bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Katyane e Tiaozinho em uma viagem interplanetária
Authors: Macedo Yuri Cavaleiro de , Vasconcelos Sinaida Maria
Published: December 2021

Estamos te convidando para fazer essa viagem interplanetária com Katyane e Tiãozinho, cuja missão é encontrar em nosso sistema planetário outro corpo celeste para o qual a espécie humana e outras espécies viventes possam migrar, uma vez que, no ano de 2040, as condições ambientais de nosso planeta estão atingindo o limite de tolerância para a existência de vida na terra.
Regionalization and public investment: Analysis of the transfers of the Ministry of Tourism (MTur) in the state of Rio de Janeiro
Authors: SİLVA Rodrigo Cardoso , FONSECA Maria Aparecida Pontes Da
Published: December 2021

This article is dedicated to understanding the intertwining of two materializations of public Tourism actions, namely: the Tourism Regionalization Program (PRT) and the investments made by the Ministry of Tourism (MTur). This is a gap in the studies of public tourism policies, when trying to understand the effectiveness of public actions by the applied financial instruments (González, 2014). Thus, it is intended to align the resources allocated to the municipalities with the Tourism Regionalization Map, in order to spatialize these actions, discover possible concentrations and deepen the debate about ministerial action. Then, it is also intended to classify the use of public resources into categories of use (1 – Public Square; 2 – Event Support; 3 – Infrastructure; 4 – Urbanization; 5 – Management Actions; 6 – Attractions; 7 – Gantries; 8 – Tourist Sign). The spatial focus of the research will be the state of Rio de Janeiro, the choice of this federative unit was due to its significant power of attracting international tourists, as well as being a consolidated destination in the Brazilian domestic market. The time frame starts in 2004, as it is the first year of implementation of the Tourism Regionalization Program (PRT), and ends in 2016, due to the data from the Transfer Contracts System of the Ministry of Tourism (SIACOR) having this limitation. About 478 agreements established between MTur and the municipalities of RJ were analyzed. The main results point to a distribution of resources without technical criteria. Among the 10 municipalities that received the most resources from MTur, at least 4 (São João do Meriti, Itaborai, Maricá and Nova Iguaçu) have no tourist representation and no relevant tourist attractions, or even belong to Tourism production chains. The main category of use of MTur resources in RJ are: Infrastructure (30.3%), Urbanization (21%) and Public Squares (19.5%). The development of tourist attractions accounted for only 9.1% of all investment. In addition, the research points to important tourist municipalities in the state of RJ (Itatiaia and Cabo frio) that did not receive any agreement or funding from MTur. This paper contributes to elucidating the way MTur operates through the distribution of resources and their uses for the development of Tourism policies in the last decade.
The future of the state as a form and method existence of human: perspectives and contradictions
Authors: Panischev Alexey
Published: December 2021

This article is devoted to the question of the future of state as a form and a way of human and society entity. It is noted that a state is a part of anthropology entity, therefore, supported by high level of intellectual and moral development of society. In the conditions of anthropology crisis the state transforms and terminates existence as a state in the traditional meaning.
Past and present of the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation: formation and change of parameters of its constitutional and legal model
Authors: Kryazhkov Vladimir A.
Published: December 2021

The article is devoted to the evolution of the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation over 30 years. It is shown how pre-revolutionary ideas about a state body capable of protecting the Basic Law were formed, the attitude towards it in the USSR – from complete denial to recognition of the permissibility of its embedding under certain conditions in the system of Soviet power. The approaches related to the establishment and creation of the initial legislative foundations of the Constitutional Court in perestroika Russia, oriented to the European model of constitutional justice, are considered. The prerequisites, content and process of transformation of the key elements of this model in the post-crisis period (1993 - 1994), their subsequent changes (2001 - 2018) and radical renewal as a result of the constitutional reform of 2020 are analyzed.
The modern meaning of understanding the essence and idea of the state
Authors: Chernyavsky Alexandr
Published: December 2021

The article presents the authors' view on the question of what purpose the whole state life serves and what limits should be given to its activities. The authors proceed from the position that the worst side of any coup d’etat is a quick break with the entire socio-political past. The authors estimate that civil society is recognized as far from identical with political society. The authors believe that the understanding of the actual essence of the state, corresponding to the time, largely depends on how society solves the question of what is solid and essential in state life and social phenomena and what is imaginary, and sometimes imposed.
Conflict of laws regulation of the international family relations in the Russian Federation (legislation and jurisprudence)
Authors: Get’man-Pavlova Irina
Published: December 2021

