bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Perancangan Aplikasi E-contract Pada Platform Manga Toon Berbasis Web Pada Manga Toon HK Limited
Authors: Maesaroh Siti , Rifai Danang , Dewi Dyah Shafira
Published: October 2020

Pada zaman industri 4.0, banyak aplikasi atau web yang menyediakan layanan baca komik dan novel secara online, baik berbentuk e-book, aplikasi, maupun web yang memang menyediakan layanan tersebut. Manga Toon adalah salah satu platform penyedia layanan baca komik, novel, dan menonton anime online internasional. Manga Toon juga menyediakan tempat baca novel karya penulis lokal yang bebas dibaca dimanapun dan kapanpun. Author novel yang meng-upload karya memiliki kesempatan bisa mendapatkan penghasilan dari karya tersebut. Namun, sistem penerimaan kontrak di Manga Toon masih semi-komputerisasi, karena masih menghubungi author melalui nomor whatsapp yang sejak awal didaftarkan saat meng-upload karya, lalu menginput data ke surat kontrak secara manual yang dilakukan oleh admin. Kegiatan ini memakan waktu yang cukup banyak sehingga proses pembuatan surat kontrak dan pengiriman kembali surat kontrak yang sudah di approve terhambat. Dengan permasalahan tersebut, maka penulis melakukan analisa melalui beberapa metode pengumpulan data, dengan melakukan kegiatan magang/observasi, melakukan wawancara dan metode studi pustaka untuk menemukan solusi dari permasalahan yang terjadi pada penerimaan kontrak novel di aplikasi Manga Toon. Penulis akan menganalisis dengan menggunakan metode PIECES. Selanjutnya, desain sistem yang dibuat berjalan menggunakan Unified Modeling Language (UML) diantaranya menggunakan Use Case Diagram dan menggunakan Activity Diagram. Dalam hal ini, penulis menganalisa sistem kontrak pada aplikasi Manga Toon diharapkan dapat menggunakan sistem dalam penginputan data ke surat kontrak.
Perancangan Sistem Iinformasi Pengarsipan Berkas Berbasis Web Pada PT. DUTA ABADI PRIMANTARA
Authors: Roza Yuni , Hanum Gilang Kartika , Amiasputra Ardinda
Published: October 2020

Perkembangan teknologi yang berbasis komputerisasi berperan penting sebagai alat mengarsipkan dokumen salah satunya surat masuk, serta dapat membantu memecahkan masalah. Bahwasanya kehadiran teknologi komputer sangat dibutuhkan oleh para pemimpin dalam suatu organisasi atau perusahaan untuk pengambilan keputusan yang dapat dipertanggung jawabkan. Penyimpanan arsip yang dilakukan oleh para manager secara komputerisasi lebih efektif dan efisien dari sebelumnya dengan menggunakan penyimpanan secara manual. Penyimpanan secara komputerisasi ini dapat diproses dengan cepat dan dalam pencariannya tidak membutuhkan waktu yang lama, sehingga informasi yang dibutuhkan oleh para manager dapat segera ditampilkan. Selain itu, penyimpanan secara komputerisasi dapat merawat dokumen karena penyimpanannya yang secara digital. Proses pengarsipan yang berjalan saat ini bersifat semi komputerisasi masih menggunakan buku agenda dan Microsoft Excel. Adapun kendala yang sering terjadi yaitu adanya beberapa kesalahan fatal salah satunya yang sangat krusial adalah redudansi yang mengakibatkan penomoran tidak sesuai dan lama durasi pada proses pencarian dokumen, resiko ruang penyimpanan yang tidak aman akibatnya berkas hilang. Metode penelitian yang dilakukan oleh peneliti melalui tahap observasi, studi pustaka, dan analisa (SWOT). Maka pada akhirnya rancangan sistem yang telah diciptakan dapat membantu karyawan dalam proses pengarsipan, serta dalam pencarian berkas jauh lebih cepat dan ringkas maupun ruang penyimpanannya terjamin aman karena karyawan saja yang dapat mengakses sistem tersebut. Kata Kunci : Usulan, Pengarsipan,SWOT,perusahaan.
Sistem Pengelolaan Uang Kas Infaq Secara Online, Studi Kasus Infaq Yayasan Al-Bahjah Tangerang
Authors: Martono Aris , Budiman Ramdani , Romadhon Muhamad
Published: October 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membangun system pengelolaan uang kas infaq pada yayasan. Yayasan Al-Bahjah sebagai lembaga sosial keagamaan, dimana seluruh pencatatan donasi masih menggunakan microsoft excel, salah satu yang menjadi kendala ketika ada donatur yang membayar infaq secara transfer tetapi tidak melakukan konfirmasi pembayaran infaq. Pengurus terkadang tidak melakukan pencatatan karena tidak ada notifikasi pemasukan, dikarenakan rekening Al-Bahjah Tangerang dipegang oleh pengurus al-Bahjah pusat di Cirebon. Dengan kondisi seperti ini pengurusAl-Bahjah Tangerang kesulitan ketika ingin mendapatkan informasi mutasi secara real time dan pada akhirnya ketika di laporan rekap bulanan terkadang tidak balance antara pencatatan dan uang yang ada di rekening. Oleh karenanya dibangun system pengelolaan uang kas infaq berbasis web untuk pembayaran donasi secara online. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode analisis PIECES dan perancangan sistem menggunakan Unified Modeling Language, hasil dari penelitian ini adalah aplikasi pembayaran infaq secara online dengan notifikasi ke pengurus melalui media tertentu.
Karakteristik Geokimia Basalt Busur Gunungapi Tholeitik Formasi Manamas di Sungai Metan, Baun, Timor
Authors: Widiatama Angga Jati , Santy Lauti Dwita , Wahyudiono Joko , Widyastuti Sari , Rahmatillah Lia Fitria
Published: October 2020

