bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Road adhesion coefficient estimation by multi-sensors with LM-MMSOFNN algorithm
Authors: Wang Guiyang , Li Shaohua , Feng Guizhen , Yang Zekun
Published: June 2023

Accurate and efficient road adhesion coefficient estimation is the premise for the proper functioning of vehicle active safety control system. With the increased application of distributed drive vehicles and on-board sensors, a multi-module self-organizing feedforward neural network (LM-MMSOFNN) based on improved Levenberg-Marquardt (LM) learning algorithm is proposed for online road adhesion coefficient estimation. In this method, the vehicle dynamics model and the Dugoff tire model were well established, and the input and output variables of the neural network model were obtained by Principal Component Analysis (PCA) method. To improve the estimation accuracy, Extended Kalman Filter (EKF) and Moving Average (MA) were used to denoise the measured signal. On this basis, a road adhesion coefficient estimation model based on multi-module self-organizing neural network was established. Both sides of road adhesion coefficients are calculated by multi-module self-organizing neural network simultaneously. Through the increase and decrease of self-organizing neurons and the improved LM learning algorithm, the computational complexity and system hardware storage are reduced, and the algorithm exhibits a good adaptability to different roads. Simulation and vehicle experiments show that the proposed method can fully extract multi-sensor information and adapt to the different road characteristics changes under driving condition. As compared with Kmeans method, it has higher estimation accuracy and stronger adaptability to varying speed.
A numerical approach to the modeling of Thompson and Troian slip on magnetized flow of Al2O3–PAO nanolubricant over an inclined rotating disk
Authors: Riaz Muhammad , Khan Nargis
Published: June 2023

In automotive fluids, hydraulic, gear, and bearing oils, as well as in applications operating in extremely high or cold temperatures, PAO is widely employed. In present work, we have made an attempt to develop a mathematical model to discuss the flow of magnetized [Formula: see text] nanolubricant over an inclined rotating disk in Darcy-Forchheimer porous medium with Thompson and Troian slip at the boundary. The effects of mixed convection, nonlinear heat radiation, viscous dissipation, Joule heating, and non-uniform heat source/sink are also included in the modeling. We have solved the proposed model numerically with the help of MATLAB built-in bvp-4c method after metamorphosing the PDEs to ODEs. The enhancing values of inertial parameter and velocity slip parameter decrease the tangential and radial velocities of the nanolubricant. The temperature of the nanolubricant [Formula: see text] enhance significantly by strengthening the magnetic field, whereas radial and tangential velocities get retarded. The non-uniform heat source/sink parameters play a vital role in controlling heat transmission phenomenon. The increasing values of Eckert number, radiation parameter, and non-uniform heat generation parameters tend to increase the value of Nusselt number. The value of Nusselt number drops with rising values of Biot number and non-uniform heat sink parameters.
Pain-related behavioral and electrophysiological actions of dynorphin A (1-17)
Authors: LaVigne Justin E , Adams Ian M , Montera Marena A , Westlund Karin N , Alles Sascha RA
Published: June 2023

Dynorphin A (1-17) (DynA17) has been identified as a key regulator of both sensory and affective dimensions of chronic pain. Following nerve injury, increases in DynA17 have been reported in the spinal and supraspinal areas involved in chronic pain. Blocking these increases provides therapeutic benefits in preclinical chronic pain models. Although heavily characterized at the behavioral level, how DynA17 mediates its effects at the cellular physiological level has not been investigated. In this report, we begin to decipher how DynA17 mediates its direct effects on mouse dorsal root ganglion (DRG) cells and how intrathecal administration modifies a key node in the pain axis, the periaqueductal gray These findings build on the plethora of literature defining DynA17 as a critical neuropeptide in the pathophysiology of chronic pain syndromes.
Swift attenuation of irrelevant features through feature consistency: Evidence from a capture-probe version of the contingent-capture protocol
Authors: Büsel Christian , Maria Seiz Charlotte , Hoffmann Alexandra , Sachse Pierre , Ansorge Ulrich
Published: June 2023

In the present two experiments, we explore the possibility of swift attenuation of capture by irrelevant features in the contingent-capture protocol. Some prior research suggests that feature attenuation might be most efficient for fixed, anticipated irrelevant features and that varying irrelevant features from trial to trial can undermine their successful attenuation. Here, we exploited this dependence of attenuation on feature certainty to test if attenuation contributed to contingent-capture effects in a capture-probe version of the contingent-capture protocol. In line with the swift attenuation of irrelevant features, salient but target-dissimilar singleton cues that were consistently coloured diminished recall of probes at their locations. This was in comparison to inconsistently coloured target-dissimilar singleton cues. Nonetheless, probe-recall was still better at target-dissimilar cue locations than at non-singleton locations in the cueing display, indicating attenuation of task-irrelevant features rather than their complete suppression.
Efficacy and safety of nab-paclitaxel or combined nab-paclitaxel and immune checkpoint inhibitors in relapsed small-cell lung cancer
Authors: Wan Rui , Guo Yanrong , Hao Xuezhi , Wang Zhijie , Duan Jianchun , Wang Jie
Published: June 2023

Background:

Most patients with small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) experience disease progression after first-line chemotherapy. Notably, nab-paclitaxel monotherapy has antitumor activity in relapsed SCLC.

