bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comportamiento agonista en Cavia porcellus macho en un contexto de hacinamiento
Authors: Vicuña-Arévalo Eduardo Xavier , Reiván-Ortiz Geovanny Genaro , Maxi-Maxi Edwin Alberto , Martínez-Suárez Pedro Carlos
Published: August 2022

El presente estudio se concentra en la conducta animal (CA), específicamente en la conducta agresiva del Cavia porcellus, conocido coloquialmente como cuy. A la conducta se la puede entender como la forma en que los individuos se comportan en su vida, siempre en relación a su entorno, y éstos a su vez, se presentan como resultado de los estímulos externos. El estudio puede contribuir al avance de líneas investigativas en el campo del estudio de la CA. El estudio concluye que únicamente existe diferencia en la agresividad en relación a la variable “muestra dientes”. Los resultados encontrados pueden ayudar a tener un manejo adecuado de los animales en el proceso de experimentación, permitiendo a los investigadores extender el área referente al estudio de la conducta, sus causales, consecuentes y los procesos de comportamiento animal.
Validación de la teoría del aprendizaje de Juan Enrique Azcoaga con ratones CD-1 mediante observación directa: Aprendizaje fisiológico
Authors: Carreño-Salinas Tatiana , Martínez-Suárez Pedro , Reiván-Ortiz Geovanny , Maxi-Maxi Edwin Alberto
Published: August 2022

El aprendizaje es considerado un proceso que afecta la conducta y comportamiento humano y animal, es decir, la modifica y reorganiza. Los ratones de la cepa CD-1 tienen características genéticas, fisiológicas y conductuales similares a la de los humanos, con la diferencia de que las personas tienen un proceso cognitivo, que permiten la realización de experimentos altamente controlados, debido a esto se han preferido ratas y ratones para ejecutar diversos estudios científicos. Este artículo, tiene como objetivo validar mediante una investigación de observación directa la Teoría del Aprendizaje de Juan Enrique Azcoaga (JEA). En Latinoamérica, JEA se considera como precursor de la Neuropsicología por sus grandes aportes en las bases bilógicas del aprendizaje. Para esta investigación se utilizó el método pre-experimental de laboratorio, a través de tareas de elaboración propia con los Dispositivos Básicos del Aprendizaje (DBA), actividades realizadas de forma aleatoria, a dos ratones de la cepa CD-1, una hembra y un macho. Así mismo, este trabajo según el estado del conocimiento y el alcance de los resultados son de tipo Explicativa Observacional, posee un diseño ideográfico puntual, multidimensional, interseccional y de seguimiento, presenta muestreo de intervalos fijos, con registros discontinuos y análisis secuencial cualitativo de retardos. Los resultados evidenciaron que, en los tres dispositivos básicos del aprendizaje realizados (10 del DBA-Fásica, 10 DBA-Sensopercepción y 10 del DBA-Habituación) de acuerdo a los conceptos de cada DBA y las observaciones, se logró validar la teoría de JEA en animales.
Motorization Rate Resulting in a Road Traffic Accident an Epidemiological Audit of Injuries and Factors in the Medium-Scaled Cities of Punjab, Pakistan
Authors: Ali Nadir , Sajid Sadaf , Arshad Fatima , Ahmad Usama , Naveed Humza
Published: August 2022

Background: Motor vehicles are increasing exponentially day by day all over the world with a global increasing prevalence of road traffic accidents. This situation of mass motorization has affected developing countries like Pakistan as well. Due to a lack of popper legislation and implementation of the law, the RTA situation is worse and requires proper research of epidemiological factors and medico-legal evaluation of injuries. Purpose: To see the pattern of RTA injuries and various epidemiological factors influencing them in the medium-scaled city like Sargodha, Gujranwala, Sialkot, and Gujarat Punjab, Pakistan. Study design: It is a retrospective study to evaluate and assess the pattern, severity, and epidemiological factors concerning RTA injuries and their medico-legal relationship during four years period from 2016 to 2019 in the medium-scaled cities of Punjab, Pakistan. Nearly 300 cases were selected to get information on predesigned Performa from Hospital records of DHQ Teaching Hospitals of Sargodha, Gujranwala, Sialkot, and Gujarat. Method and materials: After collecting data on designed Performa, the information was collected about epidemiological factors, type of injuries, the pattern of injury, outcome of injury, and medico-legal outcome for furthering justice. A descriptive statistical method was applied for the analysis and evaluation of collected data. Furthermore, standard deviation, F-statistics, and Chitest p-value were also applied to see the association of epidemiological factors with RTA injuries. Results: In a total of 300 cases of road traffic accidents, the average age was found 28.5years of age with gender male in most of the cases (86%). The 15-35 years age group was identified in more than 70 % of cases with the majority of accidents being motorcyclists with pillion riders and pedestrians. The majority of victims suffered RTA injuries while crossing the roads and constituted 30.66 % of all the cases followed by the victims passing by the side of roads with 24 %. The head and neck injuries were the most affected in most of these cases followed by extremities injuries. Conclusion: Motorcyclists with pillion riders were mostly involved in road traffic accidents. Males in the age group 20-30 years were the most affected victims being the socially active age group involved in motoring. The grievous and life-threatening injuries are increasing resulting in a very high rate of mortality and morbidity in society. The study suggests strict legislation and proper implementation of health and safety measures to avoid high RTA rates. Keywords: Motorization, RTA, automobile accidents, grievous injuries, health & safety measures.
Did We Deliver Quality Education in Online Sessions During Covid 19 Lock Down? Learner’s Perspective from a Developing Country
Authors: Malik Saman , Hassan Faiqa , Malik Shafaq , Rizwan Fatima , Sultan Rizwan , Farooq Muhammad
Published: August 2022

