bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Too smart for one's own good? Evolution favors individuals with a low-level theory of mind in a complex network
Authors: Yan Xinyuan
Published: February 2024

The Theory of Mind (ToM) is pivotal for social interaction, enabling individuals to predict others' minds and navigate in complex environments. However, the cognitive and energetic demands of ToM pose significant challenges, potentially leading to mental fatigue and impacting long-term mental well-being. This study utilizes agent-based modeling to investigate how cognitive complexity and the structures of social networks influence the survival and success of individuals from an evolutionary perspective. Agents simulated in the study encompass those with varying degrees of ToM: 0-ToM (fixed choice beliefs), 1-ToM (consideration of others' perspectives), 2-ToM (consideration of others' perspectives and their perceived perspectives), and 3-ToM (multiple layers of recursive thinking), each associated with different cognitive costs. Results from spatial networks, representing simple social structures (Experiment 1), suggest that agents with 3-ToM initially exhibit competitive dominance in social interaction, which shifts towards 2-ToM agents as cognitive costs increase. Conversely, in scale-free networks representing complex social structures (Experiment 2), 1-ToM agents emerge as thriving social hubs, highlighting the efficiency of simpler cognitive strategies in complex environments. The findings contribute to our understanding of the evolutionary pressures shaping social cognition and offer insights into optimizing cognitive strategies for social interaction and leadership in complex social landscapes.
Marxist Perspective on Health and Health Education: Critically Review in Nepalese Context
Authors: Thapaliya Samjhana
Published: February 2024

The application of Marxist philosophy in the realm of health and health education offers a critical lens through which to understand the intricate relationship between socioeconomic structures, power dynamics, and individuals' well-being. Grounded in the principles of dialectical materialism and historical materialism, Marxist thought underscores the impact of class struggle, capitalism, and exploitation on the healthcare system and the dissemination of health education. The aim of this paper is to use Marxism to analyze health and health education, emphasizing its implications for addressing systemic inequalities and advancing a more equitable approach to healthcare. In this review, Marxist philosophy has been explained based on the literature reviews available in peer-reviewed academic articles and books. By interrogating the root causes of health disparities and advocating for structural change, this perspective holds the potential to reshape healthcare systems and education paradigms, fostering a more just and equitable approach to health for all in Nepal.
Hydropower Development and Economic Growth in Nepal: Challenges and Prospects
Authors: Chaudhary Deepak
Published: February 2024

Nepal is rich in water resources, and hydropower development has been a key issue for the country's socio-economic development. But, it needs to produce huge amounts of electricity to support economic activities and growth, though it faces challenges. The paper attempts to fill this gap by studying hydropower development in support of economic growth and overall development, and further discussing its challenges through a literature review analysis and Key Informant Interviews. Economically, Nepal has more than 42000 MW of hydropower generation capacity, but the present generation capacity is 2945 MW, though only below more than 50 percent of the total generation capacity works out in the dry season due to low water discharge and faces a deficiency of electricity. Nepal also imports electricity from India to fulfill domestic demands in the season. There is a gap in the demand and supply lines. Hydropower has become a de-facto reality in light of economic development and the production of hydropower is crucial as Nepal exported electricity of Rs.15.4 billion worth last year. However, this study shows that the prospect of hydropower development is optimistic, though, there are several challenges in terms of priorities of needy projects, investment, environment-forest-land policies, and governance aspects. If pragmatic policy, effective governance, and leadership interventions are adopted on time, challenges can be overcome.
Opportunities and Challenges of Nepal’s Health Systems: A Critical Study in Federal Context
Authors: Dahal Kabita
Published: February 2024

This paper aims to analyze the health system in Nepal by exploring different opportunities and challenges. It takes an integrated approach to define and analyze the health system. The paper employs secondary sources of data and then follows a systematic review approach. The major findings include that the health system in Nepal is making remarkable progress after the federal system was adhered to in 2015, and there are several opportunities with changing political and economic contexts. However, some policy-level issues, problems related to health governance, issues of skilled and professional human resources, poor financing, weak regulatory and monitoring systems, and community empowerment are some of the critical challenges to addressing the health system in Nepal. The conclusions of the paper can contribute to the policymakers, health researchers, and health professionals in Nepal and beyond.
Physical and Mental Health Problems among Elderly in Selected Geriatric Homes of Makawanpur District
Authors: Bajracharya Anu , Kharel Sagun , Karkheti Ashwin , Paudel Indira Adhikari
Published: February 2024

Introduction: With the advancing age, there comes increased risk of medical illness, psychiatric problems and use of medication, all of which may adversely impact on the physical and mental health status of the elderly. Studies investigating physical and mental health problems among elderly in geriatric homes are rare in Nepal.
Objective: The objective of this study was to assess the physical and mental health problems among elderly of selected geriatric homes of Makawanpur district.
Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional research design was carried out among the old people of three geriatric homes of Makawanpur district. Data was collected through structured interview schedule consisting of demographic, medical history and social information including geriatric depression scale and geriatric anxiety scale. Data was analyzed by using SPSS version 16 using descriptive statics.
Result: A total of 84 respondents in the study, 90.2% of the respondents having physical symptoms. Among them pain (90.2%), weakness (26.6%), fatigue (18.3%) were the common symptoms. Furthermore, 76.8% of elderly were having physical health problems and more common problems were hypertension (55.55%), Diabetes (33.33%) and asthma (25.57%). Similarly 36.4% of the respondents had depression and 39% have anxiety.
Conclusion: Based on the findings, it is concluded that hypertension, diabetes and asthma were more common physical problems and depression, anxiety were more common mental health problems among old people. Therefore, provision of regular health check-up program for elders can enhance their physical as well as mental health so that complications can be prevented in time.
Level of Anxiety among Medical Students: A Descriptive Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Yadav Binod Kumar , Chaudhary Khusboo , Mainali Sadhana , Poudel Priyanka , Das Rajesh , Shah Sanjay Kumar
Published: February 2024

