bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effectiveness of HIV Intervention Package (HIP) on HIV Infected Adolescents: Pilot Study Report
Authors:   Vice-principal/ HOD, Child Health Nursing, Hindu Mission College of Nursing, West Tambaram, Chennai, Tamilnadu affiliated with the Tamilnadu Dr MGR Medical University, Guindy, Chennai, Tamilnadu, India., Sakthivel Rajathi
Published: April 2022

Background: Adolescents are the fulcrum of the population. HIV affects this precious population, which faces many barriers in achieving optimal adherence to Anti Retroviral Therapy (ART) as compared to the children and adults living with HIV. The aim of the study is to evaluate the effectiveness of HIV Intervention Package (HIP) on HIV infected adolescents.Methods: Randomised controlled trial was conducted in the ART Centre, Institute of Child Health and Hospital for Children, Egmore. By simple random technique, 40 (10% from total sample size) samples were selected and divided equally into experimental and control groups. Relevant structured questionnaires were used to collect the data through face-to-face interview methods. The experimental group received HIP including asana demonstration along with routine care and the control group received only the routine care as conventional management. Results: At the end of the 6thmonth after the intervention, data were interpreted in the improvement of HIP components in the experimental and control groups and the results were recorded as follows: adherence rate: 6.4% in the experimental group and 2.2% in the control group, and Quality of life (QOL) 7.2% in the experimental group and 0.4% in the control group; it was significant at 95% Confidence Interval (CI). The other component of nutritional gain score increased by 4.5% in the experimental group and by 0.8% in the control group.Conclusion: Our study report revealed that HIP is more effective in achieving the targets of optimal adherence, increasing nutritional status, and enhancing QOL among HIV infected adolescents.
An Experimental Study to Assess the Effectiveness of Application of Cabbage Leaves on Reduction of Breast Engorgement among Postnatal Mothers in Selected Hospitals of Jabalpur
Authors:   Professor and HOD, Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Jabalpur Institute of Nursing Sciences and Research, Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh, India., Suresh Vinitha
Published: April 2022

Introduction: Amongst the postpartum complications, one of the commonest is breast engorgement. The nurse practitioners’ knowledge of alternative and complementary therapy of dealing with engorgements help in reducing this postpartum morbidity and thereby improving maternal and newborn care.Aim: The study was undertaken to determine the outcome of cabbage leaves’ application in reducing breast engorgement.Method: The study utilised a quasi-experimental research approach with two group pre-test post-test design. The data was collected from selected hospitals of Jabalpur city using purposive sampling technique. The sample comprised 40 postnatal mothers. The tools used for collecting demographic data were an interview along with the analogue pain scale and Hill & Humenic breast engorgement scale. Application of cabbage leaves was done for 20 minutes after breastfeeding for reduction of breast engorgement. Result: The assessment of the breast engorgement scale in this study was done in control and experimental groups. The pre and post interventional scores of the experimental group were compared. Findings related to the comparison of severity of the breast engorgement score with and without application of cabbage leaves in the control and experimental groups by the unpaired t-test showed t = 3.90 at the 0.05 level of significance, which proved that cabbage leaves are beneficial for the reduction of breast engorgement. Conclusion: In order to foster MGD 4 and MGD 5, simple and easily available techniques like cabbage leaves application on breast engorgement should be commonised in practice by nurse administrators and midwifery practitioners so that this major discomfort is relieved.
Reidel’s Thyroiditis: A Case Report and Review of Literature
Authors:   Associate Professor, Department of ENT and Head & Neck Surgery, AIIMS Bhopal, India., Sahoo Anjan Kumar
Published: April 2022

Reidel’s thyroiditis (RT) is a very rare form of chronic thyroiditis associated with fibrosis of the thyroid gland, surrounding cervical tissue and also with other forms of systemic fibrosis. It has a very complex presentation including both local and various systemic and biochemical alterations, but because of its rare occurrence, it is very difficult to suspect and diagnose it. It should be evaluated in every patient with hard thyroid mass having compressive symptoms. High dose steroids followed by tamoxifen should be started early to prevent the ongoing fibrotic process. Here there was a case of Reidel’s thyroiditis in a 45 years old male patient who presented with a left-sided cervical mass with features of dysphagia and difficulty in breathing. This case highlights the difficulty in histological diagnosis and subsequent avoidance of aggressive surgery in this rare type of disease.
Burden of Musculoskeletal Disorders in Adults of Rural Areas of Delhi: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors:   Senior Resident, ESIC Medical College and Hospital Alwar, Rajasthan, India., Kumar Ashok
Published: April 2022

Background: Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) are disabling chronic conditions prevalent worldwide. However, there is paucity of literature of such disorders from India.Objective: To study the epidemiology of Musculoskeletal disorders in adult population of rural areas of Delhi.Materials and Methods: The study was a descriptive, cross sectional, community-based study and conducted in a rural area of Delhi. Modified Nordic musculoskeletal questionnaire (NMQ-E) was used to determine the prevalence of MSDs. Data were summarized using frequencies, proportions and appropriate statistical tests were applied for significance. Binary logistic regression was used.Results: The lifetime prevalence of MSDs in the present study was found to be 57% (114) of the study participants, 53% (106) participants had history of MSDs in the past 12 months, 48% (96) participants had history of MSDs in the past 4 weeks while 35% (70) participants had history of MSDs at the time of interview. Lower backache was the most common complaints (54.2%). MSDs were found to be more associated with female gender, increasing age, being overweight or obese, and having a history of trauma.Conclusion:One in three adults was suffering from MSDs in rural Delhi and more so in females and elderly.
Clinical Study on the Effect of Swarnamritaprashana (Modified Swarna Prashana) on Immunity (IgG) in Children of 3 to 5 years
Authors:   Assisstant Professor, Department of Kaumarabhritya, Govt. Ayurvedic Medical College, Akhnoor, Jammu & Kashmir., Sharma Sudheer
Published: April 2022

