bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
High Complication Rate in Young Patients With High-Energy Intertrochanteric Femoral Fractures
Authors: Amini Michael H. , Feldman John J. , Weinlein John C.
Published: December 2016

Although intertrochanteric femoral fractures in elderly patients are common injuries that have been studied extensively, little has been reported about high-energy intertrochanteric fractures in younger patients. This study examined the injury characteristics and outcomes of high-energy intertrochanteric fractures in patients younger than 65 years treated with either sliding hip screws (SHSs) or cephalomedullary nails (CMNs). A total of 37 patients younger than 65 years (mean age, 45 years) with high-energy intertrochanteric fractures and mean follow-up of 34 weeks were identified; 21 patients were treated with SHSs, and 16 patients were treated with CMNs. All fractures were AO/ Orthopaedic Trauma Association (OTA) fracture type 31A1 or 31A2. Injury characteristics, measures of surgical quality, treatment outcomes, and complications were compared. Despite high-energy mechanisms of injury, 84% of patients had AO/OTA type 31A1 fractures, 60% presented with an Injury Severity Score of 17 or higher, and 78% sustained other injuries. There were no significant differences in tip-apex distance (TAD), reduction quality, blood loss, or surgical time (
P
>.05) for fractures treated with SHSs or CMNs. The overall rate of major complications requiring revision surgery was 13.5%; this difference was not statistically significant (
P
=.36). Young patients with intertrochanteric fractures often have multisystem trauma; these fractures are difficult to reduce by closed means, and young patients are more prone to complications than older patients. In particular, varus collapse occurred at a high rate in young patients with intertrochanteric fractures treated with SHSs despite relatively simple fracture patterns, satisfactory TAD, and satisfactory reduction quality. [
Orthopedics.
2017; 40(2):e293–e299.]
Presentación
Authors: Caro Isaac
Published: December 2016

Presentación
¿Qué se esconde tras La Haya?: análisis de los discursos presidenciales y cobertura mediática en los conflictos Chile-Perú / Chile-Bolivia
Authors: Quiroga Marambio María Francisca , Guerrero Soto Néstor
Published: December 2016

Los debates públicos y análisis académicos sobre el fallo de la Corte Internacional de Justicia en el diferendo marítimo Chile-Perú, en el escenario de una nueva demanda de Bolivia, se han basado en el supuesto de pensar al Estado-nacional como categoría explicativa absoluta. La derivación lógica es que el “interés nacional” se expresaría e identificaría plenamente en el Estado-nacional. El nacionalismo es la forma simbólica ocultada, cuyos efectos enmarcan las prácticas y discursos de los actores, y se sostieneteóricamente (con intereses ideológicos) en los elementos constitutivos clásicos (y limitados) del Estado: población, territorio y soberanía, reafirmando la comunidad imaginada nacional. Pero se soslaya la lógica del capitalismo global y se invisibiliza la polisemia de términos como soberanía. Analizando discursos presidenciales, el artículo reflexiona acerca de ideas y discursos públicos mediatizados presentes en los conflictos Chile-Perú / Chile-Bolivia
La política chilena hacia Bolivia, 1900-1930: la constitución de un discurso estructural
Authors: Ross Orellana César
Published: December 2016

Este artículo analiza la constitución del discurso internacional de Chile respecto del conflicto y del Tratado de 1904 con Bolivia, que configuró las relaciones siguientes entre ambas naciones. Se ha seleccionado el período 1900-1930, porque corresponde a las décadas durante las cuales Chile estabilizó sus relaciones con los tres países vecinos, mediante los tratados de 1902, 1904 y 1929. La hipótesis propuesta en este trabajo es que durante este período el discurso y la política chilena se consolidaron. Por una parte, este discurso se elaboró bajo un enfoque racional y jurídico, basado en un proceso más profundo y asociado a la constitución de la identidad chilena, cuyos componentes catalizaron con la Guerra del Pacífico. Por otra, ambas, identidad y discurso, se volvieron verdades pétreas, cuya vigencia se ha mantenido hasta el presente. La elaboración de este trabajo se basa en la Memoria anual del Ministerio de Relaciones Exteriores de Chile, la principal fuente que nos informa sobre este discurso y de la política a que éste dio lugar
Ecology of Cladocera species from Central America based on subfossil assemblages
Authors: Wojewódka Marta , Zawisza Edyta , Cohuo Sergio , Macario-González Laura , Schwalb Antje , Zawiska Izabela
Published: December 2016

Cladocera species composition was analyzed in surface sediments of 29 lakes in Central America (Guatemala, El Salvador and Honduras). The material studied was collected with an Ekman grab in autumn 2013 from lakes located in lowland, highland and mountain regions. The study revealed high variability in qualitative and quantitative composition of subfossil Cladocera. A total of 31 Cladocera species (5 planktonic and 26 littoral) were identified, as well as 4 morphotypes that could not be identified (NRR 1-4). Planktonic Bosminidae and Daphniidae were the most abundant families. Daphniidae were restricted to water bodies in mountain regions, whereas Bosminidae were widely distributed in lakes with different abiotic conditions. Moreover, Bosminidae species also occurred in highly mineralized waters (> 900 µS cm-1). The great majority of the identified Cladocera species belonged to the littoral family Chydoridae. Chydorus cf. sphaericus was the most common species (found in 20 lakes), which probably reflects its tolerance to a wide spectrum of habitat conditions. Cluster analysis discriminated 6 groups of Cladocera species with a high correlation level within groups (≥0.8), which showed different types of correlation with lake characteristics and environmental variables. Canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) showed that altitude and secondly water electrical conductivity were the most important drivers of Cladocera species composition in the region studied. Furthermore, CCA analysis indicated lowland lakes with low water transparency were also characterized by peculiar species assemblages. 
Mesiodens within the Nasopalatine Canal: An Exceptional Entity
Authors: Aoun Georges , Nasseh Ibrahim
Published: December 2016

