bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analisis Pembelajaran Daring Biologi Di Masa Pandemi Covid-19 Prodi Pendidikan Biologi FKIP Universitas Muhammadiyah Palembang
Authors: Putri Desti Tria , Wardhani Sri , Indawan Indawan
Published: March 2022

The online learning system is one from of realizing Revolution 4.0 which focuses on technology based learning. Online learning is learning without face to face directly between lecturers and students, but is carried out by utilizing information technology. The purpose of this study was to find out the description of online biology learning during the Covid-19 pandemic FKIP Muhammadiyah University of Palembang. This type of research is a qualitative research. The results of this study are that there are three activities, namely planning, implementation, and evaluation of learning. In planning activities, the lecturer make RPS or SAP and also prepares teaching materials. Besides that, students also do planning starting from the place, completeness of stationery, and readiness to learn. In the implementation of learning applications that are often used zoom and whatsapp. The learning method used is question and answer discussion. The obstacle that is very often encountered in online learning is the signal problem. The readiness of students and lecturers during the online learning process is quite good. The characteristics of students in online learning look more creative. The form of evaluation is in the form of assignments after the end of the lecture and the application used by Whatsapp. For the final semester exam, it is done in writing with the lecturer sending questions in the whatsapp group.

Abstrak. Sistem pembelajaran daring salah satu bentuk untuk mewujudkan Revolusi Industri 4.0 yang menitikberatkan pembelajaran berbasis teknologi. Pembelajaran daring merupakan pembelajaran tanpa tatap muka secara langsung antara dosen dan mahasiwa, tetapi dilakukan dengan memanfaatkan teknologi informasi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui gambaran pembelajaran daring biologi di masa pandemi Covid-19 FKIP Universitas Muhammadiyah Palembang. Jenis penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif. Hasil penelitian ini adalah terdapat tiga kegiatan yaitu perencanaan, pelaksanaan, dan evaluasi pembelajaran. Pada kegiatan perencanaan dosen membuat RPS atau SAP dan juga mempersiapkan bahan ajar selain itu mahasiswa juga melakukan perencanaan mulai dari tempat, kelengkapan alat tulis, dan kesipan belajar. Pada pelaksanaan pembelajaran aplikasi yang sering digunakan zoom dan whatsapp. Metode pembelajaran yang dipakai diskusi tanya jawab. Kendala yang sangat sering ditemui dalam pembelajaran daring adalah masalah sinyal. Untuk kesiapan mahasiswa dan dosen selama proses pembelajaran daring cukup baik. Karakteristik mahasiswa dalam pembelajaran daring ini terlihat lebih kreatif. Bentuk evaluasi berupa tugas-tugas setelah akhir perkuliahan dan aplikasi yang digunakan whatsapp. Untuk ujian akhir semester dilakukan secara tertulis dengan dosen mengirimkan soal-soal di grup whatsapp.
Pengembangan Media Pembelajaran Audio-visual Bermuatan Literasi Sains Menggunakan Aplikasi Powtoon tentang Materi Keanekaragaman Hayati
Authors: Sania Khafiza , Yogica Relsas , Ristiono Ristiono , Selaras Ganda Hijah
Published: March 2022

Scientific literacy is related to the ability of students to understand the process of the occurrence of science. In order to make it easier for students to improve scientific literacy skills, a media in learning is needed. Powtoon is an interesting application that can improve students' scientific literacy skills. The purpose of this research is to produce audio-visual learning media containing scientific literacy using the Powtoon application on biodiversity material for class X high school students. This research is research and development with the Instructional Development Institute (IDI) model. The research subjects were two lecturers from the Biology department, FMIPA UNP, one Biology teacher at the UNP Laboratory Development High School, and 32 students from class X MIA 1 SMA UNP Laboratory Development. The data obtained in this study are in the form of validity and practicality data. This research produces an Audio-visual Learning Media with Science Literacy Using Powtoon Application on Biodiversity Materials that is valid and practical.
Key words: Science Literacy, Powtoon, IDI
 
Abstrak. Literasi sains berkaitan dengan kemampuan peserta didik dalam memahami proses terjadinya ilmu pengetahuan. Agar memudahkan peserta didik dalam meningkatkan kemampuan literasi sains diperlukan sebuah media dalam pembalajaran. Powtoon merupakan aplikasi menarik yang dapat meningkatkan kemampuan literasi sains peserta didik. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah menghasilkan media pembelajaran audio-visual bermuatan literasi sains menggunakan aplikasi powtoon  tentang materi keanekaragaman hayati untuk peserta didik kelas X SMA. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian pengembangan (Research and Development) dengan model Instructional Development Institute (IDI). Subjek penelitian adalah dua orang dosen dari jurusan Biologi FMIPA UNP, satu orang guru Biologi SMA Pembangunan Laboratorium UNP, dan 32 orang peserta didik kelas X MIA 1 SMA Pembangunan Laboratorium UNP. Data yang didapatkan dalam penelitian ini berupa data validitas dan praktikalitas. Penelitian ini menghasilkan Media Pembelajaran Audio-visual Bermuatan Literasi Sains Menggunakan Aplikasi Powtoon tentang Materi Keanekaragaman Hayati yang valid dan praktis.
Kata kunci: Literasi Sains, Powtoon, IDI
Sistem Filtering Berbahan Daun Mangga Untuk Emisi Partikulat Matter2,5
Authors: Sidebang Purnama , Safitri Alda , Tarafannur Rahdatia Magvira S , Said Ainurrahma , Mafud Nabila K , Lahe Gazali M
Published: March 2022

