bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Lights on the synthesis of surfactant-free colloidal gold nanoparticles in alcohol and water mixtures
Authors: Røjkjær Rasmussen Ditte , Lock Nina , Quinson Jonathan
Published: November 2023

Surfactant-free syntheses of colloidal nanomaterials present several potential benefits for various applications, e.g. in catalysis or medicine. However, controlled colloidal syntheses of metal nanoparticles obtained by the reduction of a precursor in a low viscosity liquid phase without surfactants remain scarce. Here, the features of a room temperature synthesis of gold (Au) nanoparticles (NPs) using only HAuCl4 as gold precursor, alkaline water as solvent, and an alcohol as precursor of the reducing agents, are exploited to develop synthetic approaches compatible with the principles of Green Chemistry. To minimise the amount of chemicals needed and achieve the smallest Au NPs, the co-influences of the nature of the alcohol (ethanol, ethylene glycol, glycerol), the alcohol content (10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 80 and 99 v.%), the base content (Base/Au molar ratios of 3, 4, 5 and 10) and the nature of the base (LiOH, NaOH, KOH) are investigated in a unified parametric study. The optimal conditions to obtain small size nanomaterials are 20 v.% ethanol and a Base/Au molar ratio of 4 using NaOH as base for 0.5 mM HAuCl4. Second, it is shown that experiments performed without base, although they do not lead to stable colloids, can help identifying the most promising alcohols and alcohol contents to use. Third, it is established that higher temperatures (from room temperature to 50 °C) have little desirable effects on the size control of the Au NPs for ethanol-mediated syntheses. Fourth, the influence of lights with defined wavelengths in the range 222-690 nm on the formation of Au NPs is investigated. Lights with lower wavelengths favour the formation of smaller NPs. Fifth, using time resolved UV-vis studies it is established that the formation of small NPs is related to conditions favouring the rapid formation of the NPs, and different formation pathways are at stake when different alcohols and lights with different wavelengths are used. Overall, the sensitivity of the synthesis to these parameters increases in the order glycerol < ethylene glycol < ethanol < methanol. The results identify the pros and cons in selecting different alcohols and provide critical insights to achieve a fine size control, more reproducible and scalable syntheses. It is also shown than a certain degree of shape control can be achieved. The results obtained over more than 1000 experiments pave the way to high throughput screening of large parametric spaces and new approaches for a rational size and shape control in surfactant-free colloidal syntheses of NPs.
Quantum Dynamical Averaging Over an Ensemble of Molecular Orientations by a Singular Value Decomposition of the Density Matrix
Authors: Cardosa-Gutierrez Manuel , Levine Raphael D. , Remacle Francoise
Published: November 2023

We report a robust and compact methodology for averaging quantum photoexcitation dynamics over the initial orientations of the molecules with respect to an ultrashort light pulse. We use singular value decomposition of the density matrix of the excited molecules which allows identifying the few dominant principal molecular orientations with respect to the polarization direction of the electric field. The massive compaction of the density matrix of the ensemble of randomly oriented pumped molecules enables a most efficient fully quantum mechanical time propagation scheme. Two examples are discussed for the quantum dynamics of the LiH molecule in the manifolds of its electronically excited Sigma and Pi states.
Characteristic nano thicknesses of pure heptane and hexadecane liquids: the boundary between the microscopic and macroscopic liquid worlds
Authors: Wang Fei , Yuan Bingyao , Zhang Wen , Chen feiwu
Published: November 2023

How to find the boundary between microscopic and macroscopic worlds is always of great interest. Studies indicate that such a boundary may be in existence but has never been found so far. Here we find that there exists the smallest thickness of bulk layer at nano scale for pure heptane and hexadecane liquids. The characteristic nano thickness (CNT) defined as the sum of thickness of surface layer and the smallest thickness of bulk layer is thus the smallest thickness of macroscopic liquid. If their thicknesses are less than their CNTs, heptane and hexadecane liquids are no longer in the form of macroscopic liquid but in a state of microscopic world. Thus, the size of CNT defines the boundary between microscopic and macroscopic liquids. This is the most significant finding in present study. The CNTs of pure heptane and hexadecane liquids have been determined. We also find that the phase transition of heptane and hexadecane liquids from bulk to surface is exothermic. The transition heats per square meters are less than -0.017 J/m2.
Visualization of conformational transition of GRP94 in solution
Authors: Sun Shangwu , Zhu Rui , Zhu Mengyao , Wang Qi , Li Na , Yang Bei
Published: November 2023

GRP94, an ER paralog of the heat-shock protein 90 family, binds and hydrolyses ATP to chaperone the folding and maturation of its selected clients. Compared with other hsp90 proteins, the in-solution conformational dynamics of GRP94 along the ATP hydrolysis cycle are less understood, hindering our understanding of its chaperoning mechanism. Leveraging small-angle X-ray scattering, negative-staining EM, and hydrogen–deuterium exchange coupled mass-spec, here we show that in its apo form, ∼60% of mouse GRP94 (mGRP94) populates an “extended” conformation, whereas the rest exist in either “close V” or “twist V” like “compact” conformations. Different from other hsp90 proteins, the presence of AMPPNP only impacts the relative abundance of the two compact conformations, rather than shifting the equilibrium between the “extended” and “compact” conformations of mGRP94. HDX-MS study of apo, AMPPNP-bound, and ADP-bound mGRP94 suggests a conformational transition from “twist V” to “close V” upon ATP binding and a back transition from “close V” to “twist V” upon ATP hydrolysis. These results illustrate the dissimilarities of GRP94 in conformation transition during ATP hydrolysis from other hsp90 paralogs.
PD-L1 regulates inflammatory programs of macrophages from human pluripotent stem cells
Authors: Cao Handi , Xiang Yang , Zhang Shihui , Chao Yiming , Guo Jilong , Aurich Theo , Ho Joshua WK , Huang Yuanhua , Liu Pentao , Sugimura Ryohichi
Published: November 2023

Programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) serves as a pivotal immune checkpoint in both the innate and adaptive immune systems. PD-L1 is expressed in macrophages in response to IFNγ. We examined whether PD-L1 might regulate macrophage development. We established PD-L1 KO (CD274-/-) human pluripotent stem cells and differentiated them into macrophages and observed a 60% reduction in CD11B+CD45+macrophages inCD274-/-; this was orthogonally verified, with the PD-L1 inhibitor BMS-1166 reducing macrophages to the same fold. Single-cell RNA sequencing further confirmed the down-regulation of the macrophage-defining transcription factorsSPI1andMAFB. Furthermore,CD274-/-macrophages reduced the level of inflammatory signals such as NF-κB and TNF, and chemokine secretion of the CXCL and CCL families. Anti-inflammatory TGF-β was up-regulated. Finally, we identified thatCD274-/-macrophages significantly down-regulated interferon-stimulated genes despite the presence of IFNγ in the differentiation media. These data suggest that PD-L1 regulates inflammatory programs of macrophages from human pluripotent stem cells.
The Effects of the Federal Reserve Chair’s Testimony on Interest Rates and Stock Prices
Authors: Gordon Matthew V. , Lunsford Kurt G.
Published: November 2023

We study how congressional testimony about monetary policy by the Chair of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System affects interest rates and stock prices. First, we study testimony associated with the Federal Reserve’s Monetary Policy Reports (MPRs) to Congress. Testimony for a particular MPR is usually given on two days, one day for each chamber of Congress. We separately study the first day and second day of MPR testimony. We also study testimonies not associated with MPRs but that are still related to monetary policy. We find that first-day MPR testimonies cause the largest movements in interest rates and generate negative co-movement between interest rates and stock prices. Testimonies not associated with MPRs have similar but weaker effects. Second-day MPR testimonies cause the smallest movements in interest rates and generate no co-movement between interest rates and stock prices.
Türkiye’deki Amphidium (Amphidiaceae) Türleri Üzerine Notlar
Authors: BATAN Nevzat , ERATA Hüseyin
Published: November 2023

Bu çalışmada, Türkiye’den daha önce kaydı verilmiş olan Amphidium cinsine ait Amphidium lapponicum ve Amphidium mougeotii türleri herbaryum örnekleri üzerinden morfolojik olarak incelenmiştir ve resimlenmiştir. Türlerin Türkiye’deki güncel durumu, detaylı tanımı, türler için teşhis anahtarı, ekolojisi ve Türkiye dağılımı detaylı olarak verilmiştir.
The Kosovo Crisis as a Destabilizing Factor of European Security
Authors: Vovchuk Liudmyla
Published: November 2023

The Republic of Kosovo is a kind of “node” of problems not only in the Balkans, but in Europe in general. The recognition of Kosovo’s independence laid the groundwork for the destabilization of European security. Today, Kosovo is recognized mainly by the democratic states of the world. These are the countries that currently support Ukraine. In the non-support camp are Serbia, Russia and its few allies such as Belarus, as well as China with its satellites. Although the Kosovo problem is not so clear. Among the countries that do not recognize Kosovo are a number of states (Spain, Romania, Greece, Slovakia), which are wary of the fact that the “Kosovo precedent” may contribute to separatist movements and create problems for them.

15 years have passed since the declaration of independence of Kosovo. However, Belgrade and Pristina function from crisis to crisis. Recently, the usual crises have become somewhat more intense and have made the world talk about the possibility of another war in Europe. Today, the geopolitical consequences of Kosovo’s declaration of independence look quite pessimistic. The representatives of the EU and the USA, understanding the consequences of their actions, are trying to resolve this conflict at any cost in order to demonstrate to the whole world that the situation is under control. Currently exerting pressure specifically on the government of Pristina, these actors are trying to finally achieve full political normalization between Kosovo and Belgrade so that there are no further ethnic tensions in the region and a constant aggravation of the situation in the north of the self-proclaimed republic. Time will tell whether it will give significant results. However, it is possible to at least reduce the tension between Serbia and Kosovo by weakening the manipulative actions on the relations of these countries by Russia.

