bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Enceladus Dust Plume from the Cassini Cosmic Dust Analyzer
Authors: Schmidt Jürgen , Ershova Anastasiia , Postberg Frank , Khawaja Nozair , Nölle Lenz , Srama Ralf , Kempf Sascha , Southworth Ben
Published: July 2024

We analyse data recorded by the Cosmic Dust Analyzer (CDA) on board the Cassini spacecraft that were obtained during traversals of the Enceladus dust plume. The focus of our work are profiles of relative abundances of grains of different compositional types derived from mass spectra recorded with the Dust Analyzer (DA) subsystem during the Cassini flybys E5 and E17. The profile from E5, corresponding to a steep and fast (17.7 km/s) traversal of the plume, was analyzed in previous work (Postberg et al, 2011). Here we present and include into the analysis a second compositional profile obtained at a very different geometry during flyby E17, with a nearly horizontal traversal of the South Polar Terrain (SPT) at a significantly lower relative velocity (7.5 km/s). Additionally, we employ in our analysis rates of dust detections registered in the plume by the High Rate Detector (HRD) subsystem of CDA at two different Enceladus flybys (E7 and E21). We derive the ranges of grain sizes that were sampled by the two CDA subsystems at these flybys and use the data sets to constrain the parameters of a new dust plume model.  That model we construct from a recently developed mathematical description of dust ejection (Ershova and Schmidt, 2021) using the software package DUDI, publicly available at https://github.com/Veyza/dudi. Further constraints we use for our model are published velocities of gas ejection and the positions of gas and dust jets on the SPT.  From our model we derive production rates of dust mass for the different compositional types of grains detected by CDA, amounting to a total rate equal to or larger than about 28 kg/s.  The contribution of salt-rich dust to the plume was previously believed to be dominant in mass, based on the analysis of E5 flyby data alone (Postberg et al, 2011). However, including both compositional profiles (E5 and E17) in our analysis, we find that the salt-rich dust contribution is only about one percent by mass or less. This finding follows in part from an improved understanding of the masses of grains of various compositional types that implies a generally smaller size for salt rich grains than previously thought. Furthermore, the E17 compositional profile exhibits a dominance of organic enriched grains over the SPT, a region of the plume that was poorly constrained, if at all, by the E5 data. Our new dust plume model can be used to predict numbers and masses for grains of various compositional types that a detector on a future mission will collect during a plume traversal.
Whistler-mode Waves observed during Mercury flybys by BepiColombo/Mio PWI
Authors: Kasaba Yasumasa , Ozaki Mitsunori , Sahraoui Fouad , Yagitani Satoshi , Kasahara Yoshiya , Matsuda Shoya , Kurita Satoshi , Kojima Hirotsugu , Omura Yoshiharu , Issautier Karine , Wahlund Jan-Erik , Karlsson Tomas , Henri Pierre ,   BepiColombo Mio PWI team
Published: July 2024

The Plasma Wave Investigation (PWI) aboard BepiColombo/Mio spacecraft will deploy all sensors after the Mercury orbit insertion at the end of 2025. The full observational capabilities of electric fields, plasma waves, and radio waves enables the measurement of electron density and temperature, electromagnetic turbulences, and radio waves in and around the Hermean magnetosphere and exosphere, in the electric field from DC to 10 MHz along the spin plane and in the magnetic field from 0.3 Hz to 20 kHz in three-axis and from 2.5 kHz to 640 kHz in one-axis.Unfortunately, during the cruising phase from its launch in 2018, long wire antennas (15-m x 4) for electric fields and the boom (4.5-m) for magnetic fields are not deployed. For electric field, one of the antenna pairs, WPT, is exposed to space, but with the length of few cm and grounded to the spacecraft body with several k-ohm. For magnetic field, the search-coils are active but under large noise environment from the spacecraft body. Although under such severe conditions, the PWI saw plasma waves around Mercury during the 1st, 2nd, and 3rd  flybys (Oct. 2021, June 2022, and June 2023).In this paper, we show the summary of the first historical detections of Hermean whistler waves and their interpretations. We saw magnetic field turbulences in several 10s kHz in the dawn side magnetosphere after the closest approach. It can be interrupted as the first whistler-wave detection. Whistler-mode chorus waves are natural electromagnetic emissions known to play a key role in electron acceleration and loss mechanisms via wave–particle interactions in planetary magnetospheres. Mio’s search coil magnetometers measured chorus waves with tens of pT in the dawn sector, while no clear wave activity was observed in the night sector. This dawn-dusk asymmetry could be explained by the impact of background magnetic field inhomogeneities on the nonlinear wave generation process. In the 1st and 2nd flybys the BepiColombo orbit is not close to the magnetic equator, but the 3rd flyby seems just there. Potential direct comparisons with electron data will be discussed using this data, in or close to the source region of Whistler waves.We are now preparing the antenna deployment starting at the end of 2025 and initial observation plans from spring of 2026.  We will also report the current status of the data production plans.
Astroscience Education: The Way Forward on the African Continent
Authors: Jheeta Sohan
Published: July 2024

