bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PROGRAM PARENTING SEBAGAI IMPLEMENTASI PELAYANAN DALAM PERSPEKTIF MANAJEMEN MUTU TERPADU DI PONDOK PESANTREN ANWARUL HASANIYYAH
Authors: Basuki Anita Dwi , Fuad Abdillah , Azainil Azainil
Published: February 2025

Penelitian ini mengkaji implementasi program parenting sebagai bagian dari pelayanan di Pondok Pesantren Anwarul Hasaniyyah. Program parenting ini dirancang untuk meningkatkan kualitas pendidikan dan pengasuhan di pondok pesantren, dengan melibatkan orang tua secara aktif dalam proses pendidikan santri. Studi ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode wawancara dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa program parenting ini mampu meningkatkan kualitas hubungan antara orang tua, santri, dan pengasuh, serta memberikan dampak positif pada perkembangan akademik dan karakter santri. Implementasi manajemen mutu terpadu dalam program ini juga terbukti efektif dalam menciptakan lingkungan belajar yang kondusif dan berkelanjutan. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa program parenting di Pondok Pesantren Anwarul Hasaniyyah dapat dijadikan model bagi lembaga pendidikan lainnya dalam upaya meningkatkan mutu pendidikan melalui keterlibatan aktif orang tua.
PENGEMBANGAN EDUVANE (E-MODUL CANVA DAN HEYZINE) PADA MATERI FAKTA DAN OPINI DI KELAS V SDN 011 SAMARINDA KOTA TAHUN PEMBELAJARAN 2023/2024
Authors: Nugroho Consista Imanni , Septika Hety Diana , Muhlis Muhlis
Published: February 2025

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh kurangnya variasi dan keterbatasan jumlah bahan ajar yang digunakan dalam pembelajaran sehingga menyebabkan siswa merasa jenuh dan kurang termotivasi. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui proses pengembangan bahan ajar dan mengetahui kelayakan pengembangan bahan ajar. Jenis Penelitian ini adalah penelitian Research and Development (RnD). Adapun model penelitian yang digunakan adalah ADDIE. Adapun subjek dalam penelitian ini guru kelas V-C dan 21 siswa kelas V-C SD Negeri 011 Samarinda Kota. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan berupa observasi, wawancara dan angket. Instrumen penelitian yang digunakan berupa angket penilaian ahli media, materi, Bahasa dan angket respon peserta didik. Pengembangan EDUVANE (E-modul Canva dan Heyzine) menggunakan model ADDIE melalui 5 tahap yaitu Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation. Kelayakan EDUVANE (E-modul Canva dan Heyzine) diperoleh berdasarkan validator ahli media, materi, Bahasa, 21 peserta didik, dan guru kelas V-C SD Negeri 011 Samarinda kota. Berdasarkan hasil penilaian validator ahli media didapatkan persentase skor 91,76%, ahli materi didapatkan persentase skor 98%, ahli bahasa didapatkan persentase skor 94,54%, hasil respon dari 21 peserta didik didapatkan persentase skor 89,3%, hasil respon guru kelas V-C didapatkan persentase skor 100% sehingga EDUVANE (E-modul Canva dan Heyzine) pada materi fakta dan opini dinyatakan “Sangat Layak” untuk digunakan dalam proses pembelajaran.
REPRESENTASI IDEOLOGI AGAMA DALAM ANTOLOGI PUISI “DERU DUA ARUS” KARYA ASY’ARI KHATIB (PERSPEKTIF STILISTIKA)
Authors: Tyas Inno Cahyaning , Husniah Furoidatul , Rahman Adenarsy Avereus
Published: February 2025

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bentuk kiasan simbolik yang digunakan Asy'ari Khatib dalam puisinya dan bagaimana kiasan simbolik tersebut dapat mewakili ideologi Asy'ari Khatib. Pendekatan yang digunakan adalah deskriptif kualitatif dengan sumber data berasal dari puisi Asy'ari Khatib dalam antologi puisi berjudul "Deru Dua Arus". Datanya berupa kata dan frasa yang mengandung kiasan simbolis dan diindikasikan mewakili ideologi Asy’ari Khatib. Data dikumpulkan dengan menggunakan teknik dokumentasi. Teknik analisis data dilakukan dengan membaca dan memahami makna puisi, mengenali, mencatat dan menafsirkan kiasan simbolik, serta mengetahui hubungan kiasan simbolik dengan ideologi pengarangnya, dan terakhir menarik kesimpulan. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, kiasan simbolik yang digunakan dalam puisinya dapat mewakili ideologi keagamaan Asy'ari Khatib. Ideologi agama ini berkaitan dengan tauhid, keimanan, dan cinta kasih yang memberikan pedoman hubungan manusia dengan Tuhan melalui salat, berdoa, dan membaca Al-Qur'an.
ASESMEN SUMATIF BUATAN GURU MELALUI SOAL UJI COBA PADA MATERI BAHASA INDONESIA KELAS V SEKOLAH DASAR
Authors: Muldawati Muldawati , Hilaliyah Tatu
Published: February 2025

