bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
DIFERENCIAÇÃO DOS ESPAÇOS PÚBLICOS DE ENSINO NA CIDADE DE RONDONÓPOLIS
Authors: Bittencourt Ana Claudia Reis , Trindade Adinael Junhor Pereira da , Nardes Antonia Marilia Medeiros
Published: May 2022

Escolhemos como temática realizar a diferenciação dos espaços públicos de ensino na cidade de Rondonópolis. Com esse objetivo, a pesquisa buscou verificar a existência de uma relação entre a qualidade das escolas e sua localização no espaço urbano e para tal, estabelecemos como objetivos específicos: identificar através de ferramentas oficiais as escolas mais conceituadas e menos conceituadas na cidade de Rondonópolis-MT; verificar a localização geográfica dos estabelecimentos de ensino pesquisados e analisar a existência de correlação entre sua localização espacial e qualidade do ensino e da infraestrutura ofertada. A pesquisa foi realizada na cidade de Rondonópolis com as escolas selecionadas estando todas inseridas na malha urbana. A fim de alcançar os objetivos, realizamos pesquisas bibliográfica e documental. A partir dos resultados apontados na pesquisa, nota-se certa paridade em termos de infraestrutura entre as escolas selecionadas, de forma que se infraestrutura fosse a única variante essas escolas deveriam ter o mesmo rendimento escolar, sugerindo que outros fatores possuem maior peso na formação das notas aferidas pelo IDEB nas respectivas escolas.
DIREITOS AUTORAIS HERDADOS
Authors: Pires Joyce Finato , Berberi Marco Antonio Lima
Published: May 2022

A cultura, em uma concepção ampla, identifica os povos, as sociedades, seja por conta da língua, seja pelas obras artísticas, daí o motivo da regulamentação jurídica do trânsito dos bens culturais. No direito brasileiro, os direitos autorais têm disciplina na Lei nº 9.610/1998 que, no artigo 41, a fim de proteger os interesses dos herdeiros, estabelece o prazo decadencial dos direitos patrimoniais do autor em 70 anos depois da sua morte. Todavia, não raras vezes, os herdeiros abusam dos direitos autorais herdados, com exigências de valores econômicos proibitivos para a exibição de obra de arte, por exemplo. As celeumas que envolvem as obras artísticas herdadas, algumas vezes entre os próprios herdeiros, também chegam à esfera judicial, seja pela indústria cultural ou distribuidores de conteúdo, interessados economicamente em sua circulação. Essas discussões, de vários matizes, acabam por interditar a circulação de bens culturais, afastando-os da necessária interação com a sociedade, o que a faz vulnerável neste contexto, pelo desequilíbrio entre as partes nessa situação jurídica. O equilíbrio entre os interesses em questão está na constatação de que a proteção autoral não pode ser absoluta, a ponto de proibir a difusão artística. O objetivo principal deste estudo é investigar de que forma a sociedade pode efetivamente intervir nas discussões levadas a efeito após a morte do artista, a fim de desembargar a circulação dos bens culturais, que ultrapassam a esfera individual das pessoas a eles diretamente vinculadas e se tornam, bens transindividuais. Para este estudo é utilizado o método dedutivo, juntamente com pesquisa bibliográfica.
PROPORCIONALIDADE E O CONTROLE DE CONSTITUCIONALIDADE
Authors: Montes Netto Carlos Eduardo , Nunes Danilo Henrique , Ferreira Olavo Augusto Vianna Alves
Published: May 2022

A proporcionalidade é inerente à própria noção de direito, sendo considerado justo o que é proporcional e injusto o que não observa a devida proporção. O controle de constitucionalidade, por sua vez, visa autorizar ou desautorizar a aplicação de uma norma jurídica, afirmando ou negando a existência de direitos subjetivos, inclusive direitos fundamentais. Nessa perspectiva, o objetivo do presente trabalho é analisar a possibilidade da realização do controle de constitucionalidade com fundamento na proporcionalidade, sob a ótica das teorias do ativismo judicial, que se caracteriza por uma atuação proativa do Judiciário, e da autocontenção judicial, marcada por uma menor intervenção judicial e deferência aos demais poderes. Optou-se pela realização de uma pesquisa exploratória com a utilização de revisão bibliográfica e da análise qualitativa dos dados a fim de se cumprir esse objetivo, o que possibilitou inferir, ao final, a ampla possibilidade do exercício do controle de constitucionalidade com base na proporcionalidade, devendo o Judiciário se basear na adoção de parâmetros claros e racionais que encontrem sustentação na norma constitucional evitando um ativismo radical e também uma deferência irrestrita, visando a concreção de direitos fundamentais.
Políticas públicas municipales para enfrentar la pandemia de COVID-19: el caso de los municipios de Michoacán, México
Authors: Vázquez Hernández Manuel , Ortiz Paniagua Carlos Francisco
Published: May 2022

