bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Eagle Ford and Pimienta Shales in Mexico: A Case Study
Authors: Cruz Marcela , Aguilera Roberto
Published: February 2018

The objective of this paper is to highlight the potential of the Eagle Ford (Cretaceous) and Pimienta (Upper Jurassic) shales in Burgos basin (Mexico) through a comparison with the Eagle Ford shale in Texas. The comparison is a case study focused on real data and their interpretation, north and south of the border, including geochemistry, geology, production, and reservoir engineering data.

The overall approach includes the description of Eagle Ford data in Texas, as well as Eagle Ford and Pimienta data in Burgos basin. The geologic comparison is carried out with the use of cross sections of the various formations and geophysical data. Geochemical and petrophysical data are compared with the use of specialized crossplots. Production data are compared through rate transient analysis and by investigating the different flow periods observed in wells in both sides of the border. Reservoir engineering aspects are compared with the use of material balance methods developed specifically for the case of multiporosity shale petroleum reservoirs.

Results indicate that there are many similarities but also some discrepancies between the Eagle Ford shale in Texas and shales in Mexico. The geologic and seismic cross sections show that there is continuity of the Eagle Ford in both sides of the border. However, structural geology in Mexico tends to be more complex than in Texas. The geologic and geochemistry descriptions also show important similarities in the rock mineralogy, and the quantity, quality and maturity of the organic matter. Well log data show the same pattern distribution on modified Pickett plots developed originally for evaluation of the Eagle ford shale in Texas. Shales production data in the Burgos basin are characterized by very long periods (several months or even years) of transient linear flow, something that compares well with the Eagle Ford in Texas. Specialized material balance calculations, which consider multiple porosities, have been used in the Eagle Ford shale in Texas and are shown to have similar application in the Burgos Eagle Ford and Pimienta shales. Based on the Eagle Ford shale performance in Texas, and the similarities with Burgos shales, the conclusion is reached that there is significant potential in the Mexican Eagle Ford and Pimienta shales.

The novelty of the paper is that it presents a comparison of the interpretation of real geoscience and engineering shale data collected in both sides of the border. The comparison is meaningful and suggests that the potential of shale reservoirs south of the border will be quite significant. Playing its cards right, Mexico should benefit from the good, the bad and the ugly learned in the Texas Eagle Ford.
Evaluating the Impact of Mechanical Properties of Kerogen on Hydraulic Fracturing of Organic Rich Formations
Authors: Khatibi Seyedalireza , Aghajanpour Azadeh , Ostadhassan Mehdi , Ghanbari Ebrahim , Amirian Ehsan , Mohammed Rehanali
Published: February 2018

Kerogen as one the main constituents of mud rocks is not thoroughly understood in terms of its mechanical characteristics. Kerogen is not as stiff as inorganic minerals within the rock matrix, but it can have a significant impact on the propagation of fractures. This becomes more important in organic rich shale reservoirs. In this study, first we proposed a fast method to predict mechanical properties of kerogen using Raman spectroscopy, which is a function of its molecular structure and chemical compounds, and then incorporated the results in hydraulic fracturing simulation. FLAC software was used to simulate opening of a fracture in the shaly and kerogen rich members of the Bakken formation. Then results were compared with a shale simple model missing organic matter properties. Results showed organic matter mechanical characteristics affects the hydraulic fracturing simulation by having faster fracture closure and requiring more fracing volume to achieve a specified fracture length compared to the simple model. The proposed method of using Raman spectroscopy can be used to make a profile of mechanical properties of organic matter and then be used in hydraulic fracturing simulation to optimize the operation.
On Estimating Irreducible Water Saturation in Tight Formations Using Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Relaxometry
Authors: Solatpour Razieh , Bryan Jonathan Luke , Kantzas Apostolos
Published: February 2018

Most of the Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) log based permeability models require the estimation of the irreducible water saturation (Swirr). Several methods are available for calculating this parameter using NMR relaxometry. The most straightforward method with the lowest accuracy is to consider a fixed relaxation time (T2) value. It has been suggested to use a T2-cutoff equal to 10 ms for tight reservoirs. Another traditional experimental method involves centrifuging core plugs to Swirr. In this paper, an additional approach to separate free and bound water using NMR relaxation time is introduced. This method involves the area under the amplitude-T2 relaxation time graph.

A series of experiments were conducted on 81 core plugs. These samples are mainly from the Western Canadian Sedimentary Basin. Core plugs are from Montney, Nordegg, Mist Mountain, Red Beds, Doig, Killam, Lathom, York River, Wapiti, Teslimkoy, Kesan, and Ordivician Quartz formations. NMR measurements were obtained initially on the dry cores to establish the presence of any liquids that were not cleaned or any isolated porosity. The air permeability was measured using an in-house permeameter. The cores were then brine saturated in two steps of spontaneous imbibition followed by forced imbibition under vacuum. The Archimedes principle was used to measure the sample pore volumes. Porosity was subsequently calculated. NMR relaxation data were then acquired on the brine-saturated cores. Then the core plugs were centrifuged under air to an expected irreducible saturation. NMR relaxation times were obtained on all cores at Swirr.

