bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A wearable flexible battery using human body temperature differences
Authors: Shuyan Gao , Junming Zhou , Yan Zhang , Zihan Zhang
Published: October 2023

Ionic battery materials are widely used in wearable devices, especially ionic gel materials. In the face of a variety of ionic thermoelectric materials, it is a key issue to select the appropriate thermoelectric ones for different artificial heart power supply needs. In this study, it is aimed to establish a database of ionic thermoelectric materials for existing wearable devices, compare the battery performance under different boundary conditions and different materials based on the physical model of the battery, and select the optimal battery material suitable for an artificial heart. 72 kinds of ionic thermoelectric materials were identified through a literature review. The properties of ionic thermoelectric materials were comprehensively considered from the aspects of the Seebeck coefficient, electric conductivity, and power factor. The materials were determined by a thermoelectric figure of merit (ZT). The physical model of the battery was established by Solidworks. The three-dimensional physical field of thermoelectric materials was analyzed by COMSOL, so as to clarify the temperature and potential change characteristics of thermoelectric materials under different boundary conditions and different material types. Finally, the thermoelectric material with the largest electric potential energy was selected. Under a constant temperature boundary condition of 33 ℃ and 5 ℃, the maximum potential produced was 23.21 mV. By changing the materials and keeping other conditions unchanged, it was found that the potential generated by the six ion gel materials is mostly mV.
Analisis Penyajian Laporan Keuangan Berdasarkan SAK EMKM
Authors: Muhamad Kemas Fadhel
Published: October 2023

This research put the object on PT. Duta Karya Sinergi, services companies that located on Bekasi, West Java. The purpose of this research is to analyze the application of SAK EMKM (Financial Accounting Standard Entity Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises) on the presentation of financial statements conducted by PT. Duta Karya Sinergi. Many SMES are less understands the importance of accounting standards for financial statements preparation, so it can be affect the business activities, in both the financial and non-financial. The type of research that was used a qualitative descriptive method, is a research that attempted to describe in a narrative form against the preparation activities of financial reports on this research object. Data collection technique are used observation, interview, and documentation to get the evidences as well as information data required. The results of this research showed that the financial statements conducted by PT. Duta Karya Sinergi is not yet fully in accordance with the SAK EMKM. There are a diferences in the components of financial statements, the company did not showed the notes to financial statements therein.
Utilization of Activity Based Costing Method to Calculate the Cost of Production and Evaluate Profit
Authors: Bernawati Yustrida , Fatmawati Laylia
Published: October 2023

This research was conducted at a manufacturing company, PT. Ionuda. The purpose of this study is to apply the method of calculating costs based on the calculation of the cost of production and how the calculation of cost of production of profits obtained by the company. This research uses a qualitative approach with a case study method. The results of this research show that first, the use of the Activity-Based Costing method in calculating the cost of production imposes overhead costs based on the activity needs of each product resulting in a more accurate and informative cost of production.  Second, calculation of the cost of production with the Activity-Based Cost Calculation method does not change the profit obtained by the company, only the profit contribution of each product becomes different.
Power and Knowledge of Double Entry Bookkeeping System in the Feminism Framework: A Proposal
Authors: Suryaningrum Diah Hari
Published: October 2023

This paper attempts to explore and reveal the power and knowledge of double-entry bookkeeping system from a different perspective of the feminist framework and to propose new power and knowledge of accounting. Power is defined as the ability of a person to do his own will in social interaction, despite there is a resistance. Accounting as a social science has three powers: the first is the power of resources, the second is the power of process, and the last is the power of meaning. Historically, the power and knowledge of double-entry bookkeeping has been understood as the sexuality of life represented by male energy. So the power- knowledge of accounting represents rationality and masculinity. This narrow accounting understanding is challenged by feminism-radical, liberal, and postmodernism, which see accounting practices as inequality for women. To develop new power and knowledge of accounting, this study used the Hegelian method: thesis-antithesis-and-synthesis of emancipatory accounting. Accounting can be liberated by going beyond accounting itself to a new accounting that is freer than the matter of the norm. Accounting can reflect value other than material and capitalism that is by taking into account the society and environment values. This article proposes that what we need now is not the power-knowledge on rationality, masculinity or even femininity, but the power-knowledge on “self” that can conquer oneself.
The Organizational Paradox: A Paradoxical Case Study of Managerial Decision and Organizational Management
Authors: Suhartutik S , Dermawan Rizky , Aminah Siti
Published: October 2023

This paper attempt to describe some cases and causes of unanticipated side effects of managerial decisions and organizational management, known as the organizational paradox. We found that the task of balancing education and research creates a paradoxical effect. Another case is the difficulty of achieving ‘total benefits’ from all departments. Action taken to improve the quality of the ‘rich’ department will create a dis-improvement of quality in ‘poor’ department. The third case is the paradox of paper-based performance quality. A performance quality based on the paper report is ‘an administrative performance quality’; not real performance. Some causes to these cases are the difficulty of balancing between the vision achievement and the scarcity of resources, the existence of a practical point of view toward everything, the complexity of human action and its relation to the environment, human motivation, systemic causes and a tendency of disregarding the value of information.
The Effect of Risk Profile, Income, and Capital Profiles on Earnings Changes in Banking Industries
Authors: Kurniawan Chandra , Utama Wayan Wisnu
Published: October 2023

