bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Performance of the recommended ESC/EASD cardiovascular risk stratification model and SCORE in comparison to NT-proBNP as a single biomarker for risk prediction in type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Prausmüller Suriya , Resl Michael , Arfsten Henrike , Spinka Georg , Wurm Raphael , Neuhold Stephanie , Bartko Philipp , Goliasch Georg , Strunk Guido , Pavo Noemi , Clodi Martin , Hülsmann Martin
Published: December 2020

Background. Recently, the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) and European Association for the Society of Diabetes (EASD) introduced a new cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk stratification model to aid further treatment decisions in individuals with diabetes. Our study aimed to investigate the prognostic performance of the ESC/EASD risk model and the Systematic COronary Risk Evaluation (SCORE) in comparison to NT-proBNP in an unselected cohort of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).Methods & Results. A total of 1690 T2DM patients with a 10-year follow up for fatal CVD and all-cause death and a 5-year follow up for CVD and all-cause hospitalizations were analyzed. According to ESC/EASD risk criteria 25 (1.5%) patients were classified as moderate, 252 (14.9%) high, 1125 (66.6%) very high risk and 288 (17.0%) were not classifiable. Both, NT-proBNP and SCORE risk model were associated with 10-year CVD and all-cause death and 5-year CVD and all-cause hospitalizations while the ESC/EASD model was only associated with 10-year all-cause death and 5-year all-cause hospitalizations. NT-proBNP showed significantly higher C-indices than the ESC/EASD and SCORE risk model for CVD death [0.80 vs 0.53 vs 0.64, p<0.001] and all-cause death [0.73 vs 0.52 vs 0.66, p<0.001]. The performance of SCORE improved in a subgroup without CVD aged 40-64 years compared to the unselected cohort, while NT-proBNP performance was robust across all groups.Conclusion. The new introduced ESC/EASD risk stratification model performed limited compared to SCORE and single NT-proBNP assessment for predicting 10-year CVD and all-cause fatal events in individuals with T2DM.
Donor heart preservation with hypoxic conditioned medium derived from bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell improves cardiac function in a heart transplantation model
Authors: Zhou Pengyu , Liu Hao , Liu Ximao , Ling Xiao , Xiao Zezhou , Zhu Peng , Zhu Yufeng , Lu Jun , Zheng Shaoyi
Published: December 2020

Background: In heart transplantation, donor hearts inevitably suffer from ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury, which leads to primary graft dysfunction and affects patients’ survival rate. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) have been reported to attenuate myocardial I/R injury via their paracrine effects, which can be enhanced by hypoxic preconditioning. We hypothesized that the donor heart preservation with hypoxic conditioned medium (CdM) derived from BMSCs would improve post-transplant graft function. Methods: Normoxic or hypoxic CdM were isolated from rat BMSCs cultured under normoxic (20% O2) or hypoxic (1% O2) condition. Donor hearts were explanted, stored in cardioplegic solution supplemented with either a medium (Vehicle), normoxic CdM (N-CdM), or hypoxic CdM (H-CdM), and then heterotopically transplanted. Antibody arrays were performed to compare the differences between hypoxic and normoxic CdM.Results: After heart transplantation, the donor heart preservation with normoxic CdM was associated with a shorter time to return of spontaneous contraction and left ventricular systolic diameter, lower histopathological scores, higher ejection fraction, and fractional shortening of transplanted hearts. The cardioprotective effects may be associated with the inhibition of apoptosis and inflammation, as reflected by less TUNEL-positive cells and lower levels of plasma proinflammatory cytokines (Interleukin-1β, Interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor-α) and cardiac troponin I in the N-CdM group compared with the vehicle group. These therapeutic effects can be further enhanced by hypoxic preconditioning. Antibody arrays revealed that nine proteins were significantly increased in hypoxic CdM compared with normoxic CdM. Furthermore, compared with vehicle and N-CdM groups, the protein levels of PI3K and p‐Akt/Akt ratio in the transplanted hearts significantly increased in the H-CdM group. However, no significant difference was found in the phosphorylation of Smad2 and Smad3 for the donor hearts among the three groups. Conclusions: Our results indicate that the cardioplegic solution-enriched with hypoxic CdM can be a novel and promising preservation solution for donor hearts.
Differences Between Autistic and Non-autistic Adults in the Recognition of Anger From Dynamic Expressions Remain After Controlling for Alexithymia.
Authors: Keating Connor Tom , Sowden Sophie L , Fraser Dagmar S , Cook Jennifer L
Published: December 2020

A burgeoning literature suggests that alexithymia, and not autism, is responsible for the difficulties with static emotion recognition that are documented in the autistic population. Here we investigate whether alexithymia can also account for difficulties with dynamic facial expressions. Autistic and control adults (N=60) matched on age, gender, non-verbal reasoning ability and alexithymia, completed an emotion recognition task, which employed dynamic point light displays of emotional facial expressions that varied in speed and spatial exaggeration. The ASD group exhibited significantly lower recognition accuracy for angry, but not happy or sad, expressions with normal speed and spatial exaggeration. The level of autistic, and not alexithymic, traits was a significant predictor of accuracy for angry expressions with normal speed and spatial exaggeration.
Níveis de aplicação de silício em Oryza sativa l. influenciados pela correção do solo
Authors: Galvão Jessivaldo Rodrigues , Oliveira Paulo Custódio Gomes de , Parise Francisco José de Oliveira , Gomes Debora Oliveira , Santana Mateus  Augusto de Carvalho , Viana Thiago Costa , Campos Carrera Jeferson , Jesus Andreza Mayra Baena Souza de
Published: December 2020

