bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
scZIGVAE: A Variational Graph Attention Autoencoder Based on the
Zero-Inflated Negative Binomial Distribution for Clustering Single-cell
RNA-Seq Data
Authors: Wang Yutian , Gao Ke , Li zhaomei , Liu chuanxin , Ji Cunmei , Qiao Lijuan , Zheng Chunhou
Published: February 2025

Background:

Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) technology has opened new horizons
in studying cellular diversity, helping researchers distinguish the gene expression patterns of
each cell, identify rare cell types, and explore the dynamics of gene expression in specific cells under
different environments. Clustering plays a central role in revealing unknown cell types and downstream
analysis of scRNA-seq. However, the high dimensionality, high noise, and common data
missing issues in scRNA-seq data significantly limit the performance of clustering. Traditional embedding
algorithms often ignore the characteristics of the underlying distribution when dealing with
scRNA-seq data.

Aims:

In this study, we aim to achieve clustering analysis of single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNAseq)
data by developing and applying a variational graph attention autoencoder model based on the
zero-inflated negative binomial (ZINB) distribution.

Methods:

Therefore, we propose a scRNA-seq data clustering analysis method, scZIGVAE, which
integrates the zero-inflated negative binomial (ZINB) model and variational graph attention autoencoder.
It enhances the learning of complex topological structures between cells while modeling missing
events. By jointly optimizing the ZINB loss and cell graph reconstruction loss to estimate missing
data, scZIGVAE generates cell representations that are more suitable for clustering. Furthermore,
through the method of self-optimizing embedded clustering, the clustering centers are iteratively updated
to fine-tune the clustering effect of the model further.

Results:

Extensive testing on twelve datasets from different single-cell RNA sequencing platforms
has demonstrated that the scZIGVAE method outperforms current sota clustering techniques.

Conclusion:

In summary, our research findings demonstrate that by incorporating the Zero-Inflated
Negative Binomial (ZINB) distribution strategy into the Variational Graph Autoencoder (VGAE) architecture,
we are able to achieve better estimation of missing values during decoding. Furthermore,
the utilization of multiple loss constraints on the generated latent representations renders them more
conducive to downstream analyses.
Integrative Analysis of Metabolomic and Transcriptomic Data Reveals Metabolic Signatures and Major Metabolic Pathways in Primary Aldosteronism
Authors: Lai Xiaomei , Yang Tingting , Wei Chaoping , Zhu Shuangbei , Li Jianling
Published: February 2025

Objective:

Primary aldosteronism (PA) is the most common secondary hypertension. In
this study, we performed the pathway enrichment analysis based on metabolomics and transcriptomic
data to find the metabolic perturbations in PA, which could provide new targets for PA and
further understand the biology of PA.

Methods:

24 PA patients and 24 healthy adults served as the control group in this study. Six participants
were chosen from each group to have their peripheral blood and serum samples analyzed
for omics investigations. Another eighteen participants' peripheral blood samples were selected
for further validation of the RNA-sequencing results.

Results:

Transcriptomic analyses found 518 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), and 339 remarkably
differential metabolites (DMs) were identified by untargeted metabolomics. The pathway
enrichment analysis was performed by combining with the omics analysis data. We also focused
on analyzing metabolic pathways that repeatedly occur and constructed possible genemetabolic
networks. A total of 5 genes and 11 metabolites showed significant changes in altered 3
lipid metabolic pathways. Furthermore, the expressions of these genes were verified by qRT-PCR.

Conclusion:

The combination of metabolomic and transcriptomic data can give a comprehensive
picture of unique illness markers and preliminary knowledge of the molecular abnormalities underpinning
PA. These findings may point to viable targets for creating treatments.
Electrospun Polyvinyl Alcohol Nanofibers Loaded with Ferula assa-foetida Gum Extract: Fabrication, Characterization, and Antibacterial Activity
Authors: Salimiyan Fatemeh , Asadollahi Mohammad Ali , Behbahani Mandana , Kajani Abolghasem Abbasi
Published: February 2025

Background:

Therapeutic effects of plant metabolites have been used for the treatment of
burns, wounds and infections over the centuries. Electrospun nanofibers containing plant metabolites
have also been considered recently for the development of new and efficient wound dressings. Ferula
assa-foetida has received much attention in traditional medicine due to its numerous healing properties.

Objective:

In the present study, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) nanofibers containing aqueous extracts of
F. assa-foetida gum (FAE) were prepared and characterized. The antibacterial activity of nanofibers
was investigated.

Methods:

Electrospinning was utilized for the fabrication of PVA/FAE nanofibers. The morphology,
physical and chemical properties of the synthesized nanofibers were investigated by scanning electron
microscope (SEM), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, and contact angle test.

Results:

The uniform nanofibers with the average diameter of 256 nm were obtained by using 8
wt.% PVA, 1:4 (w: w %) ratio of PVA/FAE, needle to collector distance of 13 cm, 20 kV voltage,
collector rotation speed of 3 m/min, and flow rate of 0.5 mL/h. The use of FAE led to the increased
diameter of nanofibers and their contact angle compared to PVA nanofibers. Interestingly, the
PVA/FAE nanofibers displayed considerable antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli and
Staphylococcus aureus.