Abstract

The annual growth of the vehicle industry sector has the potential to spur economic growth, but it can also harm the environment. The negative impact that can endanger human health is air pollution. Particulate Matter 2.5μm (PM2.5) is a very small air pollutant in size that can cause various diseases such as disorders of the respiratory tract if exposed to PM2.5 while exceeding the quality standard and continuously (55μg/m3 for daily quality standard and 15μg/m3 annual quality standard). This study aimed to see the effectiveness of the filtering system tool made from mango leaves and activated carbon to reduce PM2.5 emissions. This study was an pra-experimental research design with the one-group pre-post test design method. The population in this study is PM2.5 particulate emissions deriving from two motor vehicle emissions, emission source 1 (old two-wheeled motor vehicles) and emission source 2 (new two-wheeled motor vehicles). PM2.5 data were collected using the EVM-7 tool. The results showed a decrease in the concentration of PM2.5 before and after the mango leaf filter was installed on both emission sources. The average concentration of particulate matter decreases with the influence of different temperatures and humidity. It is recommended to continue this research to develop a filtering tool that can be used by the wider community to reduce air pollution, especially PM2.5.

Keywords: PM2.5, Mango Leaf Filtering, Activated Carbon
Evaluation of the efficacy of vaginal progesterone in preventing preterm birth after abdominal trachelectomy: a prospective study with a historical cohort
Authors: Sato Yuka , Hidaka Nobuhiro , Sakai Atsuhiko , Kido Saki , Fujita Yasuyuki , Okugawa Kaoru , Yahata Hideaki , Kato Kiyoko
Published: March 2022

Objective To determine whether vaginal progesterone (VP) reduces the
rate of preterm birth in pregnant women after abdominal trachelectomy
(AT) for early-stage cervical cancer Design Prospective cohort study
with a historical cohort Setting University hospital Population Twelve
pregnancies in ten women were included in the VP group between October
2016 and September 2020. By contrast, 19 pregnancies in 17 women were
included in the historical control group between January 2007 and
September 2016. Methods For the interventional study participants, the
administration of vaginal progesterone was started between 16+0 and 19+6
weeks of gestation and discontinued at 34 weeks of gestation or at the
time of delivery, rupture of membranes, or massive uterine bleeding,
whichever occurred first. We investigated obstetric and neonatal
outcomes among the study participants and compared them with outcomes of
the historical control group participants. Main Outcome Measures The
gestational age at delivery and incidence of preterm birth before 37
weeks and 34 weeks of gestation Results The incidence of preterm birth
at <37 weeks was 10/12 (83%) in the VP group and 11/19 (58%)
in the control group, and the incidence of preterm birth at
<34 weeks was 6/12 (50%) in the VP group and 9/19 (47%) in
the control group. The incidence of preterm birth in the two groups was
similar, and the difference between the two groups was not statistically
significant. Conclusions The administration of vaginal progesterone did
not reduce the rate of preterm birth among pregnant women after AT.
What controls species' distributions? A demographic analysis and a new hypothesis
Authors: Schultz Emily , Huelsmann Lisa , Pillet Michiel , Hartig Florian , Breshears David , Record Sydne , Shaw John , DeRose Robert , Zuidema Pieter , Evans Margaret
Published: March 2022

Ecologists have long sought to understand the controls of species’
geographic distributions. Two important hypotheses have been that range
limits are determined 1) predominantly by climate or 2) by competition
in addition to climate, with competitive interactions dominating where
climate is benign. If the first hypothesis is correct, the effect of
changing climate on species’ distributions should be adequately
predicted by climate-only models. Here, we used demographic range models
(DRMs) to evaluate the influence of climate and competition on the
geographic distribution of Pinus edulis, a desert pine in the
southwestern U.S. We parameterized DRMs with data on 23,426 trees in
1,941 forest inventory plots. Vital rate responses were consistent with
the predictions of the second hypothesis: negative effects of warm-dry
conditions at low-elevation sites and competition at cool-humid,
high-elevation sites. Further, including both climate and competition in
the DRM yielded a better fit of DRM-predicted population growth rate to
the observed distribution than a climate-only DRM. However, at
cool-humid sites, negative effects of competition were too weak to
offset positive climate effects, resulting in a mismatch between
predicted population growth rate and observed distribution. This result
leads us to formulate a new hypothesis: climate has complex influences
on species’ distributions through its effects on range-limiting
processes at a variety of scales, for example, biotic and disturbance
feedbacks at community, ecosystem, landscape, and macrosystem scales.
The implications of this complex systems hypothesis are that range
dynamics may be poorly predictable from static, climate-only models, and
may be characterized by sudden changes in abundance, even distribution
collapse, with climate change.
ASSESSMENT OF PULMONARY FUNCTIONS IN OBESE PATIENTS AFTER LAPAROSCOPIC GASTRIC SURGERY
Authors: Kaba Dursun Ali , Köksal Nurhan , GULLU Yusuf Taha , Tuna Nazmiye Tibel , Yılmaz Emine Serap , Özbalcı Gökhan Selçuk
Published: March 2022

