bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Internet Development Empowering Innovation Activities to Achieve Efficient and Balanced Development
Authors: Gao Jiacheng
Published: January 2025

Based on China's provincial panel data from 2011 to 2021, this study examines the relationship between Internet development and regional innovation efficiency. The results show that Internet development can effectively improve innovation efficiency in China, and the promoting effect in the central region & western region is obviously stronger than that in the eastern region. Internet development can accelerate the convergence of the nationwide innovation efficiency gap in China, but it will hinder the convergence of innovation efficiency in the central region & western region and expand the innovation efficiency gap among its provinces. The coupling coordination degree between Internet development and innovation efficiency in China shows a steady upward trend, but there are obvious regional differences. During this period, the average coupling level in the eastern region has reached 7, which is in the primary coordination stage, while that in the central region & western region is only 5, which is on the verge of imbalance.
Schwann cell reprogramming and Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: analysis of transcriptome data
Authors: Lima Roberta Karolline de Souza , Rolim Giovanna Barros , Soares Érika de Fátima Machado , Lustosa Neto Miguel Ferreira , Omena Neta Genilda Castro de , Rocha Rodger Marcel Lima , Oliveira Tatiana Farias de , Fraga Carlos Alberto de Carvalho
Published: January 2025

Perineural invasion (PNI) occurs when cancer cells infiltrate nerves or the adjacent nervous tissue. The significance of PNI in Esophageal cancer remains controversial. Therefore, identifying new prognostic factors for Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is important for optimizing treatment and improving outcomes. We investigated transcriptomic datasets and differentially expressed genes (DEGs) through meta-analysis and bioinformatics analysis. The set of core DEGs was subjected to functional and pathway enrichment analyses and integrated with genome-scale human biomolecular networks. We also analyzed how each gene was correlated with patient survival. Our findings indicate that the "cGMP-PKG signaling pathway" and "Cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction" pathways were deregulated in ESCC. These pathways play a role in the regeneration of Schwann cells and the progression of ESCC. Also, different expressions of NCAM1 and s100 genes suggest that Schwann cells are involved in this type of cancer’s PNI. Our results suggest that the tumor can induce the dedifferentiation of Schwann cells, which promotes detachment of cancer cells from the tumor, guiding them to the perineural tissue. This study’s results encourage further studies for clinical and experimental validation of the data found.
The impact of Mig1 and Orf19.173 genes on Candida albicans cell wall biosynthesis in different growth conditions
Authors: Samaka Hayder Mahmood Ali
Published: January 2025

Transcription factors are proteins encoded in an organism's genome that regulate gene expression and control various biological activities. In fungi, many of these transcription factors are proteins with unidentified functions until now, particularly those that regulate genes associated with Candida albicans cell wall biosynthesis. This process is vital for fungal bioactivity and sensitivity to some antifungal agents. This study investigates Mig1 and Orf19.173 transcription factors in response to caspofungin in different environmental conditions as an initial step toward understanding their roles in cell wall biogenesis and drug resistance. A set of C. albicans mutant strains were exposed to caspofungin in Yeast Extract-Peptone-Dextrose (YPD) medium at 25°C and in RPMI 1640 medium (supplemented with 10% serum) at 37°C to simulate host conditions. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) was used to analyze structural changes in the cell wall of Candida albicans isolates. The study found that mutant strains (mig1Δ/Δ) and (orf19.173Δ/Δ) were susceptible to Caspofungin in RPMI 1640 medium at 37°C but not on YPD medium at 25°C. Additionally, TEM images revealed that the cell wall of these mutant strains exhibited a noticeable thickness and numerous protrusions when exposed to caspofungin. Based on these findings, it was concluded that the transcription factors Mig1 and Orf19.173 promote cell wall biosynthesis in C. albicans when exposed to caspofungin in the host-like environment.
Harnessing of whey and CO2 for the production of Arthrospira (Spirulina) platensis microalgae biomass: a circular economy approach
Authors: Cantú Denis , Villegas-Rodríguez Sharon , Gines-Palestino Ruby Sheila , Reyes Jair , Cruz-Mérida Jorge , Salinas Daniel Montalvo
Published: January 2025

The production of microalgae biomass has a high cost due to the composition of the culture medium; therefore, the cultivation of Arthrospira (Spirulina) platensis using carbon dioxide (CO2) and whey could be considered an effective method of obtaining microalgae biomass while reducing greenhouse gas emissions and a sustainable solution for the treatment of dairy industry wastewater. As a result, the microalgae biomass produced has the potential to become a valuable source of energy (biodiesel), food (for humans or animals), and other compounds such as vitamins and pigments. According to circular economy and development practices, this paper aimed to investigate the growth of Arthrospira platensis biomass using CO2 and whey as a substitute for culture medium. The effects of different whey dilution and culture conditions on biomass productivity, nutrients, and chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal were examined in batch experiments. The results show that the highest biomass production (3.31 g·L-1) was achieved in 19-day experiments using a modified Schlösser culture medium with 500 mL CO2 as a carbon source. In the cultures with whey, removal of organic load percentages of 89.16%, 98.88%, and 97.76% was reached on the tenth day in the cultures with 1, 5, and 9 g COD·L-1, respectively. The highest lipid content of 7.07 g lipids 100 g-1 biomass was reached using 500 mL of CO2 as a carbon source, demonstrating that subjecting the culture to a nutrient deficit causes an accumulation of lipids as long as there is light and CO2 available.
Diamondback moth Plutella xylostella L. (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae) and its natural enemies: Population fluctuations and influence of biotic and abiotic factors
Authors: Massarolli Angélica , Butnariu Alessandra Regina , Pereira Mônica Josene Barbosa , Dallacort Rivanildo , Costa Valmir Antonio , Shimbori Eduardo Mitio , Moura Mauricio Osvaldo , Foerster Luís Amilton
Published: January 2025

