bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of hepatic and renal functional changes in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy
Authors: Nath Snehasish , Hajra Suniti Kumar , Chowdhury Debayan
Published: April 2024

Background: In this era of laparoscopic surgery, with the use of carbon dioxide insufflation in creating pneumoperitoneum for ease of trocar insertion and visualization of anatomy, it comes certain systemic changes in the patient due to the compression effect of the gas as well as resorption of it through peritoneum.
Aims and Objectives: The aim of the study was to assess baseline standards of hepatic and renal functional status in pre-operative patients in comparison with post-operative patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC).
Materials and Methods: Cases were chosen among the persons who presented with chronic calculus cholecystitis to the surgical out-patient department of Ramakrishna Mission Seva Pratishthan, Vivekananda Institute of Medical Sciences, Kolkata. Pre-operative liver function tests (LFT) and renal function tests (RFT) values were recorded. Again, LFT and RFT values were evaluated on post-operative day 1 (POD1) and POD12.
Results: Serum conjugated and unconjugated bilirubin, aspartate amino transaminase, alanine amino transaminase, urea, estimated glomerular filtration rate values increases immediate postoperatively on POD1 but returns to normal pre-operative levels on POD 12. Serum alkaline phosphatase, albumin, and creatinine values decrease on POD1 and return to normal pre-operative values in POD 12.
Conclusion: Hepatic and renal function changes in the immediate post-operative period of 24 h following LC. This change is transient and returns to normal levels within POD 12.
Importance of bone marrow examination in cases of pancytopenia: A morphological study in a tertiary care center
Authors: Deepshikha Verma  , Ranjan Yadav  , Rajnikant Ahirwar  , Pratibha Meena
Published: April 2024

Background: Anemia, leukopenia, and thrombocytopenia are all combined as pancytopenia. It could be a symptom of many diseases that directly or indirectly impact the bone marrow. The cause of pancytopenia, however, differs depending on the location. An essential step in determining the cause of pancytopenia is bone marrow aspiration (BMA).
Aims and Objectives: This study aimed to determine the causes of pancytopenia and the morphology of the bone marrow in pancytopenia patients.
Materials and Methods: This study was carried out over a year in the pathology department of a tertiary care facility in central India. Patients taking chemotherapy or radiation therapy were excluded from the study. Inclusion Criteria: Cases with hemoglobin <10 g/dL, total leukocyte count <4000/mm3, and platelet count <100,000/mm3 were included in this study. The patient’s posterior iliac crest was used for BMA. The Leishman stain was used to color BMA smears for microscopy.
Results: This study comprised 51 cases of pancytopenia, with acute leukemia and megaloblastic anemia accounting for the majority (11 cases each out of 51), followed by dimorphic anemia (10/51), hypocellular marrow (9/51). The clinical symptom of generalized weakness and pallor was present in all instances (100%) and was followed by fatiguability (72%) and dyspnea (48%). The last two least frequent symptoms, lymphadenopathy, and hepatomegaly, were also present in many patients. A significant proportion of pancytopenia individuals experienced lymphadenopathy and hepatomegaly, which were the last two least prevalent appearances.
Conclusion: In most cases, bone marrow aspiration in pancytopenia patients aids in determining the underlying reason. Understanding the illness process, planning future research, and managing cytopenia patients can all benefit from it.
Comparative study of elective cholecystectomy with and without antimicrobial prophylaxis: A prospective randomized study
Authors: Pokhariya BMS
Published: April 2024

Background: Cholecystectomy is one of the most common, clean, and contaminated surgery operations performed by surgeons worldwide. Antibiotic prophylaxis in elective cholecystectomy is a controversial issue and our study was undertaken to evaluate the rate of infection and the usefulness and efficacy of antibiotic prophylaxis in elective cholecystectomies.
Aims and Objectives: The aims and objectives are to study antimicrobial prophylaxis on elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy and to compare surgical site infections (SSI) between the two groups after laparoscopic cholecystectomy with respect to (a) duration of surgery, (b) post-operative pain, (c) complications encountered, and (d) post-operative hospital stay.
Materials and Methods: Patients were randomly divided into the study group (Group A) and the control group (Group B). Antibiotic dose of ceftriaxone + sulbactam 1.5 g will be administered intravenously 2 h before induction of anesthesia for the patients in the study Group A (n=30), and no antibiotic will be administered prophylactically to the control Group B (n=30).
Results: In the study group, one patient developed fever, and in the control Group, 4 patients developed fever. In this study, SSIs were considered. In the study group, two patients (6.67%) developed pus discharge from the port site which was considered superficial infection, and in the control group, five patients (16.67%) developed pus discharge.
Conclusion: Based on our study, in elective cholecystectomy, a single dose of intravenous ceftriaxone + salbactam 1.5 g given before the operative procedure does not lead to a higher SSI rate as compared to the conventionally given antibiotics which are continued postoperatively for a variable length of time.
Oral supplementation of Njansan (Ricinodendron heudelotii Bail) and sardine fillets (Sardina pilchardus) oils alleviate high-fat diet-induced obesity in rats by regulating lipid metabolism and stress oxidative parameters
Authors: Soh Nde Florent  , Ghomdim Nzali Horliane  , Ejoh Aba Richard  , Tchiegang Clergé
Published: April 2024

