bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A prospective observational study to evaluate the impact of pre-operative investigations on resource utilisation and peri-operative management in elective surgeries
Authors: Duggal Rashmi , Vanjare Hemant , Chandra Alka , Deshmukh Chetana , Panwar Neha
Published: September 2020

During the past decades, practice of routine investigations prior to surgery has been challenged as it has little impact on perioperative management but increases cost, causes delay and increases laboratory load. We aimed to prospectively assess the influence of pre-operative investigations on resource utilisation and peri-operative management in elective surgeries.

Prospective observational study was done in 500 Patients, who attended pre-anaesthetic check-up (PAC) for elective surgeries. Number of investigation already performed before arriving in PAC and their results in terms of normal and abnormal tests were noted. Based on National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) guideline, the test was considered as indicated or unindicated. These patients were then followed up till the post-operative period and any referral, further investigation or delay done during pre-operative was noted. An abnormal test result was said to be impactful if it resulted in referral, delay or further investigations. Cost analysis was done for every test that was considered not necessary based on NICE guidelines.

Majority (60.6%) of the patients had at least one abnormal test results on routine pre-operative tests, but only 6.93% of all tests performed had any impact in terms of referral, further testing or delay. Only 5 (0.14%) of all 3462 abnormal test had significant impact which it lead to change in perioperative management.

The practice of prescribing large number of routine pre-operative investigations is prevalent in the institution. Most of the investigations are done without following any guidelines, which leads to wastage of resources.
Randomised clinical trial to compare ultrasonography guided gastric volume in patients after overnight fasting and after ingestion of clear fluids two hours before surgery
Authors: Patil Manjunath C , Prajwal B
Published: September 2020

Aspiration of the gastric contents in the peri-operative period is a serious complication of surgery and anaesthesia. Pre-operative fasting aims to decrease the volume and increase the pH of gastric contents, hence reducing the risk of aspiration. According to the past literature gastric contents of 25 ml (0.4ml/kg) and with pH </= 2.5 predisposes the patient to pulmonary aspiration hence pre-operative fasting was recommended. But prolonged fast doesn’t guarantee empty stomach. Use of two-dimensional ultrasonography is an accurate non-invasive tool to determine gastric volume. With an aim to reduce the hours of pre-operative fasting without increasing the risk of aspiration pneumonia we compared the gastric volume using ultrasonography and pHof gastric aspirate by pH strip in patients after overnight fasting and after ingestion of 200 ml clear fluids (water) 2 hours prior to surgery.

The study was conducted in 60 ASA I patients undergoing elective surgery after obtaining Institutional ethical committee clearance & written informed consent from all the patients. Thorough pre anaesthetic evaluation was done, investigations were noted. After having achieved the inclusion and exclusion criteria and having obtained informed consent, patients were randomized based on computer generated randomization table into one of the two groups.

Group A: Patients with Overnight fasting

Group B: Patients receiving 200 ml of clear fluids (water) 2 hours before surgery.

Gastric antral dimensions were noted and gastric volume was calculated.

We observed that the age and gender distribution were comparable between the two groups. The mean gastric volume by USG in group A is 29.7±8.0ml and group B is 19.2±4.9 ml. The reduced gastric volume in group B is statistically significant (<0.00001).

The mean pH of gastric aspirate in group A is 1.4 and group B is 2.63. The results reveal that group B has a better results in terms of pH of the gastric contents and is statistically significant (p<0.00001).

The mean gastric volume in patients who had consumed 200 ml of clear fluid 2 hours prior (group B) was lesser than patients who fasted overnight (group A).

The mean pH in patients who had consumed 200 ml of clear fluid 2 hours prior (group B) was higher than patients who fasted overnight (group A).
Comparative efficacy of oral gabapentin versus melatonin for attenuation of haemodynamic response to direct laryngoscopy and endotracheal intubation
Authors: Samyukta Yedidi , Vidhya N
Published: September 2020

Several drugs have been tried and used to attenuate the haemodynamic response to direct laryngoscopy and endotracheal intubation. In this study, we have compared the efficacy of Gabapentin and Melatonin, an endogenous hormone, in attenuating the haemodynamic response to direct laryngoscopy and endotracheal intubation.

60 patients of ASA physical status I and II scheduled to undergo elective surgeries were randomly allocated to three groups: the Control group, Melatonin group and Gabapentin group. Placebo, 6mg melatonin, or 300mg gabapentin respectively were administered orally to the patients in the three groups 120min before surgery. Pre-operative anxiety score, induction dose of propofol and the patient’s heart rate and blood pressure were recorded. The haemodynamic parameters were recorded every minute for 5 minutes after intubation and then at 10 and 15min after intubation.

Patients in the study groups were found to have significantly reduced pre-operative anxiety scores and dose of propofol required for induction was also significantly lower than control. Heart rate was found to be significantly lower in the study groups at all time points. Systolic blood pressure was significantly lower in the study groups at 1, 2, 3, 4, 10 and 15min after intubation. Diastolic and Mean blood pressures were significantly lower in the study groups at 1 and 2min after intubation. Post-hoc tests showed no significant differences between the two study groups.

Both melatonin and gabapentin are effective in attenuating the haemodynamic response to direct laryngoscopy and endotracheal intubation. Both drugs are also effective in reducing pre-operative anxiety and also reduce the induction dose of propofol.
Changes in endotracheal tube cuff pressure during the open and laparoscopic surgery
Authors: Chauhan Pallavi , Punera D C , Palaria Urmila , N Joshi Kamal
Published: September 2020

Endotracheal tube is an airway catheter inserted in the trachea to assure patency of the upper airway. ETT cuff seals the trachea to facilitating positive-pressure ventilation and to prevent aspiration. The cuff pressure of an endotracheal tube depends on various patient-related factors like obesity, old age, environmental circumstances and therapeutic interventions. Physiological changes in laparoscopic surgery under general anesthesia, due to pneumoperitoneum and change in patient position can affect ETT cuff pressure. These changes in ETT cuff pressure can lead to significant peri-operative adverse outcome.

