bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Application of accounting for the assessment of war losses for agribusiness enterprises of Ukraine
Authors: Zhuk Valerii , Pugachov Mykola , Shpykuliak Oleksandr , Bezdushna Yuliya , Popko Yevheniya
Published: October 2023

Purpose. The military aggression of the russian federation against Ukraine led to the disruption of logistics processes and the destruction of the production capacity of the agribusiness. This study aims to describe an accounting toolkit to determine and evaluate the direct losses of agricultural enterprises due to the war.

Methodology / approach. This study is based on the use of Ukrainian regulatory documents. The authors of this study applied synthesis methods when summarizing information on estimates of war damage. They used analytical methods in monitoring the world and national experience of such assessment. The cost method was used during the approbation. It provided for the use of the estimate program “Building technologies: Estimate 8”. Determining the volumes of repair and construction works was carried out in accordance with the State Construction Standards and Resource Elemental Estimate Standards of Ukraine. In addition, modelling, analogy and comparison methods were also used.

Results. In this study, the authors proposed a simple algorithm of actions, which allows for detecting direct damage by enterprises in a short time. The algorithm is based on the use of five accounting methods: (1) Inventory method, (2) Documentation method, (3) Evaluation method, (4) Accounts and balance method, (5) Reporting method. The specifics of the application of each method are described in detail, taking into account the requirements of accounting legislation for the recognition and assessment, and inventory of assets of agribusiness enterprises. Experimental calculations (using the example of damage to real estate as a result of hostilities) allowed us to conclude that the damage calculated by the individual (object-by-object) approach (USD 63.88 billion) is 30 % higher than the quick estimate of the World Bank (USD 50.4 billion) and 20 % higher than expert estimates made in Ukraine (USD 50.4 billion).

Originality / scientific novelty. According to the research results, a methodical algorithm to estimate direct war losses for Ukrainian agribusiness enterprises based on accounting methods has been proposed. Using accounting tools to evaluate the direct losses is essential for the following reason. Let’s suppose that the accounting system does not confirm the data on direct losses. In this case, misunderstandings may arise between the participants of socio-economic relations, who operate with general (forecasted) figures. At the same time, verified accounting data on direct losses can be evidence in court and are the basis for receiving compensation or financial assistance.

Practical value / implications. The practical significance of the proposed methodical algorithm lies in the ability to systematically recognize and assess direct losses of agribusiness enterprises, taking into account the specifics of their assets, based on the accountant's professional judgment, without the involvement of outside experts.
Russia-Ukraine War Disclosures by Energy-Related European Sectors
Authors: ALBUQUERQUE Fábio , DOS SANTOS Paula GOMES
Published: October 2023

A military conflict was restarted in March 2022 when Russia invaded Ukraine. Energy-related European entities could be adversely affected by this event due to Europe's dependence on Russian energy imports. This exploratory paper evaluates the disclosures made by listed European entities in the energy sector regarding Russian aggression in Ukraine in 2022, taking into account that the impacts of this event must be reported under the International Accounting Standard (IAS) 10.
KRİPTO PARALARIN MUHASEBELEŞTİRİLMESİNE İLİŞKİN YAKLAŞIMLAR, TARTIŞMALAR VE ÖNERİLER
Authors: BULUT Nurcan , KARAASLAN İbrahim
Published: October 2023

Geçmişten günümüze her ekonomide paranın hesap birimi, değişim aracı ve değer saklama aracı olarak üç temel işlevi vardır. Tarihte paranın kullanılmadığı dönemlerde günlük hayatta takas ekonomilerinin varlığı görülmekteyken, daha sonrasında para olarak çeşitli malzemeler kullanılmış, ödeme sistemleri ve araçları her zaman çeşitlenmeye ve gelişmeye devam etmiştir. Dünyada uygulanan ekonomi ve maliye politikalarının sonucunda 2008 yılında yaşanan küresel krizle birlikte ülkelerde finansal kurumlara ve merkezi yönetimlere olan güven azalmıştır. Güvendeki bu azalma etkisini ulusal para birimlerinde de göstererek bireylerin ve kurumların dijital para birimlerine olan ilginin artmasına sebep olmuştur. Bu çalışmada kripto paraların nasıl muhasebeleştirilmesi gerektiğine ilişkin önerilerde bulunulmuştur.
A ASSISTÊNCIA DE ENFERMAGEM FRENTE AOS IMPACTOS NA SAÚDE DA MULHER COM DIAGNÓSTICO DE ENDOMETRIOSE
Authors: Cruz Lara Sousa , Apolinário Fabíola Vargas
Published: October 2023

