bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Investigating the Feasibility of Elementary Cellular Automata based Scrambling for Image Encryption
Authors:   Department of Mathematics, College of Engineering and Technology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu-603203, India, Ibrahim M. Mohammed , Venkatesan R. , Jacob Kavikumar
Published: February 2025

This research investigates the performance of various one-dimensional cellular automata rules, namely Rule 30, Rule 150, Rule 184, Rule 105 and Rule 110, for image encryption. The proposed algorithm technique combines these CA rules to generate pseudo-random sequences for image scrambling. The effectiveness of the proposed method is evaluated using various performance metrics, including NPCR, correlation coefficient and information entropy. The results demonstrate which rule provides the best encryption performance, achieving high levels of security and resistance to statistical attacks. However, the computational complexity of the proposed method is relatively high, which may limit its practicality for real-time image encryption applications.
Efficient Resource Allocation to Enhance the Quality of Service in Cloud Computing
Authors:   PG Department of Computer Science, Sant Gadge Baba Amravati University, Amravati, Tapovan Campus Amravati- 444602, Maharashtra, India, Tidake Shubhangi Pandurang , Mulkalwar Pramod N.
Published: February 2025

Pay-as-you-go models are used to grant users access to cloud services. While using the cloud, an imbalance workload on data centre resources degrades quality of service metrics like makespan, storage, high failure rate, and energy consumption. Hence proposed the heuristic based hybrid GA to enhance the QoS with resource allocation in cloud computing. The population is first initialized using the Binary encoding sorts the tasks according to priority. After that, the Best Fit algorithm compares the Best Fit with iterations of each fitness value depending on the computation time to shorten the make span. Heuristic crossover approach and mutation are then used to update the probability of the existing population with the new population lowers the failure rate by using the fitness value. Therefore, the proposed heuristic-based hybrid GA technique balanced the load and allocate the resources effectively to improve QoS performances. The outcome reveals that the proposed method of QoS performances attained less makespan, energy consumption, failure rate and execution time with effectively allocated the resources of 1% to 39% when compared to the previous methods in cloud computing.
Neurolingua Stress Senolytics: Innovative AI-driven Approaches for Comprehensive Stress Intervention
Authors:   Division of Data Science and Cyber Security, Karunya Institute of Technology and Sciences, Coimbatore, India, P. Nithyasri , Thanka M. Roshni , Edwin E. Bijolin , Ebenezer V. , Kirubakaran Stewart , Joy Priscilla
Published: February 2025

Introducing an innovative approach to stress detection through multimodal data fusion, this study addresses the critical need for accurate stress level monitoring, essential for mental health assessments. Leveraging diverse data sources—including audio, biological sensors, social media, and facial expressions—the methodology integrates advanced algorithms such as XG-Boost, GBM, Naïve Bayes, and BERT. Through separate preprocessing of each dataset and subsequent feature fusion, the model achieves a comprehensive understanding of stress levels. The novelty of this study lies in its comprehensive fusion of multiple data modalities and the specific preprocessing techniques used, which improves the accuracy and depth of stress detection compared to traditional single-modal methods. The results demonstrate the efficacy of this approach, providing a nuanced perspective on stress that can significantly benefit healthcare, wellness, and HR sectors. The model's strong performance in accuracy and robustness positions it as a valuable asset for early stress detection and intervention. XG-Boost achieved an accuracy rate of 95%, GBM reached 97%, Naive Bayes achieved 90%, and BERT attained 93% accuracy, demonstrating the effectiveness of each algorithm in stress detection. This innovative approach not only improves stress detection accuracy but also offers potential for use in other fields requiring analysis of multimodal data, such as affective computing and human-computer interaction. The model's scalability and adaptability make it well-suited for incorporation into existing systems, opening up opportunities for widespread adoption and impact across various industries.
Short Term Electrical Load Forecasting Based on Weather Parameters under Multiple FIS of Processing
Authors:   Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Eastern University, Dhaka, Bangladesh, Akhi Mst. Aklima Khatun , Jahan Sarwar , Islam Md. Imdadul
Published: February 2025

The electrical load forecasting plays a vital role on the economy of a country in context of fuel saving, working hours of employee and depreciation cost of equipment of power generating station. In this paper, we use several machine learning techniques relevant to fuzzy system to forecast the demand of electrical load on short-term basis. Here, we consider temperature, humidity, wind speed, types of day such as working day or holiday, barometric pressure as the parameters, which govern the demand of electrical load. To cope with the variables and the power demand, the previous data of Bangladesh Power Development Board (BPDB) and Bangladesh Space Research and Remote Sensing Organization (SPARRSO) were taken for training purpose and then data of current day was used as the test data. For each of the weather parameter several membership functions (MFs) were used as the fuzzy input and then Takagi-Sugeno, Mamdani rule, FCM + Mamdani and ANFIS were applied to acquire the output as the demand of load. The average percentage of error as the difference between forecasted demand and actual demand of test data was found 1.675% for Takagi-Sugeno, 1.91% for Mamdani (centroid), 2.56% for FCM + Mamdani and 3.62% for ANFIS, which were found superior to some previous research works.
Algebraic Gestalt-archetypes of Probabilities in Genomic DNAs, Cyclic Gray Codes, Quantum Bioinformatics
Authors:   Laboratory of Biomechanical Systems, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 101990, Malyi Kharitonievsky pereulok, 4, Russia, Petoukhov Sergey V.
Published: February 2025

