bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
HATS-43b, HATS-44b, HATS-45b, and HATS-46b: Four Short-period Transiting Giant Planets in the Neptune–Jupiter Mass Range*
Authors: Brahm R. , Hartman J. D. , Jordán A. , Bakos G. Á. , Espinoza N. , Rabus M. , Bhatti W. , Penev K. , Sarkis P. , Suc V. , Csubry Z. , Bayliss D. , Bento J. , Zhou G. , Mancini L. , Henning T. , Ciceri S. , Val-Borro M. de , Shectman S. , Crane J. D. , Arriagada P. , Butler P. , Teske J. , Thompson I. , Osip D. , Díaz M. , Schmidt B. , Lázár J. , Papp I. , Sári P.
Published: February 2018

We report the discovery of four short-period extrasolar planets transiting moderately bright stars from photometric measurements of the HATSouth network coupled to additional spectroscopic and photometric follow-up observations. While the planet masses range from 0.26 to 0.90

, the radii are all approximately a Jupiter radii, resulting in a wide range of bulk densities. The orbital period of the planets ranges from 2.7 days to 4.7 days, with HATS-43b having an orbit that appears to be marginally non-circular (e = 0.173 ± 0.089). HATS-44 is notable for having a high metallicity (

= 0.320 ± 0.071). The host stars spectral types range from late F to early K, and all of them are moderately bright (13.3 < V < 14.4), allowing the execution of future detailed follow-up observations. HATS-43b and HATS-46b, with expected transmission signals of 2350 ppm and 1500 ppm, respectively, are particularly well suited targets for atmospheric characterization via transmission spectroscopy.
Exoplanet-induced Radio Emission from M Dwarfs
Authors: Turnpenney Sam , Nichols Jonathan D. , Wynn Graham A. , Burleigh Matthew R.
Published: February 2018

We consider the magnetic interaction of exoplanets orbiting M dwarfs, calculating the expected Poynting flux carried upstream along Alfvén wings to the central star. A region of emission analogous to the Io footprint observed in Jupiter’s aurora is produced, and we calculate the radio flux density generated near the surface of the star via the electron-cyclotron maser instability. We apply the model to produce individual case studies for the TRAPPIST-1, Proxima Centauri, and dwarf NGTS-1 systems. We predict steady-state flux densities of up to ∼10 μJy and sporadic bursts of emission of up to ∼1 mJy from each case study, suggesting these systems may be detectable with the Very Large Array and the Giant Metrewave Radio Telescope, and perhaps the Square Kilometre Array in the future. Finally, we present a survey of 85 exoplanets orbiting M dwarfs, identifying 11 such objects capable of generating radio emission above 10 μJy.
The Isophotal Structure of Star-forming Galaxies at 0.5 < z < 1.8 in CANDELS: Implications for the Evolution of Galaxy Structure
Authors: Jiang Dongfei , Liu F. S. , Zheng Xianzhong , Yesuf Hassen M. , Koo David C. , Faber S. M. , Guo Yicheng , Koekemoer Anton M. , Wang Weichen , Fang Jerome J. , Barro Guillermo , Jia Meng , Tong Wei , Liu Lu , Meng Xianmin , Kocevski Dale , McGrath Elizabeth J. , Hathi Nimish P.
Published: February 2018

We have measured the radial profiles of isophotal ellipticity (ε) and disky/boxy parameter A
4 out to radii of about three times the semimajor axes for ∼4600 star-forming galaxies (SFGs) between redshift 0.5 and 1.8 in the CANDELS/GOODS-S and UDS fields. Based on the average size–mass relation in each redshift bin, we divide our galaxies at a given mass into Small SFGs (SSFGs; smaller than the average) and Large SFGs (LSFGs; larger than the average). We show that, at low masses (

), the SSFGs generally have nearly flat ε and A
4 profiles in both edge-on and face-on views, especially at

. Moreover, the median A
4 values at all radii are almost zero. In contrast, the highly inclined low-mass LSFGs in the same mass-redshift bins generally have monotonically increasing ε profiles with radius and disky feature dominated in the intermediate regions. These findings imply that at these redshifts, the low-mass SSFGs are not disk-like, whereas the low-mass LSFGs likely harbour disk-like components flattened by significant rotations. At high masses (

), both highly inclined SSFGs and LSFGs generally exhibit distinct trends in both ε and A
4 profiles, which increase at lower radii, reach maxima, then decrease at larger radii. Such the feature is more prevalent for more massive (

) galaxies or at lower redshifts (

). This feature can be simply explained if galaxies possess all three components: central bulges, disks in the intermediate regions, and halo-like stellar components in the outskirts.
Disparities in Outcomes for Blacks versus Whites Undergoing Total Hip Arthroplasty: A Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Mehta Bella Y. , Bass Anne R. , Goto Rie , Russell Linda A. , Parks Michael L. , Figgie Mark P. , Goodman Susan M.
Published: February 2018

Objective.

Total hip replacement (THA) surgery is a successful procedure, yet blacks in the United States undergo THA less often and reflect poorer outcomes than whites. The purpose of this study is to systematically review the literature on health-related quality of life after THA, comparing blacks and whites.

Methods.

A librarian-assisted search was performed in Medline through PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library on February 27, 2017. Original cohort studies examining pain, function, and satisfaction in blacks and whites 1 year after elective THA were included. Using the Patient/Population–Intervention–Comparison/Comparator–Outcome (PICO) process format, our population of interest was US black adults, our intervention was elective THA, our comparator was white adults, and our outcomes of interest were pain, function, and satisfaction after elective THA. The protocol was registered under the PROSPERO international register, and the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines were followed.

