bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of the Efficacy of Surgical Treatment of Patients With Chronic Critical Ischemia of Lower Extremities at the Stage of Trophic Complications
Authors: Kozlovsky B. V. , Mikhailov I. P. , Isayev G. A. , Kudryashova N. E. , Leshchinskaya O. V.
Published: January 2021

Relevance. Chronic critical ischemia of the lower extremities (CCILE) in the stage of trophic complications is the final stage of diseases of the arteries of the lower extremities, leading to disability of patients and having a poor prognosis in terms of preservation of the lower extremities and mortality.

Aim of study. Objective assessment of the efficacy of lower limb revascularization in trophic disorders.

Material and methods. The analysis of treatment of 52 patients with stage IV CCILE (according to the classification of R. Fontaine and A.V. Pokrovsky) was carried out. Of these, 42 patients underwent three-phase scintigraphy combined with X-ray computed angiography on a hybrid apparatus. After the operation, this study was conducted in 37 patients.

Results. Out of 52 patients, surgery for revascularization of the lower extremities was performed in 37 patients, 15 were not operated on. Out of 37 operated patients, improvement of blood circulation occurred in 32 (86.5%). Circulatory decompensation was observed in 5 patients (9.7%). Among non-operated patients, improvement of blood circulation occurred in 9 patients (17.3%), no effect or decompensation — in 5 (9.7%). Subjective improvement in the condition and decrease in the degree of ischemia corresponded to the improvement of microcirculation according to the data of three-phase scintigraphy.

Conclusion.

1. Revascularization of the lower extremities in patients with trophic disorders is an effective method of treating this pathology. Therefore, all patients with chronic ischemia threatening limb loss should be considered as candidates for revascularization.

2. If the leg arteries or short occlusive or stenotic lesions of the main arteries are affected, such patients should be discussed together with specialists in endovascular surgery for endovascular treatment or joint intervention.

3. Hybrid radiation method (three-phase scintigraphy and single-photon emission computed tomography, combined with X-ray computed angiography) is an objective method that reflects the state of peripheral circulation and microcirculation, and allows you to objectively assess the effectiveness of the treatment.
Experience of Using Hyperbaric Oxygenation in the Treatment of Radionecrosis That Developed as a Complication of Stereotactic Radiosurgical Treatment of Meningioma on the Example of a Clinical Case
Authors: Tokarev A. S. , Stepanov V. N. , Rak V. A. , Yevdokimova O. L. , Terekhin I. A. , Neznanova M. V. , Levina O. A.
Published: January 2021

In contrast to conventional microsurgery, stereotactic radiosurgery has an advantage in the treatment of intracranial masses, avoiding severe complications associated with open surgery. In rare cases, the use of the method is associated with the development of radiation-induced injuries, one of which is radiation necrosis (RN). This is a late complication of radiosurgery, developing mainly 6 months after radiation exposure. The neurological manifestations of this complication depend on location, and the clinical picture is very diverse. The method of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with intravenous contrast enhancement is quite often the first link in neuroimaging, which helps to suggest the presence of this complication based on the X-ray picture and to clarify the location of changes.

We presented the experience of radiation necrosis treatment in a 47-year-old patient who was referred to our department with a diagnosis of frontal meningioma. The patient underwent stereotactic radiosurgical treatment using the Elekta Leksell Gamma Knife Perfextion device, and 6 months later the gradual deterioration began, the patient complained of headache, nausea; central prosoparesis developed. Considering the clinical picture and control MRI data, the changes were interpreted as radionecrosis. In order to control the complication, the patient underwent standard glucocroticosteroid therapy, supplemented by hyperbaric oxygenation (HBO), which made it possible to achieve regression of the adverse clinical and radiological manifestations of the complication. Thus, on a clinical example, it was demonstrated that the combined use of glucocorticosteroids and HBOs is highly effective in the treatment of RN.
Brushless DC Motors with a Three-Section Winding and Two Inductors
Authors:   Moscow State Technical University named N.E Bauman, GRIDIN Vladimir M.
Published: January 2021

Two brushless DC motors (BLDC) with a three-section armature windiщ and two cylindrical inductors-magnets are considered. One motor has an ordinary drum-type armature windiщ, and numbers of radial poles in its two inductors differ from each other by a factor of three. The other motor has a toroidal armature winding, and the numbers of radial poles in its two inductors differ from each other by a factor of two. An expression for the distribution of the resulting armature winding magnetic induction over the air gap circumference is given. The optimal relationships between the parameters of two inductors are determined. Expressions are obtained for the ratios of the electromagnetic torques of the considered motors and for the known BLDC motor with a conventional three-section armature winding and a composite inductor consisting of an inner magnetically soft bushing and external poles formed by magnets. The compared machines have the same number of power transistors and are made with the same dimensions of their electromechanical parts, and their armature windings consume the same power from the power source. It has been found that the electromagnetic torque in the considered motor with the ordinary armature winding is approximately a factor of 1.37 greater than in the known motor with a three-section armature winding, whereas in the motor with a toroidal armature winding it is smaller by about a factor of 1.1, i.e., insignificantly. However, the electromagnetic torque pulsation in the motor with a toroidal winding and three power transistors is approximately 3%, whereas in the known motor with three and six power transistors its values are approximately equal to 8 and 4.5%, respectively. The considered motors with simpler cylindrical inductors can compete with the known BLDC motors.
MEDIATIONAL FIELDS AND DYNAMIC SITUATED SENSES
Authors: MÁRQUEZ SOSA Carlos Mario
Published: January 2021