Tujuan penelitian ini menganalisis soal buatan guru menggunakan analisis butir soal, melakukan uji coba, pengubahan skor mentah ke nilai jadi melalui Penilaian Acuan Patokan (PAP), dan menentukan deskripsi hasil asesmen siswa. Adapun metode penelitian yang digunakan mixed methods dengan kuantitatif dan kualitatif.  Teknik pengumpulan data yaitu dokumentasi. Selanjutnya, analisis data dengan statistik dan deskriptif. Didapatkan hasil penelitian analisis butir soal yang tidak valid 5 soal pilihan ganda dan esai semua valid, uji reliabelitas Cronbach’s Alpha menunjukkan nilai 0,679 untuk soal pilihan ganda dan 0,638 untuk soal esai, artinya reliabel. Daya beda soal antara 0,301 hingga 0,365. Tingkat kesukaran soal sedang (67%) dan mudah (33%), sedangkan untuk soal esai, soal mudah (40%) dan soal sedang (60%). Dari hasil pengolahan data, sebanyak 88% siswa (30 dari 34 siswa) dinyatakan lulus, sementara 12% (4 siswa) tidak lulus. Hasil asesmen menunjukkan bahwa 26% dari siswa mencapai nilai A, artinya peserta didik mampu mencapai seluruh indikator tujuan pembelajaran dan berhak mengikuti pembelajaran selanjutnya. Lalu, 62% berada di nilai B, artinya peserta didik sudah menuntaskan sebagian besar indikator tujuan pembelajaran, Kemudian, 12% berada di nilai C, artinya peserta didik masih kesulitan dalam mencapai sebagian tujuan pembelajaran. Penelitian selanjutnya dapat dikonsentrasikan pada peningkatan kualitas soal, terutama dalam hal daya beda dan pengukuran kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa.
EUFEMISME DALAM PIDATO SOEKARNO PADA HARI KEMERDEKAAN BANGSA INDONESIA
Authors: Azaky Andri , Mulya Okta Hari , Hermandra Hermandra
Published: February 2025

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis bentuk, makna, dan fungsi eufemisme dalam pidato Soekarno pada hari kemerdekaan Indonesia, serta bagaimana eufemisme tersebut memberikan kekuatan dalam menggerakkan masyarakat. Menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif, penelitian ini memfokuskan pada teks pidato yang diakses dari berita terbitan Direktorat Sekolah Menengah Pertama Kemdikbud pada 20 Mei 2024. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui observasi teks dengan membaca dan mengidentifikasi frasa eufemisme dalam pidato. Data dianalisis menggunakan teknik analisis tematik untuk mengelompokkan dan menginterpretasikan temuan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya lima eufemisme yang tercakup dalam empat bentuk eufemisme: ekspresi figuratif, metafora, sirkumlokusi, dan kliping. Fungsi eufemisme yang ditemukan meliputi eufemisme perlindungan, eufemisme penyemangat, eufemisme provokasi, dan eufemisme kecurangan. Eufemisme dalam pidato Soekarno berhasil menyampaikan pesan dengan cara yang halus dan sopan, menjaga perasaan audiens, serta memberikan semangat dan motivasi dalam perjuangan kemerdekaan. Penelitian ini memberikan kontribusi dalam memahami penggunaan bahasa yang efektif dalam pidato publik serta pentingnya eufemisme dalam komunikasi yang sensitif dan persuasif.
PENGARUH MODEL PEMBELAJARAN PROBLEM BASED LEARNING TERHADAP KEMAMPUAN MENULIS TEKS ARGUMENTASI KELAS XI SMA
Authors: Feranti Nadila , Charlina Charlina , Permatasari Silvia
Published: February 2025

Model pembelajaran problem based learning, dapat memberikan pengaruh yang tinggi bila diterapkan pada kegiatan pembelajaran. Kemudian pada penelitian ini, peneliti menggunakan uji paired sample t-test, untuk mengetahui seberapa besar pengaruh dari model pembelajaran problem based learning. Pada pengujian hipotesis data yang digunakan adalah hasil pretest dan posttest siswa pada kelas eksperimen. Berdasarkan hasil pengolahan data dengan bantuan SPSS versi 30 yang diperoleh bahwa nilai thitung sebesar -5,429 karena nilai signifikansi (sig) sebesar 0,001 maka dapat disimpulkan H0 ditolak H1 diterima. Hal ini membuktikan bahwa model pembelajaran problem based learning berpengaruh positif dan signifikan secara parsial terhadap kemampuan menulis teks argumentasi. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang telah dilakukan terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan pada kemampuan kognitif siswa kelas eksperimen dan kelas kontrol. Hal ini dapat dilihat pada perbandingan nilai rata-rata hasil belajar kelas eksperimen yang memperoleh rata-rata nilai 80 lebih tinggi dari kelas kontrol yang memperoleh rata-rata nilai 72 hasil yang berbeda yang disebabkan pemberian perlakuan yang berbeda pada masing-masing kelas.
PERGESERAN TERJEMAHAN DALAM CERITA PENDEK AJMALU AL-QIṢAṢ AL-QAṢĪRAH: KAJIAN PENERJEMAHAN J.C. CATFORD
Authors: Ramadhan Akmal Hibatullah , Rohanda Rohanda
Published: February 2025

Pergeseran terjemahan tentu terjadi didalam suatu penerjemahan, yang dimana bertujuan untuk menyesuaikan dan memberikan pemahaman yang akurat. Pergeseran makna yang terjadi dari bahasa sumber yang diterjemahkan ke bahasa sasaran memiliki bentuk beragam, Sebagai seorang penikmat karya sastra pasti ingin membaca berbagai macam karya sastra yang berasal dari seluruh dunia. Akan tetapi, perbedaan bahasa pasti menjadi penghambat bagi para pembaca. Oleh karena itu para penerjemah berperan aktif didalam menerjemahkan berbagi karya sastra terhadap bahasa yang diinginkan. Para penulis pun pasti memiliki keinginan agar karya sastranya dapat dinikmati oleh semua golongan tanpa ada hambatan. Metode penerjemahan yang digunakan juga pasti berbeda-beda dan beragam. Dari sinilah penulis tertarik untuk meneliti sebuah karya sastra yaitu cerita pendek untuk mengetahui berbagai bentuk pergeseran terjemahan dalam suatu karya sastra Penelitian ini berfokus kepada pergeseran terjemahan pada cerita pendek Ajmalu Al-Qiṣaṣ Al-Qaṣīrah menggunakan pendeketan teori J.C. Catford. Dari penelitian ini didapatkan hasil delapan pergeseran unit, empat pergeseran struktur, dan dua pergeseran intra sistem.
LOKALITAS DALAM CERITA RAKYAT BENANG MERAH DI KAPONGAN KARYA BILQIS AMIROH T.A.: SUATU PEMBACAAN ETNOSEMIOTIKA DAN FILOSOFIS
Authors: Siswanto Siswanto , Ahmadi Anas , Nuryanta Budi , Pairin Udjang
Published: February 2025