A supernumerary tooth is one that is supplementary to the normal dentition. It can be found anywhere at the dental arch. A mesiodens is a supernumerary tooth located between the two maxillary central incisors usually palatally or within the alveolar process. Less frequently, the mesiodens is in relation with the nasal floor and the nasopalatine canal walls. This paper presents a very rare case of an impacted inverted mesiodens located inside the nasopalatine canal and found incidentally with a cone-beam computed tomography examination.
Characterisation of the thermostable protease AprX in strains of Pseudomonas fluorescens and impact on the shelf-life of dairy products: preliminary results
Authors: Andreani Nadia Andrea , Carraro Lisa , Fasolato Luca , Balzan Stefania , Lucchini Rosaria , Novelli Enrico , Cardazzo Barbara
Published: December 2016

Bacterial proteases are involved in food spoilage and shelf-life reduction. Among the bacterial proteases, a predominant role in spoilage of dairy products seems to be played by the thermostable metallo-protease AprX, which is produced by various strains of Pseudomonas fluorescens. Differences in AprX enzyme activity among different strains were highlighted, but the most proteolytic strains were not identified. In this study, the presence of the aprX gene was evaluated in 69 strains isolated from food matrices and 18 reference strains belonging to the P. fluorescens group, which had been previously typed by the multi locus sequence typing method. Subsequently, a subset of reference strains was inoculated in ultra-high temperature milk, and the expression of the aprX gene was evaluated at 22 and 6°C. On the same milk samples, the proteolytic activity was then evaluated through Azocasein and trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid solution assays. Finally, to assess the applicability of the former assay directly on dairy products the proteolityc activity was tested on industrial ricotta samples using the Azocasein assay. These results demonstrate the spread of aprX gene in most strains tested and the applicability of Azocasein assay to monitor the proteolytic activity in dairy products.
Evaluation of the antibacterial activity of bergamot essential oils on different Listeria monocytogenes strains
Authors: Marotta Stefania M. , Giarratana Filippo , Parco Alessio , Neri Domenico , Ziino Graziella , Giuffrida Alessandro , Panebianco Antonio
Published: December 2016

Essential oils are aromatic and volatile substances extracted from plants and characterized by antimicrobial activity. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the antibacterial activity (agar disc-diffusion method) of seven different bergamot essential oils (BEOs) on eight Listeria monocytogenes strains. Minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of most efficient BEOs was estimated. Extremely variable results for agar disc-diffusion method for L. monocytogenes strains were reported. One of the tested microorganisms resulted insensible to all the BEOs; 3 strains showed an inhibition from weak to null and the remaining 4 a variable susceptibility. Among the BEOs tested, one showed a strong activity against four pathogenic strains. Four BEOs revealed weak, moderate or null activity in all the 7 sensitive strains, while for two oils only a weak or no activity was reported. MIC values were 0.625 μL/mL for the most efficient BEO, 2.5 and 5 μL/mL for the other samples that showed moderate inhibition. Experiment results are significantly related to the strains tested (P<0.01), rather than the BEO employed (P>0.01). In conclusion, we can consider BEO as a natural technological hurdle for Listeria monocytogenes in combination with other preservation strategies. Finally, this study underlines the necessity to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of EOs on a significant strains number of the same bacteria.
Secretory Carcinoma in a 79- Year-Old Woman: An Exceptionally Rare Type of Breast Carcinoma
Authors: Montalvo Nelson , Posso Veronica , Redrobán Ligia
Published: December 2016

Secretory breast carcinoma is an exceptionally rare mammary gland neoplasia described mainly in adult females and children of both sexes, and very rarely in the elderly. It has particular histopathological and immunohistochemical features and a favorable prognosis. We report the case of a 79-year-old Hispanic woman with a palpable breast mass. Currently, the patient is disease free after a followup period of 6 years without local recurrence or axillary lymph-nodes nor distant metastases.
Preaching as art (imaging the unseen) and art as homiletics (verbalising the unseen): Towards the aesthetics of iconic thinking and poetic communication in homiletics
Authors: Louw Daniel
Published: December 2016

