bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Development of the Patient and Public Involvement Questionnaire (PPIQ) for Canadian Drug Funding Committees
Authors: Rosenberg-Yunger Zahava , Verweel Lee , Goren Rachel , Bayoumi Ahmed M. , O’Brien Kelly K. , MacPhail Elaine , Rader Tamara , Tiessen James H.
Published: April 2020

Background There is limited evidence evaluating the impact of patient and public involvement in setting priorities for healthcare, specifically drug funding recommendation committees. We describe the development phases of the Patient and Public Involvement Questionnaire (PPIQ). Methods The development of the PPIQ was informed by previous work, which established nine criteria to evaluate patient and public involvement. The PPIQ was developed with a multi-method, multi-phased approach: 1) item generation and refinement (item bank creation, user feedback sessions); 2) sensibility testing (using Feinstein’s criteria and structured interviews); and 3) pilot testing with drug funding committee’s in Canada. Results In phase one of development, a bank of 846 items were derived from key informant interviews and a literature review. Guided by the nine evaluation criteria, an initial draft of the PPIQ was created using the item bank. Two user feedback sessions (n=7) resulted in further revisions of the PPIQ. In phase two, participants (n=21) completed a sensibility questionnaire with a median score 6 out of 7 on 80% of items. Interview participants (n=14) articulated the PPIQ was clear and appropriate. In phase three, response rate for pilot testing the PPIQ was 25% (n=14) and the average time for participants to complete the PPIQ was 00:19:00 minutes (SD ± 13:46). Conclusions The methods used for the development of the PPIQ including qualitative interviews, literature review, user feedback, sensibility and pilot testing have resulted in a questionnaire that may be used with committees making drug funding recommendations in Canada.
Practical Experience of the Primary Healthcare System for Chinese Rural Residents: Building the Largest Health Insurance Program to Cover People Living in Poverty
Authors: Hu Hongpu , Lee Patricia , Xie Liqin , Wang Yan , Wan Yanli , Qiu Wuqi
Published: April 2020

Background: The New Rural Cooperative Medical Scheme plays a crucial role in relieving the economic burden of medical care and cost of medicine for rural residents, and is expected to enhance economic growth and social development in the rural area. To further promote and improve the primary healthcare in the rural area through high quality medical services and healthcare cost management in China. Methods: This study collected and analyzed the data from 2003 to 2015，published literatures, domestic policies，the national health statistics yearbook，and statistics reports to provide an overview of the NRCMS and the implementation experience since its inception in the perspectives of organization and management, finance, coverage and insurance, supervision and monitoring. Results: The NRCMS has been implemented in all the counties for Chinese rural residents. It is the largest primary healthcare system by population in the world. It reached the full coverage in 2008, and the participation rate has been stable at more than 95%. The scope and levels of the insurance offered by NRCMS have expanded over time. The actual level of insurance for hospitalization has increased from about 20% at the beginning to about 57%. By the end of 2014, the cumulative benefit usage reached 10 billion person-time. In 2013, healthcare insurance reform for major diseases was undertaken for twenty-two major diseases with the pilot conducted at the national level. It led to an increase in the actual reimbursement rate for major diseases to 70%. In 2015, the average standard subsidy of the NRCMS from central and local government agencies was 380 Yuans per person, and the individual shared payment was about 120 Yuans. Attention has been paid by all levels of government to continuously improve information network, strengthen personalized management, and increase quality of service. Conclusions：After more than a decade, the NRCMS has become the primary healthcare system for over 800 million Chinese rural residents, playing a vital role for healthcare equality and social and economic development in rural areas.
RU Department of Geology: Research data
Authors: Rhodes University Department of Geology
Published: April 2020

Datasets emanating from research undertaken at the Department of Geology at Rhodes University.
Democracia cercada. Uma análise sobre os muros de fronteira com base no “paradoxo da legitimidade democrática” de Seyla Benhabib
Authors: GESTEIRA RAMOS DE ALMEIDA RICARDO
Published: April 2020

Este artigo analisa os processos de cercamento de fronteiras estatais nos últimos trinta anos, de modo a compreender em que medida eles integram uma dinâmica contraditória própria da democracia liberal, acentuada a partir dos impactos que a interconexão entre os sistemas políticos, sociais, culturais e econômicos, proporcionada pela globalização, impuseram ao Estado-nação. O texto está redigido em duas seções, sendo a primeira dedicada à exposição sobre os processos de cercamento físico de fronteira a partir de 1989. A análise desenvolvida na primeira seção acentua o aumento numérico e a mudança de funcionalidade dos muros de fronteira como aspectos contraditórios à concepção de globalização cosmopolita. A segunda seção se apropria da ideia de paradoxo da legitimidade democrática, de Seyla Benhabib, para desenvolver a abordagem teórico-analítica acerca dos efeitos da globalização sobre o modelo do Estado soberano vestifaliano, relação essa que permite compreender não só a dinâmica de cercamentos como aspectos não explícitos da própria globalização.
Os think tanks brasileiros e a agenda de política externa de Lula da Silva e Rousseff para a África
Authors: Amorim Camille , Reis da Silva André Luiz
Published: April 2020

