bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A MORPHOLOGICAL STUDY ON THE EFFECTS OF COLLAGEN GEL MATRIX ON REGENERATION OF SEVERED RAT SCIATIC NERVE IN SILICONE TUBES
Authors: Satou Takao , Nishida Shozo , Hiruma Shingo , Tanji Kurenai , Takahashi Manabu , Fujita Shuichiro , Mizuhara Yasuharu , Akai Fumiharu , Hashimoto Shigeo
Published: December 2008

The present study is a chronological morphological examination on the effects of collagen gel matrix on regeneration of severed sciatic nerves. The nerves (5 mm length) were resected, and both the distal and proximal stumps were inserted into a silicone tube with 5 mm gap in between. In the test side, the gap in the tube was then injected with liquid collagen which gells in the tissue when reconstructed with a certain buffer solution. The gap space in the tube of the control side was left empty. In a chronological examination of the tissue in the tube, considerably more rapid growth of sprouting axons toward the distal stump in the test side was revealed in comparison with the control side. The cells, including both fibroblasts and larger Schwann cells, were less in number. More orderly directions were observed in the collagen matrix than in the control tube. The result indicates that regeneration of the peripheral nerves in the silicone tube can be improved, by using appropriate exogenous fine materials, collagen matrix.
PANCREATIC CARCINOMA IN CHILDHOOD
Authors: Imai Shunsuke , Kiyozuka Yasuhiko , Tsubura Yoshihiko , Yamamoto Hiroaki , Morohoshi Toshio , Fujimoto Masao , Tsujii Tadashi
Published: December 2008

A case of pancreatic carcinoma in a 14‐year‐old Japanese boy is reported. He complained of general fatigue, anorexia, abdominal distension, and abdominal mass. At autopsy, a whitish tumor was found from the head to the body of the pancreas. Metastasis was found in the liver, lungs, gall bladder, and various lymph nodes such as stomach, hilus, and periaorta. The tumor was histologically determined to be moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma (cribriform type) of duct cell origin. However, the tumors showed PAS‐positive diastase‐resistant mucus in the cytoplasm. Histocytology showed the positivity for α1‐antitrypsin, secretory component (sc), and CEA, but no S‐amylase was detected in the cytoplasm. Electron microscopy revealed zymogen‐like granules in the cytoplasm suggesting acinar differentiation.
A HIGH‐GRADE MALIGNANCY BRONCHIAL MUCOEPIDERMOID CARCINOMA WITH FEATURES OF GIANT CELL CARCINOMA
Authors: Matsuo Kenji , Irie Junji , Tsuchiyama Hideo , Nakano Masamoto , Nakata Takehiro
Published: December 2008

A high‐grade mucoepidermoid carcinoma associated with giant cell carcinoma of the bronchus was found in a 41‐year‐old man. Light and electron microscopic examinations showed glandular and squamous elements. The histology of the giant cell carcinoma was similar to those of previously reported giant cell carcinomas. It was assumed that the giant cell carcinoma in the present case is the result of transformation of mucoepidermoid carcinoma originating in the bronchial gland.
ENDOLYMPHATIC STROMAL MYOSIS OF THE UTERUS WITH METASTASIS TO OVARY AND RECURRENCE IN VAGINA
Authors: Yu Ten Jun , Iwasaki Isao , Horie Hiroshi , Tamaru Junichi , Takahashi Atsushi
Published: December 2008

A 24‐year‐old woman underwent a supracervical hysterectomy with findings of an endolymphatic stromal myosis (ESM) with vascular invasion as a submucosal tumor of the uterine fundus. Four years later, metastasis of ESM in the right ovary was found after salpingo‐oophoréctomy. Parametrial masses and a tumor infiltrated cervical stump revealed the same structure of ESM after operation. Though subtotal excision of the pelvic and vaginal recurrences nine years after the first operation for ESM and in spite of oral administration of danazol and duphaston (hydrogesterone), a recurrent vaginal tumor developed after the fourth operation and local application of chemotherapy with 5‐fluorouracil was given. At present, the patient's condition is stable without distant metastasis.
PSEUDOMEMBRANOUS COLITIS IN A PATIENT OF PARAQUAT INTOXICATION
Authors: Imamura Takahisa , Tsuruta Junji , Kambara Takeshi , Maki Shôjirô
Published: December 2008

A 49 year‐old man drank paraquat 7–8 fold of human fatal dose, and died of severe respiratory failure in 24 days in spite of intensive therapy. The autopsy revealed diffuse pulmonary fibrosis caused by prolonged intoxication of paraquat An intersting finding was many raised plaques from 1 mm to 10 mm in diameter, observed in whole colon. Histologically, these plaques were composed of necrotic mucosa (“pseudomembrane”), disrupted crypts and edematous submucosa with fibrin eduction, intervening in normal colon tissue with sharp margins, and diagnosed as non‐antibiotic‐induced pseudomembranous colitis. Since the edematous submucosa of the raised plaque had a stratified fibrin eduction around a dilated capillary, it was speculated that the vessel injury by paraquat might play a role in the pathogenesis of pseudomembranous colitis.
INFANTILE DIGITAL FIBROMATOSIS
Authors: Mukai Makio , Torikata Chikao , Ibi Hisami , Hata Junichi , Naito Makoto , Shimoda Tadakazu , Kageyama Keizo
Published: December 2008

