bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A NEW GLOBAL REVOLUTION IN SCIENCE AND EDUCATION
Authors: Ursul Arkady , Ursul Tatyana
Published: December 2020

The article notes that the formation of the global world is taking place and this world is reflected in science and education, and these spheres vice versa the world formation. It is shown that a global research direction has already been formed, including globalistics, global scientific disciplines, globalization studies, global evolutionism and a number of other scientific research areas. Although this global cluster of scientific knowledge is most intensively developed only since the second half of the last century, its origins are found in the works of Vladimir I. Vernadsky at the beginning of the same century. The global cluster of scientific knowledge is associated with the globalization of education and the formation of global education. The main integrative characteristics and features in the forms and content of these global evolutionary processes in education are identified. The authors use global and systemic approaches, integrative-interdisciplinary research methods, historical and evolutionary approaches, methods of forecasting, as well as a number of general scientific methods. It is shown that integrative tendencies related to the global-evolutionary changes of civilization and its interaction with nature are unfolding in education. The article notes that the globalization of education is mainly focused on formal and organizational ways of integrating various systems and forms of education; the most significant directions of this process are highlighted. Global education is characterized by qualitative and meaningful transformations of the educational process, the subject field of which is “filled” with universal and integrative knowledge obtained in the course of global research. It is assumed that the globalization of science and education begins a new global revolution in the scientific and educational space, and the phenomenon of “globality” appears as global processe and system.
İslam Kelamında Tanrı Hakkında Konuşmanın İmkânı: Din Dili Tartışmaları
Authors: ÇINAR Bayram
Published: December 2020

Bu çalışmamızda İslam teolojik geleneğini temsil eden kelam âlimlerinin tanrıya ilişkin konuşabilmenin imkânı sorununa nasıl yaklaştıklarını ve sorunu çözmekte kullandıkları argümanları ortaya koyma çabası göstereceğiz. Bu yönüyle çalışmamız İslam teolojik geleneğinin konuya yaklaşımını ve çözüm üretme kapasitesini görmeyi amaçlamaktadır. Konuya ilişkin tarihsel detay ise çalışmamız açısından ikincil bir öneme sahiptir. Bu yüzden çalışmamız boyunca zaman zaman görmezden gelinecektir. Ekollerin farklı sonuçlara ulaştıkları bir realite olarak ortada olduğu halde, bu sonuçlara onları ulaştıran dinî yaklaşımlar bir tanrı tasavvurunun sonucudur. Önemli oranda tanrıya ilişkin kanaatlerini destekleyen onların bu tanrı algılarıdır. İslam kelam geleneğinde tanrıya ilişkin konuşma imkânı kelamcılar arasında onaylanmış, üzerinde uzlaşı sağlanmış bir konu olmasına karşın, bunun dışa vurumu konusunda ekoller arasında farklılıklar görülmüş, özellikle Allah’ın sıfatları konusunda farklı ifade ve sonuçlara ulaşılmıştır. Onların farklılık arz eden bu tutumları ise önemli oranda kutsal metinlere yaklaşım farklılıklarının doğurduğu bir söylem farkı olarak görülebilir. Çalışmamız İslam kelamcılarının konuya ilişkin görüşleri ile sınırlı olup, felsefi değerlendirmeler bu çalışmanın dışında tutulmuştur.
Değişen Kent Ailesinde Sevgi Anlayışları ve İlişkilerine Sosyolojik Bir Yaklaşım
Authors: GÜL Hatice
Published: December 2020

Aile tarih boyunca değişerek varlığını sürdüren bir kurumdur. Ailenin toplumsal hayattaki değeri ve önemi günümüzde giderek daha belirgin hale gelmektedir. Zira aile ve ailenin ilişkili olduğu her türlü yapı, toplumsal değişimlerin etkisinde kalmıştır. İçinden geçtiği değişim süreçleri; ailenin iç yapısında, roller ve ilişkiler sisteminde çok boyutlu farklılaşmalara yol açmıştır. Ailenin uğradığı en köklü ve sarsıcı değişimler, modernleşme ve kentleşme süreçlerinde meydana gelmiştir. Modernleşme ve kentleşme süreçleri; aile üzerindeki etkilerini en çok sosyalleşme, güvenlik, ekonomi ve sevgi gibi özel boyutlarda göstermiştir. Kentleşme sürecinin etkilediği aile yapısında sevgi faktörü; yuvanın kurulmasından, devamına ve aile içi ilişkilere kadar hemen her boyutta çok önemli bir faktör olarak karşımıza çıkmıştır. Bu bağlamda nitel yöntem ve tekniklerini benimsediğimiz çalışmamız, değişim sürecindeki ailede eşler arasındaki sevgi ve bileşenlerinin konumlanışı ile işleyişini özel bir önemle ele almaktadır. Ayrıca bu çalışma; Gaziantep kent ailesi örneğinde sevginin değişimle birlikte ortaya çıkan yeni anlamlarını ve işlevlerini, sevginin eşler arasında düzenleyici ilişkisel önemini ortaya koymayı hedeflemektedir.
Design And Implemation Of An Enhanced Dds Based Digital Modulator For Multiple Modulation Schemes
Authors: Kollam Manoj
Published: December 2020

