bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Artificial Intelligence Techniques for Cancer Detection in Medical Image Processing: A Review
Authors: Et. al. Er. Charnpreet kaur,
Published: April 2021

Cancer is the uncontrolled growth of abnormal cells in any part of a body.  Cancer is a broad term for a group of diseases caused when abnormal cells grows in different body parts. There are more than hundred types of Cancer such as Lung cancer, Breast cancer, Skin cancer, Oral cancer, Colon cancer and Prostate cancer. Delay in treatment can cause serious health issues, even cause loss of life. This paper gives the review on methods of detection of lung cancer and brain cancer and liver using image processing. The methods used for detection are Automated and computer-aided detection system (CAD) with artificial intelligence and these methods are good to process a large datasets to provide accurate and efficient results in the detection of cancer. However, these processing system have to face many challenges to implement on large scale including imageacquisition,  pre-processing, segmentation, and data management and classification strategies to be compatible with AI. This paper reviews the various image acquisition and segmentation techniques. These techniques become the need of an hour to cater the growing patient population and for the improvement in the Healthcare system.
Composition and amount of nutrients entering the soil with cotton biomass and green manure
Authors: Et. al. Hasanova Aynur Oruj,
Published: April 2021

The experience of developed countries in the field of agriculture and research results show that high efficiency from mineral fertilizers can be obtained on fertile soils. That is, the soil should contain a large amount of organic substances, microelements, beneficial microorganisms, various enzymes that activate microbiological processes, normalize and optimize the nutritional, thermal and water-physical properties of the soil. This can be achieved by regularly applying crop residues and organic fertilizers to the soil. Siderata - green fertilizers - are of great importance for increasing soil fertility.
A Review Paper on AutomaticSun Tracking System Using on Application of Robotic System
Authors: Et. al. Jitendra Gupta,
Published: April 2021

In this paper we will discuss about the Automatic sun tracking system which we will implement on metal detectionaobotic system, where robotic spontaneous sun tracing system is a hybrid hardware/software prototype, whichautomatically furnish best positioningof  panelwith the sunlight to get maximal electric charge generation through solar panel. It’s active sensors continuously observed the monochromaticrays of sun and spin the panel about the direction where the potential of sun rays is maximal. A micro-controller works on automatic sun tracing deviceconnected  with the new solar power transformunit is developed & execute. The automatic sun tracker is executed with a DC motor and a DC Motor controller. The conditions of the hardware subjected to the changes of the environmental conditions. In the new unit of the MAXIMUM POWER POINT  is resolved to easy  insertion software with a present sweep perspective, with this new perspective the standardization of the transform  from solar energy to electric energy at its maximal  power point can be develops extra definitive  and extra authentication.
Genetic Algorithm Based Hybrid Model Of convolutional Neural Network And Random Forest Classifier For Sentiment Classification
Authors: Et. al. Siji George C G,
Published: April 2021

Sentiment analysis is one of the active research areas in the field of datamining. Machine learning algorithms are capable to implement sentiment analysis. Due to the capacity of self-learning and massive data handling, most of the researchers are using deep learning neural networks for solving sentiment classification tasks. So, in this paper, a new model is designed under a hybrid framework of machine learning and deep learning which couples Convolutional Neural Network and Random Forest classifier for fine-grained sentiment analysis. The Continuous Bag-of-Word (CBOW) model is used to vectorize the text input. The most important features are extracted by the Convolutional Neural Network (CNN). The extracted features are used by the Random Forest(RF) classifier for sentiment classification. The performance of the proposed hybrid CNNRF model is comparedwith the base model such as Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) and Random Forest (RF) classifier. The experimental result shows that the proposed model far beat the existing base models in terms of classification accuracy and effectively integrated genetically-modified CNN with Random Forest classifier.
Load balancing in Cloud Computing: Issues and Challenges
Authors: Et. al. K. Balaji,
Published: April 2021

The evolution of IT led Cloud computing technology emerge as a new prototype in providing the services to its users on rented basis at any time or place. Considering the flexibility of cloud services, innumerable organizations switched their businesses to the cloud technology by setting up more data centers. Nevertheless, it has become mandatory to provide profitable execution of tasks and appropriate  resource utilization. A few approaches were outlined in literature to enhance performance, job scheduling, storage resources, QoS and load distribution. Load balancing concept permits data centers to avert over-loading or under-loading in virtual machines that as such is an issue in cloud computing domain. Consequently, it necessitate the researchers to layout and apply a proper load balancer for cloud environment. The respective study represents a view of problems and threats faced by the current load balancing techniques and make the researchers find more efficient algorithms.
Public Opinion Analysis of Road Accidents & Review of Conventional and Combinational Driver Safety Methodologies with SelfLearning Algorithms
Authors: Et. al. Tamilarasi A,
Published: April 2021

