bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Antioxidant Properties of Crocus Sativus L. and Its Constituents and Relevance to Neurodegenerative Diseases; Focus on Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s Disease
Authors: Hatziagapiou Kyriaki , Kakouri Eleni , Lambrou George I. , Bethanis Kostas , Tarantilis Petros A.
Published: March 2018

Background:

Reactive oxygen species and reactive nitrogen species, which are collectively called reactive oxygen-nitrogen species, are the inevitable by-products of cellular metabolic redox reactions, such as oxidative phosphorylation in the mitochondrial respiratory chain, phagocytosis, reactions of biotransformation of exogenous and endogenous substrata in endoplasmic reticulum, eicosanoid synthesis, and redox reactions in the presence of metal with variable valence. Among medicinal plants, there is growing interest in Crocus Sativus L. It is a perennial, stemless herb, belonging to Iridaceae family, cultivated in various countries such as Greece, Italy, Spain, Israel, Morocco, Turkey, Iran, India, China, Egypt and Mexico.

Objective:

The present study aims to address the protective role of Crocus Sativus L. in neurodegeneration with an emphasis in Parkinson’s and Alzheimer’s disease.

Materials and Methods:

An electronic literature search was conducted by two of the authors from 1993 to August 2017. Original articles and systematic reviews (with or without meta-analysis), as well as case reports were selected. Titles and abstracts of papers were screened by a third reviewer to determine whether they met the eligibility criteria, and full texts of the selected articles were retrieved.

Results:

Hence, the authors focused on the literature concerning the role of Crocus Sativus L. on its anti-oxidant and neuroprotective properties.

Conclusion:

Literature findings represented in current review herald promising results for using Crocus Sativus L. and/or its active constituents as antioxidants, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective agents.
Estimation of Nutritional and Mineral Contents of Eleusine coracana and Echinochloa frumentacea – Two Edible Wild Crops of India
Authors: Chandra Subhash , Saklani Sarla , Semwal Ruchi B. , Semwal Deepak K.
Published: March 2018

Background:

Barnyard millet is rich in protein, iron, calcium, phosphorus, fibre and vitamin
content whereas finger millet is used in regular food and considered to be more nutritious than rice.

Objective:

The aim of this research was to develop new food supplements with potential pharmacological
activity from readily accessed natural products.

Methods:

In the present study, we investigated the nutritional and mineral profile of the extracts of
Eleusine coracana (L.) Gaertn. and Echinochloa frumentacea Link seeds. The extraction process
involved fractionation with various solvents whereas the estimation of nutrients and minerals was
done using AOAC method and ICPMS techniques.

Results:

The levels of crude protein, carbohydrates, crude fibre and ash content in E. coracana seeds
were found to 7.30%, 68.10%, 3.60% and 8.50%, respectively whereas 2.87%, 80.93%, 5.80% and
5.30%, respectively were measured in the seeds of E. frumentacea.

Conclusion:

The seeds of E. coracana and E. frumentacea were found as highly medicinal and nutritional
due to the presence of vitamins, minerals and other needful nutrients.
The Established Nuclear Medicine Modalities for Imaging of Bone Metastases
Authors: Jabeen Nazish , Rasheed Rashid , Rafique Asma , Murtaza Ghulam
Published: March 2018

Background:

The skeleton is one of the frequent site of metastases in advanced cancer.
Prostate, breast and renal cancers mostly metastasize to bone.

Discussion:

Malignant tumors lead to significant morbidity and mortality. Identification of bone
lesions is a crucial step in diagnosis of disease at early stage, monitoring of disease progression and
evaluation of therapy. Diagnosis of cancer metastases is based on uptake of bone-targeted radioactive
tracer at different bone remodeling sites.

Conclusion:

This manuscript summarizes already established and evolving nuclear medicine modalities
(e.g. bone scan, SPECT, SPECT/CT, PET, PET/CT) for imaging of bone metastases.
Modelling of Friction Coefficient for Shoes Type LL By Means of Polynomial Fitting
Authors: Cantone L. , Ottati A.
Published: March 2018

Introduction:

The paper describes the automatic procedure, implemented in UIC software TrainDy, for the simulation of friction coefficient of new LL shoes, used to avoid noise from freight traffic.

Method:

This procedure uses certified experimental data obtained at dynamometer bench as input data and computes a series of polynomials laws that describe the evolution of friction coefficient with speed, for different values of normal force between brake blocks and wheel and for different initial braking speeds.

Result:

Numerical results are compared against two series of experimental slip tests, carried on Trenitalia freight wagons, in terms of both stopping distances (for different starting speeds and loading conditions) and pressure in brake cylinder, speed and acceleration. Errors in terms of stopping distance are always below 5% whereas errors in terms of maximum acceleration are up to 20%.
Visnagin: A New Perspective of Medicinal Importance, Physiological Functions, Phytochemistry, Pharmacology and Analytical Aspects of Active Phytoconstituents of Ammi visnaga
Authors: Patel Kanika , Rahman Mahfoozur , Kumar Vikas , Verma Amita , Patel Dinesh Kumar
Published: March 2018

Background:

Ammi visnaga commonly known as ‘honey plant, tooth pick fruit, bisnaga
and khella’ is an important plant of Apiaceae family. It is an annual herb found in Europe, Asia,
North Africa, Latin America and in India. Carrot, parsnip, celery, coriander, anise, caraway, cumin,
parsley and dill are some other plants of the same family i.e., ‘Apiaceae’. Fruits of Ammi visnaga (A.
visnaga) are medicinally used as a strong photosensitizer, diaphoretic, carminative and antispasmodic
agents.

