bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Decay Rate of Escherichia coli in a Mountainous Tropical Headwater Wetland
Authors: Nakhle Paty , Boithias Laurie , Pando-Bahuon Anne , Thammahacksa Chanthamousone , Gallion Nicolas , Sounyafong Phabvilay , Silvera Norbert , Latsachack Keooudone , Soulileuth Bounsamay , Rochelle-Newall Emma J. , Marcangeli Yoan , Pierret Alain , Ribolzi Olivier
Published: July 2021

Surface water contamination by pathogen bacteria remains a threat to public health in the rural areas of developing countries. Fecal indicator bacteria (FIB) like Escherichia coli (E. coli) are widely used to assess water contamination, but their behavior in tropical ecosystems is poorly documented. Our study focused on headwater wetlands which are likely to play a key role in stream water purification of fecal pollutants. Our main objectives were to: (i) evaluate decay rates (k) of the total, particle-attached and free-living E. coli; (ii) quantify the relative importance of solar radiation exposition and suspended particles deposition on k; and (iii) investigate E. coli survival in the deposited sediment. We installed and monitored 12 mesocosms, 4500 mL each, across the main headwater wetland of the Houay Pano catchment, northern Lao People’s Democratic Republic (Lao PDR), for 8 days. The four treatments with triplicates were: sediment deposition-light (DL); sediment deposition-dark (DD); sediment resuspension-light (RL); and sediment resuspension-dark (RD). Particle-attached bacteria predominated in all mesocosms (97 ± 6%). Decay rates ranged from 1.43 ± 0.15 to 1.17 ± 0.13 day−1 for DL and DD treatments, and from 0.50 ± 0.15 to −0.14 ± 0.37 day−1 for RL and RD treatments. Deposition processes accounted for an average of 92% of E. coli stock reduction, while solar radiation accounted for around 2% over the experiment duration. The sampling of E. coli by temporary resuspension of the deposited sediment showed k values close to zero, suggesting potential survival or even growth of bacteria in the sediment. The present findings may help parameterizing hydrological and water quality models in a tropical context.
Automated Targeted Sampling of Waterborne Pathogens and Microbial Source Tracking Markers Using Near-Real Time Monitoring of Microbiological Water Quality
Authors: Burnet Jean-Baptiste , Habash Marc , Hachad Mounia , Khanafer Zeinab , Prévost Michèle , Servais Pierre , Sylvestre Emile , Dorner Sarah
Published: July 2021

Waterborne pathogens are heterogeneously distributed across various spatiotemporal scales in water resources, and representative sampling is therefore crucial for accurate risk assessment. Since regulatory monitoring of microbiological water quality is usually conducted at fixed time intervals, it can miss short-term fecal contamination episodes and underestimate underlying microbial risks. In the present paper, we developed a new automated sampling methodology based on near real-time measurement of a biochemical indicator of fecal pollution. Online monitoring of β-D-glucuronidase (GLUC) activity was used to trigger an automated sampler during fecal contamination events in a drinking water supply and at an urban beach. Significant increases in protozoan parasites, microbial source tracking markers and E. coli were measured during short-term (<24 h) fecal pollution episodes, emphasizing the intermittent nature of their occurrence in water. Synchronous triggering of the automated sampler with online GLUC activity measurements further revealed a tight association between the biochemical indicator and culturable E. coli. The proposed event sampling methodology is versatile and in addition to the two triggering modes validated here, others can be designed based on specific needs and local settings. In support to regulatory monitoring schemes, it should ultimately help gathering crucial data on waterborne pathogens more efficiently during episodic fecal pollution events.
Experimental Study on the Streaming Potential Phenomenon Response to Compactness and Salinity in Soil–Rock Mixture
Authors: Zhang Xin , Zhao Mingjie , Wang Kui
Published: July 2021

The study on the effect of material structure and solution properties on the streaming potential of the soil–rock mixture (SRM) will be beneficial for improving the reliability of the measurement results for self-potential monitoring in embankment dams. We design two experimental groups and investigate the changes of potential and pressure during seepage of SRM (slightly clay materials) with different compactness and different concentration. The effects of the compaction degree and solution concentration on the streaming potential coupling coefficient and streaming potential were analyzed. The test results demonstrate that when the clay content in soil matrix is slight, the potential has a linear relationship with the hydraulic head difference, and seepage obeys Darcy’s law. The surface conductivity is negligible at 0.01 M (1 M corresponds to a concentration of 58.4 g L−1) salinity, the compactness of the SRM decreases (the permeability coefficient increases), the apparent streaming potential coupling coefficient and pressure difference decrease is the reason streaming potential decreases. The permeability coefficient of the SRM is not affected by the change in salinity (0.0001–1 M) at 85% compactness, and its seepage characteristics are related to the mineral composition, morphology and the thickness of the bound water layer (electric double layer). This study lays a foundation for further research on the self-potential method to monitor the structure of embankment dams.
Study on the Comprehensive Improvement of Ecosystem Services in a China’s Bay City for Spatial Optimization
Authors: Fang Ying , Zhai Tianlin , Zhao Xiaodong , Chen Kun , Guo Baishu , Wang Jing
Published: July 2021