Three cases of infantile digital fibromatosis were studied by electron microscopy and immunohistochemistry. The tumor was made up equally of myofibroblasts containing long narrow bundles of microfilaments with dense bodies. Another striking feature was the intracytoplasmic electron‐dense inclusion. The inclusions were constituted of packed fibrils similar to those of the long bundles. At the periphery of these inclusions were seen prominent felt‐like filamentous structures; the diameter varied from 5–12nm. The 10 nm filaments were seen most abundantly in the cytoplasm surrounding the inclusions, but sometimes they were also found within the inclusions themselves, mainly at their periphery. These findings suggest that the inclusions may represent an abnormal accumulation of cytoskeletal proteins. On the other hand, various kinds of Immunohistochemical study showed that actin, actomyosin, myosin, and vimentin were distinctly observed in cytoplasms of tumor cells. They were located fringing the intracytoplasmic inclusions, but the inclusion themselves showed negative findings, thus indicating a hollow‐like staining pattern. These data can be synthesized as follows. The inclusion results from an accumulation of cytoskeletal proteins (actin‐myosin complex and vimentin, at least), and antigeniclty seems to be lost by for a certain mechanism or in the degenerative process.
LYMPHOMATOID GRANULOMATOSIS‐LIKE LESIONS IN MALIGNANT LYMPHOMA
Authors: Nonomura Akitaka , Ohta Goroku
Published: December 2008

Eighty five cases of malignant lymphoma were surveyed for the presence of angioinfiltrative and angiodestructive growth pattern of lymphold cells with areas of necrosis and granulomatous appearance simulating lymphomatoid granulomatosis (LYG). LYG‐like changes were observed in 13 of 85 cases (15%). The most frequent histology was diffuse large cell lymphoma which occurred in 8 cases (4 non‐cleaved, 3 cleaved, and one immunoblastic), followed by three diffuse pleomorphic lymphoma, one diffuse medium‐sized lymphoma, and one Hodgkin's disease of mixed cellularity. The most frequent involving site was the lung, as well as the soft tissue. Composition of lymphoid infiltrate varied markedly from case to case and from area to area in the same case. One was solely composed of monotonous atypical cells, other pleomorphic cells including benign lymphocytes, plasma cells, leukocytes, and histiocytes with a varied number of atypical reticuloendothelial cells. The latter histologic appearance was just similar to LYG. Veins were more frequently affected than arteries. The present study indicates that, although the angioinflltrative and angiodestructive growth pattern of atypical lymphoreticular cells with granulomatous appearance is considered necessary for the diagnosis of LYG, it often occurs in malignant lymphoma. Therefore, one should consider the possibility of malignant lymphoma before making the diagnosis of LYG, especially in the specimens taken from the lung and soft tissue.
MORPHOGENESIS OF SEPTA IN HEPATIC FIBROSIS INDUCED BY CHOLINE DEFICIENCY IN RATS
Authors: Nakano Masayuki
Published: December 2008

Examination of hepatic fibrosis Induced by choline deficient diet showed the histogenesis of early flbrosis and septa formation. Male rats were fed a choline deficient diet. Groups of three were sacrificed after 1, 2, 3, 6, 8, 12, and 13 weeks. Control groups of three rats were sacrificed after 6, 8, and 12 weeks. All choline deficient rats showed initial steatosis around the portal tracts. The fat droplets were small at first and gave a microvesicular appearance. As they grew, they gathered around the terminal hepatic venule by the 3rd week. Then, retlcular fibers developed around the hepatocytes in the centrolobular area and fibroses connected the terminal hepatic venules. The fat droplets became larger and made nodular masses around the portal tract. These compressed the fibroses to the periphery where they formed septa. After 12 weeks, regenerating nodules developed. Electron microscopy showed that fat storing cells helped cause pericellular fibrosis.
CYTOPLASMIC HYALINS RESEMBLING MALLORY'S ALCOHOLIC HYALINS IN PULMONARY CARCINOMA CELLS
Authors: Nonomura Akitaka , Saito Katsuhiko , Kono Naoko , Ohta Goroku
Published: December 2008

Two cases with Mallory body (MB)‐like cytoplasmic hyalins in cells, which were quite uncommon as MB‐having cells, were presented. The cases were 61‐and 59‐year‐old males. MB‐like hyalins were found in large cell carcinoma cells of giant cell type of the lung. The cells containing MB‐like hyalins frequently showed a hydropic swelling of the cytoplasm with pyknotic, or wrinkled nuclei. Histochemical properties of the hyalins were just similar to those of hepatic MBs in alcoholic liver diseases. Electronmicroscopically, the hyalins were composed of granular, or homogeneous electron dense materials with the peripheral meshwork of randomly oriented fibrils” measuring about 100A in diameter. These were stained with anticytokeratin antibodies, suggesting the relateness of the hyalins to intermediate‐sized filaments of the cytokeratin type.
IDIOPATHIC RIGHT VENTRICULAR DILATION
Authors: Kawamura Osamu , Ohaki Yoshiharu , Nakatani Yukio , Misugi Kazuaki , Yoshimura Hiroshi , Kobayashi Hideo , Haraguchi Sumio , Niimura Ichiro
Published: December 2008

Two autopsy cases which showed marked depletion of the right ventricular musculature of the heart accompanied with marked infiltration of the adipose tissue were reported. The first cases was an 18‐year‐old female who died of right sided congestive heart failure after about 4‐years clinical course. The autopsy disclosed marked dilation of the right atrium and ventricle. The entire free wall of the right ventricle was markedly thin. Microscopically, most of the myocardial fibers of the right ventricle were replaced by fat and fibrous tissue. The second case, a 15‐year‐old boy, whose identical twin was previously diagnosed as arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia designated by Fontaineet al., died suddenly during exercise. He showed no cardiac symptoms but electrocardiogram was abnormal. Autopsy revealed majority of the myocardial fibers of the right ventricular free wall were replaced by fatty tissue. In both cases, fatty infiltration was mainly noticed at the epicardial side and some myocardial fibers remained in the fatty tissue showed hypertrophic and/or degenerative changes. Review of the literature on similar cases showing depletion of the right ventricular musculature including so‐called adult's Uhl anomaly, ARVD and dilated right ventricular myocardiopathy was conducted and the relationship of the present cases with these lesions was discussed.
CEREBRO‐HEPATO‐RENAL SYNDROME OF ZELLWEGER
Authors: Nakamura Kyoji , Takenouchi Toshinao , Aizawa Miki , Arashima Shinichiro , Kawaguchi Masao , Koshi Kazuko , Nagano Shougo , Sagezima Shunichi
Published: December 2008

