bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Avanços no tratamento locorregional do câncer de próstata
Authors: Alves Matheus de Sousa , Silva Álvaro Moura e , Learth Gabriel Ribeiro , Santana Francisco Cairo Rios , Carvalho Thulio Mendes de , Borges Ícaro Emanoel de Sousa , Morais Victor Prudêncio Ibiapina de , Vasconcelos Vinicius Santana , Franklin Igor da Rocha Martins , Nascimento Francisco Danilo Fernandes do
Published: February 2025

Objetivo: Analisar as características do câncer de próstata e os avanços no diagnóstico e tratamento. Revisão bibliográfica: O câncer de próstata é o segundo tipo mais comum em homens, representando 29% dos diagnósticos de câncer masculino no Brasil. Localiza-se na glândula prostática, responsável pela produção do líquido seminal. Fatores de risco incluem idade avançada, histórico familiar e mutações nos genes BRCA1 e BRCA2. O diagnóstico é realizado por exame de toque retal, dosagem de PSA e escore de Gleason, que avalia a agressividade tumoral. No tratamento, destacam-se a radioterapia de intensidade modulada (IMRT), com maior precisão e menor toxicidade, e a radioterapia guiada por imagem, que aumenta a eficácia terapêutica. Além disso, a cirurgia robótica na prostatectomia radical oferece menor morbidade e melhor recuperação funcional. Considerações finais: O câncer de próstata apresenta alta incidência e impacto significativo na saúde masculina. Os avanços diagnósticos e terapêuticos, como a radioterapia hipofracionada e as técnicas cirúrgicas minimamente invasivas, têm contribuído para melhores desfechos clínicos, o que destaca a importância de uma abordagem personalizada e multidisciplinar para garantir qualidade de vida aos pacientes.
Nasal stent: A prosthetic solution to maintain airway patency
Authors: Bajoria Anushri , Mohamed Kasim
Published: February 2025

Nasal stents are prosthetic devices designed to maintain airway patency, especially in cases of nasal stenosis resulting from congenital or acquired defects. Prosthetic nasal stents offer a minimally invasive alternative, assisting to support cartilage-deficient tissues and preserving the shape of the nostrils while promoting proper wound healing. This case report presents a 28-year-old male with unilateral post-surgical alar collapse following cleft lip revision surgery. A custom-made nasal stent was fabricated and successfully inserted to restore airway patency and maintain nasal contour.
Analysis of the incidence of myopia in the attached contingent of children
Authors:   Children’s Medical Center of the Office of the President of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russian Federation, Rogozhina I.V. ,   Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation, Obrubov S.A. ,   Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: February 2025

Purpose.

To analyze the incidence of myopia in the attachedcontingent of children and assess the dependence of the incidence on gender and age.

Material and methods. In the conditions of thepolyclinic unit, an analysis of the general morbidity and morbidityof myopia in the attached contingent of children for the period from2016 to 2023 was carried out. For standardization, an analysis ofmorbidity per 1000 attached contingent was carried out, i.e.,morbidity was recorded in ppm (‰). The ratio of myopia by degreeand gender was analyzed in % or in fractions.

Results.

Gender in the increased incidence of myopia of the attached contingent wererevealed. The tendency of alternating periods of «stretching» and«rounding» with the progression of myopia, depending on age, hasbeen established. There was no increase in myopia in the postCOVID period in the attached contingent of children.

Key words: myopia, attached contingent, gender, age, age periodization.
Analysis of the incidence of ophthalmological pathologies among the population living in the influence zone of the nuclear industry
Authors:   Siberian State Medical University, 2 Moskovsky trakt, Tomsk, Russian Federation, 634050, Takhauova L.R. ,   Seversk Biophysical Research Center of the Center of the Federal Medical and Biological Agency, Seversk, pereulok Chekist 7, building 2. Russian Federation, 636039, Krivosheina O.I. ,   Siberian State Medical University, 2 Moskovsky trakt, Tomsk, Russian Federation, 634050
Published: February 2025

The study of ophthalmopathology incidence among the population of the closed administrative-territorial entity (ZATO) Seversk from 2012 to 2023 revealed a significant decrease in the incidence of eye and adnexa diseases. Among men, the incidence decreased by 143.6%, while among women, it decreased by 171.5%. The main factors contributing to this decrease were improvements in the quality of diagnostics and treatment, the implementation of preventive measures, and an increase in the medical literacy of the population. The most common diseases were muscle disorders of the eye, disorders of binocular movement, accommodation, and refraction, as well as lens and conjunctiva diseases. The results of the study highlight the importance of continuing scientific research and developing health protection strategies to improve the quality of life for the population of monotowns and ensure the sustainable development of industrial regions.

Keywords: ionizing radiation, long-term technogenic external exposure, morbidity
Bilateral uveitis caused by taking a protein kinase inhibitor in the treatment of cutaneous melanoma (clinical observation)
Authors:   The S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, the Khabarovsk Branch, Khabarovsk, Russian Federation, Udovichenko E.V. , Sorokin E.L. ,   The S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, the Khabarovsk Branch, Khabarovsk, Russian Federation,   Far-Eastern State Medical University, Khabarovsk, Russian Federation
Published: February 2025

A clinical case of bilateral uveitis with macular edema in a 48-year-old female patient associated with long-term use of vemurafenib (an antitumor drug — BRAF kinase inhibitor) is presented. In 2010, the patient underwent surgical excision of melanoma of the shin skin followed by lymph node dissection of metastases in the femoral-inguinal-iliac localization. From 2018 to 2021, she took vemurafenib prescribed by oncologists at a dose of 960 mg 2 times a day. Bilateral uveitis with macular edema developed against the background of its using. Clinical signs of uveitis and macular edema were relieved by the use of corticosteroids, but a tendency to recurrence remained. Long-term remission was achieved only after complete discontinuation of vemurafenib. The data of dynamic OCT examination of the retina are presented during the use of an antitumor drug and after its discontinuation.

