bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Actitudes y concepciones socioeducativas hacia jóvenes con diversidad funcional intelectual en el contexto escolar andaluz
Authors: Negri-Cortés María Isabel , Leiva-Olivencia Juan José
Published: September 2021

Introducción. Las relaciones personales de la juventud con diversidad funcional intelectual (en adelante DFI) en los diferentes ámbitos de su vida escolar y personal son determinantes para su plena inclusión. Objetivo. Analizar las concepciones y actitudes socioeducativas que existen actualmente hacia el alumnado con DFI. Metodología. Se utilizó un diseño mixto de investigación, para el cual contamos con una muestra incidental de 38 docentes de seis centros de educación secundaria y 37 profesionales de nueve entidades sociales de apoyo a la inclusión de jóvenes con DFI de Málaga. La recogida de datos se realizó mediante dos cuestionarios ad hoc y un total de 18 entrevistas a diferentes agentes educativos del ámbito formal y no formal. Resultados. Existen ciertas dificultades en el sistema educativo para atender la diversidad; se delega la atención de este alumnado a profesionales de apoyo a la integración; las relaciones interpersonales de esta juventud suelen darse con otros compañeros y compañeras con necesidades educativas especiales (en adelante NEE), y son muy reducidas o basadas en burlas y acoso. El trato paternalista del profesorado dificulta su desarrollo autónomo e incide negativamente en su autoestima. Discusión. Se propone promover la autodeterminación de esta juventud, concienciando y sensibilizando a la comunidad educativa hacia concepciones positivas de la diversidad.
Investigación documental sobre el cuerpo y la corporeidad en la escuela
Authors: González-Plate Lylian Iris , Sepúlveda-Gallardo Camila Belén
Published: September 2021

Esta investigación documental sintetiza la producción científica realizada entre los años 2013-2018 acerca de los significados de cuerpo y corporeidad en el contexto escolar y en otros contextos. Las referencias provienen de las bases de datos Scopus, Red de Repositorios Latinoamericanos de la Universidad de Chile y repositorios online de ocho bibliotecas de universidades chilenas. Las búsquedas se hacen en las áreas de ciencias sociales, artes y humanidades y psicología, a través de los descriptores: Corpo, Body, Cuerpo y Educación, Cuerpo y Educación Física, Corporalidad; Corporeidad e imagen Corporal, Asessment and Conceptions and Representations. Fueron seleccionados 100 artículos de Scopus y de los repositorios se capturaron 152 documentos. Los hallazgos demuestran 7 focos de interés investigativo referidos a: estudiar el cuerpo en el contexto escolar, el abordaje teórico-metodológico, una línea en progreso de acercamiento a la dimensión subjetiva del cuerpo, prácticas corporales fuera de la escuela, representación del cuerpo en los medios, la mirada sociocultural del cuerpo y, finalmente, el estudio sobre sexo, género y cuerpo. En conclusión, en las referencias internacionales prevalece el paradigma positivista, con una concepción biomédica que emana desde diversos contextos; en las referencias latinoamericanas prevalece el estudio cuerpo asociados a la escuela, aunque desde una mirada transversal se observan indicios de generar conocimiento sobre la dimensión corporal subjetiva y expresiva. Aún falta investigar y escuchar la diversidad de las personas como actores sociales, en vistas de potenciales mejoras en las políticas educativas protectoras de la dignidad y justicia social de los cuerpos.
Imagining Polynesia
Authors: Hamilton Sue , Huke Hetereki , Seager Thomas Mike
Published: September 2021

Rapa Nui’s prehistoric Polynesian heritage is iconic. From the later twentieth century the island’s economy has been dependent on the tourism its prehistory attracts. However, until recently there has been little link between the modern built environment of Rapa Nui and its prehistoric past. This article tracks how during the late nineteenth and twentieth centuries, the island’s traditional domestic architecture was supplanted first by colonial then early modern Chilean architecture. The remains of this transformation are fast disappearing through contemporary demolition and an associated rejection of the past that the introduced architecture represents. We highlight how contemporary Rapa Nui architecture instead actively references its iconic prehistoric Polynesian past and positions Rapa Nui in a Polynesian context, for the first time detailing this trajectory and identifying how elements of past artistic and architectural traditions have become incorporated into the architecture of the present. Instead of presenting the intervening period as one of loss of traditional identity, this in fact emphasises a subtle continuity of Rapanui (indigenous Rapa Nui islander) identity. The study is relevant to exploring how the interacting demands and expectations of identity politics and heritage tourism (here in a Polynesian context) can impact on contemporary local architecture and the visitor milieu, reflecting modern concepts which promote the preservation of some architectures and cultural attributes over others.
Unidirectional crystallization and 3D structure of ternary four-component eutectic of B4C-NbB2-SiC system
Authors: Mazur V. , Bogomol Yu. , Upatov N.
Published: September 2021

Purpose. To investigate the laws of crystallization and formation of 3D morphology of ternary eutectics in system B4C-NbB2-SiC.

Research methods. SEM (SE, BSE), РСМА (EDS, WDS), XRD.

