bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Yohannes II (r. May 10, 1769 – October 15, 1769)
Authors: Bekele Shiferaw
Published: July 2020

The knowledge of the reign of Yohannes II (r. May 10, 1769–October 15, 1769) is so far based on a brief account in Bruce’s book. This account, however, contains errors (that Yohannes II was poisoned to death). This paper brings to light an Ethiopian document (a brief contemporary chronicle) on the short-lived reign of this man. It is published with a translation and annotation.On the basis of a careful examination of the chronicle and the other fragmentary information we obtain from Salt, we conclude in this paper that firstly Yohannes was not poisoned to death (he rather died a natural death) and secondly the story of the amputation of his arm by Bekfa should at best be treated with caution because there is evidence that throws doubt on its veracity.
Das Mäṣḥafä fälasfa ṭäbiban und sein Verhältnis zu griechischen und arabischen Gnomensammlungen
Authors: Pietruschka Ute
Published: July 2020

The Mäṣḥafä fälasfa ṭäbiban (The Book of the Wise Philosophers) is the only literary work in Gǝʿǝz which can be reckoned among philosophical literature in the strict sense of the word. It is a translation of a Christian Arabic gnomologium, entitled Kitāb al-Bustān, which dates from the 16th century CE. The present article discusses previous studies in the Mäṣḥafä fälasfa ṭäbiban and deals with the lines of tradition of  Arabic collections of sayings going back to Greek gnomologia. The Arabic original of the Mäṣḥafä fälasfa ṭäbiban was compiled about the end of the 10th century CE and contains besides sayings of Greek and Persian origin also doxographical material. The view concerning the central role of Ḥunain ibn Isḥāq’s Nawādir al-falāsifa in the tradition of sayings in the Kitāb al-Bustān, must be revised. An edition and a detailed comparison of the Kitāb al-Bustān with other Arabic and Greek gnomologia are still to be expected, and the question how the Christian gnomologium and thus the Ethiopic Mäṣḥafä fälasfa ṭäbiban are to be placed in the Hellenistic tradition of gnomologia, is still to be established.
12.–14. Oktober 2001 in Essen (Deutschland): 7. Wissenschaftliche Tagung des Orbis Aethiopicus
Authors: Priess Maija
Published: July 2020

Conference Review
Ein frommes Wort- und Schriftspiel auf einer Münze des Negus Gersem
Authors: Breyer Francis Amadeus Karl
Published: July 2020

Miscellaneous Article
The Israel Prize awarded to Olga Kapeliuk
Authors: Team Editorial
Published: July 2020

Personalia
Rainer Voigt (Hrsg.): Die äthiopischen Studien im 20. Jahrhundert/Ethiopian Studies in the 20th Century. Akten der internationalen Tagung Berlin 22. bis 24. Juli 2000
Authors: Weninger Stefan
Published: July 2020

Review
Dena Freeman - Alula Pankhurst (eds.): Peripheral People. The Excluded Minorities of Ethiopia
Authors: Abbink Jon
Published: July 2020

Review
Elias Yemane: Amharic and Ethiopic Onomastics. a Classical Ethiopian Legacy, Concept and Ingenuity
Authors: Weninger Stefan
Published: July 2020

Review
Manuel Joao Ramos - Isabel Boavida (eds.): The Indigenous and the Foreign in Christian Ethiopian Art – On Portuguese-Ethiopian Contacts in the 16th–17th Centuries. Papers from the Fifth International Conference on the History of Ethiopian Art (Arrabida)
Authors: Biasio Elisabeth
Published: July 2020

Review
Gianfranco Lusini: Ascensione di Isaia, Concordanza della versione etiopica
Authors: Zuurmond Rochus
Published: July 2020

Review
Das Kʾabeena – Deskriptive Grammatik einer hochlandostkuschitischen Sprache
Authors: Crass Joachim
Published: July 2020

Dissertation Abstract
Report on the Vth International Conference of the Society for the Study of Ethiopian Jewry (SOSTEJE) held at the Addis Abeba University 13–15 October 2004
Authors: Trevisan Semi Emanuela
Published: July 2020

Conference Report
PERSFEKTIF SIYÂSAH SYAR’IYYAH TENTANG DARURAT NEGARA DALAM PENANGANAN PANDEMI COVID-19
Authors: Rizal Lutfi Fahrul
Published: July 2020