This study aims to determine the effect of the Risk Profile measured by Non-Performing Loans (NPL) and Loan to Deposit Ratio (LDR), Earnings are measured by Return on Assets (ROA) and Capital measured with Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR) to changes in earnings. The population in the study included 28 banking companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange 2013-2015. The sampling technique used was purposive sampling and obtained as many as 12 samples company. The data used in this study is secondary data namely financial statements that meet the criteria. Data were taken from the report finance obtained from Bank Indonesia which can be accessed through www.idx.co.id. Data analysis used multiple linear regression analysis. The results showed that there were variables that had an effect on profit changes are ROA variables while NPL, LDR, and CAR variables have no effect on changes in earnings.
The Effect of Total Quality Management on Managerial Performance
Authors: Ayu Indira , Suryaningrum Diah Hari
Published: October 2023

The purpose of this study is to examine and analyze the relationship between the Total Quality Management on managerial performance. The population of this study was all managers of PT. Kereta Api Indonesia (Persero) DAOP VIII Surabaya, amounting to 352 people. The sampling technique was carried out with a non-probability sampling approach with a purposive sampling method. The criteria used are all the Surabaya branch manager of PT. KAI Persero DAOP VIII Surabaya, amounting to 38 people. This study aims to examine the managerial performance with two elements of TQM, namely training and education, and organizational commitment. The analysis model used to test the hypothesis proposed is multiple linear regression and to determine its effect, the F test and T-test are used. Based on the research results, the results indicate that training and education positively affect Managerial Performance. Also, organizational commitment has the same effect on managerial performance. Therefore, it is suggested that the company must maintain its training and further education to enhance performance. Future research may use organizational commitment as moderation on the relationship between training education and performance.
Pendidikan Politik Pemilih Pemula Pada Pemilihan Umum (PEMILU) Tahun 2024 Di Kabupaten Aceh Tengah
Authors: Sutrisno  , Rif’atussa’adah Sitorus Pane Siti
Published: October 2023

Pesta demokrasi di Indonesia dilaksanakan tahun 2024 dan menjadi momentum bersejarah bagi rakyat Indonesia. Pemilu akan dilaksanakan dalam dua tahap, tahap pertama yaitu pemilu serentak untuk memilih anggota DPR, DPD, Presiden/Wakil Presiden, serta anggota DPRD Provinsi dan Kab/Kota. Sedangkan, tahap kedua merupakan pemilu serentak untuk memilih kepala daerah (Pilkada) Gubernur, Bupati/Walikota serentak secara nasional. Desain pemilu tahun 2024 yang berbeda dari pemilu sebelumnya tentunya menjadi perhatian bersama terlebih pemilih pemula. Pemilih pemula harus diberikan edukasi politik agar terbangun pengetahuan politik yang baik dan tercipta kesadaran berdemokrasi agar berpartisipasi secara maksimal pada pemilu 2024. Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan observasi dan wawancara. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa (1) pendidikan politik sangat diperlukan bagi para pemilih pemula sebagai bentuk pengenalan dan preferensi politik menjelang pemilu 2024; (2) Pemilih pemula di Kab. Aceh Tengah sudah mendapatkan informasi maupun pendampingan langsung tentang tata cara pemilu 2024 dari penyelengara pemilu dan media massa RRI Takengon di Kabupaten Aceh Tengah.

 

Kata kunci: Pendidikan Politik, Pemilih Pemula, Pemilu 2024, Aceh Tengah
Perilaku Sosial Remaja Peminum Minuman Keras di Desa Sibargot Kabupaten Labuhanbatu Provinsi Sumatera Utara
Authors: Yusuf Riski , Afnibar  , Wusqo Urwatul
Published: October 2023

Remaja sebagai generasi penerus bangsa, diharapkan menjadi anggota masyarakat berpendidikan dan  berperilaku baik. Kenyataanya banyak remaja melakukan perilaku menyimpang, seperti minum-minuman keras. Untuk itu peneliti ingin melihat lebih detil perilaku sosial mereka,  di lingkungan keluarga, masyarakat, dan teman sebaya. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif yang bersifat deskriptif. Sumber data dalam penelitian ini adalah remaja, masyarakat, dan teman sebaya. Dengan menggunakan teknik purposive sampling Teknik analisis data yang digunakan   adalah  observasi dan wawancara.

Hasil penelitian menunjukkan, bahwa: 1) Perilaku sosial remaja peminum-minuman keras di lingkungan keluarga, yaitu:, hubungan interaksi, komunikasi remaja peminum-minuman keras dengan keluarga tidak harmonis,  karna orang tuanya tidak setuju minum-minuman keras; 2) Perilaku sosial remaja peminum-minuman keras di lingkungan masyarakat melihat remaja minum-minuman keras di warung tempat remaja berkumpul. Masyarakat sering menegur karena menimbulkan ketidaknyamanan. Bahkan melaporkan kepada kepala desa karena ada remaja yang melakukan pencurian; dan 3) perilaku sosial remaja peminum-minuman keras di lingkungan sesama teman peminum, remaja bergaul seperti biasa mereka minum-minuman keras ketika larut malam. Ketika ada teman mereka memiliki masalah mereka membantu untuk menyelesaikan. Mereka juga membantu iuran untuk membeli minuman keras ketika mereka sudah berkumpul di samping itu mereka tidak memaksa teman mereka yang tidak ikut minum bersama.
FAKTOR KEPUTUSAN MAHASISWA FARMASI STIFI BHAKTI PERTIWI DALAM PEMBELIAN OBAT BEBAS DI KOTA PALEMBANG
Authors: Indrawati Budi , Rahajeng Vika Natasia , Wibowo Viko Duvadilan
Published: October 2023

