bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Lifestyle and Problems of HIV Sufferers in Surabaya: Phenomenological Study
Authors: Citra Darmawan Taufan , Mahayaty Lina , Nirmala Retty
Published: May 2023

People living with HIV AIDS (PLWHA) are someone who experiences physical, and psychosocial life threats, and social problems such as anxiety and depression. PLWHA are also very vulnerable to stigma which results in community discrimination. The complexity of the problems experienced by PLWHA requires special attention to be resolved immediately. The purpose of this research was to explore the lifestyle and problems of people living with HIV AIDS (PLWHA). This research uses a phenomenological study. The ethical test was obtained from STIKes William Booth. There are 5 informants selected based on the purposive sampling technique. The data was taken by means of an open-question questionnaire. Each respondent was given questions using the interview method and then recorded. There were 2 main topics that were asked, the first topic is the initial condition of being diagnosed with HIV and the secondary topic is the lifestyle and current problems. The results of the interviews found that the sample had suffered from HIV 5-8 years ago due to risky behavior. Diagnosed because he felt the symptoms of a disease that did not cure. Psychosocial complaints stem from internal feelings such as feelings of guilt, having no future, and fear of death. In addition, the problem of external stigma greatly threatens social relations activities with other people. Continuous social support is a basic need. Spending time alone and working became daily activities. HIV community groups are difficult to reach because of distance. Activities do not vary due to physical constraints such as the effects of medication and co-morbidities. Some have tried to exercise but are less successful. Need the right way to reduce the physical constraints felt by PLWHA, psychosocial support is needed to change the mindset of PLWHA. Sustainable programs that can reduce community stigmatization are the key to changing the quality of life of PLWHA.
INFLUENCE OF THE INTERNAL AUDIT FUNCTION TOWARDS ZAKAT PERFORMANCE
Authors: Shamsuddin Noraini , Bakar Nor Suhaily
Published: May 2023

Zakat institutions play an important role in Malaysian socioeconomics. The ability of zakat institutions to collect zakat has been undoubtedly proven by the increasing collection amounting to millions recorded every year. However, Zakat institutions are still largely being critiqued by society over its transparency and efficacy in zakat distributions. Thus, it seems very crucial for zakat institutions to maintain a gold standard of governance and good practice in order to overcome the issue of deteriorating public trust. One of the important components involved in achieving good governance of service, is through the provision of effective internal auditing. By taking into account four constructs for measuring the internal audit function which are organizational status, scope of work, top management support and competency, this research attempts to investigate the relationship between internal auditing and zakat performance. A quantitative method is used for this research. A set of questionnaires were developed and sent to the internal auditors (operation/quality auditors) of all zakat institutions in Malaysia. 94 questionnaires were returned from a total of eight zakat institutions. Results from the multiple regression analysis carried out concludes that organizational status and competency are a significant predictor for zakat performance. Organizational status seemed to be the strongest unique contributor towards zakat performance, followed by competency of internal auditors.
AN ANALYSIS OF PUBLIC PERCEPTION OF ISLAMIC BANKING IN THE GAMBIA
Authors: Conteh Seedy , Hassan Rusni
Published: May 2023

Modern Islamic finance has grown from a mere complement to conventional finance into a more viable and competitive form of financial intermediation in the world. It has received remarkable patronage from many Muslim majority countries since the advent in 1963. The Gambia is a Muslim majority West African nation where Islamic banking began in the country since 1997. However, the patronage of Islamic banking in the Gambia is quite insignificant compared to many Muslim countries. Hence, this paper seeks to analyze the perception of the Gambian public towards Islamic banking. A sample size of 459 respondents collected through questionnaire survey was used to collect the research data and the methodology adopted was quantitative with descriptive-cum-exploratory research design. SPSS version 25 and Microsoft Excel 2010 were used to analyze the data. Findings indicated that the perception of the Gambian public towards Islamic banking is generally positive and awareness about the existence of Islamic banking was high. However, knowledge about Islamic banking principles and understanding of Islamic banking products and operations were quite poor. Results also suggest that the Gambian public is willing to patronize Islamic banking, however, religion although important, but it is not the main patronage factor for Islamic banking in the Gambia. Results of Multiple Regression indicated that two of the independent variables namely, awareness and understanding of Islamic banking principles and products were not statistically significant in influencing public perception of Islamic banking while independent variables such as bank selection criteria and willingness to patronize were statistically significant.
ZAKAT AND BLOCKCHAIN: A REVIEW
Authors: Omar Najiha , Khairi Khairil Faizal
Published: May 2023

