bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Engineering calculation of a midwater fishing trawl
Authors:   Kaliningrad State Technical University, Razhev Aleksey O. , Nedostup Aleksandr A. ,   Kaliningrad State Technical University
Published: April 2023

This paper presents a method for calculating the power and geometric properties of a midwater fishing trawl, which is a complicated engineering structure made up of tied flexible (threads, ropes, flap) and rigid (rigging, trawl boards) elements. A computational model, the functional relations for internal forces and geometric characteristics of the trawl, and a calculation procedure based on the finite element method are proposed. The computational algorithm is implemented on a graphics processing unit of a personal computer with the use of DirectCompute, Shader Model 5, and high-level shader language. The performance and resource intensity of the algorithm applied in the computer-aided design system for industrial fishing gear are assessed in terms of the number of trawl nodes and computing equipment. A comparative analysis of the calculated and experimentally obtained characteristics of the trawl physical model is presented. According to the results, the computational error in geometric characteristics and internal forces is less than 3 and 5%, respectively.
Effect of a gas flow structure in an axisymmetric channel on the inhomogeneous temperature field formation in a low-melting cylinder
Authors:   Tomsk State University, Skibina Nadezhda P. , Faraponov Valeriy V. ,   Tomsk State University
Published: April 2023

This paper presents a study of the interaction between high-speed airflow and the surface of a solid low-melting material in a flowing channel of a model body. Both numerical and experimental approaches are used to solve the problem, which allows one to perform a comprehensive analysis of the processes under study. Numerical simulation conditions correspond to aerodynamic tests in the experimental facility. The unsteady Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes (URANS) equations are used to describe a gas flow. When solving the problem, the coupled heat-transfer and turbulence are taken into account. The low-temperature gas-dynamic processes are considered, while the chemical reactions and phase transition are neglected. As a result of numerical simulations, the flow structure and regime in a flowing channel of the model are determined, as well as the pressure and temperature distributions in the near-wall region of a solid combustible material. The gas flow regime corresponds to an underexpanded jet flow with the separation of the boundary layer and the formation of the intense heat-transfer regions at the initial section of the flowing channel. According to the numerical simulation results, in aerodynamic tests with a Mach number of 6, the melting point is attained in the near-wall region of the solid combustible material (polyethylene, polyoxymethylene, and wax). Aerodynamic tests are carried out to validate the obtained results. Experimental results show that the variation in the flowing channel diameter in the thick-wall cylinder made of polyethylene and polyoxymethylene is induced by thermal expansion. In aerodynamic tests with a wax cylinder, the mass reduction and the fusion of the solid-gas interface are revealed.
A numerical method of solving the Cauchy problem for one differential equation with the Caputo fractional derivative
Authors:   Dagestan State University, Omarova Asiyat G.
Published: April 2023

The Cauchy problem for differential equations with fractional derivatives is used in many spheres of science and technology. It was the reason for the development of various methods for its solution, both analytic and approximate ones. The search of an exact solution of differential equations with fractional derivatives by analytic methods is a complex and ineffective task; for this reason, an attempt to solve the considered problem approximately is undertaken in this paper. gated on the segment [0, T]. The method of finite differences which is relatively primary to implement is used for the numerical solution. A difference scheme approximating the Cauchy problem with the first order is constructed on a uniform grid. The difference problem is studied for stability and convergence with a fixed value of the function α(t). It is shown that the numerical solution of the problem converges to the exact solution in the first order. Explicit recurrent formulas for the numerical solution are obtained. A computational experiment upon analysis of the numerical solution of the Cauchy problem is carried out. It is shown on the basis of the computational experiment that if we take the average value for α(t), the first order exactness takes place.
Determination of the values of transfer characteristics in multicomponent media on the basis of micro-process analysis
Authors:   Kazan National Research Technical University named after A. N. Tupolev, Anisimova Irina V. , Ignat'ev Victor N. ,   Kazan National Research Technical University named after A. N. Tupolev, Lapteva Elena Yu. ,   Kazan National Research Technical University named after A. N. Tupolev
Published: April 2023

This paper proposes a two-level approach for mathematical modeling of processes in multicomponent gas mixtures. It involves a combination of the description of conservation laws based on macro-equations and the determination of the corresponding transfer coefficients using the analysis of micro-processes. The main purpose of this work is to develop an algorithm for determining transport characteristics in multicomponent media based on the analysis of inner micro-processes. Hence, the kinetic molecular theory of gases and liquids is used, namely, the collision part of the Boltzmann equation. It includes multiple improper integrals taking into account the effect of micro-processes in the medium on the values of transport coefficients. When integrating the Boltzmann equation by the Chapman-Enskog method, the transport coefficients are expressed through integral brackets of the Sonin polynomials, which represent the linear combinations of molecular collision integrals. Their calculations require the use of efficient mathematically sound ways including the elements of parallel computing.
On the principle of least action in terms of incompressible fluid flow in a channel of variable cross-section
Authors:   Tomsk State University, Afonin Gennadiy I.
Published: April 2023

