bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Biologic therapies for the treatment of ankylosing spondylitis
Authors: Ahn Soo Min , Kim Yong-Gil
Published: February 2021

Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a chronic inflammatory disease predominantly affecting the axial skeleton. AS treatment aims to reduce pain and inflammation and maintain functional capacity. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are the first-line treatment for those with active AS. While for peripheral arthritis, sulfasalazine or local glucocorticoid injection can be used, these are not recommended for axial symptoms. Twenty years ago, biological products that target the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) were developed. These have been approved for use in rheumatoid arthritis and AS. Since the introduction of these TNF inhibitors, the control of disease activity in AS has improved markedly. TNF inhibitors, including both anti-TNF-alpha monoclonal antibodies and recombinant TNF soluble receptors, can be considered for patients with persistently active disease despite nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug treatment. Recently, interleukin-17 inhibitors have also been approved for use in AS patients with insufficient responses to TNF inhibitors. Ongoing clinical trials are exploring the effect of Janus kinase inhibitors against AS. This review summarizes the current pharmaceutical treatment for AS, focusing on the biological products. Recommendations for AS management are also discussed in this review.
Biologic therapies for the treatment of psoriatic arthritis
Authors: Kim Tae-Jong
Published: February 2021

Psoriatic arthritis (PsA) is a chronic inflammatory rheumatic disease commonly associated with plaque psoriasis that, manifests with peripheral arthritis, dactylitis, enthesitis, and axial involvement. PsA can be progressive and harmful, resulting in joint deformities, functional impairments, low quality of life, and increased mortality. It was found that both non-pharmacologic and pharmacologic treatment could improve conditions of PsA. Recently launched biological products have become the main therapeutic agents used for treating PsA unresponsive to conventional disease modifying anti-rheumatic drugs. This paper aims at introducing available biologics for PsA management in Korea. The tumor necrosis factor-α inhibitor was the first approved biological product to show outstanding efficacy for treating PsA. Ustekinumab, designed for blocking interleukin-12/23, has been approved and widely used. Interleukin-17 inhibitors such as secukinumab and ixekizumab have also been introduced to improve the symptoms of PsA. It was found that many patients with PsA experienced a dramatic improvement in their condition after using these biological products. Additionally, new immunological modulators such as phosphodiesterase inhibitors and Janus kinase inhibitors were approved for the treatment of PsA.
Advantages and disadvantages of targeted therapy in patients with rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Sung Yoon-Kyoung
Published: February 2021

With the recent understanding of the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis at the cellular and molecular levels, as well as the rapid progress of biotechnology, targeted therapies have been developed and used since 2000. Starting with the development of biological products, which were early targeted therapeutics, small molecule inhibitors have recently been developed that target Janus kinase, a signaling molecule for intracellular inflammatory cytokines. The use of targeted therapies has dramatically improved the treatment outcomes and prognosis of rheumatoid arthritis. However, there is still concern around long-term safety of drugs and the rise in the economic burden on individuals and society due to the high price of biological products and Janus kinase inhibitors. To use those targeted therapeutics efficiently to ensure that suitable patients can fully benefit, both a multidisciplinary approach and the collaboration of experts are required. From the patient’s perspective, it is necessary to develop a system of patient’ education and to support shared decision-making between patients and physician. From the perspective of medical personnel, it is necessary to ensure the autonomy of experts. In addition, from a socio-economic viewpoint, it is necessary to adjust drug prices and review biosimilar utilization plans to reduce medical costs. The expanding use of these drugs among rheumatoid arthritis patients will eventually lead to greater social benefits by reducing disability among patients, facilitating their economic activity, and improving their quality of life. However, it is time to discuss their appropriate selection and safe long-term use with well-trained experts.
Biologic therapies for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Choi Sung-Jae
Published: February 2021

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease that primarily affects the synovial joints. If left untreated, persistent synovial inflammation can lead to cartilage and bone destruction, ultimately causing significant longterm disability and mortality. However, since the late 1990s, the combined use of methotrexate, a synthetic diseasemodifying antirheumatic drug (DMARD), and a biological DMARD has revolutionized the treatment of RA. As of 2021, the Korea Food and Drug Administration has approved seven biological DMARDs for RA treatment: four tumor necrosis factor-alpha inhibitors (infliximab, etanercept, adalimumab, and golimumab) and three non-tumor necrosis factor biological products (abatacept, rituximab, and tocilizumab). Although the use of biological products has allowed significant advances in the treatment of RA, there are certain drawbacks, such as high cost, increased infection risk, and the necessity for parenteral route product administration. Therefore, discontinuation of biological DMARD use without a resulting disease flare is the next treatment goal and a desirable result from the standpoint of risk reduction and cost-effectiveness, especially for patients with clinical remission. It is still unclear which biological product is the best. Clinicians must, therefore, personalize the sequence and strategy of treatment by considering patient characteristics, disease activity, comorbidity, and economic condition
Cátedra de Realidad Nacional. Una reconciliación frustrada y su superación
Authors: Hernández Pico Juan
Published: February 2021

No hay resúmenes disponibles.

