bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Adsorption of lithium ions from aqueous solution by magnetic aluminum-based adsorbents
Authors: Qin Yaru , Yang Tingfei , Shi Chenglong , Liu Bing
Published: December 2023

Magnetic aluminum-based adsorbents (MLDHs) were prepared with a coprecipitation method and used to separate lithium ions from the aqueous solutions. In static adsorption experiment, the adsorption capacity of MLDHs for lithium ions reached 8.22 mg/g. In a mixed solution of various metal ions, the adsorbents exhibited higher selectivity for lithium ions. Kinetic studies indicated that the adsorption process conformed to a pseudo-second-order model. The experimental data were fitted with nonlinear regression using commonly used adsorption isotherms. It was found that the adsorption isotherm process could be described by the Langmuir model. In addition, the thermodynamic parameters revealed that the adsorption of lithium was a spontaneous endothermic process.
Estudio exploratorio comparativo sobre seguridad ocupacional en diferentes tipos de prácticas veterinarias
Authors: Imoberdorf Carina , Signorini Marcelo , Tarabla Héctor
Published: December 2023

Los veterinarios interactúan con una amplia variedad de especies animales y ámbitos laborales que pueden exponerlos a distintos peligros. El objetivo de este trabajo preliminar fue describir y comparar aspectos de higiene y seguridad ocupacional entre veterinarios de grandes y pequeños animales. Se realizó un estudio transversal en 95 profesionales que asistieron a jornadas de actualización en la Provincia de Córdoba. El 87,4% había tenido accidentes que dificultaron o impidieron su actividad laboral y el 38,9% había sufrido zoonosis. Entre quienes trabajaban con grandes animales se registraron más profesionales con exposición solar excesiva, aprisionamiento o atropellamiento por animales, lesiones en miembros inferiores, contusiones, esguinces articulares y brucelosis. Entre quienes lo hacían con pequeñas especies hubo más encuestados con mordeduras, rasguños, traumas en miembros superiores y dermatofitosis. Los diagnósticos de zoonosis fueron efectuados mayoritariamente en los primeros años posgraduación. El uso de vestimenta laboral fue más frecuente entre quienes trabajaban sólo en pequeñas especies. Las diferencias registradas entre los tipos de prácticas en referencia al descarte de desechos potencialmente peligrosos no fueron estadísticamente significativas. Estos resultados preliminares muestran indicios sobre diferencias en accidentes laborales, zoonosis y adopción de medidas de seguridad entre las prácticas de grandes y pequeños animales.
Vivir y producir, vivir o producir. Experiencias de usos del suelo de productores del periurbano en Venado Tuerto (Santa Fe-Argentina)
Authors: Espoturno Marina
Published: December 2023

En el presente artículo me propongo analizar las experiencias de usos agropecuarios del suelo en un contexto de conflictividad ambiental asociada a la producción en el periurbano de la localidad de Venado Tuerto (Santa Fe-Argentina). Este trabajo parte de una perspectiva socioantropológica relacional y se desprende de la investigación doctoral realizada entre los años 2015-2020, recuperando parte del material de campo (entrevistas en profundidad y observaciones) construido durante dicha pesquisa. El abordaje realizado permitió dar cuenta de una tendencia hegemónica de transformación de lo rural en agropecuario a partir de la preeminencia de aspectos económico-productivos. Pese a ello, se pudieron identificar algunas transformaciones en los usos del suelo y en las prácticas productivas, así como la emergencia de “nuevas/os productores”. Se sostiene que estos procesos pueden explicarse en función de un proceso de conflictividad ambiental que se viene desplegando en los últimos años.
definición de estándares en la Agricultura 4.0. La Agricultural Industry Electronics Foundation (AEF) e ISOBUS
Authors: Vidosa Regina , Sanz Cerbino Gonzalo , Jelinski Federico
Published: December 2023

La definición de un estándar común para la interconexión de equipos electrónicos destinados a la producción agrícola constituye un punto nodal en el sendero de convergencia entre la industria de maquinaria agrícola e implementos y las nuevas tecnologías digitales de la Agricultura 4.0. Las estrategias empresariales para la definición de estándares resultan tan importantes como el control, mediante alianzas, adquisiciones y/o fusiones, de las firmas tecnológicas emergentes en las que se desarrollan las nuevas funcionalidades propias de la Agricultura 4.0.

A fin de ampliar nuestro conocimiento sobre la difusión e implementación del estándar ISOBUS y sus implicancias en el sector de la maquinaria agrícola, nos proponemos avanzar en un análisis de los orígenes, el funcionamiento y la composición de la Agricultural Industry Electronics Foundation (AEF). Utilizamos un enfoque metodológico cualitativo, a partir de la revisión de documentación y análisis bibliográfico de fuentes secundarias académicas, periodísticas y empresariales de diferente índole.
La educación sexual integral como política pública con perspectiva de género en la Provincia de La Rioja, 2019-2022
Authors: Estrada María Victoria
Published: December 2023

El presente trabajo busca dar cuenta de las intervenciones públicas llevadas adelante por el gobierno de la Provincia de La Rioja a partir de la sanción de la Ley de Educación Sexual Integral (ESI) en el año 2006. 

Para ello, en primer lugar se realiza una revisión normativa e institucional, respecto de la incorporación de la ESI en la provincia bajo la responsabilidad ejecutiva del Ministerio de Educación de la La Rioja; para luego describir las políticas públicas llevadas adelante en términos educativos y culturales. Finalmente, se reflexionará sobre las resistencias encontradas en el camino y los desafíos a futuro. Es así que se exponen determinadas políticas públicas, como ESIarte o “Chaya es amor por tu pueblo”, las cuales transparentan el vínculo entre la cultura local y su transformación a partir de la ESI. 