Results. The micro- and macro-morphology of eutectic colonies in alloys of the system NbB2-SiC-В4С formed during directional crystallization have been investigated. The obtained patterns are embodied in a 3D structural model of (B4C+NbB2+SiC) eutectic cell and from these result, a microscopic kinetics of crystallization of this cell was proposed. The continuity of eutectic phase dendrites from nucleation to the end of growth and inadequacy of ideas about eutectic as a mechanical mixture of small crystals of eutectic phases were shown.

Scientific novelty. For the first time a 3D model of a three-phase 4-component eutectic cell of eutectic colony was built. For the first time the possibility of combined microscopic crystallization kinetics of a three-phase eutectics was revealed, including both paired cooperative microscopic kinetics of (SіC+ NbB2) growth and the kinetics of autonomous growth of the third eutectic phase B4C.

Practical value. Revealing the pattern of micro and macrostructure formation of a three-phase eutectics, which was formed in the course of directional crystallization, opens up technological prospects for purposeful control of the structure and properties of eutectic alloy due to the change of micro and macro morphological constituents, including the method of modification.
Chemical, mineralogical, and physicochemical features of surface saline muds from Southwestern sub-basin of the East Vietnam Sea: Implication for new peloids
Authors: Le Duc Luong , Nguyen Hoang , Shinjo Ryuichi , B. Shakirov Renat , Obzhirov Anatoly
Published: September 2021

This study presents the chemical, mineralogical and physicochemical features of 8 saline mud samples from 8 gravity cores located in the southwestern sub-basin of the East Vietnam Sea. The grain-size analysis of mud samples reveals the amount of clay and silt particles in the ranges of 65.1-89.2% and 9.5-34.2%, respectively and a very low fraction of sand. The analytical results showed that mud samples have high contents of SiO2 (32.79-48.09%), Al2O3 (11.26-13.63%), CaO (3.10-13.93%), Fe2O3 (4.15-9.45%), and low contents of TiO2, MnO, MgO, Na2O, K2O and P2O5. The XRD analysis of mud samples indicated mineral compositions with major minerals of quartz, illite, calcite, chlorite, feldspar, kaolinite, and other minor minerals like halite, smectite, fluorapatite, pyroxene, amphibole. The organic and physicochemical parameters of mud samples were also measured. Potentially toxic elements in mud samples were determined and compared with reference values and the technical standard. This study proposes that saline mud samples from the studied area are potential peloids.
Formation of group self-efficacy in the conditions of joint activity in preschool children
Authors: Avdeeva Ksenia
Published: September 2021

Currently, the development of collective joint activity as a factor of group effectiveness is relevant. Preschool age is characterized by intensive personal development, which, according to many researchers, fully occurs only in a team. Adequate organization of joint activities in preschool age encourages the child to rapid socialization and develops group self-efficacy. It is important that children have an idea of their group as a whole. This subjective factor of activity effectiveness is formed in the experience of successful implementation of joint activities, in the favorable psychological climate of the children's collective. The article presents a model of a formative experiment aimed at creating conditions for the formation of self-efficacy of a group at preschool age. The author presents in detail the methodological block within the framework of the ascertaining and forming part of the dissertation research aimed at identifying objective and subjective factors affecting the effectiveness of joint activities. The article also presents the results of the formative experiment of the included observation of the joint activities of children. The author describes in detail the content of formative classes aimed at developing group self-efficacy in a children's team. The results of observation of changes in the joint activity of preschoolers before and after the formative experiment are a statement of the fact of the relationship between group self-efficacy and its effectiveness. A comparative analysis of the formative experiment showed that children from the experimental group became more active in joint activities. More than 50% of the children of the control group remained indifferent to group activities. The author reveals the relationship between the formed idea of the group as a whole and the effectiveness of joint activities among preschoolers. In conclusion, the author points out that the insufficient development of the study leaves a prospect for further study of the process of forming preschool children's ideas about the positive result of joint activity, as the main indicator of the self-effectiveness of a group of preschoolers.
Aspectos antissociais na velhice
Authors: Souza Emmanuel Nunes de
Published: September 2021

Resumos Segundo Winnicott, a tendência antissocial tem por etiologia uma deprivação que ocorre quando está se dando a fusão entre os elementos instintuais e motores. A desfusão desses elementos resulta num prejuízo no desenvolvimento criativo das relações objetais e na expressão da agressividade. A tendência antissocial se manifesta através de um transtorno no ambiente, por meio da mentira, do roubo e da destrutividade. Neste artigo, apresento um caso clínico em que surgiram comportamentos antissociais numa pessoa idosa e como se constituiu o setting terapêutico para seu tratamento. Por fim, o texto discute se a etapa da vida que se conhece por velhice, por se apresentar amiúde com decadência física e declínio instintual, não causaria nos indivíduos uma deprivação que se expressaria por meio de múltiplos transtornos, normalmente percebidos como manifestações da mera velhice e que, na verdade, poderiam ser mais bem entendidos como expressão de uma tendência antissocial.
AS TEORIAS DE CARTEIRA DE MARKOWITZ E DE SHARPE: UMA APLICAÇÃO NO MERCADO BRASILEIRO DE AÇÕES ENTRE JULHO/95 E JUNHO/2000
Authors: ZANINI FRANCISCO ANTÔNIO MESQUITA , FIGUEIREDO ANTONIO CARLOS
Published: September 2021

