bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Efecto de la regulación del pH y relación C/N en el proceso de compostado con la aplicación de bacterias ácido lácticas en residuos orgánicos
Authors:   , Melo Marmolejo José María
Published: February 2024

La elaboración del compost tradicional es una técnica de descomposición de los desechos orgánicos obteniendo un producto final que es utilizado en la recuperación de suelos con bajos niveles de producción y fertilizantes de plantas. A través de la investigación se quiere establecer un sistema de tratamiento de los residuos orgánicos con la finalidad de aplicar consorcios microbianos para el aceleramiento de la descomposición por ende estos residuos orgánicos son completamente domésticos que están compuestos por verduras, hojarascas, comida desecha etc., el objetivo de este trabajo es la evaluación el efecto del C/N y de pH sobre el proceso del compostado, por lo tanto a nivel teórico nos hace conocer el aumento de aceleración del compostaje desde la etapa inicial hasta la etapa de maduración con el uso de consorcios microbianos estableciendo la relación del C/N y del pH, demostrando la eficiencia de la descomposición por esto, se planteó la metodología es realizar la caracterización de los residuos orgánicos, determinando a generación per cápita y la generación diaria de residuos sólidos, este estudio se realizó ochos días, luego el resultado de la producción de residuos sólidos dentro los zonas urbanas, comerciales, restaurantes y fábricas, en segundo lugar la recolección de los residuos orgánicos son trasladadas al Relleno Sanitario, para la elaboración del compost dentro del proceso se agregó los tratamientos en forma de combinaciones forrajes de leguminosa, estierco, cal, melaza, residuos orgánicos y finalmente consorcios microbianos. Posteriormente el tiempo de maduración para el compostaje se determina con las comparaciones de los tratamientos y los aceleradores como los consorcios microbianos. Finalmente, este trabajo de investigación contribuye en la demostración la eficiencia del uso de los consorcios microbianos, por ende, la visión de esta investigación es garantizar que el producto final de abono orgánico con una alta concentración de nutrientes para el uso de suelos.
La importancia de la educación financiera en la bancarización de la población de Manchay en el 2020
Authors:   , Pérez Hilario Sandy , Reyes Bermeo Angie Yanira Victoria
Published: February 2024

Esta investigación se centra en determinar cómo la educación financiera influye en la bancarización de la población de Manchay, una localidad emergente con estratos bajos-medios, de población joven y de nivel educativo superior que labora generalmente como independiente. La metodología que se emplea es no experimental de tipo descriptiva y explicativa, se aplicó un cuestionario que mide el nivel de educación financiera, también el uso y alcance de los servicios bancarios en Manchay, con los datos se creó el modelo Logit teniendo como endógena BANC (Bancarización) y como principales variables explicativas COFI, HAFI Y ACFI (conocimientos, habilidades y actitudes financieras), el modelo permitió la comprobación de las hipótesis por máxima verisimilitud, con ratio de 111 (Likelihood ratio) y Prob 0.000, cumpliendo así con la convención econométrica de valor Prob ≤ 0.05, por lo tanto la incidencia de las variables exógenas como determinantes para que la persona se encuentren o no bancarizadas. En efecto, la educación financiera es clave para el óptimo desempeño del sistema financiero y permite que las personas tomen decisiones económico-financieras adecuadas.
Comparación in vitro de la resistencia a la fractura de premolares superiores con tratamientos endodónticos mediante accesos conservadores y tradicional con restauración provisoria y final
Authors:   , Hernández Espino Raúl Jonathan
Published: February 2024

Objetivo: la presente investigación tuvo como objetivo principal evaluar la resistencia a la fractura de premolares superiores con tratamientos endodónticos mediante acceso endodóntico conservador ninja (AECN), acceso endodóntico conservador (AEC) y acceso endodóntico tradicional (AET) con restauración provisoria y final. Materiales y métodos: emplearon 42 premolares superiores divididas en siete grupos según el acceso endodóntico: sin cavidad (control), conservador ninja con restauración provisoria, conservador con restauración provisoria, tradicional con restauración provisoria, conservador ninja con restauración final, conservador con restauración final y tradicional con restauración final. Luego de realizar el acceso endodóntico se procedió a culminar el tratamiento de conductos y la restauración, sea provisoria o final. La prueba de resistencia a la fractura se realizó en sus cúspides palatinas, a una carga oblicua de 45°. Resultados: La resistencia a la fractura fue mayor en los grupos de acceso endodóntico conservador ninja (p<0.05), sin embargo no existe diferencia entre acceso endodóntico conservador y tradicional (p>0.05). Asi mismo, el material de restauración no mostró diferencia en la resistencia a la fractura (p>0.05). Conclusiones: El diseño de la cavidad afecta a la resistencia a la fractura, encontrando al acceso conservador ninja con mayor resistencia sobre los demás accesos comparados en el estudio, sin embargo no se encuentra una diferencia significativa entre los materiales restauradores. Los dientes con acceso endodóntico conservador ninja presentaron una resistencia a la fractura similar a los dientes del grupo control.
An Updated Stepped Elongation Time (STeP-Up) Sanger Sequencing Protocol to Economize Workflows and Increase Useability
Authors: Masciarelli Sophia B. , Tharp Olivia M. , Sansbury Brett M.
Published: February 2024

