bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Factors for Predicting Success in e-Learning System Management during the COVID-19 Pandemic: The Case Study of Suranaree University of Technology
Authors:   the Center for Educational Innovation and Technology, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand, Srisawat Sutthinee , Kamollimsakul Sorachai , Phithak Thawatphong , Chularee Saranya , Tapin Jintana , Thepvichit Amornthep , Sosongchan Akkhadesh , Aorsuwan Apisara
Published: September 2023

The COVID-19 pandemic widely affected many sectors including education. Suranaree University of Technology, as the first autonomous university of technology in Thailand, had improved online education and applied the university e-learning systems to cope with the pandemic situation. Thus, this research aimed to 1) study the levels of the related factors and the success of the e-learning systems in disruptive online education, 2) study the correlation between the related factors and the success of the e-learning systems in disruptive online education, and 3) study the factors predicting the success of the e-learning systems in disruptive online education. The samples were 405 students, instructors, and staff. Data were collected by using a questionnaire. The results showed that Organizational Factor, Instructor Factor, User Support Factor, Student Factor, and Teaching and Learning Management Factor were at a high level, whereas the System Performance Factor, and Technology and Infrastructure Factor were at a moderate level. Moreover, all factors were significantly correlated to success at a high level (r = 0.77, p < 0.01). Finally, in predicting the success of the e-learning system, five factors namely, Instructor Factor, User Support Factor, System Performance Factor, Organizational Factor, and Student Factor were able to predict success for 60%, and the Instructor Factor only was able to predict success for 49%.
Cultivation of Character Values in Choukai Kaiwa Shokyu Kohan Course
Authors: Asrini Dwi Puji
Published: September 2023

Students who engage in the study of foreign languages may face the potential risk of experiencing a loss of their personal identity, as their sense of pride becomes intertwined with the cultural heritage of the country associated with the language they are acquiring. Students may also experience a decline in their sense of patriotism and attachment to their nation. Consequently, it is imperative to make concerted endeavors to incorporate character attributes within the curriculum provided. The present study employs a qualitative research approach that utilizes descriptive research methods. The individuals involved in this research were students enrolled in the Choukai Kaiwa Shokyu Kohan Course, which is a component of the Japanese Language Education Study Program. Data collection involved the utilization of many methods, including observation, interviews, documentation, and field notes. The character values have been derived from the Ministry of Education and Culture (2017). The data was analyzed to ascertain the character values that can be associated with the course themes and to classify the obstacles to fostering these character qualities. The Choukai Kaiwa Shokyu Kohan course offers the opportunity for the cultivation of several character traits, such as religiousness, honesty, discipline, industriousness, creativity, independence, curiosity, patriotism, sociability, and responsibility. The learning flow to teach character attributes consists of several steps: mite kangaeru (observe and think), miru-kiku-ittemiru (see, hear, ask, and experience), kiite kizuku (listen and notice), ruuru o hakensuru (analyze rules), tsukatte miru (practice and apply), Can Do chekku (check for proficiency), and seikatsu to bunka (life and culture).  One of the challenges encountered in cultivating character values is the limited capacity of teachers to assess all student groups during the process of integrating them into discussion exercises. Additionally, it is worth noting that only a subset of character values may be effectively evaluated through assignments.
Physio-Biochemical Characteristics of Prope Legitimate Seedlings of 13 Cocoa Clones Under Drought Stress
Authors: Zasari Maera , Wachjar Ade , Susilo Agung Wahyu , Sudarsono Sudarsono
Published: September 2023

The tolerant seedlings are determined by their physiological and biochemical responses. This study aimed to determine stomatal density, relative water content, and proline in prope legitimate seedlings under drought stress. The research was carried out at the Indonesian Coffee and Cocoa Research Center in July 2018 – February 2019, arranged in a randomized split-plot experimental design with six replications. The main plot was soil moisture content, and the sub-plot was the cocoa prope legitimate seedlings. The differences of mean values were tested using analysis of variance, followed by the DMRT and T-student test at 5 % level, analysis of the relative decrease in stomatal density and relative water content, proline content ratio, and the dendrogram analysis. The results showed that the cocoa seedlings under drought experienced significant changes in relative water and proline content but not stomatal density. Drought decreased in the relative water content of 50% and increased proline content in the seedlings. The relative water and proline content divided the prope legitimate seedlings into two groups. The prope legitimate seedlings from KW 516, KW 641, Scavina 06, KKM 22, KW 617, and ICCRI 03 clones were drought-tolerant.
Increasing the Efficiency of Cattle Bone Ash P Fertilization with Nano Technology and Its Effect on the Growth and Yield of Shallots
Authors: Hidayat Taufiq , Widyastuti Titiek , Wulandari Fetty Nur Cahyati , Dewi Sukuriyati Susilo
Published: September 2023

