bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Investigate of contamination of some wells with infectious stages of intestinal parasites in Saladdin - Iraq
Authors: Jamal Zangana Ashraf , Ahmad Erdeni Abid
Published: October 2019

The study investigated the pollution of water of some wells with infectious stages of intestinal parasites. Eleven water wells were examined. The results of the microscopic examination of water samples were cysts of, Entamoeba histolytica and Entamoeba coli and Toxocara canis and mature and immature eggs of Ascaris lumbricoides at different rates, as the results showed that the highest rate of E. histolytica is in the well number 10, which amounted cyst to 0.23 followed by cyst of E. coli in well No. 5, 0.11 and A. lumbircoides in wells 10 and 11 With 0.12 and 0.07 respectively, followed by I. canis eggs in both wells 9 and 2, 0.13 and 0.06 respectively, as well as physical and chemical tests of well-studied water. In this study, for the first time, the diagnosis of intestinal parasitic stages of infection in water wells, specifically in the province of Salah al-Din.
Prevalence study of tuberculosis among basrah population through 2011-2015 : prospective study
Authors: Edan Alsaimary Ihsan
Published: October 2019

the study recordes were taken from infectious diseases unite in albasrah general hospital. The data collected from the files of recorded cases thruogh 2011 to 2015. TB patients that attended to this unite which were, including pulmonary and extra pulmonary TB diseases. Their ages were between (few months-70 year). through 2011 the total patients reached to 58 males and 27 females. the highly risk group was aged 30-39yrs for males and 60-69 yrs for females. in 2012 the total patients reached to 52 males and 25 females. the highly risk group was aged 30-39yrs for males and females. in 2013 the total patients reached to 21 males and 24 females. the highly risk group was aged 30-39yrs for males and50-59 yrs for females. in 2014 the total patients reached to 19 males and 42 females. the highly risk group was aged 60-69 yrs for males and 20-29 yrs for females. And in 2015 the total patients reached to 31 males and 22 females. the highly risk group was aged 30-39 yrs for males and 30-39 and 50-59 yrs for females. There are statistical differences between all studied age groups through various years P<0.05
Role of outer membrane proteins in virulence of Klebsiella ozaenae and antibiotic sensitivity
Authors: Fahim Abbas Aalaa , Ghazi Mahdi Al-Saadi Aamal , Kadhim Hussein Anwar , Omran Al-Thaheb Azhar
Published: October 2019

In the present study, the association between outer membrane proteins loss, virulence and antibiotic sensitivity was investigated in K. ozaenae. An outer membrane proteins deficient K. ozaenae was derived from local clinical K. ozaenae isolate. Virulence was assessed by comparing the clearance of viable complete K. ozaenae with that outer membrane proteins deficient K. ozaenae in the spleen, liver, appendix, and blood of injected laboratory mice. Antibiotic susceptibility was tested by disc diffusion method. It was recorded significant differences at a P value of ⩽0.05 between the logarithm of the viable number of the complete K. ozaenae and logarithm of the viable number of outer membrane proteins deficient K. ozaenae that retrieved from the spleen, liver, appendix, and blood. It was observed that the logarithm of the viable number of complete K. ozaenae increased gradually during 18, 24, 48 and 72 hours compared with the logarithm of the viable number of outer membrane proteins deficient K. ozaenae which increases during 18-24 hours, and then decreased in all organs. Susceptibility tests showed that complete K. ozaenae isolate was resistant to most used antibiotics including amoxicillin, cephalothin, ceftazidime, cefotoxime, amikacin, tetracycline, naldixic acid, erythromycin, trimethoprim and sensitive to only imipenem and gentamicin. Whereas outer membrane deficient K. ozaenae isolate was resistant to all antibiotics used in our study.
Biological Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles from saprolegnia parasitica
Authors: Ali Habeeb Al-Khuzai Rajaa , Khadhim Aboud Majid , Khoman Alwan Syoof
Published: October 2019

An eco-friendly method to synthesis silver nanoparticles using aquatic fungus Saprolegnia parasitica was investigated in current study. The formation of the silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) was initially confirmed by the UV-Visible Spectroscopy. As well as using FT-IR, SEM, and EDX. UV Visible analysis showed a strong peak at 428 nm, the SEM images of the biosynthesized AgNPs showed spherical shape with average of the nanoparticls diameter 37 nm range.
Therapeutic effect of P-coumaric acid in the experimentally infected rats with Salmonella typhi
Authors: Sadiq Obayes Maryam , Al-Bermani Oruba K , Ahmed Rahim Shaima
Published: October 2019

Salmonella entericasubspeciesentericserotype typhi which infect the human and cause typhoid fevers (systemic infection). Experimental infection withSalmonella typhiare very important because they explains the pathogenicity ofSalmonella typhithrough a histopathological findings. The herbal inhibitors like P-Coumaric acid explain anti-inflammatory effect and have a selective effect against type III secretion system formation ofSalmonella typhi. our study includes 15 adult male albino rats were divided into three groups each group composed from 5 rats. A group: were orally challenged with 1ml of 3X106CFU ofSalmonella typhifor one day. Group B: were also orally administered with 1ml of 3X106CFU ofSalmonella typhi, additionally, they also orally received 5ml of 100mg/kg of P-Coumaric acid for three consecutive days. Group C: serving as control group, they orally administered with 5ml of normal saline. All the animals are sacrificed after five days post infection, liver, small intestine and colon specimens were taken for histopathological investigation. the histological sections of liver and small intestine of group A animals showed pathological changes like degeneration of hepatic cells and inflammatory cell infiltration of the lamina properia in small intestine, while the group B animals showed normal liver and small intestine sections like the control group
Cytotoxic activity of green synthesis copper oxide nanoparticles using cordia myxa L. aqueous extract on some breast cancer cell lines.
Authors: Ali Thamer Neran , Tareq Barakat Nadia
Published: October 2019

