bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
FORMULATION OF GEL FROM GYNURA SEGETUM EXTRACT AND ITS ACTIVITY ON BURN WOUND HEALING
Authors: BUDIMAN ARIF , MUHARAM  , MAULIDA ANIDA CRISTI , AULIFA DIAH LIA
Published: March 2021

Objective: The aims of this study were to formulate gel from Gynura segetum (GS) extract and evaluate its burn-healing activity.

Methods: GS extract was formulated using carbomer and carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) as a stabilizer with various concentrations. Furthermore, the gel of GS extract was evaluated, including organoleptic, pH and viscosity. A burn-healing evaluation was conducted by making a wound with a hot plate on male Wistar rats, and 600 mg of the gel was applied. Subsequently, the presence of erythema and width contraction of the burns were observed for 15 d.

Results: The result showed that the formulation containing 1 % of carbomer and 1.2 % of GS extract has the best physical stability. The gel also increased the rate of the healing process with decreased burn wound contraction (5.67 mm after 15 d) and the erythema than the control (8.50 mm after 15 d). The significance value was less than 0.05, indicating that the rate of the healing process was significantly different between the GS extract gel and the control.

Conclusion: This finding demonstrated that the gel of GS extract can significantly improve the burns wound healing process and may also be safely used for topical preparation.
"I am either all the way there or I am not. I don't know how to walk this middle line" (Skorczewski 109). The Impact of Manic and Depressive States on Anne Sexton's Poetic Depictions of Food.
Authors: Murphy Iona
Published: March 2021

This research explores poet Anne Sexton’s use of food imagery in To Bedlam and Part Way Back, focusing on the way food is presented in contextual relation to the manic-depressive cycles Sexton was experiencing. This is placed within the socio-political climate of the 1950s-1960s which influences Sexton’s relationship with food.
Распределение напряжений при статическом растяжении цилиндрических образцов из мелко- и крупнозернистого алюминиевого сплава 6101
Authors: Магомедова Д.К. , Чуракова А.А.
Published: March 2021

Проблема расчета прочности и долговечности различных конструкций из металлов является одной из важнейших в современном мире. Для ее решения необходимо понимание определенных механических критериев материала, таких как прочность, пластичность и др. [1, 2]. В данной работе приводятся данные расчета и указан характер распределения критических напряжений, которые определяют зарождение пор внутри материала, в данном случае в Al-6101, при статическом нагружении. Зарождение и слияние пор представляют собой первую стадию разрушения материала. При наличии данных о критических напряжениях материала можно
спрогнозировать его дальнейшее разрушение [3, 4].
Calculation of strength and durability of various metal structures presents one of the most significant tasks in the contemporary world. To achieve it, the different mechanical criteria of the material, such as strength, ductility, etc. [1, 2] should be known. The calculation data
and t distribution pattern of critical stresses that define formation of pores in the material (in our case, Al-6101) under static loading are presented in this article. The first phase of material fracture is the pore formation and merging. Therefore, its subsequent fracture can be estimated using the data on the critical stresses of the material [3, 4].
Особенности концентрационного влияния гидротермального нанокремнезема при предпосевной обработке семян растений на показатели биомассы и высоты ростков при проращивании в темноте
Authors: Зеленков В.Н. , Латушкин В.В. , Потапов В.В. , Карпачев В.В. , Косолапов В.М. , Синеговская В.Т. , Иванова М.И. , Лапин А.А. , Верник П.А.
Published: March 2021

В работе представлены результаты скрининговых исследований 14 сельскохозяйственных растений с отличающимися биологическими и хозяйственно-полезными свойствами (17 генотипов, включая разные виды, сорта и гибриды) по оценке влияния гидротермального нанокремнезема на биомассу и высоту ростков при темновом проращивании. Выявлено четыре основных типа отклика (реакции) растений в изученном диапазоне концентраций (0,05; 0,01; 0,005; 0,001 и 0,0005%). Данные закономерности характерны как для показателя биомассы ростков, так и их высоты. Отмечена существенная роль генетического и эпигенетического факторов в формировании отзывчивости растений на применение гидротермального нанокремнезема при проращивании семян.

The research presents the results of screening studies of 14 agricultural plants with different biological and useful economic properties (17 genotypes, including different species, varieties, and hybrids) to assess the effect of hydrothermal nanosilica on biomass and sprout height in the dark growth germination. Four main types of plant response were revealed in the studied concentration range (0.05, 0.01, 0.005, 0.001 and 0.0005%). These dependencies are characteristic both of the biomass sprout indicator and of the sprout height. The essential role of genetic and epigenetic factors in the formation of the plant response when using
hydrothermal nanosilica in seed germination is pointed out.
Anomalías morfológicas y cromáticas en murciélagos de Chiapas, México
Authors: Martínez-Coronel Matías , Verona-Trejo Martha Isela , Hortelano-Moncada Yolanda
Published: March 2021

