bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
STRESS-STRAIN STATE OF REINFORCED CONCRETE BEAMS STRENGTHENED WITH A NEW EXTERNAL STEEL STRUCTURE
Authors: Zhyrakhivskyi V. P. , Chekanovych М. G. , Chekanovych О. М.
Published: August 2018

The study presents a new structure for strengthening of one-span reinforced concrete beams in rectangular cross-section using external steel bars. The specific feature of the proposed strengthening is the unloading of the compressed upper zone of a beam with simultaneous compression of its lower stretched zone. The article considers some variants of making the strengthening structure with rigid and flexible reinforcement elements for faster tension of external bars, and the variant including only flexible elements. It provides a design scheme and method for such reinforced beams. The study provides experimental research data on the series of beams with different parameters of the strengthening structure in the form of «bending moment – deflection» and «bending moment - deformation of concrete» dependencies.
FIBRE-REINFORCED POLYMER BARS IN PRECAST SLABS FOR ROADS TO OIL AND GAS EXTRACTION COMPLEXES
Authors: Voskobiynyk S. P.
Published: August 2018

Considered an example of the application of fibre-reinforced polymer bars in precast slabs for temporary roads to oil and gas extraction complexes. Found that samples of products by geometric requirements similar Ferro-concrete products, but reinforced fibre-reinforced polymer bars accessories instead of metal. The results of replacing metal fittings on the fibre-reinforced polymer bars in the experimental samples. Given the comparative assessment of the conformity of prototypes of requirements on indicates the ability and crack resistance from. Found that fibre-reinforced polymer bars valves may be used in the construction of a prefab temporary roads without reducing their carrying capacity. It is proven that the use of this rebar for reinforcement of structures that work on resilient basis, both at the stage of manufacture and operation. It is shown that the resulting experience can be used in the planning and in the design, manufacture and test prototypes, and the analysis of the obtained results allow you to identify opportunities for the implementation of this direction in Ukraine.
SPATIAL STRUCTURES OF CLOSED PROFILES
Authors: Pichugin S. F. , Chichulin V. P. , Chichulina K. V.
Published: August 2018

The article presents a new design of steel space trusses, arches, frames of complex application, the main advantages of which are lightness, durability of plane, cost efficiency, reliability, reduction of construction period and investment cycle, energy savings at manufacture, transportation and construction. Based on the previously performed experimental and theoretic studies, the expediency of using box-shaped section parallel chord trusses has been proved. Therefore, new constructive decisions for light efficient trusses, arches, frames that can be used at erection of civil and industrial objects are presented below. The suggested efficient structure of a steel truss with spatial upper chord, using tubes or rectangular hollow box-shaped sections, steel trifurcate spatial truss construction, spatial arch truss, spatial arch. Considered the use of closed cross-sections for spatial arch elements. It has been revealed that using the two-hinges spatial frame the construction cost of a building can be reduced due to reducing of the basement’s dimensions.
FEATURES OF THE MATHEMATICAL MODELING OF FOUNDATIONS INTERACTION WITH COMPACTING SOILS, WITH ANISOTROPIC PROPERTIES
Authors: Vynnykov Yu. L. , Aniskin O.
Published: August 2018

Features of the mathematical modeling of foundations interaction with compaction soils with anisotropic properties, by ultimate elements method in the physically and geometrically non-linear presentation are confirmed. To prove this fact it was obtained henomenological soil model that describes its state during building, work of compacted subsoil. Famous physical correlations of orthotropic medium were used in model. Modeling of cast work -in-situ pile with leading borehole and enlarged base for isotropic basic and for transversely-isotropic medium were compared. Reality of decisions obtained by modeling are provided by properties of ultimate elements, by sizes of calculated field, by choice of design schemes of soil compaction, by conformity of model state soil parameters.
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF DESIGN SETTLEMENT FOUNDATIONS METHODS ACCORDING TO DATA OF CONE PENETRATION TEST ON NATIONAL AND EUROPEAN STANDARDS
Authors: Kremniov A. P. , Lobacheva N. G.
Published: August 2018

It is given a comparative analysis of the methods of computation of foundations settlement according to Cone Penetration Test with the current normative documents of the Republic of Belarus and the Eurocode 7 «Geotechnical design» (part 1, 2). Three methods of computation of foundation settlement for the sediment limit state SLS are considered in accordance to European standards and two methods of computation of foundation settlement are considered in accordance to National standards. The similarities and the differences in construction of the conditional pile foundation are identified according to National and European standards. The similarities and the differences in the methods of foundation settlement computation in accordance to European and National standards are revealed and summarized. The difference of the calculated values of foundation settlement is defined in percentage.
THE EFFICIENCY WATER CLARIFICATION IN MODELS OF VERTICAL TANK
Authors: Yakovlіev V. S. , Voinarovskyi B. A.
Published: August 2018

The purpose of this article is to analyze theoretical and experimental data on the structures and analyze the performance of type clarifier, as well as to highlight the shortcomings of the proposed designs. It was found that for the experiments it is necessary to create a physical model of the vertical sediment tank in the laboratory using the following factors: material costs, technological parameters, design parameters. The purpose of this article is to show the effect of the velocity of upward flow of water inside the vertical settler on the efficiency of its lighting on the physical model of the vertical sediment tank. There are mathematical dependences of turbidity of clarified water as well as the efficiency of water clarification from the turbidity of the incoming water for different speed values in the lighting area of the vertical sediment tank. It was established the use of the calculations required area lighting area, vertical settling tanks, water speed, cleansing of water without efficiency loss, which leads to significant savings in capital investments.
TECHNIQUE AND TECHOLOGY OF RARE-METAL ORES DESINTEGRATION AND GRAVITY-BASED BENEFICATION
Authors: Shpylovyi K. L. , Shpylovyi L. V. , Biletskyi V. S. , Komarova O. I.
Published: August 2018