Artikel ini mendiskusikan aspek lokalitas dalam cerita rakyat dari Situbondo Jawa Timur yang berjudul Benang Merah di Kapongan. Pendekatan yang digunakan adalah etnosemiotika untuk mendeskripsikan dan menginterpretasikan narasi lokalitas baik yang berupa mitos, sejarah, bahasa, dan simbol di dalamnya. Metode pengumpulan data menggunakan etnografi sastra dengan analisis data semiotika budaya. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa, pertama dalam cerita rakyat tersebut ada narasi sejarah lisan konflik Majapahit-Blambangan dengan tokoh Menak Jingga dan Damar Wulan; kedua, cerita rakyat tersebut menyajikan fenomena kebahasaan campur kode bahasa Jawa yang berupa sapaan dan penyebutan nama pemimpin; ketiga, cerita rakyat dalam perspektif etnosemiotika dapat dikaji secara ontologis, aksiologis, dan epitemologis.
PENGARUH FILM ANIMASI TERHADAP KEMAMPUAN MENULIS TEKS FABEL SISWA KELAS VII SMP NEGERI MADANI
Authors: Ramadhan Hendri , Permatasari Silvia , Zulhafizh Zulhafizh
Published: February 2025

Rancangan penelitian ini adalah penelitian eksperimen murni (true eksperimen), dengan desain penelitian pre-test post-test control group design yaitu penelitian untuk memperoleh nilai awal siswa melalui pemberian pre-test, selanjutnya memberikan tes akhir (post-test) untuk menyimpulkan penelitian. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang telah dilaksanakan pada kelas eksperimen yang menggunakan media film animasi dan kelas kontrol yang menggunakan media konvensional pada siswa kelas VII SMPN Madani Pekanbaru. Hasilnya menujukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan rata-rata sebelum treatment dan sesudah treatment. Pre-test kelas eksperimen memiliki nilai minimum 60 dan maksimum 80, dengan rata-rata 72,00. Setelah menerapkan media film animasi dan dilakukan tes, diperoleh skor post-test kelas eksperimen yaitu nilai minimum 80 dan maksimum 93, dengan rata-rata 85,25. Kemudian, skor pre-test post-test ini dibandingkan dengan skor pre-test post-test kontrol. Dalam hal ini, untuk kelas kontrol menggunakan media konvensional. Pre-test kelas kontrol memiliki 80 dan maksimum 86. Dengan rata-rata 72,00. Setelah menerapkan media konvensional dan dilakukan tes, diperoleh skor post-test kelas kontrol yaitu nilai minimum 80 dan maksimum 93, dengan rata-rata 83,79.
VALIDITAS PENGEMBANGAN MULTIMEDIA INTERAKTIF ARTICULATE STORYLINE 3 BERBASIS ANDROID PADA MATERI TEKS BERITA SISWA KELAS XI SMA
Authors: Damaiyanti Novi , Permatasari Silvia , Zulhafizh Zulhafizh
Published: February 2025

Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu mendeskripsikan validitas multimedia interaktif articulate storyline 3 berbasis android pada materi teks berita siswa kelas XI SMA Negeri 15 Pekanbaru. Jenis penelitian ini yaitu Researchh and Development (R&D) dengan model pengembangan yang digunakan yaitu ADDIE sebagai prosedur pengembangan yang merupakan singkatan dari analysis, design, development, implementation and evaluations. Pada penelitian ini hanya membahas tahap validasi yang termasuk pada tahapan development (perancangan). Validasi yang dilakukan dalam penelitian ini terdiri dari 4 validator yakni validator ahli bahasa, validator ahli media, validator ahli materi dan validator ahli soal. Adapun instrumen pengumpuan data menggunakan angket uji validitas dengan menggunakan skala likert. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa multimedia interaktif articulate storyline 3 berbasis android berkategori sangat valid dengan rata-rata skor persentase penilaain keseluruhan para ahli yaitu 98,11%.
Post-operative Analgesia with Intraperitoneal Bupivacaine Alone and with Dexmedetomidine Following Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy
Authors: Ahmad Anees , Khan Ambreen , Ahmed Syed Shakeel , Noreen Saima , Idrees Mohammad , Shahryar
Published: February 2025

Background: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) is a customary treatment for patients with symptomatic cholelithiasis. This study aimed to compare the mean duration of analgesia (DOA) of intraperitoneal bupivacaine (BPV) with dexmedetomidine (DEX) to intraperitoneal BPV alone in patients undergoing LC.

Methods: This randomized controlled trial was done at the Department of Anesthesiology, Bahawalpur Victoria Hospital, Bahawalpur, Pakistan, from October 2023 to March 2024. A simple random sampling technique was adopted. A total of 68 cases undergoing LC were enrolled and randomly allocated to either Group-B (n=34) who received intraperitoneal BPV 50 ml 0.25%+5 ml normal saline and Group-BD (n=34) who were served intraperitoneal BPV 50 ml 0.25%+ DEX 1 μg/kg with normal saline 5 ml. The postoperative pain intensity for both groups was recorded and compared using a 10-point visual analogue score (VAS) at 0, 30 minutes, 1 hour, 2, 4, 6, 8, 12, and 24 hours. Independent sample t-test and chi-square test were used to compare data between groups taking p<0.05 as significant.

Results: The mean DOA in the patients in group B was 4.42±3.95 hours, and in group BD, it was 7.63±2.65 hours (p=0.0002). It was noted that pain scores were significantly low in Group BD at 1 hour (2.63±0.53 vs. 2.26±0.64, p=0.0116), 2 hours (2.81±0.56 vs. 2.43±0.73, p=0.0188), 4-hours (3.70±0.73 vs. 3.32±0.52, p=0.0160), and 6-hours (3.93±0.48 vs. 3.50±0.46, p=0.0003). BD group offered a significantly longer DOA (p=0.0002), an extended spell for rescue analgesia (p=0.0001), and a lesser dose of diclofenac (p=0.0137).

