bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Simultaneous inference of a partially linear model in time series
Authors: Li Jiaqi , Chen Likai , Kim Kun Ho , Zhou Tianwei
Published: September 2024

We introduce a new methodology to conduct simultaneous inference of the non‐parametric component in partially linear time series regression models where the non‐parametric part is a multi‐variate unknown function. In particular, we construct a simultaneous confidence region (SCR) for the multi‐variate function by extending the high‐dimensional Gaussian approximation to dependent processes with continuous index sets. Our results allow for a more general dependence structure compared to previous works and are widely applicable to a variety of linear and non‐linear autoregressive processes. We demonstrate the validity of our proposed methodology by examining the finite‐sample performance in the simulation study. Finally, an application in time series, the forward premium regression, is presented, where we construct the SCR for the foreign exchange risk premium from the exchange rate and macroeconomic data.
Updated insights into the molecular pathogenesis of canine atopic dermatitis
Authors: Banovic Frane
Published: September 2024

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a common and chronic inflammatory skin disease with frequent relapses. The genomics revolution has greatly contributed and revolutionised our knowledge of human AD; understanding the molecular skin fingerprint of AD and associated pathogenic immune pathways has led to preclinical assessments of several novel treatments. Initial studies using microarray analysis to analyse transcriptome (gene expression) changes provided relevant insight on the inflammatory and structural changes occurring at the time of acute or chronic AD skin lesions, or after immunomodulating treatments with drugs ciclosporin and dupilumab, a monoclonal antibody anti‐IL4 receptor. The studies revealed that human AD is characterised by the activation of multiple cytokine pathways (predominance of T helper cell [Th]2 with some activation of Th1, Th17 and Th22) as well as dysregulated expression of barrier components in the skin. There are several reports on the expression of different single molecular targets (e.g. interleukin [IL]‐13, CCL17 and periostin) in spontaneous canine AD (cAD). However, significant studies of the transcriptome have been limited to a single microarray study analysing chronic AD skin lesions in dogs. While revealing a large number of genes differentially expressed in cAD skin, the small sample size (n = 13 dogs) and the lack of changes in key epidermal barrier and inflammatory cytokine genes in the microarrays have inhibited discussion towards specific immunological changes. This review summarises the current literature regarding the molecular mechanisms of spontaneous cAD, including the recent data regarding RNA sequencing, and compares some pathogenic aspects to the previously published data from human AD.
ОЦЕНКА ЭФФЕКТИВНОСТИ МАРКЕРОВ ДНК-ШТРИХКОДИРОВАНИЯ ФЛОРЫ СОСУДИСТЫХ РАСТЕНИЙ АКМОЛИНСКОЙ ОБЛАСТИ И КАЗАХСТАНСКОГО АЛТАЯ
Authors: Магзумова С.М. , Туржанова А.С.
Published: September 2024

В условиях усиливающихся антропогенных стрессов и глобальных изменений окружающей среды, проблема изучения, сохранения и рационального использования биоразнообразия остается актуальной. Среди важных аспектов для решения проблем сохранения биоразнообразия выделяется определение наименования, видовой и внутривидовой систематики живых организмов, которые являются основополагающими для биологических исследований. Одним из методов изучения биоразнообразия и генетической идентификации является ДНК-штрихкодирование. В последнее время этот метод рассматривается как один из наиболее полезных и объективных «инструментов» идентификации видов на основе разнообразия последовательностей маркерных генов ядерного и хлоропластного геномов.
В данном исследовании мы применили метод ДНК-баркодирование для анализа флоры сосудистых растений Акмолинской области и Казахстанского Алтая, используя маркеры matK, rbcL, ITS1 и ITS2. Значительное количество исследований отмечает высокую эффективность использования в качестве маркеров большие субъединицы RuBisCo (rbcL) в сочетании с интронной матуразой (matK), а также маркеры ядерного генома – рибосомальные внутренние транскрибируемые спейсеры ITS. Это наиболее подробно охарактеризованные и быстро эволюционизирующие гены, разрешающая способность которых достаточно высока при совместном использовании.
Объектом исследования была ДНК-коллекция следующих семейств растений: Ranunculaceae, Amaryllidaceae, Amaranthaceae, Betulaceae, Poaceae, Brassicaceae, Asteraceae, Asparagaceae, Lamiaceae, Paeoniaceae, Crassulaceae, Polygonaceae, Caryophyllaceae, Fabaceae и др. Геномную ДНК экстрагировали из живых растений и гербарных образцов с применением модифицированного кислого экстракционного CTAB с обработкой РНКазой А.
Результаты исследования включают оценку эффективности маркеров для ДНК-штрихкодирования растений по их уровню амплификации и способности различать виды. Ранжирование по этим признакам показывает, что амплификация с праймерами rbcL и ITS проходила примерно у 90-95% образцов ДНК, в то время как амплификация matK была затруднительна (56–90%). По способности к дифференицации наиболее эффективным оказалось использование ITS маркеров: во всех случаях консенсусные маркерные последовательности видов на 98–100% совпали с последовательностями NCBI. По остальным маркерам показатели идентичности были ниже у matK (45–80%) и rbcL (17–92%).
Полученные генетические данные были загружены в базу данных GenBank в открытом доступе обеспечивая широкое применение в области экологии, биоразнообразия и генетики.
Mutating a flexible region of the RSV F protein can stabilize the prefusion conformation
Authors: Liang Yu , Shao Shuai , Li Xin Yu , Zhao Zi Xin , Liu Ning , Liu Zhao Ming , Shen Fu Jie , Zhang Hao , Hou Jun Wei , Zhang Xue Feng , Jin Yu Qin , Du Li Fang , Li Xin , Zhang Jing , Su Ji Guo , Li Qi Ming
Published: September 2024

The respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) fusion (F) glycoprotein is highly immunogenic in its prefusion (pre-F) conformation. However, the protein is unstable, and its conformation must be stabilized for it to function effectively as an immunogen in vaccines. We present a mutagenesis strategy to arrest the RSV F protein in its pre-F state by blocking localized changes in protein structure that accompany large-scale conformational rearrangements. We generated a series of mutants and screened them in vitro to assess their potential for forming a stable pre-F. In animals, the immunogenicity of a representative mutant F protein, with a conformation confirmed by cryo–electron microscopy, elicited levels of neutralizing antibodies and protection against RSV-induced lung damage that were comparable to those of DS-Cav1, a pre-F used in a licensed vaccine.
A dynamic mid-crustal magma domain revealed by the 2023 to 2024 Sundhnúksgígar eruptions in Iceland
Authors: Matthews Simon W. , Caracciolo Alberto , Bali Enikő , Halldórsson Sæmundur A. , Sigmarsson Olgeir , Guðfinnsson Guðmundur H. , Pedersen Gro B. M. , Robin Jóhann Gunnarsson , Marshall Edward W. , Aden Araksan A. , Gísladóttir Bryndís Ýr , Bosq Chantal , Auclair Delphine , Merrill Heini , Levillayer Nicolas , Löw Noëmi , Rúnarsdóttir Rebekka Hlín , Johnson Sóley M. , Steinþórsson Sveinbjörn , Drouin Vincent
Published: September 2024

Mid-crustal magma domains are the source of many basaltic eruptions. Lavas from individual eruptions are often chemically homogeneous, suggesting that they derive from single, well-mixed magma reservoirs. The 2023 to 2024 eruptions at Sundhnúksgígar in the Svartsengi volcanic system in Iceland provide an opportunity to observe the behavior of a mid-crustal magma domain at high spatial and temporal resolution by detailed sampling and geochemical characterization. We observed substantial mantle-derived geochemical variability in the products erupted in the first hours of the December 2023 and January, February, and March to May 2024 eruptions, indicating that the eruptions derived from multiple magma reservoirs, which mineral-melt equilibration pressures place in the mid crust. The unusual presence of geochemical heterogeneity in the mid-crustal magma domain provides insights into how dynamic and complex mid-crustal magma domains can be.
(Don’t) take my breath away: Rare epithelial cells in our airways initiate reflexes to guard against harmful stimuli
Authors: Seeholzer Laura
Published: September 2024

Rare epithelial cells in our airways initiate reflexes to guard against harmful stimuli
When the Mediterranean dried to a salty crust, life was devastated
Authors: Pennisi Elizabeth
Published: September 2024

Tens of thousands of fossils detail the sea’s dramatic loss and eventual rebound
Colonization with resistant bacteria in hospital employees: an epidemiological surveillance and typing study
Authors: Badinski Tina , Seiffert Salome N. , Grässli Fabian , Babouee Flury Baharak , Besold Ulrike , Betschon Elsbeth , Biggel Michael , Brucher Angela , Cusini Alexia , Dörr Tamara , Egli Adrian , Goppel Stephan , Güsewell Sabine , Keller Joelle , von Kietzell Matthias , Möller J. Carsten , Nolte Oliver , Ortner Manuela , Roloff Tim , Ruetti Markus , Schlegel Matthias , Seth-Smith Helena M. B. , Stephan Roger , Stocker Reto , Vuichard-Gysin Danielle , Willi Barbara , Kuster Stefan P. , Kahlert Christian R. , Kohler Philipp ,   on behalf of the SURPRISE Study Group
Published: September 2024

The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence, molecular epidemiology, and risk factors for gut colonization with extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Enterobacterales (ESBL-E), carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales (CPE), and vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) in healthcare workers (HCWs). In September/October 2022, we performed a cross-sectional study among HCW from 14 institutions in Northeastern Switzerland. HCWs reported risk factors for antimicrobial resistance (covering the last 12–24 months) and provided rectal swabs. Swabs were screened for ESBL-E, CPE, and VRE; whole-genome sequencing (WGS) was performed to assess the genetic relatedness. Logistic regression was used to identify occupational and non-occupational risk factors. Among approximately 22,500 employees, 1,209 participated (median age 46 years, 82% female). Prevalences of ESBL-E (
n
= 65) and CPE (
n
= 1) were 5.4% [95% confidence interval (CI) 4.2–6.8] and 0.1% (95% CI 0.0–0.5), respectively; no VREs were detected. In the multivariable analysis, non-European ethnicity [adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 7.0, 95% CI 1.4–27.3], travel to high-risk countries (aOR 4.9, 95% CI 2.5–9.3), systemic antibiotics (aOR 2.1, 95% CI 1.1–3.7), antibiotic eye drops (aOR 4.7, 95% CI 1.7–11.9), and monthly sushi consumption (aOR 2.4, 95% CI 1.4–4.3) were positively associated with ESBL-E colonization, whereas alcohol consumption (aOR 0.5 per glass/week, 95% CI 0.3–0.9) was negatively associated with ESBL-E colonization. Occupational factors showed no association. Among ESBL-
Escherichia coli
, ST131 (15 of 61, 25%) and
bla
CTX-M-15
(37/61; 61%) were most common; one isolate co-harbored
bla
OXA-244
. WGS data did not show relevant clustering. Occupational exposure is not associated with ESBL-E colonization in HCW. Given the potential public health and antibiotic stewardship implications, the role of sushi consumption and antibiotic eye drops as risk factors should be further elucidated.
Complete genome sequences of
Chitinophaga
sp. strain MM2321 and
Microbacterium
sp. strain MM2322, isolated from a sand sample in Harsewinkel, Germany
Authors: Eisenhut Marion , Schulze Tim , Matten Fabian Niklas Jasper , Sengewald Annika , Böhner Patrick , Falk Daniel , Klinge Carla Valeria , Langschwager Ronja , Lohoff Stella , Meyer Niklas , Ponomarchuk Vladyslava , Pünter Friederike , Sherlock Jaclyn , Pschik Diana , Klages Levin Joe , Busche Tobias , Wobbe Lutz , Bräutigam Andrea , Laker Bianca
Published: September 2024

