bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Características y seguimiento de sujetos en ventilación mecánica en una unidad de cuidados intensivos pediátricos de la provincia de Buenos Aires
Authors: Andrada Facundo , Wasinger Elizabeth , Ponce Gonzalo , Vargas Melina , Romano Francisco , Bello Clara , Cesario Hernán , Telayna Santiago , Titolo Anibal , Darritchon Agustina , Driussi Florencia , Vargas Magalí
Published: November 2022

Objetivo: Describir las características y evolución de los sujetos en ventilación mecánica invasiva (VMI) en una Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos Pediátricos (UCIP).

Materiales y método: Estudio observacional, descriptivo y retrospectivo. Se recolectaron los datos de las historias clínicas digitales desde abril de 2016 a septiembre de 2017. Se incluyeron sujetos menores de 16 años internados en la UCIP que requirieron VMI. Se excluyeron sujetos traqueostomizados previo a la internación.

Resultados: Fueron analizados 167 sujetos con una mediana de edad de 12 meses, rango intercuartílico (RIQ) 5 - 48. De ellos, 67 (40,1%) ingresaron posterior a una cirugía cardiovascular, y 25 (15%) lo hicieron por presentar falla respiratoria aguda. Fueron reintubados 7 (4,3%) y 36 (21,6%) utilizaron ventilación no invasiva (VNI) posextubación. De las extubaciones, 12 (7,2%) fueron realizadas por la noche, de las cuales 3 (25%) requirieron VNI y ninguna necesitó reintubación. 

Conclusión: Se observó un predominio de sujetos cursando un posquirúrgico cardiovascular o falla respiratoria aguda, con un bajo porcentaje tanto de reintubación a las 48 hs como de fallo de VNI. Este trabajo podría ser el puntapié inicial para futuros trabajos prospectivos.
Programación y uso del asistente mecánico de la tos en pediatría
Authors: Gómez Soledad
Published: November 2022

El asistente mecánico de la tos (AMT) es un dispositivo que aplica gradualmente presión positiva a las vías respiratorias, seguida por un cambio rápido a presión negativa, facilitando una tos eficaz. Está especialmente indicado en aquellos sujetos que, por el compromiso de la musculatura respiratoria, son incapaces de efectuar un pico flujo tosido (PFT) suficiente, imprescindible para eliminar adecuadamente las secreciones. Puede aplicarse a través de una máscara facial, una pipeta bucal o directamente en la cánula de traqueostomía. Estudios en niños/as con patología neuromuscular han demostrado que el dispositivo es seguro y bien tolerado, provoca un aumento del PFT, disminuye los tiempos de la terapia respiratoria, facilita la extubación y reduce la frecuencia de las exacerbaciones o eventos agudos recurrentes. Es cada vez más frecuente la indicación y utilización del AMT, por lo que es fundamental conocer sus características, indicaciones y programación para su aplicación en la población pediátrica.
Colocación de la prótesis en personas con amputación transfemoral
Authors: Sanchez Correa Cecilia Mariel
Published: November 2022

Las personas con amputación transfemoral refieren gran dificultad para colocarse la prótesis, lo que conduce al abandono de su uso. Si la prótesis no se coloca diariamente, el muñón cambia de tamaño y deja de entrar en el socket, provocando el fracaso del tratamiento y pudiendo afectar negativamente el bienestar físico, mental y emocional del paciente. Es importante que el kinesiólogo/a tenga conocimientos de la correcta colocación de la prótesis para poder educar al paciente en su independencia, ya que la misma debe colocarse todos los días del modo más perfecto posible, para evitar un dolor adicional al sujeto. Por lo tanto, el objetivo de este paso a paso es describir el procedimiento para la colocación de una prótesis en personas con amputación transfemoral.
On Being Patient (with Kant, Kierkegaard, and Levinas)
Authors: Davies Paul ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: November 2022

Patience has generally been regarded as a virtue, but it has proved very difficult to say why it should be so. A phenomenology of patience quickly turns into ambiguity and confusion, and it does so in a way that seems to hinder any straightforward ethical evaluation of the term. Kant suggests that patience’s moral status can only be recognized if it is supplemented by a less problematic virtue such as, say, courage. Kierkegaard in contrast keeps the focus on patience itself but argues that to do so we need a radical change in our conceptions of time and the self. With those changes in place, however, we can re-evaluate patience as an end rather than a means to an end. Levinas’s cryptic remarks on patience and passivity can seem to cohere with this Kierkegaardian move. But by reading them in the context of his accounts of aging, the passing of time, and the despite oneself (malgré soi), this paper will argue that their real significance lies elsewhere. Even Kierkegaard’s patience relies on a distinction between a bad or problematically passive patience and a good patience. Levinas consistently, and especially in Otherwise than Being, draws our attention back to that excessive, non-redeemable, and “absolute” passivity.
Tecnopolítica e educação: roubo, vigilância e modulação
Authors: Aspis Renata Pereira Lima
Published: November 2022