The article investigates the hypothesis that preaching implies more than merely verbalising, proclaiming and rhetoric reasoning. Preaching is fundamentally the art of poetic seeing; an aesthetic event on an ontic and spiritual level; that is, it provides vocabulary and images in order to help people to discover meaning in life (preaching as the art of foolishness). In this regard, preaching should provide God-images that open up the dimension of aesthetics and provide vistas of the ‘unseen’. The iconic dimension of preaching is about symbols and metaphors that help people to ‘see’ in everyday life (a poetic gaze) the presence of God in such a way that tragic events, the awareness of death and the anguish about the fear for loss and rejection become events for signifying life and for healing (the quest for wholeness). It is argued that practical theology should be about a liturgy of life. In this regard, the ‘ugliness of God’ becomes an aesthetic category in a Christian spiritual approach to iconography. In order to do this a critical approach to praxis thinking should probe into the realm of paradigms, especially paradigms that describe the ‘power of God’. Due to the assumption that the depiction of God’s power was predominantly influenced by the Serapis, Zeus and Roman cult (Emperor mystique), a paradigm shift from omni-categories (pantokrator) to bowel categories (passio Dei) in the homiletic depiction of God is proposed.
Bioethics and New Testament
Authors: Viljoen Francois P.
Published: December 2016

No abstract available.
Detection of human papilloma virus in potentially malignant and malignant lesions of the oral cavity and a study of associated risk factors
Authors: Bijina B. R. , Ahmed Junaid , Shenoy Nandita , Ongole Ravikiran , Shenoy Suchitra , Baliga Srikala
Published: December 2016

Background: Squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck is the 6 th most frequently occurring cancer worldwide, with over 400,000 cases projected annually. Multiple factors such as tobacco, alcohol, irradiation, virus, and chronic irritants are involved in the development of oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSCCs). The most important risk factors are chronic exposure to tobacco and alcohol. Although the evidence that implicates virus is increasing, particularly (human papillomavirus [HPV]), in the carcinogenesis process, the role of virus is not well established. Aim and Objective: This study is designed to assess the presence of HPV in potentially malignant and malignant lesions of the oral cavity as well as to correlate the presence of HPV with addictive habits and histopathological grading of the disease. Materials and Methods: Biopsy samples of OSCC and potentially malignant lesions were obtained and 3, 5 μm thickness sections were cut using a microtome. The sections were collected using a sterile brush and transferred to an Eppendorf tube. DNA extraction and polymerase chain reaction for the detection of HPV were done. Results and Conclusion: The association between histopathological grading and presence of HPV was assessed using Chi-square test and the values thus obtained were found to be statistically significant. HPV was more predominantly seen in well-differentiated carcinomas and moderately differentiated carcinomas as compared to poorly differentiated carcinomas.
Modified metabolic syndrome and second cancers in women: A case control study
Authors: Ortiz-Mendoza Carlos-Manuel , Pérez-Chávez Ernesto , Fuente-Vera Tania-Angélica De-la
Published: December 2016

Background: According to some studies, the metabolic syndrome causes diverse primary cancers; however, there is no evidence about metabolic syndrome impact on second cancers development in women. Aim: To find out the implication of the modified metabolic syndrome in women with second cancers. Materials and Methods: This was a case-control study, at a general hospital in Mexico City, in women with second cancers (cases) and age-matched women with only one neoplasm (controls). The analysis comprised: Tumor (s), anthropometric features, and body mass index (BMI); moreover, presence of diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and fasting serum levels of total cholesterol, triglycerides and glucose. Results: The sample was of nine cases and 27 controls. In cases, the metabolic syndrome (diabetes mellitus or glucose > 99 mg/dL + hypertension or blood pressure ≥ 135/85 mm Hg + triglycerides > 149 mg/dL or BMI ≥ 30 kg/m 2 ) was more frequent (odds ratio 20.8, 95% confidence interval: 1.9-227.1). Conclusion: Our results suggest that in women, the modified metabolic syndrome may be a risk factor for second cancers.
Preprocessing structured clinical data for predictive modeling and decision support
Authors: Oliveira Mónica , Janela Filipe , Martins Henrique , Ferrão José
Published: December 2016

Background EHR systems have high potential to improve healthcare delivery and management. Although structured EHR data generates information in machine-readable formats, their use for decision support still poses technical challenges for researchers due to the need to preprocess and convert data into a matrix format. During our research, we observed that clinical informatics literature does not provide guidance for researchers on how to build this matrix while avoiding potential pitfalls.

Objectives This article aims to provide researchers a roadmap of the main technical challenges of preprocessing structured EHR data and possible strategies to overcome them.

Methods Along standard data processing stages – extracting database entries, defining features, processing data, assessing feature values and integrating data elements, within an EDPAI framework –, we identified the main challenges faced by researchers and reflect on how to address those challenges based on lessons learned from our research experience and on best practices from related literature. We highlight the main potential sources of error, present strategies to approach those challenges and discuss implications of these strategies.

Results Following the EDPAI framework, researchers face five key challenges: (1) gathering and integrating data, (2) identifying and handling different feature types, (3) combining features to handle redundancy and granularity, (4) addressing data missingness, and (5) handling multiple feature values. Strategies to address these challenges include: crosschecking identifiers for robust data retrieval and integration; applying clinical knowledge in identifying feature types, in addressing redundancy and granularity, and in accommodating multiple feature values; and investigating missing patterns adequately.

Conclusions This article contributes to literature by providing a roadmap to inform structured EHR data preprocessing. It may advise researchers on potential pitfalls and implications of methodological decisions in handling structured data, so as to avoid biases and help realize the benefits of the secondary use of EHR data.