The annual worldwide costs associated with the diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella L. (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae), are estimated to be between four and five billion dollars in yield losses and management costs. Studies aimed at better understanding this pest and its natural enemies are essential for the development of new control strategies to increase production and meet world demand for healthy foods produced in ways that protect the environment for future generations. The present study was aimed at (i) describing population fluctuations of P. xylostella in collard greens, (ii) identifying its larval parasitoids, and (iii) evaluating biotic and abiotic factors that affect the population dynamics of this pest and its parasitoids in commercially grown collard greens in the municipality of Tangará da Serra, Mato Grosso State, Brazil. Fluctuations in the population of P. xylostella were assessed from March 2016 to February 2017. During 12 months of sampling, 4,310 larvae and pupae were collected, of which 640 (15%) were parasitized by native natural enemies. Three species of larval parasitoids were observed: Oomyzus sokolowskii (Kurdjumov) (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae), Apanteles piceotrichosus Blanchard and Cotesia sp. (Hymenoptera: Braconidae). Precipitation and release of the egg parasitoid Trichogramma pretiosum Riley (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) were the factors that most influenced the population fluctuations of P. xylostella. Also, native parasitoids were affected by the use of non-selective insecticides. Our findings are a contribution to the understanding of interactions between this pest and its environment to improve control strategies and preserve biodiversity.
Population structure and weight-length relationship of Hyphessobrycon bifasciatus Ellis 1911 in a dammed stream
Authors: Santos Thiago Mündel Ribeiro , Miranda Julia Fernanda de Camargo Teles , Lima Talita Rolim de Freitas , Conceição de Paiva Flavia , Alves Natalia Silva , Smith Welber Senteio
Published: January 2025

The species Hyphessobrycon bifasciatus, also known as the 'lemon tetra', is a small characin fish distributed in coastal rivers from the southern state of Bahia to the state of Rio Grande do Sul, and also in the upper Paraná river basin, found in small rivers and lagoons. Its diet varies between small invertebrates and plant debris. They are oviparous animals that lay their eggs on the bottom or in groups of plants, which hatch approximately two days after fertilization. In light of this, the present study aimed to describe the population structure of H. bifasciatus in terms of feeding and length-weight relationship in a dammed neotropical stream located in the municipality of São Roque, SP, Brazil. Specimens of H. bifasciatus were captured in two collection campaigns (November 2021 and July 2022). The fish were collected using a three-meter-long trawl net, with a 1 cm mesh and a sampling effort of 30 minutes at each point. Subsequently, they were transported to the laboratory, where their length and standard weight were recorded, along with their stomach contents. A total of 101 specimens were analyzed, 41 females and 60 males. The species had an average body length of 2.5 ± 0.46 cm and an average total weight of 0.33 ± 0.19 g for females, and 2.8 ± 0.60 cm and 0.45 ± 0.27 g for males. We obtained a length-weight relationship of y = 0.4317x - 0.7574, R² = 0.9393 for males, and y = 0.3413x - 0.5237, R² = 0.8704 for females. The size range varies from the 1.6-2.0 centimeter class to the 3.6-4.0 centimeter class. The main food items were plant material and filamentous algae, abundant in both sexes. Finally, it is concluded that this species forms large schools near macrophytes, exhibits peaceful behavior, and feeds mainly on plant items.
Nano-chitosan mitigates lead acetate-induced histological changes in rat testicular seminiferous tubules
Authors: Ramadhan Muhammad Daffa Dyarizky , Marianti Aditya , Anindita Rahma
Published: January 2025

Lead is a toxic metal known to be harmful once within the body. Chronic lead accumulation causes the emergence of free radicals, thereby causing damage to organ systems, one of which is the reproductive system. Chitosan can chelate lead metal ions which behave as free radicals. In nanostructures, chitosan's ability to chelate heavy metal ions is expected to be more effective. The use of nano-chitosan is expected to facilitate its distribution so that its ability to chelate lead ions is more effective. This study aims to analyze the effect of nano-chitosan on the histology of seminiferous tubules and spermatogenesis of rats induced by lead acetate (PbAc). Animals are divided into 3 groups; Naive Group (NG: aquadest), Positive Control (PC: PbAc 200 mg kg-1 BW), Treatment Group (TG: PbAc 200 mg kg-1 BW and nano-chitosan 64 mg kg-1 BW) with a treatment duration of 35 days, and 6 rats in each group. Rats were exposed to lead by oral administration. At the end of the treatment period, animals were euthanized by dislocation of the cervical spine after being lightly anesthetized using 10% chloroform. Then, testicular organs were dissected, and histological preparations of the seminiferous tubules were analyzed. Measurements include epithelial thickness, tubule diameter and spermatogenesis scoring based on the Johnson criteria. The results obtained proved that administration of nano-chitosan after PbAc induction increased epithelial thickness, seminiferous tubule diameter and spermatogenesis score. In conclusion, nano-chitosan can overcome lead toxicity in the rat reproductive system induced by PbAc with indicators of improvement in the histology structure of seminiferous tubules and increased spermatogenesis scores.
Identification of bioactive constituents in indigenously grown Calotropis gigantea and Moringa oleifera fractions by HPLC
Authors: Jamal Adil , Arif Amina , Shahid Muhammad Naveed
Published: January 2025