Si bien este trabajo presenta un abordaje descriptivo, sirve como insumo para entender los avances y resistencias que se plantean en diversas regiones del país, en este caso el noroeste argentino, a la hora de implementar esta ley nacional.
El paradigma del desarrollo sustentable y el dilema del avance científico tecnológico
Authors: Ferrer Esther H. S , Garrido Cordobera Lidia M. R. , Etcheverry Raúl A , Fernández Leonardo F , Piccinino Centeno Garrido Roque , Bermejo Paula N , Etchevers S. Francisco , Vivó Silvana C , Martinez Lima Lucia
Published: December 2023

El desarrollo sustentable entre sus múltiples implicancias importa que el logro de los avances en materia científica-tecnológica no perjudiquen la vida y el ambiente, tanto en la actualidad como para las generaciones futuras. La problemática que se presenta importa confluir la resolución de dos necesidades que requieren ser igualmente satisfechas: por un lado el necesario avance científico tecnológico y por otro lado, el desarrollo sustentable con especial enfoque en el consumo como derecho humano, centrado en los aspectos preventivos, precautorios y resarcitorios. 

En tal sentido, atendemos a las problemáticas que se plantean en torno al consumo sustentable y la afectación que pudiere producirse en algunos casos debido al avance de la ciencia y tecnología, contemplando pues aquí, aspectos de gran relevancia como los que pudieren resultar de los defectos del producto en sentido amplio, y del riesgo del desarrollo en particular. 

Estas cuestiones resultan de gran relevancia a fin de proteger efectivamente los  derechos de los consumidores y de las generaciones futuras. En tal sentido, nuestra preocupación se compromete en atender aspectos relativos a la faz resarcitoria pero fundamentalmente a la preventiva y precautoria. Para ello, tomamos como caso cuestiones relativas a la industria farmaceútica.
Параметрическое исследование полей, ассоциированных с вершиной трещины,
в условиях ползучести с учетом процессов накопления поврежденности с использованием UMAT
Authors: Чаплий Дмитрий Викторович , Chapliy Dmitrii Viktorovich , Степанова Лариса Валентиновна , Stepanova Larisa Valentinovna , Белова Оксана Николаевна , Belova Oksana Nikolaevna
Published: December 2023

Предметом исследования является анализ полей, ассоциированных с вершиной трещины, находящейся в условиях ползучести при принятии
во внимание явления накопления повреждений.
Целью работы является проведение компьютерного конечно-элементного моделирования одноосного растяжения пластины с центральной горизонтальной и наклонной
трещинами в условиях ползучести в плоской постановке задачи и анализ поля сплошности вблизи вершины трещины.
При численном моделировании используется степенной закон ползучести Бейли--Нортона. Моделирование выполнено в многофункциональном программном комплексе
SIMULIA Abaqus.
Проведен анализ окружных распределений напряжений и деформаций ползучести в окрестности вершины трещины.
Cтепенной закон ползучести с помощью пользовательской процедуры UMAT (User Material) пакета SIMULIA Abaqus был дополнен кинетическим уравнением накопления поврежденности Качанова--Работнова
в связанной постановке.
Примененная подпрограмма UMAT имеет много преимуществ при прогнозировании поврежденности материала и позволяет работать с материалами и определяющими их соотношениями,
отсутствующими в библиотеке материалов Abaqus. Подпрограмма UMAT
вызывается во всех точках расчета и обновляет напряжения и переменные состояния, зависящие от решения, до их значений в конце приращения. После чего рассчитываются обновленные элементы матрицы Якоби.
Получены распределения напряжений, деформаций и сплошности в условиях ползучести с учетом накопления поврежденности с течением времени.
Построены угловые распределения сплошности, напряжений и деформаций с течением времени на различных расстояниях от вершины трещины с применением библиотеки Matplotlib. Проведено
сравнение угловых распределений напряжений и деформаций при моделировании без учета поврежденности и в случае учета накопления
повреждений. Показано, что наличие поврежденности приводит к большим значениям деформаций ползучести и меньшим значениям напряжений.
Klimawandel und Biodiversitätskrise sind nur gemeinsam zu bewältigen
Authors: Dehnhardt Alexandra , Settele Josef
Published: December 2023

Die immensen Herausforderungen der Klima- und der Biodiversitätskrise sind nur zu bewältigen, wenn beide Politikfelder integriert betrachtet werden, da sie umfangreich interagieren. Die Wissenschaft, aber auch die globalen Institutionen haben endlich begonnen, nach gemeinsamen Lösungsansätzen zu suchen.
How to Scope 3
Authors: Deurer Jana , Haas Sofia
Published: December 2023

Scope-3-Emissionen sind für einen Großteil der Treibhausgasemissionen von Unternehmen verantwortlich und damit zentral für eine nachhaltige Transformation der Wirtschaft. Dieser Artikel erläutert die Bilanzierung von Scope-3-Emissionen und damit verbundene Chancen, Herausforderungen und Reduktionsmaßnahmen und hilft so bei der Umsetzung der neuen Anforderungen in der Nachhaltigkeitsberichterstattung.
Optimization of Methylene Blue Dye Adsorption in Fixed Bed Column Packed with Tea Waste via Response Surface Methodology
Authors: Sylvia Novi , Dewi Rozanna , Zulnazri Zulnazri , Setiawan Hendi , Humaira Dinda , Reza Mutia
Published: December 2023