It ought to be universally acknowledged that astroscience education on the African continent is somewhat lacking, if not non-existent in many places. A fact recognised and accepted since 2015, by the members of the Network of Researchers on the Chemical Emergence of Life (NoRCEL). We have also discerned in recent years, with the help of our ASEN team members, that young African science students, armed with the latest smartphones, are well aware that decent careers in this field of science are being forged elsewhere in the developed nations. Our research also indicates that these same young Africans are willing to seek to construct their futures in these “frontiers of science” arenas; but are there any opportunities, let alone equal ones, available to those who wish to do so? Development of scientific capacity and related skills need to go hand in hand with opportunities to make good use of it. While Africa is one of the places most in need of home-grown talent, those who could make a positive difference for their country frequently fail to see an adequate future there, and consequently seek employment outside the African continent, with such a “brain drain” ultimately compromising its future. Therefore, there is a need to be proactive in building both comparative education and career paths, or otherwise these young scientists end up caught between “Does an astroscience qualification give me decent prospects?” and “Why should I stay here if the only bright future I can see is to be found elsewhere?” Given half a chance of a high value, quality education, young African students should be less inclined to look for pastures new in already developed economies. This poster aims to demonstrate that currently, the opportunities to study any astroscience subjects are few and far between in Sub-Saharan Africa and also that prospects for employment are equally scarce, with the objective of highlighting both these and their associated dilemmas.
Leveraging infrasound for estimating the characteristics of shockwaves generated by large bolides
Authors: Silber Elizabeth
Published: July 2024

Natural and artificial impulsive sources in the atmosphere can generate infrasound, or very low frequency (f
Rotation and tides of the large moons of Uranus
Authors: Baland Rose-Marie , Filice Valerio , Le Maistre Sébastien , Trinh Antony , Yseboodt Marie , Van Hoolst Tim
Published: July 2024

The Uranus Orbiter and Probe (UOP) has been proposed as the next Flagship-class mission by the 2023-2033 Planetary Science and Astrobiology Decadal Survey [1]. During its 4-year tour, the mission will address important questions regarding the five large icy moons of Uranus (Miranda, Ariel, Umbriel, Titania, and Oberon): What are their rock-ice ratios? Do they have internal oceans?During the orbital motion, the rotation of the synchronous moons is modified by the time-varying gravitational torque of Uranus on their flattened shape. The non-zero orbital eccentricity causes diurnal librations (periodic variations in rotation), whereas the orbital precession forces the obliquity (angle between the spin axis and the normal to the orbit) to be non-zero. The gravitational field of Uranus also induces tidal periodic deformations of the moons which in turn cause periodic variations in their own potential, proportional to the tidal Love number k2. These deformations also modify the rotational response of the moons.Here, we assess how tidal and rotation measurements could inform us on the interior of the icy moons. We first build a set of interior models with a global ocean between an ice shell and a rocky core, following [2-4]. Rotation and tidal observables are then calculated from the models in [5-7]. The difference with results for oceanless moons indicates the measurement precision required to detect the presence of an internal ocean.Acknowledgments: This work was financially supported by the French Community of Belgium under FRIA grants and through the Belgian PRODEX program managed by the European Space Agency in collaboration with the Belgian Federal Science Policy Office.References:[1] National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, Origins, Worlds, and Life, 2023, DOI:10.17226/26522[2] Hussmann et al. (2006), Icarus, 185.[3] Bierson and Nimmo (2022), Icarus, 373.[4] Castillo-Rogez et al. (2023), JGR planets, 128.[5] Van Hoolst et al. (2013), Icarus, 226.[6] Baland et al. (2019), CMDA, 131.[7] Sabadini and Vermeersen, (2004). 
Two-meter Twin Telescope  (TTT). A new way of doing science
Authors: Serra-Ricart Miquel , R. Alarcón Miguel , Licandro Javier , Abárzuza Fernando
Published: July 2024

TTT (Two-meter Twin Telescope) installation is a network of four telescopes located at the Teide Observatory, in the island of Tenerife (Canary Islands, Spain). TTT1 and TTT2 telescopes are two 0.80 m AltAz telescopes with two Nasmyth ports of both telescopes (f/4.4 and f/6.8). The f/4.4 is equipped with QHY411M cameras, composed of 151 Mpixel 3.76 μm sCMOS sensors, resulting in an effective FoV of 51.4x 38.3 arcmin2 and a pixel scale of 0.22" pixel−1. The f/6.8 has a Ikon-L 936 (FOV: 17.34’ × 17.34’, 0.51 ’’/px) and a SWIR QHY990Pro II InGaAs camera (FOV: 4.64’ x 3.5’, Plate scale: 0.2 ’’/px).They operate fully robotically and feature a QPIS (Queue Planning Intelligent System) managed by a machine learning algorithm, supervised by senior astronomers with proven observational experience.Scientific proposals are evaluated within 48 hours. Once approved, observations can be conducted and, if they are successful, images could be obtained in 24 hours -astrometric & photometric calibrated in real time-.TTT1 and TTT2 have been operated on routinely since december 2022 and demonstrated to provide excellent photometric measurements. We have been running different scientific programs on exoplanetary transits (see Figure 1), asteroids follow-up astrometry and photometry (see Figure 2), and comets. Some of the most interesting results, including exoplanets and Near Earth Asteroids lightcurves will be presented. Figure 1. Phased-folded transit taken on 22 December 2022 in T, g′, r′, and zcut filters. The coloured lines show the best transit model in each filter. Reproduced from Mallorquín et al. (2024)  (10.48550/arXiv.2402.17448)Figure 2. Phased light curve of 2023 DZ2  (fast rotator) computed from photometric measurements obtained by TTT1 and TTT2. The rotation period and amplitude of the curve are shown in the lower left corner of the top panel. The total coverage is 9.8 h, distributed over three consecutive nights. Reproduced from Popescu et al. (2023) ( https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202346751).
Statistical distribution of chorus waves in the Jovian magnetosphere and their resonant interactions with radiation belt electrons
Authors: Cao Xing , Lu Peng , Ni Binbin , Wang Shaobei
Published: July 2024

