bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
SINIF ÖĞRETMENİ ADAYLARININ MATEMATİK OKURYAZARLIĞI ÖZ-YETERLİK DÜZEYLERİNİN İNCELENMESİ
Authors: AYVAZ CAN Asena
Published: October 2019

Bu araştırmanın amacı
sınıf öğretmeni adaylarının matematik okuryazarlığı öz-yeterlik düzeylerini
incelemektir. Araştırmada tarama modelinden yararlanılmıştır. Araştırmaya
Sakarya Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Sınıf Öğretmenliği Anabilim Dalı’nda
öğrenim gören 221 sınıf öğretmeni adayı katılmıştır. Araştırma verileri Özgen
ve Bindak (2008b) tarafından geliştirilen “Matematik Okuryazarlığı Öz-Yeterlik
Ölçeği” ile kişisel bilgi formu kullanılarak toplanmıştır. Veriler nicel veri
analiz teknikleri kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Gelecekteki öğrencilerini
matematik okuryazarı olması yönünde yetiştirmede sorumlu bir kişi olarak sınıf
öğretmeni adaylarının matematik okuryazarlığı seviyesinin orta seviyenin biraz
altında olması yeterli olarak kabul edilebilecek bir seviye değildir. Sınıf
öğretmeni adaylarının matematik okuryazarlığı öz-yeterlik düzeyleri cinsiyet,
sınıf düzeyi, akademik genel başarı not ortalaması ve matematiğe yönelik tutum
değişkenlerine göre anlamlı bir derecede farklılaştığı tespit edilmiştir. Sınıf
öğretmeni adaylarının konuları günlük hayatla ilişkilendirmelerine ve matematik
dilini kullanarak iletişim kurmalarına imkân veren öğrenme ortamları
planlanmalı ve ders içerikleri bu doğrultuda güncellenmelidir.
TÜRKİYE’DE YAŞAYAN YETİŞKİNLERİN DİSLEKSİYE İLİŞKİN BİLGİ DÜZEYLERİNİN İNCELENMESİ
Authors: SEÇKİN YILMAZ Şaziye , ERİM Ahsen
Published: October 2019

Bu çalışmada Türkiye’de yaşayan
yetişkinlerin disleksiye ilişkin bilgi düzeylerinin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır.
Genel tarama modelinde yürütülen çalışmada birinci yazar tarafından
geliştirilen “Disleksi Bilgi Düzeyi Belirleme Anketi” kullanılmıştır. Bu
ankette disleksinin tanımı, nedenleri, yaygınlığı, disleksili bireylerin
özellikleri, disleksinin tanı-terapi- tedavisi ve disleksili bireylerin okul
sonrası yaşamları ile ilgili 21 madde bulunmaktadır. Çalışmaya katılan 500
yetişkinin %18.8’i daha önce “disleksi” terimini duymadığını belirtmiştir.
“Disleksi” terimini duyduğunu belirten 406 katılımcı disleksi ile ilgili
maddeleri yanıtlamaya devam etmiştir. Verilerin analizi sonucunda
katılımcıların disleksiye ilişkin bilgi düzeylerinin oldukça düşük olduğu;
disleksiye ilişkin bilgi düzeyinin katılımcıların yaş ve eğitim düzeylerinden
etkilenmediği, kadın katılımcıların erkek katılımcılara göre disleksi konusunda
daha bilgili oldukları görülmüştür. Bulgular alanyazın ışığında tartışılmış ve
toplumda disleksi farkındalığını artırmaya yönelik yapılabilecekler konusunda öneriler
sunulmuştur.
Süreli Çocuk Yayınlarındaki Matematik Problemlerinin İncelenmesi
Authors: OKAY Şirin , İNCİKABI Lütfi
Published: October 2019

Bu
çalışmanın amacı, geçmişten günümüze yayımlanan Bilim Çocuk ve TSE Öncü Çocuk
dergilerinin matematik içeriklerini dergilerin fiziksel özellikleri, ilgili
müfredatla uyumu ve yer verilen problemlerin karakteristikleri bağlamında
analiz etmektir. Nitel doğaya sahip bu çalışmada problemlerin analizinde doküman
analizi kullanılmıştır. Araştırma kapsamında Bilim Çocuk Dergisi’nin 202
sayısı, TSE Öncü Çocuk Dergisi’nin 74 sayısı taranmış, matematiksel içerik
tespit edilen sayfaları derlenmiştir. Araştırmanın bulgularına göre, dergilerde
matematiksel içeriğe ayrılan alan toplam sayfaların %4’üne karşılık
gelmektedir. Dergilerdeki matematiksel içeriğin yarıdan fazlasının (%63)
problem türü etkinliklerde olduğu, %29’unun oyun olarak planlandığı ve sadece
%8 matematiksel makale şeklinde olduğu belirlenmiştir. Dergilerde kullanılan
görsellerin çoğunluğunun (%63) içeriğe uygun görseller olduğu fark edilmektedir.
Dergilerdeki içerik incelendiğinde problem çözme becerilerinin yer verilen
beceriler arasında ön plana çıktığı görülmektedir. Çocuk dergilerinde günlük
yaşam problemlerine günlük yaşamla ilgili olmayan problemlere oranla daha az
yer verildiği fark edilmiştir. Ayrıca problem çözme yetisi, en fazla ihtiyaç
duyulan gereklilik boyutu olarak göze çarpmıştır.
Способы анализа конкурентоспособности экспорта
Authors: Корытова Вера Сергеевна
Published: October 2019

В данной статье приведены основные инструменты и методики, позволя- ющие напрямую или косвенно оценить степень конкурентоспособности экспорта государства.
Buffer preparation for OnePot PURE cell-free system v1
Authors: Ragios Konstantinos
Published: October 2019

In this protocol we explain the procedure to create the Buffers used for Protein and Ribosome purification for the production of OnePot PURE cell-free system.
Sigmoid fitting in Excel (Excel Solver Add-In) v1
Authors: Ohgane Kenji
Published: October 2019

