bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Tevfik Fikret’in Evi: Aşiyan
Authors: Demirgüç Ufuk
Published: March 2023

Edebiyatı ve kendisi hakkında en çok çalışma yapılmış ve hala yapılan edebiyatçılardan birisi de Tevfik Fikret’tir (1867-1915). Tevfik Fikret’in evi hakkında yapılmış detaylı bir çalışma ise bulunmamaktadır. Doktora tez çalışmasından üretilmiş bu metin, Fikret’in kendi tasarladığı, 1906’dan 1915’teki ölümüne dek yaşadığı ve Aşiyan olarak adlandırdığı evini anlama çabasıdır ve yorumsal bir yaklaşıma sahiptir. Odağını İstanbul, Rumelihisarı’nda inşa edilmiş evin mimarisinin oluşturduğu metinde, evin bahçesi, dekorasyonu ve eşyalarına ilişkin çalışma makalenin sınırlarını aşacağından bu konulardan kısaca bahsedilmiştir.

Toplumsal ve kentsel yaşam dönüşümünün ivmelendiği 19. yüzyıl İstanbulu’nda Osmanlı kültürel seçkinleri, geleneksel olanın dışındaki düşünce tarzları ve estetik beğenileriyle yeni bir yaşam ortamı aramış ve yaratmaya çalışmışlardır. İstanbul’da yeni oluşan yerleşmelerde, Batı’dan gelen yeni biçimlere zaten açılmış olan konut mimarisi yaygınlık kazanmıştır.

1896-1901 arasında Tevfik Fikret’in yayın yönetmenliğini üstlendiği dönemde Servet-i Fünûn dergisi çevresinde toplanan edebiyatçılar, edebi başlangıcı Fransa’da olan Estetik Hareket’in de temel sloganı haline dönüşmüş “Sanat sanat içindir” görüşünü benimsemiştir. Servet-i Fünûn topluluğunun önde gelen temsilcilerinden Tevfik Fikret’in tasarladığı ve inşa ettiği evi Aşiyan’ın incelendiği bu çalışma ile yüzyıl dönümü kültürel seçkinlerinin yeni yaşam ortamı arayışlarındaki yönelişler ve geç Osmanlı toplumunun ev kavrayışındaki değişimin bir yönü araştırılmaktadır.

Aşiyan, bir geç dönem Osmanlı entelektüelinin yaşam dünyasını aydınlatması açısından önemli veriler sunar. Evin mimari unsurlarında, mekânsal biçimlenişinde ve ev eşyalarının seçiminde Arts and Crafts ve Estetik Hareket’in etkisi görülür. Fikret’in evini kendisinin tasarlamış olması, mekânsal, biçimsel ve dekoratif tercihlerinin anlamlandırılmasına imkân verir. Ev, şair Tevfik Fikret’in düşünsel, duygusal dünyasını yansıtan şiirsel bir imgenin mimari ifadesi olarak yorumlanabilir.
III Congresso Catarinense de Motricidade Humana - Desenvolvimento Humano e Dispraxias: do lactente ao idoso
Authors: Rosa Neto Francisco
Published: March 2023

O Laboratório de Desenvolvimento Humano (LADEHU), em parceria com o Centro de Ciências da Saúde e do Esporte (CEFID) da Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), realizou nos dias 02 e 03 de dezembro de 2022 a terceira edição do Congresso Catarinense de Motricidade Humana (III CCMH). O III CCMH celebrou os 25 anos de trajetória do LADEHU, um dos primeiros laboratórios fundados no CEFID/UDESC, que desde 1997 promove ações multiprofissionais e interdisciplinares no campo da Motricidade Humana, com foco na identificação e intervenção nos diferentes distúrbios do desenvolvimento. O evento ocorreu de forma presencial, nas dependências do CEFID/UDESC, e teve como público-alvo docentes e discentes de diferentes áreas (Educação Física, Fisioterapia, Terapia Ocupacional, Medicina, Enfermagem, Pedagogia, Fonoaudiologia, Educação Especial, outros). A programação do evento incluiu palestras e minicursos diversificados, proferidos por professores/pesquisadores renomados e influentes nos respectivos temas. O tema do III CCMH foi “DESENVOLVIMENTO HUMANO E DISPRAXIAS: DO LACTENTE AO IDOSO” e possibilitou a submissão de resumos simples, em eixo temático único, alinhado ao tema central da edição. Os trabalhos aprovados foram apresentados durante o III CCMH, na modalidade pôster, com premiação e menção honrosa para os destaques.
Rabaty retrospektywne w prawie antymonopolowym i przepisach ustawy o przeciwdziałaniu nieuczciwemu wykorzystywaniu przewagi kontraktowej
Authors: Racka Katarzyna , Herbet-Homenda Weronika ,   Katedra Prawa Handlowego Wydziału Prawa i Administracji Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego, Dorabialski Wojciech
Published: March 2023

Retrorabaty (inaczej: rabaty retrospektywne, retroaktywne, rabaty z mocą wsteczną) są jednym z częściej spotykanych instrumentów polityki sprzedaży, który – zwłaszcza w ostatnim czasie – przyciąga uwagę organów antymonopolowych. Wobec różnorodności stosowanych przez przedsiębiorców modeli rabatowych oraz niejednoznaczności wpływu tego rodzaju upustów na stan konkurencji na rynku, dopuszczalność i warunki stosowania retrorabatów od lat są przedmiotem dyskusji na gruncie przepisów antymonopolowych, a w obecnym stanie prawnym – również regulacji mających na celu przeciwdziałanie nieuczciwemu wykorzystywaniu przewagi kontraktowej w obrocie produktami rolnymi i spożywczymi. Celem niniejszego artykułu jest nakreślenie ram prawnych i tła ekonomicznego dla oceny przedmiotowego rodzaju systemu rabatowego oraz analiza głównych czynników ryzyka, wynikających z dotychczasowego stanowiska organów antymonopolowych – Komisji Europejskiej oraz Prezesa Urzędu Ochrony Konkurencji i Konsumentów – i orzecznictwa.
Glosa do wyroku Sądu Ochrony Konkurencji i Konsumentów sygn. akt XVII Amo 1/21 z dnia 7 czerwca 2021 roku, dotyczącego decyzji Prezesa Urzędu Ochrony Konkurencji i Konsumentów nr DKK-34/2021 z 5 lutego 2021 roku
Authors: Krzyżewski Tomasz
Published: March 2023