Background: Obesity is an important, worldwide public health problem.
Obesity affects all body systems, but mainly cardiovascular and
respiratory systems. Aim: We aimed to investigate the change in
respiratory functions due to both the decrease in body-mass index (BMI)
and laparoscopic obesity surgery that is used in obesity treatment.
Methods: Patients were selected who applied to Ondokuz Mayıs University
General Surgery Clinics and were referred to pulmonary medicine clinics
for preoperative evaluation. The mean age of patients was 35.3±9.3. 32
patients who applied for laparoscopic obesity surgery with
BMI>40 kg/m2 were monitored. Pulmonary symptoms of patients
were evaluated pre-operatively and post-operatively; their BMIs were
calculated and pulmonary function tests, lung diffusion testing and 6
minutes walking test (6 MWT) were applied. The data obtained at the end
of the study were assessed under computer setting by SPSS 15.0 program.
Chi-Square, Mann Whitney U, Wilcoxon Signed Ranks, Paired T and Student
T tests were used in statistical analysis of data. Results: Average age
of patients was 35.3±9.3 and 28.1% of the patients (n=9) were men,
71.9% (n=23) of them were women. The fact that majority of patients who
participated the study were women was related with more frequent morbid
obesity in women in general; we also saw that women patients applied to
the hospital for obesity surgery at a higher ratio. When data of
preoperative and post-operative were compared, BMI of patients decreased
by 28%; FEV₁ value, FEV₁ percentage, FVC value and FVC percentages
increased by 11.9%, 14.8%, 14.8% and 17.3% respectively, and these
results were accepted as statistically significant. Conclusion: Recovery
in respiratory functions due to decrease in BMI was observed after
laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy in obesity. More effective routes must
be followed in fighting against obesity which affect all the body
systems mainly including cardiovascular and respiratory systems.
Long-term outcome of Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor treatment in children and adolescents with newly diagnosed chronic myeloid leukemia in chronic phase: A single-center experience in China
Authors: zheng yongzhi , Chen Cai , Zheng Hao , Fu Danhui , Li Jian , Hu Jianda
Published: March 2022

Backgroud: Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) has gradually replaced HSCT
as the first-line treatment for pediatric patients with chronic-phase
Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML-CP). However, there are few reports
detailing the long-term effect and safety of TKIs in Chinese children
with CML-CP. Procedure: A total of 58 patients (43 children and 15
adolescents) with newly diagnosed CML-CP received imatinib mesylate (IM)
as first-line therapy and 2G-TKIs as second-line therapy. The responses
and safety to TKI therapy, and the rates of overall survival (OS),
progression-free survival (PFS) and event-free survival (EFS) were
assessed. Results: After 3 months of IM treatment, 91.4% (53/58) of
patients achieved complete hematologic response (CHR). Fifty-one
patients received further IM treatment for up to 12 months, and 88.2%
(45/51) of them achieved major cytogenetic response (MCyR), with 68.6%
(35/51) achieving complete cytogenetic response (CCyR). The cumulative
incidence of achieving major molecular response (MMR) was 45.1% (23/51)
and 66.0% (31/47) after 12 months and 18 months from initial IM
treatment, respectively. Sixteen patients were switched to
second-generation TKIs (2G-TKIs), dasatinib (n=8) and nilobinib (n=8),
due to lack of response to IM treatment. Among them, 11 patients
(68.8%) achieved MMR at a median time of 3.7 months. With a median
follow-up duration of 44.8 months, the 9-year overall survival rate (OS)
was 81.1%, the 9-year progression-free survival rate (PFS) was 80.5%,
and the 9-year event-free survival rate (EFS) was 44.4%. Conclusion: IM
as first-line therapy and 2G-TKI as second-line therapy are effective
long-term therapeutic measures for children and adolescents in CML-CP.
Fucoxanthin production from Tisochrysis lutea and Phaeodactylum tricornutum at industrial scale
Authors: Pereira Hugo , Sá Marta , Maia Inês , Rodrigues Alexandre , ITD) Iago Teles (Cabanelas, , Wijffels Rene , Navalho João , Barbosa Maria
Published: March 2022

Fucoxanthin is a xanthophyll carotenoid with high market value.
Currently, seaweeds are the primary feedstock for fucoxanthin industrial
production. However, marine microalgae reach 5 to 10 times higher
concentrations (2.24 to 26.6 mg g-1 DW), and are considered a promising
source. In this work, two marine microalgae were produced at industrial
scale to evaluate biomass and fucoxanthin production; Phaeodactylum
tricornutum for autumn/winter and Tisochrysis lutea for spring/summer.
Both strains were grown in 15 m3 tubular flow-through photobioreactors,
for 170 consecutive days, in semi-continuous cultivation regime. The
average volumetric biomass productivities of P. tricornutum and T. lutea
were 0.11 and 0.09 g DW L-1 day-1. P. tricornutum reached higher maximum
biomass concentration (2.87 g DW L-1) than T. lutea (1.47 g DW L-1).
This is the first work in literature reporting a long-term industrial
production of T. lutea. P. tricornutum fucoxanthin content ranged
between 0.2 and 0.7 % DW, while T. lutea between 0.2 and 0.6 % DW. The
fucoxanthin content was correlated with the irradiation (MJ m-2) and the
biomass concentration in the photobioreactor (g L-1). Overall, this work
shows possible scenarios for fucoxanthin production from microalgae,
increasing the window to supply the industry with steady production
throughout the year.
Development and validation of a bioanalytical method for the determination of Neutralizing Equine Anti Shiga Toxin (NEAST) antibodies and its application in preclinical studies
Authors: Santiago Gonzalo , Hiriart Yanina , Muñoz Luciana , Rey Florencia , Hein Gustavo , Sanguineti Santiago , Zylberman Vanesa , Ortega Hugo , Marelli Belkis
Published: March 2022