Objective: COVID-19 pandemic pushed unprepared educational institutes towards online sessions. Though equivalence of online sessions proved already in many studies before pandemic, unplanned sessions and inexperienced teachers with networking issues and novice software for online sessions could not meet the standard of teaching that was expected or experienced during these sessions. We planned this study to know perspective of learners to measure quality of online sessions and to find out factors which could improve these sessions in future. Design: Prospective questionnaire based study Place & duration of study: Hitec IMS Dental College, from 10th Feb 2022 to 10th March 2022 Methodology: Questionnaire was distributed to 150 students of BDS who has attended online session during COVID-19 pandemic. Results: 85% of the responders appreciated online sessions happening during pandemic to avoid wastage of time but as high as 50% students were of the opinion that teachers could not maintain standard of teaching as in on campus session. Factors for this dis-satisfaction of students included issues like connectivity issues, gadgets of students as well as teachers, novelty to softwares to attend online class, and psychological issues like depression. So at the end 83% of students preferred on-campus sessions on on-line sessions. Conclusion: On the basis of findings of this study, it is recommended that we should continue activity of online teaching with improvement in resources and train our staff and students even in the absence of such emergency. Keywords: E-learning, Online learning, COVID pandemic, Learner’s perspective, Developing country, Medical education, Educational preparedness, satisfaction of learner,
Molecular Identification of Giardia Duodenalis Isolates from Children Stool in Diyala Province, Iraq
Authors: Awad Awad Mohymin Sabah , Minnat Tareq Rifaaht , Humadi Anas A.
Published: August 2022

One of the most prevalent human intestine protozoan parasites in the world, Giardia duodenalis is indigenous to every continent and infects a broad variety of animal hosts. The goal of the current study was to determine the prevalence of infection among Giardia duodenalis isolates from regional hospitals and private clinics in the Iraqi province of Diyala that would be the subject of additional genetic analysis. From the beginning of October 2021 to the end of January 2022, 100 children's stools were collected from hospitals and health centers in Diyala, Iraq. Additionally, Giardia duodenalis cysts and trophozoites were examined under the microscope, and DNA was extracted using Quick-DNA Fecal/Soil Microbe Kits. One hundred of the stools taken from youngsters show symptoms of diarrhoea, nausea, and abdominal pains Based on microscopic examination and PCR analysis, a 7 percent infection rate was discovered. In addition, genotyping was carried out utilizing G. duodenalis Tpi sequence analysis. The highest infection rate was 10 % in up 4-5 year category and the lowest infection rate 4.65% recorded in up one year category. While, the infection rate was highest in male samples 8.16% than female samples 5.88%. Regarding the giardiasis according to the house system, most people who were infected were living in the city centre at ratio 9.25%, followed by 4.34 % in persons living in the country side. On the other hand, the infection rate of Giardia infection was 6.89%,4.16% and 8.51% to the tap water, Reverse Osmosis(RO) water and filter water respectively. The findings of this study emphasize that area of study was G. duodenalis infection rate with source of infection route and water basis in children in this province. The genetic analysis of the region Beta-giardin and RH11 and TPIA in this study showed that this diagnosis of Giardia duodenalis was made after effective amplification of these regions. Keywords: Molecular, Infection rate, Risk factors, Giardia duodenalis.
Perspectives of Psychosocial Risk Factors in Cardiovascular Disease
Authors: Khan Muhammad Amin , Sarwar Samia , Amjad Naeem , Sarrfraz Farrukh , Mehfooz Qurratulain
Published: August 2022

Introduction: The acknowledgment that psychosocial risk factors contribute to the pathogenesis of cardiovascular malady has driven to the improvement of a new field of behavioral cardiology. The starting driving force for this field was considers performed within the 1980s and 1990s that given epidemiological prove and a pathophysiological premise for a solid connect between a number of psychosocial chance components and cardiovascular illness, counting misery, uneasiness, threatening vibe, work stretch, and destitute social support. In later a long time, extra psychosocial hazard components have been recognized, counting negativity; other shapes of chronic stress, such as childhood abuse and injury, and the mental stretch that will be related with constant medical ailment; need of life reason; and the disorder of “vital exhaustion,” which comprises of a set of three of fatigue, demoralization, and crabbiness. Objective: To determine the Perspectives of Psychosocial Risk factors in Cardiovascular Disease Material and Methods Study design: Quantitative cross sectional Settings: Niazi welfare foundation teaching hospital Sargodha Duration: Three months i.e. 1st January 2022 to 30th March 2022 Data Collection procedure: Cross sectional was conducted on 100 patients. Data was collected by validated questionnaire. The informed consent was taken from all the patients having cardiovascular disease included in the study. Each patient demographic profile was recorded. Psychosocial risk factors included wealth and personal life style stress was calculated. Validated questionnaire was administered to check the stress at home and at work. Data was analyzed by using SPSS version 22. Results: The total number of patients was 110 in which 92 were males and 50 females. According to age 10 patients was in 30-40 age group, 52 was in 41-50, 40 was in 51-60 and 8 was above 60 year of age. The different level of stress as low moderate and high was calculated against Educational, Area and Marital status of patients. Conclusion: Physical and psychosocial chance components at work may act freely to extend dangers or they may too associated to encourage increase the dangers of self-detailed back disorders. There is critical need of developing measuring tool for assessing psychosocial stress level. Keywords: Stress, Psychosocial factor, Behavioral Cardiology, Cardiovascular disease.
Frequency of Cardiac Autonomic Neuropathy and its Various Grades in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Siddique Furhaj Mueen , Moinuddin Imran Ahmed , Nazir Maida , Kashif Muhammad , Akhtar Muhammad Mubeen , Jabeen Asma
Published: August 2022