Citation: Ferrão JC, Oliveira MD, Janela F, Martins HMG. Preprocessing structured clinical data for predictive modeling and decision support – a roadmap to tackle the challenges.
Evaluating lossy data compression on climate simulation data within a large ensemble
Authors: Baker Allison H. , Hammerling Dorit M. , Mickelson Sheri A. , Xu Haiying , Stolpe Martin B. , Naveau Phillipe , Sanderson Ben , Ebert-Uphoff Imme , Samarasinghe Savini , De Simone Francesco , Carbone Francesco , Gencarelli Christian N. , Dennis John M. , Kay Jennifer E. , Lindstrom Peter
Published: December 2016

Abstract. High-resolution Earth system model simulations generate enormous data volumes, and retaining the data from these simulations often strains institutional storage resources. Further, these exceedingly large storage requirements negatively impact science objectives, for example, by forcing reductions in data output frequency, simulation length, or ensemble size. To lessen data volumes from the Community Earth System Model (CESM), we advocate the use of lossy data compression techniques. While lossy data compression does not exactly preserve the original data (as lossless compression does), lossy techniques have an advantage in terms of smaller storage requirements. To preserve the integrity of the scientific simulation data, the effects of lossy data compression on the original data should, at a minimum, not be statistically distinguishable from the natural variability of the climate system, and previous preliminary work with data from CESM has shown this goal to be attainable. However, to ultimately convince climate scientists that it is acceptable to use lossy data compression, we provide climate scientists with access to publicly available climate data that have undergone lossy data compression. In particular, we report on the results of a lossy data compression experiment with output from the CESM Large Ensemble (CESM-LE) Community Project, in which we challenge climate scientists to examine features of the data relevant to their interests, and attempt to identify which of the ensemble members have been compressed and reconstructed. We find that while detecting distinguishing features is certainly possible, the compression effects noticeable in these features are often unimportant or disappear in post-processing analyses. In addition, we perform several analyses that directly compare the original data to the reconstructed data to investigate the preservation, or lack thereof, of specific features critical to climate science. Overall, we conclude that applying lossy data compression to climate simulation data is both advantageous in terms of data reduction and generally acceptable in terms of effects on scientific results.
Régimen jurídico-fiscal de residuos procedentes de la construcción
Authors: De La Fuente Aguirre David
Published: December 2016

En el presente trabajo se hace una presentación sobre la importancia de la gestión de los residuos, en concreto, de los residuos de construcción y demolición (RCD). Su correcta gestión, diferente en cada lugar del mundo, pasa por la implementación y utilización de instrumentos de regulación, entre los que se encuentran los instrumentos económicos de protección ambiental. Centrándose en el caso de España, se estudia la posibilidad de introducción de un impuesto a la entrega de este tipo de residuos en vertederos para su disposición final, buscando de este modo un cambio de conducta en los productores de RCD, hacia otras más responsables con el medio ambiente . Todo ello sin perder de vista el uso de medidas complementarias y de otros instrumentos de regulación importantes como lo son los normativos.
La contaminación lumínica. Aproximación al problema en el barrio de Sants (Barcelona)
Authors: Moreno García Mª Carmen , Martín Moreno Adán
Published: December 2016

La contaminación lumínica es la iluminación artificial nocturna excesiva o defectuosa en las ciudades, principalmente. Sus efectos negativos son: la difusión hacia el cielo, que dificulta la observación astronómica; la intrusión lumínica, o penetración de la luz por las ventanas, dificultando el sueño; el deslumbramiento y el sobreconsumo energético. Una vez presentados los conceptos sobre la contaminación lumínica y analizados los tipos de luminarias, se estudia el caso del barrio de Sants en la ciudad de Barcelona. Se han realizado transectos por 21 calles y plazas, y un amplio inventario fotográfico, detectándose problemas de intrusión lumínica en el 57,1% de las vías analizadas.
Valoración de los ecoservicios en los agroecosistemas españoles: un estado de la cuestión
Authors: Aznar Sánchez José Ángel , Velasco Muñoz Juan Francisco
Published: December 2016

El estudio de los servicios provistos por los ecosistemas es un área de investigación de un gran dinamismo. La valoración de estos servicios es muy importante tanto para el diseño de políticas de conservación como para la gestión de los ecosistemas. En este trabajo se presenta una panorámica de la evolución que ha seguido la investigación en valoración de ecoservicios provistos por agroecosistemas en España. Se han analizado los artículos incluidos en la base de datos del Institute for Scientific Information (ISI) entre los años 2002 y 2015. Los resultados indican que la mayor parte de los trabajos se centra en la agricultura extensiva, que el enfoque económico ha sido el más utilizado, que el agroforestal ha sido el agroecosistema más valorado junto con la agricultura de regadío, y que entre los métodos de valoración más utilizados destacan el análisis coste-beneficio, la valoración contingente y el método del coste de viaje.
Manejo y separación de residuos sólidos urbanos. Análisis comparativo entre Madrid (España) y el distrito especial industrial y portuario de Barranquillas (Colombia)
Authors: Freiles Ariza Norida Suley
Published: December 2016