An autopsy case of cerebro‐hepato‐renal syndrome of Zellweger, which occurred in a 14‐year‐old Japanese girl, is reported. The autopsy revealed widely distributed cystic changes in addition to renal blastema of both kidneys, and the liver was cirrhotic. The case was complicated by anomalies such as high forehead, strabismus, and partial defect of chorioidea. So far there have been only 10 reported cases of cerebro‐hepato‐renal syndrome of Zellweger in Japan.
MALIGNANT CLEAR CELL CYSTADENOMA OF THE OVARY
Authors: Iwasaki Isao , Yu Ten Jun , Horie Hiroshi , Asanuma Katsumi
Published: December 2008

A 50‐year‐old female had suffered from abdominal distension and a lower abdominal mass for 3 months. Ultrasonographic examination demonstrated a myoma uteri pattern with a large cystic ovarian tumor. Laparotomy was done on August 30, 1983 and simple total hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo‐oophorectomy was carried out FIGO stage IIC ovarian cancer was stated clinically. Histologically, clear cell cystadenoma of right ovary having benign, prollferative and malignant epithelial elements without dense ovarian stroma was found and diagnosed as malignant clear cell cystadenoma. In spite of Cisplatin therapy, the patient expired on April 6, 1984.
IMMUNOBLASTIC LYMPHADENOPATHY‐LIKE T‐CELL LYMPHOMA WITH MULTIPLE CUTANEOUS AND VISCERAL INVOLVEMENTS
Authors: Nakamine Hirokazu , Nishino Eisei , Takenaka Toru , Maeda Jiro , Kushigami Motohiko , Ikeda Akihiko , Nishioka Shingo , Yataka Isao , Hanaoka Masao
Published: December 2008

Morphologic and immunological findings found in a patient with immunoblastic lymphadenopathy (IBL)‐like T‐cell lymphoma (IBL‐T) are presented. Though the initial clinical features were suggestive of IBL, multiple cutaneous and visceral tumors appeared later in his course. The cutaneous lesion is considered to be unique, because the neoplastic T cells with suppressor/cytotoxic (S/C) phenotype showed focal epidermotropism, resulting in necrosis and ulceration of the overlying epidermis. An interesting feature in IBL‐T is the frequent association of polyclonal hypergammaglobulinemia, yet the neoplastic T cells show S/C phenotype. Since la‐like antigen was expressed on the neoplastic T cells, it is stressed that antigen‐presenting and contrasuppressor cells should also be included in the cell populations which have a possibility to be a normal counterpart of IBL‐T.
INTRAHEPATIC BILE DUCT INJURY FOLLOWING BONE MARROW TRANSPLANTATION: Analysis of Pathological Features Based on Three‐dimensional and Histochemical Observation
Authors: Tanaka Mitsugu , Umihara Junko , Chiba Satoshi , Ishikawa Eisei
Published: December 2008

A specific bile duct injury is frequently observed in the liver following bone marrow transplantation. The materials used for study consisted of liver specimens obtained from 7 autopsy cases and 2 biopsies. The pathological lesions were analyzed by reconstruction of serial sections and by immunohistochemical examination. Injury following bone marrow transplantation occurred most frequently in bile ducts right after the canalicular‐ductular junction to ducts having an outer diameter of 50–60 μ, being especially prominent in those less than 30 μ in diameter. They preserved their continuity and there was neither complete destruction nor loss of bile ducts as seen in primary biliary cirrhosis. Immunohistochemical examination showed predominancy of suppressor T lymphocytes around ducts and they were frequently found adjacent to epithelial cells of bile ducts. C3 components and HLA‐DR antigens were confirmed to be localized in ductular epithelia in the area where injury took place. Although their localization and site of injury did not necessarily coincide, the participation of an immunologic mechanism against injury cannot be denied. Evidence of a relation between ductular injury and cytomegalovirus infection could not be obtained.
EFFECT OF IMMUNOGLOBULIN DEPOSITION ON THE AMOUNT OF GLOMERULAR SIALIC ACIDS IN PATIENTS WITH MEMBRANOUS NEPHROPATHY
Authors: Yagame Mitsunori , Tomino Yasuhiko , Miura Masahiko , Suga Takao , Watanabe Seiichi , Nomoto Yasuo , Sakai Hideto
Published: December 2008

A study of double immunofluorescence staining of immunoglobulins and sialic acids in the glomeruli from patients with membranous nephropathy was described. Renal biopsy specimens from patients with membranous nephropathy were stained with rhodamine‐labeled limulus polyphemus (LPA) and tricum vulgaris (WGA). The binding of LPA or WGA was hardly observed in the glomerular capillary walls from patients with membranous nephropathy although the deposition of immunoglobulin was marked. Both binding of LPA and deposition of IgG in the glomerular capillary walls were observed in only one out of nine patients with membranous nephropathy (11%). In that case, binding of LPA was observed in the inside of glomerular capillary walls although the deposition of IgG was observed on the outside of the walls. It was suggested that decrease of sialic acids in the glomerular capillary walls might be due to deposition of IgG in some patients with membranous nephropathy.
VASCULAR CONNECTIVE TISSUE CHANGES IN EXPERIMENTAL PORTACAVAL ANASTOMOSIS
Authors: Takiya Christina , Louis Dominique , Clement Gérald , Grimaud Jean‐Alexis
Published: December 2008

