bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Radioactive contamination mitigation in the Arctic region
Authors: Sarkisov A. A.
Published: May 2019

This article discusses the most significant sources of large-scale radioactive contamination to which the Arctic has been exposed since the middle of the last century, which are identified as 1) radioactive fallout and deposition from nuclear weapon testing; 2) plum waste from the Sellafield radiochemical plant (United Kingdom) and Cap de la Ag (France) nuclear fleet operation; 3) radioisotope thermoelectric generators; and 4) submerged and sunken radioactive objects. The article assesses the comparative contribution and associated radioecological risks of these sources, and special attention is focused on the “nuclear legacy” of the USSR/Russian nuclear fleet and the search for solutions. The article describes the content and implementation results of the “Development of a Strategic Master Plan for Disposition of Decommissioned Russian Nuclear-Powered Fleet and Rehabilitation of Hazardously Radioactive Sites and Facilities of Its Support Infrastructure” which was developed with broad international cooperation. Attention is drawn to remaining environmental problems associated with submerged and sunken objects that contain spent nuclear fuel and radioactive waste in the Arctic, and the article presents generalized data on such objects and associated risks of water contamination as identified by analyses of model studies of possible accident consequences.
Optogenetics and vision
Authors: Kirpichnikov M. P. , Оstrovsky М. А.
Published: May 2019

In this article the authors discuss electronic and optogenetic approaches for degenerative (blind) retina prosthesis as the main strategies for the restoration of vision to blind people. Primary attention is devoted to the prospects of developing retinal prostheses for the blind using modern optogenetic methods, and rhodopsins, which are photosensitive retinal-binding proteins, are examined as potential tools for such prostheses. The authors consider the question of which particular cells of the degenerative retina for which rhodopsins can be prosthetic as well as ways of delivering the rhodopsin genes to these cells. In conclusion, the authors elucidate the main provisions and tasks related to optogenetic prosthetics for degenerative retina.
Theory and practice of sensorimotor psychosynthesis
Authors: Petrenko V. F. , Kucherenko V. V.
Published: May 2019

The article describes the theory and practice of applying suggestive techniques of sensory-motor psychosynthesis, which enables the patient to be introduced into altered states of consciousness through the formation of a special relationship between patient and physician (suggestor). This relationship is analogous to the “entangled state” described in quantum physics, and in psychology it acts as a state of empathy. The main feature of the sensory-motor psychosynthesis method, which distinguishes it from directive hypnosis, is the maintenance of the active suggestor's dialog with the patient.

The authors describe the dynamics of transformation of the picture of the world (or mentality) of a number of patients in the course of psychotherapy. This transformation occurs through the use of one of the primary methods of psychosemantics in the study of personality, namely the construction of semantic spaces, during which the patient in an altered state of consciousness creates and exists in a reality that corresponds to his/her personal aspirations and motives. The authors discuss applications of this approach in psychotherapy, sports, and criminalistic practice.
A Branch of the Library for Natural Sciences of RAS in Pushchino Research Center as a link of management information system for science
Authors: Kalenov N. E. , Kharybina T. N.
Published: May 2019

This paper describes main the direction of activities at the Central Library in Pushchino Research Center (PNC) of the Russian Academy of Sciences (a branch of the Library for Natural Sciences of RAS), which provides PNC scientists with the information they need. The most important activities involve the development and implementation of new methods for delivering information support to scientific studies, based on the latest networking technologies. In addition, the library supports the development of information systems in the field of physical and chemical biology, along with bibliometry and scientometrics research.
The origin of plague. Future perspectives of ecological and molecular-genetic synthesis
Authors: Suntsov V. V.
Published: May 2019

Plague, infamous due to three devastating pandemics, remains one of the most dangerous human diseases. Its causative agent, the microbe Yersinia pestis, is a priority in the arsenal of possible biological weapons, which requires increased attention to the development of a system of biological (bacteriological) security. A deep knowledge of the natural processes that facilitate the development of the causative agent of plague may be useful for this. There are currently two alternative approaches to determining the origin of Y. pestis – molecular genetics (MG) and ecological. MG-data has led to the innovative idea of the saltation conversion of the psichrophilic saprozoonotic microbe Yersinia pseudotuberculosis O:1b into a population of the pathogenic plague microbe Y. pestis, by horizontal transfer of two specific plasmids pFra and pPst from the external environment, or from other bacteria and inactivated/deletions of genes that have lost their functions in a new habitat, probably in populations of voles (Microtinae) in Asia. The ecological scenario is based on the idea of Darwinian adaptations by way of a quick "quantum" formation of its properties in a parasitic system; the "marmot–flea" (Marmota sibirica – Oropsylla silantiewi), during the transition between the Pleistocene and Holocene periods. Three important factors of quantum speciation were found: heterothermia of marmot bodies during hibernation, the oxidative "burst" of macrophages in hibernating marmots, and stress-induced mutagenesis initiated by the oxidative "burst" of macrophages. This article asserts the complementarity of the ecological and MG approaches. The prospect of a solution to the problem of quantum speciation of the causative agent of the plague, and the development of methods for the treatment and prevention of disease, can be observed in the synthesis of ecological and MG approaches.
Career path of researchers in relation to publication ethics
Authors: Gureyev V. N. , Mazov N. A. , Ilyichev A. A.
Published: May 2019

