bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Assessing the Critical Success Factors for Aquaculture Enterprise Development in South Africa
Authors: Brown-Webb Bernadette , Nesamvuni Azwihangwisi E. , De Bruyn Melanie , Van Niekerk Johan A. , Pillay Parsuramen
Published: March 2022

In South Africa, small enterprise development is an important strategy for the economic growth, transformation and eradication of poverty and inequality. The government also promotes the development of the aquaculture sector to provide food security, contribute to wealth and job creation, provide livelihood opportunities, and contribute to transformation. South African businesses unfortunately have a low rate of business sustainability. This study investigated the critical success factors enabling aquaculture enterprises in South Africa to become self-sustainable, and the potential reasons for failure including those enterprises that received public funding. The study was conducted on the West Coast of the Western Cape, South Africa. A multiple-case study approach was followed, focusing on the marine mussel farming sub-sector in Saldanha Bay. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with the owners or managers of ten mussel farming enterprises, and with nine representatives of role players with responsibility or experience in aquaculture, agriculture, or enterprise development.
The results of the study indicated that aquaculture farmers and role players have a similar understanding of the concept of self-sustainability in aquaculture agribusinesses, especially the need for profitability and independence. The most critical success factors for self-sustainable aquaculture enterprises include environmentally responsible and sustainable farming practices, efficiently addressing economic challenges and opportunities, cultivating good business leadership and management, and a supportive business and enabling environment. The main reasons for failing to become self-sustainable include environmentally unsustainable farming practices, economic challenges, weak business leadership and management, and challenges related to the business and enabling environment. The paper argues that commercially focused aquaculture ventures could achieve social benefits, however, socially-focused ventures are unlikely to achieve commercial benefits. The study recommends interventions that could assist aquaculture enterprises in addressing the critical factors described in this paper, to achieve self-sustainability in the long term.
Assessing the impacts of COVID-19 on the aquaculture industry in South Africa, using the marine mussel farming sector as a case study
Authors: Brown-Webb Bernadette , Nesamvuni Azwihangwisi E. , De Bruyn Melanie , Van Niekerk Johan A. , Pillay Parsuramen
Published: March 2022

This study investigated the impacts of COVID-19 on the aquaculture sector in South Africa. The study was conducted on the West Coast of the Western Cape, South Africa. A multiple-case study approach was followed, focusing on the marine mussel farming sub-sector in Saldanha Bay. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with the owners or managers of nine mussel farming enterprises, and with nine representatives of role players with responsibility or experience in aquaculture, agriculture, or enterprise development. The results of the study focussed on the impacts of COVID-19 on the aquaculture sector and role player organizations; COVID-19 support; initiatives for preparation, survival, and rebuilding; factors promoting resilience, survival, and rebuilding; and requirements to survive and rebuild the sector. The main impact on the aquaculture sector was the closure of markets, which led to cascading impacts on all aspects of the value chain. Role players were affected through impacts on programmes, projects, and staff. Various COVID-19 relief schemes were made available however these could not address all the needs of the sector. Enterprises prepare for the pandemic and the future through long term planning. The main factors contributing to resilience were subsidisation from shareholders, having reserve funds and multiple streams of revenue. The most critical requirements to survive and rebuild the sector was financial support and the opening of markets. The study recommends follow up assessments of the aquaculture industry to fully understand and quantify the effects of the prolonged pandemic and provide tailor-made solutions for each sub-sector to stabilise, revive and grow the aquaculture sector in the medium to long term. Aquaculture enterprises that have closed or are at risk of closure should be prioritised first before any investment in new ventures is considered. In addition, the development of an aquaculture industry-based Business Continuity Strategy and the Ocean Economy Master plan should be prioritised to assist enterprises until the pandemic is over, to prepare for normalisation of operations thereafter, and to prepare the sector and individual enterprises to be more resilient in case of future global crises and disasters.
Sensory integration of the tactile sensory system of children with developmental disabilities
Authors: Salkic Naim , Ahmetovic Zulfo , Velic Safet , Prazina Nedžad
Published: March 2022

Sensory integration is the organization of the senses for their use. It is a neuro-biological activity that allows the reception and processing of sensory information, which in large quantities from the senses come to the brain, at all times. The aim of the study is to examine the prevalence of sensory integration difficulties of the tactile sensory system of children with developmental disabilities, and to establish the statistical significance of differences in relation to the type of difficulty. The total sample of respondents (N=60) consisted of four subsamples of 15 respondents, namely; children with autism, children with Down syndrome, children with hearing impairment and children with sight impairment. The Mann-Whitney U test and the Wilcoxon W test at the level of statistical significance of p<0.05 were used to test the statistical significance of the differences between the subsamples of the subjects. The results of the study show that 86.67% of children with autism, 66.67% of children with Down syndrome, 20% of children with hearing impairment and 40% of children with sight impairment have difficulties with sensory integration of the tactile system. Children with hearing impairment (Rank M 43.97), children with sight impairment (Rank M 35.03), children with Down syndrome, and children with autism (Rank M 14.93) show the least difficulty in sensory integration of the tactile sensory system. There is a statistically significant difference in the difficulties of sensory integration of the tactile sensory system between children with autism, children with Down syndrome, children with hearing impairment and children with sight impairment at the level of statistical significance of p<0.05.
Potential Protective Effects of Strawberry (Fragaria Ananassa) Leaves Against Alloxan Induced Type 2 Diabetes in Rats: Molecular, Biological and Biochemical Studies
Authors: Elhassaneen Yousif A. , Hassab El-Nabi Sobhy E. , Mahran Mohammed Z. , Bayomi Asmaa I. , Badwy Esraa Z.
Published: March 2022

