bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Longitudinal associations between energy utilization and brain volumes in cognitively normal middle aged and older adults
Authors: Qiao Yujia , Wanigatunga Amal A. , An Yang , Liu Fangyu , Spira Adam P. , Davatzikos Christos , Tian Qu , Simonsick Eleanor M. , Ferrucci Luigi , Resnick Susan M. , Schrack Jennifer A.
Published: April 2022

Peak energy capacity of the whole person is associated with neurodegeneration. However, change in ability to utilize energy manifests as combination of declining peak energy capacity and rising energetic costs of mobility in mid-to-late life. We examined longitudinal associations between change in energy utilization and brain volumes. Cognitively normal participants from the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging (N = 703, age = 70.4 ± 12.1 years, 54.1% women, 30% black) had concurrent data on brain volumes and energy utilization (defined as ratio of energetic cost of walking to peak energy capacity (“cost-to-capacity ratio”) at ≥ 1 visit between 2008 and 2018. We performed linear mixed-effect models, adjusting for demographics, medical history and walking engagement. Average baseline cost-to-capacity ratio was 0.55 ± 0.16, with average annual increase of 0.04 ± 0.13 over 3.9 follow-up years. A 10% higher baseline cost-to-capacity ratio was associated with 2.00 cm3 (SE = 0.44) larger baseline ventricular volume (p < 0.001), and 0.10 cm3 (SE = 0.03) greater annual increase in ventricular volume (p = 0.004) after adjustment. Longitudinal change in cost-to-capacity ratio was not associated with brain volumes. These findings highlight, among cognitive-normal adults, poorer baseline energy utilization is associated with subsequent ventricular enlargement, an indirect measure of central brain atrophy. Future studies should explore whether early detection of worsening energy utilization may act as a marker of underlying brain atrophy.
The association between hypomagnesemia and poor glycaemic control in type 1 diabetes is limited to insulin resistant individuals
Authors: Oost Lynette J. , van Heck Julia I. P. , Tack Cees J. , de Baaij Jeroen H. F.
Published: April 2022

In a cohort of adults with type 1 diabetes, we examined the prevalence of hypomagnesemia and the correlation of serum magnesium levels with metabolic determinants, such as glycaemic control (as HbA1c), inflammatory markers and circulating cytokines. Furthermore, we assessed if a surrogate for insulin resistance is essential for the possible association of serum magnesium with metabolic determinants. Individuals with type 1 diabetes, aged above 18 years, were included and clinical characteristics were obtained from questionnaires and clinical records. In venous blood samples we measured cytokines and adipose-tissue specific secretion proteins. Serum magnesium concentrations were measured and correlated with clinical data and laboratory measurements using univariate and multivariate regression models. Hierarchical multiple regression of serum magnesium with insulin resistance was adjusted for diabetes and potential magnesium confounders. The prevalence of hypomagnesemia (serum magnesium levels < 0.7 mmol/L) was 2.9% in a cohort consisting of 241 individuals with type 1 diabetes. The magnesium concentration in the cohort was not associated with HbA1c (r = − 0.12, P-value = 0.068) nor with any inflammatory marker or adipokine. However, insulin dose (IU/kg), a surrogate measure of resistance in type 1 diabetes, moderated the association of serum magnesium (mmol/L) with HbA1c (mmol/mol) with a B coefficient of − 71.91 (95% CI: − 119.11; -24.71), P-value = 0.003) and Log10 high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (Log10 mg/L) − 2.09 (95% CI: − 3.70; − 0.48), P-value = 0.011). The association of low serum magnesium levels with glycaemic control (HbA1c) and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein in individuals with type 1 diabetes is limited to subjects using a high insulin dose and suggests that insulin resistance, a type 2 diabetes feature, is a prerequisite for hypomagnesemia.
ENSO influence on Bay of Bengal cyclogenesis confined to low latitudes
Authors: Roose Shinto , Ajayamohan R. S. , Ray Pallav , Mohan P. Reshmi , Mohanakumar K.
Published: April 2022

The low-latitudinal cyclones (LLCs, originating between 5°N–10°N) constitute ≈40% of tropical cyclones (TCs) formed in the Bay of Bengal (BoB). We investigate the interannual variability of post-monsoonal (October to December) BoB LLCs and their teleconnection with El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD). It is found that the years with the fewer number of BoB LLCs are associated with anomalous equatorial easterlies that are largely connected with the El Niño and positive IOD. Likewise, equatorial westerly phases, often associated with the La Niña and negative IOD years, favour the LLC formation by providing the initial spin-up required for cyclogenesis. This teleconnection between ENSO/IOD and BoB TC frequency is confined in the low-latitudinal region with little influence for cyclogenesis north of 10°N during ENSO and IOD except during negative IOD. These results may help extend the lead time and improve the seasonal prediction of BoB TCs.
Intraseasonal variability of global land monsoon precipitation and its recent trend
Authors: Liu Fei , Wang Bin , Ouyang Yu , Wang Hui , Qiao Shaobo , Chen Guosen , Dong Wenjie
Published: April 2022

