bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Recent controversies in liver transplantation
Authors: Yadav Dipesh Kumar , Zhang Qi , Li Bai Xue , Liang Tingbo
Published: September 2020

The chronicle backdrop of liver transplantation (LT) is an intricate story to reveal- it is an adventure of extraordinary achievement and catastrophic disappointments. Historically, controversies and LT seems to be synonymous.

Despite the improvements in results, LT is still facing lots of challenges and controversies, whereby demand is high but the resources, primarily concerned to donor, are very limited.

 We have focused our perspective on LT for HCV-related cirrhosis and nutritional support for cachectic patients awaiting LT.
Development and implementation of clinical presentation curriculum at PAHS School of Medicine
Authors: Shrestha Shrijana
Published: September 2020

Patan Academy of Health Sciences School of Medicine (PAHS SOM) has implemented innovative curriculum in line with its mission of producing technically competent and socially responsible doctors. One important strategy is the Clinical Presentation (CP) curriculum.

 During clinical years undergraduate medical students are taught through CP comprising of 112 common CPs. Each presentation have a schema which is a diagnostic reasoning map. Using the schema, graduates are able to scientifically approach clinical problems, categorize them into diagnostic categories with the help of their basic science knowledge, clinical findings and investigation results to gradually proceed from general and broader categories to more specific categories and finally coming down to the closest possible diagnosis or diagnoses. The diseases or conditions covered by each CPs are outlined while some overlapping and repetitions are expected. The teachings are done as small group sessions with 8-12 students and therefore demands more faculty time.

 With committed faculties and supportive leadership, successful implementation of the curriculum has been possible at PAHS SOM and the first four batches of students trained in this curriculum have already graduated and serving the society
Factors associated with treatment outcomes in anti-snake venom (ASV) administered snakebite patients
Authors: Devkota Gaurav
Published: September 2020

Introduction: Snakebite is a neglected tropical disease causing many deaths and serious consequences in Asia and Africa. Anti-snake Venom (ASV) is effective to prevent or reverse the venomous effects of snakebites. The aim of this study was to identify the prevalence of venomous snakebites and factors associated with treatment outcomes in a district hospital of Western Terai in Nepal.

Method: A single health facility-based retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted with collection of information from the record section of Bhim Hospital, Rupandehi, Nepal. All snakebite cases treated during July 2013 to July 2018 were included. The data on prevalence of snakebite and treatment outcomes were analyzed. Fischer’s exact test and exact logistic regression were performed to identify factors associated with treatment outcomes of venomous snakebites.

Result: The prevalence of venomous snakebites was 3.71% (163/4399). Among cases with complete information (N=120), two-third were cured, and one-fourth were referred. Median number of ASV vials used was 12. Age and ASV vials used showed significant positive moderate correlation (r=0.38, p-value<0.001). Year of treatment showed significant association with treatment outcomes. In multivariate analysis, though insignificant, higher adjusted odds of cure was present with one unit increase in ASV vial (AOR= 1.16) and when the bite was in extremities (upper extremities AOR = 11.46 and lower extremities AOR= 21.68).

Conclusion: Snakebite cases require urgent management with administration of ASV, and proper recording of the cases in order to provide tangible evidence for policy and guideline formulation.
Comorbidities in Nepalese psychiatry out-patients with Obsessive Compulsive Disorder
Authors: Shakya DR
Published: September 2020

Introduction: Obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) is among the most prevalent and debilitating mental illnesses. Associated physical and psychiatric comorbidities furthur complicate its outlook. The present study was conducted to sort out psychiatric and major physical comorbidities among Nepalese OCD patients presenting to a psychiatric out-patient service.

Material And Method: We used the ‘ICD-10: Classification of Mental and Behavioral Disorders’ for diagnosis and the ‘Yale Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale’ (YBOC) for rating OCD symptoms. Psychiatric comorbidity diagnoses were made as per the ICD-10 and physical diagnoses according to the departments from or to where subjects were referred.

Results: Of total, 45 (60%) were male. The most commonly affected age groups were 20-29 (39%) and 30-39 (32%). More than half subjects presented after more than five years of illness. Thirteen percent subjects had suicidal intents. Nearly two third subjects had presented with the YBOC score of severe range. Forty percent subjects reported past history and 55% family history of significant illness. One fourth revealed substance use and assessment indicated premorbid cluster C traits/ problems among nearly 45%. Ninteen percent had physical and 63% comorbid psychiatric disorders. Mood, mainly depressive and other anxiety disorders were the most common ones.

Conclusion: Many of Nepalese OCD patients present late to psychiatric service when they are severely affected and have other comorbidities. Depressive and other anxiety disorders are the most common psychiatric comorbidities.
The child behind Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: an illustrated account
Authors: Sravanti L , Karki U , Rajendra KM , Shesadri SP
Published: September 2020

Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a common neurodevelopmental condition if identified early can ensure less morbidity and better prognosis. It is important to help the child behind the problem and not to look at child as the problem. A holistic approach involving parents as active agents of change will serve the best interests of the child. Therefore, psychoeducation of family members is essential as it helps to improve parental understanding of the condition and reduce punitive responses toward the child. Parents also need to be empowered with behavioural management techniques to manage the problem behaviours stemming from the underlying condition. In this article, we present an illustrated model using a fictional character for psychoeducation of families about ADHD and give an overview of major psychosocial interventions with a focus on environmental modification.
Cosmolocalism: Understanding the Transitional Dynamics Towards Post-Capitalism
Authors: Schismenos Alexandros , Niaros Vasilis , Lemos Lucas
Published: September 2020

