bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
24 h combined esophageal multichannel intraluminal impedance and pH monitoring in children with chronic cough
Authors: Gan Yi , Zhou Xiaoqin , Huang Zhaoxvan , Gao Shan , Wang Guirong , Gu Li , Zhang Di , Yan Lingzhi , Shang Shanshan , Tu Danna , Shu Junhua
Published: May 2023

Background
Chronic cough in children is closely related to gastroesophageal reflux. However, this association has not been adequately studied owing to a lack of diagnostic tools. Combined multichannel intraluminal impedance and pH (MII-pH) monitoring is considered the most accurate method for evaluating the association between symptoms and reflux, but data on its use in children with chronic cough are lacking. We aimed to assess the association between chronic cough and gastroesophageal reflux in children through MII-pH monitoring.
Methods
Children with chronic cough were selected to undergo 24-h MII-pH monitoring at our hospital. Patients were divided into two groups according to their age and reflux index (RI), and the differences between the groups were analyzed.
Results
Overall, 426 patients were included. The median age was 12 months (interquartile range: 6–39.5 months), and 129 patients (30.3%) had RI＞7%. Gastroesophageal reflux predominantly occurred in the upright position andmostly involved weakly acidic reflux and mixed gas-liquid reflux. Impedance reflux events did not show any difference between groups (p＜0.01).
Conclusion
The presence of acid and non-acid reflux in children can be detected through 24 h MII-pH monitoring, which is valuable for diagnosing gastroesophageal reflux disease and reflux-related cough.
Vitreous management in Yamane’s technique for crystalline lens dislocation: anterior vitrectomy or PPV?
Authors: Tang Yong , Yao Shiqi , Chu Yanhua , Han Quanhong
Published: May 2023

Objective
To study the postoperative visual outcomes and surgical complications of anterior/pars plana vitrectomy and concurrent Yamane’s IOL fixation for crystalline lens dislocation.
Methods
53 patients (56 eyes) with crystalline lens subluxation/dislocation were enrolled in this retrospective interventional study. Patients received anterior/pars plana vitrectomy and concurrent Yamane’s IOL fixation. Main outcome measures were postoperative BCVA and surgical complications. Proportion of spontaneous PVD and preoperative undetected retinal holes/degeneration (PURH/D) were recorded.
Results
24 eyes were treated with anterior vitrectomy (Group AnV) and 32 eyes with pars plana vitrectomy (Group PPV). Overall incidence of PURH/D was 10.7% (6/56). Spontaneous PVD occurred in 68.8% (24/32) in Group PPV. During six months follow-up, one case of postoperative RRD and one case of choroidal detachment occurred in Group AnV. There was no significant difference between anterior vitrectomy and PPV in the final BCVA and postoperative complications.
Conclusion
Anterior or pars plana vitrectomy, which are both applicable in YAMANE technique for crystalline lens dislocation, exhibit similar surgical outcomes. Patient’s age, PVD status and PURH helps to determine the route of vitrectomy. Pediatric patients might be potential candidates for transcorneal vitreolensectomy. For adult, PURH managed with total vitrectomy and intraoperative lase retinopexy might be beneficial to decrease the incidence of postoperative RRD.
Fault diagnosis method for unbalance data based on Gramian angular field
Authors: yu ping , Li Rong-bin , Cao student , Qin Jun-hua
Published: May 2023

The commonplace practice in deep learning is to make use of a balanced dataset, whereby the number of fault data is equivalent to that of normal data. However, in the context of real-world applications, the number of fault data is generally insufficient compared to that of normal data. In this study, a new approach for diagnosing faults in unbalanced data sets is proposed using the Gramian Angular Field(GAF) method. Firstly, the Gramian Angular Field (GAF) method is employed to convert one-dimensional data into two-dimensional data, which enhances the feature extraction process. Secondly, to balance the sample distribution, fault data is generated using Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs).Finally, the residual neural network (ResNet) with an attention mechanism is utilized to improve the accuracy of fault diagnosis. The proposed method was experimentally validated using open-source bearing datasets that were published by Case Western Reserve University and the University of Ottawa. The experimental results show that the proposed method has greatly improved fault diagnosis performance in cases of data distribution imbalance, surpassing that of the compared methods.
Strigolactones might regulate ovule development after fertilization in Xanthoceras sorbifolium
Authors: Zhou Qingyuan , Zhou Linyi , Cai Qing
Published: May 2023

