bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
¿Cristianismo o cristianismos? El caso del evangelio de Judas
Authors: Grech Card. Prosper
Published: September 2021

Hoy día ha cobrado impulso la teoría de que en los primeros siglos del cristianismo convivieron varias formas de cristianismo y que sólo a partir de s. IV se configuró un único cristianismo, mientras las otras tradiciones fueron silenciadas. Frente a esta teoría, el Cardenal Grech expone un caso concreto: El Evangelio de Judas. En él, el verdadero héroe es Judas, amigo de Jesús, que sustituye a Pedro y a Juan, pero aquí el evangelio ya no tiene por referencia una norma fidei sino una gnosis a cuyo servicio se proclama. Por eso, este evangelio no es una herejía del cristianismo porque su regula fidei es la gnosis. Para ver el contraste, lo mejor es analizar el caso de la iglesia de Éfeso donde confluyen una serie de teologías y tradiciones como la petrina, joánica y la paulina, y sin embargo, hay un solo cristianismo que incluso es previo a los escritos que luego formarían el Nuevo Testamento.
La pedagogía agustiniana en la formación
Authors: Totumo Carlos
Published: September 2021

El propósito de esta reflexión es analizar los rasgos característicos del ideario pedagógico propuesto por san Agustín, expuestos en mi libro Aproximación al ideario pedagógico de san Agustín, para presentarlos como medios necesarios no sólo para la educación formal, sino también para la formación de los candidatos a la vida religiosa agustiniana. La pedagogía agustiniana es una propuesta cristiana de humanización a la luz de la formación académica y experiencia espiritual de san Agustín. En esta pedagogía, el diálogo es esencial porque facilita la interacción del hombre consigo mismo, con los demás (docente o formador), con sus compañeros, los cuales son considerados sus condiscípulos, y con Dios. La base sobre la que se sustenta esta investigación es doble: antropológica (el hombre) y teológica (Dios), concretizada en un dinamismo espiritual humanizador. Descriptores: Pedagogía agustiniana; Diálogo pedagógico; Interioridad, Espiritualidad, Comunidad.
“Iustitia Christi”
Authors: Martínez Bouzas Francisco
Published: September 2021

Se analiza en esta segunda parte del trabajo sobre las vertientes existencialistas y personalista del debate sobre la justificación en la Sexta Sesión del Concilio de Trento, una de las cuestiones más discutidas durante los trabajos de elaboración del segundo y tercer proyecto del decreto. Se presta especial atención a las intervenciones de Seripando sobre la necesidad de profundizar en el estudio de la naturaleza de la justificación, planteando la controvertida cuestión de la “duplex iustitia”. Así como las reacciones suscitadas entre los teólogos y padres conciliares. Todo ello llenó el clima conciliar de profundos acentos de tipo existencialista y personalista.
El hombre de cristal
Authors: Arranz Rodrigo Marceliano
Published: September 2021

A la vista del modo en que la especie humana continúa gestionando el conocimiento y ante la ausencia de normas claras y universales para conseguir su uso correcto, muchos recelan que acabemos bajo la férula de instancias anónimas, cada vez menos y cada vez más poderosas, contra cuyos dictámenes nadie podrá reclamar, y que permitirá a gentes sin escrúpulos ejercer un control cada vez más exhaustivo sobre todos nosotros. Si esto ocurriese alguna vez, nos asemejaríamos, cada vez más, a los miembros de un termitero o de una colmena. Y ello acabaría definitivamente con los independientes, los poetas, los heterodoxos y los soñadores. Y, desde luego, con los filósofos.
Impact of openness to experience on project success with mediating role of creativity and moderating ROLE OF uncertainty avoidance
Authors:   Riphah International University, Islamabad, Pakistan, Mailk Marina
Published: September 2021

The purpose of the study was to examine the impact of openness to experience on project success with the mediating role of creativity and moderating role of uncertainty avoidance. Data were collected from 100 project managers by using questionnaires. In order to analyze the relationship regression and correlation techniques were used, which indicated the positive impact of openness to experience on creativity. The results of study indicated positive and significant impacts of predictors on response variables.
Neuroprotective effects of proanthocyanidins of grape seed extracts against oxidative stress and apoptosis induced by 6-hydroxydopamine in PC12 cells
Authors: Rodrigues Patricia de Araújo Rorigues , Maia de Morais Selene , Fernandes Pereira Juliana , Costa de Assis Albert Layo , Aragão Alves Amanda , Machado Nuno Jesus , Pinto Vieira Ícaro Gusmão , Santos do Carmo Marta Regina , Andrade Geanne Matos de
Published: September 2021