Glosa dotyczy wyroku Sądu Ochrony Konkurencji i Konsumentów wydanego w sprawie Orlen/Polska Press. Omówiono w niej również wydane w ww. sprawie decyzje Prezesa Urzędu Ochrony Konkurencji i Konsumentów, a także odwołanie od decyzji Rzecznika Praw Obywatelskich. Glosa obejmuje głównie zagadnienia dotyczące możliwości uwzględnienia przesłanek pozaekonomicznych w ramach oceny planowanej koncentracji.
Ciało obce: zasady RODO a gospodarka rynkowa
Authors:   Wydział Prawa i Administracji Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego, Pałka Przemysław
Published: March 2023

Artykuł analizuje relacje pomiędzy logiką RODO a logiką rynkową w kontekście tzw. kapitalizmu inwigilacji. Wbrew powszechnie przyjmowanej opinii szkody związane z komercyjnym nadzorem (manipulacja, dyskryminacja, negatywne skutki dla zdrowia psychicznego) często nie wynikają z niewystarczającej egzekucji RODO, a z faktu, że rozporządzenie to nie wypowiada się na temat legalności konkretnych celów przetwarzania danych. W realiach rynkowych, przy braku regulacji, to administratorzy de facto decydują o tym, jakie dane wykorzystane mogą być w jakim celu. By wyjść z tego impasu, artykuł proponuje ustawowe uregulowanie dopuszczalności niektórych konkretnych celów przetwarzania danych.
Ochrona konsumentów wobec systemów rekomendacji
Authors:   Wydział Prawa i Administracji Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego, Olbryk Aleksandra
Published: March 2023

Systemy rekomendacji są używane przez platformy w celu ułatwienia konsumentom wyboru najkorzystniejszej opcji oraz osiągnięcia jak największej indywidualizacji ofert. Korzystając z nich, konsumenci są jednak narażeni m.in. na nieuczciwe praktyki handlowe wprowadzające w błąd, a w konsekwencji na podjęcie niekorzystnej ekonomicznie decyzji. Celem artykułu jest odpowiedź na pytanie, czy zawarte w akcie o usługach cyfrowych (Digital Services Act – DSA) regulacje przyczyniają się do poprawy sytuacji konsumentów w kontekście systemów rekomendacji oraz ocena roli ochrony zapewnianej przez dyrektywę 2005/29/WE o nieuczciwych praktykach handlowych.
Nouveau régime forestier et conditions de travail en sylviculture : retour vers le futur?
Authors: Gesualdi-Fecteau Dalia , Venne Béatrice , Matte Guilmain Laurence , Asselin Hugo
Published: March 2023

En 2013, le gouvernement du Québec a introduit un nouveau régime forestier qui a transformé la dynamique dans la gouvernance de la forêt publique. Parmi les changements apportés, l’État est désormais chargé de planifier et de gérer les activités d’aménagement forestier.

L’aménagement forestier comprend des activités commerciales et non commerciales. De 1986 à 2013, le gouvernement attribuait aux entreprises forestières des volumes de bois à long terme au moyen de « contrats d’approvisionnement et d’aménagement forestier » (CAAF). Ces entreprises avaient également la responsabilité d’assurer les travaux sylvicoles non commerciaux visant la régénération des peuplements forestiers. La Loi sur l’aménagement durable du territoire forestier, en vigueur depuis 2013, a transformé en profondeur l’organisation des activités dans ce secteur. Sur le plan des activités commerciales, l’octroi de CAAF est remplacé par des « garanties d’approvisionnement », lesquelles confèrent à leurs bénéficiaires un volume de bois de la forêt publique à des fins de transformation. Sur le plan des activités non commerciales, l’État assume désormais l’entière responsabilité de la planification et de la gestion des opérations, jadis confiée aux titulaires de CAAF.

À partir de données empiriques, ce texte met en lumière la façon dont le régime forestier instauré en 2013 a permis l’émergence d’acteurs, exogènes au champ du droit du travail, dont les pratiques et les schémas d’action façonnent aujourd’hui les conditions de travail des ouvriers et des ouvrières sylvicoles effectuant des tâches non mécanisées. Cette main-d’oeuvre effectue des opérations d’éducation de peuplement au moyen d’une scie débroussailleuse ainsi que du reboisement. Les acteurs identifiés interviennent dans la dynamique d’attribution et de supervision des contrats de travaux sylvicoles non commerciaux et jouent un rôle de contrôle et de surveillance des conditions de travail, laissant aux parties à la relation d’emploi un pouvoir limité.