ECA Estudios Centroamericanos, Vol. 66, No. 727, 2011: 463-480.
La (in)constitucionalidad en la elección anticipada de los magistrados de la Corte Suprema de Justicia
Authors: Escalante Manuel
Published: February 2021

No abstract available.
ECA Estudios Centroamericanos, Vol. 67, No. 729, 2012: 169-187.
Exclusión, crisis del mundo del trabajo y precariedad. A vueltas con el tema de la ciudadanía
Authors: Orellana Carlos Iván
Published: February 2021

No abstract available.
ECA Estudios Centroamericanos, Vol. 67, No. 729, 2012: 229-258.
Una valoración de las elecciones del 11 de marzo de 2012
Authors: Serrano Omar
Published: February 2021

No abstract available.
ECA Estudios Centroamericanos, Vol. 67, No. 729, 2012: 283-256.
10 años de Proyecto Ríos en Cantabria: resultados, logros, lecciones y oportunidades
Authors: Gracia A. , Valdor P.F. , Cloux I , Tejón S.
Published: February 2021

El Proyecto Ríos es un programa de participación ciudadana para el diagnóstico y mejora de los ríos basado en ciencia ciudadana, educación ambiental, voluntariado ambiental y custodia del territorio. La metodología del proyecto comprende 5 fases: compromiso de las personas voluntarias, capacitación en el uso de metodologías científicas para la recopilación de datos ambientales y la aplicación de índices, inspección de un tramo de río de unos 500 metros de longitud dos veces al año (primavera y otoño), diagnóstico de la salud del tramo fluvial y adopción del tramo de río para el desarrollo de acciones de conservación. Tras la implementación durante 10 años del Proyecto Ríos en Cantabria se ha realizado un análisis estadístico descriptivo de la información ambiental recabada por las personas voluntarias y una recopilación de las acciones sociales y ambientales desarrolladas. Los resultados muestran un total de 282 tramos de río inspeccionados y alrededor de 300 acciones desarrolladas. Durante el periodo de estudio, el Proyecto Ríos ha demostrado ser una herramienta fundamental para involucrar a la ciudadanía en el estudio y cuidado de los ríos de Cantabria. Asimismo, ha permitido generar datos útiles en la toma de decisiones por parte de las asociaciones conservacionistas, la comunidad científica y la Administración.
Aproximación multifocal para la recuperación hidromorfológica de la cuenca del río Gaià
Authors: García Burgos Evelyn , Bardina M , Munné A. , Solà C.
Published: February 2021

La cuenca del río Gaià, provincia de Tarragona, está regulada desde el año 1975 por la presencia de un embalse para uso industrial y regadío, que durante muchos años provocaba que el tramo final del río estuviera seco, y por lo tanto no llegara al mar. El régimen hídrico de la cuenca es temporal en condiciones naturales, con un régimen con un marcado carácter mediterráneo y torrencial. Desde 2011 se estableció un régimen de caudales ambientales, lo que ha permitió la recuperación de la dinámica natural en el tramo bajo del Gaià, respetando la temporalidad natural de la cuenca. Esta medida, junto con actuaciones de restauración morfológica en tramos clave como la Alameda de Santes Creus y otras actuaciones que pretenden eliminar presiones e impactos significativos, están facilitando la progresiva recuperación de la diversidad estructural y biológica del ecosistema fluvial. La custodia fluvial, como herramienta de conservación en la cuenca permite la consolidación de las actividades educativas que llevan a cabo asociaciones medioambientales como la Sínia, básicas para la gobernanza y la participación social, así como también otras actividades para evaluar la diversidad biológica y la evolución del medio fluvial en la cuenca del Gaià como el proyecto EMPESCA’T u otros estudios de seguimiento, claves para una gestión adaptativa. La participación social ha sido muy importante para poder conseguir un consenso sobre el equilibrio entre los usos del agua asociados al embalse y el respeto de un régimen de caudales ecológico, lo que se ha conseguido gracias a las reuniones regulares de una comisión con todos los agentes sociales implicados (asociaciones ambientales, industria, regantes, ayuntamientos y administración hidráulica).
Kelompok Kerja Guru dan Perannya dalam Meningkatkan Mutu Pembelajaran PAI di Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Asalihin Asalihin
Published: February 2021

Pendidikan agama Islam pada jenjang sekolah dasar masih dihadapkan pada berbagai persoalan, terutama dari aspek mutu. Guru sebagai garda terdepan dalam menjaga mutu dan peningkatannya, guru lebih mengetahui kondisi real terkait dengan pembelajaran, dan problem yang dihadapi guru dan peserta didik dalam pembelajaran dapat dikomunikasikan pada forum KKG. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan peran pengawas dalam melakukan pembinaan KKG, bentuk kegiatan KKG yang dapat meningkatkan mutu pembelajaran dan KKG dalam memberikan pembinaan guru PAI. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif. Sumber data terdiri dari ketua dan anggota Kelompok Kerja Guru (KKG) PAI, kepala sekolah, dan beberapa orang peserta didik. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan ialah fokus group diskusi, observasi, wawancara dan studi dokumentasi. Semua data dianalisis secara interaktif sesuai tahapannya, yakni pengumpulan, reduksi, penyajian, dan verifikasi. Hasil penelitian adalah: pertama, pengawas PAI memberikan pembinaan kepada guru PAI melalui KKG dengan melakukan sosialisasi kebijakan terkait pendidikan dan pengajaran, memberikan pelatihan. Kedua, melalui KKG Guru PAI mendapatkan solusi terkait masalah yang dihadapinya dalam pembelajaran, menerima informasi terbaru dalam meningkatkan mutu pembelajaran. Ketiga, KKG dilakukan pembinaan secara kontiniu baik oleh kepala sekolah maupun pengawas.
Figuras impertinentes: Rodrigo Calderón y el Libro de entretenimiento de la pícara Justina (1604)
Authors: Mesa Higuera Claudia
Published: February 2021