The study investigates the efficacy of nano-sized cattle bone ash as an alternative phosphorus source for shallot cultivation, aiming to reduce dependence on mined phosphate rock. The experimental study was arranged in a 4 x 3 factorial Completely Randomized Design. The first factor was the recommended dose of P fertilizer, consisting of 100%, 80%, 60%, and 40%. The second factor was using nano cattle bone ash as a foliar application, applied 3, 4, and 5 times. The observation was made on the plant growth and yield of shallot. Data analysis was conducted with an ANOVA and continued with the DMRT. The results showed no interaction effect of the dose of P fertilizer and the frequency of spraying nano cattle bone ash on the growth and yield of shallots. The application of P fertilizer at 40% of the recommended dose could already produce shallots that were the same as the application of P fertilizer according to the recommended dosage. The spraying frequency of three times was able to provide high shallot yields.  In the future, it is expected that spraying cow bone ash with nanotechnology can be applied three times with a 40% recommended dose of P to increase fertilization efficiency.
Secondary Metabolites Application of Two Pseudomonas fluorescens isolates and Two Trichoderma Harzianum Isolates in Combination Against Postharvest Anthracnose in Papaya
Authors: Muarifah Mizar , Soesanto Loekas , Sastyawan Murti Wisnu Ragil , Mugiastuti Endang , Farid Noor
Published: September 2023

The occurrence of papaya anthracnose is a significant post-harvest ailment, necessitating the effective disease management. The aim was to determine the ability of secondary metabolites combination of Pseudomonas fluorescens and Trichoderma harzianum isolates against the disease. A completely randomized design was used for in vitro experiments and a randomized block design for in vivo experiments. The treatments consisted of P. fluorescens P60 and T. harzianum T10, P. fluorescens P60 and T. harzianum T213, P. fluorescens P32 and T. harzianum T10, P. fluorescens P32 and T. harzianum T213 secondary metabolites and fungicides (a.i. maneb). The observed variables included the pathosystem component and papaya character and organoleptic test. The in vitro test results showed that P. fluorescens P60 and T. harzianum T10 and P. fluorescens P60 and T. harzianum T213 secondary metabolites inhibited the pathogen growth by 48.1075 and 43.4625%, respectively. The secondary metabolites of P. fluorescens P60 and T. harzianum T10 in vivo test results could delay the germination time by 12.63% and reduce the invasion area by 44.29%. All secondary metabolites had no effect on sugar content, hardness and sensory test. The combined secondary metabolites of P. fluorescens and T. harzianum are safe and does not affect papaya fruit quality.
α-Mangostin Content of Mangosteen Leaves (Garcinia mangostana L.) Based on Different Growing Conditions
Authors: Rahmiyani Ira , Yuliana Anna , Rukmana Dea Helyani , Tuslinah Lilis , Nurviana Vera
Published: September 2023

Environmental factors, such as soil height, plant age, soil conditions, maintenance, and plant seeds influence the content of secondary metabolites in an organism. The growing conditions can also affect the content of active compounds in plants. Xanthone is an active compound in Garcinia mangostana Linn. One of its derivatives is α-mangostin, which has antioxidant, anticancer, antituberculosis and antihistamine effects. This study aimed to determine the effects of growing conditions on the levels of α-mangosteen in mangosteen leaf extract using Thin Layer Chromatography-Densitometry. Standard solution of α-mangosteen and ethyl acetate extract of mangosteen leaves (A and B samples) were analyzed with Camag TLC Scanner 3 using silica gel 60 F254 stationary phase and chloroform-ethyl acetate mobile phase (9:1). The results showed that the Rf values for standard solution of α-mangostin, sample A, and sample B were 0.65, 0.62, and 0.62, respectively. Meanwhile, the levels obtained from samples A and B were 2.10% ± 0.0755 and 2.07% ± 0.0321, respectively. Different growing conditions did not affect the level of α-mangostin ethyl acetate extract of mangosteen leaves.
Medicinal plants in dentistry- A brief review
Authors: Priyadarshi Surbhi , Dubey Diksha , Srivastava Rangoli
Published: September 2023

Finding healing powers in plants is an ancient idea. These form the basis for the development of new chemicals for pharmaceuticals and also the use of this readily available, natural and safe resources as a part of dental practice has a great potential for more green and natural dental practice. Several scientific investigations have highlighted the importance and the contribution of many plant families. Plants belonging to the following Asteraceae, Liliaceae, Apocynaceae, Solanaceae, Caesalpinaceae, Rutaceae, Piperaceae, Sapotoceae are also used as medicinal plants. Plants play a vital role for development of new drugs. The bioactive extract should be standardized on the basis of active compounds and should undergo limited safety studies. This article provides a gist of all the valuable medicinal plants that can be used in dentistry for different curing and remedial procedures.
Comparative evaluation of the efficacy of clinical diagnosis, conventional radiography and ultrasonography (usg) in the diagnosis of odontogenic lesions – A short study
Authors: Giri Debanti , Agarwal Nitin , Sinha Abhishek , Iqbal Haider
Published: September 2023

Several imaging techniques are adopted by clinicians in day-to-day practice amongst which clinical diagnosis and conventional radiography are been relied on mostly. However, owing to the high radiation exposure and other shortcomings of computed tomography or MRI, Ultrasonography has emerged as an effective method of choice for diagnosis.

