bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Teaching Spatial Planning Using Elements of Design Thinking as an Example of Heuristic in Urban Planning
Authors: Blazy Rafał , Łysień Mariusz
Published: April 2021

In modern urban analysis, line–nodal connections are often used as a model, diagram or matrix for describing space and its accompanying phenomena. In practice, the search for relationships in space is often nothing but the designation of lines reflecting their physical and nonphysical association by their geometry. Recording the spatial issues of a city constituting a very complex structure on the surface of paper, or on a computer monitor, is an extremely difficult conceptual task. At the heart of Design Thinking is a deep understanding of the relationship between different elements. It can therefore be concluded that heuristics are the basis for understanding the Design Thinking method. An attempt was made to check whether the Design Thinking method can restore the optimal balance between modern tools used to develop course projects, and the need to search for the best solution constituting the idea of the project. The article presents the results of two-year research on the use of the Design Thinking method in academic teaching of subjects related to the subject of spatial planning. Thanks to the use of the Design Thinking method in teaching spatial planning, it is often possible to discover design possibilities and proposals that surprise students.
Water Conflicts: From Ancient to Modern Times and in the Future
Authors: Angelakis Andreas N. , Valipour Mohammad , Ahmed Abdelkader T. , Tzanakakis Vasileios , Paranychianakis Nikolaos V. , Krasilnikoff Jens , Drusiani Renato , Mays Larry , El Gohary Fatma , Koutsoyiannis Demetris , Khan Saifullah , Giacco Luigi Joseph Del
Published: April 2021

Since prehistoric times, water conflicts have occurred as a result of a wide range of tensions and/or violence, which have rarely taken the form of traditional warfare waged over water resources alone. Instead, water has historically been a (re)source of tension and a factor in conflicts that start for other reasons. In some cases, water was used directly as a weapon through its ability to cause damage through deprivation or erosion or water resources of enemy populations and their armies. However, water conflicts, both past and present, arise for several reasons; including territorial disputes, fight for resources, and strategic advantage. The main reasons of water conflicts are usually delimitation of boundaries, waterlogging (e.g., dams and lakes), diversion of rivers flow, running water, food, and political distresses. In recent decades, the number of human casualties caused by water conflicts is more than that of natural disasters, indicating the importance of emerging trends on water wars in the world. This paper presents arguments, fights, discourses, and conflicts around water from ancient times to the present. This diachronic survey attempts to provide water governance alternatives for the current and future.
Multicriteria Ranking for the Efficient and Effective Assessment of Police Departments
Authors: Nepomuceno Thyago C. C. , Daraio Cinzia , Costa Ana Paula C. S.
Published: April 2021

The nonparametric assessment of police efficiency and effectiveness is challenging due to the stochastic nature of criminal behavior and the subjective dependence on multiple decision criteria, leading to different prospects depending on the regulation, necessity, or organizational objective. There is a trade-off between sustainable efficiency and effectiveness in many police performance assessments, because many departments can be crime-specialized or cannot reproduce good results effectively on more severe or complex occurrences. This study aims to provide a non-compensatory ranking classification combining Conditional Frontier Analysis with the PROMETHEE II methodology for the multidimensional efficiency and effectiveness analysis of police. The results on Pernambuco (Brazil) Police departments offer interesting perspectives for public administrations concerning prioritizations of units based on the mitigation of resources and strategic objectives.
Population Density or Populations Size. Which Factor Determines Urban Traffic Congestion?
Authors: Chang Yu Sang , Jo Sung Jun , Lee Yoo-Taek , Lee Yoonji
Published: April 2021

A large number of articles have documented that as population density of cities increases, car use declines and public transit use rises. These articles had a significant impact of promoting high-density compact urban development to mitigate traffic congestion. Another approach followed by other researchers used the urban scaling model to indicate that traffic congestion increases as population size of cities increases, thus generating a possible contradictory result. Therefore, this study examines the role of both density and population size on traffic congestion in 164 global cities by the use of Stochastic Impacts by Regression on Population, Affluence and Technology model. We divide 164 cities into the two subgroups of 66 low density cities and 98 high density cities for analysis. The findings from the subgroups analysis indicated a clear-cut difference on the critical role of density in low-density cities and the exclusive role of population size in high-density cities. Furthermore, using threshold regression model, 164 cities are divided into the two regions of large and small population cities to determine population scale advantage of traffic congestion. Our findings highlight the importance of including analysis of subgroups based on density and/or population size in future studies of traffic congestion.
Sustainable Recycling of High-Strength Concrete as an Alternative to Natural Aggregates in Building Structures
Authors: Sadowska-Buraczewska Barbara , Grzegorczyk-Frańczak Małgorzata
Published: April 2021

The application of recycled coarse aggregates (RCA) in high-performance concrete (HPC) was analyzed in the article. In the paper, the behavior of HPC with coarse recycled aggregate and natural coarse aggregate (NCA) was compared. Short-term experiments were conducted, including concrete deformation, deflection, load bearing capacity, and cracking of beams. The analysis involved reinforced concrete T-beams made in 100% of RCA or NCA. The studies indicated that the beams with recycled aggregate are characterized by greater deflection and 7.6% lower load bearing capacity in comparison to the beams with NCA. Substitution of coarse natural aggregate with RCA reduced the compressive and tensile strengths by 20 and 26 (%), whereas and the modulus of elasticity was decreased by 15%.
Comparison of Microbially Induced Healing Solutions for Crack Repairs of Cement-Based Infrastructure
Authors: van der Bergh John Milan , Miljević Bojan , Vučetić Snežana , Šovljanski Olja , Markov Siniša , Riley Mike , Ranogajec Jonjaua , Bras Ana
Published: April 2021