A endometriose é uma condição na qual o tecido que normalmente reveste o útero começa a crescer fora dele, geralmente nos ovários, trompas, superfície externa do útero ou em outros órgãos pélvicos, essa condição pode causar uma série de sintomas e impactos na saúde da mulher. Tendo como principal objetivo descrever as experiências das mulheres e o cuidado holístico da enfermagem frente aos impactos causados na saúde das portadoras de endometriose. A metodologia consiste em uma revisão de literatura integrativa, as buscas foram realizadas nas bases de dados eletrônicas on-line, Google Acadêmico e The Scientific Electronic Library Online (Scielo). A endometriose pode ter vários impactos na saúde física e emocional da mulher, os sintomas da endometriose podem variar de mulher para mulher, e nem todas as mulheres experimentarão todos os sintomas ou complicações. A assistência de enfermagem, é essencial para o diagnóstico precoce, o manejo adequado dos sintomas e o suporte necessário para melhorar a qualidade de vida das mulheres com endometriose. Podemos concluir que um dos maiores desafios na melhoria da saúde das pacientes é a busca pelo cuidado contínuo, a falta de informação e conhecimento acerca da doença e a enfermagem desempenha papel fundamental no diagnóstico, tratamento e qualidade de vida para as portadoras de endometriose utilizando da educação de saúde (tecnologias leves) para disseminar conhecimento proporcionando uma gama maior de estratégias para o enfretamento da doença.
A roadmap to estimating agricultural ammonia volatilization over Europe using satellite observations and simulation data
Authors: Abeed Rimal , Viatte Camille , Porter William C. , Evangeliou Nikolaos , Clerbaux Cathy , Clarisse Lieven , Van Damme Martin , Coheur Pierre-François , Safieddine Sarah
Published: October 2023

Abstract. Ammonia (NH3) is one of the most important gases emitted from agricultural practices. It affects air quality and the overall climate and is in turn influenced by long-term climate trends as well as by short-term fluctuations in local and regional meteorology. Previous studies have established the capability of the Infrared Atmospheric Sounding Interferometer (IASI) series of instruments, aboard the Metop satellites, to measure ammonia from space since 2007. In this study, we explore the interactions between atmospheric ammonia, land and meteorological variability, and long-term climate trends in Europe. We investigate the emission potential (Γsoil) of ammonia from the soil, which describes the soil–atmosphere ammonia exchange. Γsoil is generally calculated in-field or in laboratory experiments; here, and for the first time, we investigate a method which assesses it remotely using satellite data, reanalysis data products, and model simulations. We focus on ammonia emission potential in March 2011, which marks the start of growing season in Europe. Our results show that
Γsoil ranges from 2 × 103 to 9.5 × 104 (dimensionless) in fertilized cropland, such as in the North
European Plain, and is of the order of 10–102 in a non-fertilized soil (e.g., forest and grassland). These results agree with in-field
measurements from the literature, suggesting that our method can be used in other seasons and regions in the world. However, some improvements are
needed in the determination of mass transfer coefficient k (m s−1), which is a crucial parameter to derive Γsoil. Using a climate model, we estimate the expected increase in ammonia columns by the end of the century based on the increase in skin temperature (Tskin), under two different climate scenarios. Ammonia columns are projected to increase by up
to 50 %, particularly in eastern Europe, under the SSP2-4.5 scenario and might even double (increase of 100 %) under the SSP5-8.5
scenario. The increase in skin temperature is responsible for a formation of new hotspots of ammonia in Belarus, Ukraine, Hungary, Moldova, parts of
Romania, and Switzerland.
Development and evaluation of processes affecting simulation of diel fine particulate matter variation in the GEOS-Chem model
Authors: Li Yanshun , Martin Randall V. , Li Chi , Boys Brian L. , van Donkelaar Aaron , Meng Jun , Pierce Jeffrey R.
Published: October 2023

Abstract. The capability of chemical transport models to represent fine particulate matter (PM2.5) over the course of a day is of vital importance for air quality simulation and assessment. In this work, we used the nested GEOS-Chem model at 0.25∘×0.3125∘ resolution to simulate the diel (24 h) variation in PM2.5 mass concentrations over the contiguous United States (US) in 2016. We evaluate the simulations with in situ measurements from a national monitoring network. Our base case simulation broadly reproduces the observed morning peak, afternoon dip, and evening peak of PM2.5, matching the timings of these features within 1–3 h. However, the simulated PM2.5 diel amplitude in our base case was 106 % biased high, relative to observations. We find that temporal resolution of emissions, subgrid vertical gradient between surface model-level center and observations, and biases in boundary layer mixing and aerosol nitrate are the major causes for this inconsistency. We applied an hourly anthropogenic emission inventory, converted the PM2.5 mass concentrations from the model-level center to the height of surface measurements by correcting for aerodynamic resistance, adjusted the boundary layer heights in the driving meteorological fields using aircraft observations, and constrained nitrate concentrations using in situ measurements. The bias in the PM2.5 diel amplitude was reduced to −12 % in the improved simulation. Gridded hourly emissions rather than diel scaling factors applied to monthly emissions reduced biases in simulated PM2.5 overnight. Resolving the subgrid vertical gradient in the surface model level aided the capturing of the timings of the PM2.5 morning peak and afternoon minimum. Based on the improved model, we find that the mean observed diel variation in PM2.5 for the contiguous US is driven by (1) building up of PM2.5 by 10 % in early morning (04:00–08:00 local time, LT), due to increasing anthropogenic emissions into a shallow mixed layer;
(2) decreasing PM2.5 by 22 % from mid-morning (08:00 LT) through
afternoon (15:00 LT), associated with mixed-layer growth; (3) increasing
PM2.5 by 30 % from mid-afternoon (15:00 LT) though evening (22:00 LT) as emissions persist into a collapsing mixed layer; and (4) decreasing PM2.5 by 10 % overnight (22:00–04:00 LT) as emissions diminish.
Short- and long-term stratospheric impact of smoke from the 2019–2020 Australian wildfires
Authors: Friberg Johan , Martinsson Bengt G. , Sporre Moa K.
Published: October 2023

