bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Risk Factors for Decline of Residual Renal Function in Children Treated with Peritoneal Dialysis
Authors: Roszkowska-Blaim Maria , Skrzypczyk Piotr
Published: September 2016

Background

The aim of the study was to assess risk factors for residual renal function (RRF) decline in children during the first/second year of chronic peritoneal dialysis (PD).

Methods

The study group included 56 children with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) (age 10.13 ± 4.86 years), including 18 on continuous ambulatory PD (CAPD) and 38 on automated PD (APD), in whom we evaluated RRF (daily diuresis [mL/m2/24 h], residual glomerular filtration rate (rGFR) [mL/min/1.73 m2]), etiology of ESRD, PD fluid volume (mL/m2/24 h), glucose load (g/m2/24 h), ultrafiltration (mL/m2/24 h), peritoneal permeability (D/PCrea 4h, D/D0 Glu 4h), dialysis adequacy (twKt/V, twCCr [L/week/1.73 m2]), blood pressure (BP), biochemical parameters, and medications used. Duration of follow-up was 24 months.

Results

Mean diuresis before initiation of PD was 1,394.93 ± 698.37 (mL/m2/24 h), and mean rGFR was 7.41 ± 3.96 (mL/min/1.73 m2). The rate of daily diuresis decline was -529.34 ± 546.28 in the first year and -107.10 ± 291.54 (mL/m2/24 h) in the second year ( p = 0.005), and the rate of rGFR decline was -3.35 ± 3.73 in the first year and -1.63 ± 1.85 (mL/min/1.73 m2) in the second year ( p = 0.118). Eleven (19.64%) patients became anuric. In univariate analysis, the rate of daily diuresis decline in the first year was related to baseline diuresis ( r = -0.29, p = 0.031), proteinuria ( r = -0.43, p = 0.001), and systolic BP ( r = -0.31, p = 0.020); 12-month changes (Δ0 - 12) in PD fluid volume ( r = -0.37, p = 0.004), glucose load ( r = -0.28, p = 0.035), and ultrafiltration ( r = -0.38, p = 0.004); serum calcium-phosphorus product ( r = -0.41, p = 0.002); and Δ0 - 12 body mass index (BMI) Z-score ( r = 0.30, p = 0.024); while the rate of rGFR decline in the first year was related only to baseline rGFR ( r = -0.57, p < 0.001). In multivariate analysis, significant predictors of the rate of daily diuresis decline in the first year were baseline diuresis (P = -0.386, p < 0.001) and proteinuria (p = -0.278, p = 0.017), mean systolic BP Z-score (P = -0.237, p = 0.027), and age at the onset of PD (P = -0.224, p = 0.037), while predictors of the rate of rGFR decline were baseline rGFR (P = -0.607, p < 0.001) and baseline proteinuria (P = -0.225, p = 0.046). In the second year, the only predictors of the rate of rGFR decline were D/D0 Glu 4h ( r = 0.44, p = 0.033, univariate analysis) and rGFR at 12 months (P = -0.499, p = 0.044).

Conclusion

The most important risk factors for rapid RRF decline in children during the first year of chronic PD include higher baseline daily diuresis and proteinuria, and additional factors are systolic BP and age at the onset of PD; while high baseline GFR and low peritoneal transport status may be the only important factors during the second year.
The Effect of Serum Sodium on Survival in Patients Treated by Peritoneal Dialysis in the United Kingdom
Authors: Al-Chidadi Asmaa , Nitsch Dorothea , Davenport Andrew
Published: September 2016

Background

Studies in hemodialysis patients suggest that hyponatremia is associated with increased mortality. However, results from peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients are discordant. We wished to establish whether there was an association between serum sodium and mortality risk in PD patients.

Methods

We analyzed 3,108 PD patients enrolled at day 90 of renal replacement therapy (RRT) into the UK Renal Registry (UKRR) data base with available serum sodium measurements (in 3 groups: ≤ 137, 138 - 140, ≥ 141 mmol/L) who were then followed up until death or the censoring date (31 December 2012). Analysis used Cox-regression with adjustment for age, sex, year of starting RRT, primary renal disease, serum albumin, smoking, and comorbidities.

Results

Unadjusted mortality rates were 118.6/1,000 person-years (py), 83.4/1,000 py, and 83.5/1,000 py for the lowest, middle, and highest serum sodium tertiles, respectively. After adjustment for covariates, patients in the lowest serum sodium group had almost 50% increased risk of dying compared with those with the highest serum sodium (hazard ratio [HR] 1.49, confidence interval [CI]:1.28 - 1.74), with a graded association between serum sodium and mortality. The association of serum sodium with mortality varied by age (p interaction < 0.001), and whilst this association attenuated after adjustment for confounding variables in the older age groups (55 - 64, and > 65 years), it remained in the younger age group of 18 - 54 years (HR 2.24 [1.36 – 3.70] in the lowest compared with the highest sodium tertile).

Conclusions

Lower serum sodium concentrations at the start of RRT in PD patients are associated with increased risk of mortality. Whilst this association may well be due to confounding in the older age groups, the persistent strong association between hyponatremia and mortality in the younger age group after adjustment for the available confounders suggests that prospective studies are required to assess whether active intervention to maintain serum sodium changes outcomes.
Compatibility of Meropenem with Different Commercial Peritoneal Dialysis Solutions
Authors: Wiesholzer Martin , Winter Alexandra , Kussmann Manuel , Zeitlinger Markus , Pichler Petra , Burgmann Heinz , Reznicek Gottfried , Poeppl Wolfgang
Published: September 2016

Background

Intraperitoneal administration of antimicrobial agents is recommended for the treatment of peritoneal dialysis (PD)-related peritonitis. For home-based antimicrobial therapy it is common to supply patients with PD fluid bags with admixed antibiotic. Thus, the compatibility of meropenem with different PD fluids (PDFs), namely Extraneal, Physioneal 1.36% and Physioneal 2.27% (all Baxter Healthcare Corp., Deerfield, IL, USA), was investigated under varying storage conditions.