Lava basalt berstruktur bantal tersingkap di Sungai Metan, Baun, Timor, yang termasuk dalam anggota batuan gunung api Formasi Manamas. Penelitian geokimia batuan dilakukan menggunakan metode analisis XRF dan ICP-MS menunjukkan basalt memiliki karakteristik basalt subalkalin, bersifat tholeitik yang terbentuk pada busur gunungapi tholeitik akibat penunjaman Lempeng Samudera Hindia di bawah Busur Banda yang berumur Miosen-Pliosen. Basalt subalkali di Sungai Metan menunjukkan pengayaan unsur logam dan unsur large ion lithophile (LILE) yang dipengaruhi fluida, ditunjukkan oleh adanya hubungan positif antar unsur logam jejak mudah bergerak. Pengayaan yang dipengaruhi oleh fluida ditafsirkan sebagai produk akibat meleburnya lempeng samudera yang menunjam di bawah busur gunung api.Katakunci: Basalt, busur tholeitik, Sungai Metan, Formasi Manamas, Timor.
Karakteristik dan Lingkungan Pengendapan Batubara Formasi Tanjung di Daerah Batulicin, Kalimantan Selatan
Authors: Sutjipto Rachmat Heryanto
Published: October 2020

Hasil analisis petrografi organik batubara Formasi Tanjung di daerah Batulicin menunjukkan bahwa vitrinit lebih berkembang dalam percontoh batubara di bagian timur daerah penelitian (65,2-80,0%) daripada di bagian barat (50,6-54,6%). Kandungan maseral eksinit pada percontoh batubara di bagian barat (14,4-38,2%) relatif lebih besar daripada kandungan eksinit di bagian timur daerah penelitian (6,4-17,6%). Kandungan maseral inertinit pada percontoh batubara di bagian barat (6,6-22,2%) relatif lebih besar daripada kandungan inertinit di bagian timur (0,6-5,4%). Nilai reflektansi vitrinit rata-rata (Rv) di bagian timur (0,50-0,53%) lebih besar daripada bagian barat (0,48-0,49%), disebabkan oleh adanya terobosan batuan diorit dan telah mengalami pensesaran. Peringkat seluruh batubara tersebut adalah subbituminus B, berdasarkan klasifikasi ASTM. Lingkungan pengendapan percontoh batubara dari bagian barat dengan nilai TPI (0,19-0,68) dan GI (2,37-8.27), terendapkan dalam lingkungan limnic sampai dengan limno-telmatic atau dataran delta bawah, sedangkan percontoh batubara dari bagian timur dengan nilai TPI (0,38-5,03) dan GI (13,6-133,3) terendapkan pada lingkungan limno-telmatic sampai telmatic atau dalam lingkungan dataran delta bawah hingga atas. Kesemuanya  dalam kondisi genang laut.Katakunci : batubara, maseral, Formasi Tanjung, Cekungan Asam-asam.
Kohti uutta keskustelutilannetta
Authors: Tervonen Ilkka
Published: October 2020

Artikkelissa tarkastellaan aikuiskasvatuksen/-koulutuksen terminologian, käsitesisältöjen ja toiminnan luonteen ja lähtökohtien muuttumista viimeisen neljännesvuosisadan aikana. Artikkelissa esitetään, ettei julkisen vallan vaikutuksen lisääntyminen aikuiskasvatuksen kehittämistoimintaan ole ollut pelkästään myönteistä. Alan terminologian kehitys viittaa osaltaan myös reaalisiin muutoksiin tieteen, sivistystyön ja valtiollisen koulutuspolitiikan keskinäisissä suhteissa. Sivistystyön käytännöllä nähdään olevan kolme erilaista lähtökohtaa: sivistystyön sisäiset, julkisen vallan ja tieteen lähtökohdat. Nämä lähtökohdat poikkeavat toisistaan ratkaisevasti; ei voi olla tieteellistä aikuiskasvatuspolitiikkaa eikä parlamentaarista aikuiskasvatustiedettä.
Streptococcus iniae associated mass marine fish kill off Western Australia
Authors: Young EJ , Bannister J , Buller NB , Vaughan-Higgins RJ , Stephens NS , Whiting SD , Yeap L , Miller TL , Warren KS
Published: October 2020

Streptococcus iniae causes high mortality in cultured and wild fish stocks globally. Since the first report in captive Amazon river dolphins Inia geoffrensis in 1976, it has emerged in finfish across all continents except Antarctica. In March 2016, an estimated 17000 fish were observed dead and dying along a remote 70 km stretch of the Kimberley coastline north of Broome, Western Australia. Affected species included finfish (lionfish Pterois volitans, angelfish Pomacanthus sp., stripey snapper Lutjanus carponotatus, sand bass Psammoperca waigiensis, yellowtail grunter Amniataba caudavittata, damselfish Pomacentridae sp.), flatback sea turtles Natator depressus, and olive (Aipysurus laevis) and black-ringed (Hydrelaps darwiniensis) sea snakes. Moribund fish collected during the event exhibited exophthalmia and abnormal behaviour, such as spiralling on the surface or within the water column. Subsequent histopathological examination of 2 fish species revealed bacterial septicaemia with chains of Gram-positive cocci seen in multiple organs and within brain tissue. S. iniae was isolated and identified by bacterial culture, species-specific PCR, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption Ionisation Time-Of-Flight (MALDI-TOF) and biochemical testing. This is the first report of S. iniae associated with a major multi-species wild marine fish kill in Australia. Extreme weather events in the region including a marked decrease in water temperatures, followed by an extended period of above-average coastal water temperatures, were implicated as stressors potentially contributing to this outbreak.
Steroid Diagnostics of 21st Century in the Light of Their New Roles and Analytical Tools
Authors: DUŠKOVÁ M. , KOLÁTOROVÁ L. , ŠIMKOVÁ M. , ŠRÁMKOVÁ M. , MALÍKOVÁ M. , HORÁČKOVÁ L. , VÍTKŮ J. , STÁRKA L.
Published: October 2020