Funding. The work was supported by the European Commision under the Jean Monnet Module «The European Union’s Common Security and Defence Policy: challenges related to the War in Ukraine» (ESEDEP), № 101127823 — ESEDEP — ERASMUS-JMO-2023-HEI-TCH-RSCH.
Features of the Transformation of the EU’s Foreign Policy Behavior Paradigm After a Full-Scale Russian Invasion of Ukraine
Authors: Hutsaliuk Valeriia
Published: November 2023

Russia’s full-scale military invasion of Ukraine, which began on February 24, 2022, has put on the agenda the question of consolidating the international community’s efforts in order to oppose Russian aggression in Europe and create conditions for preventing armed confrontations in the future. Without exaggeration, it can be stated that the European Union plays a special role in creating a system of collective repulsion of the aggressor and ensuring its effective functioning. Its unprecedented “geopolitical awakening” in response to another Russian aggression against Ukraine has immediately become the subject of numerous scientific investigations by foreign and domestic experts. In addition, the change in the behavioral logic used by the EU in defending the territorial integrity and sovereignty of Ukraine between 2014, when the Russian Federation’s armed invasion of Crimea took place, and the events of February 2022 has not gone unnoticed by scholars.

The article analyzes the main behavioral models of foreign policy actors and also makes the assumption that Russia’s full-scale military offensive against Ukraine, which destroyed the established European security architecture, has led to the transformation of the behavioral paradigm of the EU, which is primarily seen in the change of its foreign policy goals. The conducted analysis of the EU’s behavioral logic confirmed the assumption and allowed us to conclude that before the invasion, the bloc acted as an actor pursuing a policy of the status quo, but after – its role changed to a normative one.
Інформаційні війни і кібервійни КНР
Authors: Rura Oleksandra , Shynkaruk Nataliia
Published: November 2023

У статті розкрито особливості ведення інформаційних та кібервійн КНР. Китайські офіційні ЗМІ просувають російські наративни стосовно агресії проти України. Офіційно не підтримуючи бік РФ у війні, КНР проводить дезінформаційні атаки у соціальних мережах, враховуючи блокування російських медіа ресурсів. Співпраця Китаю із Росією у інформаційній війні спрямована на формування позитивного образу Путіна і його режиму у війні, а також дискредитація колективного Заходу та України серед китайського населення, а також іноземних споживачів нових медіа.

У військовому вимірі інтерес Китаю до інформаційної війни почався після перемоги США у війні в Перській затоці (1990-1991 рр.). Успіх США став результатом інформаційних технологій і тотального домінування, яке вони змогли забезпечити у бойовому просторі. З цього моменту НВАК почала серйозно інвестувати і розробляти власні концепції інформаційної війни. Операції стратегічного впливу Китаю все частіше націлені на Європейський Союз, особливо на країни Центрально-Східної Європи. Найбільшою жертвою Китайської народної республіки у здійсненні інформаційної війни є Тайвань. Тайвань катастрофічно вразливий до китайської кіберагресії. Китайська доктрина закликає до широкого використання кіберзасобів при підготовці, виконанні і ліквідації наслідків військових дій проти острова. Ці операції вже тривають і будуть набувати популярності та посилення агресії в міру ескалації напруженості в Тайванській протоці, включаючи можливі напади. Російсько-українська війна стала гарною нагодою для здійснення кібератак КНР проти Тайваню, що покликана деморалізувати тайванців та схилити їх до добровільного об’єднання з материковим Китаєм. Російське вторгнення в Україну мало стати прикладом небажання та неспроможності США підтримати своїх союзників під час збройних конфліктів. Для Європи та США інформаційна атака на острів мала стати відволікаючим фактором від російських військових злочинів в Україні, а також актом залякуванням новою війною.
QUALITY OF HIGHER EDUCATION: RESEARCH CONCEPTS AND SCIENTIFIC APPROACHES
Authors: Stoika Olesia
Published: November 2023

This article is dedicated to defining the concept of the quality of education, particularly higher education, within the context of various research concepts. It emphasizes that the quality of higher education is a complex, multidimensional, and multi-level phenomenon with a comprehensive and systemic nature. The article explores three main research concepts: socially and historically determined quality of education, subjective perception as a value depending on stakeholders' understanding, and education quality as a systemic object of managerial influence. It highlights that the quality of higher education is ensured by several key parameters: the quality of the teaching staff, the quality of teaching (implementation of cutting-edge technologies by academic staff in the professional training process), the state of material and technical infrastructure, laboratory equipment of higher education institutions, and financial support. The article analyzes regulatory and strategic declarative documents of the European Union and the European Higher Education Area, as well as strategic and legal acts of Ukraine. It establishes that the issue of education quality is evolving and improving within the framework of adopting and implementing a series of documents in the European Educational Area. It underscores that education quality is a national priority and a prerequisite for the national security of the state, complying with international norms and the requirements of Ukrainian legislation regarding citizens' right to education. The article emphasizes that contemporary civilization and national challenges of the 21st century necessitate the search for new methodological approaches to enhancing the quality of higher education, including its digitization.
DEATH PENALTIES OF PRINCESS OLGA. “THREEFOLD DEATH” AND TRANSFORMATION OF CULT PARADIGMS
Authors:   Institute of Slavic Studies, Petrukhin Vladimir Ya. ,   HSE University
Published: November 2023