AbstractTransmission of the Covid-19 epidemic is a State problem categorized in the defense aspect in the public health sector. Covid-19's handling policy as a health emergency accompanied by a civil emergency policy is considered inappropriate, with reasons for interpretation, problem context, situation, conditions and ways of handling that are completely different. The research method used is Normative-Empirical, which combines facts with legal events that have been arranged in such a way in the context of the problem under study, using the Live Case Study approach, which is a review of cases or the implementation of regulations into events that are still ongoing until now this. The handling of Covid-19 requires serious collaboration between the Government and the people, in Siyasah al-Syar'iyyah this problem can be categorized as a form of jihad. On the one hand the Government must take an appropriate decision and policy for the benefit of the community and on the one hand the community is required to show the attitude of obedience and discipline in carrying out the policies that have been set, by ruling out political primodialism, religious fanaistem and others. AbstrakPenularan wabah Covid 19 merupakan permasalahan Negara yang dikate­gori­kan pada aspek pertahanan pada bidang kesehatan masya­rakat. Kebijakan pe­na­­nganan Covid-19 sebagai keadaan darurat kese­hatan yang didampingi de­n­g­an kebijakan darurat sipil dinilai kurang tepat, dengan alasan interpretasi, kon­teks masalah, situasi, kondisi dan cara penanganan yang berbeda sama sekali. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu Normatif-Empiris, yakni meng­gabung­kan antara fakta dengan peristiwa hukum yang telah diatur sedemikian rupa dalam konteks permasalahan yang dikaji, dengan menggunakan pende­ka­tan Live Case Study, yakni penelaahan terhadap kasus atau implementasi per­atu­ran ke dalam peristiwa yang masih berjalan sampai dengan saat ini. Pena­nga­nan Covid-19 membutuhkan kerjasama yang serius antara Pemerintah ber­sama dengan rakyat, dalam Siyasah al-Syar’iyyah masa­lah ini dapat dika­tego­ri­kan se­ba­gai bentuk jihad. Pada satu sisi Peme­rintah harus mengambil sebuah ke­­pu­tusan dan kebijakan yang tepat demi kemaslahatan masyarakat dan pada satu sisi pula masya­rakat ditun­tut untuk menunjukkan sikap keta’atan dan ke­di­­­siplinan dalam men­jalanakan kebijakan yang telah ditetapkan tersebut, de­ng­an menge­sampingkan primodialisme politik, fanaistem agama dan yang lain­nya.
STRATEGI ANTISIPASI OVER KAPASITAS LAPAS SUATU REFLEKSI ATAS KEBIJAKAN PENCEGAHAN PENYEBARAN COVID-19
Authors: Arsheldon Samuel , Simanjuntak Supriardoyo , Benuf Kornelius
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe release policy of prisoners and children in the context of preventing and overcoming the spread of Covid-19, raises the pros and cons in the community. For those who are contra, this policy is considered inappropriate because it is considered to be able to add to unrest in the midst of a community that is suffering from a pandemic. This research discusses the problem of the prisoner-based prisoner release policy, and will provide a solution to the main problem facing Indonesia today, which is over-capacity prison. The research method used is normative juridical using secondary data, in the form of primary and secondary legal materials, obtained through literature study analyzed descriptively analytically. Based on the research results, it is known that if there are still at least two additional conditions, assimilation and integration are applied; Provision of assimilation and integration must involve super­visory judges and observers to be asked for their consideration and Risk Assessment. Furthermore, in the long term, in anticipating overcapacity in community institutions, it will immediately pass the Criminal Code Bill that has the concept of Criminal and Criminal Individualization, which is expected to be able to provide protection and welfare for the community and still pay attention to the interests of criminal offenders  AbstrakKebijakan pembebasan narapidana dan anak dalam rangka pencegahan dan penang­gulangan penyebaran Covid-19, menimbulkan pro-kontra di tengah masyarakat. Bagi kalangan yang Kontra, kebijakan ini dinilai kurang tepat karena dianggap dapat menam­bah keresahan di tengah-tengah masyarakat yang sedang terpuruk akibat pandemi. Penelitian ini membahas permasalahan tentang kebijakan pembebasan warga binaan pemasyarakatan, dan akan memberikan solusi terhadap permasalahan utama yang dihadapi Indonesia saat ini yaitu over kapasitas Lapas. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode yuridis normatif dengan meng­gunakan data sekunder, berupa bahan hukum primer dan sekunder, yang diperoleh melalui studi kepustakaan dianalisis secara deskriptif analitis. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diketahui bahwa apabila tetap diber­lakukan asimilasi dan integrasi setidaknya ada dua syarat tambah­an yaitu; Pemberian asimilasi dan integrasi harus melibatkan hakim pengawas dan pengamat untuk dimintai pertimbangannya dan Risk Assessment (penakaran resiko). Selanjutnya untuk jangka panjang dalam mengantisipasi over kapasitas di lembaga pemasyarakat maka segera mengesahkan RUU KUHP yang mempunyai konsep Individu­ali­sasi Pidana dan Pemi­dana­an  yang diharapkan mampu memberikan perlin­dung­an dan kesejahteraan masyarakat serta tetap memperhatikan kepen­tingan pelaku tindak pidana.
Administrasi Islam Memandang Kebijakan Negara Dalam Melindungi Hak Milik Pribadi Dan Umum
Authors: Hakim Cipta Lukmanul , Muttaqin Aip Zaenal
Published: July 2020

The purpose of this study is to determine the state's protection of ownership both individual ownership and general ownership. The method used in this research is to use literature studies. After conducting a review of various information found that in Islam economic arrangements are regulated in the Qur'an and the Sunnah of the Prophet Muhammad. Then the Islamic economy does not run alone as understanding or other conventional economic concepts. the focus of Islamic economic studies or Islamic economics one of which is regarding the ownership of property. In Islam ownership is very flexible unlike capitalism which emphasizes freedom or socialism which forbids individual ownership. In the level of individual ownership, Islam really values and even protects it. More than that ownership in Islam can be more beneficial for others so that ownership does not depend on just one person. Instruments in the ownership of individual Islam accommodate through various things such as: the management of orphans' property, the distribution of inheritance, the obligation to pay zakat.
Cultural adaptation of Infant Feeding Intentions Scale (IFI) for pregnant women in Brazil
Authors: Góes Fernanda Garcia Bezerra , Ledo Beatriz Cabral , Santos Andressa Silva Torres dos , Pereira-Ávila Fernanda Maria Vieira , Silva Aline Cerqueira Santos Santana da , Christoffel Marialda Moreira
Published: July 2020

ABSTRACT Objectives: to translate and culturally adapt the Infant Feeding Intentions Scale for pregnant women in Brazil. Methods: methodological study that included stages of translation, synthesis, face and content validation, back translation and semantic assessment. In the face and content and semantic validation stages, we used the Content Validity Index for individual items and for the overall scale for clarity and representativeness. Results: nine (100.0%) experts participated in face and content validation, and the average index obtained was 85.0% for representativeness. In the semantic assessment, performed with 31 (100.0%) pregnant women, the tool was considered clear, obtaining an average index of 91.0%. Conclusions: the Brazilian version of the scale was considered representative and clear. After assessing psychometric properties, the scale is expected to be valid and reliable to assess maternal intention to breastfeed exclusively until the infant’s six months of life in different Brazilian settings.
Presumption of sexual abuse in children and adolescents: vulnerability of pregnancy before 14 years
Authors: Silva Ana Jéssica Cassimiro da , Trindade Ruth França Cizino da , Oliveira Larissa Lages Ferrer de
Published: July 2020