El objetivo de la presente investigación es identificar las políticas públicas municipales implementadas para enfrentar la pandemia de COVID-19 en los municipios del estado de Michoacán. México. La metodología empleada es de carácter cualitativo-analítico-descriptivo. Los principales resultados se orientan hacia la ejecución de políticas regulatorias, entre estas: la suspensión y regulación de actividades en establecimientos públicos y privados, filtros de control sanitario en las entradas a los municipios, verificación y vigilancia a establecimientos comerciales. Además, se formularon políticas distributivas relacionadas con programas de apoyo de alimentación; créditos para micro y pequeñas empresas, campañas de sanitización de espacios públicos y programas culturales virtuales. También, se efectuaron políticas constituyentes, vinculadas con la creación de comités de vigilancia y control, integración de comité municipales de salud, uso de instalaciones alternas para atender a la población y ampliación de los servicios municipales.
Annular Creep Barrier Evaluation and Qualification Using Ultrasonic Measurements
Authors: van Oort Eric , Thombare Akshay , Aldin Munir , Lucas Alex
Published: May 2022

It is well-known that formations that exhibit active creep behavior under downhole conditions, such as reactive shales and mobile salts, can form annular barriers across uncemented or poorly cemented annular sections behind casing strings. Such creep barriers can simplify well abandonments, particularly in high-cost offshore environments. Evaluation and qualification of creep barriers in the field, however, have proven challenging and labor-intensive when casing is perforated, and annular rock material is pressure-tested to verify its sealing ability. This work seeks to eliminate the need for pressure testing by allowing the barrier to be qualified using only casedhole log measurements.

Sophisticated rock mechanical laboratory experiments under realistic downhole conditions were conducted to investigate the formation of creep barriers by North Sea Lark shale. The experiments evaluated barrier formation while varying annular fluid chemistry and temperature. Measurement parameters included creep rate, pressure transmission across newly formed barriers, pressure breakthrough through the newly formed barriers as well as ultrasonic responses by the shale.

It was found that the Lark/Horda shale has a distinct anisotropic ultrasonic wave velocity profile that uniquely characterizes it. This can be used to identify its presence in an annular space when contacting the casing. A main conclusion is that a Lark shale barrier can be qualified through casedhole sonic and ultrasonic logging alone without the need for pressure testing if (1) the magnitude of the wave propagation velocity of the shale behind casing can be confirmed (2077 m/s for Lark shale); (2) the characteristic velocity anisotropy profile, unique to the shale (~10.1% for Lark shale), can be verified; (3) good contact with/bonding to the casing is observed; and optionally (4) anisotropy in the time behavior of the shale contacting the pipe is observed when the barrier is stimulated artificially. If these conditions are met, then our experiments show that the barrier will have excellent hydraulic sealing ability, with a permeability of a few microdarcies at most and a breakthrough pressure that approaches the minimum horizontal effective stress value.

Additional findings are that shale heating will accelerate barrier formation but may damage the shale formation in the process. Extraordinary fast annular closure and barrier formation with evident shale rehealing was observed by using a concentrated KCl solution as pore fluid, showing the merits of barrier stimulation by chemical means. This result can be explained by considering the effect of solutes on shale hydration forces.
Using the Flowing Material Balance Model to Determine Which Wells Out of a Group of Wells belong to the Same Common Pool
Authors: Tabatabaie S. Hamed , Behmanesh Hamid , Mattar Louis
Published: May 2022

In order to properly conduct material balance calculations, the wells must be producing from the same reservoir. Identification and grouping of wells in a common reservoir can be a challenging task.

Based on the flowing material balance (FMB), a methodology was developed that utilizes a well’s flow rate and flowing pressure history to identify which wells belong in the same reservoir, and which do not. This methodology, called the FMB model, continuously converts the flowing pressures and rates of each well into the average reservoir pressure. If these average reservoir pressure trends overlap, it indicates that the wells are in the same reservoir. If any of the trends are different, then those wells belong to different reservoirs.

The average reservoir pressure is determined in two ways. The first is from the productivity index (PI) and the flowing rates and pressures of that well. The second is from the material balance equation for the total production of the group of wells. These two average reservoir pressure trends will track over time if the well grouping is properly defined (i.e., all the wells in that grouping belong to the same reservoir), and if the correct hydrocarbon in place is used.

The FMB model can additionally be used to history match the flowing pressure of each well (using the flow rate as a control) or to match the flow rate of each well (using the flowing pressure as a control). These visual history matches increase our confidence in the interpretation of the FMB and can be used to investigate the sensitivity of magnitude of the hydrocarbons in place.

One field study consisting of three adjacent gas wells, coming on production at different times, and some of the wells not having a reliable initial pressure, illustrates clearly which wells are in the same reservoir and which ones are not, and yields the correct values of original gas in place.
Port-Opening Falloff Test: A Complementary Test to Diagnostic Fracture Injection Test
Authors: Hossain Sabbir , Dehghanpour Hassan , Ezulike Obinna , Dotson Bryan , Motealleh Siyavash
Published: May 2022

Conventional fracture injection/falloff tests, such as minifrac or diagnostic fracture injection test (DFIT), are commonly used to characterize shale and tight reservoirs. For ultralow-permeability reservoirs, a reliable DFIT requires a long falloff period after a short injection period. A long falloff observation period of weeks or months is often not economically viable. In addition, the recent economic downturn requires operators to seek cost-effective alternatives to further optimize expenditures. An alternative to a DFIT is a port-opening falloff test (POFOT).