Hemolytic uremic syndrome associated to Shiga-toxin produced by
Escherichia coli is a serious worldwide foodborne disease. Nowadays, no
treatment is available, only supportive care can be provided, and 50 %
of the patients require a period of dialysis. Recently, a therapy based
on Neutralizing Equine Anti Shiga Toxin (NEAST) antibodies has been
developed. NEAST is composed of F(ab’)2 fragments from equine
immunoglobulins. In order to conduct preclinical studies of NEAST, a
quantitative bioanalytical method based on a sensitive enzyme-linked
immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was developed to quantify specific F(ab’)2
in mouse and rabbit serum, and validated in accordance with FDA and EMA
guidelines. This immunoassay has been demonstrated to be robust,
reproducible and reliable to determine NEAST levels, and is in use in
several current and upcoming preclinical trials conducted for
registration purposes. Furthermore, since NEAST is an equine F(ab′)2,
the developed ELISA would prove useful for the evaluation of the
pharmacokinetic profile of any biological product based on molecules
with similar characteristics.
Posterior Scleritis Simulating Choroidal Melanoma
Authors: Khadka Simanta , Byanju Raghunandan , Pradhan Sangita
Published: March 2022

Nodular posterior scleritis needs to be differentiated from other
simulating intraocular pathology to prevent misguided treatment.
Multimodal imaging aids in the diagnosis of this rare entity. We report
a case of nodular posterior scleritis managed with corticosteroid
therapy with complete resolution.
A Novel Effective Distance Measure and a Relevant Algorithm for Optimizing the Initial Cluster Centroids of K-means
Authors: Yang Liu , Shuaifeng Ma , Xinxin Du
Published: March 2022

The traditional K-means algorithm is very sensitive to the selection of
clustering centers and the calculation of distances, so the algorithm
easily converges to a locally optimal solution. In addition, the
traditional algorithm has slow convergence speed and low clustering
accuracy, as well as memory bottleneck problems when processing massive
data. Therefore, an improved K-means algorithm is proposed in this
paper. In this algorithm, the selection of the initial points in the
traditional clustering algorithm is improved first, and then a new
global measure, the effective distance measure, is proposed. Its main
idea is to calculate the effective distance between two data samples by
sparse reconstruction. Finally, on the basis of the MapReduce framework,
the efficiency of the algorithm is further improved by adjusting the
Hadoop cluster. Based on the real customer data from the JD Mall
dataset, this paper introduces the DBI, Rand and other indicators to
evaluate the clustering effects of various algorithms. The results show
that the proposed algorithm not only has good convergence and accuracy
but also achieves better performances than those of other compared
algorithms.
Ryanodine receptor and immunity-related molecules in diabetic cardiomyopathy
Authors: Tian Cheng-ju , Zhang Jing-hua , Liu Jinfeng , zhen zhong
Published: March 2022

The majority of diabetes-related conditions occur as a result of
abnormal chemical reactions in hyperglycemia that alter normal metabolic
processes. Hyperglycemia is a key process in unregulated Ca2+ leakage,
inflammation, and immune-system disorders, and it can lead to a number
of short- and long-term health complications, including diabetic
cardiomyopathy. Ryanodine receptors (RyRs) play a key role in
excitation-contraction-coupling during heart contractions including
rhythmic contraction and relaxation of the heart-and are important for
controlling cardiac fibroblast function, are expressed in immune cells,
and are involved in important mechanisms underlying diabetes-related
complications. However, little is known regarding the mechanistic
relationship between RyRs and immunity-related molecules in diabetes, as
well as the mechanisms mediating complex communication among
cardiomyocytes, fibroblasts, and immune cells. This review highlights
new findings on complex cellular communications in the pathogenesis and
progression of diabetic cardiomyopathy. Furthermore, we discuss
potential therapeutic applications targeting RyRs and immunity-related
molecules in diabetic complications.
Elevated CO2 concentration and nitrogen addition affects responses of foliar phosphorus fractions in invasive species to increased phosphorus supply
Authors: Zhang Ling , luo Xianzhen , Lambers Hans , Zhang Guihua , Liu Nan , Zang Xiaowei , Xiao Meijuan , Wen Da
Published: March 2022

No studies have explored whether the invasive nature of Mikania
micranatha and Chromolaena odorata is linked to their pattern of foliar
phosphorus (P) investment in response to elevated atmospheric CO2
concentration ([CO2]) and nitrogen (N) deposition at low soil P
availability. Here, we address this by measuring foliar total N and P
concentrations as well as functional P fractions of both invasive
species and a native species (Paederia. scandens) growing under
different P supplies, N, and N+P addition under both ambient and
elevated [CO2]. In response to P addition, the concentration of
metabolic P increased the most, followed by that of nucleic acid P, Pi,
and lipid P in all species by an average of 754%, 82%, 53%, and 38%,
respectively. However, elevated [CO2] and N addition weakened this
positive effect on concentrations of foliar P fractions in the invasive
species. Our results indicate that elevated [CO2] and N addition
allowed the invasive species to acclimate to a low soil P availability,
supporting their successful invasion, through greatly reducing P
allocation to non-metabolic foliar P fractions (structural P and nucleic
acid P) to meet their demand of metabolic P and Pi for photosynthesis,
rather than altering LMA.
PROLONGATION OF EXPERIMENTAL DIABETES MELLITUS INCREASED SUSCEPTIBILITY TO REPERFUSION VENTRICULAR TACHYARRHYTHMIAS
Authors: Pershina Ekaterina , Azarov Jan , Vaykshnorayte Marina , Bernikova Olesya , Ovechkin Alexey
Published: March 2022

