bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Effectiveness and Sero-Immunity of Hepatitis B Vaccination in People Who Use Drugs: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Reynolds-Cortez Valeria , Criado-Álvarez Juan-José , Martinez-Vizcaino Vicente , Pascual-Morena Carlos , Salinas-Vilca Ana , Sequí-Domínguez Irene
Published: September 2024

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) vaccination has been available for over four decades. However, a synthesis of the evidence regarding the effectiveness of this strategy on preventing hepatitis B infection in people who use drugs (PWUD) is lacking. A systematic search of the MEDLINE (via PubMed), SCOPUS, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library databases was conducted up to June 2024. Eight studies reported on the effectiveness of HBV vaccination, defined as a positive result for HBsAg or anti-Hbc in vaccinated versus non-vaccinated PWUD, with a pooled effect size of 52% (95% CI: 28.2–67.9) for HBsAg and 31.89% (95% CI: 14.8–45.5) for anti-Hbc. For sero-immunity, defined as the proportion of vaccinated PWUD with levels of anti-HBs ≥ 10 mIU/mL, we found that 66.2% (95% CI: 0.61–0.71; I2 = 94%) had protective levels of anti-HBs. The results of this meta-analysis indicate that the incidence of HBV infection is lower in vaccinated PWUD than in those who did not receive the vaccine. However, the effectiveness is lower than that observed in the general population. This highlights the need for a thorough review of the factors influencing the prevention of HBV infection in PWUD.
Chagas Disease Diagnosis with Trypanosoma cruzi-Exclusive Epitopes in GFP
Authors: Durans Andressa da M. , Napoleão-Pêgo Paloma , Reis Flavia C. G. , Dias Evandro R. , Machado Luciana E. S. F. , Lechuga Guilherme C. , Junqueira Angela C. V. , De-Simone Salvatore G. , Provance David W.
Published: September 2024

Serological tests are critical tools in the fight against infectious disease. They detect antibodies produced during an adaptive immune response against a pathogen with an immunological reagent, whose antibody binding characteristics define the specificity and sensitivity of the assay. While pathogen proteins have conveniently served as reagents, their performance is limited by the natural grouping of specific and non-specific antibody binding sites, epitopes. An attractive solution is to build synthetic proteins that only contains pathogen-specific epitopes, which could theoretically reach 100% specificity. However, the genesis of de novo proteins remains a challenge. To address the uncertainty of producing a synthetic protein, we have repurposed the beta barrel of fluorescent proteins into a receptacle that can receive several epitope sequences without compromising its ability to be expressed. Here, two versions of a multiepitope protein were built using the receptacle that differ by their grouping of epitopes specific to the parasite Trypanosoma cruzi, the causative agent for Chagas disease. An evaluation of their performance as the capture reagent in ELISAs showed near-complete agreement with recommended diagnostic protocols. The results suggest that a single assay could be developed for the diagnosis of Chagas disease and that this approach could be applied to other diseases.
The Improvement of Adaptive Immune Responses towards COVID-19 Following Diphtheria–Tetanus–Pertussis and SARS-CoV-2 Vaccinations in Indonesian Children: Exploring the Roles of Heterologous Immunity
Authors: Santi Theresia , Jo Juandy , Harahap Alida Roswita , Werdhani Retno Asti , Hadinegoro Sri Rezeki S. , SahBandar Ivo Novita , Prayitno Ari , Munasir Zakiudin , Vandenplas Yvan , Hegar Badriul
Published: September 2024

Background: Routine childhood vaccination, e.g., for diphtheria, tetanus, and pertussis (DTP), might provide additional protection against SARS-CoV-2 infection. This concept of heterologous immunity was explored in healthy children receiving both DTP and inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccines. Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed on 154 healthy children aged 6–8 years old in Jakarta, Indonesia. Their vaccination status for the DTP (including a diphtheria–tetanus booster vaccine at 5 years old) and CoronaVac (from 6 years old) vaccines were recorded. Peripheral blood samples were collected from all participants, in which anti-diphtheria toxoid IgG and anti-SARS-CoV-2 S-RBD antibodies and T cell-derived IFN-γ were measured. Results: The study participants with complete DTP vaccination had significantly higher titers of anti-diphtheria toxoid IgG than the ones without (median = 0.9349 versus 0.2113 IU/mL; p < 0.0001). Upon stratification based on DTP and CoronaVac vaccination statuses, the participants with complete DTP and CoronaVac vaccinations had the highest titer of anti-SARS-CoV-2 S-RBD antibodies (median = 1196 U/mL) and the highest concentration of SARS-CoV-2-specific T cell-derived IFN-γ (median = 560.9 mIU/mL) among all the groups. Conclusions: Healthy children aged 6–8 years old with complete DTP and CoronaVac vaccinations exhibited stronger SARS-CoV-2-specific T cell immune responses. This might suggest an additional benefit of routine childhood vaccination in generating protection against novel pathogens, presumably via heterologous immunity.
Dynamic Vaccine Allocation for Control of Human-Transmissible Disease
Authors: Lyu Mingdong , Chang Chang , Liu Kuofu , Hall Randolph
Published: September 2024