On the base of the analysis of centrifugal concentrators designs there has been justified the selection of apparatus for the rare-metal ores benefication. Process of pyrochlore ore grinding in mills of different types has been investigated and the expediency of use of impact-centrifugal action mills to ensure selectivity of minirals disclosure has been founded. Efficient technical and technological parameters of the centrifugal action mills have been justified on the base of active experimental method. The influence of disintegration metheds on technologival indication of rare-metal ore benefication of Mazurovske deposits in centrifugal Nelson concentrator has been analyzed.
USING OF DYNAMIC AND STATIC LOAD PILING TESTS IN ASTANA, KAZAKHSTAN
Authors: Zhussupbekov A. Z. , Shakhmov Z. A. , Tleulenova G. T. , Akhazhanov S. B.
Published: August 2018

In this paper the analysis results of precast piles different tests are presented. Extreme soil conditions of Astana (Kazakhstan) involve realizing the work precast piles in various soil ground and interaction soil ground and piles. There were carried out dynamic and static load tests of piles in extreme soil ground conditions in Astana. Based on data results of pile foundations the piles bearing capacity was determined. According to the results of DLT with PDA of driving piles (30.0 cm) the bearing capacity of the piles is 911 kN. The bearing capacity of the driven piles according to the results of SLT amounted to be 878 kN. Soils physic-mechanical properties in extreme conditions of Astana along with graphs of dependence are between settlement and load. The precise analysis of climatic and geological factors of the construction sites is shown. Investigations method for precast concrete piles testing is presented. Dynamic load test methodology in Astana for concrete piles testing is shown.  These investigations are important for of Pile-Soil interaction on problematical soil ground.
THE ANALYSIS OF THE STRESS-STRAIN STATE OF THE SYSTEM «BASEMENT - PILE FOUNDATION – STRUCTURE» CONSIDERING SWELLING PROPERTIES OF SOILS
Authors: Khrapatova I. V. , Krotov O. V.
Published: August 2018

This work analyzes factors affecting swelling soils and presents a calculation algorithm of structure on swelling soils base for the plane problem. In this work an analysis of the factors influencing the swelling of soils is made, the algorithm for calculating the structure with the base with swellable soils for a plane problem is given. At the same time, the swelling process is considered as an additional influence, close in nature to temperature, and the swelling soil is considered a material having orthotropic properties. The value of the relative swelling depends on the level of the stress state, while the value of the main stresses is compared with the magnitude of the pressure of swelling. Therefore, to determine the deformation characteristics of the swelling soil, several variants of the stressed state of the soil have to be considered. The effectiveness of the obtained solution has been verified according to the example for pile foundations.
CONSTRUCTIONAL FEATURES OF HEGUMEN HOUSE IN CHERNIHIV
Authors: Kornienko М. V. , Korzachenko М. М. , Bolotov М. G. , Horb О. М.
Published: August 2018

Research results of the XVII century construction, Hegumen House in Chernihiv, are presented. It is a historically significant local landmark. Attention was paid to historical data on foundation of the monastery and structure erection. The construction was built to serve as a refectory church of Peter and Paul. The purpose of the building was found to have been changed repeatedly during its existence. Constructional features of the structure remains were analyzed. Practical recommendations on its restoration were developed. Underground unit drawing was made, which is accessible to viewing.  Detailed research was conducted.  Reinforcements and brick wall construction, dated at a later period, were discovered. The wall construction brick was analyzed. Much attention was paid to durability and stableness of the underground unit.
INFLUENCE OF DISTANCE BETWEEN A RETAINING WALL AND THE EXISTING BUILDING ON STRESS-STRAIN STATE OF THE SYSTEM «RETAINING STRUCTURES – SOIL MASSIF»
Authors: Ruchkivskyi V. V.
Published: August 2018

The results of work research of engineering protective structures in a densely built–up area with difficult engineering–geological conditions have been presented. The modeling of the geotechnical problem of deep excavation protection using a three-tier retaining wall has been performed.  The task of mutual influence of existing building and deep excavation with the change of distance between them is solved. The grafs of displacement’s dependence several tiers of retaining walls from the distance to an existing building have been presented. According to these data, a plot of the dependence of displacements of separate tiers of retaining walls from the distance to an existing building is constructed. The problem is solved by the finite element method using a nonlinear model of a solid soil environment. The character of the formation of zones of potential slip surface slope is revealed. The dependence of bending moments of the retaining walls from the distance to the existing building is shown. A safe location of an existing building to a deep excavation has been substinated.
LONG-TERM SUBSIDENCE OF A MULTISTORY BUILDING ON THE BASE REINFORCED WITH SOIL CEMENT ELEMENTS
Authors: Vynnykov Yu. L. , Miroshnychenko I. V. , Landar О. М. , Zotsenko V. М. , Omelchenko P. M.
Published: August 2018

The methodology and results of long-term geodetic observation at subsidence of nine-ten storey building with a strip cast-in-place foundation on sandy and peaty base reinforced with soil cement elements at the process of its construction and exploitation are presented in the article. The correctness of elastic-plastic model use with Mohr Coulomb strength criterion and planar task finite element method for the evaluation of the deformed state «strip foundation – reinforced soil layer – the natural basis» system are substantiated.
THE AUTOMOBILE TIRES VULCANIZATION METHOD REPAIR PROCESS EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION
Authors: Orysenko O. V. , Kryvorot A. I. , Ilchenko V. V. , Filipova H. А.
Published: August 2018