The article is devoted to the study of the regularities of the statistical organization of nucleotide sequences of single-stranded DNAs in genomes of higher and lower organisms, as well as their connections with cyclic Gray codes and the problem of holistic structures (gestalts) in physiology. The author presents stable statistical structures of an algebraic nature, which are found in many genomic DNAs and are called algebraic gestalt-archetypes of probabilities in genomic DNAs. They are discussed as a possible basis for several genetically inherited physiological and psychophysical properties. The numerical rules of these genomic archetypes realized in nature for a representative class of genomic DNAs, whose initial data were taken by the author from the publicly available genomic data bank “GenBank”, are formulated. The analysis of single-stranded genomic DNAs was carried out using the author's method of "hierarchies of multilayer statistics", representing the nucleotide sequence of DNA as a multilayer text structure, in which each n-th layer is a sequence of n-plets (that is, of monoplets, or duplets, or triplets, etc.). In each such layer, the percentages of each of the types of its n-plets are calculated, the values of which are inserted into the so-called genetic (2n∙2n) Karnaugh matrices, whose columns and rows are numbered by n-bit Gray codes by analogy with Karnaugh maps from the Boolean algebra of logic. The data of the analysis of the nucleotide sequence of DNA of the human chromosome № 1, containing about 250 million nucleotides, are represented as an example. The obtained data are discussed in light of the problem of genetically inherited holistic structures in biology and the tasks of developing algebraic biology, genetic biomechanics, quantum bioinformatics, artificial intelligence, and genetic algorithms.
Data Transformation and Predictive Analytics of Cardiovascular Disease Using Machine and Ensemble Learning Techniques
Authors:   Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, India, Antony J. Cruz , Murali E. , Deepa D. , Vignesh R. , Hemalatha S. , Fahad Umme
Published: February 2025

About one person dies every minute from cardiovascular disease; consequently, it has almost surpassed war as the largest cause of death in the twenty-first century. In cardiology, early and accurate diagnosis of heart illness is a cornerstone of effective healthcare. Predictive analytics, which involves machine-learning algorithms, can be a great option for contributing towards the early detection of cardiovascular disease. This study evaluates the data preprocessing techniques involved in building machine learning models to predict cardiovascular disease and identify the features contributing to the cardio attack. A novel data transformation technique named the superlative boundary binning method was proposed to enhance machine learning and ensemble learning classification models for predicting cardiac illness based on independent physiological feature parameters. The results revealed that the ensemble learning classifier AdaBoost using the superlative boundary binning method has performed well with a classification accuracy of 93% when compared with the other data transformation and machine learning classifier models.
Assessment of Knowledge and Utilization of Computers Among Healthcare Workers in Benue South, Nigeria
Authors:   Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Federal University of Health Sciences, P.M.B. 145, Otukpo, Nigeria, Omotehinwa Temidayo Oluwatosin , Edegbene Augustine Ovie , Ode Oga
Published: February 2025

Literature confirms that the low success rate of eHealth systems is closely linked to inadequate computer knowledge. Therefore, this study aimed to assess knowledge and utilization of computers among healthcare workers in Benue South. An institution-based quantitative cross-sectional study design was conducted in 120 health facilities, including primary healthcare centres, and private clinics. This study involved 430 healthcare workers. Using Python programming, descriptive and multivariable logistic regression analyses were conducted to assess the level of computer knowledge and utilization among participants, as well as to identify factors influencing their computer knowledge and utilization. Of the 430 participants, 233 (54.19%) of healthcare workers passed the computer knowledge test, 216 (50.23%) of health workers have access to computers, and 221 (51.40%) of them had undergone formal computer training. The findings revealed that 263 (61.16%) of healthcare workers exhibit good computer utilization, while 167 (38.84%) demonstrated poor utilization. Access to a computer (adjusted odds ratio [AOR]=2.83, 95% CI 0.48-1.60), and prior computer training (AOR=3.34, 95% CI 0.65-1.76) were found to be significantly associated with computer knowledge, while Access to a computer (AOR=2.98, 95% CI 0.48-1.70), Sex (AOR=2.23, 95% CI 0.28-1.32), Department (AOR=1.06, 95% CI 0.00-0.11), and prior computer training (AOR=5.53, 95% CI 1.10-2.32) were found to be significantly associated with computer utilization. These findings imply that improved access to computers and comprehensive computer training for healthcare professionals is vital for improved service delivery.
Modelling Misinformation in Swahili-English Code-switched Texts
Authors:   Maseno University, Department of Computer Science, Maseno, Kenya, Amol Cynthia , Wanzare Lilian , Obuhuma James
Published: February 2025

