bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PEMBERIAN KONSENTRASI PUPUK ORGANIK CAIR DAN PUPUK KANDANG KAMBING TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN DAN HASIL TANAMAN LABU MADU (Cucurbita moschata)
Authors: Riyadi Sapto , Priyono Priyono , Triyono Kharis
Published: August 2022

Penelitiani  iinii  iberjuduli  iPengaruhi  iPemberiani  iKonsentrasii  iPupuki  iOrganiki  iCairi  iDani  iPupuki  iKandangi  iKambingi  iTerhadapi  iPertumbuhani  iDani  iHasili  iTanamani  iLabui  iMadui  i(Cucurbitai  imoschata),i  ibertujuani  iuntuki  imengetahuii  iinteraksii  ipemberiani  ikonsentrasii  ipupuki  iorganiki  icairi  inasai  idani  ipupuki  ikandangi  ikambingi  iterhadapi  ipertumbuhani  idani  ihasili  itanamani  ilabui  imadui  i(Cucurbitai  imoschata),i  idilaksanakani  imulaii  ibulani  iMeii  i2021i  isampaii  ibulani  iAgustusi  i2021,i  idii  iDusuni  iBulu,i  iDesai  iNgromo,i  iKecamatani  iNawangan,i  iKabupateni  iPacitani  idengani  iketinggiani  itempati  i1000i  imi  idiatasi  ipermukaani  ilauti  idani  ijenisi  itanahnyai  ilatosol.i  iPenelitiani  iinii  imenggunakani  imetodei  iRancangani  iAcaki  iLengkapi  i(RAL)i  iyangi  idisusuni  isecarai  ifaktoriali  iyangi  iterdirii  idarii  i16i  iperlakuani  iyangi  imasingi  i–i  imasingi  iperlakuani  idiulangi  isebanyaki  i3i  ikali.i  iPupuki  iyangi  idigunakani  iyaitui  ipupuki  icairi  inasai  idani  ipupuki  ikandangi  ikambing.i  iDatai  ihasili  ipenelitiani  iinii  idianalisisi  idengani  iujii  iDUNCANi  ipadai  itarafi  i5%i  i.i  iParameteri  i–i  iparameteri  iyangi  idiamatii  imeliputii  ipanjangi  itanaman,i  ijumlahi  idaun,i  ilebari  idaun,i  ijumlahi  isulur,i  isaati  iberbunga,i  iberati  ibuah,i  ilingkari  ibuah,i  ipanjangi  ibuahi  i,i  ijumlahi  ibuahi  iperi  itanaman.i  iHasili  ipenelitiani  imenunjukkani  ibahwai  i:i  iPupuki  ioganiki  icairi  inasai  itidaki  imemberikani  ipengauhi  inyatai  iterhadapi  isemuai  ipengamatan.i  iPupuki  ikandangi  ikambingi  imemberikani  ii  ipengaruhi  inyatai  iterhadapi  itinggii  itanaman,i  ijumlahi  idaun,i  ilebari  idaun,i  ijumlahi  isulur,i  isaati  iberbunga,i  iberati  ibuah,i  ipanjangi  ibuah,i  ilingkari  ibuah.i  iInteraksii  iantarai  ipupuki  iorganiki  icairi  inasai  i(N)i  idani  ipupuki  ikandangi  ikambingi  i(K)i  itidaki  imemberikani  ipengaruhi  iyangi  inyatai  ipadai  isemuai  iparameter.i  iPupuki  ikandangi  ikambingi  i(K3)i  imemberikani  ipanjangi  itanamani  itertinggii  iyaitui  i158,13i  icm,i  ijumlahi  idauni  i12i  ihelai,i  ilebari  idauni  i17,06i  icm,i  ijumlahi  isuluri  i10i  ihelai,i  isaati  iberbungai  i41i  ihst,i  iberati  ibuahi  i866i  igram,i  ipanjangi  ibuahi  i19,17i  icm,i  idani  ilingkari  ibuahi  i26i  icm.
Correlations between morpho-agronomic characters of soybean supplemented via leaf with micronutrients
Authors: Ferreira Luiz Leonardo , Carvalho Ivan Ricardo , Loro Murilo Vieira , Lautenchleger Francine
Published: August 2022

The use of foliar fertilizers has become the main innovation in the field of plant mineral nutrition. And the use of these micronutrients associated with multivariate tools can contribute to the technical development of agribusiness, especially in soybean. Therefore, the aim of this study was to verify the possible correlations between morpho-agronomic characters of soybean supplemented via leaf with micronutrients. The study was conducted under field conditions in the county of Mineiros, GO, Brazil. The experimental design used was in randomized blocks in a 3x5 factorial scheme corresponding to three soybean genotypes (Anta82, CD2737 and N7902) and five concentrations of leaf supplement, Triplus Anuais® with its guarantees of phosphorus 2%, boron 3.4%, molybdenum 1% and 0.35% nickel. The leaf supplement was applied in a single dose during pre-flowering (0, 300, 600, 900 and 1200 ml ha-1). The highest yield potential was observed in the NS 7209 IPRO genotype at doses of 300 and 600 ml of leaf supplementation via Triplus Anuais. In addition, field adjustments to increase the averages of pods with two grains, grains per plant and mainly pods per plant, can increase the yield of genotypes.
Genetics, phosphorus and correlations in soybean yield
Authors: Ferreira Luiz Leonardo , Carvalho Ivan Ricardo , Loro Murilo Vieira
Published: August 2022