Introduction. Diabetes mellitus (DM) is associated with increased risk
of sudden cardiac death, but its role in arrhythmogenesis is not clear.
We evaluated contributions of DM duration and hyperglycemia level to
development of proarrhythmic electrophysiological changes in the
experimental ischemia/reperfusion model. Methods and Results:
Ventricular epicardial 64-lead mapping and arrhythmia susceptibility
burst-pacing testing were performed in 43 healthy and 55 diabetic
(alloxan model) anesthetized rabbits undergoing 15-min left anterior
descending coronary artery occlusion, followed by 15-min reperfusion.
During ischemia, arrhythmia inducibility did not differ between the
groups, but the number of reperfusion ventricular tachycardias and/or
fibrillations (VT/VFs) was higher in the DM group (14 out of 55) as
compared to control (3 out of 43, p=0.017). In the diabetic animals,
both DM duration and glucose concentration were associated with
reperfusion VT/VF development in univariate logistic regression analysis
(OR 1.058; 95% CI 1.025-1.092; p < 0.001; and OR 1,119; 95%
CI 1,045-1,198; p = 0.001; respectively). However, only the DM duration
remained an independent predictor of reperfusion VT/VF in multivariate
logistic regression analysis (OR 1.060; 95% CI 1.006 1.117; p = 0.029).
Among mapping parameters, DM duration was associated with the
prolongation of total ventricular activation duration (B 0.152; 95% CI
0.049-0.255; p=0.005) and activation-repolarization intervals (ARIs) (B
0.900; 95% CI 0.315-1.484; p=0.003). The prolonged ARI was the only
mapping characteristic predicting reperfusion VT/VF development (OR
1.028; 95% CI 1.009-1.048; p = 0.004). Conclusions: The DM
duration-dependent prolongation of ventricular repolarization presents a
link between DM development and reperfusion VT/VF inducibility.
The meaning of dimensional space
Authors: Li Qing
Published: March 2022

Abstract The concept of 0 dimension,1 dimension ,2 dimension,and 3
dimension,the more high dimension,until infinite dimension ,namely the
concept of gradually increasings of dimension is
non-existence.Instead,there is only a concept of infinitely great that
is an one quantitative continuum. The space we see is just the
defference of 1 dimension finite quantities and infinitely great
quantities that is open space and is implied by change of direction .The
accurate description of this one quantitative continuum is that its
parts are connected each other as a unity at the infinite
distance（infinitely great）relative to any orientation (all
orientations)of our existence.it is unity in which its random parts is
this infinitely great quantities and thus we call this unity as infinite
quantities of infinite dimensions.
Dextrocardia and Situs Viscerum Inversus: the Challenge of the Mirror Image
Authors: Mastroiacovo Giorgio , Gennari Marco , Polvani Gianluca , Agrifoglio Marco
Published: March 2022

Situs viscerum inversus always poses clinical and diagnostic challenge.
We report the case of an unexpected and late discover of dextrocardia
requiring aortic valve replacement.
Clinical Pathway -- to follow or not to follow
Authors: Ovaskainen Päivi , Alin Jouni , Arve Seija , Suomi Reima , Nykänen Pirkko
Published: March 2022

Background and Objective: Clinical Pathways are expected to make health
care delivery more efficient and effective. Yet we have very little
research on how Clinical Pathways are followed. This study assesses the
functioning of a Clinical Pahway for elderly people in a Finnish case.
At the same time it documents the hardships of getting information on
the patient flows in a Clinical Pathway. Study Design/Materials and
Methods: The data on all patients aged 75 years or more who had visited
the emergency unit of the city hospital in 2006–2008 was collected. The
study sample comprised 24,195 admissions. The flow of patients after the
first care at the emergency unit was analysed, collecting data from
various scattered sources. Results: The results show that the planned
Patient Pathways seem not to be followed always. Yearly about 17% of
the patients were referred to the university hospital, the more
expensive care, but about 74% of these referrals did not follow the
agreed procedure. The excess costs of referring patients to a
non-standard, more expensive Clinical Pathway were 2,57 Million Euros
over a period of three years for the studied population of 24,195
admissions, also averaging 106 Euros per admission. Conclusion: Clinical
Pathways were not followed in the case as planned and expected. Reasons
for this should be better understood and studied in more depth. In
addition, follow-up information of Clinical Pathway flows is often hard
to collect because of fragmented information systems, that are not
designed to document patient flows in Clinical Pathways.
New quantum boundaries for q-Simpson's type inequalities for co-ordinated convex functions
Authors: alp necmettin , Ali Muhammad Aamir , BUDAK Hüseyin , Sarikaya Mehmet Zeki
Published: March 2022

The aim of this work is to develop quantum estimates for q-Simpson type
integral inequalities for co-ordinated convex functions by using the
notion of newly defined q₁q₂-derivatives and integrals. For this, we
establish a new identity including quantum integrals and quantum numbers
via q₁q₂- differentiable functions. After that, with the help of this
equality, we achieved the results we want. The outcomes raised in this
paper are extensions and generalizations of the comparable results in
the literature on Simpson’s inequalities for co-ordinated convex
functions.
Linking maximal shear rate and energy dissipation circulation function in airlift bioreactors
Authors: Esperança Mateus , Buffo Mariane , Mendes Caroline , Rodriguez Guilherme , Bettega Rodrigo , Badino Alberto , Cerri Marcel Otavio
Published: March 2022

