bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Air pollution and health of children in Ukraine
Authors:   SI «Institute of Pediatrics, Obstetrics and Gynecology named after academician O.M. Lukyanova NAMS of Ukraine», Kyiv, Antypkin Yu.H. , Volosovets O.P. ,   Bogomolets National Medical University, Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: November 2020

Atmospheric air pollution is one of the main factors, which negatively affects the health of children in Ukraine. It can exacerbate chronic diseases and decrease the quality of life of children and their families. The aim to determine the correlation ranking between the incidence and prevalence of diseases among children in Ukraine in 2015 and the volume of pollutant emissions from stationary and mobile sources of pollution per person depending on the area of residence. Materials and methods. During the analysis, data from the Center for Medical Statistics of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine and the State Statistics Service of Ukraine for 2015 were used. Methods of system approach, epidemiological, correlation and cluster analysis are applied. Results. In our study we have discovered that the volume of pollutant emissions from stationary and mobile sources into the atmosphere per 1 person had a direct impact on the incidence of all diseases of children in Ukraine, especially children aged 0–6 years (p<0.01). The closest direct correlation was observed between pollutant emissions and prevalence of respiratory diseases among children, especially in children aged 0–6 years and 15–17 years and with the prevalence of bronchial asthma and diabetes in all age groups. The correlation between children morbidity level of tuberculosis, some infectious and parasitic diseases, congenital anomalies, circulatory and digestive diseases, diseases of the musculoskeletal system, ear and mammary gland and the volume of air toxic emissions haven't reached any important statistical significance. Correlation between the mortality rates of children under one year and the incidence of all diseases, including respiratory diseases, some infectious diseases, acute respiratory viral infections, pneumonia and influenza, cerebral palsy and air toxic emissions also haven't reached statistical significance. Conclusions. Morbidity and prevalence of all children's diseases was chained in different manner with the amount of pollutant air emissions. This fact indicates that the increase in morbidity is associated not only with socio-economic and medical and genetic factors, but also with environmental influence. This situation requires brings a necessity of establishment the issue of environmental safety of the population of Ukraine, especially children. No conflict of interest were declared by the authors. Key words: children, morbidity, prevalence, mortality, air pollution.
Indicators of neonatal health of preterm infants
Authors:   National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Minsk, Gnedko T.V.
Published: November 2020

Relevance. Monitoring of indicators of the health status of premature babies is one of the current scientific directions in neonatology. Purpose — to determine the direction of long-term dynamics of indicators of neonatal health of premature babies in the Republic of Belarus. Materials and methods. A retrospective analysis of epidemiological indicators for the period 2002–2018 was conducted on the basis of data from state statistical reports. Results. The share of premature babies in the Republic of Belarus has stabilized at the level of 4.2–4.5%. The survival rate up to 1 year of infants with a body weight of 500–999 g increased by 2 times to the maximum level in 2018 (81.5%). Marked increase in General morbidity of prematurity for 2002–2010 (p<0.05) and reduction by 2016 (p=0.001), including those born weighing 500 to 999 g. more Often other diseases recorded are the syndrome of respiratory disorders, intrauterine hypoxia and birth asphyxia, increased frequency of infections specific to the perinatal period (p<0.05). The national premature mortality rate has stabilized at 0.95% over the past 9 years, with a 5-fold reduction in the rate among children with a body weight of 500—999 g. Conclusions. The assessment of long-term dynamics of the main indicators of preterm health in the Republic of Belarus showed the effectiveness of implementing a set of organizational and medical measures, including the functioning of a multi-level system of perinatal care and the use of health-forming nursing technologies. The research was carried out in accordance with the principles of the Helsinki Declaration. The study protocol was approved by the Local Ethics Committee of these Institutes. The informed consent of the patient was obtained for conducting the studies. No conflict of interest was declared by the author. Key words: premature infants, morbidity, mortality, survival rate.
A clinical case of management of a newborn with anterior mediastinal teratoma (not prenatally detected) in a city maternity hospital
Authors:   Shupyk National Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education, Kyiv, Ukraine, Pysariev A.O. , Honcharuk N.P. ,   Kyiv City Maternity Hospital No. 7, Ukraine, Hatsko I.I. ,   Kyiv City Maternity Hospital No. 7, Ukraine, Savostikova N.L. ,   National Children’s Specialised Hospital «OHMATDYT» Ministry of Health of Ukraine, Kyiv
Published: November 2020