Introduction: Anxiety is one of the common psychological disorders showing more prevalence among medical students. Symptoms seen in the anxiety are excessive fear- worry and negative thoughts. In India and Pakistan have reported prevalence of anxiety consist of 66.9% and 44.7% % among undergraduate medical students, respectively. This study aims to find out the prevalence of anxiety among medical students.
Objective: To assess the prevalence of anxiety among medical students of fourth year MBBS students of National Medical College and Teaching Hospital, Birgunj, Nepal.
Method: A descriptive cross-sectional study was done to observe prevalence of anxiety in medical students of fourth year by using Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale questionnaire. Data was entered and analyzed by the use of Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 20.0
Result: The prevalence of anxiety among the students was found to be 70.4%, where as 64.3% students had mild and moderate anxiety, 6.1% of them had severe anxiety. The prevalence of anxiety among male students was 53.6%.
Conclusion: Anxiety of prevalence was high among medical students. Rate of anxiety was more in male.
Self-Directed Learning, its Implementation, and Challenges: A Review
Authors: Bhat Neeti , Dahal Aashma
Published: February 2024

This narrative review discusses self-directed learning, its implementation, and the roles of various bodies, a guiding framework, and challenges to implementing it. It’s an educational method in which learners plan, implement, and assess their learning, align with those of 21st-century education. By becoming self-directed learners, individuals gain critical thinking skills, digital tool proficiency, and the ability to retrieve information efficiently, employ appropriate learning methods by developing a strategic approach to learning, and extend learning beyond the classroom. It nurtures a growth and lifelong learning mindset necessary to succeed in a rapidly changing world. Furthermore, it can be a powerful and effective tool for navigating the ever-demanding field challenges of the healthcare profession. Although accrediting standards worldwide have acknowledged their significance, many institutions do not adopt them due to a need for a change in mindset from traditional approaches. Students and educators accustomed to teacher-led methods may struggle with it. It can, however, be easily embraced and implemented by educators and students with deliberate planning and targeted training by institutions. An integrated approach is necessary to successfully integrate self-directed into healthcare education. Students' readiness should be assessed, their roles understood, and digital literacy encouraged.
Творительный падеж в русских письменных текстах студентов-казахов (по данным Русского учебного корпуса)
Authors: Казкенова А.К. , Кадырова Г.Р. , Аманов А.Ш.
Published: February 2024

В статье рассмотрены примеры нестандартного употребления форм творительного падежа с предлогами и без них в текстах, написанных на русском языке студентами казахских групп вузов г. Алматы. Тексты размещены в Русском учебном корпусе (www.web-corpora.net/RLC), и это дает новые возможности для описания и анализа стратегий их построения. Обнаруженные отклонения в употреблении творительного падежа объясняются влиянием как падежной системы родного языка, так и смежных конструкций русского языка, а также нетривиальными решениями авторов-билингвов. В статье проанализированы наиболее типичные для казахского подкорпуса примеры пропуска предлога при творительном падеже и, наоборот, использования творительного падежа с избыточным предлогом, представлена попытка объяснить причины обнаруженных отклонений. Полученные результаты могут быть использованы в практике преподавания русского языка и служить дополнением к исследованиям казахско-русского билингвизма.
أثر مشروع القراءة الإثرائية لمركز الخليل بن أحمد الفراهيدي بجامعة نزوى على مهارات التعبير الشَّفوي والاتجاه نحو القراءة لدى طالبات الصف السابع الأساسي
Authors: العزري سيف بن ناصر بن سيف , الفواعير أحمد "محمد جلال" , العمري حسن محمد
Published: February 2024

