bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR IPS TEMA JENIS PEKERJAAN MELALUI METODE BERMAIN PERAN (ROLE PLAYING) DAN MEDIA GAMBAR KELAS III SD NEGERI LIMO 1 DEPOK
Authors: Muniroh
Published: June 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar IPS dengan penggunaan metode bermain peran (role playing) dan menggunakan media gambar bagi siswa kelas III SD Negeri Limo 1 Depok tahun pelajaran 2015/2018. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian perbaikan pembelajaran, Hasil prasiklus, tingkat ketuntasan belajar peserta didik dengan KKM 70 hanya 4 dari 40 peserta didik atau 10% dengan nilai rata-rata 59,50 dan hasil pengamatan peserta didik yang menjawab pertanyaan dengan benar sebesar 10%. Pada siklus I, ada 23 peserta didik yang mencapai nilai KKM atau sebesar 57,50% dengan nilai rata-rata 68,25 dan hasil pengamatan peserta didik menjawab benar sebesar 67,50%. Nilai rata-rata yang diperoleh pada siklus I masih dibawah KKM sehingga dilanjutkan perbaikan pada siklus II. Pada siklus II dengan menambahkan metode bermain peran (role playing) dan media gambar, hasil belajar mencapai nilai rata-rata 85,25% dengan ketuntasan belajar peserta didik sebesar 100%. Semua peserta didik pada siklus II memperoleh nilai di atas KKM serta hasil pengamatan peserta didik yang dapat menjawab sebesar 90%. Metode bermain peran (role playing) dan media gambar meningkatkan hasil belajar peserta didik secara signifikan pada pembelajaran IPS materi jenis-jenis pekerjaan di kelas 3 SD Negeri Limo 1 Kecamatan Limo Kota Depok.
5 Petuah Praktis Bagi Manajer Manajemen SDM Masa Kini
Authors: Susanto Erwin Dwi
Published: June 2019

5 Petuah Praktis Bagi Manajer Manajemen SDM Masa Kini adalah Dorong Obrolan untuk Bersenang-Senang, Bukan Hanya Bekerja, Buat Sespesifik Mungkin, Memberikan Keamanan kepada Karyawan, dan Rangkul Peran Anda di SDM.
Pulse width modulation: the language of the brain
Authors: Brown Robert
Published: June 2019

AbstractMusic, speech, dance, echo location, sonar, telegraphy, radio, and the original Fax telegraphics and television are all based upon timing and rhythm. Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) is the science behind rhythm because it can define rhythm and the information within rhythm, precisely. So it stands to reason that the brain uses PWM to produce and understand music and speech and deal with these the other movement and messaging processes involving rhythm. PWM is a versatile electrical process used in control systems from light dimmers to spectrometers. PWM is based upon the measurement and/or the control of the time of events (spikes) within repeating periods in a carrier frequency of timed pulses. In the case of light dimmers, the PWM controller turns the light on at the beginning of each repeating (periodic) cycle in the 60 Hz, alternating current (AC) carrier frequency, and turns it off early in each cycle to make the light appear dim, and turns off the light near or at the end of each cycle to make the light appear bright. In very simple muscles, like those found in the first animals like the crinoids, the degree of extension and flexion can be determined by the time between when these movements are started (turned on) and when they are stopped (turned off) within the repeating cycles of a PWM carrier frequency. A very simple muscle with only two muscle cells can be used as a high frequency spike generator. And a set of these muscle circuits can be used as a frequency divider that produces lower frequency global periodic carrier pulse train frequency needed in PWM. Timed pulses within these global periodic carrier pulses can create an output pulse train that also produces a restoring pulse for each output pulse resulting in a symmetrical, zero-sum computation that keeps order and balance in the PWM controller. The time information within these periodic carrier pulse cycles allow multiple muscles to work simultaneously with slightly different starting and finishing times to produce the constant acceleration and deceleration seen in eye saccades and almost all other animal movements produced by the brain. Bi-directional frequency dividers can be used as up/down counters that store information as short term and long-term latent memories of pulse times that can be retrieved later by the carrier pulse train to create and transmit messages within the brain, without movement, that determine the overall behavior of an animal.Abstract
Forum size and content contribution per person: a field experiment
Authors: Baek Jiye , Shore Jesse Conan
Published: June 2019

Promoting contribution of content is a key challenge for platforms that support the collective creation or transfer of knowledge. We study the role of forum size (number of people in a forum) on contribution of content per person with a field experiment on a massive open online course (MOOC). We find that larger forums elicit more contribution per person. The number of questions and other help-seeking threads posted per person was unchanged by size, but replies and other more conversational posts increased sharply. Most of the positive effect of size was in a subset of socially responsive subjects. The implication of social responsiveness driving our results is that the unequal distribution of contribution on online platforms is unlikely to be easily changed: if more contributions are elicited from infrequent contributors, the greatest contributors would contribute even more due to there being more to respond to.
Cybercrime and Security in Nepal: The Need for Two-Factor Authentication in Social Media
Authors: Roka Chuda Bahadur
Published: June 2019