Ecosystem services are characterized by region and scale, and contribute to human welfare. Taking Yantai city, a typical bay city in China, as the example, its three representative ecosystem services: food supply (FS), carbon sequestration (CS) and water yield (WY) were chosen as study targets. Based on analyzation of six different aspects of the supply and variation characteristic of demand, this study tried to propose advices for comprehensive improvement of ecosystem services for spatial optimization. The results showed that: (1) ecosystem services supply was strong in central and southern areas of Yantai, while the northern coastal areas were relatively weak; (2) synergistic relationships were found of FS-CS, FS-WY and CS-WY both in 2009 and 2015, with the strongest one for FS-WY. Additionally, in the synergistic relationships, each pair of ecosystem services was dominated by one ecosystem service; (3) most of the three pairs of synergistic relationships had the tendency to strengthen with larger scales; (4) four ecosystem demands changing areas were observed and comprehensive improvement suggestions for them were proposed. This work provides a new attempt to improve ecosystem services based on its supply-demand relationship, which will give a baseline reference for related studies in Yantai city, as well as other similar bay cities.
Order and control of emissions of the fulfilled gases of diesels at the new level
Authors: Kazakova V. A. , Shinkevich V. A. , Filippova E. M. , Ivleva I. B.
Published: July 2021

The standard of the organization directed on increase of efficiency and quality of monitoring procedure of emissions of harmful substances of the fulfilled gases of diesels of the capital repaired tractors and self-propelled farm vehicles which are in operation, intended for work and working in the conditions of unlimited and limited air exchange is developed and establishes norms of emissions of harmful substances with the fulfilled gases, means of their definition, at control and bench tests of tractors and the agricultural cars. Technical characteristics of the fuel and engine oil intended for test of the diesel are defined. Modern control devices are optimized and techniques of tool control of the maintenance of CO, CH and NOx in the fulfilled gases of diesels of page are the agricultural cars.
On the issue of improving methods for diagnosing energy-saturated tractors with the use of microprocessor-based programmable devices of the AVR series
Authors: Kostomakhin M. N. , Sayapin A. S. , Petrishchev N. А. , Molibozhenko K. K.
Published: July 2021

The article presents the rationale for the possible use of microprocessor-based programmable devices of the AVR series in order to develop the nomenclature of meters-indicators for improving the diagnostic methods, including resource-based, of energy-saturated tractors.
Prospects of the using of IT technologies in accounting and internal audit in agricultural companies
Authors: Balashova Natalia Nikolaevna , Vardanyan Spartak Ashotovich , Dzhikiya Konstantin Akakievich
Published: July 2021

The paper discusses about the issues of the current state of the using of modern IT technologies in agriculture, about the prospects of the using of information technologies in accounting and internal audit. An objectives of the project «Digital Agriculture» of The Ministry of Agriculture of the Russian Federation was considered. The main advantages for accounting and internal audit by the implementation of IT technologies are briefly presented, a possible obstacles to the large-scale implementation of modern technologies in agricultural organizations are analyzed.
Strategic break-even analysis AIC organizations
Authors: Khoruzhy Lyudmila Ivanovna , Tryastsina Nina Yuiryevna , Guseva Anastasia S.
Published: July 2021

The article is devoted to the issues of strategic analysis of the break-even of agro-industrial complex organizations as a basis for making managerial decisions. The technique of partial calculation of the production cost of production in the “direct-cost” management accounting system is considered. The economic substantiation of options for the sale of dairy products by an enterprise using methods of full and partial absorption of costs is given. The results obtained can be used by agribusiness enterprises to form a development strategy and strategic business plans.
Accounting for capital investments in agriculture
Authors: Alborov R.A. , Khoruzhy L.I. , Kontsevaya S.M. , Alborov G.R. , Khoruzhy V.I.
Published: July 2021

The article discusses the meaning, essence, content and classification of capital investments in agriculture. The estimated and organizational and methodological aspects of accounting for capital investments in agricultural organizations are disclosed. The conditions for recognition and the composition of the actual costs when recognizing capital investments, as well as practical recommendations for reflecting these costs and various operations with capital investments in the accounting accounts. Proposals have been determined for the reflection in the accounting of operations on disposal of capital investments and recognized expenses and income of the period in which capital investments are written off.
Recent Advances in Electrode Materials with Anion Redox Chemistry for Sodium-Ion Batteries
Authors: Voronina Natalia , Myung Seung-Taek
Published: July 2021