Objective:

A. visnaga has been used for the treatment of bronchial asthma, coronary insufficiency,
angina pectoris, psoriasis, renal colic and ureteric stones. Visnagin (C13H10O4) is a ‘furanochromone
derivative’ which is the main active constituent’s of A. visnaga. Visnagin is used for the treatment of
low blood-pressure, angina pectoris and kidney stone. It also has neuroprotective and antiinflammatory
activity. Moreover, visnagin also treat whooping cough, ureter and bile duct, gall
bladder and renal colic, tumors and epileptic seizures.

Methods:

This review summarizes data’s regarding the biological importance, pharmacological uses
and medicinal importance of A. visnaga and their important active constituent’s “visnagin”. Moreover,
the detailed pharmacological aspects of visnagin were presented in this review. Further various
analytical techniques used for the extraction and isolation of visnagin were also discussed. Studies
related to the pharmacological profile of the plants and their active phytoconstituents are one of the
leading areas of research.

Conclusion:

This review will be beneficial to the scientific society to understand the importance of
A. visnaga plant and their active constituents ‘visnagin’for the development of alternative tools to
treat disorders in the future.
A comunicação como variável de campanha [Entrevista com Marcus Figueiredo]
Authors: Aldé Alessandra , Vasconcelos Fábio
Published: March 2018

Entrevista com Marcus Figueiredo.
SELF-CONCEPT AND MENTAL HEALTH OF THE HIGHER
SECONDARY STUDENTS IN ALIPURDUAR DISTRICT
Authors: Halder Ujjwal Kumar , Saha Subhajit
Published: March 2018

The focus of this study is to examine the
correlation between Self-concept and Mental Health of the higher
secondary level students in Alipurduar district. In this paper, two
standardized test were adopted namely, Self-concept Scale developed by
Singh and Singh (1988) and Mental Health Inventory (MHI) developed by
Jagdish and Srivastav (1995) to collect the data from four higher
secondary schools among which two are rural and two are urban schools.
Significant correlation between self-concept and mental health has been
found among total students, male and urban students. It also shows that
no significant correlation between self-concept and mental health of
female and rural students of higher secondary level..
Interactive Visual Displays for Interpreting the Results of Clinical Trials: Formative Evaluation With Case Vignettes (Preprint)
Authors: Bian Jiantao , Weir Charlene , Unni Prasad , Borbolla Damian , Reese Thomas , Wan Yik-Ki Jacob , Del Fiol Guilherme
Published: March 2018

BACKGROUND

At the point of care, evidence from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) is underutilized in helping clinicians meet their information needs.

OBJECTIVE

To design interactive visual displays to help clinicians interpret and compare the results of relevant RCTs for the management of a specific patient, and to conduct a formative evaluation with physicians comparing interactive visual versus narrative displays.

METHODS

We followed a user-centered and iterative design process succeeded by development of information display prototypes as a Web-based application. We then used a within-subjects design with 20 participants (8 attendings and 12 residents) to evaluate the usability and problem-solving impact of the information displays. We compared subjects’ perceptions of the interactive visual displays versus narrative abstracts.

RESULTS

The resulting interactive visual displays present RCT results side-by-side according to the Population, Intervention, Comparison, and Outcome (PICO) framework. Study participants completed 19 usability tasks in 3 to 11 seconds with a success rate of 78% to 100%. Participants favored the interactive visual displays over narrative abstracts according to perceived efficiency, effectiveness, effort, user experience and preference (all P values <.001).

CONCLUSIONS

When interpreting and applying RCT findings to case vignettes, physicians preferred interactive graphical and PICO-framework-based information displays that enable direct comparison of the results from multiple RCTs compared to the traditional narrative and study-centered format. Future studies should investigate the use of interactive visual displays to support clinical decision making in care settings and their effect on clinician and patient outcomes.
Ketahanan hidup 5 tahun pada pasien kanker payudara
Authors: Sinaga Evi Susanti , Ahmad Riris Andono , Hutajulu Susanna Hilda
Published: March 2018

Analysis of 5-year survival of patients treated for breast cancer at Sardjito Hospital in Yogyakarta province, IndonesiaPurposeThis study aimed to assess the length of life of breast cancer patients as well as factors related to the prognosis of survival of patients.MethodsThis research was a retrospective study. Samples in this study were patients with breast cancer who were first diagnosed with breast cancer from January 1, 2009 until December 31, 2009 at the Dr. Sardjito Hospital, Yogyakarta. The Kaplan Meier method was used for the data analysis, and final factors were reviewed and those that showed significant association were entered in a Cox regression model. Calculations were performed in Stata 12.0.ResultsResults showed the 5 year survival rate was 51.07%. In bivariate analysis, there was a correlation between the age of diagnosis, education, clinical stage, tumor size and tumor location on 5-year survival in patients with breast cancer. For multivariate analysis, age of diagnosis had the most powerful correlation (HR = 3.73; 95% CI = 1.0 to 13.6) on survival (p = 0.046).ConclusionSurvival rates of women with breast cancer aged less than 50 years were lower. Young women with breast cancer tended to have more aggressive breast cancer growth and recurrence risks were greater. Efforts are needed for early detection of breast cancer to improve survival in breast cancer patients.
Analysis of the dominant factor of hypercholesterolemia at 45-59 years old elderly in working area of Puskesmas Rangkapanjaya Kota Depok 2016
Authors: Lestari Widya Asih , Utari Diah Mulyawati
Published: March 2018

