bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Características clínicas de los pacientes con Fibrilación Auricular
Authors: Balarezo Arias Fernando Xavier , Anilema Cóndor Raúl Daniel
Published: February 2022

Objetivo: caracterizar la Fibrilación Auricular (FA), frecuencia de sus comorbilidades, riesgo tromboembólico y las estrategias terapéuticas en pacientes del Hospital José Carrasco Arteaga de la ciudad de Cuenca.
Metodología: estudio descriptivo con un universo de 297 pacientes con diagnóstico de Fibrilación Auricular del Hospital José Carrasco Arteaga, durante el año 2017. La información se recolectó en un formulario elaborado por los autores y se analizó con los programas PSPP Free Software Foundation, y Epidat 4.1 mediante distribuciones de frecuencia, porcentajes y media.
Resultados: el 52.5% de la población estudiada fueron hombres; la comorbilidad más frecuente fue la hipertensión arterial en el 50.5% de los casos; la Fibrilación Auricular no valvular representó al 82.5% de los casos, el riesgo tromboembólico fue alto en el 77.1% de los pacientes con fibrilación auricular no valvular; la anticoagulación fue la estrategia terapéutica en el 67% de pacientes.
Conclusión: las características clínicas de los pacientes con FA de nuestra localidad resultan congruentes con las de poblaciones similares. La mayoría son hombres, adultos mayores e hipertensos. El riesgo embólico alto fue predominante, consecuentemente la warfarina fue el fármaco más usado.
Dimensiones de la vía aérea en la población de Cuenca-Ecuador
Authors: Serrano Bejar Leonardo Alfredo , Reinoso Murillo Priscila Victoria , Peñafiel Martínez Nadia Rosalía , Vaca Morocho Andrea Jackeline , Serrano Béjar Mónica Viviana
Published: February 2022

Objetivo: describir las características de la vía aérea en una población local con la cabeza en posición neutra, según: distancia entre incisivos superiores medios hasta cuerdas vocales, cartílago cricoides, carina y el punto entre el tercer y cuarto anillo traqueal, contado desde la carina en sentido cefálico; cuerdas vocales a carina, tráquea, número de anillos traqueales y correlacionar con estatura y sexo.
Metodología: estudio descriptivo en pacientes intervenidos quirúrgicamente en el Hospital de Especialidades “José Carrasco Arteaga” y Hospital Regional “Vicente Corral Moscoso” durante marzo 2019 a marzo 2020. Se recogieron los datos por medio de un flexómetro, estadímetro y broncoscopio flexible Ambu Scope 3. El análisis de los datos se efectuó en el software IBM-SPSS 22.0 con medidas estadísticas descriptivas y correlaciones.
Resultados: se valoraron 151 pacientes. La longitud de los incisivos medios: a la carina fue de 23.32 ± (1.98) cm, al cricoides de 14.93 ± (1.38) cm, a las cuerdas vocales de 13.07 ± (1.36) cm, al tercer o cuarto anillo traqueal contado desde la carina hacia cefálico 20.81 ± (2.03) cm; de las cuerdas vocales a carina de 10.24 ± (1.45) cm; la tráquea en promedio midió 8.40 ± (1.37) cm, con 13 anillos traqueales.
Conclusión:  Las medidas de la vía aérea obtenidas están en concordancia con los estudios de poblaciones parecidas a la del estudio, lo cual indica que el extrapolar los datos de los textos clásicos de etnias caucásicas puede ocasionar errores en la intubación endobronquial o extubación inadvertida.
The question of animal selves: Implications for sociological knowledge and practice
Authors: Irvine Leslie
Published: February 2022

The question of whether sociologists should investigate the subjective experience of non-human others arises regularly in discussions of research on animals. Recent criticism of this research agenda as speculative and therefore unproductive is examined and found wanting. Ample evidence indicates that animals have the capacity to see themselves as objects, which meets sociological criteria for selfhood. Resistance to this possibility highlights the discipline’s entrenched anthropocentrism rather than lack of evidence. Sociological study of the moral status of animals, based on the presence of the self, is warranted because our treatment of animals is connected with numerous “mainstream” sociological issues. As knowledge has brought other forms of oppression to light, it has also helped to challenge and transform oppressive conditions. Consequently, sociologists have an obligation to challenge speciesism as part of a larger system of oppression.
Beasts and boundaries: An introduction to animals in sociology, science and society
Authors: Hobson-West Pru
Published: February 2022

Traditionally, sociology has spent much more time exploring relationships between humans, than between humans and other animals. However, this relative neglect is starting to be addressed. For sociologists interested in human identity construction, animals are symbolically important in functioning as a highly complex and ambiguous “other”. Theoretical work analyses the blurring of the human-animal boundary as part of wider social shifts to postmodernity, whilst ethnographic research suggests that human and animal identities are not fixed but are constructed through interaction. After reviewing this literature, the second half of the paper concentrates on animals in science and shows how here too, animals (rodents and primates in particular) are symbolically ambiguous. In the laboratory, as in society, humans and animals have unstable identities. New genetic and computer technologies have attracted much sociological attention, and disagreements remain about the extent to which humananimal boundaries are fundamentally challenged. The value of sociologists’ own categories has also been challenged, by those who argue that social scientists still persist in ignoring the experiences of animals themselves. This opens up notoriously difficult questions about animal agency. The paper has two main aims: First, to draw links between debates about animals in society and animals in science; and second, to highlight the ways in which sociologists interested in animals may benefit from approaches in Science and Technology Studies (STS).
Modified Transseptal Approach: An Adjunct to Prelacrimal Recess Approach for Extensive Inverted Papilloma of Maxillary Sinus, How We Do It
Authors: Varghese George , Thomas Roshan Marie
Published: February 2022