Teratomas are tumors which are composed of tissues derived of more than one germ cell layer; they appear between 3-6 weeks of pregnancy and are present more often in females. A prognosis for life depends on the timely diagnosis of the mass and a possibility of surgical treatment. An article presents a case of a female neonate born with severe respiratory insufficiency. Antenatal ultrasound at 19-20 and 30-31 weeks exposed the myoma of the uterus and a probability of large birth weight. Immediately after birth a neonate requested urgent intubation, artificial lung ventilation, intensive therapy for hemodynamic stabilization. The thoracic surgeon suspected the presence of cystic adenomatous malformation upon the chest X-ray and clinical observation data and defined expectant management and prolongation of intensive therapy. Autoptical evidence is a large mediastinal teratoma 10×8×5 cm, weight 135.0 gram, moderate secondary hypoplasia of lungs. Histological processing revealed mass lesion of the anterior mediastinum in a capsule, which was presented with immature discohesive mesenchyme with lymphoid assembly, brain tissue and multiple cysts of different size with inclusions of cartilage tissue. Effective correct and precise antenatal visualization, which can defined the type of maternity hospital, postnatal MRT and timely provided therapy intervention surgical mass removal including — these are key factors of successful management newborns suffering from anterior mediastinal teratomas. The research was carried out in accordance with the principles of the Helsinki Declaration. The study protocol was approved by the Local Ethics Committee of these Institutes. The informed consent of the patient was obtained for conducting the studies. No conflict of interest was declared by the authors. Key words: newborn, mediastinal teratoma, diagnostics, therapy.
Entornos personales de aprendizaje: un estudio comparativo entre profesores costarricenses en formación y en ejercicio
Authors: García-Martínez José-Antonio , González-Sanmamed Mercedes , Muñoz-Carril Pablo-César
Published: November 2020

Esta investigación analiza comparativamente la frecuencia de uso de diversas herramientas TIC que 381 estudiantes de las carreras de Educación y 218 profesores costarricenses incorporan en sus Entornos Personales de Aprendizaje (PLE) para buscar información, generar contenido y comunicarse. Se realizó un estudio ex post facto utilizando el método de encuesta. Los resultados desvelaron una escasa integración de los recursos tecnológicos en los PLE de ambos colectivos, aunque se ha constatado que son los estudiantes quienes usan un mayor número de herramientas. Se propone la necesidad de arbitrar medidas que contribuyan a enriquecer los PLE.
Diseño y validación de un cuestionario para evaluar la metodología Aprendizaje-Servicio
Authors: León-Carrascosa Víctor , Sánchez-Serrano Silvia , Belando-Montoro María-R.
Published: November 2020

El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo diseñar y validar un instrumento de medida para evaluar la metodología Aprendizaje-Servicio. El estudio contó con una muestra de 180 estudiantes pertenecientes a 9 universidades españolas. A raíz de la literatura consultada y la experiencia profesional, se proponen tres dimensiones sobre el ApS en las que se analizan la fi abilidad, los valores del coefi ciente de discriminación de los ítems y el Análisis Factorial Confi rmatorio, con resultados satisfactorios. Así pues, el instrumento propuesto contribuye al estudio de la evaluación de la metodología ApS, fundamentado teóricamente y cumpliendo con las características psicométricas relativas a su fiabilidad y validez.
Perspectiva de futuro, patrones de aprendizaje y rendimiento académico en estudiantes universitarios mexicanos
Authors: Gaeta-González Martha-Leticia , Reyes-Vergara María-de-Lourdes , González-Rabino Mariela-Lourdes , García-Béjar Ligia , Espinosa-Jiménez Margarita , Gutiérrez-Niebla María-Isabel , Benítez-Ríos Yuriko-Teresa
Published: November 2020

Este estudio tuvo como propósito analizar la relación entre la perspectiva de futuro, la dominancia de distintos patrones de aprendizaje y el rendimiento académico en estudiantes universitarios. Participaron 175 estudiantes, con edad media de 20 años, que respondieron al Inventario de Perspectiva Temporal (ZTPI) y al Inventario de Estilos de Aprendizaje (ILS). Los resultados muestran que existe un papel mediador de los patrones de aprendizaje entre la perspectiva de futuro y el rendimiento académico. Se sugiere generar contextos de enseñanza que incidan en la adopción del patrón de aprendizaje dirigido a la comprensión de significados.
University as Destiny: To the 65th Anniversary of Doctor of Historical Sciences, Professor S.G. Sidorov
Authors: Kuznetsov Oleg
Published: November 2020

The article is prepared for the 65th anniversary of Doctor of Historical Sciences, Professor of the Department of Russian and World History, Archaeology of Volgograd State University Sergey G. Sidorov. The article traces the biography of S.G. Sidorov, his pedagogical, scientific, and administrative activities. It is shown that fundamental foundations of the future pedagogical and scientific work of S.G. Sidorov were laid at the Faculty of History of Saratov State University named after N.G. Chernyshevsky, from which he graduated in 1981. Most of Sergey Grigoryevichs life is connected with Volgograd State University, where he has been working since 1986. He combined teaching historical disciplines with the administrative work. S.G. Sidorov was Vice-rector for Academic Affairs for 25 years. Being in this position he has done a lot to make Volgograd State University a leader in the region in training highly qualified specialists. S.G. Sidorov is one of the leading experts on the history of the Great Patriotic War. He is the author of the first fundamental comprehensive study of using labor of prisoners of war of the Second World War in the national economy of the USSR in 1939–1956. With his active participation, six volumes of Documents and Materials “Prisoners of War in the USSR. 1939–1956” were published. Since 2009, S.G. Sidorov has been the Head of the Dissertation Council on Historical Sciences at Volgograd State University. From 2014 to 2020, largely due to the efforts of S.G. Sidorov, Volgograd State University held five International Thematic Scientific Conferences “Military History of Russia: Problems, Searches, Solutions”.
Meanings of the Russian Presence in Central Asia (On the Example of Kuldja)
Authors: Asanova Svetlana
Published: November 2020

Introduction. The issue of occupied Kuldja was one of the main points in the Russian-Chinese relations during the 70s – 80s of the 19th century. It originated in the mid-60s, when Kuldja came under the rule of the Taranchas. Being part of the Russian Empire from 1871 till 1881 Kuldja possessions had become a sore point in the relationship between Russia and China. The article discusses a range of problems that reveals Russia’s desire to control this region.