Whistler-mode chorus waves are frequently observed in the Jovian magnetosphere and are known to play an important role in the dynamics of radiation belt electrons. By combining the observations from Galileo and Juno, we conducted a detailed statistical analysis of the spatial distribution of the occurrence rates, power spectral densities and averaged amplitudes of chorus waves in the Jovian magnetosphere. The statistical results show that chorus waves are mainly distributed in the near-equatorial (
The compaction of highly porous dust agglomerates by a gas-velocity gradient and its application to dust growth in turbulent protoplanetary disks
Authors: Schräpler Rainer , Blum Jürgen , Balapanov Daniyar , Vedernikov Andrei
Published: July 2024

In a micro-gravity experiment onboard a sounding rocket, we observed the rapid formation of mm-sized fractal dust agglomerates, consisting of micrometer-sized spherical silica monomers, due to an unforeseen (but very favorable) spatial concentration of the dust cloud  (Schubert.2024). A convergent gas flow was caused by the interaction between the dust-cloud control mechanism, which generates a homogeneous gas flow using the thermal-creep method, and a thermophoresis-driven flow directed towards a cold spot. This convergent rarefied-gas flow led to a slight compaction of the mm-sized highly porous agglomerates. We found that the resulting packing density - pressure curve with pressures of several  10-7 Pa agrees well with the theoretical predictions of Kataoka. et al. (2013) and Tatsuuma et al. (2023). We also found that already compacted agglomerates cannot be relaxed again by a divergent flow. As far as we know, this is the first direct observation of gas-flow driven compaction of fractal dust agglomerates, a process predicted in the planetesimal-formation model by Kataoka et al. (2013b).In a second step, we applied these results to turbulent protoplanetary disks, where turbulence generates velocity gradients. Describing the disk turbulence with an   α model, our calculations show that due to turbulence-induced velocity gradients (e.g.,  at ,α = 10-4)  fractal growth is only possible up to an agglomerate size of mm (at 0.1 AU) to dm (at 100 AU). For larger particles, the turbulent flow forces a correlation between the size and the packing density of the particles, eventually leading to non-fractal (albeit porous) agglomerates.Acknowledgments:  This work was part of the ICAPS mission, which was supported by the Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR Space Agency) under Contract nos. 50WM0336, 50WM0636, 50WM0936, 50WM1236, 50WM1536, 50WM1846, and 50WM2146  and the European Space Agency (ESA) through their SciSpacE programme for this project and the TEXUS-56 Sounding Rocket flight. The Belgian Science Policy Office and the ESA PRODEX Programme are kindly acknowledged for their support.
Can Jupiter's atmospheric metallicity be different from the deep interior?
Authors: Müller Simon , Helled Ravit
Published: July 2024

Updated formation and structure models of Jupiter predict a metal-poor envelope. This is at odds with the two to three times solar metallicity measured by the Galileo probe. Additionally, Juno data imply that water and ammonia are enriched. This talk explores whether Jupiter can have a deep radiative layer separating the atmosphere from the deeper interior. The radiative layer could be caused by a hydrogen-transparency window or depletion of alkali metals.We show that heavy-element accretion during Jupiter's evolution can lead to the desired atmospheric enrichment and that this configuration is stable over billions of years. The origin of the heavy elements could be cumulative small impacts or one large impact. The preferred scenario requires a deep radiative zone due to a local reduction of the opacity at ∼ 2000 K by ∼ 90%, which is supported by Juno data, and vertical mixing through the boundary with a similar efficiency to molecular diffusion (D ≤ 10-2 cm2/s). Most of Jupiter's molecular envelope could have solar composition while its uppermost atmosphere is enriched with heavier elements. The enrichment likely originates from the accretion of solid objects.This possibility resolves the long-standing mismatch between Jupiter's interior models and atmospheric composition measurements. Furthermore, our results imply that the measured atmospheric composition of exoplanets does not necessarily reflect their bulk compositions. We also investigate whether the enrichment could be due to the erosion of a dilute core and show that this is highly unlikely. The core-erosion scenario is inconsistent with evolution calculations, the deep radiative layer, and published interior models.
Science Sisters: interviews with diverse STEM role models on their journeys through science
Authors: van Zelst Iris , Cano Amoros Marina , Shivkumar Hinna
Published: July 2024