O arroz tem uma grande capacidade de absorver silício (Si) nas raízes, que se acumula na parte aérea da planta, acompanhando o fluxo da transpiração. Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar como o Si e a calagem afetam a fitometria e o teor de silício em plantas de arroz (Oryza sativa L.). Foi aplicado um total de 5 g de calcário por vaso contendo 5 kg de solo. As doses de silício foram: 0; 0,25; 0,50; 0,75 e 1 g por vaso com e sem correção, com quatro repetições. Cinco sementes foram semeadas por vaso e a fertilização foi realizada de acordo com a necessidade da colheita. Após dois meses, o material vegetal foicoletado, seco em estufa a 60 ° C e o teor de silício foi analisado. Os dados foram submetidos à análise de variância e regressão utilizando o software Sisvar. Os resultados  mostraram que a calagem proporcionoumaior absorção de Si pelas plantas. Plantas que não foram submetidas à calagem apresentaram aumentostanto na massa seca quanto na verde. As doses de silício resultaram em um aumento linear na produção demassa de broto verde e massa seca de plantas de arroz.
Carbonitration of a Tool for Pressing Stainless Steel Pipes
Authors: Ivanov I. V. , Mohylenets M. V. , Dumenko K. A. , Kryvchyk L. , Khokhlova T. S. , Pinchuk V. L.
Published: December 2020

To upgrade the operational stability of the tool at LLC “Karbaz”, Sumy, Ukraine, carbonation of tools and samples for research in melts of salts of cyanates and carbonates of alkali metals at 570–580 °C was carried out to obtain a layer thickness of 0.15–0.25 mm and a hardness of 1000–1150 НV. Tests of the tool in real operating conditions were carried out at the press station at LLC “VO Oscar”, Dnipro, Ukraine. The purpose of the test is to evaluate the feasibility of carbonitriding of thermo-strengthened matrix rings and needle-mandrels to improve their stability, hardness, heat resistance, and endurance. If the stability of matrix rings after conventional heat setting varies around 4–6 presses, the rings additionally subjected to chemical-thermal treatment (carbonitration) demonstrated the stability of 7–9 presses due to higher hardness, heat resistance, the formation of a special structure on the surface due to carbonitration in salt melts cyanates and carbonates. Nitrogen and carbon present in the carbonitrided layer slowed down the processes of transformation of solid solutions and coagulation of carbonitride phases. The high hardness of the carbonitrified layer is maintained up to temperatures above 650 °C. If the stability of the needle-mandrels after conventional heat treatment varies between 50–80 presses, the needles, additionally subjected to chemical-thermal treatment (carbonitration) showed the stability of 100–130 presses due to higher hardness, wear resistance, heat resistance, the formation of a special surface structure due to carbonitration in melts of salts of cyanates and carbonates.

Keywords: needle-mandrel, matrix ring, pressing, heat treatment, carbonitration.
Energy Characteristics of Medium Pressure Steam Boilers
Authors: Bezhan V. A. , Zhytarenko V. M. , Dalakov P.
Published: December 2020

The object of this study is the thermal and energy characteristics of medium pressure boilers of СНPP-1, four boilers CKTI-75/39F-2-4 and two boilers TP-150-2. All boilers operate on a common steam collector of 32 atm, at 420 °С. Fuel is a mixture of blast furnace gas and natural gas in the ratio of 0.7-0.9 volume particles. The characteristics of the blast furnace gas are not constant: the elemental composition, humidity, and dustiness of blast furnace gas change significantly. Analysis of operation of CHPP-1 medium pressure boilers of OJSC “Mariupol Metallurgical Combinat named after P. G. Ilyich” was carried out on the basis of the technical documentation and materials obtained during the ecological and thermal-technical tests of the boilers CKTI-75/39F-2-4 No. 7–9, and
TP-150 No. 11, 12 of SU “Promavtomatika”. The main purpose of the analysis is to identify patterns that affect the operational characteristics of boilers, especially the efficiency. The analysis revealed the nature of the overall dependence of the efficiency on the load, as well as the dependence of the efficiency of the boilers on the load at different thermal parts of the blast furnace gas. After carrying out the balance tests, the dependencies of the exhaust gas temperature on the boiler load at different thermal parts of the blast furnace gas were established.

