bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pemeriksaan Kimia Darah (Glukosa Darah, Kolesterol dan Asam Urat) Menggunakan Metode Stick Test dan Metode Spektrofotometri dari Sampel Darah Masyarakat RW 22 Kelurahan Nusukan Kecamatan Banjarsari Kota Surakarta
Authors: Binugraheni Rinda , Primadevi Susan , Nugroho Rahmat Budi , Kresnadipayana Dian , Budianto Gregorius Indra
Published: January 2018

Nusukan is one village with a tendency for people who prefer to consume fast food and lack of attention to a healthy lifestyle. This causes a lot of society are affected by diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia and uric acid. Nusukan society RW 22 who are not aware that they have the disease. For it is necessary to check blood glucose levels, cholesterol and uric acid that can be detected early. The purpose of this program is to provide education on the dangers and prevention of diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia, and uric acid. It is also to help people to detect diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia and uric acid using stick test and spektropothometry method. Of the 30 people there were seven people who are abnormal blood glucose levels or diabetes mellitus, according stated test stick method, whereas in spectrophotometric methods there are 2 people. Uric acid test of RW 22, there are 7 people who exceed the normal limits, whereas cholesterol levels there are 22 people who exceed normal cholesterol levels (hyperlipidemia) with a test stick method, whereas in sprektropothometry there are 18 people who hyperlipidemia. Methods stick test results show higher levels compared to the spectrophotometric method.
Hubungan Pemberian Reward dengan Motivasi Kerja Perawat di Ruang Rawat Inap Rumah Sakit JIH Yogyakarta
Authors: Widuri Widuri , Maryadi Maryadi , Vianasih Yuli
Published: January 2018

Background: The award is very important to increase the productive activity, it is expected the award given to an individual can improve employee motivation for work valued thus improving the performance of employees and to motivate the work of nurses.

Objective: To determine the relationship of reward and motivation of nurses in the inpatient hospital JIH Yogyakarta.

Method: Types of non-experimental research design with descriptive analytic and quantitative methods, and using cross sectional approach. Sampling technique used is total sampling (87 nurses). The instruments used were questionnaires about reward and motivation. This research was conducted in inpatient hospital JIH Yogyakarta from January to February 2015.

Result: Spearman's test results show that the significance value of 0.447 (> 0.05) showed that no significant relationship between the two variables at a very low level of closeness (r -0.083).

Conclusion: There was no significant relationship between reward and motivation of nurses in patient wards of hospitals JIH Yogyakarta in 2015.
Tingkat Pengetahuan Ibu Hamil Trimester II Tentang Kebutuhan Nutrisi
Authors: Ayuningtyas Ika Fitria , Wijayanti Hafifah
Published: January 2018

Background : Pregnant mothers’ nutritional status is partly influenced by knowledge level. Early study signaled that there were 47,25 % of pregnant mothers who suffered Chronic Energy Deficiency and the result of interviews found out that 7 out of 10 pregnant mothers had insufficient understanding about nutritional need. This fact encouraged the researcher to hold a study about the knowledge level of second term pregnant mothers about nutritional need in Sanden Community Health Center, Bantul, Yogyakarta

Objective : To uncover the knowledge level of second term pregnant mothers about nutritional intake need in Sanden Community Health Center, Bantul, Yogyakarta

Method : This was a quantitative descriptive study. Population in this study was Second Term pregnant mothers who underwent pregnancy examination in Sanden Community Health Center, Bantul, Yogyakarta, during June – July 2014. 30 respondents were sorted with Incidental Sampling technique. Data collecting used primary data and the instrument used was closed questionnaire.

Result : This study finally categorized the knowledge level of pregnant mothers in Good category (33,3 %), Sufficient category (60,0 %), and Poor category (6,7 %).

Conclusion : The knowledge level of second term pregnant mothers about nutritional need were categorized as enough so that it is recommended that pregnant mothers improve their understanding about nutritional need during pregnancy.

Suggestion : Midwives in Community Health Centre are supposed  to hold dissemination about nutritional need during pregnancy so that it may prevent any Chronic Energy Deficiency.
Hubungan Kepatuhan Minum Tablet Fe dengan Anemia Ibu Hamil di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Grabag II Kabupaten Magelang
Authors: Sari Fatimah , Ananti Yustina , Tombokan Enywati Iris
Published: January 2018

Background : Anemia in pregnant women in a national problem. In Indonesia, the incidence of anemia in pregnancy is quite high. Anemia prevention program does is provide iron tablet that preparations Fe. How to consume tablets Fe followed by respondents as important to follow the advice given by the researchers then the tendency will increase in hemoglobin levels as expected.

Objective : Given the relationship between adherence Fe tablets in pregnant women with anemia Puskesmas Grabag II Magelang regency.

Methods : This study is a correlational research analytic, using a cross- sectional survey design. The sampling technique used was purposive sample of the number of samples in this study were 134 respondents.

Results : There was a relationship adherence Fe tablets with maternal anemia status in Puskesmas Grabag II Magelang regency with p value of 0.000 (0.000 < 0.05) and the relationship is strong enough that the value of the Contingency Coefficient 0.556.

