bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Low copy numbers of FCGR3A and FCGR3B associated with Chinese patients with SLE and AASV
Authors: Qi Y , Zhou X , Bu D , Hou P , Lv J , Zhang H
Published: March 2017

Low-affinity Fcγ receptors (FcγR) act as key mediators of the pathogenic effects of autoantibodies. In this study, we aimed to determine whether copy number variations (CNVs) in FCGR3A and FCGR3B were associated with systemic lupus nephritis (SLE) and ANCA-associated systemic vasculitis (AASV) in Chinese individuals. A total of 1118 individuals were enrolled, including 415 SLE patients, 139 AASV patients, and 564 healthy controls. FCGR3A and FCGR3B copy numbers (CNs) were determined by both a paralogue ratio test and TaqMan quantitative PCR assay. In the susceptibility associations, a low FCGR3B CN was significantly associated with SLE ( p = 5.01 × 10−3; odds ratio (OR) 1.71; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.17–2.48) and AASV ( p = 0.04; OR = 1.72; 95% CI 1.02–2.88). A low FCGR3A CN was also significantly associated with SLE ( p = 6.02 × 10−3; OR 2.72; 95% CI 1.30–5.71) and AASV ( p = 0.042; OR 2.64; 95% CI 1.00–6.93). Further subphenotype analysis revealed that low CNs of FCGR3A and FCGR3B were significantly associated with clinical manifestations in SLE and AASV patients. Therefore, in this case-control study, we identified low CNs of FCGR2A and FCGR3B to be common risk factors for SLE and AASV.
Direct oral anticoagulants: an alternative treatment for thrombotic antiphospholipid syndrome?
Authors: Resseguier A S , Pereira B , Rieu V , Le Guenno G , Grobost V , Ruivard M
Published: March 2017

Background

Direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) demonstrate a lower risk–benefit ratio than vitamin K antagonists (VKAs) for secondary thromboprophylaxis of thrombotic events. But there are no data on the efficacy of DOACs for the prevention of thrombotic recurrence in patients with antiphospholipid syndrome (APS). In this study, we evaluated the efficacy of DOACs to prevent recurrences of thrombotic events in patients with APS.

Methods

This was a single-center pilot, using a multi-step Fleming design. If seven or fewer patients presented treatment failure with rivaroxaban, the study could conclude efficacy.

Results

A total of 23 patients were included. APS involved the veins only ( n = 19), arteries only ( n = 2) or both ( n = 1) and 1 patient exhibited catastrophic antiphospholipid syndrome (CAPS). Overall, two patients were positive for lupus anticoagulant, anti-beta-2 glycoprotein I antibodies and anticardiolipid antibodies (triple positivity). The mean duration of follow up was 35.6 (range, 29–40) months. A total of six treatment failures were reported: one patient, with triple positivity, developed bilateral distal pulmonary embolism (PE) after 20 months of treatment with rivaroxaban, two patients refused to take rivaroxaban, the treatment was stopped in three other patients: two with adverse effects and one with chronic iron-deficiency anemia.

Conclusions

Rivaroxaban may represent an alternative for secondary thromboprophylaxis for thrombo-embolism in patients with APS, in particular, those with poor international normalized ratio (INR) control and those who are not at the highest risk of recurrent thrombosis, such as those with triple positivity.
Effects of morphological plasticity on evolution of virtual robots
Authors: Krcah Peter
Published: March 2017

Many animals are able to modify their morphology during their lifetime in response to changes in the environment. Such modifications are often adaptive—they can improve individual’s chances of survival and reproduction. In this paper we explore the effects of such morphological plasticity on body–brain coevolution of virtual creatures. We propose a method where morphological plasticity is achieved through learning during individual’s lifetime allowing each individual to quickly adapt its morphology to the current environment. We show that the resulting plasticity allows evolution of creatures better adapted to different simulated environments. We also show that evolution combined with the new learning rule reduces the total computational cost required to evolve an individual with a given target fitness compared to evolution without learning.
Assessing the Factor Structure of the Integrative Hope Scale
Authors: Sharpe Donald , McElheran Jesse , Whelton William J.
Published: March 2017

While some researchers contend that hope is unidimensional, other researchers regard hope to be multidimensional. Schrank, Woppmann, Sibitz, and Lauber’s exploratory factor analysis of their Integrative Hope Scale (IHS) found subscales of Trust, Future Orientation, Social Relations, and Lack of Perspective. However, subsequent articles have utilized only the total IHS score. To resolve this issue, a community sample of 288 participants completed the IHS as well as two measures of hedonic well-being (Positive and Negative Affect Schedule; Temporal Satisfaction With Life Scale), a measure of eudemonic well-being (Measure of Actualization of Potential), and a measure of time orientation (the Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory). One-factor, four-factor oblique, higher order, and bifactor models were compared through confirmatory factor analysis and interpreted using Omega reliability coefficients. While the poorest model fit was for the one-factor model, little reliable variance was found in subscale scores after controlling for a general hope factor with the exception of the Lack of Perspective factor. IHS total and subscale scores were associated with measures of well-being and time orientation. We suggest researchers continue to focus on using the IHS total score, but also report subscale scores, especially for the Lack of Perspective subscale.
Could knee inflammatory synovitis be induced by pembrolizumab?
Authors: Mahmoud Fade , Wilkinson John T , Gizinski Alison , Viswamitra Sanjaya , Gokden Neriman , Vander Schilden John
Published: March 2017