Methods

Meropenem (Venus Pharma, Werne, Germany) was stored at 6°C and 25°C over 14 days and at 37°C over 24 hours. Drug concentration over time was determined using high performance liquid chromatography, drug activity by a diffusion disk method, diluent stability by visual inspection and drug adsorption was calculated. Blank PD fluids and deionized water were used as comparator solutions.

Results

Compared to water, the stability of meropenem was minimally lower in Extraneal but markedly reduced in both Physioneal solutions. No significant drug adsorption was detected for any PDF investigated.

Conclusions

Meropenem is stable and compatible with Extraneal and might be stored for up to a week at refrigeration temperature (6°C). A loss of ∼20% of meropenem after 2 days at room temperature should be considered. Mixed Physioneal appears not suitable for storage at any temperature after meropenem has been admixed. A considerable drug degradation due to the warming up to body temperature through heating plates should further be taken into account in clinical practice.
Early Peritonitis in A Large Peritoneal Dialysis Provider System in Colombia
Authors: Vargas Edgar , Blake Peter G. , Sanabria Mauricio , Bunch Alfonso , López Patricia , Vesga Jasmín , Buitrago Alberto , Astudillo Kindar , Devia Martha , Sánchez Ricardo
Published: September 2016

Background

Peritonitis is the most important complication of peritoneal dialysis (PD), and early peritonitis rate is predictive of the subsequent course on PD. Our aim was to calculate the early peritonitis rate and to identify characteristics and predisposing factors in a large nationwide PD provider network in Colombia.

Methods

This was a historical observational cohort study of all adult patients starting PD between January 1, 2012, and December 31, 2013, in 49 renal facilities in the Renal Therapy Services in Colombia. We studied the peritonitis rate in the first 90 days of treatment, its causative micro-organisms, its predictors and its variation with time on PD and between individual facilities.

Results

A total of 3,525 patients initiated PD, with 176 episodes of peritonitis during 752 patient-years of follow-up for a rate of 0.23 episodes per patient year equivalent to 1 every 52 months. In 41 of 49 units, the rate was better than 1 per 33 months, and in 45, it was better than 1 per 24 months. Peritonitis rates did not differ with age, ethnicity, socioeconomic status, or PD modality. We identified high incidence risk periods at 2 to 5 weeks after initiation of PD and again at 10 to 12 weeks.

Conclusion

An excellent peritonitis rate was achieved across a large nationwide network. This occurred in the context of high nationwide PD utilization and despite high rates of socioeconomic deprivation. We propose that a key factor in achieving this was a standardized approach to management of patients.
MEASURING TRANSIT SIGNAL RECOVERY IN THE KEPLER PIPELINE. III. COMPLETENESS OF THE Q1–Q17 DR24 PLANET CANDIDATE CATALOG WITH IMPORTANT CAVEATS FOR OCCURRENCE RATE CALCULATIONS
Authors: Christiansen Jessie L. , Clarke Bruce D. , Burke Christopher J. , Jenkins Jon M. , Bryson Stephen T. , Coughlin Jeffrey L. , Mullally Fergal , Thompson Susan E. , Twicken Joseph D. , Batalha Natalie M. , Haas Michael R. , Catanzarite Joseph , Campbell Jennifer R. , Uddin AKM Kamal , Zamudio Khadeejah , Smith Jeffrey C. , Henze Christopher E.
Published: September 2016

With each new version of the Kepler pipeline and resulting planet candidate catalog, an updated measurement of the underlying planet population can only be recovered with a corresponding measurement of the Kepler pipeline detection efficiency. Here we present measurements of the sensitivity of the pipeline (version 9.2) used to generate the Q1–Q17 DR24 planet candidate catalog. We measure this by injecting simulated transiting planets into the pixel-level data of 159,013 targets across the entire Kepler focal plane, and examining the recovery rate. Unlike previous versions of the Kepler pipeline, we find a strong period dependence in the measured detection efficiency, with longer (>40 day) periods having a significantly lower detectability than shorter periods, introduced in part by an incorrectly implemented veto. Consequently, the sensitivity of the 9.2 pipeline cannot be cast as a simple one-dimensional function of the signal strength of the candidate planet signal, as was possible for previous versions of the pipeline. We report on the implications for occurrence rate calculations based on the Q1–Q17 DR24 planet candidate catalog, and offer important caveats and recommendations for performing such calculations. As before, we make available the entire table of injected planet parameters and whether they were recovered by the pipeline, enabling readers to derive the pipeline detection sensitivity in the planet and/or stellar parameter space of their choice.
MULTI-PHASE NATURE OF A RADIATION-DRIVEN FOUNTAIN WITH NUCLEAR STARBURST IN A LOW-MASS ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEUS
Authors: Wada Keiichi , Schartmann Marc , Meijerink Rowin
Published: September 2016

The structures and dynamics of molecular, atomic, and ionized gases are studied around a low-luminosity active galactic nucleus (AGN) with a small (