Methods and materials. The basis of the study was archive materials, publications of administrative persons, materials of authors who visited Kuldja and gave their conclusions, media reports. An attempt was made to reconstruct the view of Saint Petersburg, the Turkestan administration, officials at various levels, and society regarding the fate of Kuldja.

Analysis. The author examines the fate of Kuldja in socio-political discourse in terms of its possible use for the empire. The possible control of Western China by the Muslim population on the basis of the interests of the empire, as well as border issues and getting clear natural boundaries with political and economic feasibilities are considered. Results. It is indicated that the conquest of Kuldjа coincided with the mass migration of landless people from inner provinces of the Russian Empire into the region and the possibility of settling them down in the conquered territories which were economically deteriorating due to nonuse. This also leads to an attempt to solve the problem of unemployment by involving it in the cultivation of land, mining and development of trade. The study reflects what mechanisms were adopted to solve all the outlined tasks and what was obtained at the output.
Moral and Valuable World of Iran of the Late 20th – Early 21st Centuries in the Context of “Cultural Heritage” and “Dialogue of Civilizations” Concepts
Authors: Vartanyan Egnara
Published: November 2020

Introduction. The article deals with the problem of studying the ethics and values of Iran in the period from the late 20th to the early 21st centuries in the context of “cultural heritage” and “dialogue of civilizations” concepts.

Methods. The historical-typological and historical-systematic methods, the civilization approach used in the article have allowed to analyze the typology and transformation of the Iranian culture in the period from the late 20th to the early 21st centuries.

Analysis. The specific historical characteristics of the Iranian civilization are the continuity of development and the civilization openness, which can be explained not only by invasions of other civilizations, but also by the active perception of the intellectual culture achievements of other peoples. The Iranian civilization came into contact with other civilizations, its origin and functioning were caused by the dialogue of cultures in a broad sense of this word. The psychological reorganization of the Iranians arose as a reaction to the introduction of western values in the life of the country during the shah modernization of the 1960s – 1970s, which led to forming new features in the national consciousness of the Iranians: the aspiration to revive national cultural traditions, desire not so much “to catch up with the West”, as to approve the priority of its culture in peoples consciousness. Those years the Iranian social thought was devoted to the intensive development of the concept of historical and cultural identity of the country, problems of the relationship between the West and the East. In the Iranian social thought the certain independent area of knowledge, namely “cultural heritage”, was formed, which gave the way to the national consciousness and encouraged the scientific search of a rational model of countrys development, looking for the reliance in the traditional experience.

Results. The author draws the conclusion that the interpenetration and mutual enrichment of people, cultures, civilizations are important, especially in the era of globalization. But this process is the most valuable in the context of the development of national cultures, respect for the cultural heritage of every nation i.e. maintaining cultural diversity of the modern world. Today modernization of Iran is connected with the civilization principles of development (“dialogue of civilizations”) in combination with preservation of cultural heritage.
Abstracts of Participants of the X All-Russian Scientific-Practical Student Conference «Mazurin Readings». Part 1
Authors: Editorial Article
Published: November 2020

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Control and Fatigue: How Young People Live With HIV
Authors: Editorial Article
Published: November 2020

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Thinking about precaridad. On the critique of precarious reason
Authors: López Alós Javier
Published: November 2020

Following some arguments of his book Crítica de la razón precaria. La vida intelectual ante la obligación de lo extraordinario (2019), the author approaches the phenomenon of the intellectual precariousness pointing out its implications for subjectivity and knowledge. Considering the global nature of the neoliberal configuration of the educational and research practices, the Spanish word precariedad is used to encapsulate the interwoven meanings of precarity/precariousness. This presentation of the “precarious reason” concludes with the proposal of an alternative understanding of intellectual life from a plebeian perspective.
FORMAÇÃO DE PROFESSORES PARA O ENSINO DE DIVISÃO: CONTRIBUIÇÕES DA APRENDIZAGEM SIGNIFICATIVA
Authors: Ferreira Leonardo Alves , Lima Ivoneide Pinheiro de
Published: November 2020

O artigo propõe a apresentar os resultados de uma formação com o propósito de subsídiar as aprendizagens conceitual e metodológica da operação de divisão, através da resolução de problemas, de professores que ensinam Matemática nos Anos Iniciais do Ensino Fundamental. Esse trabalho utilizou a Teoria da Aprendizagem Significativa (TAS) como forma de reflexão, na perspectiva de provocar uma (re)significação do conceito de divisão, atribuindo-lhe sentidos e significados. A investigação foi de um cunho qualitativo sob o tipo ação-pesquisa, por intermédio de uma formação com três docentes do quinto ano do ensino fundamental. Os resultados evidenciaram que as professoras apresentavam insegurança para ensinar o ensino de divisão, devido às suas limitações acerca da aprendizagem dos conceitos da divisão. Os estudos e discussões por meio da ação formativa mostraram que as professoras passaram a entender o ensino de divisão além da instrução preponderante dos fatos fundamentais e das técnicas operatórias. Foi perceptível a motivação das participantes para aprender mais sobre a TAS, tendo em vista o interesse em continuar os estudos após a formação.
POLÍTICAS PÚBLICAS DE INTERNACIONALIZAÇÃO NA EDUCAÇÃO SUPERIOR BRASILEIRA: QUESTÕES TEÓRICO-EMPÍRICAS A PARTIR DA UNILAB
Authors: MACHADO EDUARDO GOMES , TAVARES ROSALINA SEMEDO DE ANDRADE , Freitas Maria Valdelia Carlos Chagas de , TEIXEIRA Tamilton GOMES
Published: November 2020