A formulation of the principle of least action is proposed as applied to the stationary motion of a non-viscous, non-heat-conducting, incompressible fluid in an axisymmetric channel of variable cross section. As a result of solving the variational problem corresponding to this principle, a connection was found between the components of the velocity vector, which made it possible to determine the shape of the channel in which the implementation of the principle of least action is ensured, and the flow parameters both in the channel itself and in the initial outflow region - the region that forms the flow in some conditional section of the entrance to the channel
Response of fine-grained fiber-reinforced concrete under different mechanical loading conditions
Authors:   Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, Lamzin Dmitriy A. , Gonov Mikhail E. ,   Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, Bragov Anatoliy M. ,   Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, Lomunov Andrey K. ,   Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod
Published: April 2023

This paper presents an experimental study of the deformation and energy absorption of fiber-reinforced concretes under compression at different strain rates. Static load tests are carried out using the Zwick-Roell Z100 universal testing machine at a strain rate of 30*10"6 s-1. Dynamic load tests are carried out in the range of strain rates 200-800 s-1 using the Kolsky method, which implies loading of the studied sample in a split Hopkinson pressure bar system. Specimens are made from a concrete mixture with the addition of wavy steel or polypropylene fibers with a volume fraction of 1.5 %. As a result of experiments and processing of the recorded strain pulses of measuring bars, the deformation diagrams and the corresponding diagrams of the specific energy absorption for the fiber-reinforced concretes under study are constructed. For all concretes being studied, the diagrams of deformation and energy absorption have similar trends and show an increase in the strength and energy before fracture initiation with an increase in the strain rate.
ENGLISH NEOLOGICAL UNITS WITH CLIMATE AND THEIR TRANSLATION INTO UKRAINIAN
Authors:   Research and Educational Center of Foreign Languages, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kramar Natalie , Levko Oleksandr ,   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: April 2023

The article is focused on English word combinations and compound adjectives with climate, which have come into use over the last 50 years, reflecting the growing significance of climate change and vigorous discussion of its mitigation in the public discourse. The study combines qualitative and quantitative approaches, with partial involvement of corpus techniques. We identify the most common collocations and compound adjectives with climate in the NOW (News on the Web) corpus of English, discussing the context of their use and semantic categories they fall into. Thus, among novel climate collocations we distinguish such categories as: 1) terminological units that denote the process of climate change as such ("climate emergency", "climate catastrophe"); 2) units that refer to the efforts of climate change mitigation on state and international levels ("climate summit", "climate finance"); 3) units that refer to negative emotional states related to a person’s preoccupation with climate change ("climate grief", "climate doomism"). We particularly address the changing terminological landscape in this area, as powerful and emotionally laden phrases "climate emergency", "climate crisis" and others are replacing the more neutral “climate change". Furthermore, we trace the ways of translation of common units with climate into Ukrainian based on Ukrainian-language web sources and legislative documents. It has been established that a high extent of variability currently exists in the rendition of climate units into Ukrainian. The most common variation is between a calque and permutation ("climate resilience" – "кліматична стійкість" / "стійкість до зміни клімату") or between a calque and explicatory translation ("climate policy" – "кліматична політика" / "політика у сфері зміни клімату"). We point out some cases where explicatory translation and synonymous substitution are more preferable than calquing with regard to accuracy (for example, "climate smart" – "кліматично орієнтований" rather than "кліматично розумний").
THE COMIC ASPECT OF THE TRADITIONS CONCEPT IN LUIGI PIRANDELLO'S NOVELS
Authors:   Borys Grinchenko Kyiv University, Lazer Taras , Lazer-Pankiv Olesia ,   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: April 2023

The article contains the results of the analysis of the specific features for representing the comic aspect of the TRADITIONS concept in the novels "L’Esclusa", "Il Turno", "Il Fu Mattia Pascal", "Suo Marito" by Luigi Pirandello. The basis for understanding how the author comprehended the comic within the TRADITIONS concept lays in his original interpretation of the categories of humour and comic which he elaborated under the influence of H. Bergson’s and G. Simmel’s theories. The thoughts of a literary critic A. Tilgher also had a great impact on L. Pirandello’s creative evolution and worldview, specifically on the writer’s approach to the category of comic. Moreover, the article deals with the ethnic specificity (all-Italian, and Sicilian in particular) as one of the main factors that determined the author’s works. L. Pirandello shows ironic and satyric attitude towards the Sicilian society which is mainly noticeable in the descriptions of the characters inflicted by a conservative worldview. The comic side of the TRADITIONS concept is represented (predominantly in a metaphorical way) in a dichotomy of the closed static social system and the spiritual freedom merged with true deep feelings of an individual. The microconcepts FAMILY and SOCIETY were defined and analyzed within the TRADITIONS concepts. The important qualities of FAMILY and SOCIETY are their static, mechanic, cycle nature, and social determination which the author unifies under a common idea of degrading. One of the main components in the TRADITIONS concept comic representation structure are the generalized characters used for creating the conflict "group VS individual". The TRADITIONS concept represents for L. Pirandello a deformed reality which he verbalizes with the age, religion, invective markings towards conservative characters and their society. The comic side of the TRADITIONS concept is realized through an ironic counterpositioning of a conservative and contemporary worldview.
LINGUOPOETIC ANALYSIS OF THE LATIN PANEGYRIC "ITER LAUREATUM"
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Ukraine, Myronova Valentyna , Lastovets Mariia Lastovets ,   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: April 2023

