bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Electrochemical Study and Determination of Homovanillic Acid, the Final Metabolite of Dopamine, Using an Unmodified Disposable Electrode
Authors: Buleandră Mihaela , Voica Lavinia Georgiana , Popa Dana Elena , Badea Irinel Adriana , Iorgulescu Emilia Elena , Cheregi Mihaela Carmen
Published: January 2025

This paper summarizes the main findings of a study which aimed to examine the electrochemical oxidation of homovanillic acid (HVA), the final metabolite of dopamine. A pencil graphite electrode (PGE) was used as working electrode and the measurements were performed by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and differential pulse voltammetry (DPV). The type and the composition of the graphite leads used as PGE, the pH of the supporting electrolyte, as well as the scan rates were optimized by CV. The analyte was irreversibly oxidized in Britton–Robinson buffer (BRB) solutions. The interpretation of the voltammetric signals and the correlation of the acquired information were the key to addressing the electrode process undergone by HVA at the PGE. The outcomes of the pH and scan rate studies led to the conclusion that two electrons and two protons were involved in the diffusion-controlled process. Using the PGE, a linear relationship between peak current and HVA concentration was obtained between 1.0 × 10−6 M and 5.0 × 10−5 M by DPV in BRB with pH 2.0. The detection limit of 3.84 × 10−7 M was calculated. The accuracy, the precision, and the selectivity of the quantitative method have successfully undergone evaluation. The practical application of the developed voltammetric method was checked by determining the HVA concentration in spiked plasma samples, yielding good recovery values.
Preparation, Thermal Properties and Decomposition Course of Highly Resistant Potato Starch Graft Poly(Cinnamyl Methacrylate) Materials
Authors: Worzakowska Marta
Published: January 2025

The properties of starch graft poly(cinnamyl methacrylate) copolymers were presented. The “grafting from” method and different ratios of starch to methacrylic monomer were used. The copolymers with the maximum grafting percent (G: 55.3% ± 0.4) using a ratio of starch to methacrylic monomer of 1:3 were obtained. The heterogeneous, non-porous structure materials were prepared. They were characterized by significant lower swelling in polar solvents and moisture absorption but higher swelling in non-polar solvents compared to unmodified potato starch. The chemical resistance in acidic, alkaline and neutral environments for all the tested copolymers was significantly higher compared to the chemical resistance of potato starch. The tested copolymers decomposed in at least three main stages in inert conditions and in at least four main stages in oxidative conditions. Their pyrolysis with the emission of the mixture of volatiles such as aldehyde, acid, ester, alcohol, aromatic, alkene, alkane, H2O, CO2 and CO based on the TG/FTIR studies was proved. The oxidative decomposition included pyrolysis processes combined with oxidation and combustion reactions of volatiles and the formed residues. As a result, the emission of the unsaturated and saturated compounds with carbonyl, hydroxyl, carboxyl and/or ester groups, alkane, alkene, aromatics and its oxidized forms, H2O, CO2 and CO, was observed.
A Global Analysis of Patent Invention Strategies in Automotive Technologies for Environmental Sustainability
Authors: Zhang Zheng , Fujii Hidemichi
Published: January 2025

The imperative for sustainable development demands innovative solutions to address the environmental impact of transportation, particularly in the context of climate change. This study explores the intersection of renewable energy and sustainability within the automotive industry by examining how restrictions on the sale of gasoline-powered vehicles affect patent filings related to automotive engine technologies. Our approach employs a factorial analysis to capture structural shifts in patent filings, utilizing the logarithmic mean Divisia index for index decomposition. We scrutinize patent trends from 1985 to 2019, with a focus on both non-green (internal combustion engine vehicles) and green technologies (battery electric, hybrid electric, and full cell vehicles), to assess the transition towards sustainable transportation. This study also scrutinizes the patenting activities of four major patent offices—China, Japan, the United States, and Germany—to unveil global trends and disparities in sustainable technology innovation. Our findings underscore how a nation’s green investment strategy is contingent upon its developmental stage, with intellectual property rights and R&D incentives playing pivotal roles in shaping R&D landscapes, especially in emerging economies with nascent intellectual property markets. This study also reveals varying strategies for developing green automotive engines across nations, indicating that the growth of green patents in developed countries is probably spurred by financial incentives and enhanced intellectual property rights to promote specific tech advancements. This research contributes to the discourse on sustainability by highlighting the critical role of policy in fostering green technology development and the importance of aligning patent strategies with environmental goals.
Sudden Cardiac Arrest Associated with Hemodialysis
Authors: Tri Tai Truyen Thien Tan , Uy-Evanado Audrey , Holmstrom Lauri , Reinier Kyndaron , Chugh Harpriya , Jui Jonathan , Herzog Charles A. , Chugh Sumeet S.
Published: January 2025

Background:

Individuals with end-stage renal disease may be at increased risk of sudden cardiac arrest (SCA) associated with dialysis therapy. However, community-based studies with comprehensive adjudication of SCA are lacking.

Methods:

We conducted a community-based study using a case-case study design in a US population of ≈1 million. All SCA cases with chronic kidney disease (CKD) were ascertained prospectively (2002-2020). We reviewed EMS narratives and archived medical records from regional hospitals to capture patients dialysis history, schedules, and the timing of SCA events in relation to dialysis sessions. Among those on regular hemodialysis, individuals who suffered SCA during hemodialysis or within an hour after completing hemodialysis (Intradialytic/immediate post-HD [IIHD]) were compared to cases with SCA at other times (non-IIHD). Non-compliant individuals or those intolerant of dialysis were excluded.