Over the last decades, the proliferation of ICTs and capitalist markets has created a new social-historical reality for communication, production and societal organisation, while social inequality has deepened. In this context, alternative forms of organisation based on the commons have emerged, challenging the core values of capitalism. Within this new form of egalitarian and transnational collaborative networks, a new concept of social coexistence has been proposed: cosmolocalism. This article presents the genealogy of cosmolocalism and compares it to previous conceptual universalist reconfigurations, namely cosmopolitanism and internationalism. While the current discourse on cosmolocalism focuses on production and distribution, its political dynamics and limitations remain unexplored. Our ultimate goal is to open a path of inquiry for further reflection and deliberation.
Getting People with Serious Mental Illnesses on Track: Insights from the Health-Based Model of Desistance
Authors: Link Nathan W. , Ward Jeffrey T. , Link Bruce G.
Published: September 2020

Scholarship from the life-course paradigm has produced much evidence on the crime-reducing benefits of turning points such as securing a good job or developing a stable, positive relationship. Building on these insights, recent work has demonstrated the utility of incorporating health into the study of desistance; for various reasons, both mental and physical health statuses have been shown to influence the likelihood of achieving these key life-course milestones. What is less well understood, however, is how mental and physical health may interact with each other and how this model applies to certain salient subgroups in criminal justice, such as those with serious mental illnesses. Importing the mental health–crime literature, we examine both the main and synergistic effects of mental and physical health on employment focus and relationship worry among a sample of persons with serious mental illness (N = 184). Findings from logistic and ordinary least squares regression models reveal that better physical health is associated with improved employment focus and that this effect is moderated by mental health status. In addition, better physical health is associated with a decrease in worry over one’s relationships. These findings point to the value of including physical and mental health states in life-course and desistance research, studies of persons with serious mental illnesses, and intervention and policy efforts to improve lives and promote desistance.
Seductions of Exposure Time: The Mismeasurement of Desistance among Persons Involved in Frequent and Serious Offending
Authors: McCuish Evan C.
Published: September 2020

Examining desistance has become an important part of the longitudinal examination of patterns of offending. Substantial attention has been given to defining desistance (e.g., as a process versus as an event), but less attention has been given to whether analytic strategies appropriately operationalize such definitions. The current study examines the prevalence of false desistance (i.e., wrongly concluding that a person has desisted) when semi-parametric group-based modelling is used. Data on 404 male and female participants followed from ages 12 to 35 as part of the Incarcerated Serious and Violent Young Offender Study were used to jointly model trajectories of convictions and trajectories of incarceration. The conviction model included incarceration as an exposure variable. Nevertheless, approximately 15% of desisters in this conviction model were characterized by false desistance. That is, their lack of continued convictions appeared to be due to involvement in serious crimes that resulted in lengthy periods of time incarcerated. This precluded opportunities to maintain their earlier levels of offending, even though their conviction trajectories were modelled taking incarceration into account. Joint trajectory modelling should be used to improve the detection of desistance and reliably evaluate the predictive validity of constructs hypothesized to influence desistance.
We Know a Lot, but Not Nearly Enough: Introduction to the CJCCJ Special Issue on Desistance
Authors: McCuish Evan C.
Published: September 2020

Desistance is now one of the main criminal career parameters investigated by criminologists. Similarly, practitioners working within the criminal justice system are primarily focused on ways to promote desistance among their clients. However, these two groups typically think about desistance in different ways. Practitioners are often exposed to the idea from correctional psychology that desistance is the absence of recidivism. Criminologists typically consider desistance to be a process that includes recidivism. The purpose of this special issue was to present a criminological viewpoint of desistance. Authors of each article identified an area that they felt was a key or emerging theme in desistance research. This article introduces the topic of desistance, highlights how the articles in this special issue contributed to desistance research and have implications for criminal justice system practices, and ends with a call for future research on the measurement of human agency, structural and historical contexts that influence human agency, and whether human agency moderates the relationship between informal social control and desistance.
EFFECTS OF COVID-19 ON HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF DIGITALIZATION AND WORK-LIFE-BALANCE
Authors: Gigauri Iza
Published: September 2020

Extraordinary changes caused by COVID-19 have enforced companies around the globe to accelerate transition to digital business processes. Human resource management (HRM) is in the heart of these transformations helping organizations to navigate in the vague present and unforeseeable future. HRM needs to manage people in companies during the crisis in order to enable business continuity and ensure work-life balance. Since the future will bring more flexible, remote-friendly, digital working norms, the changes in policies, processes, workspaces, collaboration systems, and employee wellness are of increasingly urgent importance.The paper discusses the challenges HRM is facing due to the current crisis in terms of remote working, and identifies the implications the pandemic has on human resources. The expert interviews conducted in Georgia indicate that HRM should consider ways to develop new policies for hybrid working models as a response to the current pandemic crisis.
Ethiopian traditional dance alter the health-related physical fitness traits of high school students
Authors: MANDAL Soumitra , GEBRETENSAY Mulay , LEGESSE Kesatie , GEBRU Menasebo , KEBEDE Reagan
Published: September 2020