2
×

10

6

M

⊙

) black hole using three-dimensional (3D) radiation–hydrodynamic simulations. We studied, for the first time, the non-equilibrium chemistry for the X-ray-dominated region in the “radiation-driven fountain” with supernova feedback. A double hollow cone structure is naturally formed without postulating a thick “torus” around a central source. The cone is occupied with an inhomogeneous, diffuse ionized gas and surrounded by a geometrically thick (

h

/

r
≳
1

) atomic gas. Dense molecular gases are distributed near the equatorial plane, and energy feedback from supernovae enhances their scale height. Molecular hydrogen exists in a hot phase (>1000 K) as well as in a cold (

<
100

K

), dense (

>

10

3

cm

−
3

) phase. The velocity dispersion of H2 in the vertical direction is comparable to the rotational velocity, which is consistent with near-infrared observations of nearby Seyfert galaxies. Using 3D radiation transfer calculations for the dust emission, we find polar emission in the mid-infrared band (12 μm), which is associated with bipolar outflows, as suggested in recent interferometric observations of nearby AGNs. If the viewing angle for the nucleus is larger than 75°, the spectral energy distribution is consistent with that of the Circinus galaxy. The multi-phase interstellar medium observed in optical/infrared and X-ray observations is also discussed.
A RESOLVED MAP OF THE INFRARED EXCESS IN A LYMAN BREAK GALAXY AT z = 3
Authors: Koprowski M. P. , Coppin K. E. K. , Geach J. E. , Hine N. K. , Bremer M. , Chapman S. , Davies L. J. M. , Hayashino T. , Knudsen K. K. , Kubo M. , Lehmer B. D. , Matsuda Y. , Smith D. J. B. , van der Werf P. P. , Violino G. , Yamada T.
Published: September 2016

We have observed the dust continuum of 10 z = 3.1 Lyman break galaxies with the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array at ∼450 mas resolution in Band 7. We detect and resolve the 870 μm emission in one of the targets with a flux density of S
870 = 192 ± 57 μJy, and measure a stacked 3σ signal of S
870 = 67 ± 23 μJy for the remaining nine. The total infrared luminosities are L
8–1000 = (8.4 ± 2.3) × 1010
L
⊙ for the detection and L
8–1000 = (2.9 ± 0.9) × 1010
L
⊙ for the stack. With Hubble Space Telescope Advanced Camera for Surveys I-band imaging we map the rest-frame UV emission on the same scale as the dust, effectively resolving the “infrared excess” (IRX = L
FIR/L
UV) in a normal galaxy at z = 3. Integrated over the galaxy we measure IRX = 0.56 ± 0.15, and the galaxy-averaged UV slope is β = −1.25 ± 0.03. This puts the galaxy a factor of ∼10 below the IRX–β relation for local starburst nuclei of Meurer et al. However, IRX varies by more than a factor of 3 across the galaxy, and we conclude that the complex relative morphology of the dust relative to UV emission is largely responsible for the scatter in the IRX–β relation at high-z. A naive application of a Meurer-like dust correction based on the UV slope would dramatically overestimate the total star formation rate, and our results support growing evidence that when integrated over the galaxy, the typical conditions in high-z star-forming galaxies are not analogous to those in the local starburst nuclei used to establish the Meurer relation.
AxIOM: Amphipod crustaceans from insular Posidonia oceanica seagrass meadows
Authors: Michel Loïc , Sturaro Nicolas , Heughebaert André , Lepoint Gilles
Published: September 2016

The Neptune grass, Posidonia oceanica (L.) Delile, 1813, is the most widespread seagrass of the Mediterranean Sea. This foundation species forms large meadows that, through habitat and trophic services, act as biodiversity hotspots. In Neptune grass meadows, amphipod crustaceans are one of the dominant groups of vagile invertebrates, forming an abundant and diverse taxocenosis. They are key ecological components of the complex, pivotal, yet critically endangered Neptune grass ecosystems. Nevertheless, comprehensive qualitative and quantitative data about amphipod fauna found in Mediterranean Neptune grass meadows remain scarce, especially in insular locations.

Here, we provide in-depth metadata about AxIOM, a sample-based dataset published on the GBIF portal. AxIOM is based on an extensive and spatially hierarchized sampling design with multiple years, seasons, day periods, and methods. Samples were taken along the coasts of Calvi Bay (Corsica, France) and of the Tavolara-Punta Coda Cavallo Marine Protected Area (Sardinia, Italy). In total, AxIOM contains 187 samples documenting occurrence (1775 records) and abundance (10720 specimens) of amphipod crustaceans belonging to 72 species spanning 29 families. The dataset is available at http://ipt.biodiversity.be/resource?r=axiom.
Contribución al conocimiento de los tricópteros (Insecta: Trichoptera) de Andalucía
Authors: Ruiz-García Antonio , Sáinz-Bariáin Marta , Zamora-Muñoz Carmen
Published: September 2016