Results:

Out of 1,023 SCA cases with CKD, 195 (19.1%) were undergoing regular scheduled hemodialysis. Among these cases, 24.1% were IIHD SCA, while 75.9% occurred non-IIHD. The incidence of SCA during dialysis was 2.9 times higher than expected by chance. SCA events were more likely to occur on dialysis days (65.3% of events) vs. 34.7% events on the 4 off dialysis days (p<0.001). IIHD SCA had higher serum sodium (138.9±4.8 vs. 135.5±5.5 mmol/L, p=0.005), lower serum potassium (3.6±0.7 vs. 5.6±1.6 mmol/L, p<0.001), and higher bicarbonate levels (25.9±6.6 vs. 20.2±5.5 mmol/L, p<0.001) compared to their non-IIHD SCA counterparts. Regarding resuscitation details, IIHD SCA had a higher percentage of shockable rhythm (46.5 vs. 32.4%, p=0.09), witnessed collapse (85.1 vs. 53.4%, p<0.001), bystander CPR (72.3 vs. 37.9%, p<0.001), return of spontaneous circulation (66.0 vs. 42.5%, p=0.005), and survival to hospital discharge (30.4 vs. 5.4%, p<0.001) compared to non-IIHD SCA.

Conclusions:

In patients undergoing dialysis, SCA events were significantly more common on dialysis days, and 3-fold higher than expected by chance. We identified potential risk factors and survival outcome differences between IIHD vs. non-IIHD SCA groups that warrant future investigation.
PENGARUH ETHICAL LEADERSHIP DAN KEPUASAN KERJA TERHADAP KINERJA: IDENTIFIKASI ORGANISASI SEBAGAI MEDIASI
Authors: Gabril Saifudin  , Fauzan Almanshur
Published: January 2025

This study aims to strengthen the theory of several researchers and determine the effect of ethical leadership and job satisfaction on employee performance with organizational identification as a mediating variable. This research was conducted at PT Turen Indah Group, namely permanent employees of Ocean Garden PT Turen Indah Group. This study uses a quantitative approach, research data collected from 72 respondents. The sampling technique in this study used proportional random samopling. Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) was used to test the hypothesis in this study using IBM SPSS Statistics Version 26. The results of this study indicate that 1) Ethical leadership has no effect on employee performance, 2) Job satisfaction has a significant effect on employee performance, 3) organizational identification can mediate the effect of ethical leadership on employee performance, and 4) organizational identification can mediate the effect of job satisfaction on employee performance.
Development of Adaptation of Machine Learning and Artificial Intelligence Into Facebook Algorithm
Authors: Piatrov Igor
Published: January 2025

This paper provides an overview of the evolution of the Facebook algorithm, one of the largest global social platforms, focusing on its major milestones and their impact on the functioning of this platform. The algorithm not only plays a key role in personalizing content and optimizing user interactions, but also fundamentally influences the approach of entities that use this platform for communication as part of their marketing strategy. The paper analyses the evolution from simple chronological display of posts, through the EdgeRank algorithm, which introduced personalization based on affinity, format weight and time decay, to modern algorithms based on machine learning and artificial intelligence. Significant changes such as the integration of meaningful interactions or the introduction of AI for content moderation underline Facebook’s efforts to improve the quality of the user experience and limit the spread of misinformation. The paper highlights that understanding the principles of how the algorithm works is essential for commercial entities that want to effectively use this platform to optimize their communication and marketing strategy, and its results are a boon for any entity communicating in this environment.
Продуктивность сосновых молодняков искусственного происхождения в таежной зоне
Authors: Коновалова И.С. , Коновалов Д.Ю. , Клевцов Д.Н.
Published: January 2025

Цель исследования заключалась в оценке роста и продуктивности сосняков искусственного происхождения в условиях дренированных и временно переувлажненных почв с учетом почвенной обработки и методов создания древостоя. Объектами служили лесные культуры сосны обыкновенной (Pinus sylvestris L.), созданные в 2000–2001 гг. посевом и посадкой традиционных саженцев, сеянцев, а также посадочного материала с закрытыми корнями в Каргопольском лесничестве Двинско-Вычегодского таежного лесного района. Установлены лесоводственно-таксационные параметры искусственных насаждений с использованием общепринятых в лесоводстве методик исследования древостоя. Выявлены особенности адаптационной устойчивости, роста и продуктивности культур на начальных этапах произрастания в зависимости от условий культивирования и гидрологического режима почв. Отмечено, что средние значения таксационных показателей, характеризующие рост и продуктивность насаждений, находятся в тесной взаимосвязи с типом лесорастительных условий. Определены высокие показатели роста культур сосны, созданных посадочным материалом с закрытой корневой системой, в условиях дренированных и временно переувлажненных почв. В результате исследований пришли к выводу, что к началу третьего десятилетия роста культур при должной обработке почвы и выборе оптимального посадочного материала сформировались высокопродуктивные искусственные сосняки, не ступающие по своим характеристикам естественным древостоям.