Hepatic vascular changes are generally associated to fibrotic lesions of the liver but their role in the development and extension of fibrosis is not well known. By performing a portacaval anastomosis in rats, a proliferation of hepatic vessels was attained progressively, comparable to proliferations seen in cirrhosis and schistosomiasis. Such a modification of the hepatic vasculature was accompanied by changes in the connective matrix of the liver, mainly related to the vascular walls. Moreover, sinusoidal capillarization was detected at the electron microscopical level whereas no alterations could be seen neither in the distribution nor in the quality of the connective matrix proteins with Immunofluorescence technique. The only modification detected by light microscopy, at this zone, was the shrinked aspect of reticulin fibers which could be related to the important liver atrophy provoked by the anastomosis. It can be assumed that in liver pathology, selective changes occur in the connective matrix components depending on the type of injury. Necrotic and inflammatory processes lead mainly to the deposition of interstitial collagens and associated proteins, related to a diffuse stroma reaction resultant from activation of specific cell populations whereas in portacaval anastomosis, a selective increase of vascular connective matrix (mainly basement membrane components) occurs as a direct consequence of vessel proliferation.
HETEROTRANSPLANTATION OF OVARIAN SEROUS ADENOCARCINOMA WITH FUNCTIONING STROMA TO NUDE MICE: Disappearance of Functioning Stroma in Transplanted Tumor
Authors: Kataoka Akio
Published: December 2008

Serous adenocarcinoma of the ovary with estrogen and alpha‐fetoprotein (AFP) production was serially heterotransplanted into nude mice. The original tumor presented marked luteinization of stromal cells with elevated urine levels of estrogen before the operation. Estrogen levels reduced to the normal level shortly after the operation. Histologic features of the original tumor were basically retaind in the transplanted tumor, but no luteinization of stromal cells was observed and serum estrogen levels in nude mice were elevated. Immunohlstochemically, AFP was found to be positive in some tumor cells of transplanted tumor, but serum AFP levels were not elevated.
ULTRASTRUCTURAL LOCALIZATION OF THOROTRAST (THORIUM DIOXIDE) IN HUMAN LIVER BY ANALYTICAL SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPE
Authors: Irie Hiroshi , Mori Wataru , Mori Takesaburo , Ohami Hiroshi , Saito Tsukasa , Suzuki Kanoh
Published: December 2008

The distribution of thorium dioxide (Thorotrast) in the liver from a Thorotrast‐administered autopsy case was examined stereographically by analytical scanning electron microscopy. Thorium particles were detected in the macrophages of the portal triad and hepatic sinusoid. These macrophages were irregularly shaped and tended to be aggregated. In the sinusoid, accumulation of the macrophages formed a thrombus‐like structure. Furthermore, observed in the sinusoid were free Thorotrast particles that appeared to have been released into the sinusoid as a result of breakdown of the macrophages (Kupffer cells).
SOLID AND CYSTIC ACINAR CELL TUMORS OF THE PANCREAS: A Report of Two Cases with Immunohistochemical and Ultrastructural Studies
Authors: Arai Tomio , Kino Isamu , Nakamuba Shin‐ichi , Koda Kenji
Published: December 2008

Two pancreatic tumors were found in young women without detectable functional symptoms. These tumors were identical in gross, histological and electron microscopic features. Each of them formed a large abdominal mass. One of them was found because of this abdominal mass, while the other was found incidentally. Grossly, the tumors were well circumscribed by a firm, white, fibrous capsule, and their cut‐surfaces showed mainly cystic degenerative changes with necrotic and hemorrhagic material, with only some solid portions. The solid portions were composed of uniform cells forming solid and papillary structures with numerous PAS‐positive diastase‐resistant granules. Immunohistochemical staining for alpha 1‐antitrypsin showed a granular distribution. Electron microscopic examination showed that the tumor cells had numerous mitochondria, zymogen‐like granules, and annulate lamellae. These findings strongly suggested acinar cell differentiation, although ductal and endocrine differentiation have also been observed by others. Therefore, this type of tumor can best be termed an acinar cell tumor. There was no recurrence in either patient after the operation. Long survival can be expected, but reports indicate that this neoplasm should be recognized as a lesion of low malignancy.
MALIGNANT FIBROUS HISTIOCYTOMA SHOWING CYTOPLASMIC HYALINE GLOBULES AND STROMAL OSTEOIDS: A Case Report with Light and Electron Microscopic, Histochemical, and Immunohistochemical Study
Authors: Ohmori Takaaki , Arita Norimasa , Sano Akemi , Ueaga Naomi , Tabei Ryo , Sato Motomichi , Sakai Ken , Watanabe Yuji
Published: December 2008

A 56‐year‐old man died of widespread metastases of malignant fibrous histiocytoma (MFH) primarily developed in the left lower gingiva after a rapid clinical course is reported. Primary and metastatic tumors showed light and electron microscopic, histochemical and immunohistochemical characteristics of MFH together with cytoplasmic hyaline globules and stromal osteoids. Hyaline globules revealed periodic acid‐Schiff positive and diastase resistant reactions but not positive with any histochemical and immunohistochemical reactions. Osteoids were partially calcified and rimmed by osteoblastic tumor cells. The present case of MFH may provide difficulties in the differential diagnosis from some osteoid‐forming sarcomas in soft tissues with relation to the histogenesis.
SIRENOID MONOPODIA WITH DEFECTS OF RIGHT ABDOMINAL WALL AND LOWER LIMB ASSOCIATED WITH CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY
Authors: Ueda Norifumi , Arahi Eisen , Nagasaka Miharu , Masuko Kazuhisa , Mimura Osamu , Sugiyama Taketoshi , Mochizuki Masahito
Published: December 2008

We have experienced a case of sirenoid monopodia with extreme deformity, which was studied pathoanatomically and genetically. The pathoanatomical studies revealed complicated deformities such as absence of the right abdominal wall, sacrum, right side of the os coxae and lower extremity, etc., and a chromosome study revealed 46XX, t (1 p−, Xq+), ‐8, +M. Various authors have discussed the genetic factors or anomaly of vascular development and concluded that all cases except for a few familial types would appear to be sporadic. In the present paper we report on an extreme type of sirenoid monopodia with right lower limb defect associated with chromosome abnormality. It is supposed that impoverished blood supply to the right lower portion of the body may have been the cause of this case, but the involvement of genetic factors is still unknown.
AN AUTOPSY STUDY OF LUNG CANCER IN UNIVERSITY OF TOKYO FOR THE LAST 27 YEARS, FROM 1958 TO 1984, WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO THE CHARACTERISTICS OF LUNG CANCER IN JAPAN
Authors: Morita Toyohiko , Yamaguchi Kazuyoshi , Shimamine Tetsuro , Mori Wataru , Urano Yoshinori
Published: December 2008

