bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Differences in Halal Food Consumption Behavior with Providing Leaflet and Flashcard Media Education to Students
Authors: Istiqomah Hilda Alfina , Putri Endah Budi Permana
Published: January 2024

Most teenagers choose to consume food products that do not have a halal logo because theyare closer to where they live. This research aims to analyze differences in halal food consumption behavior using media education leaflets and flashcards on the Faculty of education students at Nahdlatul Ulama University, Surabaya. The type of this research is true Experimental Design by using a Repost Test Design. The number of samples in this study was 66 respondents. Sampling in this study used techniques, of simple random sampling. Then divided into 33 respondents for group leaflets and 33 respondents for, group flashcards. The test analysis used is test Mann Whitney with a significant level (?=0.05). The result of This research shows that there is no difference in behavior between media groups leaflets and flashcards(p=0.090). Providing education with media leaflets and flashcards can increase halal food, consumption behavior among students. It is hoped that there will be further research using different, media such as audio-visual in looking at halal food consumption behavior.
Relationship Between Individual Characteristics and Information Exposured with Halal Food Knowledge for Business Actors
Authors: Syilvia Nadzirah , Putri Endah Budi Permana
Published: January 2024

Muslims will look for halal food products that are permitted to be consumed in their religion, not only in religion, but on a global scale there needs to be awareness of the importance of the quality of halal products by producers to sell products, so that a new perception regarding halal products arises. The aim of this research is to determine the relationship between individual characteristics and exposure to information with halal food knowledge among business actors. This type of research is observational research with a cross-sectional design. The sample in this study amounted to 40 respondents, sampling in this study used total sampling and measurement using a questionnaire. The data obtained were analyzed using the SPSS for Windows program and bivariate analysis was carried out using the Spearman correlation test type p value = <0.05. The research results show that the p value from Spearman statistical analysis shows the results of p value = 0.009 (age with knowledge), p value = 0.028 (gender with knowledge), p value = 0.046 (education with knowledge), p value = 0.337 (experience entrepreneurship with knowledge), p value = 0.050 (exposure to information with knowledge). Based on this analysis, it can be concluded that there is a relationship between age, gender, education and exposure to information and knowledge of halal food and there is no relationship between entrepreneurial experience and knowledge of halal food. It is hoped that there will be further research regarding halal food knowledge education using various other methods.
Scientific approaches to the creation of technology structured milk desserts with a combined composition of raw materials
Authors: Rudakova T. , Minorova A. , Moiseeva L. , Krushelnytska N. , Narizhnyy S.
Published: January 2024

One of the promising areas of the dairy industry is the production of combined products. Its essence consists in the directed regulation of the constituent components of products in order to improve their composition and properties. Today, dairy desserts are one of the most popular products on the domestic market. In order to expand the range of dairy desserts, improve their structure and quality, increase the nutritional value and reduce the calorie content, it is rational to use non-traditional raw materials that contain the necessary functional ingredients. To obtain dairy desserts with a certain structure, it is necessary to use the appropriate components of animal and plant origin. For example, milk powder, milk and whey concentrates, condensed milk products, hydrocolloids (food fibers, starch, gelatin, cellulose derivatives, gums, etc.). Justification of the use of the above-mentioned components during the development of the technology of dairy desserts with a combined composition of raw materials is an actual direction of scientific research. The purpose of the work was to develop a scientifically based model for combining protein and carbohydrate components in the composition of dairy desserts with gel-like and complex dispersed structures and to create pudding and cream technology. The article presents a developed model of combining protein and carbohydrate components in structured dairy desserts. Based on the model of combining carbohydrate and protein components in dairy desserts, we have developed cream and pudding technologies based on buttermilk or retentate. In order to obtain dairy desserts with aggregative stability, it is necessary to carry out thermomechanical processing at a temperature of 80–85 °C with constant mixing and agitator revolutions of 2800 rpm, followed by packaging without cooling. The organoleptic and physico-chemical parameters of the produced samples of dairy desserts were studied. It was established that dairy desserts have the maximum moisture retention capacity – 100%, their sugar and fat content is 43–52% and 33–47% lower, respectively, and the protein content is 3–5 times higher than in traditional types of desserts. It has been proven that on the basis of the developed and scientifically based model of combining protein and carbohydrate components, low-calorie structured dairy desserts with high protein content, low fat and sugar content and appropriate quality indicators were obtained.
Key words: dairy desserts, creams, puddings, combined composition of raw materials, technology, structure, secondary dairy raw materials, whey proteins, hydrocolloids.
Influence of different diets and sorbents on the accumulation of Cd in the muscle tissue of young cattle and pigs
Authors: Savchuk I. , Kovalova S. , Yashchuk I.
Published: January 2024