Keywords: medium pressure boiler, thermal efficiency, blast furnace gas, heat losses.
Modeling of Innovation Research Clusters in the Field of Radioactive
Waste Utilization
Authors: Chernysh Ye. , Plyatsuk L. , Azarov S. , Tsutsumiuchi K. , Kotova I.
Published: December 2020

The situation with the processing and disposal of radioactive waste, including the liquid phase, is not resolved. Many questions remain regarding the environmental safety of processes and the technological implementation of the most energy-efficient solutions. Thus, the article’s main attention is paid to theoretical studies of the development innovation directions of radioactive waste processing using the VOSviewer software tool. The clusters were formed under modeling directions of application of radiolysis for radioactive waste utilization: the red cluster includes research of radionuclide sorption processes and their concentration for radiolysis of liquid media; the green cluster concerns factors of influence on water radiolysis in hydrogen production; the yellow cluster includes research areas of natural processes related to radiolysis; the blue cluster is connected with mathematical modeling of radiolysis process with fuel production and engineering implementation and the purple cluster related to the processes of radioactive waste management and disposal as well as the application of radiolysis for this purpose. The cluster simulations of nanoparticle and radiolysis applications for radioactive waste treatment have resulted in a new energy recovery strategy. The development of new matrix materials in combination with nanoparticles for the agglomeration and concentration of radionuclides is a promising innovative method of improving radiolysis under hydrogen production from radioactive waste.

Keywords: radioactive waste, nanoparticle, radiolysis, cluster simulations, software tool.
DMRG study of strongly interacting $\mathbb{Z}_2$ flatbands: a toy model inspired by twisted bilayer graphene
Authors: Eugenio Paul , Dag Ceren
Published: December 2020

Strong interactions between electrons occupying bands of opposite (or
like) topological quantum numbers (Chern=\pm1=±1),
and with flat dispersion, are studied by using lowest Landau level (LLL)
wavefunctions. More precisely, we determine the ground states for two
scenarios at half-filling: (i) LLL’s with opposite sign of magnetic
field, and therefore opposite Chern number; and (ii) LLL’s with the same
magnetic field. In the first scenario – which we argue to be a toy model
inspired by the chirally symmetric continuum model for twisted bilayer
graphene – the opposite Chern LLL’s are Kramer pairs, and thus there
exists time-reversal symmetry (\mathbb{Z}_2ℤ2).
Turning on repulsive interactions drives the system to spontaneously
break time-reversal symmetry – a quantum anomalous Hall state described
by one particle per LLL orbital, either all positive Chern
|{++\cdots+}\rangle|++⋯+⟩
or all negative |{--\cdots-}\rangle|−−⋯−⟩.
If instead, interactions are taken between electrons of like-Chern
number, the ground state is an SU(2)SU(2)
ferromagnet, with total spin pointing along an arbitrary direction, as
with the \nu=1ν=1
spin-\frac{1}{2}12
quantum Hall ferromagnet. The ground states and some of their
excitations for both of these scenarios are argued analytically, and
further complimented by density matrix renormalization group (DMRG) and
exact diagonalization.
DIFFICULTY OF ACCESS TO DRINKING WATER AND STATE OF HEALTH OF THE POPULATIONS OF GLAZOUE IN BENIN
Authors:   Teacher-Researcher at the Department of Sociology-Anthropology, University of Abomey-Calavi (UAC) / Benin Associate Professor / CAMES., L. Babadjide Charles
Published: December 2020

Drinking water is a basic resource for all living things. Its quality influences the life of living beings. The present research aims to analyze the difficulties linked to access to drinking water in the municipality of Glazoue and the state of health of the populations.The methodological approach used consisted in using documentary research techniques, interviews, observation, analysis of the water collected and compared with WHO standards. For this research of a mixed nature, 110 actors were surveys, 4 water sources analyzed and statistics of water sick people collected. The data were processed and analyzed by comparison and the PEIR analysis model made it possible to analyze the harmful effects caused by the consumption of unhealthy water on a predominantly rural population with low and limited income with its socio-economic consequences.The populations of Glazoue are confronted with a water deficit in this case during the dry season. The majority of wells dry up during the dry season and thus expose populations to the risk of water contamination due to the fact that the water from these types of wells is filled with sand and microorganisms. As for modern wells and boreholes, poor management is the main cause of their abandonment. Any situation that predisposes people to resort to water sources of questionable quality that endanger their health.
TO MEASURE SATISFACTION OF TOURISTS VISITING THE WORLD HERITAGE SITE OF AJANTA CAVES
Authors:   RGNF-SRF, Department of Tourism Administration, Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar Marathwada University, Aurangabad (M.S)., Tirath Gaikwad Sonali
Published: December 2020

To create effective marketing strategies for Heritage Destination in the tourism industry, an in depth knowledge of tourists is crucial. The aim of this study is to measure tourist satisfaction of the highly trafficked destination of the World Heritage Site of Ajanta Caves in Aurangabad (Maharashtra, India). Primary data was collected from 100 tourists (foreign & domestic tourists) visited Ajanta caves in the month of January 2020 using questionnaire. Data Analysis was done by using independent sample t-test and descriptive statistics. The findings of the study suggested that tourists were strongly satisfied with the appealing monument, facilities at the monument, scenic beauty of Ajanta caves and conservation of the monument. On the contrary tourists were let down with the accessibility & connectivity. It was also observed that there is no significant difference between satisfaction of foreign tourists and domestic tourists. Further researcher has come up with the suggestions for the destination planners and promoters to improve tourists footfall at the destination.
A STUDY OF OUTCOMES OF THE TOURISM SECTOR DEVELOPMENT ON THE ECONOMIC IMPROVEMENT OF THE PEOPLE INTHE BATTICALOA DISTRICT OF SRI LANKA
Authors:   Deputy Registrar, Eastern University,Sri Lanka., Navirathan V.
Published: December 2020

