bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analisis Estetika pada Karya Seni Patung Dolorosa Sinaga
Authors: Patriansah Mukhsin
Published: November 2021

Karya seni merupakan wujud visual yang senantiasa mengkomunikasikan bahkan mengekspresikan gagasan dan pengalaman yang dilahirkan oleh sisenimannya. Di samping itu karya seni merupakan wujud visual yang senantiasa mengkomunikasikan bahkan mengekspresikan gagasan dan pengalaman yang dilahirkan oleh sisenimannya. Karya seni yang hadir merupakan representasi dari fenomena-fenomana yang ada di lingkungannya yang memiliki makna dan arti tertentu untuk dibedah dan dianalisis.Â  Menganalisis sebuah karya seni rasanya tidak adil kalau kita tidak menentukan konteks budaya dari zaman di mana karya seni itu dilahirkan. Dolorosa Sinaga merupakan seorang perempuan yang lahir di lingkungan suku Batak. Batak sendiri memiliki sitem kekerabatan Patrilineal. dalam susunan masyarakat Patrilineal yang berdasarkan garis keturunan bapak (laki-laki), keturunan dari pihak bapak (laki-laki) dinilai mempunyai kedudukan lebih tinggi serta hak-haknya juga akan mendapatkan lebih banyak. Penjelasan latar belakang seniman secara ringkas ini sudah menjadi referensi untuk dikembangkan dalam menafsirkan karya yang dianalisis nantinya. Makna dan pesan yang ingin disampaikan terlihat dari figur seorang ibu yang sedang menggendong anaknya. Ibu merupakan kaum perempuan yang tidak mendapat tempat tertinggi dikalangan suku batak, sehingga harta warisan sepenuhnya milik laki-laki. Penderitaan kaum perempuan tersebut tergambar dari ekspresi seorang ibu pada karya ini yang menderita dengan mulut yang terbuka. Mulut terbuka merupakan bagian dari kompleksitas pada karya ini karena memiliki arti dan makna yaitu seorang ibu yang ingin meminta pertolongan ketika seorang ibu tersebut ditinggal oleh kaum kaum laki-laki.
Indexes to evaluate risk based metrological performance in companies in the energy sector
Authors: Barrera García Aníbal , Feitó Cespón Michael , Cespón Castro Roberto
Published: November 2021

The metrological performance evaluation is a tool that allows feedback in the management of measurements and the monitoring of the results achieved by the organizations that apply it. In many companies this type of evaluation does not show relevant results, mainly due to limitations in the procedures and indicators used to carry it out.
The objective of this work was to develop metrological risk indices for the evaluation of metrological performance in companies in the energy sector. For the development of the research, three organizations belonging to said sector are selected. From the use in the organizations of the risk approach and interviews, document review, brainstorming and mathematical statistical methods, the metrological risk index and the risk index in metrological management are defined for companies in the aforementioned sector. The results achieved showed that it is possible to create this prototype tool, as well as its usefulness to provide feedback on the management of measurements, in addition to guiding the management decision-making process in metrological matters.
La hipocresía empresarial
Authors: Garzón Castrillón Manuel Alfonso
Published: November 2021

Este artículo de revisión tuvo como objetivo aportar a la comprensión de la importancia de la coherencia entre el decir y el actuar para evitar que las empresas sean percibidas desde la perspectiva de la hipocresía empresarial y afecten la marca, la reputación, la confianza y la credibilidad en la empresa. Se realizó con base en el Methodi Ordinatio abordando sus orígenes teóricos para luego acercarse al concepto, posteriormente incursionar en los diferentes estudios que se han aproximado a éste desde la responsabilidad social empresarial (RSE), la ética; la reputación, los grupos de interés (stakeholders), y la comunicación, posteriormente en relación a las consecuencias que genera en organizaciones conocidas mundialmente, sus declaraciones y la crítica realizada, posteriormente se hace un análisis de tres aspectos o facetas en las cuales se presenta a saber :la hipocresía moral; la hipocresía conductual y como atribuir la hipocresía empresarial, en el siguiente punto se presenta una tipología que involucra dos dimensiones: una orientación que hace referencia a la capacidad de atención, a corto y largo plazo de participantes al hacer o responder a acusaciones de hipocresía y una dirección temporal, la cual se refiere al punto de comparación, pasado o futuro, finalmente se llega a unas conclusiones, y unas implicaciones prácticas.
Stability assessment and process capability analysis in a food pasta company
Authors: González Álvarez Roxana , Barrera García Aníbal , Guerra Morffi Ana Beatriz , Medina Mendieta Juan Felipe
Published: November 2021

Statistical quality control is a set of tools and techniques that allows to verify, monitor and control the variability of processes to improve product quality and business competitiveness. The objective of this study was to evaluate the pasta production process of a company that belongs to the food industry sector in terms of stability and compliance of quality specifications.
The Six Sigma improvement methodology was used, which focuses on identifying and eliminating the causes of variation in the processes. Data collection was accomplished by the use of different techniques, such as: interviews, brainstorming, review of documents, teamwork and direct observation. In addition, process documentation techniques and classical quality tools including Pareto chart, control charts, process capability analysis, histogram, Ishikawa diagram and experimental design were used. Multivariate data reduction techniques were also applied.
The results showed for the quality characteristic Humidity that the process is out of statistical control and it is uncapable to meet the required specifications, for which the causes were investigated and improvement actions were proposed, achieving an increase in the sigma quality level.
Evaluación de la estabilidad y análisis de la capacidad del proceso de producción de una empresa de pastas alimenticias
Authors: González Álvarez Roxana , Barrera García Aníbal , Guerra Morffi Ana Beatriz , Medina Mendieta Juan Felipe
Published: November 2021