The efficiency of copper oxide nanoparticles synthesized from aqueous extract of cordia myxa L. on some breast cancer lines AMJ-13,MCF-7, and HBL-100 as normal cell lines was studied. Different concentration of copper oxide nanoparticles (25,50,75,100) µg/ml at different times (24,48 and72) h were selected. The results showed that the effect of nanoparticles depend on the concentration. As the concentration of nanoparticles increase the percent of inhibition increase. It was found that concentration of copper oxide nanoparticles at 100 μg / ml gave the highest inhibitory rate of cell growth MCF-7 (71.1%) after 24 hours, while the percent of inhibition for AMJ-13 was (69.6)%. When the exposure time was increased to48 h, the rate of inhibition at 100 mg/ml was 80% for MCF-7 while 73% for AMJ13. By increasing the duration of the exposure to 72 hours, the rate of inhibition at l00µg/ml were (85.2 and 78.2)for MCF-7 and AMJ13 respectively. No significant inhibition was found for HBL-100 at different concentration and different times. These results was indicated that copper oxide nanoparticles synthesized from the aqueous extract of cordia myxa L. had a toxic effect on growth of some breast cancer cell lines.
Antibiotics Susceptibility Pattern of Clinical and Environmental Escherichia coli Isolates from Babylon Hospitals
Authors: Hasan Abed Zainab , Mohammad Jarallah Eman
Published: October 2019

A total of (400) clinical and environmental samples were collected during the period from Sep/2018 to Jan/2019 from different hospitals in Hilla city. The isolates were identified and based on microscopic features and standard biochemical tests. The results showed there were (150) isolates of E.coli from clinical and the environmental samples. The clinical isolates (67 isolates) were collected from patients suffering from different infections such as UTI (30 isolates), gastroenteritis (diarrhea) (22 isolates), and wound infections (15 isolates). Also, the environmental isolates (83) were collected from the different site of hospitals environment include surgery room, hospital floors, the hospital cafeteria, the corridors of the hospital, and from workers dress and stool. All 150 E.coli isolates were primarily screened for colistin resistance, The following antibiotics were used for susceptibility testing to the resistance isolates for colistin (17 isolates): Aminoglycosides (Amikacin, Gentamicin, kanamycin ), Sulfonamide (Trimethoprim), Nitrofurans (Nitrofurantoin), Fluoroquinolons (Ciprofloxacin, Norfloxacin), Cefeme (Cephalothin, Ceftriaxone, Ceftazidime), Macrolides (Erythromycin), carbapenems (Imipenem, meropenem), beta-Lactams (Amoxicillin, Carbenicillin ), Tetracyclin, Chloramphenicol. our result show that E. coli the most causative agent of UTI infection especially in women. there is a high resistance to cefems and beta- lactam antibiotic (100%) among these isolates which play as a cell wall inhibitors. And moderate resistance to ciprofloxacin (52.9%), Chloramphenicol and Norfloxacin (29.14%), and weak resistance to Gentamycin.
The involvement of dityrosine crosslinks in lipofuscin accumulation in Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Al-Hilaly Youssra K , Mohammed Asma H , Thorpe Julian R , Serpell Louise C
Published: October 2019

Lipofuscin is hydrophobic and insoluble yellow-brown pigment that accumulates in the nervous system of individuals and considered to be a biomarker of aging. However, it has been reported that amyloid-containing Alzheimer neurons contain a large amount of lipofuscin and lysosomal protease enzymes suggesting that the accumulation of Aβ may contribute to lipofuscin formation under oxidative stress conditions. Probing the contribution of oxidative stress using dityrosine cross-links as a marker will help to raise our understanding of the mechanism underlying the increased lipofuscin accumulation in Alzheimer (AD). In order to establish whether oxidised Aβ42 is found in lipofuscin pigments in AD brains, immunogold labelling for dityrosine and Aβ42 in lipofuscin of AD and control age matched brains was carried out. Single immunogold labelling of dityrosine was observed in the lipofuscin granules of control age-matched human brain. Interestingly, TEM immunogold labelling of dityrosine in lipofuscin of AD brain reveals two different labelling areas, low-and high-density dityrosine labelling. The quantification of immunogold particles shows significantly more dityrosine labelling in AD brain compared to age-matched controls. TEM immunogold co-labelling of dityrosine and Aβ in AD brain reveals some colocalisation within lipofuscin, although some areas showed low levels of Aβ labelling. These results may indicate that dityrosine cross-links could be generated from oxidation of various proteins that contain tyrosine residues. Our data show that dityrosine cross-links are increased in lipofuscin in AD brain, highlighting the important role played by dityrosine cross-links in the accumulation of lipofuscin in higher levels in AD compared to control brains.
Estimation of serum testosterone hormone according to anthropometric class in adult men
Authors: Hamid AL-Ardhi Ghadeer , Jameel Ibraheem Noran
Published: October 2019

