bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PROLIFIC WRITERS IN MARITAL AND FAMILY THERAPY: A RESEARCH NOTE
Authors: Thomas Frank N. , McKenzie Paul N.
Published: June 2007

Success and promotion within an academic setting depends heavily upon one's ability to publishscholarly work. The “publish or perish” syndrome, and how it relates to marital and family therapy, is of importance to current and aspiring academicians' futures as well as those who wish to impact the field. Research was conducted to identify the most prolific journal writers in the field, and 18 persons were surveyed in order to ascertain how they organized themselves personally and professionally, in order to write productively. The results are analyzed, and recommendations are made regarding the organization of oneself for publishing success.
QUANTIFYING THE CLINICAL ASSESSMENT OF FAMILY HEALTH
Authors: Kinston Warren , Loader Peter , Miller Liza
Published: June 2007

The Family Health Scale is an instrument designed to quantify the quality of family functioning from the perspective of an external clinical observer. Rating may be based on whatever information is available on the family but, ideally, should be derived from a valid standardized method of direct observation like the Family Task Interview (Kinston and Loader, 1986). Clinical judgement must be exercised in rating, and new methods to enhance its quality have been devised. The scale may be used with nonlabelled, as well as psychiatrically labelled, families. The FHS has demonstrated consistently high inter‐rater agreement, and test‐retest reliability. Evidence is also offered for its validity and specificity.
THE THEORY AND PRACTICE OF STRUCTURAL AND STRATEGIC FAMILY THERAPIES: A DELPHI STUDY
Authors: Fish Linda Stone , Piercy Fred P.
Published: June 2007

The present study employed the Delphi procedure to examine the similarities and differences in the theory and practice of structural and strategic family therapy. A three‐phase Delphi questionnaire was sent to a national panel of knowledgeable structural and strategic therapists, who were asked to identify and reach a consensus of opinion about items they thought important to a profile of either structural or strategic family therapy. In addition, questions were devised to examine the Mental Research Institute, MRI, Haley/Madanes, and Milan/Ackerman approaches to strategic family therapy. The final profiles are described and discussed.
THERAPISTS' PERSONALITIES AND THEIR EVALUATION OF THREE FAMILY THERAPY STYLES: AN EMPIRICAL INVESTIGATION
Authors: Heatherington Laurie
Published: June 2007

This study examined the relationship between beginning therapists' personalities and their evaluations of three divergent family therapy styles. Sixty clinical and counseling psychology students completed the Adjective Checklist (Gough & Heilbrun, 1983) and rated videotaped therapy sessions conducted by Bowen, Minuckin, and Whitaker. Adjective Checklist ratings of each subject were also obtained from three friends/family members. Self‐rated personality factors of dominant‐masculinity and, to a lesser extent, nurturant‐femininity were significant predictors of subjects' ratings of the tapes. Gender was a factor in ranked ratings of the tapes. Other‐rated personality traits were not significant predictors. Implications for therapy training and supervision are discussed.
THE “SPONTANEOUS” CESSATION OF MARITAL VIOLENCE: THREE CASE EXAMPLES
Authors: Margolin Gayla , Fernandez Vivian
Published: June 2007

Despite general trends for violence in marriage to escalate in frequency and intensity, there are some couples who, through their own efforts, stop being violent. Three such couples are described below, with particular attention given to spouses' reports on the cessation of their violence. Discussion focuses on the implications of these couples' experiences for the treatment of wife battering.
TOWARD AN OBJECT‐RELATIONS APPROACH IN PSYCHOANALYTIC MARITAL THERAPY*
Authors: Finkelstein Lionel
Published: June 2007

The purpose of this paper is to describe the features which distinguish psychoanalytic marital therapy from other forms of marital therapy, to describe briefly how important classical psychoanalytic concepts can be applied to marital therapy, to present in somewhat greater detail the author's view of how object‐relations theories and, particularly, the work of three authors, Fairbairn, Kohut and Gilligan, can be applied to psychoanalytic marital therapy, and finally, to indicate certain directions for further study.
TOWARD THE IDENTIFICATION OF VARIABLES FOR EVALUATING FAMILY THERAPY WORKSHOPS*
Authors: Heath Anthony W. , McKenna Barbara C. , Atkinson Brent J.
Published: June 2007

If the field of family therapy is to improve the quality of its continuing education, a useful measurement of workshop quality must be developed. In a preliminary step towards this goal, 14 expert subjects from the field of family therapy were interviewed to identify variables and relationships that can be hypothesized to influence the quality–as assessed by participants–of family therapy workshops. This paper reports the opinions of the subjects, using counts and quotations to convey as much of the raw information as space allows, and presents the methods through which the information was organized by the authors into four categories and 58 (assumed to be interdependent) variables.
SYSTEMIC TREATMENT OF SUBSTANCE ABUSE: A GRADUATE COURSE
Authors: Heath Anthony W. , Atkinson Brent J.
Published: June 2007

Today, family therapists should have an understanding of the development and maintenance of substance abusing patterns in families. In this paper, the authors describe a graduate course for teaching therapists about the contributions that have been made to the understanding and treatment of substance abuse by family researchers, theorists and clinicians. Course purpose, student selection, instructional methods and course content are delineated.
ENRICH MARITAL INVENTORY: A DISCRIMINANT VALIDITY AND CROSS‐VALIDATION ASSESSMENT
Authors: Fowers Blaine J. , Olson David H.
Published: June 2007