40 patients were selected for the study among the patients visiting the department at the Department of Dentistry, NRS Medical College and Hospital. All the patients of the study group were examined clinically and radiographically followed by Ultrasonography and Color Doppler was performed by ultrasound machine (SIEMENS- G50) Collected data were analysed by means of statistical software Statistical Package for Social Sciences STATA-15. ANOVA test was done to compare the Radiographical diagnosis and USG, further association has been checked between two variables.

It was observed that USG diagnosis had a sensitivity and specificity of 100% & 86.9% respectively with an accuracy of 98.6% compared to clinical diagnosis & had a sensitivity and specificity of 100% & 86.9% respectively with an accuracy of 98.6% compared to radiographic diagnosis.

Real-time USG with high frequency transducers can suggestively enhance the assessment of various head and neck pathological lesions and can thus be used as a supplement in clinical examination of patients to deduce a confirmatory diagnosis.
A research study on customer satisfaction and loyalty in hospitality industry, Rajkot
Authors: Mandlik Shruti
Published: September 2023

This research paper explores the relationship between the customer satisfaction and loyalty in hospitality industry. It provides valuable insights into the factors that drive guest loyalty and offers practical implications for businesses aiming to enhance customer retention and overall profitability in this sector. In the realm of the hospitality industry, it becomes crucial to ascertain whether customers are content with the services and exhibit loyalty towards the establishment. Consequently, this research places its primary emphasis on gauging customer satisfaction and loyalty within the hospitality sector. The hospitality sector encompasses various businesses such as hotels, restaurants, and other service providers. This research study employs a descriptive research approach, utilizing a Convenience (non-random) sampling technique with a sample size of 100 customers from the hospitality industry Rajkot. Data collection involves the use of questionnaires, and subsequent analysis involves the application of Chi-square tests. The research is grounded in a conceptual model that demonstrates the interconnectedness of customer satisfaction, customer trust and customer loyalty. In summary, the data highlights the significance of various factors impacting customers' hotel choices. It emphasizes occasional visits driven by positive experiences and loyalty programs. To succeed, hotels must prioritize meeting customer preferences and providing enticing amenities.
Circular RNA CSPP1 motivates renal cell carcinoma carcinogenesis and the Warburg effect by targeting RAC1 through microRNA-493-5p
Authors: Zhang Dong , Yang XiaoJie , Luo QiDong , Fu DeLia , Li HongLiang , Zhang Peng , Tie Chong
Published: September 2023

Circular RNAs (circRNAs) take on regulatory roles in renal cell carcinoma (RCC). The research’s goal was to figure out circ-CSPP1’s role and molecular mechanism in RCC. The results clarified that circ-CSPP1 expression was enhanced in RCC. Down-regulating circ-CSPP1 refrained the proliferation, migration, invasion, and Warburg effect (aerobic glycolysis), but accelerated apoptosis of RCC cells. The luciferase activity assay exhibited that circ-CSPP1 could perform as an endogenous sponge for miR-493-5p. Elevating miR-493-5p repressed RCC progression. The bioinformatics website starBase confirmed that ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1 (RAC1) was a target gene of miR-493-5p. Circ-CSPP1 up-regulated RAC1 by sponging miR-493-5p, and elevating RAC1 could turn around the effect of down-regulating circ-CSPP1 on RCC cells. Taken together, circ-CSPP1 is identified as a novel RCC-promoting RNA that could serve as a latent therapeutic target for RCC therapy.
NADPH oxidase 4 facilitates progression of chondrosarcoma via generation of reactive oxygen species
Authors: Jun Zheng , Lei Wang , Ce Fang , Wen Tao Ren , Xiang Hui Meng , Ci Nan Qing
Published: September 2023

Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase 4 (NOX4) is an enzyme that regulates reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, and its function in the development of chondrosarcoma remains unclear. In the present study, we studied NOX4 expression in chondrosarcoma by immunochemical examination, and analyzed the role of NOX4 in viability and apoptosis of human chondrosarcoma cell line SW1353 using NOX4 siRNA or NOX4 inhibitor GKT137831. NOX4 level significantly increased in tumor compared to that in para-carcinoma sample. The levels of NOX4 were positively correlated with histological grade and Musculoskeletal Tumor Society stage of the patients. NOX4 level was significantly increased in SW1353 compared with that in chondrocytes CHON-001. Knockdown of NOX4 or inhibition of NOX4 by GKT137831 both decreased generation of ROS, and induced growth inhibition and apoptosis in SW1353, accompanied with the activation of caspases (caspase-3, caspase-8 and caspses-9), upregulation of Bax, cytochrome C(cyt-c), cleaved-PARP and down-regulation of Bcl-2. Moreover, NOX4 siRNA and GKT137831 decreased the expression of p-Akt, p-ERK and p-p65 in SW1353 cells. In an in vivo study, NOX4 shRNA transfected SW1353 have shown impaired growth ability compared to the SW1353 when they were injected into the nude mice. Meanwhile, GKT137831 induced growth inhibition and apoptosis in SW1353 xenograft animals, together with increased expression of Bax, cyt-c, cleaved-PARP, and decreased expression of Bcl-2, p-Akt, p-ERK and p-p65. NOX4 plays a positive role in the development of chondrosarcoma and could serve as a promising target against chondrosarcoma clinically.
Political interest of the Russian state in participation in educational reforms: The problem of unspokenness
Authors:   Povolzhsky Institute of Management named after P. A. Stolypin – the Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Afanasyeva Kristina A.
Published: September 2023