This paper deals with the design & implementation of a Digital Modulator based on the FPGA. The design is implemented using the Enhanced Direct Digital Synthesis (DDS) Technology. The basic DDS architecture is enhanced with the minimum hardware to facilitate the complete system level support for different kinds of Modulations with
minimal FPGA resources. The size of the ROM look up is reduced by using the mapping logic. The Design meets the present Software Define Radio (SDR) requirements and provides the user selection for desired modulation technique to be used. The VHDL programming language is used for modeling the hardware blocks for powerful and flexible programming and to avoid VHDL code generation tools. The design is simulated in the Model Sim Simulation Tool and Synthesized using the Xilinx ISE Synthesis Tool. The architecture is implemented on the SPARTAN-3A FPGA from Xilinx Family in the SPARTAN-3A evaluation board. The experimental results obtained demonstrate the usefulness of the proposed system in terms of the system resources, its capabilities for design, validation and practical implementation purposes.
Mathematical Modelling of Vehicle Drifting
Authors: Jazar Reza N. , Alam Firoz , Milani Sina , Marzbani Hormoz , Chowdhury Harun
Published: December 2020

A mathematical model and condition for drifting of vehicles are presented in this paper. Employing the condition for possible steady-state drifting, the mathematical model of a vehicle with lateral weight lift during turning and drifting as well as adopting a combined tyre force model enables to reduce the number of equations of motion to a set of nonlinear coupled algebraic equations. The solution of the equations are the longitudinal and lateral components of the velocity vector of the vehicle at its mass centre and the vehicle’s yaw rate. The numerical values of the variables are associated with an equilibrium at which the vehicle drifts steadily. The equilibrium point should be analysed for stability by examining for any small disturbance should disappear. The procedure applied to a nominal vehicle indicates that an equilibrium point exists for every given value of the steering angle as the input. Also, it is shown that the equilibrium point is unstable. Hence, to keep the vehicle at the associated steady-state drifting, the value of the yaw rate must be kept constant.
A participatory design informed framework for information behaviour studies
Authors:   Department of Information Science, University of Pretoria, South Africa, Meyer Anika , Fourie Ina ,   Department of Information Science, University of Pretoria, South Africa, Hansen Preben ,   Department of Computer and Systems Sciences, Stockholm University, Sweden
Published: December 2020

Introduction. Applying participatory design in educational contextscan improve the congruence between perceptions of students, teachers and instructional designers.Information behaviour activities such as collaborative information seeking and information sharing are core to participatory design. Information behaviour studies related to participatory design must be guided by an information behaviourframework informed by the principles of participatory design. Albeit a few examples of frameworks, reference is mostly only to participatory design steps, phases and stages, with limited acknowledgement of information activities. This paper suggests a participatory design information behaviour framework for studies in educational contexts. Method. Scoping review of selected publications on participatory design and information behaviour, and participatory design in education. Analysis. Thematic analysis applied in educational context as exemplar. Results. A participatory design information behaviour framework must allow for the following constructs: context, participant selection (i.e., actors, stakeholders), definition of shared visions and purposes; roles and tasks; information resources and access; iterative information activities; participatory design steps, phases and stages; consideration of intervening factors; and finer nuances of all of these constructs. Conclusion. The suggested framework can guide information behaviour studies on participatory design with a focus on information activities.
Information literacy as a joint competence shaped by everyday life and workplace roles amongst Scottish community councillors
Authors:   School of Computing, Edinburgh Napier University, Edinburgh, U.K., Peter Cruickshank , Hall Hazel ,   School of Computing, Edinburgh Napier University, Edinburgh, U.K., Ryan Bruce ,   School of Computing, Edinburgh Napier University, Edinburgh, U.K.
Published: December 2020

Introduction: This paper addresses the information practices of hyperlocal democratic representatives, and their acquisition and application of information literacy skills. Method: 1034 Scottish community councillors completed an online questionnaire on the information-related activities they undertake as part of their voluntary roles, and the development of supporting competencies. The questions related to: information needs for community council work; preparation and onward dissemination of information gathered; factors that influence community councillors’ abilities to conduct their information-related duties. Analysis: Data were summarised for quantitative analysis using Microsoft Excel. Free text responses were analysed in respect of the themes from the quantitative analysis and literature. Results: Everyday life and workplace roles are perceived as the primary shapers of information literacy as a predominantly joint competence. Conclusion: The focus of information literacy development has traditionally been the contribution of formal education, yet this study reveals that prior employment, community and family roles are perceived as more important to the acquisition of relevant skills amongst this group. This widens the debate as to the extent to which information literacy is specific to particular contexts. This adds to arguments that information literacy may be viewed as a collective accomplishment dependant on a socially constructed set of practices.
Towards a definition of metaskills
Authors:   School of Computing, Edinburgh Napier University, Edinburgh, U.K., Stephen Katherine , Muir Laura ,   School of Computing, Edinburgh Napier University, Edinburgh, U.K., Hall Hazel ,   School of Computing, Edinburgh Napier University, Edinburgh, U.K.
Published: December 2020