Plants are the most ubiquitous sources of bioactive organic compounds on earth. Active metabolites such as phytochemicals from medicinal plants have been investigated for the development of cutting-edge and biodegradable potent drugs as an alternative to ineffective modern treatment. The medicinal plants Calotropis gigantea and Moringa oleifera contain biochemical constituents that may have therapeutic qualities. The bioactive components in C. gigantea and M. oleifera leaves were analyzed using HPLC. HPLC analysis of several leaf fractions unveils the presence of quercetin, gallic acid, coumaric acid, caffeic acid, chlorogenic acid, ferulic acid, cinnamic acid, sinapinic acid, and vanillic acid in both plants. Furthermore, phytochemical study of these plants revealed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, tannins, terpenoids, and glycosides in different solvents. The identified chemicals have reported antioxidant and antitumor properties. The current study's findings suggest that C. gigantea and M. oleifera could be used as a source for a credible antioxidant agent that might later be isolated and used as lead candidates for the fabrication of antioxidant drugs that help stop or limit free radical damage and counteract oxidative stress, thereby preventing a variety of chronic and degenerative diseases.
Industrial and biotechnological applications of red algae: a systematic mapping
Authors: Fernandes Beatriz Cerqueira Morais , Almeida Caline Suele Rodrigues de , Suzano Isabela Ribeiro , Rego Sabrinna Silva , Alcântara Raylane Silva de , Sena Neto Elias Nunes de , Ribeiro Isabelly Dálete Ferreira
Published: January 2025

The study aimed to systematically and informatively map the different applications of red algae, as well as to discuss the challenges and opportunities for advancement in this field. Specific knowledge gaps and promising areas were also identified to guide future research and practical applications. Data were collected through four renowned scientific databases: Web of Science, SciELO, ScienceDirect, PubMed, and Scopus. Using specific descriptors, all publications were managed through Zotero, a widely used bibliography manager in the academic community. Rigorous exclusion and inclusion criteria were applied to select specific studies relevant to the object of study. The study initially analyzed over 47,000 studies on red algae and their applications in biotechnological industry, but only 23 were considered relevant after careful screening. The diversity of red algae species explored in the studies reflects their potential in several research areas such as health, agriculture, and the environment. Gracilaria sp. emerged as a prominent species, especially in agar production. Bibliometric analysis revealed a predominance of high-quality studies in high-impact journals, mainly related to the antioxidant activity of algae. However, significant gaps were identified in areas such as cosmetics, genetics, and energy production, suggesting opportunities for future research and development. Based on the conducted study, it is evident that red algae offer a diversified range of biotechnological and industrial applications, with opportunities for exploration in environmental, health, and agricultural sectors. Although some fields are not yet widely disseminated, the collected data provide guidance to direct future research and practical applications, promoting significant advances in the field of biotechnology.
Adrenalectomy improves MSG-induced obesity in rats by increasing UCP-1 levels in interscapular brown adipose tissue
Authors: Rodrigues Willian Nascimento de Souza , Malta Ananda , Lucredi Naiara Cristina , Lisboa Patrícia Cristina , Miranda Rosiane Aparecida , Vargas Rodrigo , Zara Camila Benan , Peres Maria Natália Chimirri , Teixeira Junior Nilton Rodrigues , Comar Jurandir Fernando , Mathias Paulo Cezar de Freitas , Torrezan Rosana
Published: January 2025

The administration of monosodium glutamate (MSG) to neonates has been shown to result in hypothalamic damage and development of metabolic syndrome. The objective of this study was to investigate whether bilateral adrenalectomy (ADX) could alter sympathetic activity in adult MSG rats, with the potential to contribute to the improvement of metabolic syndrome by interfering with intermediary metabolism. Following a period of 99 days, the rats that received the control treatment and MSG were subjected to bilateral adrenalectomy (ADX). The following experimental groups were established, and designated as follows: CTL-SHAM, CTL-ADX, MSG-SHAM, and MSG-ADX. The subjects were 109 and 110 days-old at the time of the experiment. The assessment included murinometric and biochemical parameters, an intravenous glucose tolerance test (IVGTT), sympathetic nerve activity in interscapular brown adipose tissue (iBAT), and protein content of β3-adrenergic receptor (β3-ADR) and uncoupling protein 1 (UCP-1). The MSG rats presented metabolic syndrome, which was associated with lower sympathetic activity and a decreased content of the β3-adrenergic receptor when compared to the controls in iBAT. We can conclude that the lower β3-adrenergic receptor contributed to the maintenance of obesity in the MSG rats model. Although it has an adverse effect on the glucose tolerance of CTL-ADX animals, the typical features of metabolic syndrome in adult MSG rats were mitigated by ADX. These effects included an enhancement of UCP-1 in iBAT, a reduction in fat accumulation, and an improvement in glycemia, thereby contributing to an improvement in metabolic syndrome.
Erythrocyte changes and ecotoxicological evaluation in freshwater of the Pintado stream in the municipality of Ji-Paraná, Brazil: Anurans of the genus Leptodactylus (Leptodactilidae) as a bioindicator organism
Authors: Santos Jacqueline Lopes dos , Sousa Patrícia Pastana de , Romão Natália Faria , Paula Matheus Venancio de , Adriano Ana Carolina Anchieta , Schons Sandro de Vargas , Dantas Filho Jerônimo Vieira , Silva Francisco Carlos da
Published: January 2025