Many horizontal completions use a pressure-activated sleeve in the toe of the well to provide formation access after the casing integrity test. Most sleeves open at a pressure in excess of the formation breakdown pressure, after which the wellbore pressure declines toward reservoir pressure. This study first introduces the concept of the POFOT as a novel physical test. A new test method must demonstrate that it accesses the formation of interest and that the data obtained are applicable. A workflow is developed to demonstrate this and is applied to falloff data from POFOTs conducted in five horizontal wells completed in five formations. The results show that the fluid leaving the port is highly likely to break down both the cement sheath and the matrix and create a fracture which then closes. Observation of the well pressure after port opening resembles that from a DFIT. However, without a fixed-duration and constant-rate injection period, there is no accepted method to apply. Nevertheless, both qualitative and quantitative analyses of the falloff data provide a good estimation of reservoir pressure with a reasonable approximation of fracture closure when compared with the estimates from DFIT analysis from offset wells. The key challenges in parameter estimation, besides the development of an appropriate analysis method, are short falloff data and noisy early-time data due to wellbore resonance (WBR), low-resolution gauges, and change in sampling frequency.
Sevoflurane Postconditioning Inhibits Pulmonary Apoptosis via PI3K/AKT in Dog Cardiopulmonary Bypass Model
Authors: Luo Junli , Li Dongdong , Chen Song , Zhang Hong , Cai Huijun
Published: May 2022

Background: The study aimed to investigate the protective effects and regulatory mechanism of sevoflurane postconditioning (SPC) in pulmonary apoptosis induced by cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). Methods: Twenty-four healthy dogs were divided into control (C group), ischemia/reperfusion (I/R group), sevoflurane postconditioning (SPO group) and wortmannin group (S+W group). At 10 min after the establishment of CPB, the left pulmonary artery was blocked. 2% sevoflurane was administrated when the pulmonary artery was reopened. Wortmannin was delivered for 10 min before the pulmonary artery was open. Before thoracotomy was implemented (T1), when the artery was reopened (T2) and 2 h after CPB (T3), blood and inferior lobe of left lung were isolated and subjected to gas analysis, pathological examination, western blot, and TUNEL staining. Results: No obvious changes were observed in C group throughout the experiment. The conditions of all treated groups progressively deteriorated and no difference could be found except the number of apoptotic cells of T3 between S+W and I/R group. At T2, the treated groups showed similar conditions. At T3, the lung function and structure of S group were improved than I/R and S+W group. S group showed the highest p-Akt expression, the lowest cleaved-caspase 3 expression and apoptotic cell percentage.Conclusions: Ischemia reperfusion of lung during CPB reduces lung function and injures the pulmonary structure via inducing lung apoptosis. Sevoflurane postconditioning preserves lung function and structure by alleviating apoptosis via activation of PI3K/Akt.
Paracrocinitomix mangrovi gen. nov., sp. nov., isolated from a mangrove sediment and phylogeny of the family Cryomorphaceae revisited: proposal of two new families, Phaeocystidibacteraceae fam. nov. and Owenweeksiaceae fam. nov
Authors: Huang Zhaobin , Huang Yuanyuan , Lai Qiliang , Oren Aharon , Wang Wanpeng
Published: May 2022

A Gram-stain-negative and rod-shaped bacterial strain designated GM2-3-6-6T was obtained from a mangrove sediment. Cells were light yellow-pigmented, catalase-positive and oxidase-positive. Carotenoid pigment was produced. Phylogeny of the 16S rRNA gene showed that strain GM2-3-6-6T was affiliated to the family Crocinitomicaceae, sharing maximum sequence similarities with Crocinitomix algicola 0182T, C. catalasitica IFO 15977T, and Putridiphycobacter roseus SM1701T of 93.8%, 93.6%, and 92.5%, respectively. The average nucleotide identity (ANI) values, digital DNA-DNA hybridization (dDDH) estimates and average amino acid identity (AAI) values between strain GM2-3-6-6T and the three close relatives were 68.55–68.80%, 18.50–19.20%, and 59.01–62.33%, respectively. The complete circular genome of strain GM2-3-6-6T was 4,365,762 bp in length with a DNA G + C content of 34.98%. The respiratory quinone was MK-7. The major polar lipids consisted of phosphatidylethanolamine, two unidentified phospholipids, one unidentified aminoglycolipid, one unidentified aminolipid and four other unidentified lipids. The major fatty acids were iso-C15:0, iso-C15:1 G, summed feature 3 (C16:1ω7c and/or C16:1ω6c), and iso-C17:0 3-OH. Based on genomic, phenotypic, and chemotaxonomic characterizations, strain GM2-3-6-6T represents a novel species of a novel genus, for which the name Paracrocinitomix mangrovi gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is GM2-3-6-6T (= MCCC 1K04831T = KCTC 82931T). Additionally, phylogenomic analysis of the family Cryomorphaceae related members, including type strains and uncultivated bacteria, was performed using the Genome Taxonomic Database toolkit (GTDB-Tk). Based on 16S rRNA gene phylogeny and genomic features, two novel families, Phaeocystidibacteraceae fam. nov. and Owenweeksiaceae fam. nov. are proposed.
Stakeholders’ visual preferences relationships of Landscape design elements in constructed wetland parks.
Authors: Omayer Hayam M. , haron ahmed
Published: May 2022