Tea waste is a low-cost alternative material for making adsorbent to remove methylene blue from synthetic dye wastewater perpetually. Optimization of the adsorbent process utilized Response Surface Methodology (RSM) and a continuously operating system in a fixed bed column. The independent variables in the research are X1 (bed height), X2 (contact time), and X3 (flow rate). The dependent variable is Y1 (removal efficiency) with a matrix design by Box-Behnken. The optimum condition of methylene blue (MB) B removal was found at X1=16 cm, X2=90 min, and X3=4 L/min with an adsorption efficiency of 90.45%. After the activation and adsorption of MB dye, the complete FTIR spectrum shows a distinct peak at 2933.7 cm-1. The results of the EDX analysis performed on tea waste reveal the presence of nitrogen (element N) following the adsorption process. This observation strongly suggests that the tea waste has effectively absorbed MB, as nitrogen is a constituent element found in the molecular structure of MB.
Utilising a STEAM-based Approach to Support Calculus Students’ Positive Attitudes Towards Mathematics and Enhance their Learning Outcomes
Authors: Breda Ana , Neves António , Dos Santos José , Lavicza Zsolt
Published: December 2023

The curricular unit Calculus I – Extraordinary Semester (UCCISE) – was explicitly created to respond to students’ difficulties in the curriculum unit Calculus I (UCCI). Only students who fail the UCCI are allowed to attend UCCISE. Considering the enrolled students’ familiarity with mathematical software, the potential of group work to stimulate collaboration among students, and the existence of several art pieces on the University Campus, led to the proposal of a groups’ project focusing on the calculus of areas based on sections of these pieces. Hence, a STEAM approach emerged to achieve the suggested UCCISE objectives. This study aims to understand how using a STEAM approach in a higher education Calculus course could improve students’ perceptions of mathematics, promote their learning, and contribute to lower levels of failure in UCCISE, using teaching experiments as a research methodology. Four researchers were involved in this study, including the Calculus teacher, so this study has action research characteristics. The interpretive paradigm of analysis was used with the triangulation of data. The collected data come from the students’ productions, interviews, and final questionnaires. Results show that the work developed by the 35 students was relevant and should be a practice to be used in UCCI. This experience led to a reduction in the levels of failure compared to the UCCI. However, in the first years at a university level, STEAM approaches are still challenging.
Properties of meromorphic solutions of first-order differential-difference equations
Authors: Wu Lihao , Chen Baoqin , Li Sheng
Published: December 2023

For the first-order differential-difference equations of the form

A

(

z

)

f

(

z
+
1

)

+
B

(

z

)

f
′

(

z

)

+
C

(

z

)

f

(

z

)

=
F

(

z

)

,

A\left(z)f\left(z+1)+B\left(z)f^{\prime} \left(z)+C\left(z)f\left(z)=F\left(z),

where

A

(

z

)

,
B

(

z

)

,
C

(

z

)

A\left(z),B\left(z),C\left(z)

, and

F

(

z

)

F\left(z)

are polynomials, the existence, growth, zeros, poles, and fixed points of their nonconstant meromorphic solutions are investigated. It is shown that all nonconstant meromorphic solutions are transcendental when

deg
B

(

z

)

<
deg

{

A

(

z

)

+
C

(

z

)

}

+
1

{\rm{\deg }}B\left(z)\lt {\rm{\deg }}\left\{A\left(z)+C\left(z)\right\}+1

and all transcendental solutions are of order at least 1. For the finite-order transcendental solution

f

(

z

)

f\left(z)

, the relationship between

ρ

(

f

)

\rho (f)

and

max

{

λ

(

f

)

,
λ

(

1
∕
f

)

}

\max \left\{\lambda (f),\lambda \left(1/f)\right\}

is discussed. Some examples for sharpness of our results are provided.
Religious Belief, Occurrent Thought, and Reasonable Disagreement
Authors: Schmidt Eva
Published: December 2023

This comment raises two worries for Crane’s view of religious beliefs and their contents. First, I argue that his appeal to inferentialism about the contents of dispositional beliefs cannot fully avoid the problem of inconsistent beliefs. For the same problem can be raised for occurrent thought, and the inferentialist solution is not available there. Second, I argue that religious beliefs differ from ordinary beliefs with respect to their justification in cases of peer disagreements. This suggests that noncognitivism about religious beliefs, which Crane opposes, is the correct view after all.
The Spectre of the Machine: Finding Space for Empirical Inventions in Patent Law
Authors: Sherman Brad
Published: December 2023

The spectre of the machine and the mechanical jurisprudence that accompanies it have dominated patent law for over a century. This article offers three examples where we can see the influence of the figure of the machine in patent law: in the way the history of organic chemistry has been viewed, in the way that the law first interacted with biological inventions, and finally in the way that many commentators think about AI-machine generated inventions. I end by offering a different way of thinking about inventions that allows us to move beyond the spectre of the machine to give space for more speculative empirical inventions.
Non-singular Logics of Intellectual Property in Biomedical Innovation
Authors: Nadh P Omkar , Devarapalli Pratap , Balaji Sruthi
Published: December 2023