Background Strigolactones (SLs) were recently defined as a novel class of plant hormones that act as key regulators of diverse developmental processes and environmental responses. Much research has focused on SL biosynthesis and signaling in roots and shoots, but little is known about whether SLs are produced in early developing seeds and about their roles in ovule development after fertilization. Results The fertilized ovules and early developing pericarp in Xanthoceras sorbifolium produced minute amounts of two strigolactones: 5-deoxystrigol and strigol. Their content decreased in the plants with the addition of exogenous phosphate (Pi) compared to those without Pi treatment. Exogenous application of an SL analog (GR24) and a specific inhibitor of SL biosynthesis (TIS108) affected early seed development and fruit set. We identified a total of 69 putative Xanthoceras homologs of genes related to SL biological synthesis and signaling in the Xanthoceras genome. The expression of these genes in the ovules after fertilization was profiled using RNA-seq, resulting in the identification of 37 genes that were differentially expressed between the normally developing ovules and senescing ovules after fertilization. Transcriptome analysis also revealed that 12 putative invertase genes were actively expressed in normally developing ovules after fertilization. Hexoses (glucose and fructose) accumulated at high concentrations in normally developing ovules during syncytial endosperm development. In contrast, a low ratio of hexose and sucrose levels was detected in senescing ovules with a high strigolactone content. Virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS)-mediated XsD14 gene silencing increased hexose content in fertilized ovules and induced proliferation of endosperm free nuclei, thereby promoting early seed development and fruit set. Conclusion SLs are produced in early developing seeds and may play an important role in regulating ovule development after fertilization. The crosstalk between sugar and strigolactone signals may be an important part of a system that accurately regulates senescence of ovules after fertilization. This study is useful for understanding the mechanisms underlying ovule senescence, which will serve as a guide for genetic or chemical approaches to promote seed yield in Xanthoceras.
Dynamic studies of binary adsorption system in fixed beds
Authors: Olafadehan Olaosebikan Abidoye , Amoo Kehinde Olawale , Oyedeko Kamilu Folorunsho Kayode , Adesina Ayo Joshua
Published: May 2023

In this study, a generalized, comprehensive and feasible mathematical model was developed for the description of the adsorption of multicomponent system in a fixed bed containing solid adsorbent. It took into cognizance of all the factors considered negligible in the literature, which included intraparticle, interparticle and interphase diffusional resistances, conditions of non-equilibrium and non-linear binary adsorption of butan-2-ol and 2-methylbutan-2-ol onto activated carbon. The resulting 4N hyperbolic and parabolic differential equations were numerically solved using orthogonal collocation on finite element method. Excellent agreements were achieved between the experimental data and the simulated results of breakthrough times and concentrations of the solutes in fixed beds of 0.41, 0.82 and 1.23 m. Equally, the observed chromatographic tops of the less strongly adsorbed component (butan-2-ol) and the effects of adsorber length on times of breakthrough of the components and height of peaks were precisely simulated. The results of this study are of beneficial use in the design and analysis of fixed beds employed for the treatment of multicomponent aqueous wastewater effluents from industry.
Multiple mitogenomes indicate Things Fall Apart with Out of Africa or Asia hypotheses for the phylogeographic diversity of Honey Bees (Apis mellifera)
Authors: Carr Steven M
Published: May 2023

Previous morpho-molecular studies of evolutionary relationships within the economically important genus of honey bees (Apis), including the Western Honey Bee (A. mellifera L.), have suggested Out of Africa or Asia origins and subsequent spread to Europe. I test these hypotheses by a meta-analysis of complete mitochondrial DNA coding regions (11.0 Kbp) of 22 nominal subspecies represented by 74 individual sequences of A. mellifera. Parsimony, distance, and likelihood analyses identify six nested clades: Things Fall Apart with Out of Africa or Asia hypotheses. Phylogeographic analysis shows instead a basal origin of A. m. mellifera in Europe ~780 Kya, and extension to Southeast Europe and Asia Minor ~720 Kya. European bees spread southward via a Levantine / Nilotic / Arabian corridor into Africa ~540 Kya. A circum- Mediterranean clade was re-established in Iberia ~100 Kya, and thence back through the Mediterranean islands into North Africa. Paraphyletic anomalies are artefacts of mis-referral in GenBank of sequences to the wrong subspecies, which are clarified by inclusion of multiple individuals from each subspecies. Further errors arise from reliance on faulty sequences and (or) methods of inference. Nominal subspecies within the Asia Minor and Mediterranean clades are less differentiated than are individuals within other subspecies.
Work engagement of healthcare workers in maternal and child health institutions in the post-COVID-19 era: an online cross-sectional study.
Authors: Zhu Hongjin , Long Xin , Cao Limei , Chen Yanqiu
Published: May 2023

In the first wave of infection peak after China officially entered the normalization phase of the COVID-19 pandemic, healthcare workers are facing enormous challenges. This study aims to explore the work engagement and its influencing factors of healthcare workers in maternal and child health institutions in the post-COVID-19 era, as well as possible personal and organizational consequences. In January 2023, an online cross-sectional survey was conducted at maternal and child health institutions in Chongqing, China. Data were collected using the Utrecht Work Engagement Scale (UWES), the Perceived social support scale (PSSS), the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale-21 (DASS-21). Descriptive statistics, t-tests, one-way analyses of variance (ANOVAs), Pearson’s correlation analysis, multiple linear regression analysis and chi-square tests were used to analyze the relationship between variables. Among the 411 healthcare workers, most participants reported moderate and high levels of work engagement. Low and moderate work engagement are more prone to anxiety/depression than high work engagement. The higher the level of work engagement, the higher job satisfaction and the lower turnover intention. Gender was associated with absorption. Employment form was associated with work engagement and its two dimensions (vigor and absorption). Preparedness and perceived social support were positively associated with work engagement and its three dimensions. The results call on hospital management to formulate strategies and measures to increase work engagement by providing a supportive work environment for employees in a high-pressure environment such as the pandemics, thereby ensuring their physical and mental health, retaining and attracting qualified employees, and maintaining the stability of the medical team.
Assessment of the Impact of Climate Change on Soil Moisture Using Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems
Authors: MEGHRAOUI Maamar , Mohamed Regagba
Published: May 2023