ABSTRACT Objectives: to investigate the presumption of sexual abuse through the records of live births with mothers up to 13 years of age. Methods: this is a quantitative study, with an ecological design, carried out in Maceió, with data from the Brazilian Live Birth Information System from 2009 to 2017, based on Law 12,015/2009, on sexual crimes against the vulnerable, applying the presumption of violence in children under 14 years old. Results: nine hundred fifty-three births of children with mothers aged 10 to 13 years were recorded; 1.3% were reported as victims of sexual abuse; 20.3% declared to be married or living in a stable relationship. Records were concentrated in 04 neighborhoods, Guaxuma, Benedito Bentes, Tabuleiro do Martins, and Jacintinho. Conclusions: there was a prevalence of pregnancy and marriage in girls under 14 years of age and scarcity of reporting presumed sexual abuse by health professionals.
AS APRENDIZAGENS RITMADAS PELAS CRIANÇAS: Batucando na Escola Viva Olho do Tempo (João Pessoa, PB)
Authors: Mendonça Karla Jeniffer Rodrigues , Pires Flávia Ferreira
Published: July 2020

RESUMO: Este artigo tem como objeto analisar as relações de aprendizagem na infância no contexto educacional da Escola Viva Olho do Tempo (EVOT), uma Organização da Sociedade Civil de Interesse Público localizada na área rural de João Pessoa, Paraíba, na qual as crianças se envolvem na prática do batuque como proposta pedagógica. Para isso enlaçamos, de forma interdisciplinar, teorias que tratam da aprendizagem na infância e da aprendizagem na prática. Nesse emaranhado, baseadas em uma observação participante e atentas às ações e percepções das crianças, tratamos categorias sentidas e emergidas na pesquisa de campo: participação, autonomia, desenvolvimento e crescimento no/com o corpo. Concluimos que as ações entendidas pelas crianças que implicam “aprender sozinho” e ¨se garantir” se misturam aos vínculos conflituosos (re) nascidos nas relações intra e intergeracionais e com as coisas (sobretudo os instrumentos) no ambiente. São nessas relações que as crianças desconstroem a noção adultocêntrica associada à relação ensinar-aprender.
Corpo e paradigma da imunização: reflexões sobre território, saúde e gênero a partir da metáfora do sangue
Authors: Rodrigues Carlos Alberto Bizarro , Schramm Fermin Roland
Published: July 2020

RESUMO Este trabalho pretende contribuir para a reflexão sobre o corpo no desenvolvimento do Estado-Nação entre o século XIX e o início do século XX tendo a metáfora do sangue como como chave heurística e referencial de análise. A escolha desse período se deu por sua importância política, econômica e social para os Estados Modernos. Nestes, os dispositivos biopolíticos e de biopoder, engendrados pelo paradigma da imunização e por intermédio das teorias higienistas e eugenistas misturadas à linguagem de germes e de genes, concorreram para que a noção de fronteira nacional ultrapassasse o limite territorial. Nesse entendimento, o Estado-Nação, visto por meio da metáfora do sangue, pode auxiliar a compreensão dos dispositivos biopolítico-imunitários na sua construção identitária. Tais dispositivos, agindo sobre os corpos, integraram-se à agenda nacionalista de algumas ex-colônias desde sua dimensão geográfica até o âmbito da vida privada. Nesse contexto, os discursos biomédico, científico, político e moral se confundiram, fundamentando um conjunto de comportamentos, crenças e saberes sobre o corpo e o território que cooperaram com seus projetos nacionalistas. Por fim, o objetivo deste artigo foi ilustrar, por meio da metáfora do sangue, que a polissemia do termo ‘sangue’ no discurso dominante do paradigma da imunização do final do século XIX e do início do século XX consolidava os debates sobre cidadania, naturalização e inclusão em países como Austrália, Estados Unidos e Brasil.
O Itinerário Terapêutico no Brasil: revisão sistemática e metassíntese a partir das concepções negativa e positiva de saúde
Authors: Demétrio Fran , Santana Elvira Rodrigues de , Pereira-Santos Marcos
Published: July 2020

RESUMO A compreensão de como as pessoas procuram ajuda para resolver suas demandas ou problemas de saúde tem sido cada vez mais o foco de pesquisas. Objetiva-se analisar a produção científica nacional que aborda os Itinerários Terapêuticos (IT) a partir das concepções negativa e positiva de saúde. Foram pesquisados estudos na Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde, no período de 2008 a 2019. O metaestudo teve como objetivo interpretar e resumir os resultados. Foram identificados 224 estudos, e 50 foram selecionados. O principal núcleo de interesse na abordagem teórica considerou a doença/problema como disparador para a busca de terapêutica. Observa-se o predomínio de estudos com alto rigor metodológico e que usaram entrevistas e análise de conteúdo para produção de dados. Os resultados dos estudos revelam os sentidos que os sujeitos atribuem ao processo saúde-doença-cuidado. Entre as redes de apoio aos IT, destacam-se a família e os serviços de saúde. A resolutividade do sistema formal e a integralidade do cuidado também foram analisadas. Conclui-se que a ampliação de referenciais de análise e as perspectivas teóricas nos estudos sobre IT, a exemplo da concepção positiva de saúde, podem contribuir para a efetividade da integralidade e a eficácia simbólica no cuidado em saúde.
Processo educativo do núcleo ampliado de saúde da família na atenção à hipertensão e diabetes
Authors: Bezerra Hassyla Maria de Carvalho , Gomes Mariana Farias , Oliveira Sydia Rosana de Araújo , Cesse Eduarda Ângela Pessoa
Published: July 2020

