bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Indices of extremes: geographic patterns of change in extremes and associated vegetation impacts under climate intervention
Authors: Tye Mari R. , Dagon Katherine , Molina Maria J. , Richter Jadwiga H. , Visioni Daniele , Kravitz Ben , Tilmes Simone
Published: August 2022

Abstract. Extreme weather events have been demonstrated to be increasing in frequency
and intensity across the globe and are anticipated to increase further with
projected changes in climate. Solar climate intervention strategies,
specifically stratospheric aerosol injection (SAI), have the potential to
minimize some of the impacts of a changing climate while more robust
reductions in greenhouse gas emissions take effect. However, to date little
attention has been paid to the possible responses of extreme weather and
climate events under climate intervention scenarios. We present an analysis
of 16 extreme surface temperature and precipitation indices, as well as associated
vegetation responses, applied to the Geoengineering Large Ensemble (GLENS).
GLENS is an ensemble of simulations performed with the Community Earth
System Model (CESM1) wherein SAI is simulated to offset the warming produced
by a high-emission scenario throughout the 21st century, maintaining surface
temperatures at 2020 levels. GLENS is generally successful at maintaining global mean temperature near
2020 levels; however, it does not completely offset some of the projected
warming in northern latitudes. Some regions are also projected to cool
substantially in comparison to the present day, with the greatest decreases
in daytime temperatures. The differential warming–cooling also translates to
fewer very hot days but more very hot nights during the summer and fewer
very cold days or nights compared to the current day. Extreme precipitation
patterns, for the most part, are projected to reduce in intensity in areas
that are wet in the current climate and increase in intensity in dry areas.
We also find that the distribution of daily precipitation becomes more
consistent with more days with light rain and fewer very intense events
than currently occur. In many regions there is a reduction in the
persistence of long dry and wet spells compared to present day. However,
asymmetry in the night and day temperatures, together with changes in cloud
cover and vegetative responses, could exacerbate drying in regions that are
already sensitive to drought. Overall, our results suggest that while SAI
may ameliorate some of the extreme weather hazards produced by global
warming, it would also present some significant differences in the
distribution of climate extremes compared to the present day.
History of Kakioka Magnetic Observatory
Authors: Fujii Ikuko , Nagamachi Shingo
Published: August 2022

Abstract. Kakioka Magnetic Observatory (KMO) was founded in 1913 by
the Central Meteorological Observatory (CMO, later the Japan Meteorological Agency) as a successor to Tokyo Magnetic Observatory. Kakioka was a village 70 km north of Tokyo and was selected to escape from tram noise in Tokyo. At first, it was an unstaffed observatory only for geomagnetic field observation. Then, the Great Kanto Earthquake in 1923 changed the fate of
KMO because the earthquake severely damaged the CMO in Tokyo, and recording papers of KMO were lost. KMO was staffed in 1924 and was redesigned as an institute for geophysics rather than geomagnetism. KMO operated a variety of
observations, such as the atmospheric electric field, the geoelectric field, the seismicity, the air temperature, the wind velocity, the sunspot and
solar prominence as well as the geomagnetic field, by the 1940s. In addition, research activity flourished with the leadership of the first director, Shuichi Imamichi. After World War II was over in 1945, KMO formed a
network of observatories in Japan by founding several branch observatories
originally for geoelectric field observation. Two branch observatories at Memambetsu and Kanoya survived, with geomagnetic field observation added in the International Geophysical Year project (1957–1958). Efforts in development of instruments for geomagnetic absolute measurement and systems of high-sampling recordings in the 1950s to 1970s resulted in the development of the Kakioka Automatic Standard Magnetometer (KASMMER) system in
1972. KASMMER measured the geomagnetic field every 3 s at the highest standard in the world in digital form, giving 1 min digital values of the geomagnetic field available. This system has been updated, and
the high-sampling technology was applied to geoelectric field observation and atmospheric electric field observation. Later, adding
geomagnetic field observation at Chichijima in 1971, KMO established a unique electric and magnetic observation network at Kakioka, Memambetsu,
Kanoya and Chichijima and provided precise and high-speed sampling data
(1 min, 1 and 0.1 s values) by 2001. On the other hand, KMO gradually
terminated or automated their observations and reduced their staff in the last several decades following the government's reform policy. The two branch
observatories at Memambetsu and Kanoya were unstaffed in 2011, and the atmospheric electric field at Memambetsu was terminated at that time. The
geoelectric field observations at Kakioka, Memambetsu and Kanoya were
terminated in 2021 as well as the atmospheric electric field at Kakioka. KMO
focuses on geomagnetic observation for now and puts efforts into total force observation at volcanoes and the digitization of historic analog
data.
QUT Research Graduates Yearbook, 2022
Authors:   Graduate Research Education & Development (GRE+D)
Published: August 2022

