bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Untersuchung der Sterbefälle in der Universitätsnervenklinik Frankfurt am Main während des Nationalsozialismus vor dem Hintergrund der „Euthanasie“
Authors:   , Vahle Albert
Published: January 2025

Während des Nationalsozialismus wurden im Rahmen der NS-Euthanasie“ etwa 300.000 vermeintlich psychisch kranke oder behinderte Menschen ermordet. Während die Beteiligung der damaligen Heil- und Pflegeanstalten (HPAs) vergleichsweise gut erforscht ist, geht man hingegen bei den Universitätsnervenkliniken (UNKs) von keinen „Euthanasie“-Morden aus. Jedoch liegen zu den meisten UNKs des damaligen Deutschen Reiches keine systematischen Arbeiten vor. Genauso für die UNK Frankfurt.
Diese Arbeit basiert auf den kürzlich erschlossenen Aufnahmebüchern der UNK Frankfurt und konnte erstmals die gesamte Mortalitätsrate für den Zeitraum 15.10.1930 – 31.12.1946 abbilden. Zusätzlich wurde für die gesamte Sterbefallkohorte aus diesem Zeitraum eine digitale Datenbank erstellt, mit der ergänzende Untersuchungen (Deskriptive Statistik und zeitliche Clusteruntersuchung) durchgeführt wurden. Als Ergebnis dieser Arbeit zeigte sich ein Mortalitätsratenanstieg an der UNK Frankfurt von 6,4 % im Vergleichszeitraum (1930 – 1938) auf 9,9 % im „Euthanasie“-Zeitraums (1940 – 1945). Vergleiche mit Datensätzen aus bekannten „Euthanasie“-HPAs mit häufig viel höheren und z. T. sprunghaft steigenden Mortalitätsraten lassen darauf schließen, dass zumindest systematische „Euthanasie“-Morde an der UNK Frankfurt nicht stattfanden. Die nachgewiesene Übersterblichkeit während des „Euthanasie“-Zeitraumes um durchschnittlich 3,5 % wird durch die Ergebnisse dieser Arbeit in einer Mischung aus einem bereits bei Aufnahme morbideren Patientenklientel sowie den sich kriegsbedingt verschlechternden Behandlungsbedingungen an der UNK Frankfurt erklärt.
Bemerkenswerte Funde dieser Arbeit stellen zum einen neue Erkenntnisse zum Zeitpunkt des Fliegerbombenschadens am UNK Frankfurt-Gebäude (womöglich erst Mitte Herbst 1944, statt wie bisher angenommen Ende März 1944) dar. Dies würde die Ende März 1944 stattgefundene „Eichbergverlegungsaktion“, im Zuge derer schätzungsweise 180 UNK-Patientinnen und -Patienten kurzzeitig in die HPA Eichberg gebracht wurden und die laut Karl Leonards Nachkriegsaussagen bereits damals selbst unter dem UNK-Ärztepersonal für ihre „Euthanasie“-Methoden berüchtigt war, in einem neuen Licht erscheinen lassen. Zum anderen wirft die erst 1944 eingerichteten UNK-Ausweichstelle Goddelau mit ihrer isolierten Mortalitätsrate in der letzten Kriegsperiode 1945 (01.01.1945 – 23.03.1945, = 33,3 %) weitere Fragen auf.
Am Beispiel der UNK Frankfurt fand erstmals eine umfassende Untersuchung einer Sterbefallkohorte an einer Universitätsnervenklinik des Deutschen Reiches für die NS-Zeit statt, um der Frage nach möglichen „Euthanasie“-Morden nachzugehen und als mögliche Vorlage für Folgeuntersuchungen für andere UNK-Standorte in Deutschland gelten zu können.
Charakterisierung des NKC-kodierten Rezeptors NKp65 und dessen Polymorphismen
Authors:   , Heller Julian
Published: January 2025