Background: Obesity has become one of the most common metabolic disorders in the world, characterized by the accumulation of excess fat in the body. Research into natural compounds to improve obesity has become increasingly important.
Aims and Objectives: The aim of the study was to explore the effects of Sardina pilchardus and Ricinodendron heudelotii oils on the management of obesity.
Materials and Methods: Njansan (R. heudelotii) oil was extracted by cold pressing using an automatic oil press machine and Sardine fish oil by a cooking method. To evaluate the anti-obesity effect of these oils, six groups of six male Wistar rats were fed different diets: C0 group received a normal diet; HFD was fed a high-fat diet; N1, N2, F1 and F2 followed by a high-fat diet supplemented with njansan and sardine oils at 1 g/kg body weight/day and 2 g/kg body weight/day, respectively.
Results: There was an increase in body weight, relative abdominal fat, and liver weight in the HFD group compared to the control group. There was also a decrease in anthropometric parameters such as the Lee index of the HFD group treated with njansan and fish oils, regardless of the concentration. The hyperlipidemic state in the HFD-fed rats was then normalized after treatment with both oils as well as hyperglycemia compared to the control group. Besides, fish and njansan oils attenuated HFD-induced oxidative stress, as indicated by a significant increase CA and superoxide dismutase.
Conclusion: This study demonstrated that njansan oils at a low daily dose (1 g/kg body weight) can be helpful in managing obesity and also reduce the risk of developing coronary heart diseases.
Comparative evaluation of intraligamentary injection and traditional inferior alveolar nerve block in endodontic management of mandibular molar with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis: A randomized double-blinded clinical trial
Authors: Tekam Deepashri , Chetana S Makade  , Pratima R Shenoi  , Mohit K Gunwal
Published: April 2024

Background: Intraligamentary anesthesia (ILA) injection using a single-tooth anesthesia (STA) system has been used as a supplementary technique for pulpal anesthesia in cases of irreversible pulpitis.
Aims and Objective: The current clinical trial was undertaken to assess and compare the effectiveness of the conventional inferior alveolar nerve block (IANB) and the ILA technique utilizing the STA system for endodontic management of mandibular molars presenting symptomatic irreversible pulpitis.
Materials and Methods: Patients diagnosed with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis inmandibular molar were allocated into two groups: Group I IANB (n=30) and Group II- STA system (n=30). The onset of anesthesia was evaluated using the electric pulp test, whereas for pain perception the Heft-Parker Visual Analog Scale score was recorded before, during, and after anesthesia. Post-anesthetic pain was recorded at 3 h, 24 h, and 1 week. The collected data was evaluated for effectiveness pain perception, and acceptability of the anesthetic technique, using appropriate statistical tests.
Results: The mean time of onset for the Group II STA system (2.93±1.80) was significantly higher (P=0.0001) than Group I IANB (1.40±0.86). Pain at the site of injection was insignificant (P>0.05) between both groups. The severity of pain during the root canal procedure was significantly different (P<0.0001) in both cohorts. For both groups, the patient’s acceptance of the anesthetic procedure was statistically insignificant (P=0.21).
Conclusions: The STA system reported similar effectiveness in terms of effectiveness, pain perception, and acceptability of anesthetic technique when compared to IANB. Hence, the primary anesthetic treatment for conducting endodontic procedures on molars with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis appears to be the utilization of the ILA-employing STA system.
A prospective study on the incidence and outcome of cranial nerve injuries in patients with traumatic brain injuries
Authors: Nikhil Khantal  , Kankane Kumar Vivek  , Avinash Sharma
Published: April 2024

Background: The worldwide mortality and morbidity rates are highest for traumatic brain injury (TBI), which frequently involves damage to the cranial nerves (CNs). The occurrence of CN injury (CNI) in craniocerebral trauma ranges from 5 to 23%.
Aims and Objectives: The objective of this study is to evaluate the occurrence of CNI in TBI patients within our population and determine the association between CN involvement and the severity of head injuries. In addition, we aim to assess the outcomes of patients who experience CNI in cases of head trauma.
Materials and Methods: In our institution, a prospective observational analytical study was conducted from July 2022 to June 2023. The study included 100 patients aged over 1 year who had sustained head injuries. These patients were followed up for a period of 6 months.
Results: Our study included a total of 100 patients, revealing that the highest number of head injuries occurred within the age range of 20–60 years, with an average age of 46 years. Among the study population, males accounted for 74%. Of these patients, 66 had mild head injuries, 22 had moderate head injuries, and 12 were admitted with severe head injuries. We discovered that 15% of TBI patients experienced CNIs. Specifically, five patients had a single CN palsy, while three patients had multiple CN palsies. Road traffic accidents accounted for 78% of the cases, making them the most common cause of injury, while low-velocity injuries only made up 22% of the cases. The facial nerve was the CN most frequently affected, followed by the olfactory nerve, optic nerve, and vestibulocochlear nerve. Among the 15 patients with CNI, seven had delayed symptoms, whereas eight patients presented with immediate symptoms.
Conclusion: A substantial proportion of patients experience a delayed onset of CNI symptoms. Therefore, it is essential to perform a comprehensive neurological examination of all CNs during follow-up for all TBI patients.
An overview of the clinical profile of infertile patients who underwent hysterosalpingography
Authors: Salroo Imran Nazir , Raina Zahoor Ahmad , Mir Mohd Farooq , Rasool Muzamil
Published: April 2024

Background: Infertility is a prevalent medical issue that can arise from challenges in male or female or both partners. Pivotal contributing factors to female infertility include dysfunction, tubal issues, and peritoneal factors. Hysterosalpingography (HSG) holds significant importance in assessing abnormalities associated with the uterus and fallopian tubes.
Aims and Objectives: This study aimed to assess the clinical profile and hysterosalpingographic findings of women with infertility who visited the department of radiodiagnosis for HSG.
Materials and Methods: This is a cross-sectional study, where consecutive convenience-based sampling was used, with ethical clearance in place. Sixty-three infertile women of reproductive age were recruited for the study and were referred for HSG by the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology.
Results: The majority of the participants had primary infertility (71.88%) and was in the 31–35-year age group with the majority having 3–6 years of infertility and endometriosis. On HSG uterine pathology was found in 9.37% of participants and unilateral and bilateral tubal blocks were seen in 18.75% and 14.06% of cases approximately.
Conclusion: HSG is a minimally invasive procedure, secure, and plays a crucial role in diagnosing uterine and tubal factors contributing to infertility.
Impact of antiretroviral therapy on cutaneous adverse drug reactions in adult HIV patients: A study from a tertiary care hospital
Authors: Tulasi Jarang  , Kavitha SB  , Padma Akurathi  , Bhumesh Kumar Katakam  , Radhika AR  , Suresh Babu Sayana
Published: April 2024

