bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Seasonal variation of milk quality: Physicochemical, microbiological, and toxicological
Authors: Becker‐Algeri Tania A. , Souza Camila , Bortoli Kennedy , Castagnaro Denise , Scaglioni Priscila T. , Drunkler Deisy A. , Dors Giniani , Valderrama Patrícia , Badiale‐Furlong Eliana
Published: April 2020

This study aimed at evaluating the physicochemical and microbiological quality, besides the occurrence of aflatoxins M1 and B1, in samples (229) of the whole, semi‐skimmed and skimmed milk processed by the ultra‐high‐temperature system, in the three Brazilian southern states (Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Catarina and Paraná). After incubation at 37°C for 7 days, it was found, a sample that had protein precipitation, regarding microbiological standards, 19.7% did not comply with the legislation (102 CFU ml−1). The values of defatted dry extract and acidity were presented the highest occurrence of irregularities. AFM1 was found in 13.2%and AFB1 was found in seven samples. The principal component analysis (PCA) confirmed that defatted dry extract (PC 1) and fat (PC 2) were related to the contamination by aflatoxin.

Key findings

The microbiological parameters were in no compliance in 20% of samples.

The aflatoxins M1 and B1 was detected in 49 and 3% of samples, respectively.

The PCA analyses verified irregularities in samples collected in spring and winter.
Effects of Biotic Interactions, Abiotic Environments and Harvesting on the Spread of Hantavirus Infection
Authors: Mohamed Yusof Fauzi , Mohd Mohd Hafiz , Mohd Yatim Yazariah , Md. Ismail Ahmad Izani
Published: April 2020

In this paper, the combined influences of biotic interactions, environmental components and harvesting strategy on the spread of Hantavirus are investigated. By employing a multi-species model consisting of (susceptible and infected) rodents and alien species, we show that interspecific competition from alien species has an effect in reducing the spread of infection, and this species could be employed as a potential biocontrol agent. Our analysis using numerical continuation and simulation also reveals the conditions under which Hantavirus infection occurs and disappears as the environmental conditions and the intensity of harvesting change. Without harvesting, infection emerges when environments are conducive. Inclusion of moderate harvesting in favourable environments can lead to disappearance of infection among rodent species. However, as the intensity of harvesting increases, this situation can cause extinction of all rodents species and consequently, jeopardise biodiversity. Overall, our results demonstrate how the interplay of different factors can combine to determine the spread of infectious diseases.
Identification of Common CD8+T Cell Epitopes from Lassa Fever Survivors in Nigeria and Sierra Leone
Authors: Sakabe Saori , Hartnett Jessica N. , Ngo Nhi , Goba Augustine , Momoh Mambu , Sandi John Demby , Kanneh Lansana , Cubitt Beatrice , Garcia Selma D. , Ware Brian C. , Kotliar Dylan , Robles-Sikisaka Refugio , Gangavarapu Karthik , Branco Luis M. , Eromon Philomena , Odia Ikponmwosa , Ogbaini-Emovon Ephraim , Folarin Onikepe , Okogbenin Sylvanus , Okokhere Peter O. , Happi Christian , Sabeti Pardis C. , Andersen Kristian G. , Garry Robert F. , de la Torre Juan Carlos , Grant Donald S. , Schieffelin John S. , Oldstone Michael B. A. , Sullivan Brian M.
Published: April 2020

The high morbidity and mortality associated with clinical cases of Lassa fever, together with the lack of licensed vaccines and limited and partially effective interventions, make Lassa virus (LASV) an important health concern in its regions of endemicity in West Africa. Previous infection with LASV protects from disease after subsequent exposure, providing a framework for designing vaccines to elicit similar protective immunity. Multiple major lineages of LASV circulate in West Africa, and therefore, ideal vaccine candidates should elicit immunity to all lineages. We therefore sought to identify common T cell epitopes between Lassa fever survivors from Sierra Leone and Nigeria, where distinct lineages circulate. We identified three such epitopes derived from highly conserved regions within LASV proteins. In this process, we also identified nine other T cell epitopes. These data should help in the design of an effective pan-LASV vaccine.
Interpretable Log Contrasts for the Classification of Health Biomarkers: a New Approach to Balance Selection
Authors: Quinn Thomas P. , Erb Ionas
Published: April 2020

High-throughput sequencing provides an easy and cost-effective way to measure the relative abundance of bacteria in any environmental or biological sample. When these samples come from humans, the microbiome signatures can act as biomarkers for disease prediction. However, because bacterial abundance is measured as a composition, the data have unique properties that make conventional analyses inappropriate. To overcome this, analysts often use cumbersome normalizations. This article proposes an alternative method that identifies pairs and trios of bacteria whose stoichiometric presence can differentiate between diseased and nondiseased samples. By using interpretable log contrasts called balances, we developed an entirely normalization-free classification procedure that reduces the feature space and improves the interpretability, without sacrificing classifier performance.
Existence of Periodic Solutions for Nonlinear Fully Third-Order Differential Equations
Authors: Zhang Yunfei , Pei Minghe
Published: April 2020

In this paper, we study the existence of periodic solutions to nonlinear fully third-order differential equation x‴+ft,x,x′,x″=0,t∈ℝ≔−∞,∞, where f:ℝ4⟶ℝ is continuous and T-periodic in t. By using the topological transversality method together with the barrier strip technique, we obtain new existence results of periodic solutions to the above equation without growth restrictions on the nonlinearity. Meanwhile, as applications, an example is given to demonstrate our results.
Scleroderma venenatum sp. nov., S. venenatum var. macrosporum var. nov. and S. suthepense new to China