To assess the validity and clinical utility of the marital inventory ENRICH, a discriminant validity study was conducted using a national sample of 5039 married couples. The sample was randomly split in order to form a cross‐validation group. ENRICH is a multidimensional scale and two types of analysis were conducted to assess the value of these various scales. Results from discriminant analysis indicated that using either the individual scores or couples' scores, happily married couples could be discriminated from unhappily married couples with 85–95% accuracy. These results were cross‐validated with a second sample. Using regression analysis, it was clearly demonstrated that background factors account for little of the variance in discriminating happy from unhappily married couples compared to their relationship dynamics, i.e., scale scores. All ENRICH scales except equalitarian roles proved significant, indicating the validity of a multidimensional inventory.
ETHICAL DILEMMAS FACED BY FAMILY THERAPISTS
Authors: Green Susan L. , Hansen James C.
Published: June 2007

This study explores the reactions of 202 randomly selected clinical members of the American Association for Marriage and Family Therapy (AAMFT) to a variety of ethical dilemma situations which examine what family therapists are doing in their work when confronted with these difficult situations. Eight of the issues studied have been discussed in the literature and eight are included in the AAMFT'sEthical Principles for Family Therapists(1984). In addition to showing how clinical members responded to dilemmic vignettes that reflect these dilemmas, results indicated that family therapists are facing these dilemmas, have a high rate of consensus of what they would and would not do in each situation and almost all the situations were seen as being ethically significant by the majority of respondents.
A COMPARISON OF THE McMASTER AND CIRCUMPLEX FAMILY ASSESSMENT INSTRUMENTS*
Authors: Fristad Mary A.
Published: June 2007

This study compared clinical rating scales and self‐report scales from the McMaster and Circumplex models of family functioning. Forty‐one families were given self‐report measures, while clinicians assessed the families using clinical rating scales. There are three main findings: (a) The McMaster instruments have superior sensitivity (i.e., ability to correctly identify clinical families based on instrument scores); (b) there is greater correspondence between clinical rating scales and family member self‐report inventories on the McMaster instruments; (c) there is lack of support for the curvilinear model of pathology suggested by the Circumplex model, as evidenced by unequal and linear distribution of scores on the Circumplex dimensions.
SYSTEMIC ASSESSMENT OF FAMILIES THROUGH INDIVIDUAL TREATMENT: A TEACHING MODULE
Authors: Terry Linda L.
Published: June 2007

A family therapist's training and practice frequently calls for providing systemic treatment with individuals. Family therapy education has not incorporated specific learning experiences to prepare trainees for the difficulties incurred in this application of systemic work. This article describes an instructional module to prepare trainees for conducting a systemic assessment in individual treatment.
TRAINING WITH O (OBSERVING) AND T (TREATMENT) TEAMS IN LIVE SUPERVISION: REFLECTIONS IN THE LOOKING GLASS*
Authors: Roberts Janine , Matthews William J. , Bodin Noor‐Anisa , Cohen Doris , Lewandowski Linda , Novo John , Pumilia Joe , Willis Carlotta
Published: June 2007

Working with a treatment and observing team at the same time, behind the oneway mirror, offers a variety of ways to: (a) generate multiple realities; (b) work with two different models of family therapy simultaneously; and (c) provide feedback on the teams' own roles, rules and group process. The process that 6 trainees and two supervisors used with T and O teams to examine their own coevolution as a therapeutic system using the Milan model of family therapy and Ericksonian hypnotherapy is described. The article concludes with a discussion of the advantages and pitfalls of this type of dual supervision.
PREPARING MARRIAGE AND FAMILY THERAPY STUDENTS TO BECOME EMPLOYEE ASSISTANCE PROFESSIONALS*
Authors: Smith Thomas A. , Salts Connie J. , Smith Craig W.
Published: June 2007

While the number of Employee Assistance Programs (EAPs) has grown tremendously, opportunities for marriage and family therapists in EAP settings have not been adequately described. This paper addresses issues pertinent to training Marriage and Family Therapy (MFT) students to develop the skills needed to become EAP professionals. Qualifications for becoming an EAP professional are described and suggestions are made as to how these skills may be taught within the framework of an academically based MFT training program.
THE CLINICAL AND THEORETICAL IMPACT OF A CONTROLLED TRIAL OF FAMILY THERAPY IN ANOREXIA NERVOSA
Authors: Dare Christopher , Eisler Ivan , Russell Gerald F. M. , Szmukler George I.
Published: June 2007

The paper discusses the practical and theoretical implications of the results of a controlled treatment trial. Family therapy was compared with individual, supportive psychotherapy for the management of severe eating disorder. Family therapy was markedly more effective in achieving improvement in one of four subgroups of patients: (a): those with early onset, short duration; (b) early onset, duration more than 3 years; (c) late onset, after the age of 18 years; (d) those with bulimia nervosa. The therapies used are described, as are the changes in clinical practice arising from the study. Theoretical considerations concerning notions of family structure, the family life‐cycle and symptomatic and family change are also discussed.
CHILDREN WHO SUE PARENTS: A NEW FORM OF FAMILY HOMICIDE?
Authors: Kaslow Florence W.
Published: June 2007

