bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
“Escutas da docência”: Ensino de História sobre a ditadura em tempos de autoritarismo e capitalismo digital pandêmico
Authors: Maia Junior Edmilson Alves
Published: July 2023

O artigo reflete sobre experiências enarrativas compartilhadas na série depodcasts “Escutas da docência: aulas deHistória sobre a ditadura”, produzidapelo Grupo e Projeto de Extensão FontesHistóricas da Ditadura, da Licenciaturaem História da FECLESC/UECE nacidade de Quixadá-CE. As discussõesdos episódios deram-se junto a professoresde escolas públicas do Sertão CentralCearense através de plataformas digitaise utilizando-se de métodos daHistória oral. Foram abordadas temáticasrelacionadas ao ensino da ditaduracivil-militar (1964-1985), às práticasdocentes, bem como os seus desafios notempo presente, tais quais o autoritarismo,a pandemia e o ensino remoto.Nossa análise evidenciou a necessidadede luta para construção de uma educaçãoverdadeiramente crítica, a defesa doEstado democrático de direito e da justiçasocial, bem como o combate a narrativasnegacionistas.
A tecnologia no ensino de História: museus virtuais e jogos digitais
Authors: De Andrade Andreia Rodrigues
Published: July 2023

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Entre o esperado e o real: tecnologias digitais, ensino e manuais didáticos de História
Authors: Coelho George Leonardo Seabra , Silva Luiz Silva Gustavo Martins da , Seniuk Talita , Silva Thálita Maria Francisco da
Published: July 2023

A “a cultura da convergência” informacional e a acelerada mudança nas relações sociais com as novas Tecnologias Digitais estão impactando nos ambientes escolares de forma contundente. No Ensino de História, em particular, essa cultura apresenta-se como uma problemática na medida em que desafia os professores e historiadores a se convergirem com um mundo cada vez mais digital, principalmente em suas aulas. Como os manuais didáticos de História os orientam para o exercício pleno de suas funções e na sua interface com as Tecnologias Digitais? Esta é a questão central que buscamos responder e, ao mesmo tempo, abrir possibilidades de resolução do problema. Este estudo propõe, então, uma análise que alinhe os manuais e as tecnologias com a formação e a prática docentes, e contribui para o processo de ensino, pesquisa e aprendizagem em História.
O lugar das “velhas” metodologias no mundo das novas tecnologias: tradição, inovação, ensino e pesquisa em História.
Authors: Pessoa Ângelo Emílio
Published: July 2023

O presente artigo relata um conjunto de experiências realizadas ao longo de anos de prática docente, relacionadas à pesquisa documental em História, conectando-a ao ensino e ao uso de tecnologias digitais através da produção de Powerpoints, de aulas remotas e de publicações de artigos em blogs destinados a temas históricos. Em específico, detalha uma recente experiência, referente ao uso de documentação digitalizada manuscrita do século XIX, constante do acervo da Câmara Municipal de João Pessoa, realizada na disciplina de Introdução aos Estudos Históricos, na Universidade Federal da Paraíba, enfocando os critérios de sua realização, os métodos empregados e os resultados obtidos no decorrer da atividade.
Entrevista com Sara Dias-Trindade Ensino de História e Humanidades Digitais: perspectiva e possibilidades potencializadoras para a aprendizagem histórica
Authors: Szlachta Junior Arnaldo Martin , Rodrigues Junior Osvaldo , Bonete Wilian Junior
Published: July 2023

Sara Dias-Trindade é professora no departamento de História, Estudos Europeus, Arqueologia e Artes da Faculdade de Letras da Universidade de Coimbra, Portugal. É doutora em Didática da História, com pós-doutorado em Tecnologias Educacionais e da Comunicação pela mesma instituição. É investigadora no Grupo Humanidades Digitais e integrante da equipe de coordenação científica do Centro de Estudos Interdisciplinares, da Universidade de Coimbra. Além disso, tem contribuído com diversos estudos e pesquisas em parceria com diferentes universidades brasileiras, cujos temas envolvem a relação entre a formação docente e as tecnologias digitais, os cenários híbridos de aprendizagem e a configuração de comunidades virtuais no ensino superior, ecologias de aprendizagens, competências digitais, letramento digital, educomunicação e aprendizagem móvel (mobile learning). Suas áreas de interesses investigativos são: a didática, a formação de professores, as tecnologias Digitais e educativas e o cinema na educação.
Dynamics of fecal zonulin levels in COVID-19 and in the post-covid period in children
Authors:   Saint Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation, Polunina A.V. , Novikova V.P. ,   Saint Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation, Blinov A.E. ,   Saint Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation, Varlamova O.N. ,   Saint Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation, Belova A.A. ,   Saint Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation, Balashov A.L. ,   Saint Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation,   City Polyclinic No 56, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation, Bannova S.L. ,   Saint Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation, Vorontsov P.V. ,   Saint Petersburg Medical and Social Institute, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation, Belevich S.V. ,   Saint Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation
Published: July 2023