RESUMO Questão central para analistas e administradores de carteiras de investimento, o gerenciamento do risco é um desafio permanente também para o meio acadêmico. Markowitz apresentou, em 1952, as bases da Moderna Teoria de Carteiras. Dadas as dificuldades técnicas para aplicação da Teoria de Markowitz àquela época, Sharpe desenvolveu, já nos anos 60, uma Teoria baseada no modelo original, mas adotando expressivas simplificações, que facilitavam em muito os cálculos necessários à sua implementação. O cerne do presente trabalho é a comparação entre o desempenho de uma e de outra Teoria. Procura-se identificar se as simplificações adotadas por Sharpe prejudicam ou não o desempenho de seu modelo. Adicionalmente discutem-se eventuais benefícios para o investidor, decorrentes da aplicação das duas Teorias.
Desenvolvimento de um sismógrafo empregando sensores piezoelétricos em plataforma Arduino
Authors: Amorim Cleber Alexandre de , Villas-Bôas Lúcia Adriana , Morais Flávio José de , Matulovic Mariana
Published: September 2021

Desde 2018, o aprofundamento teórico da componente de física – na área de Ciências da Natureza e suas Tecnologias – subdivide-se nas seguintes unidades temáticas de conhecimento: matéria e energia; vida, Terra e cosmos; tecnologia e linguagem científica. Neste contexto, o ensino de física deve ter como um dos seus pilares, na sociedade contemporânea, a busca por explicações a respeito das novas tecnologias integradas à vida, à profissão e ao cotidiano do estudante, tendo como suporte a indissociabilidade entre a teoria e prática no processo de ensino-aprendizagem. O presente artigo tem como objetivo destacar a potencialidade da articulação do ensino de física, subsidiado por projetos e prática, com aporte das tecnologias. Particularmente, neste trabalho expõe-se três ensaios experimentais a respeito do sismógrafo para ser aplicado no contexto da sala de aula. Propõe-se delinear uma ferramenta que atua como um laboratório em sala de aula, auxiliando professores e alunos em uma melhor assimilação de conceitos da área de Ciências da Natureza e suas Tecnologias, de modo a dotá-los com demonstrações e experimentos científicos que os conduzam a decisões à luz da ciência e do saber científico.
Suscetibilidade à cinetose em crianças de oito a onze anos
Authors: Teixeira Bruna , Rech Rafaela Soares , Sleifer Pricila
Published: September 2021

RESUMO A cinetose se caracteriza pela intolerância ao movimento, resultante de um conflito sensorial entre os sistemas visual, proprioceptivo e vestibular. Na população infantil, a cinetose é frequente, porém o difícil diagnóstico acaba subestimando a prevalência nesse grupo específico. As alterações vestibulares pediátricas têm importante influência no desenvolvimento infantil. O objetivo do artigo foi analisar a suscetibilidade à cinetose em crianças e verificar possíveis fatores associados, bem como identificar diferenças entre as respostas, quando comparados os sexos, as faixas etárias e a autopercepção dos pais. Trata-se de um estudo transversal. A amostra de conveniência consecutiva foi constituída por crianças de ambos os sexos, com idade entre oito e onze anos. Para avaliar a suscetibilidade à cinetose, foi aplicado o motion sickness questionnaire short form (MSSQ), realizado individualmente com cada criança. A análise estatística foi realizada por meio do SPSS Versão v.21. Adotou-se nível de significância de 0,05. Utilizaram-se os testes estatísticos Kolmogorov-Smirnov; T de Student; Anova e teste de Friedman. Ao total, foram analisadas 223 crianças. Observou-se que 89,7% das crianças avaliadas eram suscetíveis à cinetose. Houve diferença significativa na comparação da suscetibilidade à cinetose entre os sexos, sendo as meninas, mais suscetíveis em relação aos meninos (p=0,001). Na comparação entre as faixas etárias, não houve significância estatística. Crianças com onze anos apresentaram maior suscetibilidade à cinetose. Houve diferença nas respostas relatadas pelas crianças e pais sobre a suscetibilidade das crianças à cinetose.
Desenvolvimento motor de bebês em intervenção parental durante a puericultura: série de casos
Authors: Cardoso Katia Virgínia Viana , Carvalho Cinthia Marques de , Carvalho Cinthia Marques de , Ferreira Letícia Helene Mendes , Gama Marcela de Castro Ferracioli
Published: September 2021

RESUMO O desenvolvimento infantil deve ser promovido pela família com apoio formal na puericultura. O presente estudo analisou o desempenho motor de bebês submetidos à intervenção parental na puericultura. Foi realizado um estudo de série de casos, observacional, longitudinal e descritivo, com 215 bebês de 0-18 meses atendidos em uma Unidade de Atenção Primária em Saúde de uma capital do Nordeste brasileiro. O desempenho motor dos bebês foi avaliado pela Alberta infant motor scale e orientações foram transmitidas aos pais a depender do atraso motor observado. Observou-se que 77,7% dos bebês tiveram seu primeiro atendimento no primeiro semestre de vida, 57,6% apresentaram baixo risco e 76,7% desempenho motor normal. Houve relação significativa entre a estratificação de risco e a idade gestacional e entre a estratificação de risco e o desempenho motor. Os intervalos entre as avaliações variaram de 7-252 dias. A porcentagem de bebês com atrasos motores é maior para os que chegam à puericultura após o terceiro trimestre de vida. Todos os bebês identificados com suspeita de atraso ou como atípicos, que frequentaram a puericultura, melhoraram o desempenho motor até a terceira avaliação. Bebês que são levados precocemente à puericultura, para orientações sobre intervenção parental, recuperam o atraso do desenvolvimento motor, porém muitas famílias não comparecem ao seguimento da puericultura ou chegam tardiamente para atendimento.
Construção e validação de cartilha educativa sobre exercícios pélvicos fundamentais para mulheres com incontinência urinária
Authors: Pontes Íris Bisof , Domingues Elaine Aparecida Rocha , Kaizer Uiara Aline de Oliveira
Published: September 2021