Russian conflict of laws rules that determine the choice of law applicable to marriage and family relations associated with foreign law and order came into force in 1995 and have been in effect for more than 25 years. Despite the fact that this problem has been studied in great detail in the Russian legal doctrine, the relevance of the analysis of conflict of laws rules set forth in the Family Code of the Russian Federation is by no means exhausted due to the large-scale reform of the rules of Private International Law in the Civil Code of the Russian Federation and the current legislative regulation of international family relations in other States. The article concludes that conflict of laws regulation of the international family relations in the Russian Federation adopted more than 25 years ago needs serious modernization. It is reasonable to carry out the corresponding updating in the following directions: maximum specification of the content of conflict of laws rules for the purpose of more differentiated regulation of the family relations; establishment of a complex and detailed system of the connecting factors aimed at correct determination of the law the most closely connected with the relation and decision-making; the expansion of possibility of choice of the applicable law to divorce and property relations; application of the law the most favorable for a child should become a dominating connecting factor.
COMMENTS TO THE QUEEN OF SPADES: 11–16
Authors:   Institute of Slavic Studies at Heidelberg Universit, Bezrodny Mikhail Vladimirovich
Published: December 2021

The analysis of the playing card terms paroles and paroles-pe clarifies why the secret of the three sure cards made Chaplitsky win back his loss, but proved fatal to Hermann. Besides, the report comments on the epigraph to the third chapter of Pushkin’s novella, as well as on the literary sources of the late Countess’s visit to the protagonist; it is specified which particular pistol Hermann used to threaten her, and what gerboviielenty are.
A SIMPLE WAY TO DISCUSS COMPLICATED THINGS: A BOOK FOR CLOSE READING
Authors:   Pushkin Leningrad State University, Demidova Olga Rostislavovna
Published: December 2021

[Review]: Liapushkina E. I. Literaturnaia germenevtika: teoriia i praktika / Pod red. E. N. Grigor’evoi. SPb.: Rostok, 2020. 400 s.
RUSSIAN LITERATURE AND BRITISH MODERNISM FROM THE STANDPOINT OF NON-LINEAR CROSS-CULTURAL INTERFERENCES
Authors:   Institute of Russian Literature (the Pushkin House), Russian Academy of Sciences, Arshinova Irina Vladimirovna
Published: December 2021

[Review:] Beasley R. Russomania. Russian Culture and the Creation of British Modernism, 1881–1922. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2020. 560 p.
ON THE GENRES OF THE GOLDEN AGE LYRICAL POETRY
Authors:   Institute of Russian Literature (the Pushkin House), Russian Academy of Sciences, Virolainen M.N.
Published: December 2021

The article refutes the traditional view that in Pushkin’s era the poetics of genres was replaced by the poetics of stable styles. The genre certainty, characteristic for the early lyrical works of the leading poets of the time, is described. It is demonstrated that the phenomenon often identifi ed as the blending or the diffusion of lyrical poetry genres in the 1820s and 1830s is a complex genre orchestration based on a clearcut differentiation of genres.
ALEXANDER PUSHKIN’S ODE «TO THE SLANDERERS OF RUSSIA» IN THE CONTEXT OF THE FRENCH MASS MEDIA
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University, Belousov Mikhail Sergeevich , Belousov Alexander Sergeevich ,   St. Petersburg State University
Published: December 2021

The article offers an interpretation of Alexander Pushkin’s ode «To the Slanderers of Russia» in the context of the analysis of French mass media. As a part of the research work, the comparative analysis of the various articles in the French newspapers and of the poem was performed. The sources used by the poet in writing the work are established, they seem to prove its multidimensional and multidirectional character.
Ch. V. dʼArlincourt: On the «fashionable» writer of the 1820s
Authors:   Institute of Russian Literature (the Pushkin House), Russian Academy of Sciences, Dmitrieva Nina
Published: December 2021

This article discusses the extraordinary literary popularity of a rather mediocre French writer — Ch. V. dʼArlincourt (1789—1856). DʼArlincourt was an author of adventure novels. In the 1820s, his writings were bestsellers both in France and in Russia. Pushkin mentions this in his poem “Count Nulin”, comparing his name with the name of the poet Lamartine, whose poems also enjoyed great success at this time. Although dʼArlincourtʼs novels received scathing criticism, they ultimately prevailed over Lamartineʼs poetry in their readership.
From the Epistolary Heritage of the Poet Ivan A. Kostin: Correspondence with V. I. Malyshev and I. N. Zavoloko
Authors:   Institute of Russian Literature, Russian Academy of Science, Pigin Alexander V.
Published: December 2021

The article presents a study and publication of the correspondence of the poet Ivan Alekseevich Kostin (1931–2015) from Petrozavodsk with the archaeographer Vladimir Ivanovich Malyshev (1910–1976), who held a Doctor of Sciences degree in Philology, and the Old Believer writer and educator Ivan Nikiforovich Zavoloko (1897–1984). The correspondence includes letters and greeting cards (30 in total) from the 1970s to the early 1980s. They are currently stored in the Manuscript Division of the Institute of Russian Literature (Pushkinskij Dom) of the Russian Academy of Sciences in St. Petersburg, the Archive of the Grebenshchikov Old Believer Congregation in Riga, the National Museum of the Republic of Karelia in Petrozavodsk, and the National Archive of the Republic of Karelia, also in Petrozavodsk. Kostin’s letters to Malyshev reveal how the Petrozavodsk poet aided Malyshev in collecting manuscripts for the Ancient Manuscripts Repository (Drevlekhranilishe) in the Institute of Russian Literature (Pushkinskij Dom). The correspondence between Kostin and Zavoloko concerns the history and culture of the Old Believers, the Vygoleksinsky monastery, and the Zaonezhye, and issues pertaining to literary activity and academic studies. The letters make a valuable addition to Kostin’s memoirs about Malyshev and Zavoloko. The article also covers the history of Kostin’s poem dedicated to Archpriest Avvakum. The letters, published in the appendix to the article, are accompanied by comments.
Results of Comprehensive Geophysical Studies on the Search for Crypts on the Territory of Suburban Necropolis of Tauric Chersonese in the Karantinnaya Balka
Authors: Glazunov Vladimir , Ageev Alexey , Gorelik Gleb , Sarapulkina Tatyana
Published: December 2021

