bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Berlin/Istanbul Again: Theatre, Memory, and the New Wave of Migration
Authors: Reisoglu Mert Bahadir
Published: November 2024

In this article I investigate the relationship between contemporary Turkish and German theatres and the transnational exchanges between Istanbul and Berlin after the “new wave” of migration. I focus on Ceren Ercan’s two plays Seni Seviyorum Türkiye (“I Love You, Turkey”) and Berlin Zamanı (“Time for Berlin”). Through her use of dark humour and experimental dramaturgy, Ercan manages to bring together diverse but interconnected issues pertaining to the everyday lives of secular segments of Turkish society. Her exploration of the exilic and nostalgic aspects in these experiences forges new connections between Istanbul and Berlin and highlights the importance of personal and institutional collaboration across borders. At a time when postmigrant theatre contests the parameters of German national identity within the context of the nation-state, Ercan’s work opens the theatre scene to further transnational configurations.
Knowledge and Attitude of Climate Change Impacts on Human Health among Community in Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia
Authors: Makhtar Aniawanis , Mohd Sanusi Nur Sabila , Ahmad Norfadzilah
Published: November 2024

Background: Climate change poses significant threats to human health through increased frequency of extreme weather events, alterations in disease patterns, and impacts on food and water security. This study aimed to determine the levels of knowledge and attitudes regarding climate change and its health impacts among the community in Kuantan, Pahang.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 292 residents conveniently selected in Kuantan, Pahang’s areas. Data gathered between March to June 2024 using questionnaires through Google Form. Descriptive statistics, chi-square tests, and Fisher's exact test were used to describe the findings.
Results: The findings indicate that 80.5% of respondents possess adequate knowledge about the health impacts of climate change, and 88.4% demonstrate positive attitudes toward mitigation and adaptation. A significant association exists between higher levels of knowledge and more favorable attitudes toward addressing climate change (p=0.045). Additionally, younger age and higher education levels are significantly associated with better knowledge of climate change on health impacts among the community in Kuantan.
Conclusion: The study underscores the importance of enhancing community education to improve both knowledge and attitudes regarding the health impacts of climate change. These insights are vital for developing targeted public health strategies and fostering proactive community engagement in climate change mitigation and adaptation efforts.
La medición de audiencias de la nueva televisión: ¿quién mide a las plataformas de vídeo?
Authors: Gallardo-Camacho Jorge
Published: November 2024

El concepto de televisión se ha expandido y va más allá de las cadenas que crean contenidos por las televisiones tradicionales lineales donde los programas se emiten de manera continua. Por tanto, se ha diversificado tanto el origen como la forma en la que llegan los contenidos audiovisuales a través de nuestras pantallas. La televisión tradicional convive, por tanto, con nuevos agentes audiovisuales como son las redes sociales y las plataformas de vídeo OTT (Over The Top) como Netflix, Amazon Prime Video o Disney+. Este artículo plantea una radiografía sobre el actual sistema de medición de las audiencias tradicionales y de las nuevas audiencias. ¿Se están midiendo los espectadores que consumen televisión en dispositivos móviles? ¿Cómo y quién mide actualmente lo que se ve en Netflix? Responderemos a estas preguntas para observar el reto de la industria audiovisual para medir una sociedad con gran facilidad de acceso al consumo del vídeo en todo tipo de pantallas.
ДИТЯЧА ЛІТЕРАТУРА ПРО ВІЙНУ ЯК СКЛАДНИК МІЛІТАРНОГО ДИСКУРСУ
Authors: KHOMA Kateryna
Published: November 2024

У контексті феномену мілітарної української літератури постає доцільним розгляд художніх творів, адресованих дитячій аудиторії. Статтю присвячено вивченню дитячої літератури про війну. Цей масив творів у сучасній українській літературі в межах мілітарного дискурсу є надзвичайно потужним, попри те, що сформувався за досить короткий час. Книги покликані прийти на допомогу дитині у найскладніший період її життя – коли вона опинилась мимовільно втягнутою у вир подій війни.

Вони розповідають, лікують, надихають прикладами з життя їхніх маленьких героїв, допомагають дорослим почати непросту розмову з дитиною про війну. Саме такі видання формують уявлення дитини про війну, про призначення воїна, про значення у житті кожної людини її домівки і рідної землі, про добро і зло, історичну пам’ять та любов до батьківщини.

На основі аналізу творів сучасних авторів, тих хто пише про війну для дітей, було визначено типи нараторів та їх стратегії. Серед провідних завдань, які ставить перед собою дитяча книга про війну, – пояснення складної ситуації і нівелювання впливу травматичних подій на свідомість юного читача. Також ці книги вчать толерантності, співчуттю, відповідальності за долю рідної землі, сприяють самовизначенню і усвідомленню своєї ідентичності. Це може бути неантропологічний наратор-спостерігач подій, наратор, який має спільний травматичний досвід з юним героєм-читачем, наратор-дорослий, який своїми діями допомагає дітям відчути захищеність, акумулює силу побороти власні страхи, наділяє мудрістю життя і любов’ю до рідної землі. Визначені основні стратегії: дефамілізаризація (поняття окреслено О. Сидоренко), подача терапевтичних практик через художній текст у вигляді щоденника, який веде герой-одноліток, або його усну сповідь (про те, як опинився у ситуації вимушеної еміграції, пережив хворобу чи втрату рідної людини, залишив рідний дім чи дізнався про його руйнування), інструкцію до гри, про яку він розповідає тощо. Подальшою перспективою дослідження може стати художній аналіз авторських творів дітей та підлітків, які пишуть про війну.
ФОРМУВАННЯ НАВИЧОК ВИРАЖЕННЯ ЕКСПРЕСИВНОСТІ У ПРОЦЕСІ ІНШОМОВНОЇ КОМУНІКАЦІЇ
Authors: SHEMUDA Maryna
Published: November 2024