Conclusion:

The overall results indicated that PVA/FAE nanofibers can be considered as a potential
candidate for the preparation of wound dressings with antibacterial properties.
Domestic and Japanese Retrospective Maps: Manchurian-Mongolian Border Area in the Zone of Events on the Khalkhin Gol River in 1939
Authors:   Institute for Mongolian, Buddhist and Tibetan Studies of the Siberian Branch of the RAS, Dudin Pavel N. , Bazarov Kirill Yu. ,   Pacific Geographical Institute of the Far Eastern Branch of the RAS
Published: February 2025

Introduction. The presented article reveals the visual background of the causes of the military conflict on the Khalkhin Gol river in 1939 on the eve of the 85th anniversary of these events, and the authors focus the reader’s attention on the importance of timely demarcation and delimitation of the borders between participants in international relations and aim to analyze Russian-language and Japanese retrospective maps of the 1900s-1930s visualizing the Khalkha-Manchurian border area in the zone of the Khalkhin Gol river and Lake Buir-Nur, giving a description of the border line between Khalkha and Barga in the conflict zone. Materials and methods. The study is based on the analysis of twelve cartographic sources with diagrams included into the secret reports of the Trans-Amur district officers, the maps of famous researchers and cartographers of the imperial and Soviet periods, the diagrams from the journal “Bulletin of Manchuria” and the Japanese maps of the 1930s. An interdisciplinary approach has been applied, combining methods of historical and geographical sciences, namely historical-typological, historical-systemic, comparative-historical and historical-genetic methods, a retrospective approach, source analysis, cartographic method, as well as geoinformation analysis. Results. The differences in the depiction of the Khalkha-Barga border, the Lake Buir-Nur and the Khalkhin-Gol river on the maps of different periods and origin were revealed. The Khoshuns (principalities) affected by the military actions of 1939 have been identified. It has been established that the Japanese maps of the 1930s are of high cartographic quality and the degree of information load requires additional study with the involvement of an interpreter. The analysis of retrospective maps demonstrates the evolution of the ideas about the Khalkha-Manchurian border area and emphasizes the importance of the cartographic sources in the study of historical territorial disputes. Conclusions. The study contributes to the understanding of the preconditions of the conflict on the Khalkhin Gol river and opens up prospects for further study of cartographic materials of this period.
The Book “Lists of Conscripts by Maloderbetovsky Regional Military Commissariat in 1941, 1942, 1943” as a Source on the History of Participation of Kalmykia Residents in the Great Patriotic War
Authors:   Kalmyk Scientific Center of the RAS, Ochir-Goryaeva Valentina N.
Published: February 2025

Introduction. The article is devoted to the analysis of the book “Lists of Conscripts by Maloderbetovsky Regional Military Commissariat in 1941, 1942, 1943” as a source on the history of participation of Kalmykia residents in the Great Patriotic War of 1941–1945. The purpose of this article is a detailed review of this book. Materials and methods. The main source for the study was the book “Lists of Conscripts by Maloderbetovsky Regional Military Commissariat in 1941, 1942, 1943” published in 2023 by T. Ts. Kishteeva. In the process of analysis the methods of comparative and descriptive analysis were used, which allowed us to obtain valuable information about the role of the inhabitants of Kalmykia during the war. Results. The book of conscripts contains information about 3 429 servicemen called up by the Maloderbetovsky Regional Military Commissariat. In the process of the analysis it was found out that in some cases the information is repeated, as well as there are errors and inaccuracies in the information. Nevertheless, the book covers a significant number of war participants and serves as an important source to immortalize the memory of our fellow countrymen who fought for the Motherland in 1941–1945.
De Excel a Power BI para reducir tiempo de procesamiento de datos
Authors: Vázquez Padilla Díaz Areli
Published: February 2025

Power BI es una herramienta que cuenta con un conjunto de opciones que facilitan la transformación, modelado y visualización de datos sin afectar los datos originales. Se usó dentro de las fases de análisis de datos del cuarto estudio TIC en la verificación del procesamiento de datos reduciendo el tiempo dedicado en esta actividad, teniendo como beneficios la obtención de resultados en menor tiempo y mejor calidad del análisis con la detección oportuna de errores. Debido a esto se propone la incorporación de Power BI como herramienta de aproximación en actividades de análisis de datos, en favor de la mejora continua de los servicios ofrecidos en el área.
Implementación de una arquitectura modular en Laravel para sistemas web mantenibles
Authors: Fonseca Márquez Karla Alejandra
Published: February 2025

Para mejorar la cohesión y reducir el acoplamiento de los componentes en sistemas web complejos, se diseñó y desarrolló una arquitectura modular en Laravel que busca superar las limitaciones del enfoque tradicional basado en el patrón MVC. Para ello, se adoptaron principios de diseño que incluían la creación de componentes especializados, como acciones para la lógica de negocio, consultas separadas en clases específicas, y la utilización de objetos para la transferencia y validación de datos. Se implementó una estructura de directorios modular que facilitó el mantenimiento y escalabilidad del código, apoyándose en el estándar PSR-4 para la carga automática de clases. La metodología incluyó la adopción de estándares de codificación, como PSR-12, y el uso de herramientas de análisis estático y control de versiones para garantizar la calidad y coherencia del proyecto. En términos de resultados, se logró una arquitectura más flexible y comprensible, con un código más limpio y fácil de modificar. Como conclusión, la adopción de una arquitectura modular en Laravel contribuyó significativamente a la mejora de la calidad del código y la escalabilidad de los sistemas desarrollados. Se recomienda continuar con la implementación de buenas prácticas de codificación, así como realizar capacitaciones periódicas para mantener la coherencia en el desarrollo y facilitar la integración de nuevas funcionalidades.
THE USE OF FEED ADDITIVE «ECOSTIMUL-2» IN THE DIET OF LACTATING COWS
Authors:   Far Eastern State Agrarian University, Sharwadze R.L. , Babukhadia K.R. ,   Far Eastern State Agrarian University, Gaydukova E.M. ,   Far Eastern State Agrarian University
Published: February 2025

