bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PSYCHOLOGICAL CAPITAL TRAINNING TO INCREASE WORK ENGAGEMENT
Authors: Santoso Moch. Akhimullah
Published: December 2020

Suatu manajemen dalam perusahan mengatakan bahwa work engagement itu penting untuk diteliti, dari hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa karyawan yang engaged menunjukkan performansi kerja yang lebih baik. Tingginya work engagement sangat penting dalam meningkatkan performa dan produktivitas organisasi. Salah satu factor yang dapat meningkatkan work engagement dapat melalui personal resource. Dalam hal ini sebagai prediktor personal resources yaitu modal psikologis. Sehingga, dalam penelitian ini peneliti ingin melakukan pelatihan psychological capital untuk meningkatkan work engagement.  Work engagement dapat dilihat dari tiga komponen utama, yaitu semangat, dedikasi dan juga penghayatan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksperimen one group pretest posttest design. Instrument penelitian ini menggunakan kuesioner The Utrecht Work Engagement yang dikembangkan oleh Bakker et al. (2003). Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini ditemukan bahwa terdapat perubahan tingkat work engagement pada partisipan sebelum diadakannya pelatihan dan sesudah diadakannya pelatihan, dengan nilai signifikansi 0.002 (p<0.05).
PENERAPAN KOMPETENSI KONSELOR DALAM MEMBANTU KORBAN PELECEHAN SEKSUAL DENGAN KONSELING TRAUMATIK
Authors: Albertin Nurul , Rahmat Hidayat Dede
Published: December 2020

Konselor merupakan sebuah perjalanan seumur hidup yang tidak ada habisnya. Konselor merupakan seseorang yang sudah memiliki pendidikan profesi, memahami setiap kompetensi konselor dan menerapkan terhadap setiap klien. Kompetensi konselor dibagi menjadi empat yaitu pedagogik, professional, kompetensi sosial dan kompetensi pribadi. Konselor harus mampu menerapkan ini didalam pribadinya. Selain kompetensi ada juga karakteristik konselor antara lain kepercayaan publik (public trust), kode etik, kualifikasi, standart kompetensi dan kurikulum. Banyak permasalahan yang akan dihadapi oleh konselor karena setiap klien yang datang berbeda-beda mulai dari permasalahan yang ringan sampai yang rumit. Dari sekian banyak permasalahan yang dihadapi klien salah satu permasalahannya adalah pelecehan seksual. Pelecehan seksual dapat terjadi dimana saja dan dialami oleh siapa saja. Pelecahan seksual adalah tindakan asusila yang di lakukan pelaku dengan sengaja terhadap orang lain sehingga menimbulkan perasaan trauma pada diri seseorang. Salah satu terapi yang digunakan oleh konselor adalah konseling traumatik, proses konseling tersebut dapat dilakukan dengan beberapa kali pertemuan yaitu melihat trauma dan permasalahan yang dihadapi klien. Pada umumnya membantu klien yang mengalami pelecehan seksual dibutuhkan lebih dari sekali pertemuan karena konselor bertugas membantu klien menghilangkan trauma tersebut dan membuat klien menerima diri sendiri serta memaafkan dan menerima masalalunya. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui dan melihat penerapan kompetensi konselor dalam membantu korban pelecehan seksual. Konselor harus mampu menerapkan kompetensi professional konselor sehingga klien merasa nyaman, percaya dan aman serta mampu terbuka mengenai setiap persoalannya.
HUBUNGAN ANTARA EMPATI DENGAN PERILAKU PROSOSIAL PADA BYSTANDER UNTUK MENOLONG KORBAN BULLYING
Authors: Lesmono Putra , Ari Prasetya2 Berta Esti
Published: December 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui ada atau tidaknya hubungan antara empati dengan perilaku prososial pada bystander untuk menolong korban bullying. Perilaku prososial  yang dimaksudkan adalah untuk menguntungkan orang lain dengan salah satu faktornya adalah empati. Subjek penelitian ini adalah siswa-siswi SMP Kristen Satya Wacana Salatiga, kelas VIII dan IX, dengan kriteria subjek sebagai teman biasa dari korban bullying. Data diambil menggunakan metode kuantitatif dengan model purposive sampling. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian didapatkan hasil koefesien korelasi (r) = 0,326 dengan nilai signifikansi 0,003; p < 0,05 yang berarti terdapat hubungan positif antara empati dengan perilaku prososial pada bystander untuk menolong korban bullying di SMP Kristen Satya Wacana Salatiga, kelas VIII dan IX, dengan kriteria subjek sebagai teman biasa dari korban bullying.
TINGKAT PEMAHAMAN PESERTA DIDIK KELAS XI SMA SWASTA DI BEKASI TERHADAP EFIKASI DIRI DALAM BERPRESTASI
Authors: Nurmalia Theodora , Rahmat Hidayat Dede
Published: December 2020

Each school has criteria or benchmarks used to determine the final results of the learning process that has been carried out. Student learning achievement is one input or output from the school. So great is the effect of learning achievement on schools and the environment that students need to develop themselves in achieving achievement. Students are expected to have motivation in learning and improve achievement for the advancement of themselves and their environment. Self-efficacy has a role in giving a confidence or confidence to students in carrying out the task and obtain the expected results. Confidence and confidence need to be instilled in students in order to develop their abilities and be responsible for the tasks assigned to them, and obtain results according to ability. This research, reveals a description of students' understanding in carrying out learning / academic assignments so as to prepare for the future and achieve the expected goals. The number of research subjects amounted to 162 people, as students of class XI Bekasi City Private High School. The results showed 98.8% of 162 students realized that success or success could be achieved with diligent effort, 95.7% of students tried to obtain achievements to achieve their goals, 98.8% of students tried to make the assignment given by the teacher can be completed on time, 85.8% of students have the confidence to complete the task and face difficulties in completing the task (80.2%). The level of self-understanding of Class XI High School Bekasi Private School students mostly acknowledges that success or success can be achieved with diligent effort, obtaining achievements that support the achievement of ideals, as well as having confidence in completing tasks while facing difficulties
Kebun Raya Bogor Dan Fasilitasnya, Sejarah Dan Fungsi Di Masa Lalu Dan Kini
Authors: Sutrisna Deni
Published: December 2020

