bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Consumption of edible flowers in South Africa: nutritional benefits, stakeholders' views, policy and practice implications
Authors: Pieterse Elaine , Millan Elena , Schönfeldt Hettie C.
Published: November 2022

Purpose

Edible flowers have traditionally been consumed for their nutritional and medicinal properties. Aponogeton distachyos is an aquatic flowering plant native to the Western Cape of South Africa (SA) that used to be a wild plant gathered during the winter months, but it is now considered to be underutilised and endangered. This study aims at gaining insights from different stakeholders into the activities across the plant value chain and their impact on the consumption of Aponogeton distachyos.

Design/methodology/approach

The study methodology involved the identification of different stakeholders in the plant value chain and conducting qualitative in-depth interviews during the data collection. Twelve study participants were selected via purposive sampling and interviewed using semi-structured interviews (face-to-face, telephone and online).

Findings

Nostalgic connection of the flower with local culture and heritage and its unique taste and flavour are key consumption drivers. Promotional and educational efforts by food advocates and at public events help raise consumer awareness, which is generally lacking. Limited geographic and seasonal availability, perishability, price and quality issues emerged, together with low awareness, as main barriers to more frequent and geographically spread consumption.

Originality/value

Although wild edible flowers have been consumed for centuries, there has been little attention to their nutritional value and journey to their final consumers. The present study identifies important challenges emanating at different stages of the food value chain to consumption of one particular neglected and underutilised plant, with certain implications for people's dietary quality, environmental sustainability and biodiversity of natural resources beyond Aponogeton distachyos and SA.

Highlights

(1)Aponogeton distachyos is a neglected and underutilised aquatic flowering plant native to the Western Cape of South Africa (SA). (2)The plant offers benefits related to people's dietary quality, environmental sustainability and biodiversity of natural resources. (3)Flower's nostalgic connection with local culture and heritage emerge as a key consumption driver. (4)Its unique taste and flavour highly appeal to consumers. (5)Low awareness, limited availability, price and quality are main consumption barriers. (6)There is largely unexploited public policy potential for supporting dietary diversity through growing edible flowers.
Value adding in venture capital as a mesh of practices
Authors: Almubarak Norah , Dimov Dimo
Published: November 2022

Purpose

This paper aims to adopt a practice-theory, “site ontology” perspective to understand how venture capitalists (VCs) add value to their portfolio companies (PCs).

Design/methodology/approach

The empirical research involves a field ethnographic study of a VC firm in Dubai, focused on revealing what constitutes value and what VCs do to add this value to their PCs.

Findings

Value adding is a profoundly social, embedded process interconnected with other ecosystem actors, investment practices and organizations. The value adding threads of VC activity are part of a holistic configuration of practices that span the investment lifecycle and different levels within the firm.

Originality/value

This research contributes a rich account of the social, symbolic nature of VC activity, depicting the everyday activities that comprise value adding practices. It is among the first to introduce practice theory to the VC context and open up a new conversation about its social ontology.
Leading whole-class discussions: from participating in a lesson study to teaching practice
Authors: Gomes Paula , Quaresma Marisa , da Ponte João Pedro
Published: November 2022

Purpose

This article aims to analyse how a teacher leads whole-class discussions during and after participating in lesson studies and to what extent that participation influences her teaching practice.

Design/methodology/approach

This is a qualitative/interpretative research with a case study design, carried out with a secondary school mathematics teacher who participated in two lesson studies. Data were collected from participant observation, audio recording of lesson study (LS) sessions and discussions with the teacher, video recording of lessons and semi-structured interviews. Frameworks regarding the teachers' actions are used in the analysis.

Findings

The results suggest that in her teaching practice, the teacher led students to explain their strategies with supporting/guiding actions, but she also challenged the students to justify their productions, ensuring that the students' ideas were clear. Additionally, the teacher explored incorrect strategies and disagreements, inviting and challenging other students to intervene or react and involved students in drawing connections, as discussed in the LS. Therefore, the teacher put into practice several actions teachers can do in leading whole-class discussions to promote students' learning. Participating in LS was an opportunity to rethink her teaching practice, as the teacher pointed out, bringing her a new perspective on leading discussions in which students play an active role in learning mathematics, creating opportunities for the students to explain and react to their colleagues' ideas.

Originality/value

This article examines an under-researched issue: the influence of LS on the way a teacher leads whole-class discussions, during and after participating in lesson studies.
Vigour and exhaustion for employees working from home: the mediating role of need for structure satisfaction
Authors: Alok Swati , Kumar Navya , Banerjee Sudatta
Published: November 2022

Purpose

COVID-19 placed millions of employees under work-from-home/telework. Employers intend extending telework for the long-term, anticipating business benefits. But the benefits are impacted by employees' well-being/ill-being, which is affected by the satisfaction of psychological needs. In turn, need satisfaction is influenced by employees' personal/job attributes. As work-from-home's blended environment disrupts routines, the satisfaction of the psychological need for structure or routines was examined in this study, along with the effect of personal/job attributes.

