bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Climatology and Trend of Severe Drought Events in the State of Sao Paulo, Brazil, during the 20th Century
Authors: Gozzo Luiz F. , Palma Doris S. , Custodio Maria S. , Machado Jeferson P.
Published: April 2019

Drought is a natural hazard with critical societal and economic consequences to millions of people around the world. In this paper, we present the climatology of severe drought events that occurred during the 20th century in the region of Sao Paulo, Brazil. To account for the effects of rainfall deficit and changes in temperature at a climatic timescale, we chose the Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI) to identify severe droughts over the city of Sao Paulo, and the eastern and central-western regions of the state. Events were identified using weather station data and European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecast (ECMWF) reanalysis data, in order to assess the representation of drought periods in both datasets. Results show that the reanalysis seems suitable to represent the number of events and their mean duration, severity and intensity, but the timing and characteristics of individual events are not well reproduced. The correlation between observation and reanalysis SPEI time series is low to moderate in all cases. A linear trend analysis between 1901 and 2010 shows a tendency of increasing (decreasing) severe drought events in the central and western (eastern) Sao Paulo state, according to observational data. This is in agreement with previous findings, and the reanalysis presents this same signal. The weakened trend values in the reanalysis may be associated with issues in representing precipitation in this dataset.
Resilience, Sense of Coherence, and Coping with Stress as Predictors of Psychological Well-Being in the Course of Schizophrenia. The Study Design
Authors: Izydorczyk Bernadetta , Sitnik-Warchulska Katarzyna , Kühn-Dymecka Aleksandra , Lizińczyk Sebastian
Published: April 2019

The main research objective was seeking for the predictive role of such personal resources as resilience, sense of coherence, and coping with stress in psychological well-being of schizophrenia patients and their treatment. The study group comprised 201 individuals with schizophrenia, aged between 18 and 62. The following instruments were used: The sense of coherence scale SOC-29, The resilience scale for adults, polish adaptation of the stress appraisal measure, semistructured clinical interview, the positive and negative syndrome scale, the mood scale, and the general health questionnaire. A stepwise regression analysis aimed at selecting a group of significant predictors for the verified factors of psychological well-being in patients suffering from schizophrenia was carried out. The results of the study demonstrated the following to be significant predictors of psychological well-being in patients with schizophrenia: Resilience (explaining significantly the level of schizophrenic symptomatology Beta = −0.30, negative symptoms Beta = −0.385, and cognitive disorders Beta = −0.303), sense of coherence, which significantly predicted mood (in the case of manageability, Beta = 0.580 for positive mood, and Beta = 0.534 for negative mood) and psychiatric symptomatology (comprehensibility, Beta = 0.311 for negative symptoms, Beta = 0.173 for excessive arousal, and Beta = 0.330 for cognitive disorganization). The level of perceived stress appraised as challenge predicted positive mood (Beta = 0.164), while stress appraisal in terms of threat served as a predictor for negative mood and depressiveness (Beta = 0.190). The study results can prove helpful in creating therapeutic and programs and psychiatric rehabilitation for patients with schizophrenia.
Vitamin C, Hydrocortisone, and Thiamine for the Treatment of Severe Sepsis and Septic Shock: A Retrospective Analysis of Real-World Application
Authors: Litwak Jane , Cho Nam , Nguyen H. , Moussavi Kayvan , Bushell Thomas
Published: April 2019

A recent study suggested mortality benefits using vitamin C, hydrocortisone, and thiamine combination therapy (triple therapy) in addition to standard care in patients with severe sepsis and septic shock. In order to further evaluate the effects of triple therapy in real-world clinical practice, we conducted a retrospective observational cohort study at an academic tertiary care hospital. A total of 94 patients (47 in triple therapy group and 47 in standard care group) were included in the analysis. Baseline characteristics in both groups were well-matched. No significant difference in the primary outcome, hospital mortality, was seen between triple therapy and standard care groups (40.4% vs. 40.4%; p = 1.000). In addition, there were no significant differences in secondary outcomes, including intensive care unit (ICU) mortality, requirement for renal replacement therapy for acute kidney injury, ICU length of stay, hospital length of stay, and time to vasopressor independence. When compared to standard care, triple therapy did not improve hospital or ICU mortality in patients with septic shock. A randomized controlled trial evaluating the effects of triple therapy is necessary prior to implementing vitamin C, hydrocortisone, and thiamine combination therapy as a standard of care in patients with septic shock.
Rh(III) Aqueous Speciation with Chloride as a Driver for Its Extraction by Phosphonium Based Ionic Liquids
Authors: Svecova Lenka , Papaïconomou Nicolas , Billard Isabelle
Published: April 2019

In this work, the aqueous speciation of Rh(III) in chloride medium was investigated by UV-vis spectroscopy for ligand to metal ratios R = (Cl−)/(Rh) ranging from 300 to 5000, at fixed Rh concentration (2.4 × 10−3 M). Under the chemical conditions of this work, no time evolution was observed, which allows for the fitting of the UV-vis data by Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Multi-Curve Resolution (MCR). From this, and by comparison with literature data, the three independent species [RhCl4]−, [RhCl5]2− and [RhCl6]3− were identified, their individual absorption spectra derived and their respective contribution to the collected experimental UV-vis spectra calculated. Then, extraction of Rh(III) towards the ionic liquid trihexyltetradecylphosphonium chloride was performed. Comparison with the speciation data gives insight into the extraction mechanism and the extracted species.
Stretchable and Low-Haze Ag-Nanowire-Network 2-D Films Embedded into a Cross-linked Polydimethylsiloxane Elastomer
Authors: Lee Ki-Wook , Kim Yong-Hoe , Du Wen Xuan , Kim Jin-Yeol
Published: April 2019