Pembrolizumab, a selective anti-PD-1 humanized monoclonal antibody, reactivates T cells to fight cancer. Immune-related adverse events such as autoimmune colitis, pneumonitis, hepatitis, nephritis, hypophysitis, and thyroiditis may occur during, or weeks to months after therapy. Pemprolizumab-induced synovitis is rarely reported. With the wide use of immunotherapy to treat cancers, physicians need to be aware of this rare immune-related adverse event and provide immediate treatment to avoid permanent joint damage.
Clinical impact and management of fluconazole discontinuation on sirolimus levels in bone marrow transplant patients
Authors: Nwaroh Edith , Jupp Jennifer , Jadusingh Esther , Guilcher Gregory
Published: March 2017

Sirolimus, an immunosuppressant, is indicated post-allogeneic stem cell transplant to reduce the risk of graft-versus-host-disease. Sirolimus is metabolized by cytochrome P450 3A4 and is a substrate of the P-glycoprotein (P-gp) drug efflux pump. Interactions with known inhibitors of the CYP3A4 enzyme and P-glycoprotein, such as fluconazole, are anticipated. Co-administration of fluconazole leads to an increase in sirolimus blood concentrations due to an inhibition of metabolism. The discontinuation of fluconazole will likely result in a decline in sirolimus blood concentrations, leaving patients at risk of graft-versus-host-disease. We report on three patients managed by the Hematology, Oncology Blood and Marrow Transplant Program at the Alberta Children’s Hospital. The discontinuation of fluconazole showed a marked reduction in sirolimus trough levels, requiring >200% increase in sirolimus dose to achieve therapeutic levels.
Incidence of late onset neutropenia associated with rituximab use in B cell lymphoma patients undergoing autologous stem cell transplantation
Authors: Ha Vincent H , Ghosh Sunita , Leyshon Catherine , Ryan Nikki , Chambers Carole R , Stewart Douglas A
Published: March 2017

Reversible late onset neutropenia associated with rituximab has been reported with incidence rates varying from 15 to 70% in B cell lymphoma patients receiving autologous stem cell transplantation. We conducted a retrospective descriptive study at one tertiary care center in adult B cell lymphoma patients treated with rituximab and autologous stem cell transplantation between 1 January 2004 and 30 June 2014. Late onset neutropenia was defined as an absolute neutrophil count <1.0 × 109 cells/L after neutrophil engraftment and less than six months post autologous stem cell transplantation. The primary objective was to determine the incidence of late onset neutropenia. The secondary objectives were to examine whether the use of rituximab with re-induction therapy, mobilization or high dose chemotherapy regimens increased the risk for late onset neutropenia, and to evaluate infectious complications. Of 315 subjects, 92 (29.2%) developed late onset neutropenia. Mobilization regimens containing rituximab (OR 2.90 95% CI: 1.31–6.40), high dose chemotherapy containing rituximab (OR 1.87 95% CI: 1.14–3.05), and exposure to rituximab in either or both regimens (OR 3.05 95% CI: 1.36–6.88) significantly increased the risk of late onset neutropenia. While neutropenic, 17.4% experienced an infection, 7.6% experienced febrile neutropenia, and 5.4% were hospitalized. In conclusion, rituximab with mobilization or high dose chemotherapy may increase the risk of late onset neutropenia post autologous stem cell transplantation.
Assessment of Adult ADHD With College Students
Authors: Drake Morgan B. , Riccio Cynthia A. , Hale Nicole Svenkerud
Published: March 2017

Objective: When assessing adult ADHD, self-report measures are commonly used to guide clinical diagnosis. Self-report measures may be broadband covering a range of behaviors or narrowband and specific to symptoms associated with ADHD. Method: This study examined the results of broadband and narrowband measures for college students referred for evaluation of ADHD at a university clinic. Results: With consideration of diagnosis, which included additional information, the group of students who received a diagnosis of ADHD differed significantly from those who did not receive an ADHD diagnosis only on the symptom sets associated with ADHD for both the broadband and narrowband. At the same time, for the total sample, significant correlations emerged for ADHD symptoms with social stress, anxiety, and sense of inadequacy. Conclusion: This suggests the need for consideration of alternative or co-occurring factors influencing symptom presentation and functional impairment.
The Impact of Positive Behavior Interventions and Supports on Teachers’ Perceptions of Teaching Conditions and Student Achievement
Authors: Houchens Gary W. , Zhang Jie , Davis Kelly , Niu Chunling , Chon Kyong Hee , Miller Stephen
Published: March 2017