Introduction: Cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy (CAN) is a common and one of the major complication of diabetes mellitus. It is also the most under diagnosed and least understood diabetic complication4. Objective: To determine the frequency of cardiac autonomic neuropathy and its various grades in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Study Design: Cross Sectional Study. Setting: Medical OPD as well as from diabetic clinic of Services Hospital, Lahore. Methodology: Total 195 patients of either sex or age between 18 to 60 with at least 10 years duration of type 2 Diabetes Mellitus were enrolled. Cardiac Autonomic Neuropathy was determined using Ewing’s criteria. Frequency of CAN and its severity grades was recorded. Result: Mean age of sampled population was 54.42 ± 2.925 ranged from 44 to 60 years. There were 77 (39.5%) female and 118(60.5%) patients (60.5%) were male. Out of 195, 99 (50.8%) patients had cardiac autonomic neuropathy, 34 (17.4%) patients had early, 56 (28.7%) had definite, 8 (4.1%) had severe & 1 patient had atypical cardiac autonomic neuropathy. It was associated with advancing age but gender and duration of diabetes had no effect. Conclusion: The study concludes that frequency of cardiac autonomic neuropathy is quite high (50.8%) in patients with more than ten years duration of type II diabetes. Thirty four (17.4%) had early level, 56 patients (28.7%) had definite, 8 patients (4.1%) had severe and 1 patient had Atypical cardiac autonomic neuropathy. Keywords: Cardiac Autonomic Neuropathy, Diabetes, Insulin resistance, Autonomic instability, Neuropathy
Effect of Facedown vs Non-Facedown Position on Macular Hole Closure after Surgery
Authors: Ali Shamshad , Shahid Muhammad Hamza , Shakil Muhammad , Shahzad Ayman , Ihsan Khawaja Mohsin , Waheed Khalid
Published: August 2022

Background: Internal Limiting Membrane (ILM) peeling with Gas tamponade after Pars Plana vitrectomy is routinely done in macular hole surgery. After the procedure, a face-down position (FDP) is advised to the patients to promote macular hole closure by pushing the bubble of Gas against the posterior pole. However, elderly patients and those with medical comorbidities may feel uncomfortable in FDP. A few post-operative complications may also be caused by it. So, the aim of this study is to compare and evaluate the role of postoperative non-face-down position (nFDP) and FDP on the macular hole closure rate after PPV with ILM peeling. Patients and methods: 20 phakic eyes of 20 patients, with idiopathic full-thickness macular holes, underwent vitrectomy, with dye-assisted peeling of the ILM and 14% perfluoro propane gas. Patients were divided randomly into two groups; face down position (FDP, posturing group) or non face down (nFDP, non-posturing group) for 7 days. Main focus was to see anatomical hole closure till 7 days postoperatively. Results: Macular holes closed in 10 of 10 eyes in the posturing (FDP) group and in 9 out of 10 in the non-posturing group (nFDP) seven days after the surgery. Chi-square test was applied to see the association between macular hole closure of patients with / without face down position. It was observed that macular hole closure was less likely to be associated with posturing (X2= 1.2, p-value= 0.549) while it was likely to be associated with size of macular hole (X2= 15.9, p-value= 0.001). In a sub-group analysis according to the size, all the macular holes smaller than 490 µm closed regardless of posturing. While holes larger than 490 µm were not closed in nFDP position. Conclusion: Post-operative face-down position has no statistically significant effect on macular hole closure in comparison to non-face down positioning. Keywords: Macular hole (MH), Face down position (FDP), Posturing, Closure rate, Randomized controlled Trials (RCTs)
Evaluation of platelet indices in cases of spontaneous abortion and recurrent pregnancy loss
Authors: Kassem Aya A. , El-Khyat Ahmed M. , El-Dakhakhni Raghda A. , Soliman Ghada A. , Hamoda Mahmoud S.
Published: August 2022

Background: Spontaneous abortion is defined as a clinically recognized pregnancy loss before the 20th week of gestation, or an expulsion of an embryo weighing 500 g or less. .Pregnancy is a condition of hypercoagulation. study aimed to evaluate the change of platelet indices namely platelet count, platelet crit , platelet distribution width and mean platelet volume among patients . Methods: This study is observational case control study . participants were 135 and divided into three groups Group1: 45 women with spontaneous abortion. Group2: 45 women with recurrent pregnancy loss.Group3: 45 normally pregnant women Results At cut off 14.12, platelet distribution width diagnose abortion (P=0.008) with sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV and accuracy of 74.4%, 53.3%, 76.1%, 51.1%, 67.4% respectively.At cut off 6.98, Mean platelet volume diagnose abortion (P=0.002) with sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV and accuracy of 76.7%, 44.4%, 75.0%, 57.1%, 70.4% respectively. At cut off 0.31, Platelet crit diagnose abortion with sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV and accuracy of 31.1%, 97.8%, 96.6%, 41.5%, 53.3% respectively. There were univariate regression for value of platelet indices in prediction of abortion in the studied sample. Conclusions: Platelet indices are markers for the prediction of spontaneous abortion and recurrent pregnancy loss
outer membrane protein D gene mutations and carbapenem resistance in Pseudomonas Aeruginosa isolated from burns infection in Al-Najaf/Iraq
Authors: Al-Fanharawi Ahmad Hasan , Al-Shamarti Mohammed Jasim
Published: August 2022