There are no pre-Christian descriptions of the afterlife and wanderings to the “other world” in the Old Russian tradition. Of particular importance for the understanding of these ideas are the traditions of the Initial Chronicle (Tale of Bygone Years) – “Stories about the first Russian princes” (“Varangian sagas” in the terminology of A. Stender-Petersen). The most lengthy text of the ““Death penalties” is a description of the massacre of the Drevlyans the murderers of her husband Igor, by Princess Olga. The massacre includes three episodes: the burying of the Drevlyan ambassadors in the boat, the burning in the “bath”, the extermination with weapons of the remaining Drevlyans, who drank on the Igor’s trizna. Olga’s “death penalties” are transmitted by the chronicle in accordance with traditional cult paradigms: “rites of passage” – wedding and funerary. All three motifs (burial, cremation, death from weapons) correlate with the mythoepic traditions of Northern Europe (Old Irish and Scandinavian – Old Icelandic), but rather reflect not the three functions of Dumezil, connected with mythological cosmology, but the legend of the establishment of the nontribal state order in the Russian land after the tribal uprising of the Drevlyans.
FIRST INDEX OF CHINESE TALES (1876)
Authors:   Institute of Oriental Studies, Russian Academy of Sciences, Starostina Aglaya B.
Published: November 2023

The article examines the sources and specifics of the first attempt at a systematic description of Chinese folklore for comparative purposes. The index of Chinese folk tales in the 12th chapter of NB Dennis’s monograph “The Folklore of China” (1876) was based on a scheme by S. BaringGould, attached to the collection of English folklore by W. Henderson (1866). In turn, Baring-Gould improved the model created by J.-G. von Hahn that was published in the first volume of the Greek and Albanian tales’ collection (1864). The 1876 index is shorter than its predecessors: it has 15 “roots” (approximately corresponding to the tale types), 9 of which Dennis identified himself; von Hahn had 40 such types, and Baring-Gould had 51. If von Hahn and Dennis in their constructions considered the position of migrationists, Baring-Gould proceeded only from the early ideas of the mythological school about a single ancient source of IndoEuropean folklore. Dennis had a broader perspective that allowed him in his book to take into account the parallels between the mythological traditions of all inhabited continents; however, in the index, he compares Chinese tales mainly with Indo-European, which reflects the influence of the “Sino-Aryan” movement, popular among Sinologists in the 1870s
Assessment of diabetes as a risk factor for neurogenic dysphagia confirmed by FEES examination in post-CVA patients
Authors: Misiowiec Piotr Mirosław , Zajączkiewicz Hanna , Jarmołowicz-Aniołkowska Natalia , Karwat Bartosz , Zomkowska Edyta
Published: November 2023

Introduction

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is an independent factor for the occurrence of neurogenic dysphagia following an acute cerebrovascular accident in the form of a stroke. This study assesses the role of DM as a risk factor for post-stroke dysphagia (PSD), confirmed by the fiberoptic endoscopic examination of swallowing (FEES) with particular emphasis on silent aspiration (SA) as a high risk factor of aspiration pneumonia (AP).

Aim

The aim of the study is to assess the role of DM as a risk factor for PSD.

Material and methods

Statistical analysis was performed on the cohort of 81 post-cerebrovascular-accident patients hospitalized in the neurological rehabilitation department. DM was diagnosed in more than one third of the cohort (35.8%). After the FEES examination, which was assessed in the penetration–aspiration scale (PAS), an analysis of DM incidence was performed in patients with diagnosed pharyngeal dysphagia of moderate degree (PAS 3–6) and severe degree (PAS 7–8).

Results and discussion

The incidence of DM in patients with moderate dysphagia was lower than in the cohort. The incidence of DM in patients with severe dysphagia (aspiration) was comparable to the percentage in the cohort. Although diabetes was twice as frequent among patients with aspiration than among those with mild dysphagia (24% vs. 12%), the odds ratio (OR) of the diabetes incidence in these groups was not statistically significant.

Conclusions

Although DM is an independent factor for PSD occurrence after cerebrovascular accident in the form of a stroke and a potential factor for lower cranial nerve neuropathy, no correlation between DM and PSD was found.
REPRESENTATION OF DISABILITY IN MALAYALAM CINEMA: AN IN-DEPTH ANALYSIS OF SELECTED FILMS OF THE ACTOR DILEEP
Authors: S. Rajesh Kumar , M Arya
Published: November 2023

This research paper offers a comprehensive analysis of the portrayal of disability in Malayalam cinema, focusing on five carefully selected films: Kunjikoonan, Pacha Kuthira, Sound Thoma, Ring Master, and Kodathi Samaksham Balan Vakeel. The objective is to investigate how disability is depicted and the impact it has on character development, societal perceptions, and the overarching themes of the films
Rose growing on the Nilgiris
Authors:   Sim's Park Coonoor, V SAMPAΤΗ
Published: November 2023

Roses are largely grown in South India especially on the hill. stations of the Nilgiris for pleasure as well as for prof... English roses, it is learnt were first introduced to the Nilgiris from England about the first quarter of the nineteenth century. Since then their spread on the hills has been rapid, with the result that every dwelling in the major areas of the hills has at least a couple of beautiful rose plants. From experience it has been found that among all places, the roses find a very congenial home in the Coonoor area, a place at an elevation of 5,500 feet to 6,000 feet in the Nilgiri Hill ranges. Based mainly on the growth, habit, size, shape, colour and fragrance, the roses are distinctly grouped into definite types among which the more important types cultivated in South India ате (1) Bourbon Roses, (2) Tea Roses, (3) Hybrid perpetuals, (4) Hybrid Tea Roses, (5) Noisette Roses, and (6) The Provence or Cabbage Roses.
Preliminary Studies on Raising Cardamom Nurseries Successfully
Authors:   Cardamom Specialist, V GOMATHINAYAGAM PILLAI
Published: November 2023