El control estadístico de la calidad es un conjunto de herramientas y técnicas que permiten verificar, monitorear y controlar la variabilidad de los procesos, para mejorar la calidad de los productos y la competitividad empresarial. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar el proceso de producción de pastas largas de una empresa perteneciente al sector de la industria alimentaria, en cuanto a estabilidad y cumplimiento de especificaciones de calidad.
Se utilizó la metodología de mejora seis sigma, la que se enfoca en identificar y eliminar las causas de variación de los procesos. Para la recopilación de información se utilizaron: entrevistas, tormenta de ideas, revisión de documentos, trabajo en equipo y observación directa. Se hace uso de técnicas de documentación de procesos y de herramientas clásicas de la calidad, entre las que se encuentran: diagrama de Pareto, gráficos de control, índices de capacidad de procesos, histograma, diagrama Ishikawa y diseño experimental. También se aplicaron técnicas multivariadas de reducción de datos.
Los resultados mostraron que para la característica de calidad humedad, el proceso está fuera de control estadístico y es incapaz de cumplir con las especificaciones requeridas, para la que se investigaron las causas y se propusieron acciones de mejora, lográndose un incremento en el nivel de calidad sigma.
Hyperthyroidisme pada Kehamilan
Authors: Nugroho Robby Cahyo
Published: November 2021

Hyperthyroidism is defined by abnormally high levels of thyroid hormones caused by increased synthesis and secretion of thyroid hormones from the thyroid gland. Physiological changes in pregnancy affect the function of the thyroid gland. The sharp increase in human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) from early pregnancy stimulates the thyroid gland to increase thyroid hormone production. hCG is a glycoprotein synthesized and released from the placenta, and stimulates the TSH receptor due to its structural similarity to TSH. Normal pregnancy produces a number of important physiological and hormonal changes that alter thyroid function. These changes mean that laboratory tests of thyroid function should be interpreted with caution during pregnancy. Thyroid function tests change during pregnancy due to the influence of two main hormones: human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), the hormone measured in pregnancy tests and estrogen, the main female hormone. The treatment of choice in pregnancy is antithyroid drugs (ATD). These drugs are effective in controlling maternal hyperthyroidism, but they all cross the placenta, thus requiring careful management and control during the second half of pregnancy taking into account the risk of fetal hyperthyroidism or hypothyroidism. An important aspect in early pregnancy is that the main side effect of taking ATD at 6-10 weeks of gestation is birth defects which can develop after exposure to the types of ATD available and may be severe. This review focuses on the management of overt hyperthyroidism in pregnancy, including the etiology and incidence of the disease, how the diagnosis is made, the consequences of untreated or inadequately treated disease, and finally how to treat overt hyperthyroidism in pregnancy. This review discusses the etiology, pathophysiology, and initial evaluation of hyperthyroidism in pregnancy, followed by a discussion of its treatment, management, and complications.
Mycophenolate Mofetil for a Flare Child Lupus Nephritis: A Case Reports
Authors: Puspita Gina , Desy Rusmawatiningtyas  , Sumadiono
Published: November 2021

Renal involvement is the most common complication of systemic lupus erythematosus(SLE) and is also an important predictor of patient mortality. The incidence of flaresis estimated at 65% each year in patients with lupus nephritis. Therapy in lupusnephritis with flare also uses high doses of steroid agents and strongimmunosuppression agent. Mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) as a immunosuppressionagent tends to favor for flare in lupus nephritis. We describe a patient who had flarein lupus nephritis that resolved with high-dose steroid and MMF. The combination ofimmunosuppression agent and high-dose corticosteroid is an effective for control ofactive diseases. Cyclophosphamide as the steroid sparing agent was discontinuedbecause of adverse effect as well as hematuria. Partial remission was later achievedand maintained with MMF and corticosteroid after five month with protocol treatment.Thus, MMF while maintaining the steroid dose may induce remission for this case.
Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy under Segmental Thoracic Spinal Anesthesia
Authors: Fitrisyah Aidyl , Rizal Zainal  , Edi Darwis
Published: November 2021

Introduction: Cholelithiasis or gallstones are hardened deposits of digestive fluid that can form in gallbladder. The treatment of gallstones depends upon the stage of disease. Once gallstones become symptomatic, definitive surgical intervention with cholecystectomy is usually indicated (typically, laparoscopic cholecystectomy is the first-line therapy). Laparoscopic cholecystectomy removes the gallbladder and gallstones through several small incisions in the abdomen. This case report aims to discuss the managent of segmental thoracic spinal anesthesia in laparoscopic cholecystectomy.