The determination of steroid hormones and subsequent interpretation of results is accompanied by a range of difficulties. The amount of information that current technology can provide on the circulating concentrations of more than a hundred various steroid compounds can lead to problems with interpretation. The aim of this study is to help provide orientation in this maze of data on steroid hormones. First we focus on specific aspects arising from the pre-analytical phase of steroid determination that need to be considered when planning sampling, whether for diagnostics or research. Then, we provide a brief summary of the characteristics and diagnostic relevance of several steroid hormones and/or their metabolites: pregnenolone, 17α-hydroxy-pregnenolone, dehydroepiandrosterone, hydroxyderivatives of dehydroepiandrosterone, androstenedione, testosterone, estrone, estradiol, estriol, cortisol, cortisone, which in our institute are determined with validated LC-MS/MS methods. For these steroids, we also provide newly calculated reference values in fertile women according to the phase of their menstrual cycle.
Insights Into the Physiology of C-peptide
Authors: VEJRAZKOVA D. , VANKOVA M. , LUKASOVA P. , VCELAK J. , BENDLOVA B.
Published: October 2020

Current knowledge suggests a complex role of C-peptide in human physiology, but its mechanism of action is only partially understood. The effects of C-peptide appear to be variable depending on the target tissue, physiological environment, its combination with other bioactive molecules such as insulin, or depending on its concentration. It is apparent that C-peptide has therapeutic potential for the treatment of vascular and nervous damage caused by type 1 or late type 2 diabetes mellitus. The question remains whether the effect is mediated by the receptor, the existence of which is still uncertain, or whether an alternative non-receptor-mediated mechanism is responsible. The Institute of Endocrinology in Prague has been paying much attention to the issue of C-peptide and its metabolic effect since the 1980s. The RIA methodology of human C-peptide determination was introduced here and transferred to commercial production. By long-term monitoring of C-peptide oGTT-derived indices, the Institute has contributed to elucidating the pathophysiology of glucose tolerance disorders. This review summarizes the current knowledge of C-peptide physiology and highlights the contributions of the Institute of Endocrinology to this issue.
The Effect of Specific Balance Training Exercises for Preventing Falls among Elderly Women
Authors: Kvietkutė Ieva , Dudonienė Vilma
Published: October 2020

All European countries are experiencing significant ageing of the population. As the lifespan of the population increases, so does the prevalence of falls. Falls in older adults are a major public health concern and a main cause of morbidity and disability. More than one-third of persons 65 years of age or older fall each year, and in half of such cases the falls are recurrent. It is very important to maintain physical activity and independence in daily activities in elderly persons as well as to apply appropriate preventive means as soon as possible. Various interventions may be used to promote health, enhance quality life and reduce falls in elderly people: exercises, home modifications, appropriate footwear and walking aids. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of specific balance training exercises for preventing falls among elderly women. Twenty eight women aged 55–75 years participated in the study. The subjects were randomly divided into two groups: exercise (n = 14, mean age 67.9 ± 6.13 years) and control (n = 14, mean age 68.9 ± 5.31). Exercise group women performed specific – Cawthorne-Cooksey balance training exercises for 4 weeks, 5 times a week. Cawthorne-Cooksey exercises consisted of moving head in sitting and standing positions with eyes open or closed, exercises on a balance platform, and walking around. One training session lasted for 30-35 minutes. No exercise was performed in the control group. Static and dynamic balance was assessed using the Berg Balance Scale, Functional Reach Test, and Tinetti Balance Scale, walking speed was assessed using Timed Up and Go Test. Risk for falls was assessed using Desmond Fall Risk Questionnaire [4]. Subjects were evaluated twice: before and after applying exercise program. More than 50% of women have had a fall in the past years, difficulty walking in the dark or on uneven surfaces, they have experienced loss of balance or a light-headed feeling standing up, and they could not walk a straight line. Only 29% of subjects participated in a regular exercise programme. The results of Berg Balance Scale, Functional Reach Test, Tinetti Balance Scale, Timed Up and Go Test did not differ between groups before applying specific exercise program. Specific exercises significantly improved patients’ static and dynamic balance, reach functions and walking speed, while in the control group the results of all performed tests had tendency to decline. Specific Cawthorne-Cooksey balance training exercises are effective (p < 0.05) in improving balance and preventing falls in elderly women.Keywords: falls, elderly age, balance, risk of falls.
The Influence of Kinesio Taping on the Increase of Effort Tolerance in Patients after Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy
Authors: Krajczy Marcin , Szczegielniak Jan , Bogacz Katarzyna , Luniewski Jacek
Published: October 2020