Previous research suggests that Positive Behavioral Interventions and Supports (PBIS) can reduce student disciplinary office referrals and out-of-school suspensions, especially when implemented with fidelity. Existing research is mixed as to whether PBIS also contributes to improvements in student achievement, but at least one study has found that PBIS leads to improvements in teachers’ perceptions of overall organizational health, an effect that may help facilitate improvements in student learning. This study uses the TELL (Teaching, Empowering, Leading, and Learning) Kentucky survey to analyze teacher perceptions of their working conditions between PBIS and non-PBIS schools, and among schools varying in level of PBIS implementation fidelity. Furthermore, because the TELL Kentucky survey has been shown to predict increases in student achievement, this study examined the relationship between PBIS implementation and student test score outcomes. Teachers in PBIS schools reported higher levels of student and faculty understanding of behavioral expectations and a stronger atmosphere of professional trust and respect. Although there were no significant differences in student achievement levels between PBIS and non-PBIS schools, analysis did reveal that student academic outcomes were significantly higher at high- and medium-fidelity PBIS schools than low-fidelity PBIS schools. Significance, limitations, and implications for practice are discussed.
Investigation of the mechanical properties on the large amplitude free vibrations of the functionally graded material sandwich plates
Authors: Belalia Sid Ahmed
Published: March 2017

In this paper, the geometrically nonlinear formulation based on von Karman’s assumptions is employed to study the large amplitude free vibrations of functionally graded materials sandwich plates. The functionally graded material sandwich plate is made up of two layers of power-law functionally graded material face sheet and one layer of ceramic homogeneous core. A hierarchical finite element is employed to define the model, taking into account the effects of the transverse shear deformation and the rotatory inertia. The equations of motion for the nonlinear vibration of the functionally graded material sandwich plates are obtained using Lagrange’s equations. Employing the harmonic balance method, the equations of motion are converted from time domain to frequency domain and then solved iteratively using the linearized updated mode method. Results for linear and nonlinear frequency parameters of the simply supported functionally graded material sandwich plates are computed and compared with the published values, and an excellent agreement was found. The influence of the mechanical properties of the functionally graded material, thickness ratio of FGM layers, and volume fraction exponent on the backbone curves and on the nonlinear frequency parameters are investigated. The effects of the material properties of two different types of ceramics on the large amplitude vibration behaviors of the functionally graded material sandwich plates is also presented and discussed for the first time.
Hepatocyte Growth Factor/C-Met Axis in Thyroid Cancer: From Diagnostic Biomarker to Therapeutic Target
Authors: Trovato Maria , Campennì Alfredo , Giovinazzo Salvatore , Siracusa Massimiliano , Ruggeri Rosaria Maddalena
Published: March 2017

The hepatocyte growth factor (HGF)/c-met axis plays a crucial role in cancer development by promoting cellular proliferation, motility, and morphogenesis, as well as angiogenesis. Different cellular distributions of both the ligand and the receptor in benign vs malignant lesions indicate this biological system as a candidate for a diagnostic biomarker of malignancy occurring in endocrine glands, such as the thyroid and pituitary. Furthermore, the HGF/c-met expression may help to identify a subset of patients eligible for potential targeted therapies with HGF/c-met inhibitors or antagonists in thyroid tumour, as well as in other malignancies. This may be relevant for iodine-refractory cancers, the treatment of which is still a major challenge. With this in mind, HGF/c-met expression in thyroid cancer tissue may be useful for prognostic and therapeutic stratification of patients.
Using machine learning to estimate atmosphericAmbrosiapollen concentrations in Tulsa, OK
Authors: Liu Xun , Wu Daji , Zewdie Gebreab K , Wijerante Lakitha , Timms Christopher I , Riley Alexander , Levetin Estelle , Lary David J
Published: March 2017

This article describes an example of using machine learning to estimate the abundance of airborne Ambrosia pollen for Tulsa, OK. Twenty-seven years of historical pollen observations were used. These pollen observations were combined with machine learning and a very complete meteorological and land surface context of 85 variables to estimate the daily Ambrosia abundance. The machine learning algorithms employed were Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO), neural networks, and random forests. The best performance was obtained using random forests. The physical insights provided by the random forest are also discussed.
Stress, sense of coherence and subjective health in adolescents aged 13–18 years
Authors: Moksnes Unni K. , Espnes Geir A.
Published: March 2017

Background: This study investigated the relationships between sex, age, stress and sense of coherence (SOC) and each of self-rated health (SRH) and subjective health complaints (SHCs) in adolescents. Methods: The study was based on a cross-sectional sample of 1239 adolescents aged 13–18 years. The participants reported scores on a questionnaire, including 12 items assessing SHC, the 13-item version of the Orientation to Life Questionnaire and the 30-item Adolescent Stress Questionnaire. Data were analysed with descriptive, comparative and hierarchical multiple regression analyses. Results: Boys scored significantly higher on SRH than girls, whereas girls scored higher on SHCs. In the multivariate model, stress was significantly associated with SHCs, but not with SRH. SOC was significantly positively related to SRH and negatively related to SHC; the associations were significantly stronger for girls than for boys. A significant moderation effect (protective role) of SOC was found on the relation between stress and SHC. Conclusions: No causal conclusion was possible, but the findings may be used as a basis for further investigation of the role of stress and SOC in longitudinal studies and intervention studies.
Response times by the police and ambulance services at motor vehicle crashes in the West Mercia region
Authors: Leaman Alan , Nutbeam Timothy
Published: March 2017

