bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Children, digital screens and family: parental mediation practices and gender
Authors: Duek Carolina , Moguillansky Marina
Published: June 2020

The objective of this article is to explore the gendered characteristics of digital parenting
and parental mediation through a qualitative study developed with families and children in Argentina.
Diverse typologies have recently been elaborated to better understand parental mediation
of digital screens. Quantitative studies have correlated different styles of parental mediation
with sociodemographic variables and have also assessed their effectiveness in preventing several
online risks. In this paper we use qualitative data from a research developed using the technique
of technobiographies to construct an in-depth approach to children’s practices and representations
with multiple voices involved (parents, teachers, school authorities). As we show, different
types of parental mediation are associated to mothers or fathers, following more broader gender
ideologies and stereotypes. With insights from different families, we built research questions that
state that there is a gendered division of digital parenting.
A domesticação de ecrãs na infância: usos e mediação parental em meios citadino e rural
Authors: Cruz Carla , Franco Catarina , Anunciação Fábio , Cunha Maria João
Published: June 2020

Este estudo procura caracterizar a utilização dos ecrãs no espaço doméstico em função

dos contextos citadino e rural das crianças até aos cinco anos e conhecer como a família intervém

na sua introdução e utilização. Para o efeito foram realizados quatro grupos de foco com

crianças de quatro e cinco anos residentes na cidade de Lisboa e em Vila Pouca de Aguiar, no

distrito de Vila Real e oito entrevistas semiestruturadas com pais e mães de ambos os contextos,

chegando a várias conclusões: 1) as crianças do contexto rural são mais utilizadoras dos ecrãs

em casa que as crianças da cidade; 2) os pais/mães de ambos os contextos são os responsáveis

pelo acesso dos filhos aos ecrãs, sobretudo smartphones e tablets; 3) a principal explicação é

a preocupação dos pais/mães com a exclusão social das crianças caso não os utilizem; 4) os progenitores/as do meio urbano denotam uma maior perceção dos riscos associados à exposição

dos filhos aos dispositivos tecnológicos.
Особенности коры выветривания кимберлитов северо-востока Анголы
Authors: Зинчук Николай Николаевич , Cтегницкий Юрий Богданович
Published: June 2020

Bведение: Приведены результаты комплексного изучения геологического строения и вещественного состава коры выветривания кимберлитов северо-востока Анголы. Важной задачей прикладного характера является оценка степени обогащения коры выветривания глубинными минералами для вопросов прогнозирования и поисков новых месторождений алмазов как коренного, так и рассыпного типов. Методика: В качестве эталонного объекта выбрана кимберлитовая трубка Катока, характеризующаяся не только незначительным эрозионным срезом и сохранением кратерной постройки, а и широким петрографическим спектром пород и их интенсивным постмагматическим и гипергенным изменением. Для изучения геологического строения и вещественного состава кор выветривания слабо эродированных кимберлитовых трубок Анголы была собрана коллекция штуфных образцов и протолочных проб из верхних горизонтов трубки Катока и ряда других тел этого поля, а также вмещающих кимберлиты пород. Результаты и обсуждение: В кимберлитовой трубке Катока выделяется два генетических типа пород: собственно кимберлиты с их производными и комплекс вулканогенно-осадочных образований, заполняющих верхние части кратера диатремы. В целом, профиль коры выветривания разделён на две части: нижнюю и верхнюю. Нижняя часть (зона дезинтеграции) представлена слабо изменёнными автолитовыми кимберлитовыми брекчиями, трещиноватыми и частично обохрёнными. Верхняя, наиболее гипергенно изменённая зона, в свою очередь, разделена на карбонатную и бескарбонатную. Заключение: Отмечено два процесса изменения кимберлитовых пород региона. Первый – поэтапное превращение оливина в высокотемпературный, затем и низкотемпературный серпентин. Второй –деградация серпентина с одновременным возникновением серии разбухающих минералов, начиная с сапонита через ряд промежуточно метастабильных смешанослойных образований, из которых впервые идентифицированная упорядоченная разновидность лизардит-сапонита является относительно наиболее устойчивой по сравнению с другими упорядоченными смешанослойными фазами триоктаэдрического типа, что подчёркивает специфические условия формирования коры выветривания кимберлитов африканского региона.
Система экологического менеджмента состояния неоген-четвертичноговерхнедевонского водоносных комплексов территории Липецкой области и
Authors: Косинова Ирина Ивановна , Ляпин Роман Андреевич
Published: June 2020

Введение: Загрязнение подземных вод нитрат-ионами является одной из ведущих проблем на территориях городских агломераций. На территории Липецкой области расположено большое количество промышленных и сельскохозяйственных предприятий, которые обслуживают не только данную область, то и близлежащие регионы. Целью данной работы является построение системы экологического менеджмента состояния подземных вод Липецкой области, подверженных нитратному загрязнению. Методика: Липецкая область располагается на стыке Среднерусской возвышенности и Окско-Донской низменности. По условиям залегания эксплуатационные водоносные комплексы Липецкой области подразделяются на порово-пластовые неоген-четвертичного водоносного комплекса и трещинно-карстовые верхнедевонского водоносного комплекса. В процессе выполнения работы было проведено эколого-гидрогеохимическое районирование территории Липецкой области по уровню экологического благополучия, основанное на степени загрязнения подземных вод неоген-четвертичного и верхнедевонского водоносных комплексов Липецкой области нитратами, с выделением трех категорий участков, отличающихся допустимым, умеренно-опасным и опасным уровнем экологического неблагополучия. На основе данного районирование была построена система экологического менеджмента нитратного загрязнения подземных вод Липецкой области с финансовым обеспечением природоохранных. В основе данной работы лежит информация по кадастру скважин подземных вод Липецкой области за 2017 г. Результаты и обсуждение: Для водоносных комплексов содержание нитратов выше предельно допустимых значений составляет от 45 мг/дм 3 до 135 мг/дм 3. Можно утверждать, что оба комплекса загрязнены в равной степени, вследствие отсутствия регионального водоупора и бурного развития техногенной деятельности вблизи крупных городских поселений. Итоговая сумма природоохранных мероприятий составила около 7 миллиардов 600 миллионов рублей, 5.5 миллиардов из которых планируется выделить из федерального бюджета Липецкой, а также 2.1 миллиарда рублей потратятся за счет средств коммерческих организаций, являющимися источниками загрязнения нитратами. Заключение: По истечению десятилетнего периода выполнения программы системы экологического менеджмента необходимо оценить процесс модернизации оборудования на предприятиях и изменения количественного состава нитратов в подземных водах. В случае отсутствия положительной тенденции в сторону уменьшения концентрации нитратов в подземных водах эксплуатационных водоносных комплексов пересмотреть систему экологического менеджмента.
Литологическая школа Воронежского госуниверситета
Authors: Иванов Дмитрий Андреевич
Published: June 2020