Fecal zonulin is currently used as a biomarker of intestinal permeability. Objective. To assess the state of intestinal permeability in a novel coronavirus infection (COVID-19) in children based on the determination of fecal zonulin levels. Patients and methods. Fecal zonulin levels were assessed in 35 children with COVID-19, which was mild in most of them. Fecal sampling was performed at the time of diagnosis and 14 days after the start of observation. Patients were then randomized into two groups. Group 1 (study, n = 19) received Maxilac® Baby synbiotic (2 sachets once a day) for 1 month, group 2 (control, n = 16) did not receive any probiotics, prebiotics, and adsorbents for a month; the third stool sampling was performed 1 month after the second. The study was carried out by enzyme immunoassay using the IDK Zonulin ELISA test system (Immundiagnostik AG, Germany). Results. Fecal zonulin levels were 77.38 ± 12.59 ng/mL at the beginning of the disease, 76.26 ± 13.10 ng/mL on day 14, and 82.64 ± 11.99 ng/mL after one month (p1–2 = 0.75; p1–3 = 0.04; p2–3 = 0.04). Children who received Maxilac® Baby for a month did not have significant increases in zonulin levels (76.26 ± 13.10 ng/mL and 79.02 ± 11.87 ng/mL; p = 0.40), while the control group demonstrated significantly elevated zonulin levels (76.26 ± 13.10 ng/mL and 87.95 ± 10.96 ng/mL; p = 0.048). Conclusion. A month after the coronavirus infection, the intestinal permeability in children increases significantly, whereas it does not change during the course of the disease. Administration of Maxilac® Baby synbiotic in children who had a mild-tomoderate coronavirus infection and did not receive antibiotics effectively prevents intestinal permeability disorders in them. Key words: children, SARS-CoV-2, zonulin, coronavirus infection, intestinal permeability, COVID-19
Suwuk : Construction of the Javanese People's Mindset in Medicine
Authors: Setiawan Kodrat Eko Putro , Wahyuningsih Wahyuningsih Wahyuningsih , Rizaldy Dedy Richi , Kasimbar Devi Cintia
Published: July 2023

Suwuk is a traditional medicine that still exists in Javanese society, including the Ngawi people. This study aims to describe and explain the Javanese people's mindset about suwuk as a traditional medicine. The method in this research is descriptive qualitative. The subjects in this study were people who were directly involved in the Suwuk procession in the Ngawi Regency, East Java Province. The result of his research is that Suwuk is included in the element of technology. The practice of suwuk is carried out using media and mantras. Community pattern construction: Suwuk still exist and coexist with modern medicine; The emergence of diseases can be caused by two things, namely diseases that can be treated medically and there are diseases that are considered unnatural so that they must be treated through Suwuk. There is a pattern of community treatment that applies from generation to generation and is suggestive. The treatment procedure through Suwuk consists of two stages, namely: first, the stage of diagnosis and selection of the right treatment method; and second, the application of treatment. Diagnosis is basically done through numerology or petungan , intuitive knowledge. While the application of treatment through techniques, among others, through the media and spells.
Pranoto Mongso As Agricultural Calendar, A Javanese Cultural Heritage In The Middle Of Global Climate Change
Authors: Atmojo Suntoro Wongso
Published: July 2023

Pranoto mongso (from Javanese, pranåtåmångså, literally “the conditions of seasons”) is a type of agricultural calendar particularly for the purpose of farming and fishing. It is a local wisdom created by the famous poet R.Ng.Ronggowarsito to introduce time and has been practiced by the people in Java Island for thousands of years. This knowledge is presumably inherited from generation to generation from the period of Medang or Mataram Kingdom (Hinduism) in the 9th century to the period of Mataram Sultanate in the17th century as a reference in the fields of agriculture economy, administration, and defense(military). Pranoto mongso has been officially used by Sri Susuhunan Pakoeboewono VII, the King of Surakarta, since June 22, 1856. It is based on solar rotation, which is similar to the Gregorian calendar. The application of pranoto mongso in the middle of climate change remains relevant as a general guideline for anticipation. For instance, Mangsa Rendeng (DecemberFebruary) is the months of storms, rains, floods, and landslides, while Kawolu (February-March) informs farmers to be prepared for plant diseases and plagues that affect humans and animals. Pranoto mongso is still limited to once-a-year rice farming. In order to anticipate climate change, pranoto mongso,as a global seasonal approach, has to be corrected using the updates and applications of climate prediction as well as the development of site-specific (or regional), dynamic cropping pattern and calendar. Water-efficient crop varieties and cultivation patterns are highly applicable for dealing with climate change. Pranoto mongso is preserved by the Javanese people, especially in Central Java Province, as global season guidelines.
JAVANESE BATIK MOTIFS AND ORNAMENTATION AS OBJECTS OF AESTHETICS AND GENERATIVE ART WITH PSEUDO-ALGORITHM
Authors: Saputro Dewi Retno Sari , Widyaningsih Yekti , Wibowo Antoni
Published: July 2023

The batik patterns that are known to be fractal are the reality that there are alternative perspectives that exist among Indonesian society and civilization which are unique relative to the general modern perspective. This uniqueness is important considering that fractals are a form of understanding geometry and system complexity. Pseudo-algorithm in batik is an ornamentation process: klowongan-isenharmonization which starts from the smallest fractional elements of batik motifs (fractals), has selfsimilarity and is carried out through iterative computational methods. Batik as a patterned aesthetic object has pseudo-algorithmic depiction rules that can be treated as a generative art form. Batik that can be developed as fractal batik is batik with geometric motifs. Fractals have initiated a change and presented scientific creativity and progressivity in several fields in the form of interdisciplinary. All computational patterns growth to find fractal character in batik can turn into the sources of creativity to create new motifs.