The purpose of the study was to evaluate the growth and productivity of pine forest crops of artificial origin under the drained and temporarily waterlogged soils, with soil treatments and stand planting methods. The objects of the study were forest crops of Pinus sylvestris L., set up in 2000-2001 by sowing and planting traditional seedlings, saplings, as well as with planting material with closed roots in the Kargopol forestry of the Dvinsk-Vychegodsky taiga forest region. The forestry and taxation parameters of forest crops were defined with the methods of stand research generally accepted in forestry. Peculiarities of adaptability, growth and productivity of crops at the first stages of growth depending on the conditions of cultivation and the hydrological regime of soils were found out. It was pointed that the average values of taxation indicators characterizing the growth and productivity of plantations were closely connected to the type of forest conditions. High growth rates of pine crops got by planting material with a closed root system were determined under drained and temporarily waterlogged soils. As a result of the research, it was concluded that by the beginning of the third decade of crop growth, with proper tillage and the optimal planting material choice, highly productive pine crops were formed, that were not inferior in their characteristics to the natural stands.
Влияние добавок из целебных трав китайской медицины на характеристики роста поросят-отъемышей раннего периода
Authors: Чжан И.
Published: January 2025

Цель исследования – изучить влияние многокомпонентной добавки из целебных трав китайской медицины на поросят-отъемышей. Данный эксперимент использует однофакторный полностью рандомизированный план. Для эксперимента было отобрано 126 голов поросят, полученных от скрещивания 2 пород – породы Чанбай-Корейского автономного уезда и породы йоркшир. Поросят отняли на 28-й день жизни, их вес составлял 7,27±0,18 кг, в случайном порядке их разделили на 7 групп, каждая группа была поделена на 3 подгруппы, в каждой подгруппе было по 6 голов. Многокомпонентный препарат из целебных трав китайской медицины в дневном рационе был представлен в двух видах – отваре и порошке. Первая группа является контрольной группой, 2, 3 и 4 группы – это группы, где в качестве добавки использовался отвар, дозы которого были 0,05; 0,10; 0,15%, а 5, 6 и 7 группы – это группы, где в качестве добавки использовали порошок, дозы которого составили 0,05; 0,10; 0,15%. Период эксперимента составил 21 день, после того как поросят отняли от матерей, на 7, 14 и 21 день проводилась проверка их продуктивности. Результаты показали, что многокомпонентный препарат из целебных трав китайской медицины смог значительно повысить ежедневный прирост и объем потребления пищи поросят-отъемышей (P<0,05), а также, что разница влияния данного препарата на затраты корма на единицу прироста поросят-отъемышей значительна (P<0,05).

The purpose of the research is to study the effect of a multicomponent supplement from medicinal herbs of Chinese medicine on weaning piglets. The experiment used a one-factor completely randomized plan. For the experiment, 126 piglets were selected, obtained from crossing of 2 breeds – the Changbai breed of the Korean Autonomous County and the Yorkshire breed. The piglets were weaned on the 28th day of life, their weight was 7.27± 0.18 kg, the piglets were randomly divided into 7 groups, each group was divided into 3 subgroups, each subgroup had 6 heads. The multicomponent additive from medicinal herbs of Chinese medicine in the daily diet was presented in two types: a decoction and a powder. The first group was a control group, groups 2, 3 and 4 were the groups where a decoction was used as an additive, with the doses of 0.05%, 0.10%, 0.15%, and groups 5, 6 and 7 were the groups where a powder was used as an additive, the doses of which were 0.05%, 0.10%, 0.15%. The experimental period was 21 days, after the piglets were weaned from their mothers, their productivity was checked on 7th, 14th and 21st days. The results showed that a multicomponent preparation from medicinal herbs of Chinese medicine was able to increase significantly the daily weight gain and food intake of weaning piglets (P<0,05), also they indicated that the difference of the effect of this additive on the food costs per unit weight gain of weaned piglets is significant (P<0,05).
Determination of temperature difference across the thermoelements in an integrated micro thermoelectric device
Authors: Arayama Ryuichiro , Miura Takuya , Mahfuz Md Mehdee Hasan , Matsuki Takeo , Watanabe Takanobu
Published: January 2025

Silicon nanowires (Si-NWs) have attracted significant attention for use in micro-thermoelectric generators (μ-TEGs) due to their lower thermal conductivity. In integrated TEGs, temperatures at the top and bottom surfaces of the device are measurable, however, the temperature at both ends of the Si-NW, which is responsible for power generation, remains unknown. In this study, the Seebeck coefficient of the Si-NW was precisely measured using a parameter measurement device where only a Si-NW is suspended over a cavity in the silicon substrate to identify the temperature difference (ΔT) across the Si-NW in an actual integrated TEG. It was found that the temperature difference at the ends of the Si-NW of the integrated TEG is only 6.8–8.5% of the total applied ΔT of the device, which suggests the potential for improving power generation efficiency through increasing ΔT across the Si-NWs by optimizing the device structure.
Plasmonically-enhanced reconfigurable photodetector based on graphene/Sb2S3 heterojunction
Authors: Lian Xiaojuan , Li Shiyu , Jiang Jiyuan , Huang Wen , He Nan , Liu Xiaoyan , Wu Jie , Wang Zhou , Zhu Gangyi , Wang Lei
Published: January 2025

