bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An Analogue Study to Examine the Potency of Group Metacognitive Therapy on OCD Symptoms Among Subclinical OCRD Subjects in Government Head Quarters Hospital at Erode
Authors:   Professor, Mental Health Nursing Department, The Tamilnadu Dr.M.G.R. Medical University, Chennai, Dhanvantri College of Nursing Pallakkapalayam, Namakkal, Tamilnadu, India, Sampoornam  , Kanaga  ,   MSc(N) II Year, Dhanvantri College of Nursing Pallakkapalayam, Namakkal, Tamilnadu, India
Published: January 2022

Context: The analogue study involves subjects that are analogous or similar to the actual clinical phenomena of interest. In this study subjects with very mild symptoms of OCD were tested. Aim: The present study aimed to examine and compare the potency of Group Metacognitive Therapy on OCD Symptoms among Subclinical OCRD Subjects between experimental and control group. Methods: An analogue experimental design was used in this study. Simple random sampling technique was used for selecting 50 samples, in which 25 samples in experimental group and 25 in control group. The tools used for the study were background variables and Yale-brown Obsessive –Compulsive Scale (Y-Boc). Group Metacognitive Therapy was intervened for 4 weeks, with duration of 30-45 minutes. Findings: Results revealed that Paired‘t’ test value within the experimental group (pretest and posttest) showed statistical significance (t = 9.85) among subclinical OCRD subjects. Paired t test value within the control group (pretest and posttest) showed not quite statistical significance (t = 2.00) among subclinical OCRD subjects. Unpaired t test value (between experimental and control group) showed statistical significance (t = 8.23). Based on posttest OCD symptoms mean scores (Mean=5.24), experimental group showed reduced OCD symptoms compared with control group posttest OCD symptoms mean scores (Mean=7.96).The study findings revealed that administration of group metacognitive therapy were significant in reducing OCD symptoms among subclinical OCRD subjects. This analogue study had statistically proved the significant potency of Group Metacognitive Therapy by curtailing and scaling down the very mild symptoms of OCD.
Incidence of complications of trans radial access for coronary intervention
Authors:   University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan, Khan Iqra Hamid , Hanif Asif ,   University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan, Ashraf Tahira ,   University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
Published: January 2022

Background: Common site of coronary intervention is Femoral artery due to its larger diameter and ease of puncture but it had certain complications but due to certain complications Radial approach has paved its way with the progression of better and successful coronary interventions with less complications. Objective: To check safety and observe complications from the radial approach in patients undergoing coronary intervention. Methodology: Data of 100 patients who underwent PCI by trans-radial approach was collected. Study included the procedural success, vascular complications, major cardiac events and other associated complications during hospitalization. After the informed consent was taken from the patient, few observations were made prior to the coronary intervention and a few complications were to be noticed peri-procedural and rest complications were observed after follow up of patient. Results: A total of 100 consecutive patients were included in the study. Mean age of patients was Mean age of the patients was 53.7 ± 11.8 years old. Gender distribution include 79% Male and 21% Female. 53.65+11.84 years. Hematoma (21%), Nausea/Vomit (31%), Pain at site of PCI (52%), Hand Ischemia (2%), major bleeding (1%) while 14% Minor bleeding and 7% Myocardial Infarction and no reported Deaths were detected from trans radial access during Percutaneous Coronary Intervention. Conclusion: Trans radial route is relatively safe and tend to have less complications than Trans femoral for PCI. The occurrence of less complications and early mobilization of patient makes trans radial ideal approach for PCI.
The Most Common Microbial agents of Urinary Infection and Pattern of Antibiotical Sensitivity in Patients Referred to the Central Laboratory of ShahreKord
Authors:   Infectious Diseases Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi Hospital, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran, Ayatollahi Jamshid , Mohammadi Fatemeh ,   Medical Student, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran, Mousavi Seyed Alireza ,   Infectious Diseases Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi Hospital, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran, Hamidfar Mahdie ,   Infectious Diseases Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi Hospital, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran, Shahcheraghi Seyed Hossein ,   Infectious Diseases Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi Hospital, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
Published: January 2022

Urinary tract infections (UTI) are the second common infections, worldwide after respiratory infections. So understanding causes and treatment of these infections is necessary to prevent complications. The aim of this study was to investigate common microbial causes of UTI and antibiotic sensitivity pattern of patients referred to the central laboratory of ShahreKord city during 2020. This study was as descriptive and cross-sectional. Data collection was based on the data of the registry of positive samples of urinary tract infections and based on the studies performed in the laboratory, in terms of the type of pathogen and the type of antibiotic. Data were based on name, age, sex, test result, type of bacteria, and pattern of drug resistance or susceptibility. Finally, SPSS software (version 22) was applied for analyzing. Results showed that 8.2% tests were positive. More positive tests were in the summer season. Escherichia coli had the highest frequency. The lowest resistance was related to gentamicin and the highest resistance was related to ampicillin. Therefore, it is vital that ampicillin consumption should be decreased in urinary infection caused by Escherichia coli in ShahreKord.
Prevalence of Mental cognitive impairment disorder among the general public of Karachi and its associated factor
Authors:   Dow Medical College, Karachi, Pakistan, Ali Dua Ahmed , Ali Iqra Ahmed ,   Liaquat University of Medical and Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan, Afnan Baddar Hina ,   Dow Medical College, Karachi, Pakistan, Abiha Umme-e ,   Dow Medical College, Karachi, Pakistan, Arif Afreen Muhammad ,   Dow Medical College, Karachi, Pakistan
Published: January 2022

