bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Organic geochemistry of Mongolian oils
Authors: Kashirtsev V. A.
Published: October 2022

The composition and distribution of biomarker hydrocarbons in the Tamsagbulag oil field (Mongolia) has been studied. A unique variety of “fingerprints” was found in unchanged oils and biodegraded differences (three homologous series of secohopanes, etc.). According to the composition of biomarkers, Mongolian oils are very close to Baikal oils.
Palynostratigraphy of the Oligocene and Neogene-Quaternary deposits of the Ishim and Irtysh Interfluve (by example of boreholes 3 and 6)
Authors: Kuzmina O. B.
Published: October 2022

A biostratigraphic subdivision based on palynological data of Oligocene and Neogene-Quaternary deposits recovered by wells 3 and 6 in the south of Western Siberia on the border of the Tyumen and Omsk regions is presented. Eight spore and pollen assemblages are identified and compared with zonal assemblages of the West Siberia regional scale. Layers with dinocysts are identified in the Turtas Formation. To include them in the stratigraphic scheme of the new generation, it is proposed to consider the territory between the villages of Katai and Listvyagi as a stratotype area of this biostraton.
Features of hydrogeochemistry of natural waters the tracts of the Kastropol (southern coast of the Crimean peninsula)
Authors: Maksimova A. A.
Published: October 2022

This paper presents comprehensive hydrogeochemical studies of the natural waters the tracts of the Kastropol. The studied waters are mainly characterized by HCO Ca and HCO Mg-Ca composition with total mineralization, which varies from 220 to 2306 mg/dm and silicon content from 0,78 to 6,08. The geochemical parameters of the environment vary from the reductive to oxidative setting with Eh from -146,6 to +275,9 mV; pH from 7,4 to 8,5, and O from 1,80 to 7,73 mg/dm. Natural waters were divided into two geochemical groups by geochemical coefficients that differ from each other in their relations Ca/Na, Ca/Mg and Si/Na. B, Br, I, Re и Au accumulate in the waters. Li, B, Sr, Re and Au have a very strong migration ability in solution. According to the indices of water pollution with heavy metals, a high degree of enrichment of the waters of wells in the Partizanskoye village was established.
Maceral composition and conditions of forest-to-coal process of the Vasyugan Formation in southwest of Tomsk region
Authors: Bondorov R. A. , Fomin A. N.
Published: October 2022

The maceral composition of the coals of the Vasyugan Formation has been studied microscopically. Their description is carried out, groups, classes, subclasses, types and subtypes are distinguished, photographs of the most typical macerals are shown. Based on these materials, an assumption about the conditions for the formation of coal-bearing seams was made.
Definition of the hydrogeochemical background of the Novosibirsk urban agglomeration natural waters
Authors: Chernykh A. V. , Novikov D. A. , Dultsev F. F. , Derkachev A. S. , Maksimova A. A.
Published: October 2022

Based on the results of field and chemical-analytical work in 2018-2021 for the first time, the characteristics of the hydrogeochemical background for the natural waters of the Novosibirsk urban agglomeration were substantiated. It has been established that the background concentrations of chemical elements in surface and ground waters decrease in the order from Si to In. Hydrogeochemical anomalies were established in the distribution of As, U, Ti, Li, Al, Si, Mn, Fe, Br, I, Sb, which served as the basis for compiling a map of the degree of pollution of the natural waters of the city of Novosibirsk. Among the surface waters, the most polluted are the waters of the rivers: Inya (near the village of Novolugovoe), 2nd Eltsovka (near the Chemical Concentrates Plant), Plyushchikha (near Vilyuiskaya Street), Eltsovka (in Nizhnyaya Eltsovka), Kamyshenka (in Inyushensky Bor), as well as rivers Ob (in the Zaeltsovsky forest). It should be noted that the concentrations of hazardous elements in the Kamyshenka, Plyushchikha and 2 Eltsovka rivers decrease towards their mouths. The least polluted with toxic elements were the waters of the Tula and Kamenka rivers, the studied lakes and backwaters, the Gorsky and Tulinsky flooded quarries, as well as the samples taken in the standpipe near the Bugrinsky bridge.
Substantiation of the geoelectric model of the freshwater reservoir in the water areas
Authors: Ageenkov E. V. , Ivanov S. A. , Olenchenko V. V.
Published: October 2022

The relevance of the search for fresh water exists for large areas of the planet. Often arid regions are washed by saline reservoirs, under the waters of which lie significant volumes of fresh water. To search for these waters, it is rational to use aquatic methods of electrical exploration. The substantiation of the geoelectrical model of a freshwater reservoir in offshore areas for numerical modeling of an electrical survey signal at direct current and during a transient process is given. The result of the study shows the rationality of using electrical exploration methods for the search and exploration of freshwater reservoirs in the water areas.
Geophysical research for organization and service of the regional permafrost monitoring network in the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous District
Authors: Shein A. N. , Kraev G. N. , Kamnev Ya. K.
Published: October 2022

The results of the application of geophysical methods for the organization and maintenance of the regional permafrost monitoring network in the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous District are described in the paper. Arctic Research Center in 2021 used the method of electrical resistivity tomography to determine the locations of the thermometric well. The consistency and necessity of using geophysical methods to search permafrost with deep top near the border of continuous and discontinuous permafrost zone is confirmed. Ground-penetrating radar was used at the CALM R53 site as an additional tool for determining the thickness of active layer. It is shown that the complex of geophysical methods and traditional measurements with a permafrost probe when studying the active layer in hard lithological conditions is necessary to refine and supplement the data.
Joint numerical inversion of resistivity logging data in vertical wells of the Imilorskoye field
Authors: Lapkovskaya A. A. , Petrov A. M. , Danilovskiy K. N. , Sukhorukova K. V.
Published: October 2022