Meningkatnya jumlah penduduk yang melakukan pengobatan sendiri,  dampak ketersediaan obat bebas di apotik, toko obat, minimarket bahkan di warung. Upaya pengobatan sendiri tidak sepenuhnya kurang baik, namun penggunaan obat-obatan dari pengobatan sendiri dalam jangka waktu lama cendrung berbahaya. Strategi komunikasi yang berbasis data mengenai situasi masyarakat, yaitu pengetahuan, sikap, dan perilaku masyarakat dalam pemilihan obat yang aman, bermanfaat, dan bermutu perlu dirancang sehingga menghasilkan komunikasi, edukasi yang baik dan komprehensif agar tujuan pemberdayaan masyarakat tercapai.  Perilaku dalam membeli dipengaruhi salah satunya  faktor psikologis, yaitu faktor motivasi, persepsi, pembelajaran, serta sikap. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh secara parsial dan simultan Motivasi, Persepsi, Pengetahuan dan Sikap terhadap Keputusan Pembelian obat bebas di Kota Palembang. Metode penelitian menggunakan metode kuantitatif dengan data primer dan skala Likert. Sampel 140 responden mahasiswa farmasi. Alat analisis dengan SPSS v.26. Hasil penelitian dan kesimpulan menunjukkan secara  parsial Motivasi dan Sikap berpengaruh terhadap Keputusan Pembelian obat bebas, sedangkan secara parsial Persepsi dan Pengetahuan tidak berpengaruh terhadap Keputusan Pembelian obat bebas, dan secara simultan Motivasi, Persepsi, Pengetahuan dan Sikap berpengaruh terhadap Keputusan Pembelian obat bebas, artinya model penelitian ini layak. Saran untuk penelitian lebih lanjut perlu untuk menambah variabel faktor perilaku konsumen lainnya.
UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIOKSIDAN KOMBINASI EKSTRAK ETIL ASETAT DAUN SIRSAK (Annona muricata L.) DAN DAUN JARAK PAGAR (Jatropha curcas L.) DENGAN PEREAKSI DPPH
Authors: Sirumapea Lasmaryna , Sari Aprisa Mila , Darwis David
Published: October 2023

Aktivitas antioksidan dari kombinasi ekstrak etil asetat daun sirsak (Annona muricata L.) dan daun jarak pagar (Jatropha curcas L.) telah diteliti dengan pereaksi 1,1-difenil-2-pikrihidrazil (DPPH). Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui apakah kombinasi ekstrak daun sirsak dan daun jarak pagar dapat meningkatkan aktivitas antioksidan dibandingakn ekstrak tunggal keduanya. Metode ektraksi yang digunakan adalah soxhletasi menggunakan pelarut etil asetat. Diperoleh rendemen daun sirsak dan daun jarak pagar berturut-turut adalah 5,673% dan 2,093%. Perbandingan ekstrak daun sirsak dan ekstrak jarak pagar yang digunakan pada penelitian ini yaitu 1:0, 0:1, 1:4, 4:1, 1:1 dengan konsentrasi masing-masing perbandingan 10 ppm, 20 ppm, 50 ppm, dan 100 ppm. Nilai IC50 pada perbandingan 1:0, 0:1, 1:4, 4:1, 1:1 berturut-turut adalah 934,5 ppm, 733,18 ppm, 208,25 ppm, 538,84 ppm, dan 177,77 ppm. Berdasarkan nilai IC50 diketahui bahwa kombinasi ekstrak daun sirsak dan daun jarak pagar (1:1) dapat meningkatkan aktivitas antioksidan karena memiliki aktivitas antioksidan yang tertinggi..
Oronasal fistula reconstruction using tongue flap with simultaneous iliac bone graft: a case report
Authors: Kim Da Som , Moon Yi Jun , Park Ho Jin , Park Seung-Ha
Published: October 2023

The ultimate goal of cleft palate repair is to achieve an intact palate with the separation of the oral and nasal cavities. However, some patients develop an oronasal fistula in the secondary palate after palatoplasty. Postoperatively, a secondary palatal oronasal fistula may develop, leading to functional problems. In this study, we describe a patient with recurrent oronasal fistula and alveolar cleft with multiple failed previous reconstructions at another clinic. The oronasal fistula and alveolar cleft were repaired using a tongue flap and an iliac bone graft, respectively. The patient demonstrated excellent clinical progress with no recurrence of the oronasal fistula at the 1-year follow-up.
Conditional mean embedding and optimal feature selection via positive definite kernels
Authors: Jorgensen Palle E.T. , Song Myung-Sin , Tian James
Published: October 2023

Motivated by applications, we consider new operator-theoretic approaches to conditional mean embedding (CME). Our present results combine a spectral analysis-based optimization scheme with the use of kernels, stochastic processes, and constructive learning algorithms. For initially given non-linear data, we consider optimization-based feature selections. This entails the use of convex sets of kernels in a construction o foptimal feature selection via regression algorithms from learning models. Thus, with initial inputs of training data (for a suitable learning algorithm), each choice of a kernel \(K\) in turn yields a variety of Hilbert spaces and realizations of features. A novel aspect of our work is the inclusion of a secondary optimization process over a specified convex set of positive definite kernels, resulting in the determination of "optimal" feature representations.
Evaluating and Establishing Baseline Security Requirements in Cloud Computing: An Enterprise Risk Management Approach
Authors: Oladoyinbo Tunbosun Oyewale , Adebiyi Olubukola Omolara , Ugonnia Jennifer Chinelo , Olaniyi Oluwaseun Oladeji , Okunleye Olalekan Jamiu
Published: October 2023