Keywords: Javanese batik, ornamentation, Aesthetic, pseudo algorithm
SPICE CULTURE IN JAVA AS A REVITALIZATION OF ANCIENT SPICE PATHWAYS AND FUTURE PROGRESS
Authors: Baiquni M
Published: July 2023

Java is a rich island originating from the archipelago, a large country that has various contents in it. Inside Borobudur Temple, there are neatly engraved reliefs, which tell various events or stories about teachings for mankind. One of the reliefs depicts a sailor sailing and the presence of merchandise, one of which is spices. The history of the magnitude of the spice route and with the development of the spice trade, several positions have also emerged regarding the superior spice commodities in each region of the archipelago, including the following; Java, Maluku, Banda Island, and others. To strengthen the spice path in this modern era, various efforts were made, one of which was this research. Using literature study methods and peer discussions, data are produced, including; 1. Maritime History of Java and the Archipelago, Commodities, and Spice Routes; 2. The Influence of Javanese Civilization and the Center of the Nusantara Spice Line; 3. Form of Activities and Strengthening of Spice Pathways in Java; and 4. Javanese spices, dishes, drinks, and other spices. These forms are expected to be able to be a successful step in the revitalization of ancient spice pathways and future progress.

Keywords: Java, Spice Line, revitalization, future progress
EFL Students’ Perception on Translation Effects Toward Their L1 and L2 Empowerment: Reestablishing the Use of Translation in FL Teaching
Authors: Permana Sudarya
Published: July 2023

This paper aims to discuss EFL students’ perception on translation effects toward their L1 and L2 empowerment. The data were taken from fifty-two students who had passed the course of translation, both L1 to L2 and L2 to L1. To gain the data, a researcher-developed questionnaire was distributed to find out students’ perception, consisting of a closed-ended and an open-ended questionnaire. From the statistical findings, it was revealed that in terms of the four main language skills, namely reading, listening, speaking, and writing, students perceived that translation was able to empower their L1 and L2 reading, listening, and writing, but with little contribution to their L1 and L2 speaking. In addition to these three language skills, the translation course was also able to empower students in the L1 and L2 grammar and vocabulary mastery.
Editorial
Authors:   Associação Portuguesa de Nutrição, Borges Nuno
Published: July 2023

Neste número da Acta Portuguesa de Nutrição são publicados catorze novos artigos que, uma vez mais, refletem a diversidade da área científica da Nutrição e Alimentação e o comprometimento dos seus investigadores. De entre os artigos que aqui se publicam, merece destaque o de Horta e Coelho, onde se comparam os conhecimentos sobre interação fármaco-nutriente de profissionais de farmácia vs. nutricionistas. Não será novidade que o tema das interações fármaco-nutriente constitui uma questão de relevo para o trabalho diário destes e de outros profissionais de saúde: a constante evolução do conhecimento científico em nutrição e alimentação, juntamente com a preponderância sempre crescente da terapêutica farmacológica na medicina atual, exige atualização permanente dos conhecimentos por parte de todos os que lidam e têm responsabilidades com tantos e tantos doentes onde a possibilidade de ocorrência de interferências nocivas entre alimentação e terapêutica farmacológica é bem real. Mais ainda, dado tratar-se de uma área que podemos considerar de fronteira entre vários grupos profissionais, como médicos, nutricionistas ou farmacêuticos, p. ex., podemos assistir não raras vezes a situações em que o doente cai numa espécie de “terra de ninguém”, acarretando potenciais prejuízos para a sua saúde. Vale também este artigo para nos ajudar a refletir sobre a necessidade de articulação entre os diversos grupos profissionais envolvidos na gestão dos doentes que são, nunca o esqueçamos, a razão de ser de todo o complexo sistema de saúde que hoje mantemos. Assim, será sempre no melhor interesse dos nossos doentes que devemos procurar, obviamente, fazer desenvolver as equipas multidisciplinares, com respeito pelas competências de cada um e onde o todo supere a soma das partes, numa gestão de interações que por vezes se pode tornar ainda mais complexa que a da alimentação com a terapêutica farmacológica. Mas cremos que existe também um trabalho individual, de melhoramento e atualização permanente, através do qual se faça a afirmação cabal não só do indivíduo como do grupo profissional ao qual pertence e que, por isso, representa. O caminho da diferenciação profissional, que consigo acarreta a indispensabilidade do indivíduo e do grupo no seio das referidas equipas multidisciplinares, faz-se também pelo desenvolvimento científico de cada um. Neste contexto, acreditamos que ter a capacidade de desenvolver investigação científica própria de qualidade em contexto de trabalho constitui a mais sólida via para a consolidação desse desenvolvimento científico e, por conseguinte, desse necessário percurso de melhoramento pessoal. Para isso existem publicações, como a Acta Portuguesa de Nutrição, cujo objetivo é precisamente possibilitar o aparecimento destes trabalhos, de forma séria e rigorosa, a única, aliás, que a boa ciência permite.
Health Literacy Awareness Among Orthopaedic Surgery Residents
Authors: Shing Elaine Z. , Wally Meghan K. , Seymour Rachel B. , Patt Joshua C. , Scannell Brian P. ,   on behalf of The Collaborative Orthopaedic Educational Research Group
Published: July 2023

Introduction:

Musculoskeletal health literacy (HL) is an emerging concept in orthopaedic patient care. Estimated rates of low musculoskeletal HL in patients surpass those of general HL. Studies in other specialties suggest that medical trainees are ill equipped to interact with low HL patients, often with detrimental patient outcomes. The purpose of this study was to (1) establish the current state of HL awareness among orthopaedic surgery trainees, (2) characterize the current state of HL training in orthopaedic surgery programs, and (3) evaluate the desire for formalized HL training among orthopaedic surgery trainees.