El incremento de la generación de residuos sólidos es un problema que afecta con un notable deterioro al medio ambiente. Un buen manejo y aprovechamiento de los mismos es crucial para mejorar la calidad de vida en las ciudades. En el presente trabajo se analizan comparativamente la gestión de los residuos sólidos urbanos en las ciudades de Barranquilla y Madrid. Para obtener la información se han consultado diferentes fuentes desde páginas web municipales, a documentos de prensa, pasando por revistas científicas, artículos de divulgación, entrevistas a técnicos responsables y visitas a centros de tratamiento. Los resultados muestran notables diferencias entre los dos municipios analizados, observando la importancia de la normativa legal, las infraestructuras que permiten su desarrollo y la concienciación ciudadana adquirida en programas de educación ambiental como factores ligados que contribuyen decisivamente al éxito en la gestión de los residuos sólidos urbanos.
Combining Tier 2 and Tier 3 Supports for Students with Disabilities in General Education Settings
Authors: MacLeod K. Sandra , Hawken Leanne S. , O'Neill Robert E. , Bundock Kaitlin
Published: December 2016

Secondary level or Tier 2 interventions such as the Check-in Check-out (CICO) intervention effectively reduce problem behaviors of students who are non-responsive to school-wide interventions. However, some students will not be successful with Tier 2 interventions. This study investigated the effects of adding individualized function-based support for four students with disabilities who were not successful in general education settings while receiving only a secondary level intervention. Results indicated that the combination of secondary and individualized function-based interventions effectively decreased problem behavior for all participants. Teachers and students rated the interventions as acceptable and effective. Research and practice implications are discussed.
Light Quality Effect on Corn Growth as Influenced by Weed Species and Nitrogen Rate
Authors: Butts Thomas R. , Miller Joshua J. , Pruitt J. Derek , Vieira Bruno C. , Oliveira Maxwel C. , Ramirez II Salvador , Lindquist John L.
Published: December 2016

Corn-weed competition has often been characterized as the competition for limited resources such as light quantity, water, and nutrients. However, growing evidence suggests that light quality, specifically the red:far red ratio (R:FR), is a crucial component to corn-weed interactions. Additionally, a reduction in the R:FR has shown to down-regulate plant genes similarly to a nitrogen (N) deficient environment. A greenhouse study was conducted to evaluate the effect of N stress and R:FR from common waterhemp, velvetleaf, and volunteer corn on corn growth and development. The R:FR for all three weed species tended to be similar but lower than a weed-free treatment. However, observations from the spectral response curves demonstrated significant changes in the patterns of light reflected from each weed species. In the N-sufficient environment, early-season (V5 corn growth stage) R:FR from all three weed species reduced corn height, leaf chlorophyll content, and shoot biomass while increasing fibrous root biomass. However, in the N-deficient environment, no effects were observed on corn growth from changes in light quality, indicating N stress was a greater limiting factor. These results highlight the importance of the critical weed-free period and the need for proper early-season weed management.
Book Review: Mason’s World Encyclopedia of Livestock Breeds and Breeding
Authors: Vizzarri Francesco
Published: December 2016

In this new book, Mason’s World Encyclopedia of Livestock Breeds and Breeding, Valerie Porter, Lawrence Alderson, Stephen J. G. Hall and D. Phillip Sponenberg present us a unique, comprehensive and fully cross-referenced guide to findings, evidences and reports on domestication (including wild ancestors and related species), potential domesticants, genetics and breeding, as well as cultural and social aspects of livestock farming, genetic conservation and the use of livestock for conservation grazing. Read this book review by Francesco Vizzarri to find out more about this book.
Study of the Relationship between Strategic Human Resource Management and Firm Performance (Case Study: Iran Khodro Company)
Authors: Jannatian Matin
Published: December 2016

Strategic human resource management is related to strategic and sustainable management and control of the most valuable assets of firm that are staffs working in it helping the company to achieve its goals. The purpose of this paper is to study the relationship between strategic human resource management and performance of Iran Khodro Company. Statistical population of this study includes all staff (54000 members) of Iran Khodro Company that 384 members were chosen out of them using Morgan table. A questionnaire with 28 items was used through survey method to collect data. To test hypotheses, Pearson test was used through SPSS-19 software. According to the obtained results of study, there is a positive relationship between dimensions of human resource management and performance of Iran Khodro Company.
As doenças como exempla: epidemias e mortes nas cartas do jesuíta José de Anchieta
Authors: Anzolin André Soares
Published: December 2016

Este estudo objetiva examinar as interpretações e as construções retóricas desenvolvidas pelo jesuíta José de Anchieta em suas descrições a respeito de casos de doenças que acometeram os Tupinambá da costa atlântica. Para isto, utiliza trechos de correspondências escritas pelo missionário entre os anos de 1556 e 1563. A partir de uma análise discursiva, constata-se que esses relatos, apesar de unânimes em destacar esses fenômenos como manifestações da Providência Divina, diferenciavam-se de acordo com as inclinações que os enfermos apresentavam em receber e praticar os ensinamentos cristãos. Foi possível ainda apontar que a tópica das doenças desenvolvia funções de exemplum nas cartas do missionário, o que lhe permitia exaltar a atuação dos inacianos e, por consequência, realizar a propaganda da missão jesuítica. O estudo permite compreender como, mesmo tratando de temas funestos, Anchieta logrou construir relatos capazes de gerar experiências devocionais em seus leitores.
A educação superior no regime militar: rupturas ou continuidades?
Authors: Silva Gustavo Bianch
Published: December 2016

