bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Understanding the factors influencing biosecurity adoption on smallholder poultry farms in Ghana: a qualitative analysis using the COM-B model and Theoretical Domains Framework
Authors: Buckel Anica , Afakye Kofi , Koka Eric , Price Cortney , Kabali Emmanuel , Caudell Mark A.
Published: July 2024

Introduction

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) poses a significant global threat to public, animal, and environmental health, consequently producing downstream economic impacts. While top-down approaches to addressing AMR (e.g., laws regulating antimicrobial use) are common in high-income countries, limited enforcement capacities in low- and middle-income countries highlight the need for more bottom-up approaches. Within agriculture, efforts to apply bottom-up approaches to AMR have often focused on the promotion of biosecurity, which should reduce the need for antimicrobials by mitigating disease risk and limiting AMR transmission. Traditionally, efforts to encourage biosecurity adoption have emphasized training and awareness-raising initiatives. However, a growing body of research suggests a disconnect between knowledge and behavior, highlighting the existence of a knowledge–action gap.

Method

To understand the barriers and enablers patterning the knowledge-action gap in on-farm biosecurity uptake, we draw upon models from behavioral science. We analyzed in-depth interviews and two focus group discussions with smallholder poultry producers in Ghana to understand factors underlying the intention–action gap in adopting biosecurity. As an analytical framework, we draw upon the Theoretical Domains Framework in combination with the Capability-Opportunity-Motivation Behavioral Model.

Results and discussion

While smallholder poultry farmers in Ghana were aware of the importance of biosecurity practices, they struggled with consistent implementation. Financial constraints, challenges in adapting practices to the local context, and limited resources hindered adoption. Additionally, cognitive biases like prioritizing short-term gains and underestimating disease risks played a role. However, some farmers found motivation in professional identity and social influences. These findings highlight the need for designing biosecurity interventions that consider human behavioral factors and the context in which behavior occurs. This underscores the importance of collaboration across disciplines, including veterinary science and the social and behavioral sciences. Implications and recommendations for researchers and practitioners are discussed.
The impact of cavaletti height on dogs’ walking speed and its implications for ground reaction forces
Authors: Blake Cara A. , Looney Andrea L. , Merrill Tracie D.
Published: July 2024

Objective

The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of cavaletti pole height on temporospatial (TPS) and ground reaction force (GRF) variables as compared to a walking gait in healthy dogs.

Animals

A total of 25 client-owned dogs were included in this study.

Procedures

This study used client-owned dogs to explore the effects of cavaletti pole height on TPS and GRF variables. Dogs were first walked over a validated pressure-sensitive walkway (PSW) and then walked over the PSW over which six cavaletti poles were set. Cavaletti pole height was initially set at 2 inches and then increased incrementally to 4 inches, 6 inches, and 8 inches. TPS and GRF variables were obtained for all dogs walking across a PSW without cavaletti poles and at each cavaletti height. TPS variables were then compared to those obtained at a normal walking gait.

Results

Increasing cavaletti height resulted in significant decreases in walking gait velocity and the number of gait cycles per minute. Conversely, significant increases in gait cycle duration (duration of one complete cycle of gait, which includes the time from the initial contact of one paw to the subsequent contact of the same paw) and gait time (duration to walk the total distance on the PSW) were noted. Increases in stance time, normalized maximum force, and normalized vertical impulse were observed.

Conclusion and clinical relevance

Cavaletti height does influence TPS variables in healthy dogs at a walking gait. The effects were most notable with regard to velocity. Due to the lack of consistent velocity for all cavaletti heights, no conclusions can be drawn regarding the effect of cavaletti height on ground reaction forces. Further investigation is needed to elucidate whether it is the velocity, cavaletti height, or combination of both that impacts ground reaction force variables. When selecting cavaletti pole heights for a therapeutic exercise program, an increase in cavaletti height results in a slower walking gait.
Elimination patterns of dimetridazole in egg of laying hens and tissues of broiler after oral administration
Authors: Mo Kaibin , Wei Chaoqun , Bai Mingyang , Long Xiangyang , Liu Xuezhen , Ding Huanzhong
Published: July 2024

Dimetridazole (DMZ) is a broad-spectrum anti-anaerobic and antiprotozoal drug extensively used for the control of blackhead disease in poultry (especially turkeys). The presence of DMZ and its metabolites in animal food poses potential risks to human health. In this study, we developed a high-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC/MS-MS) method for the precise detection of DMZ and its metabolite 2-hydroxymethyl-1-methyl-5-nitroimidazole (HMMNI). Our results demonstrate a strong linear relationship (r2 > 0.99) between the concentrations of DMZ and HMMNI in tissues and egg within the range of 1~100 ng/g. The limits of detection (LOD) were determined to be 0.5 ng/g, with corresponding limits of quantification (LOQ) at 1.0 ng/g. Furthermore, average recoveries in tissues and egg fell within the range of 84.90% to 103.01%, with coefficients of variation below 15% for both intra-day and inter-day analyses. To investigate the residue elimination pattern of DMZ and HMMNI, diets containing 500 mg/kg DMZ were fed to healthy SanHuang chicken and Hy-line Gray laying hens for 10 consecutive days. The results indicated that the concentration of HMMNI consistently exceeded that of DMZ during the same period, in both broiler tissues and egg. Sebum showed the slowest elimination of DMZ and HMMNI, becoming undetectable after 168 h of withdrawal. In egg, residues of both substances peaked on the first day after drug withdrawal, followed by slow elimination with half-lives of 0.45 days for DMZ and 0.66 days for HMMNI. Based on these findings, WT1.4 software was used to calculate a withdrawal time of 11 days for broilers and an egg abandonment period of 14 days after withdrawal for laying hens, providing a scientific basis for the safe and rational use of DMZ in poultry farming.
The Investigation of Dimensional, Form and Orientation Accuracy of Polymer Gears Prepared by Additive Manufacturing
Authors: Egyed-Faluvégi Erzsébet , Gál Károly , Farmos Rudolf-László , Kántor József , Gergely Attila
Published: July 2024