Advanced driver assistance and accident detection system is significantlyneeded to ensure safety for drivers. Drowsiness detection, collision detection and various driver alert systems have penetrated into market with an aim to provide higher security for driver but due to population of vehicle and modification in structure of roads these system fails to answer safety problems that results in severe accidents.In this paper we provide accurate analysis of past recorded accidents in Tamil Nadu state and analysis of public opinion on Accident detection system is carried out using 1004 licensed persons under different ages in three cities (Coimbatore, Erode and Nilgiris) by focusing the major 10 parameters carrying 48 Questions. Findings and implications of this analysis is also discussed in this article. A thorough analysis of recent techniques that are used for AAD (Automatic Accident Detection) and road safety programmes that resolve the pre and post cautionary concerns of accidents in developing countries is addressed with the review of most 4 influencing algorithms in ITS for AAD.. 1 Vehicle Detection using Wheel arc Counter Detection Algorithm, 2 Enhancement of V2X Communication using Multi-RAT,3Road Curvature Estimation using Circle Fitting Algorithm and4Driver Safety Systemis discussed in this paper. To understand recent computational challenges and extended areas of research in ITS, anhybrid approach of CNN with VANETs for accident detection has been suggested to enumerate the obtained accidental information.
Tax Rates Variations And Its Effect On Individual Tax Payers A Research Focussed On Salaried Class People In India
Authors: Et. al. Parameswaran Subramanian,
Published: April 2021

The structure and financing of a tax rate variations are grave to achieving economic growth. Tax rate cuts may encourage individuals to figure, save, and invest, but if the tax cuts aren't financed by immediate spending cuts they're going to likely also end in an increased federal deficit, which within the long-term will reduce national saving and lift interest rates. Even though, they reallocate resources diagonally toward their highest-value economic use, resulting in improved efficiency and potentially raising the overall size of the economy. The sample for the study happens to be 384 number of taxpayers. The cogent way of statistical analysis is made via ANOVA and T-test. This paper makes an attempt to explore the tax rate changes and its effect on individual tax payers.
A Review on Feature Selection Techniques in Digital Mammograms
Authors: Et. al. L Kanya kumara,
Published: April 2021

The most of the women in the world are suffering from a deadly disease called Breast Cancer (BC). Breast cancer is analyzed by using imaging modalities such as mammograms, magnetic resonance imaging, ultrasound, and thermograms. Among all, mammograms are the low dosage, less cost, more effective, and accurate method to detect BC in early stages. There are many Computer-Aided Detection (CAD) systems for the automatic detection of masses in mammograms. These techniques are helping radiologists and physicians in diagnosing disease. The objective of this paper is to overview different CAD systems in which mainly we focused on feature selection, as feature selection techniques are used to reduce the complexity of the classifiers and also increase the accuracy. We conclude that suitable optimization techniques should be chosen to increase the accuracy of the classifier so that we can increase the survival rate of the patient.
Prerequisites For The Establishment Of Transport And Logistics Centres On The Basis Of Railway Stations
Authors: Et. al. Aikumbekov Muslim,
Published: April 2021

Kazakh and foreign economists note that the decline in industrial and agricultural production, stagflation of the economy of the Republic of Kazakhstan in the post-crisis period require a deep analysis of the current situation and careful development of appropriate economic and managerial decisions. In these circumstances, it is necessary to find the most effective ways out of the crisis.It is obvious that it makes no sense for the Republic of Kazakhstan to fully follow the centuries-old path of becoming an industrially developed country. Without a doubt, the modern market economic system should serve as a reference point, which, in addition to free competition, also has numerous internal and external levers of management and regulation, including state ones, which in their essence suppress bursts of fluctuations in the market element and allow using all the advantages and advantages of market relations.One of these ways in the market economy, according to many experts, with whom it is difficult to disagree, is the design of logistics models, the formation, implementation and organization of the rational functioning of logistics services, structures, management systems at the on-farm, industrial (micro logistics) and macroeconomic, international, national, regional (macro logistics) levels, the widespread development and application of logistics methodology, technologies and tools, creation of logistics management systems that differ in their functional purpose and organizational and economic level.When integrating the economy of the Republic of Kazakhstan into the world economic community, there is an increasing need to create reliable, dynamic and efficient domestic logistics management systems that could optimally interact with the national logistics systems of foreign countries in international economic and logistics processes at the macro - and micro logistic levels.These logistics systems are designed to facilitate the rational movement of any flows of information, goods, capital and people both within the country and across the borders of States, taking into account the national peculiarities of customs clearance and support.
A Novel Approach to Store an Image in QR Code
Authors: Et. al. Nuchu Yeswanth Surya Srikar,
Published: April 2021