RESUMEN:
Este ensayo propone una lectura de La pícara Justina y sus paratextos, a partir de la relación de complementariedad entre el self-fashioning y las artes plásticas. Este análisis subraya el potencial de emblemas y jeroglíficos, escudos y empresas, de moldear la identidad individual y así contrarrestar la fijación del orden establecido con la genealogía, el abolengo, y la “limpieza de sangre”. El caso de Rodrigo Calderón, poderoso ministro de Felipe III, cuyo escudo de armas figura en la portada de la editio princeps, sirve como ejemplo para investigar la conexión entre la heráldica y el fenómeno del self-fashioning, en la España de la temprana modernidad. Por una parte, la manipulación de la identidad a partir de formas simbólicas representa un desafío al sistema; por otra, la adopción de sus paradigmas perpetúa y sustenta los idearios culturales sobre los que está construido.
ABSTRACT:
This essay proposes a reading of La pícara Justina and its paratexts based on the complementary relationship between self-fashioning and artistic modes of expression. This analysis emphasizes the potential of emblems and hieroglyphics, imprese and coats of arms, to shape individual identity in order to counteract the establishment’s fixation with genealogy, ancestry, and the so-called “purity of blood”. The case of Rodrigo Calderón, a powerful political figure at the court of Philip III whose coat of arms is featured on the title page of the first edition, offers an example to investigate the connection between heraldry and the process of self-fashioning in early modern Spain. On the one hand, the exercise of shaping one’s public persona through symbolic forms of representation constitutes a challenge to the social order; on the other hand, the adoption of its own paradigms, contributes to perpetuate discriminatory cultural practices and prevailing ideologies.
Penerapan Rule Based Dengan Algoritma Viterbi Untuk Deteksi Kesalahan Huruf Kapital Pada Karya Ilmiah
Authors: Juanda Reza , Yadi Ilman Zuhri
Published: February 2021

The use of capital letters is one element of the grammar of the Indonesian Spelling General Guidelines (PUEBI). According to the Large Indonesian Language Dictionary (KBBI), capital letters are letters of a special size and shape (larger than ordinary letters), usually used as the first letter of the first word in a sentence, the first letter of the name itself, and so on. The use of capital letters in a paper is required. However, the ability to use letters of public capital still tends to be not so good. The problem is writing that has not followed the Indonesian Spelling General Guidelines (PUEBI) rules. Settlement steps on how to implement an Indonesian Spelling General Guidelines (PUEBI) rule into the software. Therefore, the author will try to make a software that can automatically detect if there are errors in writing according to the rules of general Indonesian spelling guidelines (PUEBI) on documents, journals, bibliography and scientific works
Penerapan Metodologi Tozer Dalam Perencanaan Strategis Sistem Informasi Pada PT Telekomunikasi Indonesia Tbk Witel Bandung
Authors: Prawestri Valentina Risky Budi , Wijaya Agustinus Fritz
Published: February 2021

Strategic planning of information systems is one of the keys in achieving the target expected by an organization. With interviews, observations, and document studies, this study aims to 1) evaluate strategic planning based on strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats in improving quality at PT. Telekomunikasi Indonesia Tbk, Witel Bandung to find strategic information sisem 2) develop strategically using Tozer method with SWOT Analysis analysis (strength, weakness, opportunities, threats), Value Chain Porter, CSF Analysis (Critical Success Factor), McFarlan Grid's Portfolio Application Analysis, PEST Analysis. The final result of this research in the form of strategic planning recommendations of information systems will be useful to improve the information system in PT. Telecommunications Indonesia Tbk, Witel Bandung.
Pengembangan Aplikasi Pengenalan Aksara Komering Menggunakan Metode Deep Learning Berbasis Android
Authors: Mahmud Mahmud , Kunang Yesi Novaria
Published: February 2021

Penggunaan aksara Komering dari waktu ke waktu mulai ditinggalkan di kalangan masyarakat suku Komering dengan banyaknya budaya luar masuk ke Indonesia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melestarikan dan menghidupkan kembali aksara Komering beserta bahasanya dengan menggunakan pemanfaatan teknologi Deep learning yang dibenamkan kedalam aplikasi android. Teknologi DL yang merupakan suatu sub ilmu dari bidang Machine Learning yang dikembangkan atas dasar cara berfikir dari struktur otak manusia sehingga dapat menghasilkan klasifikasi yang lebih baik. Salah satu algoritma dari DL yang terkenal baik dalam mengenali gambar ialah Convolutional Neural Network. Pada penelitian ini percobaan pengklasifikasian gambar aksara Komering dilakukan dengan data sebanyak 1540 gambar, 29 class. Hasil yang didapatkan dari data testing dengan data asli yaitu 58%, sedangkan untuk testing data augmented 80%. Persentase dalam pengujian aplikasi android melalui kamera 84,14%, galeri 87,58% dan penulisan 93,79%
Sistem Informasi Administrasi Sekolah Dasar (Studi Kasus : SD Negeri 2 Lingkis)
Authors: Falla Greta Guardi , Santi Rusmala , Fadilah Evi
Published: February 2021

