bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
TD 2615 - O Setor Farmacêutico no Brasil sob as Lentes da Conta-satélite de Saúde
Authors: Vieira Fabiola Sulpino , Santos Maria Angelica Borges dos
Published: February 2021

São objetivos deste texto descrever o setor farmacêutico no Brasil à luz das dimensões macroeconômicas – oferta, demanda, geração de renda e empregos – apresentadas na conta-satélite de saúde (CSS) e, a partir dessas informações, analisar brevemente aspectos relativos ao desenvolvimento e à produção de medicamentos no país. Neste trabalho, o setor farmacêutico é definido como um ramo da economia que congrega o conjunto de atividades envolvidas na produção, na comercialização e no transporte de farmoquímicos, medicamentos e preparações farmacêuticas. Como na CSS o foco é dado aos produtos, independentemente da atividade econômica responsável por sua produção, o uso das informações desta conta-satélite resulta em visão mais completa desse setor no país. Para tanto, dados de oferta, demanda, valor adicionado (VA) e ocupações do período 2010-2017 foram obtidos da publicação da CSS e do material complementar (tabelas de recursos e usos) disponibilizado pelo Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística (IBGE) em seu sítio eletrônico. Os dados e as informações da CSS revelam quadro de ampliação da dependência externa brasileira da importação de farmoquímicos, medicamentos e preparações farmacêuticas, enfraquecimento da atividade de fabricação de produtos farmacêuticos e ampliação da atividade de comércio farmacêutico. Esse quadro sinaliza para a necessidade de fortalecimento das políticas industriais voltadas ao setor, a fim de reduzir a dependência externa brasileira, especialmente de produtos de maior valor agregado. A pandemia da Covid-19 tem explicitado a vulnerabilidade dos países que dependem da importação de tecnologias em saúde, inclusive a do Brasil e, por isso, tem suscitado o debate sobre o reposicionamento da produção dessas tecnologias mundialmente. Neste contexto, é fundamental que o Estado envide esforços para aumentar a presença da indústria farmacêutica e de indústrias de produtos para a saúde em território nacional e que fomente o desenvolvimento da capacidade tecnológica dos laboratórios farmacêuticos oficiais (LFO), que podem exercer papel mais estratégico para o Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS).
TD 2616 - Orçamento Cultural Para Quê? Pacto federativo e fortalecimento do Sistema Nacional de Cultura
Authors: Silva Frederico Augusto Barbosa da , Ziviani Paula , Machado Claudia Rachid
Published: February 2021

O texto ressalta o caráter setorial das políticas públicas no segmento cultura e os principais desafios a serem enfrentados na construção de seu orçamento, a saber, a dificuldade de delimitação do objeto e de comparação entre os entes da federação, uma vez que eles possuem lógicas diferentes e, por conseguinte, formas distintas de elaboração do orçamento. O percurso argumentativo segue três abordagens principais: o esforço de gasto do governo federal na área cultural, abrindo a discussão sobre quais as informações necessárias para organização de um sistema orçamentário; a apresentação das informações financeiras dos estados (Unidades da Federação – UFs) e dos municípios, para compreensão de como a cultura se torna um objeto de política pública; e, por fim, o foco na experiência do Distrito Federal e nas dificuldades enfrentadas, como exemplo singular de elaboração do orçamento da cultura. Toma-se como suposição que a padronização do orçamento cultural, a exemplo de áreas como saúde e educação, em muito contribuirá para o fortalecimento do Sistema Nacional de Cultura.
BUILDING A STRATEGIC PERFORMANCE MANAGEMENT MODEL FOR ENTERPRISES INVESTING TO COASTAL URBAN PROJECTS TOWARD SUSTAINABILITY
Authors: Huynh Truc Thi-Minh , Pham Anh-Duc , Le-Hoai Long
Published: February 2021

In addition to the sustainable development of coastal areas, the success of local corporations investing in coastal urban projects is significantly affected by severe sea level rises and extreme disasters. Investment companies should plan which objectives need to target to reduce uncertainty in the early project stages, track project execution, and assess project output as projects complete the construction phase and start operational activities. To assist enterprises in planning, evaluating, and monitoring project performance aligning with vision and strategy, this study contributes a strategic management tool developed by integrating the Balanced Scorecard (BSC), Analytic Network Process (ANP), and Decision Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory (DEMATEL) methods. A case study of a well-known investment corporation in Vietnam illustrates the research approach. This research appreciated stakeholder’s satisfaction as the main consequence and human resource as the most prominent cause of coastal urban projects. Furthermore, the proposed model for Vietnam in this study could be referred by other developing countries to facilitate companies to plan, measure, evaluate, and control the organizational performances for the coastal urban project success.
The McDonald Accelerating Stars Survey (MASS): White Dwarf Companions Accelerating the Sun-like Stars 12 Psc and HD 159062
Authors: Bowler Brendan P. , Cochran William D. , Endl Michael , Franson Kyle , Brandt Timothy D. , Dupuy Trent J. , MacQueen Phillip J. , Kratter Kaitlin M. , Mawet Dimitri , Ruane Garreth
Published: February 2021

We present the discovery of a white dwarf companion to the G1 V star 12 Psc found as part of a Keck adaptive optics imaging survey of long-term accelerating stars from the McDonald Observatory Planet Search Program. Twenty years of precise radial-velocity monitoring of 12 Psc with the Tull Spectrograph at the Harlan J. Smith telescope reveals a moderate radial acceleration (≈10 m s−1 yr −1), which together with relative astrometry from Keck/NIRC2 and the astrometric acceleration between Hipparcos and Gaia DR2 yields a dynamical mass of M