This paper describes the how the scholarly output of researchers impacts upon their career development. Bibliometric approaches were engaged to study the frequency of publications of prominent scientists from the Novosibirsk Scientific Center of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences during their career. This included their thesis defense, assignment to leading positions in research organizations, and election as members of the Russian Academy of Sciences. The highest correlation was between the growth in the number of papers and assignment to a position of leadership. A rapid growth in scholarly output, in this case, was achieved through co-authorship. Furthermore, the thematic diversity of papers was significantly enhanced during this period. Our investigation enabled us to detect cases of violation of publication ethics through the use of "guest" and "honorary" authorship.
Speech of the first deputy minister of science and higher education of the Russian Federation G.V. Trubnikov
Authors: Trubnikov G. V.
Published: May 2019

Speech of the first deputy minister of science and higher education of the Russian Federation G.V. Trubnikov
Science & technology issues associated with natural gas production transmission and processing
Authors: Aksyutin O. E.
Published: May 2019

National priorities for science and technology development in Russia include the transition to green and resource-conscious energy, improving the efficiency of production, and deep conversion raw hydrocarbon materials. Plans to encourage these developments will encourage a harmonious and sustainable research and development sector for the energy industry, and will also encourage that Russian companies participating in the global natural gas market maintain a competitive edge. Gazprom, as the largest transnational energy corporation, will need to cooperate closely with the Russian Academy of Sciences. In 2002, the Gazprom Management Committee and the Presidium of RAS adopted the Basic and Applied Research Program for RAS institutes, which guided research teams of the Academy in completing a package of work focused on the most important development problems in the country’s natural gas production. The R&D Program for Gazprom was updated in 2017 and is focused on the development of energy and industrial infrastructure in Russia. This R&D program forms a pillar that supports emerging technologies and the development and adaptation of innovative products and services for use in natural gas production, transmission, and processing facilities.
Supercomputing technologies in the digital world: theory, practice, education
Authors: Voevodin V. V.
Published: May 2019

Supercomputing technologies are used in almost all fields of science today, and determine the competitiveness of science and industry among national entities. USA, Europe, China, and Japan are investing billions in the development of supercomputing technologies, promoting national programs for the development of this field, and these programs will determine the success of future developments. The underestimation of the value of supercomputing technologies has led Russia to fall behind in global trends, and squanders the enormous potential of Russian specialists in computer science. Russia needs a comprehensive supercomputer program, and cannot delay its enactment.
Speech of academician of RAS B.N. Chetverushkin
Authors: Chetverushkin B. N.
Published: May 2019

Speech of academician of RAS B.N. Chetverushkin
Theory and practice in artificial intelligence
Authors: Sokolov I. A.
Published: May 2019

Artificial Intelligence is an interdisciplinary field, and formed about 60 years ago as an interaction between mathematical methods, computer science, psychology, and linguistics. Artificial Intelligence is an experimental science and today features a number of internally designed theoretical methods: knowledge representation, modeling of reasoning and behavior, textual analysis, and data mining. Within the framework of Artificial Intelligence, novel scientific domains have arisen: non-monotonic logic, description logic, heuristic programming, expert systems, and knowledge-based software engineering. Increasing interest in Artificial Intelligence in recent years is related to the development of promising new technologies based on specific methods like knowledge discovery (or machine learning), natural language processing, autonomous unmanned intelligent systems, and hybrid human-machine intelligence.
Speech of the deputy director of the Federal research center informatics and management of RAS, doctor of physical and mathematical sciences G.S. Osipov
Authors: Osipov G. S.
Published: May 2019

Speech of the deputy director of the federal research center informatics and management of RAS, doctor of physical and mathematical sciences G.S. Osipov
Effective chemical methods of fire control: new threats and new solutions
Authors: Varfoloveev S. D. , Lomakin S. M. , Sakharov P. A. , Khvatov A. V.
Published: May 2019

This paper discusses the prospective flame retardant systems for polymeric materials, while considering the environmental issues they create. Polymer nanocomposites with carbon nano-additives and layered silicates are presented as a new type of flame retardant system which exhibits a synergistic effect flame retardancy for traditional polymer thermoplasts. Particular attention is paid to the novel intumescent flame retardants based on the oxidized renewable raw materials, which can be successfully used in the manufacture of multi-purpose timber construction and polymer materials.
Could oncolytic viruses provide a breakthrough in oncology?
Authors: Chumakov P. M.
Published: May 2019

Despite the long-term and intensive studies of the nature of cancer and the development of numerous anti-cancer drugs, the incidence of cancer is growing, and the five-year survival of cancer patients diagnosed at the advanced stages of the disease remains unacceptably low. The author examines the causes of the failures in cancer therapy, which are rooted in the very nature of malignant cells, as these cells can adapt and acquire resistance to almost any systemic therapy. In this regard, considerable hopes are associated with oncolytic viruses, which represent a distinct type of remedies capable of complex influences on the disease. In addition to their ability to directly kill cancer cells, oncolytic viruses can stimulate the natural processes of immune surveillance and elimination of cancer cells. Furthermore, oncolytic viruses can kill tumor-initiating cancer stem cells, that are highly resistant to chemo- and radiotherapy, and overcome the immune suppression of the tumor micro-environment. These features make oncolytic viruses unique anti-cancer agents that fight cancer cells by multiple natural mechanisms. To implement virus-mediated cancer therapy into broad medical practice the following are required: intensified studies on viral oncolysis are required and which would include a development of new advanced therapeutic viral strains; development of tests for predicting which virus strains from therapeutic panels are suitable for the patient; and, improvement of technologies for local and systemic delivery of oncolytic viruses to the tumor and metastases. Major changes would be also required in the practices of testing therapeutic drugs that accelerate the introduction of new viral strains into medical practice. Achievements in this direction help to overcome many old problems in the therapy of metastatic forms of malignant diseases.
Priority scientific and technical tasks in the field of exploration and efficient use of outer space
Authors: Soloviev V. A. , Kovalenko A. A. , Soloviev S. V.
Published: May 2019