Der aktivierende Immunrezeptor NKp65 ist im humanen NK-Gen-Komplex (NKC) kodiert und wird spezifisch von einer Untergruppe der angeborenen Lymphozyten, den ILC3s, exprimiert. NKp65 interagiert funktionell mit dem genetisch gekoppelten Liganden KACL, der seinerseits spezifisch von Keratinozyten exprimiert wird. Im Rahmen dieser Arbeit wurden erstmalig Polymorphismen im NKp65 kodierenden KLRF2 Gen funktionell charakterisiert. Unter Verwendung von biophysikalischen Methoden wie Durchflusszytometrie und Oberflächenplasmonenresonanzspektroskopie sowie immunologischen Verfahren wie ELISA und Immunoblots konnten der Einfluss des NKp65 Polymorphismus rs576601 auf die Oberflächenexpression von NKp65, die Bindungskinetik gegenüber KACL sowie der Einfluss auf die proteolytische Abspaltung und die intrazelluläre Retention von NKp65 adressiert werden. Darüber hinaus konnte das „Shedding“ Motiv von NKp65 durch ortsspezifische Mutagenese lokalisiert werden. Der Polymorphismus rs576601 beschreibt den Austausch von Cytosin durch Adenin, was eine Substitution von Prolin durch Threonin an Aminosäureposition 131 in der Ektodomäne von NKp65 zur Folge hat. Die vorliegenden Experimente zeigen, dass NKp65 Thr131 im Vergleich zu NKp65 Pro131 weniger stark auf der Oberfläche von verschiedenen Zelllinien exprimiert ist. Hierfür ist die intrazelluläre Retention und nicht die proteolytische Abspaltung von NKp65 Thr131 verantwortlich. Darüber hinaus übt der Polymorphismus rs576601 einen signifikanten Einfluss auf die Bindungskinetik sowie Affinität gegenüber dem Liganden KACL aus. Auf funktionaler Ebene äußert sich die Kombination aus verringerter Oberflächenexpression und Affinität in einer deutlich reduzierten zellulären Zytotoxizität von NKp65 Thr131 Effektorzellen gegenüber KACL-exprimierenden Zielzellen, die einem CRISPR vermittelten KO des NKp65 kodierenden Gens KLRF2 gleichkam. Da KACL primär auf Keratinozyten exprimiert wird, könnte der Polymorphismus rs576601 bei der Modulation von Hauterkrankungen von Relevanz sein. Des Weiteren suggerieren die vorliegenden Daten, dass NKp65 neben der Vermittlung von zellulärer Zytotoxizität auch bei der Phagozytose von KACL exprimierenden Zielstrukturen involviert ist. Abschließend wurde die NKp65 vermittelte Aktivierung von CRISPR/Cas9-editierten NK92MI Zellen unter dem Einsatz von einer MACE Sequenzierung nach Stimulation mit dem α NKp65 mAk OMAR1 auf Transkriptebene analysiert. Hieraus resultiert ein komplexer Datensatz, der die differentielle Expression von mehr als eintausend Genen umfasst, die mit Hilfe der „ClueGo“ Software Erweiterung in „Cytoscape“ Umgebung interpretiert und als hypothetisches Modell illustriert werden konnte. Die Beteiligung von NKp65 bzw. der NKp65-Polymorphismen an der Entstehung und Modulation von Hauterkrankungen wie Psoriasis und Plattenepithelkarzinomen sollte in zukünftigen Studien untersucht werden.
Synthesis of polyethersulfone membranes with the addition of silver nitrate for water filter applications
Authors: Firdaus Aneka , Nasir Subriyer , Dani Rahma , Prasatya Iqbal Nova , Ismail Ahmad Fauzi , Othman Mohd Hafiz Dzarfan , Mataram Agung
Published: January 2025

Clean water is a fundamental need in human life. Clean water is becoming limited due to increasing population growth and pollution. On the other hand, environmental damage due to domestic and factory liquid waste disposal is also a factor that makes the scarcity of clean water sources. Water purification is essential to maintain the sustainability of human life. Polyethersulfone (PES) polymer-based membrane technology is one of the approaches used to overcome this problem. To be effective as a water filtration membrane, PES is added with Silver Nitrate (AgNO3) for antibacterial purposes and to reduce the fouling effect. This study looks at different concentrations of silver nitrate in increasing the flux of PES-based membranes. The method used was electric field treatment to modify the membrane surface. SEM results show that PES/AgN03 membranes PA1, PA2, and PA3 produce porous, smooth, thin, densely arranged structures with typical finger-like pore sub-structures that correspond to PES characteristics. While testing mechanical properties resulted in the membrane PA1 having a strength of 5.74206 MPa, PA2 with a tensile strength of 3.81310 MPa, and PA3 having a tensile strength of 3.07480 MPa showing that the increasing AgNo3 decreased the tensile strength of the membrane. The wettability of membranes ranging between 135.2°, 137.6°, and 140.4° implies that due to their hydrophilicity, PES/AgNo3 membranes absorb more contaminants and impurity particles. CWP testing showed that the membrane flux ranged from 3.88797 L.m-2.h-1.bar-1, 3.69523 L.m-2.h-1.bar-1, and 3.01345 L.m-2.h-1.bar-1. Based on the test results, PES membrane added with silver nitrate with accurate composition has potential in water filtration applications
Оценка гликемии и потребности в глюкозе у новорожденных детей во время оперативного вмешательства: проспективное клиническое исследование
Authors: Нассер М. М. , Жиркова Юлия Викторовна , Кучеров Ю. И. , Межевикина В. М.
Published: January 2025

INTRODUCTION: Despite numerous studies and the existence of many recommendations regarding infusion therapy in newborns, the need for subsidies and precise dosing of intraoperative glucose for children of the neonatal period has not been determined. OBJECTIVES: Analysis of the intraoperative glycemic profile in newborns and determination of the need for parenteral glucose subsidies during surgery in this category of patients. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study included 101 newborn children under 28 days of age with surgical diseases requiring surgical treatment in the neonatal period. The study was approved by the local ethics committee of the Russian National Research Medical University named after. N.I. Pirogov reference number 192 dated January 27, 2020. Demographic and clinical data were assessed using nonparametric statistics and presented as median values with interquartile ranges. Continuous variables were compared using one-way analysis of variance. RESULTS: In the absence of a planned subsidy of glucose intraoperatively, 74.5 % of children have hypoglycemia < 2.9 mmol/l, 55.3 % have blood sugar < 2.6 mmol/l, especially at the stages of intubation and skin incision. With planned titration of glucose at a dose of 2.3 mg/kg/min, hypoglycemia is recorded almost 2 times less often (40 % of children) (p = < 0.001), a third of children had hyperglycemia (16.7 %) and a hyperosmolar state (50 %). When glucose was administered at a dose of 1.15 mg/kg/min, more children had euglycemia of 55 %, p = 0.038. CONCLUSIONS: A statistically significant difference in glycemia during surgery in children was revealed depending on the intraoperative glucose supplement. The need of glucose is individual and depends on many factors.
Модуляция метаболизма микробиоты у кардиохирургических пациентов: рандомизированное контролируемое исследование
Authors: Грекова М. С. , Белобородова Н. В. , Паутова А. К. , Гринь О. О. , Кабанова Т. А. , Дымова О. В. , Еременко А. А. , Бабаев Максим Александрович
Published: January 2025