The development of sodium-ion batteries (SIBs), which are promising alternatives to lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), offers new opportunities to address the depletion of Li and Co resources; however, their implementation is hindered by their relatively low capacities and moderate operation voltages and resulting low energy densities. To overcome these limitations, considerable attention has been focused on anionic redox reactions, which proceed at high voltages with extra capacity. This manuscript covers the origin and recent development of anionic redox electrode materials for SIBs, including state-of-the-art P2- and O3-type layered oxides. We sequentially analyze the anion activity–structure–performance relationship in electrode materials. Finally, we discuss remaining challenges and suggest new strategies for future research in anion-redox cathode materials for SIBs.
Analysis of Modern Aviation Fuels: A Review of Environment Effect
Authors: A Sinem Gürkan Aydin , B Oktay Polat , A Arzu Ozgen
Published: July 2021

In our developing and changing world, the use of energy resources is becoming important. With the development of the aviation industry all over the world, the need to use more innovative, more sustainable resources emerges. When the demands in the transportation sector from past to present are examined, the transformation in energy resources will be inevitable. As stated, all studies have focused on the energy resources that reduce the environmental impact, sustainability, environmental friendliness, costs and dependence on oil producing states. In this study, the study of aviation fuels from past to present, its production, environmental impact, sustainability and the returns of alternative aviation fuels are discussed in detail. It is concluded that the world's developing and changing aviation sector should switch to sustainable alternative fuels as soon as possible.
ANALYSIS OF CHARACTERISTICS OF INFANT DEATH RATE (2015-2019) IN UPTD PUSKESMAS JAPARA KUNINGAN DISTRICT, 2020
Authors: Septina Yona , Zakiyah Luthfiah , Hermansyah Heri , Nurjannah Siti Nunung
Published: July 2021

Infant mortality is a death incident that occurs in newborns up to <1 year of age. Infant mortality is measured as the infant mortality rate, which is the number of deaths for children under 1 year of age per 1000 births. According to WHO, the infant mortality rate in Indonesia reaches 27/1000 live births. Based on the health profile of West Java, the number of infant deaths in 2017 reached 3.4 / 1000 live births. In the UPTD Puskesmas Japara there are 34 cases of infant mortality. Infant mortality is caused by several factors, including maternal age, education, birth attendants, and parity. The research objective was to determine the analysis of the characteristics of the incidence of infant mortality in 2015-2019 at the UPTD Puskesmas Japara, Kuningan Regency. The research method used was quantitative with a retrospective design, taken from secondary data 2015-2019, the population in the study was all infant deaths in the UPTD Puskesmas Japara, amounting to 34 people. Selection of a sample of 34 people using the total sampling technique. The statistical test technique uses the Chi Square test. The results showed that there was a relationship between parity (p-value = 0.006) and there was no relationship between maternal age (p-value = 0.129), education (p-value = 0.156), birth attendants (p-value = 0.781) and death. babies in 2015-2019 at UPTD Puskesmas Japara, Kuningan Regency. It can be concluded that the incidence of infant mortality occurs in some mothers with no risk age, some mothers with primary education, some mothers with multiparity parity. Suggestions for health centers are expected to increase the priority of health programs in an effort to reduce the incidence of infant mortality.
AUDIOVISUAL MEDIA INCREASES PREGNANT MOTHERS’ KNOWLEDGE AND ATTITUDE OF HEPATITIS B DURING COVID-19 PANDEMIC
Authors: Indah Permadani Indah Permadani , Surya Atmaja Rani Widiyanti , Yuhandini Diyah Sri
Published: July 2021

During pregnancy, mothers are at very high risk of getting infected with viruses, one of the viruses is hepatitis B. Hepatitis B is transmitted through horizontal and vertical ways. The knowledge deficit on pregnant mothers toward hepatitis B caused a lot of them to be infected with hepatitis B virus. One of solutions to increase their knowledge and attitude toward hepatitis B is by giving them health education with audiovisual media. The purpose of the study was to know if there was an impact of the health education with audiovisual media on the increase of pregnant mothers’ knowledge and attitude toward hepatitis B in the working area of the Public Health Center of Waruroyom, Cirebon regency, in 2021. This research used quasi experimental methods which are pretest and posttest with control group design. Sample used in this research were 72 pregnant mothers obtained with the purposive sampling technique and the data collection used questionnaires. Based on the independent t-test on the knowledge variable, the obtained result was p value 0.00 whereas the obtained result on the attitude variable using mann-whitney was p value 0.00. Hence, there was an impact of education health with audiovisual media on the increase of pregnant mothers’ knowledge and attitude toward hepatitis B. Audiovisual media can increase pregnant mothers’ knowledge and attitude toward hepatitis B during Covid-19 Pandemic
THE OUTCOME OF PMTCT GUIDELINE IMPLEMENTATION TOWARDS THE PROGRAM PERFORMANCE FOR THE ELIMINATION OF HIV TRANSMISSION FROM MOTHER TO CHILD IN DENPASAR CITY
Authors: Wahyuniar Lely
Published: July 2021

