bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Auditory areas are recruited for naturalistic visual meaning in early deaf people
Authors: Zimmermann Maria , Cusack Rhodri , Bedny Marina , Szwed Marcin
Published: May 2023

Early deafness enhances responses of auditory cortices to non-auditory tasks, yet the nature of the reorganization is not well understood. Here, naturalistic stimuli were used to induce neural synchrony across early deaf and hearing individuals. Participants watched a silent animated film in an intact version and three versions with gradually distorted meaning. Differences between groups were observed in higher-order auditory cortices in all stimuli, with no significant effects in the primary auditory cortex. Comparison between levels of scrambling revealed a heterogeneity of function in secondary auditory areas. Both hemispheres showed greater synchrony for the intact movie than for low-level variants. However, the right hemisphere showed an increased inter-subject synchrony for the low-level movie variants, which was not present on the left. An event segmentation validated these results: the dynamics of the right secondary auditory cortex unfolded as shorter length events with more transitions than the left. It also uncovered a further left-right asymmetry: Only left-hemisphere patterns matched the patterns of the hippocampus, a brain region situated at the top of cortical hierarchy. Our results reveal how deaf subjects use their auditory cortex to process visual meaning.
Analysis of pore structure characteristics of coal and permeability sensibility based on CT scanning technology
Authors: wang meijiao , Zhao Tailang , Zou Guangui , She Jiasheng
Published: May 2023

Complex pores and fissures are the main transportable channels of coal reservoir resources and key factors affecting the permeability of coal seams. Owing to different tectonic stresses, the development characteristics of pores and fissures in coal can differ significantly, which also results in differences in reservoir permeability. Therefore, analysing the influence of pore structure characteristics on coal-rock permeability is needed. In this study, four samples from the DaTong Coal Mine in the central and southern Qinshui Basin of Shanxi Province were selected for analysis. Combined computerised tomography (CT) scanning and digital image processing technology revealed the development characteristics, distribution rules, morphology, and structural differences of different coals. Based on the capillary seepage channel model and fractal geometry theory combined with the pore structure parameters obtained by CT scanning, the permeability was predicted. Furthermore, the control mechanism of the pore structure on coal permeability is discussed. The results showed that the coal porosity is positively correlated with pore diameter, pore volume, connectivity factor, and connectivity strength at the micrometer scale. Coal reservoir permeability is controlled by multiple factors, including pore size, pore volume, porosity, connectivity factor, connectivity strength, and fractal dimension, among which pore size has the most significant influence. After the complexity and connectivity of the micropore structure in coal rock were considered, the accuracy and applicability of the pore structure parameters obtained by CT scanning to predict the permeability were verified by comparing with the measured permeability.
Fluorescent image-guided operation using indocyanine green for complex laparoscopic cholecystectomy
Authors: Wu Haojun , Gao Wei , Cai Yulong , Tan Ying , Jin Yanwen , Chen Liping
Published: May 2023

Background Laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) is a common surgical procedure. Intraoperative fluoroscopic visualisation of the extrahepatic bile duct using indocyanine green (ICG) shows great advantage in LC. However, most studies used small sample sizes and rarely included complex cases, such as acute cholecystitis or reoperation. We analysed the feasibility and safety of using ICG in the complex LC of 70 patients.Methods All patients were administered intravenously with 5 mg of ICG and divided into a long-term group and a short-term group according to the time of administration. The general condition, laboratory results, intraoperative fluorescence visualisation and surgical video of the patients were analysed.Results The two groups showed no significant differences in sex, age, body mass index, American society of anesthesiologists (ASA)score and laboratory results. No significant differences in the rates of gallbladder visualisation (P = 0.622), cystic duct visualisation (P = 0.782) and common bile duct visualisation (P = 0.073). The visualisation of the liver was better in the short-term group (P < 0.001), and the gallbladder bed dissection time (P = 0.026) was better in the short-term group than in the long-term group.Conclusions ICG-assisted complex LC can visualise the bile duct better than the cystic duct. It still has an obvious guiding role in the anatomy of triangulation. The short-term group is better in the visualisation of the liver and in the dissection of the gallbladder from the liver bed. So maybe the short duration of administration is more suitable for patients with complex LC.
Patient expectations about Orthodontic therapy - comparison between years
Authors: Berisha Nora , Kryeziu Majlinda , Sahiti Florina
Published: May 2023