A doença de Parkinson (DP) é um distúrbio neurológico caracterizado pela destruição neuronal dopaminérgica. Devido à óbvia existência de ácidos graxos poliinsaturados (PUFA) principalmente em sementes de uva, Vitis Vinifera L era mais comumente usado em doenças cardiovasculares. O objetivo deste estudo foi investigar o papel das proantocianidinas do extrato de semente de uva exibindo efeitos neurocitoprotetores contra a citotoxicidade induzida por 6-hidroxidopamina (6-OHDA) em células PC12, prevenindo a depleção do conteúdo de GSH e reduzindo os níveis de nitrito e malondialdeído. As células foram pré-tratadas com proantocianidinas (100 µg / ml) e subsequentemente expostas a 6-OHDA a 50% da concentração letal. Nossos resultados demonstraram que a resposta ao PA em células PC12 aumentou significativamente a viabilidade celular, diminuiu a citotoxicidade. A atividade de apoptose induzida por OHDA foi determinada por citometria de fluxo usando anexina v e caspase-3 clivada e expressão de caspase-7 foram analisadas por western blot. Além disso, medimos marcadores de estresse oxidativo, como; Níveis de MDA, GSH e nitrito em células PC12. As proantocianidinas preveniram a citotoxicidade induzida por 6-OHDA, preveniram a depleção do conteúdo de GSH e reduziram os níveis de nitrito e malondialdeído. Além disso, as proantocianidinas atenuaram a redução induzida por 6-OHDA das proteínas caspase-3 e caspase-7 clivadas. Esses resultados sugerem que as proantocianidinas protegem as células PC12 contra a neurotoxicidade induzida pela 6-OHDA por meio da atividade antioxidante e apoptótica.
O ensino remoto frente ao covid-19 em uma instuição privada: a realidade de Sobral (CE)
Authors: Lopes Soares Stela , Caetano Freire Aguiar Viviany , Marques Souto Araújo Ilani , Bruna Faustino Moura Jéssica , Queiroz Allen Palacio Diogo , Araújo Douglas Prado , Leitão Hamilton Vale , Ferreira Heraldo Simões
Published: September 2021

O objetivo deste trabalho é compreender as lacunas na formação docente de professores por meio do Ensino Remoto em uma Instituição de Ensino Superior (IES) privada, frente a pandemia do COVID-19, no município de Sobral-Ceará, Brasil. Trata-se de uma pesquisa descritiva- observacional, de abordagem quanti-qualitativa realizado entre os meses de abril e junho de 2020. Os dados evidenciaram que os professores tiveram o estranhamento inicial, uma vez que de todos fomos surpreendidos pela pandemia, mas que buscaram uma nova forma de realizar sua prática docente, revisitando suas leituras, buscando novos conhecimentos, vislumbrando com isso, a nova didática a que todos nós deveremos nos acostumar. O levantamento das opiniões dos professores sobre a formação neste período nos mostrou fragilidades da formação inicial, mas também no próprio fazer docente, todavia que foi possível identificar que a formação continuada cursadas pelos mesmos nos apontou caminhos de como trilhar outras formações de forma contextualizadas e concisas, que reverberem nos trabalhos de sala de aula e para o seu desenvolvimento profissional.
Публічна дипломатія США в добу холодної війни. Як США завойовували «серця та розум людей» (у дзеркалі розсекречених документів ЦРУ)
Authors:   Національний інститут стратегічних досліджень, Дубов Д. В.
Published: September 2021

Висвітлено еволюцію становлення організаційної системи публічної дипломатії США з початку 60-х і до середини 80-х років ХХ століття – моменту найбільш гострого протистояння з Радянським Союзом. На базі розсекречених документів показано, як відбувався цей процес, які організації були до нього долучені, як вибудовувалася система координації різних відомств та якою мірою до публічної дипломатії було залучене розвідувальне товариство. Подано висновки для української управлінської практики та надано рекомендації щодо можливостей імплементації цього досвіду при становленні системи публічної дипломатії в Україні. Матеріал буде цікавий державним службовцям, які відповідають за публічну дипломатію в Україні й залучені до розбудови системи стратегічних комунікацій України, фахівцям з національної безпеки (щодо практики координування діяльності різних безпекових відомств у США), науковцям (державне управління, політологія, міжнародні відносини, історія, американістика) та особам, які вивчають розбудову державної інформаційної політики та зовнішніх комунікацій держави.
Організація системи забезпечення національної стійкості на регіональному і місцевому рівнях
Authors:   Національний інститут стратегічних досліджень, Резнікова О. О. , Войтовський К. Є. ,   Національний інститут стратегічних досліджень, Лепіхов А. В. ,   Національний інститут стратегічних досліджень
Published: September 2021

Досліджено методологічні, організаційні, правові, політичні та інші аспекти забезпечення стійкості регіонів і територіальних громад. Проаналізовано кращі світові практики в цій сфері на прикладах формування та функціонування округів безпеки Нідерландів і місцевих форумів стійкості Великої Британії. Визначено проблеми та перспективи забезпечення стійкості регіонів і територіальних громад в Україні. Запропоновано рекомендації щодо формування комплексної моделі міжвідомчої взаємодії та координації діяльності у сферах національної безпеки та стійкості на регіональному і місцевому рівнях в Україні. Розраховано на експертів, науковців, фахівців у сфері національної безпеки, суб’єктів владних повноважень, представників громадських організацій та окремих громадян, усіх, хто цікавиться проблемами розбудови національної стійкості. Видання також може стати в пригоді під час розроблення та ухвалення нормативно-правових актів, що регулюватимуть правовідносини в цій сфері.
Ключові виклики для розвитку громадянського суспільства, 2020. Стан розвитку громадянського суспільства в Україні у 2020 році
Authors:   Національний інститут стратегічних досліджень, Корнієвський О. , Сидоренко Д. ,   Національний інститут стратегічних досліджень, Пеліванова Н. ,   Національний інститут стратегічних досліджень
Published: September 2021