Studying the relationship between the Soil Moisture Index (SMI) and climate change is crucial, as it provides insights into the impacts of changing climatic conditions on soil moisture dynamics and hydrological processes. Our main objective in this study is to evaluate soil moisture variations in the El Mefrouche watershed in northwestern Algeria, based on changes in climatic parameters such as precipitation and temperature over a period of five years. To achieve this objective, we will use Landsat 8 satellite.images for each year of the study period. The study uses a Soil Moisture Index (SMI) to analyze satellite images taken on five different dates. The results show that on 02/01/2019, the soil moisture was very high (SMI from 0.8 to 1) covering an area of 309.67 hectares, whereas on 12/30/2017, the soil moisture was very low (SMI from 0.8 to 1) covering only an area of 65.46 hectares. The driest SMI values (0 to 0.2) were recorded on 12/30/2017, covering the largest area of 1809.37 hectares, indicating that the soil was very dry in a large part of the watershed. What is really confirmed after analyzing the climatic data for the cited period.
Development of an early mortality risk prediction model for pediatric hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis
Authors: Tang Zhexuan , Li Xun , Yan Haipeng , Luo Ting , Xie Longlong , Yang Yufan , Tang Minghui , Jiang Xuedan , Huang Jiaotian , Zhang Xinping , Xiao Zhenghui , Lu Xiulan
Published: May 2023

Background Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a rare but life-threatening disease with rapid progressing and high mortality, which is more commonly seen in children. Objective Our goal was to develop a novel model for predicting early mortality risk in pediatric HLH patients using readily accessible parameters and build a nomogram. Methods We conducted a retrospective analysis of 170 pediatric HLH patients diagnosed at Hunan Children's Hospital between March 1, 2017, and March 1, 2022. These patients were split into a training cohort and a validation cohort. Early mortality was defined as 28-day mortality post-diagnosis. A prediction model with nomogram was developed using binary logistic regression analysis in the training cohort. The model underwent internal and external validation using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC), calibration curve, and decision curve analysis (DCA). Results The final prediction model included 11 predictor variables: glutamic-pyruvic transaminase, albumin, globulin, myohemoglobin, creatine kinase, serum potassium, procalcitonin, serum ferritin, the interval between onset and diagnosis, and the interval between admission and diagnosis. The 28-day mortality prediction AUC was 0.957 in the training cohort and 0.929 in the validation cohort. Utilizing the 28-day mortality prediction for estimating 7-day and 14-day mortality, the AUC values were 0.930 and 0.938, respectively. The calibration plot revealed an adequate fit with 1000 bootstrap resampling and the DCA exhibited great net benefit. Conclusion The study constructed a novel prediction model with nomogram in pediatric HLH, which could contribute to rapid assessment early mortality risk after diagnosis with readily available parameters, providing clinical support to identify patients with a poor prognosis and enhancing their prognostic outcomes.
LncRNA GAS5 restrains ISO-induced cardiac fibrosis by targeting miR-217 through regulating SIRT1
Authors: Zhang Yan-hong , Sun Ting-ting , Liu Zhen-huan , LI Xu , Fan Xiao-Fang , Han Liping
Published: May 2023

Aims: Considering the SIRT1 has the effect of improving myocardial fibrosis and GAS5 can inhibit the occurrence and development of myocardial fibrosis at the cellular level, the aim of the present study was to investigate whether LncRNA GAS5 could attenuate cardiac fibrosis through regulating miR-217/SIRT1, and whether the NLRP3 inflammasome activation was involved in this process.
Methods and Results: Isoprenaline (ISO) was given subcutaneously to the male C57BL/6 mice to induce myocardial fibrosis and the AAV9 vectors were randomly injected into the left ventricle of each mouse to overexpress long-chain non-coding RNA GAS5. Primary myocardial fibroblasts (MCFs) derived from neonatal C57BL/6 mice and TGF-β1 was used to induce fibrosis. And the GAS5 overexpressed MCFs were treated with miR-217 mimics and miR-217 inhibitor respectively. Then the assays of expression levels of NLRP3, Caspase-1, IL-1βand SIRT1 were conducted. The Results showed that the overexpression of GAS5 reduced the expression levels of collagen, NLRP3, Capase-1, IL-1β and SIRT1 in ISO treated mice and TGF-β1 treated MCFs. However, this effect was significantly weakened after miR-217 overexpression, but was further enhanced after knockdown of miR-217.
Conclusion: miR-217 down-regulats the expression of SIRT1, then aggravates NLRP3 inflammasome activation-mediated pyroptosis. LncRNA GAS5 alleviates cardiac fibrosis induced by NLRP3 inflammasome activation-mediated pyroptosis via regulating miR-217/SIRT1 pathway. This study provides significant experimental evidence suggesting LncRNA GAS5 to be a potential therapeutic target for cardiac fibrosis and other fibrotic diseases.
Risk factors for hypoactive delirium in patients with non-traumatic ARDS：a prospective, observational study
Authors: Lian Fuyan , li Fei , Tang Xuemei , Yuan Yuan
Published: May 2023