It is essential to select soybean genotypes with high yield and adaptability to the Cerrado Biome, mainly related to the supply of phosphorus. In soybeans, studies on correlations involving their characters with phosphate fertilization are insipient. The objective of this work was to evaluate the phenotypic correlations of soybean under different concentrations of phosphorus, aiming to improve the selection and identification of the most promising characters regarding the possibility of gains in grain yield. The study was conducted in Mineiros, Goiás, Brazil. The experimental design used was in randomized blocks in factorial corresponding to four soybean genotypes in five levels of phosphorus. The soil tillage system was carried out conventionally. The crop treatments relevant to the control of weeds and pests were carried out following the best practices of integrated pest management. At the end of the experiment, the data were submitted to multivariate analysis of variance. The treatments differed, mainly due to the number of grains per plant, where their similars were grouped in clusters. The correlations between the characters were significant and pointed to affinities, in addition to the potential explanation for the yield. It is concluded that genetic factor is largely responsible for the soybean yield indices, however, this was also influenced by the concentrations of triple super phosphate as a phosphate source. And that in order to increase the yield of the soybean crop it is necessary to reduce the stand and plant height, as well as to increase the average of pods with three grains, pods per plant and grains per plant.
The disconnectedness of certain sets defined after uni-variate polynomials
Authors: Kostov Vladimir
Published: August 2022

We consider the set of monic real uni-variate polynomials of a given degree $d$ with non-vanishing coefficients, with given signs of the coefficients and with given quantities $pos$ of their positive and $neg$ of their negative roots (all roots are distinct). For $d\geq 6$ and for signs of the coefficients $(+,-,+,+,\ldots ,+,+,-,+)$, we prove that the set of such polynomials having two positive, $d-4$ negative and two complex conjugate roots, is not connected. For $pos+neg\leq 3$ and for any $d$, we give the exhaustive answer to the question for which signs of the coefficients there exist polynomials with such values of $pos$ and $neg$.
Continuance Intention of Massive Open Online Course Learners in Higher Education: A Sustainable Development Initiative
Authors: Guillen Jr. Nelson B.
Published: August 2022

This study focuses on higher education institutions in Metro Manila, Philippines, with their initiative to use and adopt Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs) by analyzing the continuance intention to use MOOC platforms among students or learners. This recently gained popularity due to emergency remote learning in Metro Manila, the pandemic’s epicenter. This study also aims to understand the transformative impact of MOOC education on traditional and online learning. In addition, the study utilized survey research with 122 MOOC learners via purposive sampling, given the nature and composition of the respondents. The data collected were analyzed using the structural equation modeling-path analysis to substantiate the hypotheses using the extended Technology Acceptance Model. The relationship between attitude to continuance intention and continuance intention to transformative impact was significant. However, perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, and motivation were insignificant. It can be implied from the study the changing values of learners and students during the pandemic. Learning should not be an option but a way of life regardless of the circumstances and complement traditional learning. Finally, the study shows that the integration of MOOCs is the next big thing in global education, an impact on the school’s contribution to sustainable development goals through MOOC coverage by identifying the continuance intention among students and learners.
Numerical Modelling of Urban Built Form Geometry for Maximum Daylight Potential
Authors: Chatterjee Shambhabi , Ghosh Kamalika
Published: August 2022

The main focus of this research is urban development and planning to use maximum solar irradiance for Kolkata region. To develop this building management system, the impact of different urban built form geometry types and its orientation on the daylighting potential has been experimentally observed. The approach and methodology of this study is to highlight that there is uneven distribution of illumination in the interiors of various built forms with different orientations, caused due to overcrowding and shadowing of neighbouring buildings, and to suggest the optimum or desirable layout of built form in an urban fabric. The study is also significant as the city Kolkata falls under tropical climatic condition where the solar irradiance is abundant. The average illuminance has been obtained in different built forms with different orientations on hourly basis from morning to evening for different typologies of urban built form geometries. The results have then been analysed and the findings from the study suggests the appropriate built form typologies and their orientations to get the optimum or desirable illuminance level inside the buildings and hence saving power consumption and thus offering better opportunities in reducing electrical load in those built forms and thus contributing to the future solution for energy crisis.
The Optical Design of a LED-Reflector Module in Road Illumination
Authors: Unlu Duygu Yigit
Published: August 2022