الأهداف: هدفت هذه الدراسة إلى تقويم مشروع القراءة الإثرائية لمركز الخليل بن أحمد الفراهيدي بجامعة نزوى في سلطنة عُمان. تكونت عينة الدراسة من (54) طالبة من طالبات الصف السابع الأساسي من مدرسة أم المنذر الأنصارية (5-8) بولاية نزوى تم اختيارها بطريقة قصدية. المنهجية: استخدمت الدراسة المنهج الوصفي، وقد تكونت أدوات الدراسة من أداتين؛ لقياس متغيري الدراسة: بطاقة الملاحظة؛ لقياس مستوى الطالبات في مهارات التعبير الشفهي، واستبانة؛ للكشف عن اتجاهات طالبات الصف السابع الأساسي نحو قراءة قصص وكتيبات مركز الخليل بن أحمد الفراهيدي. استمرت تجربة الدراسة شهرين خلال الفصل الدراسي الثاني من العام الدراسي 2022م / 2023م وفق استراتيجية وضَّحتها الدراسة في إجراءاتها. النتائج: توصلت الدراسة إلى النتائج التالية: مهارة طالبات الصَّف السابع الأساسي -عينة التجربة- في مهارة التعبير الشفهي قد تراوح بين العالية والعالية جدًا، بينما كان مستوى آراء طالبات الصَّف السابع الأساسي نحو قراءة قصص وكتيبات المشروع إيجابية؛ فجميع المتوسطات الحسابية لجميع الفقرات قد تراوحت بين (1-2) لا توجد فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية عند مستوى دلالة (0.05) بين مستوى الطالبات في مهارة العرض الشفهي ومستواهن في الاتجاهات نحو القراءة من قصص وكتيبات مركز الخليل بن أحمد الفراهيدي. الخلاصة: اختتمت الدراسة بمجموعة من التوصيات الهادفة إلى تطوير المشروع منها: قيام مركز الخليل بن أحمد الفراهيدي بجامعة نزوى ببناء مقاييس تتعلق بالفهم القرائي والاتجاهات نحو القراءة تكون مرافقة لمشروع القصص والكتيبات الذي تم إنتاجها.
المناخ الأسري وعلاقته بمستوى السلوك العدواني لدى عينة من المراهقين في المرحلة الثانوية بمنطقة مبارك الكبير التعليمية بدولة الكويت
Authors: شعبان مريم قاسم تقي
Published: February 2024

الأهداف: هدفت الدراسة التعرف إلى طبيعة العلاقة بين المناخ الأسري والسلوك العدواني لدى طلبة المرحلة الثانوية. المنهجية: لتحقيق أهداف الدراسة استخدمت الباحثة المنهج الوصفي التحليلي، وتكونت العينة من (295) طالب، توزعت على (160)، طالب و (135)، طالبة من طلبة ثانوية فارعة بنت أبي الصلت وثانوية صباح السالم بنات التابعة لمنطقة مبارك الكبير التعليمية في محافظة مبارك الكبير، واستخدمت الدراسة مقياس السلوك العدواني إعداد ماجدة الشهري ونور الشريم (2018)، ومقياس المناخ الأسري إعداد الباحثة. النتائج: أظهرت النتائج أن الدرجة الكلية للمناخ الأسري حصلت على وزن نسبي (73.89%) والدرجة الكلية للسلوك العدواني حصلت على وزن نسبي (57.43%). وأظهرت وجود علاقة ارتباطية سالبة بين مستوى المناخ الأسري والسلوك العدواني. وجود فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية فيهما تعزى لمتغير المناخ الأسري ولقد كانت الفروق لصالح منخفضي المناخ. عدم وجود فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية في مستوى المناخ الأسري تعزى لمتغير الجنس عدا بعد التضحية الأسرية لصالح الذكور وبعد الحاجات الأسرية لصالح الإناث. وعدم وجود فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية فيهما تعزى لمتغير التخصص عدا بعد الأمان الأسري والحاجات الأسرية لصالح التخصصات العلمية والتضحية لصالح التخصص الأدبي. عدم وجود فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية في مستوى السلوك العدواني تعزى لمتغير الجنس والتخصص. الخلاصة: خلصت الدراسة مجموهة من التوصيات منها إعطاء مزيد من الاهتمام للطلبة بشكل عام وبشكل خاص طلبة الثانوية لا سيما طلبة الصف الثاني عشر في دولة الكويت، توفير برامج دعم نفسي اجتماعي لهم، من أجل التخفيف من حدة التوتر والقلق والسلوك العدواني وتوفير بيئة تعليمية متنوعة، وغيرها من التوصيات.
Portrait
Authors: Yang Mayfair , Veer Peter van der , Gauthier François , Duara Prasenjit , Brownell Susan
Published: February 2024

My BA was a double major in anthropology and what was then called ‘Oriental languages’, and my MA and PhD were in anthropology, all at the University of California, Berkeley. Berkeley instilled in me a strong sense of politics and power dynamics and a penchant for social critique in my work. My PhD advisers were Jack Potter, a cultural Marxist who had done fieldwork on peasants in rural Hong Kong and Guangdong Province in China; Paul Rabinow, a philosophical anthropologist and early science and technology studies scholar who hosted Michel Foucault at Berkeley and introduced me to the world of French theory; and Robert Bellah, a sociologist of Japanese religion and American civil religion. As an immigrant originally born in Taiwan but who had grown up in multiple countries, I was very drawn to knowledge about Mainland China, the land from where both my parents fled the Communists. In the late 1970s, there was still very little knowledge about China in the outside world, but I was lucky to go there on a new graduate student exchange program between Berkeley and Beijing universities in 1981.
Ishmael at the Table of Abraham
Authors: Allen Andrea S.
Published: February 2024

Afro-Brazilian LGBTQ evangelicals stand betwixt and between as negotiators with evangelical and LGBTQ communities in Brazilian society. Finding full acceptance in neither community, these religious actors engage in interpretive endeavors that represent the ‘wonky’ potentiality of ‘Black queer religious hermeneutics’. At a LGBTQ-led evangelical church in São Paulo, Brazil, Afro-Brazilian believers’ theological orientations reveal how they can disturb queer theoretical frameworks that emphasize ‘resistance’ and ‘empowerment’. Such emphases can foreclose analytical possibilities in a myopic attempt to focus on queerness as the orienting experiential framework of sexual and gender minorities. Instead, this article offers the possibility for understanding the roles of religiosity and materiality as the primary grounds of analysis, eschewing an overreliance on abstraction and subversion as analytical frames.
Phân tích tĩnh phi tuyến hình học và vật liệu cấu kiện dầm-cột ống thép tròn nhồi bê tông
Authors: Danh Nguyễn Thế , Nghiêm Đoàn Ngọc Tịnh , Quy Phan Thị Tường , Lan Nguyễn Thị Tố , Hiếu Nguyễn Văn , Cường Ngô Hữu
Published: February 2024