Authors: ZHANG YI-ZHE , SUN CHENG-YE , SUN JIAN , ZHANG KAI-PING , ZHANG HONG-SHUN , GUO XIANG , ZHOU YA-JUAN , ZHENG DE-SHENG , LI HAI-JIAO
Published: April 2020

Taxonomic and phylogenetic studies on Scleroderma in China were carried out. One poisonous species was discovered at the scene of poisoning that could not match any known species, and is described morphologically and molecularly as a new species: Scleroderma venenatum. It is characterized by its two layered peridium, brown to greyish brown surface with scattered, small and thin scales, presence of moniliform hyphae in gleba and middle size echinulate basidiospores (9−13 μm, including ornamentation) with dense narrow pyramidal warts. At the same time, S. venenatum var. macrosporum was found which shares most characteristics with S. venenatum var. venenatum except its distinctly larger basidiospores (12−16 μm), and occasionally presence of clamp connections in the inner layer of the peridium. Scleroderma suthepense, originally described from Thailand was also discovered from tropical areas of Guangdong and Yunnan Provinces, which was characterized by its strongly reticulate basidiospores (8−11.5 μm). A key to the known species of Scleroderma in China is also provided.
Diversity in Aβ deposit morphology and secondary proteome insolubility across models of Alzheimer-type amyloidosis
Authors: Xu Guilian , Fromholt Susan E. , Chakrabarty Paramita , Zhu Fanchao , Liu Xuefei , Pace Michael C. , Koh Jin , Golde Todd E. , Levites Yona , Lewis Jada , Borchelt David R.
Published: April 2020

A hallmark pathology of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the formation of amyloid β (Aβ) deposits that exhibit diverse localization and morphologies, ranging from diffuse to cored-neuritic deposits in brain parenchyma, with cerebral vascular deposition in leptomeningeal and parenchymal compartments. Most AD brains exhibit the full spectrum of pathologic Aβ morphologies. In the course of studies to model AD amyloidosis, we have generated multiple transgenic mouse models that vary in the nature of the transgene constructs that are expressed; including the species origin of Aβ peptides, the levels and length of Aβ that is deposited, and whether mutant presenilin 1 (PS1) is co-expressed. These models recapitulate features of human AD amyloidosis, but interestingly some models can produce pathology in which one type of Aβ morphology dominates. In prior studies of mice that primarily develop cored-neuritic deposits, we determined that Aβ deposition is associated with changes in cytosolic protein solubility in which a subset of proteins become detergent-insoluble, indicative of secondary proteome instability. Here, we survey changes in cytosolic protein solubility across seven different transgenic mouse models that exhibit a range of Aβ deposit morphologies. We find a surprisingly diverse range of changes in proteome solubility across these models. Mice that deposit human Aβ40 and Aβ42 in cored-neuritic plaques had the most robust changes in proteome solubility. Insoluble cytosolic proteins were also detected in the brains of mice that develop diffuse Aβ42 deposits but to a lesser extent. Notably, mice with cored deposits containing only Aβ42 had relatively few proteins that became detergent-insoluble. Our data provide new insight into the diversity of biological effects that can be attributed to different types of Aβ pathology and support the view that fibrillar cored-neuritic plaque pathology is the more disruptive Aβ pathology in the Alzheimer’s cascade.
Oxidative degradation of archaeological wood and the effect of alum, iron and calcium salts
Authors: McQueen Caitlin M. A. , Mortensen Martin N. , Caruso Francesco , Mantellato Sara , Braovac Susan
Published: April 2020

Oxygen consumption measurement was used to study potential oxidative degradation reactions occurring in wooden artefacts from the Viking age Oseberg collection in Norway. Model samples of fresh birch were impregnated with iron, calcium and alum salts to mimic concentrations of such compounds found in Oseberg artefacts and to assess their effect on oxygen consumption rates. The results showed that heated impregnation with alum salt (KAl(SO4)2·12H2O) significantly increased the rate of oxygen consumption, confirming a previously observed link between alum-treatment and wood oxidation. The presence of iron salts in alum-treated wood specimens, even at low concentrations, also substantially increased the oxidation rate. However, the mechanism by which this occurred appeared to be influenced by the alum-treatment. Samples treated with both iron and calcium salts were also studied, in order to investigate a proposed inhibition of iron-induced oxidation by calcium ions. However, these did not appear to consume oxygen at significantly different rates. In Oseberg samples, a large variation in oxygen consumption rates from 0.48 to an apparent 8.2 μg O2 (g wood)−1 day−1 was observed, and these values were consistently higher than those for reference fresh wood. The results demonstrated that oxygen consumption measurement is a viable method of evaluating chemical stability in this case, but is best applied to model samples with limited compositional variability.
Evaluation of nephroprotective and cytotoxic effect of ethanolic extract of Mikania scandens leaves by using alloxan-induced diabetic nephropathy mice
Authors: Ahammed Koushik , Joardar Md. Hasibul Hasan , Islam Maruf ul , Yameen Md. Ben , Rahman S. M. Mushiur , Sharmin Rokshana
Published: April 2020

Background

Diabetic is one of the fundamental persuasive of diabetic nephropathy and significantly sparks off kidney diseases and end stage renal failure globally.