Among the additive manufacturing techniques Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) is a widely used process, due to its rapid development in the recent years, and its consequent drop in price. 3D printing has multiple process parameters, which affect the dimensional, form, and orientation accuracy, and thus the usability of the final product. In this work the effects of layer thickness, printing speed, and infill on the dimensional and geometric deviations were studied with a 3 factor Box-Behnken experimental design. The measured deviations were within the tolerance range specified by the standards. Based on this, it can be stated that 3D printing is a promising gear manufacturing technology for light and medium load applications.
Gear Hob Base Worm Modelling from a Straight Toothed Generating Rack
Authors: Hodgyai Norbert , Drăgoi Mircea Viorel , Máté Márton
Published: July 2024

The precision of a gear realized by hobbing is mainly influenced by the precision of the base worm, the adequate form of the rake face and the number of resharpenings. Gearing theory states that the base worm of a gear hob must be of involute type. Despite of this, manufacturing technology often admits a convolute worm as gear hob base worm. Due to the rake face grinding technology, there appears a difference between the theoretical and the real surface. On the other hand, the profile modification of the cutting edges occurs due to the re-sharpening. As a result, the cutting edges cannot reproduce that initial basic worm surface from which the gear hob was derived. In our opinion, the computing of the generating surfaces of the basic worm is still an unsolved problem. This paper deals with the study of a worm derived from a straight toothed generating rack. The incidence of an involute worm and that developed from the generating rack is investigated.
Building Geometry Survey by Using Ultra-Wideband (UWB) Wireless Technology and Algorithm-Based BIM Modelling
Authors: Máder Patrik , Rák Olivér , Bakai Nándor
Published: July 2024

The efficiency and degree of maturity of the architectural survey determine the construction process in many ways. From the economic and technical point of view, it is significant. It can be found in almost all activities and, depending on the technology used, it provides different qualities and quantities of initial data and information to prepare and support, among other things, the design, demolition, and construction work processes. The objective of the research and development project and this article is to investigate and demonstrate the application of a novel solution that differs from the conventional building survey tools, methods, and procedures of the information. It breaks with traditional methods by implementing wireless (using Ultra-Wideband (UWB) technology) spatial positioning and algorithm-based post-processing methods, as well as Building Information Modelling (BIM).
Fire Extinguishing of Lithium-Ion Batteries
Authors: Trabelsi Omar , Kovács Tünde Anna
Published: July 2024

The spread of electric cars means the ever-wider spread of batteries. The use of lithium-ion batteries carries many dangers. The biggest danger is the possible explosion of the battery. Firefighting is not easy due to the properties of lithium. In recent years, there have been many fires caused by lithium-ion batteries. Firefighters use different methods, but their development is of utmost importance to ensure the safe use of electric vehicles. In this study, the authors try to draw attention to the dangers and present practical firefighting options.
Hőre lágyuló polimerek fröccsöntési üregnyomásának mérésére alkalmas berendezés tervezése
Authors: Keresztes Kristóf , Gergely Attila Levente
Published: July 2024

A dolgozat célja egy eszköz létrehozása, amely lehetővé teszi az üregnyomás mérését műanyag fröccsöntés közben. A tervezett berendezés a Sapientia EMTE Marosvásárhelyi Karának polimertechnológiai laboratóriuma eszközkészletét hivatott bővíteni. A tervezés során a fő hangsúly az egyszerű felhasználhatóságot biztosító kivitelezésre esett. A berendezés két erőmérő cellával, két HX711 erősítővel, egy ESP32-alapú mikrovezérlővel, illetve az ezekhez tartozó számítógépes felhasználói felülettel lett megvalósítva. A felhasználói felület a National Instruments LabVIEW programjával lett elkészítve, majd egy különálló alkalmazásként véglegesítve. A tervezési lépések során figyelem fordult a berendezés gyakorlati alkalmazhatóságára is.
Ultra-sávszélességű (UWB) vezeték nélküli technológiával végzett épületfelmérés és algoritmussal támogatott épületmodellezés
Authors: Máder Patrik , Rák Olivér , Bakai Nándor
Published: July 2024

Az építészeti felmérés hatékonyságának és korszerűségének mértéke több szempontból is meghatározza az építőipari folyamatokat. Gazdasági és műszaki oldalról megközelítve is kijelenthető, hogy nagy jelentőséggel bír. Szinte minden tevékenységben megtalálható, és technológiájától függően különféle minőségű, mennyiségű kiindulási adatot és információt szolgáltat többek között a tervezési, bontási, kivitelezési munkafolyamatok előkészítéséhez, támogatásához. A kutatásfejlesztési program és a cikk célja olyan újszerű megoldás alkalmazásának vizsgálata és bemutatása, amely eltér a szokványos épületfelmérések eszközeitől, módszereitől és az előállított információk feldolgozási módjától. Szakítva a hagyományos eljárásokkal, vezetéknélküli (ultra-sávszélességű, azaz UWB-technológiát alkalmazva) térbeli pozicionálást és algoritmusokkal támogatott utófeldolgozást, valamint építményinformációs modellezést (BIM) valósít meg.
Koszinusz-fogaskerékpár profileltolásának hatásai
Authors: Máté Márton , Gál Károly-István
Published: July 2024

