bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Transformación catalítica del aceite esencial de Palo Santo sobre zeolita Faujasita HY
Authors: López Cordova Carmen Milena , Capa Camacho Verónica Lilibet , García Berfon Luis Vicente , García López Adriana Lucía
Published: April 2020

El aceite esencial de Palo Santo (Bursera Graveolens) es una mezcla compleja de compuestos orgánicos constituidos por monoterpenos, principalmente limoneno. El objetivo de la presente investigación, fue estudiar la transformación catalítica del aceite esencial de Palo Santo empleando como catalizador una zeolita ácida tipo Faujasita, denominada HY. La reacción fue realizada en un sistema por carga, en fase líquida, a temperatura de ebullición de la mezcla (165°C) y presión atmosférica. Los productos de reacción fueron analizados mediante cromatografía de gases con detector de espectrometría de masas. La zeolita fue transformada a la forma protónica y caracterizada mediante FRX, DRX, determinación de área específica y acidez total. Se evaluó la influencia de la relación masa de catalizador/masa de aceite (mc/Ma) y el tiempo de reacción, sobre la distribución de productos de la reacción. Se observó un aumento de la conversión de los principales componentes del aceite al aumentar el tiempo de reacción y la relación mc/Ma. Menores valores de la relación mc/Ma, favorecen la isomerización para menores conversiones.
Prony series calculation for viscoelastic behavior modeling of structural adhesives from DMA data.
Authors: Tapia  Romero Manuel Alejandro , Dehonor Gomez Mariamne , Lugo Uribe Luis Edmundo
Published: April 2020

In product design is important to choose the correct material for a specific application. Viscoelastic behavior let us know how much energy the material can dissipate on its internal structure or either return it to the surroundings, and the property that describe this is the Complex Modulus G*, it is a complex quantity that can be separated in a real and an imaginary part called G' storage modulus and iG'' loss modulus respectively. These properties can be measured experimentally from a small material sample easily by performing Dynamical Mechanical Analysis (DMA). In Product Design process there are both, computational and physical validations and there is the need of improving computational studies by understanding the physics of each component. Viscoelastic characteristics of materials can be represented by Prony series, also known as relaxation modulus in function of time. Relaxation modulus can be defined in most of Computer Aided Engineering (CAE) Software. In this article the procedure for calculating Prony Series from DMA data will be explained.
Impact of Regulatory and Enforcement Activities in Environmental Protection
Authors: Dobrolyubova Elena I.
Published: April 2020

Sociological surveys demonstrate that the public ranks environmental risks very high. Therefore, reforming regulatory and enforcement activities in the area of environmental protection is an important factor aimed at minimizing these risks. These efforts are undertaken in a broader context of regulatory and enforcement reforms aimed at minimizing risks to public values. The article evaluates the current status of regulatory and enforcement activities in the area of environment protection and compares this data with statistical and sociological sources. Based on this evaluation, the article concludes that regulatory and enforcement activities have limited effect on environmental protection, and there is a need for better targeting inspection activities to ensure minimization of environmental risks.
Oil, Democracy and Internal Conflict in Sub-Saharan Africa
Authors: Kole Ali
Published: April 2020

This study examines the effect of oil and democracy on internal conflict in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). The study employed panel regression on 14 oil rich SSA spanning from 1983-2012. The major finding reveals a U-turn from the resource curse theory because it clearly shows that, increase in oil leads to a reduction in the likelihood of internal conflict situations in SSA. The study found strong evidence on the significance of political institutions in mitigating internal conflict in SSA. However, the interaction between oil and democracy reduces the risk of internal conflict in SSA countries with the lowest and average polity scores and increase conflict in those SSA with a maximum polity score. This outcome is usually expected in the course of transition from autocracy to democracy in developing countries. Therefore, with further improvement in the political institutions, the mitigating effects of oil on internal conflict will re-emerge. Impliedly, oil in itself is a blessing and leads to the realization of peace when countries improve their political institutions. Also, the study uncovered that, while real GDP reduces the chances of internal conflicts in SSA, an increase in military expenditures tends to dampen the likelihood of peace which is a bit departure from the rentier peace theory. Therefore, the study suggests that, for peace to be maintained, SSA should reduce its expenditure on the military and increase that of social spending while improving its political system.
Russian Cultural Marking of the International Scene: The Soft Power to the Test (2000-2018)
Authors: Kouma Jean Cottin
Published: April 2020

Since the mid-1990s, and even more Vladimir Putin’s accession to the presidency, reaffirmation and recognition of Russia’s status as a great power has been erected as an existential political imperative. The restoration of Russia's global influence is one of the parts of this high-powered policy implemented by the authorities. It manifests itself repeatedly through hard power initiatives outside national borders in Georgia, Ukraine or Syria. But the “color revolutions” in the post-Soviet space, primarily the Orange Revolution of 2004, prompt the Russian government to rethink its foreign policy in order to project a better image of Russia abroad. This late awareness is reflected in the adoption of a clean soft power strategy and its main key instruments are created during the second term of Vladimir Putin (2004- 2008). The notion of soft power will be institutionalized in the Foreign Policy Concept of the Russian Federation on February 12, 2013. This article is therefore intended as a contribution to the analysis of the issues surrounding the cultural variable in foreign policy. of the Russian Federation. It is therefore more precisely his ambition to decipher the motives underlying the mobilization of resources for the purpose of cultural outreach by Russia. A country with many contrasts and, moreover, in a world cultural field traditionally controlled by strong Western powers, Russia has opted for soft power, with the triple vision of making its way, to feed its current rise and to pose as a “responsible” and “conciliatory” power. For the twelfth largest economic power in the world, it is also a question of reducing the mistrust and criticism that its presence already arouses on the international scene. The choice made on the cultural variable is therefore not insignificant; because, it is a strategy, through which Russia would like to build, if not regain its greatness of yesteryear.
Opiniones de expertos para propuesta a modificación del Oral Health Impact Profile 49 en español
Authors: Ramírez Fernando , Navarrete Diego , Quezada Camila , Vera Paula
Published: April 2020