Science Sisters is a YouTube interview series and podcast hosted by Dr. Iris van Zelst. Lighthearted in tone, it explores different career paths, academic life, and science communication in the planetary and geosciences. The majority of the guests on the episodes are female and/or non-white to show a diverse range of role models in STEM and celebrate women in science. Together with the guest, Iris goes into the highs and lows of being a researcher and discusses issues in academia, such as the lack of permanent jobs in science and sexism. So far, two seasons of Science Sisters have been produced with topics including ethical fieldwork, switching careers, science communication, postdoc life, leadership, women in science, job applications, postdoc hopping, outreach, publishing, feeling incompetent, astronaut training, toxic academia, and how to build a research group. Here, we present the project and selected statistics from the YouTube channel like viewership, as well as some key nuggets of wisdom dealt out during the episodes. Additionally, we show how we use Science Sisters to start conversations on these topics in our own institutes: we organise a parallel seminar series where we watch the premieres of the episodes live on YouTube and afterwards have a discussion on the episode topic with the episode guest attending online. This has resulted in a greater understanding of each other and more cohesion within the institute. Early career scientists in particular say that Science Sisters is extremely useful to learn about life as a researcher and they enjoy the chatty, entertaining quality of the interviews.  
How sunlight facilitates particle motion on Martian slopes
Authors: Wurm Gerhard , Bila Tetyana , Stuers Kai , Joeris Kolja , Teiser Jens
Published: July 2024

In an experiment at Martian gravity (on parabolic flights), Martian pressure, and Martian insolation we simulated the motion of particles on Martian slopes with an inclined particle bed, representing Martian soil. The insolation generates temperature gradients within the soil which lead to thermal creep gas flow. This generates a sub-soil overpressure millimetres below the surface. The increased pressure supports particles against gravity. Here, we show for the first time that this support allows particles to move downward at much shallower slopes than on non-illuminated parts of the slopes. We also show for the first time, that on inclined slopes, the low Martian light flux is already sufficient to induce this motion (Bila et al. 2024). While low ambient pressure is usually not in favour of particle motion as it requires high wind speeds to pick up grains, this is not the case in the presence of thermal creep gas flow. In this case, the low ambient pressure on Mars is rather a booster for particle motion. The pressure at the surface of Mars is exactly in the pressure range, where thermal creep works best (Bila et al. 2023).At a given pressure, thermal creep depends on grain size. For soils of predominantly large sand-sized particles, no support will be present on Mars but for soils with significant fractions of smaller grains and dust, the flow features on slopes might be influenced, i.e. shaping Recurring Slope Lineae. Also, an easier downward motion of grains might increase the amount of dust that becomes entrained into the atmosphere.T. Bila, G. Wurm, K. Stuers, K. Joeris, and J. Teiser, Dry Downhill Particle Motion on Mars, Planetary Science Journal, (accepted), 2024.
T. Bila, J. Kollmer, J. Teiser, and G. Wurm, Thermal Creep on Mars: Visualizing a Soil Layer under Tension, Planetary Science Journal, 4:16 1-8, 2023.
The Resultant Craters from Lunar Impact Flashes
Authors: Sheward Daniel , Avdellidou Chrysa , Delbo Marco , Cook Anthony
Published: July 2024

IntroductionImpacts are one of the most destructive processes in the solar system, and impact craters have been identified on almost every type of solar system body. The lunar surface is covered in craters ranging from 2500 km in diameter, down to sub-millimetre scale. Lunar impact flashes (LIF) are caused by incandescence during an impact, and can be observed by ground based telescopes. Over 650 LIFs have been observed within literature [1,2,3], but despite this large volume of data, only 3 freshly formed craters with documented LIF have been located previous to this work. Such craters are important, as they serve as ground truth data for both the refinement of the luminous efficiency, η, typically taken as between 10-2 and 10-4, and for analysing which crater scaling law is most accurate at the scale of the observed craters. MethodPyNAPLE is software we developed to locate the resultant crater within Lunar epoch, of an observed LIF [4]. Using the >650 LIFs available in literature, we applied constraints to filter out the unconfirmed events, and to prioritise the higher energy events, which had the highest probability of being detected with PyNAPLE. In total, this left 22 LIFs to be processed with PyNAPLE. ResultsAfter processing the 22 LIF events, there were sufficient LROC images to locate the freshly formed craters for six new events, as well as the three already identified within literature[4,5,6]. For one of these events, two candidate craters were found. Additionally, two unlinked craters were located during the search, however comparing the formation window of these craters to the database of LIFs, no candidate formation events were identified. A selection of six of these craters is shown in Fig. 1. Figure 1: Six of the craters located from LIF observations by PyNAPLE. Analysis & DiscussionFor each of the 9 craters with known formation event, the likely parent meteoroid stream for each event can be obtained by comparing the LIF location to the meteoroid streams that were active and visible to the impacting location at the time of impact. Identification of the parent stream gives an approximate value for the impactors velocity, impacting angle, and projectile density.Using the calibrated brightness of each flash, a value for the luminous energy, Elum, can be obtained for each event. Using an estimate for η, the total kinetic energy of the impactor for each event can also be caluculated, KE = Elum / η.The crater scaling laws are several equations which all attempt to relate the kinetic energy of an impactor to the rim-to-rim diameter of the formed crater. As they were mostly derived from explosive tests, their accuracy at the
European Research Council (ERC) demographics and initiatives to promote diversity
Authors: Fivet Vanessa , Jesus-Rydin Claudia , Keil Andreas
Published: July 2024

