bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Escavações no sítio LII-29, sambaqui de Sereia do Mar
Authors: Peretti Wagner Gustavo
Published: November 2017

As escavações no Sambaqui de Sereia do Mar caracterizam uma tentativa de reconhecer as estruturas arqueológicas internas deste tipo de sítio arqueológico na Barreira da Itapeva, litoral norte do Rio Grande do Sul. O método de escavação empregado ocorreu através de níveis artificiais com 5cm em uma área total de 18m2. O sítio é basicamente formado por valvas de Mesodesma mactroides (Deshayes, 1854). Não foram identificadas evidências de estruturas de habitação nem sepultamentos. Os artefatos encontrados caracterizam-se por contas de colares e pingentes em ossos e conchas, bem como percutores, lâminas de machados semi-polidas, bigornas e placas polidas líticas. Ocorreram também lascas térmicas e lascas de preparação de instrumentos. As matérias primas líticas selecionadas compõe-se de basalto, diorito e o diabásio.
IDENTIFIKASI KODE JARI TANGAN PADA SISTEM OPERASI ANDROID DENGAN METODE EUCLIDEAN DISTANCE UNTUK SISTEM KUNCI PINTU
Authors: Fauziyah Santy , Sunarya Unang , Atmaja Ratri Dwi
Published: November 2017

Keamanan adalah kebutuhan vital bagi setiap manusia, baik untuk melindungi dirinya maupun materi yang dimilikinya. Banyaknya produsen yang memproduksi smartphone untuk berbagai macam kalangan ekonomi membuat sebagian besar lapisan masyarakat dapat mengenal dan menggunakan teknologi ini. Salah satu kelebihan sistem operasi android yaitu menyediakan platform terbuka bagi para pengembang untuk menciptakan aplikasi mereka sendiri. Dengan memanfaatkan fitur yang ditawarkan oleh sistem operasi android di atas, dalam penelitian ini direalisasikan sistem keamanan kunci pintu berbasis mikrokontroler yang diakses menggunakan citra kode jari tangan yang diambil menggunakan smartphone dan kemudian diolah menggunakan algoritma yang telah dirancang dengan metode klasifikasi Euclidean distance sehingga menghasilkan keputusan yang digunakan untuk mengeksekusi kunci pintu. Komunikasi antara smartphone dan hardware dilakukan dengan menggunakan bluetooth. Dari hasil penelitian diperoleh tingkat akurasi algoritma secara non-realtime adalah 86,11%. Tingkat akurasi sistem rata-rata secara realtime adalah 84%. Jarak jangkau maksimum komunikasi bluetooth antara aplikasi dan hardware adalah 16,9 meter.
MONITORING ELEKTROKARDIOGRAF MENGGUNAKAN TOPOLOGI MESH
Authors: Hadiyoso Sugondo , Mayasari Ratna
Published: November 2017

Penerapan wireless sensor node (WSN) telah banyak dikembangkan untuk aplikasi monitoring parameter kesehatan pasien, salah satunya digunakan pada perangkat elektrokardiogram. Pada penelitian sebelumnya, dibuat sistem monitoring EKG menggunakan topologi multipoint to point berbasis perangkat transceiver Xbee[1]. Sistem tersebut menggunakan tiga node sensor dengan satu node kordinator sebagai penerima data dari semua node sensor. Pada topologi tersebut, tidak terdapat node yang difungsikan sebagai router sehingga tidak ada rute alternatif jika terjadi kesalahan pada suatu node. Selain itu, tidak dapat digunakan untuk jarak transmisi yang lebih jauh. Solusi permasalahan tersebut adalah dengan mengaplikasikan topologi jaringan mesh. Sistem ini digunakan untuk aplikasi monitoring EKG secara real time yang terdiri dari 4 buah node sensor. Dimana 3 buah node sensor berfungsi sebagai router, 1 buah node sensor sebagai end device dan 1 buah kordinator pada bagian penerima sebagai pusat pengolah data. Dari hasil pengujian diperoleh bahwa data dari setiap node sensor diterima dengan baik. Penambahan karakter diperlukan untuk identifikasi sumber node. Proses routing berjalan dengan baik ketika ada node yang mengalami gangguan.
Dramatugi Penyiar Radio
Authors: Nora Hastika Yanti
Published: November 2017

Dramaturgy is the work of Erving Goffman. He wrote "Presentation of Self in Everyday Life" in '1959. Following the theatrical analogy, Goffman spoke of a front stage and back stage. The front stage is that part of the performance that generally functions in rather fixed and general ways to define the situation for those who observed the performance. The back stage is situation where facts suppressed in the front or various kinds of informal actions may appear. A back stage is usually adjacent to the front stage, but it also cut off from it. Everyone in this world have to run his role in their everyday life. It also a radio announcer. As an actor, they have to be a nice and friendy person when they perform to make air personality, that is  a good  impression, from their audience. But before their perform in the front stage, there so much to do to prepare in the backstage. The front and back stage is radio announcer dramaturgy.
Khalayak Media Baru
Authors: Malau Ruth
Published: November 2017

New media era brought a complex story about what is media audience nowadays. The situasion in this postmodernism world is quite different because audience has become more active in consuming the new media. The one that once known as mass audience has now dissapeared because of the popularity of the new media. When audience is no longer a mass, fandom emerge as one of the most known as the new media audience.
“The Body Shop” Belanja Idealisme VS Gengsi
Authors: Setyowati Retno Manuhoro
Published: November 2017

