bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Introduction to Rectal Cancer and the Importance of Nerve Preservation
Authors:   Universidad De Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, México., Rodríguez Bryan Paul Bautista
Published: October 2023

Introduction: Rectal cancer is an increasingly common and worrying disease that affects the rectum, the terminal part of the large intestine. Early detection and treatment are crucial to improving patient outcomes. Methods: We conducted a narrative review of the scientific literature to examine nerve preservation in rectal cancer surgery. Previous studies were analyzed and relevant findings related to the preservation of autonomic and pelvic nerves, as well as the prevention of sphincter dysfunction, were identified. Results: Rectal surgeries may be associated with various complications, which can have a significant impact on patients' quality of life. The preservation of the autonomic and pelvic nerves plays a crucial role in reducing postoperative urinary and sexual dysfunction. Studies have shown that nerve-sparing surgical techniques improve functional outcomes and patient satisfaction. Discussion: Nerve preservation in rectal cancer surgery requires a meticulous surgical approach and a thorough understanding of the anatomical structures involved. By preserving nerve function, not only urinary and sexual function are improved, but also overall quality of life. In addition, nerve preservation plays a critical role in preventing sphincter dysfunction after pelvic exenteration surgery. Conclusions: The preservation of autonomic and pelvic nerves in rectal cancer surgery is essential to minimize complications and improve patients' quality of life. Proper patient selection and compliance with oncology criteria contribute to the preservation of sphincter function without compromising survival rates. Preoperative radiation therapy may also increase the likelihood of sphincter sparing in patients with rectal cancer
Analysis of Energy and Protein Intake with Nutritional Status of Chronic Kidney Failure Patients with Hemodialysis at Harapan and Doa Regional Hospital, Bengkulu City
Authors:   Bengkulu Ministry of Health Health Polytechnic, Anggini Retno , Suryani Desri ,   Bengkulu Ministry of Health Health Polytechnic, Natan Okdi ,   Bengkulu Ministry of Health Health Polytechnic
Published: October 2023

Background:Chronic kidney disease is a global public health priority that continues to grow and is associated with high morbidity rates and is the third fastest growing cause of death in the world and the fifth leading cause of death. Malnutrition often occurs in end-stage renal disease patients undergoing hemodialysis (HD). Malnutrition is caused by catabolic events during the hemodialysis process. Objective: The aim of the study was to analyze energy intake, protein and nutritional status of chronic kidney failure patients on hemodialysis at Harapan and Doa Regional Hospital, Bengkulu City. Materials/Methods: Explanatory research type, with a cross sectional approach. The study population was all chronic kidney failure sufferers who underwent hemodialysis at Harapan and Doa Hospital, Bengkulu City in June-July 2023. Data were collected by interviews and anthropometric measurements, 3x24 hour recall forms and SGA forms and from patient medical records. Data processing was carried out using univariate tests. Result:This study shows that 98% of respondents' energy intake before hemodialysis had insufficient energy intake (< 80%) and 2% had sufficient energy intake (80), protein intake before hemodialysis 92% protein intake is less (< 80%) during hemodialysis and after hemodialysis 85% with less protein intake (< 80%), nutritional status of chronic kidney failure patients with hemodialysis good nutritional status (SGA score A), namely (54%) lack of protein intake, poor/moderate nutritional status (SGA B score), namely (43%), poor nutritional status (SGA C score), namely (3%). Conclusion:The conclusion of this study is that energy intake, protein and nutritional status in chronic kidney failure patients on hemodialysis are still lacking. Therefore, increasing intake needs to be done by paying attention to the patient's nutritional status
Financial Technology Application Challenges: Victims of Online Loan Bondage (Peer-to-Peer Lending) Protection
Authors:   Indonesian Police Officer, Polda Metro Jaya, Jakarta, Supriyanto Supriyanto
Published: October 2023

Financial technology (fintech) has grown rapidly in Indonesia over the last two years. Unfortunately, this development is not being matched by increased knowledge among businesspeople and the general public about the hazards of criminal conduct. Because all human daily activities rely on internet technology, criminal acts utilising technology are critical to be aware of. In addition to providing benefits to society, the use of internet technology has the potential to be abused to commit crimes, both ordinary and specifically targeting information and communication technology infrastructure, with negative consequences that can cause the social order system to collapse, paralyse the country's economy, weaken the defence system, and be used as a terror tool. In reality, according to numerous sources, Indonesia ranks second in the world for internet technology crime attacks and is regarded as the country most vulnerable to information technology security breaches.
Karakteristik dan Deskripsi Burung (Aves: Passeriformes) di Jalur Pendakian Resort Rantau Malam, Taman Nasional Bukit Baka Bukit Raya
Authors: Syafiq Nabil , Riyandi Riyandi , Yanti Ari Hepi , Purwanto Sigit
Published: October 2023

Bukit Baka Bukit Raya National Park has an abundant variety of fauna, especially birds. Research on the types of birds, especially the Passeriformes order, has not yet been carried out in depth on the hiking trails of the Rantau Malam Resort. This study aims to determine the types of birds, especially the order Passeriformes on the Rantau Malam Resort Hiking Trail, Bukit Baka Bukit Raya National Park. The research was carried out July 15 – August 27, 2022 by used line transect and point count methods, within each point 15 minutes data sampled included chirping record, observed, and noted. The data obtained were identified from the species name, Indonesian name, family and number of individuals. The results obtained were 36 species from 19 families with a total of 320 individuals. The most obtained species of birds were Alcippe brunneicauda (80 individuals) and the fewest were Pellorneum malaccense, P. rostratum, Brachypodius atriceps, and Rhipidura sp., within one individual each species.
Educação ambiental e BNCC
Authors: Aparecida Silva de Aquino Bruna , Iared Valéria
Published: October 2023

