bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Exploring evolutionary trajectories in ovarian cancer patients by longitudinal analysis of ctDNA
Authors: Kutz Oliver , Drukewitz Stephan , Krüger Alexander , Aust Daniela , William Doreen , Oster Sandra , Schröck Evelin , Baretton Gustavo , Link Theresa , Wimberger Pauline , Kuhlmann Jan Dominik
Published: April 2024

Objectives

We analysed whether temporal heterogeneity of ctDNA encodes evolutionary patterns in ovarian cancer.

Methods

Targeted sequencing of 275 cancer-associated genes was performed in a primary tumor biopsy and in ctDNA of six longitudinal plasma samples from 15 patients, using the Illumina platform.

Results

While there was low overall concordance between the mutational spectrum of the primary tumor biopsies vs. ctDNA, TP53 variants were the most commonly shared somatic alterations. Up to three variant clusters were detected in each tumor biopsy, likely representing predominant clones of the primary tumor, most of them harbouring a TP53 variant. By tracing these clusters in ctDNA, we propose that liquid biopsy may allow to assess the contribution of ancestral clones of the tumor to relapsed abdominal masses, revealing two evolutionary patterns. In pattern#1, clusters detected in the primary tumor biopsy were likely relapse seeding clones, as they contributed a major share to ctDNA at relapse. In pattern#2, similar clusters were present in tumors and ctDNA; however, they were entirely cleared from liquid biopsy after chemotherapy and were undetectable at relapse. ctDNA private variants were present among both patterns, with some of them mirroring subclonal expansions after chemotherapy.

Conclusions

We demonstrate that tracing the temporal heterogeneity of ctDNA, even below exome scale resolution, deciphers evolutionary trajectories in ovarian cancer. Furthermore, we describe two evolutionary patterns that may help to identify relapse seeding clones for targeted therapy.
What is a Chinese word? Lexical constructionalization in Chinese
Authors: Zhang Liulin
Published: April 2024

The Chinese language is defined on the basis of Chinese characters, which stabilize monosyllabic root morphemes across the countless varieties. As subsyllabic linguistic forms such as derivational morphology can hardly be represented by Chinese characters, compounding is preferred over derivation in Chinese. Compounds do not have fixed word boundaries. The wordhood of compounds pertains to the level of conventionality in language use, which is a continuum instantiated by synchronic gradience and diachronic gradualness. A perennial archaizing aesthetics further complicates the determination of Chinese words by preserving classical linguistic forms in formal and literary writing, thus making every synchronic stratum heterogeneous by blurring the distinction between historical strata. Therefore, the boundaries of words have always been fluid in native speakers’ mental lexicon.
Bayesian Flexible Local Projections
Authors: Brugnolini Luca , Catania Leopoldo , Hansen Pernille , Santucci de Magistris Paolo
Published: April 2024

We develop a methodology to estimate impulse response functions via Bayesian techniques with the goal of providing a bridge between a linear vector autoregressive specification and a high-order polynomial local projection, namely flexible local projection. We label this methodology Bayesian Flexible Local Projection (BFLP). We assess the properties of BFLP in a Monte Carlo framework considering both linear and non-linear models as data generating processes. We also empirically illustrate how BFLP can be used with standard identification strategies. In particular, we show how to use external instruments to identify the effects of the monetary policy shock in the United States. Furthermore, exploiting the time-varying nature of the impulse response functions based on BFLP, we assess the zero lower bound irrelevance hypothesis and find no strong evidence that monetary policy was less effective in influencing output and inflation during the recent ZLB period.
Phase structure of the ceramic samples of the BiScO3–PbTiO3–PbMg⅓Nb⅔O3 system near the morphotropic phase boundary studied by the Rietveld method
Authors: Sirotinkin Vladimir , Bush Alexandr , Sysoev Maksim
Published: April 2024

An X-ray diffraction study of ceramic samples of the BiScO3–PbTiO3–PbMg⅓Nb⅔O3 system with compositions close to the morphotropic phase boundary was carried out at room temperature. The existence of wide areas of solid solutions has been established. The symmetry of the PbTiO3-based solid solutions is tetragonal (space group P4mm). The symmetry of the PbMg⅓Nb⅔O3-based solid solutions is cubic (space group Pm3‾m). Near the BiScO3 side, the solid solutions are rhombohedral (space group R3m). During the morphotropic phase transition from the cubic solid solutions to the tetragonal ones, additional phases appear. If a tetragonal phase prevails ((1 − 2x)BiScO3–xPbTiO3–xPbMg⅓Nb⅔O3
x = 0.46; (1 − 2x)BiScO3–1.1xPbTiO3–0.9xPbMg⅓Nb⅔O3
x = 0.45 and 0.42), a satisfactory model is a model with a minority cubic phase (space group Pm3‾m). If a cubic phase prevails ((1 − 2x)BiScO3–1.1xPbTiO3–0.9xPbMg⅓Nb⅔O3
x = 0.39 and 0.36; (1 − 2x)BiScO3–0.8xPbTiO3–1.2xPbMg⅓Nb⅔O3
x = 0.4), a model with a minority monoclinic phase (space group Cm) or with two minority phases: tetragonal (space group P4mm) and monoclinic (space group Cm) is satisfactory.
Fisheries Governance: The Search for Effective Management and the Illusion of Control
Authors: van Santen Gert
Published: April 2024