We cultivated bacteria contained in a sandy soil sample, isolated DNA from a single bacterial colony, and assembled from genomic reads the full genome sequence of
Chitinophaga
and
Microbacterium
strains, termed MM2321 and MM2322. Besides the genome sequences, the phylogenetic classifications of both strains are reported.
Tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase (TIMP)-1 predicts failure of recovery of ejection fraction in acute heart failure with reduced ejection fraction
Authors: Tseng Chih-Hsueh , Huang Wei-Ming , Chang Hao-Chih , Yu Wen-Chung , Cheng Hao-Min , Chiang Chern-En , Chen Chen-Huan , Sung Shih-Hsien
Published: September 2024

Background

Heart failure (HF) with improved ejection fraction (HFimpEF) is a recently identified phenotype of HF, which had better cardiovascular outcomes compared with persistent HF with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). The present study aimed to investigate the predictive value of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase (TIMP)-1 and matrix metalloproteinases-9 (MMP-9) in the recovery of left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF).

Methods

Subjects who presented with acute decompensated HF and reduced LVEF of ≤40% were eligible for this study. HFimpEF was defined by a follow-up LVEF >40% and a ≥10% improvement in LVEF. Overnight fasting N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), MMP-9 and TIMP-1 were measured within 24 hours before discharge. The study participants were followed for up to 5 years.

Results

Among a total of 91 participants (70.1±16.2 years, baseline LVEF 28.9±7.6%), 19 (20.8%) of them had HFimpEF and 72 (79.2%) had persistent HFrEF at 6 months. The receiver operating characteristic curve analyses showed the area under curve measures for TIMP-1, MMP-9 and NT-proBNP in the prediction of HFimpEF were 0.69, 0.52 and 0.65, respectively. TIMP-1 was negatively correlated with HFimpEF as continuous variables (OR per 1-SD and 95% CI 0.99 (0.98 to 1.00)) and categorical variables (cut-off value 200.68 ng/mL, OR and 95% CI 0.16 (0.05 to 0.54)) after adjustment of confounding factors. During a mean follow-up duration 34.8 months, patients with HFimpEF will have better long-term survival than those with persistent HFrEF.

Conclusions

In subjects with decompensated HFrEF, TIMP-1, but not MMP-9 was associated with the reverse remodelling in LVEF. In addition, patients with HFimpEF would have better long-term survival.
Research on Cross-Perspective Football Action Recognition Based on Transfer Learning Technology
Authors: Wang Nannan
Published: September 2024

With the growing global love for football, people’s attention to football action is no longer limited to a single perspective, but from multiple angles, all-round appreciation of football action. Therefore, the research on cross-perspective football action recognition based on discriminant transfer learning has received more and more attention. From the perspective of discriminant transfer learning, this study aims to construct a football action recognition system that can adapt to multi-view mode. First, the development history of cross-perspective action recognition is summarized, and the methods and techniques of cross-perspective recognition are deeply discussed. Then, a football action recognition system is designed based on discriminant transfer learning, which effectively optimizes the cross-perspective football action recognition technology through the application of multi-source knowledge transfer. Finally, combined with the concrete experimental application and test results, it is found that the system performs well in the practical application of cross-view football action recognition.
Application of Embedded System in the Analysis Model of Factors Affecting College Students’ Running Performance
Authors: Li Haiying , Chen Huiming
Published: September 2024

In modern educational environments, the cultivation of physical fitness and the design of embedded system software also require detailed analysis and optimization. In order to comprehensively understand and optimize this system, this paper adopts the method of embedding correlation analysis, which is similar to the in-depth exploration of the interaction between software and hardware in embedded system software design. By constructing an embedded correlation analysis model, this paper analyzes the impact of various factors on running performance, providing a scientific basis for teaching adjustments and training plans. In embedded system software design, this analysis model is also applicable as it can help us identify and optimize the interaction relationship between software and hardware, and improve the overall performance of the system. The research results show that the key factors affecting college students’ running performance include training frequency, psychological stress, and height. This discovery corresponds to the identification and optimization of key performance indicators in embedded system software design. In embedded system design, we also need to focus on and optimize the factors that have the greatest impact on system performance. The results of this study not only provide inspiration for physical education teaching in universities, but also provide a new perspective and tool for researchers in the field of embedded system software design. The effectiveness of embedded-related analysis models has been validated in both fields, demonstrating their practicality and effectiveness in analyzing complex system problems.
Assessing the Spatial-Temporal Causal Impact of COVID-19-Related Policies on Epidemic Spread
Authors: Zhang Zhiwen , Wang Hongjun , Fan Zipei , Song Xuan , Shibasaki Ryosuke
Published: September 2024