Primary schools are educational institutions which are the main source educational data needed by education actors to carry out their duties and profession. All activities of recording or recording data in the school are called with administration, administration in schools there are many kinds and types, one of them student administration. Student administration, there are various kinds of activities carried out, starting from enrollment of new students until students leave the school. And management student administration currently running at SD Negeri 2 Lingkis is currently not very good management, especially in storage so that we need an information system Can support the activities of recording data and reports on school student administration. Purpose This research is to build an Elementary School Student Administration Information System which will be more effective and efficient to support all data recording and reporting activities which will be built with a web-based information system. The method used in the development of the school administration information system is Prototype where this prototype model consists of communication, planning, modeling, construction and delivery . The result of this research SD Negeri 2 Lingkis can make it easier for registranst, student, teacher, administrators and principals in student administration
Implementasi Data Mining Untuk Menentukan Pola Penyebab Kecelakaan Lalu Lintas Di Wilayah Kota Palembang Menggunakan Algoritma FP-Growth
Authors: Pangestu Fathan , Andri Andri
Published: February 2021

Palembang City is one of the big cities in Indonesia. Along with the increasing population and the increasing number of motorized vehicles, it will certainly have an impact on the increasing number of traffic accidents in the city of Palembang. In this study, the writer will determine the pattern of traffic accidents by using the fp-growth algorithm and using various variables. The variables that will be used consist of weather, time of incident, road geometry, profession, level of injury. This research is expected to be a reference for the police to be able to take anticipatory measures in order to reduce the number of traffic accidents in the Palembang City area. The fp-growth algorithm can be applied properly to determine the pattern of the causes of traffic accidents in the city of Palembang by using 2 minimum support of 40% and 50% and 2 minimum confidence of 70% and 90%. Based on the resulting rules, there are rules with the highest confidence value of 98% with these rules: When an accident occurs with a Side-Side accident type, the accident occurs in sunny weather conditions
Perangkat Lunak Pencarian Apotek Menggunakan Metode Item Based Collaborative Filltering Dan Algoritma Floyd Warshall
Authors: Wijaya Andri , Muzakir Ari , Halim R.M Nasrul
Published: February 2021

Pharmacy is a health service that is very important for the community, this means that this is very much related to public health. To facilitate the community in finding the right and fast pharmacy with the best recommendations and shortest routes and several alternatives to the location of the pharmacy. This study aims to create software that makes it easier for people to find pharmacies based on alternative routes and other information related to the pharmacy located in the city of Palembang. This software uses the Floyd Warshall Algorithm as the shortest path algorithm and the Item-based collaborative filtering method for selecting items based on the rating given by the user. The system development method used is the prototype method. This research produces pharmacy location search software with alternative routes along with general information related to the pharmacy
Factor Structure of the Intercultural Sensitivity Scale
Authors: Popović Kristijan
Published: February 2021

The aim of this study was to determine the factor structure of Chen and Starost’s self-descriptive scale of intercultural sensitivity. The applied scale was based on the self-assessments of 24attitudes with a five-point Likert scale. A group examination was performed on 621 students in the final grades of primary school. Factor analysis isolated five factors that include students’ intercultural sensitivity: interaction enjoyment, interaction confidence, interaction attentiveness, respect of cultural differences, and interaction engagement. The scale is solidly represented by the main components that explain the variance with 49.18% of the examined phenomenon. The reliability coefficient of the scale on our sample is acceptable and amounts to α=0.820. The Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin sample adequacy index had an index value of K=0.85, and the Bartlett sphericity test was statistically significant χ2=3684,968;df=276; p <.000. The analysis of results showed the need for further improvement of the scale, and the research certainly represents a modest standardization to the validation of the intercultural sensitivity scale, and we point out the applicability and usefulness of Chen and Starost intercultural sensitivity scale on different samples.
Position of Students and University Teachers In Didactic Methodical Determination of Higher Education from Aspect of Cyber Information Didactic Theory and Curriculum Theory
Authors: Čirić Nedim
Published: February 2021

In the teaching process, the relationship between students and university teachers is an important determinant of the quality of learning and teaching process. The concepts of didactic theories provide a different approach to the didactic - methodical determination of teaching and the position of students in the scientific - teaching process in relation to the concept of the old school and the traditional pedagogical paradigm of teaching. The student is observed and experienced as a collaborator, learning partner, authoritarian teaching styles are abandoned, democratically oriented communication and interaction are developed, with mutual respect, tolerance and respect for all participants in the teaching process. The analytical - descriptive method, comparative analysis and content analysis were used. The relationship and position of students and university teachers in the teaching process through the prism of didactic theories advocated by Christina Möller and Felix von Cube are presented. The issues of selectivity, cooperation and competitiveness as a starting point for defining the position of students in teaching, purposes and goals of learning, based on the modern pedagogical paradigmatic orientation of the “learning society”, and the analysis of the position and position of students and university teachers through the prism of cyber-information didactic theories and curriculum theories.
Social and Material Status of Teachers from The Perspective of Teacher Education Students
Authors: Prušević Sadović Filduza , Šehović Sefedin
Published: February 2021