: Quick Response Code is a machine-readable, two-dimensional barcode consisting of an array of black and white squares which can be scan quickly by any smartphone. It allows encoding over 4000 pulse characters in a two-dimensional barcode. It is used to store a small amount of information like web URL, item data, phone numbers and multimedia data. Due to restricted size in it, QR codes are presently limited in the extent to store the data. But the data in image format uses more space, if you want to store image data in QR code you must enlarge the storage capacity of QR code. In this paper, we propose a very simple form of lossy data compression, in which runs of data is dividing into blocks of equals size. The entire block is stored as a character rather than as the original run with generic HashMap which makes more robust and provides all sorts of security. Finally, our results are compared with other techniques to differentiate the optimality, efficiency of the new technique for producing optimal QR codes.
Survey of Cyber security approaches for Attack Detection and Prevention
Authors: Et. al. MalathiEswaran,
Published: April 2021

In the world of modern technology many devices are frequently handled by the people via network. Since the network has been utilized in communication across the world and also in data sharing, there may be a chance of cyber-attacks and intruding into the personal data of the user. This survey provides a witness in large amount of cyber-attacks widespread in the recent times. The issue also deals with the system under use and with the storage devices concerned. Inorder to manage large amount of data, cloud computing plays a vital role in managing the data and also prevents data from intruders. Many intrusion detection systems help in detecting anomalies, that caused by various cyber-attacks. This proposed survey focuses on types of attacks and also the methodology involved in detecting such type of attacks.
All about Vertical Farming: A Review
Authors: Et. al. Gaganjot kaur,
Published: April 2021

Agricultural land is becoming scarce and expensive day by day. With the rising world population, demand for food and land is continuously increasing which is necessitating to maximize food production per unit area. So the eyes are turning to Vertical framing approach which involves growing crops in stacked layers one above another in order to provide more crop yield per unit area of land. This article summarizes the complete concept of emerging area of agriculture with its various categories and techniques used throughout the world.
Applicability of two Models of National Identity on Kurds
Authors: Et. al. Kawa AbdulKareem Sherwani,
Published: April 2021

National identity is a broad concept. Anthony Smith (1991) and Shulman (2002) proposed two models and identified some components and elements as the building blocks of national identity. However, they both acknowledge the fact that their lists are not exhaustive and elements can be added or removed to or from the lists. Kurds, as the largest ethnic group without a state in the world, work very hard to establish a unified national identity as it is the first step of nation building. The study aims at the applicability of the two models on Kurds. Apparently, territory, language and culture are huge problems due to the limited access of different parts to others in different times
Blended Learning to Improve University Students’ Language Skills in the Iraqi Context
Authors: Et. al. Hero Said Mohammed Nuri,
Published: April 2021

This study investigated the effect of a blended learning approach (BLA) on the main English language skills (listening, speaking, reading, writing) when learning English as a foreign language (EFL) in Iraq. In order to reveal the effectiveness of the approach, an experiment was carried out involving 40 participants who were divided into two groups: experimental and control. The experimental group was taught using a BLA whereas the control group was instructed with a traditional approach to teach English. The experiment was conducted during a semester (three months) in which two classes of English were taught every week. According to the results of the study, the BLA had a dramatic effect on improving the main skills of the EFL participants
The Limitations of Cross-Site Scripting Vulnerabilities Detection and Removal Techniques
Authors: Et.al Isatou Hydara
Published: April 2021

Web applications have become very important tools in our daily activities as we use them to share and get information, conduct businesses, and interact with family and friends on social media through the Internet. Despite their importance, web applications are plagued with many security vulnerabilities that enable hackers to attack them and compromise user information and privacy. Cross-site scripting vulnerabilities are a type of injection vulnerabilities existing in web applications. They can lead to attacks in web applications due to the lack of proper validation of input data in the affected web pages of an application. Many approaches and techniques have been proposed to mitigate this type of vulnerabilities. However, these solutions have some limitations and cross-site scripting vulnerabilities still remain as a major security problem for web applications. This paper explores and presents the existing techniques for detecting and for removing cross-site scripting vulnerabilities in web application. It gives an overview of cross-site scripting as a security issue in web application and its different types. The advantages as well as the limitations of each techniques are highlighted and discussed. Based on the limitations, some possible future research directions are identified, and recommendations are given as reference for researchers interested in this topic.
Conceptual Framework of Kxpert:Knowledge-Based Information Retrieval for Expert Profiling
Authors: Et.al Ismail, S
Published: April 2021

