bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Study on the role of tissue-specific and non-specific autoantibodies, matrix metalloproteinase-3 and neuron-specific enolase enzymes in the exacerbation of autoimmune thyroiditis
Authors: Rahimova R. R. , Efendiyev A. M. , Shahverdiyeva I. J. , Dashdamirova G. S. , Guliyeva S. R. , Azizova U. H.
Published: April 2024

The aim of the study was to examine the involvement of tissue-specific and non-specific autoantibodies, matrix metalloproteinase-3 and neuron-specific enolase (NSE) enzymes in the development and exacerbation of autoimmune thyroiditis.
Materials and methods. The study enrolled 170 patients with autoimmune thyroiditis (64 males and 106 females aged 18 to 64 years) to comprehensively examine their humoral immune response indicators (IgA, M, G), organ-specific (Ab-TG, Ab-TPO) and organ-non-specific antibodies (Ab-DNA), metalloproteinase-3 and NSE activity. The control group consisted of 65 individuals without thyroid pathologies or other autoimmune diseases, aged 20 to 65 years (26 males and 39 females).
Results. The study has demonstrated changes in the levels of organ-specific and organ-nonspecific antibodies and statistically significantly increased metalloproteinase-3 activity in patients with autoimmune thyroiditis. Positive correlations have been found between elevated levels of IgG, Ab-TG, Ab-TPO, Ab-dsDNA and NSE activity. Negative correlations have been observed between NSE activity and IgA concentrations.
Conclusions. Elevated titers of anti-DNA autoantibodies may indicate an aggravation of the autoimmune process due to cellular structure damage, resulting in gland dysfunction. The findings also suggest that metalloproteinase-3, a marker predicting thyroid tissue damage, may negatively impact the immune response induction, ultimately affecting the activity of neuron-specific enolase. The data have shown that studying biochemical indicators such as antinuclear antibodies (ANA), anti-DNA antibodies, metalloproteinase-3 and neurodegenerative indicators could provide informative markers to determine the nature of the disease development and worsening.
Valeriana officinalis (Valerian) – review
Authors: Kokitko V. O. , Odyntsova V. M.
Published: April 2024

Valeriana officinalis L. s.l. is a perennial herbaceous plant belonging to the Valerianaceae family. It is widely distributed in Ukraine and around the world. The official medicinal raw material derived from Valeriana officinalis consists of the dried, whole, or fragmented underground parts of the plant, including the rhizome along with the roots and stolons. To meet the standards outlined in the European Pharmacopoeia, this raw material must be standardized based on its essential oil content (a minimum of 4 ml/kg in dried preparations) and sesquiterpenic acids (a minimum of 0.17 percent by weight, calculated as valeric acid, in dried preparations).
The aim of the work was searching, systematizing, and generalizing information from the specialized literature on the chemical composition, biological activity and therapeutic use of Valeriana officinalis.
Valeriana officinalis has sedative, mild analgesic, hypnotic, antispasmodic, carminative, and hypotensive effects. Historically, it was used for hysterical conditions, hyperexcitability, insomnia, hypochondria, migraine, spasms, intestinal colic, rheumatic pains, dysmenorrhea, and especially for conditions accompanied by nervous excitability. The main classes of biological substances identified in Valeriana officinalis are valepotriates, iridolactones, alkaloids, phenolic acids, sesquiterpenes, flavonoids, terpene coumarins, lignans, terpene and flavonol glycosides. It has not yet been established which components of Valeriana officinalis are responsible for its pharmacological effects. Current opinion is that the overall effect of valerian is due to several different groups of components and their different mechanisms of action. Therefore, the activity of different preparations of valerian will depend on their content and concentration of several types of components.
Conclusions. Summarized and systematized original works related to pharmacognostic study, phytochemical analysis, and medicinal use of underground and aerial parts of various species of Valeriana genus. The analysis of the material shows that in recent years, scientists from all over the world have paid attention to the above-ground part of valerian and have chosen it as an object of in-depth study. This approach opens new possibilities for the use of the herb Valeriana officinalis in medicine.
Chromatographic determination of volatile compounds of Achillea micranthoides Klok. et Krytzka
Authors: Duyun I. F. , Panchenko S. V.
Published: April 2024

The processes of free radical oxidation are known to play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of many diseases. Therefore, the use of antioxidants is considered both pathogenetically justified and rational. Plants belonging to the genus Achillea L. are noted for their diverse content of biologically active substances, which contributes to their antioxidant activity. Given the availability of raw materials and the high biological activity of volatile compounds, it is particularly advisable to explore promising species within the genus Achillea L., such as yarrow (Achillea micrantoides Klok. et Krytzka). Yarrow is widespread in Ukraine, characterized by a long vegetation period, and holds promise for further pharmacognostic study.
Aim. The purpose of the work is to study the volatile compounds of the yarrow extract (Achillea micrantoides Klok. et Krytzka) and to establish their component composition.
Materials and methods. The Thin-Layer Chromatography (TLC) method and Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC/MS) on an Agilent Technology 7890 B chromatograph were employed to determine the component composition of volatile compounds in Achillea micranthoides Klok. et Krytzka. The NIST14 mass spectral library was utilized for identifying the components of the samples.
Results. Identification of volatile compound components was carried out by chromatography of ethyl acetate extracts from the leaves and inflorescences of the subject TLC in the mobile phase ethyl acetate – toluene (5:95). By the gas method Chromatography-mass spectrometry determined the presence of 30 volatile compounds of grass A. micranthoides Klok. et Krytzka, 26 of the compounds were identified, which accounted for 86.76 % of the total number of compounds.
Study of the effect of bifonazole concentration on the antifungal activity of vaginal suppositories
Authors: Mielnyk T. V. , Kolycheva N. L.
Published: April 2024