Este artigo tem como objetivo geral trazer algumas questões e conceitos, que não são especificamente do campo da educação, para problematizar a presente adesão das universidades públicas brasileiras às plataformas digitais pertencentes às grandes corporações norte americanas. O artigo percorre o caminho da análise e da crítica ao funcionamento dos mecanismos de roubo de dados, vigilância e manipulação das subjetividades dos usuários das tecnologias digitais de comunicação e informação em redes cibernéticas, explicitando-os e assim conduzindo às urgentes questões referentes à possibilidade de pensamento autônomo hoje. O pensamento é entendido não apenas como ações de análise e crítica, mas também, seguindo Deleuze, concebendo-o como criação. A conclusão é a da premente necessidade de que primeiramente se reconheça o problema de captura da vida, operada pelas grandes corporações de tecnologia digital do norte global. E em consequência disso, que se sinta a exigência de movimento de criação de formas de resistência à investida de destituição da soberania das universidades públicas brasileiras sobre a criação de conhecimento ali realizada, por meio do roubo e controle dos seus dados.
Assessment of Health Behaviors of Patients with Hepatitis C
Authors: Sierpińska Lidia Elbieta
Published: November 2022

Objectives: In Poland, 1.9% of the population is infected with the hepatitis C virus (HCV). About 70%- 80% of the infected patients develop chronic hepatitis. The higher the level of health-promoting behaviors a person infected with HCV has, the higher their quality of life. The aim
of this study was to assess health behaviors of patients with hepatitis C and determine the relationship with selected social and demographic characteristics. Methods: This survey study included 220 patients infected with HCV and used the Health Behavior Inventory (HBI), and an author-constructed
questionnaire.Results: Overall, 40.5% of respondents reported average health behaviors (5-6 stens), with 30.9% low (1-4 stens), and 28.6% high (7-10 stens). The highest mean value was observed for 3 HBI categories: prophylactic behaviors (3.4±0.7), positive psychological attitude (3.4±0.6),
and health practices (3.4±0.7). The lowest value related to few health-promoting behaviors concerned positive eating habits (3.3±0.7).Conclusions: Patients diagnosed with chronic hepatitis C presented an average level of health behavior. Significant differences in health behavior
were noted by sex, age, marital status, and employment status. These patients should be provided with health education, especially regarding high-level nutrition.
Comparison of methods of DNA extraction from herbarium specimens of little-pod false flax (Camelina microcarpa Andrz. Ex Dc.)
Authors: Sakharova V. H. , Blume R. Ya. , Rabokon A. M. , Pirko Ya. V. , Blume Ya. B.
Published: November 2022

Aim. The aim of this research was to compare the efficiency of DNA isolation methods from herbarium specimens of Camelina microcarpa Andrz. Ex DC., further modification of these methods to increase DNA yield, and determine the method that would provide the best yield of isolated DNA. Methods. Modifications of the DNA isolation methods using the DNeasy Plant Mini Kit (QIAgen) and the CTAB method were used. PCR was performed using degenerate primers for method of β-tubulin intron length polymorphism (TBP). Amplicons were fractionated in polyacrylamide gel followed by visualization by silver nitrate staining. Results. DNA was successfully extracted from C. microcarpa herbarium specimens sampled with leaf parts and seeds, using the modified by CTAB method, and four modified methods using DNeasy Plant Mini Kit (QIAgen). Conclusions. The study revealed that the most effective method tested was the DNeasy Plant Mini Kit (QIAgen) No. 2. Prolongation of the cell lysis stage had the best effect on the increase of DNA yield. We found that the success of DNA isolation was influenced not so much by the age of the herbarium specimen as by the methods of drying and storing the plants in the collection.
Growth stimulating activity of avermectin-containing preparations on tomato lines in vitro
Authors: Buziashvili A. Yu. , Brylenko H. S. , Yemets A. I.
Published: November 2022

Aim. Obtaining of the tomato lines of cvs. Money Maker and Lahidny in the presence of polyfunctional preparations Avercom and Avercom Nova and cytological analysis of their influence on tomato root cells. Methods. Cotyledons of 10–11-day-old tomato seedlings were cultivated on MST medium for 1–3 months in the presence of 1 mg/l zeatin, 1 mg/l indole-acetic acid and 25 µl/l of Avercom or Avercom Nova. Then, regenerated lines were grown on MST medium supplemented with biopreparations for 1 month. The roots of tomato plants were fixed in the solution of ethanol and glacial acetic acid (3:1), stained in 1 % acetoorseine solution and investigated at x600 magnification. Results. In this work, the tomato lines were obtained and grown in the presence of biopreparations Avercom or Avercom Nova. It was shown that mitotic index (MI) in the root meristematic cells of the plants grown in the presence of biopreparations was at 0.76–1.23 %, and it was higher than in the control plants (0.65–0.9 %). Moreover, the thickened cell walls of root cells of plants grown in the presence of biopreparations was detected compared to control plants. Conclusions. Tomato plants grown in the presence of biopreparations Avercom or  Avercom Nova are characterized not only by the increased MI of  meristematic cells but also by the thickened cell walls of root cells which indicate the growth stimulating effects of biopreparations and their capacity to enhance the resistance of plants to stressful factors.
Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of spring camelina with yeast genes of trehalose biosynthesis
Authors: Kvasko A. Yu. , Lazarets A. S. , Isayenkov S. V. , Yemets A. I.
Published: November 2022