Aims and Objective: To investigate the incidence, characteristics and risk factors for hypoactive delirium in patients with non-traumatic ARDS.Background Hypoactive delirium is a known serious complication in ARDS patients and currently there are no effective early detection models and clinical prediction tools, lack of clinical treatment.Methods The study was conducted with non-traumatic ARDS patients who stayed in the ICU for more than 24 hours and were older than 18 years. 205 ARDS patients admitted to ICU in Gansu Provincial People's Hospital from December 2021 to February 2023 were selected. Demographic, clinical characteristics and laboratory test indicators were collected within 24 h after the patient entered the ICU. A multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to investigate risk factors, at the same times evaluate the clinical prediction effect of the model and draw a Nomogram for visual display.Results The incidence of hypoactive delirium among patients included in the study was 41%. Patients with hypoactive delirium were hypertension, diabetes mellitus, APACHE II score ≥ 15, higher procalcitonin, higher CRP, higher lactic dehydrogenase and higher IL-6 than those without hypoactive delirium. The logistic regression analysis results revealed that diabetes mellitus (OR 3.305, 95% CI: 1.866–12.616; p = 0.047), CRP (OR 1.002, 95% CI: 1.001–1.023; p = 0.044), IL-6 (OR 1.045, 95% CI: 1.017–1.063; p = 0.001) were independent risk factors of hypoactive delirium. After ROC, Calibration plot and Decision Curve Analysis (DCA) confirmed that the clinical prediction of this study model was satisfactory, and a nomogram were drawn for visual display.Conclusions Hypoactive delirium is a common serious complication in non-traumatic ARDS patients. Our logistic regression model not only effectively predicts hypoactive delirium early, but also excavates potential clinical therapeutic targets.
New records of Nanipora aff. kamurai from Akajima and Okinawajima Islands, Okinawa, southern Japan, and a review of the distribution of the genus
Authors: Mironenko Guillermo , Reimer James Davis
Published: May 2023

Nanipora Miyazaki and Reimer, 2015 is a recently described monotypic octocoral genus belonging to the family Helioporidae (class Octocorallia). Nanipora kamurai Miyazaki & Reimer, 2015 was formally described from shallow coral reefs around Zamami Island, within Kerama-shoto National Park, in Okinawa, southern Japan. To date, Nanipora has been reported from two other locations in Japan: N. aff. kamurai from a shallow inner lagoon at Iriomote Island, and N. cf. kamurai from the coral reef surrounding a shallow CO2 vent at Iotorishima Island, both in Okinawa. Additionally, N. cf. kamurai has been reported from two locations outside Japan; in shallow seagrass meadows at Dongsha Atoll in the South China Sea, and on coral reefs at Kho Tao in Thailand. Finally, N. kamurai has been detected in environmental DNA samples from the Rowley Shoals off north western Australia. As a ‘living fossil’ and also apparently common in the low pH environment of Iotorishima I., a clearer understanding of the distribution of the genus should aid in better understanding its ecology. Here, we report three new additional records from the Ryukyu Archipelago where Nanipora colonies were found, resulting in nine total records of Nanipora. However, as Nanipora has been reported as N. kamurai (= azooxanthellate), and as zooxanthellate N. aff. kamurai and N. cf. kamurai across different environments, these findings suggest that the genus Nanipora contains more than one species, and might be a more common and widespread genus across the western Pacific than has been believed until now.
Comparison of equations for eGFR and their predictive ability on postoperative AKI in patients undergoing CABG
Authors: Yin Qi , Shan Lingtong , Zhao Naishi , Sun Yangyang , Pan Yilin , Sun Lin , Dai Huangdong , Han Lixiang , Zhang Yangyang , Liu Xiaoxin , Li Zhi , Xu Tingting
Published: May 2023

Background
Estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) is a recognized and available method for assessing renal functions. Owing to different design purposes and applicable objects, there are different eGFR equations in clinical practice. The aim of this study was to assess the predictive ability of different methods of eGFR for postoperative acute renal injury (AKI) in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG).
Methods
Totally 2557 patients undergoing CABG were included. Their perioperative clinical data were collected retrospectively through the hospital information system. The predictive power of the Cockcroft-Gault equation (CG), the Berlin Initiative Study equation (BIS), the chronic kidney disease epidemiology collaboration equation (CKD-EPI), and the full age spectrum equation (FAS) was validated both in the total cohort and in the elderly (≥ 70 years) according to the applicability of each equation. The predictive power of these equations for postoperative AKI was assessed and compared using the receiver’s operating characteristic curve, the Bland-Altman plot, decision curve analysis, the net reclassification index (NRI) and integrated discrimination improvement (IDI).
Results
Totally 418 (16.35%) patients were diagnosed with post-operative AKI during the hospital stay, but this percentage reached 25.61% in the elderly population. The CG and CKD-EPI equations were suitable for predicting the occurrence of postoperative AKI in the total cohort, and the FAS equation performed the best (area under the curve = 0.757). The BIS, CKD-EPI, and FAS equations performed generally in the elderly population, but were more consistent and again approximately equal in terms of clinical benefit. NRI and IDI showed the FAS equation continued to perform the best in the total cohort.
Conclusions
The FAS equation can predict the occurrence of postoperative AKI after CABG both in the total cohort and in the elderly population. All of these equations have available predictive power in the elderly population.
Clinical trial registration number: ChiCTR2200061191
On the use of tsunami-source data for high-resolution fault imaging of offshore earthquakes
Authors: Kubo Hisahiko , Kubota Tatsuya , Suzuki Wataru , Nakamura Takeshi
Published: May 2023