Introduction: The term ‘metaskill’ has been used to mean a range of different types of information-based skill. This contribution describes the variation in use across disciplines and industries, and two distinct but related definitions are found. Method: Two hundred and ten scholarly papers were identified across the fields of psychology, work-based learning, education and information using key word searches. These papers are analysed for inclusion of definitions and examples of ‘metaskills’. Analysis: Comparisons are made to find similarities and disagreements within both definitions and examples. Excel is used to create word lists, and word clouds used to assess weight and frequency. Findings: Although some agreement can be found, there is no wide consensus. Two separate but related definitions emerge: that of a shorthand for ‘metacognitive skill’, and a broader ‘higher order’ technical skill type. Conclusions: Used as a buzzword in work-based learning literature, the idea of ‘metaskills’ seems to be an increasingly important part of lifelong learning. The two definitions that have emerged have some crossover, which may lead to confusion when designing skill development interventions. While formal education environments have traditionally been the source of participants for skill-based research, further work on the development of well-defined metaskills within the workplace is encouraged.
Information support system for Alzheimer’s disease patients’ caregivers in Croatia: a phenomenological approach
Authors:   Department of Information Sciences, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Osijek, Croatia, Balog Kornelija Petr , Tanackovic Sanjica Faletar ,   Department of Information Sciences, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Osijek, Croatia, Erdelez Sanda ,   Simmons University, School of Library and Information Science,  Boston, MA,  USA
Published: December 2020

Introduction. The paper presents findings from a study that investigated information needs of caregivers of Alzheimer’s disease patients’ in Croatia, a country in which health and social care systems for such persons are insufficiently developed. Special emphasis is put on the barriers caregivers face in obtaining required information or services. Methods. Interviews with 11 Alzheimer’s disease patients’ caregivers from the area of Eastern Croatia were conducted. Interpretative phenomenological analysis was chosen as the best method to interpret the caregivers’ experience of information support received from the Croatian system. Analysis. Topics were defined for each interview and then superordinate topics were defined for the whole sample. Results. Results show that Alzheimer’s disease patients’ caregivers in Croatia are faced with numerous obstacles. No organised information support system was detected. Conclusions. A more holistic approach to information support is needed. Authors suggest an Alzheimer’s disease information package to be distributed through the family doctors’ practices.
When online support groups prevail: the information experience of chest/breastfeeders who only express their milk
Authors:   College of Information Studies, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA, Jardine Fiona
Published: December 2020

Introduction. Exclusive pumpers only express their milk and do not feed directly from their breast/chest. Rates of exclusive pumping are increasing, yet information on it is scant. Consequently, exclusive pumpers turn to the internet and online support groups for information and support. This paper examines the information needs of exclusive pumpers, the sources they use, and how useful these sources are. Combined with open-ended responses, this paper provides an insight into exclusive pumpers’ information experiences and its impact on their overall lived experience. Method. A cross-sectional, self-report, mixed-methods survey was administered online to a convenience sample of current and/or former exclusive pumpers (N = 2, 005). Analysis. Survey questions pertaining to information experience were analysed quantitatively in SPSS. Inductive thematic analysis of qualitative data was performed in Atlas.ti. Results. Online sources, particularly online support groups, were the most popular and most useful sources of exclusive pumping information and also provided much-needed support. Having poor information experiences were associated with poorer physical and affective outcomes. Conclusions. To meet their information needs, exclusive pumpers turn to online support groups and peer-provided information. Healthcare professionals, especially lactation consultants, need to provide improved exclusive pumping information.
Information behaviour of parents of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD): a case study
Authors:   Willis Towers Watson, Montevideo, Uruguay, Chávez Raquel , Sabelli Martha ,   Information and Society Department, Information Institute, at the Faculty of Information and Communication, University of Republic, Uruguay
Published: December 2020

Introduction. This investigation focuses on the information behaviour of parents of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) inside an organisation (Aletea) located in Montevideo-Uruguay. This study aims to make visible the information needs these parents experience when making decisions for their children’s welfare. It is the first phase of an investigation to provide an indepth comparison with other countries. Method. A literature review, database analyses and web searches were done to standardise the current work with the methodology of the field. Also, with a convenience sample, 12 semi-structured interviews were conducted among parents of this organisation. Analysis. Qualitative analyses were carried out as all the interviews were recorded on audio with prior consent of the interviewees. The questions were classified into categories and sub-categories for a better understanding of the results. Results. Parents' information practices demonstrate obstacles and difficulties in seeking and accessing available and reliable sources regarding autism spectrum disorder. The lack of information generated at local levels leads to consulting and sharing information with their closest contacts and social networks, especially their peers in parent groups. Conclusion. It is considered necessary to continue with this line of research both in Uruguay and around the world since there is a lack of studies on this subject.
Information experience in a diaspora small world
Authors:   Department of Information Science, College of Information, University of North Texas, Denton, TX, USA, Kizhakkethil Priya
Published: December 2020