Sanger sequencing methods are an important contribution to the field of genomics. DNA sequencing has a multitude of applications including medical diagnostics, identifying mutations and validating NGS results. Standard DNA sequencing reactions can be time consuming and expensive; these factors may limit the potential of its applications on a larger scale. This updated Stepped Time Elongation (STeP) protocol aims to increase cost effectiveness and DNA sequencing efficiency, while maintaining the highest quality results as standard DNA sequencing.
Application of Protein-Protein interaction network analysis in order to identify Cervical cancer miRNA and mRNA biomarkers
Authors: Tabrizi-Nezhadi Parinaz , MotieGhader Habib , Maleki Masoud , Sahin Soner , Nematzadeh Sajjad , Torkamanian-Afshar Mahsa
Published: February 2024

Cervical cancer (CC) is one of the world's most common and severe cancers. This cancer includes two histological types Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and adenocarcinoma (ADC).In this project, SCC has been studied. The current study aims to identify novel potential candidate mRNA and miRNA biomarkers for CC based on a Protein-Protein Interaction (PPI) and miRNA-mRNA networks analysis. The current project utilized a transcriptome profile for normal and CC samples. First, the PPI network was constructed for the 1335 DEGs, and then a significant gene module was extracted from the PPI network. Next, a list of miRNAs targeting module's genes was collected from the miRTarBaseonline database, and a miRNA-mRNA regulatory network was formed. Afterward, CC driver genes were selected from the module's genes (MCM2, MCM10, POLA1, and TONSL) and introduced as potential candidate biomarkers for CC. As well as, two hub miRNAs, including miR-193b-3p and miR-615-3p, were selected from the miRNA-mRNA regulatory network and reported as possible candidate biomarkers for CC. In summary, six potential candidate RNA-based biomarkers consist of four genes containing MCM2, MCM10, POLA1, and TONSL, and two miRNAs containing miR-193b-3p and miR-615-3p are opposed as potential candidate biomarkers for CC.
Co-expression network analysis illustrates the importance of driver genes in colorectal cancer diagnosis, prevention, and therapy
Authors: Yari Amirhosein , Samadzadeh Anahita , Tabrizi-Nezhad Parinaz , Zadeh Leila Nariman , MotieGhader Habib , Nematzadeh Sajjad
Published: February 2024

Background As the third most common form of cancer worldwide, colorectal cancer (CRC) is a major health concern. The overall aim of this study is to reconstruct a network in order to identify novel biomarkers for diagnostic use, prospective Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals (EDCs) for preventative use, and novel medications for therapeutic use in early-stage CRC. Material and Methods The driver genes linked with early-stage CRC were selected from the gene expression omnibus (GEO) and DriverDB databases. Then with the help of WGCNA (Weighted gene co-expression network analysis), the R package, the co-expression network was reconstructed. Following that, modules were chosen for further analysis. The possible biomarkers and hub genes were identified using the Cytoscape software and the cancer genome atlas (TCGA) database for diagnostic purposes. Then probable EDCs were identified using the Comptox database and the EDC-GENE network was reconstructed and the EDCs with a high degree of risk for preventive purposes were identified. As a next step, the drug-gene network was reconstructed to find effective drugs for colorectal cancer in its early stages. Results The co-expression network was constructed using the 1108 driver genes mRNA expression values of 70 early-stage CRC and 12 healthy control samples. The clustering results show that the overlapping gene set is divided into 27 modules. In our study, five modules (indicated by the colors of dark green, dark orange, light cyan, royal blue, and purple) were identified according to the average linkage hierarchical clustering and Zsummaryless than 2. Then we find 17 high-degree genes of these modules as potential biomarkers for diagnostic issues. Moreover, we explored 25 potential high degrees of Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals that affect the main genes of each module for preventing purposes. Finally, we identified 27 potential high-degree drugs that affect the main genes of each module as treating aims. Then, these biomarkers, EDCs, and drugs that may be tested as a basis for future research were introduced. Conclusion The goal of this study was to identify candidate biomarkers for early detection, possible EDCs for prevention, and treatment agents for colorectal cancer. These biomarkers, EDCs, and drugs will help in the early detection, prevention, and treatment of colorectal cancer. Bioinformatics, computational biology, and systems biology methods were used to reach these claims; hence, they need to be tested in the lab. We anticipate that these results will provide important new insights into the etiology and early evolution of CRC and that they will inspire the development of novel approaches to treating this aggressive and lethal malignancy.
A context-aware framework for recommendation-based adaptive user interfaces in Smart Product-Service System
Authors: Carrera-Rivera Angela , Larrinaga Felix , Lasa Ganix , Martinez-Arellano Giovanna , Unamuno Gorka
Published: February 2024

Smart Product-Service Systems (S-PSS) represent an innovative business model that integrates intelligent products with advanced digital capabilities and corresponding e-services. The User Experience (UX) within an S-PSS is heavily influenced by the individualization of services and customer empowerment. However, conventional UX analysis primarily focuses on the design stage and may not adequately respond to the evolving user needs during the usage stage and how to exploit the data surrounding the use of S-PSS. To overcome these limitations, this article introduces a practical framework for developing adaptive user interfaces within S-PSS. This framework integrates ontologies and context-aware recommendation systems, with user interactions serving as the primary data source, facilitating the development of adaptive user interfaces. One of the main contributions of this work lies on the integration of various components to achieve the creation of adaptive user interfaces for digital services. A case study of a smart device app is presented, to demonstrate the practical implementation of the framework, with a hands-on development approach, considering technological aspects and utilizing appropriate tools. The results of the evaluation of the recommendation engine show that using a context-aware approach improves the precision of recommendations. Furthermore, pragmatic aspects of UX, such as usefulness and system efficiency, are evaluated with participants with an overall positive impact on the use of the smart device.
Decoding functional hematopoietic progenitor cells in the adult human lung
Authors: Conrad Catharina , Magnen Melia , Tsui Jessica , Wismer Harrison , Naser Mohammad , Venkataramani Urmila , Samad Bushra , Cleary Simon J , Qiu Longhui , Tian Jennifer J , De Giovanni Marco , Mende Nicole , Passegue Emmanuelle , Laurenti Elisa , Combes Alexis J , Looney Mark R
Published: February 2024