RESUMENCon base en ejemplares capturados en la cueva “Los Laguitos”, Chiapas, se da a conocer el primer caso de braquidactilia en un murciélago mexicano, que corresponde a un juvenil de Leptonycteris yerbabuenae. Asimismo, reportamos dos nuevos casos del fenotipo “manchas blancas” en murciélagos mexicanos; uno corresponde a un juvenil de Natalus mexicanus y el otro a una hembra adulta de Mormoops megallophyla. Éstos representan el primer y segundo caso de su especie respectivamente.Palabras clave: Braquidactilia, fenotipo de manchas blancas, hipopigmentación, leucismo, murciélagos tropicales, piebaldismo.ABSTRACTWith specimens captured in the cave “Los Laguitos”, Chiapas, Mexico, here we report the first case of brachydactyly for a Mexican bat, which corresponds to a juvenile of Leptonycteris yerbabuenae. Likewise, we report two new cases of the “white spots” phenotype for Mexican bats, one corresponds to a juvenile of Natalus mexicanus and the other to an adult female of Mormoops megallophyla, which represent the first and second cases of their species, respectively.Key words: Brachidactily, hypopigmentation, leucism, piebald, tropical bats, white spots phenotype.
Dos nuevos registros de Vampyrum spectrum  in Honduras
Authors: Mejía-Quintanilla David Josué , Suazo-Euceda Juan Pablo , Flores Arturo , Gabriel Jackson Morgan , Marineros Leonel
Published: March 2021

RESUMENDe las 113 especies de murciélagos que están registradas en Honduras, Vampyrum spectrum es una de las especies con menos registros publicados. A nivel global se considera dentro de la categoría Casi Amenazada, mientras que en Honduras esta clasificada como una especie de Preocupación Especial. Esta nota tiene como objetivo presentar dos nuevos registros de Vampyrum spectrum en Honduras. El primero fue realizado en la zona de amortiguamiento del Parque Nacional Sierra de Agalta en el municipio de Catacamas, Olancho. El segundo corresponde a un individuo muerto en la comunidad de Brus Laguna en el departamento de Gracias a Dios. Aún se necesita más información acerca de esta especie, pero de acuerdo con sus registros históricos y actuales, requiere sitios con estados de conservación moderados a buenos y con una conectividad arbórea alta para poder sobrevivir. Es necesario trabajar en programas de educación biológica para disminuir las amenazas a las poblaciones causadas por el desconocimiento y la desinformación que hay sobre esta y otras especies.Palabras clave: distribución, falso vampiro, miskitos, murciélagos. ABSTRACTOf the 113 species of bats registered in Honduras, Vampyrum spectrum is one of the species with few published records. It is considered within the Near Threatened Category, while In Honduras it is classify as a species of Special Concern. This note aims to present two new records of this species in Honduras. The first was carried out in the Sierra de Agalta National Park buffer zone in the municipality of Catacamas, Olancho. The second corresponds to an individual who died in the Brus Laguna community in Gracias a Dios department. More information about this species is still needed. According to its historical and current records, it requires sites with moderate to good conservation status and high tree connectivity to survive. It is necessary to work on biological education programs to reduce threats to populations caused by ignorance and misinformation about this and other species.Key words: bats, distribution, False Vampire, Miskitos.
Nuevos registros de mamíferos en el Centro de Oaxaca
Authors: Martínez-Coronel Matías , Hortelano-Moncada Yolanda
Published: March 2021

RESUMENEn esta nota documentamos la presencia de Chiroderma scopaeum y Molossus molossus en los Valles Centrales de Oaxaca por ejemplares capturados en redes. Con estos registros incrementa el número de especies de murciélagos distribuidos en esta región a 35. Asimismo, presentamos registros fotográficos de Otospermophilus variegatus en dos nuevas localidades de Oaxaca, una ubicada en las Montañas y Valles del Occidente y la otra en los Valles Centrales, que confirman la expansión de la especie hacia el sur de México.Palabras clave: Chiroderma scopaeum, Molossus molossus, Montañas y Valles del Occidente de Oaxaca, Otospermophilus variegatus, Valles Centrales de Oaxaca. ABSTRACTWith specimens captured in mist nets, we documented the presence of Chiroderma scopaeum and Molossus molossus in the Central Valleys of Oaxaca, these records increase to 35 the species of bats with distribution in this region. Likewise, we present photographic records of Otospermophilus variegatus from two new localities in Oaxaca, one located in the Western Mountains and Valleys and the other in the Central Valleys, which confirm the expansion of the species to southern Mexico.Key words: Central Valleys of Oaxaca, Chiroderma scopaeum, Molossus molossus, Otospermophilus variegatus, Western Mountains and Valleys of Oaxaca.
Reliability analysis of planar steel trusses based on p-box models
Authors: Soloveva Anastasia A. , Solovev Sergey A.
Published: March 2021

Introduction. The development of probabilistic approaches to the assessment of mechanical safety of bearing structural elements is one of the most relevant areas of research in the construction industry. In this research, probabilistic methods are developed to perform the reliability analysis of steel truss elements using the p-box (probability box) approach. This approach ensures a more conservative (interval-based) reliability assessment made within the framework of attaining practical objectives of the reliability analysis of planar trusses and their elements. The truss is analyzed as a provisional sequential mechanical system (in the language of the theory of reliability) consisting of elements that represent reliability values for each individual bar and truss node in terms of all criteria of limit states.

Materials and methods. The co-authors suggest using p-blocks consisting of two boundary distribution functions designated for modeling random variables in the mathematical models of limit states performed within the framework of the truss reliability analysis instead of independent true functions of the probability distribution of random variables. Boundary distribution functions produce a probability distribution domain in which a true distribution function of a random variable is located. However this function is unknown in advance due to the aleatory and epistemic uncertainty. The choice of a p-block for modeling a random variable will depend on the type and amount of statistical information about the random variable.

Results. The probabilistic snow load model and the numerical simulation of tests of steel samples of truss rods are employed to show that p-box models are optimal for modeling random variables to solve numerous practical problems of the probabilistic assessment of reliability of structural elements. The proposed p-box snow load model is based on the Gumbel distribution. The mathematical model used to perform the reliability analysis of planar steel truss elements is proposed. The co-authors provide calculation formulas to assess the reliability of a truss element for different types of p-blocks used to describe random variables depending on the amount of statistical data available.