The present study aimed to clarify the effect of strawberry (Fragaria ananassa) leaves powder on some biological, biochemical and molecular parameters of alloxan-induced diabetes in rats. Diabetic rats were fed treated daily with four doses (2.5, 5 , 7.5 and 10%, w/w) of strawberry leaves powder (SLP) for 28 days, and some molecular parameters for diabetic rats were fed treated daily with two doses (7.5 and 10%, w/w) of strawberry leaves powder for 24 hours ,3 days and 10 days after preliminary study. Diabetic rats exhibited significant decreases in BWG, FI, FER values and increases the relative organs (liver, kidney, heart, spleen and lungs) weight as compared to the control. Also, significant increases in blood glucose, liver functions (AST and ALT) and kidney functions (urea and creatinine) parameters in diabetic rats as compared to the control. Supplementation of the rat diets with 2.5% to 10% w/w by SLP decreased the blood glucose level and improved the hyperglycemia complications includes liver and kidneys functions. For molecular data, feeding diabetic rats with SLP caused a significant (p≤0.05) increased in the values of mean maximal optical density (MODY) of RNA as compared with control diabetic rats. Also, diabetes increase DNA damage (maximal optical density of apoptotic fragments) of liver and pancreas in rats which has been significantly improved by feeding SLP. In conclusion, date of the present study provide a basis for the use of SLP for the prevention and/or treatment of T2D instead of/beside the synthetic medications which may have unwanted side effects.
IVORY CHARACTERIZATION USING PORTABLE VIBRATIONAL SPECTROMETRY
Authors: ENGEL Wanda , GENNARI Roseli Fernandes , FERREIRA Cauê , RIZZUTTO Marcia
Published: March 2022

Ivory was commonly used in the manufacture of numerous objects. It refers to the tusk and teeth of animals. Almost all ivory pieces, in the past, found on the market were authentic; however, nowadays, ivory extraction is an illegal practice. Thus, official government and animal protection entities have been fighting intensely against this criminal practice, but the production and sale continue. There are numerous difficulties in identifying the illegal extraction and use of ivory, and the correct characterization is certainly a significant challenge. A proper ivory characterization is an important tool in the fight against ivory extraction once it is possible to trace the piece to the animal and sometimes even to its origin. It is also useful for museums and art collectors to verify the authenticity of the piece. Ivory, also known as the inorganic gemstone, is composed of calcium phosphate, collagen, elastin, and lipids. Different tests can differentiate ivory from bones or celluloid; however, some can damage the piece. Because of that, analytical techniques are preferred. However, the method to be used must have the capability of differencing small differences once the chemical elements present in ivory, bone, or even celluloid are the same. In this work, three analytical methodologies were used to check the possibility of having an alternative test applied on supposed ivory samples. All three methods used, X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF) and vibrational spectrometry techniques (FT-IR and Raman), are portable equipment to facilitate the analysis in situ. FT-IR and Raman spectra obtained had shown differences between bone and ivory samples, indicating the art collector samples are probably ivory. These differences allied with the portability of the analysis can be used as an additional test to be done in ivory and bone-based materials.
Nailfold capillaroscopy changes with disease activity in patients with inflammatory myositis including overlap myositis, pure dermatomyositis, and pure polymyositis
Authors: Shenavandeh Saeedeh , Rashidi Farideh
Published: March 2022

Objectives

Nailfold capillaroscopy (NFC) is useful in the evaluation of connective tissue diseases. There are few capillaroscopy examinations in patients with idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIMs) using the 2017 European League Against Rheumatism/American College of Rheumatology (EULAR/ACR) classification. We evaluated the clinical, laboratory, and NFC in patients with IIMs using 2 classifications.

Material and methods

In this cross-sectional study, 150 patients with IIMs were selected based on the EULAR/ACR classification and the Troyanov and Senécal classification. Nailfold capillaroscopy, laboratory tests, clinical manifestations, and disease activity were evaluated.

Results

The subgroups were as follows: 81 patient with dermatomyositis (DM), 25 with amyopathic dermatomyositis (ADM), 25 with juvenile dermatomyositis (JDM), 19 with polymyositis (PM),53 with pure DM, 11 with pure PM, and 51 with overlap myositis (OM). Eight (42%) patients with PM and 28 (34.5%) patients with DM were categorized as OM. The scleroderma pattern was the dominant capillaroscopy pattern in the DM (72.8%), JDM (72%), ADM (76%), pure DM (75.4%), and OM (78.4%) subgroups, respectively. In the DM, ADM, JDM, and OM subgroups, scleroderma pattern had an association with high skin Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) score (p < 0.05). In OM patients, the association between scleroderma pattern and high global VAS was also detected (p < 0.05).

Conclusions

The scleroderma pattern was the dominant capillaroscopy pattern in all groups except for PM and pure PM. Some of patients with PM could be categorized as OM. In the DM and pure DM subgroups, there was a significant association between global and skin activity and higher NFC score. Adding the NFC to the classification of IIM is probably helpful in more detailed classifications.
Could IL-1β, IL-6, IFN-γ, and sP-selectin serum levels be considered as objective and quantifiable markers of rheumatoid arthritis severity and activity?
Authors: Koper-Lenkiewicz Olga , Gińdzieńska-Sieśkiewicz Ewa , Kamińska Joanna , Milewska Anna , Kowal-Bielecka Otylia , Matowicka-Karna Joanna
Published: March 2022

Objectives

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a multisystem, chronic, T-cell-mediated disease in which immunological abnormalities result in symmetrical small joint inflammation, articular destruction due to synovitis, and extra-articular organ involvement. An important role in the pathogenesis of RA is attributed to a combination of genetic factors and environmental triggers. Literature data on the utility of circulating IL-1, IL-6, IFN-, and sP-selectin concentration evaluation depending on the activity and advancement of RA seems to be inconclusive. The aim was a case-control study evaluating IL-1, IL-6, IFN-, and sP-selectin concentrations in 77 RA patients dependent on the Steinbrocker classification as well as the disease activity score with examination of 28 joints (DAS28), and compared to 30 control subjects.