Objective:

This study evaluated the efficacy and safety of combined of nab-paclitaxel and immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in relapsed SCLC.

Design:

We retrospectively analyzed patients with relapsed SCLC who received nab-paclitaxel or combined nab-paclitaxel and ICIs (anti-programmed death-1, PD-1 or anti-programmed cell death 1 ligand, PD-L1) between February 2017 and September 2021.

Methods:

Efficacy and safety data were collected from electronic health records. Progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were assessed using the Kaplan–Meier method and a standard log-rank test.

Results:

We included 56 patients with relapsed SCLC, of which 29 received nab-paclitaxel alone (Group A), and 27 received combined nab-paclitaxel and ICIs (Group B). Baseline characteristics were similar between the two groups. Group B had a numerically higher objective response rate than Group A (40.7% versus 17.2%; p = 0.052). However, combined nab-paclitaxel and ICIs failed to demonstrate survival superiority over nab-paclitaxel monotherapy [median PFS: 3.2 months versus 2.8 months ( p = 0.5225); median OS: 11.0 months versus 9.3 months ( p = 0.7298)]. The safety profiles of Groups A and B were both tolerable.

Conclusion:

This study indicated that compared with nab-paclitaxel monotherapy, combined nab-paclitaxel and ICIs failed to improve survival in relapsed SCLC.
Clinical relevance of molecular aspects in extranodal marginal zone lymphoma: a critical appraisal
Authors: Raderer Markus , Kiesewetter Barbara , Du Ming-Qing
Published: June 2023

Extranodal marginal zone B-cell lymphoma of the mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT lymphoma) is among the more common types of lymphoma accounting for up to 8% of newly diagnosed lymphoma cases. As opposed to other B-cell lymphomas, however, no predominant genetic hallmark has been defined in MALT lymphoma, but different localizations appear to be affected by different, sometimes distinct changes. Nonetheless, a high proportion of these genetic changes reported in MALT lymphomas dysregulate the pathways leading to NF-kB activation. t(11;18)(q21;q21)/BIRC3::MALT1 appears to be MALT lymphoma specific and is found in 24% of gastric and 40% of pulmonary MALT lymphomas. The translocation is associated with more disseminated disease in gastric MALT lymphoma and is found in a large percentage of patients whose lymphoma is unresponsive to antibiotic eradication of Helicobacter pylori. In addition to t(11;18)(q21;q21), nuclear expression of BCL10 or NF-kB appears to be highly associated with lymphoma cell survival independence of H. pylori-mediated stimulations. Antibiotic eradication, however, is the recommended therapy of choice irrespective of genetic findings, and molecular analysis is not required before initiation of therapy. The influence of genetic translocations including t(11;18)(q21;q21) on systemic therapies, however, is less clearly defined. While small series have shown no influence on the outcome for treatment with the anti-CD20 antibody rituximab (R) or treatment with cladribine (2-CdA), conflicting data have been reported for alkylating agents, especially chlorambucil and the combination of R + chlorambucil. None of other genetic changes seen in MALT lymphoma to date has discernible value in routine clinical applications, but recent data suggest that changes in TNFAIP3(A20), KMTD2 and CARD11 might be associated with response to Bruton kinase inhibitors.
Residual acetabular dysplasia after Pavlik harness treatment for Graf type II hips
Authors: Li Yuchan , Wang Zhigang , Miao Mingyuan , Xu Yunlan , Shi Jing
Published: June 2023

Purpose:

To evaluate the residual acetabular dysplasia in Graf type II hips after Pavlik harness treatment with a radiographic follow-up at 2 years of age.

Methods:

We retrospectively reviewed the developmental dysplasia of the hip patients who were treated with the Pavlik harness between March 2018 and February 2022. Patients with Graf type II hip dysplasia who had at least one radiographic follow-up after 2 years of age were included. The following information, sex, laterality, affected side, age at harness initiation, treatment duration, α angle, and the morphology of bony roof, was collected and studied. We evaluated the radiographic acetabular index at the last follow-up and defined the value of greater than 2 standard deviations as residual acetabular dysplasia.

Results:

A total of 33 patients (53 hips) met the criteria. The mean initial α angle was 53.4°; the mean age at Pavlik harness initiation was 10.9 weeks. The mean treatment duration was 10 weeks. The mean α angle at the last ultrasound follow-up was 64.9°. The mean age of the last radiographic follow-up was 2.6 years, and 26 hips had a residual acetabular dysplasia with acetabular indexes greater than 2 standard deviations above the mean. The morphology of the acetabular bony rim (odds ratio = 4.333, P = 0.029) and age of initial treatment <12 weeks (odds ratio = 7.113, P = 0.014) were seen as significant predictors for a higher acetabular index more than 2 years of age.

