bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ethmoidal dural Arteriovenous Fistula- A case report
Authors: Nepal Pankaj Raj , Karki Karuna Tamrakar , Thapa Dinesh Kumar
Published: October 2020

Ethmoidal dural arteriovenous fistulas (dAVF) are a rare type of dAVF present in the anterior cranial fossa. There are usually fed by the ethmoidal artery and drains into superior sagittal sinus. Due to its high flow nature, they are considered a challenging case for surgery and usually present with frontal lobe hematoma or seizure. Here, is a similar case report of a 52-year-old gentleman who presented with sequel of frontal lobe hematoma and was managed surgically with clipping of feeder and excision of fistula.
Antioxidant and Antifungal Potential of Bombax ceiba Bark Extract
Authors: Sharma Khaga Raj , Kalauni Surya Kant
Published: October 2020

available with fulltext.
Synthesis and Characterization of Coordination Polymers Constructed From [ZnII, CdII]-2, 2’-Dipyridine and Bipyhenyl-4, 4’-Dicarboxylic Acid
Authors: Yadav Pramod Kumar
Published: October 2020

Available with fulltext.
Fabrication and Characterization of Phthalic Acid Sensor for Detection of Lead (II) Ion
Authors: Oli Hari Bhakta , Timilsina Rajan , Yadav Amar Prasad
Published: October 2020

available with full text
Estudo da produção de biodiesel utilizando resina aniônica na presença cossolvente
Authors:   , Bessa B. G.
Published: October 2020

Brazil is a country with several options of energetic matrices, due to its favorable climatic conditions, availability of land for cultivation of different cultures, oil reserves, amongst many other alternative sources of raw materials that can be used as fuel. Biodiesel is an example of energy used in the transport sector and derived from renewable sources, such as vegetable and animal oils and fats It is generally produced using methanol as transesterifying agent in homogeneous catalysis with a base. This type of catalysis, however, generates waste due to the need to wash the generated biodiesel, in order to meet the product quality standards. Therefore, there is a need to develop different production routes that are more economical and that use catalysts that are easier to separate and recover, enabling their reuse. In this work we studied the methyl transesterification reaction of soybean oil with the anion exchange resin, Amberlyst®, as a heterogeneous catalyst. This reaction was conducted using the 9:1 molar ratio of alcohol/oil, 50 ºC, ambient pressure and 300 rpm of stirring. We studied the effects of the load of catalyst used, reaction time, previous drying of the resin, and the amount of added solvent. The first experiment showed a peak of conversion rate using 2,5% of resin, by mass and in relation to oil, resulting in 1,04 ± 0,01% after 90 minutes of reaction. However, an increase was noticed when the resin was dried at 50 ºC, in order to remove residual water from its pores, obtaining the result of 2,42 ± 0,01% at the same reaction time of 90 min. For longer reaction times there was no considerable improvement in conversion. In order to verify the influence of the presence of cosolvent in the reaction, (n-hexane), four different amounts of it were used (mass ratio of cosolvent in relation to mass of oil was 0.5, 0.6, 0.8 and 1), keeping constant the other conditions of the reaction. All the proportions of cosolvent resulted in increased conversion when compared to previous experiments. The highest conversion obtained was 53,66 ± 0,02% using 0,8 mass ratio of cosolvent. In conclusion, we observed the necessity of drying the resin before it is used in the reaction, and that the use of cosolvent helps to increase the conversion. The analysis via MEV showed that the resin particle is spherical and that its surface is plain, without great variation when it was in natura or dried
MONITORING AND EVALUATION OF THE EFFICIENCY OF THE INCREASING THE QUALIFICATION PROCESS OF PEDAGOGICAL STAFF
Authors:   independent researcher, teacher of the Department of Pedagogy and Psychology of the Uzbek State University of World Languages, Akhmetova Klara , Khoshimova Masuda ,   Candidate of Pedagogical Sciences, Associate Professor of the Department of Pedagogy and Psychology of the Tashkent Medical Academy
Published: October 2020

The monograph examines the main theoretical and practice-oriented aspects of pedagogical monitoring from a modern perspective. The paper presents an analysis of monitoring components as one of the management tools for the system of advanced training of teaching staff. The modern problems of organizing and implementing the technology for monitoring the effectiveness of the advanced training process are identified, and the prospects for its use are analyzed. In the course of using monitoring as a tool for assessing the effectiveness of the process of professional development of teaching staff, problems of various directions arise. Monitoring, in this case, is not a universal tool, however, its organization, adequate to existing conditions, as well as the correct use of its results can significantly improve the quality of the educational process and its results. The monograph includes methodological materials that allow for monitoring research. A model and tools for monitoring the process of professional development, tested in the course of research in the institutes of advanced training in the city of Tashkent, are proposed. The study may be of interest to a wide range of readers interested in this problem, as well as to specialists in the field of management.
Innovative Educational Technologies for Teaching the "Philosophy" Discipline in a Hybrid Learning Model
Authors: Valeeva Galina Viktorovna
Published: October 2020

