bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Tanggung Jawab Direksi dalam Meningkatkan Citra Bank (Suatu Telaah Yuridis Normatif)
Authors: Puspita Sriayu Indah
Published: November 2021

At this time the banking world has a very important function in the Indonesian economy. Banking is an institution that functions to collect and distribute public funds. For this reason, in order to maintain public trust in the bank, the government continues to try to protect or protect the public from irresponsible persons who can damage public trust in the bank. The issue of civil liability for negligence or carelessness that occurs in a bank can be related to the management of the bank. In order to increase the function of common awareness towards banking institutions, regulations regarding bank secrecy which have been very secretive must be revised immediately. The bank secrecy in question is one of the elements that every bank needs to have as an institution of public trust. Banking practices that violate the laws and regulations in the banking sector as long as these regulations are considered a weakness that can harm their interests, even the owner or management of the bank uses the existing regulatory loopholes so that in the end the bank is in an unhealthy condition. For that we need to know and understand how the bank can improve its image and the role of the board of directors in overcoming the problems faced and how to overcome these problems. The Board of Directors has an important role in the management of the bank, the board of directors is also required to regulate the bank according to its authority and responsibility as stipulated in the articles of association and the provisions of the applicable regulations. The image of the bank is built through communication programs and combined with customer experiences interacting with the bank.
Calculation of the stress – strain state of blades made of polymer composite materials of starting turboexpanders in resonance zones
Authors: Nakonetchnyi Yurii , Yarema Ihor , Batiuk Vitalii
Published: November 2021

An overview of the successful application of modern composite materials for the manufacturing of turbine blades of aircraft gas turbine engines, axial mine and blast furnace compressors. Their main advantages of these materials in comparison with metal are analyzed. Analytical calculations of stresses arising in the material of plastic blades of starting turboexpanders are carried out. The possibility of successful application of glass-filled polyamide for the manufacturing of moving and guide blades of starting turboexpanders and their successful operation at compressor stations of main gas pipelines is substantiated.
Modified VIKOR method as a component of decision support of information technology of the dual form of education
Authors: Lechachenko Taras , Karelina Olena
Published: November 2021

The model for supporting the student decision in choosing the subjects of specialty educational program based on VIKOR multi-criteria optimization method is developed in this paper. The developed model is the component of the dual education information system (when the student is trained in the company and educational institution at the same time on the basis of the contract). This component is a decision support tool for a student training by a dual education, taking into account the expert opinion of stakeholders in the learning process. The criteria of dual education stakeholders for ranking alternatives (subjects of the specialty program): student, educational institution, company are outlined. VIKOR method is modified by the selection of subsystems criteria in order to derive an integrated assessment of experts from different subsystems. The algorithm for integrating ratings of ranking subsystems is developed, taking into account the strategy of maximum group usefulness of VIKOR method. The weighting coefficients of subsystems and their criteria are determined by T. Saati method of hierarchies analysis. In order to take into account the uncertainty associated with the lack of information, intuitionistic fuzzy sets are used to assign assessments of the alternatives ranking by subsystem experts. The proposed modification of VIKOR method makes it possible to rank the alternatives with the involvement of different specialists with their own criteria system. This approach increases the accuracy of the obtained results, as the criteria are further divided into holders subsystems of the ranking problem. This approach enables to carry out deeper and broader analysis of ranking problem aspects. Numerical example of the developed model which confirms the acceptability of its application in practice in the dual educational process application is illustrated in this paper.
Method of operational life’s increasing of transport’s parts due to usage of coatings based on epoxy matrix modified by maleinic anhydride with improved thermal physical properties
Authors: Zhytnyk Danyl
Published: November 2021

The use of a new method of operational life increase of the transport means parts due to the introduction of polymer-based modified materials has been substantiated in the paper under discussion. It is shown that the use of matrices based on epoxy diane oligomers is quite promising direction in protective coatings formation. Some active additives have been applied to improve the properties of epoxy matrices on preliminary stage of their formation. The use of maleinic anhydride modifier containing active to the interphase interaction functional groups is promising as well. Epoxy diane oligomer has been used as the main component for the matrix in the composite formation. The hardener polyethelenepolyamine has been used to link the epoxy compositions enabling to harden the materials at room temperature. The choice of maleinic anhydride as a modifier to improve thermal-physical properties of the developed materials has been substantiated. It has been found that to form a composite material or a protective coating with improved thermal-physical properties it is necessary to apply maleinic anhydride as a modifier in epoxy matrix in the following ratio: q = 0,5 pts.wt. per q = 100 pts.wt. of epoxy oligomer ЕД-20. In this case the material has been formed where, comparing with nonmodified matrix, the indices of glass transition temperature are being increased from Тс = 327 К tо Тс = 335 К, heat resistance (by Martenson) from Т = 341 К to Т = 362 К, and thermal coefficient of linear expansion in the range of temperatures ∆Т = 303…423 К is being decreased from α = 9,9 ×10-5 К-1 to α = 4,4 ×10-5 К-1. It has been proved that the maleinic anhydride content in the matrix with its small fraction (q = 0,5 pts.wt.) has activated the processes of interphase interaction in epoxy CM structure formation, resulted in the increase of number of both physical and chemical bonds per polymer volume unit. This process will involve the increase of gel fraction degree in CM, and, correspondingly, both the cohesion and thermal-physical properties of modified CM have been improved. The developed material under discussion could be efficiently used as a matrix in formation of protective coatings which are to be operated under high temperatures conditions and dynamic or static loadings.
Methods of Creating Creativity through De-familiarization Technique and the Role of the Audience in Interactive Graphics
Authors: Dehkordi Razieh Mokhtari , Azam Atapour
Published: November 2021