A koszinusz-fogaskerekek a fogaskerékhajtások egyik speciális típusát képviselik, ahol a generáló elméleti lécprofilt koszinuszfüggvénnyel írjuk le. A témához kapcsolódó kutatások eredményei azt mutatják, hogy a koszinusz-fogaskerékpár esetében kisebb a relatív csúszás, mint az evolvens fogaskerekeknél, továbbá a terhelés alatt ébredő nyomó- és hajlítófeszültségek is kisebbek lesznek. A koszinuszhajtópár fő előnye a fogtő láthatóan nagyobb merevségében rejlik: ez csökkentheti a fogaskerekek kopását, és növelheti az élettartamukat, különösen nagy terhelésű és nagy sebességű alkalmazásokban. Az evolvens profilú fogaskerekekkel szemben a koszinusz-fogaskerekek esetében kis fogszám esetén nem jelenik meg alámetszés. Jelen közleményben a koszinuszhajtópár fogprofiljának léccel való származtatását hoztuk létre, majd a kialakított kerekek kapcsolódását vizsgáltuk, elemi, illetve kompenzált fogazatokon. A kapcsolódás matematikai modelljét Mathcad környezetben vizsgáltuk, és kimutattuk, hogy ez eltér a hagyományos evolvens fogaskerekekétől. Autodesk-Autocad környezetben létrehoztuk a fogaskerékpárok modelljeit, majd ezeket vizsgáltuk.
A lítium-ion akkumulátorok tűzoltása
Authors: Trabelsi Omar , Kovács Tünde Anna
Published: July 2024

Az elektromos autók elterjedése az akkumulátorok egyre szélesebb körű elterjedését jelenti. A lítium-ion akkumulátorok használata számos veszélyt rejt magában. A legnagyobb veszélyt az akkumulátor esetleges felrobbanása jelenti. A tűzoltás a lítium tulajdonságai miatt nem egyszerű. Az elmúlt években sok lítium-ion akkumulátor okozta tűzesettel találkoztunk. A tűzoltók különböző módszereket alkalmaznak, de ezek fejlesztése kiemelten fontos az elektromos járművek biztonságos használata miatt. A szerzők ebben a tanulmányban a veszélyekre próbálják felhívni a figyelmet, és gyakorlati tűzoltási lehetőségeket mutatnak be.
Sytuacja języka polskiego na Litwie: analiza litewskiego dyskursu medialnego
Authors: Gudavičienė Eglė
Published: July 2024

The aim of this article is to identify thematic contexts in which the Polish language is discussed in Lithuanian online news portals and to analyse how the situation of teaching, learning, and using the Polish language is presented in the media in terms of the rights of language users. The article overviews the status of the Polish language in Lithuania on the basis of analysis of Lithuanian information portals. For this purpose, the three most popular Internet portals were selected: delfi.lt, lrt.lt, and 15min.lt. Media articles were extracted using the Google Chrome Web Scraper tool. Seventy-two articles from the years 2019-2023 were chosen for the study. The articles covered topics such as the results of students’ education in national minority schools, the level of Lithuanian language proficiency in minority schools, the teaching of Polish as a foreign language, public signs in Polish, and court cases concerning the use of the Polish language. During the selected period, the media articles primarily focused on the Polish language in the context of education and legislation, disregarding discussions related to Polish culture
.Keywords: Polish language – Lithuanian media – discourse analysis.
Stosunek Polaków litewskich do zapisu nazw osobowych w postaci oryginalnej
Authors: Geben Kinga , Titaniec Elżbieta Julita
Published: July 2024

The article aims at analysing the attitudes and motivations of a group of 100 Lithuanian Poles, mainly from culturally homogeneous Polish families, regarding the evaluaƟtion of the spelling and the changes in the spelling of personal names. The quantitative study is based on the analysis of an awareness questionnaire conducted among Lithuanian Poles aged 34–70. This article not only outlines the existing legal framework on this issue, but also explains the dominant attitudes of the Polish minority towards the prospect of transcribing the surnames and first names of Lithuanian national minoriƟ es according to the original phonetic sound, albeit without the inclusion of diacritical marks. The analysis of the questionnaires showed that 57% of the respondents expressed their willingness to take advantage of the opportunities offered by the proposed legislative changes, while 25% were against the changes. Among the motivations for change, the desire to preserve and cultivate the Polish language dominated. This article contributes to a deeper understanding of the dynamics of identity change in multi cultural societies with respect to attitudes towards language issues.
Keywords: spelling of names and surnames – Polish minority – Lithuania – language policy.
O kilku formalnie podobnych wyrazach w mowie Polaków zamieszkałych w obwodzie lwowskim
Authors: Kostecka-Sadowa Anna
Published: July 2024

The article aims at presenting and discussing several similar words with different meanings in Polish dialects, yet commonly known and used by Polish speakers in the South-Eastern Borderlands. Dictionary research and extensive material documentation show that the words hurba, hurma, ujma are well embedded in the vocabulary resources of respondents who use southern Polish in the South-Eastern Borderlands on a daily basis. Centuries of Polish–Ukrainian contacts have influenced a number of linguistic processes. Direct contacts among the bilingual population enabled a gradual, mutual, usually relatively unconscious acquisition of various linguistic features (including dialectal ones), especially when it comes to vocabulary.
Keywords: Polish language in the South-Eastern Borderlands – etymology – lexical borrowings.
New Design Criteria for Long, Large-Diameter Bored Piles in Near-Shore Interbedded Geomaterials: Insights from Static and Dynamic Test Analysis
Authors: Elsakhawy Nagwa , Ibrahim Eslam , Elzahaby Khalid M. , Nabil Marwa
Published: July 2024