NMR porosity, T2gm, Irreducible Bulk Volume (BVI), and Free Fluid Index (FFI) were calculated. Swirr was calculated with the three aforementioned methods. Excel Visual Basic for Applications (VBA) programming language was employed for analyzing the relaxation times. The Timur-Coates model was applied for permeability calculation using all the aforementioned Swirr estimation methods. Data were analyzed, and discrepancy analysis was conducted.

The implemented area analysis method has been used previously in reservoir typing based on formation types and also as a factor in one permeability model. However, this is the first time this approach is used in calculating FFI/BVI exclusively. This method is faster than conventional estimators, and it is the only method that can implement Timur-Coates based permeability models for logging tools. From the experimental point of view, only a single NMR measurement is needed. Centrifuging the cores is not necessary. The possibility of cracking these cores due to spinning is eliminated. This new approach is less computationally demanding, and calculations are easier to perform. It is proven that the fast peak area method is more accurate than the fixed T2-cuttoff and in some cases the centrifuge method.
Wettability and Capillary Imbibition in Shales; Analytical and Data-Driven Analysis
Authors: Mohammadmoradi Peyman , Kantzas Apostolos
Published: February 2018

A semi-analytical formulation of the spontaneous capillary imbibition is used to analyze the liquid intake of six shale samples, linking imbibition capacity and rate to lab-scale measurements. Moreover, a data-driven approach is utilized to examine the effect of mineralogy and porosity on the macroscale wettability of shales. According to the results, the presence of connected organic sub-layers lowers the destructive impacts of spontaneous water imbibition on hydrocarbon permeability. Furthermore, the intrinsic permeability, tortuosity, wettability, and initial and residual saturations are among the most influential factors influencing the water uptake during shut-in periods after hydraulic fracturing operations.
Real-Time Completion Optimization of Fracture Treatment Using Commonly Available Surface Drilling and Fracing Data
Authors: Paryani Mohit , Sia Djamel , Mistry Bhavina , Fairchild Drew , Ouenes Ahmed
Published: February 2018

The objective of optimizing a fracture design is to spend the least amount of money and get the most productivity out of the reservoir by stimulating and contacting as much reservoir rock as possible. This paper presents a unique workflow that addresses in real-time the challenges of perforation and fracture treatment design while accounting for the lithologic and stress variability along the wellbore and its surroundings.

The workflow captures the variability of the stresses and elastic properties along the wellbore by leveraging commonly available surface drilling data and correcting for the frictional losses to estimate the energy spent at the bit in breaking the rock. Immediately after the drilling is completed, the estimated variability of the rock properties along the wellbore is used to design the cluster spacing in a way that ensures perforations are placed in rock with similar treating pressures, improving cluster efficiency. These variable geomechanical logs and minimum stresses derived from surface drilling data are used to model the optimal asymmetric frac design and its resulting geometry. Fracture pressure analysis is done where the modeled surface-treating pressures are calibrated with the observed surface-treating pressures to accurately model the fracture geometry and capture the proppant distribution.

Based on the results of the job pumped, the goal is to provide, in real time, actionable recommendations by performing sensitivity analysis of various fracing parameters that will affect the stimulated reservoir volume and the ultimate recoveries. An analytical tri-linear production forecasting model provides realistic EURs for different fracture design treatments while capturing the physics and honoring the field measured data. Lastly, a detailed economic analysis of the proposed solutions gives the final insight of the dollar value per barrel of equivalent oil produced. The workflow was successfully applied to many wells ultimately improving the IP while minimizing the costs associated with the overall job.

The workflow uses commonly available drilling data to characterize the rock properties which are then used to engineer a completion design on the fly without any increase in associated costs. It also utilizes the treatment pressure data to accurately model the fracture geometry along with providing the sensitive parameters that help overcome the fracing barriers. The implementation of this workflow in realtime serves as a reference tool and guides the field engineers to efficiently stimulate and develop an unconventional reservoir in the most economical way.
Case Study of Time-Based Stress Shadow Influences on New Well Fracture Propagation Patterns in the Montney
Authors: Peterson Neil , Ouenes Ahmed , Ng Matthew , Hughes Randy , Hlidek Barry , Aimene Yamina , Khodabakhshnejad Arman , Li Xiaopeng
Published: February 2018

Research on stress shadows between stages and wells has provided new elements for understanding how the initial stress state in the subsurface is altered by the creation of hydraulic fractures. Furthermore, variations in pore pressure and the presence of faults and natural fractures are key factors contributing to heterogeneous initial stress conditions that ultimately influence fracture propagation patterns. In this case study, time-based poroelastic and viscoelastic approaches are used to quantify lateral stress gradients between wells and analyze stress shadow interactions at the stage-to-stage scale observed during completion of two Upper Montney siltstone wells.

Utilizing interpreted microseismic data and offset well pressure monitoring data recorded during continuous-pumping completions of the two wells, a fault and pore pressure constrained poroelastic stress and relaxation model is derived. This model is used to map local modification of the initial stress state along parallel Upper Montney laterals. Initial stress conditions and stress shadow influences on observed fracture propagation patterns in the second well at multiple points during the completion is then used to determine dynamic, reservoir specific stress state modification characteristics as a function of time.

