bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Trångboddhet i Malmö: En studie av trångboddhetens ojämlika utbredning och konsekvenser
Authors: Sandberg Matilda , Grander Martin
Published: October 2021

Denna rapport utgör slutresultatet av ett forskningsprojekt om trångboddhetens sociala konsekvenser i Malmö, ett projekt som bedrivits inom forskningsmiljön Studier i boende och välfärd vid Malmö universitet med delfinansiering från det kommunala bostadsbolaget MKB Fastighets AB under 2021. I projektet har en kombination av kvantitativa och kvalitativa metoder använts för att 1) kartlägga trångboddhetens utbredning i Malmö och 2) utforska trångboddhetens yttringar och sociala konsekvenser, med särskild fördjupning i de särskilt trångbodda delområdena Holma-Kroksbäck och Rosengård. Statistik över socioekonomiska förhållanden och trångboddhet (enligt norm 2 och 3) har analyserats och visualiserats genom GIS-analyser. Dessa analyser har följts upp med enkätundersökningar till boende, där de svarande bland annat själva fått uppge om de tycker att bostaden är tillräckligt stor eller inte. Intervjuer har gjorts med boende som både upplever sig vara trångbodda och är det enligt norm 2 och/eller 3. Enkät- och intervjumaterialet innefattar boende även i andra delar av staden, inte enbart i Holma-Kroksbäck och Rosengård. Dessutom har yrkesverksamma som möter trångbodda hushåll i sitt arbete intervjuats.
A Study of the Tofu Industry Environmental Impact Condition and Scenario Treatment Using Life Cycle Assessment Approach
Authors: Rahmalia Intan , Nisa Syifa Khairun , Palupi Vita , Putri Aninda , Suryawan I Wayan Koko
Published: October 2021

One of the types of tofu industries in Indonesia is that the small-scale tofu industry was located in the East Jombor, Ketapang Village, to be precise, on the Blorong River. The Simplified Tofu Industry, with a 1300 kg/day production capacity, produces liquid waste that is disposed of into the Blorong River with a BOD parameter of 2,726 mg/L, COD of 4,972 mg/L, and TSS of 388 mg/L.These values greatly exceed the quality standards based on the Regional Regulation of Central Java Province Number 10 of 2004 concerning Tofu Industry. The entry of these pollutants into the Blorong River, over time, can cause water bodies to become toxic and pollute the Blorong River. Therefore, one of the efforts to protect this river's environmental conditions is to increase the efficiency of the Wastewater treatment plant and substitute the determined fuel through alternative scenarios. In the MBBR scenario, substituting diesel fuel into biomass is a type of biodiesel. Biodiesel has an advantage for the fire tube boiler industry because it can reduce exhaust emissions compared to diesel. Meanwhile, the existing wastewater treatment is substituted for the MBBR unit. The choice of MBBR as a wastewater treatment unit is because it is economical, does not require large land, is simple in development design, and is accessible in operation and maintenance. In the second scenario (SBR), a transition of Diesel fuel to LPG. LPG as a fuel input in the cooking process will result in cleaner emissions, especially on the SO2 parameter, and better because it has a higher heating value than diesel, 47,3 Tj/Gg. Both scenarios are analyzed regarding the magnitude of the impact on the environment using the OpenLCA method. The resulting impact magnitude on the OpenLCA method from each alternative is evaluated to obtain the best scenario. In the Tofu Industry, the best design the resulting impact is smaller than the SBR alternative.
Quality of life of children hospitalized in the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Ferreira Esther , Menegussi Juliana , Bombarda Tatiana , Torcia Valeska , Silva Ingrid , Piovezan Stefhanie
Published: October 2021