У статті розглянуто експресивність як одиницю, що притаманна всім рівням мови і яка виражає ставлення суб’єкта мови до адресата/дійсності і не просто виконує функцію повідомлення, а й посилює вплив, спрямований на реципієнта. Автор наголошує, що експресивність орієнтована на комунікативний акт і є зв’язком мовних засобів виразності з функціональним аспектом мови. Проаналізовано фонетичні, граматичні та лексичні мовні засоби вираження експресивності, а також особливості формування навичок вираження експресивності у процесі іншомовної комунікації. Досліджуючи засоби створення експресивності, виявлено, що при описі емоційного ставлення до висловлювання у центрі уваги є структура тексту з використанням різноманітних лінгвостилістичних мовних засобів. У статті виявлено, що на фонетичному рівні експресивність виражається за допомогою фонемних повторів (алітерація та асонанс) та особливого фонемного складу слова (ономатопея). Граматично експресивність може виражатися двох рівнях, морфологічному рівні (незвичайне використання артиклю, присвійного відмінка, множини, персоніфікації (утворення присвійного відмінка від неживих іменників) та синтаксичному (стилістичні фігури (парцеляція, парантеза, еліпсис, інверсія, паралелізм тощо) та транспозиція синтаксичних структур (риторичні запитання, вигуки тощо). Лексичні засоби вираження експресивності (тропи) включають епітет, метафору, порівняння, іронію, уособлення, гіперболу, літоту, перифраз, архаїзми, жаргонізми, діалектизми та фразеологічні одиниці. На синтаксичному рівні експресивність виражається зміною звичайного порядку слів, використанням еліптичності конструкцій, повторів та інших стилістичних засобів. Розглядаючи засоби формування навичок вираження експресивності у процесі англомовної комунікації, стверджується, що експресивність може бути закладена автором і набором лінгвістичних ознак на всіх рівнях мови: засобами вираження емоційності, оцінності, образності, стилістичного маркування, інтенсивності, зв’язності тощо. Автор робить висновок, що процес формування навичок вираження експресивності у процесі англомовної комунікації у здобувачів повинен відбуватися як процес оволодіння комунікативно-прагматичною функцією мови.
ОКАЗІОНАЛІЗМИ В МОВІ СУЧАСНИХ ЗАСОБІВ МАСОВОЇ КОМУНІКАЦІЇ
Authors: LEVCHENKO Tetiana , LYCHUK Maria
Published: November 2024

The article is devoted to the language of mass media, in which one can quite often come across occasionalisms formed by various usual word-forming methods. In particular, it is said that, on the one hand, individually-authored new works express a subjective creative beginning, which is manifested in their uniqueness and «disposability», on the other hand, they enter into systemic connections with usual words and single- structure new works, realizing meanings that are significant for the linguistic picture of the world in a particular period and are usually transmitted in standard ways. It is noted that one of the striking signs of word-formation processes of the first third of the 21st century is the growth of nominal prefixation, suffixation, and stemming, and the increase in the activity of word-formation models that use prefixation or suffixation to create new words may be associated with certain intralinguistic and extralinguistic factors: an increase in the expressiveness of potential neologisms with prefixes is revealed, which probably reflects the desire of authors to draw attention to the word, the desire to be heard. One of the important problems associated withoccasionalisms is raised – the question of the prospects for their further existence, because researchers suggest two possibilities for them, as, however, for neologisms in general: entering into active use and losing expressive coloring and novelty or preserving their status as a random phenomenon that has not entered into common usage. Since language is a living organism that functions according to its own laws, only time can answer this question. Attention is focused on the fact that this also explains the choice of the word-forming formant of  occasionalism. Occasionalisms are most actively formed by interword overlap, contamination, and graphization, and the capabilities of graphic systems of different languages are actively involved, resulting in the formation of so-called «centaur words». It was found that the main part of occasionalisms in the collected linguistic material is represented by nouns, adjectives, verbs, less often – adverbs, pronouns and numerators are not fixed.
ТЕОРЕТИЧНІ ЗАСАДИ ДОСЛІДЖЕННЯ ДИСОЦІАТИВНОГО РОЗЛАДУ ІДЕНТИЧНОСТІ ТА ОСОБИСТОСТІ МИКОЛИ ХВИЛЬОВОГО
Authors: SHARAGINA Olga
Published: November 2024

Наукова стаття присвячена темі теоретичних засад дослідження розладу ідентичності та особистості Миколи Хвильового крізь призму його творчості. Проаналізовано поняття та сутність дисоціативного розладу ідентичності, а також визначено причини й ознаки його прояву через поведінку та свідомість героя. Здійснено загальне дослідження множинності особистості як психологічної хвороби для подальшого аналізу персонажа. Опрацьовано життєвий шлях та психологічний стан особистості М. Хвильового, як можливий фундамент у створенні головного героя новели «Я – Романтика». Розкрито та проаналізовано психічний феномен розладу множинної особистості через роздуми, сприйняття реальності та усвідомлення власних вчинків персонажами твору.
Систематизовано інформацію про періоди та умови поширення явища множинної особистості у світовій та українській літературі. Проведено пошукову роботу у галузі психології з теми роздвоєння особистості, визначено основні причини та ознаки цього захворювання для подальшого дослідження дисоціативного розладу ідентичності у головного героя новели. Доведено, що негативні фактори провокують виникнення надмірної тривожності, гніву, почуття порожнечі, відчуття втрати зв’язку з реальністю тощо.
Зазначено, що у новелі Миколи Хвильового «Я – Романтика» дисоціативний розлад моделюється описом внутрішніх хвилювань та вчинків головного героя, спровокованих впливом життєвих обставин та тиском соціуму. Середовище, яке зображує письменник у новелі, є відображенням внутрішньої боротьби персонажа і передає всі етапи становлення в ньому єдиної особистості. Герой, переживаючи глибоку світоглядну кризу, у результаті отримує внутрішню душевну роздвоєність, яка гнітить його і врешті – знищує.
PROJECT-BASED LEARNING AS A MEANS OF ENHANCING MOTIVATION AMONG 5TH AND 6TH GRADE STUDENTS IN UKRAINIAN LANGUAGE LESSONS IN THE CONTEXT OF EDUCATIONAL LOSSES
Authors: KARAMAN Stanislav , FILONOVA Natalia
Published: November 2024

