bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Nā-kojā-Ābād
Authors: Niknafs Nasim
Published: June 2024

The founder of the Illuminationist (Ishraq) philosophy, Shihab al-Din al-Suhrawardi (1154–1191) ranks as one of the most prominent Persian philosophers. Suhrawardi’s command of logic and philosophy and his mastery of Sufi spirituality led him to develop his masterwork, the Philosophy of Illumination, where he laid his groundwork on the nature of knowing. In the current chapter, by explicating this philosophy in its original context and detailing some of its salient constructs, including the Imaginal World, Light of Lights, and Nā-kojā-Ābād (Place of No-where), the author posits that this philosophy has much to contribute to neglected ideas of trust, conviction, and self-recognition in the philosophy of music education. The author contends that bestowing trust, and guidelines to self-recognition to reach a place of serenity with music is the most significant element in the Illuminationist philosophy.
Historical, Philosophical, and Educational Thought and the Music of the Turks
Authors: Levendoğlu N. Oya , Jones Steven
Published: June 2024

The author presents the meşk tradition as the foremost method of memory transmission of the culture from the Ottoman Period through the contemporary world within a multi-dimensional perception, concentrating on music which is one of the fundamental elements of Turkish art containing a profound world of meanings in a meticulous philosophical and spiritual background. This chapter contains both theoretical and practical aspects. The philosophical background reveals that the spiritual perception is as important as the musical sound, described in the first section referring to Ottoman sources. The second section includes the results of applications aiming to revive the meşk tradition in which systematic and conscious revival in contemporary circumstances is a critical necessity for the young generation in their professional life and spiritual apprehension.
“Let’s Talk about Sex”
Authors: Schwartz Jessica A.
Published: June 2024

Women’s voices and spaces for talking and sharing their health concerns are of primary importance to the possibility of empowerment. Discussions about the body and sexuality, while often mapped onto female-assigned persons, have historically been treated as taboo. Without conversations around the bodymind, well-being, and sex, heteropatriarchal controls over women’s bodies persist. In the age of Trump and abortion bans, it is crucial for marginalized groups to reclaim their means of bodily and sexual empowerment. This chapter suggests that humor and other rhetorical and poetic compositional devices are important means of health-based subversion in the punk and rap feminist trios discussed. Humor is a helpful way to break down some of the fear, anxiety, and stigma surrounding women talking about (and) feeling, including touching, their bodies. This chapter affirms how the ear, as an idealized body part in which information supposedly penetrates, is constitutive in reclaiming women’s health.
Hebrews, the Catholic Epistles, and the “Parting of the Ways”
Authors: Jackson-McCabe Matt
Published: June 2024

This essay surveys Hebrews and the Catholic Epistles in the context of scholarly discussion of the “parting of the ways” between Judaism and Christianity in antiquity. Hebrews and the Catholic Epistles present significant challenges for historians interested in reconstructing the historical separation of Christianity from Judaism—a separation that was not merely a function of cultural values or social interaction, but most especially of taxonomic assertions about distinct group identities. Analysis of these disparate works illustrates the problems with making broad generalizations about some singular, historic “parting of the ways.” Hebrews aggressively strips ethnic identity from the scriptural traditions and cultic concepts of the Judeans, appropriating them for a transethnic people of God whose identity is based on claimed possession of a divine spirit rather than ethnic descent. While broadly similar approaches to identity seem to be at work in 1–2 Peter and 1–3 John, the partings with which these works are chiefly concerned are not with Jews or Judaism but with either “the Nations” from which their members have come or other, rival Jesus groups. The Letter of Jude, while obviously related to 2 Peter, is more ambiguous where matters of ethnicity are concerned. The Letter of James, finally, gives no indication that its cultivation of Judean scriptural tradition represents an appropriation either by or for a people defined over against ethnic Israel.
Hebrews, the Catholic Epistles, and Pauline Christianity
Authors: Dyer Bryan R.
Published: June 2024

The aim of this essay is to put Hebrews and the Catholic Epistles into conversation with Pauline Christianity. Questions of historical relationships, content, and form will be examined in connection with the letters of Paul and the sketch of his career provided by the Acts of the Apostles. Notwithstanding the methodological challenges, there is heuristic value in putting the Catholic Epistles into conversation with Pauline Christianity. The level of agreement among these texts is noteworthy, all the more so when one considers that they were produced in disparate locations and by members of a movement without centralized coordination and only a nascent sense of orthodoxy. All are concerned with the person of Jesus Christ, his messianic identity and lordship, and the communities that have emerged to worship him. Each of these texts understands Jesus Christ to be a continuation of the work of God as revealed through Israel’s sacred Scriptures. When read alongside Paul, Hebrews and the Catholic Epistles offer striking agreement in terms of their content but also their form. In some places, Paul may have set the theological agenda and vocabulary these later writers adopt. The communities addressed in these writings struggled with many of the same issues: a delayed parousia, false teachers, persecution, and the like. Yet Hebrews and the Catholic Epistles stand out in how they address different questions and offer different solutions, and when they are read alongside Paul, the signal contributions of these often neglected texts come into sharper relief.
The Reception of Hebrews in the Roman Catholic Tradition at the Council of Trent
Authors: Mitchell Alan C.
Published: June 2024

