bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sebastián de Belalcázar, fundador de ciudades, destructor de pueblos
Authors: Buenahora Durán Gonzalo
Published: November 2021

Se escribe este artículo en tiempos de la pandemia a la que estamos sometidos, considerando que en septiembre del 2020 los indígenas Misak se arriesgaron a tumbar la estatua del fundador de Popayán que fue ilegítimamente erigida en la cúspide de una pirámide indígena de carácter prehispánico que allí había. Obviamente esa acción desató la polémica de si los indios habían actuado con razón o sin razón, por lo que el presente escrito intenta dar una respuesta, apelando al incontrovertible hecho de que, aunque la historia es escrita por el vencedor, siempre cabe la posibilidad de revisar las fuentes utilizadas por los sucesivos historiadores y proceder a una revisión de la misma con una mayor objetividad y una más grande justicia sobre el pasado de todos nosotros.Para finalizar, dadas las noticias que del mundo nos llegan, es una realidad que alrededor del planeta se ha venido dando un proceso de destrucción de los símbolos que han significado esclavitud, explotación de los recursos naturales no renovables y el exterminio de los pueblos para aligerar de ellos a un universo ya suficientemente escarnecido por hechos fatales como el cambio climático o la pandemia referida.
“…Given to Comrade V.V. Mayakovsky”: An Unknown Letter by Lunacharsky to Dzerzhinsky
Authors: Terekhina Vera N. , Kotrelev Nikolai V.
Published: November 2021

The article presents the historical context of the first-published document from the GARF foundations — A.V. Lunacharsky's letter of recommendation about V.V. Mayakovsky, addressed to F.E. Dzerzhinsky on April 13, 1918. In this regard, Mayakovsky was recommended to Dzerzhinsky as well-in knowledge of “artists, poets and other actors, in one way or another associated with anarchist groups”, for their “rehabilitation and termination of persecution”. The article establishes a link between the two events related to the published letter, namely, the release of the first and only issue of “Futurist Newspaper” on March 15 and the closing of “Cafe of Poets” on April 14, 1918. Based on the published letter, the article establishes a connection between the two events, namely, the release of the first and only issue of “Futurist Newspapers” on March 15 and the closing of “Cafe of Poets” on April 14, 1918. It concludes that there is a need for an in-depth examination of the anarchist period in Mayakovsky's creative biography. In this context, Lunacharsky's letter of recommendation to Dzerzhinsky is the earliest official document of Mayakovsky’s soviet period.
Textual Studies of Nekrasov’s Poetry
Authors: Makeev Mikhail S.
Published: November 2021

The article discusses some complex issues of N.A. Nekrasov’s poetry textual criticism, which the author had to solve in the course of preparing a new threevolume edition in the “Poet's Library” series. The status of the so-called “Posthumous edition” (1879) of Nekrasov's poems edited by S.I. Ponomarev, who used the now lost copy with the author's notes and revisions, is discussed. The textual critic is faced with the task of separating copyright editing from Ponomarev's conjectures, which he resorted to. The authoritative Soviet editions of Nekrasov did not take into account the versions of the “Poems” of 1879, which was sometimes erroneous, as is demonstrated in the article on the example of individual readings of such works as “Vlas”, “Philanthropist” and others.
From the History of the Journal “Severny Vestnik”. Commentary to the Commentary
Authors: Stroganov Mikhail V.
Published: November 2021

The history of literary associations, including the history of any journal, is primarily the history of people's relationships with each other. In such a history, personal likes and dislikes play the most essential role. This law of personal sympathies and antipathies manifests itself very expressively in a rather short history of the journal “Severny Vestnik”, published by L.Ya. Gurevich (1891–1898). The article offers significant additions to comments to published texts on the history of the journal. A.L. Volynsky and N.K. Mikhailovsky showed equal harshness and indelicacy in their polemics, but their contemporaries almost unanimously sided with Mikhailovsky as an older and deserved writer. Volynsky acquired a reputation as an unscrupulous person and gossip begins to gather around his name. Volynsky demonstrated unacceptable immodesty towards D.S. Merezhkovsky and Z.N. Gippius and allowed himself to use of someone else's material, bordering on plagiarism. But most importantly, in the plot of the book about Leonardo da Vinci, he depicted his personal relationship with Merezhkovsky and Gippius and his interpretation of the relationship between them. In addition, he expelled Merezhkovsky from the journal “Severny Vestnik”, which closed for him the opportunity to publish his novel about Leonardo da Vinci.
To the History of the Russian Foreign Press: “Ukhvat” Magazine
Authors: Obatnina Elena R.
Published: November 2021

Based on previously unknown archival materials, the article reconstructs the history of the creation of the first emigrant satirical magazine “Ukhvat”. The subject matter were peculiarities of the printed organ’s ideological and literary program, formed on the initiative of the Russian Montparnasse’s representative — the poet D.Yu. Kobyakov, and with the participation of A.M. Remizov and M.A. Osorgin which were well-known writers. They formed an informal editorial board, which actually determined the publication’s program. The article contains new data for the creative biography of the journal’s leaders. The published material allows us to trace the specific nuances of the journal’s program in the context of the Russian emigration and in the interpretation of its editor Kobyakov, who returned to the USSR in 1958. In the history of the Russian foreign press, “Ukhvat” remains a publication that reflects the mentality of representatives of the Russian diaspora, humorous escapades of both famous literary masters and authors hiding under pseudonyms were published.
“The Life of Arsenyev, of Course, Is Primarily Poetry”: Georgy Adamovich on Ivan Bunin’s Novel, 1929–1952
Authors: Bakuntsev Anton V.
Published: November 2021

