bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Features of management of export-oriented manufacturing enterprise at entering foreign markets: intellectual aspect
Authors: KOVTUNENKO Kseniia , KOVALCHUK Oleksandra , DOLOKA Roman
Published: July 2021

At the present stage of development of modern Ukrainian enterprises, access to foreign markets is becoming increasingly important, which is why questions about the effective management of export-oriented enterprises are increasingly common and require more detailed research. Most Ukrainian companies that adhere to the vector of development at some point in their existence begin to be interested in the internationalization of their activities and the search for new markets. Internationalization of business is becoming an important prerequisite for further growth and development. Internationalization of the enterprise and entering new foreign markets is an extremely complex process that cannot be done overnight, and to achieve it you need to be sufficiently educated in this topic and systematically plan it, as well as have financial opportunities, audacity and a little luck. To expand the markets for export activities, it is important to answer several questions: who is a potential competitor in a new market, what strategy should be implemented, what may be the features of export activities in a country and what should be considered in managing export activities? Depending on the answers to these and other questions, the success of the implementation of further plans for the expansion of markets and the overall efficiency of foreign economic activity largely depends. In the course of this research the peculiarities of management of modern export-oriented Ukrainian enterprises were considered, and the main stages of the enterprise passing on foreign markets were singled out. In this context, the intellectual aspect deserves special attention when entering foreign markets, which primarily involves the management of intellectual property abroad. When entering foreign markets, it is unacceptable to neglect the intellectual aspect, because most successful enterprises, large and small, are built on well-managed intangible assets or intellectual property.
The legal meaning of the terms "torture", "inhuman treatment or punishment", "degrading treatment or punishment" and their distinction in the decisions of the European commission of human rights and the European court of human rights
Authors: YAMELSKA Khrystyna
Published: July 2021

The paper reveals the legal meaning of the terms "torture", "inhuman treatment or punishment", "treatment or punishment that degrades human dignity". A distinction between these concepts is made on the examples of court decisions of European courts, taking into account the individual circumstances of each case. The genesis of the origin of the above concepts is investigated through a prism of the decisions of the European Commission of Human Rights and the European Court of Human Rights.
The paper reveals the absolute nature of the "jus cogens" norm of Article 3 of the Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms. The author proposes to modernize the Ukrainian criminal legislation on the reception of the position of the European Court of Human Rights on the delimitation of these concepts.
In contrast to the European convention regulation of ill-treatment, torture, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment, the author notes that the Ukrainian legislation regulates this issue quite succinctly. The Article 127 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine provides a definition only of torture, which in essence coincides with the definition of the United Nations Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment and the position of the European Court of Human Rights.
The paper notes that the practice of Ukrainian courts shows that a distinction (similar to that provided by the European Court of Human Rights) is not implemented.
TPRE Call for Manuscripts
Authors: TPRE
Published: July 2021

The editors of the Theory & Practice in Rural Education would like to invite authors to submit manuscripts for forthcoming issues.
Editorial Board & Reviewers for Volume 10, Number 2
Authors: TPRE
Published: July 2021

Identification of Editorial Leadership, Associate Editors, Joyner Library Liaison, and Review Board
STUDY ON CONCENTRATIONS OF ACIDS AND ALCOHOLS EMITTED BY PINUS RADIATA
DURING HIGH-TEMPERATURE DRYING
Authors: Chu Jiangyi , Jiang Jinghui , Qi Chusheng , Zhou Yongdong
Published: July 2021

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the influence of kiln temperature,
relative humidity and wood moisture content on the content of acid and alcohol released in the drying process of high temperature kiln by studying the radiated pine sawn timber of 40mm thickness. The drying temperature was between 101°C and 115°C, the relative humidity in the drying kiln was reduced from 86.1% to 39.6%, the moisture content of the lumber was reduced from 106.16% to 11.98%, and gas extraction was executed nine times with an extraction speed of 1.0 L•min-1 and a sampling time of 30 min. The concentrations of acids and alcohols were analyzed by HPLC. The results showed that the concentrations of formic acid, acetic acid, and methanol emitted in the kiln during drying were 215.6-748.2, 4148.8-16803.2, and 6381.9-15648.9 mg•m-3, respectively, and these concentrations were significantly higher than the relevant standards. The concentrations of the emitted formic acid and acetic acid were proportional to the drying temperature, the concentrations of the emitted formic acid and acetic acid were inversely proportional to the relative humidity in the kiln and the moisture content of the lumber. The concentration of the emitted methanol was independent of the drying temperature, relative humidity in the kiln, and moisture content of the lumber. It is therefore suggested that formic acid, acetic acid, and methanol be separately recovered during the high-temperature drying of Pinus radiata lumber.
La inoculación de la corrupción en tiempos de pandemia COVID 19
Authors: Patrón Baldwin José Luis , Valera PavletichValera Pavletich María Elizabeth
Published: July 2021