The article discusses educational technologies used in teaching the discipline "Philosophy" in a hybrid learning model. Technologies of distance learning (video lectures, presentations, e-textbooks, online course, etc.) and face-to-face training (case technology, portfolio technology) are highlighted, and their implementation is shown.
A Brief Introduction to the Weak Gravity Conjecture
Authors:   Department of Physics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel, Palti Eran
Published: October 2020

The Weak Gravity Conjecture proposes that a theory with a gauge field that is coupled to gravity must have charged matter on which gravity acts as the weakest force. It also proposes that there is an intrinsic cutoff on such an effective theory, which corresponds to a tower of charged states, that is set by the strength of the gauge coupling (in Planck units). This article is a brief introduction to the Weak Gravity Conjecture, covering aspects of the motivations for it as well as various extensions and refinements.
Impact of COVID19 on routine immunization: A cross-sectional study in Senegal
Authors: Sow Amadou , Gueye Modou , Boiro Djibril , Ba Idrissa Demba , Ba Abou , Thiongane Aliou , Faye Papa Moctar , Fall Amadou Lamine , Ndiaye Ousmane
Published: October 2020

The COVID 19 pandemic has prompted the world to implement drastic prevention methods based on limiting population movements that have an impact on public health policies such as vaccination. The objective of this work was to evaluate the impact of these prevention measures on routine vaccination in hospitals since the advent of the pandemic in Senegal. Methodology: This is a retrospective cross-sectional study carried out in August 2020 in the vaccination unit of the Abass NDAO hospital centre. We compared data from the vaccination unit during the period from March to August of the last three years (2018, 2019 and 2020). The parameter studied was the number of vaccine doses administered for the different periods according to the expanded programme of immunization. Results: For the vaccines administered in the sixth week in April, the number of doses was 36 in 2018, 29 in 2019 and 15 in 2020, i.e. a 50% drop compared to March. In July the number of doses administered was 40 in 2018, 35 in 2019 and 15 in 2020, a reduction of 42% compared to 2019. Conclusion: Measures to fight this pandemic should not make us forget routine vaccination, especially in our resource-constrained countries. It is essential to continue vaccination for children and to identify children who have missed vaccine doses for catch-up. Keywords: COVID19, Vaccination, Impact, Children, Senegal
Marian Dedications within the Current Cultural Space of Slovakia
Authors: Majo Juraj
Published: October 2020

Cultural geography (as the main field in geography with no connection to religion) is strongly influenced by constructivist approaches today. Geographer Doreen Masey wrote in 2010 (Massey 2010: 107) that space is always being made and always, therefore, in a sense, unfinished. The ‘always’ is rather that there are always connections yet to be made, juxtapositions yet to flower into interaction, or not, potential links which may never be established. Loose ends and ongoing stories. With these ideas she perfectly outlined the relationship of space, time, and social world. In the field of religious identity and its expression it indicates not just variability of its representations but can also work as a hub to the local projections of identity interactions and how this space is formed within local actors and local circumstances. All interactions within the various scales forms two paradigms of how place and space can be analysed – as politics and poetics of space. If the cult of the Virgin Mary prevails within the Catholic religious practice, then the poetics and politics of space can have vast forms of expression and impacts. This chapter attempts to outline the spatiality of this cult represented in dedications of sacred buildings, and open up questions on forming such distributions and regional specificities in Slovakia. Research on the spatial aspects of dedications of sacred buildings provide interesting intersections of relations between sacred and profane as well as various levels of research resulting in a relationship between the ‘politics’ and ‘poetics’ of place. This chapter introduces such relationship within cultural geography. Although this approach is fully applicable in local or regional research, we have outlined the spatial aspects of the cult of the Virgin Mary as embodied in the dedication of sacred buildings, introducing the differences in the types of such dedication. The link between time and space is observed in living as well as obliterated dedications, which helps us understand in a very broad sense the dynamics of construction and maintenance of sacred space and the projections of initiatives at various levels of political administration with an impact on the poetics of space and community. Research on the spatial distribution of dedications in Slovakia is still a little explored field, even though the extensive data sources are relatively high in quality and quantity and enable the interpretation of different relations in various scales. In the con- text of important dedications, it is the Marian ones that have a significant position in church life and are the most common ones, reflecting the intensity of the worship of the Virgin Mary within the Slovak environment. The research also indicates that the importance and popularity of Marian dedications are accompanied by great diversity with growth over time. It also reflects on the background based on social changes, such as the extinction of the Kingdom of Hungary, the declaration of Our Lady of Sorrows as the patron of Slovakia, etc.
The Marian Apparition of Seuca/Szőkefalva in the Context of Religious and Ethnical Interferences
Authors: Peti Lehel
Published: October 2020