The analysis of the current state of pharmacotherapy for vulvovaginal candidiasis reveals that there is a contemporary need for the development of soft dosage forms for the local treatment of infectious diseases affecting the vulva and vagina. This should be based on azole derivatives that, despite possessing a well-established wide spectrum of antifungal and antibacterial effects, have not been utilized for vaginal administration in domestic formulations. The successful realization of this project would enable the field of domestic dermatology to provide effective, compliant, and affordable drugs for gynecological practice to the general population of Ukraine. Additionally, it would establish a viable alternative to imported pharmacotherapeutic agents.
Aim. The purpose of this work is the scientific substantiation of the concentration of bifonazole in suppository compositions for vaginal use.
Materials and methods. Research was conducted to investigate the influence of bifonazole concentration ranging from 1 % to 15 % in soft dosage forms for vaginal use. Model compositions were formulated on a polyethylene oxide carrier, considering its solubility. The antifungal activity of the experimental suppository compositions was chosen as the optimization parameter and assessed using the diffusion method in agar against Candida albicans ATCC 885-653. Variance analysis of the results revealed a significant impact of bifonazole concentration on the antimycotic activity of the suppository compositions based on the model polyethylene oxide.
Results. The research results show that increasing the concentration of the active pharmaceutical ingredient in suppository masses above 10 % does not lead to a statistically significant increase in their antimycotic activity.
Conclusions. As a result of the conducted study on the antifungal effect of suppository masses with bifonazole on a model polyethylene oxide basis, it was found that the concentration of the active pharmaceutical ingredient has a statistically significant effect on the effectiveness of the soft dosage form. It was established that a ten percent concentration of bifonazole, equivalent to 0.3 g of the biologically active substance in vaginal suppositories, provides the optimal level of their antifungal effect.
Existence of ground states to quasi-linear Schrödinger equations with critical exponential growth involving different potentials
Authors: Zhang Caifeng , Zhu Maochun
Published: April 2024

The purpose of this paper is three-fold. First, we establish singular Trudinger–Moser inequalities with less restrictive constraint:
(0.1)

sup

u
∈

H

1

(

R

2

)

,

∫

R

2

(

|
∇
u

|

2

+
V

(

x

)

u

2

)

d
x
≤
1

∫

R

2

e

4
π

1
−

β

2

u

2

−
1

|
x

|

β

d
x
<
+
∞
,

$$\underset{u\in {H}^{1}\left({\mathbb{R}}^{2}\right),\underset{{\mathbb{R}}^{2}}{\int }\left(\vert \nabla u{\vert }^{2}+V\left(x\right){u}^{2}\right)\mathrm{d}x\le 1}{\mathrm{sup}}\underset{{\mathbb{R}}^{2}}{\int }\frac{{e}^{4\pi \left(1-\frac{\beta }{2}\right){u}^{2}}-1}{\vert x{\vert }^{\beta }}\mathrm{d}x{< }+\infty ,$$

where

0
<
β
<
2

$0{< }\beta {< }2$

,

V

(

x

)

≥
0

$V\left(x\right)\ge 0$

and may vanish on an open set in

R

2

${\mathbb{R}}^{2}$

. Second, we consider the existence of ground states to the following Schrödinger equations with critical exponential growth in

R

2

${\mathbb{R}}^{2}$

:
(0.2)

−
Δ
u
+
γ
u
=

f

(

u

)

|
x

|

β

,

$$-{\Delta}u+\gamma u=\frac{f\left(u\right)}{\vert x{\vert }^{\beta }},$$

where the nonlinearity

f

$f$

has the critical exponential growth. In order to overcome the lack of compactness, we develop a method which is based on the threshold of the least energy, an embedding theorem introduced in (C. Zhang and L. Chen, “Concentration-compactness principle of singular Trudinger-Moser inequalities in

R

n

${\mathbb{R}}^{n}$

and

n

$n$

-Laplace equations,” Adv. Nonlinear Stud., vol. 18, no. 3, pp. 567–585, 2018) and the Nehari manifold to get the existence of ground states. Furthermore, as an application of inequality (0.1), we also prove the existence of ground states to the following equations involving degenerate potentials in

R

2

${\mathbb{R}}^{2}$

:
(0.3)

−
Δ
u
+
V

(

x

)

u
=

f

(

u

)

|
x

|

β

.

$$-{\Delta}u+V\left(x\right)u=\frac{f\left(u\right)}{\vert x{\vert }^{\beta }}.$$
Enhanced corrosion protection of rebars in alkaline solutions by ferroporphyrin and the mechanisms of electron consumption and lattice reconstruction
Authors: Ding Rui , Zhang Xue-Qi , Yue Qing-Xian , Lv Jing , Liu Jie
Published: April 2024