Précis

En 2013, le gouvernement du Québec a introduit un nouveau régime forestier sur fond de crise sociale alors que plusieurs estimaient que l’exploitation de la forêt se faisait de façon erratique et sans égards aux écosystèmes et communautés s’y établissant. L’un des objectifs poursuivis par le nouveau régime forestier était notamment de mettre en place une gestion forestière assurant le développement du « potentiel économique, écologique et social des forêts ». Qu’en est-il toutefois des conditions de travail de la main-d’oeuvre assurant la régénération des peuplements forestiers? À partir de données empiriques, ce texte explore la façon dont la détermination des conditions de travail des ouvriers et des ouvrières sylvicoles dépend de l’intervention d’acteurs exogènes au champ du droit du travail.
Construção de uma falsa consciência da realidade
Authors: De Ribeiro Munhoz Costa Patricia Helena , Mesquida Peri
Published: March 2023

Este artigo tem como referência parte de um capítulo da dissertação de mestrado em Educação. O objetivo é demonstrar como o pensamento gramsciano pode auxiliar na compreensão dos processos e consequências da produção de Fake News no mundo contemporâneo, e compreender à seguinte exigência de Gramsci: necessitamos de uma escola ligada à vida (GRAMSCI, 1991). Para então, analisar um possível caminho para a educação do século XXI, no sentido da formação dos sujeitos para uma realidade permeada de falsos discursos, os quais buscam criar uma falsa consciência da realidade. O percurso metodológico da pesquisa é guiado pela Hermenêutica que nos ajuda a compreender as narrativas em seus dizeres e silêncios que produzem uma concepção de mundo, a partir de uma relação que ultrapassa o tempo aproximando uma discussão da atualidade com o pensamento de Antonio Gramsci. Assim, o aporte teórico se concentra em três grandes intelectuais que dialogam: Gramsci (1991 e 2000), Freire (1979; 1986 e 2019) e Martín-Barbero (2014).  Ao concluir o artigo, acreditamos ter compreendido a urgência de refletir e discutir em profundidade o que permeia a produção de Fake News e os impactos diretos na formação dos sujeitos, o qual se depara constantemente com falsos discursos da realidade. Além da necessidade de introduzirmos práticas educomunicativas, tanto na educação formal quanto informal.
Profissionalidade docente nas políticas curriculares para a Educação Infantil no Brasil:
Authors: Diniz Gutierres Borges Juliana , Alves Garcia Maria Manuela
Published: March 2023

O artigo investiga, do ponto vista da Teoria Política do Discurso, de Ernesto Laclau e Chantal Mouffe, as articulações discursivas de diferentes agentes e organizações que, no Brasil, disputaram hegemonia em torno da profissionalidade docente para a Educação Infantil no contexto de produção das Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais para a Educação Infantil – DCNEI (BRASIL, 2009) e da Base Nacional Comum Curricular para a Educação Infantil – BNCC/EI (BRASIL, 2018). Como estratégia de pesquisa, manejou-se com formações discursivas, fazendo emergir as contingencialidades que possibilitaram a constituição de certos discursos frente a um exterior antagônico. Argumenta-se que múltiplas formações discursivas acerca da infância, do ser e do agir docentes, deixaram rastros nesses documentos, ressaltando-se a precariedade dos sentidos que se estabilizaram, sendo, portanto, impossível a fixação de um sentido específico e último dessa docência e sua formação profissional, pela existência de outros enunciados que disputam a hegemonia, ameaçam e se antagonizam nos processos políticos.  Aposta-se na descentralização dos sujeitos. Crianças e professoras de Educação Infantil existem através das relações que estabelecem entre si, sempre em contextos particulares. As identificações são construídas e reconstruídas em contextos específicos, mutáveis. Constituem-se em processos híbridos e justapostos, construídos de maneira dinâmica e fluida. Estudar as políticas curriculares a partir desse enfoque discursivo possibilitou deslocamentos de articulações de sentidos e a reconfiguração de modos instituídos de docência, desestabilizando estruturas tidas como estáveis.
Triangulação metodológica em pesquisas etnográficas com e sobre crianças
Authors: Santos Sandro Vinicius Sales dos , Baptista Mônica Correia
Published: March 2023

Este artigo analisa os alcances e limites de metodologias de pesquisa e advoga pela importância da triangulação na construção e na análise de dados em estudos das infâncias, em especial, nas pesquisas com e sobre crianças. Situado na interseção dos Novos Estudos Sociais da Infância com a produção científica da área da Educação da Criança de Zero a Seis Anos, o texto parte da seguinte problematização: Que orientações metodológicas seriam adequadas para permitir a identificação das peculiaridades das infâncias e das relações sociais que se estabelecem nos primeiros anos de vida, em especial em contextos educativos? Para debater esta e outras questões, são revisitados dados de uma pesquisa cujo trabalho de campo foi desenvolvido ao longo de nove meses do ano de 2013, em uma Unidade Municipal de Educação Infantil (UMEI), de Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais. Participaram do estudo, dezoito crianças de quatro/cinco anos (oito meninas e dez meninos), além de duas professoras. A produção de dados ocorreu por meio de observação participante; de desenhos articulados com a oralidade; de fotografias produzidas pelas crianças, também conjugadas com suas falas, e de entrevistas. As análises sugerem que a triangulação, quando associada aos princípios da etnografia, tais como a observação prolongada; a construção de análises holísticas e, ao mesmo tempo focalizadas, associados à dimensão autocorretiva e reflexiva, possibilita a ampliação da interpretação dos dados e o alargamento da construção de sentidos e de possibilidades para a pesquisa com e sobre crianças e infâncias.
Narrativas de mulheres sobre o processo de envelhecimento feminino: reflexões a partir de uma perspectiva psicanalítica
Authors: Farias Miani Luiza , Cordeiro Silvia Nogueira
Published: March 2023

Dados da Organização Mundial da Saúde indicam que a população idosa passará de 841 milhões para 2 bilhões até 2050. Podemos, portanto, constatar o envelhecimento populacional também como uma realidade brasileira. Pesquisas realizadas pelo IBGE em 2012 apontaram para um predomínio de mulheres nesse grupo etário, fenômeno conhecido como feminização da velhice. Frente a essa realidade, o objetivo deste estudo foi realizar a escuta de mulheres entre 60 e 70 anos que participam de grupos de convivência para terceira idade, de modo a conhecer como elas entendem e vivenciam o processo de envelhecimento. Trata-se de uma pesquisa descritiva com delineamento clínico qualitativo. As entrevistas foram realizadas via plataforma digital, foram realizadas leituras sucessivas dos materiais coletados e diário de campo. A técnica utilizada se deu a partir da análise temática. A partir da análise das entrevistas emergiram quatro categorias: Velha é sempre a outra, Você vai envelhecendo as coisas vão ficando menos, Está na hora de aposentar a velha e La tem bingo para estar sempre em comunicação com as pessoas.
Efeitos do treinamento de mindfulness no desempenho esportivo e nas habilidades psicológicas de atletas:revisão sistemática
Authors: Andrade de Sousa Bianca , Di Pierro Carla , Calais Sandra Leal
Published: March 2023