Abstract. At the end of December 2019 and beginning of 2020,
massive firestorms in Australia formed pyrocumulonimbus clouds (pyroCbs) that
acted like enormous smokestacks, pumping smoke to the upper troposphere and
stratosphere. We study the smoke with data from four satellite-based
sensors: the aerosol observation platforms CALIOP (Cloud-Aerosol Lidar with Orthogonal Polarization), OMPS-LP (Ozone Mapping and Profiler Suite Limb Profiler), and OMPS-NM (Ozone Mapping and Profiler Suite Nadir Mapper) and
water vapor retrievals from MLS (Microwave Limb Sounder). Smoke was lofted to the upper troposphere
and stratosphere during two events and spread almost exclusively within the
extratropics. Smoke from the first event, starting 29 December, was injected
directly into the stratosphere by pyroCbs, causing a rapid initial increase
in AOD (aerosol optical depth). CALIOP identifies a rapid decline in this stratospheric smoke
(half-life: 10 d), not captured in previous studies of the Australian
fires, indicating photochemical processing of organic aerosol. This decay
rate is in line with model predictions of mid-tropospheric organic aerosol
loss by photolytic removal and is in agreement with our estimates of decay
rates after the North American fires in August 2017. PyroCbs from the second
event, 4 January, injected small amounts of smoke directly into the
stratosphere. Large amounts of smoke were injected to the upper troposphere,
from where it ascended into the stratosphere during several weeks, forming a
second peak in the aerosol load. Hence, we find that pyroCbs can impact the
stratospheric aerosol load both via direct injection to the stratosphere
and through injection of smoke to the upper troposphere from where the smoke
ascends into the stratosphere. The stratospheric AOD from the second-event
fires decreased more slowly than the AOD from the first event, likely due to a
combination of photolytic loss starting already in the troposphere and
continued supply of smoke from the upper troposphere offsetting the loss
rate. Together these injections yielded a major increase in the aerosol load
for almost 1 year.
Pressure-dependent performance of two CEN-specified condensation particle counters
Authors: Bauer Paulus S. , Spät Dorian , Eisenhut Martina , Gattringer Andreas , Weinzierl Bernadett
Published: October 2023

Abstract. One of the most important parameters to quantify an
aerosol is the particle number concentration. Condensation particle counters (CPCs) are commonly used to measure the aerosol number concentration in the
nanometer size range. To compare the data from different measurement
stations and campaigns, it is important to harmonize the instrument
specifications, which is why the CEN/TS 16976:2016 technical specification was introduced for CPCs. Therein, the parameters of the CEN CPC are specified
for standard pressure and temperature. However, CEN CPCs are used in various surroundings, on high mountains or on airplanes, where they are exposed to low-pressure conditions. Here, we present the pressure-dependent performance
(including the concentration linearity and counting efficiency) of two
different models of CEN CPCs, the Grimm 5410 CEN and the TSI 3772 CEN. We
found that their performance at 1000 and 750 hPa was in accordance with
the CEN technical specifications. Below 500 hPa, the performance decreased
for both CPC models, but the decrease was different for the two models. To
gain insight into the performance of the two CPC models, we performed a
simulation study. This study included simulations of the saturation profiles and calculations of internal particle losses within the CPCs. The
simulations reproduced the overall performance decrease with decreasing
pressure and reveal that the internal structure of the CPC has a significant
influence on the performance. We anticipate our publication to provide a
deeper understanding of the counting efficiency of CPCs and their pressure
dependence. Our findings might be a starting point for new standards that
include the pressure-dependent performance, or they could help in designing
new CPCs.
Empirical upscaling of OzFlux eddy covariance for high-resolution monitoring of terrestrial carbon uptake in Australia
Authors: Burton Chad A. , Renzullo Luigi J. , Rifai Sami W. , Van Dijk Albert I. J. M.
Published: October 2023

Abstract. We develop high-resolution (1 km) estimates of gross primary
productivity (GPP), ecosystem respiration (ER), and net ecosystem exchange
(NEE) over the Australian continent for the period January 2003 to June 2022
by empirical upscaling of flux tower measurements. We compare our estimates
with nine other products that cover the three broad categories that define
current methods for estimating the terrestrial carbon cycle and assess if
consiliences between datasets can point to the correct dynamics of
Australia's carbon cycle. Our results indicate that regional empirical
upscaling greatly improves upon the existing global empirical upscaling
efforts, outperforms process-based models, and agrees much better with the
dynamics of CO2 flux over Australia as estimated by two regional
atmospheric inversions. Our nearly 20-year estimates of terrestrial carbon
fluxes revealed that Australia is a strong net carbon sink of −0.44 PgC yr−1 (interquartile range, IQR = 0.42 PgC yr−1) on average, with an inter-annual variability of
0.18 PgC yr−1 and
an average seasonal amplitude of 0.85 PgC yr−1. Annual mean carbon uptake
estimated from other methods ranged considerably, while carbon flux
anomalies showed much better agreement between methods. NEE anomalies were
predominately driven by cumulative rainfall deficits and surpluses,
resulting in larger anomalous responses from GPP than ER. In contrast, we
show that the long-term average seasonal cycle is dictated more by the
variability in ER than GPP, resulting in peak carbon uptake typically
occurring during the cooler, drier austral autumn and winter months. This
new estimate of Australia's terrestrial carbon cycle provides a benchmark
for assessment against land surface model simulations and a means for
monitoring of Australia's terrestrial carbon cycle at an unprecedented
high resolution. We call this new estimate of Australia's terrestrial carbon
cycle “AusEFlux” (Australian Empirical Fluxes).
Retrieval of sea ice drift in the Fram Strait based on data from Chinese satellite HaiYang (HY1-D)
Authors: Lu Dunwang , Liu Jianqiang , Shi Lijian , Zeng Tao , Cheng Bin , Wu Suhui , Wang Manman
Published: October 2023