Design/methodology/approach

Cross-section primary data were collected from 500 teleworking information technology employees from India and analysed using partial least squares structural equation modelling. Vigour and exhaustion represented well-being and ill-being. Telework self-efficacy, standardised job, technology assistance and supervisor social support were the determinants or personal/job attributes. Need for structure satisfaction was the mediator.

Findings

Telework self-efficacy, technology assistance and supervisor social support were positively associated with structure satisfaction. In turn, structure satisfaction was related positively with vigour and negatively with exhaustion, and thus mediated between personal/job attributes and vigour/exhaustion. Standardised job did not affect vigour, exhaustion or structure satisfaction.

Originality/value

Need for structure is mostly studied as a trait, with implications of greater/lesser preference for structure examined. However, this work acknowledges structure as a basic ubiquitous need. Everyone needs some structure. Hence, need for structure is researched from the novel perspective of its satisfaction. This paper also uniquely combines job demands–resources model which identifies personal/job attributes, with concepts of epistemic which posit the need for structure.
Islamic wealth management: ensuring the prosperity of Muslim households of MSMEs during Covid-19
Authors: Nurasyiah Aas , Syamputri Dhealika , Al Adawiyah Rumaisah Azizah , Mahri A. Jajang Warya , Ismail Abdul Ghafar
Published: November 2022

Purpose

This paper aims to get an overview and determine the effect of the level of application of Islamic wealth management (IWM) and the level of business continuity of Muslim owners in influencing the level of household prosperity of Muslim micro, small and medium enterprise (MSME) owners during the Covid-19 pandemic.

Design/methodology/approach

The method of hypothesis testing is carried out through a quantitative approach. The type of analysis tool used is partial least square-structural equation modeling. The sample used is 212 Muslim MSME owners in Indonesia.

Findings

The results showed that the level of application of IWM, the level of business sustainability and the level of household prosperity of Muslim MSME owners were in the high category. All variables in this study showed positive and significant results.

Research limitations/implications

The research conducted is still limited to households that act as MSME actors, so the respondents who are in it are still not diverse. Also, limited research tools and pandemic conditions led to filling out questionnaires based on respondents’ subjective views and difficulty asking questions when questions were not understood.

Originality/value

This research provides new insights focusing on the relationship between the variable level of application of IWM in influencing the welfare level of Muslim households who have MSMEs, where there is a role for the level of business sustainability as a mediator variable.
An alternative approach to detect earnings management to meet or beat benchmarks
Authors: Degiannakis Stavros , Giannopoulos George , Ibrahim Salma , Jørgensen Bjørn N.
Published: November 2022

Purpose

The authors propose an alternative robust technique to test for discontinuities in distributions and provide consistent evidence of discontinuities around zero for both scaled and unscaled earnings levels and changes. The advantage of the proposed test is that it does not rely on arbitrary choice of bin width choices.

Design/methodology/approach

To evaluate the power of the test, the authors examine the density function of non-discretionary earnings and detect no evidence of discontinuities around zero in levels and changes of these non-discretionary earnings. As robustness, the authors use pre-managed earnings excluding accrual and real manipulation and find similar evidence.

Findings

The finding using our technique support the Burgstahler and Dichev (1997) interpretation on earnings management, even for smaller sample sizes and reject the theory that discontinuities arise from scaling and sampling methods.

Originality/value

The study provides an overview of those studies that support and those that oppose using “testing for discontinuities” as a way to examine earnings management. The authors advance the literature by providing an alternative methodology supporting the view that the kink in the distribution represents earnings management.
Seeds of demand-side legitimacy: when do existing companies procure from B2B startups?
Authors: Batra Safal , Gupta Vishal K. , Sharma Sunil , Yadav Rahul
Published: November 2022

Purpose

The purpose of this study is to investigate potential lenders of legitimacy for business-to-business (B2B) startups as reflected in the willingness of potential customers to do business with startup firms. This study theorizes the role of familiarity with B2B startups, their founding teams and their product offerings in influencing perceptions about legitimacy among potential customers.

Design/methodology/approach

Data are collected from key decision-makers involved in B2B procurements in large Indian companies and analyzed using conjoint analysis.

Findings

Results suggest that familiarity with product/service offerings from B2B startups is the most salient factor in forming favorable assessments for the venture, followed by the awareness of the startups and their founding teams, in that order.

Practical implications

The research makes several contributions to understanding the legitimacy of B2B startups from the customers’ perspective. The study provides a nuanced view of the factors impinging on legitimacy. The conceptualization of legitimacy as a reflection of willingness to buy (in other words, willingness to do business with) provides a useful lens with which to study the interactions between B2B startups and potential customers.

Originality/value

The strong empirical support the study finds for the predicted relationships in an international context, specifically India, enhances theory development, providing a solid foundation for future knowledge generation around the demand side legitimacy concept.
A decade of medical tourism research: looking back to moving forward
Authors: Ediansyah  , Arief Mts , Hamsal Mohammad , Abdinagoro Sri Bramantoro
Published: November 2022

Purpose

This article aims to know the direction of current research based on the previous research in the last ten years (2012–2021).