Case: We report on the cases of 2 patients who undego elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Female, 53 years old, will undergo laparoscopic cholecystectomy, performed anesthesia with segmental thoracic spinal anesthesiatechnique using the anesthetic agent 3 ml of Levobupivacaine 0,5% + 25 mcg of Fentanyl, requiring a sensory block to at least T10-T11 dermatom. Patients received a 1,2 mcg target control infusion (TCI) propofol intravenous is administered as intermittent boluses to achieve deep sedation. The operation lasts 1 hour, with a bleeding 15 cc and urine output 100 cc, hemodynamically stable. Female, 42 years old, will undergo laparoscopic cholecystectomy, performed anesthesia with segmental thoracic spinal anesthesia technique using the anesthetic agent 3 ml of Levobupivacaine 0,5% + 25 mcg of Fentanyl, requiring a sensory block to at least T10-T11 dermatom. Patients received a 3 mg of midazolam intravenous is administered as intermittent boluses to achieve deep sedation. The operation lasts 1 hour, with a bleeding 15 cc and urine output 150 cc, hemodynamically stable. The level and duration of sensory block, intensity and duration of motor block were recorded. A 20 % or more decrease in MAP compared to baseline was considered as hypotension, iv ephedrine 5 mgr bolus administreted.

Conclusion: Laparoscopy is a surgical procedure that uses minimally invasive surgical techniques (minimally invasive surgery) where the doctor uses a small telescope / camera that is inserted into the stomach and surgical instruments in mini form. This procedure has many advantages because it is not invasive, the amount of bleeding can be reduced, postoperative pain can be minimized. Regional anesthesia procedure in laparoscopic cholecystectomy based on several studies and case reports can be performed and is a safe procedure.
Eosinophilic Esophagitis: Atopy Conditions of the Esophagus
Authors: Zuleika Puspa
Published: November 2021

Eosinophilic esophagitis is an immune-allergic pathology of multifactorial etiology(genetic and environmental) characterized by major symptoms of esophagealdysphagia and eosinophil-predominant inflammation of the esophageal mucosathat affects both pediatric and adult patients. EoE is an immune-mediated diseaseby which environmental and food antigens stimulate the Th2 inflammatorycascade. It is correlated with food allergy and atopy condition such as asthma, atopydermatitis, rhinitis allergic and often in conjunction with Gastroesophageal RefluxDisease (GERD). Eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) was first described in the 1990s,showing an increasing incidence and prevalence since then, in the United States isestimated to be approximately 57 per 100,000 persons being the leading cause offood impaction and the major cause of dysphagia. Its symptoms, which includeheartburn, regurgitation, and esophageal stenosis. This symptomps similar to thoseof gastroesophageal reflux disease, causing delays in diagnosis and treatment. Theendoscopic findings such as furrows, esophageal mucosa trachealization, andwhitish exudates, this diagnosis should be confirmed histologically confirmed bybiopsy on the presence of more than 15 eosinophils per high-power field and theexclusion of other causes of eosinophilia. Management includes medications, diet,and surgical dilatation.
Zenker Diverticulum
Authors: Adelien Adelien
Published: November 2021

Zenker Diverticulum is a multifactorial disorder of the Killian’s triangle in thehypopharynx characterized by the main symptoms of dysphagia affecting theseventh and eighth decades of age and rarely under 40 years of age. The existenceof factors that cause an increase in the intraluminal pressure of the pharynx willlead to the formation of a pocket located in the Killian’s triangle, an area with weakertone of the hypopharyngeal wall and a decrease in relative pressure in theretropharyngeal space. Zenker Diverticulum was first described by Ludlow in 1769,who reported abnormal dilatation of the posterior pharyngeal wall on postmortemexamination of a patient who complained a lifelong dysphagia. Zenker Diverticulumis thought to be associated with increasing age in relation to motor musclecoordination for swallowing functions and GERD (gastroesophageal reflux disease).Symptoms include dysphagia, regurgitation, malnutrition, and recurrent aspirationpneumonia. Management includes invasive surgery and non-invasive endoscopy.
Acute Toxicity Testing of White Turmeric Extract (Curcuma zedoaria) on Histopathological Imaging of the Lungs
Authors: Ainge Rasbina Br Saragih  , Fiska Maya Wardhani  , Tandanu Erny , Rico Alexander
Published: November 2021

White turmeric (Curcuma zedoaria) is a type of plant whose extract contains compounds that can inhibit carcinogenesis. Acute toxicity test was conducted to determine the safe dose and lethal dose (LD) 50 from the use of a drug substance. This research aimed to determine the effect of the acute toxicity test of white turmeric extract on the histopathological imaging of the lungs. This study is an experimental study with a post test only control group design. A total of 30 Wistar rats was divided into six groups. Data analysis was using one-way ANOVA statistical test, while for lung histopathology using ordinal data which were analyzed descriptively. In conclusion, the acute toxicity test of white turmeric extract on Wistar rats was not toxic and there was no death and no toxic symptoms and no necrosis, congestion and inflammation were found on the histopathological picture of the lungs.
The Effect of Income and Social Status on Interests are not Smoking on Active Smokers
Authors: Putri Mutia Arnisa
Published: November 2021

Introduction. Smoking is a phenomenon in society that emerged as an area of interest in research within the last decade, moreover due to the high prevalence in young adults. WHO reported that in 2008, Indonesia held the 3rd position out of 10 countries with highest population and cigarette consumption worldwide. High interest of cigarette consumption due to income and social status of individuals yielded such devastating effects in every aspects of life. High cigarette consumption had caused economic and social burden that never stopped to arise. Aizen and Fishbain described that interest was a good predictor to determine behavioral aspect of cigarette smoking in individual. Planned behavior theory stated that interest or intention were the closest determinant factors of behavior. From the above explanation, there were several factors that could alter one’s interest to quit smoking viewed from income and social status aspects. This research was conducted to determine factors that influenced interest in smoking consumption, including the aspects of income and social status toward the interests of active smokers in Palembang to quit their smoking behavior.