INTRODUCTION: Microbiota metabolism disturbance, assessed by the dynamics of clinically significant aromatic metabolites in the blood, plays an important role in the development of complications after cardiac surgery, which is the basis for the search for a new prevention strategy. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the feasibility of microbial metabolism modulation using antibiotics-inhibitors of protein synthesis in bacterial cell for prevention of infectious-inflammatory complications after cardiac surgery. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A randomized prospective interventional study was conducted, including patients (n = 58) who underwent planned surgical intervention on the heart and main vessels under artificial circulation and were divided into group I — main group — patients with microbial metabolism modulation using antibiotics-inhibitors of protein synthesis (n = 30), group II — control group — patients without microbial metabolism modulation (n = 28). Blood serum samples from patients were taken before surgery, on the 3rd and 6th days of the postoperative period, in which clinical blood parameters, biomarkers, and concentrations of clinically significant aromatic acids were determined. RESULTS: In groups I and II postoperative complications were observed in 6 and 8 patients, respectively. Groups I and II differed significantly in the frequency of pneumonia (0 vs. 5 patients, respectively, p = 0.016). The spectrum of microorganisms determined in group II was significantly wider. In group I there was a more significant decrease in 4-hydroxyphenylacetic acid (p-HPhAA) concentration between baseline and postoperative values on the 3rd and 6th day, compared to group II (p = 0.016 and p = 0.005, respectively). The sum of aromatic metabolites on the 3rd day and p-HPhAA on the 6th day had a good predictor significance in relation to the complication development (sensitivity 100 % in both cases; specificity 81.5 % and 92.6 %, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: Prophylactic use of antibiotics-inhibitors of microbial protein synthesis allows to reliably reduce the degree of microbiota metabolism dysfunction and the frequency of pneumonia development in the early postoperative period.
Modern view on the problem of therapy of recurrent polyposis rhinosinusitis, comparative study of the effectiveness of different monoclonal antibody preparations
Authors: Kryukov A. I. , Gurov A. V. , Fomina D. S. , Tovmasyan A. S. , Rabadanov G. K.
Published: January 2025

Introduction. The main methods of treatment of patients with chronic polyposis rhinosinusitis are surgical and conservative, despite the significant successes achieved in the treatment of the polyposis process, epidemiologic and clinical studies show that there is no complete control of this disease. Taking into account the pros and cons of the above-mentioned methods of treatment, it seems relevant for the scientific community to further search for new methods that will combine high efficacy and low probability of developing undesirable systemic manifestations. One of such methods is targeted biological therapy with the use of monoclonal antibodies.

Aim. To evaluate the efficacy of monoclonal antibodies in the therapy of patients with polyposis rhinosinusitis.

Materials and methods. The authors studied the outpatient records of 102 patients aged 20 to 87 years, in whose therapy monoclonal antibodies (dupilumab, omalizumab, mepolizumab) were used. All patients participating had concomitant pathology in the form of chronic recurrent polyposis rhinosinusitis with the main disease – bronchial asthma. The subjects were divided into 3 groups, in the treatment of which one of the monoclonal antibody preparations was used.

Results and discussion. Regression of the main symptoms of chronic polyposis rhinosinusitis (loss of sense of smell and taste, pain/pressure in the facial area, reduction of runny nose, mucus flowing down the posterior pharyngeal wall, nasal congestion) was observed in each of the 3 groups against the background of therapy with monoclonal antibodies. The effectiveness of the therapy was evaluated according to the results of endoscopic picture (Lund-Kennedy scale), CT picture (Lund-Mackay scale) and the data of subjective questionnaire SNOT-22.

Conclusion. The studied molecules showed efficacy in the therapy of chronic polyposis rhinosinusitis. However, dupilumab was the most preferable molecule, the use of which allows to achieve more pronounced regression of the main clinical symptomatology, to reduce the degree of recurrence of the polyposis process with the absence of the need for repeated surgical interventions, as well as allows to improve the quality of life of patients.
Perspectives for the use of morpholinium tiazotate as a pharmacotherapy for hepato-cardiac disorders
Authors: Prikhodko V. A. , Okovityi S. V.
Published: January 2025

Experimental, clinical, and epidemiological data suggest a strong connection between chronic liver disease and cardiovascular disease (CVD). Oxidative and nitrosative stress is a major pathogenetic mechanism shared between the two groups of diseases, which is the rationale behind the use of antioxidants in patients with comorbidities. This review presents a pharmacological profile and summarizes the evidence for the effectiveness and safety of morpholinium tiazotate, an antioxidant, endotheliumprotective, and antihypoxic agent, in patients with liver diseases, CVD, and combinations thereof. In vitro, morpholinium tiazotate scavenges reactive oxygen and nitrogen species, slows down the use of endogenous antioxidants, inhibits pro-inflammatory macrophage polarization and cell apoptosis. Experimental studies have found this drug to stabilize the nitroxidergic system and improve NO bioavailability to a greater extent than direct NO donors, and increase the effectiveness of energy production in ischemia via stimulating glycolysis and citric acid cycle, sustaining aerobic cellular respiration, and inhibiting fatty acid β-oxidation. The compound’s pleiotropic effects include the decrease in atherogenic serum lipid fraction levels, local and systemic inflammation, maintenance of cell membrane integrity, and desensitization of myocardial β adrenergic receptors to catecholamines. Clinical trials in CVD patients evidence that morpholinium tiazotate improves the electroand echocardiographic parameters, decreases the number and duration of ischemic episodes, frequency of cardiac arrhythmias, need for nitrate use, and physical exercise tolerance. In subjects with liver disease (non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, alcoholic liver disease), the drug reduces the symptoms of asthenia, decreases serum levels of cytolysis and cholestasis biomarkers, fatty liver index, and quantitative cardiovascular risk predictors. Current evidence supports the use of morpholinium tiazotate for the treatment of patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and cardiovascular comorbidities.
Association of genes CSK, MTHFR, АСЕ, ADRA2B, TCF7L2 with metabolic syndrome in indigenous and non-indigenous young residents of Western Siberia
Authors: Korneeva E. V. , Voevoda M. I. , Maksimov V. N. , Semaev S. E.
Published: January 2025