Проаналізовано основні тенденції розвитку громадянського суспільства в Україні. Визначено ключові виклики у сфері формування та реалізації державної політики сприяння інститутам, організаціям громадянського суспільства. Висвітлено діяльність організацій громадянського суспільства в різних соціальних сферах. Подано рекомендації щодо нормативно-правового забезпечення їхньої діяльності, розвитку інституційної стійкості організацій громадянського суспільства. Адресовано державним службовцям і посадовим особам органів місцевого самоврядування, політикам і експертам, усім, хто виявляє інтерес до проблематики утвердження громадянського суспільства в Україні як гарантії її демократичного розвитку.
Україна і країни Східної, Південно-Східної та Південної Азії: підсумки 2020 року та перспективи розвитку
Authors:   Національний інститут стратегічних досліджень, Гончарук А. З. , Дроботюк О. В. ,   Київський національний економічний університет ім. В. Гетьмана, Кіктенко В. О. ,   Інститут сходознавства ім. А. Ю. Кримського НАН України
Published: September 2021

Вислів «ХХІ століття буде століттям Азії» став одним з найуживаніших серед експертів-міжнародників. Пропонований читачеві огляд «Україна і країни Східної, Південно-Східної та Південної Азії: підсумки 2020 року та перспективи розвитку» яскраво ілюструє його справедливість. Автори спромоглися у загалом невеликому за обсягом тексті дати не лише глибокий аналіз політичних, економічних, торговельних, інвестиційних зв’язків України з величезним регіоном земної кулі, а й окреслити головні напрями розвитку цього динамічного обширу. В огляді цілком очікувано значну увагу надано відносинам України з Китайською Народною Республікою. КНР стала у 2020 р. головним торговельним партнером України, є одним з найбільших інвесторів, а у перспективі може посісти у цій сфері перше місце. Справедливо відзначається справжній прорив, який здійснив на китайський ринок український аграрний комплекс. Є й інші сфери, в яких вітчизняні експортери очікують на успіх. Зазначено й проблеми. Йдеться про неякісний вітчизняний інвестиційний клімат, часті зміни у законодавстві, відсутність верховенства права, а в ряді випадків – бюрократичну тяганину у розгляді й реалізації спільних проєктів. Українській стороні варто зважити на те, як будують свої торговельно-економічні відносини з КНР наші сусіди, країни Європейського Союзу.
MEDIA ALTERNATIF KACANG TANAH UNTUK PERTUMBUHAN BAKTERI
Authors: Zamilah Mily , Ruhimat Undang , Setiawan Doni
Published: September 2021

Mahalnya media instan mendorong para peneliti untuk menemukan media alternatif dengan bahan-bahan yang mudah didapat dan tidak membutuhkan biaya yang mahal. Komposisi media yang sangat penting untuk pertumbuhan bakteri salah satunya adalah protein. Kandungan tersebut bisa diperoleh dari kacang-kacangan salah satunya kacang tanah (Arachis hypogaea L). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pertumbuhan bakteri Staphylococcus aureus dan Escherichia coli pada media kacang tanah yang digunakan sebagai media alternatif substitusi Nutrient Agar (NA). Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah Total Plate Count. Jumlah koloni bakteri Escherichia coli yang tumbuh pada media kacang tanah sebanyak 43 CFU, dan jumlah koloni yang tumbuh pada media NA sebanyak 238 CFU. Sedangkan pertumbuhan jumlah koloni bakteri Staphylococcus aureus pada media kacang tanah sebanyak 32 CFU dan jumlah koloni yang tumbuh pada media NA sebanyak 217 CFU.  Kesimpulannya adalah media kacang tanah dapat digunakan sebagai media alternatif dengan pertumbuhan bakteri Escherichia coli dan Staphylococcus aureus yang sesuai dengan Standar Plate Count.
GAMBARAN PROTEINURIA PADA IBU HAMIL TRIMESTER III DI RUMAH SAKIT KOTA PALEMBANG TAHUN 2019
Authors: Mutiara Rezky Desty , Navianti Diah , Nurhayati
Published: September 2021

Preeklampsia merupakan penyakit gangguan pada kehamilan. Preeklampsia adalah adanya hipertensi disertai dengan edema akibat kehamilan dan tanda yang paling penting adalah adanya proteinuria. Proteinuria timbul lebih lambat pada kehamilan awal hingga akhirnya mucul pada akhir trimester kehamilan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran proteinuria pada ibu hamil trimester III di Rumah Sakit Palembang tahun 2019 berdasarkan umur, status gravida, status pekerjaan, riwayat penyakit hipertensi dan penambahan berat badan selama kehamilan. Penelitian ini bersifat Cross Sectional. Sampel penelitian sebanyak 65 orang ibu hamil trimester III yang diambil dengan teknik accidental sampling. Pemeriksaan proteinuria menggunakan metode carik celup yang dibaca dengan alat urine analyzer verify U120. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan sebanyak 23,1% positif satu dan 7,7% positif dua; Persentase terbesar adanya protein dalam urine terjadi pada ibu hamil berdasarkan umur ibu yang berisiko <20 atau ?35 tahun (36,4%), berdasarkan status gravida pada primigravida (53,6%), berdasarkan status pekerjaan pada kelompok IRT (37,5%), berdasarkan riwayat penyakit dengan adanya riwayat penyakit sebelum kehamilan (100%), berdasarkan penambahan berat badan pada kategori obesitas (50%). Disarankan kepada ibu hamil untuk melakukan pemeriksaan urine lengkap setiap melakukan pemeriksaan laboratorium.
PERBANDINGAN PEMBERIAN ADSORBEN CANGKANG TELUR AYAM TERHADAP PENURUNAN BILANGAN ASAM DAN PEROKSIDA MINYAK JELANTAH PADA TEMPERATUR TINGGI DAN RUANG
Authors: Djayasinga Rodhiansyah , Fitriany Khairuni
Published: September 2021