Background: Owing to reduced immunity, more children are becoming prone to various recurrent infections especially upper respiratory tract infections, lower respiratory tract infections and gastro intestinal tract infections.Swarnamritaprashana has been practiced for many years in many institutions throughout India, and it has been proved that regular administration of Swarnamritaprashana improves immunity. That is the reason this study was taken to evaluate the effect of Swarnamritaprashana on immunity [IgG] in children of 3 to 5 years. Materials and Methods: 60 Children, fulfilling the inclusion criteria and willingly participating under the parental assent between the age group 3 and 5 years, were recruited and were allocated into two groups (Study Group, Control Group), each consisting of 30 children in which study group children were recruited from Swarnamritaprashana Program on every Pushyanakshatra day at Shree Dharmasthala Manjunatheshwara College of Ayurveda, Hassan, and control group children were recruited from different Anganwadis of Hassan. The 30 children in the study group were administered with Swarnamritaprashana for continuous nine Pushayanakshatra day while another 30 children in control group were not given any medication. Routine blood investigations were done in order to rule out the secondary conditions and IgG levels were also accessed for immunity before and after intervention. General health was also accessed on the basis of recurrent infection episodes.Results: Positive results were seen in the study group while number of recurrent episodes of infection showed a decreasing trend while control group showed an increasing trend. Accelerated growth (anthropometry) was more seen in study group than in control group. Levels of IgG were also seen in near normal range after nine months in study group. Conclusion: Swarnamritaprashana helps in modulating the immunity
A Study on Level of Satisfaction among Beneficiaries under Pradhan Mantri Surakshit Matritva Abhiyan (PMSMA) in Government Health Facilities of District Etawah, Uttar Pradesh: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors:   Post Graduate Junior Resident, Department of Community Medicine, Uttar Pradesh University of Medical Sciences, Saifai, Etawah, Uttar Pradesh, India, Prajapat Ajay Kumar
Published: April 2022

Background: In India, many pregnant women don’t give importance to early antenatal care leading to undetected High-Risk Pregnancies (HRP). All pregnant women need to access quality antenatal care services to detect and prevent life-threatening complications during childbirth. The Pradhan Mantri Surakshit Matritva Abhiyan (PMSMA) was launched by the Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, Govt. of India on 9th June 2016.Objective: To determine the level of satisfaction among beneficiaries under PMSMA scheme.Methods: A cross-sectional study was done among 400 pregnant women who were delivered within 1 year from the date of the study and who had registered & availed the Ante-Natal Care (ANC) services under Government health facilities in district Etawah, Uttar Pradesh. The data thus collected were entered into Microsoft-Excel spreadsheet and was analyzed using IBM SPSS software Version 24.0Results: Out of 400 beneficiaries, 195(48.75%) were satisfied with the cleanliness of wards & toilets followed by 234(58.50%) with drinking water quality, 374(93.50%) with basic laboratory investigation, 341(85.25%) with transport facilities during discharge. The majority of study participants were in the age group of 20-30 years i.e. 375 (93.75%) and most of them got married between 15-20 years of age i.e. 285(71.25%)Conclusions: If every pregnant woman in India is examined by a Medical Officer/Specialist and Investigated appropriately at least once during the PMSMA, the Abhiyan can play a crucial role in reducing the number of maternal deaths & High-Risk Pregnancy (HRP) in our country.
Factors Influencing the Family Planning Practices in Young Married Women (15-24 years) Living in Rural Area of District Etawah Uttar Pradesh: A Cross Sectional Study
Authors:   PGJR, Department of Community Medicine, UPUMS, Saifai, Etawah, Uttar Pradesh., Bharti Rakesh Kumar
Published: April 2022

Background: Among the young married women in the age group 15-24 years the contraceptive prevalence rate (CPR) is only 27.7% which is quite low than the target CPR of 60%. This study was undertaken to explore the prevalence, factors, causes of non-use of contraceptive among young married women living in rural area of district Etawah.Material and Methods: A cross sectional study was carried out in the rural area of district Etawah in randomly selected three villages. In each selected village, we moved in one direction to identify married women aged 15-24 years. We explained the study and purpose of our visit, and sought willingness of the eligible women to participate in the study. All the households were visited until at least 32 young married women (15-24 years) were interviewed using a pre-tested questionnaire to obtain the desired sample size of 96. The data was analysed using SPSS 24.0.Results: Current use of contraceptives was found to be 33.8 % and almost two-thirds (66.2%) of the participants weren’t using any sort of contraception. The important reasons for non-use of contraception were lack of knowledge/ hesitancy/ shyness/ embarrassment regarding birth control about the contraception or place of availability of services, opposition to contraceptive use by husband, relations and women’s desire to urge pregnant. About one third of the ladies had no perceived need for any contraception.Conclusions: The findings showed that motivation of women to adopt family planning method through counselling along with provision of youth friendly services are needed to be address to achieve improvement in contraceptive use among these young married women living in rural area.
Aggression and Juvenile Delinquents
Authors:   Research Scholar, Psychology, Government Arts College, Coimbatore, India., N Menaka
Published: April 2022