A partir de una exhaustiva revisión bibliográfica y de nuevos datos aportados en este estudio se establece que el número de especies de tricópteros registradas en Andalucía asciende a 136, incluidas en 53 géneros y 17 familias. Este número equivale aproximadamente al 38% de las especies presentes en la península ibérica. Catagapetus mclachlani y Oxyethira falcata constituyen nuevas citas para Andalucía, así como el género Beraea. Se confirma asimismo la presencia de Stenophylax permistus. Además se menciona una nueva especie de Hydropsyche, otra de Helicopsyche y una probable nueva especie del género Agapetus. Las familias mejor representadas son Hydroptilidade (18%), Limnephilidae (17%), Leptoceridae (13%) e Hydropsychidae (13%). Con esta actualización se han registrado 86 nuevas citas provinciales, mejorando sensiblemente los inventarios de las provincias de Granada, Jaén, Málaga y Sevilla. Los tricópteros de las provincias de Almería y especialmente los de Huelva, permanecen sin embargo muy poco estudiados. El estudio biogeográfico llevado a cabo entre las ocho unidades geográficas propuestas muestra tres grandes dominios diferenciados: Sierra Morena, el Sistema Bético y la depresión del Guadalquivir. Contrariamente a lo que se podría pensar, la tricopterofauna de las sierras Béticas húmedas (Serranía de Ronda y Campo de Gibraltar) parece mostrar una mayor similitud con la de Sierra Morena. La fauna de tricópteros andaluza está formada mayoritariamente por componentes de origen europeo (más del 50%) y endemismos (42%), de los que un 60% son exclusivos de Andalucía. Estos datos muestran que, dentro de la península ibérica, esta región destaca como una zona importante de refugio y centro de especiación para los tricópteros.
Bloque de viviendas, Viale Pinturicchio - Roma
Authors: Luccichenti V.
Published: September 2016

Este edificio fue realizado por iniciativa del Instituto de Viviendas Económicas, de Roma, sobre un terreno de 1.150 m2 cercano al Tíber. Tal proximidad exigió una labor compleja de cimentación, ya que el proyecto determinaba una construcción de once plantas.
Viviendas, en Finsbury, Londres
Authors: Skinner - Bailey - Lubetkin Arquitectos , Green A.
Published: September 2016

Según el Acta de Conservación de Plazas Londinenses, el área de estos espacios abiertos debe ser protegida o, en caso contrario, prever una superficie equivalente en un lugar adecuado. En nuestro caso, la construcción de un bloque distribuido en tres alas, alrededor de un espacioso hall de entrada con la escalera y ascensor, hace imposible la conservación del espacio verde rectangular en el centro de la plaza Holford; sin embargo, se ha previsto un área equivalente en la zona oeste del solar, en la que se añadirá un grupo escolar. Este nuevo parque público tendrá un acceso principal desde Percy Circus y puede considerarse como una continuación del parque municipal. Además del bloque principal en Y, hay un edificio pequeño de cuatro plantas, con alzados a Percy Circus y a la calle de Great Percy.
Bloque de viviendas, en Pretoria
Authors: Stauch H. W. E. , Nunn A. V.
Published: September 2016

Este grupo de viviendas reunidas en un edificio de cuatro alturas y ático, viene a incrementar a otros dos, construidos anteriormente por los mismos arquitectos. Contiene 20 apartamentos confortables, uno de los cuales es la vivienda del dueño, en el ático, con zona de jardín colgado sobre la terraza.
Mill Owners, en Ahmedabad
Authors: Le Corbusier -
Published: September 2016

La municipalidad de Ahmedabad, aprovechando la presencia de Le Corbusier en la India, le encargó de la composición y construcción de su nuevo Centro cívico, destinado a aportar los elementos más modernos de la arquitectura contemporánea a esta antigua ciudad.
UNESCO. París
Authors: Breuer Marcel , Zehrfuss Bernard
Published: September 2016

Mucho se ha hablado y descrito ya sobre este magnífico edificio, uno de los más relevantes de la arquitectura de nuestro tiempo. Sirvan, pues, de presentación las palabras que el propio Zehrfuss expuso en la conferencia al texto una serie de planos y fotografías que nos dan idea exacta del estado actual de la obras, próxima a su terminación.
Ayer y hoy del hormigón pretensado
Authors: Páez Alfredo
Published: September 2016

Había dado fin al ciclo de conferencias desarrolladas en Buenos Aires. De regreso para España, hice escala en el Brasil. En el aeropuerto me esperaban unos ingenieros, que querían consultarme sobre cierto contratiempo sufrido en una obra. Al día siguiente, después de visitarla, reanudé el viaje.
CNIT, Centro nacional francés para las industrias y técnicas, París
Authors: Camelot - de Mailly - Zehrfuss Arquitectos
Published: September 2016

Breve reseña descriptiva de lo que será el Centro nacional para las industrias y técnicas francesas una vez desarrollado el proyecto, y, muy particularmente, la gran cubierta en bóveda por arista, que constituye, con su conjunto cubierto, el núcleo del gran Centro dedicado a ferias, exposiciones y congresos que darán a conocer las posibilidades nacionales de la industria y técnica.
Puente''Nueva República", Caracas
Authors: Morandi Riccardo
Published: September 2016

El puente Nueva República, de Caracas (Venezuela), construido dentro del casco urbano de la ciudad, es una obra de gran importancia que emprendió y terminó el floreciente país venezolano. El puente salva una rambla que colecta las aguas pluviales y, además, ha de dejar un paso inferior para una avenida; también se ha previsto un segundo paso inferior.
Dispositivo de carga para ensayos de flexión
Authors: Piñeiro Rafael
Published: September 2016

Se describen, en este artículo, las principales características de un dispositiva de carga, para ensayos de flexión, de fácil realización y satisfactorios resultados.
Escuela secundaria, en Tejas
Authors: Caudill - Rowlett – Scott Arquitectos
Published: September 2016

El problema que planteaba este proyecto consistía en proveer de una escuela digna a una pequeña comunidad que crece rápidamente, con los cambios de cualquier aspecto que esta circunstancia trae consigo y con gran limitación en el presupuesto disponible.
Almacén de mercancías
Authors: Vagnetti Luigi , Piro Franco
Published: September 2016