Tourism is recognized as a rural development mechanism in terms of its socio-economic condition towards rural communities, such as creating local rural incomes and employment, contributing local amenities and services, and aiding local culture resources conservation.Tourism is one of the growing industry in Sri Lanka in the post war development. Its contribution to the Sri Lanka economy is vital in same context. This study investigates how tourism sector development effects on the Economic Improvementof the people in Batticaloa district.The objectives of this study are to find out the content of perceived impact of tourism development on the Economic improvement of the families.The sample population consisting of residents residing in Batticaloa was surveyed.In order to determine the impacts of tourism on quality of life in Batticaloa district,a survey was conducted using a sample of one hundred respondents completed the interview. Data were collected through Primary data collection and secondary data collection. The data were analyzed using descriptive analyses with the support of Statistical Package for social sciences.The results revealed that the residents perception of tourism impacts did affect their satisfaction with particular life domains significantly.The results indicated that the relationship between the economic improvement and Tourism development.The result show that perceived impact of tourism development on the Economic improvement of the people. The findings show a relationship between impact of tourism sector development and economic improvement of the family have a positive impact.The findings of this study will be useful for resident in Batticaloa district to developing and implementing strategies to enhance economic and social improvement trough tourism development.
ASSESSMENT OF INORGANIC NUTRIENTS AND REDFIELD RATIOS IN WATERS ALONG ABOBO-DOUME FISH MARKET, COTE DIVOIRE
Authors:   Centre de Recherches Oceanologiques (CRO), 29, Rue des Pecheurs, Treichville, BP V18 Abidjan, Cote dIvoire., Diarrassouba TUO Adama
Published: December 2020

Dissolved inorganic nitrogen and phosphorus are among the pollutants that are used worldwide for coastal waters quality assessment due to their ecological and toxicological effects on the aquatic ecosystems. Waters quality along the Abobo-Doume Fish Market in Ebrie Lagoon was assessed using five (5) stations by measuring pH, temperature, salinity, Electric conductivity, transparency and Total dissolved solids (TDS) on one hand, and on the other hand, inorganic nutrients concentrations as ammonium (NH4+), nitrite (NO2-), nitrate (NO3-) and phosphates (PO43-) by colorimetric methods. To quantify the primary production limitation, the N:P ratios were calculated and then compared to the Redfield one (16:1). Temperature, pH, salinity, Electric conductivity, transparency and Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) were found in respective ranges of 27.99-28.71Â°C 8.23-8.39 28.50-30.43Â‰ 44.30-46.7mS/Cm, 0.5-1.0m and 27.48-29.11 mg/L. NH4+, NO2-, NO3- and PO43- were found in the respective ranges of 0.318-0.753, 0.060-0.067, 1.90-5.20 and 0.38-0.55 mg/L. The highest concentrations of nitrogen and phosphorus species were respectively observed in surface and bottom waters. The analyzed waters were of Bad Quality due to high nitrate, nitrite and phosphates concentrations that were more than three times above the Bad Quality Class defined by the European Environmental Agencys criteria. The N:P ratios ranged from 7.94 to 25.36, and the ratios observed in surface waters were higher than the bottom ones. Waters were generally phosphorus (P)-Limited in surface and nitrogen (N)-Limited in bottom layers. Due to the high nutrients concentrations observed, a long-term assessment is therefore recommended to evaluate the temporal trends of the waters quality along Abobo-Doume Fish Market.
FUNCTIONAL PROPERTIES OF TABLE SUGARS DERIVED FROM THE SAP OF THE INFLORESCENCES OF 03 COCONUT (COCOS NUCIFERA.L) CULTIVARS IN COTE DIVOIRE
Authors:   Marc Delorme Research Station for coconut, National Centre of Agronomic Research (CNRA), Abidjan, Cote dIvoire., D. Muriel J. Okoma , K. Jean Louis Konan ,   Marc Delorme Research Station for coconut, National Centre of Agronomic Research (CNRA), Abidjan, Cote dIvoire., Rebecca R Assa ,   Laboratory of Biochemistry and Food Sciences, UFR Biosciences, University Felix Houphouet Boigny, Abidjan, Cote dIvoire.
Published: December 2020

This study is part of a context of diversification of the uses of the Ivorian coconut tree. The objective was to determine the functional characteristics of crystalline sugars derived from the sap of inflorescences of three coconut cultivars. Red and white sugars from cane were taken as controls. Variations in final temperatures coupled with distinct cooking times were carried out in order to evaluate the effect of the time/temperature couple on the studied parameters. Thus, three different treatments were applied.The functional characterization of the sugars studied shows that coconut sugars are an important source of total polyphenols with levels ranging from 34.64 to 143.12 mg/100g.No polyphenolic compounds were assayed in white cane sugar. Coconut sugars from treatment 1 are less energetic than those from the other two treatments. On the other hand, brown and white sugars from sugar cane are more energetic than those from coconut trees.In view of all the above, coconut sugars, especially those from treatment 1, are natural sweeteners with a low energy value. In addition, they are rich in polyphenols and flavonoids, unlike refined cane sugar and its red counterpart which contains very few nutrients.Thus, coconut sugars produced in Cote dIvoire can be considered as a phytonutrient substitute, capable of replacing sugarcane sugars.
GALECTIN-3 IN MODULATING INFLAMMATION IN ADIPOCYTES AND MACROPHAGES
Authors:   Department of Biotechnology, Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh, India., Kishori Panigrahi Braja , Das Swati ,   Department of Genetic Engineering, SRM institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu, India., Philberta Dumpala Faina ,   Department of Biotechnology, Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh, India., Vagicharla Reshma ,   Department of Biotechnology, Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh, India., Kumar Kunderu Sai ,   Department of Biotechnology, Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh, India., Lakshmi Bodiga Vijaya ,   Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Genetics and Hospital forGenetic Diseases, Osmania University, Begumpet,Hyderabad Telangana, India.
Published: December 2020