Design/methodology/approach

Text mining was integrated with a network and content analysis as part of the mix methodological approach. The scientific articles, on the other hand, were assembled on Litmaps through web scraping. This process selected 86 articles about medical tourism published between 2012 and 2021. This study employed AntConc, RStudio and Gephi tools for data analysis and visualization.

Findings

A total of 138 articles were identified through Litmaps using web scraping and 86 studies met the criteria. The trend of medical tourism research is a positive sign for tourism and health industries; this is the beginning to recognize the importance of elaborating on these two topics. Several researchers have frequently studied issues of destination, hospital, development, quality, stakeholders, surgery, service, economics and policy. Policymakers must establish a medical tourism ecosystem to accommodate all stakeholders in this industry. This study also recommends focusing on supply and institution for medical tourism future research.

Research limitations/implications

This literature review presents research trends on medical tourism in 2012–2021 based solely on articles available on the Litmaps search engine. If the time span is extended and the sources of articles are expanded there will be more literature available for analysis. The articles obtained are also only articles published in English due to the language limitations of the author.

Practical implications

Policymakers must establish a medical tourism ecosystem to accommodate all stakeholders in this industry. Stakeholders must work together to provide medical tourism package therefore people can get their health services while visiting available tourist areas.

Originality/value

The literary study of medical tourism over 10 years is considered the most recent systematic literature review.
Future thinking and managers’ innovative behavior: an experimental study
Authors: Eisenbart Boris , Lovallo Dan , Garbuio Massimo , Cristofaro Matteo , Dong Andy
Published: November 2022

Purpose

Does future thinking enhance managers’ innovative behavior? This study aims to posit that the ability to project events while considering current/future variables and their development (i.e. future thinking) – inextricably linked with the knowledge creation process – may enhance the manager’s accuracy and the number of potentially successful innovative ideas for organizations.

Design/methodology/approach

The authors use a between-group experiment to examine the innovation choices of 47 subjects with experience in evaluating the market potential of new products when asked to support or otherwise reject real-life innovation-related ideas. The authors test the accuracy of decisions made by participants primed to apply future thinking, practically implemented through abductive reasoning, in their decision-making.

Findings

The authors found a significant change in managers’ innovative choices, with participants primed for future thinking making significantly more accurate decisions than the control group. Those participants both correctly chose innovation-related ideas with significant future potential and rejected ideas with limited potential that ultimately failed.

Originality/value

This study explores how future thinking enhances managers’ innovative behavior in organizations. It provides empirical evidence on how future thinking, practiced through abductive reasoning, can work to foster innovative behavior, which is an antecedent of knowledge creation. Organizations that foster future thinking concurrently create knowledge, increasing their competitive advantage in the long run.
Does voluntary non-financial reporting matter for the evaluation of audit risk after a crisis period? Perceptions from Italian auditors
Authors: Trucco Sara , Demartini Maria Chiara , McMeeking Kevin , Beretta Valentina
Published: November 2022

Purpose

This paper aims to investigate the effect of voluntary non-financial reporting on the evaluation of audit risk from the auditors’ viewpoint in a post-crisis period. Furthermore, this paper analyses whether auditors perceive that voluntary non-financial reporting impacts audit risk differently for old clients as compared with new clients.

Design/methodology/approach

This study is conducted on a sample of Italian audit firms through a paper-based questionnaire. Both Big4 and non-Big4 audit firms have been included in the sample.

Findings

Results show that integrated reporting is perceived to be the most relevant reporting method and intellectual capital statement the least relevant. Surprisingly, empirical findings over the sample period show that auditors do not perceive statistically significant differences between old and new clients.

Practical implications

Auditors can identify opportunities to adapt their assessment model to include voluntary non-financial report information. Moreover, they can use different assessment models regarding the research variables in the case of new and old clients.

Originality/value

Empirical findings highlight the growing role of voluntary non-financial reporting in the auditors’ perception of their client’s audit risk. All the observed voluntary non-financial reporting forms, except for intellectual capital, are considered as relevant by auditors in the evaluation of their client’s audit risk when compared to an indifference point. In addition, findings reveal that female auditors perceive a reduced gap in the relevance between integrated reports and intellectual capital reports compared to their counterparts.
Work redesign in development perspective: An empirical study of multitasking among civil servants in Malawi
Authors: Chen Cheng , Chipao Bright Thokozani , Miao Qing
Published: November 2022