The paper considers an example of applying a joint 2D numerical inversion to the resistivity logs measured at complex sediments intervals of the Imilorskoye field. Complex structure of the sediments makes it difficult to use the traditional interpretation techniques for processing resistivity logs. This leads to the need to find new interpretation approaches, such as joint 2D inversion of resistivity logs obtained by different geophysical methods, which makes it possible to retrieve more reliable estimates of complex sediments electrophysical properties. Due to the lack of measurements taken by modern equipment in old wells, the proposed approach for improving the accuracy of the retrieved electrophysical parameters in this work is a joint 2D inversion of unfocused lateral logging sounding data, focused lateral and low-frequency induction logs.
SOSIALISASI PERATURAN MENTERI NOMOR 20 TAHUN 2018 TENTANG PENGELOLAAN KEUANGAN DESA DI DESA NITNEO KECAMATAN KUPANG BARAT KABUPATEN KUPANG PROVINSI NUSA TENGGARA TIMUR
Authors: Junus J. Beliu  , Bulkis  , Yusinta N. Fina  , Noveni M. Malle  , Yudith A. Frans
Published: October 2022

Desa Nitneo, Kecamatan Kupang Barat adalah salah satu dari 160 desa di Kabupaten Kupang yang berbatasan langsung dengan Kota Kupang ibukota Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Timur. Letak desa yang strategis ini, memungkinkan akses pelayanan kepada masyarakat menjadi lebih mudah. Dalam pengelolaan dana desa misalnya,hal ini diharapkan mampu meningkatkan kesejahteraan masyarakat di desa tersebut, namun dalam pengelolaannya mereka masih mengalami kendala akibat kurangnya pengetahuan aparatur desa dalam mengelola dana desa. Kegiatan ini dibuat untuk memberikan solusi terhadap masalah tersebut. Sosialisasi, pelatihan, dan pendampingan pengelolaan keuangan desa merupakan solusi yang ditawarkan untuk membantu permasalahan yang ada di desa ini. Targetnya, aparatur desa memiliki pengetahuan dan pemahaman dalam mengelola keuangan desa, perhitungan pajak dan mempertanggungjawabankan dana desa. Hasil dari kegiatan ini adalah peningkatan kualitas pengelolaan dana desa bagi aparatur desa, karena selain mendapat pengetahuan tentang peraturan pengelolaan dana desa, mereka juga langsung mempraktekkan perhitungan pajak dan mengoperasikan aplikasi pelaporan keuangan dana desa dengan didampingi oleh tenaga teknis yang ada. Aparatur desa merasa terbantu melalui kegiatan ini.
AGRIBUSINESS GOES TO SCHOOL: PENINGKATAN KETERAMPILAN BERTANI MEMANFAATKAN PEKARANGAN SEKOLAH UNTUK MENDUKUNG PROGRAM SEKOLAH HIJAU
Authors: Ila Fadila  , Venty Fitriany Nurunisa  , Sri Yuniati PKH  , Hedi Heriyadi  , Mohamad Rajih Radiansyah
Published: October 2022

Regenerasi wawasan dan keterampilan di sektor pertanian menjadi semakin penting untuk menunjang keberlanjutan masa depan pangan dan Indonesia sebagai Negara Agraris. Pemerintah melalui Kementerian Pertanian, sejak tahun 2019 telah mempersiapkan regenerasi petani dan peningkatan minat generasi muda terhadap pertanian melalui Program Pertanian Masuk Sekolah (PMS). Kecakapan di sektor pertanian tidak hanya penting dimiliki oleh petani atau orang yang bekerja di sektor pertanian. Kecakapan dalam bercocok tanam merupakan salah satu kecakapan hidup yang merupakan ketrampilan praktis bagi seseorang yang dapat dimanfaatkan dalam kehidupannya sehari-hari. SMA Muhammadiyah 25 Tangerang Selatan mempunyai perencanaan kegiatan unggulan sekolah, satu diantaranya adalah meningkatkan kemampuan bercocok tanam dan hasil olahnya, serta sebagai bekal untuk kegiatan kewirausahaan. Melalui program Pengabdian Masyarakat “Agribusiness Goes to School: Peningkatan Keterampilan Bertani Memanfaatkan Pekarangan Sekolah Untuk Mendukung Program Sekolah Hijau” Prodi Agribisnis melalui dosen-dosennya dapat membagikan ilmu dan pengetahuan yang dapat memberikan manfaat bagi masyarakat. Hal tersebut dilakukan melalui kegiatan bertani hidroponik khususnya di lingkungan SMA Muhammadiyah 25, Tangerang Selatan. Tujuan dari kegiatan PkM Agribusiness Goes to School adalah 1) meningkatkan pengetahuan dan keterampilan terkait pemanfaatan lahan pekarangan sekolah melalui metode hidroponik, 2) meningkatkan pengetahuan dan keterampilan dalam menganalisis biaya dan manfaat ekonomis hidroponik, dan 3) meningkatkan pengetahuan dan keterampilan guru dan siswa SMA Muhammadiyah 25 dalam mengolah pangan sehat dan bergizi dengan memanfaatkan sayuran dari pekarangan sendiri. Metode yang digunakan dalam program ini menerapkan pola blended, yakni gabungan antara webinar yang dilakukan secara online dengan praktik tatap muka. Program ini terdiri dari 8 tahapan aktivitas, yakni aktivitas i) survey dan persiapan, ii) webinar budidaya hidroponik, iii) webinar analisis usahatani sayuran hidroponik, iv) pelatihan budidaya hidroponik, v) monitoring, vi) panen, vii) webinar gizi dan kesehatan sayuran, dan viii) tutorial olahan produk hidroponik. Pihak sekolah mitra, guru dan para siswa sangat antusias dalam menerima berbagai informasi yang diberikan selama program berlangsung. Pihak SMA Muhammadiyah 25 berniat melanjutkan kegiatan praktik Bertani hidroponik, dan menjadikanya sebagai bagian dari kurikulum pembelajaran di sekolah. Aktivitas bertani hidroponik dapat dijadikan model pembelajaran berbasis experience, dimana siswa dengan peminatan IPA dapat memperdalam kompetensi bertani hidroponik melalui mata pelajaran Biologi, sementara siswa dengan peminatan IPS dapat memperdalam kompetensi wirausaha dan pemasaran melalui pengembangan usahatani hasil kebun hidroponik.
BIDIK LAHAN SEMPIT DESA CILEBUT JADI INDAH PRODUKTIF MELALUI PEMANFAATAN TEKNOLOGI VERTIKULTUR HIDROPONIK
Authors: Dem Vi Sara  , Enang Rusyana  , Arina Rubyasih  , Sukma Wahyu Wijayanti
Published: October 2022