Methods:

This study was endorsed by the Collaborative Orthopaedic Education Research Group board. A 17-item questionnaire was administered anonymously to orthopaedic residents through a secure online platform in the 2020 to 2021 academic year. All participation was voluntary.

Results:

One hundred ninety-two residents (42%) from 19 orthopaedic programs completed the survey. Most residents felt “somewhat comfortable” with issues related to HL. Most residents reported no specific training in HL issues during residency (77.5%). Of the 43 residents (22.3%) who did receive formal training, most of these individuals felt that the training is effective (N = 42, 97.7%). Role playing/standardized patient encounters were reported as the most effective form of HL training. Residents felt it was somewhat important to receive formal HL training in residency (median = 4.0, interquartile range = 3.0-5.0), and there was a modest desire for formalized training (39%).

Discussion:

This study is the first to characterize orthopaedic resident perceptions of HL issues in practice and training. Residents were somewhat confident in their understanding of HL concepts, and those who received formal training felt it was effective. However, there remains a low rate of formal orthopaedic resident training in HL issues, which may be an area for improvement in orthopaedic training paradigms.
Buku Ajar Komunikasi Pemasaran
Authors: Hariyanto Didik
Published: July 2023

Puji syukur kepada Tuhan Yang Maha Esa, sehingga Buku Ajar Komunikasi Pemasaran ini dapat disusun dengan baik meskipun perlu penyempurnaan lebih lanjut. Marcom (Marketing communication) ini sangat penting untuk ditulis, karena perubahan teknik pemasaran saat ini yang begitu cepat seiring dengan perubahan teknologi media pemasaran yang bergerak sangat dinamis tentu membutuhkan strategi komunikasi pemasaran yang tepat, akurat dan dapat menjangkau lebih banyak konsumen. Mata kuliah prasarat yang harus diselesaikan sebelum mengambil mata kuliah
Deep Learning Algorithms for predicting the geographical locations of Pandemic Disease Patients from Global Positioning System (GPS) Trajectory Datasets
Authors: UGWOKE Paulinus Okechukwu , Udanor Collins N. , Bakpo Francis S.
Published: July 2023

Background and aim:The successful isolation of the Covid-19 virus in Wuhan, China in December 2019 provided empirical/scientific proof of the existence of the Covid 19 virus and marked the beginning of a pandemic of great proportions. Although localized and moderate at inception, the Covid-19 pandemic has proceeded to overwhelm the health authorities in several countries of the world. Concerted efforts to monitor the spread of the virus had been undertaken since the advent of the Covid-19 pandemic. The attempt to flatten the curve of the Covid-19 pandemic initially relied on contact tracing of persons who made contacts with infected persons. Presently, owing to the dynamics of the pandemic, scientists appear more preoccupied with the higher task of geographical location prediction of pandemic disease patients. Accordingly, the aim of this study is to carry out a comparative analysis of six deep learning algorithms for predicting the geographical locations of Covid-19 patients from Big GPS trajectory datasets.
Method: The methodology for this study, proposes to design and apply selected deep learning algorithms for predicting the location of infected Covid-19 patients under monitoring. Among the deep learning algorithms include Recurrent Neural networks (RNN), Long-Short Term Memory (LSTM), Bidirectional LSTM (BiLSTM), Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN), Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU), Multilayer perceptron (MLP). The distinctive quality of the models is efficiency and effectiveness with regards to time saving, minimal use of computer resources, smart design, and development.
Result: The result of this study showed that with application of the above mentioned deep learning models, it is possible to predict the location of infected Covid-19 patients. Thus, the predictive ability of these models is not in doubt. The GRU algorithm outperformed the other algorithms (i.e., RNN, LSTM, BiLSTM, CNN, and MLP) based on Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) metrics applied such as Mean Absolute Error (MAE), Mean Squared Error (MSE), Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE), and Root Mean Squared Logarithmic Error (RMSLE) using uniform geographical location data. The result further revealed that location prediction of Covid-19 patients is more optimally executed using the deep learning models. Based on the findings in this paper, it is recommended that the deep learning models be applied in other jurisdictions for location prediction problems.
Conclusion: The result of this study recommends the deep learning models for location prediction problems of not only Covid-19 patients but all other pandemic disease situations around the globe.
Efficient Hotel Review Rating Prediction using Ensemble Learning
Authors: Kumar Mukesh , Kumar Chhotelal , Kumar Naween , Kavitha S.
Published: July 2023