This protocol covers how to fit sigmoidal curve to data within Excel, and allows rapid estimation of EC50/IC50 values from experimental dose-response data. Although R or other specialized software is more suitable for detailed analyses, it is sometimes useful to perform sigmoidal fitting within Excel. Note that this is just a simplified version (only sigmoid fitting) of the protocol reported in Gerdi Kemmer & Sandro Keller (2010) Nat. Protocol 5: 267–281, and intended for routine laboratory use.
RNA extraction with PGTX v3
Authors: Berwanger Lutz
Published: October 2019

This protocol is used for RNA extraction in cyanobacteria after Pinto et al. 2009. Pinto, Fernando Lopes; Thapper, Anders; Sontheim, Wolfgang; Lindblad, Peter (2009): Analysis of current and alternative phenol based RNA extraction methodologies for cyanobacteria. In: BMC molecular biology 10, S. 79. DOI: 10.1186/1471-2199-10-79 .
Overnight Bacterial Culture v1
Authors: Balletbó Alba
Published: October 2019

This protocol describes how to grow an overnight culture of bacteria in LB (Luria-Bertani) liquid media broth.
Beyond Persuasion: Evidence Type Affects Impressions of a Message Source v1
Authors: Clark Jenna , C. Green Melanie , J. P. Simons Joseph
Published: October 2019

Persuasion research often focuses on how source characteristics affect attitude change in response to a message; however, message characteristics may also alter perceptions of the source. The Message-Based Impression Formation effect (M-BIF) suggests that perceivers use features of messages to infer characteristics of the source, and that such inferences may have a variety of consequential outcomes. In particular, the choice of narrative versus statistical evidence may have implications for the perceived warmth and competence of a source. In five experiments, narrative arguments led to greater perceptions of source warmth and statistical arguments led to greater perceptions of source competence. Across the two behavioral studies, a matching effect emerged: participants preferred to work on cooperative tasks with partners who had provided narratives, and competitive tasks with partners who had provided statistical evidence. These results suggest that the evidence type chosen for everyday communications may affect person perception and interpersonal interaction.
Influence of a single-nucleotide polymorphism of AKT1 (rs2498796) and HEY2 (rs13328928) genes on the risk of endometrial cancer in women of the Republic of Tatarstan
Authors: Gabidullina R I , Nukhbala F R , Smirnova G A , Orlova Yu I , Shakirov A A , Valeeva E V , Akhmetzyanova A F , Fakhrutdinova G R
Published: October 2019

Aim. To analyze the prevalence of different polymorphisms of AKT1 gene (rs2498796) and HEY2 gene (rs13328928) and to determine the association of revealed polymorphisms with the risk of endometrioid carcinoma in women living in the Republic of Tatarstan.

Methods. 161 female citizens of Tatarstan were enrolled. The study group included 60 patients with endometrial cancer (endometrioid carcinoma) and the control group enrolled 101 women without endometrial pathology. The age of the subjects ranged from 41 to 91 years. The single-nucleotide polymorphism of AKT1 gene (rs2498796) and HEY2 gene (rs13328928) was determined by real-time polymerase chain reaction. We ran a 2 test and evaluated the odds ratio.

Results. The risk of endometrial cancer was higher in carriers of homozygous T/T genotype of AKT1 gene (rs2498796) without statistical significance (OR=1.61, 95% CI=0.614.21, p=0.62). Homozygous C/C genotype of HEY2 gene (rs13328928) with the mutant allele C was observed in endometrial cancer group with a frequency of 0.383 and 0.287 in the control group (2=1.70, p=0.43). The risk of endometrial cancer was higher in the group of homozygous C/C genotype without statistical significance (OR=1.54, 95% CI=0.793.03, p=0.43).

Conclusion. Among 161 females citizens of the Republic of Tatarstan included into the study, the associations of the mutant alleles of AKT1 gene (rs2498796) and HEY2 gene (rs13328928) with the risk of endometrial cancer were not identified; the prevalence of alleles and genotypes was found to be comparable with the European one.
Change in muscle strength of the hand flexors, muscle-to-fat ratio and walking speed in ­middle-aged patients living in rural areas after myocardial infarction during cardiac rehabilitation
Authors: Efremushkina A A , Kozhedub Ya A , Elykomov V A
Published: October 2019

Aim. To estimate in dynamics the changes in muscle strength of hand flexors, muscle mass and gait rate in men with ischemic heart disease and myocardial infarction during cardiac rehabilitation at the outpatient polyclinic stage where daily dosed walking with individually selected frequency steps under self-control was used as a physical component.

Methods. The study included 66 men. Patients were divided into two groups comparable by age: 41 men with myocardial infarction (mean age 56.497.33 years) and 25 men with exertional angina without myocardial infarction (mean age 61.094.67 years). In all patients before and after 3 months of cardiac rehabilitation, where the physical component was represented by dosed walking, clinical and anamnestic characteristics were determined, muscle mass using bioimpedancemetry, muscle strength by wrist dynamometry, and walking speed using 6-minute walk test were measured. Statistical processing of the obtained materials was carried out by generally accepted methods.

Results. In patients with coronary heart disease and myocardial infarction, the muscle strength of the hand flexor on the right hand increased from 45.2611 daN to 46.37 daN (p=0.05) and on the left hand from 43.7811 to 43.7811 (p=0.05), absence of changes in muscle-to-fat tissue ratio 48.5 (47.7; 49.7) to 48.9 (48.5; 49.9) (p=0.08), increase in gait speed from 450 m (420; 500) to 480 m (440; 500) (p=0.05). In patients with coronary heart disease without myocardial infarction, muscle-to-fat tissue ratio decreased from 48.6 (47.7; 49.2) to 47.7 (46.5; 48.3) (p=0.04); gait speed decreased from 400 m (380; 431) to 390 m (350; 400) (p=0.05), the muscle strength of the hand flexors did not change (from 45.728.03 to 44.88 for the right hand (p=0.54) and from 42.1810 to 42.610 for the left hand (p=0.6).