Research issue: influence of the feed additive «ECOSTIMUL-2» on the milk yield and
general condition of cows during the first phase of lactation. The results of the experiment
proved that the feed additive «ECOSTIMUL-2» has a positive effect on milk production of
fresh cows during the period of increasing milking capacity. For 100 days of lactation cows
from the 2nd and 3rd experimental groups produced 364 and 367 kg more milk than cows
from the control group. At the same time, with the inclusion of «ECOSTIMUL-2» in the diet
of cows, the loss of live weight during the period of increasing milking capacity is reduced
up to 370-380 g a day, against 590 g in the control group. Feed additive «ECOSTIMUL-2»
has a positive effect on reproductive qualities of cows. All cows receiving 200-300 mg of the
additive were successfully inseminated during 85 days after calving. From the economic efficiency point of view, the optimal dose of feed additive «ECOSTIMUL-2» is 200 mg per head
a day. The profitability of milk production at that is 32.7 % (2nd experimental group) which
is maximum (control-15.7 %, 1st experimental – 16.0 %, 3rd experimental 29.6 %) with a
minimum cost of one kg of products.
MAIN DIRECTIONS AND FINDINGS OF INVESTIGATIONS ON POTATO BREEDING IN PRIAMURYE
Authors:   All-Russian Research Institute of Soybean, Rafalsky S.V. , Rafalskaya O.M. ,   All-Russian Research Institute of Soybean, Melnikova T.V. ,   All-Russian Research Institute of Soybean
Published: February 2025

The article presents the main directions and findings of investigations on potato breeding carried
out at the All-Russian Research Institute of Soybean for the period 2014-2018. Object of the research: varieties of domestic and foreign breeding, hybrid populations, hybrids and variety samples
of breeding nurseries. The purpose of the research is to identify a new source material for breeding,
based on a comprehensive study of the collection of varieties and hybrids of potatoes, conduct its
testing and select economically valuable hybrids and variety samples, to create qualitatively new varieties with a set of economically useful traits and high adaptive potential. 290 varieties were studied
at the collection nursery. Sources with high adaptive-production potential, economically valuable
hybrids and variety samples, corresponding to the specified directions of breeding, were selected.
Breeding material of the first tuber reproduction in the amount of 94 numbers of hybrid populations
was studied at the single-tuber nursery. 146 hybrid combinations of the second tuber reproduction
were studied at the nursery of second-year hybrids. It was found, that 72 hybrids had the ability to
yield an early commercial harvest. 98 hybrid combinations were included in the preliminary test and
assessed according to morphological and economic characteristics. 23 numbers of hybrid combinations were studied at the nursery of the main test. As for competitive nursery, the maximum yield was
recorded in mid-ripening hybrid combinations Lina x Krinitsa - 38.0 t / ha, Kay Sin 4 x Veteran -
37.5 t / ha and G 2501-21 x Ausoniya - 37.2 t / ha as compared to tubers yield in standard Nevsky
31.4 t / ha. Two mid-season varieties of potato were created and one is being prepared for transfer to
the State Seed-Trial (Federal State Budget Institution State Commission of the Russian Federation
on Testing and Protection of Breeding Achievements).
PROSPECTS OF BREEDING UNGULATE ANIMALS KEPT IN OPEN-AIR CAGE (AVIARY BREEDING) AND SOME FEATURES OF AGRICULTURAL LANDSCAPE MANAGEMENT
Authors:   All-Russian Research Institute of Game Management and Fur Farming Named after Professor B.M. Zhitkov, Yegorova N.Yu. , Solovyov V.A. ,   All-Russian Research Institute of Game Management and Fur Farming Named after Professor B.M. Zhitkov, Sergeev A.A. ,   All-Russian Research Institute of Game Management and Fur Farming Named after Professor B.M. Zhitkov, Shiryaev V.V. ,   All-Russian Research Institute of Game Management and Fur Farming Named after Professor B.M. Zhitkov
Published: February 2025

The article reviews the current state of game animal farming as a rapidly developing branch
of game management. It summarizes the data demonstrating the scale of artificial culture of game
resources and the share of produce in the total volume of world food production at present; considers
the prospects of artificial animal breeding in connection with the problem of saving biodiversity and
ASF; shows the role that products of game animal farming play in the diversification of food sources.
Special attention is paid to the state of open-air cage breeding of game resources in Russia. The article
describes the categories of the lands used in the organization of breeding animals kept in open-air
cage; presents the results of assessment and prospects of agricultural lands used for the formation of
highly productive agricultural associations on their basis. The article gives the scheme of the green
conveyor for species of Cervidaea family, which ensures uninterrupted supply of green food during
the growing season. It proposes promising crops and also variants of the most appropriate forage crop
rotations. The authors made the conclusion concerning the necessity of rational use of the main categories of lands included in the opened-air cage complexes in order to reduce damage to ecosystems.
Effect of Seed Priming with PGPR on Germination, Mean Emergence Time and Vigour of Paddy under Osmotic Stress
Authors: Hussain Saddam , Rao K. Prasada , Marker Shailesh , Khan Farooq A.
Published: February 2025