This essay considers the use of Hebrews in the deliberations at the Council of Trent (1545–63) in response to the theological challenges posed by the Protestant Reformers. The reception of Hebrews at the Council of Trent stressed the importance of the sermon in countering the Reformers on very important doctrinal issues. First, the numerous textual citations from Hebrews show its acceptance in the canon of Scripture as an authoritative voice to counter the teachings of the Reformers on particular issues like Original Sin, justification, the Eucharist, the sacrificial character of the Mass, and the distinction between external and internal priesthoods vis-à-vis the Reformers’ understanding of the priesthood of all believers. Second, the many appeals to Hebrews by the bishops and theologians of Trent place the sermon at the heart of the worship life of the Roman Catholic Church, the pastoral side of its reception in Catholicism joining the doctrinal side. This reception, however, is not without its problems, chief among which is the long-standing practice of interpreting Hebrews as evidence for supersessionism, the rejection and replacement of Judaism with Christianity. Fortunately, that changed with the promulgation of the decree Nostra Aetate, the Second Vatican Council’s “Declaration on the Church’s Relation to Non-Christian Religions,” in 1965.
Apocalyptic Traditions in the Catholic Epistles
Authors: Marcar Katie
Published: June 2024

This essay examines the influence of apocalyptic literature and the significance of apocalyptic themes in the Catholic Epistles. While none of the Catholic Epistles is an apocalypse by genre, they all manifest various apocalyptic themes. James reflects a synthesis of apocalyptic and wisdom traditions. The letter of 1 Peter is saturated with apocalyptic themes. This essay therefore selectively investigates the apocalyptic influence in three specific passages: 1 Pet 1:10–12, 3:18–22, and 4:1–6. Jude and 2 Peter, treated together, are deeply saturated in the world of Jewish apocalyptic literature, with Jude directly quoting from 1 Enoch. The essay briefly examines these connections, with particular attention to epistemology, otherworldly places and beings, and eschatology. Apocalyptic themes in the Johannine Epistles are investigated, with particular attention to how the themes of epistemology, cosmology, and eschatology are transmitted through the dualism of the letters.
Anonymity, Orthonymity, and Pseudonymity in Hebrews and the Catholic Letters
Authors: Baum Armin D.
Published: June 2024

This essay considers the dynamics of authorial attribution in early Christian letter writing, including anonymity, orthonymity, and pseudonymity, in the Catholic Letters. The authorial attributions in the Catholic Letters must be interpreted within a broader context. The corpus of the Apostolic Fathers also contains both named and anonymous letters. While the meaning of orthonymity is rather obvious and the meaning of pseudonymity has been investigated in depth, literary anonymity can be explained more precisely than in previous research. First, the anonymity of early Christian letters had a practical precondition. As Galen of Pergamon’s comments on his anonymous texts demonstrate, texts that were designed for students and friends did not need inscriptions with the author’s name since the intended readers knew who the author was. Likewise, personal relationships with their readers allowed the writers of Hebrews and the so-called Johannine Letters to write their texts anonymously. Second, the anonymity of early Christian letters had a programmatic purpose. This can be deduced from the concept of literary anonymity in ancient narratives, where it was much more common. The anonymous authors of the Catholic Epistles and Hebrews wanted to express that they were not the creators of their messages but only witnesses of what they had seen and heard and transmitters of the teaching of Jesus and his apostles.
Freeform Radio and the History of Music Streaming
Authors: Razlogova Elena
Published: June 2024

This chapter uses freeform radio history to critique the current media studies research agenda focused on streaming platforms at the expense of alternatives. It argues that the freeform radio format’s affinities with hacker culture drove technological innovation in the late 1980s and early 1990s, during the pre-web era of Bulletin Board Systems and Gopher sites. In this period, the freeform format thrived in nonprofit college radio, mixing emerging and historical music genres. The final part of the chapter analyzes telephone and online distribution experiments at WFMU, a freeform station at Upsala College, New Jersey. Its volunteer engineers and online services they set up were embedded in WFMU’s analog mutual-aid networks of New York art and music scenes, national zines, and international tape exchange routes. This history provides a model of solidarity and survival for alternative media, crucial for the centralized music streaming present.
Through the Wild Dark
Authors: Whitehead Gregory
Published: June 2024

Written from the perspective of a lifelong radiomaker, this chapter explores the poetic qualities latent within broadcast radio space as the raw material for radio art; a broadcast practice emerging from the audio cassette underground during a time of inverted utopia; radio listening as unstable spontaneity and free association; radio art as a sounded play of charged disclosure; the aesthetic implications of a fungal media ecology; Emily Dickinson’s envelope poems as prototypes for schizophonic textuality; and radio art as a practice of vulnerology, hearing evidence within a space of trauma and recuperation.
Sloppy Realism
Authors: Verma Neil
Published: June 2024