The article presents the results of comprehensive studies carried out by the research team of Saint Petersburg Mining University in cooperation with the specialists from the State Museum-Preserve "Tauric Chersonese" in 2019. The purpose of the work was to discover and map antique and medieval crypts (ancient burial structures) on the territory of suburban necropolis of Tauric Chersonese in the Karantinnaya balka. The complex of geophysical methods included continuous ground penetrating radar sounding at two center frequencies of 350 and 500 MHz and contactless electrical tomography. To minimize spatial errors in the process of studies, topographic and geodetic works were carried out. For the first time wave electromagnetic effects were identified, which indicated the positions of hidden underground crypts. Geological factors were established that are favorable for cutting crypts in the layered thickness of Sarmatian limestones. The obtained results allowed to justify the feasibility of continuing geophysical works at the necropolis in order to study interior space of the discovered crypts and to determine the boundaries of archaeological heritage.
Levels of Cadmium (Cd) in Urine in Passive Smokers
Authors: Nurhayana Nurhayana
Published: December 2021

Smoking is a familiar activity in daily life. The existence of filters on cigarettes, causes the danger of cigarette smoke to be felt more by passive smokers. One of the content of cigarette smoke is cadmium (Cd) which is one of the environmental pollutants that are harmful and accumulate in the tissues of living things. The purpose of this study is to measure and describe the levels of Cadmium (Cd) in the urine of passive smokers in RT 03 RW 06 Gandekan Hamlet, Harjosari, Bawen District, Semarang Regency. Using observational (non-experimental) research design with descriptive research criteria. The number of samples of 12 urine from the community of RT 03 RW 06 Gandekan Hamlet, Harjosari, Bawen Subdistrict, Semarang Regency. The results of the examination of Cadmium Levels (Cd) on the 13 samples of passive smoker urine in gandekan RT 01 RW 06 Harjosari Subdistrict, Bawen Subdistrict, Semarang District received the highest level of 0.074 mg/L and the lowest result -0.005 mg/L. Differences in cadmium levels in the passive smoker urine were caused by several factors such as age, environment, health status, occupation, and consumption of antioxidants and milk. Cadmium (Cd) levels in the urine of all passive smokers were in the normal category (2mg/L).
OPTIMIZED ACTION UNITS FEATURES FOR EFFICIENT DESIGN OF DECEPTION DETECTION SYSTEM
Authors: Abd Shaimaa H. , Hashim Ivan A. , Jalal Ali S.
Published: December 2021

Deception detection is becoming an interesting filed in different areas related to security, criminal investigation, law enforcement and terrorism detection. Recently non-verbal features have become essential features for deception detection process. One of the most important kind of these features is facial expression. The importance of these expressions come from the idea that Human face contain different expressions each of which is directly related to a certain state. In this research paper, facial expressions' data are collected for 102 participants (25 women and 77 men) as video clips. There are 504 clips for lie response and 384 for truth response (total 888 video clips). Facial expressions in a form of Action Units (AUs) are extracted for each frame with video clip. The AUs are encoded based on Facial Action Coding System (FACS) which are 18 AUs. These are: AU 1, 2, 4, 5, 6, 7, 9, 10, 12, 14, 15, 17, 20, 23, 25, 26, 28 and 45. Based on the collected data, only six AUs are the most effective and have a direct impact on the discrimination process between liar and truth teller. These AUs are AU 6, 7, 10, 12, 14 and 28
Ductile fracture modeling of metallic materials: a short review
Authors: Fincato Riccardo , Tsutsumi Seiichiro
Published: December 2021

Since the end of the last century a lot of research on ductile damaging and fracture process has been carried out. The interest and the attention on the topic are due to several aspects. The margin to reduce the costs of production or maintenance can be still improved by a better knowledge of the ductile failure, leading to the necessity to overcome traditional approaches. New materials or technologies introduced in the industrial market require new strategies and approaches to model the metal behavior. In particular, the increase of the computational power together with the use of finite elements (FE), extended finite elements (X-FE), discrete elements (DE) methods need the formulation of constitutive models capable of describing accurately the physical phenomenon of the damaging process. Therefore, the recent development of novel constitutive models and damage criteria. This work offers an overview on the current state of the art in non-linear deformation and damaging process reviewing the main constitutive models and their numerical applications.
Crack prediction in beam-like structure using ANN based on frequency analysis
Authors: Seguini Meriem , Djamel Nedjar , Djilali Boutchicha , Khatir Samir , Abdel Wahab Magd
Published: December 2021