El presente artículo tiene por objetivo analizar cómo afecta la corrupción a la población en tiempos de pandemia COVID 19, diversos países presentaron casos de corrupción creando una amenaza en el bienestar del ciudadano, limitando el crecimiento económico ygenerando un impacto negativo de la ciudadanía contra las instituciones públicas. El método utilizado fue deductivo, de diseño no experimental, la técnica de recolección de información fue análisis documental, basado en la sistematización epistemológica de “Open Access” de artículos publicados en referencia a la corrupción enCOVID-19. Los resultados enfatizaron que la corrupción está latente, que existe alto nivel de desconfianza de la población contra las instituciones públicas. la pandemia fue una oportunidad para incrementar su beneficio personal. Las conclusiones arribadas señalan que la corrupción genera una barrera en el desarrollo económico sostenible del país. Los países como México, Ecuador, Cuba, Brasil,Colombia incluído Perú, no han sido competentes de enfrentar frontalmente la corrupción; los gobiernos, en todos los niveles, evidenciaron actos de corrupción con la adquisición bienessobrevalorados e utilizar la contratación directa en la elección del proveedor. Consecuentemente, urge dar sostenibilidad y seguimiento a los sistemas de rendición de cuentas, transparencia, ética e integridad dentro de las instituciones públicas.
Trastorno por Déficit de Atención e Hiperactividad en estudiantes en edad escolar de 6 a 17 años
Authors: Saldaña Núñez Martha Patricia , Alanya Beltran Joel
Published: July 2021

El presente trabajo evidencia una revisión sistemática de la literatura de diferentes artículos acerca del Trastorno por Déficit de Atención e Hiperactividad, el cual afecta a millones de niños y adolescentes en edad escolar de 6 a 17 años. Objetivo. Identificar las metodologías trabajadas en estudiantes que presentan el Trastorno de Déficit deAtención e Hiperactividad y sus niveles de relación entre pares y el rendimiento en sus clases. Materiales y métodos. El proceso de búsqueda se realizó a partir de las bases de datos: PsycInfo, Dianet, MedLine, Redalyc, Scielo y PubMed, Revistas Neurológicas, Revistas Sicológicas, con palabras claves en inglés y español y determinados criterios de inclusión y exclusión. Resultados. Se utilizaron 18 artículos para el análisis de texto completo y 18 artículos para la revisión sistemática, los cuales evidenciaron diversos aspectos relacionados con estudiantes que presentan el Trastorno de Déficit de Atención e Hiperactividad. Conclusión. La investigación realizada podrá ser de utilidad para investigadores, docentes y profesionales del área de la salud y la educación que trabajen con niños y adolescentes con Trastorno de déficit de atención e hiperactividad.
Digital Protectionism: Myth or Reality?
Authors: Markova O. A. , Meleshkina A. I.
Published: July 2021

Many governments continue or even return to protectionism, with a special influence on digital protectionism that has emerged in the era of digital development. Compared to the traditional protectionism the digital one usually differs due to the expansive growth of digital companies and the enormous amounts of data they gather. The authors focus on the two main elements of digital protectionism – a regulatory regime that creates barriers to cross-border data transfer and benefits in antitrust legislation in respect of internal companies. The purpose of the article is to identify the risks of applying special regulation of personal data protection and using antitrust policy to regulate digital companies functioning as means of protectionism. The analysis includes two stages: comparing of personal data protection and digital protectionism aims, assessing the protectionism motives within the framework of antitrust regulation. Based on the results of the study the authors come to the conclusion that industrial and antitrust regulators should take into account the risks of implementing digital protectionism to the competition.
O EU DOCENTE: UM SISTEMA INTELECTUAL PARA ALÉM DAS INSTITUIÇÕES
Authors: Guedes de Oliveira Sabrina
Published: July 2021

Este artigo tem o objetivo de analisar a constituição docente enquanto arcabouço intelectual, teórico-prático, que se constrói ao  ongo da sua formação profissional além do sistema instituinte e institucionalizado, formal e sistemático. Temos a  pretensão de  ualificar o professorado como sendo, ele próprio, um sistema que é capaz de produzir o seu conhecimento, racional e empírico,  ornando-se pressuposto teórico e categoria cognoscente. Um desafio a ser superado na concepção de formação docente da  tualidade e que precisa ser considerado pelas instituições públicas e privadas de ensino, local de empregabilidade da maioria desse   orpo profissional. Como problema para esta pesquisa, colocamos a seguinte proposição: Por que o saber profissional, constituído  a prática docente, muitas das vezes, não é considerado conhecimento teórico válido? Para responder a esta questão, colocamos  lgumas hipóteses: o saber docente construído no espaço profissional não é validado pelas instituições educacionais; a prática  rofissional docente, em sua grande maioria, não se constitui como saber necessário à produção de conhecimento. Para este artigo, nos utilizamos da Pesquisa Bibliográfica, trazendo para esta discussão, como referencial teórico, nomes importantes como Mikhail  akhtin, Paulo Freire, Antônio Nóvoa, dentre outros. A partir das pesquisas dos autores mencionados, provocaremos uma discussão e  ma reflexão sobre a própria constituição docente que temos atualmente.
Geriatrik Cerrahide Ameliyat Sürecindeki Güncel Yaklaşımlar
Authors: KARA Havva , YILMAZ Emel
Published: July 2021

Dünya çapında ve ülkemizde artmakta olan geriatrik hasta sayısı ile beraber geriatrik cerrahiye duyulan ilgi ve ihtiyaç da artmaktadır. Bu hastaların pek çoğu, cerrahiye neden olan hastalık dışında birçok kronik hastalığa da sahiptir. Hastalar rutin ameliyat öncesi, sırası ve sonrası bakımın yanısıra daha kapsamlı bir hemşirelik bakımına ihtiyaç duymaktadırlar. Ayrıca geriatrik cerrahi hastalarında komplikasyonların ve hastaneye tekrar yatışların en aza indirgenmesi ve mortalite oranlarının azalması için bakımda güncel bilgilerin takip edilmesi ve kullanılması gerekmektedir. Bu makalede, geriatrik cerrahi hastalarının ameliyat süreci boyunca hemşirelik bakımına ilişkin güncel bilgiler tartışılmıştır.
TD 2662 - Políticas Públicas de Igualdade Racial: trajetórias e mudança institucional no governo federal de 2000 a 2014
Authors: Silva Tatiana Dias , Calmon Paulo Du Pin , Silva Suylan de Almeida Midlej e
Published: July 2021