Material and methods

Serum IL-1, IL-6, IFN-, and sP-selectin concentrations were measured using ELISA kits.

Results

The concentrations of all molecules tested, except for IL-1, were significantly different from the control group. Univariate logistic regression analysis indicated that their levels significantly influenced the likelihood of RA diagnosis. Differences between IL-1, IL-6, IFN-, and sP-selectin concentrations dependent on the disease activity assessed on the basis of the DAS28 score, as well as the severity of the disease assessed based on the Steinbrocker classification, were not observed. IL-6 positively correlated with the DAS28 score.

Conclusions

Among the tested molecules, only IL-6 positively correlated with the DAS28 score. Thus, we postulate that next to C-reactive protein and the erythrocyte sedimentation rate, also IL-6 could be clinically relevant and possibly reflects RA activity. Because recently the IL-6 concentration can be determined in applied in vitro diagnostic tests, it presents us with the possibility to test this protein as a marker of RA activity in routine laboratory practice.
REVISÃO DE LITERATURA: ASPECTOS MORFOLÓGICOS NEURONAIS CONGÊNITOS DESENCADEADOS PELA INFECÇÃO INTRA-UTERINA POR ZIKA VÍRUS
Authors: Santos Júlia Romano Ferreira , Silva Érika Laís de Oliveira , Barbosa Iris Dutra , Dorneles Lorrane Silva Moura , Vieira Fernanda Guimarães
Published: March 2022

Introdução: Por Zika vírus (ZIKV) entende-se o patógeno arboviral pertencente ao gênero Flavivirus, notório por ser transmitido vetorialmente por artrópodes do gênero Aedes - dentre eles o Aedes aegypti - e hábil a desencadear a infecção sistêmica Zika. Foi diagnosticado documentalmente, no Brasil, em maio de 2015, por métodos biomoleculares sistematizados por pesquisadores da Universidade Federal da Bahia. O progressivo aumento das notificações relacionadas ao nascimento de crianças com microcefalia, no Nordeste, exigiu atenção do Ministério da Saúde, a fim de investigar correlações fisiopatológicas reportadas, tais como acometimentos oculares e deficiências cognitivas, com alterações morfológicas em recém-nascidos com ZIKV. Objetivo: Revisar estudos sobre impactos congênitos neuronais em crianças infectadas verticalmente pelo ZIKV para compreender eventuais alterações morfológicas. Material e Métodos: Trata-se de uma Revisão Integrativa de Literatura, realizada a partir da leitura íntegra de 23 publicações científicas, escritas em Português e em Inglês entre 2016 e 2021, acerca das disfunções morfológicas embrionárias desencadeadas pela infecção por ZIKV. Tal elegibilidade deu-se pelo levantamento em Bases de Dados (Scopus, PubMed, Scielo e Portal CAPES) com cruzamento dos Descritores Zika virus, Embryology e Congenital Abnormalities. Resultados: A infecção fetal pelo ZIKV ainda não é totalmente esclarecida e, apesar de estudos sugerirem que o vírus seja capaz de driblar a imunoproteção placentária, ainda há um hiato quanto à influência viral em anomalias congênitas. Entretanto, já foi comprovado que o ZIKV induz efeitos citopáticos por desencadear lesões histológicas no citotrofoblasto ao subverter o sistema imunológico placentário, com tropismo por Macrófagos, via expressão do sfRNA viral. Alguns estudos identificaram antígenos virais em Células Progenitoras de Sinais Neuronais (hNPCs), sendo tal conteúdo viral hábil a modular negativamente a neurogênese por induzir a apoptose a partir da regulação, via mecanismos ainda obscuros, da expressão gênica. Particularmente, as hNPCs superexpressam Receptores AXL, capazes de viabilizarem o egresso intracelular do ZIKV e de mediarem vias de sinalização supressoras da resposta imunitária inata, magnificando a neurovirulência. Conclusão: A infecção congênita por ZIKV induz alterações morfológicas que lesam o Sistema Nervoso Fetal pela depleção das hNPCs corticais, resultando em malformações neurológicas.
ECONOMIA SOLIDÁRIA E AGROECOLOGIA: PERSPECTIVAS SOBRE UMA AGRICULTURA AMBIENTALMENTE SUSTENTÁVEL, ECONOMICAMENTE EFICIENTE E SOCIALMENTE JUSTA.
Authors: Filho Isac Sales Pinheiro , Sagio Solange Aparecida
Published: March 2022