Code-switching, which is the mixing of words or phrases from multiple, grammatically distinct languages, introduces semantic and syntactic complexities to sentences which complicate automated text classification. Despite code-switching being a common occurrence in informal text-based communication among most bilingual or multilingual users of digital spaces, its use to spread misinformation is relatively less explored. In Kenya, for instance, the use of code-switched Swahili-English is prevalent on social media. Our main objective in this paper was to systematically re- view code-switching, particularly the use of Swahili-English code-switching to spread misinformation on social media in the Kenyan context. Additionally, we aimed at pre-processing a Swahili-English code-switched dataset and developing a misinformation classification model trained on this dataset. We discuss the process we took to develop the code- switched Swahili-English misinformation classification model. The model was trained and tested using the PolitiKweli dataset which is the first Swahili-English code-switched dataset curated for misinformation classification. The dataset was collected from Twitter (now X) social media platform, focusing on text posted during the electioneering period of the 2022 general elections in Kenya. The study experimented with two types of word embeddings - GloVe and FastText. FastText uses character n-gram representations that help generate meaningful vectors for rare and unseen words in the code-switched dataset. We experimented with both the classical machine learning algorithms and deep learning algo- rithms. Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory Networks (BiLSTM) algorithm showed the best performance with an f-score of 0.89. The model was able to classify code-switched Swahili-English political misinformation text as fake, fact or neutral. This study contributes to recent research efforts in developing language models for low-resource languages.
Systémy vnitřního zajišťování kvality v režimu institucionální akreditace na vybraných vysokých školách
Authors: Šebková Helena , Roskovec Vladimír
Published: February 2025

Na čtyřech českých veřejných vysokých školách, které získaly v letech 2018–2019 v různém rozsahu institucionální akreditaci, bylo sledováno, jak hodnotí a zajišťují kvalitu uskutečňovaných studijních programů. Byly prostudovány dokumenty týkající se uvedené problematiky, které dané vysoké školy zveřejnily na svých webových stránkách, a bylo provedeno dotazníkové šetření mezi členy rad pro vnitřní hodnocení těchto škol. Na základě těchto informací byly identifikovány prostupy při hodnocení kvality studijních programů a při udělování oprávnění k jejich uskutečňování, různá organizační opatření sloužící k zajišťování kvality těchto programů, zapojení externistů do těchto procesů a organizace studentských hodnocení a využívání jejich výsledků. Bylo zjištěno, že všechny sledované vysoké školy postupují při zajišťování kvality své vzdělávací činnosti velmi zodpovědně, v souladu se svou strategií a posláním, a že svůj systém vnitřního zajišťování kvality přizpůsobují specifickým podmínkám svého vzdělávacího systému.
Stimulácia reči na základe aktuálnych výskumov a princípov Montessori pedagogiky
Authors: Slováček Matej
Published: February 2025

Súčasné poznatky o detskej reči sa len pomaly dostávajú k učiteľom mateřských škôl a do výchovno-vzdelávacej praxe. Pedagogická prax vyžaduje, aby sa hľadali možnosti a stratégie aplikácie týchto poznatkov do vzdelávania. Cieľom predkladanej štúdie je predstaviť (1) dizajn pedagogického výskumu stimulácie reči na základe súčasných výskumov o detskej reči s využitím princípov Montessori pedagogiky a (2) výsledky prvej fázy daného pedagogického výskumu. Štruktúra: V prvej časti štúdie opisujeme výskumy v oblasti Montessori pedagogiky súvisiace s detskou rečou a súčasné poznatky o reči slovensky hovoriacich detí, ktoré neboli doteraz súčasťou Montessori pedagogiky, ani didaktiky slovenského jazyka v predprimárnom vzdelávaní. Ďalej opisujeme dizajn pedagogického výskumu, ktorý je súčasťou dizertačnej práce Rozvoj reči v predškolskom veku v kontexte Montessori pedagogiky a súčasného výskumu rečového vývinu na Slovensku1 . V druhej časti sa venujeme prvej fáze výskumu, ktorá predchádza pedagogickej intervencii. Predmetom nášho pozorovania je úroveň reči detí predškolského veku s nenarušeným rečovým vývinom. Zamerali sme sa na vybrané jazykovo-komunikačné javy, ktoré sa budeme snažiť v ďalších etapách pedagogického výskumu stimulovať princípmi Montessori pedagogiky. V centre našej pozornosti sú slovná zásoba (kategorizácia pojmov) a pravidlá jazyka (flexia a slovotvorba). Pozorovanie sme realizovali s ôsmimi deťmi vo veku 3,10–6,00 rokov na základe dostupného výberu. Metódy: Každé dieťa absolvovalo diagnostikovanie reči prostredníctvom verbálno-vizuálnych a verbálno-manipulačných metód. Závery: Na základe analýzy získaných dát a ich interpretácie sa ukazuje úroveň reči a spôsob osvojovania si vybraných jazykovo-komunikačných javov vzhľadom na vek, z čoho budeme vychádzať pri návrhu didaktického materiálu a aktivít stimulácie vybraných javov.
Kondisi Sosial Ekonomi Pelaku Usaha di Objek Wisata Pantai Pasir Jambak Kelurahan Pasir Nan Tigo Kota Padang
Authors: Putri Wulan Muhareva , Mariya Sri
Published: February 2025

The research objectives were to determine: 1) Socio-economic conditions of business actors at Pasir Jambak Beach tourist attraction; 2) The obstacles of business actors in the tourist attraction of Pasir Jambak Beach; 3) Business actors' efforts to overcome these obstacles. This research is a qualitative descriptive research. Data collection techniques are observation, interviews and documentation. The research subjects are business people who are in the tourist attraction of Pasir Jambak Beach. The data analysis technique uses the Miles and Huberman model, namely data reduction, data display and verification. The results showed: 1) Socio-economic conditions: Working as an entrepreneur by opening a business at Pasir Jambak Beach tourist attraction is the main job for business actors. The income of some business actors on weekdays ranges from Rp. 100,000- Rp. 300,000 per day depending on the number of visitors, when the holiday income has increased. The last education of business actors is high school. Based on the type of house, business actors include simple houses; 2) The obstacles of business actors are abrasion natural disasters and lack of tourist attractions; 3) Efforts to overcome them by making temporary embankments, making simple attractions, and expecting the role of the government to find solutions related to abrasion and develop tourist attractions.
DIGITALISASI MANAJEMEN DATA FISKAL DAERAH MELALUI SISTEM INFORMASI BERBASIS WEB DI KABUPATEN KEEROM
Authors: Novianti Andi Gita , Sari Imelda
Published: February 2025