Objective: Orthodontic patients are concerned about improving their appearance. The purpose of the study is to investigate and compare patients' expectations for dental and facial improvements during and after orthodontic therapy in four different time periods.
Materials and methods: This is a transversal and comparative study conducted in four groups for a cohort of four years (2012, 2017, 2019, and 2022). The agreed interview was conducted.
Statistical analysis: The data were analyzed with SPSS 15.0, statistical parameters were calculated and tested for the level of significance at p<0.05.
Results: In the first two groups 72% respectively, 98% of patients assessed very good improvement, of oral appearance, 28% respectively 2% assessed good improvement and 0% no improvement at all.
While last two groups 70% respectively 50% of patients had assessed very good improvement of oral appearance, 30% respectively 48% assessed good improvement, and 0% respectively 2% assessed no improvement.
We found significant difference between years, regarding patient’s oral appearance improvement (p <0.001, X2 = 23.798).
Conclusion: Facial and dental appearance are a major motive for orthodontic therapy. Last years family and society increased the influence on patient’s motivation for orthodontic consultation.
Effects of intranasal dantrolene nanoparticles on brain concentration and behavior in PS19 tau transgenic mice
Authors: Vera Robert , Hong Nicholas , Jiang Bailin , Liang Grace , Eckenhoff Maryellen F , Kincaid Halle J , Browne Veron , Chellaraj Vinolia , Gisewhite Douglas , Greenberg Michael , Ranjan Sudhir , Zhu Gaozhong , Wei Huafeng
Published: May 2023

Background Repurposing dantrolene as a potential disease-modifying treatment for Alzheimer’s disease has been shown to be effective in amyloid transgenic mouse models but has not been examined in a model of tauopathy.Objective The effects of a nanoparticle intranasal formulation, the Eagle Research Formulation of Ryanodex (ERFR), in young adult and aged wild type and PS19 tau transgenic mice was investigated.Methods The bioavailability of intranasal ERFR was measured in 2 months and 9–12 month old C57BL/6J male mice. Mice received a single intranasal dose of ERFR and, after 20 min, blood and brain samples were collected. Dantrolene concentrations in the plasma and brain were analyzed by High Performance Liquid Chromatography. Animal behavior was examined in PS19 tau transgenic mice, with/without acrolein treatment to exacerbate cognitive deficits. Behavioral tests included cognition (cued and contextual fear conditioning, y-maze), motor function (rotarod), and olfaction (buried food test).Results Dantrolene concentration in the blood and brain decreased with age, though the decrease was greater in the blood resulting in a higher brain to blood concentration ratio. The behavioral assays showed no significant changes in cognition, olfaction or motor function in the PS19 mice compared to controls after chronic ERFR treatment even with acrolein treatment.Conclusion Our studies suggest that while we did not find PS19 mice to be a reliable Alzheimer animal model to test the therapeutic efficacy of dantrolene, the results suggest a potential for ERFR to be an effective chronic therapy for Alzheimer’s disease and that further studies are indicated.
Spin-Dependent Graph Neural Network Potential for Magnetic Materials
Authors: Xiang Hongjun , Yu Hongyu , Zhong Yang , Hong Liangliang , Xu Changsong , Ren Wei , Gong Xin-Gao
Published: May 2023

The development of machine learning interatomic potentials has immensely contributed to the accuracy of simulations of molecules and crystals. However, creating interatomic potentials for magnetic systems that account for both magnetic moments and structural degrees of freedom remains a challenge. This work introduces SpinGNN, a spin-dependent interatomic potential approach that employs the graph neural network (GNN) to describe magnetic systems. SpinGNN consists of two types of edge GNNs: Heisenberg edge GNN (HEGNN) and spin-distance edge GNN (SEGNN). HEGNN is tailored to capture Heisenberg-type spin-lattice interactions, while SEGNN accurately models multi-body and high-order spin-lattice coupling. The effectiveness of SpinGNN is demonstrated by its exceptional precision in fitting a high-order spin Hamiltonian and two complex spin-lattice Hamiltonians with great precision. Furthermore, it successfully models the subtle spin-lattice coupling in BiFeO3 and performs large-scale spin-lattice dynamics simulations, predicting its antiferromagnetic ground state, magnetic phase transition, and domain wall energy landscape with high accuracy. Our study broadens the scope of graph neural network potentials to magnetic systems, serving as a foundation for carrying out large-scale spin-lattice dynamic simulations of such systems.
Climatic Growing Season Evolution in Temperate China: a CORDEX analysis
Authors: Yang HuaiZhi , Wang Lei , Zhao XinYi
Published: May 2023

The evolution of the vegetation growing season in the context of global warming is an important topic. This study investigates the evolution of climatic growing season of different land cover types in temperate China with 5°C as the limiting temperature in the past (1971–2010) and future (under RCP4.5 scenario). Results indicate that from 1971 to 2010, the length of climatic growing season in most regions of temperate China increased slightly, with earlier start dates of growing season as a feature. In RCP4.5, larger changes in the start of the climatic growing season can be found in East China and the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau; whereas area with predominant, changes in the end of growing season entail the central, southern and eastern parts of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and the mountains regions of Xinjiang, the number of days of change is more than 30 days. Woodland and grassland have similar mean growing season variation while grassland has a significantly larger scale of growing season lengthening due to its 30 + day delay in the end of the growing season.
To explore the efficacy of modified Altemeier procedure in the treatment of complete rectal prolapse——A multicenter clinical study
Authors: Zhai Yuze , Wang Benjun , Han Weiwei , Yu Bianfang , Liu Congcong , Gao Qianfu , Wang Shanchao , Fang Yueting
Published: May 2023