Civil servants in many developing countries are increasingly faced with multitask situations at work to improve the efficiency of public sectors. Although multitasking might boost employee productivity, its potentially negative impact on other areas of employees’ lives has been ignored. Drawing upon the conservation of resources theory, our research aims to investigate whether, how, and when multitasking at work decreases the subjective well‐being of employees in the public sector. Using a two‐wave survey of 164 civil servants in Malawi, our findings showed that multitasking at work was positively related to employees’ negative affect and negatively related to their satisfaction with life and positive affect through emotional exhaustion. Moreover, the study found that polychronicity, which refers to one's preference to handle more than one task at the same time, moderated the relationship between multitasking and emotional exhaustion, such that the association described above was weaker when an employee's polychronicity was higher. Finally, the indirect impact of multitasking on positive affect through emotional exhaustion was also moderated by polychronicity. These findings provide some theoretical and managerial implications for public sector in developing countries on how to focus on employee well‐being while using multitasking work design.
Characteristics of skin injuries caused by power drill
Authors: Amadasi Alberto , Kock Timo , Kny Sandra , Amadasi Larissa , Tsokos Michael
Published: November 2022

Skin injuries caused by power drills have been rarely reported. A case is described of a 51‐year‐old woman who was found dead on a motorway after committing suicide by jumping from a bridge. The body showed a total of nine circular/oval penetrating injuries of the chest and abdomen with very regular, smooth margins, and particular features due to the presence of “skin islands” inside the lesion and “short radial linear abrasions” around the margins. These injuries were caused by a power drill, which was later found in the woman's apartment. For comparison, experimental tests were carried out with the same drill and different bits on pig skin, whose appearance resembled those found on the body. Especially skin islands were also reproduced in the experimental tests. The presented case shows the possibility of this rare method of suicide (or suicide attempt) and the typical characteristics of such peculiar skin lesions that pose problems of differential diagnosis with other injuries such as gunshot injuries.
Prey‐mediated effects of mCry51Aa2‐producing cotton on the predatory nontarget bug Orius majusculus (Reuter)
Authors: Boss Anja , Romeis Jörg , Meissle Michael
Published: November 2022

Genetically engineered (GE) cotton, MON 88702, is protected against certain sucking pests, such as plant bugs and thrips, by producing mCry51Aa2, a modified protein from Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt). Predatory pirate bugs (Orius spp.), natural enemies contributing to biological pest control, are also sensitive to the insecticidal protein when exposed continuously to high concentrations.

We evaluated effects of MON 88702 on Orius majusculus when fed prey types with different mCry51Aa2 concentrations. When neonates were provided exclusively Tetranychus urticae spider mites reared on MON 88702 (high mCry51Aa2 content), adverse effects on predator survival and development were confirmed, compared with specimens fed prey from near‐isogenic non‐Bt cotton. When fed a mixture of T. urticae and Ephestia kuehniella eggs (mCry51Aa2‐free), predator life table parameters were similar to the treatment where eggs were fed exclusively. When mCry51Aa2‐containing spider mites were provided for a limited time at the beginning or the end of juvenile development, effects were less pronounced. While pirate bug nymphs showed similar consumption rates for prey from Bt and non‐Bt cotton, choice experiments revealed a preference for E. kuehniella eggs over spider mites. Lepidopteran larvae (Spodoptera littoralis, high mCry51Aa2 content) or cotton aphids (Aphis gossypii, mCry51Aa2‐free) reared on MON 88702 as alternative prey did not result in adverse effects on O. majusculus.

Our study suggests limited risk of mCry51Aa2‐producing cotton for O. majusculus, because its sensitivity for the Bt protein is relatively low and its natural food consists of diverse prey species with varying concentrations of Bt protein.
Internal locus of control buffers the impact of daily stressors on Australian Farmers' well‐being: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Smallwood Rachael , Curcio Adam , Rebar Amanda L.
Published: November 2022

Objective

Farmers are prone to poor well‐being and are at higher risks of suicide than the general population. The aim of this study was to understand whether the negative impact of daily stressors on Australian farmers' well‐being could be buffered through a strong internal locus of control – a strong sense of control over what happens in life.

Methods

Australian farmers self‐reported their well‐being, daily stress, and locus of control.

Design

Cross‐sectional via pen‐and‐paper survey.

Setting

Participants completed the surveys at the beginning of agricultural management training courses.

Participants

Australian farmers (N = 129, M age = 39 ± 12 years, 54.7% male).

Main Outcome Measures

Internal and external locus of control, daily stress, and subjective well‐being.

Results

More daily stressors were associated to poorer well‐being, regardless of external locus of control; however, farmers with a stronger internal locus of control were buffered from the negative impacts of daily stressors. That is, daily stressors were not significantly associated with well‐being for farmers with a strong internal locus of control.

