bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of intraoperative autologous transfusion techniques on perioperative hemoglobin level in idiopathic scoliosis patients undergoing posterior spinal fusion: A prospective randomized trial
Authors: Hasan M Shahnaz , Choe Ng Ching , Chan Chris Yin Wei , Chiu Chee Kidd , Kwan Mun Keong
Published: July 2017

Background:

Massive blood loss during posterior spinal fusion for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis remains a significant risk for patients. There is no consensus on the benefit of acute normovolemic hemodilution (ANH) or intraoperative cell salvage (ICS) in scoliosis surgery.

Methods:

Patients were randomized to one of two groups. Group A received ANH and ICS during operation, while group B received only ICS. Patients’ age, sex, height, weight, body blood volume, number of fusion level, Cobb angle, number of screws, duration of surgery, and skin incision length were recorded. Hemoglobin and hematocrit levels were obtained preoperatively and postoperatively (0 h and 24 h).

Results:

There were 22 patients in each group. There was no significant difference in total blood loss. The perioperative decrease in hemoglobin levels between preoperation and postoperation 24 h (group A 2.79 ± 1.15 and group B 2.76 ± 1.00) showed no significant difference ( p = 0.93). Group A observed a larger decrease in hemoglobin levels at postoperative 0 h relative to preoperative level (2.57 ± 0.82 g/dl), followed by a smaller decrease within the next 24 h (0.22 ± 1.33 g/dl). Group B showed a continued drop in hemoglobin levels of similar magnitude at postoperation 0 h (1.60 ± 0.67 g/dl) and within the next 24 h (1.16 ± 0.78 g/dl). One patient from group B received 1 unit of allogenic blood transfusion ( p = 0.33).

Conclusions:

The addition of ANH to ICS in posterior spinal fusion surgery for AIS resulted in a similar decrease in hemoglobin levels between preoperative values and at 24 h postoperatively.
Toxicological evaluation of alpha-galacto-oligosaccharides shows no adverse effects over a 90-day study in rats
Authors: Kruger Claire , Beauchamp Nicole , Modeste Virginie , Morel-Despeisse Fanny , Chappuis Eric
Published: July 2017

AlphaGOS®, an alpha-galacto-oligosaccharides product, is a mixture of bi-, tri- and tetrasaccharides derived from oligosaccharides in the raffinose family of oligosaccharides (RFOs), naturally occurring plant-derived sugars. RFOs are alpha α-1,6-linked chains of D-galactose attached to the 6-position of D-glucose and differ from the currently commercially available beta-galacto-oligosaccharides products in the chirality and glyosidic bonds. In order to determine the safety of AlphaGOS, rats were given 2000 mg AlphaGOS/kg/day daily via gavage over 90 days. Daily assessments of the animals showed no adverse clinical signs. No adverse treatment-related changes in feed consumption, body weight, clinical chemistry or hematology were noted. There were no adverse treatment-related changes in organ weights, gross or histopathology. Given these findings, it can be concluded that the no observed adverse effect level for AlphaGOS is greater than 2000 mg/kg/day.
From victims to actors: The role of children and young people in flood recovery and resilience
Authors: Mort Maggie , Walker Marion , Williams Alison Lloyd , Bingley Amanda
Published: July 2017

Following a series of recent devastating storms across England with large numbers of homes and businesses evacuated, and despite widespread consensus that further severe flooding is expected, a large section of the population continues to be excluded from developments in flood risk management. We argue that the absence of children and young people from assessments of both the effects of flooding and ways in which it can be mitigated, undermines the effectiveness and legitimacy of policy making. Drawing on in-depth participative research with two groups of flood-affected children and young people we show the range of ways in which they are affected by flooding, some ways they can be better supported, and then how their valuable experience can help shape positive change in policy and practice before, during and after floods. Children developed Flood Manifestos for Change in a direct challenge to their omission from flood governance. The Manifestos and the steps children took to advocate for them can be seen as acts of citizenship, highlighting the capacities of children and young people as flood actors, rather than flood victims.
Equipment and Processing Considerations for Thin Gauge PP Sheet
Authors: Lamont Paul R.
Published: July 2017

The extrusion of thin gauge sheet, defined here as having a thickness of less than 25 mils (0.63 mm), from nucleated polypropylene (PP) homopolymer can be difficult due to the rapid heat transfer and fast crystallization rate during the sheet forming/cooling process. It requires the proper extrusion equipment and special processing techniques which are explored in detail in this paper.

The extruder screw, flat die, and three roll stack must be designed specifically for thin gauge PP sheet. Successful extrusion requires careful manipulation of the following interdependent processing variables: roll temperature, melt temperature, die gap, roll gap, nip pressure, and air gap.
TCR-CXCR4 signaling stabilizes cytokine mRNA transcripts via a PREX1-Rac1 pathway: implications for CTCL
Authors: Kremer Kimberly N. , Dinkel Brittney A. , Sterner Rosalie M. , Osborne Douglas G. , Jevremovic Dragan , Hedin Karen E.
Published: July 2017

Key Points

T-cell activation induces TCR transactivation of CXCR4 to stabilize cytokine mRNA transcripts via a PREX1-Rac1–signaling pathway. Inhibition of the TCR-CXCR4–signaling pathway impairs TCR-dependent and TCR-independent cytokine secretion by CTCL cells.
Management of Malignant Bowel Obstruction Associated With GI Cancers
Authors: Franke Aaron J. , Iqbal Atif , Starr Jason S. , Nair Rajesh M. , George Thomas J.
Published: July 2017