The article, based on scientific research, examines an important problematic issue regarding the quality and safety of beef and pork during their production in the Polissia zone of Ukraine, affected by the Chornobyl accident. The purpose of the research was to evaluate the effect of different diets and saponite sorbent on the level of Cd accumulation in the muscle tissue of young bulls and pigs kept in the territory belonging to the third zone of radioactive contamination. Two scientific and economic experiments were conducted. When growing Ukrainian black and white dairy young bulls, the influence of different silages (4-component cereal-bean mixture and Echinоchloa frumentаcea silage) on the content of Cd in the longest back muscle was studied (experiment 1), and optimization of the protein nutrition of animals was carried out at the expense of various feeds with a high protein content (narrow-leaved lupine and fodder beans) (experiment 2). In the third experiment, young pigs were fed various amounts of the natural mineral saponite as part of their diet, and its influence on the ecological quality of products was studied. Since different types and amounts of feed components were used when feeding the animals of the studied groups, it was necessary to balance the rations according to the content of nutrients for each of the presented groups. Regulation and verification of the nutritional value of the rationed feed was carried out monthly. When changing rations for animals, their growth, live weight, zootechnical analysis of feed, their nutritional value and feeding rates were taken into account. Sample preparation of fodder and muscles was carried out according to GSTU 7670:2014 with the help of dry mineralization, the concentration of the toxicant was determined by the atomic absorption method. The transition coefficient of Cd in the chain «diet – muscle tissue» in this study is within the established standards. At the same time, feeding by Echinоchloa frumentаcea silage contributed to a decrease in the coefficient of transition of Cd into the muscle tissue of young bulls by 0.68 % (absolute). The introduction of 30 % (by mass) of fodder beans into the grain mixture instead of a similar amount of lupine for young cattle (cattle) for fattening in the territory of radioactive contamination (the third zone) contributed to a significantly lower accumulation and transition of Cd into the muscle tissue of animals – on 25.0 % and 0.71 % (absolute), respectively. The inclusion of the natural sorbent mineral saponite in the amount of 3–7 % by mass of concentrated feed in the diet of growing and fattening pigs contributed to a reduction of Cd in the longest muscle of the back by 21.8– 37.9%, while at the same time it was better in terms of the sorption efficiency for excretion of Cd, which turned out to be a saponite dose of 7 %.
Key words: young bulls, pigs, nutrition, different diets, saponite, accumulation of Cd.
Diagnóstico de laboratorio para la resistencia a la insulina: revisión bibliográfica
Authors: Cruz Tenempaguay Rosa Elisa , Robalino Flores Ximena del Rocío , de la Torre Núñez Eliana del Consuelo , Lucena de Ustariz María Eugenia
Published: January 2024

Introducción. A medida que se avanza en la comprensión de la fisiopatología de la resistencia a la insulina, también se ha presenciado el desarrollo y la aplicación de diversas técnicas de diagnóstico de laboratorio. Objetivo. Analizar las principales pruebas de análisis utilizadas en laboratorios clínicos en cuánto al diagnóstico de laboratorio para la RI con el propósito de proporcionar una visión exhaustiva del estado actual sobre este tema. Metodología. La investigación se caracterizó por ser una revisión bibliográfica de enfoque descriptivo, diseño documental y no experimental, cohorte transversal con un enfoque retrospectivo. Para llevar a cabo esta revisión, se accedió a artículos digitales a través de diversas bases de datos, como Pub-Med, Medline, Scopus, ISI Web of Knowledge y Ciencia Digital, entre otras. Se revisaron 58 artículos científicos y quedaron seleccionados 17 artículos por medio de los criterios de inclusión y exclusión. Resultados. Varios métodos de diagnóstico están disponibles, incluyendo la medición de la glucosa en ayunas y la prueba de tolerancia a la glucosa. Además, la evaluación de biomarcadores, como la hemoglobina A1c (HbA1c) y la insulina sérica, puede proporcionar información valiosa. Sin embargo, es importante tener en cuenta que la precisión de estos métodos puede verse afectada por varios factores, incluyendo la variabilidad biológica y las condiciones médicas concurrentes. Conclusiones. Los resultados individuales de las pruebas de laboratorio son de difícil interpretación, por lo que es necesario el conocimiento y registro de las características clínicas básicas, calculadas a partir del peso, talla e índice de circunferencia abdominal de los sujetos evaluados para relacionarlas con las variables bioquímicas como glucosa e insulina basal y triglicéridos, que posibilitan el cálculo de índices matemáticos como HOMA-IR e índice triglicéridos/glucosa, los mismos que aseguran una detección temprana de trastornos metabólicos y la introducción de acciones preventivas oportunas.
Jackfruit Seed Powder – A Healthy Nutritional Alternative to Flours
Authors: Arefin Paroma , Sadiq Md Zafar As , Habib Md Shehan , Ibrahim Md , Arefin Md Saidul , Dey Subarna Sandhani , Boby Farhana , Saha Trissa
Published: January 2024

Jackfruit (Artocarpusheterophyllus Lam.), widely grown in South Asian countriesis the national fruit of Bangladesh. The objective of the study is to compare some Results: physicochemical properties and nutritional parameters of five types of grain flours to that of jackfruit seed powder from Bangladeshi origin. We have analyzed the mineral contents of all these flours in Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer. Vitamin A and Vitamin C were measured in UV spectrophotometry. Riboflavine and Thiamine contents were determined in the flours in High Performance Liquid Chromatography method. The nutrient content in five types of flours have also been analyzed to see whether there is any difference in them at significance level of 5% ( P <0.05). Comparing to other flours, we have found that the jackfruit seed powder is highly nutritious and contains substantial amount of nutrients like the common flours. Jackfruit seed powder can be used as a potential nutritional alternative to flours in different food products.
Bangladesh J. Nutr. Vol. 33, December 2020, P: 45-52
Pasteurellosis in small ruminants and its epidemiology, prevention and control: A brief review
Authors: MN Haque , E Ahmed , MH Rahman
Published: January 2024