O objetivo deste artigo é discutir o processo de mudança no ensino superior brasileiro no contexto do governo de João Goulart até a ditadura militar. Apesar do seu caráter progressista, a atuação política de Jango não foi eficiente na modernização do ensino superior. No governo militar, a pressão pelas reformas educacionais aumentava à medida que o reconhecimento da crise no setor ficava mais claro, o que foi evidenciado na Reforma Universitária de 1968. Diante desse cenário político de grandes mudanças, algumas questões são necessárias: no tocante à educação superior, o golpe representou uma ruptura com o governo anterior? As mudanças feitas pelos militares foram originais ou apresentaram demandas do regime anterior? Como explicar o projeto educacional consubstanciado na reforma universitária de 1968? Neste aspecto, a problematização levantada neste texto busca questionar até que ponto as noções conservadoras aplicadas à reforma universitária se hibridizaram com o reformismo do período anterior ao golpe.
Utilização de cinco bases cartográficas distintas para a determinação de áreas de preservação permanente no município de Rio Acima, MG: divergências en-tre os resultados / Using five different cartographic bases for determining permanent preservation area
Authors: Guimarães Felipe Silva , Guimarães Lucas Da Silva
Published: December 2016

O estudo foi realizado no município de Rio Acima, localizado ao sul da região metropolitana de Belo Horizonte - MG. Na primeira etapa, foi feita a determinação das áreas de preservação permanente (APPs) do município, segundo a Lei 12.651 e a resolução CONAMA 303/2002 (esta última para delimitar as APPs de topo de morro), utilizando cinco bases topográficas distintas: vetorização de cartas do IBGE na escala de 1:50.000, imagem SRTM, Topodata, ASTER V2 e uma base vetorial disponibilizada pelo Codemig com curvas de nível equidistantes em 10 metros. Na segunda etapa, foram calculadas as áreas de cada uma das classes de APP resultantes dos mapeamentos feitos a partir de todas as bases e, em seguida, estes valores foram comparados. Ao final, foi observado que os resultados obtidos a partir da base do IBGE e da imagem ASTER V2 são os que apresentam característica mais restritiva, ou seja, com maiores áreas de preservação. Por outro lado, o mapa de áreas de preservação permanente confeccionado a partir da imagem SRTM foi o que apresentou caráter menos restritivo. Neste estudo também são discutidas outras diferenças entre os mapas elaborados a partir das cinco bases. 

 

Palavras–chave: Município de Rio Acima, áreas de preservação permanente, modelos digitais de elevação, resolução espacial.

 

 

Abstract

This study was conducted in the municipality of Rio Acima (Minas Gerais State) located in the southern Belo Horizonte metropolitan region. In the first stage five different topographic bases were used to lay down the city permanent preservation areas (PPA) according to the Law 12,651 and CONAMA resolution 303/2002 (the latter to delimit the hilltop’s PPAs PPAs). These bases are the following: the vector at a 1:50.000 scale provided by the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE), SRTM image, image provided by INPE Topodata project, ASTER V2 Image and a vector base released by Codemig with 10 meters contour distance. In the second stage the areas of each one PPA classes were calculated resulting from all mapping bases. Then these values were compared. Finally it was observed that the results obtained from the ASTER V2 image and IBGE base are those with more restrictive features or in other words the result with lager PPAs. Moreover, the map of permanent preservation areas made from SRTM image showed the least restrictive character. This study also discusses other differences between the maps drawn from the five bases.

 

Keywords: Rio Acima municipality, permanent preservation areas, digital elevation models,   spacial resolution.
A Geografia da Escalada em Minas Gerais / The Geography of Climbing in Minas Gerais
Authors: Contaldo de Lara Diego , Barbosa Caldeira Altino
Published: December 2016

Nossa pesquisa surgiu com objetivo de realizar o inventário e mapeamento da Escalada em Minas Gerais. Essa atividade é uma prática mundial, antiga, mas que historicamente é recente em nosso estado. Para realização desta pesquisa, partimos do estudo de dados gerados pela Federação de Montanhismo e Escalada de Minas Gerais (FEMEMG) e de registros realizados por escaladores, clubes e entidades civis de escalada e montanhismo. Tais registros possuem grande valor geográfico. Porém, essas informações disponíveis não apresentam aprofundamento de análise que representem sínteses sobre o desenvolvimento e fluxo da atividade. Por meio das técnicas de geoprocessamento, trabalhos de campo, entrevistas, tratamento e espacialização dos dados disponíveis e outros que estão sendo coletados, pretendemos realizar a Geografia da Escalada em Minas Gerais.

Abstract

Nossa pesquisa surgiu com objetivo de realizar o inventário e mapeamento da Escalada em Minas Gerais. Essa atividade é uma prática mundial, antiga, mas que historicamente é recente em nosso estado. Para realização desta pesquisa, partimos do estudo de dados gerados pela Federação de Montanhismo e Escalada de Minas Gerais (FEMEMG) e de registros realizados por escaladores, clubes e entidades civis de escalada e montanhismo. Tais registros possuem grande valor geográfico. Porém, essas informações disponíveis não apresentam aprofundamento de análise que representem sínteses sobre o desenvolvimento e fluxo da atividade. Por meio das técnicas de geoprocessamento, trabalhos de campo, entrevistas, tratamento e espacialização dos dados disponíveis e outros que estão sendo coletados, pretendemos realizar a Geografia da Escalada em Minas Gerais.

 

Palavras–chave: Geografia. Escalada. Minas Gerais.