Verifying stakeholders' preference elements for public garden projects is one of the development methods in urban projects. Stakeholders' visual perceptions studies of landscape elements in Egypt are limited. The current research used a methodological approach based on a one-on-one photographic questionnaire to investigate the understanding of constructed wetland parks projects, technologies, and Landscape elements' visual perception. The questionnaire is used with different stakeholders engaged in a research project to create a newly constructed wetland park in Egypt. The research is part of a scientific project in Ten Ramadan city. It is a new city located in the northeast of Cairo. The paper highlights the importance of visual perception and preferences for landscape design elements to meet the community's needs. It clarifies that the local community needs to interact with this type of constructed wetland park in Egypt positively. Results may be used to drive community involvement policies and assist government officials, planners, designers in conserving the biodiversity of wetland parks. This paper demonstrates how the significance of landscape elements extends beyond the visual perception of the public park's design, contributing significantly to its visual dimension. Additionally, numerous aspects affecting landscape elements that can help users interact with the park elements will meet the new Egyptian cities' environmental needs associated with the hot climate and the desert nature.
Synthesis of water, sanitation and hygiene (WaSH) spatial pattern in rural India: an integrated interpretation of WaSH practices
Authors: Dadhich Ankita Pran , Dadhich Pran N. , Goyal Rohit
Published: May 2022

Rural areas largely lack access to improved drinking water-sanitation and hygiene (WaSH) facilities in India. This requires documentation and knowledge of WaSH practices at the local level for better understanding and for sustainable development. In this paper, a global positioning system (GPS) based household survey was carried out in 67 villages of Phagi tehsil using individual questionnaires to evaluate the existing WaSH conditions spatially at the panchayat level. Three sub-indices were used for assessment and risk areas mapping with the integration of advanced computing methods. Support Vector Machine Regression (SVMR) was used to find the correlation and for predicting the WaSH conditions. Results indicate the improvement in the availability of toilet facilities due to government efforts however toilet usage is least in the study area. Data shows that only six panchayats have almost zero open defecation practices among the 32 panchayats of Phagi tehsil. The findings highlight that presence of toilets, water availability in toilets and high literacy rate could lead to an increase in toilet usage. Groundwater quality data analysis reflects the unsuitability of water for drinking purposes in the area. WaSH index scores infer that panchayats like Mandawari, Mendwas, Chandma Kalan, and Rotwara display the worst condition and fall in the high-risk category. Moreover, SVMR results reveal that WaSH scores are mainly affected by open defecation (r = 0.94) and toilet water availability (r = 0.92). The findings demonstrate that the WaSH index can be used as a monitoring tool by local policymakers to shrink the WaSH gaps.
Post-Tuberculosis Tracheobronchial Stenosis: Long-Term Follow-Up after Self-Expandable Metallic Stents Placement and development of a prediction score: the Restenosis Score
Authors: Li Fuqi , Tian Sen , Huang Haidong , Zhang Wei , Huang Yi , Wu Ning , Wang Qin , Wang Xiangqi , Dong Yuchao , Bai Chong
Published: May 2022

Background
The insertion of self-expanding metallic stent (SEMS) for post-tuberculosis tracheobronchial stenosis (PTTS) was controversial. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of SEMS for treating PTTS, and developed a scoring system for predicting the occurrence of restenosis after stenting in PTTS patients.
Methods
We conducted a retrospective review of 87 patients who were diagnosed with PTTS and experienced SEMS insertion between January 2000 and December 2017. All procedures were performed via soft bronchoscopy under conscious sedation and local anesthesia.
Results
A total of 85 SEMS were successfully placed in 77 patients. Comparing with pre-stenting, there were significant improvements in the lumen diameters of the stenotic segment, mMRC scale and lung function after short-term SEMS placement. During the long-term (average 163.32 months) follow-up, 48 patients (62.3%) didn’t develop restenosis after stenting; the other 29 patients (37.7%) developed and eventually, 12 remained under interventional therapies and 11 had bronchial atresia. Multivariate cox regression analysis revealed that the difference value between SEMS length and the stenosis-segment length, stenosis type, and the number of pre-stenting thermal ablation were independently related to restenosis occurrence and were subsequently used to establish the Restenosis Score. The model’s development group (0.83, 95%CI: 0.74–0.92) and external validation set (0.94, 95%CI: 0.77–1.00) showed excellent discrimination.
Conclusion
SEMS placement could serve as a safe and effective treatment option for most patients with PTTS. Further, we built a prediction model depending on the independent predictors of restenosis occurrence, the Restenosis Score. This validated tool might provide a decision support and a better management for PTTS patients who underwent SEMS implantation.
Using Participatory Action Research to pilot a model of service user and caregiver involvement in mental health system strengthening in Ethiopian primary healthcare: A case study
Authors: Abayneh Sisay , Lempp Heidi , Kohrt Brandon A. , Alem Atalay , Hanlon Charlotte
Published: May 2022

Background
Little is known about actual involvement or how to achieve service user and caregiver in mental health systems strengthening in low-and middle-income countries. This study describes the processes and explores involvement experiences of participants in a pilot study of a new model of service user involvement in mental health system strengthening in a rural district in southern Ethiopia.
Methods
We applied a case study design using participatory action research (PAR). The PAR process comprised of three stages, each with iterative activities of plan, act, observe and reflect. Two stakeholder groups, a Research Advisory Group (RAG) and Research Participant Group (RPG), were established and collaborated in the PAR process. Data collection involved process documentation of meetings and activities: attendances, workshop minutes, discussion outputs, reflective notes, participatory observation of sessions, and in-depth interviews with 12 RPG members. We analyzed the process data descriptively. Thematic analysis was used for qualitative data. Triangulation and synthesis of findings was carried out to develop the case study.
Results
The stakeholder groups identified their top research priorities, developed an intervention and action plan and made a public presentation of preliminary findings. Key mechanisms used for inclusive participation included capacity building and bringing together diverse stakeholders, anchoring the study in established strong community involvement structures, and making use of participatory strategies and activities during the PAR process. Four themes were developed about experiences of involvement in PAR: (i) expectations and motivation,(ii) experiences of the dynamics of the PAR process,(iii) perceived impacts of involvement in the PAR process, and (iv) implementation challenges and future directions.
Conclusion
This case study demonstrated the feasibility and acceptability of implementing a complex model of service-user involvement in mental health system strengthening in a resource constrained setting. More needs to be done to embed service-user involvement into routines of the primary healthcare system, alongside sustained support and strengthening multi-stakeholder collaboration at multiple levels.
Fusion of AraBERT and DF-GAN for Arabic Text to Image Generation
Authors: BAHANI Mourad , OUAAZIZI Aziza EL , MAALMI Khalil
Published: May 2022