The transseptal approach to the maxillary sinus has been described for resection of extensive tumours of the nose and paranasal sinuses. We describe a modification of this method in a patient diagnosed with inverted papilloma for which he had undergone two previous operations. This method provides complete access to the maxillary sinus, particularly the anterior wall, to provide adequate reach and ensure complete removal of tumours. We describe a technique modifying the existing transseptal approach used as an adjunct to prelacrimal recess approach, wherein a hemitransfixation incision placed in the contralateral nasal cavity along the septum provides access to the maxillary sinus with angled instruments. This modified transseptal approach provided better reach and access to the maxillary sinus. Postoperatively, there was no evidence of septal scarring or perforation and no evidence of lesion recurrence. Our technique is an easy modification to the transseptal approach that is a useful tool to access hidden areas of the maxillary sinus without associated morbidity.
Expression and Distribution Pattern of Retinoic Acid Receptors in the Nasal Mucosa
Authors: Kwak Jiwon , Lee Tae Hoon , Han Munsoo , Lee Sang Hag , Kim Tae Hoon
Published: February 2022

Background and Objectives: Retinoids are naturally occurring vitamin A derivatives that regulate cellular processes and metabolism. In particular, retinoids play a key role in cellular proliferation by binding to retinoic acid receptors (RAR)-alpha, beta, and gamma. Considering the functional role of nasal mucosa where active cell regeneration occurs, RAR may play a role in tissue remodeling of the human nasal mucosa.Methods: In this study, we investigated the expression and distribution pattern of RAR using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), immunohistochemistry (IHC) and Western blot in normal ethmoid mucosa (NE), chronic rhinosinusitis (IE) and polyp (P).Results: IE and P samples showed higher expression levels of RAR in RT-PCR and Western blot than NE samples. RAR reactivity was also observed in the NE group, which indicates that cell regeneration also occurs in normal condition. Through IHC, we found the localization of RAR. RAR-α was distributed in the epithelial cells, submucosal glands, and endothelial cells. RAR-β was located in the basal epithelium, while RAR-γ was present in goblet cells and submucosal glands. The staining intensity of RAR-α, β and γ was higher than that in the NE group. Especially in the P group, RARs were abundantly distributed in the stalks of polyps.Conclusion: The stalk region contains a lot of collagen and fibroblasts to support polyp formation, and the greater amount of RAR in the stalk suggested that RARs may be associated with angiogenesis and cell proliferation. Accordingly, elevated RAR levels in chronic rhinosinusitis could indicate that RARs play a critical role in cell regeneration, angiogenesis and immunomodulation under inflammatory conditions in the human nasal mucosa.
Estimation of Genetic Diversity in Mungbean [Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek] Genotypes Grown in Gujarat
Authors: Joshi D.P. , Parmar L.D. , Meena R.K. , Chaudhary G.K.
Published: February 2022

Background: Genetically diverse parents give an increased chance of genetic recombination and superior expression of hybrid vigour. Mahalanobis D2 statistics is an important tool for calculating the amount of genetic diversity in the populations and for assessing the relative contribution of various components to the total genetic divergence. Methods: Thirty genotypes of mungbean [Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek] were grown in a randomized block design with four replications at S.D.A.U., Gujarat during kharif, 2019 to study genetic diversity. By using Mahalanobis’s D2 statistics, all possible 435 pairs of thirty genotypes were computed for ten characters. Result: D2 analysis indicated that material was genetically diverse. Twelve clusters were formed by dividing the genotypes. To become highly genetically diverse, the inter-cluster distance should be high (Distance between cluster XI and cluster IX; cluster XI and cluster X), which can be used for hybridization programme. Cluster X followed by cluster I found appropriate for within group hybridization due to the presence of most heterogeneous genotypes indicating high intra-cluster value. Cluster data revealed that genotypes in cluster X, cluster VIII and cluster IV had desirable traits for yield improvement. These clusters could be directly selected for breeding programme. Contribution to total divergence was higher from number of branches per plant, pod length and 100-seed weight.
Huntington Hastalığı’nın Nöropsikiyatrik Yönü
Authors: BALABAN Özlem Devrim , ATBAŞOĞLU E. Cem
Published: February 2022