Conclusions. The application of statistically unsubstantiated hypotheses for choosing the probability distribution law or assessing the parameters of the probability distribution of a random variable leads to erroneous assessments of the reliability of structural elements, including trusses. P-boxes ensure a more careful reliability assessment of a structural element, but at the same time this assessment is less informative, as it is presented in the form of an interval. A more accurate reliability interval requires interval-based assessments of distribution parameters or types of p-boxes applied to mathematical models of the limit state, which entails an increase in the economic and labor costs of the statistical data.
CONTRATAÇÕES PÚBLICAS PARA O ENFRENTAMENTO DA PANDEMIA: OS DESAFIOS DA APLICAÇÃO DO PRINCÍPIO DA EFICIÊNCIA
Authors: Ferreira Gustavo Assed , Castro Rafael Assed de
Published: March 2021

O presente trabalho busca analisar os efeitos decorrentes da pandemia do novo vírus Sars-CoV-2 (“Covid-19”) no âmbito do Direito Administrativo, especificamente nos contratos administrativos. Tem como objetivo principal analisar se a edição da Lei federal nº 13.979, de 6 de fevereiro de 2020, de fato, conseguiu atender aos postulados do princípio da eficiência administrativa ao mesmo tempo em que “flexibilizou” e alargou as hipóteses de dispensa de licitação durante a persistência da atual pandemia. O método de pesquisa adotado foi o dialético, tendo como fundamento a pesquisa bibliográfica e doutrinária. Verificou-se, no decorrer deste trabalho, que, em que pese a urgência e necessidade de edição de diplomas normativos para o enfrentamento desta crise sanitária mundial, é necessário fazê-lo com mais cautela e prudência, evitando-se assim abusos como os relatados no corpo deste texto.
A LIBERDADE DE EXPRESSÃO NA INTERNET: DA ANÁLISE LEGAL E JURISPRUDENCIAL DA TEMÁTICA
Authors: Kopstein Marcos Antunes , Zanella Diego Carlos
Published: March 2021

Busca-se neste trabalho investigar os regramentos jurídicos do Brasil, maiormente as estipulações constitucionais e posteriormente o Código Civil de 2002 que tratam acerca da liberdade de expressão, mas não somente em ambientes físicos como também através da internet. Sabe-se ainda que a referida é um direito fundamental para todos os cidadãos do país, apesar de não ser um direito absoluto, não podendo ir de encontro a outras garantias constitucionais, como a privacidade e a honra. Para além, faz-se um parâmetro entre as estipulações legais e a interpretação do Poder Judiciário brasileiro acerca da liberdade de expressão, como ela funciona, sua relevância para a sociedade e quando ela ultrapassa os limites do tolerável, se tornando abusiva e devendo ser punível. Dessa forma, analisam-se três decisões jurisprudenciais que abordam a temática da liberdade de expressão na internet, investigando-se a ocorrência ou não da formação de ato ilícito que acarreta ou não na existência de danos morais puníveis civilmente através de indenização pecuniária. Logo, objetiva-se clarificar o entendimento jurídico a respeito da liberdade de expressão na internet como direito básico e cada mais vez presente na sociedade brasileira.
CRIME DE POSSE DE DROGAS PARA CONSUMO PRÓPRIO: COMENTÁRIOS A PARTIR DA NOÇÃO DE OFENSIVIDADE EM DIREITO PENAL E DOS CRIMES DE PERIGO
Authors: Vieira Anderson , Fandelli Isadora Costi
Published: March 2021

O presente estudo aborda a temática da (i)legitimidade constitucional do crime de posse de drogas para consumo próprio, previsto no artigo 28, da Lei nº 11.343/06, sob a óptica do princípio da ofensividade e dos crimes de perigo em direito penal. Inicialmente, estabeleceu-se a seguinte problemática de pesquisa, mais especificamente, considerando os ditames da ofensividade em direito penal, em que medida é legítima a criminalização da posse de drogas para consumo próprio? Ao término, a hipótese é verificada e tem-se a conclusão de que não é legítima a criminalização da conduta de possuir drogas para uso próprio, pois embora seja um delito de perigo abstrato com presunção de perigo ao bem jurídico, efetivamente não atinge nenhum bem jurídico individual ou coletivo pois o uso de drogas trata-se de autolesão. Para a realização do estudo, utilizou-se a metodologia hipotético-dedutiva, e como técnica de pesquisa, foi utilizada a bibliográfico-exploratória.
SOFRIMENTO, EXTERIORIDADE E SUBJETIVIDADE JURÍDICA: ALGUMAS INDAGAÇÕES POLÍTICAS
Authors: Almeida Leonardo Monteiro Crespo de
Published: March 2021

O presente artigo pretende desenvolver uma associação entre os conceitos de sofrimento, exterioridade e subjetividade jurídica. Para fins de desenvolvimento dessa relação, o artigo recorre aos direitos humanos como fio condutor que permite pensar algumas maneiras pelas quais o sofrimento pode impulsionar importantes transformações sociais que problematizam as narrativas coletivamente compartilhadas, sejam elas referentes à identidade, à etnia, à herança cultural, etc. Através dessas transformações, sustenta o artigo, novas formas de sujeitos, eventos e relações sociais podem surgir, modificando, por vezes radicalmente, as estruturas normativas da política e dos direitos estabelecidos.
O DESENVOLVIMENTO DO DIREITO PENAL INTERNACIONAL
Authors: Feitosa Renato Almeida , Colen Guilherme Coelho
Published: March 2021