History of using computers is not long enough in Nepal. It was started in around 1995, but it got easier for us to access to using computers after 2000. We had no easy access to telephone and internet even before 2006 due to the Maoist Insurgency. In 2006, the users of Internet were 1.1% of the total population of Nepal, which reached around 17.2% at the end of 2016. With this rapid increment of internet users, risk of misuse such as cybercrime has increased through the use of internet. This paper thus will describe in detail about the cybercrime and security and authenticity related issues.Crossing the Border: International Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies 5(2) 2017: 31-36
Democratic Citizenship as Uruguayan Cultural Heritage
Authors: Rodd Robin
Published: June 2019

Amidst a global turn towards authoritarianism and populism, there are few contemporary examples of state-led democratization. This article discusses how Uruguay’s Frente Amplio (FA) party has drawn on a unique national democratic cultural heritage to encourage a coupling of participatory and representative institutions in “a politics of closeness.” The FA has reinvigorated Batllismo, a discourse associated with social justice, civic republicanism, and the rise of Uruguayan social democracy in the early twentieth century. At the same time, the FA’s emphasis on egalitarian participation is inspired by the thought of Uruguay’s independence hero José Artigas. I argue that the cross-weave of party and movement, and of democratic citizenship and national heritage, encourages the emergence of new figures of the citizen and new permutations for connecting citizens with representative institutions. The FA’s “politics of closeness” is an example of how state-driven democratization remains possible in an age described by some as “post-democratic.”
A REVIEW ON A COMPARATIVE STUDY ON EFFECTIVENESS AND SAFETY OF NOVEL ORAL ANTICOAGULANTS IN PATIENTS WITH ATRIAL FIBRILLATION
Authors: K Priyanka P , George Mathew , Joseph Lincy
Published: June 2019

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is characterized as an extremely rapid and disorganized atrial activation. These irregular heartbeats will cause blood to collect within the heart and potentially form a clot, which can travel to a person’s brain and cause a stroke. AF increases stroke risk by 3 to 5 fold. Vitamin K antagonists (VKAs) are highly effective for the prevention of stroke, mainly of ischemic origin, in patients with AF. For this reason, VKAs are currently recommended in all AF patients at moderate to high risk for stroke or systemic embolism (SSE). VKAs have significant limitations, particularly their unpredictable anticoagulant response and numerous food and drug interactions, mandating regular laboratory monitoring. These limitations make treatment with VKAs problematic for many patients; as a result, only about half of all potentially eligible AF patients are treated with VKAs. Over the last several years, novel oral anticoagulant drugs (NOACs), including direct thrombin inhibitors (dabigatran) and factor Xa inhibitors (apixaban & rivaroxaban), have been developed. New orally administered anticoagulant drugs have emerged as potential alternatives to VKAs for the prevention of ischaemic stroke or systemic embolism in patients with chronic atrial fibrillation. Novel oral anticoagulants (NOACs), due to their a lot of predictable therapeutic result and more favorable haemorrhagic risk profile, represent a particularly attractive therapeutic option in AF patients.

Keywords:  Novel oral anticoagulants (NOACs), Vitamin K antagonist (VKAs), Atrial fibrillation, Apixaban, Dabigatran, Rivaroxaban.
“Capital” as the key to solving modern economic problems (Offline addition to the discussion on the revival of a special seminar on Karl Marx’s “Capital”)
Authors: Buzgalin Alexandеr V.
Published: June 2019

In the article prepared in connection with the discussion on the use of the Marxist political economy heritage and the revival of a special seminar on Marx’s “Capital”, the author shows the dialectic of the relationship between the content and the transformed forms of the modern capitalist system; the potential of “Capital” to understand the content of the modern economy, and the potential of economics to understand its forms. On this basis, the author shows which questions of our time are answered by Marxist methodology and theory, and which are not, and concludes that Marxist political economy has significant methodological potential to become an important component of the scientific and educational process in current conditions.
INSTITUTIONALIZATION PROBLEMS OF STATE NATIONAL POLICY OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION
Authors: Tetuev Alim I
Published: June 2019

The process of development of state national policy in the Russian Federation at various stages of modernization reforms is analyzed in the article. The author reviews the results of implementation of the Concept of State National Policy of the Russian Federation on institutionalization of interethnic relations and creation of conditions for ethnocultural and ethnopolitical development of

peoples and studies dynamics and tendency of development of interethnic relations at the present stage. The analysis of national processes in the Russian society allows concluding that since the beginning of the 21 st century there has been a trend towards social and political stabilization. However, it must be admitted that in the 1990s, Russian national policy was characterized by a retarded factor and a slow reaction to arising problems and growing conflicts, by a lack of integrated approaches to solving problems. The measures for implementation of the «Strategy of State National Policy of the Russian Federation for the Period until 2025» and the Federal Target Program “Strengthening of the Unity of the Russian Nation and Ethnocultural Development of the Peoples of Russia” are analyzed in the article. The author identifies socio-economic factors that contribute to ethnopolitical tensions in the regions and determines measures for further economic, social and cultural development of the region. An important condition for harmonization of interethnic relations between the peoples of Russia is restoration and strengthening of their interrelations in cultural sphere, strengthening of Russian spirituality, Islamic and Orthodox civilizations
INTERETHNIC RELATIONS IN THE REPUBLIC OF DAGESTAN: STATUS AND TRENDS
Authors: Shakhbanova M M
Published: June 2019