Resumo Objetivou-se avaliar o processo educativo realizado pelo Núcleo Ampliado de Saúde da Família e Atenção Básica na atenção à hipertensão arterial sistêmica e diabetes mellitus em Recife, Pernambuco. Foi realizada uma pesquisa avaliativa orientada pela teoria educacional de Paulo Freire, com elaboração de um modelo teórico. Participaram do estudo quatro profissionais do Núcleo Ampliado de Saúde da Família e Atenção Básica, onze profissionais da Estratégia Saúde da Família e dez usuários com hipertensão e/ou diabetes. Foram realizados grupos focais e os dados coletados, entre novembro de 2018 e fevereiro de 2019, foram submetidos à análise de conteúdo. Evidenciou-se a coexistência do uso pelos profissionais das concepções bancária e problematizadora. Foram identificadas práticas verticalizadas e pouco dialogadas pelos profissionais, bem como uma visão curativista e medicalocêntrica nos discursos dos usuários. Observou-se também ações transformadoras no processo de trabalho dos profissionais e relatos de melhorias das condições de saúde dos usuários participantes dos grupos educativos. Além disso, o incentivo pela busca de direitos durante as ações educativas levou à conquista da implantação do Programa Academia da Cidade no território. Esses achados revelam o poder de transformação das ações educativas quando se tornam participativas e construídas com base nas experiências e necessidades da população.
A cor do Homem Nu: impasses de uma periferia branca diante do modernismo (Paraná, 1953)
Authors: ALVES BENNO WARKEN
Published: July 2020

RESUMO Em meados dos anos 1950, a construção de um monumento em Curitiba colocou a elite local diante de um impasse: como ser moderno, no Brasil do pós-guerra, sem deixar de ser branco? Concebido como parte das comemorações de cem anos de criação do Paraná, o monumento do centenário deveria dominar a praça do Centro Cívico - um conjunto administrativo moderno projetado para simbolizar a súbita transformação do Paraná em um dos estados mais ricos da federação. Os 21 gigantes de pedra que formariam o monumento, entretanto, acabaram sendo reduzidos a apenas um, o Homem Nu, obra dos escultores Erbo Stenzel e Humberto Cozzo. Neste artigo, analiso os sentidos relacionados à adaptação, construção e repercussão do monumento do Homem Nu, incluindo os atritos entre agentes locais e profissionais de vanguarda (e outros nem tanto) que trabalhavam no Rio de Janeiro. Procuro mostrar os esforços de uma fração da elite empenhada em atualizar sua região periférica seguindo os ditames de um movimento moderno desenvolvido no centro da vida cultural nacional. Contra a resistência de uma fração reacionária da elite, os modernos do Paraná conseguiram assegurar projetos arquitetônicos significativos, para em seguida recuar quando descobriram que ser moderno e brasileiro, nos anos 50, significava tornar-se menos branco.
Estratégias de aquisição da casa própria: a trajetória de algumas famílias negras paulistanas nas décadas de 1920 a 1940
Authors: BARONE ANA CLAUDIA CASTILHO
Published: July 2020

Resumo No Brasil, há uma crença cultural de que a atitude mais sábia para garantir uma economia doméstica segura e estável é a aquisição da casa própria. Por gerações, o “sonho da casa própria” tem sido cultivado como um horizonte a se atingir. Confirmando essa tendência, desde a década de 1920, a “casa própria” torna-se uma noção mobilizada nos periódicos da imprensa negra, circulando em diversos artigos como uma aspiração desejável e uma orientação ao público dos jornais. Entre 1924 e 1937, dois dos principais jornais da imprensa negra paulista, O Clarim da Alvorada e A Voz da Raça, realizaram uma campanha em favor da casa própria, difundindo entre as famílias negras paulistanas a ideia da importância da aquisição imobiliária. Essas campanhas constituem um indício importante da relevância da aquisição residencial para as famílias negras do período. Neste trabalho, procuramos analisar essa importância como estratégia de seguridade social intergeracional, por meio da apresentação de três casos de famílias negras que realizaram esse objetivo entre as décadas de 1920 e 1940. Os depoimentos das famílias negras aqui reportados indicam precocidade, especificidades e estratégias que representam novos desafios para a reflexão sobre a formulação do problema da casa própria, a partir do ponto de vista racial.
O Largo da Banana e a presença negra em São Paulo
Authors: SIQUEIRA RENATA MONTEIRO
Published: July 2020

RESUMO O Largo da Banana está associado à história da população negra em São Paulo. Reconhecido como um dos “berços” do samba paulista, é sobretudo através dos próprios sambistas que essa história pode hoje ser conhecida. Localizado junto à antiga estação da Barra Funda, desde as primeiras décadas até meados do século passado, aquele espaço concentrou trabalhadores informais vinculados às atividades da ferrovia. Em meio a um cotidiano precário e instável, essa população realizava rodas de samba e de tiririca. Nos anos 1950, foi construído naquele local o Viaduto Pacaembu, que prolongava a avenida homônima para além da via férrea. A partir da década de 1960, o sambista negro Geraldo Filme compôs duas canções em que homenageava o Largo da Banana e lamentava seu desaparecimento após a inauguração do viaduto. Nessas e em outras composições, o artista registrou suas percepções sobre as condições de vida da população negra e sambista na cidade, suas sociabilidades, bem como sobre as transformações urbanas que testemunhou. Considerando que sua obra artística contribui para iluminar aspectos da realidade social, ela é adotada como fonte para analisar as formas de sociabilidade no Largo da Banana e a intervenção urbanística naquele local.
Mini-Mental State Examination in Brazil: An Item Response Theory Analysis
Authors: Melo Denise Mendonça de , Barbosa Altemir José Gonçalves , Castro Nelimar Ribeiro de , Neri Anita Liberalesso
Published: July 2020