Pneumatic reactors are an important class of bioreactors widely used in
biotechnological processes. The growing interest in these reactors is
mainly related to their good mass transfer capacity, as well as lower
operating costs, due to the simple mechanical structure. Knowledge of
the transport phenomena and hydrodynamics of bioreactors is important to
enable definition of the best bioreactor model and operating conditions
for a specific bioprocess. Several performance parameters are used to
evaluate bioreactors, with the imposed shear being one of the most
difficult to quantify. For stirred tanks, the fragmentation of
microorganisms has been well correlated with a hydrodynamic parameter
called the “energy dissipation/circulation function” (EDCF). However,
there have been no estimates of the EDCF for pneumatic bioreactors. The
present work proposes a methodology to estimate the EDCF for different
pneumatic bioreactors and operating conditions. The difficulty in
estimating the EDCF for pneumatic bioreactors is in defining the volume
of higher energy dissipation. Here, this was achieved employing the
maximal shear rate obtained using computational fluid dynamics
simulations. The estimated volume was validated by comparing pellet
fragmentation in conventional and pneumatic bioreactors, under
conditions that led to similar EDCF values.
Delayed diagnosis and treatment of children with cancer during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Dvori Michal , Barg Assaf , Elitzur Sarah , Barzilai-Birenboim Shlomit , Gilad Gil , Amar Shirah , Toledano Helen , Toren Amos , Weinreb Sigal , Goldstein Gal , Shapira-Lewinson Adi , ash shifra , Izraeli Shai , Gilad Oded
Published: March 2022

Background: COVID-19, the novel coronavirus has caused a global pandemic
affecting millions of people around the world. Although children,
including children with cancer, have been found to be affected less
commonly and less severely than adults, indirect effects of the pandemic
on the diagnosis and treatment of children with cancer have been less
described. Methods: A survey was performed in the four largest tertiary
pediatric hematology-oncology medical centers in Israel. Clinical and
laboratory data were collected from the medical files of patients
diagnosed or treated with cancer during April-October 2020. Results:
Seventeen patients are described, who had significant delay in diagnosis
or treatment of cancer. These represent approximately 10% of all the
pediatric cancer diagnosed during the study period in these centers. A
main cause of delay was fear of exposure to COVID-19 (fears felt by the
patient, parent, physician, or decision-makers at the institution; or
the implementation of national guidelines). Delays also resulted from
co-infection with COVID-19 and the attribution of the oncologic symptoms
to the infection. In addition, treatment was delayed of patients already
diagnosed with cancer, due to COVID-19 infection detected in the
patient, a family member, or a bone marrow donor. Conclusion: Fear from
the COVID-19 pandemic may result in delayed diagnosis and treatment of
children with cancer, which may carry a risk to dismal prognosis. It is
crucial that pediatricians and patients alike remember that other
diseases still prevail and must be thought of and treated in a timely
fashion.
Febrile Neutropenia: Current Practice Within the US Pediatric Population
Authors: Honor Heather , Girotto Jennifer
Published: March 2022

Empiric antibiotics have been proven efficacious in reducing mortality
in patients with febrile neutropenia (FN). However, most research does
not establish a time frame for appropriate cessation of antibiotics if
the patient lacks an actual infection. Guideline recommendations also
differ for discontinuing empiric therapy, either stopping based on time
or based on marrow recovery. Due to pediatric Acute Myeloid Leukemia and
Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia causing more severe marrow suppression than
most adult cancers, this patient population needs further research into
the management of their FN. Recruitment of participants occurred through
email-based off contacts from online pediatric pharmacist directories.
Participants were screened to ensure duplicate entries from the same
hospital were excluded. Analysis of results compared overall response
and region-specific trends. Sixty-three responses were collected, with
37 surveys included. Varying guidelines were used to create protocols at
hospitals, most commonly the Infectious Diseases Society of America’s FN
guideline at 78% of responses. Fifty-one percent of hospitals indicated
that neutrophil recovery was necessary to stop empiric antibiotics in
clinically stable pediatric FN cases. Twelve facilities did not require
neutrophil recovery, but instead relied upon hours of being afebrile,
ranging from 24-72 hours. The majority of hospitals also had
antimicrobial stewardship program involvement (67%). Variation
continues to exist regarding the duration of antimicrobial therapies for
pediatric FN, however, most hospitals utilize neutrophil recovery and
duration of being afebrile into their considerations. Further studies
are needed to determine optimal durations and what role stewardship
programs should have to help limit unnecessary durations of therapy.
Tremors Mimicking Atrial Flutter in an Elderly Lady
Authors: Ahmed Intisar , Shahab Hunaina , Khan Aamir
Published: March 2022

We present an interesting case where electrocardiogram (ECG) recording
in a patient with tremors mimics atrial flutter. A 77 -year-old south
Asian lady with history of hypertension and Parkinson‘s disease
presented to a tertiary care hospital in Pakistan with cough and fever.
On second day of admission she started having pleuritic chest pain,
Initial ECG was interpreted as atrial flutter. When her ECG was reviewed
by a cardiologist, several features questioned the diagnosis of atrial
flutter. A repeat 12 lead ECG clearly demonstrated normal sinus rhythm
and the patient remained completely asymptomatic throughout the hospital
stay. Tremor induced artifacts can be mistaken for arrhythmias. Correct
diagnosis is critically important, in order to avoid wrong treatment and
unnecessary interventions.
Analysis of Gold -- blood nanoparticles in a wavy tube in the presence of MHD and wall properties.
Authors: Iftikhar Naheeda , Sadaf Hina , rehman abdul
Published: March 2022