Objetivo: El Oral Health Impact Profile 49 en español (OHIP-49 sp), es un instrumento que se utiliza para evaluar la calidad de vida relacionada a salud oral. Este es un cuestionario que consta de 49 preguntas cualitativas.Tras el estudio del instrumento OHIP-49 Sp se observó que carecía de una validación teórica, por lo que el objetivo principal fue identificar si es posible modificar el O-HIP 49 Sp mediante la opinión de un comité de expertos, con el fin de aplicarse en adultos mayores. Métodos: Para esto, se realizó un estudio descriptivo de corte transversal con un comité de experto compuesto por 8 profesionales con estudios en áreas geriátricas, odontogeriátricas, gerontológicas y/o experiencia en trabajo con adultos mayores. Resultados: Se evaluó cada pregunta correspondiente al cuestionario OHIP-49 Sp, en donde se obtuvo que en 13 preguntas se contestaron “en duda”, “desacuerdo” o “muy en desacuerdo” con la forma en que estas estaban formuladas. Finalmente 5 preguntas fueron seleccionadas como las peores formuladas y que por tanto se deberían modificar. Además, las preguntas se clasificaron según el tipo de crítica que recibieron, en donde varias de ellas obtuvieron más de un tipo de crítica, siendo la más frecuente la falta de claridad y ambigüedad. Conclusión: Tras analizar el cuestionario OHIP-49 Sp, se observó que efectivamente hay oportunidades de modificación respecto a la encuesta original.
Fibroma Ameloblástico Relato de caso
Authors: Nunes da Rosa Lauro , Franco Neto Carlos A. , Fontoura Heloisa , Quadros Onofre
Published: April 2020

A case of Ameloblastic Fibroma appearing in the posterior part of the mandible is presented. The histopathologic, roentgenologic and clinicai aspects are discussed. The rapid growth and the size acqui red are emphasized. The treatment is conservative but the tumor needs Glose follow up for possible recurrence
O papel do tabagismo na doença periodontal
Authors: Soares de Lima Nunes Leonardo , Blauth de Slavutzky Sônia Maria
Published: April 2020

Cento e sessenta e quatro militares foram examinados e responderam a um questionário com objetivo de buscar esclarecer a influencia do tabagismo na Doença Periodontal. Os dados obtidos foram analisados em busca de informações que ajudassem a esclarecer esta influencia, usando para isto o Índice Comunitário de Necessidade de Tratamento Periodontal (ICNTP).
O freio labial superior e sua influência no diastema mediano superior
Authors: Prietsch José Renato , Bernst Justo Elizabeth , Martinelli de Lima Eduardo
Published: April 2020

Ao analisarmos os diversos agentes etiológicos do diastema mediano superior, foi encontrado, por eliminação destes agentes, que o freio é apenas uma entre as várias causas de diastema. Este freio é chamado de freio teto labial persistente. Um roteiro específico para diagnóstico do freio patológico foi elaborado, tendo por base a cronologia de desenvolvimento e características físico-clínicas associadas a diferentes imagens radiográficas de suturas palatinas medianas.
Morfologia endodôntica de caninos e pré-molares inferiores
Authors: F. Milano Nicolau , A. G. da Silva Carlos , O. Manfro Jr. Angelo
Published: April 2020

Os autores estudaram radiografias "in vivo" e de dentes extraídos de caninos, primeiros e segundos pré-molares inferiores, para estabelecer-se o número de canais bem como a localização da bifurcação, quando da existência de dois canais. Os resultados mostraram 9,1% de caninos, 30,9% de primeiros pás e 12,3% de segundos prós inferiores com dois canais.
"Características Clínicas da Ansiedade Infantil frente a Situação Odontológica"
Authors: Rucks Varvaki Rados Liliam
Published: April 2020

Foi realizado um estudo clínico, observando-se o comportamento de 54 crianças com idades que variavam entre os 04 e 09 anos de idade e que buscavam atendimento odontológico. Se consideraram os comportamentos apresentados até o momento do início do atendimento odontológico. As crianças em idade pré-escolar mostraram maior apego à mãe e maior tendência a chorar, como maneira de se negar ao atendimento. As crianças de idade escolar manifestavam a sua recusa ao tratamento através de atitudes interruptivas.
Cistos Embrionários da Face
Authors: D. Barbachan João Jorge , Sant'Ana Filho Manoel , Varvaki Rados Pantelis , De Quadros Onofre Francisco
Published: April 2020