Keywords: uveitis, macular edema, vemurafenib
Analysis of inflammatory complications of intravitreal injections of anti-VEGF
Authors:   Сity Clinical Hospital No. 35, Nizhny Novgorod, Tsyganova T.A. , Skorokhvatova E.V. ,   Сity Clinical Hospital No. 35, Nizhny Novgorod, Denisenko A.N. ,   Сity Clinical Hospital No. 35, Nizhny Novgorod, Murashova V.K. ,   Сity Clinical Hospital No. 35, Nizhny Novgorod
Published: February 2025

Today, intravitreal injections, according to some sources, are ahead of cataract surgery in the number of cases. Due to the increase in the number of injections performed, postoperative complications have become more common, which, according to literary sources, are associated with a particular anti-VEGF drug. The most unpleasant in the practice of an ophthalmic surgeon are postoperative complications of an inflammatory nature, such as iridocyclitis, uveitis, endophthalmitis.

Purpose of the study. The goal is to identify possible causes of inflammation, trace the dependence on the administered drug, if any, and formulate basic measures to prevent inflammatory postoperative complications.

Material and methods. A retrospective analysis of all cases of intravitreal injections for the period 2021–2024 (a total of 1305 intravitreal injections were made) and complications that arose in the postoperative period was performed on the basis of the State Healthcare Institution of the Nizhny Novgorod Region "City Hospital No. 35". All anti-VEGF drugs available on the market (ranibizumab, aflibercept, faricimab, brolucizumab) were used. A total of 5 inflammatory reactions were recorded during the period taken: 4 vitreitis and 1 iridocyclitis.

Conclusions. Preoperative preparation with antibiotic therapy does not exclude the risk of inflammatory complications. Intravitreal injections must be performed in an operating room in compliance with aseptic and antiseptic requirements. Postoperative inflammatory complications did not depend on the drug administered.

Keywords: endophthalmitis, angiogenesis inhibitors, anti-VEGF therapy, intravitreal injections
A case of unilateral far-reaching necrotizing herpesvirus retinovasculitis against the background of chronic cytomegalovirus and EBV infection
Authors:   NAO "Kazakh National Medical University named after S. Asfendiyarov", Almaty, Kazakhstan, Issakhanova J.Y. , Duysenova A.K. ,   NAO "Kazakh National Medical University named after S. Asfendiyarov", Almaty, Kazakhstan, Zhumabek D.E. ,   FGAOU VO "RUDN named after Patrice Lumumba", Moscow, Russia
Published: February 2025

The article presents our own clinical observation of the features of the diagnosis andtreatment of severe necrotizing retinovasculitis in a 20-year-old patient with an undiagnosedherpesvirus infection. An extended examination helped to determine the etiology of thedisease. The dynamics of the disease and the results of follow-up for 3 months afterinpatient treatment are presented. The treatment made it possible to stop the infectiousprocess without surgery and significantly improved visual functions.

Keywords: retinovasculitis, herpesvirus infection, Epstein – Barr virus, cytomegalovirus, acuteretinal necrosis
Сhronic infectious processes in ophthalmology
Authors:   Voronezh State Medical University named after N.N. Burdenko ,10 Studencheskaya Street, 394036 Voronezh, Russian Federation, Kovalevskaya M.A. , Filina L.A. ,   Voronezh State Medical University named after N.N. Burdenko ,10 Studencheskaya Street, 394036 Voronezh, Russian Federation, Halayqa A.I. ,   Voronezh State Medical University named after N.N. Burdenko ,10 Studencheskaya Street, 394036 Voronezh, Russian Federation
Published: February 2025

Purpose: to increase the effectiveness of the diagnosis and treatment of chronic specific inflammatory diseases of the organs of vision.

Material and methods. The study included 589 patients who were examined and received complex treatment for infectious and allergic eye diseases. Helmholz National Investigation Center, Voronezh Regional Clinical Ophthalmic Hospital and Regional center of specialized types of assistance.

Our study included chronic conjunctival infections lasting more than 4 weeks.

The duration of patient monitoring is from one month to 5 years, follow-up of the patients, partners or family members for 3 years or more.

Results. The study was carried out in patients with chlamydial infection (589) and with chronic infectious diseases that lasted more than 4 weeks, following patients and family members for 3 or more years. During this period, we performed more than 3 studies for each patient — for diagnostic laboratory studies and 2 consecutive controls 1 and 2 months after treatment, mixed infection was detected in 256 people (10%), the proportion of women was 20–30 years is 67%, men — 51%. In 27% of cases, communities of Ch. trachomatis and Ureaplasma parvum as leading causative agents of eye infections.

Conclusions. Chlamydia is most often found together with Ureaplasma parvum (27% of cases among mixed infections). Treatment of various forms of chlаmidia infection is carried out with the help of Floxal (0.3% ofloxacin — drops and ointment).