In today's digital age, businesses use cloud services to boost their operations exponentially. While this trend presents excellent potential, it is marred by significant concerns over the safety of data stored in the cloud. As the demand for cloud computing increases, businesses face issues ranging from data breaches and provider security to service availability and regulatory compliance. It becomes crucial for organizations to enact stringent security protocols not only to protect user information but also to smoothen operational processes, enforce regulatory compliance, and delineate user behavior norms. To fortify cloud assets, businesses must adhere to foundational security guidelines covering confidentiality, risk analysis, e-discovery, business resilience, and third-party contract obligations. Therefore, while the cloud's advantages are manifold, they have intricate challenges. Businesses must prioritize impenetrable security, craft meticulous risk strategies, and fortify against potential threats to harness the full potential of cloud services while preserving their assets and reputation. These results show that most respondents have a confidence level of 7, indicating a relatively high level of trust in the current cloud security measures. Organizations must continuously assess and adapt their cloud security strategies to keep up with the dynamic digital environment and evolving threats for long-term security and operational efficacy.
Assessment of Farmer Knowledge Level about Recommended Production Technology in Maize (Zea mays) Crop
Authors: Priya Ruchi , Panda Chandan Kumar , Paswan Anil , Choudhary Suborna Roy , Kumar Sunil , Homa Fozia
Published: October 2023

The present research work was conducted in the Darbhanga and Bhagalpur district of Bihar to assess the knowledge level of farmers about recommended maize production technology. The ex-post facto research design was used. Three villages are purposefully chosen for each district and   a total of 210 respondents were selected randomly. Results shown that the majority of respondents (40.5%) fall into the 40–54-year age group followed by most the respondents have educational background up to the level of senior secondary. It was observed that most the respondents have farming experience range of 9 -14 years followed by BAO (Block Agriculture Officer) is the most preferred extension exposure by the respondents, most of the respondents had the membership of panchayat. The average knowledge level of respondents is determined by knowledge test which contains question regarding different cultivation practices of maize further data from result revealed that the average knowledge level in planting time, soil and land preparation, method of sowing, seed rate and spacing, irrigation management, insect- pest management is higher in Bhagalpur respondents compare to Darbhanga district respondents. Average knowledge level in insect -pest management is low in both districts compare to other cultivation practices.
The Affects of Smoking on Cataract Formation in Turkish Patients
Authors: Kurt Ali , Ersekerci Tülay Karacan , Kiliç Rasit , Konar Naime Meriç
Published: October 2023

Aims: To investigate whether smoking influences cataract formation age and cataract type in patients who underwent senile cataract surgery.

Study Design: Retrospective cross-sectional.

Place and Duration of Study: The study was conducted in the Department Of Ophthalmology, Ahi Evran Faculty Of Medicine between November 2014 and March 2018.

Methodology: Five hundred eighty-one patients were included, who were operated on for senile cataracts. Age, gender, cataract type, and smoking status of patients were recorded. Congenital, traumatic, drug-induced, and uveitic cataracts were excluded from the study. The smoking status of patients was divided into three groups: currently smoking, never smoking, quitted smoking. The smoking load of patients was calculated as packages/year.

Results: Of total of 581 patients, 47.8% (278) were female and 52.2% (303) were male and the mean ages were 66.68 ± 10.68 years and 66.17 ± 9.37 years, respectively. There was an association between gender and smoking status (p<0.05). Smoking rate (both currently smoking and quit smoking) was higher among males. The mean age of cataract patients who were smokers was statistically lower than the mean ages of non-smokers and quitters (p <0.001). There was a statistical association between cataract type of patients and smoking status (p=0.0152). This resulted from a lower incidence of cortical cataracts and higher incidence of posterior subcapsular and nuclear cataracts in smokers. Among these three groups, cortical cataract was the most frequent in the non-smoker group. It was found that smoking increases the posterior subcapsular cataract, but it has less effect on cortical cataract formation.

Conclusion: Smoking causes cataract formation in younger ages and higher posterior subcapsular cataract rate. We suggest that this finding may prevent beginning of smoking and increase the motivation of individuals to quit smoking.
Maintaining Progresiveness of Personal Income Tax Rates in The Indonesian Income Tax Law
Authors: Suwardi Suwardi
Published: October 2023

This research is related to the argumentation of the plans of several tax authorities, including the Indonesian authorities, to increase the personal income tax rate. The imposition of taxes through increased individual tax rates is one way for post-Covid-19 funding. The increase in tax rates is considered not to pose a risk to consumption or the principle of tax equity. This study uses a descriptive quantitative research method that tries to explain the planned increase in tax rates by the Indonesian tax authorities is by international trends or practices, the principle of justice, and taxpayer behavior. The comparison of the taxable lower limit, rate, GDP Per Capita, PKP Upper Limit, Number of Taxable Layers, and the impact of changes in individual tax rates are used to explain this research. The G-20 and ASEAN countries were selected based on the GDP per Capita scheme and geographical proximity. This study aims to answer the relevance of the implication of imposing progressive rates with Indonesian conditions, the plan to increase tax rates for Personal Income Tax and increase the number of taxable layers. The review of the threshold of taxable income also gets a portion of this research as well. This study also reviewed the rate mantaing from 30% to return to the 35% rate.   The results of the study show that the wishes of the Indonesian tax authorities are in line with trends in state financing after the Covid-19 pandemic. This rate increase is not without risk. This rate increase will have implications for changes in the behavior of individual taxpayers who are affected by regulatory changes. The plan to change the individual tax structure should also consider the principles of fairness, progressiveness, general principles of tax reform, and changes in the behavior of taxpayers who are affected by regulatory changes. Changes in tax rates should increase taxpayer voluntary compliance.
National survey of SSAs: States overwhelmingly support recovery housing
Authors: Knopf Alison
Published: October 2023