Microseismic data from the two wells showed preferential fracture growth toward a fault identified in the seismic volume and an existing production Well 1. Well 2 situated closest to the fault and the existing producer Well 1, showed a modal fracture growth bias to the southwest, towards Well 1. Well 3, situated furthest from the fault and existing producer exhibited a bimodal fracture propagation direction. The initial southwesterly propagation bias repeatedly alternated to the northeast, away from the low stress envelope caused by the fault and existing producer. Based on the initial conditions and the unique fracture propagation patterns in the two wells, lateral stress variation is mapped and modeled using poroelasticity. To better understand the short-term stress relaxation effects on fracture propagation and the phenomenon of repeated asymmetric growth on either side of Well 3 (NE-SW-NE-SW…), a viscoelastic model is used to quantify the impact of stress shadowing and various relaxation times on fracture propagation.

These observations led to the conclusions that the initial stress state is locally modified during hydraulic fracturing operations and that the stress disturbance caused by the depletion in one compartment around the existing production well continues to affect the stress conditions over significant distances, even in hydraulically disconnected reservoir compartments. This in turn affects the stimulation patterns of recently completed wells.
Predicting Economic Value in Unexplored Regions of an Unconventional Liquids Rich Play
Authors: Yip J. , Miller P. , Branter T.
Published: February 2018

A requirement for appraisal of unconventional resource plays is the development of type wells: predictions of production results for future wells drilled within geologic subsets (areas with relatively homogeneous reservoir properties). Unfortunately, evaluators typically have a limited sample of wells available, so while the subset may be considered relatively homogeneous, the full range of reservoir properties may not have been sampled. Unconventional plays also have gradational changes in reservoir properties, so defining a "homogeneous" geologic subset implies an averaging of these gradients. This paper presents a workflow to deal with these issues. In this workflow, type wells are modified to account for the expected productivity difference between a sampled region and an unexplored region of a given area of interest. Since well productivity and key inputs (e.g. completion design, reservoir quality) are not perfectly correlated, statistical relationships are used to modify type wells while accounting for uncertainty. Combined with an economic model and mapped variability in geologic/reservoir properties, a regional map of break-even oil price is generated. This technique translates the gradational variation of multiple subsurface parameters into a continuous map of relative economic value, which can then be used to discuss a multitude of appraisal and development issues.
Huff-N-Puff Gas Injection Pilot Projects in the Eagle Ford
Authors: Hoffman B. Todd
Published: February 2018

The Eagle Ford formation has been an overwhelming success producing around 2 billion barrels of oil over the last seven years, yet its potential may be even greater. The projected recovery factor is only 5-10%, and using improved oil recovery (IOR) methods to increase recovery could result in billions of additional barrels of production. Significant research is required to access this oil, and while a number of companies have field tested an IOR method called huff-n-puff gas injection, most of the published results are from lab and modeling studies. This paper evaluates the results from these field tests and discusses the successes and opportunities.

The huff-n-puff process involves injecting a miscible gas into a well, and then after some amount of time, producing back from that same well. The first part of this paper evaluates the publically available data from the Texas Railroad Commission and other sources for these pilots. Analytical techniques are used to predict the amount of additional recovery and the pattern efficiency from this data. This is compared to pre-injection forecasts. All cases show increased production rates with injection, and in one pattern where the data was easiest to interpret, the incremental production has doubled since the huff-n-puff project started.

This paper also proposes methodologies for implementing second generation pilots for unconventional reservoirs. It is important to define clear objectives that characterize the value of the pilots. The significance of developing optimum drilling and completion strategies for primary and IOR success is also highlighted. Long term information collecting strategies are proposed along with methods to optimize the projects during the pilot, and contingency plans to deal with difficulties that may arise. Finally, we discuss how the location and infrastructure needs of a pilot are paramount to its success.

Using IOR to increase recovery from unconventional oil fields is important for the continued success of plays like the Eagle Ford. Pilot tests are an integral part of developing the best IOR techniques, and this paper provides a thorough analysis of implementing IOR pilots in the Eagle Ford. It also shows how and where it has been applied successfully and discusses ideas to further improve the likelihood of success in the future.
Empirical and Numerical Investigation of the Effects of Hydraulic Fracturing Injection Rate on the Magnitude Distribution of Induced Seismicity Events
Authors: Amini Afshin , Eberhardt Erik
Published: February 2018

Hydraulic fracturing operations to enable production from unconventional oil and gas reservoirs have been subject to public, industry, and regulator concerns regarding induced seismicity. The injection of fluids into deep formations to generate hydraulic fractures serves to create localized increases in pore pressures and reductions in the effective normal stresses acting on critically stressed faults, resulting in fault slip and induced seismicity. Amongst the different factors influencing induced seismicity, operational factors such as injection volume and rate are potentially important, and can be controlled (in contrast to geological factors, which cannot). In this paper, an empirical study is presented examining correlations between injection rate and volume and induced seismicity events and magnitudes for data compiled for the Montney play in northeastern British Columbia. The results of the empirical analysis show that injection rate has a slightly higher correlation to induced seismicity than injection volume, and that larger events (>M3) correlate with higher injection rates (>6-8 m3/min). Three-dimensional numerical modelling was also performed to further investigate the magnitude distribution of induced seismic events as a function of different injection rates. For the modelled geological scenario, the results indicate that lower injection rates resulted in a more distributed pore pressure perturbation interacting with an adjacent critically stressed fault, resulting in multiple slip areas producing several small magnitude events. In contrast, higher injection rates resulted in a more concentrated pore pressure perturbation interacting with the fault causing a larger area to slip, producing a singular large magnitude event.
DFIT Analysis in Low Leakoff Formations: A Duvernay Case Study
Authors: Zanganeh Behnam , MacKay Mason K. , Clarkson Christopher R. , Jones Jack R.
Published: February 2018