Small ruminant production contributes to the livelihood of small-scale farmers. However, the production is low due to several factors, including pneumonic pasteurellosis. The primary causes of infections are Mannheimia haemolytica, Pasteurella multocida, and Biberstinia trehalosi. It is of great importance at the national level. The disease is commonly transmitted through the air causing sporadic and epidemic pneumonia and septicaemia. Clinical signs include respiratory distress with high fever, coughing, difficulty breathing, and thick purulent nasal discharge. They typically occur in individuals with poor immunity. Weak management practices are often linked to stress. The disease incurs significant losses. The existence of many serotypes without cross-protection and the emergence of drug resistance have made its management more challenging. Furthermore, the causal agents are mostly organisms that reside in the upper respiratory tract but might lead to infection in those with reduced immune systems. Hence, it is crucial to prioritise appropriate selection of antimicrobials, reliable diagnosis, and the inclusion of relevant serotypes in developing vaccines to prevent and manage pneumonic pasteurellosis.

Bang. vet. 2023. Vol. 40, No. 1 – 2, 25 – 36
Functional Outcome of Primary Repair of Long Flexors of Finger at Zone V with Early Mobilization
Authors: Hossain Mohammad Sazzad , Faruquee Sajedur Reza , Jahangir Alom Md , Hamid Md Zakaria Bin , Salam Md Abdus , Hoque Md Raihanul , Mahabubuzzaman Mohammad
Published: January 2024

A prospective, observational study was conducted in National Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedic Rehabilitation (NITOR), Dhaka, Bangladesh, between September 2019 and March 2021, to observe the functional outcome of primary repair of long flexors of finger at zone V with early mobilization. Our study included 51 patients, who had follow-up visits up to 12 months after operation. Tendon functionality was assessed by Buck-Gramcko score, while grip strength was assessed by modified sphygmomanometer. The mean age was 30.08±13.38 years. Middle and index fingers were most involved with both flexor digitorum superficialis (FDS) and flexor digitorum profundus (FDP) injury. In this study, most of the patients had excellent or good outcomes. The average return to work time was 32.82 weeks. 9.8% of the patients developed post-operative complications like infections, adhesion, and rupture. Most of the patients obtained good to excellent results (90%), while 3.92% had fair and only 2% had poor outcome. Early motion of the fingers seems to improve outcome in these patients. However, worse outcomes were seen in patients with a greater number of damaged structures, especially in concomitant nerve injury.  
CBMJ 2024 January: vol. 13 no. 01 P: 83-88
Wogulisches Wörterverzeichnis
Authors: Ahlqvist August
Published: January 2024

Ueber die Sprache der Wogulen
Antiquités de la Sibérie occidentale
Authors: Heikel Axel
Published: January 2024

Suomalais-Ugrilaisen Seuran Toimituksia VI
Bibliographie der lappischen Litteratur
Authors: Qvigstad Just Knud , Wiklund K. B.
Published: January 2024

Suomalais-Ugrilaisen Seuran Toimituksia XIII
PSIKOEDUKASI POLA ASUH POSITIF UNTUK MENGURANGI PERILAKU KENAKALAN REMAJA DI DESA KARANGREJA
Authors: Rahma Annisa Dwi , Dian Iva Prestiana Novita , Maysaroh Chairunnisa Nurlaila
Published: January 2024

Children and teenagers often engage in delinquent behavior at their age. However, this can still be avoided and even reduced this behavior. Parenting style is the first education that parents give to children, how they can provide positive parenting so as to create a child's character with positive behavior. If children have positive behavior, they will be able to have good social relationships. The parenting style provided focuses on democratic parenting. The aim of this activity is to provide several ways of good parenting to reduce juvenile delinquent behavior. The method used is psychoeducation by presenting material regarding positive parenting patterns and supported by image media and sharing sessions. The results of this activity show that there has been a change in parents' parenting patterns towards their children, parents have started to try to implement democratic parenting patterns, although it is not yet significant.
Aeromedical Risk of Migraine
Authors: Mainland Roslyn L. , Skinner Chris R. , Saary Joan
Published: January 2024

INTRODUCTION: Migraine is a common condition that can carry considerable risk to aeromedical duties. Because randomized controlled trials are not an appropriate method to evaluate flight safety risk for medical conditions that may cause subtle or sudden incapacitation, the determination of fitness-to-fly must be based on risk assessments informed by extrapolated evidence. Therefore, we conducted a review of current literature to provide background information to inform the aeromedical risk assessment of migraine using a risk matrix approach.

METHODS: We identified studies on topics pertinent to conducting an aeromedical risk assessment of migraine. We generated an overview of the literature synthesizing the findings of articles retrieved from searches of Scopus, Ovid, PubMed, and the Cochrane Library published in English from all years, in both general and aircrew populations. International headache and neurology guidelines, as well as headache policies from the U.S. Air Force, were also reviewed.

RESULTS: This review includes information on the following topics relevant to conducting an evidence-based risk assessment of migraine: diagnosis, prevalence, incidence, natural course, clinical presentation, triggers, comorbidities, neuroimaging, implications of family history, and efficacy of pharmacological and nonpharmacological therapies.