Interethnic relations in the post-Soviet Dagestan society are not stable. A complex of unsolved socio-economic, political, spiritual, and personnel problems, which generally negatively affect the interethnic climate especially in polyethnic administrative formations, contributes to the deterioration of the state of interethnic interactions of the Dagestan peoples. Basing on the results of the sociological survey carried out in the republic to study the state of interethnic tension, the author of the article shows the origin of interethnic conflicts on ethnic grounds in some settlements or municipal formations as the result of the change in the vectors of development of interethnic relations in the modern Dagestan society. In the author’s opinion, the main problem is inability of the republican authorities to prevent effectively interethnic tension in the relations between peoples. The results of the study show that the respondents emphasize the growth of interethnic tension and deterioration of the interethnic climate, but, in spite of this, Dagestan peoples are eager to maintain positive interethnic communication. In the situation of exacerbation of interethnic relations, the state authorities of the republic are to pursue national policy aimed at maintaining interethnic harmony and stability in Dagestan.
THE PEOPLES OF THE NORTH CAUCASUS IN THE RELATIONS OF RUSSIA AND TURKEY IN THE 1770-1790 s
Authors: Kidirniyazov D S
Published: June 2019

The Küçük Kaynardzha Peace Treaty of 1774, which sanctioned joining of Kabardia and Ossetia to Russia and formal independence of the Kuban Nogais, once again confirmed that the solution of the question of the international legal status of the North Caucasus was the prerogative right of great powers and did not belong to the sphere of Russian-Caucasian relations. Since the 1770s, military lines in the form of fortification chains and some Cossack settlements were built in the region. Access to the Black Sea at the end of the 18th century and joining of the Crimea to Russia became important events in international life and politics. They raised the authority of Russia in Europe and at the same time heightened tensions with the Turkish Empire. The people’s liberation movement under Sheikh Mansur’s command caused a massive public outcry in the North Caucasus due to common goals of the local peoples in the liberation struggle. The Treaty of Jassy of 1791 only confirmed the terms of the peace treaty of 1774 without any new territorial changes in the region. During the period under consideration, the Russian authorities hardly took any actions in regards to the local peoples. The actions of the Russian administration in the region did not go beyond external control and encouragement of trade and economic ties between the local population and immigrants from the central provinces of Russia. The control was carried out by the military authorities actively introduced into the geographical area of the region (construction of fortresses, creation of new garrisons and places of deployment of Russian troops). The creation of the civil administration of the region (vicarious authority, government, police force) was also started.
HISTORICAL AND ETHNOGRAPHICAL ASPECTS OF STUDYING DAGESTAN CARPET WEAVING
Authors: Garunova S M
Published: June 2019

The author of the article analyzes the state of the indigent (poor) population of the Republic of Dagestan. The problem is very urgent in the modern period of crisis in our society due to the fact that poverty is the reason for intensification of social contradictions in it, degradation of the population, and complication of the demographic situation. The author of the article presents statistical data on average per capita income of the population of the Dagestan Republic in 2002 - 2013. Since the interval distribution of incomes does not allow to characterize accurately the number of the indigent part of the population, the distribution of income according to the minimum subsistence level is considered. A significant poverty reduction in the Republic of Dagestan during the period under consideration is shown. Besides, the article presents the median per capita income, which is used in western countries and in some republics of the former Soviet Union to estimate the level of poverty. Depending on 40%, 50%, 60% of the median, like in these countries, the relative number of the indigent population in the Republic of Dagestan and in other regions of the North Caucasian Federal District is determined, which makes it possible to determine the level of extreme poverty in the Republic of Dagestan in 2013. The author shows the ratio of the average wage of 10% of employees with the highest wage to 10% of employees with the lowest wage in the institutions of the subjects of the Russian Federation in the North Caucasian Federal District and comes to the conclusion that in 2013 the poverty level in the region was lower than in the Republic of Dagestan.
Capacity Optimization Based on Energy Storage to Restrain Severe Fluctuation of Wind Power
Authors: Fu Xiaolin , Wang Hong , Wang Zhijie , Li Yongxin , Lv Jindu , Jin Ruijiu
Published: June 2019

In order to solve the coordination problem between the economy and the stabilization effect of energy storage system, a capacity optimization model based on energy storage to suppress the violent fluctuation of wind power is proposed, and a multi-objective function with the maximum wind power dissipation capacity and the minimum operating cost of energy storage system is established. Considering the average annual cost and penalty cost of the whole life cycle, an evaluation index with correlation coefficient as the fitting degree is proposed, and the reference power of wind farm grid connection is optimized by particle swarm algorithm. Using the operation data of Qidong Wind Farm in Jiangsu Province, the theoretical validity is verified, the coordination is improved to the greatest extent, and the capacity demand for energy storage system is reduced.
Semejanzas y diferencias sobre el debido proceso en vía administrativa en Colombia, Venezuela y España
Authors: Pérez Martínez Catherine , Zapata Acevedo Valentina , Garzón Amaya Ana María , Ramírez Arredondo Karolayn , Henao Zapata David , Carrillo Osorio Andrés Augusto
Published: June 2019