Reinforced concretes are the primary materials in coastal and offshore engineering. In alkaline environment of concrete, the anodic process is passivation of rebars and the conjugated cathodic process is oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). It is proposed that a novel approach to enhance the passivation films through catalyzed ORR by iron meso-tetra(4-carboxyphenyl)porphine (FeTCPP). The ORR catalyst FeTCPP promotes the formation of passivation film, as it accelerates the consumption of abundant electrons generated and accumulated by the anodic formation of passivation films. The passivation films of rebars are highly defective Fe3O4 semiconductor. The dissolution of interstitial ferrous ions and lattice iron ions produces defects of O ion vacancies, Fe ion vacancies and interstitial Fe ions, and they further cause the formation and accumulation of Fe atom vacancies on the metal surface, leading to the collapse of the passivation films. The FeTCPP adsorbs on the surface of passivation films, hindering the dissolution of lattice iron ions and interstitial ferrous ions, thereby inhibiting the generation and accumulation of Fe atom vacancies and improving the integrity and protective ability of the passivation films.
Association between maternal and cord blood thyroid hormones, and urine iodine concentration with fetal growth
Authors: Alimardani Bita , Hashemipour Mahin , Hovsepian Silva , Mozafarian Nafiseh , Khoshhali Mehri , Kelishadi Roya
Published: April 2024

Objectives

We planned to evaluate the association of fetal and maternal thyroid hormones and maternal iodine status with neonates’ anthropometric parameters.

Methods

In this cross-sectional study, levels of thyrotropin were measured in maternal serum in the first trimester of pregnancy, and thyrotropin (TSH) and free thyroxin (fT4) were measured in cord blood serum samples at birth. Urinary iodine concentration (UIC) levels in random urine samples of mothers were measured in the third trimester of pregnancy. The relationship between UIC and thyroid hormone levels of mothers with neonates’ anthropometric birth parameters of neonates was evaluated.

Results

One hundred eighty-eight mother–newborn pairs completed the study. Mean (SD) of cord blood TSH (CB-TSH), cord blood-free thyroxin (CB-FT4) values, and maternal TSH (M-TSH) levels were 8.8 (7.3) mIU/L, 1.01 (0.2) ng/dL, and 2.2 (0.9) mIU/L, respectively. After adjusting for confounders, there was a positive significant association between female neonate length and maternal TSH and log log-transformed CB TSH (LN_CB-TSH) (p<0.05). Median UIC (Q1–Q3) was 157 (53–241) μg/L, and there was no association between birth weight, birth length, and head circumferences of neonates and mothers’ UIC (p>0.05).

Conclusions

We found a positive correlation between maternal TSH in the first trimester of pregnancy and the birth length of newborns, and a negative correlation was observed between CB-TSH and birth length in girls, but it did not provide conclusive evidence for the relationship between maternal and neonatal thyroid hormone levels and birth weight. There was no association between maternal UIC levels in the third trimester and birth anthropometric parameters.
Influence of the twisting and nano fluids on performance of a triangular double tube heat exchanger
Authors: Abdul Razzaq Ali K. , Mushatet Khudheyer S.
Published: April 2024

The hydraulic and thermals performance of flow in a double-tube heat exchanger with an inner twisted triangle tube of length L = 1 m has been studied numerically. Equations for energy, turbulence, and Navier–Stokes were used to model the fluid flow and heat transfer in a double-tube heat exchanger with an inner twisted triangle tube. The Reynolds number range was 5000–30,000 for nanofluid (water-Al2O3) as a working fluid under a turbulent flow regime. The considered configuration was examined by varying the volume concentration of nanofluid while keeping the twist ratio constant (Tr = 5). Different cases of volume concentration of nanofluid are triggered (0.05 %, 1 %, 2.5 %, and 4 %, respectively). The numerical outcomes of a double-twisted tube heat exchanger with an inner triangle-twisted tube are validated with the obtainable numerical data. The governing equations were solved with ANSYS Fluent 18.2. The findings reveal that the larger volume concentration of nanofluid (4 %) gives a greater Nusselt number and vice versa due to the increased thermal conductivity of the nanofluid in the double twist tube heat exchanger compared with a plain tube. However, the nanofluid Nusselt number grows with the rise of both the Reynolds number and volume concentration (Ø), and the best value of the Nusselt number is 210 when Reynolds number = 30,000 and Ø = 4 %. The effectiveness of the heat exchanger grows with an increase in the concentration of the nanofluid and a reduction in the torsion ratio compared to the normal tube. The effectiveness of the double-tube heat exchanger with an inner twist triangle tube increases to the highest value of 0.38 at Reynolds 30,000 and Ø = 4 %.
Facile synthesis and electrochemical investigation of graphitic carbon nitride/manganese dioxide incorporated polypyrrole nanocomposite for high-performance energy storage applications
Authors: Xavier Joseph Raj
Published: April 2024