In recent years, there has been a trend towards energy-efficient, long-lasting, environmentally friendly, and technology-compatible LED road luminaires. In this study, the optical design and analysis of the LED road luminaire model for the M1 and M2 illumination classes roads, which are the roads with the highest importance, have been carried out. In the research, the unique reflector design was made using SolidWorks 3D design software. XLamp CXA1520 LED light source by Cree company was preferred during the design. 21 LEDs were placed on the reflector at the ideal distance and LED luminaire model was created in LightTools illumination design software. A simulation study was performed for the LED luminaire model created on LightTools software and the distribution curve of luminous intensity was obtained. At the same time, the EULUMDAT (.ldt) file, which is required for road illumination analysis, was produced with LightTools software. The obtained .ldt file was transferred to DIALux illumination calculation program and simulated for M1 and M2 class roads. Illumination parameters obtained from DIALux analysis have been optimized by comparing them with the road illumination criteria accepted by International Commission on Illumination (CIE). It has been observed that the designed LED luminaire model significantly meets the M1 and M2 class road illumination criteria defined by CIE. In the study, it was also discussed what changes can be made in the optical material to meet all criteria.
Effectiveness Of Moving Objects Detecting And Tracking In Airspace By Images In NearInfrared
Authors: Nebaba Stepan G. , Markov Nikolay G.
Published: August 2022

Objects in nearinfrared (NIR) images can often have different linear scales and shapes than the same objects in optical images for visible spectrum (RedGreenBlue, RGB). Therefore they can require different computer vision methods for detection, tracking, and classification. This paper devoted to the methods by which the problems of moving objects detecting and tracking in NIR images are solved. The main characteristics of moving objects in image sequences are highlighted. Advantages and disadvantages of different methods for detecting and tracking objects in NIR images of airspace are considered and two of the most promising methods classes are selected. Studies have been carried out on the effectiveness of LucasKanade method, which is one of the methods of local optical flow, and the ORB method of scaleinvariant transformation of features when detecting and tracking moving objects in NIR images. In numerical experiments, more than 5000 NIR images containing moving objects of three types were used as well as three combinations of considered methods. It is shown which combination is the most accurate in the tasks of moving objects detection and tracking and can be used for airspace automatic operational control and management based on computer vision systems. Probably, other combinations of methods from the two considered classes also can help to increase accuracy of moving objects detection and tracking in airspace by NIR images.
Artificial Skylight A Novel Photovoltaic Approach For Daylight Harvesting
Authors: Bhattacharjee Shovakar , Roy Kalyan Kumar , Mazumdar Saswati
Published: August 2022

Daylight harvesting is an apparent way of utilizing green energy in modern buildings which leads to sustainable development. In modern days, a huge amount of energy is consumed for lighting applications. So, in this article, we approached a novel photovoltaicbased daylighting system that can replicate the sunlight into an electric light inside a room. In general, this task is dependent on a photovoltaic cell and its maximum power point tracking for maximum energy conversion/extraction (daylight to electricity). So, we have developed a unique algorithm for this task which will lead to a maximum extraction of current based on the daylight condition outside. The MPPT algorithm is controlled by a microcontroller and the output light from the system is proportionate replication of the daylight available outside the room. The microcontroller controls the boost converter duty cycle for maximum power extraction. This article consists of detailed circuit diagrams and algorithm used for this whole system. This system is capable of lighting up a series of LED luminaires from a single photovoltaic cell.
Laboratory Experiment Based Studies On Effect Of Peripheral Source On OnAxis Visual Performance
Authors: Chakraborty Suddhasatwa , Mazumdar Saswati
Published: August 2022

The behavioural relationship among peripheral vision and onaxis vision is a very important parameter required to be investigated thoroughly. In this paper the influence of peripheral vision on onaxis vision has been investigated in a controlled environment. One behavioural experimentbased studies have been carried out to validate the relationship rigidly. In this experiment, the effect of peripheral vision on onaxis performance of a driver in a motorized road is a very important parameter considered. In this simulationbased study a driver simulator is used. There is a peripheral controlled glare source, which has been introduced at offaxis with respect to the line of sight. The glare source contrast (positive and negative) with respect to the background has been changed gradually and all the subjects (drivers) were made occupied with an onaxis task. The detection of peripheral glare source with respect to the onaxis performance of the subjects (drivers) has been recorded as detection time and also the number of misses for identifying the peripheral source.
Effects of Temporal Light Modulation on Working Performance, Subjective Visual Fatigue and Pupillary Light Response at 50 lx
Authors: Zhang Tianchi , Yang Jin , Ji Zhengxin , Nuoyi Li , Xu Wei , Lin Yandan
Published: August 2022

Recent studies revealed that the visual perception of temporal light modulation (TLM), particularly the visibility threshold, were illuminance dependent and subjects exhibited significantly different response at 50 lx. Some novel studies suggested TLM at 50 lx could be particularly useful in terms of promoting alertness and increasing comfort. Therefore, in this study, working performance, subjective visual fatigue and pupillary light response (PLR) were measured under different frequency of TLM at 50 lx to evaluate such phenomenon and its possible application. Results showed that all three parameters measured at 50 lx followed a U-shaped curve with the increasing frequency, instead of the monotonically increasing trend reported in earlier research at relative higher illuminance levels (300–400) lx. Comparing to 100 Hz or 1000 Hz, 300 Hz was the best in terms of visual fatigue (P<0.01) and worst in terms of working performance (P<0.01) while PLR also showed smaller percent change under 316 Hz and 562 Hz (P<0.01). These results supported the hypotheses that at 50 lx illuminance level, the relationship between the effect of TLM and frequency was non-monotonic and was different than the monotonically increasing trend discovered under higher illuminance. Furthermore, such difference not only affects working performance and visual fatigue, but also pupillary light response, which then might affect more physiological outcome. These results could potentially be useful for reducing visual fatigue at scenarios such as operating displays in vehicles or aircrafts at night.
Methodology Of Imaging Photometric Device Using In Museum
Authors: Bartsev Alexei A. , Bartseva Aleksandra A.
Published: August 2022