В статье говорится о становлении литологической школы ученых в рамках геологического факультета Воронежского госуниверситета. Перечислены профессора, стоящие у истоков основания геологического факультета ВГУ и литологического направления исследований. Прослежено формирование во времени различных направлений литологических исследований докембрия и фанерозоя как по индивидуальным научным школам, так и по направлениям, связанным с различными видами минерального сырья. Приведены данные о докторах и кандидатах наук литологической школы ВГУ. Показан результат практической работы ученых-литологов ВГУ на примере работ по составлению комплектов государственных геологических карт масштаба 1:200 000.
A Corpus-based Study of Shields in Conversations of Chinese EFL Learners
Authors: Liu Hongying
Published: June 2020

As an important part of the fuzzy language, hedges have become a common linguistic phenomenon and frequently applied in daily spoken language. In this study, the authors investigated the shields-using frequency of Chinese EFL learners from the Multi-modal Spoken English Corpus of Chinese Learners-Science & Engineering Majors (MSECCL-SEM). In this study, the classification of Prince et al. (1982) will be adopted. Six shields that are frequently used in spoken English have been searched, namely, “I think”, “in my opinion”, “maybe”, “according to”, “as we (all) know”, “it is said that”. Data are analyzed by the application of Wordsmith 6.0 and SPSS 25.0. Through this study, we attempt to explore the characteristics of shields in spoken English of EFL learners, especially the differences in terms of gender, various language proficiency and two different kinds of shields. Through this research, the authors hope to guide second language teaching and learning by finding out the use of shields in EFL students' daily spoken language and analyzing its potential causes.
Improving EFL Learners’ Vocabulary Learning Through Short Story Oriented Strategy (SSOS)
Authors: Arjmandi Masoumeh , Aladini Farzaneh
Published: June 2020

Vocabulary is the main building block of language learning which acts as the kernel for all language skills. The present study attempts to investigate the effect of applying SSOS on Iranian upper-intermediate EFL learners’ vocabulary learning. Lack of English vocabulary knowledge of Iranian learners as EFL learners encounters them with a lot of English using difficulties which influence their language abilities (reading, writing, listening and speaking). To this end, based on convenience non-random sampling selection, 40 upper-intermediate female learners were selected via Quick Placement Test. The participants were assigned to experimental (n = 20) and control (n = 20) groups. A vocabulary test as a pretest and a posttest were administered to all participants. The data were analyzed through descriptive and inferential statistics using SPSS software. The result of findings indicated that it is helpful to utilize SSOS as a tool to enhance not only learners’ conceptual and comprehensible processes in order to discover, guess and grasp the meaning of vocabulary but also to store and internalize them in their minds more successfully.
OBSERVING NORMS AND ANOMY AMONG THE YOUTH: A CASE OF MADAGASCAR
Authors: Ramananarivo Iavo
Published: June 2020

This paper systematically addresses different concepts of anomy and norms among young men from selected groups in society. Government authorities in Madagascar who are responsible for public education are concerned about the social changes we are experiencing collectively. They have a more elaborate and better vision to guide young people in a professional and social world. In this perspective, they recognize that globalization, for example, is gradually creating a new phenomenon, in this case: technology. Many people believe that citizenship education enables adolescents to cope with these changes, since from this perspective, the child from birth is seen as part of a community, to whom he or she will eventually contribute.  Citizenship is a mechanism that consolidates and convinces the future citizen of the importance of his social and political involvement and the valorization of his identity roots.
Çocuklarda Obezite, Obezite İlişkili Hipertansiyon Ve Risk Faktörleri
Authors: EKİCİ Salim , DİNÇER Serpil
Published: June 2020

Çocukluk çağı obezitesi dünya çapında en önemli halk sağlığı sorunlarından biridir. Hem gelişmiş hem de gelişmekte olan ülkelerde aşırı kilo ve obezite prevalansı artmaktadır. Bu artmış prevalans, obezite ile ilişkili komorbid hastalıklarda artışa neden olmuştur. Bu hastalıklardan bir tanesi de obezite ilişkili hipertansiyondur. Burada, çocuklarda obezite ve hipertansiyon genel tanım ve ölçüm yöntemlerinden, sıklığından ve nedenlerinden bahsedilecek, aralarındaki ilişki gözden geçirilecek ve obezite ilişkili hipertansiyon mekanizmalarına değinilecektir.
Çemberin Çapı ile Çevresi Arasındaki İlişkinin Oluşturulması Amacıyla Tasarlanan Çevre Dostu Ulaşım Aracı Etkinliğine Yönelik Matematik Öğretmenlerinin Değerlendirmeleri
Authors: ÖZALTUN ÇELİK Aytuğ , BUKOVA GUZEL Esra
Published: June 2020