Four hundred and sixty‐five male and 159 female consecutive autopsy cases of lung cancer, autopsied over the 27 years from 1958 to 1984, were analysed and were compared with other materials and mortality statistics, including statistics from other countries. Malignant tumor autopsy cases are gradually increasing and now comprise more than 60% of total autopsy cases. The percentage of lung cancer cases among all autopsy cases was 7% in males and 4% in females. The percentage of lung cancer in autopsies of patients with malignancies was about 13% for males and 9% for females. The most frequent fatal malignant tumors were gastric cancer, lung cancer, and leukemia. The relative incidence of gastric cancer was decreasing, while that of lung cancer was increasing. In the distribution of the histological types of lung cancer, adenocarcinomas were the most frequent types in both sexes. As has been noted in mortality statistics, we noticed a gradual shift in the peak age of lung cancer autopsy cases towards older patients. During the period under study, the peak shifted from patients in their sixties to patient in their seventies; this was true for most of the major histological types in both sexes. The male/ female ratio of all lung cancer cases was 2.9, which was much lower than the ratio found in the United States and Europe, and very similar to the ratio of the mortality rates in Japan and other Asian countries. It was pointed out that the male/female ratios by age‐group in each country is a very good reflection of the histological distribution.
A COMPARATIVE MICROPHOTOMETRIC ANALYSIS OF ADULT T‐CELL LEUKEMIA/LYMPHOMA (ATLL) IN THE SKIN and MYCOSIS FUNGOIDES (MF)
Authors: Hasui Kazuhisa , Sato Eiichi , Tokudome Takahiro , Tokunaga Masayoshi , Setoyama Mitsuru , Tashiro Masaaki
Published: December 2008

In the skin lesions of 16 adult T‐cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL) and 13 mycosis fungoides (MF), morphological features of cutaneous infiltrates and their cell kinetics were evaluated through microphotometry of nuclear DNA content and nuclear size on Feulgen‐stained sections. Lymphomas comprising some giant cells with irregular‐shaped nuclei were found only in ATLL and these cells revealed aneuploid high DNA values. In contrast, neoplastic cells with pale cytoplasm in the Giemsa stain were seen more frequently in MF (69.5%) than in ATLL (12.5%). Patterns of the cutaneous infiltration according to skin microenvironments such as perivascular areas, dermal papillae, and periadnexal areas, were similar in the both entities. In the perivascular areas a mixed proliferation of lymphoma cells and non‐neoplastic lymphocytes was conspicuous. The lymphoma cells were determined by high DNA values and large nuclear sizes. But the ratio of lymphoma cells to non‐neoplastic cells in the infiltrates in the perivascular areas was higher in ATLL than in MF. In the dermal papillae and around the skin appendages, lymphoma cells predominated. Lymphoma cells which formed a plaque or tumor in the dermis contained many actively proliferating cells having higher DNA values and larger nuclear sizes than the lymphoma cells without tumor formation. One case of ATLL intermediate cell type showed, however, few proliferating cells inspite of tumor formation, suggesting a pooling or a long life‐span in the skin.
DIISOPROPANOLNITROSAMINE (DIPN) INDUCED RAT THYROID LESIONS
Authors: Kawaoi Akira , Moriyama Shinichi
Published: December 2008

The functional aspects of DIPN induced rat thyroid lesions classified as in our previous studies were analyzed by immunohistochemical detection of Tg, T4, and T, in serial or semi‐serial paraffin sections. The type 1 lesions, i.e., foci of cellular alteration of individual follicles, showed the same pattern of im‐munostaining as seen in the surrounding hyperplastic follicles and in normal controls. On the other hand, the type 3 lesions, i.e., carcinomas, were mostly negative for T4 and T3 with only partial staining for Tg. The type 2 lesions, i.e. proliferative nodules, which might include a state of nodular hyperplasia as well as benign neoplastic nodules, demonstrated intermediate stainability between the type 1 and type 3 lesions. These results suggest that the histological structures of focal lesions of the thyroid gland may be closely related to their functional activities. Also, the importance of follicular structure formation in thyroid hormone synthesis was demonstrated in each type of focal lesion.
AUTOPSY FINDINGS IN TWO PATIENTS WITH HOMOZYGOUS FAMILIAL HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA Special References to Apolipoprotein B Localization and Internalization Defect of Low Density Lipoprotein
Authors: Yutani Chikao , Go Soei , Imakita Masami , Ishibashi‐Ueda Hatsue , Hatanaka Kaoru , Yamamoto Akira
Published: December 2008

We have experienced two autopsy cases of familial hypercholesterolemia of type I la homozygote, one was a 21‐year‐old female with a defect in the internalization of low density lipoprotein which is thought to be the first autopsy report in the world, and the other was a 31‐year‐old male with a receptor negative for low density lipoprotein. Autopsy findings, in addition to marked skin xanthomatosis, disclosed reversed distribution of the aortic atherosclerosis, diffuse atherosclerotic narrowing of coronary arteries which led to myocardial necrosis, xanthomatous aortic and mitral valve, and much less severity of cerebral arteries rather than that of aorto‐coronary atherosclerosis. We have examined the apolipoprotein B accumulation on these aortas, coronary arteries, and cardiac valves, which showed better correlation between apolipoprotein B deposit areas and preferential accumulation of Alcian blue positive areas suggested to contain sulfate glycosaminoglycan, and documented very rare localization of renal and osseous xanthomas in a patient with internalization defect of low density lipoprotein.
BRUSHITE IN FIBROUS DYSPLASIA OF THE JAW BONE
Authors: Yamamoto Hirotsugu , Sakae Toshiro
Published: December 2008