UNAIDS report on the level of HIV transmission from mother to child shows that Indonesia is in the highest rank in the world. This study aims to conduct rapid assessment about the full extent of PMTCT program and services in Denpasar City, Bali. This study located Denpasar City as a capital of Bali with high HIV cases and currently apply PMTCT services. The study conducted through FGDs, in-depth interview and observation in the primary health centers and hospitals. The data was validated by triangulating data from several sources. The results showed that the there is no specific local policy for PMTCT programs and services. There is no PMTCT program management guideline or SOP for PMTCT services at the Health Office and primary health centers. In Denpasar City there are already 5 primary health centers that provide comprehensive HIV and AIDS prevention and treatment services (LKB), and this includes providing PMTCT services consisting of HIV testing and ARV treatment for pregnant women. However, there is no ARV treatment for infant, this service must be obtained at general hospital through a referral mechanism. There is funding from local government (APBD) to buy diagnostic test for HIV and to capacity strengthening of human resources, but no support for further laboratory examinations. The empowerment for midwives to be involved in PMTCT program is limited, there has never been a comprehensive training on PMTCT and no empowerment of private practice midwives for PMTCT. The assistance’s activities to ensure ARV adherence is limited. There has been assistance for HIV positive mothers by NGOs in Denpasar City. Women with HIV still get stigma and discrimination from the community and health workers. There are also some challenges in data input, including error in inputting the data that need permission to edit it. It is recommended to improve: the HIV test coverage to 100% for pregnant women (for the first 90); the coverage and quality of ARV treatment (for the second 90); the capacity of PMTCT human resources; the commitment of local government; and data utilization.
Ant (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) species diversity in secondary forest and three agricultural land uses of the Colombian Pacific Coast
Authors: Narváez-Vásquez Alexandra , Gaviria Jackeline , Vergara-Navarro Erika Valentina , Rivera-Pedroza Leonardo , Löhr Bernhard
Published: July 2021

The study area pertains to the Chocó Biogeography, one of the most biodiverse areas in the world, where around 40,000 ha of rainforest has been cleared for oil palm plantations. We surveyed the ant species’ richness and diversity in four differently disturbed areas in Tumaco, Colombia, using pitfall traps and Winkler sacks. Study sites were two oil palm plantations of three- and seven- years’ existence, a peach palm plantation Bactris gasipaes of 20 years, and an area of secondary forest of 10 years. A total of 93 ant species or morphospecies, comprising 31 genera in 8 subfamilies were identified. The subfamily Myrmicinae had the highest number of species (57), followed by Ponerinae (10) and Formicinae (9). The hybrid palm oil plantations harbored 46 species (7 years) and 50 species (3 years), respectively, while the peach palm plantation was composed of 53 species, and the secondary forest had 62 species. Ectatomma ruidum was the most dominant species in the oil palm plots (≥ 80% of specimen), but significantly less in the peach palm and secondary forest. The most species-rich genera were Pheidole spp. (23) and Solenopsis spp. (13). No differences were observed in the ant species’ diversity between the secondary forest and peach palm, contrasting with the significant differences between the secondary forest and the two oil palm areas. A comparison with studies in natural areas suggests that the oil palm monocultures have dramatically reduced the species’ richness and that ten years of recovery does not bring back anything close to the original diversity.
Algunas notas sobre el integumento quitinoso e iridiscente en la clase Insecta (Arthropoda: Hexapoda)
Authors: Salazar-Escobar Julián A. , Villalobos-Moreno Alfonso
Published: July 2021

Se aportan algunos aspectos del integumento quitinoso en los insectos, enfocados a la naturaleza iridiscente del mismo y a la relación con algunas especies tropicales. Se suministran diagramas e ilustraciones realizadas con estereomicroscopio y MEB de las partes quitinosas tratadas. Se incluyen fotos de especies iridiscentes de los órdenes Coleoptera, Diptera, Hymenoptera, Mantodea y Lepidoptera. Buena parte de estas especies presentan una coloración verdosa iridiscente que es la dominante y puede ser útil en estudios taxonómicos aplicados.
Amphithemis vacillans Selys, 1891 (Odonata: Libellulidae): new addition to the Odonata fauna of Meghalaya, Northeastern India
Authors: Bhowmik Suman , Bora Atanu
Published: July 2021

Amphithemis vacillans Selys, 1891 is reported for the first time from Meghalaya, Northeastern India. The authors recorded a male individual from the forest of Byrnihat, located in Ri-bhoi distict of the state on November 23, 2017. The current sighing revised the distribution of this species in India being previously known from Assam and West Bengal.
Analysis of the eradication of terrorism crime by detachment 88 in Indonesia
Authors: Paputungan Jayadi
Published: July 2021

community anxiety about criminal act of the terrorist. Because of that, The Government makes a Substitution Regulation Act No. 1 of 2002. Afterwards, The Government demands Indonesian Police Chief to make Specific Detachment that called Densus 88, to carry out Regulations Act No. 5 of 2018 on the changes to the Act No. 15 of 2003 about “The Determination of Substitute Government Regulations Act No. 1 of 2002 Concerning The Eradication of Criminal Act Terrorism.”. Problem Formulations 1) How Densus 88 eradicates the criminal act terrorism? 2) How the actions form of Densus 88 in terms of human rights side? In fact, Densus 88 is not in accordance with the applicable regulation, the field fact shows that many terrorist suspect suffered injuries and even died and it also against the human rights. The research method used normative juridical method; law is seen as a binding rule. The conclusion of this research is the action taken isn’t appropriate with the threats faced, it is not accordance with the law principle and law basis that should be. In addition, it carries out human rights violations which are harmful for the suspect and the terrorist defendant, then the lack of State responsibilities for things that happened.
Election violation and election law enforcement in general election in Indonesia
Authors: Prawira Syailendra Anantya
Published: July 2021