Çalışmanın amacı matematik öğretmenlerinin çemberin çapı ile çevresi arasındaki ilişkiyi oluşturmak için tasarlanan gerçek yaşam bağlamlı etkinliğe yönelik değerlendirmelerini incelemektir. Durum çalışması desenine dayalı yürütülen çalışmanın katılımcıları 24 ortaokul matematik öğretmenidir. Çalışmanın verileri matematiksel modelleme ve öğretime entegrasyonu konulu bir çalıştay kapsamında toplanmıştır. Öğretmenler kendilerine sunulan etkinlik üzerinde gruplar halinde çalışmışlar ve ardından bireysel olarak etkinliğe yönelik değerlendirme formunu tamamlamışlardır. Elde edilen veriler içerik analizi ile analiz edilmiş ve değerlendirme soruları doğrultusunda kategoriler oluşturulmuştur. Öğretmenlerin etkinliği öğrencilerden ve öğrencilerin anlamalarından bağımsız olarak kavram ve öğretmen odaklı değerlendirdikleri sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Bu doğrultuda öğretmenlerin öğretim perspektiflerinin güçlendirilerek matematiği öğrencilerin zihinsel süreçleriyle ilişkili bir şekilde ele aldıkları öğretim süreçleri tasarlayabilmelerine yönelik desteklenmeleri önerilmektedir.
ANÁLISE DO PERFIL CLÍNICO DE PACIENTES COM HANSENÍASE RECIDIVANTE DO MUNICÍPIO DE SOBRAL
Authors: Alves Trajano Lorena , Freire de Melo Miguel Marcelo , Siqueira Ferreira José Francisco Igor
Published: June 2020

A hanseníase é uma doença de forte impacto na saúde pública brasileira, tanto pela dificuldade no diagnóstico, por parte dos profissionais de saúde, como pela possibilidade de recidiva anos após a apresentação inicial da doença. Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar o perfil epidemiológico e clínico dos pacientes com casos de hanseníase no município de Sobral-CE, entre o período de 2012 a 2018, com análise especial para os casos de recidiva da doença. Os dados foram obtidos por meio do banco de dados do Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação (SINAN) do município. Foram evidenciados 42 casos de hanseníase recidivante no período estudado, sendo mais da metade destes ocorridos em pessoas com faixa etária entre 41 e 70 anos de idade. Houve maior predominância de reincidência em pessoas do sexo feminino, da raça parda e com menor nível de escolaridade. A grande parte das recidivas foram classificadas como multibacilar e as formas clínicas predominantes foram dimorfa e virchowiana. Conclui-se que o perfil epidemiológico foi composto, em sua maioria, por pacientes de faixa etária mais avançada, raça parda e com baixa escolaridade. O perfil clínico predominante de doentes na recidiva foi com a forma multibacilar. Tais dados foram congruentes com os obtidos na literatura. Além disso, existe uma importante parcela de dados que não foi notificada corretamente no SINAN, dificultando a confiabilidade das informações.
OSTEODISTROFIA HEREDITÁRIA DE ALBRIGHT: UM RELATO DE CASO
Authors: Carvalho Bruna Batista de Mesquita de , Nascimento Isadora Benevides da Silva Gondim , Cunha Cláudia Barros Gonçalves , Morais Julya De Assis Sousa , Carvalho Leonardo Meira de
Published: June 2020

O pseudohipoparatireoidismo ocorre devido a uma resistência periférica à ação do paratormônio, cursando com hipocalcemia. Quase todos os casos são do tipo IA, correspondente a Síndrome de Osteodistrofia Hereditária de Albright. O presente estudo tem como objetivo relatar o caso de um paciente de 31 anos que apresentava calcificações nos rins, sistema nervoso central e articulações, além de dosagem baixa do paratormônio, compatível com a Síndrome supracitada. Trata-se de um estudo retrospectivo, observacional e descritivo com abordagem quantitativa, de um paciente portador de Osteodistrofia Hereditária de Albright. Os dados relativos ao quadro clínico, exames laboratoriais e de imagem, conduta terapêutica, diagnóstico e prognóstico foram obtidos através da consulta e avaliação dos exames do paciente no Centro de Saúde Nova Esperança I, em Bayeux-PB. O caso relatado traz à luz o diagnóstico de uma entidade clínica endocrinológica que tem sua descoberta marcada por manifestações neurológicas e evidencia a importância da sua detecção precoce e abordagem terapêutica adequada, para obtenção de resultados satisfatórios e duradouros no que diz respeito ao controle das crises convulsivas e melhora da qualidade de vida.
Patterns of Mental Health Hotline Calls during and before Pandemic
Authors: Gerasimova A.A.
Published: June 2020

The article compares calls to a mental health hotline from March 1 to April 17, 2020, with the same period in 2019. Calls related to stress, anxiety, suicide, and abuse are considered. In 2020, compared with the same period in 2019, the following dynamics are noted: the number of calls concerning anxious conditions increased 2.5 times; calls about suicidal acts appeared, the number of calls about self-harming behavior increased 2.5 times; the number of complaints on the topics of domestic, physical and sexual abuse increased almost 1.5 times. It is assumed that the results can be extrapolated and thus they reflect the current psychological difficulties of people as a whole.
Igor A. Isaev’s Metaphysics of Power and Law. On Scholar’s Anniversary
Authors: Chupova M. D. , Filippova T. P. , Rumyantseva V. G.
Published: June 2020