Mental cognition impairment disorder is more prevalent among older people. It causes memory disturbance and hinders the daily life work of people. Research data is needed to know the prevalence of mental cognitive impairment disorder among general population. Dara was collected within 10 days 25 to 5 September from general population of Karachi through online questionnaire. Information was collected regarding gender, age, gender, profession, using cellphone, having cellphone, snoring, smoking, diabetes, and hypertension. This study is aimed to identify the prevalence of mental cognitive impairment disorder among general population of Karachi and identify associated vulnerable groups and factors. around 25.8% of respondents reported normal cognition, 70.8% reported moderate cognition and 3.5% reported severe cognition. Majority of respondents belong to 20-30 age groups, female, undergraduate education level, students, were having cellphone, were using cellphone. In this research around 25.8% of respondents reported normal cognition, 70.8% reported moderate cognition and 3.5% reported severe cognition. < 20 age group, females, undergraduate education level, having cellphone, non-vegetarian, using cellphone, smoking, snoring was associated with mental cognitive impairment disorder (P<0.05). <30 age group, males, postgraduate education level, hypertension and diabetes are associated with good mental cognition(P<0.05). This study provides information related to vulnerable group need attention regarding mental cognitive impairment disorder and factors associated with it.
Uncompensated metabolic acidosis in Covid-19 patients- treat to prevent intubation
Authors:   Doctor (MBBS), Sindh Infectious Diseases Hospital NIPA, Karachi, Pakistan, Rizvi Syed Asad Hasan ,   Dow Medical College, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan, Syed Bushra ,   Undergraduate student (MBBS), Dr. Ruth K.M. Pfau Civil Hospital Karachi, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan, Ghori Mariam ,   Undergraduate student (MBBS), Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Centre, Jinnah Sindh Medical University, Karachi, Pakistan
Published: January 2022

The COVID-19 pandemic has affected 245,373,039 people globally with a death toll bearing 4,979,421 deaths to date [1]. It can be a cause of life-threatening metabolic acidosis that merits discussion [2]. Approximately 79.7% COVID affected individuals suffer acid-base disproportion [2]. According to a study, 2.8% of this total percentage is attributed to metabolic acidosis with 100% mortality at the end of follow up [2]. Various risk factors predispose a patient with COVID-19 to metabolic acidosis. SARS-CoV-2 infection is associated with grievous dysregulated inflammation (cytokine storm) involving the lungs [3]. With the engagement of the lung parenchyma, hypoxemia ensues, which increases the risk of fatal metabolic acidosis. Not to forget the role of sepsis in hypoperfusion, eventually inflicting metabolic acidosis. SARS-CoV-2 can directly or via sepsis trigger acute kidney injury giving rise to secondary metabolic acidosis in infected patients. Affected patients are at risk of acute liver failure due to the direct involvement of the liver during active infection which is another cause. Furthermore, in patients with diabetes mellitus who suffer from COVID-19, the use of corticosteroids to treat the infection is a potent inducer of diabetic ketoacidosis that predisposes to metabolic acidosis.
An Autopsy Study of Examination of Neck Injuries & Face, in deaths due to Suicidal Hanging
Authors:   Professor & HOD, Department of Forensic Medicine. TOMCH. Bangalore 562107, India, Rao Dinesh
Published: January 2022

This Study on Injuries to the Neck Structures was conducted on over 634 cases of Suicidal Hanging during the Period 2009 to 2020. The Aim of the Study is to Understand the Damage to the Neck structures Externally and Internally, with Particular Reference to Sternocleimastoid Muscle, Internal Carotid Artery, Thyroid, Cricoid, Laryngeal Cartilage and Hyoid Bone. The Cervical Spine was also Examined for Fractures. The Thyroid Gland and Parotid Gland Were Studied Microscopically. The Ligature Mark changes and the Conjunctiva were Examined. The Changes in complete and Partial Suspension was Examined and Compared. The Neck dissection technique, as advocated by Prinsloo and Gordon was undertaken to study the injuries to the thyro-hyoid complex, strap muscles, carotid vessels, etc. Females Formed the Major Number 62% of cases. In Complete Hanging Injury and Hemorrhages of the Sternocleidomastoid muscles at sterna end was noted in 86% of cases whereas it was recorded in only 8% of cases in Partial Hanging. The protrusion of Tongue and Dribbling of Saliva was well appreciated in 98% and 92% of cases respectively in Complete Hanging,wheras it was appreciated in 38% and 46% respectively, in Partial Hanging cases. The Obliquity of Ligature Mark was well appreciated in All the cases of Complete Hanging whereas it was reported in only 72% cases of Partial Hanging. Capsular & Parenchymal Hemorrhages of the Thyroid and Parotid Gland was reported in 68% cases of Complete Hanging, but only 8% of Partial Hanging reported the Histological Changes. The epithelial structures over the Ligature Mark along its Margins were displaced upwards and downwards in 91% of Complete Hanging whereas it was reported in 29% of Partial Hanging. Hence Understanding the Structural Damage to the Neck is always important to understand the Suicidal Hanging.
The use of virtual telephone clinic in elective foot and ankle follow up
Authors:   Trauma and Orthopaedics Registrar, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Hamstel Rd, Harlow CM20 1QX, United Kingdom, Ahmed Hazem , Teoh Kar ,   Trauma and Orthopaedics Consultant, Foot and Ankle, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Hamstel Rd, Harlow CM20 1QX, United Kingdom
Published: January 2022