We report the fabrication of stretchable transparent electrode films (STEF) using 15-nm-diameter Ag nanowires networks embedded into a cross-linked polydimethylsiloxane elastomer. 15-nm-diameter Ag NWs with a high aspect ratio (˃1000) were synthesized through pressure-induced polyol synthesis in the presence of AgCl particles with KBr. These Ag NW network-based STEF exhibited considerably low haze values (<1.5%) with a transparency of 90% despite the low sheet resistance of 20 Ω/sq. The STEF exhibited an outstanding mechanical elasticity of up to 20% and no visible change occurred in the sheet resistance after 100 cycles at a stretching-release test of 20%.
Buddhist Medical Demonology in The Sūtra of the Seven Buddhas
Authors: Krug Adam C.
Published: April 2019

This essay begins with a brief discussion of the marginalization of demonology in the study of both Indian Buddhist traditions and Āyurvedic medicine. Unlike the study of Buddhist traditions in other geographic regions, there has been relatively little scholarship on the dialogue between Indian Buddhist communities and the localized spirit deity cults with which they have interacted for more than two millennia. The modern study of Āyurverda, with few exceptions, demonstrates a similar trend in the marginalization of bhūtavidyā, or demonology, which has constituted a legitimate branch of Āyurvedic medicine from at least the time that the earliest Āyurvedic compendium, the Carakasaṃhitā, was composed. This essay argues that this lack of proper attention to Indian Buddhist and Āyurvedic medical demonology is symptomatic of a broader, persistent bias in the human sciences. The essay then examines a handful of stories from the Karmaśataka, a collection of Buddhist avadānas, to argue that certain Buddhist communities may have held their own biases against systems of medical demonology, albeit for entirely different reasons. The balance of this essay then concludes with an analysis of The Sūtra of the Seven Buddhas that presents this work as an example of Buddhist medical demonology.
Facilitated group work for people with long-term conditions: a systematic review of benefits from studies of group-work interventions
Authors: Jackson Margaret , Jones Daniel , Dyson Judith , Macleod Una
Published: April 2019

Background

About 15.4 million people in the UK live with a long-term condition. Of the health and social care spend, 70% is invested in caring for this population. Evidence suggests that group-work interventions offer patient support, improved outcomes, and reduce the costs of care.

Aim

To review the current evidence base examining the effectiveness of group work in long-term physical disease where such groups are facilitated by healthcare professionals.

Design and setting

Systematic review and narrative synthesis of studies of group-work interventions led by health professionals for adults with specified long-term illnesses.

Method

MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycINFO, and Cochrane databases were systematically searched using terms relating to group work and long-term conditions. Studies were included if they were randomised controlled trials (RCTs) with a control group that did not include group work.

Results

The 14 included studies demonstrated a high degree of heterogeneity in terms of participant characteristics, interventions, and outcome measures and were of varying quality. The studies demonstrated some statistically significant improvements in pain, psychological outcomes, self-efficacy, self-care, and quality of life resulting from intervention.

Conclusion

This review demonstrates significant benefits resulting from group participation, in adults with long-term disease. Results were mixed and some benefits were short-lived. Nevertheless, these results suggest that group work should be more widely used in the management and support of adults with long-term illness. There is a need for larger and better-quality studies to explore this potentially important area further.
Physiotherapist as an alternative to a GP for musculoskeletal conditions: a 2-year service evaluation of UK primary care data
Authors: Downie Fiona , McRitchie Catherine , Monteith Wendy , Turner Helen
Published: April 2019

Background

Physiotherapists are currently working in primary care as first contact practitioners (FCP), assessing and managing patients with musculoskeletal conditions instead of GPs. There are no published data on these types of services.

Aim

To evaluate a new service presenting the first 2 years of data.

Design and setting

Analysis of 2 years’ data of patient outcomes and a patient experience questionnaire from two GP practices in Forth Valley NHS, UK. The service was launched in November 2015 in response to GP shortages.

Method

Data were collected from every patient contact in the first 2 years. This included outcomes of appointments, GP support, capacity of the service, referral rates to physiotherapy and orthopaedics, numbers of steroid injections, and outcomes from orthopaedic referrals. A patient experience questionnaire was also conducted.

Results

A total of 8417 patient contacts were made, with the majority managed within primary care (n = 7348; 87.3%) and 60.4% (n = 5083) requiring self-management alone. Referrals to orthopaedics were substantially reduced in both practices. Practice A from 1.1 to 0.7 per 1000 patients; practice B from 2.4 to 0.8 per 1000 patients. Of referrals to orthopaedics, 86% were considered ‘appropriate’. Extended scope physiotherapists (ESPs) asked for a GP review in 1% of patients.