The article provides a forecast of the risks associated with plans to continue reforms in Russian education. For many years and to these days one source of risk is the absence in the fundamental documents regulating the process of reforming domestic education, the exact formulations of those state interests for the benefit of which the reforms are being carried out. Another source of risk is the contradiction between the radical -liberal formulations, with the help of which their goal is brought to Russian society in normative documents and public speeches of the leaders of educational reforms, and the conservative “reversal” that is observed today in the rest of Russian domestic and foreign policy. The main risk itself lies in the fact that the unspoken state interest in reforming the educational sphere can become a defining characteristic of the state strategy at the new, so far only planned stage of educational reforms.
The Policy of Memory in the Modern Russian Society: The Aspect of Urbanism
Authors:   Saratov State University, Anikin D.A.
Published: September 2023

The processes of transformation and replacement of many traditional concepts are clearly observed in the frame of modern philosophical science. Social groups are the mediums of cultural memory, since the processes of communication among the members of the groups act as the constant indicators of the relevance of the information circulating in the society. Fixing of this information in written texts helps to form an identifying core. This core doesnt incur changes and poses as a source of interpretations for different subcultures belonging to one society and trying to emphasize their identity.
Young People, Education, Labour Intellectualization: Trends and Contradictions
Authors:   Saratov State Technical University, Filimonova О.F.
Published: September 2023

This article covers the analysis of the problem of the youth integration into the economical processes. Attention is focused on the labour intellectualization trend and new requirements presented by the people common market. The needs of the modern economy in the intellectual resources brought to forefront the criteria of the education, professional competence, creative potential.
A Theory of Practices: Social-Philosophical Potential of the Concept
Authors:   Saratov State University, Dyakov A.A.
Published: September 2023

Article is devoted to the analysis of the theory of practices. A socialphilosophical bases of the concept are explicated. Analyzing a category «social practices», being a base category of a modern discourse of humanities, and considering methods of the theory of practices, is critically comprehended heuristic potential of the investigated concept.
The Individual in Modern Society : Life Strategies, Values, Risks (round table materials)
Authors:   Saratov State University, Tarasov I.P.
Published: September 2023

Interdisciplinary research on the very current topic “Personality in the space of risks” in the scientific community of philosophers, psychologists, and teachers at Saratov University has its own background. In September 2008, a round table was held on the topic “Personality in risk groups”, where philosophical and psychological problems of risky behavior of the individual were discussed, different models of risk groups were put forward, the relationship between collective and individual risks was clarified, possible scenarios for managing risk situations in small groups.
The Doctrine of Dependent Оrigination in the Buddhist Philosophy
Authors:   Branch of South Ural State University, Snezhinsk, Berezhnoy S. B.
Published: September 2023

This article is devoted to the interpretation of the Doctrine of Pratītyasamutpāda in the Buddhist philosophy. In the article the original interpretation of this Doctrine in its intercommunication with the Buddhist ideas about the individual life of a living being which is represented as the stream of dharmas is given. Dharmas are the ontological elements of Being. Opinions of ancient Buddhist philosophers and O. O. Rosenberg, A. M. Pyatigorsky and the others are analyzed there.
Mathematical Object in the Modern Philosophical Discourse
Authors:   Volgograd State University, Bukin D. N.
Published: September 2023

The problem of the bases of mathematics directly mentions questions of existence and the ontological status of mathematical object and is defined by the content of two basic contradictory methodological conceptions - realism and constructivism. It is shown that at the heart of their opposition dialectic relations of categorial pairs «individual−general», «subject−object», «essence−phenomenon» lie. Ways of overcoming of the arisen contradictions on the basis of ideas of modern schools of constructive realism, structuralism and naturalistic constructivism are considered.
Bioethical Judgments about Genetic Engineering
Authors:   Saratov State University, Kazennov D. K.
Published: September 2023

This article discusses the ethical judgments about human genetic engineering. Considered opinions include consequentialist judgments and categorical judgments. Judgments are being analyzed in the emotivist approach. The article concludes that there is no enough empirical knowledge for an adequate judgment on the prospects of human genetic engineering, while the existing judgments are being associated with exaggerated assumptions, bordering on dystopian fiction, and metaphysical concepts.
Competitividad para el bienestar: contribución del modelo vasco de inclusión sociolaboral para personas con discapacidad
Authors: Canto Patricia , Oleaga Mercedes , Ugalde Etorne ,   Universidad de Deusto
Published: September 2023

El Modelo de Inclusión Sociolaboral para Personas con Discapacidad del País Vasco empezó a desarrollarse hace más de 40 años. Se trata de un sistema compartido de valores, herramientas, actividades y recursos para impulsar la inclusión de las personas con discapacidad en Euskadi. No obstante, un contexto global incierto; la «ola de la inclusión»; y los retos y oportunidades que presentan las tres transiciones sostenibles, hacen necesario construir una visión compartida, entre los agentes públicos y privados del territorio, sobre los retos en que es necesario trabajar para que el Modelo siga contribuyendo a la competitividad para el bienestar del País Vasco. Este trabajo se plantea como una base para alimentar el diálogo entre dichos agentes, identificando una serie de acciones y un rol clave para EHLABE como actor facilitador de procesos que las pongan en marcha.
Akut iskemik inme mortalitesinin bir belirleyicisi olarak serum glukoz potasyum oranının değerlendirilmesi
Authors: MERMER Aydın , AKINCI EKİNCİ Nuran
Published: September 2023

Amaç: Bu çalışma, akut iskemik inme (AIS) hastalarında yapılan serum glukoz/potasyum oranındaki (GPR) değişikliklerin hasta yönetiminin daha hızlı ve etkin bir şekilde yapılmasına etkisini göstermeyi amaçlamaktadır.