Background: Adverse drug reactions (ADRs) significantly impact public healthcare, especially among HIV patients. These reactions, which range from mild pruritus to severe conditions such as Steven-Johnson syndrome (SJS) and toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN), affect the quality of life and treatment outcomes.
Aims and Objectives: The current study was designed to evaluate the various types of cutaneous ADRs (CADRs) in adult HIV patients undergoing antiretroviral therapy (ART).
Materials and Methods: A retrospective record-based study was conducted at the Department of Dermatology, Venereology, and Leprosy, Government Medical College/Government General Hospital, Suryapet, Telangana, India. Data from November 2017 to October 2020 were analyzed, focusing on patients over 18 years on ART. Relevant demographic and medical data, including blood tests, liver and renal function, and CD4 counts, were collected.
Results: Out of 3532 patients on ART, 568 (16.08%) developed CADRs. Females represented 54.2% of these cases. The age group most affected was between 29 and 48 years. The most common ART regimen was Tenofovir+Lamivudin+Dolutegravir, followed by zidovudine-based combinations. Nevirapine-based regimens had a higher association with CADRs, particularly severe reactions such as SJS and TEN.
Conclusion: A significant proportion of HIV patients on ART experience CADRs, with certain drug combinations posing higher risks. This study highlights the need for careful monitoring and selection of ART regimens to minimize the risk of severe CADRs, thereby improving patient outcomes and quality of life in HIV treatment.
COVID-19 Vaccine Acceptance and Its Associated Factors Among Young Adults
Authors: Regmi Shruti , Subedi Sanchita , Datheputhe Parbati , Rai Koirala Sita
Published: April 2024

Background COVID-19 pandemic, which has rapidly spread throughout the globe in several waves and mutations, was initially identified in Wuhan, China, in late 2019. Vaccines against this deadly virus were developed quickly in about a year. Despite the availability of vaccines, acceptance of the vaccines among the general population is influenced by various factors and are important to be identified for a successful vaccination program. The objective of this study was to evaluate the COVID-19 vaccine acceptance among young adults and its associated factors.MethodsNepalese young adults were surveyed online using a descriptive cross-sectional study approach. A bilingual, self-administered questionnaire consisting of six parts-socio-demographic information, health-related information, knowledge and attitude/ beliefs about COVID-19, perceived threat to COVID-19, beliefs about COVID-19 vaccination, and vaccine acceptability was used to collect data. The collected data was analysed using SPSS version 20. ResultsOut of the 467 participants surveyed, most of them (94.2%) were willing to take the vaccine. Among them, 80.5% were willing to take it immediately. The main reason for COVID-19 vaccine refusal was because of doubt about the safety of the COVID-19 vaccine. The regression results showed that healthcare-related professionals/students and perceived benefits of the COVID-19 vaccine were significantly associated with vaccine acceptance. ConclusionsThis study reflected the high acceptance of COVID-19 vaccination among Nepalese adults during the pandemic. Concerned authorities and health professionals should emphasize addressing concerns about vaccine safety and disseminating information about the benefits of vaccines to overcome vaccine hesitancy.
Profile of Patients with Seizure Disorders in Adults Presenting to Manipal Teaching Hospital
Authors: Jwarchan Bishnu , Dhungana Durga , Dhakal Anil , Acharya Ramesh Raj , Yogi Nikunja
Published: April 2024

Background

Seizures can affect people of all ages, including adults. Symptoms of seizures can vary widely, including muscle convulsions, loss of consciousness, staring spells, confusion, repetitive movements, and sensory disturbances. Seizures can be caused by various factors, such as epilepsy, head injuries, brain infections, stroke, and other medical conditions. Diagnosis typically involves a thorough medical history, neurological examination, and sometimes ancillary tests. Treatment options depend on the underlying cause.

Methods

This was a prospective cross‑sectional hospital‑based study conducted on 63 cases presenting with adult onset seizures. Details of the patients of the age of 18 years and above were included and entered as per the structured performa. Statistical analysis was done by SPSS in terms of frequency and percentage.

Results

The mean age was with 46.84 years with male gender predominance. Adult onset seizures were most prevalent in the middle‑aged adults than elderly; generalized seizures were more common than focal seizures. Most common neuroimaging finding was infarct followed by neurocysticercosis and intracranial bleed.

Conclusions

Identification and awareness about the possible etiological factors and seizure type help in better management of seizure patients.
Correlation Between Serum Prostatic Specific Antigen and Prostatic Volume in Prostatic Hyperplasia
Authors: Agrahari Mahendra Kumar , Shrestha Joon Kumar , Singh Ranjita , Sapkota Kalyan , Shah Kamlesh Kumar
Published: April 2024

Background Prostate specific antigen (PSA) is a serine protease produced by the prostate epithelium and per urethral glands in male. Serum PSA elevation occurs as a result of disruption of normal prostatic architecture that allows PSA to diffuse into prostatic tissue and gain access to the circulation.  Prostatic hyperplasia is a progressive condition characterized by prostate enlargement accompanied by lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS). MethodsThe objective is to investigate the correlation between serum PSA levels and trans abdominal USG prostate volume in clinically diagnosed cases with prostatic hyperplasia. This is a hospital based study conducted in the Department of Radiology and Medicine at Bharatpur Hospital. All cases diagnosed clinically underwent USG by radiologist and serum PSA estimation was done in the lab by Elisa method. 150 cases were studied. ResultsAge of 51-60 years with a percentage of 29.30%, consisted of 67 patients with a volume of 20.00-39.99 cc (44.7%), 87 patients with PSA levels of <2.6 ng/mL (58.0%), prostate volume is 20.00-> 80 cc at the age of 51-60 years, PSA levels <2.6->20 ng / mL at the age of 51-60 years and value of p = 0,000 (p<0.05) and the value of r = 107.57, implying that prostate volume and PSA levels has a significant and strong correlation.Conclusions There is a significant association between prostate volume and PSA levels in BPH patients in our study, with p = 0,000 and r =107.59 showing a strong positive correlation.
Pendampingan Usaha UMKM Fajar dalam Menghadapi Dampak Pandemi COVID-19
Authors: Trihastuti Adiati , Yuliaty Erma , Mundari Siti
Published: April 2024