A educação ambiental se consolida no currículo em 1998, com a aprovação dos Parâmetros Curriculares Nacionais, no entanto, em 2017 ocorre a homologação da Base Nacional Comum Curricular (BNCC), na qual a educação ambiental se restringe a uma nota de rodapé. O presente trabalho buscou analisar as produções de artigos científicos que tratem do tema da educação ambiental na BNCC. Para tanto, foram realizadas buscas em cinco periódicos nacionais de educação ambiental e em uma base de dados. Após leitura flutuante e análise de conteúdo dos artigos selecionados, emergiram cinco categorias: retrocesso em relação à elaboração da Base; silenciamento da educação ambiental no documento e nas políticas públicas; superficialidade e fragmentação da educação ambiental; formação de professores e a educação ambiental com uma visão exploratória. Os estudos publicados reforçam o desmonte de políticas socioambientais e abordam os desafios que a educação ambiental enfrenta após a publicação da BNCC.
Inserção de infraestruturas verdes em espaços urbano-periféricos
Authors: Stippe Schmitt João Pedro , Da Silva Celestino Reginato Vivian
Published: October 2023

O rápido e desigual crescimento das cidades no Brasil tem trazido desafios para a projeção, implantação e gestão de infraestruturas. Este trabalho busca analisar e trazer pontos de discussão para a exploração e inserção de métodos de infraestrutura verde no planejamento urbano-periférico. Esta pesquisa traz o exemplo da cidade de Freiburg, na Alemanha. Em suma, tem- se claro que o acesso a espaços verdes é cada vez mais reconhecido como um fator de justiça socioambiental. A inserção de infraestruturas verdes ajuda a mitigar os impactos negativos das atividades humanas, como a urbanização, enquanto reabilita danos e restaura funções e processos naturais. Está na hora de evitar o uso de tecnologia ultrapassada e geradora de problemas e impactos ambientais e dar um passo rumo à sustentabilidade.
Refugee's Effect on the Economy
Authors: Lee Caleb , Miron Jeffery
Published: October 2023

Every year, millions of people are displaced and forced to flee their country, creating a refugee crisis. The dilemma then becomes what to do with these people. While it would be humanitarian to accept them, governments must weigh many factors, such as the economy, human rights, and citizen well-being, when deciding their policy. This paper examines this issue of refugees through one of those factors: an economic lens. Refugee data was taken from three unique countries: The United States of America, Lebanon, and Germany. These countries were chosen because they are from different areas of the world and face different circumstances. Data was taken from periods when there was a refugee spike or a change in border policy. The refugee data from these periods was then compared to economic factors, such as G.D.P. and unemployment, to determine the effect of refugees on the host country’s economy.
OS BENEFÍCIOS DA ATIVIDADE FÍSICA ASSOCIADA À SUPLEMENTAÇÃO NUTRICIONAL PARA OS PORTADORES DE FIBROMIALGIA
Authors: Gomes de Carvalho Clecilene
Published: October 2023

A fibromialgia tem por característica a dor musculoesquelética difusa e crônica. Além da dor estão acompanhados da sensação de fadiga, problemas relacionados ao sono, também está associada à depressão (49% a 89% casos). Trata-se de uma síndrome reumática idiopática e não tem cura. O tratamento consiste em farmacológico e o não farmacológico, como o exercício físico e a suplementação nutricional. É uma doença debilitante e por isso o objetivo deste trabalho de revisão é pesquisar sobre a fibromialgia e buscar qual a melhor atividade física, bem como compreender sobre o papel da suplementação nutricional e como ambos podem amenizar os sintomas nestes pacientes. Este estudo se justifica devido à má qualidade de vida que a doença causa, pois interfere no sono, causa rigidez corporal e até desordens psíquicas, é considerado um problema de saúde pública.
Postpartum Depression Among Malaysian Mothers During the COVID-19 Pandemic and Its Relationship With Breastfeeding Practices and Perceived Social Support
Authors: Thiagarajah Kokila , Subramaniam Suganya Bala , Michelle Yeen Tan Ng
Published: October 2023

Introduction: Breastfeeding practice aids babies in acquiring nutrients they need but it could be impeded when women are struggling from postpartum depression (PPD). The prevalence of PPD varied across countries and certain sociodemographic traits along with breastfeeding practices have influenced PPD rates differently. The aim of this research was to study the prevalence of PPD among Malaysian mothers during the COVID-19 pandemic and to study the overall relationship between breastfeeding ractice
with PPD and perceived social support. Methods: Through an online questionnaire, 109 mothers have participated, and the collected data were analysed based on the sociodemographic information, Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) and Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS). Results: The prevalence of PPD was 48.6%. Sociodemographic characteristics like working status, ethnicity, living region and household income had no association with PPD. No statistically significant
differences in working status with PPD and perceived social support levels respectively, although the occurrence of PPD was higher among working-class mothers. A significant negative correlation was found between PPD level with perceived social support (P=0.040, rs=-0.197) and paid maternity leave (P=0.015, rs=-0.333). Perceived social support was positively correlated with education level (P=0.044, rs=0.194) and paid maternity leave (P=0.023, rs=0.218). Conclusion: The social support and paid maternity leave may reduce the PPD, yet further studies involving a larger and more diverse subjects may warrant a more conclusive finding.
Illness Perception and Self-management of Elderly With Hypertention
Authors: Ari Setyarini Elizabeth , Monica Agnes , Sinaga Friska , Widiantoro FX , Listianingsih Lidwina Triastuti , Cecilia Cindiana
Published: October 2023