This paper presents the linguopoetic analysis of the Latin panegyric "Iter Laureatum" by Hryhorii Vyshnovskyi, dedicated to Josaf Krokovskyi, the former rector of Kyiv-Mohyla Academy. The panegyric is analyzed within the historical and cultural context of that time. The purpose of this study is to give the idea of the structure, poetic means and individual author's performance of the genre in Latin language. The relationship between Ukrainian baroque poetry and antiquity is defined in precedent texts. Precedent texts actualize well-known cultural phenomena, thereby creating the effect of recognition. It is proved that the transfer of the narrative to the mythological plane creates the effect of historicity and legendary nature of the event or personality, which benefits panegyric pathos. The article focuses on lexical poetic means (analysis of poetic interpretation of mythological names) and stylistic means (the amplification, anaphor, use of metaphors and comparisons). The mythological names are classified according to the main thematic groups: geographic names, representing the ancient and medieval realities (Regna Mauri, Regna Lydiae, regna Arabum, Canopus, Thracia, Rhodopa, Troja), personal names of mythological characters (Apollo, Melpomene, Polyhymnia, Thalia, Siren, Echo, Hercules), words of musical art (chorda, carmen, lyra, chorus, nablium), martial arts (Mars, Scipio, trophaeum). The following metaphors were defined for description of patron's dignity: "majorum decus"; "pater Rossiadum"; "patronus pupillae sortis"; "victor cordis"; "princeps pectoris". We direct attention to the realization of author's narrative strategy of the will-expression, which is to exalt the patron's generosity and express the affection and loyalty towards him. It is discussed the poet's intention to cross the time barriers and transfer the mythological realities to the Ukrainian ground (Borysthenes, Siren Kioviensis).
“The Story of One Life” by Franciszek Żulichowski. Russia and Russians on the border of the Tsarist Empire on the example of the Olkusz region in the years 1897–1914
Authors:   Akademia Nauk Stosowanych im. Józefa Gołuchowskiego w Ostrowcu Świętokrzyskim, Kamionka Mateusz
Published: April 2023

The article aims to present everyday life in the Olkusz poviat at the end of the 19th and the beginning of the 20th century, especially in terms of relations between the Poles and Russians. In these times, Olkusz belonged to the Kielce Governorate of the Kingdom of Poland, and was one of the most western regions in the vast Russian Empire. Due to its location, relations in the city were influenced not only by Poles' national liberation views, but also by arranging their lives on the border, where, for example, smuggling was an everyday issue. The article, however, particularly analyzed the russification of Poles at that time, thanks to excerpts from unpublished diaries, but also important and interesting social relations between Poles and Russians.
Russia versus Ukraine: a historical front
Authors: Doroshko Mykola
Published: April 2023

«Memory wars» are an integral part of relations between Ukraine and Russia. The modern Russian-Ukrainian war is not only a war for Ukrainian territory, which the Russian Federation seeks to capture, but also a confrontation between the Ukrainian world, as an organic part of Europe, and the so-called "Russian world", which is based on the idea of imperial revenge. The author believes that the real essence of Ukrainian-Russian relations is the opposition of the Ukrainian world to the plans of Russia (Muscovy) to absorb Ukraine, which has been going on for several centuries.
Russian cosmetics from Europe or European cosmetics from Russia - country of origin in communication of Natura Siberica brand in the contexct of boycott of Russian products
Authors: Kokowicz Dorota Janina
Published: April 2023

The aim of this paper is to demonstrate the problem of understanding the country-of-origin of products and brands in the context pf the boycott of Russian products in Poland after Russia’s invasion of Ukraine in February 2022. The author discusses the most important issues related to understanding the “nationality: of brands and, on the example of Natura Siberica founded in Russia, shows how communicating about the country of origin affects brand identity, its perception and functioning on the market. It also indicates the problems and changes in communication of Natura Siberica, which has so far benefited from implementation of associations related to Siberia into its marketing narration.
“Nothing is destined”: the chance given to the world by the COVID-19 pandemic (notes in the margins of Farid Zakaria's book). F. Zakaria, Ten Lessons for a Post-Pandemic World, Dublin: Penguin Books, 2021, 324 p.
Authors: Nechaieva-Yuriichuk Nataliia
Published: April 2023

“Nothing is destined”: the chance given to the world by the COVID-19 pandemic (notes in the margins of Farid Zakaria's book). F. Zakaria, Ten Lessons for a Post-Pandemic World, Dublin: Penguin Books, 2021, 324 p.
Formation and activity of the Polish Republic military structures supplying the UPR’s divisions (April – October 1920)
Authors: Liaskovych Tetiana
Published: April 2023