For many patients with GI malignancies, the seeding of the abdominal cavity with tumor cells, called peritoneal carcinomatosis, is a common mode of metastases and disease progression. Prognosis for patients with this aspect of their disease remains poor, with high disease-related morbidity and complications. Uniform and proven practices that provide optimal palliative care and quality of life for these patients are needed. The objective of this review is to critically assess the current literature regarding palliative strategies in the management of peritoneal carcinomatosis and associated symptoms in patients with advanced GI cancers. Despite encouraging results in the select population where cytoreductive surgery and intraperitoneal chemotherapy are indicated, the majority of patients who develop peritoneal carcinomatosis in the setting of GI cancers have poor prognosis, with malignant bowel obstruction representing a common terminal phase of their disease process. For all patients with peritoneal carcinomatosis, aggressive symptom control and early multimodality palliative care as further outlined should be sought.
BMP signaling regulates satellite cell-dependent postnatal muscle growth
Authors: Stantzou Amalia , Schirwis Elija , Swist Sandra , Alonso-Martin Sonia , Polydorou Ioanna , Zarrouki Faouzi , Mouisel Etienne , Beley Cyriaque , Julien Anaïs , Le Grand Fabien , Garcia Luis , Colnot Céline , Birchmeier Carmen , Braun Thomas , Schuelke Markus , Relaix Frédéric , Amthor Helge
Published: July 2017

Postnatal growth of skeletal muscle largely depends on the expansion and differentiation of resident stem cells, the so-called satellite cells. Here, we demonstrate that postnatal satellite cells express components of the bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signaling machinery. Overexpression of noggin in postnatal mice (to antagonize BMP ligands), satellite cell-specific knockout of Alk3 (the gene encoding the BMP transmembrane receptor) or overexpression of inhibitory SMAD6 decreased satellite cell proliferation and accretion during myofiber growth, and ultimately retarded muscle growth. Moreover, reduced BMP signaling diminished the adult satellite cell pool. Abrogation of BMP signaling in satellite cell-derived primary myoblasts strongly diminished cell proliferation and upregulated the expression of cell cycle inhibitors p21 and p57. In conclusion, these results show that BMP signaling defines postnatal muscle development by regulating satellite cell-dependent myofiber growth and the generation of the adult muscle stem cell pool.
High-efficiency non-mosaic CRISPR-mediated knock-in and indel mutation in F0 Xenopus
Authors: Aslan Yetki , Tadjuidje Emmanuel , Zorn Aaron M. , Cha Sang-Wook
Published: July 2017

The revolution in CRISPR-mediated genome editing has enabled the mutation and insertion of virtually any DNA sequence, particularly in cell culture where selection can be used to recover relatively rare homologous recombination events. The efficient use of this technology in animal models still presents a number of challenges, including the time to establish mutant lines, mosaic gene editing in founder animals, and low homologous recombination rates. Here we report a method for CRISPR-mediated genome editing in Xenopus oocytes with homology-directed repair (HDR) that provides efficient non-mosaic targeted insertion of small DNA fragments (40-50 nucleotides) in 4.4-25.7% of F0 tadpoles, with germline transmission. For both CRISPR/Cas9-mediated HDR gene editing and indel mutation, the gene-edited F0 embryos are uniformly heterozygous, consistent with a mutation in only the maternal genome. In addition to efficient tagging of proteins in vivo, this HDR methodology will allow researchers to create patient-specific mutations for human disease modeling in Xenopus.
English Nominality and a View of the World.
Authors: Джиоева  , Dzhioeva Alesya
Published: July 2017

Suggested research deals with one of the most unique phenomena of the English language – nominality and specific character of its speech representation , that of noun syntactization, or the ability of the latter to correlate and reflect means of world conceptualization by the English ethnos and to specifically represent this by means of the English language. Taking roots in English noun potentials, nominality is formed at the level of syntax in the form of multiple nominal chain groups the ability of which to expand is theoretically unlimited and is restricted only by the requirements of communicative process.
This kind of functioning of nouns in an English speech allows to make a conclusion about noun syntactization or a kind of noun combination which results in a unique nominal structure often determining the speech itself. As a significant speech characteristic of English syntax it leads to the formation of linguistic characteristics, creating a specific nominal character of modern English. Being originally typical only of certain functional styles nominality broadens its representational sphere and becomes a characteristic of the whole of a language.
Based on V. Humboldt’s theory on language being a means of viewing the world the author makes conclusions on English nominality as a specific way of viewing the world by an English ethnos, conceptualization of this world in people’s mind and, finally, representation of this world within a language.
These statements are supported by linguistic materials and serve as an illustration of a specific nominal way of viewing the world by an English ethnos.
Numerically Safe Lower Bounds for the Capacitated Vehicle Routing Problem
Authors: Fukasawa Ricardo , Poirrier Laurent
Published: July 2017

The resolution of integer programming problems is typically performed via branch and bound. Nodes of the branch-and-bound tree are pruned whenever the corresponding subproblem is proven not to contain a solution better than the best solution found so far. This is a key ingredient for achieving reasonable solution times. However, since subproblems are solved in floating-point arithmetic, numerical errors can occur and may lead to inappropriate pruning. As a consequence, optimal solutions may be cut off. We propose several methods for avoiding this issue, in the special case of a branch-cut-and-price formulation for the capacitated vehicle routing problem. The methods are based on constructing dual feasible solutions for the linear programming relaxations of the subproblems and obtaining, by weak duality, bounds on their objective function value. Such approaches have been proposed before for formulations with a small number of variables (dual constraints), but the problem becomes more complex when the number of variables is exponentially large, which is the case in consideration. We show that, in practice, along with being safe, our bounds are stronger than those usually employed, obtained with unsafe floating-point arithmetic plus some heuristic tolerance, and all of this at a negligible computational cost. We also discuss some potential advantages and other uses of our safe bounds derivation.