A fundamentação teórica sobre os think tanks segue arraigada à experiência pioneira estadunidense como tipo ideal, embora estudos de caso, vide Reino Unido, França e mesmo Brasil, mostrem situações distintas. Este trabalho propõe, considerando o objetivo de tais instituições de influenciar e modelar ação de atores políticos com base em sua expertise, adentrar na produção ideacional contemporânea dos think tanks brasileiros sobre as relações Brasil-África durante os governos Lula da Silva e Rousseff 3. Uma revisão teórica sobre os think tanks é seguida da apresentação do conteúdo das produções de CEBRI, BPC, Igarapé e IPEAacerca da agenda brasileira para África. A pesquisa está centrada em produção escrita, artigos, relatórios mais detalhados sobre o continente, considerando como ponto de convergência entre as produções os tópicos de cooperação sul-sul e oportunidade de internacionalização para as empresas brasileiras. Apesar da importância da África para o período analisado, o tema aparece restrito a poucos think tanks, que apontam para continuidade discursiva entre as gestões de ambos os governos, sendo, este último, responsável pelo redirecionamento estratégico, prevalecendo as relações empresariais a despeito da cooperação sul-sul.
Financing Development Cooperation: Modalities of Private Sector Engagement
Authors: Lamego de Teixeira Soares Frederico , Yumie Aoki Inoue Cristina
Published: April 2020

This article proposes a conceptual framework to analyze the potentialities and limits for private sector participation in the Agenda 2030. The framework consists of two categories: corporate awareness for development and active partnership for development. The first deals with the introduction of corporate sustainable responsible practices or business strategies based on development concerns. The second contemplates the roles of resource provider, executor or beneficiary of development cooperation initiatives in the context of the Agenda 2030. In addition, this article proposes financial mechanisms that could promote private sector engagement. In sequence, this article provides an analysis and examples of the currentparticipation of companies in the Agenda 2030 based on the analytical framework.
Sociedades religiosas y organizaciones privadas de beneficencia en la frontera norte (Tijuana): Un primer acercamiento
Authors: Clark Alfaro Víctor
Published: April 2020

A partir de la década de los setenta se da un crecimiento importante de organizaciones religiosas en América Latina y del que la frontera norte no ha sido ajeno.El propósito de esta investigación es dar una visión aproximada de la presencia cada vez más numerosa de sociedades religiosas y organizaciones privadas de beneficencia y su impacto social en distintos ámbitos de la ciudad de Tijuana con una breve referencia a la zona rural (San Quintín). La información que se ofrece fue recopilada antes de la reforma al artículo 130 de la Constitución de los Estados Unidos Mexicanos.
Dinámica de los componentes demográficos en Baja California, durante el periodo 1985-1990
Authors: Estrella Valenzuela Gabriel
Published: April 2020

En este trabajo se identifican los rangos predominantes en la dinámica de los componentes demográficos del estado de Baja California y sus municipios, durante el período 1985-1990. Para ello, se utilizan y combinan datos de estadísticas vitales, censales y de las Encuestas Demográficas de Baja California de 1986 y 1990. A partir del análisis de la mortalidad y la fecundidad, se logra determinar una tendencia de estabilidad en el componente natural de la dinámica demográfica del estado, con variaciones marginales a nivel municipal. En el rubro de crecimiento social, sin embargo, se observa un notable y claro incremento en la movilidad de la población que se sustenta en dos componentes: un incremento en la tasa de emigración desde el estado en su conjunto y una más elevada y consistente tendencia al incremento en las tasas de inmigración hacia Baja California, que revierte la tendencia decreciente del peso del crecimiento social en la entidad
Migración y derechos humanos. El caso de los mixtecos
Authors: Anguiano María Eugenia
Published: April 2020

En este ensayo se pone de manifiesto la situación de los derechos humanos de los migrantes, en particular la de los indígenas mixtecos, puesto que éstos constituyen el grupo más numeroso de migran les con experiencia de trabajo en el noroeste de México y la costa oeste de Estados Unidos.Se reseñan, además, las condiciones generales que en las comunidades de origen han obligado a los indígenas de la Mixteca oaxaqueña a emigrar hacia el norte del país.La inserción de los mixtecos en el mercado laboral ya no se limita a los empleos tradicionales, sino que se ha ampliado a otros sectores de la economía formal e informal en las ciudades del noroeste y Pacífico norte.Por último se destaca la presencia del indígena mixteco en la reproducción de su cultura y su integración en organizaciones sindicales
Natural Sesquiterpene Lactones in the Prevention and Treatment of Inflammatory Disorders and cancer: A Systematic Study of this Emerging Therapeutic Approach based on Chemical and Pharmacological Aspect
Authors: Mandal Sudip Kumar , Debnath Utsab , Kumar Amresh , Thomas Sabu , Mandal Subhash Chandra , Choudhury Manabendra Dutta , Palit Partha
Published: April 2020

Background and Introduction:

Sesquiterpene lactones are a class of secondary metabolite
that contains sesquiterpenoids and lactone ring as pharmacophore moiety. A large group of bioactive
secondary metabolites such as phytopharmaceuticals belong to this category. From the Asteraceae
family-based medicinal plants, more than 5,000 sesquiterpene lactones have been reported so
far. Sesquiterpene lactone-based pharmacophore moieties hold promise for broad-spectrum biological
activities against cancer, inflammation, parasitic, bacterial, fungal, viral infection and other functional
disorders. Moreover, these moiety based phytocompounds have been highlighted with a new
dimension in the natural drug discovery program worldwide after the 2015 Medicine Nobel Prize
achieved by the Artemisinin researchers.