Results.

Of the articles, 4739 were screened by title, 180 by abstract, 25 by full text, and 4 remained for analysis. The studies represented 1588 THA patients, of whom 240 (15%) were black. All studies noted more pain and worse function for blacks; although differences were statistically significant, they were not clinically significant. One study sought and identified less satisfaction for blacks after THA, and 1 study showed worse fear and anxiety scores in blacks.

Conclusion.

When measured, there are small differences in THA outcomes between blacks and whites, but most studies do not analyze/collect race. Future studies should address the effect of race and socioeconomic factors on healthcare disparities.
Safety, and Humoral and Cell-mediated Immune Responses to Herpes Zoster Vaccine in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Koh Jung Hee , Lee Jaeseon , Kim Seo Hwa , Kwok Seung-Ki , Ju Ji Hyeon , Park Sung-Hwan
Published: February 2018

Objective.

To examine humoral and cellular immune responses induced by a live attenuated herpes zoster (HZ) vaccine in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) compared with osteoarthritis (OA) patients.

Methods.

This was an observational study of a live attenuated HZ vaccine in 41 patients with RA receiving conventional disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (cDMARD) and/or low-dose glucocorticoids (GC) and in 28 patients with OA. Blood samples were obtained before and at 12 weeks after HZ vaccination. Immunogenicity was assessed using varicella zoster virus (VZV)-specific interferon gamma ELISA and an in-house ELISA. Clinical outcomes, including adverse events, HZ occurrence, and RA flares, were analyzed.

Results.

No patients developed vaccination-induced HZ during the followup period (median = 1.6 yrs). The HZ vaccine induced a significant increase in the VZV-specific enzyme-linked immunospot spot-forming units and anti-VZV immunoglobulin G antibodies in patients with RA and OA. The number of spot-forming units was lower in patients with RA than in patients with OA both at baseline and at 12 weeks after vaccination. The disease activity index for patients with RA was similar at baseline and at 12 weeks after vaccination. However, 6 patients with RA (14.6%) experienced a flare during the 12 weeks. Overall, 17 (24.6%) participants reported a mild adverse event such as an injection site reaction (11.6%).

Conclusion.

The HZ vaccine induced VZV-specific cellular and humoral responses in patients with RA. Although patients with RA showed a weaker vaccine-induced VZV-specific cellular immune response than patients with OA, the vaccine may be considered in patients with RA receiving cDMARD and/or low dose GC.
Éducation thérapeutique en odontologie pédiatrique : analyse des obstacles et leviers au développement de programmes en France en 2016
Authors: Marquillier Thomas , Trentesaux Thomas , Gagnayre Rémi
Published: February 2018

Objectif : L’éducation thérapeutique du patient (ETP) a investi ces dernières années le champ de la médecine bucco-dentaire. La prise en charge de la carie précoce de l’enfant, reconnue comme une maladie chronique des plus fréquentes, a évolué pour y intégrer une dimension éducative. L’objectif de cette étude était de faire émerger les leviers et les freins au développement de programmes autorisés d’ETP ainsi que les alternatives. Méthodes : Une étude qualitative exploratoire compréhensive a été menée entre novembre 2015 et juin 2016 sur un échantillon ciblé de 15 personnes sensibilisées à la problématique de l’ETP en médecine bucco-dentaire. Résultats : L’étude rapporte que la formation d’ETP en odontologie est trop peu développée alors que les bénéfices attendus sont multiples : évolution de la posture du soignant, mise en place de programmes éducatifs structurés, développement de la recherche… Les freins au développement de programmes apparaissent nombreux : manque de moyens, rigidité législative ou encore manque de connaissance de cette pratique. La profession odontologique représente en elle-même un obstacle de par son manque de compréhension et son intégration inhomogène au monde médical. Des leviers émergent de notre étude dont les principaux sont l’évolution de la profession et la mise à disposition de ressources pour développer l’ETP. Si des alternatives aux programmes d’ETP sont présentes (actions éducatives, santé connectée) elles ne peuvent s’y substituer pour autant. Conclusion : Développer davantage les stratégies éducatives en odontologie est possible et nécessaire. Néanmoins il convient d’adapter le cadre à la profession afin qu’elle puisse l’investir pleinement.
Interventions en littératie en santé et éducation thérapeutique : une revue de la littérature
Authors: Margat Aurore , Gagnayre Rémi , Lombrail Pierre , de Andrade Vincent , Azogui-Levy Sylvie
Published: February 2018