This paper presents an analysis of long, large-diameter bored piles’ behavior under static and dynamic load tests for a megaproject located in El Alamein, on the northern shoreline of Egypt. Site investigations depict an abundance of limestone fragments and weak argillaceous limestone interlaid with gravelly, silty sands and silty, gravelly clay layers. These layers are classified as intermediate geomaterials, IGMs, and soil layers. The project consists of high-rise buildings founded on long bored piles of 1200 mm and 800 mm in diameter. Forty-four (44) static and dynamic compression load tests were performed in this study. During the pile testing, it was recognized that the pile load–settlement behavior is very conservative. Settlement did not exceed 1.6% of the pile diameter at twice the design load. This indicates that the available design manual does not provide reasonable parameters for IGM layers. The study was performed to investigate the efficiency of different approaches for determining the design load of bored piles in IGMs. These approaches are statistical, predictions from static pile load tests, numerical, and dynamic wave analysis via a case pile wave analysis program, CAPWAP, a method that calculates friction stresses along the pile shaft. The predicted ultimate capacities range from 5.5 to 10.0 times the pile design capacity. Settlement analysis indicates that the large-diameter pile behaves as a friction pile. The dynamic pile load test results were calibrated relative to the static pile load test. The dynamic load test could be used to validate the pile capacity. Settlement from the dynamic load test has been shown to be about 25% higher than that from the static load test. This can be attributed to the possible development of high pore water pressure in cohesive IGMs. The case study analysis and the parametric study indicate that AASHTO LRFD is conservative in estimating skin friction, tip, and load test resistance factors in IGMs. A new load–settlement response equation for 600 mm to 2000 mm diameter piles and new recommendations for resistance factors φqp, φqs, and φload were proposed to be 0.65, 0.70, and 0.80, respectively.
Groundwater Vulnerability Assessment—Case Study: Tirana–Ishmi Aquifer, Albania
Authors: Dindi Elsa , Shehu Ardian , Dindi Ana
Published: July 2024

This paper discusses the groundwater vulnerability to pollution assessment for the Tirana–Ishmi alluvium aquifer, Albania. Economic activities, municipal wastewater discharged into rivers and groundwater overexploitation threaten to pollute the groundwater. Based on the aquifer characteristics and the available data, SINTACS was selected as the most realistic assessment model. The SINTACS parameters’ rates assigned to the aquifer’s characteristics (water table depth, infiltration, unsaturated zone, soil media, aquifer media, hydraulic conductivity, topography) were adapted to the local features, followed by GIS vulnerability mapping. Statistical analysis indicates that the unsaturated zone, hydraulic conductivity and aquifer media have the highest influence on groundwater vulnerability, whereas topography has the lowest influence. Validation through sensitivity analysis and nitrates content confirms the rational selection of the SINTACS model and the reliability of the study’s outputs. The most vulnerable areas to pollution are the recharge zones, followed by the highly urbanized Tirana City area, characterized by high levels of groundwater extraction rate and wastewater discharged into the rivers. The paper, being the first completed groundwater vulnerability assessment of the study area, could serve as a basis for a scientific–based groundwater management that should be considered in local territory planning.
Oxidation and Flammability Tests for Grape (Vitis vinifera L.) Seed Oil
Authors: Șolea Liviu Cătălin , Crețu Romică
Published: July 2024

In this work, studies were performed on oxidative stability by determining the transmittance spectra, the components and trichomatic coordinates, and the color differences for grape seed oils (GSO) subjected to a forced oxidation treatment at temperatures of 100 °C and 120 °C, for 4, 8 and 10 h. For this purpose, a constant airflow of 30 L/min was used. GSO was also subjected to flammability tests on a heated cylindrical surface to determine the lowest temperature at which this oil ignites, correlated with the highest temperature at which the oil does not ignite. According to the results, these temperatures are 475 °C and 470 °C, respectively. At these temperatures, the tested oils were darker in color than the reference oil, with the L* parameter having lower values (91.53 and 89.56, respectively). In addition, the correlation coefficients between the evaluated parameters were significant (p ≤ 0.05).
Automatic Defect Detection Instrument for Spherical Surfaces of Optical Elements
Authors: Shi Yali , Zhang Mei , Li Mingwei
Published: July 2024

In order to realize automatic surface defect detection for large aperture precision spherical optical elements, an automatic surface defect detection instrument has been designed. The instrument consists of a microscopic imaging system, illumination system, motion scanning system, and a software algorithm system. Firstly, a multi-angle channel illumination source and a coaxial illumination source were designed. Bright and dark field images of surface defects were captured by cooperating with an automatic zoom microscope. Then, algorithms for scanning trajectory planning, image stitching, and intelligent defect recognition were designed to achieve full-aperture surface image acquisition and defect quantification detection. The automated defect detection process of the instrument is summarized and introduced. Finally, the experimental platform was constructed, which can work well for the optical elements with a maximum diameter of 400 mm and a relative aperture R/D value of 1. It takes about 15 min to detect an optical element with a diameter of 200 mm in dark-field imaging mode. As a result, the minimum line width of scratch detectable is 2 μm and the minimum diameter of pitting detectable is 4 μm. Clearly, the instrument can realize the automatic detection of surface defects of spherical optical elements, and has the advantages of a high efficiency, stability, reliability, quantification, and data traceability.
R. Shmuel Mohiliver and R. Yitzhak Yaakov Reines: Two Types of Religious Zionism
Authors: Schwartz Dov
Published: July 2024