DISCUSSION: This review summarizes current literature on migraine for use in a risk matrix approach to the aeromedical assessment of migraine in prospective and current aircrew. Awareness of the most current epidemiological data related to a variety of migraine parameters facilitates an evidence-based risk assessment of migraine in aircrew and requires iterative updates as new information becomes available.

Mainland RL, Skinner CR, Saary J. Aeromedical risk of migraine. Aerosp Med Hum Perform. 2024; 95(2):101–112.
Implementasi Pendekatan dengan Model Berdiferensiasi untuk Meningkatkan Keterampilan Membaca Intensif Buku Fiksi Pelajaran Bahasa Indonesia
Authors: Hasanah Uswatun , Laili Ulya Nurul , Hasanah Arina Risalatul
Published: January 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk  memperoleh gambaran  penerapan pendekatan proses dengan model pembelajaran mata pelajaran Bahasa Indonesia kelas VIII MTs Sabielil Muttaqien dan untuk mengetahui keterampilan membaca intensif peserta didik setelah melaksanakan kegiatan membaca intensif buku fiksi dengan pendekatan proses dengan model pembelajaran berdiferensiasi.
Jenis penelitian ini kualitatif deskriptif dengan subjek. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan yaitu observasi, kuesioner, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Data hasil penelitian diperoleh dari kegiatan penelitian yang dilakukan dalam tiga kali pertemuan. Pada pertemuan I kegiatan membaca intensif buku fiksi dengan cerita yang sama sebanyak 3 lembar dengan durasi waktu 10 menit dapat tercapai. Pada pertemuan II dengan cerita yang berbeda, jumlah lembar yang sama dengan pertemuan I yaitu sebanyak 3 lembar , dan durasi waktu yang berbeda dengan pertemuan I yaitu maksimal 8 menit, dapat tercapai dengan durasi waktu lebih meningkat daripada pertemuan I. Pada pertemuan III dengan cerita yang berbeda dengan pertemuan II, jumlah lembar yang lebih banyak dari pertemuan II yaitu sebanyak 5 lembar, dan durasi waktu yang sama dengan pertemuan II yaitu maksimal 8 menit, dapat tercapai dengan durasi waktu lebih meningkat meskipun dengan lembar cerita yang lebih banyak. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa keterampilan membaca intensif peserta didik semakin meningkat..
Advances in superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles modified with branched polyethyleneimine for multimodal imaging
Authors: Shen Qiaoling , Yu Chunjing
Published: January 2024

Multimodal imaging are approaches which combines multiple imaging techniques to obtain multi-aspect information of a target through different imaging modalities, thereby greatly improve the accuracy and comprehensiveness of imaging. Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) modified with branched polyethyleneimine have revealed good biocompatibility and stability, high drug loading capacity and nucleic acid transfection efficiency. SPIONs have been developed as functionalized platforms which can be further modified to enhance their functionalities. Those further modifications facilitate the application of SPIONs in multimodal imaging. In this review, we discuss the methods, advantages, applications, and prospects of BPEI-modified SPIONs in multimodal imaging.
Human papillomavirus and cervical cancer in the microbial world: exploring the vaginal microecology
Authors: Zhang Zhemei , Ma Qingmei , Zhang Lei , Ma Li , Wang Danni , Yang Yongqing , Jia Pengxia , Wu Yang , Wang Fang
Published: January 2024

The vaginal microbiota plays a crucial role in female reproductive health and is considered a biomarker for predicting disease outcomes and personalized testing. However, its relationship with human papillomavirus (HPV) infection and cervical cancer is not yet clear. Therefore, this article provides a review of the association between the vaginal microbiota, HPV infection, and cervical cancer. We discuss the composition of the vaginal microbiota, its dysbiosis, and its relationship with HPV infection, as well as potential mechanisms in the development of cervical cancer. In addition, we assess the feasibility of treatment strategies such as probiotics and vaginal microbiota transplantation to modulate the vaginal microbiota for the prevention and treatment of diseases related to HPV infection and cervical cancer. In the future, extensive replication studies are still needed to gain a deeper understanding of the complex relationship between the vaginal microbiota, HPV infection, and cervical cancer, and to clarify the role of the vaginal microbiota as a potential biomarker for predicting disease outcomes, thus providing a theoretical basis for personalized testing.
The influence of pair duration on reproductive success in the monogamous ‘Alalā (Hawaiian crow, Corvus hawaiiensis)
Authors: Barrett Lisa P. , Flanagan Alison M. , Masuda Bryce , Swaisgood Ronald R.
Published: January 2024

