bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of mild cognitive impairment genetic susceptibility risks in a Chinese population
Authors: Zhang Yelei , Li Xiaoyue , Hu Yu , Yuan Hongwei , Wu Xiaodong , Yang Yating , Zhao Tongtong , Hu Ke , Wang Zhiqiang , Wang Guoqiang , Zhang Kai , Liu Huanzhong
Published: February 2022

Background

Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is a kind of non-functional cognitive decline between normal aging and dementia. With the increase of individual age, the quality of cognitive function has become a more and more important topic. The study of gene loci in patients with MCI is essential for the prevention of dementia. In this study, we evaluate the gene polymorphism in Chinese Han patients with MCI by propensity score matching (PSM) and comparing them to healthy control (HC) subjects.

Methods

Four hundred seventeen patients with mild cognitive impairment and 508 healthy people were included. The two groups were matched by applying one-to-one PSM, and the matching tolerance was set to 0.002. The matching covariates included gender,age,occupation,marital status,living mode. Then, a case-control associated analysis was conducted to analyze the genotype and allele frequencies of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the MCI group and the control group.

Results

Three hundred eleven cases were successfully matched in each group, and there was no statistical difference on all the matching variables, gender, age, occupation, marital status, living mode between two groups after the match (P > 0.05). The allele frequency of bridging integrator 1(BIN1) rs7561528 showed minimal association with MCI in the Han Chinese population (P = 0.01). Compared with the healthy control (HC) group, A allele frequency of MCI group patients was significantly decreased. The genotype frequency ofBIN1rs6733839 showed minimal association with MCI in the recessive model (P = 0.03). The genotype frequency of rs7561528 showed minimal association with MCI in the codominant, dominant, overdominant, and log-additive model (P < 0.05). The genotype frequencies of StAR-related lipid transfer domain 6 (STARD6) rs10164112 showed nominal association with MCI in the codominant, dominant, and log-additive model (P < 0.05). Unfortunately, the significant differences did not survive Benjamini-Hochberg false discovery rate correction (adjustedP > 0.05). The patients withSPI1rs1057233 may be the protective factor of MCI (OR = 0.733, 95%CI 0.625–0.859,P < 0.001), and patients withAPOErs10164112 may be a risk factor for MCI (OR = 1.323, 95%CI 1.023–1.711,P = 0.033).

Conclusions

The polymorphisms of rs7561528, rs6733839 loci in theBIN1gene, and rs1057233 loci in theSPI1gene may be associated with the MCI in Chinese Han population. APOE gene was the risk factor of MCI, but further verification in a large sample population is still needed.
Population-based estimates of age and comorbidity specific life expectancy: a first application in Swedish males
Authors: Van Hemelrijck Mieke , Ventimiglia Eugenio , Robinson David , Gedeborg Rolf , Holmberg Lars , Stattin Pär , Garmo Hans
Published: February 2022

Introduction

For clinical decision-making, an estimate of remaining lifetime is needed to assess benefit against harm of a treatment during the remaining lifespan. Here, we describe how to predict life expectancy based on age, Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) and a Drug Comorbidity Index (DCI), whilst also considering potential future changes in CCI and DCI using population-based data on Swedish men.

Methods

Simulations based on annual updates of vital status, CCI and DCI were used to estimate life expectancy at population level. The probabilities of these transitions were determined from generalised linear models using prostate cancer-free comparison men in PCBaSe Sweden. A simulation was performed for each combination of age, CCI, and DCI. Survival curves were created and compared to observed survival. Life expectancy was then calculated as the area under the simulated survival curve.

Results

There was good agreement between observed and simulated survival curves for most ages and comorbidities, except for younger men. With increasing age and comorbidity, there was a decrease in life expectancy. Cross-validation based on six regions in Sweden also showed that simulated and observed survival was similar.

Conclusion

Our proposed method provides an alternative statistical approach to estimate life expectancy at population level based on age and comorbidity assessed by routinely collected information on diagnoses and filled prescriptions available in nationwide health care registers.
Relationship of cytochrome P450 gene polymorphisms with blood concentrations of hydroxychloroquine and its metabolites and adverse drug reactions
Authors: Gao Beibei , Tan Tingfei , Cao Xi , Pan Menglu , Yang Chunlan , Wang Jianxiong , Shuai Zongwen , Xia Quan
Published: February 2022

Background

Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) is a cornerstone therapy for systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA). This study aimed to investigate the relationship of cytochrome P450 (CYP450) gene polymorphisms with blood concentrations of HCQ and its metabolites and adverse drug reactions (ADRs) in patients with SLE and RA.

Methods

A cohort of 146 patients with SLE and RA treated with HCQ was reviewed. The ADRs of the patients were recorded. The blood concentrations of HCQ and its metabolites were measured by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) analysis. Genotyping of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in CYP450, a metabolic enzyme involved in the HCQ metabolic pathway, was performed using a MassARRAY system. The chi-square test, T-test, and one-way analysis of variance were used to analyse data.

Results

Among 29 candidate SNPs, we found that CYP3A4 (rs3735451) was significantly associated with blood levels of HCQ and its metabolites in both the unadjusted model and adjusted model (patients taking HCQ for > 10 years) (P < 0.05). For CYP3A5 (rs776746), a greater risk of skin and mucous membrane ADRs was associated with the TT genotype than with the CT + CC genotypes (P = 0.033). For CYP2C8 (rs1058932), the AG genotype carried a greater risk of abnormal renal function than the AA + GG genotype (P = 0.017); for rs10882526, the GG genotype carried a greater risk of ophthalmic ADRs than the AA + AG genotypes (P = 0.026).