Keywords: chlamydial infection, mixed infection, chronic inflammation, fluoroquinolones, ofloxacin
DNA extraction procedure based on magnetite nanoparticle: A Plackett-Burman design optimization
Authors: Tjoa Stanley Evander Emeltan , Mudasir Mudasir , Suharyadi Edi , Daryono Budi Setiadi
Published: February 2025

The MNPs-based DNA extraction method is a commonly used method, but research for its optimization has rarely been done using OFAT. Plackett-Burman is an experimental design used to analyze many factors. In this study, we used Plackett-Burman to screen several factors in the MNPs-based DNA extraction step such as MNPs type, MNPs amount, MNPs solvent, binding buffer, washing buffer, washing method, drying and elution buffer on the concentration and purity of the extracted DNA. Based on Plackett-Burman analysis, none of the factors had a significant effect on the concentration and purity of the extracted DNA.

The analysis also informed the interaction effect between the MNPs amount (in the range 2 – 5 mg) and type (the use of TEOS up to 0.25 w/v) on DNA concentration even though it was not significant. Model 9, one of the models given by the Plackett-Burman matrix was used to extract DNA from environmental bacteria and several types of specimens spiked with Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The extracted DNA has good integrity. It could also be amplified by conventional PCR and probe-based qPCR methods.
A Retrospective Study on the Bacteriological Profile and Antibiotics Sensitivity along with Resistance Pattern in Neonates with Sepsis in a Tertiary Care Hospital of Salem District, Tamil Nadu
Authors: Kothai Ramalingam , Logesh J. , Lyanderlivinston D. , Madhumitha S. , Arul Balasubramanian
Published: February 2025

Neonatal sepsis is the leading cause of infant mortality and morbidity on a global scale. This was a retrospective study that aimed to assess and to evaluate the bacteriological profile, antibiotic resistance and sensitivity pattern in neonates with sepsis in a tertiary care hospital. The neonatal cases with sepsis were selected by inclusion and exclusion criteria. All neonates with a clinical suspicion of sepsis with a positive blood culture were identified. Patient demographics, clinical details, maternal risk factors and laboratory data including bacteriological profiles. Antimicrobial susceptibilities were analyzed and recorded. Out of 110 neonatal cases, the most predominant bacteria isolated were Gram-negative organisms, they were Klebsiella pneumonia (n=27, 41.5%), Acinetobacter sp (n=14, 21.5%) and the majority of Gram-positive bacterial isolate was Staphylococcus aureus (n=9, 20%).

The antibiotics Amikacin (79.3%), Gentamycin (76.1%), Imipenem (74.6%), Meropenem (71.4%) and Ciprofloxacin (69.8%) were sensitive and Ampicillin (87.3%), Amoxiclav. (71.4%), Cefopodoxime (66.6%) and Cefuroxime (61.9%) were resistant to Gram-negative bacteria. The antibiotics Amikacin (88.8%), Gentamycin (82.2%) and Chloramphenicol (86.6%) were sensitive and the antibiotics Ampicillin (77.7%), Cefixime (73.3%) were resistant to Gram-positive bacteria. The research aids us in concluding that regular antibiotic surveillance is essential at the study site to reduce antibiotic resistance.
In silico analysis of modified quinine derivatives and their inhibitory implications on Covid variants
Authors: Anjana S. , Maria Linsha , Jayakumar K.
Published: February 2025

Corona viruses are a wide category of viruses classified as Orthoviridae. They were previously documented in the 1920s as an acute respiratory infection that causes disorders in chickens, bats and humans. Since 2019, it has posed a severe threat to the world. Many variants have emerged including Delta viruses, Omicron and others. The severity and side effects of these viral diseases are worsening by the day and no effective treatment is available. COVID-19 symptoms include fever, cough, weariness, loss of taste and smell, sour throat and other mild to severe symptoms such as difficulty in breathing or shortness of breath, loss of speech and chest pain. These viral diseases even have an impact on mortality rates. Vaccination is being utilised as a preventive measure. Because no single treatment is thought to be effective against the corona virus, antimalarial drugs such as hydroxychloroquine, chloroquine, amodiaquine, quinine, lumefantrine, mefloquine, primaquine and halofantrine were employed. There have been no studies on the modified samples of these chemicals and their efficiency against the covid virus.

As a result, the focus of this work was mostly on the utility of these anti-malarial drugs which were adjusted in silico using Gauusian view and optimised and afterward docked using Autodock vina to understand the binding affinity. The binding affinity is calculated using command prompt software. The inclusion of functional groups transformed these molecules. These modified and unmodified compounds were docked against the proteins Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (SARS-CoV 2) and Omicron spike protein in this study. A comparison study was also conducted between SARS-CoV 2 protein and Omicron spike protein and it was discovered that there is variation in affinity between different modified and unmodified antimalarial medicines. Docking research shows that modified Hydroxychloroquine, Chloroquine, Amodiaquine, Quinine, Lumefantrine, Mefloquine, Primaquine and Halofantrine medicines are more efficacious than unmodified ones. Additional clinical testing may be warranted.
Untersuchungen an römischen Wandmalereien
Authors: Giovanoli R.
Published: February 2025

Fragments of Roman wall painting from Switzerland have been investigated by electron microscopy, X-ray and electron diffraction, electron microprobe analysis and by X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy. X-ray fluorescence showed that the significant elements of the pigments were copper, calcium and silicium for blue, and iron for yellow, red, brown and light green specimens, respectively. By X-ray diffraction and selected area electron diffraction Egyptian Blue CaCuSi4O10 could be evaluated. Red pigments give X-ray patterns of Hematite α-Fe2O3. From microprobe analyses, the author considers yellow pigments to be Ochres (Kaolinite with traces of a-FeOOH) and light green pigments Glauconite, a clay mineral containing Fe2+ and K+. The structure of the painting was evaluated and compared with Vitruv’s instructions. The technical quality of the specimens described seems to be much lower than that of specimens from Italy, which have been described in the literature.
Дендрологическая коллекция Чебоксарского филиала Главного ботанического сада им. Н.В. Цицина РАН
Authors: ДИМИТРИЕВ  А.В. , БАЛЯСНАЯ  Л.И. , ПРОКОПЬЕВА  Н.Н. , САМОХВАЛОВ  К.В.
Published: February 2025