Background： Currently, the Altemeier procedure is clinically ineffective, with a high rate of postoperative recurrence and complications.To explore the efficacy of the modified Altemeier procedure in the treatment of complete rectal prolapse.
Method and Main outcome measures:The enrolled patients with complete rectal prolapse were divided into traditional and modified groups according to the surgical approach. The primary outcomes included complication rates, time and severity of postoperative recurrence, changes in pre-and postoperative Wexner anal incontinence scores, and ED-5Q-5L quality-of-life autonomy scores. Secondary outcomes included operative time, intraoperative bleeding, and length of hospital stay.
Conclusions: Pathological dilatation of the distal rectum may be another anatomical defect in complete rectal prolapse. The results of the clinical study confirmed the clinical effectiveness and safety of the modified Altmeyer procedure, which has high clinical application value.
Light-field tomographic fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy
Authors: Gao Liang , Ma Yayao , Huang Luzhe , Sen Chandani , Burri Samuel , Bruschini Claudio , Yang Xilin , Cameron Robert , Fishbein Gregory , Gomperts Brigitte , Ozcan Aydogan , Charbon Edoardo
Published: May 2023

Fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM) is a powerful imaging technique that enables the visualization of biological samples at the molecular level by measuring the fluorescence decay rate of fluorescent probes. This provides critical information about molecular interactions, environmental changes, and localization within biological systems. However, creating high-resolution lifetime maps using conventional FLIM systems can be challenging, as it often requires extensive scanning that can significantly lengthen acquisition times. This issue is further compounded in three-dimensional (3D) imaging because it demands additional scanning along the depth axis. To tackle this challenge, we developed a novel computational imaging technique called light field tomographic FLIM (LIFT-FLIM). Our approach allows for the acquisition of volumetric fluorescence lifetime images in a highly data-efficient manner, significantly reducing the number of scanning steps required compared to conventional point-scanning or line-scanning FLIM imagers. Moreover, LIFT-FLIM enables the measurement of high-dimensional data using low-dimensional detectors, which are typically low-cost and feature a higher temporal bandwidth. We demonstrated LIFT-FLIM using a linear single-photon avalanche diode array on various biological systems, showcasing unparalleled single-photon detection sensitivity. Additionally, we expanded the functionality of our method to spectral FLIM and demonstrated its application in high-content multiplexed imaging of lung organoids. LIFT-FLIM has the potential to open up new avenues in both basic and translational biomedical research.
Machine learning to comprehensively reveal signature genes and regulatory mechanisms in pituitary tumors
Authors: Wang Qingsong , Xiao Rongjun , Xia Ying
Published: May 2023

Background Pituitary tumors are among the rare tumors of the central nervous system. With advances in screening, the incidence of pituitary tumors is increasing every year. The symptoms of pituitary tumors are similar to those of some common diseases, and it is common to miss the diagnosis, which can lead to serious complications, affect life expectancy and quality of life, and lead to poor prognosis due to side effects of adjuvant chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Therefore, the search for new biomarkers is important for the early diagnosis and treatment .Methods Datasets related to pituitary tumors from the GEO database were collected and integrated, firstly, DEG screening and GO, KEGG and GSEA enrichment analysis were performed, then LASSO and SVM-RFE algorithms were used to identify pituitary tumor-related signature genes in the training set, and ROC performance and gene expression differences were verified in the test set. Based on this, the immune infiltration differences were analyzed, and the correlation between signature genes and immune cells was studied.Results We finally screened 6 signature genes, including CNTNAP2, LHX3, RAB11FIP3, SOX9, TBX19 and TGFBR, whose expression showed differences, and the expression of signature genes was correlated with tumor infiltrating immune cells abundance gene expression.Conclusion In this study, 6 signature genes were screened to contribute to the development of immune-targeted therapeutic agents for the early diagnosis of pituitary tumor patients.
Synergistic Effect of Perovskites and Nitrogen-Doped Carbon Hybrid Materials for Improving Oxygen Reduction Reaction
Authors: Rohib R. , Rehman Saeed Ur , Lee Eunjik , Kim Changki , Lee Hyunjoon , Lee Seung-Bok , Park Gu-Gon
Published: May 2023

A fundamental understanding of the electrochemical behavior of hybrid perovskite and nitrogen-doped (N-doped) carbon is essential for the development of perovskite-based electrocatalysts in various sustainable energy device applications. In particular, the selection and modification of suitable carbon support are important for enhancing the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) of non-platinum group metal electrocatalysts in fuel cells. Herein, we address hybrid materials composed of three representative N-doped carbon supports (BP-2000, Vulcan XC-72 and P-CNF) with valid surface areas and different series of single, double and triple perovskites: Ba0.5Sr0.5Co0.8Fe0.2O3−δ (BSCF), (Pr0.5Ba0.5)CoO3−δ (PBCO), and Nd1.5Ba1.5CoFeMnO9−δ (NBCFM), respectively. The combination of NBCFM and N-doped BP-2000 produces a half-wave potential of 0.74 V and a current density of 5.42 mA cm− 2 at 0.5 V vs. reversible hydrogen electrode, comparable to those of the commercial Pt/C electrocatalyst (0.76 V, 5.21 mA cm− 2). Physicochemical and electrochemical investigations indicate that carbon successfully overcomes the insulating properties of perovskite. Simultaneously, N-doped carbon is essential to accelerate the ORR performance of hybrid perovskite-carbon materials.
Spatial-Temporal Evolution and Influencing Factors of Rural Financial Resource Allocation Efficiency in China
Authors: Zhang Yang , Guo Hua
Published: May 2023