Accurate prediction of global land monsoon rainfall on a sub-seasonal (2–8 weeks) time scale has become a worldwide demand. Current forecasts of weekly-mean rainfall in most monsoon regions, however, have limited skills beyond two weeks, calling for a more profound understanding of monsoon intraseasonal variability (ISV). We show that the high-frequency (HF; 8–20 days) ISV, crucial for the Week 2 and Week 3 predictions, accounts for about 53–70% of the total (8–70 days) ISV, generally dominating the sub-seasonal predictability of various land monsoons, while the low-frequency (LF; 20–70 days)’s contribution is comparable to HF only over Australia (AU; 47%), South Asia (SA; 43%), and South America (SAM; 40%). The leading modes of HFISVs in Northern Hemisphere (NH) monsoons primarily originate from different convectively coupled equatorial waves, while from mid-latitude wave trains for Southern Hemisphere (SH) monsoons and East Asian (EA) monsoon. The Madden-Julian Oscillation (MJO) directly regulates LFISVs in Asian-Australian monsoon and affects American and African monsoons by exciting Kelvin waves and mid-latitude teleconnections. During the past four decades, the HF (LF) ISVs have considerably intensified over Asian (Asian-Australian) monsoon but weakened over American (SAM) monsoon. Sub-seasonal to seasonal (S2S) prediction models exhibit higher sub-seasonal prediction skills over AU, SA, and SAM monsoons that have larger LFISV contributions than other monsoons. These results suggest an urgent need to improve the simulation of convectively coupled equatorial waves and two-way interactions between regional monsoon ISVs and mid-latitude processes and between MJO and regional monsoons, especially under the global warming scenarios.
Changes in Hadley circulation and intertropical convergence zone under strategic stratospheric aerosol geoengineering
Authors: Cheng Wei , MacMartin Douglas G. , Kravitz Ben , Visioni Daniele , Bednarz Ewa M. , Xu Yangyang , Luo Yong , Huang Lei , Hu Yongyun , Staten Paul W. , Hitchcock Peter , Moore John C. , Guo Anboyu , Deng Xiangzheng
Published: April 2022

Stratospheric aerosol geoengineering has been proposed as a potential solution to reduce climate change and its impacts. Here, we explore the responses of the Hadley circulation (HC) intensity and the intertropical convergence zone (ITCZ) using the strategic stratospheric aerosol geoengineering, in which sulfur dioxide was injected into the stratosphere at four different locations to maintain the global-mean surface temperature and the interhemispheric and equator-to-pole temperature gradients at present-day values (baseline). Simulations show that, relative to the baseline, strategic stratospheric aerosol geoengineering generally maintains northern winter December–January–February (DJF) HC intensity under RCP8.5, while it overcompensates for the greenhouse gas (GHG)-forced southern winter June–July–August (JJA) HC intensity increase, producing a 3.5 ± 0.4% weakening. The residual change of southern HC intensity in JJA is mainly associated with stratospheric heating and tropospheric temperature response due to enhanced stratospheric aerosol concentrations. Geoengineering overcompensates for the GHG-driven northward ITCZ shifts, producing 0.7° ± 0.1° and 0.2° ± 0.1° latitude southward migrations in JJA and DJF, respectively relative to the baseline. These migrations are affected by tropical interhemispheric temperature differences both at the surface and in the free troposphere. Further strategies for reducing the residual change of HC intensity and ITCZ shifts under stratospheric aerosol geoengineering could involve minimizing stratospheric heating and restoring and preserving the present-day tropical tropospheric interhemispheric temperature differences.
Increasing atmospheric dust transport towards the western Mediterranean over 1948–2020
Authors: Salvador Pedro , Pey Jorge , Pérez Noemí , Querol Xavier , Artíñano Begoña
Published: April 2022

In this study, global reanalysis dataset fields of meteorological parameters (temperature and geopotential height at different atmospheric levels) in the period 1948–2020, were used to characterize the main dynamic and thermodynamic features of African dust outbreaks (ADO) produced over regions of the Iberian Peninsula and the Balearic Islands. The record of ADO previously identified with a tried-and-true procedure in 8 different areas of this domain in the period 2001–2020 and the data sets of dust load contributions estimated for all ADO days in each region, were used to check our results. Thus, we demonstrated that air masses of African origin produced a significant increase in the levels of certain thermodynamic variables (geopotential thickness in the 1000–500 hPa layer (GT), mean potential temperature between 925 and 700 hPa (TPOT), and temperature anomalies at 850 hPa (TANOM)) over the regions of study, especially when particular synoptic-scale atmospheric circulation types (CT) occurred. Moreover, higher levels of the three thermodynamic parameters resulted in events with higher contributions of dust load to the regional background levels of PM10 in all regions. Finally, we obtained a statistically significant upward trend for days under ADO CT and their associated daily mean values of GT, TPOT and TANOM from 1948 to 2020. These results point to an increase in the frequency of air mass transport from North Africa to the western Mediterranean basin and on the intensity of the ADO produced as a consequence of this transport, over 1948–2020.
Inter-individual variation in objective measure of reactogenicity following COVID-19 vaccination via smartwatches and fitness bands
Authors: Quer Giorgio , Gadaleta Matteo , Radin Jennifer M. , Andersen Kristian G. , Baca-Motes Katie , Ramos Edward , Topol Eric J. , Steinhubl Steven R.
Published: April 2022