Physiotherapy in patients after laparoscopic cholecystectomy (CHL) is impeded by post-operative pain which causes a decline in patients’ activity, reduces respiratory muscle function and affects patients’ ability to look after themselves. The aim of this study was to assess the influence of Kinesio Taping (KT) on the increase in effort tolerance in patients after laparoscopic cholecystectomy. The task of the research was to compare results of 100-meter walk test in test group and control group before surgery, during and after physiotherapy. The research included 63 patients after CHL treated in General Surgery Department of Hospital in Nysa. Both test group (BA) and control group (KO) included randomly selected volunteers who met test qualification criteria. BA group consisted of 32 patients (26 females and 6 males), KO group consisted of 31 patients (22 females and 9 males). Both groups were subjected to complex physiotherapy and group BA had additional KT applications. The results were subjected to statistical analysis with the use of U MannWhitney test. The level of statistical significance was established at p < 0.05. The results showed that in the test conducted before surgery the level of median time recorded in the 100-meter test did not differ significantly between the two research groups. In further tests, the 100-meter walk test time was significantly shorter in the test group in comparison with the patients from the control group. Conclusion: The improvement in effort tolerance observed in the research indicates the efficiency of Kinesio Taping as a method complementing physiotherapy in patients after laparoscopic cholecystectomy.Keywords: Kinesio Taping, laparoscopic cholecystectomy, physiotherapy.
Evaluation of Surface Hygiene of the Surrounding Objects in a University Hospital
Authors: Petruševičienė Daiva , Gierasimovič Zita , Gailienė Greta , Lendraitienė Eglė , Mingaila Sigitas
Published: October 2020

Research background. Hygiene of the surfaces means a clean environment of a hospital, especially that of a patient, which consists of constant basic cleaning and disinfection. The registration, analysis and storage of data on cleaning, disinfecting the surrounding objects is a successful stage in ensuring clean surfaces. The registration of documents and the cleaning and disinfecting schedule help to determine the tender spots in the surface cleaning. It makes easy to establish the surface hygiene violations, participation of the nursing and auxiliary staff in disinfecting the surfaces, problems related to the surface disinfection, and make the analysis of the mistakes made easier. The aim of the study. To assess a 2009–2011 hygienic preparation of medical surfaces, which have an effect on the transmission of the hospital-acquired infection, and the efficiency of the preventative measures. Methods. The survey was conducted in university hospital in 2009–2011. To evaluate the surface hygiene of the environmental objects the test of the remains of biological contamination was chosen using the chemical means HemoCheck-S™. The accuracy of the test is 0.1 µq of the remains of biological contamination on the surfaces under investigation. The results are evaluated by calculating the amount of denatured biological contamination from the highest concentration to 0. The surface contamination is evaluated in points from “0” to “5”, where “0” is no contamination (medical surface is fully prepared for a procedure), and “5” is maximum contamination (100 µq, maximum contamination shown by the HemoCheck-S™ test). Results. Investigation shows that the surfaces belonging to the low-risk group are contaminated most heavily. The analysis of the investigations carried out during three years leads us to the conclusion that during the time of cleaning the surface, the staff fails to observe the sequence and do not change soft inventory (napkins) intended for cleaning. This is testified by presence of biological contamination in the low-risk group: switch-boards on the patients’ beds, cupboards and drip mounts. Conclusions. Insufficient hygiene of high, medium risk and often touched surfaces and surfaces of nursing measures was established. The inadequate preparation of the medical surfaces was most often made in the Intensive Care Intensive Therapy units.Keywords: hygienic preparation; medical surfaces; the hospital-acquired infection.
Gait Training Methods and ChangesiIn Gait Parameters in Parkinson`s Disease (Literature Review)
Authors: Stuopelytė Aušra , Šakalienė Rasa
Published: October 2020

Parkinson’s disease is a chronic progressive neurological disorder that can impact function to a variable degree. Changes in gait parameters are the most common signs of Parkinson’s disease. Patients with Parkinson’s disease walk with a reduced step length, step time, walking velocity and walking cadence, increased stride cycle time, coefficient of variation of the step amplitude and step time and increased risk to fall. So, various gait training methods are applied. The effect of rhythmic auditory stimulation on gait in Parkinson’s disease patients is analysed. We can use various kinds of music, metronome, scansion and clapping as a rhythmic auditory stimulation.One of gait training methods in Parkinson’s disease patients is treadmill training. There are attempts to combine treadmill training with transcranial magnetic stimulation and virtual reality. We can use Nordic walking method and because walking technique requires straight posture, trunk rotation, bigger step and heel stride. More often robot–assisted gait training is used in patients with Parkinson’s disease gait training. The effect of dual–tasking and walking with music methods for gait and balance training in patients with Parkinson’s disease is also analysed. This method requires participants to perform primary and secondary tasks at the same time. The secondary task can be cognitive or motor. Dual–tasking is widely analysed because opinions about applying this method are very controversial. Walking with music method is more often analysed in scientific literature. This method could not be compared to rhythmic auditory stimulation method because the latter requires precise walking to rhythm and walking with music method is oriented to emotional component (music is chosen according patients’ music taste). As these methods are applied, we can see an increase in chosen walking and maximal walking velocities, step length and time, distance covered, and decrease in the coefficient of variation of the step time and turning time.Keywords: Gait impairments, walking velocity, rhythmic auditory stimulation.
Changes in Functional Status of Patients who Have Had a Stroke during Rehabilitation
Authors: Žiliukas Geriuldas , Drungilienė Danguole , Sudmantienė Daiva , Minelga Gintautas
Published: October 2020