Conclusion

The results suggest that patients with musculoskeletal conditions may be assessed and managed independently and effectively by physiotherapists instead of GPs. This has the potential to significantly reduce workload for GPs as the service requires minimal GP support. The majority of patients were managed within primary care, with low referral rates and highly appropriate referrals to orthopaedics. Patients reported positive views regarding the service.
Pengaruh Rasio Aktivitas, Solvabilitas dan Likuiditas Terhadap Profitabilitas pada Perusahaan Pertambangan Batubara
Authors: Suwandi Suwandi , Thalia Jenny , Syakina Syakina , Munawarah Munawarah , Aisyah Siti
Published: April 2019

lvabilitas dan Likuiditas Terhadap Profitabilitas Perusahaan Pertambangan Batubara yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia periode 2012-2016. Rasio aktivitas menggunakan Inventory Turnover, Working Capital Turnover, Total Asset Turnover dan Receivable Turnover sedangkan rasio solvabilitas menggunakan Debt to Equity Ratio dan rasio likuiditas menggunakan Current Ratio. Pendekatan penelitian adalah pendekatan kuantitatif asosiatif dengan sifat kausal. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh perusahaan pertambangan batubara yang terdaftar di BEI sebanyak 22 perusahaan. Terdapat 8 perusahaan yang dipilih dengan menggunakan metode purposive sampling. Dalam penelitian ini teknik analisis yang digunakan adalah analisis regresi linear berganda. Berdasarkan hasil uji hipotesis secara simultan, diperoleh pengaruh signifikan terhadap Profitabilitas, dengan hasil uji koefisien determinasi sebesar 34,5%. Sedangkan berdasarkan hasil uji hipotesis secara parsial, Inventory Turnover, Debt to Equity Ratio, Working Capital Turnover, Current Ratio dan Receivable Turnover tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap profitabilitas dan Total Assets Turnover berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap profitabilitas.
Mapeamento da degradação por sensoriamento remoto em mata de bambu
Authors: Oliveira Douglas Alberto Da Silva , Silva Jhon Lennon Bezerra da , Lopes Iug , Pinheiro Antonio Gebson , Santos Cicero Gomes dos
Published: April 2019

Em regiões como o Norte, o crescimento e a produtividade de matas como bambuzais estão diretamente ligados à quantidade de água disponível no solo a partir da precipitação. O efeito conjunto de parâmetros biofísicos nos bambuzais pode interferir na degradação da superfície e na umidade superficial do solo (IUS) estimada por satélite, mais expressivamente do que tratados individualmente. Este trabalho teve como objetivos associar os possíveis núcleos de degradação ao uso e ocupação do solo e, analisar os efeitos dos parâmetros biofísicos no IUS obtido do sensor OLI em mata de bambuzal no estado do Acre. A técnica de classificação por árvore de decisão baseadas em regras predefinidas no NDVI, albedo e MDSI foi aplicada para espacializar a degradação da superfície utilizando-se dados das normais climatológicas de precipitação de 1987 a 2017. Observaram-se tendências de formações de núcleos de degradação formando uma margem de leste a oeste da área estudada associados à presença de solos expostos. Concluiu-se que o IUS relacionou-se muito bem com o índice de vegetação, albedo e a degradação obtidos do sensor OLI. Verificou-se processos de degradação intensa no bambuzal, resultando no aumento de áreas em processos de desertificação.
Prediksi Jumlah Penjualan Air Mineral Pada Perusahaan "XYZ" Dengan Jaringan Saraf Tiruan
Authors: Dewangga Kusuma
Published: April 2019

Propagasi balik adalah sebuah metode pengenalan suatu pola melalui supervisi, dimana diperlukan pembelajaran terlebih dahulu setelah itu tahap uji data. Studi kasus pada penelitian ini terkosentrasi pada data penjualan air mineral kemesan pada perusahaan yang bertempat di Surabaya. Permasalahan pada perusahaan air mineral ini adalah sulitnya mengalokasikan sumber daya untuk melakukan produksi pada saat permintaan pasar melonjak. Dari permasalahan tersebut, diperlukan suatu prediksi sebagai alat penunjang pengambilan keputusan untuk mengetahui perkiraan permintaan pasar. Pemanfaatan algoritma propagasi balik akan digunakan pada data penjualan air mineral sehingga dihasilkan suatu prediksi atau perkiraan. Berdasarkan prediksi ini perusahaan ingin mengalokasikan sumber daya yang diperlukan untuk memenuhi kebutuhan pasar. Adapun berbagai permasalahan yang dihadapi dalam implementasi algoritma propagasi balik untuk prediksi, yaitu: bagaimana memodelkan Jaringan Saraf Tiruan yang dipakai untuk metode propagasi balik ini, bagaimana data yang digunakan untuk input kedalam Jaringan Saraf Tiruan agar dapat diproses dengan baik, dan bagaimana akurasi prediksi yang dihasilkan dari Jaringan Saraf Tiruan yang sudah diimplementasikan. Kemampuan metode propagasi balik untuk melakukan prediksi cukup efektif namun ada baiknya jika data dari pola ditambahkan.
QED Phenomena in an Ultrastrong Magnetic Field. II. Electron–Positron Scattering, e±–Ion Scattering, and Relativistic Bremsstrahlung
Authors: Kostenko Alexander , Thompson Christopher
Published: April 2019

This paper continues the approach of Kostenko & Thompson to calculating quantum electrodynamic processes in the ultrastrong magnetic field near some neutron stars, such as magnetars or merging binary neutron stars. Here we consider electron–positron scattering, the Coulomb scattering of electrons and positrons off ions, and relativistic e
±–ion bremsstrahlung. The evaluation of differential and total cross sections simplifies considerably when the magnetic field lies in the range 103
B
Q ≫ B ≫ B
Q, where B
Q ≡ m
2/e = 4.4 × 1013 G. Then, relativistic motion of e
± is possible even when restricted to the lowest Landau state. Accurate results for differential and total cross sections are obtained by truncating the sum over intermediate-state Landau levels and otherwise disregarding terms inversely proportional to the magnetic field, which are complicated enough to have inhibited previous attempts to calculate magnetic electron–positron scattering and relativistic bremsstrahlung. A quantitative account is made of the effects of Debye screening.
Tides Between the TRAPPIST-1 Planets
Authors: Hay Hamish C. F. C. , Matsuyama Isamu
Published: April 2019