B
=

M
⊙ for 12 Psc B, a semimajor axis of

au, and an eccentricity of 0.84 ± 0.08. We also report an updated orbital fit of the white dwarf companion to the metal-poor (but barium-rich) G9 V dwarf HD 159062 based on new radial-velocity observations from the High-Resolution Spectrograph at the Hobby–Eberly Telescope and astrometry from Keck/NIRC2. A joint fit of the available relative astrometry, radial velocities, and tangential astrometric acceleration yields a dynamical mass of M

B
=

M
⊙ for HD 159062 B, a semimajor axis of

au, and preference for circular orbits (e < 0.42 at 95% confidence). 12 Psc B and HD 159062 B join a small list of resolved Sirius-like benchmark white dwarfs with precise dynamical mass measurements which serve as valuable tests of white dwarf mass–radius cooling models and probes of AGB wind accretion onto their main-sequence companions.
The JPL Planetary and Lunar Ephemerides DE440 and DE441
Authors: Park Ryan S. , Folkner William M. , Williams James G. , Boggs Dale H.
Published: February 2021

The planetary and lunar ephemerides called DE440 and DE441 have been generated by fitting numerically integrated orbits to ground-based and space-based observations. Compared to the previous general-purpose ephemerides DE430, seven years of new data have been added to compute DE440 and DE441, with improved dynamical models and data calibration. The orbit of Jupiter has improved substantially by fitting to the Juno radio range and Very Long Baseline Array (VLBA) data of the Juno spacecraft. The orbit of Saturn has been improved by radio range and VLBA data of the Cassini spacecraft, with improved estimation of the spacecraft orbit. The orbit of Pluto has been improved from use of stellar occultation data reduced against the Gaia star catalog. The ephemerides DE440 and DE441 are fit to the same data set, but DE441 assumes no damping between the lunar liquid core and the solid mantle, which avoids a divergence when integrated backward in time. Therefore, DE441 is less accurate than DE440 for the current century, but covers a much longer duration of years −13,200 to +17,191, compared to DE440 covering years 1550–2650.
Are There Transit Timing Variations for the Exoplanet Qatar-1b?
Authors: Su Li-Hsin , Jiang Ing-Guey , Sariya Devesh P. , Lee Chiao-Yu , Yeh Li-Chin , Mannaday Vineet Kumar , Thakur Parijat , Sahu D. K. , Chand Swadesh , Shlyapnikov A. A. , Moskvin V. V. , Ignatov Vladimir , Mkrtichian David , Griv Evgeny
Published: February 2021

Motivated by the unsettled conclusion on whether there are any transit timing variations (TTVs) for the exoplanet Qatar-1b, 10 new transit light curves are presented and a TTV analysis with a baseline of 1400 epochs is performed. Because the linear model provides a good fit with a reduced chi-square of

and the false-alarm probabilities of the possible TTV frequencies are as large as 35%, our results are consistent with a null-TTV model. Nevertheless, a new ephemeris with a reference time of T
0 = 2455647.63360 ± 0.00008 (BJD) and a period of P = 1.4200236 ± 0.0000001 (day) is obtained. In addition, the updated orbital semimajor axis and planetary radius in units of stellar radius are provided, and the lower limit of the modified stellar tidal quality factor is also determined.
Radiation Hydrodynamics of Turbulent H ii Regions in Molecular Clouds: A Physical Origin of LyC Leakage and the Associated Lyα Spectra
Authors: Kakiichi Koki , Gronke Max
Published: February 2021

We examine Lyman continuum (LyC) leakage through H ii regions regulated by turbulence and radiative feedback in a giant molecular cloud in the context of fully coupled radiation hydrodynamics (RHD). The physical relations of the LyC escape with H i covering fraction, kinematics, ionizing photon production efficiency, and emergent Lyα line profiles are studied using a series of RHD turbulence simulations performed with ramses-rt. The turbulence-regulated mechanism allows ionizing photons to leak out at early times before the onset of supernova feedback. The LyC photons escape through turbulence-generated low column density channels that are evacuated efficiently by radiative feedback via photoheating-induced shocks across the D-type ionization fronts. The Lyα photons funnel through the photoionized channels along the paths of LyC escape, resulting in a diverse Lyα spectral morphology including narrow double-peaked profiles. The Lyα peak separation is controlled by the residual H i column density of the channels, and the line asymmetry correlates with the porosity and multiphase structure of the H ii region. This mechanism through the turbulent H ii regions can naturally reproduce the observed Lyα spectral characteristics of some of the LyC-leaking galaxies. This RHD turbulence origin provides an appealing hypothesis to explain high LyC leakage from very young (∼3 Myr) star-forming galaxies found in the local universe without need of extreme galactic outflows or supernova feedback. We discuss the implications of the turbulent H ii regions on other nebular emission lines and a possible observational test with the Magellanic System and local blue compact dwarf galaxies as analogs of reionization-era systems.
Measuring Distances to Low-luminosity Galaxies Using Surface Brightness Fluctuations
Authors: Greco Johnny P. , van Dokkum Pieter , Danieli Shany , Carlsten Scott G. , Conroy Charlie
Published: February 2021