Conclusion. After 3 months of cardiac rehabilitation at the outpatient polyclinic stage, patients with myocardial infarction had a positive effect reflected by muscle strength of flexors on both hands, insignificant increase of muscle mass relative to fat tissue and increase of gait speed as opposed to patients with coronary heart disease without myocardial infarction, who had a decrease in muscle strength of hand flexors, muscle-to-fat tissue ratio and gait speed during this period of time.
Knowledge, attitude and practices about exclusive breastfeeding among antenatal women
Authors: Vaidya Annal A. , Warke Himangi S.
Published: October 2019

Background: Breastmilk is considered as one of the healthiest, nutrition-rich yet least expensive method of infant feeding. It is a universally accepted fact that breastmilk meets all the nutritional demands of the new-born. There are extensive benefits of breastfeeding for the new-born as well as for the nursing mother which have been documented from time to time.Methods: A multiple-choice questionnaire was used to interview the participants during data collection.Results: Using the IBM SPSS version 20 software, descriptive analysis of the categorical variables has been presented using frequency and percentage tables. Regarding the practices about breast feeding in primigravidas, their concepts about the same have been captured in this study.Conclusions: Though the knowledge about exclusive breast feeding was not extraordinary among the participants, they had a very favourable attitude towards the same. Almost all patients were also extremely receptive and inquisitive during the session for discussion about the same.
A clinical, radiological and etiological study of neonatal pneumonia
Authors: Kobal Mallikarjun R. , Gadgi Prashant S. , Dhanwadkar Sharanabasappa S. , N. B. Ashwini Kumari
Published: October 2019

Background: Pneumonia contributes to between 7, 50,000 and 1.2 million neonatal deaths and an unknown number of stillbirths each year worldwide1. It is estimated that 3.9 million of the 10.8 million deaths in children annually worldwide occur in the first 28 days of life.2 Neonatal pneumonia can be preventable if it is diagnosed as early as possible. Early recognition and prompt management are essential for the better outcome.Aim and objective: To determine bacterial etiology of neonatal pneumonia and to study the risk factors associated with neonatal pneumonia.Methods: A prospective, descriptive study was conducted for the duration of one year from July 2014 to June 2015 in Pragna children’s Hospital, a tertiary care centre, Hyderabad, Telangana, India. A total of 100 neonates were admitted in Pragna children’s Hospital with the signs and symptoms of neonatal pneumonia. A detailed history was taken including age, obstetric history of the mother, detailed birth history including resuscitation details and gestational age assessment were evaluated.Results: Out of 100 cases, 39(39%) neonates were preterm babies and 61(61%) were term. Also found history of Prolonged Rupture of Membrane (PROM) in 22% cases, maternal fever in 18%, home deliveries in 14% and foul smelling liquor in 18%. Out of 100 cases, 51 (51%) cases had positive finding in Chest X-Ray for neonatal pneumonia and 57(57%) had pneumonia with septicemia. Out of 100 cases, 9% of cases are positive for Coagulase negative staphylococcus (CONS), 5% for Klebsiella pneumonia, 2% for Pseudomonas aeroginosa and the remaining 84% of the cases had no growth for any organism.Conclusions: Major predisposing factors included PROM, foul smelling liquor, maternal fever, and home deliveries. CONS was the commonest organism isolated in blood culture.
Transient leukaemia of Down syndrome in a neonate: case report
Authors: Bhaisara, Baraturam , Korday Charusheela , Wade Minal , Chunchu Chandra Kiran , Modi Priyanka , Singh Dinesh Kumar
Published: October 2019

Transient leukemia of Down syndrome(TL-DS)  or transient myeloproliferative disorder (TMD) or transient abnormal myelopoiesis (TAM) is a hematologic abnormality characterized by an uncontrolled proliferation of myeloblasts in peripheral blood and bone marrow which characteristically affects newborns and babies with Down syndrome. Children with Down syndrome (Trisomy 21) have a unique predisposition to develop myeloid leukemia of Down syndrome(ML-DS). In majority of cases of TL-DS, the GATA1 mutant clone goes into spontaneous remission without the need for chemotherapy. However, 10-20 % of neonates with TL-DS and silent TL-DS subsequently develop ML-DS in the first 5 years of life due to additional oncogenic mutations acquired by the persistent GATA1 mutant cells. We present here, one such case of Down syndrome with TL-DS in a neonate.
OSMANLI MAHKEMESİ: TRABZON ÖRNEĞİNDE (1557-1558)
Authors: KAVAKLI KUNDAKÇI Sibel
Published: October 2019

Osmanlı Devleti’nin en önemli kaza merkezlerinden biri
Trabzon’dur. Trabzon kazasında kurulan mahkemenin tarihi mevcut kaynaklara göre
1557 yılına kadar geriye götürülebilmektedir. Bu çalışma, 1557-1558 tarihleri
için Trabzon mahkemesi özelinde XVI. yüzyıldaki bir Osmanlı mahkemesini konu
almaktadır. Çalışmada mahkeme görevlisi olarak kadı ve kadının bağımsızlığı,
mahkemenin aleniliği ile birlikte muha-kemeye katılanlar, mahkeme görevlileri,
yeri, mahkemenin çalışma düzeni ile mah-keme salonu kuralları değerlendirilerek
bu konular üzerinden Osmanlı mahkemesinin işleyişine açıklık getirilmeye
çalışılacaktır. Yine sözü edilen yıllar içinde Trabzon mahkemesinde görülen
davalar işlenerek davalar, konusuna göre sınıflandırılacaktır. Çalışmada
kadının taraflar hakkında karar almasında etkili olan ispat vasıtalarından
şahitlik, kefillik ve ikrar üzerinde durularak yine davalarla ilgili olarak
vekillik hak-kında bilgiler verilecektir.
İKTİSADİ-SİYASİ İLİŞKİLER ETKİLEŞİMİ ÇERÇEVESİNDE TÜRKİYE-RUSYA FEDERASYONU İLİŞKİLERİ (1992-2000)
Authors: BAŞARAN Ali
Published: October 2019