Introduction: One of the degenerative diseases that affects the elderly is hypertension, which can impact social interactions, quality of life, and mental health. The perceptions of hypertensive patients who are still diverse are closely related to the way they deal with the disease. The purpose of this study is to identify correlation between illness perception and self-management of elderly with hypertension. Methods: Quantitative method with cross sectional design was approached in this study. 125 participants were involved by using purposive sampling technique. The Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire (Brief IPQ) and Hypertension Self-Management Behavior Questionnaire (HSMBQ) were used to measure illness perception and self-management. The correlation of two variables was analyzed by using Pearson Product Moment. Results: The results showed that the average score of illness perception in the elderly with hypertension was 50.34 (range 0-80) and self-management was 71.18 (range 0-100). Illness perception significantly positively correlated with hypertension self-management of elderly with hypertension (p value < 0.000, r = 0.590), which it means higher the illness perception, it will improve the self-management. Conclusion: This result could be used as data to provide sources of information to the elderly with hypertension to further improve the perception of the disease in relation to daily self-management so that the elderly remain productive.
Schwann Cells Reprogram Into Repair Phenotype Instead of Dedifferentiating to Immature Phenotype in in Vitro Culture
Authors: Abd Razak Nurul Husna , Idris Jalilah , Hassan Nur Hidayah , Zaini Fazlin , Muhamad Noorzaid , Daud Muhammad Fauzi
Published: October 2023

Introduction: In vitro cultured Schwann cell has been suggested to adopt a phenotype of undifferentiated immature Schwann cells found in vivo during development. However, recent studies indicate that Schwann cells undergo cellular reprogramming into the phenotype of repair Schwann cells instead of reverting to an immature phenotype after peripheral nerve injury. The study hypothesized that in in vitro culture, Schwann cells assume the repair phenotype instead of de-differentiating to immature Schwann cells, similar to in vivo nerve injury response. Therefore, this study aimed to characterize the phenotype of cultured Schwann cells by examining the expression of classic Schwann markers and transcription factors c-Jun and Krox-20. Methods: Schwann cells, isolated from Wistar rat sciatic nerve, were grown in a standard Schwann cell growth medium for seven days. Then, cultured Schwann cells were analyzed using immunofluorescence analysis for classic Schwann cell markers (neurotrophin receptor p75 (p75NTR) and myelin basic protein (MBP)) and the expression profile of transcription factor c-Jun and Krox-20. Results: Immunofluorescence analysis revealed that cultured Schwann cells expressed a significantly high level of repair phenotype biomarkers (p75NTR and c-Jun) compared to the level of myelinating phenotype biomarkers (MBP and Krox-20). Conclusion: Schwann cells reprogram into repair Schwann cells instead of de-differentiating to immature Schwann cells in vitro.
Emotional and Behavioral Response and Coping Strategies of Nursing Students During Covid-19 Epidemic: A Longitudinal Study
Authors: Sinaga Friska , Budi Arianto Albertus , FX Widiantoro , Florentina Dian Maharina , Listianingsih Lidwina Triastuti , Indriarini Maria Yunita , Tong Woei Yenn
Published: October 2023

Introduction: Little is known about changes in levels of psychological and behavior impact and coping strategies during the COVID-19 pandemic among nursing students. This study investigated nursing students’ emotional and behavioral responses and coping strategies against COVID-19. Methods: A university online survey was used to collect demographic information, a history of contact with people who had the COVID-19 for 14 days, emotional and behavioural response scales, and to modify the Brief COPE to assess coping strategies. One-way ANOVAs were used to compare the mean emotional and behavioral responses and coping strategy scores. Results: A total of 396 valid and complete questionnaires were retrieved, with a response rate of 96.59%. The mean ages ranged from 19 to 45 years old (M = 24.14, SD ± 3.68), and the majority were female (n = 245, 61.9%). Nursing students have lower scores of problem-focused copings (M = 1.42, SD ± 0.30), emotional-focused coping (M = 2.00, SD ± 0.26), but higher scores of avoidant coping (M = 2.92, SD ± 0.51). The anxiety and fear were significantly different in relation to age, smoking, and drinking warm water habits, and there was no family history of chronic illness. Problem-focused coping proved to be the influencing factor (R2 = 0.381) for students’ anxiety (β = 0.045, p = 0.004), fear (β = 0.309, p = 0.000), and anger (β =- 0.273, p = 0.000). Conclusion: These results could serve as evidence that hospitals or nursing homes could provide psychological support to students by providing timely psychological assistance, training in coping strategies, and taking a variety of interventions to create an optimistic environment and guarantee personal safety for students.
Production of Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) by Probiotic Bacteria Bacillus tequilensis for Potentially Used as Drug Carrier
Authors: Jamaludin Nur Afrina , Mohd Fuzi Siti Fatimah Zaharah , Mohd Ghazali Mohd Ifwat , Juki Mohd Irwan , Abdulaziz Al-Shalif Abdullah Faisal , Othman Norzila
Published: October 2023