Gereç ve Yöntemler: AIS nedeniyle mekanik trombektomi uygulanan hastaların hematolojik ve biyokimyasal parametreleri retrospektif olarak incelendi. Hastalar non-survivor (yaşamayanlar) ve survivor (yaşayanlar) olmak üzere iki gruba ayrıldı. GPR hesaplandı ve mortaliteyi tahmin etme yetenekleri gruplar arasında istatistiksel olarak değerlendirildi.

Bulgular: Survivor grupta 131 ve non-survivor grupta 42 olmak üzere toplam 173 hasta analiz edildi. Non-survivor grubunda glukoz ve GPR, survivor grubuna göre istatistiksel olarak anlamlı şekilde yüksekti (p
Tehnike za zagotavljanje veljavnosti in zanesljivosti podatkov v marketinških raziskavah in analiza podatkov v marketingu
Authors: Milfelner Borut
Published: September 2023

Znanstvena monografija »Tehnike za zagotavljanje veljavnosti in zanesljivosti podatkov v marketinških raziskavah in analiza podatkov v marketingu« se osredotoča na zbiranje informacij za marketinške namene v organizacijah in zagovarja znanstveni pristop pri merjenju marketinških konceptov. Utemeljuje znanstvene principe kvantitativnega merjenja v marketingu za zagotavljanje natančnih in zanesljivih podatkov ter metode za analizo podatkov v marketingu. Obravnavane so tudi napredne tehnike analiziranja podatkov, kot so modeliranje strukturnih enačb, s katerimi merimo vplive latentnih spremenljivk, ki lahko so v vlogi odvisne, kot tudi neodvisne spremenljivke. Monografija vsebuje sedem poglavij, ki obsegajo razumevanje informacijskega sistema v marketingu, tržne naravnanosti, teorije merjenja v marketingu, veljavnosti in zanesljivosti merilnih lestvic, metode za preverjanje povezav med parametričnimi in neparametričnimi spremenljivkami ter modeliranje strukturnih enačb.
The effects of social pensions on mortality among the extreme poor elderly
Authors: Olivera Javier , Valderrama Jose A.
Published: September 2023

Estudiamos los efectos del programa de pensiones sociales de Peru Pensión 65 sobre la mortalidad. El programa proporciona una pensión vitalicia equivalente a 32 dolares al mes a las personas mayores de 65 años que carecen de otras pensiones y están clasificadas oficialmente como pobres extremas. El análisis se basa en datos individuales de una encuesta obtenida en la línea de base, que pareamos con los registros oficiales de mortalidad para el período 2012 a 2019. Explotamos la discontinuidad en torno al índice de bienestar utilizado por el programa para determinar la elegibilidad, y estimamos los efectos de intención de tratamiento (ITT) con una regresión discontinua. Se encuentra que, al cabo de siete años, el programa puede reducir la mortalidad entre las personas elegibles en unos 11.4 puntos porcentuales, implicando un aumento de un año en la esperanza de vida de los individuos elegibles.
Working With Spousal Caregivers in Rehabilitation Counseling: Considerations for Assessing Love Styles
Authors: Baumunk Megan J.
Published: September 2023