The purpose of this paper is to introduce the notions of mediational fields and dynamic situated senses as a way to identify the structure of experiences, thoughts and their relations. To reach this purpose I draw some lessons from the debate between Dreyfus and McDowell about the structure of experience, from Cussins’s conception of mediational contents, and from Evans’s account of singular senses. I notice firstly that McDowell’s answer to Dreyfus consists in developing a practical and demonstrative notion of the products of our conceptual capacities. A conception that entails that human experience is not entirely characterised in terms of an abstract specification of truth-conditions. McDowell and Cussins endorse Evans’s conception of singular senses. A specification that takes into account the dynamic and situated abilities involved in making reference. Whereas the first argues in favour of a conceptual conception of experience, the second one argues in favour of a nonconceptual conception. I introduce the notions of mediational fields and dynamic situated senses to argue that both converge in conceiving the contents of experience as mediational and not reducible to an abstract specification of truth-conditions. My proposal is to define a bidimensional space orthogonal to the conceptual/ nonconceptual, experience/thought, know-how/know-that dichotomies. Cognitive contents are ways to disclose the world both as mediational fields and as referential structures. The degree in which those elements are presented determine different varieties of cognition. I use the previous notions to develop the sketch of an account of singular, objective and contextual ways of cognition, and to argue that it is better to begin an enquiry about cognition with notions that do not presuppose a distinction between practical and intellectual capacities.
“THINKING POLITICALLY, SEEING HISTORICALLY”. HANNAH ARENDT ON THE METHOD OF POLITICAL THINKING
Authors: DEMETER Attila M.
Published: January 2021

In my paper, I try to summarize Hannah Arendt’s reflections on the method of political thinking, following them through their genesis. My fundamental assumption is that although she had been preoccupied with the issue before (at least from 1957), she became more seriously interested in it after the controversy following the publication of the Eichmann volume. It is generally known that Arendt believed to have found the pattern for the method of political thinking in Kant’s third critique, the one about judgment; more precisely in the Kantian description of the reflective judgment. This served as a pattern for Arendt for what she sometimes called representative thinking or opinion. If, on the other hand, we examine Arendt’s referring thoughts in their genesis we also come to realize why that was the case. In my opinion, Arendt looked in Kant’s work for a form of political thinking that remained impartial, in other words, it was not committed to one political cause or another, yet did not break its relations to politics, remaining entirely political.
SCHLICK AND SELLARS ON OBSERVATIONAL KNOWLEDGE
Authors: CRIȘAN Anton
Published: January 2021

The aim of the present paper is to provide a comparative account of the manner in which Moritz Schlick and Wilfrid Sellars treat certain aspects surrounding the topic of observational knowledge. By considering Sellars’s allusions to Schlick’s epistemological undertaking within the context of his rejection of givenness, I evaluate the extent to which Schlick can be characterized as a traditional foundationalist. By emphasizing that this is not the case and that Schlick adheres to a non-standard version of epistemological foundationalism, I shed some light on those theoretical elements that allow for a convergence of opinions between the two authors to transpire.
SOME ISSUES REGARDING ARTIFACTS
Authors: TOMI Paula
Published: January 2021

When it comes to artifacts, the functional accounts define them as objects that have an intended function. This function is considered essential for them and is used to classify artifacts and differentiate them. However, functional accounts of artifacts face some serious criticism. It seems that a function is neither essential, nor sufficient for an artifact. Thomasson offers a new perspective on artifacts. The author defines artifacts based on their intended feature. A feature may, of course, be a function but does not have to be just that. Generally speaking, intended features are norms of how to treat that specific artifact. Such an account is able to escape the criticism raised against functional accounts. In this article is presented Baker’s functional account of artifacts and some criticism that can be raised for such an account. The second part of the article critically introduces Thomasson’s account for artifacts. The aim of this article is to support Thomasson’s account against a functional perspective.
Evaluation of cell-based and tissue-based immunofluorescent assays for detection of glial fibrillary acidic protein autoantibodies in the cerebrospinal fluid of dogs with meningoencephalitis of unknown origin and other central nervous system disorders
Authors: Rozental Aaron J. , McGrath Stephanie , Mooney Allison P. , Hinson Shannon R. , McKeon Andrew , Pittock Sean J. , Gross Chase C. , Tyler Kenneth L.
Published: January 2021

OBJECTIVE

To evaluate whether cell-based and tissue-based immunofluorescent assays (IFAs) run in parallel could be used to detect glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) autoantibodies in the CSF of dogs with meningoencephalitis of unknown origin (MUO) and other CNS disorders

ANIMALS

15 CSF samples obtained from dogs with presumed MUO (n = 5), CNS disease other than MUO (5), and idiopathic epilepsy (5).

PROCEDURES

All CSF samples underwent parallel analysis with a cell-based IFA that targeted the α isoform of human GFAP and a tissue-based IFA that involved mouse brain cryosections. Descriptive data were generated.