Bogor city is geographically located between mount Gede and mount Salak. High rainfall, the marginal land traversed by the Ci Sadane river and the Ci Liwung river have long been the locations of human activity. Starting from the classical Hindu period (Kerajaan Pakuan Padjadjaran), the colonial period (Dutch and English), and Japan became the destinations of the kingdom’s officials as a Government. The cool air with natural panorama that became the inspiration for the birth of a large garden, called Netherlands Plantentuin te Buitenzorg (Bogor Botanical Garden) with various facilities in the period 18-19 AD century visiting people at home and abroad. How the history of botanical garden and its facilities in the past and presents the questions discussed in this paper. To meet the needs of the data needed to use the method of library study and observation of physical data in field about the building both the environment. The results of the analysis from the two sources show that Bogor Botanical Gardens is still working as a research site for plants and a resting place for state officials for a long time. In addition, the botanical garden is now also used as a city lung and recreation area.
Fraud Triangle Theory: Calling for New Factors
Authors: Awang Naqiah , Hussin Nur Syafiqah , Razali Fatin Adilah , Abu Talib Shafinaz Lyana
Published: December 2020

The famous financial scandal of Enron, WorldCom and 1 Malaysia Development Berhad has harmed the auditor’s reputation as the protector of shareholders’ rights. Auditors have done their part by conducting systematic audit procedures and “What Could Go Wrong” analysis in assessing the possible risk area to assist fraud detection in the client’s financial matters. However, fraud cases never seem to decline. Regardless of any safeguarding measures established, fraud incidents can just occur and be worsened by economic downturn and prolonged inflation especially after the pandemic ends. Additionally, the characteristic of the modern business environment, technology sophistication and new generation traits had challenged Cressey Fraud Triangle Theory on its validity and relevancy. Therefore, associating all these possible challenges into consideration, this study aims to review prior literature related to the evolution of Cressey fraud theory to propose a new insight in considering relevant motivation factors that drive fraud penetrations. From the review, the study discovered the need for a detailed evaluation and research on the essential fraud element in constructing an all-rounded fraud prevention mechanism.
Criteria Used to Assess Need for Use of Morphine for Adult Cancer Pain Relief in Kakamega County Referral Hospital, Kenya, Africa
Authors: Ombati Judygrace Monyangi
Published: December 2020

The experience of pain in cancer patients is widely accepted as a major threat to quality of life, and its relief has emerged as a priority in oncology care. Although morphine and other opioids is the mainstay of cancer pain management, patients still suffer from moderate to severe pain. This paper investigated the criteria used to assess need for use of morphine for pain relief in cancer patients in Kakamega county referral hospital. The study used a cross-sectional research design. Target population was 295 which included physicians (medical doctors), nurses and clinical officers working at the Kakamega County General Hospital. The study employed focused group discussion and questionnaires to collect data. The study findings revealed that prescribers of morphine face challenges and FGD indicated that health care providers often create barriers to effective pain management. Time constraints and insufficient knowledge regarding pain management of medical professionals were the most commonly encountered barriers to effective pain management for physicians, clinical officers and nurses. There was a significant relationship between criteria used and morphine use in cancer pain relief (p=0.013) The study concluded that for one to use morphine to control cancer pain amongst adult, they should consider; the dose and length of time allowed by a single prescription, challenges faced when prescribing morphine, that morphine can only be sold to institutions that have at least a medical officer and the actual cost of morphine.
El pensamiento milenarista medieval y su recepción en el Nuevo Mundo
Authors: Pereyra Yanela Araceli
Published: December 2020

El presente trabajo es una primera aproximación al estudio del pensamiento milenarista medieval y su recepción en el Nuevo Mundo, a través de distintas manifestaciones, tales como la evangelización, el pensamiento y el arte. Para ello es preciso comprender la complejidad de los avatares acaecidos en la Europa de la Edad Media y su asimilación de las ideas escatológicas provenientes de las Sagradas Escrituras para luego interpretar la recepción de las mismas en las colonias americanas. Esto podría interpretarse como manifestaciones espirituales que constituyen un nexo entre la Europa medieval y el Nuevo Mundo. Por consiguiente, se busca una interpretación de la mentalidad medieval cristiana a través de rupturas y continuidades en la historia, más allá de las fronteras geográficas y culturales, constituyéndose así un fundamento unificador del cristianismo.
El origen del hombre
Authors: Mallo González Marcos , De Juan Fernandez Jorge
Published: December 2020

A la hora de realizar un acercamiento al origen del hombre, generalmente suele presentarse una confrontación entre la explicación bíblica y la teoría de la evolución de Darwin. Sin embargo, esta percepción es falsa.