The social status and position of teachers have changed throughout history and is conditioned by the development of human society. In the developed world, the teacher is a highly positioned member of society, part of the intellectual elite and a positive model of behavior. We are witnesses that the period of media development, the inflow of information, the collapse of previous value systems, led to a change in the evaluation and position of teachers in Serbia and the surrounding countries. Teachers are experiencing one of the most difficult periods. They are usually poorly paid, insufficiently valued, unmotivated. The paper describes positive examples of the attitude of social systems in the world towards teachers, where teachers are still part of the elite and where, thanks to a positive and encouraging attitude towards educators, societies experience prosperity in economic, cultural, material and other aspects of development. In this way, the assumption is confirmed that a society that invests in education and teaching staff, is profitable in the long run and has positive results in development. Also, the paper presents the results of research conducted by surveying students of the Teacher Education Faculty in Belgrade, in which we wanted to find out the attitudes, motives, and views of students about the position of teachers in society, and the projections of their future occupation. The results of the research show that students are motivated to work as teachers and that they like working with children and young people, but at the same time, they are aware of the unfavorable position of teachers in society and hope that this position can be improved by raising to make the public aware of the importance of teaching at the earliest age of students and stricter criteria when enrolling and selecting future teachers at faculties and schools.
Personal Brand Development Aimed At Improving Employment Opportunities – The Role of Higher Education
Authors: Marković Mirna , Bašić Azra , Čelik Ajla , Đešević Ilvana , Međedović Adna
Published: February 2021

Uncertainty, unfolding in the most extreme forms in the period of one of the greatest global challenges– a threat to the health and wellbeing of people, caused by the pandemic, is gaining a form difficult to conceive in temporal and conceptual terms. In the perception of students, the young people on the brink of the first employment, the uncertainty primarily reflects in the estimate of possibilities of finding a job and opportunities to construct a professional identity. This paper examines the potential role of personal branding in the improvement of student opportunities to find the desired job, as well as the importance of higher education institutions as strategic partners in the process. This paper, among others, also emphasizes the importance of empowering students towards the recognition of the role of their knowledge and competencies acquired during the studies; the role which does not correspond to banal, oversimplified reduction of the role of education as means to meet the labour market needs.
Perfectionism and Family Interactions As Determinants of Somatization in Adolescents
Authors: Ćorluka Čerkez Vesna , Efendić Spahić Tamara
Published: February 2021

The overall goal of this study was to examine vulnerability factors for the occurrence and development of somatization in adolescents. A review of the literature in the field of family relations and perfectionism indicates that these are dimensions that are related to somatization in children and adolescents, but also in adults. The research was conducted on students from two primary and two secondary schools in Mostar (N = 600). The average age of the participants is M = 14.5 (SD = 1.77). The following measuring instruments were applied: Sociodemographic Features Questionnaire; Perfectionism Scale for Children and Adolescents (Flett, Hewitt, Boucher, Davidson, & Munro 2000); Adaptive/maladaptive perfectionism scale (Rice and Preusser 2002); Scale of quality of family interactions (KOBI; Vulić-Prtorić 2004) and Scale of somatic symptoms of anxiety (SOMA; Vulić-Prtorić 1999). The results of multiple regression analyses indicate the importance of the contribution of the dimensions of perfectionism and family relations in explaining somatization in adolescents. The structure of the predictors is different, depending on the gender of the participants.
AKUNTABILITAS TERHADAP PEMBAYARAN PAJAK BUMI DAN BANGUNAN DI DESA DAMAI KECAMATAN WATANG SIDENRENG KABUPATEN SIDENRENG RAPPANG
Authors: Rukmanti Rina , Latif Adam , Hakim Akhyaruddin
Published: February 2021

The level of accountability forand building tax payments in Damai Village, Watang Sidenreng District, Sidenreng Rappang District, and to find out the factors that influence the level of community awareness in paying land taxes and Buildings in Damai Village, Watang Sidenreng District, Sidenreng Rappang Regency. The population in this study was 1,486 where the sampling used was Probability Sampling with a random sampling technique using aformula of Yount  5% with a total sample of 74. This study used a Quantitative Descriptive Method. Data collection techniques used through observation, questionnaires (questionnaire), documentation and interviews. The data analysis technique used is Descriptive Statistics, data quality test, classic assumption test using SPSS 21 and Likert Scale. The results showed that accountability for land and building tax payments in the peaceful village of Watang Sidenreng sub-district was categorized as "Influential/ significant", from the ANOVA test it was able to calculate 13,325 overall, influential/ significant and the probability was far from 0.05. Furthermore partially t arithmetic (3,650)> t table (1993) means that the level of accountability influences / significantly on Land and Building Tax Payments in Damai Village, factors that influence the level of public awareness in paying Land and Building Taxes in Damai Village Watang Sidenreng District Sidenreng Regency Rappang 60.6% included in the category of "good".
PENERAPAN PRINSIP GOOD GOVERNANCE TERHADAP APARATUR DESA DALAM PELAYANAN PUBLIK DI DESA CIRO-CIROE KECAMATAN WATANG PULU KABUPATEN SIDENRENG RAPPANG
Authors: Jamal Yenni , Mustanir Ahmad , Latif Adam
Published: February 2021