O desempenho esportivo é influenciado por múltiplas habilidades. Com o objetivo de aprimorar habilidades psicológicas, diversas intervenções têm sido desenvolvidas, como o treinamento de mindfulness (TI), tornando-se necessário avaliar os efeitos dessas intervenções para futuros direcionamentos. O presente estudo teve como objetivo investigar os efeitos do TI no desempenho esportivo e nas habilidades psicológicas de atletas por meio de uma revisão sistemática. Esta revisão seguiu as recomendações do PRISMA. Foram incluídos estudos randomizados, não randomizados e intervenções pré e pós, que avaliaram o desempenho esportivo e habilidades ​​psicológicas por meio de instrumentos e procedimentos quantitativos, com amostras compostas por atletas profissionais e amadores, disponíveis em português, espanhol e inglês, e publicados entre 2010-2020. As buscas foram realizadas no MEDLINE, PsycNet, Scopus, LILACS, Web of Science e SPORTDiscus. A elegibilidade e a qualidade dos estudos foram avaliadas por dois pesquisadores independentes. As pesquisas identificaram 1579 artigos e, após análise, 32 estudos foram incluídos. Foi possível identificar efeitos positivos do TI em diferentes variáveis: 11 estudos encontraram efeitos positivos no desempenho esportivo, 14 no estado de mindfulness, 9 no estado de fluxo, 5 na redução da ansiedade competitiva, 3 no estresse, 4 na ansiedade geral e 2 no pessimismo. Conclui-se que o TI pode promover o desempenho esportivo e habilidades psicológicas em atletas, porém é necessário desenvolver estudos com melhor qualidade, especialmente no Brasil.
GÖRSEL SANAT ÖĞRENCİLERİNİN KRİPTO SANAT (NFT) DÜNYASI HAKKINDAKİ GÖRÜŞLERİ
Authors: KARAMAN Merve
Published: March 2023

Teknolojide yaşanan gelişmeler sanatı da etkilemektedir. Dijitalleşen sanat piyasası için son dönemlerde yeni kavramlardan olan kripto sanat (NFT) ortamları popüler hale gelmeye başlamıştır. Sanat ürünlerinin bu dijital ortamlarda sergilenmesi, satışa sunulması mümkün hale gelmiştir. Sanat adına bu kadar güncel olan bir konuda özellikle geleceğin sanatçıları olan sanat öğrencilerinin görüşlerinin alınması önem taşımaktadır. Bu kapsamda araştırmada sanat için güncel bir konu olan kripto sanat (NFT) kavramına ilişkin olarak öğrenci görüşlerinin alınması planlanmıştır. Çalışma kapsamında 3’lü likert ölçeği uygulanarak kripto sanat (NFT) ile ilgili olarak sanat öğrencilerin görüşlerini almak amaçlanmaktadır. Bu kapsamda araştırmada 2022-2023 güz döneminde 9 sorudan oluşturulan anket yoluyla İstanbul Topkapı Üniversitesi Güzel Sanatlar Tasarım ve Mimarlık Fakültesi’nde okuyan 264 sanat öğrencisinin görüşleri alınmış ve nicel analiz yöntemi ile tablolaştırılarak analiz edilmiştir. Çalışmanın sonucunda ise sanat okuyan öğrencilerin kripto sanat (NFT) ile ilgili olarak; NFT nedir tanımını bildikleri, NFT takip ettikleri, kendileri de NFT yapıp satabilmek ve NFT almak istedikleri, NFT platformları hakkında bilgi sahibi oldukları, NFTyi maddi kazanç sağlamanın bir yolu olarak gördükleri, NFTleri ve NFT sanatçılarını güncel olarak takip ettikleri ortaya çıkmıştır.
DIGITAL ACTIVISM IN TURKEY: ISTANBUL CONVENTION AS A SYMBOL OF WOMEN’S MOVEMENT
Authors: ÖZTUNÇ Müge
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACT

Digital platforms that allow individuals to interact and offer a public space where people can share the content they produce and seek their rights play a crucial role in organizing activist protests, promoting new representations, and presenting adversary political voices. New activism, called 'digital activism,' is the activities by individuals or organizations in the digital environment to create the social change they desire. Social movements that started on these platforms with the claim of a better world while expressing social discomforts that are unsuitable for the flow of life may also offer new solutions.

This study reveals the social and political dimensions of how digital activism is shaped in Turkey through the Istanbul Convention, which appears to be the symbol where women, and non-governmental organizations, have struggled for years. The social struggle for both the existence and the implementation of the protection mechanisms of the Istanbul convention, was terminated by the Presidential decree, was analyzed with the content analysis method. Twitter posts under the hashtags "#İstanbulSözleşmesiYaşatır," (IstanbulConventionGivesLife), "#İstanbulSözleşmesindenVazgeçmiyoruz," (WeWon'tAbandonTheIstanbulConvention), "#İstanbulSözleşmesi" (IstanbulConvention) and explored categories related to the reflections of digital activism in Turkey was interpreted. According to the results, while the categories such as informing the public, not yielding, acting together for the benefit of society, and not giving up in the online struggle come to the fore, it is seen that digital is actively used in transferring activism offline. Another important finding of the research is that the main opposition party, individual activists, bar associations, and lawyers, especially women's non-governmental organizations, come to the fore as the most active groups and play an active role outside of digital platforms by directing the society.