Salah satu kendala terbesar yang dimiliki oleh Pemerintah Kabupaten Keerom meliputi luas wilayah dan jumlah penduduk ini dibatasi oleh masalah jarak dan transportasi. Dengan tidak adanya trayek angkutan umum yang beroperasi antar kampung hal ini berpengaruh pada penyebaran informasi secara umum dan informasi kewajiban/tunggakan pajak kepada masyarakat secara khusus. Saat ini Kantor BAPENDA Keerom masih mengelolah data wajib pajak secara manual menggunakan Microsoft Excel. Tentunya banyak wajib pajak yang tidak mengetahui informasi tentang kewajiban pajak secara langsung. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membantu masyarakat memperoleh informasi mengenai regulasi peraturan pajak dan retribusi mendorong pengusaha membayar tunggakan pajaknya dengan menyediakan simulasi penghitungan sendiri kewajiban pajaknya, serta membantu Badan Pendapatan Daerah Kabupaten Keerom dalam pelayanan fiskal yang lebih efisien dari segi waktu pelayanan, kemudahan pembayaran, penyimpanan data dan laporan yang lebih akurat, terpusat dan mudah diakses kapan saja. Hasil penelitian ini berupa Sistem Informasi Manajemen Fiskal Daerah Berbasis Web yang dapat memudahkan masyarakat untuk memperoleh informasi terkait total pajak yang wajib dibayarkan pertahun.
RANCANG BANGUN APLIKASI SENTANI FRESH BERBASIS WEBSITE MOBILE PADA CV. PAPUA MANDIRI BANGKIT
Authors: Manullang Evanita Veronica , Yewi Yolanda Kristin
Published: February 2025

Jayapura saat ini merupakan kota baru berkembang dengan jumlah penduduk yang cukup banyak sebagian anggota masyarakat yang telah memiliki pekerjaan dan tingkat kesibukan yang tinggi mengalami kewalahan saat mempersiapkan kebutuhan makan bagi keluarga dikarenakan kesibukan yang ada dan waktu yang terbatas untuk kepasar berbelanja bahan makanan mentah dan menyiapkan nya, begitupun bagi para pedagang kecil yang mengalami kerugian jika barang dagangan yang telah dibawa kepasar tidak terjual habis, dan juga saat ini Pemerintah membatasi  aktifitas sosial masyarakat demi pencegahan penularan virus corona, sehingga semua masyarakat tidak mempunyai waktu yang banyak untuk melaksanakan aktifitas sehari-hari.  Tujuan penelitian ini adalah bagaimana membantu pedagang-pedagang kecil untuk menjual dagangan, membantu masyarakat dalam membeli bahan makanan dan juga membantu Pemerintah dalam mencegah penularan virus corona dengan membangun Aplikasi Sentani Fresh Berbasis Website dan Android dengan menggunakan bahasa pemrograman php Laravel, database menggunakan MySQL dan menggunakan Web Service Midtrans dan Onesignal. Hasil dari penggujian penggunaan Aplikasi Sentani Fresh Berbasis Website dan Android menunjukan pedagang akan sangat terbantu dengan menggunakan aplikasi Sentani Fresh untuk menjual dagangan, dan sangat membantu masyarakat untuk membeli bahan makanan dan dengan menggunakan  metode pembayaran yang lebih cepat dan aman.
Sistem Pendukung Keputusan Rekomendasi Karir Mahasiswa Menggunakan AHP dan SAW
Authors: Tayane Rosalin Theophilia , Wicaksono Freddy , Nugroho Fajar Ghifari , Martinus Agust Isa
Published: February 2025

Dalam menghadapi tantangan dunia kerja yang semakin kompetitif, pemilihan karir yang tepat menjadi langkah krusial bagi mahasiswa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan Sistem Pendukung Keputusan (SPK) yang memberikan rekomendasi karir bagi mahasiswa Teknik Informatika di Universitas Muhammadiyah Cirebon. Sistem ini memanfaatkan metode Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) untuk menentukan bobot kriteria dan Simple Additive Weighting (SAW) untuk perhitungan rekomendasi karir. Kriteria yang digunakan mencakup nilai mata kuliah, kemampuan, dan sertifikasi yang relevan. Data yang digunakan dikumpulkan melalui studi literatur, wawancara dengan dosen, serta masukan dari mahasiswa. Sistem yang dikembangkan diuji dengan data mahasiswa dan menunjukkan hasil rekomendasi yang sesuai dengan profil dan potensi mahasiswa. Berdasarkan pengujian yang dilakukan pada mahasiswa X dan Y terhadap beberapa karir, hasil menunjukkan bahwa mahasiswa X memperoleh rekomendasi untuk karir Front-End Web Developer dan Android Developer dengan skor akhir masing-masing 0.779 dan 0.871, sedangkan karir Machine Learning Engineer tidak direkomendasikan dengan skor 0,762. Sementara itu, mahasiswa Y direkomendasikan untuk karir Database Administrator dengan skor akhir 0.789, sementara Data Scientist dan Data Analyst tidak direkomendasikan dengan skor masing-masing 0.743 dan 0.745.
Kata kunci: Sistem Pendukung Keputusan, Rekomendasi Karir, AHP, SAW, Teknik Informatika, Universitas Muhammadiyah Cirebon
Socialization of Microcontroller use in Medical Support Equipment for Indonesian Electromedical Students
Authors: Jaya Indra , Muhammad Nawawi
Published: February 2025