During pandemics, such as COVID-19, supplies of vaccines can be insufficient for meeting all needs, particularly when vaccines first become available. Our study develops a dynamic methodology for vaccine allocation, segmented by region, age, and timeframe, using a time-sensitive, age-structured compartmental model. Based on the objective of minimizing a weighted sum of deaths and cases, we used the Sequential Least Squares Quadratic Programming method to search for a locally optimal COVID-19 vaccine allocation for the United States, for the period from 16 December 2020 to 30 June 2021, where regions corresponded to the 50 states in the United States (U.S.). We also compared our solution to actual allocations of vaccines. From our model, we estimate that approximately 1.8 million cases and 9 thousand deaths could have been averted in the U.S. with an improved allocation. When case reduction is prioritized over death reduction, we found that young people (17 and younger) should receive priority over old people due to their potential to expose others. However, if death reduction is prioritized over case reduction, we found that more vaccines should be allocated to older people, due to their propensity for severe disease. While we have applied our methodology to COVID-19, our approach generalizes to other human-transmissible diseases, with potential application to future epidemics.
Integrated Thermomechanical Analysis of Tires and Brakes for Vehicle Dynamics and Safety
Authors: Stefanelli Andrea , Aprea Marco , Carbone Fabio , Romagnuolo Fabio , Caresia Pietro , Suero Raffaele
Published: September 2024

The accurate prediction of tire and brake thermomechanical behavior is crucial for various applications in the automotive industry, including vehicle dynamics analysis, racing performance optimization, and driver assistance system development. The temperature of the brakes plays a crucial role in determining the performance of rubber by altering its temperature. This change impacts the rim and the air within the tire, leading to variations in temperature and tire pressure, which consequently affect the vehicle’s overall performance. Traditionally, these components have been modeled separately, neglecting the crucial thermal interaction between them, thereby losing a lot of important information from the outside that influences the tire. This paper presents a novel method that overcomes this limitation by coupling the thermomechanical models of the tire and brake, enabling a more comprehensive understanding of their combined behavior. Therefore, the present work could be an interesting starting point to understand how a control system can be influenced by the thermodynamic of the wheel–brake system.
Review of Liquid Vitamin A and E Formulations in Veterinary and Livestock Production: Applications and Perspectives
Authors: Shastak Yauheni , Pelletier Wolf
Published: September 2024

Vitamins A and E are vital fat-soluble micronutrients with distinct yet intertwined roles in various biological processes. This review delves into their functions, nutritional requirements across different animal species, the consequences of deficiencies, and the impact of liquid formulations on veterinary medicine and livestock production. Vitamin A exists in multiple forms, essential for vision, immunity, and growth, while vitamin E acts primarily as an antioxidant, safeguarding cell membranes from oxidative damage. Hypovitaminosis in these vitamins can lead to severe health consequences, affecting vision, immunity, growth, reproduction, and neurological functions. Hence, supplementation, particularly through innovative liquid formulations, becomes pivotal in addressing deficiencies and enhancing overall animal health and productivity. Injectable forms of vitamins A and E show promise in enhancing reproductive performance, growth, and immune function in livestock. Administering these vitamins through drinking water offers a convenient way to enhance livestock health and productivity, particularly during times of stress or increased nutritional needs. Liquid vitamin A and E drops offer a flexible and effective solution in veterinary practice, allowing precise dosing and easy administration, particularly for companion animals. Future research may aim to optimize formulations and explore targeted therapies and precision feeding via nutrigenomics, promising advancements in veterinary medicine and livestock production.
A Frequency Domain Fitting Algorithm Method for Automotive Suspension Structure under Colored Noise
Authors: Lu Xiangyu , Chen Huaihai , He Xudong
Published: September 2024

The suspension of a car has different structural forms but usually consists of springs, shock absorbers, guiding mechanisms, etc. As a vehicle moves, the terrain often induces a multifaceted non-white noise vibration within the vehicle. Research on this type of vibration often uses the operational modal analysis (OMA) method, due to its advantages of not requiring knowledge of excitation signals. The disadvantage is that it can only analyze systems under white noise excitation, otherwise it will bring errors. So, this paper proposes a frequency domain fitting algorithm (FDFA) based on colored noise excitation. Initially, an exposition on the foundational principles of the FDFA technique was provided, followed by a demonstration of the modal identification approach. Subsequently, a simulation scenario involving a cantilever beam, akin to a suspension system, was chosen for examination in three instances, revealing that the frequency discrepancies are under 2.94%, and for damping coefficients, they are less than 2.76%. In conclusion, the paper’s introduced FDFA technique, along with the frequency–spatial domain decomposition (FSDD) approach, were employed to determine the modal characteristics of aluminum cantilever beams subjected to four distinct colored noise stimulations. The findings indicate that when utilizing the FDFA technique, the error in modal frequency is kept below 2.5%, while the error for the damping ratio does not exceed 15%. Compared with FSDD, the accuracy was improved.
Intermediate forms of musical art and new information technologies
Authors:   Department of Art, Moscow University for the Humanities, Shcheglova Tatyana Gennadievna
Published: September 2024