This chapter explores the use of field recording in radio and audio drama, arguing that nonstudio sound capture imparts an aesthetic of sloppy realism to a variety of productions. The chapter explores the use of this aesthetic from the 1930s to the early twenty-first century, arguing that although sloppy realism has been a marginal and difficult practice, it has proven persistent, in part because it has been a way for dramatists to “think” their medium through technique. The chapter then draws on interviews with thirteen practitioners using the method today, exploring what they see as its appeals: allowing creators to show inheritance as well as innovation, providing settings with mystique, prompting creative mic technique, making performances more physical, and embracing contingency. Ultimately, the revival of sloppy realism represents a way of figuring the liveness of old radio as a lingering “repressed other” in contemporary soundwork.
Podcast Journalism
Authors: Bird Dylan , Lindgren Mia
Published: June 2024

News podcasts are increasingly popular despite comprising a small proportion of existing podcasts. This intimate, emotive form of journalism reaches new audiences by experimenting with journalistic platforms, formats, and ways to tell stories. This chapter extends the work on narrative journalism by examining emerging conventions in podcast journalism, including the journalist’s role as self-reflexive storyteller. It aims to map a development of journalistic storytelling from radio to podcast journalism, highlighting the link between radio broadcasting’s past and its digital present. By focusing on two award-winning English-language podcast episodes from the United Kingdom and the United States, this work aims to illustrate how podcast journalism has transcended radio current affairs formats commonly used by public service broadcasters in past decades to embrace storytelling techniques from documentary traditions and immersive journalism. By theorizing concepts of intimacy and emotions in journalistic podcasts, the chapter contributes to the growing field studying affect in media.
The Daily Dose
Authors: Loviglio Jason
Published: June 2024

This chapter examines The Daily Dose, a Baltimore-based podcast that draws from local public radio’s coverage of an unfolding crisis in such a way as to suggest a model for the public and community functions of radio in the podcast format. The Daily Dose is an example of a wave of local public radio collaborations and innovations in response to several overlapping but distinct emerging contexts. In addition to addressing the pandemic public health crisis, these include responding to the chasms left by newspaper consolidation and disinvestment, diversifying the public that works in and is served by public media, and adapting to a media landscape perched between the competing regimes of analog and digital, immediate and curated, local and ubiquitous.
Reading and Assessing the Books of Kings Manuscripts from Qumran
Authors: Tigchelaar Eibert
Published: June 2024

The three fragmentary Kings manuscripts found at Qumran are materially, scribally, and textually quite different. The remains of 5Q2 suggest a professionally written, second-century BCE, large manuscript. Its preserved text is identical to that of the MT. The manuscript 4Q54, with some literary but also grammatically inferior variants, was a nonprofessional copy or an exercise penned by a less accomplished scribe on substandard writing material. This chapter presents a fresh reading and identification of many papyrus fragments of 6Q4, also written in a less professional manner, but with few errors. The fragments of 6Q4 attest multiple literary variants, some of which are found in other textual witnesses. The supposition of variants also helps identify fragments that do not correspond word for word to the MT. The evidence of 4Q54 and 6Q4 shows that there was still ample small-scale variation in Hebrew first-century BCE manuscripts of Kings.
Iron Age Inscriptions and the Books of Kings
Authors: Mandell Alice
Published: June 2024

Neo-Assyrian, Babylonian, Egyptian, and Northwest Semitic inscriptions shed light on Israel and Judah and their conquerors, rivals, and allies. Iron Age inscriptions offer alternative histories and speak to military and political engagements that are not mentioned in Kings. Such comparanda fill in the gap in the biblical texts regarding the spread and might of the Neo-Assyrian and Babylonian Empires, whereas linear, alphabetic texts give voice to Israel and Judah’s neighbors in the Levant. Inscriptions in Hebrew are central for scholarly reconstructions of the political and religious histories of this region. They are also important witnesses to the language varieties, literacy practices, and the scribal communities connected to the monarchies of Israel and Judah. Indeed, these materials offer a more complete portrait of the people who wrote 1–2 Kings.
The Reception of the Books of Kings in the New Testament
Authors: Rollens Sarah E.
Published: June 2024

This chapter explores how New Testament authors, such as Paul and the authors of the Gospels, engage with traditions from 1–2 Kings. It first considers the few examples in which 1–2 Kings is explicitly cited in the New Testament. Thereafter, the chapter turns to cases in which authors develop and expand the legacy of characters from Kings. These characters include Elijah, Solomon, and Jezebel. Finally, the chapter considers the pervasiveness of Deuteronomistic theology in the New Testament, which is obliquely indebted to 1–2 Kings and which becomes an important explanatory framework for earlier Christ followers to interpret their experiences of rejection.
Other Ancient Versions of the Books of Kings
Authors: Piquer Otero Andrés , Torijano Morales Pablo A.
Published: June 2024

Ancient versions of Kings may constitute an important witness either for the protomasoretic Hebrew text (Targum, Peshitta, Vulgate) or for the Greek text of the LXX (Vetus Latina, Coptic Ethiopic, Armenian, Georgian, Old Church Slavonic, Syro-Hexapla). They provide a better understanding of the textual and literary history of the books of Kings. Their testimony is especially important in the case of the versions of the LXX. In this respect, they offer a way to reach indirectly into an older and different Hebrew Vorlage than does the one attested in the protomasoretic Hebrew text. The agreement of Vetus Latina, Georgian, Armenian, and Coptic with Hebrew variants present in medieval Hebrew manuscripts supports the value of the versions.
The Reception of the Books of Kings in Ethiopia
Authors: Adankpo-Labadie Olivia
Published: June 2024