The article discusses the main directions of development of cosmonautics, which have an impact on ensuring the connectivity of the territories of the Russian Federation. The key role of such areas of space activity as space navigation, space communications, remote sensing of the Earth, applied and fundamental research in space is shown. An analysis of the development trends of applied cosmonautics, existing problems and ways to solve them is conducted: increasing the scientific space and remote sensing group of the Earth, methods of improving the accuracy of positioning, availability, noise immunity of space navigation, etc.
Resolution of the General meeting of the RAS members
Authors: Meeting of the RAS members General
Published: May 2019

Resolution of the General meeting of the RAS members
Awards and prizes
Authors: Russian academy of sciences Herald of
Published: May 2019

Awards and prizes
Birkhin volcanoplutonic association, Ol’khon region, western baikal area: petrological criteria of comagmatic origin
Authors: Lavrenchuk A. V. , Sklyarov E. V. , Izokh A. E. , Kotov A. B. , Vasyukova E. A. , Fedorovskii V. S. , Gladkochub D. P. , Donskaya T. V. , Mazukabzov A. V.
Published: May 2019

This paper reports the results of thermodynamic modeling of the formation of the Birkhin volcanoplutonic association by means of geochemical thermometry. The obtained liquid line of descent for the magma chamber of the Birkhin massif indicates that the melt evolved into the field of subalkaline composition. The melts of the volcanics of the Tsagan-Zaba complex are identical to the melts in the magma chamber in both major components and REEs. It was concluded that the Birkhin and Tsagan-Zaba complexes are comagmatic. A scenario was proposed for the development of the Birkhin volcanoplutonic association involving multiple eruptions of volcanic rocks during its formation. It was shown that the intermediate rocks are not derivatives of basic magmas, but were produced by interaction of basic volcanic rocks with felsic intrusions cutting them.
Middle ordovician conodonts from the Chingiz Ridge (Kazakhstan): taxonomy of the Naiman Formation assemblage and its biogeographic affinity
Authors: Tolmacheva T. Yu. , Degtyarev K. E. , Shatagin K. N.
Published: May 2019

Conodonts from carbonate rocks of the Naiman Formation (Chingiz Ridge, East Kazakhstan) have been studied in detail for the first time. The mixed conodont complex is characterized by a high taxonomic diversity and includes species of the stratigraphic interval from the upper part of the Dapingian to the middle of the Darriwilian of the Middle Ordovician. The conodont assemblage includes oceanic/deep-sea species of wide geographic distribution, in particular, abundant Periodon macrodentatus and P. zgierzensis, which are typical for siliceous deposits of Kazakhstan. For the first time, the occurrence of species Scolopodus? mufushanensis, Drepanoistodus latus and Anodontus longus is noted in Kazakhstan. This indicates the existence of the biogeographic climatic zones typical for pelagic biota. The species Protopanderodus? nogamii indicates that the Kazakhstan conodont fauna belongs to the Australasian biogeographic province of the Eastern Gondwana. The conodont assemblage includes a number of regionally endemic taxa that characterize the Kazakhstan fauna as an independent biogeographic unit and confirm the relative remoteness of water basins of Kazakhstan from the eastern margin of Gondwana as well as from other paleocontinents in the Ordovician.
Transformation of the ethnic space of Russia in the XVIII—XIX centuries: the historical-geographical analysis
Authors: Manakov A. G.
Published: May 2019

The article presents the results of a statistical-cartographic analysis of changes in the territorial structure of the ethnic space of Russia (within modern borders) at the level of the country's macroregions from the beginning of the XVIII century to the end of the XIX century (first census of 1897), divided into four periods — from 1719 to 1762 years, from 1762 to 1795 years, from 1795 to 1850 years, from 1850 to 1897 years. There are four components of the territorial structure in the ethnic space of Russia: the Russian ethnic core, the contact zone of the Russian megacore, the internal and external periphery. The proportion of the Russian population and the ethnic mosaic index are used as quantitative criteria for identifying these components of the territorial structure of the ethnic space of Russia. The research revealed that during the entire period of the study, there was a constant reallocation of the Russian population from the Russian ethnic core into macroregions, forming other components of the ethnic space of the country. In the second half of the XIX century macroregions that belongs to the contact zone of the Russian megacore and partially to the inner periphery began to perform the same function, jointly participating in the Russian colonization of the external periphery (outskirts of the Russian Empire).
Relationship between variability of hydrological and hydrochemical properties of runoff and basin landscape structure in the taiga zone
Authors: Khoroshev A. V. , Lukyanova A. N. , Kositskiy A. G. , Shkolny4 D. I.
Published: May 2019