Dominant factors of hypercholesterolemia among pre-elderly in working area of Rangkapanjaya public health center in DepokPurposeThis study aimed to analyze the dominant factors of hypercholesterolemia among 45-59 years old elderly persons.MethodA cross-sectional study was conducted, involving 160 elderlies aged 45-49 years old in Rangkapanjaya. The data collection used Accutrend GC, BoneScan QUS, questionnaires, food recall, and Food Frequency Questionnaire. The data analysis used chi-square and logistic regression tests.ResultsThe factors most influencing hypercholesterolemia were vegetable intake frequency, body mass index, physical activity and bone mass density.ConclusionPeople with low total bone mass density have higher risk of getting hypercholesterolemia.
Dukungan sosial dan kualitas hidup orang dengan HIV/AIDS
Authors: Mardia Mardia , Ahmad Riris Andono , Riyanto Bambang Sigit
Published: March 2018

Purpose: This study aimed to determine the quality of life among people living with HIV/AIDS based on the criteria for diagnosis and other factors.Methods: This study was conducted in the VCT clinic hospital of Dr. Moewardi. The population was HIV-positive patients with antiretroviral therapy. Data collection conducted through medical records and interview to patients. Results: Out of a total of 89 respondents, 66.29% were males and 71.91% were aged between 26-45 years. We found significant correlations for diagnosis of HIV/AIDS, opportunistic infections, time since HIV diagnosis, duration of ARV therapy, social support, modes of transport, sex, age, and marital status with the quality of life. Multivariate analysis obtained by each variable showed the strongest association with the quality of life was time since diagnosis, social support and duration of ARV therapy. Conclusion: The quality of life was better for those who have been diagnosed with HIV/AIDS ≥ 32 months, with social support, and who have been undergoing antiretroviral therapy ≥ 29 months. Improved counseling in the early days of ARV therapy is necessary to always maintain the treatment and provide support for their social life.
Pengaruh konseling laktasi terhadap pengetahuan, kemampuan dan keberhasilan ibu dalam pemberian ASI
Authors: Liliana Anita , Hapsari Elsi Dwi , Nisman Wenny Artanti
Published: March 2018

The effect of lactation counseling towards mother’s knowledge, ability and success rate in breastfeedingPurposeThis study aimed to identify the effect of lactation counseling towards mother’s knowledge, ability, and success in breastfeeding in Panembahan Senopati General Hospital, Bantul.MethodsThis research was a quasi-experimental study with a post test-only non-equivalent control group design. Sample collection technique used consecutive sampling with 32 respondents as total samples in each group (intervention group and control group). ResultsBivariate analysis used chi square tests with significance level p<0.05.  The intervention group was given lactation counseling (p = 0.000 [<0.05]). There was a significant difference in mother’s ability to breastfeed between the intervention group and control group after they were given lactation counseling (p=0.012 [<0.05]; RR=1.917). There was also a significant difference in the success rate of breastfeeding between the intervention and control group after counseling (p= 0.006 [<0.05]; RR=2.500).ConclusionLactation counseling can positively affect the mother’s knowledge, ability, and success rate in breastfeeding.
Pengaruh short message service (SMS) terhadap pengetahuan dan intensi menyusui di Kabupaten Purbalingga Provinsi Jawa Tengah
Authors: Wahyuni Zly , Rahayujati Theodola Baning , Hakimi Mohammad
Published: March 2018

Effect of short message service toward knowledge and breastfeeding intention in Purbalingga district, Central JavaPurposeThis study aimed to determine the effect of short message service on improving mother's knowledge and intention in breastfeeding.MethodsThis study used a quasi-experimental design with non equivalent control group and pretest and posttest conducted with 36 breastfeeding mothers who received a breastfeeding brochure with short message service in the intervention group and 32 breastfeeding mothers who received only the brochure in the control group. The breastfeeding mothers all had an infant less than 2 months old and had a handphone. Data were processed by stata 12.0 using paired t-test, unpaired t-test and linear regression tests.ResultsThe pretest-posttest scores showed increase of knowledge about breastfeeding after delivering information of breastfeeding through short message service (p<0.05). It showed no effect of increasing breastfeeding intention after delivering information of breastfeeding through short message service (p> 0.05).ConclusionShort message service was effective to improve knowledge of breastfeeding mothers, however it had no effect in improving breastfeeding intentions.
Perancangan sistem pemantauan surat izin praktik (SIP) tenaga kesehatan di Dinas Kesehatan Kabupaten Pringsewu Provinsi Lampung
Authors: Ramadan Faridz , Nugroho Eko
Published: March 2018

The design of monitoring system of health workers’ practice license in health office in Pringsewu LampungPurposeThe purpose of this study was to design a prototype of a monitoring system of health practice licenses (SIP) of health workers in Pringsewu’s local government. MethodsAn action research was conducted with 15 subjects. Data collection was done through in-depth interviews, observations and focus group discussions.ResultsBy order of priority issues, value urgency showed 70%, seriousness 75% and growth 75%, and the ultrasound matrix (urgency, seriousness and growth) showed that it is necessary to design a prototype monitoring SIP (100%), access to online or offline (66.66%), mapping of health workers (60%), and integration and communication with professional organizations and the Ministry of Health of Indonesia (60%). One of the functional testing systems that can be used is the SIP monitoring system. Furthermore, considering the system functional testing system the results showed 58% strongly agreed and 42% agreed with the use of the SIP designed monitoring system. The evaluation of the feasibility of the system shows that the aspect ratio before and after using the prototype was 5 times faster than before using the system. This system provides a positive effect on employee performance and can simplify management of managerial data licensing health professionals. ConclusionThe designed prototype system for monitoring practice licenses has overcome one of the problems in the regulatory process concerning the licensing of health personnel, although it is not developed fully, but the prototype is enough to give change and improved performance at the district health office in Pringsewu.
Faktor yang mempengaruhi kualitas hidup orang dengan HIV/AIDS (ODHA) di Kota Kupang
Authors: Handayani Fitri , Dewi Fatwa Sari Tetra
Published: March 2018