OBJECTIVES: The COVID-19 pandemic led to sudden and challenging changes.In addition to new coronavirus hospitalizations, children continue to be hospitalized due to other causes, which demands enormous caution to reconcile preventive measures to reduce the spread of SARS-CoV-2 with actions to guarantee quality of life during hospitalization. METHODS: Aiming to offer quality of life for children hospitalized in the current pandemic, a literature review was carried out, with subsequent critical analysis, using databases and relevant descriptors, such as “quality of life”, “hospitalized child”, and “coronavirus infections”. RESULTS: The themes found were communication, reception, attention to the families needs, playing in the hospital and playful stimulation and continuation of the schooling process.Communication is anessentialskillto ensure humanizedand qualifiedcare practices, important for good adherence and response to treatment. As for the reception,theemotional,social,spiritual,and physical spheres must beconsidered. In order to providecomprehensivecare,itis essential to knowthechild’s familycontext. Playis oneof themain occupationsof thechild’scontext, being a way for the development of various capacities of adaptation, interaction, and a source of physical and emotional stability for children. Maintaining the schooling process can mitigate the significant losses that hospitalisolation brings. CONCLUSION: It is concluded that, in order to offer quality of life in the pediatric hospital context nowadays, one must have a holistic and interdisciplinary view.
Scientometric review of the scientific publications about COVID-19 in children
Authors: Barbosa Daniel , Brandelero Anne Caroline , Oliveira Vinícius , Santos Lucas , Araújo Alexandre , Oliveira Emilly , Souza Cristiane , Pinto Renata
Published: October 2021

OBJECTIVES: To perform a scientometric review of the world literature that is related to the infection of SARS-CoV-2 virus in the pediatric population. METHODS: The Elseviers Scopus database was used to the research of the keywords Covid* AND child*, in the period between 01/01 to 25/06/2020. The documents were classified according to the studies areas, types of research, financing, country of origin, periodic and institutional affiliation of the researchers. RESULTS: 826 documents were published, from which 34.5% had some kind of foment. Its observed the predominance of publications coming from countries that become the epicenters of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, highlighting China, United States, Italy, and United Kingdom. Brazil was in the tenth place on worldwide ranking with 26 publications, 26.9% from that having financing. The predominance of publications is in the medical area both in Brazil and in the world. CONCLUSION: The big amount of researches published about COVID-19 in children in the short period comprehended between the emergency of the pandemic and nowadays shows the fastness of knowledge generation and the importance of the theme to public health. The analysis of information about Brazil reveals that, even being the second country of cases and deaths, the country represents only 3.14% of the researches about COVID-19 in children, and assumes a leadership position of the scientific publications about the theme in Latin America.
The State(s) of Inequality: Changes in Income Distribution in the US States and the District of Columbia
Authors: Ballard Charles L. , Menchik Paul L. , Tan Lu
Published: October 2021

We study the changes in the distribution of household income from 1976 to 2008 in the 50 states of the United States and the District of Columbia, using annual data from the Current Population Survey. Most jurisdictions experienced an increase in household income inequality, although there are considerable differences in the precise patterns of disequalization. Many of the jurisdictions with the largest increases in inequality were in the Northeast, while many of the jurisdictions with small increases in inequality, or even small decreases, were in the South, the Plains, and the Mountains. In most jurisdictions, we document a pattern of divergence between the top and the middle of the income distribution, but we do not find a similar degree of divergence between the middle and bottom of the distribution. Thus, the increases in overall inequality in most jurisdictions were dominated by changes in the upper half of the income distribution.

Regression analysis indicates that an increase in the proportion of the population which is comprised of high-school graduates tends to be associated with a decrease in income inequality, while an increase in the proportion of people with education beyond a bachelor's degree tends to be associated with an increase in inequality. An increase in the unemployment rate tends to be associated with an increase in inequality, as does an increase in the proportion of families headed by a single parent. An increase in the percentage of income in the jurisdiction that comes from transfer payments tends to be associated with a reduction in income inequality, as does an increase in the percentage of the jurisdiction's economy in manufacturing. Jurisdictions that started with a higher level of inequality tended to have lower rates of inequality growth. Many of these jurisdictions had very low levels of high-school attainment at the beginning of the period but experienced relatively rapid increases in high-school attainment over the ensuing decades.
An Era of Darkness: Satyajit Ray’s Anticolonial Project
Authors:   University of North Bengal (India), Roy Binayak , Dwivedi Om Prakash ,   Bennet University (India)
Published: October 2021