Method

The current research was carried out to evaluate hypoglycemic potential and nephroprotective effect of ethanolic extract of Mikania scandens leaves by using alloxan-induced diabetic nephropathy (DN) mice. The mice were intraperitoneally treated with (200 mg/kg) Mikania scandens leaves extract and standard (120 mg/kg) metformin HCL solution up to 22 days. During this treatment period, we collected blood for evaluation of different types of parameters such as blood glucose level body weight at 0, 15, 22th days, serum creatinine, uric acid, total protein were estimated at the end of the experiment (day 22).

Result

Mikania scandens leaves extract significantly (p < 0.05) lessen blood glucose level, serum creatinine, total protein and uric acid. Apart this, cytotoxicity studies were assessed by Brine Shrimp Lethality Bioassay. By this method, we measure the dose of LC50. The plant has high LC50 dose thus cytotoxicity has ensued at massive amount and safe to administer.

Conclusion

Lowering of serum creatinine, uric acid and total protein recommend that the ethanolic extract of Mikania scandens possess potent nephroprotective activity and assure the traditional avail of this plant in the management of diabetes nephropathy.
Recent advances in understanding the role of glucagon-like peptide 1
Authors: Reed Josh , Bain Stephen , Kanamarlapudi Venkateswarlu
Published: April 2020

The discovery that glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) mediates a significant proportion of the incretin effect during the postprandial period and the subsequent observation that GLP-1 bioactivity is retained in type 2 diabetes (T2D) led to new therapeutic strategies being developed for T2D treatment based on GLP-1 action. Although owing to its short half-life exogenous GLP-1 has no use therapeutically, GLP-1 mimetics, which have a much longer half-life than native GLP-1, have proven to be effective for T2D treatment since they prolong the incretin effect in patients. These GLP-1 mimetics are a desirable therapeutic option for T2D since they do not provoke hypoglycaemia or weight gain and have simple modes of administration and monitoring. Additionally, over more recent years, GLP-1 action has been found to mediate systemic physiological beneficial effects and this has high clinical relevance due to the post-diagnosis complications of T2D. Indeed, recent studies have found that certain GLP-1 analogue therapies improve the cardiovascular outcomes for people with diabetes. Furthermore, GLP-1–based therapies may enable new therapeutic strategies for diseases that can also arise independently of the clinical manifestation of T2D, such as dementia and Parkinson’s disease. GLP-1 functions by binding to its receptor (GLP-1R), which expresses mainly in pancreatic islet beta cells. A better understanding of the mechanisms and signalling pathways by which acute and chronic GLP-1R activation alleviates disease phenotypes and induces desirable physiological responses during healthy conditions will likely lead to the development of new therapeutic GLP-1 mimetic–based therapies, which improve prognosis to a greater extent than current therapies for an array of diseases.
Differential privacy in the 2020 US census: what will it do? Quantifying the accuracy/privacy tradeoff
Authors: Petti Samantha , Flaxman Abraham
Published: April 2020

Background: The 2020 US Census will use a novel approach to disclosure avoidance to protect respondents’ data, called TopDown. This TopDown algorithm was applied to the 2018 end-to-end (E2E) test of the decennial census. The computer code used for this test as well as accompanying exposition has recently been released publicly by the Census Bureau.

Methods: We used the available code and data to better understand the error introduced by the E2E disclosure avoidance system when Census Bureau applied it to 1940 census data and we developed an empirical measure of privacy loss to compare the error and privacy of the new approach to that of a (non-differentially private) simple-random-sampling approach to protecting privacy.

Results: We found that the empirical privacy loss of TopDown is substantially smaller than the theoretical guarantee for all privacy loss budgets we examined. When run on the 1940 census data, TopDown with a privacy budget of 1.0 was similar in error and privacy loss to that of a simple random sample of 50% of the US population. When run with a privacy budget of 4.0, it was similar in error and privacy loss of a 90% sample.

Conclusions: This work fits into the beginning of a discussion on how to best balance privacy and accuracy in decennial census data collection, and there is a need for continued discussion.
A low-carb diet for diabetes: the latest evidence
Authors: Winter George
Published: April 2020

Low-carb diets have been shown to reverse type 2 diabetes in some people. George Winter investigates the latest findings
Potrzeba budowy teorii dydaktycznych jako wymóg rozwoju dydaktyki ogólnej
Authors: Piotrowski Eugeniusz
Published: April 2020

This paper’s concern is the need to construct didactic theories in the aspect of the development of general didactics. The author performs an analysis of the various ways the term ‘theory’ is understood in the many field of scientific inquiry. What follows is a discussion of the problems of scientific cognition, researcher’s methodological awareness, as well as the models of pedagogy: the scientist, hermeneutic and praxeological models. Finally, the authordraws attention to the sources of researcher’s expectations, axiological dilemmas in pedagogical research and potential conflicts of values.
Uniformed service officers’ age as a variable differentiating the perception of counterproductive work behaviors
Authors: Szeliga-Duchnowska Anna , Szewczyk Mirosława
Published: April 2020

Szeliga-Duchnowska Anna, Szewczyk Mirosława, Uniformedservice officers’ age as a variable differentiatingthe perception of counterproductive work behaviors. „Kultura– Społeczeństwo – Edukacja” nr 2(14) 2018, Poznań2018, pp. 205–219, Adam Mickiewicz University Press.ISSN 2300-0422. DOI 10.14746/kse.2018.14.15.At the foundation of this research lies the belief that theage can directly differentiate the perception of counterproductivework behaviors. The aim of the article is toidentify and present the relationship between age andthe perception of counterproductive work behaviors. Thesurvey research was carried out in June 2017, with theuse of Internet-based survey questionnaire (CAWI). Therewere altogether 198 officers examined. The results confirmthe existence of variety counterproductive behaviors accordingto the classification proposed by P.E. Spector. Theanalysis results confirm the appearance of dependence betweenthe age of officers and their perception of counterproductivebehaviors. The conclusions which come fromthe research can have significant implications to superiorsin the scope of prophylactic actions aimed against counterproductivebehaviors.
The genus Corybas in Vietnam, with two new records
Authors: Truong Vuong Ba , Nguyen Van Canh , Ormerod Paul , Truong Quang Cuong , Chu Van Tan , Kumar Pankaj
Published: April 2020