With the constant demand for expertise within organisation, especially in boosting the credibility of experts in the organisation, it is a need to bring forth a simple yet effective knowledge-based expert profiling based on information retrieved from credential publication sites.  A number of frameworks from previous authors are analysed to propose one sound framework for a case university, to improve its existing research expert database, to make it more efficient in the information retrieval process and knowledge repository technique.  Knowledge expertise mapping is proposed to be part of the whole mechanism for the conceptual framework called kXpert in this paper. The choice of credential knowledge sources is highlighted due to the updated information made available on the sites that are based on the published works of the internal experts.  Very rare that this information is referred to on daily basis when there is a need to find expertise, thinking that the existing database has it all.  The proposed conceptual framework presented in this paper is the work to be completed in the next phase, and can be customised for other organisations, industries and purposes.
A Proposed Integration Architecture for University Research Data Repository to Support University and University Hospital on Medical Digital Image Management and Analytics using Hadoop
Authors: Et.al Iskandar Ishak
Published: April 2021

Big Data has been used in university and hospital due to its enormous potential in managing large volume and many types of data. However, university that also has hospitals may need to integrate their data repository to have a single site access for easier system administration and management. The needs of image analytics for both researchers in the university and physicians in the university hospital demand the need of Big Data platform such as Hadoop framework. Based on the literatures, there are no papers that describe in detail the integration of big data for university, which include its own teaching hospital. Therefore, this paper focuses on the proposed research data architecture for university and university hospital to support data repository for both with capability of image analytics using Hadoop technology.
nCODET: A Tool For Novice Developer To Detect Untestable Code
Authors: Et.al Saiful Bahri Hisamudin
Published: April 2021

Uncontrollability is troublesome for unit testing. It causes a non-deterministic behavior where the same input can produce different results based on different executions. The non-deterministic characteristic makes it impossible to test the internal logic of a method because it suffers from tight coupling, a single responsibility principle violation, being an untestable code, being non-reusable or hard to maintain. This paper describes a tool, namely the non-deterministic Code Detection Tool (nCODET) that aims to assist novice developers to write testable codes by avoiding the non-deterministic characteristic in their codes. Our research focuses on the unit testability of classes; particularly the effort involvedin constructing unit test cases.
The Study of Digital Identity of Mobile Users Based on Android Dataset
Authors: Et.al A. R. Mohd Shariff
Published: April 2021

A smartphone is said to be an extension of a mobile user’s oneself. It is the ultimate mobile device today for humans, the one device that humans cannot avoid using, leave behind when on the move and becomes a necessity to own one. It allows humans to communicate and perform many daily personal tasks. Smartphones continue to evolve embedding advanced device technologies, sophisticated processes and applications. This symbiotic combination generates immense data on a temporal and spatial scale for a mobile user. These data represent the behaviors of a mobile user, which is unique. In the digital mobile realm, there exists some digital identity about a mobile user, what can be thought as the mobile user’s digital pheromone. This data mining study uses Android Device Analyzer dataset consists of Battery Level, Battery Temperature, Battery Volt and App variables to understand the levels of volatility and their correlation measures. The finding shows there are wide dispersions for Battery Level, Battery Temp, Battery Volt and no statistical relationship exists for Battery Volt/App and Battery Temp/App correlation. Using a simple inequality that only a limited number of mobile users are contained within one standard deviation from the population mean, a smaller set of users exists. The results show that ‘uniqueness’ percentage of a mobile user increased from 61.7% and 66.7% for single variable to 81.7% in multi-variate condition, to 100% using the simple inequality. Ultimately, this uniqueness indicates that a mobile user can have a unique identity, in the digital mobile world from the daily mobile data generated.
Project Scheduling Management in the Software Industry
Authors: Et.al Rozi Nor Haizan Nor
Published: April 2021

Project scheduling is the next step once project planning is completed. This requires knowledge and the depth of the activities, the dependencies between activities and, duration of the activities. Creating and designing a realistic project schedule is the biggest challenges a project manager faces. There are some common problems that can be impact towards project delay or performance: Assigning Resource or Resource Constraint, Managing the Unknown or Managing Change and Estimating Task Duration. These 3 factors and causes are contributing to project scheduling problem. The impact of resource constraint causes towards be impact towards project delay or performance.  To achieve this goal, the survey has been conducted. Finally, the results of the surveys are presented in order to see which commons problems are the most happening and really effected project scheduling.
Code Analysis Tool to Detect Extract Class Refactoring Activity in Vb.Net Classes
Authors: Et.al Sharif, K.Y
Published: April 2021