Esta obra hace patente un problema con el que muy frecuentemente han de enfrentarse los arquitectos e ingenieros dotados de un especial instinto y deseo de creación, conscientes de la necesidad de añadir algo a la pura realización funcional de la construcción. Y no es más que el contraste que surge al tener que compaginarse dos elementos, inevitablemente algo distintos, como son las exigencias de la. obra en sí o de su dueño con la concepción del proyectista.
Historia del puente en España
Authors: Fernández Casado Carlos
Published: September 2016

El tercer tipo de puente romano que anunciábamos en los capítulos anteriores se define por su función, no por su época. Corresponde al puente de vano único o, por lo menos, único importante, que, al ser de medio punto, alza considerablemente la calzada sobre el río, aunque arranque tomando como cuerda el nivel mismo de aguas medias. Al establecer las rasantes de enlace con el camino antes y después del cauce resulta el perfil fuertemente alomado, que se ha tomado como típicamente medieval, aunque creemos que los puentes agrupados en este capítulo muestran su origen romano.
Proyecto 39. Interbau – Berlín
Authors: Ludwig Eduard
Published: September 2016

En la zona sur de la nueva urbanización del barrio Hansa, de Berlín, junto a la avenida de Händel, se incluyó un núcleo de viviendas unifamiliares. El proyecto del mismo "Proyecto 39" en la ordenación general de la exposición INTERBAU, se encargó al arquitecto profesor Eduard Ludwig.
La cuba hiperbólica de Fedala
Authors: Torroja Eduardo
Published: September 2016

Se trataba de una cuba para un depósito de 3.500 m3 de agua, montada sobre un castillete circular de soportes ya existentes de hormigón armado; y la contrata «Société Marocaine d'Entreprises Fernández» deseaba asegurar la impermeabilidad de la pared y del fondo del depósito, Para lograrlo se adoptó una forma de hiperboloide de revolución, que permite un doble pretensado según sus dos familias de generatrices rectas.
Presas argelinas. Su construcción y problemas generales
Authors: Hartung F.
Published: September 2016

El autor de este trabajo realizó recientemente una visita a varias presas argelinas, con objeto de estudiar los problemas constructivos que estas obras han tenido que afrontar en su ejecución y conservación. Como el tema es muy extenso, nos hemos limitado a dar una ligera idea general del interesante estudio que sobre esta importante materia ha publicado el autor.
Costillares. Instituto Técnico de la Construcción y del Cemento
Authors: Editorial Equipo
Published: September 2016

El día 8 de febrero de 1958 fueron inaugurados oficialmente por Su Excelencia el Jefe del Estado los nuevos locales e instalaciones del Instituto Técnico de la Construcción y del Cemento. Acompañaban a Su Excelencia los Ministros de Obras Públicas, Educación Nacional, Vivienda, Información y Turismo, Agricultura, Gobernación y Secretario del Movimiento y numerosas personalidades pertenecientes al Consejo Superior y otros Organismos oficiales. Recibió a Su Excelencia el Consejo Técnico Administrativo del Instituto, al frente del cual se encontraba su Presidente, Excmo. Sr. D. Federico Turell, y el Director del Centro, Excmo., Sr. D. Eduardo Torroja. Después de serle presentados los miembros del Consejo, Su Excelencia, en compañía de las diversas personalidades, pasó a visitar las distintas instalaciones: la Planta Piloto y Laboratorio de Artefactos, destinados. a ensayar y estudiar todos los problemas relacionados con la fabricación de cemento, la exposición de prototipos de ventanas, zona de ensayos térmicos y nave de Ensayos Mecánicos. Después pasó a los Laboratorios de Físico-Química, deteniéndose en las Secciones de investigación sobre endurecimiento y fraguado de cementos. Finalmente, y después de visitar la zona de servicios generales y Comedor, pasó a la nave de estudios, Biblioteca y Publicaciones, terminando la visita en el hall principal, donde fué servido un vino español.
Hotel Eden Roc
Authors: Lapidus Morris
Published: September 2016

Las playas de Miami son uno de los centros de diversión más importantes de los Estados Unidos. A lo largo de ellas se multiplican los hoteles, rivalizando para ofrecer a sus clientes confort, comodidades y esparcimientos de todo género. Durante un año se trabajó en la construcción del hotel Edén Roc, uno de los más recientes. Se edificó en un solar de forma rectangular, cuyos lados menores están definidos por la Avenida Collins y el Océano. Si dividimos la parcela por una de sus diagonales, uno de los triángulos, el de base en la Avenida Collins, nos define aproximadamente el espacio ocupado por las construcciones en altura, y el otro, que tiene su base en el Atlántico, la zona de esparcimientos.
Universidad libre de Berlín
Authors: Sobotka F. H. , Müller G.
Published: September 2016

Berlín fue dividido al terminar la segunda guerra mundial en dos zonas: Occidental y Oriental. Su, desde antiguo, famosa Universidad quedó situada casi en su totalidad en zona soviética. Se produjeron serias dificultades para el acceso a ella de los estudiantes del Berlín libre y, por este motivo, las autoridades del mismo, para dar solución rápida y definitiva a este problema, convocaron un concurso: «La Universidad libre de Berlín».
Cúpula poliédrica de aluminio
Authors: Editorial Equipo
Published: September 2016

En las islas Hawai se ha construido una gran nave, circular en planta, de 44,20 m de diámetro, destinada a celebrar actos culturales, audiciones, teatro, etcétera, cubierta con una cúpula poliédrica de la clase icosaédrica y formando un segmento de esfera de 24,40 m. de radio.
United Biscuit Corporation
Authors: Skidmore - Owings – Merrill Arquitectos Ingenieros
Published: September 2016