RESUMO A incontinência urinária feminina é uma condição multifatorial caracterizada pela perda involuntária de urina. Para seu manejo, é necessário o fortalecimento da musculatura do assoalho pélvico. Logo, a orientação por meio de material educativo disponível é uma ferramenta essencial para facilitar a transmissão do conteúdo e a adesão da população. Assim, o objetivo do trabalho foi desenvolver e validar uma cartilha educativa sobre exercícios pélvicos fundamentais para mulheres com incontinência urinária. Estudo metodológico, submetido a seis avaliadores experts na área, para a validade de conteúdo do material com o uso do Índice de Validade de Conteúdo (IVC). Posteriormente foi aplicado em 30 mulheres usuárias do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) e que realizavam acompanhamento ginecológico nas unidades de saúde para validação com a população-alvo. O estudo foi aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa local sob o parecer no 4.099.724. O IVC da cartilha educativa variou de 0,71 a 1,00. Os especialistas fizeram observações referentes à aparência e ao conteúdo do material, as quais foram acatadas para a versão final. No pré-teste, as mulheres entenderam as imagens e o texto, 83,3% julgaram a capa como chamativa e todas concordaram que a sequência, a estrutura organizacional e a construção das frases estavam adequadas. As ilustrações foram de fácil compreensão e 100% afirmaram que foram totalmente abordados os assuntos necessários; a grande maioria (96,6%) relatou motivação para leitura. A cartilha confeccionada mostrou-se adequada para orientação de mulheres com incontinência urinária, pelo seu conteúdo coerente com a realidade e com a necessidade de saúde.
Body size responses to land use in stream fish: the importance of different metrics and functional groups
Authors: Pott Crisla Maciel , Dala-Corte Renato Bolson , Becker Fernando Gertum
Published: September 2021

Abstract Body size influences the effect of individuals and assemblages on ecosystem functioning and defines how they respond to ecosystem changes. We evaluated how body size structure of fish assemblages and functional groups respond to human modifications at catchment, riparian and local scales in 40 streams of the Pampa grasslands, southern Brazil. To describe body size structure, we calculated the mean, coefficient of variation, skewness, and kurtosis, using individual biomass data for the entire fish assemblages and separately by functional group. The results suggested that body size response depends on body size metrics, functional group, and the spatial scale of land use. From 11 functional groups, only five showed a clear response to land use. In general, most functional groups had a higher concentration of small sizes (left-skewed) in response to increased land use measured at distinct spatial scales (local, riparian, and catchment), and a greater concentration of sizes in a narrow and central distribution (higher kurtosis). However, the responses were complex and varied between the functional groups. We conclude that considering ecomorphological and trophic features separately by functional group and assessing multiple body size metrics contributed greatly to detecting the influence of land use on fish body size.
Maria Emilia Amarante Torres Lima: A Rescue of the Memory of the Discourse Analysis in Brazil
Authors: Souza Mailson Fernandes Cabral de
Published: September 2021

ABSTRACT This paper has the purpose of rescuing the intellectual trajectory of Maria Emilia Amarante Torres Lima. The work of this researcher is an important testimony of the history of the Discourse Analysis of the French line, as well as the initial link of this discipline with Social Psychology. In her doctoral thesis, guided by Michel Pêcheux, Lima developed a pioneering study on the phenomenon of populism in Brazil from the analysis of the construction and operation of the speeches of May the 1st of Getúlio Vargas. However, this author’s work is little known both within Discourse Analysis and Psychology. In order to rescue this memory, we take as a theoretical-methodological contribution the studies developed by Jeanne Marie Gagnebin on memory and narration together with the concepts of archiving and reading-writing elaborated by Michel Pêcheux.
Killing Joke: A Study of the Carnivalesque Discourse in Todd Phillips’ Joker
Authors: Javanian Mohammadreza Hassanzadeh , Rahmani Farzan
Published: September 2021

ABSTRACT Todd Phillips’ Joker (2019) is the latest cinematic portrayal of the notorious clown prince of Gotham City. Although the previous film adaptations would usually picture him as a villain to Batman’s hero, this version depicts him as a lonely man who has to cope with depression and struggles to be accepted by and fit in the society. Therefore, this version of the character carries a marked aura of socio-political consciousness. The present paper aims to analyze Todd Phillips’ Joker through the lens of the carnival ritual as put forward by Mikhail Bakhtin. The paper will discuss different carnivalesque elements present in Joker, and illustrate how the movie takes full advantage of them to mount an attack against the prevalent, official culture of Gotham. Moreover, it will argue how Joker forms a utopian condition where the constant anarchy results in freedom.
Necessidade de mudanças na educação médica e a percepção de professores antes da pandemia da Covid-19
Authors: Serra Sandra Torres , Taquette Stella Regina , Bteshe Mariana , Corrêa Letícia Moraes , Mattos Alice Vargas Vieira
Published: September 2021