The article is devoted to the little-known aspect of cooperation of the Polish and Ukrainian People Republics. In particular, it addresses the supplies to combat divisions of UPR Army in accordance with the military convention of April 24, 1920. The provision was enabled by the formation and activity of the special military Polish institutions in the Right Bank Ukraine. It deals with the command of the stages of the Polish Troops in Ukraine, Polish military representatives in the UPR government, section “U”, Ukrainian representatives of the 6th Army of the Polish Troops. Their task was to deliver the necessary supplies to the military divisions of the UPR. Special attention was paid to their work performance, which had a general positive effect on the military activity of the Ukrainian divisions in their counteracting the Red Army till the autumn 1920.
Polish diplomacy towards the Soviet Union after the May Coup
Authors: Życki Artur
Published: April 2023

The May Coup did not initially bring about any major changes in Polish foreign policy, although the post-May governmental circles put a stronger emphasis on the Promethean idea and the concept of the Intermarium. In mutual relations between Warsaw and Moscow, a dialogue on the Polish-Soviet non-aggression treaty continued, as before 1926. The main point of contention was Warsaw's position on the necessity of concluding a Polish-Soviet non-aggression pact simultaneously with Moscow's analogous agreements with: Latvia, Estonia, Finland and Romania. The article presents the path to the agreement from the perspective of Warsaw, taking into account the changing international situation, including the rise of fascist tendencies in Europe, the threat of war and changes in the USSR's domestic policy. The agreement of 25 January 1932 and the non-agreement pact of 25 July that year between Poland and the USSR were the high points of mutually correct relations. Later years, the Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact and 17 September showed that Sanation diplomacy was unable to prevent Poland from losing its independence. Whether this catastrophe could have been prevented remains a matter of dispute.
Political parties in Poland towards eastern policy and Polish-Ukrainian cooperation: conditions, concepts, evolution
Authors: Sokół Wojciech
Published: April 2023

The study addresses the issue of the positions of political parties in Poland on eastern policy, in particular on Polish-Ukrainian cooperation. Therefore, an attempt was made to answer questions about the historical background of these views, the impact of international and internal situation in Poland and Ukraine. The subject of the analysis was the issues of economic relations, views on the European integration of Ukraine, the relevance of historical issues in the programs and decisions of political parties from the early 1990s to 2023.
The Effects of Fipronil on Glutathione and Histology of Freshwater Snails
Authors: ARSLAN Pınar , YILDIRIM Prof.dr. Mehmet Zeki , GÜNAL Aysel Çağlan
Published: April 2023

Fipronil (C12H4Cl2F6N4OS, CAS No: 120068-37-3) is frequently used in agricultural fields and veterinary medicine as an insecticide and acaricide. It is known to contaminate aquatic ecosystems by mixing with surface waters and to accumulate in abiotic matrices. In this study, the effects of fipronil are investigated using freshwater snails Viviparus contectus (Millet, 1813). After exposure of snails to 1, 10 and 100 mg L-1 fipronil for 7 days, all body tissues were taken. As a result of the study of glutathione, one of the tissue antioxidant parameters, a significant increase was observed in the control group, which was administered 1 mg L-1 fipronil, compared to the other dose groups (P<0.05). Exposure to different concentrations of fipronil resulted with degenerations and necrosis of the digestive gland tubules of snails, histologically. The damages in the digestive gland tissue were increased with increasing of the concentration. Since snails are an important species for freshwater ecosystems, it can be emphasized that pesticides such as fipronil pose a potential risk to these organisms.
TEACHING WRITING INFORMATIONAL TEXTS TO MIDDLE SCHOOL STUDENTS
Authors: Tran Hoai Phuong
Published: April 2023

In the Secondary Education Program for Literature 2018, informational texts have been focused on and become one of the three main types of texts which are taught to students besides literary texts and argumentative texts. Accordingly, students are not only guided to read informational texts, but also practice writing these texts based on a specific process. This article outlines a number of requirements for teaching writing lessons due to the characteristics of texts and the requirements of teaching writing with a process approach. The article also proposes methods and techniques for teaching writing informational texts such as models, diagrams, the Kipling and think-aloud technique, etc. The research results contribute to improving the quality of teaching this type of text in middle schools.
THE TEACHING OF READING COMPREHENSION MULTIMODAL TEXTS COMPETENCE ASSESSMENT STANDARDS FOR PHILOLOGY PEDAGOGICAL STUDENTS
Authors: Nguyen The Hung
Published: April 2023

The teaching competence assessment standards are a set of tools that contribute to the assessment of the teaching competence level of teachers. This article aims to unify the concept from which to develop the teaching reading comprehension multimodal texts competence assessment standards to meet educational innovation in general and competence development of the teachers in particular. The targeted object is the Philology pedagogical students trained to be Literature teachers. From the process of building competence assessment standards in general, combined with the scientific basis is the outcomes of several modules with content related to teaching reading comprehension activities and developing the teaching reading comprehension competence, the output standard of the university curriculum, the article synthesize and implement the process of building the teaching reading comprehension multimodal texts competence assessment standards for Philology pedagogical students. Through these competence assessment standards, this article builds the line of developed teaching reading comprehension multimodal text competence as a measurement tool for the level of the students’ teaching reading comprehension, contributing to supporting the assessment and evaluation of the teaching reading comprehension multimodal texts competence at the university.
STUDENT DIFFERENTIATION IN MUSIC AT HIGH SCHOOL
Authors: Ta Hoang Mai Anh
Published: April 2023