Huntington Hastalığı; kore ve distoni, koordinasyon bozukluğu, bilişsel performansta bozulmalar ve davranışsal sorunlar gibi farklıfenotipler ile ortaya çıkabilen, genetik olarak otozomal dominant geçiş özelliğine sahip, ilerleyici tipte bir nörodejeneratif hastalıktır. Bilişselve motor belirtilerin yanı sıra nöropsikiyatrik belirtiler de hastalığın çekirdek belirtileri arasında yer almaktadır. Huntington Hastalığı’ndanöropsikiyatrik belirtiler oldukça sık görülmekte ve hastalığın farklı dönemlerinde psikiyatrik bozuklukların görülme prevelansı %33-76 olaraktahmin edilmektedir. Nöropsikiyatrik belirtilerin görülme sıklığı hastalığın evrelerine göre farklılık gösterse de başlangıcının motor belirtilerbaşlamadan yıllar önce olabileceği de bilinmektedir. Huntington Hastalığı’nda sık görülen nöropsikiyatrik belirti ve bozukluklar depresyon,anksiyete, intihar, irritabilite, apati, obsesif-kompulsif belirtiler, perseverasyonlar, psikoz, uyku bozuklukları ve cinsel işlev bozuklukları olaraksayılabilir. Nöropsikiyatrik belirtiler aileler üzerindeki yükün en önemli nedenlerinden birini oluşturmakta, günlük işlevsellikteki azalma ilebakım kurumlarına yerleştirilme ve hastaneye yatışların en önemli öngörücüsü olarak değerlendirilmektedir. Hem sıklığı hem de sonuçlarıgöz önüne alındığında Huntington Hastalığı’ndaki nöropsikiyatrik belirtilerin tanınması ve bu belirtilere müdahale edilmesi hastalar, hastayakınları ve bakımverenleri için oldukça önemlidir. Hastalıkta görülen nöropsikiyatrik belirtilerin tedavisi ile ilgili yüksek kanıt düzeyinesahip araştırmalar olmasa da daha düşük kanıt düzeyine sahip çalışmalar, vaka bildirimleri ve uzman görüşlerine dayalı tedavi kılavuzlarıson yıllarda yazında kendine yer bulmuştur. Bu alanda dikkat edilmesi gereken başka bir konu da risk altındaki bireylerin değerlendirilmesi,genetik danışmanlık ve bu değerlendirmeler sırasında güvenli bir protokolün oluşturulmasıdır. Bu yazıda Huntington Hastalığı’nda sık görülennöropsikiyatrik bozukluklar, bu bozuklukların tedavisi ve risk altındaki bireyleri değerlendirmede dikkat edilmesi gereken durumlar güncelyazın ışığında derlenmiştir.
Taking Action in Student Harassment Situations
Authors: Davies Emma L. , Hussain Sofia , Brooke Joanne M. , Hale Tristan , Cadle Martha , Hennelly Sarah E.
Published: February 2022

This study applied the Behaviour Change Wheel (BCW) to understand barriers and facilitators to bystander behaviors in UK students. The BCW includes detailed examination of the capabilities, opportunities, and motivations involved in behaviors. Two surveys (n = 515; n = 201) and a focus group study (n = 12) were undertaken. Capability to intervene may be influenced by confidence and beliefs about physical ability and safety. Students appeared to have the physical opportunity to intervene, but social opportunity might be influenced by cultural norms. Motivations might be influenced by beliefs as well as inherent stereotypes about perpetrators and victims. Behavior change techniques (BCTs) such as instruction on how to perform the behavior, reattribution and creating a valued self-identity should be applied to overcome these barriers. A logic model to theorize the change processes underlying bystander behaviors in this population offers a new perspective on what needs to be addressed in interventions.
The Impact of Life Domains on Delinquent Behaviors in Five Caribbean Countries
Authors: Roh Myunghoon , Cho Sujung , Nolasco Braaten Claire Angelique , Kim Jangmin , Kim Jeongsuk , Gentle-Genitty Carolyn
Published: February 2022

The current study tests the applicability of Agnew’s (2005) general theory of crime and delinquency to a sample of Caribbean Community (CARICOM) youths and explains the hypothesized direct and indirect/mediated effects of family attachment and peer delinquency on delinquent behaviors. Data for this study were obtained from a 2014 cross-sectional survey of 512 adolescents from the five members of the CARICOM. This study utilizes mediation analysis. Results reveal that adolescents with abuse experience from family members and unsafe school environments are more likely to engage in delinquent behavior. Furthermore, peer delinquency is significantly related to delinquent behavior and mediates the link between child abuse, family history of violence, unsafe school environment, and subsequent delinquent behavior. Finally, child abuse generated a lower level of family attachment, and then a higher level of family attachment led to a lower likelihood of subsequent delinquent behavior.
Mental Healthcare
Authors: Aguillard Kimberly , Hughes Rosemary B. , Schick Vanessa R. , McCurdy Sheryl A. , Gemeinhardt Gretchen L.
Published: February 2022

Women with disabilities are at increased risk of interpersonal violence compared to women without disabilities. Little is known, however, about women with disabilities’ experience accessing and participating in counseling and other mental health services during and following their victimization, particularly when living in a rural setting. This study involved qualitative interviews with 33 women with diverse disabilities who experienced interpersonal violence in rural communities. Researchers used thematic content analysis to identify three key themes from the findings: (a) experiences learning about mental health service options, (b) challenges to finding an appropriate “fit” and therapy approach, and (c) access barriers to mental health services. Participants emphasized the need for provider training specific to disability, the inclusion of people with disabilities more prominently in the mental health workforce, and the importance of advancements in accessible telemental health. We discuss implications for improving mental health services.
The Risks and Outcomes of Getting Help for Marginalised People: Navigating Access to Social Assistance in Crises
Authors: Rohwerder Brigitte , Szyp Carolina
Published: February 2022