The main aimed of this study was to conduct out an ecotoxicological assessment through the Micronucleus (Mn) test and other associated anomalies in peripheral erythrocyte cells, using the amphibian of the genus Leptodactylus as a bioindicator organism, in addition to analyzing the physicochemical parameters in freshwater of the Pintado stream located in urban perimeter of Ji-Paraná municipality, Rondônia State, Brazil. Sample collections were conducted out at three different points along the stream. The results obtained showed that the animals at points 2 and 3 had a higher frequency of Mn compared to point 1, indicating that there is exposure of the organisms to genotoxic and mutagenic agents has been undergoing changes at the cellular level. The physicochemical results in the water, according to CONAMA Resolution No. 357/2005, that the parameters iron, ammonia nitrogen, dissolved oxygen and electrical conductivity showed high values at monitored points 2 and 3.
Confirmatory identification and antibiotics resistance profiling of Pseudomonas aeruginosa: a laboratory-based study
Authors: Abdulsalam Hafsa Abdulhamid
Published: January 2025

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a significant opportunistic pathogen frequently found in hospital environments and sewage systems, posing a challenge due to its intrinsic resistance to multiple antibiotics. Five isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa were collected from the Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital, Shika Zaria and subjected to Gram staining and biochemical tests for initial identification. Four isolates were confirmed to be Pseudomonas aeruginosa based on these tests. Antibiotic susceptibility testing was performed to assess their resistance profiles, focusing on Imipenem and Ofloxacin. All four confirmed Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates demonstrated resistance to Imipenem, a carbapenem antibiotic commonly used in clinical settings. Conversely, these isolates showed sensitivity to Ofloxacin, an alternative antibiotic with implications for treatment strategies against Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections. The observed resistance to Imipenem underscores ongoing challenges in treating Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections, emphasizing the need for alternative therapeutic options such as phage therapy.
Total Factor Productivity Losses Resulting from Capital and Labour Misallocation in Sri Lanka
Authors: Kumari Ranpati Dewage Thilini Sumudu
Published: January 2025

Aggregate productivity can largely be determined by how production factors are allocated across heterogeneous firms. Although, the existing literature documents the contribution of misallocation in capital and labour to the Aggregate Total factor Productivity (TFP), studies on the relative roles of labour and capital misallocation affecting productivity in a single economy are limited. Using annual firm-level survey data and a static model, this paper contributes to the literature by estimating the cross-firm misallocation of labour relative to capital and their impact on aggregate productivity loss for Sri Lanka during 1994-2017. The results suggest that relative to the counterfactual efficient allocation of capital and labour, misallocation of both capital and labour has been rising and entails sizable negative impacts on TFP. The misallocation of labour has steeply been rising and 2.4-fold of that for capital misallocation. The results further suggest that firms can hardly grow bigger due to firm size-dependent capital and labour misallocation. The results specifically suggest that labour misallocation can be a binding constraint for business expansion preventing Sri Lanka from moving to a more productive economy.
Macro-locational determinants of Chinese foreign direct investment in Cameroon
Authors: Andangnui Quintabella , Louw Lynette , Cattaneo Nicolette
Published: January 2025

Background: Macro-locational determinants of foreign direct investment (FDI) constitute a country’s comparative advantage in attracting FDI. Although literature identifies potential determinants of Chinese FDI, empirical studies reveal significant variation across countries, necessitating investigation of specific macro-locational factors in each context.Aim: Despite its abundant resources and reliance on FDI for development, Cameroon has experienced slow FDI growth. Efforts to enhance trade and investment relations between Cameroon and China make an understanding of Chinese FDI drivers crucial for policymakers. This study aims to ascertain the significance of macro-locational determinants in attracting Chinese FDI to Cameroon.Setting: The study uses quarterly data on proposed macro-locational determinants of FDI from 2003 to 2017.Method: Data were obtained from credible databases and reports. The study employs time series data and uses the Johansen approach and vector error correction modelling for analysis.Results: Findings indicate a statistically significant positive relationship between Chinese FDI and Cameroon’s market size and competitiveness. A significant inverse relationship was found between exchange and interest rates and Chinese FDI. Trade openness had a small but ambiguous effect on Chinese FDI.Conclusion: The results align with FDI theories though not all proposed determinants were significant for Chinese FDI in Cameroon. To attract FDI, Cameroon must expand its market, stabilise exchange rates and maintain competitiveness, especially through skills development. Financial institutions should provide competitive interest rates to promote private-sector borrowing.Contribution: This study enhances the understanding of the key factors influencing Chinese FDI in Cameroon and contributes to the limited research on macro-locational determinants of FDI in Africa.
A panoptic view of the South African wealth tax
Authors: Ram Asheer Jaywant
Published: January 2025