Diagnostic Fracture Injection Test (DFIT) responses in some shale reservoirs, such as the Duvernay shale in western Canada, are not consistent with those interpreted through traditional analysis methods. Indeed, interpretation with traditional techniques may result in significantly incorrect estimates of closure pressure, pore pressure and formation permeability. The goal of this paper is to explain the observed DFIT behaviours for selected Duvernay shale wells in terms of low leakoff of fracturing fluid to the formation, activation of pre-existing fractures, and tip extension during the test.

DFIT data in the Duvernay shale are analyzed using pressure transient analysis methods. Two scenarios are presented to explain the overall falloff behavior; moving-hinge closure with tip extension, and activation of secondary natural fractures. The validity of each scenario is examined using rigorous coupled flow-geomechanical simulation, geological information and geomechanical settings in the Duvernay Formation.

Due to extremely low leakoff, the main mechanism affecting pressure falloff during the DFIT is pressure dissipation through the primary fracture created during injection. This results in significant tip extension or activation of secondary fractures. The fluctuations and spikes observed on G-function or pressure derivative plots are explained in the context of these scenarios. The leakoff rate varies with the pressure change, and the enhanced fracture surface area, during tip extension. Therefore, the assumption of Carter leakoff, and the traditional closure picks based on a straight-line tangent to the semi-log derivative on a G-function plot or 3/2 slope on Bourdet-derivative plot are not valid. Due to very low matrix permeability and the additional fracture length created through tip extension, it is unlikely that formation radial flow is established during the test, compromising the ability to obtain a valid pore pressure or formation permeability.
Differential Responses of Pak Choi and Edible Amaranth to an Elevated Temperature
Authors: Hwang San-Gwang , Chao Hsiao-Chien , Lin Huey-Ling
Published: February 2018

Global surface temperatures are predicted to increase by 1 to 4 °C by the year 2100. To unravel the risks from rising temperature to Taiwan’s summer leafy vegetable production, the phenotypical and physiological responses of two leafy crops, pak choi (Brassica chinensis L. cv. Quanzhou) and edible amaranth (Amaranthus tricolor L. cv. White leaf), were compared under an elevated temperature. A temperature increase from 28 to 32 °C resulted in lower leaf calcium, magnesium, and manganese concentrations (dry weight basis) in pak choi without significant changes in shoot dry weight, suggesting potential negative effects of the elevated temperature on pak choi leaf nutrient status. However, increased temperature promoted both root and leaf growth in edible amaranth, which may be beneficial to its yield, making edible amaranth a potential summer leafy vegetable crop for Taiwan. Furthermore, a temperature change from 28 to 32 °C resulted in a higher leaf nitrate concentration in edible amaranth, because of the lower nitrate reductase activity (NRA). Thus, suitable nitrogen fertilization rates and programs under elevated temperature conditions should be reconsidered in the future. To sum up, a future rise in summer temperatures may impose negative impacts on pak choi leaf nutrient status but positive impacts on edible amaranth production.
The Effectively Maintained Inequality Hypothesis and Socioeconomic Inequalities in the Greek Higher Education Sector
Authors: Tsiplakides Iakovos
Published: February 2018

In this paper we draw on the hypothesis of “Effectively Maintained Inequality” (EMI), which holds that inequalities in higher education concern differentiation as regards the institutions or study programmes which people from different socioeconomic backgrounds choose, rather than the difference between participating and non-participating. It is an important issue, as in modern knowledge and information societies, characterized by new methods of getting, processing and distributing information, higher education is important as a means of equipping people with the knowledge necessary to participate actively in them, for personal growth and national growth. It also impacts positively on social justice, equality of educational opportunity and can boost intergenerational social mobility. These potential benefits, however, are undermined by segregation within higher education. In this paper we present the findings of a research study that examined the breadth of segregation of the higher sector in Greece by socioeconomic background. Research findings indicate a correlation among cultural, social and financial capital and programme or institution, thus conforming the theory of “Effectively Maintained Inequality”.
Quantum dynamics in transverse-field Ising models from classical networks
Authors: Schmitt Markus , Heyl Markus
Published: February 2018

The efficient representation of quantum many-body states with
classical resources is a key challenge in quantum many-body theory. In
this work we analytically construct classical networks for the
description of the quantum dynamics in transverse-field Ising models
that can be solved efficiently using Monte Carlo techniques. Our
perturbative construction encodes time-evolved quantum states of
spin-1/2 systems in a network of classical spins with local couplings
and can be directly generalized to other spin systems and higher spins.
Using this construction we compute the transient dynamics in one, two,
and three dimensions including local observables, entanglement
production, and Loschmidt amplitudes using Monte Carlo algorithms and
demonstrate the accuracy of this approach by comparisons to exact
results. We include a mapping to equivalent artificial neural networks,
which were recently introduced to provide a universal structure for
classical network wave functions.
Toward Computational Understanding of Molecular Recognition in the Human Metabolizing Cytochrome P450s
Authors: Kontoyianni Maria , Lacy Brett
Published: February 2018