The relative response times of the ambulance and police services at serious motor vehicle crashes in the West Mercia region of the UK are reported. The police often arrive before the ambulance service. The types of immediate medical care which the police and other non-medical responders might administer are discussed.
The construction of hegemonic masculinity in the Semiotic Landscape of a CrossFit ‘Cave’
Authors: Kerry Victoria J
Published: March 2017

A Semiotic Landscape analysis, whereby a community or environment’s signage is photographed for linguistic and visual analysis, is a useful means of discovering power relationships within that community’s language use. While Semiotic Landscapes and their predecessor, Linguistic Landscapes, are traditionally used to explore differences between dominant and minority languages in a community, this research extends the concept to analyse hegemonic masculinity at a CrossFit gym. It also shifts the analysis from an outdoor landscape to an indoor, more private setting. Using an autoethnographic approach, the author argues that while many of the CrossFit signs are designed to appear as humorous entertainment or motivation, they simultaneously encourage the subordination of women and certain men, and the naturalizing of a particular view of hegemonic masculinity, as embodied by the ideal CrossFit male.
Unsupervised color coding for visualizing image classification results
Authors: Bianco Simone , Schettini Raimondo
Published: March 2017

In this article, we describe a general purpose system that, given as input a segmented/classified image, automatically provides different visual outputs exploiting solid colors, color boundaries, and transparent colors. Moreover, if the names of the classes are given, the system automatically places a textual label in the less salient sub-region of the corresponding class. For color-class association and class label placement, we take into account the underlying image color and structure exploiting both saliency and superpixel representation. The color selection and the color-class association are formulated both as optimization problems and heuristically solved using a Local Search procedure. Results show the effectiveness of the proposed system on images having different content and different number of annotated regions.
Partner development praxis: The use of transformative communication spaces in a community-academic participatory action research effort in a Mexican ethnic enclave in Chicago
Authors: Hebert-Beirne Jennifer , Felner Jennifer K , Kennelly Joan , Eldeirawi Kamal , Mayer Anna , Alexander Simone , Castañeda Yvette D , Castañeda Dolores , Persky Victoria W , Chávez Noel , Birman Dina
Published: March 2017

Trusting, productive relationships between traditionally discordant stakeholders—community members and researchers—are critical for successful Community-Based Participatory Research. Practical guidance on processes allowing for partner trust-building and collaborative leadership development in Community-Based Participatory Research literature lacks specificity. In this paper, we introduce our praxis of Transformative Communication Spaces to facilitate purposeful, iterative discourse that occurs in, and fuels each research phase. We elaborate on the use of Transformative Communication Spaces through Pláticas de Salud, Oral History Listening Events, and Data Analysis Think Tanks within the framework of our Little Village Participatory Community Health Assessment. We believe the integrity and potential of Community-Based Participatory Research is contingent on the use of Transformative Communication Spaces strategies to foster trusting partnerships necessary for shared learning and co-leadership.
Study of Image Qualities From 6D Robot–Based CBCT Imaging System of Small Animal Irradiator
Authors: Sharma Sunil , Narayanasamy Ganesh , Clarkson Richard , Chao Ming , Moros Eduardo G. , Zhang Xin , Yan Yulong , Boerma Marjan , Paudel Nava , Morrill Steven , Corry Peter , Griffin Robert J.
Published: March 2017

Purpose:

To assess the quality of cone beam computed tomography images obtained by a robotic arm-based and image-guided small animal conformal radiation therapy device.

Method and Materials:

The small animal conformal radiation therapy device is equipped with a 40 to 225 kV X-ray tube mounted on a custom made gantry, a 1024 × 1024 pixels flat panel detector (200 μm resolution), a programmable 6 degrees of freedom robot for cone beam computed tomography imaging and conformal delivery of radiation doses. A series of 2-dimensional radiographic projection images were recorded in cone beam mode by placing and rotating microcomputed tomography phantoms on the “palm’ of the robotic arm. Reconstructed images were studied for image quality (spatial resolution, image uniformity, computed tomography number linearity, voxel noise, and artifacts).

Results:

Geometric accuracy was measured to be 2% corresponding to 0.7 mm accuracy on a Shelley microcomputed tomography QA phantom. Qualitative resolution of reconstructed axial computed tomography slices using the resolution coils was within 200 μm. Quantitative spatial resolution was found to be 3.16 lp/mm. Uniformity of the system was measured within 34 Hounsfield unit on a QRM microcomputed tomography water phantom. Computed tomography numbers measured using the linearity plate were linear with material density ( R2 > 0.995). Cone beam computed tomography images of the QRM multidisk phantom had minimal artifacts.