The paper deals with the events devoted to the anniversary of an outstanding Russian historian of law, Prof. Igor A. Isayev. On June 11, 2020, our colleague, prominent historian of law, Doctor of Legal Sciences, Professor, Honoured Worker of Science of the Russian Federation Igor A. Isaev turns 75 years old. In addition, for 30 years Prof. Isayev has been the Head of the Department of History of the State and Law, first, at All- Russian Law Correspondence Institute that was later renamed into Kutafin Moscow State Academy of Law (MSAL) and, later, Kutafin Moscow State Law University (MSAL). Since the late 1980s, our University has taken a leading place in the field of legal education, which became possible due to its scholarly potential: the involvement of the most gifted and professional scholars, professors and educators who create and maintain an academic tradition, introduce innovations. Igor A. Isayev has become one of the leaders of the team that has achieved this success and earned credibility in the legal world is. The paper presents his views. In particular, the paper highlights that in his research Igor A. Isaev addresses the fields of history of the State and law, legal ideology, legal culture and legal symbolism, history of political and legal doctrines, and the philosophy of law. Igor Isaev’s life history represents the way of a real scholar, the milestones of his life are represented by written works, numerous pupils and the life of the faculty of the Department of History of the State and Law, the formation of which is impossible without creating an atmosphere of academic freedom, professional solidarity and mutual support.
Evaluation of the Governmental Agency Effectiveness in the Russian Federation
Authors: Lubennikova S. A.
Published: June 2020

The article is devoted to topical issues of determining the effectiveness of the work of governmental agencies in the Russian Federation. The relevance of the study’s subject matter is determined by the lack of comprehensive examination of the subject matter from the perspective of methodology and practice. Public authorities’ activities in the Russian Federation are changing acquiring new qualities. Thus, clear and uniform criteria for their assessment are necessary. Evaluation criteria should be closer to social indicators and should meet the demands of society. The author analyzes the normative-legal regulation of this issue. to this end, the paper provides examination of the Decrees of the President of the Russian Federation that have been issued since 2007 to establishing indicators for assessing the effectiveness of the activities of the executive authorities of the Russian Federation. It is possible to observe a constant change in the methodological approach to the number, formulation and content of the criteria for assessing the effectiveness of the executive authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation. Between 2007 and 2012, the evaluation criteria were based on public control over the public services effectiveness exercised by citizens. Currently, the approach has changed — public control has been removed from the system under consideration and is now governed by a separate regulatory act. For the first time, to recognize executive authorities’ activities as effective the determination of the level of evaluation criteria to be met by executive authorities is used.The normative regulation of the evaluation of the effectiveness of the executive power at the federal level is also investigated. At the national level there is no any regulatory framework for assessing the activities of federal executive authorities of the Russian Federation. The author draws conclusions about the lack of a uniform approach to the evaluation of governmental authorities’ activities at both federal and regional levels. The conclusions can be used in law-making activities of state bodies.
Legal Issues of the Structure and Activities of International Energy Associations in the Modern World
Authors: Gulasaryan A. S.
Published: June 2020

The world energy industry today faces new challenges. They include regulating energy markets, protecting the environment and sustainable development. An appropriate response to these challenges could be to employ the potential of multilateral interaction within the framework of international energy associations with a view to establishing effective mechanisms for the provision of international energy security. The importance of an intra-organizational (institutional) mechanism is due to the fact that it ensures the cooperation of States within the framework of international energy associations. Accumulated during more than half a century of the existence of international energy associations, the normative framework requires processing, scientific systematization, as well as theoretical generalizations and proposals of obvious practical importance. This paper, for the first time in the Russian science of international law, makes a comprehensive scientific and legal analysis of issues of membership, institutional structure, working order and interrelations among different bodies, personnel formation, privileges and immunities of international energy associations. The scientific and legal analysis is aimed at exploring the constituent acts, headquarters agreements, agreements on privileges and immunities of international organizations, international treaties, as well as modern doctrine of international law.The conclusions and proposals made in the paper can be used by States to improve the institutional (intraorganizational) mechanism of effective international energy associations, as well as for planning new associations. They can also be used by the Russian Federation in developing strategies to interact with such associations. The paper uses general and private scientific methods of research: formal-legal, historical-legal, system analysis, comparative-legal approaches.
Critical Concepts of the State and their Significance for Russian Jurisprudence: Introduction to the Problem
Authors: Nazmutdinov B. V.
Published: June 2020

The state is for the most part a key political concept in the minds of lawyers. It is often "devoid" of history: they use the same term to name ancient and modern political associations (Polis, Republic, Empire, national state), without noticing the fundamental difference between them. The paper emphasizes the difference between "universalist" and "critical" approaches to the state. The former seeks to see the birth of the state in the second Millennium BC, trying to link the emergence of law with the emergence of the state. The latter emphasizes the historical contextuality of the emergence of the state — a unique social institution that appeared in Europe during the early Modern period. The state is a modern (modern) social construct, and its reality is determined not only by the presence of a certain idea in the minds of people, but also by stable, typified social practices. In the modern world, law is mediated by the state, and in many cases, it is monopolized by it. In this perspective, the history of the state is often inseparable from the history of law, and the theory of law from the theory of the state. The author of the paper adheres to the second approach and agrees that law is a phenomenon whose existence has not been determined by the state for a long time.The author presumes that for many reasons, the state continues to be a priori political category in the minds of lawyers who observe daily manifestations of power mechanisms. To denounce this "naturalness" of the state, critical approaches to the concept and origin of the state are necessary. The paper presents various critical concepts of the state: from radical political evolutionism to critical conceptual history.
Zastosowanie narzędzi GIS do określenia lokalnej specyfiki procesu rozwoju obszarów wiejskich. Studium aktywności społeczności lokalnych w programie odnowy wsi w województwie wielkopolskim
Authors: Wolski Oskar
Published: June 2020