A jurisdição penal internacional ainda hoje é questão controversa no tocante à sua incidência, sobretudo face ao princípio da soberania e de fatores políticos estranhos ao direito. Este artigo traz o largo e frágil processo de desenvolvimento deste ramo do direito, mostrando suas fundações e esboçando alguns dos fatores que apontariam, em função do princípio da legalidade, para a instabilidade do mesmo.
A ATIPICIDADE MATERIAL DO FATO CORRESPONDENTE AO TRÁFICO DE DROGAS FRENTE AO PRINCÍPIO DA INSIGNIFICÂNCIA
Authors: Chaves Junior Airto , Tamanini Samara Sandra
Published: March 2021

Pela via do método dedutivo subsidiado pela pesquisa bibliográfica, a presente pesquisa tem por objeto o estudo do Princípio da Insignificância ao fato que corresponde formalmente ao tipo penal do tráfico de drogas na modalidade “vender”. Objetiva-se analisar se é adequado, político-criminalmente, afastar a tipicidade material da conduta do agente que comercializa ínfima quantia de drogas, tendo em vista a ausência de perigo de lesão grave à Saúde Pública. Assim, questiona-se: diante do Princípio da Intervenção Mínima e do bem jurídico declaradamente tutelado pela norma que trata da matéria (Lei 11.343/2006, art. 33, caput), é possível afastar a tipicidade material da conduta do agente que vende ínfima quantia de drogas? Justifica-se a pesquisa frente ao descompasso entre a orientação dos Tribunais Superiores do Brasil (tipicidade penal da conduta independentemente da quantia comercializada) e os fundamentos teóricos do Princípio da Intervenção Mínima, a vista da ofensividade ao Bem Jurídico que justifica o processo de incriminação. Com o encerramento do presente trabalho, conclui-se que é possível afastar a tipicidade material (e consequentemente a tipicidade penal) do comportamento do agente que comercializa inexpressiva quantidade de droga, tendo em vista que o perigo de lesão (ou a possibilidade de lesão) à Saúde Pública admite graduação, a qual deve ser observada no caso concreto. E essa análise do conteúdo material do delito é necessária em todos os tipos de injusto, inclusive naqueles de perigo abstrato, como é o caso do crime de tráfico de drogas.
LEI DE IMPROBIDADE ADMINISTRATIVA: COMBATE À CORRUPÇÃO E INSTRUMENTO DE CONCRETIZAÇÃO DOS DIREITOS FUNDAMENTAIS
Authors: Janini Tiago Cappi , Abreu Luiz Rogério de
Published: March 2021

O combate à corrupção vem ganhando cada vez mais força no cenário nacional, desenvolvendo e aperfeiçoando efetivos mecanismos jurídicos destinados a combatê-la. Uma das mais graves consequências que pode ser atribuída à corrupção é o enfraquecimento de uma boa administração e a redução do orçamento público, atingindo frontalmente a concretização dos direitos fundamentais. Combater a corrupção é atribuir maiores condições para se dar efetividade aos direitos fundamentais. Nesse contexto, este trabalho tem a seguinte problemática: a Lei de Improbidade Administrativa combate a corrupção e, por consequência, concretiza os direitos fundamentais? Diante disso, o presente estudo, utilizando-se do método dedutivo, tem como objetivo geral demonstrar a hipótese de que a Lei de Improbidade Administrativa, ainda que de forma indireta, concretiza os direitos fundamentais ao combater a corrupção. Seus objetivos específicos são buscar uma definição para “corrupção”, analisar o regime jurídico administrativo e a conduta corrupta como violadora dos princípios administrativos, destacar a corrupção como obstáculo a concretização dos direitos fundamentais e examinar a Lei de Improbidade Administrativa e sua relação com o combate à corrupção e à efetivação dos direitos fundamentais. Ao final, conclui-se que a Lei de Improbidade Administrativa, mesmo que indiretamente, é um importante instrumento jurídico de combate à corrupção.
Hocus Pocus: using comics to promote skepticism about the paranormal
Authors: Wiseman Richard , Collver Jordan , Worth Rik , Watt Caroline
Published: March 2021

This study investigated the potential for comics to promote skepticism about the paranormal. Participants rated their interest in comics, read a skeptical account of alleged paranormal phenomena in one of three mediums (text, comic, and comic containing an interactive magic trick), and then rated their engagement, skepticism and recall. The text was rated as more interesting and entertaining than the comics, and participants' prior interest in comics positively correlated with engagement and shift in skepticism. This suggests that for certain cohorts, comics may be an effective way to promote engagement and attitude change. The implications for future work are considered.
Proposta de Aprendizagem Integrada de Matemática e Programação com Abordagens do Pensamento Computacional no Jogo Robocode
Authors: Meira Matheus Carvalho , Alves Karlan Ricomini , Tavares Luis Antonio , Diório Rafael Fernando , Amaral Sergio Ferreira do
Published: March 2021