Dầm-cột ống thép tròn nhồi bê tông (CFST) là cấu kiện kết cấu có nhiều đặc điểm nổi trội cho kết cấu nhà nhiều tầng do có cường độ, độ cứng và độ dẻo dai cao hơn những loại cấu kiện thông thường trong khi có hình dáng kiến trúc thanh mảnh, có khả năng chống cháy tốt và thuận tiện cho thi công. Bài báo này phát triển một chương trình phân tích phi tuyến bằng ngôn ngữ lập trình Matlab để dự đoán ứng xử kết cấu của cấu kiện dầm-cột CFST cường độ cao dưới tác dụng của tải trọng nén lệch tâm có kể đến tác động bó lõi bê tông của ống thép và sự không hoàn hảo ban đầu về hình học của cấu kiện dầm-cột. Tiết diện liên hợp của cấu kiện dầm-côt được chia ̣thành nhiều điểm thớ thép và bê tông và trạng thái của tiết diện được cập nhật trong suốt quá trình phân tích để kể đến tác động phi đàn hồi kết hợp với sự xem xét tác động phi tuyến hình học giữa hai đầu cấu kiện. Những kết quả phân tích số đạt được từ chương trình phát triển được so sánh với các kết quả của các nghiên cứu khác chứng tỏ rằng nó là một công cụ mô phỏng khá hiệu quả và tương đối chính xác trong việc dự đoán khả năng chiu lư c của cấu kiện dầm-cột CFST tròn nhồi bê tông cường độ cao chịu tải trọng tĩnh trong nghiên cứu và thiết kế kỹ thuật.
Nghiên cứu khả năng kết hợp cát tái chế từ đá xi măng và thuỷ tinh phát quang thay thế cát tự nhiên trong vữa xây dựng
Authors: Tùng Phạm Bá , Tuấn Hà Minh , Thạch Cao Ngọc , Bình Đào Nguyễn Thanh , Đoan Nguyễn Văn , Thành Nguyễn Tấn
Published: February 2024

Nghiên cứu này khảo sát tính khả thi của việc kết hợp cát tái chế từ xi măng (gọi tắt là cát tái chế) và thuỷ tinhphát quang thay thế cho một phần của hàm lượng cát trong vữa thông thường. Cát tái chế được mô phỏng bằng xi măng đã hoàn toàn thuỷ hoá trong 56 ngày. Thuỷ tinh phát quang được chế tạo bôi bột phát quang với hạt thuỷ tinh Vữa cát tái chế - thuỷ tinh phát quang (LM) được chế tạo bằng cách thay thế 40% hàm lượng cát bằng thuỷ tinh phát quang và cát tái chế sẽ thay thế lần lượt 10-30% hàm lượng cát còn lại. Kết quả cho thấy các mẫu đều đạt cường độ khoảng 45 MPa vào 28 ngày tuổi và các đặc trưng cơ lý khác như độ lưu động, sự co ngót, độ rỗng đều thoả mãn yêu cầu kĩ thuật của vữa xây dựng. Các mẫu LM đều có cường độ ánh sáng hơn cường độ nhận biết của mắt thường trong 8 giờ. Qua đó, vữa cát tái chế – thuỷ tinh phát quang hoàn có thể được ứng dụng trong các công trình xây dựng, đặc biệt là các công trình phụ của kết cấu cầu đường.
The Contador Peace Process in Central America
Authors: Kudelko Bohdan
Published: February 2024

This article is dedicated to a comprehensive analysis of the Contadora Peace Process in Central America. The research covers key aspects such as the main causes of conflicts, the course of the process, the interests of the participants, and the final outcomes of the peace initiatives. Special attention is given to the role of the United States of America in the context of their support or sabotage of the Central American states' efforts towards independent peaceful resolution of regional conflicts. The author analyzes factors that contributed to the failure of the Contadora Process, including its gradual transition to other regional mechanisms of settlement. The findings of the study indicate that the process did not achieve its initial goals, particularly due to the intervention of the USA, which considered Central America as its strategic sphere of influence. In the context of the modern resurgence of geopolitical tension, similar to the Cold War period, the study of the Contadora Peace Process gains particular relevance.
Violation of Human Rights in Temporarily Annexed Ukrainian Crimea by Russia
Authors: Burdiak Vira
Published: February 2024