In the past two decades, the legal doctrines of intrapousal and interfamily immunity have been weakened or stricken in many states. Spouses may now testify against each other and children may now sue parents. This article was written ot begin to familiarize family therapists with the complex psycho‐legal issues inmvolved in these cases. It is suggested that this is a cutting edge arena of grave concern, as intrafamily lawsuits exacerbate existing contention and cutoffs in families—something many family therapists seek to prevent or reverse. This paper is predicated on the belief that therapists should be knowledgeable about the legal traditions and decisions that impinge on our patients' lives. First, a brief history of the legal origins about intrafamilial lawsuits is provided. Next, six categories of lawsuits are delineated. What becomes evident is that when adult children sue parents, the conflicts an schisms in the family are already fairly extreme and that, often, the lawsuit makes the rift irreparable. Perhaps family lawsuits constitute a less violent and slower form of family destruction that homicide.
OBESITY AND FAMILY SYSTEMS: A FAMILY FIRO APPROACH TO ASSESSMENT AND TREATMENT PLANNING1
Authors: Doherty William J. , Harkaway Jill Elka
Published: June 2007

This paper offers a model for conceptualizing interactional patterns in families presenting for treatment of obesity, and suggests a method for organizing assessment and for prioritizing treatment strategies. We use the Family FIRO Model as a framework to organize complex assessment issues, to assign priorities for which issues should be treated first, and to select appropriate treatment techniques that cut across different models of family therapy.
MORNING AND NIGHT COUPLES: THE EFFECT OF WAKE AND SLEEP PATTERNS ON MARITAL ADJUSTMENT*
Authors: Larson Jeffry H. , Crane D. Russell , Smith Craig W.
Published: June 2007

This study explored the effects of spouses' wake and sleep patterns on marital adjustment. A total of 150 couples from three states completed questions on wake/sleep patterns, marital interaction, marital adjustment, and problem solving. Couples whose wake and sleep patterns were mismatched (e.g., an evening person married to a morning person) reported significantly less marital adjustment, more marital conflict, less time spent in serious conversation, less time spent in shared activities and less frequent sexual intercourse than matched couples. Contrary to expectations for matched couples, night couples did not report more involvement in extra‐familial social activities than morning couples. Morning couples engaged in sexual intercourse more frequently in the morning than night couples; night couples had sex more often in the evening than morning couples. There were no significant differences in the intercourse rates for morning couples and night couples. Compared to matched couples, mismatched couples with high marital adjustment reported more flexibility and adaptability in their marital problem solving. The implications of these findings for premarital counseling and marital therapy are discussed.
A FEMINIST FAMILY THERAPY SCALE*
Authors: Black Leora , Piercy Fred P.
Published: June 2007

This paper reports on the development and psychometric properties of a 17‐item instrument intended to reflect the degree to which family therapists conceptualize the process of family therapy from a feminist‐informed perspective. Items were adapted from those generated by 37 feminist‐informed family therapists in a previous study. Factor analysis results on 383 subjects reflect a unidimensional scale. The Feminist Family Therapy Scale had a Cronbach Alpha of 83 and was found to discriminate between (a) self indentified feminists and nonfeminists, (b) women and men, and (c) subjects scoring higher on Scanzoni's (1975) Sex Role Modernity Scale and those scoring lower. Additional psychometric data are reported, and possible uses of this scale are discussed.
ICONOCLASM VERSUS INNOVATION: BUILDING A SCIENCE OF FAMILY THERAPY‐COMMENTS ON MOON, DILLON, AND SPRENKLE
Authors: Cavell Timothy A. , Snyder Douglas K.
Published: June 2007

We dispute Moon, Dillon, and Sprenkle's (1990) claims regarding the unique advantages of qualitative methods and inherent limitations of traditional quantitative approaches for addressing the needs of family therapy research. We support the role of qualitative research as a generative phase in theory development and concur that exclusive allegiance to a standard set of research methods may limit our attention to important family therapy processes. However, we also assert the need to document generalizability of informal observations through controlled procedures using appropriate quantitative techniques. Both ethical and practical considerations demand that we document treatment efficacy based on a science of family therapy.
WAITING LIST CONTROLLED TRIAL OF COGNITIVE MARITAL THERAPY IN SEVERE MARITAL DISCORD
Authors: Waring Edward M. , Carver Claudia M. , Stalker Carol A. , Gitta Maria Z.
Published: June 2007

Forty‐one couples with severe marital discord participated in a controlled trial conducted to evaluate whether a form of marital therapy that is designed to enhance marital intimacy through facilitating self‐disclosure of personal constructs was effective. The study found that there was no spontaneous remission in marital discord in couples on a 10‐week waiting list. Couples subjectively reported improvement as a consequence of participating in marital therapy, and couples in therapy and on the waiting list showed a significant reduction in symptoms of nonpsychotic emotional illness. There was a significant pattern of improvement for wives in the therapy group compared to the waiting list group, but no such effect for the husbands.
DOING THERAPY: A POST‐STRUCTURAL RE‐VISION*
Authors: de Shazer Steve , Berg Insoo Kim
Published: June 2007