Methods: The method used was qualitative research and data were taken by observations, focus group discussion (FGD) and in-depth interview. The informants were 15 active smokers from various backgrounds in Palembang that were selected by purposive sampling technique. In FGD, out of 15 informants, 10 were taken and divided into 2 groups, and the rest 5 informants were chosen for in-depth interview.

Results: Based on the three aspects of planned behavior theory, i.e. individual’s interest, subjective social norm, and behavioral control, the result showed that individual’s attitude did not influence the decision of active smokers to quit their smoking behavior, meant as not to quit but more inclined to reduce than to stop. Second, based on subjective social norm, from environment, parents, and peers, the result showed that this aspect could influence active smokers’ interest to quit smoking. Third, based on the aspect of behavioral control by individual’s income, the result showed that the income did not influence active smokers’ interest to quit smoking because they were more driven by their cravings for cigarette. Based on behavioral control by social status, the results showed that educational level and marriage status did have influence on active smokers to their smoking behavior, but not to stop, rather only to reduce. The aspect of jobs also did not have any influence on active smokers to quit their smoking behavior.

Conclusion: The aspect of income and job-related social status did not have any influence on active smokers to quit their smoking behavior, while social status viewed from educational level and marriage status yielded the influence on active smokers, but more inclined to reduce than to stop.
Analysis of Health Knowledge Factors Affecting Interest in Using an Electric Cigarette in Indonesia
Authors: Pratiwi Poppy Putri
Published: November 2021

Smoking is the activity of smoking a rolled tobacco wrapped and then burning and exhaling the smoke back out. Nowadays many smokers switch to using e-cigarettes. Nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) is a method that uses a medium to provide nicotine that is needed by smokers without burning tobacco. Electronic cigarette or e-cigarette is one of the NRT that uses electricity from battery power to provide nicotine in the form of steam. The purpose of this study was to determine the factors of health knowledge on the interest in using electronic cigarettes in Indonesia. This type of research is quantitative analytic research with cross sectional study approach. The subjects of this study were 6180 Indonesian people taken by using the Google form with consecutive sampling techniques. The study was conducted on 1 October until 13 October 2019. Data analysis was performed with the Chi-Square test and Logistic Regression on SPSS applications. The results of this study indicate that the knowledge of Indonesian people who agree to prefer not to have an interest in the use of electric cigarettes
E-Learning as a Learning Media in Primary Schools during Pandemic
Authors: Wahyuni Amanah Dwi
Published: November 2021

Currently, the world is faced with an outbreak of a disease caused by a virus known as covid 19. Along with the high number of positive cases of covid 19 in Indonesia, the government is urging to deal with this covid 19 pandemic immediately. Various policies have been carried out, such as implementing physical distancing, lockdown, and the 5M movement. The existence of these policies certainly impacts most aspects of life, especially in the education aspect. Learning that is usually done face-to-face becomes impossible. So that the government issues a policy so that the learning process can be implemented. One of the solutions offered by the government is to change face-to-face learning into online learning (in the network) using e-learning sites. E-Learning media is supported by various learning features that are made like face-to-face learning.
Application of the Discovery Learning Teaching Model in Mathematics Subjects
Authors: Rahmayanti Marina
Published: November 2021

Discovery learning itself occurs when individuals are involved, especially in using mental processes to find some concepts and principles. By using this model, students are required to carry out various activities to collect information, compare, categorize, analyze, integrate, reorganize materials and make their conclusions. In the discovery learning model, students are expected to be more active by processing information and mathematical concepts. Students are also able to make conclusions from the learning material that has been taught. This literature review was to obtain an overview of discovery learning models. From these results, it can be concluded that student learning achievement with a model of discovery learning differs significantly where the student learning achievement with a discovery learning model is higher than with the direct instruction model.
Overview of Puskesmas Leadership Understanding Coordination of Care Functions in Decline Non-Communicable Diseases (NCD) in the Work Area
Authors: Azka Dian Amalia
Published: November 2021

The Description of the head of local government clinic leadership understanding through the coordination of healths ervice Function In Decreasing Non Communicable Diseases (NCD) In the Working Area. Non-communicable diseases (NCD) such as heart and blood vessel disease, Diabetes Mellitus (DM), chronic lung disease, cancer (especially cervical and breast cancer) are among the health concerns of national and global concerns. To reduce the number of NCD required first-level health facilities in this case is the Puskesmas that can be the implementation of gatekeeper concept with the strengthening of four primary function of primary services, one of which is the coordination function. Therefore, it is necessary for leaders of puskesmas who have a good understanding of the coordination of care function to decrease NCD. This study aims to determine the description of the leadership of the puskesmas through the coordination of health in the decrease of Non Communicable Diseases (NCD) in its working area. This study is a descriptive study with cross sectional design, with a total sample of 37 respondents. The data were collected using questionnaires that have been tested for validity and reliability. Measurement results can be grouped into 3 categories of knowledge; ie good (if score 76% -100%), enough (56-75%), and less (<= 55%). From the results of the study, all respondents (37 respondents) had a total score above 76%, it can be concluded that the leaders of Puskesmas in Palembang City have a good understanding about the function of health coordination service in decreasing NCD in their working area.
Analysis of Diabetes Mellitus and Environmental Tobacco Smoke (ETS) Exposure as Lung Tuberculosis Risk Factors
Authors: Santi Riana Eka Emas , Aulia Hayyu Ravenia
Published: November 2021