The European Research Council (ERC), Europe’s premiere funding agency for frontier research, views equality of opportunities as an essential priority. The ERC closely monitors various demographic data yearly on every call and has taken actions to tackle imbalances and potential implicit and explicit biases.In this presentation, we will focus on demographic data of the three main funding schemes: Starting Grant, Consolidator Grant and Advanced Grant. The data of the ERC population, collected over the two past European Framework Programmes (FP7 2007-2013 and H2020 2014-2020) and the first years of the current one (Horizon Europe 2021-2027), will focus on gender and geographic location within the area of Universe Sciences and more particularly Planetary Sciences.The ERC is aware that promoting diversity is a continuous effort. We will present the various initiatives put in place since the beginning of the ERC, with a focus on the most recent actions taken to ensure inclusiveness and equality of opportunities.
Performance Simulation Tools for Space Telescopes Applied to the Ariel Space Mission
Authors: Mugnai Lorenzo V. , Bocchieri Andrea , Papageorgiou Andreas , Pascale Enzo
Published: July 2024

In designing and developing space instruments, fast and reliable tools are essential for validation and optimisation. Within the Ariel Space Mission framework, we have developed novel, versatile tools to estimate space instrument performance: ExoSim 2 and ArielRad.ExoSim 2 is a time-domain simulator for exoplanet observations, capable of simulating exoplanetary transit, eclipse, and phase curve observations from both ground and space-based instruments. This simulation captures temporal effects such as correlated noise and systematics on the light curve, producing spectral images akin to actual observations. Developed for the Ariel Space Mission, ExoSim 2 assesses the impact of astronomical and instrumental systematics on astrophysical measurements and prepares the data reduction pipeline against realistic data sets. Its outputs can be utilised by various data reduction methods to determine the best pipeline strategy for removing systematics and to assess the confidence level of retrieved quantities. ExoSim 2 is a refactored version of the original ExoSim, featuring improved usability, customisability, and compatibility with Python 3.7+. It includes an installer, documented examples, and a comprehensive guide, allowing users to incorporate new functionalities through user-defined functions.ArielRad is the Ariel radiometric model, which accurately predicts telescope performance for observing candidate targets across all mission photometric and spectroscopic channels. The software inputs a target description and a parameterisation of the payload, enabling the investigation of various design performances. ArielRad can simulate entire target lists, predicting the observing time and the resulting Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) versus wavelength. By analysing 1000 candidate targets within a 20-minute timescale, it validates different observational strategies. The software architecture is based on ExoRad 2, which is publicly available and can be adapted for future space missions.Together, ExoSim 2 and ArielRad provide comprehensive tools for the development, validation, and optimisation of space instruments, particularly within the Ariel Space Mission framework. Their versatility and robust performance make them valuable assets for current and future astronomical projects.
Aerodynamic and Mechanical Properties of Dust Aggregates in Low-Gravity Environments
Authors: Capelo Holly L. , Bodénan Jean-David , Jutzi Martin , Kühn Jonas , Mayer Lucio , Schönbächler Maria , Thomas Nicolas , Pommerol Antoine
Published: July 2024

Understanding the intricate dynamics of gas-dust interactions within protoplanetary disks is crucial for unraveling the mysteries of planetary system formation. We introduce TEMPus VoLA (Timed Epstien Multi-pressure vessel at Low Accelerations), an experimental setup designed to investigate particle dynamics and rarefied gas behavior in microgravity (Capelo et al. 2022 https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0087030). Figure 1 shows the experimental setup in flight configuration, together with a rendering of the multiple pressure vessels containing low-pressure gas and dust analogue materials.  Figure 1 (Reproduced from Capelo et al 2022). Left: TEMPusVoLA in flight configuration aboard Air Zero-G. Right: Multiple pressure vessels containing rarified gas and dust particle analog. Each chamber is designated to study a particular process: Shear flow, permeability, and drag forces on aggregates.  Through multiple dedicated experiments, we explore the effects of collective particle-gas interaction on pressure gradients (permeability), aerodynamic drag coefficients and mechanical properties of dust aggregates, and the onset of turbulence in shear flows. Figure 2 shows an example of a periodic velocity field developing in the shear flow chamber, where dust is injected as a stream in the flow of gas at vaccum pressure. We interpret the velocity field to indicate the onset of a Kelvin-Helmholtz like instability, generated for the first time with dust as the dense phase in pure molecular flow.  Figure 2 (Reproduced from Capelo et al. 2022). Particle-velocity in the stream-wise direction of the shear flow chamber, derived using particle image velocimetry.  The particle velocities are not constant, but rather oscilate. Our findings, gleaned from multiple parabolic flight campaigns, support a better understanding of dust transport and dynamics in planet-forming discs and also have implications for understanding phenomena like dust emission from cometary nuclei. The presented framework offers a valuable tool for validating models and numerical simulations of collective dust particle aerodynamics in low-gravity environments. 
Spin Orientation of the Galilean Satellites
Authors: Yseboodt Marie , Baland Rose-Marie
Published: July 2024

