bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Morphological and genetic analysis of a rediscovered Clinostomum sp. parasitising Titanolebias monstrosus and Trigonectes aplocheiloides (Cyprinodontiformes: Rivulidae)
Authors: Montes M.M. , Alonso F. , Terán G.E. , Serra Alanis S.W. , Waldbillig M. , Cavallo M.G. , Balcazar D. , Reig Cardarella G.F.
Published: November 2024

Clinostomids are a group of digeneans in which substantial diversity has been recently discovered, with some metacercariae specific to their fish hosts. Genetic analysis has been instrumental in elucidating species diversity within this genus. Recently, seven COI lineages were reported in Argentina, along with three metacercarial morphotypes lacking molecular data. Two of these were found parasitising Rivulidae fishes. The discovery of Clinostomum metacercariae in Trigonectes aplocheiloides and Titanolebias monstrosus from temporary ponds in the western Chacoan region allowed us to redescribe the metacercariae previously identified by other authors and provide the first sequences of this lineage. The morphology of the metacercariae in both hosts matched previously reported descriptions. Genetic analysis clustered the new lineage with Clinostomum detruncatum, Clinostomum sp. 7, Clinostomum L1, and Clinostomum CRA. This discovery leaves only two morphological records of metacercariae to be characterised using DNA sequencing: one in another Rivulidae (Neofundulus paraguayensis) and one in a Loricaridae (Hypostomus sp.). The present results represent the eighth clinostomid lineage sequenced from Argentina, highlighting the extensive diversity in South America and the many lineages yet to be described or identified, considering that only one of these lineages is formally described based on adult specimens found in the heron Ardea cocoi.
Balanced Multi-UAV path planning for persistent monitoring
Authors: Zhan Xinru , Chen Yang , Chen Xi , Zhang Wenhao
Published: November 2024

In scenarios such as environmental data collection and traffic monitoring, timely responses to real-time situations are facilitated by persistently accessing nodes with revisiting constraints using unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). However, imbalanced task allocation may pose risks to the safety of UAVs and potentially lead to failures in monitoring tasks. For instance, continuous visits to nodes without replenishment may damage UAV batteries, while delays in recharging could result in missing task deadlines, ultimately causing task failures. Therefore, this study investigates the problem of achieving balanced multi-UAV path planning for persistent monitoring tasks, which has not been previously researched according to the authors’ knowledge. The main contribution of this study is the proposal of two novel indicators to assist in balancing task allocation regarding multi-UAV path planning for persistent monitoring. One of the indicators is namely the waiting factor, which reflects the urgency of a task node waiting to be accessed, and the other is the difficulty level which is introduced to measure the difficulty of tasks undertaken by a UAV. By minimizing differences in difficulty level among UAVs, we can ensure equilibrium in task allocation. For a single UAV, the ant colony initialized genetic algorithm (ACIGA) has been proposed to plan its path and obtain its difficulty level. For multiple UAVs, the K-means clustering algorithm has been improved based on difficulty levels to achieve balanced task allocation. Simulation experiments demonstrated that the difficulty level could effectively reflect the difficulty of tasks and that the proposed algorithms could enable UAVs to achieve balanced task allocation.
Association between age of paediatric index cases and household SARS-CoV-2 transmission
Authors: Markelz Amanda , Zirnhelt Zachary , Morris Keeley , Seys Scott A. , Ruhland Abbey , Fell Ashley , Fess Lydia , Como-Sabetti Kathryn , Meyer Stephanie
Published: November 2024

SARS-CoV-2 transmission dynamics within households involving children are complex. We examined the association between paediatric index case (PIC) age and subsequent household SARS-CoV-2 transmission among cases reported to the Minnesota Department of Health between March 2021 and February 2022. In our primary analysis, we used logistic regression to estimate odds ratios adjusted for race/ethnicity, sex, geographic region, and disease severity among households with an unvaccinated PIC. We performed a secondary analysis among households where the PIC was eligible for vaccination adjusting for the same covariates plus time since the last vaccination. Both analyses were stratified by variant wave. During the Alpha wave, PICs of all age groups had similar odds of subsequent transmission. During Delta and Omicron waves, PICs aged 16–17 had higher odds of subsequent transmission than PICs aged 0–4 (Delta OR, 1.32; [95% CI, 1.16–1.51], Omicron OR, 4.21; [95% CI, 3.25–5.45]). In the secondary analysis, unvaccinated PICs had higher odds of subsequent transmission than vaccinated PICs (Delta OR 2.89 [95% CI, 2.18–3.84], Omicron OR 1.35 [95% CI, 1.21–1.50]). Enhanced preventative measures, especially for 12–17-year-olds, may limit SARS-CoV-2 transmission within households involving children.
Global well-posedness and uniform boundedness of 2D urban crime models with nonlinear advection enhancement
Authors: Jiang Wenjing , Wang Qi
Published: November 2024