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of Tigray regional state traditional dances on health-related physical fitness traits among high school students in Ethiopia. To achieve the purpose of this study, 100 high school students were selected randomly. And their age was 15.5±1.1 years. The selected participants were categorized into the experimental group consists of four Traditional dances that were Awris, Hura, Kuda, and Shediva and the control group with twenty subjects in each. The experimental group performed traditional dances for 16 weeks three days per week whereas participants in the control group were informed to follow their usual daily activity. All participants were tested on selected criterion measures on muscular strength, flexibility, cardiovascular endurance and body composition before and after the 16 weeks of the training period. The data about the variables in this study were statistically examined using ANOVA for each variable separately, whenever the ‘F’ ratio of adjusted post-test was found to be significant, the Scheffe’s test was used to determine the paired mean differences. The level of significance was fixed at 0.05. Following the 16-weeks traditional dance training, a significant change was observed on muscular strength, flexibility, and cardiovascular endurance, but there was no significant improvement in body composition as compares to the experimental groups with the control group. Therefore it can be concluded that Tigray traditional dance training program can notably improve physical fitness level of high school students.
Influência da Ayahuasca na Resolução de Problemas com Ratos Wistar
Authors: De Araujo Sofia Azevêdo , Tatmatsu Daniely Ildegardes Brito , Oliveira Marcela Prata , Monteiro Leticia Santos , Junior Francisco Edimar do Nascimento
Published: September 2020

A resolução de problemas por uma nova cadeia de respostas ocorre quando, diante de uma situação problema, é emitida uma nova resposta resultante do encadeamento de duas ou mais respostas aprendidas independentemente. Objetivo: avaliar a influência da ayahuasca nesse processo. Metodologia: foram utilizados 12 ratos machos da linhagem wistar divididos em 3 grupos: crônico, agudo e controle. O delineamento foi dividido em: 1) habituação, 2) pré-teste (campo aberto e resolução), 3) treino das respostas pré-requisito, 4) pós-teste (campo aberto e resolução). A substância foi administrada via gavagem (2ml/kg) aos animais do grupo crônico da fase 4 à 6, e do grupo agudo nas fases 5 e 6. Os animais do grupo controle ingeriram água. Resultados: Não houve interferência na resolução, mas houve na aprendizagem das respostas, que foi mais lenta no grupo crônico. No campo aberto, houve uma diminuição da atividade locomotora e exploratória em animais sob efeito da droga.
Modelo experimental de recombinação de repertórios em humanos em um ambiente virtual
Authors: Pessôa Neto Roberto Soares , De Araújo Sofia Azevêdo , Prata Oliveira Marcela , Neves Filho Hernando Borges , Tatmatsu Daniely Ildegardes Brito
Published: September 2020

A recombinação de repertórios é um processo comportamental relacionado a criatividade, estudado majoritariamente em animais não humanos. O presente estudo tem como objetivo replicar os modelos experimentais de recombinação em humanos em um ambiente virtual, via o uso da ferramenta “puzzle creator” do jogo comercial Portal 2®. Uma situação problema foi criada no ambiente do jogo, e os participantes então controlaram um personagem no ambiente virtual tridimensional, na perspectiva em primeira pessoa. A amostra foi composta por 5 sujeitos e nenhum deles resolveu a situação problema em um pré-teste. Entretanto, após o treino de repertórios pré-requisitos para a solução da tarefa, realizado no próprio jogo, em mapas específicos para treino, 4 dos 5 participantes resolveram a tarefa final. Diante destes dados, o jogo Portal 2 se mostra como uma ferramenta econômica e versátil para o estudo da recombinação de repertórios em humanos.
Inserção do treino discriminativo no protocolo cavar/escalar de recombinação de repertórios
Authors: Teixeira Thalia Barros , Maciel Maria Angélica Lacerda , Silva Bruno Teixeira , Prata Oliveira Marcela , Tatmatsu Daniely Ildegardes Brito
Published: September 2020

Neves Filho, Stella, Dicezare e Garcia Mijares (2015) desenvolveram um modelo experimental com o objetivo de observar a recombinação de repertórios em ratos (Rattus norvegicus). O experimento consistiu nos treinos discretos, sucessivo sobre a recombinação de dois repertórios diferentes: (1) cavar e (2) escalar. Com base neste modelo experimental, a presente pesquisa objetivou avaliar se a inserção de um procedimento de treino discriminativo (Sd: som) alteraria o processo de recombinação de repertórios. Isso porque, no experimento original, os animais foram submetidos a fase de pré-teste sem a delimitação da relação entre a emissão do comportamento e a consequência reforçadora, assim não havia clareza se a situação-problema que os animais estavam resolvendo era de fato um problema. Foram utilizadas 10 ratas albinas (Rattus norvegicus) da linhagem Wistar, ingênuas ao experimento. Foram divididas aleatoriamente em dois grupos com 5 animais cada: o (1) grupo experimental, que recebeu a intervenção do treino de Sd, além do treino de cavar e de escalar, e (2) grupo controle, que teve seu processo similar ao de Neves Filho et al. (2015). Posteriormente foram submetidos a uma situação-problema, com a emissão do Sd, a fim de avaliar o desempenho dos animais. Todos os animais do grupo experimental resolveram o problema; enquanto nenhum do controle resolveu. Com base nos dados, propomos que a inserção deste procedimento é relevante para que haja o processo de recombinação de repertório, visto que garante que o sujeito está sob controle da situação-problema.
Transferência de Função de Estímulo na Resolução de Problemas do Tipo Insight em Ratos
Authors: Borges Rubilene Pinheiro , Santos Dayanna Gomes , Carvalho Neto Marcus Bentes
Published: September 2020