Lahan pertanian terutama di wilayah perkotaan dan pinggiran kota, saat ini banyak yang beralih fungsi menjadi daerah pemukiman. Desa Cilebut Barat yang berada di pinggiran kota Bogor Kabupaten Bogor pun tak luput dari imbas pesat dan masifnya urbanisasi. Wilayah ini mengalami alih fungsi lahan yang tak terbendung dari degradasi lahan pertanian menjadi pemukiman. Daerah perumahan yang dibangun, dipaksakan untuk menampung lonjakan pendatang, sehingga area terbuka untuk luasan tanaman dan serapan air hujan semakin sempit. Betonisasi jalan komplek menyebabkan desa Cilebut Barat sering mengalami banjir saat musim hujan dan kekeringan saat musim kemarau. Suasana lingkungan perumahan terkesan gersang dan tidak segar karena sangat kurangnya area penghijauan. Data desa menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar warga desa adalah pensiunan pegawai, ibu rumah tangga, dan profesi lepas lain yang masih kesulitan memenuhi kebutuhan primer hidupnya. Mereka sangat mengidamkan lingkungan yang asri dan produktif, tetapi terkendala dengan pengetahuan, biaya dan lahan yang sempit terbatas. Tim Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat (PkM) Universitas Terbuka Bogor tertantang untuk membantu memberi alternatif solusi menciptakan lingkungan yang asri, sekaligus mengembangkan kegiatan berestetika, sehat, dan produktif. Program yang ditawarkan adalah edukasi, pendampingan pelatihan, dan praktik memanfaatkan teknologi vertikultur hidroponik pada lahan sempit pekarangan. Vertikultur hidroponik adalah sistem tanam dengan media air di dalam wadah/paralon yang disusun/dirakit secara vertikal atau bertingkat pada lahan terbatas. Tanaman yang direkomendasikan adalah tanaman pangan sayuran karena dapat dijadikan sebagai bagian dari gaya hidup (life style) dalam memenuhi kebutuhan pangan keluarga. Kegiatan dilaksanakan di lingkungan RT 07/RW 09 pada bulan September-Oktober 2020 dengan peserta sejumlah 48 orang warga desa. Kebermanfaatan program terlihat dari peningkatan pengetahuan, keterampilan, aktivitas sosial kebersamaan warga desa dalam menciptakan lingkungan hijau, indah, kreatif yang berpotensi menopang kehidupan ekonomi sehari-hari.
OPTIMALISASI PEMASARAN BUMDES MELALUI PENGEMBANGAN WEBSITE BUMDES di DESA KURIPAN KECAMATAN CISEENG KABUPATEN BOGOR
Authors: Cherly Kemala Ulfa  , Dedy Juniadi  , Siti Aisyah  , Zainur Hidayah  , Minrohayati  , Muhammad Sahputra
Published: October 2022

Tujuan kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini adalah untuk mendorong pemasaran produk-produk Badan Usaha Milik Desa (Bumdes) melalui website Bumdes yang berlokasi di Desa Kuripan Kecamatan Ciseeng, Kabupaten Bogor, dimana Bumdes mempunyai potensi untuk dikembangkan melalui pemasaran yang agresif melalui pengembangan Website. Manfaat pengembangan website tersebut adalah selain sebagai media komunikasi dan informasi juga sebagai pengungkit pemasaran produk unggulan desa. Metode yang digunakan dalam kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini berbasis research and development (RnD) sederhana. Tahapan kegiatan dimulai dengan menganalisis kebutuhan Bumdes dan menetapkan prioritas program-program dalam rangka peningkatan dan penguatan kapasitas Bumdes, yang meliputi pengembangan website, pemilihan talent yang memiliki kompetensi yang dibutuhkan sekaligus merancang program, melakukan edukasi bagi operator website di Desa serta dilanjutkan dengan kegiatan evaluasi untuk mengetahui manfaat dan efektifitas program yang telah berjalan. Hasil dari kegiatan ini adalah telah terbentuknya website desa yang telah terintegrasi dengan berbagai fitur-fitur media social sebagai media pemasaran berbasis online. Saran dari hasil kegiatan ini adalah agar website dapat terpelihara secara berkelanjutan dan diharapkan dapat muncul kesadaran dan partisipasi masyarakat untuk memanfaatkan website sebagai sarana komunikasi dan informasi serta sebagai media pemasaran yang efektif pada era Revolusi 5.0.
PENANAMAN JENIS POHON BUAH KOMERSIAL UNTUK PENGHIJAUAN DAN INVESTASI PENINGKATAN KESEJAHTERAAN MASYARAKAT KELURAHAN OEPURA KECAMATAN MAULAFA KOTA KUPANG
Authors: Wise Rogate Silalahi  , Yos Sudarso  , Yusinta Natalia Fina  , Imelda Paulina Soko
Published: October 2022