The fish we catch are a very small part of all creatures that live in the oceans. Once put on land many fish products circulate in complex auction, processing, distribution and consumption patterns. The history of ‘governance’ of marine fisheries includes cases that are considered clear successes—the global effectiveness of the International Whaling Commission—and others resulting in abject failure like the cod fishery near Newfoundland; most documented cases seem to straddle somewhere in between, a fisheries purgatory. This essay suggests that the outcome of our focus in the recent past: i.e., to privatise fishing rights in mostly advanced economies and apply theories and markets maximizing single objectives has been a mixed bag. To better address evolving energy efficiency requirements, strong demands to protect the marine environment and coastal communities, and international political developments an approach will be required in the future whereby multiple parties are given more responsibility to negotiate a politically acceptable consensus defining the—short and long-term—future of the sector and its governance.
Narrative literature review of antidiabetic drugs’ effect on hyperuricemia: elaborating actual data and mechanisms
Authors: Liu Zhenyu , Kong Huixi , Zhang Baoyu
Published: April 2024

To optimize the treatment plan for patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and hyperuricemia, this narrative literature review summarizes the effect of antidiabetic drugs on serum uric acid (SUA) levels using data from observational studies, prospective clinical trials, post hoc analyses, and meta-analyses. SUA is an independent risk factor for T2DM, and evidence has shown that patients with both gout and T2DM exhibit a mutually interdependent effect on higher incidences. We find that insulin and dipeptidyl peptidase 4 inhibitor (DPP-4i) except linagliptin could increase the SUA and other drugs including metformin, thiazolidinediones (TZDs), glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs), linagliptin, sodium–glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i), and α-glucosidase inhibitors have a reduction effect on SUA. We explain the mechanisms of different antidiabetic drugs above on SUA and analyze them compared with actual data. For sulfonylureas, meglitinides, and amylin analogs, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. We think the usage of linagliptin and SGLT2i is the most potentially effective treatment of patients with T2DM and hyperuricemia currently. Our review is a comprehensive summary of the effects of antidiabetic drugs on SUA, which includes actual data, the mechanisms of SUA regulation, and the usage rate of drugs.
Global trends and research hotspots of reverse total shoulder arthroplasty: a bibliometric analysis from 1991 to 2022
Authors: Jin Hongfu , Jiang Shide , Pavel Volotovski , Tadum Arthur Vithran Djandan , Xiao Wenfeng , Li Yusheng
Published: April 2024

Reverse total shoulder arthroplasty (rTSA) has been demonstrated to be an effective intervention for various shoulder disorders. The number of rTSA-related studies performed has increased annually over the past three decades.

The Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery had the highest number of publications and citations in the rTSA-related research domain and is therefore considered to be the most influential journal in this field.

The USA published the most publications and established a high degree of cooperation with many countries worldwide. The University of Florida, the Hospital for Special Surgery, and Rush University, Mayo Clinic were representative and active institutions in this field.

It is anticipated that advancements in prosthesis design, specifically with regards to lateralized design concepts, expanding indications for rTSA, a trend toward younger patient populations, and the management of postoperative complications will emerge as research hotspots in the following years.

The most valuable publications, influential journals, major researchers, and leading countries were analyzed. The findings of our study will help researchers gain insights into current research hotspots and frontiers and shape their research focus in the field of rTSA.
Preaching of the personal impersonal God in the teachings of Swami Vivekananda
Authors: Zhukova Lyubov
Published: April 2024