The ability to identify who does or does not experience the intended immune response following vaccination could be of great value in not only managing the global trajectory of COVID-19 but also helping guide future vaccine development. Vaccine reactogenicity can potentially lead to detectable physiologic changes, thus we postulated that we could detect an individual’s initial physiologic response to a vaccine by tracking changes relative to their pre-vaccine baseline using consumer wearable devices. We explored this possibility using a smartphone app-based research platform that enabled volunteers (39,701 individuals) to share their smartwatch data, as well as self-report, when appropriate, any symptoms, COVID-19 test results, and vaccination information. Of 7728 individuals who reported at least one vaccination dose, 7298 received an mRNA vaccine, and 5674 provided adequate data from the peri-vaccine period for analysis. We found that in most individuals, resting heart rate (RHR) increased with respect to their individual baseline after vaccination, peaked on day 2, and returned to normal by day 6. This increase in RHR was greater than one standard deviation above individuals’ normal daily pattern in 47% of participants after their second vaccine dose. Consistent with other reports of subjective reactogenicity following vaccination, we measured a significantly stronger effect after the second dose relative to the first, except those who previously tested positive to COVID-19, and a more pronounced increase for individuals who received the Moderna vaccine. Females, after the first dose only, and those aged <40 years, also experienced a greater objective response after adjusting for possible confounding factors. These early findings show that it is possible to detect subtle, but important changes from an individual’s normal as objective evidence of reactogenicity, which, with further work, could prove useful as a surrogate for vaccine-induced immune response.
GATA3 and MDM2 are synthetic lethal in estrogen receptor-positive breast cancers
Authors: Bianco Gaia , Coto-Llerena Mairene , Gallon John , Kancherla Venkatesh , Taha-Mehlitz Stephanie , Marinucci Mattia , Konantz Martina , Srivatsa Sumana , Montazeri Hesam , Panebianco Federica , Tirunagaru Vijaya G. , De Menna Marta , Paradiso Viola , Ercan Caner , Dahmani Ahmed , Montaudon Elodie , Beerenwinkel Niko , Kruithof-de Julio Marianna , Terracciano Luigi M. , Lengerke Claudia , Jeselsohn Rinath M. , Doebele Robert C. , Bidard François-Clément , Marangoni Elisabetta , Ng Charlotte K. Y. , Piscuoglio Salvatore
Published: April 2022

Synthetic lethal interactions, where the simultaneous but not individual inactivation of two genes is lethal to the cell, have been successfully exploited to treat cancer.GATA3is frequently mutated in estrogen receptor (ER)-positive breast cancers and its deficiency defines a subset of patients with poor response to hormonal therapy and poor prognosis. However, GATA3 is not yet targetable. Here we show thatGATA3andMDM2are synthetically lethal in ER-positive breast cancer. Depletion and pharmacological inhibition of MDM2 significantly impaired tumor growth inGATA3-deficient models in vitro, in vivo and in patient-derived organoids/xenograft (PDOs/PDX) harboringGATA3somatic mutations. The synthetic lethality requires p53 and acts via the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway. Our results present MDM2 as a therapeutic target in the substantial cohort of ER-positive,GATA3-mutant breast cancer patients. With MDM2 inhibitors widely available, our findings can be rapidly translated into clinical trials to evaluate in-patient efficacy.
Biomass partitioning of plants under soil pollution stress
Authors: Delerue Florian , Scattolin Mathieu , Atteia Olivier , Cohen Gregory J. V. , Franceschi Michel , Mench Michel
Published: April 2022

Polluted sites are ubiquitous worldwide but how plant partition their biomass between different organs in this context is unclear. Here, we identified three possible drivers of biomass partitioning in our controlled study along pollution gradients: plant size reduction (pollution effect) combined with allometric scaling between organs; early deficit in root surfaces (pollution effect) inducing a decreased water uptake; increased biomass allocation to roots to compensate for lower soil resource acquisition consistent with the optimal partitioning theory (plant response). A complementary meta-analysis showed variation in biomass partitioning across published studies, with grass and woody species having distinct modifications of their root: shoot ratio. However, the modelling of biomass partitioning drivers showed that single harvest experiments performed in previous studies prevent identifying the main drivers at stake. The proposed distinction between pollution effects and plant response will help to improve our knowledge of plant allocation strategies in the context of pollution.
Med23 supports angiogenesis and maintains vascular integrity through negative regulation of angiopoietin2 expression
Authors: Yang Yenan , Xiao Qi , Yin Jingwen , Li Chonghui , Yu Decai , He Yulong , Yang Zhongzhou , Wang Gang
Published: April 2022

The mammalian Mediator complex consists of over 30 subunits and functions as a transcriptional hub integrating signaling for tissue-specific gene expression. Although the role of the Mediator complex in transcription has been extensively investigated, the functions of distinct Mediator subunits in development are not well understood. Here, we dissected the role of the Mediator subunit Med23 in mouse cardiovascular development. Endothelial-specific Med23 deletion caused embryonic lethality before embryonic day 13.5 (E13.5). The mutant embryos exhibited intracranial hemorrhage and diminished angiogenesis with dilated blood vessels in the head region, where the expression of Med23 was abundant at E10.5. Med23 deficiency impaired vasculogenesis in the head region and impeded retinal angiogenesis. Knocking down Med23 in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) resulted in angiogenic defects, recapitulating the vascular defects in Med23-mutant mice in a cell-autonomous manner. RNA sequencing in HUVECs indicated that Med23 deficiency resulted in the interruption of angiogenesis and the upregulation of angiopoietin2 (Ang2), an inducing factor for vascular network instability. Inhibition of Ang2 partially rescued angiogenic sprouting and lumen dilation defects in tube formation assays. Collectively, our findings demonstrate that Med23 promotes angiogenesis and maintains vascular integrity, in part by suppressing Ang2 signaling.
Piezoelectric energy harvesting using mechanical metamaterials and phononic crystals
Authors: Lee Geon , Lee Dongwoo , Park Jeonghoon , Jang Yeongtae , Kim Miso , Rho Junsuk
Published: April 2022

Mechanical metamaterials and phononic crystals enable localizing, focusing, and guiding of elastic or acoustic waves in various ways. Here, we describe the physical mechanisms underpinning wave manipulation and then review the most recent energy harvesting methods for converting localized mechanical wave energy to useable electrical energy. Due to the exceptional wave-matter interactions enabled by the man-made structures, energy is collected more efficiently than through conventional methods. Artificially designed mechanical structures are versatile, especially when used in renewable and ecologically-benign energy transformation, and have a wide array of potential applications.
Identifying chemically similar multiphase nanoprecipitates in compositionally complex non-equilibrium oxides via machine learning
Authors: Mao Keyou S. , Gerczak Tyler J. , Harp Jason M. , McKinney Casey S. , Lach Timothy G. , Karakoc Omer , Nelson Andrew T. , Terrani Kurt A. , Parish Chad M. , Edmondson Philip D.
Published: April 2022