Стаття присвячена обґрунтуванню проектного навчання як засобу підвищення мотивації учнів 5-6 класів до уроків української мови в умовах освітніх втрат, спричинених пандемією та повномасштабним військовим вторгненням в Україну. В умовах кризових ситуацій, що призвели до значних збоїв у навчальному процесі, зниження пізнавальної активності, психоемоційних труднощів у студентів, зросла потреба в пошуку ефективних методів стимулювання мотивації та інтересу до навчання. Особливу увагу в статті приділено методам і стратегіям, які сприяють підвищенню мотивації учнів до вивчення української мови в періоди невдач у навчанні. Одним із таких ефективних дидактичних ресурсів є проектне навчання, яке активізує навчально-пізнавальну діяльність учнів, сприяє розвитку їхніх пізнавальних і практичних навичок шляхом реалізації проектів, що мають реальне життєве значення. У статті окреслено основні принципи проектного навчання, зокрема поєднання теоретичних знань із практичними завданнями, розвиток критичного мислення, самостійності та навичок командної роботи. Проектне навчання також дає змогу врахувати індивідуальні потреби учнів, сприяє розвитку їх соціальної активності та відповідальності. Крім того, у статті наголошується на психоемоційному аспекті навчання, зокрема на необхідності створення безпечного та комфортного середовища для учнів, які переживають психічні розлади внаслідок війни та інших стресових факторів. Впровадження проектного навчання на уроках української мови під час освітніх втрат може стати потужним засобом не лише виховання стійкої навчальної мотивації учнів, а й розвитку їхньої здатності адаптуватися в умовах невизначеності та кризи, тим самим покращуючи навчальні досягнення.
The Influence of Leadership, Cooperation, Welfare, and Work Ethic on Madrasah Educator Performance: The Role of Motivation and Competence
Authors: Sugeng Bambang , Akmansyah Muhammad , Kholid Idham , Dermawan Oki
Published: November 2024

Education is the key to progress and a challenge for every country, especially for developing countries like Indonesia. The problem of education quality in Indonesia can be seen from the low achievement of madrasahs and the results of the 2022 Program for International Student Assessment (PISA) evaluation. This research aims to explore the variables that influence the performance of educators in Bandar Lampung, with a focus on the leadership of madrasah heads, cooperation, welfare, motivation, personality competence, and work ethic of educators. This research uses a qualitative approach with exploratory and causal methods to identify and analyze the relationship between these variables. Data was collected through surveys and analyzed using multiple linear regression. The results of the research show that partially and simultaneously, the leadership of the madrasa head, cooperation, welfare, motivation, personality competence and work ethic have a significant effect on the performance of educators. Educator competency is the most dominant variable influencing educator performance. This research underlines the importance of good management of human resources in education to improve the quality of education. Recommendations are given to improve the performance of educators through improving leadership management, collaboration between educators, increasing welfare, motivation, as well as developing the competence and work ethic of educators.
Logopedia XXI wieku – własna metodologia, nowe perspektywy badawcze
Authors: Panasiuk Jolanta
Published: November 2024

W ciągu swojej sześćdziesięcioletniej historii polska logopedia stała się nauką transdyscyplinarną, obejmuje osobną przestrzeń wiedzy, ma wyodrębniony przedmiot badań, posługuje się swoistym aparatem terminologiczno-pojęciowym, wypracowała standardy postępowania diagnostyczno-terapeutycznego, czyni starania o to, by stać się samodzielną dyscypliną wiedzy, logopedzi aspirują do regulacji ich zawodu w systemie prawa. Dla polskiej logopedii druga połowa XX w. była okresem budowania struktur akademickich, tworzenia programów kształcenia logopedów, integracji środowiska zawodowego, a przede wszystkim kształtowania się odrębnej metodologii badawczej. Cechą wszystkich opracowań naukowych jest projekcja pewnej sfery rzeczywistości w perspektywie przyjętej metodologii dokumentowana dowodami teoretycznymi i/lub empirycznymi. W artykule zaprezentowane zostaną ograniczenia wynikające z dotychczasowych badań nad zaburzeniami mowy i możliwości badawcze, które otwiera teoria interakcji przyjęta jako paradygmat badawczy logopedii XXI w.
Trzy wymiary znaku językowego i trzy typy schizofazji
Authors: Woźniak Tomasz
Published: November 2024