Rozwój obszarów wiejskich na poziomie lokalnym jest zagadnieniem niezwykle złożonym, co dotyczy zarówno uczestniczących w tym procesie aktorów, jak i praktyk przez nich podejmowanych. Współcześnie istotną rolę w tym procesie przypisuje się społeczności wiejskiej, a jej aktywność w działaniach na rzecz rozwoju uważana jest za kluczową. Podczas gdy w programowaniu rozwoju obszarów wiejskich centrum zainteresowania to obszar wiejski, koncepcje tego rozwoju wskazują na specyficzność tego procesu już na poziomie wsi. Daje to przyczynek do zastanowienia się, czy interpretacja określonych praktyk rozwoju obszarów wiejskich rzeczywiście może się różnić w zależności od przyjętej jednostki przestrzennej analizy. Empiryczna weryfikacja tej tezy na przykładzie aktywności społeczności lokalnych w programie odnowy wsi w województwie wielkopolskim była głównym celem pracy. Zastosowano w niej analizę hot spot, która opiera się na metodach statystyki przestrzennej. Dyskusja wykorzystania narzędzi GIS, pozwalających na przeprowadzenie tej analizy, w badaniach nad rozwojem obszarów wiejskich była drugim celem pracy. Trzecim zaś była kontrybucja do stanu wiedzy na temat rozwoju obszarów wiejskich realizowanego poza polityką Unii Europejskiej. Najważniejszym wnioskiem z przeprowadzonych badań jest to, że społeczności najbardziej aktywne tworzą skupiska, które stanowią specyficzną formę sieci powiązań, a ich istnienie jest niezależne od przebiegu granic administracyjnych obszarów wiejskich. Na aktywność tę decydujący wpływ mają jednocześnie efekt sąsiedztwa i bliskość poznawcza. Ponadto zidentyfikowano trudności w zastosowaniu wspomnianych narzędzi – problem kwantyfikacji zjawisk społecznych oraz dobór parametrów samej analizy statystyczno-przestrzennej.
Influence of grazing technologies on the indices of chestnut soils in Western Kazakhstan
Authors: Nasiyev Beybit , Bekkaliyev Askhat , Manolov Ivan , Shibaikin Vladimir
Published: June 2020

Degradation of pastures caused by anthropogenic and climatic factors leads to desertification, loss of soil fertility, reduces productivity of the pasture grass and it is a prerequisite for socio-economic problems. Pastures of Western Kazakhstan cover more than 70% of the lands under economic use and are the main fodder source for the farm animals. In the late years, degradation of pastures in Western Kazakhstan takes place due to intensive animal grazing. The aim of research is to study the impact of technology for grazing the farm animals on the pastures soil cover to prevent the processes of degradation and desertification, as well as the rational use of pasture ecosystems. Through these studies, experimental data were obtained on the current state of the pastures soil cover in Western Kazakhstan with different types of chestnut soils depending on the grazing technology. An excess intensive grazing of the farm animals has negative influence on physical and chemical factors of the chestnut soil types.
Physiological responses of cowpea genotypes cultivated in rainfed on different phenological stages
Authors: Da Costa Rafael Santiago , Souza Silva Johny De , De Freitas Fonteles Ana Kariny , Firmino da Silva Ana Kelly , Mesquita Rosilene Oliveira
Published: June 2020

Cowpea is one of the most consumed annual legumes in the world, but, despite its economic importance, the crop has low productivity in the Northeast of Brazil, being related to the genotypes used, climatic factors, and soil quality. In this context, this study aimed to evaluate the physiological parameters of nine genotypes in different phenological stages, cultivated under rainfed conditions. The experiment was carried out in the area of cowpea multiplication, belonging to the Federal University of Ceará (UFC), using a completely randomized design in a 9x2 factorial scheme, referring to nine genotypes and two stages of development (vegetative and reproductive) with ten repetitions, totaling 90 experimental plots. The evaluation of gas exchange (photosynthesis, stomatal conductance, transpiration, Ci/Ca ratio, and water use efficiency) were performed in the vegetative and reproductive phases (30 and 60 days after sowing), using the infrared gas analyzer (IRGA). It was verified that the variables of photosynthesis, stomatal conductance, and transpiration presented higher values in the vegetative stage concerning the reproductive stage, standing out of genotypes CE693, CE701, and CE735. For variables, Ci/Ca ratio, and water use efficiency, the genotypes with the lowest mean values were CE390 and CE570. The genotypes CE693, CE701, and CE735, presented better stability in the physiological parameters in the two phenological stages, and this may favor the production of cowpea.
Precauciones en la atención neonatal en la sala de partos ante una madre sospechosa o positiva para COVID-19
Authors: Durán Colosio Paulina , Rodríguez Weber Miguel Ángel
Published: June 2020

El virus SARS-COV 2 ha llevado a una pandemia de rápida transmisión, con alta tasa de mortalidad. Debido al amplio espectro de manifestaciones clínicas y la posibilidad de diseminación a través de pacientes asintomáticos existe un subregistro de casos confirmados. Aún faltan estudios para confirmar si existe transmisión vertical; sin embargo, el recién nacido podría infectarse a través de la placenta, del contacto directo con la madre o durante su estancia intrahospitalaria, por eso deben tomarse medidasde protección durante la atención materna, perinatal y neonatal.
Va‘d-Vaîd Konusunda Mâtürîdî’nin Mu‘tezile’ye Yönelttiği Eleştiriler
Authors: ALTINDAS Mücteba
Published: June 2020

İtikadî mezhepler arasında tartışılan va‘d-vaîd konusu temelde büyük günah problemiyle ilgili önemli bir konudur. Büyük günah sorunu çerçevesinde iman-amel ilişkisi bağlamında ele alınan bu önemli konu, ortaya çıkan fırkaların iman tanımlarına bağlı olarak şekillenmiştir. Va‘d ve vaîd ayetleri, kapsamı açısından ele alınarak umum veya husus ifade edip etmediği, ilâhî va‘d ve vaîdin değişip değişmeyeceği gibi soruların cevapları aranmıştır. Başlangıçta Mürcie ile Mu‘tezile arasında meydana gelen tartışmalar daha sonraki süreçte Mâtürîdîler’le Mu‘tezile kelâmcıları arasında önemli tartışma konularından birisi olmuştur. İmam Mâtürîdî, konu hakkında Hâricîler ve Mu‘tezile’ye ortak eleştiriler getirmekle birlikte daha ziyade Mu‘tezilî düşünceyi eleştirmektedir. Mu‘tezile, bu ilkeyi ilâhî adaletin bir gereği olarak mü’minleri ödüllendirip isyankârları cezalandırmanın Allah’a vacip olduğu düşüncesi üzerinden ele almaktadır. Onlara göre tövbe edilmeyen büyük günah ebedî olarak cehennemde kalmayı gerektirdiği için o kişiye şefaat edilmesi de mümkün değildir. Ancak Mâtürîdî, sürekli bir tasdik hali olan imanın ebedî cezaya engel olduğunu vurgulayarak adalet noktasında böyle bir iddianın geçerli olmayacağını savunmaktadır. Bu makalede Mâtürîdî’nin eleştirileri, konuyla doğrudan ilişkili olan ilâhî adalet,  büyük günah ve şefaat açısından ele alınmıştır.
Kur’an’dan Özgürlüğe, Hiçlikten Medeniyete
Authors: BARIŞ Mustafa
Published: June 2020