The author expresses his heartfelt gratitude to the staff of the Russian State Archive of Literature and Art, as well as to S.N. Morozov (IWL RAS) and S.R. Fedyakin (Gorky Literary Institute) for their assistance in the preparation of the article. Abstract: The article uses the material of G.V. Adamovich’s publications in emigrant periodicals to address the problem of critical reception of I.A. Bunin’s novel “The Life of Arsenyev” in the late 1920s – early 1950s. Bunin in 1928–1939 published his novel in parts. At the same time, the appearance in the magazine “Sovremennye zapiski” (Paris) of each of the five books included in the novel and the release of individual book editions were preceded by the publication of fragments of “The Life of Arsenyev” in emigrant newspapers. This explains the relatively large 324 Литературный факт. 2021. № 3 (21) number of Adamovich’s responses to Bunin's novel. The critic did not let “The Life of Arsenyev” out of his field of view from the time of the publication of her third book in “Sovremennye zapiski” (1929) until the first complete edition of the novel was published in the New York Chekhov Publishing House (1952). The article traces how Adamovich’s attitude to Bunin’s work was adjusted over the years, and how, as a result, sophisticated pickiness was replaced by unconditional admiration. The empirical material is grouped taking into account the chronology of the publication of “The Life of Arsenyev”. The research methods used are the principle of historicism and comparative analysis.
From the Name Index to Akhmatova's Notebooks: To German
Authors: Timenchik Roman D.
Published: November 2021

Articles from the author’s cycle “From the Name Index to Akhmatova's Notebooks” demonstrate the experience of extensive commentary on Akhmatova's working notes, organized around the names of characters entered on her notebooks’ pages. It is a kind of free Akhmatova encyclopedia, where the onomasticon combines different times of her long life. This (fifty-first in the cycle) article is organized around the “German theme” and is dedicated to the 80th anniversary of the outstanding philologist Konstantin Azadovsky and concerns the characters, one way or another, touched upon in his scientific works. These are poets-Germanophones (V. Zubov, R.M. Rilke), translators of Akhmatova's poems into German (I. von Gunther, Felix Zelinsky, Frans Leschnitzer, Maximilian Schick), a German visitor (Heinrich Böll).
“As Bryusov’s Equal”: M.F. Likiardopulo’s Letters to V.Ya. Bryusov
Authors: Lavrov Alexander V.
Published: November 2021

The publication is dedicated to Mikhail Likiardopulo’s place in the literary life of the 1900–1910s and his relationship with Valery Bryusov. An active journalist, translator of new English prose (Oscar Wilde, H.G. Wells), from 1906 Likiardopulo worked as a secretary of the Symbolist magazine “Vesy” (1904–1909), the actual editor of which was Bryusov. A significant part of Likiardopulo's letters, informing the correspondent “about political and literary events”, is devoted to the literary spite of the day and makes it possible to perceive the behind-the-scenes side of events and phenomena reflected on the pages of the capital's magazines and newspapers. In 1917 he left for the diplomatic service abroad; the last of the published letters (1923) was sent by him from England, where Likiardopulo died in 1925. The published texts are provided with a detailed historical and literary commentary.
Unicystic Ameloblastoma in a 9-year-old Child Treated with a Combination of Conservative Surgery and Orthodontic Treatment: A Case Report
Authors: Guo Tingting , Zhang Ci , Zhou Jian
Published: November 2021

a 9-year-old girl with UAM of the mandible, which also involved the
impaction of the first and second premolars. Marsupialization with
orthodontic treatment was performed to shrink the lesion and upright the
first premolar involved in the tumor. Ten months after marsupialization,
the lesion was completely healed.
The 2007 International Consensus Conference Definition in ventilated pediatric patients
Authors: Retta Alejandra , Monteverde Ezequiel , Fernández Analía , Torres Silvio , Altuna Virginia , Serrate Alejandro Siaba , Poterala Rossana
Published: November 2021