Estudantes das novas gerações, imersos num contexto digital, podem demonstrar desmotivações quando inseridos somente em ambientes considerados como tradicionais para ensino de disciplinas como matemática. Planejar ambientes com jogos digitais podem ser uma estratégia lúdica para ensino de matemática e programação de computadores. A presente proposta apresenta desafios no ambiente do jogo educacional com simulador de robôs, Robocode. Os desafios foram construídos a partir das abordagens do Pensamento Computacional e apresentam aportes entre conceitos matemáticos e de programação de computadores para determinar estratégias de comportamento e a programação dos robôs dentro do jogo. Os conteúdos pertinentes à matemática estão relacionados ao ensino e aprendizagem do plano cartesiano e são integrados à linguagem de programação com conceitos introdutórios na orientação à objetos. Os resultados apontam que a integração das disciplinas em um ambiente de jogo, devidamente planejado, pode apoiar o ensino e aprendizagem dos conteúdos matemáticos e computacionais de modo lúdico.
Resumos de Teses
Authors: Gomes Raquel Salcedo
Published: March 2021

Resumos de Teses
V. 23, n. 3, 2020
A educação antirracista: vivências e percepções de duas estudantes do IFMT
Authors: Bazzi Fabiane Vitoria , Cesco Valemdolf Maria Júlia , De Oliveira Carvalho Renata
Published: March 2021

O presente ensaio aborda as representações do negro na sociedade brasileira, na qual a escola ocupa um lugar significativo. Problematiza a educação antirracista no IFMT frente à lei 10.639/03, discutindo as representações impostas ao negro como ser de cultura, traços e feições inferiorizadas e subalternizadas historicamente. Como ponto de partida metodológico, criamos uma tirinha (quadrinhos) que tenciona a desigualdade racial brasileira, mais o presente texto que assenta as reflexões que trazemos enquanto estudantes da educação básica acerca de como percebemos a materialidade da educação antirracista no âmbito escolar, refletindo como esta importante demanda pode avançar.
Educação antirracista: ausências e urgências na fiscalização do Art.26-A LDBEN no contexto escolar
Authors: Neto da Rosa Graziela Oliveira
Published: March 2021

O presente artigo apresenta reflexões sobre a implementação do artigo 26-A da LDBEN no contexto escolar e os reflexos do Racismo Estrutural numa proposta de Educação Antirracista. Para tanto, tem-se como objetivo compreender a implementação das leis 10.639/03 e 11.645/08 e a fiscalização do Tribunal de Contas do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul (TCE-RS) em relação ao art.26-A da LDBEN nos municípios do RS. Esta pesquisa se debruça sobre a implementação/cumprimento das referidas leis, a criação de normativas municipais, as disciplinas em que são ministradas a história e cultura afro-brasileira e indígena e os níveis de ensino da educação básica em que estão sendo implementadas ou não as leis 10.639/03 e 11.645/08. Os resultados revelam que ainda há diversos municípios que não implementaram o artigo 26-A no currículo escolar, assim como não há aplicabilidade das leis nos diferentes níveis da educação básica.
Inquietudes de duas pesquisadoras quanto às reflexões de profissionais da educação infantil diante das relações etnicorraciais e o preconceito face aos imigrantes
Authors: Maçaneiro Gisele Romildes , Bailer Cyntia
Published: March 2021

Os pressupostos apresentados neste estudo são recorte de uma pesquisa em desenvolvimento num Programa de Pós-graduação em Educação e tem como base a Sociologia da infância, a educação para as relações etnicorraciais e o preconceito face aos imigrantes diante da construção social. A coleta de dados foi realizada utilizando questionário com profissionais da Educação Infantil da Prefeitura Municipal de Florianópolis via e-mail e conversas via aplicativo de mensagem. Procurou-se, diante das respostas dos profissionais, refletir sobre posturas sociais naturalizadas no cotidiano das instituições educativas e com isso, sobre as formas como tais práticas socioeducativas produzem e revelam as questões etnicorraciais de forma estrutural. Considerando um discurso ainda muito forte das imagens racialmente propagadas da branquitude e a compreensão da existência de privilégios diante da cor, esta pesquisa constitui mais um subsídio para reflexões diante destas relações etnicorraciais.
The impact of regulation governance on financial system efficiency: The importance of consumer behavior
Authors: von Borowski Dodl Alessandra
Published: March 2021

This study focuses on the value structure that correlates improvements in the financial services consumer’s decision-making quality with the development of their autonomy. The discussion is based on the concepts of ceremonial and instrumental values, according to Bush (1987). We anchor our analysis on the premise that there is still room for enhancing the results within the National Financial System – NFS – by broadening the scope of initiatives on financial services consumers’ education and protection (von Borowski Dodl, 2020). Strengthening this perspective, we emphasize the consumer’s role as an agent and the relevance of taking decisions according to their life plans. The analysis is undertaken through the institutional literature lens, considering both schools of thought: Original Institutional Economics (OIE) (drawing on Tauheed, 2013a, 2013b) and New Institutional Economics (NIE) (focusing on North, 1990). From the conjunction of the theoretical apparatus and the applied analysis, we propose a governance policy within the NFS aimed at increasing its efficiency. Effective communication between stakeholders and consumers’ participation in the structuring of institutions – by publicly evincing their political power – hold the potential for promoting governance effectiveness. Additionally, although the approach taken focuses on the NFS, the diagnosis process carried out in this study can be easily reproduced in other contexts.
Synthesis, chemical characterization, and µ-opioid receptor activity assessment of the emerging group of ‘nitazene’ 2-benzylbenzimidazole synthetic opioids
Authors: Vandeputte Marthe , Uytfanghe Katleen Van , Layle Nathan , Germaine Danielle St. , Iula Donna , Stove Christophe
Published: March 2021