Kondisi iklim di Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Timur secara umum dan Kota Kupang secara khusus adalah memiliki curah hujan per tahun rendah, cuaca menjadi kering, panas, dan gersang. Tingkat kesuburan tanah tergolong rendah karena sedikitnya unsur hara pada tanah. Pada kondisi lingkungan seperti ini, penghijauan diperlukan untuk peningkatan kualitas lahan. Hasil observasi menunjukkan, di Kota Kupang masih terdapat lahan kosong pekarangan warga yang belum dimanfaatkan. Pada Kelurahan Oepura Kecamatan Maulafa Kota Kupang, dari rata-rata lahan pribadi seluas 400 m2, masih terdapat sekitar 50 m2 belum termanfaatkan.Penghijauan di lahan milik pribadi, memerlukan dukungan dari pemilik lahan. Tingkat kesibukan, tekanan hidup, membuat masyarakat kota memiliki pertimbangan ekonomi dalam pengambilan keputusan, termasuk kegiatan penghijauan. Investasi biaya, tenaga, dan waktu yang dikeluarkan, harus memberikan manfaat ekonomi yang lebih besar di masa mendatang. Baik berupa peningkatan pendapatan dan atau penurunan pengeluaran. Penghijauan merupakan investasi karena hasil yang didapat masih menunggu beberapa tahun setelah penanaman. Diduga penanaman jenis pohon buah komersial didukung masyarakat karena dapat meningkatkan kualitas lingkungan, sekaligus merupakan investasi untuk peningkatan kesejahteraan masyarakat. Untuk itu Tim PkM merencanakan melakukan penjelasan penamanan jenis pohon buah komersial di lahan warga, berupa manfaat lingkungan dan manfaat ekonomis. Metode yang digunakan adalah pelatihan dan non pelatihan, berupa pelatihan teknis silvikultur, agrikultur meliputi persiapan lahan, penanaman, pemeliharaan, pemanenan, serta non pelatihan berupa aspek manajerial meliputi analisis usaha pertanian dari tanaman jenis pohon buah komersial.Penjelasan program yang dilakukan Tim PkM mendapat respon positif dari warga. Sebanyak 100 bibit jenis pohon buah komersial yang terdiri dari Kelengkeng (Dimocarpus longan) sebanyak 20 bibit, Mangga (Mangifera indica) sebanyak 60 bibit, dan Jeruk Keprok (Citrus reticulata) sebanyak 20 bibit, mendapat dukungan warga dan telah dilakukan penanaman di lahan pribadi di bulan Oktober dan November 2021. Ketercapaian penanaman ini merupakan bentuk perbaikan kualitas lingkungan dan investasi peningkatan kesejahteraan masyarakat perkotaan.
Towards the human nasal microbiome: Simulating D. pigrum and S. aureus
Authors: Mostolizadeh Reihaneh , Glöckler Manuel , Dräger Andreas
Published: October 2022

The human nose harbors various microbes that decisively influence the wellbeing and health of their host. Among the most threatening pathogens in this habitat is Staphylococcus aureus. Multiple epidemiological studies identify Dolosigranulum pigrum as a likely beneficial bacterium based on its positive association with health, including negative associations with S. aureus. Carefully curated GEMs are available for both bacterial species that reliably simulate their growth behavior in isolation. To unravel the mutual effects among bacteria, building community models for simulating co-culture growth is necessary. However, modeling microbial communities remains challenging. This article illustrates how applying the NCMW fosters our understanding of two microbes’ joint growth conditions in the nasal habitat and their intricate interplay from a metabolic modeling perspective. The resulting community model combines the latest available curated GEMs of D. pigrum and S. aureus. This uses case illustrates how to incorporate genuine GEM of participating microorganisms and creates a basic community model mimicking the human nasal environment. Our analysis supports the role of negative microbe–microbe interactions involving D. pigrum examined experimentally in the lab. By this, we identify and characterize metabolic exchange factors involved in a specific interaction between D. pigrum and S. aureus as an in silico candidate factor for a deep insight into the associated species. This method may serve as a blueprint for developing more complex microbial interaction models. Its direct application suggests new ways to prevent disease-causing infections by inhibiting the growth of pathogens such as S. aureus through microbe–microbe interactions.
Biophysical characterization of the first ultra-cyclist in the world to break the 1,000 km barrier in 24-h non-stop road cycling: A case report
Authors: Knechtle Beat , Forte Pedro , Weiss Katja , Cuk Ivan , Nikolaidis Pantelis T. , Sousa Caio Victor , Andrade Marilia Santos , Thuany Mabliny
Published: October 2022