Graphene photodetectors face challenges like weak absorption and narrow spectral range. To overcome these weakness, we proposed a novel photodetector based on a Gold (Au)/Graphene/Chalcogenide (Sb2S3) hetero-junction, leveraging surface plasmonic and phase-transition effects. Simulations show that optimizing Au and Sb2S3 nanoantenna thicknesses and diameters can achieve an absorption efficiency of 0.9 for both amorphous and crystalline states, with an adjustable wavelength range of 200 nm. The device demonstrates superior performance, including a responsivity of 125 A W−1, quantum efficiency of 1.36 × 104%, and detectivity of 2.25 × 109 Jones, offering a pathway to next-generation optoelectronic chips.
Estimated the Radiation pollution in groundwater using gamma-ray spectroscopy west of Basra, Iraq
Authors: Al-farhad Karar , Mnade Ramadhan Riyadh
Published: January 2025

Groundwater is one of the most important water resources used for drinking water and irrigation of crops in the study area, so it is necessary to ensure the safety of groundwater from radionuclides and identify risks to human health. To achieve the objective of the study in determining the level of radioactivity of U-238, Th-232, and K-40 in groundwater using gamma-ray spectroscopy, radioactivity level analysis was carried out on 10 samples of groundwater in the Safwan region. The results obtained showed that the concentrations of radionuclides for U-238, Th-232, and K-40 ranged from 0.152–1.855 Bq/L, 0.0814–2.016 Bq/L, and 4.822–32.439 Bq/L, respectively. It is within the limits allowed by UNSCEAR. Except for one sample, the reason is due to the geological nature of the Earth. In addition to that, radiation hazard indicators were calculated, including the activity of radium (Ra), which ranges from 1.25–5.381 Bq/L, which is less than the recommended 370 Bq/L by UNSCAR. The average dose absorbed from the air (d) ranges from 0.638–2.545 nGy/h and is within the permissible limits. The external hazard index (Hex) (0.0033–0.0145), the internal hazard index (Hin) (0.0043–0.0184), and the gamma (I) index (0.0099–0.0413) results show that the radiation hazard indicators are lower than the ones recommended by UNSCEAR. Based on this study's results on the radioactivity level, groundwater is safe to use.
Microbiota in the oral cavity,Review
Authors: Al-Oebady Mouna Akeel Hamed , Mohammed mousa Nuha
Published: January 2025

Microbiota are present everywhere in human existence and have an impact on every facet of it. Many species can be found within the human mouth. The human oral cavity is home to a variety of habitats. The combination and cooperation of the modified oral microbes protect the human body from the intrusion of external stimuli. On the other hand, systemic and oral illnesses are linked to an imbalance in the microbial flora. The human microbial community is significantly influenced by oral microbiomes. The use of recently noticed molecular tools has significantly improved our understanding of the makeup and roles of the oral microbiome in both wellness and sickness. Research on oral microbiomes and their relationships to microbiomes in different body locations and health conditions is essential to understanding our bodies and understanding how to improve human health.
The purpose of this review is to go over the most recent information that explains the possible mechanisms underlying the relationships between oral and overall systemic health. The theory is that the influence of oral diseases on overall health may be partially explained by the oral microbiota. We will discuss the basic principles, the primary techniques in microbiology for describing oral organisms, and the most important information pointing to a biologically tenable connection between systemic illnesses and the oral microbiota.
Embryonic histological changes in rats exposed to different doses of cyclophosphoamide
Authors: M Khalfa Hydar , L Al-msaid Haider , Muhsin Hawara
Published: January 2025

Cyclophosphamide is a common anticancer drug that belongs to the nitrogen mustard group of alkylating agents, their acts by adding an alkyl group to DNA. Due to this cytotoxic property it is used extensively in a variety of carcinomas singly or in combination with other drugs to treat a variety of cancers. Therefore, the present study was conducted to compare and correlate histomorphological alterations in different anatomical sites of embryonic wistar albino rats induced by a gradual increase in cyclophosphoamide dose administered intraperitoneally through maternal delivery. Laboratory wistar albino rats were injected with different bolus doses of cyclophosphoamide intraperitoneally and rat pups were dissected after delivery . Liver and skin tissues were examined histologically and compared to control animals. Results: histological examination of all tissues in both groups shows gradual cytotoxic effect of cyclophosphoamide reaching extreme histological damage with increased bolus dose. Tissue damage included hemorrhaging and lymphocytic collection.  There is a significant epidermal thickness between the control group and the groups treated with different cyclophosphoamide concentrations
Impact of Water Quality on Density of Birds in Bahr Najaf Depression, Iraq.
Authors: Alzurfi Sadiqk. , Abd Aljalil Ameen
Published: January 2025