Evaluate the serum concentration of testosterone hormone in some healthy adult’s men according to their characteristics of anthropometric measurements. This study included ninety-eight volunteer’s adult’s men, their ages (20-50) years, the blood samples were taken from subjects at the morning during 8:30-10:30 o’clock. ELISA kit was used to assay the serum level of testosterone hormone and the anthropometric measurements have been done such as; body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC) and percentage of body fat (BF%) by a special formula and the subjects were assorted depending on classes of anthropometric measurements. The results showed a significant decrease in serum level of testosterone hormone (p<0.05) in obese groups compared with the leaner groups. The class of the anthropometric measurements predicts the state of testosterone hormone level.
Saprolegnia parasitica–mediated biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles and its antimicrobial activity
Authors: Kadhim Al-Shibly Majid , Khoman Alwan Syoof , Ali Habeeb Rajaa
Published: October 2019

In this work, the effect of silver nanoparticles synthesized by Saprolegnia parasitica was investigated against.Staphylococcus.aureus, Proteus mirabilis, E.coli, Trichophyton.rubrum and Candida albicans, The formation of the silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) was initially confirmed by the UV-Visible Spectroscopy. As well as using SEM, UVVisible analysis showed a strong peak at 428 nm, the SEM images of the biosynthesized SNPs showed spherical shape with a particle size in the 37 nm range. The results of the study showed that the concentration of 150 microliters of SNPs solution was the most concentration for inhibition when it used as an antimicrobial against (E. coli, S.aureus, P.mirabilis, (T.rubrum).
Study of residual effect of N fertilizer (Total N) on the soil
Authors: Al-Ethawi Latif A , Salem Mansour A
Published: October 2019

The study of residual effect of N fertilizer on the soil is important research so far so good.This study was conducted on Brack-Ashkda agricultural project soil middle south of Libya to investigate the effects of soil depth(0-180 cm) and duration of soil use (January, April, July and October) on the presence of the level of total N as a residual effect of additions of N fertilizer to the soil.Results showed that the total N concentrations decreased with increasing soil depth(0-180 cm) and there are significant differences between them in all studied wells.Also, the results showed that the concentrations decreased with increasing duration of soil use from January until October. There are significant differences between the total N concentrations along the duration of soil use in all studied wells.
Assessing of Imbalance among Economic, Environmental and Social Sustainability: Evidence from Oil and Gas Industry in Iraq
Authors: Ibrahim Y M , Hami N , Othman S N
Published: October 2019

Sustainability has increased importance, particularly for oil and gas industry (O&GI) to address the imbalance in the economic, environmental and social issues. Consequently, this descriptive study aims to evaluate the imbalance between the economic, environmental and social performance of the O&GI in Iraq and to propose a conceptual model for addressing it. Secondary data of economic sustainability environmental sustainability and social sustainability (2011-2017) was descriptively examined. The findings are revealed a significant imbalance between the three indicators. Moreover, the present study also proposed a conceptual model based on prior literature on how to improve and reduce this imbalance and create sustainability performance within the O&GI.
Toxicity impact of Mesurol pesticide on freshwater snail Viviparous bengalensis in AL-Diwaniyah river, Iraq.
Authors: Sabah Al-Jasimee Ahmed , Maan Neamah Asmaa , Hussein Eman M
Published: October 2019

The current study included testing the toxicity of Mesurol pesticide and its effects on the freshwater snail Viviparous bengalensis. Snails’ mortality is recorded at each 24 hours with a replacement of solution toxicity in order to avoid volatilization. Value of LC50 is obtained and is (0.55) mg/l, during the period of 96 hours. No mortality is noticed in the control treatment for the duration of the experiment, and the toxicity of Mesurol pesticide is very toxic and deadly impact on the snails.
Water Quality index for Surface Water Assessment by using Remote Sensing and GIS Techniques, AL- Najaf, Al-Manathera district, Iraq
Authors: Ali Al-Dahhan Najlaa A , Al-Atwi Ali K. Hussein , Al-Zubaidi Mohanad G Murad.
Published: October 2019

This study carried out in AL-Najaf province within Al-Manathera district that contents stream network, in dry season (2018), twenty samples collected and six physicochemical parameter analyzed for surface water in laboratory of environment and agriculture directorate in AL-Najaf Province.Six physicochemical parameter like Ec (mmho/cm), TDS(mg/liter), Ca+2(mg/liter), Cl−(mg/liter), So4−2(mg/liter), and PH.Standards Iraq for irrigation purpose were used and inverse distance waited(IDW) interpolation has been utilized to create of six parameters spatial distribution map above.Raster calculator of Arc map GIS 10.2 software presented water quality index for surface water samples ranged between 54.2912- 79.9387.
Measuring The Water Pollution Of selected Sites In Al- Najaf Covenarate(TSS) And Using Remote Sensing Data
Authors: Yaseen Mahdy Zeena , Mihyi Ali Hussain
Published: October 2019