HDR research activity remains at the heart of QUT’s real world research ambitions and our HDR cohort is one of the key the engine rooms of our innovation pipeline. In 2021, our HDR cohort showed great resilence in a world that continues to be challenged by a pandemic, complex international relations and an increasingly fractured world. Our HDR students find answers to questions that touch the very fundamentals of the human existence.and its embedding into our societies, explore ways towards innovative health solutions, understand the complexities of nature from the very small to planetary and extra-terrestrial dimensions on a fundamental level and engineer the innovations that support a sustainable environment. QUT will continue to place great importance on the HDR journey including both the research and career development components. Our graduates continue to take up leadership position ranging from industry to government agencies to academia in Australia and abroad, enabling positive change. We are continuously striving to enhance our HDR experience and research leaders across our schools, centers, faculties and divisions continue to work in partnership with our HDR cohort to maximize their impact. The year ahead will continue to challenge us as a society and a global community on several fronts, thus resilience building remains a key learning outcome for our HDR students, enabling them to thrive in pushing the boundaries of knowledge forward. I hope you enjoy the read.
Prevalence and Associative Factors of Protein Energy Malnutrition among the under Five Children
Authors: Reena Purani Jannet , Pandya Bhuvnesh
Published: August 2022

Malnutrition is one of the world’s most serious but least-addressed development challenges. In 2019, 149 million children were stunted (low height-for-age), which indicates not only a failure to achieve one’s own genetic potential for height but is also a predictor of many other developmental constraints, including cognitive deficits and future economic opportunities, including impeding a country’s ability to accumulate human capital. The main objectives were to assess the prevalence rate of PEM among the under five age children and find out its associative factors. To correlate the prevalence of PEM with the selected demographic variables and compare its prevalence between under five children of selected rural and urban areas. A cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out for this study to assess the prevalence of PEM and its associative factors among the under-five children. Study was conducted in the rural areas (Munsad and Chovisi) and urban areas (Rustamvadi) of Navsari District. The areas were selected by probability cluster sampling method. Demographic data, anthropometric measurements such as height/length, weight, mid arm circumference were taken from all the under five children and BMI was calculated according to WHO standards and compared.
A Comparative Study to Assess Emotional Intelligence between boys and girls nursing students of selected Nursing Colleges at Latur
Authors: SS Sarvanan , Kumar S K Santosh , A Chinnasamy
Published: August 2022

Background of The Study: A man’s life is normally divided into five stages namely: infancy, childhood, adolescence, adulthood and old age. Every stage has its significance in terms of biological and psychological transition which in-turn influences the behavior, among these stages the pivotal transformation occurs between childhood to adolescence, which is also termed as biological stress. Hormone for the first time appear and change the internal environment and in- turn influence psychological composure of an individual, this influence can be in positive or in negative way. Aim: Aim of study is to assess and compare emotional intelligence between boys and girls nursing students form selected nursing colleges of latur. Method: In the study 60 samples were chosen using non probability convenient sampling, structured Emotional intelligence scale was administered to assess emotional intelligence among boys and girls of nursing college. Result: The findings of the present study, revealed that among Boys the highest percentage (86%) had high emotional intelligence and remaining (13.33%) had low Emotional intelligence scores. While In case of Girls, Highest percentage (95%) had high emotional intelligence scores and remaining (5%) had low emotional intelligence scores. To find the significance of difference in mean emotional intelligence scores between Boys and Girls Nursing students, Independent ‘t’-test was computed obtained value of Independent ‘t’(58)= 6.553 , which was found to be significant at 0.05 level of significance. Hence Null hypothesis is rejected interpreting Girls had significantly higher emotional intelligence compared to Boys. To find association with level of Emotional intelligence and their selected personal demographical variables Chi-Square was computed, results reveal that no personal variables of samples were found to be statistically significant at 0.05 level of significance. Conclusion: The study revealed the emotional intelligence is having a profound impact on boys and girls Nursing students and it further revels that girls had higher emotionally intelligence in comparison to boys. The result demonstrated that the Questionnaire was effective for comparing the emotional maturity in between boys and girls among the nursing student M.I.N.S college latur.
A Study to assess the knowledge on prevention of Covid-19 among rural elderly in a selected rural area at Mysuru
Authors: CM Lingaraju , Vidya Vidya
Published: August 2022

Covid is recently emerged communicable disease affects all the parts of the world. primarily it outbreaks in wohans provinces china, later it spreads whole world. In India we had lockdown, seal down and Jnatha curfew to break the chain of disease. Transmission. Likely to day we have vaccine to prevent the incidence rate. hence its very crucial to assess the knowledge on covid prevention in gross root level. so The aim of this study is to assess the knowledge on prevention of covid among rural elders under Varuna PHC at Mysuru dist. Objectives: A study to assess the knowledge on prevention of covid-19 among Rural elderly at selected rural area at Mysuru. Research Methodology, Research Approach: Quantitative approach was adopted for the present study. Research designs: The research design selected for this study was descriptive design. Sampling Technique: Non-Probability convenient sampling technique was adopted. Sample Size: 60 Rural Elderly at selected area of varuna PHC under Mysuru dist. Setting of the Study: The present study was conducted in Varuna PHC at Mysuru. Population: Population comprised of rural elderly at Mysuru dist. Result: Result revealed that majority of sample are have adequate knowledge on Covid 19 but there is association between the Knowledge of the rural elderly with their selected demographic variables such as age, education and awareness programme. Conclusion: It was concluded that the Rural Elderly having Adequate Knowledge on Covid 19 and there is statistical significance association between the knowledge and demographic variable such as age, education and awareness programme.
A Study to assess the Psychosocial problems and coping strategies of significant family members of mentally ill patients admitted at MHI (COE), SCBMCH, Cuttack
Authors: Behera Sandhyarani , Kumar Sikandar
Published: August 2022