The development of technology at the turn of the 20th century draws attention to the issues of connecting art with scientifi c achievements in the fi eld of acoustics, artifi cial intelligence, electronics, and sonorics. In the modern era, with the intensive development of science and technology, unexpected synthetic forms of combining genres are quite possible. The use of computer technology enriches the sound of the orchestra's acoustic instruments, exerting a strong psychoacoustic eff ect on the audience. Changing ideas about timbral sound and the desire to hear new intonations in the aesthetics of the 21st century expand the boundaries of the very concept of musical sound. The computer age has created a new aesthetic paradigm, which is based on the synthesis of technology and art. Modern ideas and experiments have created a sound space where acoustic tonal sounds, electronic sound timbres, and noises without a tonal basis coexist. Therefore, the boundaries of musical space in the sound fi eld also become very unstable and uncertain, and modern possibilities of theatricalization and visualization make the external boundaries of musical art even more unstable. Such genre fl exibility of boundaries is clearly manifested in the work of many modern composers. The materials of the article can be used in the educational process in areas of training related to the art of music.
Particularities of demographic development of the countries of Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC)
Authors:   Ambassador of the Russian Federation to Uruguay, Budaev A. V.
Published: September 2024

The article examines the causes and consequences of the trend towards a slowing population growth rate in the LAC region due to the impact of a number of socio-economic problems, the phenomenon of migration, as well as the growing significance of the "feminist factor". The author concludes that the future decline in the size of the Latin American community may have a constraining effect on the full realization of its potential.
Customs and logistics infrastructure in the system of international cooperation
Authors: Korovkin Yu. D.
Published: September 2024

The article considers the logistical elements of the infrastructure under which the transportation of goods of domestic orientation and international level is carried out. Modern logistics chains are changing their course, and Russia is turning its attention to the development of transport corridors of the eastern direction.
Marketplaces as dominant online sales channel in the context of comparative analysis of competitive advantages
Authors:   Plekhanov Russian University of Economics, Krasilnikova Е. А.
Published: September 2024

Currently, marketplaces are the predominant sales channel in e-commerce, which can be recorded as a steady trend over a four-year period. The share of turnover of the two largest marketplaces operating in the e-commerce segment of the Russian Federation increased from 51 % in 2020 to 77 % in 2023. In January 2019, the indicator reached only 34 %. Under the current conditions, a comparative analysis of the competitive advantages of marketplaces, the leaders of the Russian market, is of research interest.
Implementación de las decisiones de órganos de control y supervisión en sistemas regionales: América-Europa.
Authors: Aveiga Mieles Antonella
Published: September 2024

Los sistemas regionales de protección de derechos humanos se han convertido en la última instancia para un ciudadano cuyo estado no logra garantizarle el correcto ejercicio de sus derechos fundamentales y, dentro de la trascendencia que radica en ellos, una sentencia no necesariamente representa para una víctima una reparación inmediata o la dotación de una percepción de justicia. Por ello, el objetivo de la presente investigación ha sido comparar los procesos de implementación de las decisiones de los órganos de control y supervisión de los sistemas regionales de protección de derechos humanos de América y Europa.
Para esto, se propuso una investigación cualitativa dentro de la cual, además de investigar los criterios teóricos y fácticos que fundamentan la existencia, funcionamiento y alcance de los sistemas regionales, se revisaron diez casos aleatorios por cada sistema, tomados de las bases de datos electrónicas de la Corte IDH y el Consejo de Europa para verificar si las sentencias emitidas por la Corte IDH o el Tribunal EDH han sido cumplidas de forma integral. Los resultados demostraron puntos en común en la organización de los sistemas y divergencias que determinaban la eficacia o no de cada sistema para ejecutar sus fallos. Se observó una mayor tasa de cumplimiento en el sistema europeo como producto de contar con un órgano ejecutivo dedicado exclusivamente a vigilar el cumplimiento de las sentencias.
Estimating the burden of vaccine-preventable lower respiratory tract disease in UK primary care: protocol for a prospective surveillance study (AvonCAP GP2)
Authors: Duncan Polly , Mears Ruth , Begier Elizabeth , Rouhbakhsh Halvaei Sanaz , Southern Jo , Porter Siân Bodfel , Hubler Robin , Oben Glenda , Qian George , Lahuerta Maria , Davis Tim , Campling James , Dawson Shoba , Christensen Hannah , Oliver Jennifer , Morales-Aza Begonia , Pan Kaijie , Gray Sharon , Hyams Catherine , Danon Leon , Gessner Bradford D , Finn Adam , Hay Alastair D ,   AvonCAP GP2 research group
Published: September 2024

Background

The true burden of acute lower respiratory tract disease (aLRTD; includes acute lower respiratory tract infection [aLRTI] and presumed non-infective exacerbations of chronic lung disease and heart failure) among adults presenting to primary care, and the proportion that are potentially vaccine preventable is unknown.

Aim

To describe aLRTD incidence in adults presenting to primary care; estimate proportions caused by respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), and Streptococcus pneumoniae (SP); and investigate disease burden from patient and NHS perspectives.

Design & setting

Primary care prospective cohort study conducted in six representative general practices (total ∼86 000 registered adults) in Bristol, UK.