Introduction: Virtual clinics have been shown to be safe and cost-effective in many specialties. Many articles have been found in the literature about its usefulness in fracture occasions, but we have not found many discussing its effectiveness in foot and ankle elective cases follow ups. The aim of this audit is to show its safety, clinical outcomes, and complications. Patients and methods: In Princess Alexandra Hospital, UK, we collected data from COSMICS system which contained patient contact details, PACS and case note management system were used to see previous investigations and dictation letters and to check the outcome of the virtual clinic. Results: 292 patients were included, from them 167 were females (57.8%), while 125 were males (42.8%).148 patients were contacted by mobile phones (50.7%), 41 patients (14%) were contacted by landline, and unfortunately 67 patients (22.9%) have not picked the phone. From the 292 patients, 232 (79.5%) patients were dischargedone patient requested to be seen face to face. 40 patients (14%) were listed for being reviewed and 12 patients were listed for surgery (4.1%). 8 patients were listed for having PRP/local anesthetic/ steroid injection. Conclusion: Virtual telephone clinics for elective foot and ankle cases are very effective way for management of busy clinics with long waiting lists provided that it was run safely. We reported from our study the rules by which we run it and many benefits and drawbacks were also highlighted with our recommendations to maximize the gain from it.
Analysis of pelvic and non-pelvic chondrosarcoma postoperative recurrence risk factors in 65 cases among 3 ethnic groups (Han, Uyghur, and other nationalities)
Authors:   Department of Spinal Surgery, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Ningxia Medical University 804 Shengli Street, Xingqing District, Yinchuan, 750004, Ningxia, People’s Republic of China, Jami Sayed Abdulla , Jiandang Shi ,   Department of Spinal Surgery, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Ningxia Medical University 804 Shengli Street, Xingqing District, Yinchuan, 750004, Ningxia, People’s Republic of China, Roy Brotendu Shekhar ,   1st affiliated hospital of Nanchang University, No.17 Yong Wai Zheng Street Donghu District, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, People’s Republic of China, Tanvir M M Sohel ,   Department of Spinal Surgery, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Ningxia Medical University 804 Shengli Street, Xingqing District, Yinchuan, 750004, Ningxia, People’s Republic of China, Hao Liu Chang ,   Department of Spinal Surgery, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Ningxia Medical University 804 Shengli Street, Xingqing District, Yinchuan, 750004, Ningxia, People’s Republic of China
Published: January 2022

Background: Chondrosarcomas are a rare tumor that has a variable biological characteristic, also their treatment clinically and surgically is controversial. So, authors are analyzing the related risk factors of influencing the postoperative recurrence of chondrosarcoma. Methods: Retrospective analysis of clinical data, a total of 65 cases of chondrosarcoma were collected from January 2002 to June 2016 in our hospital database and divided into 2 groups (pelvic and non-pelvic chondrosarcoma) with 3 ethnic class (Han, Uyghur, and other nationalities) of Chinese people. The clinical characteristics and prognostic risk factors of chondrosarcoma recurrence were analyzed by different statistic methods. Results: The age, sex, nationality, surgical method, pathological grade and Enneking stage of chondrosarcoma patients were not significantly correlated with postoperative recurrence (P>.05); but the site of tumor growth was significantly correlated with postoperative recurrence (P<0.001). Cox regression model multivariate analysis showed that tumor growth site was an independent factor influencing postoperative recurrence of chondrosarcoma, and the risk of postoperative recurrence of pelvic chondrosarcoma was 3.610 times higher than non-pelvic chondrosarcoma. Conclusion: The recurrence rate of pelvic chondrosarcoma was significantly higher than non-pelvic chondrosarcoma.
Pertrochanteric Fractures in the Elderly: Is the Severity of Fracture Pattern associated with age and an increased rate of mortality?
Authors:   Orthopedic Surgery Department, Kaplan Medical center, Rehovot, Israel affiliated to the Faculty of Medicine the Herbrew University, Jerusalem, Israel, Hoyem Kirstine Husum , Oron Amir ,   Orthopedic Surgery Department, Kaplan Medical center, Rehovot, Israel affiliated to the Faculty of Medicine the Herbrew University, Jerusalem, Israel, Rozinsky Philip ,   Orthopedic Surgery Department, Kaplan Medical center, Rehovot, Israel affiliated to the Faculty of Medicine the Herbrew University, Jerusalem, Israel, Kosashvili Yona ,   Orthopedic Surgery Department, Kaplan Medical center, Rehovot, Israel affiliated to the Faculty of Medicine the Herbrew University, Jerusalem, Israel
Published: January 2022