Conclusions

The CYP2C8 (rs1058932 and rs10882526) and CYP3A5 (rs776746) polymorphisms are likely involved in the ADRs of HCQ. Gene polymorphism analysis of CYP450 and therapeutic drug monitoring of HCQ and its metabolites might be useful to optimise HCQ administration and predict ADRs.
Cardiac hypertrophy and insulin therapy in a pre-term newborn: is there a relationship?
Authors: Salvatori Guglielmo , Brindisi Giulia , Colantonio Mario , Zicari Anna Maria
Published: February 2022

Background

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) in newborns is a rare condition with heterogeneous etiologies. While the relationship between hyperinsulinism and cardiac hypertrophy (CH) is known, hyperinsulinism has not been reported as cause of HCM.

Case presentation

We report the case of cardiac hypertrophy (CH) in an Extremely Low Birth Weight (ELBW) infant; this patient underwent insulin therapy after the onset of persistent hyperglycemia due to parenteral nutrition (PN), supporting the hypothesis of a role of iatrogenic hyperinsulinemia in the development of HCM.

Conclusions

The present case underlines the importance of a close cardiological follow-up in infants undergoing insulin infusion for an alteration in the glucose metabolism.
Parasite dynamics in untreated horses through one calendar year
Authors: Steuer Ashley E. , Anderson Haley P. , Shepherd Taylor , Clark Morgan , Scare Jessica A. , Gravatte Holli S. , Nielsen Martin K.
Published: February 2022

Background

Horses are host to a plethora of parasites. Knowledge of the seasonality of parasite egg shedding and transmission is important for constructing parasite control programs. However, studies describing these patterns are sparse, and have largely been conducted only in the United Kingdom. This study evaluated strongylid egg shedding patterns and transmission dynamics of Strongylus vulgaris in naturally infected and untreated mares and foals through one calendar year in Kentucky, USA. The study also investigated the existence of a peri-parturient rise (PPR) in strongylid egg counts in foaling mares and collected information about Strongyloides westeri and Parascaris spp. in the foals.

Methods

This study was conducted from January to December 2018. A herd of 18 mares, one stallion, and 14 foals born in 2018 were followed throughout the year. Sera and feces were collected biweekly from all horses, and worm burdens enumerated in 13 foals at necropsy. An S. vulgaris ELISA antibody test was run on all serum samples. Fecal egg counts were determined for all horses, and coproculture and qPCR assay were employed to test for the presence of S. vulgaris in the mature horses. Data were analyzed using the proc glimmix procedure in the SAS 9.4 software program.

Results

We found a general lack of seasonality in strongylid egg shedding throughout the year among the mature horses, and no PPR was demonstrated. Shedding of S. vulgaris eggs displayed a higher abundance during the spring, but findings were variable and not statistically significant. Anti-S. vulgaris antibody concentrations did not display significant fluctuations in the mature horses, but evidence of passive transfer of antibodies to the foals was demonstrated, and foals assumed their own production of antibodies starting at approximately 20 weeks of age. Overall, colts shed higher numbers of strongylid, ascarid, and S. westeri eggs than fillies.

Conclusions

This study demonstrated a lack of seasonality in strongylid egg shedding for the study population, which is in stark contrast to previous studies conducted elsewhere. This strongly suggests that more studies should be done investigating these patterns under different climatic conditions.

Graphical Abstract
A systematic review and meta-analysis of dietary fat effects on reproductive performance of sows and growth performance of piglets
Authors: Wang Lixue , Zhang Shuai , Johnston Lee J. , Levesque Crystal L. , Yin Jingdong , Dong Bing
Published: February 2022

Effects of added fat in sow diets on the sows’ reproductive performance and offspring growth performance are influenced by multiple factors such as genetics, nutrition, parity, ambient temperatures, and farm management. Individual studies cannot cover all these factors. With the view to address this challenge, we searched all studies that were published from 1986 to 2020, and performed a systematic review and meta-analysis on the fat effect. In total, 19 papers were collected and analyzed. Fat supplementation in sow diets during late gestation and lactation decreased average daily feed intake (ADFI,P< 0.05) and tended to increase average daily energy intake (ADEI,P= 0.11). It had no impact on litter weights at birth (P= 0.40) or weaning (P= 0.46). It increased total numbers of piglets at birth (P= 0.07), but had no effect on liveborn per litter (P= 0.90) or survival rate (P= 0.48) of piglets to weaning. Fat supplementation had no significant effect on sow body weight loss (P= 0.67) or backfat thickness changes (P= 0.66), but sows fed diets with added fat had increased milk fat concentration (P= 0.03) and shorter wean to estrus intervals (WEI,P= 0.01). In specific circumstances, fat supplementation tended to improve growth performance of piglets with low litter weights at birth (P= 0.14), or when the sows lost large amounts of body weight during lactation (P= 0.11). The level of supplemented fat was 10% and higher would decrease liveborn per litter at neutral temperature (P= 0.10). The meta-analysis revealed that fat supplementation to sows diet during late gestation and lactation can be beneficial for sow reproductive performance and litter growth performance.
Features of hardware implementation of quasi-continuous observation devices with discrete receivers
Authors: Maryliv Oleksandr , Slonov Mykhailo
Published: February 2022