We present an in-depth study of surface brightness fluctuations (SBFs) in low-luminosity stellar systems. Using the MIST models, we compute theoretical predictions for absolute SBF magnitudes in the LSST, HST ACS/WFC, and proposed Roman Space Telescope filter systems. We compare our calculations to observed SBF–color relations of systems that span a wide range of age and metallicity. Consistent with previous studies, we find that single-age population models show excellent agreement with observations of low-mass galaxies with 0.5 ≲ g − i ≲ 0.9. For bluer galaxies, the observed relation is better fit by models with composite stellar populations. To study SBF recovery from low-luminosity systems, we perform detailed image simulations in which we inject fully populated model galaxies into deep ground-based images from real observations. Our simulations show that LSST will provide data of sufficient quality and depth to measure SBF magnitudes with precisions of ∼0.2–0.5 mag in ultra-faint

and low-mass classical (M
⋆ ≤ 107
M
⊙) dwarf galaxies out to ∼4 Mpc and  ∼25 Mpc, respectively, within the first few years of its deep-wide-fast survey. Many significant practical challenges and systematic uncertainties remain, including an irreducible “sampling scatter” in the SBFs of ultra-faint dwarfs due to their undersampled stellar mass functions. We nonetheless conclude that SBFs in the new generation of wide-field imaging surveys have the potential to play a critical role in the efficient confirmation and characterization of dwarf galaxies in the nearby universe.
The Horizon Run 5 Cosmological Hydrodynamical Simulation: Probing Galaxy Formation from Kilo- to Gigaparsec Scales
Authors: Lee Jaehyun , Shin Jihye , Snaith Owain N. , Kim Yonghwi , Few C. Gareth , Devriendt Julien , Dubois Yohan , Cox Leah M. , Hong Sungwook E. , Kwon Oh-Kyoung , Park Chan , Pichon Christophe , Kim Juhan , Gibson Brad K. , Park Changbom
Published: February 2021

Horizon Run 5 (HR5) is a cosmological hydrodynamical simulation that captures the properties of the universe on a Gpc scale while achieving a resolution of 1 kpc. Inside the simulation box, we zoom in on a high-resolution cuboid region with a volume of 1049 × 119 × 127 cMpc3. The subgrid physics chosen to model galaxy formation includes radiative heating/cooling, UV background, star formation, supernova feedback, chemical evolution tracking the enrichment of oxygen and iron, the growth of supermassive black holes, and feedback from active galactic nuclei in the form of a dual jet-heating mode. For this simulation, we implemented a hybrid MPI-OpenMP version of RAMSES, specifically targeted for modern many-core many-thread parallel architectures. In addition to the traditional simulation snapshots, lightcone data were generated on the fly. For the post-processing, we extended the friends-of-friend algorithm and developed a new galaxy finder PGalF to analyze the outputs of HR5. The simulation successfully reproduces observations, such as the cosmic star formation history and connectivity of galaxy distribution, We identify cosmological structures at a wide range of scales, from filaments with a length of several cMpc, to voids with a radius of  ∼ 100 cMpc. The simulation also indicates that hydrodynamical effects on small scales impact galaxy clustering up to very large scales near and beyond the baryonic acoustic oscillation scale. Hence, caution should be taken when using that scale as a cosmic standard ruler: one needs to carefully understand the corresponding biases. The simulation is expected to be an invaluable asset for the interpretation of upcoming deep surveys of the universe.
Black Hole Mass Measurements of Radio Galaxies NGC 315 and NGC 4261 Using ALMA CO Observations*
Authors: Boizelle Benjamin D. , Walsh Jonelle L. , Barth Aaron J. , Buote David A. , Baker Andrew J. , Darling Jeremy , Ho Luis C. , Cohn Jonathan , Kabasares Kyle M.
Published: February 2021

We present Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) Cycle 5 and Cycle 6 observations of CO (2−1) and CO (3−2) emission at 0.″2−0.″3 resolution in two radio-bright, brightest group/cluster early-type galaxies, NGC 315 and NGC 4261. The data resolve CO emission that extends within their black hole (BH) spheres of influence (r
g), tracing regular Keplerian rotation down to just tens of parsecs from the BHs. The projected molecular gas speeds in the highly inclined (i ≳ 60°) disks rise at least to 500 km s−1 near their galaxy centers. We fit dynamical models of thin-disk rotation directly to the ALMA data cubes and account for the extended stellar mass distributions by constructing galaxy surface brightness profiles corrected for a range of plausible dust extinction values. The best-fit models yield

for NGC 315 and

for NGC 4261, the latter of which is larger than previous estimates by a factor of ∼3. The BH masses are broadly consistent with the relations between BH masses and host galaxy properties. These are among the first ALMA observations to map dynamically cold gas kinematics well within the BH-dominated regions of radio galaxies, resolving the respective r
g by factors of ∼5−10. The observations demonstrate ALMA’s ability to precisely measure BH masses in active galaxies, which will enable more confident probes of accretion physics for the most massive galaxies.
The TW Hya Rosetta Stone Project. III. Resolving the Gaseous Thermal Profile of the Disk
Authors: Calahan Jenny K. , Bergin Edwin , Zhang Ke , Teague Richard , Cleeves Ilsedore , Bergner Jennifer , Blake Geoffrey A. , Cazzoletti Paolo , Guzmán Viviana , R. Hogerheijde Michiel , Huang Jane , Kama Mihkel , Loomis Ryan , Öberg Karin , Qi Charlie , van Dishoeck Ewine F. , van Scheltinga Jeroen Terwisscha , Walsh Catherine , Wilner David
Published: February 2021