The TRAPPIST-1 system is sufficiently closely packed that tides raised by one planet on another are significant. We investigate whether this source of tidal heating is comparable to eccentricity tides raised by the star. Assuming a homogeneous body with a Maxwell rheology, we find that energy dissipation from stellar tides always dominates over that from planet–planet tides across a range of viscosities. TRAPPIST-1 g may experience the greatest proportion of planet–planet tidal heating, where it can account for between 2% and 20% of the total amount of tidal heating, for high-viscosity (1021 Pa s) and low-viscosity (1014 Pa s) regimes, respectively. If planet–planet tidal heating is to exceed that from stellar eccentricity tides, orbital eccentricities must be no more than e = 10−3–10−4 for most of the TRAPPIST-1 planets.
The KMOS3D Survey: Demographics and Properties of Galactic Outflows at z = 0.6–2.7*
Authors: Schreiber N. M. Förster , Übler H. , Davies R. L. , Genzel R. , Wisnioski E. , Belli S. , Shimizu T. , Lutz D. , Fossati M. , Herrera-Camus R. , Mendel J. T. , Tacconi L. J. , Wilman D. , Beifiori A. , Brammer G. B. , Burkert A. , Carollo C. M. , Davies R. I. , Eisenhauer F. , Fabricius M. , Lilly S. J. , Momcheva I. , Naab T. , Nelson E. J. , Price S. H. , Renzini A. , Saglia R. , Sternberg A. , Dokkum P. van , Wuyts S.
Published: April 2019

We present a census of ionized gas outflows in 599 normal galaxies at redshift 0.6 < z < 2.7, mostly based on integral field spectroscopy of Hα, [N ii], and [S ii] line emission. The sample fairly homogeneously covers the main sequence of star-forming galaxies with masses 9.0 < log(M
*/M
⊙) < 11.7, and probes into the regimes of quiescent galaxies and starburst outliers. About one-third exhibits the high-velocity component indicative of outflows, roughly equally split into winds driven by star formation (SF) and active galactic nuclei (AGNs). The incidence of SF-driven winds correlates mainly with SF properties. These outflows have typical velocities of ∼450 km s−1, local electron densities of n
e ∼ 380 cm−3, modest mass loading factors of ∼0.1–0.2 at all galaxy masses, and energetics compatible with momentum driving by young stellar populations. The SF-driven winds may escape from log(M
*/M
⊙) ≲ 10.3 galaxies, but substantial mass, momentum, and energy in hotter and colder outflow phases seem required to account for low galaxy formation efficiencies in the low-mass regime. Faster AGN-driven outflows (∼1000–2000 km s−1) are commonly detected above log(M
*/M
⊙) ∼ 10.7, in up to ∼75% of log(M
*/M
⊙) ≳ 11.2 galaxies. The incidence, strength, and velocity of AGN-driven winds strongly correlates with stellar mass and central concentration. Their outflowing ionized gas appears denser (n
e ∼ 1000 cm−3), and possibly compressed and shock-excited. These winds have comparable mass loading factors as the SF-driven winds but carry ∼10 (∼50) times more momentum (energy). The results confirm our previous findings of high-duty-cycle, energy-driven outflows powered by AGN above the Schechter mass, which may contribute to SF quenching.
Lens Model and Source Reconstruction Reveal the Morphology and Star Formation Distribution in the Cool Spiral LIRG SGAS J143845.1+145407
Authors: Dunham Samuel J. , Sharon Keren , Florian Michael K. , Rigby Jane R. , Gladders Michael D. , Bayliss Matthew B. , Dahle Håkon , Johnson Traci L. , Murray Katherine , Whitaker Katherine E. , Wuyts Eva
Published: April 2019

We present Hubble Space Telescope (HST) imaging and grism spectroscopy of a strongly lensed LIRG at z = 0.816, SGAS 143845.1+145407, and use the magnification boost of gravitational lensing to study the distribution of star formation throughout this galaxy. Based on the HST imaging data, we create a lens model for this system; we compute the mass distribution and magnification map of the z = 0.237 foreground lens. We find that the magnification of the lensed galaxy ranges between 2 and 10, with a total magnification (measured over all the images of the source) of μ = 

. We find that the total projected mass density within ∼34 kpc of the brightest cluster galaxy is

. Using the lens model we create a source reconstruction for SGAS 143845.1+145407, which, paired with a faint detection of Hα in the grism spectroscopy, allows us to finally comment directly on the distribution of star formation in a z ∼ 1 LIRG. We find widespread star formation across this galaxy, in agreement with the current understanding of these objects. However, we note a deficit of Hα emission in the nucleus of SGAS 143845.1+145407, likely due to dust extinction.
On the Origin of the Scatter in the Red Sequence: An Analysis of Four CLASH Clusters
Authors: Connor Thomas , Kelson Daniel D. , Donahue Megan , Moustakas John
Published: April 2019