Manganese dioxide (MnO2) nanoparticles were modified by graphitic carbon nitride (GCN) and polylpyrrole (Ppy) to enhance their electrochemical performance. The surface influence, crystalline structure, and electrochemical performance of the Ppy/GCN/MnO2 material were characterized and compared with those of pristine MnO2. It is found that surface modification can improve the structural stability of MnO2 without decreasing its available specific capacitance. The electrochemical properties of synthesized Ppy/GCN/MnO2 electrode were evaluated using cyclic voltammetry (CV) and AC impedance techniques in 5 M KOH electrolyte. Specific capacitances of 486, 815, 921, and 1377 F/g were obtained for MnO2, Ppy/MnO2, GCN/MnO2, and Ppy/GCN/MnO2, respectively, at 5 A/g. This improvement is attributed to the synergistic effect of GCN and Ppy in the Ppy/GCN/MnO2 electrode material. The Ppy/GCN/MnO2 electrode in KOH has average specific energy and specific power densities of 172 Wh kg−1 and 2065 W kg−1, respectively. Only 2 % of the capacitance’s initial value is lost after 10,000 cycles. The resulting Ppy/GCN/MnO2 nanocomposite had very stable and porous layered structures. This work demonstrates that Ppy/GCN/MnO2 nanomaterials exhibit good structural stability and electrochemical performance and are good materials for supercapacitor applications.
Reduction mechanism and energy transfer between Eu3+ and Eu2+ in Eu-doped materials synthesized in air atmosphere
Authors: Khan Shahab , Zheng Hong-Wei , Jiao Huan , Saleem Shahroz , Gul Zarif , Al-Humaidi Jehan Y. , Al Bahir Areej , Althomali Raed H. , Ali Arshad , Rahman Mohammed M.
Published: April 2024

This article critically examines the reduction mechanisms and energy transfer processes between trivalent europium ions (Eu3+) and divalent europium ions (Eu2+) in materials synthesized in an air atmosphere. It also encompasses various materials and conditions, including a critical analysis of the reduction mechanism and energy transfer between Eu3+ and Eu2+ in Eu-doped materials. Specific investigations include exploring the reduction process in BaMgSiO4:Eu, focusing on factors influencing the reaction. The article also covers low-temperature self-reduction, addressing conditions and mechanisms such as the charge compensation model and laser-induced reduction. Additionally, it explores the influence of charge compensation on luminescent properties, emphasizing enhancements in red emission. Investigations into the role of oxygen vacancies in the reduction of Eu3+ and their implications on material properties are presented. This article further digs into abnormal reduction processes and the formation of defect centers in Eu3+-doped pollucite, proposing a substitution defect model for the self-reduction of europium ions in silicate Ba(Eu)MgSiO4 phosphors. Unusual reduction phenomena, such as reduction via boiling water in Yb2Si2O7:Eu3+ phosphors, and reductions in various glass systems, including porous glass, ZnO–B2O3–P2O5 glasses, aluminoborosilicate glasses, europium-doped Li2B4O7 glass, and aluminosilicate oxyfluoride glass (AOG), are also thoroughly examined.
The environmental impact of using gold nanoparticles and 3HFWC in cosmetics, as determined with LCA methodology
Authors: Rudolf Rebeka , Majerič Peter , Jelen Žiga , Horvat Andrej , Krajnc Damjan
Published: April 2024

This review provides a detailed inventory analysis of the manufacturing process of a cosmetic cream using gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) and hydroxylated fullerene water complex (3HFWC) as novel nanocomponents for cream. The inventory analysis was focused on the evaluation of the two raw materials of the nanocomponents, the consumption of electricity and water, which enabled an insight into the process flows within the production process. The data obtained from this analysis of the inventory of nanocomponents provide an insight into the potential improvements that can be made in the manufacturing process of nanocomponents, in order to reduce the environmental impact of the production of new cosmetic creams. These results will serve as the basis for the second part of the analysis, where a life cycle analysis will be carried out to assess the environmental impacts of cream production from the acquisition of raw materials to the disposal of the final product.
Analysis of the effectiveness of clustering algorithms for multimodal samples using computer simulation of an educational experiment
Authors:   Kazan State University of Architecture and Engineering, Abitov Ruslan Nazilovich , Safin Rais Semigullovich ,   Kazan State University of Architecture and Engineering
Published: April 2024

Introduction. The article is devoted to the problem of primary data processing of pedagogical experiments having a multimodal character. The purpose of the study is to identify the most effective and universal clustering algorithms for pedagogical experiments. Materials and Methods. The study used the method of modeling a pedagogical experiment. The analysis of 5 clustering algorithms is conducted. The effectiveness of clustering algorithms was evaluated based on the proportion of observations with clustering errors at various tolerance levels and the Jacquard similarity coefficient. Regression analysis was used to assess the influence of modeling parameters of a pedagogical experiment and indicators of descriptive statistics on the effectiveness of clustering algorithms. Results. The assessment of the effectiveness of various data clustering algorithms is provided, as well as a correlation and regression analysis of factors affecting clustering efficiency indicators was carried out. Conclusions. The most effective clustering algorithms for multimodal samples include the K-means algorithm and the agglomerative hierarchical algorithm. The results obtained in this research can be used for statistical analysis of pedagogical, psychological, sociological, biological and medical research data.
The Relationships among Exercise Behavior, Body Composition and Perceived Health Levels in University Students
Authors: Sevimli Dilek , Uluer Tuğba , Sangün Levent
Published: April 2024