Este estudo investigou o possível papel da formação de classes sobre a transferência de função de estímulos no controle de diferentes respostas de resolução de um problema em Rattus norvegicus. O problema consistia em uma tarefa de empurrar um cubo, subir no cubo e puxar uma corrente. Todos os sujeitos foram treinados nas habilidades de teste. O grupo PS (puxar o spot) passou por um treino de puxar spot, o sujeito NPS1 do grupo NPS (não puxar o spot) foi treinado a focinhar o spot e NPS2 não teve treino adicional.  Todos os sujeitos resolveram a tarefa. O treino de puxar o spot não se mostrou crítico para a resolução do problema e não favoreceu o desempenho dos sujeitos (PS1 e PS2) submetidos a esse procedimento. Os dados não sustentam que a resolução de problemas do tipo insight possa ser exclusivamente atribuída à formação de classes entre estímulos e respostas.
Contingency Management Banking
Authors: Miguel André Queiroz , Simões Viviane , Yamauchi Rodolfo , Madruga Clarice S. , Da Silva Claudio J. , Laranjeira Ronaldo R. , Roll John M. , Mari Jair J. , McPherson Sterling
Published: September 2020

Contingency Management (CM) is among the most effective behavioral interventions for cocaine use disorders (CUD), yet the dissemination of CM to community treatment settings has been limited and slow due partially to costs.

Recently, our group completed the first Brazilian CM trial for CUD. Despite our positive results, we observed specific components of the CM procedure that could be contributing to unnecessary costs. Prompted by this experience and leveraging evidence-based behavioral science principles, we recently developed a modified version of CM designed to reduce costs and increase long-term engagement in treatment.

In this technical article we present the scientific, clinical and practical rationale behind a novel CM procedure. We provide a detailed description and rationale for this procedure in an effort to stimulate discussion amongst other scientists about its utility across a diverse array of low-resource treatment settings and discuss why CM banking may reduce costs and enhance treatment engagement.
Postoperative Loss of Lumbar Lordosis Affects Clinical Outcomes in Patients with Pseudoarthrosis after Posterior Lumbar Interbody Fusion Using Cortical Bone Trajectory Screw Fixation
Authors: Yamagishi Akira , Sakaura Hironobu , Ishii Masayoshi , Ohnishi Atsunori , Ohwada Tetsuo
Published: September 2020

Study Design: Retrospective cohort study. Purpose: This study aimed to investigate relationships between clinical outcomes and radiographic parameters in patients with pseudoarthrosis after posterior lumbar interbody fusion (PLIF). Overview of Literature: In some patients with pseudoarthrosis after PLIF, clinical symptoms improve following surgery, although pseudoarthrosis can often be one of the complications. However, there are no previous reports describing differences between patients with pseudoarthrosis after PLIF who have obtained better clinical outcomes and those who have not. Methods: Twenty-seven patients who were diagnosed with pseudoarthrosis after single-level PLIF with cortical bone trajectory screw fixation (CBT-PLIF) were enrolled in this study. They were divided into two groups based on mean improvement of 22 points on the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) at the 2-year follow-up. Group G consisted of 15 patients who showed improvement on the ODI of ≥22 points, and group P consisted of the residual 12 patients. Radiographic parameters, percentage of slip, lumbar lordosis (LL), segmental lordosis, segmental range of motion, screw loosening, and subsidence were compared between the two groups. Results: There were no significant differences between the two groups on radiographic parameters except for postoperative changes in LL. Although surgery-induced changes in LL showed no significant difference between the two groups, changes in LL from before surgery to 2-year follow-up and during postoperative 2-year follow-up were significantly better in group G (mean change of LL: +3.5° and +5.1°, respectively) compared to group P (mean change of LL: −4.6° and −0.5°, respectively) (p<0.01 and 0.05, respectively). Conclusions: Patients with greater improvement in ODI gained LL over the 2-year follow-up, whereas patients with less improvement in ODI lost LL during the 2-year follow-up. These results indicate that there is a significant correlation between clinical outcomes and LL even in patients with pseudoarthrosis after single-level CBT-PLIF.
The dilemma of vulnerable groups during lockdown: implications for social work education and practice in Ghana
Authors: Forkuor John Boulard , Deku Charles Selorm , Agyemang Eric
Published: September 2020

The COVID-19 pandemic has created socio-economic challenges for countries globally and has touched lives in some of the remotest areas of the world. While other countries have been proactive in addressing this challenge, I fear that Ghana, and to an extent most of sub-Saharan Africa, have failed to adequately prepare and anticipate these challenges. This reflective essay discusses the paradoxes that the pandemic and the measures used to curb it creates for two vulnerable groups (informal economy workers and women and children in abusive relationships). I introduce the essay with a reflective account of the relevance and practicality of social work education and practice in Ghana in light of the on-going pandemic. Subsequently, I focus on two vulnerable groups (informal economy workers and women and children in abusive relationships). I present a reflective account of how the challenges that emerged from this pandemic creates new opportunities for my work as a social work educator and also for practice with these groups in Ghana.
Keeping Autonomous Driving Alive
Authors: Both Göde
Published: September 2020