We study the global well-posedness and uniform boundedness of a two-dimensional reaction–advection–diffusion system with nonlinear advection. This strongly coupled system of nonlinear partial differential equations represents the continuum of a 2D lattice model designed to describe residential burglary, where each location is characterised by a tractability value that varies in both space and time. We show that the model with sublinear advection enhancement is globally well-posed, with a unique solution that is classical and uniformly bounded in time. Our results provide valuable insights into the development of urban crime models with nonlinear advection enhancements, making them suitable for broader applications, including nonlocal or heterogeneous near-repeat victimisation effects.
Quantifying the regulation and cultural ecosystem services associated with Griffon Vultures Gyps fulvus in Sardinia, Italy
Authors: Santangeli Andrea , Fozzi Ilaria , De Rosa Davide , Aresu Mauro , Campus Alfonso , Muzzeddu Marco , Secci Dionigi , Cerri Jacopo , Berlinguer Fiammetta
Published: November 2024

In the Anthropocene, recognising nature’s role in human well-being is pivotal for biodiversity conservation. Despite their significance, knowledge gaps persist regarding ecosystem services, even for well-studied species like vultures. Our study focuses on the Griffon Vulture Gyps fulvus in Sardinia, Italy, exploring their cultural and regulating services, including carcass disposal and resulting greenhouse gas (GHG) mitigation. Through surveys of natural reserve visitors and data on carcass provision and GHG emissions, we assess public perception, economic value, and environmental impacts associated with vultures. The public perception of Griffon Vultures is predominantly positive, with a strong acknowledgment of their role in disease prevention and carcass disposal, highlighting their contribution to regulation services. Furthermore, vultures are widely recognised as a key element characterising the agropastoral landscapes of Sardinia, underscoring their cultural importance. The economic evaluation, through willingness to pay for vulture-watching and photography opportunities, indicates a significant appreciation of these birds, with almost three-quarters of respondents willing to pay an entrance fee at vulture observation sites. We also show that supplanting the disposal role of vultures at studied feeding sites (during 2017–2022) would result in the emission of 96 tons of CO2 equivalent, which highlights the critical role of vultures in climate mitigation. This study not only sheds light on the ecological and cultural significance of Griffon Vultures in Sardinia but also underscores the economic and environmental benefits of their conservation. It emphasises the need for continued efforts in vulture conservation, integrating ecological, cultural, and economic perspectives to foster a sustainable coexistence between humans and wildlife.
“Intellectual Lightening”: A Tribute to John Harris through a Collection of Memories, Imaginary Books, Fictional Reviews, and an Interview
Authors: de Beaufort Inez
Published: November 2024

“INTELLECTUAL LIGHTENING”: A tribute to John Harris through a collection of memories, imaginary books, fictional reviews, and an interview. John Harris’ impressive and diverse academic career is illustrated and remembered by his colleagues who each contribute with a special memory, story or fake book review, in order to thank John and to cherish the memories. A good philosopher, a kind person, a teacher, different aspects of his work are discussed.
The Odyssey of Women Writers in Antiquity: an example of coeducation and fostering vocational science
Authors: Moreno Soldevila Rosario , González Muñoz Manuel Alejandro , Marina Castillo Alberto , Cuevas Caballero Marta
Published: November 2024

This paper describes four methodological proposals for rescuing from oblivion and highlighting women writers in Graeco-Roman Antiquity. In workshops employing a variety of active methodologies, students become acquainted with Greek writers like Sappho, Diotima of Mantinea and Aspasia, and their Roman counterparts, including Sulpicia and Agrippina the Younger, while also becoming aware of the authorship of these women writers and their lack of visibility. The proposals take the shape of activities aimed at fostering a vocation for science among baccalaureate students in Spain but can also be easily adapted to secondary and even higher education in other educational contexts.
Sensorless contact force estimation and robust impedance control for a quadrotor manipulation system
Authors: Khalifa Alaa , Fanni Mohamed , Khalifa Ahmed
Published: November 2024

The research on aerial manipulation systems has been increased rapidly in recent years. These systems are very attractive for a wide range of applications due to their unique features. However, dynamics, control and manipulation tasks of such systems are quite challenging because they are naturally unstable, have very fast dynamics, have strong nonlinearities, are very susceptible to parameters variations due to carrying a payload besides the external disturbances, and have complex inverse kinematics. In addition, the manipulation tasks require estimating (applying) a certain force of (at) the end-effector as well as the accurate positioning of it. Thus, in this article, a robust force estimation and impedance control scheme is proposed to address these issues. The robustness is achieved based on the Disturbance Observer (DOb) technique. Then, a tracking and performance low computational linear controller is used. For teleoperation purpose, the contact force needs to be identified. However, the current developed techniques for force estimation have limitations because they are based on ignoring some dynamics and/or requiring of an indicator of the environment contact. Unlike these techniques, we propose a technique based on linearization capabilities of DOb and a Fast Tracking Recursive Least Squares (FTRLS) algorithm. The complex inverse kinematics problem of such a system is solved by a Jacobin based algorithm. The stability analysis of the proposed scheme is presented. The algorithm is tested to achieve tracking of task space reference trajectories besides the impedance control. The efficiency of the proposed technique is enlightened via numerical simulation.
Repetitive ultramicrotome trimming and SEM imaging for characterizing printed multilayer structures
Authors: Huang Liyu , Mach Tim P. , Binder Joachim R. , Thelen Richard , Curticean Ronald , Wacker Irene , Schröder Rasmus R. , Gengenbach Ulrich
Published: November 2024