Aim. The aim of the study was the obtaining of Camelina sativa (L.) Crantz lines with yeast genes of trehalose synthesis TPS1 and TPS2 to increase their resistance to drought. Methods. Seeds of C. sativa genotype FEORZhYaF-1 were used for in vitro culture establishment. For this hypocotyl segments and shoot meristems of 5-days-old camelina seedlings were cultivated on three different nutrient media for regeneration supplemented with various hormone combinations. Vector constructions pGWB2-TPS1 and pGWB2-TPS2 with TPS1 and TPS2 genes have been used for genetic transformation. Results. The highest efficiency of plant regeneration from hypocotyl explants was found on medium supplemented with 1 mg/l BAP and 0.1 mg/l NAA, and from meristem explants – on medium with 1.5 mg/l BAP and 0.5 mg/l NAA. Agrobacterium-mediated transformation was conducted out, and camelina lines were picked up on corresponding medium with selective concentration of hygromycin. Transgenic nature of obtained plants was confirmed by PCR-analysis. Conclusions. The efficiency of in vitro plant regeneration of C. sativa genotype FEORZhYaF-1 has been investigated. Two types of explants and two vector constructions pGWB2-TPS1 and pGWB2-TPS2 with TPS1 and TPS2 yeast trehalose synthesis genes have been used for obtaining of transgenic camelina lines.
Agrobacterium-mediated transformation – method of genetic modification of Triticum aestivum L. plants
Authors: Komisarenko A. G. , Mykhalska S. I. , Kurchii V. M.
Published: November 2022

Aim. Investigate the effect of Agrobacterium-mediated transformation in planta on seed tying and the frequency of transformation in winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). To analyze changes in the level of free L-proline (Pro) in transformed and control seedlings under normal / stress conditions and productivity indicators of biotechnological plants (T1) under normal growing conditions. Methods. Agrobacterium-mediated transformation in planta; PCR analysis, DNA electrophoresis; determination of seed tying frequency and transformation, Pro content, yield structure indicators. Results. Obtained transgenic wheat plants. The level of Pro in the tested variants under normal / stress conditions and indicators of T1 productivity of plants and their initial form under optimal water supply were studied. Conclusions. The susceptibility of the studied wheat genotypes to agrobacterial infection is shown. The frequency of seed tying after genetic transformation was 12.7 % and 5.4 % for plants of UK 106/19 and UK 171/19h, respectively. Transgenic seedlings had elevated levels of Pro. Complete incorporation of the vector construct was identified in 14 and 11 variants of genotypes UK 161/19 and UK 171/19h, respectively. Control and T1 biotechnological plants under normal growing conditions had similar yields.
Physiological, biochemical and economic characteristics of transgenic winter wheat plants with RNA suppressor of the proline dehydrogenase gene
Authors: Slyvka L. V. , Dubrovna O. V.
Published: November 2022

Aim. To analyze the physiological, biochemical and economic characteristics of genetically modified plants of new promising genotypes of winter bread wheat of seed generation T2 with a double-stranded RNA suppressor of the proline dehydrogenase gene. Methods. Agrobacterium-mediated transformation in vitro; biochemical determination of proline dehydrogenase enzyme activity and free proline content; morphometric indicators and elements of crop structure; mathematical statistics. Results. It is shown that transgenic plants, in contrast to control, grow on a medium with mannitol more intensely, retaining a green color. It was found that both under normal conditions and under conditions of water deficiency, plants of seed generation T2 have an increased level of free Proline in the leaves compared to control genotypes. It was found that transformants are characterized by reduced activity of the enzyme proline dehydrogenase, which is manifested by changes in normal – stress – normal conditions. Transgenic T2 plants had a higher tolerance to water deficiency compared to the original, which was reflected in the nature of their growth. In conditions of soil moisture deficiency, the yield of most transformed lines was higher compared to untransformed plants. Conclusions. The results suggest that the use of a vector construct with a double-stranded RNA suppressor of the ProDH gene is effective for creating transgenic winter bread wheat plants with increased tolerance to water deficiency.
Phytophages and mycobiots of white mistletoe
Authors: Bilonozhko Yu. O. , Krupodorova T. A. , Topchii T. V. , Rabokon A. M. , Postovoitova A. S. , Kalafat L. O. , Pryvalikhin S. M. , Pirko Ya. V.
Published: November 2022

Aim. The aim of the study was to investigate the natural antagonists of white mistletoe (Viscum album L.), which may affect the number and speed of spread of this species. Methods. The plant material of  V. album, collected in urban plantations of Kyiv, was used in the study. The research was conducted mainly in park zones and urban plantations of Podilskyi district. Samples of affected white mistletoe were collected by the route method during 2019-2021. Plant material was also inspected during the sanitary cutting of utilities. Results. Different species of vertebrates and invertebrates, fungi, lichens and bacteria that form close ecological links with V. album were analyzed. It has been established that several species of fungi can parasitize on V. album, showing a fairly high level of specialization. Hyperparasitic disease has also been reported. Conclusions. A list of species associated with white mistletoe was identified and the possibility of their use in the development of biological methods to control the semi-parasite was assessed.
Current state and perspectives of false flax (Camelina sativa) cultivation in Ukraine
Authors: Blume R. Ya.
Published: November 2022