Perbaikan mutu minyak jelantah dapat dilakukan dengan menurunkan kadar  bilangan asam dan peroksida. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kadar asam dan peroksida, serta suhu efektif pencampuran adsorben cangkang telur ayam untuk menurunkan kadar asam dan peroksida. Penelitian ini bersifat ekperimen dengan dua perlakuan. Perlakuan pertama  sample minyak jelantah dicampur adsorben cangkang telur ayam pada temperatur tinggi, selanjutnya diaduk dan dipisahkan antara endapan dan supernatan, kemudian ditentukan kadar bilangan peroksida dan bilangan asam, perlakuan kedua sama seperti perlakuan pertama hanya berbeda temperatur yaitu pada temperatur ruang. Adapun variable bebas dalam penelitian ini adalah temperatur yang terdiri dari temperatur tinggi dan temperatur ruangan. Variabel terikat pada penelitian adalah kadar bilangan asam dan peroksida. Hasil penelitian dianalisa menggunakan bivariat uji Independen T-test diketahui terdapat perbedaan signifikan penurunan kadar bilangan asam dan peroksida (p value = 0,000) dengan tingkat kepercayaan 95%.  Berdasarkan uji analisa univariat diketahui temperatur efektif digunakan untuk menurunkan kadar asam lemak bebas dan peroksida dalam minyak jelantah mengunakan adsorben cangkang telur yakni pada temperatur ruang.
PERBANDINGAN LARUTAN FIKSATIF NAFS DENGAN ALKOHOL 96%-NBF 10% DALAM PEMBUATAN BLOK SEL PADA SAMPEL CAIRAN PLEURA
Authors: Inderiati Dewi , Eka Pratiwi Bella
Published: September 2021

Cairan pleura merupakan cairan yang berada di rongga pleura, diantara pleura viseralis dan pleura parietalis. Analisis cairan pleura wajib dilakukan pada semua kasus penyakit yang menimbulkan efusi pleura. Pemeriksaan sitopatologi memberikan indikasi pertama keganasan pada efusi ganas, salah satunya dengan pembuatan blok sel. Tahapan pembuatan bloksel diawali dari fiksasi untuk mempertahankan komponen sel serta keadaannya mendekati seperti aslinya. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui perbandingan kualitas hasil pemeriksaan sitopatologi dari pembuatan blok sel yang menggunakan larutan fiksatif Nathan Alcohol Formalin Substitute (NAFS) dan alkohol 96%-NBF 10% pada sampel cairan pleura. Penelitian eksperimental ini menggunakan desain penelitian cross-sectional. Hasil penelitian terhadap 13 sampel cairan pleura dalam pembuatan sediaan blok sel dengan larutan fiksatif NAFS serta sediaan blok sel dan larutan fiksatif alkohol 96%-NBF 10% menunjukan tidak terdapat perbedaan bermakna pada gambaran morfologi sel, banyaknya sel yang dihasilkan, banyaknya sel ganas yang teranalisa, penyerapan pewarnaan, dan sensitivitas sitodiagnosis. Berdasarkan hasil dari penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa alkohol 96%-NBF 10% dapat digunakan sebagai larutan alternatif untuk fiksatif pada sampel cairan pleura.
KORELASI ANTARA KADAR HbA1c DENGAN LAJU FILTRASI GLOMERULUS (LFG) PADA PASIEN DIABETES MELITUS
Authors: Martini Widhyasih Retno , Nur Puspa Sari Ria , Mujianto Bagya
Published: September 2021

Diabetes Melitus (DM) merupakan kelainan metabolik dengan karakteristik hiperglikemia berkepanjangan dengan risiko komplikasi pada ginjal. Kontrol glikemik dapat dipantau dengan pemeriksaan HbA1c. Kontrol glikemik yang buruk dapat menyebabkan penurunan fungsi ginjal yang dapat dinilai dari laju filtrasi glomerulus (LFG). LFG diukur menggunakan kadar kreatinin serum dengan menggunakan persamaan Modification of Diet in Renal Disease (MDRD). Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui korelasi antara kadar HbA1c dengan LFG pada pasien DM. Metode penelitian secara observasional analitik dengan disain cross sectional terhadap 90 data rekam medis pasien DM tahun 2019 di RSUD Budhi Asih, yang melakukan pemeriksaan HbA1c dan kreatinin serum sebagai dasar perhitungan LFG. Analisis data dengan uji korelasi Spearman’s dengan CI 95% (?=0,05). Hasil penelitian didapatkan rata-rata kadar HbA1c adalah 7,9% artinya sebagian besar pasien memiliki kadar HbA1c yang buruk dan hasil rata-rata LFG adalah 60 mL/min/1,73m2 artinya sebagian besar pasien memiliki nilai LFG<90 mL/min/1,73m2 dan mengindikasikan adanya gangguan pada fungsi ginjal. Hasil korelasi Spearman’s menunjukkan arah negatif (r) sebesar -0,396. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa semakin tinggi kadar HbA1c maka semakin kecil nilai LFG sehingga pasien DM harus melakukan kontrol glikemik secara rutin guna mencegah terjadinya penurunan fungsi ginjal yang dapat mengarah pada kejadian komplikasi.
THE IMPACTS OF URBANISATION ON AVIAN COMMUNITIES OF LAHORE
Authors: Saad Khan Muhammad , Javeed Fatima , Anbrine Shama
Published: September 2021