The aim was to evaluate changes in functional status of patients who have had a stroke during rehabilitation. The sample consisted of 103 patients who have had a stroke and were treated in the section of rehabilitation; 62% of subjects were female, and 38% – male. Subjects ranged in age from 51 to 78 years, and mean age was 68 years. The methods of scientific research: problems in everyday activities were assessed using Barthel index test, cognitive disorders were assessed using the short mental status examination test. We carried out a retrospective analysis of clinical cases of rehabilitated patients, adjusted for age, gender, place of residence, and diagnosis of the disease. Investigations were carried out twice: upon arrival at upon leaving the section of rehabilitation. Because of rehabilitation, the functional status of patients who have had a stroke improved in the total group from 53.6 to 77.3 scores (p < 0.001). Complications reported during in-patient rehabilitation aggravated and worsened the functional status both at the beginning of rehabilitation (42.4 scores) and later (56.9 scores), while the overall functional status improved during the course of rehabilitation. Integrated rehabilitation had an effect for recovery of cognitive functions: using rehabilitation measures a cognitive function improved in 4.8 points at the end of in-patient rehabilitation (p < 0.001). The best improvement was in subject’s concentration, memory, and orientation in time and place.Keywords: stroke, functional status, rehabilitation.
British Evangelicals and German Pietists Promoting Revival through the Work of the Bible and Tract Societies in Hungary
Authors: Kovács Ábrahám
Published: October 2020

This article demonstrates how British evangelicals, German pietists, and Hungarian Protestants sought to ‘educate’ the masses outside the educational framework of ecclesiastical and state structures within the Hungarian Kingdom in the nineteenth century. More specifically the study intends to offer a concise overview of the history of Protestants who spread the gospel through the distribution of affordable Bibles, New Testaments and Christian tracts. It shows how various denominations worked together and directs attention to their theological outlook which transcended ethnic boundaries. It is a well-known fact in mission and church history that such undertakings were carried out to stir revivalism. The study also throws light on the influential role the Scottish Mission, as well as Archduchess Maria Dorothea, played in stirring revivalism through the aforementioned means. The history of these endeavours, especially those of the British and Foreign Bible Society and Religious Tract Society, has not been treated adequately by intellectual historians, social historians or historians of religion and education. This account adds to scholarly understanding of the multi-ethnic and trans-denominational work of international Protestantism in Central Europe.
Comparative Analysis of the Algorithm for Calculating the h-Index and Its Modifications
Authors: Gerasimenko Petr
Published: October 2020

Introduction. The article presents a comparative analysis of existing algorithms for calculating the h-index and a number of its modifications that use the same basic idea or make use of its algorithm as the starting point. What makes the study relevant is the significant demand for a better approach to assessing the publication activity of researchers over the existing h-index algorithm.
Methods. The study looks at the following 7 indexes that assess a researcher’s scientific output: h-index; g-index (by Leo Egghe); j-index (the Mikhailov index); gh-index; hp-index; ghp-index; w-index. The main method used in the study is analysis; other formal logic methods that were also used in the study include synthesis, classification, deduction, and induction.
Results and Discussion. The quantitative and qualitative indicators proposed in the article were used to carry out the compar-ative analysis of the algorithms behind all of the aforementioned indexes. One common feature of all these algorithms is that they all rely on the basic h-index procedure, while the difference is the degree to which each index takes into account all the publications and citations of a specific researcher. It was established that only the algorithms used in the gh-, hp-, and ghp-indexes take into account the entire set of a given author’s publications. Meanwhile, the gh-index should best be regarded as an index of basic publications (it establishes the significance of the researcher’s publications), while the hp-index is best viewed as a measure of the intensity of the researcher’s work. As far as the ghp-index is concerned, it should only be used in situations in which the gh- or hp-indexes produce the same results. Amongst the algorithms for all the indexes reviewed in the article, the ones that best reflect a researcher’s achievements are the gh-, hp-, and ghp-indexes, but they are somewhat more complex than the h-, g- и j-indexes.
Conclusion. The analysis we carried out should make it possible to select the best algorithm depending on the complexity of the distribution of citations of published papers in order to achieve the desired level of assessment of a researcher’s publications.
Comparative Transcriptomics Reveals the Molecular Genetic Basis of Cave Adaptability in Sinocyclocheilus Fish Species
Authors: Zhao Yincheng , Chen Hongyu , Li Chunqing , Chen Shanyuan , Xiao Heng
Published: October 2020

Cavefish evolved a series of distinct survival mechanisms for adaptation to cave habitat. Such mechanisms include loss of eyesight and pigmentation, sensitive sensory organs, unique dietary preferences, and predation behavior. Thus, it is of great interest to understand the mechanisms underlying these adaptability traits of troglobites. The teleost genus Sinocyclocheilus (Cypriniformes: Cyprinidae) is endemic to China and has more than 70 species reported (including over 30 cavefish species). High species diversity and diverse phenotypes make the Sinocyclocheilus as an outstanding model for studying speciation and adaptive evolution. In this study, we conducted a comparative transcriptomics study on the brain tissues of two Sinocyclocheilus species (surface-dwelling species – Sinocyclocheilus malacopterus and semi-cave-dwelling species – Sinocyclocheilus rhinocerous living in the same water body. A total of 425,188,768 clean reads were generated, which contributed to 102,839 Unigenes. Bioinformatic analysis revealed a total of 3,289 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between two species Comparing to S. malacopterus, 2,598 and 691 DEGs were found to be respectively, down-regulated and up-regulated in S. rhinocerous. Furthermore, it is also found tens of DEGs related to cave adaptability such as insulin secretion regulation (MafA, MafB, MafK, BRSK, and CDK16) and troglomorphic traits formation (CEP290, nmnat1, coasy, and pqbp1) in the cave-dwelling S. rhinocerous. Interestingly, most of the DEGs were found to be down-regulated in cavefish species and this trend of DEGs expression was confirmed through qPCR experiments. This study would provide an appropriate genetic basis for future studies on the formation of troglomorphic traits and adaptability characters of troglobites, and improve our understanding of mechanisms of cave adaptation.
Diversity and Local Coadaptation of Escherichia coli and Coliphages From Small Ruminants
Authors: Molina Felipe , Simancas Alfredo , Tabla Rafael , Gómez Antonia , Roa Isidro , Rebollo José Emilio
Published: October 2020