Conclusions

Internal locus of control may be a significant factor in supporting good well‐being for farmers. Further research should investigate how to enhance internal locus of control amongst this population. It may be that interventions to enhance internal locus of control in farmers could improve their well‐being and productivity, good outcomes for the individual farmers, and global society overall.
Estimating the Area under the ROC Curve When Transporting a Prediction Model to a Target Population
Authors: Li Bing , Gatsonis Constantine , Dahabreh Issa J. , Steingrimsson Jon A.
Published: November 2022

We propose methods for estimating the area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve (AUC) of a prediction model in a target population that differs from the source population that provided the data used for original model development. If covariates that are associated with model performance, as measured by the AUC, have a different distribution in the source and target populations, then AUC estimators that only use data from the source population will not reflect model performance in the target population. Here, we provide identification results for the AUC in the target population when outcome and covariate data are available from the sample of the source population, but only covariate data are available from the sample of the target population. In this setting, we propose three estimators for the AUC in the target population and show that they are consistent and asymptotically normal. We evaluate the finite-sample performance of the estimators using simulations and use them to estimate the AUC in a nationally representative target population from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey for a lung cancer risk prediction model developed using source population data from the National Lung Screening Trial.
A Sensitivity Analysis Approach for the Causal Hazard Ratio in Randomized and Observational Studies
Authors: Axelrod Rachel , Nevo Daniel
Published: November 2022

The hazard ratio (HR) is often reported as the main causal effect when studying survival data. Despite its popularity, the HR suffers from an unclear causal interpretation. As already pointed out in the literature, there is a built-in selection bias in the HR, because similarly to the truncation by death problem, the HR conditions on post-treatment survival. A recently proposed alternative, inspired by the Survivor Average Causal Effect, is the causal HR, defined as the ratio between hazards across treatment groups among the study participants that would have survived regardless of their treatment assignment. We discuss the challenge in identifying the causal HR and present a sensitivity analysis identification approach in randomized controlled trials utilizing a working frailty model. We further extend our framework to adjust for potential confounders using inverse probability of treatment weighting. We present a Cox-based and a flexible non-parametric kernel-based estimation under right censoring. We study the finite-sample properties of the proposed estimation methods through simulations. We illustrate the utility of our framework using two real-data examples.
Do more hours in center‐based care cause more externalizing problems? A cross‐national replication study
Authors: Rey‐Guerra Catalina , Zachrisson Henrik D. , Dearing Eric , Berry Daniel , Kuger Susanne , Burchinal Margaret R. , Nærde Ane , van Huizen Thomas , Côté Sylvana M.
Published: November 2022

Whether high quantities of center‐based care cause behavior problems is a controversial question. Studies using covariate adjustment for selection factors have detected relations between center care and behavior problems, but studies with stronger internal validity less often find such evidence. We examined whether within‐child changes in hours in center‐based care predicted changes in externalizing problems in toddlers and preschoolers (N = 10,105; 49% female; data collection 1993–2012) in seven studies, including from Germany, Netherlands, Norway, two from Canada and two from the U.S. Race/ethnicity data were only collected in the United States (57% and 80% White; 42% and 13% African‐American; 1.2% and 5% Latinx). Meta‐analyses showed no association (r = .00, p = .88) between hours in center‐based care and externalizing problems.
[18F]PSMA‐1007 renal uptake parameters: Reproducibility and relationship to estimated glomerular filtration rate
Authors: Valind Kristian , Jögi Jonas , Minarik David , Trägårdh Elin
Published: November 2022

Background

Scintigraphy with technetium‐99m‐labelled dimercaptosuccinic acid ([99mTc]Tc‐DMSA) is widely used for renal cortical imaging. Uptake of [99mTc]Tc‐DMSA has been shown to correlate with glomerular filtration rate (GFR). Prostate‐specific membrane antigen (PSMA) radiopharmaceuticals used for positron emission tomography (PET) show high renal uptake and are being investigated for renal imaging. [68Ga]Ga‐PSMA‐11 PET parameters have been shown to correlate with estimated GFR (eGFR). The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between renal [18F]PSMA‐1007 uptake and eGFR.

Methods

Hundred and eighty‐five patients underwent PET imaging at 1 and 2 h after injection of 4.0 ± 0.2 MBq [18F]PSMA‐1007. Serum creatinine levels were measured and GFR estimated using the Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration (CKD‐EPI) and Modification of Diet in Renal Disease (MDRD) equations. Fifteen patients were excluded due to missing or incorrect data. Thus, data from 170 patients were analyzed. Kidneys were segmented in the PET images using a convolutional neural network with manual correction. For each kidney, mean standardized uptake value (SUVmean) and segmentation volume in millilitres were measured. Linear regression analyses were performed with eGFR as the outcome variable.

Results

Variation in the eGFR values was explained to a significant degree by SUVmean and renal segmentation volume in both the 1 and 2 h images. This correlation was stronger for CKD‐EPI eGFR (1 h R2 = 0.64; 2 h R2 = 0.64) than for MDRD eGFR (1 h R2 = 0.47; 2 h R2 = 0.45).