Celem artykułu jest typologia zaburzeń językowych występujących w przebiegu psychozy schizofrenicznej. Analizy wypowiedzi osób cierpiących na schizofrenię dowodzą, że mamy do czynienia z różnymi typami zjawisk powodujących niespójność tekstu. Interpretacja korpusu tekstów schizofatycznych, dokonana w perspektywie refleksji lingwistycznej, w powiązaniu z wnioskami z badań klinicznych, pozwala wyróżnić trzy podstawowe typy zaburzeń zachowań językowych w schizofrenii – typ zdezorganizowany, typ urojeniowy i typ schizofatycznego zubożenia tekstu. Ponadto praktyka wykazuje istnienie typów mieszanych schizofazji, we wszystkich wariantach kombinatorycznych pomiędzy trzema wymienionymi, co jest zjawiskiem analogicznym do problemów obserwowanych w przypadku diagnozy i klasyfikacji afazji. Wnioski lingwistyczne znajdują potwierdzenie w badaniach nad czynnością i funkcjonowaniem poszczególnych obszarów mózgu, przy uwzględnieniu lokalizacji miejsca zaburzeń językowych w danym zespole schizofrenicznym.
A Study on Factors Affecting Access to Trade Finance by Export Oriented Small and Medium Enterprises in Malaysia and Sri Lanka
Authors: Jayaweera Asha , Bhaumik Amiya , Liyanage Chatura
Published: December 2024

The inability to obtain adequate access to finance from the formal banking sector has become a key global constraint for the expansion and development of small and medium enterprises, popularly known as SMEs, engaged in international trade exports. The effect of specific underlying factors on accessing adequate trade finance by these niche SMEs are largely unknown, creating a considerable gap in the existing knowledge. The objective of this concept paper was the development of suitable hypotheses and a conceptual framework to explore the relationship between access to trade finance by export-oriented SMEs and their export performance and to thereby unearth the contributory factors to the problems faced by the export-oriented SMEs using secondary data from two countries in the Asian region: Malaysia and Sri Lanka. The research method employed was a comprehensive, systematic review of the literature. The PRISMA guidelines were employed to identify suitable research studies to be used. Thematic and descriptive analysis of the data gathered revealed several contributory factors that could be broadly categorised into three themes: weaknesses among the SMEs themselves, weaknesses in the formal banking sector, and the lack of governmental and non-governmental support towards exporting SMEs. Thus, a well-fitted conceptual framework could be developed. This paper contributes significantly to the literature, providing an insight into the contributory factors affecting access to trade finance for export-oriented SMEs in Malaysia and Sri Lanka in turn, enabling them to contribute more towards the economic growth of the two countries.
Quantitative Trait Loci (QTL) Mapping for Disease Resistance in Crop Species Using Advanced Biostatistical Approaches
Authors: Rasool Hafiza Sadia , Hanif Shagufta Muhammad , Khanim Nida
Published: November 2024

Quantitative Trait Loci (QTL) However, continued mapping of the genetic region(s) in disease resistance in crop species is indispensable for the development of high-yielding, robust crop species. Phenotypic trait-based QTL mapping is a bridge between a specific genomic region and a genetic marker of resistance to disease on the population level or to a translated genetic marker of disease resistance. Using advanced biostatistical methods, such as mixed models and Bayesian inference, this study increases the accuracy and resolution of QTL identification (e.g., wheat, rice, and maize). It is found that a more robust analysis can furnish additional robustness that considers the interaction of environment and genetic variance and population structure, both significant yet frequently neglected facets in standard QTL mapping. By combining crop breeders with genomics-based cutting-edge biostatistical tools, we can choose plants resistant to disease.
Outpatient lateral lumbar interbody fusion: single-institution consecutive case series
Authors: Alan Nima , Lee Katriel E. , Leal Isaza Juan Pablo , Giraldo Juan P. , Dugan Robert K. , Zhou James J. , Farber S. Harrison , O’Neill Luke K. , Uribe Juan S.
Published: November 2024

OBJECTIVE

Outpatient spine surgery could reduce hospital costs and improve patient outcomes. Outpatient lateral lumbar interbody fusion (LLIF) can be performed for select patients. This study identified and compared the demographic, clinical, and surgical characteristics of patients who underwent outpatient versus inpatient single-level LLIF.

METHODS

A retrospective review was conducted of a prospectively collected database of patients who underwent first-time single-level LLIF at a single institution performed by the same surgeon from January 1, 2017, through December 31, 2022. Demographic characteristics, including age, sex, BMI, and medical comorbidities, were collected. Surgical factors, such as level of surgery, operative duration, and estimated blood loss, were also collected. Length of stay and 30-day readmission were the primary outcomes of interest. Patients discharged on the day of surgery or the following day were considered to be in the outpatient group. ANOVA and chi-square tests were performed to compare continuous and categorical variables, respectively. Univariate logistic regression was used to examine the correlation between baseline demographic and surgical variables and outpatient surgery. If a variable significantly correlated with outpatient surgery on univariate analysis, it was subsequently used in multivariate logistic regression.

RESULTS

A total of 107 patients underwent first-time single-level LLIF, and 48 (44.9%) did not have posterior instrumentation. Fifty-three (49.5%) patients were women. The median age and BMI were 66.3 years and 28.9, respectively. The mean length of stay was 1 day (range 0–4 days), with 71 (66.4%) of 107 single-level LLIFs managed on an outpatient basis. There were no readmissions within 30 days. Patients in the outpatient group were more likely than patients in the inpatient group to be male (59% [42/71] vs 25% [9/36], p = 0.002), have a low LACE (risk criteria based on length of stay, acuity of the admission, comorbidity of the patient, and emergency department use within 6 months before admission) readmission index (63% [45/71] vs 28% [10/36], p < 0.001), and have a stand-alone construct (62% [44/71] vs 11% [4/36], p < 0.001). The outpatient cohort also had a shorter mean operative duration (104.4 vs 175.5 minutes, p < 0.001) and lower mean estimated blood loss (20 vs 100 mL, p < 0.001). There was no difference in age between the groups. Factors that remained significant on multivariate logistic regression were male sex (OR 0.14, 95% CI 0.04–0.53; p = 0.004), lower LACE readmission index (OR 0.06, 95% CI 0.02–0.25; p < 0.001), and stand-alone construct (OR 8.17, 95% CI 1.49–44.74; p = 0.02).