Satyajit Ray’s films are enriched with ideological concerns and engage with the issues of colonialism and the crisis of nationhood. His post 1970 films present an artist’s anguished response to the betrayal of the Nehruvian dream and to the anachronism of his own cherished values. It was also in this period that Ray turned to India’s colonial past and critiqued the dynamics of power relations. This essay studies how Shatranj ke Khilari (The Chess Players, 1980) assesses the reasons for colonization of India and its culture by the Britishers and how, in Ashani Sanket (Distant Thunder, 1973), he criticized the Raj, the mercenaries and the complexities in Indian society where he denounces the Bengal Famine of former times.
Believe Me, Do not Believe Me: Jhumpa Lahiri and the Royal Family of Oudh
Authors:   University of Oviedo (España), Moreno-Álvarez Alejandra
Published: October 2021

In Interpreter of Maladies (1999) Jhumpa Lahiri gives voice to Boori Ma, a durwan (doorkeeper) who chronicles about the easier times she enjoyed before deportation to Kolkata (previously known as Calcutta, India) after Partition of 1947. Lahiri plays with the word real implying that Boori Ma’s stories could be deciphered as real or not. Boori Ma’s fictitious life resembles the one of the Royal Family of Oudh, which Lahiri seems to be inspired by. Foreign correspondents (Kaufman, 1981; Miles, 1985; Barry, 2019) did not question the veracity of this family’s life story. In the present article, the two stories are compared: a literary and a real one. It is our intention to prove that traumatic experiences, such as Partition, cause subjects to imagine an alternative life; strategy which is unconsciously activated to heal trauma (LaCapra, 1999; Mookerjea-Leonard, 2017). The latter is what western journalists and readers failed to acknowledge
India’s Indigenous Lear: Iyobinte Pusthakam
Authors:   Queen’s University (Northern Ireland), Buckley Thea
Published: October 2021

In his 2014 Malayalam-language film Iyobinte Pusthakam (The Book of Job), Amal Neerad combines this Biblical fable with The Brothers Karamazov and King Lear to illustrate generational tensions in a divided South Indian family on a colonial tea plantation. Patriarch Job perpetuates colonial evils, including anti-tribal pogroms and sandalwood smuggling. Here, Job disinherits his youngest son Aloshy (a conflated Edmund+Cordelia figure) upon discovering his Communist sympathies. Through such Shakespearean dilemmas, Neerad’s film raises ethical questions regarding caste, race, politics and environment. Ultimately, familial and societal transgressions reflect pivotal times of national division and transformation, during the era of India’s colonisation, Partition and Independence.
Those Who Have Loved Are Those that Have Found God: Queer Sikh Narratives in Sab Rab De Bande (We’re All God’s Creation) (2020)
Authors:   Universidade Estadual de Mato Grosso do Sul (Brasil), Ramos Regiane Corrêa de Oliveira , Adrián-Hernánde Jairo z ,   Universidad de La Laguna (España)
Published: October 2021

Religion and non-heterosexual and gender identifications have a complex relationship in most societies. The religious discourse in most communities condemns the LGBTIQ+ community and even deny them to access and practice their religious experiences/practices. In India, where religion and rituals are embedded in daily practices, religious identity can rarely be disassociated from other identities and added factor like caste and social class. India is if anything saturated with hundreds of religions which translates into multiple identities, sometimes overlapped and in confliction with each other. In this context, the purpose of this paper is to analyze the documentary Sab Rab De Bande (We’re all God’s Creation) (2020) produced and directed by Sukhdeep Singh to highlight the challenges that the queer Sikhs in India face when reconciling their religious identity with gender identities and sexual orientations. The corpus of this analysis sheds light on intersectionality, which allows us to see the collision of structures and the simultaneous interaction of identity avenues.
Gurinder Chadha’s Viceroy House (2017) and Other Evictions: Transnational Connections of Past and Present Crises in Cinema
Authors:   Universidad de Zaragoza (España), Oliete-Aldea Elena
Published: October 2021

