bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Phase II Study of Palbociclib in Patients with Tumors with CDK4 or CDK6 Amplification: Results from the NCI-MATCH ECOG-ACRIN Trial (EAY131) Subprotocol Z1C
Authors: O’Hara Mark H. , Jegede Opeyemi , Dickson Mark A. , DeMichele Angela M. , Piekarz Richard , Gray Robert J. , Wang Victoria , McShane Lisa M. , Rubinstein Lawrence V. , Patton David R. , Williams P. Mickey , Hamilton Stanley R. , Onitilo Adedayo , Tricoli James V. , Conley Barbara A. , Arteaga Carlos L. , Harris Lyndsay N. , O’Dwyer Peter J. , Chen Alice P. , Flaherty Keith T.
Published: October 2024

Purpose:

Amplification of cyclin-dependent kinase 4 (CDK4) and CDK6 is a feature of a variety of malignancies, and preclinical evidence suggests that inhibition of CDK4/6 is a plausible treatment strategy in these tumors. Subprotocol Z1C of the NCI-Molecular Analysis for Therapy Choice trial was designed to evaluate the CDK4/6 inhibitor palbociclib in CDK4- or CDK6-amplified tumors.

Patients and Methods:

Patients had a solid malignancy or lymphoma with progression on at least one systemic therapy for advanced disease or with no standard-of-care therapy available. Tumors with ≥7 copies of CDK4 or CDK6 were considered amplified and molecularly eligible. Enrolled patients were treated with palbociclib 125 mg daily on days 1 to 21 of a 28-day cycle. The primary endpoint was objective response rate.

Results:

Forty-three patients were enrolled on subprotocol Z1C, and 38 patients were deemed eligible, treated, and included in analyses; 25 patients were eligible, treated, and centrally confirmed to have CDK4 or CDK6 amplification and comprised the primary analysis cohort for objective response rate endpoint. Among the 25 patients in the primary cohort, one patient had a partial response, 4 patients had stable disease, and 16 patients had progressive disease as best response. Four patients were not evaluable due to lack of follow-up scans. Among the 38 evaluable patients, one patient had a partial response, 10 patients had stable disease, and 21 patients had progressive disease as best response. Partial response and stable disease were seen only in patients with CDK4 amplification. Median progression-free survival was 2.0 months, and median overall survival was 8.8 months.

Conclusions:

Palbociclib showed limited activity in histology-agnostic CDK4- or CDK6-amplified tumors, although central nervous system tumors may be worthy of future investigation.
Figure 4 from Small-Molecule CCR4 Antagonists in Cutaneous T-cell Lymphoma
Authors: Enriquez José S. , Wang Xiaohong , Velatooru Loka Reddy , Han Wei , Bijani Pedram , Ni Xiao
Published: October 2024

Effects of C021 and AZD-2098 on apoptosis and cell cycle in MJ and HuT 78 cells. A, MJ and HuT 78 cells (5 × 105/mL) were treated with different doses of C021 or vehicle control for 12 hours. Apoptotic cells were assessed by flow cytometry using the annexin V–FITC Detection Kit. Dot plots from flow cytometry analysis for MJ and HuT 78 cells are presented. B, MJ and HuT 78 cells (5 × 105/mL) were treated with AZD-2098 at 25.0 μmol/L or vehicle control for 12 hours, and dot plots from flow cytometry analysis are presented. C, MJ and HuT 78 cells (5 × 105/mL) are treated with different doses of C021 (proliferation IC50, 10.0, and 25.0 μmol/L) or vehicle control for 12 hours. Cell-cycle analysis was performed by assessing DNA content distribution by flow cytometry with propidium iodide (PI) staining. Histograms for cell cycle (sub-G1, G0/G1, S, and G2/M) are present.
Role of Autologous Micrografting Technology through Rigenera® System in the Treatment of Androgenetic Alopecia
Authors: Vincenzi Colombina , Cameli Norma , Pessei Valeria , Tosti Antonella
Published: October 2024

Introduction: Androgenetic alopecia (AGA) is a common form of baldness, affecting 60–70% of the adult population worldwide, and may have a negative effect on quality life. AGA leads to a progressive thinning of scalp hair and is characterized by a progressive miniaturization of the hair follicle with a specific pattern distribution. Although AGA is a very frequent condition, compelling therapeutic options are still limited. Methods: Herein, we present the protocol of autologous micrografting technology through Rigenera® system allowing to obtain a suspension of autologous micrografts ready to be injected on scalp. This paper combines the results of two studies that evaluated the effects of micrografts in patients with AGA. The first study involved 17 patients who received one micrografts session with a 6-month follow-up. The second study 13 patients who received two micrografts sessions 6 months apart with a follow-up of 6 months after the second session. Clinical assessment involved global photography evaluation and patient’s satisfaction before and after the treatment. Hair measures using TrichoLab were also performed. Results: Most of the patients had a moderate improvement after investigator’s assessment in terms of hair loss reduction and hair density improvement. The assessment of patients was satisfactory in terms of hair improvement and treatment tolerability. Conclusion: In summary, we conclude that this new regenerative approach can be a promising tool for clinicians to obtain a viable, sterile and ready to use micrografts that can be immediately injected into the scalp to improve AGA condition.
Appearances Can Be Deceiving: A Case Report of Asymptomatic Appendiceal Goblet Cell Adenocarcinoma Presenting as an Ovarian Tumor
Authors: Fukasawa Hiroko , Gou Rei , Tanaka Kota , Tada Yuri , Tagaya Hikaru , Furuya Shinji , Oishi Naoki , Hashi Akihiko , Yoshino Osamu
Published: October 2024