Zakat as means to help Muslims to increase their living standard and to sustain socio-economic justice. The efficiency in zakat management especially in zakat collection and zakat distribution is still lack due to low transparency and ineffectiveness distribution process. The evolving Fintech has become an important integrated practice, especially in financial transactions. Blockchain technology seems to increase the efficiency in zakat fund data collection which leads to enhance the effectiveness of zakat distribution. The purpose of this study is to identify the integration of Blockchain in zakat management to optimize zakat collection and zakat distribution. This study employed qualitative research, attempting to describe the contribution of Fintech in Zakat institutions. The synergy of Blockchain technology and zakat management contributes to higher transparency in the collection and distribution of zakat. However, there is a limitation on the integration of Blockchain technology in the zakat management which needs profound discussions in the future.
PENGURUSAN KUTIPAN DAN AGIHAN ZAKAT OLEH MAIPS KETIKA COVID-19 DI NEGERI PERLIS: SUATU SOROTAN KAJIAN
Authors: Asni Fathullah
Published: May 2023

Penularan wabak COVID-19 telah dua tahun menular di seluruh dunia. Penularan wabak ini telah menyebabkan Pertubuhan Kesihatan Dunia (WHO) mengisytiharkan COVID-19 sebagai pandemik kerana telah menjejaskan pelbagai sektor terutama terhadap sektor ekonomi, sosial, pendidikan dan kesihatan tanpa sempadan. Situasi ini turut menjejaskan institusi zakat apabila kadar kemiskinan dan pihak yang terjejas dengan masalah kesihatan semakin meningkat, maka ia sudah pasti membawa impak yang ketara terhadap kutipan zakat yang semakin berkurangan dan pengagihan zakat semakin meningkat. Justeru, kajian ini adalah untuk mengkaji pengurusan kutipan dan agihan zakat oleh Majlis Agama Islam & Adat Istiadat Melayu Perlis (MAIPs) semasa pandemik COVID-19 di negeri Perlis. Kajian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif di mana ia melibatkan kajian kepustakaan merangkumi buku, jurnal, akhbar, laman maya rasmi dan pekeliling yang berkaitan. Bahan-bahan yang diperolehi akan dianalisis menggunakan metode analisis dokumen. Berdasarkan kepada dapatan kajian, pihak MAIPs telah menjalankan beberapa inisiatif penting terutama dalam pengurusan kutipan dan agihan zakat dalam mendepani cabaran COVID-19. Antara inisiatif tersebut ialah menjalankan kempen zakat dan berkongsi maklumat zakat di media-media elektronik, memberi peruntukan kepada golongan yang terjejas dengan COVID-19 sama ada bantuan secara one off atau berkala mengikut situasi, berkerjasama dengan pelbagai pihak dan memudahkan birokrasi bantuan zakat. Usaha-usaha yang dilakukan ini mampu mengurangkan impak pandemik COVID-19 terutama di negeri Perlis.
FACTORS DETERMINING ZAKAT PAYMENT ON GOLD AMONG WORKING ADULTS IN FEDERAL TERRITORY, MALAYSIA: A PRELIMINARY STUDY
Authors: Mohd Sayuthi Muhammad Amir Syazwan , Juisin Hani Amirah
Published: May 2023

This study applies the ASE model which examines the effects of attitude, social influence and self-efficacy towards intention behaviour to pay zakat on gold among working adults in Federal Territory, Malaysia. Apparently, the current study was implemented due to the trend in gold investment and the zakat imposed on such investment increased, but the scope of the study was limited. As a preliminary study, 50 respondents participated in an online questionnaire survey that was issued in November 2021. The data survey was analyzed using the structural equation modelling (SEM) approach. The results revealed that attitude and self-efficacy have a significant relationship to the intended behaviour of gold zakat payment among working adults in Kuala Lumpur, Selangor, Putrajaya and Labuan. Unlike, social influence was found an insignificant effect on intention behaviour to pay zakat on gold. Hence, the obtained results may be relevant to provide zakat institutions with new insights into factors determining zakat payment on gold specifically in Federal Territory, Malaysia and thus can contribute to studies that are related to the ASE model.
Assessing the association between daily self-reported health symptoms and mental health among respiratory patients during high-pollution period in Thailand
Authors: Mekwilai Wee , Sirichana Worawan , Thawanaphong Sarita , Kawkitinarong Kamon , Taneepanichskul Nutta
Published: May 2023

This study aimed to explore the relationship between daily self-reported health symptoms and mental health among respiratory patients during a high-pollution period in Thailand. A cross-sectional study was conducted at the pulmonary clinic of King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital in Bangkok, Thailand in February 2022. Patients with respiratory diseases were enrolled and asked to self-evaluate their health via ChulaAir mobile application. Daily respiratory symptoms were assessed using a checklist for a month. The DASS21 questionnaire was used to identify depression, anxiety, and stress at the end of the month. Binary logistic regression was performed to find the associations. A total of 98 patients participated in the study, and the prevalence of depression, anxiety, and stress was 30.6%, 28.6%, and 26.5%, respectively. Cough and Phlegm were the most common health symptoms during the high-pollution period. An increase in the number of days with self-reported sore eyes was associated with depression (AOR=1.307; p=0.001), anxiety (AOR=1.261; p=0.001), and stress (AOR=1.178; p=0.001). Health symptoms are related to the presence of depression, anxiety, and stress during the high-pollution period. For individuals with respiratory symptoms, measures are required to alleviate mental health problems.
Ripensare l’inclusione sociale nella prospettiva della sostenibilità
Authors: Borrello Maria
Published: May 2023

Re-thinking social inclusion in the sustainability’s perspective

ABSTRACT: This essay critically discusses some theoretical problems related to the relationship between social inclusion and sustainability. In particular, it highlights that this is a two-way relationship that takes place within the representation of a concrete universal. The reflection is divided into three moments: first, the concept of sustainability is investigated in relation to the idea of future and then the concept of inclusion is investigated in relation to both identity and participation.