The thermal structure of protoplanetary disks is a fundamental characteristic of the system that has wide-reaching effects on disk evolution and planet formation. In this study, we constrain the 2D thermal structure of the protoplanetary disk TW Hya structure utilizing images of seven CO lines. This includes new ALMA observations of 12CO J = 2–1 and C18O J = 2–1 as well as archival ALMA observations of 12CO J = 3–2, 13CO J = 3–2 and 6–5, and C18O J = 3–2 and 6–5. Additionally, we reproduce a Herschel observation of the HD J = 1–0 line flux and the spectral energy distribution and utilize a recent quantification of CO radial depletion in TW Hya. These observations were modeled using the thermochemical code RAC2D, and our best-fit model reproduces all spatially resolved CO surface brightness profiles. The resulting thermal profile finds a disk mass of 0.025 M
⊙ and a thin upper layer of gas depleted of small dust with a thickness of ∼1.2% of the corresponding radius. Using our final thermal structure, we find that CO alone is not a viable mass tracer, as its abundance is degenerate with the total H2 surface density. Different mass models can readily match the spatially resolved CO line profiles with disparate abundance assumptions. Mass determination requires additional knowledge, and, in this work, HD provides the additional constraint to derive the gas mass and support the inference of CO depletion in the TW Hya disk. Our final thermal structure confirms the use of HD as a powerful probe of protoplanetary disk mass. Additionally, the method laid out in this paper is an employable strategy for extraction of disk temperatures and masses in the future.
Clonal dispersion of Acinetobacter baumannii in an intensive care unit designed to patients COVID-19
Authors: Durán-Manuel Emilio Mariano , Cruz-Cruz Clemente , Ibáñez-Cervantes Gabriela , Bravata-Alcantará Juan Carlos , Sosa-Hernández Oscar , Delgado-Balbuena Laura , León-García Gregorio , Cortés-Ortíz Iliana Alejandra , Cureño-Díaz Monica Alethia , Castro-Escarpulli Graciela , Vélez-Reséndiz Juan Manuel , Bello-López Juan Manuel
Published: February 2021

Introduction: SARS-CoV2 pandemic marks the need to pay attention to bacterial pathogens that can complicate the hospital stay of patients in the intensive care unit (ICU). ESKAPE bacteria which includes Enterococcus faecium, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Enterobacter cloacae are considered the most important, because of their close relationship with the development of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP). The aim of this work was to identify and characterize ESKAPE bacteria and to detect their possible clonal spread in medical devices, patients, and medical personnel of the ICU for COVID-19 patients of the Hospital Juarez de Mexico.

Methodology: Genetic identification of ESKAPE bacteria was performed by analyzing the 16S rRNA gene. Resistance assays were performed according to the CLSI guidelines. Assembly of AdeABCRS operon and inhibition assays of pumps efflux in Acinetobacter baumannii isolates were performed. Associated gene involved in biofilm formation (icaA) was performed in isolates belonging to the Staphylococcus genus. Finally, typing by ERIC-PCR and characterization of mobile genetic element SCCmec were done.

Results: Heterogeneous distribution of ESKAPE and non-ESKAPE bacteria was detected in various medical devices, patients, and medical personnel. Acinetobacter baumannii and Staphylococcus aureus were the predominant ESKAPE members. The analysis of intergenic regions revealed an important clonal distribution of A. baumannii (AdeABCRS+). Genotyping of SCCmec mobile genetic elements and the icaA gene showed that there is no clonal distribution of S. aureus.

Conclusions: Clonal spread of A. baumannii (AdeABCRS+) highlights the importance of adopting good practices for equipment disinfection, surfaces and management of COVID-19 patients.
Evidence of community pharmacists’ response preparedness during COVID-19 public health crisis: A cross-sectional study
Authors: ElGeed Hager , Owusu Yaw , Abdulrhim Sara , Awaisu Ahmed , Kattezhathu Vyas S , Abdulrouf Palli Valapila , Sankaralingam Sowndramalingam
Published: February 2021

Introduction: Community pharmacists are often the first point of contact for the public, especially during pandemics. As outlined by the International Pharmaceutical Federation, community pharmacists have an important public health role during this Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) public health emergency. We therefore investigated the current practices, response preparedness and professional development needs of community pharmacists in Qatar.

Methodology: A descriptive cross-sectional online 38-item questionnaire-based survey constructed on evidence-based public health roles of pharmacists was conducted between 28 May and 18 June 2020. Questions related to current practices required responses on a 5-point Likert-type scale ranging from “always” to “never”. The questionnaire was evaluated for validity and the reliability analysis showed a Cronbach’s alpha coefficient of 0.921.

Results: The response (n = 311) rate for the survey was 34.2%. More than 75% of pharmacists “always” encouraged and practiced hygiene and social distancing measures. On the other hand, the proportion of pharmacists “always” involved in patient assessment, education or providing information related to COVID-19 and application of evidence-based protocol ranged from 32 to 73%. The vast majority (87-96%) of pharmacists indicated that they needed professional development related to COVID-19. Overall, 77% of pharmacists either “strongly agreed” or “agreed” that they have all the necessary COVID-19 related emergency response preparedness and training. Country from which pharmacists obtained their first degree, and the type of pharmacy where they practice influenced their overall perception toward emergency response preparedness.

Conclusions: Community pharmacists in Qatar are willing to receive additional training related to COVID-19 public health crisis despite being prepared to engage with patients.
Investigation of the role of stray cats for transmission of toxoplasmosis to humans and animals living in İzmir, Turkey
Authors: Karakavuk Muhammet , Can Hüseyin , Selim Nebahat , Yeşilsiraz Berna , Atlı Evren , Atalay Şahar Esra , Demir Ferda , Gül Aytül , Özdemir Hüseyin Gökhan , Alan Nuray , Yalçın Mustafa , Özkurt Onur , Aras Murat , Çelik Tuncel , Can Şengül , Değirmenci Döşkaya Aysu , Gürüz Adnan Yüksel , Döşkaya Mert
Published: February 2021

Introduction: Toxoplasma gondii is a protozoan parasite that has a widespread distribution among mammalians and birds. One of the reasons for the high prevalence may be due to ingesting oocyst disseminated by stray cats’ feces. In Turkey, most of the citizens are closely associated with stray cats and they love to pet and feed them on the streets. In this study, we aimed to determine the prevalence of T. gondii DNA in feces of stray cats living in İzmir, Turkey in order to identify the transmission potential to humans and other animals.