Conclusion

Renal [18F]PSMA‐1007 uptake parameters correlate with eGFR and are indicative of renal cortical function.
Treatment of fistulous cranial nuchal bursitis by complete surgical resection in two horses
Authors: Corraretti Giorgio , Meulyzer Michael , Gustafsson Kajsa
Published: November 2022

Equine fistulous cranial nuchal bursitis, also known as poll evil, is a serious condition that can progress to cause neurological symptoms and tetraparesis. To date, the only reported effective surgical technique to treat this condition includes the resection of a large portion of the nuchal ligament. This appears to be an outdated and overly invasive surgery with current standards. This case report describes a previously unreported surgical technique, consisting of resection of the entire cranial nuchal bursa under standing sedation and local analgesia. Two horses treated using this technique both had resolution of clinical signs and were able to return to their intended use.
The vulnerability of Ireland's freshwater fish to climate change
Authors: Barry James , Radinger Johannes , Connor Lynda , Coyne John , Kelly Sean , Kelly Fiona L.
Published: November 2022

Climate change can affect fish species directly (e.g. through physiological stress) or indirectly (e.g. species interactions). Whether individual species will experience net benefits or net losses is important to understand from a fisheries management perspective. Ireland has a unique freshwater fish community that faces considerable uncertainty in relation to the impact of climate change. Vulnerability of fish species and subspecies (n = 32) in Ireland were investigated through an expert‐based questionnaire and a trait‐based assessment. Fish species were assessed based on exposure, sensitivity and adaptive capacity. The expert‐based questionnaire predicted that one species, Arctic char Salvelinus alpinus was assigned the rank of high vulnerability, seven species were assigned moderate to high vulnerability, twenty species were assigned moderate vulnerability, and four species were of low to moderate vulnerability. Life‐history characteristics of the fish species were analysed to identify traits characteristic of vulnerable fish species (e.g. Vulnerability to fishing and Trophic level). Coldwater species are highly vulnerable, with indirect effects through interactions with other species or in combination with non‐climatic stressors (e.g. water quality & barriers to migration) being a significant concern. The results provide a vulnerability ranking for Ireland's freshwater fish, that can be utilised by fisheries managers and allows for prioritising of an often‐limited conservation resource.
Proof of concept and feasibility of a blended physiotherapy intervention for persons with haemophilic arthropathy
Authors: Timmer Merel A. , Kuijlaars Isolde A. R. , Kloek Corelien , de Kleijn Piet , Schutgens Roger E. G. , Veenhof Cindy , Pisters Martijn F.
Published: November 2022

Background

Regular physiotherapy with a physiotherapist experienced in the field is not feasible for many patients with haemophilia. We, therefore, developed a blended physiotherapy intervention for persons with haemophilic arthropathy (HA) (e‐Exercise HA), integrating face‐to‐face physiotherapy with a smartphone application.

Aim

The aim of the study was to determine proof of concept of e‐ Exercise HA and to evaluate feasibility.

Methods

Proof of concept was evaluated by a single‐case multiple baseline design. Physical activity (PA) was measured with an accelerometer during a baseline, intervention and post‐intervention phase and analysed using visual inspection and a single case randomisation test. Changes in limitations in activities (Haemophilia Activities List [HAL]) and a General Perceived Effect (GPE) were evaluated between baseline (T0), post‐intervention (T1) and 3 months post‐intervention (T2) using Wilcoxson signed rank test. Feasibility was evaluated by the number of adverse events, attended sessions and open‐ended questions.

Results

Nine patients with HA (90% severe, median age 57.5 (quartiles 50.5–63.3) and median HJHS 32 (quartiles 22–36)) were included. PA increased in two patients. HAL increased mean 15 (SD 9) points (p = .001) at T1, and decrease to mean +8 points (SD 7) (p = .012) at T2 compared to T0. At T1 and T2 8/9 participants scored a GPE > 3. Median 5 (range 4–7) face‐to‐face sessions were attended and a median 8 out of 12 information modules were viewed. No intervention‐related bleeds were reported.

Conclusion

A blended physiotherapy intervention is feasible for persons with HA and the first indication of the effectiveness of the intervention in decreasing limitations in activities was observed.
Impact of internal migration on the economic well‐being of local workers and school dropouts among children in Vietnam
Authors: Hoang Trung Xuan , Le Nga Van Thi , Nguyen Thang Chien
Published: November 2022

This study examines the impact of migration on local workers and high school dropouts of local students. A conventional approach without addressing the endogeneity issue may lead to biased results. Our endogeneity‐corrected estimates show a positive impact of migration on the monthly wages of local workers. A higher share of migrants increases the probability of local workers with employment contracts, social insurance, and holiday pay. Heterogeneity analysis shows that local workers, no matter their educational level, work experience, or occupation sectors, benefit from the inflow of migrants. Finally, migration inflow lowers the probability of high school dropouts among local students. Our findings resulting from rigorous statistical approaches suggest that internal migration produces positive impacts on the economic well‐being of local residents, refuting the argument about the adverse effects associated with internal migration.
Estimating mortality associated with seasonal influenza among adults aged 65 years and above in China from 2011 to 2016: A systematic review and model analysis
Authors: Dong Kaige , Gong Hui , Zhong Guangjie , Deng Xiaowei , Tian Yuyang , Wang Minghan , Yu Hongjie , Yang Juan
Published: November 2022

Background

Estimation of influenza disease burden is crucial for optimizing intervention strategies against seasonal influenza. This study aimed to estimate influenza‐associated excess respiratory and circulatory (R&C) and all‐cause (AC) mortality among older adults aged 65 years and above in mainland China from 2011 to 2016.

