bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Всхожесть семян и развитие сеянцев каучукового одуванчика кок-сагыз (Taraxacum kok-saghyz L.E. Rodin) на образцах почв in situ популяций: «Соленое озеро», «Сарыжаз», «Кегень»
Authors: Утеулин К.Р.
Published: October 2023

Одуванчик кок-сагыз (Taraxacum kok-saghyz L.E. Rodin) — эндемик межгорных долин Тянь-Шаня. T. kok-saghyz как источник  каучука и инулина общепризнан перспективной сельскохозяйственной культурой для возделывания в зоне умеренного климата ряда стран Европы, Северной Америки, Азии. Проблема в том, что при введении T. kok-saghyz в культуру в условиях ex situ жизнеспособность этого эндемичного вида часто снижается. В статье проведены сравнительные исследования всхожести семян и развития сеянцев T. kok-saghyz на образцах почв его in situ популяций, образцах почв участков ex situ и на коммерческих универсальных торфогрунтах. Исследования проводились в условиях теплицы. Автором впервые показано значительно лучшее  развитие сеянцев T. kok-saghyz на образцах почв in situ популяций «Кегень», «Сарыжаз», «Соленое озеро» в сравнении с широко используемыми коммерческими универсальными торфогрунтами  «Богатырь» и «Фаско».  Посев семян T. kok-saghyz  в образцы почвы предгорной зоны г. Алматы не эффективен, всхожесть  семян крайне низкая и сеянцы не развиваются. Результаты настоящих исследований служат обоснованием проведения детальных исследований состава почв in situ популяций T. kok-saghyz. Следует разработать удобрение с добавками компонентов почв in situ популяций T. kok-saghyz специально для интродцированного T. kok-saghyz. Использование этого «специального» удобрения обеспечит повышение продуктивности и устойчивости интродуцированного T. kok-saghyz.
Clinical and laboratory assessment of hormonal and metabolic disorders in experimental animals with alloxan, streptozotocin and dithizone diabetes
Authors: Zhautikova S.B. , Abdikadirova Kh.R. , Abikenova F.S. , Talaspekova Yu.P. , Medvedeva I.V. , Chergizova B.T.
Published: October 2023

The basic place in experimental diabetology is engaged by chemical models of diabetes. In these patterns, β-cells in pancreatic islet tissue are selectively targeted by diverse agents. Pathogenetic mechanisms of hormonal and metabolic disorders in animals were studied on models of alloxan, streptozotocin and dithizone diabetes. The experiment was carried out on male Wistar rats. Three models of experimental diabetes were created. The groups were equal in terms of observation time (6, 12, 24 months) and number. A complex of laboratory-biochemical methods of lipid and protein metabolism was consumed. Serum enzymes were also determined. The level of glycemia in the studied animals after the introduction of alloxan and streptozotocin ranged from 13.4 to 18.6 mmol/l, glucosuria, polydipsia, polyphagia were observed. A significant (p<0.01) increase in glycemia by 3.10 times, glycated hemoglobin - by 3.16 times, a decrease (p<0.01) of IRI - by 3.76 times and C-peptide - by 2.05 times in animals with streptozotocin diabetes compared with intact animals. Serious lipid metabolism disorders were discovered in alloxan, streptozotocin, and especially dithizone diabetes (24 months of follow-up). This was manifested in a significant (p<0.01) increase in the level of triglycerides - by 1.66 times, atherogenic index (p<0.01) - by 4.43 times and a decrease (p<0.05) in the level of HDL - by 1 43 times compared with the intact CI3 group, as well as an increase in FFA, TCH, LDL, VLDL. In animals with alloxan and dithizone diabetes, the functional activity of the pituitary gland was lessened (the level of growth hormone and CTH (p<0.01), the adrenal cortex and pancreatic α-cells (p<0.01), the activity of the sympathoadrenal system was enlarged, which was reaffirmed by a significant (p<0.01) by an increase in the level of adrenaline, noradrenaline - by 1.42 times. An above pronounced suppression of the endocrine glands was observed in animals with streptozotocin diabetes.
Обеспеченность услугами водоснабжения и водоотведения в Карагандинской области
Authors: Ердесов Н.Ж. , Омарова А.О. , Исмаилов Ч.У.
Published: October 2023