Conclusions:

A notable incidence of residual acetabular dysplasia after Pavlik harness treatment in Graf type II hips, wherein the acetabular bony roof with a blunt rim at the end of treatment and initial age after 12 weeks were independent predictors associated with residual acetabular dysplasia.

Levels of evidence:

Therapeutic studies, IV.
From Economic to Political Power: Economic Elites and Policymaking During Times of Crisis
Authors: García-Montoya Laura , Manzi Pilar
Published: June 2023

The shared crisis brought on by COVID-19 offers an opportunity to study how economic elites attempt to shape policy responses. In this article, we inquire about the conditions under which economic elites shaped containment and business support measures in Latin America. We argue that wealthier and better-organised elites are more likely to shape policies because they have increased access to policymakers. To test this, we combine regression analysis with three case studies: Chile, Mexico, and Peru. Our quantitative findings align with our expectations regarding containment measures and present mixed results for pro-business policies. Case studies illustrate how elites attempted to influence policy, highlighting the centrality of access to the Executive and the importance of distinguishing between institutionalised or personalised access. The degree to which policy responses aligned with elite preferences varied according to the nature of the ties: ranging from the most alignment in Chile to the least in Peru.
Simulating Realistic Continuous Glucose Monitor Time Series By Data Augmentation
Authors: Gomez Louis A. , Toye Adedolapo Aishat , Hum R. Stanley , Kleinberg Samantha
Published: June 2023

Background:

Simulated data are a powerful tool for research, enabling benchmarking of blood glucose (BG) forecasting and control algorithms. However, expert created models provide an unrealistic view of real-world performance, as they lack the features that make real data challenging, while black-box approaches such as generative adversarial networks do not enable systematic tests to diagnose model performance.

Methods:

To address this, we propose a method that learns missingness and error properties of continuous glucose monitor (CGM) data collected from people with type 1 diabetes (OpenAPS, OhioT1DM, RCT, and Racial-Disparity), and then augments simulated BG data with these properties. On the task of BG forecasting, we test how well our method brings performance closer to that of real CGM data compared with current simulation practices for missing data (random dropout) and error (Gaussian noise, CGM error model).

Results:

Our methods had the smallest performance difference versus real data compared with random dropout and Gaussian noise when individually testing the effects of missing data and error on simulated BG in most cases. When combined, our approach was significantly better than Gaussian noise and random dropout for all data sets except OhioT1DM. Our error model significantly improved results on diverse data sets.

Conclusions:

We find a significant gap between BG forecasting performance on simulated and real data, and our method can be used to close this gap. This will enable researchers to rigorously test algorithms and provide realistic estimates of real-world performance without overfitting to real data or at the expense of data collection.
Delivering Biopsychosocial Health Care Within Routine Care: Spotlight-AQ Pivotal Multicenter Randomized Controlled Trial Results
Authors: Kelly Ryan Charles , Price Hermione , Phiri Peter , Cummings Michael , Ali Amar , Patel Mayank , Barnard Ethan , Liu Yufan , Mendez Oscar , Barnard-Kelly Katharine
Published: June 2023

Background:

Annual national diabetes audit data consistently shows most people with diabetes do not consistently achieve blood glucose targets for optimal health, despite the large range of treatment options available.

Aim:

To explore the efficacy of a novel clinical intervention to address physical and mental health needs within routine diabetes consultations across health care settings.

Methods:

A multicenter, parallel group, individually randomized trial comparing consultation duration in adults diagnosed with T1D or T2D for ≥6 months using the Spotlight-AQ platform versus usual care. Secondary outcomes were HbA1c, depression, diabetes distress, anxiety, functional health status, and healthcare professional burnout. Machine learning models were utilized to analyze the data collected from the Spotlight-AQ platform to validate the reliability of question-concern association; as well as to identify key features that distinguish people with type 1 and type 2 diabetes, as well as important features that distinguish different levels of HbA1c.

Results:

n = 98 adults with T1D or T2D; any HbA1c and receiving any diabetes treatment participated ( n = 49 intervention). Consultation duration for intervention participants was reduced in intervention consultations by 0.5 to 4.1 minutes (3%-14%) versus no change in the control group (−0.9 to +1.28 minutes). HbA1c improved in the intervention group by 6 mmol/mol (range 0-30) versus control group 3 mmol/mol (range 0-8). Moderate improvements in psychosocial outcomes were seen in the intervention group for functional health status; reduced anxiety, depression, and diabetes distress and improved well-being. None were statistically significant. HCPs reported improved communication and greater focus on patient priorities in consultations. Artificial Intelligence examination highlighted therapy and psychological burden were most important in predicting HbA1c levels. The Natural Language Processing semantic analysis confirmed the mapping relationship between questions and their corresponding concerns. Machine learning model revealed type 1 and type 2 patients have different concerns regarding psychological burden and knowledge. Moreover, the machine learning model emphasized that individuals with varying levels of HbA1c exhibit diverse levels of psychological burden and therapy-related concerns.