Приведены результаты работы по созданию, сохранению и расширению дендрологической коллекции Чебоксарского филиала Главного ботанического сада РАН, принципы и методы ее формирования, количественные и качественные показатели. Дендрологическая коллекция филиала включает 1554 таксона из различных флор мира Северной Америки, Европы, Азии: 927 видов, 57 форм и 175 сортов деревьев, кустарников и 395 таксонов плодовоягодных растений (13 видов, 382 сорта). Коллекционные растения служат базой для научных исследований по изучению биологического разнообразия флоры Среднего Поволжья, для образовательной и экологопросветительской деятельности, являются источником посадочного материала для производственных маточных плантаций, активно используются для импортозамещения растительной продукции.

The article presents the results of the creation. preservation and expansion of the dendrological collection. principles and methods of its formation, quantitative and qualitative indicators. The collection of the Branch includes 1554 taxa from the various floras of the world North America, Europe, Asia: 927 species, 57 forms and 175 varieties of trees and shrubs interesting for introduction, and 395 taxa: 13 species, 382 varieties of fruit plants. Collection plants serve as a basis for scientific research on the study, conservation and increase of biological diversity of the Chuvash Republic, for educational, ecological and educational activities, are a source of planting material for the creation of production uterine plantations, are used actively for import substitution of the vegetable production.
Действие узкополосного спектра фотосинтетически активной радиации на рост и развитие тюльпанов при зимней выгонке
Authors: КОНДРАТЬЕВА  В.В. , ВОРОНКОВА  Т.В. , ШЕЛЕПОВА  О.В. , СЕМЕНОВА  М.В. , ОЛЕХНОВИЧ  Л.С. , ЕНИНА  О.Л. , СЕРАЯ  Л.Г. , КАЛЕМБЕТ  И.Н.
Published: February 2025

Изучали влияние досветки светодиодными панелями на сроки цветения, качество цветков и продолжительность сохранения их декоративных качеств в срезке у тюльпанов из класса Триумф, сорт Strong Gold. В зимний период в умеренных широтах продолжительность светового дня недостаточна для формирования полноценных генеративных побегов. Необходима досветка до 1416 часов в сутки. Используя светодиодные панели можно не только продлить световой период, но и изменить качественный состав света. В нашем опыте при восьмичасовой досветке использовали белый свет (II вар.) панель в сочетании синий 25 красный 59 УФ 8 ИК 8 (III вар.) панели с синим 30 и красным 70 светом (IV вар.) и естественный свет в качестве контроля (I вар.). В итоге опыта установлено, что растения досвеченные светодиодными панелями (III и IV вар.) зацвели раньше, их биометрические и анатомические характеристики указывают на лучшее развитие генеративных побегов по сравнению с контролем и досветкой белым светом (II вар.), а срезанные растения дольше сохраняют хорошие декоративные качества.

The influence of the board with LED panels on the time of flowering, the quality of flowers and the duration of preservation of their decorative qualities in the cut of tulips from the class Triumph, class Strong Gold were studied. In winter, in temperate latitudes, the duration of the light day is insufficient to form fullfl edged generative escapes. It is necessary to board up to 1416 hours a day. Using LED panels, you can not only extend the light period, but also change the quality composition of the light. In our experience, white light (II var) was used at the eighthour board Panel in combination blue 25 Red 59 UV 8 IR 8 (III var) Panels with blue 30 and red 70 light (IV var.) and natural light as control (I var.). As a result of the experience, it has been found that plants covered with LED panels (III and IV var.) have grown earlier, their biometric and anatomical characteristics indicate better development of generative shoots compared to control and plating with white light (II var.), and cut plants retain good decorative qualities longer.
Перспективы использования озимой тритикале из коллекции ГБС РАН в хлебопечении
Authors: КУЗНЕЦОВА Н.Л. , ЕРМОЛЕНКО О.И. , ГРАДСКОВ С.М. , КЛИМЕНКОВА И.Н. , КЛИМЕНКОВ Ф.И. , ИВАНОВНА Л.П. , УПЕЛНИЕК В.П.
Published: February 2025

Тритикале (Triticosecale) новая сельскохозяйственная культура, создана в результате отдаленной гибридизации представителей родов Triticum и Secale. Тритикале удачно унаследовала положительные свойства ржи нетребовательна к плодородию почвы, ее кислотности, зимостойка и засухоустойчива. Имеет ряд недостатков высокостебельность, прорастание на корню, поражение корневыми гнилями. По технологическим свойствам зерно тритикале, выше свойств зерна ржи, но уступает показателям пшеницы. В работе приведены данные показывающие, возможность использования муки Trititrigia cziczinii Tsvel. в качестве улучшителя муки зерна тритикале. Установлено, что мука из зерна трититригии в пропорции 40:60 повышает технологические свойства последней и может использоваться как улучшитель зерна низкого качества.