General Elections are the embodiments of the mandate stipulated in the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia Article 1 paragraph (2) which affirms that "sovereignty is in the hands of the people and carried out according to the Constitution". The Formulation Document that will be formulated in the research are: (1) What is the violation in the general election? And (2) What is law enforcement in general election. The method used in this study is normative legal research, normative legal research methods or library law research methods are methods or procedures that are used in legal research by examining existing library material. Election violations constitute acts prohibited by the Election Law against election organizers resulting in the imposition of sanctions for violations. The enactment of Law Number 7 Year 2017 on General Elections provides for different types of violations, disputes, criminal offenses and electoral disputes. The crime of elections is a criminal offense punishable by a particular punishment based on the criminal justice system. The purpose of election is to carry out popular sovereignty and the realization of the political rights of the people to produce leaders who will occupy important positions in the government.
State relations, human rights and welfare: criticism of trade standardization goods and services
Authors: Suwardi Suwardi
Published: July 2021

Trade is the main driver of development carried out to advance the general welfare as the goal of the country. The state as the executor of economic sovereignty is required to regulate the implementation of trade with due regard for human rights, including the right to obtain welfare. Law No. 7 of 2014 concerning Trade in force currently contains immoral material, namely provisions regarding the standardization of goods and services, as well as provisions concerning criminal acts related to the standardization. For this reason, it is necessary for the politics of legal development to amend trade laws by not including norms of standardization obligations, and to eliminate criminal threats for trading activities.
Analysis of the right to reply as case settlement in press release
Authors: Masagala Alfan Pathriansyah
Published: July 2021

Freedom of the press is a reflection of a country that adheres to a democratic system. The freedom of the press is based on the 1945 Constitution Article 28. During the reform period through Minister Yunus Yosfiah the legalization of Law No. 40 of 1999 concerning the Press replaces Law No. 21 of 1982 amendment to Law No. 11 of 1966 concerning the Principal Provisions of the Press. The right of reply is a form of press freedom which is the settlement of a case if there is a problem in press reporting. Problem Formulation 1) How is the application of the Right to Answer as a case resolution in press reporting? 2) Why is the Right of Reply as the settlement of the case in press reporting less effective? The research method used is a normative juridical method. The conclusion of this study is that the Right to Answer has been set since Law No. 11 of 1966 concerning the provisions of the Press to Law No. 40 of 1999 concerning the Press, the Right of Reply in more detail is regulated in Press Council Regulation No. 9/regulation-DP/X/2008 concerning Guidelines for the Right to Reply. In reality the Right of Reply is not effective as a settlement of a case in a press release due to lack of regulatory substance in the Right of Reply. Right of reply is only seen as a settlement of cases in the realm of Ethics
The impact of accepting new students with the zoning system on the right to children's education
Authors: Noor Ganis Vitayanty
Published: July 2021

Education is a human right. Everyone has the right to receive educational rights without restrictions. Everyone has the right to get the education and level of education they will attend. The government has an education equalization plan with the issuance of the Minister of Education and Culture Regulation No. 14 of 2018. The Minister of Education and Culture mentioned above applies a zoning system. The Minister of Education and Culture does not rule out the possibility of impacts for prospective students who wish to continue their education. The problem is how the impact of the PPDB zoning system on education rights in Kajen Subdistrict, Pekalongan Regency. The approach method used is a sociological juridical approach method. PPDB has positive and negative impacts. According to researchers, PPDB is not in accordance with the right to education of children, due to restrictions, the gap in the quality of learning with the same level of difficulty of the National Examination and the same curriculum that applies nationally.

Keywords: education rights, children, impact of zoning
The effectiveness of legal role of village consultative Agency (BPD) in Village development according to UU.No. 6 year 2014 about village (Kahianga Village study)
Authors: Karim Laode Muhammad , Mursanto Deddy
Published: July 2021