The source imaging for offshore earthquakes using terrestrial geodetic data has a limited estimation performance due to the low data resolution. One approach to overcome this limitation is the use of seafloor geodetic data. In this study, we focus on tsunami-source data, which is the spatial distribution of vertical crustal displacements above the source area and can be derived from tsunami waveform records. We evaluate how the use of this spatial seafloor geodetic data improves the estimation of a rectangular fault model. Here, the fault model of the 2016 off-Fukushima, Japan, earthquake, which was a shallow intraplate earthquake (Mw7.0), was estimated by three inversions: terrestrial Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) data only, tsunami-source data only, and a combination of the GNSS data and tsunami-source data. A Bayesian inversion approach was used to understand the distribution of the estimated fault parameters and their relationship. The results indicated that the terrestrial GNSS data has a low resolution for the analysis of the offshore earthquake, which resulted in a biased solution with large uncertainty. Conversely, the use of tsunami-source data significantly improved the resolution and reliability of source imaging and reduced the dependency among fault parameters. These results suggested that the high-spatial-resolution information of tsunami source is a powerful tool in source imaging of offshore shallow earthquakes. Moreover, the combined use of the two different geodetic data leads to a more robust estimation of fault parameters. We believe that the use of tsunami-source data is useful, not only for the post-hoc source analysis, but also for estimating an earthquake rupture area just after a large earthquake, where GNSS data are currently used.
Application of density functional theory to study the electronic structure and magnetic behavior of clusters MnPS3 (M=Fe, Co, Ni; n=0~3)
Authors: SONG Jing li , FANG Zhi gang , LIU Li e , WEI Dai xia , YUAN Lin
Published: May 2023

In order to expand the comparative analysis of electronic and magnetic properties of transition metal phosphate materials MPS3, the article selected iron-based transition elements Fe, Co, and Ni as metal atoms M. The configuration design and optimization of cluster MnPS3 were carried out at the calculation level of B3LYP/def2-tzvp using density functional theory, and the optimized configurations were obtained. Analysis of the electronic properties of the optimized configuration reveals thatthe electrons inside the cluster MnPS3 flow from the metal atom M and the non-metal atom P to the non-metal atom S; the S atom is the main site of the electrophilic reaction within the cluster; the electrons inside the metal atom are the main site of the nucleophilic reaction within the cluster; the configurations 2a(2), 2b(2), 3a(4), 3b(3) and 3c(2) have larger mobility of electrons and optimal electronic properties.The analysis of the magnetic properties of the optimized configurations shows that, the magnetic properties of cluster MnPS3 are also determined by the spin motion of α electrons in the p orbital, and the contribution of metal atoms to the magnetic properties of cluster MnPS3 is relatively large; the magnetic properties of configurations 1b(3), 2c(4) and 3a(4) are relatively larger than those of other configurations of the same size.
Investigation of process parameters effects on porosity in SLM process of AlSi10Mg alloys
Authors: MemaranBabakan Ahmad , Davoodi Mohammad , Shafaie Majid , Sarparast Mohsen , Zhang hongyan
Published: May 2023

The laser selective melting (SLM) process is commonly used in additive manufacturing (AM) to produce integrated parts from metallic powder. However, this process can result in porosity in the fabricated components due to gas bubbles or lack of fusion. In a recent study, four different methods (response surface methodology (RSM), artificial neural network (ANN), fuzzy logic (FL), and adaptive-network-based fuzzy inference system (ANFIS)) were employed to predict the correlation between process parameters and porosity levels in AlSi10Mg alloy produced by the SLM process. The ANFIS method was used in this study, which utilizes fuzzy rules and artificial neural networks to predict the impact of process parameters, such as island size, hatch space, scan speed, and laser power on porosity levels. The results showed that the laser power and scan speed had a significant effect on the volume of porosity, while the influence of island size and hatch space was slighter in the SLM process of AlSi10Mg alloy. Furthermore, the ANFIS model demonstrated an excellent fitting parameter with an R2 value of more than 0.99 for the total data and an RMSE of about 0.67 for the output. This result indicates that the ANFIS method is the best model among all the methods tested in accurately predicting the process target. The success of the ANFIS method in this study suggests that it is a robust and reliable technique for predicting porosity levels in the SLM process.
Atypical localization of eczema discriminates DOCK8 or STAT3 deficiencies from atopic dermatitis
Authors: Kasap Nurhan , Kara Altan , Celik Velat , Eltan Sevgi Bilgic , Haci Idil Akay , Kose Hulya , Aygun Ayse , Akkelle Emre , Yakici Nalan , Guner Sukru Nail , Reisli Ismail , Keles Sevgi , Cekic Sukru , Kilic Sara Sebnem , Karaca Neslihan Edeer , Gulez Nesrin , Genel Ferah , Ozen Ahmet , Yucelten Ayse Deniz , Aydiner Elif Karakoc , Schmitz-Abe Klaus , Baris Safa
Published: May 2023