Characterizing oxide nuclear fuels is difficult due to complex fission products, which result from time-evolving system chemistry and extreme operating environments. Here, we report a machine learning-enhanced approach that accelerates the characterization of spent nuclear fuels and improves the accuracy of identifying nanophase fission products and bubbles. We apply this approach to commercial, high-burnup, irradiated light-water reactor fuels, demonstrating relationships between fission product precipitates and gases. We also gain understanding of the fission versus decay pathways of precipitates across the radius of a fuel pellet. An algorithm is provided for quantifying the chemical segregation of the fission products with respect to the high-burnup structure, which enhances our ability to process large amounts of microscopy data, including approaching the atomistic-scale. This may provide a faster route for achieving physics-based fuel performance modeling.
Chitosan oligosaccharides exert neuroprotective effectsviamodulating the PI3K/Akt/Bcl-2 pathway in a Parkinsonian model
Authors: Wang Bin , Wang Ling , Qu Yufei , Lu Jingyu , Xia Wenshui
Published: April 2022

Chitosan oligosaccharides relieve motor deficits in Parkinson's disease mice exposed to the neurotoxin MPTP.
Exploring seebeck-coefficient fluctuations in endohedral-fullerene, single-molecule junctions
Authors: Ismael Ali K. , Rincón-García Laura , Evangeli Charalambos , Dallas Panagiotis , Alotaibi Turki , Al-Jobory Alaa A. , Rubio-Bollinger Gabino , Porfyrakis Kyriakos , Agraït Nicolás , Lambert Colin J.
Published: April 2022

STM measurements and DFT calculations to study 3 bi-thermoelectric endohedral metallofullerenes, benchmarked against C60, show that the fluctuations in S are correlated with the charge inhomogeneity and the geometrical disorder within the junction.
Preparation of N,S-codoped magnetic bagasse biochar and adsorption characteristics for tetracycline
Authors: Junfeng Wu , Bowen Hou , Xiaoqing Wang , Zuwen Liu , Zhaodong Wang , Biao Liu , Songya Li , Hongbin Gao , Xinfeng Zhu , Yanli Mao
Published: April 2022

Preparation of N,S-codoped magnetic bagasse biochar and adsorption of tetracycline.
Highly-fluorescent BODIPY-functionalised metallacages as drug delivery systems: synthesis, characterisation and cellular accumulation studies
Authors: Aikman Brech , Bonsignore Riccardo , Woods Ben , Doellerer Daniel , Scotti Riccardo , Schmidt Claudia , Heidecker Alexandra A. , Pöthig Alexander , Sayers Edward J. , Jones Arwyn T. , Casini Angela
Published: April 2022

Self-assembled [Pd2L4]4+ metallacages are promising novel drug delivery systems for anticancer drugs. Their exo-functionalisation with BODIPY moieties enabled the investigation of their uptake mechanisms in cancer cells by confocal microscopy.
Controlled phase and crystallinity of FeNCN/NC dominating sodium storage performance
Authors: Qi Hui , Hou Yan , Wang Wenjing , Tang Lin , Zhang Chuanyun , Deng Wen , Cheng Yayi , Zhang Jingjing
Published: April 2022

High-crystallinity oriented FeNCN has abundant broad channels and great mechanical strength, which endow it strong reaction activity and high structure stability during sodium ion insertion/extraction.
A green route for synthesizing pure silica zeolites with six-membered rings
Authors: Yang Yuhan , Dai Shujie , Yu Xiyuan , Liu Baogang , Zhu Longfeng , Shen Hongxia , Cao Xuebo
Published: April 2022

A green route has been developed for synthesizing pure silica zeolites (SOD, MTN, and NON) with six-membered rings (6MRs) by a combined strategy of ethanol filling and zeolite seeding.
Anticancer and biological properties of new axially disubstituted silicon phthalocyanines
Authors: Farajzadeh Nazli , Güler Kuşçulu Nilgün , Yenilmez H. Yasemin , Bahar Dilek , Altuntaş Bayır Zehra
Published: April 2022

Silicon phthalocyanines differing in the length of their axial ligands were prepared and DNA cleavage, anti-topoisomerase, and anticancer activities were investigated.
Enhanced visible-light-driven RhB removal with a Mo–Ni bimetallic sulfide/g-C3N4 nanosheet Schottky junction
Authors: Li Yaying , Xu Fen , Sun Lixian , Xue Xiaogang , Wang Yingjing , Liao Lumin , Guan Yanxun , Li Bin , Zhang Kexiang , Zou Yongjin , Zhang Huanzhi
Published: April 2022

A novel Schottky heterojunction is fabricated from narrow bandgap Mo–Ni bimetallic sulfide and g-C3N4 nanosheets to maximize carrier separation.
Amorphous FeOOH nanoparticles decorated on defect-rich porous Ni MOF nanosheet based hierarchical architectures toward superior OER performance
Authors: Yao Junnan , Ji Yajun , Pei Lijun , Tan Shufen , Ren Fuyong
Published: April 2022

Amorphous FeOOH nanoparticles decorated on defect-rich porous Ni MOF nanosheet based hierarchical architectures toward superior OER performance.
Multifunctionality of the [C2mim][Ln(fod)4] series (Ln = Nd–Tm except Pm): magnetic, luminescence and thermochemical studies
Authors: Cerdeira Ana C. , Leal João P. , Avó João , Viola Catarina , Casimiro Maria H. , Ferreira Luis M. , Paz Filipe A. A. , Pereira Laura C. J. , Pereira Cláudia C. L. , Monteiro Bernardo
Published: April 2022