Current AI systems have shown impressive results in the Automatic synthesis of high-resolution realistic images from texts descriptions. Specifically, Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) as a powerful technology that utilizes computer vision tools to create two models, the Generator that generates realistic images and the discriminator that distinguishes whether the images synthesized are real or fake. Further, Most text-to-image generation frameworks leverage the power of GANs to generate realistic images conditioned with texts descriptions. In this paper, we fuse a sample and efficient text-to-image generation framework called DF-GAN and AraBERT architecture to generate images conditioned with Arabic texts descriptions. Firstly, we recreate new datasets matching the Arabic text-to-image generation task by applying super translation using the DeepL-Translator from English to Arabic on texts descriptions. Secondly, we leverage the power of AraBERT which is trained on billions of Arabic words to produce a strong sentence embedding, and we reduce that vector’s dimension to match with DF-GAN shape. Thirdly, we inject the reduced sentence embedding into the DF-GAN framework to generate high-resolution realistic, and text-matching images conditioned with Arabic texts descriptions. Such as in previous work, we use CUB and Oxford-102 flowers as original datasets. Further, we measure our framework with FID and IS. Our framework is the first that achieve much success in generating high-resolution realistic and text matching images conditioned with Arabic text.
Papillary Tumor of The Pineal Region Rare Pediatric CNS Tumor: Case Series Treated in King Fahad Medical City (KFMC)
Authors: Mobark Nahla Ali , Alharbi Musa , Alotabi Fahad , Alshoumer Azhar , AlSaad Abdulaziz N , AlNaqib Zaid G. , Shakweer Wafa Al , Alsolme Ebtehal , Jabarat Wael A. Al , Balbaid Ali Abdullah O. , Abedalthagafi Malak
Published: May 2022

The clinical behaviors, prognosis, and appropriate treatments of Papillary tumors of the pineal region (PTPR) are not fully defined due to the rarity of these tumors. At diagnosis, PTPR may present with clinical symptoms including headache with obstructive hydrocephalus, diplopia, vomiting, and lethargy as well as neurological signs including Argyll Robertson pupils and Parinaud’s syndrome due to compression of the dorsal midbrain, specifically the periaqueductal region with horizontal nystagmus. Radiological assessment of pineal region lesions is challenging, with a wide range of potential differential diagnoses. PTPR typically presents as a heterogeneous, well-circumscribed mass in the pineal region, which might contain cystic areas, calcifications, hemorrhages or protein accumulations. Here, we report three female pediatric patients with PTPR treated in King Fahad Medical City (KFMC) in Saudi Arabia. Histological and immunohistochemical diagnosis was confirmed by analysis of genome-wide DNA methylation profiles. This case series expands on the available reports on the clinical presentations of PTPR and provides important information on the responses to different treatment modalities.
An innovative solution for rural food waste treatment: From waste to organic grains
Authors: Wang Lan , Zhou Gaifang , Qin Tianyu , Guo Liyue , Li Caihong , Liu Meizhen , Jiang Gaoming
Published: May 2022

Food waste (FW) in a whole country contains a large amount of nitrogen which could be used to replace chemical fertilizers to produce organic grains, thus mitigating environmental pollution from the source. A two-year field experiment was carried out using rural FW to grow organic grains in Shandong Province, China. Different proportions of FW and cattle manure were designed as followings, FM0, 100% cattle manure compost (CMC); FM1, 75% CMC + 25% FW; FM2, 50% CMC + 50% FW; FM3, 25% CMC + 75% FW; FM4, 100% FW; CF, 100% chemical fertilizer; CK, without any fertilizers. Compared with CK and FM0, the application of FW significantly increased the total nitrogen, total phosphorus and total potassium content of the soil. FW did not cause increase of heavy metals such as cuprum, zinc and chromium in the soils, nor did it increase the heavy metals in the grains. Using FW to replace all cattle manure, the total organic yield of grains reached to an average of 18163 kg ha− 1. We found that 1 kg dry FW could produce 1.64 kg organic grains under organic conditions, with the average net income being 5.42 times that of chemical mode. Our findings may provide an innovative solution for treating rural food wastes, ensuring food safety, and conservating the agriculture ecosystem.
Investigation of acylated anthocyanins from black rice by lipase-catalyzed: Improvement of lipid-soluble antioxidant activity and stability
Authors: Wang Hui , Sun Lina , Li Yanhui , Kong Yue , Kang Zimeng , Wu Zenan , Lv Wenbiao , Xie Ruiwei , Xie Fengying
Published: May 2022