Reinforced concrete crack repair and maintenance costs are around 84% to 125% higher than construction costs, which emphasises the need to increase the infrastructure service life. Prolongation of the designed service life of concrete structures can have significant economic and ecological benefits by minimising the maintenance actions and related increase of carbon and energy expenditure, making it more sustainable. Different mechanisms such as diffusion, permeation and capillary action are responsible for the transport of fluids inside the concrete, which can impact on the structure service life. This paper presents data on microbially induced repair and self-healing solutions for cementitious materials available in the contemporary literature and compares results of compressive strength test and capillary water absorption test, which are relevant to their sealing and mechanical characteristics. The results of the repair and self-healing solutions (relative to unassisted recovery processes) were “normalized.” Externally applied bacteria-based solutions can improve the compressive strength of cementitious materials from 13% to 27%. The internal solution based solely on bacterial suspension had 19% improvement efficacy. Results also show that “hybrid” solutions, based on both bio-based and non-bio-based components, whether externally or internally applied, have the potential for best repair results, synergistically combining their benefits.
The Fluctuating Asymmetry of the Butterfly Wing Pattern Does Not Change along an Industrial Pollution Gradient
Authors: Zverev Vitali , Kozlov Mikhail V.
Published: April 2021

The rapid and selective responses to changes in habitat structure and climate have made butterflies valuable environmental indicators. In this study, we asked whether the decline in butterfly populations near the copper-nickel smelter in Monchegorsk in northwestern Russia is accompanied by phenotypic stress responses to toxic pollutants, expressed as a decrease in body size and an increase in fluctuating asymmetry. We measured the concentrations of nickel and copper, forewing length, and fluctuating asymmetry in two elements of wing patterns in Boloria euphrosyne, Plebejus idas, and Agriades optilete collected 1–65 km from Monchegorsk. Body metal concentrations increased toward the smelter, confirming the local origin of the collected butterflies. The wings of butterflies from the most polluted sites were 5–8% shorter than those in unpolluted localities, suggesting adverse effects of pollution on butterfly fitness due to larval feeding on contaminated plants. However, fluctuating asymmetry averaged across two hindwing spots did not change systematically with pollution, thereby questioning the use of fluctuating asymmetry as an indicator of habitat quality in butterfly conservation projects.
Rockburst Hazard Prediction in Underground Projects Using Two Intelligent Classification Techniques: A Comparative Study
Authors: Ahmad Mahmood , Hu Ji-Lei , Hadzima-Nyarko Marijana , Ahmad Feezan , Tang Xiao-Wei , Rahman Zia Ur , Nawaz Ahsan , Abrar Muhammad
Published: April 2021

Rockburst is a complex phenomenon of dynamic instability in the underground excavation of rock. Owing to the complex and unclear rockburst mechanism, it is difficult to accurately predict and reasonably assess the rockburst potential. With the increasing availability of case histories from rock engineering and the advancement of data science, the data mining algorithms provide a good way to predict complex phenomena, like rockburst potential. This paper investigates the potential of J48 and random tree algorithms to predict the rockburst classification ranks using 165 cases, with four parameters, namely maximum tangential stress of surrounding rock, uniaxial compressive strength, uniaxial tensile strength, and strain energy storage index. A comparison of developed models’ performances reveals that the random tree gives more reliable predictions than J48 and other empirical models (Russenes criterion, rock brittleness coefficient criterion, and artificial neural networks). Similar comparisons with convolutional neural network resulted at par performance in modeling the rockburst hazard data.
Evaluation of Development Level and Technical Contribution of Recent Technologies Adopted to Meet the Challenges of 5G Wireless Cellular Networks
Authors: Albadran Saleh
Published: April 2021

The evolution of the global wireless market is accompanied by an increased need in terms of speed and number of users, lower latency, better coverage, better spectral efficiency and quality of service, etc. To meet these needs, 5G has recently been introduced as an effective solution which targets, via the large scale deployment of symmetric antennas, a wide variety of sectors such as energy, health, media, industry, transport and especially wireless cellular networks which are among the most important pillars of modern societies. Multiple Input, Multiple Output (MIMO) systems, which have been extended to “Massive MIMO” mode and which consist of increasing the number of radiating elements involved in the transmission and reception of the radio link, are a very promising solution for improving the spectral efficiency of wireless communication systems (WCSs). Motivated by the aforementioned developments, the present paper investigates the increased capacity of MIMO systems to improve transmission in WCSs using 5G. It carefully focuses on the evaluation of the development level and technical contribution of MIMO systems and millimeter wave (mmWave) bands in 5G wireless cellular networks (WCNs) and gives important recommendations.
Noether Invariants for Nonholonomic Systems
Authors: Popescu Marcela , Popescu Paul
Published: April 2021

The aim of this paper is to construct Noether invariants for Lagrangian non-holonomic dynamics with affine or nonlinear constraints, considered to be adapted to a foliation on the base manifold. A set of illustrative examples is given, including linear and nonlinear Appell mechanical systems.
Game Edukasi Pengenalan dan Pembelajaran Berhitung untuk Siswa Kelas 1 Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Rivaldi Muhammad Fikri , Kurniawan Yogiek Indra
Published: April 2021