This paper aims to study the impact of infrastructure development on the indigenous avian ecology of a geographic location and focuses on critically observing the role of human interventions in influencing biodiversity within a region. Objectively this research is to identify existing biodiversity of bird species and impacts of urbanisation on the diversity of avian communities in the study areas. For this purpose, this study has examined native avian communities along two Canal areas of Lahore, one being the heavily urbanized Lahore branch of the Upper Bari Doab Canal (popularly known as the Lahore Canal) and the other relatively less populated Ichhogil Canal (popularly known as Bambawali- Ravi-Bedian or in short BRB Canal). The primary objectives are to study the ecological biodiversity of avian communities in the selected study areas along BRB Canal and Lahore Canal and to highlight the effect of urbanization on the biodiversity of avian species along the selected study areas. Through the above objectives, the study focuses on establishing grounds that bird species which are more adaptable towards an urbanized environment are thriving at the cost of once indigenous and successful bird species. Further, the research also highlights the fact that an insensitive approach towards infrastructure development can destroy the ecology of a region and reduce the variety of avian species that otherwise may thrive in natural habitat. Keywords: Birds, Lahore Canal, biodiversity, bird communities, urbanisation, Avian communities.
SPIRIT OF THE PLACE: EVOLUTIONAND TRANSFORMATION OF ISTANBUL CHOWK, LAHORE
Authors: Sajjad Faisal , Naz Neelum , Abbas Anjum Ghulam
Published: September 2021

The main focus of this research is the study of Istanbul Chowk, Lahore from the perspective of its historical evolution during the British Colonial period and post partition transformation. This area was known as 'Exhibition Road' during the British times and Patras Bukhari Chowk after partition, named after the famous writer and the former principal of Government College of Lahore. The name 'Istanbul Chowk' was given later, named after the city of Istanbul in Turkey. This is the first chowk or public space on the west end of the Mall Road, institutional in character and an example of 19th century colonial planning. The Mall Road is named after the central street of London, which leads from Buckingham Palace to Trafalgar Square. Ceremonial royal processions pass down the Mall. This road was planned in 1851 by Col. Napier to connect the city with the new cantonment that was 7 miles to the east. The theoretical aspect of 'Colonial spatial imagination' is discussed in connection with the design of this unified urban space in its form and character. The intangible aspects of urban culture contributing towards the construction of 'spirit of place' over a period of time extending into the post partition era have also been explored. This research paper also studies the post partition gradual transformation of this place and identifies the spatial changes and loss of urban heritage which played an important role in forming the identity and spirit of this place. Keywords: Place making, colonial spatial imagination, genius loci, palimpsest, Lahore
INCREASING TREND TOWARDS PASSIVE RECREATION IN THE METROPOLITAN
Authors: Asim Muhammad , Khan Shirwani Rumana , Gulzar Saima
Published: September 2021

Man is the basic entity of this universe, from the origin till now struggling for betterment in life with well organized mechanism pursing all the deeds for comfort and easiness. Man has made a lot of progress and advancement for pursuing daily routine work with the advancement of science and technology. Along with these advancements a number of subjects have evolved for serving human beings, which specifically work for the comfort of their social living and to aid physically and mentally, within an environment; like sociology, psychology environment and above all town planning. This study is conducted to highlight the changing trends of recreation from active to passive. The priorities of people engaging in different types of recreation have changed. People today prefer to go shopping, picnicking, watching movies and indoor sports instead of engaging in physical activities and sports like cricket, football, basketball, badminton, volleyball. The fact for this shift in trends are technological advancements in the field of communication, poor planning concepts, security threats and changed concepts of parenting focused on bounding children at home. Such shifts are physically deteriorating our younger generation leading them to slackness and laziness. Thus, planning objective of healthy society cannot be achieved and at present there is a need to conduct research on this issue and highlight the factors that are responsible for this change. This research visualizes the crucial aspects and puts forward policy recommendation for planners by using quantitative research approach based on qualitative survey. Keywords: Active recreation, passive recreation, technological advancement
ARCHITECTURE A SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY REFORMING URBAN SURROUNDINGS A BARRIER FREE RESPONSIVE ENVIRONMENT ENABLING LIMITED ABILITY: CASES FROM KARACHI, PAKISTAN
Authors: Afzal Silwat
Published: September 2021

The built environment is a complex outcome of a society's geo-political and socio-economic development. An important consideration is the status of existing facilitation systems for population with disabilities in a developing country. International researches indicate that about one-tenth of the global population can be categorized in this human slab. Multiple predicaments such as climate change, induced disasters, violence, conflict, terror strikes, urban and regional hazards are constantly adding more people in this category. A review and basic observation of the built environment in Pakistan, including larger cities such as Karachi, reveal that the existing profile of various building types are grossly unsuitable to accommodate the users with frail and limited abilities. Common facilitation elements such as ramps, support balustrades, guiding rails, exclusive toilets, appropriate aisles and corridors, ventilation and daylight assistance mechanisms and other necessary ingredients are scantily found in these buildings. This shortcoming exists in many of the designed buildings and spaces for healthcare, education, social welfare, commercial centers, housing schemes, etc. The practice of accepting construction with a deficit built environment remains insensitive to people with disabilities and a major disrepute to architects, engineers, all professional saviors of the building industry and environment. This paper explores the current status of response preparedness and intervention in the domain of Karachi's surroundings. Drawing from the existing literature, the paper adopts a case based approach to identify the various dimensions of built environment to establish their suitability for accommodating the specific requirements for population with limited abilities. Case studies of hospitals and educational facilities have been taken from Karachi. The pivotal role of local architects and urban planners has been appraised in this scenario. The paper concludes with design advise derived from the research analysis.
PENGGUNAAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN CONTEXTUAL TEACHING AND LEARNING MENINGKATKAN KETERAMPILAN PASSING BOLA BASKET PADA MATA PELAJARAN PENJAS ORKES KELAS IX MTS NEGERI 1 KOTA SERANG
Authors: Ahpudin Ahpudin
Published: September 2021