Purpose: This study was aimed at assessing whether there is a correlation between age and pertrochanteric femur fracture severity and if this may be tied to mortality at a 1-year interval. Background: Pertrochanteric hip fractures are a common low energy fractures and represent a major cause of morbidity and mortality in the elderly population. To date, association of a worse fracture pattern to loss of Bone Mineral Density has not been proven. We set out to assess whether fracture severity may be tied to age in this specific patient population. Methods: From May 2010 to January 2013, we retrospectively collected the data of all patients (>60 years old) sustaining a low energy pertrochanteric fracture which were admitted at the Kaplan Medical Center. The following parameters were collected and evaluated: (1) demographics, (2) fracture pattern, (3) time from admission to surgery, (4) time from surgery to mortality. Results: We included 578 fractures in the study. These were divided into 4 groups according to age. We analyzed the data using a Spearman's rho correlation and Pearson Chi-Square Test but found no significant difference in fracture stability with increase in age. For the 544 fractures that were operated on at Kaplan Medical Center we found that 1-year mortality was significantly higher with increasing age (p=0.000) and male sex (p=0.001). With every additional patient year, the mortality risk rose by 8.3%. Moreover, the relative mortality risk in the male patients of our cohort was 1.93 as compared to the female ones. Fracture severity and time from admission to surgery were not found to have a significant effect on mortality. Conclusions: Statistically the pertrocanteric fracture severity classified after the AO does not correlate with the age or one-year mortality of the patient. The one-year mortality rate was significant higher with increased age and male sex.
Anterior cervical osteophytic “giant beak-like lesion” causing dysphagia
Authors:   Department of Orthopedics, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla, Thailand, Liawrungrueang Wongthawat , Chamnan Rattanaporn ,   Department of Orthopedics, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla, Thailand, Chaiyamongkol Weera ,   Department of Orthopedics, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla, Thailand, Bintachitt Piyawat ,   Department of Orthopedics, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla, Thailand
Published: January 2022

Large anterior cervical osteophytes can occur during degenerative cervical disease, a condition called Diffuse Idiopathic Skeletal Hyperostosis (DISH), which can cause mechanical compression of the pharyngoesophageal area causing dysphagia. Both conditions are very rare. Here we present the case of an 81-year-old male who presented with progressive dysphagia due to a giant beak-like osteophytic lesion anterior to the C3 and C4 vertebral spine causing compression of the pharyngoesophageal segment. The patient declined treatment by anterior cervical osteophytectomy and accepted the possible complications such as progressive dysphagia.
Spinal Epidural Abscess in Neonate: A Case Report
Authors:   Department of Orthopaedics, Hopsital Pakar Sultanah Fatimah, Muar, Johor, Malaysia, Tiw ZS , Wan Zainuddin WAR ,   Department of Orthopaedics, Hopsital Pakar Sultanah Fatimah, Muar, Johor, Malaysia, Esmat SM ,   Department of Orthopaedics, Hopsital Pakar Sultanah Fatimah, Muar, Johor, Malaysia, Razip S ,   Department of Orthopaedics, Hopsital Pakar Sultanah Fatimah, Muar, Johor, Malaysia
Published: January 2022

Incidence of the spinal epidural abscess is rare in neonates [1,2]. Despite no associated specific signs and symptoms, this condition usually commonly presented with neurological deficits. Case Report: A case of the spinal epidural abscess is reported, who initially present with nonspecific signs and symptoms and reduced bilateral lower limb movement for months. Magnetic resonance imaging was done for this case, and the results showed T4 to T8 spondylodiscitis with paravertebral enhancing collection causing cord compression. Antituberculosis treatment was started for this patient for a duration of 6 weeks. The patient underwent spinal decompression with drainage. Conclusion: Surgical intervention is generally warranted in cases involving spinal instability, worsening neurological symptoms, and inadequate response to pharmacological treatment.
Radiographic Analysis Comparison of Cervical Alignment After Variable Level of Anterior Cervical Discectomy and Fusion (ACDF)
Authors:   Department of Orthopedics, Nakornping Hospital, Chiang Mai, Thailand, Sornsa-ard Tuanrit , Sribunditkul Siripoj ,   Department of Orthopedics, Nakornping Hospital, Chiang Mai, Thailand, Vasutara Thananthorn ,   Department of Orthopedics, Nakornping Hospital, Chiang Mai, Thailand, Liawrungrueang Wongthawat ,   Department of Orthopedics, Nakornping Hospital, Chiang Mai, Thailand,   Department of Orthopedics, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla, Thailand
Published: January 2022