The current analytical examination supports nanofluids with peristaltic
flow motion in a confined length of non-uniform horizontal tube with an
endoscope using Buongiorno’s nanofluid model. The consideration based on
three geometries of Gold –blood MHD nanoparticles (sphere, cylinders
and blades) in addition to wall properties, thermal and velocity slip
affects. This model is studied for biomedical applications in various
fields. Equations and boundary conditions are modeled and formed in some
dimensionless control equations for the realistic study of the model.
Exact solutions with nanoparticle shape effects on temperature,
velocity, heat transfer and stream function expression are obtained.
Visual depiction for these solutions under the study of variation of
various parameters are demonstrated. Few observations illustrate that
platelet shape nanoparticles attain highest thermal conductivity.
Maximum and increasing behavior of temperature experienced for sphere
shape nanoparticles and for higher values of thermal slip parameter.
Increasing conduct of velocity profile is also seen for large values of
velocity slip parameter and sphere shape nanoparticles shows dominance
as compared to brick and platelet shape particles. Trapping phenomenon
is also discussed for the desirability of present study. Design of micro
peristaltic pump for the transport of nanofluids and drug delivery
system that offers various drug geometries are the main use of this
model.
An extension of Avery-Henderson fixed point theorem and its application
Authors: Zhang Wei , Liu Wenbin , Ni Jinbo
Published: March 2022

In this paper, we prove a new fixed point theorem on cone, which can be
regarded as a generalization of Avery-Henderson fixed point theorem.
With using the new fixed point theorem, the existence of three positive
solutions for a class of Hadamard-type fractional differential equation
with nonlocal boundary conditions on an infinite interval is obtained.
An example is constructed to illustrate the application of the main
results.
RUXOLITINIB AS A TREATMENT STRATEGY FOR SARS-CoV-2 PNEUMONIA: CLINICAL EXPERIENCE IN A REAL-WORLD SETTING
Authors: Ovilla-Martinez Roberto , Cota-Rangel Xochitl , Peña-Celaya Jose De La , Alvarado-Zepeda Mariana , Sastré Alejandro Jiménez , Forcelledo Humberto Azuara , Rodriguez Bernardino Ordoñez , Broca Juan Pulido , Jaimes Aaron Molina , Carvajal Alejandro Muñiz , García Maria Bahena , Canto Nidia Zapata , Ceballos Eduardo Cervera , Mendez Jorge García , Jímenez Omar García , Heredia Jesus Salas , Soto Javier Solis , Mendez Ruben Villalobos , Ibarra Gregorio Ignacio , Cruz Cindy Ledesma de la , Martinez Nora Araujo , Lara Jessi Juárez , Zuñiga Cecilio Ceballos , Pérez Felipe Villaseñor , Garcia Jose Herrera , Salazar Patricia Nuche , Paregrina Alfredo Dominguez , Bravo Bertha Arizpe , Figueroa Gabriela Enciso , Trujillo Teresita , Álvarez Adriana Miguel , Gallegos Diego García , Arroyo Alejandro Ortiz , Soto Claudia Solorzano , Ramírez Hiram Jaramillo , Hernández Ibis De la Cruz , Gante Martínez Sergio De , Gómez Guadalupe Montesinos , Velasco Silvia Martínez , Graullera Roberto García , López Miguel Vázquez , Ceniceros Victor Urbalejo , García Yolanda Lugo , Ávila Ana González , Rodriguez Jorge Duque , Luján Rodolfo Ruiz , Rivera Violeta Rodríguez , Ramírez Lucio Soberanes , Baez-Islas Pamela
Published: March 2022

Introduction: Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus
(SARS-CoV-2) infection is characterised by a viral phase and a severe
pro-inflammatory phase. The inhibition of the JAK/STAT pathway limits
the pro-inflammatory state in moderate to severe COVID-19 cases.
Methods: We analysed the data obtained for an observational cohort of
patients with SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia treated with ruxolitinib in 22
hospitals of Mexico. The dose used was determined based on physician’s
criteria. The benefit of ruxolitinib was evaluated using the 8-points
ordinal scale developed by the NIH in the ACTT1 trial. Duration of
hospital stay, changes in pro-inflammatory laboratory values, mortality,
and toxicity were also measured. Results: A total of 287 patients
administered ruxolitinib were reported at 22 sites in Mexico from March
to June 2020; 80.8% received 5 mg BID and 19.16% received 10 mg BID
ruxolitinib. At the beginning of treatment, 223 patients were on oxygen
support, 59 on invasive ventilation. The percentage of patients on
invasive ventilation was 53% in the 10 mg and 13% in the 5 mg cohort.
There was a statistically significant improvement measured as a
reduction by 2 points (initial 5.39 ± 0.93, final 3.67± 2.98, P value =
0.0001) on the 8-point ordinal scale. There were a total of 74 deaths.
Serious adverse events were presented in 6.9% of the patients.
Conclusion: Ruxolitinib appears to be safe in COVID-19 patients, with
clinical benefits observed in terms of decrease in the 8-point ordinal
scale and pro-inflammatory state. Further studies must be done to ensure
efficacy against mortality.
Airway remodeling and bronchodilator responses in asthma assessed by endobronchial optical coherence tomography
Authors: Su Zhu-Quan , Zhou Zi-Qing , Guan Wei-Jie , Chen Yu , Chen Xiao-Bo , Zhong Chang-Hao , Tang Chun-Li , Li shiyue , Zhong Nanshan
Published: March 2022