Discutimos os desafios que perpassam a constituição de uma política institucional de internacionalização da educação superior, a partir do caso da Universidade da Integração Internacional da Lusofonia Afro-Brasileira (UNILAB). Para tanto, apresentamos referências teórico-empíricas consideradas significativas à compreensão e análise de políticas públicas em universidades, destacando dimensões e fases das políticas públicas. Mobilizamos também o conceito de campo enquanto relevante à análise da construção e efetivação de políticas públicas. Articulamos também referências interpretativas e pragmáticas à estruturação e à dinâmica do campo. Em seguida, indicamos desafios teórico-empíricos à construção e efetivação de uma política de internacionalização na UNILAB, identificados no cotidiano experienciado no campo. Finalizamos refletindo acerca de algumas interfaces necessárias à essa política, bem como apontando desafios e contradições que dificultam à instituição e à comunidade acadêmica avançarem nessa internacionalização. Desse modo, espera-se apontar questões teórico-empíricas que possam fortalecer as possibilidades de construção de políticas de internacionalização nas universidades. Os dados gerados e as análises efetuadas decorrem de observação participante, análise documental, entrevistas, questionários e oficinas de cartografia social.
AVALIAÇÃO DE DADOS HISTÓRICOS SOBRE A QUALIDADE DO ATENDIMENTO NO SETOR ELÉTRICO DE ALAGOAS
Authors: Gilvan Augusto Rolemberg Gama Cabral Gilvan Augusto , Nunes de Castro Oliveira Arthur , Guilherme Miguel de Souza Menezes Guilherme Miguel de Souza Menezes , Ferraz de Maia Bastos Bizerra Matheus , Oliveira Menezes Walter Winícius , Wanderley Nelo Vittória Andressa , Freitas Santos Marinho Danielle
Published: November 2020

Com o passar dos anos a influência das informações com propósito de alavancagem empresarial tem se tornado mais forte. A cada momento novas tecnologias enchem os mais diversos setores, a competitividade dinâmica empresarial é o principal fator dessa busca por melhorias, para alcançar novos patamares de níveis de atendimento, sendo necessário ter maior entendimento dos pontos fortes e fracos do seu produto ou serviço. A satisfação do seu cliente continua sendo um indicador primordial para garantir a qualidade do serviço e consequentemente manter seu espaço em um cenário ativo e exigente. O presente estudo objetiva avaliar os dados relativos a qualidade de atendimento de uma concessionária de energia elétrica do estado de Alagoas. Para tanto, o uso de dados históricos foi o ponto de partida da análise. Permitiu-se ainda, estabelecer um comparativo regional desse cenário. Tais indicadores devem ser utilizados como ferramenta importante no processo decisório visando a melhoria do atendimento ao cliente final.
TRANSPORTE DE CARGA ELÉTRICA NO SEMICONDUTOR 4H-SiC DOPADO TIPO p
Authors: Vasconcelos Jackelinne Lares , Rodrigues Clóves Gonçalves
Published: November 2020

Neste trabalho foi realizado um estudo teórico sobre o transporte de carga no semicondutor carbeto de silício na forma 4H-SiC dopado tipo p e submetido a campos elétricos de baixa intensidade. A pesquisa foi realizado utilizando-se uma equação diferencial de movimento. A dependência do transporte de carga elétrica em função da intensidade e direção do campo elétrico aplicado e da temperatura foi analisada. Foi obtido que a maior mobilidade ocorre quando a direção do campo elétrico aplicado é perpendicular ao eixo cristalográfico c do cristal semicondutor 4H-SiC, e esta sofre uma redução de aproximadamente 67% com o aumento da temperatura de 0 até 100ºC.
Internetization of modern youth subculture
Authors: Glebova Ekaterina A. , Bgantseva Irina V. , Tislenkova Irina A. , Tikhaeva Victoria V.
Published: November 2020