Background: To compare the radiographic cervical lordosis alignment between pre-operative and post-operative surgery after variable level of anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) .In the current review, the standard surgical treatment of cervical spondylotic myelopathy is ACDF the restoration and maintenance of cervical lordosis alignment is an important clinical parameter after single level or multilevel anterior cervical discectomy and fusion. The increase or decrease cervical lordosis alignment is affected by the sagittal vertical axis and balance. Methods: This study was performed a retrospective radiographic analysis of 147 patients who underwent single to multilevel ACDF (Total N= 147; 1-level (N=36), 2-level (N=60), 3-level (N=42) and 4-level (N=9)) by orthopedic spine surgeons and neurosurgeons between 2016 and 2018. The authors measured the cervical lordosis alignment of the cervical spine using the Cobb method (Inferior endplate of C2 to inferior endplate of C7) at pre-operative and post-operative surgery. Radiographs were measured by three orthopedic doctor viewers. Statistical analysis were performed using R software. Results: The radiographic analysis comparison of cervical alignment after ACDF was showed the results that cervical lordosis alignment had no significantly change of decreased cervical lordosis alignment at pre-op mean 14.88°(± 8.66) and initial post-op mean 13.01°(±7.65) in all level of ACDF. Conclusions: The radiographic analysis of variable level anterior cervical discectomy and fusion in single to multilevel (1-level, 2-level, 3-level and 4-level) has no significantly change in cervical lordosis alignment after initial postop surgery.
Recommendations management of preoperative nasopharyngeal swab screening before non-urgent/elective spine surgery during COVID-19 Situation
Authors:   Department of Orthopedics, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla, Thailand, Liawrungrueang Wongthawat ,   Department of Orthopedics, Nakornping Hospital, Chiang Mai, Thailand, Sornsa-ard uanrit ,   Department of Orthopedics, Nakornping Hospital, Chiang Mai, Thailand, Niramitsantiphong Anugoon ,   Department of Orthopedics, Nakornping Hospital, Chiang Mai, Thailand, Sribunditkul Siripoj ,   Department of Orthopedics, Nakornping Hospital, Chiang Mai, Thailand
Published: January 2022

The coronavirus outbreak has been labeled as a pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO) in March 2020. The patient who was taken non-urgent/elective spine surgery should receive the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) nasopharyngeal (NP) swab for RT-PCR test to prevent the nosocomial cross-infection before surgery. However, there are no standard protocols for preoperative nasopharyngeal swab management for non-urgent/elective spine surgery. This article aims to propose the recommendations of preoperative NP swab for RT-PCR test before non-urgent/elective spine surgery, type of personal protective equipment (PPE) and algorithm for management in COVID-19 situation.
Effects of COVID-19 Quarantine on patients affect of hip osteoarthritis in list for joint replacement
Authors:   Orthopaedic and Trauma Department, “Luigi Sacco” Hospital, ASST FBF-Sacco, Milan, Italy, Grassi M , Larghi MM ,   School of Medicine and Residency Program in Orthopaedics, Università degli studi di Milano, Milan, Italy, Placenza E ,   School of Medicine and Residency Program in Orthopaedics, Università degli studi di Milano, Milan, Italy, Faugno L ,   School of Medicine and Residency Program in Orthopaedics, Università degli studi di Milano, Milan, Italy, Rampulla C ,   School of Medicine and Residency Program in Orthopaedics, Università degli studi di Milano, Milan, Italy, Manzotti A ,   Orthopaedic and Trauma Department, “Luigi Sacco” Hospital, ASST FBF-Sacco, Milan, Italy
Published: January 2022

Background: The emergency caused by COVID-19 Pandemia has resulted in a complete suspension and consequent delay of common planned surgery such total hip replacement in patients affect by osteoarthritis. At the same time, the issue of the quarantine imposed changes to the normal lifestyle of these patients. The purpose of our study is to evaluate how the presence of these two factors affect the quality of live of patients living in the Italian red zone. Methods: From outpatient pre-operative assessment we collect data about: demographic data, WOMAC score, NRS (Numeric rating scale 0-10), PCS SF12 and MCS SF12 score. Selected patients were therefore contacted by telephone call and re-assess using the same score. In addition, patients were asked if they intended to undergo the planned surgery again despite the current emergency. Results: 14 patient have been recruited for the study. Male/female ration was 10/4, mean age was 70 years. Pre operative outpatient assessment mean WOMAC score was 44,86 (SD ± 8,52) , mean NRS was 8,07 (SD ± 1,33), PCS SF12 was 30,33 (SD ± 5,0) and MCS SF12 was 40,95 (SD ± 3,51). At re-evalutation the mean WOMAC score was 32,86 (SD ± 17,88) , mean NRS was 5,79 (SD ± 3,66), PCS SF12 was 39,9 (SD ± 3,70) and MCS SF12 was 50,14 (SD ± 6,86). Conclusion: The exceptionale pandemic from Covid-19 has profoundly changed our lifestyle, impacting normal daily activities but also on regular surgical activity in patients affected by osteoarthritis. Our study suggested that the lifestyle changes imposed by the situation led to an improvement of clinical score. This shows how an exceptional event can affect many aspects of daily life.
Unilateral spinal motion segment rotational deformity causing foraminal stenosis
Authors:   Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand, Connor Fitz-Gerald , Niels Hammer ,   Department of Macroscopic and Clinical Anatomy, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria,   Fraunhofer IWU, Medical Branch, Dresden, Germany,   Department of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany, David Kieser ,   Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand
Published: January 2022