As recentes modificações dos conceitos embriológicos, com respeito ao desenvolvimento dos processos maxilares, levou-nos a revisar este conteúdo exemplificando cada caso com material da Disciplina de Patologia da FO/UFRGS, enfatizando o diagnóstico correto como fase inicial e fundamental, para o tratamento. Excluindo os cistos de origem odontogênica devido a sua natureza diversa, Araújo (1) opta pela apresentação em relação a localização, uma vez que estas lesões variam de diagnóstico em função disto, mostrando vários outros aspectos em comum. Assim teremos:
Hiperdivergência
Authors: Simões Wilma Alexandre
Published: April 2020

As relações interdisciplinares entre a otorrinolaringologia, fisioterapia, fonoaudiologia e a ortopedia funcional, ortodontia e cirurgia ortognática exigem a locação correta do diagnóstico e terapêutica em função da idade e gravidade da síndrome evolutiva da hiperdivergência. O estabelecimento de 6 etapas ou níveis na evolução da síndrome ajudam a atitude clínica a ser tomada nestes casos.
Metástase de carcinoma folicular tireoidiano na mandíbula
Authors: Oliveira Gustavo Saggioro , Calzavara Sérgio , Pereira Alessandro Antônio Costa , Consolaro Alberto
Published: April 2020

Os autores apresentam metástase de carcinoma folicular tireoidiano na região posterior da mandíbula e discutem aspectos relativos à incidência, comportamento biológico, diagnóstico, modalidades terapêuticas e a maior frequência das metástases dos maxilares atingirem a região posterior da mandíbula.
Cárie oclusal: análise da variação do diagnóstico clínico e de sua fidelidade radiográfica e macroscópica
Authors: Silva Berenice Barbachan e , Domingues Manoela Gallicchio
Published: April 2020

O objetivo deste estudo é examinar a concordância em relação ao diagnóstico clínico de cárie oclusal em 51 dentes extraídos, entre um grupo de examinadores formados por alunos do último ano da Faculdade de Odontologia-UFRGS, com posterior relacionamento dos achados com o exame radiográfico Bite-Wing e Macroscópico.

Os resultados da etapa clínica demonstram uma grande variação entre o grupo de examinadores, com concordância de 11,76%, além de baixa sensibilidade (0,15 e 0,12) e moderada especificidade (0,48 e 0,50) para exame clínico e radiográfico, respectivamente. Os estudos dos diferentes métodos de diagnóstico da superfície oclusal merecem maior atenção em busca de uma mair fidelidade.
PENINGKATAN PERTUMBUHAN TANAMAN JAGUNG ( Zea mays L.) MENGGUNAKAN JAMUR MIKORIZA ARBUSKULAR DARI JENIS YANG BERBEDA PADA KONDISI CEKAMAN AIR
Authors: Harso Wahyu , Isna Isna , Yusran Yusran
Published: April 2020

Arbsucular mycorrhizal fungi promote plant growth by enhancing mineral uptake. Contribution degree of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi to promote plant growth depend on species of plant-fungus association. The aim of this study was to compare the ability of three species of Glomus to promote maize plant growth. Maize plants were inoculated with 20 g inoculum of either Glomus deserticola, Glomus etunicatum, or Glomus clorum.  Inoculum was soil containing spore, hyphae and infected root. Maize plants without addition inoculum were also used as a control. Water availability in the soil as growing medium was maintained on 40% field capacity. The results showed that addition of inoculum from three species of Glomus increased average of maize plant shoot dry weight  although there was no statisticaly significant differences.  Maize plant inoculated with G. clorum had higher shoot dry weight than maize plant inoculated either with G. etunicatum or G. deserticola while root colonization by G. clorum was lowest.
UJI KEEFEKTIFAN EKSTRAK ALELOPATI AKAR TEKI (Cyperus rotundus L.) DAN BANDOTAN (Ageratum conyzoides L.) TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN SAWI HIJAU (Brassica rapa L.)
Authors: Rahayu Sri , Paserang Asri Pirade , Harso Wahyu
Published: April 2020

Weeds such as Cyperus rotundus L. dan Ageratum conyzoides L. release allelopatic compounds which can inhibit the growth of crops.  The aim of this study was to compare the inhibition of allelopatic compounds contained  C. rotundus L.  and A. conyzoides root exctract to Brassica rapa L.  growth. This study was conducted in a greenhouse  and was based on Completely Randomized Design with two factors. The first factor was type of root extracts (extract from either C. rotundus root or A. conyzoides root) and the second factor was concentration of root extract. Root extract concentrations added to growth medium of B. rapa L. 10 days after planting were 0, 100, 300 and 500 g/L respectifely. The addition of root extract was repeated every week until crop harvested. The results showed that there was not significantly different between C. rotundus and A. conyzoides roots extract to inhibit B. rapa growth.   Increassing of root extract concentrations from both roots increased inhibition of B. rapa growth.
FORMULASI MEDIA PERTUMBUHAN MISELIUM JAMUR TIRAM PUTIH (Pleurotus ostreatus (Jacq) P. Kumm) DENGAN SUPLEMENTASI LIMBAH SABUT KELAPA
Authors: Masyitah Sitti , Umrah Umrah
Published: April 2020