The theory of de-familiarization was first introduced in the field of literature and later due to its consistency and maturity, it was also studied in other fields and branches of art. The basis of interactive graphics is based on inviting the audience in the process of forming the work, and the de- familiarization technique can provide a platform for more creativity and interaction. The purpose of this study is to identify ways to create creativity through de-familiarization techniques and the role of the audience in interactive graphics. The question of what interactive graphics is and why they are formed is one of the issues that this research seeks to address. The main question of this article is how interactive graphics can create creative works to attract the audience through the familiarization technique? To achieve the desired goals, a qualitative research method with a descriptive-analytical nature was adopted and the studied works, which were collected through library resources, were analyzed by qualitative content analysis.  The results showed that interactive graphic designers can create more creative and interactive works in the field of graphics through various methods of de- familiarization.
ДИДАКТИЧНІ МОЖЛИВОСТІ ВИКОРИСТАННЯ ЕЛЕКТРОННИХ СЛОВНИКІВ ДЛЯ РОЗВИТКУ ІНШОМОВНОЇ МОВЛЕННЄВОЇ ДІЯЛЬНОСТІ СТУДЕНТІВ НЕМОВНИХ СПЕЦІАЛЬНОСТЕЙ
Authors: Спіцин Євгеній Сергійович , Кирикилиця Валентина Василівна
Published: November 2021

У статті розкрито шляхи застосування інноваційних технологій навчання, серед яких особливе місце належить електронним словникам, для забезпечення якісної іншомовної підготовки студентів немовних спеціальностей закладів вищої освіти (ЗВО). Охарактеризовано переваги електронних словників над їх паперовими аналогами: ефективна система пошуку, багатофункціональність, актуальність, динамічність, великий обсяг словникової бази, варіативність, універсальність. Вказано на низку функцій електронних словників: миттєвий пошук, швидке копіювання, аудіозапис, розпізнавання мови, корисні визначення, наявність лінгвоваріантів, ілюстрування прикладів уживання слів, мультимедіадодатки. Описано основні різновиди електронних словників: онлайн, словники-програми, термінологічні бази даних, портативні, кишенькові, переносні, мобільні. Детально розглянуто характеристики електронного словника Oxford Dictionary of English, яким студенти немовних спеціальностей СНУ імені Лесі Українки успішно користуються на практичних заняттях і під час самостійної роботи. Проаналізовано дидактичні можливості електронних словників для розвитку чотирьох видів мовленнєвої діяльності (слухання, читання, говоріння, письмо) і перекладу. Охарактеризовано основні проблеми використання електронних словників в умовах освітнього процесу ЗВО. Розроблено методичні поради щодо використання електронних словників у різних видах мовленнєвої діяльності. Представлено порівняння результатів анкетування студентів немовних спеціальностей і викладачів щодо частоти використання електронних словників у процесі вивчення іноземної мови впродовж 2008/2010 н. рр. та 2018/2019 н. р., а також результати опитування студентів немовних спеціальностей щодо частоти використання словників під час читання тексту, виконання вправ на розвиток письмових і розмовних навичок, аудіювання (перегляду відео), виконання перекладу. Обґрунтовано доцільність впровадження електронних словників у процес вивчення іноземної мови студентами немовних спеціальностей.
Fonoterapia para mulheres transgênero
Authors: Cielo Carla Aparecida , Schwarz Karine , Gonçalves Bruna Franciele da Trindade , Lima Joziane Padilha de Moraes , Christmann Mara Keli
Published: November 2021

Objetivo: abordar aspectos relacionados à disforia de gênero e à terapia fonoaudiológica, organizando e fornecendo informações sobre os princípios terapêuticos. Métodos: trata-se de uma revisão de literatura por meio de pesquisa em artigos científicos nas bases de dados Pubmed e Science Direct sobre o tema disforia de gênero e voz, nos últimos 20 anos. A pesquisa foi realizada, pelos autores do estudo, de janeiro de 2018 a setembro de 2021, com as palavras-chave: (Pessoas trans) OR (Transexualismo) OR (Transexual) OR (Identidade de Gênero)) AND ((treinamento vocal) OR (voz) OR (qualidade de voz)). Resultados: 31 artigos científicos foram incluídos no estudo. Conclusão: há necessidade de acompanhamento multiprofissional e ratifica-se a importância da fonoterapia, uma vez que o tratamento hormonal e as cirurgias laríngeas não contemplam todas as alterações desejadas na voz e na fala em mulheres transgênero. Dessa forma, o fonoaudiólogo, além de buscar a elevação da f0, deve estimular os maneirismos femininos, minúcias da voz e delicadezas da fala. Verificou-se a importância da realização de cirurgia laríngea associada à fonoterapia para modificação vocal de mulheres transgênero.
A utilização de joelheira na dor e função em pacientes com osteoartrite de joelho e síndrome da dor patelofemoral: uma revisão de escopo
Authors: Oliveira Adriano Carvalho de , Braga Johrdy Amilton da Costa , Silva Neyvan Morais da , Praia Vinicius Amaral , Souza Carlos Júnior Silva de , Moraes Wendreson Barbosa , Silva Thiago Santos da
Published: November 2021