En el presente artículo se presenta el debido proceso en vía administrativa en los ordenamientos jurídicos de Colombia, España, y Venezuela, cómo se encuentra definido en sus Constituciones, sus mecanismos de protección y aplicación, además se plantea desde la jurisprudencia de cada Estado, así como las opiniones de doctrinantes expertos en la materia, por medio de una investigación documental para dar a conocer esta temática desde todos los puntos anteriores, dejando como resultado que los países objeto de la comparación para encontrar semejanzas y diferencias, terminan por salvaguardarlo como derecho fundamental, de aplicación especial, relevancia y pronta resolución, el cual no puede ser negado a ningún ciudadano como una medida que debe llevar consigo un uso correcto de los procedimientos por parte de la Administración.
El debido proceso en la vía administrativa en Uruguay, Chile y Colombia: análisis comparativo
Authors: Durán Betancurth Daniela , Ramírez Paola Andrea , Fernández Hernández Mayerling , Silva Angélica Milena , Toro Rincón Carolina
Published: June 2019

El presente artículo contiene un análisis comparativo sobre el derecho al debido proceso en la vía administrativa en Colombia, Chile y Uruguay. Pensar de manera comparada un proceso complejo como el “debido proceso” en la vía administrativa, implica pensar que este derecho es un mecanismo que nació para otorgar seguridad jurídica al administrado y, que dicho derecho surgió como parte de una movilización social y política que se consolidó con la idea del Estado Social de Derecho. Por tanto, se realiza una descripción de debido proceso en la vía administrativa a través de la leyes, jurisprudencia, doctrina y concepciones constitucionales de cada país, a fin de entender cómo se desarrolla el debido proceso en cada país, poder establecer semejanzas y diferencias y con ello aportar a la discusión académica sobre esta garantía para el ciudadano.
道桥工程监理中施工质量问题的处理与控制
Authors: 李 洁
Published: June 2019

如今，建筑行业得到了快速的发展，建筑市场也是越来越成熟，作为市场规范化建设的代表，建设监理也是得到了长足的进步，在工程建设方面的作用也是越来越重要。文中主要是针对道桥工程监理进行了研究，分析了如今在质量问题处理时需要遵照的依据以及原则，结合着自身的知识和经验，对道桥工程监理工作的要点进行了分析，提出了一些解决问题的基本方法。
Resenha do livro: Informática e Educação Matemática de autoria de Marcelo de Carvalho Borba e Miriam Godoy Penteado
Authors: Azevedo Nathália De Melo
Published: June 2019

A respectiva obra faz parte da coleção Tendências em Educação Matemática. Voltada para futuros professores e para profissionais da área da Informática que buscam, de diversas formas refletir sobre a Educação Matemática, tendo como princípio que todos podem produzir Matemática, nas suas diferentes expressões apresentando tópicos em Matemática que tenham desenvolvimentos substanciais nas últimas décadas e que podem se transformar em novas tendências curriculares dos ensinos fundamental, médio e universitário.
Los límites del reduccionismo en Química
Authors: Labarca Martín
Published: June 2019

Resumen: La química y la física son disciplinas científicas que abarcan un conjunto específico de teorías, cada una de ellas con sus propios conceptos y leyes. Aunque ambas disciplinas mantienen un estrecho contacto en varios campos, el problema de la relación entre ellas se manifiesta principalmente en los vínculos entre la química molecular y la mecánica cuántica: es en este caso donde generalmente se asume que las entidades químicas, cuando se las analiza en profundidad, no son más que entidades físicas muy complejas. El propósito de este trabajo es mostrar que este supuesto ampliamente compartido no sólo en la comunidad cientifica, sino también, y en general, entre los educadores en química encuentra serios obstáculos cuando se lo analiza a partir de casos concretos de estudio, tanto desde una perspectiva histórica como desde la propia práctica científica.Palabras clave: Reduccionismo; Química molecular; Mecánica cuántica; Educación química. The limits of reductionism in Chemistry Abstract: Chemistry and physics are scientific disciplines that encompass a specific set of theories, each with its own concepts and laws. Although both disciplines maintain a close contact in several fields, the problem of the relationship between them is manifested mainly in the links between molecular chemistry and quantum mechanics: it is in this case that it is generally assumed that chemical entities, when analyzed in depth, are nothing else than extremely complex physical entities. The aim of this work is to show that this assumption widely shared not only in the scientific community, but also, and in general, among chemistry educators, encounters serious obstacles when it is analyzed from concrete cases of study, both from a historical perspective as from the scientific practice itself. Keywords: : Reductionism; Molecular chemistry; Quantum mechanics; Chemistry education.
Uma experiência de produção de videoaula experimental em aulas de Química
Authors: Pires Raissa Cristina , Rezzadori Cristiane Beatriz Dal Bosco
Published: June 2019