Aim. The aim of this research was to determine the current state of genetic resources of camelina (Camelina sativa) available in Ukraine, and to assess the prospects of its breeding and cultivation. Methods. A comprehensive review of available research was conducted, as well as resources containing data on cultivation scale of camelina and the availability of its genetic resources were assessed. Results. It was found that majority of the existing varieties of spring camelina appear to be close genetically related, while currently there are no winter camelina varieties in Ukraine. It has been established that insignificant scale of camelina cultivation in Ukraine may be associated with low productivity of existing genotypes. Prospects of double-cropping of camelina with other agricultural plants are considered, and also the main approaches for further camelina breeding are drawn. Conclusions. Breeding of camelina winter forms possess a great interest, as they have higher productivity and are better suited for rotations with other crops, common in Ukraine, including oilseeds such as sunflower. It was found that further camelina breeding will require the involvement of new genetic resources to overcome the limited genetic diversity among existing varieties.
The peculiarities of plant breeding and drought-resistance mechanisms
Authors: Kovbasenko R. V. , Dmitriev A. P. , Polyakovsky S. A.
Published: November 2022

Aim. To propose a plan of cellular selection of tomato plants for resistance to drought with the use of selective factor is manit. Methods. The object of study was the tomato variety Svitanok. Work with cell culture in vitro, aseptic seed germination, microclonal reproduction, callusogenesis and initiation of morphogenesis were performed according to known methods. Results. The influence of peroxidase in the stimulation of protective mechanisms has been established and the role of phytohormones in these processes has been revealed. It was found that when using stepwise selection of tomato cell culture in vitro, samples of TTP-1 and TTP-2, tolerant to salinity, were selected and worked on. The effect of peroxidase on the growth of plant resistance during foliar treatment with signaling molecules is also shown. Conclusions. It has been shown that signaling molecules are actively involved in the antioxidant protection of plants under stress caused by air and soil drought. The signaling molecules we use have a protective effect under stress: specialty characteristic is a very active part in the recovery process after the adverse effects of various factors. The increase in the activity of the antioxidant enzyme peroxidase also contributes to the activation of the systemic resistance of tomato plants against high temperatures.
Common wheat genotypes with null-alleles at gliadin loci
Authors: Kozub N. O. , Sozinov I. O. , Bidnyk H. Ya. , Demianova N. A. , Sozinova O. I. , Karelov A. V. , Spivak S. I. , Blume Ya. B.
Published: November 2022

Aim. The study was aimed at identification and selection of winter common wheat genotypes with null-alleles at the gliadin loci Gli-B1 and Gli-D1. Methods. The search for spontaneous mutants with the absence of synthesis of gliadin blocks was made in winter common wheat hybrid material and cultivars. To identify mutations, APAG electrophoresis and SDS-electrophoresis of seed storage proteins were performed. Results. The frequency of spontaneous mutations resulting in the null-allele at the loci Gli-B1 and Gli-D1 in F2 was 0,1 % and 0,05 %, respectively, in the cross Odesska chervonokolosa × B-16. Via sowing the material with those mutations and marker selection, F6 lines were developed: the line OB-Bnull with the null-allele at the Gli-B1 locus and the line OB-Dnull with the null-allele at the Gli-D1 locus. Another line with the null-allele at Gli-B1 was produced from the cross B3 × D4 by marker selection, as well as a biotype with the null-allele at the Gli-D1 locus was selected from the cultivar Slaven. Conclusions. The developed lines with null-alleles at the gliadin locus Gli-B1 (without omega-5 gliadins) and Gli-D1 (without omega-1,2 gliadins) are initial material for hypoallergenic wheat breeding.
Bacillus subtilis strain producer preparation with increased accumulation of riboflavin
Authors: Radchenko M. M. , Andriiash H. S. , Beiko N. Y. , Tigunova O. O. , Shulga S. M.
Published: November 2022

Aim. The increasing of riboflavin accumulation by chemical mutagenesis of Bacillus subtilis IMB B-7797 strain producer was the aim of this work. Methods. We used the method of treating the strain producer with a chemical mutagen N-methyl-N-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine to achieve this goal and followed by culturing the resulting clone and determining the accumulation of riboflavin. Results. B. subtilis IFBG NTG2 mutant strain producer which differed in morphological characteristics (color, size, colony shape) and riboflavin accumulation from the original culture as a result of chemical mutagen action on B. subtilis IMB B-7797 was obtained. Conclusions. B. subtilis IFBG NTG2 mutant strain  producer as a result of action on B. subtilis IMB B-7797 by chemical mutagen and which differed in morphological features (color, size, colony shape) and riboflavin accumulation from the original culture. was obtained, B. subtilis IFBG NTG2 strain producer, which produced riboflavin amount of 14.8 g/dm3, which is 9% more than produced by the original B. subtilis IMB B-7797 strain producer was obtained by chemical mutagenesis. B. subtilis IFBG NTG2 strain produser is further proposed for use in industrial technology of riboflavin and creation of  a recombinant strain produser for synthesis of riboflavin.
Strong photosensitivity level doesn’t limit selection for high yield in winter bread wheat
Authors: Stelmakh A. F. , Fait V. I. , Litvinenko M. A.
Published: November 2022