This article proposes an approach to the formalization of tasks and conditions for the hardware implementation of quasi-continuous observation devices with discrete receivers in remote sensing systems. Observation devices with a matrix are used in medicine, ecology, aerospace photography, and geodesy, among other fields. In the discrete receivers, the sampling of an image in the matrix receiver into pixels leads to a decrease in the spatial information of the object. In a greater extent, these disadvantages can be avoided by using photosensitive matrix with a regularly changing (controlled) density of elementary receivers-matrix (RCDOER-matrix). Currently, there is no substantiation of the tasks and conditions for the hardware implementation of RCDOER-matrix. The algorithmic formation of a quasi-continuous image of observation devices with the RCDOER-matrix is proposed. The algorithm used a formal pixel-by-pixel description of the signals in the image. This algorithm formalizes the requirements for creating a photosensitive RCDOER-matrix of a certain size, as well as for changing the mechanism for forming and saving a frame with observation results. The application of the developed method will allow multiplying the pixel size of the image relative to the pixel size of the RCDOER-matrix. Developed algorithms for RCDOER-matrix are supplemented by formalizing the tasks that arise when creating prototypes. In addition, the conditions for hardware implementation are proposed, which ensure the completeness of registration of the observation picture, and allow avoiding excessive pixel measurements. Thus, the results of the research carried out approximate the practical application of RCDOER-matrix.
Maternal Stroke Associated With Pregnancy
Authors: Miller Eliza C.
Published: February 2022

PURPOSE OF REVIEW

This article summarizes current knowledge of the epidemiology, pathophysiology, prevention, and treatment of cerebrovascular disease in pregnant and postpartum women.

RECENT FINDINGS

Stroke is a leading cause of maternal morbidity and mortality, and most fatal strokes are preventable. Adaptive physiologic changes of pregnancy, including hemodynamic changes, venous stasis, hypercoagulability, and immunomodulation, contribute to increased maternal stroke risk. The highest-risk time period for maternal stroke is the immediate postpartum period. Migraine and hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, including gestational hypertension and preeclampsia, are major risk factors for maternal stroke. Adverse pregnancy outcomes, including gestational hypertension, preeclampsia, preterm delivery, and fetal growth restriction, are important risk factors for cerebrovascular disease later in life.

Many catastrophic maternal strokes could be avoided with targeted prevention efforts, early recognition of warning signs, and rapid evaluation of neurologic symptoms. Neurologists play a central role in the care of pregnant patients with cerebrovascular disease, whether acute or chronic, and should be familiar with the unique and complex physiology of pregnancy and its complications, particularly hypertensive disorders of pregnancy.
Legal and Ethical Challenges in the Care of the Pregnant Patient After Brain Death
Authors: Kass Joseph S. , Rose Rachel V.
Published: February 2022

Using two scenarios based on real-life cases reported in the media, this article examines the ethical and legal controversies that arise when a pregnant woman dies based on neurologic criteria while her fetus remains alive. In the first scenario, all parties agreed to maintain physiologic support until a safe delivery could be achieved, whereas in the second scenario the woman’s family sought a legal remedy to stop the hospital from continuing to provide physiologic support for the patient and her neurologically devastated fetus.
Mutations in Drosophila tRNA processing factors cause phenotypes similar to Pontocerebellar Hypoplasia
Authors: Schmidt Casey A. , Min Lucy Y. , McVay Michelle H. , Giusto Joseph D. , Brown John C. , Salzler Harmony R. , Matera A. Gregory
Published: February 2022

Mature transfer (t)RNAs are generated by multiple RNA processing events, which can include the excision of intervening sequences. The tRNA splicing endonuclease (TSEN) complex is responsible for cleaving these intron-containing pre-tRNA transcripts. In humans, TSEN copurifies with CLP1, an RNA kinase. Despite extensive work on CLP1, its in vivo connection to tRNA splicing remains unclear. Interestingly, mutations in CLP1 or TSEN genes cause neurological diseases in humans that are collectively termed Pontocerebellar Hypoplasia (PCH). In mice, loss of Clp1 kinase activity results in premature death, microcephaly and progressive loss of motor function. To determine if similar phenotypes are observed in Drosophila, we characterized mutations in crowded-by-cid (cbc), the CLP1 ortholog, as well as in the fly ortholog of human TSEN54. Analyses of organismal viability, larval locomotion and brain size revealed that mutations in both cbc and Tsen54 phenocopy those in mammals in several details. In addition to an overall reduction in brain lobe size, we also found increased cell death in mutant larval brains. Ubiquitous or tissue-specific knockdown of cbc in neurons and muscles reduced viability and locomotor function. These findings indicate that we can successfully model PCH in a genetically-tractable invertebrate.
Time Use and Gender in Africa in Times of Structural Transformation
Authors: Dinkelman Taryn , Ngai L. Rachel
Published: February 2022

Many African countries are still in the early stages of structural transformation. Typically, as economies move through the structural transformation, activities once conducted within the household are outsourced to the market. This has particular implications for women’s time use. In this paper, we document that current patterns of female time use in home production in several African countries closely resemble historical time use patterns in the Untied States. We highlight two stylized facts about women’s time use in Africa. First, in North Africa, women spend very few hours in market work and female labor force participation overall is extremely low. Second, although extensive margin participation of women is high in sub-Saharan Africa, women tend to work in the market for only a few hours each week, with the rest of their work hours spent in home production. These two facts suggest two different types of constraints that could slow down the reallocation of female time from home to market as economies grow: social norms related to women’s market work, and a lack of infrastructure (e.g., household infrastructure and childcare facilities) to facilitate marketizing home production. We discuss recent empirical evidence related to each set of constraints and highlight new avenues for research.
Twitter as a Polarized Space for Civil Society Organizations (CSOs) in Turkey
Authors: Akboğa Sema , Arık Engin
Published: February 2022