Never has the phrase “braided funding” been so relevant as in the current “recovery housing” topic. Even “recovery housing” as a phrase itself embodies two siloes: housing/homelessness, and substance use disorder (SUD) treatment.
Some DSM‐5 criteria for AUD appear to confer greater risk of problems
Authors: Enos Gary
Published: October 2023

Researchers who have completed a new cohort study involving alcohol users have suggested that evaluating alcohol use disorder (AUD) based on the severity of the various diagnostic criteria might offer a clearer picture than an approach that simply counts the number of criteria an individual endorses.
NIDA‐funded study supports telehealth buprenorphine
Authors: Knopf Alison
Published: October 2023

Starting buprenorphine treatment for opioid use disorder (OUD) through telehealth was associated with an increased likelihood of staying in treatment longer compared to starting treatment in a non‐telehealth setting, according to a new study analyzing Medicaid data from 2019–2020 in Kentucky and Ohio. Published in JAMA Network Open, the study, “Telemedicine Buprenorphine Initiation and Retention in Opioid Use Disorder Treatment for Medicaid Enrollees,” by Lindsey R. Hammerslag, Ph.D., and colleagues, was released Oct. 18. The research adds to what the National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA) calls a “growing body of evidence” supporting telehealth initiation of buprenorphine treatment.
Structural Regulation of Photocatalyst to Optimize Hydroxyl Radical Production Pathways for Highly Efficient Photocatalytic Oxidation
Authors: Yang Liujun , Chen Zhengxi , Cao Qiang , Liao Huarong , Gao Jin , Zhang Long , Wei Wanyu , Li Hua , Lu Jianmei
Published: October 2023

Ring‐opening of phenol in wastewater is the pivotal step in photocatalytic degradation. The highly selective generation of catalytical active species (•OH) to facilitate this process presents a significant scientific challenge. Therefore, a novel approach for designing photocatalysts with single‐atom containment in metal‐covalent organic frameworks (M‐COFs) is proposed. The selection of imine‐linked COFs containing abundant N and O‐chelate sites provides a solid foundation for anchoring metal atom. These dispersed metal atom possess rapid accumulation and transfer capabilities for photogenerated electrons, while the periodic π‐conjugated structure in 2D‐COFs establishes an effective platform. Additionally, the Lewis acid properties of imine bonds in COFs can enhance the adsorption capacity toward gases with Lewis base properties, such as O2and N2. It is demonstrated that the Pd2+@Tp‐TAPT, designed based on this concept, exhibits efficient oxygen adsorption and follows the reaction pathway of O2→•O2−→H2O2→•OH with high selectivity, thereby achieving completely degradation of refractory phenol through photocatalysis within 10 min. It is anticipated that the selective generation of catalytic active species via advanced material design concepts will serve as a significant reference for achieving precise material catalysis in the future.
Achieving Record‐High Stretchability and Mechanical Stability in Organic Photovoltaic Blends with a Dilute‐absorber Strategy
Authors: Li Saimeng , Gao Mengyuan , Zhou Kangkang , Li Xin , Xian Kaihu , Zhao Wenchao , Chen Yu , He Chunyong , Ye Long
Published: October 2023

Organic solar cells (OSCs) have potential for applications in wearable electronics. Except for high power conversion efficiency (PCE), excellent tensile properties and mechanical stability are required for achieving high‐performance wearable OSCs, while the present metrics barely meet the stretchable requirements. Herein, this work proposes a facile and low‐cost strategy for constructing intrinsically stretchable OSCs by introducing a readily accessible polymer elastomer as a diluent for all‐polymer photovoltaic blends. Remarkably, record‐high stretchability with a fracture strain of up to 1000% and mechanical stability with elastic recovery >90% under cyclic tensile tests are realized in the OSCs active layers for the first time. Specifically, the tensile properties of best‐performing all‐polymer photovoltaic blends are increased by up to 250 times after blending. Previously unattainable performance metrics (fracture strain >50% and PCE >10%) are achieved simultaneously for the resulting photovoltaic films. Furthermore, an overall evaluation parameter y is proposed for the efficiency‐cost‐ stretchability balance of photovoltaic blend films. The y value of dilute‐absorber system is two orders of magnitude greater than those of prior state‐of‐the‐art systems. Additionally, intrinsically stretchable devices are prepared to showcase the mechanical stability. Overall, this work offers a new avenue for constructing and comprehensively evaluating intrinsically stretchable organic electronic films.
Space‐Confined Synthesis of Monolayer Graphdiyne in MXene Interlayer
Authors: Li Jiaqiang , Cao Haicheng , Wang Qingxiao , Zhang Hui , Liu Qing , Chen Cailing , Shi Zhan , Li Guanxing , Kong Ya , Cai Yichen , Shen Jie , Wu Ying , Lai Zhiping , Han Yu , Zhang Jin
Published: October 2023