Introduction  : Un faible niveau de Littératie en Santé (LS) constitue un obstacle à l’éducation thérapeutique du patient (ETP) et particulièrement pour les personnes en situation de vulnérabilité qui ont également plus de risques d’être touchées par les maladies chroniques et leurs complications. Il semble donc essentiel de repenser les programmes d’ETP afin de tendre vers plus d’équité. Pour cela, une analyse des caractéristiques des interventions visant la LS et de leurs relations possibles avec l’ETP est nécessaire. Méthodes  : Une revue de la littérature de type scoping review a été effectuée entre novembre 2014 et janvier 2016, à partir des moteurs de recherche suivants : MEDLINE / PubMed, Embase, psycinfo, ERIC, Opengrey, SUDOC, thèses.fr , BDSP. Les termes de recherche : « health literacy », « Littératie en santé », « literacy », « littératie », « numeracy », « numératie », « compétence en santé » combinés avec les mots-clés : « programme », « program », « intervention », « méthode », « method », « technique », « outil », « tool ». Résultats : Une sélection de 40 études sur 206 a conduit à catégoriser les interventions selon deux grands types : (i) des interventions spécifiques favorisant la compréhension des ressources destinées aux patients ; (ii) des interventions, généralement complexes, visant à soutenir et améliorer les compétences en LS. Discussion : Alors que le niveau de LS influence l’accessibilité des programmes d’ETP, il semblerait pertinent d’une part de rendre les programmes plus accessibles et d’autre part d’appréhender l’ETP comme une opportunité pour répondre, selon ses modalités propres, aux besoins en LS. Il semble que la mise en place de partenariats entre les milieux socio-éducatifs et de la santé puisse être une stratégie efficace, tout comme la formation des soignants-éducateurs à augmenter la LS des patients. Conclusion : Il est possible d’articuler les interventions en LS et l’ETP. Des recherches devraient questionner les modalités pédagogiques à mettre en œuvre pour adapter les programmes d’ETP à la LS.
Patients en situation palliative en hospitalisation à domicile : trajectoires de soins et caractéristiques cliniques
Authors: Boisserie-Lacroix Laure , Marquestaut Odile , de Stampa Matthieu
Published: February 2018

Introduction : Une large majorité de Français expriment le souhait d’une prise en charge à domicile en situation palliative. L’objectif est de décrire les trajectoires de soins et les caractéristiques cliniques des patients en situation palliative pris en charge par l’hospitalisation à domicile. Méthodes : Notre étude a décrit les modalités de prise en charge et les caractéristiques cliniques des patients en situation palliative suivis par une hospitalisation à domicile francilienne. Le recueil des données a été rétrospectif à partir des bases de données du programme de médicalisation des systèmes d’information en 2014. Résultats : Huit cent dix-sept patients en situation palliative et suivis en hospitalisation à domicile ont été inclus. Ces patients étaient plus âgés, entraient plus souvent en HAD sur prescription du médecin traitant, avaient des durées de séjour plus courtes et décédaient plus fréquemment à domicile comparativement aux patients hors situation palliative. Ils présentaient majoritairement une pathologie cancéreuse et recevaient des soins techniques fréquents. Les patients les plus âgés (≥ 75 ans) présentaient plus souvent des maladies neuro-dégénératives, étaient moins transférés en hospitalisation avec hébergement et décédaient davantage à domicile. La proportion de décès était plus élevée en établissement d’hébergement pour personnes âgées (EHPAD) et les patients décédés à domicile recevaient moins de soins techniques. Conclusion : Cette étude apporte des enseignements importants concernant les modes de prise en charge en hospitalisation à domicile et les changements fréquents de lieux de soins. Elle témoigne de la complexité de l’accompagnement à domicile des patients en situation palliative jusqu’à leur décès.
Production des statistiques sanitaires au Sénégal : entre enjeux politiques et jeux d’acteurs
Authors: Hane Fatoumata
Published: February 2018

Introduction : Tous les pays ont mis en place des systèmes de surveillance des maladies pour faire face à la survenue d’épidémies. Malgré le fait que les systèmes d’information sanitaire existent depuis plus de deux décennies, des contraintes et des biais dans la collecte des données remettent en cause la pertinence des décisions politiques et stratégiques en matière de santé. En effet, la priorité a été accordée, dans les pays en développement, à l’éducation et à la santé. Il s’est alors développé, sous l’impulsion des bailleurs de fonds, des systèmes de production de statistiques dont le but était entre autres de mieux cibler les interventions en termes d’objectifs d’action et de crédibilité et de permettre aux systèmes de santé de pouvoir continuer à bénéficier de financements extérieurs. Méthodes : Nous avons utilisé une démarche classique en anthropologie faite d’observations et d’entretiens avec les acteurs du système de santé au Sénégal aux niveaux local et national. Résultats : Les priorités de santé définies par les organisations internationales et les partenaires techniques et financiers se concentrent sur des pathologies jugées essentiellement « prioritaires » au détriment d’autres négligées mais perçues comme plus importantes au niveau local du fait de leur incidence sur des systèmes de santé déjà fortement éprouvés. Nous avons pu décrire à l’échelle des structures de santé, la manière dont les acteurs de la santé au niveau local s’ajustent et s’adaptent par rapport aux exigences de santé publique. Discussion : Cet article permet d’analyser les effets réels de la production des statistiques sanitaires dans les systèmes de soins et par là d’interroger la pertinence de ces chiffres dans le contexte où ils s’appliquent.
Plaidoyer pour un renforcement du système de pharmacovigilance au Burkina Faso
Authors: Kaboré Lassané , Yaméogo Téné Marceline , Sombié Issiaka , Ouédraogo Moussa , Fofana Souleymane , Berthé Abdramane , Semdé Rasmané , Kirakoya-Samadoulougou Fati
Published: February 2018

Dans de nombreux pays d’Afrique subsaharienne qui sont confrontés à des problèmes majeurs de santé publique comme le paludisme et le VIH, un déploiement massif de nouveaux médicaments a été observé au cours des deux dernières décennies. Or, certains de ces médicaments comportent une toxicité plus ou moins importante, pouvant entraîner une baisse de l’observance voire l’arrêt des traitements. Il est donc apparu nécessaire de mettre en place des systèmes de pharmacovigilance dans ces pays. C’est le cas du Burkina Faso dont le Ministère de la santé s’est engagé à organiser les activités de pharmacovigilance depuis 2008. En dépit de quelques efforts, ces systèmes n’ont pas encore atteint un niveau de performance à même de leur permettre de faire face aux nombreux défis sanitaires, mettant ainsi en évidence la nécessité d’autres actions prioritaires. Le renforcement de la pharmacovigilance au Burkina Faso peut se faire à plusieurs niveaux : la formation initiale et continue des agents de santé, la mise en place d’une surveillance active dans des sites sentinelles, l’information et la sensibilisation du public, et le renforcement de la coordination nationale.
Impact of density, reproduction period and age on fecundity of the yellow mealwormTenebrio molitor (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae)
Authors: Berggreen I.E. , Offenberg J. , Calis M. , Heckmann L.-H.
Published: February 2018