An overview of the orchid genus Corybas in Vietnam is presented. It was known to be represented by a single species, C. annamensis. In this article, we report two new records, C. himalaicus, and C. geminigibbus. Detailed descriptions, synonyms, type data, information on ecology and phenology, distribution and color plates are provided for all three species along with the key to their identification.

Key Words: Corybas annamensis, Corybas geminigibbus, Corybas himalaicus, Orchidaceae, Orchidoideae
Análisis Multivariado y Aprendizaje Automático en la evaluación y pronóstico de los perfiles financieros en el sector de Telecomunicaciones en Colombia
Authors: De La Hoz Granadillo Efrain Javier , Fontalvo Herrera Tomás José , De La Hoz Dominguez Enrique
Published: April 2020

En esta investigación se desarrolla un método apoyado en las técnicas de Aprendizaje automático para evaluar y pronosticar perfiles financieros en el sector de Telecomunicaciones en Colombia. Lo anterior soportado en elementos conceptuales relacionados con el Análisis multivariado y herramientas de Aprendizaje automático. Para lo anterior, se utilizó información relacionada con los rublos financieros de 75 empresas, información que sirvió para calcular indicadores financieros y de productividad. Seguidamente se aplicó la técnica de análisis de conglomerados que permitió identificar y clasificar las empresas en tres grupos característicos del sector lográndose un nivel de homogeneidad de 0,,527 y heterogeneidad de 1,358. A partir de lo anterior se aplicó el algoritmo GLMNET asociado a las técnicas de Aprendizaje automático, lográndose un modelo que predice de manera correcta la pertenencia a los grupos identificados con un 98% de precisión. En general se valora el método que integra el análisis de conglomerados y el algoritmo de GLMNET para evaluar y pronosticar perfiles financieros y de productividad en el sector de telecomunicaciones en Colombia.
Estudio del efecto de la temperatura, concentración inicial de contaminante y dosis de adsorbente en la remoción de Níquel (II) usando residuos agroindustriales
Authors: Tejada Tovar Candelaria Nahir , Villabona Ortíz Angel , Osorio García Laura
Published: April 2020

El uso de residuos agroindustriales como materiales biosorbentes en procesos de adsorción ofrece altas eficiencias debido a sus características. Se estudió la adsorción de Ni (II) en solución usando residuos agroindustriales del proceso de obtención de almidón a partir de ñame (Dioscorea rotundata), determinando el efecto de la temperatura, concentración inicial y cantidad de adsorbente. Los ensayos de adsorción se realizaron en un sistema por lotes fijando el volumen de solución en 100 mL, pH 6 y agitación de 200 rpm; la concentración remanente en solución fue medida por absorción atómica. El adsorbente se caracterizó mediante análisis elemental y espectroscopia infrarroja de transformada de Fourier (FTIR). De los resultados, se establece que las variables estudiadas a los rangos escogidos no presentan significancia estadística. Se establece que es a 55 °C, 200 ppm y 0,355 gramos de biomaterial donde se obtiene una mayor capacidad de adsorción de 17,67 mg/g, obteniéndose un porcentaje de remoción del 91.17%. Estos resultados sugieren que residuos del proceso de almidón de ñame puede ser eficientemente usada para la remoción de iones de níquel presentes en soluciones acuosas.
The Interrelation structures – EDI of Regional Innovation System of local area. A Systemic Approach
Authors: BUELVAS CASTRO EDGARDO MANUEL , Henriquez Carlos
Published: April 2020

El presente artículo muestra un análisis de la interactividad del Sistema Regional de Innovación local– SRI, caso del departamento del Atlántico, con la intención de plantear unos lineamientos dentro del mencionado SRI, los cuales favorezcan la interactividad en las actividades de cooperación para el desarrollo tecnológico endógeno. Esta propuesta adopta las Estructuras de Interrelación – EDI según Fernández de Lucio [1], para magnificar las interacciones en el entorno científico del departamento Atlántico, tendiente al análisis de dinamización de la relación Universidad-Empresa bajo un Enfoque Sistémico. Para ello, se utilizaron cuestionarios, hojas de registro de datos relativos de proyectos, de observación y de entrevista a participantes de proyectos de cooperación y colaboración comenzándose a documentar el resultado de los objetivos. Los resultados encontrados en primer lugar tienen un peso mayor en los renglones de generación de conocimientos, para la empresa y la academia, predominantemente a través de la formación de talentos humanos.  En segundo lugar, los resultados se expresan en la mejora de procesos, que en ocasiones conllevan a la mejora técnica en los procesos de producción en las empresas, pero en muy baja proporción en la mejora de productos; y en mucha menor intensidad se generan innovaciones radicales o resultados en respuesta a la solución de problemas sociales o en atención a políticas gubernamentales.
Sergileme mekânlarında tasarım başarımının artırılmasına yönelik kriterlerin belirlenmesinde analitik bir yaklaşım
Authors: GARİP S. Banu
Published: April 2020