Graphdiyne (GDY) is an artificial carbon allotrope that is conceptually similar to graphene but composed of sp‐ and sp2‐hybridized carbon atoms. Monolayer GDY (ML‐GDY) is predicted to be an ideal 2D semiconductor material with a wide range of applications. However, its synthesis has posed a significant challenge, leading to difficulties in experimentally validating theoretical properties. Here, it is reported that in situ acetylenic homocoupling of hexaethynylbenzene within the sub‐nanometer interlayer space of MXene can effectively prevent out‐of‐plane growth or vertical stacking of the material, resulting in ML‐GDY with in‐plane periodicity. The subsequent exfoliation process successfully yields free‐standing GDY monolayers with micrometer‐scale lateral dimensions. The fabrication of field‐effect transistor on free‐standing ML‐GDY makes the first measurement of its electronic properties possible. The measured electrical conductivity (5.1 × 103 S m−1) and carrier mobility (231.4 cm2 V−1 s−1) at room temperature are remarkably higher than those of the previously reported multilayer GDY materials. The space‐confined synthesis using layered crystals as templates provides a new strategy for preparing 2D materials with precisely controlled layer numbers and long‐range structural order.
Hyperstable Eutectic Core‐Spun Fiber Enabled Wearable Energy Harvesting and Personal Thermal Management Fabric
Authors: Sun Zhouquan , Hu Yunhao , Wei Wei , Li Yaogang , Zhang Qinghong , Li Kerui , Wang Hongzhi , Hou Chengyi
Published: October 2023

Electronic textiles have gradually evolved into one of the most important mainstays of flexible electronics owing to their good wearability. However, textile multifunctionality is generally achieved by stacking functional modules, which is not conducive to wearability. Integrating these modules into a single fiber provides a better solution. In this work, a core‐spun functional fiber (CSF) constructed from hyper‐environmentally stable Zn‐based eutectogel as the core layer and polytetrafluoroethylene as the sheath is designed. The CSF achieves a synergistic output effect of piezoelectricity‐enhanced triboelectricity, as well as reliable hydrophobicity, and high mid‐infrared emissivity and visible light reflectivity. A monolayer functionalized integrated textile is woven from the CSF to enable effective energy (mechanical and droplet energy) harvesting and personal thermal management functions. Furthermore, scenarios for the energy supply, motion detection, and outdoor use of electronic fabrics for electronics applications are demonstrated, opening new avenues for the functional integration of electronic textiles.
Electrochemical Characteristics of Li‐Ion Battery Anodes Based on Titanium Oxyfluoride
Authors: Astrova Ekaterina V. , Parfeneva Alesya V. , Li Galina V. , Rumyantsev Aleksander M.
Published: October 2023

The properties of titanium oxyfluoride‐based anodes are studied by galvanostatic cycling and galvanostatic intermittent titration technique in a TiOF2—Li half‐cells. This anode material is shown to have a high degradation resistance and a specific gravimetric capacity comparable to that of carbon and Li4Ti5O12. The chemical diffusion coefficient of Li+ in TiOF2 varies by two orders of magnitude in the range from 2.3 × 10−13 to 2.5 × 10−15 cm2 s−1 depending on the degree of lithiation and the direction of charge or discharge process. The electrode electrical resistance changes with cycling and its value is always lower in the lithiated state than in the delithiated state. The phenomenon of superreversibility inherent in this material has been studied. This phenomenon consists in the excess of the discharge capacity (Li extraction) over the charge capacity (Li insertion), that is, the Coulomb efficiency (CE) exceeds 100%. In the first few tens of cycles, the phenomenon is due to the extraction of excess lithium, which was previously stored in the electrode during the first cycle. On subsequent cycles, the CE stabilizes at a level above or below 100%, depending on the ratio between the charge and discharge currents, and is not related to the accumulation or spending of Li.
Ionic Liquid‐Supported Vat Dye (Congo Red)‐Based Donor–Acceptor Type Conjugated Polymeric Material as Photosensitizer for Dye‐Sensitized Solar Cells
Authors: Parwati Km , Tiwari Rudramani , Verma Dipendra Kumar , Kumar Devendra , Yadav Shashikant , Rai Rajshree , Singh Sakshi , Srivastava Pankaj , Krishnamoorthi Subramanian
Published: October 2023

The greatest candidates for organic dyes that exhibit redox activities are vat dyes. Polymers based on vat dyes become effective sensitizer material for dye‐sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) because of their higher absorption coefficient and redox properties by reducing the polymeric film thickness. Herein, an ionic liquid (IL)‐supported D–A type conjugated polyimide sensitizer based on vat dye Congo red and pyromellitic dianhydride is synthesized via condensation polymerization technique. This polymeric material is doped with BF3 and supported with a minimal quantity of IL for better conductivity results and interface creation. The synthesized polyimide shows altruistic oxidoreduction properties with a narrow bandgap of 1.96 eV. Additionally, it comprises conjugated electrons having a backbone system that shows good electrical conductivity (>10−4 S cm−1) and becomes a semiconducting material. To determine the photovoltaic characteristics of the synthesized polymeric material, electrode fabrication and DSSC are carried out. The estimated photovoltaic characteristics are Jsc = 0.2324 mA cm−2, fill factor = 0.6906, and Voc = 0.2380 V. The power conversion efficiency of the device is obtained at 0.04%. The film‐forming property of polymeric sensitizer can reduce electron passivation in the cell. These observed properties of polymeric sensitizer material hardly claim their suitability for DSSCs applications.
Extensive Energy, Exergy, Economic, Exergoeconomic, Enviroeconomic, and Energy Payback Time Analysis and Investigation on Bifacial Solar Photovoltaic Module with Nonbiodegradable Waste as Reflectors
Authors: Thangaraj Hariharasudhan , David Prince Winston , Raj Marshal , Balachandran Gurukarthik Babu
Published: October 2023