The role of intellectual property in biomedical innovation is often construed by the source of its funding viz. public or private. While privately funded innovations are assumed to rely on intellectual property for monopolistic expansions and profit gains, publicly funded research is expected to serve the broader social good without proprietary constraints. In the light of the accumulating evidence over the last few decades, it is now understood that this causal narrative, appears simplistic. To gain a deeper understanding of innovation, whether profit-driven or socially oriented, it is crucial to examine the broader context of basic and translational research. This article investigates the management of intellectual property within two significant biomedical research funding organizations: the publicly funded United States National Institutes of Health (NIH) and the public-private-philanthropic partnership, the Coalition for Epidemic Preparedness Innovations (CEPI). The findings reveal that despite different claims about intellectual property strategies, these institutions exhibit similar practices influenced by the spectre of larger privatisation processes intrinsic to global market forces. This analysis suggests that a singular logic of one-size-fits-all approach to intellectual property is inadequate in promoting biomedical innovation for the greater public good.
Pathways to the medieval hospital: collective osteobiographies of poverty and charity
Authors: Inskip Sarah , Cessford Craig , Dittmar Jenna , Rose Alice , Mulder Bram , O'Connell Tamsin , Mitchell Piers D. , Scheib Christiana , Hui Ruoyun , Kivisild Toomas , Price Mary , Stock Jay , Robb John
Published: December 2023

Medieval hospitals were founded to provide charity, but poverty and infirmity were broad and socially determined categories and little is known about the residents of these institutions and the pathways that led them there. Combining skeletal, isotopic and genetic data, the authors weave a collective biography of individuals buried at the Hospital of St John the Evangelist, Cambridge. By starting with the physical remains, rather than historical expectations, they demonstrate the varied life courses of those who were ultimately buried in the hospital's cemetery, illustrating the diverse faces of medieval poverty and institutional notions of charity. The findings highlight the value of collective osteobiography when reconstructing the social landscapes of the past.
Loneliness Is Associated With Lower Self- and Clinician-Rated Levels of Personality Functioning
Authors: Kunz Julia I. , Frey Anna , Bertsch Katja , Barton Barbara B. , Blei Leonie , Schirle Hannah M. , Konvalin Franziska , Jobst Andrea , Musil Richard , Padberg Frank , Reinhard Matthias A.
Published: December 2023

Personality disorders (PDs) are associated with interpersonal dysfunction, loneliness, and reduced social embeddedness. This study investigates loneliness and social network size in association with self- and clinician-rated personality functioning regarding the DSM-5's Alternative Model for Personality Disorders (AMPD). Eighty psychiatric inpatients including participants with and without PDs completed the Semi-structured Interview for Personality Functioning, the Level of Personality Functioning Scale - Brief Form, the UCLA Loneliness Scale, and the Social Network Index. Patients with PDs reported more loneliness and personality dysfunctioning than patients without PDs. Social network size did not differ between patient groups and showed lower correlations with personality functioning compared to loneliness. Loneliness was further associated with deficits in personality functioning. Deficits in distinct AMPD domains and loneliness may constitute transdiagnostically relevant factors that are related and mutually reinforcing. This could be important for identifying patients beyond PD diagnoses who are at risk of poor psychosocial functioning and require tailored psychotherapy.
Clinical Relevance of Uric Tobacco-Specific Nitrosamine and Severe Abdominal Aortic Calcification in a National Survey of the United States
Authors: Wang Fang , Zheng Jingang
Published: December 2023

Background: This cross-sectional study is the first investigation of the relationships among uric tobacco-specific nitrosamine (TSNA), N′-nitrosonornicotine (NNN), and abdominal aortic calcification (AAC) in adults in the United States.

Methods: The final sample (2713 participants 40 years of age and older) was obtained from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2013–2014. The risk of severe AAC according to uric NNN, the dose–response relationship between uric NNN and severe AAC, and the threshold effect were analyzed with multivariate logistic regression models, a cubic spline model, and a two-piecewise linear regression model, respectively.

Results: In the fully adjusted model, the odds ratio (and 95% confidence interval) of severe AAC for participants in the high uric NNN group with respect to the low uric NNN group was 2.39 (1.59–3.61) (P < 0.001). After adjustment for multiple covariates, the risk of severe AAC increased 1.515-fold for every 1 ng/dL increase in uric NNN when the concentration of uric NNN was below 1.354 ng/dL. The association between uric NNN and severe AAC was stable among various subgroups.

Conclusion: In a sample of United States civilians, uric NNN levels positively correlated with the risk of severe AAC.
Interareal Synaptic Inputs Underlying Whisking-Related Activity in the Primary Somatosensory Barrel Cortex
Authors: Kawatani Masahiro , Horio Kayo , Ohkuma Mahito , Li Wan-Ru , Yamashita Takayuki
Published: December 2023

Body movements influence brain-wide neuronal activities. In the sensory cortex, thalamocortical bottom-up inputs and motor-sensory top-down inputs are thought to affect the dynamics of membrane potentials (Vm) of neurons and change their processing of sensory information during movements. However, direct perturbation of the axons projecting to the sensory cortex from other remote areas during movements has remained unassessed, and therefore the interareal circuits generating motor-related signals in sensory cortices remain unclear. Using aGi/o-coupled opsin, eOPN3, we here inhibited interareal signals incoming to the whisker primary somatosensory barrel cortex (wS1) of awake male mice and tested their effects on whisking-related changes in neuronal activities in wS1. Spontaneous whisking in air induced the changes in spike rates of a subset of wS1 neurons, which were accompanied by depolarization and substantial reduction of slow-wave oscillatory fluctuations ofVm. Despite an extensive innervation, inhibition of inputs from the whisker primary motor cortex (wM1) to wS1 did not alter the spike rates andVmdynamics of wS1 neurons during whisking. In contrast, inhibition of axons from the whisker-related thalamus (wTLM) and the whisker secondary somatosensory cortex (wS2) to wS1 largely attenuated the whisking-related supra- and sub-thresholdVmdynamics of wS1 neurons. Notably, silencing inputs from wTLM markedly decreased the modulation depth of whisking phase-tuned neurons in wS1, while inhibiting wS2 inputs did not impact the whisking variable tuning of wS1 neurons. Thus, sensorimotor integration in wS1 during spontaneous whisking is predominantly facilitated by direct synaptic inputs from wTLM and wS2 rather than from wM1.
Optogenetics Reveals Roles for Supporting Cells in Force Transmission to and From Outer Hair Cells in the Mouse Cochlea
Authors: Lukashkina Victoria A. , Levic Snezana , Simões Patricio , Xu Zhenhang , Li Yuju , Haugen Trevor , Zuo Jian , Lukashin Andrei N. , Russell Ian J.
Published: December 2023