Este texto teve como objetivo investigar como as políticas públicas de igualdade racial
foram inseridas na agenda governamental e implementadas em 2014 no governo federal
brasileiro. A estratégia de pesquisa foi o estudo de caso, utilizando-se de process tracing para análise dos fatos no período em tela. Com base nesse instrumental, foi desenvolvida linha do tempo, composta de três períodos e uma seção de antecedentes. O primeiro período (2000 a 2002) refere-se ao momento de preparação para a Conferência de Durban em 2001 e seus efeitos imediatos. No segundo período (2003-2009), verifica-se a institucionalização da política de igualdade racial no governo federal, marcada pela ascensão do governo do Partido dos Trabalhadores (PT) e a criação de instância em nível ministerial para o tema (Secretaria de Políticas de Promoção da Igualdade Racial – Seppir). O último período (2010-2014) incorpora a fase de consolidação da política, em que foram desenvolvidas normativas e decisões que
estabeleceram a legitimidade das medidas e permitiram sua expansão. Para investigar
cada período em relação aos objetivos, questões e pressupostos enunciados, a pesquisa foi dividida em três etapas não lineares. Na primeira etapa, o foco é traçar a linha do tempo, com os principais acontecimentos de cada período e com os mecanismos causais principais que conduziram a mudança. A segunda etapa tem como foco qualificar a mudança institucional, caracterizando seus principais aspectos. Na terceira etapa, procura-se identificar como as categorias atores, contexto e instituições se comportaram no processo de mudança institucional. A investigação se baseou em
pesquisa documental, bibliográfica e entrevistas. Conclui-se que o processo de inserção das políticas de igualdade racial no governo federal brasileiro no período de 2000 a 2014 foi promovido por mecanismos causais como a pressão internacional, o
tensionamento institucional e a validação normativa, configurando uma trajetória de mudança institucional em camadas, que se precipitou também para processos de
mudança por conversão e por desvio.
Dette, développement et dépendance – Prévenir les risques liés à la dette souveraine dans les économies émergentes
Authors: Magnusson Carl Magnus
Published: July 2021

La dette souveraine des marchés émergents n'a cessé d'augmenter depuis plusieurs décennies. Leurs émissions annuelles ont plus que doublé depuis 2000, atteignant 2 500 Md$ à la fin de 2019. Cette hausse s'est par ailleurs intensifiée dans le sillage de la pandémie de Covid-19 face à laquelle les gouvernements des marchés émergents ont eu recours à de nouvelles émissions de dette et emprunté des montants considérables. Outre les emprunts sur le marché intérieur, au cours des six premiers mois de 2020, les gouvernements des marchés émergents ont emprunté un total de 124 Md$ en devises fortes. Certains ont qualifié ce phénomène de « pandémie de la dette ». De nouvelles hausses sont encore à prévoir, car les gouvernements s'efforcent de soutenir les entreprises qui luttent pour survivre face au choc prolongé de la demande provoqué par les mesures de distanciation sociale et de confinement mises en œuvre par les gouvernements, afin de tenter de limiter la propagation du virus ainsi que par l'« autoconfinement » que certains s'imposent afin de réduire leurs interactions sociales. Classification JEL : E44, F21, F30, F34, F40, G00, G10, G15, G30.
La restructuration des dettes souveraines : savoir naviguer en des eaux agitées
Authors: Cailleteau Pierre , Lambert Thomas
Published: July 2021

Avec la pandémie de Covid-19, les dettes publiques vont atteindre des niveaux sans précédent dans le monde, et de nombreux pays éprouvent déjà des difficultés à faire face à leurs échéances. L'avenir de nos sociétés dépendra de la capacité des gouvernements à supporter de tels niveaux d'endettement ou, le cas échéant, à penser les stratégies appropriées pour les réduire. Les États sont en réalité inégaux devant de la dette, certains d'entre eux pouvant parfaitement supporter une dette pesant près de deux fois le PIB lorsque d'autres sont acculés au défaut avec des ratios d'endettement nettement moindres. L'action des banques centrales joue un très grand rôle pour expliquer ce phénomène. Pour mesurer les risques de crise de la dette, d'autres indicateurs sont donc plus pertinents qu'une simple mesure du stock rapporté au PIB. La capacité à refinancer la dette et le poids de la charge d'intérêt dans le budget sont des indicateurs clés. Lorsqu'une restructuration de la dette devient inéluctable, les pays en développement sont confrontés à un paysage nouveau dans lequel les acteurs traditionnels – comme le Club de Paris – ne jouent plus le premier rôle. Il convient donc de réfléchir à des initiatives permettant de recréer un cadre international efficace favorisant des processus de restructuration ordonnés. Classification JEL : E44, F02, F30, F34, F40, G00, G10, G15, G30.
États d’urgence
Authors: Saint-Bonnet François
Published: July 2021

Chez les gouvernants comme chez les gouvernés, l’urgence, qu’elle soit sécuritaire ou sanitaire, relève aujourd’hui de l’addiction. Il faudrait pourtant se réhabituer à une forme de normalité de l’incertitude.
Syrie : au pays de l’humiliation heureuse
Authors: Kaddour Omar , Mardam-Bey Farouk
Published: July 2021