Introdução: Atualmente é inevitável não pensar nas questões ambientais, pois tem-se observado uma maior preocupação diante das mudanças drásticas que vem se gerando em torno da natureza, em sua maioria advindas das ações do próprio homem que tem prevalecido de forma bastante agressiva ao longo do tempo, ultrapassando os limites legais da exploração, gerando assim inúmeros problemas, como o esgotamento dos recursos, prejuízos nos ecossistemas, como muitos outros aspectos pertencentes ao meio ambiente. É fácil pensar, assim como tão simples é agir em favor do meio ambiente, mas para que isso ocorra cabe a cada indivíduo tomar consciência da real importância desse bem universal. Objetivos: Contextualizar os conceitos de economia solidária e agroecologia, assim como a importância desses elementos no meio ambiente. Apresentar alternativas sustentáveis frente aos diferentes problemas nos espaços naturais. Material e métodos: O trabalho foi escrito baseando-se em estudos bibliográficos de especialistas da área, que se tornaram essenciais para melhores argumentos, com informações colhidas também em websites conforme o tema proposto. Resultados: Diante dos argumentos apresentados, nota-se que os princípios da economia solidária aproximam-se dos princípios da Agroecologia, por entender que existe intimamente ligação dessas abordagens com os aspectos socioeconômicos, segurança alimentar e com a preservação ambiental, assumindo assim, nesse contexto, que os elementos supracitados constituem-se de estudos essenciais que procuram deter as formas degradantes e exploradoras da natureza, na busca pela implantação de sistemas de agriculturas alternativas e potencializadoras em benefício de todos. Conclusão: É importante compreender que tanto a Economia Solidária quanto a Agroecologia são formas essenciais de debate no contexto atual, pelo simples fato de possuírem elementos integradores para os novos desafios em que permeiam as diferentes áreas da sociedade, tendo como exclusividade o meio ambiente e seus arranjos de produção e consumo, alicerçados pela participação colaborativa, justa e consciente, ao ponto de valorizar as pessoas e os espaços envolvidos na dinâmica proposta pelos elementos em destaque nesse contexto. Sendo sabedor de todas essas informações, torna-se evidente que a interação entre a Agroecologia e a Economia Solidária, perpetua em uma visão inovadora, criativa e rentável, mediante a sistematização e consolidação de saberes já existentes.
Sorge um deutsche Molkereien in Russland
Authors: Lenders Dirk
Published: March 2022

Die Ableger deutscher Molkereien sind bedeutende Produzenten in Russland. Hochland ist dort der größte Käsehersteller. Die Unternehmen sind wohl weitgehend autark, dennoch herrscht große Unsicherheit über die Zukunft der Betriebe.
Raus aus dem Experimentierstatus
Authors: Liebig-Braunholz Silke
Published: March 2022

Das Hobenköök in Hamburgs Hafencity geht den nächsten Schritt. Die Macher der Markthalle mit Gastrobereich und Catering-Service planen jetzt einen Ableger: Die Mini-Markthalle Lütte Köök. Silke Liebig-Braunholz
Innenstadt-Logistik 4.0 ist nötig und chancenreich
Authors: Seeck Stephan , Engelhardt Maximilian
Published: March 2022

Die aktuell unter dem Begriff „Urban Logistics“ diskutierten Lösungsansätze haben deutlich bessere Chancen auf Verwirklichung als der Ansatz „City-Logistik“ in den 1990er Jahren.
Kulturfleisch steht vor Marktreife
Authors: Bender Ralf
Published: March 2022

Noch stehen die Verbraucher den im Labor erzeugten Fleischalternativen skeptisch gegenüber. Aber das Angebot wächst.
Ukraine-Krieg verteuert Logistik
Authors: Rode Jörg , Bökamp Lena , Giuri Maurizio
Published: March 2022

Der Ukraine-Krieg sorgt auch für Verwerfungen auf dem Logistikmarkt. Unsicherheiten und Vorsicht zwingen viele Akteure zum Umdisponieren. Die Branche fürchtet weniger Kapazitätsengpässe in der Logistik, sondern weiter steigende Transportkosten durch explodierende Rohölpreise.
Fachkräftemangel im Leitungsbau
Authors: Buschmann Martina
Published: March 2022

Der Fachkräftemangel ist auch im Leitungsbau ein großes Problem. Der personelle Flaschenhals droht zum Unsicherheitsfaktor Nummer Eins für die Leistungsfähigkeit der Branche zu werden. Engagiertes Handeln ist deshalb gefragt.
Neue Hürden für EU-Binnenmarkt
Authors: Mönch Axel
Published: March 2022

Brüssel. Herkunftsangaben für Milchprodukte und für Fleisch in Verarbeitungserzeugnissen sollen in der EU zur Pflicht werden. Viele Mitgliedstaaten befürworten das. Die Molkereiunternehmen beklagen hingegen höhere Kosten durch eine verpflichtende Kennzeichnung.
The Dependence of Aerosols’ Global and Local Precipitation Impacts on Emitting Region
Authors: Persad Geeta
Published: March 2022

Abstract. The influence of aerosol emissions’ geographic distribution on the magnitude and spatial pattern of their precipitation impacts remains poorly understood. In this study, the NCAR CESM1 global climate model is used in coupled atmosphere-slab ocean mode to simulate the global hydrological cycle response to a fixed amount and composition of aerosol emitted from 8 key source regions. The results indicate that the location of aerosol emissions is a strong determinant of both the magnitude and spatial distribution of the hydrological response. The global-mean precipitation response to aerosol emissions is found to vary over a six-fold range depending solely on source location. Mid-latitude sources generate larger global-mean precipitation responses than do tropical and sub-tropical sources, driven largely by the formers’ stronger global-mean temperature influence. However, the spatial distribution of precipitation responses to some (largely tropical and sub-tropical) regional emissions are almost entirely localized within the source region, while responses to other (primarily mid-latitude) regional emissions are almost entirely remote. It is proposed that this diversity arises from the differing strength with which each regional emission generates fast precipitation responses that remain largely localized. The findings highlight that tropical regions are particularly susceptible to hydrological cycle change from either local or remote aerosol emissions, encourage greater investigation of the processes controlling localization of the precipitation response to regional aerosols, and demonstrate that the geographic distribution of anthropogenic aerosol emissions must be considered when estimating their hydrological impacts.
Assessment of the quality of ACE-FTS stratospheric ozone data
Authors: Sheese Patrick E. , Walker Kaley A. , Boone Chris D. , Bourassa Adam E. , Degenstein Doug A. , Froidevaux Lucien , McElroy C. Thomas , Murtagh Donal , Russell III James M. , Zou Jiansheng
Published: March 2022