Previous studies on endogenous galectin-3 proved its role in the pathogenesis of asthma, heart attack and obesity. Galectin-3 applied therapeutically as gene therapy suppresses the inflammatory response in a rat asthma model thus presenting novel therapeutic approach to the treatment of several diseases. Despite availability of enormous data concerning galectin-3 expression, the mechanisms of regulation of galectin-3 expression are relatively poorly defined. Galectins are either pro-inflammatory or anti-inflammatory, such as galectin-1, may be employed as anti-inflammatory agents, while others, such as galectin-3, are evidently suitable targets for anti-inflammatory drugs. Investigating galectin-3 in the immune response has demonstrated that this protein displays pro- and anti-inflammatory roles depending on the target cell type, whether galectin-3 is acting exogenously or endogenously, its expression level and other inflammatory factors. It is therefore imperative that all these factors be taken into consideration should galectin-3 be used therapeutically.
Impact of diversification on systemic risk of conventional banks listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange
Authors: Fresno Musa , Hanggraeni Dewi
Published: December 2020

It is believed that bank diversification increases financial stability. However, several theories argue that diversification can trigger the spread of failure because of the increased interconnectivity between institutions. The aim of this study is to determine the impact of diversification on the systemic risk of banks. The sample of the study consists of 21 conventional banks listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange from 2009 to 2018. The study uses firm-year fixed effect panel regression and an instrumental variable approach to examine how firm-specific variables determine the level of systemic risk. Diversification is measured by bank assets, funding, and revenue diversification. To measure the systemic risk, the Conditional Value-at-Risk (ΔCoVaR) methodology is applied. The results show that an increase in funding diversification leads to a decrease in ΔCoVaR, indicating that funding diversification exacerbates the level of systemic risk, whereas asset diversification and revenue diversification do not have significant effects on the level of systemic risk. The empirical findings suggest that the interconnectivity between banks should be reduced by limiting the diversification of funding in the banks to minimize their systemic risks.
The impact of organizational support on project efficiency: evidence from Kazakhstan
Authors: Sabden Orazaly , Kozhakhmetova Assel , Zhidebekkyzy Aknur , Turdalina Sharbanu
Published: December 2020

Project managers from different areas struggle to find universal set of factors to achieve high project efficiency. However, the project efficiency assessment varies across industries, making it difficult to apply general concepts and guidelines in the specific project environment. The study’s main purpose is to assess the impact of organizational support on project efficiency in different areas and identify critical processes that increase it. The paper presents quantitative research results by using data from 261 project managers in the Republic of Kazakhstan during 2018–2019. The research sample consists of commercialization projects, scientific projects, social projects, and projects from the service industry. The research findings show the different quality levels of top management support and its high correlation with project efficiency. Furthermore, the study reveals the specific processes for each investigated type of project that highly correlate with project efficiency dimensions. Commercialization projects that intensively use the organizational support processes were the most efficient projects by showing the best result in cost overrun (15%) and the second resulted in schedule overrun (17%). These findings have theoretical and practical implications, supporting project managers in increasing their project efficiency by choosing the critical, proper project management tools and techniques.
A TRANSGRESSÃO DO DIREITO FUNDAMENTAL À EDUCAÇÃO E OS RETROCESSOS NO ENSINO CONSEQUÊNCIA DO COVID 19: DESAFIOS DA EDUCAÇÃO NO PÓS PANDEMIA
Authors: Bernardineli Muriana Carrilho , Almeida Camila Sanchez Aleixo de
Published: December 2020