A plethora of factors determine elite cycling performance. Those include training characteristics, pacing strategy, aerodynamics, nutritional habits, psychological traits, physical fitness level, body mass composition, and contextual features; even the slightest changes in any of these factors can be associated with performance improvement or deterioration. The aim of the present case report is to compare the performances of the same ultra-cyclist in achieving two world records (WR) in 24 h cycling. We have analyzed and compared the distance covered and speed for each WR. The 24 h period was split into four-time intervals (0–6 h; > 6–12 h; > 12–18 h; > 18–24 h), and we compared the differences in the distance covered and speed between the two WRs. For both WRs, a strong negative correlation between distance and speed was confirmed (r = –0.85; r = –0.89, for old and new WR, respectively). Differences in speed (km/h) were shown between the two WRs, with the most significant differences in 12–18 h (Δ = 6.50 km/h). For the covered distance in each block, the most significant differences were observed in the last part of the cycling (Δ = 38.54 km). The cyclist effective surface area (ACd) was 0.25 m2 less and 20% more drag in the new WR. Additionally, the mechanical power was 8%, the power to overcome drag was 31%, and the power-weight ratio was 8% higher in the new WR. The mechanical efficiency of the cyclist was 1% higher in the new WR. Finally, the heart rate (HR) presented significant differences for the first 6 h (Old WR: 145.80 ± 5.88 bpm; New WR: 139.45 ± 5.82 bpm) and between the 12 and 18 h time interval (Old WR: 133.19 ± 3.53 bpm; New WR: 137.63 ± 2.80 bpm). The marginal gains concept can explain the performance improvement in the new WR, given that the athlete made some improvements in technical specifications after the old WR.
Emergent consilience among coeval fishing and farming communities of the middle holocene on the North Peruvian coast
Authors: Dillehay Tom D. , Tham Teresa Rosales , Vázquez Victor , Goodbred Steve , Chamberlain Elizabeth , Rodríguez Gabino
Published: October 2022

Coasts are dynamic, constantly changing ecosystems offering rich and varied foods and other resources. Compared with the monistic structure of crop production in many terrestrial parts of the world, some coastlines reflect a dualistic structure with complementary maritime and agricultural economies beginning in early prehistoric times. In particular, the Pacific coast of the Central Andes offers one of the world’s most abundant and diverse supplies of marine resources. The late Pleistocene to middle Holocene (∼14,500–4,000 BP) cultural sequences from south Ecuador to north Chile vary appreciably from one region to the next, but all reveal varying degrees of mixed diets of maritime and terrestrial foods. By at least ∼7,000 BP, a diversity of seafood and domesticated crops were mutually exchanged to form varied specialized and unspecialized economies in a few Andean areas. This study reports on interdisciplinary data from a complex of archaeological sites with mixed economies along the desert coast of the Chicama Valley in north Peru, specifically the Huaca Prieta area dating between ∼14,500 and 3,800 BP. Around 7,500–7,000 BP, intensified maritime and agriculture economies developed simultaneously with social differentiation between public ritual monuments and outlying domestic support sites in an environment of rich marine resources and fertile estuarine wetlands in the valley. This and other coastal areas played an important and persistent early role in human population growth, community formation, and the consilience of different but complementary technologies and principles of socio-economic organization to establish the foundations for later state development along the Central Andean coast.
Evolution of organic matter quantity and quality in a warm, hypersaline, alkaline lake: The example of the Miocene Nördlinger Ries impact crater, Germany
Authors: Zhao Zibin , Grohmann Sebastian , Zieger Laura , Dai Wanyu , Littke Ralf
Published: October 2022

The Nördlinger Ries (NR) impact crater in southern Germany contains Miocene lacustrine fine-grained post-impact sediments, which were deposited under saline, alkaline, and hydrologically closed aquatic conditions. To obtain information on the organic matter quantity, quality and environmental evolution, samples from one central (NR 1973) and one more marginal (Enkingen SUBO-18) well were analyzed by pyrolytic, organic geochemical and micro-petrographic techniques. Deposits of the marginal drilling can be linked to the thicker stratigraphic units of the well from the lake center based on total organic carbon (TOC), hydrogen index (HI) and lithology. Central deposits contain mainly hydrogen-rich type I kerogen with a mean HI of 447 mg HC/g TOC, whereas the marginal sequence contains type II-III kerogen with an average HI of 206 mg HC/g TOC. In the center, high total sulfur (TS) over TOC ratios of 1.5 on average, and δ13C values of biomarkers in combination with low α-/total MTTC (α-/total methyl-trimethyltridecyl chromans ∼ <0.6) and Pr/Ph ratios <0.2 suggest the prevalence of hypersaline water. Salinity only decreased during deposition of the uppermost Miocene units, when the then shallow alkaline lake turned, at least temporarily, into acidic-neutral conditions during the time of peat deposition. A similar trend, but at overall lower salinities is recorded for the marginal site. Water stratification in the center is stronger than in the marginal domain based on salinity variation. Anoxic bottom water prevailed in the whole lake, as recorded by exceptionally low Pr/Ph ratios (∼<0.2), the occurrence of des-A-lupane and small pyrite framboids (<5 µm) except for the youngest layers of the Miocene lake. Autochthonous, halophilic red algae/plankton prevailed as reflected by abundant C27steranes, while terrestrial material and aerobic bacteria significantly contributed to the OM only in the latest stages of lake as evident from abundant vitrinite/inertinite particles, high values of diterpenes/C27sterane (up to 255) as well as low values of C27-29regular steranes/C29-32hopanes (<0.5). The same trend, but less well resolved, can be seen at the margin of the paleo-lake.
Integrative analysis reveals novel associations between DNA methylation and the serum metabolome of adolescents with type 2 diabetes: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Agarwal Prasoon , Wicklow Brandy A. , Dart Allison B. , Hizon Nikho A. , Sellers Elizabeth A.C. , McGavock Jonathan M. , Talbot Charlotte P. J. , Fonseca Mario A. , Xu Wayne , Davie James R. , Jones Meaghan J. , Acharjee Animesh , Dolinsky Vernon W.
Published: October 2022

Objective

Rates of type 2 diabetes (T2D) among adolescents are on the rise. Epigenetic changes could be associated with the metabolic alterations in adolescents with T2D.

Methods

We performed a cross sectional integrated analysis of DNA methylation data from peripheral blood mononuclear cells with serum metabolomic data from First Nation adolescents with T2D and controls participating in the Improving Renal Complications in Adolescents with type 2 diabetes through Research (iCARE) cohort study, to explore the molecular changes in adolescents with T2D.