The experiment was carried out during kharif (2022) at SHUATS, Naini, Prayagraj with 16 treatments comprised of PGPRs (PAR-6, PES-2, PR-7, PR-12 and PR-15) and PEG to assess the effect of seed priming with PGPRs on certain seed germination attributes of paddy under osmotic stress. All the treatments were replicated thrice and statistical design CRD was followed. Seeds of paddy variety MTU-1172 were treated with different concentrations of PGPRs followed by drying in the dark for 2–3 hours at room temperature. Seeds were sown in petri-dishes lined with blotting paper and different seed germination parameters were recorded. Findings of the experiment revealed that the seed priming with PES-2 showed maximum germination percentage (80%), germination index (7.33), seedling dry biomass (0.11) and vigour index-II (8.8), while as, seed priming with PAR-6 showed maximum value of MET (5.17 days). These findings may be attributed to the fact that pre-sowing of seeds triggered resistance under osmotic stress. Seedling vigour index-I were found maximum of 13.20, 14.77, 16.55 with treatment PR-7 plus PEG (-2bar), respectively at 7th, 14th and 21st days of measurement. Results also indicated that the PGPRs have similar effect like KNO3, SiO2 and SA, which might have to increase the seedling characters and vigour index-II in paddy rice. It may be concluded that the isolate PR-7 emerged as a superior PGPR to reduce the PEG-induced osmotic stress of -2 bars. Thus, farmers can use recommended eco-friendly, cost-effective and easily available PGPR for enhancing the productivity of paddy.
A Study on Fandom and Fan Culture: Socioeconomic Implications in the Digital Era
Authors: Hermawan Jasmine Syifa , Margaret Ginting
Published: February 2025

The study of fandom and fan culture has grown in significance in the digital age. Fandoms are communities of individuals with shared interests who participate in activities like reading, viewing, and making fan art. Fandom's socioeconomic effects include its contribution to the production and consumption of cultural content as well as its effects on the travel, entertainment, and retail industries. But there are also societal effects like "gatekeeping" and copyright-related legal problems. It also reveals how crucial it is to comprehend the dynamics of power and identity in fandom communities. This study sheds light on issues with intellectual property and social identity as well as shifts in popular culture and media in the digital age.
Keywords: Fandom, fan culture, socioeconomics, crowdfunding, social identity.
Pengaruh Penambahan Giberelin terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Persentase Batang dan Akar Tanaman Padi dengan Sistem Hidroponik
Authors: Efendi Aprilianti Nur , Khairani Lizah , Susilawati Iin
Published: February 2025

Penelitian mengenai “Pengaruh Penambahan Giberelin terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Persentase Batang dan Akar Tanaman Padi dengan Sistem Hidroponik” telah dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Fakultas Peternakan Universitas Padjadjaran Pangandaran pada bulan Desember 2019 hingga Januari 2020. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh penambahan zat pengatur tumbuh terhadap pertumbuhan serta untuk mengetahi persentase batang dan akar tanaman padi yang optimal dengan sistem hidroponik. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode ekperimental menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan menggunakan 4 perlakuan, yaitu P0 = 0 ppm ; P1 = 5 ppm ; P2 = 10 ppm ; P3 = 15 ppm dengan 5 kali pengulangan sehingga terdapat 20 unit percobaan. Peubah yang diamati yaitu pertumbuhan yang meliputi tinggi tanaman dan persentase batang dan akar tanaman. Data yang didapatkan diuji dengan analisis ragam serta untuk mengetahui apakah terdapat perbedaan antar perlakuan maka dilakukan uji jarak beganda Duncan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh terhadap tinggi tanaman padi, namun tidak berpengaruh terhadap persentase batang dan akar. Perlakuan penambahan giberelin dengan dosis 10 ppm menunjukkan pertumbuhan terbaik.
Religious Spirituality: Sufi Healing for Rehabilitation of Juvenile Delinquency
Authors: Santoso Try Riduwan , Salahudin Asep , Salam Faiz Abdul , Kafiul Khuluq Muhammad Shahinshah , Suryana Nana
Published: February 2025

Sufi Healing therapy is a spiritual or non-medical therapy which is conducted through Sufi practices during the suluk process. The purpose of this paper is to discuss the manner in which Sufi Healing model is applied in the process of reforming juvenile delinquents. In this study, the description of the data is qualitative which has been collected through observations, interviews and documentation. This study has shown that there is a Sufi Healing model in rehabilitating the juvenile delinquents at the Rehab Center employing Sufi tradition through rituals. According to the Sufi Healing model, the following are the factors; Doctrine of tariqa teachings, Murshid [mentor] and Coach. The prescriptions for the juvenile delinquents in Sufi Healing aim to improve self-awareness and personal self-control. The Sufi Healing ritual is also capable of making the pious individually and socially positive of adolescents who have such personalities, as well as enhance human consciousness and self-governance to perform positive actions. This paper established that Sufi Healing is an example of an alternative model of therapy for rehabilitation of juvenile delinquency based on spirituality. From this research, it is recommended that mental health remains a central control and command point in people’s lives.
Energy at the boundary of an elastic and thermoelastic mediums under different theories of thermoelasticity
Authors: Kumar Kamal , Gupta Vandana , Kumar Manoj , Goel Shruti
Published: February 2025