A presente pesquisa tem como objetivo levantar hipóteses sobre como ficará a educação após a pandemia do Covid-19. É importante destacar que o direito à educação é um direito fundamental, previsto no capítulo dos direitos sociais, na Constituição Federal de 1988. Historicamente, os direitos sociais surgiram diante da percepção da sociedade de que era preciso a atuação positiva por parte do Estado para concretizar esses direitos, de modo a garantir o acesso democrático a todos os cidadãos. São classificados como direitos fundamentais de segunda geração. No contexto atual da pandemia, as instituições de ensino tiveram que se adaptar para que os alunos não tivessem seu direito à educação tolhido ou diminuído, adotando como solução, em muitos casos, o ensino remoto. O Estado, por sua vez, também teve que atuar de modo a regularizar essa situação por meio da publicação de normas de caráter temporário. Porém, o cerne da questão que assola o país, não é jurídica e/ou técnica, mas sim a evidente desigualdade social que reflete diretamente nas possíveis consequências que a pandemia irá ocasionar no sistema educacional brasileiro. O contexto atual evidencia que, após a Covid-19, há uma tendência de alta na evasão escolar e no desencadeamento de problemas psicológicos tanto em alunos como em professores. Além disso, a pandemia veio para acelerar uma tendência mercadológica, adotada por parte das instituições de ensino, que é o oferecimento dos cursos à distância em detrimento do modelo presencial. Por fim, menciona-se ainda foram utilizados para elaboração deste artigo o método histórico e indutivo, pautando-se em documentos físicos e eletrônicos.
PHOTODEGRADATION OF RhB UNDER VISIBLE LIGHT BY PT/TIO2 NANOPARTICLES PREPARED THROUGH PHOTOREDUCTIVE DEPOSITION PROCESS
Authors: Li Jianye , Yan Youjun , Sun Guangjin , Yang Jianwei , Wang Zhixiao , Yan Xue
Published: December 2020

Pt/TiO2 nanoparticles were prepared by a simple two-step aqueous solution method, which consists of a low temperature hydrothermal step and a photoreduction deposition step. The as-prepared samples were characterized by XRD, TEM, XPS, UV-vis, and BET techniques. The as-prepared samples exhibited enhanced photocatalytic activity towards the degradation of rhodamine B (RhB) under visible light irradiation. With increasing Pt content from 0.25 to 1 wt.%, the band gap energies shift from 2.32 to 1.64 eV. The 0.75 wt.% Pt/TiO2 sample showed the best photocatalytic activity, which could be ascribed to the formation of a Schottky barrier and the localized surface plasmon resonance effect of Pt nanoparticles. And the as-prepared samples also displayed excellent stability and reusability in multiple experimental cycles.
OPTIMIZATION OF BREWING WASTE’S (TRUB) PHENOLIC COMPOUNDS EXTRACTION BY ULTRASOUND ASSISTED USING RESPONSE SURFACE METHODOLOGY
Authors: Gandolpho Bianca , Almeida Aline , Gandolpho Gabriel , Freitas Daniele , Gasparini Otávio , Machado Michelle , Barreto Pedro
Published: December 2020

The brewing waste, also known as trub, is an abundant by-product of the brewing industry. Such material presents high levels of phenolic compounds, which promote antioxidant, antimicrobial and antifungal effects, turning the trub economically attractive. In this study, the trub’s phenolic compounds were extracted by ultrasound-assisted extraction technology. Such experiments were conducted according to a central composite rotatable design (CCRD), with the evaluated parameters being ethanol concentration, solid-liquid ratio and extraction temperature. Response surface methodology (RSM) described the effect of process’ variables through second order polynomial models, adjusted appropriately for such analysis, and optimized the operating conditions, aiming to obtain the maximum extraction of phenolic compounds through the proposed technique. The extraction’s optimal conditions for the evaluated variables were ethanol concentration of 58%, solid-liquid ratio of 1 g per 32 mL, and extraction temperature of 36 ºC, during a 30 minute process. Considering such experimental conditions, the total amount of phenolic compounds was equal to 7.23 mg of gallic acid g-1 trub, indicating that a great concentration of phenolic compounds can be extracted from this material through the proposed technique. Thus, this indicates that trub might be a promising by-product that can be used in different industrial fields.
Fungal microbiome of barley grain revealed by NGS and mycological analysis
Authors: Kazartsev Igor , Gagkaeva Tatiana , Gavrilova Olga , Gannibal Philipp
Published: December 2020

Introduction. Barley can be infected with a broad variety of fungi, which can cause considerable loss of crop yield and reduce the quality of grain. Modern vision on the geographical and ecological distribution and biodiversity of micromycetes has been established by traditional, cultivation-based methods. However, more recently, molecular methods have shifted microbiological research to a new level, making it possible to investigate hidden taxonomical biodiversity. Study objects and methods. For this study, we determined the fungal biome on the surface and inside of barley grains using the traditional mycological method and the contemporary molecular method, which employed DNA metabarcoding based on NGS (nextgeneration sequencing) of the ITS2 region. We analyzed five cultivars that were collected in two subsequent crop seasons (2014, 2015). Results and discussion. DNA metabarcoding revealed 43 operational taxonomic units, while 17 taxa of genus or species level were recovered by the traditional method. DNA metabarcoding revealed several minor species and one predominant, presumably plantpathogenic Phaeosphaeria sp., which were not detected in the agar plate-based assay. Traditionally, Fusarium fungi were identified by mycological assay. However, the resolution of DNA metabarcoding was sufficient to determine main Fusarium groups divided by ability to produce toxic secondary metabolites. The combined list of Ascomycetes consisted of 15 genera, including 14 fungi identified to species level. The list of Basidiomycota derived from DNA metabarcoding data alone included 8 genera. Conclusion. It was found that crop season predetermines the fungal community structure; mycobiota on the surface and inside of grain was significantly different.
Chapter 2. Mechanisms of changes in dynamic complexity of EEG patterns in epileptic brain injury
Authors:   Institute of Physiology named after I. P. Pavlov, RAS, Dik Olga E. , Nozdrachev Alexander D. ,   Institute of Physiology named after I. P. Pavlov, RAS
Published: December 2020