Identity formation is often manifested in the image of the media. These conditions are rarely noticed by individuals whose involved. Consumers are unwittingly caught up in the ever-popular culture simulakra invited into the circle of capitalism. Nowadays, to distribute beauty products, such strong idealism concepts are needed, focusing on the potential consumer, to regain their trust, by implementing pseudo-advantage values. A real example is The Body Shop products are adept at carrying the issues go green and respect for indigenous peoples. As a consumer of beauty products, women's position and then also becomes brittle by the temptations of mass media advertising for the construction of the concept of beauty has been tailored to the needs of capitalism that led to the maximum benefit.
Analisis Wacana Kritis Teks Berita Kasus Terbongkarnya Perlakuan Istimewa terhadap Terpidana Suap Arthalyta Suryani pada Media Online
Authors: Ellyawati Hetty Catur
Published: November 2017

Every choice of meaning is ideologically motivated. Ideology is most effective when its working is least visible. Interpreting ideology in a text can be seen from the choice of vocabulary and its grammatical construction. To analyze it we need to interpret not just the text but also the relationship between text, and its social condition. According to Fairclough, they can be grouped in three steps, those are description, interpretation and explanation. The stage of description is concerned with formal properties of the text, the interpretation is concerned with the relationship between text and its interactions, the explanation is concerned with the relationship between interpretation and social context.

This research aims to analysis the coverage about the revealed case of preferential treatment of Arthalyta Suryani, a convicted bribe, at Pondok Bambu detention written by two online media these are detikNews.com and kompas.com by analyzing their appraisal system and their intertextuality. From the data analysis, ideology of the two media about this case can be seen. The data is taken from the news posted on January the tenth to twelfth 2010. 

The methods used to analyze the data are referential method, substitusional method and abductive inference method.   Referential method is to analyze appraisal system and discursivity intertextuality of the text. In order to make the analysis of appraisal system valid, the substitusional method is needed. Then abductive inference method is needed to analyze manifest intertextuality of the text.

From the analysis of the data, it can be concluded that every media has its own way to state its ideology. The ideology has closed relation with target market that is the reader. DetikNews.com is strightforward and short news, with incisive vocabulary choices, they are related to news item genre that detikNews.com has, but this media is lack of intertextuality. It makes the news superficial. On the other way, kompas.com has a deep coverage and strong intertextuality, it is suitable for someone who wants comprehensive information.
Analisis Resepsi Penonton Atas Popularitas Instan Video Youtube Keong Racun Sinta dan Jojoe
Authors: Suryani Any
Published: November 2017

‘Keong Racun’ Sinta dan Jojo YouTube Video is the beggining of instant popularity phenomena. Video maker’s popularity is the result of viewers reception by watching their lipsync style singing a song titled ‘Keong Racun’.

Reception analysis conducted by semiotic analysis based on Triangle Meaning Theory by Pierce consisting of sign, object, and interpretant of the video.

The result of the semiotic analysis is the meaning as preferred reading which show narcissism’expression of the video maker to attrack viewers attention. Further, the research did indepth interview with four informants who randomly selected based on specific criterias (purposive sampling) to get their reception. The data of interview categorized and compared with preferred reading of the video so there are three positions of reception analysis : dominant-hegemonic reading, negotiated reading, and oppositional-hegemonic reading.
Analisis Pembingkaian Sosok SBY Dalam Buku “Membongkar Gurita Cikeas: Di Balik Skandal Bank Century” Karangan George Junus Aditjondro (Studi Analisis Teks Van Dijk)
Authors: Riyandari Defiana Tities
Published: November 2017

The book of “Membongkar Gurita Cikeas: Di Balik Skandal Bank Century” is George Junus Aditjondro’s an activist expression media to critic SBY works on his leadership period. This book contain the social construction in every chapters, texts and languages that written. The framing/construction implementation on this book is using framing analyze. First step is do the Van Dijk text analyze using the elements of tematic, skematic, semantic, sintacist, stilistic and retorist. The text analyze on the book of “Membongkar Gurita Cikeas” find the constructions on SBY’s frame.

 
Konstruksi Sosial Pemberitaan Kasus Simulator SIM di Media Online Kompas.com
Authors: Kresno Slamet Dodi
Published: November 2017

This is a descriptive study using a qualitative approach. The method used in this research is to use the model of Robert framing. N.Entman. This model is used to determine how the mass media to construct reality with four elements: define problems, diagnose causes, make moral judgments and treatment recommendation. The method used is qualitative research and analysis of framing. The research was conducted by collecting data from websites related cases sim simulator.

      Results showed that online media news Kompas.com construct simulator sim case based on two issues will find that one of the suspectsis a police officer Inspector General Djoko Susilo abuse of power and authority toenrich them selves and others and relationships with the Police  Commissionis getting better.
Interaksi Sosial Anggota Komunitas LET’S HIJRAH dalam Media Sosial Group LINE
Authors: Prasanti Ditha , Indriani Sri Seti
Published: November 2017