Results

Our analysis showed that 43 serum metabolites and 36 differentially methylated regions (DMR) were associated with T2D. Several DMRs were located near the transcriptional start site of genes with established roles in metabolic disease and associated with altered serum metabolites (e.g. glucose, leucine, and gamma-glutamylisoleucine). These included the free fatty acid receptor-1 (FFAR1), upstream transcription factor-2 (USF2), and tumor necrosis factor-related protein-9 (C1QTNF9), among others.

Conclusions

We identified DMRs and metabolites that merit further investigation to determine their significance in controlling gene expression and metabolism which could define T2D risk in adolescents.
Fast iterative method for seismic wave travel time calculation under undulating surface conditions
Authors: Li Meng , Zhang Jian , Sun Hui , Gao Fuliu , Wang Chenglang , Xu Ruoge , Zhao Xiaoyan , Zhou Jun
Published: October 2022

Seismic wave travel time is an important seismic attribute information and is widely used in various seismic forward and inversion methods, including seismic migration imaging, seismic tomography, seismic wave forward modeling and other core seismic data processing methods. The accuracy and efficiency of the travel time algorithm are important for the above methods. In the practical application of seismic exploration, it is often carried out under the condition of undulating surface, which has a significant impact on the travel time calculation. Therefore, it is of great significance to study an efficient and high-precision travel time calculation method that can adapt to undulating surface condition. In this paper, Fast iterative method (FIM) is modified to a topography travel time calculation method. The method employs an iterative method to solve the equation of function to obtain seismic wave travel time by maintaining a narrow band called the active list, and the algorithm can update all grid nodes in the active list at a time. We will verify the travel time computing power of the FIM method through several different velocity models.
Evaluation of WRF-Chem-RTFDDA dust forecasts over the MENA region using in-situ and remote-sensing observations
Authors: Rostkier-Edelstein Dorita , Kunin Pavel , Sheu Rong-Shyang , Gelman Anton , Yunker Amit , Roux Gregory , Pietrkowski Adam , Zhang Yongxin
Published: October 2022

We employed the combined WRF-Chem-RTFDDA model to forecast dust storms in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA). WRF-Chem simulates the emission, transport, mixing, and chemical transformation of trace gases and aerosols simultaneously with the meteorology. RTFDDA continuously assimilates both conventional and nonconventional meteorological observations and provides improved initial conditions for dust analyses and forecasts. WRF-Chem-RTFDDA was run at a horizontal resolution of 9 km using the dust only option without inclusion of anthropogenic aerosols and chemical reactions. The synoptic conditions of the dust events were characterized by a cold front at the low level and an upper-level low-pressure system over the Western Mediterranean. WRF-Chem-RTFDDA was run in continuous assimilation mode, assimilating meteorological observations only, and launching 48-h free forecasts (FF) every 6 h. Two cold starts (CSs) for data assimilation and dust emissions initiation were performed during the study period. NCEP/GFS global analyses and forecasts provided initial and lateral boundary conditions. No global dust model was used for initialization and no dust observations were assimilated. We analyzed the skill of the WRF-Chem-RTFDDA system in reproducing the horizontal and vertical distributions of dust by comparing the FF to Meteosat SEVIRI dust images, MODIS AOD retrievals, CALIPSO extinction coefficients and CAMS aerosols-reanalysis AOD calculations. The skill was analyzed as a function of FF lead time and of the period of time from the CSs. RMSE, bias and correlation between the modeled and CALIPSO measured extinction coefficients were also examined. WRF-Chem-RTFDDA reproduced the main features of the studied dust storms reasonably well. The time distance from the CSs played a more significant role in determining the dust-forecast skill than free-forecast lead time. Since no external dust information was provided to the model, dust emissions and dust spin-up by WRF-Chem played a critical role in dust forecasts. The vertical extent of the CALIPSO extinction coefficients were reasonably well reproduced once model emissions were spun-up. False alarms rates range from 0.03 to 0.26, with many below 0.15, indicating satisfactory performance as a warning system. This study shows the feasibility of dust forecasts using minimal input data over the MENA region.
Dynamic analysis of immune status in patients with intracranial germ cell tumor and establishment of an immune risk prognostic model
Authors: Wang Hairong , Huang He , Lin Xiaoping , Chi Peidong , Chen Hongyu , Chen Jiangen , Mou Yonggao , Chen Zhongping , Yang Qunying , Guo Chengcheng
Published: October 2022

Introduction

Immune status was evaluated by means of lymphocyte subset counts and immune factors in cancer. This study analyzed the peripheral blood immune index and survival outcomes in intracranial germ cell tumor (iGCT) patients.

Methods

Peripheral blood lymphocyte subset counts and levels of interleukin (IL)-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, tumor necrosis factor (TNF), and interferon-γ (IFN) from 133 iGCT patients were collected and retrospectively analyzed. Their clinical information was extracted from the hospital database, and prognosis was confirmed by telephone visit. Patients (n=11) underwent prospective review and their samples of peripheral blood lymphocytes were verified.

Results

A total of 113 (84.2%) patients received comprehensive treatments, including 96 standard therapy (combination of full course chemotherapy and radiology with or without surgery) and 17 comprehensive but non-standard therapy (either without full course chemotherapy or with non-standard radiotherapy) and 98 (73.7%) reached complete or partial response. T lymphocytes (CD3+), cytotoxic T cells (CD3+CD8+ or Tc), and B lymphocytes (CD19+) decreased (p=0.047, p=0.004, and p<0.001, respectively), while activated cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CD8+CD25+) and IFN increased (p<0.001 and p=0.002, respectively) after treatment. Median survival was 45.33 months, and patients with increased Tc cells and activated Tc cells as well as IFN presented encouraging outcomes (p=0.039, p=0.041, and p=0.017 respectively). Regression analysis showed that non-increased Tc cells and non-increased activated Tc cells were independent factors of poor prognosis (p=0.016, HR=3.96, 95%CI=1.288-12.20; p=0.002, HR=4.37 95%CI= 1.738-10.97). Standard chemo-radiotherapy was independently related to reduced risk of death(p=0.022, HR=0.19, 95%CI=0.044-0.79). Consistence was seen in a nomogram established through retro and prospective studies. An immune risk model indicated the activated group (with both increased activated T cells and IFN levels) had the best prognosis, the mildly activated type with elevated IFN levels had intermediate outcome, and patients with the silent immune status had the worst outcomes (Log rank test, p=0.011).