Machine Learning (ML) is a branch of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in which data-driven schemes learn patterns by being exposed to relevant data. Natural Language Processing (NLP) has been benefiting greatly from ML. In this article, ML is used to anticipate hotel review ratings. This paper proposes an Ensemble Learning-based rating prediction model for predicting ratings based on user reviews. The main objective of this research article is to accurately predict the best user experience rating. The majority voting technique of Ensemble learning has been used to predict the ratings. In this research article, first, the dataset is cleaned and then processed through a series of Natural Language Processing (NLP) preprocessing steps. This article includes a comparison of various classifiers with various embedders. Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD) Classifier, Logistic Regression (LR), Logistic Regression Cross Validation (LRCV), Support Vector Classifier (SVC), Decision Tree Classifier (DTC), Random Forest Classifier (RFC), and K-Nearest Neighbour (KNN) are the 7 classifiers used, along with 3 embedding techniques: Bag of Words (BoW), Word2Vec, and Term Frequency-Inverse Document Frequency (TF-IDF). Our proposed solution is more accurate and works well. Accuracy and count are used as performance measures to compare and validate classifiers and embedders. According to the simulation report, TF-IDF utilizing LRCV has a 61% accuracy rate.
A systematic scoping review of the Social Vulnerability Index as applied to natural hazards
Authors: Painter Mary Angelica , Shah Sameer , Alexandre Gwendolyn , Khalid Fariha , Prudencio Wendy , Chisty Musabber Ali , Tormos-Aponte Fernando , Wilhelmi Olga
Published: July 2023

Social vulnerability approaches seek to identify social, economic, and political drivers that exacerbate environmental risks, and inform adaptation strategies that redress uneven vulnerabilities. Social Vulnerability Indices (SVIs), one such approach, have exponentially increased in use since their inception in 2003. This paper contributes the most comprehensive and rigorous systematic assessment of SVIs to-date, as applied in hazard and disaster contexts. We evaluate how 246 peer-reviewed articles, published online between 2003–2021, conceptualized, constructed, and applied SVIs across 20 distinct hazard and disaster contexts in 91 countries. Our review extends previous assessments, not only by analyzing a larger diversity and volume of burgeoning scholarship, but by linking the content, method, and objectives of SVIs to synthesize their strengths and limitations for addressing social vulnerability. Three overarching results are reported. First, we find indicators used to assess social vulnerability across hazards, spatial scales, and geographical contexts, were relatively homogenous. Most articles (81%) drew indicators and theories from already existing SVIs. While such replication is not inherently problematic, and to some extent, reflects established risk factors associated with hazards globally, the epistemological and methodological processes through which SVIs are readily reproduced and replicated warrant serious deliberation. Second, and relatedly, articles commonly used deductive, a priori approaches to identify indicators from secondary datasets, often at the expense of inductively-derived representations of vulnerability. Most articles exclusively relied upon quantitative and/or spatial methods (94%) and used secondary or tertiary data alone (80%), without validation and groundtruthing processes (76%). Together, the replication of previous SVIs through deductive research approaches, and their wide application across diverse hazards and geographies, undermines the ability to capture vulnerability as a place-based and context-specific phenomena. Third, and compounding potential ineffectiveness, SVIs appear most often as reactive and post-hazard riskmitigation instruments, with data and findings rarely applied for policy change to address socioeconomic and political causes of vulnerability. Overall, SVIs are an increasingly used instrument; however, their replication without evolving epistemic and methodological approaches, combined with their constrained focus on reactive policy measures, hamper novel and necessary research for countering social vulnerability to increasingly severe socio-environmental and public health risks.
Association of Parity with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Prevalence in Japan: The Tohoku Medical Megabank Community-Based Cohort Study
Authors: Wang Hongxin , Iwama Noriyuki , Yuwaki Keiichi , Nakamichi You , Hamada Hirotaka , Tomita Hasumi , Tagami Kazuma , Kudo Rie , Kumagai Natsumi , Metoki Hirohito , Nakaya Naoki , Hozawa Atsushi , Kuriyama Shinichi , Yaegashi Nobuo , Saito Masatoshi
Published: July 2023

This study investigates the association between parity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) prevalence in Japanese women, considering the clinical history of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and menopausal status, which are known risk factors for T2DM. Overall, 30,116 Japanese women (6,588 premenopausal and 23,528 postmenopausal) were included in this cross-sectional study. They were divided into two groups according to menopausal status (premenopausal and postmenopausal women), and the association between parity and T2DM prevalence was evaluated using a multiple logistic regression model with possible confounders, including a clinical history of GDM. The association between parity and T2DM prevalence was not statistically significant in premenopausal women. In contrast, a linear graded association between parity and T2DM prevalence was found in postmenopausal women. Furthermore, the association between parity and T2DM prevalence in postmenopausal women was attenuated after adjusting for body weight gain after the age of 20 years. A clinical history of GDM was significantly associated with a high risk for T2DM, regardless of adjustment for body weight gain after the age of 20 years in both premenopausal and postmenopausal women. Parity is associated with an increased risk of T2DM in postmenopausal women but not in premenopausal women. Maintaining appropriate body weight would be beneficial in attenuating the risk of T2DM in postmenopausal women. A clinical history of GDM is a risk factor for T2DM in both pre- and postmenopausal women; therefore, women with a clinical history of GDM require continuous medical care to survey for T2DM.
Examination of the Theoretical Model for Flat-Plate Solar Collectors and Integration With Solar Radiation Decomposition / Transposition Models
Authors: Geovo Leonardo , Ancines Crissiane A. , Krenzinger Arno , Roberts Justo J. , Rosado Diego Jhovanny Mariños , Verma Sujit , Kumar Rahul , Mendiburu Andrés Z.
Published: July 2023