To evaluate the changes in ETT cuff pressure between open and laparoscopic cholecystectomy under general anesthesia.

80 ASA grade I/II patients, aged 20-50 years, undergoing laparoscopic or open cholecystectomy, under GA were included in this prospective observational study. Patients were divided in two equal sized groups (N=40) for laparoscopic and open cholecystectomy. ETT cuff pressures were recorded with ETT manometer, at 5 min intervals until extubation. Patients were followed 6 hourly, for 24 hours to record any postoperative complications.

The changes in hemodynamic parameters were more in laparoscopic surgery than open surgery. Abdominal insufflation in laparoscopic surgery causes significant increase in cuff pressure due to altered thoracic compliance. Change in position, during laparoscopic surgery, also affects endotracheal tube cuff pressure.

The pneumo-peritoneum and positional changes during laparoscopic surgery cause significant increase in endotracheal tube cuff pressure and thus associated with an increased incidence of post-operative complications.
Feasibility of urological procedures in paraplegic patients without anaesthesia- Our experience!
Authors: Tyagi Shantanu , Prasad Seema
Published: September 2020

The need of anaesthesia for urological procedures in paraplegic patients has generated a hefty debate in the past. The risk of autonomic dysreflexia (AD) has been a valid concern with Paraplegic patients. We present our experience of 4 cases where urological procedures have been successfully completed without anaesthesia in paraplegic patients under stringent intraoperative monitoring. One patient had sudden intraoperative hypertension which was managed with labetalol injection. All procedures were completed with no obvious complications. We suggest that under vigilant intraoperative monitoring, short urological procedures can be attempted in paraplegic patients when General or regional anaesthesia is not feasible.
İşyeri Nezaketsizliğinin Yaratıcı Çalışan Performansı Üzerindeki Etkisi: Lider-Üye Etkileşiminin Aracılık Rolü
Authors: Çiçek Berat , Çiçek Ahmet
Published: September 2020

İşyerlerindeki nezaketsiz davranışlar çalışanlar arasındaki
ilişkileri sekteye uğratabilmekte, çalışanların ve işletmelerin ortaya koyacağı
çıktılar üzerinde olumsuz etkilere sebep olabilmektedir. Bu çalışmada işyeri nezaketsizliğinin yaratıcı çalışan performansı
üzerindeki etkisi ve bu ikisi arasındaki ilişkide lider-üye etkileşiminin aracı;
yaş ve çalışma süresinin ise düzenleyici etkisinin ortaya konulması
amaçlanmıştır. Bu bağlamda oluşturulan aracılı düzenleyici yapısal eşitlik
modelini test etmek amacıyla veri toplamak için Malatya ilindeki özel sektör ve
kamu kesimi çalışan ve yöneticileri ile bir anket çalışması
gerçekleştirilmiştir. Yapılan araştırmanın sonucuna göre işyeri nezaketsizliği
yaratıcı çalışan performansını ve lider-üye etkileşimini olumsuz olarak
etkilemektedir. Ayrıca işyeri nezaketsizliği ile yaratıcı çalışan performansı
arasındaki ilişkide lider-üye etkileşimi aracı, mevcut işyerinde çalışma süresi
ise düzenleyici role sahiptir.
LİDERLİKTE KİBİR VE AŞIRI POZİTİFLİK: BİR LİTERATÜR İNCELEMESİ
Authors: Esen Ülkühan Bike
Published: September 2020

Liderlik
madalyonunun iki yüzü olduğu ifade edilmektedir. Sürekli parlayan yüzünde,
başarı, özgüven, pozitiflik ve istek yer alırken; diğer yüzünde, kibir, aşırı
gurur ve küçümseme bulunmaktadır. Kötü liderlikten bahsedilirken, genellikle,
karanlık yüzdeki özellikler sayılmaktadır. Ancak, bir özelliğin sadece anlamına
bakılarak, bir liderin iyi veya kötü lider olarak sınıflandırılması mümkün
değildir. Hubristik liderler ve prozac liderler bu duruma örnektir.  Hubristik liderlik, liderlerin zamanla artan
başarılarının ve özgüvenlerinin sonucunda, hubris sendromuna kapılmaları ile
ortaya çıkmaktadır. Prozac liderlik ise, liderin aşırı pozitifliği sonucunda,
yaklaşan tehlikeleri öngörememesidir. Dolayısıyla, özgüven ve pozitiflik,
olumsuz sonuçlar doğurarak, bu iki liderlik türünün ortaya çıkmasına neden
olabilmektedir. Çalışmanın amacı da, zararları çok büyük boyutlara ulaşabilecek
bu liderlik türlerini kapsamlı olarak ele almak ve yapılan kavramsal inceleme
ile sınırlı sayıda yayın bulunan Türkçe yazına katkıda bulunmaktır.
Otel Çalışanlarında Algılanan Örgütsel Destek, İş Yeri Yalnızlığı Ve İş Tatmini İlişkisi
Authors: Gümüş Dönmez Filiz , Topaloğlu Cafer
Published: September 2020

Günümüzde işletmelerde algılanan örgütsel destek ve iş tatminin sağlanması kadar iş yeri yalnızlığının en aza indirilmesi de büyük önem arz etmektedir. Bu sebeple bu araştırmada Muğla’da faaliyet gösteren ve her şey dâhil sistemiyle hizmet sunan dört ve beş yıldızlı otel çalışanları üzerinde algılanan örgütsel destek, iş yeri yalnızlığı ve iş tatmini ilişkisi araştırılmıştır. Bunun için nicel araştırma yöntemlerinden anket tekniği ile 406 adet geçerli veri toplanmıştır. Kurulan araştırma modeli ve yapılan yapısal eşitlik modeli analizleri sonucunda algılanan örgütsel destek ve iş tatmini ilişkisinde duygusal yalnızlığın kısmi aracılık rolü tespit edilirken sosyal yalnızlığın aracılık rolü istatistiki açıdan anlamlı bulunmamıştır. Elde edilen sonuçlar doğrultusunda konu ile ilgili araştırmacılara ve sektör temsilcilerine öneriler sunularak araştırma sonuçlandırılmıştır.
SENDİKALARIN İŞ YAŞAM DENGESİNE ETKİSİ: OECD ÜLKELERİ ÜZERİNE BİR İNCELEME
Authors: Başol Oğuz , Sevgi Hüseyin
Published: September 2020