Introduction: Goblet cell adenocarcinoma (GCA) of the appendix is an uncommon type of cancer that includes both epithelial and neuroendocrine features, with goblet cells present. These tumors have traditionally been viewed as one of the more aggressive forms of appendiceal cancer, frequently being diagnosed at a metastatic stage. For patients with stage III–IV disease, the 5-year overall survival rate ranges from 14% to 22%. Due to limited data, the diagnosis and management of GCA are challenging. Case Presentation: We present the case of a 55-year-old female who presented with elevated serum carcinoembryonic antigen levels and a left ovarian tumor. Preoperative imaging indicated a normal appendix. During surgery for suspected ovarian carcinoma, frozen section analysis revealed mucinous adenocarcinoma of the ovary, but distinguishing between primary and metastatic lesions was challenging. Meticulous exploration revealed a firm and thickened appendix, prompting appendectomy and subsequent diagnosis of appendiceal GCA with ovarian metastasis. Conclusion: Pathologies of the appendix, like GCA, can mimic ovarian tumors despite a normal-looking appendix, complicating diagnosis. Through this case, we underscored the need for careful intraoperative examination of the appendix in patients with mucinous ovarian neoplasms to avoid misdiagnosis and ensure appropriate treatment.
Oxygen Delivery and Consumption in Patients Who Are Comatose After Out‐of‐Hospital Cardiac Arrest Are Affected by Blood Pressure Target
Authors: Schneekloth Simon , Beske Rasmus Paulin , Møller Jacob Eifer , Obling Laust E. R. , Kjaergaard Jesper , Meyer Martin A. S. , Grand Johannes , Schmidt Henrik , Højgaard Henrik Frederiksen , Hassager Christian
Published: October 2024

Background

In the management of patients resuscitated from out‐of‐hospital cardiac arrest, a primary goal is to restore sufficient oxygen delivery (DO
2
) to meet demands in oxygen consumption (VO
2
).

Methods and Results

This post hoc analysis of the BOX (Blood Pressure and Oxygen Targets) study included adult patients who were comatose and experienced out‐of‐hospital cardiac arrest from a presumed cardiac cause, who were randomized to a mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) target of 63 mm Hg (MAP63) or 77 mm Hg (MAP77) and a Restrictive PaO
2
target of 9 to 10 kPa versus a Liberal target of 13 to 14 kPa in a 2×2 factorial design. A pulmonary artery catheter was inserted following randomization. DO
2
and VO
2
were calculated as: DO
2
=cardiac output × arterial oxygen content, and VO
2
= cardiac output × arteriovenous oxygen difference. Of 789 patients, 730 (92.5%) were included in this substudy. A total of 362 patients were randomized to MAP77, and 368 to MAP63, 368 to a liberal Pa
o
2
target, and 362 to a restrictive target. At all prespecified time points, DO
2
in MAP77 was higher compared with MAP63, with a cumulative treatment effect of 203 L (95% CI, 132–274) O
2
after 36 hours. VO
2
was higher in MAP77 after 36 hours, with a cumulative treatment effect of 21.9 L (95% CI, 5.8–38) O
2
, compared with the MAP63 group.

Conclusions

Targeting a MAP of 77 mm Hg resulted in an overall increase in DO
2
and a smaller increase in VO
2
compared with a MAP target of 63 mm Hg. A higher Pa
o
2
target did not result in any difference in DO
2
or VO
2
.
Reanimating Hobbes’s Materialism: Afterthoughts on Samantha Frost’s Lessons from a Materialist Thinker
Authors: Robison Meghan
Published: October 2024

This contribution to a symposium on Samantha Frost’s Lessons from a Materialist Thinker considers Frost’s interpretation of Hobbesian Man and the connection between man and the Commonwealth. Particular attention is paid to Frost’s interpretation of man as an interdependent and intersubjective living creature and the relationship between living embodiment and agency. Through this focused examination, this contribution aims to elucidate the critical questions raised by Lessons and identify promising avenues for future Hobbes scholarship by highlighting the key insights that reshape our understanding of his enduring influence on modern political thought.
Constraints on Female Labor Force Participation in Qatar: Understanding the Effects of Marriage, Family, and Traditional Values
Authors: Blaydes Lisa , Gengler Justin , Lari Noora
Published: October 2024