A descriptive study with quantitative approach was under taken on 50 significant family members of mentally ill patients selected by non probability convenient sampling technique at Mental Health Institute (COE), SCBMCH, Cuttack to assess the psychosocial problems and coping strategies of significant family members of mentally ill patients. Data was collected from 10.02.2020 to 10.03.2020 through questionnaire on psychosocial problems formulated in the form of 4-point likert scale. and COPE Inventory by Carver et al. rated on a 4-point scale format. Collected data were analyzed by using descriptive and inferential statistics. Findings revealed that Highest Percentage (40%) of the family members were in the age group of 48–60 years. A majority (66%) of them were male and (92%) of them were Hindus and (8%) of them were Muslim. Majority (60%) of them were married (36%) of them were farmer. Highest percentage (30%) of them were illiterate and majority (50%) of them were having income ≤ Rs.5000 and (56%) of them from nuclear family. Highest percentage (58%) of them were from rural area and (44%) of them were mother. Majority (38%) of them had >5 years of illness and (76%) of them were having no family history. Most of the significant family members of mentally ill patients (84%) under this study had moderate problem whereas (8%) of them had mild and also (8%) severe problems. The coping strategy most often used by the significant family members of mentally ill patients was restraint coping mean score (15.64±0.66) and instrumental social support mean score (15.64±0.52) and the least used was Humor mean score (4.04±0.28) and Alcohol disengagement mean score (4.38±0.28). The internal consistency of COPE Inventory exhibited Cronbach’s alpha (α) coefficients ranging from 0.93 (Emotional social support) and Instrumental social support (0.90) to 0.41 (Restraint coping). However, the (Restraint coping) shows lower alfa (α). Mostly Problem focused coping strategies (14.12±1.37) was used by the significant family members of the mentally ill patients.
Poha consumption and Glycemic control, An experimental Study
Authors: Jose N. M.
Published: August 2022

Back ground of the study- A research study on poha consumption and glycemic control was conducted with the objective of assessing the efficacy of glycemic control. The population included patients with type-2 Diabetes Mellitus. They were allowed to continue their normal life pattern during the addition of poha as a diet.
Meterials and Methods- A one group pretest post test design was used for the study. The sample size was 100. The setting was a selected village in Mangalore taluk in Dakshina Kannada district of Karnataka. Systematic sampling was used for the study. Results- The post test GRBS levels of all the patients were lesser than the pretest levels. Patients had no additional complaints. The study was done at 0.05 level of significance. Conclusion- Poha is a part of occasional diet in south India. Due to the ignorance of glycemic control effect of this food, people do not consume it regularly. Daily consumption of this food is very effective in controlling hyperglycemia by slow release of glucose from the body. Large scale awareness has to be created among diabetic population regarding the efficacy of this food.
Psykologers opplevelse av hvordan deres politiske verdier påvirker terapi: en tematisk analyse
Authors: Kutal Ezgi , Stänicke Erik , Madsen Ole Jacob
Published: August 2022

Background: Political values are essential to our sense of self and belonging. Yet the political orientation of clinical psychologists has either been neglected in psychological research or been investigated only in the United States several decades ago. This study therefore aimed to explore political values among psychologists and how they perceive the effect of political values on therapy in Norway.

Method: Five clinical psychologists currently in active practice were recruited for semi-structured interviews.

Results and discussion: A thematic analysis yielded several distinct themes. Political beliefs appear to play a part in therapy, and may influence both what the therapist thinks about the client and the choice of therapy. Nonetheless, the informants reported that talking about political beliefs in a psychotherapeutic setting was unusual and even uncomfortable for them.

Conclusion: We therefore ask whether it is time to break the taboos associated with political values in and around psychotherapy, and conclude that further research should be devoted to this sensitive but vital topic.

Keywords: politics, values, psychotherapy, therapeutic alliance, empathy, semi-structured interviews
Looking around the corner: non-line-of-sight imaging for reconstructing surfaces of hidden objects
Authors: Young Sean I
Published: August 2022

Non-line-of-sight (NLOS) imaging refers to computational imaging techniques for reconstructing scenes that are not directly in line of sight from the observer. While current NLOS imaging methods reconstruct either the albedo or surface normals of the hidden scene, the two quantities provide complementary information of the scene, so an efficient method to estimate both simultaneously is desirable. In this talk, I show how the recovery of the two quantities can be formulated as a vector deconvolution problem and solved using the Cholesky–Wiener decomposition. We show that surfaces fitted non-parametrically using our recovered normals are more accurate than those produced with NLOS surface reconstruction methods recently proposed, and are 1,000× faster to compute than using inverse rendering.
Protective Effect of Qi-Shield on the Regeneration of Cultured Connective Tissue Fibroblasts after Mobile Phone Radiation – A Study Using Continuous Monitoring by Video Micrography
Authors: Dartsch Peter C.
Published: August 2022