Conclusion: Intraperitoneal instillation of DEX 1 μg/kg with local anesthetic 0.25% BPV 50 ml at the end of surgery in patients undergoing LC significantly reduced the postoperative pain, especially up to six hours postoperatively.
Frequency and Treatment Outcome of Invasive Fungal Infections in Children with Hematological Malignancies
Authors: Manzoor Rabiha , Tariq Rabia , Arshed Awais , Ali Quratulain , Ahmed Ajaz , Rasool Fozia Sayed
Published: February 2025

Background: Invasive fungal infections are the cause of significant morbidity and mortality among cancer patients of any age group. This research aimed to determine the frequency and treatment outcome of invasive fungal infections in children with hematological malignancies.

Methods: This cohort study was performed at the Department of Pediatric Oncology, Combined Military Hospital, Rawalpindi, Pakistan, from January 2022 to June 2023. Children of either gender aged less than 18 years diagnosed with hematological malignancies were included adopting a non-probability consecutive sampling technique. Treatment followed “Berlin-Frankfurt-Münster (BFM)” based protocols. Outcome in the form of mortality was noted by the end of the study period.

Results: A total of 240 cases of various types of hematological malignancies during the study period and 41 (17.1%) cases were found to have invasive fungal infections. In 41 invasive fungal infections, 28 (68.3%) were male. The mean age was 6.35±3.72 years. Invasive fungal infection was found to be possible, probable, and proven in 34 (82.9%), 6 (14.6%), and 1 (2.4%) case respectively. Amphotericin B was the most frequent anti-fungal, advised in 23 (56.1%) cases whereas voriconazole was given in 14 (41.5%) patients. The mean duration of treatment was 21±19 days (ranging between 2 to 84 days). Mortality was reported among 10 (24.4%) cases.

Conclusion: The frequency of IFS was 17.1% among children with hematological malignancies. Mortality was relatively high (24.4%) among children with IFIs which warrants early identification and treatment of IFIs among children with hematological malignancies.
Phytochemical Study Assay of Phenolic Compounds and Determination of the Antioxidant Activity of Aqueous Extracts from the Leaves of three Medicinal Plants Used in the Haut-Sassandra Region, Daloa (Côte d'Ivoire)
Authors: Bernard DIBY Yao , Parfait KAHOU BI Gohi , Wenceslas KOUAME Djè Kouamé , Frédéric N’DIA Kouadio , Paul YAPO Angoué
Published: February 2025

Cassia occidentalis, Jatropha curcas and Chromoleana odorata are plants used in the treatment of pathologies in Côte d'Ivoire. With the aim of treating pathologies caused by oxidative stress using antioxidants, a study was carried out into the antioxidant activity of aqueous extracts of these plants and to identify the molecules responsible for this effect. After aqueous extraction, the extracts obtained were used to carry out phytochemical tests, phenolic compound assays and antioxidant activity tests using the DPPH• and ABTS+• methods. Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of sterols, polyphenols, flavonoids, alkaloids and saponins. Respective contents of total polyphenols are 3.40 ± 0.04, 3.15 ± 0.03 and 2.80 ± 0.02 mgEAG/g DM for Cassia occidentalis, Jatropha curcas and Chromoleana odorata and those of flavonoids are 54.15 ± 1.2, 50.40 ± 1.2 and 48.50 ± 1.1 mg EqQ/g DM for Cassia occidentalis, Chromoleana odorata and Jatropha curcas. Using the DPPH test, the mean IC50 values were 2.74 ± 0.1 µg/mL for Cassia occidentalis and Chromolaena odorata and 2.73 ± 0.1 µg/mL for Jatropha curcas. ABTS test revealed mean IC50 values of 10.35 ± 0.1 µg/mL for Cassia occidentalis and Chromoaena odorata and 7.01 ± 0.1 µg/mL. Jatropha curcas. These antioxidant powers are thought to be due to the effects of certain phenolic compounds present in these plants, confirming their natural antioxidant activity.
Correlation between Colonoscopy and Fecal Calprotectin Levels
Authors: Zaoui A. , Attaqi K. , Temsamani S. Riffi , Aoufi L. El , Akjay A. , Ouaya H. , Mellouki I. , Meyiz H.
Published: February 2025

Fecal calprotectin is a protein produced by colonic neutrophils in response to digestive inflammation. A fecal calprotectin level of 50µg/g has been retained in various studies as a negative predictive value for colonic damage. We carried out a retrospective descriptive study in the Department of Gastroenterology, CHU Tangiers, Morocco, on patients presenting with a fecal calprotectin level greater than 50 µg/g. The results of our study show a predominance of females with an average age of 40 years, colonoscopies performed were free of macroscopic abnormalities in 55.5% of cases, colonic diseases identified were mostly in favor of chronic inflammatory bowel disease in 33% and colonic polyps were found last. This result is in line with the Egyptian study, and in contrast with the majority of studies carried out in Europe, where colonic polyps and diverticula were the most common findings. These results could be explained by the young age of our patients, which coincides with the age of discovery of chronic inflammatory diseases, or by their diet, since a Mediterranean diet gives a lower risk of developing polyps and colonic diverticula than a meat-rich diet in the European population, which explains the higher percentage of polyps and colonic diverticula in the European population.
Evaluating Diabetes Prevention Strategies in the NHS 'Healthier You' Programme and Risk Assessment Tools
Authors: Alam Dr Jalal , Metwaly Dr Ahmed Mohamed Mohamed
Published: February 2025