The second chapter is devoted to elucidating the mechanisms underlying the changes in the dynamic complexity of EEG patterns in disorders of the functional state of the brain associated with epileptic injuries, and modeling the possibility of automatic detection of epileptic discharges based on a comparative study of changes in wavelet spectra and the degree of multifractality of EEG patterns in patients with partial symptomatic epilepsy before, during and after epileptic discharges, as well as when opening the eyes and during hyperventilation during periods of absence of epileptic discharges. Comparative analysis of changes in wavelet spectra and in degree of multifractality of EEG patterns in patients with partial symptomatic epilepsy before, during and after epileptic discharges, as well as during covering the eyes and with hyperventilation during periods of absence of epileptic discharges, proved that changes in the values of multifractal parameters and the maximum of the global energy of the EEG wavelet spectrum can be used to automatically distinguish between periods before, during and after an epileptic discharge. Using multifractal analysis, it was found that the mechanism of changes in the dynamic complexity of EEG patterns during the occurrence of epileptic discharges is based on an increase in the contribution of weak fluctuations of successive EEG values, leading to an increase in their correlation and a significant increase in the energy of the wavelet spectrum and the degree of multifractality of the pattern in the preictal period.
Chapter 3. Mechanisms of changes in dynamic complexity of EEG patterns underlying correction of psychogenic pain in anxiety-phobic states
Authors:   Institute of Physiology named after I. P. Pavlov, RAS, Dik Olga E. , Nozdrachev Alexander D. ,   Institute of Physiology named after I. P. Pavlov, RAS
Published: December 2020

The third chapter explains the mechanisms for correcting anxiety-phobic states. For this, the changes occurring in the EEG patterns during the presentation of a painful stimulus and in the process of eliminating the pain sensation using the psychorelaxation technique in healthy individuals are considered; and these changes are compared with changes in EEG patterns during patients’ feelings of psychogenic pain and during its removal using psycho-relaxation techniques. It has been shown that the mechanisms underlying the correction of psychogenic pain in anxiety-phobic states are associated with changes in the dynamics of successive EEG values and the degree of their multifractality. With successful correction in the process of psychorelaxation in persons with anxiety-phobic disorders, there is a transition to the values of multifractal parameters characteristic for healthy people.
Chapter 3. Postcollisional intrusions of the Alai Segment of South Tien Shan
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University, Konopelko Dmitry L.
Published: December 2020

The early Permian intrusions of the Alai Segment of the South Tien Shan comprise four geochemically contrasting intrusive series, including (1) I-type and (2) shoshonitic granitoids, (3) peraluminous granitoids including S-type leucogranites and (4) alkaline rocks and carbonatites, closely associated in space and time. New geochronological data indicate that diverse magmatic series of the Alai segment formed virtually coevally in a post-collisional setting. Five U-Pb zircon rock ages in the range 287 – 281 Ma, in combination with published ages, define the main post-collisional magmatic pulse at 290 - 280, which is similar to ages of post-collisional intrusions elsewhere in the South Tien Shan. The Sr-Nd-Pb-Hf isotopic compositions of the studied intrusions are consistent with the reworking of crustal material with 1.6 – 1.1 Ga average crustal residence times indicating the formation of the Alai segment of the South Tien Shan on a continental basement with Mesoproterozoic or older crust. It is suggested that position of the Alai microcontinent between two major sutures enabled delamination of its lithospheric mantle, which triggered the diverse post-collisional magmatism as a result of interaction of ascending asthenospheric material with lithospheric mantle and various crustal protoliths.
Intangible-driven performance: Two decades searching for the Philosopher's Stone
Authors:   International Laboratory of Intangible-driven Economy, National Research University Higher School of Economics, Campus in St. Petersburg, Shakina Elena A. , Molodchik Mariya A. ,   International Laboratory of Intangible-driven Economy, National Research University Higher School of Economics, Campus in Perm, Parshakov Petr A. ,   International Laboratory of Intangible-driven Economy, National Research University Higher School of Economics, Campus in Perm
Published: December 2020

The study offers a structural literature review on the twenty years the evolution of the fast-growing research topic of intellectual capital (IC) and intangible-driven performance. Despite a rather short independent history, the IC concept has undergone a substantial transformation, bringing to the discussion vast empirical and methodological literature. Several endeavors carrying out literature review studies could only partially satisfy the needs of the systematization of the relevant research. Hence, there is still a large room for such kind of analysis due to the increasing number of new papers published in the area and puzzle of IC-related sophistications. To draw a holistic picture of the landscape of IC and associated corporate performance, this study departures from the mixed research methodology embracing elements of machine-learning tools and in-depth qualitative interpretation of obtained results and critical discussion of the most influential studies in the field. Our findings demonstrate that four professional outlets selected for the examination have generated four relatively isolated research topics: “Human capital and performance”, “Knowledge sharing, organizational learning: processes that drive performance”, “IC and knowledge management for business performance”, “Measurement, disclosure of IC and knowledge for business performance”. All these research lines are welcomed by all leading journals in the field, having high potential to create a dense flow of conceptual and empirical contributions and practical value for a knowledge-intensive business.
Beyond Postcoloniality: Female Subjectivity and Travel in Jamaica Kincaid’s Among Flowers
Authors:   Assistant Professor, Department of English, Symbiosis College of Arts and Commerce, Pune,, Bhattacharya Subarna
Published: December 2020