This paper examines constraints to female labor force participation in Qatar, a country where state revenue from natural resource rents means any citizen can secure a public sector job should they seek employment. Using data from an original survey and focus groups, we find that although Qataris are generally in support of female labor force participation – both in principle and for their own relatives – concerns remain about the impact of women working for marriage, family, and traditional values. These concerns may be especially salient for younger Qatari men – a constituency particularly impacted by erosion of traditional gender norms at a time when they are establishing their own households. We also find that Qataris with a larger percentage of male children tend to be less supportive of women working outside of the home, suggesting forms of family-level variation in investment in patriarchal values and child rearing practices.
Crafting Cross-Border Connections: Religion and Perceptions of Erdoğan in the Middle East and North Africa
Authors: Ciftci Sabri
Published: October 2024

This study examines how religion influences public opinion about foreign leaders, focusing on attitudes toward Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan, a pivotal figure in mena. Through the lens of image theory and Arab public opinion research, it offers fresh perspectives on the complex interaction between religion, understood as a multidimensional concept, and public sentiment. The empirical analysis of Gallup and Arab Barometer surveys reveals meaningful effects of piety, sectarianism, and Islamist ideology on perceptions of Erdoğan. Particularly, Erdoğan’s portrayal as a devout Sunni leader and a staunch Islamist strongly resonates among ordinary Arab citizens. While opposition to normalization with Israel engender support for Erdoğan, anti-Americanism does not exert a meaningful effect relative to religious considerations. This study underscores the role of the secular-Islamist divide, piety, and sectarianism in shaping perceptions of foreign leaders, calling for further scholarly inquiry into the nexus of religion, international politics, and public opinion in mena.
Astral Sciences among the Safavids: Bahāʾ al-Dīn al-ʿĀmilī on the Prayer Niche Direction (qibla) and the Crescent Garden
Authors: Mahdavi Younes
Published: October 2024

The dispute between science and religion evolved into diverse forms in the early modern period. Among the advocates of science, not all manifested anti-religious sentiments, and in some instances, religious authorities even supported scientific methods in resolving secular and sacred problems. Sixteenth-century Persia, under the Safavid monarchy, witnessed disputes between proponents and opponents of scientific methods in addressing religious and civic matters. In this article, I will present two polemics between scholars and jurists who served the Safavid shahs concerning the relevance of astral sciences in resolving religious matters. The first dispute concerns determining the orientation of the prayer niche direction (qibla). The second concerns legalizing the practice of astral sciences in general. For the matter of the prayer niche, I will discuss a dispute that occurred at the court of Ṭahmāsb I (r. 1524–76) between ʿAlī ibn Ḥusayn al-Karakī (d. 1534), the first chief jurisconsult (shaykh al-islām) at the Safavid court, and Ghiyāth al-Dīn Manṣūr Dashtakī (1461–1542), which proved to be a failure for science and a success for tradition. For the case of the astral sciences, I will examine two attempts by Bahāʾ al-Dīn al-ʿĀmilī (1547–1621), the successor to al-Karakī at the court of ʿAbbās I (r. 1587–1629), to justify the permissibility of scientific methods in addressing matters of jurisprudence. I will discuss ʿĀmilī’s opinion on the prayer niche in four of his works, and will introduce and examine his Crescent Garden (al-Ḥadīqa al-hilāliyya), a commentary on a prayer for crescent sighting. I will further show that although the first attempt failed to establish scientific credibility for astronomy and astrology at the court, the second proved successful both in the royal and civic realms.
The Iroquois Confederacy and the Possibility of Heteronomous Democracy
Authors: Karavitis Gerasimos
Published: October 2024

Cornelius Castoriadis (1922–1997) argues that the project of autonomy appears in only two societies throughout human history: ancient Greece and Western Europe. Is this true? The present study examines the case of the Iroquois Confederacy with the intention of testing Castoriadis’s argument. Using the debate between Castoriadis and the members of mauss as its starting point, it interprets historic Iroquois institutions with reference to what Castoriadis presents as the two inextricably linked conditions of an autonomous society: democracy and philosophy. Ultimately, the essay contends that while Castoriadis justifiably interprets the Iroquois Confederacy as heteronomous, the confederacy’s democratic institutions compel us to doubt the necessary connection he posits between democracy and philosophy. Iroquois society created a heteronomous democracy, a type of polity that Castoriadis’s theory of autonomy occludes.
Differential Degradation of Wooden Cutting Boards and Ergonomic Aspects of Beef and Chevon Marketing in Port Harcourt, Nigeria
Authors: Adedeji Gabriel Adetoye , Aiyeloja Adedapo Ayo , Egubogo Azuka Chinedum , Amaogu Daniel Chukwuemeka , Adeyeye Oluwatosin Adetutu , Imoeko Remilekun Joy
Published: October 2024

Although wood degradation and ergonomics are critical design issues in the wood product industry worldwide, data on wood as a degradable and culturally important material for cutting meat and the ergonomics of meat marketing in urban Nigerian markets are unavailable. This study investigated the degradation of wooden cutting boards (WCB) caused by meat cutting and marketing ergonomics. Degradation was estimated using eight WCB administered to four participants marketing chevon and four participants marketing beef. Descriptive and anthropometric data were obtained from 129 participants using questionnaires and measurements. The degradation results showed that after three months, cutting meat caused a significant monthly average WCB loss of 19.6 ± 4% and 11.6 ± 4% and a cumulative weight loss of 58.17% and 34.72% for chevon and beef, respectively. A substantial number of meat marketers were found to work in awkward postures, especially in the upper extremity mismatched condition, where they potentially exert more force, resulting in contact between the cutting tools and WCB that degrades the cutting board during meat cutting. Therefore, mismatched working conditions are a feasible and heightened factor contributing to wood degradation during meat cutting and marketing. The results can help people gain a deeper understanding of wood degradation from commercial meat cutting and the ergonomics of meat marketing and provide strategies for ensuring a sustainable supply of high-quality wood and improving ergonomic conditions.
A new species of genus Homotechnes Candèze, 1882 from Guangxi, China (Coleoptera: Elateridae: Hypnoidinae)
Authors: QIU LU , RUAN YONG-YING
Published: October 2024