Outer hair cells (OHCs) of the organ of Corti (OoC), acting as bidirectional cellular mechanoelectrical transducers, generate, receive, and exchange forces with other major elements of the cochlear partition, including the sensory inner hair cells (IHCs). Force exchange is mediated via a supporting cell scaffold, including Deiters’ (DC) and outer pillar cells (OPC), to enable the sensitivity and exquisite frequency selectivity of the mammalian cochlea and to transmit its responses to the auditory nerve. To selectively activate DCs and OPCs in male and female mice, we conditionally expressed in them a hyperpolarizing halorhodopsin (HOP), a light-gated inward chloride ion pump, and measured extracellular receptor potentials (ERPs) and their DC component (ERPDCs) from the cortilymph, which fills the OoC fluid spaces, and compared the responses with similar potentials from HOP−/−littermates. The compound action potentials (CAP) of the auditory nerve were measured as an indication of IHC activity and transmission of cochlear responses to the CNS. HOP light-activated hyperpolarization of DCs and OPCs suppressed cochlear amplification through changing the timing of its feedback, altered basilar membrane (BM) responses to tones at all measured levels and frequencies, and reduced IHC excitation. HOP activation findings reported here complement recent studies that revealed channelrhodopsin activation depolarized DCs and OPCs and effectively bypassed, rather than blocked, the control of OHC mechanical and electrical responses to sound and their contribution to timed and directed electromechanical feedback to the mammalian cochlea. Moreover, our findings identify DCs and OPCs as potential targets for the treatment of noise-induced hearing loss.
Theoretical Approaches to Disrupting Historical Trauma Among Two-Spirit and Indigenous LGBTQ+ Elders
Authors: Bryer Chase , BlackDeer Autumn Asher , Gillani Braveheart , Lewis Jordan P
Published: December 2023

Introduction: Indigenous holistic theory (IHT) is a multi-faceted framework grounded in traditional cultural knowledge that emphasizes Indigenous world views, cultures, and traditions with a focus on the spiritual, emotional, mental, and physical elements of health and wellness (Absolon, 2010). Objective: To describe the role of historical trauma and health-related behaviours among Two-Spirit and Indigenous lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer or questioning (2S/LGBTQ+) Elders and how the emergence of IHT and its guiding constructs could work to inform culturally responsive interventions for the study population. Method: IHT constructs were applied to historical trauma intervention tailoring among Indigenous 2S/LGBTQ+ Elders, including a relevant theoretical model. Results: Applying the IHT framework to Indigenous 2S/LGBTQ+ Elder interventions could be an effective pathway for understanding the population while helping to inform more culturally responsive health promotion efforts that will lead to wellness in later life. Discussion/Conclusion: The paper concludes with a discussion of how IHT helps to advance our knowledge about addressing historical trauma most responsively, along with future research recommendations.
The Becak Drivers Indramayu in Jakarta 1970-1990
Authors: Firdaus Mohamad Kamil
Published: December 2023

Abstrak: Penelitian ini membahas sejarah sosial penarik becak Indramayu di Jakarta, pada tahun 1970-1990. Sejumlah masalah pedesaan di Indramayu yang dialami oleh warga Indramayu meliputi kemiskinan, modernisasi teknologi bidang pertanian, lapangan pekerjaan dan musim paceklik. Daya tarik kota menjadi magnet migrasi warga Indramayu ke Jakarta. Penarik becak merupakan pekerjaan sektor informal kota yang banyak mempekerjakan pendatang dari daerah luar Jakarta, termasuk pendatang dari Indramayu. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode sejarah yakni heuristik, kritik sumber, interpretasi, dan historiografi. Hasil temuan dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa penarik becak berhasil memperoleh penghasilan tambahan pada kurun waktu 1970-1980an. Memasuki tahun 1985-1990, ada banyak hal yang dialami penarik becak selama di sana, yakni masalah pembersihan becak di Jakarta yang diberlakukan oleh Pemerintah DKI Jakarta, mengharuskan penarik becak kembali ke desa tahun 1990, meski begitu tidak sedikit memilih bertahan mencari pekerjaan lain dan mengikuti aturan yang berlaku.