It has become imperative for healthcare systems globally to reduce incidence of diabetes due it’s rise and associated complications. Several measures and interventions have been suggested to prevent the progression of Non-Diabetic Hyperglycaemia to Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. In England, the NHS Diabetes Prevention Programme (NHS DPP), launched in 2016, aims to reduce diabetes incidence through behavioural interventions focusing on weight loss, dietary improvements, and increased physical activity. This is based on evidence from international studies, including the Da Qing Study and Finnish Diabetes Prevention Study, which have proven that lifestyle modifications are the most effective strategy for diabetes prevention. A service evaluation of the NHS DPP revealed that while the program led to significant reductions in weight and HbA1c, participation and retention rates remained suboptimal, particularly among ethnic minority groups. Challenges include variability among provider delivery, the need for better risk assessment tools, and inadequate patient engagement. Improving referral pathways, introducing digital interventions, and increasing public awareness through targeted opportunistic campaigns may improve participation and effectiveness. Furthermore, there are several risk assessment tools for early detection of high-risk individuals like FINDRISK and CANRISK. However, local population characteristics must be considered. Studies indicate that the Leicester Risk Assessment Score is the most effective in predicting NDH in England, making it a viable tool for widespread use in general practice. Proactive screening strategies and refining risk models could enhance the NHS DPP’s impact, ultimately reducing the burden of diabetes on healthcare systems.
Frequency of Post-operative Surgical Site Infections among Cancer Patients
Authors: Russell Dr. Abu Taher Mohammad , Habib Dr. Md. Ahsan , Islam Dr. Ryhan , Islam Dr. Muhammad Moinul , Mia Dr. Mohammad Salauddin
Published: February 2025

Background: Surgical site infections (SSIs) are a significant post-operative complication, leading to prolonged hospital stays, increased healthcare costs, and higher morbidity. Identifying SSI frequency and associated risk factors is crucial for improving surgical outcomes. This study assessed the prevalence of surgical site infections and contributing factors among surgical patients in a tertiary care hospital in Bangladesh. Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted at Department of Surgical Oncology & allied, National Institute of Cancer Research & Hospital (NICRH), Mohakhali, Dhaka, Bangladesh, from July 2023 to June 2024. A total of 83 patients who underwent surgical procedures and were followed up at the hospital were included using purposive sampling. Data were collected from medical records, including demographic characteristics, type and duration of surgery, surgical team, prophylactic antibiotic use, and post-operative outcomes. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 23.0. Results: The highest proportion of patients (27.7%) were aged 46–60 years, with a male predominance (80%). Most cases (57%) were admitted through the multidisciplinary tumor board. The overall prevalence of SSIs was 12%. Among SSIs cases, 38.5% underwent elective surgery, while 29.0% had emergency procedures. The majority (59.0%) of surgeries lasted ≥90 minutes, with SSIs occurring in 36.7% of such cases. Gastrointestinal surgeries had the highest SSI incidence (45.5%), followed by orthopedic (42.9%) and hepatobiliary (27.3%) procedures. Patients with shorter hospital stays (<36 hours) had the highest SSI rate (52.0%). Conclusion: Surgical site infections (SSIs) are prevalent among patients in the tertiary care hospitals in Bangladesh, with higher rates in elective surgeries, longer procedures, and gastrointestinal surgeries. Preventive measures, improved surgical techniques, and enhanced patient care are essential to reduce SSI risk.
Outcome of Coverage of Wound Around the Ankle & Distal third of Leg by Reverse Sural Flap
Authors: Dam Dr. Asit Baran , Rahman Kazi Mohammad Hannanur , Alam Md. Iftekharul , Islam Md. Rashedul , Das Dr. Ripon Kumar , Samrat Mohsin Hasan , Islam Dr. Md. Saiful
Published: February 2025

Background: Distal 3rd of leg & ankle is characterized by tight skin and poor blood supply. Soft tissue loss in these areas provides a frequent challenge to reconstructive surgeons. Tendons and bones are frequently exposed because of the thinness of the subcutaneous tissue. The possible reconstructive options are skin grafts, local flaps, distant flaps and free flaps but their usage is limited and problematic. The present study has been designed to evaluate the outcome of coverage of these regions by reverse sural flap. Material & Method: This cross-sectional study was conducted at NITOR, Dhaka, from January 2017 to December 2018. Patients with soft tissue loss over distal 3rd of leg & around ankle without any PVD or uncontrolled DM were study population. Total 30 patients aging between 10 to 70 years were included in the study. All cases were evaluated by clinical features and functional outcome. Three to twelve months follow up was done. Results: The mean age was 33.13±16.65 years with a male predominance (83%). 40% of the cases were smoker and it was identified as a risk factor of flap outcome. Only 2 (6.67%) had comorbidities which was DM and significantly associated with flap outcome. The mean flap size was 40.96±14.19 cm2. Higher flap size is significantly associated with lower flap survivability. The average injury to operation time was 8.97 ±3.53 days. In 24 (80%) cases flap has survived completely. Marginal, partial, subtotal necrosis and complete flap loss has occurred in 3 (10%), 1 (3.33%), 1 (3.33%), and 1 (3.33%) case respectively. The complications were, wound infection (20%), hematoma (6.67%) and venous congestion (3.33%).
Efficacy of Tofacitinib in Atopic Dermatitis such as Vitiligo, Atopic Dermatitis, Chronic Dermatitis, Prurigo Nodularis Lichen Planus and Prologis Simplex
Authors: Chowdhury Dr. Mohammed Arif , Afroz Dr. Farzana , Shaude Syed E. , Haque Dr. Sumona , Jahan Dr. Farhana
Published: February 2025