Triticale, as a separate agricultural crop, was created by crossing wheat and rye and, as a result of selection, inherited positive dominant genes from rye in it undemanding to soil fertility and acidity, winter hardy and droughtresistant. However, it also has a number of disadvantages vysokostebennost, sprouting on the root, damage by root rot. According to the technological properties, triticale grain is higher than the properties of rye grain, but inferior to wheat. Using distant hybridization, wheatwheatgrass hybrids were obtained by crossing wheat with different types of wheat grasses, which in turn greatly exceeded the biological and technological parameters of wheat (drought and frost resistance, resistance to phytopathogens, pests, soil and climatic conditions, level mineral nutrition, protein, gluten, etc.). The studies clearly show that flour from PPG grain when using flour from triticale grain in equal proportions can increase the technological properties of the latter and can be used as an improver for lowquality grain.
О ФОРМАХ НАХОЖДЕНИЯ ХИМИЧЕСКИХ ЭЛЕМЕНТОВ И ИХ СОЕДИНЕНИЙ В ПОЧВАХ
Authors: РОЕВА Н.Н. , РОЗАНЦЕВА Л.Э. , ВОРОНИЧ С.С. , ЗАЙЦЕВА И.А. , ЯНКОВСКИЙ С.А.
Published: February 2025

Почва на городских территориях выполняет разнообразные экологические функции: пригодность для произрастания зеленых насаждений, способность сорбировать в толще загрязняющие вещества и удерживать их от проникновения в подземные воды, регулировать газовый состав атмосферного воздуха путем выделения и поглощения почвенных газов (метан, аммиак, CO2 и др.). Однако в результате антропогенного воздействия городские почвы существенно меняются и приобретают ряд специфических отличий, главными из которых являются: наличие включений строительного и бытового мусора в верхних горизонтах изменение кислотнощелочного баланса с тенденцией к подщелачиванию высокая загрязненность тяжелыми металлами, нефтепродуктами, компонентами выбросов промышленных предприятий изменение физикомеханических свойств почв (пониженная влагоемкость, повышенная плотность, каменистость и т.д.) и др. В связи с этим контроль за ее состоянием является на сегодняшний день достаточно актуальной задачей. Представлены многолетние авторские наблюдения о формах нахождения различных элементов и их соединений в городских почвах.

The soil in urban areas has a variety of environmental functions: suitability for the growth of green spaces, the ability to sorb pollutants in the thickness and prevent them from penetrating underground water, regulate the atmospheric air composition by extracting and absorbing soil gases (methane, ammonia, CO2, etc.). However, as a result of anthropogenic impact, urban soils change significantly and acquire a number of specific differences, the main of which are: the presence of inclusions of construction and household waste in the upper horizons changes in acidbase balance with a tendency to alkalization high pollution by heavy metals, petroleum products, components of emissions of industrial enterprises a change in the physical and mechanical properties of soils (reduced moisture capacity, increased density, rockiness, etc.), etc. In this regard, monitoring its condition is today quite an urgent task. The article presents longterm authors observations on the forms of finding various elements and their compounds in urban soils.
АНАЛИЗ СОВРЕМЕННОГО ЭТАПА РАЗВИТИЯ СОРТИРОВКИ КАК КЛЮЧЕВОГО ЭЛЕМЕНТА ПРОЦЕССА УПРАВЛЕНИЯ ОТХОДАМИ
Authors: АЛЯМОВСКАЯ Н.С. , НЕЧИПОРЕНКО М.В.
Published: February 2025

Рассмотрен обобщенный процесс управления отходами на основе практики разных регионов с выделением основных этапов в данном процессе. Показано, что сортировка является одним из самых важных этапов управления отходами: если она отсутствует или проведена некачественно, качество вторичного сырья ухудшается изза наличия инородных включений. В результате оно может быть непригодным для дальнейшего использования. Проведен литературный анализ источников по теме сортировки отходов, а также систематизированы основные современные и перспективные способы сортировки. Выделены основные проблемы в использовании текущих методов и обозначен перспективный подход к оптимизации процесса сортировки.

The article considers a generalized waste management process with the identification of the main stages based on the different regions practice. It is shown that sorting is one of the most important stages of waste management: if it is not presented in this process or carried out properly, the quality of secondary raw materials deteriorates due to the presence of different inclusions. As a result, such secondary raw materials may be unsuitable for further use. A literature analysis on waste sorting is carried out, and the main modern and promising methods for sorting are systematized. The main problems in using current methods are highlighted and a promising approach to optimizing the sorting process is outlined.
СВЕТЛОЙ ПАМЯТИ А.Е. МАЛЫХ
Authors: ИГНАТУШИНА И.В.
Published: February 2025

Данная статья посвящена Алле Ефимовне Малых – доктору физико-математических наук, профессору Пермского государственного гуманитарно-педагогического университета, автору более 400 работ в области комбинаторного анализа, истории и методологии математики. Многие из ее работ опубликованы в ведущих научных и педагогических журналах. Долгое время она заведовала кафедрой геометрии. Основала две научные школы: «История математики (комбинаторный анализ)», «Теория и методика обучения математике в школе и вузе». Являлась соруководителем и почетным профессором Уральского центра истории науки и образования – филиала Института истории естествознания и техники РАН. 13 февраля 2019 года после продолжительной болезни ее не стало.

