bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Supplementary Table S12 from A Functional Survey of the Regulatory Landscape of Estrogen Receptor–Positive Breast Cancer Evolution
Authors: Barozzi Iros , Slaven Neil , Canale Eleonora , Lopes Rui , Amorim Monteiro Barbosa Inês , Bleu Melusine , Ivanoiu Diana , Pacini Claudia , Mensa’ Emanuela , Chambers Alfie , Bravaccini Sara , Ravaioli Sara , Győrffy Balázs , Dieci Maria Vittoria , Pruneri Giancarlo , Galli Giorgio Giacomo , Magnani Luca
Published: September 2024

Supplementary Table S12: Summary of SNVs and INDELs identified by SIDV. S12.1: full list of SNVs and INDELs. Chromosome and position on the chromosome (hg38 coordinates) are indicated for each variant, along with the reference and detected alternative allele. Also, the table indicates the donor, and whether the variant allele was directly detected in the primary (P_CALL) and/or the metastatic material (M_CALL). S12.2: tumor purity estimation for each sample and site (P = primary; M = metastasis) is listed, along with the size of the subset of SNVs used for the purity estimation analysis. S12.3: final annotation of the SNVs after sample-specific purity correction. For each SNV, genomic coordinates, reference and alternative alleles, donor identifier, and evidence (filtered read counts) supporting the different alleles in normal (N), primary (P) and metastatic (M) samples are provided. For both primary and metastatic samples, the variant allele frequency (VAF), along with the estimated purity for the sample, the estimated copy number alterations of the region bearing the variant (CNA) and the purity-corrected VAF, or cancer-cell fraction (CCF), are indicated. S12.4: regions showing an enrichment in either amplifications (amp) or deletions (del) across the metastatic samples as compared to the matched primary samples, are indicated.
Supplementary Figure S5 from A Functional Survey of the Regulatory Landscape of Estrogen Receptor–Positive Breast Cancer Evolution
Authors: Barozzi Iros , Slaven Neil , Canale Eleonora , Lopes Rui , Amorim Monteiro Barbosa Inês , Bleu Melusine , Ivanoiu Diana , Pacini Claudia , Mensa’ Emanuela , Chambers Alfie , Bravaccini Sara , Ravaioli Sara , Győrffy Balázs , Dieci Maria Vittoria , Pruneri Giancarlo , Galli Giorgio Giacomo , Magnani Luca
Published: September 2024

Supplementary Figure 5. Estrogen deprivation in T47D cells introduce stochastic selective pressure in long-term CRISPRi screens.
Supplementary Figure S16 from A Functional Survey of the Regulatory Landscape of Estrogen Receptor–Positive Breast Cancer Evolution
Authors: Barozzi Iros , Slaven Neil , Canale Eleonora , Lopes Rui , Amorim Monteiro Barbosa Inês , Bleu Melusine , Ivanoiu Diana , Pacini Claudia , Mensa’ Emanuela , Chambers Alfie , Bravaccini Sara , Ravaioli Sara , Győrffy Balázs , Dieci Maria Vittoria , Pruneri Giancarlo , Galli Giorgio Giacomo , Magnani Luca
Published: September 2024

Supplementary Figure 16. Genes involved in TLR signaling are upregulated in MCF7 during therapy induced dormancy.
Supplementary Figure S10 from A Functional Survey of the Regulatory Landscape of Estrogen Receptor–Positive Breast Cancer Evolution
Authors: Barozzi Iros , Slaven Neil , Canale Eleonora , Lopes Rui , Amorim Monteiro Barbosa Inês , Bleu Melusine , Ivanoiu Diana , Pacini Claudia , Mensa’ Emanuela , Chambers Alfie , Bravaccini Sara , Ravaioli Sara , Győrffy Balázs , Dieci Maria Vittoria , Pruneri Giancarlo , Galli Giorgio Giacomo , Magnani Luca
Published: September 2024

Supplementary Figure 10. SIDP identifies regulatory regions with context-dependent activity in LTED cells.
Data from CHD2 Regulates Neuron–Glioma Interactions in Pediatric Glioma
Authors: Zhang Xu , Duan Shoufu , Apostolou Panagiota E. , Wu Xiaoping , Watanabe Jun , Gallitto Matthew , Barron Tara , Taylor Kathryn R. , Woo Pamelyn J. , Hua Xu , Zhou Hui , Wei Hong-Jian , McQuillan Nicholas , Kang Kyung-Don , Friedman Gregory K. , Canoll Peter D. , Chang Kenneth , Wu Cheng-Chia , Hashizume Rintaro , Vakoc Christopher R. , Monje Michelle , McKhann Guy M. , Gogos Joseph A. , Zhang Zhiguo
Published: September 2024

Abstract
High-grade gliomas (HGG) are deadly diseases for both adult and pediatric patients. Recently, it has been shown that neuronal activity promotes the progression of multiple subgroups of HGG. However, epigenetic mechanisms that govern this process remain elusive. Here we report that the chromatin remodeler chromodomain helicase DNA-binding protein 2 (CHD2) regulates neuron–glioma interactions in diffuse midline glioma (DMG) characterized by onco-histone H3.1K27M. Depletion of CHD2 in H3.1K27M DMG cells compromises cell viability and neuron-to-glioma synaptic connections in vitro, neuron-induced proliferation of H3.1K27M DMG cells in vitro and in vivo, activity-dependent calcium transients in vivo, and extends the survival of H3.1K27M DMG-bearing mice. Mechanistically, CHD2 coordinates with the transcription factor FOSL1 to control the expression of axon-guidance and synaptic genes in H3.1K27M DMG cells. Together, our study reveals a mechanism whereby CHD2 controls the intrinsic gene program of the H3.1K27M DMG subtype, which in turn regulates the tumor growth-promoting interactions of glioma cells with neurons.