Purpose This study aimed to determine factors that affect the quality of life of people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) in Kota Kupang.MethodsThe study used cross-sectional study design with 100 people who had been on ARV therapy ≥1 months, age ≥18 years, was able to communicate with Indonesian language and willing to become respondents. The bivariate analysis used chi-square test and multivariate analysis used logistic regression test.ResultsThere was no significant correlation between the level of education, duration of antiretroviral therapy and the stigma of the quality of life of PLWHA. There was no significant relationship between sex, age, occupation, income, marital status, and adherence to the quality of life of PLWHA. The factors that most affect the quality of life of PLWHA were education level and stigma of ARV therapy.Conclusion The factors that most affect the quality of life of people living with HIV were education level and stigma of ARV therapy.
Determinants of preeclampsia among pregnant woman in Bantul
Authors: Pandiangan Jonri Maringan , Kusnanto Hari
Published: March 2018

Determinants of preeclampsia among pregnant woman in BantulPurposeThis study aimed to determine the factors associated with the incidence of preeclampsia in pregnant women in Bantul district. MethodsThis research was a non-experimental study with quantitative approach. The study used a case control design with a ratio of 1:2. Case were pregnant women with preeclampsia in 2015 and control were pregnant women who did not suffer preeclampsia. we used total sample and there is 116 women with pre-eclampsia. The variables studied were age, parity, body mass index, antenatal care, pregnancy range and maternal education interval. We used chi square and logistic regression tests. Results We got 107 cases and 247 controls. Multivariate results showed that the factors associated with the incidence of preeclampsia were body mass index (OR=3.69, 2.00-7.07) and maternal age over 35 years (OR=2.18, 1.24-3.85). ConclusionThis study found that body mass index is a risk factor for preeclampsia of pregnant women. Routine surveillance of maternal risk factors in monitoring of local area on maternal and child health may be used to detect the incidence of preeclampsia in the remaining pregnancy.
Mengapa masyarakat sektor informal belum memiliki asuransi BPJS kesehatan: persepsi dari pengusaha online?
Authors: Firman Firman , Agustin Helfi
Published: March 2018

Why don't online shop workers enroll in BPJS health insurance? a case study from the City of YogyakartaPurposeThis study aimed to explore why an informal sector group has not decided to become a part of BPJS health by identifying knowledge or health insurance literacy.MethodThis research was a qualitative study with a phenomenology approach. Determination of informants was used by snowball sampling technique. Data collection was conducted with in-depth interviews with 15 people from an online entrepreneurs group who live around the city of Yogyakarta. Data were identified with inductive thematic analysis related to health insurance literacy to determine any relationship pattern of re­search variables.ResultsThe majority of informants have knowledge health insurance as a health care program used to seek treatment when sick. Specifically, informants have difficulties in understanding and explaining the basic terms about BPJS health insurance such as membership type, premium, benefits package, services procedure, the way of registration. The main determinant is caused by personal factors of informants themselves who are not seeking information about BPJS health because busy with works, still young, unmarried, and get ill rarely. Another factor is informants more often rely on getting insurance information from friends or family, while information from the Government and BPJS organization itself is very rare.ConclusionLow health insurance literacy is the main cause why informants decide not to be participants in BPJS health insurance. So it’s necessary to educate people about the BPJS health insurance both from the government, BPJS organization, and especially health providers in health facilities.
Kebun gizi sebagai upaya pemenuhan gizi berbasis masyarakat
Authors: Kurniasih Dwi Endah , Adianto Joko
Published: March 2018

Food garden as a community-based strategy to meet consumption needsPurposeThis study aims to assess the Kebun Gizi program which has been running for two years.MethodsThis descriptive study involved 80 heads of family. Sampling method was simple random sampling. This study was conducted in December 2014 in Kebun Gizi, Jebres Surakarta. Instruments used were in the form of questionnaire. The data were analysed using descriptive method to find out the benefit of Kebun Gizi felt by the community, especially which was related to the eating behaviour of vegetables/fruits, planting behaviour and motivation and cost saving aspect.ResultsThe results showed all respondents were participants of Kebun Gizi. Among the respondents, 96% had willingness to invite others. Another impact was that it could be a joint movement to plant vegetables in the yard, as was mentioned by 88% of the respondents. There were 68% of respondents argued that Kebun Gizi could be one form of food security and 67.5% already felt that following the program could save the cost of household expenses. The average saving of household expenses on 67 families was Rp. 3.350.000,- per month and Rp. 40.200.000,- per year.ConclusionKebun Gizi has a positive impact, especially which is related to the participation in nutrition fulfillment efforts in the community.
Intensi remaja pergi ke kafe susu di Sleman DIY
Authors: Farhani Hilma , Susetyowaty Susetyowaty , Triratnawati Atik
Published: March 2018