The [C2mim][Ln(fod)4] series presents a rare and reversible polymorphism, NIR and visible emission as well as SMM behavior. The varieties of physical behaviors make these compounds suitable for potential technological and/or biomedical applications.
MBE-grown ultrathin PtTe2 films and their layer-dependent electronic structures
Authors: Zhang Lei , Yang Tong , Arramel  , Feng Yuan Ping , Wee Andrew T. S. , Wang Zhuo
Published: April 2022

2D PtTe2 films only form below 300 °C and prefer a bilayer growth mode. The bandgap is 0.80 eV for the monolayer and 0 eV for layer numbers ≥2.
Laser-ablation assisted strain engineering of gold nanoparticles for selective electrochemical CO2 reduction
Authors: Zhang Chao , Zhang Wei , Karadas Ferdi , Low Jingxiang , Long Ran , Liang Changhao , Wang Jin , Li Zhengquan , Xiong Yujie
Published: April 2022

This article reports a facile laser ablation in liquid (LAL) strategy for synthesizing gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) whose rich compressive strain can greatly promote the electrochemical CO2 reduction performance of Au.
Recent synthetic methods involving carbon radicals generated by electrochemical catalysis
Authors: Pham Phuc H. , Petersen Haley A. , Katsirubas Jaclyn L. , Luca Oana R.
Published: April 2022

The review discusses recent advances in electrocatalytic radical coupling reactions involving carbon-centered radical species.
Efficient synthesis of pentasubstituted pyrroles via intramolecular C-arylation
Authors: Lemrová Barbora , Maloň Michal , Soural Miroslav
Published: April 2022

Immobilized methyl aspartate allows solid-phase synthesis of pyrroles with a unique substitution pattern, unattainable by other known methods. The strategy is based on the Truce–Smiles rearrangement triggered by potassium trimethylsilanolate.
Nucleophilic functionalizations of indole derivatives using the aromatic Pummerer reaction
Authors: Zhu Wen , Zhang Qianyun , Bao Xingping , Lin Yanfei , Xu Guangyu , Zhou Hongwei
Published: April 2022

Because of the electron-rich property of indoles, direct functionalization strategies towards indoles generally involve electrophilic substitutions.
Facile synthesis of epoxide-co-propylene sulphide polymers with compositional and architectural control
Authors: Safaie Niloofar , Smak Jessica , DeJonge Danielle , Cheng Shiwang , Zuo Xiaobing , Ohno Kohji , Ferrier Robert C.
Published: April 2022

We present a facile method to produce propylene sulphide (PS) homopolymers up to 100 kg mol−1 and PS-epoxide statistical, block, and ABA copolymers using inexpensive and versatile thio-aluminium (SAl) based initiators.
Fabrication and prospective applications of graphene oxide-modified nanocomposites for wastewater remediation
Authors: Asghar Faiza , Shakoor Bushra , Fatima Saira , Munir Shamsa , Razzaq Humaira , Naheed Shazia , Butler Ian S.
Published: April 2022

Synthesis and chacterization of graphene-based materials (GO, rGO, and MGO) by FT-IR, XRD, UV-VIS, SEM, and Raman spectroscopy, and their potential applications for wastewater treatment.
Controllable in situ growth of novel octahedral TiO2 nanoparticles on nickel/titanium alloy fiber substrate for selective solid-phase microextraction of ultraviolet filters in water samples
Authors: Du Junliang , Li Juan , Lv Rui , Du Xinzhen
Published: April 2022

This work presents a facile strategy with in situ growth of TiO2 nanoparticles on nickel/titanium alloy wire through hydrothermal method for selective preconcentration and determination of UVFs in water.
Mitochondria-targeted half-sandwich iridium(iii)-Cp*-arylimidazophenanthroline complexes as antiproliferative and bioimaging agents against triple negative breast cancer cells MDA-MB-468
Authors: Mondal Ashaparna , Shanavas Shanooja , Sen Utsav , Das Utpal , Roy Nilmadhab , Bose Bipasha , Paira Priyankar
Published: April 2022

Mitochondria targeting half-sandwich Iridium(iii)-Cp*-arylimidazophenanthroline complexes have been developed for MDA-MB-468 cell therapy and diagnosis.
Improved hydrogen evolution performance by engineering bimetallic AuPd loaded on amino and nitrogen functionalized mesoporous hollow carbon spheres
Authors: Wang Lenan , Zhao Zhankui , Wang Hongli , Chi Yue
Published: April 2022

Anchoring ultrafine AuPd on NH2-functionalized and N-doped hollow mesoporous carbon spheres for formic acid dehydrogenation.
Electrospun porous poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-4-hydroxybutyrate)/lecithin scaffold for bone tissue engineering
Authors: Liu Wei , Jiao Tiejun , Su Yuran , Wei Ran , Wang Zheng , Liu Jiacheng , Fu Na , Sui Lei
Published: April 2022

An electrospun P34HB scaffold was prepared and coated with lecithin. As a scaffold for bone tissue engineering, the P34HB/lec scaffold could promote proliferation and osteogenesis of BMSCsin vitro, and also accelerate bone regenerationin vivo.
Correction: Facile preparation of a polypyrrole modified Chinese yam peel-based adsorbent: characterization, performance, and application in removal of Congo red dye
Authors: Wang Yan , Chen Rongyao , Dai Zijing , Yu Qingcai , Miao Yongmei , Xu Ronghua
Published: April 2022

Correction for ‘Facile preparation of a polypyrrole modified Chinese yam peel-based adsorbent: characterization, performance, and application in removal of Congo red dye’ by Yan Wang et al., RSC Adv., 2022, 12, 9424–9434, https://doi.org/10.1039/D1RA08280A.
Highly selective generation of singlet oxygen from dioxygen with atomically dispersed catalysts
Authors: Ma Wenjie , Mao Junjie , He Chun-Ting , Shao Leihou , Liu Ji , Wang Ming , Yu Ping , Mao Lanqun
Published: April 2022