As desordens ortopédicas e/ou reumatológicas acometem com grande frequência o joelho, sendo a osteoartrite (OA) e a síndrome da dor patelofemoral (SDPF) as mais comuns entre essas desordens, e são os principais motivos pela busca por serviços médicos e fisioterapêuticos. Verificar os benefícios da utilização de joelheira na dor e na função do joelho em indivíduos com OA de joelho e a SDPF. Revisão de escopo elaborada conforme a metodologia da JBI. Foram considerados estudos envolvendo pacientes com OA de joelho e SDPF, sem restrição de sexo e raça, com idade ≥ 18 anos, que utilizaram a joelheira como intervenção terapêutica, independentemente do tipo de joelheira, com os desfechos de dor e função ou funcionalidade, que foram publicados nos idiomas inglês, português e espanhol, com data de publicação de julho de 2001 a junho de 2021. As buscas por estudos publicados e literatura cinzenta foram conduzidos na PubMed, BVS, SciELO, PEDro, Catálogo de Teses e Dissertações da CAPES, Sumários.org e BDTD. A seleção dos estudos e apreciação crítica (pela escala PEDro) foram realizadas por dois revisores independentes. Foram incluídos seis estudos, com um total de 337 pacientes. Os estudos ajustaram o uso da joelheira entre 2 ou até 12 horas de utilização sem intervalo, durante 3 a 12 semanas. A utilização de joelheira apresenta benefícios em indivíduos portadores de osteoartrite de joelho e síndrome da dor patelofemoral, promovendo de alívio da dor e melhora da função do joelho. Aconselha-se o uso de joelheiras elásticas (e/ou articuladas), ajustáveis, com reforço patelar.
Projeto de extensão: imigração e inclusão social no Oeste do Paraná, Brasil
Authors: Exime Ethol , Reis Cleoson Moura dos , Gonzalez Aline Costa , Costa Junior Juscelino Martins , Costa Mariell Lima , Ahlert Alvori , Zonin Wilson João , Mattia Vinícius
Published: November 2021

Os imigrantes que chegam no Brasil enfrentam muitos desafios e dificuldades. Entre eles estão o domínio do idioma e a assimilação cultural, que impactam diretamente no seu processo de inclusão social e na sua qualidade de vida. Sendo assim, foi elaborado um projeto, cujo objetivo era auxiliar os imigrantes no processo de acolhimento, que consistiu, principalmente, em aulas gratuitas de língua portuguesa e da cultura brasileira. Buscou-se responder como os projetos de extensão podem contribuir para a inclusão social dos imigrantes haitianos na região Oeste, do Estado do Paraná, Brasil? Este trabalho é de natureza qualitativa, cuja metodologia consiste em uma ideia simples de compartilhamento de conhecimentos, entre tutores e participantes, por meio de um questionário respondido por 27 participantes para obtenção dos dados. Concluiu-se que os projetos de extensão possuem fortes impactos na vida dos imigrantes haitianos, facilitando assim o processo de inclusão social através da aprendizagem linguística.
Plant extract as a strategy for the management of seed pathogens: a critical review
Authors: Almeida Abraão Rodrigues de , Silva Isabel Correia da , Souza Carlos Alberto Fragoso de , Avelino João Raphael Lima , Santos José Eduardo Cordeiro Cezar , Medeiros Erika Valente de , Pinto Kedma Maria Silva
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Seeds associated to fungal pathogens are efficient vehicles for disease dissemination in the field. Such pathogens affect the seed quality and longevity, causing a decrease or loss of germination, discoloration, necrosis, and decay, in addition to leading to the production of mycotoxins in some pathosystems. To control them several synthetic chemicals are used. Nevertheless, the use of synthetic chemicals poses a risk to human health and the environment. Therefore, there is a growing demand for the use of alternative methods for the treatment of seeds, such as plant extracts. This review evaluated the use and efficacy of plant extracts for the control of fungal pathogens associated to seeds. Some control methods are used in seed treatment, plant extracts stand out due to the secondary metabolic in their constitution, which inhibit pathogen growth. The literature review showed that 100% of the studies reported that plant extracts were efficient to control the different pathogens evaluated, 63% stated an increase in seed germination, 21% reported no change in germination, 5% mentioned negative interference, and 11% did not evaluate the use of plant extracts. The aqueous extracts were used as extractors in 72% of the studies. Plant extracts were reported as promising to replace synthetic fungicides in 33% of the studies; however, 67% did not compare their use. Nevertheless, efficient extraction methods are required, considering low persistence and volatilization of plant extracts in the field. Plant extracts are efficient to control fungal pathogens.
Concentrações de metais tóxicos em água, solo e sedimento do rio Formoso, TO
Authors: Guarda Patricia Martins , Rambo Magale Karine Diel , Jaconi Angelica , Guarda Emerson Adriano , Silva José Expedito Cavalcante da
Published: November 2021

As margens do Rio Formoso, Tocantins, Brasil, são cercadas por inúmeros projetos de irrigação para fins agrícolas, que se utilizam dos recursos hídricos. O objetivo desta investigação foi determinação concentração de metais bário, cromo, cobre, zinco, níquel, chumbo, ferro e alumínio, por Espectrômetro de Emissão Atômica de Plasma por Microondas, em amostras de água, solo e sedimento, e caracterização físico-química do solo. As amostras foram coletadas em quatro campanhas (entre abril de 2018 e fevereiro de 2019). A concentração da maioria dos metais na água, se encontram dentro dos valores estabelecidos pela legislação (CONAMA 354/05). Além do alumínio e ferro, que tem concentração naturalmente alta nas águas do Tocantins, o bário apresentou concentração alta comparado aos demais metais. Nas amostras de solo, os valores de Cr e Ba, estão acima do permitido pelo CONAMA 460/13. No sedimento, o Cr também apresentou concentração elevada (CONAMA 344/05). Embora a concentração dos metais não se apresente fora dos padrões legais, estão acima do VRQ (valores de referência de qualidade) para a maioria dos estados. A distribuição dos metais nos compartimentos ambientais após Análise de Componentes Principais (PCA), apresentou comportamentos distintos, Al e Fe distribuídos na água, Mn no sedimento e Cr e Ba no solo. As concentrações de metais são mais altas em pontos amostrados com maior proximidade a atividades agrícolas, o que causa preocupação, com o avanço da agricultura na região, e o aumento de insumos agrícolas para essa produção.
Diagnóstico de dificuldades de ensino-aprendizagem de Física no Ensino Fundamental e Médio e implicações das competências e habilidades das novas diretrizes
Authors: Rocha Denise Ferreira da Silva Soares , Siqueira Crediana , Braga Claudilene Ribeiro , Oliveira Adhimar Flávio
Published: November 2021