The purpose of the article is that, based on the laws of Ukraine, documents of the Crimean Tatar Resource Center, Summit "Crimean Platform", media materials to objectively reveal the activities of the russian federation regarding violation of human rights in the temporarily annexed Ukrainian Crimea. To achieve the goal, the author analyzed many examples violation of russian human rights and freedoms, norms of international humanitarian law that took place in Crimea. The documented protests of Ukraine are highlighted, with which the state appeals to international organizations, international courts, regarding the actions of the russian federation, but so far they do not have the necessary influence on the policy of the aggressor state. However, the return of the occupied territories requires quick and decisive actions. Understanding this, high-ranking officials of Ukraine significantly intensified activities regarding the de-occupation of Crimea, are looking for various tools to change approaches and actions regarding the temporarily occupied territory of Crimea. The activity of the authorities of Ukraine shows, that the state is constantly trying to bring the time of Crimea's return closer, opposes the violation of human rights, demands that the russian federation respect the rights and freedoms of residents on the temporarily annexed peninsula. Although the russian federation temporarily retains physical control over Crimea, but the peninsula was and remains the sovereign territory of Ukraine. Russia's false claims to sovereignty over Crimea were resolutely rejected by the entire international community.
A Practical Framework for Component-Level Structural Health Monitoring of the Gerald Desmond Bridge
Authors:   California State University-Long Beach, Rahmani Mehran , Terzic Vesna , Calabrese Andrea , Campbell Brittany
Published: February 2024

Bridges serve as critical transportation infrastructure, but traditional maintenance inspection to ensure their safety is time-consuming, costly, and labor-intensive, especially for larger and more complex structures. This study presents a practical framework for the instrumentation, data acquisition, and remote condition assessment of the Gerald Desmond Bridge, California’s largest cable-stayed bridge. The framework aims to establish a foundation for real-time or near real-time remote health monitoring of the bridge’s critical elements. The study highlights the advantages of remote monitoring in terms of efficiency, cost-effectiveness, and early detection of damage.
A switched-inductor switched-capacitor based ultra-gain boost converter: analysis and design
Authors: Raju Neyyala , Mohan N. Murali , Kumar Vijay
Published: February 2024

A feature known as high-voltage gain conversion is necessary for a number of applications, including photovoltaic (PV) connected systems, UPS, SMPS, and some inverter applications, specifically for the power processing of low-voltage renewable sources. This article makes a suggestion for an ultra-gain boost converter based on a switched-inductor switched-capacitor (SISC) network. Ultra-voltage gain (> 15) and lower voltage stresses across the switches are the main benefits of the proposed converter. Additionally, compared with other high-gain topologies, the number of components decreases. This paper presents a systematic analysis of the proposed ultra-gain boost DC–DC converter along with a comparison to other topologies that have been previously published in the literature. The simulation model confirmed that the efficiency of the proposed topology is 95.23%.
La mujer... ¿Objeto de hecho o sujeto de derecho en la historia?
Authors: Lamas Meza Saúl Adolfo
Published: February 2024

El presente trabajo tiene como finalidad analizar el proceso histórico de estigmatización y segregación social y jurídica que ha vivido la mujer en el devenir de las eras, así como su larga lucha por alcanzar la emancipación y el reconocimiento de sus derechos humanos. Se analiza los contextos históricos que han condicionado a la mujer en su rol social. Se hace referencia al caso de la desvalorización que las mujeres viven en el medio oriente y se desarrolla un estudio crítico del fenómeno del machismo y misoginia que permea en la sociedad mexicana. Se examinan los alcances jurídicos de la figura del feminicidio que se ha incorporado en múltiples sistema jurídicos penales vigentes, se analizan las marchas feministas que se han dado con denuedo en los últimos años, y las conquistas legales que han alcanzado las mujeres hasta este momento, en su largo proceso reivindicatorio.
Active substances of a solid corrosion inhibitor for the oil and gas industry
Authors:   Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry and Petrochemistry of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kartun I.M. , Kochirko B.F. ,   National Technical University of Ukraine "Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute"
Published: February 2024

This paper reports the method of synthesis and the results of the investigation of the components of a solid corrosion inhibitor intended for the protection of equipment of gas-condensate and oil wells. 1-Amidohydroxystearate-diethyldiamine-2-hydroxystearylimidazoline was synthesized by the interaction of hydroxystearic acid with triethyltetramine. By chemical transformation of pork fat with triethyltetramine, amidoamines of fatty acids were synthesized. The passage of the relevant chemical reactions was confirmed by the methods of infrared spectroscopy and gas chromatographic analysis. The gravimetric method was used to investigate the inhibitory properties of the synthesized substances with respect to 08 ps steel in a simulated corrosive medium. The optimal ratio between 1-amidohydroxystearate-diethyldiamine-2-hydroxystearylimidazoline and amidoamines of fatty acids in the composition of the corrosion inhibitor in a new commercial form (solid) was established. It was shown that the use of amidoamines of fatty acids as part of a corrosion inhibitor helps to reduce its softening temperature and improve plasticity and solubility.
Z,E-Isomerization of N-carbamoyl-1,4-benzoquinone monoimines
Authors:   Donbass State Engineering Academy, Konovalova S.A. , Burmistrov K.S. , Avdeenko A.P. , Pirozhenko V.V. , Toropin M.V.
Published: February 2024