The dynamic experimental and numerical analysis of cracked beams has been studied with the aim of quantifying the influence of depth crack on the dynamic response of steel beams. Artificial Neural Method ANN has been used where a numerical simulation was improved in Matlab. A finite element model has also been developed by using the Ansys software, and the obtained results were compared with exact crack length. The study takes into account different hidden layer values in order to determine the sensitivity of the predicted crack depth.  The results show that the response of the beam (frequencies) is strongly related to the crack depth which significantly affects the beam behavior, especially when the crack is very deep where the ANN allows us to identify the crack in lower computational time. Based on the provided results, we can detect that the effect of hidden layer size can affect the results.
Residual Force Method for damage identification in a laminated composite plate with different boundary conditions
Authors: Behtani Amar , Tiachacht Samir , Khatir Tawfiq , Khatir Samir , Abdel Wahab Magd , Benaissa Brahim
Published: December 2021

The strongest point about damage identification based on the dynamic measurements, is the ability perform structural health evaluation globally. Researchers in the last few years payed more attention to damage indicators based on modal analysis using either frequencies, mode shapes, or Frequency Response Functions (FRFs). This paper presents a new application of damage identification in a cross-ply (0°/90°/0°) laminated composite plate based on Force Residual Method (FRM) damage indicator. Considering single and multiple damages with different damage levels. As well as investigating the SSSS and CCCC boundary conditions effect on the estimation accuracy. Moreover, a white Gaussian noise is introduced to test the challenge the technique. The results show that the suggested FRM indicator provides accurate results under different boundary conditions. Favouring the SSSS boundary condition than the CCCC for 3% noise.
On the assessment of non-metallic inclusions by part 13 of API 579 -1/ASME FFS-1 2016
Authors: González-Velázquez Jorge Luis , Entezari Ehsan , Szpunar Jerzy A.
Published: December 2021

Improvement of nondestructive inspection techniques has allowed more frequent detection of closely spaced zones of non-metallic inclusions in pressure vessels made of low carbon steel. In the present study, closely spaced inclusions in an in-service cylindrical horizontal pressure vessel were detected by Scan-C ultrasonic inspection and considered as laminations to be assessed by Part 13 of the API 579-1/ASME FFS-1 2016 standard. The outcoming results were considered as a rejection for Level 1 assessment, and a repair or replacement of the component was required, even though it retained a significant remaining strength. Thus, an alternative procedure to assess the mechanical integrity of pressure vessels containing zones of non-metallic inclusions is proposed by adopting some criteria of the API 579-1/ASME FFS-1 Part 13 standard procedure and taking into consideration the dimensions and grouping characteristics of the inclusion zones.
Mode I stress intensity factor with various crack types
Authors: Samir Mohamed Mohamed Soliman Ehab
Published: December 2021

Presence of cracks in mechanical components needs much attention, where the stress field is affected by cracks and the propagation of cracks may be occurred causing the damage. The objective of this paper is to present an investigation of crack type effect on crack severity in a finite plate. Three cases of cracked plate with three different types of cracks are assumed in this work, i.e., single edge crack, center crack and double edge crack. 2D numerical models of cases of cracked plate are established in finite element analysis (FEA), ANSYS software by adopting PLANE 183 element. Values of FEA mode I stress intensity factor SIF and Von-Mises stress at crack apex are determined for cases of cracked plate under tensile stress with different values. To identify the crack severity, the comparison of FEA results for different cracked cases is made. The comparison showed that, single edge cracked plate (SECP) has the maximum values of mode I SIF and Von-Mises stress at crack apex, i.e. the greatest crack severity is considered. Also, values of FEA Von-Mises stress at crack apex for center cracked plate (CCP) are moderate and for double edge cracked plate (DECP) are the minimum. Besides, in case of high crack lengths, it is found that, FEA results of mode I SIF in case of (CCP) are higher than those of in case of (DECP). Consequently, crack severity is considered as moderate in case of (CCP) and the minimum in case of (DECP). Empirical formulas are used to approximately estimate mode I SIF for all the case studies of cracked plate in this study and the results are compared to those of FEA. A good agreement between analytical and FEA results has been showed by this comparison.
Fatigue strength evaluation of PPGF35 by energy approach during mechanical tests
Authors: Risitano Giacomo
Published: December 2021

Thanks to the progress of research on thermoplastic materials, the properties of composite materials have improved considerably. The aim of this study is the evaluation of fatigue strength of glass-fibre-reinforced polypropylene composite (PPGF35) by applying both the Risitano Thermographic Method (RTM) and the new Static Thermographic Method (STM).
Methodical basis of formation of digital space performance of contractual construction works
Authors: Bondar O.A. , Medyanyk V.Yu , Pokolenko V.O. , Bushuyeva N.S. , Mudra M.S.
Published: December 2021