Method

Adults (aged ≥18 years) registered at participating general practices and presenting to primary care (in-hours or out-of-hours) or emergency department (if not admitted) with aLRTD will be eligible. They will be identified by real-time primary care record searches. Researchers will screen electronic GP records, including free text, contact patients to assess eligibility, and offer enrolment in a surveillance study and an enhanced diagnostic study (urine, saliva, and respiratory samples; physical examination; and symptom diaries). Data will be collected for all aLRTD episodes, with patients assigned to one of three arms: surveillance; embedded diagnostic; and descriptive dataset. Outcome measures will include clinical and pathogen-defined aLRTD incidence rates, symptom severity and duration, NHS contacts and costs, health-related quality-of-life changes, and mortality (≤30 days post-identification).

Conclusion

This comprehensive surveillance study of adults presenting to primary care with aLRTD, with embedded detailed data and sample collection, will provide an accurate assessment of aLRTD burden due to vaccine-preventable infections.
Naciones comerciantes. El comercio entre Buenos Aires y el mundo indígena del sudeste pampeano, 1740-1830
Authors: Alemano María Eugenia
Published: September 2024

Tradicionalmente, se han señalado los efectos desestructurantes de la participación mercantil indígena: aculturación, dependencia económica y polarización social. En este artículo brindamos indicios que permiten matizar esta imagen para el caso del mundo indígena del sudeste pampeano entre los siglos XVIII y XIX, donde la participación mercantil indígena no fue forzada, ni siquiera inducida, sino entusiastamente espontánea. Con la evidencia de un siglo de comercio interétnico, observamos que los indígenas se convirtieron en ávidos consumidores, hábiles traficantes e industriosos productores de mercancías; defendieron celosamente su libertad de comercio, habilitaron puertos de intercambio en su territorio y se insertaron en redes mercantiles locales, regionales y ultramarinas. En suma, los pueblos indígenas del sudeste pampeano gestaron sus propias modalidades de participación mercantil que les valieron el apelativo de “naciones comerciantes” en la transición entre el Antiguo Régimen y el liberalismo económico.
КОМУНІКАТИВНІ ГНУЧКІ НАВИЧКИ ФАХІВЦЯ СОЦІОНОМІЧНОГО ПРОФІЛЮ
Authors: Богдан Жанна , Колісник Марина
Published: September 2024

Актуальність дослідженнякомунікативних гнучких навичок зумовлена тим, що серед софт-скілс сучасного фахівця саме вміння ефективного спілкування є провідною та найбільш чисельною групою навичок, проте сьогодні у психології вони виявляються мало вивченими та практично не систематизованими.

Мета статті – здійснити вивчення структури та професійної специфіки комунікативних гнучких навичок.

Результати. Здійснено факторний аналіз показників комунікативних гнучких навичок, показано відмінності у рівні розвитку комунікативних гнучких навичок у майбутніх психологів, економістів, менеджерів, журналістів, соціальних працівників та медичних сестер.

Висновки. У результаті факторизації показників комунікативних гнучких навичок було отримано шести факторну структуру, яка характеризується, передусім, провідною позицією комунікативних схильностей особистості із її такими комунікативними здатностями, як соціальна креативність, командо творча компетентність, організаторські здатності, здатність до рольової рефлексії, здатність вирішувати рольові конфлікти, легкість комунікативної креативності, діалогічної спрямованості у спілкуванні. Другорядним за значенням є зв'язок комунікативної толерантності та комунікативного контролю, широти рольового репертуару, рольової гнучкості, здатності вирішувати рольові конфлікти, низькою конфліктністю; а також зв’язки самопрезентації комунікативної креативності та самомоніторингу презентації себе - самоконтролю поведінки у соціальних ситуаціях. Побічною у структурі є роль соціального інтелекту у зв’язку із соціальною креативністю, емоційна стійкість у спілкуванні, маніпулятивність та комунікативна компетентність, незалежність та експресивність комунікативної креативності.

Виявлено перевагу більшості комунікативних гнучких навичок у майбутніх психологів у порівнянні із майбутніми економістами, менеджерами, журналістами, соціальними працівниками та медичними сестрами.
СЕМАНТИЧНИЙ ДИФЕРЕНЦІАЛ «СТАВЛЕННЯ ДО ТІЛА»
Authors: Хомуленко Тамара , Лесніченко Ніна
Published: September 2024

Метою дослідження було створення психодіагностичної методики для вивчення ставлення до тіла за такими параметрами: емоційне ставлення, сила ставлення та активність відповідно до класичного сематичного диференціалу.

Методи дослідження. Психометрична обробка результатів дослідження включалаперевірку внутрішньої узгодженості методики за коефіцієнтом альфа Кронбаха, оцінку ретестової надійності опитувальника. Конвергентна та дискримінативна валідність методики перевірялась шляхом визначення кореляційних зв’язків показників сематичного диференціалу з методикою «Тілесний локус контролю», методикою діагностики ставлення до свого тіла О.Б.Станковської, «Вербалізація тілесного Я» (дискримінантна валідність), саморегуляції здорового способу життя. Психометричну вибірку склали 186 «умовно здорових» респондентів віком від 15 до 65 років. Процедура ретестування проводилася через чотири тижні із залученням 56 респондентів, що входили до психометричної вибірки.