Significance: Neurons drive the proliferation and invasion of glioma cells. Here we show that chromatin remodeler chromodomain helicase DNA-binding protein 2 controls the epigenome and expression of axon-guidance and synaptic genes, thereby promoting neuron-induced proliferation of H3.1K27M diffuse midline glioma and the pathogenesis of this deadly disease.
Supplementary Figure S4 from Poor Prognosis among Radiation-Associated Bladder Cancer Is Defined by Clinicogenomic Features
Authors: Wijetunga N. Ari , Gessner Kathryn H. , Kanchi Krishna , Moore Jay A. , Fleischmann Zoe , Jin Dexter X. , Frampton Garrett M. , Sturdivant Michael , Repka Michael , Sud Shivani , Corcoran David L. , Galsky Matthew D. , Milowsky Matthew I. , Wobker Sara E. , Kim William Y. , Rose Tracy L. , Damrauer Jeffrey S.
Published: September 2024

Supplementary Figure S4
Supplementary Data from The Tumor Microbiome Reacts to Hypoxia and Can Influence Response to Radiation Treatment in Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Benej Martin , Hoyd Rebecca , Kreamer McKenzie , Wheeler Caroline E. , Grencewicz Dennis J. , Choueiry Fouad , Chan Carlos H.F. , Zakharia Yousef , Ma Qin , Dodd Rebecca D. , Ulrich Cornelia M. , Hardikar Sheetal , Churchman Michelle L. , Tarhini Ahmad A. , Robinson Lary A. , Singer Eric A. , Ikeguchi Alexandra P. , McCarter Martin D. , Tinoco Gabriel , Husain Marium , Jin Ning , Tan Aik C. , Osman Afaf E.G. , Eljilany Islam , Riedlinger Gregory , Schneider Bryan P. , Benejova Katarina , Kery Martin , Papandreou Ioanna , Zhu Jiangjiang , Denko Nicholas , Spakowicz Daniel
Published: September 2024

Numbers at risk for the association between survival and Fusobacterium canifelinum abundance in COADREAD tumors treated with radiation.
Digital Vocal Biomarker of Smoking Status Using Ecological Audio Recordings: Results from the Colive Voice Study
Authors: Ayadi Hanin , Elbéji Abir , Despotovic Vladimir , Fagherazzi Guy
Published: September 2024

Introduction: The complex health, social, and economic consequences of tobacco smoking underscore the importance of incorporating reliable and scalable data collection on smoking status and habits into research across various disciplines. Given that smoking impacts voice production, we aimed to develop a gender and language-specific vocal biomarker of smoking status. Methods: Leveraging data from the Colive Voice study, we used statistical analysis methods to quantify the effects of smoking on voice characteristics. Various voice feature extraction methods combined with machine learning algorithms were then used to produce a gender and language-specific (English and French) digital vocal biomarker to differentiate smokers from never-smokers. Results: A total of 1,332‬ participants were included after propensity score matching (mean age = 43.6 [13.65], 64.41% are female, 56.68% are English speakers, 50% are smokers and 50% are never-smokers). We observed differences in voice features distribution: for women, the fundamental frequency F0, the formants F1, F2, and F3 frequencies and the harmonics-to-noise ratio were lower in smokers compared to never-smokers (p < 0.05) while for men no significant disparities were noted between the two groups. The accuracy and AUC of smoking status prediction reached 0.71 and 0.76, respectively, for the female participants, and 0.65 and 0.68, respectively, for the male participants. Conclusion: We have shown that voice features are impacted by smoking. We have developed a novel digital vocal biomarker that can be used in clinical and epidemiological research to assess smoking status in a rapid, scalable, and accurate manner using ecological audio recordings.
Incidence of Acute Endophthalmitis after Secondary Intraocular Lens Implantation: A Nationwide Cohort Study
Authors: Lee Seungyeon , Lee Jae Kwang , Kim Seo Hee , Chung Eun Jee
Published: September 2024