Analyzing the causal impact of various government-related policies on the epidemic spread is of critical importance. This article aims to investigate the problem of assessing the causal effects of different COVID-19-related policies on the USA epidemic spread in different counties at any given time period, while eliminating biased interference from unobserved confounders (e.g., the vigilance of residents). However, the infection outcome of each region is influenced not only by its own confounding factors but also by policy interventions implemented in neighboring regions. Furthermore, the government policy index may exhibit a time-delay influence on outbreak dynamics. To this end, we implement observational data about different COVID-19-related policies (treatment) and outbreak dynamics (outcome) across different U.S. counties over time and develop a causal framework that learns the representations of time-varying confounders to tackle the aforementioned issues. More specifically, we employ one recurrent structure to capture the accumulative effects stemming from the policy history and then utilize hypergraph neural network to model the interactions among spatial regions. Our experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed framework in quantifying the causal impact of different policy types on epidemics. Compared with baseline methods, our assessment provides valuable insights for future policy-making endeavors.
Motor control of the palatoglossus and genioglossus during changes in breathing route
Authors: Jordan Amy S. , Woods Michael J. , Cori Jennifer M. , Chan Julia K. M. , Nicholas Christian L. , Semmler John , Trinder John
Published: September 2024

The firing patterns of motor units in the palatoglossus have until now not been investigated, and how they and motor units in the genioglossus change with breathing route alteration was not known. This study has shown that the palatoglossus contains motor units with all the firing patterns observed in the genioglossus but in different proportions. Furthermore, breathing route changes alter units with different firing patterns differentially in the two muscles.
TCTN1 Induces Fatty Acid Oxidation to Promote Melanoma Metastasis
Authors: Li Yinlam , Ming Ren , Zhang Tianyi , Gao Zixu , Wang Lu , Yang Yang , Shen Kangjie , Wei Chenlu , Zhu Yu , Li Jianrui , Zheng Shaoluan , Luo Zucheng , Ding Yiteng , Xuan Jiangying , Hu Qianrong , Yang Yanwen , Gu Jianying , Wei Chuanyuan
Published: September 2024

Metabolic reprogramming promotes and sustains multiple steps of melanoma metastasis. Identification of key regulators of metabolic reprogramming could lead to the development of treatments for preventing and treating metastatic melanoma. In this study, we identified that tectonic family member 1 (TCTN1) promotes melanoma metastasis by increasing fatty acid oxidation (FAO). In clinical melanoma samples, high expression of TCTN1 correlated with increased metastasis and shorter patient survival. Functionally, TCTN1 promoted melanoma invasion and migration in vitro and distant metastasis in vivo and induced a mesenchymal-like phenotype switch. Mechanistically, TCTN1 acted as a protein scaffold to promote the binding of HADHA and HADHB, subunits of the mitochondrial trifunctional protein complex, thus leading to FAO activation. TCTN1-mediated FAO activated the p38/MAPK signaling pathway in melanoma cells, promoting tumor epithelial–mesenchymal transition and stemness. Molecular docking indicated that the prostaglandin F receptor agonist fluprostenol can block HADHA/HADHB binding, which was confirmed experimentally. Treatment with fluprostenol was able to inhibit TCTN1-induced melanoma invasion and metastasis. Taken together, these findings elucidate the mechanism of TCTN1-mediated promotion of melanoma metastasis and support the potential application of fluprostenol for targeted therapy of metastatic melanoma.

Significance: TCTN1 activates fatty acid oxidation to induce melanoma mesenchymal phenotype switching and invasion by promoting the binding of the subunits of MTP, which can be targeted with fluprostenol to inhibit melanoma metastasis.
Supplementary Table 1 from MYC is Sufficient to Generate Mid-Life High-Grade Serous Ovarian and Uterine Serous Carcinomas in a p53-R270H Mouse Model
Authors: Blackman Alexandra , Rees Amy C. , Bowers Robert R. , Jones Christian M. , Vaena Silvia G. , Clark Madison A. , Carter Shelby , Villamor Evan D. , Evans Della , Emanuel Anthony J. , Fullbright George , O’Malley Matthew S. , Carpenter Richard L. , Long David T. , Spruill Laura S. , Romeo Martin J. , Orr Brian C. , Helke Kristi L. , Delaney Joe R.
Published: September 2024

Semi-quantitative estimates of immunohistochemical staining in healthy mice
Supplementary Table 2 from Claudin-4 Modulates Autophagy via SLC1A5/LAT1 as a Mechanism to Regulate Micronuclei
Authors: Villagomez Fabian R. , Lang Julie , Rosario Fredrick J. , Nunez-Avellaneda Daniel , Webb Patricia , Neville Margaret , Woodruff Elizabeth R. , Bitler Benjamin G.
Published: September 2024

Metabolomics OVCA429 and OVCAR3
Supplementary Figure 4 from MYC is Sufficient to Generate Mid-Life High-Grade Serous Ovarian and Uterine Serous Carcinomas in a p53-R270H Mouse Model
Authors: Blackman Alexandra , Rees Amy C. , Bowers Robert R. , Jones Christian M. , Vaena Silvia G. , Clark Madison A. , Carter Shelby , Villamor Evan D. , Evans Della , Emanuel Anthony J. , Fullbright George , O’Malley Matthew S. , Carpenter Richard L. , Long David T. , Spruill Laura S. , Romeo Martin J. , Orr Brian C. , Helke Kristi L. , Delaney Joe R.
Published: September 2024

H&E staining corresponding to immunohistochemical figures
Supplementary Figure 3 from MYC is Sufficient to Generate Mid-Life High-Grade Serous Ovarian and Uterine Serous Carcinomas in a p53-R270H Mouse Model
Authors: Blackman Alexandra , Rees Amy C. , Bowers Robert R. , Jones Christian M. , Vaena Silvia G. , Clark Madison A. , Carter Shelby , Villamor Evan D. , Evans Della , Emanuel Anthony J. , Fullbright George , O’Malley Matthew S. , Carpenter Richard L. , Long David T. , Spruill Laura S. , Romeo Martin J. , Orr Brian C. , Helke Kristi L. , Delaney Joe R.
Published: September 2024