Conclusion:

Results showed that the small animal conformal radiation therapy device is capable of producing high-quality cone beam computed tomography images for precise and conformal small animal dose delivery. With its high-caliber imaging capabilities, the small animal conformal radiation therapy device is a powerful tool for small animal research.
Gender’s Effects to the Early Symptoms of Alzheimer’s Disease in 5 Asian Countries
Authors: Yang Yuan-Han , Meguro Kenichi , Dominguez Jacqueline , Chen Christopher Li-Hsian , Wang Huali , Ong Paulus Anam
Published: March 2017

Background:

Asia has the greatest population and more patients with dementia in the world. Early recognition of clinical symptoms of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is crucial for dementia care. In order to foster collaboration in AD care, a uniformed manner to report the early clinical symptoms of AD is necessary.

Methods:

We have recruited clinically diagnosed patients with AD at their very mild stage with Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR) 0.5 in Taiwan, Japan, China, Philippines, and Singapore. Demographic characteristics and psychometrics including Ascertain of Dementia-8 (AD8) questionnaire were administrated to collect and report the clinical presentation in these countries.

Results:

In total, 713 clinically diagnosed patients with AD at very mild stage, CDR 0.5, have been recruited from these 5 countries. “Repeats questions, stories, or statements” were consistently the frequently reported symptom across these countries. Taiwan, China, and Singapore have the higher AD8 total score compared to that in Japan and Philippines. Japan and Philippines have the gender-related differences in clinical presentation of early AD.

Conclusion:

Difficulties in using small trouble appliance and in handling complicated financial affairs were frequently reported in Japan female, compared to male, patients with AD. Identifying the clinical symptom of AD and the gender-related issues would be crucial in the dementia care in Asia.
Occupational Therapists With Oncology Exposure: Perceived Needs on Adults and Older Adults With Cancer-Related Cognitive Impairments
Authors: Ulfers Sara S. , Berg Christine
Published: March 2017

Cancer-related cognitive impairments (CRCI) can limit participation in meaningful activities before, during, and after cancer treatment. This study explored occupational therapists’ perceived knowledge gaps and needs regarding CRCI in adults and older adults. An online survey was sent to a convenience sample of 60 practitioners at facilities throughout the continuum of care and 176 directors and faculty in accredited occupational therapy programs. Using a snowball sampling approach, recipients were asked to forward the survey to other occupational therapists. One hundred seven occupational therapists participated. The majority (92%) responded that it would be beneficial to attend a face-to-face continuing education program; preferences for the content and design of a continuing competency seminar are described. These findings support the development and delivery of continuing competence programs tailored toward occupational therapists’ CRCI knowledge needs.
Changes in the demographics of intravenous drug users with mycotic common femoral artery pseudoaneurysm as a consequence of self-injection does not influence outcome following emergency ligation
Authors: Stevenson Richard P , Semple Catriona , Hussey Keith , McGovern Josh , Stuart Wesley P , Kingsmore David B
Published: March 2017

Objectives

The reported annual incidence of mycotic pseudoaneurysm of the common femoral artery in intravenous drug users has been estimated at 0.03%. Over the past 5 years in Scotland, the proportion of people receiving specialist attention for heroin use over the age of 40 years has increased from 15 to 22%. Although routinely managed with arterial ligation (without reconstruction), some series have reported rates of major limb amputation of up to 10%. We sought to define whether this management strategy was still acceptable in an older population.

Methods

Retrospective review of patients presenting to a tertiary vascular service with mycotic pseudoaneurysm of the common femoral artery due to arterial injection by intravenous drug users between October 2010 and March 2016. Variables of interest included patient demographics and requirement for major amputation.

Results

There were 55 patients identified. The annual incidence of mycotic pseudoaneurysm of the common femoral artery in intravenous drug users was 2.1%. It was more common in men (3:1) and the mean age at presentation was 41 years (standard deviation ± 8 years). Three patients underwent major limb amputation during the index admission for severe limb ischaemia (two transfemoral amputations; one hip-disarticulation). Following discharge two patients were readmitted (134 and 200 days, respectively, following primary ligation) for major limb amputation due to of critical limb ischaemia.

Conclusions

Despite the increasing age of intravenous drug users presenting with mycotic pseudoaneurysm of the common femoral artery primary ligation of pseudoaneurysm would seem to remain an appropriate therapeutic intervention.
Fractional-order sliding mode control for a class of uncertain nonlinear systems based on LQR
Authors: Zhang Dong , Cao Lin , Tang Shuo
Published: March 2017