İlahi bir kitap olan Kur’an-ı Kerim Müslümanlar için bilginin kaynağı olması ve Allah hakkında “konuşabilmenin” çerçevesini çizmesi hem de ahlakî olanın tespitine olanak sağlaması açısından otoritesi tartışılmaz bir kaynaktır. Kur’an otoritesini hem Allah’tan hem de metin içi tutarlılıktan almaktadır. Makalede başta tevhit olmak üzere, özgürlük, yaratılış, akıl, hikmet, cehd, emanet gibi değerlerin sırf aklî-felsefî gerekçelendirilmesi üzerinde duruldu. Aynı zamanda başlı başına büyük önem taşıyan bu kavramların Kelamullah’taki kuramsal içkinliğiyle ve Rasulullah’ın örnekliğiyle dış dünyada etkinliğinin görülür olması irdelendi. Dünyada kesin bir determinizm/cebir, ahlaki nihilizm ve Yaratıcı ile beraber başka ve ‘ezel’e kadar dayandırılan materyalistik görüşler insanlar için seçme ve özelde din seçme özgürlüğünü askıya alan bir dünya görüşü ortaya çıkardığının altı çizildi. Mu’tezilîlerin bu konuda haklı olarak savunduğu gibi, bir vakıaya değer biçilebilmesi için en temel şart onun özgürlük ortamında gerçekleşmesidir. Makale, sırf aklî olarak ve Kelam disiplini içindeki akılcılıkla da ulaşılabilecek bazı değerlerin varlığına dikkat çekerek Kelam Özgürlük Teorisi adını verdiğimiz kurama ulaşmanın yolunu belirginleştiriyor. En sonunda, zorlama ve ayrımcılık olmaksızın, çok kültürlü bir dünyanın hepimiz için bir yuva olabileceğinin yolunu aydınlatıyor. Çoğulcu, özgürlükçü eğitim süreçleri başta olmak üzere, samimî niyetle gayesine ulaşması beklenen eylemler ve eylemlerin olası sonuçlarını gözeten aklîlik ‘tek değerli dünya’ ve nihilizme olanak bırakmamaktadır. Dinî, aklî ve ahlakî değerlerini yitiren toplumlar için Kur’an’ın kaos uyarısı belirgindir.
Kelâm ve Tasavvuf Açısından Kadere İman-Tevekkül İlişkisi
Authors: ÜNVERDİ Mustafa
Published: June 2020

Bu makalenin amacı kadere iman ve tevekkül ilişkisini kelâm ve tasavvuf disiplinleri açısından incelemektir. Tevekkül İslâm ahlâkında imanın olumlu özelliklerinden birisi olarak kabul edilir. İnsanın her şeye gücünün yetmediği gerçeğinden hareketle, insanın işinde bir başkasına dayanma ve güvenme ihtiyacı vardır. Dini açıdan bu varlık Tanrı’dır. Özellikle tasavvuf ilminde insan-Tanrı ilişkisi açısından tevekkül, kullukta önemli bir göstergedir. Bununla birlikte kavramın içeriği kelâmda kader inancıyla yakın ilişkilidir. Kadere iman ile kişinin sorumluluklarını taşıması ve üzerine düşeni yapması arasında ince bir çizgi vardır. Tasavvufî tevekkül anlayışında kulluğun zirve hâli olarak nitelenen iradeyi terk, teslimiyet ve tevekkül hâli, kelâmda her şeyin ilâhî kaderle olduğu inancıyla birleştiğinde, olumlu bir ahlâki tutum olan tevekkül, bir anda problemli bir olguya dönüşebilmektedir. Son iki asır İslâm toplumlarının geri kalmışlığında söz konusu problemin etkisi yadsınamaz. Ancak gerek tasavvuf gerekse Sünni kelâm literatüründe gelenekselleşmiş kadere imanın sağlıklı yorumu, insana ve topluma cesaret ve direnç veren bir tevekküle neden olabileceği de düşünülmelidir. Bu çalışmada kelâm ilminde irade, kudret, kazâ-kader inancı bakımından tevekkül kavramı ele alınmış ve kadere imanla tevekkülün olumlu ilişkisi sorgulanmıştır.
Mâtürîdiyye Geleneğinde Seneviyye/Düalizm Eleştirisi ve İslâm Kaynaklarında Düalizm İnancı
Authors: SATILMIŞ Ali
Published: June 2020