Background The Task Force classification (TFC) identifies weaning from
mechanical ventilation (MV) in adults as: simple (SW), difficult (DW)
and prolonged (PW). The usefulness of this classification is unknown in
pediatric patients. Methods Prospective, descriptive, multicenter study
in 29 pediatric intensive care units from Argentina during a three-month
period including all admitted patients who required MV and met weaning
criteria. The evolution of these patients was analyzed according to TFC.
Results 474 patients were included, 454 (95.8 %) of whom were
successfully extubated. Eighty percent (n=370) were extubated after the
first attempt and classified as SW, 84 (18,2%) were DW and only 7
(1,5%) faced a PW. Successful extubation on the first trial was 77.9%
(n=356) and for subsequent trials, 56.7%, 64.5% and 66.7%. The
duration of MV (in days) by group was [median (interquartile
range)]: 5.4 (2.8-9.7) (SW), 10.6 (7.7-18.8) (DW) and 27.4 (15.1-28.4)
(PW). Fourteen patients underwent tracheostomy without any weaning
attempt, 3 patients were on MV at the end of the study and 3 patients
died without any attempt. The only variable associated with PW and DW
(as a single group, with SW as reference) in multivariable analysis was
ventilator-associated pneumonia (OR 2.58, 95%CI 1.01-6.11). Conclusions
We observed a low prevalence of PW. Patients with PW and DW showed no
significant differences from patients with SW, albeit a higher incidence
of VAP.
A comparison of coronavirus disease 2019 and seasonal influenza surveillance in five European countries: France, Germany, Italy, Spain and the United Kingdom
Authors: Bricout Hélène , Thierry Rigoine de Fougerolles , Puig-Barbera Joan , Kassianos Georges , Vanhems Philippe , Schelling Jorg , Crepey Pascal , Lejarazu Raul Ortiz de , Ansaldi Filippo , Fruehwein Markus , Galli Cristina , Mosnier Anne , Pariani Elena , Rasuli Anvar , Vitoux Olivier , Watkins John , Weinke Thomas
Published: November 2021

Background: In response to the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) outbreak
that unfolded across Europe in 2020, the World Health Organisation
called for repurposing existing influenza surveillance systems to
monitor COVID-19. This analysis aimed to compare descriptively the
extent to which influenza surveillance systems were adapted and
enhanced, and how COVID-19 surveillance could ultimately benefit or
disrupt routine influenza surveillance. Methods: We used a previously
developed framework in France, Germany, Italy, Spain and the United
Kingdom to describe COVID-19 surveillance and its impact on influenza
surveillance. The framework divides surveillance systems into 7
sub-systems and 20 comparable outcomes of interest, and uses 5
evaluation criteria based on WHO guidance. Information on influenza and
COVID-19 surveillance systems were collected from publicly available
resources shared by European and national public health agencies.
Results: Overall, non-medically attended, virological, primary care and
mortality surveillance were adapted in most countries to monitor
COVID-19, whilst community, outbreak, and hospital surveillance were
reinforced in all countries. Data granularity improved, with more
detailed demographic and medical information recorded. A shift to
systematic notification for cases and deaths enhanced both geographic
and population representativeness whilst the sampling strategy benefited
from the roll out of widespread molecular testing. Data communication
was greatly enhanced, contributing to improved public awareness.
Conclusions: Well-established influenza surveillance systems are a key
component of pandemic preparedness and their upgrade allowed European
countries to respond to the COVID-19 pandemic. However, uncertainties
remain on how both influenza and COVID-19 surveillance can be jointly
and durably implemented.
A rare renal involvement in a patient with axial Spondyloarthritis: don’t miss focal segmental glomerulosclerosis and hyalinosis
Authors: Houssem Tbini , Boussaid Soumaya , mami ikram , Rekik Sonia , Fatma Lilia Ben , Jemmali Samia , jebali hela , Sahli hela , rais lamia , zouaghi karim , elleuch mohamed
Published: November 2021

Renal involvement in spondyloarthritis is dominated by amyloidosis, IgA
nephropathy and urolithiasis. Other nephropathies are rare . A patient
followed for SpA consults with edema , hydrocele and a pleural effusion.
A FSGS was confirmed by renal biopsy and the etiological investigation
has ruled out the causes of secondary FSGS.
Long-segment restrictive tear of radial Artery under ultrasound guide for arteriovenous fistula by PTA：A case report
Authors: Xie, Jing , Zhu, Jiangtao , Mao, Nan , Ren, Sichong , fan junming
Published: November 2021

Considerable calcification and stenosis frequently occur in the radial
artery (RA) in diabetic nephropathy. PTA was performed successfully
using balloon to expand and restrictively tear the longitudinal axis of
the RA. Serendipity,the method indicates it may be a useful measure of
promoting maturation of AVF in diabetic nephropathy
Assessment of the nlmixr R-package for population pharmacokinetic modeling: A metformin case study
Authors: Mak Wen Yao , Ooi Qing Xi , Cruz Cintia , Looi Irene , Yuen Kah Hay , Standing Joseph
Published: November 2021

Aim: nlmixr offers first-order conditional estimation with or without
interaction (FOCE or FOCEi) and stochastic approximation
estimation-maximisation (SAEM) to fit nonlinear mixed-effect models
(NLMEM). We modelled metformin’s population pharmacokinetics with
flip-flop characteristics within nlmixr framework and investigated SAEM
and FOCEi’s performance with respect to bias, precision, and robustness.
Method: Compartmental pharmacokinetic models were fitted. The final
model was determined based on the lowest objective function value and
visual inspection of goodness-of-fit plots. To examine flip-flop
pharmacokinetics, k_a values of a typical concentration-time profile
based on the final model were perturbed and changes in the steepness of
the terminal elimination phase were evaluated. The bias and precision of
parameter estimates were compared between SAEM and FOCEi using
stochastic simulations and estimations. For robustness, parameters were
re-estimated as the initial estimates were perturbed 100-times and
resultant changes evaluated. Results: A one-compartment model with
transit compartment for absorption best described the data. At low n,
Stirling’s approximation of n! over-approximated plasma concentration
unlike the log-gamma function. Flip-flop pharmacokinetics were evident
as the steepness of the terminal elimination phase changed with k_a.
Mean rRMSE for fixed-effect parameters was 0.932. When initial estimates
were perturbed, FOCEi estimates of k_a and food effect on k_a appeared
bimodal and were upward biased. Discussion: nlmixr is reliable for NLMEM
even if flip-flop is present but caution should be exercised when using
Stirling’s approximation for n! in the transit compartment model. SAEM
was marginally superior to FOCEi in bias and precision, but SAEM was
superior against initial estimate perturbations.
Islet Autoantibody Type-Specific Titer Thresholds Improve Stratification of Risk of Progression to Type 1 Diabetes in Children
Authors: Ng Kenney , Stavropoulos Harry , Anand Vibha , Veijola Riitta , Toppari Jorma , Maziarz Marlena , Lundgren Markus , Waugh Kathy , Frohnert Brigitte I. , Martin Frank , Hagopian William , Achenbach Peter
Published: November 2021