The purpose of this essay is to develop a way to look at doing therapy based on (a) Wittgenstein's concept of “language game”; (b) the relationship between Wittgenstein's “private language” argument, language games, and constructivism; and (c) post‐structural thinking about language, how therapy works within language, and how language works within therapy. Case material is used to illustrate the usefulness of this approach.
A RESPONSE TO HEIM AND SNYDER
Authors: Ettinger Debra , Commisso Joseph , Fuls Susan , Macri Donna , Soucar Emil
Published: June 2007

This article comments on a recent study by Heim and Snyder (1991) which explores the interaction between marital distress and spouses' attributions in predicting depression. We suggest taht the attributional theory model may set up a reductionistic research stance that potentially separates what depressed people think from their circumstances and history, thus implying a linear relationship between thinking, depression, and, in this case, marital distress. We also question whether the authors' focus on women's attributional processes, combined with their reliance on a potentially unidimensional model of depression, might inadvertently support preexisting power imbalances in the marital relationship. Finally, we address research design issues regarding measurement, sampling, and statistical concerns.
AESTHETICS AND PRAGMATICS OF FAMILY THERAPY REVISITED
Authors: Atkinson Brent J.
Published: June 2007

After reacting specifically to Simon's (1992) proposal for the integration of first and second‐order therapies, I note how he, as well as Anderson and Goolihian (1988, 1990), focus primarily on deliberate, intentional ways to promote a respectful stance in therapy. Although a consideration of which intentional stances and strategies will promote the most helpful conversations in therapy is important, an even more critial question concerns the possible limitations of intentional efforts and the relation of conscious mind to other natural orders of mind in the living world. I suggest that deliberate efforts on the part of theapists toward any intended therapeutic outcomes must be comlemented by instictive and intuitive ways of participating with clients.
SPIRITUALITY AND FAMILY THERAPY: SPIRITAL BELIEFS, MYTHS, AND METAPHORS*
Authors: Prest Layne A. , Keller James F.
Published: June 2007

The field of marriage and family therapy is evolving toward theoretical and practical models with an ecosystemic focus which encourage an awareness of different levels of system interaction yet therapists have rarely been encouraged to explore the spiritual dimension of their clients' lives, even though doing so may enrich the understanding of the metaphors and meanings which inform their existence and perhaps, their problems. This paper challenges therapists to consider the spiritual belief systems of their clients which have contributed to the development or maintenance of the presenting problem. The authors present case examples and specific suggestions for clinical practice.
BRINGING ADVENTURE INTO MARRIAGE AND FAMILY THEAPY: AN INNOVATIVE EXPERIENTIAL APPROACH
Authors: (Lee) Gillis H. L. , Gass Michael A.
Published: June 2007

outdoor adventure experiences, traditionally associated with programs like Outward Bound and Project Adventure, have evolved into specific interventions for a number of therapeutic populations. Once used primarily with dysfunctional adolescents, a series of presentations and writings have emerged that apply these techniques to marriage and family populations. This article presents a brief history and overview of the documented use of adventure experiences in marriage and family therapy and enrichment. Illustrations of actual techniques and recommendations for guiding future studies are also offered.
DYSPHORIA AND MARITAL DISCORD: ARE DYSPHORIC INDIVIDUALS AT RISK FOR MARITAL MALADJUSTMENT?
Authors: Beach Steven R. H. , O'Leary K. Daniel
Published: June 2007

The effect of dysphoria on husbands' and wives' later marital adjustment was examined in a sample of 264 white couples about to marry who responded to advertisements. Relationship satisfaction and level of dysphoria were assessed in both spouses prior to marriage, 6 months after marriage, and 18 months after marriage. Premarital dysphoria was associated with later marital dissatisfaction. Husbands' premarital dysphoria, regardless of chronicity, was associated with greater deterioration in both their own and their partners' marital satisfaction. Wives' premarital dysphoria was associated with greater deterioration in marital satisfaction only if it was chronic. Results suggest that premarital dysphoria is associated with subsequent deterioration of marital relationships.
TREATMENT ISSUES FOR SURVIVORS OF PHYSICAL AND SEXUAL ABUSE*
Authors: Busby Dean M. , Glenn Ed , Steggell Gary L. , Adamson Darren W.
Published: June 2007

Many clients who participate in family therapy have experienced trauma such as physical and sexual abuse in their families of origin. Extensive literature suggests that abusive experiences can result in post‐traumatic stress disorders, depression, anxiety, personality disorders, and other long‐term effects. Without recognition of the effects that abuse can have on individuals, it is possible to misdiagnose clients or fail to provide them with adequate assistance. This study is an attempt to compare the symptomology of nonabused clients with physically and sexually abused clients using an empirically sound measure. The results demonstrate that the majority of clients who experienced physical and/or sexual abuse in their backgrounds scored in the clinical range on scales from the Millon Clinical Multiaxial Instrument (MCMI) (Millon, 1984). In contrast, clients who did not report abuse had significantly lower scores than the abused clients, and the majority of the nonabused clients scored in the nonclinical range on the scales of the MCMI. Treatment and theoretical implications surrounding the issues of abuse are discussed, and recommendations for marriage and family therapists are provided.
FAMILY THERAPISTS' RESPONSE TO AIDS: AN EXAMINATION OF ATTITUDES, KNOWLEDGE, AND CONTACT*
Authors: Green Shelley K. , Bobele Monte
Published: June 2007