The current study was conducted in Najaf governorate within the Kufa district to measure the percentage of pollution (TSS) in the Euphrates River (Shatt Kufa) and the length of about 25 km. he purpose of this study is to determine the estimated concentration of total suspended solid in the Shat Kufa by Landsat 8 OLI. The data was distributed by the United States Geological Survey (USGS) and downloaded from Earth Explorer website (2018-12-15) using remote sensing data, the study samples were collected from (10)(2018 -12-22) starting from the north of Kufa - Zarka area to the south of Kufa bridge cement plant and a length of about 14.5 km. Most of the concentration of TSS spread across the northern and southern parts of the Shatt al-Kufa, as a result of cesspits, as well as the drainage of a number of waterways (the northern Kufa and Buhadi districts) directly to the Shat al-Kufa. The results of the analysis of correlation between reflectivity (r) for the degrees of remote sensing and TSS) in the laboratory of the Department of Environment \ Faculty of Sciences \ University of Kufa band (4) Highest correlation and accuracy reached: ((r=0.917,R2=0.840,RMSE=4.5225,MRE=1.1649) While the band (1) less coherent and accurate as it reached:( (r=0.562,R2=0.316,RMSE=5.4683 mg/l,MRE=1.5739%).
Classification of The Key Functional Diversity of the Marshes of Southern Iraq Marshes
Authors: Al-Zaidy Kadhim J L , Parisi Giuliana , Ali Abed Salwan , Salim Mudhafar A
Published: October 2019

The term “marshes” refers to the wetlands that are almost of shallow water with relatively dense plant cover, mainly of prominent plants (such asPhragmytesandTypha), or other submerged plants. The marshes of Southern Iraq (Ahwar) are of unique environmental and cultural features that rarely meet in similar habitats worldwide.. They are the most distinctive wetlands in Southwest Asia and worldwide as well. in some times in the past, these wetlands used to cover more than 15,000 km2, however, now it consists of less than this area. Functional diversity is fundamentally considered as a guide to comprehend the nature of ecosystem work. Despite the possession of the marshes of Southern Iraq for many major and minor functions, no study to determine the function diversity of this area was conducted. The present study aims to classify the major functions of the Iraqi marshlands, and then to develop a general framework to determine the extent of the decrease or increase in those functions as a result of the different influences. Also, the current study provides the criteria in preparing estimates for Iraqi marshes rehabilitation programs.
Spatial, seasonal variation and biodiversity in phytoplankton communities in Al-Diwaniyah River -IRAQ
Authors: Mahmoud Falih-Al-Khalidi Ahmed , Kadhim Abed Al-Asady Raid
Published: October 2019

Identification and diversity of Phytoplanktons was studied in five sites in the River of Al-Diwaniyah – Iraq during the period from January 2018 to December 2018. A total of 224 taxa belonging to 66 genera were diagnosed in all study sites. Atotal of 224 taxa were identified in all stations of study and dominated by diatoms (120 taxa).pennales were represented by 107 species only, and 13 species belong to Centrales diatoms followed by green algae recorded 54 species and then blue green 42 species. Euglenophyta recorded 6 species, while the Pyrrophyceae was one species. It was also notice that few genera were dominated namely, Oscilltoria spp., Scendesmes spp., Cocconies placentula, Cyclotella meneghiniana, Melosira ambigua, Navicula cincta, Synedra acus, during the period of the study in all stites.. The highest density of phytoplankton was recorded during the month of April, at 2918.4 × 310 cells / liter, and the lowest density at site (3) during the month of January was 278.3 × 310 cells / liter. Shannon -Weiner for Diversity showed the highest value in Site (1) at 3.66 during April and the lowest value on site (3) in February and reached 1.19.
Efficiency of Trichoderma spp. against of some pathogenic fungi causing of broad bean root rot disease
Authors: Abd Ali Hadi Matloob Ahed
Published: October 2019

This study aims to a survey broad bean root rot disease in Babylon governorate (80 km south Baghdad-Iraq), and evaluation the antagonistic activity of the biological control agents Trichoderma harzianium and T. viride against pathogens. The result showed the distribution of the disease in all fields in percentage of disease incidence 65-100% and severity 22.50-68.75%. Results of isolation and identification showed the presence of 6 species of fungi associated with infected plants with variable percentage of presence. Fusarium solani and Rhizoctonia solani were present in most samples, whereas other fungi Macrophomina phasealina, Aspergillus niger, Trichoderma sp. and Penecillium sp. were found with a low rate. T. harzianums and T. viride fungi had highly antagonistic ability against of pathogenic isolates, and protect broad bean plant from infection by pathogenic fungi by reduced diseases incidence and severity and increased plant growth promoting compared to control (with pathogen). The bio-control agents T. viride, T. harzianium alone increased plant length to38.67, 39.79 cm and fresh weight to24.33,24.76 g and dry weight to 2.00, 2.27g respectively compared to control.
Effect of using natural apple vinegar, garlic powder (Alsin) and black bean seed on the immune system and some of characteristics of the blood broilers Ross 308
Authors: Ulsagheer Mohanad K , Ibrahim Saleem M R , Jard Kadhim Mohammed
Published: October 2019