The ability of bifacial photovoltaic (PV) to absorb solar radiation on either side increases the energy output. Reflectors increase the albedo and help to increase the performance. Reflectors face discoloration and degradation with time and they increase the overall implementation cost of bifacial PV systems. However, the cost of reflectors can be reduced by using nonbiodegradable waste as reflectors. They also increase the reusability of nonbiodegradable waste materials and reduce their impact on the environment and the cost of reflectors. To make a comprehensive analysis, an investigative approach of energy, exergy, economic, exergoeconomic, enviroeconomic, and energy payback time (6E) analysis is conducted for the bifacial PV module with nonbiodegradable waste, such as polyvinyl chloride (PVC) flex, polystyrene foam, and aluminum foil as reflectors in this study. The 6E analysis includes the analysis of energy, exergy, economic, exergoeconomic, enviroeconomic, and energy payback time factors. The analysis results indicate that the PVC flex as a reflector enhances the bifacial PV performance better compared to polystyrene foam and aluminum foil. The average power, average energy efficiency, and average exergy efficiency of bifacial PV with PVC flex reflector observed during the study are 224 W, 27%, and 31%, respectively. The use of nonbiodegradable waste also has a positive impact on the environment and economy.
Anticorrosion and Hydrophobic Surface Protection Inducing Dendrite‐Free Zn Anode for Aqueous Zn‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Li Chen‐Yang , Zhang Dong‐Ting , Chen Hao , Li Min‐Peng , Tian Chen‐Yang , Liu Mao‐Cheng
Published: October 2023

Zinc is widely used as an anode in zinc‐ion batteries (ZIBs) due to its nontoxicity, favorable theoretical specific capacity, and low oxidation–reduction potential. Nevertheless, irreversible Zn dendritic growth and unavoidable side reactions limit its cyclic stability and high‐rate capability. This research puts forward a surface protection strategy by introducing a hydrophobic polyvinylidene fluoride and carborundum nanocoating (PVDF‐SiC) coating on the surface of Zn anode to synergistically restrain side reactions and Zn dendrites. PVDF improves the hydrophobicity of Zn anode at the solid–liquid interface, which can avoid side reactions between Zn anode and water. SiC nanoparticles with high porosity and small size pore can also homogenize the Zn2+ flux, which can cause uniform Zn deposition and inhibit Zn dendrite growth. The hydrophobic PVDF‐SiC@Zn symmetric battery accordingly exhibits an invariable overvoltage (<40 mV) after 780 h at 1 mA cm−2 with 0.25 mAh cm−2. Simultaneously, constant and convertible Zn deposition in PVDF‐SiC@Zn//Ti asymmetric battery is implemented. The PVDF‐SiC@Zn//V2O5 full battery exhibits 68% capacity retention after 400 cycles. The porous/hydrophobic PVDF‐SiC composite modification efficiently restrains the side reactions and Zn dendrite growth on the Zn anode, providing an innovative idea for achieving long‐life ZIBs.
Achieving an excellent efficiency of 11.57% in a polymer solar cell submodule with a 55 cm2 active area using 1D/2A terpolymers and environmentally friendly nonhalogenated solvents
Authors: Jung Hyeonwoo , Kim Jongyoun , Park Jaehyoung , Jahankhan Muhammad , Hwang Youngjun , Kang Byeongjae , Kim Hyerin , Park Ho‐Yeol , Ahn Pyeongkang , Um DuHyeon , Jee Je‐Sung , Shin Won Suk , Kim BongSoo , Jin Sung‐Ho , Song Chang Eun , Lee Youngu
Published: October 2023

The transition of polymer solar cells (PSCs) from laboratory‐scale unit cells to industrial‐scale modules requires the development of new p‐type polymers for high‐performance large‐area PSC modules based on environmentally friendly processes. Herein, a series of 1D/2A terpolymers (PBTPttBD) composed of benzo[1,2‐b:4,5‐b’]dithiophene (BDT‐F), thieno[3,4‐c]pyrrole‐4,6(5H)‐dione (TPD‐TT), and benzo‐[1,2‐c:4,5‐c’]dithiophene‐4,8‐dione (BDD) is synthesized for nonhalogenated solvent processed PSC submodules. The optical, electrochemical, charge‐transport, and nano‐morphological properties of the PBTPttBD terpolymers are modulated by adjusting the molar ratio of the TPD‐TT and BDD components. PBTPttBD‐75:BTP‐eC11‐based PSC submodules, processed with o‐xylene, achieve a notable PCE of 11.57% over a 55 cm2 active area. This PCE value is among the highest reported using a nonhalogenated solvent over a 55 cm2 active area module. The optimized PSC submodule exhibits minimal cell‐to‐module loss, which can be attributed to the optimized crystallinity of the PBTPttBD‐75:BTP‐eC11 photoactive layer system and favorable film formation kinetics.

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Rapid review: Guides and frameworks to inform planetary health education for health professions
Authors: MacKenzie‐Shalders K. , Zadow G. , Hensley‐Hackett K. , Marko S. , McLean M.
Published: October 2023

Issue Addressed

Human actions have led to a range of global environmental changes. Health professionals must be prepared to deliver systemic changes to mitigate and adapt to the ecological crisis. This rapid review aimed to describe exemplar frameworks that inform planetary health education across health professions.