Objective: The objective of the study is to find out the effectiveness of eclectic counseling in reducing the aggression level of juvenile delinquents. Method: Aggression scale, developed by Buss and Perry and Biographic datasheet was used for the study. The participants of the study were thirty seven institutionalized juveniles from Tamil Nadu, India. After collecting the demographic details, aggression questionnaire was administered. The responses were scored and tabulated. Eclectic counselling was provided as intervention for a span of three months. Again the data was collected using the same questionnaire. The post-test results were discussed and conclusions were drawn by comparing with pre-test data.Results: The initial results showed that the subjects had a high level of physical aggression, verbal aggression, anger, hostility and overall aggression. The intervention for aggression mainly included relaxation training, self monitoring, reinforcements and group counselling. After three months of intervention, the participants were again assessed and there was a significant reduction in the aggression level of the participants with a t value of 14.774. After intervention, it was found that the level of aggression and its dimensions reduced from high to low except for verbal aggression which fell from high to average.Conclusion: Eclectic counselling helps in the reduction of aggression and the four dimensions of aggression, physical aggression, verbal aggression, anger and hostility, of the juvenile delinquents.
Remittances and Household Investment Decisions: Evidence from sub-Saharan Africa
Authors: Hossain Md Shahadath , Sunmoni Adesola
Published: April 2022

The impact of remittances on households left behind by migration is ambiguous a priori due to competing income and substitution effects. We offer new evidence on the effect of remittances on household investment decisions. We enrich our analysis using microdata from five sub-Saharan African countries, different investment alternatives, and different remittance sources. We use a recursive bivariate probit model and imperfect instrumental variable approaches to account for endogeneity concerns. We find that remittances increase the likelihood of human, physical, and social capital investment in most of our sample countries. We also find that remittance sources have a notable influence on household investment decisions. Finally, we explore three potential mechanisms: income effect, substitution effect, and migration expectations. We find that the income effect of remittances mainly drives the positive effect on capital investment. However, we also find evidence of substitution effect by left-behind household members and migration expectations in some countries. We contribute to the ongoing debate on the effect of remittances on capital investments, and our results shed light on the heterogeneous effect of remittance in the literature.
Unemployment transitions and the role of minimum wage: From pre-crisis to crisis and recovery
Authors: Andriopoulou Eirini , Karakitsios Alexandros
Published: April 2022

During the last decade, unemployment in Greece climbed up to 28%, almost quadrupling due to the economic crisis that hit Greece. In the present paper, we examine the determinants of the unemployment dynamics and the impact of the minimum wage on the probability of making a transition into and out of unemployment. We use micro-level data from the Greek Labour Force Survey (LFS) of the period 2004 to 2019 and control for several demographic factors, macro-economic conditions, regional differences, and changes in the statutory minimum wage. The results suggest that individual-level characteristics play an important role in making a transition into or out of unemployment. Changes in the real minimum wage are estimated to have either a statistically insignificant or a very small impact on unemployment entries and exits. Further, the impact of economy's growth rate follows the theoretical predictions as higher growth rates increase unemployment outflows and decrease inflows, while the regional differences are also important. Our findings persist even when we split the sample in three periods (pre-crisis, crisis, recovery). The results have important policy implications. Given that the disemployment effect of the minimum wage seems to be very limited in the Greek labor market, while the socioeconomic characteristics and regional characteristics play an important role, improving the skills of individuals through the educational system and reskilling or up-skilling programs while targeting specific regions may facilitate labor market mobility.
Impact of the diffusion coefficient calculation on predicting Fe2B boride layer thickness
Authors: El Guerri Y. , Mebarek B. , Keddam M.
Published: April 2022

In this study, a single-phase boride layer thickness Fe2B is predicted on two different substrates (Armco iron and XC38 steel) by following the integral method. This method is a mathematical model based on a system of differential algebraic equations that help to deduce the diffusion coefficient, which is the key factor on predicting the layer thickness. Literatures cover different diffusion coefficients for each substrate, albeit researchers usually extract from experimental data, variations of growth rate constants within only one time treatment and deduce the diffusion coefficient from them. This deduction is done via an estimation of a frequency factor and an activation energy from the growth rate constants. Therefore, our main aim is to illustrate the impact of the deduction of the diffusion coefficient on predicting the boride layer thickness. Lastly, the impact with and without incubation time on the boriding kinetics of both substrates was also examined.
MANDIEK ANAK AS PERFORMANCE AT SALAREH AIA
Authors: Sathotho Surya Farid
Published: April 2022