Socialization of Microcontroller Use in Medical Support Equipment for Electromedical Students undertaken by the Muhammadiyah Aceh School of Health Sciences. The project aims to enhance the understanding and skills of students in using microcontrollers for medical devices, thereby improving healthcare support in the community. Through a series of webinars, the initiative addressed critical issues related to the utilization of microcontrollers in the design and maintenance of medical equipment. The target audience included electromedical students from various campuses in Sumatra, emphasizing the integration of theoretical knowledge with practical applications. The results indicated significant improvements in participants' knowledge and skills, highlighting the importance of such programs in fostering technological advancements in the healthcare sector. This initiative not only contributes to the educational development of students but also plays a crucial role in enhancing healthcare service delivery.
El desarrollo de competencias del estudiantado universitario mediante prácticas de Aprendizaje-Servicio: percepción del alumnado
Authors: Mayor Paredes Domingo
Published: February 2025

En las sociedades complejas y cambiantes del siglo XXI configuradas por la emergencia de fenómenos como las tecnologías de la información y la comunicación, la globalización económica y cultural, el multiculturalismo, etc., se están materializando cambios significativos en diversas esferas de la vida económica, política, social y cultural que están afectando a las formas de pensar, sentir y actuar de los individuos y grupos humanos y, por ende, al universo educativo. En línea con lo anterior, muchos de los informes sobre la educación de las últimas décadas (Comisión Europea, 2010; Ministerio de Educación, 2015), así como estudiosos del ámbito educativo (Hargreaves y Fullan, 2014) han puesto el acento en aspectos de los sistemas escolares (organización y funcionamiento; mejoras en el curriculum; importancia de la formación inicial del profesorado; participación activa del estudiantado, etc.) que necesitan ser repensados en orden a consolidar una escuela-universidad permeable a los cambios sociales que permita, por un lado, el máximo desarrollo de las capacidades de cada uno, respetando la diversidad y asegurando la equidad de acceso a la educación y compensando las desigualdades y, por otro, favorecer la formación de individuos autónomos, capaces de tomas decisiones informadas sobre su propia vida y de participar de manera relativamente autónoma en la vida social y profesional (Pérez, 2012). Para alcanzar dichas finalidades se requiere, entre otras cuestiones, superar las posiciones clásicas centradas en el aula y la actividad del profesorado, para pasar a organizar la enseñanza utilizando métodos que promuevan la actividad del alumno –individual y en grupo- y que permitan que el estudiantado alcance las competencias que se proponen como metas de aprendizaje.
“The Northern Man and His Corporations, the Southern Man and His Slaves”: Revisiting the Conspiracy Theory of the Fourteenth Amendment
Authors: Atkinson Evelyn
Published: February 2025

For over a hundred years, the “conspiracy theory” of the Four-teenth Amendment has haunted legal scholarship. First articulated in a seminal case involving corporate constitutional personhood, the con-spiracy theory posits that the drafters of the Fourteenth Amendment were motivated by economic interests in addition to, or even more than, the rights of Black Americans. In recent decades scholars have dismissed the conspiracy theory as “fanciful.” Yet as this article reveals, the conspiracy theory had a basis in fact: the primary drafter of the Fourteenth Amendment, John A. Bingham, undeniably had corpora-tions in mind as well as Black Americans when he included the protection of the “privileges and immunities” of citizenship in the Amendment. Reading the history of antislavery activism together with the history of corporate personhood, this article interrogates the legal and philosophical landscape of the moment in order to uncover why, for Bingham and other advocates of corporate citizenship, the rights of corporations were as deserving of protection as the rights of Black Americans. It reveals that for decades prior to the drafting of the Four-teenth Amendment, questions involving the ability of both Black persons and corporations to claim the privileges and immunities of cit-izenship in the context of interstate mobility had dominated legal and public debate, compelling courts, individuals, and communities to con-front the nature of American citizenship, federalism, and fundamental rights.
The Civil War and Reconstruction Amendments’ Effects on Citizenship and Migration
Authors: Law Anna O.
Published: February 2025

This article traces the effect of the Reconstruction Amendments on the citizenship and migration of European immigrants, African Amer-icans, Chinese immigrants, and Native Americans. The amendments produced contradictory effects for these groups’ mobility and ability to remain in the place of their choice by defining US national citizenship for the first time. With birthright citizenship, African Americans gained the right to remain in the US without fear of “repatriation” by colonization schemes to foreign lands they never saw before. US citi-zenship would facilitate the interstate travel of Black Americans which was previously restricted by states/localities for over a century. For-eign-born Chinese immigrants would not gain naturalization, but their US-born children would gain citizenship by birth on US soil. In-complete and mixed as these advances were, the Civil War’s impact on Native peoples was mostly negative. Indigenous peoples suffered cata-strophic losses in lives of genocidal proportions in the West and in land ownership during the Civil War. Native nations lost substantial sover-eignty during the Civil War and Reconstruction periods in light of an ascendent Congress backed with federal capacity and military might. The rights-based framework of the Reconstruction Amendments as a restraint on government power would not realize Native Americans’ desire for sovereignty instead of rights or citizenship.
The Impact of Social Media Usage on Media Literacy and Public Trust: A Quantitative Study among Students in South Punjab, Pakistan
Authors: Dr. Muhammad Rehan  , Habiba Habib Baber  , Adeel Ahmad Aamir
Published: February 2025