Aim. The aim is to test the validity of home breeders assumption that strong photosensitivity in winter bread wheat limits the possibility of breeding improvement for productivity. Methods. Estimation of photosensitivity levels in modern high-yielding foreign cultivars (mainly from Western Europe) and in the set of F5 hybrids with photosensitivity diversity, which were selected only for relatively high yields. Results. Among the modern high-yielding foreign cultivars recommended for cultivation in Ukraine, carriers of strong photosensitivity have been identified with a significantly high frequency (up to 33.3 ± 0.75 %). In contrast, almost all modern Ukrainian cultivars are weakly photosensitive. When selecting in Odessa environment only the best-yielding families and lines from hybrid combinations, in which parents clearly differed in photosensitivity levels, F5 did not show a shift towards reducing the frequency of highly photosensitive phenotypes. It was statistically consistent with random variation without selection. Conclusions. High photosensitivity does not limit the efforts of breeders to improve the productivity potential of winter bread wheat. And for certain growing regions of this crop, it can be a factor in better environmental adaptability to get a real yield.
Features of the preservation of rye genotypes in model conditions
Authors: Zadorozhna O. A. , Yehorov D. K.
Published: November 2022

Aim. The aim of the work was to establish the impact of rye seed storage in model conditions at seed moisture content of 5–7 % on germination indicators, productivity elements and plant height. Methods. The material for the research were seeds of rye accessions of different genotypes. The seeds used in the experiment were grown in the experimental fields of the Institute of Plant Production naned after V. Ya. Yuriev of NAAS (PPI), located in the northern forest-steppe of Ukraine. Laboratory germination was assessed according to the International Seed Testing Associations. Seeds after storage were sown in the experimental field of PPI during the growing seasons 2015/2016, 2016/2017, 2017/2018 in order to assess the elements of plant productivity. Indicators of temperature and precipitation of the period of seed growing have been recorded. Statistical processing of the obtained data was performed by standard methods using Excel. Results. It was found that after 12 months of storage of seeds of different genotypes in model conditions, significant changes in germination were observed only in isolated cases. After storing the seeds for 18 months, a significant reduction in germination was observed for all samples. Conclusions. Seeds of rye accessions with different genotypes in model conditions have different longevity. No significant benefits of seed moisture in the range of 5–7 % for its longevity. No significant stable impact of model storage conditions of experimental accessions of rye on plant height and elements of the structure of productivity in the year of research.
The role of different stem segments in the deposition of water-soluble carbohydrates in winter wheat varieties under drought conditions
Authors: Tarasiuk M. V. , Stasik O. O. , Priadkina G. O. , Konovalov D. V.
Published: November 2022

Aim. Evaluation of the role of different internodes and leaf sheaths of winter wheat stem in storage and remobilization of reserve water-soluble carbohydrates (WSC) under natural water deficit in order to develop effective criteria for selection of high-yielding genotypes. Methods. The specific content and total amount of WSC at the onset and the end of grain filling and the quantity of WSC remobilized in different parts of the stem were determined. Results. It was found that the main part of reserve WSC in plants of modern winter wheat varieties was accumulated and mobilized in the 2nd, 3rd and 4-5th (counting from above) internodes, the contribution of peduncle and leaf sheaths was much smaller. The highest WSC depositing capacity of all stem segments were found in the high-yielding variety Kyivska 17 and the lowest one in the less productive variety Poradnytsia. Conclusions. The values of accumulation and remobilization of WSC in the 2nd and 3rd from the top internodes can characterize the storage capacity of the stem and be used to assess the relationships with grain productivity in the breeding winter wheat in arid conditions.
Biogeochemical activity of different phinotypes of Trifolium repens L. to some heavy metals
Authors: Torianyk V. M. , Mironets L. P. , Radko O. V.
Published: November 2022

Aim. Investigate the general ability of different phenotypes of Trifolium repens L. according to the pattern of white marking on a leaf to the concentration of mobile forms of iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn). Methods. Determination of Fe, Mn, Cu and Zn content in Trifolium repens L. in soil and leaves was performed by atomic absorption method using ICP-AES analyzer. Collection of leaves and selection of soil samples for research was carried out in 2021 during the period of mass flowering of Trifolium repens L. from randomized areas of pasture. Identification of drawings of white marking on a leaf  was carried out according to the method of I. T. Paponova and P. Ya. Schwartzman, using the tables of J. L. Briubecker. To characterize the biogenic migration of Fe, Mn, Cu and Zn and biogeochemical features of different phenotypes of Trifolium repens L. used methods developed by I. A Avessalomova. Results. In the sample of leaves of Trifolium repens L. from pasture 5 phenotypes (O, A, AH, BH, С) were found, the genotypes of which are formed by a series of 6 alleles of the V gene. The most common was the phenotype BH, the smallest was the share of the phenotype AH. The highest total ability to concentrate the mobile forms of Fe, Mn, Cu and Zn was found by phenotype BH, the lowest – phenotype A. Conclusions. Phenotypes O, A, AH, BH, С differ in biogeochemical activity in terms of the concentration of mobile forms of Fe, Mn, Cu and Zn. According to the general ability to accumulate these elements, these phenotypes form the following descending order: BH >O >С >AH >A.
Nigerian Monetary Policy (1991-2021): Money Supply Rate and Inflation Rate
Authors: Paschal U. Offor , Kevin T. Amadi , Uzoma F. Ibeaja
Published: November 2022