Günümüzde
iletişim ve etkileşim mekânları olarak tanımlanan sergileme mekânları
aracılığıyla farklı amaçlara yönelik olarak ziyaretçilere çok
boyutlu deneyimler sunulmaktadır. Bununla bağlantılı olarak sergileme tasarımı
da daha karmaşık hale gelmekte ve gereksinimler sürekli yeniden tanımlanmaya
ihtiyaç duymaktadır. Sergileme mekânlarının tasarım başarımı, tasarım sürecinin
ön tasarım aşamasında ve diğer aşamalarında çok boyutlu ve karmaşık yapıdaki
gereksinimlerin dikkate alınmasını gerektirir. Bu yüzden tasarımcı tarafından
tüm gereksinimlerin tespit edilmesi, öngörülmesi ve uygulama aşamasında
sağlandığına dair kontrolü gerekmektedir. Bu çalışma kapsamında sergileme mekânlarında
mekânsal gereksinimler bağlamında tasarım başarımının artırılmasına yönelik kriterlerin
tespit edilmesi için analitik bir araştırma yapılmıştır. Yöntem olarak
öncelikle sergileme mekânlarında mekânsal ihtiyaçların tespit edilebileceği
yayınlar üzerinden literatür araştırması yapılmış ve önemli olan kriterler
tespit edilmiştir. Bir sonraki aşamada elde edilen kriter verileri kategorize
edilerek bir matris oluşturulmuş ve bu matris üzerinde sistematik bir şekilde
analiz edilmiş ve değerlendirilmiştir. Bu çalışma ile birlikte tasarımcının
tasarım sürecinde kullanabileceği sergileme iç mekân tasarımı mekânsal
gereksinimler seti oluşturulmuştur. Bu tür çalışmaların yeniden üretilmesi, sergileme tasarımında
tasarımcı performansını önemli ölçüde artıracak ve gelecek tasarımlar için
bilgi ve deneyim paylaşımının güncel sürekliliğini sağlayacaktır.
Characteristics of profiling the peripheral blood T-cell receptor β-chain repertoire in gastric cancer
Authors: LIU YANWEN LIU YANWEN , Guo Nan nan Guo Nan nan , Wu Yi ting Wu Yi ting , Shi Yu hua Shi Yu hua
Published: April 2020

Background: Gastric cancer is the third cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide, and is initially detected and attacked by the immune system through tumor-reactive T cells. The aim of this study was to determine the basic characteristics of the peripheral blood T-cell receptor (TCR) repertoire in patients with gastric cancer. Methods: High throughput sequencing was used to identify hyper-variable rearrangements of complementarity determining region 3 (CDR3) of the TCR β chain to comprehensively profile the TCR repertoire in peripheral blood samples from 6 advanced gastric cancer patients and 3 early gastric cancer controls. Results: The study showed that the TCR repertoire differed substantially between advanced cancer patients and early controls in terms of CDR3 clonotype, diversity and V/J segment usage. Specifically, low diversity reflected a worse immune status and prognosis in advanced gastric cancer. However the diversity of TCR was not significant difference in wild or mutation patients. Conclusion: TCR repertoire analysis served as a useful indicator of disease development and prognosis in gastric cancer and may be utilized to be biomarker for immunotherapy.
The alignment alteration of transverse plane in growing rabbits after patella dislocation
Authors: Niu Jinghui , Qi Qi , Piao Kang , Hao Kuo , Wang Fei
Published: April 2020

Background: Torsional malalignment in transverse plan has been regarded as a risk factor for patella dislocation. But the influence of patella dislocation for torsional alignment development remains unknown. The present study aims to investigate whether the torsion alteration of the hindlimb occur after patella dislocation in growing rabbits. Methods : Thirty rabbits that were 1 months old were included in the study. The left knees of each rabbit (N = 30 knees/group), were underwent patella lateral dislocation operation and defined as the experimental group. The right knees of each rabbit, defined as the control group (N =30 knees/group), did not undergo any surgical procedures. Computed tomography was performed on each knee immediately post-surgery and 5 months post-surgery to measure femoral version and tibial torsion. The angles was analyzed between the experimental group and control group. Results : The femoral version and tibia torsion in the experimental and control group were not significantly different immediately after surgery. However, 5 months after surgery, the femoral version of the experimental group (-5.50±6.13°) was significantly different with that of the experimental group (-10.90±4.74°)( P < 0.05). But the tibia angle in the experimental group (7.17±7.25°) and control group (4.47±6.34°) were not significantly different ( P = 0.144). Conclusion : Patella dislocation can lead to significant change in femoral version in growing rabbits. Thus if adolescents suffer from patella dislocation or instability for a long time in growing period, the torsional malalignment in lower limbs may occur.
Circulating branched-chain amino acid concentrations are associated with skeletal muscle mass and thyroid function in young Japanese men
Authors: Tsunekawa Katsuhiko , Matsumoto Ryutaro , Ushiki Kazumi , Martha Larasati , Shoho Yoshifumi , Yanagawa Yoshimaro , Ishigaki Hirotaka , Yoshida Akihiro , Araki Osamu , Nakajima Kiyomi , Kimura Takao , Murakami Masami
Published: April 2020