The study aimed to evaluate the impact of water quality standards on bird density in the Bahr al-Najaf depression for the period from October 2023 to April 2024 over a period of seven months. Three sites were chosen for the study: Some physical and chemical factors in the water were measured, such as (water temperature, air temperature, electrical conductivity, total dissolved solids, salinity, pH, dissolved oxygen, biological oxygen demand, , total hardness, calcium, magnesium hardness, and chloride,).The density of birds and number of species were determined in the study area. The air temperature ranged between (20.6 - 31)°C, the water temperature ranged  (20 - 28)°C, the electrical conductivity ranged between (19.8 - 168.25) ms/cm, and the total dissolved solids ranged from (11,200 - 83,750) mg. /l, salinity between (13.85 - 117.777) ppt, pH between (7.9 - 8.2), dissolved oxygen between (0.73 - 5.6) mg/l, and biological oxygen demand between (0). 73 - 3 5 .5) mg/L,  total hardness between (2200 - 21066.66) mg/L, and calcium hardness between (961.9 - 4382.08) mg. /L, magnesium between (216.4 - 4625.7) mg/L, chloride between (1799 - 17061) mg/L     A total of 29 families with 82 species were discovered. Bird species diversity was greatest in the family Scolopacidae. (14 species), followed by Laridae (10 species), followed by Charadriidae, Columbidae, and Ardeidae each (five species), Motacillidae and Anatidae (4 species), and Corvidae, and Passeridae (three species) each. The three locations had different species diversity and abundance. The density of birds in the third site had a higher species abundance and diversity compared to other sites at all months except.TDS, salinity, and electrical conductivity showed a significant positive correlation with bird density, whereas a significant negative correlation was found between Mg ions and bird density. While showed a significant positive correlation with number species and pH, whereas a significant negative correlation was found between number species and chloride
PELATIHAN DIGITALISASI PEMASARAN DAN PENCATATAN KEUANGAN SEDERHANA PADA UMKM
Authors: Silvia Dewi , Salma Nur , Khoirina Siti , Ekatama Surya M. Renandi , Reny WA Armalia , Merinda WA Shinta , Warisi Darwin
Published: January 2025

Tujuan dari kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini yaitu untuk memberikanpengetahuan kepada pelaku UMKM dalam mengatasi masalah terkait digital marketing dan pencatatan laporan keuangan. Kegiatan ini dilaksakan dengan metode survey, sosialisasi, pelatihan, pendampingan dan evaluasi. Hasil yang didapat peserta dari kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini antara lain dapat membantu tercapainya kesadaran bagi pelaku usaha wajan amih akan pentingnya pencatatan laporan keuangan sederhana melalui aplikasi akuntansiku dan pemasaran produk melalui branding sosial media Instagram, Tik tok, dan pembuatan konten produk agar menarik daya beli masyarakat. Hasil pengabdian ini dapat terwujud karena peran serta dan partisipasi aktif dari tim dan peserta. Dan diharapkan pemilik usaha wajan amih dapat senantiasa konsisten dalam melakukan pencatatan keuangan dan melakukan pemasaran digital secara aktif.
COMBINED CONTOUR DETECTION AND POINT CLOUD OF RGB-DEPTH IMAGE FOR FOOD VOLUME ESTIMATION
Authors: Yuita Arum Sari
Published: January 2025

Assessing nutritional consumption entails a procedure that enables nutritionists and dietitians to track the eating habits of patients within healthcare settingsTraditionally, this measurement relies on manual observations by specialists utilizing visual analysis. However, this approach is prone to subjectivity due to the risk of expert fatigue, which can result in inaccuracies. Furthermore, the evaluations may differ among experts based on varying viewpoints. In a decision support system, a more objective analysis is necessary. Previous research has utilized the area captured in a food image to estimate the weight of food on a plate. Nonetheless, this technique still results in numerous prediction errors. To tackle this issue, we propose a novel method to calculate the volume of food from a camera image, which aims to provide a more accurate weight prediction. In this paper, we introduce a new approach that combines contour detection with a point cloud derived from RGB depth images to capture height information. The Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) for height prediction is 1.04 and 1.55 when viewed from the first and second sides, respectively, while the volume prediction reaches an RMSE of 45.08. This suggests that the differences between the predicted and actual values for volume and height are suitable for practical applications.
Incidental covert cerebral small vessel disease: Detection and management
Authors: González-Quevedo Alina , Arrieta Hernández Tania , Peña Sánchez Marisol , Hernández Díaz Zenaida , Arteche-Prior Marianela , Sánchez López Javier
Published: January 2025

Cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) is one of the most common vascular diseases of the brain, primarily diagnosed using magnetic resonance imaging biomarkers. Advanced brain imaging techniques have enabled the detection of asymptomatic or covert CSVD in individuals without neurological symptoms. CSVD is highly prevalent among the elderly and healthy community-dwelling adults with vascular risk factors. It increases the risk of stroke, cognitive decline, and vascular dementia, and exacerbates the severity of Alzheimer’s disease. Covert CSVD is generally considered incidental, leading to a lack of intervention, especially among non-neurological physicians. The relevance of CSVD in asymptomatic healthy populations remains a contentious issue. Despite identifying covert CSVD, management strategies are poorly established, posing challenges for neurologists and primary care physicians. Key debated issues are: (i) the advantages of screening asymptomatic individuals concerning reduced adverse health events or cost-effectiveness, (ii) effective community screening strategies, including the development of non-imaging biomarkers, and (iii) the clinical and therapeutic implications of covert CSVD. Currently, limited scientific evidence addresses these issues, necessitating more high-quality longitudinal studies. Increased awareness regarding the importance of detecting, treating, and systematically monitoring covert CVDS is essential. Screening procedures should be more active, utilizing more accessible non-imaging biomarkers such as blood tests, retinal assessments, and ambulatory blood pressure monitoring. The early detection of CSVD presents an opportunity to implement more effective preventive strategies.
Combining pan-immune-inflammation value and pretreatment tooth extractions in predicting osteoradionecrosis of the jaw: A pilot study
Authors: Somay Efsun , Topkan Erkan , Senyürek Sükran , Kılıç Durankuş Nilüfer , Öztürk Düriye , Selek Ugur
Published: January 2025