Purpose: Autosomal recessive dedicator of cytokinesis 8 (DOCK8-/-) and autosomal dominant signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3+/-) deficiencies are inborn errors of immunity (IEI) disorders present with the classic features of eczema and create a dilemma during differentiation from atopic dermatitis (AD). Therefore, an appropriate approach is required for eczema to diagnose DOCK8-/- and STAT3+/- early. Here, we described a set of clinical and immunological variables, including atypical AD localizations and lymphocyte subsets, to differentiate DOCK8-/- or STAT3+/- from AD.
Methods: This multicenter study involved 100 patients with DOCK8-/- and STAT3+/- and moderate/severe AD. We recruited disease manifestations, including detailed localizations of eczema, infections, and allergy. Principle Component analysis (PCA) was used to discriminate DOCK8-/- or STAT3+/- from AD.
Results: There were 43 patients with DOCK8-/-, 23 with STAT3+/-, and 34 with AD. Pneumonia, severe infections, mucocutaneous candidiasis, and skin abscesses were commonly observed in DOCK8 and STAT3 deficiencies. Atypical skin involvement with neonatal rash, retro auricular, axillary, sacral, and genital eczema discriminate DOCK8-/- and STAT3+/- from AD with high specificity ranges between 73.5 and 94.1% and positive predictive index ranges between 55 and 93.1%. Together with using absolute numbers of CD3+, CD4+, and CD8+ T cells, the combined clinical and laboratory features showed perfect differentiation between DOCK8-/- or STAT3+/- and AD via PCA.
Conclusions: The described features can be easily implemented by physicians providing early diagnosis of DOCK8 and STAT3 deficiencies.
Reducing artifactual somatic variant calls from formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded specimens by using DEEPOMICS® FFPE, a bioinformatic approach based on deep neural networks
Authors: Heo Dong-hyuk , Kim Inyoung , Seo Heejae , Kim Seong-Gwang , Kim Minji , Park Jiin , Park Hongsil , Kang Seungmo , Paik Soonmyung , Hong Seong-Eui
Published: May 2023

Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue specimens are routinely used in pathological diagnosis, but their large number of artifactual mutations complicate the evaluation of companion diagnostics and analysis of next-generation sequencing data. Identification of variants with low allele frequencies is challenging because existing FFPE filtering tools label all low-frequency variants as artifacts. To address this problem, we aimed to develop DEEPOMICS® FFPE, an AI model that can classify a true variant from an artifact. Paired exome genome sequencing data from fresh frozen and FFPE samples from 24 tumors were obtained from public sources and used as training and validation sets at a ratio of 7:3. A deep neural network model with three hidden layers was trained with input features using outputs of the MuTect2 caller. Contributing features were identified using the SHapley Additive exPlanations algorithm and optimized based on training results. The performance of the final model (DEEPOMICS® FFPE) was compared with those of existing models (MuTect filter, FFPolish, and SOBDetector) by using well-defined test datasets. We found 43 discriminating properties for FFPE artifacts. Optimization of property quantification improved the model performance. DEEPOMICS® FFPE removed 99.6% of artifacts while maintaining 85.2% of true variants, with an F1-score of 87.8 in the dataset not used for training, which is significantly higher than those of existing tools. Its performance was maintained even for low-allele-fraction variants with an specificity of 0.998, suggesting that it can be used to identify subclonal variants. Different from existing methods, DEEPOMICS® FFPE identified most of the sequencing artifacts in the FFPE samples while retaining more of true variants, including those of low allele frequencies. The newly developed tool DEEPOMICS® FFPE may be useful in designing capture panels for personalized circulating tumor DNA assay and identifying candidate neoepitopes for personalized vaccine design. DEEPOMICS® FFPE is freely available on the web for academic use ().
Incidence of anti-platelet factor4/polyanionic antibodies, thrombocytopenia, and thrombosis after COVID-19 vaccination with ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 in Thais
Authors: Boonyawat Kochawan , Mmt Tichayapa Phojanasenee , Noikongdee Phichchapha , Mmt Pornnapa Police , Chantrathammachart Pichika , Niparuck Pimjai , Puavilai Teeraya , Phuphuakrat Angsana , Angchaisuksiri Pantep
Published: May 2023

Background
The prevalence of anti-platelet factor 4 (PF4)/polyanionic antibodies occurring after vaccination with ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 is low. Most of these antibodies are not associated with vaccine-induced thrombotic thrombocytopenia. It remains unknown whether these antibodies are preexisting or occur as a result of vaccination. In this study, we demonstrated the incidence of anti-PF4/polyanionic antibodies, thrombocytopenia, and thrombosis after vaccination with ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 in a large cohort of Thais.
Methods
We conducted a prospective study in a cohort of health care workers and members of the general population who received COVID-19 vaccination with ChAdOx1 nCoV-19. Blood collection for complete blood count, D-dimer, and anti-PF4/polyanionic antibodies was performed before vaccination (day 0), day 10, and day 28 after vaccination. Anti-PF4/polyanionic antibodies were detected using enzyme-link immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Functional assay was performed for all positive ELISA tests.
Results
A total of 720 participants were included in the study. 214 participants received both the first and second doses, 91 participants received only the first, 51 received only the second, and 364 received the third booster dose of ChAdOx1 nCoV-19. Median age was 42 years (IQR, 34–53). 67% of participants were female. Three participants developed seroconversion, yielding an incidence of vaccination-induced anti-PF4/polyanionic antibodies of 0.42% (95% confidence interval 0.08, 1.23). Fourteen (1.9%) participants had preexisting anti-PF4/polyanionic antibodies before the vaccination but their optical density of anti-PF4/polyanionic antibodies did not significantly increase over time. None of the anti-PF4/polyanionic positive sera induced platelet aggregation. Abnormal D-dimer levels following vaccination were not different among the positive and negative anti-PF4/polyanionic groups (11.8% vs 13.2%, p = 0.86). Thrombocytopenia occurred in one person with negative anti-PF4/polyanionic antibodies. No clinical thrombosis or bleeding occurred.
Conclusion
We found a low incidence of seroconversion of anti-PF4/polyanionic antibodies after vaccination with ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 in Thais. Most of the anti-PF4/polyanionic antibodies were preexisting and did not significantly increase after vaccination with ChAdOx1 nCoV-19. Following vaccination, some participants with anti-PF4/polyanionic antibodies had elevated D-dimer levels, while only one developed thrombocytopenia and no thrombotic events were observed.
Intestinal microbiota is a key target for load swimming to improve anxiety behavior and muscle strength in Shank3-/- rats
Authors: An Shasha , Zhen Zhiping , Wang Shijiao , Sang Mingze , Zhang Shuai
Published: May 2023