The research entitled Formulation of media for growth of white oyster mushroom mycelium ((Pleurotus ostreatus (Jacq) P. Kumm) with waste of coconut fiber supplementation was carried out out in Biotechnology Laboratory unit, Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences. This research purposes; (a) To find out the formulation of coconut fiber waste as a supplementary medium for growing white oyster mushrooms (P.ostreatus); (b) to find out the formulation at the maximum dose of coconut husk supplementation in the medium for good growth of white oyster mushrooms (P.ostreatus). This study was designed based on a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) consisting of 7 settings and 4 replications. The help arrangement is given between Sawdust: Rice Bran: Lime: Coconut Fiber Waste. Namely M0 (Basic media 100%, without Supplements), M1 Basic media 95% + Supplements 5%, M2 (Basic media 90% + Supplements 10%), M3 (Basic media 85% + Supplements 15%), M4 (Basic media 80% + Supplement 20%), M5 (Basic media 75% + Supplement 25%), M6 (Basic media 70% + Supplement 30%). Observation parameters; (a) prohibiting mycelium; (B) Incubation time; (c) Number of colonies (Colony Forming Units); (d) Macroscopic and microscopic observations of mycelium. The results showed that the fastest mycelium growth in M6 treatment was 1.193 cm and the lowest was M0 treatment which was 1.123 cm. The lowest incubation time at M6 is 28 days and the lowest at M0 is 44 days. The highest number of colonies (CFU) in M6 treatment was 1.96 x 10 -12 CFU / g and the lowest was maintenance of M3 1.03 x 10-12 CFU / g.
Bank regulation and risk in Europe and Central Asia since the global financial crisis
Authors: Anginer Deniz , Demirgüç-Kunt Asli , Mare Davide Salvatore
Published: April 2020

This paper examines changes in bank capital and capital regulations since the global financial crisis, in the Europe and Central Asia region. It shows that banks in Europe and Central Asia are better capitalized, as measured by regulatory capital ratios, than they were prior to the crisis. However, the increase in simple equity ratios for the same banks has been smaller over the past 10 years. The increases in regulatory capital ratios have coincided with a reduction in the stringency of the definition of Tier 1 capital and reduction in risk-weights. We further analyze the relationship between bank capital and bank risk using individual bank data. We show that bank risk in Europe and Central Asia is more sensitive to changes in simple leverage ratios than changes in regulatory capital ratios, consistent with the notion that equity ratios only include high-quality capital and do not rely on internal risk models to compute risk-weights. Although there has been some effort to increase capital and liquidity requirements for institutions deemed systemically important, the region has been lagging in addressing the resolution of these institutions. In line with Demirguc-Kunt, Detragiache, and Merrouche (2013), our findings show the importance of the definition of bank capital to assure bank financial stability in Europe and Central Asia.
Inflation and Price Escalation Adjustments in Estimating Program Cost: F-35 Case Study
Authors: Horowitz Stanley , Harmon Bruce
Published: April 2020

Applying price indexes presents a challenge in estimating the costs of new defense systems. An inappropriate price index—one not closely linked to the inputs to the systems being costed—can introduce errors in both development of cost estimating relationships (CER) and in development of out-year budgets. To help cost analysts understand the impacts of different price indexes, this article applies two sets of price indexes to the F-35 program. Using hedonic price indexes derived from CERs, the authors isolate changes in price due to factors other than changes in quality by developing a “Baseline” CER model using data on historical tactical aircraft programs available early in the F-35 program. The focus of the work is to improve estimates of acquisition costs. All the data used in the econometric analysis are acquisition cost data. Better cost estimates should improve projections of budget requirements.
Software Productivity Trends and Issues
Authors: Tate David M.
Published: April 2020

The Department of Defense is experiencing an explosive increase in its demand for software implemented features in weapon systems. The combination of exponential increases in computing power and similar advances in memory density and speed has made software mediated implementation of system features increasingly attractive. In the meantime, defense software productivity and industrial base capacity have not been growing as quickly as demand. This article uses the limited data that exist regarding defense software supply, demand, and productivity trends to estimate the severity of the capacity bottleneck, then briefly discusses the potential actions available to the Department to mitigate that bottleneck in the long run.
Maternal Obesity and Western-Style Diet Impair Fetal and Juvenile Offspring Skeletal Muscle Insulin-Stimulated Glucose Transport in Nonhuman Primates
Authors: Campodonico-Burnett William , Hetrick Byron , Wesolowski Stephanie R. , Schenk Simon , Takahashi Diana L. , Dean Tyler A. , Sullivan Elinor L. , Kievit Paul , Gannon Maureen , Aagaard Kjersti , Friedman Jacob E. , McCurdy Carrie E.
Published: April 2020

Infants born to mothers with obesity have a greater risk for childhood obesity and metabolic diseases; however, the underlying biological mechanisms remain poorly understood. We used a Japanese macaque model to investigate whether maternal obesity combined with a Western-style diet (WSD) impairs offspring muscle insulin action. Adult females were fed a control or WSD prior to and during pregnancy through lactation, and offspring subsequently weaned to a control or WSD. Muscle glucose uptake and signaling were measured ex vivo in fetal (n = 5–8/group) and juvenile (n = 8/group) offspring. In vivo signaling was evaluated after an insulin bolus just prior to weaning (n = 4–5/group). Maternal WSD reduced insulin-stimulated glucose uptake and impaired insulin signaling at the level of Akt phosphorylation in fetal muscle. In juvenile offspring, insulin-stimulated glucose uptake was similarly reduced by both maternal and postweaning WSD and corresponded to modest reductions in insulin-stimulated Akt phosphorylation relative to controls. We conclude that maternal WSD leads to a persistent decrease in offspring muscle insulin-stimulated glucose uptake even in the absence of increased offspring adiposity or markers of systemic insulin resistance. Switching offspring to a healthy diet did not reverse the effects of maternal WSD on muscle insulin action, suggesting earlier interventions may be warranted.
The Effects of B1344, a Novel Fibroblast Growth Factor 21 Analog, on Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis in Nonhuman Primates
Authors: Cui Aoyuan , Li Jian , Ji Shaohui , Ma Fengguang , Wang Genbei , Xue Yaqian , Liu Zhengshuai , Gao Jing , Han Jun , Tai Ping , Wang Tony , Chen Jianxun , Ma Xiaohui , Li Yu
Published: April 2020

Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis has emerged as a major cause of liver diseases with no effective therapies. Here, we evaluate the efficacies and pharmacokinetics of B1344, a long-acting polyethylene glycolylated (PEGylated) fibroblast growth factor 21 analog, in a nongenetically modified nonhuman primate species that underwent liver biopsy and demonstrate the potential for efficacies in humans. B1344 is sufficient to selectively activate signaling from the βKlotho/FGFR1c receptor complex. In cynomolgus monkeys with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), administration of B1344 via subcutaneous injection for 11 weeks caused a profound reduction of hepatic steatosis, inflammation, and fibrosis, along with amelioration of liver injury and hepatocyte death, as evidenced by liver biopsy specimen and biochemical analysis. Moreover, improvement of metabolic parameters was observed in the monkeys, including reduction of body weight and improvement of lipid profiles and glycemic control. To determine the role of B1344 in the progression of murine NAFLD independent of obesity, B1344 was administered to mice fed a methionine- and choline-deficient diet. Consistently, B1344 administration prevented the mice from lipotoxicity damage and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis in a dose-dependent manner. These results provide preclinical validation for an innovative therapeutic approach to NAFLD and support further clinical testing of B1344 for treating nonalcoholic steatohepatitis and other metabolic diseases in humans.
Predicting the Risk of Inpatient Hypoglycemia With Machine Learning Using Electronic Health Records
Authors: Ruan Yue , Bellot Alexis , Moysova Zuzana , Tan Garry D. , Lumb Alistair , Davies Jim , van der Schaar Mihaela , Rea Rustam
Published: April 2020

OBJECTIVE

We analyzed data from inpatients with diabetes admitted to a large university hospital to predict the risk of hypoglycemia through the use of machine learning algorithms.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

Four years of data were extracted from a hospital electronic health record system. This included laboratory and point-of-care blood glucose (BG) values to identify biochemical and clinically significant hypoglycemic episodes (BG ≤3.9 and ≤2.9 mmol/L, respectively). We used patient demographics, administered medications, vital signs, laboratory results, and procedures performed during the hospital stays to inform the model. Two iterations of the data set included the doses of insulin administered and the past history of inpatient hypoglycemia. Eighteen different prediction models were compared using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) through a 10-fold cross validation.

RESULTS

We analyzed data obtained from 17,658 inpatients with diabetes who underwent 32,758 admissions between July 2014 and August 2018. The predictive factors from the logistic regression model included people undergoing procedures, weight, type of diabetes, oxygen saturation level, use of medications (insulin, sulfonylurea, and metformin), and albumin levels. The machine learning model with the best performance was the XGBoost model (AUROC 0.96). This outperformed the logistic regression model, which had an AUROC of 0.75 for the estimation of the risk of clinically significant hypoglycemia.

CONCLUSIONS

Advanced machine learning models are superior to logistic regression models in predicting the risk of hypoglycemia in inpatients with diabetes. Trials of such models should be conducted in real time to evaluate their utility to reduce inpatient hypoglycemia.
Numerical weld pool simulation for the accuracy improvement of inline weld depth measurement based on optical coherence tomography
Authors: Schmoeller Maximilian , Neureiter Maximilian , Stadter Christian , Zaeh Michael F.
Published: April 2020

The aluminum alloy AA6082 is often used in high-voltage storage systems due to its favorable electrical and mechanical properties. Laser beam welding is a flexible process for producing the required welds. To protect the sensitive components of the battery cells, the required weld depth must be maintained in order to avoid destruction of the components and to reduce the number of defective parts. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a promising method for the inline monitoring of the deep welding process, since the depth of the vapor capillary can be measured without the influence of process emissions such as process light or welding fumes. Due to the robustness of the measurement method, the measured depth of the keyhole can be used as an input variable for a process control. However, there is a geometric difference between the optically detectable keyhole depth and the melt pool depth. This depth is additionally determined by fluid dynamic processes in the melt pool. In order to consider the difference between the melt pool depth and the keyhole depth when evaluating OCT measurement signals, a thermal simulation model was developed. By iteratively adapting the keyhole geometry in the simulation on the basis of genetic algorithms, an optimization of the correlation was achieved. The model was calibrated based on the comparison of metallographic cross sections with the calculated melt pool geometries. The results were used to provide a database for improving the performance of the signal processing algorithms. Based on the calculation results, it was possible to determine and quantify a dependence of the melt film thickness below the keyhole on the welding process parameters. By including the melt thickness below the keyhole, it was possible to increase the accuracy in the interpretation of OCT data with regard to the welding depth. The quantity can thus be used as an input quantity for signal processing algorithms for OCT data evaluation.
Comparative analysis of the potential of state-of-the-art lasers and new prototypic high-power beam sources for cutting nonmetals
Authors: Mickan Alexander , Rose Michael , Hauptmann Jan , Wetzig Andreas , Leyens Christoph
Published: April 2020