Mathematics, especially arithmetic theory, is a difficult subject for most students. Apart from the theory that is difficult to understand, students also have shortcomings in the interest in learning materials and limitations in learning media to teach arithmetic theory in mathematics. The purpose of this research is to produce an educational game as an alternative to studying arithmetic material in mathematics. The target users of this educational game are grade 1 elementary school students. This game has several features, such as displaying material in the form of images and videos in the form of learning to count from numbers 1 to 10, and counting games with drag and drop. The method used to develop this application starts from design and planning, then continues with the material collection, implementation, testing and evaluation, and application maintenance. Based on black box testing, the results show that the educational game has been made as expected, while based on the User Acceptance Test, the results of user perceptions of the game are 94.25% with an indicator of the "Very Good" category which indicates that this educational game can be used as alternative in learning arithmetic theory in mathematics.
Smart materials and Green Synthesis: The perfect match for the future
Authors: Pizzorno Backx Bianca
Published: April 2021

Materials science seeks the development of new materials with optimized characteristics. The union of various areas as chemistry, physics, nanotechnology, biology, and medicine catalyzes news materials. Smart materials react to external stimuli by modifying their chemical, mechanical, magnetic, optical, electrical, thermal properties. They have superior efficiency to the materials currently available and promise many advantages to their consumers. However, smart materials must be associated with sustainable technological progress. As a result of highly evolved technologies and intense laboratory research, their final characteristics must be connected with sustainable protocols. In addition to a significant difference associated with a wide application in various areas as textile industry, construction, medicine, drugs delivery, microorganisms’ detection, smart materials must not pollute from production to disposal, and more than that, they must seek compensation for the harmful effects of this evolution on nature. In this way, smart materials will be an excellent advantage for the future and the environment.
Effect of Hot Rolling on the Intrinsic Properties of Aluminium-Titanium Bonded by PTFE/ C -Cyanoacrylate
Authors: A. Rabah Mahmoud
Published: April 2021

The concern of this study shows the effect of hot rolling on the properties of a composite sheet prepared from aluminium bonded to titanium metals sandwiching PTFE (Du Pont)/graphite emulsion in perfluoro kerosene. The metals were soaked in hot oxygenated water and dried at 80 °C for 5 - 10 minutes to create a thin film of oxide. The metals were bonded with cyanoacrylate blended to the polymer emulsion that applied to the oxidized surface of the clean metals. Two coated surfaces sandwich the polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)/graphite emulsion followed by ‎hot-rolling. The rolling process was matched at 500- 560 °C (≈ 150 °C, over the melting point of the PTFE) under a pressure of 150-200 KPa. The obtained composite sheet was annealed at 550 °C to remove any residual stresses. Results revealed that upon cooling, the mix microphase would separate with the OH radicals on the metal surface and the CF displaced away. The temperature and time of cyanoacrylate application enhanced the extent of adhesion to create a homogeneous composite metal sheet. The effect of the hot rolling conditions was ascribed to the PTFE underactivity and incompatibility. Rolling imparts squeezing of the metals and changes the intrinsic properties. Linear thermal expansion coefficient of the composite sheet confirms partial diffusion of the soft metal in the harder one across the adhesive. The applied technique deforms the PTFE particles without inhibiting the adhesion strength of the cyanoacrylate. The prepared sheet has physical properties that would be suitable for bailiwick and structural ‎application.
Afyon ve Kütahya Volkanitlerinin Betonda Mineral Katkı Olarak Kullanımı
Authors: KARAKURT Cenk , KİBİCİ Yaşar , TOPRAK Mehmet Uğur , ATEŞ Oğuzhan
Published: April 2021

Artan nüfusun tetiklediği sanayi ve barınma ihtiyaçlarının temelini oluşturan inşaat sektörü yoğun malzeme tüketiminin olduğu bir pazardır. İnşaat sektöründe yaygın şekilde kullanılan beton farklı malzemelerin bir araya gelmesiyle elde edilen kompozit bir yapı malzemesidir. Betonun temel ve en pahalı bileşeni olan çimento tüketiminin beton tasarımında azaltılması hem ekonomik hem de çevresel kazanımlar sağlamaktadır. Bu çalışmada Afyon ve Kütahya yöresinde bol miktarda bulunan volkanitlerin (tüf, pomza) ile dolomitik kireçtaşlarının alterasyonundan oluşan Terra Rosaların beton üretiminde doğal katkı malzemesi olarak kullanılabilirliği araştırılmıştır. Beton karışımında çimento yerine %10, %20 ve %30 oranlarında kullanılan bu malzemelerin işlenebilirlik ve dayanım performansı referans karışım ile karşılaştırılarak değerlendirilmiştir. Pomza kullanılan betonlarda işlenebilirlik %15 azalmış Tüf kullanılan betonlarda Basınç dayanımları %40’a kadar düşmüştür. Elde edilen sonuçlardan özellikle ileri yaşlarda dayanım performansının olumlu yönde etkilendiği görülmüştür.
O inferno das memórias: narrativas orais de idosos católicos do Cariri/CE
Authors: Santos Joaquim dos
Published: April 2021