The objective of this article is to describe for the first time a case of unilateral spinal motion segment rotational deformity causing foraminal stenosis. In this report we present the case of a 43 year old male with multilevel lumbar degeneration who progressively developed an isolated L3/4 rotational deformity leading to symptomatic neural compression from foraminal stenosis. He first presented to our clinic in 2015 and was followed up over the course of four years. The patient failed non-operative treatment and developed increasing L3 radiculopathy and neurological dysfunction for which he had temporary improvement of symptoms after a foraminal epidural steroid injection. He therefore underwent a decompression with no resolution of symptoms and subsequently a lateral interbody fusion that restored foraminal height but not antero-posterior (AP) compression. Subsequent derotation with pedicle screws resulted in an increase in the antero-posterior size and resolution of his symptoms. Unilateral mono-segmental rotational deformity is a cause of foraminal stenosis that should be considered when patients present with radiculopathy. Surgical management should involve restoration of the antero-posterior dimension, which can be achieved with derotation.
The Review literature about Chondroblastoma with a case on Talus bone
Authors:   Department of Spinal Surgery, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Ningxia Medical University 804 Shengli Street, Xingqing District, Yinchuan, 750004, Ningxia, People’s Republic of China, Jami Sayed Abdulla , Mobarak Siam Al ,   First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, People’s Republic of China, Tanvir M M Sohel ,   Department of Spinal Surgery, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Ningxia Medical University 804 Shengli Street, Xingqing District, Yinchuan, 750004, Ningxia, People’s Republic of China, Nosin Syma ,   First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, People’s Republic of China
Published: January 2022

Background: Chondroblastomas are rare bone tumors, which are the cartilaginous origin and account for nearly 1% of all primary bone tumors. It can affect people of all ages. Chondroblastomas arising in the talus are very rare and are known to have less aggressive behavior. Methods: 11 authors, a total of 572 patient data with our talus case, were analyzed for this review literature. Here is the mentioning of epidemiological and clinical information, radiological details, surgery type, adjuvants types, genders, follow-up years, recurrence, affected areas, death rates, successful outcome, MSTS functionality scores, and survival rates by analyzing all data. Result: Chondroblastoma was treated by curettage and bone grafting during surgical procedures. This procedure is curative in 90% of cases. There was no recurrence in this study case of the talus. Also, the MSTS functionality score for CB averages 90% more in most of the author’s literature, and 0% death rate was reported. Conclusion: We believe that chondroblastoma of the talus bone should be considered among the differential diagnosis whenever a neoplastic cause is being considered as the underlying pathologic entity. We present a review of the literature detailing their occurrence, radiological findings, and treatments and to report functional outcomes after treatments, which have been rarely documented in a large series.
Hip Fractures during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Our Experience in a General Hospital in Singapore
Authors:   Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Changi General Hospital, 2 Simei Street 3 Singapore 529889, Pagkaliwagan Eric Hernandez , Thor Jessica Eng Hsia ,   Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Changi General Hospital, 2 Simei Street 3 Singapore 529889, Yeo Andy Kuei Siong ,   Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Changi General Hospital, 2 Simei Street 3 Singapore 529889, Loh James Sir Young ,   Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Changi General Hospital, 2 Simei Street 3 Singapore 529889, King Charles Kon Kam ,   Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Changi General Hospital, 2 Simei Street 3 Singapore 529889
Published: January 2022

Introduction: Corona Virus 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has spread rapidly and has caused overwhelming stress in healthcare systems worldwide. While the main focus of most healthcare systems are on measures in dealing with COVID19 cases, we aimed to look at making essential services available for non-COVID-19 patients and to describe our experience in handling proximal femoral fractures in the elderly patients in Singapore. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed cases of hip fracture surgeries on patients ages 65 years old and above at a single institution from 1 January 2020 – 30 April 2020. Results: The study had a total of 153 cases of hip fracture surgeries. The patients had a mean age of 82 years old (65-107) with 30% (46) males and 70% (107) females. There were 48% (74) neck of femur fractures and 51% (79) intertrochanteric fractures. Conclusion: Preparations for future pandemics should include measures to handle vulnerable group of patients such as elderly patients with Hip fractures. Maintaining optimized care, ensuring good outcomes and preventing mortality from these non-COVID-19 patients should still be maintained while maintaining protection and preventing burn out of the healthcare staff.
Major Lower Extremity Amputations due to Diabetes Mellitus Complications
Authors:   Department of Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery, Patan Academy of Health Sciences, Patan Hospital, Lalitpur, Nepal, Devkota Pramod , Ahmad Shiraz ,   Department of Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery, Suri Seri Begawan Hospital, Kuala Belait, Brunei
Published: January 2022

