bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Structure formation and interrelation of individual institutions of carbon units market
Authors: Ordov K. , Kovalenko Y. , Kovalenko S.
Published: February 2023

Justification. Climate change affects people's lives and health in different ways. It threatens the basic ingredients of good health and could undermine decades of progress in global health. Greenhouse gas emissions resulting from the extraction and burning of fossil fuels make a major contribution to both climate change and air pollution. Many strategies and individual measures can reduce greenhouse gas emissions and bring significant co-benefits to the environment. One of the tools to solve this problem is the creation of carbon unit markets. Countries around the world are developing carbon markets as a management mechanism to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and mitigate the effects of anthropogenic climate change. The purpose of the study is to study the institutional approaches of the carbon units market. The work is theoretical in nature and is aimed at assessing carbon markets and the interconnection of individual institutional structures to achieve the overall goal of reducing greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. The study determines the study of foreign and domestic experience in the formation of the structure and interrelation of individual institutions of the carbon units market. This article examines the structure and interrelation of individual institutions of the carbon units market. This market consists of a regulated and voluntary market. A regulated carbon market is born out of laws prescribing emission reductions. Governments set maximum emission limits for each company. Conversely, the voluntary carbon market operates without government regulation. These markets are institutions designed to solve the transnational problem of collective action on climate change. They offer countries the opportunity to invest in more cost-effective mitigation options. Due to the growing interest in reducing greenhouse gas emissions, this type of market is rapidly developing the carbon industry. The tools that enterprises can use in these markets are also reflected. These are carbon quotas and carbon offsets.
Bildgebende Diagnostik bei pulmonaler Hypertonie
Authors: Gertz Roman Johannes , Kröger Jan Robert , Rosenkranz Stephan , Bunck Alexander Christian
Published: February 2023

Die pulmonale Hypertonie (PH) ist ein häufiges und komplexes Krankheitsbild. Unabhängig von ihrer Ätiologie geht sie mit einer hohen Morbidität und Mortalität einher. Im multidisziplinären diagnostischen Algorithmus und Management der PH kommt dem Radiologen bei der frühzeitigen Diagnosestellung, der Subklassifikation und der Prognoseabschätzung eine wegweisende Rolle zu.
Conservative Treatment of Huge Hepatic Subcapsular Hematoma
Complicated with Hepatic Infarction after Cesarean Section Caused by HELLP
Syndrome – a Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Liu Jun , Liu Li , Liao Guangyuan , Yao Lifeng
Published: February 2023

Hepatic subcapsular hematoma and hepatic infarction in labor are mostly secondary
to HELLP syndrome and preeclampsia. There are few reported cases with a
complicated diagnosis and treatment and high mortality. Here, we present a case
of a huge hepatic subcapsular hematoma complicated with hepatic infarction after
cesarean section that was secondary to HELLP syndrome and the patient was
treated conservatively. Further, we have discussed the diagnosis and treatment
of hepatic subcapsular hematoma and hepatic infarction caused by HELLP
syndrome.
A Retrospective Analysis of Risk Factors and Impact of Acute Kidney
Injury in Critically Ill Children
Authors: Celegen Kubra , Celegen Mehmet
Published: February 2023

Background Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a serious clinical condition in
critically ill children and is associated with worse outcomes. A few pediatric
studies focused on the risk factors of AKI. We aimed to identify the incidence,
risk factors, and outcomes of AKI in the pediatric intensive care unit
(PICU).

Patients and methods All the patients admitted to PICU over a period of 20
months were included. We compared both groups the risk factors between AKI and
non-AKI.

Results A total of 63 patients (17.5%) of the 360 patients
developed AKI during PICU stay. The presence of comorbidity, diagnosis of
sepsis, increased PRISM III score, and positive renal angina index were found to
be risk factors for AKI on admission. Thrombocytopenia, multiple organ failure
syndrome, the requirement of mechanical ventilation, use of inotropic drugs,
intravenous iodinated contrast media, and exposure to an increased number of
nephrotoxic drugs were independent risk factors during the hospital stay. The
patients with AKI had a lower renal function on discharge and had worse overall
survival.

Conclusions AKI is prevalent and multifactorial in critically sick
children. The risk factors of AKI may be present on admission and during the
hospital stay. AKI is related to prolonged mechanical ventilation days, longer
PICU stays, and a higher mortality rate. Based on the presented results early
prediction of AKI and consequent modification of nephrotoxic medication may
generate positive effects on the outcome of critically ill children.
The Associations of Dietary Vitamin K Intake and Circulating Vitamin
25(OH)D with Serum Lipoprotein Levels: The Vitamin Deficiency
Matters
Authors: Varsamis Nikolaos , Christou Georgios A , Derdemezis Christos , Tselepis Alexandros , Kiortsis Dimitrios
Published: February 2023