Background: Mobile phones are high performance devices that consume a lot of energy and also generate heat in form of microwaves. This heat is mainly created by the high frequency electromagnetic fields that transmit voice or data in mobile communications. Moreover, mobile phones also possess non-thermal radiation which has been shown to induce oxidative stress and molecular and cellular damage. Material and methods: In this study not only the dynamic process of cellular damage following oxidative stress from the radiation of an actively transmitting mobile phone was investigated, but also a device named Qi-Shield, which claims to protect from the adverse effects of a mobile phone & WLAN radiation at realistic conditions. The regeneration process of cultured connective tissue cells (cell line L-929) which results in the closure of an artificial cell-free area by cell proliferation and migration, was used for continuous video micrography evaluation for more than 60 hours. Three different experimental approaches were conducted: (1) Regeneration of untreated control cells; (2) Regeneration of unprotected cells after 4 hours of mobile phone radiation; (3) Regeneration of Qi-Shield protected cells after 4 hours of mobile phone radiation. For definite time points during the regeneration process the residual cell-free area was examined by a specialized software with artificial intelligence. Four independent experiments over a period of four weeks were conducted. Results and conclusions: A quite consistent cell reaction for the three different experimental approaches was observed in all experiments. The unexposed control cells showed a nearly linear reduction of the cell-free area with a time point of closure at 50 hours. The unprotected cells after mobile phone exposure also showed a roughly linear reduction of the cell-free area, but its magnitude was significantly lower and did not result in any closure of the cell-free area. The cells protected by Qi-Shield behaved very close to the unexposed cells, although a closure of the cell-free area within 60 hours of regeneration was only observed in two of four experiments. When calculating a relation between the values at 50 hours of regeneration by setting the value for the reduction of unexposed control cells as 100 %, a reduction value of 22 % was obtained for the unprotected cells, but 82.7 % for the Qi-Shield protected cells. Therefore, Qi-Shield was able to protect cells from the adverse effects of mobile phone & WLAN radiation by more than 82 %. The results clearly demonstrate the different dynamic reactions of connective tissue cells after mobile phone radiation and the successful use of Qi-Shield to reduce adverse cellular effects. Keywords: Mobile phone radiation; Oxidative stress; Fibroblast; L-929; Cell regeneration; Cell culture
Phytochemicals and their Medicinal Values of Saraca asoca A Research Review
Authors: Hegde Dileep , M Sunith , N Praveen Kumar , Reddy Jayarama
Published: August 2022

Botanical drugs or Natural drugs are medicines which are composed of natural substances, having constituents of both medicinal activities and health-enhancing properties. Medicinal potential in these plants remain un-accessed due to a plethora of reasons. With sufficient investment, the entire infrastructure of global botanical drugs can be upgraded. The plant Saraca asoca (Roxb.), Wild belongs to Caesalpiniaceae family. The data in this article can be useful in understanding the various phytochemicals present in the bark, stem, flower and seeds. The tree’s extracts are numerous and can be extracted by Gas Chromatography - Mass Chromatography (GC-MC), High Performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC) and Soxhlet. The study shows us these extracts have many medicinal properties and abilities that can be used to treat different diseases in all the functioning systems of the body. The future study of herbal plants is crucial to improve medicinal care so that botanical plants can be used extensively in ayurvedic, homeopathy and natural-based medicine.
Effect of Substrates on Growth and Nutritional Composition of Oyster Mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus)
Authors: Rahman Mohammad Azizur , Rahman Tawhidur , Shamim Shahyeb , Jahan Kakon Akter , Ahmed Ferdaus
Published: August 2022

Mushrooms have been utilized as food and supplements since the dawn of mankind. They're becoming more well recognized as one of the most important food components because to their important functions in human health, nutrition, and disease. If waste isn't managed, it can cause environmental concerns, but it can be beneficial if it's used as a growing media supplement for oyster mushroom production. The goal of this research is to look into and evaluate the impact of sawdust, rice straw, and paper, as well as their mixtures, on the yield and nutritional composition of Pleurotus ostreatus mushrooms.The results revealed that different substrates formulas gave a significant difference in total colonization period, characteristics of fruiting bodies, yield, biological efficiency (BE), nutritional composition of Pleurotus ostreatus (os) mushroom. The highest length and diameter of stock, highest diameter and thickness of pileus was observed in the treartment SD+RS+PAPER(3.32,1.24,7.32,0.88cm) and the lowest was observed in paper (2.1,0.89,5.73,0.71 cm). The highest time from inoculation to primordia initiation was observed in paper (47 days) and the lowest time from inoculation to primordia initiation was in the treatment rice straw (26 days). The highest average number of fruiting body/packet was observed in the treatment saw dust + rice straw + paper (23.00) and the lowest average number of fruiting body /packet was in the treatment paper(15.00).The highest biological yield was counted under treatment SD+RS+PAPER(253.41g) and the lowest biological yield was counted under paper (177.5g). The content of protein varied from 12.88-9.03% (w/w). The lowest lipid percentage was counted under treatment saw dust + rice straw(3.38%) and the highest lipid percentage was counted under saw dust (7.71 %). The highest percentage of crude fiber was counted under treatment SD+RS+PAPER (10.48%) and the lowest crude fiber percentage was counted under RS+SD (7.01%). The lowest percentage of carbohydrate was counted under treatment SD (51.82%) and the highest carbohydrate percentage was counted under SD+RS (56.63%). The lowest percentage of moisture was counted under treatment SD+RS (8.86%) and the highest moisture percentage was counted under RS (11.2%). The highest percentage of ash was counted under treatment SD+RS (13.5%) and the lowest ash percentage was counted under RS (9.1%).Therefore, it can be concluded that sawdust+rice straw+paper can be utilized as a better substrate for the cultivation of Pleurotus ostreatus oyster mushrooms, lowering costs while enhancing yield and nutritional quality. Keywords: Biological yield, economic yield, mushroom, mycology, nutrition, rice straw, saw dust.
At udforske leg i skolen i et økologisk perspektiv
Authors: Skovbjerg Helle Marie , Jørgensen Hanne Hede , Sand Anne-Lene
Published: August 2022