Mandiek anak is rituals as part of baralek gadang. Although baralek gadang is a marriage ritual known in the West Sumatra region or Minangkabau, but mandiek anak is only known in the Nagari Salareh Aia region. This ritual aims to show society the social status of the organizer of the mandiek anak. Theatre anthropology shows how mandiek anak can be seen as a performance. In this approach, mandiek anak is treated as a performance that can be analyzed the forming elements. The method used to conduct research is purposive sampling. The resulting description is analytical to the phenomenon found. With a comprehensive description, it can be seen that the elements of mandiek anak as a performance can be identified. The performance elements in scripts, players, audiences and places look real. Mandiek anak scripts are all rules that ensure the passage of mandiek anak in an orderly and smooth manner. Players and spectators have intense interactions and a real-looking performance venue. The results of this study expect to show how mandiek anak as performance has a particular form that makes it can be passed down to the supporting community. Keywords: mandiek anak, teater antropology, performance
The study of the anatomical structure of Cercis siliquastrum L. leaves
Authors: Demeshko O. V. , Batiuchenko I. I. , Kovalev S. V. , Krivoruchko O. V. , Romanova S. V.
Published: April 2022

Aim. To study the anatomical structure of Cercis siliquastrum L. leaves.
Materials and methods. The study objects were leaves of Judas tree collected in the Botanical garden of the National University of Pharmacy in June, 2021. Micropreparations were made of fresh, dried material and fixed with a mixture of 96 % ethanol, water and glycerin (1 : 1: 1). Micropreparations were prepared and examined according to the methodsof the SPhU using a Granum microscope (Austria). A Canon PC1251 camera was used for photographing.
Results and discussion. The type of the leaf blade is dorsoventral, hypostomatic, there are cells with the orange content. There are numerous stomata of anocytic (sometimes anisocytic) type. Simple multicellular hairs with a weakly warty cuticle were found on the lower and upper epidermis. A 2-3-layered collenchymatous parenchyma is located above the central vein. The bundle sheath is crystalliferous. On the xylem side, 5-6 layers of the sclerenchyma are observed. The petiole has an oval shape, slightly ribbed near the leaf blade. In the middle of the petiole there are three bundles: two radial on the sides and one central with two additional bundles. All bundles are surrounded by a common sclerenchymal ring. There are cells with the orange content in the parenchyma. On the abaxial side there is a layer of cells with calcium oxalate drusens under the sclerenchyma. The petiole is rounded, slightly ribbed. The bundle has a crescent shape in the center. The xylem rays are with the brown content. The sclerenchyma is well developed. There are drusens in the parenchyma of the petiole.
Conclusions. The main anatomical features of Judas tree leaves have been determined; it will allow identifying and standardizing the plant raw material. The data obtained are necessary for the development of Drug Quality Control Methods (DQCM) for the medicinal raw material.
The analysis of the legislative framework regarding pharmaceutical provision of orphan patients in Ukraine
Authors: Podgaina M. V. , Sliptsova N. A.
Published: April 2022

A rare (orphan) disease is a disease that threatens a person’s life or chronically progresses; it leads to a reduction in life expectancy or disability, which prevalence among the population is not more than 1 : 2000 in Ukraine and not more than 1 : 5000-8000 in other countries.
Aim. To analyze the current legal framework on pharmaceutical provision of orphan patients in Ukraine.
Materials and methods. The current regulatory framework on pharmaceutical provision of orphan patients in Ukraine was analyzed by constructing and studying the hierarchy of legislative acts regulating the issues of management of orphan (rare) diseases in the world and in Ukraine.
Results and discussion. The article describes the main stages of the legislation formation, starting from the USA in 1983 to the EU and Ukraine in 2021. The practical value of the article consists in the current list of normative acts regulating the provision of patients with orphan diseases. The scientific significance is in the use of the results of previous studies of others domestic researchers (2016). The analysis of the legislation and the main issues of providing orphan patients allowed us to formulate the basic problems of the national healthcare system listed in the article.
Conclusions. The current state of the legal regulation of orphan patients in Ukraine has been studied. It has been found that the legislative regulation of the issue under study has been actively carried out over the past 7 years by implementing the adopted Law of Ukraine, resolutions of the Cabinet of Ministers and orders of the Ministry ofHealth. The results of the study of international experience in introducing the basic concepts of orphan diseases and orphan patients into the healthcare system in the United States (since 1983), EU countries (since 1999), Japan (since 1993), etc., have been summarized. It has been found that 275 nosologies of orphan diseases have been approved in Ukraine; they are grouped by 11 nosological categories, there are 104 nosologies (+40 %) more than in 2016. A positive trend towards intensification of the process of improving the provision of orphan patients in Ukraine has been revealed.
Development the composition and technology for obtaining a dietary supplement “Cachinol” with the antioxidant activity in the form of granules used in the polycystic ovary syndrome
Authors: Maslov O. Yu. , Kolisnyk S. V. , Komisarenko M. A. , Kostina T. A. , Dynnyk K. V.
Published: April 2022