Methodology: Feces and blood samples of 465 stray cats were investigated for the presence of T. gondii oocysts by microscopy and for the presence of T. gondii DNA by two real time PCR methods. Furthermore, serum samples were analyzed for anti-T. gondii IgG antibodies using an ELISA.

Results: Oocysts were detected in 0.43% of the stray cats by microscopy. T. gondii DNA was detected in 14.37% of the stray cats’ feces samples. The seroprevalence rate was 37.84%. In the feces and/or blood PCR positive group, 35.89% of them were seropositive. Among the 176 seropositive cats, T. gondii DNA was detected in feces of 27 cats (15.34%).

Conclusions: This study first time showed the inter relation of T. gondii DNA in feces and blood samples and seropositivity. In sum, over 14% of the stray cats living outdoor may have an important role in transmission of toxoplasmosis to humans in İzmir as well as to other animals.
Novel coronavirus disease-related knowledge, attitudes, and practices among the residents of Al-Jouf region in Saudi Arabia
Authors: El-Masry Eman A , Mohamed Rehab A , Ali Rehab I , Al Mulhim Marwa F , Taha Ahmed E
Published: February 2021

Introduction: Efforts have been made to contain COVID-19. Human behavior, affected by knowledge and perceptions, may influence the course of disease.

Methodology: A structured questionnaire was used to collect data from 422 participants. It consisted of 28 questions in four sections; seven questions about sociodemographic characteristics of participants, 12 questions to estimate level of knowledge about COVID-19, six questions to evaluate attitudes toward disease, and three questions to assess practices to prevent disease transmission.

Results: Their overall understanding of COVID-19 was satisfactory. 69% of the participants had satisfactory levels of knowledge, and the main sources of information were social media platforms (79.70%) and television (70.90%). There was a significant difference in knowledge as a function of gender (p = 0.50), occupation (p = 0.012), and smoking (p = 0.041). The participants held optimistic attitudes and adopted appropriate protective measures. Most participants agreed that COVID-19 can cause death (64.7%), poses greater risks to elderly (93.4%) and those with chronic diseases (96.7%), it is mandatory to quarantine infected individuals (98.1%), preventive health measures are important (97.6%), and health authorities will succeed in controlling the pandemic (67.5%). There was a statistically significant association between satisfactory levels of knowledge and the practice of wearing masks and the adoption of protective measures (avoiding crowded places, frequent hand washing).

Conclusions: Residents of Al-Jouf region in Saudi Arabia have satisfactory levels of knowledge, optimistic attitudes, and good practice during the rapid rise period of the pandemic. Awareness campaigns will improve any misbeliefs and risky behaviors.
Two new species of Coniopteryx Curtis from China (Neuroptera, Coniopterygidae)
Authors: Zhao Yaru , Badano Davide , Liu Zhiqi
Published: February 2021

Two new species of Coniopterygidae, Coniopteryx (Coniopteryx) tenuisetosasp. nov., and Coniopteryx (Coniopteryx) serratasp. nov., are described from China. Both species differ from congeners in characters of the male genitalia. Coniopteryx (Coniopteryx) alticola Sziráki, 2002, is recorded from China for the first time. A key to species of the genus Coniopteryx from China is presented.
Unravelling the convoluted nomenclature of Marphysa simplex (Annelida, Eunicidae) with the proposal of a new name and the re-description of species
Authors: Molina-Acevedo Isabel Cristina , Idris Izwandy
Published: February 2021

Marphysa simplex is a name that three species bear within the same genus, but each has a different authority and morphological characteristics. This homonymy condition leads to taxonomic confusion and the finite designation of name-bearing is imperative. The current study focuses on two species identified as M. simplex Crossland, 1903 and M. simplex Treadwell, 1922 and a third one, recently considered a secondary homonymy, M. simplex (Langerhans, 1884), is also assessed. The available type specimens were examined and re-described in detail using updated characters and the original descriptions. Marphysa simplex (Langerhans, 1884) is herein judged as an indeterminable species. Marphysa simplex Crossland, 1903 is confirmed as a junior synonym of M. teretiuscula (Schmarda, 1861a) because the differences are minimal. Moreover, M. teretiuscula has characteristics similar to Group B2 (Sanguinea-group; only compound spinigers), instead of the Teretiuscula-group (compound spinigers in the anterior region, subacicular limbate in all chaetigers). On the other hand, M. simplex Treadwell, 1922 is a junior primary homonym of Crossland’s species replaced by M. fijiensisnom. nov. with the chaetal arrangement similar to Group A (limbate chaetae only). In conclusion, the name M. simplex is now unacceptable. The hypothesis on species group only with limbate chaetae and the redescription on M. teretiuscula is also given.
Consanguinitas et légitimité à la cour du prince : l’exemple d’Odon de Villars (Savoie, XIV e -XV e siècles)
Authors: Briffaz Florentin
Published: February 2021