Intention of teenager in consuming milk at milk cafe of Sleman  YogyakartaPurposeThis study aimed to explore the intentions of adolescents who come into the cafe milk in Sleman.MethodsThis study used a qualitative method with an exploratory and phenomenological design, with purposive sampling by considering the prescribed criteria. Informants of this study were thirteen informants. They consisted of nine adolescents, one manager of the cafe, two employees cafe and one academic nutritionist. Data collection was done from March-May 2015 by observation and interviews.ResultsResults showed that intention of adolescents who come to the cafe were for refreshments, using the facilities such as wifi (coursework), and for an organization's activities (meetings). Adolescent attitudes were positive and support the cafe milk and milk consumption behavior. Subjective norms included among others that adolescents wanted to socialize, to be recognized, to share information and build closer relationships with their friends.ConclusionThe health aspect is not the main intention of adolescents to come to the cafe milk. Adolescents come to the cafe milk with different intentions. Adolescents consume the milk in milk cafe because it has many benefits. However, the health benefits were only the last intention. The consumer intention was influenced by the positive attitudes of adolescents towards the cafe milk which includes media promotion of health and the subjective norm of adolescents toward the consumption of milk in the milk cafe.
Association of Mushroom Cultivation and Ozonolysis as Pretreatment for Enzymatic Saccharification of Sengon(Falcataria moluccana) Sawdust
Authors: Irawati Denny , Wedatama Soekmana , Ishiguri Futoshi , Yokota Shinso
Published: March 2018

Wood industry based on sengon (Falcataria moluccana) material has developed rapidly and cause the huge wastes. Lignocellulosic materials, such as sengon sawdust, offer a great potential as cheap and abundant feedstock for biofuels production. Ozone oxidation pretreatment was carried out on sengon wastes to improve fermentable sugar production by enzymatic saccharification. Sengon wood (SW), sengon media (SM), and sengon spent media (SMM), that was waste of media after mushroom cultivation, treated with ozone for different treatment time were enzymatically saccharified. Then the decrease of hydrolysis weight, reducing sugar yield, and monosaccharide yields were determined. Ozone treatment resulted in Klason lignin degradation in the all samples, resulting in the improvement of subsequent enzymatic saccharification. Ozone treatment with the duration more than 30 min was not suitable for SMM sample. Glucose yield after saccharification from the ozone-treated sample for 60 min was the highest among all samples in SW and SM treated, but for SMM it was 30 min. Based on these results, we concluded that mushroom cultivation can reduce the ozone time treatment and it is an effective treatment to improve sugar yield by enzymatic saccharification of sengon wastes. Gabungan Pra-perlakuan Ozonolisis dan Budidaya Jamur Sebelum Sakarifikasi Enzimatis Serbuk Kayu Sengon (Falcataria moluccana)IntisariIndustri kayu berbahan baku kayu sengon (Falcataria moluccana) saat ini tengah berkembang dengan sangat pesat dan hal ini menyebabkan timbulnya banyak limbah kayu sengon. Materi lignosellulosa, seperti limbah serbuk kayu sengon, merupakan potensi yang sangat baik sebagai bahan baku bio-fuel karena murah dan banyak tersedia. Praperlakuan dengan oksidasi ozon pada limbah kayu sengon dilakukan untuk meningkatkan produksi gula reduksi melalui proses sakarifikasi enzimatis. Serbuk sengon (SW), media sengon (SM), dan limbah media sengon (SMM), yang merupakan sisa dari media budidaya jamur, diberi perlakuan dengan ozon pada berbagai lama waktu perlakuan. Sampel yang sudah diberi perlakuan ozon tersebut kemudian dianalisis kandungan kimianya dan di-sakarifikasi secara enzimatis. Selanjutnya diukur laju hidrolisis, kadar gula pereduksi, dan kadar monosakarida. Perlakuan dengan ozon menyebabkan degradasi kadar Klason lignin di semua sampel, sehingga mengakibatkan peningkatan kemampuan sakarifikasi dari enzim. Perlakuan ozon dengan lama waktu lebih dari 30 menit tidak sesuai untuk sampel SMM. Kadar glukosa hasil sakarifikasi yang tinggi diperoleh dari sampel SW dan SM yang diberi perlakuan ozon selama 60 menit, serta SMM yang diberi perlakuan 30 menit. Berdasarkan hasil ini, dapat disimpulkan bahwa perlakuan jamur dapat mengurangi lama waktu perlakuan ozon dan praperlakuan efektif untuk meningkatkan kadar gula reduksi yang dihasilkan dari sakarifikasi enzimatis limbah kayu sengon.
Dampak Keterbukaan Tajuk terhadap Kelimpahan Tumbuhan Bawah pada Tegakan Pinus oocarpa Schiede dan Agathis alba (Lam) Foxw.
Authors: Purnomo Danang Wahyu , Usmadi Didi , Hadiah Julisasi Tri
Published: March 2018