The Most common mechanism used by P. aeruginosa for carbapenem resistance is the decrease of OM permeability, via accumulating mutations cause loss/reduce in the OprD gene expression. This study was designed to detect and determine the OprD gene mutations in carbapenem-resistant isolates of clinical P. aeruginosa isolated from burn wound infections. A 12/20 isolates were sequenced by Sanger method and the results were compared with wildtype (POA1) OprD gene sequence. The PCR products of 12/20 isolates were labeled as A and B, A for F1 forward primer and B for F2 forward primer, packed and sent to the Macrogen company for sequencing. All carbapenem-resistant isolates (10/12) contain mutations in their OprD genes, most of mutations are frameshift mutations, 1/12 still carbapenem-sensitive despite containing 40 mutations. All resistant sequenced isolates contain OprD mutations this might be the main cause and most related to carbapenem-resistance trait in the mutant strains, also despite the OprD mutations in isolate 21A it still carbapenem-sensitive indicates that the OprD mutation isn’t definitive factor for carbapenems resistance trait.
Teratogenic effects of vitamin A on embryos of pregnant rats
Authors: Ali Ashraf Raoof Mohammed , Abood Ali Hassan
Published: August 2022

Vitamin A is lipid soluble vitamin widely used during pregnancy as a food supplement. The study has been conducted in Animal House/Faculty of Sciences/University of Kufa between December 2021 and February 2022, thirty female Albino Rats are used. The present study has been intended to show the teratogenic effects of Vitamin A on embryos in female Albino Rats. The females Rats are randomly divided into four main groups,The first and second control groups are given orally injection of physiological normal saline and the third group 15th (dpc) are given orally injection of vitamin A doses ten, twenty μcg/kg/day respectively for fifteen days from the first day to the end of experimental allocated for each female. The fouth group 20 th (dpc) are given orally injection of vitamin A doses ten, twenty μcg/kg/day respectively for tewnty days from the first day to the end of experimental allocated for each female. The rats are sacrificed in 15,20 th (dpc) to study the teratogenic effects on embryonic bodies.Retinol doses ten, twenty μcg/kg/day caused macroscopic malformations in embryos of female rats compare to control group.In conclusion; Vitamin A caused malformations of embryos in 15 th and 20 th (dpc).
Genetic relationship of clinical bacterial isolates with their environmental spreading using ERIC-PCR
Authors: Shebeeb Duaa Tariq , Shartooh Sufyan M. , Abed Suha M.
Published: August 2022

The study examined the relationship between environmental bacterial and the pathological isolates of inward patients. It identified the biological safety level procedures followed. This work was conducted during the period from December2021 till May 2022 in Ramadi city (Anbar Governorate). Samples were divided into 30 environmental samples collected from the hospital environment, sewage and water, and 100 clinical samples collected from inpatients. These patients were in The Ramadi Teaching Hospital and in The Women’s and Children Hospital. Bacterial isolates were diagnosed using biochemical tests and confirming using VITEK2 technique. Some chemical and physical variables were detected. This work studied the Genetic fingerprinting of selected bacterial species by the Enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus of Polymerase Chain Reaction ERIC-PCR and conducted the dendrogram program was conducted  for showing the relationships between environmental and pathological isolates of E. coli. As for the genetic fingerprint examinations environmental E. coli, the statistical analysis of the dendrogram program using ERIC-PCR technique had indicated that there was a similarity ratio 74.58% with the clinical E.coli.
Natural potential and its impact on industrial investment in Karbala governorate
Authors: Al-Taei Abbas Fadel Obaid , Mohamed Mohamed Hassouni
Published: August 2022

In light of the orientation of the economic policy after 2003 in Iraq towards a free economy, and support for investment activity in the various sectors of the economy, especially the industrial sector, this research came (natural potential and its impact on industrial investment in Karbala governorate) Because of the importance of industrial investment in achieving economic and social advancement in order to achieve development in all its forms, the research has focused on the natural capabilities that characterize the Karbala governorate. Many production and consumer projects.
Where do I belong: Alienation as a psychological struggle of the characters in Lahiri’s The Namesake (2003)
Authors: Yahya Salam Hussein , Mani Manimangai
Published: August 2022

Alienation is an inevitable aspect of the modern life. Due to the rapid changes in culture, societies, technology and most importantly, psychological science, myriads of people in the contemporary era are alienated. However, the phenomenon of alienation is not new, it has been there for quite a while, but was not given or announced publicly. Anytime anyone oppresses some of their desires and/or attempts to hide aspects of their real lives, they feel alienated and isolated from this world. Further, the more conspicuous consequences of alienation and the name came to prominence after the ruthless process of colonization. It was owing to this heartless segregation among the races and cultural or ethnic discrimination that alienation surfaced publically and the authors and/or intellectuals commenced to address it. Among them Lahiri deserves a lion’s share for her novel the Namesake. She logically and smartly portrays the psychological status of her characters and shows the bitter consequences of alienation through her depiction of the novel’s main characters. The paper thus attempts to focus on the problems of alienation and how the characters in the Namesake experience it.
Test the effectiveness of clove leaf ethanol extract on wound healing in rats
Authors: Santoso Puguh , Putra I Made Agus Sunadi , Udayani Ni Nyoman Wahyu
Published: August 2022