Social media has transformed communication, information dissemination, and public interaction, profoundly influencing media literacy and public trust. This study explores the impact of social media usage on media literacy and public trust among students in media studies and political science departments in South Punjab, Pakistan. The objective is to examine how social media shapes critical evaluation skills and trust in institutions. A quantitative, cross-sectional design was employed, with data collected through convenience sampling from 232 participants. A structured questionnaire was used as the primary tool, focusing on social media usage, media literacy, and public trust. Data were analyzed using SPSS for reliability, validity, and regression analysis. Results indicated significant positive relationships between social media usage and media literacy (r = 0.62, p < 0.001) and public trust (r = 0.37, p < 0.001). Regression analysis further confirmed that social media usage significantly predicts media literacy (R² = 0.62) and public trust (R² = 0.37). Despite its contributions, this study has limitations, including its reliance on self-reported data, convenience sampling, and the inability to establish causality. Future directions include longitudinal studies, diverse samples, and exploring moderating factors like digital literacy or cultural influences. These findings emphasize social media’s potential to foster critical skills and trust.
Macroeconomic Analysis of Women Empowerment in Pakistan
Authors: Bibi Aisha Sadiqa  , Imran Khan
Published: February 2025

The empowerment of women is a highly debated phenomenon in the world. Women’s empowerment is not only linked with fundamental human rights but is also necessary for transitioning into developing human societies. This study examines the impact of various macroeconomic indicators namely the participation rate of females in the labor force, the Human development index, government spending on education, financial development, access to technology, and the impact trade of openness on women's empowerment by considering time series data for the period of 1990-2024. For estimation, Fully modified and Dynamic ordinary least square techniques are used. Results revealed that the Gender Inequality Index is negatively influenced by the Human Development Index, economic expansion, trade openness, financial development, and labor force participation rate of females. The findings also suggest that government spending on education and technology has a positive impact on the Gender Inequality index. However, women's empowerment in Pakistan has increased due to economic growth, trade openness, female labor force participation, Human Development Index, and financial development. On the other hand, the empowerment of women has decreased due to technology and government spending on education. It is suggested that government should increase its spending on women and girls’ education and also their access to financial services. information and communication technology for reduction of gender inequality and improving the situation of women empowerment in Pakistan.
Analysis of the Relationship Between Governance and Teaching Performance of University Departments
Authors: Sajjad Haider  , Dr Syeda Zunaira Fatima  , Dr. Muhammad Sarwar  , Dr. Mehr Mohsin Raza
Published: February 2025

This study investigates the relationship between governance and teaching performance in university departments of Punjab, Pakistan, using an explanatory mixed-methods approach. The study examines the implementation of governance principles and assesses teaching performance among 540 students, 270 teachers, 54 departmental chairpersons, and 18 directors from nine universities, employing multistage sampling. Data collection involved structured questionnaires and semi-structured interviews to gain qualitative insights. Quantitative analysis included descriptive statistics and regression, while thematic analysis was applied to qualitative data. The findings reveal that chairpersons perceive governance more favourably than teachers, with teaching performance rated as medium across groups. Notably, significant positive correlations exist between governance indicators such as efficiency and transparency and teaching performance. The study concludes by offering actionable recommendations for enhancing governance frameworks and teaching quality, emphasizing the need for longitudinal studies, diverse educational contexts, and the integration of digital tools in governance practices.
The Effect of Emotional Intelligence and Communicative Leadership Competence on University Performance
Authors: Sahar Rafiq  , Dr Fakhra Aziz  , Dr Amara khan
Published: February 2025

The study purposes to investigate the role of emotional intelligence and communicative leadership competence on university performance under the lens of transformational leadership theory. A quantitative technique was used to investigate the research hypotheses, and data were collected using convenient sampling techniques from academic and non-academic staff working in universities in Pakistan. Furthermore, multiple regression depicts the positive and significant role of emotional intelligence and communicative leadership competence on university performance. This study helps to make policies and conduct training on emotional intelligence and competence in leaders' communication. This study created a new horizon for the education sector by focusing on academic and non-academic staff's communicative competencies.
The Influence of Uncertainty, Communication and Employee Passion on Readiness to Change at PT XYZ
Authors: Kurniawan Benidiktus Bina , Dudija Nidya
Published: February 2025