The online supplement is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/ijoc.2017.0747 .
Product Quality in a Distribution Channel with Inventory Risk
Authors: Jerath Kinshuk , Kim Sang-Hyun , Swinney Robert
Published: July 2017

In many industries, product design and manufacturing lead times are sufficiently long that both the quality level of a product and the amount of inventory produced must be determined before a firm knows what the actual demand will be. In this paper, we conduct a theoretical analysis of such a setting. We first consider a centralized channel and characterize the optimal decisions by establishing relationships that must hold between the elasticity of cost of quality and the elasticity of revenue and show that quality and inventory are strategic substitutes. Next, we consider a decentralized channel with a wholesale price contract, in which a manufacturer determines quality and wholesale price, while a retailer determines inventory and retail price. We find that, different from the case without endogenous inventory, product quality can be higher in a decentralized channel compared to a centralized channel, and this is because a wholesale price contract shields the manufacturer from inventory risk. For both centralized and decentralized channels, we find that as demand uncertainty increases, quality decreases, while, different from the case without endogenous quality, inventory can be U-shaped. Interestingly, to mitigate the impact of demand uncertainty on profit, quality can be a more effective lever than inventory in a centralized channel; however, in a decentralized channel, quality is less responsive and inventory is more responsive to demand uncertainty than in a centralized channel.

The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mksc.2017.1041 .
Gender and Negative Network Ties: Exploring Difficult Work Relationships Within and Across Gender
Authors: Merluzzi Jennifer
Published: July 2017

This study applies a social network approach toward understanding gender and negative work relationships. Given that work is increasingly organized using diverse, informal work groups inside firms, we stand to benefit from better knowledge of whether and how negative interactions in the workplace may be gendered. Using rich network data collected inside two firms, this study examines the networks of professional managers citing a difficult work relationship (negative tie) revealing gender similarities and differences. Although women and men do not differ in their likelihood to cite a negative work tie, women are more likely (than men) to cite a woman as a negative tie. This propensity to cite a woman as difficult however is reduced among women who cite having more women in their social support networks at work compared with women citing fewer women for support. These effects remain robust to a host of controls and exploratory analyses that include analyzing the content of respondent explanations of the negative tie, formal rank differences between the respondent and target of the negative tie, and possible links to organizational commitment and subsequent employee exit. Overall, this study brings a fine-grained, relational perspective to the study of gendered negative work ties, contributing to scholarship on network disadvantage.
Crystal-Chemical Regularities and Identification Criteria in Fe-Bearing, K-Dioctahedral 1M Micas from X-ray Diffraction and Infrared Spectroscopy Data
Authors: Zviagina Bella B. , Drits Victor A. , Sakharov Boris A. , Ivanovskaya Tatiana A. , Dorzhieva Olga V. , McCarty Douglas K.
Published: July 2017

Iron-bearing K-dioctahedral 1M and 1Md micas are abundant in diverse geological environments and vary in composition from illite to celadonite through Fe-illite, Al-glauconite, and glauconite. The chemistry and structural features of these micas are complex and heterogeneous, reliable diagnostic criteria are lacking, and the conventional mineralogical nomenclature is ambiguous, which complicate the identification of these mica varieties. The objectives of the present study were to reveal the structural and crystal-chemical variability in Fe-bearing, K-dioctahedral 1M micas and to define composition ranges and identification criteria for the mica varieties in the series. A collection of samples of various compositions was studied using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. Analysis of the relationships between unit-cell parameters and cation composition showed that the series included four groups, namely, Fe-bearing illites, Al-glauconites, glauconites, and celadonites and each group was characterized by a specific combination of unit-cell parameters and variation ranges. The illite group contained two distinct subgroups; Fe-bearing, Mg-rich illites and Feillites; which differ in the range of cation compositions and in FTIR characteristics. The boundary between Fe-illites and Al-glauconites occurs at a unit cell b value of ~9.05 Å and at ratios of octahedral Al to total trivalent octahedral cations that range between 0.60 and 0.65. The partially overlapping cation composition and cell parameter ranges may complicate the distinction between Al-glauconites and glauconites, which can still be unambiguously differentiated using FTIR data. The dramatically different XRD and FTIR characteristics confirmed that glauconite and celadonite should be treated as separate mineral species. The distinctive features of celadonite are relatively low csinβ values and reduced |ccosβ/a| values combined with b parameters lower than glauconites, but similar to Fe-illites. Celadonites also have distinct and sharp FTIR absorption bands at specific positions in the Si-O and OH stretching regions.
La obra gráfica de Andrés Nagel en la decada de los setenta
Authors: Macazaga Lanas Leire
Published: July 2017