Abstract. Melting of sea ice in the Arctic ocean has accelerated due to global warming. The Fram Strait (FS) serves as a crucial pathway for sea ice export from the Arctic to the North Atlantic Ocean. Monitoring sea ice drift (SID) in FS provides insights into how Arctic sea ice responds to the climate change. The SID has been retrieving from Sentinel-1 SAR, AVHRR, MODIS and AMSR-E, and using optical data to retrieve SID still needs further exploration. In this paper, we retrieve SID in the FS using China's HaiYang1-D (HY1-D) satellite equipped with the Coastal Zone Imager (CZI). Multi-template matching technique is employed to calculate cross-correlation, and subpixel estimation is used to locate displacement vectors from the cross-correlation matrix. The dataset covering March to May 2021 is divided into hourly and daily intervals for analysis, and validation is performed using Copernicus Marine Environment Monitoring Service (CMEMS) SAR-based product and IABP buoy measurements. Comparison with CMEMS SID product reveals a high correlation at the daily level; however, due to spatial and temporal variability in sea ice motion, differences are observed at an hourly resolution. Additionally, validation against IABP buoy data shows a velocity bias of 0.004 m/s and RMSE of 0.027 m/s at the day-level, along with a flow direction bias of 0.057 rad and RMSE of 0.313 rad respectively; while at the hour-level, velocity bias is negligible (0 m/s), with an RMSE value of 0.022 m/s; similarly for flow direction bias which remains negligible. During the validation against buoys, we find that the accuracy of retrieving the SID flow direction is highly interrelated with the sea ice displacement.
3D reconstruction of horizontal and vertical quasi-geostrophic currents in the North Atlantic Ocean
Authors: Asdar Sarah , Ciani Daniele , Buongiorno Nardelli Bruno
Published: October 2023

Abstract. In this paper we introduce a new high-resolution (1/10°) data-driven dataset of 3D ocean currents developed by the National Research Council of Italy in the framework of the European Space Agency World Ocean Circulation project: the WOC-NATL3D dataset. The product domain extends over a wide portion of the North Atlantic Ocean from the surface down to 1500 m depth, and the dataset covers the period between 2010 and 2019. To generate this product, a diabatic quasi-geostrophic diagnostic model is applied to data-driven 3D temperature and salinity fields obtained through a deep learning technique, along with ERA5 fluxes and empirical estimates of the horizontal Ekman currents based on input provided by the European Copernicus Marine Service. The assessment of WOC-NATL3D currents is performed by direct validation of the total horizontal velocities with independent drifter estimates at various depths (0, 15 and 1000 m) and by comparing them with existing reanalyses that are obtained through the assimilation of observations into ocean general circulation numerical models. Our estimates of the ageostrophic components of the flow improve the total horizontal velocity reconstruction, being more accurate and closer-to-observations than model reanalyses in the upper layers, also providing an indirect proof of the reliability of the resulting vertical velocities. The reconstructed WOC-NATL3D currents are freely available at https://www.worldoceancirculation.org/Products#/metadata/0aa7daac-43e6-42f3-9f95-ef7da46bc702 (Buongiorno Nardelli, 2022).
Building a bimodal landscape: bedrock lithology and bed thickness controls on the morphology of Last Chance Canyon, New Mexico, USA
Authors: Anderson Sam , Gasparini Nicole , Johnson Joel
Published: October 2023

Abstract. We explore how rock properties and channel morphology vary with rock type in Last Chance Canyon, Guadalupe Mountains, New Mexico, USA. The rocks here are composed of horizontally to near-horizontally interbedded carbonate and sandstone. This study focuses on first- and second-order channel sections, where the streams have a lower channel steepness index (ksn) upstream and transition to higher ksn values downstream. We hypothesize that differences in bed thickness and rock strength influence ksn values, both locally by influencing bulk bedrock strength and also nonlocally through the production of coarse sediment. We collected
discontinuity intensity data (the length of bedding planes and fractures per unit area), Schmidt hammer rebound measurements, and measured the largest boulder at every 12.2 m elevation contour to test this hypothesis. Bedrock and boulder mineralogy were determined using a lab-based carbonate dissolution method. High-resolution orthomosaics and digital surface models (DSMs) were generated from drone and ground-based photogrammetry. The orthomosaics were used to map channel sections with exposed bedrock. The United States Geological Survey (USGS) 10 m digital elevation models (DEMs) were used to measure channel slope and hillslope relief. We find that discontinuity intensity is negatively correlated with Schmidt hammer rebound values in sandstone bedrock. Channel steepness tends to be higher where reaches are primarily incising through more thickly bedded carbonate bedrock and lower where more thinly bedded sandstone is exposed. Bedrock properties also influence channel morphology indirectly, through coarse sediment input from adjacent hillslopes. Thickly bedded rock layers on hillslopes erode to contribute larger colluvial sediment to adjacent channels, and these reaches have higher ksn values. Larger and more competent carbonate sediment armors both the carbonate and the more erodible sandstone and reduces steepness contrasts across rock types. We interpret that in the relatively steep, high-level ksn downstream channel
sections, the slope is primarily controlled by the coarse alluvial cover. We further posit that the upstream low-level ksn reaches have a base level that is fixed by the steep downstream reaches, resulting in a stable configuration, where channel slopes have adjusted to lithologic differences and/or sediment armor.
Parameter dynamics of distributed hydrological model in simulating or forecasting flood processes of urbanizing watersheds
Authors: Chen Yangbo , Liu Jun , Dong Liming
Published: October 2023