As the number of individuals and families impacted by AIDS continue to multiply, family therapists will increasingly be asked to become engaged in the challenge of caring for those affected. To date, little has been written in family therpy journals regarding the response of family therapists to this crisis. This paper represents an initial attempt to examine the atitudes of clinical members of the American Association for Marriage and Family Therapy toward AIDS and persons with AIDS. Included in the study are data regarding the therapists' contact with persons with AIDS, gays, and lesbians, and the impact of such contact on attitudes. Implications for future research, training, and treatment of those affected by AIDS are also provided.
A SCALE IN SEARCH OF A CONSTRUCT: COMMENTS ON GAVIN AND WAMBOLDT
Authors: Schouten Peter G. W.
Published: June 2007

The article examines some issues raised in Gavin and Wamboldt's (1992) recent study on the Family‐of‐Origin Scale (FOS) (Hovestadt, Anderson, Piercy, Cochran, & Fine, 1985). The discussion centers on unresolved concerns regarding the validity and utility of the FOS and on unsubstantiated and potentially misleading claims made in the Gavin and Wamboldt article. A case is made for conceptual and methodological precision in the study of family phenomena.
USING THE TELEPHONE IN FAMILY THERAPY
Authors: Hines Max H.
Published: June 2007

This article explores use of the telephone as a communication medium for engaging families in the therapy process. A review of related literature is followed by an exploration of some of the challenges involves. The author offers suggestions for conducting phone sessions, provides a case example, examines some of the ethical issues involves, and ponders the possible future impact of advanced telephone‐related communication technology on family therapy.
DEFINING WHO WE ARE AND WHAT WE DO: CLINICAL PRACTIVE PATTERNS OF MARRIAGE AND FAMILY THERAPISTS IN MINNESOTA
Authors: Simmons Deborh S. , Doherty William J.
Published: June 2007

The clinical practice patterns of a representative sample of marriage and family therapists (MFTs) were studied. AAMFT clinical members from Minnesota (N = 76) were surveyed for demographic characteristics, educational beckground, and practice‐related issues. subjects also reported empirical data from 119 treatment cases involving 351 clients, a first in the MFT field. Among the major findings were: (a) MFTs practic relatively short‐term therapy with the average case involving 11 sessions over a 4‐month period; (b) therapy with families (average of 8 sessions) and couples (10 sessions) is briefer than individual therapy (14 sessions); and (c) NFTs treat a wide range of serious problems. Overall, MFT clinical practice patterns were comparable to those of other established mental health professions.
THE ROLE OF TIME FRAME IN THE ASSESSMENT OF FAMILY FUNCTIONING
Authors: Jacob Theodore
Published: June 2007

The purpose of this study was to evaluate how the stated time frame of family questionnaires can influence the individual's report of family events and relationships. Three whole‐family assessment procedures were administered to a large sample of intact families under two conditions—when the respondent was asked to describe his/her family “in general” and “during the past week”. Major findings indicated that (a) reports of family relationships reflected the same overall evaluation regardless of time frame, (b) the number or degree of positive endorsements was greater on the “in general” than the “past week” format, and (c) the impact of time frame varied greatly as a function of instrument. Explanations and implications of these findings are discussed.
THE “PROBLEM” OF MICHAEL WHITE AND MICHEL FOUCAULT
Authors: Redekop Fred
Published: June 2007

The following essay proposes to look at the “problem” of the family therapist, Michael White, and the philosopher, Michel Foucault. The problem generally defined is the following: what are the key features of the relationship between Foucault and White? To answer this question, four areas need to be examined. First, it is important to look at the relationship between personal stories and cultural and institutional discourses. Second, there is a need to address the local use of power. Third, attention needs to be paid to the positions of Foucault and White vis‐à‐vis their respective disciplines. Lastly, the issue of the proper use of Foucault's methodology as applied to family therapy needs to be explored.
THE EFFICACY AND EFFECTIVENESS OF MARITAL AND FAMILY THERAPY: A PERSPECTIVE FROM META‐ANALYSIS
Authors: Shadish William R. , Ragsdale Kevin , Glaser Renita R. , Montgomery Linda M.
Published: June 2007

This article reviews the major findings from a multiproject meta‐analysis of the effects of marital and family therapy (MFT). Across 163 randomized trials, MFT demonstrates moderate, statistically significant, and often clinically significant effects. No orientation is yet demonstrably superior to any other, nor is MFT superior to individual therapy. Cost effectiveness information is scant in these 163 studies, but supportive. Randomized experiments yield very different answers from nonrandomized experimental studies of the effects of MFT, calling into question whether we should mix the two in reviews. We have also found several new differences in the ways that marital therapy (MT) and family therapy (FT) studies are conducted, making them harder to compare. Finally, important questions still exist about whether any psychotherapy, including MFT, yet has sufficient information about how well research generalizes to everyday clinical practice.
OBLIGATED CLINICAN SELF‐DISCLOSURE: JONE THERAPIST'S INTERVENTIONS FOLLOWING A FAMILY MEMBER'S PUBLICIZED MURDER*
Authors: Lewis J. L. , Stokes D. R.
Published: June 2007