Crisis is the word that seems to best characterize the twenty-first century conjuncture. The bleakness and instability of an uncertain and troubled present often encourages the proliferation of nostalgic images of past times, which become sweetened scenarios for escapist memories. On the other hand, the local and global current economic, social and political divisions have also brought to light the need to revisit certain aspects of the past from other perspectives. This is the case of Gurinder Chadha’s films, which frequently advocate for the crossing of cultural borders by showing the hybrid nature of communities and their heritage. Following Robert Stam’s cultural and filmic methodology which includes a transdisciplinary, transmediatic, transtextual, transregional, and transartistic approach (2019), I aim to analyze Chadha’s Viceroy’s House as a film that proposes a revision of India’s Partition while offering a critical transnational and intersectional connection of contemporary global and local scenarios.
Stereotypical Representation of a Female Politician in the Language Consciousness of Twitter Users
Authors: Tovkes M. Yu.
Published: October 2021

The study focuses on issues related to gender stereotypes of the blog community based on bloggers’ individual reactions and their impact on the perception of female politicians. The sample comprises tweets of the Russian- and English-speaking segments of this microblog, selected by keywords (based on the researcher’s view on the component structure of the thematic group «women in politics» and the representativeness of the sample) and collected with the help of the Python programming language. The classification of female politicians’ characteristics significant for users is made on the basis of feminine-masculine and psychophysiological criteria (according to E. G. Bakhteeva’s classification). The distribution of characteristics attributed to a female politician allows the researcher to determine which characteristics help women to fulfil their potential in politics or, on the contrary, hinder a successful political career. The results are interpreted in two aspects. On the one hand, from the point of view of the quantitative representation (percentage of characteristic groups), the field structure of the gender stereotype is compiled. On the other hand, in terms of qualitative indicator (content of characteristic’s groups, connotative components), the correlation of characteristics is identified and their visualization is performed with the help of Gephi software. As a result, the study builds models of a female-politician’s stereotypical image in the Russian- and English-speaking segments of Twitter and carries out their their comparative analysis. According to the first type of model, personal characteristics that may be inherent in both men and women are important for Russian- and English-speaking Twitter users, while typical masculine characteristics are the least relevant. For Russian-speaking users, high moral qualities are particularly relevant, while English-speaking bloggers appreciate high professional qualities. The graphs demonstrate that the language consciousness of the blog community tends to masculinize the stereotypical image of a female politician. Thus, a contradiction arises: bloggers explicitly acclaim the equal right for both men and women to fulfill their potential in politics, they recognize and accept the fact that women can be successful in the highest political positions and establishments and approve of the activity of particular women politicians. At the same time, traditional gender stereotypes, claiming that politics is a male sphere, implicitly retain their influence.
Commenting on Culture-Bound Elements in Fiction: Overcoming Social and Political Bias in M. Bulgakov’s “A Dog’s Heart”
Authors: Izvolenskaya A. S.
Published: October 2021