A typology presents ideal concrete types, and probing their personality and character enables the creation of general patterns. The study of the personality thus grants access to the depth of an idea not only in abstract terms but also in its function as a guide to, and a source of, an ethos. Furthermore, the personality construct plays a significant role in the understanding of historical processes because many events are ascribed or tied to the centrality of a specific individual. The study of typology is especially linked to Eduard Spranger (1882–1963), who claimed that ideal types convey conscious structures. In his view, we can impart significance to actions and behaviors only in relation to the agent’s set of values. In his writings, Spranger presented six ideal types. What is the meaning of a typology when discussing a movement such as religious Zionism? In this article, I attempt to trace an ideological portrait of two types that, in my estimate, created through their personality and their endeavor the ideological pattern that has accompanied religious Zionism and the religious-Zionist idea throughout this movement’s existence. I set up these two thinkers and entrepreneurs as pure types, even though no such types exist in reality. I present the pure types as founded on dominant features although, again, well aware that there are no pure features in the concrete world. Besides describing the characteristic features of the two types, I will argue that the interaction between the patterns they established facilitates understanding of several historical events. These patterns at times continue one another but, mainly, they confront one another. To illustrate their course, I will relate to two historical episodes where these personality patterns come forth, one that took place a few years after R. Reines’ death and the other about fifty years later or more, whose implications are felt up to this day.
A Character of Righteous Integrity in Light of God’s Reign: The Spirituality of Jesus According to Matthew
Authors: Stack Judith
Published: July 2024

This essay examines Matthew’s depiction of both the spirituality demonstrated by Jesus’ actions and words (his own spirituality) and the spirituality he preaches (prescribes/expects of others). Key Matthean themes interweave in this topic. Jesus’ own spirituality and that which he expects of his followers are shaped most profoundly by the apocalyptic expectation of the imminent Reign of God. All practices and attitudes must be aligned with this coming reality. Because of this, the key mark of a true disciple or righteous person is integrity—the congruence of one’s inner character and outer actions, of one’s professed commitments and one’s behaviors. In this, Jesus is the paragon of integrity: everything he does is in alignment with the character of the coming Reign and God’s will. His actions are always a manifestation of his inner character as God’s son and messianic agent within God’s emerging Reign. Those who, like Jesus, manifest a character that is aligned with the realities of the coming age are called righteous and, at the judgment, are allowed to experience God’s Reign. Their attitudes and behaviors have shown that their inner character is in alignment with the character of the Reign of God. By contrast, the scribes and Pharisees are continually upbraided for their hypocrisy and warned that this will cause them to be barred from the Reign. Thus, the spirituality of Jesus in Matthew can be summed up as “spiritual integrity” (which is “righteousness”) shaped by the character of the imminent Reign of God. Jesus exemplifies this and calls his followers to demonstrate their character with integrity as well.
Plastic surgery minor procedure room: a cost-effective way to operate
Authors: Sacks Brett , Gu Xinchen , Shoukath Sajna , Mann Nigel C
Published: July 2024

Introduction: Surgery using local anaesthetic without sedation outside of a formal operating theatre is particularly applicable to plastic surgery. This paper reviews the benefits and pitfalls of a minor procedure room as a novel solution to tackling the emergency and elective surgery caseload in a tertiary metropolitan plastic surgery unit. Methods: From February 2022 until February 2023 local anaesthetic only procedures were undertaken in a minor procedure room. Patients included ranged from 18 to 88 years of age. Outcomes included complications and procedure failure requiring repeat procedure in an operating theatre. Estimated cost savings were calculated according to staff wages and do not account for consumables. Estimated duration of minor procedure room operation was one hour per case. Results: Overall, 350 patients (285 male, 65 female) underwent local anaesthetic only procedures in the minor procedure room. The mean age of patients was 42. There were 309 hand/upper limb cases, 31 general plastic surgery cases, two skin cancer excisions and eight lower limb cases. There were no complications and no procedure failures. The average cost saved per procedure is estimated to be AU$486 with an average reduction of 44 theatre sessions per year. Conclusion: A minor procedure room for local anaesthetic only surgery can generate significant cost and time savings for a hospital when implemented and managed appropriately. This model has been successful in our institution and can likely be replicated in other centres.
Indian Crop Insurance Schemes: Gender Performance Analysis
Authors: Rudramuni P B , Venkatesh S
Published: July 2024

Crop insurance schemes are pivotal in mitigating agricultural risks, especially in rural economies like India. However, the gender dimension of participation in these schemes remains largely overlooked. This research paper delves into the gender disparities in participation rates, coverage, and benefits accrued from Indian crop insurance schemes, using six years of data from the Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bima Yojana website. The researcher employed few descriptive statistics like mean, Standard Deviation (SD), coefficient of variation (CV), and Skewness for data analysis purpose. Besides Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) has been used to determine the growth rate of farmers’ participation. The analysis reveals significant gender gaps in participation, with male farmers constituting a higher percentage of participants than their female counterparts across the Kharif ( In India, the Kharif season is when the monsoon crops are grown and harvested throughout the harvesting season of India, typically from June to October )and Rabi (Rabi season is when crops are usually sown in the middle of November and harvested in April or May) seasons. While male participation was declining, female participation remained relatively stable but at lower levels. Gender-disaggregated participation highlighted challenges faced by gender-minority farmers (Here Gender Minority farmers used for Transgender Farmers). Practical suggestions include gender-sensitive outreach programs, tailored policy interventions, and improvements in accessibility for female farmers. This research contributes to the discourse on gender equality in agriculture, providing insights for policymakers and practitioners aiming to design inclusive agricultural policies and programs. Addressing these disparities can lead to greater gender equality, enhancing the sustainability and resilience of agrarian economies like India.
Revolutionizing Industry 4.0: The Influence of 5G Technology
Authors: Prasad S.
Published: July 2024

Over centuries, manufacturing has undergone a remarkable transformation, progressing from handcrafted items to the period of steam and water-powered devices, then advancing through mass production and electronic automation. Now, it stands on the threshold of Industry 4.0, where manufacturing systems transcend mere connectivity to communicate, analyse data, and act intelligently. This paradigm shift integrates various technologies including Internet of Things, analytics, robots, advanced materials, additive manufacturing, artificial intelligence, and augmented reality. This study explores the technological advancements that fueled the industrial revolution’s expansion as well as its historical history. The research looks at how the anticipated characteristics of 5G technologies would affect upcoming sectors and bring in the era of Industry 4.0. The Factories of the Future are greatly aided by 5G, which provides a unified communication platform necessary to upend established business models and get beyond the constraints of current communication technology.
The Role of Micro Finance in Empowering Women
Authors: Leebana Gracy I , Radhika Devi R
Published: July 2024