Результати. Основою створення методики діагностики ставлення до тіла була методологічні принципи створення сематичних диференціалів для вивчення особистості. Опитувальник характеризується інтраіндивідуальною стійкістю та розподілом близьким до нормального, що дає підстави для перенесення отриманих результатів вибіркової сукупності на генеральну, високою внутрішньою узгодженістю. Показники конвергентної та дискримінативної валідності свідчать, що запропонована методика вимірює саме ставлення до власного тіла.

Висновки. Представлена методика «Семантичний диференціал для оцінки ставлення до тіла» характеризується високою валідністю та надійністю. Шкали семантичного диференціалу адекватно відображають типи ставлення до тіла, пов’язані із тілесним локусом контролю, мотиваторами саморегуляції здорового способу життя, параметрами вербалізації тілесного Я. Запропонована психодіагностична методика «Семантичний диференціал для оцінки ставлення до тіла» відповідає сучасним вимогам до психометричного обґрунтування особистісних опитувальників. Опитувальник може бути використаний для психодіагностики у структурі досліджень з психосоматичної проблематики та реалізації оздоровчих психотехнологій.
Prevalence of Certain Corneal Conditions and their Demographic Risk Factors; Tehran Geriatric Eye Study
Authors: Hashemi Alireza , Hashemi Hassan , Aghamirsalim Mohammadreza , Jamali Alireza , Khabazkhoob Mehdi
Published: September 2024

Background: Corneal abnormalities are one of the important reasons for visual impairment. There is little evidence of the prevalence of different types of corneal abnormalities. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of various corneal abnormalities and identify the key risk factors associated with these abnormalities in an elderly population residing in Tehran. Methods: The Tehran Geriatric Eye Study (TGES) was conducted as a cross-sectional study, utilizing a population-based approach and employing stratified cluster random sampling. The study focused on individuals aged 60 years and above residing in Tehran. An ophthalmologist performed a slit lamp examination to evaluate the eyelid, cornea, and crystalline lens. Results: The prevalence of posterior embryotoxon (PE), punctate epithelial defect (PED), pigment on endothelium (POE), corneal dystrophy (CDys), corneal vascularization (CV), and corneal degeneration (CDeg) were estimated to be 0.08% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.02 to 0.40), 8.77% (95% CI: 6.64 to 11.51), 0.57% (95% CI: 0.33 to 0.98), 0.53% (95% CI: 0.33 to 0.82), 0.95% (95% CI: 0.60 to 1.52), and 44.87% (95% CI: 41.80 to 47.98), respectively. Overall, approximately 49.08% of the participants exhibited some form of corneal abnormality in at least one eye. The multiple logistic regression model revealed that increasing age was significantly associated with PED, CV, and CD. Furthermore, illiterate participants had a significantly higher prevalence of PE. Conclusion: The findings of this study indicate that approximately half of the elderly population aged 60 years and above in Tehran have at least one corneal abnormality, with corneal degeneration being the most prevalent. Age was identified as the primary determinant of corneal abnormalities.
Pattern of Participation in Colorectal Cancer Screening from a Population-Based Screening Program in Iran
Authors: Rahimi Farimah , Rezayatmand Reza , Najafi Elaheh , Ravankhah Zahra , Tabesh Elham , Adibi Peyman
Published: September 2024

Background: In Isfahan, the fecal immunochemical test (FIT) has been used since January 2016 as part of the Iran’s Package of Essential Non-communicable Diseases (IraPEN) program for colorectal cancer (CRC) screening. The test is recommended for people who are 50-70 years old. Then, those with positive results would be referred for colonoscopy. This study aims to describe the uptake of the program and its outcome. Methods: A retrospective observational study was performed by collecting data from Isfahan Vice-Chancellor for Health database for this study purpose. The number of participators, the number of positive FIT, and the number of detected polyps or cancers were determined. Results: Between 2016 and 2019, the number of participants in the program reached 345 207 individuals (nearly 40% of the eligible population of 874 674). Totally, 21 264 participants (6.1%) had positive tests, of whom about 20% underwent the recommended colonoscopy with available reports, and 971 (24%) and 110 (3%) patients were diagnosed with polyps and CRC, respectively. Conclusion: Over four years of screening with FIT in Isfahan, 40% of the eligible population participated. Among those with positive FIT results, 20% underwent colonoscopy, and approximately 26% of these individuals were identified as having polyps or cancer. This study provides valuable insights into the uptake and outcomes of a population-based CRC screening program in Isfahan, Iran. The findings highlight the need for targeted interventions to increase participation rates and improve the detection of polyps and CRC cases.
Artificial Intelligence Model for Detecting Tax Evasion Involving Complex Network Schemes
Authors: Nuryani Nuryani , Mutiara Achmad Benny , Wiryana I Made , Purnamasari Detty , Putra Souza Nurafrianto Windiartono
Published: September 2024