The student characteristic’ differentiation in music at the high school level is reflected in many aspects such as cognitive ability including knowledge perceiving and logical thinking ability, gifted-hobby including the ability of musical performance, perceiving, and creation; Learning needs including career orientation, regionality, and individual condition. Each of the above factors has its own characteristics, and teachers need to know this to adjust the teaching process to meet the requirements of developing students' competencies effectively
BUILDING CRITERIAS FOR ASSESSING THE ROLE OF INSTRUCTIONAL LEADERSHIP OF LOWER SECONDARY PRINCIPAL MEETING WELL WITH VIETNAMESE EDUCATIONAL INNOVATION
Authors: Vu Thi Mai Huong
Published: April 2023

Instructional leadership is associated with the leadership role of the principal relating to teaching. The leadership role of principal is increasingly interested for many reasons, mainly high schools are experiencing drastic reforms, teaching from content approach to competency approach that requires the principal to lead the school to adapt to the new requirements of reality. Moreover, the increasing pressure of school autonomy promotes proactivity and positivity in the leadership of the school's activities. The changes that are forced to go through (surpass) and the pressure of decentralization push many changes in the school organization with its accompanying elements such as new curriculum, new teachers, the application of technology (technology application), etc… The principal, as an instructional leader, must ensure there is a connection (an association) between the curriculum, the instruction, and the assessment of the standards necessary to ensure student achievement. The article aims to develop criteria to evaluate the instructional leadership role of the principals of secondary schools in response to educational innovation. The criteria developed include: Determining the vision for teaching activities; Developing programs and directing teaching activities; Creating conditions to promote teaching activities; Motivation for teaching activities; Encourage the application of ICT in teaching. The criteria are tested for feasibility through trial survey and assessment of the reliability of the scale.
UNDERSTANDING THE IMPACTS ON COMMUNITY FROM TIN ORE MINING: A CASE STUDY IN CHAU HONG COMMUNE, QUY HOP DISTRICT, NGHE AN PROVINCE
Authors: Pham Thi Ngoc Quynh , Luong Minh Phung , Nguyen Ngoc Anh
Published: April 2023

After the introduction of Doi moi, Vietnam has strengthened the exploitation of mineral resources to serve domestic demand and export, making a great contribution to the national economy. Due to the acceleration of industrialization and under the guidance of China’s Belt and Road initiative, tin ore mining, as a foundation for the steel industry, has achieved a significant growth rate and production output. Despite of the macroeconomic achievements, tin ore mining industry has caused adverse impacts to local. This paper seeks to understand how local community experienced the whole range of impacts from the exploitation of tin ores. The study applies the qualitative research method through 19 semi-structured in-depth interviews, participant and field observation in Na Hieng village, Chau Hong commune, Quy Hop district, Nghe An. The finding reveals that although mining industry might play a significant role in local economic growth, this activity has increasingly caused property damage, social instability and environmental degradation. The authors endeavor to provide timely empirical research to advance knowledge on mining industry with a special focus on the different consequences of tin ore mining in the affected community.
DESIGNING AND ORGANIZING EXPERIENTIAL LEARNING ACTIVITIES TO DEVELOP STUDENTS' ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION COMPETENCE THROUGH THE OPTIONAL TOPIC OF CHEMICAL FERTILIZERS OF CHEMISTRY 11
Authors: Pham Thanh Nga , Do Thu , Phung Thi Lan , Nguyen Thi Kim Giang
Published: April 2023

Chemistry is a close combination of theory and experiment which is a bridge of the Natural Sciences such as Physics, Biology, Medicine, and Geology. Experiential learning activities using experiments in teaching chemistry play a very important role in the new general education curriculum. Through these activities, students have more opportunities to apply their acquired knowledge and skills in real life to form and develop general and specific competencies and enhance their creativity and passion. Within the scope of this article, we have studied the theoretical basis of experiential learning and organized experiential learning activities using experiments (Test Kit) to identify and determine ammonium (NH4+) concentration in 7 fertilizer samples (Ure CO(NH2)2; NPK, organic fertilizers, natural water samples) to improve students' environmental protection competence. The results of pedagogical experimentation on 85 students (class 11) of Truc Ninh B High School, Nam Dinh province, and 87 students (class 11) of Tue Tinh High School in Hai Duong province have proved the feasibility and effectiveness of this study. This research has contributed to raising the awareness and responsibility of students about environmental issues and environmental pollution.
An observational study to compare the effect of intravenous dexmedetomidine versus intravenous magnesium sulphate pretreatment on characteristics of spinal anaesthesia
Authors: Pandey Vandana , Gajendra Akash , Vatsalya Tripti , Gupta Vikas , Mehrotra Shikha
Published: April 2023

The study was conducted to assess & compare the effect of pretreatment with intravenous Dexmedetomidine and Magnesium sulphate on characteristics of SAB with hyperbaric bupivacaine.