The research focuses on dependence of inter-year and inter-seasonal variability of hydrological and hydrochemical properties in lower gauge lines of small rivers on landscape structure of a basin as a whole. We used the example of the Zayachya river (Ustyansky district, Arkhangelsk Region) and basins of its tributaries with different shares of forests and cultivated lands to test the hypothesis that certain regional-specific proportions and neighborhoods of land use types ensure low variability of hydrological and hydrochemical regime. We performed measurements in all seasons in 2013—2017 in 15 gauge lines. Correlation analysis showed evidence that decrease in forest areas and increase in arable lands and meadows in the deeply dissected agrolandscape results in new emergent properties of the river basins geosystems: waters shift for calcium to magnesium class, amplitudes of hydrochemical properties fluctuations change as well as that of discharge. Agrolandscapes induce decrease of runoff yearly fluctuations and increase of discharge. Forest cover supports natural fluctuations of river hydrochemistry due to sharp difference in mineralization between floods and low water periods. Decrease of forest proportion in a basin up to 30 % and lower causes the contents of hydrocarbonates, calcium and magnesium during spring floods to be similar to high content during low water period despite strong dilution.
The main trends of spatial development of modern Albania
Authors: Martynov V. L. , Sazonova I. E.
Published: May 2019

The article deals with the main problems of spatial development of modern Albania. It is argued that the study of Albania by Russian socio-economic geography has paid little attention. In the Russian mass consciousness, this country is surrounded by a lot of inventions that have nothing to do with reality: one of these inventions is the perception of Albania as a purely Muslim country and in general the outpost of the «Islamic world». In fact, Albania is a multi-religious state, but religious differences do not matter much for Albanians. In the geodemographic development of modern Albania there is a steady increase in the share of the center of the country, which now exceeds 50 % of the population. As a Center, the authors consider two main cities, Tirana and Durres, that does not correlate with the official zoning of Albania. The sharp increase in the share of the Center shows the similarity of Albania with Asian states, and in general it can be argued that Albania geographically belongs to Europe, and socially, demographically and historically is closer to Asia. The spatial structure of Albania's economy is characterized by an increase in the share of the Center with a decrease in its economic efficiency, as well as the lag of the North from the South, due to the factor of economic and geographical position. The realization of the idea of "Great Albania", connected with the artificiality of the state borders defined in 1913, is extremely unprofitable for modern Albania in economic, social and demographic terms.
Ice gouging topography on the Caspian and Aral seas bottom
Authors: Ogorodov S. A. , Maznev S. V. , Bukharitsin P. I.
Published: May 2019

Ice gouging is a destructive mechanical impact of ice on the underlying ground surface associated with ice cover dynamics, ice hummocking (ridging) and formation of grounded hummocks (stamukhas) under hydrometeorological factors and coastal topography. Ice scours in the Northern Caspian Sea were discovered in 1950s, but ice gouging processes were taken into consideration only in 2012, when the accident on Kashagan gas field (Kazakhstan) occurred. Recently we found ice scours on the dried bottom of the Aral Sea. Ice gouging microrelief on the Caspian seabed was researched using specialized geophysical equipment — side-scan sonar and multibeam sounding. We have a unique opportunity to study ice scours on the Aral Sea dried bottom by direct methods, but now they are observed only by remote sensing technologies. When sea level is not stable the most intensive gouging takes place on the depths from 2 to 5 m. Ice scours are widespread on the Caspian and Aral seabed because their level was significantly changing during XX century. Climatic changes and anthropogenic influence can cause changes in conditions of ice scour formation. Studying of the ice scours parameters on the Aral Sea dried bottom has a great economic and fundamental importance for comprehension of ice gouging conditions and intensity in shallow freezing seas and big lakes.
The governmental policy on forest beekeeping in the Russian Empire in the 18th—19th centuries
Authors: Loskutova M. V. , Fedotova A. A.
Published: May 2019

Based on published and archival sources, the paper considers the transformations in Russian legislation and administrative policies on forest beekeeping (harvesting honey from owned or tended nests in forests) in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. It demonstrates how in the course of the eighteenth century, the ownership of bee nests started violating the concept of absolute private property over forests, which was increasingly incompatible with the rights of other individuals to exploit natural resources on the same territory. From the early decades of the 19th century, borders were gradually demarcated between forested areas belonging to the state and private owners, and between the state forests and those designated for the use of state peasants. This process made possible to exercise the concept of absolute private property over forests in practice. These changes in legislation and the forest cadastre were closely linked to the making of ‘forestry science’ that developed in the late 18th century under the influence of a growing demand for timber needed for the navies and merchant fleets of all European states. The precepts of ‘forestry science’ were dictated by its objective to maximise profits by focusing on the production of commercially valuable sorts of timber. By the early 19th century, this logic prompted the forest administration of the Russian empire to start contemplating measures that would obstruct any alternative forms of forest exploitation, such as harvesting honey from tended trees. The paper considers in details the tightening of administrative regulations in this area, as imposed by the Ministry of State Domains that reached its peak in the Great Reforms era, and analyses the mechanisms that translated these general causes at work into specific policies.
The background content of heavy metals in the water of small rivers in the Nadym – Pur interfluvial area
Authors: Soromotin A. V. , Kudryavtsev A. A. , Efimova A. A. , Gerter O. V. , Fefilov N. N.
Published: May 2019