The article under analysis studies the modern youth subculture in the time of rapid development of Internet technologies and granted opportunities for communication and pastime among young people. The objective of the article is to study characteristics of the modern youth subculture undergone the transformation influenced by internetization processes. To achieve the purpose, the following points were determined:1) characterize the modern youth subculture existing on the basis of the Internet application “Instagram”; 2) analyze the results of the survey aimed at bringing to light a great popularity of the Instagram community among students and aimed at specifying the impact of the given application on participants; 3) find out the peculiarities of the modern subculture at the modern-day stage of the society development. The main methods of the study are the interpretation analysis of Russian and foreign scientific works and internet materials on the problems of modern youth subculture and its influence on the youth; the questionnaire method and the method of quantitative analysis. The scientific novelty lies in the fact that the characteristics of the modern youth subculture in the time of the society internetization are specified and its possible impact on a personality development and youth behaviour is demonstrated. The practical implication of the study results is in their possibilities to be used as topical information about the modern youth subculture in the time of the digital society by psychologists, any teaching staff and social care teachers in their scientific research and teaching-educational work with representatives of the young.
MODERN STRATEGIES FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF RESEARCH UNIVERSITIES OF UKRAINE ON THE WAY TO WORLDWIDE RECOGNITION
Authors: Sitnicki Maksym
Published: November 2020

The article systematizes the conceptual principles of formation and implementation of strategies of seven research universities of Ukraine, presented in the international QS ranking (Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv; V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University; Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute; National Technical University "Kharkiv Polytechnic Institute"; Lviv Polytechnic National University; Sumy State University; Vasyl' Stus Donetsk National University). This sample is based on the fact that these research universities in Ukraine have sufficient potential for international competitiveness, which is emphasized by their recognition as a world-class rating system, which is formed from a number of key indicators measuring scientific and educational activities of these subjects.

The study substantiates the differences between strategies and programs for the development of research universities in Ukraine and compares the results of their implementation. The necessity of using the method of global ranking as a tool of strategic development management of research universities of Ukraine is actualized. Prerequisites for the formation and systematic support of the implementation of the innovative potential of the strategies of research universities of Ukraine in order to strengthen the academic reputation and image at the global level are revealed. It is established that one of the seven research universities of Ukraine studied has a development strategy until 2020, which necessitates the urgent need to diagnose the results of this strategy and launch the process of updating strategic goals, in accordance with modern conditions of science and technology, to adopt a new program of development. This approach will ensure the continuity and systemic nature of the process of strategic management of research universities in Ukraine and lay the foundation for the development and adoption of the state doctrine of development of research universities in Ukraine in order to ensure their global recognition.
Prof. W. v. Bechterew. The conduction pathways in the brain and spinal cord. —Second, completely revised and greatly expanded edition. German by Richard Weinberg. Leipzig, 1899
Authors: Vorotynskiy B. I.
Published: November 2020

Not even two years have passed since the leadership of prof. V. M. Bekhterev appears already in the second edition in the German language. This fact seems to be very significant for Russian science and at the same time clearly testifies to the interest that neurology excites to itself at the present time. The appearance in such a short time of translation of the book by prof. Bekhterev's second edition is due to the undoubtedly large merits of his original work, which we have already had a chance to talk about. Now we can safely say that the leadership of prof. Ankylosing spondylitis is destined to be a reference book for every educated doctor. As far as we know, not a single translated manual of a Russian author abroad has ever used such success.
"To the question of the descending fiber systems in the posterior columns of the spinal cord"
Authors: Yanishevsky A. E.
Published: November 2020

Among the still very few elucidated questions about the course of fibers in the spinal cord is the question of the descending systems in the posterior columns. Until recently, a view was adopted that the posterior columns of the spinal cord pass through the systems of fibers, going in the direction of the brain. This view was mainly based on the fact that in case of spinal cord disorders, the Wallerian regeneration of the fibers was higher than the damage.
Cutting the nerve and its consequences
1. Biedl. Ueber das histologische Verhalten der peri pheren Nerven und ihrer Centren nach der Durchschneidung. Wien. Klin. Wochenschrift, 1897 № 17.
2. Marinesco. On the phenomena of reporation in the nerve centers after the section of peripheral nerves. Press medic .; 1898 № 82.
3. A. Van-Gehuchten. The repair phenomena in the nerve centers after the section of the peripheral nerves. Press medic .; 1899 № 1.
4. М. А. Halipré. State of the nucleus of the hipoglossus nineteen months after the section of the corresponding nerve in the rabbit. C. r. h. d. s. d. the Soc. of Biology. 1899 № 3, p. 43—44.
Authors: Murzaev B.
Published: November 2020

The question, about which will be discussed below, with all the mania, which he repeatedly turned out to be observers, is still far from complete solution. New and new research arouses new interpretations. Biedl (1), dealing with this issue using the Nissl method, obtained such data. Along the nerve cut in the ganglion cells, which represent the beginning of its fibers, after 3 days, one can detect degenerative changes in the cellular structure in the form of dilution and fine-grained decay of the chromatin substance in the spinal nodes.
Memory of homogeneous sequential visual impressions
Authors: Lazurskiy A. F. , Shipov N. N.
Published: November 2020

Every one of us experienced the following everyday phenomenon. A person hears, lets say, the striking of the clock, but does not pay attention to it and does not count the number of strikes; each sound is perceived (consciously or unconsciously it's all the same) and is immediately forgotten, yielding instead to the next.
Prof. V.M.Bekhterev. On periodic acute paranoia, as a special type of periodical psychoses. — Review. crazy. 1899. No. 4
Authors: Skuridin P. S.
Published: November 2020