The research objective was to determine the aplication of the principles of good governance to village officials in public services in the Ciro-ciroe village, Watang Pulu district, Sidenreng Rappang district and to determine the factors that influenca it. The population of this study was 1356 people, while the research sampel used total probability sampling amounting to 92 people. Data collectiontechniques used in this study are to use observation techniques, interviews, literature study and questionnaires. The data collected was then analyzed using frequency and percentage tables.

The result sof this study indicate that the principles of good governance apparatus in the village of Ciro-ciroe Kacamatan Watang Pulu, Sidenreng Rappang Regency above, then the average percentage is obtained, namely 78,12%. So it can beconcluded that this indicatoris in the very good category. Public servants of the ciro-ciroe village apparatus Watang Pulu district Sidenreng Rappang district above, then the average percentage result it 69,83%. So it can be concluded that this indicator is in the quite good category. As for the factors that most influenca the application of the principles of good governance to village officials in public services in the Ciro-ciroe village Watang Pulu sub-district, Sidenreng Rappang district above, the average percentage result is 71,96%. So it can be concluded that this indicator is in the quite good category.
Role of jellyfish in the plankton ecosystem revealed using a global ocean biogeochemical model
Authors: Wright Rebecca M. , Le Quéré Corinne , Buitenhuis Erik , Pitois Sophie , Gibbons Mark J.
Published: February 2021

Abstract. Jellyfish are increasingly recognised as important components of
the marine ecosystem, yet their specific role is poorly defined compared to
that of other zooplankton groups. This paper presents the first global ocean
biogeochemical model that includes an explicit representation of jellyfish
and uses the model to gain insight into the influence of jellyfish on the
plankton community. The Plankton Type Ocean Model (PlankTOM11) model groups organisms into plankton
functional types (PFTs). The jellyfish PFT is parameterised here based on our
synthesis of observations on jellyfish growth, grazing, respiration and
mortality rates as functions of temperature and jellyfish biomass. The
distribution of jellyfish is unique compared to that of other PFTs in the
model. The jellyfish global biomass of 0.13 PgC is within the observational
range and comparable to the biomass of other zooplankton and phytoplankton
PFTs. The introduction of jellyfish in the model has a large direct
influence on the crustacean macrozooplankton PFT and influences indirectly
the rest of the plankton ecosystem through trophic cascades. The zooplankton
community in PlankTOM11 is highly sensitive to the jellyfish mortality rate,
with jellyfish increasingly dominating the zooplankton community as its
mortality diminishes. Overall, the results suggest that jellyfish play an
important role in regulating global marine plankton ecosystems across
plankton community structure, spatio-temporal dynamics and biomass, which is a role
that has been generally neglected so far.
Environmental DNA simultaneously informs hydrological and biodiversity characterization of an Alpine catchment
Authors: Mächler Elvira , Salyani Anham , Walser Jean-Claude , Larsen Annegret , Schaefli Bettina , Altermatt Florian , Ceperley Natalie
Published: February 2021

Abstract. Alpine streams are particularly valuable for downstream water resources and of high ecological relevance; however, a detailed understanding of water storage and release in such heterogeneous environments is often still lacking. Observations of naturally occurring tracers, such as stable isotopes of water or electrical conductivity, are frequently used to track and explain hydrologic patterns and processes. Importantly, some of these hydrologic processes also create microhabitat variations in Alpine aquatic systems, each inhabited by characteristic organismal communities. The inclusion of such ecological diversity in a hydrologic assessment of an Alpine system may improve our understanding of hydrologic flows while also delivering biological information. Recently, the application of environmental DNA (eDNA) to assess biological diversity in water and connected habitats has gained popularity in the field of aquatic ecology. A few of these studies have started to link aquatic diversity with hydrologic processes but hitherto never in an Alpine system. Here, we collected water from an Alpine catchment in Switzerland and compared the genetic information of eukaryotic organisms conveyed by eDNA with the hydrologic information conveyed by naturally occurring hydrologic tracers. Between March and September 2017, we sampled water at multiple time points at 10 sites distributed over the 13.4 km2 Vallon de Nant catchment (Switzerland). The sites corresponded to three different water types and habitats, namely low-flow or ephemeral tributaries, groundwater-fed springs, and the main channel receiving water from both previous mentioned water types. Accompanying observations of typical physicochemical hydrologic characteristics with eDNA revealed that in the main channel and in the tributaries, the biological richness increases according to the change in streamflow, dq/dt, whereas, in contrast, the richness in springs increased in correlation with electrical conductivity. At the catchment scale, our results suggest that transport of additional, and probably terrestrial, DNA into water storage or flow compartments occurs with increasing streamflow. Such processes include overbank flow, stream network expansion, and hyporheic exchange. In general, our results highlight the importance of considering the at-site sampling habitat in combination with upstream connected habitats to understand how streams integrate eDNA over a catchment and to interpret spatially distributed eDNA samples, both for hydrologic and biodiversity assessments. At the intersection of two disciplines, our study provides complementary knowledge gains and identifies the next steps to be addressed for using eDNA to achieve complementary insights into Alpine water sources. Finally, we provide recommendations for future observation of eDNA in Alpine stream ecosystems.
Evolution of the Tazones Lighthouse slope (Cantabrian coast, N
Spain). Multidisciplinary monitoring between 2018 and 2020
Authors: Domínguez-Cuesta María José , González-Pumariega Pelayo , Valenzuela Pablo , López-Fernández Carlos , Mora Manuel , Meléndez Mónica , Herrera Fernando , Marigil Miguel Ángel , Pando Luis , Cuervas-Mons José , Jiménez-Sánchez Montserrat
Published: February 2021