Abstract. For the past 17 years, the Atmospheric Chemistry Experiment Fourier Transform Spectrometer (ACE-FTS) instrument on the Canadian SCISAT satellite
has been measuring profiles of atmospheric ozone. The latest operational
versions of the level 2 ozone data are versions 3.6 and 4.1. This study
characterizes how both products compare with correlative data from other
limb-sounding satellite instruments, namely MAESTRO, MLS, OSIRIS, SABER, and
SMR. In general, v3.6, with respect to the other instruments, exhibits a
smaller bias (which is on the order of ∼ 3 %) in the middle
stratosphere than v4.1 (∼ 2 %–9 %); however, the bias exhibited
in the v4.1 data tends to be more stable, i.e. not changing significantly
over time in any altitude region. In the lower stratosphere, v3.6 has a
positive bias of about 3 %–5 % that is stable to within
±1 % per decade, and v4.1 has a bias on the order of −1 % to +5 % and is also stable to within ±1 % per decade. In the middle stratosphere, v3.6 has a positive bias of ∼ 3 % with a significant negative drift on the order of 0.5 %–2.5 % per decade, and v4.1 has a positive bias of 2 %–9 % that is stable to within ±0.5 % per decade. In the upper stratosphere, v3.6 has a positive bias that increases with altitude up to ∼ 16 % and a significant negative drift on the order of 2 %–3 % per decade, and v4.1 has a positive bias that increases with altitude up to ∼ 15 % and is stable to within ±1 % per decade. Estimates indicate that both versions 3.6 and 4.1 have precision values on the order of 0.1–0.2 ppmv below 20 km and above 45 km (∼ 5 %–10 %, depending on altitude). Between 20 and 45 km, the
estimated v3.6 precision of ∼ 4 %–6 % is better than the
estimated v4.1 precision of ∼ 6 %–10 %.
AWI-CM3 coupled climate model: Description and evaluation experiments for a prototype post-CMIP6 model
Authors: Streffing Jan , Sidorenko Dmitry , Semmler Tido , Zampieri Lorenzo , Scholz Patrick , Andrés-Martínez Miguel , Koldunov Nikolay , Rackow Thomas , Kjellsson Joakim , Goessling Helge , Athanase Marylou , Wang Qiang , Hegewald Jan , Sein Dmitry , Mu Longjiang , Fladrich Uwe , Barbi Dirk , Gierz Paul , Danilov Sergey , Juricke Stephan , Lohmann Gerrit , Jung Thomas
Published: March 2022

Abstract. We developed a new version of the Alfred Wegener Institute Climate Model (AWI-CM3), which has higher skills in representing the observed climatology and better computational efficiency than its predecessors. Its ocean component FESOM2 has the multi-resolution functionality typical for unstructured-mesh models while still featuring a scalability and efficiency similar to regular-grid models. The atmospheric component OpenIFS (CY43R3) enables the use of latest developments in the numerical weather prediction community in climate sciences. In this paper we describe the coupling of the model components and evaluate the model performance on a variable resolution (25–125 km) ocean mesh and a 61 km atmosphere grid, which serves as a reference and starting point for other on-going research activities with AWI-CM3. This includes the exploration of high and variable resolution, the development of a full Earth System Model as well as the creation of a new sea ice prediction system. At this early development stage and with the given coarse to medium resolutions, the model already features above CMIP6-average skills in representing the climatology and competitive model throughput. Finally we identify remaining biases and suggest further improvements to be made to the model.
Complex networks analysis of PM2.5: transport and clustering
Authors: Ying Na , Duan Wansuo , Zhao Zhidan , Fan Jinfang
Published: March 2022

Abstract. Complex network theory has been applied to reveal the transport patterns and cooperative regions of fine (< 2.5 µm) particulate matter (PM2.5) in the whole of China over a long-term record. The results show the degrees, weighted degrees, and edge lengths of PM2.5 cities follow power-law distributions. Cities in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei-Henan-Shandong (BTHHS) region have a strong ability to import PM2.5 pollution to other cities. By analyzing the transport routes, we show that a mass of links extends southward from the BTHHS to the Yangtze River Delta (YRD) regions with one- or two-day time lags. Hence, we conclude that earlier emission reduction in BTHHS and early-warning measures in YRD will help to improve air quality in both regions. Moreover, significant links are concentrated in wintertime, suggesting the impact of the winter monsoon. In addition, cities have been divided into nine clusters according to their synchronicity characteristics. Cities in the same clusters should be regarded as a whole to control the level of air pollution. The results are derived by an economic approach of complex network theory, which avoids the time-consuming of traditional model simulation approach and suggests a highly efficient approach to the studies of transport and cluster of PM2.5. This approach, beyond doubt, is certainly also applicable to the studies of other air pollutants such as ozone, NOx, and so on.
An hourly ground temperature dataset for 16 high-elevation sites (3493–4377 m a.s.l.) in the Bale Mountains, Ethiopia (2017–2020)
Authors: Groos Alexander R. , Niederhauser Janik , Lemma Bruk , Fekadu Mekbib , Zech Wolfgang , Hänsel Falk , Wraase Luise , Akçar Naki , Veit Heinz
Published: March 2022