For married couples, adjustment to disability is a process that impacts both spouses. Spousal caregivers often report limited or poor coping strategies and can experience caregiver burden. Due to the shared stress, dyadic coping strategies must be considered in addition to individual coping responses. There is limited research explaining why couples engage in dyadic coping more effectively than others. Love styles are categorizations of love behaviors, thoughts, and motivations. Analyzing Lee’s (1957) love styles (Eros, Ludus, Storge, Agape, Mania, and Pragma) may lead to a possible explanation. The relationships between love styles, dyadic coping, and caregiver burden are conceptualized, and recommendations for rehabilitation counselors are provided.
Quality improvement of rubber seed meal diet for Nile tilapia with amino acid supplemetation
Authors: Yusuf Didi Humaedi , Suprayudi Muhammad Agus , Jusadi Dedi
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACT This experiment was conducted to improve the quality of rubber seed meal fermented using sheep rumen liquor based diet (RSMF) with amino acid supplementation for Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus. This experiment consisted of five treatments with three replications. The treatments were 0% protein from RSMF as control; 50% RSMF; 50% RSMF with lysine; 75% RSMF and 75% RSMF with lysine. Tilapia with an initial body weight of 6.29±0.12 g were reared for 40 days and the fish were fed three times daily at satiation level (8.00 am, 12.00 pm and 16.00 pm). The data were statistically analysed by using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) using software SPSS version 16.0 at 95% (p<0.05) confidence interval and Tukey test for the post hoc test. The results showed that the addition of lysine in the 75% RSMF diets could increased final weight, but did not significantly different to protein efficiency ratio (PER), decreased feed convertion ratio (FCR) and biochemical body composition. The data indicated that quality of 75% RSMF could improved after lysine supplementation, but still lower than using 50% RSMF and soybean meal as protein source. Keywords: amino acid supplementation, Oreochromis niloticus, rubber seed meal ABSTRAK Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk meningkatkan kualitas pakan dengan tepung bungkil biji karet yang difermentasi dengan cairan rumen domba (TBBKF) melalui suplementasi asam amino untuk ikan nila Oreochromis niloticus. Penelitian ini terdiri atas lima perlakuan dengan tiga ulangan. Perlakuan terdiri atas  0% protein dari TBBKF sebagai kontrol; 50% TBBKF; 50% TBBKF + Lisin; 75% TBBKF dan 75% TBBKF + lisin. Ikan nila dengan bobot awal 6,29±0,12 g dipelihara selama 40 hari dan pemberian pakan dilakukan tiga kali sehari hingga sekenyangnya (08.00, 12.00 dan 16.00 WIB). Data dianalisis menggunakan analisis sidik ragam (ANOVA) dengan menggunakan software SPSS 16.0 dan diuji lanjut menggunakan uji Tukey. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penambahan lisin pada pakan 75% TBBKF meningkatkan bobot tubuh ikan akhir, tetapi tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap rasio efisiensi protein (PER), rasio konversi pakan (FCR) dan komposisi biokimia tubuh ikan nila. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa kualitas protein 75% TBBKF meningkat setelah suplementasi lisin, tetapi masih lebih rendah dibandingkan dengan penggunaan 50% TBBKF dan tepung kedelai sebagai sumber protein. Kata kunci: suplementasi asam amino, Oreochromis niloticus, tepung biji karet
The growth and physiological responses of tambaqui Colossoma macropomum fed on the high dose of clove oil-supplemented diet
Authors: Puteri Andi Tiara Eka Diana , Jusadi Dedi , Nuryati Sri
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACT In this study, tambaqui Colossoma macropomum juvenile were given feed supplemented with clove oil Syzygium aromaticum at a dose of 0 and 100 mg/100 g diet. This study purposed to assessment the effect of clove oil supplementation at high dose (100 mg/100 g diet) on growth performance and health status of freshwater tambaqui. As many as 25 fishes with initial body weight 7.62±0.44 g maintained in 15 aquariums for 45 days. Each treatment consisted of three replications. Data were analyzed by t-test. The results showed that tambaqui growth performance on both treatments were not significantly different. However, supplementation of high doses 100 mg clove oil/100 g diet showed reduce on the blood parameters and declining the abundant of intestinal microflora in tambaqui gut, but the types seen more diverse. The observation of fish liver histology showed that hepatocyte cells in the treatment of 100 mg clove oil become smaller and dense compared with 0 mg clove oil treatment. The use of high doses of clove oil does not interfere with the tambaqui growth performance despite the downturn in the physiological responses were observed. Keywords: clove oil, Syzygium aromaticum, Colossoma macropomum, growth performance  ABSTRAK Di dalam penelitian ini, benih ikan bawal tawar Colossoma macropomum dipelihara dengan pemberian pakan yang ditambah minyak cengkeh Syzygium aromaticum pada kadar 0 dan 100 mg/100 g pakan. Tujuannya untuk melihat pengaruh penambahan minyak cengkeh di dalam pakan pada dosis tinggi (100 mg/100 g pakan) terhadap performa pertumbuhan dan respons fisiologis ikan bawal. Sebanyak 25 ekor ikan bawal dengan bobot individu awal 7,62 ± 0,44 g dipelihara pada 15 akuarium selama 45 hari. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis dengan uji komparasi t-test antar dua perlakuan dengan tiga ulangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tidak ada pengaruh dari kedua perlakuan terhadap parameter pertumbuhan. Namun, pemberian pakan yang mengandung minyak cengkeh dosis tinggi 100 mg/100 g pakan mempengaruhi respons fisiologis berupa rendahnya kisaran nilai gambaran darah serta menurunnya jumlah mikroflora di usus ikan bawal, meski jenisnya lebih beragam. Hasil pengamatan histologi hati ikan pada perlakuan 100 mg minyak cengkeh menunjukkan bahwa sel hepatosit berukuran lebih kecil dan terlihat rapat dibandingkan dengan perlakuan 0 mg minyak cengkeh. Penggunaan minyak cengkeh dosis tinggi tidak menganggu performa pertumbuhan ikan bawal meskipun terjadi penurunan pada respons fisiologis yang diamati. Kata penting: minyak cengkeh, Syzygium aromaticum, Colossoma macropomum, performa pertumbuhan
Reducing carbon emissions from plant factories with artificial lighting
Authors:   Japan Plant Factory Association, Japan, Kozai Toyoki
Published: September 2023