PAX8 staining corresponding to other immunohistochemical figures
Figure 5 from MYC is Sufficient to Generate Mid-Life High-Grade Serous Ovarian and Uterine Serous Carcinomas in a p53-R270H Mouse Model
Authors: Blackman Alexandra , Rees Amy C. , Bowers Robert R. , Jones Christian M. , Vaena Silvia G. , Clark Madison A. , Carter Shelby , Villamor Evan D. , Evans Della , Emanuel Anthony J. , Fullbright George , O’Malley Matthew S. , Carpenter Richard L. , Long David T. , Spruill Laura S. , Romeo Martin J. , Orr Brian C. , Helke Kristi L. , Delaney Joe R.
Published: September 2024

Uterine luminal epithelium staining of p53 and MYC. A, A WT mouse at 12 months of age showing negative p53 and MYC staining in the uterine epithelium and positive staining in adjacent tissues. B, Example of a 12 months old OvTrpMyc mouse with cytoplasmic p53 and whole-cell MYC staining along the ULE. C, A large retroperitoneal tumor, behind the kidney, stained for p53, MYC, and PAX8. D, An example of ULE expression in an OvTrpMyc mouse F129, with evidence of similar whole-cell staining of p53 and MYC on the (E) OSE and (F) ovarian fat pad metastasis. Mouse F129 was 11 months of age. G, Proposed model for observed dissemination of cells from the FTE to the ULE as an origin of uterine serous carcinoma. USC, uterine serous carcinoma.
Movie 4 from Claudin-4 Modulates Autophagy via SLC1A5/LAT1 as a Mechanism to Regulate Micronuclei
Authors: Villagomez Fabian R. , Lang Julie , Rosario Fredrick J. , Nunez-Avellaneda Daniel , Webb Patricia , Neville Margaret , Woodruff Elizabeth R. , Bitler Benjamin G.
Published: September 2024

Movie 4 - Merge
Movie 3 from Claudin-4 Modulates Autophagy via SLC1A5/LAT1 as a Mechanism to Regulate Micronuclei
Authors: Villagomez Fabian R. , Lang Julie , Rosario Fredrick J. , Nunez-Avellaneda Daniel , Webb Patricia , Neville Margaret , Woodruff Elizabeth R. , Bitler Benjamin G.
Published: September 2024

Movie 3 - mCherry
Movie 1 from Claudin-4 Modulates Autophagy via SLC1A5/LAT1 as a Mechanism to Regulate Micronuclei
Authors: Villagomez Fabian R. , Lang Julie , Rosario Fredrick J. , Nunez-Avellaneda Daniel , Webb Patricia , Neville Margaret , Woodruff Elizabeth R. , Bitler Benjamin G.
Published: September 2024

Movie 1 - Hoechst
Figure 1 from MYC is Sufficient to Generate Mid-Life High-Grade Serous Ovarian and Uterine Serous Carcinomas in a p53-R270H Mouse Model
Authors: Blackman Alexandra , Rees Amy C. , Bowers Robert R. , Jones Christian M. , Vaena Silvia G. , Clark Madison A. , Carter Shelby , Villamor Evan D. , Evans Della , Emanuel Anthony J. , Fullbright George , O’Malley Matthew S. , Carpenter Richard L. , Long David T. , Spruill Laura S. , Romeo Martin J. , Orr Brian C. , Helke Kristi L. , Delaney Joe R.
Published: September 2024

Rationale and design of the transgenic Ovgp1-Trp53-R270H-Myc mouse model. A, Comparison of currently available HGSOC mouse models genetics to genetic alterations in human HGSOC and serous endometrial cancers. −/− refers to homozygous deletion (blue, tumor suppressors), whereas Amp refers to copy-number amplification of at least two extra copies (red, oncogenes). B, Average copy-number state using TCGA HGSOC data at the gene level. Genes are plotted by ranking, with MYC and TP53 highlighted. C, Design of the transgenic OvTrpMyc mouse model. The endogenous Trp53 allele was targeted using a spCas9 and homology donor repair template strategy in the C57BL/6Tc background. Transgene genotyped pups were backcrossed with C57BL/6J mice and heterozygous mice used in all studies. The Ovgp1-driven transgene includes a dominant-negative murine p53-R270H mutant sequence and a murine c-Myc sequence separated by a P2A self-cleaving peptide. D, Comparison of CNAs across the genome for TCGA studied HGSOC and UCEC patient tumors. Red indicates copy-number gain, whereas blue indicates copy-number loss. TCGA, The Cancer Genome Atlas.
Supplementary Figure 6 from Epigenetic Induction of Cancer-Testis Antigens and Endogenous Retroviruses at Single-Cell Level Enhances Immune Recognition and Response in Glioma
Authors: Lai Thomas J. , Sun Lu , Li Kevin , Prins Terry J. , Treger Janet , Li Tie , Sun Matthew Z. , Nathanson David A. , Liau Linda M. , Lai Albert , Prins Robert M. , Everson Richard G.
Published: September 2024

Fig S6 A-F
Supplementary Figure 5 from Epigenetic Induction of Cancer-Testis Antigens and Endogenous Retroviruses at Single-Cell Level Enhances Immune Recognition and Response in Glioma
Authors: Lai Thomas J. , Sun Lu , Li Kevin , Prins Terry J. , Treger Janet , Li Tie , Sun Matthew Z. , Nathanson David A. , Liau Linda M. , Lai Albert , Prins Robert M. , Everson Richard G.
Published: September 2024