Background Few nutritional markers reflect the hypermetabolic state of athletes with high levels of skeletal muscle. Although branched-chain amino acids (BCAA) play crucial roles in protein metabolism in skeletal muscle, the relation between circulating BCAA concentration and skeletal muscle mass has not been fully understood. The aim of this study is to evaluate the association between skeletal muscle mass and serum BCAA to tyrosine ratio (BTR), a convenient indicator of circulating BCAA, in young Japanese men including wrestling athletes with high skeletal muscle mass. Methods The study enrolled 111 young Japanese men: 70 wrestling athletes and 41 controls. None were taking medications or undergoing extreme dietary restriction or an intense exercise regimen. Each participant’s body composition, serum concentrations of albumin and rapid turnover proteins, BTR, and thyroid function were assessed. Results Compared to the controls, the athletes had significantly higher weight-adjusted skeletal muscle mass (SMM) (p < 0.001) and skeletal muscle index (SMI) (p < 0.001), and lower serum albumin concentration (p < 0.001) and BTR (p < 0.001). Kruskal–Wallis tests with Bonferroni multiple comparison tests showed that serum albumin concentration and BTR were significantly lower in the participants with higher SMM and SMI. Spearman's correlation analyses showed that SMM and SMI were inversely correlated with serum albumin concentration (SMM, ρ = −0.315, p = 0.001; SMI, ρ = −0.511, p < 0.001) and BTR (SMM, ρ = −0.424, p < 0.001; SMI, ρ = −0.511, p < 0.001). Serum albumin concentration was positively correlated with BTR (ρ = 0.438, p < 0.001), transthyretin (ρ = 0.281, p = 0.003) and transferrin (ρ = 0.299, p = 0.001), but BTR was not correlated with other nutritional indicators. Serum concentration of free 3,5,3′-triiodothyronine was inversely correlated with BTR (ρ = −0.308, p = 0.001), but not with serum albumin or skeletal muscle mass. Conclusions These results suggest that the consumption of circulating BCAAs increases with increased skeletal muscle mass and is facilitated by thyroid hormones independent of skeletal muscle mass. Serum BTR may be a useful biomarker to assess the hypermetabolic state of athletes.
Remaining useful life prediction based on a modified SVR method with health stage division, cluster sampling and similarity matching
Authors: Yan Jian-wen , Zhong Xiao-hu , Cheng Yu-cheng , Fan Yu
Published: April 2020

Remaining useful life (RUL) prediction is an advanced methodology of prognostics and health management (PHM), and is in advantage of life cycles management of equipment and maintenance cost reduction. Among the data driven methods, support vector regression (SVR) is one of the most suitable methods when there are limited failure history data for analysis. However, many uncertain factors such as individual variation and time varying operating conditions, will lead that the failure time of all equipment statistically dispersive, and with the increase of sample set, such dispersity may inevitably increase and further reflects in the model training. In consequent, the dispersity may cause two drawbacks. On the one hand, the linearity of SVR model will increase with the increase of sample set, and overfitting or underfitting tends to occur. And on the other hand, a single model only performs well in its generalization and robustness, but may lost its effectiveness that it may fail to work well for a new on-service equipment. In order to deal with the two drawbacks, this paper proposes a modified SVR method with health stage division, cluster sampling and similarity matching. Through health stage division and cluster sampling, each state of the whole degradation process can obtain the optimal parameters, then the irrelevant linearity can be reduced. In addition, since that similar input results similar output, the optimal parameters of the most similar testing sample are also suitable for the on-service equipment, and through similarity matching the most similar testing sample can be obtained, thus the drawback of a single model can be avoided. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed method is verified systematically by a simulated dataset of fatigue crack growth and a real-world degradation dataset of GaAs-based lasers.
Blockchain Leveraged Cyberbullying Preventing framework
Authors: Wadud Md Anawar Hossen , Uddin Md Ashraf , Parvez Shamima , Rahman Mohammad Motiur , Alazab Ammar , Akter Omi
Published: April 2020

The popularity of social media has exploded worldwide over the last few decades and becomes the most preferred mode of social interaction. The internet also provides a new platform through which adolescents are being bullied. Appropriate means of cyberbullying detection is still partial and in some cases very limited. Moreover, research on cyberbullying detection extensively focuses on surveys and its psychological impacts on victims. However, prevention has not been widely addressed. To bridge the gap, this paper aims to detect cyberbullying efficiently. This paper employs a standard machine learning method and natural language processing technique as a part of the detection process in decentralized Blockchain leveraged architecture. We provide a fog based architecture for cyberbullying detection, aiming at relieving the server's load by placing the detection and the prevention of cyberbullying processes at the fog layer. The proposal might offer a probable solution to save users, particularly adolescents from severe consequences of cyberbullying.
Bacillus subtilis from Potato Rhizosphere as Biological Control Agent and Chili Growth Promoter
Authors: Prihatiningsih Nur , Djatmiko Heru Adi , Erminawati Erminawati , Lestari Puji
Published: April 2020