Keywords: Digital activism, Istanbul convention, Right-wing populism, Twitter hashtag, Women’s movements
İÇ MEKANDA YATAĞIN ÖRTÜK ANLAMI: THOMAS ROWLANDSON’IN YATAK TEMSİLLERİ ÜZERİNE BİR İNCELEME
Authors: GÖKDEMİR Gözde , UÇAR Uğur Efe
Published: March 2023

Yatak farklı coğrafya ve kültürlerde değişim göstermekte, mekansal gelişmeler doğrultusunda farklı tasarım ve kullanım biçimlerine sahip olmaktadır. Yatak aynı zamanda uyku eylemine olanak sağlayan bir mobilya olmanın ötesinde, kullanıcısının korunma, sosyalleşme, ısınma gibi çeşitli gereksinimlerini karşılayan tasarım kararlarını içerisinde barındırmaktadır. Bu noktada sunulan çalışmanın amacı; mekan, kullanıcı gereksinimi ve tasarım kavramları ara kesitinde yatağın sahip olduğu örtük anlamların tarihsel bir bakış açısıyla ele alınmasıdır. Bu noktada, yataklar çoğunlukla iç mekanda yer alan bir mobilya olarak kullanıldıkları için çalışmanın kapsamı konut iç mekan yatakları olarak daraltılmıştır. Bu doğrultuda, çalışmanın yöntemi olarak nitel yöntemlerden tarihsel inceleme yöntemi kullanılmış, yatağın konut iç mekanı ve kullanım etmenleri doğrultusunda kullanıcısı ile kurduğu ilişkiler tarihsel perspektifte ele alınarak incelenmiştir. İnceleme neticesinde tespit edilen ilişkiler kavramsallaştırılmış ve bir kavram haritası oluşturulmuştur. Oluşturulan tüm kavramlar satirik bir çizer olan Thomas Rowlandson’ın karikatürlerindeki yatak temsilleri üzerinden değerlendirilmiştir. Değerlendirme, tarihsel bir akışa göre gerçekleştirilmiş; karikatür temsillerindeki yatak bulunduğu yer, temel tasarım prensibi ve mekan kullanıcısı arakesitinde değerlendirilmiştir. Yatağın bir uyku aracı olmasının ötesinde barındırdığı mekansal karşılıklar ve konut iç mekanına yansımaları dönemsel bir anlatıcı olan ve tarihsel belge niteliği taşıyan karikatürler üzerinden ortaya çıkarılmıştır. Sunulan çalışma ile yatağın gelecek kullanımları ve tasarım yaklaşımları bakımından da bir bakış açısı oluşturması ve konut iç mekanlarındaki kullanımına ilişkin bir farkındalık yaratılması hedeflenmiştir.
HOLLYWOOD’DA DEĞİŞEN KAHRAMAN OLGUSUNUN “SON MUHTEŞEM KAHRAMAN” (1993) VE “GERÇEK KAHRAMAN” (2021) FİLMLERİ BAĞLAMINDA İNCELENMESİ
Authors: ORMANLI Okan
Published: March 2023

En genç sanat dallarından biri olan sinema sanatı, edebiyat ve tiyatro gibi hedef kitlesine çeşitli hayali veya gerçek hikayeleri anlatmaktadır. Sanatsal tarafı kadar ticari yanı da ağır basan sinema, dünya çapında milyonlarca kişiye ulaşmayı başarabilmiştir. Ticari sinemanın önde gelen aktörlerinden Hollywood da yaklaşık yüz yıldır belli başlı hikayeleri zamanla oluşmuş kalıp ve formüllerle, tür formatında seyircisine aktarmaktadır. Bu aşamada mitolojiden, edebiyattan, psikolojiden ve çeşitli yazar ve kuramcıların görüşlerinden de faydalanılmışır. Dünyada olduğu gibi ABD’de de bir kahraman kültürü ve bu durum Hollywood filmlerinde kendisini göstermektedir. ABD süper güç olmasının da etkisiyle ürettiği bazı filmlerde, dünyayı ya da ülkesini kurtaran süper ya da güçlü ve yenilmez kahramanlara yer vermektedir. Ancak bazı ekonomik siyasi ve teknolojik gelişmeler, ABD’nin konumunu sarsmış, bu da sinemaya yansımıştır. Bu bağlamda, 1990’lardan Son Muhteşem Kahraman ve 2020’lerden Gerçek Kahraman adlı filmler Hollywood’daki kahraman olgusunun değişimi bağlamında ele alınarak film çözümlemesi yöntemiyle irdelenmiş ve ortaya çıkan bulgular ayrıntılı olarak tartışılmıştır.
Phytochemical Screening and Antibacterial Activity of the Selected Species of Mangroves
Authors: Baldevia Jr. Jose Haydee , Acanto Ricky , Conlu Marjohn Thomas , Langcoy Mary Grace , Lirazan Susan , Mario Julie Ann
Published: March 2023

As a productive ecosystem component, mangroves provide critical services to humankind. Mangroves may be a source of antibacterial compounds that could be used as a natural treatment for managing bacterial infections. This study determined the phytochemical constituents of leaf extracts of three selected mangrove species Avicennia marina (Bungalon), Rhizophora apiculata (Bakhaw), and Sonneratia alba (Pagatpat), using the Test-tube Method and antibacterial sensitivity using an Agar Well-Diffusion Method found in the coastal areas of Talisay City, Negros Occidental, Philippines. The results showed that the three species of mangroves leaf methanolic extracts exhibit susceptibility to antibacterial properties against S. aureus; it was observed that S. alba has the highest inhibitory effect on S. aureus among the three selected mangrove species. There was a significant difference between the positive control (Linezolid 30 mcg) and the methanolic crude extract of R. apiculata (MD = 27.97, p < 0.01), A. marina (MD = 24.37, p < 0.01), and S. alba (MD = 23.09, p < 0.01). On the contrary, A. marina and S. alba did not differ significantly with p= 0.172; this means that the antibacterial activity of methanolic crude extracts of A. marina and S. alba are comparable but significantly differ with the positive control (Linezolid 30 mcg). The qualitative phytochemical analyses of the three species of mangroves' leaf methanolic extracts showed flavonoids, phenols, saponins, and tannins. Terpenoids were present only on R. apiculata.
Competitiveness of Micro, Small and Medium Entrepreneurs during Economic Disruption
Authors: Nasser Alexandria Therese
Published: March 2023

Micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs) are vital for the progress and growth of most countries’ economies. Globally, there is wide recognition of MSMEs' crucial role as drivers of economic growth and a key source of supplies and support services for major businesses. Hence, a thriving and expanding MSME sector indicates a healthy economy. Compared to larger businesses, they have particular difficulties surviving and expanding amid crises and calamities. Many MSMEs are typically unprepared when unexpected economic disruptions such as disasters and pandemics occur, which prevents them from operating normally. The study used a mixed-methods research design to determine the Competitiveness of Micro, Small, and Medium-sized Enterprises during Economic Disruption. Analyzed data revealed that challenges and opportunities encountered by the MSMEs had an adjectival interpretation of Almost Always or Frequently, indicating that MSMEs experienced both negative and positive, particularly in their businesses. There were lessons learned and best practices experienced by the MSMEs. To overcome these challenges, MSMEs must possess contingency, adaptation, and resilience. Thus, MSMEs should use advantages to be inventive by consistently providing clients with novel and value-adding services to improve their financial performance even during economic disruption.
Assessment of the Philippine National Police (PNP) Human Rights Development Program (HRDP) in Protecting the Community from Abuse in Tabaco City, Albay, Philippines
Authors: Macabeo Manny
Published: March 2023

Enforcing the law serves as the key function of the police officer to maintain peace and order, thus, ensuring strict conformance with human rights. This study was conducted to assess the implementation of the PNP Human Rights Development Program in Tabaco City, Albay, Philippines, along with Institutional policy development, capability building on human rights protection, prevention and control measures on abuse of human rights, and strengthening of partnership and cooperation with multi-sectoral organizations for human rights compliance. It also identified the problems encountered and formulated an action plan that aims to further enhance the implementation of the program. The personnel assigned at the PNP Human Rights Development Program in Tabaco City selected Community Officials, and members of the community were the respondents of the study. Hence, the study revealed that the community and other partner stakeholders have understood and accepted the principles of the programs implemented. Therefore, the primary objectives of the PNP in gaining the trust and confidence of the community were achieved. The study recommends the sustainability of the program through inculcating greater social responsibility, intervening appropriately, and acquiring useful and timely information for implementation of anti-human rights abuse programs which shall be continuously participated by the community with enhanced multi-sectoral collaboration to achieve a safer community free from abuse.
Comprehensive Approach to Solve “Distance Cheating” In Secondary Schools in Daraga, Albay: An Exploratory Study
Authors: Areola Imelda , Bonganay Arnel , Buenaobra Gerand , Armario Christine , Cancisio Ma. Zenia , Dollison Fatima , Espineli Leizel
Published: March 2023

This is an exploratory study on the issue of "distance cheating" to propose a comprehensive approach to solving it. A survey conducted among high school students shows more than 64% ask help from parents to work on the modules, more than 56% ask others to work on the performance tasks, and more than 86% share answers with their classmates. The foundations of education were considered to analyze the results in a comprehensive way. Considering the psychology of digital natives, this may mean changing the grading system, teaching strategies, and forms of assessment. The usual tests that stress memorization may no longer be the best way to evaluate learners since information is available on the internet. It is important to integrate lessons and encourage authentic interdisciplinary assessments to respond to actual issues and challenges they experience in their family, community, society, and the world. To minimize or disable the possibility of cheating, students may be given a choice to do it individually or in a group, propose the best way to express what they have learned in a lesson, with the endorsement of parents/guardians and the approval of the teacher. The rubric for performance tasks may be used for self-evaluation, peer evaluation, parent/guardian evaluation, and teacher evaluation.
Effect of Different Types of Chemicals, Cooking Time and Chemical Concentration on the Quality of Sludge and Pulp Appearance
Authors: Chukwudebelu Jane Adamma , Agunwamba Jonah
Published: March 2023

Pulp and paper production process releases different types of wastes into the environment and pulp mill sludge is one of the major wastes from pulp and paper mill. The environmental awareness has led to more attention being given to the process of paper production and the raw materials and chemical usage. In this study, we analyzed the effect of chemical, concentration and cooking time on the characteristics of sludge and physical appearance of pulp obtained from pulping kenaf stem. The stem was pulped with 20%, 60% and 90% concentrations of formic acid and sodium hydroxide at 1 hour, 2 hours and 3 hours intervals to determine the parameters of their sludge as well as pulp appearance. The parameters considered include carbon, nitrogen, turbidity, phosphorus, ash and moisture. Sludge from sodium hydroxide pulping showed lowest value (0.02) of carbon with 60% concentration and highest (4.30) with 90% after 1hr cooking. Formic acid sludge that reported zero carbon with 20% concentration gave lowest value (1.77) at 60% after 1hr and highest value (8.73) after 3hrs with 90% concentration. Both formic acid and sodium hydroxide sludge recorded highest values (0.29 & 39.77) of nitrogen at 60% concentrations. The sludges of the two chemicals were most turbid at 90% and less at 60% concentrations with highest phosphorus values at the same concentrations. Both sludges reported lowest moisture contents at 60%. Sodium hydroxide showed highest ash at 20% after 1hr cooking while the highest value for formic acid was recorded at 90% after 3hrs cooking. The 60% formic acid at 2 hours gave a better pulp on physical examination and the sludge from the same process can also be reused.
A Bacteriological of Make-up Tools Used in Calabar Metropolis, Cross River State, Nigeria
Authors: Mbah M. , Akpan S. S. , Bebia G. P. , Tangban E. E. , Bassey E. E.
Published: March 2023