 

 

Abstract: This study discusses the social history of Indramayu becak drivers in Jakarta, in 1970-1990. A number of rural problems in Indramayu experienced by Indramayu residents include poverty, modernization of agricultural technology, employment and famine. The attractiveness of the city has become a migration magnet for Indramayu residents to Jakarta. Becak drivers are an urban informal sector job that employs many migrants from areas outside Jakarta, including migrants from Indramayu. This study uses historical methods, namely heuristics, source criticism, interpretation, and historiography. The findings from this study indicate that the becak drivers managed to earn additional income during the 1970-1980s. Entering 1985-1990, there were many things that were experienced by the becak drivers while there, namely the problem of cleaning the rickshaws in Jakarta which was enforced by the Government of DKI Jakarta, requiring the becak drivers to return to the village in 1990, even so many chose to stay looking for other jobs and follow applicable rules.
Ulama Intelektual Abad 15-16 M
Authors: Yuliana Meli
Published: December 2023

Abstrak

Intelektual Muslim dapat dipahami orang yang memiliki kecerdasan dan pemahaman terhadap agama maupun ilmu pengetahuan serta kepekaan pada masalah sosial, dengan menjadikan islam sebagai pandangan hidup dan landasan dalam berpikir. Ulama sebagai intelektual muslim tidak hanya mampu menguasai ajaran agama, namun juga ulama sebagai penggerak dalam penyebaran dan perkembangan islam di Indonesia. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif dengan jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah kepustakaan (Library Research). Metode penelitian yang digunakan ialah metode penelitian sejarah yaitu heuristik, kritik, interpretasi dan historiografi. Adapun ulama-ulama intelektual pada abad 15-16 M diantaranya yaitu: Syekh Hamzah al-Fansuri,, Syekh Syamsudin as-Sumatrani, dan Wali Songo yakni Sunan Gresik, Sunan Ampel, Sunan Bonang, Sunan Drajat, Sunan Kalijaga, Sunan Kudus, Sunan Muria, Sunan Gunung Djati dan Sunan Giri. Ulama tersebut adalah intelektual muslim yang sangat berperan penting dalam islamisasi di Indonesia.

Kata Kunci: Ulama, Intelektual, Indonesia.

Abstract

Muslim intellectuals can be understood by people who have intelligence and understanding of religion and science as well as sensitivity to social issues, by making Islam a way of life and a basis for thinking. Cleric as Muslim intellectuals are not only able to master religious teachings, but also as a driving force in the spread and development of Islam in Indonesia. This research is a qualitative research with the type of research used is library. The research method used is historical research methods, namely heuristics, criticism, interpretation and historiography. The intellectual scholars in the 15-16 M centuries included: Syekh Hamza al-Fansuri, Syekh Syamsudin as-Sumatrani, and Wali Songo namely Sunan Gresik, Sunan Ampel, Sunan Bonang, Sunan Drajat, Sunan Kalijaga, Sunan Kudus, Sunan  Muria, Sunan Gunung Djati and Sunan Giri. These scholars are Muslim intellectuals who play an important role in the Islamization of Indonesia.

Keywords: Cleric, Intellectual, Indonesia.
Why personalized surgery is the future of hip and knee arthroplasty: a statement from the Personalized Arthroplasty Society
Authors: Vendittoli Pascal-André , Riviere Charles , Hirschmann Michael T , Bini Stefano
Published: December 2023

Although hip and knee joint replacements provide excellent clinical results, many patients still do not report the sensation and function of a natural joint. The perception that the joint is artificial may result from the anatomical modifications imposed by the surgical technique and the implant design. Moreover, the joint replacement material may not function similarly to human tissues.

To restore native joint kinematics, function, and perception, three key elements play a role: (i) joint morphology (articular surface geometry, bony anatomy, etc.), (ii) lower limb anatomy (alignment, joint orientation), and (iii) soft tissue laxity/tension.

To provide a ‘forgotten joint’ to most patients, it is becoming clear that personalizing joint replacement is the key solution. Performing a personalized joint replacement starts with patient selection and preoperative optimization, followed by using a surgical technique and implant design aimed at restoring the patient’s native anatomy, creating optimal implant-to-bone stress transfer, restoring the joint’s native articular range of motion without imposed limitations, macro- and micro-stability of the soft tissues, and a bearing whose wear resistance provides lifetime survivorship with unrestricted activities. In addition, the whole perioperative experience should follow enhanced recovery after surgery principles, favoring a rapid and complication-free recovery.

As a new concept, some confusion may arise when applying these personalized surgery principles. Therefore, the Personalized Arthroplasty Society was created to help structure and accelerate the adoption of this paradigm change. This statement from the Society on personalized arthroplasty will serve as a reference that will evolve with time.
Current indications for denosumab in benign bone tumours
Authors: Imre Antal , Zoltán Sápi , Miklós Szendrői
Published: December 2023

Denosumab is a fully humanised monoclonal antibody to RANK ligand, inhibiting the RANK–RANKL pathway. It promotes the apoptosis of osteoclast-like giant cells, a secondary ossification and connective tissue formation.

Given its high efficacy, denosumab is the standard treatment of unresectable or metastatic giant cell tumour of bone (GCTB) requiring morbid surgery.

Neoadjuvant administration of denosumab may be justified to enable the resection of the tumour in certain cases; it should be considered, however, with caution for joint-saving surgery due to high local recurrence rates.

In cases of unresectable or metastatic GCTB, however, denosumab treatment should be administered for years or even as a lifelong therapy. This poses many yet unanswered questions concerning the frequency of denosumab treatment as well as the ratio of the adverse events in the following years.

Denosumab suppresses, not directly targets, the neoplastic stromal cells of GCTB. Ongoing in vitro studies suggest that other drugs alone or in combination (e.g. sunitinib) with denosumab may target both the neoplastic and the giant cells.

Promising results have been reported regarding the off-label use of denosumab in other giant cell-rich tumours/tumour-like lesions, i.e. aneurysmal bone cysts and central giant cell granulomas. Data are derived, however, mostly from case reports and case series. Large prospective clinical trials are needed to evaluate the role and also the side effects of denosumab in the treatment of these rare diseases.
The efficacy and safety of tranexamic acid in transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Luo Hua , Yan Xueli , Ren Yu , Zhang Han , Pan Wenjun
Published: December 2023

Purpose

This meta-analysis aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of tranexamic acid (TXA) in transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF), focusing on its impact on intraoperative blood loss and related outcomes.