There are two following processes in the solutions of N-carbamoyl-1,4-benzoquinone monoimines: Z,E-isomerization with respect to the C=N bond and hindered rotation around the –NH–C(O)– bond, which can be registered by 1H NMR spectroscopy. The experimental values of the activation energy of these processes (G298) were determined as 67.21 and 62.05 kJ/mol, respectively. Z,E-Isomerization with respect to the C=N bond was found to run under the inversion mechanism. The theoretical values of the barriers of 3,5-dimethyl- and 2,6-dimethyl-N-carbamoyl-1,4-benzoquinone monoimines were calculated by quantum chemical calculations, they agreed well with experimental data.
Solid-state exchange reactions during sintering of dispersed alumina
Authors:   Simon Kuznets Kharkiv National University of Economics, Logvinkov S.M. , Borysenko O.M. ,   National Technical University "Kharkiv Polytechnic Institute", Ivashura A.A. , Shabanova H.M. , Shumejko V.M. , Korohodska A.M. , Tsapko N.S.
Published: February 2024

In this article, the mechanism of sintering of Al2O3 in the presence of small amounts of Na2O and CaO was investigated. Based on the results of the electron microscopy, the granulometry and morphological features of the particles of the studied alumina were established. The uniform nature of the distribution of sodium-containing phases was revealed, in contrast to silicon-containing ones, and the dislocation of submicron particles from calcium-containing phases was determined mainly on the basal planes of relatively large corundum particles. It was shown that such an arrangement of calcium-containing phases promotes the formation of a dense layered microstructure during sintering, especially in the presence of -alumina. The general pattern of the branched mechanism of the reaction phase formation during the sintering of the compositions in the Na2O–СаО–Al2O3 system was illustrated by a diagram explaining the trend of physicochemical processes and the feasibility of using specific types of dispersed alumina for technologies of corundum products and refractory concretes with different contents of aluminous cements.
Anodic surface treatment of nickel in eutectic ionic liquids based on choline chloride for electrochemical polishing and enhancement of electrocatalytic activity in hydrogen evolution reaction
Authors:   Ukrainian State University of Chemical Technology, Protsenko V.S. , Makhota D.O. ,   Ukrainian State University of Chemical Technology, Butyrina T.E. ,   Ukrainian State University of Chemical Technology, Korniy S.A. ,   Karpenko Physico-Mechanical Institute of the NAS of Ukraine, Danilov F.I. ,   Ukrainian State University of Chemical Technology
Published: February 2024

The paper reports the impact of anodic potentiostatic treatment of nickel in two representatives of a new type of eutectic ionic liquids (deep eutectic solvents), ethaline and reline, which are eutectic mixtures of choline chloride with ethylene glycol and urea, respectively. The influence of anodic treatment on surface morphology, roughness coefficients, and electrocatalytic activity towards the hydrogen evolution reaction is characterized. It is demonstrated that the current densities of nickel anodic dissolution in reline are approximately an order of magnitude lower than in ethaline under all other identical conditions. Significant differences in the kinetics of nickel anodic dissolution and passivation during anodic polarization in ethaline and reline have been established, which may be attributed to both a substantial difference in the viscosity of these solvents and differences in the chemical nature and composition of the ions present in them. It is found that anodic treatment in ethaline, at certain potentials, results in electrochemical polishing of the surface, confirmed by a decrease in measured roughness coefficients, while anodic treatment in reline does not allow effective electropolishing and only surface etching (increase in roughness coefficients) is observed. Anodic potentiostatic treatment of nickel in both investigated deep eutectic solvents at specific electrode potential values significantly enhances the electrocatalytic activity of the surface towards the hydrogen evolution reaction in an alkaline environment. This finding can be utilized in the development of electrocatalytic materials for the electrolytic synthesis of green hydrogen.
Noble guardianships of Volyn governorate: realities of collective solidarity and practical activities
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Loza Anna
Published: February 2024

The purpose of the article: based on offi cial sources and archival materials of the State Archives of the Zhytomyr region, to investigate the activities of the noble guardians of the Volyn Governorate from the point of view of their powers, in particular, the inclusion of nobles in the guardianship as a manifestation of their state collective solidarity and the eff ectiveness of the specifi ed institutions. Th e methodological basis of the study consists of historical-comparative, historical- systemic, and historical-typological methods, as well as the principles of systematicity, objectivity, and historicism. Th e scientifi c novelty is determined primarily by the lack of unique research on the given topic in historiography, the involvement of new archival materials, the characterization of the peculiarities of the relationship between the state and the privileged condition of the Russian Empire through the prism of the functioning of noble guardianships as state corporate bodies. Th e chronological limits of the article cover the time of formation and the beginning of the activity of the nobility’s guardianships on the territory of the Ukrainian governorates in the 18th century and are also correlated with the dating of the archival materials used: from the beginning to the third quarter of the 19th century. Conclusions. Th e hopes of the Russian imperial authorities that the newly cre- ated state institutions (noble guardianships) would support the monarchy’s economic stability and ensure a stable s ocial system were only partially justifi ed. Th e noble guardians were not distinguished by high eff ectiveness. Aft er all, on the one hand, they were part of an imperial bureaucratic apparatus that was not more eff ective. On the other hand, due to the lack of motivation of the nobles to fulfi l the duties assigned to them and the regular practice of their refusal/replacement, these institutions did not ensure the quality performance of the functions assigned to them.
The Sunni-Shiite conflict in the historiography of the fatherland of the XXI century
Authors:   Kamianets-Podilskyi Ivan Ohiienko National University, Hazin Volodymyr
Published: February 2024