Quando esteve em Sobral, em visita à Universidade Estadual Vale do Acaraú – UVA, Alessandro Portelli talvez não imaginasse que estaria plantando uma importante semente entre os estudantes da região. Essa semente germinou e, anos depois, temos inúmeras iniciativas e trabalhos de grande qualidade inspirados na obra do mestre italiano. Alguns deles, pensados e desenvolvidos no âmbito do Grupo de Estudos de História Oral, liderado pela professora Telma Bessa Sales, que por meio das professoras Yara Khoury e Heloísa Cruz, da PUC-SP, conheceu Portelli e, a partir de então, sempre o tem presente eu seus estudos, como neste livro, prefaciado por ele. Este livro é mais do que um apanhado de excelentes trabalhos de pesquisa em história oral, mas uma homenagem àquele que, gentilmente, compartilhou um pouco de seu conhecimento com uma geração ávida por produzir conhecimento sobre sua gente, sua terra, ou seja, sobre suas próprias histórias. A metodologia de Portelli ajudou a semear essas histórias e está presente em cada página a seguir, cujo fruto mais importante é o potencial de seguir inspirando mais e mais pesquisadores a ouvir, contar e registrar para a História nuances que, sem essa atitude, passariam despercebidas e normalmente cairiam no esquecimento.
Não há piores ou melhores: a violência, o preconceito e o medo entre vizinhos de uma mesma cidade
Authors: Freitas Antonio Jerfson Lins de
Published: April 2021

Quando esteve em Sobral, em visita à Universidade Estadual Vale do Acaraú – UVA, Alessandro Portelli talvez não imaginasse que estaria plantando uma importante semente entre os estudantes da região. Essa semente germinou e, anos depois, temos inúmeras iniciativas e trabalhos de grande qualidade inspirados na obra do mestre italiano. Alguns deles, pensados e desenvolvidos no âmbito do Grupo de Estudos de História Oral, liderado pela professora Telma Bessa Sales, que por meio das professoras Yara Khoury e Heloísa Cruz, da PUC-SP, conheceu Portelli e, a partir de então, sempre o tem presente eu seus estudos, como neste livro, prefaciado por ele. Este livro é mais do que um apanhado de excelentes trabalhos de pesquisa em história oral, mas uma homenagem àquele que, gentilmente, compartilhou um pouco de seu conhecimento com uma geração ávida por produzir conhecimento sobre sua gente, sua terra, ou seja, sobre suas próprias histórias. A metodologia de Portelli ajudou a semear essas histórias e está presente em cada página a seguir, cujo fruto mais importante é o potencial de seguir inspirando mais e mais pesquisadores a ouvir, contar e registrar para a História nuances que, sem essa atitude, passariam despercebidas e normalmente cairiam no esquecimento.
Um pedaço das memórias das oficinas de sapataria de Sobral-CE
Authors: Mesquita Fannuel Santos
Published: April 2021

Quando esteve em Sobral, em visita à Universidade Estadual Vale do Acaraú – UVA, Alessandro Portelli talvez não imaginasse que estaria plantando uma importante semente entre os estudantes da região. Essa semente germinou e, anos depois, temos inúmeras iniciativas e trabalhos de grande qualidade inspirados na obra do mestre italiano. Alguns deles, pensados e desenvolvidos no âmbito do Grupo de Estudos de História Oral, liderado pela professora Telma Bessa Sales, que por meio das professoras Yara Khoury e Heloísa Cruz, da PUC-SP, conheceu Portelli e, a partir de então, sempre o tem presente eu seus estudos, como neste livro, prefaciado por ele. Este livro é mais do que um apanhado de excelentes trabalhos de pesquisa em história oral, mas uma homenagem àquele que, gentilmente, compartilhou um pouco de seu conhecimento com uma geração ávida por produzir conhecimento sobre sua gente, sua terra, ou seja, sobre suas próprias histórias. A metodologia de Portelli ajudou a semear essas histórias e está presente em cada página a seguir, cujo fruto mais importante é o potencial de seguir inspirando mais e mais pesquisadores a ouvir, contar e registrar para a História nuances que, sem essa atitude, passariam despercebidas e normalmente cairiam no esquecimento.
História Oral e narrativas
Authors: Araújo Cosma Silva de
Published: April 2021

Quando esteve em Sobral, em visita à Universidade Estadual Vale do Acaraú – UVA, Alessandro Portelli talvez não imaginasse que estaria plantando uma importante semente entre os estudantes da região. Essa semente germinou e, anos depois, temos inúmeras iniciativas e trabalhos de grande qualidade inspirados na obra do mestre italiano. Alguns deles, pensados e desenvolvidos no âmbito do Grupo de Estudos de História Oral, liderado pela professora Telma Bessa Sales, que por meio das professoras Yara Khoury e Heloísa Cruz, da PUC-SP, conheceu Portelli e, a partir de então, sempre o tem presente eu seus estudos, como neste livro, prefaciado por ele. Este livro é mais do que um apanhado de excelentes trabalhos de pesquisa em história oral, mas uma homenagem àquele que, gentilmente, compartilhou um pouco de seu conhecimento com uma geração ávida por produzir conhecimento sobre sua gente, sua terra, ou seja, sobre suas próprias histórias. A metodologia de Portelli ajudou a semear essas histórias e está presente em cada página a seguir, cujo fruto mais importante é o potencial de seguir inspirando mais e mais pesquisadores a ouvir, contar e registrar para a História nuances que, sem essa atitude, passariam despercebidas e normalmente cairiam no esquecimento.
Arqueología histórica de una urbe colonial, Popayán, Colombia.
Authors: Hernández Martha C. , Patiño Castaño Diógenes
Published: April 2021

Este artículo se refiere a los trabajos en arqueología histórica llevados a cabo en la urbe colonial de Popayán, ciudad que tuvo enorme importancia en la historia de Colombia. Su transformación y expansión ha expuesto las materialidades culturales del pasado, que, interpretadas, nos hablan de sus gentes y dinámicas socioculturales en esta región desde la Colonia.
Human Capital Accumulation and Disasters: Evidence from the Pakistan Earthquake of 2005
Authors: Andrabi Tahir , Daniels Benjamin , Das Jishnu
Published: April 2021