China is faced with challenge of improving efficiency in rural financial resource allocation in rural revitalization. This research examines the spatial-temporal evolutions of the static and dynamic allocation efficiency (SAE and DAE) of financial resources in rural China and their influencing factors. The combination of a super-slack-based measure (SBM) model with the Malmquist productivity index (MPI) is used to evaluate SAE and DAE from 2000 to 2019, respectively. Also, the spatial econometric models are applied to estimate spatial effects and effects of influencing factors on SAE or DAE. The result shows that SAE and DAE has been fluctuant de-creasing from a temporal perspective, while the differences in SAE or DAE among provinces from a spatial perspective are gradually decreasing. In particular, SAE shows a spatial distribution pattern of "high in the south and low in the northwest" and spatial siphon effect, while DAE gradually evolved into three high-efficiency poles in Xinjiang, Inner Mongolia and Sichuan. Further analysis shows that the development of economy significantly limited SAE and DAE; the ratio of deposits to loans significantly increased SAE, while the proportion of agriculture and the convenience of commodity market transactions adversely affected SAE. In addition, the regional education level significantly increased DAE. This research may help to formulate a reasonable allocation of limited rural financial resources.
Classification code JEL G20; D14; J24
Impact of Autologous Breast Reconstruction on Bra Fit
Authors: Liu Yen-Tung , Khan Novera H. , Bordes Mary Catherine , Reece Gregory P. , Francis Ashleigh M. , Chen Tzuan A. , Bravo Karen , Markey Mia K.
Published: May 2023

Purpose To inform bra design by analyzing 3D surface images of breast cancer patients who underwent autologous breast reconstruction.Methods We computed bra design measurements on 3D surface images of patients who underwent unilateral and bilateral autologous breast reconstruction. Breast measurements and right-left symmetry between preoperative baseline and postoperative time points were compared using either paired Student t test or Wilcoxon signed rank test, depending on the data's distribution. Regression analysis determined associations between measurements and patient characteristics such as age. Postoperative measurements and symmetry differences were also compared between autologous and implant-based breast reconstruction.Results Among participants who underwent bilateral autologous breast reconstruction, the reconstructed breasts were smaller and positioned higher on the chest wall than their native breasts. For patients who underwent unilateral reconstruction, similar postoperative changes were observed in the contralateral breast due to symmetry procedures. Overall, for participants whose baseline breast measurements showed substantial asymmetry, unilateral reconstruction decreased right-left asymmetry whereas bilateral reconstruction amplified right-left asymmetry. Preoperative baseline breast measurements, age, and BMI were statistically significantly associated with most postoperative breast measurements for participants who underwent bilateral autologous reconstruction. Compared to implant-based reconstruction, autologous reconstruction resulted in fewer changes in breast shape and symmetry that are pertinent to bra fit.Conclusion Preoperative baseline breast measurements, age, and BMI can impact bra designs for breast cancer survivors who undergo autologous reconstruction due to size, shape, and symmetry changes. Bra needs of people who undergo autologous reconstruction differ from those who undergo implant-based reconstruction.
Esthetics and patient-reported outcomes with dental single tooth implants 10 years after placement, a cross-sectional study
Authors: Bengtsson Viveca Wallin , Lindahl Christel , Scholander Sven
Published: May 2023

Background Survival and success rates for single tooth implants have shown excellent results when measuring clinical outcomes. Less attention has been on patient´s perception of function and esthetics with single tooth implants. Therefore, the aim of the study was to describe patient reported function and esthetic outcomes in single tooth implants. A second aim was to compare the patient perceived esthetics with objective esthetics in single tooth implants.Methods Patients with one single-tooth implant reconstruction in the esthetic zone were selected. Two questionnaires with visual analogue scales (VAS) were filled in by the patients and intraoral photographs were taken. One questionnaire concerned satisfaction with cleaning and function and the other involved esthetics of the single tooth implant. One dentist reviewed the photographs using the pink esthetic score/white esthetic score index (PES/WES). Spearman correlation test was used to evaluate the relationship between VAS and PES/WES.Results For chewing and for speaking the scores were 0.1 respectively 1.2 on a VAS (best 0). The overall esthetics, on a VAS was 8.6 (best 10). PES/WES in the present study was 14.6 (SD ± 1.9) and 3/45 (6.7%) of the patients never reached clinical acceptability. VAS and PES or WES or PES/WES showed no correlation with Spearman´s correlation test (p = 0.435, p = 0.296, p = 0.245 respectively).Conclusions Patients reported high satisfaction with the function and the esthetics with single tooth implants. Patients’ satisfaction with the esthetics and the objective esthetics was not correlated.
Alterations in morphology and barrier function of tanycytes in an APP/PS1 transgenic mouse model of Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Qi Guibo , Gong Pifang , Liu Yitong , Hu Jianian , Kang Siying , Tang Han , Qin Song
Published: May 2023