Crystals associated with the maxillary bone in a case of fibrous dysplasia were investigated histopathologically, crystallo‐graphically and by infrared absorption spectroscopy. Light microscopically, the crystals showed a transparent and plate‐like appearance, and were revealed to be piled, incomplete monoclinic structures up to 250μm in size by scanning electron microscopy. These crystals were identified as brushite, dicalcium phosphate dihydrate CaHP04 2H20, by X‐ray microdiffraction and infrared absorption spectroscopic analysis. From consideration of the equilibrium of brushite, it was assumed in this case that inflammation had occurred initially and that the tissue fluid conditions at the site of the lesion had deviated from normal, eventually resulting in the deposition of brushite crystals on the bone apatite. From a crystallographic view point, the mode of occurrence of brushite suggested that the bone at the lesion site would not recover through normal healing. ACTA PATHOL. JPN. 37: 1699‐1705, 1987.
EARLY ULTRASTRUCTURAL CHANGES IN THE BILIARY EPITHELIAL CELLS OF BALB/C AND DDY MICE IMMUNIZED WITH SWINE SERUM
Authors: Itagaki Shin‐ichi , Honjo Kazuhito , Dor Kunio , Mitsuoka Tomotari
Published: December 2008

Electron microscopic observations were carried out on the biliary epithelial cells of BALB/c and DDY mice which had received an intraperitioneal injection of 0.2 ml of swine serum twice a week for 2 or 4 weeks. The most characteristic feature of the biliary epithelial cells of BALB/c mice was a marked increase in the number of vesicles having a close spatial relationship with the well‐developed Golgi apparatus or rough endoplasmic reticulum (rER). In contrast, marked dilation of rER filled with moderately electron‐dense material was conspicuous in the biliary epithelial cells of DDY mice. A prominent increase in the number of blebs and lateral and basal cytoplasmic protrusions in the dilated intercellular space of the biliary epithelium, and submucosal eosinophil infiltration, collagen fiber proliferation and gland hyperplasia with increased mucin secretion were common to both strains. This experimental model of bile duct disease also seems to be useful for investigating alteration of protein synthesis and secretion in epithelial cells.
PATHOLOGICAL STUDIES ON THREE CASES OF CANCER TREATED WITH POLYSACCHARIDES FROM HUMAN‐TYPE MYCOBACTERIUIM TUBERCULOSIS Antitumor Activity through Collagen Fiber Proliferation
Authors: Kimoto Tetsuo
Published: December 2008

Three cases of cancer treated with SSM (Special Substance, Maruyama: a polysaccharide extract from Mycobacterium tuberculosis) for a long period were studied pathologically following biopsies and autopsies. The most significant antitumor activity resulting from SSM treatment was found to be collagenation from stromal cells and the cancer cells themselves. Another significant finding was that collagenation was promoted by macrophages which had been stimulated non‐specifically. However, it was apparent that SSM‐A or B had to be used efficiently and quickly in order to prevent invasion or metastasis of cancer. Collagenation due to SSM treatment was more marked in metastatic cancer lesions in the liver than those in the lung. In a case of breast cancer reported in a previous investigation of SSM treatment, remarkable calcification was found in a metastatic cancer lesion which had become confined through collagenation, thus preventing cancer cell metastasis.

The collagenation of cancerous lesions through SSM treatment resembled the healing of caseous tuberculosis lesions through a similar mechanism.
A LIGHT AND SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPIC STUDY OF HEPATIC VENO‐OCCLUSIVE DISEASE
Authors: Shirai Mutsunori , Nagashima Kazuo , Iwasaki Shigeru , Mori Wataru
Published: December 2008

Hepatic veno‐occlusive disease, which was observed in a patient with hepatic coma, was examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and correlated with its histology. Postmortem examination disclosed microscopic occlusion of the centrilobular and sublobular veins in the liver. These veins were occluded, partially or completely, by intimal and medial thickening of their walls due to proliferation of collagen and reticulin fibers. In addition to venous obliteration, which had not been demonstrated by other techniques, frequent occlusion of the sinusoidal opening into the central veins was observed by SEM. The size and distribution of the openings were irregular in comparison with those in normal controls. There was no evidence of fibrin thrombus formation in the veins. This case exemplified the usefulness of the application of SEM to autopsy material.
NONSPECIFIC SIMPLE EOSINOPHILIC GRANULOMATOUS PROSTATITIS WITH EOSINOPHILIA IN PERIPHERAL BLOOD: A Case Report
Authors: Sugiura Hitoshi , Hayashi Morimoto , Shimamuba Masayoshi , Matsubaea Fujitsugu
Published: December 2008

Nonspecific simple eosinophilic granulomatous prostatitis is extremely rare and in the present paper, the first case showing eosinophilia in the peripheral blood is reported. The patient was a 55‐y‐ear‐old Japanese man who was admitted because of difficulty in urination over a period of several years. The laboratory findings revealed marked eosinophilia (36%) in the peripheral blood, but the patient's past history showed neither bronchial asthma nor any allergic tendency. Transurethral resection of the prostate was performed and the histopathologic findings revealed a picture of non‐caseating granulomatous prostatitis with massive eosinophilic infiltration without fibrinold necrosis or vasculitis. Fragments of the prostatic urethra also showed the same findings. No fungus, bacterium or parasite was found. Although remnants of smooth muscle fibers were noted in the granulomas, neither immunoglobulins nor complement components could be demonstrated, and the etiology remained undetermined.
PLAGENTAL‐SITE TROPHOBLASTIC TUMOR OF THE UTERUS: Clinicopathological and Immunohlstochemical Observations of a Case
Authors: Yamamoto Yohsuke , Otsuka Hisashi , Numoto Satoshi , Kinoshita Tsuneo , Doi Tadahiko
Published: December 2008