Abstract. In the past decades, the world has experienced rapid urbanization and observed the appearances of large amount urbanizing watersheds with enhanced flooding, which has a constant changing land use/cover(LUC) types as the most significant feature. Simulating and forecasting urbanizing watershed flood processes faces great challenges, one is how to relate model parameters with the changing LUCs to secure an accurately and reliable simulation and forecasting results. In this study, a methodology for simulating and forecasting urbanizing watershed flood processes is proposed, which employs Liuxihe model as the watershed hydrological model. This methodology sets up the Liuxihe model with latest terrain properties, then derives initial parameter look-up table based on terrain properties, and optimizes it if there is observed hydrological data. If there is LUC changes, then the parameters are updated with the changed LUCs based on the optimized parameter look-up tables. Case study in a highly urbanizing watershed in the Pearl River Delta Area in southern China has shown that this method acquires accurate and reliable flood processes simulation results. Further more, this study has proven an assumption that the hydrological model parameters are LUC stationary, i.e., with the LUC changes, the parameter look-up table will not change, parameter look-up table optimized in a specific time with current LUCs will not change even the LUCs changed. With this assumption, the parameter look-up table only needs to be optimized once. This is a science question that has not been not well answered yet by the scientific communities.
A Bayesian model for quantifying errors in citizen science data: application to rainfall observations from Nepal
Authors: Eisma Jessica A. , Schoups Gerrit , Davids Jeffrey C. , van de Giesen Nick
Published: October 2023

Abstract. High-quality citizen science data can be instrumental in advancing science toward new discoveries and a deeper understanding of under-observed phenomena. However, the error structure of citizen scientist (CS) data must be well-defined. Within a citizen science program, the errors in submitted observations vary, and their occurrence may depend on CS-specific characteristics. This study develops a graphical Bayesian inference model of error types in CS data. The model assumes that (1) each CS observation is subject to a specific error type, each with its own bias and noise, and (2) an observation's error type depends on the static error community of the CS, which in turn relates to characteristics of the CS submitting the observation. Given a set of CS observations and corresponding ground-truth values, the model can be calibrated for a specific application, yielding (i) number of error types and error communities, (ii) bias and noise for each error type, (iii) error distribution of each error community, and (iv) the single error community to which each CS belongs. The model, applied to Nepal CS rainfall observations, identifies five error types and sorts CSs into four static, model-inferred communities. In the case study, 73 % of CSs submitted data with errors in fewer than 5 % of their observations. The remaining CSs submitted data with unit, meniscus, unknown, and outlier errors. A CS's assigned community, coupled with model-inferred error probabilities, can identify observations that require verification and provides an opportunity for targeted re-training of CSs based on mistake tendencies.
Acute Effects of Different Foam Roller Intervention Techniques on Knee Extensors
Authors: Kasahara Kazuki , Konrad Andreas , Murakami Yuta , Yoshida Riku , Thomas Ewan , Nakamura Masatoshi
Published: October 2023

The usefulness of Foam Roller (FR) even without a rolling stimulus (e.g., static compression with or without dynamic joint movements) has been recently demonstrated; however, the different effects of these methods remain unclear. Thus, this study aimed to compare and investigate the effects of such FR intervention methods on knee extensors. The dominant knee extensors of 20 male university students were investigated using the following four conditions: control (CON), FR with rolling (FR_rolling), FR with static compression (FR_SC), and FR with static compression + dynamic movement of the knee joint (FR_DM). FR_SC was intervened to compress the muscle belly of the knee extensors. FR_DM involved knee flexion and extension while maintaining the FR_SC condition. Knee flexion ROM, pain pressure threshold (PPT), tissue hardness, and countermovement jump (CMJ) height were outcome variables; they were compared before and immediately after the intervention. The results of this study showed that knee flexion ROM was significantly (p < 0.01) increased in FR_rolling (d = 0.38), FR_SC (d = 0.28), and FR_DM (d = 0.64). Tissue hardness was significantly (p < 0.01) decreased in FR_rolling (d = -0.55), FR_SC (d = -0.28), and FR_DM (d = -0.42). A main effect of time (p < 0.01) was observed in knee flexion ROM, PPT, and tissue hardness, but no change in CMJ was observed. The results of this study suggested that clinicians and athletes could choose any method they like as a warm-up routine.
Maximum Power Point Tracking Charge Controller Using Modified Perturb and Observe Algorithm for Lead Acid Battery
Authors: Hina N. Kadeval  , V. K. Patel
Published: October 2023