CONCLUSIONS

Multiple baseline and surgical characteristics were more common in the outpatient setting. With appropriate patient selection, single-level LLIF can be achieved on an outpatient basis.
Perioperative outcomes after minimally invasive and open surgery for treatment of spine metastases: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Shakil Husain , Essa Ahmad , Malhotra Armaan K. , Kiss Alex , Witiw Christopher D. , Redelmeier Donald A. , Wilson Jefferson R.
Published: November 2024

OBJECTIVE

This systematic review and meta-analysis compared minimally invasive surgery (MIS) to open surgery for treatment of spinal metastases with respect to perioperative outcomes. Few studies have systemically assessed the body of evidence on this topic.

METHODS

A systematic review of EMBASE and PubMed from database inception to December 2023 was performed to identify studies comparing MIS with open surgery for the treatment of spine metastases. Nine outcomes were collected: estimated blood loss (EBL), operative time, hospital length of stay (LOS), risk of revision, risk of neurological deterioration, likelihood of receiving postoperative radiation therapy, time to radiation therapy, time to chemotherapy, and treatment of pain measured through patient-reported visual analog scale (VAS) scores. Meta regression was used to estimate adjusted mean differences (aMDs) and adjusted odds ratios (aORs) for outcomes. Certainty of evidence was appraised using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluations approach.

RESULTS

There were 34 eligible studies including 1656 patients with spinal metastases; 904 (54.6%) patients were treated with MIS and 752 (45.4%) were treated with open surgery. MIS was associated with significantly less blood loss (aMD −602 mL, 95% CI −1204 to −0.2 mL; I2 = 97%) with a moderate certainty of evidence. MIS was found to be noninferior with respect to operative time (aMD −2.6 minutes, 95% CI −53.3 to 48.1 minutes; I2 = 88%), risk of revision (aOR 0.9, 95% CI 0.8–1.1; I2 < 0.01), risk of neurological deterioration (aOR 0.9, 95% CI 0.8–1.0; I2 < 0.01), likelihood of postoperative radiation therapy (aOR 0.9, 95% CI 0.7–1.4; I2 < 0.01), and postoperative VAS score (aMD −0.6, 95% CI −1.5 to 0.4; I2 = 52%) with low certainty of evidence. MIS was associated with significantly shorter time to chemotherapy (MD −0.9 weeks, 95% CI −1.9 to −0.01 weeks; I2 = 22%), with very low certainty of evidence. Inferences for LOS and time to radiation were indeterminate; however, we found a trend toward earlier radiation therapy with MIS that was significant in the subgroup of patients treated with decompression and fusion.

CONCLUSIONS

Treatment with MIS compared with open surgery was associated with reduced EBL, shorter time to chemotherapy, similar operative time, and similar reductions in postoperative pain. Limitations were largely due to heterogeneity across studies. Future research among subgroups is very likely to improve certainty in the comparative effect estimates.
Effects of Maternal Age on Fetus and Perinatal Outcomes in a Tertiary Care Center: An Observational Study
Authors: Chaudhary Sonam , Mahotra Narayan , Paudyal Pooja
Published: December 2024

Introduction: The early and late pregnancy both can be hazardous for mother and child. The study aims to explore the maternal age group among Nepalese women who delivered in Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital and its effects on perinatal outcomes.Methods: An observational cross-section study was carried out from February to September, 2023 with the records of maternity cases at a tertiary care hospital after receiving ethical approval from the Institutional Review Committee [Reference number: 130(6-11) E2-2 079/080]. The records of maternity cases of four years duration from April, 2018 onwards were included. Data was entered in Microsoft Excel 2016 and descriptive analysis was done.Results: Out of 13062 maternity cases, the prevalence of pregnancy in normal reproductive age was 12035 (92.13%). A total of 882 (6.67%) maternity cases were in advanced age and 145 (1.11%) were in teen age. The alive newborns which were more in normal reproductive age was 12008 (99.77%) and stillbirth which was more in teen age pregnancy was 4 (2.75%). The low-birth-weight newborns distributed more in teen age pregnancy was 44 (30.34%) and high birth weight newborns distributed more in advanced age pregnancy was 18 (2.04%).Conclusions: The abnormal birth weight and stillbirths were common in teen age and advanced age  pregnancy.
Overcoming the Challenges of Intravenous Immunoglobulin Resistance in Kawasaki Disease: A Case Report
Authors: Chaudhary Rahul Kumar , Khan Sajjad Ahmed , Sah Raman Kumar , Shreya
Published: December 2024

Kawasaki disease, extremely rare vasculitis of unknown etiology characterized by inflammation of small to medium sized arteries of multiple systems. This case report enhances the knowledge and management skills of rare clinical conditions. Here we report a case of a 3- month-old infant presented with acute onset fever, rash, non-exudative conjunctivitis and swellings of hands and legs with blood culture positive sepsis and right coronary artery dilatation. The child didn’t respond to treatment with the first dose of intravenous immunoglobulin. Therefore, the immunoglobulin resistant Kawasaki disease in infants needs further evaluation and clinical management at tertiary level hospitals.
The Evolving Role of Laboratory Doctors: A Shift towards Patient Consultation
Authors: Pant Vivek
Published: December 2024