La victoire de Bachar al-Assad aux élections syriennes est une humiliation de plus dirigée contre son peuple. La falsification du scrutin n’a pas seulement réélu illégalement le despote, elle a rendu les réfugiés et les opposants au régime, qui en sont les victimes quotidiennes, complices de la mascarade à leur insu.
Des incarnations, des percepts et du temps
Authors: Zeniter Alice , Gefen Alexandre
Published: July 2021

Pour la romancière et dramaturge, la confiance dans la littérature engagée s’est perdue, mais les grandes œuvres ont toujours une portée politique, en ce qu’elles explorent, avec des incarnations, des percepts et du temps, la difficulté à s’organiser en société commune.
La révolution numérique de la littérature
Authors: Bon François , Hubrecht Joël
Published: July 2021

Pionnier dans l’usage des outils numériques en littérature, François Bon développe une réflexion qui rappelle combien l’écriture littéraire s’est toujours réinventée à partir des ruptures technologiques qui lui sont contemporaines.
« Adam, où es-tu ? »
Authors: Breitwiller Anne-Sophie , Latour Bruno , Louzeau Frédéric
Published: July 2021

Les Églises d’Occident ont une responsabilité dans la crise écologique car elles ont négligé la question de la matière. Mais la prédication apostolique peut se laisser affecter par la nouvelle cosmologie selon laquelle la Terre résulte de l’action des vivants. En effet, la Terre est aussi le seul lieu du salut.
Entre bienfaisance et pollution. Les ambassadeurs d’ONG dans l’espace public
Authors: Véroone Baptiste
Published: July 2021

Cet article traite des dispositions et des techniques que les ambassadeurs d’ONG présents dans les espaces publics urbains utilisent pour déjouer, par anticipation, les réactions et affects négatifs qu’ils peuvent générer. À partir d’expériences vécues et d’une enquête ethnographique, l’auteur analyse cette figure d’« indésirable », ambivalente du fait de sa fonction bienfaitrice. À travers des formations qui préparent l’entrée sur le terrain de ces salariés, ces derniers en viennent à développer certaines dispositions socioprofessionnelles, ainsi que des règles de conduites ajustées à leur statut d’indésirable tout autant qu’à leur objectif de récolte monétaire. Grâce à elles, ils apprennent, de manière subtile, à surmonter le sentiment de constituer une « pollution urbaine » et à susciter la sympathie des passants à leur égard. Un préalable nécessaire pour tenir bon et parvenir à recruter des donateurs.
Modelo de gestión socioeconómica y responsabilidad social empresarial. Un caso de estudio del sector aguacatero en México
Authors: Conraud Koellner Eva , Ríos Manríquez Martha , Ramírez Cortés Yaztmin
Published: July 2021

Cet article aborde l’influence du modèle socio-économique de l’Institut ISEOR sur la responsabilité sociale des entreprises, en particulier dans les outils d’intervention, comme stratégie pertinente pour impliquer le capital humain dans les actions de responsabilité sociale. Une étude de cas d’autodiagnostic d’une entreprise de taille moyenne du secteur de l’avocat au Mexique, avec plus de quinze ans d’application du modèle de gestion socio-économique révèle son impact sur les pratiques de travail de l’entreprise, favorisant dans l’entreprise la création d’un service de responsabilité sociale, l’approbation de projets, notamment dans sa performance socio-économique et l’attention portée à son personnel.
French multinationals and Spanish human capital, c. 1950s-1990s
Authors: Sánchez Esther M. , Castro Rafael
Published: July 2021

La France contribua intensément au miracle économique espagnol dès la fin des années 1950, non seulement par le biais des investissements directs et des exportations, mais aussi par le transfert de connaissances et de compétences. L’objectif de cet article est d’explorer l’influence des multinationales françaises sur la mise en valeur du capital humain espagnol, des ouvriers et techniciens spécialisés dans les chaînes de montage aux ingénieurs, en passant par les cadres et les managers. Grâce à une grande variété de sources, nous nous concentrerons sur trois secteurs importants qui eurent des retombées significatives : le nucléaire, l’industrie de la défense et la construction automobile représentée par la filiale de Renault. Ces études de cas nous permettront de mieux comprendre les processus d’internationalisation et d’internalisation des économies d’origine et d’accueil.
Les travaux de la task force dédiée à un développement responsable des neurotechnologies en France
Authors: Maigné Pascal
Published: July 2021

La mise en œuvre, en France, de la recommandation de l’OCDE sur l’innovation responsable en neurotechnologies a été confiée à une task force représentative des parties prenantes. La première mesure adoptée par la task force consiste à proposer aux entreprises du domaine d’adhérer à une charte de développement responsable des neurotechnologies qui sera co-construite par l’ensemble des acteurs. Cette charte se veut être un outil dynamique conçu collectivement au bénéfice de tous. En s’engageant à respecter le droit à la liberté cognitive et en respectant la confidentialité des données collectées, les acteurs privés et publics renforceront la confiance des patients et des utilisateurs dans ces technologies et favoriseront ainsi le développement de nouveaux marchés pour les entreprises. Au titre des autres principes de la recommandation, la task force porte une attention particulière à la participation citoyenne.
Entre le narcissisme freudien et l’anatman bouddhiste : la notion d’identité chez Jung
Authors: Martin-Vallas François
Published: July 2021