In the article local repair automobile tires expediency by vulcanization means in mechanical damage carcass case is shown. It has been established that analytical and experimental data on determining the required temperature of the heating element have a significant discrepancy. It was found that on the vulcanization degree among all factors temperature and pressure on the welding surfaces are the most influential. After processing the experimental data and using the static methods, mathematical dependence of the temperature on the welding surface from the heating element temperature and on the welding surfaces as a second-degree polynomial is obtained. In order to verify the research results reliability, the control welding of the automobile tires with cord lateral rupture was conducted, which gave positive results.
THIN-WALLED BARRELL SHELL DEFLECTIVE MODE ANALYSIS
Authors: Makhinko A. V. , Makhinko N. О.
Published: August 2018

The paper deals with the deflective mode of steel rotary shell with different form of outer surface that are loaded with axially symmetric load. The results show solution of shell voltage and strain equation under the load that is described by exponential law and based on efforts from temperature differentials. Besides, the paper represents design formulas for deflection analysis, running bending moments and running transverse forces in shells with different abutment to the basis. It was shown the basic function of deflection and maximum value of relevant parameters of the reaction. The analysis of aspects about efficiency of using corrugated wall for steel barrel shell is done. The results in analytical and graphical form are shown. According to resulting formulas, it was made comparative calculations of shells with constant and variable wall thickness.
DURABILITY OF HEAVY CONCRETE USING BOILER SLAGS WITH CIRCULATING FLUIDIZED BED
Authors: Bondar V. O. , Akhmednabiyev R. R.
Published: August 2018

The results of studying the influence of boiler ash slags with a circulating fluidized bed on the freeze-thaw resistance of heavy concretes are presented. The following materials were used in the studies: Portland cement PPC 500 N, sand with the fineness modulus Mf =1.05, crushed granite fraction 5-10 mm, boiler ashes with circulating fluidized bed, hyperplasticizer «Fluid Premia-196». The study was performed using mathematical planning of the experiment. It is proved that with the replacement of sand with ashes, the freeze-thaw resistance is somewhat reduced, but the hyperplasticizer compensates the reduction of freeze-thaw resistance by reducing the W/C ratio, resulting in the formation of super-fine pore structure of concrete. Fine pores in the concrete structure compensate the ice formation stress at low ambient temperatures. The optimal cement consumption has been established in terms of freeze-thaw resistance, both at full and partial replacement of sand with ash. It was also determined that the optimum should be considered the consumption of a hyperplasticizer in the amount of 1.2-1.4% of the cement mass.
ESSENTIALS AND PROBLEMS SOLVING ALGORITHMS OF GENERAL STRENGTH THEORY OF RC ELEMENTS UNDER COMPLEX STRESS-STRAIN STATES
Authors: Mitrofanov V. P. , Pinchuk N.M. N. M.
Published: August 2018

The General strength theory of reinforced concrete elements (GSTRCE) passed the long and many-sided examination and showed the considerable advantages: well concordance with experiments, essential economic effect, solving method unity for different strength problems. Simple practical methods for calculating according to GSTRCE and available for use by designers and students are developed. The algorithms of calculating of two practically important problems are stated: strength control and selection of needed longitudinal and lateral reinforcement. Problems solving are represented by using «manual» method and well-known and easy-to-use software complex MS Excel. The results of experimental verification of GSTRCE are stated and the ones show well convergence of theoretical strength to experimental one.
DIRECTIONS AND MECHANISMS OF INNOVATIVE HIGH-TECH AND ORGANIZATIONAL DEVELOPMENT OF REAL ECONOMY SECTOR
Authors: Nesterenko M. P. , Redkin О. V. , Nesterenko T. M.
Published: August 2018

It is given the results of researching problems and prospects of real economy development and its leading sectors of economic activity – industry and construction. It is established the causes of development absence and inefficient functioning of these areas of management. On this basis the direction of innovation and high-tech industrial and organizational development and building complexes of the countr were determined. Modern mechanisms for the implementation of such strategic tasks at the expense creation and progress outrunning of domestic enterprises that are capable to use modern standards and strategic project management, the latest achievements of science, engineering and technology to develop and implement various investment projects and development programs were proposed. It is proved that research results should promote not only the progress of the real economy, industry and construction, but also to increase global living standards in Ukraine.
COMPREHENSIVE STUDY OF ATMOSPHERIC POLLUTION IN CITIES
Authors: Maksiuta N. S. , Golik Yu. S.
Published: August 2018

Assessment of air pollution level of Poltava is performed by using statistical data of enterprises inventory, stationary sites and results of calculations by program EOL-2000. Assessment and correlation the results by new researches (bioindication, air pollution indexes) according to the standards of Ukraine and the world ones are performed. The possibility of performance the further project for an impact of technology-related air pollution on the environment and human health is proved. Implementation of GIS for monitoring the air pollution of Poltava is proposed. This system can be used as a model of such GIS for other similar cities. The process of occurrence of the heat-island affect over cities and its influence on the atmospheric component is described. The importance and efficiency of the comprehensive study of atmospheric air pollution in cities are proved.
An Analytical Method for Crack Detection of Beams with Uncertain Boundary Conditions by a Concentrated Test Mass
Authors: Mohtasebi Seyed Milad , Khaji Naser
Published: August 2018