Objective:

These bitter substances often contain an α, β-unsaturated-γ-lactone as a major structural
backbone, which in recent studies has been explored to be associated with anti-tumor, cytotoxic, and
anti-inflammatory action. Recently, the use of sesquiterpene lactones as phytomedicine has been
increased. This study will review the prospect of sesquiterpene lactones against inflammation and
cancer.

Methods:

Hence, we emphasized on the different features of this moiety by incorporating its structural
diversity on biological activities to explore structure-activity relationships (SAR) against inflammation
and cancer.

Results:

How the dual mode of action such as anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer has been exhibitedby
these phytopharmaceuticals will be forecasted in this study. Furthermore, the correlation of
anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer activity executed by the sesquiterpene lactones for fruitful phytotherapy
will also be revealed in the present review in the milieu of pharmacophore activity relation
and pharmacodynamics study as well.

Conclusion:

So, these metabolites are paramount in phytopharmacological aspects. The present discussion
on the future prospect of this moiety based on the reported literature could be a guide for
anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer drug discovery programs for the upcoming researchers.
A Retrospective Comparison of Early Postoperative Pain after the First Vs Second TKA in Scheduled Staged Bilateral TKA
Authors: Ishii Yoshinori , Noguchi Hideo , Sato Junko , Ishii Hana , Ishii Ryo , Toyabe Shin-ichi
Published: April 2020

Background:

Acute postoperative pain control after Total Knee Arthroplasty (TKA) is important given that poorly controlled, persistent pain can delay rehabilitation. The purpose of this study was to compare pain intensity during the early postoperative period (following the first and second surgeries) in patients who underwent bilateral, scheduled, staged TKAs.

Materials and Methods:

We enrolled 32 patients (64 knees) in this study and evaluated the number of requests for analgesic agents during the first 3 days after TKA, time to walking, and the Wong–Baker FACES pain assessment score (WBS).

Results:

Comparing the postoperative period following the first and second TKA, there were no significant differences in WBS 24, 48, and 72 h postoperatively. The frequency of requests, and the total number of requests for analgesics did not differ when comparing the first and second TKA, at any time point. The total number of analgesic requests exhibited a moderately strong, positive correlation between the first and second TKA (p < 0.001, r = 0.623). Patients’ WBS scores and requests for analgesics showed a moderately strong, positive correlation, but only at 24 h following the second TKA (p = 0.002, r = 0.567). After both TKAs, patients required a median of 1 day to resume walking.

Conclusion:

Patients undergoing staged bilateral TKA experienced equivalent early postoperative pain when comparing their experience following their first and second TKAs. Therefore, regarding pain control following the second TKA, we recommend considering the analgesic administration schedule and requirements of the first TKA.
Values of Professional Sphere in Youth Subcultures
Authors: Sheveleva Anna
Published: April 2020

Background:

Solving the problem of professional self-determination is an important task of social development in adolescence. All social functioning of the personality takes place in the context of culture, with subculture being one of its components.

Objective:

Identification of peculiarities of ideas about professional values in different youth subcultures.

Methods:

The respondents are young people belonging to the subcultures “rock” and “anime”, and those who do not belong to any subcultures, a total of 180 people. The techniques “Career Anchors” by E. Schein and “Terminal values questionnaire” by I.G. Senin were used. The methods of statistical processing are Spearman correlation analysis, Friedman criterion, Mann-Whitney criterion.

Results:

The differences of ideas about professional values in different subcultures and at the persons who do not refer themselves to any subcultures are revealed. The results describe the preferences of different career anchors and their consistency or inconsistency towards the terminal values of the professional sphere.

Conclusion:

Taking into account the subcultural affiliation of young people with the psychological support of their professional self-determination can influence the effectiveness of work with youth.
O letramento e a multimodalidade no ensino de língua inglesa: Práticas didáticas nos cursos técnico e tecnológico
Authors: Schöninger Carla Luciane Klos
Published: April 2020

O presente artigo visa relatar práticas no ensino de língua inglesa desenvolvidas nos cursos técnico e tecnológico e traz discussões acerca do conceito de letramento e multimodalidade. Os pressupostos teóricos abordados consideram as perspetivas de Greimas e Courtés (2008), Dionísio (2006), Kern (2000), Kress (2010) e Kress e Leeuwen(1996). Foram então desenvolvidas práticas nas aulas de Língua Inglesa do Curso Técnico em Química e Inglês Técnico no Curso Superior de Sistemas para Internet, as quais contaram com estratégias de leitura em suportes e modos diferentes, bem como produção de vídeos a partir de softwares, aplicativos e ferramentas da Internet, contendo legenda em inglês e áudio gravado pelos alunos. Os resultados foram significativos, pois além de os alunos apresentarem domínio de ferramentas tecnológicas, esses fizeram uso do texto escrito, imagem, elementos gráficos, som e fala. Portanto, a partir de práticas de receção envolvendo letramento, houve as produções que constituíram um sistema semiótico multimodal.
Posibilidades de la realidad aumentada en obras de ficción dirigidas a prelectores (0-6 años)
Authors: Arellano Villar , Sbriziolo Carola
Published: April 2020