The impact of adult density, reproduction period (days in the same container) and age on reproduction ofTenebrio molitor Linnaeus (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) were studied. Data were analysed as total number of larvae in each container (38 cm2) and as daily reproduction per capita. The study was divided in two experiments. Experiment 1 examined the influence of four densities (0.11, 0.21, 0.42 and 0.84 beetles/cm2) and five reproduction periods (1, 2, 3, 4 and 6 days) on reproduction. Experiment 2 examined the effect of age (30-92 days) and three densities (0.11, 0.21 and 0.32 beetles/cm2) on reproduction. The total number of larvae per container was significantly affected by reproduction period and adult density, attaining the highest output at the longest reproduction period of 6 days (214±101 larvae) and highest density of 0.84 beetles/cm2 (215±112 larvae). Daily per capita reproduction, however, was highest at the second lowest density of 0.21 beetles/cm2 (8.58±3.82 larvae/female/day) and shortest reproduction period of 1 day (8.34±4.68 larvae/female/day). In experiment 2, age had a significant effect on reproduction both as total number of larvae per container and number of larvae per female per day. The highest reproduction was found when beetles were 30 days old, but reproduction was in general highest for 13-29 days old females (experiment 1). For production context the highest density of beetles provides highest output of larvae, and beetles are not expected to be stressed under these conditions.
Alkali-resistant glass fiber reinforced high strength concrete in simulated aggressive environment
Authors: Kwan W. H. , Cheah C. B. , Ramli M. , Chang K. Y.
Published: February 2018

The durability of the alkali-resistant (AR) glass fiber reinforced concrete (GFRC) in three simulated aggresive environments, namely tropical climate, cyclic air and seawater and seawater immersion was investigated. Durability examinations include chloride diffusion, gas permeability, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy examination (SEM). The fiber content is in the range of 0.6 % to 2.4 %. Results reveal that the specimen containing highest AR glass fiber content suffered severe strength loss in seawater environment and relatively milder strength loss under cyclic conditions. The permeability property was found to be more inferior with the increase in the fiber content of the concrete. This suggests that the AR glass fiber is not suitable for use as the fiber reinforcement in concrete is exposed to seawater. However, in both the tropical climate and cyclic wetting and drying, the incorporation of AR glass fiber prevents a drastic increase in permeability.
Notes sur la part d’imitation dans l’innovation en architecture
Authors: Laporte Rémi
Published: February 2018

Un architecte n’innove-t-il que lorsqu’il produit un travail de création esthétique, qu’il utilise des matériaux nouveaux, ou qu’il recourt à des méthodes inhabituelles ? Dans cet article, nous posons l’hypothèse qu’un processus d’innovation auquel participe la conception d’une architecture peut emprunter les voies moins manifestes de l’imitation, telles que Quatremère de Quincy les a définies au XIXe siècle. En confrontant ce postulat, d’une part à des définitions récentes de ces notions, et d’autre part aux fenêtres conçues par sept architectes dans des opérations de logement collectif depuis l’entrée en vigueur des dernières réglementations thermiques, nous cherchons à identifier comment innovation et imitation peuvent s’articuler en architecture, et les façons dont elles peuvent agir dans le travail de conception.
Prevalence and Association of Escherichia coli and Diarrheagenic Escherichia coli in Stored Foods for Young Children and Flies Caught in the Same Households in Rural Bangladesh
Authors: Doza Solaiman , Jabeen Rahman Musarrat , Islam Mohammad Aminul , Kwong Laura H. , Unicomb Leanne , Ercumen Ayse , Pickering Amy J. , Parvez Sarker Masud , Naser Abu Mohd , Ashraf Sania , Das Kishor Kumar , Luby Stephen P.
Published: February 2018

Consumption of contaminated stored food can cause childhood diarrhea. Flies carry enteropathogens, although their contribution to food contamination remains unclear. We investigated the role of flies in contaminating stored food by collecting food and flies from the same households in rural Bangladesh. We selected 182 households with children ≤ 24 months old that had stored foods for later feeding at room temperature for ≥ 3 hours. We collected food samples and captured flies with fly tapes hung by the kitchen. We used the IDEXX Quanti-Tray System (Colilert-18 media; IDEXX Laboratories, Inc., Westbrook, ME) to enumerate Escherichia coli with the most probable number (MPN) method. Escherichia coli–positive IDEXX wells were analyzed by polymerase chain reaction for pathogenic E. coli genes (eae, ial, bfp, ipaH, st, lt, aat, aaiC, stx1, and stx2). Escherichia coli was detected in 61% (111/182) of food samples, with a mean of 1.1 log10 MPN/dry g. Fifteen samples (8%) contained pathogenic E. coli; seven (4%) had enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC) genes (eae and/or bfp); and 10 (5%) had enteroaggregative E. coli genes (aat and/or aaiC). Of flies captured in 68 (37%) households, E. coli was detected in 41 (60%, mean 2.9 log10 MPN/fly), and one fly (1%) had an EPEC gene (eae). For paired fly-food samples, each log10 MPN E. coli increase in flies was associated with a 0.31 log10 MPN E. coli increase in stored food (95% confidence interval: 0.07, 0.55). In rural Bangladesh, flies possibly a likely route for fecal contamination of stored food. Controlling fly populations may reduce contamination of food stored for young children.
Identification and Preliminary Evaluation of a Novel Recombinant Protein for Serodiagnosis of Strongyloidiasis
Authors: Arifin Norsyahida , Yunus Muhammad Hafiznur , Nolan Thomas J. , Lok James B. , Noordin Rahmah
Published: February 2018