Bacteriophages are highly specific predators that drive bacterial diversity through coevolution while striking tradeoffs among preserving host populations for long-term exploitation and increasing their virulence, structural stability, or host range. Escherichia coli and other coliform bacteria present in the microbiota of milk and during early ripening of raw milk cheeses have been linked to the production of gas, manifested by the appearance of eyes, and the development of off-flavors; thus, they might cause early blowing and cheese spoilage. Here, we report the characterization of coliphages isolated from manure from small ruminant farms and E. coli strains isolated from goat and sheep raw milk cheese. Additionally, the virulence and host range of locally isolated and laboratory collection phages were determined by comparing the susceptibility of E. coli strains from different sources. In agreement with the high genetic diversity found within the species E. coli, clustering analysis of whole-cell protein revealed a total of 13 distinct profiles but none of the raw milk cheese isolates showed inhibition of growth by reference or water-isolated coliphages. Conversely, 10 newly isolated phages had a broad host range (i.e., able to lyse ≥50% of bacterial hosts tested), thus exhibiting utility for biocontrol and only one cheese-isolated E. coli strain was resistant to all the phages. Whereas there was a high positive correlation between bacterial susceptibility range and lysis intensity, the phages virulence decreased as range increased until reaching a plateau. These results suggest local gene-for-gene coevolution between hosts and phages with selective tradeoffs for both resistance and competitive ability of the bacteria and host-range extension and virulence of the phage populations. Hence, different phage cocktail formulations might be required when devising long-term and short-term biocontrol strategies.
Knockdown of lncRNA LINC01234 Suppresses the Tumorigenesis of Liver Cancer via Sponging miR-513a-5p
Authors: Xu Wen , Li Kesang , Song Changfeng , Wang Xiaotong , Li Yueqi , Xu Baixue , Liang Xin , Deng Wanli , Wang Junqing , Liu Jianwen
Published: October 2020

Background

Liver cancer is a frequent malignancy with poor prognosis and high mortality all over the world. It has been reported many lncRNAs could modulate the tumorigenesis of liver cancer. To identify novel potential targets for liver cancer, the differential expressed lncRNAs between liver cancer and adjacent normal tissues was analyzed with bioinformatics tool.

Methods

The differential expressed lncRNAs between liver cancer and adjacent normal tissues were analyzed with bioinformatics tool. Cell viability and proliferation was tested by CCK8 and Ki67, respectively. Apoptosis of liver cancer cells was tested by flow cytometry. Gene and protein expressions in liver cancer cells were measured by qRT-PCR and western blot, respectively. In vivo model of liver cancer was established to detect the effect of LINC01234 on liver cancer in vivo.

Results

LINC01234 was found to be negatively correlated with the survival rate of patients with liver cancer. Moreover, knockdown of LINC01234 significantly suppressed the proliferation and invasion of liver cancer cells via inducing the apoptosis. Meanwhile, miR-513a-5p was sponged by LINC01234, and USP4 was found to be a direct target of miR-513a-5p. In addition, LINC01234 knockdown inhibited the tumorigenesis of liver cancer via inactivating TGF-β signaling. Furthermore, silencing of LINC01234 notably inhibited the tumor growth of liver cancer in vivo.

Conclusion

Downregulation of LINC01234 could inhibit the tumorigenesis of liver cancer via mediation of miR-513a-5p/USP4/TGF-β axis. Thus, LINC01234 might serve as a new target for the treatment of liver cancer.
Long-Term Effects of the Application of Urban Waste Compost and Other Organic Amendments on Solanum tuberosum L.
Authors: Escobedo-Monge María Antonieta , Aparicio Santiago , Escobedo-Monge Marlene Fabiola , Marugán-Miguelsanz José Manuel
Published: October 2020

Background: In a Mediterranean agrosystem of low productivity, a study was carried out on the effects of municipal solid waste compost (MSWC) compared to other organic and inorganic amendments on the production, quality and yield of three potato varieties (Solanum tuberosum L.) and an advanced clone. Method: Simultaneously, the agronomic and nutritional parameters of the potato crop, the degree of bioavailability and the possible risks of heavy metal contamination were studied. Results: Two stages are observed in the yield and content of macro, micronutrients and heavy metals. The addition of all amendments and especially that of urban waste compost increased potato production and the content of macronutrients, micronutrients and heavy metals in the soils of all varieties, showing a progressive accumulation in tubers. Nevertheless, the performance is not maintained over time with a notable decrease during the second stage of its application. Conclusion: Highlighting the potato clone A7677 not only in its performance but also in the concentration of iron, zinc, copper, essential micronutrients for human consumption and especially for populations deficient in these trace elements.
Supplementing Nitrogen in Combination with Rhizobium Inoculation and Soil Mulch in Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) Production System: Part I. Effects on Productivity, Soil Moisture, and Nutrient Dynamics
Authors: Mondal Mousumi , Skalicky Milan , Garai Sourav , Hossain Akbar , Sarkar Sukamal , Banerjee Hirak , Kundu Rajib , Brestic Marian , Barutcular Celaleddin , Erman Murat , EL Sabagh Ayman , Laing Alison M.
Published: October 2020