RESULTS

Only 1 CSF sample yielded mildly positive results on the cell-based IFA; that sample was from 1 of the dogs with presumed MUO. The remaining 14 CSF samples tested negative on the cell-based IFA. All 15 CSF samples yielded negative results on the tissue-based IFA.

CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE

Results suggested that concurrent use of a cell-based IFA designed to target the human GFAP-α isoform and a tissue-based IFA that involved mouse tissue cryosections was inadequate for detection of GFAP autoantibodies in canine CSF samples. Given that GFAP autoantibodies were likely present in the CSF samples analyzed, these findings suggested that epitopes differ substantially between canine and human GFAP and that canine GFAP autoanti-body does not bind to mouse GFAP. Without a positive control, absence of GFAP autoantibody in this cohort cannot be ruled out. Further research is necessary to develop a noninvasive and sensitive method for diagnosis of MUO in dogs.
Urodynamic and morphometric characteristics of the lower urogenital tract of male Beagle littermates from four months to two years of age
Authors: Porato Mathilde M. , Noël Stéphanie M. , Bolen Géraldine E. , de Leval Jean , Moyse Evelyne V. , Limpens Véronique , Dourcy Mickaël , Hamaide Annick J.
Published: January 2021

OBJECTIVE

To describe functional and anatomic changes of the lower urogenital tract of healthy male dogs during the sexually immature period and up to 2 years of age by urodynamic and morphometric assessment.

ANIMALS

6 sexually intact male Beagle littermates.

PROCEDURES

Dogs underwent electromyography-coupled urodynamic tests, CT-assisted retrograde urethrography, prostatic washes, and blood sampling monthly from 4 through 12 months of age and then at 3-month intervals. Urodynamic and morphometric variables and serum canine prostate–specific esterase concentrations were analyzed by statistical methods.

RESULTS

Integrated pressure of the urethra was significantly increased beginning at 8 months of age, compared with earlier time points. Urethral pressure peak amplitudes varied among anatomic regions. During bladder filling, few electromyographic signals were concurrent with urethral pressure peaks; these were most commonly detected in the penile portion of the urethra. Urethral length and prostate gland volume were significantly greater from 7 to 24 months of age than at younger ages. Urethral length was approximately 26 to 27 cm after 9 months, and prostate gland volume was approximately 11 to 12 cm3 after 11 months of age. Serum canine prostate–specific esterase concentrations correlated with prostate gland volume. Urinary bladder threshold volume was significantly increased at 6 months of age, compared with that at 4 months, with a maximum of 197.7 mL at 24 months.

CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE

Urethral resistance was acquired at approximately 8 months of age, when growth of the lower urinary tract was incomplete. Electromyographic and integrated pressure measurement results and the distribution and amplitude of urethral pressure peaks highlighted the potential role of the prostate gland and possibly the bulbocavernosus muscles in control of continence.
Surfactant protein D concentrations in serum and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid from young healthy horses on pasture and in a barn environment
Authors: Daly Amy E. , Deible Clayton G. , Lamb Christina E. , Santacaterina Sofia M. , Marzolf Natasha L. , Page Allen E. , Horohov David W. , Wood Paul L. , Werre Stephen R. , Chapman Seth E. , Christmann Undine
Published: January 2021

OBJECTIVE

To evaluate surfactant protein D (SP-D) concentrations in serum and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) from young healthy horses on pasture or housed in a typical barn.

ANIMALS

20 young healthy horses.

PROCEDURES

Horses were randomly assigned to 1 of 2 groups (pasture, n = 10; barn, 10), and serum and BALF samples were collected for SP-D determination at baseline (all horses on pasture) and 2 weeks and 4 weeks after the barn group of horses was relocated from the pasture to the barn. Other evaluations included physical and tracheoscopic examinations. Findings were compared within and between groups.

RESULTS

Physical and tracheoscopic examinations, CBC, and serum biochemical analysis did not reveal evidence of respiratory disease, and no significant differences were present within and between groups. Serum SP-D concentrations did not significantly differ within and between groups, but BALF SP-D concentrations were significantly lower for the barn group at 2 weeks but not at 4 weeks, compared with baseline. The BALF SP-D concentration-to-BALF total protein concentration ratio was < 1.5 and did not significantly differ within and between groups.

CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE

A mild decrease was evident in the concentration of SP-D in the BALF collected from young healthy horses after 2 weeks of exposure to a barn environment. The clinical importance of this finding remains to be determined.
A new class of mixed fractional differential equations with integral boundary conditions
Authors: Somia Djiab , Brahim Nouiri
Published: January 2021

This paper deals with a new class of mixed fractional differential equations with integral boundary conditions. We show an important equivalence result between our problem and nonlinear integral Fredholm equation of the second kind. The existence and uniqueness of a positive solution are proved using Guo-Krasnoselskii’s fixed point theorem and Banach’s contraction mapping principle. Different types of Ulam-Hyers stability are discussed. Three examples are also given to show the applicability of our results.
Laboratory Device for Checking the Functionality of the Elevator Rope Sensors
Authors: Hrabovsky Leopold , Borovsky David
Published: January 2021