Pandemi Covid-19 memberi dampak terhadap penurunan pendapatan masyarakat. Dampak ini terlihat dari banyaknya Usaha Mikro Kecil Menengah yang terpaksa  menutup usahanya, salah satunya adalah UMKM Fajar yang memiliki usaha memproduksi gantungan baju. UMKM ini terpaksa menutup usahanya       dikarenakan toko maupun usaha laundry yang biasa membeli produknya sudah tidak membeli lagi, sehingga penjualan gantungan baju menurun drastis. UMKM Fajar beralih memproduksi sabun cuci piring dikarenakan produk sabun cuci piring dibutuhkan oleh masyarakat. Permasalahan yang dialami UMKM Fajar adalah kurangnya kualitas sabun cuci piring yang diproduksi, belum dapat melakukan perhitungan Harga Pokok Produksi serta harga jual, tidak dapat membuat pembukuan dan laporan laba rugi, serta belum mengerti cara memasarkan ditengah situasi pandemi Covid-19. Oleh karena itu, dilakukan pendampingan manajemen usaha dan pemasaran yang meliputi pelatihan meningkatkan kualitas sabun yang layak jual, menghitung harga pokok produksi dan harga jual, membuat pembukuan sederhana dan laporan laba rugi, serta pelatihan pemasaran dengan prinsip 4P. Pendampingan yang telah dilakukan memberikan dampak berupa peningkatan penjualan, UMKM Fajar semakin berkembang, dan kesejahteraan pemilik UMKM meningkat
Peran Merek dan Packing dalam Penjualan Keripik Pisang Kekinian di Surabaya
Authors: Novita Dina , Senoaji Fauzie
Published: April 2024

Pelaku usaha mikro kecil menengah memerlukan dukungan dari berbagai pihak, baik pemerintah sampai dengan akademisi untuk memberikan jalan keluar bagi pengusaha atas keterbatasan pengetahuan. Penurunan penjualan menjadi penyebab utama dalam produknya, yang menyebabkan pelaku usaha kurang bergairah mengembangkan usaha. Tujuan kegiatan yang dilakukan oleh peneliti, untuk membantu pengusaha dalam mengembangkan usaha melalui pengemasan produknya. Dengan pemeberian identitas yang mudah dibaca oleh pihak luar akan memudahkan untuk mengetahui produknya. Beberapa hal yang dilakukan adalah dengan pengemasan, pemberian nama produk, dan promosi penjualan melalui media online.Beberapa tahapan yang telah dilakukan memberikan dampak yang signifikan terhadap penjualan produknya. Hal ini dibuktikan dengan meningkatnya jumlah penjualan, yang semula hanya dapat menjual 40 bungkus tiap harinya dalam bentuk plastik biasa sedangkan sekarang dapat menjual dalam 150 bungkus dalam bentuk mika tiap harinya untuk dikirim kedalam maupun luar kota. Pemberian identitas yang menarik, seperti: pengemasan produk, memberian label untuk memberikan citra merk, dan promosi penjualan melalui media sosial menjadi konsumen tertarik untuk membeli produk keripik pisang.
Upaya Peningkatan Kemudahan Pemilihan Lokasi Kampus bagi Calon Mahasiswa Universitas Gunadarma melalui Aplikasi UG Zonasi
Authors: Hidayat Ahmad , Amalya Farida , Ningrum Witta Listiya
Published: April 2024

Universitas Gunadarma merupakan salah satu universitas swasta yang memiliki 24 lokasi kampus dan tersebar di wilayah Depok, Bekasi, Jakarta dan Tangerang. Setiap tahunnya, Universitas Gunadarma membuka pendaftaran umum bagi calon mahasiswa. Pada tahap pendaftaran calon mahasiswa baru, terdapat keluhan yang disampaikan dari sebagian besar calon mahasiswa maupun orang tua peserta tidak mengetahui posisi lokasi kampus Universitas Gunadarma mana yang ingin dituju. Calon mahasiswa yang akan mendaftar di Universitas Gunadarma, membutuhkan data rekomendasi kampus mana yang baiknya dipilih berdasarkan jarak terdekat dengan lokasi tempat tinggal. Pada pengabdian masyarakat ini tim pelaksana membuatkan aplikasi berbasis web dalam bentuk sistem informasi geografis dan sistem rekomendasi penghitungan jarak garis lurus dari tempat tinggal calon mahasiswa ke seluruh lokasi kampus Universitas Gunadarma di Jabodetabek. Upaya ini dilakukan untuk menjembatani antara calon mahasiswa dengan Universitas Gunadarma sebagai penunjang kebutuhan dari keduanya. Tahapan yang dilakukan dalam proses pembuatan aplikasi menggunakan model Extreme Programming (XP), dan menghasilkan aplikasi berbasis web serta dilakukan implementasi langsung.
Pendampingan Implementasi Media Belanja Online Aplikasi GoBiz pada Usaha Naisha Frozen Food
Authors: Witriyanti Siska Nur , Mudhofar M. , Wijanarko Irfan Pandu , Sari Reanita Rachmanda , Wahyudianto Dimas Nur , Yuliawati Evi , Suparto Suparto
Published: April 2024