En el presente artculo se analiza la obra gráfca del polifacétco artsta Andrés Nagel durante la década de los setenta. Observamos cómo en sus grabados, al igual que sucede en el resto de su producción artstca, se produce una búsqueda constante a través de diferentes materiales, técnicas y estlos que evidencian su espíritu transgresor e innovador. Se analizan sus inicios en la práctca del grabado, así como los talleres a los que recurre para instruirse en las diversas técnicas que aplica con gran pulcritud. Se puede concluir afrmando que sus grabados son un fel ejemplo de su versatlidad y el refejo de su fuerza vital y marcado carácter experimental.
Marcel Duchamp, Diario de un Seductor
Authors: Renart González Diego
Published: July 2017

La vida-obra de Marcel Duchamp es factible gracias a la posibilidad, a su expansión. Como artista clandestino conciliador de opuestos, amplía la cotidianidad a través de la imaginación, de la ironía, incorporando en objetos de arte obsesiones de nuestro permanente interés. Una de ellas es la erótica, y al igual que en el ámbito de la ironía, Sören Kierkegaard y el Diario de un Seductor se convierten aquí en cómplices para configurar una secuencia plástica de incierto precedente visual, que será la clave, sin embargo, para el desarrollo de su futura expresión.
Culto e iconografía de los corazones de Jesús y María en el ámbito jesuítico vasco-navarro
Authors: Ortega Mentxaka Eneko
Published: July 2017

La devoción por el Sagrado Corazón de Jesús arraigó con fuerza en el seno de la Compañía de Jesús, hasta el punto de convertirse los jesuitas en los mayores difusores de este culto. De forma paralela, también se dedicaron a promover su fervor por el Inmaculado Corazón de María, derivado del anterior. En los antiguos colegios que la orden ignaciana construyó en el País Vasco y Navarra se han conservado seis representaciones de la Santa Víscera de Cristo y tres de la de María, cuyos modelos iconográficos son dos tratados teológicos escritos por autores jesuitas.
El sagrario de Durana (Álava). Una microarquitectura eucarística modélica de hacia 1595
Authors: Erkizia Martikorena Aintzane
Published: July 2017

En este artículo se estudia un sagrario romanista que, por sus características arquitectónicas, escultóricas e iconográficas, se puede calificar como ejemplar dentro del panorama artístico alavés de finales del siglo XVI. En esta época se impusieron en la diócesis de Calahorra-La Calzada las nuevas disposiciones trentinas, que reclamaban una mayor atención a los muebles eucarísticos, y los artistas supieron responder a esa nueva demanda devocional con un nuevo estilo artístico, triunfal, y de clara influencia miguelangelesca, que denominamos Romanismo.
Unibertsitateko irakasleen profesionalizazio baterantz: azterketa teorikoa
Authors: Madinabeitia Alba , Fernández Idoia
Published: July 2017

El desarrollo docente es reconocido como un factor relevante para la mejora de la calidad educativa en las instituciones de educación superior. No obstante, detrás de este término se esconden concepciones y prácticas diferentes. Este trabajo pretende analizar los cambios y continuidades de este concepto a lo largo del tiempo y comprender profundamente la complejidad de sus significados, para lo cual abordaremos la construcción de estos significados en sus contextos de producción socio-histórica y de investigación científica. Esta perspectiva de análisis nos permite concluir que se ha ido transitando desde un enfoque orientado a apoyar al profesorado en su desarrollo como docente, profesional y/o académico, hacia otro, enfocado a favorecer procesos de enseñanza-aprendizaje efectivos a nivel micro y macro. Estos desafíos explicitan la necesidad de fomentar visiones más amplias que, más allá del profesorado, fijen la atención en las organizaciones, los marcos y las infraestructuras que se dirigen a la enseñanza-aprendizaje.
Estrategias informativas tras el comunicado de la OMS sobre la carne y el cáncer: selección de fuentes y argumentos
Authors: Armentia Vizuete José Ignacio , Olabarri Fernández María Elena , Marín Murillo Flora
Published: July 2017

El comunicado emitido por la OMS el 26 de octubre de 2015 acerca de la cancinogenicidad de la carne roja y sus derivados alcanzó una amplia respuesta en los medios de comunicación españoles. Tras la alarma mediática inicial, la prensa trató de relativizar las advertencias de la OMS recabando los puntos de vista de diferentes expertos y mediante el empleo de argumentos tranquilizadores. En este artículo se analizan las estrategias informativas de El País, El Mundo, La Vanguardia y El Correo sobre este tema durante las tres semanas posteriores a la publicación del comunicado de la OMS.
Innovación y adaptación estratégica en el escenario convergente: la respuesta de las empresas informativas de la Comunidad Autónoma Vasca
Authors: Larrondo Ureta Ainara
Published: July 2017

Las rutinas productivas multisoporte y las tendencias hacia la convergencia de medios vienen impulsando notables adaptaciones en las compañías mediáticas. El artículo explica los avances experimentados en este contexto convergente por cinco empresas de medios impresos y dos audiovisuales con sede en la Comunidad Autónoma Vasca. Esta investigación cualitativa considera indicadores clave como la visión estratégica empresarial, la estructura interna de las redacciones y las rutinas de producción, entre otros. Según se concluye, una actitud proactiva y una aplicación flexible de las innovaciones son requerimientos decisivos para avanzar con éxito en los procesos de convergencia de medios, más si cabe en los ámbitos comunicativos regionales o autonómicos.
LAS APLICACIONES DE LAS SMART CITIES COMO ESTRATEGIA DE PROMOCIÓN TERRITORIAL: ANÁLISIS COMPARATIVO DE CASOS INNOVADORES
Authors: Sánchez Martínez María , Barceló Ugarte Teresa , Cabezuelo Lorenzo Francisco
Published: July 2017