Methods

The review process was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. We searched the PubMed, EMBASE, Medline, and Cochrane Library databases to identify all literature related with TXA and TLIF. Finally, five trials ultimately meeting the inclusion criteria. Continuous variables were analyzed using mean difference and categorical variables were analyzed using Peto odds ratio, via random effects models.

Results

The meta-analysis revealed a significant reduction in intraoperative blood loss associated with TXA use during TLIF, as confirmed by the RCTs. However, the impact of TXA on other outcomes, such as postoperative drainage volume, total blood loss, and length of hospital stay, remains inconclusive due to limited data. No severe complications related to TXA use were reported, providing preliminary evidence of its safety in TLIF.

Conclusion

TXA appears to effectively reduce intraoperative blood loss in TLIF, based on the available RCT evidence. However, further research is needed to provide a comprehensive assessment of TXA’s overall impact on various outcomes in this context. This meta-analysis underscores the importance of ongoing investigation to establish the full potential and safety profile of TXA in TLIF procedures.
DOLANDIRICILIK BENZERİ SUÇLAR BAĞLAMINDA ALMAN CEZA KANUNU §265a’DA DÜZENLENMİŞ OLAN “KARŞILIKSIZ YARARLANMA SUÇU”NA İLİŞKİN BİR İNCELEME
Authors: EKİCİ Meral
Published: December 2023

Alman Ceza Kanunu §263a-265d arasında dolandırıcılığa benzer suç tipleri düzenlenmiştir. Bu suçların ortak özelliği, malvarlığına karşı işlenmeleri ve bazı unsurları itibariyle dolandırıcılık suçuyla benzerlik göstermeleridir.

Dolandırıcılıkla olan ilişkileri esas alındığında, Alman Ceza Kanununda yer alan suçlar üç gruba ayırarak incelenebilir.

Birinci grupta, gerçek bir kişi aldatılmadan, mağdurun malvarlığında zarar meydana gelen suçlar yer alır. Karşılıksız yararlanma ve bilgisayar dolandırıcılığı bu suçlardandır. Bu iki suç tipinde de mağdur, malvarlığı itibariyle bir zarara uğrar. Ancak bu zarar, klasik dolandırıcılık suçundaki gibi bir insanın aldatılması neticesinde meydana gelmez. Aldatılan bir makine, program veya sistemdir.

Dolandırıcılık benzeri suçların ikinci grubunu, suçun oluşması için aldatıcı davranışların yapılmasının yeterli olduğu, ayrıca bir zararın meydana gelmesinin aranmadığı tehlike suçları oluşturur. Hukuki değere ilişkin cezai korumayı öne çeken AlCK §264’te düzenlenmiş olan sübvansiyon (iktisadi devlet yardımı) dolandırıcılığı, §264a’da düzenlenmiş olan yatırım dolandırıcılığı ve §265b’de düzenlenmiş olan kredi dolandırıcılığı suçları bu grup içinde yer alır. Öğretide, AlCK §298’de yer alan “ihalelerde rekabeti ihlal eden”, kartele yol açan anlaşmalar yapılması suçunun da rekabeti sınırlandıran eylemleri cezai yaptırıma bağlayan 26. bölümde düzenlenmiş olmasına rağmen, dolandırıcılık suçuna benzediği için bu gruba dâhil edilmesi gerektiğine ilişkin görüşler vardır.

Dolandırıcılık benzeri suçlara ilişkin üçüncü grupta, AlCK §265’te düzenlenmiş olan sigorta istismarı suçu yer almaktadır. Sigorta istismarı suçunda, AlCK §263’te düzenlenmiş olan dolandırıcılık suçunda olduğu gibi bir aldatma söz konusu olmadığı gibi sigorta şirketinin malvarlığında bir zarar meydana gelmesi de aranmamaktadır. Dolandırıcılık suçunun düzenlendiği AlCK §263 ile AlCK §265’te düzenlenmiş olan sigorta istismarı suçu, manevi unsur açısından benzerlik gösterir. Her iki suç tipinde de fail, kendisine veya başkasına bir yarar sağlama kastıyla hareket eder.

Bu çalışmada; Alman Ceza Kanunu §265a’da düzenlenen, dolandırıcılık benzeri suçlardan karşılıksız yararlanma suçu incelenmiştir. Suçun ortaya çıkışı, unsurları, suç tipine ilişkin uygulamada karşılaşılan sorunlar, Alman yargı içtihatları ve öğreti dikkate alınarak irdelenmiştir. Çalışmada ayrıca, Alman Ceza Kanunu §265a’da düzenlenmiş olan karşılıksız yararlanma suçu esaslı noktaları itibariyle Türk Ceza Kanunu m. 163 ile karşılaştırılmıştır. İki ülke kanunlarında düzenlenmiş olan karşılıksız yararlana suçları arasındaki benzer ve farklı yönler tespit edilerek, Türk uygulama ve literatürüne katkı sağlanması amaçlanmıştır.
War-induced stress and resources of socio-psychological resilience: A review of theoretical conceptualizations
Authors: Stepanenko Viktor , Zlobina Olena , Golovakha Yevhen , Dembitskyi Serhii , Naidionova Lubov
Published: December 2023