The paper aims to emphasize the importance of microfinance in empowering women. The research involves a descriptive design. Numerous developmental initiatives and schemes are put into action. There are microfinance programs that are focused on rural areas and women who are economically disadvantaged in society and aimed at those who are on the fringes of society. Microfinance is a potent tool that is efficient and impactful the empowerment of women. Women empowerment faces a significant amount of obstacles financial situation, lack of education, without skills, joblessness, limited availability of land, housing, and transportation electricity and choosing as a family. It is seen as one of the most successful ways to reduce poverty instruments. Microfinance services are seen as a way to start or a means to enable empowerment females. Members of MFIs play a larger role in saving and contributing. Generating income decision making within the household, and engaging in activities outside the household sector.Despite numerous poverty alleviation programs being initiated; only microfinance has proven effective. Programs are typically associated with impoverished and women from rural areas. Microfinance is considered as one of the most effective solutions for addressing financial needs. Promote self-employment, particularly among impoverished women in rural areas. It offers assistance to individuals those without any assets to use as security for the loans. Women who have the ability to access able to foster entrepreneurship among individuals who previously had limited access to traditional financial services empowered economically and socially by earning more money from small projects and overall well-being of individuals in developing countries community initiatives and support groups promoting the empowerment and self-value of women. Microfinance becomes catalyst for societal transformation and the empowerment of women.
The Profile of Young Diverse Learners in Academic Background: A Scoping Review based on Social Intelligence
Authors: Panneerselvam G
Published: July 2024

An essential element in a learner’s educational development is social intelligence. It gives us the ability to know ourselves and others, and is as essential an aspect of experience as the ability to perceive things. The main focus of this review study is social intelligence in relation to the academic background and personal identity (diversity or social identity) of young and diverse learners. This review focuses on the social intelligence of learners; their behavior patterns, gender, socio-economic status, parental profile, socio-economic status, and their ethnic background and especially the social intelligence of learners with disabilities. This allows educators to help learners with social intelligence disadvantages develop healthy interactions with their peers. Even though many studies have been conducted on the social intelligence of learners with various personal identities, but this study uniquely supports the social intelligence of young learners with emphasis on demographic characteristics. Overall, strategies for maintaining healthy social intelligence can be developed to meet the individual needs of learners. This strategy also addresses the identified issues, taking into account the different needs of the learners. This study result will reveals a crisp and concept clarity on the basis of social intelligence of young learners, induces the young community to pass over their schooling with sound knowledge with the assistance of authorities.
Mathematical Inscriptions on Copper Plates in Tamil Nadu: A Study of Numerical Notations, Calculation Methods, and Economic Implications
Authors: Kavitha R , Durga V , Deepthi Sharma A
Published: July 2024

Mathematical inscriptions on copper plates found in Tamil Nadu provide valuable insights into thenumerical notations, calculation methods, and economic activities of ancient South India. This researchpaper aims to analyze and interpret these inscriptions to understand the mathematical techniques employed by ancient Tamil societies for accounting, taxation, land measurement, and trade. By examining the content and context of mathematical inscriptions on copper plates, this study seeks to illuminate the mathematical literacy, computational skills, and economic sophistication of ancient Tamil Nadu. Additionally, the paper will explore the implications of these findings for our broader understanding of mathematical history, economic development, and cultural exchange in ancient South India.
Phytochemical Analysis and Evaluation of Antifungal Properties of Eucalyptus Oil against Candida Species
Authors: Nagappan Devika , Sivaraj Madhavan , Periyasamy Sivamani , Kamalanathan Ashok , Gnanavel Balasubramanian , Chinnappan Baskaran
Published: July 2024

This study aimed to investigate the phytochemical composition of eucalyptus oil and evaluate its antifungal properties against Candida species. Qualitative phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of various compounds, including carbohydrates, flavonoids, phenols, proteins, quinones, saponins, and tannins. Flavonoids were found to have the highest concentration, followed by tannins and polyphenols. GC-MS analysis identified several compounds in eucalyptus oil, including 2,3-Diamino-2-cyanosuccinonitrile as a major component. Antifungal assays demonstrated that eucalyptus oil inhibited the growth of Candida albigans, Candida tropicalis and Candida kefyr, with varying degrees of inhibition depending on the concentration used. The antifungal activity may be attributed to the presence of bioactive compounds such as 1-Butyne, 3-methyl-, 1-Hexen-4-ol, 1-chloro-3-methyl, N-(Methylphenylamino) methyl) benzamide. Further studies are required to explore the specific role and potential benefits of the identified compounds in eucalyptus oil and to evaluate the effectiveness of eucalyptus oil as an antifungal agent in clinical settings.
Impact of Self-Efficacy and Work Discipline on Employee Performance in Sociopreneur Initiatives
Authors: Lestari Sri , Watini Sri , Rose Dhiyah Eloise
Published: July 2024