Conclusion

Implementation of standard comprehensive treatments led to positive responses. Dynamic monitoring of peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets can be used as an auxiliary indicator for prognosis judgment.
Identification and verification of the prognostic value of CUL7 in colon adenocarcinoma
Authors: Wang Chengxing , Zhao Zhenyu , Zhang Yuhao , Liang Weijun , Zhou Chaorong , Lin Weixing , He Yu , Wu Meimei , Meng Zijie , Liao Yuehua , Li Min , El Akkawi Mariya , Zhao Jinglin , He Yaoming
Published: October 2022

CUL7, a gene composed of 26 exons associated with cullin 7 protein, is also an E3 ligase that is closely related to cell senescence, apoptosis, and cell transformation and also plays an important role in human cancer. However, there is no systematic pan-cancer analysis has been performed to explore its role in prognosis and immune prediction. In this study, the expression of CUL7 in colon adenocarcinoma (COAD) was investigated to determine its prognosis value. First, based on the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), Genotypic-Tissue Expression Project(GTEx), Cancer Cell Line Encyclopedias(CCLE), and TISIDB database, the potential role of CUL7 in different tumors was explored. Subsequently, the expression of CUL7 in COAD was explored and verified by Immunohistochemistry (IHC). Furthermore, the mutation frequency of CUL7 in COAD was analyzed, and the prognostic value of CUL7 in COAD was discussed. In addition, the nomogram was constructed, and its prognostic value was verified by follow-up data from Jiangmen Central Hospital. Finally, PPI network analysis explored the potential biological function of CUL7 in COAD. The results show that CUL7 is upregulated in most tumors, which is significantly associated with poor survival. At the same time, CUL7 is correlated with the clinical stage and immune landscape of various tumors. In colorectal cancer, CUL7 was overexpressed in tumor tissues by IHC with a mutation frequency of about 4%. CUL7 is an independent prognostic factor for colorectal cancer. The nomogram constructed has effective predictive performance, and external databases proved the prognostic value of CUL7. In addition, PPI network analysis showed that CUL7 was closely related to FBXW8, and further pathway enrichment analysis showed that CUL7 was mainly involved in ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis. Therefore, our study provides a comprehensive understanding of the potential role of CUL7 in different tumors, and CUL7 might be a prognostic marker for COAD.
The insertion/deletion in the DNA-binding region allows the discrimination and subsequent identification of the glucocorticoid receptor 1 (gr1) and gr2 nucleotide sequences in gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata): Standardizing the gr nomenclature for a better understanding of the stress response in teleost fish species
Authors: Vallejos-Vidal Eva , Khansari Ali Reza , Teles Mariana , Reyes-Cerpa Sebastián , Mancera Juan Miguel , Tort Lluis , Reyes-López Felipe E.
Published: October 2022

Cortisol carries out its physiological mechanism of action through the recognition by the mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) and the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) 1 (GR1) and GR2. Previous studies reported that the main difference between gr1 and gr2 nucleotide sequences resides in a 27-nucleotide insertion/deletion in the DNA-binding region, respectively. However, in gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata) the annotation for gr1 and gr2 seems contradictory. The gr2 sequence possesses the characteristic 27-nucleotide insertion that, in fact, is associated with the gr1 nucleotide sequence. Thus, this study aimed to elucidate the nucleotide sequences for the gr1 and gr2 in gilthead sea bream. The Clustal Omega alignment for different fish species corroborated the presence of such 27-nucleotide insertion/deletion in the DNA-binding region for gr1 and gr2, respectively. Then, we design specific primers set for the amplification of the gilthead sea bream gr1 by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Importantly, the gr1 nucleotide partial sequence has a high similarity with other gr1 sequences already published for other fish species, being present in all of them the 27-nucleotide insertion in the DNA-binding region. We also detected that in European sea bass the gr1 and gr2 sequences had not been named according to the 27-nucleotide insertion/deletion criteria in the DNA-binding region. Thus, our study makes an urgent call to the scientific community to discuss the establishment of an updated agreement that allows homogenizing the criteria for the nomenclature defining the gr1 and gr2 nucleotide sequences for a better understanding of the stress response in teleost fish species.
Hydrogels for the treatment of radiation-induced skin and mucosa damages: An up-to-date overview
Authors: Su Yidan , Cui Hengqing , Yang Chao , Li Lu , Xu Fei , Gao Jie , Zhang Wenjun
Published: October 2022

Radiation-induced damages are difficult to heal than normal wounds. This is because radiation therapy could lead to an imbalanced inflammatory response, oxidative stress response, lack of angiogenesis, and a high risk of bacterial infection, which are considered to be the greatest challenges in radiation-induced damages treatment. Hydrogels are semi-occlusive and are composed of complex hydrophilic polymers with a higher water content. Due to their excellent mechanical and biochemical property (such as adhesiveness, antibacterial, and antioxidant abilities), hydrogels represent a promising strategy that has achieved potent therapeutic efficacy in the treatment of radiation-induced skin and mucosa damages. This review systematically and comprehensively summarizes the recent progress of various types of hydrogels such as natural biopolymer, synthetic polymer, composite hydrogels and commodity dressings for the treatment of radiation-induced skin and mucosa damages.
Enhancement on antioxidant, anti-hyperglycemic and antibacterial activities of blackberry anthocyanins by processes optimization involving extraction and purification
Authors: Wu Han , Di Qing-Ru , Zhong Liang , Zhou Jian-Zhong , Shan Cheng-Jun , Liu Xiao-Li , Ma Ai-Min
Published: October 2022