Methods

Through a systematic review, we collected influenza‐associated excess R&C and AC mortality data of older adults aged 65 years and above for specific cities/provinces in mainland China. Generalized linear models were fitted to estimate the corresponding excess mortality for older adults by province and nationwide, accounting for the potential variables of influenza virus activity, demography, economics, meteorology, and health service. All statistical analyses were conducted using R software.

Results

A total of 9154 studies were identified in English and Chinese databases, and 11 (0.1%) were included in the quantitative synthesis after excluding duplicates and screening the title, abstract, and full text. Using a generalized linear model, the estimates of annual national average influenza‐associated excess R&C and AC mortality among older adults aged 65 years and above were 111.8 (95% CI: 92.8–141.1) and 151.6 (95% CI: 127.6–179.3) per 100,000 persons, respectively. Large variations in influenza‐associated excess R&C and AC mortality among older adults were observed among 30 provinces.

Conclusions

Influenza was associated with substantial excess R&C and AC mortality among older adults aged 65 years and above in China from 2011 to 2016. This analysis provides valuable evidence for the introduction of the influenza vaccine into the National Immunization Program for the elderly in China.
Assessment, diagnosis and treatment of peristomal skin lesions by remote imaging: An expert validation study
Authors: García‐Manzanares Maria‐Elena , Lancharro‐Bermúdez Margarita , Fernandez‐Lasquetty‐Blanc Blanca , Hernández‐Martínez Antonio , Rodríguez‐Almagro Julián , Caparros‐Sanz Maria‐Rosario
Published: November 2022

Background

Prevention and treatment of peristomal skin problems should be a priority for nurses caring for ostomates, even when the assessment of lesions must be done remotely.

Objective

To measure the level of agreement on assessment, diagnosis and care indications for peristomal skin lesions using remote imaging among nurses in Spain.

Design

Prospective observational multicentre study to assess the diagnostic validity and inter‐ and intraobserver agreement between nurses in peristomal skin lesions. Data were collected between March and October 2019.

Settings and Participants

The research sample consisted of a group of 39 nurses with expertise in the care of ostomates.

Methods

A panel of experts established a list of 24 common signs/findings, 15 diagnostic options and 35 treatment approaches for peristomal skin lesions. Three expert stoma therapy nurses compiled the clinical cases, which they described thoroughly and documented with photographs. The 39 participating nurses evaluated the cases in two rounds to measure inter and intraobserver agreement.

Results

A high or very high level of agreement (κ > 0.61) was observed for the following signs: encrustation, nodules, mucocutaneous separation and varicose veins; for the following diagnoses: mucocutaneous dehiscence, allergic contact dermatitis, encrustation and varicose veins (caput medusae); for the following treatments: recommending a diet rich in vitamin C/blueberries, applying acetic acid dressings, applying cold and topical tacrolimus treatment.

Conclusions

The most easily identifiable lesions were those most prevalent and with visible signs. There was a lower level of agreement in identifying lesions for which photographs required additional information (laboratory data, description of signs and symptoms, type of diet and level of self‐care). It is important to train nurses caring for ostomates to correctly describe ostomy‐related lesions, which is important for nursing records, continuity of care and telehealth care.
Malotas (b), a new eucrite from an old fall
Authors: Saavedra Marcela E. , Roszjar Julia , Riebe My E. I. , Varela María E. , Yang Shuying , Humayun Munir , Tanaka Ryoji , Busemann H.
Published: November 2022

On the night of June 22, 1931 at 4 h 30 min, a fireball was seen in the vicinity of Malotas, Argentina. During the atmospheric trajectory (southwest to northeast), it experienced several fragmentation events. After the fall, a piece was given to Professor Juan A. Olsacher (National University of Córdoba City, Argentina), who collected some further pieces. One of those samples was officially classified as an H5 ordinary chondrite termed Malotas. The present work focuses on the study of another two pieces rediscovered recently in the Museo de Mineralogía y Geología Dr. Alfred Stelzner in Cordoba City, Argentina. The first piece turned out to be an achondritic meteorite termed Malotas (b). Petrographic features, chemical composition, and oxygen isotopes point to a monomict basaltic eucrite belonging to the Stannern‐trend chemical subgroup of eucrites. The occurrence of anorthitic plagioclase veins in clinopyroxene, veinlet apatite, irregular‐shaped pockets of silica and troilite and porous silica signal metasomatism and thermal annealing before a late thermal event took place after brecciation. The latter was possibly recorded in the nominal U/Th‐4He ages of 1.2–3.4 Ga detected in this work, whereas nominal K‐Ar gas retention ages are within the range 3.5–4.2 Ga and may have escaped late thermal modifications. The second piece is classified as an L5 chondrite. The different cosmic ray exposure ages of 3, ~50, and 27 Ma determined for the H5 and L5 chondrites and the eucrite samples, respectively, might signal a common fall as a result of the breakup of a polymict meteoroid.
Initiation of speciation across multiple dimensions in a rock‐restricted, tropical lizard
Authors: Zozaya Stephen M. , Teasdale Luisa C. , Tedeschi Leonardo G. , Higgie Megan , Hoskin Conrad J. , Moritz Craig
Published: November 2022