The experiment was designed to study the effect of adding natural apple vinegar adding to water and garlic powder and black bean adding to the feed on the immune system and some blood characteristics of broilers Ross 308. A total of 256 chicks were randomly divided in eight group, (16 bird in each replicate) for 35 days. The first group was fed without additives (control) (T1). Second group was added apple vinegar to water 1 ml/l (T2). Third group was added garlic powder 0.3g/kg (T3). Fourth group was added black bean 4 g / kg (T4). Fifth group was added apple vinegar 1 ml/l water and garlic powder 0.3g/kg (T5). Sixth group was added apple vinegar 1 ml/l water and black bean powder 4g/kg in the feed (T6). Seventh group was added garlic powder 0.3 g/kg and black bean 4 g/kg in diet (T7). Eighth group was added 1 ml/l water, garlic powder 0.3 g/kg and black bean 4 g/kg in diet (T8). At the end of experiment 4 birds were chosen randomly from each group (2 birds / replicate) for anatomy and calculating the weight of some organs to evaluate the effectiveness of the immune system. Blood extraction was carried out to measure the level of immunity in birds against Newcastle disease and the study of some blood characteristics. Results showed significant differences (p⩽0.05) in thymus gland weight in favor of (T7) compared with (T1, T2, T3 and T4) while not significant with (T5, T6 and T8). Results showed no significant differences in the weight of spleen between all groups (p⩽0.05) and showed a significant increase (p⩽0.05) in the level of immunity against Newcastle disease and infectious bursal disease with the highest levels of (T5 and T7), while the lowest level of immunity against these diseases it was in (T6 and T8). The results showed a significant decrease in the level of cholesterol in (T2 and T6) compared with the other experimental groups. There was a significant increase in the level of protein in the blood in favor of (T7 and T8) compared with the other experimental groups. The blood glucose level was significantly lower in favor of the (T6) compared to the other experimental groups.
The informatics adequacy on the spraying technology in Iraqi agricultural researches: A literature review
Authors: Subr Alaa K , Alheidary Majid H R , Al-Ahmadi Ameer H A
Published: October 2019

Many of the Iraqi agricultural researches are used spraying technique to add chemical products including pesticides and growth regulators. Various studies were performed to study the effect of these substances at different concentrations to improve plant production. In order to adopt specific criteria of spraying researches and to replicate them easily, it is a necessary to mention all information related to the spraying processes and regulations for improving sprayer’s performance by increasing the amount of pesticide deposited on the target. The current study aims to survey Iraqi researches in details and analyse them randomly. Also, to highlight on the importance of information applied in spraying techniques and its relationship with improving of agricultural production. The survey showed most of these researches does not mention sufficiently the basic information, especially in the spraying or calibrating processes. These processes are important to ensure the best distribution of spraying in the field depending on type of sprayer, nozzle type, and operating pressure. Also, some of these researches do not show the application rate of pesticide and the factors affected on it, which may lead to imbalance in homogenization of the pesticide distribution. This study recommended using a power sprayer to avoid the misapplication in droplets distribution in comparison with packback sprayers, which have a complication in the operating pressure and nozzle height regulation. Another recommendation was a necessity to select the perfect nozzle type that agrees with the global publications.
Chemical Composition and Antioxidant Capacity of Eggplant Parts during Vegetative and Flowering Stage
Authors: Jawad Kadhim Naser , Sareea Al-Rekaby Layth , Abdul Redha Ahmed , Chappell Joseph
Published: October 2019

The parts of eggplant Solanum melongena L. (Solanaceae) (leaf, stem, root, flower, and fruit) were taking in two stages, vegetative and flowering stage (Iraq), to determine the influence of total content of plenolic compounds, (as phenol, flavonoid, tannin, and anthocyanin), alkaloids compound and antioxidant capacity of crude extract of these parts. Ultrasonic extracted by ethyl-acetate solvent, qualitative assay by deferent reagent. The flowers showed high content of phenolic compound as phenol, tannin, anthocyanin, and flavonoids, and antioxidant capacity, while seeds showed high content of alkaloids with significant value, p<0.05. Stage of growth of roots, stems, and leave showed no significant differences effect in phenol content, otherwise, the flowering stage of roots, stems, and leave showed high content of flavonoids with significant value compared with vegetative stage Flowering stage of roots and stems showed high content of tannin with significant value compared with vegetative and flowering stage otherwise in leave. Vegetative stage of roots showed high value of anthocyanin content with significant value, compared with flowering stage. Otherwise, the vegetative stage of roots, stems, and leave showed high content of alkaloids with significant value high value of flowering stage. Antioxidant capacity were the best in vegetative stage of roots, stems, and leave compared with the flowering stage in conjunction with alkaloids.
CAST/MspI gene polymorphism and its impact on growth performance and carcass traits of Shami goats breed in Iraq
Authors: Hameed Salim Abdullah , Ahmed Abdulkareem Ali
Published: October 2019

The identification of allelic and genotypic polymorphisms of the calpastatin gene and verify the effect of these polymorphisms on growth and non-carcass components traits of Shami goats breed were The objectives of this study. Seventy males of Shami goats were phenotyped for growth performance (birth weight, weaning weight, slaughter weight ), carcass weights (hot and chill carcass weights) and non-carcass components traits (head, legs, skin, heart, lungs, testes, spleen and kidney weights). Male goats were weighed at the beginning of the experiment and the subsequent weights were measured. All goats were slaughtered to evaluate carcass characteristics. Two alleles (M and N) with frequencies of 0.84 and 0.16, respectively, and two genotypes (MM, MN) with 68.6% and 31.4% frequencies successively, were detected. The association of calpastatin genotype was significant with weaning weight, slaughter weight, carcass hot and chill weights (P < 0.05) by the superiority of MN genotype with 16.964, 27.70, 11.28 and11.01 kg respectively. The same superiority of MN genotype was found in non-carcass components traits (P < 0.05) with 2081.07, 801.78, 1699.29, 109.28, 326.07 and 187.64 gm., for head, legs, skin, heart, lungs and testes respectively.
Evaluation the efficiency of packing cucumber seeds with alginic acid loaded on Trichoderma koningii spores for time periods against pathogenic fungus Rhizoctonia solani
Authors: Radhi M N
Published: October 2019