Aim. To develop the composition and technology for obtaining a dietary supplement “Cachinol” with the antioxidant activity in the form of granules used in the polycystic ovary syndrome.
Materials and methods. To achieve the goal, physical, physicochemical, pharmacotechnological and statistical research methods, as well as generally accepted research methods of the State Pharmacopoeia of Ukraine (SPhU) 2.0 were used in the work.
Results and discussion. The rational dosage form is granules. The green tea leaf extract and myo-inositol were chosen as the active pharmaceutical ingredients of granules. For 3 batches of granules, the following parameters were determined: the fractional composition ranging from 13.2 to 17.9 % for 3-2 mm, from 45.3 to 56.2 % for 2-1 mm, from 20.1 to 26.1 % for 1-0.5 mm, from 8.1-12.4 for 0.5-0.25 mm, from 2.95-4.6 % for < 0.25 mm; the moisture content of granules ranging from 2.80-3.10 %; the bulk density – from 0.49 to 0.52 g/cm3, the tapped density – from 0.54 to 0.58 g/cm3; the flowability was in the range of 8.00-8.25 g/s; the angle of repose – from 30 to 33°; disintegration – from 41 to 45 s.
Conclusions. The flowchart for obtaining granules in industrial conditions has been developed. The technological process for obtaining granules consists of 8 technological stages. The studies of the technological parameters of granules have been performed in accordance with the requirements of the SPhU 2.0. It has been found that the granules developed meet the requirements of the SPhU 2.0 and can be recommended for further research.
Development of conditions for Pyrazidol identification in the urine in the presence of its biotransformation products by thin layer chromatography and mass spectrometry
Authors: Baiurka S. V. , Karpushyna S. A.
Published: April 2022

For the analytical diagnosis of drug poisoning, it is important to develop conditions for the detection of both native compounds and products of their biotransformation in biological samples.
Aim. To develop a method for isolating the antidepressant drug Pyrazidol from the human urine in the presence of its biotransformation products and determine the conditions that are suitable for analytical diagnostics of thymoleptic intoxication for their detection by thin layer chromatography.
Materials and methods. The study was conducted with the human urine samples collected after taking a single therapeutic dose of Pyrazidol. The urine was subjected to the acid hydrolysis, and the antidepressant and its metabolites were extracted from the hydrolysate with chloroform from an alkaline medium at pH 8-9. Concomitant endogenous admixtures were removed by extraction with diethyl ether from an acidic medium at pH 1. For the chromatographic study of the extracts, four mobile phases recommended by the International Association of Forensic Toxicologists for TLC screening of drugs, and Merck chromatographic plates were used. Color reactions were performed on pieces of chromatographic plates with a number of chromogenic reagents most commonly used in chemico-toxicological analysis. Metabolites were identified by electron impact mass spectrometry.
Results and discussion. The native substance and dehydropyrazidol were detected in the urine hydrolysates by TLC, their chromatographic mobility parameters in four TLC screening systems, as well as the results of their color reactions with the chromogenic reagents were determined.
Conclusions. Conditions for isolating Pyrazidol and its biotransformation product from the urine have been proposed. The method for detecting the native compound and dehydropyrazidol in the urine extracts by TLC and mass spectrometry after taking a single therapeutic dose of the drug has been developed. The method is recommended for use in the practice of forensic and clinical toxicology.
Determination of the optimal concentration of the thyme essential oil in a cosmetic cream for the treatment of skin diseases
Authors: Puchkan L. O. , Fukleva L. A. , Romanina D. M.
Published: April 2022

Aim. To determine the optimal concentration of the thyme essential oil in the cream for the treatment of scalp diseases as part of the first stage of the development of the composition of this remedy.
Materials and methods. The study object was model ointment compositions on the vaseline-lanolin base with different concentrations of the thyme essential oil. The antimicrobial and antifungal activities of the essential oil components were determined in the microbiological studies using agar diffusion. The reliability of the effect of the concentration of the thyme essential oil on the microbiological activity was determined by the method of mathematical planning of the experiment with a repeated number of tests.
Results and discussion. Using Duncan’s multiple rank test, the ointment compositions with different content of the thyme essential oil (0,5 %, 1 %, 2 %, 3 %, 5 %, 7 %, 10 %) made on a vaseline-lanolin base (7 : 3) were ranked by the effect of the concentration of the thyme essential oil on the microbiological activity. According to the results obtained, the best indicators of the microbiological activity were observed in the samples containing 10 %, 7 % and 5 % thyme essential oil, and they had practically the same activity of their concentrations. In order to save the thyme essential oil, it was decided to focus on its minimum concentration (5 %), which provided the maximum antibacterial effect.
Conclusions. The results of the studies allowed us to state the reliable effect of the concentration of the thyme essential oil on the microbiological activity of the ointment. The optimal concentration of the thyme essential oil, which is 5 %, has been determined. It will be used in the future to develop the optimal composition of a cosmetic cream.
The study of the effectiveness of the antibacterial action of the combination of a bacteriophage with a probiotic
Authors: Rybalkin M. V. , Khokhlenkova N. V. , Nikiforova К. Yе.
Published: April 2022