A system of adaptive methodology is proposed, which is formed with the help of applied tools of construction organization and targeted organizational-technological and administrative development for the implementation of large-scale construction projects through the format of a special development company.
On the basis of step-by-step modeling, scenario-simulation and stochastic adjustment, subsequent multicriteria evaluation (according to 4 criteria) of the toolkit subsystem, the final index-priority of one alternative to the MBDP cycle organization is determined in relation to another. and KFOR) on technological, functional and cost characteristics of the MBDP cycle, in which the organization of construction is the most complex in terms of functional and technical content, and the preparatory phase (including the formation of an effective administrative structure) is most responsible for the targeted use of resources for project product formation, with preset parameters.
The results of the study were transformed into a system of application software modules "BIM-modules of construction organization for MBDP". This set of programs (as a result of its implementation in construction practice) creates a scientific and applied means of training, organizational and technological, content-functional and administrative support of the MBDP cycle corresponding to modern needs of the construction market and the system of construction development.
The scientific and theoretical value of the study is that for the first time from the standpoint of modern realities of the construction market of Ukraine and the requirements of development in housing construction, developed a methodology for construction as part of a single cycle of administration managed by a temporary enterprise-special development company. A fundamental change in the tools of construction organization has been implemented, in which the advantages of organizational and technological models of updated type and content are combined with the capabilities of BIM-technologies, structural reengineering, which ultimately provides reliable preventive (before or at the beginning of the project implementation cycle) structural decisions on the basis of stage-by-stage, multicriteria examination of decisions, with possible detection of influence of these decisions on final results of the project both for the customer, the developer, and for the organizations-executors.
Comparing the Effects of Core Stability and Williams Training on Dynamic Balance and Back Pain in Women With Chronic Back Pai
Authors:   Sport Medicine Research Center, Najafabad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Najafabad, Iran., Zahedi Hamid , Kiyani Raziyeh ,   Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Najafabad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Najafabad, Iran.
Published: December 2021

Introduction: This research aimed to compare the effects of the Williams and core stability training on dynamic balance and back pain in women with chronic back pain. Materials and Methods: In total, 45 women with chronic back pain were selected as the available sample and were randomly divided into 3 groups of 15 participants, including core stability, Williams, and control. Before the beginning and the end of the training period, the dynamic balance with the Star Excursion Balance Test (SEBT) and low back pain with Québec Questionnaire was measured. To analyze the obtained data, Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA) was used in SPSS at P<0.05. Results: The present study findings revealed a significant difference in core stability and Williams training on dynamic balance and improvement in the extent of low back pain in the study participants. There was a significant difference between the training groups in dynamic balance; however, there was no significant difference in the improvement of low back pain between the experimental groups. Conclusion: To improve dynamic balance, a core stability training program is recommended, and Williams’ flexor movements are more appropriate for reducing low back pain.
Effects of Aerobic Exercises on Patients With Coronary Artery Disease
Authors:   Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University Campus 2, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran., Rahmani-Nia Farhad , Layegh Arash ,   Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University Campus 2, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran., Aslanabadi Naser ,   Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
Published: December 2021

Introduction: Prescribing the Adrenergic beta-Antagonists is very common in treating cardiovascular diseases. The aim of this study was to compare the effects of aerobic training in patients with coronary artery disease, prescribed two different types of beta-blockers (selective and non- selective) on the patient's lipid profile (Lipoproteins) and FBS (Blood Glucose). Materials and Methods: Sixty patients with coronary artery disease, aged 45-65 years, were compared in two groups of selective (n=36) and non-selective (n=24) users of beta-blockers. The training program consisted of 8 weeks of aerobic exercise on the treadmill (3 sessions per week, about 50 minutes per session, with an intensity of 40% to 60% of the heart rate reserve). Each study patient’s lipid profile and FBS level were obtained before the onset of the study and after the end of the intervention. The collected data were analyzed using repeated-measures Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). Results: In the selective group, lipid profile and FBS did not significantly change. In the non-selective group, FBS and triglyceride levels were significantly reduced after the intervention; however, HDL, LDL, and total cholesterol levels were not significantly changed (P>0.05). Conclusion: The results of this study showed that aerobic training in patients with CAD who used non-selective beta-blockers has more positive effects.
Hip Abductor Muscles Strengthening's Effect on Lower Extremity's Function of Runners With Illitotibial Syndrome
Authors:   Department of Sport Sciences, Faculty of Human Sciences and Sport Sciences, University of Gonbadekavoos, Gonbadekavoos, Iran., Imeri Behrooz , Gheitasi Mehdi ,   Department of Health and Rehabilitation in Sport, Faculty of Sport Science and Health, University of Shahid Beheshti, Tehran, Iran.
Published: December 2021