Conclusion : There is a relationship adherence Fe tablets with maternal anemia status.
The Relation of Knowledge and Life Style with Hipertension at Puskesmas Depok 2 Condong Catur Sleman
Authors: Dewi Eltanina Ulfameytalia , Bakri Maria H. , Dari Yohanes
Published: January 2018

Background: Hypertension is non-contagious disease caused by several factors such as stress, obesity, nutritions, and life style. Some people were known to consume junk food, smoking, and never routinely exercise.

Objective: The aim is to find out the relationship of knowledge and life style with hypertension at Puskesmas Depok 2 Condong Catur Sleman Yogyakarta.

Method: This is an analytical correlation research with cross sectional method. This research was conducted outpatient who attended Puskesmas Depok 2 Condong Catur Sleman Yogyakarta using purposive sampling as many with 129 patients.

Result: Knowledge as general is enough 48,1% and life syle(41,1%). Hypertension as moderate level 49,6%. Ther is correlation between knowledge and life style with hypertention p value 0,000.

Conclusion: There is a significant correlation between knowledge and life style with hypertension.
More Sustainability in Industry through Industrial Internet of Things?
Authors: Beier Grischa , Niehoff Silke , Xue Bing
Published: January 2018

Industrial production plays an important role for achieving a green economy and the sustainable development goals. Therefore, the nascent transformation of industrial production due to digitalization into a so-called Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) is of great interest from a sustainable development point of view. This paper discusses how the environmental dimension of a sustainable development can potentially benefit from the IIoT—focusing especially on three topics: resource efficiency, sustainable energy and transparency. It presents a state of the art literature analysis of IIoT-enabled approaches addressing the three environmental topics. This analysis is compared with the findings of a survey among Chinese industrial companies, investigating the sustainability-related expectations of participants coming along with the implementation of IIoT solutions. China has been chosen as a case study because it brings together a strong industrial sector, ambitious plans regarding industrial digitalization and a high relevance and need for more sustainability. The survey was conducted with the means of a questionnaire which was distributed via email and used for direct on-site interviews. It focused on large and medium sized companies mainly from Liaoning Province and had a sample size of 109 participants.
Regulation of Cancer Stem Cell Metabolism by Secreted Frizzled-Related Protein 4 (sFRP4)
Authors: Deshmukh Abhijeet , Arfuso Frank , Newsholme Philip , Dharmarajan Arun
Published: January 2018

Tumours contain a small number of treatment-resistant cancer stem cells (CSCs), and it is through these that tumour regrowth originates at secondary sites, thus rendering CSCs an attractive target for treatment. Cancer cells adapt cellular metabolism for aggressive proliferation. Tumour cells use less efficient glycolysis for the production of ATP and increasing tumour mass, instead of oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS). CSCs show distinct metabolic shift and, depending on the cancer type, can be highly glycolytic or OXPHOS dependent. Since Wnt signalling promotes glycolysis and tumour growth, we investigated the effect of the Wnt antagonist secreted frizzled-related protein 4 (sFRP4) on CSC metabolism. We demonstrate that sFRP4 has a prominent role in basal glucose uptake in CSCs derived from breast and prostate tumour cell lines. We show that sFRP4 treatment on CSCs isolated with variable glucose content induces metabolic reprogramming by relocating metabolic flux to glycolysis or OXPHOS. Altogether, sFRP4 treatment compromises cell proliferation and critically affects cell survival mechanisms such as viability, glucose transporters, pyruvate conversion, mammalian target of rapamycin, and induces CSC apoptosis under conditions of variable glucose content. Our findings provide the feasibility of using sFRP4 to inhibit CSC survival in order to induce metabolic reprogramming in vivo.
Best-Fit Probability Distributions and Return Periods for Maximum Monthly Rainfall in Bangladesh
Authors: Alam Md , Emura Kazuo , Farnham Craig , Yuan Jihui
Published: January 2018

The study of frequency analysis is important to find the most suitable model that could anticipate extreme events of certain natural phenomena e.g., rainfall, floods, etc. The goal of this study is to determine the best-fit probability distributions in the case of maximum monthly rainfall using 30 years of data (1984–2013) from 35 locations in Bangladesh by using different statistical analysis and distribution types. Commonly used frequency distributions were applied. Parameters of these distributions were estimated by the method of moments and L-moments estimators. Three goodness-of-fit test statistics were applied. The best-fit result of each station was taken as the distribution with the lowest sum of the rank scores from each of the three test statistics. Generalized Extreme Value, Pearson type 3 and Log-Pearson type 3 distributions showed the largest number of best-fit results. Among the best score results, Generalized Extreme Value yielded the best-fit for 36% of the stations and Pearson type 3 and Log-Pearson type 3 each yielded the best-fit for 26% of the stations. The more practical result of this paper was that the 10-year, 25-year, 50-year and 100-year return periods of maximum monthly rainfall were calculated for all locations. The result of this study can be used to develop more accurate models of flooding risk and damage.
Fault Diagnosis Using Improved Complete Ensemble Empirical Mode Decomposition with Adaptive Noise and Power-Based Intrinsic Mode Function Selection Algorithm
Authors: Han Hyungseob , Cho Sangjin , Kwon Sundeok , Cho Sang-Bock
Published: January 2018