В статье проведен анализ охвата услугами водоснабжения и водоотведения среди сельского и городского населения Карагандинской области, представлены данные по протяженности сетей и их техническом состоянии, также о эффективной работе сооружений системы водоотведения. Цель работы — изучить степень охвата услугами водоснабжения и водоотведения и их технического состояния среди сельского и городского населения Карагандинской области за период 2010–2020 годов. Ретроспективный анализ вторичных данных за10 лет, а именно формы «О работе водопроводных и канализационных сооружений в Республике Казахстан». Из 421 сельских населенных пунктов области 245 обеспечены централизованным водоснабжением (89,9 %), 166 — децентрализованным (9,9 %) и 8 — привозным (0,2 %). Охват централизованным водоснабжением в городских местностях области составляет 98 %, охват централизованным водоотведением 78,43 %. Протяженность водопроводных сетей в сельской местности имеет тенденцию к увеличению и составляет 80,5 %, система водоотведения также увеличилась на 81,2 %. В городской местности протяженность сетей осталась неизменной. Охват сельского населения центральным водоснабжением и водоотведением за исследуемый период значительно увеличился. Полученные результаты исследований указывают на то, что в настоящее время имеется значительная диспропорция между обеспеченностью населения централизованным водоснабжением и централизованным водоотведением. Техническое состояние сетей водоснабжения и канализации в сельской местности остается на неудовлетворительном уровне, что приводит к высоким потерям и ухудшению качества питьевой воды.
Географический анализ охвата объектами образования города Алматы на примере Алмалинского района на базе ГИС
Authors: Кушербай К.Ж. , Мусагалиева А.Н.
Published: October 2023

Урбанизация сегодняшнего дня предстала большим испытанием перед обществом, так как города оказываются неспособными к обслуживанию большего количества населения ввиду дефицита инфраструктуры. Образование является одним из основ формирования городской среды, позволяя взращивать молодое поколение для улучшения качества жизни не только в пределах города, но и далеко за её пределами. Город Алматы, как и многие города-миллионники, столкнулся с проблемой нехватки определенных условий, способствующих удовлетворению спроса горожан. Цель данного научного исследования — выявление проблемных зон, где отмечается высокая загруженность школ, вследствие чего цифровая сервисная зона не способна покрыть имеющийся спрос. Научная значимость исследования была обоснована тенденциями в сфере развития городского пространства, ориентированной на повсеместный доступ к услугам и на условия организации современного мира, базирующегося на цифровизации. Методология исследования заключалась в сборе социально-экономических показателей города Алматы на примере Алмалинского района с последующей фильтрацией под визуализацию индикаторов сектора образования на базе геоинформационных систем. Основным результатом исследования явилась визуализация в виде картографического материала проблемных мест, что необходимо учитывать при последующей организации образовательных учреждений с внесением параметров внешней среды, оказывающей прямое влияние на увеличение спроса. Ценность данного исследования проявляется в изменении комплексных подходов организации городской среды, а именно интеграции систем учета образовательных учреждений с последующим мониторингом для улучшения процессов предоставления мест для обучаемых.
Роль пробиотиков в профилактике и лечении заболеваний
Authors: Байгужина Ж.С. , Хасенова А.Е. , Елеупаева Ш.К. , Динмухамедова А.С. , Альжанова Г.С. , Айзман Р.И. , Базарбаева С.М. , Хамзина С.Р.
Published: October 2023

Пробиотики, включающие бактерии и дрожжи, представляют собой живые микроорганизмы, оказывающие благотворное влияние на здоровье человека. Некоторые из этих микроорганизмов составляют часть нормальной микробиоты кишечника человека, где они живут в симбиотических отношениях. В последнее время пробиотические микроорганизмы постоянно изучаются и их применение рассматривается в перспективных методах профилактики и лечения различных заболеваний. Клинические испытания и эксперименты in vitro, in vivo расширили текущее понимание важной роли, которую пробиотики играют при заболеваниях, связанных с микробиомом кишечника человека. Во многих исследованиях отмечается, что пробиотики участвуют в формировании кишечной микробиоты, что приводит к потенциальному контролю течения множества заболеваний кишечника и содействует общему оздоровлению. Убедительные доказательства в пользу использования пробиотиков при лечении таких заболеваний, связанных с микробиомом кишечника (ассоциированная диарея, хронические запоры, синдром раздраженного кишечника, колоректальный рак и различные расстройства функций желудочно-кишечного тракта) как антибиотик. Пробиотики также используются для лечения и профилактики заболеваний, не связанных с желудочно-кишечным трактом, таких как атопический дерматит, аллергия, сердечно-сосудистые заболевания, урогенитальные инфекции и раковые заболевания. Однако в этих случаях точные механизмы воздействия пробиотиков недостаточно изучены и требуют дальнейших исследований в этом направлении. Целью данной статьи является анализ современной литературы о применении пробиотиков в профилактике и лечении различных заболеваний.
Рекомендации по оценке качества данных iNaturalist
Authors: Иванова Н.В.
Published: October 2023