Tax evasion through complex network schemes poses a significant challenge to tax authorities, leading to substantial revenue losses. This paper aims to develop and evaluate an artificial intelligence model designed to detect tax evasion within complex corporate networks, providing a comprehensive overview and prediction of tax avoidance behaviors. Employing a systematic literature review and document analysis of applicable tax regulations, the study utilizes Social Network Analysis (SNA) as a primary technique for mapping and analyzing taxpayer networks. The process involves matching taxable identities, constructing taxpayer graphs, extracting features, and developing a machine learning model. The proposed architectures and processes demonstrate the potential for tax authorities to enhance their capabilities in detecting tax evasion involving complex networks, with the machine learning model effectively identifying features related to both individual and network characteristics of taxpayers. The findings suggest that the integration of artificial intelligence and big data analytics can significantly improve the detection of tax evasion in complex corporate structures, offering valuable tools for tax authorities to better enforce tax compliance.
TELEOLOGICAL PLOT IN THE WORKS OF DOSTOEVSKY AND TOLSTOY ABOUT CHILDHOOD
Authors: Fedorova E. A. , Lyubarets V. V.
Published: September 2024

The article discusses the teleological plot in the works of F.M. Dostoevsky's
"A Little Hero" and Leo Tolstoy's Childhood. This plot includes the motives of
the test, the choice of the hero and his movement to salvation. During the choice, the
dominant character, based on self-sacrifice, is revealed. Freeing himself from Dvoikin,
the hero who makes a moral choice, according to the teachings of A.A. Ukhtomsky, takes
the path of the Interlocutor. A common locus for the works of Tolstoy and Dostoevsky is
the garden park, which is associated with autobiographical allusions (memories of
childhood in Yasnaya Polyana and Darovoe). The garden becomes a symbol of the lost
paradise and a place of "revelation", the spiritual ascent of the little hero.
In both works, the little heroes behave like "knights", fighting for the heart
of their Beautiful lady. At the same time, in Tolstoy's story there is a prediction of a
fool and a prophetic dream of a mother about death, which she accepts with humility. The
commandments of the Gospel, which are observed by the hero's mother and nanny Natalia
Savishna, become a model for the narrator. Dostoevsky's little hero also shows freedom
of choice, following the Gospel Truth. Both works were written in a situation of ordeal:
Dostoevsky was in the Peter and Paul Fortress, Tolstoy was in the Caucasian War. In both
works, the writers reflect on salvation and lead the reader.
THE THEME OF FAMILY IN A.N. TOLSTOY’S COMPREHENSION (BASED ON THE NOVEL “PETER THE
FIRST”)
Authors: Chervonenko S. M.
Published: September 2024

One of the most large-scale works of the twentieth century – A.N. Tolstoy’s novel
“Peter the First” – has been chosen for literary analysis. Particular attention is paid
to the theme of family and marriage, which runs through the entire narrative. Parallels
with the writer’s early work, his life circumstances that influenced his understanding
of the family realities of the historical past are drawn. The images of royalty and
their attitudes to family reasons are considered in detail. Through specific characters,
the author addresses global moral issues that accompany changes in social life.
Particular attention is paid to the changes in the Russian state under the influence of
European trends, which are actively introduced as a result of Tsar Peter’s
transformations and give impetus to the destruction of the original patriarchal
foundations. This environment recreated by the author leads the reader to comprehend the
problem of interethnic relations, to understand the need to preserve Russian traditions,
one of the pillars of which is the family.
“IF IT’S EASY TO UNDERSTAND AFTER TENS OF YEARS...”: MEMORIALIZATION OF THE IMAGE
OF MARIA PETROVYKH IN THE LITERARY AND CULTURAL SPACE OF YAROSLAVL
Authors: Lukyanchikova N. V. , Strakhova N. V.
Published: September 2024

Memorialization as a purposeful activity to preserve, consolidate and transmit
cultural and literary traditions, associated with the personality and work of poets and
writers, to next generations becomes especially demanded during critical historical
periods, which is what happened with Maria Sergeevna Petrovykh at the turn of the
millennium. Born in Yaroslavl, who at an early stage of her work became a prominent
figure among the poets of the Silver Age, who rethought the traditions of Russian
classical poetry, who revealed many bright artistic phenomena of different national
cultures to the Russian reader but, unfortunately, little known to the general reading
public due to historical circumstances, Maria Petrovykh becomes an iconic personality in
the Russian cultural space in the 1990s – 2000s. The article traces an attempt to
present the influence of the personality and creativity of M.S. Petrovykh on the
literary and cultural environment of her hometown.
PARTICIPATION OF PETROGRAD TRADE UNION ORGANIZATIONS IN SOLVING THE FUEL CRISIS IN
1919
Authors: Rupasov A. I.
Published: September 2024