Peanuts (Arachis hypogaea L.) are the world’s fourth-most important source of edible oil and the third-most valuable source of high-quality vegetable protein; they also contain carbohydrates, fatty acids, vitamins, and minerals essential for good human nutrition. Peanuts area particularly valuable crop in tropical and subtropical regions. While the demand for peanuts is increasing globally, there is a significant gap in nitrogen supply and demand in peanut production systems. To alleviate this, nitrogen fertilizers are often applied indiscriminately; this practice leads to the deterioration of indigenous soil fertility and to a long-term decline in crop productivity. Considering these aspects of soil health, a field study was conducted over two consecutive winter (November–March) seasons in 2015–2016 and 2016–2017 at the research farm of the agricultural university Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya in West Bengal, India. This study examined supplementing different levels of nitrogen fertilizer with rhizobium and soil mulch in an irrigated peanut crop. The effects of these management interventions were evaluated in terms of crop productivity, nutrient dynamics, soil moisture, and the soil microbial activity. Peanuts grown with the 100% recommended dose of nitrogen, which was applied with rhizobium and grown under polythene mulching, recorded the highest average pod yield (3.87 and 3.96 t ha−1 in 2015–2016 and 2016–2017) and average kernel yield (2.88 and 2.99 t ha−1) in both growing seasons. This treatment also resulted in the greatest accumulation of nitrogen, phosphorous, and potassium by the peanut plants. In contrast, the maximum soil moisture distribution and the greatest total root zone moisture content were observed in the treatment with only rhizobium under the polythene mulch (i.e., no nitrogen was applied). The populations of soil bacteria and rhizobia were highest in the treatment where nitrogen fertilizer was applied to the crop at 75% of the recommended rate combined with rhizobium and under polythene mulch. After two cropping seasons, the peanut crop grown under polythene mulch with rhizobium and with nitrogen fertilizer applied at either the full recommended rate or 75% of this rate performed best in terms of crop productivity, soil nutrient dynamics, and soil moisture.
Development of the Mata Hari Judas Queen (Felis catus)
Authors: Murray Peter J. , Rogie Melanie , Fraser Natalie , Hoy Julia , Kempster Samantha
Published: October 2020

Cats (Felis catus) are significant predators of mammals, birds, frogs and reptiles and are implicated in mammal species extinctions in Australia. Current controls fail to eradicate entire populations allowing survivors to re-establish. The use of the Mata Hari Judas (MHJ) technique, i.e., inducing prolonged oestrus using hormone implants, can enhance the eradication of remnant animals and would greatly improve conservation efforts. The hypotheses tested were that hormone implants could induce prolonged oestrus in queens (adult female cats), and that prolonging oestrus would result in sustained attractiveness to toms (adult male cats). Queens (n = 14) were randomly allocated to five treatments including a control and four treatments using hormone implants. Queens were observed daily; alone and during indirect contact with a tom for 30 consecutive days. There were significant increases (p < 0.001) in oestrus duration (19 to 27 days) for entire and ovariohysterectomised queens given Compudose100™ implants (1/8 or 1/4 implant). This study shows that it is possible to induce and prolong oestrus in queens using Compudose100™ implants where these queens are attractive to toms. The MHJ queen is a new tool with the potential to enhance the detection and thus the control of feral cats in remnant populations.
Effects of Optimal Carbohydrase Mixtures on Nutrient Digestibility and Digestible Energy of Corn- and Wheat-Based Diets in Growing Pigs
Authors: Zhang Shunfen , Zhong Ruqing , Gao Lixiang , Liu Zhengqun , Chen Liang , Zhang Hongfu
Published: October 2020

This study aimed to evaluate the effects of optimal carbohydrase mixture (OCM) on macronutrients and amino acid digestibility and the digestible energy (DE) in growing pigs fed the corn-soybean meal-based diet (CSM) and the wheat-soybean meal-based diet (WSM). A total of 36 ileal-cannulated pigs (50.9 ± 4.9 kg initial body weight) were allotted to four dietary treatments randomly, which included CSM and WSM diets, and two diets supplied with corresponding OCM. These OCMs were screened using an in vitro method from our previous study. After the five day adaptation period, fecal samples were collected from d six to seven, and ileal digesta samples were collected on d 8 and 10. Chromic oxide was added as an indigestible marker. The results show that the addition of OCM improved the apparent ileal digestibility (AID) of dry matter (DM), ash, carbohydrate (CHO), neutral detergent fiber, and gross energy (GE) and the apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) of DM, CHO, and GE in CSM diet (p < 0.05), but reduced the apparent hindgut disappearance (AHD) of DM in CSM diet (p < 0.05). The ATTD of DM, crude protein (CP), ether extract (EE), ash, and GE and the AHD of DM, CP, EE, ash, CHO, and GE in WSM diet were improved by the OCM addition (p < 0.05), whereas the AID of DM, CP, ash, CHO, and GE were decreased (p < 0.05). The respective DE contents in CSM and WSM diets were increased from 15.45 to 15.74 MJ/kg and 15.03 to 15.49 MJ/kg under the effects of OCM (p < 0.05). Similar to the trend of AID of CP, the OCM addition increased the AID and standardized ileal digestibility (SID) of Ile, Thr, and Cys in CSM diet, but decreased the AID and SID of Ile, Phe, Thr, Val, Ala, Pro, Ser, and Tyr in WSM diet. In conclusion, the OCMs screened by an in vitro method could improve the total tract nutrient digestibility and DE for pigs fed corn-based diet or wheat-based diet but had inconsistent effects on the ileal digestibility of nutrients and energy.
Optimized Approaches for the Induction of Putative Canine Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells from Old Fibroblasts Using Synthetic RNAs
Authors: Kim Mirae , Hwang Seon-Ung , Yoon Junchul David , Jeong Yeon Woo , Kim Eunhye , Hyun Sang-Hwan
Published: October 2020