This paper is focused on the analysis of translator’s notes and commentary, represented by meta- and paratexts, as an integral part of translation process. These are essential to help the foreign reader overcome the cultural bias in general, guiding them through its intricate culture-bound elements, and the space and temporal distance separating them from the source text, in particular. Our source text is M. Bulgakov’s satirical novella “A Dog’s Heart” (translated also as “A Heart of a Dog”) written at the very beginning of the Soviet social project. As no piece of satire can be fully grasped - neither in source nor in target language - without making sense of the social conflict described in it, we view comprehension and explanation as the basis for cognition; they constitute two main working procedures of our approach. This means that our attention is focused on the way culture-bound words relating to the facts of social and political life appearing in this tale are conveyed in translations and interpreted in meta- and paratexts. So, author’s in-tention is deemed crucial in text interpretation. And the unity of explanation and understanding is considered to be the basis of academic knowledge To establish what metatext relating to Bulgakov’s story should be like in accordance with an academic approach, we’ve attempted to identify the presuppositions necessary for its adequate perception by the readership. To this end, we have studied the following metatexts: 1) J. Meek’s Introduction to Bromfield’s translation; 2) Bromfield’s A Note on the Text to his own translation (pub. by Penguin Books, 2007); 3) Introduction to M. Glenny’s translation by the Ukrainian writer A. Kurkov (pub. by Vintage Books, 2009); 4) Note by M. P. V. Salgado to the translation by A. Bouis (pub. by KARO, 2020). We also added our brief research-informed notes to some concepts of the novella English versions made by: M. Ginsburg (pub. by New-York Grove Press with no preface provided), Glenny, Bromfield and Bouis. Our major conclusion is that commenting on the translation should become more text-oriented to enhance its academic and didactic quality. More importantly, the paper is to exemplify the kind of methodology that should underlie the research leading to creation of helpful translator’s notes. Pertinent academic notes should help foreign reader to understand his or her bias and to discover the relevant cultural background of the text without which it would seem commonplace and unremarkable.
Hemşirelik Öğrencilerinde Narsistik Kişilik Eğilimleri
Authors: KAÇAN Havva , TEKELİ Nuray
Published: October 2021

Giriş: Kişilik yapısı, bireyin yaşam tarzını ve seçimlerini etkiler. Narsisistik kişiliğin bazı meslek gruplarında baskın olması tercih edilmez. Bu bilgiler doğrultusunda hasta bakımında ön planda olan hemşirelik öğrencilerinin narsisistik kişilik yapısı merak konusudur. Amaç: Hemşirelik bölümünde okuyan öğrencilerin narsistik düzeyi ve etkileyen değişkenleri incelemek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntem: Tanımlayıcı tipte planlanan çalışma bir devlet üniversitesinin hemşirelik bölümünde okuyan toplam 400 öğrenci ile yapılmıştır. Verilerin toplanmasında, öğrencileri tanımlayıcı sorular ile “Narsistik Kişilik Envanteri (NKE)” kullanılmıştır. Verilerin analizinde t-testi, Anova testi, sayı, yüzde, ortalama, standart sapma, Scheffe testi kullanılmıştır. Bulgular: Hemşirelik öğrencilerinin “narsistik kişilik” ortalaması 8.415±1.822’dir. Hemşirelik öğrencilerinin narsistik puan ortalamaları ile okudukları sınıf düzeyi karşılaştırıldığında anlamlı bir ilişkiye rastlanmıştır 1.sınıf olanların narsistik kişilik puanları (8.895±2.013), 3.sınıf (X= 8.222±1.549) ve 4.sınıf (X=8.078±1.751) olanların narsistik kişilik ortalamalarından yüksek bulunmuştur (p
SOFTWARE PHYSION: UMA APLICAÇÃO NO ENSINO DE FÍSICA
Authors: Silveira Bruno Giovanni Mendes da , Melo Junior Eloi Benicio de , Silva Marcelo Castanheira da
Published: October 2021