Ultramicrotomy is a well-established technique that has been applied in biology and medical research to produce thin sections or a blockface of an embedded sample for microscopy. Recently, this technique has also been applied in materials science or micro- and nanotechnology as a sample preparation method for subsequent characterization. In this work, an application of ultramicrotomy for the cross-section preparation of an inkjet-printed multilayer structure is demonstrated. The investigated device is a capacitor consisting of three layers. The top and bottom electrodes are printed with silver nanoparticle ink and the dielectric layer with a ceramic nanoparticle/polymer ink. A 3D profilometer is initially used to study the surface morphology of the printed multilayer. The measurements show that both electrodes exhibit a coffee-ring effect, which results in an inhomogeneous layer structure of the device. To obtain precise 3D information on the multilayer, cross-sections must be prepared. Argon ion beam milling is the current gold standard to produce a single cross-section in good quality, however, the cross-section position within the multilayer volume is poorly defined. Moreover, the milling process requires a significant investment of time and resources. Herein, we develop an efficient method to realize repetitive cross-section preparation at well-defined positions in the multilayer volume. Repetitive cross-sections are exposed by trimming with an ultramicrotome (UM) and this blockface is subsequently transferred into a scanning electron microscope (SEM) for imaging. A combination of custom-modified UM and SEM specimen holders allows repeated transfer of the clamped multilayer sample between instruments without damage and with high positioning accuracy. This novel approach enhances the combination of an established ultramicrotome and a SEM for multilayer sample volume investigation. Thus, a comprehensive understanding of printed multilayer structures can be gained, to derive insights for optimization of device architecture and printing process.
Design and implementation of an inductor based cell balancing circuit with reduced switches for Lithium-ion batteries
Authors: Venkatasatish R. , Dhanamjayulu C.
Published: November 2024

Electrical Vehicles (EVs) will eventually lead to reduced availability of fossil fuels and increased asset demand. The efficiency and range of electrically powered vehicles are influenced by the battery. The chemical structure of lithium-ion (LIB) batteries is particularly vulnerable to overcharging and deep discharge, which may damage the battery, reduce its life, and even cause dangerous things. Hence an efficient management system known as a battery management system (BMS) is needed to balance, protect, and manage the energy of the battery pack. Cell balancing is the most important of the three in terms of the longevity of the battery structure. Cells in a battery pack are imbalanced during charging and discharging due to the design parameters of cells in a battery pack which results in battery degradation and an increase in temperature. Hence efficient cell balancing techniques are needed to balance the battery pack to improve the safety level and life. Hence, the paper proposed a novel 2-layer multi-inductor active cell balancing (2 L MI-ACB) and single-layer multi-inductor active cell balancing with a state of charge-based controller. In the MATLAB/SimScape environment, the inductor-based balancing method for 52 V battery systems is implemented based on the comparison, and the results are explained. The model is tested with OPAL-RT 5700 real-time HIL Simulator and compared with simulation results to show its effectiveness.
In situ growth of octa-phenyl polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane nanocages over fluorinated graphene nanosheets: super-wetting coatings for oil and organic sorption
Authors: Loganathan Pushparaj , Yogapriya Ravi , Chinnusamy Arunkumar , Datta K. K. R. , Shanmugan Swaminathan
Published: November 2024

In situ growth of O-Ph-POSS nanocages on fluorinated graphene (FG) creates a robust O-Ph-POSS-FG superhydrophobic–oleophilic material. Coating PU with O-Ph-POSS-FG provides a feasible solution for oil spill remediation and recovery.
Control of the electronic and optical properties of aminoxyl radicals via boron complexation
Authors: Kuroda Takuma , Yang Peiyuan , Nakamura Marika , Hyakutake Risa , Fukumoto Hiroki , Oshiki Toshiyuki , Nishina Yuta , Masada Koichiro , Sasamori Takahiro , Mizuhata Yosihiyuki , Kubo Kazuya , Inoue Ryo , Agou Tomohiro
Published: November 2024

Boron-aminoxyl radical complexes were synthesised and characterised. The unpaired electrons of the radical complexes were delocalised through the π-systems, in contrast to the spin localisation on the NO moieties in the aminoxyl radicals.
Piezo channels in JG cells do not regulate renin expression or renin release to the circulation
Authors: Nagalakshmi Vidya K. , Smith Jason P. , Matsuoka Daisuke , Gomez Roberto Ariel , Sequeira-Lopez Maria Luisa Soledad
Published: November 2024