In the fault diagnosis system using empirical mode decomposition (EMD), it is important to select the intrinsic mode functions (IMFs) which contain as much fault information as possible and to alleviate the problems of mode mixing and spurious modes. An effective solution to these problems in the decomposition process can help to determine significant IMFs and to improve the performance of the fault diagnosis system. This paper describes a novel power-based IMF selection algorithm and evaluates the performance of the proposed fault diagnosis system using improved complete ensemble EMD with adaptive noise and a multi-layer perceptron neural network.
The Ordered Capacitated Multi-Objective Location-Allocation Problem for Fire Stations Using Spatial Optimization
Authors: Bolouri Samira , Vafaeinejad Alireza , Alesheikh Ali , Aghamohammadi Hossein
Published: January 2018

Determining the positions of facilities, and allocating demands to them, is a vitally important problem. Location-allocation problems are optimization NP-hard procedures. This article evaluates the ordered capacitated multi-objective location-allocation problem for fire stations, using simulated annealing and a genetic algorithm, with goals such as minimizing the distance and time as well as maximizing the coverage. After tuning the parameters of the algorithms using sensitivity analysis, they were used separately to process data for Region 11, Tehran. The results showed that the genetic algorithm was more efficient than simulated annealing, and therefore, the genetic algorithm was used in later steps. Next, we increased the number of stations. Results showed that the model can successfully provide seven optimal locations and allocate high demands (280,000) to stations in a discrete space in a GIS, assuming that the stations’ capacities are known. Following this, we used a weighting program so that in each repetition, we could allot weights to each target randomly. Finally, by repeating the model over 10 independent executions, a set of solutions with the least sum and the highest number of non-dominated solutions was selected from among many non-dominated solutions as the best set of optimal solutions.
Changes in the Distribution of Cocaine- and Amphetamine-Regulated Transcript-Containing Neural Structures in the Human Colon Affected by the Neoplastic Process
Authors: Oponowicz Agnieszka , Kozłowska Anna , Gonkowski Sławomir , Godlewski Janusz , Majewski Mariusz
Published: January 2018

The present study analysed changes in the distribution pattern of cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript (CART) in the enteric nervous system (ENS) of the human colon challenged by adenocarcinoma invasion, using the double-labelling immunofluorescence technique. In control specimens, CART immunoreactivity was found in neurons of all studied plexuses, representing 30.1 ± 4.1%, 12.9 ± 5.2%, and 4.1 ± 1.3% of all neurons forming the myenteric plexus (MP), outer submucous plexus (OSP), and inner submucous plexus (ISP), respectively. Tumour growth into the colon wall caused an increase in the relative frequency of CART-like immunoreactive (CART-LI) neurons in enteric plexuses located in the vicinity of the infiltrating neoplasm (to 36.1 ± 6.7%, 32.7 ± 7.3% and 12.1 ± 3.8% of all neurons in MP, OSP and ISP, respectively). The density of CART-LI nerves within particular layers of the intestinal wall did not differ between control and adenocarcinoma-affected areas of the human colon. This is the first detailed description of the CART distribution pattern within the ENS during the adenocarcinoma invasion of the human colon wall. The obtained results suggest that CART probably acts as a neuroprotective factor and may be involved in neuronal plasticity evoked by the progression of a neoplastic process.
Glyoxalases in Urological Malignancies
Authors: Antognelli Cinzia , Talesa Vincenzo
Published: January 2018

Urological cancers include a spectrum of malignancies affecting organs of the reproductive and/or urinary systems, such as prostate, kidney, bladder, and testis. Despite improved primary prevention, detection and treatment, urological cancers are still characterized by an increasing incidence and mortality worldwide. While advances have been made towards understanding the molecular bases of these diseases, a complete understanding of the pathological mechanisms remains an unmet research goal that is essential for defining safer pharmacological therapies and prognostic factors, especially for the metastatic stage of these malignancies for which no effective therapies are currently being used. Glyoxalases, consisting of glyoxalase 1 (Glo1) and glyoxalase 2 (Glo2), are enzymes that catalyze the glutathione-dependent metabolism of cytotoxic methylglyoxal (MG), thus protecting against cellular damage and apoptosis. They are generally overexpressed in numerous cancers as a survival strategy by providing a safeguard through enhancement of MG detoxification. Increasing evidence suggests that glyoxalases, especially Glo1, play an important role in the initiation and progression of urological malignancies. In this review, we highlight the critical role of glyoxalases as regulators of tumorigenesis in the prostate through modulation of various critical signaling pathways, and provide an overview of the current knowledge on glyoxalases in bladder, kidney and testis cancers. We also discuss the promise and challenges for Glo1 inhibitors as future anti-prostate cancer (PCa) therapeutics and the potential of glyoxalases as biomarkers for PCa diagnosis.
Implementation of Glycan Remodeling to Plant-Made Therapeutic Antibodies
Authors: Bennett Lindsay , Yang Qiang , Berquist Brian , Giddens John , Ren Zhongjie , Kommineni Vally , Murray Ryan , White Earl , Holtz Barry , Wang Lai-Xi , Marcel Sylvain
Published: January 2018