A synergistic interplay between vitamins K and D appears to exist. We aimed to
investigate for the first time whether the associations of dietary vitamin K
intake and circulating 25(OH)D with serum lipoprotein levels are influenced by
the existence of deficiency of either or both vitamins K and D. Sixty
individuals [24 males, 36(18–79) years old] were examined. Vitamin
deficiency of K1 and D were defined as vitamin K1 intake/body weight
(BW)<1.00 μg/kg/day and circulating
25(OH)D<20 ng/ml, respectively. In individuals with
vitamin K1 deficiency, the vitamin K1 intake/BW correlated positively
with high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) (r=0.509,
p=0.008) and negatively with serum triglycerides (TG)
(r=–0.638, p=0.001), whereas circulating 25(OH)D
correlated negatively with TG (r=–0.609, p=0.001). In
individuals with vitamin D deficiency, the vitamin K1 intake/BW
correlated positively with HDL-C (r=0.533, p=0.001) and
negatively with TG (r=–0.421, p=0.009), while
circulating 25(OH)D correlated negatively with TG (r=–0.458,
p=0.004). The above-mentioned associations of vitamin K1
intake/BW and circulating 25(OH)D with serum lipoproteins were not
detected in individuals without vitamin K1 deficiency or the ones without
vitamin D deficiency. The vitamin K2 intake/BW correlated negatively
with low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) (r=–0.404,
p=0.001). In conclusion, the associations of vitamin K1 intake with TG
and HDL-C and of circulating 25(OH)D with TG were more pronounced in individuals
with deficiency of either or both vitamins K1 and D. Increased dietary vitamin
K2 intake was associated with decreased LDL-C.
Role of various scattering mechanisms on the resistivity of Pr-doped high-Tc cuprate superconductor YBa2Cu3O7–δ
Authors: Parmar Akanksha , Dimri A. K. , Bera M. K.
Published: February 2023

In this paper, we theoretically studied the electrical resistivity of the heavily Pr-doped YBa2Cu3O7−δ single crystal high-Tc superconductor cuprate. The proposed formulation expands the concept of relaxation times from frequency (energy) line widths for multiple scattering processes by leveraging electron quantum dynamics with the aid of the double-time electron Green function. A thorough analysis was carried out to investigate the effect of dopant-atom scattering as well as magnon scattering on the temperature and reduced frequency dependences of electrical resistivity in the temperature range of 20–300 K. An acceptable level of agreement between theory and experiment has been achieved.
Anomalous behavior of magnetic linear dichroism in HoFe3(BO3)4 crystal with spiral magnetic ordering
Authors: Kachur I. S. , Piryatinskaya V. G.
Published: February 2023

Spectra of magnetic linear dichroism of the optical transition 5I8 → 5F3 were studied in the HoFe3(BO3)4 single crystal as a function of magnetic field directed along the trigonal c axis at the temperature 2 K. It has been found that dichroism in the basal plane appears even in low magnetic field in the easy-axis state of the crystal. This indicates a violation of the axial symmetry of spiral structure of Ho magnetic moments. Moreover, the sign of dichroism is changed with the change of the magnetic field sign both below and above the field of spin-reorientation transition. This could mean that the average magnetic moment of three Ho3+ ions forming the spiral rotates in magnetic field both relative to the c axis and in the ab plane.
Gut-on-a-chip models for dissecting the gut microbiology and physiology
Authors: Valiei Amin , Aminian-Dehkordi Javad , Mofrad Mohammad R. K.
Published: February 2023

Microfluidic technologies have been extensively investigated in recent years for developing organ-on-a-chip-devices as robust in vitro models aiming to recapitulate organ 3D topography and its physicochemical cues. Among these attempts, an important research front has focused on simulating the physiology of the gut, an organ with a distinct cellular composition featuring a plethora of microbial and human cells that mutually mediate critical body functions. This research has led to innovative approaches to model fluid flow, mechanical forces, and oxygen gradients, which are all important developmental cues of the gut physiological system. A myriad of studies has demonstrated that gut-on-a-chip models reinforce a prolonged coculture of microbiota and human cells with genotypic and phenotypic responses that closely mimic the in vivo data. Accordingly, the excellent organ mimicry offered by gut-on-a-chips has fueled numerous investigations on the clinical and industrial applications of these devices in recent years. In this review, we outline various gut-on-a-chip designs, particularly focusing on different configurations used to coculture the microbiome and various human intestinal cells. We then elaborate on different approaches that have been adopted to model key physiochemical stimuli and explore how these models have been beneficial to understanding gut pathophysiology and testing therapeutic interventions.
Numerical solutions of fractional epidemic models with generalized Caputo-type derivatives
Authors: Hajaj Rasha , Odibat Zaid
Published: February 2023

Recently, a general framework of fractional operators, that includes the Caputo model as a particular case, has been introduced and some applications in the area of fractional calculus have been presented. In this paper, novel fractional epidemic models with generalized Caputo-type derivatives were proposed. The universal predictor-corrector method was modified here to deal with the considered epidemic models for the purposes of simulation. The behavior and complex dynamic of these hybrid fractional epidemic models were studied using the modified method. The dynamics of the generalized Caputo-type fractional SIR, HIV and SEIR models were investigated by numerical simulation. Basically, the effect of generalized Caputo-type fractional derivative operator parameters on the dynamic behavior of the proposed epidemic models was discussed.
Real-world CMB lensing quadratic estimator power spectrum response
Authors: Carron Julien
Published: February 2023