Med afsæt i et design-based research projekt og længerevarende observationer af børns leg i skolen udvikler denne artikel begrebet om legeorden og et økologisk forståelsesperspektiv, der ser samspil, sammenhæng og helhedsorientering som centrale værdier for blikket på leg i skolen. Gennem konkrete empiriske nedslag viser artiklen, hvordan leg i skolen etableres og vedligeholdes,og hvordan skolens samspil er med leg. Med afsæt i eksisterende forskning forholder artiklen sig kritisk over for tendensen til at tildele leg en sekundær betydning i skolen eller anvende leg som et middel til læring. Artiklen sættes i forbindelse med eksisterende legeteori, men adskiller sig samtidig ved at videreudvikle begrebet om legeorden gennem empirisk arbejde, der gør det muligt at se  helhedsorienteret på, hvordan leg i skolen kan sammentænkes. I takt med at pædagoger arbejder i skolen og i undervisning, og SFO varetager indskolingsopgaver, understreger artiklens forfattere, at leg skal tildeles en anerkendelsesværdig plads i praksis og teori.
Part A: Advances in tools and techniques for estimating biogas production and treatment in anaerobic-based STPs Technical Note 1 - Topics of interest
Authors: Santos Juliana Mattos Bohrer , Souza Cláudio Leite de , Brandt Emanuel Manfred Freire , Possetti Gustavo Rafael Collere , Chernicharo Carlos Augusto de Lemos
Published: August 2022

The management of biogas in sewage treatment plants (STPs) with anaerobic reactors is still a challenge in Brazil. Problems related to odor, corrosion, occupational risks, energy losses, and even to greenhouse effect, are still a reality. The problems related to the energetic use of biogas from UASB reactors are mainly associated with the presence of hydrogen sulfide (H2 S) and humidity, as well as fugitive biogas emissions, which make it difficult to accurately estimate biogas production. In this sense, this Technical Note (TN) aims at addressing the main aspects related to biogas production estimate and biogas treatment in STPs with UASB reactors. This contribution derives from the experience of experts and professionals of the academic and water utility sectors, as well as from the specialized literature. The topics of interest are summarized in this TN, the first of this collection, “Valoration and management of gaseous by-products of sewage treatment. Part A: Advances in tools and techniques for estimating biogas production and treatment in anaerobic-based STPs”, being individually detailed in the following Technical Notes that integrate the collection.
Part A: Advances in tools and techniques for estimating biogas production and treatment in anaerobic-based STPs
Technical Note 3 - Biogas desulfurization by microaeration in UASB reactors
Authors: Santos André Bezerra dos , Silva Marcos Erick Rodrigues da , Firmino Paulo Igor Milen , Cabral Carolina Bayer Gomes , Souza Cláudio Leite de , Santos Juliana Mattos Bohrer
Published: August 2022

The generation of hydrogen sulfide (H2 S) is a typical problem in anaerobic sewage treatment systems, such as UASB reactors. High concentrations of H2 S in biogas are undesirable, as they reduce its quality, cause corrosionofreinforced concrete and steel structures, compromise the energy recovery units, generate odour emissions that are noticeable at low concentrations (0.47 ppbv e 100 ppbv ), can be toxic to humans and generate sulfur dioxide emissions during combustion. Therefore, it is necessary to propose and consolidate technologies, especially those simplified and of low-cost, that allow the use of biogas energy, avoiding or reducing the formation and/or emission of sulfide, such as microaeration. In view of the gaps in the literature on the application of microaeration to UASB reactors and biogas holders, this technical note addressed the following points of interest: (i) applicability and limitations of the technique; (ii) fundamentals of the process; (iii) design criteria; and (iv) operation and maintenance.
Part A: Advances in tools and techniques for estimating biogas
production and treatment in anaerobic-based STPs
Technical Note 4 - Biogas desulfurization by adsorption on low-cost adsorbents
Authors: Santos Juliana Mattos Bohrer , Brandt Emanuel Manfred Freire , Chernicharo Carlos Augusto de Lemos
Published: August 2022

Among the existing biogas treatment techniques, adsorption onto activated carbon (AC), in filter columns, has been the mostly used. However, when the reality of the Brazilian STPs is considered, the cost of AC becomes a limiting factor. In this sense, recent studies that evaluated low-cost alternative adsorbents have highlighted the great potential for its use as an alternative to AC or in a pre-treatment unit, with the goal of extending the lifetime of the AC filters. Therefore, this technical note seeks to contribute to the knowledge of the H2 S removal process by adsorption, covering the following main points of interest: (i) applicability and limitations; (ii) fundamentals of the process; (iii) project criteria and parameters; and (iv) aspects related to operation and maintenance.
Part A: Advances in tools and techniques for estimating biogas production and treatment in anaerobic-based STPs
Technical Note 5 - Direct combustion of biogas in burners
Authors: Kaminski Giovana , Possetti Gustavo Rafael Collere , Mannich Michael , Silva Felipe Owczarzak de Mello e , Rietow Julio Cezar , Aisse Miguel Mansur , Pujatti José Fabrício
Published: August 2022