Neste trabalho é apresentado resultados de uma pesquisa que teve como objetivo analisar as causas da defasagem existente no ensino de física nos anos finais do ensino fundamental, resultando em dificuldades no aprendizado de física no ensino médio e as implicações das novas diretrizes do ensino fundamental e médio. A pesquisa contou com a revisão de trabalhos que buscam caracterizar as causas de dificuldades apresentadas por alunos nos anos iniciais do ensino médio. Além disso, foram buscadas informações acerca dos tópicos que devem ser abordados nos últimos anos do ensino fundamental e no primeiro ano do ensino médio de acordo com o BNCC e os PCNs, que indicam as habilidades e competências que precisam ser desenvolvidas. Assim, foram elaborados questionários referentes as habilidades e competências que deveriam ser desenvolvidas nos anos finais do ensino fundamental, um questionário direcionado aos alunos e outro sobre a principais dificuldades em sala de aula direcionados aos professores.  Através destes questionários, foram analisadas as repostas de 50 docentes do ensino de ciências dos anos finais do ensino fundamental e 100 alunos do primeiro ano do ensino médio, levaram em conta os tópicos dos documentos do PCN e BNCC. Os resultados indicam dificuldades no ensino de física tanto para professores, que muitas vezes deixam de apresentar alguns tópicos devido a sua formação e para alunos que em consequência apresentam dificuldades ao embarcarem no primeiro ano do ensino médio, indicando a necessidade de uma capacitação dos docentes para melhor atender a formação dos discentes.
Fraturas do fêmur em idosos do Nordeste do Brasil: dados epidemiológicos e gastos para o SUS
Authors: Santos Júnior José Ernando dos , Silva Ronald Bispo Barreto da
Published: November 2021

Objetivos: avaliar dados epidemiológicos incluindo incidência, faixa etária, sexo, cor/raça, mortalidade, média de permanência em internação e os gastos para o Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) relativos às fraturas de fêmur em idosos (≥60 anos) do Nordeste do Brasil. Métodos: estudo descritivo feito a partir de dados secundários provenientes do Sistema de Informações Hospitalares do Sistema Único de Saúde (SIH/SUS). Na plataforma DATASUS foram selecionados filtros representando as variáveis do estudo relacionadas ao período compreendido entre janeiro de 2019 a dezembro de 2020. Os cálculos de incidência foram feitos com base na população da região Nordeste definida pelo censo de 2010 do IBGE. Resultados: houveram 24239 internações por fratura de fêmur no intervalo de tempo estudado. A incidência anual média foi de 22,22 casos a cada 10000 idosos nordestinos. Esses números geraram um custo total ao SUS de R$ 62.713.218,03. Idosos com idade igual ou superior a 80 anos foram a maioria, protagonizando 48,17% das internações. As mulheres apresentaram 2,2 vezes mais internações que os homens. Os homens apresentaram uma taxa de mortalidade maior, 3,97%. Pardos totalizaram a maior parte das internações. Indígenas e brancos apresentaram maior mortalidade. Conclusão: as fraturas de fêmur apresentam elevada incidência em idosos do Nordeste do Brasil e geram gastos onerosos para o sistema de saúde.
Vegetation associations of the endangered fountain darter Etheostoma fonticola
Authors: Edwards CR , Bonner TH
Published: November 2021

Aquatic vegetation provides many services for aquatic habitats and fish communities. The federally listed fountain darter Etheostoma fonticola, found only in spring systems of the San Marcos and Comal rivers in central Texas, is reported to associate with vegetation for feeding, reproduction, and refuge. Descriptions of associations with vegetation range from preferred to exclusive, whereas other studies describe fountain darters found outside of vegetation. The purposes of this study were to quantify fountain darter occurrences and abundances among vegetated habitats using the concept of obligate and facultative habitat use. Wadeable and non-wadeable habitats among multiple reaches of the San Marcos and Comal rivers were sampled with seines and SCUBA diving methods in the spring and fall from 2014 to 2019. Fountain darters were often associated with aquatic vegetation but demonstrated both obligate and facultative tendencies. Fountain darters occurred in vegetation more than expected among wadeable and non-wadeable habitats in the majority of reaches within the San Marcos and Comal rivers. Among vegetation taxa, they were positively associated with bryophytes and negatively associated with Texas wild rice, but associations with other vegetation taxa varied by river and were possibly influenced by other variables. Current vegetation management in both rivers includes the removal of non-native species and restoration of native vegetation, so understanding the patterns of fountain darter associations with vegetation can guide future management and restoration efforts of these spring systems.
Предложения по составлению деформационного паспорта объекта недвижимости
Authors: Аврунев Евгений Ильич , Бакулина Анастасия Андреевна
Published: November 2021