Resumo: : A utilização dos telefones celulares em sala de aula com fins pedagógicos é crescente. Neste sentido, a produção de vídeos ganha espaço como ferramenta de ensino ao possibilitar aprendizagem significativa a partir do envolvimento e interesse dos alunos. Assim, este relato visa apresentar uma experiência com a utilização de videoaulas experimentais produzidas por alunos do 3º ano do Ensino Médio de uma escola pública da cidade de Londrina-PR. A produção da videoaula experimental foi baseada em um roteiro elaborado pelos alunos e a coleta de dados foi feita por meio dos vídeos produzidos e de questionário aplicado antes e depois da atividade. A partir da análise dos questionários e vídeos produzidos, podemos inferir que a produção de uma videoaula experimental tem grande efetividade ao facilitar o processo de ensino-aprendizagem, possibilitar as diferentes formas de expressão do aluno, bem como promover a autonomia e protagonismo estudantil.Palavras-chave: Ensino de Química; Produção de Vídeo; Videoaula experimental; Tecnologia da Informação e Comunicação (TIC). An experience of experimental videoaula production in Chemitry classroomsAbstract: : The use of cell phones in the classroom for educational purposes is increasing. Video lessons production gains space as a teaching tool by enabling meaningful learning from the involvement and interest of the students. Thus, it aims to present an experience with experimental video lessons produced by students of the 3rd year of high school in a public school in Londrina-PR. To this end, a theoretical class of concepts was developed and, in sequence, the production of the. The experimental video lessons production was based on a script prepared by the students and the data collection was done through videos produced and some questions were applied before and after the activity. From the analysis of the questionnaires and videos produced, we can infer that the production of experimental video lessons had great effectiveness in facilitating the teaching-learning process, enabling different forms of student expression, as well as promoting student autonomy and protagonism.Keywords: Chemistry teaching; Video production; Experimental video lessons; Information and communication technology.
Расчет предела огнестойкости однослойного стеклопакета
Authors: Дмитриченко Александр , Здитовецкая Светлана , Мамедова Севиндж
Published: June 2019

Проведены расчеты, связанные с распределением температуры и напряжений в однослойном стеклопакете, с учетом температурной зависимости теплофизических характеристик стекла, воздуха и дымовых газов, конструктивных особенностей светопрозрачной конструкции и нелинейного характера изменения температуры окружающей среды при пожаре. Рассчитана зависимость предела огнестойкости по критерию достижения критических напряжений в стеклопакете, приводящих к его разрушению, от толщины панелей.
О влиянии электрического поля на процесс горения
Authors: Ильюшонок Александр , Гончаренко Игорь , Лешенюк Николай , Кулешов Владимир , Терешенков Владимир
Published: June 2019

Дан краткий обзор ряда работ, посвященных исследованию влияния электрического поля на процесс горения.
Модель нормативно предписанного поведения спасателя в условиях боевой работы
Authors: Сергеев Всеволод
Published: June 2019

Представлена модель нормативно предписанного поведения спасателя, позволяющая осуществлять функциональный анализ его действий в условиях боевой работы. Отмечается, что регулятором указанного поведения является так называемый легальный тип контроля. Исследованы механизмы моделирования требуемого поведения посредством нормативных установлений, способы повышения его вероятности, инструменты трансфера поведения в различных ситуациях. Проведено различение паттернов индивидуального поведения, а также его социальных форм, способствующих совокупному эффекту совместных действий спасателей.
A Tecnologia como ferramenta didática no processo de alfabetização de crianças
Authors: Queiroz Michele Gomes de , Brasileiro Filho Samuel
Published: June 2019

O presente estudo procura debater sobre o uso da Tecnologia da Informação e Comunicação (TIC) na ação didática pedagógica de professores alfabetizadores do 2° ano do ensino fundamental. Defende, inicialmente, a necessária conformidade da escola aos tempos modernos, resignificando seu processo educativo. A pesquisa, de cunho exploratório, descreve uma investigação realizada com sete professores alfabetizadores de uma escola pública da rede municipal de Fortaleza que visou explorar as percepções e expectativas destes quanto a temática. Os resultados apontam que, para o professor, articular a ação didática ao uso de ferramentas tecnológicas configura-se numa prática aceitável que contribui na dinamicidade da aula, despertando a curiosidade no aluno ao passo que este se apropria da leitura e da escrita na perspectiva do letramento. O desenvolvimento da pesquisa revelou percalços que entravam a efetivação sistemática da ação didática-pedagógica com auxílio de ferramentas tecnológicas, pois, embora a ideia esteja no discurso dos documentos legais, na intenção do professor e no interesse do estudante, os escassos investimentos públicos não possibilitam a aplicação na prática, e nos remete à reflexão de quais rumos a escola tem tomado na era da modernidade.
Reflexões sobre o ensino tradicionalista de Química e uma comparação entre as ferramentas de ensino: visita técnica e softwares de simulação interativa
Authors: Silva Antonio Caian de Sousa , Monteiro Aldayr de Oliveira , Silva Solonildo Almeida da , Jucá Sandro César Silveira , Pascoal Caio Victor Pereira
Published: June 2019