We trace the effects of a devastating earthquake that occurred in Northern Pakistan in 2005. Using a new dataset from a survey conducted four years after the earthquake, we first show that the distance of the household from the fault line was not correlated with pre-existing household characteristics, while it was strongly predictive of earthquake-related damage and mortality. Through emergency relief aid, households living close to the fault line reported receiving substantial cash compensation that amounted to as much as 150% of their annual household consumption expenditure. Four years after the earthquake, there were no differences in public infrastructure, household or adult outcomes between areas close to and far from the fault line. However, children in their critical first thousand days at the time of the earthquake accumulated large height deficits, with the youngest the most affected. Children aged 3 through 15 at the time of the earthquake did not suffer growth shortfalls, but scored significantly worse on academic tests if they lived close to the fault line. Finally, children whose mothers completed primary education were fully protected against the emergence of a test score gap. We estimate that if these deficits continue to adult life, the affected children could stand to lose 15% of their lifetime earnings. Even when disasters are heavily compensated, human capital accumulation can be critically interrupted, with greater losses for already disadvantaged populations.
Improved design of the head of a blowing production well
Authors: Опрышко Б.А. , Швецов В.А. , Шагинян А.Э. , Белавина О.А.
Published: April 2021

Камчатский государственный технический университет
683003, Россия, г. Петропавловск-Камчатский, Ключевская ул., 35, тел.: +7 (4152) 30-08-77, e-mail: oni@kamchatgtu.ru
Предложена усовершенствованная конструкция оголовка для эксплуатационной самоизливающейся скважины водозаборов питьевых подземных вод. Оголовок относится к области технических средств, предназначенных для непрерывного контроля режима работы и гидрогеологического мониторинга водозаборов. Оголовок используется на скважинах, расположенных на неохраняемых территориях. Установка оголовка позволяет автоматизировать контроль работы скважин и мониторинг подземных питьевых вод, при этом повышается точность измерений контрольных параметров подземных вод.

An improved design of the head for a blowing production well for drinking underground water intakes is proposed. A well head is assigned to the technical means for continuous monitoring of the operating mode and hydrogeological monitoring of water intakes. The head is used in wells located in unguarded areas. The installation of the head provides for the automated control of wells and monitoring of underground drinking water, while increasing the accuracy of measurements of the control parameters of underground waters.
Evaluation of the effectiveness of mechanisms for eliminating flooding of urbanized areas with surface runoff
Authors: Волков С.Н. , Житенев А.И. , Рублевская О.Н. , Курганов Ю.А. , Костенко И.Г. , Игнатчик В.С. , Игнатчик С.Ю. , Кузнецова Н.В. , Сенюкович М.А.
Published: April 2021

Подтопления урбанизированных территорий, когда вода в периоды ливневых дождей поднимается на поверхность, затапливая улицы и подвалы, наблюдаются достаточно часто. Происходят они по разным причинам или их совокупности. Перечень мероприятий для сокращения количества таких подтоплений в мировой практике отработан. К ним можно отнести мероприятия, направленные на уменьшение коэффициента стока водосборных площадей, а также на увеличение свободных регулирующих объемов сетей и коллекторов и т. п. Однако оценка их эффективности в Российской Федерации затруднена в связи с тем, что нормативный метод гидравлического расчета предусматривает учет значений периодов однократного превышения расчетных интенсивностей дождей p, который указывает, с какой периодичностью переполняются сети. Но этот метод не отвечает на вопрос, с какой периодичностью pp происходят затопления территорий в результате выхода воды на поверхность. На примере Санкт-Петербурга приведен расчетный метод для определения среднегодового числа затоплений, а также результаты оценки эффективности мероприятий, направленных на их сокращение.

Flooding of urbanized areas happens quite often, while, during periods of heavy rains, water rises to the surface flooding streets and basements. Flooding occurs for different reasons or due to their combination. The list of measures to reduce the flooding rate has been worked out in the world practice. These include measures aimed at reducing the runoff coefficient of drainage areas, as well as increasing the spare regulating capacities of the networks and sewers, etc. However, evaluating their effectiveness in the Russian Federation is complicated by the fact that the standard method of hydraulic calculation provides for taking into account the values ​​of the periods of one-time excess of the calculated rainfall rates p that indicates the overflow rate in the networks. However, this method does not determine the rate pp of area flooding that results from the water spills. Through the example of St. Petersburg, a calculation method is presented for determining the average annual number of floods, as well as the results of evaluating the effectiveness of measures aimed at reducing them.
Municipal Government in 1917: against the Provisional Government and the Bolsheviks (Based on Materials of Yaroslavl and Kostroma Governorates)
Authors: Krasovskaya Yuliya , Khristenko Dmitriy
Published: April 2021