Research on the coverage of CSOs on social media and the use of social media by CSOs has been gaining momentum. To contribute to this line of research, this study investigates the coverage of civil society organizations (CSO) on Twitter in Turkey by focusing on the most frequently mentioned organizations. It examines the characteristics of these CSOs as well as the effect that social and political developments in Turkey have on their coverage on Twitter. The data were collected from Twitter for the period between August 18, 2019 and September 17, 2019. We found that CSOs were not equally mentioned on Twitter; a total of 29,387 tweets mentioned 4,941 different CSOs, representing only 3.98% of all CSOs in Turkey. We also found that, with a few exceptions, tweets were not equally distributed in number across the CSOs or over time. Furthermore, the content of the tweets about the most frequently mentioned CSOs was strongly related to the political developments in Turkey, thereby reflecting the politically polarized views about the organizations in Turkey. Therefore, we concluded that ideological divisions in politically polarized countries such as Turkey shape the coverage of CSOs on Twitter.
Εισαγωγή στην αναισθησία με σεβοφλουράνιο και διατήρηση της αυτόματης αναπνοής
Authors: Μήτος Γιακουμής
Published: February 2022

Σκοπός: Η εισαγωγή στην αναισθησία και η διαχείριση του αεραγωγού αποτελούν κρίσιμες φάσεις της χορήγησης αναισθησίας. Η ενδοφλέβια εισαγωγή είναι σύντομη, αλλά απαιτεί άμεση εφαρμογή μηχανικού αερισμού και επιτάσσει την εξασφάλιση του αεραγωγού. Η εισπνευστική εισαγωγή είναι χρονοβόρα, αλλά διατηρεί την αυτόματη αναπνοή. Ο κύριος σκοπός της παρούσας μελέτης είναι η εκτίμηση των συνθηκών διασωλήνωσης που επιτυγχάνονται μετά από εισπνευστική εισαγωγή στην αναισθησία με σεβοφλουράνιο, σε σύγκριση με τις συνθήκες μετά από κλασσική ενδοφλέβια εισαγωγή, που περιλαμβάνει τη χρήση νευρομυϊκών αποκλειστών. Μέθοδος: Εξήντα ασθενείς καταχωρήθηκαν τυχαία σε δύο ομάδες: την ομάδα εισπνευστικής εισαγωγής στην αναισθησία με την τεχνική της ζωτικής χωρητικότητας (Inhalational Vital Capacity Induction With Sevoflurane, IVCIS, n=30) και την ομάδα της κλασσικής ενδοφλέβιας εισαγωγής με προποφόλη 1.5mg/kg, φεντανύλη 2μg/kg και ροκουρόνιο 0.5mg/kg (Standard Intravenous Induction With Propofol, Fentanyl, and Rocuronium, SIPFR, n=30). Οι ασθενείς της ομάδας IVCIS διασωληνώθηκαν όταν εμφάνιζαν BIS<60 και συγκέντρωση τελοεκπνευστικού σεβοφλουρανίου 4% αδιαλείπτως για 8 λεπτά. Κλίμακες αξιολόγησης χρησιμοποιήθηκαν για τη βαθμολόγηση των ποιοτικών χαρακτηριστικών εισαγωγής και διασωλήνωσης. Η στατιστική επεξεργασία των δεδομένων έγινε με το πακέτο SPSS έκδοσης 25.0 (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY). Αποτελέσματα: Οι συνθήκες διασωλήνωσης και εισαγωγής στην αναισθησία ήταν ισότιμες ως προς τα ποιοτικά τους χαρακτηριστικά. Η διάρκεια εισαγωγής στην αναισθησία ήταν μεγαλύτερη στην ομάδα IVCIS. Στην ομάδα IVCIS καταγράφηκε μεγαλύτερη αύξηση της καρδιακής συχνότητας κατά τη διασωλήνωση και στην ομάδα SIPFR καταγράφηκε μεγαλύτερη μείωση της μέσης αρτηριακής πίεσης πριν τη λαρυγγοσκόπηση. Συμπεράσματα: Η εισπνευστική εισαγωγή στην αναισθησία με την τεχνική της ζωτικής χωρητικότητας παρέχει ικανοποιητικές συνθήκες διασωλήνωσης και εμφανίζει ασφαλές αιμοδυναμικό προφίλ, παρά το γεγονός πως η διάρκειά της ήταν πάνω από 12 λεπτά.
Digital twin data: methods and key technologies
Authors: Zhang Meng , Tao Fei , Huang Biqing , Liu Ang , Wang Lihui , Anwer Nabil , Nee A. Y. C.
Published: February 2022