Renin-expressing juxtaglomerular (JG) cells possess an intrinsic pressure-sensing mechanism(s) that regulates renin synthesis and release in response to changes in perfusion pressure. Although we recently described the structure of the nuclear mechanotransducer that controls renin transcription, the acute pressure-sensing mechanism that controls the rapid release of renin has not been identified. In JG cells there is an inverse relationship between intracellular calcium and renin release, the ‘calcium paradox’. Since the discovery of Piezo2 as the ‘touch’ receptors, there has been a significant interest in exploring whether they are also involved in other tissues beyond the skin. Given that Piezo receptors are permeable to calcium upon mechanical stimuli, it would be reasonable to hypothesize that Piezo2 controls renin synthesis and/or release in JG cells. To test this hypothesis, we used a variety of novel mouse models and JG cell-specific techniques to define whether Piezo2 controls renin expression and/or release in JG cells. Our in vivo data using constitutive and inducible Cre driver mouse lines and a variety of novel experimental approaches indicate that Piezo2 channels are not necessary for renin synthesis or release in JG cells during normal conditions or when homeostasis is threatened by hypotension, sodium depletion, or inverse changes in blood pressure. Furthermore, Piezo1 channels do not compensate for the lack of Piezo2 in JG cells. Efforts should be devoted to identifying the acute mechanosensory mechanisms controlling renin release.
Spatially resolved emission lines in galaxies at 4 ≤ z < 10 from the JADES survey: Evidence for enhanced central star formation
Authors: Tripodi Roberta , D’Eugenio Francesco , Maiolino Roberto , Curti Mirko , Scholtz Jan , Tacchella Sandro , Marconcini Cosimo , Bunker Andrew J. , Trussler James A. A. , Cameron Alex J. , Arribas Santiago , Baker William M. , Bradač Maruša , Carniani Stefano , Charlot Stéphane , Ji Xihan , Ji Zhiyuan , Robertson Brant , Übler Hannah , Venturi Giacomo , Willmer Christopher N. A. , Witstok Joris
Published: November 2024

We present the first statistical investigation of spatially resolved emission-line properties in a sample of 63 low-mass galaxies at 4 ≤ z < 10 using James Webb Space Telescope (JWST)/NIRSpec Micro Shutter Assembly (MSA) data from the JWST Advanced Deep Extragalactic (JADES) survey, focusing on deep, spatially resolved spectroscopy in the GOODS-S extragalactic field. By performing a stacking of the 2D spectra of the galaxies in our sample, we find an increasing or flat radial trend with increasing radius for [O III]λ5007/Hβ and a decreasing trend for the blended spectral complex (Hη + [Ne III]λ3869 + He Iλ3889 + Hζ)/[O II]λ3727 (3−4σ significance). These results are still valid when stacking the sample in two redshift bins (i.e. 4 ≤ z < 5.5 and 5.5 ≤ z < 10). The comparison with star-formation photoionisation models suggests that the ionisation parameter increases by ∼0.5 dex with redshift. Under the hypothesis that radial variations in (Hη + [Ne III]λ3869 + He Iλ3889 + Hζ)/[O II]λ3727 are dominated by trends in [Ne III]λ3869/[O II]λ3727, we find a tentative metallicity gradient that increases with radius (i.e. ‘inverted’) in both redshift bins. Moreover, our analysis reveals strong negative gradients for the equivalent width of Hβ (7σ significance). This trend persists even after removing known active galactic nucleus candidates, and is therefore consistent with a radial gradient primarily in stellar age and secondarily in metallicity. Taken together, our results suggest that the sample is dominated by active central star formation, with possibly inverted metallicity gradients sustained by recent episodes of accretion of pristine gas or strong radial flows. Deeper observations and larger samples are needed to confirm these preliminary results and to validate our interpretation.
Prediction of trumpet performance descriptors using machine learning
Authors: Mohamed Mimoun , Fréour Vincent , Vergez Christophe , Arimoto Keita , Emiya Valentin , Cochelin Bruno
Published: November 2024

Based on a physical model of a trumpet’s functioning, the numerical continuation approach is used to construct the model’s bifurcation diagram, which depends on the instrument’s acoustic characteristics and the musician’s parameters. In this article, we first identify 10 descriptors that account for the main characteristics of each bifurcation diagram. It is first shown that these descriptors can be used to classify four professional trumpets with a recognition rate close to 100%. The XGBoost algorithm is used for this purpose. Secondly, we evaluate the ability of different classical machine learning algorithms to predict the values of the 10 descriptors given the acoustic characteristics of a trumpet and the value of the musician’s parameters. The best surrogate model is obtained using the LassoLars method, trained on a dataset of 12,000 bifurcation diagrams calculated by numerical continuation. Training takes just 2 min, and real-time predictions are accurate, with an error of approximately 1%. A software interface has been developed to enable trumpet designers to predict the values of the descriptors for a trumpet being designed, without any knowledge of physics or nonlinear dynamics.
Determination of predicted output for different heights of wind turbine location
Authors: Garanzha Igor , Golikov Alexander , Pisareva Milena
Published: November 2024