The article presents a review, analysis, and an attempt of methodological adaptation of relevant social and psychological research to the problems and realities of stressful situations of the Russian-Ukrainian war. In particular, it is about the role and functions of mediative resources in overcoming and buffering stressful situations caused by war, adaptation and formation of social psychological resilience. The specificity of stressful situation during the war is analyzed. It is noted that war is an emergency situation and a traumatic event, which is not aimed at individuals, but at the population as a whole. In such conditions, the population experiences continuous traumatic stress (CTS). Within the framework of the sociological approach to the study of stress and resources to overcome it, the Stress Process Model elaborated by L. Pearlin is characterized. The main theoretical conceptualizations of the resource approach to stress by S. Hobfoll are outlined and analyzed, in particular key resource theories, integrated resource models and the conservation of resources theory (COR). Resource mechanisms and mediating function of resources in adaptation and coping with stress are studied. In the sociological perspective of further studies of the stressful conditions of the Russian-Ukrainian war, the special role of social relations as a psychological resource and social capital that contribute to stress buffering is noted. The authors conclude that in the perspective of a long war and its consequences, the important tasks of society and of the state are to preserve and increase the resources of internal cohesion, solidarity and resilience, along with the support of various forms of self-organization of national resistance.
ФОРМУВАННЯ «СУСПІЛЬСТВА ЗНАНЬ»: ПРОБЛЕМИ І СУПЕРЕЧНОСТІ
Authors: MYKHAILIUK Oleksandr , VERSHYNA Viktoriia
Published: December 2023

«Суспільство знань» розглядається як суспільство з новою якістю проблем. Розглядаються антропологічні та соціально-політичні аспекти проблеми реалізації концепції «суспільства знань».«Суспільство знань» на сьогоднішній день постає як умоглядна концепція чи ідеологема, котру визначають, наголошуючи на зростанні ролі знання у життєдіяльності сучасної людини в найрізноманітніших його вимірах та формах. Втім, єдиної моделі суспільства знань не існує. В процесі практичного втілення стратегії «суспільства знань» проявилися численні проблеми та суперечності самої концепції. Так, в сполученні з поняттями «інформаційне суспільство», «суспільство знань» і як похідні від них в ужиток входять поняття «кліпова-культура», кліпове мислення», «кліпова свідомість», «функціональна неграмотність», «постправда» тощо. Це позначається не лише на якості знань, освіти, наукових досліджень, а й на самих когнітивних здібностях людини. Відбувається, якщо можна сказати, «інтелектуальне спрощення» людини.
Coherent optical gyroscope on the basis of the bidirectional ultra-short pulse Erbium ring fiber laser
Authors:   Dianov Fiber Optics Research Center, Krylov Alexsander A.
Published: December 2023

A gyroscopic effect has been studied in the bidirectional ultra-short pulse erbium-doped fiber ring laser hybridly mode-locked with a co-action of a Single-Walled Carbon Nanotube-based saturable absorber (SWCNT-SA) and Nonlinear Polarization Evolution introduced by means of the short-segment polarizing fiber. Owing to the Kerr nonlinearity contribution through self-phase modulation and self-steepening effects to the carrier-to-envelope phase slip of both clockwise (CW) and counterclockwise (CCW) solitons, wideband controllable tuning of a gyroscope bias point has been demonstrated by means of an appropriate adjustment of either intracavity polarization or pump power. Angular velocity detected ranges from 0.12 deg/s to 360 deg/s while the highest rotation sensitivity reaches 7 kHz/(deg/s) for 0.79 m2 single-coil ring gyroscope being in agreement with the calculated scale factor value. The gyroscope dead band with upper limit of ≈5.15 deg/s corresponding to the beat-note frequency of ≈15 kHz has been detected during clockwise rotation of the gyroscope. The highest gyroscope resolution of ≈0.01 deg/s=38 deg/h has been estimated on the basis of the bias point drift measurement.
Historical and scientific aspects of fiber-optic distributed acoustic sensors development
Authors:   Perm Federal Research Center, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Turov Artyom T.
Published: December 2023

This paper presents a description and analysis of the historical development of fiber-optic distributed acoustic monitoring as a field of science and technology. The review includes the background to the emergence of such a field of research, the problems that scientists and inventors faced, as well as the methods by which they were solved and the technologies that were used. The directions of development of the industry at the present time are given. Based on all of the above material, assumptions were made about the trends in the further development of the field of fiber-optic distributed sensors of physical quantities.
SOCIAL WELFARE AND RELIGION
Authors: Tasrif Khoirun Nisa' , Setiyani Wiwik
Published: December 2023

The Covid-19 pandemic has colored socio-religious life to this day. One way to respond to the pandemic is by carrying out social activities that benefit the community. This article will discuss three academic problems, including; First, how did the idea of sadaqah centelan come about during the Covid-19 pandemic. Second, how to innovate social action with sadaqah centelan. Third, how the community responds to sadaqah centelan as social action innovation. This research was conducted at the Al-Karomah mosque in Wiyung Surabaya. The data collection method used in-depth interviews with people directly involved in the sadaqah centelan activity at the Al-Karomah mosque. Some of the research findings include; first, effectiveness, efficiency, and on target with the assistance provided by the mosque for worshipers who stop at the mosque or live around the Wiyung area; second, the implementation of the sadaqah centelan is carried out by taking the alms that the mosque management has provided for congregations who have economic limitations. On the other hand, those who can give alms can take the alms package program, which varies nominal value. Third, the community appreciates the initiation of the committee, which can provide convenience and comfort to the congregation. Sadaqah centelan is an effective and efficient strategy in reducing the risk of spreading covid-19. The innovation in charity teaches Muslims to increase social worship and create a social distraction during the pandemic can be an inspiration for other mosques in grounding alms in innovative ways.