Background: Lower limbs ulcers and wounds, Charcot foot with the presence of peripheral neuropathy or peripheral vascular disease are common complications of the diabetes mellitus (DM). Major extremity amputations (below and above knee) are one of the common surgical procedures performed due to DM complications. Objective: To review the amputations performed due to diabetes mellitus (DM) complications with other associated illness, commonly isolated bacteria, and the demography of the patients in a public general hospital. Materials and Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the cases of above and below the knee amputations due to DM complications from January 2012 to December 2016. The age, gender, duration of DM anyone having, bacteria isolated, vascular condition of the lower limbs, other diseases anyone having, post-surgery wound conditions and status of the ambulation after surgery were analyzed. Results: A total of 53 amputations of the limbs of 51 patients were performed. Below knee amputations were performed on 43 (81.83%) limbs and male gender were 35(68.62%). The mean age of the patient was 57.6±12.01 years (range 31-91 years). The three most common bacteria isolated were Klebsiella pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus, Enterobacter cloacae. About 85% of these bacteria were sensitive to commonly used first line of antibiotics like co-amoxiclav and ciprofloxacin. Fifty cases (98.03%) had diabetes for more than five years. End stage renal disease (ESRD) and ischaemic heart disease (IHD) were the other common co-morbidities observed. Conclusion: Major lower limb amputations (below and above the knee) due to uncontrolled blood sugar are common surgical procedures performed on DM. Majority of the bacteria were sensitive to commonly used first line of antibiotics but still 15% were not sensitive and bacteria isolation, sensitivity with the drugs were also important for the treatment of the infection.
Outcome of percutaneous locked plating of extra-articular distal tibial metaphyseal fractures
Authors:   Associate Professor of Orthopaedic Surgery, Orthopedic Department, Mansoura University, Faculty of Medicine, Egypt, Abed Yasser Youssef , Arafa Mohamed ,   Resident of Orthopaedic Surgery, Orthopedic Department, Mansoura University, Faculty of Medicine, Egypt
Published: January 2022

Introduction: Management of fractures involving the distal tibial metaphysis is one of the most challenging and controversial issue due to poor soft tissue envelop. Multiple different fixation modalities are available with different outcome. Percutaneous plating of the distal tibia fracture is gaining more popularity due to minimal interruption of the fracture biology and favorable functional and radiological outcomes. Purpose: To evaluate the functional and radiological outcome of management of distal tibia extra articular metaphyseal fractures using locked plates with Minimally Invasive Plate Osteosynthesis (MIPO) technique. Methods: Twenty four patients with extra- articular distal tibia metaphyseal fractures were operated with locked compression plates using MIPO technique. They were followed up at regular intervals. Functional and radiological results were evaluated at the end of follow up. Results: All fractures united at average time of 12.21 weeks (range; 8-20 weeks). Postoperatively, two patients developed deep infection and two patients developed malunion. Mean AOFAS score was excellent 90.6 points (range: 52-100) at last follow up. Conclusion: MIPO technique using distal tibia locked plating is an effective procedure for fixation of distal tibia extra-articular metaphyseal fractures. It provides near anatomical fracture reduction with sufficient stability and preservation of the blood supply to the fracture fragments. It provides excellent functional results with acceptable rate of complications.
The electrocardiogram (ECG) made easy for orthopaedic surgeons
Authors:   Aljazeera Cardiac Center, Aljazeera hospital, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Soliman Wafaa S. , Ahmed Esraa M. ,   Qena faculty of medicine, South Valley university, Qena, Egypt, Ansary Eslam M. ,   Qena faculty of medicine, South Valley university, Qena, Egypt, Hussien Sarah M. ,   Qena faculty of medicine, South Valley university, Qena, Egypt, Khalifa Ahmed A. ,   Qena faculty of medicine, South Valley university, Qena, Egypt,   Orthopaedic Department, Qena faculty of medicine and University Hospital, South valley university, Qena, Egypt
Published: January 2022

Evaluation and interpretation of an electrocardiogram (ECG) is not formally included in the surgical residencies teaching curriculum, at least in our area. In this review, we aimed to discuss some of the basic ECG principles that could enable an orthoapedic surgeon to perform an initial assessment of an ECG trace paper and report on the ECG appearance of some common postoperative cardiovascular complications. Some reports have been published about surgeons' capability in dealing with an ECG trace paper. Since a subset of patients going under different surgical procedures being old and fragile with more susceptibility to postoperative cardiovascular complications, even in the absence of a history of cardiovascular comorbidity. Having the necessary knowledge regarding ECG assessment, a surgeon could suspect or diagnose these complications. In this review, we explained the basic concepts of cardiac electrophysiology, the typical components of an ECG trace paper, and a systematic approach to interpreting. We provided some of the commonly encountered postoperative cardiovascular complications and their appearance in the ECG trace paper. As we believe that orthoapedic surgeons should master basic ECG interpretation skills, this review will serve as an opportunity and a guide to understanding the essential components and concepts of an ECG trace paper.
Forefoot infection by Staphylococcus lugdunensis following a stonefish sting: A case report
Authors:   Orthopaedic and Trauma Department, ASST Fatebenefratelli Sacco, University Hospital “Luigi Sacco”, Via GB Grassi, 74, Grassi M ,   Milan, 20157, Italy, Brioschi D ,   Orthopaedic and Trauma Department, ASST Fatebenefratelli Sacco, University Hospital “Luigi Sacco”, Via GB Grassi, 74; Milan, 20157, Italy, Placenza E ,   School of Medicine and Residency Program in Orthopaedics, Università degli Studi di Milano, Italy, Larghi MM ,   School of Medicine and Residency Program in Orthopaedics, Università degli Studi di Milano, Italy, Manzotti A ,   Orthopaedic and Trauma Department, ASST Fatebenefratelli Sacco, University Hospital “Luigi Sacco”, Via GB Grassi, 74; Milan, 20157, Italy
Published: January 2022