O ensino de Química no Brasil ainda enfrenta diversos problemas quanto a aprendizagem dessa disciplina e as complicações que a falta de um ambiente laboratorial causa aos alunos.  De fato, o ensino tradicionalista permanece majoritário dentro das escolas públicas e segue causando uma dificuldade visível na maioria dos alunos por não deixar clara a verdadeira lição que a Química traz para o indivíduo social. Deste modo, o presente trabalho teve como objetivo fazer uma reflexão acerca das dificuldades de aprendizagem no ensino de química e a comparação entre duas alternativas pedagógicas de ensino: Visita Técnica e Softwares de Simulação Interativa. Foi realizado um levantamento de 10 artigos que prática docente tradicional e de as novas metodologias mais utilizadas nos últimos 4 anos. Foram seguidas quatro etapas básicas para a escolha dos trabalhos segundo o método de estudo exploratório proposto por Antônio Carlos Gil, em seu livro “Como elaborar projetos de pesquisa”. A partir disto, pode-se notar a quase ineficácia do sistema tradicional de aula, onde o professor utiliza apenas os recursos de fala, pincel e lousa, visto que uma quantidade significativa de estudantes considera a química uma ciência matemática e enfadonha. A visita técnica possibilita uma visão nova de conceitos químicos aplicados ao cotidiano da sociedade, gerando assim, interesse em conhecer e se apropriar de conhecimentos ligados a desenvolvimento industrial. Com o uso de softwares interativos, os alunos puderam ter uma noção de fenômenos do mundo microscópico e assimilaram melhor os conteúdos, criando assim um elo entre a teoria e a prática, tudo isso de forma simples e lúdica. Com isso, este trabalho deixa evidente que a melhora de rendimento dos alunos e da qualidade do processo ensino-aprendizagem só irá ocorrer com a aplicação de novas metodologias como estas, que possibilitaram um completo desenvolvimento das capacidades de abstração e correspondência da química com o cotidiano de cada indivíduo.
Processo de design da formação de professores para a avaliação de materiais didáticos digitais no contexto escolar
Authors: Silva Katia Alexandra de Godoi e , Prado Maria Elizabette Brisola Brito , Dias Fátima Aparecida da Silva
Published: June 2019

O objetivo do presente estudo reside em analisar o processo de design da formação continuada de professores para favorecer a avaliação de materiais didáticos digitais. Para atingir tal objetivo utilizamos a metodologia de Pesquisa Baseada em Design (PBD), a partir de três etapas: diagnóstico, intervenção e análise. Os resultados da articulação dessas três etapas indicam princípios de design, os quais podem trazer contribuições para um design de formação de professores. E, desta forma, trazem indícios de que a avaliação de materiais didáticos digitais, realizada pelo professor, pode ser um ‘eixo central’ do processo de formação.
APPLICATION DRAMA TECHNIQUE IN DEVELOPING SPEAKING OF THE ELEVENTH GRADE STUDENTS OF MAN MAJENE
Authors: Rahman R Abdul
Published: June 2019

This research aims to proof whether the application of drama technique is able to develop students’ speaking skill.The design of this study is experimental design. There were two groups: experimental and control group. The research was conducted at Madrasah Aliah Negeri Majene, and took 40 students as samples. The data were collected by using the pre-test, the treatment, and the post-test. The speaking test administered to the students of experimental and control class. The scores were assessed by three assessors. The data were analyzed and interpreted by using Pearson Product Moment assisted by SPSS 20 (Statistical Package for Service Solution) software program. The result of the research reveals that application of drama technique can be proven to develop students’ speaking skill  and the application of  drama technique develop  students’ speaking skill. The result of the students’ speaking score development from pre-test to post test demonstrates a significant difference. The researcher found that sig.(2 tailed) is 0.000 which is lower than 0.05. The outcome of the students’ speaking development comparison between experimental and control group is 0.025. It means that the development is significant. The application of drama technique developed and improve students’ speaking skill. The finding signifies that application of drama technique is responded positively by the experimental class.
Differences in Muscle Metabolism in Patients With Type I Diabetes – Influence of Gender and Nephropathy Studied by 31P MR Spectroscopy
Authors: SEDIVY P. , DEZORTOVA M. , DROBNY M. , VLASAKOVA Z. , HERYNEK V. , HAJEK M.
Published: June 2019

Type I diabetes mellitus (DM1) is a complex disease with adverse effects on organs and tissues despite compensation by insulin treatment. The goal of our study was to study how kidney diseases change 31P MR parameters of muscle metabolism in DM1 patients with respect to gender. 51 DM1 patients (19 m/14 f without and 13 m/5 f with nephropathy) and 26 (14 m/12 f) healthy volunteers were examined using 31P magnetic resonance spectroscopy at 3T tomograph at rest, and during and after a calf muscle exercise. The exercise consisted of a six-minute plantar flexion using a pedal ergometer followed by a six-minute recovery. It is reflected by reduced relative β-ATP and increased Pi and phosphodiester signals to phosphocreatine (PCr) at rest and prolongation of the PCr recovery time after the exercise. Measurement on healthy volunteers indicated differences between males and females in pH at the rest and after the exercise only. These differences between patients groups were not significant. We have proven that nephropathy affects the metabolism in diabetic patients and our results confirm significant difference between patients with and without nephropathy. Gender differences in pH were observed only between male and female healthy volunteers.
Interactive Effects of Grafting Techniques and Scion-Rootstocks Combinations on Vegetative Growth, Yield and Quality of Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.)
Authors: Noor Rana Shahzad , Wang Zhi , Umair Muhammad , Yaseen Muhammad , Ameen Muhammad , Rehman Shoaib-Ur , Khan Muzammil Usman , Imran Muhammad , Ahmed Waqar , Sun Yong
Published: June 2019