Abstract. The Tazones Lighthouse slope shows different active mass movements affecting an area of 70.000 m2 of the Cantabrian Coast (N Spain), characterized by almost vertical rocky cliffs developed on Jurassic rocks: alternating marl, sandstone and limestone with three main stratigraphic and structural discontinuity families. Between June 2018 and May 2020, 22 monthly monitoring campaigns have been carried out to measure the displacement of 38 control points, located between 95–110 masl. The total station monitoring has been complemented by ortophoto analysis and detailed digital terrain models (DTM) from two drone flights. Since the beginning of the 3D monitoring, about the 50 % of the markers moved more than 1 m, one of them exceeding 15 m. Detailed DTM has shown that the increased activity is controlled by the discontinuities. There is an extraordinary correlation between displacement acceleration and precipitation and soil moisture: the largest displacements have occurred after 2 periods of intense rain (January and October–November 2019, with a maximum 24-hour precipitation of 64.5 mm and 82.1 mm, respectively, and soil moisture values higher than 90 %). This represents an exceptional opportunity to analyse in real time the Jurassic cliffs retreat of the Cantabrian Coast, a question that remained not quantified.
Brief communication: Appropriate messaging is critical for effective
earthquake early warning systems
Authors: Zhang Meng , Qiao Xue , Seyler Barnabas C. , Di Baofeng , Wang Yuan , Tang Ya
Published: February 2021

Abstract. The earthquake early warning systems (EEWSs) in China have achieved great progress, with warning alerts being successfully delivered to the public in some regions. We examined the performance of the EEWS in China's Sichuan Province during the 2019 Changning Earthquake. Although its technical effectiveness was tested with the first alert released 10 s after the earthquake, we found that a big gap existed between the EEWS's message and the public's response. We highlight the importance of EEWS alert effectiveness and public participation for long-term resiliency, such as delivering useful alert messages through appropriate communication channels and training people to understand and properly respond.
Quartz dissolution associated with magnesium silicate hydrate cement precipitation
Authors: de Ruiter Lisa , Gunnæs Anette Eleonora , Dysthe Dag Kristian , Austrheim Håkon
Published: February 2021

Abstract. Quartz has been replaced by magnesium silicate hydrate cement at
the Feragen ultramafic body in south-east Norway. This occurs in deformed
and recrystallized quartz grains deposited as glacial till covering part of
the ultramafic body. Where the ultramafic body is exposed, weathering leads
to high-pH (∼ 10), Mg-rich fluids. The dissolution rate of the
quartz is about 3 orders of magnitude higher than experimentally derived
rate equations suggest under the prevailing conditions. Quartz dissolution
and cement precipitation start at intergranular grain boundaries that act
as fluid pathways through the recrystallized quartz. Etch pits are also
extensively present at the quartz surfaces as a result of preferential
dissolution at dislocation sites. Transmission electron microscopy revealed
an amorphous silica layer with a thickness of 100–200 nm around weathered
quartz grains. We suggest that the amorphous silica is a product of
interface-coupled dissolution–precipitation and that the amorphous silica
subsequently reacts with the Mg-rich, high-pH bulk fluid to precipitate
magnesium silicate hydrate cement, allowing for further quartz dissolution
and locally a complete replacement of quartz by cement. The cement is the
natural equivalent of magnesium silicate hydrate cement (M-S-H), which is
currently of interest for nuclear waste encapsulation and for environmentally
friendly building cement, but it has not yet been developed for commercial use. This
study provides new insights that could potentially contribute to the further
development of M-S-H cement.
Experimental evidence that viscous shear zones generate periodic pore sheets
Authors: Gilgannon James , Waldvogel Marius , Poulet Thomas , Fusseis Florian , Berger Alfons , Barnhoorn Auke , Herwegh Marco
Published: February 2021

Abstract. In experiments designed to understand deep shear zones, we show that periodic porous sheets emerge spontaneously during viscous creep and that they facilitate mass transfer. These findings challenge conventional expectations of how viscosity in solid rocks operates and provide quantitative data in favour of an alternative paradigm, that of the dynamic granular fluid pump model. On this basis, we argue that our results warrant a reappraisal of the community's perception of how viscous deformation in rocks proceeds with time and suggest that the general model for deep shear zones should be updated to include creep cavitation. Through our discussion we highlight how the integration of creep cavitation, and its Generalised Thermodynamic paradigm, would be consequential for a range of important solid Earth topics that involve viscosity in Earth materials like, for example, slow earthquakes.
Penelitian Awal Kualitas Papan Partikel Plastik yang Terbuat dari Limbah Tandan Kosong Kelapa Sawit dan Ampas Tebu
Authors: Yamin Muhammad
Published: February 2021