As a promising technology to converge the traditional industry with the digital economy, digital twin (DT) is being investigated by researchers and practitioners across many different fields. The importance of data to DT cannot be overstated. Data plays critical roles in constructing virtual models, building cyber-physical connections, and executing intelligent operations. The unique characteristics of DT put forward a set of new requirements on data. Against this background, this paper discusses the emerging requirements on DT-related data with respect to data gathering, interaction, universality, mining, fusion, iterative optimization, and on-demand usage. A new notion, namely digital twin data (DTD), is introduced. This paper explores some basic principles and methods for DTD gathering, interaction, storage, association, fusion, evolution and servitization, as well as the key enabling technologies. Based on the theoretical underpinning provided in this paper, it is expected that more DT researchers and practitioners can incorporate DTD into their DT development process.
Trap of weights: The reuse of weights in the floating catchment area (FCA) methods to measuring accessibility
Authors: Zhang Lina
Published: February 2022

Background: Geographic weights are vital in the floating catchment area (FCA) method of accessibility measurements due to their simulation of spatial barriers in various ways. When modelling population demand, geographical weights with different distance decay coefficients can reflect diverse distance tolerances in facility utilization and could lead to erratic accessibility results. Quantifying accessibility as the sum of weighted supply-demand ratios can alleviate the distance decay coefficient's influence and generate stable geographic patterns. However, the effects of weighted ratios on different FCA models and resources have not been investigated.

Methods: To identify impacts of weighted ratios on various FCA variants, this study contrasted the accessibility calculated from the sum of ratios (access) and the sum of weighted ratios (access ratios) within three prevalent FCA models: enhanced two-step FCA (E2SFCA), modified two-step FCA (M2SFCA), and three-step FCA (3SFCA). In addition, the accessibilities of various resources evaluate the stability of the weighted ratios' effect. This study therefore examined the accessibilities to primary schools, job opportunities, and major hospitals in Shanghai. Shanghai is a case study that provides lessons on using big data to measure accessibility in metropolitan areas.

Results: Geographic weights can not only mitigate the impact of the distance decay coefficients, but can also eliminate model features, which reduces the performance of the M2SFCA's supply decay and the 3SFCA's population demand adjustment in accessibility results. Moreover, weighted ratios tend to overestimate accessibility in marginal communities that lie within fewer catchments, regardless of the resource type. This tendency can lead to an epistemological trap that creates an inaccurate and counter-intuitive perception of resource distribution in a given area.

Conclusions: The results identify a gap between the methodological logic and the empirical perception in accessibility measurements. This study concludes that the use of geographic weights needs to be cautious and epistemologically consistent.
Improved One-Dimensional Piecewise Chaotic Maps for Information Security
Authors:   Laboratory LAESE, ENIM, University of Monastir, Monastir 5000, Tunisia, Aouissaoui Ichraf , Bakir Toufik , Sakly Anis , Femmam Smain
Published: February 2022

Chaos represents interesting features that are suitable for the cryptography domain. One-dimensional chaotic maps are widely used for security issues due to their simplicity and chaotic behavior versus other multidimensional chaotic maps that can be complex for hardware implementation and hard to analyze. However, classical one-dimensional chaotic maps present a reduced range of chaotic behavior. In this paper, we propose two new piecewise compound one-dimensional chaotic maps; an Altered Sine-Logistic map based on Tent map (ASLT) and a combined Cubic-Tent map (CT). The proposed compound maps combine classical and simple one-dimensional chaotic maps to produce an extensive range of chaotic behavior. The ASLT system comprises a combined Sine-Tent map in the first piece of the function and a combined Logistic-Tent map in the second piece of the function. Then, the CT map is based on the nonlinear fusion operation between the Cubic map and the piecewise Tent map. Simulation results and chaotic behavior analysis are provided using the bifurcation diagram, Lyapunov exponent, initial sensitivity, and Shannon entropy measure. The evaluation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed 1D maps with better chaotic performances, chaotic range, and complexity compared to their corresponding classical chaotic maps. The simple structure and effectiveness of the proposed systems make them suitable for chaos-based cryptography providing better security strength and more randomness.
EC2STO: Enhanced Congestion Control approach for Throughput Optimization in Industrial Wireless Sensor Networks (IWSNs)
Authors:   Department of Computer Science, Institut d'Enseignement Supérieur de Ruhengeri, Musanze and Po Box: 155 Ruhengeri, Rwanda, Gashema Gaspard , Hakizimana Leopord , Uwayezu Marie Chantal
Published: February 2022

Congestion has become a major challenge in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs), specifically in industrial applications, due to the different processing capacities of sensor nodes within a network. Such ineffectiveness reduces the overall performance of the network. Thus, congestion needs to be controlled. A scalable approach to control the packet traffic in industrial WSNs (IWSNs) is proposed in this paper. Relay nodes are introduced to the IWSN to boost the packet transmission rate. Furthermore, the introduced sensor nodes are systematically arranged to form a tree-like topology for network reliability and flexibility. The communication between nodes is executed under the AN1066 MiWi protocol (protocol of the IEEE 802.15.4 family). Simulations using MATLAB showed that the proposed approach outperforms the existing congestion control algorithm. This is because the employed relay nodes and AN1066 MiWi protocol render the proposed approach more effective than the congestion control algorithm, which involves assigning a fixed capacity to every link between nodes, causing a wastage of the link capacity in case nodes that are not transmitting packets exist in the network.
Reactive and Proactive Route Evaluation in MANET
Authors:   Sharad Institute of Technology College of Engineering, Ichalkaranji, Maharashtra, India, Sarao Pushpender , Sharma Mahendra
Published: February 2022