At Fraunhofer IWS Dresden, different, partially prototypic high-power continuous wave (cw) beam sources for the remote laser processing of nonmetals with galvanometric-driven scanner systems are available. The emitted wavelengths of the lasers cover the range from visible light to mid-infrared. A spectroscopic analysis was performed to gain insight into the processability of typical nonmetal materials with single wavelengths. The wavelength-depending absorption was calculated based on the measured reflectivity and transmissivity of the selected materials. Relating to these results, the theoretic potential of the beam sources was verified in a comparable cutting research. The investigated work pieces are representatives of the groups of thermoplastics and thermosets, fiber-reinforced polymers, glasses, natural fiber textiles, and cellulosic based materials. The laser systems were divided in two groups for the investigation. To get a reference of the processability with state-of-the-art cw systems, a CO2 laser with a wavelength of 10.6 μm and a solid-state Yb:YAG fiber laser with 1.07 μm were used. The new prototypic beam sources were a green laser with a wavelength of 0.515 μm, a CO laser with a range of 5.3–5.8 μm, and a CO2 laser with 9.3 μm in a power range from 1 to 1.5 kW. Differences in the possible focusability are caused by the wavelengths and given beam qualities. For a direct comparison, these differences needed to be compensated. To get comparable intensities, the spot diameter in the working distance for each laser was set to 250 μm. This allows to process the materials with almost the same intensities. Since the laser sources with the short wavelengths offer a better focusability, experiments with the smallest possible focus diameters for the used optics were performed to get an optimized ablation result. Finally, the aim of the research was to evaluate the suitability of the available beam sources for new fields of application. The latest results of experimental and theoretical investigations on the remote laser processing of nonmetals with a wide range of laser wavelength will be presented and discussed.
Monitoring method of weld penetration in laser keyhole welding irradiated by laser auxiliary illuminant
Authors: Zhao Penghui , Lu Rundong , Wu Jiazhu , Zhang Yi
Published: April 2020

In the field of automotive manufacturing, it is pivotal to obtain a moderate penetration status when joining automotive parts by laser keyhole welding. As a typical characteristic of laser keyhole welding, keyhole behavior can directly reflect the penetration status of the weld bead. In this paper, a coaxial vision monitoring system with a laser auxiliary illuminant is established to collect the keyhole images from the top-face of the weldment during laser welding. The interferences of the bright spot caused by mirror reflection and metal vapors in the collected images are fully considered. Then, a hybrid adaptive keyhole detection algorithm is proposed to accurately segment the keyhole region. Five static image features are extracted from the perspective of the average gray value, area, and perimeter in the keyhole region. The feature selection method of Wrapper, which combines a sequential forward searching algorithm with a random forest classifier, is used to select ten penetration status features (PSFs). The constructed prediction model of weld penetration based on the selected PSFs has excellent performance. The proposed monitoring method in laser keyhole welding irradiated by a laser auxiliary illuminant is contributed to the closed-loop control of weld penetration to obtain a moderate penetration status.
«Гемодинамическая реабилитация» левого желудочка у детей в ранние сроки после хирургической коррекции тотального аномального дренажа легочных вен
Authors: Morozov A.A. , Movsesian R.R. , Fedorova N.V. , Golubeva M.V. , Vasichkina E.S.
Published: April 2020

Введение.Тотальный аномальный дренаж легочных вен (ТАДЛВ) характеризуется отсутствием прямого соединения всех легочных вен с левым предсердием. Наполнение левых камер сердца и, как следствие, системный выброс левого желудочка (ЛЖ) обеспечивается за счет межпредсердного сообщения (МПС). У пациентов с ТАДЛВ отмечается исходное уменьшение размеров ЛЖ как за счет перегрузки правых отделов объемом и давлением, так и вследствие рестрикции на межпредсердном уровне. Оценка способности левого желудочка к его гемодинамической реабилитации после хирургической коррекции порока является актуальным вопросом, что и является целью настоящей работы. Материал и методы.Количественные данные представлены в виде медианы и интерквартильного диапазона Ме 25 75. В исследование включены 36 пациентов с ТАДЛВ в возрасте 37,5 13 104 дня и массой тела 4,5 3,5 5 кг. Пациентам выполнена трансторакальная эхокардиография с измерением митрального клапана, межпредсердного сообщения, с расчетом Z-score конечного диастолического размера (КДР) ЛЖ и индексированного конечного диастолического объема (иКДО) ЛЖ до и после хирургического лечения. У пациентов с выполненной дооперационной мультиспиральной компьютерно-томографической (МСКТ) ангиографией проведена оценка размеров желудочков и их исходного соотношения. Результаты.Дооперационный диаметр митрального клапана МК составил 12 9,7 12,5 мм, Z-score МК соответствовал 0,15 1,03 1,02, диаметр МПС 6 5 8 мм, Z-score КДР ЛЖ составил 3,4 4,25 2,74, иКДО ЛЖ 23,3 18,7 30,3 мл/м2. Соотношение левого и правого желудочков составило 0,67 0,53 0,8. Послеоперационный Z-score КДР ЛЖ составил 0,91 1,61 0,31, иКДО ЛЖ увеличился до 50,9 42,9 55,8 мл/м2 (p0,001). Выводы.Несмотря на исходное уменьшение ЛЖ, устранение компрессии и создание адекватной преднагрузки обеспечивает гемодинамическую реабилитацию ЛЖ с нормализацией его размеров в ранние сроки после операции.
Ближайшие и отдаленные результаты бимаммарного коронарного шунтирования у пожилых пациентов
Authors: Galimov N.M. , Martirosian A.K. , ZHbanov I.V. , Uriuzhnikov V.V. , Kiladze I.Z. , Revishvili G.A. , SHabalkin B.V. , Perevertov V.A. , Aleksandrova E.N.
Published: April 2020