A method of using a digital imaging luminance meters (ILMD) for noncontact measurement of the illumination distribution over the surface of paintings is proposed. These measurements require a digital imaging luminance meters, an auxiliary diffuse reflection screen, and a ILMD software. The estimation of uncertainty of proposed method is fulfilled.
Scaling Of Visual Tasks Sensations From Human Centric Lighting Point Of View
Authors: Boos George V. , Budak Vladimir P. , Ilyina Ekaterina I. , Meshkova Tatiana V.
Published: August 2022

Light forms view of the environment and can influence the psychoemotional state in it. Human centric lighting was introduced after the receptor responsible for the effect of illumination on the circadian rhythm, that is, the nonvisual effect of light on the human body, was discovered. To form the concept of human centric lighting requires a holistic approach that takes into account both visual tasks and the psychoemotional state of users in this environment. The degree of discomfort may increase if there are glare light sources in the field of view. Insufficient monotonous illumination with sharp changes in luminance or contrast, which can be estimated using the spatialangular distribution of luminance, can also cause discomfort. The article proposes an experimental approach to assess the quality of illumination in laboratory conditions.
Coagulopathy and hemorrhage management in major abdominal surgery
Authors: Piangatelli Cristiano
Published: August 2022

Whilst some guidelines for hemorrhage management during major abdominal surgery have been written, evaluation of the patient’s basal condition remains the headmost factor. Firstly, an assessment to predict perioperative bleeding should be performed, although its prognostic ability is limited as it relies on the patient’s anamnesis and on standardized tests that can have a low predictive accuracy. Upon hemorrhage, monitoring the therapeutic window between hypovolemia and hypervolemia is of crucial importance. According to the guidelines, both a prompt stabilization of cardiac preload and goal-directed fluid therapy (with either colloids or crystalloids) are advised in case of both hypovolemia and hypervolemia. Plasma transfusion, instead, is discouraged for treatment of elevated (mild to moderate) International normalized ratio (INR), as it was shown to have minimal effects and increase the risk of infection. In summary, to define the weak link in the coagulation cascade and the etiopathogenesis of postoperative bleeding is necessary to rely on all available methodologies, such as standardized tests, Point-of-care tests and goal-directed therapies. This review gives an overview of the many factors that are to be monitored during surgical hemorrhage and a summary of the approaches to manage coagulopathy.
Major obstetric hemorrhage management
Authors: Frigo Maria Grazie
Published: August 2022

Postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) is to this day one of the leading causes of maternal death and its diagnosis is still highly subjective, as it relies on unprecise estimates of the amount of blood loss. There are three areas in which PPH outcomes can be improved: prevention, treatment and rescue. PPH can escalate to a graver clinical picture of Severe Acute Maternal Morbidity (SAMM) due to an inaccurate estimate of the blood loss, inability to identify an at-risk patient, delays in testing and availability of hemoderivatives, and lack of clear guidelines and interdisciplinary communication. Many factors can predispose to PPH and in clinical practice the many causes of its insurgence are summarized with the 4T formula: Tone (uterine atony), Trauma (laceration/hematoma), Tissue (retained tissue/invasive placenta), Thrombin (coagulation). Some precautions can be taken in preventing PPH such as the use of uterotonics, the administration of oxytocin, the timing of umbilical cord clamping, and the monitoring of anemia and the platelet to fibrinogen concentration ratio. In recent years studies have been published with the goal of leading PPH diagnosis and management through universal guidelines, point-of-care  testing and interdisciplinary approaches. The proposed algorithms, albeit not yet validated, are useful in the clinical practice; similarly beneficial is the use of reliable predictive panels such as the Modified Early Obstetric Warning System.
Plasma, platelets and cryoprecipitates therapies
Authors: Agostini Vanessa
Published: August 2022

The present review gives an overview of the components, applications and risks of transfusion therapy. Fresh frozen plasma (FFP) transfusion is a widely used procedure both in a prophylactic and therapeutic context. In both scenarios the method of administration and the dosage are, improperly, the same; it is reported that in the clinical context FFP is inappropriately used in over 50% of cases.  According to different guidelines its only recommended use is in a condition of critical hemorrhage, as there is no evidence of positive outcomes in its prophylactic administration. Platelet concentrates (PCs) are broadly used to support patients with thrombocytopenia, whether it is pre or postoperative, or in intensive care medicine. The only consensus on its use is the prophylactic administration when the patient’s platelet count is lower than 10,000. Another use of PCs can be in reducing side effects and enhancing the effects of specific drugs, although this application is still complex. Cryoprecipitate usage in clinics is decreasing both due to its variable content of factors I, VIII, XIII and von Willebrand, and the amount of time necessary to obtain it. Of great importance in the transfusion therapy framework are the respiratory complications that can occur, such as Transfusion-Associated Cardiac Overload (TACO), Transfusion-Related Acute Lung Injury (TRALI), Transfusion-Associated Dyspnea (TAD) and transfusion-induced sepsis. The suggested procedure when any of these (and other) complications occur is to seek consultation from the transfusion medicine unit.
Hepatocytes infected with hepatitis C virus change immunological features in the liver microenvironment
Authors: Park Soo-Jeung , Hahn Young S.
Published: August 2022