Introduction: Polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) is a biopolymer that can be produced by microorganisms from numerous low-cost carbon sources, making it an environmentally friendly material. This study was designed to utilize different food waste (household food waste, spent oils and spent coffee grounds) as nutrient source for the cultivation of microbes to produce polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA). Methods: The bacterial strain Bacillus tequilensis was grown in 250 mL Erlenmeyer flask each containing 50 mL of mineral salt medium, 25 ml of nutrient broth inoculum and 20 g/L of household food waste, spent ground coffee and spent oils, respectively. The initial pH of the media was 7.0 and the cultured bacteria was incubated at 30 °C, 180 rpm for 72 h as a batch culture. The sample was then extracted and weight, and further analyzed using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). Results: B. tequilensis yielded PHA of 7 % to 8 % (g PHA/g dry cell weight) on average using medium containing household food waste, spent ground coffee and spent oils. FTIR analysis showed the peaks range between 1750-1730 cm-1 which belong to PHA functional groups such as C=O. HPLC chromatogram revealed that the retention time obtained from digested PHA was approximately 4.5 min which was similar
to the standard of PHA. Conclusion: This enables the utilization of low-cost waste by probiotic B. tequilensis as a carbon source for the sustainable production of biodegradable PHA for a wide range of applications in medicine.
Effect of Nitrogen-doped − Palm Oil Mill Effluent Sludge-biochar as Peroxydisulfate Activator on the Removal of Methylene Blue Dye as an Environmental-friendly Approach
Authors: Sallehuddin Aida Humaira , Karim Sabrina , Ahmad Mohamad Ali , Tong Woei Yenn , Mohd Nazri Noor Aina
Published: October 2023

Introduction: Water pollution caused by dyes is a major problem as it is a toxic chemical that can cause chronic diseases when exposed to humans and aquatic habitats. Sulfate-based advanced oxidation process based on peroxydisulfate (PDS) has received a lot of attention recently for achieving color degradation in wastewater. Transition metal-based homogeneous/heterogeneous catalysts have shown to be a good
alternative for the activation of persulfate. Nonetheless, this leads to significant secondary contamination due to metal leaching. Alternatively, nitrogen-doped biochar is a promising non-metal persulfate activator due to its lower cost and more environmentally friendly. Methods: Biochar from Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME) sludge doped with nitrogen source of urea, ammonium chloride, and melamine was synthesized at a 700°C pyrolysis process and used to activate PDS. The nitrogen content of synthesized POME biochar was altered to ratios of 25:75, 50:50, and 75:25 respectively. Batch degradation experiments were then conducted to determine the feasibility of catalytic removal of methylene blue (MB) dye. Results: Based on experimental results, urea-doped biochar showed a greater MB removal compared to ammonium chloride and melamine-doped biochar. Besides that, higher nitrogen-to-biochar ratio increases the MB degradation significantly. A similar trend was demonstrated when a higher urea-doped biochar dosage was utilized. By
utilizing 5.0 g of urea-doped biochar, a 100 ± 0.7% degradation of MB was achieved. Conclusion: This research provides an effective method to produce carbon-based catalysts from sludge recovery for activation of PDS, also enhancing the catalytic performance of biochar on MB dye removal by N-doping.
Structural Relationship of Psychiatric Disorders, Quality of Life, Coping Styles and Their Associated Factors Among Brain Pathology Patients and Hematological Cancer Patients
Authors: Das Priscilla , Naing Nyi Nyi , Arfah Nadiah Wan , Noorjan KON , Kueh Yee Cheng , Rasalingam Kantha
Published: October 2023

Introduction: The study aimed to examine the structural relationship of major depressive disorder (MDD), anxiety disorder, various mental diseases, quality of life, coping methods, and other variables in patient with brain pathology and hematological cancer patients. Methods: A total of (n=215) samples were included in the structural equation modeling (SEM) analyses. The analyses were done with brain pathology patients (110) and haematological cancer patients (105). Results: In the current study, the multivariate normality kurtosis was 9.112 with c.r = 3.950 obtained in this SEM model. In the SEM model, the global health status towards MDD can explain about 30% of the variance. The global health status score was found to have a significant positive association with self-distraction coping styles, gender, and emotional functioning. Gender has a
significant positive association with global health status, indicating that male patients have improved overall health. In terms of severity of MDD the positive correlation was found with panic disorder life time. Emotional functioning, self distraction and global health status were shown to have a significant and inverse relationship with the severity of MDD (p<0.05). Conclusion: The severity of MDD was found to have a strong and detrimental association with cancer types indicating the brain pathology patients tends to have more severity of depression compared to haematological cancer patients.
Development of Photosensitive Hydrogel-based 3-dimensional Bioprinting Using Locally Extracted Pectin From Durian Rind Waste and Cellulose for Pharmaceutical Application
Authors: Mohd Kamal Nor Sorfia Alisha , Mohd Fuzi Siti Fatimah Zaharah , Mohd Ghazali Mohd Ifwat , Daniel Joe Dailin
Published: October 2023