Aim and Scope: Increasing physical activity level is important for public health. This study aims to investigate the relationship between regular physical activity level, body composition and perceived health levels of university students. Methods: Participants of this study were consisted of 331 university students including 158 females and 173 males. The mean ages were 21.85 years for females and 22.94 years for males, respectively. The Exercise Behavior Stages of Change Questionnaire was used to determine the physical activity level. Mann Whitney U test was used to compare two genders while Spearman rank order correlation was performed to test the relationship among variables. Findings: Results of our study showed that there are significant differences between males and females in all variables except age and exercise behavior stages. While the exercise behavior stages and perceived health level of those who exercise in females are significantly different from those of sedentary, height and exercise behavior level in males are more statistically significant in favor of those who exercise. While the health level in females is positively related to the age variable and negatively related to the BMI, there was no significant difference between the health and exercise level and other variables in males. Conclusion: As a result, it can be concluded that male and female university students do not engage in regular physical activity at a level that will affect their perceived health levels.
Investigation of Eating Behaviors and Life Satisfaction in Terms of Different Variables in Individuals Who Exercise Regularly
Authors: Gençay Ertuğrul , Gençay Selçuk
Published: April 2024

In this study, it was aimed to examine the eating behaviors and life satisfaction of individuals who regularly exercise in sports centers in terms of different variables. For this purpose, a total of 161 people, 70 female and 91 male, with an average age of 30.30± 10.02, were surveyed. According to the results of the independent sample t-test, it was determined that the difference between the eating behavior levels of the participants according to the gender variable was not statistically significant (p>0.05). Considering the marital status variable, it was determined that there was a significant difference between married and single individuals in terms of external eating behavior levels (p
Improving Reading Comprehension in Secondary School Students through ICT Tools: An Innovative Approach
Authors: Carmen García Atoche Gisella del , Rosa Junchaya Palomino Nélida , Julia Morocho Ricalde Carmen , Marvin Navarro Yanayaco Yonny
Published: April 2024

The research focused on determining the influence of ICT tools in improving reading comprehension in second grade secondary school students. A quantitative approach and a quasi-experimental design were used, with a sample of 74 students divided into two groups: one experimental and one control. A questionnaire validated by experts was applied for data collection and the Jasp program was used for data analysis, using the Mann-Whitney U coefficient. The results showed that reading comprehension improves significantly (p<.05) with a large effect size after the application of ICT tools. It is concluded that reading comprehension is a skill that can be improved through the application of educational programs that incorporate digital tools. These findings suggest the importance of implementing digital technologies in the educational field to improve students' reading comprehension.
Linking Company’s Activity and Human Well-Being from the Perspective of Corporate Social Responsibility
Authors: Skruibytė Izolda
Published: April 2024

There is growing interest from academic scholars and international institutions in assessing the impact of business activity on human well-being. Business is essential for our lives but it is still unclear what companies’ activities should be to increase standards of living and to contribute better to higher human well-being. What is the role of corporate social responsibility (CSR) on human well-being, and how can companies be motivated towards more responsible activities? Partly, it is a matter of subjective understanding and, partly, a matter of assessing the phenomena of human well-being and CSR tends to make these relations more complicated and more scientific discussions are needed, therefore, to address these issues. The present study represents a comprehensive analysis of the concept of human well-being from the perspectives of both hedonic and eudaimonic approaches and it also investigates the role of CSR in companies’ economic activities, as well as outlines the theoretical links between CSR and human well-being. A conceptual model of the links between company’s economic activity and human well-being, according to CSR, is provided. The model states that the contribution of a business to human well-being differs depending on whether company’s activity is concentrated on economic results, or rather on sustainable development. The responsible activity of a company that meets the environmental, social, and economic challenges when producing goods and providing services contributes positively to human well-being in the long term. CSR contributes to society by enabling companies to satisfy the expectations of society and it also strengthens the likelihood that a society can achieve higher living standards and sustainable development as well.
Research on mobile solar photovoltaic station depending on orientation
Authors: Penjiyev AM , Astanov NG
Published: April 2024

The article provides the results of the calculations of the mathematical model (theoretical) and experimental studies of the volt-ampere and watt ampere characteristics of the regimes of the solar mobile photoelectric station, depending on internal and external factors, the degree of orientation and angle of the azimuth and zenith in the sun in the aris environment of Turkmenistan.
You Code It! Stage 2 Hypertension, Hematuria, and Edema
Authors:   American Academy of Pediatrics
Published: April 2024

This challenge scenario involves a nephrology consultation with a 9-year-old boy who presented to the emergency department (ED) with dark urine, fatigue, and eye swelling. Can you assign the appropriate diagnosis and procedure codes for the consultation?
You Code It! Answers: Stage 2 Hypertension, Hematuria, and Edema
Authors:   American Academy of Pediatrics
Published: April 2024

In this You Code It! challenge, a nephrologist is consulted by a hospitalist to provide advice on diagnosis and management of a patient presenting with symptoms of dark urine, fatigue, and eye swelling. Did you assign the correct codes?
AAP Pediatric Coding Newsletter
™ May 2024 Quiz (Online Exclusive)
Authors:   American Academy of Pediatrics
Published: April 2024

Quiz for AAPC Continuing Education Units
Los diagnósticos en la escuela, los profesionales de apoyo y la inclusión educativa. ¿Una relación compleja o riesgosa?
Authors: Iguacel Sonia C.
Published: April 2024