Ofrecemos a nuestros lectores dos nuevas obras, de indudable calidad y actualidad arquitectónica, proyectadas por esta prestigiosa firma norteamericana, cuya documentación nos ha sido amablemente facilitada por el arquitecto Fritz Mazer, su colaborador en los estudios de Chicago.
Caja de ahorros de Hamburgo
Authors: Schramm G. , Eungius J.
Published: September 2016

La ampliación del edificio-sede de la Caja de Ahorros de Hamburgo venía haciéndose necesaria, y cuando se dispuso de solar adecuado se emprendió. Este solar es contiguo al viejo edificio y queda separado de él por un pasaje, sobre el que se construyó, desde la antigua a la nueva edificación, un puente, bajo el cual está situado el gran hall de la Caja de Ahorros. Este puente se realizó con una estructura de hormigón pretensado, a base de cuatro vigas que van de edificio a edificio, salvando un vano de 17 m, "soldadas" en sus extremos a ocho machos de hormigón por medio de armaduras pretensadas.
Acueducto pretensado sobre el Holme
Authors: Editorial Equipo
Published: September 2016

Breve descripción del paso de una canalización de 0,60 m de diámetro, destinada al abastecimiento de aguas, sobre el río Holme (Inglaterra). El puente formado tiene dos vigas de hormigón pretensado, cuyas armaduras se componen de barras McCall.
La grúa torre
Authors: Editorial Equipo
Published: September 2016

En el número 87 de esta revista se publicó un trabajo dedicado a grúas, ligeras fabricadas en Alemania. En este número presentamos una ligera reseña de los distintos modelos de grúas inglesas, particularmente representados por uno de los fabricantes actualmente más caracterizados en esta materia en Inglaterra, es decir, tipos modernos de grúas de la casa Butters Bros & Co. Ltd., de Glasgow.
Clínica Paracelsus
Authors: Hebebrand W. , Schlempp W.
Published: September 2016

La ciudad de Mari se haya enclavada en uno de los más recientes centros industriales de Westfalia. Su crecimiento ha sido rapidísimo; en la actualidad, cuenta con ochenta mil habitantes y en mapas de mediana antigüedad no aparece ni indicada. Pese a su actual importancia, todavía no dispone de ferrocarril, y su crecimiento, hasta hoy desordenado, será regulado por los planes urbanísticos desarrollados por el Dr. Günther Marschall. En ellos, se indicó como necesaria la construcción de un hospital de cuatrocientas cincuenta camas.
Memorial Alexander Center
Authors: AECK Associates Arquitectos , Morris – Boehmig y Tindel Ingenieros
Published: September 2016

En Atlanta, el Instituto Tecnológico de Georgia acaba de ampliar sus instalaciones deportivas, construyendo el Alexander Memorial Center. Consta este nuevo Centro de dos edificios: una pista de baloncesto cubierta y un edificio anejo con vestuarios, duchas, una pista de entrenamiento, equipos técnicos y la emisora de radio Georgia Tech W. G. S. T.
Cúpula Ehime – Matsuyama
Authors: Tange Kenzo , Tsuboi Yoshikatsu
Published: September 2016

El auditorio japonés Ehime, adaptable a funciones distintas, tiene una capacidad de 1.400 plazas sentadas. Consta de una gran sala principal de planta circular, de 50 m de diámetro, y una serie de servicios que, en conjunto, dan a la obra un marcado interés estructural y constructivo. La cancha y tribunas se han cubierto con cúpula esférica, de hormigón armado de espesor variable, apoyada simplemente sobre veinte soportes perimetrales, en cuyas cabezas superiores descansan los rodillos que permiten la deformación elástica de la cúpula.
Construcción de espaldones
Authors: Shepard C. H.
Published: September 2016

Breve reseña del estudio sobre la construcción de espaldones en las carreteras, que el autor preparó para presentarlo después en el Symposium de la Asamblea anual de la Highway Research Board. El autor da cuenta de los procedimientos generales a este respecto empleados en la Jefatura de Carreteras de Ohio, de la que es ingeniero especializado en mecánica del suelo.
Lavadero móvil para áridos
Authors: Editorial Equipo
Published: September 2016

La conocida empresa Eagle Iron Works, de Des Moines, Iowa (EE. UU.), ha perfeccionado una serie de modelos de lavaderos móviles para la depuración de áridos, que, junto con otros dispositivos auxiliares, de la misma casa, constituyen instalaciones de clasificación, lavado y desecación de áridos de las granulometrías ordinarias empleadas en la preparación de hormigones. En este trabajo se describen estas instalaciones.
Presa Bóveda. Noruega
Authors: Groner CHr. F.
Published: September 2016

No disponible
Grandes vigas pretensadas. Vigas trianguladas con pretensado parcial en el taller de laminación de la Ensidesa de Avilés
Authors: Hidalgo Amalio , Fernández Casado Carlos
Published: September 2016

No disponible
Virreyes y cabildos en la gestión de alamedas y paseos. El caso de la ciudad de México y su contextualización con otros centros urbanos de la España peninsular y la América Hispana
Authors: Luque Azcona Emilio José
Published: September 2016

Este artículo se centra en el estudio de la gestión de las obras y el mantenimiento de alamedas y paseos en la ciudad de México, contextualizándolo con lo sucedido en otros centros urbanos de la España peninsular y la América Hispana. Para ello se identifican los actores implicados, las medidas adoptadas y los conflictos generados.
Design Strategies as Paradigms
Authors: Crespi Luciano
Published: September 2016