Partant de la question que le jeune Carl Gustav se posait sur “sa” pierre, «  Suis-je celui qui est assis sur la pierre, ou suis-je la pierre sur laquelle il est assis ?  », l’auteur tente de montrer que la notion d’identité se fonde, pour Jung, sur une indétermination choisie. Il en ressort une position éthique autant que méthodologique qui différencie sa démarche tant de la démarche freudienne que de celles des pensées orientales du bouddhisme et de l’hindouisme, tout en ayant de nombreux point commun avec elles. Il s’appuie sur les notions d’émergence et d’énaction (Varela) qu’il développe, arguant que la notion d’archétype, particulièrement du soi, mérite d’être réévaluée au regard de ce nouveau paradigme scientifique.
Superviser loin de chez soi
Authors: Abramovitch Henry , Wiener Jan , Claudotte-Bérard Célia , Raguet Christian
Published: July 2021

Cet article explore certains défis dans la supervision du travail clinique des étudiants, appelés « routers », qui vivent dans des pays avec des traditions culturelles, sociales et politiques diverses, par des analystes qui voyagent pour aller les superviser. Il se présente sous la forme d’un dialogue interactif entre les deux auteurs, qui explorent ensemble les effets de leur propre culture d’origine et, en particulier, l’héritage et les valeurs de leurs propres instituts de formation portant sur les styles et les modèles de supervision analytique. Leur dialogue s’articule autour du sens du chez-soi et des expériences de mal du pays chez les analystes qui travaillent loin de chez eux dans un champ interactif d’étrangetés dans les pays où la psychologie analytique est une discipline relativement nouvelle. Les auteurs exposent leurs propres constatations qualitatives tandis que d’autres superviseurs travaillant à l’étranger et ceux qu’ils ont supervisés décrivent leurs expériences et leurs rencontres avec la différence. Le dialogue se termine avec la discussion entre les deux auteurs sur ce qu’ils ont appris sur l’enseignement et la supervision à l’étranger, les implications liées à une utilisation plus souple des concepts jungiens et la façon dont ces visites ont changé leur pratique clinique dans leurs pays d’origine.
Le Pont rompu : exploration du cœur mythique des complexes culturels mexicains
Authors: Juvin Claude , Ruiz Rocio , Raguet Christian
Published: July 2021

À travers quelques mythes fondateurs aztèques et l’histoire de la colonisation du Mexique par les Espagnols, les auteures essaient de comprendre la résurgence de la violence et le processus de désintégration qui existe dans ce pays depuis des siècles et s’est accentué depuis des décennies dans le Mexique actuel. La notion de déintégration-réintégration du Soi élaborée par M.Fordham éclaire cette étude qui analyse en particulier le lien masculin-féminin tant intrapsychique qu’interrelationnel.
L’aspect religieux du terrorisme actuel, un éclairage jungien
Authors: Vienne Brigitte
Published: July 2021

Après les attentats terroristes en France en 2015, cet article interroge les mécanismes de recrutement des islamistes fanatiques et recherche les sources religieuses de cet embrigadement. L’accent est mis sur les phénomènes collectifs et religieux, au-delà des facteurs individuels qui ne sont pas directement accessibles. L’observation détaillée des méthodes utilisées permet de mettre en évidence la dimension religieuse et la dimension groupale sous-jacentes à la radicalisation. La dimension religieuse découle d’une possession organisée par l’archétype de l’Apocalypse, alors que la dimension groupale pointe vers les mécanismes d’emprise sectaire qui organisent le fanatisme religieux, lequel est questionné dans son histoire et ses composantes. L’interrogation sur la folie apparente de cette violence terroriste souligne la dimension de déshumanisation de l’Autre et de perte d’âme qui accompagnent l’organisation de cette possession et qui trouvent un terrain favorable dans certaines caractéristiques du monde occidental moderne.
Réflexions sur la Violence Religieuse et Ethnique : hindous et musulmans en Inde
Authors: Kakar Sudhir , Gaumond Marcel
Published: July 2021

Nous sommes, à l’époque actuelle, témoins d’une vague de violence entre groupes religieux : sunnites et chiites dans une grande partie du Moyen-Orient, bouddhistes et musulmans au Myanmar et au Sri Lanka, chrétiens et musulmans dans certaines régions d’Afrique, hindous et musulmans en Inde. Préoccupés par les aspects économiques et politiques de ces violents conflits, nous avons tendance à ignorer les racines psychologiques de la violence entre ces groupes, ainsi que l’expérience vécue par les hommes, les femmes et les enfants impliqués dans ces conflits. Prenant l’exemple du conflit Hindou-Musulman en Inde, cet article tente de combler ces lacunes.
Medical waste treatment scheme selection based on single-valued neutrosophic numbers
Authors: Ling Jie ,   College of Computer and Cyber Security, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350117, China, Lin Mingwei , Zhang Lili ,   Digital Fujian Internet-of-Things Laboratory of Environmental Monitoring, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350117, China,   College of Electronics and Information Science, Fujian Jiangxia University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, China
Published: July 2021