Background: Fifteen years have gone by since the approval of a topical treatment for atopic dermatitis (AD) with a novel mechanism of action, despite unmet demand. The effectiveness of topical Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitor therapy in AD patients is uncertain. Objectives: This study was done for assessment of efficacy of tofacitinib in atopic dermatitis such as vitiligo, atopic dermatitis, chronic dermatitis, prurigo nodularis lichen planus and prologis simplex. Methods: The cross-sectional Observational study was conducted in the Department of skin and VD, Ashiyan Medical College and Hospital from June 2022 to May 2023. A total of 82 patients of both sexes were included in the study. Data were collected over a period of 12 months and analyzed by appropriate computer based programmed software Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS), version 24. Results: In this study, about 31 (37.8%) patients lies between 31 years to 35 years and 22 (26.8%) patients lies between 36 years to 40 years. Mean ± SD of the patients age was 31.5 ± 7.3 years. More than half of the patients 48 (58.50%) were female and 34 (41.50%) patients were male. Most of the patients 52 (63.4%) BMI were in between normal range, 13 (15.9%) were underweight and 17 (20.7%) were overweight. Mean ± SD of the patients BMI was 29.3 ± 5.4 kg/m2. About 36 (43.9%) patients experienced severe itching, 35 (42.7%) patients experienced moderate itching and 11 (13.4%) patients experienced mild itching. Age of onset of the disease of most of the patients 48 (58.5%) were 10 – 12 years, 24 (29.3%) were 13 – 15 years and 10 (12.2%) were 16 – 18 years. Mean ± SD of the patients age of onset of disease was 12.0 ± 9.4 years. Conclusion: The oral Janus kinase inhibitor tofacitinib citrate may be beneficial in the treatment of moderate to severe AD.
Comparison of Outcome of Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy and Open Ureterolithotomy in the Management of Large Upper Ureteric Stone
Authors: Sujan Dr. Md. Sayeef Ullah , Habib Dr. Muntasir , Manzer Dr. Tasnim Alam , Siddiky Dr. Md. Julfiquer Ali , Ahmed Dr. Furkan , Gupta Dr. Sudip Das
Published: February 2025

Background: Different treatment modalities have been introduced for upper ureteral stone which was previously treated by open surgery. Percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) is one of them and is being recommended as standard by several studies. Recently PCNL is being practiced in Bangladesh too. Therefore, this study was designed to compare the outcome of treatment of large upper ureteric stone by PCNL and open ureterolithotomy (OU). Methodology: This quasi-experimental study was conducted in the Department of Urology, Sir Salimullah Medical College Mitford Hospital, Dhaka from January 2019 to December 2020. A total of 70 patients were included in the study according to selection criteria. Study patients were divided into two groups: Group-A and Group-B underwent open ureterolithotomy (OU) and PCNL respectively. Result: Mean operative time was shorter in patients who underwent PCNL than the patients who underwent OU (90.17±8.27 min Vs110.14+14.17min, p<.05). Complete stone-clearance rate was similar in patients of both groups (97.1% Vs 94.3%, p>.05). No significant difference were regarding Per-operative and post-operative complications in patients of both groups (p>.05). Mean post-operative hospital stay was significantly shorter among patients who underwent PCNL (1.80±0.75 days Vs 5.0+1.43 days, p<.05). Convalescence was also significantly shorter among patients who underwent PCNL (1.98±0.91 weeks Vs 3.85±0.97 weeks, p<.05). Conclusion: In this study PCNL was observed with significant shorter operative time, hospital stay and shorter convalescence in comparison with OU. Thus it can be concluded that PCNL is better than open ureterolithotomy in the management of large upper ureteral stone.
Wernicke's Encephalopathy Postoperatively for a Gastric Tumor: A Pathology which could be Confused with Postoperative Peritonitis
Authors: Jaouhari Sidi Driss El , Hamdani Zakaria El , Tarchouli Mohamed , Kherrasse Abdenasser El , Bouhabba Najib
Published: February 2025

Background: Wernicke's encephalopathy is a neurological syndrome secondary to a thiamine deficiency which is a cofactor for several biochemical reactions in the brain. In the postoperative context, this condition is often underdiagnosed, especially in patients admitted to intensive care given the non-specificity of neurological symptoms which can often have multifactorial origins in this type of patient. We report the case of a patient with Wernicke syndrome postoperatively after a cancer gastrectomy and whose clinical symptoms were initially confused with postoperative peritonitis. Case presentation: An 78-year-old female patient, initially admitted to the gastrology for treatment of late post-prandial vomiting associated with weight loss. An esophago-gastro-duodenal fibroscopy was performed and revealed a stenosis and impassable mass at the antro-pyloric level. The patient was placed on parenteral undernutrition and rehydration. The pathological examination came back in favor of a moderately differentiated, ulcerated and invasive gastric adenocarcinoma. The indication for oncological gastrectomy was made after multidisciplinary consultation. On the 15th postoperative day, the patient was admitted to the emergency department of our hospital with a clinical presentation of evisceration. The patient was put on rehydration with potassium recharge as well as dual antibiotic therapy before her admission to the operating room for surgical treatment of her evisceration. The evolution was marked by installation on the fourth postoperative day of confusion associated with agitation. Postoperative peritonitis was strongly suspected, but given the atypia of the neurological disorder, a brain CT was performed, returning without abnormalities. An additional MRI was carried out revealing a T2 flair hypersignal and periaqueductal diffusion and mammillary bodies, compatible with Gayet Wernicke syndrome. Conclusion: Patients with advanced gastric cancer are at risk ...
Shield Ulcer in Vernal Keratoconjunctivitis
Authors: Makino Shinji
Published: February 2025

We present a 14-year-old girl with shield ulcer due to vernal keratoconjunctivitis. Slit lamp examination revealed more prominent giant papillae on superior tarsal conjunctiva giving cobblestone appearance in the right eye than in the left eye. In addition, an oval-shaped shield ulcer with a transparent base on the right cornea was detected. The left cornea was unremarkable. She was treated with topical tacrolimus hydrate and flumetholon drops twice a day. Two months later, giant papillae gradually improved and shield ulcer healed with mild corneal opacity. Clinicians should be aware of corneal findings and importance of eyelid eversion in patients with vernal keratoconjunctivitis.
Adenocarcinoma of the Gallbladder Incidentally Discovered in a Case of Acute Cholangitis: A Case Report
Authors: Hamdane S. , Abouliatim S. , Mhaili J. , Bouktib Y. , Boutakioute B. , Idrissi M. Ouali , Gannouni N. Cherif Idrissi
Published: February 2025