Indonesia, is the country with the second highest lung TB case in the world. Some studies suggest there is a relationship between TB and diabetes. The smoking habit is also linked because it can damage the lung defense mechanism thereby facilitating the entry of TB germs. This research was conducted to analyze diabetes mellitus and exposure to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) as risk factors for pulmonary tuberculosis. This research is a quantitative analytic study with Case Control conducted in the TB Endemic Region in Palembang, namely the work area of ​​the Kertapati Health Center, Sei Selincah Health Center and 23 ilir Health Center in February to December 2018. Data were obtained from primary data obtained from questionnaires and examinations physical. The data obtained are presented in the form of a master tabulation and processed using the Chi-square test and T-test analysis. In this study showed no significant relationship between blood sugar levels when with tuberculosis status (p = 0.075).
A CHEBYSHEV PROJECTION METHOD FOR SOLVING SHALLOW-WATER EQUATIONS
Authors: Mahaman Nouri Y.A. , Bisso S.
Published: November 2021

The aims of this paper is to propose a numerical approach to simulate water flows in a 2D shallow medium. We consider the 2D Shallow water equations following the velocity-denivelation formulation. We solve these equations by a projection technique using a $\mathbb{P}_{N,M}$-type Chebyshev spectral approach which uses the Chebyshev-Gauss-Lobatto collocation points.
ІННОВАЦІЙНА СИСТЕМА ОСВІТИ І ПІКЛУВАННЯ ЗА ДІТЬМИ РАННЬОГО ТА ДОШКІЛЬНОГО ВІКУ
Authors: Voronov Volodymyr
Published: November 2021

Особистість людини формується ще в дошкільному віці. Надалі в шкільні та юнацькі роки особистість людини продовжує розвиватися. Проте найбільш сензитивний період для формування емоційно-ціннісного ставлення до пізнання, взаємодії із соціальним оточенням, саморозвитку є саме дошкільний вік. Освітня система «Освіта та піклування» (Education & Care) — перша комплексна система в дошкільній освіті, яка використовує сучасні освітні технології задля формування гармонійної особистості дитини та розвитку її лідерського потенціалу. Система включає в себе Програму освіти дітей раннього та дошкільного віку: «Освіта та піклування» (Education & Care), «Моніторинг рівня освітнього розвитку дитини», «Орієнтовне щоденне планування», рекомендації для батьків з освіти дітей, рекомендації для батьків з харчування та інші методичні й дидактичні матеріали. Основна цінність освітньої системи «Освіта та піклування» полягає в тому, що її може використовувати не тільки педагогічний працівник, а будь-який дорослий, що піклується про дитину раннього й дошкільного віку і займається її освітою, причому організувати ефективний освітній процес для дитини можна навіть удома.
Kramářské písně v rajhradské benediktinské knihovně
Authors: Pavelková Jindra
Published: November 2021

The Rajhrad collections currently contain 81 song prints that can be classified as broadside ballads. Most of them are stored in boxes, like many other small prints from the monastic library that came there in the 19th century. Only a few provenance notes make it possible to identify the original owners of at least some of the prints. The analysis has also shown that almost half of the ballads were printed in Brno workshops; these represent song production from Prague, Hradec, Králové, Jindřichův Hradec, Litomyšl, Jihlava, Znojmo, Vienna, the New Town of Vienna, Linz, Krems and Skalice. Other places of publication than Brno are represented only by individuals. For almost a quarter of the prints, the place and date of publication cannot be precisely determined. It is only known that they were printed sometime in the 18th century. The vast majority of songs are religious – only seven prints are devoted to a secular theme. The clearly predominant language of the printed production is German, because the only surviving bound collection of chapbooks (in Czech špalíček) consists exclusively of German songs. From the 1780s, Czech predominated in the press. The only rock print in the set is in Slovak.
‘Dragging Seventy Little Plaits of Her Across the Land of the Altai’: Haircare, Hairstyles, and Hair Ornaments of the Southern Altaians from Historical and Cultural Perspectives
Authors: Hejzlarová Tereza , Rychlík Martin
Published: November 2021

This study deals with haircare, hair ornaments, hairstyles, and hairrelated rituals of the Southern Altaians (Altai Kizhi, Telengits) and their development over time. Haircare has played an important role in Altaian society for centuries. It has been a ritual symbol, an indicator of gender, age, marital or social status. In context, hair has played a significant cultural and social role across societies and historical periods around the world. For this reason, haircare has also been sometimes included among the so-called cultural or human universals, i.e. phenomena that are common to all known human cultures in time and space.

The source of information for this study was the authors’ own field research, relevant literature and visual sources documenting the broader context of haircare. The issue is viewed from historical and cultural perspectives, with the main focus on the current haircare of the Altaian people in connection with changes compared to the past. The study focuses on selected phenomena that proved to be the most important in the field research in terms of their existence and the role they currently play in Altaian society. It does not therefore aim to cover the full breadth of the topic, but leaves room for further research on sub-topics.
Rudolf Dvořák’s Stay in Leipzig and Munich in the Light of Correspondence with Vojta Náprstek: a Selection of Documents
Authors: Crhák Ondřej
Published: November 2021