Данные, собранные волонтерами (citizen science), составляют значительную долю сведений о биоразнообразии, доступных через глобальный портал GBIF. Тем не менее, многие профессиональные исследователи скептически относятся к возможности их использования для научного анализа. Целью исследования стала разработка методики для оценки качества данных любительских наблюдений на примере системы iNaturalist. Для достижения цели через портал GBIF получены данные iNaturalsit в табличном виде. Выполнена оценка полноты и качества данных. Показано, что до трети наблюдений в рассматриваемых выборках содержали некорректные или подозрительные значения, однако большинство наблюдений имели высокое качество и могут быть использованы для научного анализа. На основе полученных результатов сформулированы следующие критерии, которым должны соответствовать наблюдения iNaturalist: (1) наблюдение должно быть определено экспертом, имеющим соответствующую квалификацию, (2) дата наблюдения должна быть указана корректно, (3) указанные географические координаты должны соответствовать реальному месту наблюдения. Предложены методы для выявления некорректных значений. Показано, что на основе доступных через GBIF данных можно самостоятельно проверить правильность определения изучаемого таксона, оценить научную квалификацию экспертов, определивших наблюдение в iNaturalist и верифицировать дату наблюдения. Оценка корректности географических координат мест наблюдений является более сложной задачей. Для проверки этих данных требуется наиболее тщательный анализ с привлечением дополнительных источников информации.
On the jumping spider (Araneae, Salticidae) fauna of Almaty city (Republic of Kazakhstan)
Authors: Kim L.V. , Salmenova M.Ye. , Yeszhanov A.B.
Published: October 2023

Spider fauna of urban landscapes in some countries remains unexplored enough. Cities of Kazakhstan are not exceptions. Meanwhile, spiders are one of the important components of ecological communities. One of the most common and most numerous families in terms of species diversity is Salticidae — the jumping spiders. In this study we provide new records of some jumping spider species from Almaty city. In result, we spotted 10 species belonging to 9 genera of Salticidae family in total. Attulus fasciger (Simon, 1880) was recorded for the first time for Kazakhstan range and Almaty city in particular. The illustrations of general morphology and copulatory organs of A. fasciger are also provided. The results are expected to be used for further studies of the spider fauna of Almaty region, as well as to update cadastral materials on the region.
Longitudinal treatment outcomes of recurrent clival chordomas: a single-center retrospective study
Authors: Hong Sukwoo , Mahajan Anita , Shinya Yuki , Laack Nadia N. , Link Michael J. , O’Brien Erin K. , Stokken Janalee K. , Janus Jeffrey R. , Ho Thanh P. , Choby Garret , Van Gompel Jamie J.
Published: October 2023

OBJECTIVE

The objective of this study was to clarify the detailed clinical course of recurrent clival chordoma and the outcomes of each treatment modality.

METHODS

A single-center retrospective analysis was conducted on patients seen for recurrent clival chordoma. The cohort was identified from those who underwent surgery, stereotactic radiosurgery, or proton therapy at the authors’ institution between 1990 and 2022.

RESULTS

A total of 95 recurrences in 40 patients with a median (interquartile range [IQR]) follow-up of 43 (18–79) months were identified. The median (IQR) age at the time of diagnosis was 48 (36–62) years, and 55% of patients were male. Twenty-three patients were treated with surgery followed by adjuvant radiation before the first recurrence. The median (range) number of recurrences per patient was 2 (1–8), and the median (IQR) time to the first recurrence was 29 (9–51) months. The recurrences were treated with one or more of the following therapies: surgery, radiation, systemic therapy, and laser interstitial thermal therapy (LITT). Surgery was performed for 44 recurrences in 25 patients. Radiation was used to treat 42 recurrences in 28 patients. Patients with recurrences treated with surgery plus radiation had the longest progression-free survival (PFS) (median [95% CI] overall survival [OS] 120 [0–245] months, p < 0.01, log-rank test). Patients with recurrences but without prior radiation had longer PFS than those patients with prior radiation. The median (95% CI) OS after the first recurrence was 68 (54–82) months, 5-year OS after the first recurrence was 48%, and 10-year OS was 27%. Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that mortality after the first recurrence was significantly associated with no adjuvant radiation (HR 0.149, 95% CI 0.038–0.59, p = 0.0067), older age at the time of the first recurrence (HR 1.04, 95% CI 1.01–1.08, p = 0.021), and total number of recurrences (p = 0.032). Seven patients received systemic therapy, and the median (95% CI) OS of these patients since initiation of systemic therapy was 31 (11–51) months. Imatinib and/or nivolumab were used in 6 patients (15%). One patient (3%) was treated with LITT for his fourth recurrence.

CONCLUSIONS

Despite the aggressive nature of recurrent chordoma, 14 of 29 patients (48%) survived for more than 5 years after the initial recurrence using combined therapies. Multiple treatment options may contribute to the long-term survival of patients with this intractable tumor.
Association of cerebrospinal fluid parameters with treatment and complications among children with cerebrospinal fluid shunt infections: a multicenter study
Authors: Hawkes Michael T. , McAlpine Alastair , Barton Michelle , Ranger Adrianna , Balamohan Archana , Davies H. Dele , Skar Gwenn , Lefebvre Marie-Astrid , Almadani Ahmed , Freire Dolores , Saux Nicole Le , Bowes Jennifer , Srigley Jocelyn A. , Passarelli Patrick , Bradley John , Khan Sarah , Purewal Rupeena , Viel-Thériault Isabelle , Robinson Joan L. , _ _
Published: October 2023

OBJECTIVE

Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) white blood cell (WBC) count, neutrophil percentage, protein concentration, and glucose level are typically measured at diagnosis and serially during the treatment of CSF shunt infections. The objective of this retrospective cohort study was to describe the longitudinal profile of CSF parameters in children with CSF shunt infections and assess their association with treatment and outcome.