Introduction. Due to the negative trend of growth of cardiovascular and endocrine diseases among young people, the need to study the genes involved in the development of metabolic disorders is becoming urgent.

Aim. To study the prevalence of variants of genes CSK, MTHFR, ACE, ADRA2B, TCF7L2 and their association with metabolic syndrome in indigenous and non-indigenous men and women living in the Khanty-Mansiysk autonomous okrug – Yugra. Materials and methods. The study involved 863 people living in the city of Surgut and in the Surgut district of the KhantyMansiysk autonomous okrug – Yugra aged 18 to 44 years. The indigenous population (280 people) is represented by 76 men and 204 women, the non–indigenous population (583 people) is represented by 207 men and 376 women. The DNA of genes CSK, ACE, ADRA2B, MTHFR and TCF7L2 was isolated by polymerase chain reaction.

Results. It was found that among indigenous (khanty) and non-indigenous men and women there are some differences in the prevalence of alleles and genotypes of gene variants in comparison with the international GnomAD database (v.3.1), which is associated with the peculiarities of ethnic composition and environment. The association of the rs1799752 variant of the gene ACE with metabolic syndrome was found in non-indigenous people: in women with the genotype ID (p = 0.027), in men with the genotype DD (p = 0.019).

Conclusion. Thus, there were no statistically significant differences between indigenous and non-indigenous residents in the frequency of alleles and genotypes of variants rs1378942 of the gene CSK, rs1801133 of the gene MTHFR, rs1799752 of the gene ACE, rs28365031 of the gene ADRA2B and rs7903146 of the gene TCF7L2. In the group of non-indigenous residents, the presence of metabolic syndrome is more often associated with the carrier variant rs1799752 of the gene ACE. The research results can be used to develop individual approaches to treatment and prevention that take into account the genetic characteristics of each person.
Effectiveness of control of edema in patients with obesity and lymphedema after mastectomy using bioimpedancemetry
Authors: Konchugova T. V. , Apkhanova T. V. , Vasileva V. A. , Marchenkova L. A. , Kulchitskaya D. B. , Marfina T. V. , Mukhina A. A.
Published: January 2025

Introduction. Control of edema in obese patients with postmastectomy lymphedema is an important aspect of care for patients undergoing curative treatment for breast cancer. One effective and highly sensitive method for monitoring edema is bioimpedance measurement, which can be a useful tool for assessing tissue and fluid balance in such patients.

Aim. To study the feasibility of using bioimpedance analysis as a method to assess the efficacy of the anti-edema effects of physiotherapeutic treatment methods in patients with secondary lymphedema after mastectomy.

Materials and methods. In this review, a search for sources describing the effectiveness of the bioimpedanceometry method for controlling edema in patients with secondary lymphedema after mastectomy for breast cancer was carried out in several English text databases: PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Springer Link, and in the scientific electronic library elibrary.ru.

Results. After mastectomy, approximately 18% of patients undergoing radical treatment for breast cancer experience secondary lymphedema due to impaired lymphatic drainage of the upper extremity on the affected side as a result of lymph node removal. The development of lymphedema of the upper limb is accompanied by a significant decrease in the quality of life of patients and requires constant medical monitoring. Bioimpedansometry allows you to estimate the volume of fluid in the body and determine the presence of edema based on changes in the electrical resistance of tissues. In obese patients with lymphedema following mastectomy, this method may be particularly useful for early detection of subclinical limb lymphedema and evaluation of treatment effectiveness.

Conclusions. Thus, the use of bioimpedance measurements in the practice of oncologists and rehabilitation specialists can significantly facilitate the control of edema in patients with obesity and lymphedema after mastectomy. This method provides objective data on the state of fluid balance and allows the detection of edema in the early stages, which facilitates the earlier start of intensive non-pharmacological interventions to increase the effectiveness of postoperative rehabilitation and improve the quality of life of patients.
Features of management of patients with combined gastroesophageal reflux disease and irritable bowel syndrome
Authors: Pakhomova I. G. , Lelyakova A. A.
Published: January 2025