As early as the mid-fourth century, Ethiopia’s rulers adopted the Christian faith and encouraged its spread. Soon after the conversion, the Bible was translated in Geʿez or Ethiopic. The books of Kings were copied and commented on by monks and clerics. The most outstanding example of their reception of is the Kebra Nagaśt (Glory of Kings or Nobility of Kings). This work, considered the masterpiece of Ethiopian literature, is a complex narrative elaborated with biblical, parabiblical, and legendary materials. Its centerpiece is the passage from the books of Kings about the meeting of the Queen of Sheba and Solomon (1 Kgs 10:1–13), which has been greatly amplified and magnified. This chapter describes the translation process of the books of Kings, their place in the Ethiopic Bible, and their reception in Ethiopia from late antiquity to the present, focusing on the Kebra Nagaśt.
Reading against the Literary Matrix of Power and Privilege in Kings
Authors: Hens-Piazza Gina
Published: June 2024

First and Second Kings rivets readers’ attention on Israel’s royal rulers within a story of a presumed socio-historical hierarchy. However, such spotlighting of these monarchs often encourages readers to cooperate with a literary hierarchy, in which kings are deemed major characters and all other characters, especially the anonymous ones, exist solely in the interest of the royal sovereign and his tale. The consequence of such reading practices supports the caste system of the narrative. A more inclusive approach to reading Kings attends not only to these royal protagonists steeped in power and privilege but also to other characters who, if studied, may disclose exceptional virtue or steadfast courage or who may even qualify as a victim of unspeakable violence. Enlisting such an approach may shift readerly interest in or even cultivate a sensitivity to their counterparts in the reader’s own context.
The Language of the Books of Kings
Authors: Hare Laura
Published: June 2024

A major topic of discussion in recent scholarship on the books of Kings is whether the language of Kings can be used in tracing the diachronic development of Hebrew. This chapter provides a historical overview of the diachronic study of Hebrew and discusses how the language of Kings fits into the Classical Biblical Hebrew–Late Biblical Hebrew model. Another important area of research is the possible inclusion of northern dialects of Hebrew (Israelian Hebrew) in the parts of Kings that relate to the northern kingdom. A recent development in Kings research is the application of the methodologies of sociolinguistics to the synchronic study of Kings. This chapter provides a case study of the speech of Jezebel as an example of how sociolinguistic methodology may be applied to Kings to shed greater light on the meaning of the text and the author’s intentions.
Shared Texts with Isaiah and Jeremiah
Authors: de Waard Henk
Published: June 2024

This chapter discusses the Kings-Isaiah and Kings-Jeremiah parallel texts. The Hezekiah-Isaiah stories, found in 2 Kgs 18–20 and Isa 36–39, were introduced into Kings from a self-contained document and then adopted from Kings into Isaiah. Concerning the Kings-Jeremiah parallel texts, Jer 52, which describes the fall of Jerusalem and the release of King Jehoiachin, derived from 2 Kgs 24–25. Jeremiah 52 subsequently served as the source of the account of Jerusalem’s fall in Jer 39:1–10 (MT). In the case of the story of the governor Gedaliah, the direction of borrowing was from Jeremiah to Kings, the short version of the story in 2 Kgs 25:22–26 being an excerpt from the elaborate version in Jer 40–43. The Kings-Isaiah and Kings-Jeremiah parallel texts show how biblical authors and editors reused existing materials for their own purposes.
The Latin Fathers and Augustine
Authors: Ortiz Jared
Published: June 2024

This chapter discusses the contribution of the Latin Fathers to the theology of deification. The Latin Fathers did hold a theology of deification, something well known in the past and recovered again in recent scholarship. By examining the use of deific- terms through the early eighth century, integrating a range of Latin authors, and drawing on the rich liturgical literature, this chapter will demonstrate a kind of “grammar of deification” in the early Latin tradition. Special attention is given to participation in God, restoring the image, attaining the likeness, union with God, divine adoption or rebirth, the exchange formula, divine indwelling, and eschatological transformation, by considering the works of authors such as Tertullian, Cyprian, Ambrose, Jerome, and Leo the Great. However, most attention is given to St. Augustine, whose contribution to the theology of deification is considered within the context of his overall theology.
Cyril of Alexandria
Authors: Hofer Andrew
Published: June 2024

This chapter places Cyril of Alexandria (ca. 378–444) in the exposition of deification. Cyril uses 2 Peter 1:4 more than any other early theologian for the mystery of the Trinity’s transformation of human beings into “gods by grace.” His teaching on the appropriation of divine life interweaves considerations of key mysteries. These mysteries include the life of the Trinity, nature and grace in Adam and the Second Adam, and humans’ sacramental reception of divine life in Jesus Christ by the power of the Holy Spirit as an anticipation of the saints’ bodily resurrection in incorruptible glory. Cyril’s thought has exercised an extraordinary influence in inspiring and decrying theologies of deification.
St. Gregory Palamas and Palamism
Authors: Torrance Alexis
Published: June 2024