Ad hoc networks are established in small local areas and need very low infrastructure. There is no centralized control system for data communication. Due to frequently changing the position of the nodes create so many challenging issues like throughput, data loss and increase the packet delivery fraction. In this paper, An Ad Hoc On-Demand Distance Vector, Ad hoc On demand Multipath Distance Vector, and Multi‐path dynamic address routing protocols have been analyzed based on various data rates. The evaluation parameters are taken as: average throughput, average delay, packet delivery ratio, packet delivery fraction and latency. Implementation research work has been simulated on network simulator 2.35. It is analyzed that Ad hoc On demand Multipath Distance Vector routing protocol performs better in terms of packet delivery ratio and received packets as compared to Ad Hoc On-Demand Distance Vector and Multi‐path dynamic address routing protocols.
Tropopause Estimation from GPS-RO Space-based by Using Covariance Linear Regression Technique
Authors:   Sharad Institute of Technology College of Engineering, Ichalkaranji, Maharashtra, India, Zali Rohaniza M. , S. Mandeep J.
Published: February 2022

The variation of tropopause height was shown can be lead to changes in weather conditions and also be used as among indicators for climate change activities. Therefore, there are various study was conducted a way to estimate the tropopause location for these purposes through atmospheric profiling from the data collection by various satellite missions. Thus, the recent year shows that the importance of Radio Occultation (RO) data collected by GPS-LEO satellite which has high accuracy data for atmospheric profiling measurement. Furthermore, the RO sounding which are processes from the bending angle profiling using Abel Transform that also correlated with the refractivity profile from the atmosphere layer structure. Due to the sensitivity of RO data towards the atmosphere condition and the different refractivity of atmosphere layer due to the water vapor content, so these studies has been conducted to determine the tropopause location by using the refractivity profile from the space-based station. The vertical resolution data used in this study was collected from 2016 to 2019 from the GRACE and METOPA satellite mission. The tropopause determination using the refractivity profile then has been validated with the current method used such CPT and LRT which define by WMO. The average value of the tropopause distribution has been measured by the latitude zone for both hemisphere and it shows that the good correlation of refractivity profile for tropopause determination with the standard deviation of 0.07951. Thus, from the whole research analysis conducted, the high precision of measurement for tropopause height location at the lower latitude and mid latitude while lower precision measurement in a high latitude >60⁰ due to the double tropopause layer.
NAV2V: Navigation Assisted V2V Routing Protocol for Urban Areas
Authors:   Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Department of Networked Systems and Services, Budapest, Hungary, Teixeira Lincoln H. , Huszák Árpad
Published: February 2022

Vehicular AdHoc networks (VANETs) allow connectivity in dispersed vehicle environments and other difficult access areas, where conventional network systems are not satisfactory. One of the most significant technical challenges faced in implementing VANET is designing an efficient routing protocol that can provide a reliable path between the source and destination of the information. This paper discusses a routing scheme that incorporates the control strategy for transmitting messages and Global Navigation Satellite System (GGNS) information to optimize network routing. This scheme uses geolocation information to select the best path to forward the messages. To simulate communication in real-life scenarios, we used the Simulation of Urban MObility (SUMO) and Network Simulator-version 3 (NS-3) platform to compare our proposed algorithm to the traditional routing protocols scenarios when the number of source-destination pairs varies. Our results show that the proposed NAV2V algorithm can decrease the packet loss rate, end-to-end delay, and enhance network efficiency.
Wypalenie wśród studentów kierunków menedżerskich podczas nauki zdalnej w trakcie pandemii Covid-19 (raport z badań ankietowych)
Authors: Bortnowska Hanna , Seiler Bartosz , Noskowska Aleksandra
Published: February 2022

The development of Covid-19 pandemic forced mass use of distance learning in the school system, including higher education. The rapid change and related consequences may contribute to the so-called academic burnout. The fol- lowing research questions are stated in the article: to what extend did management courses students experience academic burnout while distance learning during the Covid-19 pandemic? How did distance learning change their academic burnout? Did the mode of study (full-time/external) differentiate students’ opinions? The subject of the study comprised of 172 randomly chosen students of management courses, i.e. Management, Economics and Logistics. A technique of an online survey was made use of, using a compartmentalised and standardised survey questionnaire, including The Oldenburg Burnout Inventory questionnaire – student version (The OLBI-S). It was demonstrated that in the majority of subjects academic burnout increased while distance learning during Covid-19 pandemic. A slightly higher level of burnout was detected in the case of ‘exhaustion’ than ‘disengagement’ scale. Moreover, differen- ces between full-time and external students were noticed, as in general a higher level of burnout characterised the former category of respondents.
Program kształcenia ogólnego Marthy C. Nussbaum jako remedium na „cichy kryzys” edukacji
Authors: Lis Ewa
Published: February 2022

Celem artykułu jest przedstawienie i analiza podstawowych elementów programu kształcenia ogólnego autorstwa Marthy C. Nussbaum. Koncepcja edukacji, zaproponowana przez tę amerykańską badaczkę, oparta jest na dwóch podstawowych filarach: 1. Kształcenie w duchu sokratejskim i 2. Kształcenie dla światowego obywatelstwa. Nussbaum opisuje „cichy kryzys” współczesnej edukacji, którego konsekwencją jest brak umiejętności logicznej argumentacji oraz niezachęcanie do samodzielnego myślenia osób młodych. Program kształcenia ogólnego w ujęciu Nussbaum ma być swoistym remedium na współczesny kryzys nauk humanistycznych. Ostatnia część artykułu to analiza krytyczna koncepcji edukacji Marthy Nussbaum.
Słownictwo religijne w dialogu filmowym na materiale rosyjskiego przekładu serii Dekalog
Authors: Paszkowska Anna
Published: February 2022