Hypothalamic defects characterized by metabolic disorders influence the progression of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Recent studies have proposed that tanycytes, radial glial-like cells lining the third ventricle wall, participate in energy homeostasis regulation as an important player. However, the role of tanycytes in neurodegenerative diseases such as AD is unclear. Our ongoing research aims to investigate morphological and functional changes in tanycytes in an APP/PS1 mouse model of AD. Considering the spatial distribution of hypothalamic nuclei, we focused on middle region (from bregma − 1.5 to − 2.1 mm) of the mediobasal hypothalamus. By vimentin immunostaining, we found both internal and external ME areas occupied by vimentin-positive processes displayed a significant reduction in 12-month-old APP/PS1 mice compared with WT controls. Administration of Evans blue revealed normal barrier function of the ME–ARH interface and impaired fasting-induced remodeling of the blood–hypothalamic barrier, suggesting an attenuated ability of blood-borne molecules to enter the ARH. Moreover, in 5- and 12-month-old APP/PS1 mice, tanycytes exhibited a similar expression pattern of the zonula occludins-1 (ZO-1) tight-junction complex relative to age-matched control littermates. Interestingly, although random and actual food intake was similar among 5- and 12-month-old APP/PS1 and WT mice, fasting blood glucose and rebound feeding was significantly higher in 12-month-old APP/PS1 mice than WT mice. We also detected more c-Fos immunoreactive neurons in the ARH and more areas of ARH occupied by tanycytic processes in 12-month-old APP/PS1 mice, providing more anatomical evidence for tanycyte–neuron communication in the ARH. These results uncovered changes in morphology and barrier function of tanycytes in APP/PS1 mice, which may be associated with abnormal hypothalamic glucose metabolism.
Identification of the clinical prediction model and biomarkers based on chromatin regulators in colon cancer by integrated analysis of bulk- and single-cell RNA sequencing data
Authors: Ma Yichao , Fang Fang , Liao Kai , Zhang Jingqiu , Wei Chen , Liao Yiqun , Zhao Bin , Fang Yongkun , Chen Yuji , Wang Daorong , Zhang Xinyue , Tang Dong
Published: May 2023

Background Chromatin regulators (CRs) are implicated in the development of cancer, but a comprehensive investigation of their role in colon adenocarcinoma (COAD) is inadequate. This research's objective is to conduct a complete examination of CRs in COAD.Methods We obtained data from TCGA and GEO databases. WGCNA screened tumor-associated CRs. Lasso-cox regression was used to construct the model and to screen key CRs together with SVM, the univariate cox regression. We used single-cell data to explore expression of CRs in cells and their communication. Immune infiltration, immune checkpoints, mutation, methylation, and drug sensitivity analyses were performed. Gene expression was verified by qRT-PCR. Pan-cancer analysis was used to explore the importance of hub CRs.Results We finally obtained 32 tumor-associated CRs. The prognostic model was constructed based on RCOR2, PPARGC1A, PKM, RAC3, PHF19, MYBBP1A, ORC1, and EYA2 by the Lasso-cox regression. Single cell data revealed that the model was immune-related. Substantial differences existed between the high-risk and low-risk cohorts in the clinical features, tumor microenvironment, and drug sensitivity. Combined with machine learning, PKM is perhaps the most critical gene in CRs. Pan-cancer analysis showed that PKM plays a role in the prognosis of cancers.Conclusions We developed a prognostic model for COAD dependent on CRs. Increased expression of the core gene PKM is linked with a poor prognosis in a number of malignancies.
It is Not About Time - A New Standard for Open-Loop Heliostat Calibration Methods
Authors: Pargmann Max , Leibauer Moritz , Nettelroth Vincent , Quinto Daniel Maldonado , Pitz-Paal Robert
Published: May 2023

Heliostat calibration is a vital task in solar tower plants to ensure high plant efficiencies. Currently calibration is performed at close time intervals for every heliostat, to ensure constantly precise heliostat tracking, because it is assumed that a heliostat's precision tends to degrade over time. Consequently, new heliostat calibration procedures are frequently presented that incorporate time-dependent data set splitting for training and testing. In this study, we present a new data-set splitting method that measures the nearest neighbor distance between each calibration point using sun positions in Euler angles (Azimuth, Elevation). We conducted a comparative analysis with the common time-based split method, and our results demonstrate that neither time nor data set size significantly impacted the tracking accuracies. Instead, the distribution of sun position within the data set emerged as the most important factor. Moreover, our findings suggest that using time as a metric can be misleading when reporting validation accuracies. The proposed method has significant implications for the calibration of heliostats, previous and upcoming publications as well as the daily power plant operation. Utilizing this method, the acquired data sets are expected to achieve higher levels of accuracy while requiring less data. Furthermore, it has the potential to enhance the comparability between publications and enable risk-averse assessments of new methods to ensure stated accuracies and improve model evaluation reliability.
Optimized Design by Genetic Algorithm for Flux Switching Brushless Permanent Magnet Machines with Two Ports from Perspective of Losses
Authors: Shirzad Ehsan
Published: May 2023