Homotechnes choui sp. nov., a new species from Guangxi, China, is described and illustrated. An updated key and list of Chinese Homotechnes species, with corrected or supplementary distribution data, are provided.
Oxytelus sishuishanus, a new species of Oxytelus Gravenhorst, 1802 (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Oxytelinae) from Sishui Mountain, China
Authors: MA HONG-YE , WANG LIN-FEI , LÜ LIANG
Published: October 2024

A new species, Oxytelus sishuishanus Lü, is described from Hunan, China. This species closely resembles O. ailaoshanicus Lü & Zhou, 2012, but can be distinguished by the male clypeus, which is not so protruding as in O. ailaoshanicus, and by the symmetrically mirrored apical forking of the aedeagal parameres.
Three new species of Pselaphogenius Reitter (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Pselaphinae) from Nanling Mountain Area, China
Authors: ZHANG YONG-QIN , YIN ZI-WEI
Published: October 2024

Prior to this study, no species of the tribe Pselaphini (Pselaphinae: Pselaphitae) have been known from southern China. Here we report the discovery of the genus Pselaphogenius Reitter, and describe three new representatives from Nanling Mountain Area, namely, P. buccalis sp. nov., P. huapingensis sp. nov., and P. magnus sp. nov. All taxa are diagnosed and compared to similar congeners; and images of the habitus and major diagnostic characters are provided. A map showing the distribution of the Chinese species of Pselaphogenius is given.
Three new species of Tmesiphorini (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Pselaphinae) from the Nanling Mountains, China
Authors: ZHANG YONG-QIN , YIN ZI-WEI
Published: October 2024

Three new tmesiphorine species from the Nanling Mountains, Raphitreus septuacarinatus sp. nov., Tmesiphorus huapingensis sp. nov., and Tmesiphorus maoermontis sp. nov., are described, with illustrations of the habitus and diagnostic features. All species can be readily separated from congeners by the unique male characters as well as structure of the aedeagus. A key to genera of Tmesiphorini from Nanling is provided.
Comparative Study of the Phytonutrients Contents of Three Plants Grown as Vegetables in Burkina Faso
Authors: Ouédraogo Benjamin , Ramdé-Tiendrébéogo Alphonsine , Yoda Jules , Kini Félix
Published: October 2024

Diets with a high proportion of plants are nutritionally challenging. These food and generally medicinal plants certainly contribute to reducing hunger and mortality from diet-related diseases worldwide. The aim of this study is to assess the nutritional potential of Cleome gynandra, Hibiscus sabdariffa and Corchorus olitorius, three food plants widely consumed in Burkina Faso. The phytonutrient content of these three plants was assessed on a comparative basis. The parameters investigated in this study were: total ash and mineral content, total protein and carbohydrate content, total lipid content, vitamin C and provitamin A content. The results show that Cleome gynandra had the highest protein content at 160.6 ± 0.32 mg EBSA/g. Lipid levels were relatively close for all three leafy vegetables. They ranged from 3.36% to 4.35%, with the highest content obtained with Corchorus olitorius. Carbohydrate content values ranged from 0.05 to 0.15 mg/mg Glucose equivalent. The highest value was found in Hibiscus sabdariffa (0.15 Glucose equivalent mg/mg). The vitamin C contents of these three plants are relatively close, with the highest vitamin C content obtained with Corchorus olitorius (1.91±1.9 ug/mg). Provitamin A levels varied from 0.196 to 0.312 betac equivalent mg/g ES. The highest content was obtained with Cleome gynandra. Zinc, Calcium, Potassium, Iron, Magnesium and Sodium are also present in all three plants, with varying levels. Cleome gynandra stands out with higher levels of Zinc (59.79 mg/kg), Calcium (9517.5 mg/kg), Potassium (5817.5 mg/kg) and Iron (212.1 mg/kg). These different values justify cleome gylandra's highest total ash content. These edible plants are therefore rich in phytonutrients, and their consumption could help ensure good health and prevent various chronic diseases.
General Definitions of Information, Intelligence, and Consciousness from the Perspective of Generalized Natural Computing
Authors: Zhang Linsen
Published: October 2024