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is remarkably efficient in establishing viral persistence, leading to the development of liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Direct-acting antiviral agents (DAAs) are promising HCV therapies to clear the virus. However, recent reports indicate potential increased risk of HCC development among HCV patients with cirrhosis following DAA therapy. CD8+ T-cells participate in controlling HCV infection. However, in chronic hepatitis C patients, severe CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell dysfunctions have been observed. This suggests that HCV may employ mechanisms to counteract or suppress the host T-cell responses. The primary site of viral replication is within hepatocytes where infection can trigger the expression of costimulatory molecules and the secretion of immunoregulatory cytokines. Numerous studies indicate that HCV infection in hepatocytes impairs antiviral host immunity by modulating the expression of immunoregulatory molecules. Hepatocytes expressing whole HCV proteins upregulate the ligands of programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1), programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1), and transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) synthesis compared to those in hepatocytes in the absence of the HCV genome. Importantly, HCV-infected hepatocytes are capable of inducing regulatory CD4+ T-cells, releasing exosomes displaying TGF-β on exosome surfaces, and generating follicular regulatory T-cells. Recent studies report that the expression profile of exosome microRNAs provides biomarkers of HCV infection and HCV-related chronic liver diseases. A better understanding of the immunoregulatory mechanisms and identification of biomarkers associated with HCV infection will provide insight into designing vaccine against HCV to bypass HCV-induced immune dysregulation and prevent development of HCV-associated chronic liver diseases.
Scientific fundamentals of economic regulation of rational agricultural land use
Authors: Drebot O. , Dobriak D. , Melnyk P.
Published: August 2022

The article has highlighted methodological approaches to the economic regulation of ecologically safe agricultural land use, taking into account the requirements of the state system, regardless of the social system. The understanding of rational land use to achieve ecologically balanced nature use has formulated. The most important methodical approaches to the economic regulation of land use, which are based on conceptual provisions in solving environmental and organizational problems taking into account market transformations, have proposed. This allows us to state that land use contributes to the development of positive ecological processes and is economically expedient. The determining the amount of compensation for losses associated with management on agricultural land of poorer soil quality has substantiated.
Use of spicy aromatic plants in vertical greening
Authors: Demyanyuk O. , Tertychna O. , Kudriashova K. , Parkhomenko M. , Buturlym D.
Published: August 2022

The article presents the advantages of vertical greenery to create urban development and improve the ecological condition of urban areas. The possibility of using spicy-aromatic crops in vertical greenery, which is an effective way of urban farming. The classification of vertical landscaping by types of plant placement is given and it is determined that modular phytowalls are the most suitable type of vertical plant placement according to the morphological features of spicy-aromatic plants. It is noted that additional research is needed on the possibility of growing perennial aromatic plants in light and relatively inexpensive hydroponic panels — Vertical garden system technology, developed by French designer Patrick Blanc. The technology of creation and functioning of spicy-aromatic phytowalls with the help of container and modular systems of vertical landscaping such as Cascade Wall and Pixel Garden PG14 is described. Attention is focused on the importance of the correct selection of the species composition of aromatic plants to create vertical compositions. The morphological and ecological features of the most common spicy-aromatic plants of the Lamiaceae family are characterized, which are the key parameters that determine the suitability of the described plants for use in vertical greenery. To create phytowalls outside and indoors, it is recommended to use rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.), plants of the genus Thymus, Salvia, Mentha, as well as Cymbopogon citratus family Poaceae, Levisticum officinale Koch family Apiaceae and others. Attention is paid to mineral nutrition and protection of spicy-aromatic plants in closed soil conditions. Improvement of vertical landscaping systems and simultaneous search for adaptation of spicy-aromatic plants to the conditions of modular cultivation are relevant research topics for the further spread of this type of landscaping in temperate climates.
Estimation of coarse woody debris stocks in forest ecosystems of «Tsyrkunivskyi forest» and «Dergachivskyi forest» Emerald network objects (Kharkiv region)
Authors: Tymochko I.
Published: August 2022

The estimation of coarse woody debris stocks in forest ecosystems of «Tsyrkunivskyi forest» and «Dergachivskyi forest» Emerald network objects was performed. Estimation was conducted based on State Forest Inventory data of State enterprise «Kharkiv Forest Research Station» forest fund. Data of dead wood in forest stands of eighteen tree species were analyzed. The stock of the following components of coarse woody debris was studied: standing dead wood, fallen dead wood. Data analysis was performed using MS Excel 2016 software. It was found that the total area of forest stands in which standing dead wood was found during forest inventory was 9984.6 ha, or 49.6%, of the total forest area; for fallen dead wood corresponding indicators were 2662.5 ha (13.2%). The total stock of coarse woody debris was 20761 m3, which is concentrated in the stands of pedunculate oak (Quercus robur L.) (75.6%) and Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) (11.1%). Standing dead wood prevailed (80.1%) fallen dead wood (19.9%) in the structure of dead wood volume. Mean volume of standing dead wood by forest type was from 1.3 m3 ·ha–1 (dry maplelinden dibrova) to 33.3 m3 ·ha–1 (wet maple-linden sudibrova), fallen dead wood — from 1.0 m3 ·ha–1 (dry maple-linden dibrova) to 11.5 m3 ·ha–1 (wet maple-linden dibrova). In oak stands mean volume of standing dead wood was 1.4 m3 ·ha–1, fallen dead wood — 1.3 m3 ·ha–1. Obtained results indicate that in general, the dead wood volumes in forest ecosystems in studied Emerald network objects estimated based on State Forest Inventory data, are quite low compared to the forest ecosystems of other protected areas, where one of the priorities are the natural complexes protection and biodiversity conservation. It may be associated with the influence of forestry activities in studied protected areas.
Recreational potential of reserved territories (on the example of the national natural park «Karmeliukovе Podillia»)
Authors: Mudrak O. , Hanchuk M. , Mudrak G. , Serebryakov V. , Khaietskyi H.
Published: August 2022