In feminist studies, the relation between gender and travel has been addressed in many important critical discourses. Feminist critics have pointed out that travel writing had for long remained oblivious about women’s travel, one reason being that travel was, forever, a masculinist exercise. Underlining the gendered aesthetics of travel writing, feminist criticism has read women’s travelogues as interesting sites of struggle between repeating the normative patterns of male travelling and casting an ‘alternative’ gaze. However, reading women’s travel writing simply as feminist narratives against their masculinist counterparts can be an oversimplification, as it may mean ignoring the deeper complexities underlying the texts. Being an autobiographical form, travel writing creates textual spaces where the formation of selfhood happens through a constant negotiation of the ‘self’ with the ‘world’, not only in terms of gender, but also other subject identities like race, class, and culture. In this context, my paper proposes to read Jamaica Kincaid’s Among Flowers. A Walk in the Himalaya (2005), as a female travel writing, where the question of gender intertwines with her non-white, ex-colonial, diasporic identity during her travel in Himalayan Nepal. My focus would be on examining the writer’s narratorial self as a female agency, influencing, and negotiating her postcolonial identity. The paper will try to address how the travelogue functions as a register of female experiences, while Kincaid, as a post-colonial black traveller, negotiates her position within the existing imperialist paradigm of white travelling.
Gender, Religion and Nationalism: Locating Muslim women in Indian Nationalist Discourse in Momtaz Shah Nawaz’s The Heart Divided
Authors:   PhD Research Scholar, Department of Humanities and Social Sciences, IIT Kharagpur,, Chisti Suma
Published: December 2020

In the late nineteenth and early twentieth century colonial India, with the dramatic changes in socio-political scenario the nationalist discourse in India was significantly reshaped. And with the rise of a new nationalist discourse in India, the position and representation of women in Indian nationalist discourse was rethought and redefined – first, because of the rise of Goddess-centric nationalist rhetoric and secondly, the nationalist leaders’ promotion of and call for women participation in the freedom movement. Historian, critics and social scientists find women liberation movement, social reform and cultivation of feminist discourse in India intertwined with the rise of nationalism or national movement in the country. In the late nineteenth and early twentieth century India witnessed the emergence of nationalist concepts of “New Women”, “Modern Indian Women” or “Mother India”. And the rise of these ideas substantiates both the subjective and objective position of women in Indian nationalist discourse. But so far as the position or representation of Indian Muslim women in Indian nationalist discourse is concerned, it has always been difficult to address the issue. While addressing this problem of the position of Indian Muslim women in Indian nationalist discourse some more points and facts need to be taken into account– first, the rise of Two Nation Theory which demanded a separate country for the Muslims of undivided India; secondly, the emergence of the secularist trend of Indian nationalism; thirdly, the significant rise of Hindu nationalism and fourthly, Muslims’ exceptional adherence to the practice of women seclusion due to their religious sentiment. In her novel The Heart Divided (1957) Momtaz Shah Nawaz, a Muslim woman writer of the undivided India, addresses all these concerns. In the novel she tries to figure out a definite role and position of Indian Muslim women in the nationalist discourse of colonial India during anti-colonial movement. My paper tries to explore the position of Muslim women in Indian nationalist discourse through a critical reading of the said novel. It attempts to find out how Muslim women had both the subjective and objective position in Indian nationalism during the freedom struggle. It also tries to address whether the nationalist terms like “New Women”, “Mother India” or “Modern Indian Women” are applicable for the Indian Muslim women.
Reconceptualising Female Disordered Eating and Body-Image Perceptions: A Gynocentric Trajectory Through the New-media
Authors:   Assistant Professor, Christ (deemed to be) University, Bangalore, Karnataka., M Deepali Mallya
Published: December 2020

Depriving the body from eating and developing a phobia about food is a vital attribute of the neurotic ailment, Anorexia Nervosa. Conspicuously, this is labeled as a female disorder. Various studies have examined that the germination point of this disorder is substantially based on the social presumptions such as, “Thin is beautiful.” In the psychoanalytical sense, this can be a response to ‘lack’ or ‘deficiency’ communicated through Lacanian Symbolic Order. This ‘lack’ unconsciously drives the female to look or become ‘thin.’ As proven in the various studies, this disciplinary project is marked by unattainability. Hence, this desire only ensues in female dejection and shame; further, it also restores her ‘deficiency.’ Nevertheless, in the last decade, new-media tools may have transformed the dynamics of female bodily-presumptions and their disordered eating. Various body-positive new-media handles seem to have deposed the Lacanian ‘lack’ and the ‘Symbolic Order’ only to replace them with an unrestrained and real female language. In this lieu, the paper theoretically critiques the Lacanian notions of female ‘Lack’ in the new-media domain. This study attempts to reconceptualise the trajectory of disordered eating and the female body-images from the twentieth century through the twenty-first century (i.e., with the augmentation of new-media).