Communication is an aspect that can not be separated in everyday life. Unwittingly, humans interact with each other to meet the needs of this communication. One of the containers that can be used as a means of social interaction is community or group. Let's Hijrah is an Islamic community with 200 members in its LINE social media group. This is interesting to investigate. Based on the phenomenon, researchers are interested to lift ‘Social Interaction of Membership Let's Hijrah Community in LINE Social Media’. Researchers use qualitative research approach with virtual ethnography method. The results of this study indicate: (1) social interaction that occurs in members of the community Let's Hijrah in social media group LINE often lead to debates that lead to negative perceptions for its members; (2) topics discussed in LINE social media about anything related to Islamic jurisprudence.
MODERNIST ARCHITECTURE, CONFLICT, HERITAGE AND RESILIENCE: THE CASE OF THE HISTORICAL MUSEUM OF BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA
Authors: Harrington Selma , Dimitrijević Branka , Salama Ashraf M.
Published: November 2017

Bosnia and Herzegovina is one of the successor states of former Yugoslavia, with a history of dramatic conflicts and ruptures. These have left a unique heritage of interchanging prosperity and destruction, in which the built environment and architecture provide a rich evidence of the many complex identity narratives.  The public function and architecture of the Historical Museum of Bosnia and Herzegovina, once purposely built to commemorate the national liberation in World War 2, encapsulates the current situation in the country, which is navigating through a complicated period of reconstruction and transformation after the war in 1990s. Once considered as the embodiment of a purist Modernist architecture, now a damaged structure with negligible institutional patronage, the Museum shelters the fractured artefacts of life during the three and a half year siege of Sarajevo. This paper introduces research into symbiotic elements of architecture and public function of the Museum. The impact of conflict on its survival, resilience and continuity of use is explored through its potentially mediatory role, and modelling for similar cases of reuse of 20th century architectural heritage.
VIRTUAL REALITY: TOWARDS PRESERVING ALEXANDRIA HERITAGE BY RAISING THE AWARENESS OF THE LOCALS
Authors: Aggour Heba
Published: November 2017

One of the biggest problems facing Alexandria nowadays is the ongoing destruction of historic buildings to accommodate new high-rise residential buildings, carried out by the “construction mafia” with the aid of the landlords and the silence of the locals, to gain considerable financial profit in a remarkably short period of time. Through previous data collection and surveys, it was concluded that most of the residents don't have an adequate consciousness about the significance of these structures and the destructive actions happening to them. Here arises the role of virtual reality: this research attempts to discuss its impact on increasing this knowledge, enhancing the participatory heritage conservation process and its ability to encourage the residents to save their heritage from destruction.
SMART CITIES AND HERITAGE CONSERVATION: DEVELOPING A SMARTHERITAGE AGENDA FOR SUSTAINABLE INCLUSIVE COMMUNITIES
Authors: Riganti Patrizia
Published: November 2017

This paper discusses the potential of current advancements in Information Communication Technologies (ICT) for cultural heritage preservation, valorization and management within contemporary cities. The paper highlights the potential of virtual environments to assess the impacts of heritage policies on urban development. It does so by discussing the implications of virtual globes and crowdsourcing to support the participatory valuation and management of cultural heritage assets. To this purpose, a review of available valuation techniques is here presented together with a discussion on how these techniques might be coupled with ICT tools to promote inclusive governance.
El etnocentrismo y el riesgo percibido del consumidor mexicano
Authors: Jiménez-Torres Nadia Huitzilin , Susano-García José Luis , San Martín-Gutiérrez Sonia
Published: November 2017

Pese a que el 80% de la población del mundo vive en países en desarrollo y economías emergentes, como es el caso de México, no se ha realizado investigación suficiente sobre el comportamiento del consumidor de estos países. Ante esta situación, el presente trabajo tiene como objetivo general contribuir al estudio del comportamiento del consumidor mexicano, y concretamente pretende determinar empíricamente el efecto del etnocentrismo de los consumidores en el riesgo percibido en la compra de automóviles europeos. Los resultados indican que el etnocentrismo puede aumentar el riesgo percibido, lo que tiene gran interés en la actualidad por la coyuntura de crisis económica que afecta al consumo y venta de automóviles.
Efecto antifúngico de extractos de plantas originarias del estado de Puebla sobre Colletotrichum gloeosporioides
Authors: Aguilar-Alonso Patricia , Navarro-Cruz Addí Rhode , Sánchez-Flores Alexandra Briseida , Ávila-Sosa Raúl , Meneses-Sánchez María De la Cruz
Published: November 2017

Colletotrichum gloeosporioides (Penz.) Penz. & Sacc., es el agente causal de la antracnosis, una enfermedad que causa pérdidas considerables en la producción de frutos tropicales. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar extractos vegetales de plantas que crecen comúnmente en el estado de Puebla y que puedan inhibir a C. gloeosporioides. Extractos oleosos y etanólicos de hojas de capulín (Prunus serotina subsp. Capuli), no­gal (Juglans regia), pirul (Schinus molle), ruda (Ruta chalepensis) y marubio (Marrubium vulgare) fue­ron obtenidos, y se determinó la concentración mínima inhibitoria (CMI), empleando diferentes con­centraciones de extractos oleosos y etanólicos (150 a 2000 mg L-1). Con los resultados obtenidos de la CMI se evaluó el crecimiento radial a concentraciones menores y se ajustaron al modelo de Gompertz modificado para evaluar el crecimiento máximo en la fase estacionaria, la fase lag y la velocidad máxima de crecimien­to. Tanto los extractos oleosos de ruda (500 mg L-1) y capulín (750 mg L-1), como los extractos etanólicos de ruda (150 mg L-1) y pirul (300 mg L-1), presentaron la mayor inhibición sobre C. gloeosporioides, afectan­do significativamente (P< 0.05) las variables crecimiento máximo y velocidad de crecimiento radial (en un 60 % de reducción) del fitopatógeno.
Actividad inhibitoria sobre α-glucosidasa y α-amilasa de extractos acuosos de algunas especias utilizados en la cocina mexicana
Authors: Sevilla-Asencio Osmery Alín , Dublán-García Octavio , Gómez-Oliván Leobardo Manuel , López-Martínez Leticia Xochitl
Published: November 2017