The purpose of the study is to analyze the state of study of the problem of Sunni- Shiite confl ict in the Islamic countries of the Middle East and North Africa in Ukrainian histo- riography, to outline the achievements of domestic researchers and prospects for further study of problems related to the Islamic world, in particular, the relationship between its Sunni and Shiite communities. Research methodology. Th e research presented in this article was carried out based on the principles of historicism, objectivity, comprehensiveness and integrity. Th e methods used by the author (analysis and synthesis, historical-comparative, historical-typological) made it possible to fulfi ll the tasks and realize the purpose of the research. Th e scientifi c novelty is that an attempt has been made to comprehensively assess the Ukrainian historiography of a specifi c problem, namely the Sunni-Shia confl ict in the countries of the Middle East and North Africa. Conclusions. the problem of the Sunni-Shia confl ict, as well as the general topic concerning the countries of the Middle East, is gaining considerable relevance and attracts the attention of Ukrainian researchers. Th is is explained by the fact that this region is one of those where world politics accumulates today, and the intensity of political and economic confrontation also aff ects the course of internal processes. One of these is the long-standing confl ict within the Islamic com- munity, namely between Sunnis and Shiites. For Ukraine, this topic is interesting from several aspects. First of all, there are many Muslims living in Ukraine and the state should develop a strategy for relations with this community. Secondly, Ukraine is interested in intensifying rela- tions with the Arab world. Th erefore, today there is an urgent need to study various aspects of both the historical past and contemporary processes in the Arab world.
The historical and cultural heritage of Podillia in Russia: the search and issues of restitution
Authors:   Uman State Pedagogical Pavlo Tychiny University, Biliaieva Svitlana
Published: February 2024

The purpose of research is to highlight the issues of loss of the historical and cul- tural heritage of Podillia because of export to the territory of Russia and the issue of restitution based on international legislation. Th e research methodology is based on modern theoretical principles of “borrowing from archaeology” (according to G. Lucas), as an objective basis for building historical concepts, in contrast to the outdated dogmas of Marxist ideology, which re- quired from the beginning the creation of a certain concept followed by the selection of relevant facts. Scientifi c novelty determined by the fi rst attempt to create an information bank of the historical and cultural heritage of Podillia, which was removed from the museum of Russia, and to raise the question of its return. Conclusions. Th e fate of the historical and cultural heritage of Podillia in Russia remains an urgent question of modern Ukrainian science. We are talking about the search and creation of an information base, which includes a huge amount of written and archaeological sources, and other cultural values. According to the fi rst results of searches by Ukrainian researchers, it was established that 38 archaeological collections were removed from the territory of Podillia and transferred to various institutions of the Russian Federation. Th e vast majority of materials got to the Hermitage, others are in various scientifi c and museum institutions of St. Petersburg and Moscow. But the total volume and composition of exported materials has not yet been established. With the formation of independent Ukraine, the task of establishing the historical and cultural heritage seized in various ways, determining its scope, composition, losses, protection and preservation of national wealth became extremely acute. In the regional dimension, they refl ect the specifi cs of each territory and its community, acquire special importance in restoring the historical past of Ukrainian lands.
Review of sources for the history of Franciscan missions in Rus in the 13th – first third of the 15th century
Authors:   National Reserve «Davniy Halych», Stasiuk Andrii
Published: February 2024

The purpose of the article is the historical and archeographic analysis of the main group of written sources for the study of Franciscan missions in Rus` in the 13th – the fi rst third of the 15th century. Th e research methodology involves the application of the principles of scientifi c objectivity and historicism, a civilizational approach and non-legalism, which made it possible to study the problem without ideological or religious bias. During the studies, general scientifi c methods were used: logical, structural, classifi cation, statistics, as well as special meth- ods of historical science: comparative, systematic, chronological. Th e scientifi c novelty consists in the source-scientifi c analysis of a group of written monuments in order to reproduce as fully as possible the missionary activity of the Order of Friars Minor (lat. Ordo Fratrum Minorum, hereinaft er – OFM), refl ected in the political, social, economic and cultural life of Rus` in the 13th – the fi rst third of the 15th centuries . Conclusions. Th e source base of the research consists of a complex of various types, mostly published documents, which will require a comprehensive critical analysis in the future. Th e main body of sources of the proposed topic are archival and published documents, conventionally divided into act and narrative. Most of the act materials were published in archeographic publications of the 18th – 21st centuries. Th ese are mainly documents of a church and secular nature, narratives of minorites and “non-minorites” origin. Among descriptive sources, numerous Franciscan annals, chronicles, geographical, biographical and hagiographical works should be singled out, on the pages of which information about Rus` came through the empirical experience of the authors or people close to them. A signifi cant number of sources from the 16th to the 17th century, which oft en leaned towards the “tradi- tion of the order,” should be critically examined. Despite the considerable number of diverse archeographical publications outlined in this source-based review, it is worth noting that similar studies on the history of Franciscan missionary work in Rus` of the 13th – the fi rst third of the 15th centuries. need constant heuristic attention and critical analysis, taking into account the well-known “traditions” and “legends” of the order.
The documents on the history of the Sholom Aleichem State Jewish theater in the foundations of the State archives of the Chernivtsi region (1945-1950)
Authors:   Yuriy Fedkovich Chernivtsi National University, Bezarov Oleksandr
Published: February 2024