Cytochrome P450s are enzymes capable of metabolizing a wide variety of drugs.
Their significant impact in drug discovery has led to extensive research, computationally and
experimentally, in order to explore how a chemical entity responds to metabolizing enzymes.
We present an overview of ligand-based and structure-based methodologies, along with pertinent
information on the structures, biology, and relevance of these enzymes.
Organic Fluorescent Dye-based Nanomaterials: Advances in the Rational Design for Imaging and Sensing Applications
Authors: Svechkarev Denis , Mohs Aaron M.
Published: February 2018

Self-assembled fluorescent nanomaterials based on small-molecule organic dyes are gaining
increasing popularity in imaging and sensing applications over the past decade. This is primarily due to
their ability to combine spectral properties tunability and biocompatibility of small molecule organic
fluorophores with brightness, chemical and colloidal stability of inorganic materials. Such a unique
combination of features comes with rich versatility of dye-based nanomaterials: from aggregates of
small molecules to sophisticated core-shell nanoarchitectures involving hyperbranched polymers. Along
with the ongoing discovery of new materials and better ways of their synthesis, it is very important to
continue systematic studies of fundamental factors that regulate the key properties of fluorescent nanomaterials:
their size, polydispersity, colloidal stability, chemical stability, absorption and emission
maxima, biocompatibility, and interactions with biological interfaces. In this review, we focus on the
systematic description of various types of organic fluorescent nanomaterials, approaches to their synthesis,
and ways to optimize and control their characteristics. The discussion is built on examples from reports
on recent advances in the design and applications of such materials. Conclusions made from this
analysis allow a perspective on future development of fluorescent nanomaterials design for biomedical
and related applications.
Synthesis of Novel 3(N,N-dialkylamino)alkyl/phenyl Substituted Thieno [2,3-d]pyrimidinones as H1-Anti-Histaminic and Antimicrobial Agents
Authors: Singh Shiv Dev , Kumar Arvind , Babar Firoz , Sachan Neetu , Sharma Arun Kumar
Published: February 2018

Background:

Thienopyrimidines are the bioisoster of quinazoline and unlike quinazoline
exist in three isomeric forms corresponding to the three possible types annulation of thiophene to the
pyrimidine ring viz thieno[2,3-d] pyrimidine, thieno[3,2-d] pyrimidine and thieno[3,4-d]pyrimidine.
Heterocyclic containing the thienopyrimidinone moiety exhibits various pronounced activities such as
anti-hypertensive, analgesic and anti-inflammatory, antiviral, platelet aggregation inhibitory, antiprotozoal
bronchodilatory, phosphodiesterase inhibitory, antihistaminic, antipsychotic and antimicrobial activity.

Objective:

Synthesis of novel 3(N,N-dialkylamino)alkyl/phenyl substituted thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidinones
as H1-anti-histaminic and antimicrobial agents.

Methods:

A series of 3-[(N,N-dialkylamino)alkyl/phenyl]-2-(1H)thioxo-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobenzo(b)
thieno(2,3-d)pyrimidine-4(3H)-ones[4a-d], their oxo analogous [5a-d] and 3-[(N,N-dialkylamino)alkyl]-
2-chlorophenyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobenzo(b)thieno(2,3-d)pyrimidine- 4 (3H)-ones[6a-d]derivative were
synthesized from 2-amino-4,5,6,7-tetrahydrobenzo(b)thiophene-3-carboxylic acid by nucleophilic substitution
of different N,N-dialkyl alkylene/phenylene diamines on activated 3-acylchloride moiety followed
by cyclocondensation with carbon disulfide and ethanolic potassium hydroxide to get [4a-d] and
in second reaction by condensation with 4-chlorobenzoyl chloride to get [6a-d] by single pot novel innovative
route. The oxo analogous [5a-d] were prepared by treating derivatives [4a-d] with potassium
permagnate in ethanolic KOH. The synthesized compound were evaluated for H1-antihistaminic and
antimicrobial activities.

Results:

All synthesized compounds exhibited significant H1-antihistaminic activity by in vitro and in
vivo screening methods and data were verified analytically and statistically. The compound 4a, 4b, 5a
and 5b showed significant H1-antihistaminiic activity than the reference standard chlorpheniramine
maleate. The compound 6d, 6c, 5c and 4c exhibited significant antimicrobial activity.
Editorial
Authors: Antunes Fátima
Published: February 2018

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O professor pesquisador nas universidades públicas no contexto da internacionalização do capital: a produtividade do trabalho imaterial superqualificado
Authors: Júnior João Dos Reis Silva
Published: February 2018