This article considers the problem of the formation of the microelement water composition of the small rivers not directly affected by the oil and gas industrial complex in the Nadym-Pur interstream area. Physicochemical characteristics and ionic composition of the natural water samples are determined by chemical aqueous method, the total content of heavy metals is analyzed by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES) and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). More than 99% of the sum of all the heavy metal mass with concentration above 0,1 mcg/dm3 is defined by the presence of fourteen metals ranged as following: Fe>>Mn>>Sr>Ba>Zn>Rb>Cu>Co>Ni>V>Ce>Zr>Pb>La. Groups of such metals as manganese and strontium, nickel and cobalt, lead, zinc and copper, vanadium and zirconium, cerium and lanthanum form the concentration сlusters. In comparison to large and average rivers, water samples from small rivers contain higher concentrations of iron and manganese, and lower concentrations of zinc. The Fe and Mn content may vary depending on such characteristics as water color index and water turbidity. The significant exceedance of MACf of Fe and Mn is observed everywhere. The excess of zinc, caused by natural factors is occasionally fixed. The defined variability ranges for the heavy metal contents in water of small rivers located beyond the reach of the oil and gas industrial complexes effects are suggested to consider as modern background regional values of the heavy metal concentrations throughout water-collecting area of Nadym and Pur rivers in Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug of Tyumen region.
The selective-genetic value of chosen from the collection varieties of winter tritikale in connection with the selection of culture for the central non-black soil region
Authors: Voronov S. I. , Medvedev А. M. , Osipov V. V. , Osipova A. V. , Zhikharev S. D. , Liseenko E. N. , Poma N. G.
Published: May 2019

Under the conditions of Moscow region were investigated 1.5 thousand of models X.Triticosecale Wittmack of different ecological- geographical origin, concentrated in the world gene pool and also new types and the line of Federal Research Center, obtained with the use of those isolated in Dias (5x5) and other field experiments of the genetic sources and donors of valuable signs. The results of the analysis of diallel crossings according to the method of B.J.Hayman (1954) attest to the fact that for all studied signs of tritikale is characteristic the additive- dominant diagram of inheritance. According to the signs the mass 1000 of grains, the content of protein in the grain, the content of starch in the grain in F1 hybrids is revealed the super-domination. According to the sign the mass of grain from the ear the nature of inheritance changed from the complete domination to the super-domination. The basic contribution to the increase of the signs of productivity introduced dominant genes, by their concentration the prospect of the separate combinations of crossing is determined. According to the sign the mass 1000 of grains is promising the line Of Prag 468, throughout the mass of grain from the ear – line ADK 1369t. The high content of starch in the grain is caused by dominant alleles, they were separately allotted to the line Prag 468 and 6418-145. It is shown that by the authors obtained the fundamentally new types and lines with the high indices of productivity and quality of grain, which considerably exceed standard Victor. The collection of grain in the control nursery of new lines (5802-10-5-6 5802-10-5-59, 154-11-55) even under the extremely unfavorable weather conditions of 2017 year varied from 8,34 to 9,91 t/ha. The harvest of standard type Victor proved to be equal 5,04 t/ha, i.e., almost in 2 time it is lower than in the line 154-11-5-5. In the competitive strain testing (2014-2017) superiority showed the type Gera. The advantage of the noted new genotype over standards lies in the fact that they form the excellently ear with the coarse full-weight grain ear (to 80 the grains), have the increased productivity, a good safety of plants to the harvesting, high stability to the limiting factors of medium.
Effects of age and liveweight of heifers at puberty and first conception on cow productivity and safety
Authors: Levina G. N. , Zelepukina M. V. , Maksimchuk M. G.
Published: May 2019

The effects of the optimal liveweight of heifers, reaching the age of completed puberty and first conception, on the lifespan, the milk yield, and the welfare status of cows after three lactations have been studied. The survey was performed with the mature domestic Black-and-White cows (п=7171) born in the farm enterprises, Belgorod Region in 2010 to 2014. The milk yield 7746-8570 kg per cow per indicated period was recorded; the milk fat and protein contents comprised 3.82-3.81% and 3.37-3.30%, respectively. Isemination of 15-16-month-old heifers of no less than 412 kg liveweight and 17-18-month-old heifers of 426 kg liveweight, taking into account their 12-month weights of 327-347 kg and 316-344 kg, rspectively, has been proved reasonable in order to improve the Black-andWhite cows' welfare, lifespan, and milk production as 20.4-31.8 thousand kg over three entire lactations
Algorithm taking into account the spatial inhomogeneity of the initial characteristics of irrigated land on the basis of gis-technologies
Authors: Dubenok H. H. , Borodychev V. V. , Lytov M. N.
Published: May 2019

The scientific direction within which the present research was carried out is the development of the theoretical foundations for the creation of real-time systems that allow, on the basis of the latest achievements in the field of GIS technologies, to move to the implementation of the concept of precise irrigation. The expansion of the principles of precision farming in the field of agromeliorative technologies is due to the need to take into account the spatial heterogeneity of the initial characteristics of reclaimed land on the basis of a specific, sectoral set of criteria and indicatorsBased on the results of the research, a conceptual scheme for the allocation of territorial control units based on data on intra-field heterogeneity of the indicator is proposed, an algorithm for grouping spatial data to assess the boundaries and spatial position of territorial control units based on GIS technologies is developed, two principal schemes of the site survey for the allocation of territorial control units are considered. The proposed algorithm, implemented on the basis of last generation geographic information technologies, makes it possible to effectively solve the problem of allocation of territorial control units, which is a key problem of taking into account the spatial heterogeneity of the initial characteristics of the irrigated area and has a direct applied value for the creation of precision irrigation technologies.
Adaptivity of spring triticale sorts in agroecological conditions of the middle priamurye
Authors: Aseeva T. T. , Zenkina K. V.
Published: May 2019