İktisadi ilişkiler
para ile ölçülebilen ilişkilerdir. Siyasi ilişkiler egemenliğin kazanılması,
kullanılması, korunmasından oluşur. İki ülke ilişkilerini incelerken iktisadi
ilişkileri siyasi ilişkilerden yalıtıp, ayrıştırıp aralarındaki etkileşimi göz
ardı etmek yanılgılara yol açar. Araştırma Türkiye-Rusya ilişkilerinin Yeltsin
dönemini (1992-2000) kapsamaktadır. Ekonomik ilişkiler siyasi ilişkilerden
ayrılarak analiz edilirse, Yeltsin döneminin Türkiye-RF ilişkilerinin
anlaşılamadığı iddia edilmekte, iki ilişki türü arasında etkileşim olduğu
varsayılmaktadır.Yeltsin döneminin ilişkilerini anlamak için, iki tür ilişki
arasındaki etkileşim göz ardı edilmemelidir.Siyasi ve iktisadi ilişki türlerinin y ve x eksenindeki konumu 1992-2000
yılları için işaretlenmiştir. Herhangi iki ülke arası ilişkilerde siyasi
ilişkiler y ekseninde pozitif (+) yöne seyrederken, iktisadi ilişkilerin ise x
ekseninde (+) yöne ilerlemesi beklenir. Türkiye-Rusya siyasi ilişkileri y
ekseninde negatif (-) yöne döndüğü tarihlerde, iktisadi ilişkiler etkilenmekle
beraber siyasi ilişkilerin negatif (-) yönde ilerlemesinin hızını dizginlediği
bulunmuştur. Sonuç olarak herhangi iki ülke arasında x ekseninde pozitif (+)
yönde ilerleyen iktisadi ilişkiler, siyasi ilişkilerin y ekseninde negatif (-)
yönde ivmelenmesini sınırlar. Herhangi iki ülke arasında hacmi ve çeşidi
arttırılan iktisadi ilişkiler barışa katkı sağlar. Bu nedenle iki ülke arasında
barışa erişme ve barışın sürdürülmesi için iktisadi ilişkilerin hacim ve
türlerinin çoğaltılması politikası devreye sokulabilir.
TÜRK BASIN TARİHİNİN İLK KADIN YÜZLERİNDEN: SABİHA ZEKERİYA SERTEL
Authors: TÜRK Emine Bilgehan
Published: October 2019

1895’te Selanik’te doğan Sabiha Sertel, gazeteciliği
meslek olarak edinen ilk kadın yazarlardandır. Bir basın ailesi olan Serteller,
Yeni Felsefe, Büyük Mecmua, Resimli Hafta, Resimli Ay, Sevimli Ay, Sevimli
Mecmua, Yarım Ay gibi birçok derginin, 1938- 1945 yılları arasında da Tan
gazetesinin Türk basın hayatında yer almalarına vesile olmuşlardır. Sabiha
Zekeriya Yeni Felsefe dışındaki bütün dergilerde ve Tan gazetesinde yazar
olarak hem kendi adıyla hem de müstearlarıyla yer almış, eşinin mahkûmiyet
yıllarında da dergilerin basın faaliyetlerini üstlenmiştir. Dergi yazılarında daha çok kadın eğitimi, sosyal haklar,
evlilik ve evliliğe dair problemler gibi konularda görüşlerini “Sabiha Sertel
ve Cici Anne” imzasıyla yazmıştır. Dergilerde “Münîre Handan” müstearıyla da
Sabiha Sertel’in kadın ve problemlerini konu edinen hikâyeleri yer alır.

Bu çalışmada Türk basın tarihinin kadın imzalarından Sabiha Zekeriya
Sertel’in Selanik’te başlayıp Bakü’de sonlanan biyografisi, Türk basın
tarihinde yer alışı, yazılarında kadın sorunlarına getirdiği tespit ve çözüm
yolları ele alınacak, hikâyelerinde kadın problemlerini hayattan kurguya
taşıyışı ve bu konudaki tespitleri değerlendirilmeye çalışılacaktır.
BARTIN MUTFAK KÜLTÜRÜ İÇERİSİNDE TATLILARIN YERİ VE ÖNEMİ ÜZERİNE NİTEL BİR ÇALIŞMA
Authors: ÇOŞAN Dilek , SEÇİM Yılmaz
Published: October 2019

Toplumların yemek alışkanlığı tarihsel bir süreçle ortaya çıkmaktadır. Bu süreç içerisinde oluşan yemek kültürü toplumun genel yapısını yansıtmaktadır. Ancak dönemler içerisinde oluşan yemek kültüründe kayıplar meydana gelmektedir. Bu yüzden yapılan yemeklerin kayıt altına alınması önem taşımaktadır. Bu çalışmada Bartın il, ilçe ve köylerinde yaşayan 45 yaş üstü kadınlarla görüşmeler gerçek-leştirilmiştir. Görüşmelerde Bartın iline özgü tatlılar hakkında bilgiler kaynak kişilerden bilgi alınmıştır. Tatlıların içerisinde kullanılan malzemeler ve tatlının üretim metodu hakkında bilgiler toplanmıştır. Toplanan bu bilgiler sonucunda bölgede özellikle baklava türü şerbetli çeşitlerinin yapıldığı belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca sütlü tatlılarda bol miktarda bulunmaktadır. Bölgenin önemli tatlıları arasında höşmerim, un helvası, nişasta helvası ve kabak böreği tatlısı da katılımcılar tarafından bildirilmiştir. Katılımcıların anlattıkları tatlıların birçoğunu günümüzde de yapmaya devam ettikleri ancak bazılarının neredeyse tamamen unutulduğunu bildirmişlerdir. Mutfak kültürlerinin yaşatılabilmesi için kayıt altına alınması önem taşımaktadır. Çalışmanın amacı, unutulmaya yüz tutmuş bölge tatlılarının belirlenerek turizme kazandırılması ve farklı bölgelerle olan benzerlik ve farklılıkların tespit edilmesidir.
CANİK VE GÖÇ 1800-1923
Authors: KÜÇÜKTÜRK Samet
Published: October 2019