SOMMARIO: 1. Premessa - 2. Un futuro possibile, un futuro in comune - 3. Inclusione e identità - 4. Inclusione e partecipazione.
La laicità importuna: laicità costituzionale e libertà religiosa
Authors: Ferrari Alessandro
Published: May 2023

The bothersome secularity: constitutional secularity and religious freedom

ABSTRACT: In recent years, there has been a certain disenchantment of religious denominations with secularity. At the very time when secularity as a constitutional principle offered a broad guarantee for religious pluralism, its concrete implementation seemed to contradict this potential. The article examines how the modern, narrative conception of this principle continues to influence-and hinder-the constitutional dimension of secularity by undermining the integrative function performed by this fundamental principle.
Finanziamento della Santa Sede, trasparenza della destinazione e amministrazione patrimoniale
Authors: Fuccillo Antonio
Published: May 2023

Financing of the Holy See, transparency of destination and patrimonial administration

ABSTRACT: The essay analyzes the topic of the economic and financial management of the Holy See’s patrimony and in particular the reforms implemented during the pontificates of Benedict XVI and Francis which ensure greater transparency of financial operations. In carrying out its universal mission, the Church relies on transparent and efficient asset management. All those who manage the Church’s patrimony must administer it wisely, avoiding the performance of speculative operations in order to preserve the economic value of the assets, which are instrumental to all Church activities. Because of this, the Vatican judicial system has also been strengthened to prevent and eventually repress abuses in the management of ecclesiastical patrimony. It must be stressed, however, that, excessive garantism in the management of Vatican finances could risk hindering the Holy See’s activities. In this sense, the essay also reflects on the advisability of bypassing the ordinary system of financial transparency in peculiar circumstances in order to guarantee the Holy See’s evangelization activities.

SOMMARIO: 1. Introduzione - 2. La gestione finanziaria - 3. Le norme di gestione patrimoniale della Santa Sede: dalla Pastor Bonus alla Praedicate Evangelium - 4. Riflessioni conclusive.
Intorno a sei lettere di Pellegrino Artusi a Olindo Guerrini
Authors: Alba Monica
Published: May 2023

Il contributo intende fornire l’edizione e il commento, storico e linguistico, di sei lettere autografe di Pellegrino Artusi a Olindo Guerrini, appartenenti ad una collezione privata. Tali lettere si aggiungono al nucleo documentario degli autografi artusiani, costituito, fino ad ora, da soli sessantadue pezzi.
Comparison of meat nutritions and flavor between Chinese Yanbian yellow cattle and Simmental cattle
Authors: Li Mingbo
Published: May 2023

This research explored the difference between Chinese Yanbian yellow Beef and Simmental Beef in nutrients, meat quality and flavor, aimed at providing a basis for the development of Chinese Yanbian yellow cattle resources. Eight Chinese Yanbian yellow cattle and eight Simmental cattle were selected in this experiment. All the experimental cattle were fenced to 30 months of age under the same feeding conditions and slaughtered to determine the quality and flavor substance content of beef. The results showed that the contents of crude protein, ether extract and various amino acids in Chinese Yanbian yellow beef were significantly higher than those in Simmental beef (P<0.05). The shear force of Chinese Yanbian yellow beef was significantly lower than that of Simmental beef (P<0.05). The results of Gas chromatography. mass spectrometry (GC-MS) also showed that the kinds of flavor substances in Chinese Yanbian yellow beef were more than those in Simmental beef. In conclusion, the nutritional level and flavor of Chinese Yanbian yellow beef are better than those of Simmental beef. In conclusion, the nutritional level and flavor of Chinese Yanbian yellow beef are better than those of Simmental beef.
Analysis of Autoimmune Disease: Mechanism, Genetic Susceptibility and Environmental Factors
Authors: Liu Liyuan
Published: May 2023

This article discussed three aspects of autoimmune disease, including mechanism, genetic susceptibility, and environmental factors. Molecular mimicry and dual T cell receptor are two systems of the mechanism. Genetic susceptibility is depending on the environment and polymorphism. Lastly, the environmental factors rely on latitude, industrial development, and gender bias. This article provides a review of autoimmune disease which can help the researchers to further understand the basic information.
Pathological Analysis of down Syndrome and Its Nursing Care
Authors: Di Kunyu
Published: May 2023