Clove leaves (Syzygium aromaticum (L.) Merr. & Perry) contain alkaloid compounds, flavonoids, tannins and essential oils that play a role in wound healing. This study used 20 male mice as samples divided into 4 treatment groups, namely group 1 (negative control group), group 2 (positive control group), group 3 (15% clove leaf extract ointment), and group 4 (leaf extract ointment). clove concentration 20%). All mice were injured 2 cm long. The results showed that there was a difference between the control and the clove leaf extract ointment at concentrations of 15% and 20%. In the Wilcoxon test the results showed a p value <0.05 where there was a treatment group. And for the Mann Whitney test the results showed that there were differences between the control group and the clove extract ointment. The p value for the three comparisons was only negative control with clove leaf extract ointment with a concentration of 15% and a concentration of 20% which was smaller than 0.05. So the hypothesis Ho is rejected, there is a difference between the negative control with clove leaf extract ointment with a concentration of 15% and 20%.
Unrealistic optimism among university students
Authors: Hashim Ameera Jaber , Ghathith Suha Khaled
Published: August 2022

University students belong to the youth stage, especially as young people suffer from pressures in their lives and their future, not to mention the developments and changes taking place in all areas of life as they keep pace with the technical revolution and social communication. Another, the youth stage, is a transitional stage between adolescence and adulthood and the stage of setting goals and heading towards the future and independence (Masoudi, 2018: 16), and failure to achieve this may lead to many psychological problems, and in order to alleviate the burden of these problems, some of them may resort to their dimensions About their lives, the anticipation of positive events and optimism for life and the future, (Ghazwan, 2019) indicates in this regard that "the youth stage characterizes by speed, impatience, impulsiveness, adventure and unlimited optimism.
Dosimetric comparison between intensity modulated radiotherapy and three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy in adjuvant setting after radical cystectomy in high-risk urothelial bladder cancer
Authors: Alnagmy Ahmed , Zaghloul Mohamed S. , Mahmoud Mohamed , Aboelkasem Hatem , Mokhtar Maha H. , Awad Ahmed
Published: August 2022

Objective: To compare the 4-field 3D conformal radiotherapy technique (3DCRT) to the intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) 9-field technique for adjuvant radiotherapy post radical cystectomy in high-risk urothelial bladder cancer cases. Patients and Methods: A dosimetric analysis of 11 urothelial bladder cancer patients who underwent radical cystectomy was performed. These patients were presented to the radiotherapy department, National Cancer Institute, Cairo, between 2018 and 2020 with adjuvant radiotherapy using the IMRT technique. Two plans were designed for each patient, one using 9-field IMRT and the second using 4-field 3DCRT. The two techniques were compared, including the PTV, bowel bag, rectum, neobladder, and pelvic bone marrow. Results: Comparing different DVHs, the planning target volume (PTV) was adequately covered in both plans, while the 9-field IMRT technique delivered significantly lower doses to OARs (bowel, rectum, and pelvic bone marrow). Conclusion: The IMRT technique incredibly spared the OARs more than that obtained by the 3DCRT technique, while both techniques covered the PTV adequately. The IMRT technique, through sparing OARs, was expected to decrease early and late radiation side effects.
Study on the ability of Eichhornia crassipes L. plant to absorb manganese from polluted water
Authors: Alkindi Eman Sajad Kamil , Sharba Furqan Yahya Jawad
Published: August 2022

This study was conducted on the Eichhornia crassipes plant and tested its ability to remove the Manganese (Mn) from contaminated water through the absorption of this element and its accumulation inside the tissues, and the plant was dosed with Mn element at a concentration of 0.8 mg/l, where the results showed after digesting the plant in the laboratory the ability of the root system of E.crassipes to absorb the mineral Manganese and accumulate it inside its tissues until it reached the highest values in 21st day of the experiment, its concentration was 181 mg/kg in the roots, while it reached the highest concentration of leaves in 14th day of the experiment even reach to 93.1 mg/kg. As for the percentage of Manganese removal, the results showed a significant ability of the E.crassipes to absorb the element Mn throughout the days of the experiment, where it recorded 99.7% in 7th, 14th day, while noted non-significant decrease at 21st day to record about 99.6% of the total concentration in water. Thus, we can submit a scientific explanation of the possibility of using the plant under study in the bioremediation of contaminated water.
association between polymorphism of TCF7L2 gene rs12255372 G/T and type 2 diabetes mellitus in Iraqi women suffering from menopause
Authors: Mahdi Shayma Sabah , Ganim Salwa Ali
Published: August 2022