İnsanlar tarih boyunca savaş gibi yapay ya da kıtlık, kuraklık gibi doğal süreçlerden dolayı yaşadıkları bölgelerden ayrılmak zorunda kalmışlardır. Bireyin iradesiyle ya da iradesi dışında gerçekleşebilen göç hem insan açısından hem de coğrafi açıdan değişime ve çeşitliliğe neden olan bir olayı teşkil etmektedir. Göçün ekonomik, sosyal, siyasal ve kültürel alanda birçok etkisi bulunmakla beraber insanlar üzerinde psikolojik anlamda da ciddi tahribata yol açtığı bilinmektedir. Bu anlamda çeşitli etkilerin sebep olduğu ve çeşitli etkilere sebep olan göç olgusunun her daim araştırılma ve incelenmelere konu olmuş akademik ve bilimsel çalışmaların gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bu bağlamda Canik ve Göç adlı eser hem göç kavramının bölge ve coğrafyaya etkilerinin incelenmesi hem de Karadeniz’in önemli şehirlerinden birisi olan Samsun’un Canik ilçesinde yaşanan göç hareketlerinin ortaya konulması açısından ehemmiyet arz etmektedir. Canik ve Göç adlı eser Ondokuz Mayıs Üniversitesi Fen-Edebiyat Fakültesi, Tarih Bölümü Yakınçağ Tarihi Anabilim Dalı Öğretim Üyesi Prof. Dr. Nedim İpek tarafından bilim dünyasına kazandırılmıştır. Eserin müellifinin yakınçağ tarihi açısından önemli bir araştırma alanı olan Balkanlar ile ilgili çalışmaları, göç ve nüfus hareketlerine dair kıymetli eserleri bulunmakla beraber, yerel tarih açısından da zengin bir akademik çalışma geçmişi mevcuttur
TÜRKİYE’DE GAYRİMÜSLİMLERİN YÖNETİMİ
Authors: ERAY BİBER Tuğba
Published: October 2019

İstanbul Üniversitesi, Edebiyat Fakültesi Tarih Bölümü’nde öğretim üyesi olan Doç. Dr. Ramazan Erhan Güllü’nün azınlıklar üzerine birçok çalışması bulunmaktadır. Güllü’nün tanıtım yazımıza konu olan söz konusu eserinin bazı kısımları, yazarın önceden yayımlanmış ve yeniden gözden geçirilerek kitaba eklenmiş çalışmalarından oluşmaktadır. Bu bölümler kitabın bütünlüğünü tamamlamak için önemli kısımlardır. Eserde; önsöz, giriş, altı ana bölüm, sonuç, kaynakça ve ekler kısımları bulunmaktadır. Eser içinde konu ile ilgili resim, fotoğraf ve belgelere de yer verilmiştir.
Crítica à máxima parcial da “necessidade” de Robert Alexy a partir da ideia de “políticas” de Ronald Dworkin
Authors: Theodoro Marcelo Antonio , Possignolo André Trapani Costa
Published: October 2019

O artigo traz críticas à máxima parcial da “necessidade” constante na segunda etapa da “regra da proporcionalidade” desenvolvida por Robert Alexy a partir das ideias de “política” de Ronald Dworkin e, complementarmente, da “fórmula do peso” do próprio Robert Alexy. Assim, o trabalho aborda a questão da discricionariedade legislativa e da amplitude do controle judicial das leis, o que é relevante em tempos de destacado ativismo judicial. Além disso, a contraposição permite uma exposição e diferenciação das ideias de ambos os autores. Para isso, o texto, que segue o método dialético, apresenta a “regra da proporcionalidade” em suas três etapas da “adequação”, “necessidade” e “proporcionalidade em sentido estrito”, bem como a “fórmula do peso”, por meio da qual essa última se perfaz; também apresenta os conceitos de “regras”, “princípios” e “políticas” de Ronald Dworkin e, a partir disso, traça as críticas à máxima parcial da “necessidade”. Os principais resultados encontrados apontam que a etapa da “necessidade” não é juridicamente exigível, mas constitui “questão de política”, o que possibilita a conclusão de que o controle judicial da lei pode ser feito com base na “fórmula do peso”, impedindo a edição de leis desproporcionais em sentido estrito, mas que a eleição da medida menos gravosa é uma questão política.
Transversal Connections: The Cervantes Quatercentenary in Spain and its Comparison with “Shakespeare Lives”
Authors: Gregor Keith
Published: October 2019

Taking as its cue the 2016 quatercentenaries of the deaths of both Shakespeare and Cervantes, the essay offers some insights into the “transversal connections” between both events as celebrated in Spain and the UK. The questions it raises and attempts to resolve are fourfold: (1) What are the reasons and also the benefits of yoking together two such apparently disparate authors, whose strongest link is, arguably, the fact they both passed away in 1616? (2) What work is being done to restore these writers to life, especially in schools where, for a variety of reasons, literature has lost its core-curricular status, and in general society where the classics seem to have less and less import? (3) What might Shakespeare or Cervantes be said to stand for in their respective cultures, both in terms of the genres they wrote in (it is often forgotten, for instance, that Cervantes was also a poet and a dramatist) and the extra-literary values they are said to transmit? (4) What is the role of the State in the safeguarding and promotion of the nation’s cultural heritage?
“I fear I am not in my perfect mind.” Jan Klata’s King Lear and the Crisis of Europe
Authors: Cieślak Magdalena
Published: October 2019