This article presents a new fractional-order sliding mode control (FOSMC) strategy based on a linear-quadratic regulator (LQR) for a class of uncertain nonlinear systems. First, input/output feedback linearization is used to linearize the nonlinear system and decouple tracking error dynamics. Second, LQR is designed to ensure that the tracking error dynamics converges to the equilibrium point as soon as possible. Based on LQR, a novel fractional-order sliding surface is introduced. Subsequently, the FOSMC is designed to reject system uncertainties and reduce the magnitude of control chattering. Then, the global stability of the closed-loop control system is analytically proved using Lyapunov stability theory. Finally, a typical single-input single-output system and a typical multi-input multi-output system are simulated to illustrate the effectiveness and advantages of the proposed control strategy. The results of the simulation indicate that the proposed control strategy exhibits excellent performance and robustness with system uncertainties. Compared to conventional integer-order sliding mode control, the high-frequency chattering of the control input is drastically depressed.
Saturation-based quality assessment for colorful multi-exposure image fusion
Authors: Deng Chenwei , Li Zhen , Wang Shuigen , Liu Xun , Dai Jiahui
Published: March 2017

Multi-exposure image fusion is becoming increasingly influential in enhancing the quality of experience of consumer electronics. However, until now few works have been conducted on the performance evaluation of multi-exposure image fusion, especially colorful multi-exposure image fusion. Conventional quality assessment methods for multi-exposure image fusion mainly focus on grayscale information, while ignoring the color components, which also convey vital visual information. We propose an objective method for the quality assessment of colored multi-exposure image fusion based on image saturation, together with texture and structure similarities, which are able to measure the perceived color, texture, and structure information of fused images. The final image quality is predicted using an extreme learning machine with texture, structure, and saturation similarities as image features. Experimental results for a public multi-exposure image fusion database show that the proposed model can accurately predict colored multi-exposure image fusion image quality and correlates well with human perception. Compared with state-of-the-art image quality assessment models for image fusion, the proposed metric has better evaluation performance.
Combined of Lyapunov-stable and active disturbance rejection control for the path following of a small unmanned aerial vehicle
Authors: Chen Yang , Liang Jianhong , Wang Chaolei , Zhang Yicheng
Published: March 2017

This article proposes a composite path following controller that allows the small fixed-wing unmanned aerial vehicle to follow a predefined path. Assuming that the vehicle is equipped with an autopilot for altitude and airspeed maintained well, the controller design adopts the hierarchical control structure. With the inner-loop controller design based on the notion of active disturbance rejection control which will respond to the desired roll angle command, the core part of the outer-loop controller is designed based on Lyapunov stability theorem to generate the desired course rate for the straight-line paths. The bank to turn maneuver is used to transform the desired course rate to the desired roll angle command. Both the hardware-in-the-loop simulation in the X-Plane simulator and actual experimental flight tests have been successfully achieved, which verified the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Ideology through sentiment analysis: A changing perspective on Russia and Islam in NYT
Authors: Smirnova Anastasia , Laranetto Helena , Kolenda Nicholas
Published: March 2017

This article continues the line of research that combines the paradigm of Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) with quantitative methods. We propose that Linguistic Inquiry and Word Count (LIWC), a software for automated text analysis widely used in social sciences, can enrich the CDA toolkit. The methodological advantage of LIWC is that its semantic categorization was developed and validated independently, which addresses the concerns about subjectivity. In two case studies we use LIWC to analyze the construction and representation of the ‘Other’ in mass media. Study 1 focuses on the representation of Russia in The New York Times (NYT) before and after its annexation of Crimea; Study 2 analyzes the change in sentiment toward Islam in NYT before and after 9/11. We find that in both cases the change in attitude is driven by an increase in negative emotion words rather than by a decrease in positive words.
Indirect effect of management support on users’ compliance behaviour towards information security policies
Authors: Humaidi Norshima , Balakrishnan Vimala
Published: March 2017

Background:

Health information systems are innovative products designed to improve the delivery of effective healthcare, but they are also vulnerable to breaches of information security, including unauthorised access, use, disclosure, disruption, modification or destruction, and duplication of passwords. Greater openness and multi-connectedness between heterogeneous stakeholders within health networks increase the security risk.

Objective:

The focus of this research was on the indirect effects of management support (MS) on user compliance behaviour (UCB) towards information security policies (ISPs) among health professionals in selected Malaysian public hospitals. The aim was to identify significant factors and provide a clearer understanding of the nature of compliance behaviour in the health sector environment.

Method:

Using a survey design and stratified random sampling method, self-administered questionnaires were distributed to 454 healthcare professionals in three hospitals. Drawing on theories of planned behaviour, perceived behavioural control (self-efficacy (SE) and MS components) and the trust factor, an information system security policies compliance model was developed to test three related constructs (MS, SE and perceived trust (PT)) and their relationship to UCB towards ISPs.

Results:

Results showed a 52.8% variation in UCB through significant factors. Partial least squares structural equation modelling demonstrated that all factors were significant and that MS had an indirect effect on UCB through both PT and SE among respondents to this study.