Kegiatan pengabdian ini dilaksanakan untuk mengembangkan pemasaran pada usaha Naisha Frozen Food dengan mengimplementasikan aplikasi GoBiz untuk meningkatkan pendapatan penjualan produk Naisha Frozen Food. Tujuan yang diharapkan pada pengabdian ini adalah memasarkan produk yang dijual oleh Naisha Frozen Food agar lebih mudah dijangkau oleh konsumen. Selain itu, pemasaran awal yang dilakukan secara online melalui whatsapp sangat kurang efektif, dimana pemasaran dilakukan menggunakan cara konvensial dan belum menggunakan media digital. Metode pelaksanaan pada kegiatan pengabdian ini menggunakan  implementasi media belanja online aplikasi GoBiz yang komprehensif untuk meningkatkan  penjualan produk. Kegiatan pengabdian yang dilakukan meliputi pendaftaran dan pendampingan usaha Naisha Frozen Food  pada aplikasi GoBiz, kemudian dilanjutkan dengan verifikasi dan aktivasi. Hasil dari kegiatan pengabdian yang berupa pendampingan implementasi media belanja online aplikasi GoBiz  memperlihatkan bahwa usaha Naisha Frozen Food telah menerima orderan dari konsumen dengan jangkauan wilayah yang lebih luas. Hal ini memberikan implikasi pada pendapatan usaha Naisha Frozen Food yang meningkat.
Persepsi Masyarakat Terhadap Kebun Dan Pabrik Kelapa Sawit Pt. Sps 2 Kecamatan Darul Makmur
Authors: Pratama Ananda Rizky , Nasution Aswin
Published: April 2024

Persepsi adalah pengumpulan, identifikasi, dan interpretasi data sensorik untuk menciptakan pemahaman dan deskripsi tentang lingkungan. Persepsi setiap orang mempunyai kencenderungan dalam melihat seseuatu yang sama dengan cara yang berbeda-beda. Kegiatan perkebunan dan pabrik kelapa sawit milik perusahaan memberikan dampak positif bagi masyarakat sekitar dan negatif. Tujuan penelitin ini adalah untuk mengetahui perepsi masyarakat terhadap kebun dan pabrik kelapa sawit PT. SPS 2. Responden dipilih secara random sampling yaitu semua masyarakat sekitar perusahaan. Metode analisis data yang digunakan metode deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjuk bahwa persepsi negatif lebih besar dari positif dengan perbandingan yaitu 14,2:25 sehingga perusahaan perlu melakukan sosialisasi kepada masyarakat terkait dengan keberadaan perusahaan dalam mendukung perekonomian wilayah.
Respon Produksi Terung Ungu (Solanum MELONGENA L.) Terhadap Pemberian Pupuk Kandang Sapi Npk 16-16-16
Authors: Gulo Liris , Harahap Rahmaniah , Harahap Lutfi Henderlan
Published: April 2024

The goal of the researchers is to understand how Tanaman Tanaman Terung Ungu (Solanum melongena L.) responds to the purchase of pupuk kandang sapi and pupuk NPK 16-16-16. The current study makes use of the Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) Faktorial, which has three ulangan and two factors. The first factor is Pupuk Kandang Sapi (K), which has three taraf: control, one kilogram per plot, and two kilograms per plot, and the second factor is Pupuk NPK (N), which has three taraf: control, fifty grams per plot, and one hundred grams per plot. Panjang buah cm, jumlah buah per plot, and berat buah per plot are the parameters that were modified. The findings of the study indicate that Pupuk Kandang Sapi's involvement significantly affected the production of tanaman terung ungu with regard to the parameters panjang buah cm, jumlah buah per
Revenue Cost Analysis Pada Usaha Pembenihan Ikan Lele Sangkuriang Sebagai Evaluasi Profit Dt. Farm Group Jawa Barat
Authors: Fattah Mochammad , Pudji Purwanti  , Dwi Sofiati  , Fajar Imam Prasojo  , Asyifa Anandya  , Diana Aisyah
Published: April 2024

Ikan konsumsi air tawar utama di Indonesia yang dibudidayakan adalah gurame, patin, nila dan lele. Peningkatan perrmintaan ikan lele, maka membutuhkan pasokan benih ikan lele. Salah satu jenis ikan lele yang unggul dikembangan BBPBAT Sukabumi tahun 2004 adalah sangkuriang. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah menganalisis revenue cost sebagai evaluasi profit usaha pembenihan DT Farm Group. Analsis yang digunakan adalah analisis revenue cost (R/C, BEP, Profit dan Rentabilitas. Proses produksi pembenihan ikan lele sangkuriang memiliki lima tahap, yaitu persiapan kolam, pemilihan induk, pemijahan, penetasan telur, pemeliharaan larva. Rata-rata Survival Rate (SR) atau kelangsungan hidup larva sebesar 97%. DT Farm Group menggunakan usaha pembenihan secara alami selama satu tahun (5 siklus) menghasilkan nilai R/C sebesar 2,05, nilai BEP unit dari 7 jenis ukuran produk sebanyak 529.402 ekor dan nilai BEP sales sebesar Rp 154.471.262, keuntungan senilai Rp 172.524.014, dan rentabilitas usaha sebesar 105,15% sehingga usaha pembenihan ikan lele DT Farm Group dinyatakan menguntungkan karena menghasilkan nilai diatas parameter analisis revenue cost. Pembudidaya dapat mengembangkan teknis pembenihan secara buatan agar menghasilkan produksi secara optimal.
Developing and Evaluating a Novel Drug Delivery System, Calcium-Alginate Beads loaded with Valsartan
Authors: Saad Salwa , Alali Haifaa
Published: April 2024