The purpose of this research is to know the effectiveness of legal role of the Village consultative Agency (BPD) in the development of the village according to UU.No. 6 year 2014 about village (Kahianga Village study) and to find out the factors that inhibit the role of the Village consultative Agency (BPD) in development in the village Kahianga East Tomia District. The data collection techniques used more on observation, a dandokumentation interview. The conclusion of this research is the effectiveness of legal role of the village consultative body (bpd) Kahianga in the case that legislation does not go as it should, proved in the absence of the rules that are issued, in the meantime in the case of the function budgeting bpd goes well, proved by always involved in the budget discussion meetings that are done with the principle of transparency and supervision function bpd also goes well seen with the active bpd in surveillance of the village's income and expenditure budget and factors that become constraints BPD Kahianga in the development of the village namely the community participation Kahianga Village to the development program is still relatively low, the level of education is relatively low is a BPD inhibitors communicate well and able to analyze the aspirations or what the next community is in coordinate with the village government and the pattern of parallel relations between the BPD and the village head in the village government , it turns out that in the implementation is colored by the practices of working relationships that are less harmonious and leads to the occurrence of conflicts and shows the tendency to dominate the village chief of the BPD.
Juridical-Sociological study of land pawn : a normative study in Patilanggio district
Authors: Nasrullah Nasrullah
Published: July 2021

The practice of land pawning in Patilanggio district still keeps the provisions of the applicable laws and regulations. So that it is more likely to harm the pledge grantor which is not based on the principle of helping. Although the community realizes that pawning land is harm for them, this is still done by residents as the last solution to meet urgent needs. This practice has become a habit and it is normal for community and never be a problem between the land pawner and the land pawn recipient. In disputing resolution between the grantor and the recipient, is by way of deliberation, involving the village head or only by deliberation between the pawner and the pawn recipient.

Keywords: Pawner, recipient, Patilanggio
Online trade marketing techniques through giveaway as one of the guise of fraud
Authors: Dewi IIdha Pratiwi Dyah Sinta , Pujiyono Pujiyono
Published: July 2021

Technological development also affects the economy. Nowadays commercial activities by using the internet are different from the conventional. Those who are parties to internet commerce base their transactions on trust. To build trust in customers, online merchants use marketing techniques named endorse service. Seller currently makes giveaway events on these endorser accounts. However, the gift is often not fulfilled by online merchants so that giveaway is just a guise of online fraud. The author emphasizes the relation of fraud caused by giveaway with the building of public trust through the endorsers. This crime is rarely revealed because the victims didn’t want to report. This research is a normative study using a statutory approach, data collection through library research, and analyzed using descriptive-analytical techniques. From this study, the result is an understanding that the relations between endorsers and fraudulent activities carried out by digital economics actors is by creating trust in the community, giveaway exists without further investigation of prizes. Fraud is seen as a causal subjective relations where there is an act of influencing the will of others created by endorsers so that person gives something to the seller.
Law enforcement and eradication of criminal actions of narcotics in Pohuwato district area
Authors: Sulaiman Herlina , Lampatta Muhammad Rizal
Published: July 2021

Narcotics, as one of the main enemies of the Indonesian nation, has reached an alarming stage. The targets of the dealers are not only adults and the economic community and above, but have also reached children and the economic community downward. This of course requires the role of law enforcement officials in enforcing and eradicating narcotics crime. This study aims to identify and analyze about eradication and law enforcement and its obstacles against narcotics crime in Pohuwato Regency
Revocation of Political Rights Convicted of Corruption In Every Judge's Decision as An Effort to Eradicate Corruption
Authors: Rahman Irsan , Putra L. M. Ricard Zeldi
Published: July 2021

The source of political rights inherent in human rights and political rights are also closely related to power. Meanwhile, corruptors who abuse their power are only sentenced to an average of 2 years and 2 months in prison during 2016; In 2013 the average sentence was 2 years 11 months; in 2014 2 years 8 months; and 2015 only 2 years 2 months. There needs to be a formulation of the provisions of the regulations as a basis for integrating and harmonizing judges' decisions on the revocation of political rights or it is also necessary to formulate a special criminal system to eradicate corruption crimes. Therefore, this study aims to examine what things underlie the enforcement of the deprivation of the political rights of the convicted of corruption in judge's decision and formulation of the criminal law system regarding the deprivation of political rights of convicted of corruption in judge's decision?. This research was conducted using a type of sociological juridical research approach. The result of the research is the abolition of political rights for corruption convicts, when examined from the juridical, sociological, and human rights aspects. It must become a standard in the punishment of corruption, considering that several formulations of the criminal law system currently exist in the criminal act of corruption which is still relatively light because the several sanctions given to date have not minimized acts of corruption.
Application of Military Law Against TNI Members Who Commit Desertion Crimes
Authors: Sailellah Aswin Nugraha
Published: July 2021