The article examines the concept of God presented in the teachings of the world famous Indian religious reformer and public figure Swami Vivekananda. The thinker seeks to reconcile the understanding of God in Hinduism and Western religious traditions, and therefore argues that God has both personal and impersonal aspects at the same time. The purpose of the research is to reveal the essence of the idea of a personal impersonal God proposed by Vivekananda, as well as to clarify the possibilities and conditions for the predominance of one aspect of God over another. Modern philosophers distinguish three approaches to the consideration of God as a person: God is a person and so personal, God is non-personal, and so is not a person, God is a personal non-person. The article takes the characteristics of the personal existence of God in Christianity as the basis for understanding God as a person in the views of the Indian thinker. To estimate the presentation of the personal aspect of God by Vivekananda, a combination of approaches is used: declarative, anthropocentric, attributive, substantive-hypostatic and biographical. The declarative approach points to the equivalence of the personal and impersonal aspects of God in Vivekananda's views, the anthropocentric and attributive approaches speak of the predominance of the personal aspect of God. The substantial-hypostatic approach demonstrates the philosopher's attitude to God as a substance, but not a hypostasis, which is characteristic of Indian religious metaphysics. The biographical approach indicates the displacement of the impersonal aspect of God by the personal aspect. The study concludes that Vivekananda's views on the idea of a personal impersonal God must be placed between the ideas of proponents of the impersonal Absolute and theistic personalists who consider God as a person and so personal. The author considers the influence of socio-historical conditions of the formation of Indian society at the turn of the XIX-XX centuries to be the reason for the closeness of the philosopher's views to theistic personalism. The philosopher built his religious and philosophical teaching taking into account the need to educate a free personality for a future independent India. Therefore, God in Vivekananda's views has acquired the characteristics of a personality in its modern understanding.
ПСИХОЛОГІЧНИЙ ФЕНОМЕН ПЕРЕСУДУ ЯК ФОРМА ОСТРАКІЗАЦІЇ
Authors: Назаревич В.В.
Published: April 2024

Статтю присвячено вивченню психологічного феномену пересуду як форми остракізації особистості в навчальному середовищі та розкриттю парадигмальних аспектів витоків остракізму в теоріях розвитку особистості. Особливу увагу приділено аналізу пересуду як форми остракізації, вивченню тенденції ірраціональності виникнення чуток у закладах освіти як прояву остракізму. Висвітлено основні наукові погляди на теорії формування чуток у процесі існування групи та їх вплив на особливості міжособистісних стосунків. Вказано на взаємозалежність між включеністю індивіда в прямий процес пересудотворення (безпосередній, непрямий, опосередкований) та рівнем остракізації або поширення чуток. Розглянуто характерологічні особливості чуток, зважаючи на природу їх виникнення та взаємозалежність із причинами формування остракізаторських тенденцій в освітньому середовищі: свідома недостовірність інформації – спотвореність сприйняття групою остракізованого індивіда; відсутність найменування джерела – можливість уникнення відповідальності тощо. Зроблено висновки про те, що психологічні погляди мають вивчатися і враховуватися для правильного теоретичного й методологічного обґрунтування явища пересуду як форми остракізму та при розробці діагностичного інструментарію для своєчасного виявлення остракізаторських ознак. Подальший розгляд проблеми вбачаємо в більш розгорненому вивченні психологічних особливостей феномену пересуду та його впливу на формування процесів остракізму в освітньому середовищі.
Cómo el Ejercicio del Poder Afecta el Rol Profesional y sus Implicancias Éticas, de un Grupo de Enfermeras/os, en el Ámbito de la Gestión de los Cuidados
Authors: Kappes Claudio , Mella Moraga Rebeca
Published: April 2024

Esta investigación tiene como finalidad indagar cómo el ejercicio del poder en los centros hospitalarios, afecta el rol profesional y sus implicancias éticas en el desempeño laboral de un grupo de Enfermeras/os en el ámbito de los cuidados, con el fin de aportar conocimiento enfermero en relación a este problema. Se establece que el concepto de poder tiene que ver con las acciones de las personas en relación a otras; que el ejercicio de las relaciones laborales de los distintos grupos que interactúan en las acciones de salud están atravesadas por relaciones de poder y que este poder constituye un elemento fundamental en el ejercicio laboral de los distintos grupos y profesiones que se desempeñan en los centros sanitarios en los cuales laboran los profesionales de enfermería. Esta concepción del ejercicio del poder se basa en lo postulado por Michel Focault, Filósofo francés que se destacó por su permanente estudio del ejercicio del poder y sus relaciones. Los supuestos que se quieren confirmar con esta investigación, son: que efectivamente el ejercicio del poder condiciona de manera importante el rol profesional y que éste tiene implicancias éticas en el ejercicio de los cuidados. Esta es una investigación cualitativa con un diseño fenomenológico. Se utiliza una entrevista en profundidad y un grupo focal, que se responde en forma libre, de acuerdo a lo que las enfermeras/os viven en su realidad laboral en función del problema del ejercicio del poder. Las conclusiones de esta investigación confirman los supuestos que se formularon: demuestran que el ejercicio del poder afecta el rol disciplinario y genera claras implicancias éticas en el ejercicio de los cuidados.
Innovación curricular en enfermería: Aprendizaje Integrado
Authors: Vásquez Aqueveque Ana María , Sandoval Jacqueline Ximena
Published: April 2024