METHODS

Participants were children treated at 11 tertiary pediatric hospitals in Canada and the United States for CSF shunt infection, from July 1, 2013, through June 30, 2019, with hardware removal, external ventricular drain placement, intravenous antibiotics, and subsequent permanent shunt reinsertion. The relationship between CSF parameters and a complicated course (a composite outcome representing children with at least one of the following: contiguous soft-tissue infection, worsening hydrocephalus, CSF leak, intracranial bleed, brain abscess, venous thrombosis, reinfection after insertion of the new shunt, other complication, ICU admission, or death) was analyzed.

RESULTS

A total of 109 children (median age 2.8 years, 44% female) were included in this study. CSF pleocytosis, elevated protein, and hypoglycorrhachia had sensitivities of 69%, 47%, and 38% for the diagnosis of culture-confirmed CSF shunt infection, respectively. The longitudinal profile of the neutrophil percentage followed a monotonic trend, decreasing by 1.5% (95% CI 1.0%–2.0%, p < 0.0001) per day over the course of treatment. The initial WBC count differed significantly between pathogens (p = 0.011), but the proportion of neutrophils, protein concentration, and glucose level did not, and was lowest with Cutibacterium acnes. The duration of antibiotic treatment and the time to shunt reinsertion were longer in patients with a higher initial neutrophil percentage. Fifty-eight patients (53%) had one or more complications during their admission. A neutrophil percentage > 44% (Youden index) in the initial CSF sample was associated with a 1.8-fold (95% CI 1.2- to 2.8-fold) higher relative risk of a complicated course. In a random-intercept, random-slope linear mixed-effects model, the longitudinal neutrophil trajectory differed significantly between patients with and without complications (p = 0.030).

CONCLUSIONS

A higher proportion of neutrophils in the CSF at diagnosis was associated with a complicated clinical course. Other CSF parameters were associated with treatment and outcome; however, wide variability in values may limit their clinical utility.
Adaptive learning concept selection: a bibliometric review of scholarly literature from 2011 to 2019
Authors: Fadieieva Liliia O.
Published: October 2023

The article describes the bibliometric analysis of scientific literature on adaptive learning in social sciences. With the selected documents, a cluster analysis was carried out according to the co-occurrence of keywords. As a result, the keywords were divided into five clusters, including ones associated with computer-aided instruction, engineering education, basic didactic principles, and individualized learning. The most interrelated keywords, primary keywords, and the chronological limits of the research were also determined from 2011 to 2019.
Traces around a capital: the hinterland of Ravenna through remote sensing
Authors: Abballe Michele , Cavalazzi Marco
Published: October 2023

Remote sensing has been a fundamental tool in reconstructing the urban landscape of the abandoned Late Antique city of Classe, near Ravenna (Italy). However, much of Classe urban plan is not yet known, while the vast area north of Ravenna has been generally ignored for the presence of thick alluvial deposits. The number of freely available aerial and satellite images has increased exponentially in the past decade, yet no study has exploited these sources. The features mapped by analysing these sources allowed us to identify new structures in Classe and shed new light on water management and land-use practices around Ravenna.
SPEECH ERRORS IN ENGLISH AS A FOREIGN LANGUAGE ON SOUTH KOREAN TV SHOW "MY ENGLISH PUBERTY 100 HOURS"
Authors: Yahya Nuruzzakiyyah
Published: October 2023

Abstract

The speech errors in the South Korean TV show "My English Puberty 100 Hours" are examined in this study. Using Clark & Clark and Fromkin's theory, the researcher investigates many speech errors. Researchers pioneered the speech error patterns of artists by studying the types of speech errors. In addition to these two aspects, the researcher used Clark & Clark's theory to investigate the reasons for speech errors. The qualitative descriptive analysis method is used in this study. The data was gathered from the English utterances of the artists who took part in the television show "My English Puberty 100 Hours." After watching the video numerous times, the researcher created a transcript to collect data. The researcher found that two speech errors, namely silent pause and interjection, did not show their presence in the study. Meanwhile, the researcher could not find four types of a slip of the tongue, including anticipation, preservation, misderivation/shift, and haplologies/blend. The researchers found that in the television show "My English Puberty 100 Hours," artists frequently make speech errors. A repeat is a form of speech error that artists frequently exploit. The most common types of a repeat are phrases and function words in pronouns. Artists make speech errors for various reasons, depending on the circumstances. Cognitive difficulties, situational anxiety, and social circumstances all play a role in each artist's reasoning.
USE OF ENGLISH LEARNING ACCOUNTS IN INSTAGRAM TO IMPROVE EFL STUDENTS VOCABULARY
Authors: Nurkhamidah Putri Wulandari
Published: October 2023