The article analyses the reasons for the unsuccessful efforts of Petrograd trade
union organizations in solving the fuel problem in the summer of 1919. The fuel crisis
that began in Russia during the First World War, reached catastrophic proportions
starting from the turn of 1918-1919. The availability of a huge resource base was offset
by the technical decay of the communications system, labour shortages and institutional
chaos. In Petrograd, the fuel crisis coincided with a crisis in the supply of raw
materials to industry and food to the population. The situation created preconditions
for the emergence of contradictions between the city administration, party authorities
and trade union structures. These contradictions were aggravated by the actions of the
city authorities in the sphere of distribution of food and basic necessities, as they
actually ignored the role of trade unions and co-operatives created by them in this
sphere. The city authorities took the role of the trade unions into account but were
unable to secure influence in the trade unions. As a result, the city administration
regarded the trade unions as a rival whose initiatives were to be supported only
moderately. This was particularly evident when the unions attempted to organize units of
workers to work in logging and rafting.
Information-analytical Basis of Indicators of the Construction Complex of the Donetsk People's Republic: the Most Important Stage of Management System Formation
Authors:   The Donbas National Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Borodatskaya A. V.
Published: September 2024

The article is devoted to the analysis of indicators of the construction complex of the Donetsk People’s Republic for subsequent planning of an effective management system. The study of issues related to the analysis of data from the construction complex is extremely important to-day for several reasons, since construction is one of the main sectors of the economy, which en-sures the development of infrastructure, creates jobs, and influences the formation of the tax base. It is important to understand that data from the construction sector provides insight into the state of the economy as a whole, the dynamics of investment and consumer demand. And finally, studying the indicators of the construction complex allows us to identify promising areas for the development of other areas, assess the efficiency of resource allocation and develop the most op-timal strategies. This is what determined the relevance and purpose of this study. The author examines the main indicators characterizing the state of the construction complex, identifies themost significant indicators, and emphasizes the importance of each of the elements of the con-struction complex: metallurgy and metalworking, mechanical engineering, chemical industry, pro-duction of building materials and non-metallic minerals, construction. The work examined the leading manufacturers of all segments of the construction market in order to determine the scale of activity of enterprises in the Donetsk People's Republic. An expert assessment tool - SWOT analysis - was used to determine the strategic direction of development of the construction com-plex based on studying the information and analytical basis of indicators. As a result of the study, strengths, and weaknesses, as well as threats and opportunities for the construction complex of the Donetsk People's Republic were identified. The results obtained will have important manage-rial consequences and are the basis for the development of further mechanisms for improving the activities of construction enterprises at all levels of management.
Assessment of the Impact of Investments in State Industrial Parks on the Sustainable Development of the Region
Authors:   Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, Mukovnina E. Yu.
Published: September 2024

In recent years, various forms of interaction between the state and business have been developing. Business interest in state industrial parks is associated with the possibility of quick launching of production, optimizing logistics costs, meeting domestic demand for domestic prod-ucts and expanding existing facilities. In order to attract residents to parks, the state provides tax and legal preferences, preferential lending and support to investors and residents. Creating new jobs and attracting investment in production contributes to the economic growth of the region, improving the quality of life of the population through rising incomes and improving infrastruc-ture. All these factors associated with the development of state industrial parks in the region have a significant impact on its sustainable development. The analysis of sustainable development of the region aims to maintain equality in the social, economic and environmental spheres. However, existing approaches to assessing the sustainability of a region do not include the presence of in-dustrial parks on its territory and the volume of investment in their development. The article pro-poses a methodological approach to assessing the sustainable development of a region, taking in-to account the peculiarities of the functioning of state industrial parks in it. As a result of the study, an index of sustainable development of the regions of the Northwestern Federal District was calculated and its relationship with the volume of investments in state industrial parks was assessed. The proposed methodological approach makes it possible to improve the quality of decisions made on the development of state industrial parks in the regions. The obtained research results are necessary for management companies for the purpose of making management decisions and for residents when choosing a site for placement.
Marketing Policy in Supporting the Development of International Medical Tourism: the Case of General Hospital
Authors:   Baikal State University, Khlebovich D. I. , Kasianova A. D. ,   Irkutsk State University
Published: September 2024

The article reveals an approach to the selection and design of marketing policies to support the development of international medical tourism services as a new autonomously managed product in the structure of medical care of a general hospital. The study of scientific discussion shows the key problems and challenges for the development of medical tourism today. Marketing policy is con-sidered as a way to differentiate from competitors and create a value proposition for the target au-dience success-fully. The article demonstrates that a specific functional policy with a focus on se-lected tools can be applied to implement a growth strategy. In the study suggested about the leading role of promotion tools and customer support in the content of marketing policy. Certain healthcare institution has been studied as a participant in the international tourism market. The study reflexes the relationship between functional policies and the framework of the strategic development pro-gram, results of situation analysis and provides arguments for the necessary guidelines for strategic development, first of all, the launch of an updated program for the development of international medical tourism. Despite the in-tense competition in the market, the general hospital has advantages in certain areas of treatment (cardiac surgery and neurosurgery), which are identified as a window of opportunity. The path of the marketing policy is to update maintenance tools for new treatment programs and to launch a campaign to promote international medical tourism services. The segmen-tation of the market of foreign medical tourists has been implemented, and target segments have been identified. Goals and programs for the implementation of the marketing strategy have been defined. The example of promotion tools shows how part of the marketing mix can be built. Indica-tors to monitor the achievement of marketing goals have been identified. The different arguments provide a key to understanding the important role of marketing policy in the successful implementation of the strategy and achievement of goals for sales, markets and consumers.
OPTIMIZATION OF CULTIVATION TECHNOLOGY FOR APPLE VARIETBES OF FSC BREEDING
Authors: Исаев Р.Д. , Кружков А.В.
Published: September 2024

В  статье приводятся данные по  биометрическим показателям (высота, площадь проекции объем кроны, ширина кроны в  ряд и  междурядье, диаметр штамба) деревьев яблони перспективных сортов селекции ФГБНУ «ФНЦ им. И.В. Мичурина» Академик Казаков, Былина, Вымпел, Мунстер, Память Нестерова в интенсивном шпалерном саду.