Abstract The Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) is currently used to the track cognitive status of older adults in Brazil. Studies on its psychometric properties are lacking, especially ones that use Item Response Theory. The objective was to assess the difficulty of the items in a Brazilian version of MMSE using the Rasch model and to identify possible differential item functioning (DIF), considering schooling, age and sex of the sample of Brazilian older adults. This study used the answers of 2.734 older adults to the 30 items of MMSE. It was found that four items in the seven series were the most difficult, and items nine, 13, 22 and 23 were the easiest. The skill of respondents was higher than the items’ difficulty level. DIF was observed for schooling, sex and age in, respectively, 27, 18 and 16 items. It is concluded that the use of MMSE in Brazilian older adults should be cautious due to the large number of biased items, mainly due to schooling.
Efecto económico parcial de la covid-19 y sus resultados en Camagüey, Cuba
Authors: González Torres Iris María , Collado Cardoso Ernesto , Torres Mora Inés Josefina , Quiroga Gómez Zoila Madiú , Morán Giraldo Carlos , Gomez Rosabal Alexander
Published: July 2020

Objetivo: Evaluar los resultados parciales epidemiológicos de la covid-19, su efecto económico inmediato y las perspectivas a mediano plazo para la provincia de Camagüey, Cuba.Métodos: Técnicas estadísticas descriptivas e inferenciales, eligiéndose para el pronóstico el modelo logístico.Principales resultados: Los casos confirmados asintóticos a 50, una tasa de incidencia y mortalidad por debajo del país y un porciento de recuperación similar a éste, con mayor manifestación en el municipio Camagüey y concentrado en dos zonas de áreas de salud colindantes.Conclusiones: La covid-19 agudizó los problemas económicos ya presentes, fundamentalmente en el crecimiento económico por la disminución de producciones importantes para el sector agropecuario y la industria alimentaria; el plan de exportaciones y de sustitución de importaciones y la actividad comercial. Esto debe repercutir en los ingresos al presupuesto en el corto plazo y mediano plazo y al incremento del gasto público.
Computation of subthreshold slope in submicron HEMT with parasitic effects
Authors: Deyasi Arpan , Saha Gourab , Sen Biplab , Sarkar Angsuman
Published: July 2020

The subthreshold slope of a submicron high-electron-mobility transistor (HEMT) is analytically computed as a function of vertical electric field for various parasitic effects and structural parameters. The simultaneous solution of Poisson’s equation and the carrier density equation provides drain current from which subthreshold slope is calculated subject to appropriate boundary conditions. Simulation is carried out at optimised channel length and applied bias for which maximum transconductance and higher differential conductance are already reported. Results show that for a particular range of gate-to-source bias, V GS, simulated findings match very closely to the ideal value of 60 mV/decade. The role of an aluminium nitride (AlN) buffer layer in tailoring the subthreshold slope magnitude is critical and the effect of submicron channel length, which is otherwise absent in conventional HEMTs, is explored. A combination of both the electric fields in realistic situations is investigated, the findings of which will play a key role in device application for wireless communication systems.
Exhaled carbon monoxide levels and demographics of water-pipe smoking young at outdoor areas of water-pipe smoking cafes, in Ankara.
Authors: BOSTANCI İlknur , ÜNSAL SAÇ Rukiye , KAHVECİOĞLU Dilek , EMEKSİZ Serhat , TAŞAR Medine
Published: July 2020

Background: Water-pipe smokers are exposed to several toxicants, including carbon monoxide (CO), causing potential health effects.
Objectives: The aim of the study was to investigate demographic features and exhaled CO levels of water pipe smoking (WPS) young.
Methods: The study was implemented at the outdoor areas of WPS cafes, in Ankara, in August. Demographic characteristics and exhaled CO levels of young were detected before and after one hour of WPS.
Findings:. Mean exhaled CO levels before and after WPS were 1.4±1.2 ppm (min 0.1-max 5.6) and 9.4±5.3 ppm (min 3-max 25), respectively (p=0.001). Males and cigarette smokers had higher mean exhaled CO levels, before WPS (p=0.033 and p=0.001, respectively). A significant correlation was detected between duration of WPS and with exhaled CO levels before (p=0.005, r=0.363) and after WPS (p=0.039, r=0.270). In association with the rise in daily number of cigarettes, a rise in exhaled CO levels was detected after WPS (p=0.044, r=0.383).
Conclusions: In Ankara, nearly half of WPS young are also cigarette smokers, are mostly students or unemployed, and WPS is perceived as a social event. Mean post-WPS levels were lower compared to previous studies, because study was conducted in the open and non-polluted air. Males, cigarette smokers and longer years of WPS practice are associated with higher mean exhaled CO levels, suggesting that these groups are subject to more health detriment risks caused by CO exposure.
Large cohort studies, especially targeting high-risk groups are needed in understanding how to curb WPS and take environmental and policy controls.
Opuntia humifusa sensu stricto (Cactaceae): New to Kentucky (U.S.A.) and confirmed in the Unglaciated Appalachian Plateaus
Authors: Adanick Paul , Medley Max E.
Published: July 2020

A new population of Opuntia humifusa (Raf.) Raf. was found in Pike County, Kentucky. Consequent examination of other misidentified populations in Kentucky (Harlan and Pike counties) and West Virginia (Jackson County) provides the first known occurrences of Opuntia humifusa (sensu stricto) in Kentucky and a confirmed range extension into the Unglaciated Appalachian Plateaus Province.
Phantophlebia dicycla gen. et sp. nov., a five-merous fossil flower in mid-Cretaceous Myanmar amber
Authors: Poinar, Jr. George O. , Chambers Kenton L.
Published: July 2020