Limbah Plastik, tandan kosong kelapa sawit dan ampas tebu merupakan polusi padat yang selain lambat terdegredasi juga merupakan polusi bagi lingkungan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuat dan menguji papan partikel plastik berkerapatan rendah guna peruntukan dalam bidang bangunan. Rancangan exprimen menggunakan uji kualitas papan partikel terbaru yakni SNI 03-2105-2006 dan FAO 1996 dengan perbandingan 50% limbah tebu dan 50% limbah plastik, begitupun untuk percobaan lainnya yakni 50% tandan kosong sawit dan 50% limbah plastik, dengan 3 kali ulangan untuk setiap percobaan. Hasil studi menunjukkan bahwa kualitas papan partikel berkerapatan rendah dari limbah tebu yang sesuai standard SNI 03-2105-2006 kerapatan, kadar air, pengembangan tebal dan MOR serta tarik tegak lurus permukaan, sedangkan dari limbah tandan kosong sawit yang sesuai dengan SNI adalah kerapatan, kadar air dan MOR. Adapun nilai MOE kedua percobaan tidak sesuai dengan SNI, namun untuk standar FAO 1996, kedua ujicoba menunjukkan MOE terdapat kesesuaian dengan nilai standar. Studi penelitian dasar ini menunjukkan bahwa kualitas papan partikel menggunakan limbah tebu lebih baik daripada papan partikel yang menggunakan tandan kosong sawit untuk material bangunan berdasarkan nilai MOE dan MOR.
Studi Demografi dan Ekonomi Penduduk Desa Sebulu Modern, Kecamatan Sebulu, Kabupaten Kutai Kartanegara, Provinsi Kalimantan Timur Tahun 2019
Authors: Wartomo
Published: February 2021

Desa Sebulu Modern merupakan desa pedalaman, terletak di bantaran Sungai Mahakam, dan aksesibilitasnya baik. Desa yang mayoritas penduduknya bekerja sebagai petani dan wiraswasta/dagang ini mayoritas penduduknya adalah Suku Kutai. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui kondisi sosial masyarakat Desa Sebulu Modern yang meliputi demografi desa, ekonomi dan budaya masyarakat desa. Penelitian ini menggunakan data primer dan sekunder, dilakukan dengan wawancara terstruktur, pengolahan data secara tabulasi, dan dianalisis secara statistik dan penafsiran. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kondisi demografi Desa Sebulu Modern yaitu jumlah penduduk 4.224 jiwa, sex rasio 104,26; kepadatan penduduk 67,40 jiwa/Km2, usia produktif 60,39%; angka beban tanggungan 65,58%; mayoritas beragama Islam, pendidikan penduduk tamat SLTA ke atas sebanyak 23,89%; mata pencaharian penduduk mayoritas adalah petani dan wiraswasta/dagang, tingkat emigrasi sebesar penduduk 5,92; tingkat imigrasi penduduk 3,55; tingkat kelahiran bayi 10,65; tingkat kematian penduduk 4,73; dan pola migrasi penduduk secara sirkel, tingkat partisipasi angkatan kerja sebesar 55,14% dan tingkat pengangguran sebesar 14,46%. Kondisi ekonomi masyarakat Desa Sebulu Modern yaitu pendapatan penduduk perkapita pertahun sebesar Rp 13.159.528,- tergolong tidak miskin, kepemilikan lahan berdasarkan warisan dan beli dari orang lain, serta kesempatan kerja 38,15% dan kesempatan berusaha 47,38%. Kondisi budaya masyarakat Desa Sebulu Modern yaitu mayoritas penduduk Suku Kutai, adat istiadat yang berlaku adalah adat istiadat Kutai, serta pengelolaan desa dipimpin oleh Kepala Desa dan Ketua Adat.
Proses Optimasi Produksi Bioetanol dari Limbah Serat Buah Sawit dengan Metode SHF
Authors: Kurniawan Edy Wibowo
Published: February 2021

The Indonesian government is trying to equalize development including the energy sector. The government launched the use of alternative energy starting in 2008 with a blueprint for searching and utilizing new renewable energy sources in Indonesia through biofuels, one of the alternative energy developed is bioethanol. The research objective is the optimization of the SHF method bioethanol production process from palm fruit fiber waste.

The experimental design uses central composite design with variable H2SO4 concentration and fermentation time. The first stage in the study was by saccharifying the palm oil fiber waste by the hydrolysis method using H2SO4 (concentrations of 1 M, 2 M, and 3 M). Then the next stage is fermentation process (fermentation time is 1 day, 2 days, 3 days, 4 days and 5 days). Sugar content analysis was carried out in the fermen solution and analysis of bioethanol levels in each running experiment. Then the optimization is done with the response surface method (RSM).

Based on the research, the optimum condition of the bioethanol production process is H2SO4 concentration of 2.76 M with a fermentation time of 4.64 days which will produce bioethanol levels of 28.6027 g/L.