El objetivo de este trabajo es investigar el potencial de la Realidad Aumentada en la literatura infantil; en particular se pretende averiguar si esta herramienta puede influir en la motivación y en la creatividad y si, en línea con la teoría de las inteligencias múltiples de Howard Gardner (1983), puede proporcionar un aprendizaje holístico y transversal. Para este propósito, las autoras toman como punto de partida el modelo de análisis propuesto en su reciente trabajo La Realidad Aumentada en la Literatura Infantil y Juvenil: situación actual y valoración(Arellano &Sbriziolo 2019) añadiendo la categoría ‘valor educativo’.Tras analizar un corpusde obras literarias de ficción con RA para prelectores (0-6 años), se confirma la hipótesis inicial: las destrezas y habilidades promovidas por la RA podrían ser numerosas, siempre y cuando se trate de obras de calidad y exista una relación entre texto ‘impreso’ y texto ‘digital’.
MODEL OF CALCULATIONS FOR EXPERIMENTALLY-OBTAINED GAS AND WATERPROOF SER-VICE LINE OPERATIONAL PARAMETERS
Authors: Stepanov О. I. , Zaitseva Е. E. , Khudyakova S. A.
Published: April 2020

Abstract. Aim. Modelling and calculations were were carried out to justify the tactical capabilities of gas and smoke protection units of the fire and rescue units as primary units carrying out fire reconnaissance and rescue of victim s of fires. A methodology for assessing actions of personnel of fire departments when rescuing victims was analysed.

Method. An experimental justification is given for the need to adjust the calculation methods for determining the working parameters of gas and smoke protection units when organising mass rescue of victims of a fire. A model is proposed for considering the actions of the fireteam of a gas and smoke protection service based on graph theory. Various approaches to forecasting operational parameters of gas and smoke protection units in fire services are considered.

Results. Factors determining the limiting parameters of the gas and smoke protection units are presented along with examples for calculating operational parameters during mass rescue of victims of a fire.

Conclusion. A conclusion is formulated regarding complicating factors of the work of the personnel of the gas and smoke protection service in the coefficient, considering the necessary air supply for the return trip, unforeseen circumstances and average air flow.
ANALYSIS OF THE POSSIBILITY OF USING SECONDARY ENERGY RESOURCES IN FOOD INDUSTRY ENTERPRISES USING SPECIAL REFRIGERATION EQUIPMENT
Authors: Galimova L. V. , Bayramov D. Z. , Dyusengaliev A. A. , Bayramov Sh. Z.
Published: April 2020

Abstract. Aim. Due to the current priority given to energy conservation issues, a promising research avenue in the field of refrigeration consists in the developing of energy-saving systems based on heat-recovery absorption refrigerators. The aim of the work is to study the possibility of using a water-ammonia absorption refrigeration machine to increase the efficiency of food production facilities.

Method. Based on an analysis of the initial enterprise data, the possible operating modes of the refrigeration machine were determined considering the various types of heating and cooling sources proposed in the task specification. The identification of the characteristics of single-stage and twostage absorption schemes confirmed the possibility of increasing the enterprise's efficiency through the use of secondary energy resources.

Results. The choice of initial data for the design of a singlestage absorption water-ammonia refrigeration machine (AVXM) was justified on the basis of a preliminary analysis carried out to calculate the size of the degassing interval. The calculation was carried out using a ξ – i diagram for the ammonia water solution.

Conclusion. Two prior conditions for the design of a high-performance absorption water-ammonia refrigeration machine were determined on the basis of an analysis of four conditions set by the customer. For operating conditions with a low degassing interval value, a scheme for an absorption water-ammonia refrigeration machine employing two-stage absorption is proposed.
THERMOELECTRIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES FOR THERMAL STABILISATION OF REA POWERFUL TRANSISTORS
Authors: Ismailov T. A. , Shakhmaeva A. R. , Ibragimova A. M.
Published: April 2020

Abstract. Aim. The aim of the study is to analyse the problem of heat dissipation in high-power transistors and develop devices for their thermal stabilisation when used in electronic equipment.

Method. A method is proposed for testing power transistors using a device to to ensure thermal stabilisation in the stating volume by means of a two-position temperature controller along with a model for the use of these components in electronic devices. The proposed devices support high thermal stabilisation accuracy of power transistors in a radioelectronic device system allowing temperature to be maintained at a given level with high accuracy by means of a thermoelectric battery.

Results. Device designs were developed for increasing the accuracy of thermal stabilisation of power transistors with high efficiency, low energy consumption and small size.

Conclusion. Based on the results of experimental studies, optimal designs for devices for the thermostabilisation of radioelectronic device components that dissipate significant power during their operation are presented. The devices can be used to increase the accuracy of thermal stabilisation of the radioelectronic device element by means of a working substance whose melting point coincides with its thermal stabilisation temperature. The developed devices have the following functions: the thermoelectric battery sections of the thermoelectric battery will be sequentially disconnected depending on the electrical signals from the temperature sensors to which the solid phase of the working substance has moved. The battery of the thermoelectric module (TEM) removes excess heat from the heat-stabilising substance while maintaining the required temperature of the radioelectronic device element. Excess heat from the heat-generating junctions of the TEM battery is removed by the heat exchanger. During melting of the working substance, the temperature of the thin-walled metal container – and, accordingly, the temperature of the CEA element – can be maintained at a constant value equal to the melting temperature of the working substance.
STUDY OF TORQUE NONUNIFORMITY IN DOUBLE-ACTION HYDRAULIC ROTARY VANE MO-TORS
Authors: Savin V. Yu. , Ilyichev V. Yu.
Published: April 2020

Abstract. Aim. Hydraulic rotary vane motors rely on the principle of torque maintained at a nominal pressure. In this case, the most important parameter of the torque is its nonuniformity. The problem of determining nonuniform torque in hydraulic motors having ten and twelve vanes is investigated with the aim of ensuring the maximum stability of this parameter.