Hem çalışma hayatı hem de çalışma hayatı dışında kontrol sahibi olmayı ifade eden iş-yaşam dengesi kavramı, çalışma yaşamında bulunan bireylerin en çok önemsediği durumlardan biridir. Bu bağlamda iş-yaşam dengesi bireyin; iş ve aile rollerine; eşit miktarda zaman ayırdığı, eşit seviyede psikolojik katılımda bulunduğu ve eşit düzeyde tatmin elde ettiği durumda kendini göstermektedir. Böylesine önemli bir dengenin takibi bireye ait bir kavram gibi gözükse de sendikaların da bu dengenin sağlanması üzerinde etkisinin olduğu düşünülmektedir. Bu bağlamda mevcut araştırma 2017 yılında OECD ülkelerinde sendikaların iş-yaşam dengesi üzerindeki etkisini belirlemek amacıyla gerçekleştirilmiştir. Sendikalar; toplu sözleşme kapsamına giren çalışan oranı (t: 58,005) ve sendikal yaygınlık (t: 10,356) değişkenleri ile; iş-yaşam dengesi ise yıllık toplam çalışma saati (t: 25,766), 50 saat ve üzerinde çalışanların oranı (t: 7,025) ve işe bağlı harcanan zaman (t: 9,824) değişkenleri ile ölçülmüştür. Elde edilen bulgu, 2017 yılında OECD ülkelerinde sendikaların iş-yaşam dengesini iyileştiren bir etkisi olduğunu göstermiştir (t: 12,335).
POZİTİF PSİKOLOJİK SERMAYE İLE PERFORMANS ALGISI ARASINDAKİ İLİŞKİ: SAĞLIK ÇALIŞANLARI ÜZERİNE BİR ARAŞTIRMA
Authors: Çavmak Doğancan , Acar Füsun
Published: September 2020

Bu çalışmanın amacı, sağlık işletmeleri çalışanlarının pozitif psikolojik sermaye düzeyleri ile performansları arasındaki ilişkiyi incelemektir. Çalışma kesitsel tipte ve ilişkisel bir araştırmadır. Veri toplama aracı olarak, pozitif psikolojik sermaye, çalışan performansı ölçekleri ve demografik değişkenlerden oluşan anket formu kullanılmıştır. Çalışmanın verileri İstanbul ilinde yer alan iki özel hastanenin, tıbbi ve idari çalışanlarından elde edilmiştir (n=102). Bulgular, pozitif psikolojik sermayenin tüm boyutları ile çalışan performansı arasında yüksek bir ilişki olduğunu göstermektedir. Ayrıca pozitif psikolojik sermayenin boyutları olan, umut, iyimserlik ve psikolojik dayanıklılığın anlamlı ve pozitif yönde ilişkilere sahip oldukları görülmüştür. Pozitif psikolojik sermayenin boyutlarından biri olan psikolojik dayanıklılık değişkeninin ,çalışan performansını anlamlı olarak en yüksek düzeyde açıklayan faktör olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Bulgulara göre, umut ve iyimserliğin ortamının yüksek olduğu bir örgüt kültürü, çalışanların psikolojik dayanıklılık düzeylerini yükseltmektedir. Psikolojik dayanıklılığın yüksek olması ile çalışan performansını olumlu yönde etkilemektedir. Stres ve yoğun çalışma ortamı ile karakterize olan sağlık işletmelerinde, çalışanların psikolojik sermayelerini yükseltmelerini sağlayacak, insan kaynağı uygulamalarının yürütülmesi önerilmektedir.
İş Yükünün İşten Ayrılma Niyeti Üzerine Etkisinde İş Tatmini ve Kişi-Örgüt Uyumunun Aracılık Rolü
Authors: Eroğlu Adnan
Published: September 2020

Çalışma, iş görenlerin aşırı iş yükü ve işten ayrılma niyeti ilişkisi üzerinde iş tatmini ve kişi-örgüt uyumu etkilerini inceleyen bütüncül bir model sunmaktadır. Araştırmanın örneklemini, ulusal düzeyde güvenlikten sorumlu kamu kuruluşunun Kayseri ve Bolu illerinde görevli 581 sözleşmeli çalışanı oluşturmaktadır. Araştırma verileri anket tekniği kullanılarak toplanmıştır. Araştırma değişkenlerinin ölçülmesinde Aşırı İş Yükü, İş Tatmini, Kişi-Örgüt Uyumu ve İşten Ayrılma Niyeti ölçekleri kullanılmıştır. Ölçeklerin geçerlilikleri doğrulayıcı faktör analizi ile test edilmiştir. Değişkenler arasındaki ilişkiyi belirlemek için korelasyon ve hiyerarşik regresyon analizinden, aracılık testleri için SPSS 15 programı üzerinde çalışan PROCESS v3.0 eklentisinden yararlanılmıştır. Elde edilen bulgular çalışanların aşırı iş yükü algılarının işten ayrılma niyetini anlamlı ve aksi yönde etkilediğini göstermektedir. Aşırı iş yükü ve işten ayrılma niyeti ilişkisi üzerinde hem iş tatmininin hem de kişi-örgüt uyumunun aracılık rolü olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Sonuç olarak değişkenler arası ilişkiler araştırma modeli çerçevesinde genel olarak desteklenmiş, araştırmanın yazına katkısı ve gelecekteki araştırmalara yönelik öneriler sunulmuştur.
Configuraciones nucleares en la entonación del español de Antioquia, Colombia
Authors: Muñoz-Builes Diana
Published: September 2020