Organizational change often brings uncertainty among employees, which can affect their readiness to adapt to the change. In this context, effective communication and employee passion are key factors in reducing uncertainty and increasing readiness to change. PT XYZ, a large manufacturing company in Indonesia, is undergoing a digital transformation through the implementation of a new ERP system aimed at improving work efficiency and effectiveness. This study aims to explore the influence of uncertainty, communication, and passion on employee readiness to change at PT XYZ. The objective of this study is to examine the influence of uncertainty, communication, and employee passion on readiness to change at PT XYZ. This study also aims to identify the most significant factors affecting employee readiness to adapt to the ongoing changes. Thus, it is expected that this research will provide valuable insights for PT XYZ's management in managing change and minimizing employee resistance. Using a quantitative approach, data were collected from 266 employees across various departments and analyzed with the Partial Least Squares (PLS) method. The findings reveal that uncertainty negatively affects readiness to change, while effective communication and employee passion significantly enhance it. Notably, communication effectiveness and employees’ enthusiasm for change emerged as key drivers of organizational adaptability. The study highlights the need for PT XYZ’s management to minimize uncertainty through transparent communication strategies and foster a positive work culture to enhance employee readiness. These insights provide valuable guidance for organizations undergoing similar transformations, emphasizing the critical role of communication and employee engagement in change management success.
Rendimiento académico y su incidencia en la deserción de los estudiantes de primer semestre del Instituto Superior Tecnológico Tena
Authors: Gómez Rivas Inés Beatriz , Bowen Mendoza Lorena
Published: February 2025

La deserción estudiantil representa un desafío crítico en la educación superior, especialmente durante los primeros semestres académicos. La identificación de factores personales, sociales y académicos que inciden directamente en este, plantea un desafío importante para la comunidad educativa. El objetivo de este estudio fue diagnosticar las causas del bajo rendimiento académico y su incidencia en la deserción de los estudiantes de primer semestre del Instituto Superior Tecnológico Tena. Mediante un estudio descriptivo, no experimental y transversal, se analizó una muestra de 60 estudiantes y a 10 docentes, utilizando instrumentos validados: la Escala de Motivación Académica (EMA) y el Cuestionario de Deserción Universitaria (CDUe). Los resultados obtenidos revelaron niveles generalmente bajos en motivación académica, con la desmotivación y amotivación como factores predominantes en el bajo rendimiento. Además, se identificaron tres patrones comunes en los estudiantes que abandonan la carrera: insuficiente apoyo académico, débiles redes de apoyo funcionales y percepción de limitado soporte institucional. Los docentes enfatizaron ausencia de orientación vocacional, apoyo psicológico inadecuado y escasa participación en actividades extracurriculares como factores determinantes. Como conclusión se tiene que la combinación de factores motivacionales y la carencia de sistemas de apoyo integral constituyen elementos críticos en el rendimiento académico y la deserción. Se proponen estrategias específicas de intervención, incluyendo tutorías personalizadas, la creación de redes de apoyo y el fortalecimiento de la motivación intrínseca son esenciales para mejorar la retención estudiantil y el desempeño académico.
Sistematización contable en microempresas informales: validación de un modelo por secciones
Authors: Cadena-Silva Javier Patricio , Solorzano Aveiga Karen Lilibeth , Lima Sánchez Rosa Lorena , Molina Santana Ronny José
Published: February 2025

Las microempresas se enfrentan a retos en la gestión contable debido a la falta de formalización y de recursos adecuados. Por ello, el objetivo de este estudio fue validar un modelo de sistematización contable por secciones adaptado a microempresas que no están obligadas a presentar información financiera formal. Se utilizó una metodología de enfoque mixto, combinando una revisión bibliográfica e información de 90 microempresarios de los cantones Santo Domingo, La Concordia, El Carmen y Flavio Alfaro del proyecto institucional de la ULEAM Extensión El Carmen. Los resultados muestran que la mayoría de las microempresas utilizan métodos informales de contabilidad, pero existe una importante disposición a adoptar el modelo propuesto, que facilita la organización y la transparencia en la gestión financiera. Este modelo ofrece un marco práctico para mejorar el control interno y la sostenibilidad de las microempresas, promoviendo su integración en el mercado formal. Se concluye que la aplicación del modelo puede contribuir a mejorar la calidad de la información contable y el acceso a la financiación externa. Se recomiendan programas de formación y manuales adaptados para facilitar su adopción. Futuros estudios deberían evaluar el impacto a largo plazo del modelo y explorar su aplicación en diferentes contextos empresariales.
Bacteriemia asociada al cuidado de la salud en pacientes COVID-19: impacto en los cuidados intensivos
Authors: Mesías Robles Vanessa Andreina , Vásquez Moreira Cristian Arturo , Vallas Santana Ronald Emilio , Vega Sarango Maritza Liseth
Published: February 2025

Durante la pandemia de COVID-19, las infecciones asociadas a la atención en salud han representado una importante preocupación debido a su alta frecuencia y el impacto que tienen en la morbimortalidad de los pacientes. Particularmente, las bacteriemias asociadas al cuidado de la salud han sido objeto de atención debido a su relación con complicaciones graves en pacientes hospitalizados en unidades críticas. Este estudio basado en una revisión de literatura tuvo como objetivo analizar el comportamiento e incidencia de estas bacteriemias en pacientes con COVID-19, así como su repercusión en la morbimortalidad. Para ello, se llevó a cabo una revisión bibliográfica descriptiva basada en artículos científicos obtenidos de bases de datos indexadas como Scopus, Scielo, Pubmed y Google Académico. La información recopilada fue analizada mediante un enfoque inductivo. Los resultados destacan que la presencia de accesos vasculares en pacientes críticos constituye un riesgo significativo de infección, al proporcionar una vía directa para la entrada de bacterias al torrente sanguíneo. Además, la infección por COVID-19 incrementa el riesgo de una respuesta inmunológica desregulada, mayor susceptibilidad a infecciones secundarias y un aumento en el riesgo de mortalidad. En conclusión, la pandemia de COVID-19 ha expuesto debilidades en los sistemas sanitarios, facilitando la aparición de enfermedades oportunistas como las bacteriemias. Estas infecciones tienen un impacto considerable en la evolución clínica de los pacientes críticos, especialmente en aquellos de edad avanzada y con comorbilidades, lo que se traduce en mayores costos sanitarios, un incremento en el sufrimiento de los pacientes y un aumento significativo en la tasa de morbimortalidad.
Análisis de la devolución del Impuesto al Valor Agregado en adultos mayores y personas con discapacidad en la provincia de El Oro: una visión para América Latina
Authors: Soto Bermeo Omar Vinicio , Trávez Chiquito Mónica Patricia , Panchi Mayo Viviana Pastora
Published: February 2025