La formación de profesionales siempre ha constituido un gran desafío. Sin embargo, hoy esto se agudiza, debido a las nuevas exigencias que surgen del avance de la globalización y de la sociedad del conocimiento; la fuerte expansión de la cobertura de la educación universitaria, que ha favorecido el ingreso de estudiantes con un nuevo perfil. Dicha situación, reclama nuevas aproximaciones didácticas, metodológicas y evaluativas de parte de los académicos a objeto de satisfacer las necesidades de formación del contingente de estudiantes que ingresa, el cual es cada más heterogéneo -producto del aumento de cobertura- y de una educación superior cada vez más masiva (1); este escenario exige a las instituciones generar un conjunto de acciones formativas que provean a los estudiantes oportunidades para el desarrollo de habilidades que les permitan enfrentar tanto la educación superior como las demandas laborales. Esto conlleva a que las instituciones de educación se vean enfrentadas a definir y actualizar los programas de formación profesional en una perfecta sincronía entre el avance disciplinar, las orientaciones ministeriales, las necesidades y demandas de la formación y laborales, impulsándolas a que remiren sus procesos formativos, replanteen los currículos, se interroguen respecto de cómo aprenden los estudiantes, se incorporen nuevas metodologías y recursos de enseñanza, y se materialicen sistemas de evaluación que permitan evidenciar los aprendizajes de los estudiantes. La necesidad de formar profesionales altamente calificados, el desarrollo de la ciencia y la tecnología, hace necesario una formación integrada, situada en itinerarios formativos con altos estándares, que habiliten a los egresados no sólo en el ámbito de la profesión, sino también aseguren el desarrollo ético, valórico, junto a una identidad profesional.
Lexikalische Variation im Fokus: Ein Problemaufriss
Authors: Földes Csaba
Published: April 2024

While in general the theory of variability has meanwhile reached a high level of knowledge and variables and variants are comparatively established entities in Variational Linguistics, there are many ambiguities with regard to lexical variation in particular. Against this background, the present article develops a current synthesising research overview from a systematising perspective and analytically scrutinises lexical variation as a specific linguistic phenomenon from several perspectives. In doing so, both established research traditions and results as well as modern research approaches will be taken into account at the same time and some potentials will be illuminated.
Wie kommunizieren Heimwerker:innen digital? Aspekte der Kommunikation ausgewählter Facebook-Gruppen
Authors: Pišl Milan
Published: April 2024

This article deals with the digital communication of Do-It-Yourselfers who are active in various Facebook groups and contact each other. For the purpose of research were selected Facebook profiles that publish a wide range of posts. Ideas and tips as well as own successful projects and implementations of DIY projects are presented. The aim of the study is to examine the linguistic structures and stylistic elements and to show how Do-It-Yourselfers communicate in the digital environment. It will also be discussed which technical terms appear in Facebook communication related to DIY and in which contexts they are used.
The relationship between personality organisation and demoralisation in a group of alcohol-dependent individuals
Authors: Basińska Małgorzata Anna
Published: April 2024

Introduction and objective: The term “demoralisation”, which was introduced by Jerome Frank, is used to describe a mental state in which a person has lost the fortitude and strength to endure the hardships associated with carrying out life tasks. According to Otto F. Kernberg’s concept, personality organisation is understood as a relatively stable pattern of functioning that determines the maintenance of internal balance and relationships with others. It was assumed that if personality structures become pathologised during development, it may result in the development of mental disorders. All diseases may be accompanied by a state of helplessness, powerlessness, along with a sense of meaninglessness and emptiness in life, which in turn makes recovery difficult. The aim of the study was to assess the relationship between the dimensions of personality organisation and the demoralisation in a group of alcohol-dependent individuals, taking into account the perceived stress. Materials and methods: The study used the Inventory of Personality Organization, the Demoralization Scale II, the Restructured Clinical Demoralization scale from the MMPI-2 and the Distress Thermometer. A total of 91 alcohol-dependent individuals were assessed, including 65 (71%) men and 26 (29%) women. The average age of the participants was 43.6 years (standard deviation, SD = 12.92). Results: Positive correlations were found between personality dimensions and demoralisation and discouragement. Three clusters of people were identified among the respondents, which differed in the intensity of abnormalities in personality organisation and demoralisation. Conclusions: The presented results are part of the discussion on the importance of personality for the development and formation of demoralisation.
Differentiation of the clinical diagnoses of autism spectrum disorder (ASD), attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)
Authors: Odachowska-Rogalska Ewa
Published: April 2024

Introduction and objective: The aim of the presented research was to analyse the differentiation of clinical diagnoses of autism spectrum disorder, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and post-traumatic stress disorder with the use of diagnostic tools. Materials and methods: The study involved 110 carers of 2–10-olds, patients of a psychiatric treatment ward. Medical records were assessed for the diagnosis obtained by the child in the course of treatment, then parents were interviewed. The usefulness of individual methods for differentiating clinical diagnoses of autism, Asperger’s syndrome, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and post-traumatic stress disorder was assessed using ROC (receiver operating characteristic) curves. Results: In many cases, the diagnoses obtained by the children were found to be different from those indicated by the tools. In addition, the tools themselves were in some cases found to be ineffective in diagnosing the disorder for which they were designed. The analyses also showed that crisis experiences can moderate the symptoms observed in children, thus influencing the diagnosis and the clinical picture. Conclusions: The presented analyses confirmed the thesis that the differential diagnosis of children is not an easy task, and that a potentially traumatic factor can affect the clinical picture of a disorder, as well as be its cause. The issues of unreliability of some tools used in the diagnosis and/or their inconsistency with the diagnoses obtained in the course of treatment were also found to be significant.
Science, Environment, Technology And Society (SETS) to Improve Cognitive Science Learning Outcomes for Elementary School Students
Authors: Mangkuwibawa Hilman , Carliyan Yayan , Azhar Sofia Fauziah
Published: April 2024