Introduction. Leisure is considered important in the settlement and acculturation experiences of refugee and immigrant communities. Perceiving a gap in the literature which has taken a diaspora perspective, this on-going study looks at an online community converging around a leisure activity from a gender and diaspora standpoint, while looking to understand what would be experienced as information in that context. Method. Employing a qualitative research approach, data was obtained through semi-structured interviews with fourteen participants and also through the collecting of comments posted on fan fiction blogs. Analysis. Qualitative thematic analysis is being carried out using Nvivo software. Results. Early observations by way of themes lend credence to the importance of social context and point towards the role of meaning making in the information and document experience of the participants. Conclusions. Going beyond information seeking and problematic situations, adopting an experience approach can contribute towards conceptual and theoretical development in the field. The study also hopes to contribute towards literature that has looked at diaspora communities from a gender and leisure perspective.
How experiences reported on intermediary information seeking from inter-disciplinary contexts can inform a study on competitive intelligence professionals
Authors:   Department of Information Science, University of Pretoria, South Africa, Maungwa Tumelo , Fourie Ina ,   Department of Computer Science, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
Published: December 2020

Introduction. Intermediary and proxy searching, where one person searches on behalf of another, are noted in information science, health sciences and library science (e.g., reference work and early day online searching), professional workplace practices (e.g., lawyers, nurses) and everyday life contexts (e.g., caregivers). It is also observed within the competitive intelligence process, which involves collecting intelligence data from business environments on behalf of senior management and clients. Many problems occur in competitive intelligence intermediary information seeking that might be addressed by examining interdisciplinary contexts. Method. Literature searches were conducted in key library and information science, health science and law databases. A total of 136 publications were manually selected and analysed for a scoping literature review. Analysis. Thematic analysis was applied. Results. Challenges emerging from the thematic analysis are disaggregated into facets of intermediary information seeking (e.g., skills in question negotiation and information needs assessment, search heuristics and knowledge of information infrastructures). Conclusion. Systematised intermediary practices (e.g., application of appropriate question negotiation techniques, expanded knowledge of information infrastructures and landscapes, competitive intelligence domain knowledge and communication) can enhance intermediary information seeking, and should be investigated in competitive intelligence.
Systematic reviews as object to study relevance assessment processes
Authors:   DIPF | Leibniz Institute for Research and Information in Education, Frankfurt am Main, Germany, Jäger-Dengler-Harles Ingeborg , Heck Tamara ,   DIPF | Leibniz Institute for Research and Information in Education, Frankfurt am Main, Germany, Rittberger Marc ,   DIPF | Leibniz Institute for Research and Information in Education, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
Published: December 2020

Introduction. Systematic reviews are a method to synthesise research results for evidence-based decision-making on a specific question. Processes of information seeking and behaviour play a crucial role and might intensively influence the outcomes of a review. This paper proposes an approach to understand the relevance assessment and decision-making of researchers that conduct systematic reviews. Method. A systematic review was conducted to build up a database for text-based qualitative analyses of researchers’ decision-making in review processes. Analysis. The analysis focuses on the selection process of retrieved articles and introduces the method to investigate relevance assessment processes of researchers. Results. There are different methods to conduct reviews in research, and relevance assessment of documents within those processes is neither one-directional nor standardised. Research on information behaviour of researchers involved in those reviews has not looked at relevance assessment steps and their influence in a review’s outcomes. Conclusions. A reason for the varieties and inconsistencies of review types might be that information seeking and relevance assessment are much more complex and researchers might not be able to draw upon their concrete decisions. This paper proposes a research study to investigate researcher behaviour while synthesising research results for evidence-based decision-making.
Adventures in Winter Wonderland - observing user behaviour in a digital twin bookstore
Authors:   Berlin School of Library and Information Science, Humboldt-Universität, Berlin, Germany, Greifeneder Elke , Gäde Maria ,   Berlin School of Library and Information Science, Humboldt-Universität, Berlin, Germany
Published: December 2020

Introduction. In casual leisure seeking contexts, visual information plays an important role for exploration or even serendipity affects. However, existing systems rarely support alternative search or browsing strategies. In the case study of this paper, we propose an approach to evaluate the potential and challenges of digital twins as digital replica of physical spaces. Method. A mixed-method approach is applied combining observation data in the physical twin with web analytics in the digital twin. Analysis. Both quantitative and qualitative analyses were applied to the data sources and comparisons between user behaviour in the physical and digital place are drawn. Results. We report preliminary results and discuss the opportunities and limitations of current practices to observe digital and physical spaces. The data analyses have given a broad insight into behaviours in the physical twin. However, standard web analytics approaches could not reveal the same insight into online behaviour, showing the limitations of current research practices. Conclusions. The analysis of digital twins requires the combination of offline and online practices. Experiences from the physical observation can inform the analysis of the digital space. It seems to be clear, that the analysis of log data alone is not sufficient but needs to be completed by other user behaviour methods.
The influence of spatial attributes on users’ information behaviour in academic libraries: a case study
Authors:   Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda, Ilako Caroline
Published: December 2020