In this study, a series of acylated anthocyanins from black rice with different weight ratio of caffeic acid has been successfully prepared by lipase-catalyzed in non-aqueous phase. The effects of acylation on the antioxidant capacity and degradation kinetics were also conducted. The ability of scavenging liposoluble radical and total antioxidant capacity for anthocyanins were improved by acylation reaction. The total antioxidant capacity reached maximum when the weight ratio of anthocyanins to caffeic acid was 1:1. Moreover, the decomposition stability of acylated anthocyanins was enhanced and the degradation followed first order reaction kinetics with respect to temperature, pH and light, respectively. The decomposition rate at relevant pH value for acylated anthocyanins with the weight ratio of 2:1 was the highest. However, the rate constant of anthocyanins against heat and light were decreased with the increasing content of caffeic acid, which illustrated that the thermal and light stability was increased with the content of caffeic acid increasing. The exploration of this study would extend the application of anthocyanin in organic phase and lay the groundwork for further exploring the potential application of anthocyanins in food industry.
Simulation of membrane deployment accounting for the nonlinear crease effect based on absolute nodal coordinate formulation
Authors: Wang Tengfei , Wu Ziyuan , Wang Jia , Lan Peng , Xu Minglong
Published: May 2022

In this paper, the origami membrane is modeled as a flexible multibody system and its deployment is simulated based on the absolute nodal coordinate formulation. The nonlinear anti-deployment effect of crease is integrated into the multibody system via the virtual work principle. The facet is modeled by the thin shell element and the crease is constructed as a nonlinear torsional spring with specific position and gradient constraints. The behavior of the crease is parameterized based on the experimental data. The modeling approach is verified by the numerical/experimental reference of the Z-folding structure in the existing literature. For the multi-crease origami membrane model considering the crease effect, a form-finding method to obtain the initial configuration of the flexible origami is proposed based on the principle of minimum potential energy. The deployment of the classical Miura-ori unit membrane structure is analyzed. The magnitude of driving force is estimated based on the force analysis of rigid deployment. Based on the simulation result of flexible deployment, the driving force is planned to achieve a stable deployment with a constant increase speed in the deployment ratio. This work is expected to provide a reference for the design of space membrane structure, the estimation of driving force, and optimizing the deployment strategy of an origami membrane.
Propagation characteristics of an elastic bar coupled with a discrete snap-through element
Authors: Bhattacharyya Aneesh , Adhikari Sondipon
Published: May 2022

Wave propagation characteristics of an elastic bar coupled at one end with a single degree of freedom, bi-stable, essentially nonlinear snap-through element are considered. The free end of the bar is subjected to sinusoidal excitations. A novel approach based on Multiple Time Scales and Harmonic Balance Method has been proposed to analytically investigate the reflected wave from the nonlinear interface and the dynamic response of the snap-through element. A unified approach to the non-dimensional representation of the governing equations of motion, boundary conditions and system parameters which is consistent across all the externally applied excitation frequencies and excitation amplitudes, has been developed. Through Taylor series expansion of the non-autonomous forcing functions arising in the governing differential equations and natural boundary condition about an initial stable configuration of the system and the proposed asymptotic method, approximate closed-form analytical solutions have been derived for sufficiently small amplitudes of the excitation pulse. Numerical results obtained through a Finite Difference algorithm, validate the asymptotic model for the same small amplitudes of the excitation pulse. A stability analysis has been subsequently performed for the discrete snap-through element by using the Extended Floquet Theory for sufficiently large amplitudes of the excitation pulse by approximating the displacement at the nonlinear interface as a sinusoidal function of time, and the Mathieu plot of the excitation frequency vs the excitation amplitude showing the stable and unstable regions for the motion of the snap-through element has been generated. The expressions derived here give the most comprehensive and consistent description of the wave propagation characteristics and the motion of the snap-through element, which can be directly used in finite-difference analysis over a wide range of parameter values of the excitation pulse.
Development of Magnitude Correlation Equations for the Tsunamigenic Zones of the Indian Ocean
Authors: Sabah Nazeel , Shanker Daya
Published: May 2022

There is a pressing need for a homogonous tsunami catalogue for the Indian Ocean as nearly 20 per cent of tsunami events worldwide affect the region. Any study on tsunami hazard assessment necessitates a homogenous tsunamigenic earthquake catalogue. The existing records of strong tsunamigenic earthquakes have the magnitudes expressed in Moment magnitude (MW), Body wave magnitude (mb), Local magnitude (ML) and Surface wave magnitude (MS). This study deals with developing regional magnitude correlation equations for tsunamigenic earthquakes of the Indian Ocean. The present investigation estimates the threshold magnitude and focal depth for an earthquake to turn tsunamigenic. It is found that earthquakes above MW ≥ 5.2 and focal depth ≤ 80 km have the potential to generate a tsunami in the region. Since the moment magnitude is the most scientific and reliable scale that describes earthquakes' physical size, equations have been developed to convert surface wave magnitude (MS) to moment magnitude (MW). Three types of regression models have been used, viz. Orthogonal Standard Regression (OSR), Standard Regression (SR) and Inverse Standard Regression (ISR). The efficacy of these models has been compared in terms of R-Squared and residual analysis. This study indicates that OSR (Orthogonal Standard Regression) is the best-suited regression model for developing magnitude correlation equations for the region. Magnitude conversion equations for three zones of the Indian Ocean have been created. Additionally, a single unified conversion equation for the whole of the Indian Ocean has also been derived with rational accuracy.
Reduced Neural Responses to Reward Reflect Anhedonia and Inattention: An ERP Study
Authors: Liu Zhengjie , Wang Mengyun , Zhou Xiaojuan , Qin Shubao , Zeng Ziyang , Zhang Zhongming
Published: May 2022