N-glycosylation profoundly affects the biological stability and function of therapeutic proteins, which explains the recent interest in glycoengineering technologies as methods to develop biobetter therapeutics. In current manufacturing processes, N-glycosylation is host-specific and remains difficult to control in a production environment that changes with scale and production batches leading to glycosylation heterogeneity and inconsistency. On the other hand, in vitro chemoenzymatic glycan remodeling has been successful in producing homogeneous pre-defined protein glycoforms, but needs to be combined with a cost-effective and scalable production method. An efficient chemoenzymatic glycan remodeling technology using a plant expression system that combines in vivo deglycosylation with an in vitro chemoenzymatic glycosylation is described. Using the monoclonal antibody rituximab as a model therapeutic protein, a uniform Gal2GlcNAc2Man3GlcNAc2 (A2G2) glycoform without α-1,6-fucose, plant-specific α-1,3-fucose or β-1,2-xylose residues was produced. When compared with the innovator product Rituxan®, the plant-made remodeled afucosylated antibody showed similar binding affinity to the CD20 antigen but significantly enhanced cell cytotoxicity in vitro. Using a scalable plant expression system and reducing the in vitro deglycosylation burden creates the potential to eliminate glycan heterogeneity and provide affordable customization of therapeutics’ glycosylation for maximal and targeted biological activity. This feature can reduce cost and provide an affordable platform to manufacture biobetter antibodies.
Simulation of Reinforced Reactive Injection Molding with the Finite Volume Method
Authors: Wittemann Florian , Maertens Robert , Bernath Alexander , Hohberg Martin , Kärger Luise , Henning Frank
Published: January 2018

The reactive process of reinforced thermoset injection molding significantly influences the mechanical properties of the final composite structure. Therefore, reliable process simulation is crucial to predict the process behavior and relevant process effects. Virtual process design is thus highly important for the composite manufacturing industry for creating high quality parts. Although thermoset injection molding shows a more complex flow behavior, state of the art molding simulation software typically focusses on thermoplastic injection molding. To overcome this gap in virtual process prediction, the present work proposes a finite volume (FV) based simulation method, which models the multiphase flow with phase-dependent boundary conditions. Compared to state-of-the-art Finite-Element-based approaches, Finite-Volume-Method (FVM) provides more adequate multiphase flow modeling by calculating the flow at the cell surfaces with an Eulerian approach. The new method also enables the description of a flow region with partial wall contact. Furthermore, fiber orientation, curing and viscosity models are used to simulate the reinforced reactive injection molding process. The open source Computational-Fluid-Dynamics (CFD) toolbox OpenFOAM is used for implementation. The solver is validated with experimental pressure data recorded during mold filling. Additionally, the simulation results are compared to commercial Finite-Element-Method software. The simulation results of the new FV-based CFD method fit well with the experimental data, showing that FVM has a high potential for modeling reinforced reactive injection molding.
An Investigation of Smooth TV-Like Regularization in the Context of the Optical Flow Problem
Authors: Kalmoun El
Published: January 2018

Total variation (TV) is widely used in many image processing problems including the regularization of optical flow estimation. In order to deal with non differentiability of the TV regularization term, smooth approximations have been considered in the literature. In this paper, we investigate the use of three known smooth TV approximations, namely: the Charbonnier, Huber and Green functions. We establish the maximum theoretical error of these approximations and discuss their performance evaluation when applied to the optical flow problem.
Metabolomics and Biomarkers for Drug Discovery
Authors: Yeung Pollen
Published: January 2018

Metabolomics and biomarkers are increasingly used in drug discovery and development, and are applied to personalized medicine. Progress in these research areas has increased our understanding of disease pathology and improved therapeutic strategies for many diseases with unmet challenges. Further advances will ultimately result in the development of better drugs and breakthrough therapies, which will benefit millions of patients suffering from chronic and life-threatening diseases worldwide.
The Fabrication of Micro-Array Channels with the Ultrafine-Grained LZ91 Mg-Li Alloy by Micro-Embossing
Authors: Su Qian , Xu Jie , Wang Chenxi , Shan Debin , Guo Bin
Published: January 2018

The fabrication of the micro-channel array through micro-embossing on an ultrafine-grained (UFG) LZ91 Mg-Li alloy was investigated in this paper. Micro-embossing tests indicated that the depth of the channels increase with increasing temperatures. Micro-array channels with widths ranging from 50 μm to 200 μm were performed with an applied force of 2 kN at 423 K, following by a dwell time of 60 s on the UFG LZ91 Mg-Li alloy. The surface topography indicates that embossed micro-channels for UFG LZ91 Mg-Li with all widths are clearly printed well with good geometrical transferability and no obvious defects. The comparison filling behavior of UFG and the CG LZ91 Mg-Li alloy reveals that grain sizes mainly affect the filling quality of micro-embossing. The results indicate a potential application of the UFG Mg-Li alloy in the mass fabrication of micro-electro-mechanical system (MEMS) components.
Cell Penetrating Peptides as Molecular Carriers for Anti-Cancer Agents
Authors: Borrelli Antonella , Tornesello Anna , Tornesello Maria , Buonaguro Franco
Published: January 2018

Cell membranes with their selective permeability play important functions in the tight control of molecular exchanges between the cytosol and the extracellular environment as the intracellular membranes do within the internal compartments. For this reason the plasma membranes often represent a challenging obstacle to the intracellular delivery of many anti-cancer molecules. The active transport of drugs through such barrier often requires specific carriers able to cross the lipid bilayer. Cell penetrating peptides (CPPs) are generally 5–30 amino acids long which, for their ability to cross cell membranes, are widely used to deliver proteins, plasmid DNA, RNA, oligonucleotides, liposomes and anti-cancer drugs inside the cells. In this review, we describe the several types of CPPs, the chemical modifications to improve their cellular uptake, the different mechanisms to cross cell membranes and their biological properties upon conjugation with specific molecules. Special emphasis has been given to those with promising application in cancer therapy.
A Systematic Review of Antiamyloidogenic and Metal-Chelating Peptoids: Two Structural Motifs for the Treatment of Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Young Sherri
Published: January 2018