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by social disorder and stereotypical behavior, and its incidence rate is increasing year by year. Early treatment is considered to be a critical period for the prognosis of young children with ASD. Swimming, due to its comfort, is often used to develop the enthusiasm of young children for activities, and has a good effect in the treatment of ASD, But its effective path to be reported. The intestinal microbiota of ASD patients and animal models has been reported to be different from those of healthy controls, and these changes may affect the brain environment. Therefore, whether the intestinal microbiota is involved in the treatment of ASD by early swimming is our concern. In this study, we conducted 8-day old Shank3 gene knockout rats with early load swimming training for 8 weeks, and conducted behavioral, small intestine morphology, and intestinal content sequencing after training. The results showed that early load swimming significantly reduced the stereotyped and anxious behaviors of Shank3−/− rats, increased their muscle strength, increased the length of intestinal villi and the width of muscular layer after Shank3 knockout, and affected the abundance of intestinal microorganisms, the abundances with statistical significance are Lactobacillus, Lachnospiraceae, Alloprevotella. In order to further confirm the role of intestinal microorganisms in it, we designed a 14 day intestinal stool transplantation experiment. Fecal microbiota transplantation concluded that load swimming can significantly reduce the anxiety behavior of Shank3 rats, increase their muscle strength, change the structure of the small intestine, and affect the abundance of intestinal contents, The abundance of Epsilonbateraeota, Prevotella, and Bacteroides significantly changed after transplantation. Our findings confirm the possibility of early load swimming therapy for ASD and explain that intestinal microbiota is a key pathway for early exercise therapy for ASD.
Caffeic acid, a dietary polyphenol pre-sensitizes PDAC to chemotherapeutic drug
Authors: Gupta Shruti , Tak Harshita , Rathore Khushhal , Banavath Hemanth Naick , Tejavath Kiran Kumar
Published: May 2023

Purpose: Resistance to chemotherapeutics is an eminent cause which leads for search of options that help in diminution of Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma (PDAC) by overcoming resistance issues. Caffeic acid (CFA), a polyphenol occurring in many dietary foods is known to show anti-diabetic and anticancer properties potential.Methods: To unveil effect of CFA on PDAC we carried out this research in PDAC cells, following which we checked combination effect of CFA and chemotherapeutics and pre-sensitization effects of CFA. Multitudinous web-based approaches were applied for identifying CFA targets in PDAC and then getting their interconnections.Results and conclusions: Subsequently, we manifested CFA affects by in-vitro analysis showing IC50 concentrations of 37.37µM and 15.06µM on Panc-1 and Mia-PaCa-2 respectively. Combination index of CFA with different drugs was explored that gave no significant results leading to further investigate pre-sensitizing effects. CFA pre-sensitization reduced IC50 concentration of doxorubicin in both PDAC cell lines which also triggered ROS generation determined by DCFH-DA assay. Gene expression analysis revealed that CFA acts differently on both cell lines and triggers distinct signalling to overcome resistance. Collectively, this study investigated role of CFA as PDAC therapeutics and explored mechanism in mitigating resistance of PDAC by sensitizing to chemotherapeutics.
The Impact of Remote Work on Employee Productivity and Well-being: A Comparative Study of Pre- and Post-COVID-19 Era
Authors: S Sivaprakash J , M Venkatesh
Published: May 2023

The abrupt change towards remote work brought on by the COVID-19 pandemic has had a tremendous impact on how employees work and their well-being. By contrasting the pre- and post-COVID-19 eras, this study seeks to understand the effects of distant work on worker productivity and wellbeing. The study will be carried out utilising a mixed-methods approach with a sample of employees working remotely in various organisations, including surveys, interviews, and focus groups. The study's first portion will examine the effects of remote work on employee productivity by contrasting pre-COVID-19 and post-COVID-19 levels of productivity. The study will look into the variables like technological accessibility, work-life balance, and degree of supervision that may have contributed to the change in productivity. The effect of remote work on employee well-being will be looked at in more detail in the study's second portion. The study will look into how working remotely affects employees' stress levels, social connections, and mental health. The results of this study will give organisations information about the effects of remote work on worker productivity and wellbeing that they can use to enhance their policies and procedures around remote work. The study will add to the body of knowledge already available on remote work and offer advice to organisations on how to improve its efficacy and foster employee wellbeing. In the end, the study will assist businesses in understanding the advantages and difficulties of remote employment.
New insight of chemical constituents in Persea americana fruit against obesity via data-driven analysis
Authors: Oh Ki-Kwang , Yoon Sang-Jun , Lee Su-Been , Lee Sang Youn , Gupta Haripriya , Ganesan Raja , Sharma Satya Priya , Won Sung-Min , Jeong Jin-Ju , Kim Dong Joon , Suk Ki-Tae
Published: May 2023