Given the physical and geographical location, unique biotic and landscape diversity, favorable hydroclimatic conditions and availability of recreational resources, we note the active development of the tourism industry in the single national nature park (NNP) «Karmeliukove Podillia» within the Eastern Podillia region. Tourism here is represented by different areas: excursions, recreation, ethnic, sports, religious, environmental, rural (green) and others. The territory of NNP «Karmeliukove Podillia» has a significant recreational potential, which is expressed in the combination of resources and conditions for its development in various sectors of economic activity. The potential of the park is realized through social needs, which manifest themselves in the form of different types of nature management, depending on resource availability and development conditions, structure and nature of social needs, different types of existing habitats, functional zones and sizes. Therefore, the recreational potential of the functional areas of the park is one of the priorities of its sustainable development. In view of the above, we calculated the recreational potential of NNP «Karmeliukove Podillia». In the analysis of which a tribal rating scale was used, where various factors were assessed as favorable for the development of a particular type of recreation (3 points), relatively favorable (2 points) and unfavorable (1 point). The method of determining the recreational potential of the park was aimed at defining the potential of outdoor recreation using the proposed mathematical formula, which included biotic and landscape diversity, favorable climatic and hydrological conditions, infrastructure development, recreation facilities and the impact of negative natural and man-made factors
Environmental risks of violation of the optimal land’s ratio
Authors: Lishchuk A. , Parfeniuk A. , Horodyska І. , Draga M. , Ternovyi Yu.
Published: August 2022

The ecological condition of agro-landscapes of Kyiv region was assessed according to the ecological balance’s grade in the ratio of arable land (Sp) to the total area of ecological-stabilizing lands (SESU) (natural components of agro-landscape: forests, meadows, pastures, shrubbery, swamps, basins). According to the assessment of environmental risks of violation of the optimal land`s ratio, it was found that the whole territory of Kyiv region is dominated by degraded agricultural landscapes, which requires immediate action to change their component composition and structure. It was clarified that the ecological condition of agricultural landscapes of Kyiv region is critical, which indicates the ecological lack of balance of land (the share of arable land (P) is 48,92%, and the area corresponds to the II agro-landscape ecotype). It was marked that irrational use of land resources, violation of ecological balance in the ratio of arable land area to the total area of ecological and stabilizing lands affects the deterioration of the ecological condition of agricultural landscapes. It is established that the territory of Skvyra research station of organic production of IANM NAAS is represented by the IV agro-landscape ecotype, and the ecological condition of the agro-landscape of the research station is catastrophic. For improving the ecological balance in the ratio of land, it was recommended to expand the protective strips (edges) of fields and increase the area of forested areas; return of ecologically disturbed lands to land use; create objects of the nature reserve fund (NRF). It was emphasized that the optimization of the agroecological condition of agricultural land soils is possible with the rational use of basic agro-technical measures, among which the main ones are soil protection (against erosion) measures; agrochemical melioration (neutralization of acid soils); scientifically substantiated crops rotation; bringing in mineral and organic fertilizers; implementation of biological systems of farming, etc.
Aggressiveness of Alternaria alternata (Fr.) Keiss for influence of sunflower hybrids and cultivation technologies
Authors: Turovnik Y. , Beznosko I. , Havryliuk L. , Mosiychuk I.
Published: August 2022

Phytopathogenic aggressiveness is the ability of a fungus to reproduce in the tissues of host plants, which is manifested in different growth rates of mycelium, intensity of spore formation, viability of fungal spores, duration of development cycle and its resistance to extreme conditions. Varieties and hybrids of crops have a significant effect on changing the aggressiveness of phytopathogenic micromycetes. Therefore, the aim of the study was to determine the aggressiveness of the fungus Alternaria alternata (Fr.) Keiss under the influence of sunflower hybrids grown in different technologies. The influence of sunflower hybrids on the change of aggression was studied using the methods given in the methodological recommendations of M.O. Lemezi. The aggressiveness of A. alternata under the influence of sunflower hybrids grown by different technologies was analyzed. The following indicators were used for evaluation: viability of phytopathogenic micromycete spores, intensity of its spore formation and score of sunflower seedlings by the studied fungus. And also determined the degree of aggressiveness and pathogenicity of the fungus A. alternata. According to the results of the study, a high dependence of the aggressiveness of the studied micromycete on the biological properties of sunflower hybrids of different breeding origin was established. The Dushko hybrid, compared to the Oliver hybrid, both in traditional and organic cultivation technologies, can significantly reduce the aggressiveness of the phytopathogenic fungus A. alternata. This indicator should be used for ecological research of sunflower hybrids as a factor of biological pollution of the agrocenosis, that will allow to managing the stability of agroecosystems and obtain environmentally friendly and safe crop products.
Analysis of energy efficiency of production of compost from manure of cattle
Authors: Zhukorskyi O. , Kryvokhyzha Ye. , Mazur S. , Boltik N.
Published: August 2022