En este trabajo me propongo reflexionar acerca los procesos de atención a la diversidad del alumnado que se vienen desarrollando en la realidad educativa de las últimas décadas. Especial atención se presta al rol de los profesionales de apoyo en estos procesos, así como a sus actividades de evaluación y diagnóstico del aprendizaje, y al estudio de su impacto en las trayectorias educativas. Se realiza un rastreo de las estrategias de abordaje que se utilizan para responder a las características singulares de los sujetos, desde el inicio de la escolarización obligatoria hasta nuestros días, con el objeto de incluir las dimensiones histórica y política en el análisis para una comprensión más contextualizada e integral del tema que nos ocupa.
Introdução à lógica da medida segundo Hegel
Authors: Bavaresco Agemir , Iber Christian
Published: April 2024

A pesquisa trata de uma introdução à lógica da medida de Hegel. O objetivo é fornecer uma visão geral da terceira seção da Lógica do Ser: a Lógica da Medida. O problema é entender o porquê a unidade subjacente do ser é denominada de indiferença absoluta e como ela se diferencia da indiferença do ser puro? Em outras palavras, a indiferença absoluta é descrita como relação quantitativa inversa dos fatores de duas determinações qualitativas. Então, como essa contradição é dissolvida e, ao mesmo tempo, possibilita a passagem para a essência? Para explicitar esse problema, primeiramente, reconstruímos o desenvolvimento lógico da categoria da medida na terceira seção da Lógica do Ser; descrevemos a contradição da indiferença absoluta de duas qualidades como uma relação quantitativa inversa entre seus fatores. Depois, apresentamos a categoria da medida segundo a Enciclopédia. Há uma dupla transição na Lógica do Ser a partir da lógica da medida: da quantidade para a qualidade e da qualidade para a quantidade. A transição da medida para o sem medida e, deste, para a indiferença absoluta explicita a suprassunção de todas as determinidades qualitativas e quantitativas do ser.
Escenarios globales, hipótesis y tendencias de los flujos migratorios africanos en América Central (2010-2022)
Authors: Navarro Alvarado Guillermo Antonio
Published: April 2024

El siguiente artículo analiza las características y tendencias de los flujos migratorios africanos que transitan por América Central, problematizando las hipótesis consensuadas de su origen en América Latina, sus movilidades y tránsitos. Para ello se sistematizan y comparan una serie de datos estadísticos acerca de su tránsito por la región del Darién, una descripción de sus patrones de movilidad y la problematización de las hipótesis ante estos datos. La conclusión de este estudio refiere a una transformación de los regímenes migratorios regionales y del corredor migratorio Centroamericano, con la redefinición de su alcance geográfico, la implicación de tendencias y sistemas migratorios globales, y transformaciones en la política migratoria, enmarcadas en flujos migratorios africanos en crecimiento y diversificación.
Effect of a physical education program in early childhood education on the performance of fundamental movement skills based on teaching styles: divergent discovery and practical
Authors: Bartolo Daniela , Garbeloto Fernando , Ferraz Osvaldo
Published: April 2024

Background and Study Aim. Various proposals suggest that Physical Education classes (PE) should prioritize the development of fundamental movement skills (FMS), particularly in preschool children. Despite the crucial nature of mastering FMS, there is a paucity of evidence regarding the impact of PE classes on FMS development. The primary objective of this study is to investigate the effect of a physical education program on the performance of preschool students with varying levels of development in fundamental movement skills, employing divergent discovery and practical teaching styles.
Material and Methods. Seventy-seven children (35 boys), aged between 4.5 and 6 years were divided into three groups: Control Group (CG) with 25 participants, Divergent Discovery Group (DDG) with 24 participants, and Practice Group (PG) with 28 participants. The intervention program spanned six months, with two 50-minute classes per week for the experimental groups. Conversely, the control group participated in the Classroom Program proposal. All three groups underwent the TGMD-3 motor test. Performance measurement involved the sum of the raw score in the locomotor and object control classes.
Results. The findings revealed that the Control Group, Divergent Discovery Group, and Practice Group exhibited improved FMS performance from pre to post. Concerning intergroup differences, no significant disparities were observed in the pre-test. However, post-intervention results indicated that both the Divergent Discovery Group and Practice Group demonstrated superior FMS performance compared to the Control Group.
Conclusions. Physical Education classes for Early Childhood Education play a crucial role in fostering significant effects on children's motor development when offered in an appropriate context and through a systematically structured intervention.
Effects of a warm up integrated with core stability exercises on the motor abilities in young soccer players
Authors: Sannicandro Italo , Monacis Domenico , Colella Dario
Published: April 2024