Methods

The rapid review methodology was informed by a scoping review process. A targeted search strategy was conducted using one representative database and additional strategies such as expert consultation and citation searching were used. Results are described narratively.

Results

Of the 11 637 articles, 17 were eligible for inclusion. The frameworks differed, with many recently developed for health professions broadly using a range of methodologies, including qualitative research, opinion/consensus data, literature reviews, and adaptation of previous models. Models such as metric‐based scoring indicators and Sustainable Quality Improvement were featured in the frameworks, as were the application of First Nations Natural Laws.

Conclusion

This rapid review identifies and showcases accessible, interdisciplinary frameworks to inform the integration of planetary health in curricula, highlighting a rapidly evolving field through which interdisciplinary collaborations in healthcare are important to inform its pedagogy and application. Health education is an important component of health promotion; and thus this rapid review offers a range of approaches that health professionals, health promotion practitioners, and educators can use to inform the integration of planetary health, including sustainable healthcare, into curricula.

So What?

Educational frameworks are informed by research and practice and provide key guidance to practitioners and educators; summarising key available planetary health education frameworks consolidates and guides effective education and builds on the existing body of knowledge to support urgent pro‐environmental change.
The link between anger and admiration toward governmental actions and self‐reported preventive behaviour in the context of the COVID‐19 pandemic
Authors: Rupar Mirjana , Bobowik Magdalena , Sekerdej Maciej , Pastor Elia Soler , Kołeczek Maryna , Jamróz‐Dolińska Katarzyna , Ghorbani Foroogh , Mari Silvia
Published: October 2023

In the context of the COVID‐19 pandemic, across six correlational studies in four different countries (total N = 4937), we examined the link between citizens' anger with and admiration for the government's actions and decisions (i.e., system‐based anger and admiration) and engagement in preventive behaviour. The internal meta‐analyses showed that individuals who admired the government's actions were more likely to adopt personal hygiene and social distancing behaviour. Yet, the link between emotions and preventive behaviour differed concerning the target of emotions, especially for anger. Specifically, anger about restrictions imposed by the government was negatively related to preventive behaviours, but this relationship was not significant when the target of anger was the government's overall handling of the pandemic. Our findings emphasise the importance of citizens' emotions and the targets of those emotions during the crisis.
A Nationwide Survey of Prescribing Patterns for Thrombolytic Drugs in Acute Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Grasela Thaddeus H. , Green Jeffrey A.
Published: October 2023

In November 1988, 164 hospitals enrolled in the Drug Surveillance Network participated in a nationwide survey of prescribing patterns for thrombolytic drugs for patients with an acute myocardial infarction. The results indicated that alteplase has made dramatic inroads, being used exclusively in 14.6% of the hospitals; in 64% of the hospitals both alteplase and streptokinase were on the formulary. Overall, however, only 17% of patients admitted with an acute myocardial infarction were treated with a thrombolytic, and use of these agents varied markedly across institutions. One of the reasons for this low figure may be the current maximum allowable time from onset of symptoms to administration of a thrombolytic. This time limit was less than 6 hours in the majority of hospitals in spite of recent evidence suggesting that these drugs may be effective up to 24 hours after onset of symptoms. The low and variable use of the agents for acute myocardial infarction suggests the need to identify patient‐ and physician‐related obstacles so that overall attitudes and professional practice can be modified to reverse this trend. Given large number of institutions reporting the presence of formal, prospective, pharmacy‐initiated monitoring programs, we suggest that clinical pharmacists will play a major role in implementing the necessary changes.
Clinical Pharmacology of Recombinant Human Erythropoietin (r‐HuEPO)
Authors: Flaharty Kristen K.
Published: October 2023

Recombinant human erythropoietin reverses the severe anemia associated with end‐stage renal disease. Mean half‐life values after a single intravenous bolus dose range from 4–13 hours. Renal clearance is not a significant route of elimination. Dosing schedules in chronic renal failure involve a single intravenous bolus dose administered three times weekly after hemodialysis. Subcutaneous dosing has been approved and may be used in patients without intravenous access. Reticulocyte counts and hematocrit levels exhibit dose‐dependent increases; improved hematocrit levels can be sustained with maintenance doses.
Review of Patients' Responses to Epoetin Alfa Therapy
Authors: Krantz Sanford B.
Published: October 2023

The efficacy of epoetin alfa (recombinant human erythropoietin) has been tested for treating the anemia associated with end‐stage renal disease. This anemia is caused by severely decreased levels of erythropoietin, 90% of which is ordinarily produced by healthy kidneys. Treatment with epoetin alfa successfully corrected the anemia of 97% of 333 patients, as evidenced by hematocrit levels that increased by at least 6 percentage points or reached a study target level of 35%, 2 points above current guidelines. The 127 patients who previously required red cell transfusions to maintain an adequate hematocrit became completely transfusion independent after receiving epoetin alfa. Furthermore, treatment with this growth factor alleviated many of the symptoms of uremia, such as loss of energy and appetite. The major side effect observed with epoetin alfa treatment was increased diastolic blood pressure; however, this was well controlled by additional antihypertension medication. There have been no reports of antibody formation in response to this drug. Thus, epoetin alfa is a safe and effective means of treating the anemia caused by chronic renal insufficiency.