Rudolf Dvořak, one of the founding fathers of Czech Oriental studies, began his academic career as a student at the Faculty of Arts in Prague. In 1882 and 1883 he studied at the University of Leipzig, where he also successfully completed his dissertation. After finishing his studies, he continued his career at the Charles-Ferdinand University in Prague. He focused mainly mainly on the Chinese and Middle Eastern regions and translated many texts from these areas. Dvořak’s attitudes were under influence of patriotism and nationalism. This mindset, together with a focus on the study of Oriental studies, led Dvořak to Vojta Naprstek, who espoused the ideas of emancipation of the Czech nation and showed an interest in distant lands and cultures. The two men also shared the same attitude to science and scholarship in general. They wished to elevate Czech learning to a competitive level on the world stage and shared strong sense of patriotism. These two intellectuals were in active contact during Dvořak’s studies in Germany. Dvořak share his opinions, experiences and attractions from Leipzig and Munchen. In letters he described situation at university and information about its professors. This study brings an edition of these letters.
Photographs from an Excursion to North Africa in 1936
Authors: Šejbl Jan
Published: November 2021

The ethnographic photographic collection of the Náprstek Museum has two sets of photographic material documenting an excursion to North Africa, which was organized mainly for teachers in 1936 by the Excursion Department of the Central Association of Teachers in the Moravian-Silesian Lands. The main destinations of the excursion were Morocco, Algeria, and Tunisia. In 1961, the Náprstek Museum received a set of postcards which was collected by the writer Sida Volfová during the excursion. In the 1970s, teacher Karel Křížek donated three photo albums and loose photographs which he took during the excursion to the museum. Together with other preserved documents, it was possible to accurately reconstruct the course of the excursion and evaluate everything from both a geographic and thematic perspective.
Escenario laboral y nuevas perspectivas de empleo para los estudiantes del Centro Universitario de Jutiapa.
Authors: Oliveros Mencos Bani Antonieta
Published: November 2021

El estudio para determinar el escenario laboral de estudiantes el Centro Universitario de Jutiapa afectados por la pandemia COVID-19 contó con la participación de 558 estudiantes hombres y mujeres de seis carreras impartidas. Con enfoque mixto, nivel exploratorio y descriptivo, a través de una encuesta en línea se logró establecer que del 67% que estuvo en situación de empleo en los meses de marzo a agosto de 2020 experimentaron: reducción de la jornada laboral (119), suspensión temporal de contratos de trabajo (34),  goce de vacaciones anticipadas (08), y despidos (64). Se   determinó que el 50% desarrolló actividades como elaboración de alimentos para llevar, servicio de entrega a domicilio y ventas en línea para generar ingresos. Las actividades económicas más prometedoras para la creación de nuevos empleos están enfocadas en el teletrabajo, tutorías y asesorías en línea. Se identificó la innovación tecnológica y los emprendimientos como la clave para activar la economía. Las actividades en auge para promover el empleo son el comercio electrónico, servicio de cuidado de la salud, teletrabajo y turismo local las que demandan nuevas habilidades, tecnificación y profesionalización para optar a mejores oportunidades laborales.
 
Palabras Clave: Empleo, desempleo, confinamiento, competencias laborales, oportunidades.
Participación de la mujer en el desarrollo comunitario caso específico: COCODE Mataquescuintla
Authors: Herrera Jacobo Ana Rebeca
Published: November 2021

El artículo tiene como objetivo analizar un panorama sobre la participación de la mujer en el desarrollo comunitario a través de los Consejos Comunitarios de Desarrollo (COCODE) en el municipio de Mataquescuintla, departamento de Jalapa. Dicha participación fue cuestionada en la planeación, seguimiento y evaluación de proyectos comunitarios. El artículo describe los factores que determinan la participación de la mujer en el desarrollo comunal. Ejercer este derecho tiene un impacto significativo en la transformación de las comunidades y por ende en el desarrollo del país.
 
Palabras clave: Desarrollo comunitario, Participación social, Mujer, Factores determinantes, Desafíos
Einfluss der Lüftung auf den CO2- und den Aerosolpartikelgehalt in Räumen
Authors: Kaup Christoph
Published: November 2021

Bedingt durch die Corona-Pandemie werden heute verstärkt Raumlufttechnische (RLT) Anlagen und ergänzend sogenannte „Luftreiniger“ in Räumen eingesetzt. Bei RLT-Anlagen wird die mit Schadstoffen belastete Raumluft als Abluft abtransportiert und durch „Frischluft“ (unbelastete Außenluft) ersetzt, während bei Luftreinigern im Umluftverfahren Keime gefiltert oder abgetötet werden. Gasförmige Bestandteile der Raumluft können jedoch systembedingt von Luftreinigern nicht beeinflusst werden. Insbesondere kann der CO2-Anteil in der Raumluft nur durch einen „Frischluftaustausch“ reduziert werden.
Erster technischer Standard für die Dienstleistung Lüftungsreinigung
Authors: Weinberger Tina
Published: November 2021

Damit Lüftungssysteme hygienisch und im Sinne des Klimaschutzgesetzes auch energieeffizient betrieben werden können, spielt eine regelmäßige Reinigung der Luftleitungssysteme eine wichtige Rolle. So die Theorie. In der Praxis wurde die Reinigung und Hygiene bisher oft vernachlässigt. Um dies zu ändern, wurde nun in einer deutsch-österreichisch-schweizerischen Zusammenarbeit mit der VDI/ÖFR/SWKI 6022 Blatt 8 „Lüftungsreinigung“ der erste technische Standard für die Dienstleistung Lüftungsreinigung ausgearbeitet.
Planung und Technologien von Luft/Wasser-Wärmepumpen Teil 1
Authors: Schellhorn Martin
Published: November 2021