Este estudo objetiva analisar questões da educação médica evidenciadas pelas medidas de distanciamento social provocadas pela pandemia do coronavírus19 associadas às percepções de professores de medicina sobre esses mesmos aspectos, em um momento prévio à eclosão da crise sanitária. Realizamos um recorte de resultados de uma pesquisa de natureza qualitativa e conduzimos a discussão com base na triangulação de dados entre observações de campo e entrevistas com professores. A pandemia reacendeu debates sobre a relevância de conteúdos, a utilização de tecnologias digitais para fins pedagógicos e o valor do trabalho colaborativo. Além disso, resgatou questões que envolvem habilidades de comunicação e a saúde de estudantes nas práticas do cuidado. Discutiremos a experiência passada articulando-a às experiências recentes e o que poderemos recolher para (re)construirmos os rumos da formação dos médicos.
ROLE AND VALUE OF DIGITAL LITERACY
Authors:   Alatoo International University, Kaldybaev Salidin , Orozbaeva Ainura ,   Osh Humanitarian and Pedagogical Institute
Published: September 2021

The article analyzes the importance of informatization of education in Kyrgyzstan, the role of information technology in improving the lives and activities of citizens. Informatization of education is a factor in the development of the education system as a whole. It allows the young generation to learn the capabilities of information technology, acquire skills and their application in life situations. The article traces the development of the concept of computer and information literacy, the constituent elements of these concepts. The development of mobile technologies, the adoption of conceptual documents on digital transformation made it possible to talk about the need to ensure digital literacy of citizens. The content of the concept of “digital literacy”, the point of view of researchers on this issue, and the varieties of this concept are analyzed.
Comparison of the results of optical and electrophysical measurements of free electron density in n-GaAs samples doped with tellurium
Authors: Yugova T. G. , Belov A. G. , Kanevskii V. E. , Kladova E. I. , Knyazev S. N.
Published: September 2021

A theoretical model has been developed that allows one to determine free electron density in n-GaAs from the characteristic points on far-infrared reflection spectra. It was shown that, in this case, it is necessary to take into account the plasmon-phonon coupling (otherwise, the electron density is overestimated). The calculated dependence of electron density, Nopt, on the characteristic wave number, ν+, which is described by a second degree polynomial, has been obtained.Twenty-five tellurium-doped gallium arsenide samples were used to measure the electron density in two ways: according to traditional four-contact Hall method (Van der Pauw method) and using the optical method we developed (measurements were carried out at room temperature). Based on the experimental results, the dependence was constructed of the electron density values obtained from the Hall data, NHall, on the electron density obtained by the optical method, Nopt. It is shown that this dependence is described by linear function. It is established that the data of optical and electrophysical measurements coincide if the electron density is Neq = 1.07 ⋅ 1018 cm-3, for lower values of the Hall density NHall < Nopt, and for large values NHall > Nopt. A qualitative model is proposed to explain the results. It has been suggested that tellurium atoms bind to vacancies of arsenic into complexes, as a result of which the electron density decreases. On the surface of the crystal, the concentration of arsenic vacancies is lower and, therefore, the condition Nopt > NHall should be satisfied. As the doping level increases, more and more tellurium atoms remain electrically active, so electron density in the volume begins to prevail over the surface one. However, with a further increase in the doping level, the ratio NHall/Nopt again decreases, tending to unity. This, probably, is due to the fact that the rate of decomposition of the complexes “tellurium atom + arsenic vacancy” decreases with increasing doping level.
Reflections on Ludification: Approaching a Conceptual Framework – And Discussing Inherent Challenges
Authors: Kampmann Walther Bo , Larsen Lasse Juel
Published: September 2021

This article discusses the relatively new concept of ludification with the attempt of laying the theoretical groundwork for further studies. Although ludification ties in with both gamification and the concept and practice of transmedia it possesses unique characteristics and qualities of its own, primarily evolving around games and playful ways of structuring stories. The focus point is how traditional media such as tv-series and movies incorporate game-like traits and structures into their narrative structure. This concerns both the narrative structures that users can and cannot interact with. Among other things, we consider a deep understanding of ludification vital for the more practically oriented approach to learning through (serious) games. Thus, this paper serves as a prolegomenon to the interpretation of works of ludification, as well as to the diverse field of deploying gamified material in didactical and pedagogical context. In addition to the conceptual groundwork for understanding ludification and how it manifests itself we propose an analytical method for unearthing the traits and structures of ludification: we have coined this method the ludo-interpretation. Furthermore, this article discusses the merits and shortcomings of ludification and the ludo-interpretation in the final section where we deploy a Popperian inspired three-levelled falsification and refutation technique.
DEKRIMINALISERING NIE DIE ENIGSTE STRUIKELBLOK IN SEKSWERKERS SE STRYD OM ARBEIDSREGTE
Authors: Hennie Oosthuizen  , Rinda Botha
Published: September 2021