The aim of this study is to introduce a method for crack detection and simultaneously assessing boundary conditions in beams. This study suggests a method based on the effect of a concentrated test mass on the natural frequency that is defined as a stationary mass, which can be located in different positions of the beam and cannot be separated from the beam. Timoshenko beam theory is used to calculate the frequencies. In this method, a beam with the desired number of cracks is modeled. The beam is divided into separated parts at crack section which are joined together by elastic weightless torsion springs, to avoid non-linearity effects, it is assumed that the crack is always open. At the first step, equations for a cracked beam are extracted by considering the spring boundary conditions. Then, to verify the equations, numerical finite element model is used. In this way, a new method is also applied to model the torsion springs in supports and it is shown that suggested model is acceptable. Eventually, the obtained responses are evaluated and the sources of errors are identified. To correct the existing errors, a modifying function is suggested. Finally, the inverse problem is solved.
The Influence of Replacing Sand with Waste Glass Particle on the Physical and Mechanical Parameters of Concrete
Authors: Dabiri Hamed , Sharbatdar Mohammad Kazem , Kavyani A. , Baghdadi M.
Published: August 2018

Glass is a special type of materials which is widely used in various forms and colors for different usages. Colored bottles comprise a large part of waste glass. To reduce the destructive effects of waste glass on the environment, it might be recycled. However, some indecomposable waste materials are buried. This will have harmful effects on the environment. A practical solution for reducing non-recyclable waste colored glass is using them as replacements for materials in other industries such as concrete industry. The effect of replacing aggregate with waste glass particle on the compressive strength and weight of concrete is investigated in this study. To achieve the goal, totally 27 cubic specimens were created; 6 specimens were made of concrete, while waste glass particle was added to the mix of other specimens. To prevent Alkali Silica Reaction (ASR), Microsilica was added to the mix of specimens containing glass. Generally, Results indicated that replacing aggregate with glass particle more than 30% lead to increment in compressive strength of concrete. The weight of concrete remains almost the same in all of the specimens. Briefly, based on the results it could be concluded that the optimum percentage for replacing aggregate with glass particle is 50%.
Pengaruh Aplikasi Pupuk Hayati, Vermikompos Dan Pupuk Anorganik Terhadap Kandungan N, Populasi Azotobacter sp. Dan Hasil Kedelai Edamame (Glycine max (L.) Merill) Pada Inceptisols Jatinangor.
Authors: Setiawati Mieke Rochimi , Sofyan Emma Trinurani , Nurbaity Anne , Suryatmana Pujawati , Marihot Gordon Pius
Published: August 2018

In Indonesia, Inceptisols is the largest soil order on which intensive agriculture is done. The fertility of this soil order is low, so that it is necessary to improve the soil fertility by using biofertilizers and organic matter. The objectives of this experiment were to determine the effect of a biofertilizer that contains microbe Azotobacter sp., Vermicompost and N, P, K Fertilizer on N content, the population of Azotobacter sp., and the yield of the Edamame soybeans at Inceptisols Jatinangor. A Field experiment was conducted by using Randomized Blocked Design consisted of 10 treatments and three replication. The combinations of these treatments consisted of: control (no treatment), the dose recommendation Urea 100 kg ha-1 + SP36 150 kg ha-1 + KCl 125 kg ha-1, 5 ton ha-1 vermicompost + ½ recommendation ha-1 N, P, K, 5 ton ha-1 vermicompost + 1 recommendation ha-1 N, P, K, 5 ton ha-1 vermicompost + 1½ recommendation ha-1 N, P, K, 10 ton ha-1 vermicompost + ½ recommendation ha-1 N, P, K, 10 ton ha-1 vermicompost + 1 recommendation ha-1 N, P, K, 10 ton ha-1 vermicompost + 1½ recommendation ha-1 N, P, K, 5 ton ha-1 vermicompost +  ½ recommendation ha-1 N, P, K + liquid biofertilizers 5 L ha-1, 10 ton ha-1 Vermicompost + ½ recommendation ha-1 N, P, K + liquid biofertilizers 5 L ha-1.  The experimental results showed that the combined treatment of liquid biofertilizer, Vermicompost and N, P, K fertilizer enhanced the population of Azotobacter sp. and weight of soybean but did not significantly influence N uptake.
Efek Pencampuran Bahan Pestisida Nabati Terhadap Keefektifannya Dalam Menekan Colletotrichum sp. In Vitro Serta Penyakit Antraknosa Pada Stroberi
Authors: Istifadah Noor , Ayuningtyas Anggi , Nasahi Ceppy
Published: August 2018

Antrachnose disease caused by Colletotrichum sp. is one of the important diseases of strawberry in the field or after postharvest. The environmentally-friendly control measures is the use of botanical pesticides. Botanical pesticides that are commonly used by the farmers are mixture of several kinds of plant extract. This paper discuses the effects of combining water extract of garlic, galangal rhizome, and betel leaves on their efficacy in inhibiting conidial germination of Colletotrichum sp., the growth of miselium in vitro and the development of antracnose disease in strawberry. Preliminary study was conducted to determine the concentration of the extract that was used for further experiment. The experiment was arranged in the completely randomized design with 10 treatments involving water extract of garlic, galangal rhizome, betel leaves and their mixtures, fungicide and control/check. Each treatment was repeated three times.The results showed that combination of water extract of garlic, galangal rhizome and betel leaves did not enhance their efficacy. The inhibition effect of garlic water extract (5% concentration) was relatively better than its mixtures with galangal and betel leaves (total concentration 15%). The effects of galangal rhizome or betel leaves water extract and their mixtures were not significantly different. Water extract of garlic (15 %) inhibited Colletotrichum sp. which was showed by inhibition zone of 9.3 mm width; and suppressed the antrachnose disease in strawberry stolon by 83,7 %.
Pengaruh Pupuk Hayati Endofitik Dengan Azolla Pinnata Terhadap Serapan N , N-Total Tanah, Dan Bobot Kering Tanaman Padi (Oryza Sativa L.) Pada Tanah Salin
Authors: Dewi Alin Kusumah , Setiawati Mieke Rochimi
Published: August 2018