In his Shakespearean productions Jan Klata tends to radically experiment with sets, texts, and contexts. He puts the plays in culturally and politically specific locations, experiments with bi- or multilingual productions, and incorporates other texts into the Shakespearean frame. In this way, he uses Shakespeare as a means to address contemporary problems and tensions that are vital for his geopolitical reality, exploring the issues of national identities, the cultural legacy of Europe and its nations, as well as past conflicts and present crises. Klata’s King Lear (Narodowy Teatr Stary, Kraków, 2014), set in the religious context of the Catholic Church and using mostly Polish language, with only decorative additions in foreign languages, does not engage in European politics with the same directness and force as his earlier productions. And yet, as I wish to argue, this performance is also strongly concerned with European identity, and may, therefore, be seen as a valid voice in the discussion on how Shakespearean productions help to understand our current-day reality.
Using the Medicine Wheel Model to Study Polycystic Ovary Syndrome in American Indian Women
Authors: Carron Rebecca , Kooienga Sarah , Gilman-Kehrer Esther , Alvero Ruben , Boyle Diane K.
Published: October 2019

Developing a nursing research project with American Indian tribes and navigating the institutional review board approval process can appear daunting to investigators because of tribal research requirements in addition to academic requirements. Nurse investigators conducted a research project exploring experiences of American Indian women with polycystic ovary syndrome. After successful implementation of the project, a model emerged to guide researchers working with tribal communities through project development and the institutional review board process. The model is based on the American Indian medicine wheel with each quadrant aligned with a season of the year: spring, summer, fall, and winter. The seasonal approach divides project development into sections that can be developed independently or simultaneously. The model emphasizes collaborative relationships between the research team and tribe. Researchers can adapt and customize the model for their projects based on their objectives and targeted populations. The purpose of this article is to describe the medicine wheel model and, as an exemplar, demonstrate application of the model in a project involving American Indian women with polycystic ovary syndrome. Additionally, potential implications of the model for nursing research, education, and practice are presented.
Factores relacionados con la elección de la especialidad en Medicina
Authors: Miyahira Juan
Published: October 2019

.
Antibiotic resistance profiles of Staphylococci of animal and human origin
Authors: Smaali Saoussene
Published: October 2019

The emergence of multidrug-resistant bacteria in animals and their products has highlighted the considerable value of the potential transfer of resistance to the human population via the food chain. The objective of this work was to study the antibiotic resistance profile of staphylococci of human and animal origin and to compare the two profiles in order to define an effective therapeutic and preventive strategy. This work was carried out on a set of 97 strains of staphylococci isolated from animal and human biological liquids. The isolation and identification was done by conventional methods. The determination of the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) was studied by the reference method (dilution in agar medium) and VITEK 2® with respect to eight (8) antibiotic molecules. The results were interpreted according to the ACFSM criteria (2001). The results showed higher resistance of human bacteria to penicillin (72.22% vs. 30.23%) erythromycin (50% vs. 18.6%) and gentamicin (33.33% vs. 9.3%) compared to animal bacteria. On the other hand, the resistance to fosfomycin of staphylococci of animal origin was higher (60.46%) compared to human strains (38.89%). Indeed, it seems that vancomycin and rifampicin are the antibiotics of choice against these pathogenic strains in veterinary and human medicine.
A Plot for Sustainability – The Sustainable Development Goals as A Narrative
Authors: Obura David O.
Published: October 2019

The Sustainable Development Goals, while complex at first sight, express a simple narrative about the relationships between people and nature. This paper illustrates this in the context of a coral reef land or seascape supporting coastal people. Coral reefs, their health described by measures of coral and fish diversity and abundance, provide key services and benefits to people. These services directly support 10s of millions of jobs in multiple economic sectors in coastal and distant states, protect and harbor communities and cities across tropical coastlines, sustain use of living and non-living resources, provide transport infrastructure and valuable natural products, and in future may provide energy solutions. Through these multiple benefits, coral reefs contribute to reducing hunger and poverty, thus improving health, and potentially strengthening gender and social equality. However, access and use result in pressures that may drive decline in coral reef health. Broader land and seascape factors also affect reef health, including land-use change and altered freshwater flows, as well as climate change. Managing this complex system requires appropriate awareness and knowledge, governance mechanisms and investments by stakeholders. This narrative can be used from local to global levels, motivating actions and policy at and across these scales to sustain ecosystem function and use, for the oceans what is also increasingly called a blue economy.
Enterovirus 71 Represses Interleukin Enhancer Binding Factor 2 Production and Nucleus Translocation to Antagonize ILF2 Antiviral Effects
Authors: Jin Jing , Wang Wenbiao , Ai Sha , Zhang Qi , Wu Kailang , Liu Yingle , Wu Jianguo
Published: October 2019

Enterovirus 71 (EV71) infection hand-foot-mouth disease (HFMD), meningoencephalitis, neonatal sepsis, and even fatal encephalitis in children, thereby representing a serious public health hazard. It is important to determine the mechanisms underlying the regulation of EV71 infection. In this study, we initially reveal that the interleukin enhancer binding factor 2 (ILF2) down-regulates EV71 50% tissue culture infective dose (TCID50), attenuates EV71 plaque formation unit (PFU), thereby repressing EV71 infection. Moreover, we reveal a distinct mechanism by which EV71 antagonizes ILF2-mediated antiviral effects. Chip data analyses show that ILF2 mRNA is reduced upon EV71 infection. Cellular studies indicate that EV71 infection represses ILF2 mRNA expression and protein production in human leukemic monocytes (THP-1) differentiated macrophages and in human rhabdomyosarcoma (RD) cells. Additionally, EV71 non-structural protein 2B interacts with ILF2 in human embryonic kidney (HEK293T) cells. Interestingly, in the presence of EV71 2B, ILF2 is translocated from the nucleus to the cytoplasm and co-localizes with 2B in the cytoplasm. Therefore, we reveal a distinct mechanism by which EV71 antagonizes ILF2-mediated antiviral effects by inhibiting ILF2 expression and promoting ILF2 translocation from the nucleus to cytoplasm through its 2B protein.
Impact of Hospital Readmissions Reduction Program Penalties on Hip and Knee Replacement Readmissions
Authors: Thirukumaran Caroline P. , McGarry Brian E. , Glance Laurent G. , Ying Meiling , Ricciardi Benjamin F. , Cai Xueya , Li Yue
Published: October 2019

Background:

Little is known about the impact of the U.S. Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services’ Hospital Readmissions Reduction Program (HRRP) expansion to include readmissions following elective primary total hip and knee replacements; the expansion was finalized in 2013 and was implemented in 2014. We examined whether hospitals at risk of relatively large penalties from this expansion experienced greater declines in joint replacement readmissions compared with hospitals at risk of smaller penalties.