Conclusion:

Spotlight-AQ was associated with shorter, more useful consultations; with improved HbA1c and moderate benefits on psychosocial outcomes. Results reflect the importance of a biopsychosocial approach to routine care visits. Spotlight-AQ is viable across health care settings for improved outcomes.
Treating accelerated and blast phase myeloproliferative neoplasms: progress and challenges
Authors: Ajufo Helen O. , Waksal Julian A. , Mascarenhas John O. , Rampal Raajit K.
Published: June 2023

Myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs) are a group of clonal hematologic malignancies that include polycythemia vera (PV), essential thrombocythemia (ET), and myelofibrosis (MF). MPNs are characterized by activating mutations in the JAK/STAT pathway and an increased risk of transformation to an aggressive form of acute leukemia, termed MPN-blast phase (MPN-BP). MPN-BP is characterized by the presence of ⩾20% blasts in the blood or bone marrow and is almost always preceded by an accelerated phase (MPN-AP) defined as ⩾10–19% blasts in the blood or bone marrow. These advanced forms of disease are associated with poor prognosis with a median overall survival (mOS) of 3–5 months in MPN-BP and 13 months in MPN-AP. MPN-AP/BP has a unique molecular landscape characterized by increased intratumoral complexity. Standard therapies used in de novo acute myeloid leukemia (AML) have not demonstrated improvement in OS. Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) remains the only curative therapy but is associated with significant morbidity and mortality and infrequently utilized in clinical practice. Therefore, an urgent unmet need persists for effective therapies in this advanced phase patient population. Here, we review the current management and future directions of therapy in MPN-AP/BP.
Safety monitoring of oral iron supplements in pregnant women with anemia: a multi-center observational clinical study
Authors: Liu Chang , Zhang Qianqian , Hui Peiye , Wang Yan , Li Guohui , Cao Guangchao , Xue Zicheng , Zhang Jing , Zhang Heng , Huang Xin , Wu Jiyong , Sun Fusehng , Yan Meixing
Published: June 2023

Aims:

To investigate the safety of oral iron therapy in pregnant women with iron-deficiency anemia (IDA) in the real world.

Methods:

A retrospective analysis was performed on 1792 pregnant patients with IDA who received oral iron supplements from 12 hospitals in Shandong Province from 1 April to 31 June 2021; follow-up and adverse reactions were recorded. They were divided into six groups according to the treatment drugs.

Results:

The overall adverse reaction rate was 15.4%, and the main adverse reaction site was the digestive system. The incidence of all kinds of oral iron adverse reactions from high to low in order: compound ferrous sulfate and folic acid tablets (21.88%); iron proteinsuccinylate oral solution (20.90%); ferrous succinate tablets (19.76%); ferrous succinate sustained-release tablets (18.00%); iron polysaccharide complex capsule (12.06%); and iron dextran oral solution (6.94%). It was found that there was a significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions among the six drugs ( p < 0.05). Pairwise comparison showed that the incidence of adverse reactions was higher in the iron proteinsuccinylate oral solution than that in the iron polysaccharide complex capsule ( p < 0.05). There was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions in different ages ( p > 0.05), but there was a significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions in different gestational ages ( p < 0.05). In Adverse Drug Reaction (ADR) patients, the adverse reaction result of most patients is recovery or improvement, and there was no serious adverse reaction outcome such as sequela and death.

Conclusion:

All the adverse reactions of oral iron were mainly gastrointestinal adverse reactions, and no heavy adverse reactions were found. Iron proteinsuccinylate oral solution has a higher incidence of adverse reactions than iron polysaccharide complex capsule. The results showed that oral iron was safer for anemia patients during pregnancy.
Data infrastructure studies on an unequal planet
Authors: Brodie Patrick
Published: June 2023

In this article, I take the case of data centers as a powerful tool and infrastructure of multinational digital capitalism, analyzing the ways in which understanding these and other data infrastructures through their energy frameworks allows us to theorize the implications of planetary environmental impacts of digital data for contemporary subjects beyond individual data technologies themselves. This is especially true in data centers’ function as energy vacuums and in their carbon and extractive footprints and other environmental externalities. I demonstrate that data centers organize an assemblage of environmental relations whose operations reproduce uneven systems of capitalism enacted through energy and environmental politics. While this article is by no means comprehensive, and by necessity must be selective in its engagement with key texts in a number of overlapping fields, it broadly draws from media studies, geographical, and sociological approaches to data infrastructures to unravel the entanglements of digital systems and the environment. Data centers and their energy connections represent multivalent sites and indications into the global supply chain of data infrastructure, and their extractive dynamic as networked infrastructure fundamentally changes how we need to see their impacts and the impacts of datafication more broadly.
Cocreation of a conversational agent to help patients adhere to their varenicline treatment: A study protocol
Authors: Minian Nadia , Mehra Kamna , Rose Jonathan , Veldhuizen Scott , Zawertailo Laurie , Ratto Matt , Lecce Julia , Selby Peter
Published: June 2023

Objective

Varenicline is the most efficacious approved smoking cessation medication, making it one of the most cost-effective clinical interventions for reducing tobacco-related morbidity and mortality. Adhering to varenicline is strongly associated with smoking cessation. Healthbots have the potential to help people adhere to their medications by scaling up evidence-based behavioral interventions. In this protocol, we outline how we will follow the UK's Medical Research Council's guidance to codesign a theory-informed, evidence-based, and patient-centered healthbot to help people adhere to varenicline.