Monetary policy can be so dicey or delicate that it requires great tact from the monetary authority. Contractionary monetary policy, when pushed too far, drags the economy to recession while` extreme expansionary monetary policy sinks the economy to liquidity trap. Central banks are in charge and are expected to favorably run the monetary policy by adjusting interest rates, influencing local lending rates, buying foreign currency, printing money, and use of other tools to modulate currency exchange rates, manage inflation, etcetera, with a sole target of creating a healthy economy. This study looks into the effect of money supply rate, exchange rate and interest rate on inflation rate in Nigerian economy between 1991 and 2021. With secondary data, the variables are found to be of mixed order of integration and, therefore, the ARDL model is our parameter estimator. Our model is found to be stable and our empirical investigation reveals that both money supply rate and interest rate in Nigeria have no significant effect on Nigeria’s inflation rate while exchange `rate has a significant inverse effect on Nigeria’s inflation rate – the less favorable the exchange rate, the more biting the inflation. The study is wrapped up `with a recommendation that Nigerian government/authorities should rise up to occasion of fixing the insecurity challenges of the nation so as to create safe environment that can attract local investments as well as foreign direct investments which, among other benefits, will be favorable to Nigeria in exchange rate.
Utilization of Fishbone for Non-Food Products
Authors: Junianto . , Anggraeni Fitri , Kurnia Naura Nazhifa , Shadrina Imtiyaz Nur , Zahara Rizka , Agung Anans , Triana Devi Alifa
Published: November 2022

Fishbones contain compounds that are very useful so it is important to be extracted or processed into a product. The more useful the product is for human needs, the more valuable it will be. This article aims to review the use of fishbones into non-food products. Based on the results of a review of published articles, fishbones can be used for non-food products. These non-food products are organic fertilizers, gelatin to be applied to non-food products, hydroxyapatite, glues or adhesives, accessories and lotions or skin moisturizers.
Impact of Time Factor on Wall Motion Abnormalities in Patients with STEMI and Underwent Primary PCI
Authors: Khraba Ahmed Hamouda , Alarag Ahmed Farouk , Elsaidy Mona Adel , Kassem Hanan Kamel
Published: November 2022

Background: Left ventricular (LV) dysfunction is the single most accurate predictor of death and one of the most common and lethal consequences after ST segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) that has been substantially decreased by primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). This research investigated the impact of duration of ischemia on the severity and improvement of wall motion abnormalities after revascularization and 40-day follow-up.

Methods: This study was performed on 60 STEMI patients, treated with 1ry PCI and distributed in two groups; group1: 37 patients presented early before 12h and group II: 23 patients presented late after 12h. Echocardiogram (ECHO) was done for ejection fraction (EF) and resting segmental wall motion abnormalities (RSWMA) detection after revascularization within 24 h of hospitalization and follow up after 40 days.

Results: MI complication showed insignificant difference between both groups. Wall motion score index (WMSI) values in group I were significantly decreased relative to group II during the follow-up period (p=0.001). Major improvement in LV ejection fraction from hospital admission to follow-up (p=0.001) in group I from the beginning of chest pain compared to group II. Correlation between time to wire crossing and WMSI showed significant positive correlation after 40 days in group I (p=0.016) with significant negative correlation with EF after 40 days in group I (p=0.018).

Conclusions: Ischemic patients with ≤ 12 hours symptoms showed a significant degree of recovery from RWMA on follow up after 40 days.
Effect of Cooking on Physicochemical and Microstructural Properties of Chicken Breast Meat
Authors: Alugwu Samson Ugochukwu , Okonkwo Thomas M. , Ngadi Michael O.
Published: November 2022

The effect of cooking on pH, juiciness, instrumental colour and microstructural properties of chicken breast meat was investigated. Industrial skinless chicken breast meat samples were purchased, frozen and sliced into dimensions , thawed and cooked by air frying (AF), baking (BK), deep fat frying (DF) and grilling (GR) at  170, 180 and 1900C for 0, 4, 8, 12 and 16 min. The pH value of the cooked samples increased from 6.05 to 6.25. Cooking methods, temperatures and times each resulted to increase in pH. The results of objective sensory instrumental analyses showed that cooking decreased significantly (p < 0.05) juiciness of cooked chicken breast meat. Samples cooked by BK had the highest juiciness value of 24.91%, while DF cooked samples had the least value of 13.89%.The instrumental analyses increased L*, a*, b* values and browning index. The temperature and time of cooking showed similar effects on juiciness and instrumental colour. Short cooking time (8 min) and 1700C resulted in higher juiciness and best appetizing appearance to the consumers. The microstructure studies showed that raw chicken breast meat had an intact muscle fibres and bundles, but cooking caused disintegration of muscle fibres, perimysial – collagen shrinkage and it resulted to drier samples with big cracks/ voids and big surface damages, particularly in AF, BK and GR cooked products at 1900C for 8 min.
Correlation and Path Coefficiant Analysis for Quantitative Traits in Greengram [Vigna radiate (L.) Wilczek]
Authors: Shakeer Shaik , Lal Gabriyal M. , Varma Vallala Chanukya , Saikumar Shanmukha
Published: November 2022