The paper describes the structural design of a laboratory device that allows for presenting operation, simulating work procedures and checking functionality of the elevator “rope sensors” when equalizing different tensile forces in partial ropes of a rope system of traction elevators. The laboratory device is modified for checking operations of commonly used rope sensors. In an overwhelming number of cases, elevator technicians use them for setting up the unequally distributed tensile forces in elevator ropes. The device is equipped with three, mutually attached pulleys, over which the rope is installed. The unknown tensile force in the rope is determined by an “indirect method”, i.e. from the resultant of the forces of the rope bent over the pulleys, which have an effect on the force sensor. The tensile force along the rope axis can be determined numerically, but also experimentally, from the inclination angle of the rope installed on the pulleys, diameter of the pulleys, diameter of the rope and the force detected by the force sensor of the stretched rope. The paper presents experimentally obtained tensile force values at the rope sensor, deduced from stretching the rope. The paper also describes the procedure for determining the measured load in the rope by rope sensors of the SWR, SWK and RMT-1 types based on the variable axial force in the rope.
Digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT) value in breast mass detection
Authors: Kuczyńska Angelika , Kwietniewski Łukasz , Kupisz Wiktor , Kruk-Bachonko Joanna , Krupski Witold
Published: January 2021

Epidemiologically, breast cancer is the most common cancer in middle-aged women and it is one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths. Middle-aged patients are covered by screening tests – digital mammography, often supplemented with ultrasound (US) breast examination. Other radiological tests in the diagnosis of breast cancer include such techniques as tomosynthesis, spectral mammography and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Many research groups around the world have demonstrated superiority of tomosynthesis in detecting focal lesions in breasts when compared to conventional mammography. Tomosynthesis usage was proposed for screening studies as a test of choice and for radiologically-guided tissue biopsies of suspicious tissue lesions.
The impact of social media on the lifestyle of young people
Authors: Wojdan Witold , Wdowiak Krystian , Witas Aleksandra , Drogoń Justyna , Brakowiecki Wojciech
Published: January 2021

Introduction. Young people are particularly vulnerable to new trends in internet use. Schoolchildren often lose themselves in the virtual world, forgetting about the real world. This leads to difficulties in contact with family or peers, a decline in academic performance, and even to road accidents. Some young people try to gain popularity on the Internet at all costs, thinking that only this will make them better people. In some youth circles, people who are less popular in the Internet are excluded – social media are therefore another reason for dividing young people.

Aim. The aim of the study is to determine the habits related to the use of social media by young people in order to analyze the obtained data in terms of: assessing an addiction of the studied group, impact on private life, education and selecting the necessary educational programs.

Material and method. The study used an anonymous questionnaire conducted in electronic form on a group of students attending high schools and technical schools all over Poland. The study was conducted using a proprietary questionnaire (Google form) completed online. The questionnaire mainly consisted of closed-ended questions verifying habits related to using social media and a certificate (age, gender, voivodship, size of the place of residence, type of school). The following computer programs were used for statistical analysis of data: Statistica and Microsoft Excel.

Results. The research proved that the most popular social media among young people are Facebook, YouTube, Instagram and Snapchat. Most of the respondents spend 3-4 hours a day on social media. Most of the respondents neglect sleep and household chores because of them.

Conclusions. Young people spend too much time during the day using social media. Social media have a negative impact on school education and the length of sleep of young people. A large proportion of young people is unaware of the dangers that await them online, and that social media have a negative impact on interpersonal contacts in the real world, therefore it is necessary to increase the knowledge of young people about the dangers lurking on the Internet and introduce educational programs to solve this problem.
Ageism attitudes of Ukrainian students
Authors: Krainikov Eduard , Prokopovych Eugeniy , Torbyak Natalia
Published: January 2021

Introduction. The article is devoted to the study of factors that determine the students’ ageism attitudes, as well as their perception of the image “I am the old”.

Aim. To investigate the connection between ageism attitudes with the indicators of conformism and control locus.

Materials and methods. Sample: 100 students of the Faculty of Psychology, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv (specialty “social pedagogy” and “social work”). Toolkit: Leary interpersonal communication skills test, The level of empathy test (I. Yusupov), Big-5 personality questionnaire, The locus of control test (J. Rotter), Questionnaire of ageism attitudes (E. Krainikov).

Results. Younger youths are more conformal and less empathic than older youths. Regarding the openness to the new experience, there were no significant differences between the respondents of both groups. Older youths are characterized by internal control locus comparing to younger youths. In addition, older youths have more positive and objective view to aging and old age. On the contrary, younger youths are more biased towards aging and old age.

Conclusions. The low level of conformism contributes to the formation of positive ageism attitudes, with the relative adoption of the image “I am the old”; the average level of conformism contributes to a balanced approach to aging and old age; a high level of conformism contributes to the formation of a negative ageism attitudes, testifies to the rejection of the image “I am the old”. Also, the ageism attitudes are affected by the level of subjective control. The internal control locus correlates with more positive ageism attitudes. Youth associates with a decrease in the level of conformism and increased control of the internal locus; therefore, older youths show more positive ageism attitudes and are likely to adopt the image “I am the old”.
Assessment of nurses’ knowledge of nosocomial infections transmitted through contact
Authors: Janiszewska Wiesława , Manulik Stanisław , Chmielowiec Krzysztof , Chmielowiec Jolanta , Boroń Agnieszka
Published: January 2021

Introduction. Due to frequent contact with sick people, the hands of healthcare professionals are the most popular way of transmitting pathogens from patient to patient and from hospital to patient. Hand hygiene is crucial when it comes to reducing HCAI (healthcare-associated infections).