Water heating and climatization are important segments of the residential energy consumption. In this regard, solar thermal energy is a great prospect for promoting energy sustainability. An experimental and theoretical examination of the classical model to evaluate the thermal performance of flat-plate solar collector (FPSC) was conducted in this work. The experimental data were obtained between the months of March and May in Porto Alegre city, Brazil. The model was also integrated with a solar radiation model, for which, sixteen combinations of decomposition-transposition models were evaluated. The three best combinations of decomposition-transposition models were identified. The experimental data were compared with the classical model, called M1, obtaining a relative error (RE) between 1.98% and 11.48% and a mean relative error (MRE) of 6.38%. Afterwards, two correction factors were identified by the theoretical examination of the classical model. These factors were implemented to correct the determined value of the useful energy. Moreover, two new models, which incorporate the correction factors were tested, namely, models M2 and M3, respectively. These models were compared with experimental data. The results show a MRE of 4.35% and 3.38%, respectively. Therefore, model M3 showed better results than the classical model M1. A case study was carried out implementing the model M3 to study the FPSC performance in Porto Alegre, Brazil.
Addressing Help-seeking, Stigma and Risk Factors for Suicidality in Secondary Schools: Short-term and Mid-term Effects of the HEYLiFE Suicide Prevention Program in a Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Grosselli Luna , Knappe Susanne , Baumgärtel Julia , Lewitzka Ute , Hoyer Jürgen
Published: July 2023

Background: Suicidal ideation and suicide attempts pose a serious public health concern among adolescents and young adults. School-based suicide prevention programs are a key tool for addressing this problem. However, more research is necessary to assess their effectiveness, acceptability, and safety. In response, the HEYLiFE suicide prevention program was developed to enhance help-seeking, reduce stigma towards suicidal peers and diminish risk factors for suicidality. This article presents the evaluation findings of the HEYLiFE program in German secondary schools.
Methods: We conducted a randomized-controlled trial measuring short-term pre-post within-group effects in the intervention group only and mid-term effects at 6-months-follow-up in the intervention and a waitlist-control group. Schools were assigned randomly to the intervention or control group (no blinding). We recruited students ≥12 years of age in secondary schools. Primary outcomes were knowledge about suicidality, attitudes towards suicidality, stigma towards a suicidal peer, help-seeking intentions and behaviours, as well as risk factors for suicidality. The data was analysed with linear mixed models and generalized linear mixed models.
Results: N = 745 students participated (n= 353 intervention group, n = 392 control group). We observed favourable short-term effects on knowledge, attitudes towards suicidality and fear towards a suicidal peer. Unexpectedly, the program also led to an increase in desire for social distance and a decrease in prosocial emotions towards a suicidal peer. The mid-term effects of the program were exclusively favourable, resulting in enhanced attitudes towards help-seeking while protecting from a sharper rise in risk-factors for suicidality and from an increase in social distance. The program had more favourable effects on females than on males. The program was well-received by the students, and no serious adverse events were reported.
Conclusions: These findings demonstrate the effectiveness of the HEYLiFE universal suicide prevention program in addressing variables associated with suicidal ideation and suicide attempts among adolescents on the mid-term. Short-term negative effects on stigma and more negative effects on males should be addressed in the future. Future evaluation studies should examine the effects on suicidality and its effectiveness on populations at high risk.
Trial registration: The study was preregistered in the German Clinical Trials Register (registration number: DRKS00017045; registration date: 02/04/2019).
Clinical characteristics and optical coherence tomography of concomitant macular hole and rhgematogenous retinal detachment
Authors: Yang Chi-Lan , Tsui Mei-Chi , Yang Chung-May , Fu Yu-Teng , Hwang Jiunn-Feng , Lai Tso-Ting , Ho Tzyy-Chang , Yang Chang-Ho , Hsieh Yi-Ting , Chen San-Ni
Published: July 2023

Purpose: To study the clinical characteristics of macula off rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) with peripheral causative breaks and concomitant macular hole (MHRD).
Methods: This is a Bi-center study. Consecutive eyes of macula off RRD with or without macular hole (MH) were collected. Eyes in these 2 groups were compared with best corrected visual acuity in logarithm of minimal angle of resolution (logMar BCVA), presence of choroidal detachment (CD), proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) and the extent of RRD. In the group of MHRD, regression analysis was used to evaluate the correlation of clinical factors and final logMar BCVA. In addition, optical coherence tomography was performed both pre-and post- operatively if possible.
Results: There were 40 eyes in the MHRD group and 80 eyes in the control group. Eyes with MHRD had worse initial and final logMar BCVA (p<0.001), higher incidence of CD (p<0.001), PVR and extensive RRD at baseline (p<0.001). Among the eyes with MHRD, final BCVA was correlated with initial BCVA(p<0.001 , CI: 0.637 to 0.837), recurrent RRD (p=0.004, CI: -0.661 to -0.126), duration of RRD ( p=0.021, CI: -0.576 to -0.048) and presence of PVR (p=0.001, CI: -0.131 to -0.035). The hole closure rate at final follow up is 87.5%.11 of the 17 eyes had preoperative OCT obtained had ellipsoid zone lining the bottom of MH.
Conclusion: CD, PVR and extensive RRD were more commonly observed in MHRD. The morphology of MH suggests the pathogenesis of MH in MHRD include mechanism different from that of idiopathic MH.
The Hukou system-induced rural built-up land outpaces urban expansion in threatening biodiversity in China
Authors: Zhang Liqiang , Geng Hao , Qu Ying , Peng Shushi , Feng Xiao , Liu Yansui , Guo Renzhong , Zhao Wenzhi , Zeng An , Huang Ke , Li Yang , Yu Qiwei , Li Roujing , Yao Xin
Published: July 2023