This paper evaluates a brushless double mechanical port flux-switching permanent-magnet that this machine is used in fields of high power and hybrid electrical vehicles. In design of this machine is studied the mandatory purpose in order to mentioned machine manufacturable and optimum design that for achieving stated target, choice of suitable design geometrics is crucial. Design purpose investigated in this paper is extracting appropriate geometric for realization of maximum efficiency by genetic algorithm is used as acceptable tool to optimize configuration of evaluated machine. For solving this problem is used Maxwell software (optimization tool in Maxwell software) and finite element method (numerical model), then, results are brought in tables and Figs.
Atherogenic index of plasma (AIP), an effective novel index to predict abnormal weight in Youth: A Propensity score matching data analysis
Authors: Wang Zhi-Long , Zheng Ying-Ying , Sun Chang-Hao , Yin Xin , Zhi Xiao-Yu , Liu Yi-Tian , Wu Ting-Ting , Xie Xiang
Published: May 2023

Background: Obesity is closely related to dyslipidemia. Atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) is a novel index evolved from two traditional lipid indexes. However, the relevance of AIP to obesity remains unclear. Our study aims to explore the relationship between AIP and obesity, and the predictive power of AIP compared with other traditional lipid indicators.
Methods: This study was a case-control study with propensity matching. A total of 13,082 adults under the age of 30 were included, of whom 8,366 were of normal weight, 3,340 were overweight and 1,376 were considered obese.
Results: After propensity matching, we found that compared to subjects in the normal weight group, subjects with abnormal weight had higher body mass index (BMI), systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), hemoglobin (Hb), platelets (PLT), white blood cells (WBC), alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate transaminase (AST), total cholesterol (TC), creatinine (Cr), fasting blood glucose (FBG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), triglyceride (TG), AIP, Non-HDL-C, TC/HDL-C, LDL-C/HDL-C, atherogenic index (AI), lipoprotein combined index (LCI) and low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), total bilirubin (TBIL) (P<0.001). AIP was positively and linearly correlated with BMI. Compared with conventional lipid indexes such as TG (odds ratio [OR]=1.22), HDL-C (OR=0.34) and LDL-C (OR=1.1) and new lipid indexes such as LDL-C/HDL-C (OR=1.64), Non-HDL-C (OR=1.14), TC/HDL-C (OR=1.47), AI (OR=1.47) and LCI (OR=1.03), AIP had the highest OR value (OR=3.34). As a result, AIP has a tighter correlation with obesity and better predictive value than other lipid indicators.Multivariate logistics regression shows, for every 1mmol/L increase in AIP, the risk of abnormal weight increased 3.34 times. Those with an AIP greater than 0 had a 1.86-fold increased risk of abnormal weight compared to those with an AIP less than 0. After matching AIP with obesity propensity, AIP still had good predictive power.
Conclusions: In the youth population, AIP does have a good ability to predict obesity. AIP can be used as a lipid index to screen for obesity.
Differentiated impacts of landscape-level environmental contexts on residents’ environmental perceptions of China’s drylands under ecological restoration
Authors: Wu Tianjing , Liu Yanxu , Wu Xutong , Liu Zhifeng , Xiao Rui
Published: May 2023

Context Local residents’ environmental perceptions (EPs) of changes in environmental contexts are important for assessing ecological restoration programs and sustainable environmental management. Cross-scale research is necessary to understand the law of universality in ecological restoration. However, most studies have failed to analyse the indirect effects of environmental contexts on local residents’ EPs at the landscape level and have lacked cross-scale analysis of regional differences.Objectives The goal is to determine the regional heterogeneity of the direct and indirect impacts of landscape-level environmental contexts and individual-level characteristics on rural residents’ EPs.Methods We conducted a transect survey that included the eastern, middle, and western regions in China’s drylands, which have experienced ecological restoration. Multilevel linear models (MLMs) were applied to analyze the direct and indirect key driving factors at the individual level and the landscape level on rural residents’ EPs.Results Changes in the landscape-level environmental context can have indirect effects on both single EPs (i.e., perceptions of vegetation, humidity, sandy weather, soil quality, summer temperature, and precipitation) and composite EPs. The EPs are influenced by different landscape-level variables among the east, middle and west of China's drylands. For instances, humidity perception was influenced by precipitation only in the high aridity of western and middle regions; composite EPs were most indirectly impacted by vegetation.Conclusions These findings have important implications for understanding how landscape-level environmental contexts affect EPs; and they can inform differentiated assessments of ecological restoration programs in China’s drylands.
The relationship between perceived social support and the number of injuries among left-behind children in the Chaoshan region, China: The chain-mediating role of self-esteem and psychological resilience
Authors: jiajun zhou , Xie Linlin , Luo Yandong , Chang Ping , Cao Zicheng , Li Liping
Published: May 2023