La diabetes es una de las principales causas de morbilidad y mortalidad en el mundo. Muchos estudios están dirigidos hacia la búsqueda de componentes dietarios que sean benéficos para su tratamiento y prevención. El objetivo del presente estudio fue examinar el efecto antioxidante e inhibitorio de α-glucosidasa y α-amilasa de extractos acuosos de canela (Cinnamomum zeylanicum), comino (Cumi­num cyminum), orégano (Origanum vulgare), pimienta negra (Piper nigrum) y clavo (Euge­nia caryophyllus), que son especias utiliza­das comúnmente en la cocina mexicana. Se prepararon extractos acuosos (50 °C durante 3 h) y se determinó el contenido de compues­tos fenólicos totales, actividad antioxidante y potencial inhibitorio in vitro de α-glucosidasa y α-amilasa. El contenido de compuestos fenólicos totales varió de 3.12 a 104.4 mg/g de muestra. Todos los extractos mostraron ac­tividad antioxidante que fue expresada como porcentaje de inhibición del radical DPPH- (30 % a 80 %) y capacidad inhibitoria de α-glucosidasa de 22 % a 70 %. La inhibición de la actividad α-amilasa se encontró de 0 % a 50 %. Los extractos acuosos de canela pre­sentaron mayor capacidad inhibitoria contra la acción de la α-glucosidasa y actividad con­tra el radical DPPH-, los extractos acuosos de orégano mostraron menor inhibición de la actividad α-glucosidasa y no presentaron inhibición contra la actividad α-amilasa. La efectividad inhibitoria de las enzimas y el contenido de compuestos fenólicos totales no presentó correlación. Sin em­bargo, se encontró una correlación entre la actividad antioxidante y el contenido de compuestos fenólicos totales (r2 = 0.94, P < 0.05). La inhibición de α-glucosidasa y α-amilasa es una de las formas terapéuti­cas para retardar la digestión y absorción de los carbohidratos y en consecuencia, la reducción de glucosa postprandial en sangre. El uso de especias culinarias con­sumidas en los platillos mexicanos podría representar un uso potencial durante los estados tempranos de hiperglicemia.
Investigación de Bacillus cereus y calidad sanitaria de muestras de arroz cocido recolectadas en diferentes establecimientos de la ciudad de Puebla
Authors: Tejeda-Trujillo Fausto , Villagrán-Padilla Claudy Lorena , León-Tello Gloria , Tejeda-Hernández Mónica Adriana
Published: November 2017

Bacillus cereus es reconocido como un agente patógeno causante de intoxicaciones alimentarias. Se han presentado brotes asociados al consumo de arroz contaminado con ésta bacteria. Es uno de los pocos patógenos con capacidad de deteriorar los alimentos. En un brote ocurrido en 1994, en el Estado de Puebla, las personas afectadas manifestaron haber consumido arroz ácido o agrio. Se determinó la calidad sanitaria de 50 muestras de arroz cocido recolectadas en diferentes establecimientos de la ciudad de Puebla (hogares, fondas, tortillerías y supermercados). El recuento de B. cereus se realizó en el agar MYP (manitol, yema de huevo polimixina), los recuentos de bacterias mesofílicas aerobias y bacterias coliformes totales, se realizaron siguiendo la metodología oficial vigente. Se obtuvieron recuentos elevados de bacterias mesofílicas aerobias (> 106 UFC/g) en el 22 % de las muestras, y en el 44 % se demostró la presencia de bacterias coliformes totales. En el 10 % de la muestras se recuperó B. cereus. Aun en cifras muy por debajo de las consideradas como un riesgo para la salud, si se almacena enCondiciones de abuso de temperatura, como suele ocurrir en los sitios muestreados el arroz contaminado puede representar un riesgo a la salud del consumidor.
Análisis del consumo de energía eléctrica domiciliaria en Tampico, Tamaulipas
Authors: Morales-Ramírez Dionicio , Alvarado-Lagunas Elías
Published: November 2017

La demanda de energía eléctrica en el municipio de Tampico, Tamaulipas, México, se ha incrementado de manera importante en las últimas décadas, principalmente por el crecimiento económico y demográfico, y los hábitos de consumo. El presente trabajo estimó el efecto del crecimiento en el número de usuarios de la red eléctrica, el precio del servicio, el nivel de ingresos promedio de los habitantes del municipio y los efectos estacionales, sobre el consumo de energía eléctrica domiciliaria. El análisis se llevó a cabo mediante un modelo econométrico con series de tiempo durante el período de 1998 a 2005, en frecuencia mensual. Los resultados obtenidos mostraron que si se incrementa en 1 % el número de usuarios en la red, el consumo de energía eléctrica del municipio se incrementa en 1.35 %. En tanto que, incrementos del 1 % en las tarifas domésticas reducen el consumo en 0.25 %. Los valores encontrados indican que las familias de Tampico no reducen sensiblemente su consumo de electricidad ante incrementos en las tarifas. Por tal motivo, si se quiere estimular el cuidado del energético y por consecuencia el del medio ambiente, además de una política de precios, se debe fomentar la elaboración de enseres eléctricos más eficientes y, sobre todo, crear programas que estimulen la conciencia o cultura de ahorro de la energía eléctrica en los hogares de la región.
Ocurrencia de incendios forestales y su teleconexión con fenómenos ENSO
Authors: Pompa-García Marín , Sensibaugh Mark
Published: November 2017