Over the past three decades, China has experienced the largest volumes of urban growth worldwide accompanied by a continued increase in rural built-up areas mainly due to the Hukou system (mainland China’s household registration system, separating urban and rural residents) [1][2], with an average annual increase of 3.23% in urban and 2.73% in rural built-up areas. Since China is much rich in biodiversity and has numerous species under threat, both urban and rural built-up land expansion may exacerbate the threats. Risks to biodiversity caused by urban-rural expansion, are crucial for human development and environmental sustainability, but less well explored. Here we investigate what extent urban and rural built-up land expansion contributed to habitat losses of endangered species. We estimate that from 1990 to 2020, urban and rural built-up land expansion induced 2% and 5% of habitat losses on average for each endangered species, and threatened 70% and 82% of endangered species, respectively. Rural built-up land expansion induced more losses of habitats with higher endangered species richness compared with urban expansion. The high-threat habitat areas caused by rural built-up land expansion were 2.5 times as large as those of urban expansion, and about 82% of endangered species were mainly threatened by rural built-up land expansion. Most of them were concentrated in central and south China, one of 25 biodiversity hot spots worldwide. Abolishment of the Hukou system accompanied by more policy arrangements for sustainable development can mitigate urban-rural inequalities. In this scenario, an average of about 647 km2/year would be released from fulfilling the need of built-up area, thus remaining as habitat for biodiversity. Our findings help to provide important insights for biodiversity preservation in the countries with urbanization or rural built-up land expansion, and inform local policy makers in their assessment of prioritization of future ecological sustainability.
The influence of sagittal profile on the S2 alar-iliac (S2AI) screw trajectory in degenerative lumbar scoliosis patients: A computed tomography (CT) study
Authors: Jiang Jun , Song Yu-chen , Wang Han , Qiu Yong , Wang Bin , Yu Yang , Zhu Ze-zhang
Published: July 2023

Background
The usage of S2 alar-iliac (S2AI) screw for spino-pelvic fixation had been gaining increasing popularity in degenerative lumbar scoliosis (DLS) patients owing to its considerable advantages. However, the recommended ideal angles for S2AI screw insertion varied in the literature. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether the optimal S2AI screw trajectory was influenced by sagittal profile in DLS patients.
Methods
Computed tomography (CT) scans of pelvis were performed in 47 DLS patients for 3-dimensional reconstruction of S2AI screw trajectory. Five S2AI screw trajectory parameters were measured in CT reconstruction images, including: 1) angle in the transverse plane (Tsv angle); 2) angle in the sagittal plane (Sag angle); 3) maximal screw length; 4) screw width; and 5) skin distance. The lumbar Cobb angle, lumbar apical vertebral translation (AVT); global kyphosis (GK); thoracic kyphosis (TK); lumbar lordosis (LL); sagittal vertical axis (SVA); sacral slope (SS); pelvic tilt (PT); and pelvic incidence (PI) were measured in standing X-ray films of the whole spine and pelvis.
Results
Both Tsv angle and Sag angle had significant positive associations with SS (P < 0.05) but negative associations with both PT (P < 0.05) and LL(P < 0.05) in all cases. Patients with SS less than 15°had both smaller Tsv angle and Sag angle than those with SS equal to or more than 15°(P < 0.05).
Conclusions
The decreased LL would lead to the backward rotation of the pelvis, resulting in a more cephalic and less divergent trajectory of S2AI screw in DLS patients.
Impact of using single-file reciprocating system on the quality of root canal treatment treated by undergraduate students
Authors: Ameen Marwa , Alhadi Dunia , Almaslamani Manal , Saleh Abdul Rahman
Published: July 2023

Introduction: The aim of this study is to evaluate the influence of using a single-file reciprocating system on the technical quality of root canal filling and treatment radiographically for cases treated by undergraduate students. Materials and Methods: This is a retrospective cross-sectional clinical study for endodontically treated teeth by 4th-year undergraduate students during the academic year 2021–2022. Root canal preparation was performed using the WaveOne Gold system with a matching single-cone gutta percha. The collected data included gender, tooth position, number of canals, and timing of treatment (the first or second semester). The quality of the root canal filling was assessed based on root canal filling length, density, and taper. The presence of ledge, apical transportation, perforation, and separated instrument were recorded. Results: The total number of teeth included in the study was 601. The length of the root canal filling was adequate in 93.51% of the teeth, underfilled in 2.82%, and overfilled in 3.66%. The density and taper were adequate in 96.5% and 98.16% of the teeth, respectively. There was no significant difference among the parameters of length, taper, density, and all procedural errors in relation to the arch type. However, there was a significant difference between anterior and premolar teeth in regards to taper, density, and overall quality of root canal filling. The overall quality of root canal treatment was acceptable in 527 teeth (87.68%), with no significant difference between the teeth (P = 0.256). Conclusion: The quality of root canal treatment performed by undergraduate students has improved with the use of a single-file reciprocating system for preparation.
Electrochemical Detection of Oxytetracycline employing Sugarcane Carbon modified Graphite Electrode
Authors: Jiang Ya-Xuan , Rani Aishwarya , Nguyen Nhat-Thien , Nguyen Thi-Minh-Phuong , Chang Chang Tang
Published: July 2023