Background: Persea americana fruit (PAF) is a favorable nutraceutical resource that comprises diverse unsaturated fatty acids. Unsaturated fatty acids are significant in dietary supplementation, as they relieve metabolic disorders, including obesity (OB). Unquestionably, a plethora of natural plants contain fatty acids found in PAF. This study focused on the anti-OB efficacy of the non-fatty acids in PAF using a network pharmacology approach.
Results: A total of 41 chemical compounds in PAF were identified by NPASS and other reports. All 41 compounds conformed to Lipinski’s rule, and 52 intersecting targets were selected from the SEA and STP databases. Finally, 31 overlapping targets were selected from the 52 intersecting targets and OB-related targets (3028), which were considered as key proteins against OB, including AKT1 as the uppermost key target. On the bubble chart, the PPAR signaling pathway had the highest rich factor and its modulation was determined as the key mechanism, suggesting that this pathway may have an agonistic function in treating OB. The PFA-signaling pathways-targets-compounds (PSTC) network showed that AKT1 had the greatest degree value. The MDA results showed that AKT1-γ-tocopherol, PPARA-fucosterol, PPARD-stigmasterol, PPARG-fucosterol, NR1H3-campesterol, and ILK-α-tocopherol formed the most stable complexes. These five key compounds were nontoxic, and could be developed as new antagonists to alleviate OB.
Conclusions: In summary, this study suggests that the non-fatty acids in PAF might play central roles in OB. Notably, alpha-tocopherol, gamma-tocopherol, fucosterol, stigmasterol, and campesterol might be key players in the activation on PPAR signaling pathway. However, the results of this study should be further investigated to determine the therapeutic value of these compounds.
Research on a novel non-uniform and asymmetric ultrasonic vibration system and Machined surface characteristics
Authors: Zhao Chongyang , Wang Zhenzhou , Wang Xiaobo , Han Jishan , Zhao Bo
Published: May 2023

A new type of non-uniform and asymmetric ultrasonic vibration system is proposed and applied to the turning process. The research results show that the design theory of the non-uniform and non-symmetric ultrasonic vibration system is accurate and reliable. The designed non-uniform and non-symmetric ultrasonic vibration system has excellent vibration performance and stability, and the established simulation model can predict surface microstructure accurately. The vibration mode output by the non-uniform and non-symmetric ultrasonic vibration system is longitudinal-bending vibration, and the actual vibration performance is excellent. Compared with conventional cutting, the addition of longitudinal-bending ultrasonic vibration under the same conditions can give the machined surface a microscopic texture structure, reduce surface roughness and water contact angle, and improve the surface wettability. The orthogonal experiment results show that there is a correlation between the machining parameters, surface micro-structure parameters, surface wettability, and surface roughness.
Optimization of ultrasonic assisted ethanol extraction of polyphenols from Phyllanthus emblica by Response Surface Methodology
Authors: Wu Yali , Zhang Wei , Guo Lida , Zhang Suqing , Liang Shizhong
Published: May 2023

Polyphenols are indispensable as the main antioxidant substances of P. embaldii. This experiment applied ultrasonic assisted the emblic leafflower fruit polyphenol was extracted with ethanol, and using the response surface method to optimize the extraction results improved, to obtain the parameters of the excellent conditions, mainly for the drying temperature of 80 ℃ emblic leafflower fruit pulp, 60% of the alcohol concentration, solid-liquid ratio, ultrasonic extraction time is 24 min and all the sons of required temperature 45 ℃ of ultrasound. Under the experimental conditions, the yield of polyphenols obtained from P. emballiae was 10.40%, which was almost the same as the ideal prediction value of 10.39%. The established regression model has a good fitting degree.
Using Ribonucleoprotein-based CRISPR/Cas9 to edit single nucleotide on human induced pluripotent stem cells to model type 3 long QT syndrome (SCN5A+/-)
Authors: Ge Ning , Liu Min , Li Rui , Allen Nicholas M. , Galvin Joseph , Shen Sanbing , O'Brien Timothy , Prendiville Terence
Published: May 2023

Human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) have been widely used in cardiac disease modelling, drug discovery, and regenerative medicine as they can be differentiated into patient-specific cardiomyocytes. Long QT syndrome type 3 (LQT3) is one of the more malignant congenital long QT syndrome (LQTS) variants with an SCN5A gain-of-function effect on the gated sodium channel. Moreover, the predominant pathogenic variants in LQTS genes are single nucleotide substitutions (missense) and small insertion/deletions (INDEL). CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing has been utilised to create isogenic hiPSCs to control for an identical genetic background and to isolate the pathogenicity of a single nucleotide change. In this study, we described an optimized and rapid protocol to introduce a heterozygous LQT3-specific variant into healthy control hiPSCs using ribonucleoprotein (RNP) and single-stranded oligonucleotide (ssODN). Based on this protocol, we successfully screened hiPSCs carrying a heterozygous LQT3 pathogenic variant (SCN5A+/-) with high efficiency (6 out of 69) and confirmed no off-target effect, normal karyotype, high alkaline phosphatase activity, unaffected pluripotency, and in vitro embryonic body formation capacity within 2 weeks. In addition, we also provide protocols to robustly differentiate hiPSCs into cardiomyocytes and evaluate the electrophysiological characteristics using Multi-electrode Array. This protocol is also applicable to introduce and/or correct other disease-specific variants into hiPSCs for future pharmacological screening and gene therapeutic development.