Valsartan is one of the most common drugs used by chronic patients in the management of hypertension, heart failure, and diabetic nephropathy. This present study was conducted with the aim of formulating a long-acting pharmaceutical form by preparing millimeter dimensions’ solid polymeric beads using the Ionotropic Gelation technique by using the polymer “Alginate Sodium” (SA), and Calcium Chloride CaCl2 as a cross-linking agent. Prepared valsartan beads succeeded in the possibility of decreasing dose administration and therefore, reduced immediate release side effects of conventional forms of Valsartan. Valsartan beads were studied using different concentrations of Sodium Alginate and Calcium Chloride to select the optimal formula and then were compared with locally marketed film-coated tables containing Valsartan. The formula (SA 3%, CaCl2 10%) was chosen after conducting several physiochemical tests such as shape and dimensions, swelling index, entrapment efficiency, in vitro drug release, and FTIR. FTIR test showed no chemical bonding between Valsartan and other excipients. Selected beads achieved a high percentage of swelling in phosphate buffer solution pH=6.8. Entrapment efficiency was also high at about 80%. Prepared beads followed the Korsmeyer-Peppas release mechanism, and eventually obtained extended-release beads which slowed drug release for 24h, Compared with the film-coated tablets, the in vitro  release of valsartan expired after only one hour.
Daratumumab enhances the overall response to multiple myeloma therapy as the number of cycles increases
Authors: Elver Özde , Alayvaz Aslan Nevin , Erol Veysel , Kendir İsmail Can , Guler Nil
Published: April 2024

Objective: New medicines employed in recent years have resulted in significant increases in survival rates for Multiple Myeloma (MM). Daratumumab is utilized in both first-line myeloma treatment and relapsed/refractory illness. Our study aims to assess the clinical features, response to treatment and factors influencing response to treatment in patients who received daratumumab monotherapy or combination therapy at our center.

Patients and Methods: 21 multiple myeloma patients who were followed up in the hematology clinic at Pamukkale University Faculty of Medicine and treated with daratumumab were retrospectively examined.

Results: The patients median age was 65±9.7 years (42-80), with a female/male ratio of 11/10. Daratumumab was utilized after two lines of treatment in 13 patients (61.9%), first line treatment in 5 patients, and second line treatment in 3 patients. The average number of cycles was 4.05±5.06 (1-18). Daratumumab was used as a single agent in one patient, in 13 patients in combination with bortezomib, immunomodulatory medications, cyclophosphamide, and/or melphalan, and in 7 patients in combination with chemotherapy. At the completion of therapy evaluation, 38.1% (n:8) of the patients were lost, 38.1% (n:8) continued treatment with VGPR or better, and 23.8% (n:5) continued treatment with PR. Three (42.9%) of the seven patients who received daratumumab along with chemotherapy died. The number of cycles increased the rate of complete reaction (CR), which was statistically significant (p=0.026).

Conclusion: Daratumumab-containing therapy regimens improve treatment success in multiple myeloma patients, and complete response rates rise as treatment duration increases.
RAW264.7 hücrelerinde Odoroside A'nın immün transformasyondaki rolü
Authors: Seçer Çelik Fatma , Eroğlu Güneş Canan
Published: April 2024

Amaç: Makrofajlar bağışıklık sisteminin en önemli unsurlarından biridir ve inflamasyonda ikili rol oynamaktadır. Hem ortamda immün yanıtın oluşumunu hem de baskılanmasını düzenlemektedir. Kanser mikroçevresindeki bu sinyalleme, kanserin ilerlemesini etkiler. Bu kanseri teşvik eden veya kanseri ortadan kaldıran süreç makrofajlar tarafından yönetilmektedir. Proinflamatuar sitokin genlerinin ifadesindeki artış, ortamdaki tümör hücrelerinin baskılanmasını sağlar. Bu çalışmada Odoroside A'nın makrofaj dönüşümüne etkisinin araştırılması amaçlanmıştır.

Gereç ve yöntem: Makrofaj hücrelerinde öldürücü olmayan Odoroside A dozu CCK-8 analizi ile belirlenmiştir. Daha sonra RAW264.7 hücrelerinde sitokin genlerinin ve yüzey belirteçlerinin qRT-PCR kullanılarak gen ekspresyon analizi yapılmıştır. Gen ekspresyonu analizinde anlamlı çıkan sitokinlerin protein düzeyleri ELISA yöntemi kullanılarak incelenmiştir.

Bulgular: Odoroside A, RAW264.7 hücrelerinde IL1 ve IL6 genlerinin ekspresyonunu önemli ölçüde artırırken, IL10 geninin ekspresyonunu önemli ölçüde azaltmıştır. IL4 ve TGFβ gen ifadelerinde anlamlı bir değişiklik olmamıştır. İstatistiksel olarak anlamlı artış gösteren IL1 ve IL6 gen ekspresyonlarının protein düzeyinde de anlamlı düzeyde arttığı belirlenmiştir.

Sonuç: Tüm veriler birlikte değerlendirildiğinde Odoroside A'nın RAW264.7 hücrelerinde proinflamatuar yanıtı arttırdığı, dolayısıyla M1 tip makrofaj dönüşümünü sağladığı gözlenmiştir. Bu, Odoroside A'nın, tümör nişindeki makrofaj aracılı oluşan proinflamatuar ortamın tümörün ortadan kaldırılmasında etkili olabileceğini düşündürmektedir.
Identifying and Predicting Muslim Community Funeral Funding Protocols
Authors: Ashhuri Hassan , Ibrahim Izzul Ismail , Hassan Raini
Published: April 2024