Several orthopedic injuries caused by marine creatures envenomation have been reported in recent years all around the world, occurring mainly during water sports practice. We reported a case of an Italian tourist who developed an acute forefoot infection by Staphylococcus lugdunensis following a penetrating wound at the plantar region of the fourth toe, caused by a Stonefish, during a session of snorkeling in Indonesia. Diagnosis by microbiological methods, soft tissue and bone biopsy, surgical debridement and administration of antimicrobials led to a successful treatment of this potentially severe infection in this case. From this experience, we suggest to consider this bacterium in the differential diagnosis of bone infection following stonefish envenomation in tropical areas.
Is the operative treatment of displaced diaphyseal forearm fractures in children superior to non-operative treatment? A systematic review of functional outcomes and complications
Authors:   Royal Orthopaedic Hospital Birmingham, United Kingdom, Bleibleh Sabri ,   5 Centre for Trauma Sciences, Blizard Institute, Queen Mary University of London, 4 Newark Street, London, United Kingdom, Ahmed Usman ,   Princess Royal Hospital, Telford, United Kingdom, Malik-Tabassum Khalid ,   Conquest Hospital, Hastings, United Kingdom,   Centre for Trauma Sciences, Blizard Institute, Queen Mary University of London, 4 Newark Street, London, United Kingdom, Akhtar Kash ,   Royal London Hospital, Barts Health NHS Trust, Whitechapel Rd, Whitechapel, United Kingdom,   Centre for Trauma Sciences, Blizard Institute, Queen Mary University of London, 4 Newark Street, London, United Kingdom
Published: January 2022

Background: There has been a rising tendency towards surgical intervention for diaphyseal forearm fractures in children in recent years; however, the literature lacks robust evidence for this. The aim of this systematic review was to identify and critically analyse studies examining the functional outcomes and complications of operative versus non-operative treatments for these common injuries. Materials and Methods: A literature search was performed, using MEDLINE, EMBASE, PubMed, Cochrane Central databases and Google Scholar for relevant articles published between January 2005 and December 2015. Results: 253 studies were identified, of which 23 met the rigorous inclusion and exclusion criteria. No significant differences in functional outcomes between the treatment groups were reported by any of the studies. There was a 21.4% complication rate with operative treatment and a 7.2% complication rate with non-operative treatment. Conclusion: This systematic review demonstrates that there is an increasing tendency towards operative management over non-operative treatment during the last decade, especially in older children and adolescents.
Periprosthetic joint infections: a 20 years retrospective epidemiological study in a single european accademic hospital
Authors:   Orthopaedic and Trauma Department, ASST Fatebenefratelli Sacco, University Hospital “Luigi Sacco”, Via GB Grassi, 74, Manzotti Alfonso ,   Milan, 20157, Italy, Grassi Miriam ,   Orthopaedic and Trauma Department, ASST Fatebenefratelli Sacco, University Hospital “Luigi Sacco”, Via GB Grassi, 74; Milan, 20157, Italy, Larghi Marco Mattia ,   School of Medicine and Residency Program in Orthopaedics, Università degli Studi di Milano, Italy, Moioli Francesca ,   Orthopaedic and Trauma Department, ASST Fatebenefratelli Sacco, University Hospital “Luigi Sacco”, Via GB Grassi, 74; Milan, 20157, Italy, Brioschi Davide ,   Orthopaedic and Trauma Department, ASST Fatebenefratelli Sacco, University Hospital “Luigi Sacco”, Via GB Grassi, 74; Milan, 20157, Italy
Published: January 2022

Introduction: Periprosthetic Joint infections (PJIs) still represent one of the most challenging complications in orthopaedic reconstructive surgery. The aim of our work is to present a retrospective observational analysis with 20 years of follow up of PJIs referred to a single center equipped with a regional referral infectious diseases department. Materials and methods: 368 case of deep PJIs following a primary or revision hip and knee arthroplasty procedure referred to our center between January 1996 and December 2016 were included in the study. Criteria of inclusion in the study was a primary PJI entirely managed in our hospital. We collected demographic data, risk factors, microbiology (identification pathogenic agent), previous surgical treatments, type of implant, diagnostic criteria of infection, type of infection and medical or surgical treatments performed in our institution Results: A total of 200 (54,3%) infection occurs in hip arthroplasty and 168 (45,7%) in knee arthroplasty. Mean age was 64,7 years. The majority were late infections (58,8%). Respectively polymicrobial infections was identified in 83 (22,6%) cases and in 54 (14,7%) patients no isolation was possible. S. Aureus was the most frequently identified pathogen. The major risk factors were hypertension in 254 (69,1%), cardiovascular diseases in 167 (45,7%), obesity in 97 (26,5%) and diabetes mellitus in 92 (25%). Discussion: Epidemiological analysis of PJI in our hospital which collects data relating to the last 20 years, has permitted to obtain a summary of our scenario. Ideal PJI management should include an accurate patient history considering carefully risk factors, patients conditions, and previous surgical procedures ideally in a multispecialist enviroment.