Introduction: Hydrogels have gained prominence in a variety of fourth industrial revolution applications, including three-dimensional (3D) printing. However, there are limitations to 3D manufacturing, such as deformities in the final product. This is a significant obstacle to adopting this technology in the pharmaceutical industry, as printed products may have insufficient mechanical properties and a high brittleness, making further processing of these dosage forms problematic. The objective of this study is to produce a new 3D bioink from a mixture of locally produced pectin-based material from durian rind waste and cellulose-based material (pectin/cellulose hydrogel)
and to partially characterize the bioink hydrogel. Methods: Four formulations of pectin/cellulose-based hydrogel (3:1, 3:2, 4:1, and 5:3 ratio of pectin/cellulose) from durian rind waste and carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) powder, as well as cross-linking agents, were developed and evaluated using a rheometer to evaluate viscoelastic
properties, FTIR Spectroscopy to identify compounds, and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) to evaluate thermal stability. Results: All bioink formulations exhibit outstanding shear-thinning behavior suitable for 3D printing. The viscosity of edible ink increases as the pectin/cellulose concentration increases. The formulation of 3:1 pectin/cellulose has greater heat resistance than others (highest thermal stability with 21.69% of residual
weight) and the lowest percentage of weight loss (76.18%). Conclusion: The study of a pectin/cellulose hydrogel mixture provides an attractive outcome for the creation of bioink due to the effective synthesis of 3D printing shapes that are both smooth and uniform.
Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices Regarding Stroke in Multicultural Communities: Should the Indonesian Government Reconsider Stroke Awareness Campaigns?
Authors: Ambarika Rahmania , Saifulaman Mohammad , Umar Nur Syazana , Adiutama Novian Mahayu , Ana Anggraini Novita
Published: October 2023

Introduction: A stroke awareness campaign is crucial for primary stroke prevention. Therefore, it is important to evaluate people’s knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding stroke awareness to assess the effectiveness of the campaign that has been carried out so far. This study aims to identify people’s knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding stroke and analyze the influence of demographic factors on their knowledge, attitudes, and practices. Methods: This cross-sectional study involving 512 randomly selected adults was conducted in the east and west of Java Island Indonesia in June – August 2022. A questionnaire containing 31 items of knowledge, ten items of attitudes, and 10 items of practices was used as an instrument. Demographic data
obtained includes age, gender, place of residence, education, occupation, monthly income, and ethnicity. The collected data were analyzed using ANOVA. Results: Fifty-one percent of respondents had poor knowledge, 67% had poor attitudes, and 48% had poor practices regarding stroke awareness. However, gender and occupation do not affect their knowledge, attitudes, and practices, while education level affects knowledge and attitudes, place of residence only affects knowledge, age only affects attitudes, and ethnicity affects all knowledge, attitudes, and practices scores. Conclusion: Because ethnicity is the only factor that can affect all domains (knowledge, attitudes, and practices), the Indonesian government must immediately review the
stroke awareness campaign strategy using an ethnic/cultural approach. Given that Indonesia has one of the world’s highest levels of cultural diversity, it is expected to be right on target.
Exploring Perceived Workplace Psychosocial Factors and Its Relation on Mental Health Among Baristas
Authors: Zainal Abidin Nur Hani Najwa , Ramli Nur Fatin Nabila , Zainal Abidin Nur Zakirah , Ilias Kartini , Buhari Siti Sabariah , Amin Nur Azma
Published: October 2023

Introduction: Baristas highlighted unsustainable working conditions such as wage cuts, excessive work demands, insufficient employee benefits, and lengthy workdays in the food and beverage industry. This overwhelming situation was found to have adversely affected the workers’ mental health. Objective: This research investigated mental health status and its relation to perceived workplace psychosocial factors among baristas. Methods: This cross-sectional study employed 398 baristas (response rate: 64.82.%) working in the Greater Klang Valley using the Malay version of the self-administered survey. The Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (M-DASS 21) was used to assess the participant’s mental health status while the Job Content Questionnaire (M-JCQ) evaluated the workplace psychosocial factors perceived by the participants. The
socio-demographic and occupational information of the participants were also documented. The data were managed using SPSS and analyzed for descriptive and inferential analyses. Results: The results reported 195 baristas (75.60%) encountered poor mental health with the most common symptoms reported for stress (66.70%), anxiety (65.10%) and depression (49.60%). Approximately, half of the baristas experienced high job demands, low job control, and poor job support. Significant associations were recognized between depression and poor psychosocial factors (high job demands and poor job support). Conclusion: The findings indicated high prevalence of poor mental health status among baristas. Significant associations were documented between depression and workplace perceived psychosocial domains of high job demands and poor job support. This preliminary study can be used as a reference for future research in ensuring the wellness of workers in the Food and Beverage industry.
Thirty-minute Ambulatory Blood Pressure and Blood Biochemistry Measurements in Adults With Hypertension Using Herbs: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Francis Natalia Shania , Lim Yang Mooi , Mat Sumaiyah , Teh Lai Kuan , Raphael Joe Joachimdass , Loganathan Annaletchumy
Published: October 2023