OBJECTIVE

To use islet autoantibody titers to improve the estimation of future type 1 diabetes risk in children.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

Prospective cohort studies in Finland, Germany, Sweden, and the U.S. followed 24,662 children at increased genetic or familial risk to develop islet autoimmunity and diabetes. For 1,604 children with confirmed positivity, titers of autoantibodies against insulin (IAA), GAD antibodies (GADA), and insulinoma-associated antigen 2 (IA-2A) were harmonized for diabetes risk analyses.

RESULTS

Survival analysis from time of confirmed positivity revealed markedly different 5-year diabetes risks associated with IAA (n = 909), GADA (n = 1,076), and IA-2A (n = 714), when stratified by quartiles of titer, ranging from 19% (GADA 1st quartile) to 60% (IA-2A 4th quartile). The minimum titer associated with a maximum difference in 5-year risk differed for each autoantibody, corresponding to the 58.6th, 52.4th, and 10.2nd percentile of children specifically positive for each of IAA, GADA, and IA-2A, respectively. Using these autoantibody type-specific titer thresholds in the 1,481 children with all autoantibodies tested, the 5-year risk conferred by single (n = 954) and multiple (n = 527) autoantibodies could be stratified from 6 to 75% (P < 0.0001). The thresholds effectively identified children with a ≥50% 5-year risk when considering age-specific autoantibody screening (57–65% positive predictive value and 56–74% sensitivity for ages 1–5 years). Multivariable analysis confirmed the significance of associations between the three autoantibody titers and diabetes risk, informing a childhood risk surveillance strategy.

CONCLUSIONS

This study defined islet autoantibody type-specific titer thresholds that significantly improved type 1 diabetes risk stratification in children.
Clinically Relevant Circulating Protein Biomarkers for Type 1 Diabetes: Evidence From a Two-Sample Mendelian Randomization Study
Authors: Yazdanpanah Nahid , Yazdanpanah Mojgan , Wang Ye , Forgetta Vincenzo , Pollak Michael , Polychronakos Constantin , Richards J. Brent , Manousaki Despoina
Published: November 2021

OBJECTIVE

To identify circulating proteins influencing type 1 diabetes susceptibility using Mendelian randomization (MR).

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

We used a large-scale two-sample MR study, using cis genetic determinants (protein quantitative trait loci [pQTL]) of up to 1,611 circulating proteins from five large genome-wide association studies, to screen for causal associations of these proteins with type 1 diabetes risk in 9,684 case subjects with type 1 diabetes and 15,743 control subjects. Further, pleiotropy-robust MR methods were used in sensitivity analyses using both cis and trans-pQTL.

RESULTS

We found that a genetically predicted SD increase in signal regulatory protein gamma (SIRPG) level was associated with increased risk of type 1 diabetes risk (MR odds ratio [OR] 1.66 [95% 1.36–2.03]; P = 7.1 × 10−7). The risk of type 1 diabetes increased almost twofold per genetically predicted standard deviation (SD) increase in interleukin-27 Epstein-Barr virus–induced 3 (IL27-EBI3) protein levels (MR OR 1.97 [95% CI 1.48–2.62]; P = 3.7 × 10−6). However, an SD increase in chymotrypsinogen B1 (CTRB1) was associated with decreased risk of type 1 diabetes (MR OR 0.84 [95% CI 0.77–0.90]; P = 6.1 × 10−6). Sensitivity analyses using MR methods testing for pleiotropy while including trans-pQTL showed similar results. While the MR-Egger suggested no pleotropic effect (P value MR-Egger intercept = 0.31), there was evidence of pleiotropy in MR-PRESSO (P value global test = 0.006).

CONCLUSIONS

We identified three novel circulating protein biomarkers associated with type 1 diabetes risk using an MR approach. These biomarkers are promising targets for development of drugs and/or of screening tools for early prediction of type 1 diabetes.
Effect of Deep Margin Elevation on Interfacial Gap Development of CAD/CAM Inlays after Thermomechanical Cycling
Authors: Moon W , Chung SH , Chang J
Published: November 2021

The aim of this study was to evaluate interfacial gap formation of CAD/CAM lithium disilicate inlay margins before and after thermomechanical loading.