Bacillus subtilis is an antagonist bacteria  that inhibits the growth of fungal and bacterial plant pathogens. The B. subtilis has roles as biocontrol agents and plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR). This research aimed to evaluate the potency of B. subtilis isolates (B209, B211, and B298) as a biocontrol agent to anthracnose (caused by Colletotrichum spp.) and as PGPR to increase the growth of chili plants. The experiments were divided into two batches. The first batch was conducted in the laboratory to evaluate the characteristics of B. subtilis (as biocontrol) and PGPR (phosphate solubility, producing IAA and nitrogen). The second batch was conducted in the field in Rempoah Village, Baturraden Regency, Banyumas District, with 5 treatments and 6 replications. Parameters observed were inhibition percentage to Colletotrichum spp., disease intensity, the component of PGPR, plant growth of chili, and phatosystem. The results showed that B209, B211, and B298 isolates inhibited the growth of Colletotrichum spp, with the highest inhibition percentage on B298. B209, B211, and B298 have characteristics as PGPR, i.e. the ability to soluble phosphate, to produce IAA and nitrogen. The ability of B298 to promote plant growth was shown by the increase of plant height, leaf number, plant dry mass, and dry root mass (38.0%, 54.7%, 61.7%, 61.8%, respectively). B298 and B211 could increase the fresh crop mass (41.2% and 37.1%) and fresh root mass (36.4% and 34.4%). B298 and B209 were similar in increasing the root length (25.2%). Root volume could be increased by 33.3% by applying B211 isolate. B209 was the best isolate to reduce anthracnose up to 80.36%.
Memórias e histórias do ensino de arte em Pernambuco
Authors: Silva Maria Betânia e
Published: April 2020

O texto aborda memórias e histórias do ensino de arte em Pernambuco com base em narrativas construídas a partir dos resultados de duas pesquisas que objetivaram compreender o processo de inserção da arte no currículo escolar e que arte passou a ser ensinada na escola após esta inserção. O foco está centrado nas três décadas posteriores a segunda metade do século XX e o trabalho busca contribuir, também, para identificar permanências e rupturas nos processos educativos contemporâneos.
A produção de uma narrativa visual acerca do Palácio Cruz e Sousa, sede do Museu Histórico de Santa Catarina
Authors: Macedo Káritha Bernardo de , Sant´Anna Mara Rúbia
Published: April 2020

Relato sobre o desenvolvimento de uma narrativa visual sobre o Palácio Cruz e Sousa, sede do Museu Histórico de Santa Catarina, em Florianópolis. Orientando-nos pelo ponto de vista pedagógico, busca-se mostrar que todo museu possui o potencial para se elaborar narrativas visuais e, a partir destas, identificar conceitos que levem a uma prospecção em criatividade. Inicialmente se debruça sobre o que é uma narrativa e suas possibilidades de gerar um aprendizado, tomando a perspectiva de Connelly e Clandinin (1995). A partir de Martins e Tourinho (2009), a narrativa é pensada no âmbito da cultura visual, enquanto uma forma de problematização do olhar, das representações e relações. O papel educativo dos museus foi explorado a partir de Leite (2005) e de Barbosa (2012).
Paradoxes in scientific cognition and nonclassical logics
Authors: Iashin Boris Leonidovich
Published: April 2020

The subject of this research is the scientific paradoxes and such means for its resolution as nonclassical logics. The author defends a thesis that paradoxes often stimulate the scientific development. It is demonstrated that most vividly the problem of paradoxes manifested in crises in the fundamentals of mathematics; the attempts for its resolution in many ways contributes to the emergence of nonclassical logics. It is substantiated that nonclassical logics helped to resolve and explain the paraded occurring in scientific cognition. Comparative analysis is conducted on the capabilities of  three-valued “quantum logics” of Garrett Birkhoff and John von Neumann and “logics of complementarity” of Hans Reichenbach. Potential of the three-valued logics of D. Bochvar and nonclassical systems of A. Zinoviev in resolution and explanation of logical paradoxes, as well as importance of temporary logics of G. H. Wright for the philosophy of science is revealed. Special attention is paid  to the paraconsistent logics. The author determines two points of view in understanding of their essence and value for science and philosophy, which juxtaposition shows that none of them fully complies with the actual state of affairs. The main conclusion consists in the statement that paradoxes of scientific cognition should not be assessed just negatively; they also carry a positive meaning: detection of paradoxes in the theory testifies to the need for their elimination, more detailed research and stricter approach towards development of the theory, which in solution of this task can be accomplished by nonclassical logics.
TEACHERS ABOUT LEARNING (IN) TO COOPERATION
Authors: Kaminska Malgozhata
Published: April 2020

The article presents selected results of own research on the learning and cooperation of teachers in school teams.
The opinions of teachers and directors on the need for team learning in cooperation and its manifestations in school practice were examined. Team learning was interpreted as the mutual transfer of knowledge, skills and professional and personal experience, through active and conscious participation in a team of people cooperating with each other on the principles of partnership and open communication.
Key words: collaborative learning, teamwork, continuous improvement, teacher collaboration.
Spatio-Temporal Change of Atmospheric Precipitation on Territory of North-West of Ukraine
Authors: Budnik Svetlana Vasilivna
Published: April 2020

The direction of the trend of precipitation over time is an important characteristic for both theoretical and practical use. The presented study is devoted to the analysis of changes in the territory of the trend of precipitation over the year over time. At the present stage of climate change in the north-west of Ukraine, there is a general tendency to increase rainfall over the year. This trend is not the same across the territory and depends on the height and latitude of the area. The amount of precipitation varies both in space and in time, however, the distribution of the characteristics of the rains themselves (intensity, duration and others) continue to remain similar throughout the territory. The revealed features of changes in the amount of precipitation in space and time can be useful in studying the unevenness of wetting, forecasting floods, changes in erosion activity, etc.
ANALISIS PENDIDIKAN DARAH WANITA DALAM KURIKULUM RENDAH DAN MENENGAH DI MALAYSIA
Authors: Saleh Siti Fatimah Binti , Yusuff Zurita Binti Mohd , Ismail Siti Khatijah Binti , Nordin Nadhirah Binti , Muda Tengku Fatimah Muliana Binti Tengku , Ali Ramlah Binti Mat
Published: April 2020