Plant factories with artificial lighting (PFALs) must fulfill the following basic requirements to help solve global and local issues relating to food, resources, environment, and quality of life: minimal greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from construction and operation, high resource and economic productivity with minimal resource inputs and waste outputs through use of natural energy. The following issues are crucial to meet the above requirements: 1) efficient use of resources, such as electricity, water, and fertilizer in PFAL operation, and structural elements such as metals and cement in PFAL construction; 2) optimal environmental control of cultivation rooms for maximum resource and monetary productivities; 3) maximum use of alternatives to plastic products, chemical fertilizer, metals, and cement, and 4) use of electricity generated locally by natural energy. This chapter discusses the actions required to reduce the emissions of carbon dioxide equivalent (CO2-eq) or GHG in the PFAL industry, and improve resource use efficiency, particularly electrical energy use efficiency.
Requirements and features of cultivation system modules in advanced plant factories with artificial lighting
Authors:   Japan Plant Factory Association, Japan, Kozai Toyoki , Hayashi Eri ,   Japan Plant Factory Association, Japan
Published: September 2023

This chapter discusses the design and management principles of the cultivation room environment of a plant factory with artificial lighting (PFAL), mainly based on its material and energy balance. Resource supply rates, product and waste outputs, and environmental factors can be accurately measured in an airtight and thermally insulated cultivation room. Then, hourly rates of net photosynthesis and transpiration of plants can be accurately estimated. Further, resource use efficiency (RUE) and productivity (PR) can be calculated online successively for each resource element, such as electricity, water, and CO2. The above features of PFAL are beneficial to improving the RUE and PR successively. The RUE and PR can be further improved by introducing plant phenotyping (trait measurements) and three-dimensionally uniform distribution of environmental factors inside the plant community. Then, energy-autonomous PFAL operated by electricity generated only by local natural energy can be realized.
Lessons learned from operational and shuttered vertical plant farms
Authors:   University of Liverpool, UK, De Oliveira Francis Baumont , Dyer Ronald ,   University of Sheffield, UK
Published: September 2023

Vertical plant farming (VPF), defined as crop production utilising vertical space through stacking horizontally or in towers, is a promising and relatively novel type of controlled environment agriculture (CEA). The nascent sector has been riddled with complexities in economic viability, labour, and plant science, evidenced by a landscape littered with failed start-ups. No studies have examined lessons learned from vertical plant farms. We analyse the interviews of 20 industry practitioners growing leafy vegetables, microgreens, herbs and edible flowers. We examine the experiences of both profitable farms and shuttered projects and their reasons for closure. Thematic analysis is used to identify lessons learned. The lessons fall under six themes: i) economics, ii) labour, iii) technology, iv) growing, v) strategy, and viii) risk. We explore these themes to provide guidelines for successful VPF projects grounded in the literature. This discourse includes a risk register comprised of all reported risks affecting VPF.
Spectral manipulations to control growth and quality of lettuce and other leafy greens in vertical farms
Authors:   Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, China, Tong Yuxin
Published: September 2023

Selecting the optimal light environment for plant growth and development, and reducing the amount of electric energy consumed by lighting are both essential to improve the economic operations of vertical farming. Compared with photosynthetic photon flux density and light period, the effects of light quality on plant morphology and physiology are much more complex. The effect of light quality on plant growth and development has been a hot topic in vertical farming over the past few decades. In this chapter, the effects of monochromatic and polychromatic lights on growth, development and qualities of leafy greens are described. Different morphological and physiological responses to specific spectral stimulation are discussed, followed by common polychromatic spectrums and their effects on plants.
Adjusting photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD) to improve the quality of leafy vegetables in vertical farms
Authors:   Wageningen University & Research, The Netherlands, Min Qianxixi , Marcelis Leo F. M. ,   Wageningen University & Research, The Netherlands, Woltering Ernst J. ,   Wageningen University & Research, The Netherlands
Published: September 2023

Extending shelf life, improving quality, and reducing waste of leafy vegetables during transport and storage are key to tackling the global food challenge. Leafy vegetables – as the most popular crop grown in indoor vertical farms – are considered an important contributor to a healthy diet but generally have a short shelf life. In this chapter, we provide a comprehensive definition of quality and review studies on the effect of high photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD) applied prior to harvest on phytochemicals in leafy vegetables. Increasing levels of phytochemicals (vitamin C, phenolics and carbohydrates) under high PPFD can directly improve health-related values at harvest, and more importantly, through their involvement in metabolic and redox homeostasis, ensure sufficient antioxidant capacity in leaves and suppress quality decay in storage. Increased PPFD during growth can be integrated with indoor vertical farming to improve quality and extend the shelf life of leafy vegetables.
Growth and nutritional contents of medicinal plants and herbs as affected by light and root zone environments in plant factories with artificial lighting
Authors:   Center for Environment, Health and Field Sciences, Chiba University, Japan, Lu Na , Xu Wenshuo ,   Center for Environment, Health and Field Sciences, Chiba University, Japan, Nguyen Duyen T. P. ,   Center for Environment, Health and Field Sciences, Chiba University, Japan
Published: September 2023