Aim. The aim is to analyze the professional knowledge of nurses about nosocomial infections transmitted through contact. Its main assumption is the evaluation of this knowledge in the context of preventing the spread of nosocomial infections.

Material and method. A proprietary questionnaire consisting of questions was used to assess the knowledge of medical personnel. The survey contains 25 questions based on the principle of “true/false”. The reliability of the scale was measured and assessed with the Cronbach’s alpha test at the level of 68.4%.

Results. Factors adversely affecting the general level of knowledge in the field of hand hygiene turned out to be older age (p=0.012), longer work experience (p=0.023) and the lack of higher education (p=0.048).
Osteoclastic giant cell tumor of the pancreas with osteoid and bone formation: a case report
Authors: Provatas Ioannis , Sabaziotis Dimitrios , Stamou Chrissa , Mitropoulou Georgia , Trihia Helen
Published: January 2021

Background:

Extraosseous giant cell tumors involving visceral organs (pancreas, kidneys, bladder, etc.) and soft tissues present similar histological features to those occurring in the bones. Rarely, they may affect pancreas and their origin remains still controversial, with some authors supporting the epithelial and some others the mesenchymal origin.

Case Presentation:

We report the case of a pancreatic giant cell tumor with osteoclast-like cells, negative for epithelial markers. A 64-year-old man presented with a 2-month history of progressively worsening abdominal pain, radiating to the lumbar region. He reported no other symptoms. The abdominal clinical examination was unremarkable and there was no associated jaundice. Liver function tests remained within normal limits. His past medical history had nil of note. He underwent an outpatient abdominal computed tomography which revealed a large cystic lesion at the body of the pancreas measuring 10 × 7 × 6.5 cm. We proceeded with a limited excision of the pancreatic mass alone, avoiding major dissections that would unnecessarily increase morbidity and mortality and the post-operative course was good. The histological morphological and immunohistochemical assessment revealed two tumor cell types: osteoclast-like multinucleated giant cells and pleomorphic mononuclear cells, with bone formation and without important cellular and nuclear atypia.

Conclusion:

Pancreatic giant cell tumors with osteoclast-like giant cells are rare tumors of the pancreas with various clinical characteristics and controversial origin. En bloc resection has prevailed as the only beneficial treatment so far.
Türkiye‘de Yağlık Ayçiçeği Üretiminin Analizi
Authors: Semerci Arif , Durmuş Eylem
Published: January 2021

Yağlı tohumlu bitkiler, Türkiye‘de arz açığı yüksek olan ürün gruplarından biridir. 2018 yılı verilerine göre Türkiye‘nin sadece ayçiçeği ve ayçiçek yağı ithalatı için ödemiş olduğu tutar 762 milyon ABD$‘dır. Aynı yılın verilerine göre Türkiye‘nin yağlı tohumlar üretim miktarı yaklaşık 4 milyon ton olup, üretimden ayçiçeğinin aldığı pay ise %48,62‘dir. 2018 yılında ülke yağlık ayçiçeği üretim alanı yaklaşık 650 bin ha, üretim miktarı 1,8 milyon ton ve verim değeri de 277 kg/da olarak gerçekleşmiştir. Ülke genelinde ilk beş sırada yer alan illerin toplam yağlık ayçiçeği ekim alanı ve üretim miktarındaki payı yaklaşık %70 düzeyindedir. Birim alandan elde edilen verim değerinde Konya 408 kg/da ile ilk sırayı alırken, ekim alanı en yüksek il olan Tekirdağ ilinde değer 235 kg/da düzeyindedir. Türkiye‘de 1998-2018 arası dönem dikkate alındığında, yağlı tohumlar üretiminde %66,43 oranında artış sağlanmış olup, bu artışta üretim miktarı bakımından en önemli değişim %126,65 pay ile ayçiçeğinde gerçekleşmiştir. Zira, bu dönemde yağlık ayçiçeği verim değeri 146,76 kg/da‘dan 277,00 kg/da düzeyine ulaşmıştır. Türkiye‘nin yağlık ayçiçeği üretiminde kendine yeterlilik oranı %64,30 olup, önemli düzeyde arz açığı mevcuttur. Yağlık ayçiçeği üretiminde üretici geliri üzerinde en etkili destekleme uygulaması fark desteği uygulaması olmasına rağmen 2017-2019 döneminde ilan edilen birim fiyat değerinde bir değişiklik olmamıştır. 2018 yılında Türkiye‘de yağlık ayçiçeği ortalama verim değerinin 277 kg/da olduğu dikkate alındığında fark desteği uygulamasının yağlık ayçiçeğinde üretim değerini birim alanda 110 TL/da artırmaktadır.
To the question of origin of Indo-Iranians and Tocharians in light of the newest genetic data
Authors: Alekseev Konstantin Aleksandrovich
Published: January 2021