Background: An inhibited neural response to reward is typical of clinical depression and can predict an individual's overall depressive symptoms. However, the mechanism underlying this are unclear. Previous studies have found that anhedonia and inattention may mediate the relationship between reward sensitivity and depressive symptoms.Therefore, this study aimed to verify the relationship between reward sensitivity and overall depressive symptoms in a depressive tendency sample as well as to explore the mechanism underlying the ability of neural responses to reward to predict overall depressive symptoms via a mediation model.Methods: Sixty-four participants (33 with depressive tendencies and 31 without; dichotomized by BDI-II) finished simple gambling tasks while their event-related potential components (ERPs) were recorded and compared. Linear regression was conducted to verify the predictive effect of ERPs on overall depressive symptoms. A multiple mediator model was used, with anhedonia and distractibility as mediators reward sensitivity and overall depressive symptoms.Results: The amplitude of reward positivity (ΔRewP) was greater in healthy controls compared to those with depressive tendencies (p = 0.006). Both the gain-locked ERP component (b = −1.183, p = 0.007) and the ΔRewP (b = −0.991, p = 0.024) could significantly negatively predict overall depressive symptoms even after controlling for all anxiety symptoms. The indirect effects of anhedonia and distractibility were significant (both confidence intervals did not contain 0) while the direct effect of reward sensitivity on depressive symptom was not significant (lower confidence interval = −0.320, upper confidence interval = 0.065).Limitations: Anhedonia and distractibility were both quantified by self-report scales in this study; thus, future studies that include behavioural indicators are warranted.Conclusions: Individuals with depressive tendencies display impaired neural responses to reward compared to healthy controls and reduced individual neural responses to reward may reflect the different biotypes of depression such as anhedonia and inattention.
Public support for natural gas bans in the United States
Authors: McLean Elena , Whang Taehee , Yang Joonseok
Published: May 2022

Policies to reduce greenhouse gas emissions in the US have largely treated natural gas as a clean fuel due to its lower dioxide-to-energy content than other fuels. However, recent local decarbonization initiatives seek to ban residential uses of natural gas. Public support for such policies will determine whether other localities adopt natural gas bans and whether state and federal policies may follow. At the same time, several states adopted policies prohibiting natural gas bans. In this study, we show that public support for gas bans depends on policy design. Our survey experiment shows that health effects of proposed policies are associated with public support, whereas monthly energy costs, industry support, and information about climate effects and political support for the proposed policy do not influence public opinion.
Design, Synthesis, Cytotoxicity and Molecular docking studies of 1-(4-methoxyphenyl)-N-substituted phenyl-1H-1,2,3-triazole-4-carboxamide derivatives
Authors: Shinde Ravindra Raghunath , Dhawale Sachin , Fatema Samreen , Farooqui Mazahar
Published: May 2022

A new series of 1-(4-methoxyphenyl)-N-substituted phenyl-1H-1,2,3-triazole-4-carboxamide derivates (4A-4N) have been synthesized in excellent yields and structures were characterized by spectral techniques like 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, LC-MS & FT-IR. The newly synthesized derivatives were evaluated for anticancer activity against breast cancer cell lines MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231. Among them, compound 4H (IC50 = 13.11 µM and 23.61 µM) and compound 4M (IC50 = 11.55µM to 31.87µM) shows good cytotoxicity activity toward both cell line, while compounds 4B (IC50 = 9.48 µM), 4I (IC50 = 7.11 µM), and 4J (IC50 = 8.27 µM) showed promising cytotoxicity against MCF-7 cell line as compared with standard (Doxorubicin). Also explored docking study with binding mode of interactions and active site in EGFR tyrosinse (PDB ID: 2J5F) proteins and molecular docking study shows very good interaction with the tyrosinse kinase active site. In addition of this targeted compounds were studied the pharmacokinetic and the compounds were follow Lipinski’s rule of five as well as compounds have acceptable good drug-likeness score properties.
Palliative care practice and moral distress during COVID-19 pandemic (PEOpLE-C19 study): a national, cross-sectional study in the Czech Republic
Authors: Prokopová Tereza , Hudec Jan , Vrbica Kamil , Stašek Jan , Pokorná Andrea , Štourač Petr , Rusinová Kateřina , Kerpnerová Paulína , Štěpánová Radka , Svobodník Adam , Maláska Jan
Published: May 2022