Seuca became a known place for pilgrimage due to a blind Gypsy woman's public visions about the Virgin Mary in the first years of the new millennium. The author presents both the history of the ethnical and confessional co-existence in the village and the economic and social problems which affected the whole community. Then, the attitudes towards the apparition of the different denominations are highlighted by also presenting the way the seer attempts to question the different denominational opinions. The legitimating strategies of a Gypsy woman significantly influenced the aspects of the vision of the Virgin Mary from Seuca. In the history of Seuca, we find the practice of ethnic groups making well-defined boundaries between them, functioning as important parts of the communities. The artificial change of the ethnic structure during the Communist dictatorship changed the patterns of relations between the ethnic groups and made ethnic coexistence more problematic. The local parish that tried to expropriate the Marian apparitions has successfully integrated their messages into the ideology of ethnic reconciliation. The traditional onto- logical systems of religion in the communities still work and the frequent crossing of the ethnic and denominational boundaries have also promoted the strategies of the Church. In addition, the apparitions in Seuca earned the village a distinguished reputation in the region where enormous changes have taken place and where people have been forced to develop more complex strategies, or ways of life, without any pre-existing concrete models.
L’impact d’un changement organisationnel sur les salariés et les clients
Authors: Reydet Sabine , Carsana Laurence
Published: October 2020

Cette recherche étudie un changement organisationnel bancaire avec un double apport. Le premier réside dans l’approche longitudinale du processus de diffusion. Le second concerne la mesure de ses impacts sur les salariés (tensions de rôles) et les clients (qualité de la relation). Les résultats des études menées mettent en avant d’une part, la nécessité d’un travail institutionnel pour finaliser le changement. D’autre part, la modification des rôles des conseillers entraîne une meilleure satisfaction, crédibilité perçue et intention de visite en agence des clients.
L’enseignement d’un « management des normes » pour gérer l’inflation normative
Authors: Bayo Emmanuel
Published: October 2020

Le phénomène d’inflation des normes s’impose comme un défi pour les entreprises qui doivent les connaître, les intégrer et surtout les gérer. Il est pris en compte, pour partie seulement, dans les enseignements à l’université et en grandes écoles. Il est souhaitable de réfléchir aux enseignements futurs susceptibles de mieux préparer les managers au « management des normes ». Ils pourraient donner un avantage concurrentiel aux entreprises dotées d’acteurs plus aptes à articuler les normes à leurs organisations et décisions stratégiques.
Assessment and validation of proposed classification tools for brainstem cavernous malformations
Authors: Santos Alejandro N. , Rauschenbach Laurèl , Darkwah Oppong Marvin , Chen Bixia , Herten Annika , Forsting Michael , Sure Ulrich , Dammann Philipp
Published: October 2020

OBJECTIVE

Treatment indications for patients with brainstem cavernous malformations (BSCMs) remain difficult and controversial. Some authors have tried to establish classification tools to identify eligible candidates for surgery. Authors of this study aimed to validate the performance and replicability of two proposed BSCM grading systems, the Lawton-Garcia (LG) and the Dammann-Sure (DS) systems.

METHODS

For this cross-sectional study, a database was screened for patients with BSCM treated surgically between 2003 and 2019 in the authors’ department. Complete clinical records, preoperative contrast-enhanced MRI, and a postoperative follow-up ≥ 6 months were mandatory for study inclusion. The modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score was determined to quantify neurological function and outcome. Three observers independently determined the LG and the DS score for each patient.

RESULTS

A total of 67 patients met selection criteria. Univariate and multivariate analyses identified multiple bleedings (p = 0.02, OR 5.59), lesion diameter (> 20 mm, p = 0.007, OR 5.43), and patient age (> 50 years, p = 0.019, OR 4.26) as predictors of an unfavorable postoperative functional outcome. Both the LG (AUC = 0.72, p = 0.01) and the DS (AUC = 0.78, p < 0.01) scores were robust tools to estimate patient outcome. Subgroup analyses confirmed this observation for both grading systems (LG: p = 0.005, OR 6; DS: p = 0.026, OR 4.5), but the combined use of the two scales enhanced the test performance significantly (p = 0.001, OR 22.5).

CONCLUSIONS

Currently available classification systems are appropriate tools to estimate the neurological outcome after BSCM surgery. Future studies are needed to design an advanced scoring system, incorporating items from the LG and the DS score systems.
Multimodal outcome assessment after surgery for brainstem cavernous malformations
Authors: Dammann Philipp , Herten Annika , Santos Alejandro N. , Rauschenbach Laurèl , Chen Bixia , Darkwah Oppong Marvin , Schmidt Börge , Forsting Michael , Kleinschnitz Christoph , Sure Ulrich
Published: October 2020

OBJECTIVE

The object of this study was to assess outcome after surgery for brainstem cavernous malformations (BSCMs) using functional, health-related quality of life (HRQOL), and psychological surveys to analyze the interrelation of these measurements, and to compare HRQOL and anxiety and depression scores with those in a healthy population.

METHODS

The authors performed a cross-sectional outcome study of all patients surgically treated for BSCM in their department between January 1, 2003, and December 31, 2019. They assessed functional outcome via the modified Rankin Scale (mRS), health-related quality of life (HRQOL) via the SF-36 and 9-item Life Satisfaction Questionnaire (LISAT-9), cranial nerve and brainstem function using a questionnaire, symptom-based psychological outcome via the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), and timepoint of a return to previous employment. They analyzed the correlation between absolute (mRS score ≤ 2) and relative (postoperative deterioration in initial mRS score) outcome endpoints and the interrelation of the outcome measures and performed a comparison of HRQOL and HADS scores with findings in a healthy population.