The bone marrow is the main site of blood cell production in adults, however, rare pools of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells with self-renewal and differentiation potential have been found in extramedullary organs. The lung is primarily known for its role in gas exchange but has recently been described as a site of blood production in mice. Here, we show that functional hematopoietic precursors reside in the extravascular spaces of the human lung, at a frequency similar to the bone marrow, and are capable of proliferation and engraftment. The organ-specific gene signature of pulmonary and medullary CD34+ hematopoietic progenitors indicates greater baseline activation of immune, megakaryocyte/platelet and erythroid-related pathways in lung progenitors. Spatial transcriptomics mapped blood progenitors in the lung to a vascular-rich alveolar interstitium niche. These results identify the lung as a pool for uniquely programmed blood stem and progenitor cells with the potential to support hematopoiesis in humans.
Multi-cohort cerebrospinal fluid proteomics identifies robust molecular signatures for asymptomatic and symptomatic Alzheimer’s disease.
Authors: Cruchaga Carlos , Ali Muhammad , Shen Yuanyuan , Do Anh , Wang Lihua , Western Daniel , Liu Menghan , Beric Aleksandra , Budde John , Gentsch Jen , Schindler Suzanne , Morris John , Holtzman David , Fernández Maria , Ruiz Agustín , Alvarez Ignacio , Aguilar Miquel , Pastor Pau , Rutledge Jarod , Oh Hamilton , Wilson Edward , Guen Yann Le , Khalid Rana , Robins Chloe , Pulford David , Ibanez Laura , Wyss-Coray Tony , Sung Yun Ju
Published: February 2024

Changes in Amyloid-β (A), hyperphosphorylated Tau (T) in brain and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) precedes AD symptoms, making CSF proteome a potential avenue to understand the pathophysiology and facilitate reliable diagnostics and therapies. Using the AT framework and a three-stage study design (discovery, replication, and meta-analysis), we identified 2,173 proteins dysregulated in AD, that were further validated in a third totally independent cohort. Machine learning was implemented to create and validate highly accurate and replicable (AUC>0.90) models that predict AD biomarker positivity and clinical status. These models can also identify people that will convert to AD and those AD cases with faster progression. The associated proteins cluster in four different protein pseudo-trajectories groups spanning the AD continuum and were enrichment in specific pathways including neuronal death, apoptosis and tau phosphorylation (early stages), microglia dysregulation and endolysosomal dysfuncton(mid-stages), brain plasticity and longevity (mid-stages) and late microglia-neuron crosstalk (late stages).
Probing Electromagnetic Nonreciprocity with Quantum Geometry of Photonic States
Authors: Petrides Ioannis , Curtis Jonathan , Wesson Marie , Yacoby Amir , Narang Prineha
Published: February 2024

Reciprocal and nonreciprocal effects in dielectric and magnetic materials provide crucial information about the microscopic properties of electrons. However, experimentally distinguishing the two has proven to be challenging, especially when the associated effects are extremely small. To this end, we propose a contact-less detection using a cross-cavity device where a material of interest is placed at its centre. We show that the optical properties of the material, such as Kerr and Faraday rotation, or, birefringence, manifest in the coupling between the cavity's electromagnetic modes and in the shift of their resonant frequencies. By calculating the dynamics of a geometrical photonic state, we formulate a measurement protocol based on the quantum metric (and quantum process tomography) that isolates the individual components of the material's complex refractive index and minimizes the quantum mechanical Cramer-Rao bound on the variance of the associated parameter estimation. Our approach is expected to be applicable across a broad spectrum of experimental platforms including Fock states in optical cavities, or, coherent states in microwave and THz resonators.
Repeatability and reproducibility of VR in automated measurement and diagnosis of strabismus
Authors: Fu Jing , Wang Yumeng , Liu Jiawen , Chen Weiwei , Jiang Meixia
Published: February 2024

Background To explore the accuracy and reproducibility of VR technology for strabismus screening.Methods In this cross-sectional study, a total of 191 subjects were included. Examinations included VR technology based on infrared, the cover-uncover test, and the prism alternating cover test (PACT) at various gaze positions, specifically at distances of 33cm and 6m. The accuracy of VR in diagnosing strabismus and quantifying the degree of strabismus was evaluated by comparing the VR results to the average outcomes of manual examinations conducted by the two physicians, considered the gold standard.Results A total of 88 healthy individuals, 81 exotropia patients, 17 esotropia patients, and 5 vertical strabismus patients were included in this study, and each subject was screened for less than 2 min. The sensitivity of VR for screening strabismus was 80.3% and the specificity was 80%, displaying moderately consistent with the manual results (Kappa = 0.598, p < 0.001). The sensitivity for diagnosing exotropia was 76.5% and the specificity was 91.8%, also showing strong agreement with the manual results (Kappa = 0.695, p < 0.001). The sensitivity for diagnosing esotropia was 94.1% and the specificity was 95.4%, with strong agreement with the manual results (Kappa = 0.755, p < 0.001). The sensitivity for diagnosing vertical strabismus was 80% and the specificity was 98.9%, with strong agreement with manual results (Kappa = 0.719, p < 0.001). Reproducibility of VR compared to manual results, expressed as intraclass correlation efficient (ICC), was moderately reproducible for exotropia in near mode (ICC = 0.587, range, -0.036-0.826) and less reproducible for exotropia in far mode (ICC = 0.349, range, -0.042-0.615). ICC was highly reproducible (ICC = 0.701, range,0.358–0.879) for the esotropic far mode results (6m) and not statistically significant for the esotropic near mode results (33cm). ICC was moderately reproducible (ICC = 0.606, range, -0.143-0.946) for the vertical-near-mode results (33cm) and not statistically significant for the vertical-far-mode results (6m).Conclusions This novel technique for strabismus screening, which utilizes virtual reality technology, enables quick, precise, and straightforward diagnosis of strabismus. It has also shown notable efficacy in accurately measuring the angle of deviation in cases of exotropia.
Detection of PD-L1 Expression and Its Clinical Significance in Circulating Tumor Cells from Patients with Hypopharyngeal and Laryngeal Cancers (HLC)
Authors: Li Chen , Zhu Hongyu , Lin Qin , Chen Wei , Huang Xiaoting , Wang Desheng
Published: February 2024