Previously, we demonstrated that the pan-immune-inflammation value (PIV) and pretreatment tooth extraction (TE) were independent predictors of osteoradionecrosis of the jaws (ORNJ) in patients with locally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma (LA-NPC) undergoing concurrent chemoradiotherapy (C-CRT). This study aimed to determine if combining PIV and TE, termed the PIV-TE-ORNJ index, and could improve the prediction of ORNJ prevalence in the same scenario. We divided patients into two groups based on each factor, with the PIV and TE cutoffs at 833 and 4, respectively, as determined in our previous study. The novel PIV-TE-ORNJ index, which combined these factors, revealed four probable groups: Group 1, PIV < 833 and TE < 4; Group 2, PIV < 833 but TE ≥ 4; Group 3, TE < 4 but PIV ≥ 833; and Group 4, PIV ≥ 833 and TE ≥ 4. The medical records of 220 patients with LA-NPC were reviewed retrospectively. Comparisons between four groups revealed that the ORNJ rates for Groups 1 – 4 were 1.1%, 6.6%, 6.1%, and 43.8%, respectively (P < 0.001). Because the ORNJ rates in Groups 2 and 3 were interchangeable (P = 0.91), these groups were merged, and a three-tiered novel PIV-TE-ORNJ index was created: low risk, PIV < 833 and TE < 4; intermediate risk, PIV < 833 but TE ≥ 4, or TE < 4 but PIV ≥ 833; and high risk, PIV ≥ 833 and TE ≥ 4. Comparisons between the three groups demonstrated that the low- and high-risk groups had the lowest (1.1%) and highest (43.8%) ORNJ rates, respectively, whereas the ORNJ rate of the intermediate-risk group was in between (6.4%) (P < 0.001 for each). The PIV-TE-ORNJ index successfully stratified patients with LA-NPC into low-, intermediate-, and high-risk groups after C-CRT.
SRCR proteins uncovered: Their crucial role in inflammation
Authors: Silva Maria Carolina , Pinto Rita P. , Oliveira Liliana , Carmo Alexandre M.
Published: January 2025

The scavenger receptor cysteine-rich (SRCR) superfamily comprises a highly conserved group of extracellular soluble and membrane-attached glycoproteins that function as pattern recognition receptors against a diverse range of pathogenic determinants. While considerable attention has been devoted to their roles in microbial recognition, this perspective aims to emphasize the significant, yet previously overlooked, anti-inflammatory properties of circulating SRCR proteins, which may be even more crucial for immune regulation. In addition, we examine SRCR cell surface proteins that, despite exhibiting limited microbial recognition, have demonstrated potential in mitigating inflammation through their soluble forms released during infectious and inflammatory conditions. Collectively, the paper emphasizes the dual roles of these proteins in infection control and the regulation of inflammatory responses, spotlighting their therapeutic potential in managing inflammatory diseases and enhancing host defense mechanisms.
Comparison of aggressiveness factors that influenced the involvement of the handball team of Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris at the UPSI open tournament 2019
Authors: Aminudin Amir Syazwan , Sut Txi Mon Redee
Published: January 2025

This study aims to examine the factors of aggression that influence the involvement of Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris (UPSI) handball team in the UPSI Open 2019. The study sample consisted of 30 handball players (n = 30; male = 15, female = 15) who participated in the UPSI Open. The instrument used to measure the athlete's aggression factor is through the questionnaire 'The Judgments about Moral Behavior in Youth Sport Questionnaire' (JAMBYSQ), which assessed athletes' stage of moral development, team norm for aggression, and self-described likelihood to aggress against an opponent. The findings showed that there was no significant difference between gender (male and female) with aggression t(28)=0.353,p=0.727,p>0.05. Based on the JAMBYSQ questionnaire submitted, it has been identified the most significant factor that cause the occurrence of aggression among players is due to the reaction from the opponent and due to teammates being abused during the match.
The awareness of hydration knowledge on gender differences among UiTM Perlis athletes
Authors: Abd Rashid Fatin Najihah , Mohd Aznan Ellail Ain , Ismail Ahmad Dzulkarnain , Abu Bakar Al Hafiz
Published: January 2025

Water is the human body's main constituent. Paucity of hydration can impair the sports performance of the athletes and cause heat problems which can harm the athletes. Therefore, maintaining proper hydration status is crucial for sports performance and general well-being of athletes. Previous study focused on hydration knowledge among difference participants and focused on one type of gender only. To date, no clear results on hydration knowledge between genders among university athletes. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine the hydration knowledge on gender differences among UiTM Perlis athletes. A total of 169 UiTM Perlis athletes (85 males and 84 females) were participated in this study. Athletes were asked to answer Hydration Awareness Questionnaire (HAQ) which consists of 13 items. This study utilized online survey questionnaires to assess athlete hydration knowledge. The results of this study indicate that there was no substantial difference (p <0.05) observed between genders in hydration knowledge. Despite understanding the importance of keeping hydrated, the awareness between genders on the hydration knowledge was on the average. Therefore, continued efforts must be made by coaches, managers and athletes to develop and implement more effective hydration strategies.
Analysis of the Structural Relationships between Masteristic Learning, Masteristic Achievement, Perceived Organizational Support and Meaningful Work According to Career Stage
Authors: Jung A Lee , Wonsup Chang
Published: January 2025