In developing countries such as Nepal, the scarcity of doctors and their constrained consultation time often hinder comprehensive patient education regarding laboratory pre-test preparations and post-test results counselling. This study examines the potential of integrating laboratory doctors and direct patient consultations as alternatives to improve patient management. By piloting this practice at our institution, this viewpoint highlight that the laboratory doctors, with their specialized knowledge, can effectively communicate pre-test and post-test information, thereby enhancing patient understanding and compliance. This article also discusses the practical implications of this model and offer recommendations for policy adjustments to facilitate this integration.
Duration of Anesthesia with Dexmedetomidine as Adjuvant to Ropivacaine in Supraclavicular Brachial Plexus Block: An Observational Study
Authors: Acharya Samyukta , Thapa Chitra , Shrestha Nisha , Hamal Pawan Kumar
Published: December 2024

Introduction: Supraclavicular brachial plexus block is effective for upper limb surgeries, with ropivacaine offering prolonged action. Adding dexmedetomidine as an adjuvant may enhance block duration and quality. This study aimed to evaluate the mean duration of anesthesia with dexmedetomidine as an adjuvant to ropivacaine in supraclavicular brachial plexus blocks.Methods: A observational cross-section study was conducted among patients undergoing supraclavicular brachial plexus block for elective upper limb surgery in a tertiary care center. The block was performed using ultrasound-guided, single-injection technique with 0.25% ropivacaine and 0.5 µg/kg dexmedetomidine. Sensory and motor block durations, along with analgesia, were assessed using standardized scales. A convenience sampling method was used. The point estimate was calculated at a 95% Confidence Interval. An ethical approval was taken from Institutional review Committee (Reference number: 026-077/078).Results: The mean duration of anesthesia was 592.42±137.73 minutes (548.62-636.21, 95% Confidence Interval). Sensory and motor block durations were 553.95±138.54 and 555.42±156.24 minutes, respectively, with median onset times of 15 (IQR: 5-22.5) and 24 (IQR: 17-30) minutes.Conclusions: The mean duration of anesthesia with dexmedetomidine as an adjuvant to ropivacaine in supraclavicular brachial plexus blocks was similar to other studies showing prolonged duration and accelerated sensory and motor block.
Neck of Femur Fracture among Senior Citizen Managed with Hemiarthroplasty in a Tertiary Care Center in Nepal: An Observational Study
Authors: Poudel Bijay , Shrestha Rohit , Karki Bhaskar Raj , Basi Ashkal , Khadka Sushant Kumar , Chaudhary Aashutosh , Dahal Amartya , Pandey Shreejana , Dhoju Darshan Gopal
Published: December 2024

Introduction: Hemiarthroplasty is recognized as a prominent therapeutic option for neck of femur fracture without preexisting acetabular  pathology; however, there are controversies in the scientific literature regarding this. The study aims to analyze epidemiology of patients sustaining neck of femur fracture and the functional outcomes following hemiarthroplasty. Methods: This is a observational cross-section study in a single tertiary care center of Nepal. Senior citizens, 60 years or above patients, with neck of femur fracture who underwent hemiarthroplasty from January 2017 to December 2022 were included in the study. Patient related data were retrieved from the medical record department of the hospital. A semi-structured proforma was designed which included patient demographic information, operative details and follow up evaluation using Modified Harris Hip Score. Ethical approval was obtained from the Institutional Review Committee (Reference number: 34/24). Results: The median Modified Harris Hip score for patients who received hemiarthroplasty for neck of femur fracture from January 2017 to December 2022 was 79 (IQR: 74-86), with 4 (9.30%) achieving excellent results, 19 (41.19%) good, 14 (32.56%) fair, and 6 (13.95%) poor outcomes. Conclusions: Hemiarthroplasty emerges as a valuable treatment for femoral neck fractures in senior citizens, aged 60 and above, providing good functional results.
Devastating Flood in Nepal Amid a Humanitarian Crisis: A Call for Action
Authors: Giri Bibek , Jehan Minal , Mohiuddin Mubashir , Noor Ahmad , Sheraz Ahmed
Published: December 2024

Floods have been a major problem in Nepal for a long time. Many lives have been lost due to the flood and people are still suffering from its effect. People are homeless and facing basic problems like food, and shelter. There are rising cases of waterborne diseases due to contaminated water. Providing healthcare facilities in this situation is additional challenge to the government. This has been a challenging issue for the Nepal government, and that need to be stop. Therefore, in this paper, we discussed the various methods, and strategies to tackle this problem in the future.
Pediatric Usher Syndrome Type 2A with Coexisting Rheumatic Heart Disease and Upper Gastro-Intestinal Bleed: A Case Report
Authors: Yadav Bishal , Khadka Tunam , Shah Toyendra Jung , Phuyal Mandish Prasad , Lamichane Rajesh , Chaurasiya Bikash
Published: December 2024

Usher syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive disorder characterized by progressive sensorineural hearing loss and retinitis pigmentosa, typically present from birth and later symptoms, including loss of night vision and peripheral vision slowly progressing to blindness. The condition exhibits clinical and genetic diversity and currently lacks the definitive treatment. This report presents a case of a ten-year-old female diagnosed with Usher syndrome type IIA via whole exome sequencing. The delayed onset of visual symptoms often leads to a misdiagnosis to isolated deafness in early years. The early identification allows for better prognosis through surveillance and intervention in hearing and visual impairments. If usher patients can receive a timely diagnosis, genetic molecular therapies may help preserve the photoreceptors, subsequently development of blindness could be delayed or possibly be prevented.
GÜNEY KAFKASYA’DA OSMANLI ŞEHBENDERLİK AĞI
Authors: Turan Resul
Published: December 2024