El fenómeno de las ciudades inteligentes representa el desarrollo lógico y natural de las ciudades tradicionales debido a la mejora de las tecnologías de la comunicación aplicadas a los servicios que prestan diariamente. Los ciudadanos y los contenidos que van dirigidos a ellos deberían ser prioritarios, sin embargo parecen estar ausentes en la gran mayoría de estudios e investigaciones. Este trabajo se centra en el análisis de aplicaciones digitales de ciudades españolas pioneras en el área de las smart cities y de las innovaciones que mejoran la participación de los ciudadanos y su integración en el nuevo ecosistema digital.
Sentir el sentido del filme: la dimensión corporal de la composición visual en la teoría de Serguéi M. Eisenstein
Authors: Aertsen Víctor
Published: July 2017

Estableciendo trayectorias atencionales mediante sus composiciones, las películas pueden mover corporalmente a sus espectadores, induciéndoles determinadas experiencias cinestésicas. Pero se trata de un recurso sobre el que pocos autores han reflexionado hasta la fecha. El presente texto pretende rescatar las reflexiones de Serguéi M. Eisenstein sobre dicha posibilidad expresiva del medio. Reflexiones raramente mencionadas como parte seminal de su legado teórico, dada la dispersión de su publicación, pero que resultan reveladoras para entender una dimensión estética del arte cinematográfico que comienza a penetrar la agenda investigadora de los teóricos cognitivos y fenomenológicos del cine.
Análisis de Twitter como fuente, recurso de interacción y medio de difusión para los periodistas vascos
Authors: Garcia Mikel , Marta-Lazo Carmen
Published: July 2017

El objetivo del presente estudio es descubrir el valor, la influencia y el uso de la red social Twitter como herramienta periodística entre los profesionales vascos de la comunicación. Se ha analizado el uso de Twitter por parte de los comunicadores de los cinco periódicos generalistas más vendidos y leídos del País Vasco: El Correo, El Diario Vasco, Deia, Gara y Berria.
iCap: Intralingual Captioning for Writing and Vocabulary Enhancement
Authors: Talaván Noa , Lertola Jennifer , Costal Tomás
Published: July 2017

The research on the use of active captioning or subtitling in foreign language learning has considerably increased in the course of the last decade, although there is still lack of evidence as regards the potential advantages of intralingual captioning in this context. The present project attempts to fill this void by analysing the didactic use of intralingual subtitling in a distance learning environment both in terms of written production and vocabulary acquisition. To this end, a total number of 41 undergraduate English B1 students have been working on 10 sequenced subtitling activities using short pre-selected videos taken from an American sitcom in the course of a month and a half. Peer-to-peer assessment has also been fostered during the project through active use of online forums. The conclusions confirm the expected benefits as far as writing and vocabulary skills enhancement is concerned and provide further insights into how to best implement this practice.
Telling the true Gibraltarian Story: an Interview with Gibraltarian writer M.G. Sanchez
Authors: Seoane Elena
Published: July 2017

Born in Gibraltar in 1968, writer M. G. Sanchez moved to the UK to study English Literature at the age of twenty-seven, where he has lived ever since, with interludes in New Zealand (2004), India (2005-2008) and, more recently, Japan (2014-2016). He took BA, MA and PhD degrees at the University of Leeds, completing his studies in 2004 with a thesis exploring perceptions of ‘hispanicity’ in Elizabethan and Jacobean literature. His first publication was Rock Black: Ten Gibraltarian Stories, a collection of short narratives. Since then he has written three novels on Gibraltar – The Escape Artist, Solitude House and Jonathan Gallardo – as well as numerous stories and essays. His latest work, Past: A Memoir, was published in October 2016, and explores his own family history on the Rock.
Trends of Paediatric Nutrition in Developing Countries
Authors: Sutedjo R.
Published: July 2017

An infant born and reared in an ade-quate environment will obtain growthand development adequately and de-velop his genetic potentials to becomean adult member of his communityoptimally in quality.Such is in average the case in develo-ped countries.In developing countries, however, pro-bably infants of only 10 to 20% ofthe population could be categorizedas such.
The Treatment of Bronchopneumonia in Children With Urfamycin
Authors: Ch. Harry Hardjatno , Tagor A. H. , Asfar Ali , Akif B. M. , Assin M. Sutan
Published: July 2017

The aim of this study is to evaluatethe clinical responses of the thiam-phenicol in bronchopneumonia inchildren under 2 years of age, whowere hospitalized in the Departmentof Child Health, Dr. Tjiptomangunku-sumo General Hospital, in comparisonwith Penicillin-Chloramphenicol.
Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever: Problems and Progress
Authors: Nimmannitya Suchitra
Published: July 2017