Saline soil contain excessive NaCl content which inhibit plant growth and lead to nitrogen deficiency. Endophytic bacteria live inside the plant tissue and has the ability to fix nitrogen directly from the atmosphere, meanwhile Azolla pinnata can be used as organic ameliorant that able to increase the number of availability nitrogen for plant in soil, and improve the physical, chemical, and biological properties of soil. The aims of this experiment were to find out the treatment that cause highest nitrogen uptake by plant, total-N of soil, and dry weight of rice in saline soil. The experimental design was randomized block design with eight treatments and four repetitions. The results showed that the application of biofertilizer and ameliorant increased nitrogen uptake by plant and dry weight of rice in saline soil, but there was no significant effect on  total-N of soil. This experiment suggested that endophytic bacteria biofertilizer and Azolla pinnata were effective to increase dry weight and nitrogen uptake of rice grown in soil with EC between  2 dS m-1 - 4 dS m-1.
Penggunaan Ekstrak Buah Hutung (Barringtonia Asiatika) Untuk Mengendalikan Hama Maruca Testulalis Penggerek Polong Pada Kacang Panjang
Authors: Siahaya Riski , Siahaya Victor George , Kalay Marthin , Talahaturuson Abraham
Published: August 2018

The use of synthetic chemicals to control plant pest should to be limited by utilizing natural products so that environmental contamination can be reduced and crop yields are safe to eat. The aim of this research is to get the effective concentration and application time of hutung fruit (Barringtonia asiatika) extract to control Maruca testulalis pod borer on long bean. The experiments design was complety randomized block design with treatments of  5% extract of hutung fruit with interval of time of two days application, 5% extract of nutmeg with time interval of three days application, 10% extract of nutmeg with time interval of two days application, 10% fruit extract hutung with a three-day application time interval. Two control treatments were 0.1% Decis insecticide with a three-day application time interval three replications and without any treatment. The result showed that 10% hutung fruit extract with two days application time interval was the best treatment and could decrease the intensity of Maruca testulalis pest borer attack on long bean up to 39,14%.
Populasi Bakteri Pelarut Fosfat, P-Potensial Dan Hasil Jagung Yang Dipengaruhi Oleh Aplikasi MPF Pada Ultisols Jatinangor
Authors: Fitriatin Betty Natalie , Agustina Mayang , Hindersah Reginawanti
Published: August 2018

Ultisol is low fertility soil and as low available P due to P fixation by Al and Fe. The phosphate solubilizing microbes (PSM) is the microbial group that enable realease fixed-P to soil solution and be absorbed by plant. This research was aimed to determine the effects of PSM biofertilizer and phosphate fertilizer dosage combination on soil potential P, total phosphate solubilizing bacteria (PSB) population and yield of maize (Zea mays L.) grown in Ultisols. This research used a Randomized Block Design that consist of nine treatments with three replications. The treatments were 100 kg ha-1 of SP-36 fertilizer, 50 kg ha-1 of PSM biofertilizer, SP-36 fertilizer (50 kg ha-1 and 100 kg ha-1) with PSM biofertilizer (25 kg ha-1, 50 kg ha-1 and 75 kg ha-1) repectively. The result showed that the combination of PSM and phosphate fertilizer dosage had significantly effect on PSB total population and maize yield, but did not not on  potential P. This experiment suggested that SP-36 fertilizer with 50 kg ha-1 dosage and PSM biofertilizer with 50 kg ha-1 dosage is the best combination.
Hongos micorrícico-arbusculares asociados a Chenopodiaceae en dos ambientes salinos de Córdoba.
Authors: Becerra Alejandra , Bartoloni Norberto , Cofré Noelia , Soteras Florencia , Cabello Marta
Published: August 2018

Los hongos micorrícico-arbusculares (HMA) colonizan proximadamente el 82% de las plantas terrestres en cualquier ecosistema, aún en condiciones extremas tales como los suelos salinos. En el presente trabajo se reporta la colonización micorrícica arbuscular (CMA) y su concentración radical encuatro especies de Chenopodiaceae (Allenrolfea patagonica, Atriplex argentina, Heterostachys ritteriana y Suaeda divaricata) en cinco profundidades del suelo en dos salinas del Centro de Argentina. Todas las plantas mostraron colonización micorrícica que varió significativamente entre especies y sitios para todas las profundidades. Atriplex argentina presentó el mayor porcentaje de CMA en casi todas las profundidades(0-50 cm). En todas las especies, la concentración radical disminuyó a medida que se incrementó la profundidad en ambos sitios. La presencia de raíces micorrizadas en las capas más profundas del suelo para las cuatro especies de Chenopodiaceae, muestran que estos hongos son tolerantes a vivir en los suelos salinos del centro de Argentina.
Caracterización exomorfológica y micrográfica de Cheilanthes pruinata, especie tóxica para el ganado y medicinal en humanos en la región Andina.
Authors: Flores Estela N. , Califano Laura M. , Gurni Alberto A. , Vignale Nilda D.
Published: August 2018