The four Galilean satellites (Io, Europa, Ganymede, and Callisto) are locked in a 1:1 spin-orbit resonance. Their rotation axis is assumed to be in a Cassini state, meaning that the rotation axis follows the long-term precession of the orbit normal. The obliquity of the satellites, which is the angular separation between the rotation axis and the orbit normal, is expected to be small. The satellites move on eccentric orbits and may have forced longitudinal librations.
The orientation/rotation angles can be described using at least two different sets of angle:
the Euler angles with respect to the Laplace plane: the obliquity θ and the node longitude ψ. Additionally, the rotation angle Φ gives the direction of the prime meridian. These angles are regularly used for the physical modeling of the torques, see for example Baland et al. (2012).
the equatorial coordinates with respect to the ICRF equatorial plane: the right ascension αS and the declination δS angles express the orientation of the rotation pole while W also gives the direction of the prime meridian. These angles are used in the IAU reports (e.g. Archinal et al. 2018).
We computed analytical expressions to transform the orientation angles of the Galilean satellites between the Laplace plane and the ICRF equatorial plane, up to the first order in small parameters like the obliquity. This method is an improvement with respect to zero obliquity models. It does not require any fit of the amplitudes and frequencies on numerical series and the physical meaning of the frequencies is kept from the input series. It will be useful for the interpretation of future Earth based observations or JUICE data. The link between the geophysical interesting parameters and the IAU angles is more direct.
Our method is similar to Yseboodt et al. (2023) that convert the Martian Euler angles into IAU angles. The coordinates are the position of the spin axis of the synchronous satellites projected onto the Laplace Plane sx = sin θ sin ψ, sy = -sin θ cos ψ. They can be described as trigonometric series given the orbital theory of Lainey et al. (2006) transformed to spin into a multi-frequency Cassini state as in Baland et al. (2012).
References:- B.A. Archinal, C.H. Acton, M.F. A'Hearn et al. Report of the IAU Working Group on Cartographic Coordinates and Rotational Elements: 2015. Celest. Mech. Dyn. Astron. 130(3):22, 2018.- R.M. Baland, M. Yseboodt, and T. Van Hoolst. Obliquity of the Galilean satellites: The influence of a global internal liquid layer. Icarus, 220:435-448, 2012.- V. Lainey, L. Duriez and A. Vienne. Synthetic representation of the Galilean satellites'orbital motions from L1 ephemerides. Astronomy & Astrophysics, 456(2):783-788, 2006. - M. Yseboodt, R.M. Baland and S. Le Maistre, Mars orientation and rotation angles. Celest. Mech. Dyn. Astron. 135(50), 2023.
Investigating ejecta plume and tail of (65803) Didymos binary system
Authors: Petrescu Elisabeta , Karatekin Özgur , Koschny Detlef , Jëhin Emmanuel , Vander Donckt Mathieu , Henry Grégoire , Ferrais Marin , Micheli Marco , Föhring Dora , Conversi Luca , Santana-Ros Toni , Berthier Jérôme , Koltz Alan , Thierry Pierre , Vachier Frédéric
Published: July 2024

The NASA Double Asteroid Redirection Test (DART) spacecraft was the first Planetary Defence mission to hit an asteroid, specifically the moon of Didymos, Dimorphos [1]. This impact altered Dimorphos's orbital parameters and excavating significant amount of material. The resultant was observed through limited ground-based telescopes, and for several months after the impact, the asteroid became the first man-made active asteroid, exhibiting mass loss that manifested as a tail, which changed over time [2].The measurements presented here derive from a unique set of photometric data obtained from the ground over several months covering the period before, during and after the impact, between August 2022 and January 2023. The data set taken in collaboration with ESA at Les Makes Observatory (La Réunion) [3], was excellently located to observe the impact and contains more than 8500 images taken over multiple months before and after impact. Another unique data set comes from the TRAPPIST telescopes network [4], two 0.6-m twin telescopes located in Morocco and in Chile. The data from TRAPPIST, contain almost 14 000 images, spanning several months. The images were taken in different filters, for photometric and colour measurements that gave us more information about the asteroid and also the dust composition of the ejecta tail. Here, we present the observations, their analysis and preliminary results on the evolution of ejecta plume and the long-lasting tail.AcknowledgementThis research is funded by the University of Liège and takes place under the COMETA team, and is made possible through TRAPPIST that is a project funded by the Belgian Fonds (National) de la Recherche Scientifique (F.R.S.-FNRS) under grant T.0120.21 and the support and collaboration of the Royal Observatory of Belgium, Les Makes Observatory, and the European Space Agency. Özgur Karateking, acknowledges the support of European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program, NEO-MAPP project (grant: 870377) as well as the funding support from the PRODEX program managed by the European Space Agency (ESA) with help of the Belgian Science Policy Office (BELSPO). Reference[1] Nancy L. Chabot et al (including Petrescu E.), PSJ 5:49 (24pp), 2024 February 2024;[2] Nicholas Moskovitz et al 2024 Planet. Sci. J. 5 35;[3] https://www.observatoiredesmakes.com/[4] Jehin E. et al, The Messenger, vol. 145, p. 2-6, 2
Quantifying and reducing flood forecast uncertainty by the CHUP-BMA method
Authors: Cui Zhen , Guo Shenglian , Chen Hua , Liu Dedi , Zhou Yanlai , Xu Chong-Yu
Published: July 2024