Down Syndrome sounds like a rare case that can only be found in biology courses that are unrelated to normal peoples life. However, it occurs once every 1200 people according to CDC. Scientifically, Down syndrome is a genetic disease caused by trisomy 21 that cannot be cured by direct means of surgery or drugs. People must study the biochemical pathway Down Syndrome interferes with human body development, symptoms usually exhibit in patients, and Down Syndromes relationship with other diseases like Alzheimers in-depth and provide advanced detection for parents inclined to have Down Syndrome babies. Due to patients intellectual disability, someone must make important decisions for them so that they can receive needed treatments, Nursing patients with it not only requires extensive medical care but also patient emotional support. Well-trained nursing is required to protect this vulnerable group, not only to bring patients the chance to live a normal life but also to help their families avoid living in conflicts.
The Condition of Isolation During the COVID-19: A Review
Authors: Pan Hongye
Published: May 2023

Following the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic, attention has been paid to the function of buildings to isolate the virus and the impact of buildings on the mental health of patients. This article discusses the architectural design of the COVID-19 isolation through a literature review. Current research related to the COVID-19 isolation condition focuses on the design of ventilation, fluid dynamics, clinical environmental medicine, and the application of architectural psychology.
The Hippocampus: A Review of the Development and Importance of the Hippocampus During a Persons Stage of Learning, Aging, and Injury
Authors: Wang Yuejia
Published: May 2023

It has been recognized that the brain is one of the most important and complicated organs in the human body, and it is what sets humans apart from animals, but insight into how the brain controls behaviors, and through what processes people have become the way they are today lacks. Studying the distinct functions of organisms inside of the human brain, it is acknowledged that the hippocampus plays an important role in determining our personalities, learning abilities, and orienting skills. This review introduces the role of the hippocampus in different stages of a persons life (toddler, adolescence, and during and after adulthood), dominant functions of small parts of the hippocampus, and brain diseases that are caused by damage to the hippocampus such as Alzheimer's (AD) and Parkinson's (PD). Many common behaviors that are performed every day could be explained by brain mechanisms, and the brain diseases that we hear of constantly but feel distant about actually have many characteristics shared in common. The information is provided with the purpose of arousing readers awareness of brain health by introducing hippocampal functions, brain chemicals, and pathologies of brain diseases. The most practical ways of preventing and detecting brain diseases along with the mechanisms behind those methods are summarized. Since AD and PD are two high-risk brain diseases, tips for interacting with patients who have AD and PD are also provided so that people will have an idea of how to treat their loved ones if they are affected by those diseases.
Advantages and Disadvantages of Different Insulin Administration Methods for the Treatment of Diabetes
Authors: Zhu Dexun
Published: May 2023

The prevalence of diabetes has been on the rise in recent years, with a significant increase in China. 1980 epidemiological data on 300,000 people in 14 provinces and cities across the country showed that the prevalence of diabetes was 0.67%. By 2013, the prevalence had skyrocketed to 10.4%. Subcutaneous injection is the main route of insulin administration, however, patient compliance is poor and there are many adverse effects. This paper analyzes the advantages and disadvantages from both non-injectable and injectable delivery perspectives through a literature review. This paper finds that insulin pumps and insulin needle-free syringes are both good treatments for diabetes, but they are expensive and not easily accessible on a large scale, while oral administration is also a good treatment, but with low bioavailability. This paper provides researchers with new developments and perspectives on the future of insulin delivery and provides patients with a painless and efficient way to administer insulin.
Review on the Method of Generating Vascular Cells from iPSCs and Its Application
Authors: Zhang Yijie
Published: May 2023

Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells (iPSCs) embryonic-like stem cells are reprogrammed from skin or adult somatic cells. iPSC-derived cardiovascular cells have been widely used in many cardiovascular disease models and drug discovery. This paper reviews and summarizes the method of generating three different types of iPSC-derived cardiovascular cells, including iPSC-derived Endothelial Cells (ECs), Cardiomyocytes (CMs), and Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells (vSMCs), and the application of these iPSC-derived cardiovascular cells. The diseases discussed in this paper are pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) and critical limb ischemia (CLI). Additionally, construction of tissue-engineered blood vessels (TEBVs) for vascular grafting has also been discussed. To conclude, iPSCs, as a promising technique, is used in disease modeling, drug screening, tissue engineering, and the discovery of specific cardiovascular therapies for various patients.
Analysis of Commonly Used Sport Supplements
Authors: Bao Jingren
Published: May 2023

The famous Olympic phrase "faster, higher, stronger" continues to inspire millions of athletes who strive to improve their athletic performance. There has also been a debate in sports history over whether to allow athletes to use sports supplements. This article aims to analyze several different commonly used sports supplements. At the same time, this study also provides a scientific method of supplementing sports supplements for athletes according to the different functions and disadvantages of these supplements. In the end, it can be concluded that, in combination with the various needs of athletes, different supplements can help athletes recover quickly to maximize their potential during sports.
The Investigation of Whether the Choice of Medical Sponge in Sinus Surgery Has a Different Effect on the Recovery Period of Adhesions
Authors: Liu Haikun
Published: May 2023