This research aimed to recover anthocyanin-rich extracts from blackberry (Rubus spp. Hull cultivar) by optimizing the processing conditions, and to characterize anthocyanin individuals and determine influences of optimization on enhancement of antioxidant and anti-hyperglycemic activities of anthocyanins as natural supplements. The ethanol concentration of 69.87%, HCl dosage of 0.53%, solid-to-liquid ratio of 1:19.06 at 47.68°C for 17.04 h were optimal to obtain the highest extraction yield of anthocyanins at 0.72 mg/g. By using AB-8 macroporous resins, the anthocyanin concentration of 3.0 mg/mL, ethanol concentration of 90%, and elution rate of 2.0 mL/min were selected to boost the anthocyanin purity up to be 60.11%. Moreover, the purified anthocyanin extracts from blackberry contained nine main pigments which could be divided into three aglycone-based forms, and cyanidin-3-O-glucoside was the most abundant among them. Due to the successive processes of extraction and purification, the blackberry purified anthocyanin extracts (BA-PAE) showed much higher bioactive capacities than the blackberry crude anthocyanin extracts (BA-CAE) and blackberry fruit slurry extracts (BA-FSE), e.g., DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging activities (EC50 = 0.08 and 0.04, 0.32 and 0.24, and 1.31 and 0.41 mg/mL), oxygen radical absorbance capacity (1.60, 0.59, and 0.15 mmol TEAC/g), cytoprotective effects against oxidative stress in PC12 cells (1.69-, 1.58-, and 1.50-fold cell viability compared to oxidative group), α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibitory activities (IC50 = 0.10 and 0.06, 0.56 and 0.32, and 3.98 and 2.16 mg/mL), and antibacterial activity (93.23, 40.85, and 80.42% reduced biofilm).
Machine learning and BP neural network revealed abnormal B cell infiltration predicts the survival of lung cancer patients
Authors: Tu Pinghua , Li Xinjun , Cao Lingli , Zhong Minghua , Xie Zhibin , Wu Zhanling
Published: October 2022

FAM83A gene is related to the invasion and metastasis of various tumors. However, the abnormal immune cell infiltration associated with the gene is poorly understood in the pathogenesis and prognosis of NSCLC. Based on the TCGA and GEO databases, we used COX regression and machine learning algorithms (CIBERSORT, random forest, and back propagation neural network) to study the prognostic value of FAM83A and immune infiltration characteristics in NSCLC. High FAM83A expression was significantly associated with poor prognosis of NSCLC patients (p = 0.00016), and had excellent prognostic independence. At the same time, the expression level of FAM83A is significantly related to the T, N, and Stage. Subsequently, based on machine learing strategies, we found that the infiltration level of naive B cells was negatively correlated with the expression of FAM83A. The low infiltration of naive B cells was significantly related to the poor overall survival rate of NSCLC (p = 0.0072). In addition, Cox regression confirmed that FAM83A and naive B cells are risk factors for the prognosis of NSCLC patients. The nomogram combining FAM83A and naive B cells (C-index = 0.748) has a more accurate prognostic ability than the Stage (C-index = 0.651) system. Our analysis shows that abnormal infiltration of naive B cells associated with FAM83A is a key factor in the prognostic prediction of NSCLC patients.
Clinical application of regional citrate anticoagulation for continuous renal replacement therapy in children with liver injury
Authors: Hu Fang , Sun Yuelin , Bai Ke , Liu Chengjun
Published: October 2022

Background

Regional citrate anticoagulation (RCA) is increasingly used for continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) in children, but it is rarely used in children with liver injury, especially liver failure (LF). We analyze this issue through the following research.

Methods

We retrospectively analyzed 75 children with liver injury who underwent RCA-CRRT in the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU) of Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University. The patients were divided into the LF group and liver dysfunction (LD) group. The two groups were compared to evaluate the clinical safety and efficacy of RCA-CRRT in children with liver injury and to explore RCA-CRRT management strategies, in terms of the following indicators: the incidence of bleeding, clotting, citrate accumulation (CA), acid–base imbalance, and electrolyte disturbance, as well as filter lifespans, changes in biochemical indicators, and CRRT parameters adjustment.

Results

The total incidence of CA (TCA) and persistent CA (PCA) in the LF group were significantly higher than those in the LD group (38.6 vs. 16.2%, p < 0.001; 8.4 vs. 1.5%, p < 0.001); and the CA incidence was significantly reduced after adjustment both in the LF (38.6 vs. 8.4%, p < 0.001) and LD groups (16.2 vs. 1.5%, p < 0.001). The incidence of hypocalcemia was significantly higher in the LF group than in the LD group either before (34.9 vs. 8.8%, p < 0.001) or after treatment (12.0 vs. 0%, p < 0.001). The speed of the blood and citrate pumps after adjustment was lower than the initial setting values in both the LF and LD groups. The dialysis speed plus replacement speed were higher than the initial settings parameters.

Conclusion

For children undergoing RCA-CRRT, the risks of CA and hypocalcemia are significantly higher in children with liver failure than those with liver dysfunction, but through the proper adjustment of the protocol, RCA-CRRT can still be safely and effectively approached for children with LD and even LF.