Güney Kafkasya, Osmanlı, İran, Rus rekabetinin yaşandığı en stratejik merkezlerden biri olmuş ve XIX. yüzyıldaki toprak kazanımları neticesinde tamamen Rus idaresine girmiştir. Rusya’nın Karadeniz ticaretini Kafkas limanlarına çekme girişimi, Bakü petrolünü bu limanlardan dünya pazarlarına sevki ve Osmanlı sınırına yakın merkezleri askeri üs olarak tahkimi yeni bir dönemi başlatmıştır. Bölgedeki ticarî, askerî ve siyasî gelişmelere paralel olarak birçok farklı ülkeye ait konsolosluk burada faaliyet göstermeye başlamıştır. Osmanlı konsoloslukları (şehbenderlikleri) da Güney Kafkasya’da Bakü, Tiflis, Poti, Sohum, Batum, Kars gibi merkezlerde hizmete girmiştir. Osmanlı konsoloslukları, diğer ülkelerinkinden farklı olarak Kafkas göçlerinin organizasyonu ve göçmenlerin ihtiyaçlarının tespiti gibi misyonlar da üstlenmiştir.
Menyediakan Ruang Aman: Pelatihan Anti Bullying dan Pengelolaan Konflik untuk Siswa
Authors: Sarman Freddi , Nelyahardi Nelyahardi , Rasimin Rasimin , Rahmayanty Dinny , Yusra Affan
Published: November 2024

Kegiatan pengabdian ini bertujuan untuk menyediakan ruang aman bagi siswa melalui pelatihan anti-bullying dan pengelolaan konflik. Tujuan kegiatan ini meliputi: (1) meningkatkan kesadaran dan pemahaman siswa tentang bullying, (2) membangun keterampilan dalam mencegah serta melakukan intervensi terhadap kasus bullying, (3) mengembangkan keterampilan pengelolaan konflik di antara siswa untuk membantu mereka menyelesaikan perselisihan secara konstruktif dan tanpa kekerasan, serta (4) menciptakan ruang belajar yang mendukung, di mana setiap siswa merasa dihargai dan dihormati. Metode yang digunakan bersifat interaktif, dengan tahapan-tahapan yang meliputi survei pendahuluan, pemaparan konsep, pelatihan pengelolaan konflik, simulasi role-playing, diskusi kelompok, evaluasi dan tindak lanjut, serta pengembangan berkelanjutan. subjek kegiatan ini adalah siswa SMPN 53 kerinci. Hasil kegiatan ini menunjukkan peningkatan pemahaman siswa tentang bullying dan keterampilan mereka dalam menangani konflik, sehingga diharapkan dapat menciptakan lingkungan sekolah yang lebih harmonis dan bebas dari kekerasan.
Ways to increase the effectiveness of using urea
Authors: Zavalin A. A. , Sviridova L. A.
Published: November 2024

The use of prolonged nitrogen fertilizers makes it possible to reduce doses by 20–30% and the cost of their use. The use of prolonged forms of nitrogen fertilizers improves the quality of plant products by reducing their nitrate content. Various modifications of urea are used: fertilizers of prolonged action due to the weak solubility of granules, encapsulated fertilizers, fertilizers modified with urease and nitrification inhibitors, fertilizers with controlled release of nutrients, biomodified fertilizers, matrix fertilizers. The use of such fertilizers provides an increase in the nitrogen utilization rate of fertilizer by plants, reduces its gaseous losses, and increases crop yields. In addition, the use of modified forms of urea reduces the negative impact on the environment. The release of gaseous forms of nitrogen when using encapsulated urea with urease and nitrification inhibitors is 2 times slower. The efficiency of using carbamide modified with inhibitors, according to vegetation and field experiments on spring wheat, expressed in an increase in grain yield by 9–12%; the nitrogen utilization rate of fertilizers (UF) was 16–27% higher. The increase in winter wheat grain yield can be 5–21%, the nitrogen utilization factor (UF) can be 5–18% higher. The yield of corn may increase by 6–17%, and the nitrogen content of the plant may increase by 17–20%. The increase in rice yield when using carbamide with nitrification or urease inhibitors varies from 3 to 23, lettuce – 11, potatoes – 10–11%.
Influence of increasing doses of nitrogen fertilizers on the productivity of field crops and the potassium regime of sod-podzolic soil
Authors: Vasbieva M. T.
Published: November 2024