Background: Wealth taxes are a topic of intense debate, with most countries having either abolished them or considered, but not implemented such measures. The South African government is contemplating the introduction of a wealth tax, purportedly to enhance revenue collection.Aim: This article examines whether the proposed South African wealth tax functions as a government panopticon, offering an alternative explanation for its introduction. It also considers the government’s transparency regarding the potential wealth tax.Setting: This article examined the opinions of tax experts in South Africa.Method: An interpretive approach is adopted. The traits of the wealth tax and the themes of the panopticon are identified and used as the row and column headings in a correspondence table, which serves as the research instrument distributed to tax experts. The tax experts indicate any associations between the themes of the panopticon and the traits of the wealth tax. Forty aggregated responses are subjected to correspondence analysis.Results: The potential wealth tax functions as a panopticon. It identifies and reveals relevant tax information about high-wealth individuals, appearing to coerce their compliance.Conclusion: There is credence to the alternate rationale for introducing a wealth tax in South Africa.Contribution: This is one of the first articles to apply the panopticon, a novel theoretical framework, in a tax context in South Africa. The findings are relevant to the exploration of similar taxes in other jurisdictions and provide a means for the critical evaluation of the motives behind tax policy decisions made by governments.
Massive Hemothorax due to a Rare Entity: Dilemma of ICD Insertion!! A Case Report
Authors: Chhaperwal Prabhav , Vijai Masti Nagendra Rao , Suri Gurbinder Singh , Garg Uma Shankar , Parate Kiran Kumar , Kapoor Suraj
Published: January 2025

Intercostal artery aneurysms are a type of vascular abnormality that poses a potential risk of rupture, which could lead to life-threatening hemothorax. This case report presents a young male who experienced a rupture of an intercostal artery aneurysm and subsequently suffered from a massive hemothorax after engaging in strenuous physical activity. The current case study sheds light on the difficulties and lessons learned in managing such cases in peripheral settings, including the dilemma of whether to insert an intercostal chest drain (ICD). The patient was ultimately diagnosed with a rare clinical entity known as rupture of right posterior intercostal artery aneurysm with massive hemothorax.
Assessment of Right Ventricle Function in Patients with Mitral Repair: Case Series
Authors: Amador Yannis , Garijo Jacobo Moreno , Mashari Azad , Gadotti Giovanni , Hopman Wilma M. , David Tirone E , Meineri Massimiliano
Published: January 2025

Objectives:

We aim to assess right ventricular function in patients undergoing mitral valve repair using trans-esophageal echocardiography, focusing on the predictive value of right ventricular longitudinal strain compared to other echocardiographic measures.

Design:

Retrospective analysis.

Setting:

Toronto General Hospital.

Participants:

Thirty elective patients undergoing mitral valve repair.

Interventions:

Quantitative assessment of right ventricular function using transesophageal echocardiography images pre- and post-mitral valve repair, including right ventricular longitudinal strain, fractional area change, tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion, and systolic peak velocity (S’).

Measurements and Main Results:

3 patterns of RV strain were identified with right ventricular longitudinal strain emerging as the most significant discriminator among right ventricular functional subgroups, with 43% of cases showing worsening, 20% showing no change, and 37% showing improvement. No correlation was found between right ventricular performance parameters and the need for vasopressors post-cardiopulmonary bypass. There was also no association between initial right ventricular longitudinal strain and difficulty in weaning off bypass or increased demand for pressors. Changes in tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion across all cases warrant further investigation with a larger cohort.

Conclusions:

Right ventricular longitudinal strain is a valuable tool for assessing right ventricular function post-mitral valve repair, offering insights into immediate postoperative outcomes and long-term right ventricular remodeling. Despite limitations like single-surgeon experience and institution-specific choice of pressors, our study provides useful insights into right ventricular function post-mitral repair surgery, paving the way for future research in larger patient populations.
Decreased desire to have children: A qualitative study
Authors: Ghaderi Najafabadi Maryam , Shojaei Ardekani Zahra , Sohbati Samira , Mirzaee Firoozeh , Ghazanfarpour Masoumeh , Dadshahi Sahebeh
Published: January 2025

Objective:

To explain barriers to childbearing among working women from the perspective of working women and midwives.

Methods:

In this study, a qualitative study of content analysis method was employed. The study was conducted from December 2021 to July 2022. The population consisted of working women and midwives. Data collection was conducted using semi-structured interviews and continued until data saturation was achieved. Through purposeful sampling, 10 women and 11 midwives were selected as the sample. The data were analyzed by Graneheim and Lundman content analysis approach. For more rigorous, Nvivo 14 software was also used for data management, analysis, coding and organization of data.