The direct combustion of biogas in burners must be carried out whenever its energy recovery is not technically or economically feasible. Even in STPs that have biogas energy recovery systems, the burners are indispensable (necessary) and must be activated temporarily when there is an excess of biogas production or stops in the systems that process it. The biogas combustion reduces minimizes methane emissions to the atmosphere, contributing to the management of greenhouse gas emissions, in addition to reducing emissions of odorous and corrosive gases, especially hydrogen sulfide. Burners are, therefore, essential to reduce environmental and social impacts inherent to biogas emissions and are even essential for the safety of the STPs infrastructure and the occupational health of operators. In that context, this Technical Note (TN) aims to present the technical elements associated with the direct combustion of biogas in burners, reporting: (i) fundamentals about biogas burning; (ii) types and main characteristics of burners available on the market; (iii) methods for determining burner efficiency; and (iv) criteria for the installation and operation of burners in STPs.
Part B: Advances in gas emission control techniques for anaerobic-based STPs
Technical Note 2 - Desorption chamber for removal dissolved hydrogen sulfide and methane in effluents from anaerobic reactors
Authors: Souza Cláudio Leite de , Santo Belinazir Costa Espírito , Brandt Emanuel Manfred Freire , Santos Juliana Mattos Bohrer , Chernicharo Carlos Augusto de Lemos
Published: August 2022

The presence of dissolved gases in effluents from anaerobic reactors leads to problems of odors and corrosion (associated with hydrogen sulfide - H2 S), as well as emissions of greenhouse gases (associated with methane - CH4 ). In this context, the desorption chamber (DC) is used as a simple and low-cost unit to control these emissions. The DC basically works by means of sewage in downflow and air in upflow, with oxidation of the dissolved gases and transfer of them to the gas phase. Thus, the waste gas produced must have adequate management and final destination. Removal efficiencies can be close to or greater than 80%. This technical note detailly presents the operation and application of DCs.
Part B: Advances in gas emission control techniques for anaerobic-based STPs
Technical Note 4 – Recovery of dissolved methane in effluents from anaerobic reactors by means of membrane contactors
Authors: Mora Erick Javier Centeno , Fonseca Paula Rafaela Silva , Brandt Emanuel Manfred Freire , Chernicharo Carlos Augusto de Lemos
Published: August 2022

In the anaerobic sewage treatment, it is estimated that 30 to 40% of the total methane (CH4 ) produced is dissolved in the liquid phase, being partially released to the atmosphere if control measures are not used. Different technologies have been explored in the literature for the removal of dissolved methane (D-CH4 ), as detailed in this collection of technical notes. This technical note aims to present the most actual elements related to the use of membrane contactors (MCs) in the desorption and recovery of D-CH4 from anaerobic effluents. It is discussed: (i) The technical applicability of this process in relation to the characteristics of sewage treatment plants (STP) - advantages, disadvantages, efficiency, implementation costs, logistical requirements; (ii) the fundamentals of MC operation; (iii) the main design criteria; (iv) common operating problems; and (v) a case study. This technical note intends to spark the discussion about the potential of using MCs in the recovery of D-CH4 from anaerobic effluents.
Part B: Advances in gas emission control techniques for anaerobic-based STPs
Technical Note 5 – Biofiltration systems for waste gas treatment
Authors: Brandt Emanuel Manfred Freire , Souza Cláudio Leite de , Mora Erick Javier Centeno , Santos Juliana Mattos Bohrer , Chernicharo Carlos Augusto de Lemos
Published: August 2022

Nos efluentes de reatores anaeróbios estão presentes gases produzidos durante o processo de tratamento (e.g. CH4 and H2 S). The techniques for controlling the emissions of the gases presented in this collection of Technical Notes (TNs) are based on the principle of desorption of the dissolved gases in effluent, through their transfer to the gaseous phase. The resulting gas, called waste gas, must be properly managed, for example, by means of its destruction/oxidation in biofilters or biotrickling filters. These biofiltration techniques can also be used to treat the waste gas generated in confined areas for odor and corrosion control in the sewage treatment plants (STPs). In this sense, the present TN seeks to contribute to the knowledge of the H2 S and CH4 treatment process through biofiltration. The necessary conditions for the biofiltration of H2 S and CH4 are quite different, reaching H2 S removal efficiencies between 90% and 100% for detention times between 1 and 2 min, and CH4 removal efficiencies between 70% and 100% for much longer detention times, between 20 and 30 min, considering the use of sequential bioreactor systems.
Part B: Advances in gas emission control techniques for anaerobic-based STPs
Technical Note 7 – Greenhouse gases emissions and compensations
Authors: Bianchetti Fábio José , Brandt Emanuel Manfred Freire , Santos Henrique Alves , Chernicharo Carlos Augusto de Lemos
Published: August 2022