Atoms themselves have no thoughts and cannot be thinking. Why does the human body, which is composed of atoms, have consciousness? The widely used concepts of information and intelligence in today’s science, which are related to this, do not yet have appropriate general definitions. Answering these interesting questions is a crucial issue for technological development in the historical context of human society entering the era of intelligence. The key lies in how to fully utilize the existing fundamental theories subtly related to information science. Here we attempt to give the definition of general information and general intelligence from the perspective of generalized natural computing, based on the least action principle, Hamilton-Jacobi equation, dynamic programming, reinforcement learning, and point out the relationship between the two. The least action principle for describing conservative systems can be seen as an intelligent manifestation of natural matter, and its equivalent form, the Hamilton-Jacobi equation, can be extended to describe quantum phenomena and is a special case of continuous dynamic programming equations. Dynamic programming is an efficient optimization method under deterministic models, while reinforcement learning, as a manifestation of biological intelligence, is its model-free version. The statement that reinforcement learning is the most promising machine learning method has a profound physical foundation. General information is defined as the degree to which a certain environmental element determines the behavior of the subject. General intelligence is defined as the automatic optimization ability of the action or value function of a system with a certain degree of conservatism. Intelligence is a basic property of material systems, rather than an emergent property that only complex systems possess. Consciousness is an advanced intelligent phenomenon, a reconstruction of quasi conservative systems based on complex systems.
Suborbital Graphs of Direct Product of the Symmetric Group Acting on the Cartesian Product of Three Sets
Authors: Muriuki Gikunju , Namu Nyaga
Published: October 2024

The study of suborbital graphs is a key area in group theory for it provides a graphical representation of a group action on a set. Moreover, it helps in understanding the combinatorial structures of the action of a group on a set. In this paper, we construct suborbital graphs based on the group action of the direct product of the symmetric group on Cartesian product of three sets through computation of the ranks and subdegrees of the group action. Suborbital graphs are constructed by the use of Sims theorem. The properties of the suborbital graphs are analyzed. In the study it is proven that the rank of the group action of direct product of the symmetric group acting on the Cartesian product of three sets is 8 for all n ≥ 2 and the suborbits are length 1, (n-1), (n-1), (n-1), (n-1)2, (n-1)2, (n-1)2, (n-1)3. We show that the suborbits of the group action are self-paired. Furthermore, it is demostrated that each graph has a girth of 3 for all n > 2 and suborbital graphs of the group action are undirected. It is shown that graphs Γ2 and Γ3 are regular of degree n-1, graphs Γ4, Γ5 and Γ6 of degree (n-1)2 and graph Γ7 is regular of degree (n-1)3. The suborbital graphs Γi(i=1, 2,…, 6) are disconnected, with the number of connected components equal to n2 while suborbital graph Γ7 is connected for all n > 2.
Navigating the Digital Marketing Field: The Role of AI and Emotional Storytelling in Consumer Engagement
Authors: Manoharan Jayakumar
Published: October 2024

This study explores the intersection of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and digital storytelling in marketing. By focusing on how AI-driven techniques can enhance emotional attachment and influence consumer behavior. With the rapid advancement of AI, its integration into marketing strategies has become crucial. Particularly for personalizing consumer experiences and enhancing brand narratives. This study investigated the role of AI in creating emotionally engaging narratives, a largely unexplored area in marketing and advertising. The study is motivated by the need to understand the dynamics between AI-driven techniques and emotional attachment in digital marketing. The paper hypothesizes a significant relationship between consumers’ emotional attachment to brands and purchasing behavior. A mixed-methods research approach was employed by combining a survey with interviews to test this hypothesis. This study assesses how emotional attachment, influenced by AI and storytelling, affects consumer purchasing decisions and brand loyalty in online shopping. It also evaluates the effectiveness of AI-driven storytelling techniques in digital marketing campaigns from the perspective of online consumers. Preliminary findings suggest more than 98% recall of story-based branding. More than 67% believe storytelling and emotional attachment may impact purchasing decisions. More than 89% of people recall a brand based on a particular story. While emotional attachment significantly influences consumer purchasing behavior, other factors also play a crucial role. This study reveals that AI’s role in marketing is valued, but the essence of storytelling should remain grounded in human experiences.
The Critical Role of Product Managers and Their Responsibilities in Software Startups: A Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Pattyn Frederic
Published: October 2024

In the high-paced, uncertain, and resource-constrained environment of software startups, achieving product–market fit and acquiring initial customers are critical yet challenging tasks. These challenges are often exacerbated by the absence of strategic planning, inefficient requirements selection processes, inadequate resource allocation, and insufficient market research, leading to an alarming 63% failure rate among software startups. The Product Manager (PM), responsible for product strategy, planning, and results monitoring, plays a pivotal role in navigating these complexities; however, the PM role is often undervalued and lacks a universally accepted definition. This study aims to enhance the understanding of the PM's role within software startups by conducting a comprehensive Systematic Literature Review (SLR). Employing a rigorous selection methodology, we reviewed 134 studies and identified 662 distinct PM tasks across 122 activities. Notably, only 7 studies (5.73%) specifically addressed the software startup context, revealing a substantial gap in the literature. Our findings indicate that while product planning and requirements prioritization are dominant topics, many critical activities remain underrepresented, underscoring the need for targeted research in these areas. By addressing the unique challenges faced by software startups, we pave the way for more targeted and effective PM strategies. Future research should consider adopting mixed-method approaches to deepen the understanding of PM practices and investigate underexplored areas such as go-to-market strategies, roadmap creation, and requirements selection within the startup context.
The Alchemy of Leadership: Crafting a Symphony of Workplace Happiness
Authors: Sahani Tanwangini
Published: October 2024