Method. Braking torque occurs on the vanes of hydraulic rotary vane motors due to the pressure of the working fluid on the stator; the theoretical expression for torque does not take the braking effect of the vanes into account. Therefore, an expression is compiled for the braking torque of the vanes with a type of stator curve that provides constant acceleration of the vane relative to the rotor.

Results. Plots of changes in braking torques were constructed for 10- and 12-vane motors. Ratios of the minimum and maximum braking torques equal to 0.33 and 0.5 for motors with ten and twelve vanes, respectively, were obtained.

Conclusion. The torque nonuniformity coefficients for hydraulic motors for the given parameters of d =11,6% and d = 8,8% for motors having ten and twelve vanes, respectively, were obtained. The results of the analysis of the obtained parameters indicate a slight increase in the nonuniformity of torque in a ten-vane motor. In this case, a decrease in the number of vanes leads to an increase in the mechanical efficiency of the hydraulic machine.
USE OF A NUMERICAL ANALYTICAL MODEL FOR ASSESSING THE FUNCTIONAL EFFECTIVENESS OF AN INFORMATION PROTECTION SYSTEM BY ANALYSING ITS PROBABILISTIC-TEMPORAL CHARACTERISTICS
Authors: Alferov V. P. , Butskikh A. V. , Krisilov A. V. , Popov A. D. , Rogozin E. A.
Published: April 2020

Abstract. Aim Currently, the implementation of computational experiments to determine the probabilistic-temporal characteristics of protection functions for automated information systems is a complex and costly task. In order to study the dynamics of transitions between the states of this type of system, it is necessary to develop a mathematical model and an algorithm for computing the corresponding characteristics.

Method. To achieve this goal, a mathematical model of the information security system was developed in the MATLAB software environment. The main advantages of this software environment consist in a high level of visualisation, the ability to modify models to analyse other systems of this type and the availability of integration tools with other software products.

Results. The article presents a numerical and analytical model of a system for protecting information from unauthorised access. The functional dynamics of the system are described using a stochastic Petri net. In order to solve the integral equations and determine the probabilities of reaching the final state in a given time, the Laplace transform is used. The solution is carried out in an analytical mode to obtain an explicit form of the dependences of the probability-time characteristics of the system on the probabilities of transitions between states and the average times the system stays in each state. The paper presents the results of calculating the probability-time characteristics of the “Turning on the personal computer and user identification” subsystem of the “Guard NT” system for preventing unauthorised access to information.

Conclusion. The developed model, which can be used to study the dynamics of transitions between states of an information protection system against unauthorised access in an automated system, as well as to optimise the time it takes to complete functional tasks, can also be used to improve the operational efficiency of these systems.
ANALYSIS OF TYPICAL NETWORK ATTACKS ON AUTOMATED SYSTEMS OF INTERNAL AFFAIRS DEPARTMENTS
Authors: Drovnikova I. G. , Ovchinnikova Е. S. , Konobeevsky V. V.
Published: April 2020

Abstract. Aim Important contemporary trends in the theory and functional practice of secure automated systems at informatisation facilities of internal affairs bodies include an increase in the number of threats realised through remote unauthorised access (network attacks) on confidential in-formation resources, as well as the increasing complexity of implementing mechanisms aimed at providing protection from such attacks. In order to increase the effectiveness of existing and prospective automated security systems at the informatisation facilities of internal affairs bodies, it is necessary to identify and analyse typical network attacks aimed at components and software comprising these systems.

Method. The method for solving this problem consists in a comprehensive analysis of the process of implementing network attacks on automated systems when they are used in secure mode in the informatisation facilities of internal affairs bodies.

Results. Based on the analysis of information held in the security threat database developed by the Russian Federal Service for Technical and Export Control (FSTEC), modern features and operations of secure automated systems on the informatisation facilities of bodies of internal affairs and the results of a survey of experts in the field of information protection of allocated in accordance with the classification typology, eight types of dan-gerous attacks on automated systems of the internal affairs bodies are described taking into account their sources, objects, effects and possible consequences of implementation.