RESULTS

Seventy-four patients were eligible for inclusion in the study. HRQOL was impaired after surgery for BSCM compared to that in a healthy population. This impairment was substantial in patients with an unfavorable functional outcome (mRS > 2) but was also present in those with a favorable outcome (mRS ≤ 2) in selected domains. Psychological impairment was negligible in patients with a favorable outcome and grave in those with an unfavorable outcome. LISAT-9 results revealed that brainstem and cranial nerve symptoms reduce satisfaction mainly in self-care abilities for both unfavorable and favorable outcome patients. Among the brainstem and cranial nerve symptoms, balance impairment showed the most significant impact on HRQOL. Absolute outcome endpoints were superior to relative outcome endpoints in reflecting impairment in HRQOL after surgery.

CONCLUSIONS

The study data can improve patient counseling and decision-making in BSCM treatment and may function as a benchmark. The authors report outcomes after BSCM surgery in high detail, emphasizing the specific impact of cranial nerve and brainstem symptoms on HRQOL. When reporting BSCM surgery outcome, absolute outcome endpoints should be applied.
Practical answers to frequently asked questions for shared decision-making in adult spinal deformity surgery
Authors: Ogura Yoji , Gum Jeffrey L. , Soroceanu Alex , Daniels Alan H. , Line Breton , Protopsaltis Themistocles , Hostin Richard A. , Passias Peter G. , Burton Douglas C. , Smith Justin S. , Shaffrey Christopher I. , Lafage Virginie , Lafage Renaud , Klineberg Eric O. , Kim Han Jo , Harris Andrew , Kebaish Khaled , Schwab Frank , Bess Shay , Ames Christopher P. , Carreon Leah Y. , _ _
Published: October 2020

OBJECTIVE

The shared decision-making (SDM) process provides an opportunity to answer frequently asked questions (FAQs). The authors aimed to present a concise list of answers to FAQs to aid in SDM for adult spinal deformity (ASD) surgery.

METHODS

From a prospective, multicenter ASD database, patients enrolled between 2008 and 2016 who underwent fusions of 5 or more levels with a minimum 2-year follow-up were included. All deformity types were included to provide general applicability. The authors compiled a list of FAQs from patients undergoing ASD surgery and used a retrospective analysis to provide answers. All responses are reported as either the means or the proportions reaching the minimal clinically important difference at the 2-year follow-up interval.

RESULTS

Of 689 patients with ASD who were eligible for 2-year follow-up, 521 (76%) had health-related quality-of-life scores available at the time of that follow-up. The mean age at the initial surgery was 58.2 years, and 78% of patients were female. The majority (73%) underwent surgery with a posterior-only approach. The mean number of fused levels was 12.2. Revision surgery accounted for 48% of patients. The authors answered 12 FAQs as follows:

1. Will my pain improve? Back and leg pain will both be reduced by approximately 50%.

2. Will my activity level improve? Approximately 65% of patients feel improvement in their activity level.

3. Will I feel better about myself? More than 70% of patients feel improvement in their appearance.

4. Is there a chance I will get worse? 4.1% feel worse at 2 years postoperatively.

5. What is the likelihood I will have a complication? 67.8% will have a major or minor complication, with 47.8% having a major complication.

6. Will I need another surgery? 25.0% will have a reoperation within 2 years.

7. Will I regret having surgery? 6.5% would not choose the same treatment.

8. Will I get a blood transfusion? 73.7% require a blood transfusion.

9. How long will I stay in the hospital? You need to stay 8.1 days on average.

10. Will I have to go to the ICU? 76.0% will have to go to the ICU.

11. Will I be able to return to work? More than 70% will be working at 1 year postoperatively.

12. Will I be taller after surgery? You will be 1.1 cm taller on average.

CONCLUSIONS

The above list provides concise, practical answers to FAQs encountered in the SDM process while counseling patients for ASD surgery.
Prognostic significance of C1–C2 facet malalignment after surgical decompression in adult Chiari malformation type I: a pilot study based on the Chicago Chiari Outcome Scale
Authors: Loe Michael Lumintang , Vivas-Buitrago Tito , Domingo Ricardo A. , Heemskerk Johan , Tripathi Shashwat , Bendok Bernard R. , Bydon Mohamad , Quinones-Hinojosa Alfredo , Abode-Iyamah Kingsley
Published: October 2020

OBJECTIVE

The authors assessed the prognostic significance of various clinical and radiographic characteristics, including C1–C2 facet malalignment, in terms of surgical outcomes after foramen magnum decompression of adult Chiari malformation type I.