Crises exacerbate existing inequalities and vulnerabilities for marginalised people, including women and girls, children and youth, older people, people with disabilities, ethnic and religious minorities, and sexual and gender minorities. Many of them face multiple and intersecting inequalities, especially people who are forcibly displaced. Social assistance seeks to alleviate crisis impacts by protecting vulnerable people and averting them from deprivation, but the same structures and systems that make some people more exposed (and excluded) generally can exclude them from social assistance in crises and further undermine their situation. There is substantial literature that already discusses the benefits and opportunities of social assistance generally. The added value of this paper is in examining the risks of navigating access to social assistance in crises for these marginalised people, and the positive and negative outcomes of accessing or not accessing this assistance. The existing evidence suggests that social assistance can improve marginalised people’s food security, help households meet their basic needs, reduce stress and household tensions, reduce gender-based violence, improve health, education, and wellbeing, and reduce negative coping mechanisms. However, it can also disrupt their social support mechanisms and expose them to violence and further risks. Such risks – some of which also apply to those who are excluded from social assistance, and which do not apply to all marginalised people all the time similarly – include neglect, discrimination, sexual exploitation and abuse, increased household and community tensions, gender-based violence, stigma, theft, and accessibility issues.
Tendencies in development of energy assistance systems in an electric car
Authors: Augustynowicz Andrzej
Published: February 2022

As awareness regarding ecology increases among drivers, some characteristics of electric vehicles mean that they attract a greater interest. The basic factors determining the demand for electric cars include their pricing, access to charging stations and the cost per 1 kWh. Considering the above, the aim of this paper is to review the current areas of research into renewable energy sources, such as wind and solar energy and energy derived from vertical displacements of the car body associated with road roughness. The use of such solutions will allow the battery to be charged while the vehicle is in motion and extend the time of travel without stopping the vehicle for charging. The publication forms an overview of findings in the area and the scope of the research reported here relate to the most recent research. For this purpose, reviews of academic and industrial literature were carried out.
Islam dan Pemberdayaan Masyarakat di Indonesia
Authors: Amrulloh Zaenudin
Published: February 2022

Peristiwa-peristiwa kekerasan yang melibatkan masjid bukanlah hal baru di Indonesia. Terdapat sejumlah peristiwa yang menggambarkan bagaiamana masjid yang seharusnya sebagai tempat yang aman dan nyaman justru secara tidak kasat mata dapat melahirkan kekerasan. Pada tanggal 3 Maret 2011, Gubernur Jawa Barat mengeluarkan Peraturan Gubernur Nomor 12 Tahun 2011 tentang pelarangan Kegiatan jamaah Ahmadiyah di Jawa Barat. Dalam pers gunernur menyatakan dengan mengeluarkan beberapa pernyataan terkait Ahmadiyah yang mengacu pada Perbug tersebut: (1) seluruh atribut Ahmadiyah yang terpasang di masjid harus segera dicopot dan masjid yang dulunya disebut Masjid Ahmadiyah akan dinyatakan sebagai masjid bersama yang boleh digunakan oleh kaum muslimin; (2) jemaat Ahmadiyah harus mau menerima pembinaan untuk menghentikan penyimpangan penafsiran aktivitas Jemaat Ahmadiyah berupa kegiatan penyebaran penafsiran dan aktivitas yang menyimpang dari pokok-pokok ajaran agama Islam maka wajib melaporkan kepada aparat kepolisian
Konseling Lintas Budaya dan Agama dalam Penanggulangan Radikalisme di Lingkungan Sekolah
Authors: Rostini Rena , Ruhyadi Siti Sri Afira , Miftahurrazikin Muh , Fauzi Wildan Nuril Ahmad
Published: February 2022

Indonesia ialah negara multikultural yang memiliki budaya, agama, dan suku beragam. Hal tersebut menjadikan peluang yang besar terjadinya radikalisme di Indonesia.  Paham radikalisme agama cenderung mengabaikan aspek perdamaian yang diajarkan oleh agama dan mengabaikan Bhineka Tunggal Ika. Psikologis saat remaja ialah usia yang sangat rentan juga sensitif mudah terpengaruh oleh lingkungan sekitar. Pada usia ini, remaja sedang memantapkan diri untuk mencari jati dirinya. Ada beberapa layanan yang strategis untuk menanggulangi penyebaran radikalisme di ranah Pendidikan untuk usia anak-anak dan remaja, misalnya layanan bimbingan konseling Lintas Agama dan Budaya. Layanan konseling ini dilakukan melalui konsep multibudaya yang dibutuhkan agar dapat membentuk pribadi seseorang agar dapat menghormati dalam bermacam keberagaman. Untuk itu penelitian yang dilakukan bermaksud agar dapat memperlihatkan bahwa bimbingan konseling lintas budaya dan agama yaitu bagian dari cara untuk menanamkan sikap toleransi yang tinggi sehingga tidak terjerumus dalam pemahaman yang kurang tepat terhadap keberagaman yang ada disekitarnya.
The role of social media in combating organised crime in the Limpopo Province, South Africa
Authors: Mabasa Christopher , Olutola Adewale , Mofokeng Jacob
Published: February 2022