Code changes due to software change requests and bug fixing are inevitable in software lifecycle. The code modification may slowly deviate the code structure from its original structure that leads to unreadable code. Even though the code structure does not affect the software behaviour, it affects the code understandability and maintainability of software. Code refactoring is typically conducted to enhance the code structure; however, this task needs a lot of developers’ effort. Thus, this paper aims at developing a tool that will help programmers identify possible code refactoring.Weconsider two aspects of refactoring:(i) refactoring activities, and (ii) refactoring prediction model. In terms of refactoring activity, we focus on Extract Class. The object-oriented metrics are used to predict the possibility of code refactoring. The combination of two refactoring aspects recommends the possible refactoring effort and identify classes that are involved. As a result, we managed to get 79% percent of accuracy based on the 11 correct results out of 14 that the tool correctly detected. On top of supporting programmers in improving codes, this work also may give more insight into how refactoring improvessystems.
Fakeheader: A Tool to Detect Deceptive Online News Based on Misleading News Headlines and Contents
Authors: Et.al Normala, CheEembi @ Jamil
Published: April 2021

Online news has been the primary source of news content for newsreaders. Unfortunately, based on several findings, readers tend to judge on specific events based on the news headlines rather than its contents. With the advancement of mobile and web technologies, it is easier to spread the news to others with these unhealthy habits that can cause negative impacts on individuals, organizations, or nations that are victimized by the news.In the proposed work, a tool to detect deceptive news based on misleading headlines or content is developed. The tools incorporate data veracity framework for online news with Support Vector Machine and proposed combination of features. The experimental results show the proposed tool managed to produce high performance results with more than 90% precisions and recalls.
Safety Features and Inventory Management for Vending Machine Using IoT
Authors: Et.al Sazly Anuar
Published: April 2021

Security features and inventory management for vending machines using IoT is a project which focus mainly on IoT implementation. Although IoT is no stranger to vending machine, the project takes different approach of IoT. It is not just about the inventory management, but also the security features. Since IoT requires internet connection and cloud storage, it requires a microcontroller that supports wireless connection. Therefore, all the operations including controlling the vending machine will be done using ESP32 microcontroller. Anything that are recorded from the vending machine such as the number of product left, the amount of money and the condition of it will be uploaded to the cloud storage, Blynk. Blynk app and cloud storage are easy to use without need of professional knowledge. The inventory management is done by monitoring the amount of the money and items. The safety features will be done using accelerometer and gyroscope, which will be detecting force on the body.
The Impact of Entrepreneurial Orientation Success Factors to Muslim SMESuccess
Authors: Et.al NadratunNafisah Abdul Wahab
Published: April 2021

This studypresentsa research of the multidimensional entrepreneurial orientation (innovation, risk and proactive) in relation to the Muslim SME success. Thus far, past literatures shown that limited study of Muslim SME success. This study was conducted in the form of survey, with data being gathered from 122 firms (operating above 3 years) selected through simple random sampling from 2286 Muslim SME in Malaysia. The results show that innovation and proactivefactorshave relationshipsto SME Muslim success. The results shed new light on the theory and practice. This finding contributestoRBV theory and to the field of Islamic entrepreneurship focusing on Muslim SME success.
Financial Cost For Protecting Instructional Time: A Pilot Study of Primary and Secondary Schools in Malaysia
Authors: Et.al Ramlee Ismail
Published: April 2021

The education sector is truly a labor-intensive industry. A large chunk of the financial cost for managing this industry is the workforce, that is, salaries for the teachers.  The absenteeism of teachers, whether due to absence from the school or occupied with other duties, causes a disruption in the teaching and learning process.  Classroom productivity is affected because instruction cannot take place and this will give rise to the students to experience an adverse economic impact.  This financial loss to students can be estimated based on the salaries received by teachers.  Two schools, a primary and a secondary school, are used for the pilot study.  This case study involved 112 teachers from a primary school and 75 teachers from a high school in Kuala Lumpur. Data collected, over a period of one year, include attendance records, teacher movement records and medical appointment letters. On average, teachers who were absent from school or the classroom comprised10% of the school year. 50% of the teacher absenteeism was due to personal reasons, and 50% was due to work duties. The financiallossto students due to teacher absenteeism is estimated to be equal to that of the teacher’s average monthly salary. The total costs to both schools were calculated to be more than half a million Malaysian Ringgit for an academic year of schooling.  This amount is enough to pay the annual salaries of almost seven teachers for each school.  Instructional time lost needs to be prevented as this means high financial costs and an adverse impact on student learning.  It also indicates the inefficient use and management of economic resources.  However, the findings based on one case study alone are insufficient tojustify for an immediate change in the education policies.  Further in-depth study involving more samples and more comprehensive research needs to be carried out to obtain a better picture.
The Effect of Human Resource Management Practices on Employee Performance
Authors: Et.al Shahid Mahmood
Published: April 2021