Introduction: In this study, we aimed to analyze the incidence of acute endophthalmitis after secondary intraocular lens (IOL) implantation in South Korea. Methods: This study used information from the National Health Insurance Service (NHIS)-National Health Information Database (NHID). We identified patients who underwent secondary IOL implantation or IOL exchange surgeries during 2002–2021 due to diagnoses of IOL dislocation or mechanical complication of IOL. Postoperative endophthalmitis (POE) was defined as patients having received intravitreal antibiotic injection or vitrectomy for acute endophthalmitis diagnosed within 42 days after the claim for secondary IOL surgeries. All statistical analyses were performed with a significance level p < 0.05, and we used the univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazard model to identify risk factors. Results: From 2002 to 2021, 39,364 patients received secondary IOL implantation, and acute POE was diagnosed in 62 patients. The overall incidence of acute POE was 0.16% during the 20-year period. More than half of the patients were diagnosed with POE within the first week after surgery. In the univariate analysis, there was a higher incidence of endophthalmitis in the group with pre-existing glaucoma (hazard ratio [HR], 1.945; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.036–3.652; p = 0.0385) and the group undergoing concurrent vitrectomy (hazard ratio [HR], 2.329; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.003–5.405; p = 0.0491). Conclusions: The incidence of acute endophthalmitis after secondary IOL implantation in South Korea was similar to that of other countries. This is the largest retrospective claims data-based study of acute endophthalmitis after secondary IOL implantation in patients in South Korea.
Ana C e a sua máquina fotográfica
Authors: Bauer Cássio Henrique
Published: September 2024

Poesia experimental, partindo de leitura fragmentada de Ana Cristina César.
A padaria brasileira
Authors: Cabral Éderson de Oliveira
Published: September 2024

Creative writing.
Sombras do horror na literatura brasileira: diálogo com Daniel Serravalle de Sá
Authors: Machado Admarcio Rodrigues
Published: September 2024

Entrevista realizada com o professor Daniel Serravalle de Sá, na qual ele reflete sobre a relação literária entre Brasil e Europa, elementos góticos presentes na ficção brasileira, realidade e horror, o silêncio na literatura, a presença de elementos fantásticos na construção do imaginário popular brasileiro, a formação do cânone literário brasileiro, alguns desafios enfrentados por escritores brasileiros de literatura fantástica, a relação entre o personagem Zé do Caixão e seu simbolismo na sociedade brasileira, dentre outros temas relevantes para se pensar o insólito ficcional brasileiro.
Caminhos e descaminhos da literatura insólita no Brasil
Authors: Machado Admarcio Rodrigues , Coradini Bruna Martins , Caleffi Leandro Antognolli
Published: September 2024

Editorial Opiniães n. 24
Association of Snoring and Daytime Sleepiness With Subsequent Incident Hypertension: A Population-Based Cohort Study
Authors: Balagny Pauline , Vidal-Petiot Emmanuelle , Kab Sofiane , Frija Justine , Steg Philippe Gabriel , Goldberg Marcel , Zins Marie , d’Ortho Marie-Pia , Wiernik Emmanuel
Published: September 2024

BACKGROUND:

There is a strong association between obstructive sleep apnea and hypertension, but the effects of obstructive sleep apnea symptoms on the risk of incident hypertension are not well documented. The aim of this prospective study was to examine whether snoring and sleepiness are associated with incident hypertension.

METHODS:

Data from the French population-based CONSTANCES cohort were analyzed. Normotensive participants, aged 18 to 69 years, were included between 2012 and 2016 and screened for snoring, morning fatigue, and daytime sleepiness in 2017 using items of the Berlin Questionnaire. We used Cox models, adjusted for multiple potential confounders, including body mass index, baseline blood pressure, sleep duration, and depressive symptoms, to compute hazards ratios of incidentally treated hypertension.

RESULTS:

Among 34 727 subjects, the prevalence of self-reported habitual snoring, morning fatigue, and excessive daytime sleepiness (≥3× a week for each) was 23.6%, 16.6%, and 19.1%, respectively. During a median follow-up of 3.1 years (interquartile range, 3.0–3.5), the incidence of treated hypertension was 3.8%. The risk of de novo treated hypertension was higher in participants who reported habitual snoring (adjusted hazard ratio, 1.17 [95% CI, 1.03–1.32]) and excessive daytime sleepiness (adjusted hazard ratio, 1.42 [95% CI, 1.24–1.62]), and increased with the weekly frequency of symptoms, with a dose-dependent relationship (
P
trend
≤0.02 for all symptoms).

CONCLUSIONS:

Self-reported snoring and excessive daytime sleepiness are associated with an increased risk of developing hypertension. Identification of snoring and daytime sleepiness may be a useful public health screening tool in primary care for hypertension prevention.
Investigating the Neural Basis of the Loud-first Principle of the Iambic–Trochaic Law
Authors: Llanos Fernando , Stump Teagan , Crowhurst Megan
Published: September 2024

The perception of rhythmic patterns is crucial for the recognition of words in spoken languages, yet it remains unclear how these patterns are represented in the brain. Here, we tested the hypothesis that rhythmic patterns are encoded by neural activity phase-locked to the temporal modulation of these patterns in the speech signal. To test this hypothesis, we analyzed EEGs evoked with long sequences of alternating syllables acoustically manipulated to be perceived as a series of different rhythmic groupings in English. We found that the magnitude of the EEG at the syllable and grouping rates of each sequence was significantly higher than the noise baseline, indicating that the neural parsing of syllables and rhythmic groupings operates at different timescales. Distributional differences between the scalp topographies associated with each timescale suggests a further mechanistic dissociation between the neural segmentation of syllables and groupings. In addition, we observed that the neural tracking of louder syllables, which in trochaic languages like English are associated with the beginning of rhythmic groupings, was more robust than the neural tracking of softer syllables. The results of further bootstrapping and brain–behavior analyses indicate that the perception of rhythmic patterns is modulated by the magnitude of grouping alternations in the neural signal. These findings suggest that the temporal coding of rhythmic patterns in stress-based languages like English is supported by temporal regularities that are linguistically relevant in the speech signal.
Do Multi-Document Summarization Models Synthesize?
Authors: DeYoung Jay , Martinez Stephanie C. , Marshall Iain J. , Wallace Byron C.
Published: September 2024