В статье предложена форма деформационного паспорта на объект капитального строительства, для которого необходимо проведение деформационного мониторинга. По аналогии с техническим или межевым планом, деформационный паспорт предлагается формировать из двух частей: аналитической и графической. В аналитической части предлагается помещать информацию, полученную в результате математической обработки результатов геодезических измерений и заключение о возможности безопасного функционирования контролируемого объекта. В графической части отображены данные о месте расположения контролируемого объекта недвижимости и расположение деформационных марок, заложенных в его теле.
Применение беспилотных авиационных систем в кадастровой деятельности
Authors: Антонов Александр Александрович , Гоголев Дмитрий Владимирович , Зазулин Владислав Александрович
Published: November 2021

В статье представлено применение современных программных и технических средств, дается определение и перспективы развития фотограмметрического метода в кадастровой деятельности, а также возможности применения беспилотных летательных аппаратов
Исследование подходов для создания геокогнитивных карт ценового зонирования объектов недвижимости
Authors: Антонов Евгений Сергеевич , Дубровский Алексей Викторович , Беляева Нина Алексеевна
Published: November 2021

В статье показаны задачи, которые можно решить с использованием карт ценового зонирования территории населенных пунктов. Главными задачами являются информационное обеспечение планирования развития пространства города, а также повышение уровня комфортности социально-бытовой инфраструктуры. Предлагается в качестве инструмента картографической визуализации данных о стоимости недвижимости использовать подходы для создания геокогнитивных карт. В статье дано описание пяти предлагаемых авторами способов по созданию цифровых картографических произведений с элементами когнитивного представления информации. Для каждого способа представлен пример оформления геокогнитивной карты ценового зонирования. В заключении сделаны выводы о перспективности применения геокогнитивных карт в современном кадастре и территориальном управлении.
Основные понятия и классификация беспилотных авиационных систем
Authors: Антонов Александр Александрович , Зазулин Владислав Александрович , Иваненко Полина Евгеньевна
Published: November 2021

В статье представлены основные понятия и классификация беспилотных авиационных систем и их составляющей.
Analisis Hukum Independensi Inspektorat Daerah dalam Penyelenggaraan Pengawasan Pemerintahan Daerah
Authors: Safwan Muhamad Ikbal , Tatawu Guasman , Sensu La
Published: November 2021

Penelitian ini difokuskan pada analisis hukum independensi inspektorat daerah dalam penyelenggaraan pengawasan pemerintahan daerah. penelitian ini memfokuskan pada masalah sebagai berikut: 1) Apakah kedudukan hukum inspektorat daerah sebagai bagian dari organisasi perangkat daerah dapat melaksanakan tugas pengawasan secara independen? 2) Bagaimana reorganisasi pelembagaan inspektorat daerah dalam menjalankan tugas dan fungsi pengawasan secara efektif pada pemerintah daerah?Penelitian ini adalah penelitian hukum normatif, Penelitian yang berbasis pada inventarisasi hukum positif, penelitian terhadap asas-asas hukum, dan penelitian hukum inconcreto. Pendekatan yang digunakan adalah pendekatan secara yuridis normatif. Pendekatan secara yuridis normatif adalah pendekatan yang dilakukan dengan cara mempelajari perundang-undangan, teori-teori dan konsep-konsep yang berhubungan dengan permasalahan yang akan diteliti.Penelitian ini menggunakan bahan hukum primer, yaitu bahan hukum yang erat kaitannya dengan permasalahan yang akan diteliti yang meliputi peraturan perundang-undangan dan bahan hukum sekunder yang memberikan penjelasan mengenai bahan hukum primer, meliputi dokumen, buku, makalah, laporan penelitian, serta bahan hukum lainnya yang relevan dengan materi penelitian ini.Berdasarkan penelitian yang dilakukan, hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa independensi inspektorat daerah mutlak dipenuhi dan diperkuat. Penguatan Aparat Pengawas Intern Pemerintah sangat diharapkan guna mewujudkan cita-cita Pemerintah untuk menuju Pemerintahan yang Baik (good governance). Indenpedensi inspektorat daerah merupakan prasyarat dalam melakukan pengawasan yang efektif.
Ratio Decidendi Terhadap Penyalahgunaan Wewenang dalam Tindak Pidana Korupsi (Studi Putusan Nomor: 454/Pid.B/2010/Pn.Kdi)
Authors: Liwati Alsabda , Hidayat Sabrina , Haris Oheo K.
Published: November 2021

Tujuan penelitian dalam penelitian ini adalah: 1) Untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis pembuktian tindak pidana korupsi penyalahgunaan kewenangan pada Putusan Nomor: 454/Pid.B/2010/PN.Kdi. 2) Untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis, ratio decidendi hakim dalam menjatuhkan vonis bebas terhadap terdakwa pada Putusan Nomor: 454/Pid.B/2010/PN.Kdi).Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian hukum normatif. Penelitian hukum normatif adalah suatu proses untuk menemukan suatu aturan hukum, prinsip-prinsip hukum, maupun doktrin-doktrin hukum guna menjawab isu hukum yang dihadapi. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa: 1) Pembuktian oleh jaksa bahwa perbuatan terdakwa merupakan perbuatan melawan hukum karena meminta sejumlah uang dalam kegiatan penyerahan sertifikat setelah kegiatan terlaksana merupakan sebuah kekeliruan karena sesuai dengan perjanjian kerja sama oleh pihak UNHALU dan LPMP yang salah satu poinnya mengenai DIPA pada kenyataannya tidak masuk dalam anggaran untuk penyerahan ijazah yang dilaksanakan di gedung Grand Awani serta biaya legalisasi ijazah dll. Sehingga perbuatan terdakwa mengumumkan pembayaran sejumlah uang untuk kegiatan penyerahan sertifikat dan lain sebagainya bukan merupakan sebuah perbuatan yang melanggar karena belum diatur dalam PP No: 74 tahun 2008 tentang Guru, untuk itu dakwaan jaksa tidak dapat dibuktikan. 2) Majelis hakim memberikan vonis bebas terhadap terdakwa dari segala dakwaan jaksa seperti disebutkan dalam amar putusannya majelis hakim yang menyatakan: Menyatakan terdakwa Nana Sumarna ,S.Pd. M.Kes. tidak terbukti secara sah dan meyakinkan bersalah Melakukan tindak pidana dalam dakwaan Primer, Subsider dan Lebih Subsider; dan Membebaskan terdakwa Nana Sumarna, S.Pd. M.Kes. oleh karena itu dari dakwaan-dakwaan tersebut (Vrijspraak); serta Memulihkan hak terdakwa dalam kemampuan, kedudukan dan harkat serta martabatnya; disebabkan jaksa tidak dapat menghadirkan bukti maupun keterangan yang dapat meyakinkan hakim bahwa terdakwa telah melakukan tindak pidana korupsi.
Kewenangan Biro Hukum Sekretariat Daerah Provinsi Sulawesi Tenggara dalam Penyelesaian Perkara Litigasi di Lingkungan Pemerintah Daerah
Authors: Sucipto Markus Iman , Tatawu Guasman , Sinapoy Muhammad Sabaruddin
Published: November 2021