Keberadaan tumbuhan bawah sebagai akibat adanya bukaan tajuk merupakan keuntungan tersendiri bagi ekosistem lokal termasuk penyediaan nutrisi bagi tegakan yang ada. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi dampak keterbukaan tajuk terhadap keragaman tumbuhan bawah. Metode pengambilan data dilakukan menggunakan line transect dengan plot 2 m × 2 m dengan arah memotong garis kontur pada tegakan Pinus oocarpa, Agathis alba, dan hutan alam sebagai pembanding. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa keragaman tumbuhan bawah pada semua tegakan tergolong tinggi, dimana indeks keragaman pada tegakan Pinus oocarpa sebesar 3,19, tegakan Agathis alba sebesar 3,19, dan hutan alam sebesar 3,48. Hasil analisis regresi menunjukkan bahwa semakin tinggi prosentase tutupan tajuk maka keragaman jenis akan semakin berkurang. Pengurangan tutupan tajuk sebesar 100% akan menghasilkan kenaikan indeks keragaman sebesar 2,11. Kegiatan penjarangan atau perampingan tegakan perlu dilakukan pada tegakan pinus di tegakan pinus di Petak 43 Lebak Siu (nilai rerata tutupan tajuk/X=0,7 dan Petak 44 Rangkahan (X= 0,65), serta pada tegakan agathis di Petak 55 Kompos (X =0,51) dan Petak 55 Pancuran (X= 0,50). Pembabatan tumbuhan bawah perlu dilakukan untuk jenis-jenis eksotis yang berpotensi invasif seperti Clidermia hirta, Disporum uniflorum, dan Nephrolepis exaltata untuk mempertahankan kelestarian jenis asli. Impacts of Canopy Gap to the Understory Plants Abundance on Stands of Pinus oocarpa Schiede and Agathis alba (Lam.) Foxw.AbstractUnderstory plant existed by canopy gap is distinct advantages for the local ecosystem, including the provision of nutrition for the forest stand. The research aimed to identify impacts of canopy gap to the understory plants abundance. Data were collected using line transect method, which a plot (2 m × 2 m) was placed on opposite direction with contour line in Pinus oocarpa stand, Agathis alba stand, and the natural forest as a control. The results showed that diversity of understory in all stands was high, i.e. Diversity Index (H’) of pine stands was 3.19, agathis stands was 3.19, and the natural forest was 3.4. Regression analysis showed a higher value of canopy cover significantly decreased species diversity. Reduction of 100% canopy cover would result in an increase of diversity index of 2.11. Thinning and pruning were required on pine stands in Block 43 Lebak Siu (canopy cover average/ X=0.7) and Block 44 Rangkahan (X=0.65) as well as agathis stands in Block 55 Kompos (X =0.51) and Block 55 Pancuran (X=0.50). Clearing was required to the exotic plants i.e. Clidermia hirta, Disporum uniflorum, and Nephrolepis exaltata to maintain the sustainability of native species.
The Money that Never Sleeps: Bureaucratic Movement and Vote Buying Dynamics in Bolaang Mongondow, North Sulawesi
Authors: Sumampouw Nono
Published: March 2018

Financial gifts have been an important, albeit not the only, factor in gathering voter support during regional elections in Indonesia. This article seeks to explore the 'dawn attacks' (serangan fajar) of vote buying in Bolaang Mongondow Regency, a practice that is socially required to gain votes during regional elections. Furthermore, this article explores how vote buying through personal finances and bureaucratic mobilisation has become a dominant factor in regional elections, far more important than institutional resources and conservative political instruments such as political parties. Despite Bolaang Mongondow being a region expected to offer little political and economic potential for vote buying at a massive scale—this regency is far from the national political mainstream, and most residents live quite prosperous and could fulfil their basic needs—these 'dawn attacks' have continued on a massive scale during regional elections. Furthermore, this article explains the context, background, and rationale underlying the practice of vote buying as well as the main actors involved. This article also offers an empirical comparative and theoretical perspective regarding vote buying.
Valoración por el consumidor de las características hedónicas, nutritivas y saludables del amaranto
Authors: Aragón Gutiérrez Carlos , Ramírez Valverde Benito , Montero Simó María José , Araque Padilla Rafael Ángel , Pérez Barea José Javier
Published: March 2018

La finalidad del estudio es conocer en qué medida los consumidores valoran las propiedades sensoriales, hedónicas, nutritivas y saludables de alimentos con alto valor nutritivo, como es el caso del amaranto. El estudio se fundamentó en la teoría del Valor Percibido por el Consumidor (VPC) y para obtener la información se utilizó un cuestionario con preguntas cerradas, aplicado a una muestra de 341 consumidores. Para el análisis estadístico se utilizó un modelo de ecuaciones estructurales. Los resultados obtenidos indican que el precio y la calidad, son los componentes más importantes en la conformación del VPC en el amaranto, en tanto que sus características hedónicas están muy cerca de equipararse con esos dos componentes. La nutrición es la que menos contribuyó a la creación del VPC, y en cuanto a sus propiedades benéficas para la salud, éstas son desconocidas por la mayoría de los encuestados.
Las luces del cielo de la Iglesia (1747) de Antonio de Paz y Salgado: la retórica del poder en la proclamación del arzobispado de Guatemala
Authors: Sánchez Mora Alexánder
Published: March 2018

La relación de fiestas Las luces del cielo de la Iglesia (1747) muestra la complejidad pragmática de este género discursivo, tan popular durante el periodo virreinal. En el relato de la elevación arzobispal de la sede guatemalteca confluyen múltiples intereses: algunos generales como la lealtad a la monarquía y la exaltación del poder eclesiástico, y otros particulares como la promoción de la figura autorial y la defensa del nuevo arzobispo.
Pedro Vicente Cañete: un ilustrado criollo contrarrevolucionario en Charcas (1808-1814)
Authors: Peralta Ruiz Víctor , Moreno Cebrián Alfredo
Published: March 2018

Este trabajo aborda la trayectoria política de un ilustrado criollo, el abogado Pedro Vicente Cañete, y su oposición a los procesos autonomistas que estallaron en Montevideo, Charcas, La Paz y Buenos Aires en el marco de la crisis de la monarquía hispánica de 1808. Se argumentará que Cañete fue uno de los escasos ilustrados fidelistas implicados en una contienda jurídica y política con los ideólogos de las revoluciones hispanoamericanas. Su doctrina regalista se basó en una lectura de la realidad que cuestionaba el que una junta de gobierno provincial pudiera ser depositaria temporal de la majestad real, en calidad de pueblo soberano, y que, con ese pretexto, pudiera imponer su jurisdicción a la Audiencia de Charcas.
Encomiendas vacas y rentas de don Pedro Tesifón Moctezuma y su familia en la primera mitad del siglo XVII
Authors: Jiménez Abollado Francisco Luis
Published: March 2018