The main objective of this article is double. On the one hand, to describe nuclear configurations and, on the other hand, to analyze phonetically assertive statements with informative broad focus and absolute interrogatives, in the Spanish spoken in Apartadó and Medellín, two cities of Colombia. This research analyzes 112 sentences, uttered by 32 speakers, prestratified by sex, age and sociocultural background. Results suggest that assertive statements with broad focus and absolute interrogatives show, predominantly, the same nuclear configuration (L* L%, H+(!)L* L%) in both cities. Therefore, they could be considered as speaking communities with very similar prosody, although traditionally they belong to different dialect zones. Finally, it is necessary to work with different corpora and with phonetic analysis, as well as intonation studies of perception, that will provide information to establish if there are phonological differences between both sentence modalities.
El título primordial tarasco de Tócuaro, Michoacán
Authors: Roskamp Hans , Monzón Cristina
Published: September 2020

Primordial titles form an important category in the extensive corpus of native documents from 17th and 18th century New Spain. Generally made by local scribes (carariecha) or regional specialists who combined information from older documents and oral tradition, they emphasize the foundation of the villages and the boundaries of their lands. These local histories were —and often still are— used whenever the territorial integrity of the community was threatened by their neighbors. The present article includes the transcription, translation and analysis of a primordial title written in the Tarascan or P’urhépecha language. The document, now kept in the National Library of Anthropology and History (BNAH) in Mexico City, originally comes from Tócuaro, a small village on the southern shores of Lake Pátzcuaro in Michoacán.
Francisco Nayari hace una petición al obispo Juan Ruiz Colmenero (1649). Análisis y traducción de una carta escrita en náhuatl por un hablante de cora
Authors: Torres Nila Álvaro J.
Published: September 2020

The following text is the analysis, transcription, and translation of a letter written in Nahuatl by Francisco Nayari, the Cora tonati or leader of the Cora people, dated in 1649. Francisco Nayari writes to Bishop Juan Ruiz Colmenero in order to inform him that the Cora people maintain themselves within a Christian lifestyle. Nayari’s statement seems to respond to some accusation against the Coras, since he states that they are loyal to the Spanish crown, that it is the Tepehuanes, their neighbors, who do not exhibit Christian behavior. It is an insightful document because of the historical moment it reveals, and because the Nahuatl language written by Francisco Nayari is his second language. The “mistakes” the letter contains are very systematic. Francisco Nayari ends his letter including information that the bishop cannot overlook: Francisco Nayari was baptized by Miguel Caldera, the captain who negotiated peace between the Chichimec groups who rebelled for approximately fifty years, and the viceroy of New Spain. Bishop Ruiz Colmenero must believe what Nayari says.
Classe hospitalar e o direito à educação da criança hospitalizada
Authors: Miguez Brunella Poltronieri , Trugilho Silvia Moreira , Pinel Hiran , Nascimento Solange Rodrigues da Costa
Published: September 2020

Crianças e adolescentes em condição de adoecimento vivenciam obstáculos que interferem em sua escolarização, haja vista os frequentes e/ou prolongados processos de tratamento e de hospitalização a que se submetem. Nesse contexto, as classes hospitalares configuram-se uma estratégia para favorecer a manutenção da educação para esse grupo. Assim, o artigo busca realizar uma reflexão sobre o direito à educação da criança em condição de enfermidade e de hospitalização, tomando como cenário a realidade do processo educacional desenvolvido na classe hospitalar de um hospital público estadual situado na região metropolitana da Grande Vitória, no estado do Espírito Santo, na correlação com a legislação que apregoa a manutenção da educação para crianças e adolescentes hospitalizados. O texto resulta de um estudo de caso qualitativo, realizado a partir de observação direta e de realização de entrevistas com os profissionais da classe hospitalar investigada. Os dados obtidos foram tratados pelo método de análise de conteúdo. Aponta-se que, apesar da prática educativa das classes hospitalares ser formalmente reconhecida pela legislação no campo da educação, sua realização esbarra em condições objetivas de estrutura, recursos e de articulação com as escolas. Foi possível extrair que embora o acesso à educação seja viabilizado na classe hospitalar, o direito à educação escolarizada não necessariamente resta assegurado, pois a própria gestão pública deixa de cumprir com suas competências para a viabilização da classe hospitalar como política educacional.
Problématiques des centres socio-éducatifs malgaches
Authors: Rafidimalala Isabelle Odette
Published: September 2020

Dans le but de respecter le droit à l’éducation, des centres socio-éducatifs se sont engagés dans des œuvres caritatives dédiés aux enfants vulnérables, non scolarisés ou en situation d’abandon scolaire. Malgré le faible engagement de l’Etat, les implications des ONG, associations et centres sociaux au niveau des systèmes éducatifs leurs permettent à accéder à l’éducation. Cependant, ils ont rencontré beaucoup de difficultés au niveau de la structure, des intervenants et surtout des bénéficiaires.
Prohibition of Child pornography: Enhancing Child Protection in Indonesia
Authors: Prameswari Zendy Wulan Ayu Widhi
Published: September 2020