O objetivo deste texto é compreender o processo de mercantilização da universidade estatal pública brasileira e de sua identidade institucional. Busca-se compreender este evento tal qual um processo de racionalização social, com origem no Estado reformado e como parte da herança do século XX, articulado com a internacionalização do capitalismo, que terminou como alvo da naturalização do fundo público pelo capital, resultando em reformas das instituições republicanas brasileiras. A universidade, não sem a contraposição de movimentos sociais, políticos e sindicais e de intelectuais que ainda resistem, está sendo transformada em instituição tutelada pelo capital e pelo Estado, tendo o mercado como mediador. A racionalidade mercantil tornou-se o núcleo da Política quando deveria ser a administração pública voltada para o ser humano, com conseqüências perversas para o governo popular democrático distanciando-se de sua origem, para o pensamento intelectual mais crítico, para a esquerda partidária, para a pesquisa sobre as políticas públicas de educação superior e, sobretudo, para o objeto aqui examinado: as atividades e a formação do professor pesquisador das universidades estatais públicas em geral. Enfim, procura-se mostrar que o processo de racionalização, em sua forma histórica atual, tem como essência também histórica a racionalidade de formação social do capitalismo, e, em razão disso, mostra, indiretamente, as orientações deste evento.Palavras-chave: Educação Superior; Formação Docente; Alienação no Trabalho Docente; Ontologia no Trabalho Docente
La place des établissements scolaires en France sous la Ve République: une recomposition parallèle des formes de la justice et des formes de l’État (1959-2009)
Authors: Derouet Jean Louis
Published: February 2018

L’article propose une étude du rôle et de la place des établissements scolaires dans les trois dernières Lois régissant le système éducatif français. Son but est de montrer que ceux-ci correspondent à une recomposition parallèle des formes de la justice et des formes de l’Etat. La Loi de modernisation du système éducatif de 1975 tentait de mettre en œuvre un objectif d’égalité des chances correspondant à l’Etat-providence dans une organisation centralisée et même autoritaire. La Loi d’orientation de l’éducation de 1989 a poursuivi le même objectif d’égalité mais l’a mis en œuvre dans un système déconcentré dont la régulation reposait sur un contrat entre le projet des familles et le projet des établissements. La Loi d’orientation et de programmation de 2005 reprend ce souci de respect des droits des usagers et introduit une obligation de résultats correspondant à une conception managériale de l’Etat. Mots-clé: Politiques d’éducation; Justice; Établissements scolaires; Sociologie de l’Etat
Educação, globalizações e cosmopolitismos: novos direitos, novas desigualdades
Authors: Estevão Carlos Vilar
Published: February 2018

Tendo presente o contexto actual onde emergem novas desigualdades e novas injustiças pretende-se articular o processo de globalização com a construção do cosmopolitismo e da justiça social, distinguindo nesta discussão diversas modalidades de cosmopolitismo, nomeadamente a neoliberal e a democrática. Na linha desta última, o autor aprofunda a noção de cosmopoliticidade para vincar não apenas a ideia de universalidade mas também a de dialogicidade global e de politicidade. A partir deste enquadramento analítico, o autor desenvolve as implicações da cosmopoliticidade democrática na educação em geral e na gestão das organizações educativas em particular, no sentido de esta contribuir também para o reforço da justiça global e para o "cultivo da humanidade". Palavras-chave: Cosmopolitismo; Justiça; Educação; Desigualdades
A natureza da ciência nos currículos de ciências — Estudo do currículo de Ciências Naturais do 3º ciclo do ensino básico
Authors: Ferreira Sílvia , Morais Ana Maria
Published: February 2018

O estudo analisa em que medida a mensagem sociológica transmitida pelo Discurso Pedagógico Oficial veiculado no currículo de Ciências Naturais do 3º ciclo do ensino básico português contempla a natureza da ciência. A investigação apresenta pressupostos epistemológicos e sociológicos e está particularmente baseada na teoria do discurso pedagógico de Bernstein e na conceptualização de Ziman sobre a construção da ciência. O estudo usou uma metodologia mista e seguiu um processo dialéctico entre o teórico e o empírico. Os resultados do estudo mostraram que a construção da ciência está, em geral, presente no currículo mas que a dimensão sociológica externa é a única dimensão com elevado estatuto. Este baixo estatuto geral atribuído à natureza da ciência é reforçado com a elevada ausência, no currículo, de relações intradisciplinares entre conhecimentos científicos e metacientíficos. Os resultados evidenciaram ainda que o Ministério da Educação deixa implícitos para os professores, mesmo quando eles estão presentes, não apenas os conhecimentos metacientíficos a apreender e as competências metacientíficas a desenvolver, mas também as relações intradisciplinares entre conhecimentos científicos e metacientíficos. Encontraram-se diferenças entre os dois documentos do currículo – Competências Essenciais e Orientações Curriculares – que evidenciam processos de recontextualização. Estes resultados são discutidos e exploram-se as suas consequências em termos de aprendizagem científica.Palavras-chave: Educação científica; Currículos; Natureza da ciência; Intradisciplinaridade
"Transversalidad" de	la transversalidad. Análisis de una estrategia didáctica aplicada a la educación para la sostenibilidad
Authors: Suárez Pedro Álvarez , Marcote Pedro Vega
Published: February 2018