Social media is considered a double-edged sword, with both positive and negative effects. A qualitative research approach was adopted to explore the extent to which and the ways in which South African police use social media in the study area. The findings were collected through semi-structured interviews with 22 participants comprising the South African Police Service (SAPS) officials in the Giyani Cluster policing area. The findings indicate that criminals in the Limpopo Province use social media to commit crimes in the country, other countries in Africa, and elsewhere. The findings also indicate that social media is used to bring positive attention to law enforcement agencies and aid in criminal investigations. Although the positive impact of social media was highlighted in these experiences, persistent problems and challenges also featured in the data. Finally, officer insights were drawn upon to make recommendations for future policing policy and research. This paper concludes that social media as a tool can be utilised in terms of data gathering, prediction and spotting broader patterns, for combating organised crime by the SAPS.
The effect of religiosity and product knowledge on customer loyalty with halal perception as a mediation variable
Authors: Novita Sari Cahyaning , Ningrum Astrid Puspa , Hapsari Raditha Dwi Vata
Published: February 2022

As explanatory quantitative research, this study aims to determine the direct and indirect effects of religiosity and product knowledge on customer loyalty moderated by halal perception. The object of this research is a Muslim woman who uses halal-certified cosmetics in Malang City with a total sample of 140 respondents. The data collection technique used a closed questionnaire with the help of a google form. Data analysis techniques used include descriptive statistical analysis and Structural Equation Model (SEM) with Partial Least Square (PLS) approach. The results showed that religiosity and product knowledge had a direct effect on halal perception. Then, religiosity, product knowledge, and halal perception have a direct effect on customer loyalty. Furthermore, halal perception has an indirect effect because it is able to mediate religiosity and product on customer loyalty.
Exploring the effect of supportive culture on employee's innovative behavior
Authors: Othman Muhammed Akram , Durmaz Osman
Published: February 2022

Employee innovativeness in the workplace is one of the crucial factors that positively improve the long-term success of the organization. In this respect, this study proposed to investigate some of the antecedents of the innovative work behaviors in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq (KRG). To do this a survey questionnaire has been organized and in total 189 data have been collected from various companies in KRG to analyze the proposed model. The data have been evaluated by the SPSS software program, by regression analysis. The results revealed that training, supervisor support, and supportive culture have significant effects on employee innovative behaviors. Among the variables, supervisor support has the strongest impact on employee innovative behaviors. Accordingly, residential leaders are recommended to provide positive support to their followers to have innovative behaviors in the organizations.
Mapping legal professionals and layfolk on freedom of speech according to constitution, the electronic information and transaction law
Authors: Kusuma Ronny , Sembiring Fachrudin
Published: February 2022

One of the concepts upheld in human rights is freedom. Protection of it is guaranteed by Indonesian law which is formulated by norms. The constitution is the highest law that guarantees it. In fact, the existence of the ITE Law threatens freedom of expression from the substance of the regulations themselves. Phrases in it have the potential to ensnare individuals or groups that violate parameters applied. This paper discussed influence factors, potential impacts, and others. The assessment is carried out using a normative juridical method that brings together various theories for a comprehensive analysis. This study clarified overall that can be corrected in the future. The breadth of the terminology within has the potential to give a repressive legal reputation. The summary of the problem in this paper is how and to what extent the provisions in the ITE Law guarantee the protection of human rights, and to what extent the ITE Law actually violates human rights. Thus, this study provided new perspectives related to the protection of human rights in the ITE environment.
What could be the architectural forms of future vines adapted to climate change: a new challenge! Let’s discuss the Gobelet (Bush Vine)
Authors: Deloire Alain , Rogiers Suzy , Baeza Trujillo Pilar
Published: February 2022

The architectural form of a vineyard is the result of the training system (plant spacing, geometry, pruning, trellising), the vigour of the plant material (soil x climate x cultivar/rootstock) and other cultural practices implemented each season. The vine is a liana and lends itself well to the diversity of training systems which are currently used and to those that have been used over the History of Viticulture. Despite the diversity of possible training systems, only a few are implemented as a consequence of vineyard mechanization. However, the ancient Gobelet is still present in commercial vineyards. The aim of this review is to present the diversity of the Gobelet training systems and to demonstrate that it still is an optional training system for Mediterranean dry farming.
Differential response to acidic pH in rice seedlings
Authors: Awasthi Jay Prakash , Saha Bedabrata , Chowardhara Bhaben , Borgohain Pankaj , Sahoo Smita , Tanti Bhaben , Panda Sanjib Kumar
Published: February 2022