Conclusion. The presented results are of use in further studies to conduct a quantitative assessment of the danger of typical attacks and for developing a private model of actual attacks for a specific automated system, taking into account their functional features in secure mode operations at the informatisation facility of the internal affairs body.
Исследование объемного радиационного переноса тепла в кристалле и расплаве с помощью численного моделирования при выращивании кристаллов сапфира методом Степанова
Authors: Васильев М.Г. , Бахолдин С.И. , Крымов В.М.
Published: April 2020

Методом численного моделирования изучен эффект объемного радиационного переноса тепла при выращивании профилированных кристаллов сапфира из расплава. Рассмотрены особенности структуры световодного потока в кристалле и расплаве, а также возможность появления радиационной неустойчивости границы раздела фаз. Показано наличие переохлажденных областей под фронтом кристаллизации, размер которых зависит от скорости выращивания. Установлено, что использование конструкции конического формообразователя привело к более устойчивому процессу выращивания. Ключевые слова: сапфир, метод Степанова (EFG), радиационное переохлаждение расплава.
Экспериментальное исследование рабочего процесса в жидкостных ракетных двигателях с использованием электрофизического метода диагностики
Authors: Бобров А.Н. , Рудинский А.В. , Пушкин Н.М. , Сафонова Д.Б. , Ягодников Д.А.
Published: April 2020

An experimental study of the electromagnetic field generated by the low-temperature plasma of the fuel combustion products of a model liquid rocket engine was carried out. The components of the fuel were gaseous oxygen and ethyl alcohol. When simulating emergencies in the operation of a model rocket engine, the own electromagnetic field strength generated by the ionized fuel combustion products was recorded. A linear dependence of the magnetic field strength on the pressure in the combustion chamber is established in the range of 2.2-3.5 MPa. The possibility of using non-contact electrophysical methods for diagnosing the working process in power plants of aircraft using the value of the magnetic field strength as a “useful” signal is shown.
Фазовые превращения в оксидах железа под действием микроволнового излучения
Authors: Каныгина О.Н. , Бердинский В.Л. , Филяк М.М. , Четверикова А.Г. , Макаров В.Н. , Овечкин М.В.
Published: April 2020

It is shown that microwave radiation induces structure changes and, consequently, magnetic phase transitions in iron oxide alpha-Fe2O3. We subjected finely dispersed partially amorphized particles of iron oxide Fe2O3 to 10-minute-long microwave field treatment in a humid air environment. This resulted in a reduction of the hematite crystalline phase by 40%. At the same time the total fraction of crystalline components increased due to the creation of a new ferromagnetic modification which is maghemite alpha-Fe2O3. The original antiferromagnetic samples and the finial ferrimagnetic batches were powders composed of spherical particles with similar values of the area of a coherent X-ray scattering area (40-60 nm).
Влияние примесей легких элементов на скорость движения фронта кристаллизации в Ni и Ag: молекулярно-динамическое моделирование
Authors: Полетаев Г.М. , Зоря И.В.
Published: April 2020

The effect of impurities of light elements C, N, O on the velocity of motion of the crystallization front in fcc metals Ni and Ag was studied by the method of molecular dynamics. The dependences of the crystallization rate on the concentration of impurities are obtained. It is shown that the presence of impurities leads to a significant slowdown in the velocity of motion of the crystallization front in metals. Braking of the crystallization front by the impurity atoms is associated with the local deformation of the crystal lattice that they cause, and, as a rule, the greater this deformation, the stronger the impurity atoms inhibit the crystallization front.
Evaluating an Intervention Program Using WeChat for Patients With Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Jiang Yuyu , Liu Fenglan , Guo Jianlan , Sun Pingping , Chen Zhongyi , Li Jinping , Cai Liming , Zhao Hongqing , Gao Ping , Ding Zhaosheng , Wu Xiaoliang
Published: April 2020

Background

The application of telemedicine in home pulmonary rehabilitation interventions for the management of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) has achieved promising results.

Objective

This study aimed to develop a WeChat official account (Pulmonary Internet Explorer Rehabilitation [PeR]) based on social media. It further evaluated the effect of PeR on the quality of life, symptoms, and exercise self-efficacy of patients with COPD.

Methods

The functional modules of PeR were developed by a multidisciplinary team according to the electronic health–enhanced chronic care model (eCCM) components. A total of 106 patients were randomly selected (53 in the PeR group and 53 in the outpatient face-to-face group [FtF]). Pulmonary rehabilitation intervention was conducted for 3 months, and the outcome was observed for 3 months. The primary outcome was patient quality of life measured with the COPD assessment test (CAT). The secondary outcomes were evaluated using the modified Medical Research Council scale (mMRC), exercise self-regulatory efficacy scale (Ex-SRES), and St George’s Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ).

Results

The intention-to-treat analysis was used in the study. A total of 94 participants completed the 6-month pulmonary rehabilitation program. No statistically significant differences were observed in CAT (F1,3=7.78, P=.001), Ex-SRES (F1,3=21.91, P<.001), and mMRC scores (F1,3=29.64, P<.001) between the two groups with the variation in time tendency. The Ex-SRES score had a significant effect on the CAT score (P=.03). The partial regression coefficient of Ex-SRES to CAT was 0.81, and Exp (B) was 2.24.

Conclusions

The telemedicine technology was effective using the eCCM combined with a behavioral intervention strategy centering on self-efficacy. Pulmonary rehabilitation at home through PeR and FtF could improve the sense of self-efficacy and quality of life and alleviate symptoms in patients with COPD.

Trial Registration

Chinese Clinical Trial Registry ChiCTR1900022770; https://tinyurl.com/tmmvpq3
Bibliometric Analysis of Research on the Comorbidity of Cancer and Pain (Preprint)
Authors: Wu Cheng-Cheng , Wang Yi-Zu , Hu Hao-Yu , Wang Xue-Qiang
Published: April 2020

BACKGROUND

Pain is the most common symptom in patients with neoplasm. It is a distressing experience that seriously that destructs the quality of life of patients, with a high prevalence in clinical observations. However, only few studies have applied bibliometric methods to analyze systematic works on the comorbidity of cancer and pain.