In Keeping autonomous driving alive, Göde Both studies the relationships between researchers and artefacts held together by contested visions. Drawing on ethnographic fieldwork in a pioneering research project in Germany, he argues we can make sense of technological visions only if we simultaneously grasp the role of care, gender, and narrative in sustaining technological research.
STUDI AWAL DESAIN DAN PENGUJIAN MESIN PENGERING KERUPUK OPAK SISTEM POMPA KALOR
Authors: H. Ambarita  , T. Sitepu  , E. Siahaan  , D.M. Nasution
Published: September 2020

Dalam tulisan ini, telah dilakukan sebuah studi awal mengenai desain dan pengujian mesin pengering sistem pompa kalor. Tujuannya untuk mendapatkan unjuk kerja mesin pengering dalam mengeringkan produk makanan berupa kerupuk opak. Ruang pengering berukuran 1200 mm × 700 mm × 888 mm dengan jumlah rak 10 diintegrasikan dengan unit pompa kalor. Pompa kalor yang digunakan beroperasi pada siklus kompresi uap dengan daya masukan 800W dan fluida kerja refrigerant R22. Sampel kerupuk opak dengan berat awal 10 kg dikeringkan sebanyak tiga kali. Hasil pengujian diperoleh temperatur dan kelembaban udara ruang pengering masing-masing 57.5°C dan 45% pada laju aliran udara 0.24 m/s. Kinerja total dari mesin pengering diperoleh rata-rata 10,22. Kesimpulan utamanya bahwa sistem pengering pompa kalor dapat digunakan untuk mengeringkan kerupuk opak.
PERANCANGAN ALAT PENGGEMBUR TANAH UNTUK PETANI PALAWIJA (STUDI KASUS PADA DESA KUBUCOLIA KABUPATEN KARO)
Authors: Meilita Tryana Sembiring  , Dini Wahyuni  , Indah Rizkya Tarigan
Published: September 2020

Kenyamanan kerja merupakan penunjang untuk meningkatkan produktivitas.Untuk menunjang kenyamanan kerja maka diperlukan alat penunjang kerja yang ergonomis dan sesuai dengan dimensi tubuh operator. Studi yang berhubungan dengan pengukuran dimensi tubuh manusia sebagai pertimbangan ergonomis dalam proses perancangan dikenal dengan istilah antropometri. Pada kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini dilakukan perancangan alat penggembur tanah untuk meningkatkan produktivitas petani palawija di desa Kubucolia Kabupaten Karo yang sesuai dengan dimensi tubuh operator. Pengambilan dimensi tubuh pada operator dilakukan dengan cara mengambil sampling dimensi tubuh yang akan digunakan utnuk perancangan alat penggembur tanah seperti Lebar Bahu (LB), Jangkauan Tangan (JT), Tinggi Siku Berdiri (TSB) dan Diameter Genggam (DG). Hasil yang diperoleh adalah mengetahui dimensi tubuh yang akan digunakan dalam perancangan alat penggembur tanah pada Pertanian Palawija desa Kubucolia Kabupaten Karo yaitu menggunakan dimensi Lebar Bahu (LB) sebesar 45,79 cm, Jangkauan Tangan (JT) sebesar 67,26 cm, Tinggi Siku Berdiri (TSB) sebesar 90,83 cm dan Diameter Genggam (DG) sebesar 3,40 cm.
MEMBENTUK MASYARAKAT MANDIRI DENGAN MEMBANGUN ENERGI BIOMASSA
Authors: Agus Salim Harahap  , Nursahara Pasaribu  , Albert Pasaribu
Published: September 2020

Energy is a basic requirement for society. Currently the State of Indonesia is experiencing an energy crisis, lead to weakening economy of the State, It is proved by the high amount of energy imported gas reaching 58% of the total need of Domestic reached 6.1 million metric tons (MT). Indonesia has the potential of biomass energy source Its great according to US records. Commerce Department in its report: Renewable Energy Market Assessment Report: Indonesia, biomass energy sources that have been used as the only alternative source of 445 MW from the total existing sources amounting to 49.810 MW, The means 99% from the untapped sources of biomass. LPG gas is a basic requirement that the fundamental for a State to the smallest part of the countrynamely village / hamlet. where people need energy LPG gas in large quantities but low purchasing power. Currently the supply gas often deficient until the scarcity of fuel LPG gas. This condition is very difficult for the community to thrive. Biogas energy sources derived from biomass is abundant, but not many take advantage of its potential.biomass energy is very cheap, environmentally friendly, abundant resources, able to provide solutions for village communities and hamlets. With aerobic fermentation technology in the digester to produce biogas which can be helpful. Biogas can be used as fuel for cooking and electricity generation. Community dedication aims to Forming community will be self defense biogas energy. So that the villagers do not dependent So that citizens are not dependent on LPG gas are scarce and expensive price
BUDIDAYA TERNAK LEBAH DI DESA SUMBEREJO KECAMATAN MERBAU KABUPATEN DELI SERDANG
Authors: Thomson Sebayang  , Salmiah  , Sri Fajar Ayu
Published: September 2020

Lebah madu menghasilkan madu yang bersumber dari nektar sewaktu musim tumbuhan berbunga. Lebah mengubah nektar menjadi madu, melalui proses perubahan sukrosamenjadi fruktosa dan glukosa.