Multi-document summarization entails producing concise synopses of collections of inputs. For some applications, the synopsis should accurately synthesize inputs with respect to a key aspect, e.g., a synopsis of film reviews written about a particular movie should reflect the average critic consensus. As a more consequential example, narrative summaries that accompany biomedical systematic reviews of clinical trial results should accurately summarize the potentially conflicting results from individual trials. In this paper we ask: To what extent do modern multi-document summarization models implicitly perform this sort of synthesis? We run experiments over opinion and evidence synthesis datasets using a suite of summarization models, from fine-tuned transformers to GPT-4. We find that existing models partially perform synthesis, but imperfectly: Even the best performing models are over-sensitive to changes in input ordering and under-sensitive to changes in input compositions (e.g., ratio of positive to negative reviews). We propose a simple, general, effective method for improving model synthesis capabilities by generating an explicitly diverse set of candidate outputs, and then selecting from these the string best aligned with the expected aggregate measure for the inputs, or abstaining when the model produces no good candidate.
New and validated hyphomycetes taxa described by A. Rambelli from Costa Rica
Authors: CASTAÑEDA-RUIZ RAFAEL F. , MARDONES MELISSA , SOUZA MARIA G.A.P. , LI DE-WEI , KIRK PAUL M. , GUSMÃO LUÍS F.P.
Published: September 2024

N/A
2. MacDonalds and Kiplings
Authors: Fisher Barbara
Published: September 2024

Alice Macdonald was one of five sisters, four of them remarkable for the men they married or the sons they mothered. Two married famous artists—Edward Burne-Jones and Edward Poynter; one was the mother of Prime Minister Stanley Baldwin, one the mother of Rudyard Kipling. Alice, the oldest of the daughters of an unconventional Methodist minister, was considered to possess the most sparkling personality, the nimblest mind, and the keenest wit. Despite these gifts, she made the least impressive match, marrying John Lockwood Kipling at the advanced age of 27. Lockwood, who came from a devout Wesleyan family, was an artist, sculptor, and architectural designer of seemingly little promise. Meeting Alice at a picnic at Lake Rudyard, he immediately fell in love, but waited to marry until he had secured an appointment at a school of art in Bombay. Both Alice and Lockwood had artistic temperaments and Bohemian sympathies, but conventional social values.
4. The Family Square
Authors: Fisher Barbara
Published: September 2024

“The Family Square,” an invented family name, refers the period when all four Kiplings were joyfully reunited in India. From the age fifteen to twenty-one, Trix was extremely happy as one side of the square, spending the winter months in Lahore and the hot months in the cool hill stations of Dalhousie and Simla. All four Kiplings wrote articles, stories, poems, and reviews. Trix and Rudyard created poetic parodies from Wordsworth to Whitman, which were published in 1884 in a little book called Echoes. One year later, with encouragement from Rudyard, Trix published “The Haunted Cabin,” a seemingly innocuous ghost story, featuring a little girl and her careless mother. A series of “Plain Tales from the Hills,” was published in 1886-7 in the Civil and Military Gazette. Most of the sharply observed stories were written by Rudyard, but many were written by eighteen-year-old Trix. Published anonymously, all were assumed to be by the same hand. Graceful and clever, Trix rejected numerous suitors, until maternal pressure eventually wore her down, and she accepted a starchy Scotsman, ten years her senior. John Murchison Fleming, always called Jack, came from a solid soldiering family and had little in common with artistic Trix. She married him on her twenty-first birthday, trusting in his assurances that she would learn to love him.
10. Relapse and Exile
Authors: Fisher Barbara
Published: September 2024

When Alice died following a brief illness in November 1910, Trix was at her bedside, but when Lockwood suddenly and unexpectedly died two months later, she was neither present nor prepared. While grieving over these losses, Trix became suspicious and accusatory toward Rudyard—unable to control her wild talk, her piercing screams, and her restless pacing and hand-shaking. While Jack and Rudyard argued over the best treatment for Trix, she was sent away to be cared for, first by famous mental professionals and later by a series of private nurses in ever-changing locations in England and Scotland. From time to time, Jack tried to reclaim his wife, but his clumsy attempts were met with violent resistance. It was not a straying husband, a childless marriage, a literary disappointment, or the strain of psychic research that caused Trix to break down, but the almost simultaneous loss of her two parents that finally undid her. Trix’s parents were gone, the house in Tisbury had been broken up, her brother had betrayed her, her husband had abandoned her. The period of thirteen years, from 1911 to 1924, was the darkest period of Trix’s life. Little is known about this time, which Trix referred to as “exile.” No writing survives from this period.
11. Recovery and Return
Authors: Fisher Barbara
Published: September 2024

In 1924, when Trix was fifty-six years old, she was recalled from exile. Jack, sixty-six years old and in declining health, allowed Trix back into the Fleming home in Edinburgh. She was at first treated as if she were incompetent, but she eventually demonstrated that she was not only capable and coherent, but charming and witty. She nursed but also teased and subtly tortured Jack through his final years of ill health. She mourned the death of her brother in 1936 and the loss of her husband in 1942. With Rudyard’s death, Trix became a valued resource for Kipling biographers. When Jack died, she was liberated from the unsatisfying roles of companion and nursemaid. Having outlived her brother and husband, she created her final extravagant persona—playful, garrulous, and eccentric old lady. Trix died on October 25th 1948 at the age of 80.