Prof. Bekhterev, pointing out the attempt of prof. Ziehen'a in 1898 to establish, except for three known forms of periodical psychoses (mania, melancholia, psychosis hallucinatoria periodica), 2 more types - periodical neurasthenic mental disorder and periodical acute simple (not psychotic) paranoid, he said that he appeared im for a long time, still being his professor at Kazan University. On the recognition of periodic acute paranoia, as a special form of psychosis, he was led by a case of practice in the Kazan District Hospital in 1892. Further, the author expounds in great detail 3 stories of the illness of one patient, E.I.
Edouard Long. The central pathways of general sensitivity (anatomo-clinical study). Paris. 1899
Authors: Troshin G.
Published: November 2020

In the first part of his work, the author gives a literary survey of the question of the central conductors of general sensitivity. The order of presentation is as follows: sensitive pathways of the spinal cord, brain stem, large brain (from thalamus opticus to the cortex); at the end, the author examines the arguments in favor of one or another localization of the sensory motor region in the cortex.
The chronicle of the society of neuropathologists and psychiatrists at the imperial Kazan University. Protocol of the appointment of October 31
Authors: Popov N. M.
Published: November 2020

Chaired by H. M. Popov, under secretary V. V. Nikolaev; there were active members: K. A. Arnstein, A. F. Geberg, V. N. Dolgov, G. A. Klyachkin, N. A. Mislavskiy. M. M. Maevskiy, I. I. Naumov, V. N. Obraztsov, D. V. Polumordvinov, A. S. Segel, L. A. Serguev, P. S. Skuridin, Sorokovikov, D. A. Timofeev, N. A. Tolmachev, N. N. Toporkov, A. E. Yanishevskiy, guests: Dr. Kovalevskiy, Favorskiy and about 45 people of the public.
Physiological and psychological foundations of aesthetics
Authors: Smirnov A. I.
Published: November 2020

Together with the consideration of the laws of symmetry and proportion, we finished the department of aesthetics on the sensory elements of visual beauty. An object recognized as beautiful, we examined how it opens up to the sense of sight and tried to determine under what conditions, by virtue of what circumstances, its optical and geometric properties, its color and form become beautiful and evoke an aesthetic feeling in us. But our task is far from over.
About the influence of sodium bromystago, ammonium bromystago and lithium bromystago on the cerebral circulation
Authors: Gerver A. V.
Published: November 2020

In my previous article, I reported the results of my research on the effect of bromistago calia on cerebral circulation; In the same article, I gave the main principles of the methods that I used in my experiments. In view of this, in this work, I consider it superfluous to describe these methods again, and I refer those who wish to familiarize themselves with them to my previous article.
The chronicle of the society of neuropathologists and psychiatrists at the imperial Kazan University. Protocol of appointment on March 7, 1899
Authors: Popov N. M.
Published: November 2020

Chaired by N.M. Popov, with the secretary V.V. Nikolaev, there were acting members: K.A.Arnstein, V.N. Vasyatkin, I.M.Dogel, V.N. Dolgov, M.M. A. Mislavsky, V. N. Obraztsov, L. A. Serguev, P. S. Kuridin, D. A. Timofeev A. E. Yanishevsky, guests: Dr. Martynov, Segel, Favorsky and a human about 40 people.
Impact of educational intervention on medication adherence, quality of life, knowledge attitude and practice among benign prostate hyperplasia patients: a prospective study
Authors: Johnson Ashlin Treesa , Jayakumar Vineeth , Varghese Pritty Anna , Vijayan Karthik , Martin Babitha
Published: November 2020

Background: Benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH) is one of the common bothersome diseases among elderly men of age greater than 50 years. The aim of the current study was to evaluate the impact of patient counselling on quality of life (QoL), knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) and medication adherence among patients.Methods: A Prospective study was conducted in a total of 110 BPH patients from the department of urology for a period of 6 months. 55 patients in each group received silodosin 8 mg or tamsulosin 0.4 mg once daily. Data was collected by using a suitably designed proforma, international prostate symptom score (IPSS) and BPH impact index were used for assessing QoL, morisky green levin scale for medication adherence and a suitably designed KAP questionnaire for assessing KAP. Patients were counselled regarding the disease, drugs and lifestyle modifications using patient information leaflet.Results: The current study found that both the Tamsulosin and Silodosin group had an improvement on QoL, IPSS Q 8 by 36% and 41.5% respectively and improvement on BII by 35.5% and 47.3% respectively. Medication adherence had significant improvement from first to second review by 12%. Significant improvement in knowledge by 80.1%, attitude by 72.7% and practice by 79.2% were observed.Conclusions: The provision of effective counselling was found to have a profound impact on improving patient’s quality of life, medication adherence, knowledge, attitude and practice.
A study to evaluate the efficacy of cranberry extract supplements in prevention of recurrent urinary tract infections in female patients
Authors: P. C. Anju , Gopinath Syama , Wesley I. John , G. R. Prasobh
Published: November 2020