W artykule omówiono problemy przekładu słownictwa religijnego w dialogach filmowych. W charakterze materiału egzemplifikacyjnego wykorzystano rosyjską wersję językową filmów wchodzących w skład serii Dekalog w reżyserii Krzysztofa Kieślowskiego, opracowaną techniką napisów. Do analizowanego wydania została dołączona broszura z omówieniem tła kulturowego oraz komentarzem do wybranych replik z filmów. Zawartość tej broszury oraz wybrane fragmenty dialogów zostały opisane pod kątem wpływu na możliwości interpretacji poszczególnych scen.
CAÇA DESPORTIVA E CONTROLE DE JAVALIS (SUS SCROFA) EM DUAS REGIÕES DO RIO GRANDE DO SUL, BRASIL: APONTAMENTOS ETNOGRÁFICOS.
Authors: Sordi Caetano , Faria Moreno Sarah
Published: February 2022

O ponto de partida para este artigo é um breve relato de viagem ao Pantanal do Mato Grosso do Sul, no Brasil, a uma fazenda que abrigava um canil especializado na captura de onças-pintadas para estudos científicos. Um lugar onde a pecuária coexiste com o ecoturismo e com projetos de conservação da biodiversidade. O diálogo entre o material etnográfico que apresento e alguns registros e documentos disponíveis sobre a história da fazenda revela diferentes camadas das relações regionais com as onças, contrastando o animal considerado nocivo no passado com a espécie ameaçada que atualmente é foco do interesse conservacionista. O objetivo é refletir sobre contrastes e composições possíveis entre atividades ligadas à biologia da conservação e costumes ligados ao modo de vida pantaneiro, tendo como ponto de partida uso de cães farejadores para captura de animais em estudos científicos
Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder Associated with Cryptogenic Organizing Pneumonia in a Young Patient
Authors: Shafiq Irfan , Wahla Ali Saeed , Uzbeck Mateen Haider , Khan Naureen , Zoumot Zaid
Published: February 2022

Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) is associated with other autoimmune disorders and probably with cryptogenic organizing pneumonia (COP) as well. Here we present the case of a 14-year-old girl presenting with typical NMOSD together with radiological evidence of COP. Our case is unique as the previous two reports of this association were in elderly patients.
Integration of Psyche and Matter and Sandplay Therapy in the Era of Pandemic (Mask, Tal)
Authors: Jang Mikyung
Published: February 2022

In this paper, the symbolic meaning of the pandemic and the role of the sandplay therapist in integration of psyche and matter were attempted to be understood from an analytical psychology perspective. Traditionally, in Korean culture, when an epidemic spreads, mask dance plays such as Byeolshin Tal Chum Gut Nori, which is a shamanistic mask dance where individuals play, and rituals such as these were offered to appease the gods who brought diseases, hoping the god would leave minimal damage while the people waited for it to pass. In that sense, the expression ‘Byeolshin’ refers to both a god and a contagious disease: smallpox as a pandemic in ancient times. The use of the mask, tal, in these shamanistic mask dance plays and rituals is related to the meaning of the ‘mask’. The word “mask” in Korean means mask, but it is also a word that means diseases, problems, breakdowns, shortcomings, difficulties, etc. Also, the “playing” is an interesting part of the ritual, which means that playing has a healing effect and is a way to appease the archetypal fears and anxieties caused by the divine plague. Just as our traditional culture did, in the era of the corona pandemic (mask, mask), sandplay therapists are in a time and situational position to play a role in making clients realize that matter and psyche/spirit, that is, external things, are internal projections. This is because sandplay therapy is a way of playing and a ritual, and it is a symbolic and healing approach that allows each person to meet their inner ‘god’, that is, their true Self. This process must occur first in the therapist, and only the therapist who has experienced such a process can understand the client's process in terms of the archetypal transference-countertransference relationship. Also, it tries to explain the archetypal fear of the pandemic by linking it with the personal complex, and the symbol of the pandemic that appears in sandplay therapy was presented along with the symbols of the earthquake disaster in Nepal.
Auto-ethnography of Self-growth Stories for the Individuation of School Counselors (Professional Teacher-counselors and Professional counselors) Who Are Suffering from ‘Between’ - Based on Insight in Sandplay Therapy and Dream analysis -
Authors: Kim Jin , Shin Hyun Jung , Kim Minji , Park Eunkyung , Son Minji , Oh Kyunghee , Lee Nayoung , Lee Soojin , Lee Eunjung , Jeon Sohee , Ji Sohyun , Jang Mikyung
Published: February 2022

This article aims to provide auto-ethnography for self-growth and individuation through the experience of applying sandplay therapy to school counseling of 11 professional teacher-counselors and professional school counselors, changes in the counseling effect, and the counselors’ own sandplay therapy and dream symbol analysis. The auto-ethnographical research has mainly been about the experiences of one or two researcher(s)-participant(s), but in this study, 11 researchers-participants participated in the study to express and inform their common experiences in school counseling. The researcher-participants have experience of school counseling from 2 years and 5 months to 11 years and 5 months, and they are all female counselors. Research data include dreams and dream associations, sandpictures and association about sandplay pictures, related life events and experiences, contemplation, recollection, insights, observations of researchers/research participants, sharings by group SNS, individual interviews have been used. The four common themes are found: 1. dreaming of becoming school teacher-counselor/school counselor, 2. frustration: self-blame and resentment, 3. searching for breakthrough: finding identity, 4. accepting incompleteness, which is still in progress. Among them, searching for breakthrough: finding identity has two sub-themes: sandplay and dream: encounter with the inner world and wrestling with regrets for children.
Moving out of the silo: trialling a work-based education intervention to mobilise professional identity in integrated teams
Authors: Best Stephanie , Beech Christian , Fletcher-Miles Hayley , Eynon-Jones Sian , Robbé Iain , Williams Sharon
Published: February 2022

Background/Aims

Research on professional identity has largely focused on students, with limited knowledge of how professional identity is mobilised among integrated team members, especially in relation to how this might be achieved through education and training. This study aims to trial a work-based education intervention to mobilise professional identity and gather feedback on the impact on healthcare practitioners.