Methods:

We used Medicare’s 2009 to 2016 Hospital Compare data sets to examine the impact of the HRRP’s expansion in the July 2013 to June 2016 period (post-expansion) compared with the July 2009 to June 2012 period (pre-expansion). The primary outcome was the hospital-level, 30-day, risk-standardized readmission rate (hereafter called the readmission rate) following joint replacement surgical procedures. We used the percentage of a hospital’s total inpatient revenue attributed to Medicare (categorized into quartiles) to represent the risk of penalties. We used hierarchical linear regression models to examine the adjusted impact of the HRRP’s expansion.

Results:

Our study cohort included 2,326 acute care hospitals. In the pre-HRRP expansion phase, the mean readmission rate was 5.36% among hospitals with the highest proportion of Medicare revenues (quartile 4) and 5.46% among hospitals with the lowest proportion of Medicare revenues (quartile 1). With the HRRP expansion, the readmission rate declined by 18.92% (1.01 percentage points) among quartile-4 hospitals and by 17.97% (0.98 percentage point) among quartile-1 hospitals (p = 0.45). This nonsignificant difference in readmission rate declines between quartiles persisted in multivariable analysis (a decline of 18.41% [0.98 percentage point] in quartile 4 and a decline of 17.35% [0.94 percentage point] in quartile 1; p = 0.35).

Conclusions:

The HRRP’s expansion to include joint replacements did not lead to greater reductions in postoperative readmissions among hospitals at risk of larger penalties in comparison with hospitals at risk of smaller penalties. Readmission rates were declining at similar rates among all hospitals, before and after the HRRP’s expansion.

Clinical Relevance:

Readmissions and complications following joint replacements are measures of the quality of surgical care. These events have important clinical and economic implications for patients and providers. This study is clinically relevant because it examines whether policy interventions, such as the HRRP, have the potential to reduce these unintended consequences of surgical care.
EARLIEST PETROXESTES BORINGS FROM SANDBIAN (EARLIEST LATE ORDOVICIAN) BRYOZOANS OF NORTHERN ESTONIA
Authors: VINN OLEV , WILSON MARK A. , TOOM URSULA
Published: October 2019

The earliest Petroxestes borings were excavated in large trepostome bryozoans in the Sandbian (earliest Late Ordovician) of Estonia. The Estonian specimens are morphologically similar to the type material from the later Katian of North America. Petroxestes pera is rare in the Sandbian of Estonia and occurs only in biogenic hard substrates. Petroxestes borings occur in muddy environments that were preferred by macroborers in the Hirnantian and early Silurian of North America. It is possible that muddy environments supported higher bioerosion intensities and higher diversity of bioerosional traces in the shallow epicontinental seas of the Late Ordovician. The discovery of Petroxestes in the Sandbian of Estonia supports the idea that there was an earliest Late Ordovician peak in the diversification of borings in Baltica. It is possible that there was a migration of bioerosional trace makers from Baltica to Laurentia in the Late Ordovician.
The Role of Pressure Observation and Pressure Transient Analysis in Changing the Geological Concept of Mature Oil Field
Authors: Mukanov Adil , Aldazhar Aibek
Published: October 2019

The field of interest was discovered in late eightees. The main productive zone 1 obtained oil. The reservoir 2 is uplift basement located in the center of the field, to which reservoir 1 is pinched out and confined to reservoir 2 from east and west. The reservoir 1 has a gas cap and production is characterized by high GOR with no signs of any decline despite the long production period.

Therefore, all the available information of geology, production and pressure transient analysis were reviewed. There has been no production from the basement and just one well has been observing reservoir pressures for last ten years. These data were plotted bringing to unexpected result. The plot showed stable declining trend. So, there was a question – how does it happen when pressures are continuously decreasing while there is no production from the reservoir 2? Thus, gas sampling was performed on all three parts, pressure buildup and interference tests were conducted, geological data were reviewed and analyzed.

After completion of the works, the following results were obtained. PVT analysis indicates similar properties of gas from all three wells. However, the most important fact is that the results of interference test proved obvious pressure communication between wells in the reservoir 1 and 2. In addition, analysis of geological data also does not exclude the possibility of the communication. As the result, a conclusion that the two reservoirs could be one reservoir is drawn up. It is assumed that the main channels for interconnection are fractures, since the formation 2 is metamorphic reservoir with fracture network.

Reservoir pressure monitoring and pressure transient analysis became main factors and source of valuable information for changing the geological model of the field. Once again the importance of the pressure transient analysis is proved to be applicable not only by reservoir engineers but also by geologists. Eventually, the main results of the study influenced on the entire development strategy of the mature field.
Evaluation of Vertical Fracture Propagation Using Combined Spectral Noise Logging and High Precision Temperature Logging Data in a Low Permeability Sandstone Reservoir, Western Kaz
Authors: Yeleussinov Doszhan , Bekmagambetov Dinmukhammed , Crabb Ivan , Berdimuratov Alen , Nagimov Vener , Zhumekeshov Aman , Makashev Azamat , Makarov Dmitry
Published: October 2019

Hydrocarbon production from low permeability heterogeneous clastic reservoirs consisting of a sequence of thin, interbedded sand and shale laminations is challenging. Hydraulic fracturing is essential to achieve good production rates. An understanding of fracture geometry is very important for optimal reservoir management and development. This paper describes the application of an advanced logging system to evaluate near-wellbore vertical fracture properties.