In today’s fast-evolving business world, workplace happiness is no longer seen as a mere bonus—it’s recognized as a cornerstone of success. Companies are beginning to understand that happy employees aren’t just more productive; they are more creative, engaged, and loyal. Central to this realization is the role that leadership plays. Leaders are not just tasked with driving results, but also with fostering a culture where happiness is prioritized as much as performance. This paper explores the profound connection between leadership and workplace happiness. It dives deep into how different leadership styles can either nurture or hinder employee well-being. By examining real-world examples from organizations like Google, Zappos, Patagonia, and Southwest Airlines—companies renowned for their positive work cultures—we can see how the right kind of leadership can create environments where happiness flourishes. These companies show us that when leaders truly value the happiness of their teams, the result isn’t just happier employees; teams are more engaged, innovative, and ultimately, more successful. The discussion doesn’t stop at the surface-level practices of these companies. It goes further to highlight the importance of emotional intelligence in leadership. Leaders who are emotionally aware and empathetic are better equipped to understand their employees' needs and create a supportive, positive atmosphere. This emotional intelligence is a critical ingredient in building a workplace where happiness isn’t just a goal but a driving force for both personal and organizational growth. Ultimately, this paper underscores that leadership and workplace happiness are deeply intertwined. When leaders create a space where people feel valued and fulfilled, it improves individual well-being and drives the entire organization toward greater success.
Comparison of Visual Acuity Outcomes of Phacoemulsification and Small Incision Cataract Surgery
Authors: Iyamu Eghosasere , Okechukwu Clinton
Published: October 2024

Background. The visual outcomes of phacoemulsification (Phaco) and manual small incision cataract surgery (MSICS) have been extensively studied, with research indicating that both methods are highly effective in restoring vision. Purpose. This study was aimed at comparing the visual acuity outcomes of the two surgical techniques. Methods. A total of 90 participants were scheduled for cataract surgery at Adetula Opticals & Eye Clinic, Oshodi-Isolo, Lagos State, Nigeria, from June to August 2023. The participants were divided into two groups of 45, a group was scheduled for Phaco (0.92 ± 0.65; 6/60-6/36) and SICS (1.32 ± 0.81; 3/60) logMAR. Visual acuities (VAs) were measured pre- and postoperatively. Results. The difference in mean VA pre-op of -0.40 (95% confidence interval (CI): -0.096, -0.71) between the two techniques was statistically significant (p = 0.000). There was no significant difference in the logMAR VAs between the techniques post-operatively (p = 0.06), although the visual outcome with the two methods showed the tendency of a better VA (0.11± 0.17 [6/9 - 6/6]) as opposed to that of the other two techniques (0.22 ± 0.32; [6/12 - 6/9]). Conclusion. Both techniques have been refined to a point where they provide comparable long-term visual outcomes, making the choice of method dependent on specific patient needs, surgeon expertise, and available resources.
Influence of Plant Density and Fungicides on Downy Mildew (Peronospora Destructor) and Bulb Yield of Onion in Ethiopia
Authors: Getinet Adina , Yalew Desalegn , Berhan Muluadam
Published: October 2024

Onion is a popular vegetable crop, which has been produced for its daily uses and economic benefits. Downey mildew caused by the fungus Peronospora destructor is among the most important yield-reducing factor in onion production. The effect of three different levels of plant population and fungicide frequency with two different fungicides was studied on downy mildew severity and yield of onion. Nineteen treatment of this Experiment included two fungicides mancozeb + metalaxyl and copper hydrox-ide, three different spraying interval with (10 days, 15 days and 21 days) and three level of plant population (0.71, 0.95 and 1.2 million plants/ha). The experiment was laid out in a randomized block design with three replications for two year at Fogera and for one year at Dera districts of South Gondar zone Ethiopia. Data on disease severity, bulb yield, bulb number and bulb size were recorded during the time of harvest. The price of bulb yield was assessed from the local market and the total price of the yield obtained from each treatment was computed on hectare basis. Input costs like seed, fungicides and labor were converted into hectare basis according to their frequencies used. Fungicides cost was estimated based on the price of the local market. Cost of the labor was in Birr per man-days; cost of spray and spray equipment to spray per hectare were also calculated. Based on the obtained data from the above mentioned parameters economic analysis was performed. The lowest disease severity was recorded in treatment were lowest level of plant population (0.71 million plant/hectare) spraying with fungicide mancozeb + metalaxyl within 15days interval. In this treatment bulb yield and bulb weight were the highest. The economic evaluation showed that the highest net benefit with acceptable marginal rate of return was obtained from T3 (0.71million plants/ha spraying with fungicide mancozeb + metalaxyl within 15days interval).
Application of Deterministic Multiple Linear Regression and Stochastic Analysis Through Monte Carlo Simulation to Model Loan Consumption Assuming Kenyan Data
Authors: Kikechi Conlet , Dau Dau
Published: October 2024