Los incendios forestales causan grandes daños a los ecosistemas. Las teleconexiones del fenómeno El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) son una herramienta útil para proveer información oportuna sobre el comportamiento del fuego. El objetivo del presente trabajo fue evaluar la ocurrencia de incendios forestales y sus teleconexiones con fenómenos ENSO en el estado de Durango, México. Usando un enfoque de correlaciones, se calculó el coeficiente de Pearson para la asociación entre número de incendios (NF) e índices ENSO durante el período 2001 a 2010. Adicionalmente, se utilizó regresión lineal para generar un modelo para NF en función del valor anual del índice ENSO (P < 0.1). Los resultados indicaron que el índice multivariado ENSO (MEI) mostró tendencias similares durante el período estudiado (r = 0.74, P = 0.0138) y explicó el 55 % de la varianza (R2) del modelo de regresión, indicando que NF tuvo correspondencias con MEI en períodos sincronizados. Se concluye que ENSO tiene conectividad con incendios forestales en el estado de Durango.
Marginally Relevant?: The “Fathers of Confederation” and Canadian History
Authors: Mullally Sasha
Published: November 2017

This article critiques the Fathers of Confederation paradigm in Canadian history. Instead, it argues in favour of situating nation-building efforts in a broader trans-regional, transnational, and global perspective. It offers an example of a cross-regional approach: an enquiry-based learning module that compares resistance to Confederation in the Maritimes and Manitoba.
Partial Oxidation of Ethanol Using VOx/SBA-15 and VOx/Fumed Silica Catalysts in a Bench-scale Stainless Steel Reactor
Authors: Hidalgo-Herrador José Miguel , Tišler Zdeněk
Published: November 2017

Two VOx/SBA-15 catalysts and three VOx/SiO2-fumed silica, with 5, 10 and 1, 5, 10 %wt. vanadium content respectively, were tested in a stainless steel continuous flow reactor for the partial oxidation of ethanol. The catalysts were tested at 150 – 300 °C. Products were analyzed by GC-FID, GC-OFID and GC-MS. The aim was exploring the problematics which could be found when more industrial close conditions are used. The total conversion of ethanol and selectivity to acetaldehyde were different than the expected ones. For VOx/SiO2-fumed silica, the total conversion was higher with a lower selectivity to acetaldehyde compared to VOx/SBA-15 catalysts.
Short-Pulse-Width Repetitively Q-Switched ~2.7-μm Er:Y2O3 Ceramic Laser
Authors: Ren Xiaojing , Wang Yong , Zhang Jian , Tang Dingyuan , Shen Deyuan
Published: November 2017

A short-pulse-width repetitively Q-switched 2.7-μm Er:Y2O3 ceramic laser is demonstrated using a specially designed mechanical switch, a metal plate carved with slits of both slit-width and duty-cycle optimized. With a 20% transmission output coupler, stable pulse trains with durations (full-width at half-maximum, FWHM) of 27–38 ns were generated with a repetition rate within the range of 0.26–4 kHz. The peak power at a 0.26 kHz repetition rate was ~3 kW.
The Role of Hypoxia in Glioblastoma Invasion
Authors: Monteiro Ana , Hill Richard , Pilkington Geoffrey , Madureira Patrícia
Published: November 2017

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), a grade IV astrocytoma, is the most common and deadly type of primary malignant brain tumor, with a patient’s median survival rate ranging from 15 to 17 months. The current treatment for GBM involves tumor resection surgery based on MRI image analysis, followed by radiotherapy and treatment with temozolomide. However, the gradual development of tumor resistance to temozolomide is frequent in GBM patients leading to subsequent tumor regrowth/relapse. For this reason, the development of more effective therapeutic approaches for GBM is of critical importance. Low tumor oxygenation, also known as hypoxia, constitutes a major concern for GBM patients, since it promotes cancer cell spreading (invasion) into the healthy brain tissue in order to evade this adverse microenvironment. Tumor invasion not only constitutes a major obstacle to surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy, but it is also the main cause of death in GBM patients. Understanding how hypoxia triggers the GBM cells to become invasive is paramount to developing novel and more effective therapies against this devastating disease. In this review, we will present a comprehensive examination of the available literature focused on investigating how GBM hypoxia triggers an invasive cancer cell phenotype and the role of these invasive proteins in GBM progression.
Room-Temperature Plastic Deformation of Strontium Titanate Crystals Grown from Different Chemical Compositions
Authors: Nakamura Atsutomo , Yasufuku Kensuke , Furushima Yuho , Toyoura Kazuaki , Lagerlöf K. Peter D. , Matsunaga Katsuyuki
Published: November 2017

Oxide materials have the potential to exhibit superior mechanical properties in terms of high yield point, high melting point, and high chemical stability. Despite this, they are not widely used as a structural material due to their brittle nature. However, this study shows enhanced room-temperature plasticity of strontium titanate (SrTiO3) crystals through the control of the chemical composition. It is shown that the deformation behavior of SrTiO3 crystals at room temperature depends on the Sr/Ti ratio. It was found that flow stresses in deforming SrTiO3 crystals grown from a powder with the particular ratio of Sr/Ti = 1.04 are almost independent of the strain rate because of the high mobility of dislocations in such crystals. As a result, the SrTiO3 crystals can deform by dislocation slip up to a strain of more than 10%, even at a very high strain rate of 10% per second. It is thus demonstrated that SrTiO3 crystals can exhibit excellent plasticity when chemical composition in the crystal is properly controlled.
The Associations among Psychological Distress, Coping Style, and Health Habits in Japanese Nursing Students: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Tada Akio
Published: November 2017