Abstract. Tropical mountains and highlands in Africa are under pressure because of anthropogenic climate and land-use change. To determine the impacts on the afro-alpine environment and to assess the potential socio-economic consequences, the monitoring of essential climate and environmental variables at high elevation is fundamental. However, long-term temperature observations on the African continent above 3000 m are very rare. Here we present a consistent multiannual dataset of hourly ground temperatures for the Bale Mountains in the southern Ethiopian Highlands, which comprise Africa's largest tropical alpine area. The dataset covers the period from January 2017 to January 2020. To characterise and continuously monitor the mountain climate and ecosystem of the Bale Mountains along an elevation gradient from 3493 to 4377 m, ground temperature data loggers have been installed at seven sites at 2 cm depth; at four sites at 10 cm depth; and at five sites at 2, 10, and 50 cm depth. The statistical analysis of the generated time series reveals that ground temperatures in the Bale Mountains are subject to large daily fluctuations of up to 40 ∘C and minor seasonal variations on the order of 5 to 10 ∘C. Besides incoming short-wave radiation, ground moisture, and clouds at night, slope orientation and the type of vegetation coverage seem to be the main factors controlling daily and seasonal ground temperature variations. On the central Sanetti Plateau above 3800–4000 m, the mean annual ground temperature ranges from 9 to 11 ∘C. However, nocturnal ground frost down to a depth of 5 cm occurs frequently during the dry season from November to February. At the five sites where ground temperature is measured at three depths, the monitoring will be continued to trace long-term changes. To promote the further use of the ground temperature dataset by the wider research community dealing with the climate and geo-ecology of tropical mountains in eastern Africa, it is made freely available via the open-access repository Zenodo: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6047457 (Groos et al., 2022).
Revisiting Semantic Issues of Proper Names
Authors: Khoa Nguyen Viet
Published: March 2022

The semantic status of proper names in linguistics and language philosophy has been comprehensively studied. It has long been held that proper names are mainly used to refer to certain entities, not to describe them. However, while Millian theorists claim that proper names do not possess a lexical meaning but directly refer to a certain entity, Fregean scholars assert that proper names do carry meanings, and the problem is just about the “meaning” employed. This paper argues that the Mill-Frege dichotomy can be bridged from the Vietnamese perspective by using proper name specifics of the Vietnamese language, and that as a cultural universal, names convey both denotational and connotational contents. However, the content of names can only be determined in each specific language community based on clarification of traditional and cultural values embodied in the naming process.
Pengggunaan Internet Marketing Bagi UMKM Pedagang Ikan Hias Pbass di Kelurahan Medan Estate
Authors: Gunawan Gunawan , Efrizal Efrizal Siregar
Published: March 2022

Perdagangan bebas yang modern saat ini berbasis teknologi sangat ditakuti oleh pedagang tradisional, baik yang kecil, maupun yang dalam skala besar, hal ini menjadi sesuatu yang menakutkan, dikarenakan bagi yang tidak mengikuti perkembangan akan tergilas dengan mesin digitalisasi belanja. Di samping itu, peternak ikan hias yang juga rata-rata memiliki pengalaman pendidikan yang tidak lebih dari SMA, merasa hal ini menjadi beban, sehingga mereka tidak mengetahui perkembangan dan percepatan informasi. Program pengabdian pada Masyarakat ini untuk membantu UMKM Pedagang Ikan Hias Pbass Kota Medan dalam mengahadapi proses digitalisasi jual beli yang sangat menjadi masa depan perdagangan bebas. Keterbatasan keilmuan dan teknologi menjadi kendala bagi UMKM Pedagang Ikan Hias Pbass Kota Medan, hal ini nantinya akan menjadi solusi bagi UMKM serta menjadi tolak ukur perdagangan UMKM terlebih-lebih pada masa pandemik Covid 19
Pemanfaatan Lingkungan Sekolah dalam Meningkatkan Kemampuan Membaca Kata Bagi Anak Kesulitan Belajar
Authors: Diana Destira Rahma , Agustiani Intan
Published: March 2022

Artikel ini dilatar belakangi oleh Lingkungan sekolah yang sangat mempengaruhi tumbuh kembang anak, terutama dalam pembentukan kepribadian. Sekolah telah menjadi bagian dari kehidupan anak-anak. Mereka disekolah bukan hanya hadir secara fisik, melainkan mengikuti berbagai kegiatan yang telah dirancang dan diprogram sedemikian rupa. Sekolah hadir untuk memfasilitasi pembelajaran sehingga proses pembelajaran  dapat terlaksana dengan baik dan transfer ilmu tersampaikan. Sekolah menampung beragam macam anak yang berbeda, baik secara fisik, kognitif, psikomotorik, dan afektifnya. Pembelajaran utama disekolah adalah membaca dan menulis. Masih banyak anak yang kesulitan dalam membaca, hal tersebut dikarenakan daya tangkap setiap anak berbeda. Oleh karena itu sebagai pendidik dituntut aktif dan kreatif dalam penyampaian materi. Lingkungan sekolah sangat berperan penting dalam meningkatkan kemampuan membaca pada anak. Untuk itu harus dimanfaatkan lebih optimal. Tujuan dibuatnya jurnal ini untuk berbagi ilmu dalam mempermudah pembelajaran membaca pada anak dengan menyuguhkan teknik yang berbeda yang jauh dari kejenuhan. Sehingga anak mudah dalam memahami pelajaran yang disampaikan. Membaca merupakan suatu alat komunikasi yang dapat mempermudah anak dalam segala  hal.dengan  kemampuan membaca anak tidak mudah terjerumus kejalan  yang  salah. Dengan pemanfaatan lingkungan sekolah anak  dapat belajar banyak dari pengalaman  langsung yang dirasakan oleh anak. Lingkungan sekolah banyak  memberikan pembelajaran kepada anak,anak pun dapat belajar banyak sehingga dikehidupan selanjutnya ia akan lebih mudah memahami.
Factors Affecting Prospective Students in Choosing Local Private University
Authors: Admin-bisnisman Admin-bisnisman , Bakar Abu , Rahmania Tasya , Heliani Heliani
Published: March 2022

The intense competition of the higher education industry in Indonesia has a considerable impact on prospective students choosing Private Universities. With this research, we can determine the main factors affecting prospective students by distributing questionnaires to 950 prospective students of XYZ University as a sample. This study used a quantitative descriptive method with 15 variables grouped into seven factors: product factors, physical evidence factors, price factors, location factors, reference group factors, motivational factors, and personal factors. From these seven factors, the affordable location factor is the most influential factor for prospective students deciding to study at XYZ University.
ANALISIS PENGARUH PROFITABILITAS DAN LIKUIDITAS TERHADAP NILAI PERUSAHAN PADA PERUSAHAAN MANUFAKTUR YANG TERDAFTAR DI BURSA EFEK INDONESIA
Authors: Yemri Tanapuan Eduardus Yemri Tanapuan
Published: March 2022