Background and study aim. The warm-up phase in youth soccer can be used to introduce drills that do not find space within the training session. Core district exercises give stability to the trunk and hips, allowing for increased performance and reducing the risk of non-contact injuries. This study aims to test the effects of a warm up integrated with core stability exercises on the motor abilities in young soccer players. Material and methods. Young soccer players (n=32, 12.45±0.52 years, 1.49±0.05 m, 44±2.90 kg) were randomly divided into two groups: experimental (EG=17) and control group (CG=15). The EG performed an integrated warm-up with core stability tasks for 6 weeks (12 sessions). The CG followed the usual training schedule based on technical tactical and physical drills. Performance was assessed through broad jump, Hop test, Side Hop test, 10-meter sprint and 10x5-meter shuttle test. Results. Data analysis returns some statistically significant differences in intergroup comparison (T1): for broad jump (p = .008), for left limb Hop test (p = .02), for right limb Hop test (p = .02), for left limb Side Hop (p = .03), for right limb Side Hop (p = .04), for sprint 10-meters (p = .002), for shuttle run 10x5-meters (p = .03). Conclusions. The core stability exercises in the warm up seems to increase some performance correlated with the motor abilities stressed in the soccer. The warm up through appropriate modifications can represent, a useful and integrative moment to elicit more factors of performance and prevention.
Psychophysiological states of elite athletes after critical life events
Authors: Korobeinikova Ivanna , Kokun Oleg , Raab Markus , Korobeinikova Lesia , Korobeynikov Georgiy , Kostiuchenko Vasil , Aksutin Viktor , Dekha Nataliia
Published: April 2024

Background and Study Aim. Military conflicts are a stress factor that provokes negative changes in the mental state of people. But, how susceptible are athletes to post-traumatic disorders at the level of psychophysiological functions? The purpose is to study the psychophysiological state of the elite athletes after critical life events related to the war in Ukraine.
Material and Methods. Twelve elite female fencers, aged 18-23 years and members of the National Team of Ukraine, were examined. Their mental condition was assessed using the Lüscher color test, neurodynamic functions were evaluated with an anticipation test, cognitive characteristics through a decision-making test, and levels of anxiety were also measured. The psychophysiological state of the fencers was studied both before and after six months of the Russian military aggression against Ukraine.
Results. The results indicated changes in the mental state of fencers under military conditions. Six months after the onset of the war, elite fencers exhibited signs of mental stress and a decreased resistance to stress. According to the obtained results, during the war, athletes showed a predominance of excitation processes over inhibition processes. The study revealed a deterioration in performance on decision-making tests and a decreased ability to perceive visual information in fencers six months into the war. As a compensatory mechanism for the reduced ability to process visual stimuli under conditions of information overload, a decrease in impulsivity among fencers was observed. Research on anxiety demonstrated that, over the six months of war compared to peacetime, trait anxiety among athletes significantly increased.
Conclusions. Significant impacts of military actions on the psychophysiological state of elite athletes have been observed. This deterioration in mental state, along with decreases in neurodynamic and cognitive functions and an increase in personal anxiety levels, calls for the development and implementation of specialized psychological support programs. Such programs should aim to bolster athletes' resilience to stressful situations. The importance of accounting for psychophysiological aspects in the training of athletes within conflict zones is underscored, providing a basis for further research in this field.
Collaborative, responsive behavior in peer interaction
Authors: Eilertsen Lill-Johanne , Hjulstad Oddvar , Prochnow Romy Regina , Slettner Sigrun
Published: April 2024

Background: Interactive work with children who have unequal cognitive resources and unequal access to language can be challenging. This article explores the collaborative labor involved in establishing alignment between a child with Down syndrome in combination with hearing impairment (DS-HI) and a hearing peer without DS, during a shared interactive book reading activity in an inclusive educational setting. Method: Video recording of children in a naturally occurring, shared book reading activity is analyzed using conversation analysis. The recording took place in the children's school. Results: The situated shared book reading is regulated by interaction rules. A pattern of collaborative, responsive behavior where the children align to each other's initiatives is identified within these interaction rules. Discussion and conclusion: The shared book reading format has a scaffolding function in the interaction. The findings illustrate how a typically developing peer is able to align to the sensory and cognitive capacities displayed in the child with DS-HI, and how this facilitates co-created meaning-making in the interaction.
‘I just stopped pushing’
Authors: Savolainen Irina
Published: April 2024

Background: Previous studies have demonstrated that communication partner training is an effective means to alter the use of communication aids. Partners use many types of facilitative strategies and practices during aided interaction. Despite the study findings, communication aids are often unused, and communication partners feel that using them is challenging. Aim and method: This article describes the positive change that occurs in a mother's practices during aided conversation with her son after a video-based intervention. The research method is conversation analysis. Results: The analysis demonstrates how before the intervention, the mother pushed her son to use a speech-generating device, and how after the intervention she facilitated his use of the device by using it together with her son, and by positioning herself as an equal conversationalist who shared her thoughts. Conclusion: The results of this study contribute to a deeper understanding of different communication partner practices and offer new ideas for updating the general recommendations for facilitating aided conversations.
Neither Aerobic Interval nor Circuit Resistance Exercise Acutely Enhance Glucose Tolerance in Healthy, Young Adults
Authors: Braun William A. , Helwig Nathaniel , Armstrong W. Jeffrey
Published: April 2024