Adapun jenis penelitian yang gunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah penelitian hukum normatif. Penelitian hukum normatif merupakan suatu proses untuk menemukan aturan hukum, prinsip-prinsip hukum, maupun doktrin-doktrin hukum guna menjawab isu hukum yang dihadapi yang menghasilkan argumentasi, teori dan konsep baru sebagai preskripsi dalam menyelesaikan masalah yang dihadapi. Dengan menggunakan pendekatan perundang-undangan (statute approach), dan konseptual (conseptual approach).Dalam pelaksanaan kebijakan pemerintahan didaerah tidak menutup kemungkinan timbulnya gugatan perkara hukum yang ditujukan kepada Kepala Daerah, Satuan Kerja Perangkat Daerah dan lembaga pemerintahan di bawahnya yang timbul dari pihak swasta, masyarakat maupun perorangan. Dengan adanya perkara hukum tersebut perlu adanya penanganan secara komprehensif untuk penyelesaian sengketa baik di Pengadilan ataupun di luar pengadilan. Perkara hukum dimaksud meliputi perkara litigasi dan non litigasi. Adapun pengertian litigasi adalah penyelesaian permasalahan hukum yang ditangani dan diselesaikan melalui lembaga peradilan. Sedangkan Non Litigasi adalah penyelesaian permasalahan hukum yang ditangani dan diselesaikan di luar lembaga peradilan.Undang-undang Nomor 23 tahun 2014 tentang Pemerintahan Daerah pada Pasal 65 ayat (1) huruf e disebutkan bahwa Kepala Daerah mewakili daerahnya di dalam dan di luar pengadilan, dan dapat menunjuk kuasa hukum untuk mewakilinya sesuai dengan peraturan perundang-undangan. Kuasa hukum di sini dapat dikuasakan kepada kuasa hukum pemerintah daerah (PNSS/ASN) pada biro/bagian hukum, kejaksaan, ataupun advokat berdasarkan UU Nomor 18 tahun 2003 tentang Advokat. Bahwa antara kuasa hukum pemerintah daerah dengan advokat mempunyai peranan yang berbeda dimana Pegawai Negeri Sipil berperan sebagai unsur Aparatur Sipil Negara, sedangkan Advokat adalah berperan sebagai orang yang berprofesi memberi jasa hukum kepada pihak yang memerlukan bantuannya.
Analisis Hukum Penetapan Tersangka dalam Kasus Pungutan Liar (Pungli) sebagai Tindak Pidana Korupsi
Authors: Pandjaitan Darwin , Herman Herman , Haris Oheo K.
Published: November 2021

Saksi selaku pemberi uang dalam kasus Pungutan Liar (Pungli) sebagai Tindak Pidana Korupsi sebagaimana dirumuskan dalam Pasal 12 huruf (e) Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia Nomor 20 Tahun 2001 Atas Perubahan Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia Nomor 31 Tahun 1999 Tentang Pemberantasan Tindak Pidana Korupsi secara hukum tidak dapat ditetapkan menjadi Tersangka memberi suap atau hadiah, karena Saksi selaku pihak yang memberikan uang kepada Tersangka (pelaku pungli) sama sekali tidak punya inisiatif atau niat jahat (mens rea) melainkan karena terpaksa, dimana Tersangka pelaku pungli berada dalam posisi lebih dominan dengan menggunakan kedudukan atau kekuasaan yang ada padanya. Dalam persidangan Penuntut Umum sering kali tidak mampu membuktikan unsur “memaksa” sebagaimana ditentukan dalam Pasal 12 huruf (e) tersebut, sehingga dalam surat tuntutannya Penuntut Umum menjerat Tersangka/Terdakwa dengan menggunakan Pasal 11 Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia Nomor 20 Tahun 2001 Atas Perubahan Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia Nomor 31 Tahun 1999 Tentang Pemberantasan Tindak Pidana Korupsi. Padahal kedua tindak pidana tersebut merupakan 2 (dua) hal yang berbeda.
Analisis Hukum Pengujian Peraturan Desa
Authors: Asri Asri , Tatawu Guasman , Jafar Kamaruddin
Published: November 2021