I describe a method to estimate response matrices of Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) lensing power spectra estimators to the true sky power under realistic conditions. Applicable to all lensing reconstruction pipelines based on quadratic estimators (QE), it uses a small number of Gaussian CMB Monte-Carlos and specially designed QE's in order to obtain sufficiently accurate matrices with little computational effort. This method may be used to improve the modelling of CMB lensing band-powers by incorporating at least some of the non-idealities encountered in CMB lensing reconstruction. These non-idealities always include masking, and often inhomogeneous filtering, either in the harmonic domain or pixel space. I obtain these matrices for Planck latest lensing reconstructions, and then show that the residual couplings induced by masking explain very well the residual multiplicative bias seen on the Planck simulations, removing the need for an empirical correction.
Compression Tests at High Strain Rate on 3D-Printed CuCrZr Alloy Specimens - Material Model Calibration
Authors: Cortis D , Mancini E , Nisi S , Orlandi D , Stefano P Di , Utzeri M , Sasso M
Published: February 2023

CuCrZr alloy is used to produce actively cooled components for high heat flux elements of beamlines and for heat sink of plasma facing components in nuclear fusion devices such as ITER and DEMO. It has an excellent thermal conductivity and specific mechanical strength, together with a high electrical conductivity that is giving high push to its use. Recently, CuCrZr alloy was also considered as an attractive material for Additive Manufacturing, leading to extend its application in the field of strain rate studies. As a matter of fact, its strain rate dependency is playing an important role for vertical target plasma-facing units components uses as heat sink in the ITER divertor or as structural material for actively cooled plasma facing components. This paper describes the results obtained by quasi-static and dynamic compression tests carried out on CuCrZr specimens produced by laser Powder Bed Fusion (PBF), with Selective Laser Melting (SLM) technology. Quasi-static tests have been conducted by means a servo-hydraulic tensile machine, while a direct tension-compression split Hopkinson bar has been used to perform the tests at high strain rate. Since dedicated heat treatments are required to obtain optimal combination of strength, ductility, and conductivity, some of the specimens have been heated up to 560 – 580 °C for 4 – 5 h and then cooled in air. Eventually, the calibration of the most appropriate constitutive models for 3D-printed CuCrZr alloy deformed at high strain rate has been carried out by means an inverse analytical procedure.
Optimal Experiment Design for the estimation of building wall material thermal properties
Authors: Jumabekova Ainagul , Berger Julien
Published: February 2023

The estimation of wall thermal properties through an inverse problem procedure enables to increase the reliability of the model predictions for building energy efficiency. Nevertheless, it requires to define an experimental campaign to obtain on-site observations for existing buildings. The design of experiments enables to search for the optimal measurement plan that ensure the highest precision of the parameter estimation. For on-site measurement in buildings, it seeks an answer to several questions such as number and position of sensors, period and duration of the experimental campaign. In this article, the Optimal Experiment Design (OED) methodology is applied for a multi-layer building wall to resolve the aforementioned issues.
A Richardson-Lucy Algorithm Based Blind Deconvolution to Decouple the Two Unknown Spatial-Temporal SRAM Margin Variations
Authors: Yamauchi Hiroyuki , Somha Worawit
Published: February 2023

A Richardson-Lucy algorithm (RLA) based blind deconvolution with a new filter design technique was successfully developed. This allowed decoupling and retrieving of the information of the two unknown factors at once for the Random Temporal Variation (RTV) and the Random Spatial Variation (RSV). The variations of SRAM operating voltage (VDDMIN) are caused by the two coupled factors of RTV and RSV. Thus, this decoupling technique is prerequisite for the margin analysis. The designs of the device characteristics and the screening test conditions based on the analysis results were briefly demonstrated. The proposed filter design technique for the RLA based blind deconvolution allowed to circumvent the ill-conditioning ringing phenomena. This gives to enjoy the advantage in convergence speed and simplicity of the RLA. The relative errors of the blind-deconvolution for the RSV and RTV distributions were reduced to less than 0.3% within only 300-iteration cycles compared with the conventional one.
A theoretical and numerical study of oblique scattering by an inhomogeneous cylinder
Authors: Gintides D , Giogiakas S , Mindrinos L
Published: February 2023

We consider the solvability of the direct scattering problem of an obliquely incident time-harmonic electromagnetic wave by a piecewise constant inhomogeneous, penetrable and infinitely long cylinder. The three-dimensional problem described by the Maxwell’s equations reduces to a set of two-dimensional Helmholtz equations, but with the transmission conditions having also tangential derivatives of the fields. The ellipticity of the problem is proven through the Shapiro-Lopatinskij condition. Then, classical techniques can be used to prove the uniqueness and existence of the solution. For the numerical solution, we consider quadrature rules and we derive convergent representations for both the near- and far-fields.
Identification of the inflow source in a foul sewer system through techniques of inverse modelling
Authors: Tanda Maria Giovanna , D’Oria Marco , Secci Daniele , Todaro Valeria
Published: February 2023