Intestinal infections occupy one of the leading places in diseases of the gastrointestinal tract in humans and animals. Strains of Staphylococcus spp are one of the causative agents of an intestinal infection. When treating an intestinal infection caused by staphylococcus, antibiotics are most often used, but in recent years there has been the formation of resistance in staphylococcus strains to antibiotics that have been used for many years. One of the promising ways to solve the problem of antimicrobial resistance is the use of drugs based on bacteriophages, which have a specific effect on the disease pathogens, however, they are free of toxic and allergenic side effects on the human body and do not cause resistance.
Aim. To study the antibacterial effect of the combination of a staphylococcal bacteriophage and a probiotic based on L. acidophilus lactobacilli to different staphylococcal strains.
Materials and methods. The following bacterial strains were used in the study: St. aureus ATCC 25923 and St. epidermidis ATCC 12228. The “Polyphag Staf” staphylococcal bacteriophage (manufactured by NVK MVK, Ukraine) and the “Lactofor” probiotic (manufactured by Ananta Medicare Limited, India) based on L. acidophilus lactobacilli were selected as objects. In the study, the antibiotic “Erythromycin” in tablets of 100 mg (the manufacturer – Borschagovsky HFZ, Ukraine) was used as a reference drug. To detect the antibacterial activity to the experimental strains of St. aureus and St. epidermidis, the methods of Appelman and agar diffusion were used.
Results and discussion. It was found that when using the combination of a staphylococcal bacteriophage and a probiotic with L. acidophilus lactobacilli the level of the antibacterial activity to the experimental strains of St. aureus and St. epidermidis was higher than when using only the bacteriophage. This is probably due to the synergism of the interaction of the components of the combination of active substances proposed. It was also found that the antibacterial activity of the combination of drugs and the antibiotic erythromycin proposed was at the same level. Thus, the combination of a bacteriophage that destroys staphylococcal bacteria, has no side effects, and does not cause resistance and a probiotics that improves the microflora of the gastrointestinal tract has a number of advantages over antibioticsin the treatment of intestinal infections caused by staphylococcal strains.
Conclusions. The studies conducted indicate the prospects of using the combination of a staphylococcal bacteriophage and a probiotic based on L. acidophilus lactobacilli for the treatment of intestinal infections caused by different staphylococcal strains.
Technological aspects of the “Probioskin” emulgel development
Authors: Soloviova A. V. , Kaliuzhnaia O. S.
Published: April 2022

Aim. To develop a rational technology of a new semisolid preparation for skin application with a probiotic component in the form of an emulgel under the conditional name “Probioskin”.
Materials and methods. When developing the technology the study objects were emulgel samples with selected substances – a lyophilized biomass of lactobacilli, dexpanthenol, lactic acid, and excipients – Aristoflex AVC gelling agent, propylene glycol, polysorbate-80, tocopherol, peach oil. To control the quality of the samples, the requirements of the monograph of the SPhU 2.4 on dosage forms “Semi-solid preparations for dermal use” and the general monograph of the SPhU 2.5 “Viable biotherapeutic drugs for human use” were observed.
Results and discussion. The process of production of the “Probioskin” drug developed is carried out in the premises of purity class C according to the standard flowchart: the stage of auxiliary works, the stage of the main technological process, the stage of packaging, labeling and shipment of the finished product. The sequence of the technological stages in accordance with the technology of production of a semisolid preparation for skin application – the “Probioskin” emulgel consists of 8 stages: preparation of the raw material, preparation of an oil concentrate of a probiotic component, preparation of an aqueous concentrate of active substances, preparation of a gel base, preparation of an emulsion, packaging of tubes in packs, packaging of packs in group container. The specification for the “Probioskin” drug includes the following sections: “Description”, “Identification”, “pH”, “Uniformity”, “Mass of packaging contents”, “Microbiologicalpurity”, “Assay”. The results of control of the finished product meet the requirements of the MQC.
Conclusions. Based on the complex of physicochemical, microbiological, biopharmaceutical, technological, rheological studies, a rational technology of a semisolid preparation for skin application under the conditional name “Probioskin”in the form of an emulgel has been developed. The indicators of quality, permissible norms, methods of control and critical parameters of production of the product developed have been determined.
Literature review: companion law - its importance and non-compliance
Authors: Fernandes Cristiane
Published: April 2022

OBJECTIVE: In Brazil, in 2005, Federal Law No. 11.108 was promulgated, which establishes that health services are obliged to allow the pregnant woman the right to accompany her during the whole period of labor, delivery, and postpartum. This work aims to evaluate, through a literature review, the importance of Law No. 11.108/2005 and whether this has been adequately fulfilled. METHODS: Of the 27 results, 4 studies were selected to compose this review. Were searched the databases PubMed and SciELO, to locate studies addressing reports on the compliance and importance of Law No. 11.108/05 in Brazilian hospitals. RESULTS: The Federal Law that guarantees women the right to be accompanied by someone of their choice in the public health network is often disregarded, causing the woman and the baby do not enjoy the numerous benefits of follow-up throughout period. This non-compliance occurs mainly due to the lack of knowledge of mother about her rights and the authoritarianism of public institutions and their collaborators that do not allow the mother to have her rights fulfilled. CONCLUSION: It is of the utmost importance that leaders of public maternity hospitals are attentive to this disallowance to change this scenario.
Pfeiffer's syndrome type 2: report of a case
Authors: Balseiro Lais , Buosi Ingrid , Carvalho Haroldo , Suetugo Mauro , Baraldi Luis
Published: April 2022