A study was undertaken on development of a modified perturb and observe algorithm for maximum power point tracking (MPPT) charge controller. This MPPT algorithm was developed in Matlab/Simulink environment, using three-state charging method for improved battery charging with higher efficiency. A buck topology was utilised as a DC-DC converter for charge controller implementation. The maximum power of the photovoltaic panel was tracked by a modified perturb and observe algorithm. The battery charge controller charged a lead-acid battery using a three- stage charging strategy including the bulk charge, constant voltage (absorption charge), and float charge stage. The performance analysis of Simulink model was carried out by maximum power point tracking performance, battery charging performance, and overall charge controller efficiency performance. The performance results indicated that the maximum power point tracking was capable to track to the maximum power of PV panel at any solar irradiance variation with power tracking efficiency up to 98 per cent. The efficiency of overall charge controller was up to 98.3%, which matched many high-end commercial charge controller product specifications.
The Degree to Which School Principals Enforce the Skills Included in "School Leaders Empowerment Program" from the Perspective of Educational Supervisors and Teachers
Authors: Al-Khamis Abdullah , Al-Qahtani Mohammed
Published: October 2023

Developing school principals skills are important for the success of their administrative performance. Therefore, the study aims to identify the degree to which school leaders enforce the skills included in the School Leaders Empowerment Program and to detect inconsistencies among responses by the participants of the study. The descriptive survey method was used, and the research tool was a questionnaire. The study population consisted of all educational supervisors and teachers. there are statistically significant differences at a significance level less than or equal to (0.05) according to the job title variable in favor of teachers regarding the degree of school leaders who enforce the skills included in the "Empowering School Leaders Program" in the two dimensions and the tool as a whole. It also found statistically significant differences in favor of teachers regarding the degree of school leaders applying the skills included in the School Leaders Empowerment Program. The study concluded that: school principals enforce the skills included in the program to a high degree, the administrative dimension showed the highest degree of achievement, and the highest areas of the technical dimension in achievement is the field of improving students: medically, scientifically, and culturally, followed by the field of improving teaching skills, then the field of quality improvement.
Оценка взаимосвязи сосудистого возраста, определенного методом объемной сфигмографии, атерогенного индекса плазмы с основными клинико-лабораторными и гемодинамическими показателями при артериальной гипертензии
Authors: Гома Т. В. , Цыренова А. А.
Published: October 2023

Введение. Повышенное артериальное давление и дислипидемия являются важнейшими модифицируемыми факторами сердечно-сосудистого риска, коррекция которых может внести существенный вклад в снижение заболеваемости и смертности. Эти взаимосвязанные состояния ускоряют изменения свойств сосудистой стенки, то есть способствуют «сосудистому старению». Для оценки сердечно-сосудистого риска принято использовать шкалы. В России и Европе применяют шкалу SCORE, отражающую 10-летний риск фатальных сердечно-сосудистых осложнений, выраженный в процентах. Однако современные знания о новых факторах и их сочетаниях приводят к пониманию необходимости модификации общепринятых шкал и поиску новых маркеров сердечно-сосудистого риска [1, 2]. Кроме того, процентное выражение риска не понятно для пациента, что приводит к преуменьшению «бремени» своего заболевания и низкой приверженности к его лечению [3, 4]. Одним из показателей, отражающих сосудистое старение и способствующих улучшению коммуникации врача и пациента, является сосудистый возраст [4], под которым понимают хронологический возраст «идеального» пациента с таким же уровнем сердечно-сосудистого риска, как и у обследуемого, у которого отсутствуют модифицируемые факторы риска [5]. В исследованиях была доказана связь между сосудистым возрастом и общепринятыми факторами риска сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний, таких как повышение систолического артериального давления, пульсового давления, дислипидемия [4–6]. Способ оценки сосудистого возраста методом объемной сфигмографии является простым, неинвазивным и позволяющим быстро получить результат. Методика основана на определении параметров жесткости сосудистой стенки и основных характеристик пульсовой волны на периферических артериях, однако недооценивает изменения липидного спектра.
Влияние стресса в семье на риск артериальной гипертензии среди лиц 25–64 лет (программа ВОЗ «MONICA-психосоциальная»)
Authors: Громова Е. А. , Гагулин И. В. , Гафарова А. В. , Панов Д. О. , Гафаров В. В.
Published: October 2023

Введение. Эмпирические исследования, проводимые в течение нескольких десятилетий, показали, что люди, состоящие в браке, испытывают ряд физических и психических преимуществ по сравнению с людьми, не состоящими в браке, в отношении состояния здоровья, лучшей самооценки здоровья, а также продолжительности жизни [1]. Более того, ассоциации между семейным положением и результатами, связанными со здоровьем, остались даже после корректировки различных наборов демографических и социально-экономических характеристик [2–8]. Учитывая вышеизложенные факты, оценка влияния стресса в семье на риск возникновения АГ среди лиц 25–64 лет представляется актуальной.
Содержание интерлейкина-6 у мужчин с артериальной гипертензией с умеренным и высоким кардиоваскулярным риском
Authors: Хачирова А. И.
Published: October 2023