La présente étude vise à saisir toute l’importance de la consanguinitas comme facteur de légitimité au miroir de la carrière d’Odon de Villars. En effet, cette notion, complexe et polysémique est réinvestie à plusieurs niveaux, spécialement dans le cadre du service au prince. Le vocabulaire de la parenté par le sang est alors pleinement convoqué comme ressort positif de l’action. Dans un premier temps, Odon est élevé à la cour du sire avec Humbert, le propre fils de ce dernier. Issu d’une branche cadette, il accède à un surcroît de légitimité par cette intégration au destin de la branche aînée ; le sire le considérant comme son second fils. L’étude du vocabulaire est assez révélatrice de la proximité des individus, Humbert parlant d’Odon comme de son « frère consanguin ». Dans un deuxième temps, l’aventure amène Odon de Villars à servir en Avignon le pape Clément VII, beau-frère de son cousin. Parallèlement, il entre à la cour des comtes de Savoie. C’est ainsi qu’il tient les rênes de la principauté lors de la minorité du comte Amédée VIII dont il est le gouverneur. Or, se tenant à la confluence des partis, un consensus indispensable semble s’établir autour de lui, en vertu justement en grande partie de cette consanguinitas. Il apparaît plusieurs fois notamment en qualité de consanguineus domini , ce qui renvoie pour partie seulement à une parenté réelle, mais ce qui, plus encore, marque son action du sceau de légitimité tout en valorisant sa position sociale dans la hiérarchie des serviteurs de l’État savoyard. Par-delà les formules d’usage, c’est toute cette ambivalence sémantique qu’il convient d’étudier, entre légitimité personnelle et reconnaissance institutionnelle. En fin de compte, le champ de la consanguinitas , dans ses usages pluriels, occupe une place éminente dans l’arsenal sémantique médiéval. La communion de sang demeure un élément fort structurant les relations de parenté et plus encore, l’horizon idéel et le langage politique de l’époque, en particulier dans la société aristocratique.
La croissance de la « pauvreté laborieuse »
Authors: Freyssinet Jacques
Published: February 2021

Depuis plus de vingt ans, les gouvernements du Royaume-Uni ont justifié les réformes du marché du travail et de la protection sociale par l’argument selon lequel le travail est le meilleur chemin pour sortir de la pauvreté. Or, malgré l’augmentation du taux d’emploi et du niveau du salaire minimum, la « pauvreté laborieuse » représente une part croissante de la pauvreté totale. L’explication principale de ce paradoxe réside dans la dégradation de la qualité de l’emploi : « Nous offrons plus de travail parce que nous sommes plus pauvres ».
Une folle exubérance. Hommage critique à Georges Bataille
Authors: Dewitte Jacques
Published: February 2021

« La notion de dépense » et La Part maudite de Georges Bataille sont parmi les textes les plus importants d’une mise en question philosophique du principe d’utilité. Bataille s’y montre très proche de la pensée du zoologue Adolf Portmann, l’auteur de La Forme animale . Toutefois, son anti-utilitarisme est tellement exacerbé qu’il débouche sur une forme de nihilisme, une philosophie de la destruction et de la mort. Ceci confirme qu’une tâche philosophique majeure est de maintenir une inspiration anti-utilitariste pouvant échapper à une telle dérive nihiliste.
Qu’est-ce qu’un titre de propriété industrielle ?
Authors: Galtier Florence , Bessac Maxime
Published: February 2021

Véritables moteurs du développement économique, l’innovation et la création industrielles, immatérielles de nature, bénéficient d’une reconnaissance et d’une protection par le droit se matérialisant par la délivrance d’un titre de propriété en contrepartie de leur dépôt auprès de l’Institut national de la propriété industrielle (INPI) et de leur mise à la connaissance du public. Le titulaire d’un brevet d’invention, d’une marque ou d’un dessin ou modèle, dispose ainsi d’importantes prérogatives sur son innovation ou sa création, dont un droit exclusif d’usage. Ce droit de propriété est limité à l’espace national et dans le temps, son maintien en vigueur étant conditionné au versement de redevances et à son exploitation. À l’expiration du titre de propriété industrielle, la création ou l’innovation concernée tombe dans le domaine public.
Les Conseils en propriété industrielle
Authors: Kiesel Le Cosquer Guylène , Bourgeois Henri
Published: February 2021

Qui sont les Conseils en propriété industrielle (CPI) ? Quels sont leurs objectifs ? En répondant à ces questions, les auteurs de cet article espèrent susciter, chez certains lecteurs au moins, des envies de découvrir la propriété intellectuelle et d’en faire le leur. Sont discutés dans cet article les origines de cette profession, les missions des CPI et les grands défis que les acteurs de l’innovation auront à relever.
A novel clustering method for breaking down the symmetric multiple traveling salesman problem
Authors: Hamdan Basma , Bashir Hamdi , Cheaitou Ali
Published: February 2021

Purpose: This study proposes a new two-stage clustering method to break down the symmetric multiple traveling salesman problem (mTSP) into several single standard traveling salesman problems, each of which can then be solved separately using a heuristic optimization algorithm.Design/methodology/approach: In the initial stage, a modified form of factor analysis is used to identify clusters of cities. In the second stage, the cities are allocated to the identified clusters using an integer-programming model. A comparison with the k-means++ clustering algorithm, one of the most popular clustering algorithms, was made to evaluate the performance of the proposed method in terms of four objective criteria.Findings: Computational results and comparison on 63 problems revealed that the proposed method is promising for producing quality clusters and thus for enhancing the performance of heuristic optimization algorithms in solving the mTSP.Originality/value: Unlike previous studies, this study tackles the issue of improving the performance of clustering-based optimization approaches in solving the mTSP by proposing a new clustering method that produces better cluster solutions rather than by proposing a new or improved version of a heuristic optimization algorithm for finding optimal routes.
Dynamic behavior of the macauba palm (Acrocomia aculeata) fruit-rachilla system using the stochastic finite element method
Authors: Rangel Jéssica Pontes , Queiroz Daniel Marçal de , Pinto Francisco de Assis de Carvalho , Teixeira Cleonice Campos , Santos Fábio Lúcio , Valente Domingos Sárvio Magalhães
Published: February 2021