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is an incurable form of dementia affecting millions of people worldwide and costing billions of dollars in health care-related payments, making the discovery of a cure a top health, societal, and economic priority. Peptide-based drugs and immunotherapies targeting AD-associated beta-amyloid (Aβ) aggregation have been extensively explored; however, their therapeutic potential is limited by unfavorable pharmacokinetic (PK) properties. Peptoids (N-substituted glycine oligomers) are a promising class of peptidomimetics with highly tunable secondary structures and enhanced stabilities and membrane permeabilities. In this review, the biological activities, structures, and physicochemical properties for several amyloid-targeting peptoids will be described. In addition, metal-chelating peptoids with the potential to treat AD will be discussed since there are connections between the dysregulation of certain metals and the amyloid pathway.
Spiroketones and a Biphenyl Analog from Stems and Leaves of Larrea nitida and Their Inhibitory Activity against IL-6 Production
Authors: Ahn Jongmin , Pei Yihua , Chae Hee-Sung , Kim Seong-Hwan , Kim Young-Mi , Choi Young , Lee Joongku , Chang Minsun , Song Yun , Rodriguez Roberto , Oh Dong-Chan , Kim Jinwoong , Choi Sangho , Joo Sang , Chin Young-Won
Published: January 2018

Bioactivity-guided fractionation for the stems of leaves of Larrea nitida Cav., using interleukin-6 (IL-6) inhibitory assay in human mast cells (HMC-1), led to the isolation of three new compounds with an unprecedented skeleton in nature (1–3) and three known compounds (4–6). Their structures were elucidated through extensive spectroscopic analysis. The three new compounds were elucidated as two new spiroketones, nitidaones A (1), and B (2) and one new biphenyl analog, nitidaol (3). The known compounds were identified as nordihydroguaiaretic acid (4), 7,3′,4′-tri-O-methylquercetin (5) and ayanin (6). All the isolates were tested for their inhibitory activity against IL-6 production in HMC-1 cells. Of them, compounds 1, 3–6 showed potent anti-inflammatory activity, with IC50 values of 12.8, 17.5, 14.9, 22.9, and 17.8 µM, respectively.
Designing from a Disabled Body: The Case of Architect Marta Bordas Eddy
Authors: Pérez Liebergesell Natalia , Vermeersch Peter-Willem , Heylighen Ann
Published: January 2018

Studies on design, disability and phenomenology offer rich insights into how the designed environment is experienced by people with different abilities. In architectural design, this experience is only starting to become recognized as a valuable resource for designers. Considering disability as a particular kind of experience, we report on the focused ethnography of architect Marta Bordas Eddy’s design practice. We analyze how her design practice and outcomes connect with her embodied experience of being a wheelchair user and the role of architecture therein. We interviewed Marta, her sister/co-worker and her life partner/co-habitant, gathered design documents, and analyzed the house she designed for and by herself. Our study highlights how Marta’s experience of being disabled, combined with her background, informs how she assesses design and establishes distinct architectural qualities. Being a disabled person and a designer enables Marta to detect problems in an intuitive body-based manner and think of solutions at the same time. The analysis of Marta’s house moreover raises awareness of architecture’s role in (disabled) people’s lives insofar it can support or impair human capabilities. It challenges prevailing views of what a house for a disabled person looks and is like, and how design can neutralize apparently restricted capabilities.
Effects of Consuming Preloads with Different Energy Density and Taste Quality on Energy Intake and Postprandial Blood Glucose
Authors: Tey Siew , Salleh Nurhazwani , Henry Christiani , Forde Ciaran
Published: January 2018

Consumption of reduced energy dense foods and drink has the potential to reduce energy intake and postprandial blood glucose concentrations. In addition, the taste quality of a meal (e.g., sweet or savoury) may play a role in satiation and food intake. The objective of this randomised crossover study was to examine whether energy density and taste quality has an impact on energy intake and postprandial blood glucose response. Using a preload design, participants were asked to consume a sweet (“Cheng Teng”) or a savoury (broth) preload soup in high energy density (HED; around 0.50 kcal/g; 250 kcal) or low energy density (LED; around 0.12 kcal/g; 50 kcal) in mid-morning and an ad libitum lunch was provided an hour after the preload. Participants recorded their food intake for the rest of the day after they left the study site. Energy compensation and postprandial blood glucose response were measured in 32 healthy lean males (mean age = 28.9 years, mean BMI = 22.1 kg/m2). There was a significant difference in ad libitum lunch intake between treatments (p = 0.012), with higher intake in sweet LED and savoury LED compared to sweet HED and savoury HED. Energy intake at subsequent meals and total daily energy intake did not differ between the four treatments (both p ≥ 0.214). Consumption of HED preloads resulted in a larger spike in postprandial blood glucose response compared with LED preloads, irrespective of taste quality (p < 0.001). Energy density rather than taste quality plays an important role in energy compensation and postprandial blood glucose response. This suggests that regular consumption of low energy-dense foods has the potential to reduce overall energy intake and to improve glycemic control.
Classification of Partial Discharge Signals by Combining Adaptive Local Iterative Filtering and Entropy Features
Authors: Mitiche Imene , Morison Gordon , Nesbitt Alan , Hughes-Narborough Michael , Stewart Brian , Boreham Philip
Published: January 2018