Conservation breeding program practitioners select potential mates in an attempt to maximize pair compatibility and maintain genetic diversity. Therefore, pair duration, or the number of breeding seasons that individuals retain the same mate, is practitioner-determined in these settings. There is a critical need to evaluate whether pair duration influences reproductive success in ex situ assurance populations, particularly for socially monogamous species. The ‘Alalā (Hawaiian crow, Corvus hawaiiensis) is a monogamous forest bird that is currently extinct in the wild. Today, ‘Alalā exist only in human care for intensive conservation breeding. We analyzed breeding program data from 2018-2021 to determine the effects of ‘Alalā pair duration and age on reproduction (nest building, egg laying, hatching, and fledging). We found that pair duration does not influence reproductive outcomes, and thus practitioners can be more proactive when re-pairing birds. Female and male age, on the other hand, influenced the probability of nest building, clutch production, and overall reproductive success. Nest building and clutch production probabilities were high (near 1) and stable as females aged from 2 to ~ 12 years old, declining sharply thereafter. In males, overall reproductive success (from building robust nests to rearing at least one nestling to fledge) increased with age from 2 to ~ 9 years old, peaked and reached an asymptote with males ≳ 9 to ~ 13 years old, and decreased in males ≳ 13 years old. Thus, integrating age into the pair selection process will increase the likelihood of achieving conservation goals. To our knowledge, we are the first to utilize empirical pair duration results to provide specific management recommendations for mate selection in an avian conservation breeding program. Our findings have critical utility for guiding ‘Alalā pairing decisions, and more broadly underscore the importance of evaluating mate retention and selection protocols in other conservation breeding programs.
Is sarcopenia an associated factor of increased administration of specific medications in patients with heart failure? A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Saied Schabnam , Prokopidis Konstantinos , Adenaya Adeoye , Isanejad Masoud , Sankaranarayanan Rajiv
Published: January 2024

Background

There is controversy in relation to commonly used drugs in heart failure (HF) and their impact on muscle function. The aim of this study was to evaluate the odds of receiving specific medications often used in clinical practice by patients with HF and sarcopenia vs. without sarcopenia.

Methods

A systematic literature search of cohort studies via databases (PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Cochrane Library) was conducted from inception until March 2023. To determine if sarcopenia is linked to a higher number of specific HF-related medications, a meta-analysis using a random-effects model was used to calculate the pooled effects.

Results

Our main analyses showed no significant association of sarcopenia with administration of higher HF-related medication count vs. those without sarcopenia. Those with lower appendicular lean mass (ALM) had significantly lower odds of receiving angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACE-Is)/angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) (OR: 0.68, 95%CI 0.50–0.90, I2 = 12%, P < 0.01) vs. patients with higher ALM for which age could be an important confounder based on meta-regression. No statistically significant differences were found in relation to B-blockers OR: 0.84, 95%CI 0.63–1.12, I2 = 7%, P = 0.24) and loop diuretics (OR: 1.19, 95%CI 0.87–1.63, I2 = 0%, P = 0.27). Regarding handgrip strength, gait speed, and short physical performance battery, our narrative synthesis found mixed results.

Conclusion

This systematic review and meta-analysis did not find a relationship of specific medication count in sarcopenia vs. without sarcopenia in patients with HF, although increased odds of ACE-I/ARB was shown in those with higher ALM.

Systematic Review Registration

PROSPERO (CRD42023411137).
Fatigue as hallmark of Fabry disease: role of bioenergetic alterations
Authors: Gambardella Jessica , Riccio Eleonora , Bianco Antonio , Fiordelisi Antonella , Cerasuolo Federica Andrea , Buonaiuto Antonietta , Di Risi Teodolinda , Viti Alessandro , Avvisato Roberta , Pisani Antonio , Sorriento Daniela , Iaccarino Guido
Published: January 2024

Fabry disease (FD) is a lysosomal storage disorder due to the impaired activity of the α-galactosidase A (GLA) enzyme which induces Gb3 deposition and multiorgan dysfunction. Exercise intolerance and fatigue are frequent and early findings in FD patients, representing a self-standing clinical phenotype with a significant impact on the patient's quality of life. Several determinants can trigger fatigability in Fabry patients, including psychological factors, cardiopulmonary dysfunctions, and primary alterations of skeletal muscle. The “metabolic hypothesis” to explain skeletal muscle symptoms and fatigability in Fabry patients is growing acknowledged. In this report, we will focus on the primary alterations of the motor system emphasizing the role of skeletal muscle metabolic disarrangement in determining the altered exercise tolerance in Fabry patients. We will discuss the most recent findings about the metabolic profile associated with Fabry disease offering new insights for diagnosis, management, and therapy.
Rethinking heart failure clinical trials: the heart failure collaboratory
Authors: Alkalbani Mutaz , Psotka Mitchell A.
Published: January 2024

The Heart Failure Collaboratory (HFC) is a consortium of stakeholders in the heart failure (HF) community that aims to improve the infrastructure of clinical research to promote development of novel therapies for patients. Since its launch in 2018, HFC has implemented several solutions to tackle obstacles in HF clinical research including training programs to increase the number of clinicians skilled in conducting clinical trials, novel study designs, and advocacy for a diverse and inclusive HF research ecosystem. We highlight some of the HFC successes since its establishment.
The effect of the faults to the tectono-stratigraphy evolution in the Panyu low uplift
Authors: Liang Yuanyuan , Yang Dongsheng , Chen Shi , Zhang Gongcheng , Bai Zhizhao , Liang Xinxin , Wang Yunuo , Wang Long , Guo Shuai , Ji Mo , Yan Hui
Published: January 2024

Introduction: The Panyu low uplift is located in the middle of the Central Uplift Belt of the Pearl River Mouth Basin, which has experienced multiple episodes of tectonic movements since the Cenozoic, and the faults are extensively developed there. The fault activities had a significant influence on the migration and accumulation of oil and gas, as well as the sedimentation.