Genetic variability, correlation coefficient and path coefficients analysis were carried outin a set of 20 genotypes of Greengram grown in an randomized block design with three replications during kharif- 2021. Analysis of variance indicated significant difference among genotypes for the characters plant height (cm), biological yield(g), seed index(g), number of clusters per plant, days to 50 percent flowering. This indicated existence of variability among the genotype.The high estimates of heritability and genetic advance were found for the characters plant height, number of primary branches per plant. The highest percentage of PCV was observed for number of primary branches per plant and number of pods per plant. The GCV was highest for number of primary branches per plant. The association analysis revealed that the seed yield per plant exhibited positive and significant correlation with number of clusters per plant, seed index, biological yield, number of primary branches, pod length, harvest index and number of pods per plant. Path coefficient analysis revealed that number of clusters per plant followed by seed index (g), biological yield, primary branches, pod length, harvest index, number of seeds per pod, number of pods per plant were effective for the selection of high yielding genotype as they exhibited high positive direct effect along with significant positive correlation with seed yield. Based on the mean performance of the SML-668, PANT MOONG-05, BPMR-145, CO-7, BM 2002-1 were found superior in seed yield. These may be used as parents in crop improvement programs to develop high yielding varieties.
Wind Energy Resource Utilization: A Review of Its Necessity, Interception Technology and Implementation Challenges
Authors: Ibrahim H. I. , Ibrahim A. G. , Eichie J. O. , Ige Bori
Published: November 2022

The continuous use of non-renewable energy sources has caused a lot of harm to the earth’s atmosphere and humans. The need to increase the share of renewable energy in global energy usage has been strongly advocated internationally. In this work, wind energy was presented as a viable renewable energy option. Renewable energy with emphasis on wind energy, wind turbines and its types, the need for it to replace other injurious energy sources and the associated challenges hampering its deployment is a contribution toward the UN advocacy. The potential of wind energy and their technologies in terms of the turbine types: Horizontal Axis Wind Turbines (HAWT) and Vertical Axis Wind Turbines (VAWT) including their mix were reviewed. Looking at the pros and cons of both the HAWT and the VAWT, and those of Savonius and Darrieus, it is imperative to strike a balance using their combinations. Such a hybrid offers the benefit of harnessing the gains on either side of the divide.  This is the reason attention is being devoted to research and development on combined VAWT in order to optimize the low starting torque of a Savonius with the high-performance coefficient of the Darrieus as the efficiency of VAWT increases when combined together with diverse modifications.  With the volume of on-going research targeted at the implementation challenges and various design considerations and practices to solve the problems, it is certain that these impediments will be tackled technologically and policy wise and society will be on its way to better utilization of enormous wind energy resources via interception using wind turbines. The technical challenges on the pathway towards the smooth implementation of wind energy technologies were identified to include output fluctuations and intermittencies; and to which solutions were proffered to include the need for a technology to always align and realign the blade position in a way as to maximally interact with the current prevailing wind direction and another to reinforce the rotors rotational speed with an appropriate speed required to meet up the rated output. It was recommended that attention be devoted to research and development on the combined vertical axis wind turbine (VAWT) in order to optimize the high starting torque of the Savonius turbine with the high-performance coefficient of the Darrieus turbine.
Obtaining Pedestrian Interest Regions Using Experimental Methods
Authors: Zhang Bo , Liu Denghui
Published: November 2022

In pedestrian simulation, using the region of interest of pedestrians can solve the problem of data redundancy and complexity and lack of representation in the pedestrian saccade range, and establish an efficient pedestrian collision avoidance behavior model. The real-time eye movement data of unidirectional and bidirectional pedestrian flow were collected by eye tracker, and the mathematical models of pedestrian flow density, radius and angle of each region of interest were established. Analyzing the experimental data, it is found that the range of pedestrian interest region is affected by pedestrian density. The angle of the pedestrian interest region is generally not more than 90°, and the radius of the high-interest region and the low-interest region are negatively correlated with the pedestrian density. When the pedestrian density reaches a certain degree, the radius of the high-interest region and the low-interest region approach the fixed value respectively.
The longitudinal relation between violence exposure in daily life, hostile automatic thoughts, and cyber‐aggression
Authors: Zhu Wenfeng , Sun Lindan , Lu Dongxue , Li Chenxing , Tian Xue
Published: November 2022

Cyber‐aggression is a serious social problem worldwide. Its risks have been frequently explored, and violence exposure in daily life has been regarded as an important risk factor of cyber‐aggression. However, the longitudinal association between violence exposure in daily life and cyber‐aggression has not yet been examined, and the mechanisms underlying the link between violence exposure and cyber‐aggression remain largely unclear. Based on the General Aggression Model and Script Theory, we explored the circular relation between violence exposure in daily life, hostile automatic thoughts, and cyber‐aggression. The current study adopted a longitudinal design to address these issues among 941 college students. The results indicated violence exposure in daily life predicted hostile automatic thoughts and cyber‐aggression 6 months later; hostile automatic thoughts predicted violence exposure and cyber‐aggression 6 months later; and cyber‐aggression predicted hostile automatic thoughts and violence exposure 6 months later. Moreover, each of them plays a mediating role in the association between the other two variables. These results support and expand the General Aggression Model and Script Theory that violence exposure, aggressive cognition, and aggression facilitate each other. This also provides theoretical guidance on reducing cyber‐aggression in daily life.
Contrast thresholds for detection of various iodine concentrations in subtraction CT and dual‐energy CT systems
Authors: Heshmat Anahita , Barreto Izabella , Rill Lynn , Liu Sitong , Patel Romin , Arreola Manuel
Published: November 2022

Objective

To estimate the minimum iodine concentrations detectable in simulated vessels of various diameters for both subtraction computed tomography (CT) and dual‐energy CT systems.