The purpose of this study is to analyze the structural relationships between masteristic learning, masteristic achievement, perceived organizational support and meaningful work, and to investigate if career stage-specific differences in the structural relationships. To achieve the purposes, an online survey was conducted among adult workers in Korea, and 387 were used for the analysis. Structural equation model analysis and multiple group analysis were used to examine the relationship between the research models. The main findings are summarized as follows. First, a direct and static effect of masteristic learning, perceived organizational support, and meaningful work exist on masteristic achievement. Second, a significant indirect effect of perceived organizational support and meaningful work on the relationship between masteristic learning and masteristic achievement exist. Third, there were significant between-group differences in some paths based on career stage, with early career stage having a stronger effect on the relationship between perceived organizational support and masteristic achievement and the relationship between perceived organizational support and meaningful work. Discussions and conclusions are drawn from the above findings and suggestions are made for further research.
Exploring the concept and components of vocational subject teachers’ professionalism
Authors: Kim Nam Hui , Lee Soo Jeong , Park Mihee , Yi Soohyun
Published: January 2025

This study aimed to redefine the concept of vocational subject teachers' professionalism, considering the rapidly changing educational environment. To this end, based on a literature review, the concept, components, and sub-constructs of professionalism were designed, followed by a Delphi survey conducted with a panel of 31 experts over three rounds. The findings of the study are as follows: First, the areas that make up the professionalism of vocational teachers were identified as occupational expertise, pedagogical expertise, autonomy, and responsibility. Second, a total of 15 sub-consturcts were identified that can be categorized under occupational and pedagogical expertise. For occupational expertise, the following sub-areas were identified: (1) theoretical knowledge in the major field, (2) practical knowledge and skills in the major field, (3) responsiveness to changes in the social environment and industrial fields, (4) adaptability to digital transformation and job changes, (5) collaboration with the industrial field, (6) curriculum design and restructuring, (7) linking school education with industry learning experiences, and (8) connecting competencies in the major field with educational content. For pedagogical expertise, the sub-areas identified were: (9) linking universal competencies with educational content, (10) supporting future preparedness and growth, (11) promoting understanding of learners and fostering student autonomy, (12) designing and implementing teaching and learning methods, (13) providing tailored assessment and feedback, (14) utilizing digital technology in education, and (15) engaging in reflective teaching practices. Based on these findings, policy implications for enhancing the professionalism of vocational subject teachers in vocational high schools were suggested.
An Unusual Presentation of Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Carcinoma in a Young Woman: A Case Report
Authors: Iman Hakim Wicaksana  , Suryo Wahyu Raharjo
Published: January 2025

Introduction: Pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (PNETs) are rare neoplasms arising from the endocrine cells of the pancreas. They are typically diagnosed in older adults, with a peak incidence between 70 and 74 years. PNETs in young adults are uncommon and often present with non-specific symptoms, leading to delays in diagnosis and treatment.
Case presentation: We report the case of a 22-year-old woman who presented with a large, non-functional PNET located in the tail of the pancreas. The patient initially complained of vague abdominal discomfort, nausea, and vomiting. Imaging studies revealed a large, heterogeneous mass in the left upper quadrant. The patient underwent a distal pancreatectomy, and histopathological examination confirmed the diagnosis of a poorly differentiated pancreatic neuroendocrine carcinoma.
Conclusion: This case highlights the challenges in diagnosing PNETs in young adults. Clinicians should maintain a high index of suspicion for PNETs in young patients presenting with abdominal symptoms, even in the absence of classic hormonal syndromes. Early diagnosis and surgical intervention are crucial for improving outcomes in these patients.
Oxidized low-density lipoproteins and their contribution to atherosclerosis
Authors: Babakr Abdullatif Taha
Published: January 2025

The oxidation of lipoproteins has a key role in the development of atherosclerosis, a condition where plaque builds up in artery walls. Research shows that when low-density lipoprotein (LDL) oxidizes, it speeds up atherosclerosis. Oxidized LDL (Ox-LDL) causes many pathologic scenarios that lead to atherosclerosis. It was suggested as a fundamental player in endothelial dysfunction, creating foam cells, and triggering inflammation in artery walls. How Ox-LDL contributes and interacts with specific receptors on endothelial cells is crucial to these effects. This article aims to shed light on LDL oxidation, the stages of the process, and how Ox-LDL promotes atherosclerosis. A comprehensive search was conducted across various databases, including PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus, and Ovid, to identify literature and studies that discuss Ox-LDL and their involvement in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and cardiovascular diseases, thereby establishing a well-defined perspective on the subject. This review will provide a closer look at the Ox-LDL particle, the different forms and stages of oxidation, and the role of various LDL receptors involved in LDL uptake and breakdown focusing on how they contribute to atherosclerosis. Then, it will discuss the role of scavenger receptors and their contribution to the uptake of Ox-LDL and how this contributes to the development of atherosclerosis.
PENGEMBANGAN POTENSI IBU RUMAH TANGGA UNTUK MENGHASILKAN PRODUK LILIN AROMATERAPI DARI LIMBAH MINYAK JELANTAH DI KELURAHAN JAYAMUKTI
Authors: Nurpribadi Giri , Rulianti Erina , Nurhidayanti Nisa , Nur'Aeni Nur'Aeni , Supriyati Supriyati
Published: January 2025