Цель исследования изучить ближайшие и отдаленные результаты после коронарного шунтирования с использованием двух внутренних грудных артерий (ВГА) у пожилых пациентов и определить перспекти- вы этой операции в данной возрастной группе. Материал и методы.Проведен ретро- и проспективный анализ результатов хирургического лечения 205 пациентов старше 70 лет, которым выполнили изолированное коронарное шунтирование. Сформированы две группы: в 1-й группе (n102) использовали две ВГА, во 2-й группе (n103) одну ВГА. При ана- лизе результатов в послеоперационном периоде (среднее время наблюдения 6626 мес) исследовали длительность пребывания пациентов в кардиореанимации и стационаре, выживаемость после опера- ции, свободу от кардиальных событий (инфаркт миокарда, рецидив стенокардии, фатальные нарушения ритма, повторная реваскуляризация миокарда). Результаты.Отмечено достоверное увеличение времени операции в группе, где для реваскуляризации миокарда использовали обе ВГА (259,753,8 мин против 235,445,3 мин, p0,001). Время пребывания в отделении кардиореанимации и частота развития периоперационных осложнений между группами достоверно не различались (p0,05). Анализ кумулятивной выживаемости также не выявил статисти- чески достоверных различий после коронарного шунтирования с использованием двух и одной ВГА за 7-летний период наблюдения (p0,112). Тогда как свобода от кардиальных осложнений была достовер- но выше в группе, где использовали обе ВГА (82,9 против 68,2, p0,016). Заключение.Ближайшие послеоперационные результаты коронарного шунтирования с использованием двух ВГА у пациентов пожилого возраста не отличаются от таковых при традиционном коронарном шунтировании с одной ВГА. Бимаммарное коронарное шунтирование у пациентов данной возрастной группы не связано с ростом частоты периоперационных осложнений и при достаточном опыте может выполняться на высоком уровне безопасности.
Приступы загрудинных болей у пациентки с протезированным митральным клапаном и имплантированным однокамерным электрокардиостимулятором
Authors: Magomedova N.M. , Filatov A.G. , Kazanovskaia S.N. , Goluhova E.Z.
Published: April 2020

В статье представлен клинический случай пациентки с протезированным митральным клапаном, имплантированным электрокардиостимулятором (ЭКС) в режиме VVIR со стимуляцией правого желудочка из области верхушки, типичными приступами стенокардии вследствие нарушения работы сенсора частотной адаптации. Существенной трудностью является исключение стресс-индуцированной ишемии у пациентов, зависимых от электрокардиостимуляции, так как одышку можно расценить как эквивалент стенокардии. У пациентов с постоянной электрокардиостимуляцией при выявлении стресс-индуцированных нарушений сократимости единственным способом исключения ишемической болезни сердца является коронароангиография. У пациентов с электрокардиостимуляторами, снабженными функцией частотной адаптации, нередко встречается избыточный прирост частоты стимуляции (так называемые сенсор-опосредованные тахикардии). Эпизоды тахикардии могут индуцировать ишемию, явиться причиной инфаркта миокарда. При помощи метода холтеровского мониторирования электрокардиограммы (ЭКГ) возможно выявление связи жалоб пациента с изменением работы ЭКС, подбор адекватного, индивидуального для каждого пациента, режима ЭКС. В представленном клиническом случае при помощи метода холтеровского мониторирования удалось выяснить причину возникновения ангинозных болей у пациентки и успешно ее устранить. Для пациента с постоянной электрокардиостимуляцией крайне важным является индивидуальный и тщательный подбор режима частотной адаптации. Может потребоваться несколько нагрузочных тестов, холтеровских мониторирований, длительных телеметрических исследований, прежде чем пациент будет чувствовать себя комфортно
“Menyama Braya”: Pondasi Utama Relasi Dialog Agama-Agama di Desa Dalung, Bali
Authors: Ludji Ferdinand , Samiyono David , Lattu Izak Y.M.
Published: April 2020

The purpose of this study is to describe and analyze the life values of the Balinese "Menyama Braya", as one of the values of "local wisdom" (local wisdom), which will be a common reference as social capital, and can sustainably become the main foundation or foundation in maintain harmony in inter-religious dialogue relations in the village of Dalung, Bali. Through the concept of life "braving", the social cohesion of the Dalung community so far has been maintained. This research uses a qualitative-descriptive approach. Primary data were obtained through in-depth interviews with: village government, religious leaders, and elements of community institutions as representatives of each religion. Finally, the results of the analysis of the data obtained show that "matching braya" can be used as the main foundation of inter-religious dialogue relations in the village of Dalung. By referring to the values of local wisdom which are the heritage of the ancestors as social capital, the Dalung people are able to offer patterns of inter-religious relations that promote relational dialogue and share humanist civilization values. This study aims to examine other social values, which are considered as supporting instruments of the concept of "equalizing braya", especially in building inter-religious dialogue relations to penetrate the boundaries of differences.
Pengembangan Kurikulum Pendidikan Agama Islam Berbasis Multikultural
Authors: Firmansyah Firmansyah
Published: April 2020