Physical activity and glycemic control are important factors in preventing chronic disease such as Type II diabetes. Glycemic control may be enhanced during recovery from acute exercise.OBJECTIVES To test the effects of resistance exercise (RT) vs. aerobic interval exercise (AER) on post-exercise blood glucose (BG) control during an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT).METHODS Ten volunteers completed three separate trials (counter-balanced order): a resting control trial (CON) consisting of a 75-min OGTT following consumption of a 25% glucose solution dosed at 1 g/kg body mass; a RT trial in which subjects completed a 30-min circuit protocol (6-7 sets) of 6 reps/set using 10-RM load for squat, bench press, knee extension and biceps curl; and the AER trial where subjects alternated between treadmill exercise (3 min) and arm crank ergometry (2-min) over a 30-min period (intensity target of 15 on the Borg 6-20 point Rating of Perceived Exertion scale). Both exercise trials were followed by the same 75-min OGTT. BG was assessed via fingertip sampling prior to exercise, mid-exercise, post-exercise, and every 15-min during the OGTT. Blood lactate was collected at rest, mid-exercise, post-exercise and at 15 min of the OGTT.RESULTS Both exercise trials elicited significantly increased lactate but were not different from one another. BG was significantly elevated during the OGTT for all conditions but was not different by condition. BG area under the curve (AUC) was 5.6% smaller (p>0.05) following RT and AER vs. CON (CON: 10687±381; RT: 10087±343; AER: 10093±299 arbitrary units).CONCLUSIONS Acute resistance and aerobic interval exercise were not found to elicit significantly enhanced post-exercise glycemic control. Post-exercise glycemic control may be related to the total energy deficit achieved in young, healthy adults.
The Analysis of the Risk of Metabolic Syndrome and Physical Activity Participation in Stroke Patients: The National Health and Nutrition Survey (8th, 2019-2021)
Authors: Choi Chulmin , Kim Eonho
Published: April 2024

OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study is to find out the correlation with the risk of metabolic syndrome in stroke patients using KNHNES data.METHODS The raw data from the 1st to 3rd years of the 8th National Health and Nutrition Survey (KNHANES) were used, and 290 stroke patients aged 60 or older (109 in 2019, 89 in 2020, 92 in 2021) were selected out of 22.559 participants. The average and standard deviation of the subjects' general characteristics were presented, the risk of stroke patients and metabolic syndrome and related variables were analyzed through Pearson’s correlation analysis(p<.05).RESULTS Men's fasting blood glucose was correlated with triglycerides (r=.175, p<.05), and HDL cholesterol was correlated with triglycerides (r=.-266, p<.05). Women's waist circumference was correlated with blood glucose (r=.321, p<.001), hypertension (r=.195, p<.05), and HDL cholesterol (r=.-205, p<.001). Fasting blood glucose was correlated with HDL cholesterol (r=.-265, p<.001) and triglyceride (r=.340, p<.001). HDL cholesterol was correlated with triglycerides (r=.-332, p<.001) and hypertension (r=.-195, p<.05).CONCLUSIONS In summary, the major independent factors for the risk of metabolic syndrome in stroke patients were triglyceride in men and fasting blood glucose and hypertension in women.
Effects of Blood Flow Restricted Resistance Exercise on Recovery Blood Flow under Various Environmental Temperature Conditions
Authors: Lee Yunbin , Son Somang , Yun Somi , Seo Yongsuk , Lee Dae Taek
Published: April 2024

OBJECTIVES This study examines the impact of blood flow restriction (BFR) resistance exercise on blood flow across varying environmental temperatures, aiming to understand the physiological responses, exercise function, and recovery process affected by temperature changes.METHODS Seven healthy males (age: 26.4±1.7 years, weight: 72.7±6.8 kg, height: 174.5±2.0 cm) participated in biceps brachii exercises with and without BFR under low (10°C/25% humidity), moderate (25°C/50% humidity), and high (40°C/50% humidity) environmental conditions. Each participant completed six sessions of exercise across these conditions to assess the recovery phase blood flow changes. Blood flow measurements were taken during the recovery phase for analysis.RESULTS Blood flow significantly increased in high-temperature conditions, independent of BFR application, showing notable differences compared to low-temperature conditions (p<.05).CONCLUSIONS Environmental temperature significantly affects blood flow changes during BFR resistance exercise, with increased blood flow in high temperatures indicating a physiological adaptation to thermal stress. This suggests the need to consider environmental temperatures in optimizing BFR exercise protocols.
A Comparative Study on Gender Differences in the Effects of Self-myofascial Release Using a Foam Roller on Soft Tissue Stiffness and Joint Range of Motion
Authors: Seon Se-Young , Lee Kwang-Jin , An Keun-Ok
Published: April 2024

OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to conduct a comparative analysis of gender differences in the acute effects of self-myofascial release (SMFR) using a foam roller on soft tissue stiffness and range of motion (ROM).METHODS Twenty-four participants, comprising 12 men and 12 women, were recruited from the M Exercise Center in Seoul. Soft tissue stiffness and ROM were measured before and after SMFR treatment to assess its acute effects.RESULTS Following SMFR application, no significant differences were observed in soft tissue stiffness or joint ROM among female participants. However, significant differences were observed in the male group regarding the range of motion (ROM) of plantar flexion in the prone position (p=.023) and dorsiflexion in the supine position (p=.001), as well as plantar flexion (p=.023). Covariance analysis comparing gender differences revealed significant variations between groups in the achilles tendon (p=.033) and medial side of the gastrocnemius muscle (p=.032). Apart from these findings, no significant differences were observed between genders in soft tissue stiffness and joint ROM.CONCLUSIONS Thus, two sets of 30-second SMFR sessions can be deemed sufficiently effective for increasing ankle joint ROM in males. However, further research is warranted to extend these findings to females. Given the inconclusive results regarding soft tissue stiffness across genders, future studies should explore this phenomenon with larger sample sizes.