Understanding the determinants of employee performance is crucial for achieving organizational success. This study investigates how self-efficacy and work discipline affect employee performance at Panti Sasana Tresna Werdha RIA Pembangunan. Using a full sample of 50 employees, the research employed various analytical techniques, including tests for validity, reliability, normality, multicollinearity, and heteroscedasticity, as well as multiple linear regression, correlation analysis, F tests, and T-tests. The T-test results indicated that both self-efficacy (t-count 2.056 > t-table 2.012, p < 0.05) and work discipline (t-count 4.868 > t-table 2.012, p < 0.05) have significant positive effects on employee performance. The multiple correlation analysis demonstrated a strong positive relationship between self-efficacy, work discipline, and employee performance (correlation coefficient 0.844). The coefficient of determination (R²) was 0.713, showing that these two factors account for 71.3% of the variance in employee performance, with the remaining 28.7% attributed to other variables not included in this study, such as work motivation, compensation, work environment, and leadership. \textbf{These findings indicate} that boosting self-efficacy and reinforcing work discipline are essential for enhancing employee performance. Therefore, organizations should invest in comprehensive training and development programs to cultivate these qualities and maintain high performance levels among their staff.
СОЦИАЛИСТ-ФЕДЕРАЛИСТСКАЯ РЕВОЛЮЦИОННАЯ ПАРТИЯ ГРУЗИИ В 1906–1914 ГОДАХ
Authors: Мамулиа Г.
Published: July 2024

В статье рассматриваются этапы развития Социалист-федералистской партии Грузии на отрезке между Первой российской революцией 1905-1907 гг. и началом Первой мировой войны. Показана борьба партии за национальное освобождение Грузии из-под власти царского режима.
РОЖДЕНИЕ СОВЕТСКОГО ГОСУДАРСТВА В ОЦЕНКАХ МАССОВОГО КРЕСТЬЯНСКОГО СОЗНАНИЯ
Authors: Сухова О.А.
Published: July 2024

В статье на материалах Поволжья исследуются политико-правовые представления крестьянства на этапе 1917 - первой половине 19120-х годов. Показано отражение этих представлений на отношении крестьян к советской власти. Автор приходит к выводу о незавершенности процесса легитимизации советской власти в крестьянской среде вплоть до конца 1920-х годов.
НЕКОММУНИСТИЧЕСКИЕ ПОЛИТИЧЕСКИЕ И ОБЩЕСТВЕННЫЕ ОБЪЕДИНЕНИЯ МОЛОДЕЖИ В 1917 – ПЕРВОЙ ПОЛОВИНЕ 1920-х гг.
Authors: Рыбаков Р.В.
Published: July 2024

В статье рассматриваются организационные и идейные принципы некоммунистических молодежных организаций, действовавших в советской России в 1917 - первой половине 1920-х гг., степень их влияния и взаимоотношение с Коммунистическим союзом молодежи.
ПРОБЛЕМЫ РАЗВИТИЯ КРЕСТЬЯНСКОГО ХОЗЯЙСТВА ЗАПАДНОЙ СИБИРИ В МЕСТНЫХ КОМИТЕТАХ О НУЖДАХ СЕЛЬСКОХОЗЯЙСТВЕННОЙ ПРОМЫШЛЕННОСТИ: ВЗГЛЯДЫ ЛИБЕРАЛЬНОГО ЧИНОВНИЧЕСТВА (1902–1903 гг.)
Authors: Овчаренко О.Н.
Published: July 2024

Автором освещаются позиции либерально настроенного чиновничества Западной Сибири по вопросам развития крестьянского хозяйства региона в рамках их обсуждения в местных комитетах Особого совещания о нуждах сельскохозяйственной промышленности.
ВНУТРЕННИЙ ЭМИГРАНТ (ЛИТЕРАТУРОВЕД А.В. ХРАБРОВИЦКИЙ И ПЕНЗЕНСКОЕ КРАЕВЕДЕНИЕ)
Authors: Мурашов Д.Ю.
Published: July 2024

В статье освещается пензенский период жизни известного советского литературоведа Александра Вениаминовича Храбровицкого.
ОБЛИК РЕГИОНАЛЬНОГО СТУДЕНЧЕСТВА КОНЦА XX ВЕКА (ПО МАТЕРИАЛАМ ЮЖНОГО УРАЛА)
Authors: Локтева М.Н.
Published: July 2024

В статье показаны изменения, происходившие в студенческом сообществе Южно-Уральского региона в 1990-е годы.
БОЙ ПОД САНДЕПУ. (ПРИЛОЖЕНИЕ КО 2-МУ ТОМУ ОТЧЕТА ГЕНЕРАЛ-АДЪЮТАНТА КУРОПАТКИНА)
Authors: Малкова Н.М.
Published: July 2024

Публикация главы из приложения ко второму тому Отчета генерал-адъютанта А.Н. Куропаткина, освещающей одно из решающих сражений Русско-японской войны - заключительный день боев под Сандепу 15 января 1905 г.
ПЕРВАЯ МИРОВАЯ ВОЙНА В ОТЕЧЕСТВЕННОЙ АРХЕОГРАФИИ МЕЖВОЕННОГО ПЕРИОДА (1918 – НАЧАЛО 1940-Х ГГ.)
Authors: Шашкова О.А.
Published: July 2024

Освещается организация в СССР в межвоенный период публикаций документов и материалов по истории Первой мировой войны. Оценены результаты и показаны проблемы, препятствующие этой работе. Затронуты вопросы историографии археографической деятельности и методики публикации источников в рассматриваемый период.
ОРГАНИЗАЦИЯ СНАБЖЕНИЯ РУССКОЙ АРМИИ ВООРУЖЕНИЕМ И БОЕПРИПАСАМИ В ГОДЫ ПЕРВОЙ МИРОВОЙ ВОЙНЫ
Authors: Сенин А.С.
Published: July 2024

Рассмотрены проблемы производства и обеспечения русской армии вооружением и боеприпасами в годы Первой мировой войны, а также усилия правительства по перестройке промышленности на выполнение заказов военного ведомства.
ПРАВИТЕЛЬСТВЕННАЯ ПРОГРАММА ПОСЛЕВОЕННОГО РАЗВИТИЯ РОССИИ И ПЕРВЫЕ ШАГИ ПО ЕЕ РЕАЛИЗАЦИИ (ПО ДОКУМЕНТАМ ИЗ АРХИВНОЙ КОЛЛЕКЦИИ ПРОФ. И.Х. ОЗЕРОВА)
Authors: Лебедев В.Д.
Published: July 2024