A fossil flower in mid-Cretaceous amber from Myanmar (Burma) is described as the new genus and species Phantophlebia dicycla. The perianth of the flower is composed of two 5-merous whorls of tepals, the outer tepals being smaller and more irregular in shape than the inner. All the tepals are distinctly vascularized, with few to many major veins that are connected above by an irregular network of veinlets. The flower’s 5 stamens are opposite the inner tepals, with bilocular anthers that dehisce by latrorse, oblique slits. No gynoecium can be seen beneath the air bubble covering the center of the flower. The fossil shares some characteristics with myrsinoid members of family Primulaceae.
Incidence Modelling - COVID19 - Computational Workflow v1
Authors: Mitra Arun , P Pakhare Abhijit , Joshi Ankur , Roy Adrija
Published: July 2020

This computational workflow protocol contains all the steps, necessary files and R code to perform incidence modelling and estimating transmission parameters of COVID-19 outbreak in India. This computational workflow protocol is being submitted in accordance with PLoS One publication policy and contains all of the code and datasets and files necessary for reproducibility of the analyses reported in the manuscript.
Packaging and Shipping of Flash Frozen Non-Islet Pancreatic (Acinar)Tissue v1
Authors: Islet Distribution Program Integrated
Published: July 2020

To define a standardized method for packaging and cold shipping of research quality non-islet pancreatic (acinar) tissue (NIPT) to approved investigators for use in the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK) sponsored research in the Integrated Islet Distribution Program (IIDP). This will also include reference to flash frozen NIPT tissue. This SOP replaces the IIDP SOP: SHP-007 Cold Shipping of Flash Frozen Non-Islet Pancreatic (Acinar)Tissue Note: This SOP was developed based on the Prodo Labs, Inc. shipping protocol and results from preliminary studies conducted by the IIDP and commissioned by the original IIDP Project Officer, and External Evaluation Committee (EEC). This protocol provides an opportunity for the isolating centers to recoup expenses for isolated NIPT that cannot be placed through the normal distribution system at the time of isolation. It also may provide a less expensive and more advantageous method to investigators that need non-viable islet tissue for gene panel research, RNA expression, and other experiments where viable islets and fresh NIPT are not necessary. This protocol also allows the storage of NIPT for supplemental experiments that may be realized at a later date, after the original distribution has been completed.
Influence of Cryogenic Treatment and Thermal Shock on Quenching Stresses and Properties of Alloy D16
Authors: Mai Xuan Dung , Gnevko Aleksander I. , Puchkov Yury A. , Plokhikh Andrey I. , Kuranov Aleksander E. , Iaremenko Oleg B.
Published: July 2020

This paper presents the results of heat treatment influence, including quenching in water, cooling of the alloy in liquid nitrogen, holding in it and thermal shock (heating in hot mineral oil) and also natural or artificial aging on the properties of wrought aluminum alloy D16 (2024). With the help of the hole-drilling strain-gage method the influence of heat treatment on residual stresses was determined and using tensile and indentation tests – specific elongation, reduction of area, yield strength, tensile strength and cracking resistance of alloy D16 (2024) were determined. Corrosion properties were studied with potentiodynamic method in 3% aqueous NaCl solution
Sectoral Price and Quantity Indexes of Argentine Foreign Trade
Authors: Fares Florencia Melisa , Zack Guido , Martínez Ricardo Gabriel
Published: July 2020

Argentina does not have a sufficiently complete and developed system of sectoral statistical data on foreign trade. This paper tries to make a contribution showing a methodology to calculate foreign trade indexes, based on unit values obtained from Foreign Trade Consultation System of INDEC. This methodology is applied to the quarterly data of Argentine sectoral imports and exports and its accuracy is shown from the comparison with price indexes published by INDEC (aggregate level) and Brazilian statistical institute (sectoral level). Our indexes show a correlation above 80% and variability close to the benchmark in almost all sectors. Finally, we analyzed the contribution of each sector to foreign trade growth during 1996-2016 using the estimated quantity indexes, something impossible to obtain without the estimated price indexes. Both real exports and imports show a weak growth pace of 2.3% and 2.4% per year, respectively. The leading sectors are Foodstuff industry and Agricultural products in exports, and Motor vehicles and Chemical products in imports for the whole period
El costo económico de los desastres naturales
Authors: Barrientos-Marín Jorge Hugo , Ospina-Valencia Sebastian , Giraldo Sebastian
Published: July 2020

En este trabajo estamos interesados en estimar el costo económico del tsunami ocurrido en 2011 en Japón, el cual afectó dramáticamente las prefecturas (provincias) de la región nororiental (Fukushima, Itawe y Miyagui) y originó la posterior emergencia nuclear causada por el daño del reactor de Fukushima. Para lograr el objetivo, se utiliza la metodología de control sintético (MCS) construyendo “prefecturas sintéticas” y utilizando las prefecturas que no fueron afectadas por el tsunami. Los resultados muestran que el costo del desastre en 2011 ascendió a 2,5 billones de yenes (23000 millones de USD), equivalente al 18% de un bloque del PIB (sumatoria de los PIB sectoriales relevantes para la economía de las tres prefecturas); así mismo, evidenciaron que el efecto causal positivo medido entre 2012 y 2014 fue de alrededor de 1,4 billones de yenes (12800 millones de USD), equivalente al 10% del PIB. Los resultados de este artículo son relevantes, pues proveen una metodología para estimar el efecto causal económico de desastres naturales o de conflictos.
Procedimiento de optimización no lineal para la cuantificación del aporte de la energía eléctrica en el crecimiento económico colombiano, 1925-1997
Authors: Manrique-Díaz Oscar Gonzalo , Lemus-Polanía Diego Fernando
Published: July 2020