Fig S5 A-F
Supplementary Figure 3 from Epigenetic Induction of Cancer-Testis Antigens and Endogenous Retroviruses at Single-Cell Level Enhances Immune Recognition and Response in Glioma
Authors: Lai Thomas J. , Sun Lu , Li Kevin , Prins Terry J. , Treger Janet , Li Tie , Sun Matthew Z. , Nathanson David A. , Liau Linda M. , Lai Albert , Prins Robert M. , Everson Richard G.
Published: September 2024

Fig S3 A-C
Supplementary Figure 2 from Epigenetic Induction of Cancer-Testis Antigens and Endogenous Retroviruses at Single-Cell Level Enhances Immune Recognition and Response in Glioma
Authors: Lai Thomas J. , Sun Lu , Li Kevin , Prins Terry J. , Treger Janet , Li Tie , Sun Matthew Z. , Nathanson David A. , Liau Linda M. , Lai Albert , Prins Robert M. , Everson Richard G.
Published: September 2024

Fig S2 A-C
Supplementary Data 1 from Epigenetic Induction of Cancer-Testis Antigens and Endogenous Retroviruses at Single-Cell Level Enhances Immune Recognition and Response in Glioma
Authors: Lai Thomas J. , Sun Lu , Li Kevin , Prins Terry J. , Treger Janet , Li Tie , Sun Matthew Z. , Nathanson David A. , Liau Linda M. , Lai Albert , Prins Robert M. , Everson Richard G.
Published: September 2024

Isoplexis fluorescence values per cytokine per cell
Data from Epigenetic Induction of Cancer-Testis Antigens and Endogenous Retroviruses at Single-Cell Level Enhances Immune Recognition and Response in Glioma
Authors: Lai Thomas J. , Sun Lu , Li Kevin , Prins Terry J. , Treger Janet , Li Tie , Sun Matthew Z. , Nathanson David A. , Liau Linda M. , Lai Albert , Prins Robert M. , Everson Richard G.
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common malignant primary brain tumor and remains incurable. Previous work has shown that systemic administration of Decitabine (DAC) induces sufficient expression of cancer-testis antigens (CTA) in GBM for targeting by adoptive T-cell therapy in vivo. However, the mechanisms by which DAC enhances immunogenicity in GBM remain to be elucidated. Using New York esophageal squamous cell carcinoma 1 (NY-ESO-1) as a representative inducible CTA, we demonstrate in patient tissue, immortalized glioma cells, and primary patient-derived gliomaspheres that basal CTA expression is restricted by promoter hypermethylation in gliomas. DAC treatment of glioma cells specifically inhibits DNA methylation silencing to render NY-ESO-1 and other CTA into inducible tumor antigens at single-cell resolution. Functionally, NY-ESO-1 T-cell receptor–engineered effector cell targeting of DAC-induced antigen in primary glioma cells promotes specific and polyfunctional T-cell cytokine profiles. In addition to induction of CTA, DAC concomitantly reactivates tumor-intrinsic human endogenous retroviruses, interferon response signatures, and MHC-I. Overall, we demonstrate that DAC induces targetable tumor antigen and enhances T-cell functionality against GBM, ultimately contributing to the improvement of targeted immune therapies in glioma.
Significance:
This study dissects the tumor-intrinsic epigenetic and transcriptional mechanisms underlying enhanced T-cell functionality targeting decitabine-induced cancer-testis antigens in glioma. Our findings demonstrate concomitant induction of tumor antigens, reactivation of human endogenous retroviruses, and stimulation of interferon signaling as a mechanistic rationale to epigenetically prime human gliomas to immunotherapeutic targeting.
Identification of a Triangular Random Coefficient Model using a Correction Function
Authors: Carlson Alyssa
Published: September 2024

Previously, identification of triangular random coefficient models required a restriction on the dimension of the first stage heterogeneity or independence assumptions across the different sources of the heterogeneity. This note proposes a new identification strategy that does not rely on either of these restrictions but rather assumes conditional means have a conditional linear projection representation in order to construct “correction functions” to address endogeneity and gain identification of the average partial effect. This identification strategy allows for both continuous and discrete instruments. Finally, the proposed identification method is illustrated in estimating the returns to education.
Do Firms Value Court Enforceability of Noncompete Agreements? A Revealed Preference Approach
Authors: Hiraiwa Takuya , Lipsitz Michael , Starr Evan
Published: September 2024

Do firms value court enforceability of their workers' noncompete agreements (NCAs)? We leverage a 2020 Washington law that made NCAs unenforceable for workers earning less than $100k per year. If firms value the ability to enforce NCAs in court, then they should give just-below threshold workers raises to reach the threshold, resulting in excess mass just above the threshold. Using administrative data, we find no evidence of bunching, even where efficiency arguments are most plausible. A survey of Washington employment attorneys suggests little bunching because firms rarely need to enforce NCAs and because firms can use other, less restrictive alternatives.
The Divine Fish in the Unraveling Net: Riparian Futures and Ontological Collapse on the Mekong
Authors: Johnson Andrew Alan
Published: September 2024

On the Mekong, where hydropower and hybrid species have altered the river’s ecology, new sources of potential arise. As the yearly rise and fall of the river is punctuated by sporadic floods and ebbs depending on hydropower generation needs, fish and other species find their spawning and feeding cycles dramatically altered. In turn, they are replaced with new, hybrid species. In the social and religious realms, this material change gives rise to new spirits, and new networks of human and nonhuman forces. While many from the region turn to cash crops or migrant labor, others seek to make new connections by fishing this changed landscape. Through making kin with the new, monstrous river and its new denizens, through tying a new social net as old fishing nets fail, fishermen on the river reach toward new ways of belonging in altered social, ecological, and ontological worlds.
Youth Experiences With a Therapy Dog: Insights From a Therapeutic Mentoring Program
Authors: Stutey Diane M. , Rogalla Kylie , Jaime Michelle , Stark Cortny , Burr Becca , Wehrman Joseph , Denzler Nicole , Tapia Jose Luis
Published: September 2024