Organic fertilizer is a source of necessary for agricultural plants macro-, microelements and carbon dioxide. Due to their gradual mineralization nutrients enter the plants during the whole period of vegetation. In the production, in particular organic fertilizers, the main factor determining profitability is the effective use of energy. The aim of the work was carry out analysis of energy efficiency of production of compost and vermicompost from manure of cattle. Research materials was data of technical information, scientific literature for technologies of composting and vermicomposting manure of cattle, Internet information and the results of own research. Energy efficiency of producing organic fertilizer from animal waste was determined by the method of direct cost of energy. It was determined that at the production of compost and vermicompost from manure of cattle, to a great degree, using energy of diesel fuel (98.3%). A small percentage is occupied by energy of workers (1.7%). It is established, that at the production of compost from manure of cattle consumption of energy, in particular diesel fuel and human accounts for 0.39±0.08 MJ/kg. The most energy-intensive production processes are mixing of compost and watering his water, which is spent 0.17±0.05 MJ/kg. Less energy-intensive: transporting of manure and formation of stacks (0.06±0.01 MJ/kg); filling a container with water and its transporting (0.07±0.01 MJ/kg); covering of stacks, drying and packing of compost (0.11±0.02 MJ/kg). When preparing of 1 kg of substrate from manure of cattle for later vermicultivation consumption of energy (diesel fuel and human) amounted to 0.16±0.04 MJ. During the process of vermicultivation, consumption of energy amounted to 0.41±0.08 MJ/kg. During vermicomposting, more energy is spent on mixing of stacks and watering their water 0.23±0.07 MJ/kg. Less energy-intensive such production processes as: formation of vermi bed and colonization of their vermiculture (0.07±0.01 MJ/kg); separating of worms from vermicompost and drying of biohumus (0.07±0.01MJ/kg); covering of stacks and packing of biohumus (0.05±0.1 MJ/kg). At the production of 1 kg of vermicompost, consumption of energy amounted to 0.57±0.12 MJ, worth 0.87±0.12 UAH. At the production of organic fertilizers through composting, consumption of energy is reduced of an average of 31.6% and its cost by 26.4%.
Time Zero for Net Zero: A Coal Mine Baseline for Decarbonising Heat
Authors: Monaghan Alison A. , Bateson Luke , Boyce Adrian J. , Burnside Neil M. , Chambers Rebecca , de Rezende Julia R. , Dunnet Eilidh , Everett Paul A. , Gilfillan Stuart M. V. , Jibrin Muhammad S. , Johnson Gareth , Luckett Richard , MacAllister Donald John , MacDonald Alan M. , Moreau John W. , Newsome Laura , Novellino Alessandro , Palumbo-Roe Barbara , Pereira Ryan , Smith Douglas , Spence Mike J. , Starcher Vanessa , Taylor-Curran Helen , Vane Christopher H. , Wagner Thomas , Walls David B.
Published: August 2022

Mine water geothermal energy could provide sustainable heating, cooling and storage to assist in the decarbonisation of heat and achieving Net Zero carbon emissions. However, mined environments are highly complex and we currently lack the understanding to confidently enable a widespread, cost-effective deployment of the technology. Extensive and repeated use of the mined subsurface as a thermal source/store and the optimisation of operational infrastructure encompasses a range of scientific and technical challenges that require broad partnerships to address. We present emerging results of a pioneering multidisciplinary collaboration formed around an at-scale mine water geothermal research infrastructure in Glasgow, United Kingdom. Focused on a mined, urban environment, a range of approaches have been applied to both characterise the environmental change before geothermal activities to generate “time zero” datasets, and to develop novel monitoring tools for cost-effective and environmentally-sound geothermal operations. Time zero soil chemistry, ground gas, surface water and groundwater characterisation, together with ground motion and seismic monitoring, document ongoing seasonal and temporal variability that can be considered typical of a post-industrial, urban environment underlain by abandoned, flooded coal mine workings. In addition, over 550 water, rock and gas samples collected during borehole drilling and testing underwent diverse geochemical, isotopic and microbiological analysis. Initial results indicate a connected subsurface with modern groundwater, and resolve distinctive chemical, organic carbon and stable isotope signatures from different horizons that offer promise as a basis for monitoring methods. Biogeochemical interactions of sulphur, carbon and iron, plus indications of microbially-mediated mineral oxidation/reduction reactions require further investigation for long term operation. Integration of the wide array of time zero observations and understanding of coupled subsurface processes has significant potential to inform development of efficient and resilient geothermal infrastructure and to inform the design of fit-for-purpose monitoring approaches in the quest towards meeting Net Zero targets.
Development and Validation of a Novel Mitochondrion and Ferroptosis-Related Long Non-Coding RNA Prognostic Signature in Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Xia Wuzheng , Zeng Cong , Zheng Zehao , Huang Chunwang , Zhou Yu , Bai Lan
Published: August 2022