Acidic soil is a serious harmful problem for rice crop productivity. Approximately 50% of the world’s potentially arable soils are acidic, whereas in North East (NE) India 80% of arable soils are effected. In nature, it exists synergistically with other metal stresses. Hence most of the studies to date were performed in combinations. This paper highlights the detrimental effect of acidity on plants to differentiate between the effect of acidity on plant growth to that of stress in combinations. We depict it through a cascade of morphological and physiological assays, including growth, reactive oxygen species (ROS), and photosynthesis-related parameters under acidic and non-acidic rhizospheric conditions in rice seedlings of Disang and Joymati. Up to 31% root length reduction was observed in Joymati, and up to 17% reduction in Disang variety; whereas, root-relative water content was observed to reduce by 3% in Disang and 9% was recorded in Joymati cultivars. Overall, we observed limited effect on morphometric parameters like root length, biomass, and chlorophyll content irrespective of variety analyzed. On the contrary, ROS accumulation was observed to be significantly increased; more in Joymati (sensitive variety) when compared to Disang (tolerant variety). Although there was not much decrease in chlorophyll content, photosynthesis was affected immensely as depicted from chlorophyll fluorescence parameters. Hence through this study, we hypothesize that the response of plants to acid stress is rather slow.
The Influence of Company Size, Capital Structure and Enterprise Risk Management on the Value of Companies Listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) 2014-2018.
Authors: Virdiani Rima Mei , Setiyono Wisnu
Published: February 2022

This research was conducted to apply the Influence of Company Size, Capital Structure and Enterprise Risk Management on the Value of Companies Listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) in 2013-2018. This research is a quantitative research type. The sampling technique used is purposive sampling. The sample used is 60 with the number of companies as many as 12 companies. The analytical tool used is Eviews version 10. This data was analyzed by, Classical Assumption Test, Panel Data Regression, T-Test, F-Test, and R2 Test. The results of this study indicate that firm size has a significant effect on firm value in construction companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. Capital structure (DER) does not significantly affect firm value on construction companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. Enterprise Risk Management (ERM) has a significant effect on firm value in construction companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange.
Analysis of the Influence of Tourism Product Attributes, Prices and Promotions on Tourist Visiting Decisions at Pintu Langit Prigen Pasuruan Tourism Object
Authors: Oqtaviani Miranda , Rizal As'at
Published: February 2022

This study aims to determine the effect of tourism product attributes, prices and promotions on the decision to visit tourists at the Pintu Langit Prigen Pasuruan tourist attraction. This research includes quantitative research with data collection techniques, namely by distributing questionnaires to 100 respondents who are visitors to the Prigen Pasuruan Gate tour. The analytical technique used in this research is multiple linear regression analysis using SPSS (Statistical Program for Social Science) version 18 for windows. The results of this study prove that the attribute variable of tourism products affects the decision to visit, the price variable affects the decision to visit, the promotion variable affects the decision to visit tourists at the Pintu Langit tourist attraction, Prigen Pasuruan.
Comparative Analysis of Expected Return and Portfolio Risk in Formation of Optimal Portfolios Using the Capital Asset Pricing Model (Capm) and Single Index Methods
Authors: Putri Elsa Veronica , Hariyanto Wiwit
Published: February 2022

This study aims to determine how the ratio of expected return and portfolio risk in the formation of an optimal portfolio using the Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM) and Single Index methods. This study uses a quantitative approach. The object of this research is the LQ45 stock for the 2017-2019 period. The research sample amounted to 30 companies selected through purposive sampling technique. The results showed that the optimal portfolio formed using the Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM) and Single Index methods resulted in 7 candidate stocks consisting of ICBP, BBCA, JSMR, SMGR, BBRI, MNCN, INCO. Where the results of the calculation of the level of the expected return of the portfolio using the Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM) method is 0.0241 and the portfolio risk level is 0.010. Meanwhile, the level of portfolio expected return using the single index method is 0.0372 and the portfolio risk level is 0.0136. After the independent t-test was carried out, there was no difference in the expected return of the portfolio between the Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM) and Single Index methods, while in portfolio risk testing there were differences between the CAPM and Single Index methods.
Effect of E-Commerce, Use of Accounting Information Systems and Business Capital in Student Decision Making for Entrepreneurship
Authors: Nurlaila Choirina , Fitriyah Hadiah
Published: February 2022

This study aims to determine the effect of (1) E-commerce, (2) the use of Accounting Information Systems and (3) Business Capital on student decision making for entrepreneurship. The research method uses quantitative. The study used primary data with a questionnaire. Students of the accounting study program at Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo University with as many as 88 respondents were the population in this study. Purposive sampling technique used in determining the sample. SPSS version 23.0 software assistance in data processing. In analyzing the data using multiple linear regression method. The results of the study prove that (1) E-commerce and (2) the use of accounting information systems have an influence on students' decision making for entrepreneurship, while (3) venture capital has no influence on entrepreneurial decisions.
A comparison of handheld field chemical sensors for soil characterization with a focus on LIBS
Authors: Clausen Jay , Hark Richard , Harmon Russ , Plumer John , Beal Samuel , Bishop Meghan
Published: February 2022