Introduction. Information practices manifest differently among diverse library users, because space influences the different activities that library users engage in. Lefebvre’s spatial triad theory was used to illustrate how library spaces influence spatial activities and hence affect information behaviour of users. Method. A qualitative, ethnographic study method was applied. Participant observations and interviews with library users were conducted from May to December 2019 within Makerere University. Analysis. The data were analysed using thematic analysis. Results. Information behaviour appears as the central activity within the library spaces, within those spaces and academic and non-academic behaviour manifest as a result of user engagement within the different spaces. It was thus revealed that different attributes support users’ activities such as reading, discussionsamong users and therefore sharping their space preference. Conclusion. Space is both a physical and social object that has a direct influence on its inhabitants’ spatial activities, perceptions and experiences. The concept that space is socially constructed is empirically supported through the social relations that users create as they engage in different activities. The availability of space attributes such as enclosed spaces, noise levels, lighting and space attachment influence the spatial activities and experience of users in a positive or negative way.
Human information behaviour in conversation: understanding the influence of informal conversation on learning in a political party
Authors:   Department of Computer and Information Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK., Hanlon Susannah , McLeod Julie ,   Department of Computer and Information Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.
Published: December 2020

Introduction. This paper explores information behaviour in the underrepresented but increasingly important area of informal conversations and their influence on learning within political parties. The application of an extended model on information behaviour in conversation, which arose from the initial research analysis, enabled more granulated interpretation of results. This facilitated greater understanding, through the information behaviour lens, of informal conversations and how they contribute to learning. Method. Qualitative case-study of a political party. Analysis. Template analysis was used, followed by the application of the emergent extended model of human information behaviour in conversation. Results. Characteristics of informal conversation reflected the unique nature of the organisation. The extended model provided additional insights into context, information seeking and knowledge sharing during the conversations including motivations and affective factors, and outcomes from the conversations. Conclusions. A key reason for engaging in informal conversation was the need to strengthen capacity to influence. Self-efficacy was increased through mutual support and engaging in information behaviours. Application of the extended information behaviour model confirmed that learning occurred during informal conversations at individual and group level. Additional research is needed to test the model further with political parties and their members before extending it to wider applications.
Investigating the ‘Why?’ rather than the ‘How?’: current research priorities on the influence of culture on newcomer populations’ use of public libraries
Authors:   School of Computing, Edinburgh Napier University, Edinburgh, U.K., Salzano Rachel , Hall Hazel ,   School of Computing, Edinburgh Napier University, Edinburgh, U.K., Webster Gemma ,   School of Computing, Edinburgh Napier University, Edinburgh, U.K.
Published: December 2020

Introduction. Library researchers are often concerned with the factors that affect individual use of public library resources. To date, culture as a determinant of public library use has not been fully explored across all public library populations. Method. As preparation for a larger study, a literature review on the information behaviours, and the use of public library resources, by newcomer populations was completed. This output was based on a literature search on commercial databases and Google Scholar. Thematic concept mapping surfaced relevant seams of extant literature of interest to the broader study. Results. Much of the literature cites socio-cultural/cultural factors as important influences on resource use in public libraries. However, few articulate these factors in detail, nor define their relationship to information behaviour and use. In addition, consideration of newcomer populations is often absent in these analyses. Conclusion. There is a case for further investigation on the influence of culture on newcomer populations’ use of public libraries. It is anticipated that improved understanding in this domain will help determine improved public library provision for newcomer populations.
The cultural landscape of women refugees in Sweden - a road to information and integration
Authors:   Department of Information Studies, Åbo Akademi University, Åbo, Finland, Khan Khadijah Saeed , Eskola Eeva-Liisa ,   Department of Information Studies, Åbo Akademi University, Åbo, Finland
Published: December 2020

Introduction. This research in progress explores women refugees’ information and integration challenges from the cultural perspective and proposes the concept of ‘cultural landscape’ as facilitator to refugees’ information and integration practices in Sweden. Method. A qualitative research method of participatory observation, semi-structured interviews and unofficial discussions as a complement is been used in this study. Analysis. The thematic analysis approach is used to analyse the observation and interviews data. Results. Participants describe how two different forms of cultural landscapes – ‘reading and learning circles’ and ‘doing and learning circles’ have helped them in reconstructing fractured information landscapes by building bridges into new communities, maintaining links with co-cultural community network and achieving a sense of belonging and identity by psychological and spiritual support. Conclusions. The research will identify the importance of cultural landscape in meeting refugees’ information and integration challenges in a new country.
PENINGKATAN PERAN DIVISI DOKUMEN KONTROL PT. LINTAS SAMUDRA BORNEO LINE DALAM MENANGANI DOKUMEN KAPAL DI KANTOR SYAHBANDAR DAN OTORITAS PELABUHAN (KSOP) BANJARMASIN
Authors: Jumriani Jumriani , Rahmah Annisa , Al Shadril Muhammad
Published: December 2020