The course of Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), which is a widespread disease, is aggravated by a combination with other diseases, including functional pathology of the gastrointestinal tract, for example, functional dyspepsia or irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). This combination affects not only the clinical features of the disease, but also the effectiveness of GERD therapy, when there are cases of incomplete response to proton pump inhibitors (PPIs). And the doctor is faced with the choice of drugs for the complex treatment of GERD. For example, in the case of a combination of GERD and IBS in complex therapy, it is necessary to consider the use of antispasmodics or normokinetics. On the other hand, when prescribing this or that PPI, it is important to remember that these drugs themselves can affect the treatment response in patients with a combination of GERD and IBS, especially with diarrheal or mixed variants, since some patients may have a reaction to additional PPI components that are necessary for improvement bioavailability of the drug. Thus, the presence of sorbitol, mannitol, and lactose can aggravate the course of IBS, increasing the manifestations of diarrhea. The absence of these additives in the pantoprazole drug allows it to be prescribed for the correction of GERD in combination with IBS, regardless of the variant of the latter. This article will present a clinical example of a patient with a combined course of GERD and IBS, the mutually aggravating influence of both diseases not only from the point of view of patho genetic mechanisms, but also the influence of PPI pharmacotherapy, which is especially important in IBS with diarrhea. Approaches to therapy are considered, primarily the prescription of antisecretory therapy using pantoprazole as an example.
How to achieve a long-term remission in patients with chronic gastrointestinal diseases?
Authors: Minushkin O. N.
Published: January 2025

The article presents the main aspects of pharmacotherapy of patients with chronic gastrointestinal (GI) diseases. The overall goal of our research was to confirm the current paradigm, under which the remission of diseases is achieved by using pharmacotherapy and maintained with minimum doses of drugs. The achievement of this goal is considered on the example of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). A total of 140 patients were randomly selected and divided into three groups: Group 1 (60 patients with acid-dependent variant (ADV) of the disease) received PPIs at medium therapeutic doses for 8 weeks. It took on average 4 weeks of treatment to relieve clinical symptoms and 8 weeks of treatment to reverse morpho-endoscopic lesions on the esophageal mucosa. During the 36-week follow-up period without maintenance therapy, 5 patients (8.3%) remained in remission, while 55 patients (91.7%) had clinical and morphological exacerbations. Group 2 (60 patients with acid-independent variant (AIV)) received rebamipide (Rebagit) at a daily dose of 300 mg for 8 weeks. It took on average 4 weeks to relieve clinical symptoms and 8 weeks to reverse morpho-endoscopic lesions on the esophageal mucosa. During the 48-week follow-up period without maintenance therapy, 6 patients (10%) remained in remission, while 90% of patients had exacerbations. Without pharmacological support, exacerbation was observed in the majority of patients (91.7%) within 48 weeks. Therefore, the prescription of maintenance therapy was required. In Group 3, 10 patients with ADV received omeprazole at a dose of 10 mg per day for 8 weeks after completing the main therapy course; 10 patients with AIV received rebamipide at a dose of 100 mg per day within the same period. During the long-term (48 weeks) follow-up period, the disease exacerbation was identified only in a third of patients with both ADV and AID GERD, and it only manifested as clinical symptoms of the disease without morpho-endoscopic lesions on the esophageal mucosa. Most patients remained in stable remission.
Computational Investigations on Inhibitors of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Shikimate Kinase: Machine Learning, Docking, Molecular Dynamics and Free Energy Calculations
Authors: J. A. B. dos Santos Anderson , A. Netz Paulo
Published: January 2025

Shikimate kinase emerges as an intriguing macromolecular target for the development of
novel pharmaceutical agents for the treatment of tuberculosis. This study aimed to develop a
neural network (NN) for the discovery of potential inhibitors of Mycobacterium tuberculosis
shikimate kinase and to conduct molecular docking and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations.
The NN model pointed out to a set of 810 molecules with anti-tuberculosis activity, wherein 86%
of this set also demonstrated positive outcomes according to docking calculations. Among these,
54 molecules exhibited a docking score ranging from –9 to –9.8 kcal mol -1. Subsequently, a subset
of molecules was selected for molecular dynamics studies and molecular mechanics Poisson-
Boltzmann surface area (MM/PBSA) calculations. Furthermore, it was possible to assess that
the dataset with higher affinity shared a similar electronic profile, as evidenced by the analysis of
global descriptors (electronic chemical potential, hardness, and electrophilicity). The molecules
displaying the lowest Gibbs free energy (ΔG)binding values, therefore the highest affinity, were
identified as CHEMBL1229147, CHEMBL4095667, and CHEMBL120640.
Calibrating the Priestley–Taylor model for evapotranspiration across different substrate depths in green roofs
Authors: Xie Haowen , Wu Yawen , Randall Mark
Published: January 2025

This study aims to address a common issue in current research: the neglect of the calibrating model parameters when estimating evapotranspiration (ET) from green roofs (GRs) using the Priestley–Taylor model, with most studies limited to a single substrate depth (SD). To overcome this limitation, this research improves the accuracy of ET estimation for different SDs on GRs by calibrating the Priestley–Taylor coefficient α. The study period was 692 days in total, from 25 April 2021 to 26 April 2023. Daily ET data from the outdoor GR experimental group were used to calibrate and validate the model. Uncalibrated models perform well for medium SDs (150 mm) but decline for deeper (300 mm) or shallower (50 mm) ones. NSGA-II optimization significantly improved model performance across all SDs, notably at 300 mm. The research underscores the importance of parameter calibration for water management in GRs and sets a foundation for future research on optimizing water retention and regulation functions in GRs.
Multiomics Integration for Identifying Treatment Targets, Drug Development, and Diagnostic Designs in PAH
Authors: Reem El Kabbout , Antonella Abi Sleimen , Olivier Boucherat , Sebastien Bonnet , Steeve Provencher , Francois Potus
Published: January 2025