Several 2-benzylbenzimidazole opioids (also referred to as ‘nitazenes’)
recently emerged on the illicit market. The most frequently encountered
member, isotonitazene, has been identified in multiple fatalities since
its appearance in 2019. Although recent scheduling efforts targeted
isotonitazene, many other analogues remain unregulated. Being
structurally unrelated to fentanyl, little is known about the harm
potential of these compounds. In this study, ten nitazenes and four
metabolites were synthesized, analytically characterized via four
different techniques, and pharmacologically evaluated using two
cell-based β-arrestin2/mini-Gi recruitment assays monitoring µ-opioid
receptor (MOR) activation. Based on absorption spectra and retention
times, high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to diode-array
detection (HPLC-DAD) allowed differentiation between most analogues.
Time-of-flight mass spectrometry (LC-QTOF-MS) identified a fragment with
m/z 100.11 for 12/14 compounds, which could serve as a basis for
MS-based nitazene screening. MOR activity determination confirmed that
nitazenes are generally highly active, with potencies and efficacies of
several analogues exceeding that of fentanyl. Particularly relevant is
the unexpected very high potency of the N-desethyl-isotonitazene
metabolite, rivalling the potency of etonitazene and exceeding that of
isotonitazene itself. Supported by its identification in fatalities,
this likely has in vivo consequences. These results improve our
understanding of this emerging group of opioids by laying out an
analytical framework for their detection, as well as providing important
new insights into their MOR activation potential.
Spatial and host related genomic variation in partially sympatric cactophagous moth species
Authors: Poveda-Martínez Daniel , Varone Laura , Corona Malena Fuentes , Hight Stephen , Logarzo Guillermo , Hasson Esteban
Published: March 2021

Surveys of patterns of genetic variation in natural sympatric and
allopatric populations of recently diverged species are necessary to
understand the processes driving intra and interspecific
diversification. The South American moths Cactoblastis cactorum,
Cactoblastis doddi and Cactoblastis bucyrus are specialized in the use
of cacti as host plants. These species have different distribution
ranges and differ in patterns of host plant use. However, there are
areas in which their ranges overlap, as in northwestern Argentina, where
they are largely sympatric. Using a combination of genome-wide SNPs and
mitochondrial data we investigated the phylogeographic patterns of these
cactophilic moths and searched for footprints of hybridization.
Additionally, we evaluated a moth population feeding on Cleistocactus
baumannii, a plant never reported as a host for the genus. We identified
three well delimited species and detected signs of historical gene flow.
Our survey also revealed intraspecific geographic structure in both C.
doddi and C. cactorum and showed that the moth population feeding on C.
baumannii may be considered as conspecific to C. bucyrus. Overall, our
results indicated historical events of genetic interchange occurred in
Cactoblastis cactophagous moths, but host plants likely played an
important role during divergence limiting gene flow across species.
Efficiency of biochar, nitrogen addition and microbial agent amendments in remediation of soil properties and microbial community in mine soils
Authors: Kong Junqia , He Zhibin , Longfei Chen , Yang Rong , Du Jun
Published: March 2021

Lacking of systematic evaluations in soil quality and microbial
community recovery after different amendments addition limits
optimization of amendments combination in coal mine-soils. We performed
a short-term incubation experiment over 12 weeks to assess the effects
of three amendments (biochar: C; nitrogen fertilizer at three levels:
N-N1~N3; microbial agent at two levels:
M-M1~M2) based on C/N ratio (regulated by biochar and N
level: 35:1, 25:1, 12.5:1) on soil quality and microbial community in
the Qilian Mountains, China. Over the incubation period, soil pH and
MBC/MBN were significantly lower than unamended treatment in N addition
and C+M+N treatments, respectively. Soil organic carbon (SOC), total
nitrogen (TN), available nitrogen (AN), available phosphorus (AP),
available potassium (AK), microbial biomass carbon (MBC) and microbial
biomass nitrogen (MBN) contents had a significant increase in all
amended treatments (P<0.001). Higher AP, AK, MBC, MBN and
lower MBC/MBN were observed in N2-treated soil(corresponding to C/N
ratio of 25:1). Meanwhile, N2-treated soil significantly increased
species richness and diversity of soil bacterial community
(P<0.05). Principal coordinate analysis further showed that
soil bacterial community compositions were significantly separated by N
level. C-M-N treatments (especially at N2 and N1 levels) significantly
increased the relative abundance (>1%) of the bacterial
phyla Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes, and decreased the relative abundance
of fungal phyla Chytridiomycota (P<0.05). Redundancy analysis
illustrated the importance of soil nutrients in explaining variability
in bacteria community composition (74.73%) than fungal (35.0%). Our
results indicated that N and M addition based on biochar can improve
soil quality by neutralizing soil pH and increasing soil nutrient
contents, and the appropriate C/N ratio (25:1: biochar+N2-treated soil)
can better promote mass, richness and diversity of soil bacterial
community. Our study provided a new insight for achieving restoration of
damaged habitats by changing microbial structure, diversity and mass by
regulating C/N ratio of amendments
The meaning of an infinitely great velocity
Authors: Li Qing
Published: March 2021