The density of herbaceous crops creates a suitable environment to produce pathogens in the soil that intensify the attack of pathogens traditionally controlled by disinfectant, which are mostly prohibited and unlisted because of their toxicity. Grafting is an alternative technique to enhance abiotic stress tolerance and reduce root diseases due to soil-borne pathogens, thus enhancing crop production. This research study was conducted during the crop season of 2017 and 2018 in order to investigate the interactive effect of different grafting techniques of hybrid scion onto local rootstocks on plants survival, plant phenological growth, fruit yield and fruit quality under a controlled environment. The hybrid cucumber was also planted self-rooted. The cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) cv. Kalaam F1, Syngenta was grafted onto four local cucurbitaceous rootstocks; ridge gourd (Luffa operculate Cogn.), bitter gourd (Momordica charantia L.), pumpkin (Cucurbita pepo L.), bottle gourd (Lagenaria siceraria (Molina) Standl.) using splice grafting, tongue approach, single cotyledon and hole insertion grafting techniques and self-rooted hybrid cucumber under greenhouse conditions. The experimental results indicated that all local cucurbitaceous rootstocks showed a high compatibility with hybrid cucumber scion in the splice grafting method compared to other grafting and non-grafted methods. Lagenaria siceraria rootstocks were found highly compatible with cucumber cv Kalaam scion which gave significantly maximum plant survival rates (95%) due to high sap contents, high SPAD value, better vegetative growth and maximum fruit yield when compared with other rootstocks by employing the splice grafting method followed by tongue approach, single cotyledon and hole insertion grafting while the fruit quality of all rootstocks was observed to be similar. The non-grafted cucumber cv. Kalaam F1 showed significant results of plant vegetative growth, fruit development and fruit quality and encountered grafting methods while the lowest result were associated with the hole insertion grafting method in all scion/rootstock combinations. The grafted plants have no significant effect on cucumber fruit dry matter and fruit quality while the fruit mineral compositions (N, P, K, Ca and Mg) were higher among grafted and non-grafted plant fruits. The results indicate that grafting hybrid cucumber onto four local cucurbitaceous rootstocks influenced growth, yield and fruit quality. Grafting can be alternative and control measure for soil-borne disease and to enhance cucumber production.
Dilemmas for Natural Living Concepts of Zoo Animal Welfare
Authors: Learmonth Mark James
Published: June 2019

This ethical discourse specifically deals with dilemmas encountered within zoological institutions, namely for the concept of natural living, and a new term—wilding. It is agreed by some that zoos are not ethically wrong in principle, but there are currently some contradictions and ethical concerns for zoos in practice. Natural living is a complicated concept, facing multiple criticisms. Not all natural behaviours, nor natural environments, are to the benefit of animals in a captive setting, and practical application of the natural living concept has flaws. Expression of natural behaviours does not necessarily indicate positive well-being of an animal. Herein it is suggested that highly-motivated behaviours may be a better term to properly explain behaviours of more significance to captive animals. Wilding refers to extrapolation of the natural living concept to treating an animal as wild, residing in a wild habitat. This definition is intrinsically problematic, as quite literally by definition, captivity is not a wild nor natural environment. Treating a captive animal exactly the same as a wild counterpart is practically impossible for many species in a few ways. This article discusses complexities of natural living versus natural aesthetics as judged by humans, as well as the possibility of innate preference for naturalness within animals. Zoos nobly strive to keep wild animals as natural and undomesticated as possible. Here it is argued that unintended and unavoidable genetic and epigenetic drift favouring adaptations for life in a captive environment may still occur, despite our best efforts to prevent this from occurring. This article further discusses the blurred lines between natural and unnatural behaviours, and the overlaps with more important highly-motivated behaviours, which may be better predictors of positive affective states in captive animals, and thus, better predictors of positive well-being and welfare. Finally, as we are now in the Anthropocene era, it is suggested that human-animal interactions could actually be considered natural in a way, and notwithstanding, be very important to animals that initiate these interactions, especially for “a life worth living”.
Characterization of a Lytic Bacteriophage as an Antimicrobial Agent for Biocontrol of Shiga Toxin-Producing Escherichia coli O145 Strains
Authors: Liao Yen-Te , Salvador Alexandra , Harden Leslie A. , Liu Fang , Lavenburg Valerie M. , Li Robert W. , Wu Vivian C. H.
Published: June 2019

Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) O145 is one of the most prevalent non-O157 serogroups associated with foodborne outbreaks. Lytic phages are a potential alternative to antibiotics in combatting bacterial pathogens. In this study, we characterized a Siphoviridae phage lytic against STEC O145 strains as a novel antimicrobial agent. Escherichia phage vB_EcoS-Ro145clw (Ro145clw) was isolated and purified prior to physiological and genomic characterization. Then, in vitro antimicrobial activity against an outbreak strain, E. coli O145:H28, was evaluated. Ro145clw is a double-stranded DNA phage with a genome 42,031 bp in length. Of the 67 genes identified in the genome, 21 were annotated with functional proteins, none of which were stx genes. Ro145clw had a latent period of 21 min and a burst size of 192 phages per infected cell. The phage could sustain a wide range of pH (pH 3 to pH 10) and temperatures (−80 °C to −73 °C). Ro145clw was able to reduce E. coli O145:H28 in lysogeny broth by approximately 5 log at 37 °C in four hours. These findings indicate that the Ro145clw phage is a promising antimicrobial agent that can be used to control E. coli O145 in adverse pH and temperature conditions.
Phenolic Profile and Antioxidant Activity of Italian Monovarietal Extra Virgin Olive Oils
Authors: Negro Carmine , Aprile Alessio , Luvisi Andrea , Nicolì Francesca , Nutricati Eliana , Vergine Marzia , Miceli Antonio , Blando Federica , Sabella Erika , De Bellis Luigi
Published: June 2019