Unraveling the complexities of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is challenging due to its multifaceted nature, encompassing molecular, cellular, tissue, and organ-level alterations. The advent of omics technologies, including genomics, ­epigenomics, transcriptomics, metabolomics, and proteomics, has generated a vast array of public and nonpublic datasets from both humans and model organisms, opening new avenues for understanding PAH. However, the insights provided by individual omics datasets into the molecular mechanisms of PAH are inherently limited. In response, efforts are increasing to develop integrative omics approaches designed to synthesize multidimensional omics data into a cohesive understanding of the molecular dynamics of PAH. In this review, we discuss various strategies for integrating multiomic data and illustrate their application in PAH research. We explore the challenges encountered and the profound potential of leveraging omics data for comprehensive molecular insight as well as for the identification of novel therapeutic targets and biomarkers specific to PAH. Furthermore, in this review, we seek to elucidate the process and rationale behind conducting integrative omics studies in PAH, raising critical questions about the feasibility and future prospects of multiomic integration in unraveling the complexities of this disease.
Indicadores morfofisiopatológicos em rebanhos ovinos da raça morada nova
Authors:   , Ferreira Josiel Borges
Published: January 2025

A raça Morada Nova é amplamente distribuída na região Nordeste do Brasil além de representar um patrimônio local desta região. Entretanto, os rebanhos efetivos da raça estão diminuídos, por fatores relacionados à grande substituição desses animais por ovinos especializados para a pecuária de corte, entraves nos programas de melhoramento genético, além dos impactos produtivos e econômicos, ocasionados pelas enfermidades que acometem os rebanhos da raça. As parasitoses gastrointestinais, principalmente por nematóides, representam-se como uma das principais problemáticas nos sistemas de produção de ruminantes. O seu impacto, traduz a situação em perdas econômicas, que se associam à perda de peso, redução do consumo de alimento, diminuição de taxas de fertilidade e até mesmo a mortalidade dos animais. Com isso, o objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar a sazonalidade endoparasitária e as medidas de desempenho em ovinos da raça Morada Nova, bem como, associar estas variáveis para construção de um Índice de Sanidade e Produção Animal utilizado na ovinocultura. Quatro rebanhos foram avaliados durante os meses de Março, Junho, Setembro e Dezembro, quanto as suas características de sanidade e produção, através de medidas parasitológicas, exames sanguíneos e medidas de desempenho. A dissertação é composta por três capítulos: (I) Referencial teórico, percorrendo assuntos voltados a caracterização dos sistemas produtivos do semiárido, a importância dos recursos zoogenéticos e os marcadores de resistência aos endoparasitas; (II) Uma avaliação das medidas parasitológicas gastrointestinais, sanguíneas e de desempenho dos ovinos da raça Morada Nova ao longo dos meses; (III) A construção de um Índice de Sanidade e Produção Animal para os ovinos. Com este estudo, observou-se que, os meses de Março e Junho apresentaram maiores fatores de risco para a saúde dos ovinos da raça Morada Nova, criados em região semiárida, atribuída ao fato de que os animais, apesar de apresentar um grau adaptativo elevado, sofrem com a alta carga endoparasitária, que normalmente é identificada neste período. A construção do Índice de Sanidade e Produção Animal (ISPA), encontrado nesta dissertação, servirá como base para outras raças e espécies, e fornecerá informações úteis para o manejo dos sistemas de produção de ruminantes.
Aproveitamento do resíduo do processamento do camarão (litopenaeus vannamei) no desenvolvimento de um novo produto
Authors:   , Santos Júnior Josue dos
Published: January 2025

O objetivo desse estudo foi desenvolver um subproduto (farinha) a partir do resíduo do
processamento do camarão (Litopenaeus vannamei) e a partir da farinha utilizá-la como
ingrediente no desenvolvimento de novos produtos (farinha saborizante e biscoito sabor
camarão). Análise de composição centesimal (umidade, proteína, lipídios e cinzas),
microbiológica (coliformes termotolerantes a 45°C; pesquisa de Salmonella sp., Estafilococos
coagulase positiva, bolores e leveduras), foram conduzidas para as amostras do resíduo,
farinha e produtos. Os produtos (farinha saborizante e biscoito sabor camarão) também foram
avaliados sensorialmente (Teste de Aceitação Global e Teste de Escala de Atitude), e depois
embalados em atmosfera modificada (100% N2), armazenados por 180 dias em temperatura
ambiente controlada (25±1°C) para avaliação da vida de prateleira. A análise microbiológica
do resíduo, da farinha e dos produtos estavam dentro dos limites da legislação, confirmando
os cuidados, higiênico-sanitários durante o processamento. Dentre os componentes da
composição centesimal dos produtos desenvolvidos, o destaque foi para o teor proteico
(40,13% - farinha saborizante; e 20,52% - biscoito). O índice de aceitabilidade dos produtos
foram 72,6% (farinha saborizante) e 83,3% (biscoito). Os resultados do estudo de vida de
prateleira demonstraram estabilidade físico-química e microbiológica ao longo dos 180 dias
de armazenamento. Os resultados demonstraram que o resíduo do processamento do camarão
Litopenaeus vannamei pode ser aproveitado como ingrediente em novos produtos
alimentícios.
Uso do plasma não térmico na vida de prateleira do camarão branco (litopenaeus vannamei, boone 1931)
Authors:   , Figueiredo Julianna Paula do Vale
Published: January 2025