Prostitution is at present still regarded as a criminal offence in South Africa. However, the possibility of the decriminalization of the sex trade enjoys serious consideration by the South African Law Commission. It is generally accepted that the position of sex workers (at present treated as illegal workers) regarding labour rights, will automatically improve with decriminalization. This article focuses mainly on whether indoor sex workers’ access to labour rights will indeed improve. The risk for sex workers of being treated as independent contractors, once decriminalized, in the main enjoys attention and becomes clear from a comparative study with theNetherlands and Victoria (Australia) where sex work has been practised as a legal occupation for several years.
CONSUMER PROTECTION LEGISLATION AND PRIVATE INTERNATIONAL LAW
Authors: Jan L Neels
Published: September 2021

Although South African private international law is primarily based on bilateral and multilateral reference rules, the legislator in recent consumer protection legislation rather employs unilateral conflict rules by the identification of rules of immediate application and in the form of scope rules. The relevant provisions in the Electronic Communications and Transactions Act 25 of 2002, the National Credit Act 34 of 2005 and the Consumer Protection Act 68 of 2008 are discussed, together with the role that the traditional conflict rules still play. A new rule of private international law for consumer contracts is proposed; in this regard the principle of preferential treatmentwill play a role in the context of alternative reference rules.
DE-LINKING UBUNTU: TOWARDS A UNIQUE SOUTH AFRICAN JURISPRUDENCE
Authors: Freddy Mnyongani
Published: September 2021

The adoption in 1993 of the interim Constitution of the Republic of South Africa Act (200 of 1993) as the supreme law of the Republic marked a watershed moment in the history of South Africa. It was a moment of transition for which the interim Constitution was to serve as a bridge. In the words of the post-amble: “This Constitution provides a historic bridge between the past of a deeply divided society characterized by strife, conflict, untold suffering and injustice, and a future founded on the recognition of human rights democracy and peaceful co-existence and development opportunities for all South Africans, irrespective of colour, race, class, belief or sex.” (Under the section titled: “National Unity and Reconciliation”.) Given the volatile political context within which South Africa’s transition was negotiated, the drafters of the Constitution saw fit to append a postamble in which they called for the “need for understanding but not for vengeance, a need for reparation but not for retaliation, a need for ubuntu but not for victimisation” (under the section titled: “National Unity and Reconciliation”). For a country where the traditional legal discourse has been the domain of Western liberal values, the inclusion of an African value of ubuntu in the Constitution was in itself “a historic bridge”. In the words ofEtienne Mureinik, if this bridge is to “span the open sewer of violent and contentious transition” those who are entrusted with its upkeep need to know where the bridge is from and where it is leading to. For Mureinik, the interim Constitution is a bridge away from a culture of authority to a culture of justification where every exercise of power must be justified.
A DISCUSSION ON THE ISSUE OF COSTS IN RELATION TO DERIVATIVE PROCEEDINGS IN SECTION 165 OF THE COMPANIES ACT 71 OF 2008
Authors: Darren Subramanien
Published: September 2021

A historical practical obstacle to the institution of derivative proceedings has been the burden of costs. The burden of costs was identified as problematic as long ago as 1970 in the Van Wyk De Vries Commission of Inquiry into Companies and has the potential to continue to disincentivise derivative proceedings in light of the provisions of section 165 of the Companies Act 71 of 2008. Comparable provisions in the United Kingdom Companies Act 2006 are discussed to identify whether any improvements can be made with respect to the issue of costs in instituting derivative proceedings under section 165.
METHODS TO USE WHEN TEACHING LEGAL ETHICS IN SOUTH AFRICA
Authors: E Snyman-Van Deventer
Published: September 2021

Teaching legal ethics must be more than just compliance with the requirements of the legal profession but also an opportunity for every law faculty or law school to make a contribution to the development of a culture of ethics. Whether legal ethics are taught in a stand-alone module or integrated in any other module, the lecturer has to determine the goals and objectives of the module and how to achieve them and also how to assess whether the set goals and objectives have been achieved. In designing a module on legal ethics, the lecturer’s own style and personality will influence the module’s structure, style and technique. The lecturer therefore needs to choose the teaching method that suits him or her. Teaching methods identified include case studies, problems, Socratic instruction, discussions, group discussions, video and film presentations, co-curricular activities, lectures, the use of social media and the Internet, clinical participation, role play and simulations, law clinics, written assignments, one-minute essays, games, and moot courts. Most of these methods are not exclusive; in teaching, one most often uses a combination of the different methodologies. This article focuses mainly on the methods to be used (the “how” question) when teaching legal ethics. The objectives (the “what and why” questions) and structural aspects (the “where” questions) are also dealt with briefly. The “how” question is important because how we approach teaching needs to reflect the changing student body, the increase in student numbers and the changing learning style of our students. In answering the “how” question, various methodologies are discussed as possible ways to teach legal ethics in a South African context.
On the issue of selecting and optimizing parameters of continuous laser welding of cast iron
Authors:   Bryansk State Technical University, Russian Federation, Ilyushkin Dmitry , Soldatov Valery ,   Bryansk State Technical University, Russian Federation, Petrakov Oleg ,   Bryansk State Technical University, Russian Federation, Kotlyarova Irina ,   Bryansk State Technical University, Russian Federation
Published: September 2021