Dogs serve as companions with youth in a variety of therapeutic ways that help to increase positive mental health and wellness. In this study, a therapy dog, registered with the Alliance of Therapy Dogs (ATD), was introduced into a 12-week therapeutic youth mentoring program. Eleven youth, ages 11–15, had the opportunity to meet weekly with the therapy dog and completed the short-form State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) at the end of each visit. Observational data during weekly visits were collected and at the end of the 12 weeks, all youth participated in semi-structured individual interviews. Phenomenology was utilized to analyze data and a total of four themes emerged: Emotional Regulation, Connection and Support, Empathy and Vulnerability, and Presence. Results of this study suggested youth mentoring programs may benefit from partnering or integrating therapy dog services into pre-existing structures to help further support youth mental health.
Competing Models of Political Debate: Popular Representation in the Late Nineteenth-Century Meeting Hall
Authors: Petterson Anne
Published: September 2024

The high profile elections, parties, and petitions have acquired has placed public meetings at the lower end of the historians’ research agenda. The study of political meetings, however, offers an important addition to the diverse institutional landscape of the history of democracy. In the nineteenth century, meetings were regarded as an opportunity for political representation and a place where citizens and representatives of the people met. The meeting hall was a place where two political repertoires competed: Was the popular assembly a continuation of the political conventions of the streets, or should parliamentary rules of debate lead the way? This contribution demonstrates how the commitment to a fair and regulated debate was not only the effect of a top-down disciplinary strategy but was also actively demanded by participants in the meeting themselves. A case study of a public meeting on compulsory education in Amsterdam in 1889 makes clear how questions of access, regulation, and representation were continuously negotiated. As such, this contribution offers insight into nineteenth-century political representation and the participation of ordinary citizens in the political arena.
Heat Energy Impacts on Hybrid (Copper–Titanium/Water) Nanofluid Flow Over a Porous Elongated Sheet
Authors: Venkateswarlu B. , Satya Narayana P. V. , Chamkha Ali J.
Published: September 2024

This research delves into the MHD thermally radiative heat transfer of a blend of nanofluid flowing from a stretching surface, applicable to various fields such as biomedical technology, solar power systems, medical therapies, and photoelectric devices. A groundbreaking element of this
exploration is the integration of temperature-sensitive viscosity in the momentum equation, along with accounting for heat source and thermal radiation in the energy equation. The basic equations governing the flow are converted into ODEs using suitable similarity parameters and then computationally
solved using the R-K-F method along with shooting technique. Significant findings regarding different parameters affecting flow characteristics (i.e., f′(η), θ(η), Cf, Nu) are depicted qualitatively through graphical representations. The speed
and temperature of the hybrid nanofluid (Cu–TiO2/H2O) are observed to exceed those of the single-component nanofluid (TiO2/H2O) as heat generation and convection factor values increase. Moreover, the Nusselt number declines as radiation levels
rise. The study infers that the heat transfer efficiency of the hybrid nanofluid surpasses that of the single component nanofluid and hence the viscous fluid. Additionally, the outcomes closely correspond with the behavior of a viscous fluid under specific conditions.
Effect of Wall Conductivity on Mixed Convection Magnetohydrodynamic Nanofluid Flow with Thermal Non-Equilibrium Approach in Vertical Channel
Authors: Renu Km. , Kumar Ashok
Published: September 2024

This present work reports the fully developed hydromagnetic mixed-convection nanofluid flow in a vertical channel teeming by porous media with variable thermal and electrical wall conductivities and thermal non-equilibrium condition is taken into account. The fluid is assumed electrically
conducted and taking as a mixture of base fluid (water) and three different metallic nanoparticles copper, alumina and titanium dioxide. The non-Darcy-Brinkman-Forchheimer extended model has been contemplated and solved governed differential equation by analytically as well as by numerically.
Special attention is given to understand the effect of solid volume friction of the nanofluid (ψ) and wall thermal conductivity (τ) parameters for both buoyancy assisted as well as opposed cases when the interval of inter-phase heat transfer coefficient H is taken
from [1, 500]. It is observed that the point of inflection and flow separation are appeared in the velocity profile for both cases and disappeared slowly from the profile as both parameters ψ and τ increases and it stabilize the system. There exists a minimum value H0
of H for both case when τ ≤ 0.5 the heat transfer rate Nunf of the fluid increases at the wall. Further, for τ > 0.5 Nunf suddenly decreases and converge asymptotically in the case of buoyancy assisted flow. It is also
observed that there exist two type interval of H in the buoyancy opposed for different value of τ. In first interval [0, H0], when τ ≤ 0.5 profile is same as in buoyancy assisted case but as soon as τ increases heat transfer rate
first decreases upto a threshold value of H and after that in increases rapidly. Over all for both the cases system become stable and non thermal equilibrium condition convert into thermal equilibrium when H, τ and Φ increases.
Analyzing the Effect of Coriolis Force on MHD Boundary Layer Flow Over a Cylindrical-Shaped Geometry with Chemical Reaction and Heat Generation: A Statistical and Numerical Approach
Authors: Hani Umme , Ali Mohammad
Published: September 2024