METHODS

The electronic medical records of 273 symptomatic patients with Chiari malformation type I who were treated with foramen magnum decompression, C1 laminectomy, and duraplasty at Mayo Clinic were retrospectively reviewed. Preoperative and postoperative Neurological Scoring System scores were compared using the Friedman test. Bivariate analysis was conducted to identify the preoperative variables that correlated with the patient Chicago Chiari Outcome Scale (CCOS) scores. Multiple linear regression analysis was subsequently performed using the variables with p < 0.05 on the bivariate analysis to check for independent associations with the outcome measures. Statistical software SPSS version 25.0 was used for the data analysis. Significance was defined as p < 0.05 for all analyses.

RESULTS

Fifty-two adult patients with preoperative clinical and radiological data and a minimum follow-up of 12 months were included. Motor deficits, syrinx, and C1–C2 facet malalignment were found to have significant negative associations with the CCOS score at the 1- to 3-month follow-up (p < 0.05), while at the 9- to 12-month follow-up only swallowing function and C1–C2 facet malalignment were significantly associated with the CCOS score (p < 0.05). Multivariate analysis showed that syrinx presence and C1–C2 facet malalignment were independently associated with the CCOS score at the 1- to 3-month follow-up. Swallowing function and C1–C2 facet malalignment were found to be independently associated with the CCOS score at the 9- to 12-month follow-up.

CONCLUSIONS

The observed results in this pilot study suggest a significant negative correlation between C1–C2 facet malalignment and clinical outcomes evaluated by the CCOS score at 1–3 months and 9–12 months postoperatively. Prospective studies are needed to further validate the prognostic value of C1–C2 facet malalignment and the potential role of atlantoaxial fixation as part of the treatment.
A long-term follow-up study of spinal abnormalities and pain in adults with cerebral palsy and spastic diplegia more than 25 years after selective dorsal rhizotomy
Authors: Veerbeek Berendina E. , Lamberts Robert P. , Fieggen A. Graham , Mankahla Ncedile , de Villiers Richard V. P. , Botha Elsabe , Langerak Nelleke G.
Published: October 2020

OBJECTIVE

The main purpose of selective dorsal rhizotomy (SDR) is to reduce spasticity in the lower extremities of children diagnosed with cerebral palsy (CP) and spastic diplegia. The potential for developing spinal abnormalities and pain is a concern, especially in the aging CP population. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate spinal abnormalities, level of pain, and disability (due to back or leg pain) in adults with CP, and associations with participant characteristics, more than 25 years after SDR.

METHODS

This is a 9-year follow-up study with data collection conducted in 2008 and 2017. Radiographs were assessed for the degree of scoliosis, thoracic kyphosis and lumbar lordosis curvatures, and prevalence of spondylolysis and spondylolisthesis, while level of pain and disability was determined with a self-developed questionnaire and the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) questionnaire, respectively.

RESULTS

Twenty-five participants were included (15 males; median age 35.9 years, IQR 34.3–41.5 years), with a follow-up time after SDR ranging from 25 to 35 years. No clinically relevant changes were found for spinal curvatures, spondylolysis and spondylolisthesis, perceived pain frequency, and ODI scores between 2008 and 2017. While the prevalence of spondylolysis was 44%, spondylolisthesis was found in 20% (of whom 15% were grade I and 5% grade II), lumbar hyperlordosis was found in 32%, thoracic hyperkyphosis in 4%, and scoliosis in 20%. The Cobb angle was < 25°, and no patient required surgery for scoliosis. In addition, the low back was reported as the most common site of pain, with 28% of the adults with CP having daily pain. This resulted in 80% of the cohort indicating none or minimal disability due to pain based on the ODI. The only correlation found was between hyperkyphosis and female gender.

CONCLUSIONS

At follow-up more than 25 years after SDR, no progression in spinal abnormalities, level of pain, and disability was found when compared with findings 15 years after SDR. The prevalence of scoliosis, thoracic hyperkyphosis, and lumbar hyperlordosis was within the range reported for adults with CP, while spondylolysis and spondylolisthesis occurred more often than would be expected. It is difficult, however, to establish the role of SDR in this finding, given the limited data on the natural history of CP. Despite the encouraging outcome of this long-term follow-up study after SDR, it is important to continue monitoring adults with CP during the aging process.
Pengembangan Dan Pendampingan Literasi Digital UntukPeningkatan Kualitas Remaja Dalam Menggunakan Internet
Authors: Candrasari Yuli Candrasari , Dyva Claretta  , Sumardjiajti
Published: October 2020

The teenagers in Gunungsari village, Bumiaji sub-district  already have a smartphone and use the gadget without any guidance and assistance from their parents, most of whom are farmers and farm workers with a low level of education. The dropout rate is quite high as a result of the increasing unemployment rate and immoral issues have surfaced in the life of Gunungsari people since their children got to know the internet. The purpose of this community service program is to apply the results of digital literacy research and mentoring youth in using digital media in a healthy way and how mothers can assist children in using the internet in a healthy manner. The  results obtained from the Digital Literacy training in adolescents who are adolescents of Gunungsari village are able to protect their privacy in cyberspace and teenagers can have good digital literacy. Whereas in the Mother group, digital literacy has been achieved even though at the basic stage, it is around the issue of how to protect children from dependence on the internet and the mothers have downloaded applications that can be used to protect children
Perancangan Infografis Tentang Kesadaran Tertib Lalu Lintas di Kota Mataram
Authors: Qaolan Jadid Subardan  , Sandi Justitia Putra  , I Nyoman Yoga Sumadewa
Published: October 2020