El objetivo del trabajo fue definir, mediante la aplicación del método micrográfico, los caracteres anatómicos de valor diagnóstico requeridos para identificar la parte aérea de la especie denominadacomúnmente “doradilla” (Cheilanthes pruinata Kaulf.) causal de intoxicaciones en el ganado menor en el NO de Argentina y que también es utilizada en medicina herbolaria en los Andes de Perú y Bolivia como analgésico y antihemorrágico. Se aplicó la técnica de disociado leve a hojas, órganos presumiblemente tóxicos y/o medicinales. Los resultados indican que, en láminas foliares, los pelos glandulares de pie uni y bicelulares, y cabeza secretora unicelular, las esporas triletes y los leptosporangios con anillo de dehiscencia vertical son las referencias válidas y en raquis y pecíolos los pelos tectores bicelulares de célula basal recta o acodada y célula apical aguzada fácilmente separable y fibro y macroesclereidas.Esta información es útil para reconocer la especie, tanto en contenido ruminal en caso de sospecha de intoxicación, como para realizar controles de calidad botánicos en muestras de herboristería.
Valor taxonómico del polen en Scrophulariaceae sensu lato
Authors: Sosa María de las Mercedes , Salgado Cristina R.
Published: August 2018

Este trabajo es el resultado del estudio palinomorfológico de 32 especies pertenecientes a 19 géneros de Scrophulariaceae sensu lato. Además se realizó un registro exhaustivo de la informaciónbibliográfica existente sobre la morfología polínica con el objetivo de analizar las relaciones entre las variables palinológicas y la clasificación sistemática actual. Los granos de polen analizados son:mónades, radiosimétricos e isopolares, de tamaño variable desde pequeños (11 ?m) hasta medianos (51 ?m), predominantemente esferoidales (P/E= 1), a veces suboblatos (P/E= 0,76), oblato-esferoidales (P/E= 0,95), prolatos (P/E=1,63) y perprolatos (P/E= 2,63). Inaperturados, 3-(4-5) colpados, 3-(4-5) colporados, espiraperturados, 2-8 sincolpados, 3-diploporados y pantoporados. La exina puede ser semitectada (retipilada, reticulada o estriada perforada) y tectada (psilada, foveolada, perforada, escábrida, rugulada, verrugosa, granulada, estriada o equinulada). Se realizó un análisis estadístico en base a una matriz de datos, compuesta por los caracteres palinológicos de 32 especies estudiadas sumado a la recopilación bibliográfica de 140 géneros y 218 especies pertenecientes a Scrophulariaceae sensu lato. El análisis de agrupamiento (UPGMA), confirmó que las diferencias palinomorfológicas apoyan la clasificación sistemática actual.
Diferenciación cromosómica en tres especies de Leptostemonum (Solanum, Solanaceae) endémicos de islas oceánicas.
Authors: Chiarini Franco E. , Gauthier Martha J.
Published: August 2018

Diferenciación cromosómica en tres especies de Leptostemonum (Solanum, Solanaceae) endémicos de islas oceánicas. Los cromosomas de Solanum nelsonii, S. sandwicense (endémicosde las islas Hawaii) y de S. vespertilio (de las islas Canarias) fueron estudiados por medio de tinción clásica, bandeo CMA/DAPI y FISH con sondas para los genes de ADNr de 18-5.8-26S y 5S. El objetivofue comprobar cambios cromosómicos (número cromosómico, cariotipo, patrones de heterocromatina y loci de ADNr) durante la evolución de estos taxones, en comparación con sus parientes continentales. Una aparente estasis cromosómica fue confirmada para las tres especies, en lo que respecta a número cromosómico y cariotipos. Sin embargo, también se encontró evidencia de cambios de secuencias crípticos, acumulativos. La especiación en estas especies no estaría asociada a grandes rearreglos cromosómicos o poliploidía, sino más bien a divergencia genética.
Campyloneurum angustifolium, nuevo registro de Polypodiaceae para Argentina
Authors: Jaimez Dalma G. , Martínez Olga G.
Published: August 2018

Campyloneurum angustifolium (Sw.) Fée (Polypodiaceae) es un nuevo registro para Argentina. Se presenta una descripción de la especie e ilustraciones de la planta, así como un mapa y una clave para las especies de Campyloneurum que crecen en el noroeste argentino.
Arquitectura foliar de las especies de Myrtaceae nativas de la flora Argentina IV. Tribus Metrosidereae y Myrteae, y clave basada en caracteres foliares.
Authors: González Cynthia C.
Published: August 2018

Este trabajo completa la serie sobre de arquitectura foliar de las especies nativas de Mirtáceas Argentinas. En esta contribución se estudian 2 géneros nativos, considerados en el pasado como deposición incierta de la tribu Myrteae, y la única especie de la tribu Metrosidereae nativa de Sudamérica.Una especie de Blepharocalyx y dos especies de Eugenia muestran hojas simples, con ápice y base variables, textura coriácea, margen entero; venación de primera categoría pinnada, simple y recta, sinvenas agróficas; venas secundarias broquidódromas, con o sin venas paramarginal e intramarginal; venas terciarias y cuaternarias reticuladas al azar o percurrentes; venas de quinta categoría reticuladas al azar, percurrentes o dicotomizadas; presentan aréolas; vénulas ramificadas una, dos o más veces; venación última marginal ojalada. Por otro lado, las hojas de Metrosideros son simples, con ápice agudo y base aguda, textura coriácea, margen entero; venas de primera categoría acródroma-suprabasal, con venas agróficas compuestas; venas secundarias cladódromas o ramificadas, sin venas paramarginales ni intramarginales; venas terciarias dicotomizadas, sin aréolas; vénulas ramificadas dos o más veces, y venación última marginal abierta. Se presenta una clave de reconocimiento basada en caracteres o combinaciones de caracteres de arquitectura foliar, que permite diferenciar las especies nativas de Mirtáceas argentinas.
Análise comparativa da anatomia da madeira de 41 espécies de Rubiaceae sob enfoque taxonômico.
Authors: Baldin Talita , Siegloch Anelise Marta , Cardoso Marchiori José Newton , Denardi E Luciano
Published: August 2018