Medical sponges play a vital role after surgery for hemostasis. However, for sinus surgery, using medical sponges will also bring one complication: adhesion. This research investigates the relationship between the choice of medical sponge in sinus surgery and the recovery period of adhesion. The method is to give out questionnaires to the professional ENT doctors in 21 hospitals in Jiangsu, one of the most productive regions in China, asking them to asses the performance of three types of medical sponges(expansion sponge, gelatin sponge, and absorbable nasopore) on the recovery period of adhesions. The result shows that the possibility of adhesions is greatest for the expansion sponge and least for the absorbable nasopore. The severity of their adhesions is almost the same. The recovery cycle takes the longest for gelatin sponges and the shortest for expansion sponges. As a result, for the future choice of medical sponges, it is recommended to choose expansion sponges and nasopore.
Risk Factors and Treatments of Non-specific Low Back Pain
Authors: Bao Qintong
Published: May 2023

Non-specific low back pain (NSLBP) is one kind of low back pain (LBP) that most commonly happened and causes a great amount of disability and recurrence, putting a heavy burden on the medical system. However, research about mechanisms, risk factors, and treatment of NSLBP is still limited. This study discusses the mechanism and risk factors of LBP in detail and analyzes physical, biopsychosocial, invasive, and pharmacological treatments of NLBP. Results show that many intrinsic and extrinsic factors influence NLBP. Age, gender, and obesity degree are intrinsic factors. A sedentary lifestyle, smoking, heavy lifting, long-time driving, stress, and fear-avoidance beliefs are extrinsic factors. Effective physical treatments include pilates, core stability, and hip muscle strengthening exercises. Biopsychosocial treatments such as psychologically informed practice, are also considered an evolutionary treatment method. Surgery, radiofrequency denervation, and acupuncture are also should be considered if other invasive therapies are ineffective. Muscle relaxants and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are strongly recommended for acute or sub-acute LBP.
Research on AIDS Prevention and Treatment
Authors: Fukuga Nahari
Published: May 2023

Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) is caused by the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). This syndrome is a sexually transmitted disease that caused millions of lives lost in the last century. This disease was notorious for its incurability. This paper introduces and analyzes the prevention and treatment of AIDS. To conclude, there are four types of symptoms, namely the regular symptoms, respiratory symptoms, nervous system symptoms, and gastrointestinal symptoms. The treatments for AIDS include the antiviral therapy, nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs), non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs), protease inhibitors (PIs), integrase inhibitors, fusion inhibitors, GP 120 attachment inhibitors, CCR5 antagonists, and post-attachment inhibitor or monoclonal antibody. The incurability of the syndrome still has to be solved since all of the treatments can only be used to prolong the patients lives.
Application and Prospect of CRISPR/Cas9 Technology in Marine Diatoms
Authors: Liu Yiran
Published: May 2023

CRISPR/Cas9 technology is a third-generation artificial nuclease technology that has been successfully applied in several fields, given its simplicity and efficiency. Although it has been widely used, its application in marine organisms, especially in eukaryotic marine phytoplankton represented by marine diatoms, is just beginning. As one of the most important marine primary producers, marine diatoms have a variety of irreplaceable ecological significance and potential applications, and therefore need the support of genetic engineering technologies to advance their further development. This paper will first introduce the mechanism of action and the history of CRISPR/Cas9 technology. It will also present the application of the CRISPR/Cas9 system in the genetic engineering of marine diatoms and discuss its prospects.
Silver Nanomaterials Applied in the Field of Diagnosis and Treatment
Authors: Cui Jiaming
Published: May 2023

Nanomaterials have great application prospect in biological medicine due to their strong permeability, repair and regeneration. In particular, nano silver has excellent antibacterial ability and no toxic effect, which makes it widely used. The specific content of this paper introduces a method of using silver nanoparticles to generate silver ions, and then make it react with hydrogen peroxide, through the colorimetric device to react with different color changes corresponding to different concentrations, through this biosensor to determine the concentration of such as cholesterol lactic acid and other substances.And when detecting miRNA,AuNPs were further modified by complementing the DNA (cDNA) of target mirnas. AgNPs could not be attracted to negatively charged DNA due to electrostatic repulsion by immobilized modified gold nanoparticles on the electrode surface. After analyzing the peak of silver stripping, miRNA can be accurately detected.Furthermore, chitosan coated silver nanoparticles were designed, and polyethylene glycol was used as a stabilizer. Finally, its good blood compatibility and antibacterial ability, as well as its cytotoxicity to cervical cancer cells were demonstrated by characterization.Finally, the accumulation and changes of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen (RNS) induced by silver nano are introduced, and it is confirmed by measurement that they are important factors in apoptosis of human pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.
Effects Of Deep Brain Stimulation on Parkinson's Disease as Viewed From The Basal Ganglia Network
Authors: Yang Yitong
Published: May 2023