In clusters of galaxies, the red sequence is believed to be a consequence of a correlation between stellar mass and chemical abundances, with more massive galaxies being more metal-rich and, as a consequence, redder. However, there is a color scatter around the red sequence that holds even with precision photometry, implying that the galaxy population is more complicated than as described by a mass–metallicity relation. We use precision photometry from the Cluster Lensing and Supernova survey with Hubble (CLASH) to investigate what drives this scatter. In four CLASH clusters at z = 0.355 ± 0.007, we find that the optical–IR galaxy colors confirm the previously known trend of metallicity along the red sequence but also show a strong connection between stellar age and red sequence offset, with ages ranging from 3 to 8 Gyr. Starting with fixed-age color–magnitude relations motivated by the mass–metallicity correlations of CLASH cluster galaxies, and by adjusting galaxy colors through stellar population models to put them all at the age of our red sequence, we are able to reduce the, e.g., F625W–F814W scatter from 0.051 to 0.026 mag with median photometric errors of 0.029 mag. While we will extend this analysis to the full CLASH sample, in four clusters our technique already provides a color precision in near-total-light apertures to resolve the spread in stellar population formation ages that drives the scatter in the red sequence.
The 2016 June Optical and Gamma-Ray Outburst and Optical Microvariability of the Blazar 3C 454.3
Authors: Weaver Zachary R. , Balonek Thomas J. , Jorstad Svetlana G. , Marscher Alan P. , Larionov Valeri M. , Smith Paul S. , Boni Samantha J. , Borman George A. , Chapman K. J. , Jenks Leah G. , Kopatskaya Evgenia N. , Larionova Elena G. , Morozova Daria A. , Nikiforova Anna A. , Sabyr Alina , Savchenko Sergey S. , Stahlin Ryan W. , Troitskaya Yulia V. , Troitsky Ivan S. , Zhang Saiyang
Published: April 2019

The quasar 3C 454.3 underwent a uniquely structured multifrequency outburst in 2016 June. The blazar was observed in the optical R-band by several ground-based telescopes in photometric and polarimetric modes, at γ-ray frequencies by the Fermi Large Area Telescope, and at 43 GHz with the Very Long Baseline Array. The maximum flux density was observed on 2016 June 24 at both optical and γ-ray frequencies, reaching

mJy and

ph cm−2 s−1, respectively. The 2016 June outburst possessed a precipitous decay at both γ-ray and optical frequencies, with the source decreasing in flux density by a factor of 4 over a 24 hr period in the R-band. Intraday variability was observed throughout the outburst, with flux density changes between 1 and 5 mJy over the course of a night. The precipitous decay featured statistically significant quasiperiodic microvariability oscillations with an amplitude of ∼2%–3% about the mean trend and a characteristic period of 36 minutes. The optical degree of polarization jumped from ∼3% to nearly 20% during the outburst, while the position angle varied by ∼120°. A knot was ejected from the 43 GHz core on 2016 February 25, moving at an apparent speed

. From the observed minimum timescale of variability

and derived Doppler factor δ = 22.6, we find the size of the emission region r ≲ 2.6 × 1015 cm. If the quasiperiodic microvariability oscillations are caused by periodic variations of the Doppler factor of emission from a turbulent vortex, we derive the rotational speed of the vortex to be ∼0.2c.
Smoothed Particle Inference Analysis of SNR DEM L71
Authors: Frank Kari A. , Dwarkadas Vikram , Panfichi Aldo , Crum Ryan Matthew , Burrows David N.
Published: April 2019

Supernova remnants (SNRs) are complex, three-dimensional objects; properly accounting for this complexity when modeling the resulting X-ray emission presents quite a challenge and makes it difficult to accurately characterize the properties of the full SNR volume. We apply for the first time a novel analysis method called smoothed particle inference, which can be used to study and characterize the structure, dynamics, morphology, and abundances of the entire remnant with a single analysis. We apply the method to the SNe Ia remnant DEM L71. We present histograms and maps showing global properties of the remnant, including temperature, abundances of various elements, abundance ratios, and ionization age. Our analysis confirms the high abundance of Fe within the ejecta of the supernova, which has led to it being typed as a Ia. We demonstrate that the results obtained with this method are consistent with results derived from numerical simulations carried out by us, as well as with previous analyses in the literature. At the same time, we show that despite its regular appearance, the temperature and other parameter maps exhibit highly irregular substructure that is not captured with typical X-ray analysis methods.
Preventative effects of selenium-enriched Bifidobacterium longum on irinotecan-induced small intestinal mucositis in mice
Authors: Qiu Y. , Zhang J. , Ji R. , Zhou Y. , Shao L. , Chen D. , Tan J.
Published: April 2019

Intestinal mucositis is a frequent side effect in cancer patients who are treated with chemotherapy. There are no effective treatment strategies to date. To find a novel way to alleviate mucositis, the effects of selenium-enriched Bifidobacterium longum (Se-B. longum) in preventing irinotecan (CPT-11)-induced intestinal mucositis in a mouse model were investigated. We tested the ability of Se-B. longum (Se 0.6 mg/kg, 5×108 cfu/mice) to reduce small intestinal mucositis induced by CPT-11 (75 mg/kg, daily) injected intraperitoneally for four consecutive days in mice. Se-B. longum significantly decreased mortality induced by CPT-11 from 71.4% to 16.7%. CPT-11 induced body weight loss, which was alleviated by preventative and simultaneous administration of Se-B. longum. Se-B. longum significantly decreased the severity of diarrhoea from 11 to 4% compared to the CPT-11 group. Inflammation, including intestinal shortening and upregulation of tumour necrosis factor-α and interleukin-1β induced by CPT- 11, were prevented by Se-B. longum. Se-B. longum is effective in preventing small intestinal mucositis induced by CPT-11 and therefore has potential to be used clinically by cancer patients.
Effect of Bacillus subtilis KATMIRA1933 and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens B-1895 on the productivity, reproductive aging, and physiological characteristics of hens and roosters
Authors: Prazdnova E.V. , Mazanko M.S. , Chistyakov V.A. , Denisenko Y.V. , Makarenko M.S. , Usatov A.V. , Bren A.B. , Tutelyan A.V. , Komarova Z.B. , Gorlov I.F. , Weeks R. , Chikindas M.L.
Published: April 2019