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) became the most prevalent health problem. Almost half of the world's people are ignorant that have diabetes. Menopause occurs as an important alteration in women through which take place the change in sex hormones, distribution in fat،s body, and metabolism, altogether which participate in the metabolism disease such as type 2 diabetes mellitus. Several studies have appeared the association between the TCF7L2 gene and different diseases like type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). This study aimed to detect the relation of the genetic variation polymorphism for the TCF7L2 gene (rs12255372 G/T) in Iraqi women menopausal with T2DM. The outcomes indicated the increased levels of biochemical characteristics including HbA1C, Cholesterol, Triglyceride, Prolactin, Progesterone, and Estrogen and the decreased level of HDL with significant differences (P<0.05). While there was no association between SNP for TCF7L2 gene (rs12255372 G/T) in patients with T2DM when compared with control (P>0.05). Although that there was a significant association between the biochemical characteristics and genotypes for this SNP. In conclusion that SNP (rs12255372G/T) for the TCF7L2 gene is not represented as a risk factor in Iraqi women of menopausal with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Geographical analysis of the annual growth rates of the retired population in Anbar governorate
Authors: Ismail Anas Yahya , Ahmad Qaiser Abdullah
Published: August 2022

Developed countries are interested in the retired segment and provide them with many services such as medical care, housing and entertainment, whether it is between his family or in the homes of the elderly, and with the discrepancy between the countries of the world in the retirement age, but in Iraq a large number of them are referred to retirement when they reach the civil legal age (60 years). Al-Askari (50 years) and has a service of no less than (15 years), as it is noted that the number of retired residents in Iraq has increased year after year. The size of the retired population in Anbar Governorate reached (149.566) people for the year 2010 out of the total population of the province, which amounted to (1,483,359) people, at a rate of (10.08)% of the total population in it and a growth rate of (6.11%) at the level of the province, meaning that there is an increase in The annual growth rate of the size of retirees, as it turned out that there is a temporal and spatial variation in the size of the retired population in the governorate according to the districts.
Comparative evaluation of machine assisted irrigation activation technique and conventional syringe irrigation on postoperative pain in patients undergoing endodontic treatment: A Systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Vibha Hegde , Mrunalini Vaidya , Simren Bhatia , Surelee Chavan
Published: August 2022

Objective: This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to assess whether machine- assisted agitation resulted in less postoperative pain (PP) compared with syringe irrigation with needle alone in adult patients undergoing root canal treatment. Methodology: PICO strategy was used to electronically search key terms in the PubMed, Science Direct, Cochrane Library, Google Scholar and Wiley Online databases up to 2021 for randomized control trials (RCTs) with an observation period of at least 6 hours. The bias risk for RCTs was assessed using the Cochrane risk of bias tool. Meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.4 (RevMan 5.4, The Nordic Cochrane Centre, Copenhagen). Results: A total of 9 studies (for systematic review) including 1075 patients with a 565/530 male to female ratio and a mean age of 40.5 years met the inclusion criteria. Out of 9, 6 studies were selected for the meta-analysis. Meta-analysis of the 6 studies indicated that overall, the use of machine-assisted irrigation technique showed better postoperative pain reduction than conventional syringe irrigation. Conclusion: Overall, machine-assisted irrigation causes reduction in postoperative pain compared to conventional syringe irrigation.
Editorial
Authors: Hachem Daniel Wunder , Faria Luzardo
Published: August 2022

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Il foro coloniale di Tarraco: una ripresa
Authors: Maggi Stefano
Published: August 2022

Il foro coloniale di Tarraco presenta caratteri di originalità che si ritrovano nel complesso forense di Tergeste. Nel suo rapporto con il teatro inoltre rivela similitudini con altre soluzioni cisalpine.
Closed loop intestinal obstruction secondary to Ileo-sigmoid knotting (ISK) – A diagnostic challenge
Authors: Khan Irfan , singh Varun , qasim zainab
Published: August 2022

Intestinal obstruction due to Ileo-sigmoid knotting is a very rare phenomenon associated with high mortality rate leading to bowel gangrene and peritonitis. We present a rare cause of closed loop intestinal obstruction in a 46-year-old male patient who presented to the emergency department with complaints of severe abdominal pain, distension and multiple episodes of vomiting in the past 1 day. Prompt resuscitation and exploratory laparotomy revealed knotting of the sigmoid colon around the mesentery of small intestine with segmental gangrene of both sigmoid colon and small intestine. Resection of the gangrenous ileal segment with end-to-end anastomosis followed by Hartman’s procedure to the gangrenous sigmoid colon was performed. Ileo-sigmoid knotting is a surgical emergency with rapid progression to bowel gangrene and peritonitis leading to sepsis and has a very high mortality. Early diagnosis, fluid resuscitation and prompt surgical intervention are key steps towards management.
Influence of examination stress on pulse rate and blood pressure in first MBBS students
Authors: Banner Rajkumar , Chimkode Subhash , Manmmadhan Thoushara
Published: August 2022

Background: The term “stress” was first coined by the endocrinologist Hans Selye in the year 1930’s. Stress causes imbalance in the sympathetic and parasympathetic functions which can lead to disturbance in the body homeostasis. Medical education in India is vast, extensive and is more stressful. During undergraduate course medical students have to undergo many examinations such as internal assessment and university examinations, examination is one of the most common stressor for students. As performance in examinations determines the future of students, it is important for medical educators to know the prevalence, and causes, of stress among students at different time intervals.

Aims and Objectives: The aim of the study was to study the influence of examination stress on 1st MBBS students of BRIMS, Bidar from there admission (no examination) to final university examination on blood pressure and pulse rate.