An instantaneous velocity where clock at a moment only correponds to any
arbitrary distance or position of space can not be indicated in axiom 1,
but it indicates that there is only one dimensional existence,space or
time, where a certain moment of clock only corresponds to a specific
given length of space,not to any other distance.Further,each quantity of
space and time correponds only to itself. Instead of Relavity, A
velocity definition that consists of two dimensions representing
relationship between space and time is not valid and there is only one
dimensional space or time that is independent each other in axiom 1 .As
an result,the principle of relativity and Principle of constant velocity
of light are replaced by the principle of inertial system of axiom 1 and
principle of universal invariant velocity of axiom 1. Unlike two
dimensions whose magnutide is determined by the ratio,the magnutide of
single dimension is determined by the unit values of one dimension,which
indicates that an infinitely great velocity is meaningless,instead of
,there is only infinitely great space of one dimension and infinitely
long time of one dimension. Further,The extensions of finite quantities
of two inertial system in axiom 3 must only stay in the finite range,and
do not reach infinite distance. If two such inertial systems are
infinite versus finite,then it is known from axiom 3 that the change of
direction means infinite great and this extension of infinite great can
be defined to be inextensible.
PPA1 Regulates Systemic Insulin Sensitivity by Maintaining Adipocyte Mitochondria Function as a Novel PPARγ Target Gene
Authors: Yin Ye , Wu Yangyang , Zhang Xu , Zhu Yeting , Sun Yue , Yu Jiani , Gong Yufei , Sun Peng , Lin Haiyan , Han Xiao
Published: March 2021

Downregulation of mitochondrial function in adipose tissue is considered as one important driver for the development of obesity-associated metabolic disorders. Inorganic pyrophosphatase 1 (PPA1) is an enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of inorganic pyrophosphate to inorganic phosphate and is required for anabolism to take place in cells. Although alteration of PPA1 has been related to some diseases, the importance of PPA1 in metabolic syndromes has never been discussed. In this study, we found that global PPA1 knockout mice (PPA1+/–) showed impaired glucose tolerance and severe insulin resistance under high-fat-diet feeding. In addition, impaired adipose tissue development and ectopic lipid accumulation were observed. Conversely, overexpression of PPA1 in adipose tissue by adeno-associated virus injection can partly reverse the metabolic disorders in PPA1+/– mice, suggesting that impaired adipose tissue function is responsible for the metabolic disorders observed in PPA1+/– mice. Mechanistic studies revealed that PPA1 acted as a PPARγ target gene to maintain mitochondrial function in adipocytes. Furthermore, specific knockdown of PPA1 in fat body of Drosophila led to impaired mitochondria morphology, decreased lipid storage, and made Drosophila more sensitive to starvation. In conclusion, for the first time, our findings demonstrate the importance of PPA1 in maintaining adipose tissue function and whole-body metabolic homeostasis.
Relation of Lipoprotein(a) Levels to Incident Type 2 Diabetes and Modification by Alirocumab Treatment
Authors: Schwartz Gregory G. , Szarek Michael , Bittner Vera A. , Bhatt Deepak L. , Diaz Rafael , Goodman Shaun G. , Jukema J. Wouter , Loy Megan , Manvelian Garen , Pordy Robert , White Harvey D. , Steg Ph. Gabriel , Investigators the ODYSSEY OUTCOMES Committees and
Published: March 2021

OBJECTIVE

Observational
data associate greater prevalence of type 2 diabetes (T2D) with lower lipoprotein(a)
levels. Whether pharmacologic lowering of lipoprotein(a) influences incident T2D
is unknown. We determined the relationship of lipoprotein(a) concentration to incident
T2D and effects of treatment with alirocumab, a PCSK9 inhibitor.

RESEARCH
DESIGN AND METHODS

The ODYSSEY
OUTCOMES trial compared alirocumab with placebo in patients with acute coronary
syndrome (ACS). Incident diabetes was determined from laboratory, medication,
and adverse event data.

RESULTS

Among 13,480 patients
without diabetes at baseline, 1324 developed T2D over a median 2.7 years. Median
baseline lipoprotein(a) was 21.9 mg/dL. With placebo, 10 mg/dL lower baseline
lipoprotein(a) was associated with hazard ratio (HR) 1.04 (95% CI 1.02-1.06, P<0.001) for incident T2D. Alirocumab reduced lipoprotein(a) by a median 23.2% with
greater absolute reductions from higher baseline levels and no overall effect
on incident T2D (HR 0.95,
95% CI 0.85–1.05). At low baseline lipoprotein(a) levels alirocumab tended to reduce incident T2D, while at high
baseline lipoprotein(a) alirocumab tended to increase incident T2D compared to
placebo (treatment-baseline
lipoprotein(a) interaction P=0.006). In the alirocumab group, a 10 mg/dL decrease in
lipoprotein(a) from baseline was associated with HR 1.07 (95% CI 1.03−1.12; P=0.0002)
for incident T2D.

CONCLUSIONS

In patients with ACS, baseline lipoprotein(a)
concentration associated inversely with incident T2D. Alirocumab had neutral overall effect on incident
T2D. However, treatment-related reductions in lipoprotein(a), more pronounced
from high baseline levels, were associated with increased risk of incident T2D.
Whether these findings pertain to other therapies
that reduce lipoprotein(a) is undetermined.
PPA1 Regulates Systemic Insulin Sensitivity by Maintaining Adipocyte Mitochondria Function as a Novel PPARγ Target Gene
Authors: Yin Ye , Wu Yangyang , Zhang Xu , Zhu Yeting , Sun Yue , Yu Jiani , Gong Yufei , Sun Peng , Lin Haiyan , Han Xiao
Published: March 2021