The study aims at investigating the effect of preparations of two bacilli strains on laying hens and roosters. Preparations were based on the strains Bacillus subtilis KATMIRA1933 and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens B-1895. Several groups of roosters and hens received a preparation based on either strain, or a mixture of both, from the first day to the last day of poultry in production. These preparations improved egg production, quality of sperm production, quality/hatchery of eggs, and slowed down the reproductive aging of hens. These observations were confirmed by the mathematical model proposed herein. At the molecular level, the slowing down of aging was confirmed by a decrease in the amount of mitochondrial DNA damage. Monitoring the physiological parameters of the experimental and control groups of birds showed that live weight gain in all experimental groups was higher than in the control group, and the reproductive organs of hens were more developed. There was also an improvement in the biochemical parameters of blood, the quality of the sperm of roosters, the laying of laying hens, and the morphological and biochemical parameters of the eggs. One of the most significant results is an increase in egg fertilization and a decrease in embryo death during the first 7 days of incubation.
Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction in Young Females: A Systematic Review of Patellar Tendon Versus Hamstring Tendon Autografts
Authors: Salem Hytham S. , Kraeutler Matthew J. , Carter Aaron H. , Tjoumakaris Fotios P. , Freedman Kevin B.
Published: April 2019

A systematic review was performed to compare patellar tendon–bone (BTB) and hamstring tendon (HS) autografts following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction in young females, young patients, or females. One study compared BTB and HS in young females and found a lower rate of graft failure with BTB (
P
<.02). Of the 11 studies that made this comparison in females, 1 reported decreased laxity in females with BTB (
P
=.035). Of 4 studies comparing autografts in young patients, 1 reported a decreased rate of graft failure with BTB (
P
=.036). Further studies making this comparison specifically in young females are warranted. [
Orthopedics.
2019; 42(3):e295–e304.]
Disentangling the Thoughts: Latest News in Computational Argumentation
Authors: Gurevych Iryna
Published: April 2019

In this talk, I will present a bunch of papers on argument mining (co-)authored by the UKP Lab in Darmstadt. The papers have appeared in NAACL, TACL and related venues in 2018. In the first part, I will talk about large-scale argument search, classification and reasoning. In the second part, the focus will be on mitigating high annotation costs for argument annotation. Specifically, we tackle small-data scenarios for novel argument tasks, less-resourced languages or web-scale argument analysis tasks such as detecting fallacies. The talk presents the results of ongoing projects in Computational Argumentation at the Technische Universität Darmstadt [1]: Argumentation Analysis for the Web (ArguAna) [2], Decision Support by Means of Automatically Extracting Natural Language Arguments from Big Data (ArgumenText) [3].[1] https://www.ukp.tu-darmstadt.de/research/research-areas/argumentation-mining/[2] https://www.informatik.tu-darmstadt.de/ukp/research_6/current_projects/arguana/index.en.jsp[3] https://www.argumentext.de/
PRET: Prerequisite-Enriched Terminology. A Case Study on Educational Texts
Authors: Alzetta Chiara , Koceva Forsina , Passalacqua Samuele , Torre Ilaria , Adorni Giovanni
Published: April 2019

In this paper we present PRET, a gold dataset annotated for prerequisite relations between educational concepts extracted from a computer science textbook, and we describe the language and domain independent approach for the creation of the resource. Additionally, we have created an annotation tool to support, validate and analyze the annotation.
Parsing Italian texts together is better than parsing them alone!
Authors: Antonelli Oronzo , Tamburini Fabio
Published: April 2019

In this paper we present a work aimed at testing the most advanced, state-of-the-art syntactic parsers based on deep neural networks (DNN) on Italian. We made a set of experiments by using the Universal Dependencies benchmarks and propose a new solution based on ensemble systems obtaining very good performances.
Italian Event Detection Goes Deep Learning
Authors: Caselli Tommaso
Published: April 2019

This paper reports on a set of experiments with different word embeddings to initialize a state-of-the-art Bi-LSTM-CRF network for event detection and classification in Italian, following the EVENTI evaluation exercise. The network obtains a new state-of-the-art result by improving the F1 score for detection of 1.3 points, and of 6.5 points for classification, by using a single step approach. The results also provide further evidence that embeddings have a major impact on the performance of such architectures.
Is Big Five better than MBTI?
Authors: Celli Fabio , Lepri Bruno
Published: April 2019

Personality Computing from text has become popular in Natural Language Processing (NLP). For assessing gold-standard personality types, Big5 and MBTI are two popular models but still there is no comparison of the two in personality computing. With this paper, we provide for the first time a comparison of the two models from a computational perspective. To do that we exploit two multilingual datasets collected from Twitter in English, Italian, Spanish and Dutch.
Sentences and Documents in Native Language Identification
Authors: Cimino Andrea , Dell’Orletta Felice , Brunato Dominique , Venturi Giulia
Published: April 2019