OBJECTIVE: Report a rare case of Pfeiffer’s syndrome type 2 in a male newborn. CASE REPORT: Newborn male, preterm term of 33 weeks and 2 days, serial ultrasound suggesting presence of craniosynostosis and other abnormalities such as irregular and narrow vertebrae, pachygium, and ventriculomegaly in the second trimester, being confirmed later with magnetic resonance imaging. There was no need for obstetrical medications and maneuvers for the birth. Apgar score 4, heart rate less than 100bpm, precarious respiratory evolution, orotracheal intubation, umbilical venous catheterization and orogastric tube were required. With 2 hours of life presented bradycardia along with hemodynamic instability evolved to a cardiorespiratory arrest with no success in cardiopulmonary resuscitation. He passed away 3 hours after birth. COMMENTS: Pfeiffer’s syndrome is rare, being type 2 the most lethal because it has a clover-shaped skull. It is associated with the genetic mutations in fibroblast growth receptors FGFR1, FGFR2, and FGFR3. Premature fusion of the cranial sutures prevents normal skull growth by interfering with the shape of the face and head. The prognosis is associated with the severity of the anomalies and the early diagnosis through the gestational and family history, through detailed physical examinations and images (three-dimensional ultrasonography and MRI). The patient should have multidisciplinary treatment at birth.
The impact of the experience of Sexual Violence on female sexual dysfunction
Authors:   Department of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Allameh Tabataba’i University, Tehran, Iran, Naderi Somayeh
Published: April 2022

Purpose Sexual violence is among the most violent crimes that may occur against individuals. Such crimes have long-term effects on victims and usually cause physical and psychological harm. Accordingly, in the present study, the predictive role of Sexual Violence on Women’s sexual dysfunctions was investigated. Methodology In a descriptive-analytic study through simple random sampling, 140 women were selected. The research instrument was the Female Sexual Dysfunctional Detection Inventory (FSDDI). SPSS-19 software was used to analyze the data. Findings The results showed that women with sexual violence history had higher mean scores. Moreover, sexual pain disorder and sexual dissatisfaction were predicted by the variable sexual violence history (P ˂ 0.001). So, the history of sexual violence in women could lead to sexual dysfunctions in the future and affect the lack of sexual satisfaction.
Yeşil Tahvil ve Pay Piyasası Arasındaki İlişkinin Zaman Serisi Analizleri ile Araştırılması
Authors: NUR Tuğba , EGE İlhan
Published: April 2022

Çalışmada 2010-2020 döneminde S&P500 ve S&P Yeşil Tahvil Endeksleri arasındaki kısa ve uzun dönemli ilişkinin araştırılması amaçlanmıştır. Bu kapsamda ilk olarak endekslere ilişkin volatilite tahminlemesi gerçekleştirilmiş olup, endekslerde farklı tarihlerde volatilite kümelenmesi olduğu gözlemlenmiş ve endeksler arasında volatilite yayılımının olmadığı tespit edilmiştir. Ardından endeksler arasındaki eşbütünleşme ve nedensellik ilişkisi araştırılmış olup, endeksler arasında uzun dönemli eşbütünleşme ilişkisi ve S&P500 Endeksi’nden S&P Yeşil Tahvil Endeksi’ne doğru tek yönlü Granger nedensellik ilişkisinin olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Etki-tepki analiz sonuçlarına göre ise S&P500’de meydana gelen bir şokun S&P Yeşil Tahvil endeksinde negatif yönlü kalıcı bir etki yarattığı sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.
Futbol Kulüplerinin Faaliyet, Finansal Ve Toplam Kaldıraç Derecelerinin Analizi: Avrupa Örneği
Authors: BEYAZGÜL Mehmet , KARADENİZ Erdinç , İSKENDEROĞLU Ömer
Published: April 2022

Bu araştırmanın amacı, Avrupa’daki futbol kulüplerinin faaliyet, finansal ve toplam risk düzeylerini tespit etmektir. Ayrıca Covid-19 salgınının futbol kulüplerinin faaliyet, finansal ve toplam risk düzeylerine etkisi de incelenmiştir. Bu bağlamda Avrupa Futbol Federasyonları Birliği’ne bağlı 8 ulusal ligde yer alan 25 futbol kulübünün 2018-2020 yılları arasındaki faaliyet, finansal ve toplam kaldıraç dereceleri kaldıraç analiziyle hesaplanmıştır. Analiz neticesinde futbol kulüplerinin faaliyet kaldıraç derecelerinin finansal kaldıraç derecelerinden daha yüksek olduğu ve daha fazla dalgalanma gösterdiği saptanmıştır. Dolayısıyla futbol kulüplerinde toplam riskin çok önemli bir kısmının faaliyet riskinden meydana geldiği belirlenmiştir. Yine futbol kulüplerinde faaliyet kaldıracı ile toplam kaldıraç arasında yüksek bir pozitif korelasyon tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca faaliyet, finansal ve toplam kaldıraç derecelerinin Covid-19 salgınının yoğun olarak yaşandığı 2020 yılında, önceki yıllara göre yükseldiği belirlenmiştir. Araştırmada son olarak gerçekleştirilen Wilcoxon işaretli sıra testi sonucunda faaliyet ve toplam kaldıraç dereceleri açısından salgın öncesi ve sonrası dönem bağlamında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir farklılık saptanmıştır.
The Effect of Corporate Governance on Firm Dividend Policy: Evidence from Ghana
Authors: YAKUBU Ibrahim Nandom , KAPUSUZOĞLU Ayhan , CEYLAN Nildağ Başak
Published: April 2022