O pescado é um alimento que se deteriora facilmente, devendo ser bem manipulado, conservado e armazenado. Para isso, é considerável o uso de novas tecnologias afim de manter suas características sensoriais e nutricionais, de preferência livre do uso de aditivos químicos. Isso pode ser observado com a utilização de tecnologias limpas (como embalagem em atmosfera modificada, ozônio e radiação UV) e o plasma não térmico, que tem demonstrado aplicabilidade satisfatória no tratamento antimicrobiano, com um futuro promissor na indústria alimentícia. Assim, objetivou-se avaliar a qualidade química (nitrogênio de bases voláteis totais, nitrogênio de trimetilamina e substâncias reativas ao ácido 2-tiubarbitúrico), física (pH, coloração, perda de peso na cocção, capacidade de retenção de água e força de cisalhamento), microbiológica (mesófilas, psicrotróficas e salmonella sp) e sensorial (método do índice de qualidade - MIQ) do camarão branco (Litopenaeus vannamei), inteiro, fresco, submetido ao tratamento com plasma não térmico, em diferentes frequências, na conservação do mesmo. Para isso, foram divididos 4 grupos amostrais sendo um controle e os demais grupos submetidos ao plasma frio às frequências de 5, 10 e 15 MHz, durante 10 minutos de aplicação. Em seguida foi avaliado o efeito da utilização do plasma não térmico, sobre as características microbiológicas, físico-químicas e sensoriais. O grupo submetido ao plasma não térmico contribuiu significativamente na manutenção da qualidade do camarão durante o armazenamento, retardando o processo de melanização, o crescimento microbiano, melhorando as qualidades físico-químicas e sensoriais das amostras. A exposição do camarão branco (Litopenaeus vannamei) ao plasma não térmico sob frequência de 15 MHz promoveu melhores resultados nas qualidades física, química, microbiológica e sensorial (comprovada por meio do MIQ), aumentando a vida de prateleira das amostras em 5 dias, sugerindo que o tratamento é eficaz na manutenção da qualidade do camarão.
Revolutionizing Oral Cancer Care: The Therapeutic Potential of
Coenzyme Q10 and Balanced Trace Metals
Authors: Baloch Saeeda Rind , Memon Ayaz Ali , Khan Wasid Ullah , Sanjrani Manzoor Ahmed , shah Komal
Published: January 2025

Aims:

This case-control study compared the concentrations of coenzyme Q10 in plasma
and various trace elements from serum isolated from a patient with oral cancer to those of healthy
people

Background:

Oral cancer is a severe and progressive disease related to metabolic disorders and oxidative stress challenges. Impaired in CoQ10, an essential component of the mitochondrial electron
transport chain antioxidant. CoQ10, a major scavenger of free radicals, protects mitochondria against
oxidative stress. Trace elements, such as Na+
, Fe2+, Zn, and Ca2+, are also crucial regarding physiological functions and normal metabolic pathways, including cancer hallmarks.

Objectives:

The study aimed to assess CoQ10 and trace metals in patients with oral cancer at various
stages and compare them with healthy subjects. The current study deals with metabolic alterations
that occur as oral cancer grows to enhance knowledge and potential therapeutic intervention paths.

Methods:

Analysis of CoQ10 and trace element: HPLC-DAD Metal concentrations in serum were
measured using ICP-OES). 55 oral cancer patients and 30 healthy individuals were recruited for
blood collection. The patients were diagnosed as T1N1, T2N2 PT3 N1M8, and T4N. Study duration
2 months. Which includes patients' sex, age, habits, diet, physical characteristics, race, habits, and
chronic illness.

Results:

As cancer stages increased, CoQ10 levels continuously decreased from 0.5-1.26 mg/L from
stage I to 0.6-2.8 mg/L to stage IV. Eight different trace elements, Na+
, Fe2+, Zn+, and Ca2+, have
levels across different stages of cancer with no discernible change. In healthy individuals, the CoQ10
level changed from 1.43 to 1.67 mg/L, showing age decline.

Conclusions:

This study is the first to report a statistically significant reduction in CoQ10 levels
related to the stages of oral cancer. In contrast, trace metal levels were kept almost constant. The
findings conclude that the observed CoQ10-associated defects or deficiencies in oral cancer patients
help to explain a potential cause of metabolic changes relevant to carcinogenesis. These insights are
probably potential therapeutic targets for the manipulation of CoQ10 levels and support from supplements retention/balance essential metals, such as cancer care.
Role of Liposomes in the Treatment of Neurodegenerative Disorders: A Comprehensive Review
Authors: Garg Nitika , Dhankhar Sanchit , Dhariya Ankush , Parkash Chander , Chauhan Samrat , Singh Thakur Gurjeet
Published: January 2025

The complex etiology and limited therapy options of neurodegenerative illnesses pose
daunting challenges to modern medicine. Nonetheless, novel treatment approaches have exciting
new possibilities because of developments in nanotechnology. Liposomes have garnered a lot of
interest as a potential treatment for neurological illnesses due to the fact that they are able to adapt
to their role as nanocarriers. This review article discusses various uses of liposomes, including
their ability to help treat neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, and Huntington's
disease, as well as their diagnostic and neuroprotective uses. Liposomes allow for the targeted
delivery of medicines to specific brain areas with minimal systemic side effects since they
encapsulate and carry therapeutic molecules across the blood-brain barrier. Due to the fact that
they are biocompatible, have surface features that can be adjusted, and have the ability to co-deliver
many drugs, liposomes are excellent candidates for combination therapy and personalized
medicine procedures. In spite of this, there is a growing body of research that suggests liposomes
could serve as a versatile platform for the improvement of neurodegenerative disease treatment.
This is a positive sign for the future results of patients and their quality of life.
Low-dose Systemic Tissue-type-plasminogen-activator Compared to Conventional
Anti-coagulation for the Treatment of Intermediate-high Risk
Pulmonary Embolism
Authors: Rosa Alan De la , Murguia Adrian Rojas , Brockman Michael J , Mukherjee Debabrata , Rajachandran Manu , Nickel Nils P
Published: January 2025

Background:

Pulmonary embolism (PE) is a frequent cause of death. Acute PE may be
treated either with full anticoagulation (AC) alone or thrombolytic therapy with systemic tissue--
type-plasminogen-activator (tPA) based on risk assessment. Currently, AC is the standard of care
for most patients with intermediate-high-risk PE, with low-dose tPA emerging as an effective alternative.
However, studies directly comparing the efficacy and safety of low-dose tPA to AC are
lacking in this patient population.