Mitochondrion and ferroptosis are related to tumorigenesis and tumor progression of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Therefore, this study focused on exploring the participation of lncRNAs in mitochondrial dysfunction and ferroptosis using public datasets from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. We identified the mitochondrion- and ferroptosis-related lncRNAs by Pearson’s analysis and lasso-Cox regression. Moreover, real-time quantitative reverse transcription PCR (RT-qPCR) was utilized to further confirm the abnormal expression of these lncRNAs. Based on eight lncRNAs, the MF-related lncRNA prognostic signature (LPS) with outstanding stratification ability and prognostic prediction capability was constructed. In addition, functional enrichment analysis and immune cell infiltration analysis were performed to explore the possible functions of lncRNAs and their impact on the tumor microenvironment. The pathways related to G2M checkpoint and MYC were activated, and the infiltration ratio of regulatory T cells and M0 and M2 macrophages was higher in the high-risk group. In conclusion, these lncRNAs may affect mitochondria functions, ferroptosis, and immune cell infiltration in HCC through specific pathways, which may provide valuable insight into the progression and therapies of HCC.
Caffeine Restores Neuronal Damage and Inflammatory Response in a Model of Intraventricular Hemorrhage of the Preterm Newborn
Authors: Alves-Martinez Pilar , Atienza-Navarro Isabel , Vargas-Soria Maria , Carranza-Naval Maria Jose , Infante-Garcia Carmen , Benavente-Fernandez Isabel , Del Marco Angel , Lubian-Lopez Simon , Garcia-Alloza Monica
Published: August 2022

Germinal matrix-intraventricular hemorrhage (GM-IVH) is the most frequent intracranial hemorrhage in the preterm infant (PT). Long-term GM-IVH-associated sequelae include cerebral palsy, sensory and motor impairment, learning disabilities, or neuropsychiatric disorders. The societal and health burden associated with GM-IVH is worsened by the fact that there is no successful treatment to limit or reduce brain damage and neurodevelopment disabilities. Caffeine (Caf) is a methylxanthine that binds to adenosine receptors, regularly used to treat the apnea of prematurity. While previous studies support the beneficial effects at the brain level of Caf in PT, there are no studies that specifically focus on the role of Caf in GM-IVH. Therefore, to further understand the role of Caf in GM-IVH, we have analyzed two doses of Caf (10 and 20 mg/kg) in a murine model of the disease. We have analyzed the short (P14) and long (P70) effects of the treatment on brain atrophy and neuron wellbeing, including density, curvature, and phospho-tau/total tau ratio. We have analyzed proliferation and neurogenesis, as well as microglia and hemorrhage burdens. We have also assessed the long-term effects of Caf treatment at cognitive level. To induce GM-IVH, we have administered intraventricular collagenase to P7 CD1 mice and have analyzed these animals in the short (P14) and long (P70) term. Caf showed a general neuroprotective effect in our model of GM-IVH of the PT. In our study, Caf administration diminishes brain atrophy and ventricle enlargement. Likewise, Caf limits neuronal damage, including neurite curvature and tau phosphorylation. It also contributes to maintaining neurogenesis in the subventricular zone, a neurogenic niche that is severely affected after GM-IVH. Furthermore, Caf ameliorates small vessel bleeding and inflammation in both the cortex and the subventricular zone. Observed mitigation of brain pathological features commonly associated with GM-IVH also results in a significant improvement of learning and memory abilities in the long term. Altogether, our data support the promising effects of Caf to reduce central nervous system complications associated with GM-IVH.
Notch signaling regulates strain-mediated phenotypic switching of vascular smooth muscle cells
Authors: Karakaya Cansu , van Turnhout Mark C. , Visser Valery L. , Ristori Tommaso , Bouten Carlijn V. C. , Sahlgren Cecilia M. , Loerakker Sandra
Published: August 2022

Mechanical stimuli experienced by vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) and mechanosensitive Notch signaling are important regulators of vascular growth and remodeling. However, the interplay between mechanical cues and Notch signaling, and its contribution to regulate the VSMC phenotype are still unclear. Here, we investigated the role of Notch signaling in regulating strain-mediated changes in VSMC phenotype. Synthetic and contractile VSMCs were cyclically stretched for 48 h to determine the temporal changes in phenotypic features. Different magnitudes of strain were applied to investigate its effect on Notch mechanosensitivity and the phenotypic regulation of VSMCs. In addition, Notch signaling was inhibited via DAPT treatment and activated with immobilized Jagged1 ligands to understand the role of Notch on strain-mediated phenotypic changes of VSMCs. Our data demonstrate that cyclic strain induces a decrease in Notch signaling along with a loss of VSMC contractile features. Accordingly, the activation of Notch signaling during cyclic stretching partially rescued the contractile features of VSMCs. These findings demonstrate that Notch signaling has an important role in regulating strain-mediated phenotypic switching of VSMCs.