Starting from the works for interiors made by Albini, Sottsass, Gio Ponti, Mendini, the Castiglioni brothers, the Bouroullec brothers, La Pietra, Starck, Guixé and De Lucchi, different design strategies will be illustrated, which, despite their diversity, are considered representative of possible smart, innovative, and wise approaches to interior design. Every author is then read through their most significant projects belonging to interiors or settings and furthermore associated with a particular strategy that is able to represent the common style of every project, in particular regarding the approach and the driving thinking.
SoftAssertions
Authors: Di Sabatino Peter A.
Published: September 2016

This Chapter glances at the shifting landscape of disciplines and professions, with particular focus towards “Interior Design.” In spite of trends and increasing examples of the erosion and overlapping of disciplinary and professional boundaries, ironically or not, there remains the need for some sort of definition; in other words, there needs to be a body of knowledge and skills defined and practiced. This is especially relevant in a world of inter-, multi-, and trans-disciplinary work and comprehensive creative practices. After a very quick look at “Environmental Design” – or the design of environments and experiences – the paper spends a bit more time examining possible core aspects of Interior Design while promoting its expanded field. An articulated interior urbanism creates clear areas of contribution from the interior designers within the city. Additionally, the chapter explores the curricular use of intensive design workshops with a singular focus of the student's attention; selected student work from Politecnico di Milano is included.
Between the Planned and the Lived City
Authors: Robertson Susan
Published: September 2016

The material discussed in this chapter concerns the experiential qualities and representations of how urban dwellers may occupy the city. The chapter aims at a better understanding of the multisensory city and at exploring how its mediations could add to representing, describing and designing city spaces in different and innovative ways. By advancing a new spectrum of experience and engagement, designers have the potential to shape the cities that are re-presented. Currently, there is a gap between the ‘planned' and the ‘lived' city and a lack of focus on socio-spatial practices often prevents a ‘potential' city from becoming an ‘effective' city. In order to bridge the gap, we can read the city in a different way, paying more attention to actual patterns of activity, in sensory terms. To do this we must look to multi- and interdisciplinary studies with a spatial focus on different sensory dimensions and urban life.
Urban Farming Movement
Authors: Nicolin Pierluigi
Published: September 2016

The expression “urban agriculture” refers to the emergence in many cities of areas cultivated by farmers who distribute the fruits of the land they work in the environs of the zone of production. The movement, born in response to a range of real needs, has become a global phenomenon, and has taken on an organized form in a large number of cities: from Mumbai to Beijing, London, New York, Detroit, São Paulo, Rosario, Vancouver, Tokyo, San Francisco, etc. The urban farming movement, with its production of food, its educational aims and the idea of creating sustainable situations, has been able to take root in many cities and metropolises as it is closely integrated with the urban ecosystem. For the most part it is the poor and women who, working on small farms located both inside and outside the city, are nurturing this politico-cultural movement. Their agricultural settings are creating new and interesting landscapes that need to be analyzed from an aesthetic perspective as well for the influence that they might have on contemporary landscape architecture. The phenomenon could have repercussions on the visual conventions of the urban and suburban environment and even affect the behavior and lifestyles of city dwellers should it develop on a larger scale.
Design and Restoration
Authors: Anzani Anna , Caramel Claudia
Published: September 2016

This study uses a design based approach which is focused on the human dimension in all its complexity to give value not only to a functional or rational use of spaces, but also to an experiential one, gaining further significant inspiration from the memory layered in complex historical spaces. Interestingly, psychological studies highlight the collective base characterizing a number of disorders and suggest that changing the outside world can be just as therapeutic as changing the subject's feelings, indicating that psychology merges with ecology. From an intersection between design, psychology and restoration, emphasizing a cultural inclination more than a technicistic attitude, opportunities seem to develop to promote beauty, identity and memory as essential dimensions for collective and individual well-being. Design oriented processes could bring out the potential of the built environment, promoting multiple functions and reuse methods, inspired by quality and capable of creating hospitable and welcoming physical and relational spaces. 1
Food Security in Asia
Authors: Jana Sebak K. , Karmakar Asim K.
Published: September 2016

Food security has emerged as one of the most significant and complex challenges of the twenty-first century. The region has made impressive achievements in reducing poverty and hunger in the past two decades, driven by impressive economic growth and rising incomes over the last few decades. This progress has however been uneven within and across states, and the region remains home to over 60% of undernourished people in the world. The objective of the chapter is to examine the status of food security of Asian economies. For that purpose, we have assessed and taken into account food security situation according to various indicators across different regions of Asia as well as average food production as indicator of food security for our analysis. We then endeavor to find whether there is any convergence of average food production across Asian countries. Lastly, we have tested whether average food production is a significant determinant of undernourishment for Asian countries. The results reveal that there is no convergence in average food production in Asia. However the panel regression exercise reveals that there is significant relationship between food security and undernourishment.
A Framework for Understanding Adaptation by Manufacturing Industries
Authors: Ray Saon
Published: September 2016

This chapter discusses what constitutes adaptation responses by firms in the face of climate change. There are four integral components of adaptation activities undertaken by firms: assessment of risk, understanding of vulnerability, understanding the regulatory barriers to overcome the vulnerability, and, finally, adoption of policies to overcome the vulnerability. While it is easy to understand these components separately, their interdependencies make the overall picture more complicated. Also complicating the issue is the fact that most small and medium firms do not have the capacity and resources to predict the impact of such changes on their operations, and hence, to quickly make the adjustments necessary to overcome them. The response of firms also depends on the nature of the climate risk they face, whether it is sea-level rise, or temperature rise.
Green Economy and Sustainable Development
Authors: Nica Elvira
Published: September 2016