Population isolation and concomitant genetic divergence, resulting in strong phylogeographical structure, is a core aspect of speciation initiation. If and how speciation then proceeds and ultimately completes depends on multiple factors that mediate reproductive isolation, including divergence in genomes, ecology and mating traits. Here we explored these multiple dimensions in two young (Plio‐Pleistocene) species complexes of gekkonid lizards (Heteronotia) from the Kimberley–Victoria River regions of tropical Australia. Using mitochondrial DNA screening and exon capture phylogenomics, we show that the rock‐restrictedHeteronotia planicepsexhibits exceptional fine‐scale phylogeographical structure compared to the codistributed habitat generalistHeteronotia binoei. This indicates pervasive population isolation and persistence in the rock‐specialist, and thus a high rate of speciation initiation across this geographically complex region, with levels of genomic divergence spanning the “grey zone” of speciation. Proximal lineages ofH. planicepswere often separated by different rock substrates, suggesting a potential role for ecological isolation; however, phylogenetic incongruence and historical introgression were inferred between one such pair. Ecomorphological divergence among lineages within bothH. planicepsandH. binoeiwas limited, except that limestone‐restricted lineages ofH. planicepstended to be larger than rock‐generalists. By contrast, among‐lineage divergence in the chemical composition of epidermal pore secretions (putative mating trait) exceeded ecomorphology in both complexes, but with less trait overlap among lineages inH. planiceps. This system—particularly the rock‐specialistH. planiceps—highlights the role of multidimensional divergence during incipient speciation, with divergence in genomes, ecomorphology and chemical signals all at play at very fine spatial scales.
Unusual exuberant koilocytic proliferation in odontogenic keratocyst
Authors: Sarode Gargi S. , Sarode Sachin C. , Sengupta Namrata , Ghone Urmi , Prasad Shristi
Published: November 2022

Koilocytes are characterized by peculiar histomorphologic features and are a reflection of underlying human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. Although koilocytes are present in many oral pathologies, their presence in odontogenic keratocyst (OKC) has received very little attention in the literature. When present in OKC, koilocytes are limited to the epithelial thickness and rarely involve the full thickness. In the present paper, we have reported an unusual exuberant intramural koilocytic proliferation in OKC epithelium with mild invasion into the underlying connective tissue stroma.
Conversion Hip Arthroplasty Using Standard and Long Stems after Failed Internal Fixation of Intertrochanteric Fractures
Authors: Shi Tengbin , Fang Xinyu , Huang Changyu , Li Weiming , You Ruijin , Wang Xu , Xia Chun , Zhang Wenming
Published: November 2022

Objective

Failed internal fixation of intertrochanteric fractures (FIF‐ITF) is often treated by conversion hip arthroplasty (CHA). This study aimed to evaluate the results and complications of using standard and long femoral stems in this operation.

Methods

This retrospective, multi‐center study enrolled 31 total hip arthroplasty (THA) and 23 hemiarthroplasties (HA) cases (30 women, 24 men; mean age 76 years) after FIF‐ITF between 2012 and 2019, divided into two groups: standard stem group (n = 20) and long stem group (n = 34). The initial internal fixation includes 38 cases of proximal femoral nail anti‐rotation (PFNA), eight cases of the dynamic hip screw (DHS), and eight cases of locking proximal femoral plate (LPFP). The indications for CHA included 38 cases of failure of fixation, seven cases of nonunion, and nine cases of avascular necrosis or posttraumatic osteoarthritis. Perioperative data and complications related to fracture and operation were collected, and preoperative and postoperative clinical and radiological data were analyzed. Clinical outcomes were assessed using Harris hip score (HHS) and 36‐item Short Form survey (SF‐36: including physical function (PF) score and body pain (BP) score). Statistical analyses were performed using the chi‐square or Fisher's exact test, and the 2‐sample t‐test or Wilcoxon rank sum test.

Results

At an average of 5.6 years with a minimum of 2 years follow‐up. A significant overall surgeon‐related complication rate was detected (27.8% [15/54]), five cases had an intraoperative femur fracture, one case had a late periprosthetic femoral fracture, two cases had a stem penetration, one case had a cement leakage, and two patients had an early postoperative dislocation, one infection and three cases of stem loosening or subsidence. Long stems had an increased risk of complication (13/34) compared to standard stems (2/20) (P = 0.031). The operation time and blood loss in the long stem group were higher than those in the standard stem group (P = 0.002; 0.017). HHS and SF‐36 significantly improved in both groups from preoperative to the final follow‐up and did not present significant differences at the final follow‐up (P > 0.05).

Conclusion

CHA following FIF‐ITF showed a successful mid‐term clinical result, long stem arthroplasty should be approached with caution for the risks of higher complication rate, especially intraoperative femoral fractures.