Desa Sumberejo adalah desa penghasil komoditi pangan (padi, kedelai, jagung) yang cukup luas. sehingga nektar (pakan lebah) yang akan dihasilkan pun juga akan sangat banyak. Petani Desa Sumberejo selain diuntungkan dari segi penyerbukan secara tidak langsung oleh adanya lebah, petani juga akan memperoleh banyak madu alami. Madu alami dapat dijual secara eceran atau ke perusahaan-perusahaan yang membutuhkan bahan baku madu alami. Budidaya lebah madu dapat meningkatkan pendapatan petani.

Budidaya ternak madu merupakan teknologi budidaya sederhana yang mudah dikuasai dan diterima petani serta berbiaya relatif murah sesuai keterbatasan rumah tangga petani. Produk budidaya ini dapat meningkatkan pendapatan dan kesejahteraan petani.
PEMANFAATAN BERAS MERAH DAN JAGUNG DALAM PEMBUATAN MIE SEBAGAI BAHAN PANGAN FUNGSIONAL
Authors: Ernawati Nasution  , Etti Sudaryati  , Asfriyati
Published: September 2020

Beras merah dan jagung sudah lama diketahui bermanfaat bagi kesehatan, selain sebagaipangan pokok. Namun beras merah dan jagung kurang populer sebagai makanan pokok masyarakatpadahal kedua jenis pangan ini merupakan pangan fungsional yang sangat berguna. Maka dikenalkancara lain untuk pemanfaatan kedua bahan ini dengan mengolahnya menjadi tepung beras merah dantepung jagung untuk pembuatan mie
EMPOWERMENT OF JAMBI’S SONGKET BUSINESSES THROUGH PRODUCT DIVERSIFICATION
Authors: Margarettha  , Nela Safelia  , Hasriati Nasution
Published: September 2020

Jambi is a part of Malay history and customs, therefore Songket fabrics become a common viewduring wedding or royal events. Over time, Songket cloth has become part of the social life used byall strata of the society. This condition makes Songket initiated the establishment of a group ofsmall and medium enterprises (SMEs) in Jambi, dedicated for Songket manufacturing and selling.The effort to develop local culture as a national asset is a duty for all Indonesian people, includingJambi University through the “Darma of Dedication to the community”. Community serviceprogram initiated by the Ministry of Research, Technology and Higher Education through thescheme of Export Product Development Program (PPPE) aims at conducting guidance andassistance for Jambi’s Songket SMEs through product diversification in order to increase thebusiness of SMEs. The methods of assistance used for SMEs include lectures, discussions,training, demonstrations, mentoring and program evaluation. Lectures, discussions, demonstrationsand training were conducted to increase the knowledge about diversification of products madefrom Songket. Further assistance was done for all the discussions that had been given. To measurethe success of the program, the team would conduct an evaluation from the beginning until the endof the program. The assistance provided by the PPPE of University of Jambi to SME partners ofJambi’s Songket business was able to produce wallets, ladies handbags, tracks, clothes, seatcushions, frames and sandals. The strategy of product diversification is able to increase therevenue for the SME involved.
ENHANCEMENT OF PEER COMPANIAN ROLE IN AVOIDING DRUG USAGE THROUGH THE ENTREPRENEURIAL GROUP IN MABAR URBAN VILLAGE, MEDAN DELI SUB-DISTRICT OF MEDAN CITY
Authors: Abdul Jalil Amri Arma  , Zulfendri
Published: September 2020

Adolescence is an unstable period compared to the next period after it. Consequently, teenagers tend to be trapped in the misleading societies of their future. In addition, technological developments that are increasingly easy to access by teenagers will open up a great opportunity for them to know things, both positive and negative. Therefore, adolescents should be directed as early as possible in order to live productively through an entrepreneurial activity. The purposes are to increase adolescent knowledge about drugs and how to control it, enhance the role of adolescents as peer companions who will be able to influence their friends in avoiding the use of drugs, and formed an entrepreneurial group as an effort to empower teenagers to avoid the dangers of drugs. Form of activities that have been done in this community service are: started with training for teenagers about drugs and its dangers, entrepreneurship, adolescent facilitation that establishes a business group for the same target to produce the products and services that able to increase economic and productivity until finally, the teenager can be independent and protected from drug user interactions. Two motorbike washing groups were formed by name “Doorsmer Bahagia Bersama” for Neighborhood VI and “Doorsmer Bersama Bahagia” for Neighborhood XIX, Mabar Urban Village, Medan Deli Sub-District, Medan City, under the coordination of the Neighborhood Head as a forum for youth associations of Al-Jihad Mosque and Al-Ikhlas Musholla teenagers.
ANALYSIS OF FACTORS CAUSING THE PRODUCT PURCHASED BY CONSUMERS BASED ON DATA ON THE SALE OF GOODS IN A MARKET PLACE IN INDONESIA
Authors: Baihaqi Siregar  , Erna B Nababan  , Opim S Sitompul
Published: September 2020