Gregory Palamas (1296–1357) is arguably among the most thoroughgoing theologians of deification in Christian history. This chapter provides an overview of the main contours of his thought on deification, together with its context in the Hesychast Controversy of the fourteenth century. It was chiefly through defending the life of the monastic hesychasts that Palamas laid out an expansive vision of the precise nature of human sanctification and deification. This initially involved clarifying the doctrine of the knowledge of God, the relationship between knowledge of the world and divine knowledge, and the participation of the body in deification. Through addressing such questions, Palamas’ famous teaching regarding deification by uncreated divine energy emerged. His position is summarized, together with that of several of his major defenders of the fourteenth century. Finally, the phenomenon of modern Palamism is touched on.
Nineteenth-Century Anglican and Catholic Thinkers
Authors: Aquino Frederick D.
Published: June 2024

This chapter focuses on deification in the principal theologians of the Oxford Movement in the Church of England, the German Catholic Matthias Joseph Scheeben, and William Porcher DuBose of the Episcopal Church in the United States of America. These writers differed in terms of the levels on which they employed and related the various markers of deification. Notwithstanding these differences, they affirmed that the economy of salvation is made possible by the Incarnation and is sustained by sacramental participation in the life of the Church. Some of the deification motifs and terms in these writings include divine adoption, children of God, divine sonship, union with God, divine indwelling, divine presence, deifica disciplina, partakers of (or participation in) the divine nature, recapitulation, justification, and sanctification. A crucial issue involves determining the extent to which these writers connected the relevant markers and developed a theologically integrative account of deification.
Recent Anglican and Protestant Theology
Authors: Habets Myk
Published: June 2024

Anglican and Protestant traditions are recipients of the ecumenical achievements of the twentieth century. This has borne fruit in the interest in doctrines of deification. Across denominational lines, doctrines of deification are being constructed in ways that remain faithful to the central defining dogmas and practices of each tradition. A new generation of scholars are now publishing significant works of constructive theology in which deification finds a central place. More work is yet to be done, and the ecumenical potential of deification is yet to be fully realized, but the signs are healthy. Lutheran, Reformed, Anglican, Wesleyan, Pentecostal, Baptist, and Anabaptist voices are brought to the fore in a survey of representative theologians of deification in these various Christian traditions since the middle of the twentieth century.
Contemporary Greek Orthodox Theologians
Authors: Kalaitzidis Pantelis
Published: June 2024

The chapter seeks to shed light on the various currents surrounding the issue of deification in contemporary Greek Orthodox theology and the implications of such a view on contemporary issues. In doing so, it explores the topic of theosis in the work of theologians such as Georgios Mantzaridis, Panayiotis Nellas, Fr. John Romanides, Christos Yannaras, Metropolitan John D. Zizioulas, Fr. Michail Kardamakis, Georgios Patronos, Stavros Yangazoglou, Theofilos Abatzidis, Fr. Nikolaos Loudovikos, Savas Agourides, Stylianos Papalexandropoulos, and Aristotle Papanikolaou. The chapter covers a long period starting from the “return to the Fathers” movement and the monastic revival in Mount Athos in the 1960s, which meant to popularize theosis, making it both an Orthodox identity marker and an integral part of Orthodox anti-Westernism, up to the present day, tracing certain aspects, and differentiations as well as the shift in its (theosis) understanding in the thought and work of modern Greek theologians.
The Synoptics and the Johannine Literature
Authors: Humphrey Edith M.
Published: June 2024

Since the terminology of “deification” is virtually absent from the New Testament, readers must look for associated ideas: seeing God, participating in God’s life, sharing God’s characteristics, and exhibiting divine glory. Glimpses of these are found in Mark, more in Luke-Acts, with its Ascension, and a considerable number in the gospel of Matthew, where the faithful are promised that they will “shine like the sun.” Further, the concept is given a strong foundation in the Johannine literature—the gospel, the epistles, and Revelation. In the last book of the New Testament, the holy city of Jerusalem possesses the glory of God. Rather than a mere return to the garden of the first couple, the end of Revelation shows that God’s very life is imparted to humanity in the union of the Bridegroom and the Bride.
Randomized Laboratory Study of Single-Dose Cannabis, Dronabinol, and Placebo in Patients With Schizophrenia and Cannabis Use Disorder
Authors: Brunette Mary F , Roth Robert M , Trask Christi , Khokhar Jibran Y , Ford James C , Park Soo Hwan , Hickey Sara M , Zeffiro Thomas , Xie Haiyi
Published: June 2024

Background and Hypothesis

Up to 43% of people with schizophrenia have a lifetime cannabis use disorder (CUD). Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) has been shown to exacerbate psychosis in a dose-dependent manner, but little research has assessed its effects on schizophrenia and co-occurring CUD (SCZ-CUD). In this double-dummy, placebo-controlled trial (total n = 130), we hypothesized that a modest dose of THC would worsen cognitive function but not psychosis.

Study Design

Effects of single-dose oral THC (15 mg dronabinol) or smoked 3.5% THC cigarettes vs placebo in SCZ-CUD or CUD-only on positive and negative symptoms of schizophrenia (only for SCZ-CUD), cognition, and drug experiences assessed several hours after drug administration. SCZ-only and healthy control participants were also assessed.