Background Left-behind children in China, who live without one or both parents due to migration, are highly susceptible to various physical and mental health issues, including injuries. The promotion of their well-being and the reduction of harm incidences depend on crucial factors such as social support, self-esteem, and resilience. However, the underlying mechanisms for achieving these goals remain unclear.
Objective The purpose of this study is to investigate the chain-mediating effects of self-esteem and psychological resilience between perceived social support and the number of injuries experienced in the last year among left-behind children in order to establish a foundation for the development of effective injury prevention strategies.
Methods The survey data for this study was collected from 1005 left-behind children in the Chaoshan region, China, between September 2019 and September 2020. The survey included the Juvenile Victimization Questionnaire Revised 2 (JVQ R2), as well as the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, Perceived Social Support Scale, and Psychological Resilience Scale. Chain-Mediating effect was worked out by using AMOS structural equation model (SEM), and the significance of mediation was examined by bootstrap.
Results (1) A linear regression analysis showed that perceived social support was positively correlated with self-esteem (r=0.25, P<0.01) and psychological resilience (r=0.45, P<0.01), and the number of injuries was negatively correlated with perceived social support (r=-0.13, P<0.01), self-esteem (r=-0.19, P<0.01) and psychological resilience (r=-0.24, P<0.01). (2) Social support was negatively predicted the number of injuries experienced in the last year. (3) Self-esteem and psychological resilience played a chain-mediating role between perceivedsocial support and the number of injuries.
Conclusions The findings of this study suggest that social support can reduce the risk of injury of left-behind children in the Chaoshan region, and indirectly reduce the risk of injury of left-behind children through the chain-mediating effect of self-esteem and psychological resilience. Thus, enhancing the perceived social support, self-esteem, and psychological resilience of left-behind children may promote their physical and mental well-being and lower their vulnerability to injuries.
Renal Doppler Sonography As A Non-Invasive Technique For Early Detection Of Sickle Nephropathy In Children
Authors: Tagui Mona El , Seif Hadeel , hady Marwa Abd El , El-Sayed Dalia , Momen Nouran , Selim Yasmeen , Salam Mai Abd El
Published: May 2023

Objective: Early identification of sickle nephropathy via renal doppler sonography among sickle cell disease patients so as to help in early diagnosis and interventions to prevent progression to end-stage renal disease.
Methods: 45 SCD children were included along with 45 healthy control children. Renal doppler sonography (PI and RI) was performed to all subjects. Doppler indices (Resistance Index and pulsatility index) were of value to assess reno-vascular changes in SCD.
Laboratory investigations were done: Hb electrophoresis, complete blood picture with blood indices, reticulocytic count, liver enzymes (ALT and AST), HCV serology, serum ferritin and lactate dehydrogenese (LDH).
Results: The study group consisted of 45 SCD patients, 27 (60%) males with mean age 12 years (± 3 years). By performing renal doppler sonography, it was found that all study group had significantly higher doppler indices (Resistivity index and pulsatility index) compared to the control group.
Results of renal doppler sonography revealed, Main renal pulsatility index was positively correlated with main renal resistance index (r=0.454, p=0.002).
Conclusion: Roc curve showed that Main Renal Artery Pulsatility index and resistance index index could act as a predictor for sickle cell nephropathy with high sensitivity values. Otherwise, renal doppler indices didn’t show statistically significant correlation with the other studied variables.
Improving birth weight by increasing the knowledge of both pregnant mothers and their partners. An experience from a Sri Lankan study
Authors: Guruge G. N. Duminda , Young S. M. , Dharmaratne S.D. , Gunathunga M.W
Published: May 2023

Background The purpose was to evaluate the effectiveness of a community based health promotion intervention to increase knowledge about birth weight and its determinants among mothers and their partners.Methods A quasi-experimental study design was used with mixed methods and the setting was pregnant mothers (n = 806) of n = 403 each in two districts. The pregnant mothers and their partners completed interviewer administered questionnaires. Pre and post data was analyzed based on four major knowledge categories using statistical methods.Results Significantly higher gains in knowledge were seen among both mothers and their partners in the intervention group compared to the comparison group. Among participants with low pre-assessment knowledge scores too, the intervention group improved more than the comparison group {mothers (p = 0.002) and partners (p = 0.007)}.Conclusions The knowledge of the mothers as well as the partners was improved significantly. Importantly, mothers with less advantages have also benefitted. Involving partners incorporating health promotion approaches was successful.
Fruit Intake and Alzheimer’s Disease: Results from Mendelian Randomization
Authors: Liao Wan-Zhe , Zhu Xiao-Feng , Xin Qing , Mo Ye-Tong , Wang Lan-Lan , He Xiang-Ping , Guo Xu-Guang
Published: May 2023