Infiltration and illegal inflow into foul sewer systems can cause different problems such as a decrease in the performance of treatment plants, the surcharge of pipelines and more frequent overflows, which cause negative impacts on the environment. Water companies are increasingly been driven to address these problems by reducing infiltrations and identifying the sources of illegal inflows. Overall, the traditional techniques applied in these cases are expensive and time consuming and many times only partially efficient. Examples are the use of CCTV inspections, smoke tests and the installation of a large set of sensors to collect continuous data such as flow rates, water levels, temperature or concentrations of pollutants. The aim of this study is to apply two types of inverse numerical techniques to identify the source location of illegal inflows into wastewater systems based on information collected at the outlet of the drained basin and a calibrated numerical model of the sewer network. In this work, the numerical model is developed using the Storm Water Management Model (SWMM) software distributed by the Environmental Protection Agency (USA). We considered a realistic foul sewer system with known dimensional and hydrological characteristics. Synthetic case studies are set up to test the inverse approaches. Assuming a hypothetical rainfall event and an illegal inflow released at a certain location in the sewer system, the numerical model is run forward to obtain the flow hydrograph at the network outlet. This information is then used as available observations to perform the inverse modelling. The first investigated technique is an artificial neural network (ANN) of the feed-forward type. It will be trained to recover the inflow source using the simulation results of SWMM driven by a large set of rainfall events and inflows located at different positions in the sewer network. Once trained, the ANN will be used to identify the location of the inflow based the observed flood wave. The second procedure derives from Kalman filter techniques: the Ensemble Smoother with Multiple Data Assimilation (ES-MDA). Also in this case, the method, starting from the known rainfall event and the observed flow hydrograph, is used to locate the inflow source. In addition to the results of the synthetic case obtained by means of the two procedures, the field applicability to real case studies will be discussed.
A hybrid algorithm to solve a nonlinear inverse problem of boundary conditions and damage identification
Authors: Hong H , Bel S , Baranger T N
Published: February 2023

In this communication we present a method exploiting displacement data measured at accessible parts of solid’s boundary, for the solution of boundary conditions and damage identification problems encountered in mechanics. Targeted applications are made of materials presenting a nonlinear mechanical behavior with damage-based approaches. A hybrid algorithm has been developed in order to identify the missing data by minimizing a gap-functional. It takes into account the incremental mechanical behavior of the material and the damage evolution inside the solid via the concept of piloting. An application on a solid made of mortar with synthetic measurements is presented to illustrate the efficiency and robustness of the algorithm.
Identification of tissue and therapy parameters from surface temperature.
Authors: Fernández Antoni Bancells
Published: February 2023

The temperature distribution of human body tissues, when electromagnetic waves are applied, is studied with the help of the bioheat equation, which is characterised by several thermal parameters, such as thermal conductivity, perfusion frequency or metabolic heat. There are also electromagnetic parameters, such as electrical conductivity and dielectric constant. Besides, therapy parameters, such as the applied power should be considered. If the values of all these parameters are known, the time evolution of the temperature can be determined. Some of these values can be found in specialised databases, and others are unknown but approximate values can be obtained by reasonable estimations. The outcome of simulations depends heavily on the parameter values. Surface temperature helps in providing better estimates of the parameter values. Once these parameters are identified, medical analyses can be performed to assess the dosimetry of the radiation so that it does not damage tissues, for example. The surface temperature is obtained from a sequence of thermographic images. Based on these experimental data, an algorithm is applied to find the values of the needed parameters. The model is simulated iteratively, adjusting the parameters at each step, reducing the approximation error between the simulation and the data. This is an optimization problem that belongs to the realm of inverse problems. It can be solved using techniques based on the gradient concept, however, this problem can be ill-conditioned, so probabilistic or evolutionary algorithms are also used. In this paper, the simulation is made using a method based on Legendre wavelets. It is proposed that the subsequent optimization is made using an evolutionary algorithm, that has shown great robustness in the problems where it has been applied. As far as known, it has never been applied to the bioheat equation. This is the aim of this work.
Present Situation of Non-Value-Added Activities of BIM Application in Water Conservancy Projects-- A Survey Based on TOE Framework
Authors: Zhang Jiayi
Published: February 2023

BIM technology is widely used in today’s construction industry. Compared with the construction industry, China lacks in-depth research on BIM’s application to water conservancy sectors and there are many problems. Based on the application of BIM in the water industry, this study introduces the TOE framework to focus on the non-value-added activities in the use of BIM, and analyzes the non-value-added activities in the application and promotion of BIM in the water industry that affect the priority allocation of resources and other issues, and finds that the technical aspect is the biggest problem in the promotion of BIM.
Numerical Analysis and Experiments on Heavy Oil Heating of Shipwrecks
Authors: Du Guangming , Zhang Wei , Zhang Puyang , Liu Jingjing
Published: February 2023