This research aims to determine the difference in the average increase in students' cognitive learning outcomes in science subjects using the Science, Environment, Technology and Society (SETS) approach and the conventional approach. This research uses a quasi-experimental design with a non-equivalent control group design. The population of this research is all fifth grade students from one of the elementary schools in Bandung Regency for the 2023/2024 academic year. The research population was 22 experimental class students and 24 control class students. Data collection through descriptive tests in the form of pretest and posttest. The test instrument in this research was developed by applying expert judgment. Data analyzed using the t test shows that the t value = 9.003 and the sig value. (2-tailed) = 0.000 < 0.05 then 𝐻0 is rejected. This means that there is a difference in the average increase in cognitive learning outcomes for class V students in science subjects using the SETS approach and the conventional approach. The average N-Gain value of the control class is 0.079 with medium criteria. Meanwhile, the experimental class is 0.530 with medium criteria. So it can be concluded that this research uses cognitive learning outcomes. The Science, Environment, Technology, Society (SETS) approach is an alternative for Natural Sciences (IPA) subjects that makes it easier for students to develop learning outcomes.
Advocacy Strategies of Civil Society Organisations in Decentralised Indonesia: an Exploration Using a Policy Window Framework
Authors: Irawan Irawan
Published: April 2024

This article examines the advocacy strategies employed by civil society organizations (CSOs) within the framework of decentralized governance. Using the policy window framework and the concept of an opportunity stream, the analysis investigates the extent to which decentralized governance influences the strategies adopted by CSOs. The research was conducted in Indonesia, a newly democratized developing country, and focused on two case studies involving local government efforts to improve public services with the goal of poverty alleviation, as part of the country's bureaucratic reform initiatives. This article addresses two key research questions: What strategies did CSOs employ to seize opportunities for advocating policy changes, and how has decentralized governance impacted CSOs? The findings indicate that CSOs utilized a strategy that involved opening political, problem, and policy windows, which included elements of decentralized governance and bureaucratic reform, as well as challenges related to citizens' ability to voice complaints about poor services and resistance from local governments regarding reform efforts. The article contributes to the literature on decentralized governance and policy windows, offering insights into lessons learned and potential areas for future research
Analysis of Research Management by the National Research and Innovation Agency: Politicization of Research or Opportunities for Realizing Evidence-Based Policy?
Authors: Syafruddin Syafruddin , Earlyanti Novi Indah
Published: April 2024

Numerous experts recommend the adoption of evidence-based policy concepts to ensure the high quality of policy decisions and practices. Research plays a crucial role in this context, serving as an instrumental process to inform policy decisions at various levels. In contrast to some countries that have established independent, autonomous, and decentralized research institutions, Indonesia's recent shift towards centralization through the creation of the National Research and Innovation Agency has raised concerns about potential politicization of research. This article seeks to analyze the risk of research politicization and explore prospects for future research management to support the implementation of evidence-based policies. Employing a qualitative approach, this study relies on a thorough literature review, drawing from reputable journals, books, and other credible references. The results indicate that the existence of the National Research and Innovation Agency offers a dual perspective: while it enables government control over research implementation aligned with political agendas, it also opens avenues for utilizing research findings in diverse policy decisions and practices. Emphasizing objectivity is essential as research must remain impartial. Therefore, future research management should prioritize objectivity, and the format of the National Research and Innovation Agency presents an opportunity to promote evidence-based policies and policy practices grounded in unbiased research outcomes.
Exploring Ho Chi Minh City's Coffee Value Chain through the Unique Intersection of Specialty Coffee and Tourism
Authors: Maspul Kurniawan Arif
Published: April 2024

The study dives into the thriving coffee culture of Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, and investigates its significant impact on tourism and economic growth. As the world's largest producer of Robusta coffee, Vietnam, notably Da Lat, has emerged as a global coffee production powerhouse, with an increasing emphasis on specialty coffee. The integration of coffee into tourism activities, as well as initiatives to improve quality and sustainability throughout the coffee value chain, demonstrate Vietnam's innovative approach to coffee industry development. The study illuminates the lessons and insights that Vietnam's coffee sector can provide to the global coffee community by investigating the nexus of coffee culture, tourism, and economic empowerment. Vietnam's coffee sector, which combines tradition and innovation, is a fascinating illustration of how coffee can drive economic progress, promote sustainability, and enrich cultural experiences. Vietnam's success has far-reaching ramifications for other coffee-producing countries, providing significant lessons on how to use coffee tourism, improve sustainability standards, and promote economic empowerment for local populations.
Hog’s Puddings and White Puddings
Authors: Brears Peter
Published: April 2024