En este trabajo se incluye la energía eléctrica (E) como una tercera variable en la función de producción estándar Cobb-Douglas para determinar su participación en el PIB de Colombia y calcular su elasticidad asociada entre 1925 y 1997. Para tal efecto, se emplean el modelo LINEX y el algoritmo de optimización no lineal de Levenberg-Marquardt, bajo el supuesto de elasticidades de producción no negativas para ajustar la función de producción, corregida y basada en dicho modelo. El análisis se alimenta de las series de PIB, capital (K) y trabajo (L) que elaboró el GRECO para el Banco de la República, y también de una serie temporal de energía eléctrica (E) producida con el patrocinio de Colciencias. Los resultados calculados para las elasticidades asociadas permiten verificar que, en concordancia con los casos de estudio conocidos, la energía eléctrica ha tenido mayor peso en la estructura del PIB que los factores tradicionales. Se concluye que la condición de rendimientos constantes de la función de producción estándar no se aplica a ninguna economía conocida, sea esta de un país desarrollado o no.
Cuidando el son por ósmosis
Authors: Escobar Borrego Francisco J.
Published: July 2020

El presente capítulo ofrece un análisis monográfico de Cuidemos este son (Poesía flamenca), obra póstuma de José Luis Tejada (1927-1988). De esta manera, al trasluz de la estela neotradicionalista de Alberti, Lorca y Falla, se contextualizan las claves fundamentales de este poemario en la trayectoria del escritor, con especial atención al período comprendido entre las décadas de los sesenta y ochenta. En estos años, como protohistoria de Cuidemos este son, cobran notoria relevancia los libros Para andar conmigo (1962) y Del río de mi olvido (1978), además de la composición inédita de 1986 Coplas del agua, con Pablo (Ósmosis), que atesora una coda final por seguiriyas. Por último, se pone de relieve cómo el autor gaditano no sólo fue un experto conocedor del flamenco sino también de otras formalizaciones del cancionero popular y de la tradición oral, especialmente de los romances, que experimentaron también, como sucedió en el Puerto de Santa María en determinadas versiones, un proceso de aflamencamiento más allá del folclore. De hecho, en conexión con su poesía flamenca, se estudia la versión transmitida por Tejada del romance sobre Delgadita y La infanta preñada contaminada, en fin, con La mala hierba.
Jacy ludzie mogą liczyć na wsparcie? Ciemna triada i konwersacyjna niebezpośredniość jako predyktory wsparcia społecznego
Authors: Filipkowski Jakub , Gerymski Rafał
Published: July 2020

W przedstawionym badaniu wzięło udział 118 osób – 48 mężczyzn i 70 kobiet, w wieku między 18. a 65. rokiem życia (M = 24,70; SD = 10,90). Rekrutacji osób badanych dokonano za pomocą metody kuli śnieżnej drogą internetową. Głównym celem badania była eksploracja potencjalnych predyktorów wsparcia społecznego – ciemnej triady, czyli konstruktu, na który składają się trzy cechy uznawane za niepożądane: psychopatia, makiawelizm i narcyzm, a także stylu konwersacyjnej niebezpośredniości, czyli skłonności zarówno do generowania wypowiedzi, w których ukryte są jakieś treści, jak i do doszukiwania się niejawnych komunikatów w wypowiedziach innych. Dodatkowo sprawdzono, czy między zmiennymi wyjaśniającymi zachodzi interakcja. Poddane dyskusji wyniki częściowo potwierdzają dwie hipotezy mówiące o związku między ciemną triadą i konwersacyjną niebezpośredniością a wsparciem społecznym. Okazało się, że analizy statystyczne częściowo potwierdziły dwa z przewidywanych wniosków. Istotne okazały się związki między makiawelizmem i psychopatią a wsparciem społecznym oraz między podskalą konwersacyjnej niebezpośredniości (generowaniem) a wsparciem społecznym. Nie udało się potwierdzić przewidywanej interakcji między zmiennymi niezależnymi.
Typy umysłów
Authors: Dobrołowicz Witold
Published: July 2020

W artykule zostały opisane typologie umysłów, w których uwzględnia się elementy logiczne i intuicyjne. Przybliżono typologie następujących autorów: Henriego Poincarégo, Carla Gustava Junga, Stanisława M. Dobrowolskiego i Malcolma R. Westcotta. W propozycjach tych uczonych, a szczególnie Westcotta, autor niniejszego artykułu dostrzegł i wypunktował wiele pozytywnych właściwości, a jednocześnie wykazał potrzebę ich modyfikacji. Dotyczy to głównie zakorzenionej tradycji traktowania intuicji i logiki jako procesów przeciwstawnych i wzajemnie wykluczających się, czyli nie do pogodzenia jednocześnie w umyśle danego człowieka. Z tego stanowiska teoretycznego dotychczas wyróżnia się dwa czyste typy, jak to zaproponował Poincaré, który wyróżnił typy logiczne i intuicyjne. Pozostali przywołani tu autorzy proponowali większą liczbę typów, z reguły cztery (Jung i Westcott), lecz stosowali niejedno kryterium podziału, stąd obok typów logicznych i intuicyjnych umieszczano typy np. słabe, zgadujące itd. Autor opracowania zaproponował podejście integracyjne, w którym wyróżnił pięć typów umysłu: 1) skrajnie logiczny; 2) logiczny; 3) pośredni (zrównoważony); 4) intuicyjny; 5) skrajnie intuicyjny. Zamieszczono zarówno krótką ogólną charakterystykę tych typów, jak i przykłady umysłów takich historycznych postaci, jak Sokrates, Dmitrij Mendelejew, Johann H. Pestalozzi, Ignaz Semmelweis, Adam Mickiewicz, a także postaci fikcyjnej (literackiej) – Sherlocka Holmesa.
Regulation of Protection of Agricultural Land and Limitation of Ownership Rights to Real Estate
Authors: Michałowski Rafał
Published: July 2020