Abstrak: Pendidikan darah wanita merupakan korpus ilmu yang wajib dikuasai oleh setiap muslim lelaki dan perempuan. Ulama silam telah memperakui kesukaran menguasai ilmu tentang darah wanita. Rentetan itu, berlaku pengamalan bervariasi yang menyebabkan berlaku silap faham masyarakat terhadap kaedah penentuan darah wanita. Hal ini menuntut kepada satu analisis tentang pendidikan darah wanita dalam kurikulum pendidikan Islam rendah dan menengah, ia menjadi objektif utama kepada kertas kerja ini dan mengenalpasti ilmu asas darah wanita yang perlu diutamakan sebagai pendidikan awal darah wanita kepada pelajar. Kajian ini menggunakan kaedah kepustakaan dengan menganalisis kandungan buku teks pendidikan Islam rendah dan menengah, teks kelasik dalam bidang fiqh, tafsir, hadis dan bahasa. Selain itu, kaedah pemerhatian kefahaman peserta kelas belia dan dewasa, bagi kelas pengajian darah wanita berasaskan soalan yang diajukan oleh peserta tentang status darah wanita. Kajian mendapati, silibus berkaitan pendidikan ilmu darah wanita dalam kurikulum pendidikan Islam samaada di peringkat rendah atau menengah di Malaysia hanya terbatas kepada konotasi sahaja iaitu haid, nifas, istihadhah dan wiladah. Tiada perbincangan hukum secara khusus kecuali disebut secara tidak langsung dalam topik perbincangan puasa dan mandi. Pembelajaran secara tidak berfokus memberi implikasi kepada tahap pemahaman dan usia pelajar mempelajari tentang hukum hakam darah wanita yang bervariasi ekoran tiada keselarasan skop dan tempoh pembelajaran.
Особливості чисельного вирішення диференційних рівнянь моделей ланчестерського типу у стохастичній постановці
Authors: Машкін О.О.
Published: April 2020

У статті приведений короткий огляд можливої сфери застосування модифікацій моделей ланчестерського типу, а також розглянуті деякі особливості чисельного вирішення диференційних рівнянь таких моделей у стохастичній постановці. Стохастична постановка дозволяє ураховувати випадкові фактори та елементи невизначеності, які впливатимуть на динаміку змін чисельності протиборчих угруповань, і які у певній мірі присутні у будь-яких бойових діях. На відміну від детермінованих моделей, стохастичні моделі потребують використання спеціальних методів, вибір конкретного з яких може ґрунтуватися на вимогах до ступеню їх збіжності на інтервалі інтегрування. Оцінка збіжності може слугувати також для перевірки правильності програмної реалізації обраного методу.
Clarifying the Placement of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder in the Empirical Structure of Psychopathology
Authors: Faure Katherine , Forbes Miriam K.
Published: April 2020

Recent work on the empirical structure of psychopathology has aimed to address some limitations that can arise from traditional categorical classification approaches. This research has focused on modeling patterns of co-occurrence among traditional diagnoses, uncovering a variety of well-validated dimensions (or spectra) of psychopathology, spanning common and uncommon mental disorders. A model integrating these empirically derived spectra (the Hierarchical Taxonomy of Psychopathology; HiTOP) has been proposed. However, the placement of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) within this model remains unclear, as studies have variably found OCD to fit best as part of the Fear, Distress or Thought Disorder spectra. One reason for this may be the heterogeneity of symptoms experienced by individuals with OCD, which is lost when analysing categorical diagnoses. For example, different symptom clusters within OCD—such as washing and contamination versus obsessions and checking—may be differentially associated with different spectra in the HiTOP model. The aim of this study was to test this hypothesis. Data were collected in an anonymous online survey from community participants with high levels of psychopathology (n = 609), and analyzed in a confirmatory factor analysis framework. The results indicated that the washing and contamination and symmetry and ordering symptom clusters fit best under the Fear spectrum, whereas the obsessions and checking and hoarding clusters fit best under the Thought Disorder spectrum. These findings suggest that OCD may be best characterized as cross-loading between the Fear and Thought Disorder spectra, and highlight the importance of accounting for diagnostic heterogeneity in future research.
10. Administrasi Ketatausahaan
Authors: Mandayanti Ditri Wily , Afriansyah Hade
Published: April 2020

The purpose of written this article is to find out what matters relating to administrative administration, namely the understanding of administrative administration, administrative processes of administration, office / school spatial planning and the role of teachers in administrative administration. School administration is an educational administration activity that manages records, collects, stores data, and documents that can be used to assist leaders in making decisions, regulating correspondence and reporting on school activities. . The function of administrative activities is only to keep a record of everything that happens in an organization (office, school, organization, etc.) to be used as information for leaders. The method used in the updating of this article is the literature or literature method.
Reliable quantification of COVID-19 mortality worldwide
Authors: Jha Prabhat , Gelband Hellen , La Vecchia Carlo , Bogoch Isaac , Brown Patrick , Nagelkerke Nico
Published: April 2020

A proper understanding of COVID-19 mortality is central to effective responses. We examine the trends in mortality rates and totals in China, South Korea, Italy, Spain, and New York State to provide some estimate of possible best and worst-case scenarios of COVID-19 deaths in high-income countries. We review also the challenges in tracking mortality in low-income countries, where many deaths occur at home without medical certification, and for which alternative systems to document COVID-19 mortality will be needed. We also explain the role and appropriate timing of antibody-based surveillance to understand the extent of the first wave of COVID-19 and resulting case fatality rates.