Materials and Methods: The present study was conducted after obtaining the Ethical clearance from the institutional research and ethical committee of Bidar Institute of Medical Sciences, Bidar. The study is carried out in the department of Physiology, BRIMS, Bidar. Out of 150 1st year MBBS students, healthy 102 students aged 17 to 20 years were selected for the study after following the strict inclusion and exclusion criteria. After recording basic physical characteristics, Hemodynamic parameters such as Pulse Rate (Beats per minute), systolic blood pressure (SBP) (mmHg), and diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) were recorded in three sessions, 1st session 1 month after the admission, 2nd session 6–8 days before 1st internal assessment, and 3rd session 6–8 days before final university examinations. The values obtained were analyzed by using t-test. P < 0.05 was considered as statistically significant.

Results: Results revealed that there was statistically significant increase in the values of pulse rate (bpm), SBP (mmHg), and diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) in the study subjects when non examination period (1st session) was compared with the values of before 1st internal assessment (2nd session) and before final university examination (3rd session).

Conclusion: Thus our study concluded that the values of pulse rate, SBP, and diastolic blood pressure were observed to be higher before 1st internal assessment and before university examinations when compared with after 1 month of their admission to college (i.e., no examination time).
Use of complementary and alternative medicines in ENT outpatient department of tertiary care hospital in Southern Rajasthan
Authors: Vijay Radhika , Atray Meena
Published: August 2022

Background: Complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) use is highly gaining popularity along with main treatment streams these days. Physicians cannot ignore this fact and should question and counsel patients about pros and cons of CAM for cure of different ailments.

Aim and Objectives: The objective of the study was to know about use of CAM among patients visiting Ear, Nose, and Throat (ENT) outpatient department (OPD) in tertiary care hospital of Southern Rajasthan.

Materials and Methods: An observational cross-sectional study was conducted in ENT OPD for 2 months. Two hundred and fifty patients were considered for the study. Semi-structured questionnaire was prepared and made to be filled by the patients during their visit to ENT OPD after taking informed consent. Various questions were asked like extent of use of alternative therapies, type of CAM used by the patients, patient’s knowledge about ADRs and drug interactions, reasons for which alternative medicine might have been used.

Results: Among 250 patients, CAMs were used by 36 patients. The most common CAMs were either Ayurveda or Homoeopathy medicines or both. The majority of patients obtained their information from family and friends. Maximum patients used these alternative medicines for relief of cough and hoarseness of voice.

Conclusion: The study throws light on use of alternative drug therapy and streams of medicine along with routine hospital treatment among patients visiting ENT OPD. This knowledge helps to understand about patients’ alternative approach to diseases, about self-medication, patient’s belief about different types of therapies and also ignorance of possible health hazards, side effects, and complications due to use of concomitant main and alternative medicines for treatment purposes.
Procurement for health care service requirements: Securing services and maintaining timelines during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Pal Ranabir
Published: August 2022

The ongoing global spread of SARS-CoV-2 infection and the resulting COVID-19 pandemic had led to health care requirements which are labour and resource intensive to manage. This has led to acute shortage of medical essentials, in almost all countries of the world with increased demand for healthcare supplies at a time when there is a simultaneous disruption in the supply chain. The pandemic has shown beyond doubt that none of the countries in the world from high income to low- and middle-income countries had ready mitigation strategies to handle such a pandemic, with overwhelming shortages leading to loss of hundreds of thousands of lives. New practices and procedures have been created by making modifications within the existing framework of procurement norms, with extraordinary emergency powers to facilitate emergency purchases. There is a continuous and ongoing urgent requirement to procure various essential items, all within a short time frame, which may not be available with the regular or a single vendor. This has to be balanced and judicious, being carried out under extremely tight deadlines, and pose major challenges to maintain inventory control of critical goods required to keep the required humanitarian services up and running.
Challenges and Burden on the Physical Health of Older Adults
Authors: Sathyanarayana, K.M
Published: August 2022

Health care providers, gerontologists, psychologists, social workers, and policymakers are all focused on preventing elder abuse, improving life for the elderly, and reducing caregiver stress. Asian countries, which have a large population of older individuals, have a greater demand for in-place care for older adults because of their high rate.. An advocate for a community-based long-term care support system for older individuals and their carers is a major goal for this study article. To address the growing demand for in-home care for the elderly in India, this paper reviews secondary and tertiary sources of literature to establish a framework.
HUBUNGAN INTENSITAS KEBISINGAN DENGAN KELUHAN AUDITORI PADA PEKERJA BAGIAN PRODUKSI PABRIK FABRIKASI BAJA
Authors: Harsiwi Desti Minggarsari  , Sahuri
Published: August 2022

Kebisingan telah lama menjadi perhatian dan permasalahan di tempat kerja. Tingkat intensitas kebisingan yang melebihi NAB dapat menimbulkan gangguan kesehatan seperti gangguan pendengaran. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui adanya hubungan tingkat intensitas kebisingan dengan keluhan auditori. Penelitian ini bersifat analitik dengan pendekatan cross-sectional. Populasi berjumlah 100 pekerja bagian produksi pabrik fabrikasi baja, sampel sebanyak 80 pekerja dengan teknik pengambilan sampel simple random sampling. Data diperoleh dari pengukuran kebisingan menggunakan metode LTM5 dan kuesioner untuk mengetahui keluhan auditori pada pekerja. Analisa data secara univariat dan bivariat menggunakan uji chi-square (p<0,05). Hasil penelitian dari 80 pekerja terdapat 51 (63,8%) pekerja yang mengalami keluhan auditori dan 29 (36,3%) pekerja tidak mengalami keluhan auditori. Terdapat hubungan antara intensitas kebisingan dengan keluhan auditori, didapatkan nilai p-value = 0,000 (p<0,05). Nilai PR sebesar 7,971 dan 95%  CI yaitu 1,223 â€“ 51,947 yang artinya intensitas kebisingan tinggi merupakan faktor risiko keluhan auditori.
HUBUNGAN BEBAN DAN JAM KERJA DENGAN KELELAHAN KERJA PADA RADIOGRAFER RS ST. CAROLUS
Authors: Moch Nurul Latief  , Putri Winda Lestari
Published: August 2022