Введение. Важную роль в эффективности терапии артериальной гипертензии играют выбор гипотензивного препарата и приверженность пациентов к терапии. Выбор тактики гипотензивной терапии определяется сердечно-сосудистым риском. Основные группы гипотензивных препаратов обладают выраженным эффектом и протективнми свойствами, что позволяет снизить риск поражения органов-мишеней [1, 2]. Доказано, что уровень систолического артериального давления выше 140 мм рт. ст. и диастолического артериального давления выше 90 мм рт. ст. приводят к поражению органов мишеней, в том числе сосудов и сердца, а также увеличивают риск сердечно-сосудистых событий. Тенденцией здравоохранения является снижение целевых значений артериального давления до 130/80 мм рт. ст. Проведенные клинические исследования свидетельствуют об улучшении прогноза при достижении этих значений [3]. Наряду с традиционными модифицированными факторами риска выделяют гендерные различия в патогенезе артериальной гипертонии, особенностях распространенности факторов риска в мужской и женской популяциях, а также в приверженности к терапии. В патогенезе воздействия факторов риска на развитие сердечно-сосудистой патологии важную роль играют воспалительные процессы. Кардиоваскулярный риск также зависит от сопутствующих нарушений углеводного обмена и ожирения, влияющих на внутрисосудистое воспаление [4]. Выраженность воспаления влияет на сердечнососудистые риски. В то же время контроль над факторами риска и лекарственная терапия в значительной степени могут улучшить прогноз заболеваний, что также отражается в снижении выраженности внутрисосудистого воспаления. Выявлено, что достижение целевых значений АД сопровождается снижением жесткости сосудистой стенки и уменьшением выраженности внутрисосудистого воспаления [5].
Артериальная гипертензия, уровень артериального давления и риск фибрилляции предсердий у жителей сибири
Authors: Шапкина М. Ю. , Рябиков А. Н. , Титаренко А. В. , Авдеева Е. М. , Маздорова Е. В. , Щербакова Л. В. , Малютина С. К.
Published: October 2023

Введение. Фибрилляция предсердий (ФП) – распространенное нарушение сердечного ритма. Распространенность ФП во всем мире увеличивается, и ожидается, что в ближайшие десятилетия она перерастет в эпидемию по мере старения населения [2, 4]. Несмотря на значительный прогресс в диагностике и лечении пациентов с сердечно-сосудистыми заболеваниями (ССЗ), эта аритмия остается одной из основных причин развития мозгового инсульта, прогрессирования сердечной недостаточности, значительного ухудшения качества жизни и преждевременной смерти [1–3]. Одним из наиболее распространенных факторов риска ФП является артериальная гипертензия (АГ). По данным Фремингемского исследования (FHS), АГ у лиц с ФП встречается на 14 % чаще других факторов риска, а риск развития ФП для лиц с гипертонией был в 1,5 раза выше для мужчин и 1,4 раза выше для женщин [5]. В более поздних исследованиях продемонстрирована связь с ФП именно с пульсовым давлением [6]. Однако в консорциуме CHARGE-AF было показано, что систолическое (САД) и диастолическое (ДАД) артериальное давление являются отдельными прогностическими факторами риска ФП [7]. Учитывая существующие половые и возрастные особенности в эпидемиологии ССЗ, а также в частоте АГ, очевидно, что ассоциация АГ и ФП является специфичной для женщин и для мужчин [8–11]. Распространенность ФП у мужчин почти вдвое выше, чем у женщин [9], в то время как риск неблагоприятных исходов ФП выше у женщин [8, 10]. Кроме того, 50-летний анализ FHS показал, что несмотря на снижение частоты тяжелой степени АГ и увеличение частоты лечения, популяционный риск ФП не снизился и гипотензивная терапия слабо влияла на риск ФП, связанный с АГ [9].
Роль гена МСР-1 в патогенезе атеросклероза
Authors: Прохин А. В.
Published: October 2023

Введение. Сердечно-сосудистые заболевания являются ведущей причиной смертности и инвалидизации населения. Изучение факторов риска их развития, а также профилактика сердечно-сосудистой патологии являются важным направлением современной медицины. Одним из факторов риска сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний является наследственность. В настоящее время рассматриваются наследственные нарушения липидного обмена, предрасполагающие к атеросклерозу, наличие близких родственников с ранним развитием острого инфаркта миокарда и сердечно-сосудистой смертью, наследственной предрасположенностью к артериальной гипертензии, сахарному диабету 2 типа [1]. Воспалительные механизмы лежат в основе патогенеза атеросклероза. В экспериментах на животных установлена связь между наличием хемокина МСР-1 (моноцитарный хемоаттрактантный белок-1) и процессом атерогенеза. MCP-1, прототип хемокина семейства CC, привлекает моноциты к участкам воспаления, включая атерогенную артериальную стенку. В эксперименте мыши, лишенные MCP-1 или его рецептора CCR2, защищены от атеросклероза, а фармакологическое ингибирование MCP-1/CCR2 уменьшает размер бляшки при экспериментальном атеросклерозе [2, 3]. Выявлена генетическая предрасположенность к дислипидемии, ожирению, артериальной гипертензии. Проведенные исследования показывают, что воспалительные процессы, лежащие в основе атеросклероза, также генетически детерминированы. Недавние генетические данные и данные наблюдений за людьми подтверждают ассоциацию уровня циркулирующего MCP-1 с риском инсульта и ишемической болезни сердца. Тем не менее трансляционный потенциал воздействия на путь MCP-1/CCR2 при атеросклерозе у человека остается неясным. В частности, остается неизвестным, является ли активность MCP-1 в организме человека связанной с прогрессированием атеросклероза и нестабильностью бляшек, которые лежат в основе возникновения клинических событий, включая инсульт и инфаркт миокарда [4].
Metamizole: A comprehensive approach to its benefit-risk profile
Authors: Stromer Waltraud , Palladini Mariana
Published: October 2023