The incidental discovery of a gallbladder tumor (GBT) is rare, especially in the context of acute cholangitis. We report the case of an 72-year-old patient admitted to the emergency department with clinical symptoms of cholangitis. Abdominal ultrasound revealed a suspicious tissue mass in the gallbladder associated with a bile duct stone causing biliary dilatation. An emergency abdominal CT scan was performed for further characterization. This case highlights the importance of imaging in the differential diagnosis and assessment of biliary pathologies in elderly patients.
USO DE CETAMINA ASSOCIADA A DEXMEDETOMIDINA NA CONTENÇÃO QUÍMICA DE PEQUENOS FELINOS SILVESTRES
Authors: Paiva Iasmim de Vargas , Silva Keilla Sandrele Melo , Marinho Emylly Ravelly Lima , Bulhões Apolônia Agnes Vilar de Carvalho , Costa Luana Henriques , Araujo Beatriz Fernandes De , Filhos Jovone Gomes Medeiros Tavares , Rocha Lívia de Andrade Da , Silva Vinícius Augusto do Carmo , Sousa Henrique Daniel de Lima , Borges Alan Santos , Graceli Natieli Dias
Published: February 2025

A contenção química em pequenos felinos silvestres, utilizando a associação de dexmedetomidina e cetamina, é uma prática eficaz que garante sedação profunda, analgesia e estabilidade hemodinâmica durante procedimentos clínicos e cirúrgicos. Este estudo analisou a literatura acerca das consequências dessa combinação em diversas espécies, tais como jaguatiricas e gatos-do-mato. A utilização desses medicamentos resultou em um tempo de indução rápido e uma recuperação segura, com a possibilidade de reverter o processo com o uso de atipamezol. Contudo, a variação na resposta anestésica entre espécies requer modificações nas doses e um acompanhamento minucioso dos parâmetros fisiológicos. A literatura destaca a relevância de protocolos personalizados e a demanda por mais estudos para melhorar as práticas de anestesia. Portanto, a contenção química com dexmedetomidina e cetamina se apresenta como um método seguro e eficiente para a gestão de pequenos felinos selvagens, auxiliando na proteção e preservação desses animais.
Student Worksheet Based on PBL Model to Develop Critical Thinking Skills in Phase A
Authors: Rohman Fatkhur , Setya Hermawan Jody , Azzahra Mia , Handoko  , Fernando Rizqi Yoga
Published: February 2025

Mathematics is a subject that uses critical thinking skills in logical reasoning. This research was conducted on grade II students of SDN 1 Sukaraja, control class 24 students and experimental class 27 students. This research and development (R&D) study adopted the 4D model and reached only the third stage (define, design, develop). The product that was developed is a student worksheet that is based on the Problem-Based Learning (PBL) model. The goal is to train students' critical thinking skills. The developed student worksheet based on PBL model is proven to be "Very Valid" based on validator's evaluation and "Very Practical" based on practicality evaluation results, so it can be used as teaching material to support learning process to train students' critical thinking skills.
A STUDY ON SELF-ESTEEM OF POST-GRADUATE STUDENTS OF SIDHO-KANHO-BIRSHA UNIVERSITY, PURULIA
Authors: Dr. Madhumita Baidya  , Ananya Baidya  , Riku Dutta
Published: February 2025

Self-esteem is one of the most important components of human development. It encompasses the overall beliefs about own strengths and weaknesses which impacts upon individuals’ attitudes, behaviours, thoughts, actions, and emotions. For this paper, the researchers conducted a study to examine the level of self-esteem of the post-graduate students. The researchers adopted descriptive survey method where stratified random sampling technique was used to select the sample. The sample of the study includes 100 post-graduate students of Sidho-Kanho-Birsha University, Purulia. The ‘“Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale”’ (RSES, 1965) was used to assess the level of self-esteem of the post-graduate students. For data analysis and interpretation, statistical measures like Mean, Standard Deviation, t-test were calculated for the data obtained from the survey. Finally, the study findings revealed that though there was no significant difference between the male and female students of both Arts and Science stream, but it was observed that there was significant difference between the post-graduate students of Arts and Science stream in respect of their self-esteem.
KEYWORDS: Self-esteem, Post-graduate students, Educational Implications
A STUDY ON CSR CONTRIBUTIONS OF SELECT INDIAN AUTOMOBILE COMPANIES TOWARDS ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY IN THE POST-MANDATE PERIOD
Authors: Mohini Lath  , Dr. Pradipta Banerjee
Published: February 2025

Ensuring and promoting environmental sustainability has appeared to be one of the priorities for countries around the globe to mitigate the detrimental consequences of climate change and promote sustainable development of the nations. As a part of the initiatives towards that direction, the Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) clause has been incorporated in the Indian Companies Act, 2013 making CSR expenditures mandatory for Indian companies subject to fulfilment of some criteria. The study aims to analyse and compare the CSR expenditures of Nifty-constituent automobile companies in India towards environment sustainability by finding out if there exist any significant differences in the CSR contributions made towards environmental sustainability amongst those companies during the period of study from 2014-2015 to 2021-2022.
The study utilizes secondary data gathered from the CSR portal of the Ministry of Corporate Affairs (MCA), CSR Box website and annual reports of select companies for the study period. For analysing data on average actual and prescribed CSR contributions of sample companies, statistical tools like, mean, standard deviation, coefficient of variation, etc. have been computed along with visualization of data using bar diagrams and pie charts. Besides, one-way ANOVA has been performed to understand the statistical significance of differences amongst the sample companies on annual average actual and prescribed CSR expenditures during the study period. The study revealed that there exists a notable difference in the CSR expenditures towards environmental sustainability amongst the sample automobile companies during the period of study.
KEYWORDS: Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR), Environmental Sustainability, Companies Act 2013, CSR Expenditure
THE FORMATION OF HUMAN CAPITAL IN RURAL AREAS BY MEANS OF EDUCATION
Authors: Shumilin Anton
Published: February 2025