Methods: In order to recognize the effect of the faults on the tectono-straigraphy evolution in the Panyu low uplift, based on the high-resolution seismic and latest drilling well data, the study has comprehensively analyzed the geometry and kinematics of these faults, as well as the sedimentary filling evolution of the residual depressions.

Results: The results show that two major fault systems has developed in the Panyu low uplift: the deep and shallow fault systems. The former was dominated by a series of NEE and NW-trending high-angle listric/plane faults, along with several low-angle detachment normal faults, which were under the joint control of the NW-SE and NS-trending extensional stress during the Eocene. The latter was dominated by NW-NWW trending strike-slip normal faults with tension-shear properties under the NEE trending dextral strike-slip stress field in the late Miocene. The uplift had undergone five tectonic evolution stages: the initial rifting stage (Tg-T83), the intensive rifting stage (T83-T80), the rifting and depression transitional stage (T80-T70), the thermal subsidence depression stage (T70-T35), and the tectonic reactivation stage (T35-T10).

Discussion: Based on the 3D seismic phase interpretation and drilling sample analyses, the study also indicates that during the initial rifting stage, the Panyu low uplift manifested as multistage depositional center. The sedimentary strata were distributed in the downthrown wall of the depression-controlling faults, exhibiting multiple subsidence and sedimentary centers, and the depressions was supplied by multi-provenance systems. During the intense rifting period, the depression widened, the lacustrine basins were connected with each other, and the sedimentary center migrated. During the rifting and depression transitional stage, the faults controlling on deposition weakened. The thick Enping formation from the northwest provenance direction is unconformably overlaid on the Panyu low uplift. Meanwhile, the depressions was characterized by the sedimentary deposits of lacustrine basin. Various types of sedimentary facies were developed, including the delta, semi-deep lacustrine, shallow lacustrine, and shore-shallow lacustrine deposits, and the mudstone of the semi-deep lacustrine facies could serve as a high-quality source rock for the hydrocarbon production.
Holocene activity and seismic surface rupture zone of the Abuduo fault eastern Tibetan Plateau
Authors: Liao Cheng , Liang Mingjian , Chen Han , Mao Zebin , Wu Weiwei , Gong Yue , Zuo Hong , Liu Shuhuai , Li Tian , Li Zhongyang
Published: January 2024

The Garzê–Yushu fault is a large active NW-trending strike-slip fault on the Tibetan Plateau, along which strong earthquakes have frequently occurred historically. Together with the Xianshuihe fault, the Garzê–Yushu fault constitutes the northern boundary of the Sichuan–Yunnan block, and it is also the boundary between the Bayan Har and Qiangtang blocks. The Abuduo fault is a near E–W-trending fault on the southern side of the Garzê–Yushu fault. Through remote sensing image interpretation and field seismic geological investigations, this study found a series of left-lateral displacement landforms and well-preserved seismic surface rupture zones along the Abuduo fault, extending over a distance of approximately 65 km from Abuduo through Yushu and Qinghai to Selikou Village. According to the geological and geomorphological evidence, the Abuduo fault is considered a left-lateral strike-slip fault with Holocene activity, which has tectonic conditions suitable for breeding and generating strong earthquakes. Additionally, the eastward extension of the Abuduo fault is likely to intersect the Garzê–Yushu fault and thereby decompose its horizontal sliding deformation.
The association of serum irisin with anthropometric, metabolic, and bone parameters in obese children and adolescents
Authors: Kim Shin-Hee , Kim Sung Eun , Kim Seulki , Ahn Moon Bae , Cho Won Kyoung , Cho Kyoung Soon , Jung Min Ho
Published: January 2024

Background

Irisin is an adipomyokine secreted by muscle and adipose cells, and it plays a role in glucose, fat, and bone metabolism. This study aimed to determine the correlation of serum irisin levels with anthropometric, metabolic, and bone parameters in obese children and adolescents.

Methods

This single-center study included 103 Korean children and adolescents: 54 (52.4%) obese participants with a body mass index (BMI) ≥95th percentile and 49 (47.6%) healthy controls with BMI within the 15th to 85th percentile. Various parameters were measured, including fasting blood glucose, fasting insulin, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), triglyceride and glucose (TyG) index, lipid profile, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), osteocalcin, and 25(OH)-Vitamin D levels. Bone mineral density (BMD) was measured using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) in 33 healthy subjects.

Results

Serum irisin was significantly higher in the obese group than in the control group (mean 18.1 ± 3.5 vs. 16.2 ± 2.0 ng/mL; p = 0.001). Serum irisin level was positively correlated with chronological age (r = 0.28; p = 0.004), height SDS (r = 0.24; p = 0.02), BMI SDS (r = 0.37; p < 0. 001), fasting glucose (r = 0.27; p = 0.007), fasting insulin (r = 0.23; p = 0.03), HOMA-IR (r = 0.21; p = 0.04), osteocalcin (r = 0.27; p = 0.006) and negatively correlated with HDL cholesterol (r = -0.29; p = 0.005). All these correlations were evident in obese subjects but not in healthy subjects. ALP and 25(OH)-Vitamin D were unrelated to irisin levels. Among 33 healthy subjects, total body-less head (TBLH) BMD Z-score was positively correlated with serum irisin (r = 0.39; p = 0.03), osteocalcin (r = 0.40; p = 0.02), fasting insulin (r = 0.39; p = 0.04), and HOMA-IR (r = 0.38; p = 0.047).