This article focuses on the resolution strategy of deep brain stimulation to improve Parkinson's disease symptoms by correcting pathological concussions of the basal ganglia network. Years of clinical practice have shown that Subthalamic nucleus (STN) and Internal globus pallidus (GPI) are two effective sites for DBS intervention in Parkinson's disease. Through the observation of animal experiments and drug intervention, the characteristics of pathological oscillations of basal ganglia network and spontaneous oscillations among various nuclei were sorted out. Based on the functional system hypothesis of cortical-basal ganglia-thalamo-cortical loops, the pathological oscillation pattern of the -band is analyzed, and how electrical impulse stimulation changes the generation pattern of action potentials at the cellular level, thereby effectively changing pathological oscillations at the network level; This paper analyzes the improvement of symptoms such as tremor, rigidity, and frozen gait with DBS, and looks forward to a composite treatment strategy.
Genomes, Transcriptomes, Proteomes, Metabolomes in Bioinformatics Investigating Alzheimers Disease
Authors: Li Conghan
Published: May 2023

Alzheimers disease is affecting many people, especially people older than 65, living in the world. However, the cause and cure of these disease continue to confuse the scientists. Omics analysis, which includes four levels: genomes, transcriptomes, proteomes and metabolomes analysis, can dig out the information lying behind large amount of data and its really useful for complex disease like AD (Alzheimers Disease). In this article, I talked about the four levels of omics analysis investigating AD in details. In each level, the general workflow, the information we can get and the examples in AD have been involved. This paper will give the readers a general view of the function of omics analysis in AD.
A Summary of the Current Studies on Alzheimer's Disease
Authors: Xie Zeqiang
Published: May 2023

About five to six percent of Americans in 1999 had dementia or Alzheimer's disease (AD). Accordingly, 4 million Americans are estimated to have Alzheimer's. The load on care and the expense to society will rise as the population ages. By 2050, it is predicted that 14 million Americans will have Alzheimer's disease. Alzheimer's disease is the fourth leading cause of death in humans. Alzheimer's disease affects 5-10% of persons over the age of 65 and around 50% of those over the age of 85. Like this dangerous disease, Alzheimer's has no obvious cause and is still being studied. After 2022, after much debate in academia, the topic became murkier. This article provides background information and the latest descriptions of Alzheimer's disease.
Research Progress on Parkinson's Depression
Authors: Peng Haiyun
Published: May 2023

Parkinson's disease has a high prevalence of depression, which is frequently undiagnosed and untreated and has a tight relationship to health-related quality of life. In order to study the latest findings in this field, This article summarizes the research related to PD depression from 2010 to 2022, respectively, from the pathogenesis research, including the influence of genes, nutritional factors, and proteins, and it also summarizes the current treatment methods for PD depression, including drug therapy, behavioral therapy, and psychotherapy. It also summarizes recent clinical trials, including new drugs and cognitive therapies. Finally, the future development direction of Parkinson's depression has been prospected. This paper finds that new genes and nutritional factors have been found in the pathological study of Parkinson's depression, and new combinations of drug therapy have been added to the treatment of Parkinson's depression, as well as new methods of using behavioral therapy and psychological intervention to assist the treatment.
Association between the Prognosis of Stomach Adenocarcinoma (STAD) Patients and the Hotspots of Gene Copy Number Variation
Authors: Shi Yilin
Published: May 2023

Stomach Adenocarcinoma, with complex mechanisms about progression, has the biggest proportion in Stomach Cancer, which is one of the most common causes of death in the world. It is widely acknowledged that gene mutations have relationship with Stomach Adenocarcinoma. Copy number variation (CNV), producing identical sequence in a large amount, is associated with Stomach Adenocarcinoma. There are some hotspots of gene mutations in chromosome, CNV is no exception. Their positions may potentially have association with prognosis of patients, which is poorly understood. In this research, windows with fixed length were set; the number of start and end points of CNV in the windows were calculated. The rates of Poisson Distribution in different windows were calculated and the hotspots were found. Then by using proportional hazards model, The author learned the significance of the impact of CNV in certain areas on prognosis with data from TCGA. After analyzing 180 windows, the author found 14 significant windows. These discoveries may reveal new methods of targeted therapy, promoting the precise treatment of Stomach Adenocarcinoma patients
Effects on birds due to urbanization and potential solutions-a case study in Shenzhen, China
Authors: Tang Zhican
Published: May 2023

Urbanization has been bringing severe impacts on birds as industrial civilization develops. As urban areas rapidly expand, in addition to traditional problems such as industrial pollution and habitat loss, some seemly minor effects attract researchers attention. Common problems among these are noise pollution, light pollution, and bird-building collision. Past studies focus on the effects exerted on birds, but there is a lack of assessments of the real-life application of these findings. Therefore, Shenzhen, a first-tier city in China, is taken as a case to discuss how some of these indirect problems arise, how they affect endemic birds, and solutions that are either potential or have already brought good effects. By making a rough assessment of the citys situation, it is concluded that Shenzhens government and the public have taken many actions to make the city more environmental-friendly, i.e., installing acoustic barriers along highways and planting trees to limit the impact of noise pollution. However, for some newly emerged issues like mitigating bird-building collisions, academic studies have just begun and many improvements can be made. By analyzing these problems and solutions in a specific city, a rough reference for the level of environmental protection in one of the advanced cities in China is made. But more future studies about these problems should be made both regionally and domestically, and ecological effects should be further considered by the local government while making decisions.
Research on Breast Cancer Classification and Prediction Model Based on Principal Component Analysis and Machine Learning
Authors: Wang Qiushi
Published: May 2023