Minyak goreng yang telah digunakan lebih dari tiga kali pada proses pemanasan dapat membahayakan bagi kesehatan manusia apabila digunakan lagi, namun jika dibuang secara langsung dapat mencemari lingkungan. Kegiatan pengabdian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan motivasi digunakan untuk membekali kemampuan warga Desa Jayamukti, khususnya ibu rumah tangga dalam mengolah limbah minyak jelantah menjadi produk lilin aromaterapi yang memiliki nilai jual tinggi. Kegiatan pengabdian ini meliputi lima tahapan yaitu perencanaan, koordinasi, sosialisasi, pendampingan pembuatan lilin aromaterapi dan evaluasi kegiatan. Tim pengabdian kepada masyarakat dari Universitas Pelita Bangsa  bersama  dengan  peserta Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat desa setempat telah  melakukan  pengolahan  minyak   jelantah  menjadi  lilin aromaterapi sebagai produk bernilai jual tinggi yang ramah lingkungan dan upaya pengendalian lingkungan dari pencemaran air akibat minyak jelantah. Hasil evaluasi kegiatan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat diperoleh suatu masukan dari beberapa peserta Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat yaitu perlu dilakukan uji coba pembuatan lilin aromaterapi dalam skala yang lebih besar seperti  pemanfaatan  limbah  minyak  goreng  bekas  pada  komunitas  rukun  tetangga  ,juga  rukun  warga, sehingga dapat dijadikan kegiatan produktif bagi ibu rumah tangga yang ingin mengembangkan usaha dengan cara memproduksi lilin aromaterapi sesuai inovasi dan kreativitas untuk digunakan secara mandiri
Community Based Tourism Management at Geger Beach a Tourist Destination in Nusa Dua Bali
Authors: Marina Marina , Kanom Kanom , Sumardani Rizki , Negara I Made Weda Satia
Published: January 2025

The purpose of this study was to identify the management of Geger Beach as a Tourism Destination in Nusa Dua, Bali based on local communities and to determine the economic impact of local communities on the management of Geger Beach Tourism Destination in Nusa Dua, Bali. This research uses qualitative research, the research location is on the beach of Geger Nusa Dua Bali. The data sources in the study are primary data sources and secondary data as well as research instruments such as stationery, cellphones, interview guidelines and tools that support this research informants in the study were 1) the management of Geger Beach, 2) local local communities 3) tourists visiting Geger Beach, The number of informants in this study was 10, and the method of collecting data in this study using observation, interviews, documentation, and literature study. The method of data analysis in this study through several stages, including data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing involves three main steps to process research data. The results survey that Geger Beach Management in Nusa Dua is based on local communities with a focus on community participation development and management of tourist facilities and services responsibly, to balance economic benefits and cultural preservation. This participation includes resource management, cultural promotion, and the organisation of tourist activities. The economic impact is significant for local communities, with increased income through tourism services, culinary and craft businesses, and new employment opportunities. In addition, this participation encourages communities to be active in the conservation and development of tourist destinations.
Güncel Periodontoloji Çalışmaları IV
Authors: Sevinç Gül Sema Nur , Türksoy Ayşegül , Dilsiz Alparslan , Gürbüz Ezgi , Tetik Beyza , Kara Bilkan , Yıldız Zeynep Hazan , Ustaoğlu Gülbahar , Ceylan Şen Seval , Saraç Atagün Özlem , Sökmen Kevser , Karcı Bilge , Ekiz Sinem , Gültekin Pınar
Published: January 2025

Bağ Doku ve Bağ Doku Greftleri
Sema Nur SEVİNÇ GÜL
Ayşegül TÜRKSOY
Alparslan DİLSİZ
Çürüksüz Servikal Lezyonlarda Periodontal Tedavi Yaklaşımları
Ezgi GÜRBÜZ
Beyza TETİK
Diyabet Periodontitis İlişkisi ve Güncel Tedavi Yaklaşımları
Bilkan KARA
Peri-İmplant Yumuşak Doku Yönetiminde Komplikasyonlar
Zeynep Hazan YILDIZ
Gülbahar USTAOĞLU
Seval CEYLAN ŞEN
Periodontal Hastalığı Olan Bireylerde Ortodontik Tedaviler
Özlem SARAÇ ATAGÜN
Periodontal Rejenerasyon ve Rejeneratif Teknikler
Gülbahar USTAOĞLU
Seval CEYLAN ŞEN
Periodontolojide Trombositten Zengin Fibrin Kullanım Alanları
Zeynep Hazan YILDIZ
Gülbahar USTAOĞLU
Diş Hekimliğinde Probiyotik Kullanımı
Kevser SÖKMEN
Bilge KARCI
Sinem EKİZ
Periodontolojide Lazer Uygulamaları
Bilge KARCI
Kevser SÖKMEN
Pınar GÜLTEKİN