Tujuan dalam penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis pengujian pembatalan peraturan desa, dan untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis pengujian peraturan dalam sistem hukum di Indonesia. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian normatif yang didasarkan dengan cara mengkaji peraturan perundang-undangan yang berhubungan dengan permasalahan khususnya peraturan perundang-undangan yang berkaitan dengan peraturan desa. Hasil penelitian bahwa kewenangan Mahkamah Agung untuk menguji peraturan perundang-undangan di bawah undang-undang merupakan kewenangan konstitusional dari ketentuan Pasal 24A ayat (1) UUD 1945. Dan selanjutnya, berdasarkan ketentuan Pasal 20 ayat (1) Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia Nomor 48/2009 Tentang Kekuasaan Kehakiman telah ditentukan bahwa Mahkamah Agung merupakan pengadilan negara tertinggi dari badan peradilan yang berada di dalam keempat lingkungan peradilan. Kemudian dalam Pasal (2) ayat UU Kekuasaan Kehakiman telah ditentukan juga kewenangan Mahkamah Agung secara enumeratif yakni: a) mengadili pada tingkat kasasi terhadap putusan yang diberikan pada tingkat terakhir oleh pengadilan di semua lingkungan peradilan yang berada di bawah Mahkamah Agung, kecuali undang-undang menentukan lain, b) menguji peraturan perundang-undangan di bawah undang-undang terhadap undang-undang, c) kewenangan lainnya yang diberikan undang-undang.
Penyerahan Sertifikat kepada Pengadilan oleh Penyidik sebagai Aset Sitaan yang Berimplikasi Tindak Pidana Penggelapan dalam Jabatan
Authors: Safaruddin Safaruddin , Handrawan Handrawan , Haris Oheo K.
Published: November 2021

Tulisan ditujukan untuk menganalisis perintah penyerahan sertifikat kepada penyidik oleh pengadilan dapat berimplikasi sebagai tindak pidana penggelapan dalam jabatan. Dan menganalisis perlindungan yang berkepastian hukum bagi penyidik dalam pelaksanaan tugas dan wewenangnya dalam penyitaan atas tindakan penyerahan sertifikat sitaan ke pengadilan. Penelitian ini menggunakan Pendekatan perundang-undangan, konsep hukum Pidana, dan Pendekatan Kasus. Hasil studi ini menjawab rumusan masalah bahwa penyerahan sertifikat sebagai aset sitaan penyidik kepada pengadilan yang berimplikasi sebagai tindak pidana penggelapan dalam jabatan bukan sebagai tindak pidana. Dalam konteks teori hukum unsur mengetahui dan menghendaki (willens en wetens) sebagai unsur kesengajaan atas kesalahan tidak terpenuhi sehingga tidak dapat dimintakan pertanggungjawaban pidana. Dalam Konteks aturan hukum Pasal 415 KUHP dan Pasal 374 KUHP juga tidak terpenuhi unsur objektif dari penggelapan yakni unsur menyalahgunakan jabatan yang merugikan orang lain karena penyerahan sertifikat kepada pengadilan sesuai dengan Surat Nomor: W23.UI/1080/HT/VI/2017 Perihal tindak lanjut penyelesaian pelaksanaan putusan eksekusi memerintahkan penyidik untuk menyerahkan sertifikat tersebut kepada pengadilan.
Proposed Proof of the Riemann Hypothesis
Authors: Vega Frank
Published: November 2021

For every prime number $q_{n}$, we define the inequality $\prod_{q \leq q_{n}} \frac{q}{q-1} > e^{\gamma} \times \log\theta(q_{n})$, where $\theta(x)$ is the Chebyshev function and $\gamma \approx 0.57721$ is the Euler-Mascheroni constant. This is known as the Nicolas inequality. The Nicolas criterion states that the Riemann hypothesis is true if and only if the Nicolas inequality is satisfied for all primes $q_{n} > 2$. We prove indeed that the Nicolas inequality is satisfied for all primes $q_{n} > 2$. In this way, we show that the Riemann hypothesis is true.
Recent Progresses in NIR-I/II Fluorescence Imaging for Surgical Navigation
Authors: Li Songjiao , Cheng Dan , He Longwei , Yuan Lin
Published: November 2021

Cancer is still one of the main causes of morbidity and death rate around the world, although diagnostic and therapeutic technologies are used to advance human disease treatment. Currently, surgical resection of solid tumors is the most effective and a prior remedial measure to treat cancer. Although medical treatment, technology, and science have advanced significantly, it is challenging to completely treat this lethal disease. Near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence, including the first near-infrared region (NIR-I, 650–900 nm) and the second near-infrared region (NIR-II, 1,000–1,700 nm), plays an important role in image-guided cancer surgeries due to its inherent advantages, such as great tissue penetration, minimal tissue absorption and emission light scattering, and low autofluorescence. By virtue of its high precision in identifying tumor tissue margins, there are growing number of NIR fluorescence-guided surgeries for various living animal models as well as patients in clinical therapy. Herein, this review introduces the basic construction and operation principles of fluorescence molecular imaging technology, and the representative application of NIR-I/II image-guided surgery in biomedical research studies are summarized. Ultimately, we discuss the present challenges and future perspectives in the field of fluorescence imaging for surgical navigation and also put forward our opinions on how to improve the efficiency of the surgical treatment.
Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Paracoccidioides brasiliensis Formation and Treatment of Mixed Biofilm In Vitro
Authors: Medina-Alarcón Kaila Petronila , Tobias da Silva Iara Pengo , Ferin Giovana Garcia , Pereira-da-Silva Marcelo A. , Marcos Caroline Maria , dos Santos Mariana Bastos , Regasini Luis Octávio , Chorilli Marlus , Mendes-Giannini Maria José S. , Pavan Fernando Rogerio , Fusco-Almeida Ana Marisa
Published: November 2021