Abstract. The Bayesian model averaging (BMA), hydrological uncertainty processor (HUP), and HUP-BMA methods have been widely used to quantify flood forecast uncertainty. This study proposes the copula-based hydrological uncertainty processor BMA (CHUP-BMA) method by introducing a copula-based HUP in the framework of BMA to bypass the need for a normal quantile transformation of the HUP-BMA method. The proposed ensemble forecast scheme consists of eight members (two forecast precipitation inputs; two advanced long short-term memory, LSTM, models; and two objective functions used to calibrate parameters) and is applied to the interval basin between the Xiangjiaba and Three Gorges Reservoir (TGR) dam sites. The ensemble forecast performance of the HUP-BMA and CHUP-BMA methods is explored in the 6–168 h forecast horizons. The TGR inflow forecasting results show that the two methods can improve the forecast accuracy over the selected member with the best forecast accuracy and that the CHUP-BMA performs much better than the HUP-BMA. Compared with the HUP-BMA method, the forecast interval width and continuous ranked probability score metrics of the CHUP-BMA method are reduced by a maximum of 28.42 % and 17.86 % within all forecast horizons, respectively. The probability forecast of the CHUP-BMA method has better reliability and sharpness and is more suitable for flood ensemble forecasts, providing reliable risk information for flood control decision-making.
WOS VERİLERİNE GÖRE İFADE ÖZGÜRLÜĞÜ KONULU AKADEMİK ÇALIŞMALARIN BİBLİYOMETRİK ANALİZİ (1975-2024)
Authors: Bak Gökhan
Published: July 2024

Temel hak ve özgürlükler arasında önemli bir yere sahip olan ifade özgürlüğü, demokratik toplumların anayasalarında ve insan hakları metinlerinde yer alarak güvence altına alınmıştır. Bu araştırma, ifade özgürlüğü konulu akademik çalışmaların geçmişten günümüze yapısını ve gelecekte olası eğilimlerini belirlemek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Nitel araştırma desenlerinden mevcut durumu belirlemek amacıyla yapılan durum çalışması ile araştırma gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bu bağlamda, WoS veri tabanında “tüm alanlar” bölümüne “ifade özgürlüğü” kelimesi yazılarak tarama yapılması sağlanmıştır. Tarama sonucu ortaya çıkan 5662 akademik çalışma farklı değişkenler açısından incelenmiş ve yorumlanmıştır. VOSviewer yazılım aracı yardımıyla veriler görselleştirilmiş ve ağ haritaları elde edilmiştir. Araştırma sonucunda ifade özgürlüğü konusunda ilk çalışmanın 1975 yılında, en güncel çalışmanın ise 2024 yılında kaleme alındığı görülmüştür. WoS kategorilerine göre en fazla hukuk kategorisinde ve yoğunlukla makale türünde yer alan eserlerin büyük oranda ESCI indekslerinde yazıldıkları belirlenmiştir. Londra Üniversitesi’nin akademik araştırmaların en yoğun gerçekleştiği kurum olduğu sonucuna varılmıştır. Yazım dili olarak büyük oranda İngilizce yazılan çalışmaların departmanlara göre ayrıma gidildiğinde, sosyal bilimler ile hukuk departmanlarının ilk sıralarda yer aldığı belirlenmiştir. En verimli ülkeler sıralamasında Amerika’yı, İngiltere ve İspanya’nın takip ettiği görülmüştür. Araştırma alanı olarak hükümet hukuku ile iletişim alanlarında büyük oranda çalışmalara yer verildiği sonucuna varılmıştır. Araştırmalara en fazla finansman desteğinin Avrupa Birliği tarafından yapıldığı görülmüştür. En fazla atfın 2020 yılında alındığı ve en fazla anahtar kelime olarak ifade özgürlüğü kelimesinin kullanıldığı belirlenmiştir. Ağ haritalarına göre de bağlantı gücü en yüksek yazar, doküman, kaynak, anahtar kelime, ülke, referans ve kurum bilgilerine yer verilmiştir.
PROSPECTS FOR AN ACTIVE INVESTMENT STRATEGY USING THE EXAMPLE OF HEDGE FUNDS
Authors: Lomonosov A.A.
Published: July 2024

The article describes the current status of the hedge fund segment and their investment strategies using the analysis of financial statements, business models and the index method, when a group of hedge funds adhering to the same strategy are combined into an index. CAPM modeling, OLS and calculation of efficiency coefficients (including the Sharpe coefficient) were used. The results of the assessment allowed us to conclude that the most impactful in modern conditions is the global macro strategy of hedge funds investment. To evaluate future profitability within the framework of a given strategy, a model of dependence on market indices was developed.
DEVELOPMENT INSTITUTIONS: STRATEGIC OBJECTIVES AND RUSSIAN PRACTICE (ON THE MATERIALS OF THE MEETING OF THE SCIENTIFIC AND EXPERT COUNCIL OF THE INSTITUTE OF ECONOMICS OF THE RUSSIAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCES ON GOVERNANCE PROBLEMS)
Authors: Frolova N.D.
Published: July 2024