This article provides a survey along with historic recipes for regional versions of what go by the name of hog's or white puddings, some of which contain nothing from a pig.
The Bland or the Bountiful? Notes on Australian Dining Between the Wars
Authors: Van Reyk Paul
Published: April 2024

Looks at what people now remember as "plain" cooking in Australia between the wars, surveying popular cookbooks of the time. Those cookbooks would have mostly been used by White Australians even though three ethnic groups -- Germans, Chinese and Italians -- had formed significant immigrant populations in Australia but this time. Of these, it seems only Italian foodways had some influence.
Joel S. Denker: The Carrot Purple and Other Curious Stories of the Food we Eat
Authors: Jaine Tom
Published: April 2024

Joel S. Denker: The Carrot Purple and Other Curious Stories of the Food we Eat: Rowman & Littlefield, 2015: 316 pp., hardback, £24.95.
Apparent-time variation in the use of multiple cues for perception of anticipatory nasal coarticulation in California English
Authors: Zellou Georgia , Cohn Michelle
Published: April 2024

This study examines apparent-time variation in the use of multiple acoustic cues present on coarticulatorily nasalized vowels in California English. Eighty-nine listeners ranging in age from 18-58 (grouped into 3 apparent-time categories based on year of birth) performed lexical identifications on syllables excised from words with oral and nasal codas from six speakers who produced either minimal (n=3) or extensive (n=3) anticipatory nasal coarticulation (realized by greater vowel nasalization, F1 bandwidth, and diphthongization on vowels in CVN contexts). Results showed no differences across listeners’ identification for Extensively coarticulated vowels, as well as oral vowels by both types of speakers (all at-ceiling). Yet, performance for the Minimal Coarticulators’ nasalized vowels was lowest for the older listener group and increased over apparent-time. Perceptual cue-weighting analyses revealed that older listeners rely more on F1 bandwidth, while younger listeners rely more on acoustic nasality, as coarticulatory cues providing information about lexical identity. Thus, there is evidence for variation in apparent- time in the use of the different coarticulatory cues present on vowels. Younger listeners’ cue weighting allows them flexibility to identify lexical items given a range of coarticulatory variation across (here, younger) speakers, while older listeners’ cue weighting leads to reduced performance for talkers producing innovative phonetic forms. This study contributes to our understanding of the relationship between multidimensional acoustic features resulting from coarticulation and the perceptual re-weighting of cues that can lead to sound change over time.
Correlation of Feminization in the Professional Sphere and Feminization in French Language
Authors: Baklashkina Olesya , Suslova Anastasia , Sergeeva Anna
Published: April 2024

All changes occurring in society are reflected in the language. Thus, the feminization process in certain professional spheres of French society is characterized by the feminitives’ creation of job titles, titles and ranks in professions that were historically considered masculine. The purpose of this article is to identify the relationship between the process of eliminating gender inequality in the professional sphere and the process of feminizing the names of professions in French language. The article explains why the names of some professions are easily feminized, while the names of others remain resistant to this process. Feminitives from the spheres of politics, administration, diplomacy and military affairs, and presented forms of appeals to women holding positions in these areas are also analyzed. The authors come to the conclusion that the process of feminization in language is inevitable, since it directly depends on the growing role of women in society and in the professional environment. Along with the language, in turn, also influences the acceptance of a woman in a professional environment, since it has all the necessary means for forming feminine gender-specific job title.
Artificial Intelligence in the French Law of 2024
Authors: Duflot Alain
Published: April 2024

The use of artificial intelligence in France is growing and intensifying in many areas, particularly in the field of justice. French President Macron has made it one of his government’s priorities to build on these assets and make France a world leader in AI. In parallel, the French government has deployed some efforts towards anticipating the regulatory challenges related to AI, the “National Strategy for Artificial Intelligence” launched as part of «France 2030» . As an illustration of the developments in artificial intelligence and its specific regulation, the French parliament passed a law to ensure the proper conduct of the 2024 Olympic and Paralympic Games (Law N° 2023-380 of 19.05.2023). The law permits the use of the experimental “augmented video-protection” technology, which uses cameras equipped with AI systems to detect and report specific events in real time. French regulations begin already now in the area of justice and must continue in the fields of AI liability and intellectual property. AI is a source of fears, particularly for the respect of human rights, and requires a very elaborate legal and ethical environment that is flexible enough to avoid slowing down the development of AI. The AI Liability EU Directive complements the Artificial Intelligence Act by introducing a new liability regime that ensures legal certainty, enhances consumer trust in AI, and assists consumers’ liability claims for damage caused by AI-enabled products and services. But the new European AI Act does not resolve all issues that therefore need to be addressed nationally.
Validated method for estimation of ethamsylate by UV-spectroscopy
Authors: Sanjay Kumar Karan , Subhasmita Subhadarshinee
Published: April 2024