Mittlerweile sind sie hinlänglich bekannt – die Vorzüge von Luft/Wasser-Wärmepumpen. Und spätestens mit der neuesten Produktgeneration weniger Hersteller hat der effiziente Wärmeerzeuger auch endgültig den Sprung in den Gebäudebestand geschafft. Dieser dreiteilige Fachbeitrag gibt Praxistipps zur Planung sowie zum wichtigen Aspekt „Schallemissionen“ und zeigt anhand von vier unterschiedlichen Technologien die Vielfalt von Luft/Wasser-Wärmepumpen auf.
Increasing pupil size is associated with improved detection performance in the periphery
Authors: Eberhardt Lisa Valentina , Strauch Christoph , Hartmann Tim Samuel , Huckauf Anke
Published: November 2021

Visible light enters our body via the pupil. By changing its size, the pupil shapes visual input. Small apertures increase the resolution of high spatial frequencies, thus allowing discrimination of fine details. Large apertures, in contrast, provide a better signal-to-noise ratio, because more light can enter the eye. This should lead to better detection performance of peripheral stimuli. Experiment 1 shows that the effect can reliably be demonstrated even in a less controlled online setting. In Experiment 2, pupil size was measured in a laboratory using an eye tracker. The findings replicate findings showing that large pupils provide an advantage for peripheral detection of faint stimuli. Moreover, not only pupil size during information intake in the current trial n, but also its interaction with pupil size preceding information intake, i.e., in trial n-1, predicted performance. This suggests that in addition to absolute pupil size, the extent of pupillary change provides a mechanism to modulate perceptual functions. The results are discussed in terms of low-level sensory as well as higher-level arousal-driven changes in stimulus processing.
Cantilever signature of tip detachment during contact resonance AFM
Authors: Kalafut Devin , Wagner Ryan , Cadena Maria Jose , Bajaj Anil , Raman Arvind
Published: November 2021

Contact resonance atomic force microscopy, piezoresponse force microscopy, and electrochemical strain microscopy are atomic force microscopy modes in which the cantilever is held in contact with the sample at a constant average force while monitoring the cantilever motion under the influence of a small, superimposed vibrational signal. Though these modes depend on permanent contact, there is a lack of detailed analysis on how the cantilever motion evolves when this essential condition is violated. This is not an uncommon occurrence since higher operating amplitudes tend to yield better signal-to-noise ratio, so users may inadvertently reduce their experimental accuracy by inducing tip–sample detachment in an effort to improve their measurements. We shed light on this issue by deliberately pushing both our experimental equipment and numerical simulations to the point of tip–sample detachment to explore cantilever dynamics during a useful and observable threshold feature in the measured response. Numerical simulations of the analytical model allow for extended insight into cantilever dynamics such as full-length deflection and slope behavior, which can be challenging or unobtainable in a standard equipment configuration. With such tools, we are able to determine the cantilever motion during detachment and connect the qualitative and quantitative behavior to experimental features.
Highly stereocontrolled total synthesis of racemic codonopsinol B through isoxazolidine-4,5-diol vinylation
Authors: Ďurina Lukáš , Ďurinová Anna , Trejtnar František , Janotka Ľuboš , Messingerová Lucia , Doháňošová Jana , Moncol Ján , Fischer Róbert
Published: November 2021

A new highly diastereoselective synthesis of the polyhydroxylated pyrrolidine alkaloid (±)-codonopsinol B and its N-nor-methyl analogue, starting from achiral materials, is presented. The strategy relies on the trans-stereoselective epoxidation of 2,3-dihydroisoxazole with in situ-generated DMDO, the syn-selective α-chelation-controlled addition of vinyl-MgBr/CeCl3 to the isoxazolidine-4,5-diol intermediate, and the substrate-directed epoxidation of the terminal double bond of the corresponding γ-amino-α,β-diol with aqueous hydrogen peroxide catalyzed by phosphotungstic heteropoly acid. Each of the key reactions proceeded with an excellent diastereoselectivity (dr > 95:5). (±)-Codonopsinol B was prepared in 10 steps with overall 8.4% yield. The antiproliferative effect of (±)-codonopsinol B and its N-nor-methyl analogue was evaluated using several cell line models.
CABG versus myotomy in symptomatic myocardial bridge patients : A systematic Review and Meta-analysis protocol
Authors:   Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, Moridi Mina , Onikzeh Parinaz , Kazemi Aida , Zamanian Hadi
Published: November 2021

Review question / Objective: The aim of this study is to find which surgical intervention in myocardial bridge ( myotomy or CABG) is more effective in reducing adverse outcomes in symptomatic patients resistant to optimal medical therapy ? Condition being studied: Myocardial bridge : A myocardial bridge (MB) is a congenital heart defect in which a bridge of muscle fibers (myocardium) overlying a section of a coronary artery and the artery is squeezed and normal blood flow is disrupted. Most bridges don't seem to cause symptoms. However, some people can experience angina, or chest pain. In patients with symptoms, first line treatment is medication and if they have symptoms despite optimal medical treatment , invasive measures like CABG or myotomy should be taken.
Nauyaca: a New Tool to Determine Planetary Masses and Orbital Elements through Transit Timing Analysis
Authors: Canul Eliab F. , Velázquez Héctor , Gómez Maqueo Chew Yilen
Published: November 2021