Trix characterized much of her life as a waste, but it was not entirely so. Her contributions to the Psychic Research Society were important to their work, her editorial and critical support for her friend, Maud Diver was crucial to the composition of her many popular novels, and her early collaboration and life-long encouragement to her brother provided him with sustenance throughout his illustrious career. Her brilliant talk embellished by quotations and ornamented with wit and devilish humor was well remembered by the many who called her “Aunt Trix” and the many others fortunate enough to have shared her company.

But her life was a waste of a brilliant literary gift. Trix had talent, originality, perhaps even genius, but these alone were not enough to secure success. Without the inner resources of self-love, confidence, and persistence she could not persevere through the distractions, frustrations, and vexations of a literary career. She was able to tend to her talent when it burst forth precociously, almost spontaneously, in youth. But as an adult, lacking in internal strength, she needed external support to nurture her gift, and that she did not have. On the contrary, she had to contend with societal disapproval, parental pressure, and spousal incomprehension. She was no match for this much opposition, and her art, blossoming early, withered before it reached full flower.
1. De Morgan and Mathematics
Authors: Rice Adrian
Published: September 2024

If Augustus De Morgan is remembered at all today, it is primarily for the pair of algebraic laws that bear his name, for he proved no major theorem, made no notable mathematical discoveries, and published no magnum opus. Indeed, it is hard to identify much in today’s mathematics for which he was responsible. Yet he was described by contemporaries as ‘one of the most eminent mathematicians and logicians of his time’ and ‘one of the profoundest and subtlest thinkers of the nineteenth century’. And his mathematical publications spanned a far greater array of subjects than his current limited fame would suggest, including algebra, logic, probability, actuarial mathematics, differential equations, mathematical education, and the history of mathematics—some of which will be discussed in more detail in subsequent chapters.

In this chapter, we explore the range of De Morgan’s activities as a mathematician, including his mathematical research, his philosophy of the subject, and his work as the first professor of mathematics at University College London. In doing so, we aim to answer two questions: why was De Morgan’s mathematical reputation so high in the nineteenth century? And why, in comparison, is he so little-known today?
5. Augustus De Morgan
Authors: Verburgt Lukas
Published: September 2024

Augustus De Morgan’s work on mathematics and logic in the mid-nineteenth century is familiar to historians of both disciplines. What is less known is his work on scientific method, where he went against the grain of the dominant English view of knowledge, embodied most prominently by his former teacher William Whewell. De Morgan argued that in so far as induction rests upon probability, mathematics rather than observation is the motor of scientific progress. Drawing on De Morgan’s published work as well as on unpublished sources, such as his correspondence with Whewell, this chapter examines De Morgan’s meta-scientific views. What emerges is a rounded picture of De Morgan as a pioneer of a new probabilistic image of human knowledge that challenged the prevailing orthodoxy.
6. De Morgan and Mathematics Education
Authors: Stray Christopher
Published: September 2024

Augustus De Morgan might be seen as a man of a single institution: the London University, renamed University College London (UCL) in 1836. But he had experience of several others: the Society for the Diffusion of Useful Knowledge (SDUK), the Royal Astronomical Society and the London Mathematical Society, among others. Most significantly, perhaps, he went to London after graduating from the University of Cambridge, which was throughout the nineteenth century the dominant site of mathematical work in the United Kingdom. During his long career in London, De Morgan kept a watching brief on the teaching of mathematics in Cambridge and elsewhere, publishing several articles on the subject. Some of his articles appeared in the Quarterly Journal of Education, edited throughout its life (1830-5) by De Morgan’s UCL colleague George Long. The Journal, to which he contributed over 30 articles, was published by the SDUK, of which De Morgan was an active member. This chapter discusses De Morgan’s often critical accounts of the curricula and teaching, especially of mathematics, in the universities of Cambridge and Oxford and elsewhere.
9. De Morgan’s Family
Authors: Richards Joan L.
Published: September 2024

This chapter places Augustus De Morgan in his familial context. Focusing on his wife Sophia, it explores her fascination with the development of her offspring’s powers of reasoning, underlining that interest in education was the preserve of both husband and wife, not of Augustus De Morgan alone. The chapter also balances De Morgan’s intellectual legacy with his biological legacy through his children’s achievements: we learn of their second son George, a budding mathematician and co-founder of the London Mathematical Society, who fell victim to an early death; their youngest daughter Mary, who became a published author of fairy tales and short stories; and their eldest son William, who, although best known in his lifetime as a successful novelist, is remembered today for his innovative work as a ceramic artist, particularly his creation of ‘De Morgan tiles’, via which the name of De Morgan continues to live on.
10. Augustus De Morgan’s Library Revisited
Authors: Attar Karen
Published: September 2024

Even during his lifetime Augustus De Morgan was well known for his library of nearly 4,000 titles on mathematics and its history published between 1474 and 1870, in which landmarks of mathematical and astronomical literature jostled with multiple editions of popular textbooks and obscure rare works. This library was coveted after his death and continued in the twentieth century to be praised in superlative terms, for example as ‘one of the finest accumulations of books on the history of mathematics in the country’ (1996). It is particularly remarkable because, according to studies of book-collecting, mathematics was not a major collecting area.