Rumah sakit memiliki sistem kerja 24 jam dengan 3 shift dan beban kerja yang tinggi. Beban kerja dan jam kerja merupakan salah satu faktor yang mengakibatkan kelelahan. Kelelahan tersebut berdampak menurunkan kinerja, menambah kesalahan saat bekerja, dan menurunkan produktivitas kerja. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui hubungan beban dan jam kerja dengan kelelahan kerja pada pekerja radiografer RS. St Carolus. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan desain cross-sectional. Sampel adalah semua radiografer sebanyak 31 orang. Analisis data secara univariat dan bivariat dengan uji korelasi pearson. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa antara beban kerja dengan kelelahan kerja diperoleh p-value = 0,119. Sedangkan, antara jam kerja dengan kelelahan kerja diperoleh nilai p-value = 0,042 dengan koefisien korelasi sebesar -0,367. Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah tidak ada hubungan antara beban kerja dengan kelelahan kerja dan ada hubungan antara jam kerja dengan kelelahan kerja pada pekerja radiografer di Rumah Sakit St. Carolus.
PENGARUH KELELAHAN PERAWAT TERHADAP TINDAKAN KEPERAWATAN RANGE OF MOTION PADA PASIEN STROKE
Authors: Anita Triana  , Zakiyah  , Yoanita Hijriyati
Published: August 2022

Burnout yang dialami perawat akan memberikan banyak dampak bagi pelayanan rumah sakit, salah satunya kualitas pelayanan perawat menurun yang ditandai dengan menurunnya kualitas pelaksanaan tindakan keperawatan pada pasien stroke. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui pengaruh burnout perawat terhadap tindakan keperawatan Range of Motion (ROM) pada pasien stroke di ruang Neurologi RSUPN Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan desain cross sectional dengan  menggunakan kuisioner burnout perawat dan lembar observasi tindakan ROM pada 35 responden. Uji instrumen menggunakan uji validitas dan reliabilitas kuesioner. Hasil penelitian didapatkan burnout perawat rendah (54,30%) dan tinggi (45,7%), pelaksanaan ROM pasien kurang (68,60%) dan baik (31,4%). Ada pengaruh yang signifikan burnout perawat terhadap tindakan keperawatan ROM pada pasien dengan stroke di ruang Neurologi RSUPN Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo dengan nilai p: 0,003. Bagian Sumber Daya Manusia RSUPN Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo hendaknya melakukan rotasi perawat kepada perawat senior, dengan harapan burnout akibat pekerjaan yang monoton di ruang Neurologi dapat dikurangi.
Achieving the third message in the art of placing By Muhammad bin Adam Al-Rusta’i Al-Balki Al-Kurdi
Authors: Abdullah Khdir Khdir
Published: August 2022

This research, which is in your hands, is an investigation and commentary on an ancient and valuable manuscript message in one of the sciences of the Arabic language, which is the science of placing, or the art of placing, as some call it. It was written and compiled by a scholar from the Kurdish and Islamic worlds of our nation, the famous scholar al-Nahrir in his time and Ibn his peers and the master in various arts, including the arts of language, the scholars: Muhammad ibn Adam al-Rusta’i al-Bali al-Kurdi) 11601160 AH 123123 7 AH corresponding to 1747 AD 182121 AD. The situation (and he divided it into a precise and comprehensive division into an introduction and six chapters with a conclusion, as he himself said, may God have mercy on him, in the beginning of his message) The third message in the art of placing and it contains an introduction, chapters and conclusion...) This science that seeks to explain the conditions of the Arabic word in terms of situation and its division To various and different sections of personal, specific, general, and specific, in the case of placing subjects and bodies, and so on, in which it was said: The position of the knowledge of the situation is high, so know by it the position of individuals and sentences... And the compiler defined this science and explained its subject, and purpose. As for the content of the chapters, as you can find in the letter, he mentioned, may God have mercy on him, in the first chapter: the division of the situation and the second chapter in the division of the subject, and the third chapter in a statement that the subject in any situation is a subject, and the fourth chapter It is possible to pay attention to the foregoing, and the fifth chapter contains the etymology, synonyms, and associations, and the sixth and last chapter mentions the truth and the metaphor, and after the chapters he wrote a supplement to the crisis and mentioned things in which he cannot do without mentioning them in the Al-Mulqam. And he used all of these terms that we mentioned above from an introduction, chapters, conclusion and others in the common sense in his time, which differ from our time and that this message as we saw it as a precious pearl in its chapter, and the author came in it with information, comments, suggestions and opinions, and touched on the benefits and features of the indispensable His message is useful information in a concise and useful way, and cites what he mentioned.