Methods and Materials

Mesio-occlusal-distal cavities were prepared on 12 extracted mandibular molars. The gingival margin of one proximal box was elevated with resin modified glass ionomer (RMGI) by a height of 2 mm (Group E [elevation]), and the margin of the other side served as a control (Group NE [no elevation]). Lithium disilicate computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) inlays were fabricated and bonded with a self-adhesive resin cement. An aging process was simulated on the specimens under thermomechanical cycling by using a chewing simulator. Marginal integration was evaluated under scanning electron miscroscopy (SEM) using epoxy resin replicas before and after cycling. Marginal areas were stained with silver nitrate solution, and the volumetric gap was measured at the bonded interfaces using micro-computed tomography (CT) before and after cycling. Statistical analyses were performed using paired t-tests, the Wilcoxon signed rank test, and the Mann–Whitney test (a<0.05).

Results

SEM showed marginal discontinuities in Group NE that increased after thermomechanical cycling. Micro-computed tomography exhibited three-dimensional dye-penetrating patterns at the interfaces before and after cycling. Interfacial disintegration was larger in Group NE before cycling (p<0.05). Thermomechanical cycling increased the gaps in both Groups NE and E (p<0.05). The gap increment from thermomechanical cycling was larger in Group NE (p<0.05).

Conclusions

Thermomechanical cycling induced interfacial disintegration at the lithium disilicate CAD/CAM inlays, with deep proximal margins. Margin elevation with RMGI placement reduced the extent of the interfacial gap formation before and after the aging simulation.
RAND Looks at Moscow: Russia`s Strategic Capabilities and the Post-Soviet Space in the Assessments of American Experts
Authors: Krivopalov A. A.
Published: November 2021

This paper looks at a series of analytical reports published in 2015– 2020 by the RAND Corporation focused on Russia, its armed forces and the policies pursued by Moscow on the territory of the former Soviet Union. The assumption by the author is that the expert community in the United States can exert greater influence on US foreign policy than is generally accepted in Russia. Historically, in the United States, there has been a strong link between expert consideration of any given policy and its subsequent implementation. Reports published by RAND help assess the role that Russia and the former Soviet Union play on the list of US national security priorities. Does Washington understand the domestic-policy motives of Russia’s actions on the international stage? What is America’s overall assessment of Russia’s military capabilities? Finally, what is the extent of Washington’s willingness to seek compromise with Moscow and its foreign policy aspirations? The source analyzed in the paper can shed some light on how the political community in the United States views the future of the rivalry between Russia and America.
“Nostalgia Not for the Past but Nostalgia for the Present”: Post-Soviet Youth on USSR’s Collapse
Authors: Yadova M. A.
Published: November 2021

. The article focuses on the perceptions of the generation of post-Soviet youth about the collapse of the USSR. An attempt to analyse the reasons for the favourable and “nostalgic” attitude to the USSR on the part of those who, due to their age, have no experience of Soviet life is made. It is shown that, according to mass surveys, attitudes towards the collapse of the USSR depend on the age of respondents: older generations predominantly perceive the collapse of the Soviet Union negatively, while among young people (especially in the youngest cohort of 18-24-year olds) the number of those who are not upset about the collapse of the USSR exceeds the number who regret it. The dynamics of public opinion on this event have been erratic in recent years, strongly influenced by the “Crimean effect”: during the Crimean crisis – 2014, the number of those regretting the collapse of the USSR rose sharply, but, years later, it has returned to its previous level. The data of the author’s study devoted to the problem of perception of post-Soviet transformations and the 90s in general by young Russians are given. The study conducted has shown that young people’s attitudes towards the post-Soviet period in Russian society are mainly based on clichés about the “wild” nineties that have been replicated in the Russian media. In their assessments, young people often rely on the views of parents (or other older relatives) and teachers. The mythology of young people’s perception of the events of December 1991 and their internal distance from the last decade of the XX century, as well as their poor knowledge of Soviet and post-Soviet realities of life are noted. The conclusion is drawn that some young people’s interest in the Soviet past stems from dreams of a prosperous and just society of equal opportunities, from which today’s Russia is so far removed.
Thirty Years from the End of the USSR
Authors: Gourdon C. C.
Published: November 2021

The article contains a brief retrospective assessment of the reasons given by various scholars and observers for the breakdown of the Soviet Union under Mikhail Gorbachev’s leadership and it situates that crisis in the larger context of history and the imperial legacy of the Russian state. It particularly looks at the issue of nationality as an ethnic, cultural and linguistic concept vis-a-vis the universalistic notion of empire as a community of destiny among diverse people. The author compares the Soviet Union’s structure as a ‘non classical’ empire to those of other European states and especially to Germany’s which has also evolved from being a loose Central and East European ‘Reich’ inspired by the Roman and Carolingian heritage – to becoming a federal nation surrounded by smaller countries that share with it ancient civilisational and political legacy. Whereas Germany is gradually asserting leadership among many of its former dependencies and in the post-Brexit European Union as a whole, Russia is led by geographical and strategic compulsions to rebuild a Eurasian confederal association with erstwhile Soviet Republics and possessions of the Tsarist Empire, in conformity with its location between the ‘West’, the Islamosphere and the Chinese world. Will Russia be able to create a synthesis between the Slav Orthodox Oikoumene envisioned by Nikolay Danilevsky and the Eurasian syncretistic model promoted by Lev Gumilyov?
FDI in the Post-Soviet Space Three Decades after the Disintegration of the Soviet Union
Authors: Kalotay K. , Sulstarova A.
Published: November 2021