Background: Recurrence of urinary tract infections (UTI) are either due to re infection or relapse. Overall likelihood of developing UTI is approximately 30 times higher in women than men due to their anatomical peculiarities. The objective was to evaluate efficacy of cranberry extract supplementations in prevention of recurrent UTI in female patients, assess the quality of life of patients, medication adherence of patients and effect of patient counselling.Methods: A prospective observational study was carried out for a period of 6 months and samples were taken from the Urology Department of Cosmopolitan Hospital, Trivandrum, Kerala. The selected patients were administered with cranberry extract supplements after their regular Antibiotic therapy and were observed for recurrence for a period of six months. Three follow ups were taken and the betterment was assessed using the score from prepared proforma.Results: 84 patients were analysed and among them we observed and concluded that 86.9% of patients were free of recurrent infection. Study shows that E. coli was the commonest infectious organism causing UTI. In this study the most commonly observed symptom of UTI was lower abdominal pain and the most common co morbidity was DM.Conclusions: Through this study it was concluded that the cranberry extract supplements significantly reduced the recurrence of UTI in women. Since the antibiotic prophylaxis is having the risk of developing resistance and side effects, the cranberry extract supplements can be suggested as a best alternative to antibiotics in recurrent UTI prophylaxis.
Prescribing pattern of antibiotics in ENT outpatient department in a tertiary care teaching hospital
Authors: Srinivasa Jyothsnya , Rajendran Vijaya , Nadig Pratibha , Swamy Shubhatara
Published: November 2020

Background: Antibiotics are the most commonly used and misused of all drugs. Patterns of antibiotic resistance widely follows local patterns of antibiotic prescribing and usage. Periodic data collection and analysis of antibiotic prescriptions at regional level are essential to understand and combat antibiotic resistance. Objective of the study was to study the prescribing pattern of antibiotics in outpatient department of Otorhinolaryngology in a tertiary care teaching hospital. Methods: A prospective observational study of prescribing pattern of antibiotics was conducted in the department of Otorhinolaryngology. Data of antibiotic utilization in outpatient department was collected through duplicate copies of the prescriptions. The data obtained was analyzed and the conclusions were drawn using descriptive analysis.Results: A total of 606 prescriptions were collected and analyzed during the study. Average number of antibiotics prescribed per prescription was 1.24 most of the antibiotics were prescribed for a duration of 1 to 5 days. Commonly prescribed antibiotic class was penicillin (48.1%) followed by quinolone (18.3%). Most of the antibiotics were prescribed by their brand names (98.8%).Conclusions: The present study highlights the wide use of extended spectrum antibiotics, along with brand names for prescribing. Interventions for prescribing of generic drugs from the essential drug list needs to be encouraged among physicians.
Perceived stressors and coping mechanisms among intern doctors and residents in a tertiary care hospital in South India
Authors: Joshi Amey , Jayaprakash Akshaya , C. Pradeep
Published: November 2020

Background: The high prevalence of stress amongst health care professionals is resulting in burnout and decline in quality of patient care. Intern doctors and residents are expected to adapt, improvise and overcome these stressors in an effective manner to optimize their productivity and ensure the best standard of care. This study aims to outline the stress profile as perceived by intern doctors and residents and to explore methods employed to cope with work place stress.Methods: An analytical cross-sectional study was undertaken among 60 Intern doctors and 60 Residents in a Tertiary care teaching hospital in southern India in 2018. Socio-demographic details and perceived stress was evaluated by questionnaires and Cohen’s perceived stress scale (PSS). Data obtained was entered and analysed with Statistical Package for the Social Sciences and results were presented using frequencies and percentages. Chi-square test was used to test significance of various factors and their relation to stress.Results: Total 78.3% of intern doctors and 75% of residents reported to be stressed. The mean PSS score among intern doctors was 18.42±4.18 and 19±4 among residents. With the exception of sleep duration, no significant association was found between stress and socio-demographic or behavioral factors. Excessive work load was the leading cause of Stress was reported by 78.3% and 75% of Intern and resident doctors respectively. 33.3% of residents resorted to unhealthy coping mechanisms to stress as against 8% in Interns. 18.3% of intern doctors were unaware of means to cope with stress.  Conclusions: Effective stress management techniques and healthy sleep habits must be encouraged amongst Intern and Resident doctors to enable them to adapt to the dynamic and demanding lifestyle of the medical profession.
Psychological impact of COVID-19 lock-down on college students across India- a cross sectional study
Authors: R. Sreesupria P. , P. Mekhala K. , K. Kishore Kumar , M. Aarthi , M. Gautam
Published: November 2020

Background: Following the COVID-19 outbreak, Indian Government has imposed lock-down to contain its spread. This has resulted in psychological distress in people. College students, known to have an active social life, are also vulnerable to this.  Objectives were to assess the prevalence and severity of core symptoms of depression, anxiety and stress in college students across India during the Lock-down; to estimate the impact of lock-down on time spent on their routine activities, domestic violence, eating habits and sleep pattern; to analyze the impact of various factors and the mental health status.Methods: A semi-structured questionnaire also containing the 21 items of depression anxiety and stress scale 21 (DASS21) was circulated through social media. College students from different states across India participated. Study period was from April 2020 to May 2020. The responses collected were analyzed using chi squared test and logistic regression.  Results: Total 53.1%, 37.2% and 24.3% had symptoms of depression, anxiety and stress respectively, with varying severities (N=727). Significant associations of the negative emotional states with decreased time spent with their family and friends and its effects; increased incidence of domestic violence; increased sleep duration; disturbed sleep; financial crisis, etc. were found (p value<0.05).Conclusions: COVID-19 is building psychological distress among vulnerable college students, as they are forced to stay home, along with worsening financial situations, lifestyle changes, family situations and time spent on various activities. Psychological interventions are recommended.
COVID-19: Ultraviolet-C device for protecting operation theatre personnel: a pilot controlled study
Authors: John Pravin Hector , Thanakumar John A. C. , Rao Arcot Mohan , Kapali Neelamekam Thoppa , Seshadri Mandalam S.
Published: November 2020