Background: Nursing students in many countries have been reported to experience high levels of stress and psychological distress. Health habits could potentially mediate the association between coping styles and psychological status. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the mediation effect of health habits in the relationship between stress coping styles and psychological distress in Japanese nursing students. Methods: A total of 181 nursing students completed anonymous self-reported questionnaires comprised of the General Health Questionnaire-12 (GHQ-12), the Brief Coping Orientation questionnaire, and an additional questionnaire on health behavior. A mediation analysis using path analysis with bootstrapping was used for data analysis. Results: Multivariate linear regression analysis showed that psychological distress was significantly and positively associated with “Avoidance coping” (β = 0.39, p < 0.001), and was negatively associated with “Active coping” (β = −0.30, p < 0.001), “exercise habit” (β = −0.25, p = 0.001), and “sleeping” (β = −0.24, p = 0.002). In the path model, “Active coping” and “Avoidance coping” had significant or marginally significant associations with “exercise habits” (active: β = 0.19, p = 0.008, avoidance: β = −0.12, p = 0.088), and psychological distress (active: β = −0.25, p < 0.001, avoidance: β = 0.363, p < 0.001). However, these coping style variables did not have a significant association with “sleep”. In general, the size of the correlations was below 0.4. Conclusions: Exercise habits mediated the relationship between coping styles and psychological distress to a greater extent than sleep. The present study suggests the possibility that complex interactions between health habits and coping styles may influence the psychological status of nursing students.
Identification and Initial Characterization of the Effectors of an Anther Smut Fungus and Potential Host Target Proteins
Authors: Kuppireddy Venkata , Uversky Vladimir , Toh Su , Tsai Ming-Chang , Beckerson William , Cahill Catarina , Carman Brittany , Perlin Michael
Published: November 2017

(1) Background: Plant pathogenic fungi often display high levels of host specificity and biotrophic fungi; in particular, they must manipulate their hosts to avoid detection and to complete their obligate pathogenic lifecycles. One important strategy of such fungi is the secretion of small proteins that serve as effectors in this process. Microbotryum violaceum is a species complex whose members infect members of the Caryophyllaceae; M. lychnidis-dioicae, a parasite on Silene latifolia, is one of the best studied interactions. We are interested in identifying and characterizing effectors of the fungus and possible corresponding host targets; (2) Methods: In silico analysis of the M. lychnidis-dioicae genome and transcriptomes allowed us to predict a pool of small secreted proteins (SSPs) with the hallmarks of effectors, including a lack of conserved protein family (PFAM) domains and also localized regions of disorder. Putative SSPs were tested for secretion using a yeast secretion trap method. We then used yeast two-hybrid analyses for candidate-secreted effectors to probe a cDNA library from a range of growth conditions of the fungus, including infected plants; (3) Results: Roughly 50 SSPs were identified by in silico analysis. Of these, 4 were studied further and shown to be secreted, as well as examined for potential host interactors. One of the putative effectors, MVLG_01732, was found to interact with Arabidopsis thaliana calcium-dependent lipid binding protein (AtCLB) and with cellulose synthase interactive protein 1 orthologues; and (4) Conclusions: The identification of a pool of putative effectors provides a resource for functional characterization of fungal proteins that mediate the delicate interaction between pathogen and host. The candidate targets of effectors, e.g., AtCLB, involved in pollen germination suggest tantalizing insights that could drive future studies.
Nitric Oxide Mediates Crosstalk between Interleukin 1β and WNT Signaling in Primary Human Chondrocytes by Reducing DKK1 and FRZB Expression
Authors: Zhong Leilei , Schivo Stefano , Huang Xiaobin , Leijten Jeroen , Karperien Marcel , Post Janine
Published: November 2017

Interleukin 1 beta (IL1β) and Wingless-Type MMTV Integration Site Family (WNT) signaling are major players in Osteoarthritis (OA) pathogenesis. Despite having a large functional overlap in OA onset and development, the mechanism of IL1β and WNT crosstalk has remained largely unknown. In this study, we have used a combination of computational modeling and molecular biology to reveal direct or indirect crosstalk between these pathways. Specifically, we revealed a mechanism by which IL1β upregulates WNT signaling via downregulating WNT antagonists, DKK1 and FRZB. In human chondrocytes, IL1β decreased the expression of Dickkopf-1 (DKK1) and Frizzled related protein (FRZB) through upregulation of nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), thereby activating the transcription of WNT target genes. This effect could be reversed by iNOS inhibitor 1400W, which restored DKK1 and FRZB expression and their inhibitory effect on WNT signaling. In addition, 1400W also inhibited both the matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) expression and cytokine-induced apoptosis. We concluded that iNOS/NO play a pivotal role in the inflammatory response of human OA through indirect upregulation of WNT signaling. Blocking NO production may inhibit the loss of the articular phenotype in OA by preventing downregulation of the expression of DKK1 and FRZB.
Proteinase-Activated Receptor 2 May Drive Cancer Progression by Facilitating TGF-β Signaling
Authors: Ungefroren Hendrik , Witte David , Rauch Bernhard , Settmacher Utz , Lehnert Hendrik , Gieseler Frank , Kaufmann Roland
Published: November 2017