The former Soviet Union disintegrated three decades ago. That momentous 1991 was not only the starting point for independence of the countries of the post-Soviet space but also the starting point for their transformation from centrally planned economy to capitalism, often with local specificities. At the moment of writing this article aiming at analysing the long-term, structural characteristics of inward and outward foreign direct investment (FDI), these 12 economies are facing new COVID-19-related challenges, different from the problems of transformation undertaken in the past decades. After a brief literature survey, in which the main issues raised by academic research are highlighted, the article analyses the long-term trends and the main characteristics (geographical and sectoral) of FDI, with special reference to greenfield project announcements from 2003 on (the starting year of data availability). It also explores how much economic development was based on either attracting inward or promoting outward FDI or both. The performance of the 12 post-Soviet economies is controlled against the performance of other transition economies such as the Baltic States, South-East Europe and/or the Visegrad Group. The article concludes that indeed efforts towards using inward or outward FDI for development has been modest, even if in inflows one can observe some convergence with the other transition economies, which have been relying more wittingly using FDI for their development.
“Evidence-based Policy” and “Policy of Evidence”: The Dilemma of Post-Soviet Societies
Authors: Soloviev A. I.
Published: November 2021

External and internalchallenges, risks and crisis phenomena operatingin the world and national states requirethe ruling regimes to flexibly restructurethe configuration of relations betweenpower and society. One of the toolsof such communication is the methods of“evidence-based policy”, which involve addressingthe population on the basis of expertand scientific recommendations whendeveloping goals that allow people not onlyto judge their legality, but also to challengeand correct their content. At the same time,in a number of transitional and authoritarianstates, preference is given to the “policy ofevidence” that demonstrates the priorities ofpolitically expedient actions of the authoritiesaimed not at partnership with society, but at mobilizing the support of the populationfor the implementation of the goalsof government policy. In this context, thearticle shows the objective and subjectivelimitations of the use of scientific andexpert data in the public sphere by a numberof post-Soviet states, the peculiarities ofthe correlation of “evidence-based policy”and “policy of evidence” in the activities ofthe ruling regimes, and assesses their prospectsin the short term in modern Russiansociety.
On the Political Aspects of Development of the System of State and Municipal Management in Ukraine
Authors: Vavilov A. N.
Published: November 2021

The article examines the history of the formation and reform of the system of state and municipal administration in Ukraine. In the conditions when the socio-political space of Ukraine is characterized by pronounced regionalism, and the issue of transition to a federal state system is excluded from the real political agenda, the nature of the development of the system of state and municipal administration can serve as a reflection of the ratio of centrifugal and centripetal trends in the internal political development of Ukraine. The article presents an analysis of the factors of internal political development of Ukraine that most influenced the formation of a centralized system of territorial administration in the country in the post- Soviet period and predetermined the weakness of local self-government, as well as the reasons for the failure of several attempts at reforms. Special attention is paid to the implementation of the decentralization policy after 2014. The article reveals the connection of the concept of modern administrative-territorial reform in Ukraine with the settlement process in the Donbas, as well as with the approaches in Western political science, according to which decentralization is considered as a tool for neutralizing the political potential of regionalism and countering regional separatism. The results and political orientation of decentralization in the context of the acute socio- economic crisis in Ukraine are evaluated.
Caspian Vector of the EAEU Transport and Logistics Policy
Authors: Mamedov I. B.
Published: November 2021

One of the goals of the Eurasian Economic Union is the formation of single markets for goods, services, capital and labor resources. A key aspect for the realization of the stated goal is the development of the EAEU transport and logistics potential. The formation of a single transport space, ensuring the free movement of goods and passenger traffic require an expansion of the EAEU participation in main international logistics projects, as well as the achievement of an agreed transport policy of member states. The purpose of this article is to determine the possibilities and limitations of interactions between the EAEU and Azerbaijan, Iran and Turkmenistan in the transport and logistics sphere. The article analyses the main directions and objectives of the EAEU transport policy, assesses the dynamics of the main indicators of the Union’s transport activities. The author considered key international transport projects for the EAEU. Logistics programs and corridors that pass through the territories of Azerbaijan, Iran and Turkmenistan are highlighted: the North-South international transport corridor, the EAEU and the Silk Road Economic Belt interface project, as well as the Central Asian regional economic cooperation programs and the Europe-Caucasus-Asia corridor project. The transit potential of the Caspian region in general and the territories of the represented countries in particular was studied. Analysis of the retrospective of relations of the EAEU with these countries is presented. The main result of the study is a description of promising areas of cooperation, individual projects and formats of cooperation in the transport and logistics sphere between the EAEU and the countries of the southern Caspian Sea. The author concludes that it is necessary to rehabilitate and reactualize the idea of the “Great Eurasian Partnership” in the light of the identified restrictions for the full integration of South Caspian countries into the EAEU.
The ANALYSIS OF THE QUALITY INFLUENCING FACTORS OF REGIONAL GOVERNMENT FINANCIAL REPORTS AND THE IMPLICATION TOWARDS THE GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE PERFORMANCE OF LAMPUNG PROVINCE GOVERNMENT
Authors: Lestari Raisa
Published: November 2021