This study aims to: 1) To analyze the application of military criminal law against members of the TNI perpetrators of desertion crimes; 2) To analyze the constraints in the enforcement of miiliter criminal law against members of the TNI perpetrators of desertion crimes. This study uses normative-empirical legal research, while the data analysis used is qualitative approach to primary data and secondary data. where in analyzing / processing data first held organizing of primary data obtained through related legislation and literature. Then the collected data is then discussed, compiled, elaborated, and interpreted, and reviewed the problem so that a conclusion is obtained as a problem solving effort. The results showed that the application of military criminal law against members of the TNI who were proven to commit desertion crimes is the authority of the military judiciary to prosecute him, then the stages in the form of investigations conducted by the Military Police on the orders of the Superior Who Has the Right to Punish (Ankum). furthermore, the investigation file is given to the Military Oditur to be studied, then the military oditur makes an indictment to be delegated to the Military Judiciary, after the judiciary feels sufficient with the files of the Military Oditur, then the military judiciary will prosecute members of the military who are accused of desertion. Furthermore, constraints in law enforcement related to desertion crimes are reviewed from 4 interrelated aspects, namely with regard to legal subtansi, the legal structure itself, facilities or infrastructure, and the community. The settlement of cases in the military judiciary at this time has been well arranged, but it is expected that all who play a role in the process of resolving military cases do all these stages based on Justice and Positive Law. The application of existing regulations must be done consistently and always conducted a review of desertion cases so that from these obstacles can be found solutions and solutions to reduce the quantity of desertion crimes.
Design Ativista em Quarentena: uma Perspectiva Brasileira
Authors: Junior José Carlos Magro , Moura Mônica , Henriques Fernanda
Published: July 2021

Este trabalho apresenta relações entre o ativismo em design e a pandemia do coronavírus no Brasil. A partir da investigação deste cenário, o ativismo surge como uma retomada crítica e politizada sobre a área, construindo relações com outros campos e esferas do saber, a fim de promover ideais colaborativos, éticos e de cidadania. No território brasileiro, a pandemia ampliou as desigualdades sociais e, como contraponto, outras iniciativas surgem no sentido de criar um espaço de discussão que gere alternativas para o enfrentamento dos problemas. Por meio da revisão narrativa da literatura e pesquisa documental são analisados três casos exemplares com objetivos em comum, de contravir à crise através das práticas de design. Assim, são discutidos caminhos que propõem a reflexão do design na contemporaneidade, com objetivo de apresentar abordagens ativistas durante a pandemia no Brasil.
Andicolea, a replacement name for Loricaria (Compositae, Gnaphaliinae)
Authors: Mayta Luis , Molinari-Novoa Eduardo
Published: July 2021

Loricaria Wedd. (Asteraceae), is an illegitimate homonym of Loricaria J.V. Lamour., currently considered a synonym of Himanthalia Gray (Himanthaliaceae, Phaeophyta). Consequently, the replacement name, Andicolea, is proposed.
Fungi associated with disease symptoms on Pinus mugo needles in the Polish Tatra Mountains
Authors: Bartnik Czesław , Kowalski Tadeusz , Bilański Piotr , Zwijacz-Kozica Toamsz
Published: July 2021

Dwarf mountain pine, Pinus mugo, is an important component of the subalpine and alpine zone in Europe. For several years, in one of the natural areas of the occurrence of this species in the Polish Tatras, an intensified decline of the assimilation apparatus has been observed. The studies conducted in 2016–2020 were aimed at determining the types of disease symptoms occurring on P. mugo needles and at identifying the species composition of fungi within symptomless and diseased needles. We isolated 57 taxa from 6 types of disease symptoms and from needles without disease symptoms, identified on the basis of morphological features and molecular analyses. Absolute parasites were represented by only one species of Coleosporium senecionis, which was identified by the aecium stage. The genus Lophodermium was represented by three species: L. conigenum, L. corconticum and L. pini-mugonis. So far, L. corconticum was known only from the Karkonosze Mountains in Poland, and L. pini-mugonis from the German Alps. In addition, the more frequently isolated species included: Sydowia polyspora, Hendersonia sp., Nemania serpens, Leptomelanconium allescheri, Cladosporium spp., Biscogniauxia nummularia and Alternaria spp. Some taxa were associated with only one type of disease symptom, while some species of fungi were found to be associated with different symptoms. Twelve species of fungi were isolated from living symptomless needles, some of which were subsequently found in association with nectrotic areas on needles, e.g., Lophodermium corconticum, L. conigenum and Leptomelanconium allescheri. L. pinastri has not been found in the present studies. In the discussion, an attempt was made to assess the role of some of the identified species of fungi in causing the disease process of P. mugo needles.
Recensión del libro La eficacia de las normas de prevención, detección y sanción del lavado de activos en Colombia
Authors: Montoya Vacadíez Diego Mauricio
Published: July 2021

En este texto se presenta una recensión del libro La eficacia de las normas de prevención, detección y sanción del lavado de activos en Colombia, destacando los contenidos de cada uno de los capítulos de esta obra colectiva.
DAMPAK PROGRAM PENGAMPUNAN PAJAK TERHADAP KEPATUHAN DAN PENERIMAAN PAJAK (PADA KPP PRATAMA PALEMBANG ILIR TIMUR)
Authors: Padel Muhammad , Zamzam Fakhry , Istianda Meita
Published: July 2021