By making it possible to maintain terrestrial temperature at habitable levels, greenhouse gases (GHG) have reached levels of concentration never seen before. Although carbon dioxide (CO2 ) emissions from the decomposition of organic matter are considered neutral, sewage treatment by means of anaerobic process stands out for producing methane (CH4 ), an important GHG included in the carbon footprint concept. Thus, the proper management of gaseous emissions, whether through control and treatment, or through the use of biogas energy, consists of an important mechanism to mitigate, compensate or avoid GHG emissions. To make it easier to estimate the carbon footprint and the recovery energy potential, this technical note (TN) presents an electronic tool that includes the gaseous emissions control techniques addressed in this collection of TN. In view of these arguments, this TN aimed at discussing several topics of interest inherent to GHG and compensations under the context of anaerobic sewage treatment.
Imperialismo y orientalismo en Madama Butterfly de Giacomo Puccini
Authors:   Universidad de Cádiz (España), Piñeiro Blanca Joaquín
Published: August 2022

The main objective of this work is to analyze the opera Madama Butterfly, by Giacomo Puccini, from three aspects: its critical discourse with European and American imperialism in Asia, its contribution to the orientalist recreations that emerged from colonialism and the creative singularities of this work within of the Italian verista current. The libretto and the score will be the basic sources of study, together with the critical bibliographic apparatus.
Recorrido histórico-cultural por el casco urbano de Arucas
Authors:   Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria (España), Díaz Hernández Ramón , Hernández Padrón Álicia ,   Archivo Municipal de Arucas (España)
Published: August 2022

We try to offer the reader the possibility of making a quick and self-guided visit to the most significant of the historical-artistic complex of the city. It is an unconventional itinerary, limited to the knowledge of some buildings of great aesthetic and architectural value, fixing our gaze on the trace of the past linked to the importance of the use of stone in construction elements, water and its uses; culture and gardens in the relationship of people with nature and leisure.
Inventario y transcripción parcial de uno de los copiadores de cartas de la compañía «Ventoso» (Puerto de la Cruz) entre los años 1827 y 1859
Authors:   Universidad de La Laguna (España), García Pulido Daniel
Published: August 2022

Review, selection and transcription of part of the trading correspondence of the firm Ventoso, suscribed almost entirely by Francisco Gervasio Ventoso Romero (1797-1856). Through the reading of the letters we make an interesting approach to the existing trading practice on the first half of the XIXth century in the Canary Islands as well to the human and business network linked to the economical field in the Archipelago, Peninsula, England and Cuba.
Keçi Sütüne Eklenen Farklı Süt Türlerinin Belirlenmesi İçin PCR Yöntemlerinin Karşılaştırılması
Authors: TUNCAY Rabia Mehtap , SANCAK Yakup Can
Published: August 2022

Amaç: Bu çalışma, keçi sütüne karıştırılmış inek ve koyun sütünün tespiti için multipleks konvansiyonel PCR ve Real Time PCR yöntemlerinden hangisinin daha uygun olduğunun belirlenmesi amavıyla yapılmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntem: Bu amaçla Van ilindeki çiftliklerden keçi, inek ve koyun sütünden birer litre süt temin edilmiştir. Keçi sütüne aynı oranlarda inek sütü ve koyun sütü (%1, %2, %5, %0.1 ve %0.5) ilave edilerek PCR deneyleri yapılmıştır. Bu denemelerde mültipleks konvansiyonel ve Real Time PCR kullanıldı. Bulgular: İnek ve koyun sütü denemelerinde keçi sütüne ilave edilen %1, %2 ve %5 inek ve koyun sütünün varlığının multipleks konvansiyonel PCR yöntemi ile belirlenebileceği ortaya konmuştur. Ancak %0.5 oranında eklenen süt karışımlarının jel görüntüsünün pozitifliğinin belirsiz olduğu ve %0.1 oranındaki karışımların tespit edilemediği görülmüştür. Real Time PCR yönteminde ise tüm karışımlarda inek ve koyun sütü varlığı tespit edildi ve pozitif grafikler belirlendi. Sonuç: Bu sonuçlar, Real Time PCR yönteminin, ticari olarak satılan keçi sütü ile %0,1 inek veya koyun sütü karıştırıldığında bile daha güvenilir sonuçlar verdiğini gösterdi.
Bilecik İlinde Yapılan Geleneksel ve Tamamlayıcı Tıp Uygulamalarında Karşılaşılabilecek Risk ve Tehlikelerin İş Sağlığı ve Güvenliği Açısından Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: ERÇİN Evrim , KESKİN Merve
Published: August 2022