 

Abstract

Our research came with the purpose of carrying out the inventory, mapping and special analysis of the Climbing in Minas Gerais. This activity is a world practice, old but historically recent in our state. To carry out this research, we started with the study of data generated by the Federation of Mountaineering and Climbing of Minas Gerais (FEMEMG) and of records made by climbers, clubs and civil organizations of climbing and mountaineering. Such records have great geographical value. However, this available information does not present deep analysis that represents syntheses about the development and flow of the activity. Through the techniques of geoprocessing, fieldwork, interviews, treatment and spatialization of available data and from some others that are being collected, we intend to carry out the Geography of Climbing in Minas Gerais.

 

Keywords: Geography. Climbing. Minas Gerais
Avaliação da vulnerabilidade ambiental do distrito de Glaura - Município de Ouro Preto-MG / The Environmental Vulnerability Evaluation of the Glaura District - Ouro Preto-MG
Authors: Ferreira Cruz Ewerton , Aparecida de Freitas Neiva Janaína , Inácio Rafael Douglas , Ferreira Costa Paulo Sérgio , Antonio Maciel Moreira Alecir
Published: December 2016

Glaura, um distrito de Ouro Preto, que faz parte do circuito da Estrada Real em Minas Gerais, possui elevado potencial turístico, seja por seus atributos naturais ou herança histórica. Isto tem se revertido em investimento imobiliário e, de forma subsequente, em expansão urbana. Todavia, de forma geral, a expansão urbana carece da observação de parâmetros técnicos para fins de planejamento, o que potencializa a geração de riscos ambientais. Desta forma,  objetivo desta pesquisa é avaliar os riscos ambientais naturais deste Distrito, de forma a subsidiar o Plano Diretor do Município de Ouro Preto. Sua relevância social repousa na necessidade da redução do potencial de riscos e, na perspectiva geográfica evidencia a necessidade desta ciência para a gestão do território, mostrando ser fundamental para a tomada de decisão. O resultado final é o mapa de vulnerabilidade ambiental produzido por meio de técnicas de geoprocessamento e desenvolvido a partir da metodologia utilizada por Crepani et al. (2001).

 

Palavras–chave: Vulnerabilidade Ambiental; Glaura; Estrada Real; Gestão de Território; Geologia.

 

Abstract

Glaura, a district of Ouro Preto, which is part of the Royal Road circuit (Estrada Real) in Minas Gerais state, has high tourist potential, either by its natural attributes or historical heritage. This has been reversed in real estate investment and subsequent form in urban expansion. However, in general, urban expansion requires the observation of technical parameters for planning purposes, which enhances the generation of environmental risks. Thus, the goal of this research is to evaluate the natural environmental risks of this District, in order to support the Master Plan of the Ouro Preto city. Its social relevance is grounded in the need to reduce the potential risk and the geographical perspective highlights the need for this science to the territory management, proving to be primordial for decision-making. The end result is the environmental vulnerability map produced by geoprocessing techniques and developed from the methodology used by Crepani et al. (2001).

 

Keywords: Environmental Vulnerability. Glaura. Royal Road. Territory Management. Geology.
De Corinto a Diamantina: geossistemas no contato entre a Planície do Rio das Velhas e a Serra do Espinhaço Meridional, Minas Gerais / From Corinto to Diamantina: Geosystems in the contact between the Rio das Velhas Plain and the Southern Espinhaço (...)
Authors: Couto Leandro Cosme Oliveira , Travassos Luiz Eduardo Panisset
Published: December 2016

O trabalho busca a identificação dos geossistemas existentes no contato entre a planície do Rio das Velhas e a borda oeste da Serra do Espinhaço Meridional. Esta área surge como amostra representativa de ampla diversidade geoecológica em razão de sua localização. A pesquisa baseou-se nos conceitos de paisagem e de geossistemas, norteando os trabalhos de campo. Os dados digitais fornecidos por órgãos oficiais foram levantados e consolidados, permitindo a realização de três transectos e a identificação de 04 geossistemas na área de estudos. De oeste para leste, partindo do município de Corinto até Diamantina, tem-se a Planície do Rio das Velhas, o Carste de Monjolos, a Serra do Cabral e a Serra do Espinhaço Meridional, sendo este último compartimento composto por 03 geofácies (Face Oeste, Interflúvio e Face Leste). Estes geossistemas confirmam a diversidade geoecológica existente no contato entre a planície do Rio das Velhas e a borda oeste da Serra do Espinhaço Meridional.

 

Palavras–chave: Paisagem; geossistema; carste; Serra do Espinhaço Meridional.

 

 

Abstract

This research has the objective of identifying existing geosystems in the contact between the Rio das Velhas Plain and the western edge of the Southern Espinhaço Ridge. This area appears as a representative example of a broad geoecological diversity due to its location. The research was based on the concepts of landscape and geosystems that guided the fieldworks. The digital data provided by official agencies were gathered and consolidated, enabling the execution of three transects and the identification of 04 geosystems in the study area. From west to east, from the municipality of Corinto to Diamantina, there is the Rio das Velhas Plain, the Karst of Monjolos, the Serra do Cabral and the Southern Espinhaço Ridge, the latter compartment is made of 03 geofacies (West Face, Interfluve and East Face). These geosystems confirm the geoecological diversity that exists in the contact between the Rio das Velhas Plain and the western edge of the Southern Espinhaço Ridge.