Introduction. Cast iron extremely poorly tolerate thermal welding cycles, and therefore it is necessary to choose carefully the technological parameters. The main parameters of continuous laser welding are: the power of laser radiation, the welding speed, the parameters of the focusing system. The aim of the work is to determine the optimal power and speed of continuous laser welding of cast iron, depending on the geometry of the weld. In this paper, the welding seams obtained on samples of gray alloyed cast iron with a pearlitic metal base, using an LS-1 ytterbium fiber laser, are studied. Research methods. The geometric parameters of the joints were quantified in the program for quantitative analysis and image processing ImageJ. The obtained data were processed by regression analysis. To optimize the process parameters, an orthogonal plan of the passive experiment was developed, including nine experiments in which the factors varied at three equally spaced levels. The quality parameters in the passive experiment were the geometric dimensions of the weld pool and the size of the quenched zone. To solve the optimization problem, we used the methods of gray relational analysis and linear programming. Results and Discussions. The obtained regression models explain a significant proportion of the variance of the dependent variables, the regression coefficients, as well as the models themselves, are statistically significant, which indicates a close linear relationship between the seam geometry and the process parameters. The calculated shape of the weld pool depending on the radiation power and welding speed shows that the required welding seam of the required dimensions can be obtained at various process parameters which allow solving a multi-criteria optimization problem. The gray relational evaluation of the geometric parameters of the seam shows that the most correct parameters in terms of obtaining the seam of the maximum depth with the minimum width, convexity (concavity) and the quenched zone are the minimum power and maximum welding speed. The calculation of the optimal radiation power and welding speed depending on the seam depth showed that welding of small thicknesses is optimally carried out with minimal power, and the seam depth is adjusted by changing the beam speed. Welding of large thicknesses is optimal at high speed, and to increase the depth of the seam, the power must increase.
Experimental study of the relationship between the vibro-acoustic parameters of the grinding process and the macro-roughness of the treated surface
Authors:   South Ural State University, Chelyabinsk, Russian Federation, Ardashev Dmitrii , Zhukov Aleksandr ,   South Ural State University, Chelyabinsk, Russian Federation
Published: September 2021

Introduction. To assess the current state of the technological system (TS) during grinding, it is preferable to use indirect criteria. Such approaches, in contrast to direct measurement methods, can be carried out without interrupting the production process. The main parameters used in the indirect assessment of the state of the cutting tool are the state of the workpiece (before and after processing), thermal and electrical characteristics of the cutting zone, vibroacoustic vibrations of the process, and force measurements. The work is devoted to the study of the acoustic parameters of grinding as a sufficiently informative and least resource-intensive characteristic. The relevance of the development of methods for assessing the state of the vehicle based on sound and topographic characteristics has many aspects, the main of which are applicability in grinding control, predicting the state of the cutting tool and planning the operations of the technological process. The aim of the work is to develop a mathematical model of the dependence of the vibroacoustic parameters of the external circular plunge-cut grinding process on the macro-roughness of the polished sample. The development of such a model is a necessary step in the design of a methodology for predicting the state of a tool. Accordingly, the subject of work is presented by two parameters simultaneously – the sound level arising in the process of grinding and the deviation of the surface shape of the ground images from cylindricality. The research methods used to achieve the designated aim were following: an experiment to study the sound phenomena accompanying round external plunge-cut grinding; measurement of macro-roughness of the surface of the samples, subjected to processing, using a coordinate measuring machine; correlation and regression analysis to obtain mathematical dependencies. Results and discussion. Two particular multiple linear regression models are obtained that describe the effect of the infeed rate and the operating time of the grinding wheel on the sound level during grinding and on deviations from the cylindricality of the processed samples. On the basis of particulars, a general model is developed that establishes the relationship between the sound characteristic and the macro-roughness index of the treated surface. It is shown that the sound characteristics (for example, the sound level) can be used as an indirect indicator of the current state of the vehicle, which makes it possible to assess the level of vibrations and, accordingly, to predict the quality of products.
The echocardiographic and radiological profile of Clinically diagnosed congenital heart disease in children
Authors:   Associate Professor of Paediatrics, Vydehi Institute of Medical Sciences & Research Centre, Bangalore, Karnataka, India, Bhaskar Dr. Sandeep , P Dr. Sneha ,   Senior Resident of Paediatrics, Vydehi Institute of Medical Sciences & Research Centre, Bangalore, Karnataka, India, Babu R Dr. Manjunath ,   Professor of Paediatrics, Akash Institute of Medical Sciences, Devanahalli, Karnataka, India, Chithambaram Dr. Chithambaram ,   Professor of Paediatrics, PES Institute of Medical Sciences& Research, Kuppam, Andhra Pradesh, India
Published: September 2021