This study was conducted at University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine in Bucharest laboratories, the concentration of 3.6*106 of T.koningii spores loaded on alginic acid was used to pack cucumber seeds at room temperature and for 6, 12 and 18 months against pathogenic fungus R.solani. Effectiveness of germination and seedling was evaluated every 6 months. The results of antagonism tests show that the bio fungus T.koningii have a high antagonism ability against the pathogen fungus R.solani, the antagonistic ratio 2 according to the scale of Bell. Also the results showed the effectiveness of germination of cucumber seeds packed with alginic acid loaded on T.koningii and contaminated with R.solani for 18 months of storage under room temperature, the rate of germination and seedling death 70.00% and 13.39%, respectively compared with non-loaded and contaminated seeds with R.solani which the rate reached to 30.00% and 55.55 % respectively. The best results of germination and seedling death were in cucumber seeds unloaded with alginic acid on T.koningii and contaminated with R.solani after 6 months which reached to 96.33% and 13.79 % respectively in comparison with cucumber seeds packed with alginic acid loaded on T.koningii and contaminated with R.solani which reached to 66.66% and 40.00% respectively.
Epidemiology and distribution of soil borne viruses in the fields of potato, and are disseminations with out of via-vectors
Authors: Hamoud Ali Hameed , Naif Mheedi Raghad
Published: October 2019

Through visits farm of potato fields in the area of Rashidiya- of Nineveh province (Iraq) and the container on the viruses symptoms, collect soil samples from areas near the root zone of plants that those samples contained two viruses Tobacco mosaic virus, it was detected only in soil and Potato virus X, was detected in the infected plants debris, which has been detected them biological by using indicator plants show local lesions and by immunologically test DAS-ELISA, did not notice any living vector escort through the examination of soil samples.
Effect of adding two levels of Cerotonia Siliqua L. to the diets on the specific qualities of milk and its correlation with some of the vital blood characteristics of local Awaasi lambs.
Authors: Al-Nawass K J , Al-Saady H A
Published: October 2019

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of adding two levels of CerotoniaSiliqua L. powder to the after birth sheep on the specific characteristics of the produced milk and some vital blood characteristics (albumin, glucose and cholesterol) for the mothers and lambs during three periods: the first period (P1) two weeks after birth, the second period (P2) four weeks after birth, the third period (P3) six weeks after birth. The experimental treatments were as follows: The first treatment (A) was used as a comparison treatment (control), the second and third treatment (B and C) were basal diet plus 30 and 60 g/kg of CerotoniaSiliqua L. powder respectively. The obtained results showed that a significant increase in milk quality (protein, lactose and non-fat solids) as well as an increase in some vital blood characteristics of the female ewes (albumins and glucose) were noted. Significantly, cholesterol proportion was decreased when the CerotoniaSiliqua L. powder added to the diets (P1, P2, P3), respectively. However, there was a significant increase in both glucose and cholesterol levels during the three periods.Additionally, a positive relationship between the amount of glucose for the blood of ewes and the glucose of the lamb blood for the three consecutive periods. The decrease percentage of milk lactose on the amount of blood glucose was noted as well as the appearance of a negative relationship between blood cholesterol for ewes and the blood cholesterol of the lambs for period P3. In conclusion, addition of CerotoniaSiliqua L. powder to the diet has improved the quality characteristics of the produced milk in sheep.
The role of rural women in some activities related to the cultivation and service of the tomato crop in Al-Khardaniyah village / Al-Sharqat district
Authors: Shada Juma’a Maha
Published: October 2019

The aim of the research to determine the role of rural women in some activities of the tomato crop in the village of Khardaniya, And then to determine of the relationship between the role of rural women in some activities of the tomato crop and each of the following independent factors: (age, job, social status, number of family members, household income, sources of information) And then determine the size of the problems that faced by rural women in some activities related to the cultivation and service / of the tomato crop.The study included all the rural women who worked in the cultivation and service of the tomato crop in the village of Al-Khardaniya (703), who took a random sample about (8%). in some activities related to The results showed that the general level of the role of rural women the cultivat and service of the tomato crop in the village of Khardaniya is medium tend to high, The results showed a significant correlation between (profession, number of family members, main family income) and rural women’s role is (0.01). The researcher concluded increasing of the role of rural women in this region by informing them about the developments in their field of work: The rural woman faced a number of problems in the cultivation and service of the tomato crop, particularly the high seed prices. The researcher recommends the presence of some agricultural extension workers in the research area to create trust between them and rural women. In order to benefit rural women from their experience in all agricultural aspects, The researcher also recommends that the agricultural equipment company provide the rural woman with seeds from reliable sources at subsidized prices.
Insecticidal and repellent activities of five plant extracts against stored grain pest Tribolium confusum (Jacquelin du duval), 1868 (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae)
Authors: Salim H A , Mahdi M H , Zedan D A , Rosoki B O
Published: October 2019