Study Results

Drug liking was higher in THC groups vs placebo. Neither smoked THC nor oral dronabinol predicted positive or negative symptom subscale scores 2 and 5 h, respectively, after drug exposure in SCZ-CUD participants. The oral dronabinol SCZ-CUD group, but not smoked THC SCZ-CUD group, performed worse than placebo on verbal learning (B = −9.89; 95% CI: −16.06, −3.18; P = .004) and attention (B = −0.61; 95% CI: −1.00, −0.23; P = .002). Every 10-point increment in serum THC + THCC ng/ml was associated with increased negative symptoms (0.40 points; 95% CI: 0.15, 0.65; P = .001; subscale ranges 7–49) and trends were observed for worse positive symptoms and performance in verbal learning, delayed recall, and working memory.

Conclusions

In people with SCZ-CUD, a modest single dose of oral THC was associated with worse cognitive functioning without symptom exacerbation several hours after administration, and a THC dose-response effect was seen for negative symptoms.
Nonhealing Surgical Wounds in a Patient with Plasminogen Deficiency Type 1 Successfully Treated with Intravenous Plasminogen: A Case Report
Authors: Decker Robert Wayne , Parker Joseph Mickler , Lorber Jeremy , Crea Roberto , Thibaudeau Karen
Published: June 2024

Intravenous plasminogen replacement therapy for patients with plasminogen deficiency type 1 (hypoplasminogenemia) was recently approved for marketing in the US. In this case report, the authors describe a 33-year-old man with hypoplasminogenemia who developed nonhealing postsurgical wounds following trauma to his right hand despite receiving standard treatment for 4 months. The patient was enrolled in a compassionate-use protocol with intravenous plasminogen replacement therapy and experienced prompt resolution of surgical wounds. He was the first human patient to receive replacement therapy with plasminogen, human-tvmh in the US and first to demonstrate cutaneous wound healing in addition to resolution of ligneous lesions attributable to plasminogen deficiency type 1.
Institution-level Patterns of Care for Early-stage Oropharynx Cancers in the United States
Authors: Janopaul-Naylor James R. , Liu Yuan , Cao Yichun , Schlafstein Ashley J. , Steuer Conor , Patel Mihir R. , Bates James E. , McDonald Mark W. , Stokes William A.
Published: June 2024

Objectives:

The adoption of transoral robotic surgery and shifting epidemiology in oropharyngeal squamous cell cancer have stimulated debate over upfront and adjuvant treatment. Institutional variation in practice patterns can be obscured in patient-level analyses. We aimed to characterize institutional patterns of care as well as identify potential associations between patterns of care and survival.

Methods:

This was a retrospective cohort study of patients identified from 2004-2015 in the National Cancer Database. We analyzed 42,803 cases of oropharyngeal squamous cell cancer Stage cT1-2N0-2bM0 (AJCC 7th edition) treated with curative intent surgery and/or radiotherapy. We defined facility-4-year periods to account for changing institutional practice patterns. The 42,803 patients were treated within 2578 facility-4-year periods. We assessed institutional practice patterns, including the ratio of upfront surgery to definitive radiotherapy, case volumes, use of adjuvant therapies (radiotherapy or chemoradiotherapy), and margin positivity rates. Survival associations with institutional practice patterns were estimated with Cox regression.

Results:

The ratio of upfront surgery to definitive radiotherapy ranged from 80-to-1 to 1-to-23. The institution-level median rate of adjuvant radiotherapy was 69% (IQR 50%-100%), adjuvant chemoradiotherapy was 44% (IQR 0%-67%), and margin-positive resection was 33% (IQR 0%-50%). On patient-level MVA, worse overall survival was not significantly associated with institutional case volume, adjuvant radiotherapy, or adjuvant chemoradiotherapy utilization.

Conclusions:

High rates of multimodal therapy and positive margins underscore the importance of multidisciplinary care and highlight variable patterns of care across institutions. Further work is warranted to explore indicators of high-quality care and to optimize adjuvant therapy in the HPV era.
Preoperative Expectations of Women Undergoing Breast Reconstruction Surgery
Authors: Schou-Bredal Inger , Moberg Ingvild Ona , Schou Simen Martin , Sætnan Elisabeth Valio , Fuglesteg Inger Karin , Tønseth Kim Alexander , Schlichting Ellen
Published: June 2024

Background:

The study investigated the expectations of patients undergoing immediate breast reconstruction after mastectomy, considering factors such as the cause for mastectomy (cancer versus prophylactic due BRCA1 or BRCA2 gene mutations), age, marital status, and education.

Methods:

The study had a cross-sectional design. Eligible patients at Oslo University Hospital received a link to the BREAST-Q Expectations questionnaire, which they filled out before surgery from 2019 to 2022.

Results:

One hundred forty-six patients completed the questionnaire (79.8% response rate). The mean age was 46.6 years, and the majority (95.1%) were undergoing reconstruction with implants. Most patients (86.9%) wanted to be involved in the decision-making. The highest expectation was for breast appearance and the lowest for sensation after surgery. Patients not diagnosed with cancer (n = 27) before surgery expected significantly more pain after surgery compared with patients diagnosed with cancer (P = 0.016). Patients 40 years or younger had higher expectation of pain after surgery than patients 41 years or older, 73.2 versus 54.2, P < 0.001, respectively. After 10 years, 26.7% of the patients expected that further reconstruction procedures might be necessary.