El presente estudio analiza los libros de texto de clase de Religión católica de tres editoriales españolas de Educación Primaria para ver cómo es abordado este tema, hallar los puntos de encuentro entre ambas explicaciones, poner de manifiesto las deficiencias e indicar posibles mejoras didácticas.
Letras de Pironio
Authors: Ponce Leonardo
Published: December 2020

El presente artículo expone el primero de una serie de escritos inéditos del Siervo de Dios Eduardo Francisco Pironio, que él escribiera durante el año 1938, siendo seminarista y estudiando en el Seminario Mayor San José de la Arquidiócesis de La Plata. En ellos se pueden observar algunas temáticas que van a ser frecuentes luego en su predicación, como la amistad y la esperanza. Los artículos fueron originalmente editados en la revista “Sapientia”, publicación histórica del seminario. El valor de estos textos radica en que permiten conocer un poco más a Pironio en su juventud, quien hoy está en proceso de ser beatificado.
Education Philosophy Issues in Modern World
Authors: AVETISYAN Armen
Published: December 2020

The paper dwells on the principal issues and tendencies in education philosophy introducing the problems that emerge under the circumstances of ever-changing society and globalisation processes. The subject-matter specifics are discussed within the particular context of Armenian educational reality and the pending issues to be tackled.
Competencia digital docente en Prácticum desde la autoevaluación
Authors: Amorós-Poveda Lucía
Published: December 2020

Se atiende a la competencia digital docente en el Prácticum de la Facultad de Educación de la Universidad de Murcia planteando tres objetivos: explorar el uso del aula virtual en el Prácticum, identificar las herramientas más utilizadas y analizar el impacto en la actividad. El proceso docente, de las asignaturas de Prácticum de los grados de Educación Infantil, Primaria, Educación Social y Pedagogía, actúa como sujeto muestral (n = 5) con 36 estudiantes. Se utiliza un enfoque cualitativo descriptivo con informes de autoevaluación ad hoc de la profesora. Los resultados indican que el tiempo dentro del aula virtual no alcanza en docencia, organización, evaluación, planificación y gestión el 40%. La herramienta más utilizada es “Mensajes Privados” con uso de aplicaciones externas al entorno virtual institucional. El porcentaje de días de uso con respecto al total trabajados es bajo. Se precisa de tutoría virtual incidiendo en la competencia digital docente.
Formación metodológica para la enseñanza bilingüe. Indicadores en Memorias del Practicum
Authors: Sanz Trigueros Francisco Javier , Barranco Izquierdo Natalia , Guillén Díaz Carmen
Published: December 2020

Este estudio cualitativo se ha desarrollado con el objetivo de obtener un diagnóstico de la integración de componentes metodológicos diversos, requerida para implementar los programas de enseñanza bilingüe en Educación Primaria. Se recurre a las Memorias del Practicum que constituyen en la formación inicial de docentes, un lugar de indagación productivo desde su configuración académica. De un contexto institucional significativo, se selecciona la muestra documental no probabilística de 108 Memorias-Informe, correspondientes a la Mención de Lengua Extranjera–Inglés. Aplicando la técnica del análisis de contenido, se accede a lo colectivo experiencial de toma de decisiones metodológicas que recubren dos de sus elementos: la propuesta didáctica y el balance final. Los resultados revelan contradicciones y dificultades que marcan la tendencia a focalizar la integración en dos perspectivas metodológicas; las denominadas estrategias de aprendizaje y aprendizaje colaborativo. Se concluye con indicadores que, traducidos en líneas productivas de formación, aseguran una óptima complementariedad de los componentes metodológicos.
Postraducciones publicitarias de la mujer: las reescrituras alternativas de Rolex
Authors: Rodríguez-Arcos Irene
Published: December 2020

En la era globalizada y de comunicación de masas, los medios y la publicidad crean corrientes de opinión y diseñan estilos de vida a gran escala. Mediante el estudio de campañas publicitarias de la casa Rolex se comprobará en qué medida estos discursos pueden contribuir a fijar una identidad femenina alejada de la representación estereotípica y nociva que se ha venido dando en los últimos años, haciendo que la traducción sirva como herramienta de entrada de ideologías alternativas.
Fluoroscopic evaluation of laryngopharyngeal anatomic variations attributable to head posture in dogs
Authors: Ha Yeunjeong , Kim Jaehwan , Chung Kyungyeon , Yoon Hakyoung , Eom Kidong
Published: December 2020

OBJECTIVE

To fluoroscopically evaluate the effects of head posture and sedation on the laryngopharyngeal anatomic structures in dogs.

ANIMALS

6 clinically normal Beagles (mean age, 6.2 years; mean weight, 10.4 kg).

PROCEDURES

Each dog was sedated and placed in right lateral recumbency, and fluoroscopic examinations were performed with flexed, neutral, and extended head postures (FHP, NHP, and EHP, respectively). During 3 respiratory cycles, the angle between the basisphenoid bone and nasopharyngeal dorsal border (ABN), thickness of the soft palate, diameter of the nasopharyngeal lumen (DNL), overlapping length between the epiglottis and soft palate, and distance between the epiglottis and tympanic bulla (DET) were measured and percentage difference in the DNL (PDNLD) during a respiratory cycle was calculated.

RESULTS

For the FHP, NHP, and EHP, median ABN was 91.50° (interquartile range [IQR], 86.75° to 95.00°), 125.00° (IQR, 124.50° to 125.50°), and 160.00° (IQR, 160.00° to 163.50°), respectively, with no significant differences between ABN and posture angle. For the FHP, median DNL and DET significantly decreased, compared with values for the NHP, and median thickness of the soft palette significantly increased. For the EHP, the minimal DNL and DET significantly increased, and the median overlapping length between the epiglottis and soft palate significantly decreased, compared with values for the NHP. The PDNLD significantly increased and decreased with FHP and EHP, respectively, compared with the PDNLD with NHP. Sedation did not affect upper airway structure changes.

CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE

Results indicated that head posture significantly affected the laryngopharyngeal structures in dogs. Fluoroscopic examination of the upper respiratory tract of a dog should be performed with an NHP to minimize posture-induced changes in measurements.
Perbandingan kecepatan pertumbuhan Escherichia coli non ESBL dengan Escherichia coli ESBL
Authors: Putra Branandito , Dewanti Linda , Wasito Eddy Bagus
Published: December 2020

Abstrak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi perbedaan kecepatan pertumbuhan antara kelompok bakteri Escherichia coli NON ESBL dengan kelompok Escherichia coli ESBL. Jenis dan rancangan penelitian ini adalah penelitian eksperimental. Besar sampel sebanyak 13 isolat bakteri Escherihcia coli. Teknik sampling yang digunakan non random sampling. Variabel dalam penelitian ini meliputi Isolat Escherichia coli, media cair, fotometer, suhu inkubasi. Kecepatan pertumbuhan bakteri Escherichia coli NON ESBL, yaitu 2,206 ± 0,789. Sedangkan kecepatan pertumbuhan bakteri Escherichia coli ESBL, yaitu 1,963 ± 0,674. Nilai signifikasi Uji T sampel independen perbandingan kecepatan pertumbuhan bakteri Escherichia coli NON ESBL dengan kecepatan pertumbuhan bakteri Escherichia coli ESBL (p = 0,257) yang artinya tidak ada perbedaan yang signifikan.Hal tersebut terjadi karena jumlah sampel penelitian yang kurang dari jumlah minimal sampel yang diperlukan.Kata kunci: Escherichia coli, ESBL, Pertumbuhan.Abstract. This study aims to identify a difference of growth’s velocity between NON ESBL Escherichia coli with ESBL Escherichia coli. Type and design of this study was experimental. The sample size was 13 isolate of Escherichia coli. Sampling technique used was non random sampling. Variables in this study were Isolate of Escherichia coli, liquid media, photometer, temperature of incubation. The velocity of growth in NON ESBL Escherichia coli, was 2,206 ± 0,789. Meanwhile, The velocity of growth in ESBL Escherichia coli, was 1,963 ± 0,674. Significant value of T independent sample test  comparison of growth velocity between NON ESBL Escherichia coli  with ESBL Escherichia coli (p =  0,257) which means there’s no different significant. .It happens because an amount of total sample less than minimum standards amount of sample. Keywords: Escherichia coli, ESBL, Growth.
Karakteristik penyakit kulit pada anak di poliklinik kulit dan kelamin RSUP. Dr. M. Djamil Padang periode 2016-2018
Authors: Gustia Rina , Yenny Satya Wydya , Octari Sigya
Published: December 2020

Abstrak. Latar belakang : Penyakit kulit menyebabkan morbiditas yang tinggi, termasuk pada anak. Prevalensi dermatosis pada anak berkisar 34-87,7% dengan pola yang sangat bervariasi dan dipengaruhi oleh banyak faktor. Dampak penyakit kulit ini dapat mempengaruhi kualitas hidup anak.Metode : Penelitian retrospektif deskriptif  dengan  mengambil data dari rekam medis pasien anak dengan umur 1-18 tahun yang berobat ke Poliklinik Kulit dan Kelamin RSUP.Dr. M. Djamil Padang pada periode Januari 2016– Desember 2018. Hasil : Selama 3 tahun didapatkan 277 pasien baru, perempuan 123 (44,4%) dan laki - laki 154 (55,6%). Berdasarkan kelompok  penyakit yang terbanyak adalah dermatitis  (29, 9%), diikuti oleh infeksi jamur (16,9%), infestasi parasit (13, 4%),  infeksi virus (13, 3%), dan infeksi bakteri (6,9%).Kesimpulan:  Penyakit kulit terbanyak terjadi pada anak laki – laki. Infeksi jamur merupakan penyakit kulit paling sering, diikuti oleh infestasi parasit. Infeksi jamur yang sering terjadi adalah pitiriasis versikolor, sedangkan infestasi parasit yang paling sering adalah skabies.              Kata kunci: karakteristik penyakit kulit, anak, penelitian retrospektif Abstrack. Background: Skin disease causes high morbidity, including in children. The prevalence of dermatosis in children ranges from 34 to 87.7% with a pattern that is varied and influenced by many factors. The impact of this skin disease can affect the quality of life of childrenMethod : A descriptive retrospective, which is taking data from the medical records of patients aged 1 - 18 years who seek treatment at Dermatology and Venereology outpatient clinic at RSUP. M. Djamil Padang in the period January 2016 - December 2018.Result : During 3 years,there were 277 new patient which consist of 123 boy  (44.4%) and 154 girl (55.6%). Based on the group of diseases, dermatitis were the most common  disease (29,9%), followed by fungal infection (16.9%), parasit infestations (13,4%), viral infection (13,3%) and bacterial infection (6,9%). Conclusion : Most skin diseases occur in boys. Fungal infections were the most common skin diseases, followed by parasit infestations. The most common fungal infection is pityriasis versicolor, while the most frequent parasit infestation is scabies.Keywords:characterization of skin diseases, children, retrospective study
Cathelicidin, vitamin D3 dan imunitas terhadap tuberkulosis
Authors: Arliny Yunita , Hasan Maryatun
Published: December 2020

Abstrak. Tuberkulosis (TB) merupakan salah satu penyakit infeksi yang menjadi masalah di dunia. Risiko untuk mendapatkan infeksi TB dipengaruhi oleh imunitas alamiah melawan mikobakteria. Peptida antimikroba merupakan salah satu barrier pertahanan alamiah. Cathelicidin adalah suatu peptida anti mikroba yang berperan pada proses imunitas terhadap TB. Cathelicidin Leusin Leusin-37 (LL-37) merupakan satu-satunya cathelicidin yang ada pada manusia dan dapat diekspresikan dari beberapa sel temasuk sel imun. Inducer Cathelicidin yang paling poten adalah 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 yang merupakan bentuk aktif vitamin D 25(OH)D3. Tinjauan pustaka ini membahas tentang cathelicidin, vitamin D3 dam peranannya pada imunitas terhadap TB.Kata kunci: Cathelicidin, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3, vitamin D 25(OH)2D3, imunitas, TuberkulosisAbstract. Tuberculosis is one of the most important infectious diseases worldwide. The susceptibility to this disease depends to great extent on the innate immune response against mycobacteria. Antimicrobial peptides are one of the natural defense barriers. Cathelicidin Leucine Leucine-37 (LL-37) is the only cathelicidin present in humans and synthesized by several cells including immune cells. The most effective inducer of Cathelicidin is 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25(OH)2 D3), which is an active form of vitamin D 25(OH)D3. This review discusses cathelicidin, vitamin D3 and its role in immunity against TBKeywords: Cathelicidin, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3, vitamin D 25(OH)D3, immunity, Tuberkulosis
Perbedaan diagnosis asma, penyakit paru obstruktif kronik dan asthma-COPD overlap syndrome
Authors: Permatasari Dianita , Yanti Budi
Published: December 2020