The present research was carried out at the laboratory of plant pathology, Directorate of Diyala Agriculture during 2017 to evaluate the bioactivity of plant extracts Moringa oleifera, Origanum majorana, Artemisia vulgaris, Trigonella foenum and Syzygium aromaticum with three concentrations 10, 20, and 30 % against adults of Tribolium confusum under laboratory conditions. Two bioassays were conducted, the first to evaluate percentage of mortality and second to evaluate repellency percentage. S. aromaticum was recorded higher percentage of mortality 22.2% at 30% concentration after 3 and 4 days, maximum mortality was observed in A. vulgaris 46.6% and 60% at 10% concentration after 7 and 8 days respectively, whereas the average of mortality for plant extracts was higher in A. vulgaris 37.7% followed by S. aromaticum and T. foenum 33.3% with significant differences from control 0% after 8 days. O. majorana was recorded higher average of repellency percentage 46.6% after 10 minute, maximum of repellency percentage was in S. aromaticum 66.6% at concentration10% whereas average of repellency percentage was higher in S. aromaticum 48.8% and M. oleifera 37.7% after 20 minute, while after 30 minute M. oleifera and O. majorana were recorded heights repellency percentage 73.3% and 66.6% at concentration30% respectively and M. oleifera was superior in the average of repellency percentage reached 51.1%.
Response of two wheat cultivars to inoculation of Bacillus subtilis and Phosphorus fertilizer
Authors: Ali A F , Salim H A , Alsaady M H M
Published: October 2019

A pot experiment was conducted at College of Agriculture, University of Diyala during the season (2017-2018) In order to evaluate the efficiency of Bacillus subtilis plus phosphorus chemical fertilizer on two wheat cultivars (Ala and Audi). A factorial experiment was arranged with three replications of each treatment and two factors, the first include two wheat cultivars, the second factor includes three different levels from bio and chemical fertilizers. Results showed that application of bio fertilizers B. subtilis with a half dose of chemical fertilizer were superior significantly in Plant height and Number of branches 46.98, 65.68 cm and 3.87, 7.71 after 45 and 120 days respectively, Plant fresh weight 39.41 g, Plant dry weight 19.18 g, % Phosphor in plant 0.27% while Bio fertilizer was superior in Number of bacteria from other treatments reached 90.66×106. Ala cultivar was the best in traits of Plant height and Plant dry weight, whereas Audi cultivar was the best in traits of Number of branches, % Phosphor in plant and Number of bacteria.
Using unsupervised classification to determined land cover northren of Ninvah provianec by using Remote sensing Techniques
Authors: Anwar Khalid Khalid
Published: October 2019

The study was conducted in ten calcareous soil locations at Nineveh provenance / northern Iraq depending on three satellite images Landsat 7 TM have been taken in 2005, 2007 and 2010 which calculated the values of vegetation indices (VI, NDVI, SAVI,).These locations are lies between two coordinates Longitude 43°11− 27=, 43°30− 26= E and latitude 36°27 −18=, 36°32 −46= N. In order to determine the role of land uses on pedogenic Properties and then formation and development of calcareous soils. Figure (1). The results of the interpretation of satellite image using unsupervised classification method to the existence of (9) classes in study area for the Land uses. this results of directed with field visit results were merged with each other to the presence of minor differences with the fact where the classes became (6) which it was a best than other classifications, The Results of unsupervised Classification at other locations showed increase in green spaces distribution for the Image captured in 2005 (Class 1), which amounted (49.36) km2, while it was less for (class2) representing grazing land in the same year amounting to (23:30) km2. Then followed by 2010 image which the green space was (31.53) km2, while the class1 amounted (14.39) km2 for the image captured in 2007, but these mentioned recently observed in an increase in the space that represents the land undeveloped for grazing (Class 2) which reached (45.11) km2 table (3).
Influence of the aqueous extract of Tamarix articulata Vahl. leaves on some vegetative growth indicators and medically active substances of Cordia myxa L. Seedlings c.v. Local.
Authors: Zbari Al–Mayahi Manal , Hussein Fayadh Murtadha
Published: October 2019

This study was conducted in the wooden canopy of the Department of Horticulture and Landscape / College of Agriculture / Basra University, during the growing season 2017 – 2018. In order to know the effect of the aqueous extract of Tamarix articulata Vahl. Of concentrations of (0, 50, 100 and 150 g. L−1) on some vegetative growth indicators (plant height, stem diameter, number of leaves per plant, leaf area, fresh weight of foliage and the content of chlorophyll in leaves) and medically active substances (percentage of phenols in the leaves and the quantity of phenols in them) of Cordia myxa L. Seedlings c.v. Local. The results showed that the aqueous extract of Tamarix articulata Vahl. Of (150 g. L– 1), was superior over all other concentrations of this extract, which significantly didn’t differ from its concentration (100 g. L−1) concerning most characteristics studied in this study. Besides, its concentration of (50 g. L-1) was significantly, not different from control treatment concerning most studied characteristics.
The effect of supplementing Allicin or Ginger to fattening Awassi lambs rations on some cellular and biochemical blood parameters with rumen fermentation
Authors: Lazem Jameel S , AL kelabe Ahmed H
Published: October 2019