The transit timing variations method is currently the most successful method to determine dynamical masses and orbital elements for Earth-sized transiting planets. Precise mass determination is fundamental to restrict planetary densities and thus infer planetary compositions. In this work, we present Nauyaca, a Python package dedicated to finding planetary masses and orbital elements through the fitting of observed midtransit times from an N-body approach. The fitting strategy consists of performing a sequence of minimization algorithms (optimizers) that are used to identify high probability regions in the parameter space. These results from optimizers are used for initialization of a Markov chain Monte Carlo method, using an adaptive Parallel-Tempering algorithm. A set of runs are performed in order to obtain posterior distributions of planetary masses and orbital elements. In order to test the tool, we created a mock catalog of synthetic planetary systems with different numbers of planets where all of them transit. We calculate their midtransit times to give them as an input to Nauyaca, testing statistically its efficiency in recovering the planetary parameters from the catalog. For the recovered planets, we find typical dispersions around the real values of ∼1–14 M
⊕ for masses, between 10–110 s for periods, and between ∼0.01–0.03 for eccentricities. We also investigate the effects of the signal-to-noise ratio and number of transits on the correct determination of the planetary parameters. Finally, we suggest choices of the parameters that govern the tool for the usage with real planets, according to the complexity of the problem and computational facilities.
Virial Halo Mass Function in the Planck Cosmology
Authors: Shirasaki Masato , Ishiyama Tomoaki , Ando Shin’ichiro
Published: November 2021

We study halo mass functions with high-resolution N-body simulations under a ΛCDM cosmology. Our simulations adopt the cosmological model that is consistent with recent measurements of the cosmic microwave backgrounds with the Planck satellite. We calibrate the halo mass functions for 108.5 ≲ M
vir/(h
−1
M
⊙) ≲ 1015.0–0.45 z
, where M
vir is the virial spherical-overdensity mass and redshift z ranges from 0 to 7. The halo mass function in our simulations can be fitted by a four-parameter model over a wide range of halo masses and redshifts, while we require some redshift evolution of the fitting parameters. Our new fitting formula of the mass function has a 5%-level precision, except for the highest masses at z ≤ 7. Our model predicts that the analytic prediction in Sheth & Tormen would overestimate the halo abundance at z = 6 with M
vir = 108.5–10
h
−1
M
⊙ by 20%–30%. Our calibrated halo mass function provides a baseline model to constrain warm dark matter (WDM) by high-z galaxy number counts. We compare a cumulative luminosity function of galaxies at z = 6 with the total halo abundance based on our model and a recently proposed WDM correction. We find that WDM with its mass lighter than 2.71 keV is incompatible with the observed galaxy number density at a 2σ confidence level.
Methanol at the Edge of the Galaxy: New Observations to Constrain the Galactic Habitable Zone
Authors: Bernal J. J. , Sephus C. D. , Ziurys L. M.
Published: November 2021

The Galactic Habitable Zone (GHZ) is a region believed hospitable for life. To further constrain the GHZ, observations have been conducted of the J = 2 → 1 transitions of methanol (CH3OH) at 97 GHz, toward 20 molecular clouds located in the outer Galaxy (R
GC = 12.9–23.5 kpc), using the 12 m telescope of the Arizona Radio Observatory. Methanol was detected in 19 out of 20 observed clouds, including sources as far as R
GC = 23.5 kpc. Identification was secured by the measurement of multiple asymmetry and torsional components in the J = 2 → 1 transition, which were resolved in the narrow line profiles observed (ΔV
1/2 ∼ 1–3 km s−1). From a radiative transfer analysis, column densities for these clouds of N
tot = 0.1–1.5 × 1013 cm−2 were derived, corresponding to fractional abundances, relative to H2, of f (CH3OH) ∼ 0.2–4.9 × 10−9. The analysis also indicates that these clouds are cold (T
K ∼ 10–25 K) and dense (n(H2) ∼ 106 cm−3), as found from previous H2CO observations. The methanol abundances in the outer Galaxy are comparable to those observed in colder molecular clouds in the solar neighborhood. The abundance of CH3OH therefore does not appear to decrease significantly with distances from the Galactic Center, even at R
GC ∼ 20–23 kpc. Furthermore, the production of methanol is apparently not affected by the decline in metallicity with galactocentric distance. These observations suggest that organic chemistry is prevalent in the outer Galaxy, and methanol and other organic molecules may serve to assess the GHZ.
European VLBI Network Observations of the Proposed Dual AGN SDSS J101022.95+141300.9
Authors: Veres Patrik Milán , Gabányi Krisztina Éva , Frey Sándor , Paragi Zsolt , Kun Emma , An Tao
Published: November 2021

During galaxy merger events, the supermassive black holes in the center of the galaxies may form a pair of active galactic nuclei (AGN) with kiloparsec-scale or even parsec-scale separation. Recently, optical observations revealed a promising dual-AGN candidate at the center of the galaxy SDSS J101022.95+141300.9 (hereafter J1010+1413). The presence of two distinct [O iii]-emitting point sources with a projected separation of ∼430 pc indicates a dual-AGN system. To search for AGN-dominated radio emission originating from the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) point sources, we carried out very long baseline interferometry observations. We resolved the radio structure of J1010+1413 and detected a single feature offset from the HST point sources and also from the Gaia optical position of the object. Our multiwavelength analysis of J1010+1413 inferred two possible interpretations of the observed properties challenging its proposed dual-AGN classification.