Objective:

The aim of this study was to retrospectively compare the efficacy and safety of low--
dose tPA, compared to AC alone in right ventricular function and in-hospital mortality and bleeding
complications in patients presenting with intermediate-high risk PE.

Methods:

This is a single-center, retrospective cohort trial conducted at a university hospital. A total
of 148 patients were screened, and 88 patients qualified for this study. The primary endpoints
were changes in right ventricular function on echocardiogram in 24 hours, in-hospital mortality,
and major bleeding complications.

Results:

Eighty-eight consecutive patients with intermediate high-risk PE were included. Twenty-
six patients (29.5%) received low-dose systemic tPA administered via intravenous infusion,
and 62 patients (70.4%) received standard full-dose anticoagulation. There were no significant differences
in baseline vital signs or PESI scores between the low-dose tPA and the AC group. Patients
in the low-dose tPA group had worse RV function and higher troponin levels at baseline but
showed significant improvement in all RV parameters assessed during the 24-hour follow-up. In
comparison, there was no significant improvement in RV function in the AC group. There were
more bleeding events in the AC group. LOS was shorter in the low-dose tPA group.

Conclusion:

Treatment with low-dose prolonged infusion of tPA may be an effective and safe
therapy in patients with intermediate-risk PE. Compared to AC, low-dose tPA was effective in decreasing
PASP and restoration of RV function.
A State-Of-Art Review on One-Step Microwave Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles and their Biological Applications
Authors: R. Venkataraghavan , K. Chithra , J. Sreeram K.
Published: January 2025

Silver-based nanoparticles (AgNps) have recently gained traction for versatile applications
in biotechnology. However, selecting the suitable synthesis method remains a challenge, as
current techniques often suffer from slow reaction rates, high costs, low efficacy, and limited reproducibility.
Therefore, it is deemed necessary to choose a method that will offer furtherance of the
current technologies to address these drawbacks. One promising approach is microwave (MW) irradiation,
which is a one-step, simple, cost-effective, reproducible, and sustainable than conventional
methods. MW irradiation enables the rapid formation of highly stable nanoparticles as small
as ~2 nm, achieving energy savings of up to 70%. Additionally, using biological agents as reducing
agents in MW-assisted synthesis promotes an eco-friendly, low-cost, and straightforward approach.
This critical review presents the mechanism behind various biological applications and their efficiencies,
anticipating research toward synthesizing high-quality nanoparticles. It encourages adapting
the use of MW technology for the facile synthesis of high-quality metal and metal oxide nanoparticles,
providing a new way for sustainable applications.
A Qualitative Study of Migrant Family Experiences during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Spain
Authors: Andrade Alejandra Salazar , Roca Josefina Sala , Pérez Sara Rodríguez
Published: January 2025

Background

The COVID-19 pandemic stemming from the global contagion of the respiratory virus first identified in 2019, now ongoing for four years, impacted the world in different ways that are important to understand for its short and long-term mental health risks. This study aims to examine the experiences of migrant families in Spain as a vulnerable cluster, identifying the characteristics under which they had to adapt in Spain, affecting their psychological well-being.

Methods

This research used a qualitative research design to explore the experiences of the families during the pandemic, during closures, and after the quarantine was lifted in Spain. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with a child and a parent of 17 migrant families.

Results

The key themes that emerged from the interviews with this sample’s experiences regarding their life during the pandemic were social isolation, routine interruption, economic difficulties, and bureaucratic obstacles that ensued from public health restrictions. This indicated potential risks to the families’ psychological well-being and their mental health by increasing stress and removing or reducing access to social support systems within the neighborhood they settled in postmigration, limiting the study due to the unique set of characteristics this sample faced.

Conclusion

The COVID-19 pandemic added to existing challenges relating to local migration, increasing risk factors for migrant’s mental health, removing protective factors they sought in migrating to Spain, and complicating their post-migration adaptation by influencing their legal paperwork applications, children's schooling, employment, housing, language acquisition, and cultural integration.
Culturo-Techno-Contextual Approach: Sample Implementation Steps for Teaching Socioscientific Issues
Authors: Tekin Nurcan , Aslan Oktay
Published: January 2025

The current study aims to evaluate, conceptualize, and provide a sample implementation of the culturo-techno-contextual approach (CTCA) on the basis of artificial intelligence as a socioscientific issue in teaching culture-based issues in science education. CTCA is a new approach with a conceptual history of ten years in which culture, technology, and context are handled together. A sample implementation process was created for this approach, which may be suitable for the teaching of other socioscientific issues (SSIs). It is hoped that this sample implementation will provide a guiding framework for researchers in the teaching of SSIs, which have an important place in science education. In the study, the implementation steps are named to make it more usable for researchers. As CTCA is still a relatively new approach, it is recommended that readers critically read these steps and detect possible shortcomings in the given sample implementation and address them in new studies, if any.