Programmed death ligand 1(PD-L1) plays a pivotal role as an immunoregulatory checkpoint within the immune system, exerting a critical influence on the internal functioning and survival mechanisms of cancer cells. Our study aimed to elucidate the clinical significance of PD-L1 expression in circulating tumor cells (CTCs) derived from individuals afflicted with Hypopharyngeal and Laryngeal Cancers (HLCs), as well as its potential implications for clinical practice. CTC were identified using an immunomagnetic positive sorting methodology. The sensitivity and specificity of this sorting system were evaluated through infrared, ultraviolet, particle size and electrostatic potential evaluations. Additionally, in vitro analyses were conducted to assess the binding proficiency and cytotoxic impact of immunolipid magnetic nanobeads. Simultaneous detection was conducted on the CTC levels among PD-L1-positive patients, aiming to ascertain the dynamic relationship between real-time CTC fluctuations and the clinicopathological indices of the patients. The constructed immunolipid magnetic nano-beads demonstrated pronounced efficacy in capturing circulating tumor cells (CTCs), and the lipid nanoparticles exhibited noteworthy capture efficiency coupled with minimal cytotoxic effects. This investigation encompassed a cohort exceeding 30 individuals, wherein PD-L1 expression analysis was executed to delineate CTC variations within PD-L1-positive patients, thereby yielding auxiliary insights for clinical diagnosis. Subsequent assessment of PD-L1 expression consistency between CTCs and tissue specimens revealed a substantial agreement surpassing 70%. Furthermore, inhibition of PD-L1 yielded a significant elevation in the cytokine TNF-α levels, accompanied by a concomitant reduction in IL-10 levels. The CTC sorting system devised in this investigation boasts attributes of remarkable specificity and sensitivity. Serving as a viable substitute when procuring tissue samples is arduous, this system partly mitigates the challenge of accessing tumor tissues. By virtue of PD-L1 expression analysis, it holds the potential to offer instructive implications for tailoring individualized treatments in clinical scenarios.
Drug Prescription Awareness Among Dental Students in Kerala: a Survey of Current Knowledge and Awareness
Authors: V Syam Kumar , Rajeev Gayathri , M Anwar , Krishna Archana , P Anju , Raj Anitta C
Published: February 2024

Background: Prescribing medicine is a core skill for dentists, impacting patient safety and requiring knowledge of medications, dosages, and risks. This study evaluates dental students' awareness of these critical aspects in Kerala, India.
Objective: This study aimed to assess drug prescription awareness among dental students in Kerala, India, highlighting current knowledge, standard practices, and areas for improvement.
Methods: We actively recruited 300 final-year BDS students and dental house surgeons from various colleges throughout Kerala to participate in a cross-sectional survey. The participants actively completed a validated questionnaire that assessed their drug prescription practices, knowledge of common conditions and medications, and preferred information sources. Descriptive statistics and inferential analyses were then actively employed to evaluate the collected data.
Results: Dental pain emerged as the most commonly treated condition (57.7%), with Amoxicillin reigning as the antibiotic of choice (69.2%-76.3%). Textbooks reigned supreme as the primary source of prescription information (66.4%-58.3%), even as most participants (78.1%-72.4%) acknowledged the WHO prescribing guidelines. While interns demonstrably boasted greater confidence in their knowledge, nearly half of all participants grappled with a lack of confidence in drug dosage and frequency. Incorrect dosage stood out as the Achilles' heel of prescription practices (71.9%-77.6%). Strengths included awareness of the correct route of delivery (61.6%-74.4%) and adherence to WHO guidelines.
Conclusion: Dental students in Kerala demonstrate fair drug prescription awareness but have gaps in knowledge regarding dosage, frequency, and duration. Textbooks are the primary information source, highlighting the need for more in-depth education and reliance on evidence-based resources. Targeted interventions focused on these areas could enhance prescribing practices and patient safety.
Clinical relevance: A clear understanding of drug prescription forms an essential foundation of clinical practice among future dental practitioners. Assessing this is necessary to form corrective measures in our education system that ensure sufficient and succinct therapeutic practices.
Green Synthesis of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles from Allium cepa Skin: Photocatalytic Degradation and Antibacterial Properties
Authors: Sowjanya Bandela , King Pulipati , Vangalapati Meena , Myneni Venkata Ratnam
Published: February 2024