The purpose of this research is to reveal at the influence of board independence on dividend policy of firms listed on the Ghana Stock Exchange. We employ a panel dataset covering the period 2008-2018 and apply the generalized method of moments technique. The results reveal that dividend per share is positively and significantly driven by board independence. We also find that larger audit committees are more likely to result in higher dividend payouts. On the other hand, frequent board meetings and remuneration committees reduce dividend payments. We further document that firm age has a significant positive impact on dividend payment. The findings suggest that increasing the proportion of non-executive directors will help preserve shareholders' interest by allowing for higher dividend payments.
Pengaplikasian Teknik Stensil dengan Motif Pucuk Rebung pada Inovasi Busana Etnik Riau
Authors: Salsabilla Siti Marizqy , Prihatin Pipin Tresna
Published: April 2022

Teknik stensil adalah salah satu teknik cetak dalam seni grafis yang merupakan teknik reka latar tertua. Teknik ini menggunakan media stensil yang berguna sebagai cetak halang pada media cetak yang akan dicat. Cara kerja yang mudah dengan menggunakan media yang dapat dijumpai dimana saja ini menginspirasi untuk diaplikasikan pada inovasi busana etnik. Indonesia yang memiliki berbagai suku bangsa kaya akan budaya, serta motif tekstil yang memiliki ciri khasnya masing-masing. Daerah Riau memiliki motif tekstil pucuk rebung yang terkenal akan perpaduan budaya Islam dan Melayu. Pucuk rebung memiliki makna dan filosofis yang dapat dituangkan dalam inovasi busana etnik, salah satunya dengan cara mengaplikasikannya menggunakan teknik stensil. Tujuan dari penyusunan artikel ilmiah kajian komprehensif ini yakni mengaplikasikan ilmu pengetahuan yang di peroleh dari perkuliahan mata kuliah Busana Etnik dan Desain Ragam Hias, memperkenalkan teknik stensil sebagai teknik hias pada kain, dan mengembangkan kreativitas mahasiswa serta meningkatkan kualitas, daya saing produk, nilai tambah pada produk inovasi busana etnik dalam melestarikan budaya daerah Riau dengan menggunakan metode Project Based-Learning yang dapat melahirkan pengetahuan yang bersifat permanen karena menyediakan pembelajaran dalam situasi yang nyata.
Esensi dan Eksistensi Ruang Pertunjukan Ritual Benjang Dengan Konsep Rasa Sahrdaya
Authors: Salayanti Santi , . Sarwanto
Published: April 2022

Ritual pertunjukan Benjang merupakan jenis pertunjukan tradisional yang lahir dari upacara budaya yang masih bertahan dan dilaksanakan hingga saat ini, khususnya oleh generasi muda. Melalui pola pikir fungsional dan gaya hidup anak muda Bandung saat ini, Ritual Benjang hadir melalui ciri khas dalam pengalaman keindahan ritual berkualitas dan diyakini dapat mencapai tujuan hidup masyarakat Ujung Berung Bandung. Pertunjukkan tersebut merupakan simbol eksistensi bahwa Benjang adalah media untuk mendekatkan diri kepada Tuhan dan sebagai kegiatan olahraga yang mendukung sportivitas. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan proses pengamatan dan persepsi berdasarkan fenomena.

Konsep Sahrdaya Rasa menjadi fondasi seluruh tata letak ruang yang digunakan dalam ritual pertunjukan ini dipengaruhi oleh struktur gerakan, posisi penari dan penampil yang tentunya merupakan sebuah sistem keyakinan dan kepentingan dari para penampil juga penonton yang berada pada lokasi tersebut. Semakin tinggi pemahaman mereka tentang konsep rasa, semakin kuat sensibilitas dalam menanggapi pertunjukan topeng yang menarik. Begitu pula dengan kualitas estetika pertunjukan tari topeng, saling melengkapi dalam pertunjukan ritual yang didukung konsep rasa. Keberhasilan implementasi rasa dalam acara ini memberikan rangsangan estetika bagi penonton untuk mencapai katarsis bagi mereka dengan keterlibatan rasa yang memberikan makna dalam hidup dan menjadi orang yang selalu kalah.
Taxpayer integrity in US law enforcement practice.
Authors: Muratov Ruslan Adamovich
Published: April 2022

The subject of the study is the concept of taxpayer integrity in the US law enforcement practice, in particular, the approach of the US tax authorities and the US Tax Court in applying this concept when considering tax disputes. When considering this issue, it was revealed that the signs of the taxpayer's integrity are fixed in the US Internal Revenue Code in Article 1.6664-4. In accordance with the provisions of this article, no fine may be imposed in accordance with section 6662 in respect of any part of the underpayment if the taxpayer proves that there was a reasonable reason for such part and that the taxpayer acted in good faith. В В В  The main conclusion of the study is that the existence of a legal norm defining the signs of a taxpayer's good faith in the US tax legislation allows taxpayers to avoid a fine in case of incomplete fulfillment of tax obligations by providing a reasonable reasonable reason. In addition, we can conclude that when determining the legality of accepting expenses for the purpose of reducing the income tax base, the US Tax Court takes into account the nature of the appearance of these expenses (case Neonatology Assocs., P.A. v. Commissioner - 115 T.C. 43, 99 (2000), aff'd, 299 F 3d 221 (3d Cir. 2002))