BackgroundProviding palliative care, including end-of-life decisions (EOLD), seems to be modified during the COVID-19 pandemic with potential burden of moral distress (MD) to health care providers (HCPs) We seek to assess the practice of palliative care during the COVID-19 pandemic in the Czech Republic focusing on the level of moral distress and its possible modifiable factors.MethodsBetween June 16, 2021, and September 16, 2021, a national, cross-sectional study in intensive care units (ICU) in Czech Republic was performed. Physicians and nurses working in ICU during the COVID-19 pandemic were included in the study. For questionnaire development ACADEMY and CHERRIES guide and checklist were used. A multivariate logistic regression model was used to analyses possible modifiable factors of MD.ResultsIn total, 313 HCPs (14.5% out of all opened questionnaires) fully completed the survey. Results showed that 51.8% (n = 162) of respondents were exposed to MD during the COVID-19 pandemic. 63.1% (n = 113) of nurses and 71.6% of (n = 96) physicians had experience with the perception of disproportionate care. If disproportionate care was perceived, higher chance for the occurrence of moral distress for HCPs (OR, 1.854; CI, 1.057–3.252; p = 0.0312) was found. When patients died with dignity, chance for MD was lower (OR, 0.235; CI, 0.128–0.430; p < 0.001). The three most often reported differences in palliative care practice during pandemic were health system congestion, personnel factors, and characteristics of COVID-19 infection.ConclusionsHCPs working at ICUs experienced significant MD during the COVID-19 pandemic in the Czech Republic. The major sources were perceiving disproportionate care and dying of patients without dignity. Strategies for improvement in communication and ethical climate must be prioritised.Trial registration NCT04910243; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04910243. Registered 2 June 2021
Predictors of mortality in tocilizumab treated severe Covid-19
Authors: Pagkratis Konstantinos , Chrysikos Serafeim , Antonakis Emmanouil , Pandi Aggeliki , Kosti Chrysavgi , Markatis Eleftherios , Hillas Georgios , Digalaki Antonia , Koukidou Sofia , Chaini Eleftheria , Afthinos Andreas , Dimakou Katerina , Papanikolaou Ilias C
Published: May 2022

Purpose
Tocilizumab is associated with positive outcomes in severe Covid-19. We wanted to describe the characteristics of non-responders to treatment.
Methods
Retrospective multi-center study in two respiratory departments, investigating adverse outcomes at 90 days from diagnosis in subjects treated with tocilizumab (8mg/kg intravenously single dose) for severe progressive covid-19.
Results
121 subjects, 62% males, 9% fully vaccinated. 96 (79.4%) survived and 25 died (20.6%). Compared to survivors (S), non-survivors (NS) were older (median 57 versus 75 years of age), had more comorbidities (charlson comorbidity index 2 versus 5) and higher rates of intubation/mechanical ventilation (p < 0,05). On admission, NS had lower PO2/FiO2 ratio, higher blood ferritin and higher troponin and on clinical progression (day of tocilizumab treatment) had lower PO2/FiO2 ratio, decreased lymphocytes, increased neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio, increased ferritin and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), disease located centrally on computed tomography scan and increased late c-reactive protein. Cox proportional hazards regression analysis identified age and LDH on deterioration as predictors of death; admission PO2/FiO2 ratio and LDH as predictors of intubation; PO2/FiO2 ratios, LDH and central lung disease on radiology as predictors of non-invasive ventilation (NIV) (a < 0,05). Log-rank test of mortality yielded the same results (p < 0,001). ROC analysis of above predictors in a separate validation cohort yielded significant results.
Conclusion
Older age and high serum LDH on deterioration are predictors of mortality in tocilizumab treated severe covid-19. Hypoxia levels, LDH and central pulmonary involvement radiologically are associated with intubation and NIV.
Incidence, Risk Factors, and Clinical Impact of Major Bleeding in Hospitalized Patients with COVID-19: A Sub-analysis of the CLOT-COVID Study
Authors: Nakamura Junichi , Tsujino Ichizo , Yachi Sen , Takeyama Makoto , Nishimoto Yuji , Konno Satoshi , Yamamoto Naoto , Nakata Hiroko , Ikeda Satoshi , Umetsu Michihisa , Aikawa Shizu , Hayashi Hiroya , Satokawa Hirono , Okuno Yoshinori , Iwata Eriko , Ogihara Yoshito , Ikeda Nobutaka , Kondo Akane , Iwai Takehisa , Yamada Norikazu , Ogawa Tomohiro , Kobayashi Takao , Mo Makoto , Yamashita Yugo
Published: May 2022

Background: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) causes extensive coagulopathy and a potential benefit of anticoagulation therapy has been documented for prevention of thromboembolic events. Bleeding events has also been reported as a notable complication; whereas, the incidence, risks, and clinical impact of bleeding remain unclear.Method: The CLOT-COVID Study was a nationwide, retrospective, multicenter cohort study on consecutive hospitalized patients with COVID-19 in Japan between April 2021 and September 2021. In this sub-analysis, we compared the characteristics of patients with and without major bleeding; moreover, we examined the risk factors for and clinical impact of bleeding events.Results: Among 2882 patients with COVID-19, 57 (2.0%) had major bleeding. The incidence of major bleeding increased with COVID-19 severity as follows: 0.5%, 2.3%, and 12.3% in patients with mild, moderate, and severe COVID-19, respectively. COVID-19 severity, history of major bleeding, and anticoagulant type/dose were independently and additively associated with the bleeding incidence. Compared with patients without major bleeding, those with major bleeding exhibited a longer duration of hospitalization (9 [6-14] vs 28 [19-43] days, P<0.001) and higher mortality during hospitalization (4.9% vs. 35.1%, P<0.001).Conclusions: In the real-world clinical practice, the incidence of major bleeding was not uncommon, especially in patients with severe COVID-19. Independent risk factors for major bleeding included history of major bleeding, COVID-19 severity, and anticoagulant use, which could be associated with poor clinical outcomes including higher mortality. Precise recognition of the risks for bleeding may be helpful for an optimal use of anticoagulants and for better outcomes in patients with COVID-19.