This research was conducted in class IX G MTs Negeri 1 Kota Serang with 28 students, nine male students, and 19 female students in the 1st semester of the 2015-2016 academic year. The stages are planning, implementing, observing, and reflecting in each cycle, and this research was completed in two cycles. The research data obtained through observations by researchers is data on the results of learning the skills of passing big ball games obtained through performance from the psychomotor domain. Data analysis in this study used descriptive analysis using percentage techniques to see trends that occur in learning activities. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of the Contextual Teaching and Learning learning model in improving basketball passing skills in the IX class of Penjas Orkes subjects at MTs Negeri 1 Kota Serang semester 1 of the 2015-2016 academic year. Based on the results of this study, it can be concluded that the Contextual Teaching and Learning learning model can improve basketball passing skills in the IX class of Penjas Orkes subjects at MTs Negeri 1 Kota Serang in the 2015-2016 academic year, where learning outcomes in the initial conditions are 67.86% or 19 students, at the end of the first cycle it became 78.57% or 22 students. Atat the end of the second cycle, it became 92.86% or 26 students.
PENGARUH MEDIA SOSIAL DAN LINGKUNGAN SOSIAL SEKOLAH TERHADAP PERILAKU RELIGIUS SISWA
Authors: Rojak Rojak , Zuhri Saifuddin , Sastradiharja Junaedi
Published: September 2021

This study aims to determine and test empirical data related to the influence of media and school social environment on students' religious behavior separately or simultaneously. In this study, the authors used a survey method with a correlational and regressive approach to quantitative data obtained from the research object, namely the students of class XI at Madrasah Aliyah Negeri 17 Jakarta. The sample of this study were one hundred eight respondents from a total of one hundred forty-four population of class XI students of Madrasah Aliyah Negeri 17 Jakarta in the odd semester of the 2020/2021 school year. The data was collected using a questionnaire / questionnaire technique, observation, and documentation. The type of analysis used is correlation and regression analysis which is described descriptively. The results of the research are:
First, there is a positive and significant influence of social media on students' religious behavior with a correlation coefficient (r) of 0.425 and a coefficient of determination (R2) of 18.1%. The direction of influence is shown by the regression equation Ŷ = 88.429 + 0.228 X1, it can be read that every 1 point increase in social media (X1) will be followed by an increase in students' religious behavior (Y) of 0.228 points.
Second, there is a positive and significant influence of the school social environment on students' religious behavior with a correlation coefficient (r) of 0.358 and a coefficient of determination (R2) of 12.8%. The regression equation Ŷ = 88.429 + 0.156 X2, it can be read that every 1 point increase in the school social environment (X2) will be followed by an increase in students' religious behavior (Y) of 0.156 points.
Third, there is a positive and significant influence on social media and the school social environment simultaneously on students' religious behavior. The correlation coefficient is 0.483 while the coefficient of determination is 23.3%. The regression equation Ŷ = 88.429 + 0.28 X1 + 0.156 X2. From this equation it can be read that every 1 point increase in social media (X1) and the school social environment (X2) together will be followed by an increase in students' religious behavior (Y) of 0.384 points.
PEMANFAATAN MEDIA THINGLINK UNTUK MENGEMBANGKAN LITERASI SAINS SISWA DALAM PEMBELAJARAN IPA SAAT PANDEMI DI MTs N 34
Authors: Ning Wahyuni Budi Dwi
Published: September 2021

This study aimed to determine the use of thinglink media for the development of scientific literacy in science learning during the pandemic. This type of research is a classroom action research with a qualitative descriptive method. The data obtained show that 29 students of grade 7.3 can understand scientific literacy with moderate and high qualifications of 40%. The understanding of scientific literacy in this qualification is in the aspect of students' abilities in a personal context and scientific attitudes in support of inquiry activities. Meanwhile, students' abilities in evaluating and designing scientific investigations and interpreting scientific evidence and data are still in low qualification (60%). The ratio of values in cycles 1 and 2 is 40%: 51%. The selection of the right measuring instrument to be embedded in the thinglink media dramatically affects the learning process and measures students' understanding of scientific literacy during the pandemic.
URGENSI LITERASI DIGITAL BAGI WIDYAISWARA
Authors: Rahmat Ranti Nuranita , Restendi Dedi
Published: September 2021

The digital era is marked by the shift of mechanical and analog technology to digital technology. The transfer of technology has led to the disruption of human culture. One of them is in the way of thinking and acting, especially for professionals. Today, a professional must have digital literacy competence, namely the ability to access, manage, understand, integrate, communicate, evaluate, and create information safely and precisely through digital technology. Widyaiswara is a related profession. Questions arise related to this, namely, "Why must digital literacy be mastered by widyaiswara, and for what?" A literature review has been conducted on ten journal articles published in Google Scholar to answer these questions. The results of the study concluded that digital literacy competence could answer the challenges of training in terms of the ability to update information, use gadgets and applications as sources of information, process and present information from training teaching materials, and finally, take an essential role in facing the pattern of distance training implementation based on e-learning application with its various sophistications. The results of the review are expected to provide insight and can be used as literature for further research.
A Theory of Change for a Technology-Enhanced Education System in Bangladesh
Authors: Clark-Wilson Alison , Bashir Amreen , Kaye Tom
Published: September 2021