Rubiaceae é uma das famílias mais complexas do ponto de vista taxonômico, fato comprovado pelas inúmeras alterações ocorrentes ao longo dos anos na sua organização interna.O presente estudo investiga a madeira de 41 espécies, com base na revisão de literatura e verifica através da análise multivariada a formação de grupos e posicionamento das espécies nas subfamíliasIxoroideae, Rubioideae e Cinchonoideae. Pode-se verificar que o grupo apresenta-se estruturalmente homogêneo, devido ao grande número de caracteres anatômicos compartilhados, como já havia sidoafirmado por muitos pesquisadores da área. As espécies não se agruparam totalmente de acordo com suas subfamílias. A análise também se mostra favorável a passagem do gênero Calycophyllum para a subfamília Cinchonoideae e as espécies de Calycophyllum permanecem unidas no dendrograma, evidenciando a homogeneidade do gênero.
Crecimiento anual de cuatro especies arbóreas con yemas desnudas nativas de los bosques templados húmedos de Patagonia.
Authors: Sosa Claudia M. , Puntieri Javier G.
Published: August 2018

Las especies vegetales que habitan en regiones con bajo nivel de estacionalidad en el clima suelen presentar rasgos morfo-arquitecturales que ocurren con menor frecuencia en especiesde regiones con clima estacional. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar el crecimiento primario en vivero de cuatro especies leñosas típicas de los bosques templados húmedos de Patagonia, conocidoscomo selva valdiviana, donde el grado de estacionalidad es menos marcado que en otros bosques patagónicos. Las especies estudiadas, Aextoxicon punctatum, Luma apiculata, Myrceugenia exsucca ySophora microphylla, comparten con muchas especies tropicales la posesión de yemas desnudas. Se evaluaron, durante un año calendario, la fenología, el crecimiento y la ramificación del eje principal de plantas marcadas. El crecimiento primario en estas especies fue marcadamente estacional, como en se ha registrado en especies arbóreas con yemas escamosas con las que coexisten. Sin embargo, se detectaron notables diferencias intra- e inter-específicas en el inicio y la finalización del crecimiento; L. apiculata y M. exsucca (Myrtaceae) presentaron mayores variaciones que las restantes dos especies.Nuestros resultados indican la intervención de varios factores reguladores del crecimiento primario en las especies estudiadas, como ocurre en especies con crecimiento continuo.
El cultivo in vitro de esporas y los aspectos reproductivos del helecho anual Anogramma chaerophylla (Pteridaceae).
Authors: Luna María L. , Yañez Agustina , Ramos Giacosa Juan Pablo , Giacosa Ramos , Berrueta Pedro C. , Giudice Gabriela E.
Published: August 2018

El cultivo in vitro de esporas y los aspectos reproductivos del helecho anual Anogramma chaerophylla (Pteridaceae). Anogramma chaerophylla pertenece a un género de helechos con esporofitos anuales y gametofitos potencialmente perennes. En el área de estudio, la Reserva Natural Punta Lara, la vegetación crece bajo estrés debido principalmente a la contaminación y la invasión de especies exóticas. Como parte de un proyecto de conservación de helechos que habitan en la provincia de Buenos Aires, los objetivos del trabajo fueron evaluar en Anogramma chaerophylla las condiciones para la germinación de esporas in-vitro y analizar las distintas etapas de su ciclo reproductivo. Las esporas fueron desinfectadas en solución 10 % de NaCIO durante distintos tiempos y sembradas luego en medio de cultivo Murashige – Skoog, sin agregado de sacarosa. Las cápsulas se incubaron con un fotoperíodo de 12 h luz/oscuridad y una temperatura de 22 (± 2) °C. A las dos semanas germinaron el 80% de las esporas. El patrón de germinación fue tipo Vittaria y el desarrollo del protalo tipo Ceratopteris.Los gametangios aparecieron primero en la región engrosada del protalo donde posteriormente se originaron los tubérculos bisexuales. Los esporofitos se desarrollaron solo en asociación con los tubérculos. Durante su cultivo en macetas, éstos dieron origen a una segunda generación de protalos.Nuestros resultados demuestran que la técnica de cultivo in vitro es apropiada para la propagación de Anogramma chaerophylla y como estrategia para su conservación ex-situ.
Leaf vein density and photosynthetic rate in Rosa: Is there a correlation?
Authors: Pagano Mario , Storchi Paolo
Published: August 2018

A thorough knowledge of the leaf vascular network and its evolution is essential for understanding the fluid dynamics of water movement in leaves. Recent studies have shown how these networks can be involved in the performance of photosynthesis, which is linked to the density of the vascular network per unit of leaf area. The aim of this study is to highlight the correlation between leaf vein density (VD) and physiological parameters. The hypothesis proposed was tested on the leaves ofthe “Isabel Renaissance” (IR) rose cultivar. The main result concerned the VD, which was significantly correlated with the maximum leaf net photosynthetic rate (PN). This finding supports the hypothesis that the vascular system of IR leaves can be correlated with leaf photosynthesis performance.
Notas taxonómicas y de distribución de Carex (Cyperaceae) en el Neotrópico.
Authors: Jiménez-Mejías Pedro , Fabbroni Mariela , Donadío Sabina , Rodríguez-Palacios Giovanni E. , Hilpold Andreas , Martín-Bravo Santiago , Waterway Marcia J. , Roalson Eric H.
Published: August 2018