The search for alternative energy sources has fomented the study of several crops. The macauba palm crop, for instance, has been highlighted because of its particular relevance in Brazil due to its wide distribution across Brazilian territory and its potential for yielding high amounts of oil per cultivated hectare. However, the species is still most commonly harvested via extractivism, which results in low yields. Therefore, we aimed to analyze the dynamic behavior of the fruit-rachilla system when subjected to mechanical vibration to gather baseline information for the subsequent development of macauba harvesting machines. The fruit-rachilla system of the species was modeled for different fruit maturation stages and plant accessions. Natural frequencies and modes of vibration were determined by the stochastic finite element method (FEM), adopting the specific mass and the modulus of elasticity of the system as random variables, which enabled us to compile a dataset of natural frequencies based on the variability of the system properties. The mean values of the natural frequencies obtained in the vibration assays were 26.02 Hz at the green maturation stage and 21.22 Hz at the ripe maturation stage. The mean values of natural frequencies found in the simulation by stochastic FEM, referring to the third mode of vibration, were 26.05 Hz at the green maturation stage and 21.23 Hz at the ripe maturation stage. We concluded that the natural frequencies of the macauba fruit-rachilla system on the basis of different plant accessions showed a decreasing behavior during fruit maturation. The modes of vibration characterized by pendulum displacement did not differ among plant accessions or between fruit maturation stages.
Training systems, rootstocks and climatic conditions influence quality and antioxidant activity of ‘BRS Cora’ grape
Authors: Costa Rayssa Ribeiro da , Ferreira Talita de Oliveira , Lima Maria Auxiliadora Coêlho de
Published: February 2021

Environmental and production factors might affect grapevine physiology. Estimating these effects is essential for planning the harvest and predicting the quality of grapes. The aim of this study was to characterize the quality and antioxidant potential of ‘BRS Cora’ grapes with different training systems and rootstocks in production cycles of the second half of the year under tropical conditions. The experimental design was randomized blocks with sub-subdivided plots over time. Three training systems and two rootstocks were studied in production cycles referring to the second halves of 2017 and 2018. In 2017, the grapes of plants trained with lyre and vertical shoot positioning (VSP) had the highest soluble solids and sugars contents, and in 2018, this response occurred with the overhead trellis system. There was lower variation in titratable acidity between cycles of grapevines trained with VSP and lyre, as well as in those grafted onto ‘IAC 572’. In 2018, lyre with ‘IAC 572’ promoted higher pigment accumulation. Climatic conditions in 2017 provided a higher accumulation of polyphenols and antioxidant activity in grapes of plants trained with lyre with ‘IAC 766’. The efficiency of the training system within each cycle, associated with the effect of the rootstock, resulted in differentiated responses according to climatic conditions.
The effects of feeding graded levels of whole cottonseed on semen characteristics and testicular profiles of Red Sokoto Bucks
Authors: Itodo Joy Iyojo , Ibrahim Rekwot Peter , Rwuaan Joseph Sankey , Aluwong Tanga , Shiradiyi Bugau John , Owoicho Abah Kenneth , Azubuike Ubah Simon , Agbi Kuje Althea
Published: February 2021

The present work evaluated the effects of feeding graded levels of whole cottonseed on reproductive parameters of Red Sokoto bucks. Twenty Red Sokoto bucks were used for the experiment. After a 14-day pre-treatment period, bucks were assigned for 90 days to one of four isonitrogeneous treatments: control (diet A); 0 mg kg-1 of total gossypol, (diet B); 15% mg kg-1 of total gossypol, (diet C); 30% mg kg-1 of total gossypol and (diet D); 45% mg kg-1 of total gossypol. The mean percentage sperm gross motility was significantly (p < 0.05) lower in group D (45% WCS) compared to groups C (30% WCS) and A (control) at days 60, 75 and 90. The mean semen pH and reaction time were not significantly (p > 0.05) different among treatment groups. Semen colour of the bucks in the control group was majorly creamy, in group C (30% WCS) and B (15% WCS) creamy to milky and group D (45% WCS) colourless. The mean semen volume was significantly (p < 0.05) higher in groups C and A compared to group D (45% WCS) at days 60, 75 and 90. The mean semen concentration was significantly (p < 0.05) lower in group D (45% WCS) when compared to group A (control) at days 30, 45, 60, 75 and 90. Group A (control) bucks had significantly (p < 0.05) higher percentage live sperm compared to those in group D (45% WCS) at days 45, 60, 75 and 90. Mean Sperm morphological abnormalities including detached head, free tail curved tail and midpiece droplets were significantly (p < 0.05) higher in group D (45%) than in group A (Control) at day 15 (for free tails) and day 90 (for all). Testicular and epididymal sperm reserves were higher in animals supplemented with up to 30% whole cottonseed. In conclusion, feeding bucks above 30% WCS resulted in more deleterious effects on the semen characteristics and testicular profile.
Characterization and effects of DDG on the intake and digestibility of finishing bulls in feedlots
Authors: Fonseca Natalia Vilas Boas , Cardoso Abmael da Silva , Hoffmann Alvair , Leite Rhaony Gonçalves , Ferrari Adriana Cristina , Fernandes Marcia Helena Machado da Rocha , Reis Ricardo Andrade
Published: February 2021