As many other countries in the world, Indonesia has serious problems with child pornography. The problems linked with the child pornography exist in Indonesia, involving both male and female children. In 2008, Law Number 44/2008 on Pornography was enacted. With regard to the widespread distribution and accessibility of child pornography through the Internet, Indonesia also has Law Number 11/2008 and its revision on Electronic Information and Transaction. At the international level, Indonesia has ratified the Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC). Furthermore, in 2012, Indonesia ratified the Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Rights of the Child on the Sale of Children, Child Prostitution and Child Pornography (OPSC). However, based on data from the Indonesian Child Protection Commission (Komisi Perlindungan Anak Indonesia/KPAI) from 2011 to 2016 there were 1709 cases of child pornography and cybercrime. The cases of child pornography are still increasing and seems impossible to stop. This paper will scrutinize how the existing Indonesian law concerning prohibition of child pornography protects the children. It will also examine whether the law are in compliance with the OPSC. This paper is a doctrinal research using statute, conceptual and comparative approaches. The existing Indonesian law will be compared with the OPSC. The study will show some of the compatibility issues of Indonesian respective national law with the OPSC. On the basis of the findings, the last part of the study will provide recommendations on how Indonesia shall enhance the fight against child pornography.
Sister Ship Binding Clause as a Reinforcement of Debt Repayment Legal Certainty on Ship Mortgage
Authors: Putra Fani Martiawan Kumara
Published: September 2020

The field of marine transportation plays a role that is not less important than land transportation in terms of economic development in Indonesia. As a result of globalization, business activity continues to increase, whether it is business in the field of marine transportation or outside the field, it is certainly undeniable that the activity requires a very large funds, which funds can be obtained by one way is to apply for credit/loans. Large amount of loans will only be given with the imposition of collateral as a further process. The imposition of collateral for large amount of loans may designate the ship as its collateral object by utilizing the Mortgage security agency. However, when the ship is being vetted on a voyage across national borders, the impact is when its debts mature, then the execution of such ship will be difficult, caused by the inadequate legal rules in Indonesia, and not all countries ratify the ship’s arrest convention. This study aims to provide a solution in order to achieve legal certainty of Mortgaged object execution that being across national borders for a significant development of shipping business. This research is normative research. The result obtained is the need of a clause in the Mortgage security document concerning the binding of sister ship with equal value, as the collateral object backup, when the execution of ship loaded with Mortgage security is unable to be done since it is located outside the state border.
Legal Protection for Problem Debtor Related to the Use of the Artificial Intelligence System in Peer to Peer Lending
Authors: Utomo Yusuf Arif
Published: September 2020

In the era of digital economic development, the community continues to innovate in terms of providing lending and borrowing services. One form of development of Financial Technology (fintech) is the distribution of funds through the Peer to Peer (P2P) Lending system. Where this system has more or less the same role as banks, namely as an organizer; from parties who have funds (investors) to those who need funds (debtors) whose methods are carried out online. The distribution of funds through the P2P Lending system has developed rapidly in Indonesia. In carrying out its business, the loan and loan service provider uses an electronic system that is a series of electronic devices and procedures that function to disseminate information in the field of financial services. The electronic system can also be referred to as Artificial Intelligence (AI). By using AI, loan and loan service providers can find out all the debtor's personal data, where in the end the debtor becomes disadvantaged because his personal rights are violated. On the other hand there are no legal provisions in Indonesia that can protect debtors in this regard. So that in this study later will discuss about the extent of legal arrangements related to the protection of debtors in the P2P Lending system using AI. This research uses the statute approach method; namely the approach through legislation and conceptual approach, namely the legal approach through the concepts and opinions of legal experts.
Implementation of The Law Principles of Good Corporate Governance in Indonesian Village-Owned Enterprise (BUMDes)
Authors: Winarsi Sri , Moechthar Oemar
Published: September 2020

Based on Law No. 6/2014 concerning Village in Indonesia, in order to increase the utilization of all economic potentials, economic institutions, as well as natural resources and human resources in an effort to improve welfare of the village communities, the village government can form village-owned enterprise (BUMDes). In its practice, implementation of the BUMDes management in several regions is not fully optimized, so that many cases of corruption were found. Thus, good governance practices are needed for optimizing the management of BUMDes to improve the livelihoods of the village. The methods used in this research is statute approach, conceptual approach, and case approach. The conclusions obtained in this research are directed to contribute to the concepts of strengthening the national law related to the management of BUMDes. Hopefully, it can strengthen the village's economy and reduce the level of corruption in Indonesia that is detrimental for the village.
Micro/Nano Bubble Technology : Characteristics and Implications Biology Performance of Koi Cyprinus carpio in Recirculation Aquaculture System (RAS)
Authors: Saputra Henry Kasmanhadi , Nirmala Kukuh , Supriyono Eddy , Rochman Nurul Taufiqu
Published: September 2020

Technology for aquaculture is growing with the high demand of fish. Micro / nano bubble is one of technology that is developed to increase dissolved oxygen in water. This technology is used to increase Koi fish production in high density via RAS. The purpose of this study was to determine the characteristics of micro / nano bubble technology and its effect on biology of koi fish (Cyprinus carpio). Lutor was used to introduce micro / nano bubble in the fish tank by using fish length (e.g. 7.49 ± 0.29 cm). This research used completely randomized design with one factor (fish density) and three replications. This factor was three densities of fish at 15 fish.60 L-1 (A), 30 fish.60 L -1 (B), and 45 fish. 60 L -1 (C). The result showed that there was the absolute length of each treatments was (0.52 ± 0.03a) cm for A, treatment  B (0.36 ± 0.07ab) cm and C treatment (0.29 ± 0.08b) cm. The best treatment is A treatment (15 fish. 60 L -1) and different significant in statistic with C treatment (45 fish. 60 L-1) but not significant in statistic with B treatment (30 fish.­ 60 L -1).
Pengaruh Permainan Tradisional Banyumas Gol-Golan Terhadap Tingkat Kebugaran Jasmani Siswa Sekolah Dasar Di Kabupaten Banyumas
Authors: Kusnandar Kusnandar , Purnamasari Dyah Umiarni , Nurcahyo Panuwun Joko , Darjito Endo
Published: September 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh permainan tradisional Banyumas gol-golan terhadap tingkat kebugaran jasmani siswa Sekolah Dasar di Kabupaten Banyumas. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain penelitian eksperimen semu (quasi experiment) dengan menggunakan model one group pretest posttest design, yaitu eksperimen yang dilaksanakan pada satu kelompok, tanpa kelompok pembanding. Subjek pada penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas V SD N 1 Limpakuwus Kecamatan Sumbang Kabupaten Banyumas sebanyak 40 siswa. Data hasil penelitian diolah dengan menggunakan tabel nilai dan norma TKJI untuk anak usia 10-12 tahun. Untuk mengetahui pengaruh permainan yang diujikan, maka data hasil penelitian yang sudah diolah diuji dengan menggunakan uji statistik paired t test. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh permainan tradisional Banyumas gol-golan terhadap tingkat kebugaran jasmani siswa Sekolah Dasar di Kabupaten Banyumas, dengan taraf signifikansi 5%
Pengaruh Model Pembelajaran Kooperatif Tipe Stad Terhadap Keterampilan Passing Bawah Dalam Permainan Bola Voli Di SMA Islam Al-Fardiyatussa’adah Citepus Palabuhanratu
Authors: Faozi Faiz , Sanusi Hasan , Listiandi Arfin Deri
Published: September 2020