The clinicopathological features of a 28‐y‐ear‐old woman with placental‐site trophoblastic tumor (PSTT) are described. The patient presented with severe proteinuria and was found to have a cystic uterine tumor. The serum β‐human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) level was only slightly elevated. The tumor extended to the serosa without gross metastasis, and was resected. The specimen was composed of active intermediate trophoblasts (IT) and degenerative or inactive ITs. The former component had round to oval and vesicular nuclei, and abundant amphophilic or lightly eosinophilic cytoplasm. The latter component had irregular‐shaped pyknotic nuclei and deeply eosinophilic cytoplasm. However, the tumor lacked the bilaminar (cyto‐ and syncytio‐trophoblastic) structure that is a characteristic feature of choriocarcinoma. Immunohistochemical evaluation with human placental lactogen (hPL) and hCG antisera revealed that most of the tumor cells contained abundant hPL, whereas only a small number of cells contained hCG. This method seemed to be most helpful for the differential diagnosis of PSTT from other trophoblastic tumors or non‐trophoblastic uterine tumors, and also to be useful for determining the prognostic behavior of PSTT.
IMMUNOPATHOLOGICAL STUDY OF GLOMERULAR IgA DEPOSITION IN ddY MICE
Authors: Kawaguchi Shigeru
Published: December 2008

Serial renal biopsies were performed to observe in detail the age‐related glomerular IgA deposition in ddY mice. Moreover, lymphocytes from spleens and Peyer's patches (PP) were immunologically examined in the mice at 10 months of age. The incidence of IgA deposition in the glomeruli was 0% at 3 months, 33% at 7 months, 60% at 10 months and 100% at 13 months, but IgA deposits were less intense than IgG and IgM deposits. Serum levels of IgA and polyclonal IgA responses of PP cells were significantly higher in the mice with glomerular IgA deposits. However, neither the Lyt‐l+/Lyt‐2+ cell ratio nor the polyclonal IgA responses of spleen cells were related to IgA deposition. Therefore, gut‐associated lymphoreticular tissue (GALT) probably plays an important role in the pathogenesis of the high IgA response and glomerular IgA deposition observed in this strain. These results suggest that ddY mice would be valuable as a model of spontaneous glomerular IgA deposition, as well as being useful for studying the possible relationship between the mucosal immune system and glomerular IgA deposition. ACTA PATHOL JPN 38: 1 ‐10, 1988.
PHYLLODES TUMOR (CYSTOSARCOMA PHYLLODES) OF THE BREAST: A Clinicopathologic Study of 45 Cases
Authors: Inoshita Shun‐ichi
Published: December 2008

The correlation between the histology and biologic behavior of phyllodes tumor was studied in order to establish the histologic criteria of this tumor, particularly its malignant counterpart. A preliminary analysis of five tumors with metastases revealed that a single essential indicator of malignant potential was the presence of a disproportionate overgrowth of the stromal elements at the expense of the ductal element. The presence or absence of such stromal overgrowth in the tumor showed a positive correlation with the degree of stromal atypism and the rate of mitoses. Seventeen out of 45 tumors were determined to be malignant, on the basis of our criteria. The arrangement of the stromal component in malignant phyllodes tumors was usually one of the particular sarcomatous types, with or without the focal areas of one of the specified types of sarcoma. On the other hand, 24 tumors recurred locally but never metastasized, and were preferentially interpreted to be benign phyllodes tumor. Histologically, these tumors had a general architecture resembling that of fibroadenoma but were characterized by high cellularity expressed by the distinct formation of bundles or fascicles of stromal tumor cells. The remaining four tumors seemed to form a borderline phyllodes tumor subset. A follow‐up study revealed that, irrespective of the mode of therapy, the outcome of patients with phyllodes tumor was well correlated with the histologic criteria we proposed. ACTA PATHOL JPN 38: 21–33, 1988.
EXPRESSION OF VARIOUS ANTIGENS BY DIFFERENT COMPONENTS OF UTERINE MIXED MÜLLERIAN TUMORS: An Immunohistochemical Study
Authors: Chung Ming‐Teng , Mukai Kiyoshi , Teshima Shinichi , Kishi Kiyozo , Shimosato Yukio
Published: December 2008

An immunohistochemical study of keratin, epithelial membrane antigen (EMA), carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), vimentin, desmin, myoglobin and S‐100 protein in 15 cases of uterine mixed Müllerian tumor was performed in order to analyze the expression of various antigens in different elements of this tumor. In general, the epithelial and mesenchymal components were separated easily by the presence of keratin/EMA or vimentin, respectively. However, in eight cases vimentin was expressed by epithelial cells and in four cases keratin by solid “sarcomatous” element. EMA was also identified in the “sarcomatous” areas of two cases. Specific differentiation was much easier to identify by immunohistochemical staining than by routine histologic examination. Areas with muscle differentiation were positive for desmin; myoglobin was identified in rhabdomyoblasts. 5–100 protein was present in chondrosarcomatous and liposarcomatous areas. S‐100 protein was also widely distributed in other elements. Quite diverse expression of various antigens revealed by immunohistochemistry reflects the histologic multiplicity of this tumor.
IMMUNOHISTOCHEMICAL STUDIES ON B CELL LYMPHOMAS WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO T CELL INFILTRATION AND ITS SIGNIFICANCE AS A PROGNOSTIC FACTOR
Authors: Mikata Atsuo , Suzuki Hiroshi , Ohkawa Hiroyuki
Published: December 2008