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui peran divisi dokumen kontrol secara efektif dalam menangani dokumen kapal di Kantor Syahbandar dan Otoritas Pelabuhan (KSOP) Banjarmasin. Penelitian ini dilakukan selama kurang lebih 4 bulan (Agustus 2017 – November 2017) yang dilaksanakan di Kota Banjarmasin. Adapun populasi penelitian ini adalah keseluruhan sertifikat kapal berjumlah 22 sertifikat pada kapal PT. LINTAS SAMUDRA BORNEO LINE. Teknik pengambilan sampel dilakukan secara acak. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan cara pengumpulan data primer melalui pencatatan cermat dan sistematis langsung di lokasi obyek penelitian yang berkaitan dengan kegiatan yang dilakukan di perusahaan. Data sekunder diperoleh dengan cara metode penelitian pustaka dan dokumentasi. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah: pada saat proses penanganan sertifikat kapal ada beberapa masalah yang membuat proses penanganan dan penerbitan menjadi lambat diakibatkan karena (1) Belum adanya SDM yang khusus menangani pengurusan sertifikat kapal. (2) Terjadi misscomunication antara pihak kapal dan pihak divisi dokumen kontrol.
ANALISIS KINERJA DIESEL GENERATOR LISTRIK DIKAPAL MT.FORTUNE GLORY XLI
Authors: Hasiah Hasiah , Adnan Adnan , Musa Laode , Nurdin Achmad
Published: December 2020

ACHMAD NURDIN, 2018, Analisis Kinerja Diesel Generator Listrik (dibimbing oleh Adnan dan Laode Musa). Generator listrik adalah salah suatu mesin bantu diatas kapal yang menghasilkan energy listrik dengan mengubah energy mekanik menjadi energy listrik. Menurunnya kinerja pada diesel generator listrik dapat menghambat pengoperasian kapal bahkan bisa terjadinya blackout. Tujuan penulis mengambil judul ini adalah mengetahui faktor-faktor apa saja yang menyebabkan menurunnya kinerja diesel generator listrik dan usaha apa yang harus dilakukan untuk mencegah menurunnya kinerja generator listrik. Penulis melaksanakan penelitian ini pada saat praktek laut diatas kapal MT.FORTUNE GLORY XLI selama 12 bulan. Sumber data diperoleh melalui penelitian yang dilakukan secara langsung dengan menggunakan metode observasi, dengan mengadakan peninjauan langsung pada objek yang diteliti. Berdasarkan pada masalah pokok yang ditemukan dalam penulisan ini diperoleh hasil bahwa penyebab menurunnya kinerja diesel generator listrik di Kapal MT.FORTUNE GLORY XLI karena adanya gangguan mesin penggerak generator dan gangguan mekanis pada generator yang mengakibatkan terjadinya kerusakan yang diakibatkan kurangnya perawatan pada komponen yang ada pada diesel generator. Untuk mengatasi gangguan tersebut diadakan perbaikan dengan dilakukan penggantian komponen yang rusak agar diesel generator dapat berjalan dengan normal.
LANDASAN PSIKOLOGIS PENGEMBANGAN KURIKULUM ABAD 21
Authors: Ahmad Nur Kholik
Published: December 2020

This article aims to examine the psychology foundations of 21st century curriculum development, because the foundation of psychology is one of the principles in curriculum creation and development. The method used in this research is literature study, collecting, analyzing, processing and presenting books, journals and texts related to the research theme as reference material in the form of literature reports. The rapid development of science and technology and the existence of free market competition between countries has implications for life and of course for the world of education. It is important to conduct a review of the principles of curriculum development, namely the psychological principles of students. The result of this research is that curriculum development must be based not only on philosophy but also based on psychology. In the 21st century with the rapid development of information and communication technology and free competition between countries in all fields will affect the psychology of students, This must be considered by curriculum developers so that orientation is no longer centered on cognitive but more on psychomotor or skills. This is why the foundation of psychology is very important in conducting curriculum development. The positive impact expected in this article for the world of education is for curriculum developers to focus more on the needs of students in the 21st century so that they can compete with other countries.
ANALISIS STRATEGI PEMBELAJARAN IPA DALAM BUKU TEMATIK KURIKULUM 2013 KELAS IV SD
Authors: Alma Pratiwi Husain
Published: December 2020

This article aims to find out the relevant strategies for use in science lessons, thematic books K-13 class IV theme 2 in MI / SD. The research method used is the library research approach. Data collection is carried out by examining various journals, books and documents both printed and electronic which are relevant to research studies. The results showed that the relevant learning strategies used were experiential learning strategies with experimental methods and field observations. This strategy provides a real picture because students are in direct contact with objects and nature during the learning process. The benefits of this study provide information related to relevant learning strategies for science lessons, thematic books K-13 class IV theme 2 in MI / SD.
Do we need topical antibiotics for simple excision or the dressing after a skin wound?
Authors: Kim Il-Hwan
Published: December 2020