Analyze the change of oil temperature flow times during the heating process of wreck heavy oil and the temperature gradient change in the radiation area of the heating source. Using the result guide the heating process of low-temperature underwater oil recovery operations on the wreck. fluid software was used for the analysis process of the numerical simulation, and the physical model test is a simulation test of low temperature underwater electromagnetic heating of heavy oil. In this way, data related to the heating process of heavy oil can be obtained. from the numerical analysis results and the physical model test results, it can be concluded that the numerical simulation results are similar to the experimental verification results. The result can be used for engineering guidance. Due to the physical properties of heavy oil, the oil temperature decays faster during the heating process and the radiation effect of heat source is small, using the electromagnetic heater heats the heavy oil in the oil tank, and the heavy oil can be heated to meet the requirements of the pumping operation in a short time. The calculation model parameters are derived from actual operations. Numerical calculations and physical test results are of great significance to engineering guidance and can guide the underwater cryogenic oil pumping operation of shipwrecks.
RD50-MPW3: a fully monolithic digital CMOS sensor for future tracking detectors
Authors: Sieberer P. , Zhang C. , Bergauer T. , Casanova R. , Irmler C. , Karim N. , Mazorra de Cos J. , Pilsl B. , Vilella E.
Published: February 2023

The CERN-RD50 CMOS working group develops the RD50-MPW series of monolithic high-voltage CMOS pixel sensors for potential use in future high luminosity experiments such as the HL-LHC and FCC-hh. In this contribution, the design of the latest prototype in this series, RD50-MPW3, is presented. An overview of its pixel matrix and digital readout periphery is given, with discussion of the new structures implemented in the chip and the problems they aim to solve. The main analogue and digital features of the sensor are already tested and initial laboratory characterisation of the chip is presented.
Thermal and humidity monitoring in “Cold” silicon-based high energy physics detectors
Authors: Kapic A. , Tsirou A. , Verdini P.G. , Carrara S.
Published: February 2023

As high readout channel density and compact design become the norm for HEP detectors so is the detector cooling at temperatures below the experimental site dewpoint. This increases the importance of humidity and temperature monitoring systems that are also adapted to the detector environment. The proposed systems for temperature and humidity monitoring are developed targeting compactness, cost, and seamless integration to the CMS DSS/DCS systems. Therefore, this paper presents a novel design for a standalone system, able to condition up to 24 temperature sensors. The proposed temperature monitoring system is aimed at many hundreds of RTD sensors with modest space and price requirements. For humidity monitoring, we have identified a potential sensing element and designed, built and tested the conditioning electronics capable of nullifying the capacitance of the long cables.
Effect of CrYN/TiBN coating on friction performance and corrosion resistance of 316 stainless steel in artificial seawater
Authors: Yu Yunjiang , Li Man , Zou Changwei , Tian Canxin , Xiang Yanxiong
Published: February 2023

CrYN, TiBN, and CrYN/TiBN coatings were successfully deposited on 316 stainless steel substrates via multi-arc ion plating techniques to improve their wear and corrosion resistance properties in marine environments. The morphology, microstructure, friction performance, and corrosion resistance of the three coatings in artificial seawater were systematically studied. X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy investigations confirmed a dominant face-centered cubic CrN structure, accompanied by hexagonal TiB2and amorphous BN in CrYN/TiBN coatings. The SEM cross-section shows that the TiBN and CrYN/TiBN coatings have a more compact cross-sectional structure than the CrYN monolayer coating. The CrYN/TiBN coatings exhibited the lowest smooth friction coefficient in artificial seawater, and the wear rate was ranked as TiBN < CrYN/TiBN < CrYN. Surface morphological studies performed after tribocorrosion revealed that the protection ability of all three coatings remained acceptable. The electrochemical test showed that the corrosion tendency was CrYN/TiBN < TiBN < CrYN, and the CrYN/TiBN coating had the best performance in the AC impedance spectrum and polarization curve.
Cation trivalent tune of crystalline structure and magnetic properties in coprecipitated cobalt ferrite nanoparticles
Authors: Prasetya Nurdiyantoro Putra , Setiyani Riyana Indah , Utari  , Kusumandari Kusumandari , Iriani Yofentina , Safani Jamhir , Taufiq Ahmad , Wibowo Nur Aji , Suharno Suharno , Purnama Budi
Published: February 2023

CoFe2O4, CoBi0.1Fe1.9O4, CoLa0.1Fe1.9O4, and CoAl0.1Fe1.9O4 nanoparticles were successfully synthesized by the coprecipitation method. After annealing at 700 °C for 5 h, the x-ray Diffractometer results confirm that a single phase of cobalt ferrite-based nanoparticles is obtained, which is suitable for ICDD 22-1086. The addition of Bi3+, La3+ and Al3+ ions to the cobalt ferrite nanoparticles modified the crystallite size and lattice constant. Trivalent metal cation substitution tunes the crystallite size which has also been confirmed by measuring the grains with Scanning Electron Microscope images. In the Far Transform Infra-Red curve, the addition of metal ions (Bi3+, La3+, and Al3+) to cobalt ferrite nanoparticles resulted in absorption peaks at the tetrahedral and octahedral sites without any additional absorption peaks. The VSM results showed that saturation magnetization decreased drastically in the presence of trivalent non-magnetic cations, which confirms the replacement of Fe3+ by trivalent non-magnetic cations. The kOe order of the coercive field was obtained in this experiment. The largest coercive field of the cobalt ferrite nanoparticles was obtained with the addition of La3+ ions, i.e. 3.67 kOe suggest to support both Jahn-Teller effect and strain-induced magnetism.
Mobilizing through dialogue: building interdisciplinary partnerships among forest health, wildland fire, and public health sectors to find solutions to address the impact of wildland fire smoke on communities
Authors: D’Evelyn SM , Blancas M , Pollowitz M , Haugo RD , Masuda YJ , Prichard SJ , Ray K , Walker EG , Spector JT
Published: February 2023