The subject of this research is the ethnogenesis of Indo-Iranian and Tocharian groups of Indo-European language family. The author analyzes the data on genetic composition of the population of Gandhara grave culture, which is an undisputable archeological evidence of expansion of Indo-Iranians into the Indus Valley, i.e. the place of dwelling of the speakers of Indo-Iranian languages that will be subsequently recorded in the written sources. The results of analysis are compared to the data acquired on the ancient population of the Tarim Basin in Eastern Turkestan, which supposedly is proto-Tocharian. The comparison of mitochondrial DNA detected the only admissible localization of population, which is ancestral for both linguistic groups, as well as outlined the logical chain of migration of Indo-Europeans. The novelty of this research consists in application of the comparative-genetic method for detecting the localization of origin of a particular human population (in this article – Indo-Iranians and Tocharians). The following conclusions were made: additional arguments in confirmation of the genesis of Indo-Iranians and Tocharians from the area of Danubian culture of the Neolithic (linear pottery – Linearbandkeramik, Lengyel, Alföld), as well as well reasons in support the migration model of Indo-Iranians and Tocharians from the area of agricultural cultures of Europe through Eurasian steppes, which can serve as the new foundation for hypotheses on the formation of steppe culture (like grave culture) by the people of European descent.
Una aproximación a la bioética de la diversidad funcional desde el deseo
Authors: Centeno Ortiz Antonio
Published: January 2021

This work exposes some of the issues that directly affect the way of understanding and approaching the reality of people whose global functioning differs from the standards generally accepted as “normal.” In the first part, the issues that affect the use of language and its influence on the cultural and symbolic representation of disability are reviewed; The following are the considerations on personal and sexual assistance as the basis of an effectively independent life. Third, two classic bioethical questions are debated, abortion and euthanasia, their relationship with the politics of tolerance and their implications in the lives of people with functional diversity. Finally, alternatives are explored, to move from the politics of tolerance to the “politics of desire.
Modifikasi Oven Biasa Menjadi Oven Vakuml
Authors: Subandi Subandi
Published: January 2021

The limited quantity and types of facilities for practicum, independent business projects and research, both lecturer and student research, is a problem that often arises and requires solutions to overcome it, one way to overcome the problem of limitations in types of practicum facilities is to modify existing equipment so that it can be done. used for other functions in accordance with the demands of the development of student and lecturer research studies. Modification of an ordinary oven into a vacuum oven is a set of drying ovens that are coupled with a suction pump and equipped with a vacuum gauge to measure the level of vacuum. A vacuum oven is a drying device with a low temperature, with the working principle in a vacuum that the boiling point of moisture is lower than the boiling point in atmospheric conditions so as to speed up the drying time and reduce the amount of damaged nutrients in the dried material due to drying. This drying method is suitable for materials that have high temperature sensitivity or are volatile due to their short drying time, one of which is food ingredients. At high temperature drying, the vitamin content in food is easily degraded and damaged. The modified vacuum oven can be used to dry materials from the types of leaves, fruit and tubers that were thinned using a temperature of 60°C, a vacuum level of -0.5 atm for 2 hours.
Kontrol Suhu Otomatis Oven Vulkanisasi Konvensional di Laboratorium Unit Produksi Serabut Kelapa Berkaret
Authors: Purwanto Nurjan Didik , Wiyono Puji , Pratama Andika Wahyu
Published: January 2021

The vulcanization process is a chemical reaction between rubber and sulfur to form cross-links and produce a three-dimensional structure. Temperature control in the vulcanization process is important to support the quality of the goods produced. In the coconut coir rubber production unit laboratory, the vulcanization oven is still conventional and manual for temperature control, therefore an operator is required to be on standby when the vulcanization oven is operated. The negligence of the operator will be fatal both in terms of the quality of the rubberised coir produced and the risk of fire. One of the causes of frequent fires in vulcanization ovens is the difficulty in setting the temperature in the oven process. To anticipate the occurrence of fires in the vulcanization oven, it is necessary to modify and add a temperature control to the oven. Based on the above problems, modifications need to be made which include the addition of a temperature control system and fire protection that combines temperature control, electric motor, fan, and indicator sirens in rubberized coconut fiber ovens so that the quality of the products produced remains good and avoids fire hazards. With this system, it is hoped that it can provide a sense of security and comfort for operators and contribute to the world of education, especially for students of the Agricultural Mechanization Study Program and other study programs at Lampung State Polytechnic. Automatic Temperature Control of Conventional Vulcanization Ovens in the Rubber Coir Production Unit Laboratory
NEXT AND LONG-TERM RESULTS OF X-RAY ENDOVASCULAR INTERVENTIONS IN TREATMENT OF CHRONIC CRITICAL ATHERODIABETIC ISCHEMIA OF LOWER EXTREMITIES
Authors:   Grodno State Medical University, Grodno, Belarus, Ioskevich N. N. , Vasilchuk L. F. ,   Grodno University Clinic, Grodno, Belarus, Vankovich P. E. ,   Grodno State Medical University, Grodno, Belarus, Antonenko S. P. ,   Grodno University Clinic, Grodno, Belarus, Cherniy V. A. ,   Grodno University Clinic, Grodno, Belarus, Obuhovich A. R. ,   Grodno University Clinic, Grodno, Belarus
Published: January 2021