The aim of this study was to characterize four corn and sorghum co-products (DDG) in terms of their protein and carbohydrate fractions; we also evaluated the effects of substituting the protein source of the conventional supplement by DDG on consumption and nutrient digestibility in confined finishing cattle. Thirty-six male Nellore cattle with a mean age of 24 months were used. The treatments were: FA: concentrate with corn as an energy source and cottonseed meal as a protein source; DDG50: concentrate with a 50% substitution of the FA protein source by DDG; DDG100: concentrate with 100% substitution of the FA protein source by DDG. The experimental design was completely randomized with three treatments and three replicates (pens) containing four animals per pen. We found that the use of DDG in the finishing phase did not interfere with the animals’ food intake or the digestibility of the nutrients (p > 0.05). Nutrients were used by the animals; therefore, DDGs may be viable substitutes of cottonseed meal. We conclude that the bromatological composition of this co-product is influenced a lot during processing; therefore, the nutritional values of this co-product present in the composition tables may not be true.
Mídias digitais e produção audiovisual na disciplina de Espanhol como língua estrangeira: uma experiência no ensino médio integrado ao técnico
Authors: Carvalho Márcio Palácios de , Kanashiro Daniela Sayuri Kawamoto
Published: February 2021

Este texto é resultado da pesquisa desenvolvida no programa de Pós-graduação Lato Sensu em Linguística Aplicada e Ensino de Línguas da Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul - UFMS, campus Campo Grande, no período de agosto de 2017 a novembro de 2018. O objetivo do estudo foi analisar as possibilidades de explorar diversas modalidades da linguagem oral, escrita, verbal, não verbal, imagética no ensino do espanhol como língua estrangeira, doravante ELE, por meio da utilização de mídias digitais em produções audiovisuais. Para desenvolver o projeto de produção de vídeos, escolhemos uma turma do Curso Técnico em Agropecuária, integrado ao Ensino Médio do Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia de Mato Grosso do Sul - IFMS, campus Nova Andradina. O trabalho insere-se na área do ensino de línguas estrangeiras, caracteriza-se como uma pesquisa-ação. Recorremos, durante o processo investigativo, a pesquisadores que atuam no campo aplicado dos estudos da linguagem, tais como: Braga (2013), Dionísio (2011), Eres Fernández (2010), Ribeiro (2018), Rojo e Barbosa (2015), entre outros. A metodologia consistiu em: (1) apresentar a proposta, exibir e analisar materiais audiovisuais curtos; (2) visitar e anotar dados sobre as instalações das Unidades Educativas de Produção (UEP), os animais e os maquinários agrícolas; (3) escrever os roteiros, as legendas e planejar a apresentação em língua espanhola; (4) organizar diferentes semioses coletadas - fotos, imagens, música em espanhol, entrevistas e (5) usar o programa Movavi para editar o arquivo. Os estudantes produziram sete vídeos, relacionados à língua espanhola, dos quais analisamos três. No estudo, constatamos que é possível realizar um trabalho mais dinâmico no ensino ELE, em consonância com as necessidades de interação na sociedade cada vez mais globalizada.
Ensino e aprendizagem: educação como encontro inter-humano em Rogers e Morin
Authors: Chaves Nery Charlon Ribeiro , Cheiram Maryeli Corrêa , Zucolotto Marcele Pereira da Rosa , Alves Marcos Alexandre
Published: February 2021

Tem-se por objetivo, com o presente artigo, apontar uma visão crítica sobre a desumanização na educação, a partir de Rogers e Morin, considerando o panorama atual no ensino. Utilizou-se da metodologia bibliográfica e exploratória. Uma vez detectada uma situação de fragilidade e necessidade de revisão da conjuntura atual no campo educacional, apresentou-se a visão de cada autor, com um acento especial para o resgate do humano e a valorização da pessoa do aluno, enquanto protagonista do processo de educação. A postura do ‘aprender a aprender’ torna-se fundamental nesta discussão e funciona aqui como uma dobradiça, pois encontra-se presente tanto à reflexão de Morin (2011, 2014) como de Rogers (1973, 1987), o que vai justamente colaborando para o encontro de pontos de intersecção entre os dois pensadores. Ao final, apresenta-se algumas chaves de leitura que articulam a análise anterior sobre via de possibilitar saídas frente ao atual momento vivido pela educação.
Recordações de maus-tratos escolares em alunos universitários
Authors: Crochíck José Leon , Dias Marian Avila de Lima , Ferber Horácio Martin
Published: February 2021

Se um dos objetivos da educação é o de desbarbarizar os indivíduos, este artigo relata pesquisa que investigou se houve: variação no tipo de maus tratos entre diversos níveis de ensino argentinos; manutenção dos papeis pelos alunos nesses maus-tratos, e relação entre esses tipos de papeis. Aplicou-se questionário a 70 universitários, que assinalaram recordações, no ensino primário e secundário, sobre se praticaram, apoiaram, observaram e/ou sofreram 10 tipos de agressão. Resultou que: não houve mudanças dos tipos de agressão do nível primário para o secundário; houve tendência a manter os papeis na agressão, e houve relação entre ser praticante e apoiador da violência, nos dois níveis verificados e entre ser alvo da agressão e observador no nível primário. Assim, dada a frequência de maus-tratos e a manutenção da violência nos dois tipos de nível de ensino examinados, o objetivo de desbarbarização dos indivíduos não está, em boa parte, sendo cumprido pela educação.