Introduction: Iliotibial Band Syndrome (ITBS) is among the most common injuries in distance runners. Thus, the present study investigated the effect of a special strengthening exercise program for abductor’s muscles according to NSCA protocol, on pain reduction and lower extremity function improvement among elite distance runners with ITBS. Materials and Methods: The subjects of the present study were 32 elite distance runners who were randomly divided into two groups of control and experimental (n=16/group). The experimental group performed the exercise program for 8 weeks; however, the control group followed their routine program. The pain was assessed by the Visual Analogue Scale of pain (VAS) and the lower extremity function was assessed by the Lower Extremity Functional Scale (LEFS). In the statistical procedure, the repeated-measures Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and Bonferroni test was applied to determine the within-group and between-groups differences of the study variables, and for assessing the stability level of protocols’ effect on the experimental group and comparing the stages, respectively. The significance level was considered 0.05, test power as 95%, and effect size as 0.7; SPSS was used for all data analyses. Results: The present study data indicated that the strengthening exercise program on hip abductor muscles caused a significant decrease in pain (P=0.0001). The lower extremity function manifested a significant improvement in the experimental group after 8 weeks of strengthening exercise protocol (P=0.0001); it was durable even 3 months after the end of the exercise program. Conclusion: Hip abductor muscle strengthening, based on NSCA protocol, can be an effective approach in reducing pain and improving lower extremity function in elite distance runners with ITBS.
Effect of Kangoo Jump on Posture Balance and Postural sway of Children with Autism
Authors:   Department of Exercise Rehabilitation, Faculty of Exercise Sciences, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran., Nekouei Paria , Zolaktaf Vahid ,   Department of Exercise Rehabilitation, Faculty of Exercise Sciences, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran., Sadeghi-Demneh Ebrahim ,   Musculoskeletal Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
Published: December 2021

Introduction: Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is among the most common childhood disorders. The current study aimed to investigate the effect of Kangoo Jump (KJ) exercises on dynamic balance and overall postural oscillations in children with ASD. Materials and Methods: This was a quasi-experimental study. Among children with ASD in the Autism Association and Autism Schools in Tehran City, Iran, 20 subjects were selected using screening tests; after assessing the dynamic balance and general postural sway as a pretest, they were randomly divided into two groups of experimental and control. The experimental group performed KJ exercises for 8 weeks; eventually, all individuals were tested for dynamic balance and postural control as a posttest. The obtained data were analyzed using Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA). Results: This study suggested that performing KJ significantly improved the dynamic balance in children with an ASD disorder. There was a significant difference between the mean scores of the control and experimental groups in the posttest stage in dynamic equilibrium (P<0.001); however, no difference was observed between the study groups in postural control. Conclusion: Using KJ to improve dynamic balance in children with ASD is beneficial. Therefore, these interventions can improve various aspects of development and balance in children with ASDs.
The Effect of Eight Weeks of Relaxation Massage on the Mental Fatigue Control, Balance, Lower Extremity Function and Landing Mechanic in Physical Education Students
Authors:   Department of Corrective Exercises and Sport Injuries, Faculty of Sports Sciences, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran., Haidary Manouchehr , Ghivi Marzieh ,   Department of Corrective Exercises and Sport Injuries, Faculty of Sports Sciences, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran.
Published: December 2021

Background and Aims: Mental fatigue usually occurs following prolonged cognitive activity. Mental fatigue is a psychological condition that occurs as a result of long-term cognitive activities. Mental fatigue can have significant effects on the daily life of healthy people. This study aimed to investigate the effect of eight weeks of relaxation massage on the mental fatigue control and balance, lower extremity function, and landing mechanic in physical education students. Methods: This research is a quasi-experimental study, and the statistical population of this study was physical education students. From the statistical population, 30 male students with Mean±SD age= 19.5±5.5 years, weight= 69.6±6.8 kg, height= 187.75±4.5 cm, and sports history= 2.66±1.3 years. They were selected by purposeful and were randomly divided based on Research and Criteria into two groups: control group (n=15) and relaxation massage group (n=15). Before and after relaxation massage, mental exhaustion with 45 minutes of stroke activity (Stroop test), Dynamic Balance with Y test, Semi-dynamic balance with Lafayette Stability Platform, lower extremity function by the Lower Extremity Functional Test (LEFT) test and landing mechanic by LESS, Jump-landing skill film assessment by Auto CAD and Kinovea software were measured. Data analysis was performed in SPSS v. 22 software by using Statistical method of ANOVA test with repeated measures and paired t-test at the significant level P=0.05. Results: The results showed that a significant difference was observed between the relaxation massage group and the control group on lower limb function, landing mechanics, dynamic balance, and semi-dynamic balance of physical education students (P=0.001). Conclusion: Significant changes in lower limb function factors, landing mechanics, dynamic balance, and semi-dynamic balance in physical education students after relaxation massage exercises indicate the importance of this issue. Injury prevention specialists should study and research in introducing strategies to deal with the occurrence of mental fatigue.
Design and Validation of the Equation for Correction of Body Mass Index
Authors:   Department of Sport Sciences, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Birjand, Birjand, Iran., Farjad Pezeshk Abbas , Nokhodchi Nader ,   Department of Sport Sciences, Faculty of Human Sciences, University of Bojnord, Bojnord, Iran., Yousefi Mohammad ,   Department of Sport Sciences, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Birjand, Birjand, Iran., Ilbeigi Saeed ,   Department of Sport Sciences, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Birjand, Birjand, Iran., Farjad Pezeshk Ali ,   Department of Computer Engineering, Faculty of Computer Engineering, Ferdowsi University, Mashhad, Iran.
Published: December 2021