El estudio evaluó la devolución del Impuesto al Valor Agregado (IVA) y su impacto en adultos mayores y personas con discapacidad en la provincia de El Oro, Ecuador, durante los años 2021, 2022 y 2023. El objetivo fue valorar la efectividad del proceso para mejorar su aplicación y maximizar su impacto en la calidad de vida de los beneficiarios. La investigación utilizó un enfoque cuantitativo con encuestas a 382 beneficiarios y se centró en principios de equidad fiscal, redistribución de ingresos e inclusión social. Los resultados mostraron que, aunque la devolución representó un alivio económico para muchos, persistieron problemas de accesibilidad y eficacia. Un 56.6% de los encuestados reportaron un impacto positivo en su bienestar económico y acceso a servicios básicos, mientras que un 28.8% no percibió mejoras significativas. Además, el 33.8% opinó que el proceso fue lento, lo que resalta la necesidad de mejorar la eficiencia administrativa. En cuanto a la información disponible, un 33.8% de los encuestados se sintió bien informado, mientras que un 28.5% manifestó desconocer detalles sobre el beneficio. El estudio concluyó que, a pesar de la valoración positiva del programa, se requieren ajustes en su implementación, como mejorar la comunicación, simplificar trámites y revisar el monto de la devolución, para asegurar que cumpla su objetivo de inclusión y equidad fiscal.
Pandemic Preparedness: Lessons Learned from Covid-19
Authors:   School of Applied Health Sciences Kampala International University Uganda, Mwendwa G. Fabiola .
Published: February 2025

The COVID-19 pandemic exposed critical gaps in global pandemic preparedness, underscoring the need for a multifaceted approach to mitigating future crises. This paper examines the epidemiological characteristics of COVID-19, evaluates public health response strategies, and assesses the resilience of healthcare systems and economic structures. While countries worldwide adopted diverse interventions, such as lockdowns, testing, and vaccination campaigns, disparities in outcomes highlighted the importance of tailored, evidence-based strategies. The pandemic also demonstrated the interconnectedness of health and economic systems, emphasizing the necessity for integrated planning and equitable resource distribution. By analyzing lessons from the COVID-19 crisis, this study proposes actionable strategies to transform pandemics from global catastrophes into manageable outbreaks with minimal societal impact.

Keywords: Pandemic preparedness, COVID-19, Public health response, Healthcare system resilience, Economic recovery, Vaccine equity.
Predictions for the Evolution of Arts in Healthcare Practices
Authors:   Faculty of Education, Kampala International University, Uganda, Kashaka Nyiramukama Diana
Published: February 2025

The integration of arts into healthcare practices has deep historical roots, spanning disciplines like music, visual arts, and performance. These modalities have evolved from informal practices to structured therapeutic interventions, contributing to patient well-being and supporting healthcare professionals in addressing burnout and empathy. Recent advancements in technology, such as virtual reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR), are revolutionizing access to the arts in healthcare, while community-led initiatives and policy changes are fostering broader implementation. This paper examines the historical context, current practices, benefits, and challenges associated with arts in healthcare. It also explores technological innovations, emerging trends, and potential future directions for embedding arts into clinical and community health settings. By addressing social determinants of health, promoting holistic care, and enhancing therapeutic environments, the arts hold transformative potential for reshaping healthcare landscapes worldwide.

Keywords: Arts in healthcare, Therapeutic arts, Expressive arts therapy, Social determinants of health, Arts and technology, Patient-centered care.
The Philosophy of Happiness: Eastern Vs. Western Perspectives
Authors:   Faculty of Business, Kampala International University, Uganda, Kyomugisha T. Asiimwe
Published: February 2025

This paper examines the philosophical understandings of happiness as conceptualized in Eastern and Western traditions. It delves into their historical trajectories, key tenets, and cultural underpinnings. While Western philosophy often associates happiness with virtues, rationality, and individual autonomy, rooted in ancient Greece and Enlightenment ideals, Eastern traditions emphasize holistic well-being, interconnectedness, and spiritual enlightenment as seen in Hinduism, Buddhism, Confucianism, and Taoism. Through a comparative analysis, the study highlights how these perspectives converge and diverge in addressing the human pursuit of happiness. Finally, it reflects on the contemporary relevance of these philosophies, proposing an integrated view that bridges cultural divides and enriches the understanding of happiness in an interconnected world.

Keywords: Happiness, Eastern Philosophy, Western Philosophy, Virtue Ethics, Enlightenment, Interconnectedness.