The present study uses a bio-waste i.e., skin of Allium cepa, for green synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles. The nanoparticles A.Cepa-ZnONP were tested for their photo catalytic degradation efficacy towards harmful dyes. Additionally, the anti-bacterial properties of A.Cepa-ZnONP were evaluated against four organisms, namely Escherichia coli (EC), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA), Bacillus cereus (BC), and Staphylococcus aureus (SA). The synthesized A.Cepa-ZnONP was characterized with scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDX), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) methods. The A.Cepa-ZnONP demonstrated efficient degradation of Crystal Violet (CV), Rhodamine B (RB), and Methylene blue (MB) dyes, achieving maximum degradation percentages of 99.21%, 95.63%, and 92.34%, respectively, while operating under optimal process conditions. The rate constant values for CV, RB, and MB dyes at a temperature of 328K were determined to be 0.1063, 0.0758, and 0.0447 min-1, respectively. The activation energy values for CV, RB, and MB dyes were determined to be 12.28, 18.437, and 50.623 kJ/mol, respectively. The successful regeneration of photo catalytic material A.Cepa-ZnONP is a crucial milestone in guaranteeing their long-term effectiveness and practical usability.
Zinc finger transcription factor FoZfp1 is required for growth, conidiation, osmoregulation, and full virulence in the Polygonatum kingianum pathogen Fusarium oxysporum
Authors: Su Jianyun , Wang Jingyi , Tang Jingying , Yu Weimei , Liu Jiajia , Dong Xian , Dong Jiahong , Chai Xia , Ji Pengzhang , Zhang Lei
Published: February 2024

Polygonatum kingianum rhizome rot is a destructive soil-borne disease caused by Fusarium oxysporum, which adversely affects the yield and sustainable development of P. kingianum. However, there are few effective control measures against rhizome rot. Thus, understanding the infection mechanism of F. oxysporum is essential to manage rhizome rot in P. kingianum effectively. In this study, zinc finger transcription factor FoZfp1 consisting of two C2H2 motifs was up-regulated during F. oxysporum conidial germination. The FoZfp1 gene deletion mutant (△FoZfp1) and the mutant complementary (△FoZfp1-C) strains were generated by the target gene replacement technique. Biological characteristic analyses revealed that the △FoZfp1 mycelial growth and conidial production were slower than those of the wild-type F. oxysporum (WT) and △FoZfp1-C. Additionally, the inhibition rates and sensitivity of △FoZfp1 under cell wall and osmotic targeted stresses were decreased compared to those of WT and △FoZfp1-C. Pathogenicity assays further revealed that the virulence of △FoZfp1 on the P. kingianum leaves and rhizomes was significantly reduced. These results indicate that FoZfp1 is associated with mycelial growth, conidiation, osmoregulation, and pathogenicity in F. oxysporum on P. kingianum.
Delineating Plio-Pleistocene channels (gas reservoirs) via seismic attributes in Baltim Gas Field, Nile Delta, Egypt
Authors: EL-SAYED Ali , Mohamed Walid , Mohsen Ahmed
Published: February 2024

The offshore Nile Delta's Baltim gas fields contain extremely substantial gas condensate accumulations. Therefore, defining Pleistocene reservoirs (El-Wastani formation) and Pliocene reservoirs (Kafr El-Sheikh formation) is the primary objective of this research. A variety of data from five wells, such as gamma-ray, density, neutron, sonic, and resistivity wireline logs. These well logs are put together with seismic data, and a synthetic seismogram is used to find the right gas horizon interpretation for both of anomalies. Using seismic attributes while looking the existing seismic data makes it much easier for interpreters to learn more about the existing geological features. This investigation primarily aims to verify the presence of two potential gas anomalies, first is the structural attributes which include by applying seismic attributes in addition to conventional seismic interpretation. Seismic attributes are significant to ensure the two prospective gas anomalies by applying two different types of seismic attributes. First is the structural attributes which include discontinuity and fault likelihood (FLH), which are very important for fault detection. They are also important for examining the gas leakage to determine if the main fault is fully sealed, partially sealed, or non-sealed. The second is stratigraphic attribute, with different types. In this study, three stratigraphic attributes were applied: sweetness, reflection strength, which is a good tool for gas identification as high sweet points and high reflectivity; also, the third type of attribute is spectral decomposition, which is a good type for channel identification and determine of channel fairway as existence in the second Pliocene anomaly, which reflects the best place for drilling development wells. This study area is illustrated through seismic interpretation of 3D re-processed seismic data collected in 2018 and 5 wells data.
Evaluation of the Utility of the Renal Angina Index for the Early Diagnosis of Severe Acute Kidney Injury in Critically Ill Pediatric Patients in Three Institutions in Low-Resource Country
Authors: Flórez Jennifer Morantes , Bernal Kasey Fuentes , Piñeres-Olave Byron , Peña Oscar , Fernandez Mauricio , Montoya Francisco , Alvarez Eliana Maria , Jaramillo-Bustamante Juan Camilo
Published: February 2024