In recent years, breast cancer has become one of the biggest threats to women's health, accounting for the majority of cancer deaths among women. Because early treatment of breast cancer has a great effect on the recovery of breast cancer, the diagnosis of breast cancer is particularly important. Machine learning, as the most popular method, is also used for model construction in this field. This study is based on data from breast tumors, which contain 10 morphological features of breast tumor nucleus. In this study, homogenization, standardization and feature selection were used to process the data and KNN algorithm was used to construct the classification prediction model, with principal component analysis (PCA) used to optimize the model. Finally, the original 30 variables were reduced to 3 variables and the model parameters were adjusted in order to achieve the best model with the accuracy of 98.54%. The final model achieves the highest operating efficiency and accuracy. In this study, through the visualization of PCA and the comparison of different models, the classification effect of the final model can be the best. This model can be applied to the clinical diagnosis of breast cancer patients, which is helpful to the early treatment efficiency and greatly reduce the mortality of breast cancer patients
The possible methods of diagnosis and effects of exposure to organophosphate pesticides
Authors: Xiong Xinyang
Published: May 2023

Organophosphate pesticide (OP), being one of those easy to access, has resulted in many cases of exposure specifically to those working field with it being commonly applied on a frequent basis. It is critical that those working with it have knowledge of its effects and the possible symptoms because of its exposure. And to those who may arrive without any relative detail about themselves, a possible method of diagnosis to confirm that the said person is at risk of exposure. Through investigation across multiple methods aiming to suggest possible pathways of obtaining detailed descriptions or further information of symptoms caused by OP exposure. Additionally, diagnosis methods and comparison to chemicals with similarity in property or classification of OP. In the aim to propose a viable method, comparison and suggestions for current applications
Up-conversion Nanoparticles with Drugs Target the Tumor Microenvironment
Authors: Tian Yuan
Published: May 2023

The internal environment in which cancer cells develop and persist is referred to as the tumor microenvironment (TME). Cancer cells interact with the microenvironment, leading to further cell proliferation and migration. Traditional Chinese medicines (TCM) have been shown in trials that can target and improve the tumor microenvironment. Up-conversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) can exploit the properties of the tumor microenvironment for precise targeting while preventing the premature release of their loaded medications. In this overview, we review any existing research results on the targeting of tumor microenvironment by Traditional Chinese medicines and Up-conversion nanoparticles in recent years. We discuss the possibilities and advantages of combining Traditional Chinese medicines with Up-conversion nanoparticles and summarize their current unresolved issues.
The Effect of Yogurt on Human lifespanTake the Digestive and Immune Systems as Example
Authors: Liang Zhewei
Published: May 2023

At present, the effect of yogurt products on human beings is still in the exploration stage, and the current research on this topic is mainly focused on the improvement of intestinal flora and inflammation. With the further expansion of the yogurt market, it is becoming more and more necessary to explore the impact of yogurt on various parts of the human body. The main objective of this paper is to study the influence of yoghurt on human life. Starting from the influence of yoghurt on human immune function and digestive system, this paper analyzes the influence on life after the change of immune function and digestive system, so as to obtain the influence of regular consumption of yoghurt on life.
Formal Synthesis of Morphine Backbone and Its Possible Improvements
Authors: Song Penghao
Published: May 2023

Intramolecular interactions between molecules have been reported as the most efficient way of synthesizing morphine molecules. A total of nine-step synthesis using intramolecular cycloaddition, also known as Diels-Alder reaction, has been so far the most successful way of synthesizing morphine. Tandem radical cyclization has also been proved to be efficient. Although both reactions are simple, they might be affected by stereochemistry. Thid paper proposes some possible ways of improving such intramolecular interactions.
Antiviral Resistance in Influenza Virus: Mechanism of Action
Authors: Lyu Weichen
Published: May 2023

The "Spanish flu" pandemic caused by H1N1 virus in 1918 caused 50 million deaths. The best-known drugs for treating influenza viruses are antiviral drugs, including amantadine, rimantadine, zanamivir, and oseltamivir. Amantadine and rimantadine are excellent prophylactic drugs against influenza A. Whereas, Zanamivir and oseltamivir have comparable efficacy against influenza A and B viruses. This paper reviews antiviral drugs, approved for clinical use. This review evaluates neuraminidase inhibitors (NAIs), focusing on their mechanism of action and the emergence of resistance to them. The results showed that the viruses mutated and developed resistance during the treatment with NAIs for seasonal, pandemic, and avian influenza
A Review of Expansion Microscopy
Authors: Liu Tingxuan
Published: May 2023