Yet De Morgan was neither the first, nor the sole, mathematical collector. His library is known largely because it was one of few mathematical libraries amassed by Victorians to remain intact after the owner’s death, when it was acquired by the University of London. Because De Morgan’s library has not yet been studied within the context of contemporary collecting, this chapter looks at the mathematical libraries, intact and dispersed, of De Morgan and some of his contemporaries to contextualise and reassess his library in comparison to other Victorian mathematical collections. We also discuss how the library fared after De Morgan’s death and why it continues to stand out.
11. Augustus De Morgan
Authors: Attar Karen , Lock Alexander , Makin Katy , Maxwell Jane , Mills Virginia , Smith Diana
Published: September 2024

Correspondence and mathematical papers generated by De Morgan can be found in numerous libraries throughout the British Isles and, to a lesser extent, in the United States. The collections are of different sizes and levels of importance, including family letters among others at Senate House Library, University of London, correspondence with publishers (letters to the Society for the Diffusion of Useful Knowledge at University College London) and communications with scientific organisations (the Royal Astronomical Society, kept at the RAS). Above all there are his letters to numerous scientists and mathematicians, such as Sir William Rowan Hamilton (Trinity College Dublin), Charles Babbage (British Library), William Whewell (Trinity College, Cambridge), Sir George Airy (Cambridge University Library), and Sir John Herschel (Royal Society). Some letters to De Morgan also survive through having been pasted into his books, now at Senate House Library. This chapter summarises the emphasis and salient features of each of the multiple archival collections to provide an overview, of a sort never attempted before.
12. Bibliography of the Works of Augustus De Morgan
Authors: Hale William
Published: September 2024

Previous attempts to catalogue De Morgan’s voluminous works can be found in Sophia De Morgan’s Memoir of her husband, published in 1882, and in G.C. Smith’s edition of The Boole-De Morgan Correspondence, which appeared a century later. I have combined and corrected these two lists, and supplemented them to produce the fullest and most detailed De Morgan bibliography currently available, comprising nearly 500 entries. This new bibliography is divided into three sections: monographs written solely by De Morgan, contributions by De Morgan to other books and encyclopaedic works, and journal articles.
Winter Lightning to the Lee of Lake Ontario: The Lake-Effect Electrification (LEE) Field Campaign
Authors: Steiger Scott M. , Bruning Eric C. , Chmielewski Vanna C. , Stano Geoffrey , Trostel John , Calhoun Kristin M. , Jesmonth Kaitlyn R. , Lamsma Bee , Lang Timothy , Laurinaitis Shaun , Losego Jessica , Ringhausen Jacquelyn S. , Stock Michael , Wang Yonggang , Waugh Sean M. , Weiss Stephanie A. , Weist Thomas , White Thomas
Published: September 2024

The National Science Foundation–sponsored Lake-Effect Electrification (LEE) field campaign intensive observation periods occurred between November and early February 2022–23 across the eastern Lake Ontario region. Project LEE documented, for the first time, the total lightning and electrical charge structures of lake-effect storms and the associated storm environment using a lightning mapping array (LMA), a mobile dual-polarization X-band radar, and balloon-based soundings that measured vertical profiles of temperature, humidity, wind, electric field, and hydrometeor types. LEE also observed abundant wind turbine-initiated lightning, which is climatologically more likely during the winter. The frequent occurrence of intense lake-effect storms and the proximity of a wind farm with nearly 300 turbines each more than 100 m tall to the lee of Lake Ontario provided an ideal laboratory for this study. The field project involved many undergraduate (>20) and graduate students. Some foreseen and unforeseen challenges included clearing the LMA solar panels of snow and continuous operation in low-sunlight conditions, large sonde balloons prematurely popping due to extremely cold conditions, sonde line breaking, recovering probes in deep snow in heavily forested areas, vehicles getting stuck in the snowpack, and an abnormally dry season for parts of the LEE domain. In spite of these difficulties, a dataset was collected in multiple lake-effect snowstorms (11 observation periods) and one extratropical cyclone snowstorm that clarifies the electrical structure of these systems. A key finding was the existence of a near-surface substantial positive charge layer (1 nC m−3) near the shoreline during lake-effect thunderstorms.
Car ownership after having children: Exploring the impacts of income and public transport accessibility
Authors: Lunke Erik B
Published: September 2024