Bu çalışma ana hatlarıyla İslâm kaynaklarında seneviyye/düalizm inancını ve Mâtürîdiyye geleneğinin bu inanç gruplarını eleştirisini konu edinmektedir. Çalışmada öncelikle kelâm ve dinler tarihi eserlerinden hareketle Seneviyye inancının fırkaları ile birlikte genel bir tasviri yapılmıştır. Daha sonra Mâtürîdiyye ekolünün erken, orta ve geç dönemlerinden seçilen belli başlı teliflerin Seneviyye’ye dair tasvirlerinin zaman içerisinde nasıl dönüşüme uğradığı çalışma boyunca tahlil edilmiştir. Seçilen teliflerden Ebû Mansûr el-Mâtürîdî’nin (öl. 333/944) Kitâbü’t-Tevhîd’i ve Ebû Şekûr es-Sâlimî’nin (öl. 460/1068) Temhîd’i mütekaddimîn dönemi teliflerinin örnekleri olarak ele alınmıştır. Müteahhirîn döneminin başlangıcı olarak kabul edilebilecek 6/12. yüzyılda telif edilen Ebû-l’Muîn en-Nesefî’nin (öl. 508/1115) Tebsıratü’l-Edille’si ve Ebû’s-Senâ’ el-Lâmişî’nin (öl. 522/1127?) et-Temhîd li Kavâidi’t-Tevhîd’i bu ekolün orta dönem teliflerinden kabul edilerek incelenmiştir. Ayrıca dönemin etkili isimlerinden olması hasebiyle Nûreddin es-Sâbûnî’nin (öl. 580/1184) el-Kifâye’si de dâhil edilmiştir. Geç dönemden ise Şemseddin es-Semerkandî’nin es-Sahâifü’l-İlâhiyye’si örnek alınmıştır. Bunların yanı sıra Yeni İlm-i Kelâm döneminden incelenen belli eserlerdeki Seneviyye’ye dair bilgilere kısaca değinilmiştir. Mezkûr teliflerin tamamı taranarak Seneviyye yahut Seneviyye’nin fırkalarından birinin zikredildiği bölüm öncelikle genel olarak tasvir edilmiş, ardından Seneviyye’ye dair verilen bilgiler mukayeseli olarak incelenmiş ve varsa Seneviyye’ye yönelik eleştirilerin mahiyeti tahlil edilmeye çalışılmıştır. Sonuç bölümü ve kısa bir değerlendirme ile çalışma hitama erdirilmiştir.
Modulating Effect of Vitamin D on iNOS, PCNA and a-SMA Expression Against Diclofenac Sodium Induced Gastric Injury in Rats
Authors: Youssef Sahar
Published: June 2020

BACKGROUND: Diclofenac sodium is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory prescription, widely used in the management of many inflammatory diseases but the side effects limiting its clinical use. The present work was carried out to detect the ameliorative effect of vitamin D against diclofenac sodium induced gastric injury in adult male albino rats.METHODS: Forty adult male Wistar albino rats were classified into four groups: G-I received no treatment (control group), G-II orally received 500 IU/kg of vitamin D daily, G-III intraperitoneally received 3 mg/kg of diclofenac sodium daily, and G-IV received both 500 IU/kg of vitamin D and 3 mg/kg of diclofenac sodium daily for 14 days. Specimens from rats' stomach were processed for light microscopy. Immunohistochemical examination was carried out to detect inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), and alpha smooth muscle actin (α-SMA). The morphometric results were analyzed statistically.RESULTS: Gastric sections of G-III displayed inflammatory cellular infiltrations and dilated congested blood vessels. Some of the gastric gland cells showed cytoplasmic vacuolation, dilated gastric pits, and cystic dilatation. There was a significant increased Masson's trichrome stain and a significant decrease in PAS. The mean area percentage of iNOS and α-SMA expression showed a statistically significant increase. The PCNA positive cells were significantly decreased in the isthmus and neck region compared with the control. While in contrast, G-IV prevented the gastric injury by increasing PAS and PCNA but decreasing Masson's trichrome stain, iNOS and α-SMA expression.CONCLUSION: Vitamin D administration prevented the structural alterations of the gastric rat induced by diclofenac sodium.KEYWORDS: diclofenac sodium, α-SMA, iNOS, PCNA, vitamin D
La buena fe familiar como un nuevo argumento para sustentar la procedencia de una acción indemnizadora entre los miembros de la familia
Authors: Opazo González Mario Alejandro
Published: June 2020

El presente trabajo tiene por finalidad demostrar que la buena fe puede ser considerada no solo como principio del derecho civil patrimonial, sino que tam­bién como un principio del derecho de familia. Siendo así, la buena fe familiar per­mitiría determinar que los miembros de una familia tienen el deber de comportarse leal y correctamente en el cumplimiento de los deberes y obligaciones que tienen entre sí, de manera que un comportamiento desleal e incorrecto será constitutivo de mala fe, lo cual permitiría fundamentar una acción de indemnización por incumpli­miento de los deberes familiares.
Vinculación entre el deber precontractual de transparencia y el control de las cláusulas no negociadas individualmente
Authors: Hernández Paulsen Gabriel , Campos Micin Sebastián
Published: June 2020

El presente artículo analiza la vinculación entre el deber precontractual de transparencia y el control de las cláusulas no negociadas individualmente. Primero, se examina respecto del control de incorporación, que evalúa, sobre todo, si las cláusulas son cognoscibles y comprensibles. Luego, en relación con el control de abusividad, que, en este caso, operaría respecto de las cláusulas económicas del contrato. Ense­guida, respecto del control de previsibilidad, que puede derivar en la ineficacia de las cláusulas sorprendentes. Finalmente, se proponen bases para la aplicación del deber de transparencia en vinculación con los señalados controles en el derecho chileno.
Cuanto más simple, mejor: análisis de las prácticas sobre la constitución y las formas de administración de las sociedades por acciones en Chile
Authors: Caballero Germain Guillermo , Pardow Diego
Published: June 2020

Este trabajo analiza las prácticas de constitución y administración en so­ciedades por acciones en Chile. Los datos sugieren que una sociedad por acciones promedio tiene pocas modificaciones al régimen legal dispositivo, destacando el reemplazo del directorio por una administración convencional y la eliminación del juez como mecanismo para designar un árbitro. Resulta llamativo el que ciertas in­novaciones (acciones preferentes o dividendos especiales) reciban poca aplicación práctica. Desde el análisis económico del derecho, ambas circunstancias son con­sistentes con una búsqueda de reglas sencillas. Con todo, una marcada preferencia hacia la administración convencional plantea problemas dogmáticos sobre la aplica­ción supletoria de las reglas sobre sociedades anónimas.
El concepto de ‘valor’ en Estados Unidos y en Colombia: análisis comparado de su contenido
Authors: Molano Camacho Daniel
Published: June 2020