Introduction: Introduction: Globally, there is a growing interest of herbs usage among hypertensive patients. The aim of study was to investigate thirty-minute ambulatory blood pressure (ABP), blood biochemistry measurements and associated factors among hypertensive adults using herbs. Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed among hypertensive adults complementing herbs and attending primary care clinics in Kinta Valley, Perak. Data was collected using standard International Complementary and Alternative Medicine Questionnaire (I-CAMQ) and measurements of thirty-minute ABP and blood biochemistry were conducted using ambulatory blood pressure monitor and point of care units respectively. Results: A total of 86 hypertensive adults using 55 herb combinations were recruited. 80.3% commonly used traditional Chinese medicine, ulam and fenugreek for more than one year. The median age of the participants was 63. The participants complementing herbs had means’ for waist-hip ratio and BMI in the high (0.92 ± 0.07) and overweight (27.14 ± 5.63) range respectively. Mean ± SD reading of systolic blood pressure was 138 ± 14.27 mm/Hg and 81.4% had normal hemoglobin levels. The mean ± SD of total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein were normal; 166.81 ± 39.40 mg/dl and 85.15 ± 34.34 mg/dl with higher triglyceride readings 181.02 ± 61.24 mg/dl. SBP (>140 mm/Hg) and age range 61-70, waist/hip ratio (high risk for CVDs) among females and Malay ethnicity were associated with higher TC (p=0.003), HDL (p=0.006), LDL (p=0.001) and Chol/HDL (p=0.036). Conclusion: Complementing drugs with herbs associated with patients aged above 60, females and the Malay ethnicity. The patients’ attitude of complementing drugs with herbs showed no impact on the measured physiological and biochemical parameters. A randomized controlled trial with a fixed herb regime is warranted.
Inhibitory Effects of Pueraria mirifica Aqueous Extracts on 5α-reductase and Prostate Histomorphometry in Testosterone-induced Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia Sprague Dawley Rats
Authors: Masrudin Siti Saleha , Razwan Nur Izzah Athirah , Mat Taib Che Norma , Mohd Nor Nurul Huda , Mohd Asri Siti Fadziyah , Alias Zazali , Mohamad Jamaludin
Published: October 2023

Introduction: Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is the most prevalent prostatic disease in ageing men, characterised by an excessive proliferation of the prostatic epithelial and stromal cells. Despite the extensive choices of pharmaceutical therapies, the current treatments possess side effects, necessitating the search for new alternative options, including herbal substances such as Pueraria mirifica. This tuberous root of P. mirifica is a medicinal plant that contains numerous phytoestrogens, traditionally used for health
rejuvenation in aged men and women. This study was carried out to access the inhibitory effect of 5α-reductase of P. mirifica and its histoprotective effect in a rat model of testosterone-induced BPH. Methods: Adult Sprague Dawley (12 weeks) were subcutaneously injected with testosterone propionate (3 mg/kg) daily to induce BPH. Rats (n=6) in all groups (aqueous extract of P. mirifica (APM): 10, 100, and 1000 mg/kg, p.o.; finasteride: 2mg/kg, p.o., BPH model, and sham groups) were treated for 30 days. The determination of serum dihydrotestosterone (DHT) level, prostatic index and prostate structural changes were investigated. Results: APM and finasteride-treated groups showed significantly lesser prostatic weight and prostatic index, serum DHT levels compared to the model group (p<0.05). Furthermore, there was a significantly lower prostate score with improved prostate histomorphology, demonstrating fewer epithelial involutions of glandular tissues and improved stromal and epithelial cells. Conclusion: In conclusion, the aqueous extract of P. mirifica tuberous root mitigates the development of BPH and it can be inferred that aqueous extract of P. mirifica tuberous root may possess the active agents for anti-BPH treatment.
Identification of RNA-binding Proteins in Spinal Cord Injury: An In-silico Approach
Authors: Idris Jalilah , Pang Jyh Chyang , Wan Ahmad Kamil Wan Nur Ismah , Daud Muhammad Fauzi
Published: October 2023

Introduction: Gene expression is regulated by trans-acting factors such as microRNA, and RNA-binding proteins (RBPs). Dysregulation of RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) are found in neurological diseases. However, the role RBPs in spinal cord injury (SCI) have not been identified. The objective of this study was to identify RBPs by re-analyzing RNA-sequencing data from SCI mice model using the latest version of Tuxedo pipeline. Methods: Reads from transcriptomic sequence of acute, subacute, and control mice models, from the Sequence Read Archive (SRA) website, were uploaded to a scientific workflow system called usegalaxy.org. The reads were assessed for their quality using FastQC, before they were mapped to the mouse mm10 reference genome using HISAT2. The fragments were then aligned to full-length transcripts using Stringtie, followed by DESeq2 to find differentially expressed genes (false discovery rate of 0.05 and fold change of -1< x >1). Finally, to find functional annotations, the Protein Analysis through Evolutionary Relationship (PANTHER) and g:Profiler were used. Results: There were 24 RBP-coding genes identified in the acute injury, and 27 in the subacute injury. Four RBPs that were commonly expressed at high levels in both acute and subacute injury; Hnrnpm, Ptbp3, Rbfox3 and Znf385a. These proteins regulate alternative splicing, and RNA transport. Other RBP-coding genes with a role in inflammatory response and apoptosis were also discovered. Conclusion: Novel RBP-coding genes differentially expressed in SCI were discovered, suggesting their role in the pathophysiology of SCI. These findings contribute to a better understanding of the regulatory mechanisms employed by RBPs in SCI.
Differential Expression of Insulin Resistance Genes in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
Authors: Mansor Fazliana , Ahmad Zamri Liyana , Khan Hanifullah
Published: October 2023