This article is dedicated to Alla Efimovna Malykh – Doctor of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Professor of the Perm State Humanitarian-Pedagogical University, the author of over 400 works in the field of combinatorial analysis, history and methodology of mathematics. Many of her works are published in leading scientific and pedagogical journals. For a long time she headed the department of geometry. She founded two scientific schools: «The history of mathematics (combinatorial analysis)», «Theory and methods of teaching mathematics in school and university». She was a co-director and an honorary professor at the Ural Center for the History of Science and Education, a branch of the Institute of the History of Science and Technology of the Russian Academy of Sciences. February 13, 2019 after a long illness, she was gone.
О ПОТЕНЦИАЛЕ НЕУПРУГОГО ВЗАИМОДЕЙСТВИЯ ЯДЕР НУКЛИДОВ
Authors: МОСЯЖ В.М. , ОСТРЕЦОВ И.Н. , ФИЛИППОВ Г.А.
Published: February 2025

Представлены данные о пределах высвобождения энергии в барионных каналах прямого и периферического неупругого взаимодействия ионов (с электрическим 93z0 и барионным 239a0 зарядами) ядерного каскада с ядрами нуклидов (97Z0 и 253А0). Подтверждена зависимость потенциала неупругого взаимодействия ядер нуклидов, проявляющегося в объёмах энерговыработки и обусловливающей её трансмутации нуклидов, от энергии, z и a ионов первичного пучка, массовой доли, Z и А актинидов в потоке частиц ядерного каскада. Отмечена согласованность оценок коэффициента умножения мощности пучка протонов с энергией 10 ГэВ и 17 ГэВ в крупногабаритных мишенях из обеднённого урана (не менее 10 и 14, соответственно) с экспериментальными значениями, полученными путём облучения протонами с энергией от 0.30 ГэВ до 0.66 ГэВ подобной мишени массой 3.5 т.

Data on the limits of energy release in the baryon channels of direct and peripheral inelastic interaction of ions (with electric 93z0 and baryon 239a0 charges) of the nuclear cascade with nuclei of nuclides (97Z0 and 253a0) are presented. The dependence of the inelastic interaction potential of nuclei of nuclides, manifested in the amount of energy and causing its transmutation of nuclides, on the energy, z and a ions of the primary beam, the mass fraction, Z and a of actinides in the flow of particles of the nuclear cascade is confirmed. It is noted that the estimates of the power multiplication factor of a proton beam with energy of 10 GeV and 17 GeV in largesize depleted uranium targets (at least 10 and 14, respectively) are consistent with the experimental values obtained by irradiating protons with energy from 0.30 GeV to 0.66 GeV of such a target with mass of 3.5 t.
ДЛЯ ПОВЫШЕНИЯ ЭФФЕКТИВНОСТИ БИЗНЕС-ПРОЦЕССОВ НА ПРЕДПРИЯТИЯХ ЭЛЕКТРОННОЙ ПРОМЫШЛЕННОСТИ (НА ПРИМЕРЕ КОНТРОЛЯ КАЧЕСТВА ПРОДУКЦИИ)
Authors: Булин А.А. , Шацкая И.В. , Бурлаков В.В.
Published: February 2025

В сложившихся условиях развитие отечественной электронной промышленности имеет важное значение для всей промышленности в целом. Обусловлено это тем, что в настоящее время практически любое производимое техническое изделие содержит электронные компоненты и, в дальнейшем спрос на электронную продукцию будет только увеличиваться. Помимо объемов производства большое значение имеет качество электронных компонентов, которое, к сожалению, пока уступает импортной продукции. Имеющееся отставание связано не только с техническим и технологическим отставанием, общей культурой производства, но и с низкой эффективностью происходящих на предприятиях электронной промышленности бизнес-процессов. Одним из таких процессов является контроль качества продукции. Данная работа посвящена повышению эффективности процесса контроля качества продукции за счет использования искусственного интеллекта. В статье рассматриваются существующие методы контроля качества продукции на предприятиях по производству электроники, описан процесс создания платы на одном из заводов производства электроники. В работе доказано, что использование оптического метода контроля совместно с искусственным интеллектом способно существенно повысить эффективность рассматриваемого бизнес-процесса. В качестве примера представлен процесс анализа электронного компонента на основе использования компьютерного зрения. Применение искусственного интеллекта для контроля качества на предприятиях электронной промышленности позволит сократить затраты на брак и определить возможные «слабые места» в процессе производства.
СРАВНИТЕЛЬНЫЙ АНАЛИЗ ИННОВАЦИОННЫХ ИТ-РЕШЕНИЙ ДЛЯ ОБЕСПЕЧЕНИЯ НЕПРЕРЫВНОСТИ БИЗНЕС-ПРОЦЕССОВ КОММЕРЧЕСКИХ СТРУКТУР
Authors: Цыплакова П.Ю. , Булин А.А. , Бурлаков В.В.
Published: February 2025

В настоящее время риск возникновения непредвиденных обстоятельств является неотъемлемой частью бизнеса. Эффективность управления в подобных ситуациях напрямую зависит от готовности организации к внештатным событиям. Обеспечение непрерывности бизнес-процессов становится краеугольным камнем успешной работы компаний в современном мире, особенно в контексте информационной безопасности, анализе рисков, прогнозировании угроз. Сегодняшние условия рынка требуют от компаний сохранения конкурентоспособности и устойчивости, что делает обеспечение непрерывности бизнеса одним из ключевых направлений стратегического и оперативного управления. Ведется активная разработка подходов к управлению непрерывностью бизнеса, включая алгоритмы выявления рисков и разработку мер по их минимизации с использованием как внутренних, так и внешних ресурсов. Планирование непрерывности бизнеса приобретает первостепенное значение, особенно для коммерческих организаций, поскольку нештатные и чрезвычайные ситуации могут возникнуть внезапно независимо от успешности и размера компании. Готовность организации к различным сценариям развития событий, даже самым маловероятным, свидетельствует о заботе руководства о безопасности бизнеса и о заинтересованности сторон, что положительно сказывается на репутации компании. Программное обеспечение для управления непрерывностью бизнеса помогает компаниям выявлять риски, проводить анализ влияния на бизнес, повышать устойчивость организации и внедрять политики и процедуры для минимизации последствий возможных сбоев. Цифровые платформы, такие как управление непрерывностью бизнеса, помогают компаниям продолжать работать в обычном режиме в случае непредвиденных обстоятельств, таких как перебои в подаче электроэнергии, кибератаки и наводнения. В статье рассматриваются текущие тенденции внедрения автоматизированных систем в области непрерывности бизнеса, а также проводится анализ преимуществ и недостатков существующих ИТ-продуктов в этой сфере. В работе приведены примеры как отечественных, так и зарубежных систем
Cognitive Reactivity to Sad Mood as a Risk Factor for Depressive Recurrence
Authors: Miloseva Dijana
Published: February 2025