Methods

The study will utilize the Discover, Design and Build, and Test framework and will include three phases: (a) a rapid review and interviews with 20 patients and 20 healthcare providers to understand barriers and facilitators to varenicline adherence (Discover phase); (b) Wizard of Oz test to design the healthbot and get a sense of the questions that chatbot has to be able to answer (Design phase); and (c) building, training, and beta-testing the healthbot (Building and Testing phases) where the Nonadoption, Abandonment, Scale-up, Spread, and Sustainability framework will be used to develop the healthbot using the simplest sensible solution, and 20 participants will beta test the healthbot. We will use the Capability, Opportunity, Motivation-Behavior (COM-B) model of behavior change and its associated framework, the Theoretical Domains Framework, to organize the findings.

Conclusions

The present approach will enable us to systematically identify the most appropriate features for the healthbot based on a well-established behavioral theory, the latest scientific evidence, and end users’ and healthcare providers’ knowledge.
Exploring the Relationship Between Cognitive Abilities and Adaptive Components of Psychopathic Traits
Authors: Durand Guillaume , Rutten Bart P. F. , Lobbestael Jill
Published: June 2023

Although multiple studies have suggested a negative relationship between psychopathic traits and cognitive abilities, a few identified positive associations between psychopathic traits and specific executive functions. This study examined the relationship between a set of cognitive functions and the adaptive traits associated with psychopathic personality. Participants ( N = 107) completed measures of psychopathic traits and adaptive personality traits, as well as a series of cognitive-ability-based tasks (measures of working memory, response inhibition, cognitive discrimination, and long-term memory). Results showed that adaptive psychopathic traits were associated with faster response times on measures of working memory, cognitive discrimination, and long-term recall. In contrast, psychopathic traits related to impulsivity were associated with slower response times in incongruent trials of measures of cognitive discrimination and short-term recall. Higher levels of adaptive and psychopathic traits related to fearlessness and dominance were associated with better performance in a working memory task without sacrificing accuracy for speed. These findings further support the multidimensionality of psychopathy; whereas its maladaptive traits are related to cognitive impairments, its adaptive traits seem to be related to cognitive superiority.
The Mediating Effect of IT-Enabled Dynamic Capabilities and Organizational Readiness on the Relationship Between Transformational Leadership and Digital Business Model Innovation: Evidence From Indonesia Incumbent Firms
Authors: Montasser Deon , Prijadi Ruslan , Balqiah Tengku Ezni
Published: June 2023

The outbreak of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has triggered the massive adoption of digital products and services in Indonesia, forcing established organizations to accelerate digital transformation and adaptation of their digital enabled business model to stay relevant. This article investigates how established firms achieve digital business model innovation (DBMI) and the role of transformational leadership (TL) as a key antecedent. Based on the cross-sectional survey data from 124 public listed firms in Indonesia, this study reveals that established firms in the uncertainty’s situation require Transformational Leadership, and TL indirectly influence DBMI through organizational readiness and ITeDC. We also found that despite the direct impact of organizational readiness on DBMI, partial mediation through IteDC can be a plausible mechanism. We contribute to the business model literature by offering a more integrated view of the antecedents concerning established firms’ DBMI.
Translation and Cross-Cultural Adaptation of the Yonsei Lifestyle Profile (YLP) in Japanese Adults
Authors: Bae Suyeong , Lim Youngmyoung , Gang Miyeong , Jin Yeonju , Hong Ickpyo
Published: June 2023

This study aims to cross-culturally adapt the Yonsei Lifestyle Profile (YLP) to a Japanese version of YLP (YLP-J) for older Japanese adults. We translated YLP to the YLP-J using a formal forward–backward translation method. Subsequently, we investigated content validity using the Delphi expert method to assess the multifaceted lifestyle of older Japanese adults. A total of 11 health-related experts participated in the panel, and opinions were collected through 61 closed questions on item relevance and linguistic relevance. Based on the responses, sum, average, standard deviation, content validity ratio (CVR), stability, convergence, and consensus of each item were obtained. As the results of the first Delphi, 43 and 25 questions did not meet the CVR in linguistic and item relevance, respectively. We modified the item questions according to the comments of the expert panel. According to the results of the second Delphi in linguistic relevance, the mean values of CVR, stability, convergence, and consensus were 0.92, 0.17, 0.39, and 0.77, respectively. According to the results of the second Delphi in item relevance, the mean value of CVR, stability, convergence, and consensus were 0.93, 0.16, 0.39, and 0.80, respectively. The content validity of the YLP-J was examined so that the YLP tool could be applied to the linguistic and cultural context of Japan. It is expected that the YLP-J will be a useful tool for improving the health and quality of life of older adults in Japan.
“Crypt Keeper That She Is”: Mariah Bell and the Media Framing of Age in the 2022 U.S. National Figure Skating Championships
Authors: Carmack Heather J. , Lazenby Braidyn S.
Published: June 2023