Introduction: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common hormonal disorder worldwide among women of reproductive age. It is characterized by endocrine, reproductive, and metabolic abnormalities. Insulin resistance (IR) is one of its most important clinical features, which has been associated with metabolic disorders and increased risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D). This study aimed to explore the whole blood gene expression profiling related to IR in PCOS patients compared to controls. Methods: Blood RNA was extracted from 5 PCOS and 5 non-PCOS women with matched age and BMI. Homeostasis model assessment (HOMA-IR) was used to estimate the IR. The expression of IR genes was analyzed by Profiler PCR array. Results: Both groups have similar levels of HOMA-IR (p>0.05). However, differential expression levels were observed between them. Fourteen genes were upregulated and 26 genes were downregulated in
PCOS samples. Among the upregulated genes (>2 fold-change, p-value<0.05) are ADIPOQ, ADIPOR1, OLR, IGF-1, and APOE. Downregulated genes (>-2 fold-change, p-value<0.05) include HK-2, IRS1, and SERPINE1. These genes are involved in insulin and adipokines signaling, commonly dysregulated in T2D. They are also involved in innate immunity and inflammatory processes and are important for lipid and carbohydrate metabolism. Conclusion: Our finding suggests that despite both groups having no difference in IR level, there are differentially expressed genes involved in the IR pathway.
Sulfate-radicals Advanced Oxidation Processes by Biochar-based Catalysts and Applications in the Degradation of Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals in Wastewater: A Review
Authors: Sallehuddin Aida Humaira , Karim Sabrina
Published: October 2023

Increasing input of endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) has been increasing rapidly nowadays. Various wastewater treatment technologies have been studied to remove EDCs in water and wastewater. Due to its high oxidation potential and other benefits over other tertiary wastewater treatments, the establishment of advanced oxidation processes based on sulfate radicals (SR-AOP) has been of attention in recent years. There are numerous activation methods to produce sulfate radicals from peroxymonosulfate (PMS) and peroxydisulfate (PDS) such as ultrasound, transition metals, and the use of carbon catalysts. This review manuscript focuses to provide the latest overview of different methods of PDS and PMS activation and different utilization of this technology focusing on water and wastewater treatment. Besides that, this article also focused on the utilization of carbon-based catalysts as a substitute for metal catalysts as an activator in the SR-AOP process. This review also aims to discuss the perspectives for the biochar-based catalyst
application and expand their potential for removing organic pollutants.
Arginine-depleting Enzymes, A Potential Treatment Option for Tumors With Arginine Auxotrophy : A Review
Authors: Mohd Nor Hamin Nurhanis Syafiqah , Lee Kok Chang , Tan Wen Nee , Tong Woei Yenn , Leong Chean Ring
Published: October 2023

The World Health Organization reports that one of the top global causes of illness and mortality is cancer, with nearly 10 million deaths in 2020. Changes in cellular metabolism are common characteristics of a wide variety of malignancies. Enzymatic deficits cause many tumors to lose the ability to synthesize amino acids required for their growth, survival, or proliferation. Thus, some tumors depend on the extra-cellular supply of specific amino acids to meet their needs, allowing them to survive. Amino acid depletion as a targeted therapy takes advantage of these tumor traits by depleting certain amino acids in the body that is required for the tumor to survive. This review aims to discuss the potential and challenges of arginine-depleting enzymes as a means in treating arginine auxotrophic cancers. Previously, arginine deiminase (ADI) of bacterial origin has been studied for the in vivo arginine auxotrophic tumour therapy. However, it has been hampered by drawbacks, including immunogenicity and toxicity issues. Thus, human
arginase I (hARGI) has been considered a better candidate due to its low mmunogenicity and toxicity effects. However, hARGI’s application as an anti-cancer drug is hindered by its low activity towards arginine owing to its high Km values indicating the enzyme’s low substrate affinity. Thus, it is necessary to improve the enzyme catalytic capability and stability for more practical application in therapeutic cancer treatment. With the advancement of bioinformatics tools, more studies are anticipated to rationally engineer the enzyme for more practical clinical application in the treatment of arginine auxotrophic cancers.
Potential Medical Benefits of Cannabis sativa and Its Controversies
Authors: Sharol Hisam Arisya Hanim , Rasli Nurfarhana , Abdul Razak Nur Fatihah , Aidy Ajmer Ain Sofea Nabila , Daniel Joe Dailin , El Enshasy Hesham Ali , Tan Wen Nee , Tong Woei Yenn
Published: October 2023

There are over 40 countries that have legalised the use of Cannabis sativa for medical purposes. The objective of this review is to discuss the benefits of C. sativa usage for medical purposes and the conflicts that may arise from its usage. In terms of neurological disorders, medical C. sativa is effective in reducing the symptoms of neuropathic and peripheral pain, Tic disorder, Parkinson’s Disease, and Alzheimer’s Disease. Besides, C. sativa has been proven to reduce the symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder, insomnia, anxiety, and schizophrenia. With the legalization of C. sativa for medical purposes, there are conflicts that arise, including public attitudes and social acceptability. In conclusion, medical C. sativa showed significant medical benefits in managing neurological, mental, and other pain-related illnesses. However, C. sativa can also cause conflicts in the legalization process due to adverse effects shown to users after consuming it for a period of time.
Effectiveness of Collagen Extracted From the Skin of Nile Tilapia Fish (Oreochromis niloticus) to Accelerate Wound Healing in vivo: A Narrative Review
Authors: Dazrulhafizi Nurul Nur Fazzana , Ismail Elysha Nur , Ishak Reezal
Published: October 2023