The paper presents the data for biometric indicators (tree heght, crown width per row and spacing, trunk diameter in trees of promising apple varieties “Akademik Kazakov”, “Bylina”, “Vympel”, “Munster”, “Pamyat Nesterova”. These were the varieties of I.V. Michurin FSCs breeding in trellis garden with high planting density after pruning as slender spindle.
SMALL AGRIBUSINESS IN HORTICULTURE: SCIENTIFIC AND THEORETICAL ASPECT OF ECONOMIC ADAPTATION
Authors: Кузичева Н Ю. , Волкова А А. , Свиридов Д О.
Published: September 2024

Все без исключения хозяйствующие субъекты осуществляют адаптацию к  меняющимся внешним условиям ведения бизнеса. Особые сложности возникают у  малых предприятий, ведущих капиталоемкое производство. К ним относятся садоводческие организации. В статье приведены основные закономерности, которые объективно находят реализацию в процессе экономической адаптации. В их числе выделены индивидуальная изменчивость, способность к обучению, необходимость комплексного приспособления разных сторон бизнеса к действию одного фактора, минимизация количества входов контрагентов на протяжении производственной цепочки агробизнеса. Приведена динамика показателей, отражающих уровень адаптационной реакции малых садоводческих хозяйств Тамбовской области.

All business entities, without exception, adapt to the changing external conditions of doing business. Small enterprises engaged in capital-intensive production have particular difficulties. These include horticultural organizations. The article presents the main patterns that objectively find implementation in the process of  economic adaptation. Among them are highlighted individual variability, ability to learn, the need for a comprehensive adaptation of different sides of the business to the action of one factor, minimizing the number of  counterparties' inputs throughout the agribusiness production chain. The dynamics of indicators reflecting the level of adaptation response of small horticultural farms of the Tambov region is presented.
Biopolymer aerogels as nasal drug delivery systems
Authors: Меньшутина Н.В. , Уварова А.А. , Мочалова М.С. , Ловская Д.Д. , Цыганков П.Ю. , Гурина О.И. , Зубков Е.А. , Абрамова О.В.
Published: September 2024

Получены микрочастицы аэрогеля на основе яичного белка и хитозана, характеризующиеся низкой плотностью, развитой морфологией и высокой удельной площадью поверхности, высокой пористостью, большим объемом и малым диаметром пор. Методом лазерной дифракции получены кривые распределения частиц по размерам, из которых были рассчитаны среднечисленный и аэродинамический диаметры. Аэродинамический диаметр всех полученных биополимерных аэрогелей лежит в диапазоне, необходимом для осуществления адресной доставки активных фармацевтических ингредиентов (АФИ) в обонятельную область носовой полости. Проведены экспериментальные исследования по внедрению АФИ «мелатонин» в поры биополимерных аэрогелей на стадии замены растворителя и методом сверхкритической адсорбции. Методом высокоэффективной жидкостной хроматографии определены массовые доли АФИ в полученных фармацевтических композициях «биополимерный аэрогель — АФИ». Методом рентгенофазового анализа показано, что АФИ в фармацевтических композициях присутствует преимущественно в аморфном состоянии. Результаты экспериментальных исследований in vivo показали, что в случае интраназального введения обеих композиций «биополимерный аэрогель — АФИ» максимальная концентрация АФИ в тканях мозга достигается уже через 30 мин. Это доказывает, что полученные биополимерные аэрогели на основе белка и хитозана перспективны для использования в качестве матриц-носителей АФИ при разработке назальных систем их доставки.

Protein (egg white) and chitosan aerogel microparticles characterized by low density, developed morphology and high specific surface area, high porosity, large volume and small pore diameter, were obtained. Using the laser diffraction method, particle size distribution curves were obtained, from which the average number and aerodynamic diameters were calculated. The aerodynamic diameter of all obtained biopolymer aerogels lies in the range required for targeted delivery of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) to the olfactory region of the nasal cavity. Experimental studies have been carried out on the introduction of API «melatonin» into the pores of biopolymer aerogels at the stages of solvent replacement and supercritical adsorption. Mass fractions of API in the resulting pharmaceutical compositions «biopolymer aerogel — API» were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography. X-ray powder diffraction showed that API in pharmaceutical compositions is present mainly in the amorphous state. The results of in vivo experimental studies showed that in the case of intranasal administration of both «biopolymer aerogel — API» compositions, the maximum concentration of API in brainтtissues is reached after 30 minutes. This proves that the resulting biopolymer aerogels based on protein (egg white) and chitosan are promising for use as API carrier matrices in the development of nasal drug delivery systems.