This research aims to understand funeral poverty among the Muslim community in Malaysia by using Machine Learning algorithms. Generally, funeral poverty in Malaysia can be described as funerals in Malaysia being exorbitantly priced, inflicting a disproportionate amount of financial hardship on the poor. As the death rate continues to climb year after year, we may conclude that funeral fees are an unavoidable risk. This research problem was inspired by Sustainable Development Goal number 1 and 3 where the goal of this initiative is to increase awareness about the need of having funeral expenditures and how to prevent funeral poverty. Previous works have shown promising results. However, they are not conclusive enough as they lack predicting capability that Machine Learning can offer. Selected Machine Learning algorithms such as Decision Tree, Random Forest, and Naïve Bayes were used to classify the people that will go through funeral poverty based on a selected dataset and a survey conducted. The research methodology is as follows: 1. Collecting the data, 2. Pre-Process the data, 3. Exploratory data analysis, 4. Selecting the feature, 5. Modeling, 6. Evaluation. The results showed that the accuracy value for the selected algorithm is 0.95, 0.95, and 0.95 for the awareness and 0.8, 0.8, and 0.75 for B40 Status in survey datasets. With a larger taxonomy and more extensive, diverse sets of data, these figures are expected to improve. Linear Regression has been applied to help understand the features of a death rate.  Both outcomes serve distinct reasons. Because the individuals who would experience funeral poverty are in lower-income neighborhoods, it was necessary to classify impoverished communities in order to anticipate funeral poverty. Following that, the findings of what causes death to rise aid in understanding how the B40 community has been impacted by funeral poverty. In the future, this study will aid future research on funeral poverty on a larger scale. When the two datasets are integrated rather than separated, better results can be obtained. The accuracy of the findings may also be improved by employing a wider range of Machine Learning methods and deep learning implementation. A more coherent and detailed model for forecasting funeral poverty can be developed.
In Vivo Studies of Lepidium meyenii or Maca in Animal Models of Diabetes Mellitus and Other Metabolic Syndrome-Related Diseases- A Scoping Review
Authors: Othman Najwa Hanim , Ismawi Hidayatul Radziah , Mohd. Zainudin Maizura , Abd. Fuaat Azliana
Published: April 2024

Lepidium meyenii or Maca is a Peruvian plant that belongs to the Brassicaceae family. Maca has various attributed health benefits due to the diversity of its bioactive compounds. Studies reveal that Maca is effective for many purposes including in the treatment of diabetes mellitus (DM) and other metabolic syndrome-related diseases. This review aims to uncover previously identified underlying anti-diabetic effects of Maca as well as its potential in the treatment of other conditions linked to metabolic syndrome in animal models in vivo. A scoping review of the literature was conducted using a protocol by Arksey and O’Malley. The protocol centred on the identification of research questions, identification and selection of relevant studies, data charting and collating, summarizing, and reporting the findings. Searches were conducted using Semantic Scholar, Scopus, PubMed Central, and ScienceDirect. Six studies were included in the review. The studies varied in terms of purpose, methodology, and detail of findings. They include the administration of Maca in different types of animal models and its effect on several biochemical parameters. There is fundamental scientific evidence from this review that supports the anti-diabetic properties of Maca in animal models of DM and other metabolic syndrome-related diseases. However, the scarcity of reports indicates the need for more rigorous studies in the future.
Understanding the Motives and Intention of Blood Donation during the Pandemic
Authors: Yusof Junaidah , Ab Rahim Sakinah , Mohd Noor Sabariah , Panatik Siti Aisyah , Wan Husin Wan Nurul Izza , Bungsu Mohd Sharial
Published: April 2024

INTRODUCTION: In every country, an adequate and reliable blood supply can be assured by a stable base of regular, voluntary, and unpaid blood donors. However, with the strike of COVID-19 around the world, fewer donors have come forward to donate blood since the government's movement control order. Therefore, to ensure the blood supply is always sufficient, this study discussed the Malaysians' motivation and intention to donate blood during the COVID-19. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The structural focus group discussion was conducted among nine informants. The informants are classified into four groups, which are non, first-time, regular, and lapsed (repeated/occasional) blood donors. RESULTS: It indicated that the regular and lapsed group of blood donors were motivated by the satisfaction of donating blood. Meanwhile, first-time donors are motivated to donate blood because of extrinsic rewards. However, the donors attested that the movement control order restricted their movement to go to the blood transfusion center. On the other hand, the non-donor group admitted that they do intend to donate blood. Still, several factors such as work commitment, location, and fear of being infected by COVID-19, hold them from doing so. CONCLUSIONS: These findings will serve as insights for future blood donation disruption remediation, especially during unexpected situations, as well as the success of the Malaysian blood campaign.
Reappraisal of the Use of X-Rays in Acute Ankle and Midfoot Injuries. A Prospective Evaluation of the Ottawa Ankle Rules (OAR) in a Single Tertiary Trauma Centre
Authors: Sharifudin Mohd Ariff , Saleh Hussen Ramzi Ali , Taib Mai Nurul Ashikin , Ahmed Shokri Amran
Published: April 2024

INTRODUCTION: Acute ankle and foot injuries commonly present to the emergency departments, often resulting in routine radiography referrals, despite the fact that less than 15% of cases exhibit clinically significant fractures. The OAR has been designed to reduce the number of unnecessary radiographs ordered for these patients. We evaluated the OAR for predicting ankle and midfoot fractures in a cohort of patients treated in a single tertiary trauma centre. MATERIALS AND METHOD: A prospective study was conducted in the emergency department and orthopaedic clinics of a tertiary trauma centre. 73 patients aged 18 years and older were recruited during a 12-month study period. Radiographs were performed for all patients after clinical evaluation findings were recorded. The main outcomes measured were sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and likelihood ratios (positive and negative) of the OAR. RESULTS: 41 patients had ankle injuries, 21 around the midfoot, and 11 within both areas. In detecting ankle fractures, OAR had a sensitivity of 100%, a specificity of 73.68%, and a negative predictive value of 100% compared to the detection of midfoot fractures (100%, 84.61%, and 100%, respectively). The OAR had the potential of reducing radiographs by 42.47%. CONCLUSION: OAR is an accurate and highly sensitive tool to detect ankle and midfoot fractures. The implementation would lead to a significant reduction in the request for radiographs without missing any clinically significant fractures, thus, reducing costs, radiation exposures, and waiting times.
Translation and Validation of the Malay Version of Modified Vaccine Hesitancy Scale (MVHS-M) for Assessment of Parental Vaccine Hesitancy
Authors: Mohd Zin Nur Dalilah , Wan Mohammad Wan Mohd Zahiruddin , Kueh Yee Cheng , Mohd Fuzi Nik Mohd Hafiz
Published: April 2024