Today the world is experiencing a significant increase in the capacity of renewable energy sources. Current development forecasts tell us that renewable energy sources (RES) could account for up to 20% of the global energy mix by 2030 (excluding large-scale hydropower). But the forecasts will be realized if these energy sources are developed and introduced into the practice of producing electrical energy as quickly and widely as possible. It will take 30 to 50 years for new energy sources to increase their share of the total energy budget from 1% to 10%. In world practice, the use of wind turbines with a capacity of up to 1 MW is considered unpromising. Wind turbines with a capacity of up to 3 MW have received great development. In 2008, the first wind generators with a capacity of 6…8 MW were built in Europe. Investments in the development of Russian wind energy using new wind turbines from EVIAG AG, namely EV 90 and EV 100 are promising. It has been revealed that the total output over the service life of the facility constantly increases with height. However, taking into account the increase in one-time costs during the construction of the facility, the increase in the cost of its operation, we can conclude that the most acceptable tower height for the Turbowind T 600-48 will be within 50...60 m, and for the Eviag EV 100 - 90…100 m. Knowing that the cost of the construction part of wind energy complex facilities in most cases is approximately 10…40% of the cost of the wind turbine itself, and at the same time as calculations have shown an increase in costs associated with changing the height of the tower by 20% gives an increase in profit by 60%, you can quite profitably operate with the tower height parameter, taking the most rational.
Mathematical modeling and comparative analysis of baffle types in heat exchange equipment
Authors: Salin Alexey
Published: November 2024

The development of digital technologies has significantly increased the effectiveness of production and research, especially in the oil and gas industry, where mathematical modeling plays a significant role in equipment design. This paper presents research aimed at developing digital twins of process equipment and focuses on heat exchangers with different types of baffles. The main focus is on comparing the effectiveness of segmental, helical, spiral and disk-ring type baffles as well as tube finning for heat transfer intensification. Numerical experiments using ANSYS CFX for modeling of hydrodynamics and heat transfer in shell and tube heat exchangers with different baffle designs have been carried out. The results showed that disk-ring baffles provide the highest effectiveness of heat transfer, but lead to inhomogeneous velocity and pressure distributions. Spiral baffles showed a significant improvement in heat transfer with relatively low hydraulic resistance, despite difficulties in fabrication and installation. Segmental baffles remain the most popular due to their simplicity and low cost, while rod baffles require further research due to their low effectiveness and high resistance. The paper concludes by recommending the development of digital twins and their use in equipment design, modernization and operation to select optimal mode parameters and solve structural optimization objectives, which has a positive effect on the effectiveness and reliability of equipment in operation.
Features of the Chromium thermal expansion in a wide temperature range
Authors: Kozlovskii Yurii , Stankus Sergei
Published: November 2024

The thermal expansion of polycrystalline Chromium in the temperature range of 95–1673 K by the dilatometric method has studied. Critical indices and amplitudes of the thermal expansion coefficient in the magnetic phase transition are determined. The rapid growth of the linear thermal expansion coefficient at high temperatures is confirmed. The temperature dependences of the thermal properties were obtained, and the reference tables of the recommended values for a wide temperature range of a solid state were developed.
Finding the conditions of optimal combustion mode of liquid fuel atomized by superheated steam through of regime map analysis
Authors: Kopyev Evgeny , Tarulin Mark
Published: November 2024

The problem of development of an algorithm for searching the conditions of the optimal combustion mode on the example of experimental data of combustion of diesel fuel atomized by superheated steam is considered. Approximated regime maps were used as an analysis tool. The optimal combustion mode was chosen as an average between two components: the equation of minimum carbon monoxide concentrations, which provides combustion with minimum concentrations of harmful substances in the combustion products; and the equation of the lower line of maximum values on the gradient surface of carbon monoxide concentrations, which provides high efficiency of the burner device operation compared to the zone of optimal combustion due to lower air concentrations.
Sustainable energy development through BRICS cooperation in technology and innovations
Authors: Korneeva Elena , Skornichenko Natalia , Shamakova Nafiza , Freze Tatiana
Published: November 2024

Sustainable energy development is increasingly crucial for BRICS nations (Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa) due to their growing economic and energy demands. This paper explores the collaborative efforts of these countries in developing sustainable energy technologies and innovations. Each BRICS nation brings unique strengths, such as Brazil’s biofuel advancements, China’s leadership in solar and wind energy, and India’s ambitious solar projects. The research investigates how these strengths can be leveraged collectively to address global energy challenges. Key findings highlight both the progress made through joint initiatives and the significant barriers, including economic disparities, policy misalignment, and geopolitical tensions. The paper concludes that, while BRICS has the potential to lead global sustainable energy transitions, overcoming these challenges is essential for realizing this goal and setting a global example.
Thermodynamic properties of ErВ4
Authors: Morozov Anton
Published: November 2024