In a long-term experiment launched in 1972 on sod-podzolic heavy loamy soil, the effect of increasing doses of nitrogen fertilizers on the productivity of field crops and the potash regime of the soil was studied. The scheme of the experiment included the following options: without fertilizers, P60K60 (background), background + N30, background + N60, background + N90, background + N120. The analysis of crop yields in the 6th rotation of the crop rotation (2013–2019) showed that the most effective application for spring crops (wheat, barley, oats) was N30P60K60, for potatoes – N60P60K60. The highest yield of clover hay was noted in the P60K60 and N30P60K60 variants. The maximum productivity of an 8-field crop rotation (4.19 tons of grain/ha/year) and a payback of 1 kg of mineral fertilizers (8.7 kg of grain) was obtained by applying N30P60K60. Studies of the total potassium content, its easily exchangeable, mobile and non-exchangeable compounds in the soil were carried out at the end of the 6th rotation of the crop rotation in a layer of 0–60 cm. It was revealed that the long-term use of nitrogen fertilizers led to an increase in the mobility of potassium compounds in the soil. A significant increase in the content of easily exchangeable and mobile potassium compounds was found by 1.2–1.9 times relative to the background in layers 0–20 and 40–60 cm of soil when N60–120 was applied. With prolonged use of the N30 dose, only trends towards an increase in the content of these forms of potassium were noted, which could be the result of using a low dose or due to the maximum potassium removal by plants per rotation in this variant. The application of the maximum dose of fertilizers (N120P60K60) led to an increase in non-exchangeable potassium compounds (by 1.1 times), which may have been due to the destruction of the mineral part of the soil. A comparison of the P60K60 and N60P60K60 variants showed that the maintenance of the content of mobile potassium compounds at the initial level (1972) with the use of a complete mineral fertilizer was largely due to the influence of nitrogen fertilizers on the solubility and availability of potassium compounds. The effect of prolonged use of phosphorus-potassium fertilizers P60K60 and increasing doses of nitrogen fertilizers on the total content of potassium in sod-podzolic heavy loamy soil has not been revealed.
Control of the Wetting Ability of a Material by Local Vibration on the Interfacial Layer
Authors: Golubina E. N. , Kizim N. F.
Published: November 2024

The possibility of controlling the wetting ability of a material synthesized in the interfacial layer of a heterogeneous liquid/liquid system by local vibration has been shown. The influence of the nature of the organic acid, metal and solvent on the contact angle of the interfacial layer material adhering to various substrates was studied. It has been established that with local vibration, a material with a more ordered structure, with higher roughness and lower water content, and, as a consequence, with a higher contact angle, is synthesized. On the studied substrates, hydrophobic coatings with contact angles of 100–163° were obtained, which retained their water-repellent properties under atmospheric conditions for a long time.
Stability of Ionogels upon Contact with Water: Effect of Polymer Matrix Hydrophobicity and Ionic Liquid Solubility
Authors: Kotsov S. Yu. , Badulina A. O. , Trufanova E. A. , Taran G. S. , Baranchikov A. E. , Nelyubin A. V. , Malkova A. N. , Nikiforova M. E. , Lermontov S. A. , Ivanov V. K.
Published: November 2024

New composite materials (ionogels) have been obtained based on imidazolium ionic liquids immobilized in highly porous polymers, i.e., polyamide 6,6 (nylon 6,6) and low-density polyethylene. A method has been proposed for determining the rate of ionic liquid removal from an ionogel upon contact with water, with this method being based on continuous measuring the conductivity of an aqueous phase. The results of the conductometric measurements have been confirmed by high-performance liquid chromatography data. It has been shown that the stability of ionogels upon contact with water is determined by both the hydrophobicity of a polymer matrix and the solubility of an ionic liquid in water. The highest degree of ionic liquid removal (more than 80%) has been observed for composites based on porous polyamide 6,6 (hydrophilic matrix) and dicyanimide 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium (completely miscible with water). Ionogels based on lowdensity polyethylene (hydrophobic matrix) and bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium (poorly soluble, 1 wt %, in water) have shown the highest stability (washout degree of no more than 53% over 24 h). The method proposed for analyzing the rate of ionic liquid dissolution in water has been used to discuss the mechanism of this process.
Dynamic Surface Properties of Styrene and Hydrophobized 4-Vinylbenzyl Chloride Copolymers at the Air-Water Interface
Authors: Khrebina A. D. , Vlasov P. S. , Zorin I. M. , Lezov A. A. , Rafikova A. R. , Chelushkin P. S. , Noskov B. A.
Published: November 2024

The kinetic dependences of surface tension, dilatational dynamic surface elasticity and ellipsometric angles of solutions of copolymers of styrene and 4-vinylbenzyl chloride modified with N,N-dimethyldodecylamine, as well as the micromophology of adsorption and spread layers of this polyelectrolyte were determined. All kinetic dependences of the dynamic surface elasticity were found to be monotonic, in contrast to the results for previously studied polyelectrolyte solutions without polystyrene fragments. The peculiarities of surface properties of the studied solutions may be related to the formation of microaggregates in the surface layer, preventing the formation of loops and tails of polymer chains at the interfacial boundary, and, consequently, the decrease in surface elasticity after the local maximum. The occurrence of aggregates with sizes of 1–4 nm in the Z-direction in the surface layer is also indicated by atomic force microscopy data. The obtained results confirm the earlier conclusions about the formation of aggregates in the surface layer of polyelectrolyte solutions containing sodium polystyrene sulfonate (PSS) fragments. A two-dimensional phase transition to a denser surface phase at surface pressures of 25–30 mN/m and the formation of aggregates with a size of 40 nm in the Z-direction were found for applied polyelectrolyte layers without styrene monomers on an aqueous substrate.
ОЦІНЮВАННЯ РОЗВИТКУ КАДРОВОГО ПОТЕНЦІАЛУ ПІДПРИЄМСТВ У КОНТЕКСТІ СУЧАСНИХ ЕКОНОМІЧНИХ ВИКЛИКІВ
Authors: ПОСВАЛЮК Ольга
Published: November 2024

У статті досліджено процес оцінювання розвитку кадрового потенціалу підприємств в умовах сучасних економічних викликів та проаналізовано сучасні підходи до оцінки кадрового потенціалу, враховуючи як кількісні, так і якісні характеристики персоналу. Особливу увагу приділено визначенню критеріїв ефективності кадрового потенціалу, методам його розвитку та адаптації до змінюваних умов економічного середовища. Визначено, що в умовах невизначеності та глобальних змін, кадровий потенціал стає однією з ключових конкурентних переваг підприємства, а ефективна система оцінювання дозволяє забезпечити стійкий розвиток організації.