The study was conducted to analyze the effect of the Profitability variable as proportioned to the Return on Equity (ROE) and Return on Assets (ROA) and the Liquidity variable which was proportional to the Current Ratio (CR) and Fast Ratio (QR) on Firm Value. The data were obtained using the purposive sampling method with the following criteria: (1) Food and beverage sector companies that have been listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) during the Research period (2015 to 2019), and (2) companies that present successive financial reports during the study period (2015 to 2019). From these criteria, obtained a sample of 12 companies from 28 companies that will be used as research objects. The results of the study show that Return On Equity (ROE) and Return On Assets (ROA) have an effect on firm value, meaning that the profitability variable has a positive effect on firm value. Meanwhile, Current Ratio (CR) and Quick Ratio (QR) have no effect on firm value, meaning that the liquidity variable has a negative effect on firm value.
PENILAIAN KINERJA KARYAWAN CV.KRISSAMINDO DENGAN SIMPLE ADDITIVE WEIGHTING
Authors: Sembiring Falentino , Buana Ginanjar , Gustian Dudih , Muslih Muhammad , Destria Arianti Nunik
Published: March 2022

Dalam meningkatkan sumber daya manusia pada perusahaan dibutuhkan suatu proses penilaian kinerja secara selektif yang bertujuan agar mendapatkan sumber daya manusia yang kompeten dan tercapainya terget kerja pada perusahaan. Oleh karenanya objektivitas sangatlah diperlukan dalam mendukung setiap keputusan. Dalam hal ini perusahaan CV.Krissamindo masih belum optimal dalam pelaksanaan penilaian kinerja karyawannya, serta dalam penilaiannya pun subjektif. Masalah yang muncul pada penilaian kinerja karyawan  CV.Krissamindo yaitu penilaian kinerja secara subjektif tidak berdasarkan pembobotan kriteria kinerja. sehingga menurut peneliti dibutuhkan suatu sistem pendukung keputusan penilaian kinerja karyawan secara objektif pada perusahaan CV.Krissamindo menggunakan metode Simple Additive Weighting (SAW) berdasarkan kriteria yang di tentukan yaitu, masakerja, absensi, capaian kinerja. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah telah terimplementasinya Metode SAW penilaian kinerja karyawan CV. Krissamindo sehingga penulis berharap  dapat membantu mempermudah dalam pengambilan keputusan penilaian kinerja karyawan terbaik secara objektif berdasarkan bobot dari masing-masing kriteria.
Social Media: The Real Impact on Food Waste Reduction Beyond the Swipe or the Click
Authors: Hou Jenny Zhengye , Lotz Amanda , Hearn Greg , Lewis Kelly
Published: March 2022

This Summary Report presents key insights from a 2020-2021 research project addressing the challenge of evaluating the multifaceted impact of social media communication and/or campaigns as interventions for changing domestic food waste behaviour. It was funded by the Fight Food Waste Cooperative Research Centre (CRC) and NSW Environment Protection Authority.
Propuesta de clasificación de las Sociedades Cooperativas de Ahorro y Préstamo de México con base en el F-score de Piotroski
Authors: Pérez Sosa Felipe Abelardo , Cruz Lázaro Luis Miguel
Published: March 2022

El objetivo principal de esta investigación es proponer una nueva metodología para la clasificación de las Sociedades Cooperativas de Ahorro y Préstamo (SOCAPS) de México que refleje de manera más eficiente su situación financiera, con la finalidad de que los ahorradores y el organismo supervisor del sector cuenten con información más confiable acerca de su solidez, y, de esta manera, el ahorro de los usuarios de estas entidades se encuentre más protegido. Para ello, se adaptó el F-score de Piotroski (2000) al contexto de las SOCAPS de México, con lo que se evalúan tres áreas de las SOCAPS por medio de ocho indicadores, los cuales, permiten obtener una calificación que refleja la fortaleza financiera de estas instituciones; y, con base en esas calificaciones, segmentarlas de acuerdo con su solidez financiera. Esta metodología se utilizó para analizar y clasificar a 156 SOCAPS de México, y comparar el puntaje de las que mantuvieron sus operaciones durante el periodo de análisis, con el de las que cerraron sus operaciones. De esta forma, se comprobó que las SOCAPS con mayor temporalidad tienen en promedio una calificación mayor que el grupo de SOCAPS que dejó de operar, con lo que puede concluirse que la metodología propuesta es eficaz como criterio de clasificación que sirva para emitir alertas de riesgo, medidas prudenciales e informar a los usuarios sobre la solidez de la institución en la que deposita su patrimonio.
海南省旅游收入与接待主要国家游客数量的灰色关联分析
Authors: 谢 欣格 , 李 嘉璇
Published: March 2022

海南是中国最大的经济特区和唯一的热带岛屿省份，其得天独厚的海岛旅游资源优势以及多年的发展建设，使其成为国内外受游客欢迎的旅游胜地；了解旅游收入与接待各国人数的关系，是制定针对性旅游战略发展计划的重要参考。本文利用2015~2019年海南省旅游业相关数据为样本，以灰色关联分析方法验证旅游收入与接待主要国家游客数量之间的关联度，从系统的角度量化分析主要国家的旅游人数对旅游收入的影响，对海南省今后旅游业发展方向有一定的现实意义。
Combination Effects of Abelmoschus manihot (L.) Medik of N-Hexane extracts and Doxorubicin in Breast cancer 4T1 Cells Line
Authors: Anggi Viani , Atirah Masyita Andi
Published: March 2022