The temperature dependence of the molar heat capacity of erbium tetraboride in the range 2-300 K has been experimentally studied. Anomalies were found on the temperature dependence of the heat capacity due to the processes of transition to antiferromagnetic state at ТN=15.2 K. Using the received data of temperature dependence of heat capacity, temperature changes of magnetic, lattice, electronic and Schottky contributions to the heat capacity of ErB4 have been determined and analyzed. The lattice contribution to the heat capacity of erbium tetraboride was calculated by the correspondence method by comparison with the lattice heat capacity of LuB4; the temperature dependence of the excess component of the heat capacity Δc(T) was obtained by subtracting the lattice and electron contributions from the total heat capacity. In our opinion, the value of Δc(T) together with the magnetic contribution contains one more component - the Schottky contribution to the heat capacity. The temperature dependences of the magnetic component and the Schottky contribution to the heat capacity extracted from the total heat capacity allowed us to determine the value of the exchange integral J (or the exchange parameter J/k).
Regulation of electricity consumption based on tariffs setting
Authors: Lapteva Svetlana , Mottaeva Asiiat , Kopytina Yuliya , Kochetkov Ivan
Published: November 2024

The public services system is characterized by a complex intersectoral interaction, which shapes the comfort of housing and living. One of the main utility resources is electricity, the consumption of which is surrounded by a lot of debate nowadays. On the one hand, the number of mobile and other devices powered by electrical energy is increasing. On the other hand, the production of electricity based on fuel resources is still dominant today. In finding a balance between the production of alternative, more environmentally friendly energy and reducing consumption through the use of energy-saving technologies, it is also advisable to use tariff regulation methods. The article analyzes the European experience of tariff regulation based on the priority method operating in Austria. The authors draw parallels between the current Russian regulatory system and the Austrian one, and also put forward a hypothesis about the possibility of applying this experience in the northern territories of Russia, where, along with high electricity consumption, there is wide access to hydro and wind resources.
Review and analysis of methods of automation of temperature measurement process
Authors: Sotvoldiev Xusniddin , Tukxtasinov Dadakhon , Zokirov Sanjar , Toxirova Sarvinoz , Abdullayeva Mohigul , Muhammadjonov Azamatjon
Published: November 2024

Temperature sensing is a critical aspect in various applications, ranging from industrial processes to consumer electronics. Two commonly used temperature sensors are NTC (Negative Temperature Coefficient) thermistors and DS18B20 thermometer sensors. NTC thermistors are resistive devices characterized by a negative temperature coefficient, making their resistance decrease as temperature rises. DS18B20 sensors, on the other hand, employ a digital 1-wire interface to provide accurate temperature measurements in a wide range. Understanding the measurement and performance limits of NTC thermistors and DS18B20 sensors is vital for selecting the appropriate sensor for a given application, ensuring reliable and accurate temperature data acquisition. Implementing temperature measurements using NTC thermistors involves considering their characteristic curves, while DS18B20 sensors offer a digital output, simplifying interfacing with microcontrollers. The output from both sensors is typically in degrees Celsius, providing essential information for applications requiring precise temperature monitoring.
The reliability evaluation of local computer networks using markov model of multiple heterogeneous groups of switches
Authors: Terskov Vitaly , Sakash Irina
Published: November 2024

At present, in all areas of life, the rapid development of information technology, which needs high-quality and fast exchange of information, needs data networks. The technical parameters of these networks must be studied accurately enough to design and develop new local computer networks. The task of investigating the reliable operation of these network parameters is the most urgent in the field of information technology. Therefore, common topologies of local computer networks and reliability models of recoverable systems are considered in the article. The Formulas for calculation of complex reliability indicators of the considered topology are given. The corresponding example is shown. For this, the Markov service model, that is, the description of a mass service operation using a Markov process with a discrete set of states, was used. This paper describes results that can improve the hardware reliability of local data communication networks in the design and modernization of existing technical systems.
Formation of requirements for energy efficiency of buildings when designing BIM models in construction
Authors: Mitroshin Ivan , Shesterikova Yana
Published: November 2024

Creating and maintaining BIM models play a key role in realization of investment and construction projects using BIM technologies. The efficiency of these processes can be enhanced by certain rules and regulations, which, in most cases, in terms of energy efficiency requirements are represented by the EIR (Employer’s Information Requirements). Formulating a list of conditions is the customer’s personal prerogative and can vary significantly depending on the organization. To determine the features of developing regulations for creation of BIM models in the conditions of the modern Russian construction industry, a study of actual developed documents has been carried out. As a result of the study, the characteristic features of existing approaches to creating information requirements have been identified, and also a number of factors that play an important role in this process.
Dynamometric study of rod pumps with physical wear
Authors: Ponikarov Sergey , Ponikarov Artem
Published: November 2024