Introduction. Human capital is a key factor in the economic development and social progress of a society. According to the theory of human capital, investments in education, health, culture, and other areas that contribute to the development of an individual’s abilities and potential lead to increased labor productivity and economic growth. The formation of human capital in rural areas is particularly important due to the specific challenges posed by social and economic conditions, infrastructure levels, and the accessibility of educational services.
Methods. The research employed methods such as system-structural and comparative analysis, monographic analysis, social and economic analysis, and statistical data processing techniques.
Results. One of the greatest challenges in forming human capital in rural areas is the limited access to quality education. To address this issue, it is necessary to develop and implement effective strategies for educational development in rural areas. This can be achieved by establishing modern educational institutions, enhancing the qualifications of teachers, introducing modern teaching technologies, and developing distance education systems. An important component of this strategy is the attraction of investments in rural education. A key role in the formation of human capital in rural areas should be played by sound government policies aimed at eliminating disparities between education in urban and rural areas.
Discussion. Future research on this topic should include an analysis of the role of education in developing entrepreneurial skills, as well as an in-depth examination of national and regional education policies that support rural education. The role of public and local organizations in the formation of human capital in rural areas should also be explored.
Keywords: human capital, rural areas, education, labour potential, government policy.
THE ROLE OF THE TREASURY IN ENSURING EFFECTIVE MANAGEMENT OF LOCAL FINANCES
Authors: Demianyshyn Vasyl , Shmyhel Olha
Published: February 2025

Introduction. The Treasury is a key element of the financial system that ensures effective management of public finances by performing payment, accounting, control and information functions for the stability and transparency of the budget.The main task of the Treasury is to provide cash services to budgets of all levels, including monitoring of revenues and control over the use of budget funds. This helps to maintain financial discipline, prevent misuse of resources, and facilitate the efficient fulfillment of state and local financial obligations. All of this contributes to improving the efficiency of budget management and strengthening confidence in the state's financial system.
Methods. The theoretical and methodological basis of the article is the fundamental provisions of modern economic science, as well as scientific works of scientists and practitioners. A set of general scientific and special methods was used in the course of the study. The general scientific methods include systemic, structural and functional analysis, which allow for a comprehensive assessment of the peculiarities of financial management. Among the special methods used were: induction and deduction - at the stage of collecting and analysing primary data; comparative method - to assess the dynamics of budget revenues; abstract and logical method - in the process of formulating conclusions; descriptive and analytical method - for a comprehensive analysis of the processes under study; graphical method - to visualize the analysis of the balances of funds in the Single Treasury Account and the dynamics of consolidated budget revenues.
Results. The key elements of treasury services for the state budget were identified. It was assumed that treasury services for local budget expenditures are not only an important tool for ensuring the efficiency of the budget process, but also a key mechanism for maintaining financial stability at the local level. An understanding of the practical functioning of the Single Treasury Account in Ukraine was outlined. The author analysed the trends in the movement of balances on the Single Treasury Account. The overall dynamics of consolidated budget revenues in general and by individual items was estimated.
Discussion. The current challenges of the treasury were substantiated and ways to solve them in the context of ensuring effective management of local finances were proposed.
Further research should be aimed at improving the treasury service of local budgets through digitalization, automation of financial operations and strengthening of control over the use of budget funds. It is also important to analyse the impact of financial decentralization on the effectiveness of local finance management and development of territorial communities.
Keywords: treasury, treasury account, local finance, local budgets, budget revenues and expenditures.
Pertanggung Jawaban Hukum Terhadap Kenyamanan Konsumen Dalam Pertunjukan Film di Bioskop Ditinjau dari Undang-Undang Perlindungan Konsumen
Authors: Laka Merenggang Tegung , Tobing Padimun Lumban
Published: February 2025

Kenyamanan konsumen dalam pengalaman menonton film di bioskop adalah hak yang harus dijaga oleh pelaku usaha bioskop sesuai dengan Undang-Undang Perlindungan Konsumen (UUPK) No. 8 Tahun 1999. Studi ini membahas tanggung jawab hukum pelaku usaha bioskop dalam memastikan kenyamanan konsumen, mencakup aspek kualitas fasilitas, informasi yang akurat, dan mekanisme pengaduan. Metode penelitian yuridis normatif digunakan dengan mengacu pada peraturan UUPK serta Undang-Undang No. 33 Tahun 2009 tentang Perfilman. Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa ketidaknyamanan konsumen, seperti keterbatasan fasilitas atau informasi yang menyesatkan, dapat berimplikasi pada hak konsumen untuk menuntut pertanggungjawaban hukum melalui jalur pengaduan dan ganti rugi yang diatur dalam Pasal 19 UUPK. Selain itu, mekanisme pengaduan melalui Badan Penyelesaian Sengketa Konsumen (BPSK) berfungsi untuk memfasilitasi penyelesaian masalah yang dialami konsumen secara cepat dan efisien. Penelitian ini diharapkan dapat menjadi rujukan bagi pelaku usaha bioskop untuk meningkatkan layanan dan memahami konsekuensi hukum yang timbul jika kewajiban tidak dipenuhi, sekaligus memberikan edukasi bagi konsumen mengenai hak-hak yang dapat mereka tuntut dalam lingkup jasa perfilman
Formulation and evaluation of medicated herbal syrup of vinca extract
Authors: N Priyanka , D Naga Anjali , G U.S. Lakshmi Kumari , K Amrutha Pavani , K Jyothsna
Published: February 2025

Cancer is very much known dangerous disease. Vinca extract is very beneficial in treating various cancer conditions. However no syrup of vinca plant or its extract has been formulated. In this cancer conditions, formulation & evaluation of herbal syrup of alcoholic vinca extract may increase the patient compliance in severe condition. It is very easy to administer through oral route. This vinca syrup is formulated using alcoholic preparations and with vinca. This vinca syrup is very easy to formulate and help to overcome many diseased state and patient compliance. This review article deals with formulation of laboratory scale vinca syrup. We have been evaluated various parameters such as PH, viscosity, density, specific gravity, stability of this vinca extract.