Starting from a wide set of linguistic features, we present the first in depth feature analysis in two different Native Language Identification (NLI) scenarios. We compare the results obtained in a traditional NLI document classification task and in a newly introduced sentence classification task, investigating the different role played by the considered features. Finally, we study the impact of a set of selected features extracted from the sentence classifier in document classification.
Conceptual Abstractness: from Nouns to Verbs
Authors: Colla Davide , Mensa Enrico , Porporato Aureliano , Radicioni Daniele P.
Published: April 2019

Investigating lexical access, representation and processing involves dealing with conceptual abstractness: abstract concepts are known to be more quickly and easily delivered in human communications than abstract meanings (Binder et al., 2005). Although these aspects have long been left unexplored, they are relevant: abstract terms are widespread in ordinary language, as they contribute to the realisation of various sorts of figurative language (metaphors, metonymies, hyperboles, etc.). Abstractness is therefore an issue for computational linguistics, as well. In this paper we illustrate how to characterise verbs with abstractness information. We provide an experimental evaluation of the presented approach on the largest existing corpus annotated with abstraction scores: our results exhibit good correlation with human ratings, and point out some open issues that will be addressed in future work.
Effective Communication without Verbs? Sure!
Authors: Comandini Gloria , Speranza Manuela , Magnini Bernardo
Published: April 2019

Nominal utterances are very frequent, especially in social media texts, and play a crucial role as they are very dense from a semantic point of view. In spite of this, their automatic identification has received little to no attention. We have thus developed a framework for the annotation of nominal utterances and created the manually annotated corpus COSMIANU (Corpus Of Social Media Italian Annotated with Nominal Utterances), which could be used to train automatic systems.
Italian in the Trenches: Linguistic Annotation and Analysis of Texts of the Great War
Authors: De Felice Irene , Dell’Orletta Felice , Venturi Giulia , Lenci Alessandro , Montemagni⋄ Simonetta
Published: April 2019

The paper illustrates the design and development of a textual corpus representative of the historical variants of Italian during the Great War, which was enriched with linguistic (lemmatization and pos-tagging) and meta-linguistic annotation. The corpus, after a manual revision of the linguistic annotation, was used for specializing existing NLP tools to process historical texts with promising results.
Auxiliary selection in Italian intransitive verbs: a computational investigation based on annotated corpora
Authors: Ghezzi Ilaria , Bosco Cristina , Mazzei Alessandro
Published: April 2019

The purpose of this paper is the analysis of the auxiliary selection in intransitive verbs in Italian. The applied methodology consists in comparing the linguistic theory with the data extracted from two different annotated corpora: UD-IT and PoSTWITA-UD. The analyzed verbs have been classified in different semantic categories depending on the linguistic theory. The results confirm the theoretical assumptions and they could be considered as a starting point for many applicative tasks as Natural Language Generation.
Constructing an Annotated Resource for Part-Of-Speech Tagging of Mishnaic Hebrew
Authors: Giovannetti Emiliano , Albanesi Davide , Bellandi Andrea , Marchi Simone , Pecchioli Alessandra
Published: April 2019

This paper introduces the research in Part-Of-Speech tagging of mishnaic Hebrew carried out within the Babylonian Talmud Translation Project. Since no tagged resource was available to train a stochastic POS tagger, a portion of the Mishna of the Babylonian Talmud has been morphologically annotated using an ad hoc developed tool connected with the DB containing the talmudic text being translated. The final aim of this research is to add a linguistic support to the Translation Memory System of Traduco, the Computer-Assisted Translation tool developed and used within the Project.
La sentiment analysis come strumento di studio del parlato emozionale?
Authors: Mairano Paolo , Zovato Enrico , Quinci Vito
Published: April 2019

Vari studi in letteratura hanno dimostrato che il parlato emozionale è caratterizzato da vari indici acustici. Tuttavia, tali studi hanno quasi sempre utilizzato parlato recitato, ignorando il parlato elicitato in maniera ecologica a causa della difficoltà nel reperire adeguate produzioni emozionali. In questo contributo, esploriamo la possibilità di utilizzare la sentiment analysis per selezionare produzioni emozionali da corpora orali. Abbiamo utilizzato il corpus LibriSpeech, da cui abbiamo estratto valori di sentiment analysis a livello di frase e di parola, nonché vari indici acustici e spettrali associati al parlato emozionale. L’analisi della relazione tra i livelli acustico e testuale ha rivelato effetti significativi ma di portata ridotta. Questo ci fa pensare che tali due livelli (acustico e lessicale) tendano a essere relativamente indipendenti, rendendo inappropriato l’utilizzo di metriche testuali per la selezione di materiale acusticamente emozionale.
Towards SMT-Assisted Error Annotation of Learner Corpora
Authors: Okinina Nadezda , Nicolas Lionel
Published: April 2019

We present the results of prototypical experiments conducted with the goal of designing a machine translation (MT) based system that assists the annotators of learner corpora in performing orthographic error annotation. When an annotator marks a span of text as erroneous, the system suggests a correction for the marked error. The presented experiments rely on word-level and character-level Statistical Machine Translation (SMT) systems.
Word Embeddings in Sentiment Analysis
Authors: Petrolito Ruggero , Dell’Orletta Felice
Published: April 2019

In the late years sentiment analysis and its applications have reached growing popularity. Concerning this field of research, in the very late years machine learning and word representation learning derived from distributional semantics field (i.e. word embeddings) have proven to be very successful in performing sentiment analysis tasks. In this paper we describe a set of experiments, with the aim of evaluating the impact of word embedding-based features in sentiment analysis tasks.
Poétique de l’intime
Authors: Cheilan Sandra
Published: April 2019