Introduction: Congenital heart disease (CHD) if diagnosed clinically early and confirmed by ChestX-ray and ECHO, can be appropriately managed. Objectives: To observe the clinical profile of CHDin clinically diagnosed CHD in children To correlate the clinical profile with radiological andechocardiographic findings in the study group. Methods: It’s a cross-sectional study. The durationwas 18 months. All children in the age group of 1 month to 18years of age with history & clinicalfindings suggestive of CHDs were taken, assessed, subjected to Chest X-ray & 2 DECHO & werecorrelate. Results: Total no. of cases admitted during the study period was 5423, 624 had CHDamong which 50 fulfilling the criteria were taken. Clinically CCHD was in 34%, ACHD in 66%. Clinicalcorrelation with X-ray was 83% and with ECHO was 87 %. Conclusion: ACHD is more common,Chest x-ray findings correlated closely. ECHO correlation with the clinical diagnosis was veryaccurate especially in isolated lesions and some cases were identified which had been missedclinically. Hence Clinical Diagnosis with X-ray and ECHO helps in increased identification & earlierintervention of CHDs.
STATE PRIORITIES IN PRESERVATIONG OF ETHNONATIONAL IDENTITY BY THE REPRESENTATIVES OF UKRAINIAN DIASPORA: EDUCATIONAL CONTENT
Authors: Gazizova Olena
Published: September 2021

The legacy of substance and spirit, as well as traditional ethnonational dimensions, which are fundamental for the national being of Ukraine and allow feeling a constant connection with the Motherland, form an essential foundation for the further representation of Ukrainians and their culture in Ukraine and abroad.
The article is devoted to research of modern state of Ukrainian school membership abroad, especially in the context of ethnical and national identity formation and preservation. Problems of native language education of the young generation of Ukrainian Diaspora representatives are analyzed. It is indicated that many Ukrainians who don‟t live on Ukraine ground have such structure complicated phenomenon as ethnical and national identity. They recognize themselves as the representatives of Ukrainian nation (national factor), withstand to ethnical assimilation in the countries of settlement and preserve their language, traditional culture, ethnical self-consciousness (ethnical factor), support building up of Ukraine and development of Ukrainian studies in the world (state build factor).
The article focuses on the priorities of the state policy regarding Ukrainians abroad, the activities of state institutions aimed at meeting their educational, cultural, and information needs. As the Ukrainian authorities do not systematically protect the interests of their foreign compatriots and do not provide adequate support of cultural and educational centers as well as cultural and information projects, the process of foreign diasporas‟ assimilation intensifies.
Today, in particular, there are virtually no Ukrainian studies textbooks and manuals for schools abroad. This constitutes a significant problem for teachers who are forced to adapt textbooks developed for educational institutions in Ukraine and are not very suitable for foreign countries. Due to the lack of state support of the Ukrainian educational process abroad, the teaching community is trying to consolidate efforts to solve this problem.
Sars-Cov-2 Spike protein function prediction using a convolutional neural network ensemble
Authors: Fatma T. Ghanam Raghad Monther Eid, Eman K. Elsayed,
Published: September 2021

Introduction: SARS-CoV-2 has become a worldwide pandemic that affects all aspects of life; therefore, numerous organizations and open exploration foundations focus their efforts on research for viable therapeutics. Given past experiences and involvement in SARS, the essential focus has been the Spike protein, considered as the perfect objective for COVID-19 immunotherapies. Most of the vaccines being developed target the spike proteins because this protein covers the virus and helps it invade human cells. Methods: Applications of deep neural network is a quickly expanding field now reaching many areas including proteomics. Results: To be precise, convolutional neural networks have been used for identifying the functional role of amino acid sequences, because of its ability to give nearly accurate results for multi-label classification problems. Here we present a modified convolutional deep learning model that can  identify if a given amino acid sequence is a spike protein or not based on the length of the sequence and the function of the protein, that will be done  with a short execution time and a relatively small error rate.

Conclusion: CNN is an efficient tool at supervised multilabel classification problems
Trends, Characteristics, and Success Rates of Treatment for Severe Early Childhood Caries Under General Anesthesia: A Retrospective Study in Northwest China
Authors: Liu Fei , Yang Keyu , Wang Panxi , Wu Tiantian , Li Jinyi , Guo Qingyu
Published: September 2021

Background/Objective: To retrospectively analyze the characteristics, tendencies, and success rates of dental treatments for severe early childhood caries (SECC) under general anesthesia (GA) in in northwest China. Study design: Children diagnosed with SECC were included in this retrospective study. From January 2015 to December 2018, they received dental treatment under GA at Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University. Demographic information, caries status and treatment characteristics were collected from electronic medical record system. Success rates of different treatments at 6-month and 12-month follow up were also analyzed. Results: A total of 846 children (477 male, 369 female) received dental treatment under GA. The case number was increased from 148 in 2015 to 278 in 2018. There were 81.2% and 70.8% of the children participated the 6-month and 12-month follow up. SSC and pulpotomy was the most successful restorations and pulp therapy, with the success rate of 97.09% and 93.98% in 12-month follow up, respectively. The use of crown restorations (including composite resin crown and stainless steel crown) and pulp reservation therapies (including indirect pulp therapy and pulpotomy) were significantly increased while composite resin filling and pulpectomy decreased during 2015 to 2018. Conclusion: There has been an increasing demand for dental treatment under GA for children with SECC in northwest China, with a trend toward younger ages. With better clinical outcomes, crown restorations and pulp reservation therapies were the fastest-growing treatments under GA.