Освещаются подходы к стабилизации экономики и послевоенному экономическому развитию России, разрабатываемые в рамках созданной в 1916 г. Особой финансово-экономической комиссии.
СОЦИАЛЬНЫЕ НАСТРОЕНИЯ И МАССОВОЕ СОЦИАЛЬНОЕ ПОВЕДЕНИЕ ПРОВИНЦИАЛЬНОГО ОБЩЕСТВА В ГОДЫ ПЕРВОЙ МИРОВОЙ ВОЙНЫ
Authors: Сухова О.А.
Published: July 2024

Проанализированы изменения содержания социальных представлений и стратегий поведения населения российской провинции в условиях Первой мировой войны. Сделан вывод, что девиантные формы поведения, и, прежде всего, погромные проявления, стали в условиях углубления социокультурного кризиса привычным способом решения проблем повседневности, приобрели характер самостоятельно действующего фактора, определяющего, в числе прочих, ход исторического процесса.
ПЕРВАЯ МИРОВАЯ ВОЙНА И ФОРМИРОВАНИЕ МИРОВОЗЗРЕНИЯ РУССКИХ ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛОВ КОНСЕРВАТИВНОГО НАПРАВЛЕНИЯ XX ВЕКА (НА МАТЕРИАЛАХ ТВОРЧЕСТВА И.А. ИЛЬИНА)
Authors: Гольцов В.И.
Published: July 2024

Показано влияние Первой мировой войны на мировоззрение русского мыслителя И.А. Ильина. Проанализирован его своеобразный культурный консерватизм в годы войны. На основе критики мыслителем деспотических, тоталитарных государств сделан вывод о западном типе его консерватизма и о спекулятивности попыток изобразить мировоззрение Ильина в виде банального охранительства и жесткого этатизма.
НЕМЕЦКИЙ ВОПРОС В САМАРСКОЙ ГУБЕРНИИ В ГОДЫ ПЕРВОЙ МИРОВОЙ ВОЙНЫ
Authors: Фролова К.В.
Published: July 2024

Автор исследует тенденции во взаимоотношениях русских подданных немецкого происхождения с властью и обществом Самарской губернии, проявившиеся с началом Первой мировой войны. Автором выявлены истоки антинемецких настроений, а также показано отношение немцев к изменениям общественного мнения по отношению к ним.
БЛАГОТВОРИТЕЛЬНОСТЬ И МИЛОСЕРДИЕ В КАЗАНИ В ГОДЫ ПЕРВОЙ МИРОВОЙ ВОЙНЫ (1914–1917)
Authors: Федотова О.В.
Published: July 2024

Автором показан вклад и основные направления деятельности общественных сил Казани по оказанию помощи пострадавшим людям в годы Первой мировой войны.
ПЕРЕВОДЫ ШКОЛЬНИКОВ В УЧЕБНЫЕ ЗАВЕДЕНИЯ САМАРЫ ВСЛЕДСТВИЕ СОБЫТИЙ ПЕРВОЙ МИРОВОЙ ВОЙНЫ
Authors: Артамонова Л.М.
Published: July 2024

Автор исследует вопрос перевода учащихся в учебные заведения Самары как следствие военной ситуации.
ЭПИЗОДЫ ПЕРВОЙ МИРОВОЙ ВОЙНЫ (ИЗ РУКОПИСИ НАДВОРНОГО СОВЕТНИКА Ф.С. ГОНЧАРОВА)
Authors: Цветков В.Ж.
Published: July 2024

Публикация извлечения из воспоминаний инженера путей сообщения надворного советника Ф.С. Гончарова о событиях Первой мировой войны.
РАЗВИТИЕ КООПЕРАТИВНОГО ДВИЖЕНИЯ В ДОРЕВОЛЮЦИОННОЙ РОССИИ: ИСТОРИОГРАФИЯ ВОПРОСА
Authors: Безгина О.А.
Published: July 2024

Дается историографический анализ развития кооперативного движения в дореволюционной России. Выделены этапы и характерные черты историографии отечественного кооперативного движения.
ПОЛИТИКА И КАДРЫ (НА ОПЫТЕ САМАРСКОГО ГУБЕРНСКОГО СОВНАРХОЗА В 1918-1922 ГГ.)
Authors: Морозов В.Ю.
Published: July 2024

На примере Самарского губернского совета народного хозяйства рассматривается политика подбора кадров для органов управления промышленностью в период 19181922 годов в контексте идейно-политических представлений власти.
КРЕСТЬЯНСКИЕ НАСТРОЕНИЯ 1920-Х ГОДОВ ЧЕРЕЗ ПРИЗМУ ОТНОШЕНИЯ К МЕЖДУНАРОДНЫМ СОБЫТИЯМ (ПО МАТЕРИАЛАМ ИНФОРМАЦИОННЫХ СВОДОК ОРЛОВСКОГО ГПУ)
Authors: Ченская Т.В.
Published: July 2024

Через восприятие Орловским крестьянством международных событий показано изменение его настроений и отношения к советской власти в 1920-е годы в сторону усиления недовольства и враждебности.
СОБСТВЕННОСТЬ РЕЛИГИОЗНЫХ ОБЩИН И ЕЕ ТРАНСФОРМАЦИЯ В СОВЕТСКИЙ ПЕРИОД (НА ПРИМЕРЕ МУСУЛЬМАНСКИХ ОБЩИН УРАЛА)
Authors: Хакимов Р.Ш.
Published: July 2024

На материалах уральского региона прослеживается политика советского государства в отношении собственности мусульманских религиозных общин. Выявлен дискриминационный характер этой политики, направленной на подрыв экономической основы существования религии.