Strongyloides stercoralis is a human parasite that can cause a long-term infection. In immunosuppressed patients, strongyloidiasis may be fatal when there is overwhelming autoinfection resulting in the migration of large numbers of larvae through many organs. Definitive diagnosis is still a challenge, and a combination of symptoms, microscopic identification, and serology test results are often used to arrive at a clinical decision. However, intermittent larval excretion, low parasite burden, and occult infections are challenges with parasitological diagnosis of infection with S. stercoralis. Meanwhile, serologic tests using immunoglobulin G and parasite antigen extract have problems of cross-reactivity with other helminthic infections. Recombinant antigen-based serodiagnosis is a good alternative to overcome the laboratory diagnostic issues. Herein, we report on the isolation of cDNA clone encoding an antigen of potential diagnostic value identified from immunoscreening of a S. stercoralis cDNA library. The translated protein had highest similarity to Strongyloides ratti immunoglobulin-binding protein 1. The recombinant antigen produced, rSs1a, was assessed using western blot and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The latter showed 96% diagnostic sensitivity and 93% specificity; thus, rSs1a has good potential for use in serodiagnosis of human strongyloidiasis.
Multiple Phenotypic and Genotypic Artemisinin Sensitivity Evaluation of Malian Plasmodium falciparum Isolates
Authors: Niaré Karamoko , Paloque Lucie , Ménard Sandie , Tor Pety , Ramadani Arba P. , Augereau Jean-Michel , Dara Antoine , Berry Antoine , Benoit-Vical Françoise , Doumbo Ogobara K.
Published: February 2018

We assessed the ex vivo/in vitro sensitivity of 54 Malian Plasmodium falciparum isolates to artemisinin for the monitoring of drug resistance in this area. The artemisinin sensitivity of parasites was evaluated using 1) the ex vivo and in vitro parasite recrudescence detection after treatment of the ring stage with 1–200 nM artemisinin for 48 hours and 2) the in vitro parasite recrudescence kinetics assay over 7 days after 6-hour treatment of the ring stage with 700 nM dihydroartemisinin (DHA). In addition, as recommended by the World Health Organization for artemisinin resistance characterization, the ring-stage survival assay (RSA0–3 h) was performed and the parasite isolates were sequenced at the kelch 13 propeller locus. No clinical and molecular evidence of artemisinin resistance was observed. However, these isolates present different phenotypic profiles in response to artemisinin treatments. Despite all RSA0–3 h values less than 1.5%, six out of 46 (13.0%) isolates tested ex vivo and four out of six (66.7%) isolates tested in vitro were able to multiply after 48-hour treatments with 100 nM artemisinin. Moreover, five out of eight isolates tested showed faster parasite recovery after DHA treatment in kinetic assays. The presence of such phenotypes needs to be taken into account in the assessment of the efficacy of artemisinins in Mali. The assays presented here appear as valuable tools for the monitoring of artemisinin sensitivity in the field and thus could help to evaluate the risk of emergence of artemisinin resistance in Africa.
Case Report: Conjunctival Infestation with Thelazia gulosa: A Novel Agent of Human Thelaziasis in the United States
Authors: Bradbury Richard S. , Breen Kathleen V. , Bonura Erin M. , Hoyt John W. , Bishop Henry S.
Published: February 2018

We report a case of thelaziasis in a 26-year-old female, acquired in Oregon. A total of 14 worms were removed from the patient’s left eye and were morphologically identified as being Thelazia gulosa. Until now, only two species of Thelazia have been implicated in causing human disease, Thelazia callipaeda in Asia and Europe and occasional reports of Thelazia californiensis from the United States of America. Here, we describe a third, previously unreported parasite of humans, T. gulosa (the cattle eyeworm) as an agent of human thelaziasis and the first reported case of human thelaziasis in North America in over two decades.
Recommended Practices for CNG Powered Medium and Heavy-Duty Trucks
Authors:   Truck and Bus Powertrain Committee
Published: February 2018

This SAE Recommended Practice provides guidance for the construction, operation, and maintenance of CNG powered medium and heavy-duty trucks. The intent of this document is to cover TRUCKS (6350 kg (14 001 gvw pounds) and above) and specifically excludes passenger vehicles such as: buses, recreational vehicles, motor homes and/or passenger vehicles which may incorporate a truck chassis in their construction.
Hacia una metodología del proceso creativo y su validación en el ámbito de investigación académico
Authors: González Castro Carmen
Published: February 2018

Esta comunicación está dirigida a la exploración de una posible metodología del proceso creativo, y forma parte de un trabajo de investigación más amplio llevado a cabo en el marco del Máster de Investigación en Arte y Creación de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid.