Electromagnetic Interference (EMI) is a technique for capturing Partial Discharge (PD) signals in High-Voltage (HV) power plant apparatus. EMI signals can be non-stationary which makes their analysis difficult, particularly for pattern recognition applications. This paper elaborates upon a previously developed software condition-monitoring model for improved EMI events classification based on time-frequency signal decomposition and entropy features. The idea of the proposed method is to map multiple discharge source signals captured by EMI and labelled by experts, including PD, from the time domain to a feature space, which aids in the interpretation of subsequent fault information. Here, instead of using only one permutation entropy measure, a more robust measure, called Dispersion Entropy (DE), is added to the feature vector. Multi-Class Support Vector Machine (MCSVM) methods are utilized for classification of the different discharge sources. Results show an improved classification accuracy compared to previously proposed methods. This yields to a successful development of an expert’s knowledge-based intelligent system. Since this method is demonstrated to be successful with real field data, it brings the benefit of possible real-world application for EMI condition monitoring.
Multichannel High Resolution Wide Swath SAR Imaging for Hypersonic Air Vehicle with Curved Trajectory
Authors: Zhou Rui , Sun Jinping , Hu Yuxin , Qi Yaolong
Published: January 2018

Synthetic aperture radar (SAR) equipped on the hypersonic air vehicle in near space has many advantages over the conventional airborne SAR. However, its high-speed maneuvering characteristics with curved trajectory result in serious range migration, and exacerbate the contradiction between the high resolution and wide swath. To solve this problem, this paper establishes the imaging geometrical model matched with the flight trajectory of the hypersonic platform and the multichannel azimuth sampling model based on the displaced phase center antenna (DPCA) technology. Furthermore, based on the multichannel signal reconstruction theory, a more efficient spectrum reconstruction model using discrete Fourier transform is proposed to obtain the azimuth uniform sampling data. Due to the high complexity of the slant range model, it is difficult to deduce the processing algorithm for SAR imaging. Thus, an approximate range model is derived based on the minimax criterion, and the optimal second-order approximate coefficients of cosine function are obtained using the two-population coevolutionary algorithm. On this basis, aiming at the problem that the traditional Omega-K algorithm cannot compensate the residual phase with the difficulty of Stolt mapping along the range frequency axis, this paper proposes an Exact Transfer Function (ETF) algorithm for SAR imaging, and presents a method of range division to achieve wide swath imaging. Simulation results verify the effectiveness of the ETF imaging algorithm.
A Community Livelihood Approach to Agricultural Heritage System Conservation and Tourism Development: Xuanhua Grape Garden Urban Agricultural Heritage Site, Hebei Province of China
Authors: Su Mingming , Sun Yehong , Min Qingwen , Jiao Wenjun
Published: January 2018

The designation, conservation and tourism development of agricultural heritage systems, which are embedded with intricate human–nature relations, could significantly influence community livelihoods. Therefore, a livelihood approach is critical for agricultural heritage conservation and the sustainability of the hosting community. Taking Guanhou Village, Xuanhua Grape Garden Urban Agricultural Heritage Site as an example, this study examines impacts of heritage conservation and tourism on the community livelihood system and its implications for community livelihood sustainability. A sustainable livelihood framework is adopted to guide the analysis. Face-to-face in-depth interviews were conducted with management officials, village leaders and village residents. The research identified the importance of Globally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems (GIAHS) designation on raising government support and public awareness on conservation. Tourism emerges as an alternative livelihood to some residents which exerts positive economic influence. However, tourism participation is currently at a low level which restricted the distribution of benefits. The sustainability of local rural livelihood is at risk due to the rapid urbanization, the decline of human resources and the insufficient integration of traditional agriculture with tourism. Practical implications were discussed to enhance local participation and tourism contribution to GIAHS conservation.
Facilitating Energy Transition through Energy Commons: An Application of Socio-Ecological Systems Framework for Integrated Community Energy Systems
Authors: Acosta Cristina , Ortega Mariana , Bunsen Till , Koirala Binod , Ghorbani Amineh
Published: January 2018

Integrated Community Energy Systems (ICES) are an emerging local energy system focusing on the collective use of distributed energy resources (DER). These socio-technical systems (STSs) have a high potential to advance the transition towards socially inclusive, environmentally-friendly energy systems and to stimulate the local economy. While there is an analogy between energy in ICES and other common goods such as natural resources, it is not clear to what extent the existing theoretical framework for Socio-ecological Systems (SES) on the commons accounts for the specificities of common resources in ICESs and other STSs. This research explores the applicability of the SES framework to energy commons that are firmly embedded in STS with reference to the DE Ramplaan ICES in the Netherlands. The formation process and governance characteristics of this ICES are revised, further aided by stakeholder interviews. A framework and a strategic plan that can be used to design and implement an ICES are proposed.
Implications of the 2016 Oregon Minimum Wage Increase for Direct Market Farmers, Farmworkers, and Communities
Authors: Trant Lindsay , Brekken Christy , Lev Larry , Gwin Lauren
Published: January 2018