Al comprar, tanto sencillos productos de primera necesidad como artículos de lujo, estamos, en la mayoría de los casos, tomando decisiones que afectan a la calidad ambiental del planeta. Pero son pocas las personas que conocen la relación entre nuestros hábitos cotidianos y la actual crisis ambiental global. Así, aunque muchas personas están concienciadas para actuar sosteniblemente, no saben cómo hacerlo la mayoría de las veces. Por ello, es imprescindible que se les de a los ciudadanos – consumidores – una información adecuada y se les capacite para actuar sosteniblemente y, en ello, dos áreas transversales, la Educación Ambiental y la Educación para el Consumo juegan un papel fundamental. De acuerdo con ello, se presenta una estrategia didáctica que, desde la "transversalidad" de la transversalidad, pretende concienciar y capacitar hacia un consumo responsable y sostenible, de la cual se muestran, además, los resultados obtenidos tras su aplicación en alumnos de educación secundaria (14-16 años).Palabras clave: Transversalidad; Estrategia didáctica; Sostenibilidad
Implementação de novas práticas pedagógicas no Ensino Superior
Authors: Ramos Ana , Delgado Fernanda , Afonso Paulo , Cruchinho Alexandra , Pereira Paula , Sapeta Paula , Ramos George
Published: February 2018

A implementação de paradigmas no Ensino Superior resultantes da introdução do Processo de Bolonha abre portas para a renovação. A qualidade passa pela revisão dos curricula, pela reorganização dos processos de ensino-aprendizagem, pela estruturação das unidades curriculares ecursos, pela qualificação e formação de docentes, pelo sucesso e resultados escolares, pela avaliação das competências atingidas e pela confiança social no Ensino Superior. Em 2010, foi delineado o Projeto "Construção da Aprendizagem" (ConstAp) com o objetivo principal de motivar as mudanças, nomeadamente ao nível das metodologias adotadas e da implementação do trabalho autónomo, para garantir uma carga de trabalho do estudante contínua ao longo do semestre. A questão central é a melhoria da qualidade no ensino ministrado. Este artigo analisa a execução do projeto implementado no IPCB, desde o ano letivo 2009/10, no âmbito do Processo de Bolonha, contextualizando os seus objetivos, implementação e condicionantes.Palavras-chaveConstAp; ECTS; Ensino-aprendizagem; Trabalho autónomo
Alfabetização de idosos e adultos ou leitura e escrita?
Authors: Laffin Maria Hermínia Lage Fernandes
Published: February 2018

Apresento a análise de um processo de escolarização e letramento com idosos e adultos no Núcleo de Estudos da Terceira Idade/UFSC, no período de 2007 a 2011, em parceria com a rede municipal de ensino. Discuto o direito à garantia de profissionais habilitados na educação de idosos e adultos, condições adequadas, tanto na estrutura física como de materiais didáticos. Mediante um estudo a partir de perspectivas sociológicas e antropológicas dos processos educativos escolares em particular, neste texto analiso alguns elementos referentes ao curso, intitulado "Leitura e escrita", e também sobre os sujeitos que o frequentam e o debate sobre letramento de idosos e adultos. Como contribuições teóricas ao estudo foram fundamentais os trabalhos de Charlot (2000), Louro (1997), Menezes (2005), Soares (2000), Paiva (1997) e Sartori (2010). Como principais resultados relaciono um conjunto de elementos marcados pelas categorias gênero, questão geracional e necessidades financeiras de um grupo de sujeitos em busca de espaços de direitos e de inserção social.Palavras-chaveEducação de idosos e adultos; Processos educativos; Direitos; Gênero
Desafios da inclusão: uma proposta para a qualificação de docentes no Ensino Superior via tecnologias digitais
Authors: Bisol Claudia Alquati , Valentini Carla Beatris
Published: February 2018

As universidades são historicamente conhecidas por serem instituições elitistas e meritocráticas. Porém, nos anos 90, políticas de expansão do Ensino Superior brasileiro modificaram o perfil dos estudantes, tornando premente a questão da qualificação dos docentes. Este artigo relata a construção de um objeto digital de aprendizagem concebido com o objetivo de promover reflexão sobre a inclusão, contribuir para uma mudança na forma como os docentes percebem a diversidade e para a ressignificação da prática docente. Foi desenvolvido inicialmente com foco na inclusão de estudantes surdos. O objeto de aprendizagem, intitulado Incluir, procura conciliar aspectos técnicos e pedagógicos a fim de concretizar uma metodologia reflexiva e problematizadora, de base interacionista.Palavras-chaveObjeto de aprendizagem; Inclusão; Ensino Superior; Surdez
Prolegómenos sobre o processo de transformação capitalista da actividade educativa nos níveis básico e secundário de escolaridade
Authors: Mesquita Leopoldo
Published: February 2018

Pretende-se neste texto apresentar os fundamentos do que se considera ser um novo campo de investigação educativa, cujo objecto é a transformação capitalista (ou capitalização) da actividade educativa nos níveis básico e secundário de escolaridade, aqui considerada como sendo a tendênciaactualmente dominante nas políticas educativas a nível global. Argumenta-se que uma tal mudança educativa configura um processo clássico de transição capitalista cujo ponto nodal reside na transformação do trabalho escolar. Sob o lema da "melhoria contínua" dos resultados escolares, pretende-se que a produtividade do trabalho do professor seja aferida pela produtividade do trabalho do aluno. Impõe-se neste contexto um estudo detalhado das formas de valorização dos capitais investidos na indústria educativa. Decorrendo sobretudo no interior dos sistemas públicos de educação, a presente mudançaeducativa envolve mudanças profundas nas estruturas estatais e nas relações de produção educativa, para a análise das quais se utilizam os conceitos operativos de Estado capitalizador e de formas pró-capitalistas de mercado.Palavras-chaveCapitalização dos sistemas educativos; Trabalho escolar; Estado capitalizador da actividade educativa
Entre tradição e inovação: um estudo sobre mudanças no ensino de gramática em livros didáticos brasileiros de Língua Portuguesa
Authors: Da Silva Alexsandro , De Morais Artur Gomes
Published: February 2018