We often use topical antibiotics for simple excisions or the skin after minor wounds. This is a long-standing practice to minimize scarring by preventing wound or surgical site infection to promote wound healing. Is this old practice the right way for today? Is there a scientific basis for it and can it persist? These questions are related to the increase in antibiotic-resistant bacteria in Korea. Currently, the guidelines for the use of oral antibiotics have been established and are being applied relatively well-controlled to prevent overuse and misuse, while discussions for evaluating the adequacy of the prophylactic use of topical antibiotics or establishing correct guidelines are lacking. Based on related research data, American Academy of Dermatology has been continuously campaigning against the abuse of prophylactic antibiotics by the public and doctors, following the increase in the abuse of topical antibiotics since 2013. Therefore, we discuss the necessity of using topical antibiotics for the prophylaxis based on literature evidence. Now is the time to make efforts to prevent the increase of antibiotic-resistant bacteria through the correct use and by reducing the prescription of topical antibiotics in Korea.
Pathogenesis of vitiligo
Authors: Seok Seung Hui , Kim Dong Hyun
Published: December 2020

Vitiligo is an autoimmune disease in which CD8+ T-cells target and destroy melanocytes, leaving areas of skin without pigment production. Nonsegmental vitiligo, the classical form of the disease, results in symmetrical, bilateral white patches. Vitiligo is a chronic, unpredictable disease, characterized by flares, with depigmentation and periods of disease arrest alternating. This process can be stressful and negatively impact one’s quality of life. Various hypotheses have been offered, including cellular stress causing degeneration of melanocytes, chemical toxicity causing melanocyte death, and neural changes that influence melanocytes or their ability to produce melanin. Recently, the interaction between oxidative stress and autoimmune-mediated melanocyte loss has been proposed as the primary pathogenesis of vitiligo. It is now well accepted that interferon-γ and/or C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 10 axis is functionally required for both progression and maintenance of vitiligo, making this pathway a potential therapeutic target. Most therapeutic interventions in the management of vitiligo have been developed based on this immunopathogenesis. This article aims to review the current understanding of the vitiligo pathogenesis.
Surgical interventions for vitiligo
Authors: Bae Jung Min , Ju Hyun Jeong
Published: December 2020

Since nonsurgical treatment of vitiligo is not always successful, surgical interventions are viable options for patients with refractory vitiligo. Surgical treatment is a method in which melanocytes of normal skin are transplanted into vitiligo lesions and provided as a repigmentation source. Such treatments are primarily divided into tissue grafting and cellular grafting, depending on the nature of the graft. Tissue grafting includes split-thickness skin grafting, suction blister grafting, punch grafting, hair follicle transplantation, and smashed-skin grafting. Cellular grafting includes non-cultured epidermal cell suspension transplantation, non-cultured follicular cell suspension transplantation, and cultured epidermal cell suspension transplantation. Among these, suction blister grafting and micro-punch grafting have been widely performed for localized refractory vitiligo, and non-cultured epidermal cell suspension transplantation is adopted as the standard treatment for extensive vitiligo. Research on cultured cellular grafting to treat larger vitiligo areas is also ongoing. Selecting patients with stable vitiligo that has not spread for over 12 months is the most critical factor in the surgical outcome. It is also important to choose an appropriate surgical modality for each patient, and a combination of various procedures often improves the overall outcome. In conclusion, surgical intervention can be an effective and safe option for patients with vitiligo refractory to conventional treatments. Non-cultured epidermal cell suspension transplantation, which was denied by New Health Technology Assessment in Korea, should be approved to benefit patients with refractory vitiligo.
Pharmacotherapy for patients with diabetes mellitus
Authors: Moon Joon Ho , Lim Soo
Published: December 2020

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a complex, chronic illness requiring continuous medical care with multifactorial riskreduction strategies besides glycemic control. The pathophysiology of type 2 DM is characterized by a combination of insulin resistance in peripheral organs, including the liver, adipose tissues, and muscle, and inadequate insulin secretion from the pancreatic β-cells to compensate for insulin resistance, which eventually leads to β-cell failure. DM is accompanied by micro- and macro-vascular complications, including cardiovascular events and renal complications, resulting in high mortality rates. After insulin was first discovered in 1922, many antidiabetic agents including metformin, sulfonylureas, thiazolidinediones, and α-glucosidase inhibitors have been developed. Among them, metformin is the preferred pharmacologic agent for the initial treatment of DM. Recently, novel antidiabetic agents, such as dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors, sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors, and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists, were introduced and are currently available for clinical practice. Studies with dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors showed non-inferiority compared with placebo, in terms of cardiovascular safety. Some glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (liraglutide, semaglutide, albiglutide, and dulaglutide) showed favorable results in both cardiovascular and renal outcomes. Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (empagliflozin, canagliflozin, and dapagliflozin) also showed beneficial effects on cardiovascular and renal outcomes. It is important for clinicians to study novel DM medications and prescribe them accordingly to improve patients’ clinical outcomes.
PREVALENCE OF CLINICAL SPECTRUM OF INHERITED METABOLIC DISORDERS IN INFANTS AND CHILDREN AT A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL IN RAWALPINDI, PAKISTAN
Authors: Batool Ayesha , Zaman Saeed , Ayub Ammara , Bilal Kulsum , Malik Qudratullah
Published: December 2020

Objective:  To determine the frequency of a wide range of clinical presentations of inherited metabolic disorders diagnosed in infants and children at a tertiary care hospital in Rawalpindi, Pakistan.