Starting from the success of giant web service companies as well as Google and Facebook in managing and utilizing unstructured data in the form of consumer generated media and click stream in a very large volume, a concept known as Big Data then became the center attention in the world of information technology. The fact also shows that more and more organizations in the world, whether private companies or government agencies, have difficulty managing data whose volumes are growing and their types are increasingly complex. They have to organize and analyze these data, and they must find the meaning or value of the ever-expanding and increasingly complex data pile, which is said to have exceeded the capability of conventional data processing applications to process it. The condition of this kind of data is also categorized as Big Data, which is interpreted as a set of data in a very large number of challenges lies in how the data should be stored, how to search in the pile of data, how to distribute it, how to visualize it, and how the data should be analyzed. The long-term goal of IbKIK's proposed program is the establishment of a startup company in the field of analytic data from the world of campus directly. Within the planned three-year period, it is desirable that the company be financially self-sufficient by being a data analytics consultant and also creating a sophisticated and advanced Big Data Analytic application platform product. The advantages possessed when the company started from the academic world is the quantity and quality of human resources as intellectual actors can be selected quickly and accurately. Especially with the synchronization between the curriculum content that is taught with its implementation directly through the program IbKIK become useful products and economic value. From the academic point of view, the desired outcomes are from this program published several journals and proceedings of national and international scale, the publication of textbooks, getting HKI, and publications in the mass media. Also, with the success of this company can produce a derivative company engaged in other areas that are still related as a supporter of the business. The product output of the community service activity that has been done for the first year of the planned three years period is the establishment of a Product Information System Sold on E-Commerce Transactions at Market Place. Also, has been established research unit as the forerunner of the business unit under the auspices of the Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology University of Sumatera Utara under the name Data Science Research Group.
PENDAYAGUNAAN KELOMPOK DISKUSI MAHASISWA DALAM MENANGKAL PAHAM RADIKALISME DAN PAHAM TERORISME DI LINGKUNGAN PERGURUAN TINGGI
Authors: Humaizi  , R. Hamdani Harahap  , Ridwan Hanafiah  , Rudi Salam Sinaga
Published: September 2020

Terrorism groups have obviously put their attention to recruiting new members of educated people like college-age students, a number of terrorists who have been caught showing their status as students or college students. We consider one of the most important ways to be cultivated in a college environment by conducting radical anti-radical and anti-terrorist campaigns and campaigning the right way to deal with situations that focus on radical thinking and action and terrorism. This study will look at students' perceptions within the Faculty of Social and Political Sciences of the University of North Sumatra against the danger of radical understanding and understanding of terrorism and prevention solutions for the safety of their surrounding environment. The method used in this study is literature study, documentation and focus group discussion (FGD). The results of this study show a strong appreciation of student discussion groups on the intent and purpose of this activity
DEVOTION TO COMMUNITIES “POSYANDU” GROUP OF PREGNANT MOTHER THROUGH INTRODUCTION TO HAZARD SIGNS IN PREGNANCY SUB-DISTRICT MEDAN SUNGGAL
Authors: Girsang Bina Melvia , Karo Evi Indriani , Sari Farida Linda
Published: September 2020

Recognition of pregnancy danger plays an important role in preventing and reducing maternal mortality. Pregnant women can identify the danger signs of pregnancy. Therefore, the danger signs during pregnancy need to be known by pregnant women, especially those that threaten the health of the mother and the fetus who are pregnant. The minimum needs to be known by pregnant women in the community to recognize pregnancy danger signs, namely bleeding out of birth canal, excessive nausea, preeclampsia and eclampsia , premature rupture of membranes, and fetal movements that are not felt. Medan Sunggal Health Center is one of the village areas assisted by the USU Nursing Faculty. Based on the results of previous studies of pregnant women, it was found that there were still many pregnant women who did not know about the signs and dangers during pregnancy. The main cause is the limited knowledge of mothers about the signs and dangers of pregnancy and the mother's skills to overcome the lack of information about the signs and dangers of pregnancy. Posyandu cadres who have played an active role have been felt to be weak in providing education about information on signs and harms of pregnancy. Posyandu cadres have the potential for their role as agents of change. Therefore to overcome the problem of lack of information about the signs and dangers of pregnancy, it is necessary to improve the method of delivering information on signs and dangers of pregnancy, by involving several parties who can later collaborate in dealing with information problems for pregnant women, involving KIA officers from Sunggal Health Center, cadres , and invite pregnant women.
PENERAPAN SISTEM TUMPANG SARI PADA BUDIDAYA TANAMAN KAKAO DI DESA BANDAR MASILAM I KECAMATAN BANDAR MASILAM KABUPATEN SIMALUNGUN SUMATERA UTARA
Authors: Setiado Hot , Kardhinata Emmy Harso , Putri Lollie Agustina P.
Published: September 2020

Tim Universitas Sumatera Utara (USU) mengusulkan kegiatan pengabdian pada masyarakat (PPM) ini di Desa Bandar Masilam I atas dasar keterbatasan-keterbatasan yang dimilikinya. Desa ini terletak di bagian tengah Provinsi Sumatera Utara, sekitar 145 km dari kota Medan dan dapat ditempuh dengan kendaraan roda 2 dan roda 4. Kondisi jalan ke desa yang kurang baik menyebabkan waktu tempuh dari Medan dapat mencapai 4 jam. Letak desa diantara perkebunan kelapa sawit milik pemerintah maupun swasta. Masyarakat desa Bandar Masilam I sebagian besar petani dan sebagai buruh di perkebunan yang ada di sekitarnya. Sebagian masyarakat yang memiliki ladang dan lahan pekarangan telah memanfaatkan dengan menanami kelapa sawit. Kualitas sawit yang kurang baik menyebabkan harga jual menjadi tidak menentu, sehingga sebagian masyarakat sudah mencoba beralih ke komoditi kakao. Gapoktan Serumpun, kelompok tani Mandiri, Lestari dan Mekar Sari telah mencoba menanam kakao dengan bibit yang bersertifikat dan berkualitas. Sebagian bibit kakao bersertifikat berasal dari pengabdian pada masyarakat Universitas Sumatera Utara tahun 2017. Pendapatan masyarakat yang masih rendah sebagai salah satu kendala dalam budidaya kakao karena harus menunggu waktu panen yang cukup lama. Perlu dilakukan langkah untuk menambah pendapatan masyarakat dari lahan kakao yang mereka miliki. Tim pengabdian pada masyarakat USU mencoba memberikan solusi dengan cara memberikan bantuan bibit tanaman tumpangsari yang berkualitas dan bersertifikat untuk meningkatkan pendapatan petani/pekebun. Selain itu juga diberikan teknologi perawatan terhadap tanaman tumpangsari dan tanaman utama yang tepat kepada kelompok tani. Dari usaha yang dilakukan ini diharapkan kelompok tani yang menjadi mitra tim dari USU ini akan menjadi pelopor dalam menghasilkan produksi kakao yang berkualitas dan juga memperoleh pendapatan sampingan dari tanaman tumpangsari.
CULTURAL FISH CULTIVATION IN FLOATING NETWORK IN KELURAHAN BELAWAN SICANANG KOTA MEDAN
Authors: Salmiah  , Charloq  , Thomson Sebayang
Published: September 2020