O objetivo deste artigo é investigar o tratamento dado ao ensino de gramática ou à análise linguística em três coleções brasileiras de livros didáticos de Língua Portuguesa aprovadas no Programa Nacional do Livro Didático 2007. Os resultados evidenciaram que duas das coleções analisadas usavam o termo gramática e todas elas tendiam a estabelecer objetivos de ensino relacionados ao domínio da gramática ou da língua em si mesmas. Em relação aos conteúdos, constatamos que os tópicos tradicionais da gramática escolar dividiam a cena com outros conteúdos. Ao analisar as atividades, constatamos, em duas das coleções, poucas atividades de análise quando setratavam dos conteúdos tradicionais. No ensino das classes de palavras e da ortografia, encontramos duas inovações principais: o uso de textos e a tendência à não-apresentação de informações prontas. Já na exploração de características dos gêneros textuais, além de usar pseudotextos, as coleções adotavam, às vezes, uma abordagem transmissiva.Palavras-chaveAnálise linguística; Ensino de gramática; Livros didáticos
A utilização dos materiais didáticos nas aulas de Matemática – Um estudo no 1º Ciclo
Authors: Botas Dilaila , Moreira Darlinda
Published: February 2018

O artigo apresenta uma investigação cujo principal objetivo foi conhecer quais os materiais didáticos usados mais frequentemente no ensino da Matemática num Agrupamento de Escolas do 1º Ciclo do Ensino Básico nos arredores deLisboa e qual a visão pedagógica subjacente à sua utilização.Metodologicamente, optou-se por um estudo de natureza quantitativa com características descritivas. A população envolvida no estudo é relativa a 53 professores do 1º Ciclo que exerciam a sua atividade letiva e não letiva no referido Agrupamento de Escolas. Conclui-se que os professores definem o material didáctico como sendo um objeto que visa a motivação do aluno, auxiliando-o na concretização e construção dos conceitos matemáticos. O manual escolar, o próprio corpo do aluno, as réguas e o ábaco são os materiais mais usados pelos professores. Os professores consideram o material didático importantíssimo e afirmam usá-lo "muitas vezes" naresolução de problemas e na prática compreensiva de procedimentos. Palavras-chaveMaterial didáctico; Educação matemática; 1º Ciclo do Ensino Básico
Pedagogia universitária – Valorizando o ensino e a docência na universidade
Authors: De Almeida Maria Isabel , Pimenta Selma Garrido
Published: February 2018

Como e em que circunstâncias processos de formação relativos ao saber serprofessor podem ser desenvolvidos em uma universidade complexa? O textoaponta possíveis respostas a essa questão, a partir da análise da constituiçãode uma política de formação dos docentes em uma universidade pública –Universidade de São Paulo, Brasil –, cuja tradição das atividades de pesquisase sobrepõe às de ensino. Para ampliar a compreensão da experiênciaempreendida, discute o significado do ensino de graduação no contexto dacrise da universidade contemporânea e aponta a relevância dos docentes paraassegurar o significado social da universidade. Teve como instrumentos quesustentam a análise os registros escritos e as pesquisas produzidas pelosparticipantes do processo (docentes, gestores, doutorandos). Considerando omarco teórico-conceitual sobre docência universitária, os resultados da análiseapontam algumas contribuições para a área: a importância do enraizamentoinstitucional de políticas de formação pedagógica de docentes universitários; ainserção destas no orçamento institucional; a diversidade de ações formativas;e a valorização da produção científica dos docentes sobre ensino. Palavras-chaveDocência e pesquisa na graduação; Universidade; Política institucional
Os projetos de trabalho: Uma experiência integradora na formação inicial de professores
Authors: Neto Eulália
Published: February 2018

O presente artigo tem como objetivo problematizar o papel da investigação nos cursos de formação inicial de professores a partir do relato de uma experiência com projetos integradores (PI). Fundamenta o seu desenvolvimento em três conceitos organizadores: formação inicial de professores, currículo integrado e interdisciplinaridade. Discute a importância de um currículo de formação que possibilite a relação teoria e prática, o diálogo entre as disciplinas, a reflexão e a crítica. Destaca a importância da disponibilidade dos professores de diferentes áreas disciplinares no compartilhamento de suas experiências, seus saberes, suas certezas e incertezas. Tem como contexto de análise o relatório elaborado pelo grupo classe de uma turma do terceiro período da licenciatura em Espanhol. Baseia se nos princípios da pesquisa qualitativa. Destaca os indicadores que apontam a integração das disciplinas a partir do PI e a importância deste para a formação do professor-pesquisador e para a integração do grupo-classe.Palavras-chave: Formação inicial de professores; Currículo integrado; Projetos integradores