Las encomiendas vacas fueron una de las mercedes que a principios del siglo XVII fueron concedidas a don Pedro Tesifón Moctezuma —heredero del mayorazgo que fundó su abuelo e hijo de Moctezuma II, don Pedro Moctezuma Tlacahuepantzin—, junto con sus cuatro hermanos. Esta merced de 7.000 ducados, descontando 1.000  que se vincularon al mayorazgo a perpetuidad, estuvo en manos de la familia Moctezuma durante todo el siglo XVII.
Carlos Contreras y Luis Miguel Glave, editores. "La independencia del Perú. ¿Concedida, conseguida, concebida?" Lima: Instituto de Estudios Peruanos, 2015. 491 pp.
Authors: Morán Daniel
Published: March 2018

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SINTESIS ETIL LAURAT DARI ASAM LAURAT MENGGUNAKAN KATALIS ASAM SULFAT PEKAT
Authors: Nursyafinah Andi , Nurhaeni Nurhaeni , Rahim Erwin Abdul
Published: March 2018

The aims of these research are to find out the comparison of the ratio of lauric acid molar and ethanol  (m/v), the time of mixing and the best catalyst volume to produce lauric ethyl with the highest degree of esterification by using volumetric method. Synthesize of ethyl lauric from lauric acid with ethanol did by using thick sulphate acid p.a as the catalyst with comparison of lauric acid with ratio 1:3, 1:4, 1:5, 1:6, 1:7. The variation of mixing time are 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 hour. The catalyst variation are 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 mL. This research used random variable in the confidence interval 95%. The result of this research showed that the best molar lauric acid ratio and ethanol is 1: 7 (m/v) and esterification degree is 59,701 %. The best mixing time is 5 hour, and esterification is 53,283%, While catalyst volume variation is 1 mL with esterification degree 87,611 % Keywords : Lauric Acid, Ethyl Lauric, Esterification Degree, Volumetric Method
A tradução desobediente do poeta Douglas Diegues
Authors: Camargo Thais Ferreira Pompêo de
Published: March 2018

Este artigo buscar ampliar o conceito de tradução embasado nas teorias de Walter Benjamin, Haroldo de Campos, Néstor García Canclini e John Milton, aproximando-o da crítica cultural. Busca também, a partir do conceito aumentado de tradução, analisar a obra de Douglas Diegues, cuja poética é cuidadosamente construída e enraizada sobre bases ligadas ao conceito de tradução criativa. O poeta brasileiro escreve em portunhol selvagem (mistura entre o português, espanhol e guarani), língua literária desobediente que funciona como ponte, aproximando diversas culturas que coabitam a América Latina. Uma narrativa poética que culmina na tradução de obras canônicas para o portunhol selvagem, prática batizada por ele de transdeliração. Dessa forma, o poeta, astutamente, cria diálogo e arcabouço retóricos e subjetivos codificados na língua fronteiriça.
Os cinco sentidos, tradução de Nelson Pimenta: reflexões sobre poesia surda no Youtube
Authors: Santos Carla Cristina Gaia dos , Wielewicki Vera Helena Gomes
Published: March 2018

As Comunidades Surdas encontram nas tecnologias comunicacionais atuais grandes aliados para divulgação e perpetuação de sua literatura, desconstruindo fronteiras geográficas e sociais que, muitas vezes, os isolavam uns dos outros. Se desde o advento da impressa a escrita tem assumido o papel central de transmissão e construção do conhecimento nas mais diversas áreas do saber, a época da comunicação virtual chega para nos lembrar de outras formas nem tão privilegiadas de significar e de comunicar. Através da internet os Surdos partilham suas histórias, poesias, piadas e muito mais. Baseando-nos em pesquisadores como Lévy (2015), Kress (2003) e Lemke (2010), o presente artigo objetiva refletir sobre a poesia Cinco Sentidos, tradução de Nelson Pimenta para a língua brasileira de sinais de Five Senses, do poeta briânico Paul Scott, disponível no ambiente virtual YouTube.
Dimensões irônicas em Ricardo III, de Shakespeare
Authors: Garcia Pedro Piccoli
Published: March 2018

Analisa-se, no artigo, as diferentes formas com que a ironia se efetiva em um texto literário. Parte-se do pressuposto de que a ironia configura, ao mesmo tempo, uma figura de linguagem, como uma sentença que anula a si mesma na medida em que orienta o leitor a rejeitar seu significado literal; e uma visão de mundo, na medida em que implica uma postura de negação de uma realidade. À luz dos preceitos de D.C. Muecke e Søren Kierkegaard, busca-se identificar as dimensões irônicas da peça Ricardo III, de William Shakespeare, e refletir acerca delas.
Dialética da marginalidade: “Malagueta, Perus e Bacanaço”
Authors: Freire Manoel
Published: March 2018

O submundo dos marginalizados constitui matéria privilegiada nos contos de João Antonio, cujas personagens representam indivíduos que vivem à margem do processo econômico, excluídos do mercado de consumo e privados de direitos e garantias inerentes ao cidadão comum, sobrevivendo por meio de expedientes como jogo, furto, prostituição, tráfico e outros artifícios ilegais que caracterizam a malandragem. Este artigo analisa alguns modos de figuração da malandragem no conto “Malagueta, Perus e Bacanaço”, buscando entendê-la como estratégia de sobrevivência dos marginalizados.
“Procuro chocar e estranhar o leitor” Grande Sertão:Veredas – A poética da criação e da tradução
Authors: Zilly Berthold
Published: March 2018