Conventional production logging focusing primarily on wellbore flow geometry such as perforation and behind casing flow through poor cement may not adequately evaluate fracture properties due to a limited radius of investigation. To overcome this, a campaign using an advanced logging system containing spectral acoustic and high precision temperature measurements to evaluate near-wellbore fracture flow distribution was implemented. The main feature of this logging technique is the ability to scan the active flow behind the casing a few meters from the wellbore. The reservoir flow profile is assessed by temperature modelling enabling differentiation of the different flow regimes and inflow contributions.

Two vertical water injection wells hydraulically fractured into the low permeability clastic reservoir were logged. Vertical fracture geometry was precisely determined for each case and reservoir injection profile determined based on temperature modelling. Detailed pre-job modelling was necessary to define the logging program including optimal flowing and shut-in regimes. This enabled improved efficiency and accuracy when interpreting the results. The results enabled the determination of any out of zone injected volumes. This study revealed new insights in evaluating fracture geometry that can then be applied to reconcile post-job fracture modelling and improve reservoir management and water flood optimization.
The Heaviest and Longest 13 3/8 Full-String Casing Run in the Caspian Sea Region
Authors: Akbarli Elchin , ismayilov Elshan , Masalmah Mohammad
Published: October 2019

The Bulla gas-condensate reservoir is a high pressure and deep water reservoir which is located in the north-west site of Baku Archipelago. In the past 2 years, two wells have been drilled to the VIII horizon and have been delivered successfully to the client. While drilling Well 2, a 13 3/8" intermediate casing string was run to a depth of 5093m. It was registered as the heaviest and longest 13 3/8" full-string casing in the Caspian Sea region. The objective of this paper is to share the experience of running this intermediate casing string in the Bulla reservoir and to discuss how improved well design programs can reduce the cost significantly and eliminate well-related risks associated with two-stage casing running operations.

It is very complicated and challenging to run long section casings in one run, especially when accompanied with swelling shale geological formations. Furthermore, this was accompanied by extremely heavyweight and increased equivalent circulating density (ECD) and drag. The operation was pushing the boundaries of previous drilling operations in the Caspian Sea. However, the drilling contractor company managed to overcome all these challenges by using detailed engineering calculations and selecting the most appropriate rig configuration in advance. It was achieved by using conventional casing running operations along with advanced technologies and by applying the best practices to prevent further possible problems.

A 13 3/8" full-string casing was successfully run in the first well (Well 1) to a depth of 4938m, and in the second well (Well 2) to a depth of 5093m which were registered as new weight records for the Caspian Sea Region. Totally, 66 hours were needed to complete the running operations for the second Well. Usually, that casing string would be run in two stages using liner hanger and therefore, it would create technical complexity and difficulty. This technological complexity brings its own risks, compromises, and problems. By implementing engineering approaches, the two-stage casing running operation was substituted with a simpler and more effective design. The conventional casing running technique reduces the number of casing running operations, and the target depth was reached with the optimal and the most economic well construction design.

The results and conclusions of this paper will help well design engineers to simplify well construction, to use a smaller number of casing strings, and to reduce the risks and technological complexities associated with multi-stage casing running operations.
Cement Evaluation with New Generation Ultrasonic Tool in Multiple Casings Increases Operational Efficiency in Tengiz Field, Kazakhstan
Authors: Ayazov Zhalgasbek , Se Yegor , Timonin Andrey
Published: October 2019

Cement evaluation with wireline tools across two different casing sizes is cost-effective and time efficient, but also quite challenging. The acquired data quality, especially across the larger casing, is often affected by the tool eccentricity and poor signal-to-noise ratio due to severe attenuation of acoustic signal by the mud. New ultrasonic technology is required to acquire reliable data for cement evaluation, necessary to assure long-term well integrity and guide operational decision-making processes during well execution.

In this paper, authors discussed several case studies, where high quality cement bond data was acquired across both 7-inch liner and 9.875-inch casing in 17.3 ppg oil-based mud in a single wireline descent by using new generation ultrasonic transducers.

Drilling campaign in the Tengiz Field was restarted in 2012 and reached its peak in 2019. The majority of the wells in the new drilling campaign utilized fit-for-purpose (FFP) well design with long production casing section, which consisted of 9.875-inch casing to the top of the Kungurian Salt and a 7-inch × 7.25-inch liner to the top of the reservoir. Both sections required cement evaluation to guide operational decision-making processes and comply with regulatory requirements.

In the past, cement quality evaluation was performed with standard ultrasonic tool, logged across 7-inch liner and 9.875-inch casing in a single descent. However, heavy mud weight (17.3 ppg) required to drill the salt section caused strong attenuation of the acoustic signal, resulting in poor log quality and unreliable cement evaluation.

The new ultrasonic tool with new generation transducers was successfully introduced in several wells. Comparison of results for cement evaluation with standard and new generation ultrasonic tools showed significant improvement in data quality for both 7-inch and 9.875-inch tubulars in wells filled with 17.3 ppg oil-based muds. Acquired data allowed confident evaluation of cement quality, as well as assessment of the cement contamination level and casing centricity. Reliable cement evaluation expedited operational decisions and clearly identified existing issues. The findings from the cement evaluation supported changes in the cementing design, which led to improved well reliability and integrity. Moreover, cement evaluation in two casings in a single descent saves ~12 hours of rig time per well, enabling significant efficiency gain and cost savings from ongoing drilling operations.

This paper summarizes TCO experience with the use of new generation transducers for cement evaluation, compares results between standard and new generation transducers and provides examples how acquired cement evaluation data impacted operational decisions and cementing practices.