Co-infection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Paracoccidioides brasiliensis, present in 20% in Latin America, is a public health problem due to a lack of adequate diagnosis. These microorganisms are capable of forming biofilms, mainly in immunocompromised patients, which can lead to death due to the lack of effective treatment for both diseases. The present research aims to show for the first time the formation of mixed biofilms of M. tuberculosis and P. brasiliensis (Pb18) in vitro, as well as to evaluate the action of 3’hydroxychalcone (3’chalc) -loaded nanoemulsion (NE) (NE3’chalc) against monospecies and mixed biofilms, the formation of mixed biofilms of M. tuberculosis H37Rv (ATCC 27294), 40Rv (clinical strains) and P. brasiliensis (Pb18) (ATCC 32069), and the first condition of formation (H37Rv +Pb18) and (40Rv + Pb18) and second condition of formation (Pb18 + H37Rv) with 45 days of total formation time under both conditions. The results of mixed biofilms (H37Rv + Pb18) and (40Rv + Pb18), showed an organized network of M. tuberculosis bacilli in which P. brasiliensis yeasts are connected with a highly extracellular polysaccharide matrix. The (Pb18 + H37Rv) showed a dense biofilm with an apparent predominance of P. brasiliensis and fragments of M. tuberculosis. PCR assays confirmed the presence of the microorganisms involved in this formation. The characterization of NE and NE3’chalc displayed sizes from 145.00 ± 1.05 and 151.25 ± 0.60, a polydispersity index (PDI) from 0.20± 0.01 to 0.16± 0.01, and zeta potential -58.20 ± 0.92 mV and -56.10 ± 0.71 mV, respectively. The atomic force microscopy (AFM) results showed lamellar structures characteristic of NE. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 3’hidroxychalcone (3’chalc) range from 0.97- 7.8 µg/mL and NE3’chalc from 0.24 - 3.9 µg/mL improved the antibacterial activity when compared with 3’chalc-free, no cytotoxicity. Antibiofilm assays proved the efficacy of 3’chalc-free incorporation in NE. These findings contribute to a greater understanding of the formation of M. tuberculosis and P. brasiliensis in the mixed biofilm. In addition, the findings present a new possible NE3’chalc treatment alternative for the mixed biofilms of these microorganisms, with a high degree of relevance due to the lack of other treatments for these comorbidities.
Tibetan Monastics Reflect on Science and Buddhism: (I) The Basic Human Nature and (II) Subatomic Particles
Authors: Gyaltsen Jampa , Gyatso Lobsang , Drongbu Dawa Tsering
Published: November 2021

One of the goals of the historic Emory-Tibet Science Initiative (ETSI) is to catalyze cross-cultural thinking among scientists and Buddhists. Over a decade into the project to elicit such thinking the project sponsored an essay competition among the monastics. Here we feature two of the winners reflecting on different aspects of western sciences and Buddhism, physics and Buddhism respectively, demonstrating how modern science is integrating with the monastics’ traditional training and culture. A key aspect of ETSI is also translation, and these essays, in that spirit were translated from Tibetan to English by one of the project translators.
PymoNNto: A Flexible Modular Toolbox for Designing Brain-Inspired Neural Networks
Authors: Vieth Marius , Stöber Tristan M. , Triesch Jochen
Published: November 2021

The Python Modular Neural Network Toolbox (PymoNNto) provides a versatile and adaptable Python-based framework to develop and investigate brain-inspired neural networks. In contrast to other commonly used simulators such as Brian2 and NEST, PymoNNto imposes only minimal restrictions for implementation and execution. The basic structure of PymoNNto consists of one network class with several neuron- and synapse-groups. The behaviour of each group can be flexibly defined by exchangeable modules. The implementation of these modules is up to the user and only limited by Python itself. Behaviours can be implemented in Python, Numpy, Tensorflow, and other libraries to perform computations on CPUs and GPUs. PymoNNto comes with convenient high level behaviour modules, allowing differential equation-based implementations similar to Brian2, and an adaptable modular Graphical User Interface for real-time observation and modification of the simulated network and its parameters.
Brain Synchrony in Competition and Collaboration During Multiuser Neurofeedback-Based Gaming
Authors: Susnoschi Luca Ioana , Putri Finda Dwi , Ding Hao , Vuckovič Aleksandra
Published: November 2021

EEG hyperscanning during multiuser gaming offers opportunities to study brain characteristics of social interaction under various paradigms. In this study, we aimed to characterize neural signatures and phase-based functional connectivity patterns of gaming strategies during collaborative and competitive alpha neurofeedback games. Twenty pairs of participants with no close relationship took part in three sessions of collaborative or competitive multiuser neurofeedback (NF), with identical graphical user interface, using Relative Alpha (RA) power as a control signal. Collaborating dyads had to keep their RA within 5% of each other for the team to be awarded a point, while members of competitive dyads scored points if their RA was 10% above their opponent's. Interbrain synchrony existed only during gaming but not during baseline in either collaborative or competitive gaming. Spectral analysis and interbrain connectivity showed that in collaborative gaming, players with higher resting state alpha content were more active in regulating their RA to match those of their partner. Moreover, interconnectivity was the strongest between homologous brain structures of the dyad in theta and alpha bands, indicating a similar degree of planning and social exchange. Competitive gaming emphasized the difference between participants who were able to relax and, in this way, maintain RA, and those who had an unsuccessful approach. Analysis of interbrain connections shows engagement of frontal areas in losers, but not in winners, indicating the formers' attempt to mentalise and apply strategies that might be suitable for conventional gaming, but inappropriate for the alpha neurofeedback-based game. We show that in gaming based on multiplayer non-verbalized NF, the winning strategy is dependent on the rules of the game and on the behavior of the opponent. Mental strategies that characterize successful gaming in the physical world might not be adequate for NF-based gaming.