Methods

Fillable tubes (diameters: 1, 3, and 5 mm) were filled with a variety of iodine concentrations (range: 0–20 mg/ml), placed in the center of 28‐mm cylindrical rods and surrounded with water. Rods with and without fillable tubes were placed in a 20‐cm cylindrical solid‐water phantom to simulate administration of iodine in blood vessels. The phantom was scanned with clinical subtraction CT (SCT) and dual‐energy CT (DECT) head protocols to assess the detection of minimum iodine concentrations in both systems. The SCT and DECT images were evaluated quantitatively with a MATLAB script to extract regions of interest (ROIs) of each simulated vessel. ROI measurements were used to calculate the limit of detectability (LOD) and signal‐to‐noise ratio of Rose criteria for the assessment of the contrast thresholds.

Results

Both SNRRose and LOD methods agreed and determined the minimum detectable iodine concentration to be 0.4 mg/ml in the 5‐mm diameter vessel for SCT. However, the minimum detectable concentration in the 5‐mm vessel with DECT was 1 mg/ml. The 3‐mm vessel had a minimum detectable concentration of 0.8 mg/ml for SCT and 2 mg/ml for DECT. Lastly, the minimum detectable iodine concentration for the 1‐mm vessel was 10 mg/ml for SCT and 10 mg/ml for DECT.

Conclusion

In this phantom study, SCT showed the capability to detect lower iodine concentrations compared to DECT. Contrast thresholds varied for vessels of different diameters and the smaller vessels required a higher iodine concentration for detection. Based on this knowledge, radiologists can modify their protocols to increase contrast enhancement.
The anterior nucleus of the thalamus plays a role in the epileptic network
Authors: Yan Hao , Wang Xueyuan , Yu Tao , Ni Duanyu , Qiao Liang , Zhang Xiaohua , Xu Cuiping , Shu Wei , Wang Yuping , Ren Liankun
Published: November 2022

Objectives

We investigated both the metabolic differences and interictal/ictal discharges of the anterior nucleus of the thalamus (ANT) in patients with epilepsy to clarify the relationship between the ANT and the epileptic network.

Methods

Nineteen patients with drug‐resistant epilepsy who underwent stereoelectroencephalography were studied. Metabolic differences in ANT were analyzed using [18F] fluorodeoxyglucose–positron emission tomography with three‐dimensional (3D) visual and quantitative analyses. Interictal and ictal discharges in the ANT were analyzed using visual and time‐frequency analyses. The relationship between interictal discharge and metabolic differences was analyzed.

Results

We found that patients with temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) showed significant metabolic differences in bilateral ANT compared with extratemporal lobe epilepsy in 3D visual and quantitative analyses. Four types of interictal activities were recorded from the ANT: spike, high‐frequency oscillation (HFO), slow‐wave, and α‐rhythmic activity. Spike and HFO waveforms were recorded mainly in patients with TLE. Two spike patterns were recorded: synchronous and independent. In 83.3% of patients, ANT was involved during seizures. Three seizure onset types of ANT were recorded: low‐voltage fast activity, rhythmic spikes, and theta band discharge. The time interval of seizure onset between the seizure onset zone and ANT showed two patterns: immediate and delayed.

Interpretation

ANT can receive either interictal discharges or ictal discharges which propagate from the epileptogenic zones. Independent epileptic discharges can also be recorded from the ANT in some patients. Metabolic anomalies and epileptic discharges in the ANT indicate that the ANT plays a role in the epileptic network in most patients with epilepsy, especially TLE.
Theoretical and Experimental Investigation of Barrier‐Energy‐Dependent Charge Injection Mechanisms in Organic Photodetectors
Authors: Jang Woongsik , Nguyen Thuc‐Quyen , Wang Dong Hwan
Published: November 2022

Charge injection is known as the major source of dark current under an applied reverse bias, which directly influences the performance of organic photodetectors with diode architecture. However, it is unclear which of various contributions, such as electron flow through the junction, shunt leakage, thermionic emission, and tunnelling, are dominant. This study investigates the thermionic emission and tunneling models to describe the origin of experimentally measured dark current generated in an organic photodetector. To elucidate the dominant mechanism, the barrier energies at anodic contacts are set from 0.6 to 1.0 eV using photosensitive layers composed of different acceptors. A linear relation is found between the natural logarithm of the dark current density under reverse bias and the square root of the barrier height, which strongly suggests direct tunneling as dominant mechanism for dark current injection. This conclusion is strengthened by temperature dependent dark current analysis. Further knowledge of the dominant mechanism by charge injection can help devise an effective strategy to suppress dark current for effective organic photodetector device implementation.