Expansion microscopy is a type of powerful and simple super-resolution microscopy that provides sub-diffraction images of biological samples by physically expanding them anchored in hydrogels. It has been combined with other existing methods to better visualize the microscopic structures of the samples. We will review some very important papers in this area about the early developments and explorations of general procedures and fundamental mechanisms of expansion microscopy. We will also review the recent developments and applications as well as their advantages and insufficiencies. Through our review, it is clear that the current expansion microscopy applications can help researchers to identify many sub-diffraction structures of the samples with many different fluorescence staining strategies, but there is a tradeoff between those strategies. Based on these points, we anticipate expansion microscopy will achieve a higher expansion factor and more powerful staining techniques.
Research on Food and Medication for Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Ding Yicheng
Published: May 2023

Nowadays, diabetes is still a disease that is very difficult to cure, especially for type 2 diabetes, which does not have way to cure it yet. But it is still necessary to find ways to prevent and improve the conditions of patients. The author intends to discuss the treatment and improvement of diabetes from the aspects of diet and medicine. This paper is based on current papers and research from some scientists, and the papers purpose is going to utilize the information that corresponds to the essays topic. The result shows that diet and medicine can have different effects on the treatment of diabetes separately. Currently, the main treatment of type 2 diabetes is intervention. In the process of the treatment, food and diets are utilized to control the patients blood sugar level. Medicine is used to prevent complications by adjusting the chemicals inside the human body and also controlling the blood sugar level
Review of Alzheimer Disease from Pathology, Diagnosis and APOE Targeted Treatment
Authors: Li Xinzhe
Published: May 2023

Alzheimers disease (AD) is the main cause of dementia worldwide. Although the pathology of AD is not yet completely understood, it has been widely acknowledged that the biomarkers including beta-amyloid plaques, neurofibrillary tangles and the neuroinflammation induced by these hallmarks contributed to the ADs pathology. Different from the conventional diagnosis of AD which is based on clinical criteria, the modern methods relay on biomarkers imaging and fluid test. Currently, although the treatment of AD is targeted to symptomatic therapy, advanced therapies that target the hallmarks of AD such as anti-beta-amyloid and APOE related therapies are under developing. Here, we will first review the major hypothesis of ADs pathological mechanism and then discuss the methods of diagnosis and treatment of AD which is developed in progress
The Genes Associate with Alzheimers Disease
Authors: Li Hanlei
Published: May 2023

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a common chronic neurological disease. In an aging society, the incidence rate is increasing year by year and remains high. Due to the decline of intelligence and cognition in patients, it is a heavy burden to the family and society. However, its pathological mechanism is not fully explained, and there is a great deal of controversy recently. Previous studies have shown that AD is characterized by the accumulation of neural plaques and neurofibrillary tangles caused by abnormal accumulation of A protein. There are also studies showing that the dysfunction of cholinergic neurons may lead to its occurrence and development. Namely, degeneration of cholinergic neurons occurs in AD and leads to alternating cognitive function and memory loss. Current treatments for AD are very limited. This situation has led to the research focus on the risk factors for the occurrence of the disease. Age, genetics and environmental factors play different roles in the development of AD. Genetic inheritance may be the basis of individual susceptibility. This article briefly introduces genetic factors and specific genes associated with AD in order to further our understanding of how this disease occurs
A Future Realistic Model of Bionic Limbs with High Accuracy
Authors: Zhao Qianyu
Published: May 2023

Bionic limb achievements in the last 10 years have primarily focused on breakthroughs to improve accuracy with new materials and concepts that are unlikely to be used when producing an entire upper bionic limb. For example, studies on bionic limbs with new materials, such as pneumatic bionic flexible arms, which cannot meet the needs of amputees in terms of using comfortably and accurately interpreting users' intentions. Though the future development of bionic limbs has many possibilities, this paper summarizes and analyzes the functions and drawbacks of three most important structures in bionic hands and compares them to the most widely used sensory feedback realization methods. The paper then designed a future model based on the perspectives discussed above in order to meet the requirements of high accuracy, flexibility, a comfortable feeling, and real-time sensory feedback. Finally, the paper contrasts the BCI technique with the newly developed model.
Invasion and Endangerment Lead by Specific Features of Reptiles and Amphibians
Authors: Lyu Zeyi , Wang Yikun
Published: May 2023

Biodiversity is the most emphasized term in ecology that keeps the ecosystem wonderful and stable. However, invasion and endangerment are two phenomena of disturbance of biodiversity. The features of these kinds of species should be determined for further animal protection. Through four main case studies, the article describes how such species proliferate or nearly distinct. Python Bivattatus, Rhinella Marina, Sphenodon punctatus, and Ambystoma mexicanum would be focused, and typical features of reproduction, niche, and feeding behavior indicate the phenomena. It is concluded that invasion is related to climate differentiation, energy cost, and adaptation. The specialty of poikilothermal animals in the ecosystem is important to discover the mystery of their invasion and endangerment. Furthermore, the relationship between invasion and endangerment is revealed, and several government solutions are mentioned.