The impact of smoke from wildland fires on communities across the western United States is an interdisciplinary crisis that requires an interdisciplinary solution. There are increasing calls for cross-collaboration between forest, fire, air quality, and public health practitioners to best prepare communities for ever-worsening smoke seasons. However, opportunities to engage interdisciplinary groups of practitioners and stakeholders on this topic have been largely missing. We report on the development and implementation of a hybrid in-person and online workshop that brought together practitioners from Washington State to foster new interdisciplinary relationships and partnerships in order to integrate public health considerations into forest management during and beyond fire season. This workshop highlighted ways in which hybrid workshops can facilitate discussions across traditionally siloed stakeholders to address the community health crisis of wildfire smoke and illuminate tangible steps for further facilitating integrated discussions around a shared area of interest. Key lessons included the importance of introductory meetings for establishing strong collaborations and the strength of hybrid settings for fuller participation by diverse stakeholders. This manuscript outlines ways in which local practitioners from other smoke-impacted communities can begin to build and utilize interdisciplinary partnerships to prepare and adapt for longer and more severe wildland fire smoke seasons.
A deep investigation of NiO and MnO through the first principle calculations and Monte Carlo simulations
Authors: Alaei Mojtaba , Karimi Homa
Published: February 2023

In this study, we use Hubbard-corrected density functional theory (DFT+U) to derive spin model Hamiltonians consisting of Heisenberg exchange interactions up to the fourth nearest neighbors and bi-quadratic interactions. We map the DFT+U results of several magnetic configurations to the Heisenberg spin model Hamiltonian to estimate Heisenberg exchanges. We demonstrate that the number of magnetic configurations should be at least twice the number of exchange parameters to estimate exchange parameters correctly. To calculate biquadratic interaction, we propose specific non-collinear magnetic configurations that do not change the energy of the Heisenberg spin model. We use classical Monte Carlo (MC) simulations to evaluate DFT+U results. We obtain the temperature dependence of magnetic susceptibility and specific heat to determine the Curie–Weiss and Néel temperatures. The MC simulations reveal that although the biquadratic interaction can not change the Néel temperature, it modifies the order parameter. We indicate that for a fair comparison between classical MC simulations and experiments, we need to consider the quantum effect by applying

(
S
+
1
)

/

S

correction in classical MC simulations.
Developing novel machine-learning-based fire weather indices
Authors: Shmuel Assaf , Heifetz Eyal
Published: February 2023

Accurate wildfire risk estimation is an essential yet challenging task. As the frequency of extreme fire weather and wildfires is on the rise, forest managers and firefighters require accurate wildfire risk estimations to successfully implement forest management and firefighting strategies. Wildfire risk depends on non-linear interactions between multiple factors; therefore, the performance of linear models in its estimation is limited. To date, several traditional fire weather indices (FWIs) have been commonly used by weather services, such as the Canadian FWI.@Traditional FWIs are primarily based on empirical and statistical analyses. In this paper, we propose a novel FWI that was developed using machine learning—the machine learning based fire weather index (MLFWI). We present the performance of the MLFWI and compare it with various traditional FWIs. We find that the MLFWI significantly outperforms traditional indices in predicting wildfire occurrence, achieving an area under the curve score of 0.99 compared to 0.62–0.80. We recommend applying the MLFWI in wildfire warning systems.
Designing polar textures with ultrafast neuromorphic features from atomistic simulations
Authors: Prosandeev Sergey , Prokhorenko Sergei , Nahas Yousra , Yang Yali , Xu Changsong , Grollier Julie , Talbayev Diyar , Dkhil Brahim , Bellaiche L
Published: February 2023

This review summarizes recent works, all using a specific atomistic approach, that predict and explain the occurrence of key features for neuromorphic computing in three archetypical dipolar materials, when they are subject to THz excitations. The main ideas behind such atomistic approach are provided, and illustration of model relaxor ferroelectrics, antiferroelectrics, and normal ferroelectrics are given, highlighting the important potential of polar materials as candidates for neuromorphic computing. Some peculiar emphases are made in this Review, such as the connection between neuromorphic features and percolation theory, local minima in energy path, topological transitions and/or anharmonic oscillator model, depending on the material under investigation. By considering three different and main polar material families, this work provides a complete and innovative toolbox for designing polar-based neuromorphic systems.
Proposing an LCA methodology for the assessment of neighbourhood refurbishment measures
Authors: Slabik Simon , Storck Michael , Zernicke Caya , Hafner Annette
Published: February 2023