The aim of this work is to fix the price of the adaptive properties of spring triticale, created in different ecology-geographical zones, in agroecological conditions of the Middle Priamurye concerning the productivity. The researches have been done in 2015-2017 years on the selection crop rotation of the Far-Eastern NIISH. The eight sort samples of spring triticale from VIR world collection, created in different ecology-geographical zones, were picked out and analyzed. The hydrothermic conditions during the researching years were of various character: index of surroundings conditions changed from -5,05 to 4,95. The best conditions for the sorts were in 2017 year, when the index of surroundings had the greatest importance. The negative index of surroundings was typical for 2016 year, when the soil remoistening during the whole vegetation period became the factor affecting on the spring triticale productivity. The genotypes of spring triticale showed the different adaptive properties in hydrothermic conditions of the Middle Priamurye. The sorts of spring triticale Skory, Ulyana, Victoria showed the high stability to stress factors of growing. The maximum correspondence with the factors of the Middle Priamurye surroundings is with the genotype of sort Rovnya. The sorts of high intensive type – Skory and Ulyana – are responsive to conditions improvement. That is why they are characterized by stable productivity. Sort Victoria is concerned to ecologically plastic in the soil-climatic conditions of the Middle Priamurye. The sorts: Ukro, Rovnya, Lana, Oberig kharkovskiy and AC Certa are concerned to neutral type; according to the ecological plasticity of they have no stability in productivity forming.
Immunogenetic characteristics of the sheep of the transbaikal brew of a different direction of productivity
Authors: Khamiruev T. N.
Published: May 2019

The article presents the results of immunogenetic certification of fine-fleeced sheep of Transbaikalian breed, depending on the direction of productivity for six blood group systems, including 14 antigenic factors. The analysis of the immunogenetic blood indices revealed the similarity of wool-meat and flesh-sheep to the antigenic factors Bb, Bg, Ca, Cb, R and O and a significant divergence in antigens Aa, Ab, Be and Bi. Wool and meat sheep are characterized by a high incidence of Bb (0.980), Bi (0.873), Ca (0.932), Ma (0.555), R (0.538) and O (0.910) - erythrocyte antigens. Animals with antigens Bd, Be, Bg and Mb (0.150, 0.278, 0.190 and 0.228) are less common. A high concentration of antigens Bb, Be, Ca, Ma, R, O and Da (0,960, 0,743, 0,782, 0,812, 0,554, 0,713 and 0,505) was detected in meat-sheep, a low frequency of occurrence was observed in carrier animals Aa (0.119), Ab (0.109), Bd (0.089), Bi (0.109), Bg (0.129) and Mb (0.149). In the case of woolly meat sheep, antigens Aa, Ab, Bi, Ca and O (P0.001) are significantly more common, whereas meat-beeted individuals have a higher concentration of Be, Ma and Da (P0.001). The degree of genetic similarity and genetic distance between individuals within the breed was 0.652 and 0.428, respectively.
LEGAL ANALYSIS OF THE ROLE OF FINANCING INSTITUTIONS IN APPLYING LAW FIDUSIA GUARANTEE IN INDONESIA
Authors: Mutiari Yunial Laili , Ramadhan Muhammad Syahri , Irsan Irsan
Published: May 2019

Use of collateral institutions is very popular and already familiar in the community and guarantee institutions have an important role in the framework of Indonesia's economic development Guarantee institutions that are currently developing rapidly is a Fiduciary Guarantee. The role of fiduciary guarantee institutions as one of the potential alternative funding sources to support the growth of the national economy should be well accommodated as stipulated in Law No. 42 of 1999 concerning Fiduciary Guarantee and OJK Regulation No. 29 / /POJK.05/2014 concerning the Implementation of the Business of the Financing Company. Most of the Financing Companies still have not registered the fiduciary guarantee deed due to a misunderstanding in elaborating the regulations regarding the collection of fiduciary guarantees stipulated in Law No. 42 of 1999 concerning Fiduciary Guarantee and OJK Regulation No. 29 / /POJK.05/2014 concerning the Implementation of Business of Financing Companies and Regulation of the Minister of Finance Number 130 / PMK 010/2012.
LEGAL ANALYSIS OF ENVIRONMENTAL EDUCATION IN ACCORDANCE WITH INDONESIAN LEGISLATION
Authors: Ventyrina Ine , Syahrin Alvi , Sitepu Runtung , Ginting Budiman , Suhaidi Suhaidi , Leviza Jelly
Published: May 2019

Increased awareness of environmental issues is leading to the introduction of environmental education. This article discusses some of Indonesian legislations that accompany the introduction and development of environmental education. Research results concluded that environmental education has been mandatory in various Indonesian legislations which has  been observed with vertical and horizontal synchronization, in accordance with the purpose and scope of the environmental protection and management in article 3 and article 4 of Act Number 32 the year 2009.
BUILDING THE SOCIETY LEGAL CULTURE THROUGH LEGAL COUNSELING MODEL AS A SOCIAL MARKETING
Authors: Setiawati Rini
Published: May 2019