Conclusions:

Our study’s results regarding patient’s expectations with breast reconstruction, as assessed using the BREAST-Q Expectations module, align with previous research in terms of overall trends. However, our study provides a more nuanced understanding by exploring variations within different patient subgroups. These differences emphasize the need for personalized preoperative counseling and support to align patient’s expectations with realistic outcomes.
Long-Term Results of Sterile Corneal Allograft Ring Segments Implantation in Keratoconus Treatment
Authors: Keskin Perk Fatma Feyza Nur , Tanriverdi Cafer , Karaca Zeki Yigit , Tran Khoa D. , Kilic Aylin
Published: June 2024

Purpose:

To evaluate the efficacy and safety of sterile corneal allograft ring segments implantation for the treatment of keratoconus by analyzing long-term visual, refractive, and tomographic clinical outcomes.

Methods:

This prospective study included 62 eyes of 49 patients with keratoconus who underwent corneal allograft ring segments implantation at Istanbul Medipol University Faculty of Medicine between February 2020 and August 2022. Surgical outcomes using the Istanbul nomogram were evaluated in patients preoperatively and postoperatively at 1 month, 6 months, 1 year, and 3 years. Outcomes measured were uncorrected distance visual acuity (UDVA), corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA), spherical equivalent (SE), spherical refraction (SR), cylindrical refraction (CR), topographic keratometric values, and corneal thickness at the thinnest point.

Results:

Preoperative mean UDVA and CDVA (LogMAR) were 0.96 ± 0.50 and 0.72 ± 0.47, respectively, and increased to 0.41 ± 0.34 and 0.22 ± 0.19 at the last visit (P < 0.001). There was a significant decrease in SE, SR, and keratometric values postoperatively (P < 0.001). There was no difference in CR and thinnest corneal thickness values (P = 0.333 and 0.154, respectively). The stromal and epithelial thicknesses measured by anterior segment optical coherence tomography were stabilized at 6 months and 1 year, respectively. No major complications or side effects were observed intraoperatively or postoperatively.

Conclusions:

This study demonstrated that sterile corneal allograft ring segments implantation is a safe and feasible treatment for keratoconus, yielding notable long-term visual outcomes with minimal implant-related complications.
Alloreactive T cells temporarily increased in the peripheral blood of patients before liver allograft rejection
Authors: Tian Guangyao , Song Shifei , Zhi Yao , Qiu Wei , Chen Yuguo , Sun Xiaodong , Huang Heyu , Yu Ying , Jiao Wenyu , Li Mingqian , Lv Guoyue
Published: June 2024

T cells are key mediators of alloresponse during liver transplantation (LTx). However, the dynamics of donor-reactive T-cell clones in peripheral blood during a clinical T-cell–mediated rejection (TCMR) episode remain unknown. Here, we collected serial peripheral blood mononuclear cell samples spanning from pre-LTx to 1 year after LTx and available biopsies during the TCMR episodes from 26 rejecting patients, and serial peripheral blood mononuclear cell samples were collected from 96 nonrejectors. Immunophenotypic and repertoire analyses were integrated on T cells from rejectors, and they were longitudinally compared to nonrejected patients. Donor-reactive T-cell clone was identified and tracked by cross-matching with the mappable donor-reactive T-cell receptor repertoire of each donor-recipient pair in 9 rejectors and 5 nonrejectors. Before transplantation, the naive T-cell percentage and T-cell receptor repertoire diversity of rejectors was comparable to that of healthy control, but it was reduced in nonrejectors. After transplantation, the naïve T-cell percentages decreased, and T-cell receptor repertoires were skewed in rejectors; the phenomenon was not observed in nonrejectors. Alloreactive clones increased in proportion in the peripheral blood of rejectors before TCMR for weeks. The increase was accompanied by the naïve T-cell decline and memory T-cell increase and acquired an activated phenotype. Intragraft alloreactive clone tracking in pre-LTx and post-LTx peripheral blood mononuclear cell samples revealed that the pretransplant naïve T cells were significant contributors to the donor-reactive clones, and they temporarily increased in proportion and subsequently reduced in blood at the beginning of TCMR. Together, our findings offer an insight into the dynamic and origin of alloreactive T cells in clinical LTx TCMR cases and may facilitate disease prediction and management.
A mechanistic modelling approach of the host–microbiota interactions to investigate beneficial symbiotic resilience in the human gut
Authors: Haghebaert Marie , Laroche Béatrice , Sala Lorenzo , Mondot Stanislas , Doré Joël
Published: June 2024

The health and well-being of a host are deeply influenced by the interactions with its gut microbiota. Contrasted environmental conditions, such as diseases or dietary habits, play a pivotal role in modulating these interactions, impacting microbiota composition and functionality. Such conditions can also lead to transitions from beneficial to detrimental symbiosis, viewed as alternative stable states of the host–microbiota dialogue. This article introduces a novel mathematical model exploring host–microbiota interactions, integrating dynamics of the colonic epithelial crypt, microbial metabolic functions, inflammation sensitivity and colon flows in a transverse section. The model considers metabolic shifts in epithelial cells based on butyrate and hydrogen sulfide concentrations, innate immune pattern recognition receptor activation, microbial oxygen tolerance and the impact of antimicrobial peptides on the microbiota. Using the model, we demonstrated that a high-protein, low-fibre diet exacerbates detrimental interactions and compromises beneficial symbiotic resilience, underscoring a destabilizing effect towards an unhealthy state. Moreover, the proposed model provides essential insights into oxygen levels, fibre and protein breakdown, and basic mechanisms of innate immunity in the colon and offers a crucial understanding of factors influencing the colon environment.
Mrakia polaris sp. nov. and Mrakia amundsenii sp. nov. (Mrakiaceae, Cystofilobasidiales), two novel psychrophilic yeast species isolated from Arctic habitats
Authors: Zhu Yuwen , Feng Jianju , Zhang Yuqin , Yu Liyan , Zhang Tao
Published: June 2024