The study examines the impact of various theories on the reflection and transmission phenomena caused by obliquely incident longitudinal and transverse waves at the interface between a continuously elastic solid half-space and a thermoelastic half-space, using multiple thermoelastic models. Numerical calculations reveal that the thermoelastic medium supports one transmitted transverse wave and two transmitted longitudinal waves. The modulus of amplitude proportions is analyzed as a function of the angle of incidence, showing distinct variations across the studied models. Energy ratios, derived from wave amplitudes under consistent surface boundary conditions for copper, are computed and compared across angles of incidence. The results demonstrate that the total energy ratio consistently sums to one, validating energy conservation principles. Graphical comparisons of amplitude proportions and energy ratios for SV and P waves across different models illustrate significant differences in wave behavior, emphasizing the influence of thermoelastic properties on wave transmission and reflection.
Dignity in the Jurisprudence of European Court of Human Rights
Authors: Czepek Jakub J.
Published: February 2025

The notion of dignity is the underlying conceptual foundation of international law of human rights in. It is also the basis for guarantees of all human rights in general, irrespective of the protected individual, scope, character of the right or freedom or irrespective of the particular generation of human rights. Dignity is also the concept that evades its exhaustive definition. The European Convention on human Rights (ECHR) does not contain the term “dignity” in its core text. It can be found only in the preamble to the additional protocol to the ECHR n°13 . Despite that fact, the case-law of European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR) refers to the notion of dignity frequently and in numerous aspects. The purpose of this article is to analyze the ECtHR’s jurisprudence referring to the notion of dignity in order to examine the Court’s approach in this regard. Due to the limited framework of the study, it will focus mostly on articles 3 and 8 of the Convention.
Prototype Thermoelectric Micro Energy By Utilizing The Heat Of A Sate Stove
Authors: Sitopu Enita , Pratama Legenda Prameswono , Manfaluthy Mauludi , Jaenul Ariep , Dionova Brainvendra Widi , Putri Arisa Olivia , Al-Humairi Safaa Najah Sahud , Mohammed M.N.
Published: February 2025

Electrical energy is one of the primary needs that is very important in people's lives. Along with advances in science and technology (IPTEK) and rapid population growth, the need for electrical energy increases every day. However, research on the use of thermoelectric technology to harvest energy from the heat of satay stoves is still limited and has not been widely applied in renewable energy systems. The aim of this research is to design an energy harvester that utilizes waste heat from a satay stove using a thermoelectric module, so that enough power and voltage can be produced to operate a 12-volt 1-ampere DC fan The research results show that the Thermoelectric Generator (TEG) is capable of producing the highest voltage of 10V with a current of 1.06A at the highest temperature difference of 100°C. By using the Buck-Boost Converter module, the voltage can be increased to 12.6V with a current of 1A. Apart from that, this research also found that the greater the temperature difference from the furnace heat source, the greater the voltage produced by the TEG. When charging the battery, it takes 7 hours to charge from the initial voltage of 11.31V to reach 12.60V, and using the battery for 5 hours shows a decrease in voltage from 12.60V to 11.41V. Thus, utilizing the waste heat energy from satay stoves using thermoelectricity is a solution to help with the power needs of traders. And in the future it can be done with different sources to develop research and increase effective output power.
The role of centralization of the emergency medical service in the regions of the Russian Federation in ensuring medical evacuation of patients with acute cardiovascular diseases to specialized medical organizations
Authors: Bagnenko S. F. , Razumnyi N. V. , Stozharov V. V.
Published: February 2025

Purpose. To justify the need for centralization of the emergency medical service of the regions of the Russian Federation in order to ensure medical evacuation of patients with acute cardiovascular diseases from the place of emergency medical call directly to specialized medical organizations.

Tasks. To study the level of centralization of the emergency medical care service in the constituent entities of the Russian Federation; to analyze the implementation of medical evacuation of patients with acute cardiovascular diseases to primary vascular departments and regional vascular centers in groups of constituent entities of the Russian Federation with different levels of centralization of the emergency medical care service.

Materials and methods. The study was conducted using a statistical method for analyzing data from Form № 30 «Information on the Medical Organization» of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation for 2023.

Results. In 2023, in the constituent entities of the Russian Federation with a centralized emergency medical care service, the proportion of patients with acute cardiovascular diseases (acute cerebrovascular diseases and myocardial infarction) delivered by mobile emergency medical care teams from the place of emergency medical care call to primary vascular departments and regional vascular centers, from the total number of these patients who received emergency medical care outside a medical organization, turned out to be higher compared to the value of this indicator in the regions of the Russian Federation with a decentralized emergency medical care service.

Conclusion. Centralization of the emergency medical care service in the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, which provides for the unification of all emergency medical care stations (departments) into one independent medical organization in the constituent entity of the Russian Federation, ensures the implementation of medical evacuation of patients with acute cardiovascular diseases to specialized medical organizations (primary vascular departments and regional vascular centers).
The models of patients with severe chemical burns
Authors: Vagner D. O. , Zinoviev E. V. , Soloshenko V. V. , Muljarova V. V. , Miroshnichenko A. G.
Published: February 2025

Purpose: to develop models of patients with severe chemical burns.

Material and methods: the analysis of scientific publications and own observations of the causes of chemical burns was carried out.

Results: based on the data obtained, four models of patients with severe chemical burns were formed: industrial acid burns, acid attacks, burns caused by household cleansers and cement burns. According to the results of the study, 87% of patients with chemical injury corresponded to these four models. These models turned out to be homogeneous by gender, age, area, depth and localization of skin lesions, severity of the condition and other characteristics.