The present study examines the relationship between HRM practices and performance of employee to be tested in Punjab police, Pakistan. The sample size in this study is 368 respondents that consists of Inspectors and Sub-inspectors of Punjab Police Department in Pakistan. We collected data using questionnaire and analysis using Smart-PLS. Our result discovered that job rotation, training and development, compensation, career planning, and performance appraisal have a positive affect to Employee Performance in Punjab Policy department, Pakistan. Based on our findings, we suggest the policymakers to provide more intensive compensation to employees, optimizing job rotation, implementing training and development, provide appropriate career planning, and making advance performance appraisal in order to improve the performance of Punjab police employees in Pakistan. This study extends existing literature of Employee Performance, it delivers new understandings on the conception and role of job rotation, training and development, compensation, career planning, and performance appraisal to stimulate the reformation of Employee Performance in the government institution such as the Punjab police department.
National Heritage Act 2005 (Act 2005): Problems and Solutions from the Perspective betweenanother Countries
Authors: Et.al Nik Nurhalida Nik Hariry
Published: April 2021

This study discusses the problems and solutions to cases that occur in Malaysia. The heritage should be preserved for the next generation's gaze. To protect the heritage, the government has enacted an act. Prior to the National Heritage Act 2005, there were several acts already adopted. However, it still does not cover the whole section or regulation that can protect, conserve, and preserve the heritage and culture. The objective of this study is to make a comparative study of legislation by selecting multiple countries. This study used a qualitative study methodology, which is a library study and previous case study. The comparison between countries would be an added value in the provision of national laws in an effort to protect the nation's heritage.
The Correlation between Floor Area and Design of Opening for Refurbishment Projects in Affecting Building Energy Consumption
Authors: Et.al Radzi Ismail
Published: April 2021

Construction industry is well known as the major source of environmental issues while public awareness has raised upon time due to significant impacts due environmental problems. Project refurbishment has raised as one of the solutions to reduce the environmental problems as it reuses and recycles existing building by carry out adequate renovation and refurbishment to make the old or abandoned building reusable again. However, there are consent on the factors such as the impacts of additional floor area and design of opening onto overall energy consumption in refurbished buildings.A qualitative method has been employed in this study where a total of 5 respondents who are working in Pulau Pinang refurbishment projects.From the results, design of opening is agreed as the main contributor to total energy consumption in refurbished building while factor of additional floor area merelygain agreement from respondents. This study has the novelty in the context of refurbishment project in Pulau Pinang asit can be a useful guideline to the designers or practitioners who are designing refurbishment projects for historical city such as Georgetown and Malacca.
Tracer Study Analysis for the Reconstruction of the Mining Vocational Curriculum in the Era of Industrial Revolution 4.0
Authors: Et.al Bambang Heriyadi
Published: April 2021

The Diploma in Mining Engineering Study Program at Padang State University is a vocational education at the diploma three (D3) and has been around since 2001. The graduates have worked in various places, both in mining companies and in government, as civil servants and entrepreneurs. The educational process has always been carried out following developments and market demands in its development to date. Various improvements continue to be made in various ways to meet good accreditation standards. Curriculum reconstruction and adjustments are always carried out by receiving various inputs from graduate users, alumni, students, lecturers, and all existing academicians. Through tracer study activities for graduates, various input data can be collected, which are very useful for improving the standard of services provided. This study reveals the results of implementing a tracer study on graduates, which will be used in reconstructing the curriculum to answer the challenges of changing times in the era of the industrial revolution 4.0.
The Effectiveness of the Cooperative Problem-Based Learning Model in Learning Statics in Vocational Education
Authors: Et.al Juniman Silalahi
Published: April 2021