Sharing of make-up tools by multiple users is a possible means of transfer of fungal infections, such as dermatophytoses. With abrasion on the skin, it is possible for HIV, Hepatitis B virus, Spirochaetes and other pathogens to be carried via contaminated make-up tools, from one person to another. Using sterilized swab sticks, surfaces of make-up tools (sponge and brush) were cleansed. Materials deposited on the swab sticks were cultured aerobically on Chocolate and Cysteine Lactose Electrolyte Deficient Agar plates overnight at 37oC. After overnight aerobic incubation, the culture plates were read macroscopically for growth. Bacterial isolates were subjected to microscopic examination using Gram’s staining technique and biochemical tests (e.g. coagulase, catalase, oxidase, and motility). Results showed that the predominant bacterial growths obtained from the make-up tools were Staphylococcus aureus (51.5%), Coagulase-negative Staphylococcus (25.8%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (6.2%), and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (16.5%). The different genera of bacteria were harvested from make-up brushes (66.2%) and make-up sponges (85.7%). There was no bacterial growth from 33.8% and 14.3% of make-up brushes and make-up sponges respectively. There was no statistical difference in terms of bacterial growth between the two tools (brush and sponge) sampled (P>0.05). This study has shown that there is a moderate possibility for the transfer of bacterial organisms (both skin flora and pathogens) from one person to another, through make-up tools, in our local communities. It is hereby recommended that health education talks should be carried out regularly among beauticians to encourage them to use disposable make-up tools with disinfectants.
Heavy Metal Contaminants in Popularly-consumed Vegetables of Freetown, Sierra Leone
Authors: Adepoju Adeyinka Olufemi , Jalloh Alhassan , Femi-Adepoju Abiola Grace
Published: March 2023

The contamination of the environment with heavy metals is one of the challenges that make up Sierra Leone's environmental problem, with urbanization being one of the main causes; due to the lack of proper waste dumpsites and landfills for infrastructural development, rivers, and streams are polluted. The loss of biodiversity, but river and stream pollution have a significant impact on aquatic life. Animals and plants in contaminated water sources "may perish or reproduce improperly". This study assessed the level of concentration of heavy metals namely; chromium (Cr), iron (Fe), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), and lead (Pb) in some commonly-consumed vegetables like Manihot esculenta (Cassava) leaves, Ipomoea batatas (Potato) leaves, Amaranthus viridis (African spinach), Corchorus olitorius (Krain krain); Solanum lycopersicum (Tomatoes); Cucumis sativus (Cucumber); Brassica oleracea (Cabbage); Abelmoschus esculentus fruits (Okra); Capsicum annuum (Bell Pepper); and Lactuca sativa (Lettuce) which were all purchased at local market places in Freetown. The vegetable samples were analyzed using an X-ray fluorescence machine (XRF) to determine their heavy metal concentration. The goal was to determine the food safety status of the vegetables by comparing the results to the maximum permissible limit (MPL) for vegetables, as set by WHO/FAO. The levels of Zn, Cr, Fe, Cu, and Pb in all vegetable samples varied from 4.70 – 5.69 %; 3.46 – 4.58 %; 4.00 – 4.52 %; 2.87 – 3.42 %; and 0.5 – 1.2 %, respectively. This result indicates that the metals were present at unsafe levels. According to the result, the maximum concentration values are much higher than the MPL value suggested by WHO/FAO for vegetables, implying that eating vegetables from the source market sites in this study may pose a health risk to humans. Heavy metals in vegetables should be monitored on a regular basis to prevent excessive accumulation of these heavy metals in the human food chain. When it comes to vegetable marketing, certain precautions should be implemented.
Estimated Risk of Adverse Surgical Outcomes Among Patients With Recent COVID-19 Infection Using Target Trial Emulation Methods
Authors: O’Brien William J. , Gupta Kalpana , Itani Kamal M. F.
Published: March 2023

This cohort study emulates a trial within a large national veteran population to assess the risk of adverse postoperative outcomes among patients with recent COVID-19 infection.
Evaluation of Use of Epinephrine and Time to First Dose and Outcomes in Pediatric Patients With Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest
Authors: Amoako Jeffrey , Komukai Sho , Izawa Junichi , Callaway Clifton W. , Okubo Masashi
Published: March 2023

Importance

While epinephrine has been widely used in prehospital resuscitation for pediatric patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA), the benefit and optimal timing of epinephrine administration have not been fully investigated.

Objectives

To evaluate the association between epinephrine administration and patient outcomes and to ascertain whether the timing of epinephrine administration was associated with patient outcomes after pediatric OHCA.

Design, Setting, and Participants

This cohort study included pediatric patients (<18 years) with OHCA treated by emergency medical services (EMS) from April 2011 to June 2015. Eligible patients were identified from the Resuscitation Outcomes Consortium Epidemiologic Registry, a prospective OHCA registry at 10 sites in the US and Canada. Data analysis was performed from May 2021 to January 2023.

Exposures

The main exposures were prehospital intravenous or intraosseous epinephrine administration and the interval between arrival of an advanced life support (ALS)–capable EMS clinician (ALS arrival) and the first administration of epinephrine.

Main Outcomes and Measures

The primary outcome was survival to hospital discharge. Patients who received epinephrine at any given minute after ALS arrival were matched with patients who were at risk of receiving epinephrine within the same minute using time-dependent propensity scores calculated from patient demographics, arrest characteristics, and EMS interventions.

Results

Of 1032 eligible individuals (median [IQR] age, 1 [0-10] years), 625 (60.6%) were male. 765 patients (74.1%) received epinephrine and 267 (25.9%) did not. The median (IQR) time interval between ALS arrival and epinephrine administration was 9 (6.2-12.1) minutes. In the propensity score–matched cohort (1432 patients), survival to hospital discharge was higher in the epinephrine group compared with the at-risk group (epinephrine: 45 of 716 [6.3%] vs at-risk: 29 of 716 [4.1%]; risk ratio, 2.09; 95% CI, 1.29-3.40). The timing of epinephrine administration was also not associated with survival to hospital discharge after ALS arrival (P for the interaction between epinephrine administration and time to matching = .34).