This study aims to examine the relationship between the influence of human resource capacity, the application of government internal control systems and the use of information technology to the quality of local government financial reports, and their implications for employee performance. The study was conducted among 107 employees who worked in the accounting department of the Regional Agency for Financial Management and Assets and the Regional Revenue and Asset Management Service, who had responsibilities and main functions in the preparation of financial reports of district governments of Lampung Province. The data analysis technique used in this study is the SEM (Structural Equation Model) method using the AMOS program as a research tool. This research shows empirical evidence that human resource capacity, the application of government internal control systems and the use of information technology have a positive effect on the quality of local government financial reporting, this study found. also successfully demonstrated that there is a positive influence on the quality of local government financial statements on employee performance.
ROLE OF GREEN ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN RAISING THE EFFECT OF GREEN VALUE TOWARD SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
Authors: Nuringsih Kartika
Published: November 2021

In line with circular economic, the role of green entrepreneurship (GE) should be useful in preserving environmental sustainability. However, so many people are less aware of the importance of sustainability and green behavior in business activities. Therefore, the goal of the study is to explore a linkage of green value, GE, and sustainable development that is perceived by entrepreneurship students in Jakarta, Indonesia. 180 students were involved as respondents resulting in significant impacts. By using Smart-PLS proves significant relationships and finds a mediating effect of GE which links green value to sustainable development at the level of 5 percent. It forms a green triangle approach in promoting sustainability education for university students so that this linkage signs a good perception of students in expressing green value toward GE and sustainability issues. It is an early stage in promoting the triple bottom line so that the learning system could collaborate with stakeholders for enhancing the sustainability system in entrepreneurial education.
LINKING CRISIS AND EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT IN STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT PROCESS OF NGOs IN GAZA STRIP.
Authors: Elzaanin Amina , Ahadiat Ayi , Jimad Habibullah
Published: November 2021

NGOs play an important and clear role in development and relief programs in Gaza Strip. Due to the political conditions that Gaza Strip is going through and to the limited services which are presented by the government in Gaza Strip. Although of the remarkable role of these organizations, they face problems and shortcomings in management in times of crises and emergencies. This study aims to show how to link crisis and emergency management to the process of strategic management of NGOs in Gaza Strip. This study sheds lights on some aspects of the functions of strategic management processes and also it investigates some aspects of the possibility of NGOs dealing with disasters in Gaza Strip. The descriptive analytical method was used to achieve the objectives of the study. The researcher used a questionnaire to collect data. The study sample consisted of 120 employees working in NGOs. The current study shows some weakness in crisis and emergency management. Furthermore, there is a positive relationship between the formulation, implementation and evaluation of strategy and crisis and emergency management for NGOs in Gaza Strip. The results showed that there is a statistically significant relationship at the significance level (a ≤ 0.05) between strategic management processes and crisis and emergency management in NGOs in Gaza Strip.
Familial nephropathy in Bracchi Italiani: 8 cases (2012–2019)
Authors: Inman Amanda L. , Allen-Durrance Ashley E. , Cianciolo Rachel E. , Harris Autumn N.
Published: November 2021

OBJECTIVE

To characterize the signalment, clinical signs, clinical pathological and histologic findings, and outcome in 8 related Bracchi Italiani with proteinuric kidney disease.

ANIMALS

8 client-owned Bracchi Italiani.

PROCEDURES

Health records submitted to the Bracco Italiano Health Foundation and the Bracco Italiano Club of America between 2012 and 2019 were reviewed for dogs with evidence of nephropathy for which histologic diagnoses were obtained. Pedigree, signalment, clinical signs, diagnostic test results (including microscopic examination of kidney tissue samples collected ante- or postmortem), and outcome were acquired. Results were presented as descriptive statistics.

RESULTS

The most common clinical sign in affected dogs was inappetence. All dogs were proteinuric, and 4 dogs were azotemic. Seven dogs developed clinical signs of kidney disease and were euthanized a median of 75 days postdiagnosis. Six dogs had glomerular amyloidosis, and 1 dog each had nephrosclerosis and nonamyloidotic fibrillar glomerulopathy.

CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE

Results indicated that the clinical presentation may vary in affected dogs, and proteinuria in young or middle-aged Bracchi Italiani should raise the concern for hereditary nephropathy. Prognosis is likely poor once clinical signs are noted.
Comparison of bacteriologic culture results for skin wound swabs and skin wound biopsy specimens
Authors: Stokes Rebecca A. , Coleman Michelle C. , Rogovskyy Artem S. , Dickerson Vanna M. , Thieman Mankin Kelley M.
Published: November 2021

OBJECTIVE

To compare bacteriologic culture results for superficial swab and tissue biopsy specimens obtained from dogs with open skin wounds.

ANIMALS

52 client-owned dogs.

PROCEDURES

For each dog, 1 wound underwent routine preparation prior to collection of 2 specimens, 1 by superficial swab (Levine) technique and 1 by tissue biopsy. Specimens were processed for bacteriologic culture. Two observers determined whether any detected difference in culture results for the 2 types of specimen would have resulted in differing treatment plans.