Cardamom are propagated in two ways. Old grown up clumps are lifted and split into planting units of each with a piece of underground stem (Rhizome) and one or two aerial shoots (pseudo stems). Each of these units is planted in a pit. Now acrial shoots develop from the rhizomes planted and a thick clump is formed in the course of two or three years. This is vegetative propagation. By adopting this method propagation is possible only to a limited extent as a clump caunot ordinarily be split up into more than 20 units for planting. The transport of planting materials. to distant places will be a task especially in hills where alone cardamom grows. The planting will have to be done with in a week after lifting the rhizomes as they will deteriorate if kept longer. Further posts and diseases may pass on to the new plantation through the mother rhizomes and aerial shoots attached to them.
Review of Literature on Rainfall as Fei
Authors:   Tamil Nadu Agricultural University Coimbatore  641 003, C BALASUBRAMANIAM , M.V JAYARAMAN ,   Tamil Nadu Agricultural University Coimbatore  641 003
Published: November 2023

Besides supplying water, which is inevitable for pla rainfall acts also as fertilizer by supplying to plants certain mi N, P, S, CI, Ca, etc. Even from the days of Leibig (1847) th value of rainwater has been a highly controversial problem, F in regard to Nitrogen.
A Little Known Spice Plant Zanthoxylum Rhetsa, DC.
Authors:   Government Lecturing, Systematic Botanist Coimbatore 3, S.N CHANDRASEKHARAN
Published: November 2023

Zanthoxylum Rhetsa De., termed fittingly as the Assembly tree by Roxburgh because of its large size and spreading branches under whose shade the hill tribes used to conduct their meetings belongs to the family Rutaceae. In Malayalam it is called Kattamanakku, or Mullilam, in Tamil as Elavangam and in Telugu as Rhetsa maram. The tree has a wide distribution at low elevations in the forests of the Eastern ghats from Ganjam to the Godavari upto 3,000 feet and in the Western Ghats in South Kanara, Mysore, Malabar and Travancore at about the same altitudes. Plants collected from most of these places are preserved in the Madras Herbarium at the Agricultural Research Institute, Coimbatore. The tree has a very striking appearance with prominent spines which clothe densely the trank, branches and petioles. In the older parts of the trunk and the branches, the spines have a solid conical base. The bark is cream coloured. The leaves are alternate, imparipinnate, leaflets opposite, entire, strikingly oblique base and acuminate tip. The flowers are small, borne in terminal cymose panicles. They appear from June to November and the fruits are seen from October to January. The bark, pericarp and seed are all aromatic.
An Easy Method of Colour Preservation in. Plant Specimens for Museums and Herbaria
Authors:   Tamil Nadu Agricultural University Coimbatore  641 003, T VENKAТАРАТНІ
Published: November 2023

The preservation of colour of the botanica, specimens has been a serious problem for those working in Herbarial botanical gardens, museums and in fact, all those interested in plants and their preservation. In the usual method of pressing plant specimens between drying sheets and mounting the dried specimens, the natural colour of the flowers and the leaves fade away in a very short time, and later on turn to brown or dark brown colour except in a few cases like Helichrysm bracteatum, Andr., Limonium sinuata and Angalis spp. If only the natural colour of the plant parts, especially of the flower, could be preserved in the dried specimens, it will be great help to the students of taxonomy and curators of Herbaria and museums.
Survey of Fruit Growing in Madras State
Authors:   Fruit Assitant, Fruit Research Station Kodur, J SAMUEL SUNDARARAJ
Published: November 2023

Plant introduction and acclimatisation are two of the recognised methods of fostering plant industries and they have played a very important role in many lands with perennial crop culture, especially fruit growing. The diversity of fruit growing conditions as well as the vast range of varietal peculiarities in fruits necessitate a careful conduct of varietal tests in the main regions of every country. Where such variety testing grounds cannot be established in sufficient numbers, an investigation in the form of a survey to determine the varietal performance seems essential. In a State like that of Madras where the varieties and kinds of fruits are numerous, the variety testing grounds as well as the surveys have considerable value in delineating the optimum zone for each fruit. The survey can be relied upon to yield results of some value only when the varieties are true to name and the plant material is raised under known conditions and from trees of known paren- tage and performance. Such orchards which in the past were rare to find are now available for study after the advent of the nurseries managed by the Government. These nurseries have distributed in the past decade, known plant material of numerous kinds and varieties of fruits throughout the State, the orchards from which now yield reliable information on zonal preferences.
Tapioca
Authors:   Lecturer Agriculture Coimbatore  641 003, V. T SRI  SUBBIAH MUDALIAR
Published: November 2023