We conducted interviews with 18 direct market (DM) farmers to explore the implications of the Oregon minimum wage (MW) increase for the state’s DM agricultural sector. How, if at all, will DM farms in the Willamette Valley (OR, USA) adjust their production and marketing practices in response to the MW increase? How will these adjustments affect DM farm viability, farmworkers, the environment, and the communities in which the farms are embedded? This region has a vibrant food system with many small-to-mid sized, diversified farms that sell through direct and intermediated marketing channels. The diversified production and marketing practices of these DM farmers are labor intensive and, in many respects, environmentally friendly. These practices result in relatively high costs and the farmers’ ability to respond by increasing prices is constrained by mainstream retail prices. Most growers reported that they will adjust to the MW increase by reducing their production and marketing costs with a decrease in total labor hours being an important strategy. This study, while small and exploratory, is the first in Oregon (and perhaps nationally) to collect empirical farm-level data about how DM farms will adjust to a MW increase. It sets the stage for future research.
Interannual Carbon and Nutrient Fluxes in Southeastern Taiwan Strait
Authors: Huang Ting-Hsuan , Lun Zhixin , Wu Chau-Ron , Chen Chen-Tung
Published: January 2018

The Taiwan Strait (TS) is one of the main sources of phosphate that supports the large fish catches of the phosphate-limited East China Sea (ECS). The Penghu Channel is the deepest part of the TS, and most of the flow of the TS towards the ECS is principally through this channel. Empirical equations that are based on measurements made during 19 cruises (2000–2011) were combined with water velocity, salinity, and temperature, which were modeled using HYCOM (the Hybrid Coordinate Ocean Model) to obtain the annual fluxes for total alkalinity (TA), dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC), nitrate plus nitrite, phosphate, and silicate fluxes. The TA and DIC are mainly transported in the top layer (0–55 m) because the current is much stronger there than in the bottom layer (55–125 m) whereas the TA and DIC concentrations in the top layer are only slightly smaller compared with the bottom layer. In contrast, the nitrate plus nitrite flux is mainly transported in the bottom layer because the concentrations are much higher in the bottom layer. Generally, nutrient flux increases with the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) index, but TA and DIC fluxes increase as the PDO index decreases.
Pédophile et « pédyophilisé » : le couple inavouable
Authors: Gillie Claire
Published: January 2018

Le lexique s’affole quand il s’agit de nommer l’acte sexuel qui s’inscrit dans le réel entre un adulte et un enfant ou un adulte et un adolescent. Entre séduction et débordement, la pédophilie comme l’inceste vouent leur culte à l’excitation. L’acte pédophile est le temps de l’abus : temps de voir, le temps de boire jusqu’à la lie l’acte, et son injonction à ce qu’il soit passé sous silence. Le temps de comprendre devient le temps désabusé à prendre la mesure du traumatisme. Alors comment aborder ce temps de l’effraction traumatique sans rester collé à la première neurotica ? Après avoir tenté de dresser un portrait métapsychologique du pédophile, nous interrogerons ce couple diabolique et inavouable qui lie ces deux-là : le pervers et l’enfant mis en position d’enfant fétiche, d’enfant phallus. Nous nous appuierons sur des figures littéraires et cliniques pour se laisser enseigner par ces récits d’aveuglement et de mise au silence qui donnent des indices sur les destins de la pulsion pédophile et son déclenchement à l’adolescence.
Épigénétique et génétique tissent le fil de soi
Authors: Perrot Tafforeau Frédérique
Published: January 2018

L’humain est le fruit de son vécu et l’ensemble de toutes ses mémoires, cellulaires comme cérébrales, passées comme présentes, construit son devenir. La biologie nous permet d’en apporter une preuve scientifique solide. Ainsi, dès la conception, l’environnement influence la construction de l’individu au cours de l’embryogenèse par le biais de processus épigénétiques. Ensuite, les différentes périodes critiques de développement offrent une fenêtre de plasticité maximale du cerveau face aux « différents apprentissages ». Enfin, à l’âge adulte, une fois l’ensemble de ces périodes terminé, la plasticité synaptique œuvre pour permettre aux individus une certaine adaptabilité. Cependant, les études de réouverture des périodes critiques de développement chez l’adulte laissent supposer qu’une rencontre, une thérapie, un événement vécu intensément, soit à même de venir rouvrir une plasticité suffisamment conséquente pour modifier la trajectoire de vie de l’individu.
Retour vers l’utopie ? La ville neuve soviétique de Togliatti
Authors: Bellat Fabien
Published: January 2018

Dès 1930, en URSS les objectifs du Plan quinquennal nécessitèrent la création de grands centres industriels, et avec eux d’équipements urbains d’une échelle appropriée. En 1967, la construction de l’usine AvtoVAZ exige ainsi la construction d’un nouveau centre urbain à Togliatti. Ce projet fut mené sous la direction de Boris Roubanenko comme une véritable expérience-pilote. Malgré une normative préfabrication de masse et de lourdes coupes budgétaires, les architectes persévérèrent dans leur volonté d’un urbanisme presque idéal, non sans jouer au passage des attentes du régime brejnévien. De fait l’objectif fut bien de réaliser enfin la ville exemplaire d’une vision rénovée du socialisme. Cela aboutit à la production d’une schizophrénique cité Cheval de Troie , servant la propagande du régime et s’affirmant légataire des conceptions urbaines les plus utopiques de l’URSS.
Regards d’une ville nouvelle socialiste sur ses consœurs
Authors: Bazin Jérôme
Published: January 2018