The consequence of Coriolis force on natural convection boundary layer nanofluid flow over a cylindrical-shaped geometry has been investigated in the presence of the magnetic field, chemical reaction, and heat generation. In this study, the focal aim is to examine how the Coriolis force,
curvature parameter, Brownian motion parameter, stretching parameter, thermophoresis parameter, and velocity slip parameter affect the velocity, heat, and concentration profiles. To convert the set of partial differential equations (PDEs) into a set of ordinary differential equations (ODEs),
the similarity transformation is employed. The transmuted systems of equations are then solved numerically by the shooting technique, and the outcomes acquired from the impacts of the concerned parameters are presented graphically. In the analysis, it is found that the Biot number, curvature
parameter, rotation parameter, magnetic parameter, and thermophoresis parameter highly influence the skin friction, Nusselt number, and Sherwood number. The present study has numerous engineering applications, for instance, the petroleum industry, MHD power generators, geothermal energy extraction,
boundary layer management in aerodynamics, polymer sheet, hot rolling, the cooling of an endless metallic plate, the manufacture of glass fiber, and many more, can be quite beneficial from the flow of MHD and heat transfer viewpoint.
Retail Loans for Residential Solar in India: An Alternative Financial Product
Authors: Jena Labanya Prakash , Singh Vaibhav Pratap
Published: September 2024

The Government of India (GoI) had a target to add a cumulative rooftop solar capacity of 40 GW by 2022 as part of the country’s Intended Nationally Determined Contributions (INDC). However, installations only made up about 30% of the target, even after the intended timeline. Within the rooftop solar sector, the household segment holds promise. However, it cannot realize its potential due to economic, regulatory, and structural reasons, including a lack of access to debt financing for households, which hinders progress. Existing solar debt financing products face challenges such as having limited financial performance records and requiring excessive collateral. Addressing these barriers is crucial for the residential rooftop sector’s growth. The proposed resolution involves a retail loan product that employs the subsidy allocated to the residential sector to guarantee the solar system loan. This loan product will address access to finance issues in the residential rooftop solar sector using the capital expenditure (CAPEX) model. Banks and Financial Institutions (FIs) will be more comfortable lending to household consumers as there is a guarantee (30% of asset value). Since the subsidy is given back to the customer after the full loan payment, the customers have a greater incentive to repay the loan. Besides, this solution will also help address the lengthy subsidy disbursal issue. The loan product presents a pioneering approach to tackling the financing obstacles in the residential rooftop solar market. It not only aims to offer crucial debt financing but also showcases the commercial feasibility of the residential rooftop sector. By aligning the financial solution with the customers’ requirements through favorable credit terms, this financing option encourages residential customers to transition to rooftop solar systems.
Introduction to the Supplement ‘Coming together to fight cancer: a series of policy briefs taking stock of the implementation of Europe’s Beating Cancer Plan in Belgium’
Authors: Delnord Marie , Schittecatte Gabrielle , Ghattas Jinane , Van Den Bulcke Marc
Published: September 2024

Cancer is one of the main public health challenges globally. In Europe, it is also the second leading cause of mortality and incidence is likely to increase from nearly 4 million cases per year in 2020 to over 5 million new cases per year by 2040. Recognizing the urgency of tackling the entire disease pathway and supporting European Union (EU) Member States (MS), the European Commission (EC) launched two major initiatives: Europe's Beating Cancer Plan (EBCP) and the Mission on Cancer (MoC). Belgium is one of the few EU MS that has set up a dedicated structure, known as the Belgian EBCP Mirror Group (MG), to support the implementation of the EU strategy against cancer. The MG is a large national stakeholder platform coordinated by the Cancer Centre at Sciensano (Belgian Institute of Health). This Supplement between includes eight policy briefs developed by the MG on the most pressing needs to address in the Belgian cancer field. The policy briefs take into account relevant interventions at national level as well as Belgium's participation in European projects as of 2021-2023.
Simultaneous low-frequency vibration isolation and energy harvesting via attachable metamaterials
Authors: Hyun Jaeyub , Jung Jaesoon , Park Jeongwon , Choi Wonjae , Kim Miso
Published: September 2024

In this study, we achieved energy localization and amplification of flexural vibrations by utilizing the defect mode of plate-attachable locally resonant metamaterials, thereby realizing compact and low-frequency vibration energy suppression and energy harvesting with enhanced output performance. We designed a cantilever-based metamaterial unit cell to induce local resonance inside a periodic supercell structure and form a bandgap within the targeted low-frequency range of 300–450 Hz. Subsequently, a defect area was created by removing some unit cells to break the periodicity inside the metamaterial, which led to the isolation and localization of the vibration energy. This localized vibration energy was simultaneously converted into electrical energy by a piezoelectric energy harvester coupled with a metamaterial inside the defect area. Consequently, a substantially enhanced energy harvesting output power was achieved at 360 Hz, which was 43-times higher than that of a bare plate without metamaterials. The proposed local resonant metamaterial offers a useful and multifunctional platform with the capability of vibration energy isolation and harvesting, while exhibiting easy handling via attachable designs that can be tailored in the low-frequency regime.
The digital age in retinal practice
Authors: Anguita Rodrigo , Ferro Desideri Lorenzo , Loewenstein Anat , Zinkernagel Martin
Published: September 2024

This editorial examines the transformative impact of the digital revolution on retinal practice, highlighting how technological advances are transforming patient care and pushing the boundaries of ophthalmology. It explores key areas of progress, including personalised medicine through big data, artificial intelligence and advanced imaging techniques; the role of telemedicine and home OCT in improving access and monitoring; advances in robotic surgery and 3D printing for vitreoretinal procedures; and the potential of large language models in patient education and communication. While highlighting the immense potential of these innovations, the editorial also addresses ethical considerations related to privacy and algorithmic bias. It emphasises the importance of multidisciplinary collaboration and maintaining a patient-centred approach in the digital age.