With the rapid increase in the number of infected people in COVID-19, medical supplies have been increasing significantly. Medical waste treatment scheme selection may have long-term impacts on the economy, society, and environment. Determining the best treatment option is a considerable challenge. To solve this problem, in this paper, we proposed a multi-criteria group decision making (MCGDM) method based on single-valued neutrosophic numbers and partitioned Maclaurin symmetric mean (PMSM) operator. Because of the complexity of the medical waste treatment scheme selection problem, the single-valued neutrosophic numbers are applied to express the uncertain evaluation information. For the medical waste treatment scheme selection problem, the factors or criteria (these two terms can be interchanged.) in the same clusters are closely related, and the criteria in different clusters have no relationships. The partitioned Maclaurin symmetric mean function can handle these complicated criterion relationships. Therefore, we extend the PMSM operator to process the single-valued neutrosophic numbers and propose the single-valued neutrosophic partitioned Maclaurin symmetric mean (SVNPMSM) operator and its weighted form (SVNWPMSM). Then, we analyze their properties and give typical examples of the proposed operators. An MCGDM model based on the SVNWPMSM aggregation operator is developed and applied to solve the medical waste treatment scheme selection problem. Finally, the validity and superiority of the developed model are verified by comparing it with the previous methods.
The Status and the Future of the PLS-II
Authors: SHIN Seung-Hwan , KIM Hee-Jin , KIM Yeon-Gil , KIM Jong-Hyun
Published: July 2021

Through construction and operation over the last 25 years, the Pohang light source (PLS) and the PLS-II (upgrade of PLS) have played a key role in developments in the vacuum and semiconductor industries, civil engineering, surveying, and even in the building technology of Korea. The PLS has actively contributed to developments in chemical engineering and bio-technology, which directly affect industry and people’s life. In this article, the status of the PLS-II will be described, and the future of the PLS-II will be introduced.
Studying the Physical Properties of Bi-2223 Nanostructure Prepared Thermal Treatment Method
Authors: Alkaabi Zaid K. , Al-Shakarchi Emad K.
Published: July 2021

Recently, the researchers gave a great interest in the superconducting topic, as the preparation method is importance to reach a high critical temperature. In this study, the Bi2Sr2Ca2Cu3O10 (Bi-2223) compound prepared by thermal treatment method at different sintering temperatures such as (600, 700, 850) °C at (7) PH for (20 hrs). The phase formation was observed by X-ray diffraction, as well as information about the crystal structure, as the peaks were almost identical to the international standard document. the peaks are well indexed by tetragonal phase of Bi-2223. The results of the electrical resistance test showed that there is a difference in the critical temperature depending on the difference of the sintering temperatures The best result was at a temperature of 850 ° C. The sizes of the nanoparticles ranged from (22 - 123) nm, this is what the TEM measurements showed. It has been shown to be a successful method for preparing superconducting nanoparticles as (Bi-2223) compound
IL CIRCOLO VIRTUOSO: SCIPIONE EMILIANO E I SUOI AMICI NELL’IMMAGINE DI CICERONE
Authors: Mazzoli Giancarlo
Published: July 2021

The image transmitted by Cicero especially in the De re publica and in the Laelius de amicitia has fueled the traditional thesis on the so-called ‘scipionic circle’: philhellenism, with more specific reference to the names of Polybius and Panaetius, would have had a profound impact in Rome already from the middle of the second century B.C. on the customs, ideals and philosophical vocation of the group of aristocrats who gather around the charismatic figure of Scipio Aemilianus. However, more recent studies have strongly questioned whether the cultural process activated by the encounter with Greek thought could have already evolved a century before Cicero, within a ruling class that still too much resembles the Horatian ferus victor; and also Cicero in other works represents the main figures of that group in a less idealized way on a cultural level, starting with Scipio himself and his friend Laelius.
Knowledge, attitude, and practice regarding COVID-19 among COVID-19 patients and their correlation with the outcomes
Authors: Nehara Hardeva Ram , Khanna Kritika , Chhimpa Atma Ram , Agrawal Sahaj , Arakeri Avadusidda , Sirohi Pramendra
Published: July 2021

Objective:

To assess the knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) regarding COVID-19 among COVID-19 patients and their relation with the outcomes.

Methods:

This cross-sectional study was carried out among COVID-19 patients (18-year-old or older) consecutively admitted to a dedicated COVID-19 hospital located in northwest Rajasthan, India. Data regarding socio-demographic parameters, KAP, and primary composite outcome (admission to intensive care unit, mechanical ventilation, or in-hospital death) were collected. KAP scores were compared between different demographic variables and primary composite outcomes. Association between different demographic variables, primary composite outcomes, and KAP scores were determined through multivariate linear regression. Besides, the correlation among KAP scores was analyzed.

Results:

Out of the total 222 patients, most of them (65.76%) had average KAP scores towards COVID-19. The mean scores for knowledge were 7.88, with an overall correct rate of 71.63%; the mean attitude scores were 2.42, with an overall correct rate of 60.50%; the mean practice scores were 5.12, with an overall correct rate of 64.00%. Patients who met the primary composite outcomes had higher knowledge scores, but lower attitude and practice scores. The result showed a significant positive correlation between the level of education, socioeconomic class, and knowledge, attitude, and practice towards COVID-19. Knowledge towards COVID-19 was significantly associated with a positive attitude and good practice.

Conclusions:

Our findings show that adult COVID-19 patients have average KAP towards COVID-19 among COVID-19 patients. Poor attitude and practice towards COVID-19 are associated with adverse outcomes, so it is suggested to strengthen attitude and practice towards COVID-19 to improve the outcomes.
Attitude, Practices and Experience of Dental Professionals During COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Prajapati Aalap Sureshkumar , Kulkarni Poonam Rahul , Shah Harsh G , Shah Dhaval Bharat , Sodani Vasudha , Doshi Paras
Published: July 2021

Introduction:

Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is a declared public health emergency of international concern. Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) classified health-care professionals and exposure risk to coronavirus (COVID-19), identifying dental professionals in the very high-risk group due to the specificity of dental procedures and instrumentations used. Guidelines from relevant authorities suggested providing only emergency and urgent dental treatment during the pandemic which has led majority of dental practice to stop, thus instilling anxiety in the dental professionals. A study to assess the attitude, practice and experience of dental professionals from Gujarat state during the COVID-19 pandemic was planned.