The very high growth of vehicles in the City of Mataram is not matched by public awareness of the importance of a good and correct traffic order in accordance with applicable regulations. This problem is what makes traffic accidents occur every year and continue to grow. The need for appropriate and appropriate new media that is out of the box or unusual for the public. So through this dedication activity, the service team will create an infographic work by applying ambient media to be the right media to socialize orderly awareness in traffic by displaying data about traffic accidents in the previous year. This work uses a design thinking methodology. The conclusion is that this infographic work provides a memorable experience for road users and evokes feelings and moods for the target audience to feel comfortable and happy when interacting with the work of the infographic
Sosialisasi Keselamatan dan Keamanan Laboratorium IPA di SMA 1 Pangkalan Baru, Kampar
Authors: Putra Arief yandra , Fitri mairizki
Published: October 2020

The laboratory has an important role in the teaching and learning process. The laboratory with all its materials and equipments is a place that has the potential to cause danger for humans and the environment. Laboratory safety and security management are the responsibility of both the laboratory assistant and laboratory user. Based on the initial survey, the school already has a science laboratory but the tools and materials are poorly organized and poorly administered. The method used in this community service were socialization about the organization and administration of laboratory, socialization about safety and security laboratories related to the management of laboratory equipments and materials, demonstration and evaluation. In general, this community service activity ran successfully as planned. Participants in the activity were very enthusiastic and actively participated during the activity. Based on evaluation results, it was known that students' knowledge about laboratory safety and security has increased after participating in this community service.
Penguatan Kelembagaan Badan Usaha Milik Nagari (BUM-Nag) Sebagai Upaya Peningkatan Ekonomi Nagari
Authors: Boni Saputra  , Hidayatul fajri  , Pratiwi Nurhabibi
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Nagari-Owned Enterprises (BUM-Nag) or in most regions in other provinces known as Desa-Owned Enterprises (BUM-Des) is a manifestation of the mandate of Law Number 6 of 2014 concerning Villages, where the village government, in this case, Nagari is prosecuted accordingly Mandiri to be able to explore the wealth and potentials that exist in the Nagarinya area to be used as assets and sources of Nagari's financial income and is required to be able to carry out Nagari's financial management independently. BUM-Nag is an alternative business entity that needs to be developed to encourage the Nagari economy, with the hope of creating new economic resources for Nagari to utilize and to prosper the Nagari people's economy. This service activity aims to contribute thoughts and counseling about strengthening the BUM-Nag institution as a form of effort in improving the nagari economy. Service activities were carried out in Nagari Tabek Patah and Nagari Situmbuk, Salimpaung Subdistrict, Tanah Datar District. This activity uses the participatory rural appraisal (PRA) method, assistance, and counseling by looking at the potential possessed by Nagari as a creative business unit of the community and the potential that must be optimized. The result to be achieved from this empowerment activity is to increase the knowledge and capability or capacity of Nagari's apparatus on institutional strengthening and management of BUM-Nag as a form of effort in improving Nagari's economy
Peningkatan Keterlibatan Stakeholder Dalam Perumusan Peraturan Nagari Layak Anak
Authors: Fajri Hidayatul , Akmal Artha Dini , Saputra Boni , Dt. Maani Karjuni , Permana Iip , Wahyuni Nila , Syafril Rizki
Published: October 2020

Nagari Situmbuk and Nagari Tabek Patah, our activity partners, do not yet have regulations governing the protection of public spaces that are suitable for children. Whereas Law No. 23/2002 requires every city/regency and village to have a child-friendly environment, also Law_No._35 of 2014 concerning_child_protection demands the same thing. The urgency was also emphasized by the issuance of the_Regulation_of_the_Minister_of Women_Empowerment and Child_Protection of the Republic of Indonesia No 13 of 2010 Technical Guidelines for Eligible Districts / Cities in Children / Villages and Regional Regulation of Tanah Datar District No. 6 of 2018 concerning Implementation of Child Protection. Therefore, the existence of the Nagari Rule on Child-Friendly Nagari as important as participatory and collaborative policy formulation capabilities is held at the nagari level. It was marked by the involvement of stakeholders aiming that the policy would get full commitment from all parties. This activity is carried out using a participatory and collaborative training approach method. The results of devotion show that the involvement of stakeholders is still low in the formulation of policies in both of our partner villages. This is caused by 1) their lack of knowledge about children's rights and 2) communication, interaction, and exchange of information among stakeholders that is low so that it fails to form a policy network..
Pelatihan Mendesain Pembelajaran Daring Menarik Selama Pandemi Covid-19 dengan Teknologi Pembelajaran Sederhana
Authors: Subekti Adaninggar Septi , Kurniawati Lemmuela Alvita
Published: October 2020