In the last years, the interest in Italian monovarietal oils has increased due to their specific organoleptic qualities. Extra virgin olive oils (EVOOs) are rich in phenolic compounds, secondary metabolites well known and studied for their nutraceutical properties. However, among EVOOs, there is great variability in phenolic composition due to the origin, the production technique, and mainly, the genotype. The aim of this work was to evaluate the different phenolic profiles and the antioxidant activities of monovarietal oils. The results confirm this variability. In fact, the overall content of oleuropein varies up to four times between the different genotypes (from 33.80 to 152.32 mg/kg oil), while the oleocanthal content is significant only in two oils. The antioxidant activity, determined with 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) assays, is correlated with the content of total phenolic substances, with half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) values for the DPPH test ranging from 160 to 91 mg of oil, while the ORAC test shows values between 5.45 and 8.03 μmol Trolox equivalent (TE)/g oil.
Non-Pungent n-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid (PUFA)-Derived Capsaicin Analogues as Potential Functional Ingredients with Antioxidant and Carbohydrate-Hydrolysing Enzyme Inhibitory Activities
Authors: Leporini Mariarosaria , Loizzo Monica Rosa , Tundis Rosa , La Torre Chiara , Fazio Alessia , Plastina Pierluigi
Published: June 2019

N-Eicosapentaenoyl vanillylamine (EPVA) and N-docosahexaenoyl vanillylamine (DHVA), derived from n-3 polyunsaturated eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), respectively, were studied for their potential antioxidant and carbohydrate-hydrolysing enzyme inhibitory activities together with capsaicin and the corresponding n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs). The antioxidant potential was evaluated by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay, 2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid (ABTS) assay, β-carotene bleaching test, and ferric reducing ability power (FRAP). In the ABTS assay the following trend of potency could be observed EPVA > DHVA ≥ capsaicin. In addition, except for the FRAP test, all samples showed a greater activity than the positive controls used as reference compounds in the antioxidant assays. Both EPVA and DHVA showed half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) values much lower than acarbose, which was used as the reference drug in the carbohydrate-hydrolysing enzyme inhibitory activity assays. It is interesting to note that structural changes in capsaicin derivatives had higher impacts on α-glucosidase than on α-amylase inhibition. Taken together, our data suggest that both EPVA and DHVA, which are not limited in compliance-related considerations with respect to capsaicin, due to absence of pungency, could be proposed as functional ingredients for the development of products for the management of type II diabetes and border-line hyperglycaemic patients.
Power Quality Disturbance Classification Based on DWT and Multilayer Perceptron Extreme Learning Machine
Authors: Wang Jidong , Xu Zhilin , Che Yanbo
Published: June 2019

In order to effectively identify complex power quality disturbances, a power quality disturbance classification method based on empirical wavelet transform and a multi-layer perceptron extreme learning machine (ELM) is proposed. The model uses the discrete wavelet transform (DWT) multi-resolution method to extract classification features. Combined with hierarchical ELM (H-ELM) characteristics, the particle swarm optimization (PSO) single-object feature selection method is used to select the optimal feature set. The hidden layer of the H-ELM classifier in the model is trained by forward training. Once the previous layer is established, the weight of the current layer can be fixed without fine-tuning. Therefore, the training speed can be accelerated, the recognition accuracy is almost independent of the parameter adjustment, and the model has strong robustness. In order to solve the problem of data imbalance in the actual power system, a data enhancement method is proposed to reduce the impact of data imbalance and enhance the generalization performance of the network. The simulation results showed that the proposed method can identify 16 disturbances efficiently and accurately under different noise conditions, and the robustness of the proposed method is verified by the measured data.
RETRACTED: Image Super-Resolution Algorithm Based on Dual-Channel Convolutional Neural Networks
Authors: Chen Yuantao , Wang Jin , Chen Xi , Sangaiah Arun , Yang Kai , Cao Zhouhong
Published: June 2019

For the image super-resolution method from a single channel, it is difficult to achieve both fast convergence and high-quality texture restoration. By mitigating the weaknesses of existing methods, the present paper proposes an image super-resolution algorithm based on dual-channel convolutional neural networks (DCCNN). The novel structure of the network model was divided into a deep channel and a shallow channel. The deep channel was used to extract the detailed texture information from the original image, while the shallow channel was mainly used to recover the overall outline of the original image. Firstly, the residual block was adjusted in the feature extraction stage, and the nonlinear mapping ability of the network was enhanced. The feature mapping dimension was reduced, and the effective features of the image were obtained. In the up-sampling stage, the parameters of the deconvolutional kernel were adjusted, and high-frequency signal loss was decreased. The high-resolution feature space could be rebuilt recursively using long-term and short-term memory blocks during the reconstruction stage, further enhancing the recovery of texture information. Secondly, the convolutional kernel was adjusted in the shallow channel to reduce the parameters, ensuring that the overall outline of the image was restored and that the network converged rapidly. Finally, the dual-channel loss function was jointly optimized to enhance the feature-fitting ability in order to obtain the final high-resolution image output. Using the improved algorithm, the network converged more rapidly, the image edge and texture reconstruction effect were obviously improved, and the Peak Signal-to-Noise Ratio (PSNR) and structural similarity were also superior to those of other solutions.