Conclusion:

The research model based on the theory of planned behaviour in combination with other human and organisational factors has made a useful contribution towards explaining compliance behaviour in relation to organisational ISPs, with trust being the most significant factor. In adopting a multidimensional approach to management–user interactions via multidisciplinary concepts and theories to evaluate the association between the integrated management–user values and the nature of compliance towards ISPs among selected health professionals, this study has made a unique contribution to the literature.
Health care to empower self-care in adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus and an immigrant minority background
Authors: Boman Åse , Bohlin Margareta , Eklöf Mats , Forsander Gun , Munthe Christian , Törner Marianne
Published: March 2017

Background:

The pediatric diabetes team aims to support health, quality of life, and normal growth and development among adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus. Adolescents with an immigrant background have been found less successful in self-care. Previous research indicated that adolescents who had integrated the disease as a part of their self-image reasoned differently about their self-care to those who had not.

Objective:

The aim of this study was to identify elements in the patient–pediatrician consultations that might influence such integration of the disease among adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus.

Methods:

A total of 12 pediatrician–adolescent consultations were video-recorded and analyzed. The adolescents all had an immigrant background.

Results:

Integration of the disease appeared enabled when responsibility was shared; when hope, autonomy, and emotions were confirmed; and when the pediatrician asked probing questions. Letting objective data dominate the adolescent’s experiences, using risk as a motivator, neutralizing emotions in relation to having diabetes, and confirming forgetfulness, may instead inhibit disease integration.

Conclusion:

An extended person-centered approach with focus on the adolescent’s experiences of everyday life with a chronic disease and less attention on physical parameters in the pediatrician–adolescent consultations may increase integration of the disease.
Effects of carvedilol on structural and functional outcomes and plasma biomarkers in the mouse transverse aortic constriction heart failure model
Authors: Hampton Caryn , Rosa Raymond , Szeto Daphne , Forrest Gail , Campbell Barry , Kennan Richard , Wang Shubing , Huang Chin-Hu , Gichuru Loise , Ping Xiaoli , Shen Xiaolan , Small Kersten , Madwed Jeffrey , Lynch Joseph J
Published: March 2017

Introduction:

Despite the widespread use of the mouse transverse aortic constriction heart failure model, there are no reports on the characterization of the standard-of-care agent carvedilol in this model.

Methods:

Left ventricular pressure overload was produced in mice by transverse aortic constriction between the innominate and left common carotid arteries. Carvedilol was administered at multiple dose levels (3, 10 and 30 mg/kg/day per os; yielding end-study mean plasma concentrations of 0.002, 0.015 and 0.044 µM, respectively) in a therapeutic design protocol with treatment initiated after the manifestation of left ventricular remodeling at 3 weeks post transverse aortic constriction and continued for 10 weeks.

Results:

Carvedilol treatment in transverse aortic constriction mice significantly decreased heart rate and left ventricular dP/dt (max) at all dose levels consistent with β-adrenoceptor blockade. The middle dose of carvedilol significantly decreased left ventricular weight, whereas the higher dose decreased total heart, left and right ventricular weight and wet lung weight compared to untreated transverse aortic constriction mice. The higher dose of carvedilol significantly increased cardiac performance as measured by ejection fraction and fractional shortening and decreased left ventricular end systolic volume consistent with the beneficial effect on cardiac function. End-study plasma sST-2 and Gal-3 levels did not differ among sham, transverse aortic constriction control and transverse aortic constriction carvedilol groups. Plasma b rain natriuretic peptide concentrations were elevated significantly in transverse aortic constriction control animals (~150%) compared to shams in association with changes in ejection fraction and heart weight and tended to decrease (~30%, p = 0.10–0.12) with the mid- and high-dose carvedilol treatment.

Conclusion:

A comparison of carvedilol hemodynamic and structural effects in the mouse transverse aortic constriction model versus clinical use indicates a strong agreement in effect profiles preclinical versus clinical, providing important translational validation for this widely used animal model. The present plasma brain natriuretic peptide biomarker findings support the measurement of plasma natriuretic peptides in the mouse transverse aortic constriction model to extend the translational utility of the model.
Association of provider opioid prescribing practices and the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services hierarchical condition category score: A retrospective examination of correlation between the volume of provider-prescribed opioid medications and provider panel complexity
Authors: North Frederick , Tulledge-Scheitel Sidna M , Crane Sarah J
Published: March 2017

Objective:

Opioids are being prescribed at increasing rates in primary care practices, and among individual providers there is significant variability in opioid prescribing. Primary care practices also vary significantly in complexity of their patients, ranging from healthy patients to those with multiple comorbidities. Our objective was to examine individual primary care providers for an association between their opioid prescribing and the complexity/risk of their panel of patients (a panel of patients is a group of patients whose medical care is the responsibility of a specific healthcare provider or care team).

Methods:

We retrospectively examined 12 months of opioid prescription data from a primary care practice. We obtained counts of opioids prescribed by providers in the Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota primary care practice. For patients paneled (assigned) to family medicine and internal medicine, we used the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services hierarchical condition category patient risk score as a measure of patient complexity. After adjusting the opioid counts for panel patient count (to get opioid counts per patient), we used linear regression analysis to determine the correlation between the hierarchical condition category risk and the amount of opioid prescribed by individual providers.