INTRODUCTION: Parental hesitancy towards routine childhood vaccines has been recognized as one of the public health threats. Since the uptake of child vaccination remains inconsistent, there is a need for a reliable and validated tool to measure this phenomenon. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted at government health clinics in Kelantan between April 2023 to July 2023. A permission to use the original version of Modified Vaccine Hesitancy Scale (MVHS) was obtained and translated into the Malay version (MVHS-M) based on established guidelines. Parents who have at least one child aged 7 years or less were recruited by using systematic random sampling to validate the MVHS-M. A confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was used to confirm the latent domain, while reliability was measured by composite reliability and test-retest. The data were analysed using IBM SPSS Version 26 and Mplus version 8. RESULTS: A total of 270 parents who fulfilled the study criteria were selected and completed the survey. The CFA showed a good fit index: RMSEA = 0.057 (90% CI 0.031, 0.082), CFI = 0.970, TLI = 0.957, and SRMR = 0.031. The composite reliability for the domain "lack of confidence" was 0.93 (95% CI 0.91, 0.94), while the domain "risk" showed a reliability of 0.74 (95% CI 0.69, 0.79). The test-retest reliability, as measured by the Intra-class Correlation Coefficient (ICC), was 0.77 (95% CI 0.59, 0.87), indicating good stability. CONCLUSION: MVHS-M is a valid and reliable tool that will be useful in identifying parental vaccine hesitancy in Malaysia.
أثر حسن نية المؤمن له من عدمها على نطاق جزاء البطلان في قانون التأمين العماني (دراسة مقارنة)
Authors: عبدالله بن محمد بن عبدالله الفليتي  , محمد إبراهيم النجاشي
Published: April 2024

تناول هذا البحث أثر حسن نية المؤمن له من عدمها على نطاق جزاء البطلان في القانون العماني ومقارنته بالقانونين الأردني والمصري، حيث أن المؤمن له هو الطرف الضعيف في عقد التامين، وان عقد التامين يعتبر من عقود الإذعان فلا يستطيع المؤمن له التغيير في بنود العقد،  وقد درجت شركات التأمين  وبحكم مركزها الاقتصادي المتغلب إلى تضمين وثائق التأمين جزاءات خاصة توقع على المؤمن له إذا ما اخل بالتزاماته العقدية، هذه الجزاءات تعد جزاءات قاسية بالنسبة للمؤمن له فمنها ما يؤدي إلى  بطلان العقد  إذا ما اخل المؤمن له بالتزامه المتمثل بالإدلاء ببيانات الخطر الجوهرية أو سقوط حق المؤمن له في مبلغ التأمين إذا ما اخل بالتزاماته المتعلقة بالحادث الموجب لدفع مبلغ التأمين أي بالحادث المؤمن منه سواء ما تعلق بالتزامه بالإعلان عن وقوع الحادث والتزامه بتقديم المستندات والأوراق الدالة على وقوع الحادث أو الالتزام المتعلق بعدم إقرار المؤمن له بالمسؤولية عن الحادث، أو وقف حقه بمبلغ التامين،  لذلك كان لابد من تصدي التشريعات لهذا الأمر ووضع ضوابط وقيود تضمن حماية المؤمن له من هذه الجزاءات وخاصة إذا ما كان المؤمن له حسن النية، لذلك نجد أن بعض التشريعات قد نصت على التزامات المؤمن له وعلى الجزاءات الخاصة المترتبة على الإخلال بهذه الالتزامات إلا أنها ضبطت الأمر ولم تتركه على إطلاقه حيث ميزت ما بين المؤمن له حسن النية والمؤمن له سيء النية ووفرت للمؤمن له حسن النية حماية اكبر، وفرضت قيود لتطبيق بعض الجزاءات الخاصة ومن أهمها جزاء البطلان الذي يفرض من قبل المؤمن على المؤمن له في عقد التامين.
Marriage Choices and Traditions among the Sri Lankan Migrant Workers in Bahrain
Authors: Mohamed I.M. Aslam  , Iyad M.Y. Eid  , Rohaiza Rokis
Published: April 2024

Family and marriage in Sri Lanka have endured far-reaching changes in recent decades. Starting with the migration from Sri Lanka, particularly after the 1970s, is one of the contributing factors in such family changes. Given that Sri Lanka has been giving greater importance to family and marriage, the present paper attempts to investigate changes in marriage choices, traditions, and marital relationships due to migration.   The qualitative research method was utilized, compiling data through semi-structured interviews with thirty Sri Lankan migrant families using a purposive sampling technique, which was analyzed on a thematic basis. Based on the findings, migration was the cause of change in marital choice and traditions since migrants become economically independent and cherish new cultures. The marriage contracts and couple matching among migrant workers had not been spelt out their ancient traditions of Sri Lanka, which leaned more toward love matches. The study has identified the women who migrated as housemaids had formed families with Pakistani and Indian migrant workers, even accepting religious exogamy after arriving in Bahrain based on self-desire. These migrants concealed their personal choice and married without their parent’s concerns and presence. The present study identified that wedlock without proper documents caused their children to be undocumented. Furthermore, the current study revealed that migrant workers who married other nationalities failed to establish fruitful families as their lives ended in divorce due to the lack of knowledge about marital partners and cohesive relationships with them. These findings are significant because of the dearth of literature on marriage migration among Middle Eastern migrants and the range of post-marriage challenges that migrants face in that particular destination. The information explored enriches the literature with a new sociological and empirical study.