In 2022, Mariah Bell won the U.S. National Figure Skating Championship in women’s singles. Media coverage of her win and subsequent appointment to the U.S. Olympic figure skating team did not center on her performance; rather journalists primarily focused on the fact that Bell was the oldest woman to win a U.S. national title since 1927 and the oldest woman to compete in figure skating for the U.S. since 1928. The purpose of this paper was to analyze the media framing of Bell’s win connected to her age as well as Bell’s attempts to de-emphasize her age and reposition her win as evidence of her determination and experience. These competing frames serve as a backdrop to larger discussions about age and participation in sport.
How Psychological Symptoms Mediate Perceived COVID-19 Stress and Identity Distress in Emerging Adults
Authors: Gfellner Barbara M. , Cordoba Ana I.
Published: June 2023

The global pandemic has been associated with substantial elevation in mental health problems among emerging adults. In this study, we examined psychological symptoms in relation to perceived COVID-19 stress and disturbances with identity development (identity distress) among university students in Canada and in Spain during the second wave of the pandemic. Spanish students indicated greater identity distress than their Canadian counterpart, and they reported higher perceived COVID-19 stress. The predicted associations were supported among perceived COVID-19 stress, psychological symptoms, and identity distress for both groups, and psychological symptoms mediated the linkage between perceived COVID-19 stress and identity distress. These results underscore the enduring influence of psychological symptoms in relation to perceived COVID-19 stressors and identity development with implications for other serious contextual events and suggestions for student support and clinical intervention.
Cult of Dead Heroes: A Study on the Memorial Stones of Rajasthan
Authors: Gupta Geetika
Published: June 2023

This study seeks to look at the origin and evolution of the practice of erecting memorial stones in the region of Rajasthan, India, during the early medieval period (600–1300 CE). It is observed that the idea of erecting such memorials, which is associated with the Rajputs particularly, became a widely accepted social practice among other sections of the society. This study attempts to analyse the content and subject matter of these stones and investigates why they were erected, for whom they were erected, who commissioned them, and how the family of the deceased viewed such memorials erected primarily to commemorate the dead. In fact, their erection was no less a grand affair; the people who commissioned the building of memorials paid homage and reverence to their dead ancestors and worshipped them according to their own socio-religious practices.
How White Americans Experience Racial Gaze: Public Interactions and White Parents of Black Adopted Children
Authors: Perry Samuel L.
Published: June 2023

Within America’s racialized social system, White people can generally navigate life as “unmarked,” oblivious to race. But for White parents of Black adopted children, everyday public interactions provide occasion to directly and vicariously experience a form of “racial gaze,” specifically via scrutiny directed toward them as parents and the bodies of their Black children. Drawing on 46 in-depth interviews with White adoptive parents of Black children, and incorporating insights from whiteness theory and research, I analyze how White parents perceive and respond to racial scrutiny. Parents describe how their ability to raise Black children feels challenged through unsolicited advice about haircare, negative comments, and perceived disapproving looks from Black strangers. These interactions provoke parents’ insecurity and anxiety such that they become more aware of their own whiteness and thus less “colorblind” than they might have been otherwise, while also resenting Black strangers for implicitly challenging their parenting abilities or the appropriateness of their parenting Black children. Findings provide novel insight into ways White Americans respond to the subjective experience of racial gaze. Given expectations of universal white innocence, competence, and colorblindness, they react with increased anxiety, hyper-vigilance, and greater guardedness around Black Americans in public to the point of resentment.
Perception Checking in Action: Critically Reflecting on Gendered Communication Within Workplace Interactions
Authors: Congdon Mark , Jackson Nicole C.
Published: June 2023

In the Two Islands Activity, students are given a fictitious prompt to examine and reflect on how their positionality influences their perceptions regarding their assumptions about gender and sexuality in interpersonal workplace interactions. Through the active process of perception checking, students examine how gender and sexuality stereotypes may influence their perception of a situation and their potential implications on business relationships. The activity is framed around the interpersonal Communication Theory of Identity as it relates to positionality, or how multiple identities (i.e., race, ethnicity, gender, class, sexuality, ability, age, and political ideology) in social and political contexts shape gender and sexuality roles and stereotypes within the workplace. Perception checking is an active, reflective process of asking questions and seeking alternative viewpoints to account for disentangling these perceptions. This activity encourages students to reflectively examine their identities, experiences, and stereotypes concerning cultural norms and ideologies of gender and sexuality.
A Vermont Statewide Educational Intervention to Improve Access to Hepatitis C Virus Treatment in a Rural State
Authors: Hale Andrew J. , Lidofsky Steven D.
Published: June 2023

OBJECTIVES

Improved knowledge of hepatitis C virus (HCV) screening, linkage to care, and treatment is needed among nonspecialist medical professionals to combat the HCV epidemic. The authors sought to implement and analyze the impact of an HCV curriculum for primary care professionals (PCPs) across the state of Vermont, USA.