Nous nous intéressons ici aux relations entre les principales villes nouvelles des démocraties populaires, en prenant pour point d’observation les rapports qu’entretient la ville est-allemande d’Eisenhüttenstadt avec les trois autres principales « villes socialistes », Nowa Huta, Dimitrovgrad et Dunaújváros. Des voyages d’études d’architectes et urbanistes aux délégations ouvrières, jusqu’aux pratiques de jumelage qui ont concerné des groupes très divers, existait un large éventail de circulations. À partir du constat des différences effectives entre ces villes, nous chercherons à comprendre la portée de ces échanges qui présentent le bloc socialiste comme un espace de circulation, sinon clos, du moins centré sur lui-même.
A Philosophical Analysis of Clinical Decision Making in Nursing
Authors: Krishnan Preetha
Published: January 2018

Background:

Clinical decision making is a fundamental aspect of nurses' clinical practice and has a direct impact on the health and well-being of each patient.

Method:

An exploratory analysis of the concept of clinical decision making in nursing will be provided from the two predominant theoretical perspectives: the systematic-positivist model and the intuitive-humanistic model. The origin, aim, value, ontology and epistemology, assumptions, communicability, and context specificity of these two models are discussed.

Results:

As nurses work in ever-changing health care environments, either the positivist model or the intuitive model is adequate to describe the dynamic processes nurses use in clinical decision making. Therefore, it was suggested that the cognitive processes used in decision making were neither completely analytical nor completely intuitive.

Conclusion:

Clinical decision making is complex. A combination of scientific evidence-based knowledge in conjunction with intuition and contextual factors could enable nurses to utilize excellent clinical decision making. [J Nurs Educ.2018;57(2):73–78.]
Chapitre 2 : Les administrateurs du Parlement. Contribution à une sociologie des collaborateurs d’élus
Authors: Baloge Martin
Published: January 2018

La mission officielle des administrateurs du Parlement est d’assister les élus, quel que soit leur bord politique, dans l’exercice de leurs activités quotidiennes à Paris. Diplômés de Sciences Po Paris dans leur grande majorité mais ayant généralement échoué au concours de l’ENA, ces agents jouissent d’une position prestigieuse qu’ils cherchent à défendre en se présentant comme les gardiens du temple parlementaire. Cette position repose en particulier sur les mythes de la neutralité et de l’apolitisme que mettent systématiquement en avant les administrateurs. Nous montrons alors que des mécanismes de politisation fonctionnelle viennent brouiller les frontières entre administration et politique et que certains agents outrepassent leur simple rôle d’exécutant en affichant des préférences politiques dans le cadre de leur travail. Ce phénomène conduit le corps des administrateurs à développer des stratégies de sorties et de retour afin de préserver leur prestige et leur position face à d’autres types de collaborateurs.
New U-Pb (zircon and monazite) ages and Sm-Nd isotopic data from granitoid plutons in the Aspy and Bras d'Or terranes of Cape Breton Island, Nova Scotia: implications for tectonic evolution and mineralization potential
Authors: van Rooyen D , Barr S M , White C E
Published: January 2018

Granitoid plutons are widespread in the Ganderian Aspy and Bras d'Or terranes of Cape Breton Island and are diverse in composition, isotopic characteristics, and tectonic affinity. This study presents new U-Pb zircon ages from 10 previously undated plutons or
their host rocks in the two terranes. The results range from Neoproterozoic (ca. 575 and 560 Ma in the Big Hill granodiorite and Price Point Formation), through Cambrian (ca. 515 and 510 Ma in Kellys Mountain diorite and granodiorite), Silurian (ca. 436 Ma in the Gillis Brook diorite, Gillanders
Mountain granite, and ca. 420 Ma in the Leonard McLeod syenogranite), to Devonian (ca. 379 and 363 Ma in the Park Spur granite and Margaree pluton). Two samples were dated using U-Pb in monazite but the results for those were inconclusive and require further work. Overall the U-Pb zircon ages for
samples presented here along with other recent work show a more complex magmatic history in the Bras d'Or and Aspy terranes than previously documented, and in particular more widespread Silurian magmatism. Epsilon-Nd data from this study shows that Bras d'Or and Aspy terrane rocks have negative
epsilon-Nd values characteristic of Ganderia. These results show Aspy and Bras D'Or terranes likely share similar basement rocks, and are both isotopically distinct from Avalonia, which has mainly positive epsilon-Nd, and is represented in Cape Breton by the Mira terrane.
Ar/Ar thermochronology of the Aspy and Bras d'Or terranes, Cape Breton Island, Nova Scotia
Authors: Kellett D A , Barr S M , van Rooyen D , White C E
Published: January 2018

The distribution of magmatic rocks through time within the Appalachian orogen suggests a tectonic control on magma generation. Cape Breton Island preserves a condensed yet complete record of the main tectonic units and magmatic suites of the Appalachian orogen.
Here we present new 40Ar/39Ar cooling ages for muscovite from the Aspy terrane, a component of Ganderia preserved in western Cape Breton Island. The preliminary results show that this terrane cooled through muscovite closure temperatures during the Middle Devonian following regional metamorphism.
Rocks from the southern Chéticamp plutonic belt of Aspy were not heated sufficiently during regional metamorphism to reset 40Ar in muscovite. These results will contribute to a reconstruction of the tectonic and structural history of the Ganderian elements of the Appalachian
orogen.