Background Understanding asthmatic airway structural changes and the
bronchodilator responses may help unravel targets for intervention.
However, structural abnormalities of asthmatic airways with different
disease severity and the major anatomical site of bronchodilator
responses have not been well elucidated. We aim to evaluate the airway
remodeling characteristics and the bronchodilator responses in
medium-sized and small airways of asthma. Methods We recruited 104
asthmatic patients and 31 non-smoking control subjects to compare the
airway inner area (Ai) and airway wall area percentage (Aw%) with
endobronchial optical coherence tomography. We also enrolled 32 patients
with moderate-to-severe asthma to dynamically assess the airway
morphological changes after salbutamol inhalation. Results More
prominent airway structural abnormalities correlated with greater asthma
severity, evidenced by the decreased Ai and greater Aw% in medium-sized
and small airways. Patients with mild asthma yielded comparable Ai but
greater Aw% than control subjects. Salbutamol inhalation led to a rapid
dilatation of both medium-sized and small airways, the lung function
improvement correlated significantly with the increase in Ai of the
medium-sized, but not small, airways at 15 min. Conclusion Luminal
narrowing and airway wall thickening of the medium-sized and small
airways are present in mild asthma and reflect asthma severity, lending
support to the use of anti-imflammatory intervention in mild asthma. The
medium-sized airways are the crucial site of the bronchodilator
responses, providing the scientific rationale for future development of
more effective delivery of inhaled medications for asthma.
Drug Prescribing Pattern Observed during Pharmacotherapy of Antibiotics in Medical Wards at Saidu Group of Teaching Hospital, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
Authors: Muhammad Wasim , khan Asaf , Khan Salman , Waseem Muhammad , Khan Haji
Published: March 2022

ABSTRACT Objectives: The leading purpose of this investigation is to
measure the excellence of drug treatment by likeable in the assessment
of data on drug prescribing, dispensing, administering and use of drugs
by patient. Material & Methods: The study was planned to be a
retrospective, assessing the prescribing design concerned about the
utilization of anti-biotic in the management of various infections,
throughout a period of two months January 2017 to February 2017
(approximately 60 days). The study was conducted at tertiary care
hospital in which the prescriptions of 200 patients from the medical
wards, were evaluated, in which 57 (28.5%) were females and 143
(71.5%) were males. Results: Mostly prescribed antibiotic were
ceftriaxone 105 (34.09%), amoxicillin/clavulanic acid 18 (5.84%),
moxifloxacin 35 (11.36%), metronidazole 55 (17.85%), azithromycin 7
(2.27%), sulbactam/cefoperazone 22 (7.14%), doxycycline 13 (4.22%),
ciprofloxacin 40 (12.98%), cefotaxime 5 (1.62%), and clarithromycin 3
(0.97%). Total number of drugs prescribed were 1643 in which the
average number of drugs encountered per prescription were 8.21, the
percentage of encounters with antibiotics were 308 (18.74%), the
percentage of encounter with injections were 897 (54.59%), the
percentage of drugs prescribed by generic name were 205 (12.47%), and
the percentage of drugs prescribed from EDL were 1367 (83.20%).
Conclusion: On the bases of our study, the pattern used at Saidu Group
of Teaching Hospital for the, prescription of antibiotics, injections,
generic concept and drugs from EDL shows deviation from the standards
guidelines of WHO.
The Association of Pre-Transplant Atrial Fibrillation with In-Hospital Outcomes in Patients Undergoing Orthotopic Liver Transplantation: A Propensity Score Matching Analysis
Authors: Dangl Michael , Grant Jelani , Vincent Louis , Ebner Bertrand , Maning Jennifer , Olorunfemi Odunayo , Olarte Neal , Zablah Gerardo , Sancassani Rhea , Colombo Rosario
Published: March 2022

In this study, we sought to evaluate the prevalence and association of
pre-transplant atrial fibrillation (AF) on 30-day postoperative outcomes
in patients undergoing orthotopic liver transplant (OLT). The National
Inpatient Sample Database was queried from 2011 to 2017 for relevant
ICD-9 and ICD-10 procedural and diagnostic codes. Baseline
characteristics and in-hospital outcomes were compared in patients who
underwent OLT with AF and those without. Among 45,357 patients who
underwent OLT, women made up 35.8 % of the overall population. The
prevalence of AF prior to transplant was 2932 (6.5%) with a trend
towards increasing prevalence, with an annual change rate of 4.19%.
Applying propensity score matching to control for potential confounding
factors, there was no association between pre-transplant AF and
in-hospital mortality in patients undergoing OLT, however, there was a
higher incidence of perioperative complications. Older age, the presence
of heart failure, and anemia were independently predictive of higher
mortality in patients with pre-transplant AF undergoing OLT. In patients
undergoing OLT, pre-transplant AF is increasing in prevalence and
appears to be associated with similar in-hospital mortality but worse
perioperative outcomes. Greater emphasis should be placed on AF in the
preoperative cardiovascular risk stratification of patients undergoing
OLT.
Cardioscopy-Assisted Removal of Intracavitary Left Ventricular Papillary Fibroelastoma
Authors: Harirah Omar , Jessen Michael , Waters John
Published: March 2022

A 72-year-old woman was incidentally discovered to have a left
ventricular mass during work-up for coronary artery bypass grafting
surgery. Cardiac MR revealed a 2-cm left ventricular intracavitary mass.
During concomitant coronary artery bypass grafting surgery, a 30-degree
laparoscope was placed through the left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT)
to visualize the mass. The mass was resected through the LVOT with a
combination of focused electrocautery and shears. Histopathologic
examination revealed a papillary fibroelastoma. Laparoscopic camera and
thoracoscopic instruments can be useful for resection of benign, mobile
intracavitary cardiac tumors.