Conclusion

This study demonstrated an association between irisin levels and glucose, lipid, and bone parameters in children and adolescents. Our findings suggest that irisin has a potential role in metabolic disorders and bone health in obese children and adolescents.
Comprehensive analysis of renewable hybrid energy systems in highway tunnels
Authors: Liao Zhen , Zhang Yufei , Zhao Xin , Zhang Yubiao , Liu Manhu , Hong Jinlong , Cao Hao
Published: January 2024

In order to explore the feasibility of a renewable hybrid energy system in highway tunnels, a scenario-coupled construction method for a highway tunnel renewable hybrid energy system is proposed. Based on this method, a tunnel on a highway in southern China serves as an example, and a renewable hybrid energy system for the highway tunnel is constructed. Using HOMER, the hybrid energy system is simulated, optimized, and analyzed, studying the characteristics of the operation of the highway tunnel hybrid renewable energy system in an off-grid mode. The optimal configuration for the hybrid energy system is proposed. The research results indicate the feasibility of constructing a highway tunnel renewable hybrid energy system by utilizing natural resources within the road area (solar energy, wind energy). The hybrid renewable energy system for this tunnel can provide 1112392 kWh of electrical energy annually, with the lowest energy cost being $0.17/kW. Furthermore, the hybrid energy system can reduce greenhouse gas emissions, contributing to the sustainable development of the environment.
Epigenetic targets to enhance antitumor immune response through the induction of tertiary lymphoid structures
Authors: Omotesho Quadri Ajibola , Escamilla Alejandro , Pérez-Ruiz Elisabeth , Frecha Cecilia A. , Rueda-Domínguez Antonio , Barragán Isabel
Published: January 2024

Tertiary lymphoid structures (TLS) are ectopic lymphoid aggregates found in sites of chronic inflammation such as tumors and autoimmune diseases. The discovery that TLS formation at tumor sites correlated with good patient prognosis has triggered extensive research into various techniques to induce their formation at the tumor microenvironment (TME). One strategy is the exogenous induction of specific cytokines and chemokine expression in murine models. However, applying such systemic chemokine expression can result in significant toxicity and damage to healthy tissues. Also, the TLS formed from exogenous chemokine induction is heterogeneous and different from the ones associated with favorable prognosis. Therefore, there is a need to optimize additional approaches like immune cell engineering with lentiviral transduction to improve the TLS formation in vivo. Similarly, the genetic and epigenetic regulation of the different phases of TLS neogenesis are still unknown. Understanding these molecular regulations could help identify novel targets to induce tissue-specific TLS in the TME. This review offers a unique insight into the molecular checkpoints of the different stages and mechanisms involved in TLS formation. This review also highlights potential epigenetic targets to induce TLS neogenesis. The review further explores epigenetic therapies (epi-therapy) and ongoing clinical trials using epi-therapy in cancers. In addition, it builds upon the current knowledge of tools to generate TLS and TLS phenotyping biomarkers with predictive and prognostic clinical potential.
Stony coral tissue loss disease: a review of emergence, impacts, etiology, diagnostics, and intervention
Authors: Papke Erin , Carreiro Ashley , Dennison Caroline , Deutsch Jessica M. , Isma Lys M. , Meiling Sonora S. , Rossin Ashley M. , Baker Andrew C. , Brandt Marilyn E. , Garg Neha , Holstein Daniel M. , Traylor-Knowles Nikki , Voss Joshua D. , Ushijima Blake
Published: January 2024

Stony coral tissue loss disease (SCTLD) is destructive and poses a significant threat to Caribbean coral reef ecosystems. Characterized by the acute loss of coral tissue, SCTLD has impacted over 22 stony coral species across the Caribbean region, leading to visible declines in reef health. Based on the duration, lethality, host range, and spread of this disease, SCTLD is considered the most devastating coral disease outbreak ever recorded. Researchers are actively investigating the cause and transmission of SCTLD, but the exact mechanisms, triggers, and etiological agent(s) remain elusive. If left unchecked, SCTLD could have profound implications for the health and resilience of coral reefs worldwide. To summarize what is known about this disease and identify potential knowledge gaps, this review provides a holistic overview of SCTLD research, including species susceptibility, disease transmission, ecological impacts, etiology, diagnostic tools, host defense mechanisms, and treatments. Additionally, future research avenues are highlighted, which are also relevant for other coral diseases. As SCTLD continues to spread, collaborative efforts are necessary to develop effective strategies for mitigating its impacts on critical coral reef ecosystems. These collaborative efforts need to include researchers from diverse backgrounds and underrepresented groups to provide additional perspectives for a disease that requires creative and urgent solutions.
Trophic structure of fish assemblages in two offshore islands (Ulleungdo and Dokdo) of Korea revealed using stable isotope analysis
Authors: Park Tae Hee , Lee Dong-Young , Kang Hee Yoon , Park Joo Myun , Kim Dongyoung , Park Hyun Je
Published: January 2024