The article discusses activities of municipal government in the inter-revolutionary period andtheir relationship with the Provisional Government and the Bolshevik’s Soviets on the example of Yaroslavl and Kostroma Gover-norates. As a result of democratic elections in the city councils, the majority in-cluded representatives of moderate socialist parties such as the Mensheviks and the Socialist Revolutionaries. Based on the analysis of archival sources, the au-thors investigate the ways and methods of the urban socialist self-government’s activities in the context of a comprehensive crisis. In both governorates, munici-palities were unable to solve any of the pressing problems vital to the population like food shortages, public order, and the functioning of the urban economy. Their main concern was the political struggle and confrontation between repre-sentatives of various factions on issues far from the area of their direct respon-sibility. By their activity, and in other cases by inaction, they firstly acted actu-ally against the Provisional Government, and then against the Soviets. The inability to justify hopes in resolving key problems caused the loss of credibility in the eyes of the citizens and the Soviet government. As a result, the city coun-cils became unnecessary to both of them.
«Sentenced to Belarusization»: Smolensk Belarusians in the 1920s (to the Question of Their Number)
Authors: Kobets Olga
Published: April 2021

In 1921, based on decisions of the 10th Congress of the RCP(b), the country would begin to implement a national policy that received the common name –korenization (nativization). In Belarus and in the Russian regions bor-dering the republic, it would be called belarusization. The active phase of this policy would continue until the end of the 1920s. For residents of the BSSR, it would mean the development of Belarusian culture (schools, universities in the Belarusian language, Belarusian literature, the publication of Belarusian books, etc.), the nomination of Belarusians for the party, Soviet, professional and pub-lic work, the transfer of party and stateapparatus and parts of the Red Army to the Belarusian language.During the first half of the 1920s, the young Belarusian republic would significantly grow in the former territories of Russia. As a result of these trans-formations, a large number of border territories appeared between the RSFSR and the BSSR, where, at different periods, the population included both Russian and Belarusian. It is Russian-Belarusian and Belarusian-Russian society that would have difficulties in adaptation to the official Belarusian state policy initi-ated by Moscow and declared by Minsk. Due to its historical development, Smolensk Governorate was just one of those Russian territories that, like the Belarusian border counties, were «sen-tenced» to the policy of belarusization throughout the 1920s.Not all of the Belarusian population of the governorate enthusiastically joined in the implementation of this policy. However, before talking about whether it was necessary and needed for the Belarusians living in Smolensk Governorate, oneshould first decide on the question, what was the size of this Belarusian «interlayer» of the population lived in the Smolensk region, and how many Smolensk Belarusians should be affected by belarusization.
Four Poems by A.V. Koltsov on A.S. Pushkin’s Death
Authors: Kretov Alexey , Churikov Sergey
Published: April 2021

The article substantiates the need to supplement the canonical corpus of A.V. Koltsov’s poems with three poetic works, which are contained in the poet’s letterto A.A. Krayevsky, a publisher, and dedicated to the death of A.S. Pushkin. One of these works is presented in the specified epistolary text in a standard verse form, while the other two have a prose design. The authors propose a re-construction of these two poems based on the principle of minimal interference in the content with graphic ordering of the form. The article shows that A.V. Koltsov’s poems reconstructed and restored in their rights are connected with other works not only within the poet’s artistic world, but also within Russian literature with individual images, catchwords, and motives.
Carnival Poetics of B. Vasilyev’s Story «Tomorrow Was the War»
Authors: Kovaleva Valentina , Pokhalenkov Oleg
Published: April 2021

The article deals with such categories of carnivalization as a free familiar contact, eccentricity, profanation, carnival ambivalence, crowning, and debunking the carnival king. Taking these categories to the analysis of B. Vasilyev’s story «Tomorrow Was the War» into consideration allows not only to reveal the features of the carnival poetics of the work, but also to understand more deeply the atmos-phere of total Stalinist terror reigned in the country on the eve of the war. Turning to the theory of carnivalization helps to draw a conclusion about how heavy was the atmosphere of suspicion, informers, and unjustified repression created by the NKVD with the support ofthe state machine. B. Vasi-lyev makes the reader wonder whether the new world order that is being estab-lished can be considered better than the old one that has been swept away by the revolution. Thus, the main goal of the carnival is realized in the story–to turn inside out the usual ideas about the world as a reasonable hierarchical system, to turn the usual order of things upside down, to ridicule everything familiar and frozen, so that through denial, ridicule (symbolic death) to promote the re-vival and renewal of the world.
Ocio y bienestar en clave intergeneracional
Authors:   Universidad de La Rioja, Sáenz de Jubera Ocón Magdalena , Sanz Arazuri Eva ,   Universidad de La Rioja, Valdemoros San Emeterio M.ª Ángeles ,   Universidad de La Rioja, Ponce de León Elizondo Ana ,   Universidad de La Rioja, Alonso Ruiz Rosa Ana ,   Universidad de La Rioja
Published: April 2021

El siglo XXI se acompaña de nuevas realidades que han transformado el ocio intergeneracional. Los mayores contribuyen al estado de bienestar con el cuidado de los nietos y nietas, lo que implica una importante inversión de tiempo, conocimientos y afectos, que no siempre se reconoce y valora como merece. De ahí la importancia de examinar el ocio intergeneracional, atendiendo a los roles de los abuelos y abuelas, tanto reales como deseados.
Protecting Source Location Privacy in IoT Enabled Wireless Sensor Networks: the Case of Multiple Assets
Authors: Raja Manjula , Koduru Tejodbhav , Datta Raja
Published: April 2021