Environmental impacts of new construction in the built environment have been determined for considerable time using life cycle assessments (LCAs). However, the significance of the existing building stock is neglected when considering environmental impacts at the level of embodied energy. Today alone, most of the buildings that will remain in place in 2050 are already in existence. For achieving national and international climate protection goals, the LCA of refurbishment measures is crucial. Thus, the link between building LCAs, which are conducted based on EN 15978, and refurbishment measures is established and ultimately transferred to the neighbourhood level. This paper provides a methodology in accordance with applicable standards to make use of a large activation potential in neighbourhoods. An initial focus is on the survey of the area to be investigated. The subdivision and typologisation of the building stock based on established toolboxes within the neighbourhood as well as the description of the implemented measures are besides in the focus of the methodology. Multiple scenarios for existing buildings in the neighbourhood combined with a consistent framework enables LCA to be conducted. The connection of the spatial component by a demarcated neighbourhood and the connection with the structural dimension by buildings enables a holistic view of refurbishment measures in the urban environment. As a link between the individual building and the municipality, the neighbourhood serves as a meso level.
Symmetries of Julia sets for rational maps
Authors: Ferreira Gustavo
Published: February 2023

Since the 1980s, much progress has been done in completely determining which functions share a Julia set. The polynomial case was completely solved in 1995, and it was shown that the symmetries of the Julia set play a central role in answering this question. The rational case remains open, but it was already shown to be much more complex than the polynomial one. Here, we offer partial extensions to Beardon’s results on the symmetry group of Julia sets, and discuss them in the context of singularly perturbed maps.
Autologous Fat Grafting in Female Genital Area Improves Sexual Function by Increasing Collagenesis, Angiogenesis, and Estrogen Receptors
Authors: Lai Ya-Wei , Wu Sheng-Hua , Chou Ping-Ruey , Lin Che , Yeh Jwu-Lai , Lin Tsai-Ming , Chai Chee-Yin , Hsieh Meng-Chien Willie , Huang Shu-Hung
Published: February 2023

Background

Vulvovaginal laxity, atrophic vaginitis, and orgasmic dysfunction are not only aesthetic but also sexual problems. Autologous fat grafting (AFG) facilitates tissue rejuvenation through the effects of adipose-derived stem cells; the fat grafts serve as soft-tissue filler. However, few studies have reported the clinical outcomes of patients undergoing vulvovaginal AFG.

Objectives

The aim of this study was to describe a new technique, micro-autologous fat transplantation (MAFT), for AFG in the vulvovaginal area. Posttreatment histologic changes in the vaginal canal that imply improved sexual function were assessed.

Methods

This retrospective study enrolled females who underwent vulvovaginal AFG performed through MAFT between June 2017 and 2020. Assessments were based on the Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) questionnaire and on histologic and immunohistochemical staining.

Results

In total, 20 female patients (mean age, 38.1 years) were included. On average, 21.9 mL of fat was injected into the vagina and 20.8 mL in the vulva and mons pubis area. Six months afterwards, the patients’ mean total FSFI score (68.6) was significantly higher than that at baseline (43.8; P < .001). Histologic and immunohistochemical staining of vaginal tissues revealed substantially increased levels of neocollagenesis, neoangiogenesis, and estrogen receptors. By contrast, the level of protein gene product 9.5, which is associated with neuropathic pain, was considerably lower after AFG.

Conclusions

AFG performed through MAFT in the vulvovaginal area may help manage sexual function–related problems in females. In addition, this technique improves aesthetics, restores tissue volume, alleviates dyspareunia with lubrication, and reduces scar tissue pain.
TAMPA: interpretable analysis and visualization of metagenomics-based taxon abundance profiles
Authors: Sarwal Varuni , Brito Jaqueline , Mangul Serghei , Koslicki David
Published: February 2023

Background

Metagenomic taxonomic profiling aims to predict the identity and relative abundance of taxa in a given whole-genome sequencing metagenomic sample. A recent surge in computational methods that aim to accurately estimate taxonomic profiles, called taxonomic profilers, has motivated community-driven efforts to create standardized benchmarking datasets and platforms, standardized taxonomic profile formats, and a benchmarking platform to assess tool performance. While this standardization is essential, there is currently a lack of tools to visualize the standardized output of the many existing taxonomic profilers. Thus, benchmarking studies rely on a single-value metrics to compare performance of tools and compare to benchmarking datasets. This is one of the major problems in analyzing metagenomic profiling data, since single metrics, such as the F1 score, fail to capture the biological differences between the datasets.

Findings

Here we report the development of TAMPA (Taxonomic metagenome profiling evaluation), a robust and easy-to-use method that allows scientists to easily interpret and interact with taxonomic profiles produced by the many different taxonomic profiler methods beyond the standard metrics used by the scientific community. We demonstrate the unique ability of TAMPA to generate a novel biological hypothesis by highlighting the taxonomic differences between samples otherwise missed by commonly utilized metrics.

Conclusion

In this study, we show that TAMPA can help visualize the output of taxonomic profilers, enabling biologists to effectively choose the most appropriate profiling method to use on their metagenomics data. TAMPA is available on GitHub, Bioconda, and Galaxy Toolshed at https://github.com/dkoslicki/TAMPA and is released under the MIT license.
Contrast subgraphs allow comparing homogeneous and heterogeneous networks derived from omics data
Authors: Lanciano Tommaso , Savino Aurora , Porcu Francesca , Cittaro Davide , Bonchi Francesco , Provero Paolo
Published: February 2023

Background

Biological networks are often used to describe the relationships between relevant entities, particularly genes and proteins, and are a powerful tool for functional genomics. Many important biological problems can be investigated by comparing biological networks between different conditions or networks obtained with different techniques.