Background and Aims: The Body Mass Index (BMI) is considered one of the most common indexes for examining the health. The purpose of this study was the design and validation of the equations for the accuracy of BMI. Methods: In the current 419 athletic and non-athletic subjects participated in this study. Anthropometrical measurement was performed using International Standard for Anthropometry and Kinanthropometry (ISAK) protocol, and mesomorphic and endomorphic calculated based on the Heath-Carter methods. The Spearman correlation coefficient was used to determine the relationship between BMI and body fat percent, mesomorphic and endomorphic values. Multiple regressions were used to predict BMI. Results: There is a high correlation between BMI with mesomorphic and endomorphic values (P<0.01), but the correlation of BMI with mesomorphic in athletic men was higher than endomorphic (0.77 vs. 0.63). Multiple regression produces some equations for predicting mesomorphic and endomorphic, and bland Altman believes that all equations predict fatness. Conclusion: According to the results, the Equations proposed in this study could appropriately turn BMI to predict body composition so that this equation could determine higher BMI because of the higher muscular mass.
The Effect of one Year of Inactivity Caused by Covid-19 on the Motor Function of the Elderly Living in Care Centers
Authors:   Department of Sport Injuries and Corrective Exercise, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran., Sedaghati Parisa , Tabatabai Asl Seyed Mojtaba ,   Department of Sport Injuries and Corrective Exercise, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran., Rahimi Moghaddam Seyed Reza ,   Research and Technology Council of the General Administration of Sport and Youth of Guilan Province, Rasht, Iran.
Published: December 2021

Background and Aims Although the outbreak of coronavirus has caused problems in all aspects of human life. Still, this disease has caused severe damage to the health of the elderly community and the level of physical activity and free movement of the elderly. This study aimed to investigate the effect of one year of coronavirus limitation on the motor function of the elderly living in care centers. Methods The present study was a cohort study that was conducted in the field. The statistical population of this study was male and female elderly over 60 years of age from two nursing homes in Rash City. Berg functional balance tests evaluated the motor function of the elderly, Timed Up and Go (TUG) Test or fall probability test and walking speed test or 10-meter walk test. Shapiro-Wilk test was used to check the normality of the data, descriptive statistics were used to determine the mean and standard deviation, and paired t-test and McNemar was used to analyze the data and examine the intra-group differences between the data in SPSS software version 26. Results The results of the correlated t-test showed that the time up and go test in the elderly under the influence of one year of movement limitation in the post-coronary period had a significant increase (p=0.001), also in functional balance index (p=0.03) significant changes according to For a year, the elderly had limited mobility. There was a significant decrease in the walking variable (p=0.001) following this period. It also showed a significant increase in the probability of falling index (p=0.021). Conclusion According to the findings of the present study, elderly cares centers and families with the elderly should pay close attention to the need for a level of physical activity and exercise in this critical period of coronation for these people and in addition to planning to increase the level of physical activity These people, they are encouraged to participate in physical activity.
Effect of 8-Week Aerobic Exercise on Anthropometric Indices, Atherogenic Index of Plasma and Some Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Inactive Men
Authors:   Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education & Sport Sciences, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran., Siahkouhian Marefat , Ebrahimi-Torkmani Bahman ,   Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education & Sport Sciences, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran.
Published: December 2021

Background and Aims The sedentary lifestyle is related to the incidence of various diseases and metabolic disorders. Atherogenic Index of Plasma (AIP) can be considered as an appropriate criterion predicting coronary heart disease. This study aimed to investigate the Effect of 8-week aerobic training on anthropometric Indices, the Atherogenic Index of Plasma, and some cardiovascular risk factors in inactive men. Methods In the current quasi-experimental study, 40 inactive employees with a Mean±SD age of 36.17±8.97 years and body mass index of 26.60±4.12 kg/m2 after obtaining testimonial voluntarily performed aerobic exercise training for 8 weeks (each session 45 to 60 minutes) with 70 percent of maximal heart rate. Blood samples were taken before and after exercise to measure serum variables. Data were analyzed by paired t-test at the significant level of P<0.05. Results Statistical analysis showed that after 8 weeks of aerobic exercise, Body fat percentage (P=0.04), cholesterol (P=0.001), LDL/HDL ratio (P=0.03), TG/HDL ratio (P=0.01), TC/HDL ratio (P=0.001), and apo-B (P=0.01) decreased significantly. Also, VO2max (P=0.011) and HDL (P=0.010) increased dramatically after 8 weeks of participation in aerobic activity. Conclusion According to the results, an increase in physical activity can probably reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease. Also, physical activity with lowering the risk factors of developing CVD events and significant prevention of its progression, the beneficial properties of physical activity are underscored, and promoting its effectiveness as support for healthier lifestyles in the community and particularly among inactive men is emphasized.
Evolution of Views on the Value of Scientific Knowledge in Western Philosophy
Authors: Pafomova L. A.
Published: December 2021

Introduction. Evolution of views on the value of scientific knowledge in various directions of Western philosophy, from the ancient period to the 20th century is analyzed in the article. The relevance of the article is due to the fact that the view of scientific knowledge as the value of scientific reality is a fairly new phenomenon.