The objective of this study was to characterize the trophic structure of fish assemblages on the coasts of offshore islands and the eastern mainland of the Korean Peninsula. We compared the seasonal variability in the trophic structure of fish assemblages between the coasts of two island sites (Ulleungdo and Dokdo) and one mainland site (Hupo), which are on a similar latitude. We analyzed the stable carbon and nitrogen isotope ratios (δ13C and δ15N) of fish assemblages during spring (April) and summer (August) 2021. No temporal differences in the isotope values of fish and basal resources (i.e., suspended particulate organic matter (SPOM)) were found over the sampling period at the Hupo site. In contrast, at the Ulleungdo and Dokdo sites, the fishes and SPOM showed seasonal differences in the δ13C and δ15N values between the two seasons. In particular, the fish δ15N values at the island sites were relatively higher in summer compared to those in spring, suggesting the seasonal variation in the food chains and/or trophic status between consumers and their dietary sources. These regional isotopic variations also result in differences in the seasonal tendencies of the isotopic niche parameters of fish assemblages between the mainland and island coasts. Such differences in the seasonal isotopic patterns of fish assemblages suggest a relatively substantial shift in the dietary resources available to fish consumers on island coasts compared to those on the mainland coast. Overall, our results suggest that fish assemblages in offshore island coasts have distinct seasonal variability in trophic characteristics in response to changing environmental conditions, including basal resources, compared with fish food webs on the mainland coast at similar latitudes.
Applying precision medicine principles to the management of multimorbidity: the utility of comorbidity networks, graph machine learning, and knowledge graphs
Authors: Woodman Richard John , Koczwara Bogda , Mangoni Arduino Aleksander
Published: January 2024

The current management of patients with multimorbidity is suboptimal, with either a single-disease approach to care or treatment guideline adaptations that result in poor adherence due to their complexity. Although this has resulted in calls for more holistic and personalized approaches to prescribing, progress toward these goals has remained slow. With the rapid advancement of machine learning (ML) methods, promising approaches now also exist to accelerate the advance of precision medicine in multimorbidity. These include analyzing disease comorbidity networks, using knowledge graphs that integrate knowledge from different medical domains, and applying network analysis and graph ML. Multimorbidity disease networks have been used to improve disease diagnosis, treatment recommendations, and patient prognosis. Knowledge graphs that combine different medical entities connected by multiple relationship types integrate data from different sources, allowing for complex interactions and creating a continuous flow of information. Network analysis and graph ML can then extract the topology and structure of networks and reveal hidden properties, including disease phenotypes, network hubs, and pathways; predict drugs for repurposing; and determine safe and more holistic treatments. In this article, we describe the basic concepts of creating bipartite and unipartite disease and patient networks and review the use of knowledge graphs, graph algorithms, graph embedding methods, and graph ML within the context of multimorbidity. Specifically, we provide an overview of the application of graph theory for studying multimorbidity, the methods employed to extract knowledge from graphs, and examples of the application of disease networks for determining the structure and pathways of multimorbidity, identifying disease phenotypes, predicting health outcomes, and selecting safe and effective treatments. In today’s modern data-hungry, ML-focused world, such network-based techniques are likely to be at the forefront of developing robust clinical decision support tools for safer and more holistic approaches to treating older patients with multimorbidity.
Influence of comorbidities not associated with fibromyalgia on neuropathic pain in patients with psoriatic arthritis: relationship with clinical parameters
Authors: Toledano Esther , Queiro Rubén , Gómez-Lechón Luis , Chacón Carolina Cristina , Hidalgo Cristina , Ibañez Marta , Díaz-Álvarez Agustín , Montilla Carlos
Published: January 2024

Objective

Neuropathic pain (NP) may influence disease activity assessment in patients with psoriatic arthritis, this relationship being traditionally based on the presence of concomitant fibromyalgia. We analyzed the influence of other comorbidities on NP and the relationship between pain and various clinical parameters.

Methods

A cross-sectional study was conducted in patients diagnosed with psoriatic arthritis, excluding patients with a previous diagnosis of fibromyalgia, depression, anxiety, diabetes and/or dyslipidemia under treatment. NP was identified using the painDETECT questionnaire (score > 18). Obesity and related clinical parameters, anxious and depressive symptoms, sleep quality and fatigue were assessed as comorbidities. Disease activity was measured using the clinical Disease Activity Index for Psoriatic Arthritis (cDAPSA) in peripheral involvement, the ASDAS-PCR in axial involvement, functioning and disease impact were measured using the Health Assessment Questionnaire-Disability Index and 12-item Psoriatic Arthritis Impact of Disease questionnaire, respectively.

Results

Overall, 246 patients were included (136 men; 55%). The mean age was 53.4 ± 11.0 years. Forty-two patients had NP (17.1%). Patients with NP had higher leptin levels (OR: 1.03, 95% CI: 1.007–1.056; p < 0.01) and poor sleep quality (OR: 1.20, 95% CI: 1.09–1.297; p < 0.001). Patients with NP also had greater fatigue NRS (6.2 ± 2.2 vs. 2.4 ± 0.19, p < 0.001). Patients with NP had higher cDAPSA score (17.3 ± 5.4 vs. 8.9 ± 6.5, p < 0.001), poorer functioning (1.1 ± 0.5 vs. 0.4 ± 0.5, p < 0.001) and greater disease impact (6.1 ± 1.7 vs. 2.6 ± 1.9, p < 0.001).

Conclusion

NP was correlated with sleep quality and serum leptin and may be associated with worse disease activity, functioning and disease impact.