METHODS

This investigation was a retrospective analysis of uptake of a Vermont HCV educational curriculum and its impact on HCV direct-acting antiviral (DAA) prescribing rates within the state before and after the study period. The curriculum was delivered online and in-person over 2 years from 2019 to 2020. The primary outcome was health care professional performance on a pre- and post-curriculum short-term knowledge assessment exam. The secondary outcome was assessing the number of unique healthcare professionals within a single payor database prescribing DAA treatment for HCV in Vermont before and after the study intervention, from January 1, 2017 until December 1, 2021.

RESULTS

There were 31 unique respondents on the pre- and post-intervention examinations, which represented 9% of known participants. Respondents included physicians (n = 15), nurse practitioners (n = 8), and nurses (n = 8). Pre- and post-intervention knowledge scores increased significantly across all provider groups, from 3.2 (SD 0.6) to 4.5 (SD 0.4) 1 to 5 scale ( P = .01). The total number of unique HCV DAA therapy prescribers decreased over the study period, from 17 in 2017 to 9 in 2021.

CONCLUSIONS

A Vermont statewide HCV curriculum for PCPs was successful at increasing short-term HCV-related knowledge. However, this did not obviously translate to an increase in new professionals treating HCV.
“Go Home and Sin No More!” Reimagining Faith that Changes the Lives of Offenders to New Narratives of Rebirth and Transformation
Authors: Mashau Thinandavha Derrick
Published: June 2023

The justice system in South Africa used prisons as punitive instruments before the dawn of democracy. New developments focus mainly on restorative justice that seeks to rehabilitate, reintegrate, and restore offenders to their communities. This system has allowed space for chaplaincy and spiritual work in South African incarceration centers. This article uses the missional reading of John 8:1–11 and the narrative of David Heritage to demonstrate that faith, not religion, can change ex-offenders’ lives into narratives of rebirth and transformation. Ex-offenders are given a second opportunity to serve the missio Dei as agents of missional conversion and transformation.
Casting a Vision of Communal and Public Life of the Church for the Post-Pandemic Korean-American Churches: Focusing on Veli-Matti Kärkkäinen’s Communion and Public Ecclesiology
Authors: Shin JongSeock James
Published: June 2023

I engage with Veli-Matti Kärkkäinen’s communion and public ecclesiologies in casting a vision of communal and public life of post-pandemic Korean-American churches. For Kärkkäinen, the trinitarian economy of salvation constitutes the ontological ground of a church’s communal life in the wider society. The theologian advances a communal ecclesiology that celebrates irreducible particularities in unity of the Church while upholding a public ecclesiology through creative mutual interaction with other sectors of society in the imitatio Trinitatis. I discuss how his ecclesiological proposals may contribute to Korean-American churches by enhancing their socio-economic accountability, intercultural mutual respect, and intergenerational unity, while remaining deeply rooted in the Gospel of Christ.
Knowledge Attitudes and Practice about Stroke amongst Neurologists in India
Authors: Gupta Dulari , Dinesh Sreehari , Narayan Sunil , Gorthi Sankar Prasad
Published: June 2023

Background

There is paucity of data regarding knowledge about diagnosis, aetiology, investigations, and management of stroke amongst neurologists in India.

Methodology

A cross-sectional observational analytical study in which the Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practice about stroke were assessed amongst neurologists across India using a Google Form with 30 multiple-choice questions and 10 case scenarios about acute ischemic stroke, acute hemorrhagic stroke, and cerebral venous sinus thrombosis. This Google Form was circulated amongst all Indian Academy of Neurology groups online from October 2022 to December 2022. Responses were analyzed question wise.

Results

A total of 148 neurologists responded with 90.5% practicing in urban India. In acute ischemic stroke only 56% chose noncontrast CT brain as the mainstay of imaging in stroke diagnosis. Similarly only 50% said that vascular imaging (CT angiography or MRI angiography) was important in stroke imaging. Questionnaires pertaining to the indications and contraindications for intravenous thrombolysis were well responded. Most answers on intracerebral hemorrhage were correct. Many neurologists are using DOAC in treatment of CVT even though latest studies have hinted towards their safety, but randomized control trials are still underway.