Commercially available handheld chemical analyzers for forensic applications have been available for over a decade. Portable systems from multiple vendors can perform X-ray fluorescence (XRF) spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared(FTIR) spectroscopy, and recently laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS). Together, we have been exploring the development and potential applications of a multisensor system consisting of XRF, Raman, and LIBS for environmental characterization with a focus on soils from military ranges. Handheld sensors offer the potential to substantially increase sample throughput through the elimination of transport of samples back to the laboratory and labor-intensive sample preparation procedures. Further, these technologies have the capability for extremely rapid analysis, on the order of tens of seconds or less. We have compared and evaluated results from the analysis of several hundred soil samples using conventional laboratory bench top inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES) for metals evaluation and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and Raman spectroscopy for detection and characterization of energetic materials against handheld XRF, LIBS, and Raman analyzers. The soil samples contained antimony, copper, lead, tungsten, and zinc as well as energetic compounds such as 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene(TNT), hexahydro-1,3,5-triazine (RDX), nitroglycerine (NG), and dinitrotoluene isomers (DNT). Precision, accuracy, and sensitivity of the handheld field sensor technologies were compared against conventional laboratory instrumentation to determine their suitability for field characterization leading to decisional outcomes.
Communal Conflicts in West Kalimantan: The Urgency of Multicultural Education
Authors: Kurniawan Syamsul , Miftah Muhammad
Published: February 2022

Communal conflicts between ethnic groups in West Kalimantan still leave a post-conflict residue which is problematic to this day. For example, in Sambas, although at present it can be said that the relationship between ethnic Sambas Melayu and Madurese outside Sambas seems to be subsiding, the research findings showed that it is not the real fact in Sambas. Even in the community, there is still a stigma about Sambas as an unsafe area for the Madurese ethnicity. This social fact shows that the efforts of a dialogue forum to reconcile the two ethnicities only succeeded in resolving conflicts on the surface, but it failed to resolve the core of the conflict, namely stereotyping. Although it is not as complicated as in Sambas, inter-ethnic stereotypes are also a problem for two other post-conflict areas, namely Sanggau Ledo and Pontianak. Because education is considered to have a strategic role in building multicultural awareness and correcting stereotypes, in this context, multicultural education is considered relevant to be developed in schools in West Kalimantan. It is the focus of this study. This study is the result of qualitative research, whose data is obtained by the authors from observations, interviews, and documentation. The informants in this study were people in post-conflict areas in West Kalimantan, namely in Sanggau Ledo, Sambas, and Pontianak with ethnic backgrounds of Malay, Dayak, and Madura. In this study, the authors used an interactive data analysis method which included data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion/verification proposed by Miles, Huberman, and Saldaña.
Exploring Muslim Pre-Service Teachers’ Honesty on Cheating and Plagiarism: A Survey in Indonesian Islamic University
Authors: Farah Rafika Rabba
Published: February 2022

Cheating and plagiarism have been crucial issues among students studying either at high school or undergraduate levels. This present study aims to reveal the cheating and plagiarism practices among pre-service teachers in their undergraduate program at one Islamic university in Indonesia. As Muslim teacher candidates, the respondents are urged to uphold academic integrity and honesty. Thus, this study seeks to provide data on how serious the academic ethics immersed in Muslim pre-service teachers. The method implemented for this study was a cross-sectional survey. The respondents were students enrolled in the Faculty of Education, which comprises several departments in the education fields. Results indicate that respondents were recorded as having morally ethical on one aspect of academic integrities, 95% never paid someone else for the exam, 75% never changed answers after the marking process, and 50% declared rarely copy an answer. Yet, there was also a display of less ethical attitude on some other academic behaviors driven by cultural factors. Thus, some teaching implications are highlighted for teachers and students to combat cheating and plagiarism practices among pre-service teachers in Indonesian Islamic universities.
Delirium management and current practice among Intensive Care Units Doctors, Khartoum, 2021
Authors: El-Raheem Ghada Omer Hamad Abd , Hamid Sheema Hamid Seidna , Abdallah Mudawi Mohammed Ahmed
Published: February 2022

Background: Delirium is a brain dysfunction that is characterized by attention and cognition disturbances in a fluctuating pattern. International guidelines recommend daily screening of delirium. The Confusion Assessment Method for the Intensive Care Unit (CAM-ICU) and the Intensive Care Delirium Screening Checklist (ICDSC) were the most commonly used for delirium assessment. The reasons why this study was developed were to identify the barriers and gaps in knowledge and practice.Methods: Multi-center Hospital-based Cross-Sectional study was developed. Multistage sampling technique was used. 72 ICU doctors were randomly selected. Statistical analysis was performed through chi-square test to determine association among variables. It was considered significant when p ≤ 0.05.Results: More than 70% of doctors were ≤ 30 years and females. 69.4% had < 1year experience. 94.4% worked in medical ICUs. Less than 20% of the doctors used delirium assessment tools with a statistically significant difference based on experience (p=0.012). 13.9% had not assessed delirium regularly. Non-pharmacological management was applied by 76.4% of the doctors, communication with patients was the most frequent (75%). Haloperidol was the most used agent (83.3%). 40.3% of doctors had not stopped delirium medications on ICU discharge.Conclusions: Regular assessment of delirium was applied. Yet, the use of validated assessment tools was not common. Non-pharmacological management of delirium is important which is mostly done. Our doctors prescribed anti-psychotics for treatment of both forms of delirium and almost half of them did not stop medications on ICU discharge. Medication reconciliation and contact with the next in-charge of patients is important.
Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Clinical Trial Conduct: Lessons for the Future
Authors: Harrison Francisco , Coladangelo Rino , Heutte Maël , Hardman Timothy Colin , Marini Stefano
Published: February 2022