Highly selective generation of1O2from O2is achieved with atomically dispersed FeN4sites on hollow N-doped carbon (Fe1/HNC), providing an efficient non-radiative therapeutic agent forin vivoinhibition of tumor cell proliferation.
BiVO4 quadrangular nanoprisms with highly exposed {101} facets for selective photocatalytic oxidation of benzylamine
Authors: Lv Min , Tong Fengxia , Wang Zeyan , Liu Yuanyuan , Wang Peng , Cheng Hefeng , Dai Ying , Zheng Zhaoke , Huang Baibiao
Published: April 2022

Q-BiVO4 with highly exposed {101} facets exhibits superior photocatalytic BnNH2 oxidation performance. The single-particle PL tests confirm the efficient charge transfer between Q-BiVO4 and BnNH2.
Correction: High performance poly(methyl methacrylate) via hindered urea bond crosslinking
Authors: Xie ShiWei , Wang Dong , Zhang Sa , Xu JianHua , Fu JiaJun
Published: April 2022

Correction for ‘High performance poly(methyl methacrylate) via hindered urea bond crosslinking’ by ShiWei Xie et al., J. Mater. Chem. A, 2022, DOI: 10.1039/d1ta11084e.
Electrochemically driven dual bipolar resistive switching in LaNiO3/SmNiO3/Nb:SrTiO3 heterostructures fabricated through selective area epitaxy
Authors: Zhang Yong , Liu Ming , Ma Chunrui , Lu Lu , Han Chuan Yu
Published: April 2022

The coexistence of two stable BRS modes with opposite polarity is observed within the same micro-sized epitaxial LaNiO3/SmNiO3/NSTO heterostructure cell fabricated through selective area epitaxy.
[C3N6H7]2[B3O3F4(OH)]: a new hybrid birefringent crystal with strong optical anisotropy induced by mixed functional units
Authors: Jin Congcong , Li Fuming , Yang Zhihua , Pan Shilie , Mutailipu Miriding
Published: April 2022

A new hybrid fluorooxoborate was discovered following the strategy of combining two birefringence-active units. The large birefringence and short absorption edge make it a potential short-wavelength ultraviolet birefringent crystal.
Response to the Letter to the Editor From Page (2022) Regarding Ellis and Kendall (2021), “Time to Act: Confronting Systemic Racism in Communication Sciences and Disorders Academic Training Programs”
Authors: Ellis Charles , Kendall Diane
Published: April 2022

The purpose of this letter is to respond to
Page’s (2022)
letter to the editor, “Time to RE-Act: Ellis and Kendall’s Discussion of Systemic Racism,” published by the
American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology.
Diagnostik von Hormonstörungen
Authors: Krause Diana , Back Julia Larissa , Böger Markus , Eckert Michaela , Gollsch Annemarie , Niebling Martina , Rüffer Andreas , Teibert Adrienn , Uhlein Ronja
Published: April 2022

Das hormonelle System ist hochkomplex und vielfältig vernetzt. Endokrine Störungen nehmen auch aufgrund unseres Lebensstils, externer Störfaktoren sowie Fremdsubstanzen zu und erfordern daher ein entsprechend multimodales Vorgehen. Die Speicheldiagnostik ist jener mittels Blut und Urin überlegen und liefert wertvolle Hinweise über die tatsächliche Regulationssituation. Damit ermöglicht sie unter Berücksichtigung des klinischen Kontexts sowie der vielen potenziellen Einflussfaktoren konkrete und individuelle therapeutische Ansätze zur Rebalancierung des Endokriniums.
Menopause – ein Organ verabschiedet sich
Authors: Krug Marianne
Published: April 2022

Die hormonelle Versorgung der Frau ist physiologisch in verschiedene Phasen gegliedert und unterliegt einem nahezu vollständigen Ausfall durch den Organverlust des Ovars. Ein Hormonersatz ist in jedem Zeitabschnitt sinnvoll, möglich und unterschiedlich. Historische Fehler in der Hormonersatztherapie werden aufgezeigt. In der Studienlage sind sie bereits korrigiert. Der Goldstandard besteht heute in der Substitution mit bioidenten Hormonen. Es besteht leider noch eine fast babylonische Sprachverwirrung im Hinblick auf die Kategorie der Gestagene. Dies als auch Klinik, Diagnostik und Therapie der verschiedenen Phasen werden in diesem Artikel beleuchtet.
Digitale Kompetenz für den Distanzunterricht – Wissenschaft nachgefragt
Authors: Veit Katrin
Published: April 2022

Die Physiotherapeutin Katjuschka Kramer untersuchte im Zuge ihrer Masterarbeit die Herausforderungen von Lehrpersonen im Rahmen der ersten und zweiten Schulschließung durch die Covid-19-Pandemie.
Machen Sie Ihre Praxis sichtbar! – Professionelle Außendarstellung
Authors: Liers Jessica , Bargfrede Jan
Published: April 2022

Wer sich mit der professionellen Außendarstellung der therapeutischen Praxis auseinandersetzt, beschäftigt sich automatisch mit Fragen der eigenen Sichtbarkeit – und läuft leicht Gefahr, diese zu über- oder unterschätzen. Warum Sie die Sichtbarkeit Ihrer Praxis steuern sollten, wie das funktioniert und wie Sie damit therapeutische wie auch unternehmerische Ziele erreichen können, erfahren Sie hier.
Bericht der Kommission Qualitätssicherung und Versorgung
Authors: Minden Kirsten , Haller Maria , Windschall Daniel
Published: April 2022