Results:

Among our combined 103 primary care providers, opioid unit counts prescribed per patient were highly correlated with the providers’ hierarchical condition category panel risk score (r2 = 0.54). After excluding three outliers, r2 was 0.74. With and without the outliers, the correlation was very significant (p < 0.0001). Subgroup analysis of panels with hierarchical condition category ⩽ 0.45 showed no correlation of opioid prescribing volume with hierarchical condition category (r2 < 0.02; p = 0.32). Provider panels with hierarchical condition category > 0.45 showed significant correlation with hierarchical condition category (r2 = 0.26; p = 0.001).

Conclusion:

When examining differences in primary care providers’ opioid prescribing practices, the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services endorsed risk score (the hierarchical condition category score) can help adjust for population differences of a provider’s patients.
Novel combined patient instruction and discharge summary tool improves timeliness of documentation and outpatient provider satisfaction
Authors: Gilliam Meredith , Krein Sarah L , Belanger Karen , Fowler Karen E , Dimcheff Derek E , Solomon Gabriel
Published: March 2017

Background:

Incomplete or delayed access to discharge information by outpatient providers and patients contributes to discontinuity of care and poor outcomes.

Objective:

To evaluate the effect of a new electronic discharge summary tool on the timeliness of documentation and communication with outpatient providers.

Methods:

In June 2012, we implemented an electronic discharge summary tool at our 145-bed university-affiliated Veterans Affairs hospital. The tool facilitates completion of a comprehensive discharge summary note that is available for patients and outpatient medical providers at the time of hospital discharge. Discharge summary note availability, outpatient provider satisfaction, and time between the decision to discharge a patient and discharge note completion were all evaluated before and after implementation of the tool.

Results:

The percentage of discharge summary notes completed by the time of first post-discharge clinical contact improved from 43% in February 2012 to 100% in September 2012 and was maintained at 100% in 2014. A survey of 22 outpatient providers showed that 90% preferred the new summary and 86% found it comprehensive. Despite increasing required documentation, the time required to discharge a patient, from physician decision to discharge note completion, improved from 5.6 h in 2010 to 4.1 h in 2012 (p = 0.04), and to 2.8 h in 2015 (p < 0.001).

Conclusion:

The implementation of a novel discharge summary tool improved the timeliness and comprehensiveness of discharge information as needed for the delivery of appropriate, high-quality follow-up care, without adversely affecting the efficiency of the discharge process.
Brand heritage: The past in the service of brand management
Authors: Pecot Fabien , De Barnier Virginie
Published: March 2017

Researchers and practitioners talk about brand heritage even though its meaning and its difference from related concepts are not entirely clear. Through a review of the multidisciplinary literature, this article distinguishes brand heritage from the concepts of inheritance, retro, nostalgia, and authenticity. This article defines brand heritage as a dynamic construct based on an inherited or borrowed past, with a view to supporting brand identity and being transmitted. A total of 11 research propositions are presented within an inclusive framework that paves the way for future research and contributes to research on brand management and the role of consumers in creating value.
The Strives, Struggles, and Successes of Women Diagnosed With ADHD as Adults
Authors: Holthe Mira Elise Glaser , Langvik Eva
Published: March 2017

The objective of the study was to aid an understanding of women’s experiences of living with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), with special consideration of the role of stigma and gender-specific issues. Semistructured in-depth interviews were conducted with five women aged 32 to 50 years, all diagnosed with ADHD as adults. The interviews were analyzed in accordance with thematic analysis. The data analyses were centered around five core themes: (a) from unidentified childhood ADHD to adult diagnosis, (b) present main symptoms and challenges, (c) conflict between ADHD symptoms and gender norms and expectations, (d) stigma of ADHD: “People think it’s a fake disease,” and (e) managing ADHD symptoms and identifying strengths. Despite their difficulties, all participants are highly educated and employed, and differ from common portrayals of individuals with ADHD as observably hyperactive, disruptive, or globally impaired. The participants are reluctant about disclosure of their diagnosis, due to fear of negative judgment and lack of understanding from others. The findings highlight the importance of recognizing and targeting ADHD as a serious disorder that yields continuing, and even increasing, impairment in multiple areas into adulthood. Gender-specific issues of ADHD need to be examined further, particularly challenges associated with motherhood. Stigma and the conflict between ADHD symptoms and gender norms complicate women’s experiences of living with ADHD, and should be essential areas of focus in research, educational settings, and the media.
Union Status, Educational Attainment, and Body Mass Index Among Emerging Adults
Authors: Kroeger Rhiannon A.
Published: March 2017

This study uses fixed-effects regression modeling and three waves of data from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health (Add Health) to examine whether union status and educational attainment interact to influence change in body mass index (BMI) during emerging adulthood. The results support the hypothesis that the effect of union status on change in BMI is smaller for those with more educational attainment. In particular, emerging adults with no college education experience significant increases in BMI associated with both marriage and cohabitation. The increases in BMI associated with marriage and cohabitation are significantly smaller for those with some college education—but are still somewhat present. Among emerging adults with college degrees, however, involvement in cohabitation/marriage is not associated with increases in BMI at all. Potential explanations for this pattern of results and suggestions for future research are discussed.