Materials and Methods:

An online questionnaire consisting of 32 questions using Google Form was distributed to 315 dental professionals. Data obtained were analysed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences 22.0. Descriptive statistical analysis was used to describe variables. Chi-square test was used to find a significant association between parameters, and P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results:

Overall, 194 dental professionals (104 general dentists and 90 specialists) filled the questionnaire. Nearly half of the participants (49.5%) said that personal protective equipment (PPE) is uncomfortable while performing dental procedures. The majority of them (86.6%) insisted on increasing the cost of dental treatments. Regarding new practices adapted during the pandemic, 53 dental professionals (27.3%) did not find teledentistry effective in resolving the patient's problem. Only 75 dental professionals (38.7%) followed all the screening criteria for patients. Fifty-nine participants (30.4%) got the COVID-19 test for patients requiring the aerosol-generating procedure. While 125 participants (64.4%) performed aerosol-generating procedures either in urgent/emergency cases or elective cases, only 115 (59.3%) used full PPE with an appropriate mask. One hundred and thirty-seven (70.6%) of them reported a decrease in income during the pandemic, while 74 (38.1%) suffered from anxiety and depression.

Conclusion:

Dental health-care providers are at the highest risk of contracting COVID-19. Thus, they should execute proposed precautionary measures more diligently. Regular training and screening of dental professionals should be undertaken by state regulatory bodies. Adapting and adhering to change in work protocols by dental professionals will ensure not only their safety but also their patients. The emergence of COVID-19 has been great learning for the field of dentistry, and the dental practice is going to change for the better.
Joint consensus statement of the Saudi Public Health Authority on the recommended amount of physical activity, sedentary behavior, and sleep duration for healthy Saudis
Authors: BaHammam Ahmed S. , Alghannam Abdullah F. , Aljaloud Khalid Saad , Aljuraiban Ghadeer S. , AlMarzooqi Mezna A. , Dobia Ali M. , Alothman Shaima A. , Aljuhani Osama , Alfawaz Rasha A.
Published: July 2021

The Saudi Public Health Authority recently prepared a Consensus Statement regarding how much time a person should spend engaged in physical activity, sedentary behavior, and sleep to promote optimal health across all age groups. This paper describes the background literature, methodology, and modified RAND Appropriateness Method and Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE)-ADOLOPMENT approach that guided the development process. A Leadership Group and Consensus Panels were formed, and credible existing guidelines were identified. The Panel identified clear criteria to choose the best practice guidelines for the set objectives after evaluation, based on GRADE table evidence, findings table summaries, and draft recommendations. Updating of the selected practice guidelines was performed, and the Consensus Panels separately reviewed the evidence for each behavior and decided to adopt or adapt the selected practice guideline recommendations or create de novo recommendations. Data related to cultural factors that may affect the studied behaviors, such as prayer times, midday napping or “Qailulah,” and the holy month of Ramadan, were also reviewed. Two rounds of voting were conducted to reach a consensus for each behavior.
Post-COVID-19 functional status
Authors: Mohamed Hussein Aliae AR , Saad Mahmoud , Zayan Hossam E , Abdelsayed Mustafa , Moustafa Mohamed , Ezzat Abdel Rahman , Helmy Radwa , Abd-Elaal Howaida , Aly Karim , Abdelrheem Shaimaa , Sayed Islam
Published: July 2021

RATIONAL:

Recently, a new “Post-COVID-19 Functional Status (PCFS) scale” is recommended in the current COVID-19 pandemic. It is proposed that it could be used to display direct retrieval and the functional sequelae of COVID-19.

AIM OF THE STUDY:

The aim of the study was to assess the PCFS and to evaluate if age, gender, smoking, hospitalization, and comorbidities have any effect on functional limitations in recovered COVID-19 patients.

METHODS:

A total of 444 registered confirmed COVID-19 patients were included. They were interviewed in our follow-up clinics and filled an Arabic translated PCFS scale as well as their demographic and clinical data.

RESULTS:

Eighty percent of COVID-19 recovered cases have diverse degrees of functional restrictions ranging from negligible (63.1%), slight (14.4%), moderate (2%), to severe (0.5%) based on PCFS. Furthermore, there was a substantial variance between the score of PCFS with age (P = 0.003), gender (P = 0.014), the duration since the onset of the symptoms of COVID-19 (P < 0.001), need for oxygen supplementation (P < 0.001), need for intensive care unit (ICU) admittance (P = 0.003), previous periodic influenza vaccination (P < 0.001), smoking status (P < 0.001), and finally, the presence of any comorbid disorder (P < 0.001).

CONCLUSIONS:

Most of the COVID-19 recovered cases have diverse degrees of functional restrictions ranging from negligible to severe based on PCFS. These restrictions were affected by age, gender, periodic influenza vaccination, smoking, duration since symptoms onset, need for oxygen or ICU admittance, and finally the presence of coexisting comorbidity.
A case of predominantly chief cell parathyroid adenoma showing early washout of 99mTc MIBI detected by single-photon emission computerized tomography-computed tomography (SPECT-CT)
Authors: Sricharan K. B. , Lakshmi Rayudu Amrutha , Mohan V. S. Krishna , Chandana Gali Sai , Gupta Ranadheer Manthri , Yootla Mutheeswaraiah , Kalawat Tekchand
Published: July 2021