Introduction: Breast Cancer is one of the diseases, which the ranks are first on death to the female sex. breast cancer characterized by the growth of uncontrolled breast cancer cells and ability to attack the local organs like as metastases and spread in breast tisue including ducts and lobules. Alternative treatment for breast cancer is combined with chemotherapy and chemopreventive non-toxic agent to breast cancer cells Objective: The research of the study is to evaluate potential synergism the in-vitro cytotoxicity combination effects from a combination of the Abelmoschus manihot (L.) Medik of (N-Hexane) extracts and Doxorubicin in breast cancer 4T1 cells line. Methods: The study is suggested combination effects of Abelmoschus manihot (L.) Medik of (N-Hexane) extracts and Doxorubicin in breast cancer 4T1 cells line, where carried out against with use table of concentration from Abelmoschus manihot (L.) Medik extracts (N-Hexane) and Doxorubicin as a Chemotherapy agent. Results: The potential of Abelmoschus manihot (L.) Medik of n-hexane extract can be combination with cytotoxicity agent Doxorubicin on 4T1 breast cancer cells line with concentration of N-Hexane extract 185,0 µg/ml and the concentration of Doxorubicin 25 nM, where the Combination Index (CI) values 0,89 < 1 shows synergist combination. Conclusion: The Abelmoschus manihot (L.) Medik of n-hexane extract is synergism with cytotoxic agent Doxorubicin in 4T1 breast cancer cells line.
Investigation of Wrightia tinctoria extract activity on Alopecia using In-silco
and In-vivo studies
Authors: K. Sruthi , B. Anupama , N.L. Sudeepthi , Krishna P. Gopi , Kareem Abdul , Habeeb Mohammad
Published: March 2022

There are many drugs for alopecia such as minoxidil, glucocorticoids, sulfasalazine, nitric oxide, and vitamin D3. Hair loss is also known as alopecia, or baldness commonly refers to hair loss from either a portion of a head or body. Fresh Leaves, and bark from twigs of Wrightia tinctoria were taken and used for extraction. A phytochemical assessment was continued to carry out on W.tinctoria extract and the presence of aromatic hydrogen and aromatic protons was demonstrated by spectral characterization. Insilco studies were done. Compounds 1and6 shown more docking values than the minoxidil and Swiss ADME confirmed that the compounds can enter the blood-brain barrier and not the substrates of PgP carriers. In vivo evaluation of alopecia activity using albino male, Wistar rats were done by comparing it with standard drug involves the evaluation of in vivo hair development activities of W.tinctoria extract. It also involves histopathological studies which include the action of hair growth at anagen and telogen phases on 15th and 30th day. The study indicates that the material elements of W.tinctoria which include Quercetin and Indirubin playing a critical role in hair promoting activity.
A Stability Indicating Method Development of Lopinavir and Rotinavir in Combined Tablet Dosage Forms by RP-HPLC
Authors: Indira A. , Sreedhar N. Y. , D. Balakrishna
Published: March 2022

A new stability indicating RP-HPLC method was developed for simultaneous estimation of Lopinavir and Rotinavir in combined tablet formulations. Chromatography was carried out on a Kromasil C18 HPLC Column (250 x 4.6mm; 5µm) eluting with a mobile phase consisting of a 30:70v/v mixture of Phosphate buffer and acetonitrile at a flow rate of 1.0mL/minute. The wavelength detection was fixed at 220nm. Using standard addition method accuracy was assessed. The developed HPLC method was validated with respect to precision, specificity, accuracy, linearity and robustness. Forced degradation studies on the formulation were conducted by adopting the proposed method to assess the stability of the analytes under acid, base, peroxide, thermal and photolytic conditions and suitability of the method to resolve the degradation products.
Green Synthesis of Titanium Dioxide and its Application on Anti-Fungal Activity
Authors: M Rajamehala , Su Renugaa , Pandian A Muthu Kumara , B Gopalakrishnan , Singh M Vijay Pradhap
Published: March 2022

In recent years, nanotechnology was an emerging field which has wide range of application in various science fields. Nanoparticles has significant approaches in medicinal field. The nanoparticles can be synthesized from various sources depending upon the applications. In this current study, the green synthesis of Titanium dioxide nanoparticles from Calotropis gigantae and its antifungal activity was studied. The precursor for titanium nanoparticles is titanium tetraisopropoxide. Usually the plant material assisted in reduction process. The green synthesis approach was eco-friendly, cost effective, non-toxic and renewable resources. Titanium dioxide nanoparticles were characterized by SEM, FTIR, XRD and EDAX. Scanning Electron Microscope analysis gives the details of TiO2 nanoparticles spherical shape and other structural properties. X-Ray Diffraction analysis gives the crystalline nature of Titanium dioxide Nanoparticles. Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy results indicates the presence of various bioactive compounds. Energy Dispersive X-ray Analysis brings about the elemental composition of titanium nanoparticles. Titanium dioxide nanoparticles shows the antifungal activity against particular microorganism.
El ascenso jurídico de la penitenciaría
Authors: González Alvo Luis
Published: March 2022

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El movimiento internacional contra la trata de seres humanos: algunas consideraciones críticas
Authors: Hörnle Tatjana
Published: March 2022

Las campañas contra la trata de seres humanos auspiciadas por las organizaciones internacionales y no gubernamentales se encuentran detrás del amplio ámbito de aplicación del delito de trata. Estas campañas ponen el foco en las denominadas «víctimas ideales» y acentúan el reproche moral que nos merece el aprovechamiento de la situación de necesidad de otro. Sin embargo, no todas las conductas tipificadas merecen la misma calificación. La teoría de la criminalización que toma como unidad de medida el menoscabo de los derechos de otro y su autonomía de la voluntad exige diferenciar entre los auténticos supuestos de trata y otras situaciones de explotación.