This community service was carried out to provide assistance to the situation experienced by English high school teachers in the sudden change of the learning modes due to the Covid-19 pandemic. It was conducted in the form of an online seminar on how to design interesting online learning by using simple instructional technology and how to combine asynchronous and synchronous learning modes. The 150-minute-online seminar was held on the Zoom platform and YouTube livestreaming. The session was divided into three main parts, namely 1) introduction of the 5E framework for online learning, 2) examples of material design using simple instructional technology, and 3) examples of simple instructional technology. In general, it can be concluded that this community service not only provided an introduction and understanding of online learning design with simple instructional technology, but also enhanced the participants' pedagogical knowledge of online learning design.
An evaluation of the cognitive effects of malt extract and sucrose in school-aged Malaysian children
Authors: Stough Con , Scholey Andrew , Gentile-Rapinett Gertrude , Schimdt Jeroen , Goh Antinette , Wesnes Keith , Kras Marni , Kwek Klem , Camfield David
Published: October 2020

The effect of carbohydrates and sucrose on cognitive performance in children has been the subject of several trials. Some studies have found both positive and negative effects of glucose and carbohydrates on cognitive function in school children. These studies are important in terms of designing functional foods that can assist children in learning throughout the day, and in particular, within a school-educational context. In this study we conducted a 4-way repeated measures within subject crossover randomized controlled trial in which we compared an acute administration of malt, sucrose, milk and water in 58 Malaysian children aged 10-12 years on performance on a battery of cognitive and mood measures before and after exercise. Results indicated that there was a beneficial effect of malt on attention suggesting the importance of carbohydrates to alleviate attentional changes due to exercise in children.Keywords: Malt, Sucrose, Attention, Children
The New Normal?
Authors: Donskikh O. A.
Published: October 2020

The article discusses the preliminary results of the forced transition to entire online learning in the higher education system in the context of the general growth trend of the corresponding form of education in various universities around the world. The ideology defining this trend is considered. Special attention is paid to the analysis of the reality of a sharp increase in the level of control of both teachers and students by the creators of training platforms, as well as the possible consequences of this situation. It is shown that universities in different countries are seeking suitable forms of supplementing regular education with remote ones. The overall trend is a steady growth in online learning with significant variations across countries (examples include the United States, Australia, Germany, and China). It is obvious that national education systems differ significantly from each other, and with certain general trend towards online learning, each educational system is looking for its own, most suitable for the national culture, forms of education. It is also necessary to understand how online learning can be integrated into existing system without harm. At the moment, this is not clear either on the content level or methodological one. The article analyzes the temporary and long-term problems associated with the transition to distant education. The problem of technical support is probably the easiest to be solved. More serious and requiring new technologies is the problem of changing the nature of communication, which requires quite different efforts of both teachers and students if compare with the usual ones. Working on the platforms that are intended to radically change the educational environment under the slogans of ensuring an individual educational trajectory, in fact leads to the opposite. The author dwells on the problem of possible widespread replacement of conventional courses with recorded ones and, especially, the ideology of transition to online learning in the format of virtual reality, which allows the creators to exercise full control over the individual. The problem of monitoring of educational activities is discussed, which already in the current conditions makes it possible to record any actions and states of all participants in the process. The article is a reaction to the beginning of the process of widespread introduction of online technologies, and this approach, according to the author, allows to observe vividly the most painful aspects of the new situation (like the first impression of a meeting with the unknown).
Acute versus Chronic Exposures to Inhaled Particulate Matter and Neurocognitive Dysfunction: Pathways to Alzheimer’s Disease or a Related Dementia
Authors: Kritikos Minos , Gandy Samuel E. , Meliker Jaymie R. , Luft Benjamin J. , Clouston Sean A.P.
Published: October 2020

An estimated 92% of the world’s population live in regions where people are regularly exposed to high levels of anthropogenic air pollution. Historically, research on the effects of air pollution have focused extensively on cardiovascular and pulmonary health. However, emerging evidence from animal and human studies has suggested that chronic exposures to air pollution detrimentally change the functioning of the central nervous system with the result being proteinopathy, neurocognitive impairment, and neurodegenerative disease. Case analyses of aging World Trade Center responders suggests that a single severe exposure may also induce a neuropathologic response. The goal of this report was to explore the neuroscientific support for the hypothesis that inhaled particulate matter might cause an Alzheimer’s-like neurodegenerative disease, in order to consider proposed mechanisms and latency periods linking inhaled particulate matter and neurodegeneration, and to propose new directions in this line of research.
A Brief Version of the LASSI-L Detects Prodromal Alzheimer’s Disease States
Authors: Crocco Elizabeth , Curiel-Cid Rosie E. , Kitaigorodsky Marcela , González-Jiménez Christian J. , Zheng Diane , Duara Ranjan , Loewenstein David A.
Published: October 2020