Conclusion: the using models of patients make it possible to form homogeneous groups of victims. Due to the homogeneity of these groups, it is possible to develop surgical treatment tactics for each of the formed models, which should improve the results of treatment of burned patients.
Hypnose und Bindungstheorie
Authors: Ladenbauer Wolfgang
Published: February 2025

In dieser Arbeit wird die Bindungstheorie und ihre Bedeutung für die Psychotherapie kurz dar gestellt und dabei teilweise eingewoben, teilweise explizit auf die Gedanken über deren Konsequenzen für die Hypnose und deren Verständnis eingegangen, aufbauend auf einem modernen,umfassenden Verständnis der Tiefenpsychologie und auf den Erkenntnissen der Säuglingsforschung.
Nachruf für Dr. Otto Lang
Authors: Bittner Josef
Published: February 2025

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Orbit Plane Rotation Using Aerocapture
Authors: Gochenaur Daniel C. , Jones Michael P. , Norheim Johannes J. , de Weck Olivier L.
Published: February 2025

This study investigates the feasibility of performing orbit plane rotations during aerocapture maneuvers. Three-degrees-of-freedom bounding trajectories at Mars are propagated for a range of vehicle lift-to-drag ratios [Formula: see text] and hyperbolic arrival velocities [Formula: see text]. The results show that the maximum plane rotation achievable increases with vehicle [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text]. When arriving with [Formula: see text] of 6 km/s, vehicles with [Formula: see text] of 0.25 and 1.0 can achieve plane rotations of up to 11.6 and 45.3 deg, respectively. Heat rate, heat load, and g-loading constraints identified when rotating the orbital plane are not more severe than those observed for two-dimensional aerocapture at a given [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text]. A direct tradeoff between the maximum plane rotation and entry corridor width exists that will affect the ability of lower [Formula: see text] vehicles to achieve large plane rotations. The proposed maneuver can allow the captured orbit inclination and right ascension of the ascending node to be altered in ways that are not possible using typical interplanetary orbit targeting methods. Further, the maneuver offers the possibility of deploying multiple satellites to different orbits around a target destination using a single launch or approach path.
Potential for Energy Recovery of a Nonadiabatic Subsonic Airfoil
Authors: Lister-Symonds Joseph E. , Mutangara Ngonidzashe E. , Lamprakis Ioannis , Sanders Drewan S.
Published: February 2025

This paper investigates the effect of wall temperature and flow conditions on the potential for energy recovery of the NACA0012 airfoil. A work–energy balance has been derived from the governing equations for moving control volumes for a body in dynamic equilibrium, aerodynamically decoupled from its propulsive source. The formulation has been applied to an extensive test matrix of computational fluid dynamics cases, with steady level flight imposed and wall temperature, angle of attack, Reynolds number, and Mach number varied independently. The decomposition of the wake energy shows explicitly that the near-field work of the body manifests as global energy constituents, viscous dissipation, and baroclinic work. The analysis identifies the conditions and underlying mechanisms that minimize and maximize the potential for energy recovery, revealing that there are synergistic opportunities for tightly coupled airframe and propulsor configurations with waste heat to reject.
Design of Hydrogen Solid Oxide Fuel Cells in Blended-Wing–Body Aircraft
Authors: Chung Oi Ching Vanessa , AlSamri Khaled , Huynh Jacqueline , Brouwer Jack
Published: February 2025

This paper presents the design methodology for integrating a hydrogen solid oxide fuel cell/gas turbine (SOFC/GT) propulsion system into a blended-wing–body (BWB) aircraft and tube-and-wing (T&W) configurations for 365 and 162 passengers. The design methodology utilizes aircraft sizing and modeling tools that encompass aerodynamic properties, structural design, and powertrain integration. The proposed hydrogen BWB and T&W aircraft are compared against conventional models like the B777-300ER and B737-800. Key results indicate significant reductions in fuel consumption and emissions. For instance, the hydrogen BWB aircraft, on average, exhibits a 56% reduction in Megajoule of fuel energy consumption per passenger-kilometer compared to conventional aircraft. The analysis highlights the environmental benefits, with [Formula: see text] equivalent emissions per passenger-kilometer being significantly lower for hydrogen-powered models. The total takeoff weight per passenger for the hydrogen BWB-365 is 714 kg, compared to 916 kg for the conventional B777-300ER. Hydrogen aircraft configurations, on average, also show a 21% increase and 99.48% decrease in [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] emissions. Moreover, hydrogen BWB configurations exhibit reduced emissions compared to hydrogen T&W despite higher takeoff weights. This study underscores the potential of hydrogen SOFC/GT systems and BWB configurations to enhance efficiency and reduce the environmental impacts for future aircraft.
PENINGKATAN HASIL BELAJAR MELALUI IMPLEMENTASI MODEL PEMBELAJARAN NUMBER HEAD TOGETHER (NHT) PADA MATERI SISTEM PENCERNAAN MANUSIA KELAS VIII A MTS AL-IHSAN PONTIANAK
Authors: Wahyuni Sri
Published: February 2025

Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penilitian tindakan kelas (PTK). Tujuan dilakukannya penelitian ini adalah untuk melihat peningkatan hasil belajar siswa melalui implementasi model Number Head Together (NHT) pada materi sistem pencernaan manusia kelas VIII MTs. Al-Ihsan Pontianak. Subjek pada penelitian ini yaitu 30 orang siswa kelas VIII. Adapun instrumen penelitian yang digunakan yaitu berupa lembar observasi dan tes hasil belajar siswa. Pembelajaran pada penelitian ini dilakukan dalam 2 siklus belajar dimana masing-masing siklus terdiri dari 4 tahapan yaitu perencanaan, pelaksanaan, observasi, dan refleksi. Adapun hasil yang didapatkan pada siklus I yaitu rata-rata hasil belajar siswa yaitu 68 dengan persentase ketuntasan 60% dan keterlaksanaan proses pembelajaran yaitu 78%. Kemudian dilanjutkan pada siklus II dengan rata-rata hasil belajar siswa meningkat menjadi 80,5 dengan ketuntasan mencapai 90% dan keterlaksanaan proses pembelajaran sudah terlaksana sepenuhnya yaitu 100%. Berdasarkan hal tersebut maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa model NHT pada materi sistem pencernaan mampu meningkatkan hasil belajar dan aktivitas belajar siswa dalam pembelajaran.
PENGEMBANGAN MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN E-MAGAZINE SUBMATERI MANFAAT KEANEKARAGAMAN HAYATI KELAS X SMA BERBASIS TUMBUHAN LIAR SEBAGAI SUMBER PANGAN
Authors: Hanifa Hanifa , Syamswisna Syamswisna
Published: February 2025

Learning media is used to improve the quality of teaching and learning, because using interesting media in lesson can increase the students learning motivation. This study aims to determine the feasibility of E-Magazine media from the results of ethnobotanical studies of wild plants as food sources in Serundung Permai Hamlet I, Melawi Regency. The development of E-Magazine media is carried out to be an additional source of information, especially on the subtopic of the benefits of biodiversity related to wild plants that are used as alternative food sources. The method in this research is to use a qualitative descriptive method consisting of 2 stages of research including interviews and media making. The media-making stage is then broken down into pre-production, production, and post-production. Media feasibility validation was carried out at the post-production stage using a questionnaire with a Likert scale assessment and analyzed using the Lawshe formula. The results of media validation obtained a CVI value of 1.00. The validation results exceeded the 0.99 value criteria from 5 validators, which can be concluded that the E-Magazine media is valid for use on the benefits of biodiversity subtopic.
Self-assembly of Tyrosine-containing Peptides into Injectable Hydrogels with Distinct Nanostructures is Key in Determining Inflammatory Response of Macrophages
Authors: Wychowaniec Jacek K. , Bektas Ezgi Irem , Muerner Marcia , Sapudom Jiranuwat , Šrejber Martin , Airoldi Marielle , Schmidt Roland , Vernengo Andrea J. , Edwards-Gayle Charlotte J.C. , Tipay Paul Sean , Otyepka Michal , Teo Jeremy , Eglin David , D'Este Matteo
Published: February 2025

Self-assembling peptides (SAPs) are fully defined nanobiomaterials offering unprecedented opportunities to control nanostructure and chemical attributes to investigate and manipulate cellular signals. To investigate the influence of chemical and morphological characteristics on inflammatory signalling in native immunity, we designed five beta-sheet SAPs: EFEFKFEFK (EF8), YEFEFKFEFK (YEF8), EFEFKFEFKY (EF8Y), YEFEFKFEFKY (YEF8Y) and EYEFKFEFK (EYF8) (F: phenylalanine; E: glutamic acid; K: lysine, Y: tyrosine). The position of tyrosine in the peptide sequence dictated the distinct self-assembly into nanostructures, with sequences EF8Y, YEF8Y, EYF8 self-assembling into thin nanofibers d≈3.8 ± 0.4 nm, YEF8 self-assembling into rod-like flat ribbons d>20 nm and EF8 (control) consisting of both types of self-assembled nanostructures. These distinct nanostructures induced contrasting inflammatory response of monocytic model THP-1 cells-derived macrophages (MΦs). Presence of soluble EF8 nanofibers (at 2 mM) induced anti-inflammatory response and polarization towards an M2 state, whereas YEF8 (at 2 mM) displayed tendency for inducing pro-inflammatory response and polarization towards M1 state. The EF8Y, YEF8Y, EYF8 SAPs did not induce an inflammatory response in our models. These results were validated using peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs)-derived MΦs from human donors, confirming the critical role of the EF8 and YEF8 SAPs as possible orchestrators of the repair of tissues or inducers of pro-inflammatory state, respectively. The same MΦs polarization responses from THP-1 derived cells cultured on 20 mM hydrogels. These findings will facilitate the utilization of this family of SAPs as immunomodulatory nanobiomaterials potentially changing the course of inflammation during the progression of various diseases.
Enhancing Metal–Support Interactions of Ru Catalysts via Relaxation of Oxygen Vacancies for Hydrogen Production
Authors: Kim Mansu , Park Jonghwan , Choi Hyuk , Kim Sohui , Jang Injoon , Kim Hyun You , Jung Namgee , Yoo Sung Jong , Hupp Joseph , Whang Dongmok
Published: February 2025