RESULTS

Culture results of swab and tissue biopsy specimens were identical in 11/52 (21.2%) cases. Tissue biopsy specimen and swab cultures yielded positive results for 44 (84.6%) and 40 (76.9%) wounds, respectively. With regard to mean recovery rates of bacteria from wounds with positive culture results, both the biopsy specimens and swabs yielded 3.4 bacterial species/wound. All wounds for which swab cultures yielded no growth also had negative culture results for biopsy specimens. Biopsy specimen and swab culture results were in agreement with regard to the most common bacteria cultured. In 7/52 (13%) wounds, the observers would have treated the patient differently on the basis of the results of the 2 cultures.

CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE

Results indicated that culture of a swab collected by the Levine technique is an appropriate noninvasive alternative to culture of a tissue biopsy specimen. A negative result obtained from culture of a swab is likely to be reliable. Disagreement between the results of swab and tissue biopsy specimen cultures is likely of low clinical importance.
Computed tomographic findings and clinical features in dogs with canine cutaneous lymphoma: 10 cases (2007–2018)
Authors: Watton Thom C. , Purzycka Katarzyna , Fitzgerald Ella
Published: November 2021

OBJECTIVE

To report clinical features, CT findings, treatment protocols, and outcomes for dogs in which canine cutaneous lymphoma (CCL) was diagnosed.

ANIMALS

10 client-owned dogs with CCL.

PROCEDURES

Medical records of dogs in which a diagnosis of CCL had been made between September 2007 and July 2018 and in which CT had been performed prior to treatment were reviewed. All available CT studies were reviewed, and an anatomical reference system was developed to map observed lesions. Treatment protocols and patient outcomes were summarized.

RESULTS

14 CT examinations were performed on the 10 dogs, and 9 dogs had lesions consistent with CCL on CT images. Nodular lesions were present in 8 dogs, and cutaneous or subcutaneous mass lesions were seen in 3. Well-defined, diffusely distributed, contrast-enhancing, cutaneous or subcutaneous nodules were most common; mass lesions were more variable in appearance. Nine dogs had lymphadenopathy, with the mandibular and axillary lymph nodes most commonly affected. Four dogs had confirmed nodal involvement, and 4 had confirmed visceral involvement. Nine dogs received treatment with chemotherapy, and 5 had a complete response.

CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE

Results indicated that dogs with CCL may have a wide spectrum of CT findings. Many of these lesions, including affected lymph nodes, would be unlikely to be detected clinically, suggesting that CT may be a useful modality to assess the severity of disease and for guiding selection of local versus systemic treatment.
Pantheistic versus Participatory Christologies: A Critical Analysis of Richard Rohr’s Universal Christ in Light of Thomas Aquinas’s Commentary on John
Authors: Dauphinais Michael A.
Published: November 2021

This essay will present Richard Rohr’s central claims about Jesus Christ and the presence of God in creation and then consider them in light of Aquinas’s teachings with particular attention to his Commentary on John. This essay attempts to show that Rohr’s claims are incomplete and ultimately misguided and that Aquinas’s participatory account of creation and the Incarnation allows him to cultivate an awareness of God’s presence in all of creation while also maintaining the salvific uniqueness of the Incarnation.
Ein Wanderer und sein Schatten - Friedrich Nietzsches Gedanken-Gänge in St. Moritz
Authors: Wachendorff Elke Angelika
Published: November 2021

Den Sommer 1879 verbrachte Nietzsche in St. Moritz. Hier passten Ort, Lage, Landschaft und Umfeld perfekt zu Nietzsches Lebenssituation, und hier entstand Der Wanderer und sein Schatten, das berühmt werden sollte. Die Autorin beschäftigt sich mit den besonderen Umständen, Einzelheiten, Besonderheiten – den Wechselwirkungen von Umfeld, Klima, Kuren, Diäten, Topographien und Gedanken – und thematisiert Momente und Impulse in der Entwicklung von Nietzsches Philosophieren, Auseinandersetzungen mit etablierten philosophischen Positionen und diversen Lektüren. Es geht ihr nicht um einen wissenschaftlichen Kommentar des entstandenen Werkes. Vielmehr will das Buch anregend und vertiefend neue Augen und Ohren für dessen Lektüre öffnen. Fotografien aus der Zeit ermöglichen das atmosphärische Eintauchen in Nietzsches Sommer in St. Moritz.
Écrire Juliette Ernst - Bibliographie et sciences de l’Antiquité au XXe siècle
Authors: Hilbold Ilse
Published: November 2021

Née en 1900 à Alger, Juliette Ernst a été la rédactrice, puis la directrice de L’Année Philologique de 1929 jusqu’aux années 1990. Débutant son travail à L’APh aux côtés de Jules Marouzeau, qui en avait été le fondateur en 1926, Juliette Ernst participe au processus de modernisation de la bibliographie qui traverse alors toutes les sciences et que soutient la Société des Nations. Juliette Ernst a ensuite suivi Jules Marouzeau dans un autre projet d’envergure internationale, la Fédération Internationale des associations d’Études Classiques, où elle œuvre comme secrétaire depuis sa fondation, en 1948, jusqu’en 1974. Avec ses deux carrières, elle dévoile en fait un même domaine de compétences, que l’on peut résumer par la fabrique des relations internationales entre spécialistes des sciences de l’Antiquité.
Cette enquête retrace l’histoire de ces deux outils de coopération internationale que Juliette Ernst a su conjuguer des décennies durant au profit des antiquisants du monde entier.