Permasalahan dalam penelitian ini adalah masih kurangnya kemampuan siswa dalam passing bawah permainan bola voli. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui pengaruh pembelajaran model kooperatif tipe STAD terhadap keterampilan passing bawah dalam permainan bola voli di SMA Islam Al-Fardiyatussa’adah Citepus Palabuharatu. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode eksperimen dengan desain penelitian one-grup pretetst-posttest design. Poulasi penelitian sebanyak 84 siswa dan diambil untuk sempel satu kelas dengan jumlah 35 siswa. adapun teknik sempel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Simple Random Sampling. Instrument penelitian menggunakan tes passing bawah bola voli menurut Fauzi (2011). Data hasil belajar dikumpukan melalui pretest dan posttest. Pada data hasil pretest diperoleh nilai rata-rata 22.51 sedangkan data hasil posttest diperoleh nilai rata-rata 27.34. Untuk menentukan data berdistribusi normal atau tidak,maka analisis data dilakukan uji t berpasangan pada pretest dan posttest. Hasil analisis dibuktikan pada taraf signifikan a=0,05. Maka hasil dari uji t yaitu memiliki nilai t=9.269 dan sig 000<0,05 maka Ho ditolak atau dapat pengaruh yang signifikan. sehingga analisis dari hasil deskripsi data pretest dan posttest mengenai pengaruh model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe STAD terhadap keterampilan passing bawah dalam permainan bola voli memiliki peningkatan.
Fun Water Activity Sebagai Upaya Pencegahan Overweight Pada Anak
Authors: Wahono Bayu Suko , Febriani Ayu Rizky , Heza Fuad Noor
Published: September 2020

Maraknya penggunaan game online dalam smartphone pada anak membuat kurangnya aktivitas fisik yang dilakukan sehingga akan menyebabkan penambahan berat badan berlebih atau overweight. Penyebab utama overweight adalah ketidakseimbangan antara energi yang diasup dengan energi yang dikeluarkan dalam tubuh. Anak yang memiliki tubuh overweight akan menimbulkan banyak konsekuensi negatif bagi anak, diantaranya adalah mudah mengalami overweight pada usia dewasa dan lebih rentan terserang berbagai penyakit komplikasi. Salah satu cara yang dapat digunakan untuk mengantisipasi overweight adalah dengan pelaksanaan aktivitas fisik. Fun water activity merupakan salah satu kegiatan bermain dalam air untuk mencegah overweight pada anak dengan aktivitas fisik yang menyenangkan. “Gila Es Putang” merupakan modifikasi permainan menyenangkan dalam air sebagai tindakan pencegahan overweight pada anak yang membuat anak bergerak sehingga kalori dapat terbakar, otot bergerak secara keseluruhan dan menormalkan fungsi jantung serta paru sehingga anak tidak lekas lelah dalam melakukan aktivitas sehari-hari serta mencegah overweight.
Pengaruh Permainan Tradisional Terhadap Minat Siswa Dalam Kegiatan Pembelajaran Pendidikan Jasmani, Olahraga, Dan Kesehatan Di Sman 1 Cikembar
Authors: Latif Moch. , Faozi Faiz , Bakhri Rafdlal Saeful , Harja Farid , Listiandi Arfin Deri
Published: September 2020

Tujuan penelitian: untuk mengetahui pengaruh permainan tradisional terhadap minat siswa dalam pembelajaran pendidikan jasmani di SMA Negeri 1 Cikembar, Kab. Sukabumi. Metode yang digunakan adalah Quasi Experimental (one group pretes-posttest). Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa-siswi SMA Negeri 1 Cikembar. Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa-siswi kelas X MIPA 3. Instrumen penelitian yang digunakan adalah tes angket. Teknik analisis data menggunakan paired sample t test dengan α < 0,05. Hasil penelitian menunjukan terdapat pengaruh permainan tradisional terhadap minat siswa dalam pembelajaran pendidikan jasmani, olahraga dan kesehatan di SMA Negeri Negeri 1 Cikembar.
Implementasi Model Pembelajaran Pada Olahraga Permainan Bolatangan
Authors: Rahayu Rochmat , Subroto Toto , Budiman Didin
Published: September 2020