This article describes a family therapist's management of the sudden collision between profesional and personal boundaries following the publicized murder of her spouse. Reasons are offered to explain why it is becoming difficult for all clinicians to control the process of self‐disclosure in therapy. Strategies used to meet the demands of affirming professional distance while maintaining therapeutic effectiveness are described. Brief recommendations are proposed for therapists in group, medical, rural, inpatient, and underserved settings. It is hoped that this case study will generate further discussion and assist health care providers who may face this challenge in the future.
BRIEF REPORT: ON AN EXERCISE FOR TRAINING BEGINNING MARITAL AND FAMILY THERAPISTS IN LANGUAGE SKILLS
Authors: Latz Martha
Published: June 2007

This paper is a brief report on the administration and outcome of an experiential exercise for training beginning martial and family therapists in language skills. The exercise consists of two parts. In the first part, only the audio of a film clip is engaged, and participants are asked to describe what they heard. During the second part, both the audio and video of this clip are presented together and the participants are again asked for a description. This exercise is used to sensitize beginning therapists to the possibility of their own and their clients' idiosyncratic application of words during a therapy session.
SUCCESSFUL STEPFAMILY THERAPY: CLIENTS' PERSPECTIVES
Authors: Pasley Kay , Rhoden Lyn , Visher Emily B. , Visher John S.
Published: June 2007

This study examined responses from 267 adults who sought therapy because of stepfamily issues. Concerns identified at the initiation of therapy and those aspects of therapy found to be helpful or unhelpful to stepfamily adjustment were investigated. Results indicated that issues around parenting/stepparenting and stepfamily functioning were of greatest concern at the initiation of therapy. Affective support, clarification of issues, and the process and structure of therapy were most frequently reported as helpful. The therapist's perceived lack of training and skill in treating stepfamily issues was reported most frequently as unhelpful in therapy.
SOLUTION‐FOCUSED THERAPY IN A PSYCHIATRIC HOSPITAL
Authors: Kok Cynthia J. , Leskela Jennie
Published: June 2007

This paper presents the authors' use of solution‐focused brief therpay in an adult inpatient psychiatric hospital setting. we suggest that a theoretical inteeegration of the medical model and the solution‐focused approach provides a useful treatment modality. We discuss implementation of the model, emphasizing assessment, treatment milieu, the role of staff, therapy, and discharge issues. We also describe the model's usefulness for training and supervision and offer recommendations for future research.
AN EXPERIENTIAL APPROACH TO FAMILY‐OF‐ORIGIN WORK WITH MARITAL AND FAMILY THERAPY TRAINEES
Authors: Kane Connie M.
Published: June 2007

An experiential approach to family‐of‐origin work with marital and family therapy students is offered as a complement to didactic study. Recommendations are made for structuring courses to include family‐of‐origin work without blurring the roles of instructor and therapist.
BOOK REVIEWS
Authors: Piercy Fred P.
Published: June 2007

Book reviewed in this article:

PROFESSIONAL BOOKS: Burck, C., & Daniel, G. (1995). Gender and family therapy.

PROFESSIONAL BOOKS: Comas‐Diaz, L., & Greene, B. (1994). Women of color: Integrating ethnic and gender identities in psychotherapy.

PROFESSIONAL BOOKS: Hendrick, S. S. (1995). Close relationships: What couple therapists can learn.

PROFESSIONAL BOOKS: Ackerman, M. J. (1995). Clinician's guide to child custody evaluations.

PROFESSIONAL BOOKS: Andolfi, M., & Haber, R. (Eds.). (1994). Please help me with this family: Using consultants as resources in family therapy.

PROFESSIONAL BOOKS: Shapiro, E. R. (1994). Grief as a family process: A developmental approach to clinical practice.

GENERAL INTEREST BOOK: Nichols, M. P., (1995). The lost art of listening.

SELF‐HELP BOOKS: O'Hanlon, B., & Hudson, P. (1995). Love is a verb: How to stop analyzing your relationship and start making it great!

SELF‐HELP BOOKS: Hall, C. M. (1994). New families: Reviving and creating meaningful bonds.
BOOK REVIEWS
Authors: Piercy Fred P.
Published: June 2007

Book reviewed in this article:

PROFESSIONAL BOOKS: Tiefer, L. (1995). Sex is not a natural act and other essays.

PROFESSIONAL BOOKS: Carr, A. (1995). Positive practice: A step‐by‐step guide to family therapy.

PROFESSIONAL BOOKS: Read, J. (1995). Counseling for fertility problems.

PROFESSIONAL BOOKS: Roy, R., & Frankel, H. (1995). How good is family therapy? A reassessment.

PROFESSIONAL BOOKS: Kaslow, F. (1995). Projective genogramming.

PROFESSIONAL BOOKS: Held, B. S. (1995). Back to reality: A critique of postmodern theory in psychotherapy.

PROFESSIONAL BOOKS: Fontes, L. A. (Ed.). (1995). Sexual abuse in nine north American cultures.

GENERAL INTEREST BOOK: Bor, R., & Elford, J. (Eds.). (1994). The family and HIV.

SELF‐HELP BOOKS: Wassil‐Grimm, C. (1994). Where's daddy? How divorced, single, and widowed mothers can provide what's missing when dad's missing.

SELF‐HELP BOOKS: Block J. (1994). Family myths: Living our roles, betraying ourselves.