Background: Acute kidney injury (AKI) occurring in up to 30% of children admitted to the intensive care unit. Creatinine is the primary functional marker for AKI; however, its utility in early diagnosis is limited. The renal angina index (RAI) has proven to be an effective predictive model for early injury, with limited evidence in Colombia regarding its performance.
Methods: Prospective, analytical, multicenter diagnostic test study in critically ill children in three pediatric intensive care units (PICUs) in Medellín, Colombia. We assess the diagnostic utility of the positive RAI as an early predictor of severe AKI.
Results: Between August 2022 and February 2023, 191 patients were analyzed. The incidence of AKI was 12.5/100 patients, 26% exhibited a positive RAI, 12.6% developed severe AKI at 72 hours. Among RAI-positive patients when comparing with negative, 75% experienced severe AKI (RR 3.23; 95% CI 1.61-6.49), 14% required renal support therapy (RR 2.09; 95% CI 0.95-4.59), and 8% died within 28 days (p=0.964). The sensitivity of RAI for early diagnosis of severe AKI was 85.71%, specificity 78.3%, PPV 24%, NPV 98.5%, AUC 0.812 (95% CI 0.72-0.92). To the patients with a doubled baseline creatinine, 33% developed AKI at 72 hours (RR 1.45; 95% CI 1.09-1.92).
Conclusions: The RAI proved to be a marker for early prediction of severe AKI in critically ill children, potentially serving as a useful tool to improve outcomes related to the presence of AKI compared to the isolated use of creatinine.
Bacillus Intervention: Microbial Ecological Mechanisms for Controlling Root Rot in Coptis chinensis Franch
Authors: Liao Hailang , Ke Wenjia , Chen Sixun , Dong Jijing , Liao Wan , Xu Binjie , Zhou Tao , Ma Yuntong
Published: February 2024

Background:
Coptis root rot (CRR) poses a significant threat to the yield and medicinal quality of Coptis chinensis (Cc), primarily attributed to the presence of Fusarium. This study investigates the potential of four Rhizosphere Bacillus bacteria as biological control agents to combat CRR. These bacteria, namely B. mycoides LB-021, B. pseudomycoides YEM-005, B. velezensis JM-1, and B. subtilis TR-064, were sourced from the rhizosphere of Cc roots. While their antagonistic efficacy has been demonstrated in controlled environments, the translation of their capabilities to field conditions and their impact on the microecological balance within Coptis roots require further exploration.
Results:
Bacillus introduction significantly reconfigures Cc root microbial communities, simplifying the network. Genera enrichment (Arthrobacter, Sphingobium, Pseudomonas, etc.) and Flavobacterium/Gemmatimonas reduction promote plant growth, disease resistance, and soil health. Bacillus triggers antibiotic synthesis (ansamycin, macrolides, etc.), fortifying plant defence against pathogens. Correlations with transcriptome/metabolome highlight Bacillus's influence on root genetics/chemistry. KEGG analysis reveals Bacillus impact on critical plant metabolic pathways.
Conclusions
In conclusion, this study delves into the dynamic relationship between plants and microorganisms in their natural environment, specifically focusing on the role of microbial communities in the rhizosphere. The introduction of Bacillus has a profound impact on the composition and behaviour of the root microbial community, enriching beneficial genera and inducing the synthesis of antibiotics and metabolites that enhance the defence ability of plants. The research emphasizes Bacillus's pivotal role in shaping molecular and metabolic responses, suggesting its eco-friendly potential in enhancing plant disease resistance as an alternative to chemical pesticides.
Treatment of Iron Deficiency Anaemmia in Pregnancy Study. The Clinical Impact of Treatment for Iron Deficiency Anaemia using an Optimized Care Pathway in accordance with national guidelines
Authors: Churchill David , Ali Hind , Sweity Samaher , Bautista Dianne , Moussa Mahmoud , Devison Laura , Icke Julie , Stanworth Simon J
Published: February 2024

Iron deficiency anaemia is a common disorder affecting up to 30% of pregnant women. Treatment guidelines for iron deficiency anaemia in pregnancy exist, which if adopted, can reduce the associated risks of maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality. Objective: To optimise the implementation of the British Society of Haematology (BSH) guidelines, for the treatment of iron deficiency anaemia (IDA) in pregnancy, assessing response rates and predictability of response. Study population: A prospective cohort study of pregnant women with IDA at a single site. Methods: Women with anaemia were offered follow-up through a dedicated anaemia clinic. First line treatment was with ferrous sulphate 200mg three time a day as per earlier BSH guidelines. The response was assessed 2 to 4 weeks later by measuring the haemoglobin (Hb) concentration. A response was defined in 2 ways; i) a haematological response (HRes), a 10g/L increase in Hb and ii) adjusted obstetric response (ORes), a 10g/L increase in Hb and/or gestationally adjusted normalisation of the Hb. Education and advice were provided to women, with on-going follow-up at clinic appointments including an assessment of side effects. Continuing non-response led to an offer of intravenous iron infusion (IVI). Following a response with oral iron, treatment was continued for a further 3 months when the women were again reviewed. Results: The initial rate of HRes to a first course of oral iron was 36.5% and for ORES at 55.2%. At the end of all follow up, post-delivery, the HRes rate was 70.5% and ORes 88.5% (excluding 9 women lost to follow up). Responders (HRes) to oral iron had lower median Hb at diagnosis 95g/L compared to non-responders 100g/L. The responders median Hb was 113g/l versus 103g/L for non-responders at first follow-up and was Hb 122g/L versus 110 g/L, respectively, at the end of the study. The same pattern was seen for ORes. Non-responders reported more side effects than responders 15% versus 5% respectively. Logistic modelling suggested Hb at diagnosis, ethnicity, trimester at recruitment, marital status and parity had a predictive accuracy for a response of 75%. The specificity was high 89.8% but sensitivity low 42.9%. Conclusion: Oral iron treatment for IDA in pregnancy is challenging to deliver due to side effects and poor adherence, despite national guidelines. High rates of non-response were seen even in the setting of a specialist anaemia clinic. Alternative strategies such as prevention of IDA need to be evaluated.
Evaluation of Aerosol Optical Depth (Aod) Estimated by Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service (Cams) in Brazil
Authors: Júnior Altemar Lopes Pedreira , Curado Leone Francisco Amorim , Palácios Rafael da Silva , Santos Luiz Octávio Fabricio dos , Querino Carlos Alexandre Santos , Querino Juliane Kayse Albuquerque da Silva , Rodrigues Thiago Rangel , Marques João Basso
Published: February 2024