This research aimed to determine the effectiveness of the Cooperative Problem-Based Learning (CPBL) Model in Learning Statics. The experimental class's research method was experimental, in which the experimental class was applied with the CPBL model, and the control class was applied with conventional models. A simple random sample carried out sampling for the experimental group and the control group. The instrument used was the learning outcomes test. The findings show that the experimental group's student learning outcomes are better than those of the control group. Thus, there is an increase in learning outcomes, and student effective results on the CPBL model in statics learning are in a very good category. It is concluded that the application of the CPBL model is more effective than conventional learning.
An Application on Women Safety Using Embedded Systems andIoT
Authors: Et.al K Hari Kishore
Published: April 2021

As far as women safety is concerned. Especially in our country the standards are going on decreasing day by day. According to National Crime Records Bureau (NCRB) the incidents of kidnapping and abductions rose to 64 per million to 74 per million which is devastating. If it goes on increasing like this, In the coming years there will be a tremendous rise in crime rate especially against women. It is our responsibility to protect our mothers, sisters, friends and each and every woman in our family. There are many devices in the market for this application that is sending locations and alert messages to the family of the user. But, all the devices need the response from the user when they are in danger to send the alert messages or such to their family or emergency services. But there might be situations where the user has zero chances to respond or send any alert messages to their family. We came up with a solution where the alert messages and current location of the user are sent automatically to their family when they are in danger without any response from the user. We achieved it using the pulse rate sensor PPG (Photoplethysmography sensor) using which we measured the abnormal rise in heart rate when the user is in danger. This paper deals with the functionality and implementation of our idea in Embedded Systems and IoT.
Customers Buying Behaviour towards Organised Retail Stores in Thoothukudi City
Authors: Et.al Dr. A. Arunachala rajan
Published: April 2021

Retailing is a development of communicating the end customers complete the average of goods and facilities taking aids of the several channel of supply for the generation of revenue and consequently occupies a main place in the field of business. The nations that consume liked the extreme financial and common development consume remained persons with a secure retail sector. Sellers achieve detailed events, such as anticipating buyers’ requirements, emerging collections of goods, obtaining marketplace material, and financing. Organized sellers are individuals who are approved for exchange actions and listed to pay duties to the administration. The present study is to identify Customer’s Buying Behaviour Towards Organised Retail Stores in Thoothukudi City.
Increasing the Thermostability of Optoelectronic Devices on Semiconductor Radiators
Authors: Et.al DalievKhojiakbarSultanovich
Published: April 2021

The article proposes a scheme for thermal stabilization of the radiation flux of mid-IR LEDs in the temperature range + 20 ° C + 80 ° C. It is shown that the relevance of mid-IR LEDs for solving problems of gas analysis, environmental monitoring, moisture measurement and medical diagnostics. It was revealed that the guarantee of the measurement accuracy and sensitivity of optoelectronic devices is the correct spectral matching of the photodetector, LED and absorption of the investigated substance. The disadvantages of emitting diodes associated with time and temperature instability during operation are considered. A study of the spectral characteristics of mid-IR LEDs at various temperatures showed that the wavelength at the maximum the emission spectrum increases almost linearly with increasing temperature, which leads to additional errors and lowers the measurement accuracy of optoelectronic devices. A schematic diagram is proposed for stabilizing the radiation flux of mid-IR LEDs in the temperature range + 20 ° C + 80 ° C..
Ulugbek Period Architecture
Authors: Et.al Yaxyaev Abdulla Abdujabborovich
Published: April 2021

Ulugbek continued the tradition of creative work of his grandfather Amir Temur in architecture, involving scientists, engineers and architects in this work. Due to this, rare and complex memorable solutions were discovered. There is talk of many religious, public, educational facilities.
Benefits Of Student Attention in The Implementation Of Learning
Authors: . Hariyanto
Published: April 2021

Students' attention in learning is one of the factors that influence the success in implementing learning. The implementation of learning is not fully planned, it is evident in the implementation of learning that many students do not focus or pay attention to learning. Poor student attention will be one of the causes of failure in achieving learning objectives. The data analysis prerequisite test was conducted using normality and linearity tests. The hypothesis testing was done using a simple linear regression analysis. The result of research showed that the data of learning and learning achievement was valid, reliable, and distributed normally. Effect of learning attention on the learning achievement i wasindicated by sig(p) < α or 0.000 < 0.05. Learning attention contributed to the learning achievement of Buddhism education by 45%.
The Influence Of Transformational Leadership, Job Satisfaction, Motivation And Compensation On Mathematics School TeacherPerformance
Authors: Et.al Angga Pratama
Published: April 2021