Pengampunan Pajak adalah program yang diberikan oleh pemerintah kepada Wajib Pajak meliputi penghapusan pajak yang seharusnya terutang, penghapusan sanksi administrasi dan sanksi pidana di bidang perpajakan atas harta yang diperoleh pada tahun 2015 dan sebelumnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dampak pengampunan pajak terhadap kepatuhan dan penerimaan pajak di KPP Palembang Ilir Timur. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif, menggunakan metode wawancara, observasi serta studi dokumen. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah data pelaporan SPT Tahunan Wajib Pajak tahun pajak 2014 sampai tahun pajak 201, data pembayaran wajib pajak tahun pajak 2014 sampai tahun pajak 2017, narasumber pada penelitian ini adalah pegawai Direktorat Jenderal Pajak, wajib pajak dan konsultan pajak serta kalangan akademisi. Simpulan penelitian ini adalah (1) Program pengampunan pajak belum berhasil meningkatkan kepatuhan formal wajib pajak (2) Program Pengampunan pajak belum berhasil meningkatkan kepatuhan material wajib pajak (3) Program Pengampunan pajak berhasil meningkatkan penerimaan pajak akan tetapi belum mampu memenuhi target penerimaan yang dibebankan kepada Kantor Pelayanan Pajak Pratama Palembang Ilir Timur. Faktor kesadaran wajib pajak yang masih rendah, lemahnya penegakan hukum, keadaan ekonomi, pertumbuhan target yang cukup tinggi, serta akses data yang terbatas menjadi beberapa hal yang mengemuka di dalam penelitian ini.
Influence of sunspaces on the heating demand in rooms – comparison of ISO 13790 calculation methods
Authors: Grudzińska Magdalena
Published: July 2021

The calculation method presented in ISO 13790 was developed during the research project PASSYS. It aimed to work out the way of estimating energy demand while taking into account different passive solar systems. The standard includes two calculation methods for sunspaces – a full and simplified method. They differ in terms of basic assumptions and the treatment of solar gains in the sunspace and conditioned rooms. There are some doubts about the interpretation of equations presented in the standard, especially when it comes to modelling the solar radiation distribution within the solar space. The paper presents a discussion on the basic hypotheses applied in full and simplified methods, together with the author’s suggestions regarding modifications to the ISO 13790 calculation methods. The modified methods allowed to satisfactorily predict the functioning of the exemplary sunspaces with a smaller area of glazed partitions and higher radiation absorptivity of the casing, that is spaces similar in terms of solar radiation utilisation to traditional living spaces. The phenomena typical for sunspaces with a high degree of glazing, such as the retransmission of reflected radiation, were not sufficiently taken into account in the calculation methods of the standard.
KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDE AND PRACTICE OF EMERGENCY CONTRACEPTION AMONGST HEALTHCARE WORKERS IN IDP CAMPS AND HOST COMMUNITY CLINICS IN JERE AND MAIDUGURI METROPOLITAN LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREAS, BORNO STATE, NIGERIA
Authors:   Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, College of Medical Sciences, Gombe State University, Gombe., Bako Babagana , Mohammed Audu Bala ,   Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, College of Medical Sciences, Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University, Bauchi, Bello Kawuwa Mohammed ,   Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, College of Medical Sciences,  University of Maiduguri, Maiduguri., Mana Asta ,   Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Maiduguri Teaching Hospital, Maiduguri, Peter Anna ,   Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Maiduguri Teaching Hospital, Maiduguri
Published: July 2021

Background: Emergency contraception (EC) offers women a second chance to avoid unintended pregnancy after unprotected sexual intercourse. Besides its availability, requisite knowledge and positive attitude of the healthcare works will encourage its utilization by the Internally Displaced Persons (IDP) and host community. Objectives To determine the knowledge, attitude and practice of EC by healthcare workers (HCWs) in IDP camps and host community clinics in Jere and Maiduguri metropolitan local government areas (LGAs) of Borno state, Nigeria. Methodology: Self-administered questionnaires were issued to HCWs attending a workshop on child spacing counselling and service organized by the Society of Gynaecology and Obstetrics of Nigeria, North-East sector (SOGON-NE). The questionnaire inquired about knowledge, attitudes and practice of emergency contraception. Results: Eighty-nine (89.0%) of the respondents were aware of EC and 88.0% have approved of its provision. The most common indication for the EC was unprotected sexual intercourse (91.0%), followed by rape, failed contraception and missed pills. Sixty-five (84.4%) of Nurse/Midwives and CHEWs were willing to provide EC for prospective clients and 59(76.6%) of them had provided EC in the past. The commonest form of EC known to the respondents was Levonorgestrel (Postinor 2), followed by oral contraceptive pills (OCP) and intrauterine device (IUCD). Mifepristone and ulipristal were known to only 23.6% and 11.2% of the respondents respectively. Majority (79.6%) will give EC immediately after intercourse. Only 46.1% of the respondent would institute EC within 7 days of unprotected intercourse and among them, 50% were Nurse/Midwives and 46.4% were CHEWs. Conclusion: Both the knowledge and approval of EC among the HCWs in the IDP camps and host community clinics in Jere and Maiduguri metropolitan LGAs of Borno state are high. This can be harnessed to encourage the wide utilization of the EC by adolescents and other vulnerable womenin the IDP camps and Host communities.