Abstrak. Penyakit Asma dan PPOK terjadi karena dua mekanisme yang berbeda dan dipicu oleh etiologi dan patogen yang berbeda, keduanya memiliki ciri dan gejala inflamasi jalan nafas dan obstruksi jalan nafas, akan tetapi ada juga penyakit yang memiliki ciri dan gejala asma dan PPOK secara bersamaan. Penyakit ini umumnya dikenal sebagai Asthma-COPD Overlape Syndrome (ACOS). Penyakit ini sering ditemui di klinik dengan manifestasi klinis yang mirip  dengan asma dan PPOK. Meskipun ini belum definit, akan tetapi  di klinik penyakit ini sering ditemui dengan manifestasi fenotipe klinis yang berbeda sehingga perlu untuk memhami beberapa mekanisme mendasar yang berbeda dari penyakit tersebut.  Pada literatur review ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan patogenesis ACOS untuk memahami mekanisme tumpang tindih asma dan PPOK. Kata kunci: asma, PPOK, ACOS. Abstract. Asthma and COPD occur due to two different mechanisms and triggered by different etiologies and pathogens, both asthma and COPD have features and symptoms of airway inflammation and airway obstruction, but some diseases have the characteristics and symptoms of asthma and COPD simultaneously. This disease is commonly known as Asthma-COPD Overlap Syndrome (ACOS) and is often encountered in clinics with the similarity of the clinical manifestations between asthma and COPD. Although this is not definite yet, ACOS  is often appeared by different clinical phenotypic manifestations, so it is necessary to understand some of the different underlying mechanisms of the disease. This literature review aims to explain the differences between Asthma, COPD, and ACOS to understand the overlapping mechanism of these diseases. Keywords: asthma, COPD, ACOS
Kejadian infeksi soil-transmitted helminth pada petani
Authors: Saftarina Fitria , Hasan Maryatun , Suwandi Jhons Fatriyadi , Syani Anisya Yulida
Published: December 2020

Abstrak. Petani memiliki risiko terinfeksi Soil-Transmitted Helminth (STH) akibat sering berkontak langsung dengan tanah yang terkontaminasi oleh telur STH. Tingginya risiko terinfeksi STH pada petani berhubungan dengan perilaku personal hygiene dan pemakaian alat pelindung diri saat bekerja. Tujuan dilakukan penelitian untuk mengetahui angka kejadian infeksi STH dan faktor yang mempengaruhinya. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Kelurahan Pinang Jaya, Lampung. Populasi pada penelitian ini  adalah 63 petani dan sampel dipilih sebanyak 55 petani dengan teknik purposive sampling. Data diperoleh dengan pemeriksaan feses, pengisian kuesioner, dan observasi. Data dianalisis dengan menggunakan α =5%.  Hasil penelitian didapatkan prevalensi STH pada petani sebanyak 40% dengan jenis telur cacing  A.lumbricoides (22,7%), cacing tambang (59,1%), dan  terinfeksi keduanya (18,2%). Sebagian besar personal hygiene petani baik (63,6%) dan sebagian besar petani tidak lengkap menggunakan APD (69,1%). Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa personal hygiene dan penggunaan APD berhubungan terhadap kejadian STH (pα). Diperlukan edukasi kepada petani untuk dapat meningkatkan personal hygiene dan menggunakan alas kaki untuk melindungi diri dari risiko STH. Keyword:  infeksi Soil Transmited Helminth, petani Abstract. Farmers have the risk of being infected with STH due to frequent direct contact with the soil which contaminated by STH eggs. The high risk of STH infection among farmers is related to personal hygiene behavior and the use of personal protective equipment while working. The purpose of this study is to determine the prevalence of STH and the factors that influence it. The study was conducted in Pinang Jaya Village, Lampung. The population in this study was 63 farmers and a sample of 55 farmers was selected by purposive sampling technique. Data obtained by stool examination, filling out questionnaires, and observing. Data were analyzed using α = 5%. The results showed that the prevalence of STH among farmers was 40% with A. lumbricoides eggs (22.7%), hookworms (59.1%), and both infected (18.2%). Most of the farmers' personal hygiene was good (63.6%) and most farmers did not completely use PPE (69.1%). The results of the analysis showed that personal hygiene and the use of PPE were related to the incidence of STH (p α. Education is needed for farmers to improve personal hygiene and use footwear to protect themselves from the risks of STH. Keywords: Soil Transmited Helminth  infection, personal hygiene, farmers
Evaluation factors in semantic mechanisms of manipulation (in italian)
Authors: Pogoretskaya O. A.
Published: December 2020

The aim of the article is to analyze the manipulative potential of the modern Italian-speaking media space in terms of creating a negative image of Russia as an international player. The sources of language material for the analysis are two authoritative Italian publications − Internazionale newspaper and Formiche.net Internet portal − characterized by the exclusively analytical content of articles and expert comments in the field of international relations and geopolitics, the authors of which are able to significantly influence the readership. The methodological apparatus includes a descriptive method and a method of semantic and syntactic analysis of linguistic units with a manipulative potential. From a pragmatic point of view, examples of evaluation predicates used by the Italian mass media to inform the reader about the actions of the Russian Federation are given. The article may be of interest to linguistic researchers dealing with romance studies, political linguistics, as well as to political scientists interested in Russian-Italian relations.
Linguoculturological aspect of composites translation from german into russian
Authors: Kashenkova I. S.
Published: December 2020