La hipótesis que se pretende demostrar es que es posible definir una metodología de la creación artística a partir del contraste entre una serie de casos de estudio y la reflexión de los artistas sobre su propio proceso creativo. A dicho proceso se atribuye una alta carga de intuición. Esta suposición será aquí rebatida como idea ligada al mito del genio creador y defendida en los términos que definen la idea de investigación dentro del ámbito académico.

Para tal fin, utilizaremos, como punto de partida, una entrevista realizada a la artista Soledad Sevilla. Partiendo de la base de la ausencia de una terminología establecida para definir qué significa la investigación en la creación artística, la entrevista se contrastará con otra realizada en el contexto del proyecto Grid_Spinoza a la bióloga Cristina Pujades. El objetivo es mostrar algunas de las diferencias y convergencias en los dos tipos de investigación, artístico y científico, para, en la medida de lo posible, clarificar y matizar los procesos y terminología específicos de ambos. Habiendo encontrado términos análogos en los dos campos, creemos que es posible validar desde una perspectiva académica la investigación artística.

Con ello, se espera poder llegar a conclusiones en torno a la especificidad de dicha investigación para darle cabida dentro del formato y las convenciones de lo que se ha venido entendiendo como contexto académico, y, por tanto y únicamente, de las prácticas investigadoras de las disciplinas científicas.
Dale, dale, dale. La construcción de imaginarios híbridos y el desplazamiento de elementos locales en la práctica artística
Authors: Gónzalez Ibáñez Edurne
Published: February 2018

La cultura visual contemporánea inmaterial, fragmentada y líquida se encuentra permeada por los procesos de globalización que se articulan en torno a los mecanismos de producción, los medios de distribución y el consumo de imágenes. La aparente fluidez, simultaneidad y transparencia desde donde se construyen y se propagan, entra en conflicto directo con la realidad material de las fronteras que continúan levantándose y los muros que siguen limitando la libre circulación, colisionando, de esta manera, con el modelo que vende la idea de un mundo cada vez más conectado e inclusivo.

Estas evidencias así como sus contradicciones ponen de relieve algunas características del paradigma contemporáneo, en donde resulta urgente establecer un intersticio para cuestionar las direcciones por las que circulan y la inmediatez con la que se modifican las visualidades híbridas actuales, que -en un bucle constante de redefinición- modelan un sistema en tránsito continuo que propicia comportamientos sociales y dinámicas difíciles de consolidar entre individuos.

El objetivo consiste en analizar el modo de construcción y la permanente movilidad de estos ‘otros’ imaginarios que se nutren de ‘lo particular’ para transgredir su ámbito cercano de sentido. Partiremos de la aproximación a un elemento específico; ‘la piñata’, desde su noción de pertenencia a distintos contextos y temporalidades, para profundizar en sus connotaciones a partir de la inserción y su desplazamiento en el trabajo de los artistas; Diego Nessi, Teresa Serrano y la alusión a una propuesta personal desarrollada en el marco de una beca de producción artística en la Fundación BilbaoArte a lo largo de 2016. Atendiendo, finalmente, a la estructura de relaciones que desbordan sus límites tradicionales, cuestionando desde la práctica artística las consecuencias y las repercusiones de la crisis permanente en la que estamos inmersos.
Cargo Culte: La estética del Culto de cargo en el contexto urbano posindustrial de la Ciudad de México
Authors: Hernández Robles Edgar Carlos
Published: February 2018

La Ciudad de México ha visto en los últimos veinte años diversas formas de habitar sus espacios públicos, convertidos también en espacios de conflicto por las condiciones geo-políticas imperantes, estos no-sitios han sido poblados por manifestaciones estéticas, todas coincidentes en una gramática visual de la apropiación, el emplazamiento y la acumulación de objetos en desuso, chatarra y demás excedentes de un sistema económico alguna vez promesa de modernidad que nunca llegó. Este proyecto construyó un puente entre estas manifestaciones estéticas urbanas con el fenómeno aparecido durante la Segunda Guerra Mundial en las islas de Oceanía Remota: los cargo cults, mito que incubó los movimientos de independencia en este archipiélago. La investigación abordó éste puente desde el dibujo en la noción de dispositivo: entidad transversal, heurística y autónoma que a partir de una estrategia situacionista generó una taxonomía conformada por 22 láminas de medio tono a la usanza de la ilustración científica, la cual recopiló utilizando la deriva como trabajo de campo diversos ensamblajes callejeros en la ciudad, siendo todos construidos por bricoleurs: creadores anónimos-colectivos. La investigación especula que estos ensamblajes poseen una carga simbólica emancipatoria. Esta tesis contribuye al estudio del dibujo como un dispositivo, que opera como palanca para articular ideas, aprehender el mundo y colaborar en nuevos saberes universales, decoloniales y emancipatorios como posibilidades de afirmación colectiva.
EL TAG COMO CELDA DE VIGILANCIA. Una visión crítica de los metadatos y sistemas de reconocimiento facial a través de las prácticas artísticas
Authors: López-Cleries Gloria , Porras Soriano Álvaro
Published: February 2018

En la actualidad la expansión de las redes sociales ha hecho posible la aparición de un nuevo modelo de vigilancia más descentralizado y más difuso. La web 2.0 y los dispositivos smartphone permiten poner en tránsito información privada a disposición de los usuarios y de empresas público - privadas que forman parte de la nueva economía de red. La cotidianización de las aplicaciones con geolocalizadores permiten almacenar todo tipo de actividades y realizar la reconstrucción de todas nuestras acciones, deseos y afectos. En un contexto de hiper-exposición, de la sociedad hiper-conectada 24/7, se alza como un nuevo modelo de vigilancia más difuso, pero manteniendo el mismo efecto del Panóptico, que impacta sobre la psicología user creando un poder disciplinario ante la incertidumbre de estar en un foco de vigilancia.