Background: The Loewenstein-Acevedo Scales for Semantic Interference and Learning (LASSI-L) is an increasingly utilized cognitive stress test designed to identify early cognitive changes associated with incipient neurodegenerative disease. Objective: To examine previously derived cut-points for cognitively unimpaired older adults that were suggestive of performance impairment on multiple subscales of the LASSI-L. These cut-points were applied to a new sample of older adults who were cognitive healthy controls (HC: n = 26) and those on the Alzheimer’s disease (AD) continuum from early stage mild cognitive impairment (EMCI: n = 28), late stage MCI (LMCI: n = 18) to mild AD (AD: n = 27). Methods: All participants were administered the LASSI-L. All cognitively impaired participants were PET amyloid positive which likely reflects underlying AD neuropathology, while cognitively normal counterparts were deemed to have amyloid negative scans. Results: There was a monotonic relationship between the number of deficits on LASSI-L subscales and independent classification of study groups with greater severity of cognitive impairment. Importantly, taken together, impairment on maximum learning ability and measures of proactive semantic interference (both reflected by cued recall and intrusion errors) correctly classified 74.1% of EMCI, 94.4% of LMCI, and 96.3% of AD. Only 7.7% of HC were incorrectly classified as having impairments. Conclusion: A modest number of LASSI-L subscales taking approximately 8 minutes to administer, had excellent discriminative ability using established cut-offs among individuals with presumptive stages of AD. This has potential implications for both clinical practice and clinical research settings targeting AD during early prodromal stages.
Benfotiamine and Cognitive Decline in Alzheimer’s Disease: Results of a Randomized Placebo-Controlled Phase IIa Clinical Trial
Authors: Gibson Gary E. , Luchsinger José A. , Cirio Rosanna , Chen Huanlian , Franchino-Elder Jessica , Hirsch Joseph A. , Bettendorff Lucien , Chen Zhengming , Flowers Sarah A. , Gerber Linda M. , Grandville Thomas , Schupf Nicole , Xu Hui , Stern Yaakov , Habeck Christian , Jordan Barry , Fonzetti Pasquale
Published: October 2020

Background: In preclinical models, benfotiamine efficiently ameliorates the clinical and biological pathologies that define Alzheimer’s disease (AD) including impaired cognition, amyloid-β plaques, neurofibrillary tangles, diminished glucose metabolism, oxidative stress, increased advanced glycation end products (AGE), and inflammation. Objective: To collect preliminary data on feasibility, safety, and efficacy in individuals with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) or mild dementia due to AD in a placebo-controlled trial of benfotiamine. Methods: A twelve-month treatment with benfotiamine tested whether clinical decline would be delayed in the benfotiamine group compared to the placebo group. The primary clinical outcome was the Alzheimer’s Disease Assessment Scale-Cognitive Subscale (ADAS-Cog). Secondary outcomes were the clinical dementia rating (CDR) score and fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) uptake, measured with brain positron emission tomography (PET). Blood AGE were examined as an exploratory outcome. Results: Participants were treated with benfotiamine (34) or placebo (36). Benfotiamine treatment was safe. The increase in ADAS-Cog was 43% lower in the benfotiamine group than in the placebo group, indicating less cognitive decline, and this effect was nearly statistically significant (p = 0.125). Worsening in CDR was 77% lower (p = 0.034) in the benfotiamine group compared to the placebo group, and this effect was stronger in the APOE ɛ4 non-carriers. Benfotiamine significantly reduced increases in AGE (p = 0.044), and this effect was stronger in the APOE ɛ4 non-carriers. Exploratory analysis derivation of an FDG PET pattern score showed a treatment effect at one year (p = 0.002). Conclusion: Oral benfotiamine is safe and potentially efficacious in improving cognitive outcomes among persons with MCI and mild AD.
Microstructural Connectivity is More Related to Cognition than Conventional MRI in Parkinson’s Disease
Authors: Lee Yang Hyun , Lee Wha Jin , Chung Seok Jong , Yoo Han Soo , Jung Jin Ho , Baik Kyoungwon , Sohn Young H. , Seong Joon-Kyung , Lee Phil Hyu
Published: October 2020

Background: The different effects of white matter hyperintensity (WMH) severity and WMH-associated microstructural connectivity on cognition in the early stages of Parkinson’s disease (PD) have not been investigated. Objective: To investigate the differential effect of WMH severity and WMH-associated microstructural connectivity on cognition in early stages of PD. Methods: A total of 136 de novo PD patients were enrolled and divided into groups based on total WMH visual rating scores as follows: mild, moderate, and severe. Microstructural connectivity was measured using graph theoretical analysis according to WMH severity. Additionally, correlation coefficients between WMH-associated microstructural connectivity or WMH scores and cognitive performance were assessed. Results: Patients with severe WMHs demonstrated poorer performance in language function than those with moderate WMHs, and in frontal/executive and visual memory function than those with mild WMHs. Areas of microstructural connectivity were more extensive in patients with severe WMHs compared to those with mild and moderate WMHs, involving frontal and parieto-temporal regions. WMH-associated right fronto-temporo-parietal microstructural disintegration was correlated with cognitive dysfunction in attention, frontal/executive, and memory domains, whereas there was no correlation between WMH scores and any cognitive domains. Conclusion: These data suggest that disruption of microstructural networks by WMHs, rather than WMH burden itself, contributed more to cognitive impairment in PD.