Method

This multi-method interventional study was centred around 2.5-hour workshops delivered for multidisciplinary teams, aiming to discuss and increase understandings of professional identity and its impact. Participants (n=61) completed a pre-workshop survey to gauge their views of professional identity, teamwork and cognitive flexibility. Data from observation and workshop activities were recorded, and participants completed an evaluation survey at the end of the workshop to identify areas for improvement.

Results

Participants generally welcomed the opportunity to discuss professional identity and the workshop was evaluated well overall. Most participants had a strong sense of professional identity. The design of the workshop needs to be reviewed to ensure that enough time is allowed for action planning.

Conclusion

Managers need to identify opportunities to regularly discuss professional identity and identify the support required for new members of staff joining existing, well-formed integrated teams.
Health inequity in the UK: exploring health inequality and inequity
Authors: Heaslip Vanessa , Thompson Ruth , Tauringana Memory , Holland Sharon , Glendening Nikki
Published: February 2022

In this article, the first of two, Vanessa Heaslip et al examine the factors that lead to certain groups having poorer health outcomes in the UK

Practice nurses are ideally placed within local communities to have a significant impact on addressing health inequities. However, to achieve this they need to understand the many factors that lead to certain groups having poorer health outcomes. Advances in longevity do not automatically match advances in health and wellbeing across all social groups. In the UK, someone living in a deprived area of England is more likely to die eight and a half years younger than someone living in a more affluent area. The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted health inequities faced by ethnic minority groups in particular. This article, the first of two, will define the terminology used, explore access to health services in the UK and present the evidence driving healthcare policy.
Topological photonic crystal biosensor with valley edge modes based on a silicon-on-insulator slab
Authors: Cheng Qi , Wang Shutao , Lv Jiangtao , Liu Na
Published: February 2022

In the development of integrated sensing, how to reduce losses and improve robustness has always been one of the key problems to be solved. The topological photonic crystal structure based on the quantum Hall effect has gradually attracted the attention of researchers due to its unique immune defect performance and anti-scattering performance. Here, we have successfully applied the valley photonic crystal structures to topologically manipulate the light within the band gap of 252 THz-317 THz in a silicon-on-insulator platform. We experimentally demonstrated that satisfactory transmission performance can be obtained using the valley-dependent topological edge states below light cone, even if there are structure defects such as lattice missing and lattice mistake near the interface between two kinds VPCs. Based on the features of topological protection, a triangular cavity consisting of three 10×a-length sides is proposed, and the Q factor value reaches 1.83×105 with little influence from defects. Finally, based on drying etching technology, a biosensor with cavity-coupled waveguide structure was prepared, and the RI sensitivity was 1228 nm/RIU.
Precise electron beam-based target-wavelength trimming for frequency conversion in integrated photonic resonators
Authors: Thiel Lillian , Logan Alan D. , Chakravarthi Srivatsa , Shree Shivangi , Hestroffer Karine , Hatami Fariba , Fu Kai-Mei C.
Published: February 2022

We demonstrate post-fabrication target-wavelength trimming with a gallium phosphide on a silicon nitride integrated photonic platform using controlled electron-beam exposure of hydrogen silsesquioxane cladding. A linear relationship between the electron-beam exposure dose and resonant wavelength red-shift enables deterministic, individual trimming of multiple devices on the same chip to within 30 pm of a single target wavelength. Second harmonic generation from telecom to near infrared at a target wavelength is shown in multiple devices with quality factors on the order of 104. Post-fabrication tuning is an essential tool for targeted wavelength applications including quantum frequency conversion.
Spectral-temporal luminescence properties of Colloidal CdSe/ZnS Quantum Dots in relevant polymer matrices for integration in low turn-on voltage AC-driven LEDs
Authors: Adão Ricardo M. R. , Sun Tangyou , Romeira Bruno , Alpuim Pedro , Nieder Jana B.
Published: February 2022

This work employs spectral and spectral-temporal Photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy techniques to study the radiative mechanisms in colloidal CdSe/ZnS Quantum Dot (QD) thin films without and with 1% PMMA polymer matrix embedding (QDPMMA). The observed bimodal transient-spectral PL distributions reveal bandgap transitions and radiative recombinations after interdot electron transfer. The PMMA polymer embedding protects the QDs during the plasma-sputtering of inorganic layers electroluminescent (EL) devices, with minimal impact on the charge transfer properties. Further, a novel TiO2-based, all-electron bandgap, AC-driven QLED architecture is fabricated, yielding a surprisingly low turn-on voltage, with PL-identical and narrow-band EL emission. The symmetric TiO2 bilayer architecture is a promising test platform for alternative optical active materials.