La celda de aislamiento y vigilancia del Panóptico se convierte hoy no solo en cada cuenta personalizada en las redes sociales sino en toda la información que registra el historial de Google asociado a una cuenta de mail personal, a cuentas de Paypal y a infinidad de apps que registran el ritmo cardíaco, las huellas digitales, las curvas de sueño y el azúcar en la sangre. Estas aplicaciones permiten el registro total de todas las acciones y movimientos físicos, biológicos y afectivos. Desde una perspectiva foucaultiana, los medios de comunicación social (social media) son más que un vehículo para el intercambio de información, son un vehículo para la formación de la identidad y su control.
Coherencia entre animación e “imagen real” (registro basado en realismo fotográfico): recursos presentes en el universo gráfico de Gumball
Authors: Rodríguez González Manuela Elizabeth
Published: February 2018

El presente artículo centrará su atención en un ejemplo de animación híbrida, El asombroso mundo de Gumball (2011), serie de animación televisiva creada por Ben Bocquelet (1983), tras proponer a Cartoon Network reunir en una única producción a todos los personajes que él había creado y que fueron rechazados por estudios de animación a lo largo de los años. Partiendo de esta unión de elementos diferentes (cuya explicación está presente en la idea que sirve como base, pero no en el argumento de la serie), se analizarán los recursos que se utilizan para unir a personajes de estética dispar en un “universo gráfico” coherente. Este concepto de universo aparece definido por Raúl García en Actores del Lápiz (2000), como la unidad de estilo (y movimiento) en la que coexisten los personajes y elementos de diseño dentro de una serie de televisión, regidos por unas reglas que hay que mantener durante toda la creación, para hacerla verosímil ante el espectador. Teniendo en cuenta este concepto, se completará el análisis de dichos recursos estudiando producciones en las cuales la mezcla de estilos va acorde con el argumento, o se realiza con fines de experimentación estética: desde los Lightning Sketches de Blackton (1908) o Gertie, the Good Dinosaur, de McCay (1914); pasando por los personajes animados que conviven con humanos en Mary Poppins (1964), ¿Quién engañó a Roger Rabbit? (1988), o Space Jam (1996); hasta los fondos de imagen real inmersos en la animación experimental del director Masaaki Yuasa en The Tatami Galaxy(2010).
Updated emission inventories of power plants in simulating air quality during haze periods over East China
Authors: Zhang Lei , Zhao Tianliang , Gong Sunling , Kong Shaofei , Tang Lili , Liu Duanyang , Wang Yongwei , Jin Lianji , Shan Yunpeng , Tan Chenghao , Zhang Yingjie , Guo Xiaomei
Published: February 2018

Abstract. Air pollutant emissions play a determinant role in deteriorating air quality. However, an uncertainty in emission inventories is still the key problem for modeling air pollution. In this study, an updated emission inventory of coal-fired power plants (UEIPP) based on online monitoring data in Jiangsu Province of East China for the year of 2012 was implemented in the widely used Multi-resolution Emission Inventory for China (MEIC). By employing the Weather Research and Forecasting model with Chemistry (WRF-Chem), two simulation experiments were executed to assess the atmospheric environment change by using the original MEIC emission inventory and the MEIC inventory with the UEIPP. A synthetic analysis shows that power plant emissions of PM2.5, PM10, SO2, and NOx were lower, and CO, black carbon (BC), organic carbon (OC) and NMVOCs (non-methane volatile organic compounds) were higher in UEIPP relative to those in MEIC, reflecting a large discrepancy in the power plant emissions over East China. In accordance with the changes in UEIPP, the modeled concentrations were reduced for SO2 and NO2, and increased for most areas of primary OC, BC, and CO. Interestingly, when the UEIPP was used, the atmospheric oxidizing capacity significantly reinforced. This was reflected by increased oxidizing agents, e.g., O3 and OH, thus directly strengthening the chemical production from SO2 and NOx to sulfate and nitrate, respectively, which offset the reduction of primary PM2.5 emissions especially on haze days. This study indicates the importance of updating air pollutant emission inventories in simulating the complex atmospheric environment changes with implications on air quality and environmental changes.
Pre-launch calibration results of the TROPOMI payload on-board
the Sentinel 5 Precursor satellite
Authors: Kleipool Quintus , Ludewig Antje , Babic Ljubiša , Bartstra Rolf , Braak Remco , Dierssen Werner , Dewitte Pieter-Jan , Kenter Pepijn , Landzaat Robin , Leloux Jonatan , Loots Erwin , Meijering Peter , van der Plas Emiel , Rozemeijer Nico , Schepers Dinand , Schiavini Daniel , Smeets Joost , Vacanti Giuseppe , Vonk Frank , Veefkind Pepijn
Published: February 2018