Notas taxonómicas y de distribución de Carex (Cyperaceae) en el Neotrópico. Presentamos datos relevantes acerca de la taxonomía y distribución de 20 especies del género Carex en el Neotrópico(de la region Caribe a la Patagonia). Aportamos un total de 19 registros nuevos, dos de ellos para especies hasta el momento no registradas para Sudamérica, diez especies citadas como novedad para diferentes países y siete especies aquí reportadas como novedades regionales en Argentina, Bolivia y Chile. Lectotipificamos de nueve nombres de especies (C. brehmeri, C. catharinensis, C. ecuadorica, C. firmicaulis, C. fuscula, C. mandoniana, C. phleoides, C. polysticha y C. subantarctica) y epitipificamos uno de ellos (C. fuscula). Finalmente, proponemos a Carex koyamae como nuevo sinónimo de Carex phleoides.
Esporas de Funaria hygrometrica y Entosthodon laxus (Funariaceae, Bryophyta) para la región de Tierra del Fuego, Argentina.
Authors: Piñeiro María R.
Published: August 2018

La familia Funariaceae se halla representada en Tierra del Fuego, por los géneros Entosthodon Schwägr. y Funaria Hedw. Entosthodon con una única especie, E. laxus, y Funaria con dos variedades, F. hygrometrica var. hygrometrica y F. hygrometrica var. fuegiana. Se analizan y describen, en base a material fresco y de herbario, los esporofitos y esporas de las especies citadas, más la variedad de una de ellas. Las observaciones se hicieron con Microscopios Óptico y Electrónico de Barrido. Los esporofitos de ambos géneros presentan cápsulas con distinta forma, color y longitud. En las esporas se observan diferencias en el tamaño y ornamentación de la superficie. Se puede concluir que el estudio de los esporofitos, y en especial el análisis de las esporas, aportan características significativasque contribuyen a la diferenciación y sistemática de estos taxa.
Caracterización morfo-anatomía y aceites esenciales de Tagetes terniflora y Tagetes minuta (Asteraceae) de Tucumán (Argentina).
Authors: Lizarraga Emilio , Mercado Maria I. , Galvez Carolina , Ruiz Ana I. , Ponessa Graciela I. , Catalan Cesar A. N.
Published: August 2018

Caracterización morfo-anatomía y aceites esenciales de Tagetes terniflora y Tagetes minuta (Asteraceae) de Tucumán (Argentina). Se estudió la composición del aceite esencial y morfo-anatomía de Tagetes minuta coleccionada en “El Mollar” y de dos poblaciones diferentes de Tagetes terniflora de Tafí del Valle (Tucumán, Argentina). El aceite esencial de las partes aéreas (flores y hojas) de ambas especies se analizó por cromatografía gaseosa-espectrometría de masa. Se observaron diferencias cuali- y cuantitativas en la composición del aceite esencial de ambas especies. En las dos colecciones deT. terniflora los compuestos dominantes del aceite esencial fueron monoterpenos oxigenados donde el componente principal fue la cis-tagetona (33.6% y 58.4% respectivamente) acompañado por cantidades significativas del hidrocarburo monoterpénico cis-?-ocimeno (17.1% y 17.4% respectivamente). La istagetona(53.2%) fue también el componente dominante en T. minuta junto con dihidrotagetona (10.4%) y cis-?-ocimeno (19.9%). La cis- y trans-ocimenona fueron componentes característicos de T. terniflora que no fueron detectados en T. minuta. Anatómicamente se destaca la presencia de cavidades secretorasy tricomas glandulares secretores en los bordes foliares y conductos secretores en tallos y pecíolo de ambas especies.
Rápido movimiento de plantas exóticas en la zona central de Chile. Una reconstrucción a través de evidencia histórica y palinológica.
Authors: Vargas P. , Torrejón F. , Pauchard A. , Urrutia R.
Published: August 2018

Para comprender la dinámica de las comunidades vegetales que conforman actualmente a la zona central de Chile, se realizó un análisis polínico-sedimentario que diferenció entre taxones nativos y exóticos. Este fue complementado con una reconstrucción histórica de los últimos 500 añosdel valle Itata, Región del Bio-Bio. Con lo anterior, se establecieron tres periodos históricos: Situación Prehispánica, se describe al valle como un llano provisto de vegetación xeromórfica, pobre en especies; Periodo de Auge Agrícola-ganadero, caracterizado por la aparición de las primeras plantas exóticas: Poaceae >40um, Rumex, Rutaceae, Prunus, tréboles y cardos, las cuales se aclimataron y expandieron rápidamente, favorecidas aún más, por los conflictos bélicos y movimientos socioculturales de los siglos XVII-XIX; Periodo Forestal, dónde se registraron especies de rápido crecimiento como: Alnus, Acacia, Eucalyptus, Cupressus y Pinus, introducidas con los objetivos de detener la erosión de los suelos y de satisfacer la creciente demanda en madera. En sólo 250 años (1600-1850) la cantidad de especies exóticas habría igualado a las especies nativas. No obstante, estas se habrían adaptado a suelos menosfavorecidos, no afectando mayormente a los árboles nativos. Entre estas plantas destaca el pino, su introducción en la región habría ocurrido en ~1850, tardando sólo 50 años en dominar el paisaje natural de la cuenca.
Notas nomenclaturales en el género Schinopsis (Anacardiaceae).
Authors: Mogni Virginia Y. , Prado Darién E. , Oakley Luis J.
Published: August 2018

Durante el estudio monográfico del género Schinopsis (Anacardiaceae) se realizó una revisión nomenclatural de sus especies y sinónimos. Se lectotipifican los nombres Schinopsis brasiliensis, S. brasiliensis var. glabra, S. heterophylla, S. marginata y S. peruviana y se indican algunos casos de lectotipificaciones desapercibidas en trabajos previos. Se designa un epitipo para S. haenkeana, entidad considerada hasta ahora como taxón dudoso.