O presente artigo apresenta o software Physion e como este pode ser utilizado na formação de professores no Ensino de Física, no intuito de colaborar com o uso das Tecnologias Digitais da Informação e Comunicação (TDICs) na Educação Básica. A abordagem metodológica foi qualitativa e se baseou na aprendizagem significativa de Ausubel. A pesquisa foi feita em dois momentos, com 13 e 12 alunos, respectivamente, do curso de Licenciatura em Física. Um levantamento mostrou que a maioria dos participantes não tiveram acesso a softwares educacionais em sua trajetória pré-universitária, mesmo com algumas escolas dispondo de espaços apropriados, logo notou-se que é importante estimular o uso deles em cursos de formação de professores. Nesse sentido, o objetivo deste trabalho é identificar ou analisar as potencialidades do software Physion no Ensino de Física. Ao final da pesquisa, constatou-se que os licenciandos, mesmo com pouco tempo, aprenderam a utilizar a ferramenta e se dispuseram a aplicá-la no exercício da função. As principais contribuições deste trabalho são a apresentação para a comunidade do Physion como ferramenta educacional para o Ensino de Física, um exemplo de como explorar o potencial do software, a importância dele na formação docente e a motivação de uso das TDICs na Educação Básica.
Evaluation of cervical lymph nodes by ultrasound and its correlation with FNAC
Authors:   Assistant Professor, Department of Radiology, Mamata Academy of Medical Sciences, Bachupally, Telangana., Popuru Kalyan Sekhar
Published: October 2021

Background: The cervical/neck region has a rich network of strategically placed lymph nodes. These nodes can be involved in various diseases. Ultrasound examination of these nodes can yield useful information about the underlying pathologic processes. Aim of The Study: Evaluation of cervical lymph nodes by ultrasound and its correlation with FNAC. Materials and Methods: This was a prospective study done in the department of Radiodiagnosis at Mamata Academy of Medical Sciences, Bachupally, Hyderabad, Telangana, over a period of eight months. A total of 110 cases were studied. First ultrasound examination of the neck nodes was done followed by fine needle aspiration study. The borders of the nodes, echotexture, capsular and hilar vascularity were noted. The findings of the two modalities were correlated. Results: A total of 110 cases were studied with age ranging from 10 years to 70 years. The male to female ratio was 0.2:1. Most (77.2%) cases were diagnosed as reactive lymph nodes on ultrasound. Most of the reactive lymph nodes (70/85) had homogenous echotexture. Most of the reactive lymph nodes (65/85) had hilar vascularity whereas most of the malignant nodes (8/10) showed absence of hilar vascularity. There was good correlation between the ultrasound and FNAC diagnosis of cervical lymph nodes. Conclusion: Cervical lymphadenopathy is more common in the third to fifth decades of life. Reactive enlargement is more common than other etiologies. USG of cervical lymph nodes is a simple, noninvasive diagnostic technique useful for initial evaluation of the nodes and gives clues towards the possible etiology of the lymphadenopathy. For suspicious cases, an FNAC can be done and if the results are equivocal then biopsy procedure can be done for definite diagnosis.
Role of plain radiograph versus MRI in avascular necrosis of femoral head
Authors:   Assistant professor, Department of Radiology, Krishna University of Medical Science, Karad, Maharashtra, INDIA., Deshmukh Amit H
Published: October 2021

Background: Avascular necrosis of the femoral head (AVN) is an increasingly common cause of musculoskeletal disability, and it poses a major diagnostic and therapeutic challenge. Although patients are initially asymptomatic, AVN usually progresses to joint destruction, usually before the fifth decade. Aims and Objectives: To study role of plain radiograph versus MRI in Avascular Necrosis of Femoral head. Methodology: This was a cross-sectional study carried out in the patients clinically suspected of avascular necrosis of femur at tertiary health care centre during the one year period i.e. January 2018 to January 2019 during the one year period there were 37 patients suspected of avascular necrosis of Femur The sensitivity and specificity was calculated by ROC curves from the medcal software.Result: In our study we have seen that the sensitivity (Sn)and Specificity (Sp) for X-ray and MRI respectively for various stages was For STAGE Iwas34.29, 29.12and98.45,95.12 ;forSTAGE IIwas 75.12,68.23 and 99.17,98.27;forSTAGE III98.56,93.12and99.69,98.36;forSTAGE IV99.34,92.19and100,99.19 . Conclusion: It can be concluded from our study that in the early stages of disease MRI was highly sensitive and specific as compared to plain X-ray hence MRI should be preferred over the plain X-ray in the confirmation and early surgical intervention if any.
ABOUT THE NEW STAGE OF HIGHER SCHOOL DEVELOPMENT
Authors:   Timirâzevskaâ selʹskohozâjstvennaâ akademiâ, Galyamina I. G.
Published: October 2021