Tapioca is grown in large areas in Malabar and Travancore along the West Coast, taking advantage of the heavy rains from June to December. It is serving as a subsidiary food crop for the poorer classes of people, particularly in lean years. It is also an efficient substitute for rice to some extent, supplying the necessary carbohydrates. The accompany- ing statement furnishes the food values of rice and tapioca, based on the average yields obtained in the Madras State and the food values given in published literature.
Studying U.S. college faculty during the COVID-19 pandemic: Perceptions of severity, concerns, sources of information, preventive behaviors, barriers to work performance, and impact on work productivity
Authors: Hebert Edward , Jeon Kwonchan , Wood Ralph , Reena Ismatara , Hey William , Hickey Sabrina , Noll Kayla , Peevy Andrea , Reynolds Jessica , Thomas Penny
Published: November 2023

This study examined perceptions of and experiences during the COVID-19 pandemic among 489 faculty from four public universities in the southeast United States. Data were collected via an online survey during the Fall 2020 semester, when campuses re-opened after closing in March. Two thirds of faculty perceived the severity of COVID-19 as severe, and their greatest concerns related to preventive behaviors, the possibility of a virus resurgence, and concern for the health of family/friends. The majority reported frequently engaging in COVID-19-preventing behaviors, which was highest among female and older faculty, and those with higher perceived severity and concern for personally contracting the virus. Over half of respondents reported teaching and scholarly activities were negatively impacted by the pandemic; most notable barriers to productivity included anxiety/stress and a distracted home environment. The study adds to the research on university faculty during the pandemic and aligns with research on the adult population.
Clinics and Para clinics aspects of micronutrients deficient in elderly at General Reference Hospital of Niamey (Niger)
Authors: Andia Abdoulkader  , Mamane Barga A  , Maimouna
Published: November 2023

Introduction: Micronutrients are made up of vitamins, minerals and trace elements, their deficits in geriatrics patients are responsible for non-specific clinical signs leading to diseases or functional disabilities. The purpose was to describe the clinical and biology aspects of patients with micronutrient deficiency in the internal medicine and geriatrics department of the Niamey General Reference Hospital. Patient and methods: This was a longitudinal type cross-sectional study involving 88 patients during 15 months from June 30, 2021 to September 31, 2022. Results: A total of 88 patients, the average age was 78 years old [65 – 100 years old]. Common micronutrient deficiencies were: vitamin D (22.73%), hyponatremia (45%) and hypocalcemia (23%). The frequent clinical signs were of the musculoskeletal system in 63.6%, digestive system (45.4%). The denutrition rate was 36.3%, 61.3% loss of ability , 15.9% probable depression and 63.6% risk of falling. 37.5% had anemia including 30.6% microcytic and 35.2% hypochromic. There was a moderate alteration of renal function in 43.1% of cases. Conclusion: micronutrient deficiencies are characterized by a frequent Musculo skeletal signs, anemia and kidney disorders with non-specific etiology in context of limited micronutrient evidence in laboratory. So, this group of population should be sensibilize about appropriate nutrition to prevent those deficient.
Comparison of early continuous hemodiafiltration vs. delayed continuous hemodiafiltration in patients of acute kidney injury (AKI) with septic shock
Authors: Ranajit Chatterjee  , Priyanka H Chhabra  , Vidushi Kulshrestha  , Abhishek Verma
Published: November 2023

Introduction: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common clinical condition among critically ill patients, incredibly complicated with sepsis. The study aims to compare mortality rates in early and late renal replacement therapy initiation in critically ill patients with AKI and septic shock. Methods and Material: We carried out a retrospective, randomized, single-centre study of early vs. late RRT-implementation strategies for critically ill patients with sepsis and AKI in ICU at our Institute for one year (July 2017 to July 2018). AKI was defined and categorized by RIFLE criteria. Results: A total of 59 deaths were observed by day 28 (25 in the early RRT group and 34 in the delayed RRT group). The survival rates were estimated using the Kaplan–Meier method and compared with a log-rank test (p=0.007). The Kaplan–Meier estimate of the overall survival at day 28 was 49.1% (95% CI, 45.0 to 52.9). Conclusions: Among critically ill patients with sepsis with AKI, we observed reduced 28-day mortality in early RRT than delayed RRT initiation. Our study proves the benefit of early implementation of CRRT over delayed therapy with better 28-day survival in the early RRT group.
Fault detection and identification in three phase transformer using AI based FSA and PVR analysis
Authors: Balaji Dhashanamoorthi
Published: November 2023

The objective of this paper is to identify the winding faults in three phase transformer. A prototype model of the transformer has been designed and simulated using finite element method (FEM) based CAD package called Infolitica MagNet 6.11.2 in transient 2D solver. From the simulated results the peak variation response in flux linkage signature, flux density magnitude has been captured to identify the transformer winding faults. Then the faulty transformer result has been compared with simulated healthy transformer result. The design incorporated with external taps to create winding short circuit faults. The flux linkage simulation results are verified and validated with an experimental setup by the help of LabVIEW software.
Performance evaluation of selected exotic chicken breeds under farmers management in Derashe and Konso Zones, SNNPR, Ethiopia
Authors: Mekete Manjura Suntebo  , Ayano Abera Gagebo
Published: November 2023