An output of the EdTech Hub, https://edtechhub.org
Upaya Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Seni Budaya Siswa Kelas IX melalui Model Project Based Learning
Authors: Kusnawan Heri
Published: September 2021

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui penerapan model project based learning dalam meningkatkan hasil belajar seni budaya siswa. Indikator hasil belajar siswa yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini diantaranya adalah; dapat mengeksplore, mendesain, dan mempublikasikan/memamerkan karya seni musik recorder. Penelitian ini dilakukan di kelas IX di salah satu SMP Negeri di Kabupaten Bogor, Indonesia. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan mengambil 2 siklus penelitian, setiap siklus penelitian terdiri dari dua pertemuan, Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa hasil belajar siswa tuntas pada siklus I sebesar 68,75% siswa dengan hasil rata-rata kelas sebesar 76,88 dan hasil belajar siswa tuntas pada siklus II sebesar 87,5% siswa dengan hasil rata rata kelas sebesar 86,9. Dengan demikian pembelajaran dengan model project based learning berhasil meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa dalam mempelajari materi teknik penjarian recorder.
Whose Water? A Comparative Analysis of National Laws and Regulations Recognizing Indigenous Peoples’, Afro-descendants’, and Local Communities’ Water Tenure
Authors:   Rights and Resources Initiative,   Environmental Law Institute
Published: September 2021

This report presents an innovative, international comparative assessment on the extent to which various national-level legal frameworks recognize the freshwater tenure rights of Indigenous Peoples, Afro-descendants, and local communities, as well as the specific rights of women to use and govern community waters.
HUBUNGAN KONDISI LINGKUNGAN DENGAN TINGKAT KONSENTRASI SISWA KELAS III MI MIFTAHUL AKHLAQIYAH SEMARANG
Authors: Zulfiani Rizqy , Zulaikhah
Published: September 2021

Penelitian yang dilaksanakan di MI Miftahul Akhlaqiyah Semarang ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan kondisi lingkungan dengan tingkat konsentrasi belajar pada siswa. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian yaitu kuantitatif korelasional, yang diukur dengan menggunakan angket skala likert dengan rentang skor 3-1 (setuju, ragu-ragu, dan tidak setuju). Peneliti mengambil seluruh populasi sebagai sampel sebanyak 56 siswa dari keseluruhan siswa yaitu 56 siswa yang terdiri dari kelas III A dan III B. Jenis hubungan dalam penelitian ini adalah asosiatif interaktif, yaitu hubungan antara satu variabel dengan variabel lain yang saling mempengaruhi. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan angket. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis dengan uji Pearson(Product Moment) pada tarif signifikansi 5%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan yang signifikan dengan kategori positif  (+), yang artinya semakin baik faktor kondisi lingkungan maka semakin baik pula tingkat konsentrasi belajar anak. Hal ini dapat dibuktikan dengan nilai signifikansi antara kondisi lingkungan dengan tingkat konsentrasi belajar siswa dengan Sig. 0,000 (Sig0,05) dan nilai pearson correlation pada variabel tersebut menunjukkan nilai sebesar 0,534 (rhitungrtabel) dengan nilai rtabel adalah 0,263 maka Ha diterima dan Ho ditolak sehingga terdapat hubungan yang signifikan dengan kategori positif antara variabel kondisi lingkungan dengan variabel tingkat konsentrasi siswa kelas III MI Miftahul Aklaqiyah Semarang.
Influence of product quality, price, and promotion on purchase decision of Philips Products
Authors: Firmansyah Firmansyah
Published: September 2021

The purpose of this study, among others, is to partially determine the effect of product quality on purchasing decisions for Philips products at PT. Sumber Peni Karya Pekanbaru, to partly assess the impact of price on buying decisions for Philips products at PT. Sumber Peni Karya Pekanbaru, to determine the effect of promotion partially on purchasing decisions at PT. Sumber Peni Karya Pekanbaru, and to assess the impact of product quality, price, and promotion simultaneously on purchasing decisions at PT. Source of Peni Karya. The population in this study amounted to 47 people, while the sample obtained was 47 samples. The data analysis technique used multiple linear regression analysis. The results of this study are that product quality affects purchasing decisions, and the price has a significant effect on purchasing decisions. The promotion does not affect purchasing decisions, and product quality, price, and advertising have a simultaneous or simultaneous impact on buying decisions.
PENGARUH KOMPETENSI APARATUR DESA, SISTEM PENGENDALIAN INTERNAL DAN KOMITMEN ORGANISASI TERHADAP AKUNTABILITAS PENGELOLAAN DANA DESA DI KECAMATAN MUARA ENIM KABUPATEN MUARA ENIM
Authors: Zulkifl Zulkifl , Sandrayati Sandrayati , Ariani Neni
Published: September 2021

The purpose of this research is to determine the influence of village apparatus competency, internal control system, and organizational commitment to accountability of village fund management in Muara Enim Subdistrict, Muara Enim Subdistrict. The population in this study is village apparatus in ten villages in Muara Enim Subdistrict which is 70 people. With purposive sampling techniques, this study sampled as many as 40 respondents. The data is collected by distributing questionnaires directly to respondents. The data analysis technique used is multiple linear regression with SPSS version 25 software. The results showed the competence of village apparatus, internal control system and organizational commitment together have a positive and significant effect on the effectiveness of village fund management in Muara Enim Subdistrict, Muara Enim Regency. In part, the competence of village apparatus has a positive and significant effect on the accountability of village fund management. The control system has a positive and significant effect on the accountability of village fund management. The organization's commitment has a positive and significant impact on the accountability of village fund management.
Structural Constraints to African Continental Free Trade Area: Prospects, Issues and Policy Options
Authors: Kanayo Ogujiuba
Published: September 2021