The purpose of the study is to analyze the content and nature of unpublished documents on the history of the Sholom Aleichem State Jewish Th eater, which are stored in the funds of the State Archives of the Chernivtsi Region. Th e research methodology is based on the principles of the concrete-historical approach, objectivity, comprehensiveness, and integrity, systematicity, as well as the use of the following methods – of analysis and synthesis, historical- genetic, historical-comparative, historical-typological, and problem-chronological. Th e scien- tifi c novelty is that, for the fi rst time in historiography, unpublished archival documents on the history of the Sholom Aleichem State Jewish Th eater from 1945 to 1950 have been circulated and analyzed. Th e main groups of documents are singled out, which refl ect the stages of forma- tion, development, and liquidation of the famous theater, namely: minutes of the meeting of the Th eater’s Artistic Council; posters of performances, annotations of plays, programs of con- cert performances of theater acting groups; acts of reception of theatrical performances; reports and information on the theater’s activities, orders and directives of the Arts Committee of the Soviet People’s Committee of the Ukrainian SSR, the Chernivtsi Regional Executive Committee, the theater directorate, in particular, on the celebration of the 20th anniversary of the theater and the organization of touring activities; information on calculation and payment of wages; theater profi ts; reports of the liquidation committee of the theater; act of documentary audit of the theater for 1949-1950 and other documents. Conclusions. It has been proven that these materials are an important historical source for the history of Jewish theatrical art. Th e Sholom Aleichem State Jewish Th eater turned out to be the last state Jewish theater (GOSET) that oper- ated on the territory of the USSR. It has been established that the “Chernivtsi” collection of docu- ments relates, fi rst of all, to the history of the Kyiv GOSET, whose staff did not fi nd themselves in Chernivtsi in 1945 of their own free will, but evidently enriched the cultural life of post-war Bukovyna with their talented creativity.
Images of Japan on the pages of the Katerinoslav press during the first World War
Authors:   Oles’ Honchar Dnipro National University, Lavrenko Valeriia , Dyachenko Olga ,   Oles’ Honchar Dnipro National University
Published: February 2024

The aim of the article is to analyze the reasons for the transformation of perceptions of Japan and the Japanese in Russian society from the image of an «enemy» during the Russo-Japanese War of 1904-1905 to an “ally” during the First World War and to deter- mine the components of these images based on the materials of the Katerinoslav press of 1914-1915. Results. As a result of the research, a number of articles from regional publications of the Katerinoslav region, stored in the collection of Dmytro Yavornitskiy Dnipropetrovsk National Historical Museum, and related to Russian-Japanese interactions during the First World War, were introduced into scientifi c circulation. Th e regional press of the Russian Empire, on the one hand, refl ected the government’s position, on the other hand, it was aimed at a reader who was less socially active and less inclined to analyze the geopolitical situation. Th e one who is the most interesting from the point of view of studying with the help of imagological tools, whom in the language of the time it was customary to call the term «everyman».Th e scientifi c novelty of this article lies in the fact that the analysis was based on a unique source complex of the provin- cial press, well preserved in the collection of the Dnipropetrovsk National Historical Museum named aft er D. I. Yavornytskyi. Th e provincial press is an excellent base for imagological intel- ligence regarding the generalized ideas of the most “average” representative of Russian society. Conclusions. Th e starting point for the formation of the image of Japan and the Japanese in Russian society during the First World War was the defeat of the Russian Empire in the Russo- Japanese War of the beginning of the 20th century, which was perceived very painfully, including by the people of Katerinoslav. Accordingly, Japan’s entry into the First World War on the side of the Entente (together with Russia) forced the Russian press to make a “180 degree turn” in rep- resentations of the Land of the Rising Sun. Japan appears in the provincial press of Katerinoslav as a proud country, a powerful military machine capable of opposing Germany in Tsingtao, a profi table trading partner and a supplier of weapons, which the Russian Empire desperately needed. In general, we can characterize the image of Japan through the prism of the Russian regional press as a benefi cial situational ally.
The Assessment of Hapanasan Hot Spring Nature Tourism Based on the Analysis of Working Areas for Nature Tourism Objects and Attractions
Authors: Siti Kholizah  , Rahmawaty  , Hamdani Harahap  , Mohd Hasmadi Ismail
Published: February 2024

Hapanasan Hot Spring Nature Tourism (HHSNT) is located in Rambah Tengah Baru Village, Rambah Sub-district, Rokan Hulu District, Riau Province. The area of HHSNT is 9 ha. This research aims to identify existing facilities in this area and assess the attractiveness, accessibility, environmental conditions, accommodation, infrastructure, and availability of clean water at this nature tourist location. In-depth interviews were conducted with 13 key informants. Direct observation was carried out by systematically observing and recording this region's potential nature tourist attractions. The analysis of working areas for nature tourism objects and attractions (Analisis Daerah Operasi-Objek Daya Tarik Wisata Alam/ADO-ODTWA) is used to determine the feasibility value of this tourist attraction. The results of this research show that the criteria value for attractiveness is 83.33%, the criteria for accessibility is 95.83%, the criteria for accommodation is 83.33%, the criteria for supporting facilities and infrastructure is 80%, the criteria for availability of clean water is 73.88%, and the criteria for socio-economic environmental conditions is 66.66%. Overall, the HHSNT area is worthy of development, with a percentage of 80.50%. The development of HHSNT can bring numerous benefits to the community, economy, and environment of Rokan Hulu. It can contribute to sustainable development while preserving the region's nature and cultural heritage for future generations