The curriculum is an instrument to run an education system to be more targeted in accordance with what is aspired in national education. The development of community life that is very dynamic and can even happen quickly requires the development of the curriculum must also be able to adjust to the development of this social life. Indonesia is known as a multicultural country that consists of diverse tribes and religions that inhabit this region. The diversity of cultural patterns in ethnicity and religion can certainly be a trigger for friction between each of these groups. To overcome this, the world of education in facing this challenge needs to think about how curriculum development that leads to harmony that responds to this multicultural situation. Curriculum development cannot be separated from several instruments, namely the objective component, affective domain, and psychomotor domain. Likewise in the multicultural-based Islamic religious education curriculum which must also refer to these domains despite having the goal of helping to create a life that is tolerant of the multicultural life of Indonesian people. The research method used in this research is the literature study method by examining several literature studies in the form of books, journals, archives and other documentation about the curriculum which can then be analyzed for inclusion in multicultural-based Islamic religious education curriculum development.
Pengelolaan Sampah Daur Ulang Sebagai Kreasi Seni Masyarakat Doudo
Authors: Handayani Latifah , Yanuartuti Setyo
Published: April 2020

Society can be called the human life that is in a single unit, interact with each other according to the prevailing custom system, is continuous, and is bound by shared identity. Doudo Village, until 2015, had a serious problem with household waste problems. The community as the party involved, is obliged to manage household rubbish as an effort to protect the environment. The method used in this study is a qualitative method by taking a case in Doudo Village. The purpose of this study is to explain the Doudo Village Community system which has two ways of managing their household waste. Namely, through the garbage bank, which is deposited once a week. Then also, how they process the results of the garbage bank into an art creation, which has a sale value. The results of this study can be seen from changes in local values in producing a creative economy. In the form of weekly income of residents who deposit waste at the Trash Bank. As well as artistic creations made from the results of garbage collection at the Trash Bank itself.
The Special is Women: Suatu Ritual Adat Masuk Minta di Tanimbar Provinsi Maluku
Authors: Wearulun Matelda , Gulo Yurulina
Published: April 2020

This paper aims to describe a traditional ritual in Tanimbar-Maluku, which is the ritual of asking for requests or applications with its own uniqueness in which the position and value of women are very high because they have a special room that no one can find, with this ritual, women's existence is in the spotlight both in the scope of the family and society in dealing with polemic about the position of women today. The problem in this paper is focused on the value of women in adat which can be implemented or equated with the reality of social life so that the position of men and women can be equal. To approach this problem the theoretical references from the theory of cultural structuralism and the theory of postmodern feminism are used to collaborate between interconnected cultural and feminist roles. The data is collected through observation and interview results from the informant descriptively ... and the data analysis conducted is qualitative analysis. The results obtained are ritual entrance asking to pay attention to the position and values of women; it is not arbitrary to get women (Tanimbar) so this paper provides a concrete contribution that reconstructs the understanding of women's position and values in cultural and social contexts so that there is a balance between men and women.
Model Pendampingan Ritual Fua Tulu di Gereja Sesawi Oekamusa Fua Tulu Ritual Accompaniment at Sesawi Oekamusa Curch
Authors: Banoet Riana S. C. , Engel Jopie D. , Nuban Timo Ebenhaizer I.
Published: April 2020

This study aims are to describe and analyse the important value of Fua Tulu Ceremonial for the Society.  This value produce an efficient ritual accompaniment, starting from congregation guilding in Sesawi Oekamusa curch as a part of Mnelalete citizens. The method were used is qualitative approach in which be described. This study applies the development of qualitative research methods and library research. Collecting data is done by interview, observation and theoretical review. The result and discussion of this paper describe and analyze the important social values in this ritual for the community. This exploration can be an effective accompaniment model to improving the communities self confidence, not only of their own personality strength, but also of their environment potency, utilize the togetherness trait of congregation. It is valuable for such positive behavioral, from pessimistic and hopeless sensivity to optimistic and hopefull personal. The curch and also other kind of partnership be recommended to use Fua Tulu accompaniment.  The advance of Fua Tulu as pastoral support could be the strengthness of the curch to addresse the agriculture matters and also to prevent other problems. The author recommends to other researcher to complement this kind of ritual accompaniment.
Analisis Peran Indonesia dalam Penyelesaian Konflik Thailand dan Kamboja Melalui Pendekatan National Role Conception
Authors: Antuli Rezky Ramadhan , Heryadi Dudy , Rezasyah Teuku
Published: April 2020

Konflik berkepenjangan yang melibatkan Thailand dan kamboja banyak mendapatkan sorontan dunia Internasional. Banyak pihak yang ingin menjadi pihak ketiga sebagai mediator dalam konflik tersebut salah satunya Indonesia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan dan menganalisis peran Indonesia dalam upaya penyelesaian konflik melalui pendekatan National Role Conception. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif. Berdasarakan kerangka konseptual dengan menggunakan konsepsi peran nasional, Indonesia bertindak sebagai mediator-integrator dengan melakukan upaya shuttle diplomacy sebagai konsep peran nasionalnya dan memfasilitasi berbagai macam pertemuan bilateral maupun multilateral sebagai bentuk nyata tindakan Indonesia dalam upaya penyelesain konflik.