Parathyroid adenoma is a major clinical manifestation of primary hyperparathyroidism, which is usually diagnosed with invasive methods. In most of the cases delayed washout of radio tracer is appreciated on routine parathyroid scintigraphy. Exceptionally in some cases, early washout of tracer is seen which results in false negative parathyroid scintigraphy due to various factors such as expression of p glycoprotein, expression of multidrug resistant protein 1, small glands and presence of chief cells. We present a the case of a patient with parathyroid adenoma showed fast tracer clearance on delayed images but anatomically localized by the additional images using single-photon emission computed tomography-computed tomography (SPECT-CT). The anatomically localized structure further characterized by histopathological examination with presence of abundant chief cells, the cause of poor tracer retention and fast clearance in delayed images. Knowledge about differential presence of chief cells and oxyphilic cells in various parathyroid adenomas must be considered by nuclear physician to avoid false negative parathyroid adenoma.
Clinical utility of 18fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography-computed tomography in rheumatology
Authors: Kommireddy Sirisha , Mantri Ranadheer , Reddy Sabella Aparna , Ravisankar D. , Kalawat Tekchand
Published: July 2021

Background:

Several studies with 18fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography with computed tomography (18FDG PET-CT) have indicated that 18fluorodeoxyglucose uptake in affected tissues reflects the disease activity. In addition, the usage of PET-CT for early detection, extent and monitoring of the treatment response has been reported.

Methods:

In this retrospective study, all 18FDG PET-CTs requested by rheumatologists were reviewed retrospectively. The clinical findings and scan findings were noted. Considering the final diagnosis made by the clinician as “gold standard”, he sensitivity, specificity and positive were calculated.

Results:

Out of 48, 18FDG PET-CT requests, two were excluded (39 females, mean age – 39.22 ± 15.349). The indications included establishing diagnosis (n = 31 [67.4%]) and disease activity/extent (n = 15 [32.6%]). It contributed to the diagnosis in 9 (31%), when 18F FDG PETCT is used for establishing the diagnosis. It identified abnormalities in 14/15 when used for disease activity and active disease was identified in 10. Seventeen patients had a final diagnosis of fibromyalgia. Overall, 18FDG PET-CT had 100 sensitivity and NPV. The diagnostic accuracy was 56.52%.

Conclusions:

The 18FDG PET-CT has high diagnostic sensitivity and poor specificity in rheumatology practice with respect to establishing the diagnosis as well as to detect the extent and activity of disease.
Work Stress, Dysbiosis, and Immune Dysregulation
Authors: Yousof Shimaa Mohammad , Tanvir Imrana , Kolieb Eman , Atta Rasha
Published: July 2021

The COVID-19 pandemic has hit most of the communities around the globe. Earlier researches have reported the psychological effects of pandemics either on the general populations or on specific communities such as students and health professionals. A scanty number of papers have focused on the interaction among complex factors underlying the pathogenesis of the disease. In this review, we aimed to integrate the accessible data about the possible mechanistic processes predisposing to COVID-19 infection in the health professions. We summarized these factors as “stress, microbiota, and immunity triad.” We utilized the PubMed database, Google, and Google Scholar search engines to search the literature related to combinations of these keywords: “pandemics, COVID-19, coronavirus, SARS-CoV2;” “gut microbiota, gut-lung axis, dysbiosis, nutrition;” “work stress, workload, health workers, health professions, and medical team;” and “immunity, cytokine storm, and viral load.” We detected no discussions combining the suggested triad concerning the medical team personnel. We cast light, for the first time to our knowledge, on the potential pathogenic role of “stress, microbiota, and immunity triad” in COVID-19-infected health workers.
Comparison of Airtraq™ Versus C-MAC® Videolaryngoscope for Tracheal Intubation in Children with Normal Airways
Authors: Agrawal Barkha , Dave Nandini , Dias Raylene , Kulkarni Ketan , Shah Harick
Published: July 2021

Background and Aims:

When compared with direct laryngoscopes, videolaryngoscopes can provide a significantly better view of the larynx. There are no studies in children directly comparing Airtraq™ and C-MAC® videolaryngoscopes. We aimed to compare intubating characteristics between these two devices in pediatric patients. The primary outcome measure was the time needed for successful intubation and secondary outcome measures were the number of attempts to intubate, ease of intubation, percentage of glottic opening (POGO) score, optimization maneuvers and complications such as airway trauma and esophageal intubation.

Materials and Methods:

One hundred and twelve children aged 1–12 years undergoing elective surgery under general anesthesia are quiring tracheal intubation were enrolled. Children were randomized into two groups using computer generated randomization sequence. The t-test was used for analyzing quantitative data, nonparametric data were analyzed using Mann–Whitney test, and categorical data were analyzed using the Chi-square test.

Results:

Time to tracheal intubation was significantly longer with Airtraq™ (41.0 s) compared to C-MAC® (23.4 s); P < 0.001. The number of attempts at tracheal intubation was more with Airtraq™ (P = 0.008). Seventy-five percent of anesthesiologists found C-MAC® easy to use. POGO score was >90% in both groups without maneuvers.

Conclusion:

The study found that in pediatric patients with normal airways, time to intubation was faster with C-MAC® as compared to AirtraqTM. C-MAC® also performed better in aspects like the number of attempts and ease of intubation.
On the distribution of ${Cl}(K)[l^\infty]$ for degree $l$ cyclic fields
Authors: Koymans Peter , Pagano Carlo
Published: July 2021

Using a recent breakthrough of Smith [22], we prove that

l^\infty

-class groups of cyclic degree

l

fields have the distribution conjectured by Gerth under GRH.