The G protein-coupled receptor proteinase-activated receptor 2 (PAR2) has been implicated in various aspects of cellular physiology including inflammation, obesity and cancer. In cancer, it usually acts as a driver of cancer progression in various tumor types by promoting invasion and metastasis in response to activation by serine proteinases. Recently, we discovered another mode through which PAR2 may enhance tumorigenesis: crosstalk with transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) signaling to promote TGF-β1-induced cell migration/invasion and invasion-associated gene expression in ductal pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PDAC) cells. In this chapter, we review what is known about the cellular TGF-β responses and signaling pathways affected by PAR2 expression, the signaling activities of PAR2 required for promoting TGF-β signaling, and the potential molecular mechanism(s) that underlie(s) the TGF-β signaling–promoting effect. Since PAR2 is activated through various serine proteinases and biased agonists, it may couple TGF-β signaling to a diverse range of other physiological processes that may or may not predispose cells to cancer development such as local inflammation, systemic coagulation and pathogen infection.
Research on the Strategy of Motion Constraint-Aided ZUPT for the SINS Positioning System of a Shearer
Authors: Yang Hai , Li Wei , Luo Tao , Liang Haibo , Zhang He , Gu Yaxiong , Luo Chengming
Published: November 2017

The accurate measurement of position and orientation for shearers is a key technology in realizing an automated, fully-mechanized, coal mining face. Since Global Positioning System (GPS) signal cannot arrive at the coal mine underground, wireless sensor network positioning system cannot operate stably in the coal mine; thus a strap-down inertial navigation system (SINS) is used to measure the position and orientation of the shearer. Aiming at the problem of the SINS accumulative error, this paper proposes a positioning error correction method based on the motion constraint-aided SINS zero velocity updated (ZUPT) model. First of all, a stationary state detection model of the shearer is built with median filter based on the acceleration and angular rate measured by the SINS. Secondly, the motion of the shearer is analyzed using coal mining technology, then the motion constraint model of the shearer is established. In addition, the alternate action between the motion constraint model and the ZUPT model is analyzed at the process of movement and cessation of the shearer, respectively; hence, the motion constraint-aided SINS ZUPT model is built. Finally, by means of the experimental platform of the SINS for the shearer, the experimental results show that the maximum position error with the positioning model proposed in this paper is 1.6 m in 180 s, and increases by 92.0% and 88.1% compared with the single motion constraint model and single ZUPT model, respectively. It can then restrain the accumulative error of the SINS effectively.
Selenium and Other Trace Element Mobility in Waste Products and Weathered Sediments at Parys Mountain Copper Mine, Anglesey, UK
Authors: Bullock Liam A. , Parnell John , Perez Magali , Feldmann Joerg , Armstrong Joseph G.
Published: November 2017

The Parys Mountain copper mining district (Anglesey, North Wales) hosts exposed pyritic bedrock, solid mine waste spoil heaps, and acid drainage (ochre sediment) deposits. Both natural and waste deposits show elevated trace element concentrations, including selenium (Se), at abundances of both economic and environmental consideration. Elevated concentrations of semi-metals such as Se in waste smelts highlight the potential for economic reserves in this and similar base metal mining sites. Selenium is sourced from the pyritic bedrock and concentrations are retained in red weathering smelt soils, but lost in bedrock-weathered soils and clays. Selenium correlates with Te, Au, Bi, Cd, Hg, Pb, S, and Sb across bedrock and weathered deposits. Man-made mine waste deposits show enrichment of As, Bi, Cu, Sb, and Te, with Fe oxide-rich smelt materials containing high Pb, up to 1.5 wt %, and Au contents, up to 1.2 ppm. The trace elements As, Co, Cu, and Pb are retained from bedrock to all sediments, including high Cu content in Fe oxide-rich ochre sediments. The high abundance and mobility of trace elements in sediments and waters should be considered as potential pollutants to the area, and also as a source for economic reserves of previously extracted and new strategic commodities.
Dielectrophoretic Separation of Live and Dead Monocytes Using 3D Carbon-Electrodes
Authors: Yildizhan Yagmur , Erdem Nurdan , Islam Monsur , Martinez-Duarte Rodrigo , Elitas Meltem
Published: November 2017

Blood has been the most reliable body fluid commonly used for the diagnosis of diseases. Although there have been promising investigations for the development of novel lab-on-a-chip devices to utilize other body fluids such as urine and sweat samples in diagnosis, their stability remains a problem that limits the reliability and accuracy of readouts. Hence, accurate and quantitative separation and characterization of blood cells are still crucial. The first step in achieving high-resolution characteristics for specific cell subpopulations from the whole blood is the isolation of pure cell populations from a mixture of cell suspensions. Second, live cells need to be purified from dead cells; otherwise, dead cells might introduce biases in the measurements. In addition, the separation and characterization methods being used must preserve the genetic and phenotypic properties of the cells. Among the characterization and separation approaches, dielectrophoresis (DEP) is one of the oldest and most efficient label-free quantification methods, which directly purifies and characterizes cells using their intrinsic, physical properties. In this study, we present the dielectrophoretic separation and characterization of live and dead monocytes using 3D carbon-electrodes. Our approach successfully removed the dead monocytes while preserving the viability of the live monocytes. Therefore, when blood analyses and disease diagnosis are performed with enriched, live monocyte populations, this approach will reduce the dead-cell contamination risk and achieve more reliable and accurate test results.
An Orientation Sensor-Based Head Tracking System for Driver Behaviour Monitoring
Authors: Zhao Yifan , Görne Lorenz , Yuen Iek-Man , Cao Dongpu , Sullman Mark , Auger Daniel , Lv Chen , Wang Huaji , Matthias Rebecca , Skrypchuk Lee , Mouzakitis Alexandros
Published: November 2017