This chapter examines how light and root zone environments in plant factories with artificial lighting (PFALs) can affect the growth and nutritional components of medicinal plants and herbs. It first draws attention to perilla, a popular medicinal plant, and describes the effects of photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD) and electrical conductivity (EC) on its growth and secondary metabolite accumulation. The chapter moves on to examine coriander and how PFFD, root zone temperature and the light spectrum affects the growth and secondary metabolite accumulation. A section on nasturtium is also included, focusing on the effects of EC, continuous lighting and daily light integral on nasturtium cuttings and plants. The chapter concludes by emphasising how the regulation of light and root zone environments can help to control plant growth in PFALs.
Design and management of globally-networked plant factories: commercial application and future opportunities
Authors:   Infarm - Indoor Urban Farming B.V., The Netherlands, Galvis Viviana Correa , Flood Pádraic J. ,   Infarm - Indoor Urban Farming B.V., The Netherlands, Kalaitzoglou Pavlos ,   Infarm - Indoor Urban Farming B.V., The Netherlands
Published: September 2023

Plant production in plant factories with artificial lighting (PFAL) can be done continuously for similar crops regardless of location and climate, allowing interconnectivity of production worldwide. A combination of a PFAL modular system with data acquisition and analysis tools has the potential to improve crop production in PFALs. Using real time monitoring and AI driven adjustment of the growing environment can improve the resource use efficiency of PFALs worldwide. In this chapter we describe the main elements required to successfully build a global network of PFALs based on the experience of Infarm, a company that built the first world‘s cloud connected PFAL network.
Plant factories with artificial lighting (PFALs): Concluding remarks
Authors:   Japan Plant Factory Association, Japan, Hayashi Eri , Kozai Toyoki ,   Japan Plant Factory Association, Japan
Published: September 2023

As described throughout this book, plant factories with artificial lighting (PFALs) can contribute to solving global and local issues in: 1) food safety and security, 2) environmental recovery, improvement, and creation, 3) increasing demands for a higher quality of fresh, functional, pesticide-free foods, 4) reducing food mileage and food loss, and 5) quality of life. However, in practice, most existing PFALs have not yet achieved the potential that PFALs have. This chapter provides an overview of the challenges in sustainable PFALs both in food production and in achieving wider social goals.
Healthy lifestyle: Self-preserving behavior of students of the Central Federal District
Authors:   Yaroslavl State Pedagogical University n.a. K.D. Ushinsky, Vdovina Lyudmila N.
Published: September 2023

The article analyzes the level of self-preservation behavior and reveals the attitude of students of a number of universities of the Central Federal District to a healthy lifestyle. The author conducted a questionnaire and a series of in-depth interviews. It was found that girls are better informed than boys about the basic parameters of their health. Most of them, unlike young men, strive to follow a proper diet and eat healthy food every day. Girls, to a greater extent than boys, observe a normal healthy sleep regime, although insomnia is especially characteristic for students of technical universities, both girls and boys. It is determined that the causes of nervous breakdowns in girls are greater than in boys. They are more worried because of problems in personal relationships (unrequited love, etc.), as well as because of everyday troubles, educational and material difficulties. Unfortunately, it has been revealed that about one third of students, including medical university students, drink alcohol once a week. One fourth of the respondents drink alcohol 1–2 times a month, including medical students. According to the results of the study, the author comes to the conclusion that, in general, university students are mostly involved in physical activity, they are interested in sports. At the same time, girls, regardless of age and the material well-being of the family, take their health more seriously than boys, which is due to the peculiarities of their primary socialization. According to the results of the conducted research, the author suggests a number of measures for the development of self-preservation among students.
Non-institutional factors for forming public confidence in financial institutions in the Russian Federation
Authors:   Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Davydova Tatyana E. ,   Voronezh State Technical University, Smyslova Olga Yu. ,   Lipetsk Branch of Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Vishnyakova Alina I.
Published: September 2023

In the current conditions of heterogeneity and dynamics of the external environment, a person separately develops a certain degree of trust in it, which forms the strategy of his behavior. The degree of trust depends on institutional and non-institutional factors. The characteristics of these factors determine their significance in relation to the subjects of local or global interaction. In this article, we consider aspects of increasing the level of public confidence in financial institutions in the Russian Federation from the standpoint of the importance of non-institutional factors in developing the competitive advantages of financial institutions in the new reality. The study is based on the use of methods of structural and comparative analysis, rationale and interpretation, observation, formalization, expert assessments. In the course of the work, the analysis of scientific literature was carried out, the opinions of practitioners were studied, and the practical activities of individual financial institutions were studied. It was revealed that non-institutional factors of public confidence in financial institutions can be divided into general, presented in detail in the scientific literature (age, education, social status, type of activity, etc.), and specific, considered by researchers indirectly. Specific ones are presented by two groups of factors: considered in the scientific literature without regard to financial institutions (emotional intelligence, manipulative media content, etc.) and not considered by researchers, but designated by experts and taken into account by financial institutions (formation of an ecosystem, inclusive design, adherence to the principles of ESG, loyalty to the client environment, etc.). Within the framework of the developed classification, a substantiation of the prospects for the impact of the indicated factors in various horizons of planning the activity of financial institutions is given.