Till date source location privacy preserving techniques have aimed at fake backed or fake source approaches. Also, the work is concentrated to a single source scenarios. In this work, aim to explore the random-walk approach to mitigate passive eavesdropping attacker who backtracks to the source of information. Random-walk based solutions have proven to be effective for energy constrained WSNs. However, there is very little work that has worked for the case of multiple asset (sources) scenario till date. To understand the effect of the random-walk based solutions on level of location privacy in WSN intended IoT systems, for the multiple asset scenario, we developed two solutions. Through simulations we show the performance of the proposed two solutions by comparing them with existing random-walk based solutions. Our findings suggest that mere presence of multiple sources in the network alone does not provide location privacy, as one is intended to expect. It rather, need careful planning and designing of routing protocols to provide better privacy in presence of multiple-assets.
The work also presents future research direction for prospective researcher.
Validation of the odometric model for the purpose of the numerical analysis
Authors: Ollivier Edern
Published: April 2021

Validation of the odometric model.
Tra altari e barricate
Authors: De Santis Jacopo
Published: April 2021

The Roman Republic of 1849 is one of the most exciting moment of the heroic season of the Italian Risorgimento, a short adventure in which the contemporaries recognized the opportunity to realize ideals of freedom, tolerance and democracy. This research aims to analyses the role played by religion in the political and social experiment that started in Rome after the pope’s escape, when it was necessary to redefine relations between civil and religious authorities, as well as the role of religion itself in society: a task not at all easy if applied to a State reality, where political and religious powers had been superimposed for centuries, but that will set an inescapable precedent for the subsequent attempts to build a secular State.
МЕТОДИКА ВИКЛАДАННЯ ЦИФРОВОГО ПІДПРИЄМНИЦТВА В СИСТЕМІ ЕКОНОМІЧНОГО НАВЧАННЯ В ІННОВАЦІЙНОМУ УНІВЕРСИТЕТІ
Authors: Краус Н.М. , Краус К.М. , Штепа О.В.
Published: April 2021

У статті обґрунтовано авторське представлення змісту методики викладання цифрового підприємництва в системі економічного навчання вищої школи, що формує репродуктивний та продуктивний типи мислення здобувача освіти, які проходять через інформаційний та проблемний типи навчання. Дослідженням визначено, що загальнодидактичними методами навчання цифровому підприємництву є пояснювально-ілюстративний та репродуктивний, а також частково-пошуковий, дослідницький. Визначено сутнісні характеристики навчання цифровому підприємництву, серед них – цифрове, економічне мислення, перспективні ідеї й ініціативи, менеджерська здатність, інноваційність, дидактичне мислення, здатність до креативності, активність. Авторами розроблено та візуально представлено потенційну інноваційну екосистему цифрового підприємництва як деяке інноваційно-цифрове середовище з аспектами функціонування в рамках нової віртуальної реальності. Запропоновано авторське бачення змісту викладання курсу цифрового підприємництва в розрізі модулів: формування цифрового мислення та поведінки як мети цифрової освіти з підприємництва; вивчення методики проведення форм навчання занять із цифрового підприємництва; психологічна і педагогічна унікальність кожного викладача із цифрового підприємництва, що реалізується через саморозвиток та самоосвіту.
ФІСКАЛЬНА СПРОМОЖНІСТЬ НЕПРЯМИХ ПОДАТКІВ В УМОВАХ ТІНЬОВОЇ ЕКОНОМІКИ
Authors: Чижова Т.В.
Published: April 2021

Зростання тіньової економіки останнім часом спонукає уряди всіх країн шукати ефективні інструменти боротьби із цим явищем. Точне визначення тіньової економіки дати досить складно, тому що тіньова економіка постійно розвивається, пристосовуючись до тих змін, які відбувається як в економіці, так і в суспільстві. Тінізація економіки значною мірою впливає на економічні процеси, як наслідок, держава втрачає надмірну кількість грошових ресурсів, які не надходять до державного бюджету у вигляді податкових надходжень. Саме непрямі податки в умовах зростаючої тіньової економіки виступають інструментом злочинних схем. Оскільки ухилення від сплати податків сьогодні є найбільшим компонентом дефіциту ПДВ, необхідно визначити, якою мірою можна збільшити надходження від ПДВ за рахунок забезпечення більш ефективного збору податків у середньостроковій і довгостроковій перспективі за інших рівних умов.
ІНСТИТУЦІЙНІ ЗАСАДИ ЕКОНОМІЧНОГО РОЗВИТКУ РЕГІОНІВ УКРАЇНИ У СВІТЛІ ФОРМУВАННЯ ІННОВАЦІЙНИХ СИСТЕМ
Authors: Зварич І.Т. , Зварич О.І.
Published: April 2021

У статті висвітлюється використання відповідних інституційних засад економічного розвитку вітчизняних регіонів у світлі формування інноваційних систем. При цьому встановлено, що на його рівень впливає насамперед історично сформована інституційна основа економічної системи держави. Водночас виходячи з інституційних принципів формування економічного розвитку регіону можна говорити про створення різних типів систем інновацій. У широкому трактуванні концепція інноваційних систем поєднує у собі всі елементи й аспекти економічної структури та інституційного укладу, яким здійснюється істотний влив на процеси навчання, пошуку і використання інновацій в економіці території. Формування регіональної інноваційної політики в Україні значною мірою є процесом, залежним від зовнішніх умов (у тому числі від доступності ресурсів з європейських фондів). Меншою мірою він є результатом низової потреби та переорієнтації регіональної політики на проблеми, пов’язані з інноваційністю економіки. Водночас викликом для неї має стати розповсюдження і ширше використання регіонального прогнозу. Тому регіональний foresight повинен стати загальним та ключовим інструментом стимулювання економічних змін поруч із розширенням моніторингу інноваційних процесів і відкриттям та розповсюдженням доступу до цієї інформації серед широкого кола суб’єктів господарювання, що має стати фундаментом у побудові регіональних систем інновацій. При цьому отримані у результаті цього знання про механізми, функціонуючі у регіональному середовищі, необхідні не лише для розуміння таких процесів, а й мають стати чинниками регіональної інвестиційної політики.
РОЛЬ ТЕХНОЛОГІЧНОЇ СТРУКТУРИ ПЕРЕРОБНОЇ ПРОМИСЛОВОСТІ У ЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННІ ІННОВАЦІЙНОЇ МОДЕЛІ РОЗВИТКУ ЕКОНОМІКИ УКРАЇНИ
Authors: Соколова О.М.
Published: April 2021