Conclusion

Results show good knowledge and practice in the field of acute hemorrhagic stroke and moderate results in CVT while there are glaring knowledge gaps in acute ischemic stroke. This reflects the rapidly changing field of acute ischemic stroke. The aim of training programs and conferences should be to update neurologists on this rapidly evolving field.
Statistical Analysis Plan (SAP) for AyuRvedic TrEatment in the Rehabilitation of Ischemic STrOke Patients in India: A Randomized Controlled Trial (RESTORE)
Authors: Sarma PS , Khatter Himani , Dhasan Aneesh , Nambiar Vivek , Narayan Sunil , Arora Deepti , Verma Shweta Jain , Sharma Meenakshi , Kate Mahesh Pundlik , Pandian Jeyaraj Durai , Sylaja P.N.
Published: June 2023

Background

Stroke often results in a loss of functional ability. The evaluation of recovery after a stroke is crucial for both treatment and research. The AyuRvedic TrEatment in the Rehabilitation of Ischemic STrOke Patients in India: A randomized controlled trial (RESTORE) aims to generate evidence-based data for creating a uniform rehabilitation protocol and initiating a cross-referral practice to support an integrative treatment approach. The objective is to develop a detailed statistical analysis plan for the RESTORE trial prior to data analysis.

Methods

The statistical analysis plan was developed by the trial statistician with the assistance of the RESTORE trial principal investigator and the trial management team. The statistical analysis plan was built using the specified primary and secondary outcome measures, as well as knowledge of important baseline data. All data collected will be thoroughly examined.

Results

The final statistical analysis plan corresponds to established criteria and will allow for transparent and efficient reporting.

Conclusions

The RESTORE trial statistical analysis plan is created to reduce analysis bias caused by prior knowledge of results and to explicitly outline prespecified analysis.
The Resources of Institutional Entrepreneurs in Different Structural Settings
Authors: Jackwerth-Rice Deborah , Koehrsen Jens , Mattes Jannika
Published: June 2023

As agents of strategic institutional change, institutional entrepreneurs (IEs) draw resources from their structural environment to alter the structural context in which they are embedded. In this article, we explore which resources IEs mobilize in different structural settings. We distinguish between (positional or free) field resources and personal resources, all of which may be material, cultural, social, symbolic or political in kind. Our review of leading case studies of institutional entrepreneurship shows that centrally positioned IEs draw primarily on organizational positional resources. By contrast, peripherally positioned IEs rely mainly on the skilful mobilization of free resources as well as on the personal resources of individuals. Also the field’s degree of institutionalization has an impact on IEs’ resources: in emerging fields where field positions and field boundaries are not yet defined, resources must be imported from mature fields. Furthermore, although resource-poor peripheral IEs may set off institution-building processes in emerging fields, they are usually superseded by central organizational actors during later stages of institution-building.
Comprehensive Physical Examination of the Hip
Authors: Tramer Joseph S. , Pierre Kinsley , Owen Anne , Safran Marc R.
Published: June 2023

Background:

Hip pain is a common chief complaint among sports medicine patients, and there is a wide variety of pathology that may cause pain around the hip joint.

Indications:

Any patient presenting to a clinic with a complaint of hip and groin pain should undergo a comprehensive physical examination to aid in diagnosis and treatment planning.

Technique Description:

All patients presenting with hip pain, regardless of the complaint, undergo a screening examination to further identify potential etiology of their pain. Based on the screening examination, as well as a comprehensive history and imaging findings, more specific examination maneuvers may be conducted to further establish an accurate diagnosis and treatment plan.

Conclusion:

Hip pain presents a diagnostic challenge for sports medicine providers, as there is a wide range of pathology that may manifest as pain around the hip joint. It is vital for all sports providers, regardless of the area of interest, to have the ability to perform a comprehensive physical examination of the hip to obtain an accurate diagnosis and to initiate appropriate treatment plans.

Patient Consent Disclosure Statement:

The author(s) attests that consent has been obtained from any patient(s) appearing in this publication. If the individual may be identifiable, the author(s) has included a statement of release or other written form of approval from the patient(s) with this submission for publication.
Assessing bike accessibility to metro systems by integrating crowdedness
Authors: Lin Diao , Zhang Yongping , Meng Liqiu
Published: June 2023

Bike-metro integration is regarded as an effective means of improving the access to metro systems. This study aims to assess the metro accessibility by biking at a finer spatiotemporal scale using a real bike trajectory dataset generated by cyclists. To achieve this goal, we propose a metro accessibility level (MAL) indicator that explicitly integrates metro crowdedness into the accessibility measurement. We then introduce a method to examine the possibility of avoiding metro crowdedness by using the bike as the access mode. The proposed indicator and method are applied to Shanghai, China as a case study. Results show that bike-metro integration increases the accessibility to metro systems in terms of larger population coverage and a higher accessibility level. Omitting the metro crowdedness leads to an overestimation of the accessibility to metro systems, and the overestimation for the morning peak is larger than that of the afternoon peak. Only 19% of the population in walking catchment areas of crowded stations can shift from crowded stations to non-crowded ones. These results provide a good reference for transportation planning, modeling, and policymaking to improve bike-metro integration.