The purpose of this study is to describe the influence of transformational leadership on job satisfaction, the effect of compensation on job satisfaction,  the influence of work motivation on job satisfaction,the influence of transformational leadership, compensation and work motivation together on job satisfaction This research is a quantitative research. The population in this study are Mathematic teachers. The sample of the study was 75  teachers.Data collection was done by using questionnaire method. Data analysis technique used is regression technique supported by T test, path analysis test and classical assumption test with SPSS 20.00 for windows application. The result of data analysis with significance 0,05 shows that there is no positive and significant influence between transformational leadership to job

satisfaction. There is no positive and significant influence between compensation on job satisfaction. There is a positive and significant influence between work motivation on job satisfaction. And There is a positive and significant influence of transformational leadership, compensation and work motivation on job satisfaction at mathematics Teachers
Mental Imagery And Performance Improvement Of Basketball Athletes In The 16-18 Year Age Group
Authors: Et.al Fakhri Fajrin Kurniawan
Published: April 2021

The purpose of this study was to determine whether there was a relationship between mental imagery and performance improvement of basketball athletes in the 16-18 year age group. This study used quantitative research methods. The research sample consisted of 30 basketball athletes in the Cirebon area using the purposive sampling technique. The research instrument used mental imagery training and an athlete's performance improvement scale developed according to the needs. The result showed the value r count for correlation Mental Imagery with Athlete’s performance improvement was 0.853 > r table 0.361. So it could be concluded that there correlation between mental imagery with Basketball athlete’s performance improvement  in the 16 until 18 year age group. The result suggests that the higher the mental imagery, the higher the performance improvement in basketball athletes in the 16 until 18 year age group and vice versa.
An Efficient Lossless Compression algorithm for Medical images
Authors: Sandhu Amanpreet Kaur
Published: April 2021

Medical image compression plays a vital role in diagnosis of diseases which allowing manipulation, efficient, transmission and storage of color, binary and grayscale image. Before transmission and storage, a medical image may be required to be compressed. The objective of the study is to develop an efficient and effective technique for digital medical images which alleviates the blocking artifacts from grayscale image while retaining all relevant structures. In this paper, we demonstrate a highly engineered postprocessing filtering approach has been designed to remove blocking effects from medical images at low bit rate. The proposed technique is comprised of three strategies i.e. 1) a threshold valve scheme which is used to capture the pixel vectors containing blocking artifacts. 2) Blocking artifacts measurement techniques. The blocking artifacts are measured by three frequency related modes (low, Moderate and high frequency model). 3)  A directional filter which is used to remove over-smoothing and ringing artifacts near edges of block boundary. The algorithm is tested on digital medical grayscale images from different modalities. The experimental results illustrate that the proposed technique is more efficient on the basis of PSNR-B, MSSIM, and MOS indices than the state-of-the-art methods. The proposed algorithm can be seamlessly applied in area of medical image compression which high transmission efficiency and acceptable image quality can be guaranteed.
Automate Identification and Recognition of Handwritten Text from an Image
Authors: Et.al Siddharth Salar
Published: April 2021

Handwritten text acknowledgment is yet an open examination issue in the area of Optical Character Recognition (OCR). This paper proposes a productive methodology towards the advancement of handwritten text acknowledgment frameworks. The primary goal of this task is to create AI calculation to empower element and information extraction from records with manually written explanations, with an, expect to distinguish transcribed words on a picture.

The main aim of this project is to extract text, this text can be handwritten text or it can machine printed text and convert it into computer understandable or wNe can say computer editable format. To implement thais project we have used PyTesseract which is an open-sourcemOCR engine used to recognize handwritten text and OpenCV a library in python used to solve computer vision problems. So the input image is executed in various steps, first there is pre-processing of an image then there is text localization after that there is character segmentation and character recognition and finally we have post-processing               of image. Further image processingalgorithms can also be used to deal with the multiple characters input in a single image, tilt image, or rotated image. The prepared framework gives a normal precision of more than 95 % with the concealed test picture.
The Effect of Nostalgia Emotion to Brand Trust and Brand Attachment towards Repurchase Intention
Authors: Et.al Ayu Nur Hidayati
Published: April 2021

A music concert or live music performance is an event that can give more experience to their audiences than just listening to music and this makes people go to their favorite musician’s concert several times. This study has an objective to analyze the effect of nostalgia emotion to brand trust and brand attachment towards repurchase intentions by adding the repurchase intention from the previous studies as a new variable and applying it to the music industry, especially in the live music performance sector. The data used for this study were collected from 120 respondents who have watched music concerts or live music performances in Jakarta through an online survey and analyzed it by using SmartPLS in structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM). This study provides more understanding of the connection between each variable in the chosen industry and indicates that nostalgia emotion of a person can affect their brand trust and brand attachment towards their repurchase intention as the results.