According to cognitive theories of depression, vulnerability for onset and recurrence lies in some kind of cognitive dysfunction, or maladaptive cognitive information processing. This literary review paper aims to clarify the role of cognitive reactivity to sad mood as a risk factor to depressive recurrence, mechanism and measurement in order to provide tailor treatment and prevention for depression. Comprehensive searches of PsycInfo, PubMed and Web of Science were conducted. Teasdale’s differential activation hypothesis suggests that the initial depressive episode establishes specific dysfunctional patterns of processing that lie latent after recovery but that can be reactivated by depressed mood. This activation would in turn strengthen the dysfunctional processing patterns and thereby create a vicious loop of depression recurrence. Teasdale calls this concept cognitive reactivity. Cognitive Reactivity (CR) is the extent to which an individual experiences a negative shift in cognitive content and processes during a sad mood. Finding from our review suggests that CR can be conceptualized as a risk factor that is present in vulnerable individuals before depression-onset, that distinguishes between vulnerable and non-vulnerable groups even when in remission, and that predicts depression relapse.There also research evidence that the duration of the first depressive episode, regardless of its intensity, is of crucial importance in the formation of cognitive reactivity to sad mood.Based on findings from different countries we conclude that Index for Depression sensitivity, LEIDS-R is a promising test for measuring cognitive reactivity to sad mood (CR). The results obtained from previous research indicate the importance of an interactive approach when examining the factors that contribute to the recurrent course of depression.
Cervical Lymph Node Metastases from Unknown Primary Tumor
Authors: Milosev Vladimir
Published: February 2025

Introduction: Metastases of the lymph nodes of the neck originating from cancers of an unknown primary site represent a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge. Metastatic carcinomas of unknown primary site (CUPS) account for about 3-5% of all malignant disease diagnoses. Planocellular carcinomas account for 90% of cancers of unknown site, while the remaining 10% are poorly differentiated and adenocarcinomas.Materials and methods: This paper presents three case reports of patients with surgical treatment at the Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, Clinical Hospital, Stip, who had metastases of the lymph nodes of the neck with the unknown primary tumor site.Results: We fallow diagnostic protocols which include a detailed clinical examination, radiological diagnostics, fine needle biopsy (FNAB) of the tumor change in the neck, esophagogastroduodenoscopy, detailed examination of the naso, oro and hypo pharynx, evaluation of the laryngeal structures. In all patients, after the clinical evaluation, ultrasonography, otorhinolaryngological examination, neck CT and fine needle biopsy were performed. FNAB findings showed metastatic deposits from squamous cell carcinomas. The therapy of metastases from CUPS includes surgical treatment (neck dissection) and the use of radiotherapy (RT), and some authors also recommend chemoradiotherapy, in cases with advanced regional disease. Conclusion: Significant advances in diagnostic and operative techniques have increased the probability of identifying the primary tumor, as well as its regional and systemic spread. If CT or MRI does not identify a primary site, PET/CT scans should be performed before surgical biopsy. Although high-quality data on treatment protocols are lacking, patients with more advanced stages of regional disease require combined treatment that includes neck dissection, and postoperative radiotherapy with or without chemotherapy.
DOS-like strategy for the spirocyclic MedChem relevant building blocks via Petasis / Grubbs reactions sequence
Authors: Herasymchuk Maksym , Melnykov Kostiantyn , Druzhenko Tetiana , Filatov Yaroslav , Dudenko Dmytro , Ostapchuk Eugeniy , Volochnyuk Dmytro , Ryabukhin Serhiy
Published: February 2025

The efficient, preparative, and scalable DOS-like approach to 3D-shaped spirocyclic piperidines, including functionalized by carboxylic and additional amino functions, and azepanes based on Petasis/Grubbs reactions sequence in a multigram scale was elaborated. This strategy opens the door for novel 16 Bemis Murco scaffolds. The chemoinformatically generated amide-based compound libraries demonstrated significant expansion of the chemical space of tangible compounds (on the example of Enamine’s REAL database). This model study has shown broad perspectives on utilizing the DOS-like approach on the building block level in combination with well-developed methodologies for parallel synthesis for decoration and extension of ultra-large tangible chemical space to increase the speed and quality of drug discovery screening campaigns.
Machine learning-guided materials and system co-design for high-pressure hydrogen compression
Authors: Witman Matthew , Davis Brendan , Stavila Vitalie , Johnson Terry
Published: February 2025