For the estimation of ethamsylate in pharmaceutical tablet dosage forms an accurate, simple, efficient spectrophotometric method was developed and validated. It showed absorption maxima at 300 nm with distilled water. According to ICH guidelines, the method was validated concerning specificity, linearity, accuracy, and precision. Ethamsylate’s linearity and range were found to be 5 to 50 μg/ml, with a correlation coefficient of 0.999. The analysis's findings were verified statistically and estimation of ethamsylate was done in marketed formulation.
Dimensiones contemporáneas del ubi sunt?: la poesía de Álvarez Ortega
Authors: López Martínez María Isabel
Published: April 2024

El ubi sunt? es un tópico de longue durée que continúa vigente en la poesía española contemporánea, en especial en la de postguerra. En la lírica de Manuel Álvarez Ortega refuerza los tonos elegíacos: el fin de la pasión amorosa, la decadencia del vigor corporal, la muerte de los seres queridos, la ruina del hogar. En sus libros de crítica social, el ubi sunt? indica que incluso las injusticias cesan. El poeta abre una vía de superación del pesimismo al valorar la memoria y la poesía escrita que la fija, evitando la pérdida definitiva del valor y las vivencias.
descripción densa en relación a la eficacia simbólica en la Semana Santa gaditana
Authors: Caballero Durán Mario
Published: April 2024

Este texto reflexiona sobre el uso de la descripción densa de Clifford Geertz para la interpretación de la eficacia simbólica en la Semana Santa gaditana en lo relativo a los cargadores de las procesiones. El artículo está dividido en cuatro partes: contexto general de la Semana Santa; contexto histórico; análisis teórico acerca de la descripción densa y la eficacia simbólica en la Semana Santa y la aplicación de la descripción densa durante mi trabajo de campo en Cádiz.
Social Relations Among Diverse Rural Residents in the Scottish Highlands
Authors: Pietka-Nykaza Emilia
Published: April 2024

This article focuses on the development and the limitations of convivial, instrumental, and intimate family relations among diverse rural residents in the Inner Moray Firth area of the Scottish Highlands. Drawing on 22 semi‐structured interviews with international migrants (EU nationals), internal migrants (UK nationals), and participants who were born there and never left, this article identifies and critically discusses how different types of social relations develop, or not, within and between these groups of rural residents. This article indicates that while all participants experienced convivial relations, these encounters did not always transfer into close, meaningful relations. The instrumental and meaningful relations, however, were more ambivalent in practice and related to internal divisions within rural communities defined along the lines of who is perceived to be “local” or “not local.” The instrumental ties were developed among participants with common interests, similar life stages, and experiences and varied in terms of ethnic and national composition. Similarly, while family ties were crucial for a sense of belonging, their ethnic and national composition differed. By illustrating the complex composition of convivial, instrumental, and family ties in rural Highlands, this article highlights that meaningful social relations supporting social integration should not be understood via social encounters with “local” residents only, but also intimate and instrumental social relations within and between migrant populations.
The Bosnian House: Trajectories of (Non‐)Return Among Bosnian Roma in a Roman Shanty
Authors: Solimene Marco
Published: April 2024

This article draws on materials collected during ethnographic fieldwork among Bosnian Roma refugees who reconstructed homes in an urban shanty at the periphery of Rome (Italy). In the last two decades, many of these Roma started building or refurbishing houses in villages in the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina, close to the Serbian Republic (where their former home village is now situated). The construction, refurbishing, and maintenance of these houses played (and still play) a role in the local economy; they also changed the local landscape and became the mark of a new but intermittent presence in post‐Dayton Bosnia. The houses and the transnational practices connected to them have become tokens of economic success and aspirations that revolve around both the Bosnian context and the Roman one. They also express nostalgic attachments to a lost homeland radically transformed by war, foreign interventions, and the advent of the market economy and eventually turned into an unfamiliar place. This article builds on the literature on transnational migration and material culture and explores the ambivalence and complexity of transnational trajectories that stretch between an urban context in the EU and a rural one in non‐EU and reveals complex scenarios of identity, movements, and unlikely returns.
“Problem Situations”: Testing as a Forensic Psychiatric Research Method when Changing Civil Legal Status
Authors: Rusakovskaya O.A.
Published: April 2024