The main focus of this survey is to examine the key determinants of loan consumption in Kenya, with a keen focus on variables such as monthly expenditure per adult, deposits, economic strength index, and diverse economic opportunities. The study's target population is Kenyan citizens aged 18 years and above. The study obtains data from the Kenya national census, aggregated at the county level. The literature review section presents sufficient support for the study’s hypothesis. In particular, the authors highlight Kenya as a country with one of the highest loan consumption in Africa, which plays as a motivation for conducting this survey. The survey methodology involves the use of quantitative analysis using descriptive statistics like tables, graphs and charts, deterministic multiple linear regression, and stochastic analysis through Monte Carlo simulation. The results of the survey show that monthly expenditure per adult, deposits, and economic strength index have a significant impact on loan consumption amount; that is, R-squared is equal to 0.88. The implication of this survey is based on its contribution to the understanding of loan consumption behaviors in Kenya, presenting relevant insights for policymakers, financial institutions, and other stakeholders in the lending and borrowing processes. The outcome has the potential to inform loan structure policies to enhance the promotion of responsible and sustainable loan consumption.
Comprehensive Analysis of the Transport Sector in Narayanganj City: Existing Scenario and Way Forward
Authors: Shawon Shafiqul , Juboraj Shahaduzzaman
Published: October 2024

This study examines transportation issues in Narayanganj City Corporation, one of the densely populated cities in Bangladesh. It examines the Chashara intersection which is a major intersection within the city, suffers from ever worsening traffic and poor infrastructure. Using qualitative research methods, information was obtained through field surveys, observation as well as four focus group discussions with residents aged 20-50 years mainly students, urban dwellers experts. Some of the problems that emerged from the study include poor traffic control, limited road construction and maintenance. The findings also highlight significant challenges, including poor traffic management, insufficient road networks, and inefficient regulation of transport services, notably the prevalence of auto-rickshaws contributing to the congestion. The study identifies the Chashara intersection as a critical area requiring urgent intervention. Proposed solutions emphasize the introduction of alternative routes to alleviate bottlenecks, stricter regulation of auto-rickshaw operations, and the implementation of congestion pricing mechanisms to manage traffic flow. These recommendations aim to provide a strategic framework for improving urban mobility and ensuring sustainable development in the transportation sector of Narayanganj. The need for immediate, coordinated efforts from local authorities and urban planners is underscored, as addressing these issues is essential for enhancing the city’s livability and accommodating future growth.
The “Cognitive” Architectural Design Process and Its Problem with Recent Artificial Intelligence Applications
Authors: Gammal Yasser
Published: October 2024

The connection between cognitive science and the architectural design process reveals significant gaps that limit the full potential of creating effective built environments. A key issue is the insufficient integration of cognitive principles into design workflows. Architects frequently rely on traditional methods and aesthetic considerations without fully understanding how spatial configurations influence human cognition and behavior. While recent AI applications in architecture, such as Computer-Aided Drafting (CAD), Building Information Modeling (BIM), and interactive web and VR presentations, show promising advancements, AI still struggles with complex architectural functions. AI lacks the creativity and imagination inherent in human cognition. It operates based on fixed programming, producing specific outcomes and requiring human oversight to apply insights from one dataset to another. The primary challenge in using AI for architectural design is ensuring minimal design flaws, as replicating human cognitive abilities with AI and various machine learning techniques remains difficult. This research paper aims to explore the relationship between cognitive science, artificial intelligence, and the architectural design process through four main objectives: First, to investigate the integration of AI with current architectural software applications. Second, to examine potential connections between AI and major architectural design trends. Third, to define two frameworks for the Cognitive Architectural Design Process to guide the development of AI systems in architectural design by analyzing key cognitive design theories. Finally, to create a proposed "Architectural Design Process-Cognitive Pilot Map" from an architectural perspective to aid AI programmers in developing architecture design software applications.
Causes and Effects of Academic Staff Turnover Intentions on Organizational Performance: Comparative Studies on Ambo and Haramaya Universities
Authors: Tolossa Abebe
Published: October 2024

The purpose of this study was to conduct a comparative analysis of the causes of academic staff turnover intentions and their impact on the performance of Ambo and Haramaya Universities. The study primarily focused on factors such as socio-demographic characteristics, job satisfaction, compensation, work environment, and leadership style as determinants of academic staff turnover. A stratified sampling method was used to determine the sample population, while a convenience sampling technique was employed to collect data from the sample. Out of a total population of 1,672 academic staff members, a sample size of 143 was determined using Yamane's sampling formula. Of the 143 distributed questionnaires, 133 were returned, with 10 remaining uncollected. Both primary and secondary data sources were utilized, with primary data gathered through questionnaires. The research was designed as a descriptive and explanatory study to both describe relevant statistical data and explain the causes and effects observed in the study. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, including frequencies, percentages, and numerical values, as well as inferential statistics, such as correlation analyses and multiple regression models. University performance was measured through various indicators, including stakeholder engagement and satisfaction, revenue generation from business entities, quality of education, research and community services, the expansion of universities with modern facilities, and the number of academic programs offered. The findings revealed that the causes of academic staff turnover have a positive relationship with university performance, while turnover itself has a negative relationship with university performance. This implies that if universities effectively manage the causes of academic staff turnover, their overall performance is likely to improve.
Linguistic Strategies in Political Discourse: Hedges and Boosters in the 2024 US Presidential Debate
Authors: Halomoan Hot
Published: October 2024