The article analyzes the development of higher education and substantiates the need for a new stage in development, associated with the demand for greater participation of employers in the formation of education and quality control of graduate training.
THE IMPORTANCE OF THE TOPIC "POLITICAL PARTIES AND PARTY SYSTEMS" IN THE COURSE OF POLITICAL SCIENCE
Authors:   Timirâzevskaâ selʹskohozâjstvennaâ akademiâ, Zalysin I. Yu.
Published: October 2021

The article is devoted to the methodology of studying the topic "Political parties and party systems" in the process of studying political science. Its place in the course structure, goals and tasks that need to be solved when considering this topic are shown. The emphasis is placed on the most important and most complex concepts that cause cognitive difficulties for students. Recommendations are given for the consideration of such issues as the history of the emergence of political parties, the functions of parties in modern conditions, the types of parties and party systems. Special attention is paid to the study of the features of the party system in Russia, which is of great practical importance, since it is associated with the real political process, the participation of students in elections as voters, etc. Methodological techniques for analyzing party programs, the place of various parties in the political landscape of the Russian Federation are considered.
PSYCHOLOGICAL AND PEDAGOGICAL ASPECTS OF TEACHING STUDENTS OF NONLINGUISTIC UNIVERSITIES TO AUDING
Authors:   Timirâzevskaâ selʹskohozâjstvennaâ akademiâ, Akimova I. N. , Akimova E. A. , Logacheva N. M.
Published: October 2021

Communication in any language involves first of all the formation of skills not only of speaking, but also of understanding speech by ear. Auding is a process of listening, recognition and understanding of a sounding speech. Auding is a receptive form of speech activity. The object of the audit is the other person's statement. The result of auding is an understanding or a misunderstanding of the statement. The auding process is directly dependent on the properties of the working memory, on the volume of the long-term memory, the ability of the trainee to predict and understand what is perceived, on the qualities of aural and logical memory. Control is needed in the formation of auding skills. The purpose of any control is to determine the level of formation of speech skills and how accurately and fully a particular audio text is heard by students. As one of the goals of teaching, auding is at the same time an important means of teaching. Auding promotes the mastery of verbal communication in a foreign language.
FEATURES OF CONSIDERATION OF CURRENT PROBLEMS OF URBAN HYDRAULIC
Authors:   Timirâzevskaâ selʹskohozâjstvennaâ akademiâ, Chernykh O.N. , Burlachenko V.A.
Published: October 2021

The article discusses some issues of training masters from China, emphasizes the need to consider in graduate works the problems of selection, design and arrangement of urban environmental hydraulic structures.
Profil Senyawa Bioaktif Ekstrak Kalus Biji Jeruk Purut (Citrus hystrix DC.) Pasca Induksi Metil Jasmonat
Authors: Husnah Yeni Avidhatul , Indrianto Ari , Tunjung Woro A.S
Published: October 2021