Cost effective and reliable hydrogen compression remains a challenging barrier in the wide-spread adoption of hydrogen as an energy carrier. The prevailing technology of mechanical compression suffers from several drawbacks, some of which can be addressed by non-mechanical compression strategies (e.g., electrochemical or metal hydride-based thermal compression). Thermally driven metal hydride compression strategies typically rely on multi-stage metal hydride-based compressors; however, discovering or optimizing low-stability metal hydrides that can pressurize hydrogen upwards of 1000 bar is difficult, both with respect to computational predictions and experimental validation. Here we (1) demonstrate that simple machine learning-derived design rules can inform rational design of alloying strategies yielding low-stability hydrides, (2) validate their experimental pressure-composition-temperature (PCT) isotherms up to 875 bar, and (3) utilize a dynamic systems-level model of a metal hydride compressor design to evaluate their performance under realistic operating conditions. Importantly, this analysis yields predicted operational efficiencies of both 2-stage (90-875 bar) and 3-stage (20-875 bar) metal hydride compressors to enable further evaluation of this technology and its techno-economic outlook.
Grafted Coiled-coil Peptides as Multivalent Scaffolds for Protein Recognition
Authors: Acevedo-Jake Amanda , Mylemans Bram , Kay Danielle , Zhang Peiyu , Korona Boguslawa , Rhys Guto , Leney Aneika , Huang Danny , Edwards Thomas , Itzhaki Laura , Woolfson Derek , Andrew Wilson
Published: February 2025

Self-assembled peptides are promising templates for the design of inhibitors of protein-protein interaction (PPI) because they can be endowed with affinity- and selectivity-defining amino ac-ids alongside favorable physicochemical properties such as solubility and stability. Here we describe a tunable coiled-coil scaffold and its interaction with MCL-1, an α helix-binding anti-apoptotic protein and important target in oncology. We explore the role of oligomerization, multivalency and co-operativity in PPI inhibition. Hot-spot residues from an MCL-1 binding peptide (NOXA B) are grafted onto the outer surfaces of homo- and hetero-dimeric coiled-coil peptides to obtain inhibitors with mid-nM potency and selectivity over BCL-xL. Binding of ho-modimeric coiled coils to MCL-1 is positively co-operative resulting in stabilization of both part-ners. Homodimeric coiled coils support binding of two copies of the target protein. Modification of the coiled-coil sequence to favor assembly of higher-order scaffolds (trimer and tetramer), negatively impacts inhibitory potency, with AlphaFold2 modelling and biophysical data indicat-ing a complex interplay between coiled-coil oligomerization and target binding. Together, these data establish dimeric coiled coils as the most-promising of such scaffolds to develop inhibitors of α helix-mediated PPIs.
Synthesis and evaluation of pseudoglucosinolates (psGSLs) releasing isothiocyanates (ITCs) in the presence of azoreductases
Authors: Chakrabarti Aishi , Ganskow Charity S. G. , Kagho Mervic D. , Jimidar Claire C. , Wiese Lorenz , Beyazit Neslihan , Beutling Ulrike , Seeger Margarita , Smits Silvana , Nyström Stella , Farewell Anne , Schallmey Anett , Brönstrup Mark , Klahn Philipp
Published: February 2025

Naturally occurring isothiocyanates (ITCs) display multiple interesting bioactivities, but their medicinal exploitation is very limited as ITCs are non-druglike compounds with problematic pharmacokinetic properties. The concept of pseudoglucosinolates (psGSLs) provides a novel prodrug approach for the release of ITCs which can be adjusted to different triggers such as enzymatic and chemical microenvironments. Here, we report the first adaptation of this concept towards the release of ITCs in the presence of azoreductases within a turn-on fluorescence probe and underline its applicability in covalent protein labelling.
MOF-based Catalysis of Hydrolytic Destruction of Nerve Agent Simulants: The Complex Role of Lewis-acid Strength
Authors: Sheridan Thomas , Wedam Rohan , Tang Esther , Hupp Joseph
Published: February 2025

In practical applications of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) as catalysts for hydrolytic destruction of chemical warfare agents (CWA), such as those entailing integration of the MOF with fabric for protective equipment, co-incorporation of a basic buffer is essential for sustained catalytic turnover – in part, because the salient nucleophile is the hydroxide ion. These buffers will have different pH values, and it has become clear that pH differences can translate to dramatic effects on MOF-catalyzed rates. Predicting the relative magnitude and even the direction of rate variations, however, is hindered by an incomplete understanding of the rate laws involved in CWA (or agent simulant) hydrolysis and their relationship to the nature of the catalyst active-site. Here, we have experimentally examined, with a simulant, a series of Lewis acidic UiO-66-series MOFs (UiO-66-NO2, UiO-66(-H), and UiO-66-NH2) with varying active-site Lewis acidities as determined by their functional groups, and correlate their catalytic performance at different pH values with their measured relative Lewis acidity and with catalyst characteristics governed by Lewis acidity. This comparison is extended to Lewis basic MOFs Zn- and Cu-MFU-4L, with the conclusion that the Lewis acidity of the active site plays a complex, but decisive role in determining the pH that maximizes the rate of hydrolysis. Furthermore, an explanation for this behavior based on the rate-determining steps for hydrolysis is presented, with the rates for hydrolytic attack and for node aqua ligand displacement by an agent simulant being the source of the correlation between optimal pH values and active-site Lewis acidity. Notably, the observation of a peaked maximum in plots of hydrolysis rate versus pH points to a pH-correlated change in rate-determining step. Finally, these results suggest that the selection of certain MOFs as the “best” for nerve agent hydrolysis is largely based on an arbitrary selection of buffer and pH value.