Everyone may quickly access all information in this era of the Industrial Revolution 4.0. The technology used to facilitate human activities and give comfort is continually evolving. Digitization occurs in a variety of disciplines, including education. Along with the times, education or knowledge can not only be obtained through formal and non-formal education. Instagram as an application that is widely owned by all ages, provides various features and information that can help students learn English, especially vocabulary. This study aims to find out the use of  English learning accounts on Instagram help students increase their vocabulary level and how it can happen. This study is qualitative research, which uses questionnaires as its data collection. The study indicates instagram contains interesting words and images and it is very hepful to improve students vocabualry.
AN STABILITY ESTIMATE IN 3D SOURCE PROBLEM FOR THE STATIONARY RADIATIVE TRANSFER EQUATION
Authors:   Sobolev Institute of Mathematics, Romanov Vladimir
Published: October 2023

It is given a stability estimate of a solution of a source problem for the stationary radiative transfer equation. It is suppose that the source is an isotropic distribution. Earlier stability estimates for this problem were studied in several papers, the most part of those was related to a partial case of the emission tomography problem, when the scattering operator vanishes. For the complete transfer equation the stability estimate were given under additional conditions for the absorption coefficient and the scattering kernel, those are sufficiently difficult for checking. Moreover, it is still open the question about dependence a constant in the stability estimate on the coefficients of the transfer equation. In the present work, the stationary transfer equation is considered in an compact strongly convex domain of the tree-dimension space. In a forward problem it is assumed that incoming radiation is absent. In an inverse problem for recovering an unknown source some data for solutions of the forward problem are given. A new simple approach is suggested to obtain a stability estimate for the problem under the consideration. Using this way, an explicit constant in this estimate is given.
ASYMPTOTIC STABILITY OF POROUS THERMOELASTIC SYSTEM WITH INFINITE HISTORY, MICROTEMPERATURES EFFECTS AND VARYING DELAY
Authors:   Laboratory of Pure and Applied Mathematics, Amar Telidji University, Djeradi Fatima , Yazid Fares ,   Applied Math. Lab., Department of Mathematics, Setif 1 University, Chougui Nadhir
Published: October 2023

This work is concerned with a one-dimensional porous thermoelastic system with microtemperatures effects, past history term acting only on the porous equation, and a time- varying delay term in the internal feedbacks. We first give the well-posedness of the system by using the semigroup method. Then, we establish the global existence as well as energy decay results of solutions, under appropriate conditions on the parameters of the problem.
MODELING AND NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF THE PENALTY METHOD FOR UNILATERAL CONTACT PROBLEM WITH TRESCA’S FRICTION IN THERMO-ELECTRO-VISCO-ELASTICITY
Authors:   Cadi Ayyad University, Polydisciplinary Faculty, Modeling and Combinatorics Laboratory, Bouallala M , Essoufi EL-H. , Zafrar A , Alaoui M. ,   Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Sciences Dhar El Mahraz, Sidi Mohamed Ben AbdellahUniversity,   Univ. Hassan 1, Laboratory MISI
Published: October 2023

In this work, we consider the penalty method applied to contact problem in thermo-electro-visco-elasticity with Signorini’s condition and Tresca’s friction law. Mathe- matical properties, such as the existence of a solution to the penalty problem and its conver- gence to the solution of the original problem, are reported. Then, we present some numerical results in the study of a two-dimensional test problem and we establish its convergence.
Compliance With Safety in Nursing Care, Equipment, and Physical Setting in Pediatric Wards
Authors:   Nursing (MSN), School of Nursing and Midwifery, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran., Pourbayram Nasrin , Chehrzad Minoomitra ,   Assistant Professor, Department of Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran., Karkhah Samad ,   Nursing (MSN), School of Nursing and Midwifery, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran., Kazemnejad Leyli Ehsan ,   Associate Professor, Department of Biostatistics, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran., Jafaraghaee Fateme ,   Associate Professor, Department of Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran.
Published: October 2023

Introduction: Patient safety, especially in children, is one of the most important issues and challenges in medicine in developed and developing countries. Objective: The present study aimed to assess compliance with safety in pediatric wards’ nursing care, equipment, and physical setting. Materials and Methods: In a cross-sectional study, safety compliance in 342 nursing care, equipment, and physical setting was assessed in three pediatric wards of pediatric education and treatment centers in Rasht City, Guilan Province, Iran. Data were collected via convenient sampling using 6 checklists: Safety-related individual, occupational and organizational factors, nursing care, equipment, and the physical setting. Descriptive statistics and the Mann-Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis tests were used for data analysis. Results: Results showed that 36% of nurses were less than 30 years, 100% were female, 80% were married, and 88% had a BS in nursing degree. Nursing care (98.92%), physical settings (93.75%), and equipment in pediatric wards had high safety. The safety of nursing care in terms of shift work (P=0.03), overtime (P<0.05), and participation in training-safety workshops (P=0.03) was significant. Conclusion: Overall, the safety of pediatric patients can be improved by reducing work shifts and overtime of nurses, participating in training-safety workshops, and having an adequate supply of equipment needed to ensure safe practice in pediatric wards.
Factors Related to Feelings of Loneliness and Attitudes Toward Ageing in Retired Older Adults
Authors:   Nursing (MSN), School of Nursing and Midwifery, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran, Rouhi Fahime , Asiri Shahla ,   Assistant Professor, Department of community health, school of Nursing andMidwifery, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran, Bakhshi Fataneh ,   Assistant professor, social determinants of health research center, School of health, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran, Kazemnezhad leili Ehsan ,   Associate Professor, Biostatistics, Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
Published: October 2023