 

Keywords: Landscape; geosystems; karst; Southern Espinhaço Ridge.
Além do portão de desembarque: uma análise da conectividade dos aeroportos portugueses e suas implicações sobre os fluxos migratórios / Beyond the boarding gate: an analysis of the Portuguese airports and their implications on migration flows
Authors: Sá Patricia Rodrigues Costa , Fernandes Duval Magalhães
Published: December 2016

Este artigo tem como objetivo discutir a posição estratégica de Portugal no mapa migratório da Europa, a partir dos fluxos aéreos coletados entre os aeroportos do país, outros aeroportos da União Europeia e países de língua portuguesa. Baseia-se na concepção de redes e grafos para elaborar um retrato da conectividade aérea, através da análise de dados de voos de um dia de semana típico. Mediante análise comparativa da conectividade aérea de Portugal e de outros aeroportos europeus, desperta para a vulnerabilidade de aeroportos e cidades situados em nós aéreos estratégicos, bem como para a necessidade de estudos sobre as redes de tráfego aéreo, paralelamente às redes sociais de migrantes.

 

Palavras-chave:  Portugal, migrações, aeroportos, redes.

 

Abstract

This paper aims at discussing the strategic position of Portugal on the migratory map of Europe from the perspective of the connections among its airports and other airports located in the European Union and in Portuguese-speaking countries. The approach relies on the concepts of networks and graphs to draw a picture of air connectivity from flight data collected on a typical weekday. The comparative analysis of air connectivity in Portugal, other airports in Europe and airports of Portuguese-speaking countries intends to shed a light on the vulnerability of airports and cities that represent nodal points from the perspective of air flows, as well as on the need for further studies that focus on aerial networks and social networks simultaneously.   

 

Keywords: Portugal, migrations, airports, networks.
Xeremiers De Sa Calatrava, from Heydey to Unemployment: Lives Dedicated to the Mallorcan Bagpipes
Authors: Balosso-Bardin Cassandre
Published: December 2016

Since 1976, [our] goal has been to fight against the Franco/tourist mono-culture with its flamenco, bulls, sangria and the PhalangistSección Femeninaregional folklorism with itscoros i danzasand white shirts and red kerchiefs that are still part of the San Fermin costume to this day. As we became interested in [thexeremies], we found ourselves with a problem: the majority of the musicians were very old people, and in order to restore its dignity, we decided [that] we would collect what was left of the musical formation and ensure its secular presence in village celebrations. And I think that something came out of it. Otherwise, look around you. What it used to be and what it has become: what a difference! (Rotger and Rubio 2015)
Storiesl of Differentiation and Association: Narrative Identity and the JolaEkonting
Authors: Linford Scott V.
Published: December 2016

Traditional musical instruments make useful symbols of identity because they are often unique to a particular social group and therefore serve as markers of distinction from other groups. This is true of theekonting(see figure 1), a three-stringed plucked lute that is played almost exclusively by people of the Jola ethnic group in Senegal, The Gambia, and Guinea-Bissau. One player of theekonting(pl.sikonting)describes the instrument much like an identification badge: “No matter where you go, if you see someone playing theekonting, you will know that person is a Jola.” Ethnomusicological literature abounds with similar cases, where there is said to be a one-to-one relationship between a musical instrument and the social identity of the performer. However, constructivist models of social identity, emphasizing multiplicity, changeability, and relationality, complicate this apparently straightforward relationship, even if ethnomusicologists too often treat the subject of identity in contradictory ways (Rice 2007). In this paper, I approach theekontingthrough sociologist Margaret Somers's (1994, 1992) paradigm of narrative identity, which emphasizes the relational and ontological qualities of narrative production. I argue that theekontingserves not as a signifier of ana priorisocial identity, but instead as a site for the narrative production of Jola ethnicity. This narrative production both differentiates Jolas from—and associates them with—other regional, national, and transnational identity narratives. After an explanation of this paradigm and a contextualization of the cultural stakes, I demonstrate this argument through two vignettes describing different directions of narrative production around theekonting.
A Computer-Based Study of Scales on the Kazakh Dombra and Kyl-Kobyz
Authors: Utegalieva Saule
Published: December 2016

This article addresses the pitches, intervals, and scales of the dombra and kyl-kobyz, the most prominent two-stringed lutes of the Kazakh people (see figure 1). The dombra has tied-on frets and is plucked; in the past the strings were made from gut, but now they are made from artificial string (usually fishing line). The kyl-kobyz is a bowed, fretless lute with horsehair strings. Both instruments have an important place in the music culture of the Kazakh people. The dombra is one of the most important cultural symbols of Kazakhstan. In the lives of the Kazakh nomads of the past and present, no family celebration was complete without it, and today it is featured at public holiday and observances. The tones of the dombra— warm and velvety, like the sounds of their native language—are familiar to every Kazakh from childhood. Whereas the dombra is ubiquitous in the Republic of Kazakhstan, the sphere of the kobyz is more limited. It belongs to the category of sacred instruments, and in the past it was the province of baksy (the Kazakh term for healers and shamans). As a consequence, during the Soviet era the instrument was forgotten for ideological reasons. Only since the 1960s and 1970s has the kyl-kobyz tradition been revived.