Background: Covid-19 is currently wide-spread in urban and rural India. Health care workers (HCW) contract disease when exposed to inoculum in enclosed spaces namely operation theatre (OR) or Intensive care unit (ICU). 1.8-5 % of health care workers (HCW) tested positive in Delhi and Dutch experience is similar. 8% of HCW who contract COVID-19 die. Commercial filters have been advocated by various surgical societies and despite routine use of these filters, HCWs continue to get infected. Ultraviolet C (UVC) irradiation has been in use for bacterial and viral decontamination of surfaces, liquid and gaseous media.Methods: In this study, we describe a closed UVC chamber with built-in HEPA filters to decontaminate and sterilize effluent gases from patients undergoing laparoscopic or open surgical procedures to make it free of SARS-COV-2 virus and minimize risk of infection for the OR crew. We also report an adaptation of this device for anesthesia. We compare SARS-CoV-2 infections in HCW in our hospital, where this device is routinely used, with outcomes from another hospital with identical personal protection measures, performing similar surgical procedures but without the device.Results: COVID-19 incidence is significantly reduced with the use of this device compared to a similar hospital with similar surgical protocols but without the deviceConclusions: In the current pandemic situation where a number of HCWs get infected or succumb to SARS CoV2 infection, measures such as UVC chamber described in this paper provide additional protection to HCWs in the OR. They are of considerable public health importance and serve to boost the sagging morale of HCWs.
Aural rehabilitation programme for hearing impaired: a psychosocial intervention
Authors: Juneja Manisha K. , Sharma Mamta , Singhal Surinder
Published: November 2020

Background: Hearing impairment i.e., reduced hearing acuity, has adverse effects on the physical, cognitive, emotional, behavioral, and social functions of an individual, resulting in passivity, social withdrawal, and negative impact on the quality of life (QOL). The present study aimed to determine whether participation in a counseling-based aural rehabilitation program and hearing aids would enhance the QOL of severely hearing-impaired by reducing their learned helplessness and social isolation.Methods: The study included 52 participants (35 males and 17 females) in the age range of 45-65 years having severe hearing loss with high perceived social isolation and learned helplessness and low quality of life. Scales used are Friendship scale for social isolation, LH scale for learned helplessness, and WHOQOL-Bref for quality of life. A paired t-test was applied to see the significant difference between pre and post scores.Results: Pre- and post-intervention analysis showed that learned helplessness and perceived social isolation was significantly reduced as a function of intervention with a substantially better quality of life.Conclusions: Aural rehabilitation program combined with hearing aids resulted in a better quality of life by reducing isolation and helplessness.
Study of Dual Stator Induction Motor in Photovoltaic-Fuel Cell Hybrid Pumping Application
Authors: Adjati Arezki , Rekioua Toufik , Rekioua Djamila , Tounzi Abdelmounaim
Published: November 2020

This paper discusses the modeling of hybrid Photovoltaic/Fuel cell pumping. This system comprises a photovoltaic generator and a fuel cell, two DC/DC converters, two of inverters which supply a double star induction motor (DSIM) which drives the shaft of a centrifugal pump. The evaluation of the water requirements, the total dynamic head (TDH) and the flow are of great importance to evaluate the various powers allowing the determination of the size of the pumping system. The global proposed system is sized and simulated under Matlab/Simulink Package. The obtained results under different metrological conditions show the effectiveness of the proposed hybrid pumping system.
Discrete Wavelet Design for Bearing Fault Diagnosis Using Particle Swarm Optimization
Authors: Khelil Jalel , Khelil Khaled , Ramdani Messaoud , Boutasseta Nadir
Published: November 2020

Rolling bearings are widely used in a large variety of industrial applications. Therefore, it is necessary to provide an efficient fault detection and diagnosis mechanism to prevent component failure and poor performance during operation. This paper proposes a novel classification scheme based on the design of discrete wavelets best adapted to vibration signal analysis in order to identify and properly classify rolling bearing defects. Through polyphase representation of the wavelet filter bank, and using the particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm, the appropriate discrete wavelet associated filters are optimized to achieve the best fault classification accuracy. Simulation results show that the proposed wavelet design approach outperforms the well-known standard wavelets regardless the employed classifier and leads to an average fault classification improvement of about 2%.
The Difficult Position and Breakthrough of Improving Teaching Ability of College Teachers
Authors: Gong Lihua
Published: November 2020

Colleges and universities, as a base for cultivating skilled talents needed for social development, teachers' own teaching experience, professional level and teaching ability can directly have an important impact on students' future development. This requires teachers to be able to find specific factors that hinder the rise of their teaching abilities in the context of the continuous development of the times, in order to find specific ways to stimulate their potential in the process of self-breakthrough. This article starts with the main factors that affect teachers' ability to teach, looking for specific solutions, hoping to serve as a guide for other teachers.