Background: The COVID-19 outbreak was declared to be a pandemic by the WHO in March 2020. Ongoing clinical trials were suspended, some never to re-start. A survey was conducted to get a better understanding of both the successes and failures in dealing with the pandemic.Methods: European contract research organisations (CROs) were asked to determine the extent to which the pandemic impacted on their operations in terms of the trial site conduct and investigator performance as well as its impact on subjects and patients involved in ongoing trials and the quality of data generated. Results: Forty-nine companies provided responses to the questionnaire. Data indicated that the challenges faced during the pandemic had a marked impact on clinical trial conduct and delivery. We saw an almost immediate decline in clinical trial activity associated with reduced subject/patient recruitment and a reluctance of study participants to undergo follow-up due to their fears of exposure to infection. There was insufficient data to determine the full extent of the pandemic on clinical trial performance and associated limitations in access to bed spaces and the resources necessary to perform procedures and subject follow-up. The introduction of remote monitoring by CROs provided the opportunity for essential activities associated with clinical trials to resume/continue. However, implementing these solutions required research organisations to implement changes to trial documentation and procedures. This placed marked burdens on budgets and clinical resources.Conclusions: Those involved in clinical trials advanced a flexible approach to addressing the challenges posed by COVID-19, with all parties working closely together to find solutions.
Pulmonary Hypertension at Admission predicts ICU Mortality in Elderly Critically ill with Severe COVID-19 Pneumonia: retrospective cohort study
Authors: Kurnik Marko , Božič Helena , Vindišar Anže , Kolar Petra , Podbregar Matej
Published: February 2022

Background Point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) is a useful diagnostic tool for non-invasive assessment of critically ill patients. Mortality of elderly patients with COVID-19 pneumonia is high and there is still scarcity of definitive predictors. Aim of our study was to assess the prediction value of combined lung and heart POCUS data on mortality of elderly critically ill patients with severe COVID-19 pneumonia. Methods This was a retrospective observational study. Data of patients older than 70 years, with severe COVID-19 pneumonia admitted to 25-bed mixed, level 3, intensive care unit (ICU) was analyzed retrospectively. POCUS was performed at admission; our parameters of interest were pulmonary artery systolic pressure (PASP) and presence of diffuse B-line pattern (B-pattern) on lung ultrasound. Results Between March 2020 and February 2021, 117 patients aged 70 years or more (average age 77±5 years) were included. Average length of ICU stay was 10.7±8.9 days. High-flow oxygenation, non-invasive ventilation and invasive mechanical ventilation were at some point used to support 36/117 (31%), 39/117 (33%) and 75/117 (64%) patients respectively. ICU mortality was 50.9%. ICU stay was shorter in survivors (8.8±8.3 vs 12.6±9.3 days, p=0.02). PASP was lower in ICU survivors (32.5±9.8 vs. 40.4±14.3 mmHg, p=0.024). B-pattern was more often detected in non-survivals (35/59 (59%) vs. 19/58 (33%), p=0.005). PASP and B-pattern at admission were both univariate predictors of mortality. PASP at admission was an independent predictor of ICU (OR 1.0683, 95%CI: 1.0108-1.1291, p=0.02) and hospital (OR 1.0813, 95%CI 1.0125-1.1548, p=0.02) mortality. Ventilator associated pneumonia (VAP) was a strong predictor of ICU and hospital mortality. Conclusions PASP at admission is an independent predictor of ICU and hospital mortality of elderly patients with severe COVID-19 pneumonia. During ICU stay development of VAP was a strong predictor of ICU and hospital mortality.
Typical Antibiotic Exposure And Dysglycemia Risk In An Elderly Chinese Population
Authors: Yu Shuixin , Kong Li , Gu Lvfen , Zhu Yitian , Liu Xinji , Sang Yanru , Wang Qunan , Wang Sufang , Zhang Dongmei , Cao Hongjuan , Tao Fangbiao , Liu Kaiyong
Published: February 2022

Studies examined the connection between antibiotic exposure in urine and dysglycemia risk (including prediabetes and diabetes) in the elderly were limited. Multiple linear regression, binary logistic regression, restricted cubic splines (RCS) and stratified analysis were applied to analyze the relationship between antibiotic exposure and dysglycemia risk. We observed that sulfaclozine exposure 0.07 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.01–0.23) significantly increased fasting blood glucose (FBG) level. By mechanism, usage and antimicrobial action, sulfonamides 0.08 (95% CI: 0.06–0.36), veterinary antibiotics (VA) 0.07 (95% CI: 0.01–0.30) or bacteriostatic antibiotics 0.07 (95% CI: 0.02–0.29) significantly increased FBG level. Additionally, sulfaclozine exposure 1.54 (95% CI: 1.02–2.33) resulted in a higher dysglycemia risk, while doxycycline exposure 0.53 (95% CI: 0.30–0.95) resulted in a lower dysglycemia risk. By mechanism, usage and antimicrobial action, sulfonamides 1.44 (95% CI: 1.02–2.04), VA 1.68 (95% CI: 1.21–2.35) or bacteriostatic antibiotics 1.40 (95% CI: 1.02–1.93) exposure had a higher dysglycemia risk. Taken together, exposure to sulfonamides, VA, especially sulfaclozine, was correlated with a higher dysglycemia risk in the elderly. Exposure to bacteriostatic antibiotics was associated with a higher dysglycemia risk in the female.