The current conditions have made the issues of governance, both state and corporate, particularly important in the context of strategic development goals. This is due to the combined effect of several factors: attempts to find new growth drivers, in particular through development institutions in the present system of the Russian economy; geopolitical challenges for Russia, digitalisation, and so on. The Scientific and Expert Council of the Institute of Economics of the Russian Academy of Sciences held a discussion on “Development Institutions: Strategic Goals and Russian Practice” on 26 March 2024. Scientific researchers, consultants and business representatives were invited to the discussion. The meeting focused on such issues as the priority directions of development institutions, the results achieved with their involvement, including the ones of assessing the effectiveness of development institutions’ activities.
CONTEMPORARY CONSUMER IN THE NETS OF DIGITAL ECONOMY
Authors: Rozanova N.M.
Published: July 2024

Digital economy has created both new possibilities and new risks for consumers. Researchers have noted that there arise obfuscation effects, instruments that digital ecosystems use to manipulate the optimal choice of individuals under high search transactional costs. Intertemporal price dispersions and dynamic pricing are based on the situations where clients express inattentive aspects as a result of their informational overloading in the periods of numerous price changes. Periodic up and down price oscillations hamper price understandings for consumers and serve as a beneficial focus in supporting collusive discipline within digital platforms. Newly formed price strategies on the basis of obfuscation phenomenon are out of the current competition policy and are not duly regulated.
NEW TENDENCIES IN GLOBAL FDI FLOWS
Authors: Kvashnina I.A.
Published: July 2024

The article examines measures, that took place in the regulation of foreign direct investment and their impact on the configuration of investment flows. It is noted that for some countries and economic unions in current geopolitical situation, FDI policy is becoming a part of the national strategy for economic security and technological sovereignty. The dynamics of the introduction of FDI restrictive and regulatory measures indicates an increase in protectionism, which leads, in particular, to a reconfiguration of global capital flows. The changes in the FDI inflows /outflows volumes and in their distribution by different regions and countries allow us to conclude that, on the one hand, the localization of a part of FDI within geopolitically close states is taking place, while on the other hand, in order to reduce political and economic risks the diversification of investment partners is going on
TRENDS IN TRADE AND ECONOMIC COOPERATION BETWEEN RUSSIA AND CENTRAL ASIAN COUNTRIES
Authors: Pylin A.G.
Published: July 2024

The paper analyzes the main trends in economic cooperation between Russia and the Central Asian states for the period 2021–2023 years in the context of Russian interests. The factors of economic interaction are analyzed taking into account the growing potential of the countries of the region. It is established that amid geopolitical tensions and large-scale anti-Russian sanctions of the West, the geo-economic importance of the Central Asian countries for the Russian Federation has increased significantly. The dynamics and structure of trade, investment and migration relations between Russia and the countries of the region are studied. The role of intermediated trade and relocation in enhancing economic cooperation is particularly noted. Joint projects in the transport and energy sectors are being considered. Industrial partnership stands out among the promising areas of cooperation, including through the joint formation of industrial zones.
EMPLOYMENT QUALITY AND WORK-RELATED WELL-BEING: APPROACHES TO MEASUREMENT
Authors: Soboleva I.V.
Published: July 2024

The article discusses advantages and disadvantages of various methodological approaches to analyzing socio-economic situation of the working population. The expedience of relying on the concept of work-related well-being is substantiated. While encompassing the crucial indicator of earnings sufficiency it pays special attention to non-monetary aspects of individual situation in the world of work. It is shown that the concept lies at intersection of several approaches that characterize the world of work from different sides and comprehensively reflects the social aspect of employment quality, focusing upon the needs of the employee as the most vulnerable side of labor relations.
Liberalismo y derechos humanos en la Constitución de Cádiz de 1812 y en la Constitución portuguesa de 1822. Historia comparada
Authors: Martínez Quinteiro Maria Esther
Published: July 2024

This article appeals to the convenience of reinforcing the use of comparatism as a methodological tool to better understand the history of early Portuguese and Spanish liberalism and their proven interactions. Based on comparative history and “discourse analysis (DA)”, considering secondary sources and primary legislative and media sources, we enter into the legal and historiographical debate on the impact of the Spanish Constitution of 1812 on the Portuguese Constitution of 1822, of which we are celebrating the bicentenary this year, and reinterprets and qualifies the role played by the introduction of a Declaration of Human Rights – absent in the Cadiz Constitution – in the Portuguese Constitution, minimizing the differential burden that historiography has tended to attribute of this piece of normative discourse on human rights from both the analytical and sociopolitical points of view.
Meta-análise da informação científica sobre Ação Humanitária e a invasão da Ucrânia. O Modelo MA&MT para Análise de Informação Técnica e Científica
Authors: Bandeira Fernando , Cairrão Álvaro
Published: July 2024

Through the use of the MA&MT Model for Analysis of Technical and Scientific Information, this article makes the meta-analysis of the information with the search terms “Ukraine” and “Humanitarian Action”. The collection under analysis focuses on the publications made in the post-invasion of Ukraine by the Russian Federation (24 February 2022). Methodologically, the basis of analysis diverges in two planes: that of content, which contemplates the information conveyed in the text; and the formal that refers to characteristics external to the documents. In the foreground, data mining methodologies are used (keywords; word list; cooccurrences; among others). In the formal plan, the evaluation of variables external to the content is made (author affiliation; document type; number of words). The article allowed to draw pertinent conclusions, both regarding the diversity of perspectives on the problem, and regarding the variables under analysis such as: sources; country of origin; methods used.