Background. The treatment of chronic critical ischemia of the lower extremities with their combined atherodiabetic lesion is one of the far from the resolved problems of modern surgery. Aim of the study. Analysis of the results of X-ray endovascular interventions in patients with critical lower limb ischemia due to atherodiabetic lesions of the femoral-popliteal-tibial segment. Material and methods. We analyzed the results of REVS in 60 patients with diabetes mellitus with critical ischemia of the lower extremities due to infra-anginal atherosclerotic occlusions with a follow-up period of up to 5 years from the moment of the manipulation. Results. The total shelf life of the lower limb after REVV was 492.4 ± 10.1 days. Out of 26 amputations performed, balloon angioplasty was performed in 18 cases and stenting in 8 cases. In individuals with type I diabetes, the duration of painless period was 415.4 ± 5.1 days, and the total shelf life of the leg was 465.4 ± 4.3 days. In type II diabetes, these indicators were, respectively, 181.4 ± 4.4 days and 317.8 ± 6.7 days. In the group of patients with type I diabetes, the lower limb was saved in 55.6% of cases (in 20 out of 36 patients), and in type II diabetes - in 58.3% (in 14 out of 24 people). Conclusions. The presence of simultaneously obliterating atherosclerosis and diabetes mellitus in patients leads to a combined atherodiabetic lesion of the arterial bed, including infra-anginal arteries. X-ray endovascular interventions (balloon angioplasty and stenting) on the arterial femoral-popliteal-tibial segment are a rather effective method of eliminating chronic critical lower limb ischemia, which allows preserving the lower limb in 56.7% patients with a follow-up period of up to 5 years from the date of surgery. Improving the results of X-ray endovascular interventions in case of chronic critical atherodiabetic lower limb ischemia requires a comprehensive study of the possible causes of occlusions of reconstructed arterial segments (blood coagulation potential, non-optimal processes in the intervention zone).
Ensemble Effects of Explicit Solvation on Allylic Oxidation
Authors: Le Hung , Guagliardo Mariano , Gorden Anne , Clark Aurora
Published: January 2021

Umbrella-sampling density functional theory molecular dynamics (DFT-MD) has been employed to study the full catalytic cycle of the allylic oxidation of cyclohexeneusing a Cu(II) (E)-6-amino-7-((2-hydroxybenzylidene)amino)quinoxalin-2-ol complex in acetonitrile, which creates the desired cyclohexenone and H 2 O as products. In comparison to prior study using gas-phase DFT, a significant solvent effect is observed on the rate determining allylic H-atom abstraction step (which has a free energy barrier of 12.1 ± 0.2 kcal/mol). During the cycle, the explicit solvation and ensemble sampling of solvent configurations reveals an important dehydrogenation and re-hydrogenation step of the -NH 2 ligand that is essential to catalyst recovery. This work illustrates the importance of ensemble solvent configurational sampling to reveal the breadth of processes that underpin the full catalytic cycle.
Benchmarking Graph Neural Networks for Materials Chemistry
Authors: Fung Victor , Zhang Jiaxin , Juarez Eric , Sumpter Bobby
Published: January 2021

Graph neural networks (GNNs) have received intense interest as a rapidly expanding class of machine learning models remarkably well-suited for materials applications. To date, a number of successful GNNs have been proposed and demonstrated for systems ranging from crystal stability to electronic property prediction and to surface chemistry and heterogeneous catalysis. However, a consistent benchmark of these models remains lacking, hindering the development and consistent evaluation of new models in the materials field. Here, we present a workflow and testing platform, MatDeepLearn, for quickly and reproducibly assessing and comparing GNNs and other machine learning models. We use this platform to optimize and evaluate a selection of top performing GNNs on several representative datasets in computational materials chemistry. From our investigations we note the importance of hyperparameter selection and find roughly similar performances for the top models once optimized. We identify several strengths in GNNs over conventional models in cases with compositionally diverse datasets and in its overall flexibility with respect to inputs, due to learned rather than defined representations. Meanwhile several weaknesses of GNNs are also observed including high data requirements, and suggestions for further improvement for applications in materials chemistry are proposed.
Aminobismuthination of CO2
Authors: Marczenko Katherine , Chitnis Saurabh
Published: January 2021

We report the facile (25 oC, 1 atm, <5 minutes) insertion of CO2 into Bi-N bonds to yield rare examples of bismuth carbamates, whose structures show a μ2-bridging mode that is hitherto unobserved in s, p, or f-block amide chemistry. The role of ligand and substituent on promoting the controlled aminobismuthination of CO2 and rendering the bismuth carbamate products stable against thermal decomposition and ligand degradation is revealed.
Organomagnesium Crown Ethers and Their Binding Affinities with Li+, Na+, K+, Be2+, Mg2+, and Ca2+ Ions - a Theoretical Study
Authors: Thirumoorthy Krishnan , Padidela Uday Kumar , Vairaprakash Pothiappan , Thimmakondu Venkatesan S.
Published: January 2021