Canine induced pluripotent stem cells (ciPSCs) can provide great potential for regenerative veterinary medicine. Several reports have described the generation of canine somatic cell-derived iPSCs; however, none have described the canine somatic cell reprogramming using a non-integrating and self-replicating RNA transfection method. The purpose of this study was to investigate the optimal strategy using this approach and characterize the transition stage of ciPSCs. In this study, fibroblasts obtained from a 13-year-old dog were reprogrammed using a non-integrating Venezuelan equine encephalitis (VEE) RNA virus replicon, which has four reprogramming factors (collectively referred to as T7-VEE-OKS-iG and comprised of hOct4, hKlf4, hSox2, and hGlis1) and co-transfected with the T7-VEE-OKS-iG RNA and B18R mRNA for 4 h. One day after the final transfection, the cells were selected with puromycin (0.5 µg/mL) until day 10. After about 25 days, putative ciPSC colonies were identified showing TRA-1-60 expression and alkaline phosphatase activity. To determine the optimal culture conditions, the basic fibroblast growth factor in the culture medium was replaced with a modified medium supplemented with murine leukemia inhibitory factor (mLIF) and two kinase inhibitors (2i), PD0325901(MEK1/2 inhibitor) and CHIR99021 (GSK3β inhibitor). The derived colonies showed resemblance to naïve iPSCs in their morphology (dome-shaped) and are dependent on mLIF and 2i condition to maintain an undifferentiated phenotype. The expression of endogenous pluripotency markers such as Oct4, Nanog, and Rex1 transcripts were confirmed, suggesting that induced ciPSCs were in the late intermediate stage of reprogramming. In conclusion, the non-integrating and self-replicating VEE RNA replicon system can potentially make a great contribution to the generation of clinically applicable ciPSCs, and the findings of this study suggest a new method to utilize the VEE RNA approach for canine somatic cell reprogramming.
Assessment of Fermented Soybean Meal on Salmonella typhimurium Infection in Neonatal Turkey Poults
Authors: Morales-Mena Arantxa , Martínez-González Sergio , Teague Kyle D. , Graham Lucas E. , Señas-Cuesta Roberto , Vuong Christine N. , Lester Howard , Hernandez-Patlan Daniel , Solis-Cruz Bruno , Fuente-Martinez Benjamin , Hernandez-Velasco Xochitl , Hargis Billy M. , Tellez-Isaias Guillermo
Published: October 2020

This study’s objective was to evaluate the effect of the fermented soybean meal (FSBM) on Salmonella typhimurium (ST) to turkey poults using two models of infection. In the prophylactic model, one-day-old turkeys were randomly allocated to one of four different groups (n = 30 turkeys/group): (1) Control group, (2) FSBM group, (3) Control group challenged with ST (Control + ST), and (4) FSBM group challenged with ST (FSBM + ST). On day 9 of age, all poults were orally challenged with 106 colony forming units (CFU) ST and 24 h post-inoculation, intestinal samples were collected to determine ST recovery and morphometric analysis. Blood samples were collected to evaluate serum fluorescein isothiocyanate-dextran (FITC-d). In the therapeutic model, a similar experimental design was used, but turkeys were orally gavaged 104 CFU ST on day 1, and samples were collected at day 7. FSBM improved performance and reduced leaky gut in both experimental infective models. In the prophylactic model, FSBB induced morphology changes in the mucosa. Although the strains (Lactobacillus salivarius and Bacillus licheniformis) used for the fermentation process showed in vitro activity against ST, no significant effect was observed in vivo. The fermentation with different beneficial bacteria and different inclusion rates of FSBM requires further investigation.
Anaplasmosis Outbreak in Lambs: First Report Causing Carcass Condemnation
Authors: Lacasta Delia , Ferrer Luis Miguel , Sanz Santiago , Labanda Raquel , González José María , Benito Alfredo Ángel , Ruiz Héctor , Rodríguez-Largo Ana , Ramos Juan José
Published: October 2020

In spring and summer 2020, six outbreaks of condemnation of jaundiced lamb carcasses were diagnosed in different farms in Aragón region, Spain. Anaplasma ovis was identified in all affected farms. Four hundred and ninety-two lambs from two affected farms were more closely examined. Clinical examination, haematologies, biochemistries, histopathology and microbiological and molecular analyses were performed. After slaughter, 34.84% of the lambs showed jaundiced carcasses and 79.64% presented splenomegaly at the abattoir. All tested lambs with icteric carcasses showed positive A. ovis PCR, although 72.72% of the unaffected lambs also tested positive. However, the bacterial load was significantly higher in the animals that showed jaundiced carcasses (Cq: 25.00 vs 26.16; p = 0.004). Moreover, all the tested lambs that showed severe anaemia were PCR positive. On the contrary, the PCR negative lambs did not show anaemia. Lambs that presented icteric carcasses displayed severe regenerative anaemia with significantly lower erythrocyte count (7.18 vs. 11.97), haematocrit (26.89 vs. 34.82) and haemoglobin (8.50 vs. 11.10) than unaffected lambs. Reticulocyte count (18.80 vs. 5.65) was also significantly increased in affected animals. This article describes a new disorder caused by Anaplasma ovis that is producing significant economic losses associated with the carcass condemnation of apparently healthy lamb.