The article highlights some features of German newspaper texts and related difficulties in translating them into Russian. The topicality of this study is explained by various linguistic and extralinguistic factors. The newspaper text should provide information in an understandable and accessible language form. However, in an effort to produce a greater effect on the reader, as well as to accommodate the maximum amount of information in a compressed form, journalists resort to special techniques to influence the reader, which, in particular, include the use of composites. The main purpose of the article is to remove some of the difficulties of translating composites in the German newspaper text, caused by implicit evaluation or background information (Trümmerfrau, Teflonkanzlerin, N-Wort), which requires additional “decryption” of the overall semantic meaning of the composite. To this end, the article analyzes the specifics of the German newspaper text, establishes the most active types of composites in German newspaper texts. The increased number of complex nouns in German newspaper texts is specified on the principle of linguistic economy, which is intrinsic to German communicative style, and German word formation. Options for translating rather difficult composites into Russian are offered. Attention is drawn to the transfer of the cultural specifics of the original when using lexico-grammatical transformations to preserve the semantic load of the original and its adequate translation. It is concluded that it is necessary to take into account the cultural specifics of composites in the German newspaper text when translating them into Russian.
Balaios de plantas e animais
Authors: Medeiros da Silva Francini , Shock Myrtle Pearl , Prestes Carneiro Gabriela
Published: December 2020

O crescente número de pesquisas em arqueobotânica e zooarqueologia tem evidenciado a importância dessas subdisciplinas no contexto das pesquisas sobre a ocupação humana no Brasil, principalmente para o estudo de como as populações utilizaram, manejaram e domesticaram plantas e animais ao longo do tempo. Por outro lado, essa realidade não é acompanhada por publicações sobre a conservação desses vestígios, que requer cuidados específicos em razão de sua natureza orgânica e da ação dos diferentes processos de degradação. Assim, este artigo tem por objetivo apresentar práticas empregadas na conservação de macrovestígios botânicos e faunísticos, incluindo desde sua recuperação em campo até o seu acondicionamento final, que possam ser aplicadas em diferentes contextos arqueológicos.
Pluralidade dos acervos epistêmicos na Amazônia
Authors: Jácome Camila , Rapp Py-Daniel Anne , Prestes-Carneiro Gabriela , Shock Myrtle Pearl , Moraes Claide de Paula , Amaral Márcio , Sá Leitão Barboza Myrian , Rocha Bruna , Oliveira Vinicius Honorato de , Santos Pinto Elaine dos
Published: December 2020

Os acervos arqueológicos constituem relevante patrimônio e fonte de estudo, imprescindíveis para compreensão do legado histórico e cultural promovido pelas sociedades pretéritas e presentes. A gestão desses acervos extrapola a curadoria, implicando compromissos éticos, políticos, educacionais e científicos junto às diferentes comunidades. Nesse cenário, o Laboratório de Arqueologia Curt Nimuendajú da UFOPA (Santarém, PA) possui conformação especial devido à sua localização e por ser acessado por diferentes pessoas, incluindo povos indígenas e tradicionais. O laboratório atua como um lugar de conexão geracional e de pluralidade de saberes. Com base nessas peculiaridades, apresentamos o seu histórico de criação e constituição de suas coleções, além dos desafios inerentes ao seu processo de gestão.
Acervos arqueológicos
Authors: Bruno Maria Cristina Oliveira
Published: December 2020

A abordagem sobre acervos arqueológicos, neste texto, está pautada pela problematização referente à longevidade dos acervos e suas implicações histórico-culturais para as sociedades que são responsáveis pelas suas constituições, manutenções e preservações, com projeção especial sobre algumas questões brasileiras na contemporaneidade e ainda no que corresponde às responsabilidades curatoriais.
Duas leis, um museu
Authors: Bombonato Rebeca Ribeiro
Published: December 2020

A legislação patrimonial norte-americana possui diversas especificidades. Uma lei de grande importância e relevância no cenário nacional tratou, em 1989, da instalação de um museu voltado para a divulgação e pesquisa da história de comunidades nativo-americanas, o National Museum of the American Indian, que faz parte da Smithsonian Institution. A lei de criação do museu também estabelece os critérios para a repatriação de remanescentes humanos e objetos funerários presentes nas coleções adquiridas para a formação do museu. Com base no NMAIA (National Museum of the American Indian Act), uma segunda lei foi aprovada no ano seguinte, o NAGPRA (Native American Graves Protection and Repatriation Act). De abrangência nacional, o NAGPRA tornou-se uma das legislações patrimoniais mais importantes e conhecidas do mundo.
Desafios e estratégias para a gestão de coleções de remanescentes humanos na Amazônia
Authors: Stabile Rafael Amaral , Rapp Py-Daniel Anne , Santos Coutinho Aline dos , Costa Leite Lúcio Flávio , Pereira Daiane
Published: December 2020

Neste texto destacamos a situação das coleções formadas por remanescentes de corpos humanos recuperados de contextos arqueológicos na Amazônia. Os desafios de conservação e acondicionamento desses acervos se relacionam tanto a fatores técnicos quanto a prática arqueológica em si. Através do histórico de pesquisa dos remanescentes humanos do sítio Curiaú Mirim – I, AP, desde sua escavação até a recente revisão dos processos curatoriais, desejamos observar problemas comuns a instituições e coleções na Amazônia. As soluções e reflexões apresentadas, embora não esgotem o problema, apontam para a importância dos processos curatoriais para a gestão desses acervos. Ademais, debatemos a necessidade de profissionais especializados, de abordagens mais éticas sobre materiais sensíveis e de fortalecimento das redes de colaboração entre pessoas e instituições.
Presença/ausência de museus na Amazônia Marajoara
Authors: Costa Eliane Miranda
Published: December 2020