80 ASA grade I and II patients (age: 18-60 years) scheduled for infraumblical surgery under spinal anesthesia were included & randomly divided into group-D (dexmedetomidine 1μ gm/kg) and group-M (magnesium sulfate 50 mg/kg). patients were given prefixed doses of either intravenous dexmedetomidine or Magnesium sulfate 15 mins before SAB. Incidence of hypotension, highest level & duration of sensory & motor blockage, duration of analgesia, vasopressor requirement and incidence of sedation, nausea & vomiting were compared.

highest upper level of sensory block after SAB was higher in group-D (p value < 0.001) than group-M. onset of sensory & motor block was earlier & duration of sensory and motor block, time of rescue analgesia was longer in group-D (p value < 0.001). Depth of sedation was higher in group-D though oxygen saturation and respiratory rate was comparable in both groups. Postoperative VAS score (p value < 0.001) was lower in dexmedetomidine group.

Study suggests that Intravenous dexmedetomidine at a dose of 1μg/kg is a better adjuvant to 0.5% hyperbaric bupivacaine than MgSo at a dose of 50 mg/kg in infra-umbilical surgeries, with complications of hypotension and bradycardia occurring at acceptable incidences.
Serum CRP and smear grading standards between patients with lung TB
Authors: Verma Anita , Sogat Rajendra
Published: April 2023

Assessing C-reactive protein concentration in lung TB as a predictor of sputum conversion and identifying the link active Serum-C protein and severity of disease.

Newly diagnosed lung tuberculosis patients and age group & gender compared to healthy people in the control group. A high-dose experimental test of active C-ELISA protein was used to measure Serum-C-reactive protein. ANOVA and t tests have been used to determine mathematical significance.

In patients with AFB positive, Serum-C-reactive protein levels were significantly higher in AFB3 + patients (63.12 ± 11.21) compared with AFB2 + patients (36.25 ± 7.42), AFB1 + (14.26 ± 3.12) and and AFB ± 7.23 (7.23 patients) 7.23) 2.19).

Serum-C-reactive protein level should better understand the severity of the disease which plays a key role in diagnosing and determining the clinical outcome of the disease.
Clinico-microbiological profile of healthcare associated infections in a neonatal intensive care unit and its relation with environmental surveillance
Authors: Moses Serra Saji , Kuruvilla Thomas S , B K Praveen
Published: April 2023

Healthcare associated infections (HAI’s) or nosocomial infections are frequently encountered in neonatal intensive care units (NICU’s), resulting in morbidity as well as mortality of new born babies, with varying predisposing factors and microbiological profile.

This study was conducted to identify the most common HAI among the neonates admitted in the NICU, to identify the risk factors of HAI’s in neonates and to compare the bacteriological profile of culture positive cases with the results of environmental survey.

This was a prospective study, conducted for a duration of one and a half years from December 2018 to May 2020. Environmental samples from the NICU as well as clinical samples from neonates admitted to the NICU of a tertiary care centre for a duration of more than 2 calendar days were collected.

The most common HAI in the NICU was VAP (41.6%), followed by CLABSI (21.8%). Statistically significant risk factors for neonatal nosocomial infection were preterm birth, LSCS, presence of comorbidities, Low Birth Weight, absence of breast feeding and Apgar score. The most common Gram negative organism isolated was Acinetobacter baumannii (18.8%) and Gram positive organism as Methicillin Resistant Coagulase negative Staphylococcus (MRCoNS) (13.9%).

Acinetobacter baumanni above average isolation rate was matching with the growth of the similar organism each month, according to the surveillance report.

The most common HAI among neonates in our study was VAP, majority of which were caused by Gram negative bacteria. Acinetobacter baumanni was found to have an isolation rate above average on environmental surveillance, indicating its role in causing HAI’s in neonates admitted to the NICU. However, this study did not show a definitive association between HAI and the environmental surveillance report.
An insight into gender based variations of autonomic functions among young adults
Authors: Patra Subhadeep , Chatterjee Sudakshina , De Kaberi , Chanda Debarati , Panda Prem Sagar
Published: April 2023

Since this is a vital developmental phase, studying the health patterns of young adults, particularly cardiovascular health, is critical. Autonomic function testing (AFT) is a crucial non-invasive procedure for determining the state of one's cardiovascular system. There are only a few studies on autonomic responsiveness in young people.

To study the autonomic responses to various cardiovascular autonomic function tests among young adult subjects and to look into the gender-based variations.

Males made up 114 (50.67 percent) of the total 225 individuals, while females made up the rest. The study's target age group was 18-29 years old. The CANWIN analyser of genesis medical systems was used to investigate autonomic function tests such as resting heart rate, heart rate reaction to slow deep breathing (SDB), Valsalva Ratio (VR), 30:15 ratios response to standing, and blood pressure response to sustained handgrip. CANWIN is a state-of-the-art Cardiac Autonomic Neuropathy (CAN) Analysis System with interpretation for PC Windows*. The data was analysed statistically using STATA software (version 13.1).