Four yeast strains belonging to the basidiomycetous yeast genus Mrakia were isolated from diverse habitats in the Ny-Ålesund region (Svalbard, High Arctic): two from vascular plants, one from seawater and one from freshwater. Phylogenetic analysis, based on the ITS region and the D1/D2 domain of the 28S rRNA gene, identified these four strains as representing two novel species within the genus Mrakia. The names Mrakia polaris sp. nov. (MycoBank number: MB 852063) and Mrakia amundsenii sp. nov. (MycoBank number: MB 852064) are proposed. These two new species show distinct psychrophilic adaptations, as they exhibit optimal growth at temperatures between 10 and 15°C, while being unable to grow at 25°C. The holotype of M. polaris sp. nov. is CPCC 300345T, and the holotype of M. amundsenii sp. nov. is CPCC 300572T.
Effects of quorum sensing–interfering agents, including macrolides and furanone C-30, and an efflux pump inhibitor on nitrosative stress sensitivity in Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Authors: Suzuki Shin , Morita Yuji , Ishige Shota , Kai Kiyohiro , Kawasaki Kenji , Matsushita Kazuyuki , Ogura Kohei , Miyoshi-Akiyama† Tohru , Shimizu Takeshi
Published: June 2024

Graphical Abstract

­
Fission yeast Caprin protein is required for efficient heterochromatin establishment
Authors: Zhang Haidao , Kapitonova Ekaterina , Orrego Adriana , Spanos Christos , Strachan Joanna , Bayne Elizabeth H.
Published: June 2024

Heterochromatin is a key feature of eukaryotic genomes that serves important regulatory and structural roles in regions such as centromeres. In fission yeast, maintenance of existing heterochromatic domains relies on positive feedback loops involving histone methylation and non-coding RNAs. However, requirements forde novoestablishment of heterochromatin are less well understood. Here, through a cross-based assay we have identified a novel factor influencing the efficiency of heterochromatin establishment. We determine that the previously uncharacterised protein is an ortholog of human Caprin1, an RNA-binding protein linked to stress granule formation. We confirm that the fission yeast ortholog, here named Cpn1, also associates with stress granules, and we uncover evidence of interplay between heterochromatin integrity and ribonucleoprotein (RNP) granule formation, with heterochromatin mutants showing reduced granule formation in the presence of stress, but increased granule formation in the absence of stress. We link this to regulation of non-coding heterochromatic transcripts, since in heterochromatin-deficient cells, absence of Cpn1 leads to hyperaccumulation of centromeric RNAs at centromeres. Together, our findings unveil a novel link between RNP homeostasis and heterochromatin assembly, and implicate Cpn1 and associated factors in facilitating efficient heterochromatin establishment by enabling removal of excess transcripts that would otherwise impair assembly processes.
Discovering and early predicting popularity evolution patterns of social media emergency information
Authors: Yuan Delin , Li Yang
Published: June 2024

Purpose

When emergencies occur, the attention of the public towards emergency information on social media in a specific time period forms the emergency information popularity evolution patterns. The purpose of this study is to discover the popularity evolution patterns of social media emergency information and make early predictions.

Design/methodology/approach

We collected the data related to the COVID-19 epidemic on the Sina Weibo platform and applied the K-Shape clustering algorithm to identify five distinct patterns of emergency information popularity evolution patterns. These patterns include strong twin peaks, weak twin peaks, short-lived single peak, slow-to-warm-up single peak and slow-to-decay single peak. Oriented toward early monitoring and warning, we developed a comprehensive characteristic system that incorporates publisher features, information features and early features. In the early features, data measurements are taken within a 1-h time window after the release of emergency information. Considering real-time response and analysis speed, we employed classical machine learning methods to predict the relevant patterns. Multiple classification models were trained and evaluated for this purpose.

Findings

The combined prediction results of the best prediction model and random forest (RF) demonstrate impressive performance, with precision, recall and F1-score reaching 88%. Moreover, the F1 value for each pattern prediction surpasses 87%. The results of the feature importance analysis show that the early features contribute the most to the pattern prediction, followed by the information features and publisher features. Among them, the release time in the information features exhibits the most substantial contribution to the prediction outcome.

Originality/value

This study reveals the phenomena and special patterns of growth and decline, appearance and disappearance of social media emergency information popularity from the time dimension and identifies the patterns of social media emergency information popularity evolution. Meanwhile, early prediction of related patterns is made to explore the role factors behind them. These findings contribute to the formulation of social media emergency information release strategies, online public opinion guidance and risk monitoring.