Study Design: Cross sectional study

Place and Duration of Study: MH Rawalpindi, from June 2015 till June 2016.

Material and Methods:  64 children diagnosed with metabolic disorders, reporting to the MH Rawalpindi, were enrolled in the study. History was taken with special reference to family history, consanguineous marriage, sibling’s death and clinical manifestations. Thorough physical examination was done in every patient to find out the clinical signs present. All the data was recorded on a proforma. SPSS-20 version was used to derive the results and p-value of <0.05 was taken as statistically significant.

Results: In children with metabolic disorders, gastrointestinal manifestations were more significant 78·1% (p-value 0.022). Neurological signs were present in 60·9% (p-value 0.094) while respiratory manifestations were present in 15·6% children (p-value 0.251). 53·1% were males and 46·9% were females. The positive history of other affected children in family was significant (p-value 0.015), along with hypoglycaemia (p-value 0.001).

Conclusion:  Pallor, failure to thrive, poor feeding, convulsions, lethargy and hypoglycemia were the most frequent clinical manifestations in children with metabolic disorders.
A COMPARISON OF BODY MASS INDEX AND WEIGHT GAIN AMONG MALE SPRAGUE DAWLEY RATS ON BROILER AND DOMESTIC CHICKEN MEAT FEED
Authors: Khan Hammad Gul , Rashid Amir , Khan Zainab , Aman Faiza , Shoaib Muhammad
Published: December 2020

Objective:

To compare and evaluate the effects of broiler chicken fed with commercially offered feed and chicken fed with organic diet on BMI and weight gain in Sprague Dawley rats.

Study Design:

A randomized controlled trial.

Place and Duration of Study:

Multi-Disciplinary Laboratory of Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Army Medical College, Rawalpindi, and collaborated with Quaid-e-Azam University, Islamabad from November 2017 to April 2019.

Methodology:

Ninety male early weaned Sprague Dawley rats were arbitrarily assorted into three groups (n=30).

Group I control rats were nourished on standard pelleted diet. Group II rats were nourished with organic chicken meat along with their standard pelleted diet. Group III rats were nourished with broiler chicken meat along with their standard pelleted diet.

BMI and weight gain were estimated. All variables were calculated as Mean ± SD values. One-way ANOVA was applied to determine the significance among groups followed by Tuckey’s HSD post hoc test. p value ≤ 0.05 was considered significant.

Results:

The current study demonstrated significant increase in BMI (p ≤ 0.001) and weight gain (p ≤ 0.001) in both experimental groups as compared to control group.

Conclusion:

Based on the findings of our study we propose that broiler chicken meat consumption could be the probable cause of weight imbalances and out of proportion gain of weight and growth in experimental rats.
EFFICACY OF FIRST AVAILABLE DIRECT-ACTING ANTIVIRAL AGENT IN TREATMENT OF CHRONIC HEPATITIS C; RESULTS FROM A SINGLE CENTRE IN PAKISTAN
Authors: Khan Arif Qayyum , Mansoor Hala , Raja Javed Iqbal , Shahbaz Raja Yasser , Fida Samina , Siddique Muhammad
Published: December 2020

Objective: To determine the efficacy of dual (sofosbuvir and ribavirin) and triple therapy (sofosbuvir ribavirinpegylated interferon) for treatment of hepatitis C.

Study Design: Comparative cross sectional study.

Place and Duration of Study: Department of Medicine, Combined Military Hospital, Lahore, from Nov 2014 toMar 2017.

Methodology: A total of 182 consecutive patients with age ≥18 years and positive HCV RNA by polymerasechain reaction were included, while patients with haemoglobin of <10 g/dl, albumin <2 g/dl, platelet countof <100/uL, creatinine clearance of <60 mL/min or liver disease caused by non-hepatitis C related causes wereexcluded from study.

Results: Total 129 (70.8%) were treated with dual and 53 (29.1%) with triple therapy. Amongst patients withgenotype 3 (158/182), the overall sustained virological response at 12 weeks (SVR 12) was 94.4% in patients withdual therapy while it was 97.3% with triple therapy. In non-cirrhotic patients it was 95% in treatment naïve and100% in treatment experienced group. While in cirrhotic patients with genotype 3, SVR 12 with dual therapy was83.3% (p=0.331) and 88.9% in treatment naïve and treatment experienced patients respectively, while it was 100% in both groups with triple therapy. SVR 12 for genotype 1 (21/182) was 100%, both for dual as well as for triple therapy. Haematological side effects dominated the clinical picture with 11.5% suffering from anaemia.

Conclusion: Both dual and triple therapy were effective in patients with hepatitis C with acceptable level of sideeffects, genotype 3 being the most predominant genotype.