: Dysautonomia was seen in 150 of the 225 participants (66.66 percent). The number of dysautonomia participants was not statistically different between males and females (P value=0.15).

: Anxiety, stress, a poor diet, and a disrupted sleep cycle could all contribute to the high number of dysautonomia patients. There have been a number of reports linking dysautonomia to nutritional deficits. To investigate the causative factors, more longitudinal studies including nutritional status assessments are needed.
Study of prevalence of anaemia and haematological parameters in children below 12 years in Northern Karnataka
Authors: VG Mujumdar , Chengty Siddaling , Rajkumar Papanka , Siddiqua Ayesha
Published: April 2023

Anaemia may be defined as a reduction in red blood cell (RBC) mass or blood haemoglobin (HGB) concentration. The most common cause of anaemia in newborns include blood loss, Rh or ABO incompatibility in 3 to 6 months suggests hemoglobinopathy, Nutritional iron deficiency causes after six months hence symptoms of blood examination in children play a significant role below 12 years.

92 children below 12 years of age having anaemia were studied. The blood examination was done to rule out PCV, MCV, MCH, MCHC, RPW, Hb%, PS study, reticulocyte count, and serum iron (Fe), Serum B, folic acids.

The types of anaemia were 53(57.6%) anaemia, 13(14.1%) Thalassemia, 10(10.8%) Megablastic anaemia, 8(8.6%) Anaemia of acute haemorrhage, 5(5.4%) sickle cell anaemia, 2(2.1%) aplastic anaemia, 1(1.08%) leukaemia. Clinical manifestations had 92(100%) pallor, 78(84.7%) weakness and fatigability, 36(39.1%) fever, 26(28.2%) Icterus, 19(20.6%) shortness of breathing, 16(17.3%) hepatomegaly, 14(15.2%) cough, 13(14.1%) history of pica, 12(13%) splenomegaly, 10(10.8%) petechiae, 9(9.7%) vomiting, 9(9.7%) Koilonychias, 5(5.4%) hyper-pigmentation, 6(6.5%) tremors, 21(22.8%) was mild anaemia, 42(45.6%) moderate, 29(31.5%) severe anaemia on the basis of haemoglobin level.

This pragmatic study of anemia had iron deficiency was a major cause followed by thalassemia, megaloblastic, acute hemorrhagic sickle cell, aplastic anemia. This study will be helpful to the pediatrician to treat such children efficiently to avoid morbidity and mortality.
Study of depressive illness in retired persons in Maharashtra population
Authors: Qureshi Sadeq Mazhar
Published: April 2023

As the age advances the myelination of nerve cells degenerate and motor and sensory functions of the brain will start retardation and brain is referred as Fed brain or fatigue brain. After retirement person looses social contact, status or adequate monetary income this will lead to depression.

60 (sixty) retired (elderly) patients with multiple psychiatric illness associated with depression were studied with psychiatric counselling. Their post history and associated medical problems were also recorded and treated accordingly.

Different depressive illness include – 23(38.3%) dementia, 14(23.3%) major depression, 11(18.3%) manic, 8(13.3%) anxiety, 4(6.6%) paranoid reaction. Associated medical problems were – 14(23.3%) DM, 21(35%) OA, 8(13.3%) vertigo, 7(11.6%) visual problems, 10(16.6%) constipation The social or family problems were – 17(28.3%) family conflicts, 13(21.6) death of life partner or close relative, 9(15%) sudden loss of job or business, 21(35%) loneliness, 38(61.2%) had suicidal ideation, 22(36.6%) attempted for suicide.

The depressive illness of retired or elderly people is quite common psychiatric illness. Apart from the medical treatment, they must be treated with love and affection because patient develops insecurity and loneliness because of retired life.
An assessment of the patient’s understanding and knowledge of the relevance of pre-anesthetic check-up
Authors: Asthana Unnati , Anshumali  , Sharma Shruti
Published: April 2023

Pre anesthetic checkup is an important prerequisite of any surgery. Therefore the importance of a detailed pre anesthetic check-up including a thorough history and clinical examination should be known to all the patients undergoing any kind of surgery. It can be gauged by the fact that missing out even a single event like a previous drug reaction may jeopardize a precious life.

The aim of our study was to assess the understanding of the importance of a pre-anesthetic check-up (PAC) and its components amongst the population coming for elective surgeries in a tertiary care hospital in Urban India.

: A prospective randomized observational study was conducted including 450 patients (18-60yrs) coming to a tertiary hospital in a metropolitan city over a period of three months. Each patient was asked to fill out a questionnaire consisting of 16 questions in Hindi (local language)/ English in the waiting area. Every question had multiple possible choices and they had to choose one most appropriate answer according to them. Every correct answer was marked 1 while an incorrect answer was given a score of 0.