Rod pumping units are widely used in mature oil fields to artificially lift crude oil to the surface. However, during operation, common failures include rod breaks, pump valve malfunctions, and stuck rods. Incorrect diagnosis of these issues leads to inefficient repair planning and significant financial losses. Rod breaks in particular are dangerous as they can cause sparks, increasing explosion and fire risk. This paper analyzes the causes of sucker rod pump failures using the Novo-Elkhovskoye field as a case study. The authors propose introducing modern technologies and protection systems to improve reliability. Field tests were conducted to identify the root causes of rod string breaks in directional wells, which often experience increased friction between rods and tubing. Dynamometry monitored pump performance and mechanical issues, while chemical analysis linked produced fluid properties to failure rates. Results indicate rod breaks are more common in directional wells due to higher rod-tubing friction. Preventive measures were evaluated for effectiveness. The authors recommend advanced diagnostics, optimized rod string design, and improved corrosion and wear resistance to reduce failures. Implementing these solutions can enhance the stability and safety of rod pumping operations in mature fields.
Gas-dynamic resistance in the swirling zone of the vortex apparatus gas flow
Authors: Moskalev L. N.
Published: November 2024

At the end of the twentieth and beginning of the twenty-first century, almost all national policies in the world are oriented towards environmental problems. Therefore, environmental policy is aimed at reducing the consumption of various resources and reducing harmful emissions into the environment. This is especially true for dusts, which can be formed at almost all enterprises. One of the ways to improve environmental safety from gaseous, solid and liquid emissions from the production of various types and types of products in chemistry, petrochemistry and refining is modernization. Such modernization can be implemented in production management systems and resource consumption policies, as well as in modernization of technical processes and improvement of equipment design. In many chemical processes, dust-like particulate matter from gaseous emissions is captured by dust collection equipment, particularly cyclones and centrifuges. Such devices are usually installed in the “tail end” of the process circuit. However, despite the high effectiveness of these devices, their effectiveness decreases significantly as the size of solid particles in dust decreases, for instance, below 85-90% for cyclones of CN-15 type at particle size less than 10-15 microns. At the department “Machines and apparatuses of chemical productions” of Kazan National Research Technological University (KNRTU) a vortex apparatus has been developed, which retains high effectiveness at the size of solid particles in dust about 2.0-5.0 microns. In this paper, the gas dynamic resistance in the swirling region of the gas flow of the vortex device was investigated by changing the mode and velocity of the gas flow. Experimental research results of the resistance of the swirled flow of the vortex device for different modes and gas flow velocities are presented. The dependence and influence of the twist coefficient of the gas-air mixture (gas) flow on the resistance coefficient of the vortex device is revealed. Recommendations on application of research results for engineering calculations of similar apparatuses are given.
Epitaxial AIN/AIN bimorph piezocantilevers for geothermal monitoring
Authors: Panyutin E.A. , Sharofidinov S.S. , Kremleva A.V. , Sokura L.A.
Published: November 2024

The problem of early and reliable prediction of earthquakes, which can lead to catastrophic consequences, is far from being solved, so it remains extremely topical. The next step towards its solution, as it is supposed, could be the creation of a network of sensors located in the hot deep layers of geothermal systems and capable of continuous monitoring of geophysical parameters characterizing the activity of magma. In this paper we propose the use of matrices of thermally stable bimorph piezocantilevers formed on the basis of epitaxial AlN/AlN structures and allowing the possibility of excitation of acoustic waves of various types as a universal platform for the subsequent creation of various sensors capable of operating in high-temperature and chemically aggressive environments. Since in static modes the main manifestation of the inverse piezo effect is the appearance of bending deformations, for preliminary estimation of the geometrical parameters of such cantilevers, a mathematical model of the change in the deflection value was constructed, and a computational algorithm (MATLAB environment) was developed to make it possible to obtain the optimal ratios between the thicknesses of active AlN layers from the point of view of minimizing the control stresses.
Enhancing super-resolution in remote sensing: Integrating GIS data with CNN-based SRGAN models for improved image reconstruction
Authors: Sharshov Ivan , Shoshina Kseniya , Vasendina Irina , Aleshko Roman , Berezovsky Vladimir
Published: November 2024

In the field of remote sensing (RS), image super-resolution (SR) techniques play a crucial role across various applications. Traditional SR methods face challenges when applied to long-term coverage datasets with limited spatial resolution. However, recent advancements in deep learning have opened up new possibilities for improving the spatial resolution of RS data. While many convolutional neural network (CNN)- based approaches have achieved excellent performance in developing efficient end-to-end SR models for natural images, they have been less frequently applied to satellite image upscaling with high scale factors. This paper introduces a novel CNN block that enhances the performance of SRGAN-based models. Experimental results show that these architectures benefit from additional data, especially when low-resolution images provide insufficient feature information.
Studying the structural state and residual microstresses of rocks using the x-ray method
Authors: Sultanalieva Raia , Ismanov Yusupzhan , Tazhibaev Kushbakali , Konushbaeva Ainur , Turdubaeva Chynarkul
Published: November 2024