O texto trata da presença/ausência de museus na Amazônia Marajoara e discute a salvaguarda e gestão do patrimônio arqueológico nos municípios de Breves e Portel, estado do Pará. A análise dos dados revela que no Marajó museus não se reduzem a instituições. Devem ser entendidos como espaços dinâmicos caracterizados pelas paisagens, sítios arqueológicos e o ambiente. Nos municípios estudados verifica-se que não há uma política de proteção/gestão do patrimônio arqueológico. Mas, há diferentes pessoas praticando processos singulares para formar coleções, proteger e até gerir tal patrimônio. Todavia, a exploração do território é uma ameaça constante a esse patrimônio, daí sugerirmos a formação de Ecomuseus como tática de proteção/gestão do bem arqueológico e espaço de reflexão e produção de conhecimento.
IL-10-592 A/C Gene Polymorphism and Cytokine Levels are Associated with Susceptibility to Drug Resistance in Tuberculosis
Authors: SADEGHI SHERMEH Atefeh , KHOSHMIRSAFA Majid , DELBANDI Ali-Akbar , TABARSI Payam , MORTAZ Esmaeil , BOLOURI Mohammad Reza , ALIPOUR FAYEZ Elham , SEIF Farhad , SHEKARABI Mehdi
Published: December 2020

Introduction: Tuberculosis (TB) and especially resistant forms of it have a substantial economic burden on the community health system for diagnosis and treatment each year. Thus, investigation of this field is a priority for the world health organization (WHO). Cytokines play important roles in the relationship between the immune system and tuberculosis. Genetic variations especially single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) impact cytokine levels and function against TB. Material and Methods: In this research SNPs in IFN-γ (+874 T/A) and IL-10 (-592 A/C) genes, and the effects of these SNPs on cytokine levels in a total of 87 tuberculosis patients and 100 healthy controls (HCs) were studied. TB patients divided into two groups: 1) 67 drug-sensitive (DS-TB) and 2) 20 drug-resistant (DR-TB) according to drug sensitivity test using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). For the genotyping of two SNPs, the PCR-based method was used and IFN-γ and IL-10 levels were measured by ELISA in pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) and control group. Results: In -592A/C SNP, only two genotypes (AA, AC) were observed and both genotypes showed statistically significant differences between DR-TB and HCs (p=0.011). IL-10 serum levels in PTB patients were higher than HCs (p=0.02). The serum levels of IFN-γ were significantly higher in DS-TB patients than that of the other two groups (p<0.001); however, no significant differences were observed for allele and genotype frequencies in IFN-γ +874. Conclusions: Our results suggest that the SNP at -592 position of IL-10 gene may be associated with the susceptibility to DR-TB. However, further investigation is necessary. Keywords: Polymorphism, IFN-γ, IL-10, tuberculosis, drug-resistant tuberculosis
Talasemi Majör Hastalarında Kök Hücre Transplantasyonu Sonrası Immün Yeniden Yapılanmanın Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: ERMAN Baran , ADAKLI AKSOY Başak
Published: December 2020

Introduction: Beta‐thalassemia (β‐TM) is one of the most common, autosomal recessive inherited hematologic disorder in the world. Since hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is the only curative treatment, determination of cellular immune reconstitution is crucial for understanding of a successful clinical outcome. Here, we evaluated lymphoid reconstitution in pediatric patients with thalassemia major after stem cell transplantation. Material and Methods: The study included 20 patients with beta‐thalassemia major who underwent HSCT. We assessed the clinical and laboratory information of the patients retrospectively. Results: After one year from transplantation, all patients were alive and blood transfusion independent. CD4+ T cell recovery was poor and CD4/CD8 ratio was impaired in the vast majority of the patients. Percentages and absolute counts of the other lymphoid cells generally reached the normal levels within 12 months. Seventeen patients had full donor chimerism while only 3 of 20 had low chimerism levels ranging between 55–86%. Conclusion: Although a successful clinical course and immune reconstitution were observed, the patients should be followed up carefully. Because, the poor engraftment of CD4+ T lymphocytes may lead severe infections in the patients. Keywords: beta‐thalassemia, stem cell transplantation, immune reconstitution
Cytokine Secretion and Proliferative Capacity of CD4+ T Cells in Delayed Type Hypersensitivity Reactions due to Ciprofloxacin
Authors: ERTEK Belkıs , DEMİR Semra , KÜÇÜKSEZER Umut Can , ÖZYİĞİT Leyla Pur , GELİNCİK Aslı , BÜYÜKÖZTÜRK Suna , DENİZ Günnur , AKTAŞ ÇETİN Esin
Published: December 2020