Twenty‐eight cases of B cell lymphoma were studied immunohistochemically utilizing a panel of monoclonal antibodies. Of 27 cases tested, 26 were B‐1‐positive and 22 of 24 cases were HLA‐DR positive. There were eight BA‐1‐positive cases, including one follicular lymphoma, and 10 J‐5‐positive cases including five diffuse large cell lymphomas. Some of the J‐5‐positive diffuse large cell lymphomas were considered to be of follicular center cell origin. Infiltration and distribution of non‐neoplastic T cell subsets, BA‐1‐positive B cells, dendritic reticulum cells, Langerhans cells and HNK cells showed close similarity between the structure of follicular lymphomas and that of the reactive follicles. Such similarity to the normal counterpart structure was less apparent in diffuse lymphomas, especially in the large cell type. These findings were interpreted to be an expression of different degrees of neoplastic deviation. There was evidence to suggest that, regardless of the histological classification, a large number of infiltrating non‐neoplastic T cells was related to good prognosis. ACT A PATHOL JPN 38: 47–58, 1988.
ADENOFIBROMA OF THE RETE TESTIS: A Case Report with Electron Microscopy Findings
Authors: Murao Tsuyoshi , Tanahashi Toyoko
Published: December 2008

The light and electron microscopic characteristics of an adenofibroma of the rete testis in a 51‐year‐old man are described. The tumor was 5.5 cm in greatest diameter and situated in the anterior superior portion of the right testis. It was composed mainly of mesenchymal and secondary epithelial proliferation. Long slit‐like spaces and short tubules lined by a layer of epithelial cells were seen in the mesenchymal tissue. The epithelium was histochemically and ultrastructurally similar to that of the rete testis, and the tumor was considered to be of rete testis origin. ACTA PATHOL JPN 38: 105–112, 1988.
ORAL NERVE SHEATH MYXOMA: Report of a Case with Findings of Ultrastructural and Immunohistochemical Studies
Authors: Yamamoto Hirotsugu , Kawana Tomonori
Published: December 2008

The first Asian case of oral nerve sheath myxoma is presented, along with the findings of light and electron microscopy, and immunohistochernistry. Ultra‐structurally, intracytoplasmic microfilaments and convoluted basement membrane were identified in the tumor cells. Immunohistochemically, S‐100 protein and neuron‐specific enolase were positive in the tumor cells. These findings may indicate that the tumor is a lesion of Schwann‐cell origin. The literature on oral nerve sheath myxoma is also reviewed and discussed. ACTA PATHOL JPN 38: 121–127, 1988.
A NEW MONOCLONAL ANTIBODY, UFT‐4, REACTING WITH RAT KUPFFER CELLS: Immunohistochemical and Immunoelectron Microscopical Analysis with Reestimation of the Reticuloendothelial System
Authors: Ukai Katsuaki , Terashima Kazuo , Fujii Yoichi , Imai Yutaka
Published: December 2008

A new monoclonal antibody, designated UFT‐4, reacting with rat Kupffer cells, was produced using sinusoidal liver‐cell fraction as an immunogen. Immuno‐histochemically, UFT‐4 reacted with Kupffer cells, interdigitating cells (IDCs), sinus endothelial cells of the spleen, a proportion of reticulum cells, smooth muscle fibers, choroid plexus epithelia and some macrophages. Immunoelectron microscopy disclosed two types of intracytoplasmic positivity: a striated type and a diffuse type. Both appeared to depend on variations in the quantity and distribution of the same antigen. On the other hand, UFT‐4 gave a negative result for blood monocytes and most macrophages in lymphatic sinuses, lymphoid follicles, splenic red pulp and loose connective tissue. Cells positive for UFT‐4 were mostly considered to belong to a narrow spectrum of the classical reticuloendothelial system, explaining the close relationship existing between some endothelia and some macrophages or reticulum cells. SDS‐PAGE analysis of immunoprecipitates showed that the antigen reacting with UFT‐4 was of molecule of 36–42 kDa under reducing conditions in the presence of 2‐mercaptoethanol. The present results suggest that UFT‐4 will be very useful for the study of Kupffer cells and for reconsidering their origin and destination. ACTA PATHOL JPN 38: 1391–1403, 1988.
DEVELOPMENT OF SPINDLE‐SHAPED CELLS AND CHONDROID CELLS FROM ANDROGEN‐DEPENDENT SHIONOGI CARCINOMA 115: A Light and Electron Microscopic Study
Authors: Terada Nobuyuki , Yamamoto Reiko , Uchida Naomi , Mori Hiroshi , Takada Toyoko , Taniguchi Haruo , Tsuji Motomu , Kitamura Yukihiko , Matsumoto Keishi
Published: December 2008

Androgen‐dependent Shionogi carcinoma 115 (SC115) is an undifferentiated medullary carcinoma consisting of compact round cells. However, when host male DS mice were castrated 2 weeks after tumor transplantation, tumors composed of compact round cells, spindle‐shaped cells and chondroid cells grew 4 weeks after castration. Compact round cells with desmosomes were arranged in solid nests and exhibited immunoreactivity for keratin protein. Spindle‐shaped cells had prominent rough endoplasmic reticulum, and appeared to secrete collagen. Chondroid cells had the characteristics of chon‐drocytes. The light and electron microscopic features were highly suggestive of a transition from compact round cells to spindle‐shaped cells, and from spindle‐shaped cells to chondroid cells. The histology of this tumor thus suggests that SC115 cells are able to change into chondroid cells via spindle‐shaped cells. ACTA PATHOL JPN 38: 1405–1416, 1988.
SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA OF THE CERVIX WITH EXTENSIVE SUPERFICIAL SPREADING TO ALMOST WHOLE GENITAL TRACT AND ASSOCIATED WITH ENDOMETRIAL STROMAL SARCOMA
Authors: Motoyama Teiichi , Watanabe Hidenobu
Published: December 2008

A case of simultaneous squamous cell carcinomas of the uterine cervix, en‐dometrium, left fallopian tube, left ovary, vagina and vulva and a stromal sarcoma of the endometrium is reported. Histologic examination revealed that a squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix mechanically displaced almost whole genital tract in a superficial spreading pattern. The superficial spreading lesions showed fairly well arranged stratification for a carcinoma. ACTA PATHOL JPN 38: 1445–1452. 1988.