Although at present legislation does not allow drivers in a Level 3 autonomous vehicle to engage in a secondary task, there may become a time when it does. Monitoring the behaviour of drivers engaging in various non-driving activities (NDAs) is crucial to decide how well the driver will be able to take over control of the vehicle. One limitation of the commonly used face-based head tracking system, using cameras, is that sufficient features of the face must be visible, which limits the detectable angle of head movement and thereby measurable NDAs, unless multiple cameras are used. This paper proposes a novel orientation sensor based head tracking system that includes twin devices, one of which measures the movement of the vehicle while the other measures the absolute movement of the head. Measurement error in the shaking and nodding axes were less than 0.4°, while error in the rolling axis was less than 2°. Comparison with a camera-based system, through in-house tests and on-road tests, showed that the main advantage of the proposed system is the ability to detect angles larger than 20° in the shaking and nodding axes. Finally, a case study demonstrated that the measurement of the shaking and nodding angles, produced from the proposed system, can effectively characterise the drivers’ behaviour while engaged in the NDAs of chatting to a passenger and playing on a smartphone.
A Collaboration-Oriented M2M Messaging Mechanism for the Collaborative Automation between Machines in Future Industrial Networks
Authors: Meng Zhaozong , Wu Zhipeng , Gray John
Published: November 2017

Machine-to-machine (M2M) communication is a key enabling technology for industrial internet of things (IIoT)-empowered industrial networks, where machines communicate with one another for collaborative automation and intelligent optimisation. This new industrial computing paradigm features high-quality connectivity, ubiquitous messaging, and interoperable interactions between machines. However, manufacturing IIoT applications have specificities that distinguish them from many other internet of things (IoT) scenarios in machine communications. By highlighting the key requirements and the major technical gaps of M2M in industrial applications, this article describes a collaboration-oriented M2M (CoM2M) messaging mechanism focusing on flexible connectivity and discovery, ubiquitous messaging, and semantic interoperability that are well suited for the production line-scale interoperability of manufacturing applications. The designs toward machine collaboration and data interoperability at both the communication and semantic level are presented. Then, the application scenarios of the presented methods are illustrated with a proof-of-concept implementation in the PicknPack food packaging line. Eventually, the advantages and some potential issues are discussed based on the PicknPack practice.
A Novel 3D Pedestrian Navigation Method for a Multiple Sensors-Based Foot-Mounted Inertial System
Authors: Yang Wei , Xiu Chundi , Zhang Jianmin , Yang Dongkai
Published: November 2017

In this paper, we present a novel method for 3D pedestrian navigation of foot-mounted inertial systems by integrating a MEMS-IMU, barometer, and permanent magnet. Zero-velocity update (ZUPT) is a well-known algorithm to eliminate the accumulated error of foot-mounted inertial systems. However, the ZUPT stance phase detector using acceleration and angular rate is threshold-based, which may cause incorrect stance phase estimation in the running gait pattern. A permanent magnet-based ZUPT detector is introduced to solve this problem. Peaks extracted from the magnetic field strength waveform are mid-stances of stance phases. A model of peak-peak information and stance phase duration is developed to have a quantitative calculation method of stance phase duration in different movement patterns. Height estimation using barometer is susceptible to the environment. A height difference information aided barometer (HDIB) algorithm integrating MEMS-IMU and barometer is raised to have a better height estimation. The first stage of HDIB is to distinguish level ground/upstairs/downstairs and the second stage is to calculate height using reference atmospheric pressure obtained from the first stage. At last, a ZUPT-based adaptive average window length algorithm (ZUPT-AAWL) is proposed to calculate the true total travelled distance to have a more accurate percentage error (TTDE). This proposed method is verified via multiple experiments. Numerical results show that TTDE ranges from 0.32% to 1.04% in both walking and running gait patterns, and the height estimation error is from 0 m to 2.35 m.
An Optical Interferometric Triaxial Displacement Sensor for Structural Health Monitoring: Characterization of Sliding and Debonding for a Delamination Process
Authors: Zhu Chen , Chen Yizheng , Zhuang Yiyang , Du Yang , Gerald Rex , Tang Yan , Huang Jie
Published: November 2017

This paper presents an extrinsic Fabry–Perot interferometer-based optical fiber sensor (EFPI) for measuring three-dimensional (3D) displacements, including interfacial sliding and debonding during delamination. The idea employs three spatially arranged EFPIs as the sensing elements. In our sensor, the three EFPIs are formed by three endfaces of three optical fibers and their corresponding inclined mirrors. Two coincident roof-like metallic structures are used to support the three fibers and the three mirrors, respectively. Our sensor was calibrated and then used to monitor interfacial sliding and debonding between a long square brick of mortar and its support structure (i.e., a steel base plate) during the drying/curing process. This robust and easy-to-manufacture triaxial EFPI-based 3D displacement sensor has great potential in structural health monitoring, the construction industry, oil well monitoring, and geotechnology.