The paper represents a climcal reappraisal of dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) and the author’s purpose to briefly review and discuss the pertinent data obtained to date. The most frightening picture of DHF that clearly differentiates this new clinical entity from the classical dengue illness and contribute to its cause of death is the shock syndrome.
Problems and Solution of Malabsorption Syndrome in Indonesia
Authors: Suharjono Suharjono , Sunoto Sunoto , Budiarso Aswitha , Pusponegoro Titut S. , Tumbelaka W.A.F.J.
Published: July 2017

I. Problems of malabsorption syndrome in developing countries like lndonesia are associated especially with :(1) Protein Calorie Malnutrition(2) Low Birth Weight(3) Gastroenteritis(4) Post bowel surgery(5) Being unused to drink milk after weaning.They show a big difference with those in developed countries where they usually are correlated with a.o. coeliac disease, cystic fibrosis, etc.II. Solving the problems :a. Since in diarrhoeal patients, with or without PCM, sugar intolerance and or fat malabsorption usually occur, a formula consisting of low or freelactose with easily absorbable fats i.e. MCT or UFA, might be the best solution as a refeeding regimen.b. Besides treating the malabsorption syndrome, other measures are much more important i.e correction of fluid and electrolyte imbalance and treatment of predisposing condition.
Some Problems of Thalassemia in Jakarta
Authors: Wahidiyat Iskandar , Markum A.H. , Abdulsalam M. , Muslichan S.
Published: July 2017

Within 10 years (1964 - 1974) two hundred and twenty one thalassemic children were observed in the Department of Child Health, Medical School, University of Indonesia in Jakarta. They consisted of 119 cases of thalassemia major, 95 thalassemia Hb E disease, 6 Hb H disease and 1 thalassemia Hb S disease. The main treatment of thalassemia major is still blood transfusion. Splenectomy was performed on 29 children with thalassemia major and 26 cases with thalassemia Hb E disease. Splenectomy performed on cases before hypersplenism appeared, showed better results then those late cases who have already symptoms of hypersplenism. Beside the medical points of view thalassemia has also many social aspects to be considered, those of the child itself, the parents and the society or community.
The Hazardous Effect of Short Birth Interval on Physical Growth. A 4 - Case Study
Authors: Rasjid Aliamram , Kurdi Rachmat , Sudiyanto Sudiyanto , Noer Zainulbahri
Published: July 2017

A case study of the hazardous effect of short birth interval upon the physical growth of four siblings of a middle-class, well-educated family has been undertaken. For the purpose of the study the records of four siblings were retrospectively evaluated to the age of 18 months. This study revealed that short interval between birth and the next conception exerted great influence on the physical growth as shown by the weight curve.
Age at Menarche and Menstrual Pattern of Elementary School Students in Medan
Authors: Nurdiani Nurdiani , Kamelia Evi , Andid Rusdi , Ariani Ani , Hakimi Hakimi , Hamid Endang D
Published: July 2017

This study aimed to determine the age at menarche and its influencing factors and the pattern of menstrual cycles in elementary school students in Medan. Subjects were 227 female students in six primary schools (private and government) in Medan municipal, during October until November 1995. Most students experienced menarche in government primary school (GPS: 35.8%) and private primary school (PPS: 24%), at the age of 10-12 years. The mean age at menarche of these students in government primary school was 11.41 (SD 0.95) years while in private primary school it was 10.65 (SD 0.78) years. Subjects who had had menarche had better nutritional status than who had not (p<0.001). Sports activities are also associated with age at menarche (p<0.001). On the other hand family's economical status and maternal age at menarche were not significantly associated with age at menarche (p>0.05). Most students who had had menarche had regular menstrual cycle; the duration of menarche was 4-6 days for GPS and 3 days for PPS. Dysmenorrhea was a common finding in the first three months of menstruation cycle but gradually diminishing with time. The duration of menstrual cycle was 25-34 days. These findings are useful as a guide for the parents, especially when mothers planning the best time/ the moment to discuss about reproduction and sexual counseling with her daughter.
Face Recognition using Segmental Euclidean Distance
Authors: Sayeed Farrukh , Hanmandlu Madasu , Ansari Abdul Quaiyum
Published: July 2017

In this paper an attempt has been made to detect the face using the combination of integral image along with the cascade structured classifier which is built using Adaboost learning algorithm. The detected faces are then passed through a filtering process for discarding the non face regions. They are individually split up into five segments consisting of forehead, eyes, nose, mouth and chin. Each segment is considered as a separate image and Eigenface also called principal component analysis (PCA) features of each segment is computed. The faces having a slight pose are also aligned for proper segmentation. The test image is also segmented similarly and its PCA features are found. The segmental Euclidean distance classifier is used for matching the test image with the stored one. The success rate comes out to be 88 per cent on the CG(full) database created from the databases of California Institute and Georgia Institute. However the performance of this approach on ORL(full) database with the same features is only 70 per cent. For the sake of comparison, DCT(full) and fuzzy features are tried on CG and ORL databases but using a well known classifier, support vector machine (SVM). Results of recognition rate with DCT features on SVM classifier are increased by 3 per cent over those due to PCA features and Euclidean distance classifier on the CG database. The results of recognition are improved to 96 per cent with fuzzy features on ORL database with SVM.