Peer teaching adalah sebuah model pembelajaran yang dapat mengembangkan  aspek afektif seperti kerjasama, komunikasi dan mengembangkan rasa percaya diri sehingga Jumlah Waktu Aktif Belajar siswa dapat meningkat. penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi peningkatan Jumlah Waktu Aktif Belajar (JWAB) dalam pembelajaran bolatangan dengan menerapkan medel pembelajaran Peer Teaching. Metode menggunakan Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK), di SMA AL-Musyawarah Lembang, dengan sampel 33 orang dan terdiri dari 14 siswa putra dan 19 siswa putri. Hasil penelitian secara umum menunjukan siswa bergerak secara aktif sehingga meningkatkan Jumlah Waktu Aktif Belajar (JWAB) yang ditunjukan dari motivasi tinggi pada saat terlibat dalam pembelajaran permainan bolatangan. Tutor dan siswa dapat meningkatkan kemampuan berkomunikasi dan berinteraksi dengan orang lain. Kesimpulan penelitian bahwa model peer Teaching dapat gunakan pada pembelajaran bolatangan, karena secara bertahap dapat meningkatkan nilai kerjasama, komunikasi, menyampaikan informasi dan mengembangkan rasa percaya diri sehingga Jumlah Waktu Aktif Belajar (JWAB) sebagai indikator bahwa siswa terlibat secara aktif selama pembelajaran juga meningkat.
Analisis Tingkat Daya Tahan Aerobik Pada Atlet Futsal Putri AFKAB Indramayu
Authors: Kharisma Yudhi , Mubarok M. Zakky
Published: September 2020

Tujuan penelitian ini hendak mengkaji mengenai tingkat  kondisi fisik pada atlet futsal putri AFKAB Indramayu tahun 2019. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kuantitatif yang menggunakan metode survei dan teknik pengumpulan datanya menggunakan tes dan pengukuran, sehingga memberikan gambaran mengenai apa yang akan diteliti berupa angka-angka dan diukur secara pasti. Populasi dan sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah atlet futsal puteri AFKAB Indramayu yang berjumlah 20 orang. Instrumen penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah tes kondisi fisik yakni tes multistage fitness atau tes lari multi tahap mengacu pada tes pengukuran Ismaryati (2008 : 86). Berdasarkan data penelitian futsal puteri AFKAB Indramayu yang berjumlah 20 atlet dengan menggunakan Tes Multi Tahap dari Ismaryati (2008 : 87). Hasil analisis menunjukkan nilai  rata-rata sebesar 30.94  dan Standar Deviasi ( simpangan baku ) sebesar 5.28. Berdasarkan  hasil penelitian yang telah dilaksanakan bahwa tingkat kondisi fisik dengan menggunakan Tes Multi Tahap  masuk kategori sangat baik sebanyak 0 atlet, 1 atlet masuk kategori baik, 6 atlet kategori sedang, 11 atlet masuk kategori kurang dan sisanya 2 atlet masuk kategori  sangat kurang. Prosentase tersebut terdapat  10%  kategori  sangat kurang, 55% kurang, 30% sedang, 5% baik dan 0% sangat baik. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa tingkat Kondisi fisik futsal puteri AFKAB Indramayu dalam kategori Kurang
Perbandingan Gaya Mengajar Terhadap Hasil Shooting Bola Basket
Authors: Sampurno Harry Wibowo , Qohhar Wildan
Published: September 2020

Latarbelakang penelitian ini yaitu karena adanya permasalahan mengenai rendahnya hasil shooting bola basket yang diasumsikan karena keterampilan guru masih kurang dalam menggunakan berbagai variasi dalam gaya mengajar, sehingga harus dicarikan solusi mengenai gaya mengajar yang tepat untuk diterapkan dalam upaya meningkatkan hasil shooting bola basket. Penelitian menggunakan metode eksperimen, dengan desain Posttest Only Control Group Design. Populasi pada penelitian ini yaitu siswi kelas XI SMK Pelita Bandung dengan jumlah 205 orang. Sampel penelitian sebanyak 40 orang siswa dengan menggunakan teknik Propotional Randomized Sampling. Kemudian sampel secara acak dibagi menjadi dua kelompok yaitu Kelompok A diajar menggunakan gaya komando dan kelompok B diajar menggunakan gaya discovery. Instrumen penelitian yang digunakan adalah tes memasukkan bola ke dalam ring basket. Analisis data menggunakan uji normalitas dan uji homogenitas, sedangkan uji Hipotesis menggunakan uji t. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa gaya mengajar komando dan discovery memberikan pengaruh dalam meningkatkan hasil shooting bola basket di SMK. Akan tetapi, berdasarkan hasil analisis data menunjukan bahwa gaya mengajar discovery memberikan pengaruh lebih besar dibandingkan dengan gaya mengajar komando terhadap hasil shooting bola basket. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa untuk memperbaiki dan meningkatkan kualitas pembelajaran shooting di SMK, disarankan bagi guru untuk melaksanakan proses pembelajaran dengan gaya mengajar discovery atau gaya mengajar lain yang melibatkan anak untuk bergerak aktif serta berpikir kritis dalam pembelajaran, sehingga hasil belajar anak dapat optimal.
VNIIM during the Great Patriotic War. Evacuation. Siege. Memory
Authors: Ginak E. B.
Published: September 2020

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A Study of Apelin-36 and GST Levels with Their Relationship to Lipid and Other Biochemical Parameters in the Prediction of Heart Diseases in PCOS Women Patients
Authors: Ali Shaimaa Emad , Khaleel Fayhaa M. , Ali Farah Emad
Published: September 2020