Results:

This study included 21 women (10 women employees and 11 midwives) aged 25-43 years (for women employees) and 2756 years (for midwives) with 1 to 34 years of job experience. In examination of participant’ views about the barriers to childbearing, 1 124 codes were identified, of which we managed to extract six subthemes and two themes. Two themes emerged: “lack of social support and lack of family support”. Subthemes of “lack of social support” were “inadequate leave, long distance from workplace, and insufficient wages”. Subthemes of “lack of family support” were “lack of spouse support, lack of spouse's family support, and lack of their family support”.

Conclusions:

Different socioeconomic factors influence childbearing tendency in working women. Social and family supports play an important role in this regard. It is important to take these factors into account at the time of policymaking in the field of midwifery.
Baccalaureate nursing students’ readiness toward electronic learning at South Valley University
Authors: Mahmoud Noura S.A. , El Banan Sahar H.A. , Sabra Hanaa I. , Al Rahman Hassan Ahmed A.
Published: January 2025

Technology is the language of the new era. Applying electronic learning (E-learning) is an efficient tool for many challenges faced by the education process, one of the most appropriate solutions to continue the learning process during the pandemic in 2019 (coronavirus disease 2019). Assess baccalaureate nursing students’ readiness toward E-learning at South Valley University. A descriptive cross-sectional, research design was used to carry out this study. A convenience sample of 703 students. The study was conducted at South Valley University. Two tools were used for data collection first tool a personal characteristic data questionnaire and second tool E-learning readiness questionnaire. The main findings indicated that half (50.2%) of baccalaureate nursing students had a high level of readiness. While 25.2% of them had a moderate readiness level and 24.6% had a low level of readiness. The highest mean percentages were given to the domains of use of technology, motivation for learning, and availability of technology, followed by the domains of time management, self-confidence in using technology, and training for using technology. The findings of the conducted study showed that half of the participant have a high readiness level toward E-learning while one-quarter of them have a moderate level, and the last quarter have a low level. Future studies can be carried out to explore factors that facilitate or hinder the implementation of E-learning, provide computer laboratories with sufficient computers and reliable internet for students who do not own computers at home, and provide professional development to ensure that teachers can effectively use E-learning.
Assessment of reflective writing teaching strategy on nursing students’ critical thinking skills
Authors: Soliman Mohamed A.MA , Raouf Hoda E.A. , Mayhob Mona M. , Ismail Lamia M.-N.
Published: January 2025

Background

Critical thinking (CT) is widely regarded as a crucial educational objective across all levels of education, particularly in nursing education. Although various teaching methods that promote CT have been documented in the nursing literature, only a limited number of these strategies have been assessed for evaluating the impact of the reflective writing as a teaching strategy on nursing students’ CT skills.

Aim

The study was done to assess if reflective writing strategy improved or affect CT skills among nursing students.

Research questions

Q1) How does the reflective writing teaching strategy affect the nursing students’ CT skills? Q2) What is the relation between the students’ characteristics and the CT skills? Design A descriptive correlational design.

Setting

The study was conducted in the Faculty of Nursing, British University in Egypt.

Sample

A purposive sample of 103 students.

Tools

Two tools were used. Students’ characteristics sheet and the California Critical Thinking Skills Test (CCTST) modified Arabic version A. The test was given twice, before the start of the reflective writing strategy, and after.

Results

A highly statistically significant difference between the total of nursing students ‘scores to the CT skills before being exposed to reflective writing and after being exposed with a P value of (< 0.001). Also, there was a statistically significant relationship between the problem-solving module scores and the California Critical Thinking Skills Test with a P value of (0.003).

Conclusion

Reflective writing teaching strategy improves CT skills. There was no relation between the demographic characteristics of the students and the CT skills as well as the academic characteristics except for the problem-solving scores.

Recommendations

Nursing students need strong CT skills to make up-to-date knowledge-based decisions regarding nursing management. Further research is necessary to find prerequisite courses to foster CT skills.
Application of S-100 absorbable hemostatic patch in endonasal endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Zheng Hai-Sheng , Zhong Xing-Wu , Xu Jia-Yao , Chen Hai-Yan , Liu Li-Na , Ou-Yang Bo-Wen
Published: January 2025

Purpose:

To investigate the effect of S-100 absorbable hemostatic patch coverage on anastomotic mucosa in endonasal endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy (En-DCR).

Methods:

Two hundred and twenty-six patients with unilateral chronic dacryocystitis (CD) were randomly divided into two groups in a randomized controlled trial: the S-100 absorbable hemostatic patch group (group A) and the control group (group B). All patients underwent En-DCR. Group A received an S-100 absorbable hemostatic patch covering the wound approximately 2 mm around the ostium at the end of the En-DCR, whereas group B received no treatment. The patients were followed up for 12 months, and the mucosal epithelialization of the wound, granulation formation, bleeding, and success rate of ostial patency were compared between the two groups.

Results:

Our study included 106 patients in group A and 102 patients in group B. After 2 weeks, the intact mucosal epithelium lining the ostia was 96 in group A and 77 in group B. At 12 months follow-up, there were five patients with scars (4.7%) and seven patients with granulomas (6.6%) in group A, compared with 17 patients with scars (16.7%) and 18 patients with granulomas (17.6%) in group B. There were significant differences in scar formation and granuloma formation between the two groups (P = 0.007 and 0.007, respectively). The success rate of anastomotic patency was 92.5% (98/106) in group A and 78.4% (80/102) in group B (P < 0.05). Postoperative bleeding was more substantial in group B than in group A (P < 0.05).