As part of solving the task of developing methods to improve the quality and evidence of forensic psychiatric decisions, in a comparative non-randomized study the “Problem Situations” methodology was tested as a method of forensic psychiatric assessment in civil cases on applications for change civil legal status. The sample consisted of 67 subjects who underwent inpatient forensic psychiatric examination in connection with the decision on the issue of changing their civil status in 2021—2022. A conclusion corresponding to legal capacity was given in relation to 12 people; diminished legal capacity - 24 people; incapacity — 31 people. Pairwise group comparisons using Pearson’s goodness-of-fit test (Chi-square) and biclustering procedures confirmed the predictive validity of the method.
Scientific-Biographical Method in Psychological and Legal Research: from Retrospective and Multivariate Analysis to Methodological Tools for Quality Assessment
Authors: Afanasieva I.V. , Afanasyev I.V. , Pavlenko A.A.
Published: April 2024

The purpose of the article is to determine the scientific and applied potential of the biographical method, and its capabilities in solving a number of methodological and applied problems in the field of psychology and law. Scientific argumentation is based on the use of the key elements of substantive, retrospective, multifactorial, axiological and comparative analysis. An analysis of the phases of personal and social development is presented, each of which determines the composition and nature of the impact on the individual or social relations, depending on the specifics of their basic features in socially sensitive areas. The methodological indicators are identified that are correlates of the scientific and theoretical significance of modern research. The biographical method acts as an independent genre of studying the works of sciences that are significant for these sciences, and as a method of displaying the characteristics of the human factor and social relations. The method is aimed at solving an important methodological problem about the importance of the personality and social relations in the development of science. The applied significance of the method lies in the fact that it acts as an indicator of the quality and as the methodological tools of scientific research in the field of psychology and law.
The Jargon of «AUE» Criminal Organization (from the Practice of Forensic Linguistic Examinations)
Authors: Ryadchikova H. N. , Kadilina O. A.
Published: April 2024

The criminal plans disclosure and the illegal activities suppression, the implementation of forensic linguistic examinations is complicated by the presence of a special secret language in the criminal world. In this regard, it is necessary to study and systematize such jargon, create vocabularies. The extremist organization «Prisoner Criminal Unity» (AUE), the study of the jargon of which is undertaken in this article is especially dangerous and the most closed. The article is devoted to the consideration of some features of the language characteristic for AUE representatives concerning naming, abbreviation, word formation, obligatory cliched expressions at meetings and in the epistolary genre. It is established that the speech of the AUE representatives reflects their mental values, among which they themselves call the thieves’ brotherhood, the thieves’ family and strict adherence to its principles. The language of this extremist organization is difficult to learn largely due to the fact that it lacks a common governing body, a leader, and each place of detention has its own leader, its own language rules and features. These linguistic units are either not recorded in the criminal jargon dictionaries, or have territorial specifics. A short dictionary of basic language units used by representatives of AUE in places of detention of the Southern Federal District of the Russian Federation is proposed.
Technologies for Teaching Law Students a Professionally Oriented Foreign Language
Authors: Mishurova O. I.
Published: April 2024

The article considers the influence of traditional and innovative technologies on the process of learning a foreign language by law students, investigates their educational potential, identifies advantages and disadvantages. The author presents the prospects of integration of “Foreign Language in Law” and artistic means (literature, music, cinema) as a means of vocabulary expansion, introduction to the socio-cultural reality of the country of the studied language, development of students’ creative potential, removal of psychological barriers to communication in a foreign language. Examples of working out professional lexical units and grammatical structures with the help of song compositions are given. The positive influence of cinema on moral and ethical development of youth is also noted.
Theoretical and Practical Aspects of Preparing Future Teachers to Ensure that Junior Schoolchildren Achieve Personal Learning Outcomes
Authors: Юдина Е.И.
Published: April 2024

Рассмотрена сущность модернизации отечественного образования, обоснованы актуальные проблемы современного вузовского образования. Охарактеризованы универсальные учебные действия младших школьников, определены ценность и специфика достижения ими личностных результатов обучения в начальной школе. Раскрыта организация трехкомпонентной системы подготовки будущих учителей к решению соответствующих задач в аудиторной, внеаудиторной работе и педагогической практике.

The essence of the modernization of domestic education is considered, and the current problems of modern higher education are substantiated. The universal educational activities of junior schoolchildren are characterized, the value and specificity of their achievement of personal learning outcomes in primary school are determined. The organization of a three-component system for preparing future teachers to solve relevant problems in classroom, extracurricular work and teaching practice is revealed.
Use of Information Technologies to Improve Productive Skills of the Japanese Language Students
Authors: Марфина В.Е.
Published: April 2024

Представлены алгоритм и рекомендации по внедрению в учебный процесс информационных технологий для развития продуктивных навыков обучающихся японскому языку. Проанализированы отзывы обучающихся об эффективности и степени удобства применения данных информационных технологий. Представлены рекомендации для организации успешной работы студентов с данными технологиями для развития продуктивных навыков.

An algorithm and recommendations for the introduction of information technologies into the educational process for the development of productive skills of Japanese language learners are presented. Reviews of students about the effectiveness and degree of ease of use of these information technologies are analyzed. Recommendations for the organization of successful work of students with these technologies for the development of productive skills are presented.