C’est au cœur d’une crise de la représentation et de la transparence intérieures, provoquée par les découvertes scientifiques sur le psychisme, que Proust, Woolf et Pessoa fabriquent une poétique de l’intime. Nées dans des zones géographiques complémentaires, dont Paris représente le centre d’influence, les œuvres de ces trois auteurs constituent les jalons d’un parcours littéraire qui va de l’invention proustienne du roman intime à la constitution intranquille de l’intime-fiction chez Pessoa, en passant par les pratiques de réécriture féminine et politique de la Recherche qui nourrissent la fiction woolfienne.Invention, appropriation, dépassement, tels sont les moments de la micro-histoire de ce qui s'apparente à une tendance du roman dans les premières décennies du XXe siècle à construire un espace à soi, un espace fictionnel de représentation de l’intime. Du dialogisme de la notion au dialogue avec la tradition des genres autobiographiques et avec les discours épistémologiques, de l’obliquité de la parole intérieure à la découverte d’une polyphonie mentale, il s’agit de retracer les zones de dissension, d’altérité, d’hybridité et d’étrangeté de l’intime.En insistant sur le dualisme de la notion – la dialectique de l’intimité et de l’altérité constitue le fil directeur de l'ouvrage – Sandra Cheilan s'attache à cerner une poétique, au sens étymologique de fabrique, et au sens esthétique de dispositifs mis en place par les auteurs pour représenter la diversité de la vie intime. Conçu en scènes qui mettent en jeu la dialectique du corps et de la pensée, de soi et de l’autre, du dedans et du dehors, le roman revalorise l’infra-ordinaire, ce qui se joue en-deçà du romanesque et du notable, jusqu’aux limites de la représentation et du dicible.
Le principat de Trajan : entre Imperium et Libertas
Authors: Galinier Martin
Published: April 2019

Les Lettres de Pline le Jeune conservent 121 courriers de sa part à Trajan, et 51 réponses de l’empereur. Ce corpus exceptionnel permet d’apercevoir, à travers évidemment l’arbitraire du choix et la réécriture liés à l’édition, l’action de Trajan selon des cercles concentriques, de son entourage immédiat jusqu’aux confins de l’Empire, témoignant ainsi de l’articulation inédite de l’Imperium et de la libertas qui est la spécificité de son règne pour les Romains. Quatre thèmes seront ainsi abordés : le vocabulaire utilisé par Pline lors des fêtes officielles ; la comparaison avec Domitien ; l’action de Trajan à travers ses réponses à Pline ; le vocabulaire de l’affection entre les deux hommes. De cette grille d’analyse, émerge un portrait humain de l’empereur, respectueux du sénat et des institutiones de la Res publica, et surtout garant de leur libertas.
Les Omeyyades et le monde romain : entre attraction, rêves et revendications, viiie-xe siècle
Authors: Nominé Yoann
Published: April 2019

Cet article fait suite à l’intervention du colloque « imperium imperii » à Perpignan le 22 Novembre 2016. L’intervention brossait rapidement la mise en place d’un réseau de diplomates intégrés aux entités impériales, qui, par définition, n’utilisent pas la diplomatie quand ils interagissent avec des acteurs extérieurs. De manière curieuse, les Omeyyades de Cordoue sont intégrés à ce réseau judéo-chrétien par leurs clients espagnols latinophones. Cela pose la question des liens complexes qu’ils entretiennent avec le monde romain, que l’on observe dès l’époque du califat de Damas (660-750). Ceci pose une question bien plus importante : celui du désir des Omeyyades de fusionner avec le monde romain dans les premiers temps de la conquête musulmane, et de s’approprier l’Empire avec les Arabes à sa tête.
L’idée d’Empire dans une province séparatiste : le cas de l’Épire (XIIIe-XVIIe siècle)
Authors: Osswald Brendan
Published: April 2019

Province de l’Empire byzantin devenue indépendante en 1204, l’Épire entretint durant les trois siècles suivants un rapport compliqué avec l’idée impériale. Tout en refusant constamment de s’unir à l’Empire de Nicée puis à l’Empire byzantin restauré, elle tenta elle-même de devenir un Empire, avant d’inventer un modèle politique nouveau, celui du Despotat, qui associait une indépendance politique totale à un fort lien symbolique à l’Empereur byzantin, dont l’Empereur serbe prit provisoirement la place au milieu du xive siècle. Après le retour dans l’obédience byzantine, le lien continua à se distendre tandis que l’Empire ottoman parvenait pour sa part à exercer dans la région une influence bien réelle avant de l’annexer et d’en faire une de ses provinces au xve siècle.
Désenclaver le Piémont-Savoie : les aspirations maritimes d’un État montagnard
Authors: Ruelle Alexandre
Published: April 2019

Pendant près d’un millénaire, la maison de Savoie règne sur un État alpin s’ouvrant sur le grand large, entre l’acquisition de Nice en 1388 et celle de la Ligurie en 1815. En effet, la mer joue un rôle important dans l’ascension de cette dynastie aux ambitions méditerranéennes que les historiens évoquent rarement, voire ignorent. Ainsi, elle semble étrangère à son destin, bien que les Savoie soient à la tête d’une puissance maritime au début du XIXe siècle. Cet article reconsidère la place périphérique de la mer dans la Méditerranée dans la construction territoriale d’une monarchie composite dirigée par une dynastie connue comme alpine mais qui, en réalité, est tout autant méditerranéenne.