Auf dem Strategiemeeting im September 2020 wurde vom Vorstand und Beirat der Gesellschaft für Kinder- und Jugendrheumatologie (GKJR) vorgeschlagen, regelmäßig über die Arbeit in den Kommissionen und Arbeitskreisen zu berichten. Im Jahr 2021 erschienen in den Verbandsnachrichten Beiträge der Kommission Sport und Bewegung (Heft 1), der Kommission Pharmakotherapie und Leitlinien (Heft 2) und der Kommission Patientenschulung (Heft 3). Mit dem Bericht der Kommission Qualitätssicherung und Versorgung wird die Reihe nun wieder aufgenommen.
Komplizierter Verlauf einer systemischen JIA
Authors: Roth Johannes
Published: April 2022

Die systemische juvenile idiopathische Arthritis (sJIA) kann sehr behandlungsresistent sein und es können erhebliche Komplikationen einschließlich einer interstitiellen Lungenerkrankung auftreten. Anhand der Fallgeschichte einer sJIA-Patientin mit fortgeschrittener Lungenerkrankung werden molekulardiagnostische Methoden, neue Behandlungsoptionen und ethische Überlegungen bei der Versorgung komplexer Patienten diskutiert.
An Unusual Cause of Right Heart Failure: Hemorrhagic Pericardial Cyst Presenting as a Pericardial Mass and Constrictive Pericarditis
Authors: Sreedharan Ruma Madhu , Mathew Jeswin , LR Jayasree , Rasheed Abdul
Published: April 2022

Congenital pericardial cysts are very rare neoplasms of the middle mediastinum. We report a case of a young woman who was referred to the surgical department with abdominal pain. The ultrasound done showed moderate ascites and pleural effusion. Further evaluation with computed tomography (CT) chest revealed a calcified mass in the pericardium. Follow-up echocardiography showed an echogenic mass in the pericardium. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed a hyperintense mass with a delayed enhancement of the contents with features of right heart failure. So, an emergency surgical resection was done that showed a large hemorrhagic mass with pultaceous material in the pericardial cavity. The pathological report confirmed the diagnosis of a hemorrhagic pericardial cyst with organized material.
Two Sides of the Same Coin: Tendoligamentous Similarities and Dissimilarities of Great Toe and Thumb Anatomy on MRI
Authors: Rajani Heena , Singh Dharmendra Kumar , Suman Saurabh , Katyan Amit , Sharma Anuradha , Kumar Nishith
Published: April 2022

Evolution and functional necessities have compelled the great toe of the foot and its embryological kin, thumb, to have some tendoligamentous differences with a similar basic anatomical structure. This provides biomechanical advantage to these joints: the thumb is apposable and more mobile, ensuring hand dexterity and tool-handling, whereas the great toe is less mobile and more stable, ensuring weight bearing, strength, and stability for bipedal locomotion. This pictorial review will methodically illustrate the similarities and dissimilarities of the joint morphology and its tendoligamentous attachments at the level of carpometacarpal joint, metacarpophalangeal joint, and interphalangeal joints of thumb compared with tarsometatarsal joint, metatarsophalangeal joint, and interphalangeal joints of great toe. It intends to provide a comprehensive understanding of the normal anatomy of great toe and thumb to the radiologists, enabling better interpretation of the pathologies.
Clinical Validation of Standard Q COVID-19 Antigen and IgM/IgG Combo Kit Assay at a Tertiary Care Center in Northern India
Authors: Singh Parul , Kiro Vandana V. , Srivastav Sharad , Malhotra Rajesh , Mathur Purva
Published: April 2022

Background Expansion of the testing capacities for severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 is an important issue in the face of ever-increasing case load. So, there is need of point-of-care diagnostic tests in the existing laboratory capacities for early treatment, isolation, and clinical decision making, especially in resource limited settings.

Materials and Methods This prospective cohort study was conducted at Jai Prakash Narayan Apex Trauma Center, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi. Nasopharyngeal samples and blood samples were collected for antigen and antibody testing. Rapid antigen test was performed as per the kit's instructions. The performance of the kit was compared with the gold standard reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) testing.

Results Eighty-eight out of 110 patients tested positive by RT-PCR for coronavirus disease 2019 in last 48 to 72 hours were included in the study. Overall, the sensitivity of combined antibody test was 52%, antigen test 26%, and combined sensitivity of both antigen and antibody was 72.7%, respectively.

Conclusion The combo kit needs to be used with caution in low prevalence settings, where cases may be missed.
Planform evolution of a sinuous channel triggered by curvature and autogenic width oscillations due to generic grain transport
Authors: Mahato Rajesh K. , Dey Subhasish , Ali Sk Zeeshan
Published: April 2022

We study the dynamics of an erodible sinuous channel subject to combined curvature and autogenic width oscillations. We find that generic grain transport (both bedload and suspended load transport) amplifies lateral stretching of the channel centerline and enhances the maximum width-variation amplitude and curvature ratio in their temporal dynamics by displaying a phase lag. However, in the initial and mature stages, the planform dynamics asymptotically approaches the conventional limits. The planform evolution is found to be influenced by four key parameters: Shields number, relative roughness, channel aspect ratio, and shear Reynolds number. The findings of this study, to the best of our knowledge, represent the first analytical investigation of the planform evolution of a sinuous channel driven by generic grain transport.
Euler–Euler modeling of reactive bubbly flow in a bubble column
Authors: Yan Hongjie , Gong Hao , Huang Zhengzong , Zhou Ping , Liu Liu
Published: April 2022