El presente artículo busca analizar el concepto de ‘valor’ desde una perspec­tiva de derecho comparado. Con dicho objetivo, el análisis propone una evaluación de la regulación estadounidense sobre el concepto de ‘valor’, así como un estudio de la misma idea en el derecho colombiano, todo con miras a analizar los posibles aprendizajes que, desde la experiencia extranjera pueden hacerse en la regulación colombiana en esta materia.
Violencias contra la mujer e intrafamiliar y responsabilidad civil por daño intrafamiliar en Colombia: a propósito de la sentencia SU-080 de 2020
Authors: Rueda Natalia
Published: June 2020

La Corte Constitucional colombiana reconoció abiertamente la posibilidad de que dentro de un proceso de familia donde se ventilen cuestiones de violencia de género se indemnice a la víctima, de manera que se garantice el derecho fundamen­tal de la mujer de vivir libre de violencia y a ser reparada de manera integral. Esta histórica sentencia posibilita una mayor protección de las víctimas; sin embargo, presenta puntos críticos respecto de la protección de otros miembros de la familia posibles víctimas de maltrato o violencia intrafamiliar. Este comentario presenta di­chos puntos y señala las posibilidades existentes en el derecho civil, para lograr la indemnización de los daños intrafamiliares.
Przyczyny zróżnicowania ruchu turystycznego w polskich parkach narodowych
Authors: Miazek Piotr
Published: June 2020

Parki narodowe są jednymi z najczęściej odwiedzanych przez turystów miejsc w Polsce. Na ich obszarach koncentruje się blisko 30% krajowego ruchu turystycznego. Corocznie przybywają tam miliony turystów, a ich liczba stale rośnie. Jednakże frekwencja w poszczególnych parkach narodowych jest mocno zróżnicowana. Jedne parki są odwiedzane przez miliony osób, inne zaś – zaledwie przez kilkanaście tysięcy turystów. Artykuł stanowi próbę wskazania głównych przyczyn zróżnicowania liczby tu­rystów odwiedzających parki narodowe. Analizując poszczególne cechy ruchu turystycznego w konkretnych parkach narodowych, szczególnie w tych, w przypadku których różnice są najbardziej widoczne, autor starał się zidentyfikować czynniki wpływające na taki stan rzeczy.
An Analysis of the „European City of Sports” Project and its Impact on the Development of Tourist Activity: The Example of Selected Slovakian Cities
Authors: Matušíková Daniela , Švedová Milena , Dzurov Vargová Tünde , Żegleń Patrycja
Published: June 2020

The paper presents the issue of sports activity development in the context of the European City of Sports project in selected Slovakian cities: Košice, Banská Bystrica and Nitra. It is an analytical overview aiming at the development of these cities for tourism through the organisation of international sporting events. Using several methods, especially comparison, the authors analyse certain activities and other sports-related issues. The events and activities not only contributed to the development of sport but also supported tourism in the region. A review of the literature on the subject demonstrates the importance and basic assumptions of the European City of Sports as a popular project. The comparative analysis has enabled the authors to present its results in each of the three Slovakian cities.
ТЕПЛОФИЗИЧЕСКОЕ ОБОСНОВАНИЕ ПИРОЛИТИЧЕСКОЙ ПЕРЕРАБОТКИ ВОЗОБНОВЛЯЕМОЙ БИОМАССЫ ЗА СЧЕТ ТЕПЛОТЫ РАЗЛОЖЕНИЯ
Authors: Астафьев Александр Владимирович , Табакаев Роман Борисович , Языков Николай Алексеевич , Заворин Александр Сергеевич
Published: June 2020

Актуальность исследования обусловлена необходимостью увеличения доли использования возобновляемых источников энергии в топливно-энергетическом балансе для снижения вредного воздействия на окружающую среду. Цель: оценка возможности пиролиза древесной биомассы и торфа за счет тепловыделения от разложения органической части сырья. Объекты: образцы торфа с двух месторождений Томской области, являющихся перспективными для разработки в энергетических целях, – Суховского и Аркадьевского, а также древесные отходы двух видов – щепа и опилки. Методы: физический эксперимент и дифференциально-термический анализ. Теплотехнические характеристики древесной биомассы определены с помощью методик ГОСТ Р 56881-2016, ГОСТ 33503-2015 и ГОСТ Р 55660-2013; теплотехнические характеристики торфа – с помощью ГОСТ 11306-2013, ГОСТ 11305-2013 и ГОСТ Р 55660-2013. Теплота сгорания сырья определена на бомбовом калориметре АБК-1 (РЭТ, Россия), элементный состав определен на анализаторе Vario Micro Cube (Elementar, Германия) с учетом содержания диоксида углерода карбонатов, устанавливаемого объёмным методом согласно ГОСТ 13455-91. Результаты. Установлены оптимальные параметры пиролитической переработки различных видов биомассы – температура пиролиза и влажность исходного сырья. Оптимальной температурой для пиролиза древесных отходов, доведенных до воздушно-сухого состояния, является 400 °C, при которой суммарный тепловой эффект максимален и составляет 36,3 кДж/кг для опилок и 78,8 кДж/кг для щепы, для суховского торфа при 500 °C суммарный тепловой эффект равен 149,7 кДж/кг. Максимальные значения влажности, обеспечивающие покрытие тепловых затрат за счет теплоты экзотермических реакций, при данных температурах пиролиза составили 10 % для древесных отходов и 14 % для суховского торфа. Величина суммарного теплового эффекта пиролиза аркадьевского торфа даже в сухом состоянии имеет отрицательное значение.