The optical depth of aerosols plays a crucial role in scientific research and environmental policies, making it possible to understand the distribution and extent of aerosols in various regions of Brazil. The objective of this study is to evaluate the estimates of Aerosol Optical Depth (AOD) from the Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service (CAMS) product in Brazil. The study covered the sites of Alta Floresta, Ji-Paraná, Rio Branco, Manaus, ATTO, São Paulo-EACH, São Paulo, Itajubá, Cuiabá, São Martinho, Petrolina and Campo Grande. Measured and estimated values were evaluated using Pearson correlation index "r", accuracy using Willmott index "d", Mean Squared Error, Mean Absolute Error and Percentage Bias. Results from the CAMS product showed good agreement with AOD measurements from the Aerosol Robotic Network. There was a strong correlation between the data, with Willmott index "d" values close to 1 and relatively low errors. However, significant differences were observed in some sites, such as Ji-Paraná, Rio Branco, Manaus and ATTO, where the CAMS tended to overestimate the AOD, while in Petrolina there was an underestimation. Variations in AOD occurred in various regions of Brazil over the years analyzed, with an increase during the dry season due to fires and human activities, and a reduction during the rainy months. The areas most affected were those close to the arc of deforestation in the Amazon. Aerosol concentrations have also been influenced by climatic factors, agricultural, industrial and urban activities in different regions of the country. This variability highlights the complexity of the natural and anthropogenic factors that affect air quality and emphasizes the importance of control and mitigation strategies for aerosol emissions. Therefore, the CAMS has demonstrated satisfactory performance in estimating the AOD in Brazil, providing valuable information on aerosol concentrations.
Sexual Dysfunction among Follow-up Patients with Schizophrenia in Southwest Ethiopia.
Authors: Ayalew Semaw , Tesfaye Elias , Ahmed Gutema , Weldemariam Hailemariam
Published: February 2024

Background: Sexual dysfunction is a broad collection of illnesses marked by major clinical changes in a person's capacity to respond to or enjoy sexual pleasure. Patients with schizophrenia are highly experience sexual dysfunction. The current study is conducted to address the dearth of data on sexual dysfunction status among follow-up patients with schizophrenia in Ethiopia despite the disorder is known for its severe clinical complications and disabilities.
Method: Hospital-based cross-sectional study design and systematic random sampling technique was used to select 423 follow-up patients with schizophrenia in Southwest Ethiopia. The Change in Sexual Functioning Questionnaire (CSFQ-14) was used to measure sexual dysfunction. Logistic regression model, 95% CI odds ratio, p-value < 0.05, and descriptive statistics were employed.
Results: A total of 419 participants were interviewed with 99.05% response rate. The mean age of study participants was 35.1 ± 8.98 years. Majority of the respondents, 281 (67.1%) were males. Sexual dysfunction was expected to affect 66.3% of people (95% confidence interval: 61.6%, 70.9%). Having an older age (AOR 2.69; 95% CI: 1.214, 5.967, & 6.73; 95% CI: 2.767, 16.368), being male gender (AOR 2.44; 95% CI: 1.449, 4.108), longer illness duration (AOR 4.04; 95% CI: 2.150, 7.586), atypical antipsychotic use (AOR 3.74; 95% CI: 2.270, 6.149), and having poor quality of life (AOR 3.01; CI: 1.851, 4.881) became significantly associated with Sexual dysfunction in this study.
Conclusion: In the present study, 2/3 of follow-up patients with schizophrenia suffer from sexual dysfunction which is alarming state to professionals in mental health as well as interventions designing organizations.
First identification and isolation of Varicellovirus Equidalpha1 in aborted fetal lung tissues of donkeys
Authors: Tong Panpan , Pan Juanjuan , Dang Yueyi , Yang Enhui , Jia Chenyang , Duan Ruli , Tian Shuyao , Palidan Nuerlan , Kuang Ling , Wang Chuanfeng , Lu Gang , Xie Jinxin
Published: February 2024

Background: Varicellovirus equidalpha1 (formerly Equid alphaherpesvirus 1, EqAHV-1) is commonly linked to horse abortion. Currently, there are no reported cases of abortion resulting from EqAHV-1 infection in donkeys.
Case presentation: This was the first survey-based study of Chinese donkeys, which identified EqAHV-1 in three aborted fetal lung tissues of donkeys via PCR technique. This survey was conducted in Chabuchar County, north Xinjiang, China, 2020. A donkey EqAHV-1 strain (Chabuchar/2020) was successfully isolated in MDBK cells. Moreover, the ORF33 sequence of the donkey-origin EqAHV-1 Chabuchar/2020 showed a high level of similarity, both in nucleotide (nt) (99.7 to 100%) and amino acid (99.5 to 100%) sequences, with horse EqAHV-1 strains. The discovery of EqAHV-1 Chabuchar/2020 revealed a remarkably consistent region, leading to its classification within cluster 1 of horse EqAHV-1 strains. Further, analysis of the expected ORF30 nt sequence revealed that donkey EqAHV-1 strains contained guanine (G) at the 2254 position of nt, leading to the presence of aspartic acid (D) at the 752 positions of the viral DNA polymerase. Therefore, these strains were classified as horse neuropathogenic strains. Lastly, a phylogenic network model was constructed via partial ORF68 nt sequences. This model disclosed that newly identified donkey EqAHV-1, and China's EqAHV-1, which was found in aborted Yili horses, comprised a novel independent VIII group.
Conclusion: This study showed the first detection and isolation of EqAHV-1 as an etiological agent of abortions in donkeys. Further analysis of the ORF33, ORF30, and ORF68 sequences indicated that the donkey EqAHV-1 contained the neuropathogenic genotype in the VIII group. It is important to pay attention to EqAHV-1 infection in the donkey population, even though the virus has only been identified in donkey abortions in China.
A case haploinsuffificiency of A20 was initial diagnosed as systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: lingling GENG , Xue Xiuhong , Peng Yue , Wen Xinran , Wang Li , Shi Duomei , Li Xiaoqing
Published: February 2024