Abstract. The Sentinel 5 precursor satellite was successfully launched on 13th October 2017, carrying the Tropospheric Monitoring Instrument TROPOMI as its single payload. TROPOMI is the next generation atmospheric sounding instrument, continuing the successes of GOME, SCIAMACHY, OMI and OMPs, with higher spatial resolution, improved sensitivity and extended wavelength range. The instrument contains four spectrometers, divided over two modules sharing a common telescope, measuring the ultraviolet, visible, near-infrared and shortwave infrared reflectance of the Earth. The imaging system enables daily global coverage using a push-broom configuration, with a spatial resolution as low as 7 × 3.5 km2 in nadir from a Sun-synchronous orbit at 824 km and an equator crossing time of 13:30 local solar time. This article reports the pre-launch calibration status of the TROPOMI payload as derived from the on-ground calibration effort. Stringent requirements are imposed on the quality of on-ground calibration in order to match the high sensitivity of the instrument. In case that the systematic errors that originate from the calibration exceed the random errors in the observations, the scientific products may be compromised. A new methodology has been employed during the analysis of the obtained calibration measurements to ensure the consistency and validity of the calibration. This was achieved by using the production grade Level 0 to 1b data processor in a closed-loop validation setup. Using this approach the consistency between the calibration and the L1b product could be established, as well as confidence in the obtained calibration result. This article introduces this novel calibration approach, and describes all relevant calibrated instrument properties as they were derived before launch of the mission. For most of the relevant properties compliancy with the requirements could be established, including the knowledge of the instrument spectral and spatial response functions, and the absolute radiometric calibration. Partial compliancy was established for the straylight correction; especially the out-of-spectral-band correction for the NIR channel needs further validation. Incompliance was reported for the relative radiometric calibration of the Sun port diffusers. These latter two subjects will be addressed during the in-flight commissioning phase in the first 6 months following launch.
Using StorAge Selection functions to quantify ecohydrological controls on the time-variant age of evapotranspiration, soil water, and recharge
Authors: Smith Aaron A. , Tetzlaff Doerthe , Soulsby Chris
Published: February 2018

Abstract. Quantifying ecohydrological controls on soil water availability is essential to understand temporal variations in catchment storage. Soil water is subject to numerous time-variable fluxes (evaporation, root-uptake, and recharge), each with different water ages which in turn affect the age of water in storage. Here, we adapt StorAge Selection (SAS) function theory to investigate water flow in soils and identify soil evaporation and root-water uptake sources from depth. We use this to quantify the effects of soil-vegetation interactions on the inter-relationships between water fluxes, storage, and age. The novel modification of the SAS function framework is tested against empirical data from two contrasting soil-vegetation units in the Scottish Highlands; these are characterised by significant preferential flow, transporting younger water through the soil during high soil moisture conditions. Dominant young water fluxes, along with relatively low rainfall intensities, explain relatively stable soil water ages through time and with depth. Soil evaporation sources were more time-invariant with high preference for near-surface water, independent of soil moisture conditions, and resulting in soil evaporation water ages similar to near-surface soil waters (mean age: 50–65 days). Sources of root-water uptake were more variable: preferential near-surface water uptake occurred in wet conditions, with a deeper root-uptake source during dry soil conditions, which resulted in more variable water ages of transpiration (mean age: 56–79 days). The simple model structure provides a parsimonious means of constraining the water age of multiple fluxes from the upper part of the critical zone during time-varying conditions improving our understanding of vegetation influences on catchment scale water fluxes.
Assimilating High-resolution Sea Surface Temperature Data Improves the Ocean Forecast in the Baltic Sea
Authors: Liu Ye , Fu Weiwei
Published: February 2018

Abstract. We assess the impact of assimilating the satellite sea surface temperature (SST) data on the Baltic forecast, practically on the forecast of ocean variables related to SST. For this purpose, a multivariable data assimilation (DA) system has been developed based on a Nordic version of the Nucleus for European Modelling of the Ocean (NEMO-Nordic). We use a localized Singular Evolutive Interpolated Kalman (SEIK) filter to characterize correlation scales in the coastal regions. High resolution SST from OSISAF is assimilated to verify the performance of DA system. The assimilation run shows very stable improvements on the model simulation as compared with both independent and dependent observations. The SST prediction of NEMO-Nordic is significantly enhanced by the DA system. Temperatures are also closer to observation in the DA system than the model results in the water above 100 m in the Baltic Sea. In the deeper layers, salinity is also slightly improved. Besides, we find that Sea level anomaly (SLA) is improved with the SST assimilation. Comparison with independent tide gauge data show that overall root mean square error (RMSE) is reduced by 1.8 % and overall correlation coefficient is increased by 0.4 %. Moreover, the sea ice concentration forecast is improved considerably in the Baltic proper, the Gulf of Finland and the Bothnian Sea, respectively.
An Estimate of Ice Wedge Volume for a High Arctic Polar Desert Environment, Fosheim Peninsula, Ellesmere Island
Authors: Bernard-Grand'Maison Claire , Pollard Wayne
Published: February 2018

Abstract. Quantifying ground ice volume on a regional scale is necessary to assess the vulnerability of permafrost landscapes to thaw induced disturbance like terrain subsidence and to quantify potential carbon release. Ice wedges (IWs) are a ubiquitous ground ice landform in the Arctic. Their high spatial variability makes generalizing their potential role in landscape change problematic. IWs form polygonal networks visible on satellite imagery from active layer surface troughs. This study focuses on the estimation of IW ice volume for the Fosheim Peninsula, Ellesmere Island, a continuous permafrost area characterized by polar desert conditions and extensive ground ice. We perform basic GIS analyses on high resolution satellite imagery to delineate IW troughs and estimate the associated IW ice volume using a 3D subsurface model. We demonstrate two semi-automated IW trough delineation methods with different strengths to increase time-efficiency of this process, done manually in previous studies. Our methods yield acceptable IW ice volume estimates validating the value of GIS to estimate IW volume on much larger scales. We estimate that IWs are potentially present on 50 % of the Fosheim Peninsula (± 3000 km2) where 3.81 % of the top 5.9 m of permafrost could be IW ice.