Grouper is one of the non-oil and gas export commodities that has the potential to be developed. As fish, fish consumption is much needed for restaurants and luxury hotels. The weight range of 500 - 100 grams / head, especially in living conditions, has a high price compared to in the form of dead fish.In 1999, research and development for multi-species harchery carried out jointly by the Gondol Marine Aquaculture Research Center with JICA first successfully produced mass of duck grouper seeds, cromileptes altivelis and tiger grouper seeds (Kawahara, et. Al ., 2000; Sugama et.al., 2001). Whereas to mass produce sunu grouper seeds in 2005. Technology development has been disseminated to government and private hatcheries, so that the production of duck grouper seeds has increased dramatically and more than 1 million seeds in 2001 (Kawahara and Ismi, 2003). This technology is also applied to the production of tiger grouper seeds, Ephinephelus fuscoguttatus by private hatcheries. In 2002, tiger grouper seed production was more than 2.6 million. For sunu groupers up to now, more than 0.5 million in 2006.Belawan Sicanang Village Medan Belawan District Medan City is an island surrounded by several tributaries which empties into the Deli River. 40% of the population are fishermen who are looking for shrimp or fish in the river and land pond farmers. Grouper is one of the fish that lives naturally in the waters of Belawan Sicanang Village which has high economic value. But environmental damage such as logging of mangroves due to the low alternatives of community livelihoods, changes in the function of land, continuous capture of the land causes the grouper population to continue to decline.The use of the river for floating cages in grouper aquaculture can reduce the reduced supply of groupers from the natural habitat of fishermen's catches produced by this region. Cheaper cost analysis compared to terrestrial aquaculture can improve the welfare of fishermen and support culinary commodities in the development of Mango Sicanang ecotourism which is being promoted by the community and the local government.
URGENSI PEMILIHAN UMUM TAHUN 2019 DAN KETERLIBATAN PEMUDA
Authors: Affila  , Afnila  , Yusrin
Published: September 2020

Jumlah pemuda yang besar di Sumatera Utara merupakan salah satu potensi yang harus di kembangkan oleh semua pihak, termasuk juga dalam pemilu, khususnya dalam pemilu serentak 2019, yang akan segera dilaksanakan. Pemuda harus menjalankan peran yang penting dalam mensukseskan dan mengawasi jalannya pemilu. Partisipasi atau keikutsertaan pemuda dalam pemilu dapat dilaksanakan pada masa sebelum hari pencoblosan maupun pada hari pelaksanaan  pencoblosan suara. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah sejauh mana peranan pemuda untuk dalam rangka menjalankan demokrasi dan berpartisipasi dalam pemilihan umum tahun 2019 mendatang. Penelitian hukum ini hendak mengkaji pelaksanaan atau implementasi ketentuan  hukum positif secara faktual pada setiap peristiwa hukum tertentu pengkajian tersebut bertujuan untuk memastikan apakah hasil penerapan pada peristiwa hukum in concreto itu sesuai atau tidak dengan ketentuan peraturan perundang-undangan
Community empowerment through making maroca (mangrove root craft) in village Tanjung Rejo, Kecamatan Percut Sei Tuan, Sumatera Utara
Authors: Enggar Susetya Ipanna , Dewinta Astrid Fauzia , Rambey Ridahati , Sudiati Sudiati , Azhari Azhari , Suriani Mai
Published: September 2020

Mangrove ecosystems in Tanjung Rejo Village, Percut Sei Tuan Sub-district, Deli Serdang experienced a lot of land conversion in the form of residential, agricultural and plantation lands. This causes abrasion in this region because there is no protection from waves and sea waves in this region. Land conversion and abrasion caused many mangrove trees to die. Mangrove trees that died were only used on the trunk, twigs and leaves by local residents. Many parts of the dead mangrove roots are not utilized. This community service activity aims to provide information and skills to partner groups about the making of MAROCA. Through this activity, partners will gain knowledge and skills in making MAROCA so that materials that are not initially valuable like dead mangrove roots become useful. Based on the description of the problem and the purpose of this community service activity, the activities that have been carried out are counseling about the manufacturing of MAROCA, giving leaflets for the procedures for making and providing tools and materials. The results obtained are increased knowledge and skills of partners about the benefits of dead mangrove roots as economically valuable handicrafts.