Introduction: Feelings of loneliness and attitudes toward ageing in the elderly are associated with physical and psychological problems and increase the need for care services. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate the factors related to feelings of loneliness and attitudes toward ageing in the elderly referred to centers covered by the country's pension fund Methods and materials: This cross-sectional study was performed on 235 elderly people covered by the Rasht State Pension Fund who were selected by proportionate stratified sampling. Data were collected using a demographic information checklist, Social and Emotional. Loneliness Scale for Adults (SELSA-S) and Aging Attitude Questionnaire (AAQ). Data analysis was performed using descriptive statistics, Spearman correlation coefficient, Mann-Whitney, Kruskal-Wallis tests, and multiple linear regression model. Results:The majority of samples (52.3%) were in the age range of 60 to 64 years. 53.6% of them were male and 93.2% were married. 51.1% had high school diploma. The mean scores of loneliness and attitudes toward ageing were 6.0 ±27.7and 7.3± 81.1 respectively. loneliness score was different based on education (P = 0.004), monthly income (P = 0.017) and interacting with others (P = 0.035) and attitudes towards was statistically significant different based on age (P = 0.002), post-retirement employment (P = 0.044), living status (P = 0.005), use of psychiatric drugs (P = 0.008) and interacting with others (P = 0.043) . Also, after adjusting the effects of individual-social variables using multiple linear regression, the attitude toward ageing was considered as a predictor of loneliness (B=-0.22, CI95% ;-0.33 to -0.11, P=0.001). Conclusion: Attitudes toward ageing are one of the predictors of loneliness in the elderly. Therefore, by modifying some demographic factors and designing interventions and educational programs, it is possible to change the attitude towards ageing and reduce the feeling of loneliness in the elderly.
Understanding Family-centered Care and Related Factors From the Perspective of Mothers of Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder
Authors:   Nursing (MSN), School of Nursing and Midwifery, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran., Feizi Mangoodehi Neda , Mirhadyan Leila ,   Instructor, Department of Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran., Mosaffa Khomami Homa ,   Assistant Professor, Department of Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran., Kazemnezhad Leili Ehsan ,   Associate Professor, Department of Biostatistics, Social Determinants of Health Research Center (SDHRC), Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran.
Published: October 2023

Introduction: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) presents numerous challenges for families with affected children due to communication and social interaction difficulties. Adopting a family-centered care approach can enhance the quality of care and increase the satisfaction of families seeking medical services for children with ASD. Objective: This study aims to assess the status of family-centered care and its related factors among mothers of children with ASD in Rasht City, Iran. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional analytical study was conducted on 183 mothers of children with ASD in Rasht, utilizing a census approach at Guilan Welfare Centres in September 2020. Data collection tools involved questionnaires on individual-family characteristics and the measure of processes of care, a 20-item questionnaire, which was validated and reliable. Descriptive and inferential statistics, including the Pearson test, independent t-test, analyses of variance, and multiple linear regression, were used for data analysis. Results: Out of 183 participants (69.31%), met the study criteria most mothers held a diploma (41%) and were housewives (74.3%). The scores for “empowerment and partnership” and “general information” aspects were below mean score, while “specific information”, “comprehensiveness and coordination” of services, and “respect and support” aspects received scores above mean score. The aspect of “specific information” received the highest score (55.4±16.2), while the “general information” aspect received the lowest (45.3±88.1). The regression model revealed that the child’s gender (B=-0.58, 95% CI, -1.07% to 0.001%, P=0.001), sufficiency of health insurance (B=-1.19, 95% CI, -2.17% to -0.21%, P=0.017), and severity of ASD (B=-1.25, 95% CI, -2.46% to -0.04%, P=0.042) significantly influenced empowerment and participation, general information, and specific information aspects. The family residence also impacted the aspect of respect and support (B=-1.24, 95% CI, 0.57% to 1.17%, P=0.001). Conclusion: The study findings revealed that mothers’ understanding of family-centered care in empowerment/participation and general information was below mean score. This finding highlights the importance of focusing on family-oriented approaches while providing services and care to families with children with ASD.
Nonpharmacological Methods Used for Dyspnea Management by Individuals With Lung Cancer
Authors:   Lecturer, Department of Nursing, School of Health, Trakya University Kesan Hakkı Yörük, Edirne, Turkey., Özbudak Gizem , Yıldırım Yasemin ,   Professor, Internal Medicine Nursing, School of Nursing, Ege University Izmir, Turkey.
Published: October 2023