Methodology and sources. The methodological basis of the work is the cultural and philosophical analysis of various points of view in the works of both ancient philosophers, philosophers of the Renaissance and the New times (Plato, Aristotle, Pythagoras, F. Aquinas, Leonard da Vinci, F. Bacon, Locke, Hobbes, Descartes, Spinoza), as well as in the works of O. Comte, Spencer, Mach, Poincare, Pierce, James, Dewey, Jaspers, B. Russell, etc. (i.e. representatives of positivism, existentialism, neo-Thomism).

Results and discussion. Today two directions could be distinguished in the relation to science: either its absolutization, that we name scientism, or the cult of an abstract person opposed to science – anthropologism. This is a consequence of the changes in the views on scientific knowledge that have taken place throughout the history of science. Thus, in the ancient period, the value of science was determined, firstly, not in relation to the practical activity of a human being, but only in relation to science to knowledge and cognition, and secondly, as a way of self-development of the individual. In the Middle Ages, science was the “handmaid” of theology. In the Renaissance science faced new challenges: the first was an anti-religious understanding of the essence of a person, the second was the justification of the role of scientific knowledge both for practice and for the worldview as a whole. It was on this understanding of the meaning of scientific knowledge that the concepts of the philosophers of the XVII–XVIII centuries were built, and they dominated until the middle of the XIX century. From this period, a one-sided approach begins to dominate – the ideological role of the value of science was denied and only its pragmatic value is taken. Along with this, there is also a critical attitude towards science, which then develops into anti-scientism. Today, a pessimistic approach (postmodernism, for example) the approach to the consideration of the value of scientific knowledge is characteristic of modern philosophical trends that deny not only the value of scientific knowledge, but also deny knowledge itself.

Conclusion. The evaluation of scientific knowledge in Western philosophy has undergone significant changes. If in classical philosophy, with a few exceptions, the recognition of the comprehensive value of science prevailed, i.e. its ideological, humanistic and practical value, then in the future all these three main aspects of the value of scientific knowledge are analyzed. In the extreme forms, this leads to the emergence of antiscientism, for which it is the development of scientific knowledge is perceived as a source of human misery and suffering.
Proposta de implementação do marketing digital para o acréscimo da carteira de clientes: estudo de caso na empresa Agência de Motoboy Expresso
Authors: Moraes Gabriel Silva de , Carvalho Emmily Cristina Vieira de , Jesus Franklin Pio de , Almeida Victor da Silva , Santos Júnior Aldemir Pereira dos , Roberto José Carlos Alves
Published: December 2021

A função do Marketing Digital permite uma comunicação interacional entre empresas e consumidores, auxiliando micro e pequenas empresas a conquistar mais benefícios de negócio. O presente artigo teve como objetivo realizar um estudo de caso na empresa AGM – Agência de Motoboy Expresso, do segmento de entregas. O artigo surgiu a partir da análise das áreas funcionais, onde a área de Marketing foi identificada como a mais crítica. Este estudo pretende discutir: Como a implementação do marketing digital em micro e pequenas empresas prestadoras de serviços pode contribuir com o acréscimo da carteira de clientes? O objetivo geral do trabalho visa ampliar a carteira de clientes através da implementação do marketing digital na empresa AGM em 2021. A metodologia empregada consiste em um método quali-quantitativo, elaborando-se pesquisas bibliográficas e técnicas de coleta de dados. Neste artigo também foi utilizado a ferramenta de qualidade 5W2H, para introdução de ações interventivas, como investir em campanhas de anúncios online com um gestor de tráfego, divulgar os serviços nas redes sociais de forma comercial e também homologar contratos com motoboys para trabalhos avulsos. Foi praticado um estudo de caso, por meio de entrevistas e questionários com o gestor, para que a partir desse ponto fosse fundamentado o corpus de análise. De acordo com pesquisas bibliográficas, o marketing digital em micro e pequenas empresas vem sendo cada vez mais implementado pelas organizações, e, dessa forma, adquirindo vários benefícios não só com o aumento da lucratividade, mas também criando uma relação de maior proximidade com o cliente. Com base no estudo, almeja-se que a empresa se destaque diante de seus concorrentes, aumentando a quantidade de clientes, com visibilidade de sua marca, conquistando parcerias e disponibilizando conteúdo relevante sobre seus serviços prestados.