VIDEOTAPE REVIEW: The Psychological Residuals of Slavery. (1995). (Videotape presenting emotional and behavioral consequences of historical enslavement on contemporary African Americans).
AUTONOMY AND RELATEDNESS IN MARITAL FUNCTIONING
Authors: Rankin‐Esquer Lynn A. , Burnett Charles K. , Baucom Donald H. , Epstein Norman
Published: June 2007

The current investigation expands the focus of cognitive behavioral formulations of marriage by exploring the constructs of autonomy and relatendness in marriage. One hundred forty‐one married couples matched to the 1990 U.S. census data on age, race, and income completed a number of self‐report marital inventories including the Autonomy and Relatendness Inventory (Schaefer, Edgerton, & Burnett, 1991). Autonomy was measured by evaluating spouses' perceptions of the extent to which partners encouraged a sense of independence and individuality for the spouses. Relatedness was measured by evaluating spouses' perceptions of the amount of closeness that partners provided. It was found that autonomy and relatedness were significantly positively correlated with each other, as well as with marital adjustment for both males and females. It was found that for females, the provision of relatedness (as reported by their husbands) was significantly related to the standards that they held for the relationship. In addition, it was found that for females, the provision of relatedness (as reported by their husbands) was significantly related to the standards that husbands held for the relationship. However, no significant relationships were found between husbands' standards and relatedness (either as reported by wives or husbands). It was concluded that it is appropriate to help couples think of autonomy and relatedness as being tow important aspects of marriage that can exist together and are related to a satisfying marriage. Implications of the findings suggest that marital therapists could expand the conceptualization of marital therapy beyond being primarily relationship focused to include attention to individual needs of the spouses. Relatedness was measured by evaluating spouses' perception of the amount of closeness that partners privided. It was found that autonomy and relatedness were significantly positively correlated with each other as well as with marital adjustment for both males and females. It was found that for females, the prpvision of relatedness(as reported by their husbands) was significantly related to the srandards that they held for the relationship. In addition, it was found that for females, the provision of relatedness(as reported by their husbands)was significantly related to the standards that husbands held for the relatinship. How‐ever, no significant relationships were found between husbands' standards and
FOCUSED SUPERVISION SEEN THROUGH A RECURSIVE FRAME ANALYSIS*
Authors: Rudes Jim , Shilts Lee , Berg Insoo Kim
Published: June 2007

The last decade has seen a dramatic increase in the literature addressing family therapy training and supervision (Liddle, Breunlin, & Schwartz, 1988; Morris & Chenail, 1995; Selekman & Todd, 1995; Thomas, 1994). Most of this literature, however, focuses on theory rather than prctice. This paper presents a study of solution‐focused therapy's model of supervision, which we have labeled focused supervision. This supervisory process is conceptualized as a conversation during which supervisor and supervisee engage in a dialogue that mutually shapes the meaning of the experience. This study attends to the actual words spoken and utilizes recursive frame analysis to get closer to the talk of a focused supervisory session.
TWENTY YEARS AND STILL IN THE DARK? CONTENT ANALYSIS OF ARTICLES PERTAINING TO GAY, LESBIAN, AND BISEXUAL ISSUES IN MARRIAGE AND FAMILY THERAPY JOURNALS
Authors: Clark Wanda M. , Serovich Julianne M.
Published: June 2007

To what extent do marriage and family therapy journals address gay, lesbian, and bisexual issues and how does this coverage compare to allied fields? To answer these questions, a content analysis was conducted on articles published in the marriage and family therapy literature from 1975 to 1995. Of the 13,217 articles examined in 17 journals, only 77 (.006%) focused on gay, lesbian, and/or bisexual issues or used sexual orientation as a variable. Findings support the contention that gay, lesbian, and bisexual issues are ignored by marriage and family therapy researchers and scholars.
REVIEWS
Authors: Thomas Volker
Published: June 2007

PROFESSIONAL BOOKS: Freedman, J., & Combs, G. (1996). Narrative therapy: The social construction of preferred realities.

PROFESSIONAL BOOKS: Boyd‐Franklin, N., Steiner, G. L., & Boland, M. G. (Eds.). (1995). Children, families and HIV/AIDS: Psychosocial and therapuetic issues.

PROFESSIONAL BOOKS: Nichols, W. (1996). Treating people in families: An Integrative framework

GENERAL INTEREST BOOKS: Borcherdt, B. (1996). Head over heart in love: 25 guides to rational passion

GENERAL INTEREST BOOKS: Mirkin, M. P. (1994). Women in context: Toward a feminist reconstruction of psychotheraphy.

SELF‐HELP BOOK: Gordon, L. (1996). If you really loved me

COMPUTER SOFTWARE REVIEW: Practice Magic.
SOURCES OF INFLUENCE AND TOPIC AREAS IN FAMILY THERAPY: TRENDS IN THREE MAJOR JOURNALS
Authors: Naden Michelle , Rasmussen Klayne , Morrissette Patrick , Johns Kurt
Published: June 2007

Following Gurman (1981), this study reports on authors and topics of interest in prominent marriage and family therapy journals from 1980 through 1995. Fifteen of the 25 institutions that produced the greatest number of authors prior to 1978 continued to be among the top 25 between 1980 and 1995, and the 25 leading institutions produced 29.5% of articles from 1980 to 1995. Most authors held positions in university settings and taught in programs with a marriage and family therapy focus. Clinical issues were the most common focus of articles (61%), and one‐third of all articles were research reports.
INTIMATE JUSTICE: CONFRONTING ISSUES OF ACCOUNTABILITY, RESPECT, AND FREEDOM IN TREATMENT FOR ABUSE AND VIOLENCE
Authors: Jory Brian , Anderson Debra , Greer Cassandra
Published: June 2007