Downregulation
of mitochondrial function in adipose tissue is considered as one important
driver for the development of obesity-associated metabolic disorders. Inorganic
Pyrophosphatase 1 (PPA1) is an enzyme catalyzes the hydrolysis of PPi to Pi,
and is required for anabolism to take place in cells. Although alternation of
PPA1 has been related to some diseases, the importance of PPA1 in metabolic
syndromes has never been discussed before. In this study, we found that global PPA1
knockout mice (PPA1+/-) showed impaired glucose tolerance and severe
insulin resistance under HFD feeding. In addition, impaired adipose tissue development
and ectopic lipid accumulation were also observed. Conversely, overexpression
of PPA1 in adipose tissue by AAV injection can partly reverse the metabolic
disorders in PPA1+/- mice, suggesting that impaired adipose tissue
function is responsible for the metabolic disorders observed in PPA1+/- mice.
Mechanistic studies revealed that PPA1 acted as a PPARγ target gene to maintain
mitochondrial function in adipocytes. Furthermore, specific knockdown of PPA1
in fat body of Drosophila led to impaired
mitochondria morphology, decreased lipid storage, and made Drosophila more sensitive to starvation. In conclusion, for the
first time, our findings demonstrated the importance of PPA1 in maintaining
adipose tissue function and whole body metabolic homeostasis.
Rüzgâr Türbinlerinde Kiriş Yapısının Performansa Etkisinin Sayısal Olarak İncelenmesi
Authors: TANÜRÜN Himmet Erdi , AKIN Ahmet Giray , ACIR Adem
Published: March 2021

Rüzgâr türbinlerinde kanat modelleri yüksek performans için büyük öneme haizdir. Bu çalışmada, rüzgâr türbini kanat profili yaygın olarak kullanılan NACA 2412 modelinde kiriş yapısının aerodinamik performansa etkisi sayısal olarak incelenmiştir. RHİNOCEROS programı ile modellenen kanat profilleri ANSYS FLUENT programı ile akış analizleri yapılmıştır. Sayısal analizler, 3,24x105 Reynolds sayısında (Re) ve k-ε realizable türbülans modeli kullanılarak gerçekleştirilmiştir. 0,25 m veter uzunluğuna bağlı olarak kanat profillerinin açıklık oranı 5’tir. Serbest hava akım hızının 20 m/s olduğu çalışmada kanat profilleri kaldırma (CL), sürüklenme (CD) katsayıları ve aerodinamik performansı (CL / CD) incelenmiştir. Düz kanat profili (K0), maksimum kaldırma katsayısına 22,5° hücum açısında ulaşırken, kiriş yapısı ile modifiye edilmiş kanat (K1) profili 25° hücum açısında ulaşmıştır. K1 kanadının maksimum CL değeri 1,1462 olup K0 kanadının maksimum değerinden %1 fazladır. İrtifa kaybı sonrası, K1 kanat profilinin ortalama CL / CD değeri K0 kanadının ortalama değerinden %5 fazla olarak gerçekleşmiştir. Kiriş yapısı yüksek hücum açılarında, aerodinamik performansa olumlu yönde etkisi bulunmaktadır.
Hvordan kan vi beskytte valg mot fremmed påvirkning?
Authors: Karlsen Geir Hågen
Published: March 2021

Russisk påvirkning av presidentvalget i 2016 har skapt frykt for manipulasjon av valg i Vesten. Både EU og USA forventer at trusselen vedvarer, og at nye metoder og kapasiteter utvikles. Artikkelen beskriver hva valgpåvirkning er, og hvordan slik påvirkning gjennomføres. Den gjør en systematisk gjennomgang av litteratur om beskyttelse av valg, og funnene sammenfattes i seks temaer med til sammen 38 mulige tiltak for å hindre valgpåvirkning: 1) bevisstgjøring; 2) forebygging; 3) samarbeide og koordinering; 4) beskyttende tiltak; 5) aktive mottiltak og avskrekking; 6) forskning, læring og kompetansebygging. Alle tiltak krever nøye vurdering av økonomiske, politiske, juridiske, praktiske og andre implikasjoner, samt særlig forholdet til demokrati og ytringsfrihet. Avslutningsvis påpekes fire problemstillinger som særlig aktuelle for videre vurdering: 1) bevisstgjøring via medier, samt målrettet mot partier og valgorganisasjon; 2) en helhetlig gjennomgang av trusler, sårbarhet og beskyttelsestiltak, særlig datasikkerhet; 3) forskning og utvikling; 4) avskrekking og eksponering av påvirkning. Mange tiltak er inngripende, særlig i forhold til demokrati, ytringsfrihet, sensur og selvsensur, og de viktigste utfordringer, begrensninger og kritikk mot restriktive tiltak gjennomgås. Vi må unngå at tiltak for å beskytte demokratiet i seg selv undergraver demokratiet.
Abstract in English:How Can Elections Be Protected Against Foreign Interference?Russian interference in the 2016 US presidential election have caused fear for manipulation of elections in the West. Both the EU and the US see this as a persistent threat and expect new methods and capabilities to emerge. This article describes election interference and how it has been conducted. It reviews literature about protection of elections, and summarises the findings in six themes with a total of 38 possible measures: 1) awareness, 2) prevention, 3) cooperation and coordination, 4) protective measures, 5) active countermeasures and deterrence, 6) research and competence building. All measures require careful consideration of economic, political, legal, practical and other implications, and especially consequences for democracy and freedom of speech. Finally, four issues are proposed as particularly relevant for further consideration: 1) awareness through media, and also especially targeted at political parties and the election organisation, 2) a comprehensive assessment of threats, vulnerabilities and protective measures, especially in terms of data protection, 3) research and development, 4) deterrence and exposure of interference. Many of the measures are far-reaching when it comes to democracy, freedom of speech, censorship and self-censorship, and the article reviews challenges, limitations and critique of such restrictive measures. It is essential that measures to protect democracy in themselves do not undermine democracy.