Background
Haploinsuffificiency of A20 (HA20) is one of inborn errors of immunity causing severe autoinflammatory and autoimmune disorders.
Case presentation:
Here we reported a case of a 1-year-and-9-month-old boy presented for treatment with pain, swelling and limited mobility in his right ankle. Multiple positive autoantibodies were examined with a history of recurrent oral ulcers during follow-up, and finally diagnosed as HA20 by molecular genetic testing. Clinical symptoms were relieved after treatment.
Conclusion
The clinical heterogeneity of HA20 is significant, the child presented with arthritis, recurrent oral ulcer, positive autoantibodies, mild to moderate anemia, inflammatory markers, and multiple ulcers under colonoscopy, which were similar to systemic lupus erythematosus. Additionally, a new mutation determining a framesetter change of TNFAIP3 gene was detected.
Morphometric characterization of normal and dysplastic canine coxofemoral joint using radiography, and 3D printed models
Authors: Gebriel Maryam E , Mostafa Ayman A. , Tolba Ayman , Shaker Nora A , Abouelela Yara S , Farid Mariam F , Noor Nawal A
Published: February 2024

Background: The present study aimed to differentiate between normal and dysplastic canine coxofemoral joints by assessing the corresponding bone specimens and digital X-rays moreover, our study provides a substitute teaching strategy using 3D-printed models of canine coxofemoral joints. This work was conducted on twenty-eight mixed breed dogs, sixteen dogs were used for bone preparation samples by boiling method, then these bones were scanned to create relatively identical 3D printed models. twelve dogs were anesthetized for the radiological study. An extended ventrodorsally radiograph of the coxofemoral joint was obtained to calculate the Norberg angle, Centre-edge angle, and dorsal acetabular femoral head coverage width and area indices.
Results: The study's results illustrated the normal conformational anatomic criteria associated with healthy coxofemoral joints versus dysplastic joints in both bone specimens and 3D-printed models. In a normal joint, the coxofemoral articulation was congruent and smoothly margined with the acetabulum being deep and the femoral head being hemispherical. However, the dysplastic coxofemoral joint showed shallow acetabular fossa and a deformed, flattened femoral head with associated osseous proliferation and joint incongruity. The Norberg angle, Centre-edge angle, dorsal acetabular femoral head coverage width, and area indices differed significantly between normal and dysplastic joints. In normal coxofemoral joints, the mean ± (standard deviation) SD value of the Norberg angle was 115.5± 3.05 a, and the Centre-edge angle was 32.57± 3.54 a. The indices of dorsal acetabular femoral head coverage area and width were 52.94± 3.41 a, and 58.32± 5.33 arespectively.
Conclusion: Finally, this work presented alternative teaching models (3d printing) that play an important role in the veterinary field and assist in the understanding of the normal structure and dysplastic state of canine coxofemoral joint. Also, some parameters were measured in x-rays of normal and dysplastic coxofemoral joint to detect hip dysplasia, which helps exclude the highly diseased dogs before breeding.
Endothelial cells-derived Exosomes-based Hydrogel Improved Tendinous Repair via anti- inflammatory and Tissue Regeneration-promoting Properties
Authors: Dou Yichen , Zhai Hong , Li Haiqiu , Xing Hanlin , Zhu Cheng , Xuan Zhaopeng
Published: February 2024

Tendon injuries are common orthopedic ailments with a challenging healing trajectory, especially prominent in cases like Achilles tendon afflictions. The healing trajectory of tendon injuries is often suboptimal, leading to scar formation and functional impairment due to inherent low metabolic activity and vascularization of tendon tissue. The pressing need for effective interventions has led to exploring biomaterials to augment tendon healing. However, tissue engineering approaches face hurdles in optimizing tissue scaffolds and nanomedical strategies. To navigate these challenges, we innovated an injectable hydrogel amalgamated with Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells derived exosomes (HUVECs-Exos) aiming for enhanced tendon repair. Employing this concoction in a rat Achilles tendon injury model, both in vivo and in vitro explorations were conducted, unveiling augmented mechanical fortitude, modulated inflammation, stimulated tendon regeneration, and expedited functional recuperation. Extensive in vivo assessments entailed histological and behavioral evaluations. Mechanically, HUVECs-Exos modulated the cellular behavior of macrophages and tendon-derived stem cells (TDSCs) by inhibiting inflammation-related pathways and promoting proliferation-related pathways. Our findings delineate that the HUVECs-Exos epitomized a viable bioactive medium for tendon restoration, heralding a promising avenue for clinical amelioration of tendon injuries.