The problem of determining the structural parameters and residual stresses of rocks subjected to external influence is considered. Residual stresses were determined using the X-ray method: micro- and ultra-microscopic stresses of the 3rd kind after heat treatment. The object of the study was samples taken from different deposits of the Kyrgyz Republic. The research results showed that heat treatment in the quenching mode leads to significant changes in stresses at all structural levels. Thermal effects lead to significant changes in the structural state of rocks. In quartz-containing rocks, compressive residual stresses at the level of the crystal lattice are reduced, and with a further increase in temperature they are converted into tensile stresses. An approach based on X-ray measurements, along with other methods for studying the parameters of the structural state, ultimately makes it possible to purposefully control the deformation and strength properties of rocks and minerals, and to use changes in properties to solve problems in the extraction and processing of minerals, and in the creation of building materials.
The occurrence of stress-strain state of SA-3 during operation
Authors: Martynenko Liubov
Published: November 2024

Speaking about the wear of the traction and impact surfaces of the automatic coupling body, the main types of malfunctions are associated with large dynamic forces that occur during operation and are transmitted from the locomotive to the entire train. The braking force has a special effect, which can not only create large dynamic forces, but also break the automatic coupling, leading to the derailment of the rolling stock. To ensure safety, it is necessary to consider this device in a special program, where it is possible to calculate the loads under various conditions and determine the places in this part that are considered especially vulnerable when the load is above the norm. It should also be noted that the wear of the wedge of the traction yoke, which is a hinge for the automatic coupling device and can wear out due to the occurrence of large longitudinal forces during operation. The thrust plate, which the absorbing device rests against, is an adapter when transferring the load from the automatic coupling to the absorbing device. This device can stop absorbing the load when the absorber fails or create conditions for reducing loads using an additional part installed in front of the thrust plate, which will prevent power surges from which the tail section of the automatic coupling is not protected. The insert, which will take part of the load, will provide protection from loads and additional wear.
Effect of polymer composition on mechanical and tribotechnical properties in a friction pair with steel
Authors: Biryukov Vladimir
Published: November 2024

The article presents the results of kinetic indentation and wear tests of polymer samples from ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE), high molecular weight polyethylene (HMWPE), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyoxymethylene (POM). The determination of the micromechanical properties of polymers was carried out on the Nanoscan-4D device. diamond triangular Berkovich pyramid with a maximum loading force of 10 mN. The values of microhardness HV, modulus of elasticity E, work on elastic deformation We, work on plastic deformation Wp were obtained. Wear tests were performed on a friction machine with a vertical axis of rotation according to the scheme: “three steel balls rigidly fixed in a mandrel (steel ShКh15) - the wide side of a rectangular polymer sample” without the use of lubricant at normal temperature. Patterns of changes in the depth of wear holes were established depending on the composition of the polymer. PET samples had minimal wear and had maximum wear resistance, followed by POM, UHMWPE and HMWPE samples in descending order of wear resistance. The microhardness values of the samples were determined, and its minimum values were obtained for UHMWPE, and the microhardness of PET, HMWPE and POM samples was 4.47, 1.45 and 1.18 times higher than that of UHMWPE, respectively. The work of elastic–plastic deformation had maximum values on UHMWPE samples, and minimum values on PET samples.
Evaluation of radon gas air concentration in schools in Waist, Iraq
Authors: Ahmed Eman , Nemah S. S. , Obayes Esraa S. , Hade Seood Gufran , Saeed Jassim Ali
Published: November 2024

In this research, radon concentrations were measured in schools in Wasit city in Iraq, where radon gas concentration levels were measured for 40 schools in Wasit city, and the results indicated that radon concentration levels ranged between 3.000-50.00 Bq/m3 with an average value of 18.05±1.728 Bq/m3, and the results of some radiation coefficients related to radon concentration as the average annual effective dose (AED) given to students and staff from each school was much lower than the ICRP limit for 1993 of (3-10) mSv/year and is now about 0.3935 ± 0.046 mSv/year All AED values are lower than the ICRP limit for 1993 of (3-10) mSv/year The results of the pulse effective dose with an average value of 1.165 ± 0.12 spep/year The results of the paec with an average value of 1.4863, which shows that the paec results are much lower than the level unscear. Current NCRP values, 1989. The results of lung cancer cases per year per million persons (CPPP) had a mean value of 9.196 ± 0.877. The population-weighted mean values were below the ICRP 1993 limit of (170-230) per year per million persons, and it can be concluded that the radon concentrations measured in Wasit Governorate schools are within the acceptable limits and there is no radiation hazard.