Background Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the leading cause of dementia in old age, recognized as a global health priority. The number of dementia patients is projected to reach 152 million worldwide by the mid-century. AD can damage thought, memory, and independence, increasing the risk of dependence, disability, and mortality. The aim of the present study is to explore precise causality from fruit intake on risk of AD.Methods To explore the causal effect of fresh fruit intake and dried fruit intake on the liability of AD, this study utilized a genome-wide association study (GWAS) developed by the MRC-IEU for the full UK Biobank and the GWAS from FinnGen round 8 to conduct a Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis. The instrumental variables (IVs) for each fruit intake were selected based on the InSIDE hypothesis and the exposure-outcome datasets were harmonized. The study used inverse variance weighted (IVW), MR‒Egger, and weighted median (WM) approaches for MR estimates, and scatter plots, funnel plots, and leave-one-out plots were generated for statistical inspection of the stability of the results.Results MR analyses were conducted to investigate the causal effects of fresh fruit and dried fruit intake on Alzheimer's disease (AD) using targeted genome-wide association study datasets. Little evidence suggested a potential causal relationship between fresh fruit intake and AD (OR (95%CI) = 0.97 (0.50, 1.91), P-value = 0.939), while a significant and intensive causality was indicated between dried fruit intake and AD (OR (95%CI) = 4.09 (2.07, 8.10), P-value < 0.001). Stability evaluations showed no heterogeneity and pleiotropy affecting the interpretability and credibility of the primary analyses.Conclusions We strengthened the evidence supporting the positive causality from dried fruit intake to the liability of Alzheimer’s disease, while the association between fresh fruit intake and the risk of Alzheimer’s disease failed to be demonstrated. Further validation focusing on underlying molecular mechanisms and expansility of ethnicity could strengthen the reliability of the diet intervention throughout the prevention on AD.
Nobel laureates in Physics, Chemistry and Medicine: relation between research funding and citations
Authors: Coccia Mario
Published: May 2023

One of the vital problems in scientometrics is to explore the factors that affect the growth of citations in publications and in general the diffusion of knowledge in science and society. The goal of this study is to analyze the relation between funded and unfunded papers and citations of Nobel Laureates in physics, chemistry and medicine over 2019-2020 period and the same relation in these research fields as a whole to clarify the scientific development. Original results here reveal that in chemistry and medicine, funded papers of Nobel Laureates have higher citations than unfunded papers, vice versa in physics that has high citations in unfunded papers. Instead, when overall research fields of physics, chemistry and medicine are analyzed, funded papers have a higher level of citations than unfunded, with a higher scaling factor in chemistry and medicine. General properties of this study are that: a) funded articles receive more citations than unfunded papers in research fields of physics, chemistry and medicine, generating a high Matthew effect given by a higher accumulation and growth of citations with the growth of papers, b) funding increases the citations of articles in fields oriented to applied research (such as, chemistry and medicine) more than fields oriented to basic research (physics). Overall, then, results here can explain some characteristics of scientific dynamics, showing the critical role of funding to foster citations and diffusion of knowledge, also having potential commercial implications in applied research. Results here can be provide useful information to understand drivers of the scientific development in basic and applied research fields to better allocate financial resources in research fields directed to support a positive scientific and societal impact.
Association study of FSHR G-29A, 2039A>G, ESR1 (PvuII) showing incident rates of genotypic combinations and it`s correlations with serum hormone FSH, LH, Estradiol levels in patients with primary amenorrhea
Authors: Chauhan Pooja , Biswas Sudipto , Rai Amit Kumar
Published: May 2023

Background Primary amenorrhea is a condition of abnormal menstrual cycle that results into different reproductive diseases. Several functional polymorphisms have been identified in genes that regulate the hypothalamus-pituitary-gonad axis which controls ovarian function. The objective of present study was to analyze the role of genetic variants of HPG axis genes (FSHR G-29A, 2039A > G and ESR1 (PvuII)) on the severity of clinical features of amenorrhea and disease susceptibility.Methods In this study, the allelic, genotype and haplotype frequency distributions of three SNPs in the FSHR and ESR1 gene were analyzed in 101 women with primary amenorrhea, and 122 age- and ethnically-matched control individuals. FSHR and ESR1 genotyping were done by Polymerase chain reaction-Restriction length polymorphism and Amplification-Refractory Mutation System method. Genotype distributions were compared between patients and controls. The distribution of the polymorphisms was confirmed by Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium test.Result A significant increase in luteinizing hormone level in GG genotype of FSHR 2039G > A was observed. However, allelic, genotype and haplotype frequencies of three polymorphisms considering the primary amenorrhea did not differ statistically. Genetic combination analysis also suggests no association in studied SNPs between patients and controls. Limited linkage disequilibrium was noted among FSHR G-29A and 2039A > G.Conclusion The FSHR 2039G > A polymorphism modulates LH serum levels in primary amenorrhea patients. These findings highlight the importance to pay attention to the association studies of genetic variations associated with clinical-endocrine parameters. However, these findings need to be confirmed in different types of populations.
∈ - varepsilon-regularity criteria and the number of singular points for the 3D simplified Ericksen-Leslie system
Authors: Zuo Zhongbao
Published: May 2023

In this paper, we present a new regularity criteria for suitable weak solutions to the 3D simplified Ericksen-Leslie system. Moreover, under the condition \|\mathbf{u}\|_{L^{q,\infty}_tL^p_x(Q_r(z_0))}+ \|\nabla\mathbf{d}\|_{L^{q,\infty}_tL^p_x(Q_r(z_0))}=K<\infty,~ (\frac{3}{p}+\frac{2}{q}=1~\rm{and}~3