This research was conducted to investigate the effect of Allicin and Ginger supplementation to the rations of Awassi lambs on some cellular and biochemical blood parameters with ruminal fermentation. A total number of 28 Awassi lambs were used in this experiment, those lambs were divided in to 4 equal groups. The 1st group was used as a control (without any supplement), the 2nd group was supplemented with 3 kg Allicin/ton of feed, the 3rd group was supplemented with Ginger 2 kg/ton of feed, meanwhile the 4th group was supplemented with the append of Allicin 1.5 kg/ton with 1.0 kg/ton of Ginger. The results illustrate a highly significant difference (p< 0.01) in WBCs, RBCs, BCV and Hb as well as blood glucose, cholesterol, urea, triglycerides and the total protein. Additionally, the rumen pH, ammonia nitrogen as well as Total volatile fatty acids were significantly affected due supplementation of Allicin with Ginger during the mid-experiment (45 days) except the triglycerides with total protein which were recorded surpassing during the end of the experiment (90 days). The rumen fermentation was surpassed in groups of lambs which were supplemented with Allicin with Ginger in comparison with the control group during the second aspiration (after 3 hours of morning feeding), the rumen pH was significantly elevated, meanwhile, the ammonia nitrogen and total volatile fatty acids were reduced with advanced age during morning feeding. It was concluded that supplementing of Allicin or Ginger had been affected some blood parameter as well as rumen fermentation due to the utilization of feed supplements which gave a superior animal performance.
The Genetic Parameters Of Several Oats Cultivars Under The Influence Of The Biofertilizer (Humiforte) Spraying
Authors: Abdulhamed Z A , Noaman A H , Mohammed Y A , Abood N M
Published: October 2019

A field experiment was conducted in the fields of the college of Agriculture - University of Anbar (alternative location) during winter seasons in 2015-2016 and 2016-2017. To study the effect of spraying with four concentrations of Humiforte 0, 2, 4 and 6 L.ha−1on growth and yield of four Oats cultivars. The layout of the experiment was split plot design according to RCBD design with three replicates. The results showed the following: The characters of the yield and yield components of oats were studied in terms of performance and variability and calculated the values of genetic and environmental variability and the heterogeneity, phenotypic and inheritance. The highest percentage of genetic variations to the environment 7.2, 10.9 and 13, 7 for the flag leaf area and the number of grains by the raceme in both seasons. the highest percentage of heritability was found in flag leaf area reached 87.8%, 91.60 and the number of grains by the raceme which reached 92.72% and 87.36% in both seasons. The concentration of 6 L.ha−1was superior compared to the other concentrations in plant height, leaf area, number of branches per plant, leaf content of chlorophyll, yield components and grain yield 6.01 and 6.29 ton.ha−1in both seasons respectively. Genzaniya and Hamel cultivars gave the lowest number of days to reach the flowering stage, while Gensaniya cultivar gave the highest plant height, leaf area, chlorophyll leaf content, number of grains by raceme and grain yield 5.47 and 6.48 ton.ha−1in both seasons respectively. However, Shefaa was superior in the weight of 500 grains in both seasons. The interaction between the study factors was significant in most of the studied characters. The treatment of Gensaniya at the concentration of 6 L.ha−1gave the highest grain yield reached 6.86 and 7.22 ton.ha−1in both seasons respectively. We conclude from this results that most components of the crop are more influenced by genetics factors. Therefore, we recommend the adoption of the number of grains per raceme in the assessment of productive capacity of the oats grains.
Kinetin and Cycocel effects on vase life, flower stem anatomical structure and floral stem bending of Carnation plant Dianthus caryophyllus L.
Authors: Abdul Sahib Azhar M , Abbas Kadem I
Published: October 2019

This study was conducted at the department of horticulture –college of agriculture - Basrah university, to investigate the effect of kinetin at 0, 50 and 100 mg/l and/or cycocel at 0,1000 and 2000 mg/l on anatomical structure of flower stem of Carnation plantDianthus caryophyllusL. in a factorial experiment designed with RCBD in the lath house. Plants of eight months old were spread with kinetin and/or treated with cycocel as a soil drainage and results showed that spraying with kinetin at 50 or 100 mg/l led to an increase in the number of cell rows and thickness in xylem and Phloem tissues, and reduced the flower stem bending in vase at both growing seasons. Adding 1000 or 2000mg ccc/l led to an increase in the previous indicators.
Mineralogy of Sand Fraction in Selective Soil Sections in Baghdad City
Authors: AL-jibury Dunya A , Abdalalah Sagban Alabadi Luma , Kattoof Jasim Hasan
Published: October 2019

This study has been undertaken to investigate the mineralogical properties and morphological features of sand fraction in some soils of Baghdad / Iraq.The morphological features of sand fractions were studied by Polarized optical microscope. Results have shown that the grains of these minerals from samples of sands have different colors, those from the surface horizons have dark brownish spots, due to staining by organic matter, and have a yellowish– to yellowish brown spots due to accumulation of Iron oxides.Results of light minerals indicated that quartz is dominant due to effect of parent material of these soils. Two types of opaque minerals (black and brown) are found, whereas the brown opaque minerals were obvious in heavy minerals.Three groups of transparent heavy minerals are found, stable minerals (Pyroxen and Amphibole), metastable minerals (Epidote and Garnet), and Ultra stable minerals (Zircon and Tourmaline).
Study of the dielectric parameters of biological liquids
Authors: Baranov M A , Rozov S V
Published: October 2019

Study of the dielectric parameters of different materials attracts great attention of researchers as these parameters allow knowing various characteristics of different materials and chemical substances. This article presents studies of dielectric loss tangent of albumin protein water solution. Measurements of the frequency dependence of dielectric loss tangent in the range 10–106 Hz were performed. The experimental results showed non-linear frequency dependences of the dielectric loss tangent.