Conclusion:

S-100 absorbable hemostatic patch cover can reduce the risk of postoperative bleeding and improve the success rate of EN-DCR treatment of CD by promoting healing of the anastomotic mucosa and preventing wound scar and granuloma formation after EN-DCR.
The impact of speculum uses on the incidence of blepharoptosis in patients undergoing phacoemulsification surgery: A prospective analysis
Authors: Palanivel Savithiri , Jayagayathri Rajagopalan , Yadalla Dayakar
Published: January 2025

Purpose:

The primary objective of this study was to investigate the possible role and assess the potential relationship of speculum use during phacoemulsification surgery in the occurrence of blepharoptosis.

Methods:

Our study is a prospective observational design to analyze patients who underwent phacoemulsification surgery under topical anesthesia between October 2017 and May 2018 at a tertiary eye hospital in South India. All patients had their Margin Reflex Distance 1 (MRD1), levator palpebrae superioris (LPS) function, and lid crease distance (LCD) measured before and after surgery on day one, one month, three months, and six months to evaluate the extent of ptosis at each time point that was recorded clinically and photographic documentation for accurate evaluation.

Results:

Out of the 221 patients who participated in the study, a total of 250 eyes were examined. On postoperative day one, 34 patients (15.8% with a rigid speculum and 11.4% with a non-rigid speculum) developed ptosis. At the one-month follow-up, ptosis persisted in four patients, with one patient having undergone surgery using a rigid speculum and the rest of three patients with a non-rigid speculum. However, further follow-ups at three and six months revealed a complete resolution of ptosis in all cases, indicating that the ptosis was transient and resolved spontaneously.

Conclusion:

Speculum use cannot be considered as the sole causative factor for postoperative ptosis, as a multitude of other modifiable factors, such as superior rectus bridle suturing, anesthetic approach, prolonged patching, and duration of surgery, may have an additive effect alongside speculum used in the development of postoperative ptosis.
Oncological principles in the management of ocular surface squamous neoplasia - A Review
Authors: Bansal Rolika , Honavar Santosh G
Published: January 2025

Ocular surface squamous neoplasia (OSSN) is the most common neoplasia of the anterior segment. Accurate and timely diagnosis, including detailed clinical assessment and imaging, is essential to ascertain the extent of the disease. The gold standard treatment for OSSN has evolved over the years, transitioning from wide-margin surgical excision using the “no-touch” technique to topical immunotherapy, plaque brachytherapy, and targeted immunotherapy. The choice of treatment modality depends on a tailored approach based on the initial presentation and progression of the disease. This review consolidates a comprehensive understanding of the variable clinical presentations of OSSN, diagnostic and imaging techniques, and available treatment options. It also provides a foundation for the oncologic principles of managing OSSN while offering insights into future therapeutic approaches.
Potential mechanisms of non-coding RNA regulation in Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Sun Yue , Pang Xinping , Huang Xudong , Liu Dinglu , Huang Jingyue , Zheng Pengtao , Wei Yanyu , Pang Chaoyang
Published: January 2025

Alzheimer's disease, a progressively degenerative neurological disorder, is the most common cause of dementia in the elderly. While its precise etiology remains unclear, researchers have identified diverse pathological characteristics and molecular pathways associated with its progression. Advances in scientific research have increasingly highlighted the crucial role of non-coding RNAs in the progression of Alzheimer's disease. These non-coding RNAs regulate several biological processes critical to the advancement of the disease, offering promising potential as therapeutic targets and diagnostic biomarkers. Therefore, this review aims to investigate the underlying mechanisms of Alzheimer's disease onset, with a particular focus on microRNAs, long non-coding RNAs, and circular RNAs associated with the disease. The review elucidates the potential pathogenic processes of Alzheimer's disease and provides a detailed description of the synthesis mechanisms of the three aforementioned non-coding RNAs. It comprehensively summarizes the various non-coding RNAs that have been identified to play key regulatory roles in Alzheimer's disease, as well as how these non-coding RNAs influence the disease's progression by regulating gene expression and protein functions. For example, miR-9 targets the UBE4B gene, promoting autophagy-mediated degradation of Tau protein, thereby reducing Tau accumulation and delaying Alzheimer's disease progression. Conversely, the long non-coding RNA BACE1-AS stabilizes BACE1 mRNA, promoting the generation of amyloid-² and accelerating Alzheimer's disease development. Additionally, circular RNAs play significant roles in regulating neuroinflammatory responses. By integrating insights from these regulatory mechanisms, there is potential to discover new therapeutic targets and potential biomarkers for early detection and management of Alzheimer's disease. This review aims to enhance the understanding of the relationship between Alzheimer's disease and non-coding RNAs, potentially paving the way for early detection and novel treatment strategies.
Greenwashing, Pinkwashing, Whitewashing … der kritische Metasprachdiskurs um X-washing
Authors: Polajnar Janja
Published: January 2025