Intimate justice theory is a set of nine interrelated concepts that describe the ethical dimensions of equality, fairness, and care in ongoing partnerships. Understanding ethical dimensions involves examining internalized beliefs and behavior in terms of their motivation and impact on the partner, particularly as they empower, disempower, or abuse power. The concepts of intimate justice theory are applied to confront disempowerment and abuses of power, to challenge internalized beliefs about how one should treat one's partner, to explore how internalized beliefs were developed through experiences in the family of origin, and to develop an awareness of the linkages between intimate partner abuse and social injustice. This article demonstrates how therapists can utilize three of the concepts‐accountability, respect, and freedom‐to structure the opening phase of treatment for abuse and violence. The primary focus of the opening phase is on establishing accountability for change in the abusive man and protecting the safety of the injured partner. This involves challenging the abuser's sense of entitlement and working to rethink what respect is and restoring freedom to his partner. The discussion incorporates the findings of an exploratory, qualitative study that investigated the experiences of 30 abusive men and their partners who were clients in a university‐based counseling clinic. The article elaborates six interventions that can be utilized in clinical settings to structure treatment with abusive men.
THE PARENTAL ALLIANCE FOLLOWING DIVORCE: AN OVERVIEW
Authors: Whiteside Mary F.
Published: June 2007

The empirical literature on the postdivorce parental alliance was reviewed with a focus on implications for clinical interventions by family therapists. Variables of cooperation and conflict between parents, individual parenting style, and personal adjustment were significantly interrelated and a range of co‐parenting behaviors related to these variables was documented. A typology of divorcing families can be useful in predicting risks for child difficulties and in developing appropriate parenting plans. Clinical interventions need to be tailored to the unique characteristics and resources of a given family and can speak to multiple points of the family system.
I, THOU, AND WE: A DIALOGICAL APPROACH TO COUPLES THERAPY
Authors: Fishbane Mona DeKoven
Published: June 2007

This paper examines the relational view of the person in Martin Buber's philosophy of dialogue. Shifts toward the relational are considered in the context of human development, gender studies, psychotherapy, and family therapy. A dialogical cpproach to couples therapy is presented, in which partners are encouraged to move toward a more collaborative, empathic relationship–a relationship of “I and Thou.”
DIRECT SUPERVISION: ADDING COMPUTER‐ASSISTED FEEDBACK AND DATA CAPTURE TO LIVE SUPERVISION
Authors: Smith Russell C. , Mead D. Eugene , Kinsella Judith A.
Published: June 2007

This is a critical review of live supervision with emphasis on technical innovations such as earphones or bug‐in‐the‐ear, Teleprompters, and computers. A computer‐assisted approach is described that overcomes many criticisms of live supervision. Direct supervision uses a computer monitor to unobtrusively provide information to the therapist about the supervisor's perceptions of the clients' and therapist's behavior, the expected therapeutic behaviors, and the therapist's “on target” behavior. Direct supervision has the advantage over other forms of supervision by providing an immediate, continuous, and permanent record for postsession supervision and for research into the supervisor‐therapist‐client process. The paper provides several suggestions for research.
PARTICIPATORY EVALUATION RESEARCH: AN INTRODUCTION FOR FAMILY THERAPISTS
Authors: Piercy Fred P. , Thomas Volker
Published: June 2007

Participatory evaluation research empowers the consumers of services to become leaders in evaluation and change. Participatory research methods have been used widely in developing countries and are consistent with family therapy's recent emphasis on non‐hierarchical, empowering, collaborative therapies. In this paper, the authors present several examples of participatory evaluation methods and discuss their applicability to the work of family therapists.
MUSLIM FAMILIES AND FAMILY THERAPY
Authors: Daneshpour Manijeh
Published: June 2007

Muslim immigrant families living in the United States may well come to be attentiaon of mental health professionals. This article examines the applicability of the Anglo‐American models of family therapy to Muslim immigrant families. The most significant difference in value systems between the Muslim and Anglo‐American cultures is Muslim families' preference for greater connectedness, a less flexible and more hierarchial family structure, and an implicit communication style.

Systemic thinking, which deals with the pattern of relationships, is valid for all families regardless of cultural difference. However, the preferred directions of change for Muslim families need to be integrated into the assessment and goals for family therapy.
INTIMATE JUSTICE II: FOSTERING MUTUALITY, RECIPROCITY, AND ACCOMMODATION IN THERAPY FOR PSYCHOLOGICAL ABUSE
Authors: Jory Brian , Anderson Debra
Published: June 2007

This article presents part of the findings of a study of psychological abuse and physical violence in couples who voluntarily entered therapy. The study found that most of the men exhibited patterns of deception, devaluation, and dictatorial attitudes with their women partners and that these patterns were a considerable barrier to mutuality, reciprocity, and accommodation in the partnership. The researchers developed four interventions to challenge the men to change these patterns: true intentions, no free rides, the perception paradox, and the infallibility fallacy. The study was based on intimate justice theory, a developing clinical approach the therapy based on ethical theory.