Fostering the legal awareness is a current social change demand as part of government attention and promotion in various development efforts. Therefore, the establishment of a new legal product will become a reality if supported by the society members legal awareness. Legal awareness is the basis of the implementation of the law and it related to legal culture closely. Building the society legal culture should be oriented for the efforts to instill, promote and institutionalize the values underlying the law that require legal communication. The current legal counseling are required not just to do with the formal legal approach, but it can be done through a social marketing approach that more responsive in dynamics of change and the need for legal information in each segment of society.
POLITIK HUKUM PENGATURAN BUILD OPERATE TRANSFER (BOT) DI INDONESIA: DI MASA LALU, SAAT INI, DAN AKAN DATANG
Authors: H Noho Muhammad Dzikirullah
Published: May 2019

Keberadaan pengaturan BOT saat ini masih sangat parsial, berdiri sendiri, dan tidak ada kepastian hukum serta tidak memberikan batasan boleh atau tidak boleh melakukan perjanjian dengan skema BOT. Dampak dari tidak adanya kepastian hukum akhirnya muncul berbagai sengketa perjanjian BOT, salah satunya kasus wanprestasi BOT Pasar Turi yang masuk di peradilan. Berdasarkan uraian tersebut maka permasalahan yang coba dikaji yaitu menelusuri pengaturan BOT di masa lalu, saat ini, dan yang akan datang. Melalui penelusuran tersebut diharapkan dapat membangun pengaturan BOT yang ideal di masa yang akan datang. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah yuridis normatif dengan metode pendekatan undang-undang, konsep, dan perbandingan.  Hasil penelitian menunjukan pengaturan BOT di masa lalu dimulai sejak adanya Undang-Undang Nomor 5 Tahun 1960 tentang Pokok-Pokok Agraria dan kemudian diperkenalkan lebih lanjut melalui Keputusan Menteri Keuangan Nomor: 248/KMK.04/1995 dengan istilah bangun guna serah. Peraturan di masa lalu hanya memperkenalkan istilah bangun tanpa memberikan penjelasan mekanisme. Pengaturan pada saat ini juga demikian, meskipun adanya tambahan penjelasan perjanjian BOT dan pelimpahan pengelolaan dengan skema BOT oleh Daerah.  Bertolak dari penjelasan tersebut maka pengaturan BOT di masa yang akan datang harus sesuai dengan nilai hukum Pancasila. Nilai hukum ini akan dituang ke dalam peraturan yang memuat diantaranya ketentuan umum project BOT, keputusan kualifikasi penawaran dan penghargaan, evaluasi penawaran, negosiasi perjanjian, penghargaan dan penandatanganan perjanjian dan diakhir proyek terdapat monitoring. Bertolak dari hal di atas maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa periodisasi pengaturan BOT dari masa lalu hingga saat ini selalu mengalami perubahan namun belum ada satupun pengaturan yang spesifik mengenai BOT. Oleh karenanya di masa yang akan di perlukan pengaturan yang spesifik mengenai pengaturan BOT dan semua aspek-aspek yang terdapat dalam BOT.
PERMASALAHAN AKSES KEADILAN MELALUI PEMBERI BANTUAN HUKUM DI PROVINSI KALIMANTAN BARAT
Authors: Setiawati Rini
Published: May 2019

UUD 1945 menjunjung tinggi persamaan kedudukan di depan hukum, termasuk dalam hal pemenuhan hak atas Bantuan Hukum bagi masyarakat miskin. Secara normatif pengaturan Bantuan Hukum dimuat dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 16 Tahun 2011 tentang Bantuan Hukum, salah satu implementasinya adalah penyelenggaraan Bantuan Hukum di Provinsi Kalimantan Barat. Penelitian ini akan mengkaji mengapa akses keadilan melalui Pemberi Bantuan Hukum di Provinsi Kalimantan Barat belum terpenuhi. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan sosiolegal (sociolegal research) dengan jenis data kualitatif yang bersumber dari data primer melalui wawancara mendalam dengan Kepala Sub Bidang Penyuluhan dan Bantuan Hukum Kantor Wilayah Kementerian Hukum dan Hak Asasi Manusia Kalimantan Barat serta anggota dan paralegal Pemberi Bantuan Hukum Terverifikasi dan Terakreditasi; dan data sekunder yang bersumber dari bahan hukum primer, bahan hukum sekunder dan bahan hukum tersier. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa keberadaan Pemberi Bantuan Hukum di Provinsi Kalimantan Barat masih sangat minim dimana keseluruhan hanya berjumlah 5 (lima) Pemberi Bantuan Hukum dan hanya tersebar di 4 (empat) daerah kabupaten/kota sementara keseluruhan daerah kabupaten/kota di Provinsi Kalimantan Barat berjumlah 14 (empat belas) daerah kabupaten/kota. Dengan minimnya keberadaan Pemberi Bantuan Hukum ini sementara kebutuhan masyarakat miskin untuk mendapatkan pendampingan dalam menghadapi perkara hukum akan mustahil dapat terwujud dengan maksimal. Pada akhirnya, masyarakat miskin di Provinsi Kalimantan Barat dalam mengakses keadilan menjadi terbatas.
La gestión administrativa y la optimización de los recursos empresariales del sector textil de la ciudad de Tulcán
Authors: Chiliquinga Unaucho Edwin Patricio
Published: May 2019