У статті обґрунтовано особливу роль переробної промисловості у забезпеченні інноваційної моделі національної економіки. Доведено, що реалізація інноваційної стратегії висуває особливі вимоги до промисловості, її адекватності науково-технічним досягненням постіндустріального суспільства. Визначено, що якісною характеристикою переробної промисловості є її технологічна структура. Здійснено аналіз чотирьох секторів технологічної структури переробної промисловості за рівнем технологічності. Проаналізовано структурні складники чотирьох секторів переробної промисловості за видами економічної діяльності згідно з класифікацією Євростату. Установлено, що причиною відставання технологічного розвитку України є її інституційна неспроможність. Запропоновано створення профільного вищого органу державного управління інноваційним розвитком промисловості.
ФОРМУВАННЯ УЗГОДЖЕНОЇ СИСТЕМИ ПОКАЗНИКІВ ОЦІНЮВАННЯ РОЗВИТКУ ВЕНЧУРНИХ СТРУКТУР
Authors: Терлецька В.О.
Published: April 2021

У статті досліджено поняття «розвиток венчурних структур», проаналізовано показники розвитку венчурних структур на макрорівні та мікрорівні, а також проаналізовано та сформовано підходи до оцінювання розвитку венчурних структур шляхом формування узгодженої системи показників оцінювання розвитку венчурних структур. Визначено, що основними показниками розвитку венчурних структур є показники фінансового стану та результатів діяльності. Запропоновано оцінювати розвиток венчурних структур за окремими одиничними показниками фінансового стану та результатами функціонування венчурних структур або за зведеними показниками, які входять до певної підгрупи чи групи показників, узагальнюючою при цьому є інтегральна оцінка узгодженості розвитку венчурної структури, що сприятиме отриманню адекватної оцінки збалансованості розвитку венчурних структур.
ФІНАНСОВЕ ПЛАНУВАННЯ ТА АНАЛІЗ НА ПІДПРИЄМСТВІ: СУЧАСНІ ГЛОБАЛЬНІ ТРЕНДИ ТА ПЕРСПЕКТИВИ РОЗВИТКУ
Authors: Докієнко Л.М.
Published: April 2021

У статті розглянуто сучасні глобальні тренди фінансового планування та аналізу на підприємстві. Описано відмінності вітчизняної та світової практики побудови процесу фінансового планування на підприємстві. Сформульовано етапи та принципи побудови ефективного процесу фінансового планування та аналізу на підприємстві з урахуванням передового світового досвіду. Основний акцент зроблено на розгляді методичних підходів, що використовуються у сучасній світовій практиці фінансового планування та аналізу, з визначенням їхніх переваг та особливостей застосування. Окреслено подальші перспективи розвитку фінансового планування та аналізу у світі з урахуванням викликів, спричинених пандемією COVID-19. Визначено можливості використання та перспективи впровадження FP&A у вітчизняну практику фінансового менеджменту.
ЗАПАЛЬНА ПРИРОДА АЛЕРГІЇ
Authors: Гарєєв Олексій
Published: April 2021

Вступ. Огляд присвячений оцінці алергічної реакції як одного із захисних механізмів.Наведено аргументи на користь запальної природи алергії, де флогогеном виступає білкова конструкція, яка зберегла частину імуногенних епітопівв процесі деструкції при проникненні через захисні бар’єри слизових і шкіри у внутрішнє середовище макроорганізму. Дано аналіз еволюційного розвитку захисних механізмів, які передбачають єдність запальних та імунних реакцій при впливі на організм людини структур з антигенними властивостями. Філогенія реактивності спрямована на спеціалізацію елементів захисної системи, що виражається в призначенні IgE опосередкованої реакції взаємодіяти з білковими антигенними структурами, які проникли у внутрішнє середовище макроорганізму. Описано механізм резорбції білків через слизові оболонки і шкіру, при цьому підкреслено неминучість деструкції молекул білка. Визначено важливість оцінки ступеня дисоціації, денатурації білків. Підкреслено ключову роль мікробіома в процесі деструкції білків-алергенів, який виступає додатковим химерним органомщодо макроорганізму.Висновок. Робиться висновок, що в організмі здорової людини розщеплення білків зовнішнього середовища проходить до амінокислот, у хворогоалергологічним захворюванням виникає недостатність в деструктивному процесі, що визначає проникнення у внутрішнє середовище пептидних за-лишків. Висловлюється припущення розвитку алергології як самостійної дисципліни від екстрактної через молекулярну, до епітопної. Робиться пропозиція розширити перелік усталених лабораторних тестів додатковими, де маркерами повинні виступати синтетичні пептиди, що повторюють амінокислотні послідовності епітопів білків-алергенів. Визнана найбільш ефективною, алерген-специфічна імунотерапія може бути застосована виключно в паліативних цілях. Залишається відкритим питання виникнення відстрочених ускладнень у хворих, які пройшли курс імунотерапії.