Introduction: Dyspnea, one of the most common symptoms in individuals with lung cancer, affects the patient’s quality of life and functions. Objective: This study aimed to determine nonpharmacological methods lung cancer patients use for dyspnea management and to evaluate their opinions, needs, and preferences regarding these methods Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 60 patients were included. They were treated in an outpatient chemotherapy unit and agreed to participate. The study data were collected using the “patient self-description form”, “verbal rating scale”, “dyspnea frequency determination form”, and “dyspnea management form”. Descriptive statistics, the chi-square test, and the Kruskal-Wallis test were used to analyze the obtained data. The significance level was considered <0.05. Results: The study samples comprised 65% males and 35% females with a Mean±SD age of 63.6±1.73 years. The Mean±SD verbal rating scale score of the patients was 5.2±2.6 (from 0 to 10), and the frequency rates of dyspnea were as follows: 48.3% “a few times a week”, 26.7% “a few times every day”, 10% “less than once a week”, 8.3% “once a week”, and 6.7% “all the time”. As a result of the study, it was found that the methods of slowing down (96.7%), resting and not exerting effort (93.3%), sitting position, and elevating the head of the bed (90%) were frequently used. Also, it was found that using a fan on the face (25%) and acupuncture (1.7%) were used less frequently. Results also showed female patients used listening to music (P=0.028) and daydreaming (P=0.042) more than male patients. Conclusion: Dyspnea is a common symptom in individuals with lung cancer, but its management is still inadequate, and we know little about effective coping strategies. The factors that most affect the perception of dyspnea are known as physiological factors. Still, it should be remembered that psychological, emotional, and environmental factors are also effective in shortness of breath.
Effect of Progressive Muscle Relaxation Technique on Signs and Symptoms of Premenstrual Syndrome Among Female Nursing Students
Authors:   Assistant Lecturer, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecologic Nursing, School of Nursing, Damanhur University, Elbeheria, Egypt., Ashour Hanan Moustafa , Rizk Mohammed Niven ,   Professor, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecologic Nursing, School of Nursing, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt., Ismail Abdel Aziz Nemat ,   Assistant Professor, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecologic Nursing, School of Nursing, Damanhur University, Elbeheria, Egypt ., Fathy Fathallah Naglaa ,   Assistant Professor, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecologic Nursing, School of Nursing, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.
Published: October 2023

Introduction: Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) stands as one the most prevalent health issues, especially among female university students. The syndrome substantially impacts their quality of life and academic performance. The progressive muscle relaxation technique is a calming method that can help lower anxiety, cultivate a sense of pain control, and divert away from the painful body part. Objective: The study sought to determine the effect of progressive muscle relaxation technique on premenstrual syndrome among female nursing students. Materials and Methods: A quasi-experimental study was conducted on 80 female students (40 students in the study group and 40 in the control group) enrolled in the third and fourth academic years (2020-2021). Students were randomly assigned to either the control or study group using a random number generator program. The progressive muscle relaxation technique was performed 30 minutes daily for 4 weeks. Baseline data were collected from all students. The premenstrual syndrome scale assessed the intensity of PMS before and after the intervention. Data analysis was performed using the chi-square test, the student t-test, the Monte Carlo test, the Mann-Whitney test, and the marginal homogeneity test. P<0.05 were considered significant. Results: The study found that the Mean±SD age of the study and control group participants were 22.02+0.73 and 21.95+0.67 years, respectively. Also, more than two-thirds of the students in the study and control groups (70% and 67.5%, respectively) were from rural areas. After the intervention, a statistically significant decrease was observed in the intensity of all physical, psychological, and behavioral symptoms among the study group compared to the control group (P<0.05). In addition, the total score of PMS intensity was significantly decreased among the study group after the intervention (P=0.001). In contrast, the total score of the intensity of PMS symptoms was significantly increased in the control group (P=0.034). Conclusion: The study concluded that young adult girls who practiced progressive muscle relaxation techniques exhibited less severe premenstrual syndrome symptoms than those who did not.
COMMERCIALIZATION OF A NEW PRODUCT ON THE MARKET: SYSTEM OF INFLUENCE FACTORS
Authors:   Sumy State University, Khomenko Liliia , Vasylieva Tetiana ,   Education and Research Institute for Business, Economics, and Management of Sumy State University, Nebaba Natalia ,   University of Customs and Finance, Kutsenko Vladislav ,   University of Customs and Finance
Published: October 2023