To clarify the mass transfer mechanism and reaction behavior in the multiphase flow process, numerical simulations were implemented in the process of NaOH absorbing CO2 by means of the Euler–Euler two-fluid model coupled with the net production rate model of species. Results show that the chemisorption process can be divided into three stages, which are dominated by different chemical reaction equations, and the influence of the water ionization cannot be neglected at pH <10. The concentration change of each species is slightly earlier than those in the literature, while the time-dependent pH value is in good agreement with the experimental results and the consistency between the simulation and the experiment of the hydrodynamic parameters such as the axial component of bubble velocity and the oscillation frequency of bubble flow can be achieved. Therefore, it can be concluded that the mathematical model proposed in this paper can better reproduce the detailed characteristics of the reactive bubbly flow. Furthermore, the effect of bubble induced turbulence on the interfacial reaction behavior is also discussed, and the influence of bubble induced turbulence can be negligible.
Cavitation strength of oxygen–nitrogen solutions under pulse stretching
Authors: Vinogradov Vladimir E. , Baidakov Vladimir G.
Published: April 2022

The tensile strength of oxygen–nitrogen solutions has been investigated in tension waves of length 3 μs with amplitudes to –10 MPa. The temperature dependences of the limiting stretches of solutions with nitrogen contents of 0.25, 0.50, and 0.75 mole fractions have been determined at temperatures from 90 to 130 K. Experimental data have been compared with calculations by the classical nucleation theory.
Discovery of new cave-roosts of the endangered Pacific sheath-tailed bat on Ovalau Island, Fiji
Authors: Vakaciriwaqa Semaema , Seniucidromo Orisi , Waldien David L. , Tikoca Siteri
Published: April 2022

The Endangered Pacific sheath-tailed bat (Emballonura semicaudata) is a small, insectivorous cave-bat that has been extirpated from much of its historic range. A rapid biodiversity assessment to Ovalau Island, Fiji was completed in January 2021 to solicit information on the species from indigenous communities and work with them to conduct searches of potential and known cave-roosts. We identified three new roosts (50–150 bats each) and confirmed that a historic cave-roost last evaluated in 2012 still had ∼100 bats. Ovalau Island is recommended as a national conservation priority for the species given there are at least four active roosts with 350–600 bats; local community members should be involved in the protection of these important cave-roosts.
Developing spoken requests during UK study abroad
Authors: Economidou-Kogetsidis Maria , Halenko Nicola
Published: April 2022

The present study tracks the longitudinal pragmatic development of spoken requests by Japanese, adult learners of English during an academic year abroad, and aims to examine whether and how their requestive performance develops over time in high and low-imposition situations. Data were collected at three points of the academic year using oral, virtual role plays, and semi-structured group interviews. Data analysis examined the type and frequency of request strategies and modification devices employed by the group over time. Findings revealed that there were only some pragmatic gains (e.g., a slight drop in the use of want statements) as learners were very slow in adopting a new form-function mapping and expanding their pragmalinguistic repertoire. They relied on (and overused) a limited set of request sequences and had clear preferences for particular ways to express (in)directness, confirming that pragmatic gains might often be small, and development may follow a non-linear trajectory.
Openings and closings in institutionally-situated email requests
Authors: Halenko Nicola , Winder Lisa
Published: April 2022

The study abroad (SA) experience presents opportunities to enrich linguistic and cultural knowledge, but pragmatic
development does not always follow a linear path. This investigation describes one interlanguage challenge: managing online
interactions in upward email requests. Openings and closings in emails of two academic discourse communities are examined: (L1)
English-speaking experts with three years of prior socialization into UK academic practices (n = 162) and (L2)
Chinese English as a foreign language novices as newcomers on their SA stay (n = 159). The study aims to analyze
sociocultural variance between the groups and whether a 10-month sojourn influences novice email practices. Results revealed
novices and experts adopted markedly different strategies for interpersonal work. Experts tended to take a less formal,
egalitarian stance when initiating emails while novices opted for increased levels of formality in structure and style. Most
novices’ mismanagement could be traced back to first language influences or, more commonly, to an overreliance on formal letter
writing techniques.
Set-up for observation thermal voltage noise and determination of absolute temperature and Boltzmann constant
Authors: Mishonov Todor M , Serafimov Nikola S , Petkov Emil G , Varonov Albert M
Published: April 2022

We describe a set-up for measurement of the absolute zero by Johnson–Nyquist thermal noise which can be performed within a week in every high-school or university. Necessary electronic components and technical guidelines for the construction of this noise thermometer are given. The operating temperature used is in the tea cup range from ice to boiling water and in this sense the set-up can be given in the hands of every high school and university physics student. The measurement requires a standard multi-meter with thermocouple and voltage probe and gives excellent for education purposes percent accuracy. The explanation is oriented to university level but due to the simplicity of the explanation motivated high-school students can follow the explanation derivation of the used formulas for determination of the absolute zero and the Boltzmann constant. As a by-product our set-up gives a new method for the determination of the spectral density of the voltage e
N and current noise i
N of operational amplifiers.
Comparing students’ flow states during apparatus-based versus video-based lab activities
Authors: Karelina Anna , Ektina Eugenia , Bohacek Peter , Vonk Matthew , Kagan Michael , Warren Aaron R , Brookes David T
Published: April 2022

This paper presents a study comparing physics students experimenting with physical apparatus (the apparatus group) versus students conducting the same experiments using videos of those experiments in place of the physical apparatus (the video group). In our study, we compare the results of an attitudinal survey designed to examine students’ mental states and sense of engagement with the material. In terms of the eight-channel flow model, we found that students who conduct design labs structured according to the Investigative Science Learning Environment mostly found themselves located in the productive learning zones of arousal, flow and control. We also found a small but consistent difference between the apparatus and video groups: in the video group there were slightly more students who were in the less productive zones of worry and anxiety, reflective of feelings of low skillfulness combined with a sense that the task was very challenging. We discuss the implications of these findings for the design of scaffolded inquiry tasks such as ISLE design labs in new virtual environments. We suggest that such activities, performed in virtual learning environments, may require different levels and types of scaffolding compared with the same activities performed in the in-person classroom with physical apparatus.