Defence Science Journal, 2011, 61(5), pp.431-442, DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.14429/dsj.61.1178
Automatic Selection of Initial Points for Exploratory Vessel Tracing in Fluoroscopic Images
Authors: Boroujeni Farsad Zamani , Wirza Rahmita , Rahmat O. K. , Mustapha Norwati , Affendey Lilly Suriani , Maskon Oteh
Published: July 2017

Automatic extraction of vessel centerlines has been an essential process in most of the image guided diagnosis and therapy applications. Among a considerable number of methods, direct exploratory tracing method is known to be an efficient solution for reliable extraction of vessel features from two-dimensional fluoroscopic images. The first step of most automatic exploratory tracing algorithms is collecting a number of candidate initial seed points and their initial tracing directions. To detect reliable initial points, a validation step is required to filter out the false candidates and avoid unnecessary tracing. Staring from reliable initial points, the algorithm efficiently extracts the centerline points along the initial direction until certain pre-defined criteria are satisfied. However, most of these algorithms suffer from incomplete results due to inappropriate selection of the initial seed points. The conventional seed point selection algorithms either rely merely on signal-to-noise ratio analysis, which results in a large number of false traces, or impose a set of strict geometrical validation rules that lead to more false negatives and require more computation time. This paper presents a new method for efficient selection of initial points for exploratory tracing algorithms. The proposed method improves the performance upon existing methods by employing a combination of geometrical and intensity-based approaches.

Defence Science Journal, 2011, 61(5), pp.443-451, DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.14429/dsj.61.1179
Air Object Height Estimation with 2-D Radars using Fuzzy Logic
Authors: Murthy SGK , Murthy M.V.R.
Published: July 2017

Multi sensor tracking is a widely used technique in aerospace applications to estimate the target kinematics precisely. Particularly naval-based tracking systems utilize, different types of Radars (2-D, 3-D) in multi sensor tracking scenario for robust estimation. As the supplied information from 2-D Radar contains only range and azimuth values, it is difficult to estimate the height of an air object using 2-D Radar. In order to over come the limitation, a geometric method is considered to combine the information obtained from two 2-D Radars located in two different locations. As the solution of the geometric method depends upon certain geometric features, it is not possible to get good results with one pair of sensors. However to obtain better results, it is proposed and experimented more than two 2-D Radars that combined with a fuzzy logic based validation. This paper discusses the issues related to 2-D Radar tracking and the method comprising Triangulation geometry and fuzzy logic based validation method to improve the height estimation accuracy in real time.

Defence Science Journal, 2011, 61(5), pp.485-490, DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.14429/dsj.61.403
Effect of Lanthanum Substitution on the Structural, dielectric, Ferroelectric and Piezoelectric Properties of Mechanically Activated PZt Electroceramics
Authors: Kumar Ajeet , Prasad V.V. Bhanu , Raju K.C. James , Sarkar Rajdeep , Ghosal P. , James A.R.
Published: July 2017

Different compositions of (Pb1-xLax) (Zr0.60Ti0.40)O3 (abbreviated as PLZT x/60/40; x=0, 0.07, 0.08 and 0.10) ceramics were prepared by a combinatorial approach by high energy mechano-chemical ball milling and cold isostatic pressing (CIP). X-ray diffraction patterns and transmission as well as scanning electron microscope were used for the micro-structural and morphological studies. The average particle size of PLZT milled powders was measured from the TEM images and was found to be in the nm range.XRD patterns of the sintered PLZT x/60/40 ceramics confirm the perovskite phase formation after heat treatment. SEM of sintered PLZT x/60/40 ceramics show a close packed dense structure. PLZT 8/60/40 ceramics show the fine grains (~1.3 µm) with density ~97 per cent. Dielectric constant and loss were measured as a function of temperature. PLZT 8/60/40 ceramics shows the highest value of room temperature dielectric constant ~2480 at 1 kHz. Ferroelectric studies were done with the help of polarisation (P-E) and strain (S-E) vs. electric field measurements. PLZT 8/60/40 ceramics shows the maximum value of remnant polarisation (~36 µC/cm2) and strain (~0.27 per cent), respectively. PLZT x/60/40 ceramic samples were poled at optimized poling conditions. The measured values of piezoelectric charge coefficient (d33) and electromechanical coupling factor (kp) of PLZT 8/60/40 ceramics were found to be, ~690 pC/N and ~71 per cent, respectively.
Effect of Ag+ ion Concentration on the Reaction Kinetics and Shape of Nanoparticles Synthesised by Green Chemical Approach
Authors: Kamal S.S. Kalyan , Vimala J. , Sahoo P.K. , Ghosal P. , Durai L.
Published: July 2017

The effect of varying Ag+ ion concentration on the green chemical reaction with a fixed tea aliquot concentration has been studied in detail with the help of UV-visible absorption spectra. With increase in the concentration of Ag+ solution the position of surface plasmon band systematically increased from 435 nm – 450 nm. The reaction followed first order kinetics and the rate of reaction increased in a linear fashion with k = 3.54 x 10-4 min-1 for 0.5 mL to k = 1.86 x 10-3 min-1 for 3.0 mL Ag+ solution. X-ray diffraction patterns showed an enhanced (200) reflection for 3.0 mL Ag sample. The shape of Ag nanoparticles could be effectively tuned from spherical to cuboid with increase in silver content as evidenced from scanning electron and transmission electron micrographs. The average particle size of Ag NPs increased from 25 nm to 55 nm with increase in the Ag+ content of the reaction.
Bioactive Hybrid Composite Membrane with Enhanced Antimicrobial Properties for Biomedical Applications
Authors: Davis Abin , K. Balasubramanian
Published: July 2017