Introduction: Ciprofloxacin (CPFX), a frequently prescribed quinolone, may induce cutaneous adverse drug reactions. Delayed type hypersensitivity reactions (DTHR) are often difficult to deal with, therefore, in vitro testing for DTHR is the long-anticipated method for their management. This study aimed to evaluate potential value of lymphocyte transformation test (LTT) and intracellular cytokine secretion of drug stimulated CD4+ T cells in patients with DTHR against ciprofloxacin. Material and Methods: Patients experienced DTHR with CPFX (n=8) and healthy subjects (n=10) were enrolled. CPFX skin prick, patch and intradermal tests were performed. LTT by flow cytometry aimed to determine CPFXspecific CD4+ T cell proliferation. Intracellular IL-4, IL-10, IL-2 & IFN-γ levels were analysed by flow cytometry in CPFX-specific CD4+ T cells. Cytokine contents of cell culture supernatants were evaluated by ELISA. Results: In patients with DTHR, 5 and 10 μg/mL CPFX induced significant CD4+ T cell proliferation (p=0.014 and p=0.05, respectively). IL-2 (p=0.02, p=0.001 and p=0.001, respectively) and IL-4 (p=0.001) secreting CD4+ T cell percentages were increased, while IFN-γ+ (p=0.001, p=0.011 and p=0.012, respectively) and IL-10+ (p=0.001, p=0.001 and p=0.002, respectively) CD4+ T cells were decreased. The cell culture supernatants revealed downregulated IL-10 (p<0.000, p=0.004, p=0.001 and p=0.0001, respectively) and upregulated IL-4 levels (p=0.003, p=0.013 and p=0.0001, respectively) in patients, regardless of CPFX stimulation. Intradermal test was positive in only one patient while all patch tests remained negative. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that the increase of IL-2 and IL-4-secreting CD4+ T cells together with the decrease of IL-10 and IFN-γ-secreting CD4+ T cells is related to DTHR seen in patients with delayed-type CPFX allergy. Intracellular cytokine measurement, together with LTT could ease the management of CPFX hypersensitivity when in vivo tests are non-available, remain inconclusive or negative. Keywords: Allergy, CD4+ T cells, ciprofloxacin, hypersensitivity, intracellular cytokine, LTT
Teen and Social Violence in Cinema: Construction of Teen Identity in Film Dilan 1990
Authors: Komalawati Euis
Published: December 2020

Dilan 1990 is a teenage film with the highest number of viewers in 2018, which reached 6,315,664.  The success of  Dilan 1990 is inseparable  from the culture industry's strength, which can mobilize public interest through reliable publication and marketing. The success of the film Dilan carrying the characters of Dilan and Milea as teen idols raises concerns about the identity of adolescents who are laden with violent symbols. This is because the content and theme of the story in the 1990s were constructed with Dilan's character, who liked to fight. For this reason, this study aims to analyze the construction of adolescent identity and social violence in the 1990 Dilan film. This research method uses a qualitative approach with an interpretative paradigm. Data Analysis Method uses narrative analysis of film subtitles with the Vladimir Propp analysis model. The unit of analysis in this study is the film Dilan 1990 (2018). Data collection techniques are conducted with text analysis, literature study, observation, and documents. This study concludes that social violence among adolescents is constructed in the cinema through adolescents' identity, both verbal violence and physical violence in the school environment and outside of school. Young men carry out social violence to young women who describe gender inequality, which refers to social violence due to cultural factors.
The Development of the Digital Economy in Vietnam
Authors: Ha Nguyen Thi Vu
Published: December 2020

By 2020, the global economy is in decline in every sector except for the digital economy. The core of the digital economy is the digital sector (IT/ICT). However, the scope of the digital economy is even broader than that, encompassing a set of emerging digital business models such as digital services, the platform economy, the sharing economy, and more. Recently, the digital economy has had a high growth rate and is widely applied to other economic fields, especially in the period of COVID-19. This article aims to analyze the current situation of Vietnam's digital economy development through five key pillars: i) digital infrastructure; ii) digital platforms; iii) digital financial services; iv) digital entrepreneurship, and v) digital skills. Based  on these assessments, the paper gives some recommendations for Vietnam in developing a digital economy.
Penggunaan D-Optimal Mixture Design untuk Optimasi dan Formulasi Self-Nano Emulsifying Drug Delivery System (SNEEDS) Asam Mefenamat
Authors: Syukri Yandi , Nugroho Bambang Hernawan , Istanti Istanti
Published: December 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melakukan optimasi formulasi asam mefenamat yang sukar larut dalam air dalam bentuk sediaan Self-Nano Emulsifying Drug Delivery System (SNEDDS) menggunakan D-optimal mixture design. Skrining awal dilakukan untuk menentukan fase minyak, surfaktan dan ko-surfaktan yang akan digunakan untuk pembuatan diagram fase terner. D-optimal mixture design digunakan untuk mengoptimasi SNEDDS asam mefenamat dengan memilih komposisi SNEDDS sebagai faktor independent dan karakterisasi SNEDDS sebagai respons. Karakterisasi SNEDDS pada formula optimal meliputi transmitan, ukuran partikel, polidispersity index (PDI) dan zeta potensial. Asam oleat, Tween 80, dan polietilenglikol (PEG) 400 merupakan fase minyak, surfaktan, dan ko-surfaktan yang terpilih karena memiliki kemampuan paling tinggi dalam melarutkan asam mefenamat. Hasil optimasi menunjukkan bahwa formula optimal diperoleh pada komposisi 10% asam oleat, 80% Tween 80 dan 10% PEG 400. SNEDDS asam mefenamat tersebut menghasilkan nanoemulsi dengan transmitan 88,5%, ukuran partikel 190,03 ± 1,18 nm, PDI 0,469 ± 0,03, dan zeta potensial -44,1 ± 1,69 mV. Studi ini menyimpulkan bahwa D-optimal mixture design dapat digunakan untuk mengoptimasi dan formulasi SNEDDS asam mefenamat yang sukar larut dalam air.
İkinci mertebeden Benjamin-Ono denkleminin korunum kanunları yardımıyla çift indirgemesi ve tam çözümleri
Authors: SAĞLAM ÖZKAN Yeşim
Published: December 2020

Bu çalışmada, ilk kez tabakalı sıvılardaki iç dalgaları tanımlamak için sunulan Benjamin-Ono denklemini ele alınmıştır. Lie nokta simetrileri ve yerel korunum vektörleri arasındaki ilişkiyi kullanarak hem değişken sayısında hem de denklemin mertebesinde bir indirgeme elde edilmiştir. İndirgenen denkleme yardımcı denklem metodu başarılı bir şekilde uygulanmş ve farklı tipte çözümler elde edilmiştir. Ayrıca çözümlerdeki parametrelerin özel değerleri için bazı grafik temsilleri verilmiştir.