This work studies the role of serum apelin-36 and Glutathione S-transferases (GST) activity in association with the hormonal, metabolic profiles and their link to the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in healthy and patients' ladies with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). A total of fifty-four (PCOS) patients and thirty-one healthy woman as a control have been studied. The PCOS patients were subdivided on the basis of body-mass-index (BMI), into 2-subgroups (the first group was obese-PCOS with BMI ≥ 30 and the second group was non-obese PCOS MBI<30). Fasting-insulin-levels and Lipid-profile, Homeostatic-model assessment-of-insulin-resistance (HOMA-IR), follicle-stimulating-hormone (FSH), luteinizing-hormone (LH), testosterone and serum Apelin-36 (AP-36) levels, GST-Activity were done for all groups. PCO patients showed higher concentricity of apelin-36 than healthy (160.43 ±20.81 (pg/ml) versus 85.49 ± 17.85 (pg/ml), P=0.008),while GST-activity decreased in PCOS patients and was higher in the control (7.99 ± 1.19(IU/L)versus 12.96 ±1.90(IU/L)respectively,with a P-value=0.022). Apelin-36 levels are directly interrelated with BMI and Very-low-density-lipoprotein (VLDL) in PCOS patients, but GST-activity levels correlated significantly negatively with (BMI) in PCOS patients. Moreover, obese-PCOS patients show increased AP-36 levels more than non-obese PCOS (185.76± 92.0(pg/ml) versus 123.59±27.65 (pg/ml), P=0.127) respectively, whilst the GST-activity was exhibited to be lower in obese-PCO patients more than in non-obese PCOS (6.99 ± 1.4(IU/L) versus 9.44 ± 2.0(IU/L), P=0.102). The data showed that AP-36 level is negatively associated with GST-activity in PCOS patients. AP-36 isn't legitimately ensured in the pathogenesis of PCO disorder, yet it may be included as an adipokine that is influenced by BMI. The oxidants increased because of the highly levels of VLDL and the lower in the activities of antioxidant, that may be a response to higher levels of oxidative stress. A decrease in the antioxidant capacity and an increase in AP-36 levels leads to an increased the risk of cardiovascular disease in PCOS patients.
Using Real-Time PCR to Investigate Some of Antibiotic Resistance Genes from Streptococcus agalactiae Isolates from ewe Mastitis cases in Nineveh province
Authors: Albanna Ayman Mohamed Jaber , Al-Layla Aseel A. H.
Published: September 2020

In this study, from a total of 856 mastitis cases in lactating ewes, only 34 Streptococcus agalactiae isolates showed various types of resistance to three types of antibiotics (Penicillin, Erythromycin and Tetracycline). St. agalactiae isolates were identified according to the standard methods, including a new suggested technique called specific Chromogenic agar. It was found that antibiotic bacterial resistance was clearly identified by using MIC-microplate assay (dilution method). Also, by real-time PCR technique, it was determined that there were three antibiotics genes resistance ( pbp2b, tetO and mefA ). The high percentage of isolate carried of a single gene which was the Tetracycline (20.59%) followed by percentage Penicillin was (17.65%) and the lowest was in Erythromycin (11.77%). However, there were many isolates that carried two genes of antibiotics resistance represented by Penicillin and Erythromycin with collective present of 38.22%, and for the Penicillin and Tetracycline, the percentage was found to be 11.77%. In contrast, no common gene with two antibiotics (Erythromycin and  Tetracycline) was detected. On the other hand, it was found that no bacterial sharing with three kinds of antibiotic resistance genes ( pbp2b, tetO and mefA ). This study has revealed that the St. agalactiae isolates did induce recurrent mastitis in lactating Iraqi's ewes.
Evaluation of Different Nitrogen Management on Yield and Some of the Yield Components of Rice (Shiroudi cultivar)
Authors: Modiri Elham , Barari Tari Davood , Amiri Ebrahim , Nicknejad Yousof , Fallah Hormoz
Published: September 2020

Nitrogen (N) is a key growth and yield-limiting factor in cultivated rice areas. This study has been conducted to evaluate the effects of different conditions of N application on rice yield and yield components (Shiroudi cultivar) in Babol (Mazandaran, Iran) during the 2015- 2016 season. A factorial experiment executed of a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) used in three iterations. In the first factor, treatments were four N amounts (including 50, 90, 130, and 170 kg N ha-1), while in the second factor, the treatments consisted of four different fertilizer splitting methods, including T1:70 % at the basal stage + 30 % at the maximum tillering stage, T2:1/3 at the basal stage + 1/3 at the maximum tillering stage + 1/3 at the panicle initiation, T3: 25 % at the basal stage + 50 % at the maximum tillering stage + 25 % at the panicle initiation, and T4: 25 % at the basal stage + 25 % at the maximum tillering stage + 50 % at the panicle initiation. The results illustrate only the number of panicles (m2) which was significantly impacted by the year (at the CI of 0.99). Different levels of N had effects on the panicle length, the percentage of filled grain (PFG), whole grain in a plant, and yield (at the CI of 0.95). The panicle length, the PFG, and yield were also significantly affected by different methods of N splitting (at the P-v of 0.01). The interaction of N amount × N splitting had a significant effect on the panicle length, the PFG, and yield (at the CI of 0.95).  In general, the most significant impact on the panicle length, the number of panicles (m2), the whole plant's grain, and yield observed after using 130 kg N ha-1.  Besides, T3 showed the most notable effect on all the studied indices except for the panicle length.
EX-SITU Characterization of Luffa aegyptaica in Lagos State, Nigeria
Authors: Ani Emmanuel , Adekunle A. A. , Aboluwade James B. , Ibrahim Olayide
Published: September 2020

Luffa aegyptiaca is a plant of multi-purpose importance whose usefulness cuts across virtually all areas of life. This study has characterized L. aegyptiaca in Lagos state and determined the mineral, proximate, phytochemical as well as the heavy metal accumulation potential. Samples were collected from the 20 Local Government Areas (LGAs) in Lagos state at 2 samples per location.   Genetic similarity and intra-specific variation in 40 samples of L. aegyptiaca were determined using 3 Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) primers which yielded a total of 42 markers of which 25 was polymorphic. The maximum number of bands (14) was produced by OPC4 while the minimum (7) were produced by OPAF20. Percentage polymorphisms were 70% (OPAF20), 82.4% (OPC4) and 68.4% (OPC6) with an average value of 73.6%. The result from a genetic diversity study was scored to generate a dendrogram using NTsys (2.0j).  Phytochemical, proximate, Mineral and the heavy metal study showed the presence of Flavonoid, Saponin; Carbohydrate, protein; Sodium (Na), Calcium (Ca) and Chromium, Iron, Copper, Zinc, Lead among others. The nutritional composition and the potentials of the RAPD marker in distinguishing intra-specific variation in Luffa aegyptiaca were highlighted in this study.