OBJECTIVE

This work aimed to conduct a systematic analysis of the scientific studies worldwide on the comorbidity of cancer and pain in 2010–2019.

METHODS

The Web of Science databases were searched for publications related to the comorbidity of cancer and pain from 2010 to 2019.

RESULTS

A total of 3,423 papers met the inclusion criteria in this research. The increase in the quantity of papers presented a significant growth from 2010 to 2019 (P<0.001) by linear regression analysis. The research subject categories of the 3,423 papers mainly concentrated on oncology (28.57%), clinical neurology (25.62%), and healthcare science services (15.89%). The United States had the highest number of published papers, followed by the People’s Republic of China and England. According to scientific statistics, breast cancer (20.36%) was by far the most predominant topic in the papers related to the comorbidity of cancer and pain.

CONCLUSIONS

This bibliometric research provided a framework for visual and quantitative research to management scholars in favor of exploring potential field related to hot issue and research frontiers.
COVID-19 Misinformation and Toxicological Consequences (Preprint)
Authors: Amrollahi-Sharifabadi Mohammad
Published: April 2020

UNSTRUCTURED

The new Corona virus pandemic alarmed the world. Misinformation regarding prevention and treatment for safeguarding against this pandemic seemed to be more contagious and hazardous than the Corona virus. Public health authorities in the world tried to battle this virtual virus by offering true information and correcting misinformation. However, the public misinformation through social media caused toxicological consequences in some parts of the world which provoked awareness, response, and concern of the public health authorities including the FDA and toxicology community. On the other hand, finding new strategies for the prevention and treatment of the corona virus again stress the roles of toxicology, infodemiology, and social media. Hundreds of chemicals are being tested to be prophylactic medications or healing drugs for the corona virus. Therefore, spread accurate information and edit misinformation will be crucial. Conclusively, toxicology education to the public is a necessity and conducting more toxicological infodemiology studies recommended.
Gender Stereotypes and Self-Efficacy as Determinants of the Glass Ceiling Effect: A Study of Female Civil Servants in Central Java
Authors: Firdausia Salsabila , Yusuf Munawir , Anggarani Fadjri Kirana
Published: April 2020

Glass ceiling refers to the obstruction of opportunities for female employees to get promoted to higher positions, despite being qualified and having achievements, due to gender discrimination. This study aimed to identify the relationship between gender stereotypes and self-efficacy with the glass ceiling phenomenon experienced by female civil servants in Central Java. Sixty female civil servants were involved as samples. This study used three instruments: glass ceiling scale (α = 0.855), gender stereotypes scale (α = 0.933), and self-efficacy scale (α = 0.879). The data was processed using linear regression analysis. The findings revealed that there was a strong correlation (r = 0.803) between gender stereotypes (β1 = 0.377) and self-efficacy (β2 = -0.431) with the glass ceiling phenomenon experienced by female civil servants in Central Java.
Response to First Course of Intensified Immunosuppression in Genetically Stratified Steroid Resistant Nephrotic Syndrome
Authors: Mason Anna E. , Sen Ethan S. , Bierzynska Agnieszka , Colby Elizabeth , Afzal Maryam , Dorval Guillaume , Koziell Ania B. , Williams Maggie , Boyer Olivia , Welsh Gavin I. , Saleem Moin A. ,   on behalf of the UK RaDaR/NephroS Study
Published: April 2020

Background and objectives

Intensified immunosuppression in steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome is broadly applied, with disparate outcomes. This review of patients from the United Kingdom National Study of Nephrotic Syndrome cohort aimed to improve disease stratification by determining, in comprehensively genetically screened patients with steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome, if there is an association between response to initial intensified immunosuppression and disease progression and/or post-transplant recurrence.

Design, setting, participants, & measurements

Pediatric patients with steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome were recruited via the UK National Registry of Rare Kidney Diseases. All patients were whole-genome sequenced, whole-exome sequenced, or steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome gene-panel sequenced. Complete response or partial response within 6 months of starting intensified immunosuppression was ascertained using laboratory data. Response to intensified immunosuppression and outcomes were analyzed according to genetic testing results, pattern of steroid resistance, and first biopsy findings.

Results

Of 271 patients, 178 (92 males, median onset age 4.7 years) received intensified immunosuppression with response available. A total of 4% of patients with monogenic disease showed complete response, compared with 25% of genetic-testing-negative patients (P=0.02). None of the former recurred post-transplantation. In genetic-testing-negative patients, 97% with complete response to first intensified immunosuppression did not progress, whereas 44% of nonresponders developed kidney failure with 73% recurrence post-transplant. Secondary steroid resistance had a higher complete response rate than primary/presumed resistance (43% versus 23%; P=0.001). The highest complete response rate in secondary steroid resistance was to rituximab (64%). Biopsy results showed no correlation with intensified immunosuppression response or outcome.