Novel organomagnesium crown ether molecules have been computationally characterized for the first time using density functional theory (DFT). Monomer units of MgC6 have been used as building blocks. The potential energy surface of the parent elemental composition, MgC6H2, has been extensively explored using both DFT and coupled-cluster methods. It is concluded that the seven-membered ring isomer, 1-magnesacyclohept-4-en-2,6-diyne, is the thermodynamically most stable molecule at all levels. Thus, the latter has been used as the building block for organomagnesium crown ethers. Both alkali (Li+, Na+, and K+) and alkaline-earth (Be2+, Mg2+, and Ca2+) metal ions selective complexes have been theoretically identified. Binding energies (Delta E at 0 K) and thermally corrected Gibbs free energies (Delta G at 298.15 K) have

been computed for these metal ions with MgC6-9-crown-3 and MgC6-12-crown-4 to gauge their binding affinities.Novel organomagnesium crown ether molecules have been computationally characterized for the first time using density functional theory (DFT). Monomer units of MgC6 have been used as building blocks. The potential energy surface of the parent elemental composition, MgC6H2, has been extensively explored using both DFT and coupled-cluster methods. It is concluded that the seven-membered ring isomer, 1-magnesacyclohept-4-en-2,6-diyne, is the thermodynamically most stable molecule at all levels. Thus, the latter has been used as the building block for organomagnesium crown ethers. Both alkali (Li+, Na+, and K+) and alkaline-earth (Be2+, Mg2+, and Ca2+) metal ions selective complexes have been theoretically identified. Binding energies (Delta E at 0 K) and thermally corrected Gibbs free energies (Delta G at 298.15 K) have been computed for these metal ions with MgC6-9-crown-3 and MgC6-12-crown-4 to gauge their binding affinities.
A Methodical Study to Unravel the Potential of using Polysaccharides based Organic Nanoparticles Versus Hybrid Nanoparticles for Pesticide Delivery
Authors: Mahajan Ritu , Selim Abdul , K M Neethu , Sharma Sandeep , Shanmugam Vijayakumar , Jayamurugan Govindasamy
Published: January 2021

Conventional pesticide release pollutes the atmosphere and root healthiness threats. To daze its limitations, nanotechnology mediated pesticide delivery using various natural polymers have been actively investigated. However, the lack of information on what are the beneficial/non-beneficial aspects of using hybrid- and organic- nanoparticles (NP) and among the polysaccharides which are better suited concerning pesticide loading efficiency (PLE), entrapment efficiency (E.E), and sustained-pesticide-release (SPR) has prompted us to investigate this study. In this report, we systematically investigate a series of polysaccharides such as starch (S), cellulose (C), aminocellulose (AC) and sodium carboxymethylcellulose (NaCMC) coated on magnetite NP (MNP, Fe3O4) and complete organic nanocarrier systems (starch and cellulose) that have no MNP part were compared for the PLE and SPR efficiencies for chlorpyrifos (ChP) insecticide. Overall, all nanocarriers (NCs) have shown good to excellent PLE due to the smaller sized NP obtained through optimal conditions. However, among the hybrid polysaccharides studied, starch MNP (S-MNP) has shown a maximum PLE of 111 wt% in comparison with other polysaccharides (80 – 94 wt%) as well as with organic-NCs (81 – 87 wt%). The use of inorganic support does improve the PLE greatly for starch but not for cellulose derivatives. Similarly, the SPR results of S-NP showed remarkably better sustained-release-profile for ChP of 88 % in 14 days, whereas other unfunctionalized and functionalized celluloses exhibited poor release profiles of 60 – 20 % for the same period. These results indicate that the superior performance of starch might be due to the beta-1,4- & 1,6-linkages of sugar moieties leading to the branched polymers which bring more room for the pesticide to be entrapped and allow them to release in a sustainable manner. We believe that this study may help the researchers to choose the right system for designing and achieving enhanced pesticide efficiency.
Prevalence of Peri Implantitis and Peri Implant Mucositis among Implant Patients - A Dental University Based Study
Authors: Ankita Komal Labh  , Marian Anand Bennis  , Geo Mani
Published: January 2021

The term peri-implantitis describes an inflammatory disease that results in the loss of supporting bone around an implant. It differs from mucositis in which the inflammation of mucosa surrounding an implant is not accompanied by bone loss and is reversible. Peri-implant diseases are not uncommon following implant therapy. This study aims to find the incidence of peri-implantitis and peri-implant mucositis among patients having undergone implant therapy in Dental University Hospital in Chennai, India. A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted using 305 samples from the Department of Implantology after reviewing and analysing the data of 86000 patients between June 2019 and March 2020. Microsoft Excel® was used to tabulate the data obtained. The variables assessed were age, gender, presence of infection, type of inflammation and site of implant placement. The sample had a gender distribution of 60.33% males and 39.67% females. 41% implant patients belonged to the age group of 36-55 years. The most (27.5%) common site of implant placement was sextant 4 specifically in relation to the first molar. 98.69% of implant sites showed no signs of infection. 0.66% of implants (in one subject) showed peri-implantitis. 0.33% showed peri-implant mucositis and for 0.33% implants the data was insufficient for categorization. Within the limits of the study, the incidence of peri-implantitis and peri-implant mucositis was 1.31% among implant patients of a Dental University Hospital in Chennai, India.