Este  trabajo  investigativo, se  lo  realizó  en  la  ciudad  de  Tulcán,   está orientado a las  pequeñas y medianas empresas que  se  dedican  a la fabricación de prendas  de vestir,  con el propósito de determinar, cuáles son   las   falencias  de   su   gestión    empresarial  tanto   administrativa, contable y de control  de recursos humanos.La modalidad de este trabajo  investigativo, es de tipo cualitativo, ya que se conoció  las características, el comportamiento y desempeño de los gerentes  y   la   forma   como   manejan     y   controlan  sus   recursos, verificando así la  realidad  de las diferentes PYMES  de la localidad. El diagnóstico final  de  la investigación en  estas  PYMES, nos  permitió establecer que  existe  un deficiente control  de los recursos que  poseen las  mismas,  las  cuales     se  manejan  bajo  un  proceso   administrativo empírico por  parte  de  quienes  están  al frente  de  estos  negocios, esta situación ha generado que no exista  una producción eficiente, capital  de trabajes  insuficiente, descoordinación de  los  trabajadores al momento de  realizar   sus  tareas,   falta   de  comunicación  y  trabajo   en  equipo, manejo  inadecuado de inventarios y otras actividades que contribuyen a que no tengan  un desempeño eficiente. Con  el  fin  de  enmendar esta  situación   en  las  pequeñas y medianas empresas  del  sector  textil  de  la  ciudad  de  Tulcán,   se  plantea   como modelo,     un    Sistema     de    Gestión     Administrativo   en    la    PYME Confecciones Yolita,  el mismo  que  servirá  como  soporte  para  efectuar todas  las  actividades  de  la  empresa de  una  manera   más  ordenada, ejerciendo el control  correspondiente, alcanzando así un desarrollo total y  al  mismo   tiempo   la  optimización  de  todos   sus  recursos.Con  esta propuesta se  abre  un  camino  para  que  las  empresas de  esta  ciudad sean más competitivas, elevando los niveles  de eficiencia y eficacia,  en comparación  a   otras   empresas  que   ofertan   sus   productos  en   el mercado.
Presentación y análisis de resultados de la investigación sobre el posicionamiento de la Universidad Politécnica Estatal del Carchi en la Zona Uno
Authors: Urresta Yépez Ramiro , Cahuasqui Cevallos Marcelo , García Iván
Published: May 2019

Este artículo es parte de la investigación sobre la gestión del marketing y el posicionamiento de la Universidad Politécnica Estatal del Carchi UPEC en la zona territorial Uno en el año 2014. Para lo cual se realizó una investigación a estudiantes y actores sociales (empresarios, funcionarios públicos y público en general) de las provincias de Carchi, Imbabura, Esmeraldas y Sucumbíos; así como a estudiantes, egresados y  docente de la UPEC, para conocer su percepción sobre el posicionamiento de la Universidad y sobre los aspectos que más valoran a la hora de escoger una universidad, los mismos que serán considerados para la elaboración e implementación de un Plan de Marketing Estratégico para la UPEC. También se encuestó a autoridades y directivos de la Universidad para conocer cuáles son las acciones de marketing   ejecutadas   hasta   la   fecha.   De   esta   investigación   se   concluye   que   existe   un   bajo posicionamiento de la Universidad en el Carchi y en la Zona Uno en cuanto a exigencia académica, calidad de profesores y oferta académica; solo se rescata la infraestructura y la gestión administrativa.
Competencias y habilidades desarrolladas en los estudiantes de contabilidad y auditoría: diagnóstico a la Universidad Estatal de Milagro
Authors: Villegas Yagual Felix Enrique , Borja Salinas Ely Israel , Icaza Rivera Dalva Patricia
Published: May 2019

El estudio de nivel de competencias desarrolladas por los estudiantes de la carrera de ingeniería en Contaduría Pública y Auditoria de la UNEMI, ha resultado un interesante tema de investigación, pues interviene el aprendizaje adquirido durante el proceso del plan de estudio y las prácticas pre-profesionales de los estudiantes, para poder evaluar el nivel de eficiencia de cada uno de ellos.Mediante el desarrollo de esta investigación permite identificar los inconvenientes que presentan los estudiantes al momento de poner en práctica las competencias y habilidades adquiridas,  luego de conocer  los  resultados,  se podrá  plantear  la  propuesta  para  dar solución a los problemas enfrentados. Esta investigación se basó en una investigación descriptiva es decir los datos proporcionados por los docentes, estudiantes y jefes de departamentos contables y consultorías, permitió describir el fenómeno. Además, identificar el nivel del desarrollo de las competencias.
La importancia de la condición humana en la administración pública: un análisis desde los postulados de Hannah Arendt
Authors: Díaz Avellaneda Iván Camilo
Published: May 2019

A partir de los postulados de Hannah Arendt se busca relacionar la condición humana y su rol con la administración pública, se analizan los conceptos de la vita activa, la labor, el trabajo y la acción que son componentes fundamentales para explicar la condición humana en la antigüedad, la época moderna y la época contemporánea.