Developing wound dressings with good properties to accelerate wound healing has always been challenging. Mammal collagen is well known as the desired choice among naturally produced dressings despite experiencing major drawbacks. Therefore, researchers have explored the by products of Oreochromis niloticus fish or red Nile tilapia, such as the scales and skin as alternative source of collagen. This narrative review analyzes the effectiveness of collagen extracted from Oreochromis niloticus skin and its beneficial properties to accelerate wound healing in vivo. Recent studies were compiled to provide a compact review on the effectiveness of the collagen in hastening wound healing process. Faster wound closure with upregulation of multiple growth factors, and high hydroxyproline content are some of the findings. The collagen extract could also promote the formation of epidermal layers, fibroblasts proliferation, and dermal reconstitution. Thus, Oreochromis niloticus skin collagen extract has the potential to be developed as an
effective wound dressing.
A Study on the Efficacy of Alcohol Based and Alcohol Free Hand Sanitizers Available in the Market Against Staphylococcus Aureus and Salmonella Typhimurium
Authors: Shahedan Puteri Nadia , Ismail Elysha Nur , Ishak Reezal
Published: October 2023

Hand sanitizers can be manufactured in the form of alcohol based hand sanitizer (ABHS) that contains alcohol, or alcohol free hand sanitizer (AFHS) containing benzalkonium chloride. This study determines the efficacy of ABHS and AFHS products against Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella Typhimurium. Agar well diffusion assay was performed against the bacterial colonies grown on Mueller Hinton agar in triplicates. Wells were made by punching holes onto the agar and filled with three different brands of hand sanitizers namely 70% ABHS, 95% ABHS, and AFHS. The diameters for zone of inhibition was measured after 24 hours incubation at 37 ℃. Only AFHS product inhibited the growth of S. aureus and S. Typhimurium, whereas 70% and 95% ABHS did not exhibit any zone of inhibition. Although AFHS was proven to be useful, this finding suggests that ABHS available in the market might not necessarily be effective against S. aureus and S. Typhimurium.
The Feasibility and Effectiveness of Telenutrition for Remote Dietary Consultation: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocol
Authors: Mohd Daud Nur Liyana Hasnaa , Mohamed Nor Noraishah , Jaafar Nurul Hazirah , Mohd Abu Bakar Wan Azdie , Mohd Shukri Nor Azwani
Published: October 2023

Aims and Design: Telenutrition offers a potentially useful health improvement approach by providing patients with remote online dietary counselling and disease management services. This review protocol will examine how feasible and effective providing online dietary consultation could be through telenutrition. Data Sources: Adhering to the PRISMA-P, articles from the Cochrane Library, PubMed, Google Scholar, EBSCo, and Scopus databases will be searched using PICOS (population, intervention, comparator, outcome, and study design). Review Methods: The inclusion criteria will be an RCT study design and intervention involving telehealth and telenutrition services, published in English between 1997 and 2022 and in full-text form. The overall risk of bias will be assessed using the Risk of Bias tool developed by the Cochrane Collaboration and the RevMan 5.0 computer program. The latter will be utilised to conduct a meta-analysis. The chosen studies’ heterogeneity will be assessed using a random-effects model and
the I2 statistic. Each intervention’s efficacy will be indicated through the statistical significance of the between-group difference (p-value <0.05). The quality of the methodology will be assessed by measuring the RCT design using the Jadad scale, while the evidence quality will be determined using the GRADE system. Results: This review protocol will summarise evidence regarding the feasibility and effectiveness of employing telenutrition for remote dietary consultation. Conference presentations and peer-reviewed journal publications will be how the findings are disseminated. Conclusion and impact: The findings may help to guide the effective implementation of remote dietary consultation services for patients. Trial Registration No: CRD42022340706
Management of Paediatric Migraine - A Brief Review
Authors: Dias Edwin , Bolar Roma
Published: October 2023

Purpose: Paediatric migraine is a common and debilitating neurological condition that affects a significant number of children worldwide. Episodes of moderate to severely severe headaches, frequently accompanied by nausea, photophobia, and phonophobia, are the most typical indications and symptoms. Effective management of Paediatric migraines requires a comprehensive approach that includes acute treatment of individual attacks, preventive strategies, and lifestyle modifications. Acute treatment options for paediatric migraines primarily involve the consumption of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) as initial medication treating episodes that are mild to severe. In cases of severe or refractory migraines, triptans may be considered. Preventive strategies occupy a crucial part in reducing the frequency and the degree of intensity of paediatric migraines. These strategies include the use of medications such as antiepileptic drugs, beta-blockers, and tricyclic antidepressants. Lifestyle modifications are integral to the management of Paediatric migraines. Identifying and avoiding triggers, maintaining regular sleep patterns, promoting a healthy diet, and managing stress are key elements in preventing migraine attacks.
Design/Methodology/Approach: All pertinent standard papers were briefly reviewed and relevant data was extracted.
Findings/Result: The management of paediatric migraines requires a multidimensional approach that encompasses acute treatment, preventive strategies, lifestyle modifications, and healthcare professional involvement. By implementing evidence-based practices tailored to each child, healthcare providers can significantly improve the quality of life for paediatric headache migraine sufferers and minimize the impact of this condition on their overall well-being.
Originality/Value: This review article focuses on a thorough summary of the existing research regarding the management of paediatric migraine
Paper Type: Review Article