Mobility research and theory suggests that new parents often develop a car-dependent way of living that runs counter to prevailing climate policies. In this context, the current study investigates the influence of public transport accessibility on car ownership among first-time parents in the Oslo region. Specific attention is paid to how the effect of accessibility varies with different income levels. Linear probability and fixed-effects models are applied to parents and a control group of non-parents to explore these relationships. The results show that public transport accessibility reduces the likelihood of car ownership in the years after family formation, although with larger impacts for some income groups than for others. Households with a high income combine car ownership with high access, whereas others seem to sacrifice one for the other. These findings have several policy implications. First, urban regions with a combination of gentrification in the central city and increasing poverty in suburban areas face a potential conflict between environmental and social sustainability. Finding ways to increase central-city opportunities for low- and medium-income families is a difficult but important step towards greater overall sustainability. Second, the reduction of car ownership among high-income households appears to require supplementary measures. The article ends with a discussion of the findings in the context of broader urban policy development, particularly in relation to the prioritisation of collective consumption.
Three-dimensional transient model analyses the influence of coke size on the evolution characteristics of iron sintering temperature field
Authors: Chen Jinchao , Kang Zengxin , Wu Zhaoxia
Published: September 2024

During the sintering process of iron ore, the size of coke is a crucial variable that affects the sintering efficiency and the quality of the sinter. Improper coke size will destroy the thermal balance during the sintering process, leading to under-burning or over-burning, causing the deterioration of the key metallurgical properties of the sinter. This study uses a three-dimensional transient model to numerically simulate the iron ore sintering process, which makes up for the shortcomings of traditional one-dimensional and two-dimensional models that ignore the heat transfer mechanism in the cross-sectional direction. By selecting typical coke sizes in sintering data, establishing a numerical simulation model of the sintering trolley grid system and multi-physics fields. Based on the simulation results, comprehensively analysed the similarities and differences of the combustion zone state, macroscopic temperature distribution, and sintering bed temperature curve under different coke size distribution conditions. On this basis, the influence of coke size on the evolution of temperature field in the whole sintering system was systematically studied. This study reveals the deep-seated relationship between coke size and various characteristics of the sintering process, which has important guiding significance for optimising iron ore sintering process parameters, improving sinter quality and sintering efficiency.
Estimating the occurrence of broken rails in commuter railroads with machine learning algorithms
Authors: Kang Di , Dai Junyan , Liu Xiang , Bian Zheyong , Zaman Asim , Wang Xin
Published: September 2024

Broken rail prevention is critical for ensuring track infrastructure safety. With the increasing availability of rail data, the opportunity for data-driven analyses emerges as a promising avenue for enhancing railroad safety. While previous research has predominantly concentrated on predicting broken rails within the context of freight railroads, the attention afforded to commuter railroads has been limited. To address this research gap, this paper presents an analytical modeling framework based on machine learning (ML) algorithms (including LightGBM, XGBoost, Random Forests, and Logistic Regression) to investigate the occurrence of broken rails on commuter rail segments. It leverages various features such as gradient, curvature, annual traffic, operational speed, and the history of prior rail defects. We use oversampling techniques, including ADASYN, random oversampling, and SMOTE, to address the issue of imbalanced data. This challenge arises due to the majority of commuter rail segments not experiencing any broken rails during the study period, resulting in a small sample size of broken rail instances. The findings indicate that, for the dataset employed in this study, LightGBM, in conjunction with random oversampling, exhibits superior performance. Based on the feature importance results, the critical factors influencing the prediction of broken rail occurrences on this commuter railroad are gradient, operational speed, and prior rail defects.
Clinician Perspective on Once-Daily Zanubrutinib Dosing for B-Cell Malignancies at a Single Center
Authors: Narang Mohit , Horn Courtney , Lee Edward
Published: September 2024

Zanubrutinib, a next-generation, irreversible, highly potent, and selective Bruton tyrosine kinase inhibitor, is approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration to treat patients with B-cell malignancies in 2 dose regimens: 160 mg twice daily (BID) and 320 mg once daily (QD). Although the 160 mg BID regimen was the recommended phase 2 dose and more widely used in clinical trials, both regimens have yielded similar efficacy and safety. Currently, there is a lack of reported clinician experience on zanubrutinib QD versus BID practice patterns. This article provides perspectives on zanubrutinib dosing through interviews with 2 clinical care professionals at the Maryland Oncology Hematology Center, based on their experiences treating patients with Waldenström macroglobulinemia (WM) or chronic lymphocytic leukemia/small lymphocytic lymphoma (CLL/SLL). Zanubrutinib QD is the preferred regimen for some physicians and pharmacists, as it may improve treatment adherence within weeks after initiation compared with BID dosing. According to the clinician interviews provided in this report, patients have reported positive experiences with QD dosing, including a reduced administration burden in those with complicated polypharmacy. Thus, observations from this single center indicate that the zanubrutinib QD regimen may offer benefits to both patients with WM or CLL/SLL and their clinical care teams and should be considered in patients receiving zanubrutinib.
Sombart’s war against the cultural decay of a capitalist world
Authors: Lenger Friedrich
Published: September 2024

