ИНСТИТУЦИОНАЛЬНЫЕ ПРОБЛЕМЫ РЕГУЛИРОВАНИЯ ПРОЦЕССОВ КЛАСТЕРИЗАЦИИ И ИННОВАЦИОННОГО РАЗВИТИЯ ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКИХ СИСТЕМ РОССИЙСКИХ РЕГИОНОВ
Authors: Ларионова Н.И. , Напольских Д.Л. , Ялялиева Т.В. 
Published: February 2025

Представлены методологические особенности реализации двух этапов кластерной политики в Российской Федерации, целью которых является обеспечение форсированного формирования инновационных кластеров в регионах, не охваченных процессами кластеризации, а также развития уже функционирующих кластеров. Сделан вывод, что для современного этапа реализации кластерной политики в Российской Федерации характерно приоритетное применение административно-распорядительной и программно-целевой моделей. Определено, что переход России ко второму этапу реализации политики кластерного развития потребует перехода к инфраструктурно-институциональной и медиаторной моделям. На основе закономерностей размещения производства в экономическом пространстве страны выделены основные принципы и направления государственного регулирования процессов кластеризации экономических систем российских регионов.

Introduction. These days the theoretical and methodological foundations for regulation of clustering processes within the Russian economic science are at the stage of active development. It should be noted that the unadapted application of foreign experience to the Russian realities in regulating the processes of clustering and innovative development of regional economic systems is not a rational approach to the science and practice areas of state regulation of the economy. The goal of the research is to identify the major institutional problems and directions for improving the model of regulation of clustering processes in Russian regions. Research methodology. The research is based on the dialectical method of scientific cognition which involves the consideration of economic relations in their relationship and development. A systematic approach is widely used it involves a comprehensive study and structural and logical ordering of the cluster as a complex economic system. The methods of structural and comparative analysis were also in demand. The solution of the considered scientific problems required the use of such general theoretical methods of research as abstraction and concretization, analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction, comparison and opposition. The study of trends in innovative development of Russian regions is based on the use of economic and statistical methods as the method of summary and grouping, and the method of selective observation. Conclusion. It is concluded that today the Russian Federation faces the task of actively applying the methodological tools of the first stage of cluster policy to ensure the accelerated formation of innovative clusters in regions not covered by clustering processes. Adaptation of the tools of the second stage for already functioning clusters is also actively carried out. When studying the processes of formation and development of clusters in addition to the general scientific principles (scientificity, objectivity, systemacity and complexity of the study), it is necessary to adhere to the following methodological principles: the principle of taking into account the regional specificity of cluster development and the principle of practical feasibility of economic clustering models.