This study was conducted under on-farm conditions, as farmer-led experimentation; in two target areas (Karat town and Gidole town) of Konso Zone and Derashe Zone, South Ethiopia with the objective of evaluating and comparing the production performance of Koekoek and Sasso chicken breeds under different locations and on farm management systems to establish breed suitability under varying conditions. In this study, the growth of chickens was mostly affected by the environment which reflects their differences in response to location factors. In general, the observed final bodyweight attained by Sasso during the growing phase in the present study was 2.5± 14.9 gram. The current study's findings regarding the egg production attribute indicate that the interplay between location and breed has an impact on the age at which the first egg is laid. Koekoek chickens matured around 11 days earlier than Sasso chickens in the Karat town whereas Sasso chickens matured about 13 days earlier in the Gidole town. In the current study, both the growing and laying stages showed higher chicken mortality rates in the low land area than in the highland area. Poor management techniques (inadequate feeding) of the birds observed in the lowland areas as opposed to the highland areas may be to blame for this.
Year 5 Buddha Triad: Annotated Image
Authors: Allon Mark , Andrews Isobel
Published: November 2023

https://platform.readworkbench.org/annotation-images/view/28b38373-2d1f-4096-9d8e-65d26cddc85c?fullscreen=1
Year 5 Buddha Triad: Article
Authors: Skinner Mike , Allon Mark , McCrabb Ian
Published: November 2023

https://gandhari-texts.sydney.edu.au/edition/schist-buddha-triad/
Year 5 Buddha Triad: Inscription
Authors: McCrabb Ian , Skinner Mike
Published: November 2023

https://gandhari-texts.sydney.edu.au/edition/budhanada-schist-buddha-triad-year-5/
Analisis Pengaruh Upah Dan Modal Terhadap Penyerapan Tenaga Kerja Pada Usaha Kecil Menengah Industri Laundry Di Kota Surabaya
Authors: Mamuaya Yeskri Meikel Davidson , Pratomo Gigih
Published: November 2023

The writing in this thesis takes the topic of comparison of absorption of labor laundry company in the city of Surabaya with a benchmark wage and capital. This research aims to find out how big the influence of wages and capital against labour absorption in the small and medium industrial laundry business in the city of Surabaya. Labor absorption is an act of the company in the demand for labor, where labor will do or carry out work that provided the company in accordance with the areas of the company. So in this case, the workforce will be awarded the work related to the field of laundry. Methods of analysis used in this research is unstructured/undated. The results of sports data that has been done is not to wage labour, whereas the absorption of capital effect on the absorption of labour.
Study of Properties and Structural Functional Group of Blending Low and High Boiling Point Fuel: The Case of Ethanol with Fuel
Authors: Bhikuning Annisa Bhikuning , Setiawan Budi , Hafnan Muhammad
Published: November 2023

For numerous decades, diesel fuel has served as the primary source of energy for diesel engines. For optimal performance, these engines are designed to withstand a high flammability threshold. Diesel fuel is therefore the preferable option for refueling military combat vehicles, particularly battle tanks. Concerns have been expressed regarding the use of diesel fuel due to its potential contribution to environmental pollution; emissions from combustion include NO2, NO, CO, SO2, and particulate matter. To reduce these emissions, diesel fuel must be blended with another substance. To reduce emissions, ethanol incorporation is a potential solution. A previous study demonstrated that combining fuels with high and low boiling points can enhance performance. Mixing ethanol, which has a low boiling point, with biodiesel/diesel fuel and fuel with a high boiling point can produce a superior fuel. Analyzing the characteristics of the fuels produced by merging ethanol with diesel fuel and biodiesel is crucial. This analysis aids in the comprehension of the fuel's physical properties prior to its use in a diesel engine. In this investigation, Indonesian diesel fuel and biodiesel standards are blended with ethanol at 10%, 25%, and 35% (volume) blending ratios. In addition to utilizing FTIR (Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy) for analysis, the objective of this study is to determine the combustion properties of a blend of biodiesel, diesel fuel, and ethanol. Using the American Society of Testing Materials (ASTM) D method, fuel properties such as density, viscosity, cetane index, and distillations are analyzed. The results indicate that increasing the proportion of ethanol in diesel fuel and biodiesel reduces viscosity and density. By integrating ethanol, which has a lower density and viscosity than diesel fuel and biodiesel alone, the fuel properties can be improved. A perfect blend of ethanol, diesel fuel, and biodiesel can increase the quality of fuel, thereby enhancing diesel engine combustion.
Recent trends in sustainable modelling for hydrogen production and utilization
Authors:   Universitas Buana Perjuangan Karawang Teluk Jambe, Hananto April Lia , Idris Muhammad Idris , Ghazali Ihwan Ghazali
Published: November 2023

Hydrogen is a promising candidate for the future of energy and global economic security owing to its cost-efficient clean and environmentally friendly nature. The utilisation of hydrogen is, however, not without obstacles. Technology maturity and the unattractive market are some of the challenges. Before hydrogen can be used on a large-scale basis, critical technical challenges need to be addressed, such as the economical production and transportation and storage issues. In terms of energy prices, hydrogen is an inexpensive fuel. Ideally, a vehicle run on hydrogen reduces the cost per kilometre with better mileage than that of fuelled with fossil fuel. Electric vehicles run on hydrogen fuel cells, for instance, offer several performance improvements over conventional internal combustion engines. This includes better fuel efficiency and relatively less noise operation, yet one of the important technical challenges is onboard hydrogen storage. In this review article, recent trends in modeling for hydrogen production and utilization are addressed in detail.
CLIMATE RECONSTRUCTION OF SOUTHERN UKRAINE IN THE OLIGOCENE ON THE BASIS OF SPORE-POLLEN STUDY DATA BY THE COEXISTENCE APPROACH METHOD
Authors: Ochakovskyi Volodymyr Yu.
Published: November 2023