Regulations of the Act on Protection of Agricultural and Forest Land are treated as a limitation of the right of ownership of the real estate. Unlike civil law regulations, in this Act the legislator defines agricultural land as the subject of obligations specified in the Act, treating them in separation from the issue of ownership relationships. Unlike in civil law regulations, apart from the owner, a number of obligations associated with the protection of agricultural land is also imposed on other entities, which make economic use of the real estate property. According to the Act, the owner of real estate property has a number of obligations, such as prohibition to use land for non-agricultural purposes without having obtained a decision to designate the land for non-agricultural purposes and consent for exclusion of land from production. The owner also has other positive duties, such as the duty to prevent land degradation and devastation. These obligations, however, do not shape the subjective right of ownership, but are external to it, although they should be treated as a limitation to this right.
Ochrona prawna tradycyjnej wiedzy rolniczej dotyczącej zasobów genetycznych
Authors: Gała Paweł
Published: July 2020

Traditional knowledge, including genetic resources of living organisms, especially plants, plays an extremely important role also in the development of modern science and present-day industry. This prompts us to consider the need, scope, and model of legal protection for such knowledge, both for the needs of the communities that create and cultivate it and for the wider public good. The present article includes an analysis of international legal regulations concerning the protection of traditional knowledge, with particular emphasis on the knowledge related to genetic resources, as well as legal works in this field. The considerations cover issues related to the development of the conceptual framework of such legal norms and the foundations of the legal protection of traditional knowledge, in particular the arguments concerning the need for such protection. The article also presents the basic types of intellectual property rights that can be the basis for legal protection of traditional knowledge.
Constitutional Principle of Environmental Protection as a Directive in the Process of Establishing the Rural Development Programme
Authors: Litwiniuk Przemysław
Published: July 2020

The environment is a value and subject of constitutional protection in Poland. Ensuring environmental protection is considered as a political principle in the national doctrine, and due to the editorial location of its source in Article 5 of the Constitution of the Republic of Poland, it is considered as one of the objectives of Polish statehood. In several places, the Basic Law refers to the issue of the environment, considering it an important value and entrusting its care not only to public authorities, but also to anyone who is subject to Polish state authority. Examining whether contemporary instruments of agricultural law, in particular those developed with the participation of Polish state authorities in the application of the mechanisms of the Common Agricultural Policy of the European Union, take into account constitutional directives derived from the principle of environmental protection and whether the effects of these activities are verified in the light of the constitutional model is an interesting academic question. The subject of detailed analysis in this study is the rural development programme (RDP) referred to in Article 6 of the Regulation (EU) No. 1305/2013 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 17 December 2013 on support for rural development by the European Agricultural Fund for Rural Development (EAFRD) and repealing Council Regulation (EC) No. 1698/2005. The author demonstrates that the constitutional principle of environmental protection was respected by Polish public authorities in the process of creating an important and high-budget instrument for conducting development policy, which is the RDP for the years 2014–2020.
Glosa do wyroku Sądu Najwyższego z dnia 5 grudnia 2018 r. (V KK 508/17, OSNK 2019, nr 2, poz. 10)
Authors: Mozgawa Marek
Published: July 2020

In the case of illegal deprivation of liberty (Article 189 of the Penal Code) locomotive freedom (i.e. freedom to change the place of residence according to a person’s will) is the protected value. Both the actual and potential will of an individual in that respect is protected. The objective state of general possibility to execute the will’s activity is crucial for the being of the offence of illegal deprivation of liberty, while the victim’s awareness of that state is of secondary importance. Any person can be the object of the actus reus as long as he or she is capable of formulating a wish connected with the change of the place of residence and has the natural ability to leave the place he or she has been so far occupying, even if it is with the help of technical means (e.g. a wheelchair) or other persons. Whether the person who could activate the natural will to move, has actually such a will, is irrelevant (from the point of view of fulfilling the statutory features of the offence of deprivation of liberty). One should agree with the opinion presented by the Supreme Court in the commented verdict, according to which the statutory features of the offence from Article 189 of the Penal Code are not fulfilled by the deprivation of the liberty of movement of a person which is executed as a result of his or her own free will decision.
Glosa do postanowienia Sądu Apelacyjnego w Krakowie z dnia 29 września 2016 r. (II AKz 321/16) – w kwestii trybu ścigania przestępstw przeciwko mieniu, gdy czyn został popełniony w stosunku do mienia znacznej wartości (art. 294 § 1 k.k.)
Authors: Poniatowski Piotr
Published: July 2020

The commented decision concerns an important in practice, and not wider discussed in the doctrine or jurisprudence, problem of the procedure for prosecuting crimes against property, when the act was committed in relation to property of significant value (Article 294 § 1 of the Penal Code). The author agrees with the view expressed by the Court of Appeal in Kraków, however, at the same time, he believes that the issue of the mode of prosecution of the crimes mentioned in Article 294 of the Penal Code should be clearly regulated by the legislator.
Wewnętrzna i zewnętrzna aksjologia prawna
Authors: Kordela Marzena
Published: July 2020

The legal order is composed not only of legal norms but also of values. An axiological aspect of law becomes important especially in the acts of law interpretation and application. By reconstructing values a legislator presumes there is a possibility to reconstruct his complete axiological system. This system contains three types of values: legally binding values inbuilt in legal norms (especially in principles), reference values (this kind of values must be applied by courts in accordance with reference provisions) and universal values.