The foremost intents of the African Continental Free Trade Area (AfCFTA) predicates on the integration of the African continent into mobile flows of trade and investment. This framework is structured to boost industrial development within the continent. However, statistics show an abysmal trade performance for Africa in comparism to the rest of the world. In contrast, projections indicate that the benefactors of the AfCFTA framework would be SMEs in the short term, which account for more than 75% of the continent’s businesses. Notwithstanding Africa’s resolve to disassemble trade restrictions, barricades to intra-African trade have persisted. Conversely, the scheduling of AfCFTA stands in sharp contrast with an international perspective framed by a tenacious increase in trade-restrictive processes. The pertinent question remains, can the objectives of AfCFTA increase Intra African Trade, given the persistent structural barriers in the continent. Using a desktop approach and secondary data, this article examines contemporary issues, which encumber trade within and amongst the regional blocks. From our examination, the foremost obstacle to AfCFTA have a fundamental political focus rather than an economic dimension. Accomplishing AfCFTA objectives would entail a strong political will and efforts by political leaders in Africa; if the barriers are effectively fixed, AfCFTA could attain a welfare improvement projected at over 16 billion dollars.
Authorship Proliferation of Research Articles in Top 10 Orthopaedic Journals: A 70-Year Analysis
Authors: Lutnick Ellen , Cusano Antonio , Sing David , Curry Emily J. , Li Xinning
Published: September 2021

Introduction:

Scholarly impact has been used to measure faculty productivity and academic contribution throughout academia. Traditionally, the number of articles authored has been the primary metric for scholarly impact regarding academic promotion and reputation. We hypothesize that over time, the nature of authorship has evolved to include more authors per research article throughout the history of orthopaedic literature.

Methods:

Bibliometric data for all original research article abstracts were extracted from PubMED for the 10 highest rated H5-index orthopaedic clinical journals (“American Journal of Sports Medicine,” “Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery American Volume,” “Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research “Spine,” “Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology, Arthroscopy,” “Journal of Arthroplasty,” “Arthroscopy,” “The Spine Journal,” “European Spine Journal,” and “Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery British Volume/Bone & Joint Journal”). The number of authors per article was then analyzed over time using the Cochran-Armitage trend test.

Results:

A total of 106,529 original articles were analyzed over a 70-year period. The number of authors increased significantly over time from a mean of 1.4 authors (SD: 0.62) in 1946 to 5.7 authors (SD: 3.1) in 2019, representing an average relative increase of 4.3% per year (P < 0.05). The three oldest journals had the lowest average authors (Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery Am Volume: 1946, mean 3.7 authors [SD: eight]; Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery Br Volume/Bone & Joint Journal: 1948, mean: 3.6 authors [SD: 7.5]; Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research: 1963, mean 3.3 authors [SD: 2.9]). The three newest journals had the highest average authors (European Spine Journal: 1992, mean 5.3 authors [SD: 3.3]; Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology, Arthroscopy: 1993, mean 5.5 authors [SD: 6.7 authors; The Spine Journal: 2003, mean 5.2 authors [SD: 3.6]).

Discussion:

Original research articles published in orthopaedic academic journals have experienced an increase in authorship over time. Although our data cannot explain what has driven this change, increasing cooperation between collaborators may represent less contribution per author over time.
Growth Sectors in Morocco and Investment Potential: A Quantitative Analysis
Authors: Pouya Pascal , Khayati Aziz , Chatouane Kamal
Published: September 2021

During the 1990s Morocco implemented a series of major institutional and economic reforms that made the country politically stable and helped it to withstand the destabilizing effects of the Arab Spring. Political reforms resulted in the adoption of a new constitution in 2011, was followed by initiatives to improve justice, public administration, the fight against corruption, and to strengthen governance, transparency, and ethics in public life. The country also embarked on a regionalization of public policies and decentralization of administration to ensure an integrated and durable regional development. This reform momentum was further emphasized by the King of Morocco when in his 2019 throne speech he stressed that “… the stake is thus to rebuild a strong and competitive economy, by encouraging the private initiative, while launching new productive investment plans and by creating new job opportunities…”

During two last decades Morocco recorded relatively solid economic and social results due to significant public investments and structural reforms aiming to: (i) stabilize the macroeconomic framework by reducing domestic and external vulnerabilities, in particular through the gradual suppression of subsidies for energy products and some foodstuffs; (ii) improve the framework of management of public finance through the adoption of a new Organic Law of Finance in 2015; and (iii) support the diversification and the competitiveness of the national economy. Morocco also reinforced its sectorial policies through plans for sector development aiming at enhancing the economic growth potential and the creation of jobs, including in the manufacturing sectors with significant added value in sectors such as the automotive, aeronautics and pharmaceutical products.

The Moroccan economy has demonstrated an appreciable resilience in the face of an international context characterized by a succession of crises. The rate of growth of real GDP improved on average annually from 3.1% during the 1990s to nearly 4.2% on average annually between 2007 and 2018, sustained by the tertiary sector’s dynamism which posted an increase in its value added of 4.2%, contributing of 2.1 points in the GDP (Figure 1).

The secondary sector also showed a similar tendency with a 3.3% increase in added value, carrying with it 0.9 percentage points contribution in economic growth, while the primary sector added value grew by 4.4% for a contribution to the growth of the GDP of 0.6 point (DEPF, 2019).