The data was expressed as percentage and frequency. The correlation tests were applied using the appropriate tests according to the latest SPSS version and included the unpaired t-tests and one way analysis of variance.

Out of the 450 patients, only 21.2% had the knowledge of a pre anesthetic clinic. It was also observed that only 19.4% were aware that risk assessment is done in pre anesthetic checkup for undergoing proposed surgery. 54.6% did not know about the importance of optimization before surgery. 99.2% desired to receive information about anesthesia before experiencing.

Despite the improved literacy rate, there is a dearth of knowledge about the importance of the pre-anesthetic checkup (PAC) clinic visit before an elective surgery and the role of an anesthesiologist in the perioperative period
Clinicopathological study of swellings of the thyroid gland with an emphasis on multinodular goitre
Authors: Desai Rajendra , Srivastava Rajat , Amenha Chandramala
Published: April 2023

Many suggest that clinical examination is the best tool to detect the nodules of the thyroid gland. They also suggest that ultrasound of the thyroid gland should be used only to monitor any changes in the size of the nodule of the thyroid.

To study swellings of the Thyroid gland with an emphasis on multinodular goitre.

The study is prospective, involving all the patients of thyroid swelling. All thyroid swelling cases were subjected to FNAC. The type of thyroidectomy was based on the size and type of thyroid whether neoplastic or non-neoplastic. All the 102 patients were treated by surgeries like hemithyroidectomy, subtotal and total thyroidectomy following FNAC.

Majority of the study subjects were in the age group of 20-29 years i.e. 29.5%. In this study most common consistency of thyroid swelling was found to be soft in 61 patients, firm in 22 and hard in 19. Lymph nodes were present in 13 patients (12.75%). 95.1% (97) of patients were euthyroid, four were hypothyroid and one was hyperthyroid. most common FNAC finding was colloid nodule in 61.8% of the cases followed by adenoma in 12.8% of the cases. Most common clinical diagnosis was solitary nodular goitre in 49% of the cases followed by multinodular goitre in 24.5% of the cases. Most common type of surgery performed was Hemithyroidectomy in 50.9% of the cases Most common complication was bleeding which occurred in only three cases.

FNAC is a very useful and indispensable test in the diagnosis of thyroid lesions.
Assessment of functional and radiological outcomes of closed reduction and K-wire fixation of supracondylar fracture of humerus in children
Authors: N Ranganath , Choudhary Deelipkumar , Mayi Shivanand C
Published: April 2023

: Supracondylar fractures of the humerus are commonly seen in children and are difficult to manage because of their unstable nature. It is difficult to maintain the reduction with splints. Non-operative treatment is associated with malunion and open reduction is more invasive procedure. Closed reduction of the fracture with percutaneous K-wire fixation is the preferred procedure with satisfactory results.

: Children who came to the tertiary care hospital with a fracture in the supracondylar region following history of trauma to the elbow region and X-ray showing Gartland Type II and extension Type III fractures were included in this study. All these fractures were managed with closed reduction and fixation with K-wires inserted by percutaneous technique. Functional outcome and radiological union were noted.

: A total of 35 children were operated. About half of the study population were in the range of 6 to 8 years. Majority of study subjects were boys. The average time period between sustaining a fracture and surgical procedure was 1.35 ± 0.48 days. The final results of this treatment modality were graded based on Flynn’s criteria and about 94.28% of study subjects had excellent to good outcomes. One child had complication of superficial pin tract infection.

: Displaced supracondylar fractures of humerus can be effectively managed with closed reduction and percutaneous criss-cross K-wire fixation. This procedure does not disturb the normal fracture healing process.
Perception and preference of health care providers regarding protective role of immunity boosters against Covid -19
Authors: Dashputra Amruta Vishwas , Jaydeep Nayse , R Siddique , Date Amit , Shadama Quazi
Published: April 2023

Covid -19 caused by a virus to which the people with low immunity response are being affected. Immune boosters play a vital role in protecting human being from various infective organism. The immune boosters include vitamins, minerals, antioxidants, probiotics etc. Indian Government gave emphasis on improving immunity in March 2020. At That time many people started using immunity booster agents.

: To study perception and preference of medical teachers about immunity booster agents against Covid -19.

A questionnaire based cross sectional study was conducted among medical teachers. Questionnaire was framed in Google form and circulated in social media.

Data was noted from excel sheet derived through google form and results were calculated in frequency and percentage, mean &SD.

78% participants were aware about immune boosting agents in initial period of Covid and highest used immune booster agent was Kadha (98%). Participant opined that source of information during this Covid period were Government & WHO guidelines (15%), TV/ newspaper (50%) and social media (41%). Most preferred and convenient to take immunity booster agent was fruits (67%).

Reason for high search and use of immunity boosters is that in initial stage of Covid- 19 pandemic, there was theat to life especially in first and second wave of Covid. Along with immune boosters, diet, sleep, exercise and stress reduction are some of the most recommended measures.

In present study highest used immune booster agent was Kadha. Allopathic, Ayurvedic and Homeopathic medicine were used as immunity booster agent.