The article focuses on the critical meta-linguistic discourse on x-washing in the newspaper and magazine corpus of the German Reference Corpus (DeReko) thus demonstrating the added value of a corpus-based quantitative-qualitative analysis for discourse linguistic studies. This approach makes it possible to trace the development of the discourse-constitutive x-washing pattern since the 1990s. It becomes clear that the pattern has increased in frequency and productivity in recent years, as shown by the variety of x-washing terms used primarily in the quality media by and for the educated classes. X-washing terms range from established, lexicographically recorded terms (green-, sports- or pinkwashing), which in turn form further composites, to rare ad hoc formations (youth-, zero-, diversitywashing), which open up new perspectives in critical meta-linguistic discourse. The individual x-washing terms refer to different discursive events and form their own discourse strands, but are all based on the common pattern of argumentation, namely criticism of the economic and political communication of sustainability and the staging of groups of people (e.g. LGBTQIA*, youth) or socially relevant values (environmental protection, ethical intentions or gender equality). Furthermore, the co-occurrence analysis was used to identify the most important agents who criticise self-portrayed misleading or false sustainability claims, as well as agents who engage in x-washing. Frequent co-occurrence partners moreover reveal the pejoratively critical connotation of x-washing and its meta-linguistic use. In the newspaper and magazine corpus, a variety of references to language and language use could be identified, which can be differentiated with regard to reference objects and hierarchy.
Elevated levels of Cardiac and Oxidative Stress Biomarkers were Ameliorated by Treatment with Cucumis sativus Aqueous Extract in Cadmium-Induced Toxicity in Male Wistar Rats
Authors: Mobisson Samuel Kelechi , Odey Agnes Igimi , Ukpai Enene Esu
Published: January 2025

Background:Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of mortality worldwide and cadmium as one of the environmental toxicants contributes adversely to cardiac damage. Hence, this study investigated the cardioprotective potential of Cucumis sativus on cadmium-induced toxicity in male Wistar rats.
Method: Porcine Sixteen rats weighing between 100 and 180g were grouped with four (A to D) four rats each. Group A was control, Group B-D received 1.5mg/kg bw of cadmium, cadmium + 1mg/kg bw of C. sativus, cadmium +2mg/kg bw of C. sativus respectively. Administration was done orally using gavage for 14 days. IBM SPSS statistical software version 28, was used to analyze the data (P-value=<0.05).
Results: Lactate dehydrogenase significantly (p<0.01) increased in cadmium untreated compared to control and decreased in C.sativus treated groups compared to cadmium untreated. Troponin T in cadmium untreated and C.sativus (1mg/kg) significantly (p<0.001) increased than control. Calcium and Potassium ions in cadmium untreated and C.sativus (1mg/kg) significantly (p<0.001) increased compared to control and decreased in C.sativus treated groups compared to control and cadmium untreated group.  Cardiac-reduced glutathione (GSH), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and catalase in all treated groups significantly (p<0.001) decreased compared to control. Although, there was a significant increase in C.sativus treated groups compared to cadmium untreated. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) in cadmium untreated and C. sativus (1mg/kg) significantly (p<0.001) decreased compared to control. However, the C. sativus (2mg/kg) group significantly (p<0.001) increased compared to cadmium untreated and C. sativus (1mg/kg) treated group. Malondialdehyde (MDA) in all treated groups significantly increased compared to the control.
Conclusion: It Treatment with C. sativus ameliorated the cardiac toxicity induced by cadmium. Hence, if these results apply to humans, using C. sativus for managing cardiac diseases and oxidative stress should be encouraged as it may possess cardioprotective properties.
Antisickling Properties of Hydro-Alcoholic Extract of Ficus abutilifolia Leaves
Authors: Diouf Ibrahima , Sene Mbaye , Ba Awa , Ndiaye Mamadou , Sene Madieye , Ouedraogo Aicha , Kane Modou O , Sarr Mamadou
Published: January 2025

Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the antisickling activity of a hydro-ethanolic extract of Ficus abutilifolia leaves using an in vitro model with red blood cells from AS and SS sickle cell subjects.
Materials and Methods: Emmel tests were conducted on blood samples collected from for healthy subjects AA, for healthy subjects AS and for subjects SS using a freshly prepared sodium metabisulphite solution. The average age of the subjects was 18 years. There were 8 women, including 4 with SS, 2 with AS, and 2 healthy subjects, as well as 4 men, including 2 with AS and 2 healthy subjects. In eight experiments, the samples were pretreated with a solution of Ficus abutilifolia leaf extract at varying concentrations (1.25 and 2.5 mg/ml). Micrographs were then taken for quantification purposes.
Results: The findings indicate that, in the basal state, SS subjects had a higher sickle cell count (90.15%) compared to AS subjects (73.15%). The Ficus abutilifolia leaf extract (EFFA) resulted in a significant reduction in the sickle cell count in SS subjects, with the rate dropping from 90.15% to 20.93% at a concentration of 1.25 mg/ml. In AS subjects, the sickle cell count decreased from 73.15% to 10.75% at the same concentration. However, increasing the extract concentration to 2.50 mg/ml seemed to lessen this effect, with only a slight reduction in the preventive effect on sickling. **** p < 0.0001 for inhibitory effect versus control.
Conclusion: These results indicate that the Ficus abutilifolia leaf extract exhibits an antisickling activity, which supports its use in traditional medicine.