Findings

We show that contrast subgraphs, a recently introduced technique to identify the most important structural differences between 2 networks, provide a versatile tool for comparing gene and protein networks of diverse origin. We demonstrate the use of contrast subgraphs in the comparison of coexpression networks derived from different subtypes of breast cancer, coexpression networks derived from transcriptomic and proteomic data, and protein–protein interaction networks assayed in different cell lines.

Conclusions

These examples demonstrate how contrast subgraphs can provide new insight in functional genomics by extracting the gene/protein modules whose connectivity is most altered between 2 conditions or experimental techniques.
Distributional data analysis of accelerometer data from the NHANES database using nonparametric survey regression models
Authors: Matabuena Marcos , Petersen Alexander
Published: February 2023

The aim of this paper is twofold. First, a new functional representation of accelerometer data of a distributional nature is introduced to build a complete individualized profile of each subject’s physical activity levels. Second, we extend two nonparametric functional regression models, kernel smoothing and kernel ridge regression, to handle survey data and obtain reliable conclusions about the influence of physical activity. The advantages of the proposed distributional representation are demonstrated through various analyses performed on the NHANES cohort, which possesses a complex sampling design.
Postcranial disparity of galeaspids and the evolution of swimming speeds in stem-gnathostomes
Authors: Gai Zhikun , Lin Xianghong , Shan Xianren , Ferrón Humberto G , Donoghue Philip C J
Published: February 2023

Galeaspids are extinct jawless relatives of living jawed vertebrates whose contribution to understanding the evolutionary assembly of the gnathostome bodyplan has been limited by absence of postcranial remains. Here, we describe Foxaspis novemura gen. et sp. nov., based on complete articulated remains from a newly discovered Konservat-Lagerstätte in the Early Devonian (Pragian, ∼410 Ma) of Guangxi, South China. F. novemura had a broad, circular dorso-ventrally compressed headshield, slender trunk and strongly asymmetrical hypochordal tail fin comprised of nine ray-like scale-covered digitations. This tail morphology contrasts with the symmetrical hypochordal tail fin of Tujiaaspis vividus, evidencing disparity in galeaspid postcranial anatomy. Analysis of swimming speed reveals galeaspids as moderately fast swimmers, capable of achieving greater cruising swimming speeds than their more derived jawless and jawed relatives. Our analyses reject the hypothesis of a driven trend towards increasingly active food acquisition which has been invoked to characterize early vertebrate evolution.
Anxiety in children and youth: Part 1—Diagnosis
Authors: Klein Benjamin , Rajendram Rageen , Hrycko Sophia , Poynter Aven , Ortiz-Alvarez Oliva , Saunders Natasha , Andrews Debra
Published: February 2023

Anxiety disorders are the most common mental health concerns affecting Canadian children and adolescents. The Canadian Paediatric Society has developed two position statements that summarize current evidence regarding the diagnosis and management of anxiety disorders. Both statements offer evidence-informed guidance to support paediatric health care providers (HCPs) making decisions around the care of children and adolescents with these conditions. The objectives of Part 1, which focuses on assessment and diagnosis, are to: (1) review the epidemiology and clinical characteristics of anxiety disorders and (2) describe a process for assessment of anxiety disorders. Specific topics are reviewed, including prevalence, differential diagnosis, co-occurring conditions, and the process of assessment. Approaches are offered for standardized screening, history-taking, and observation. Associated features and indicators that distinguish anxiety disorders from developmentally appropriate fears, worries, and anxious feelings are considered. Note that when the word ‘parent’ (singular or plural) is used, it includes any primary caregiver and every configuration of family.
L’anxiété chez les enfants et les adolescents – partie 2 : la prise en charge des troubles anxieux
Authors: Bobbitt Susan , Kawamura Anne , Saunders Natasha , Monga Suneeta , Penner Melanie , Andrews Debra
Published: February 2023

Les troubles anxieux sont les problèmes de santé mentale les plus courants chez les enfants et les adolescents canadiens. La Société canadienne de pédiatrie a préparé deux documents de principes qui résument les données probantes à jour sur leur diagnostic et leur prise en charge. Ces documents contiennent des conseils fondés sur des données probantes afin d’aider les professionnels de la santé à prendre des décisions à l’égard des soins aux enfants et aux adolescents atteints de ces troubles. La deuxième partie, qui porte sur la prise en charge, vise à 1) passer en revue les données probantes et le contexte de diverses approches cliniques qui combinent des interventions comportementales et pharmacologiques pour traiter les atteintes de façon appropriée; 2) décrire le rôle de l’éducation et de la psychothérapie pour la prévention et le traitement des troubles anxieux; 3) décrire l’utilisation de la pharmacothérapie, y compris les effets secondaires et les risques qui s’y rapportent. Les recommandations sur la prise en charge de l’anxiété reposent sur les lignes directrices à jour, une analyse bibliographique et un consensus d’experts. Il est à souligner que, dans le présent document, le terme « parent » (au singulier ou au pluriel) inclut les personnes qui s’occupent principalement de l’enfant et toutes les configurations familiales.