By 1914, Friedrich Sombart was well known world-wide as a historian of modern capitalism and a knowledgeable sympathizer of the socialist labor movement. He had, however, already begun to rewrite his analysis of capitalism as a cultural critique of the modern world. The article analyses how this cultural critique lent itself to the translation into chauvinist hate speech when the First World War broke out. The resulting pamphlet on “Merchants and Heroes” was gross even by the standards of the time which helps explaining why Sombart was increasingly isolated from his colleagues most of whom were like Weber fierce nationalists themselves. The article investigates the various dimensions of this isolation and asks to what degree Sombart regained a more scholarly stance after 1918. While the final volume of his “Modern Capitalism” when it appeared in 1927 was well received even by a socialist reviewer like Rudolf Hilferding it has to be said that antisemitic and misogynist resentments characterized his postwar work throughout—a sad culmination being Sombart’s reduction of Rosa Luxemburg’s politics to the fourfold stigmatization of being Polish, Jewish, female and physically handicapped. In his case the First World War radicalized positions already present before and this radicalization impregnated the postwar work for good.
Covelent: The balancing act of GenAI adoption in consulting
Authors: Fischer Isabel
Published: September 2024

This strategic consulting case study centres on Covelent, a boutique consulting firm, and its approach to leveraging Generative Artificial Intelligence (GenAI) to deliver value to clients while maximising its own benefits from the technology. Founded in early 2023 by Nik Nicholas, Covelent serves Fortune Global 500 companies across diverse industries. The case explores the transformative potential of GenAI and reviews current obstacles to adoption such as concerns over data security, ethical implications, and the accuracy of AI-generated content. The case encourages students to analyse the balance between leveraging AI for business advantage and addressing associated risks, and raises questions on how to integrate technology, data, and people. Through this case students can explore ethical and practical considerations of innovations, as well as the broader corporate and societal implications of AI, fostering an understanding of the role of consulting firms, and organisations more broadly, in a rapidly evolving technological ecosystem. The case also leads to students developing insights into when to trust (and not to trust) GenAI for their own work.
Assessment of Current Evidence on the Impact of Electronic Health Record Transitions on the Patient Experience
Authors: Maddox Kyle , Herout Jennifer , Saleem Jason
Published: September 2024

Patient experience includes a wide range of interactions patients have with their health care system and its health information technology (HIT) including any patient portal associated with a health care system’s electronic health record (EHR). This paper describes currently available evidence to understand the impact of EHR-to-EHR transitions on the patient experience. The literature review revealed three key areas of impact: (1) access to care, (2) usability of the new patient portal, and (3) perceptions of a transition’s impact on quality of care. Careful planning and coordination can help streamline some of the effect on patient experience. The proliferation of EHR-to-EHR transitions makes understanding the impact on patient experience an important area of investigation. The lack of available literature on EHR transitions shows there is ample opportunity for further study.
Dialing in the Right Design: Insights from an Online Study of Pen-Injector Dose Dials
Authors: Jensen Rasmus , Wiese David , Nilsson Niels Christian , Anker Cecilie
Published: September 2024

The ability to select the correct dose when using pen-injectors is both a prerequisite for accurate delivery of medicinal products and a high priority for many users when choosing their treatment. A large body of published work has explored how different pen-injector designs affect safety and effectiveness. However, despite the importance of dose selection, publications on the design of dose dials remain scarce. Many pen-injectors enable users to vary the dose by twisting a dial and the selected dose is shown on an analogue scale drum. Thus, visual inspection is necessary to confirm that the correct dose has been selected, and it is crucial that the visual design of the scale drum accommodates selection of all possible doses. However, it is not always possible to represent all doses numerically on the scale, and users might need to rely on markings between numbers. This paper details an online user study (n=200) exploring how the readability of doses displayed on scale drums is affected by different scale drum designs. Specifically, we explored designs where (1) the scale is based on even or odd tens in increments of 20 (i.e., either 0, 20, 40, 60, etc. or 10, 30, 50, 70, etc.), and (2) the dose is represented by a numerical value or a line marking between two values. The study did not reveal differences between scale drums displaying odd and even tens, which might indicate that the two number representations are similar in terms of readability. However, the results suggest that it might be harder to read the current dose from a line marking than a number. Taken together, these results indicate that it is relevant to consider whether common doses are administered in an even or odd number of units when designing scale drums. Moreover, the results indicate that even-numbered endpoints on odd scales might be harder to read, and none of the compared designs were able to alleviate this problem completely. Finally, even though the online format limits ecological validity, the study yielded valuable insights about the relative readability of the compared design. Thus, the study indicates that surveys may be used as an inexpensive and effective supplement to physical studies.
How might we write about (the) human factor(s)?
Authors: Arnold Tim , Fuller Helen J.A. , Reeves Ruth
Published: September 2024

The expressions the human factor and human factors are sometimes used synonymously but also may have different meanings or at the very least different tones. Chapanis (1965) suggested that the human factors community should pay close attention to the “language of human engineering itself.” This attention should not only focus on fine-tuning verbose dialog and relaying complex concepts in simple terms but also should consider the divergent meanings behind expressions and how these may frame viewpoints and dialog. Explanations and interpretations draw from philosophies and shape conversations, and associated work. In this paper, we draw attention to diverse uses and meanings of the human factor and human factors describing how these differences may influence communication and approaches to work.