Conclusions

Patients with monogenic steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome had a poor therapeutic response and no post-transplant recurrence. In genetic-testing-negative patients, there was an association between response to first intensified immunosuppression and long-term outcome. Patients with complete response rarely progressed to kidney failure, whereas nonresponders had poor kidney survival and a high post-transplant recurrence rate. Patients with secondary steroid resistance were more likely to respond, particularly to rituximab.
Procedural Fairness: Minimum Wage or Minimum Democratic Governance?
Authors: Guy Leondre A.
Published: April 2020

This article critically examines the Ontario government announcing in its 2007 budget that it would increase the minimum wage incrementally, the last hike to occur in March 2010. In March 2009, Premier McGuinty met with business leaders in a private, behind closed doors meeting. News of this leaked out revealing that he stated that he might cancel the remaining increases given economic conditions. Pressed by reporters to explain his apparent flip flop, and shamed by the lack of transparency, he reversed himself again saying this: When we talk about the minimum wage, we have to ask ourselves what it is that we owe both our workers and employers. I think clearly we owe them fairness. Our commitment was to get $10.25 an hour one year from now and we will honour that commitment. This article will review the procedural fairness issues arising in this scenario including both the legal definition and the political implications for democratic governance.
PENGARUH PENERBITAN SURAT PAKSA DAN SURAT PERINTAH PENYITAAN TERHADAP PENERIMAAN PPH PASAL 25 WAJIB PAJAK ORANG PRIBADI
Authors: Pratiwi Arslinda Dwi , Setyawan Setu
Published: April 2020

Tax receipts are one source of income that has a major impact on the prosperity and welfare of the community.  In 2016, 81.75% of the country's revenues come from taxes. There is a decrease in the amount of income tax article 25 WP-OP, in 2016 amounted to 36.12% led to reduced tax revenue. One of the things that most influence the income tax is the tax audit that generates tax assessment letters and tax collection. This study purpose to examine the effect of Issuance of forced letter and confiscation warrant on Income Tax Article 25 WP-OP. in this research is KPP Pratama Gresik Utara in 2015-2017. In this study, the sample amounted to 35 by using multiple linear regression analysis techniques. The results showed that simultaneous issuance of forced letter and confiscation warrant have a significant effect on Income Tax Article 25 WP-OP
KESANTUNAN BERBAHASA DALAM KUMPULAN CERITA RAKYAT NUSA TENGGARA TIMUR
Authors: Doko Yunitha Devrudyan
Published: April 2020

Abstrak
Penelitian dengan sumber data Kumpulan Cerita Rakyat Nusa Tenggara Timur ini bertujuan untuk menemukan jenis-jenis maksim sebagai kaidah kesantunan berbahasa dan pelanggarannya, serta implikatur di dalam tuturan yang ditemukan. Kesantunan Berbahasa dalam Kumpulan Cerita Rakyat Nusa Tenggara Timur merupakan penelitian deskriptif kualitatif. Teori yang digunakan adalah yang dikemukakan oleh Leech (1983) tentang prinsip kesantunan berbahasa yang terbagi dalam enam maksim. Data dianalisis berdasarkan uraian cerita dan dialog tuturan antar tokoh untuk menemukan pematuhan kaidah maksim-maksim dan pelanggarannya. Kemudian dari tuturan yang ditemukan dipilah jenis implikaturnya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan dari sebelas sumber data yang peneliti gunakan ditemukan keenam maksim yang menjadi patokan kesantunan berbahasa. Maksim kebijaksanaan terdiri dari 13 tuturan, maksim kedermawanan terdiri atas 5 tuturan, maksim penghargaan terdiri atas 15 tuturan, maksim kerendahan hati terdiri atas 2 tuturan, maksim kecocokan terdiri atas 8 tuturan dan maksim simpati terdiri atas 6 tuturan. Beberapa pelanggaran maksim yang ditemukan meliputi pelanggaran maksim kebijaksanaan terdiri dari 29 tuturan, pelanggaran maksim penghargaan terdiri atas 1 tuturan, pelanggaran maksim kerendahan hati terdiri atas 1 tuturan, dan pelanggaran maksim simpati terdiri atas 3 tuturan. 3 tuturan yang masuk kedalam jenis implikatur nonkonvensional sedangkan sisanya 80 tuturan merupakan tuturan dengan implikatur konvensional

Kata kunci: cerita rakyat, kesantunan, maksim kebahasaan
Habilidades sociais de estudantes de Enfermagem e Psicologia
Authors: Carneiro Machado Francielle , Braga Matias Santos Luana , Moreira Júnnia Maria
Published: April 2020

Além do conhecimento técnico, a atuação profissional requer competências pessoais e sociais. O presente trabalho objetivou comparar o repertório de habilidades sociais dos estudantes de início e fim dos cursos de Psicologia e Enfermagem de uma instituição pública brasileira. Cento e trinta e nove estudantes universitários responderam a um questionário inicial e ao Inventário de Habilidades Sociais - IHS-Del-Prette. Os resultados indicaram correlações entre tempo de curso e quantidade de atividades acadêmicas e habilidades sociais específicas. Os estudantes de Enfermagem apresentaram maiores índices de habilidades sociais que os de Psicologia. Os estudantes que participavam em atividades acadêmicas, aqueles que já haviam ingressado em outros cursos e as mulheres também apresentaram escores maiores em fatores específicos. Conclui-se que experiências como atividades práticas dos currículos dos cursos, ingresso em outros cursos e a participação em atividades acadêmicas, além de papéis de gênero, podem afetar o desenvolvimento das habilidades sociais.