Geleneksel ve Tamamlayıcı Tıp uygulamaları geçmişten günümüze gelişen bir kültür birikimi olarak bütüncül yapı biçimine kavuşarak modern tıp bilimi yanında yer almıştır. Bu tedavi yöntemlerinin yüz yıllardır dünya da halen tercih edilme sebebi, hastalığın nedenlerini araştırırken elde edilen bulguların yanında kişilerin yaşam biçimleri ve ruhsal durumlarını da gözlemlemesidir. Türkiye’de Geleneksel ve Tamamlayıcı Tıp uygulamaları tedaviyi desteklemek amacıyla kullanılmaktadır. Çalışılan her alanda olduğu gibi Geleneksel ve Tamamlayıcı Tıp Uygulamalarında da İş Sağlığı ve Güvenliği yönünden tehlike ve riskler mevcuttur. Geleneksel ve Tamamlayıcı Tıp uygulamaları sertifikalı doktor, diş hekimi ve doktor gözetiminde sertifikalı sağlık personeli tarafından yapılmaktadır. Sağlık alanındaki İş Sağlığı ve Güvenliği risklerinden olan biyolojik, fiziksel, kimyasal ve ergonomik risk etmenleri Geleneksel ve Tamamlayıcı Tıp uygulamalarında da karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Bilecik ilinde Mezoterapi, Proloterapi, Akupuntur ve Kupa uygulamaları (Hacamat) geleneksel tedavi yöntemleri uygulanmaktadır. Bu uygulamalarda invaziv girişimler olduğu için en sık rastlanan risk etmeni kesici ve delici alet yaralanmaları olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Bu iş kazalarının önlenmesi için kişisel koruyucu donanımlar başta olmak üzere çeşitli önlemler alınması gerekmektedir.
Determination of Fatty Acid Profiles in Seed, Fruit and Fruit Peel Parts of the Laurel (Laurus Nobilis L.) by GC-FID
Authors: ŞENTÜRK Mustafa , MISIRLI Duygu , SOY Merve , ELMASTAŞ Mahfuz
Published: August 2022

The fixed oil of Laurus nobilis fruit is used as a fragrance, spice, and tea in the field of food today; and it is used in medicine with its various effects such as antifungal, antioxidant and antimicrobial. While obtaining Laurus nobilis fixed oil, it is presumed that different parts of the plant and the methods to be used in oil extraction will change the oil yield and the pharmaceutical effect of the oil. Therefore, in this study, three different parts of Laurus nobilis which are fruit, fruit seed and fruit peel were extracted by cold pressed and Soxhlet methods and their fatty acid profiles were analyzed by GC-FID. The results show that the highest concentration of fatty acids belong to the laurel fruit extracted by soxhlet method consisting of 50.71% saturated fatty acids. The laurel peel extracted by cold pressed method follows it containing unsaturated fatty acids with a rate of 49.78%. Then the laurel seed extracted by soxhlet method follows it consisting of 40.40% saturated fatty acids. In this study, the effect of different extraction methods on the fatty acid ratios in the fruit, fruit seed and fruit peel parts of laurel was examined.
O criador, a criação e a identificação da imagem
Authors:   Universidade de São Paulo e Universidade de Lisboa – CIAUD, São Paulo, Brasil, Sílvia Barros de Held Maria , Alberto de Assunção Alho Carlos ,   Universidade de Lisboa - Lisboa, Portugal
Published: August 2022

Even with constant movements, in an attempt to update themselves, the images sufer and will always undergo changes performing their multiple roles and functions and, although, despite being in constant mutation, they will remain, as a structure (with the most diverse non-verbal codes of communication), since they serve as a touchstone for the timeless construction of collective memory. Here are refections on how to put unknown code into perspective. This is not the aim, but the meaning of the creator in the social body. Concepts are "connected" around the image or even an idea that is shared with others. It is the attractive force, in most cases managed by empathy, by the recognition of the codes used, which will legitimize (and at the same time relativize) the producer's participation in the social dynamics. Thus, the reconnaissance journey becomes longer, although it continues unequivocally. What can happen is that the recognition of the codes used is becoming more subtle. The main method of analysis used is the deductive one. This study deals with a relativization of concepts in the search for the previously established concept, in a personal (and perhaps eternal) attempt to constantly reorganize concepts.
As ferramentas de branding como um importante recurso para as marcas de moda durante a pandemia de Sars Covid 19
Authors:   Universidade da Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal, Nepomuceno Gisele , Moura Catarina ,   Universidade da Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal, Oliveira Fernando ,   Universidade Europeia, Lisboa, Portugal
Published: August 2022

This article aims to analyze how fashion brands used branding tools in their communication and how these strategies were important resources during the confnement periods of the pandemic, in order to maintain their connec-tion with consumers and/or attract new customers. for the brand. Through a literature review, it is possible to observe the infuence of social networks in strengthening the emotional bond between the consumer and the brand, even though its physical point of sale was closed during the frst confnement. Thus, it is possible to understand how a well-constructed communication can bring positive results and loyalty to a fashion brand even in periods of fnancial instability.
Um olhar sobre a leitura rítmica : estratégias de ensino-aprendizagem
Authors:   Instituto Politécnico de Castelo Branco, Pinto Ana , Correia Castilho Luisa ,   Instituto Politécnico de Castelo Branco/ CESEM, Portugal
Published: August 2022

The current investigation focuses on the usage of diferent strategies and learning styles in Music Teaching, by attendance or at a distance, throughout the COVID pandemic. The main question stems from the low rhythmic reading skills verifed in the classroom context, answered by a researchaction. Firstly, the question of if an individual learning style boosts the appearance of blockages to the development of rhythmic reading skills and in which way the implementation of teaching-learning strategies could be a resource to fght such adversities was posed. The following were used as tools for data collection: refexions in pedagogical practice, questionnaires, learning style tests and oral evaluations before and after the implementation of the selected strategies. The adopted strategies led to a fruitful development of the rhythmic reading skills of the students in the studied sample, in which those same skills had been conditioned by individual learning styles.