Este artigo, motivado pelo projeto de uma nova tradução alemã de Grande Sertão: Veredas, de João Guimarães Rosa, tece reflexões sobre o texto-fonte diante de reais e possíveis estratégias em versões estrangeiras. Estas são parte da fortuna crítica e ao mesmo tempo ferramenta interpretativa, pois o traduzir permite uma abordagem hermenêutica privilegiada, rastreando, desvendando e tentando reconfigurar o “modo de designar” (Benjamin) de um texto, sua “lógica do estar-produzido” (Adorno), suas “operações formadoras” (H. de Campos). Para Rosa, a poética da criação deve guiar a poética da tradução, visando ao desvio sistemático com respeito à lingua-padrão, musicalidade, composição elíptica, efeitos de choque, estranhamento, hermetismo e sugestividade. Uma microanálise comparativa de seis frases do início do romance em nove traduções permite aventar a hipótese de que nos últimos cinquenta anos vem ocorrendo certa reorientação de estratégias domesticadoras para outras mais e estrangeirizantes, mais próximas do autor e de seu próprio texto.
Il Guarany e Ubiraiara: os romances de José de Alencar na Itália
Authors: Bezerra Valéria Cristina
Published: March 2018

José de Alencar foi um dos autores brasileiros mais traduzidos no século XIX e seus romances tiveram versões em diferentes idiomas, como inglês, alemão, francês e italiano. Essa faceta das obras desse escritor tem sido objeto de redescoberta por meio de estudos que procuram analisar os sentidos dessas traduções em seu tempo e o impacto que causaram na imagem da literatura brasileira. Este artigo se propõe a verificar a presença dos romances de José de Alencar na Itália a fim de compreender a relevância das traduções de suas obras em um contexto internacional de circulação de impressos, durante um período em que as trocas culturais marcaram o processo de criação das identidades literárias nacionais.
Listas literárias e suas indicações: a divulgação da literatura brasileira no exterior
Authors: Tragino Arnon
Published: March 2018

Umberto Eco (2010), em A vertigem das listas, reflete que é possível estudar a literatura por meio de suas listas: o conjunto de autores e obras que atuam como indicadores de leitura para a divulgação daquilo que se tornou um legado social, na medida em que constituíram representações estéticas. Fora do Brasil, a literatura brasileira também depende de divulgações desse tipo, como em 501 grandes escritores, de Julian Patrick (2009). O artigo então investiga como essa obra estabelece uma imagem de literatura brasileira que é recomendada para o contato principalmente com leitores estrangeiros comuns, não especialistas dos estudos literários. Assim, analisamos o livro sob o prisma de Eco (2010), observando o conjunto formado por autores brasileiros; Carpeaux (2010), que pensa a relação entre a história da literatura e o cânone como indicações de leitura; e Chartier (2009), para entendermos a apropriação dos objetos culturais pelos leitores.
ADJACENCY PAIRS AS UTTERED IN THE CONVERSATIONS OF SOFIA COPPOLA’S LOST IN TRANSLATION MOVIE SCRIPT
Authors: Mudra Heri
Published: March 2018

This paper contains a discussion of the structures of Adjacency Pairs as uttered in the conversations of Lost in Translation movie script in terms of conversational analysis study. A conversation consists of at least two turns and two utterances which contain two acts of speech. Such utterances consisting of a first pair part which is followed by a second pair part form adjacent pairs which can be either preferred or dispreferred responses. Adjacency Pairs in term of preferred responses include twenty eight structures, while those in term of dispreferred responses include fourteen structures. The choice of a variety of responses is influenced by habits and cultures through which speakers convey meaning. Different habits and cultures of the speakers allow them to produce particular utterances which contain particular acts of speech. Subjectivity and intention influence the second speaker to respond the first speaker’s act based on what is intended. This is psychologically subjective rather than illogical. The complex structures of Adjacency Pairs are also caused by noises, unclear voices, and complex sentence patterns. The variations of adjacent pairs are basically contextual and situational which imply that Adjacency Pairs emerge in different structures within different contexts of conversations.          Keywords: Adjacency pairs, turn taking, conversation, speech act, utterance PASANGAN BERDAMPINGAN PADA UJARAN PERCAKAPAN DI NASKAH FILM LOST IN TRANSLATION KARYA SOFIA COPPOLAAbstrakArtikel ini berisi pembahasan tentang pola Pasangan Berdampingan berdasarkan ujaran percakapan pada naskah filem Lost in Translation melalui teori analisis percakapan. Percakapan terdiri atas dua giliran and ujaran yang mengandung dua tindak tutur. Ujaran-ujaran yang terdiri atas bagian berdampingan pertama dan diikuti bagian berdampingan kedua sehingga membentuk pasangan berdampingan baik dengan respon yang diharapkan maupun yang tidak diharapkan. Pasangan Berdampingan khususnya respon yang diharapkan terdiri atas dua puluh delapan pola berdampingan, sedangkan respon yang tidak diharapkan terdiri atas empat belas pola. Ragam respon dapat dipengaruhi oleh kebiasaan dan budaya pembicara pada saat berbicara. Perbedaan kebiasaan dan budaya mempengaruhi pembicara dalam membuat ujaran yang mengandung tindak tutur tertentu. Subjektifitas dan intensi juga dapat mempengaruhi respon pembicara kedua terhadap tindak tutur pembicara pertama. Hal ini bersifat subjektif namun bukan tidak logis. Pola yang komplels pada Pasangan Berdampingan juga dapat dipengaruhi oleh suasana ribut, suara yang kurang jelas, dan struktur kalimat yang kompleks. Ragam pola tersebut pada dasarnya bersifat kontekstual dan situasional yang berarti bahwa pola Pasangan Berdampingan akan berbeda pada konteks percakapan yang berbeda.   Kata kunci: Pasangan berdampingan, giliran berbicara, konversasi, tindak tutur, ujaran