The analysis presented in this chapter contributes to research on alleviation and adjustment costs to climate change and requisite investments, the negative influence of agriculture on the environment, and the intricate character of the connections between development, poverty, and environment. In this chapter, the author is particularly interested in exploring the function of trade in bringing forward a green economy, the economic advantage of cutting down environmental externalities, and the sources of sustainable development. This study is grounded in the considerable body of scholarship examining the positive connections between trade and the green economy, effects of climate change and ecosystem deterioration, and the entailments of degenerated environments for the poor. The results of the current study converge with prior research on the sound performance of the Earth's ecosystems, the function of non-state participants in the climate regime, and the necessity for policies to attain greener growth.
Sustainable Business Development by Responding to Climate Change
Authors: Mukherjee Sujata , Mukerjee Arunavo
Published: September 2016

The UN Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Report (2007) concluded that the globally averaged net effect of human activities since 1750 has been one of the sources of global warming. The Stern Report (2007) corroborates this statement and states that anthropogenic CO2 influences the climate and stresses that the cost of mitigating against climate change is significantly lower than the cost of climate change. The Tata group companies have been actively seeking out experiences of other global companies to develop an effective action plan against climate change. The present paper seeks to review the role of the Tata group in addressing and abating the climate change. It further looks at the various Tata group companies like Tata Chemicals Limited, Tata Steel Europe, Tata Communications and Tata Motors and their ways to stay the course towards sustainable development
Nigeria's Legal Instruments for Land and Water Use
Authors: Omole David O. , Ndambuki Julius M.
Published: September 2016

This chapter critically assesses the administration of land and water resources in Nigeria. Reasons why the Land Use Act has not met its objectives are discussed. It also assesses reasons why, despite abundant water resources, numerous laws, and multiple governing institutions, Nigeria is still struggling to meet the national demand for water supply. The chapter concludes by suggesting specific amendments to the administration of both land and water resources. The main thrust of the suggested amendments is to address the current situation where government arrogates absolute authority on all land and water resources to itself. It is suggested that the government should consider adopting a multi-lateral relationship where government, private investors, traditional landowners, and prospective land buyers are co-decision makers in charting the future for the administration of land and water resources. This is aimed at eliminating associated problems such as delays, tenure insecurity, and proliferation of peri-urbanization in the current system.
Globalization, Governance, and Food Security
Authors: Jana Sebak K. , Karmakar Asim K.
Published: September 2016

Food security is a major area of concern for the five nations that constitute BRICS. BRICS countries account for more than 40% of the world population and 25% of world GDP in PPP terms. Besides, these countries have a key role to play in the post-crisis global economy as producer of goods and services, receivers and exporters of capital, and/or consumer market on large potential. More importantly, these ones envisage ways to promote food security and food production in Third World countries by raising agricultural productivity and output via initiatives like the creation of basic agricultural information exchange system of these countries; enhancing investments in the food supply chain; developing a social safety net through conditional income transfer programmes for the poorest of the poor. In this context the present chapter examines the status of food security of BRICS economies in the context of globalization and governance and its implications thereof.
The Caribbean's Response to Climate Change Impacts
Authors: Maximay Steve
Published: September 2016

To fully appreciate climate change impacts and adaptations in the Caribbean, several aspects of the phenomenon and the region's response must be placed in historical and chronological sequence. This chapter starts with a review of the Caribbean islands, focusing on the agricultural sector and its vulnerability to climate change impacts. It then provides a brief review of the Caribbean's foray into organized planning for climate change; the early advocacy of those who believed the issue was a serious threat to the region, and the projects that were developed. It also traces organized institutional level responses, some national efforts, and the degree to which climate change issues have now become part of the routine agricultural development discourse. An overview of the possible climate change impacts and the programmed adaptations at a regional level are presented, and the chapter ends with a look at the importance of communication to raise awareness and ultimately change behaviours.
Coastal Poverty, Resource-Dependent Livelihood, Climate Change, and Adaptation
Authors: Basu Jyotish Prakash
Published: September 2016

Millions of people in Sunderbans generate their livelihood and sustenance through fishing, honey collection, fuel wood and timber. The paper attempts to examine the issues of coastal poverty, food security as well as livelihood insecurity and the adaptation options that help to the resilience of climate change. The paper is based on field survey conducted in the villages of Sunderans in 2011. The study revealed that fishing and crab collection, honey collection are the important sources of livelihood. The fishing resources have been declining which leads to the insecurity of livelihoods of the fishing communities. The study has identified the key adaptations like dependency of money lenders, fishing and crab collection, formation of Self Help Groups, livestock rearing and migration. This paper has important policy implications for poverty, livelihood vulnerability and migration.
Adaptation to Impacts of Climate Change on the Food and Nutrition Security Status of a Small Island Developing State
Authors: Moustache Antoine Marie
Published: September 2016

More frequent extreme weather events, foreseen with climate change, will impact severely on the agricultural and fisheries production systems of Small Island Developing States (SIDS) such as the Seychelles Islands. Understanding the impacts on agricultural production and coastal fisheries is important to plan adaptation measures for sustainable development, particularly for national food and nutrition security. This chapter addresses some impacts on soil systems in Seychelles: the main cultivation medium. It proposes soil management and conservation practices, and adaptation measures relevant to farm structures and homes to counter these impacts. It addresses alien invasive species and their impacts on food production systems along with coastal fisheries. In conclusion, it urges the implementation of simple, cost-effective adaptation measures to counter these threats.