Metamizole is a drug with many years of use in some countries, and a large number of patients are exposed to its pharmacologic effects. The safety assessments have been done decades ago; therefore, it is worth summarizing the current state of knowledge of its benefit-risk profile.
IMPROVING THE ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF INNOVATIVE INTEGRATED STRUCTURES IN THE REAL SECTOR IN KAZAKHSTAN
Authors: Seisenbayeva Zh. M. , Nurasheva K. K. , Isatayeva G. B.
Published: October 2023

Purpose of the research. The present research is devoted to the study of the relationship between scientifi c capabilities and innovation eff orts. The purpose of the study is to assess the eff ectiveness of the development of innovative integrated structures in the real sector in Kazakhstan. Scientifi c research makes it possible to study the importance of innovative integrated structures and contributes to the literature on research and development and economic growth.

The research methodology was implemented by mathematical modeling. The assessment of the eff ectiveness of the development of innovative integrated structures includes the analysis of indicators refl ecting the results of the activities of the participants of the integrated structure, in particular universities in the form of scientifi c articles, innovative enterprises in the form of the volume of innovative products and scientifi c organizations in the form of patents.

The originality / value of the study is confi rmed and justifi ed by the lack of research on the calculation of the eff ectiveness of innovative integrated structures in the regions of Kazakhstan.

Findings. Innovative integrated structures are necessary to support the real sector of the economy, which is most prone to crises. To solve many of the challenges that our economy has faced in recent years, it requires the use of research in public policy and decision-making, not based on blind faith in scientifi c recommendations.
TOURIST DESTINATION AS A MECHANISM FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF THE REGION
Authors: Shokhan R. , Mutaliyeva L. M.
Published: October 2023

Purpose of the research – the organization and management of a tourist destination is a prerequisite for the development of the tourism market in the region. The article is aimed at considering the importance of a tourist destination for the sustainable development of the region, analyzing the current state of the industry and assessing the statistical indicators of such tourist destinations as Shchuchinsko-Borovskaya and Zerendinskaya, located in the Akmola region.

Methodology. Within the framework of the problem under consideration, the method of bibliographic analysis was used as the main research methods, with the help of which a review of the works of authors who studied this area was carried out. To assess the development of the tourist destination of the region in the analytical part of the study, economic and statistical methods were used. The development of the Shchuchinsko-Borovskaya and Zerenda tourist destinations in the Akmola region, included in the tourist grouping of the republican level, was characterized using the SWOT-analysis method. On the basis of abstract-logical methods, conclusions are drawn about the current state of the use of tourist destinations in the Akmola region for tourism purposes and proposals are formulated aimed at developing the industry.

Originality / value of the research. The results of the study allow making optimal decisions to improve the activities of tourist destinations.

Findings: the role of the tourism industry in the economy is determined, the specifi cs of the tourist destination as a category are characterized, the grouping of tourist destinations of republican and local signifi cance is considered in accordance with the tourist resources on the territory of the country, and the assessment of the current state of tourist destinations in the Akmola region is given.
OPPORTUNITIES FOR TERRITORIAL MARKETING IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE SINGLE-INDUSTRY TOWN OF KHROMTAU
Authors: Shurenov N. B. , Tovma N. A. , Saimova M. D.
Published: October 2023

The purpose of the study is to analyze the state of socio-economic development of the city of Khromtau, the only single-industry town with high potential in the Aktobe region, and use marketing opportunities in further development

Methodology – general scientifi c research methods, such as analysis, comparison, generalization Uniqueness/ value of the study.

Originality / value of the research. It can be used in the development of a roadmap for the development of the region, a comprehensive development plan by socio-economic assessment of the pace of development of the monotown Khromtau.

Findings. As a result of the study, based on the results of the study of the socio-economic state of the monotown of Khromtau, it was determined that the economic, social sphere, and infrastructure situation are at an average level. Chromite ore mined and exported to Khromtau is competitive in the world due to its rich ore content and has special properties of the hardest chemical element. Chrome ore makes the city of Khromtau a potential monotown for the coming decades. Nevertheless, the production left over from Soviet times and the level of deterioration of some infrastructure facilities in the city remains high. Despite the largescale work in this direction, in general, there are common problems characteristic of single-industry towns in Kazakhstan. The main goal of the development of single-industry towns should be the creation of new industries, improving the level and quality of life of people. Therefore, it is fi rst necessary to create enterprises as a point of growth, and then develop the infrastructure for revenues from these enterprises to the budget. To do this, it is recommended to form the image of a single-industry town.
Divine Connections: Case Studies in the Phoenician Context
Authors: Garbati Giuseppe
Published: October 2023

The present contribution examines relations between deities in the Phoenician context. Its principal aim is to reconstruct some of the ways in which the Phoenicians conceived of the divine dimension, its protagonists, and the connections between them.