Oxytetracycline (OTC) is an antibiotic and belongs to contaminants of emerging concern seriously impacting human health, which makes necessary to develop a simple, fast, sensitive, and low-cost detection technology to detect OTC in the environment, and electrochemical sensors have these advantages. This study used CeO2-Co3O4 quantum dots@porous carbon/multi-walled carbon nanotube (CeO2-Co3O4 QDs@PC/MWCNT/GE) composites to modify graphite electrodes to fabricate high-sensitivity electrochemical sensors. The quantum dots were made from waste sugarcane-bagasse. In order to evaluate its performance, scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffractometer, Raman spectroscopy, cyclic & differential pulse voltammograms, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, and other instrumental analysis were performed. The results showed that the CeO2-Co3O4 QDs@PC/MWCNT/GE had excellent performance for OTC detection, and its linear calibration range was 1.007 × 10-8 M to 2.04 × 10-7 M (i.e., 0.005 – 0.1 ppm) and 1.007 × 10-6 M to 1.209 × 10-4 M (i.e., 0.5 – 60 ppm). The limit of detection and limit of quantification were 1.23 nM (0.61 ppb) and 4.09 nM (2.03 ppb) (S/N = 3), respectively. This method provides a new way to prepare electrochemical sensors for OTC detection.
Construction of Iron Metabolism-related Prognostic Features of Gastric Cancer Based on RNA Sequencing and TCGA Database
Authors: Liu Xihong , Ren Junyu , Zhou Ruize , Wen Zhengqi , Wen Zhengwei , Chen Zihao , He Shanshan , Zhang Hongbin
Published: July 2023

Background: Researches have manifested that the disorder of iron metabolism is participated in Gastric cancer (GC), but whether iron metabolism-relevant genes (IMRGs) is related to the survival outcome of GC and the molecular mechanism remain unknown.
Methods:Eleven tumor as well as nine adjacent normal tissues from GC patients were performed mRNA sequencing. Additionally, the mRNA data, clinicopathological data and DNA methylation data related to GC were acquired from publically digital database. Then, the relevant differentially expressed IMRGs (DE-IMRGs) were selected. Cox analyses were applied to select the signature DE-IMRGs and build a IMRGs signature. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) as well as survival curves were produced to appraise the prognostic signature. Furthermore, a nomogram was established. The infiltration profiling of immune cell of cases was estimated via single-sample GSEA (ssGSEA) algorithm. Meanwhile, the relationship between signature genes (DOHH, P4HA3 and MMP1) and 24 immune cells were investigated. Finally, the abundance of the signature genes were measured via the real-time fluorescence quantitation experiment.
Results:58 DE-IMRGs were obtained, and a IMRGs signature according to the expression and corresponding coefficient of DOHH, P4HA3 and MMP1 was constructed. The curves of survival manifested that the prognostic outcome of patients in the high-risk group was terrible. The values of area under the ROC curves (AUCs) confirmed that the IMRGs signature presented good efficiency for predicting GC prognosis. Moreover, a nomogram with the treatment type and risk-score was established and performed well. Furthermore, 11 immune cells were distinguishing in the high- and low-risk groups, and P4HA3, MMP1, and DOHH were associated with these immune cells. Finally, qRT-PCR revealed that the abundance of DOHH, P4HA3 and MMP1 were high in tumor cases.
Conclusion: In conclusion, an iron metabolism-related signature was constructed and has significant values for foretelling the OS of GC.
Coastal Aquifers as Major Players in Shaping Ocean Chemistry through Solute Fluxes
Authors: Kiro Yael
Published: July 2023

Understanding the ocean's chemical composition is essential for comprehending the carbon cycle and its impact on climate. The direct relation between the ocean's chemical composition and calcium carbonate saturation governs the potential for carbon preservation in sediments.1 While rivers and hydrothermal circulation have been recognized for their influence,2 the significance of coastal aquifers has been largely overlooked. Here we show, through an investigation of coastal aquifer groundwater flow mechanisms and chemical composition, that the long-term component of submarine groundwater discharge (SGD) is the primary contributor to major element fluxes in the ocean. It predominantly adds calcium alkalinity on behalf of sodium and potassium. Our analysis of ocean elements and isotopes budgets reveals that the fluxes associated with long-term SGD are comparable in magnitude to those of rivers. These fluxes have substantial implications for major element residence time, ultimately impacting the carbon budget and climate. Moreover, these fluxes are closely tied to changes in sea level,3 whereby decreasing sea levels amplify solute fluxes, and increasing sea levels diminish them. Consequently, these fluxes hold the potential to modulate long-term cooling and warming rates on a timescale exceeding 1000 years.