Commercialization of innovations contributes to the development of market relations and reflects their actual state. Despite the large number of publications on the commercialization of innovations, there are no works on the factors that positive influence to commercialization of innovations. The purpose of the work is the systematization of factors that facilitate to commercialization of innovations. Factors affecting the commercialization of innovations are systematized and divided into several groups: cultural (traditional and local knowledge, attitude to innovations, existing trends in society); market (low level of competition in the industry, readiness of the market to accept innovation, availability of analogues / similar products, etc.); socio-economic (low costs, high profitability of innovative activities, etc.); political (state incentives, state support for scientific, technical and innovative development of companies, low level of corruption, etc.); regulatory (changes in legislation, tax or budget systems, patenting of a newly created product, certification, open innovations, etc.); ecosystem factors (availability and access to resources, etc.); partnership (connections with existing external partners; acquisition of new business models, academic start-ups, presence of clusters and "technological spillovers", etc.); internal (availability of financial and material resources for commercialization of innovation, level of automation and development of business processes, etc.); marketing (marketing opportunities, effective marketing activities during market promotion, etc.). The study's results can be used in the formation of technology policy in developed and developing countries, where the need to encourage cooperation between public and private technology enterprises is the basis for growth and prosperity.
TRADE WAR BETWEEN THE US AND CHINA: SCALE AND CONSEQUENCES FOR THE GLOBAL ECONOMY
Authors:   Vasyl’ Stus Donetsk National University, Savchenko Marina , Tsybuliak Daryna ,   Vasyl’ Stus Donetsk National University, Shemchuk Anastasiia ,   Vasyl’ Stus Donetsk National University
Published: October 2023

The article is devoted to the study of the trade war between the USA and China, its scope and consequences for the world economy. The reasons that led to the escalation of trade conflicts between the two largest world economies are analyzed. The role of tariffs, sanctions and other trade restrictions, which were introduced by both countries within the framework of the escalation of American-Chinese trade relations, is highlighted. The authors compiled a SWOT analysis of trade relations between the United States and China, which made it possible to determine the strengths and weaknesses, opportunities and threats of the economies in the context of worsening trade relations. Based on the authors' chronology of the development of trade relations between the United States and China, the stages of the formation and development of international trade relations in the conditions of competition between countries for sales markets, the stages of the emergence and escalation of trade conflicts, and the stages of increasing the scale of the consequences of trade clashes were substantiated. The analysis of the main indicators of international trade between the USA and China in 1999-2022 allowed the authors to draw conclusions about the intensity of the increase in the strength of trade relations during the studied period, and China's membership in the WTO became a catalyst and ensured an «explosion of trade between countries». This jump in imports is partly due to China's leading position in global value chains. An analysis of the impact of trade restrictions on exports and imports of both countries, as well as on global supply chains and world trade in general, has been carried out. The impact of the trade war on commodity prices, GDP growth, and investment activity has been studied. The consequences of the trade war for the USA and China are substantiated, which made it possible to determine the most vulnerable sectors of the economy due to the tension in trade relations. Opportunities and challenges arising as a result of the conflict have been identified. Possible ways of resolving the conflict and its consequences for international trade and the geopolitical situation are analyzed. Therefore, the resolution of the conflict and the search for a compromise are key factors for easing the tension and reducing the negative consequences for the world economy. Settlement of the trade conflict and preservation of an open and fair international trade order are important for the stable development of the global economy.
RECOVERY AND REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT OF UKRAINE AFTER THE WAR WITH RUSSIA
Authors:   Khmelnitskiy National University, Pukhalska Yana
Published: October 2023

The military action was the main cause for Ukrainian economy restructuration. It was defined that active fighting has put a lot of changing; first of all we are talking about a stalling in Ukraine of different sectors of the economy or its even stop business activity completely. Ukrainian economy is in a crisis state and now the same trend continues. Moreover, the set of negative factors, which have appeared since the beginning of the war, include decline in employment and capacity to pay of citizens, lack of effectiveness and tested by the experience of realization mechanism of fiscal, monetary, currency politics in the context of war lack of opportunities in forecasting of social and economic indicators and, in addition, total increase of risks around business environment and citizens etc. Accordingly, in the context when we have constantly decline of industrial and economic activities and decrease of business activity, the Government have only one priority vector of activity – it is research the way for economic stabilization and postwar recovery. So, these aspects and difficulty of the events in Ukraine acknowledge the relevance of problematic. The article is devoted to the analysis prospects post-war recovery of Ukrainian economy, which were studied based on its actual state and function trends of domestic economic under fullscale war. Comparison, methods of abstraction, analysis and generalization are the research methods which were used in the article. In this science paper the influence of war on social and economic process in Ukraine, general state of domestic Ukrainian economy was indicated; as well as, еthe essence of post-war recovery was determined. Moreover, authors were confirmed that post-war recovery is a difficult, multi-vectors process, which have a specific aim – relaunching the economy, in particular the sectors that had practically ceased to be active as a result of full-scale war. The prospects and specifics of post-war economy recovery were defined based on analysis.