This study examines the strategic use of hedges and boosters in the first US presidential debate of June 26, 2024, between Joe Biden and Donald Trump. These linguistic devices are crucial in shaping political discourse by modulating confidence and authority. Hedges introduce ambiguity and caution, while boosters amplify certainty and assertiveness. Using the official debate transcript as the primary data source, this analysis employs a qualitative content analysis to identify and categorize these strategies. It highlights distinct usage patterns: Joe Biden frequently uses hedges to express caution and acknowledge complexities, while Donald Trump relies heavily on boosters to project unwavering confidence and decisiveness. Biden’s strategic use of hedges allows him to navigate contentious issues with a balanced tone, while Trump’s emphasis on boosters strengthens his assertive stance and enhances his perceived authority. This research fills a gap in existing literature by specifically analyzing these linguistic devices within the context of presidential debates. The findings provide insights into how both candidates use hedges and boosters to influence voter perceptions and address rhetorical challenges, contributing to a deeper understanding of political communication strategies and their effects on audience reception.
Speaker Recognition System Using Hybrid of MFCC and RCNN with HCO Algorithm Optimization
Authors: Otenyi Stephen , Ngoo Livingstone , Kiragu Henry
Published: October 2024

Though there are advancements in speaker recognition technology, available systems often fail to correctly recognize speakers especially in noisy environments. The use of Mel-frequency cepstral coefficients (MFCC) has been improved using Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) yet difficulties in achieving high accuracies still exists. Hybrid algorithms combining MFCC and Region-based Convolutional Neural Networks (RCNN) have been found to be promising. In this research features from speech signals were extracted for speaker recognition, to denoise the signals, design and develop a DFT-based denoising system using spectrum subtraction and to develop a speaker recognition method for the Verbatim Transcription using MFCC. The DFT was used to transform the sampled audio signal waveform into a frequency-domain signal. RCNN was used to model the characteristics of speakers based on their voice samples, and to classify them into different categories or identities. The novelty of the research was that it used MFCC integrated with RCNN and optimized with Host-Cuckoo Optimization (HCO) algorithm. HCO algorithm is capable of further weight optimization through the process of generating fit cuckoos for best weights. It also captured the temporal dependencies and long-term information. The system was tested and validated on audio recordings from different personalities from the National Assembly of Kenya. The results were compared with the actual identity of the speakers to confirm accuracy. The performance of the proposed approach was compared with two other existing speaker recognition the traditional approaches being MFCC-CNN and Linear Predictive Coefficients (LPC)-CNN. The comparison was based the Equal Error Rate (EER), False Rejection Rate (FRR), False Match Rate (FMR), and True Match Rate (TMR). Results show that the proposed algorithm outperformed the others in maintaining a lowest EER, FMR, FRR and highest TMR.
Using Kantian Ethics in Dissolving Disputes over Management and Distribution of Natural Resources in Tanzania
Authors: Otieno Osawo , Monchena Thomas
Published: October 2024

The broad range of the managements of the natural resources in Tanzania has resulted into the creation of complex organizations and systems which has led to the exploitation of the workers depending on these resources for livelihood. These are various groups of actors such as insurgents’ groups, minority groups, and corrupt democratically elected leaders. Obviously, these leads to internal mistrust and commotion within a state rendered in calmness and contrary to peaceful coexistence. As a researcher the bottom line of these constrains needs holistic education and realization to combat the eminent crisis at hand. Each person has a role to play for the peaceful living in a society with great goals and opportunities. The dignity and integrity of each person is a very important and at stake. My research analysis indicates how Kantian ethics will tackle the above mentioned constrains for the peaceful coexistence in the society. For Kant, every human being has a right and obligation for every moral action. In any democratic society where laws and statutes are adhered to the issues of natural resources must be accounted for with the aim of common good. Using Immanuel Kant’s dictum on categorical imperative, these transformations in the management of the natural resources in Tanzania can be effectively be achieved.
The Analysis of the Characters of Wording for High School Classical Chinese
Authors: Zhou Sili , Li Jie
Published: October 2024

Classical Chinese carries the splendid culture of China. It is the important learning content for Chinese in high school. At the same time, the scoring rate is not good in the corresponding examination. Reading and comprehending classical Chinese in high school is the hardest part, especially for students who are not good at language learning. It is meaningful to analyze the characters of wording for classical Chinese. In this paper, NLP (Natural Language Processing) technology is applied to analyze the word usage for classical Chinese in high school. Firstly, ancient poems and literature in teaching materials in high school and classical Chinese exam questions of the past 15 years are collected. Secondly, raw data is preprocessed, cut words, and calculated word frequencies. Finally, top N words are generated and the experimental data is analyzed. According to the experimental results, the methods proposed in this paper can be used to analyze words for classical Chinese in high school. The Top N words are calculated and analyzed. It provides a good reference for high school students to learn classical Chinese.