The stability of Ru-based catalysts under harsh electrochemical conditions is a critical challenge limiting their practical application in energy conversion systems. In this study, Ru catalysts supported on ZrO2-x, CeO2-x, and ZrCeO2-x were synthesized via pyrolysis of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) and systematically evaluated to elucidate the role of support interactions on catalytic performance and durability. Advanced characterization techniques, including HR-TEM, XRD, XPS, and EXAFS, revealed that Ru-ZrCeO2-x exhibited superior structural stability compared to Ru-ZrO2-x and Ru-CeO2-x, particularly under high-potential sweep (HPS) conditions. The incorporation of Ce into ZrO2-x was shown to stabilize oxygen vacancies and enhance the interaction between Ru catalyst and the support, thereby mitigating catalyst degradation. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations further confirmed that Ce doping decreases formation energy of the oxygen vacancy, providing a thermodynamically favorable environment for Ru stabilization. This work demonstrates the promise of ZrCeO2-x as a robust support material for Ru-based catalysts, advancing their potential for durable and efficient energy applications.
VEGETABLE SEED PRODUCTION IN RUKUM (WESTERN PART) DISTRICT, NEPAL: AN ECONOMIC AND VALUE CHAIN EVALUATION
Authors: Pantha Prashant , Pokhrel Padma , Gaire Bishal , Pandey Sagar
Published: February 2025

Vegetable seed production in Nepal is rapidly growing due to commercialization, seed shortages, and increased value chain participation; this study comprehensively analyzed the vegetable seed value chain and economic aspects in three municipal areas of Rukum (Western Part) district—Musikot Municipality, Chaurjahari Municipality, and Sani Bheri Rural Municipality—using a purposive sample size of 41, identifying vegetable seed production centers, farmers, seed collectors, cooperatives, seed companies, and vegetable growers as key actors; the cost of seed production per ropani was highest for onion (Rs 16,887.93), followed by radish (Rs 14,187.85) and cauliflower (Rs 12,083.28), with yields of 24.5 kg, 93.69 kg, and 47.3 kg respectively, and the B/C ratio highest in cauliflower (2.02), followed by radish (1.45), and onion (0.71); farm gate prices and B/C ratios showed consistency in radish and cauliflower, but onions faced volatility due to price drops and high disease incidence, making prices insufficient to cover production costs, while producer shares were low for all three seeds (10.9% for radish, 3.38% for onion, and 4.91% for cauliflower) due to high packaging costs and trader margins; the most common marketing channel was producer-collector-wholesaler-retailer-consumer, with SWOT analysis highlighting favorable climate and national recognition as strengths; the study recommended regular field inspections and implementing minimum support prices by government and non-governmental organizations to improve vegetable seed production in Rukum (Western Part) district.
ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF COFFEE PRODUCTION IN GULMI DISTRICT, NEPAL
Authors: Sharma Madhav , Shrestha Sailesh , Chaulagain Supriya
Published: February 2025

Coffee is an evergreen plantation cash crop grown in a hilly tract with a height of up to 5m, falls under the family Rubiaceae and genus Coffea. It is a popular beverage containing caffeine, a natural stimulant that can improve alertness and focus. Coffee is a foreign exchange earner. A total of 60 households were surveyed considering feasibility using a simple random sampling procedure in the five wards (1,2,3,5 and 6) of Satyawati rural municipality at Gulmi District to assess and analyze the economic analysis of production. Field visit, Household survey, Focus Group Discussion, Key Informant Interview, semi-structured interview schedule was employed to collect information as primary sources and published reports and data were used as secondary sources. The information obtained was coded, tabulated, and analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) and Microsoft Excel. The research was carried out from 1st week of March to 2nd week of June 2023. Socio-demographic studies revealed that (61.7%) of the respondents were male and (38.3%) of the respondents were female. The overall average family size of the study area was found to be 5.05. The majority of respondents (46.7%) had an education up to the Primary level. Janajati and Aadibashi account for 60% of coffee producers. Subsistence and organic farming were the most common. (58.3%) of the coffee growers in the study area were involved in the farmer’s group. The average area under coffee production was 0.13 hectares. The total cost of production per hectare was Rs. 2,48,186. The total returns per hectare was Rs. 6,29,192. The benefit-cost ratio, based on a period of 15 years, was calculated as 2.53. The Net Present Value was calculated at Rs. 3,81,005. The positive Net Present Value indicates the project’s expected cash inflows. The Internal rate of return calculated was 22.75% indicating that the project is expected to generate a return that exceeds the cost of capital, making it an attractive investment.
Effectiveness of Multi-Modal Teaching Based on Online Case Libraries in the Education of Gene Methylation Combined with Spiral CT Screening for Pulmonary Ground-Glass Opacity Nodules
Authors: Zhou Yong , Zhang Xi , Liu Shuyi , He Zhouyi , Tian Weili , You Shuping
Published: February 2025

Objective: To explore the effectiveness of multi-modal teaching based on an online case library in the education of gene methylation combined with spiral computed tomography (CT) screening for pulmonary ground-glass opacity (GGO) nodules. Methods: From October 2023 to April 2024, 66 medical imaging students were selected and randomly divided into a control group and an observation group, each with 33 students. The control group received traditional lecture-based teaching, while the observation group was taught using a multi-modal teaching approach based on an online case library. Performance on assessments and teaching quality were analyzed between the two groups. Results: The observation group achieved higher scores in theoretical and practical knowledge compared to the control group (P < 0.05). Additionally, the teaching quality scores were significantly higher in the observation group (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Implementing multi-modal teaching based on an online case library for pulmonary GGO nodule screening with gene methylation combined with spiral CT can enhance students’ knowledge acquisition, improve teaching quality, and have significant clinical application value.