 

 Azadirachta indica extract has been explored as an antibiotic in hygienic chitosan matrix system to enhance antimicrobial and medicinal property in a cost effective manner. The hygienic composite system has been successfully fabricated via solvent casting. The antibacterial activities of the hybrid system were examined by agar diffusion method against gram positive S.aureus and gram negative K. pneumoniae. From conventional antibacterial test for 24 h, the system exhibited an excellent antimicrobial activity against both bacterial strains in ranges of 1.2 cm - 1.5 cm for S. aureus and 1.8 cm - 2.3 cm for K. pneumoniae Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy revealed successfully embedded A. indica on the chitosan substrate via weak electrostatic interaction, resulting in the easy release of the additive. Moreover, atomic force microscopy showed a membrane roughness of 0.084 nm which confirms the uniform distribution of the additive throughout the membrane. These hybrid membranes have potential applications in skin tissue engineering, wound healing and as coatings for implantable scaffold material.
AlPO4-C Composite Coating on Ni-based Super Alloy Substrates for High Emissivity Applications : Experimentation on Dip Coating and Spray Coating
Authors: Roy Subir , Reddy S. Rangaswamy , Sindhuja P. , Das Dipak , Bhauprasad V.V.
Published: July 2017

High emissivity coating was developed on Ni-based super alloy substrates by dip coating and spray coating technique using a chemical precursor sol. The coating material was characterised thoroughly by XRD, SEM, TEM and XPS analyses. Characterisation results showed the presence of nano carbon in the AlPO4 matrix which imparted high emissivity to the coating. Emissivity of the coating varied from 0.6 to 0.9 in the wave length range : 2 µm - 25 µm depending on the thickness of the multilayered coating. Spray coating was very effective for coating the bigger substrates and TPS panels. Emissivity offered by the spray coated substrates was little lower compared to the dip coated substrates. Emissivity offered by the spray coated substrates was little lower compared to the dip coated substrates. Cyclic oxidation performances of the coated substrates at 800 °C and 1000 °C for 100 hrs of thermal exposure were recorded and compared with that of the bare substrate. The emissivity coating was found to offer substantial oxidation resistance to the base substrate at high temperatures.
The relationship between the gender of newborn babies and weight gained during pregnancy, mode of delivery and some parameters for newborn
Yenidoğanın cinsiyetinin gebelikte kazanılan kilo, doğum şekli ve yenidoğanın bazı parametreleri ile ilişkisi
Authors: Boybay Koyuncu Saadet , Timur Taşhan Sermin
Published: July 2017

The study aimed to examine the relationship between the gender of newborn with weight gained during pregnancy, mode of delivery and some parameters for newborn. This study used a descriptive and cross-sectional research design. A total of 632 women who gave birth in the postpartum service at a hospital were included in the study. The data were collected using a participant information form prepared by the researcher. Chi-square test and independent sample t-test were used to analyze the data. This study found that the mean pregnancy number and whether the current pregnancy was planned or not were higher for the women whose newborn babies were girls than for those whose newborn babies were boys, and that the mean birth weight of newborn girls was lower than that of newborn boys (p<0.05). No statistically significant relationship was found between the gender of newborn babies and the weight gained during pregnancy, mode of delivery, APGAR score, the time of beginning breastfeeding and giving supplementary food to the newborn babies (p>0.05). This study found that the gender of newborn affected their birth weight and is a determinant factor for the fertility rate of women. In these cases against girls, careful attention of health professionals is needed to ensure continuous and different victimization, close attention to risky couples, is recommended for the development of women's health.Extended English abstract is in the end of PDF (TURKISH) file. ÖzetAraştırma, yenidoğanın cinsiyetinin gebelikte kazanılan kilo, doğum şekli ve yenidoğanın bazı parametreleri ile ilişkisini incelemek amacıyla yapıldı. Araştırma tanımlayıcı ve kesitsel tiptedir. Araştırmaya bir hastanenin postpartum servisinde doğum yapan 632 kadın alındı. Veriler araştırmacı tarafından hazırlanan katılımcı bilgi formu aracılığıyla toplandı. İstatistiksel analizde ki-kare testi, independent sample t testi analizi kullanıldı. Araştırmada, kız yenidoğana sahip olan kadınların ortalama gebelik sayısı ve mevcut gebeliğin planlı olma durumu erkek yenidoğana sahip olanlara göre daha yüksek (p<0.05); kız yenidoğanların ortalama doğum kilosunun ise erkeklere oranla daha düşük olduğu saptandı (p<0.05). Araştırmada yenidoğanın cinsiyeti ile gebelikte kazanılan kilo, doğum şekli, APGAR skor, emzirmeye başlama zamanı ve yenidoğana ilk 24 saat içinde ek gıda verilmesi arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir ilişki saptanmamıştır (p>0.05). Araştırmada yenidoğan cinsiyetinin yenidoğanın doğum kilosunu etkilediği ve kadının doğurganlık hızında belirleyici bir faktör olduğu belirlenen çalışmada; kadın sağlığının geliştirilmesi için, kız çocuklar aleyhine olan bu durumlarda, sürekli ve farklı mağduriyetlerin yaşanmaması için sağlık profesyonellerinin dikkatli olması, riskli çiftlerin yakından ele alınması önerilmektedir.