Based on the data of spore-pollen studies of the Oligocene sediments of Southern Ukraine, a reconstruction of the Oligocene climate of this region was carried out using the latest method of coexistence approach. For each of the intervals of Oligocene time (early Borysphenian, late Borysphenian, Molochanian, Sirogozian, Askanian, and Hornostaivian) the values of the following climatic parameters were calculated: mean annual temperature, coldest month temperature (January), warmest month temperature (July), mean annual precipitation, highest month precipitation, lowest month precipitation, warmest month precipitation. It was established that the paleoclimate was warm, close to subtropical, with dry hot summers. It is classified as Csa type according to Köppen. A trend of gradual cooling and aridization of the climate within Southern Ukraine during the Oligocene was revealed. In the middle of the Oligocene (Molochanian — Sirogozian) an episode of noticeable warming and drying: an increase of continentality of the climate was recorded (an increase of mean annual temperature and a decrease of precipitation in the wettest month, a decrease of precipitation in the driest month and a decrease of precipitation in the warmest month), which corresponds to the period of the least development of the sea basin within the Southern Ukraine in the Oligocene.
MORPHOLOGICAL ANALYSIS AND PALAEOECOLOGY OF THE SEED FERNS OF THE GENUS ODONTOPTERIS (BRONGNIART) STERNBERG FROM THE LATE PENNSYLVANIAN OF THE DONETS BASIN
Authors: Boyarina Nataliya
Published: November 2023

The morphological features of foliage and palaeoecology of the Late Pennsylvanian odontopterid seed ferns from the Donets Basin are considered. The fossils indicate that the young fronds of Odontopteris schlotheimii had a dichotomous rachis at an angle of 70° and large oblong pinnules above a dichotomy with the well-pronounced thick midvein and lateral veins that emitted from the midvein along its entire length. The ontogenetic variations of the ultimate pinnae of Odontopteris schlotheimii are manifested in the increasing segmentation of a leaf blade and the change of pinnule sizes and pinnule density on the axes with different thickness. The ontogenetic variations of the ultimate pinnae of Odontopteris subcrenulata and O. cantabrica are expressed by the change of pinnule sizes when changing the axis thickness. The typical pinnules without ontogenetic changes are described on a few small specimens of Odontopteris brardii and O. lingulata that are presented by the ultimate pinnae.On the basis of the lithological and facial features of plant-bearing deposits, the interpretations of the landscape conditions of odontopterid distributions are carried out. The pteridosperms Odontopteris cantabrica were common in wet swampy lowlands along with ferns in Kasimovian and early Gzhelian times. Odontopteris brardii grew within deltaic plains with a moderately wet and drained substrate in early-middle Gzhelian time. The pteridosperms Odontopteris lingulata were distributed on floodplains in middle Gzhelian time. The pteridosperms Odontopteris subcrenulata were spread on floodplains and the slopes of river valleys with seasonally dry conditions in Kasimovian and early-middle Gzhelian times as well as on coastal lowlands in the conditions of progressive climate aridization in late Gzhelian time. Odontopteris schlotheimii grew on deltaic plains and floodplains in early-middle Gzhelian time as well as on moderately wet coastal lowlands and on lagoonal plains with seasonally dry conditions in late Gzhelian time.
UNIQUE COLLECTIONS OF PALEONTOLOGICAL THIN SECTIONS FROM THE BORDERLINE MISSISSIPPIAN-PENNSYLVANIAN SEDIMENTS OF THE DONETS BASIN, STORED IN THE INSTITUTE OF GEOLOGICAL SCIENCES OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF UKRAINE
Authors: Yefimenko Valentyna
Published: November 2023

The purpose of the article is to publicize and integrate into the world scientific space information about the unique collections of paleontological thin sections from the borderline Mississippian-Pennsylvanian of the Carboniferous of the Donets Basin, which were collected by outstanding Ukrainian paleontologists-stratigraphers D. E. Aizenverg, N. E. Brazhnikova, O. I. Berchenko, N. V. Vasylyuk during the second half of the 20th century and are currently stored in the Institute of Geological Sciences of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine. The collections originate from the stratotype and reference sections of the Zapaltyubinsky and Voznesensky Horizons of Donbas, established by D. E. Aizenverg and N. E. Brazhnikova in 1975, which make up the parastratotype section of the upper part of the Serpukhovian Stage. A brief description of the collections is provided, their scientific value and significance for conducting various types of micropaleontological and biostratigraphic research are highlighted. Micropaleontological studies and microfacies typification of marine carbonate sediments presented in thin sections were carried out, photodocumentation was done and an electronic catalog of collections of paleontological thin sections was created, containing information about the origin and place of preservation of thin sections, stratigraphic reference, a brief microfacies description of thin sections (with an indication of all detected organic remains), lists of discovered and identified foraminifera and algae, the e-mail address of the section, as well as a photo of the microfacies type of the limestone.