Conclusions and Relevance

In this study of pediatric patients with OHCA in the US and Canada, epinephrine administration was associated with survival to hospital discharge, while timing of the administration was not associated with survival.
Amine Coordinated Electron‐Rich Palladium Nanoparticles for Electrochemical Hydrogenation of Benzaldehyde
Authors: Yang Qin , Ge Bingqing , Yuan Pei , Luo Shuting , Zhang Hongwei , Zhao Zhengyu , Zhang Jiujun , Wang Shidong , Bao Xiaojun , Yao Xiangdong
Published: March 2023

Electrocatalytic hydrogenation (ECH) is a burgeoning strategy for the sustainable utilization of hydrogen. However, how to effectively suppress the competitive hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) is a big challenge to ECH catalysis. In this study, amine (NH2R)‐coordinated Pd nanoparticles loaded on carbon felt (Pd@CF) as a catalyst is successfully synthesized by a one‐step solvothermal reduction method using oleylamine as the reducing agent. An exceptional ECH reactivity on benzaldehyde is achieved on the optimal Pd@CF catalyst in terms of a high conversion (89.7%) and selectivity toward benzyl alcohol (89.8%) at −0.4 V in 60 min. Notably, the Faradaic efficiency for producing benzyl alcohol is up to 90.2%, much higher than that catalyzed by Pd@CF‐without N‐group (41.1%) and thecommercial Pd/C (20.9%). The excellent ECH performance of Pd@CF can be attributed to the enriched electrons on Pd surface resulted from the introduction of NH2R groups, which strengthens both the adsorption of benzaldehyde and the adsorbed hydrogen (Hads) on Pd, preventing the combination of Hads to form H2, that is, inhibiting the HER. This study gives a new insight into design principles of highly efficient electrocatalysts for the hydrogenation of unsaturated aldehydes molecules.
Electronic Neurons for a New Learning Paradigm
Authors: Wang Zhen , Wang Jiajia , Shi Xiang , Zhu Zhengfeng , Chen Peining , Peng Huisheng
Published: March 2023

Learning is the cornerstone of the growth and development of human beings. However, traditional learning methods are insufficient to meet the explosive growth of knowledge and information. Repeated training accounts for a large proportion of learning time, which significantly limits the improvement of learning efficiency. Inspired by cloud storage technology, electronic neurons (E‐neuron) with functions similar to neurons in the brain are proposed. Implanted E‐neurons can form new patterns of neural activity in circuits, including both E‐neurons and biological neurons, which can transfer knowledge from electronic cloud devices to human beings without training. Herein, the feasibility of this concept is preliminarily demonstrated. Fiber neural electrodes (FNEs) made of poly(3,4‐ethylene dioxythiophene) (PEDOT) modified carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are used to form both dendrites and axons of E‐neuron. After the implantation of an E‐neuron in a mouse's brain, an electrical neural connection is created between the mitral cell and dorsolateral periaqueductal gray (dlPAG). A piece of knowledge similar to “The red light stops; the green light is all right.” is then passed on to the mouse.
Cell‐Based Biomaterials for Coronavirus Disease 2019 Prevention and Therapy
Authors: Li Chuyu , Wang Chenguang , Xie Hai‐Yan , Huang Lili
Published: March 2023

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) continues to threaten human health, economic development, and national security. Although many vaccines and drugs have been explored to fight against the major pandemic, their efficacy and safety still need to be improved. Cell‐based biomaterials, especially living cells, extracellular vesicles, and cell membranes, offer great potential in preventing and treating COVID‐19 owing to their versatility and unique biological functions. In this review, the characteristics and functions of cell‐based biomaterials and their biological applications in COVID‐19 prevention and therapy are described. First the pathological features of COVID‐19 are summarized, providing enlightenment on how to fight against COVID‐19. Next, the classification, organization structure, characteristics, and functions of cell‐based biomaterials are focused on. Finally, the progress of cell‐based biomaterials in overcoming COVID‐19 in different aspects, including the prevention of viral infection, inhibition of viral proliferation, anti‐inflammation, tissue repair, and alleviation of lymphopenia are comprehensively described. At the end of this review, a look forward to the challenges of this aspect is presented.
Ultrathin Al2O3 Protective Layer to Stabilize the Electrochromic Switching Performance of Amorphous WOx Thin Films
Authors: Gies Mario , Benz Sebastian L. , Pradja Mark M. , Schlettwein Derck , Chatterjee Sangam , Becker Martin , Polity Angelika
Published: March 2023

Electrochromic materials play a key role in smart windows, displays or anti‐glare rear‐view mirrors. Tungsten oxide is an intensely studied representative due to its extraordinary coloring performance. For commercial use, however, further optimization of the general cycle stability as well as the protection against external factors, such as moisture, is a still ongoing focus of research. In this study, the stabilization of the electrochromic switching performance of tungsten oxide is investigated using an ultrathin optimized Al2O3 protective coating, grown by atomic layer deposition. Amorphous tungsten oxide (a‐WOx) thin films are prepared by reactive radio‐frequency sputtering. The composition as well as electronic structure of the pure a‐WOx films is studied by X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The electrochromic properties of the multilayer system are investigated in a nonaqueous electrolyte as well as in an electrolyte containing 10 vol% water. On the basis of these results, the stabilizing effect on the electrochromic switching characteristics of a‐WOx by the use of the additional thin Al2O3 protective layer is evident. It is shown that degradation and ageing of a‐WOx due to moisture can be prevented and coloration efficiencies of 50.4 cm2 C−1 can be achieved at 630 nm.