Kaffir lime (Citrus hystrix DC.) is an alternative source of potential and relatively safe anticancer compounds as it contains bioactive components. Previous study has shown that the extract of kaffir lime leaves contains terpenoids and potentially as anticancer. However, the content of bioactive compounds may vary due to environmental factors. Callus culture is an alternative method of induction of bioactive compound content with a controlled environment. Previous study has succeeded in inducing callus from kaffir lime seed explants produce the ideal callus with a crumb / friable texture. Methyl jasmonate is reported to induce the production of secondary metabolite compounds. Elicitation with methyl jasmonate is one of the strategy to increase terpenoids from cultured cells Objective of this study is anlyze the using of methyl jasmonate as elicitor.to increase bioactive compounds inkaffir lime cell suspension. Callus induced from seed explants age 40 days were transferred into liquid medium for the initiation of suspension culture. Subculture is done when the age of culture reaches 21 days then measured  thegrowth curve o f cell supension and concentration of sucrose in medium. After cells reached log phse in 12 days then be treated with methyl jasmonic for 8 days. The cell suspension then beextracted with ethyl acetate by maceration method. The content of bioactive compounds in the extract was anlyzed with GC-MS. Suspension of lime lime cells C. hystrix, without treatment yields fatty acid compounds. Bioactive compounds produced by suspended cell suspension after methyl jasmonate elicitation is germacrene A, myrcene, alpha-terpineol, geranyl acetate, trans-caryophyllene, delta-guaiene and several types of ester fatty acids.
Species Gastropoda di Rawa Nipah Korong Gantiang Tangah Padang Kecamatan Ulakan Tapakis Kabupaten Padang Pariaman
Authors: Yanti Febri , Marvina Rezha , Wahidi Ismed
Published: October 2021

Nypa sp. grouped into mangrove forest plants as habitat for the Gastropoda. Gastropoda in this region are taken indefinitely by the public for consumption andsale so that rhy can influence the presence of these animal species. Based on the problems raised, a study was conducted with the aim of finding out the species of Gastropoda found in Rawa Nipah and knowing the physical chemical factors of the water that can affect the life of a Gastropoda. This research was conducted in June 2019 using purposive sampling method. The result found 7 species of Gatropoda namely Vittina turrita I, Vittina turrita II, Neritodryas dubia, Nerita polita, Cerithidea cingulate, Cassidula aurisfelis, and Ellobium aurisjudae. The physical and chemical environmental factor of water in Rawa Nipah Korong Gantiang Tangah Padang still support the existence of Gastropoda.
DIETA COMO TRATAMENTO NÃO FARMACOLÓGICO DA HIPERTENSÃO ARTERIAL SISTÊMICA
Authors:   Centro Universitário Senac. Santo Amaro. São Paulo, SP, Brasil, Proença Vieira Lis , Duenhas Berger Ana Luíse ,   Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo. São Paulo, SP, Brasil,   Universidade de Mogi das Cruzes.  Mogi das Cruzes, SP, Brasil, Godoy Gowdak Marcia Maria ,   Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein.  São Paulo, SP, Brasil
Published: October 2021

A hipertensão é o principal fator de risco das doenças cardiovasculares e acomete cerca de 30% da população adulta, atingindo mais de 70% dos idosos no Brasil. Sabe-se que fatores genéticos, socioeconômicos e ambientais são determinantes da doença. Entre as causas ambientais da hipertensão estão excesso de peso, consumo elevado de sódio, dieta inadequada, tabagismo, sedentarismo e consumo elevado de bebidas alcoólicas. A literatura científica tem mostrado que a dieta tem impacto direto na hipertensão e atua tanto na prevenção quanto no controle da doença. Nos indivíduos hipertensos, a adoção de um padrão alimentar adequado associa-se à redução da dose diária das medicações usadas. Neste artigo, discutiremos as consequências de perda de peso, redução de sódio e adoção da dieta DASH no controle da pressão arterial. Neste contexto, serão abordados os mecanismos envolvidos no aumento da pressão arterial com o ganho de peso, seu impacto nos primeiros anos de vida, assim como as consequências das alterações da composição corporal no controle pressórico, a importância da restrição do sódio, a necessidade da reformulação de produtos industrializados e o novo sistema de rotulagem no Brasil como ferramenta de ajuda à população, além da influência da dieta DASH no controle da pressão arterial e risco de mortalidade
DESAFIOS ATUAIS NA CONDUTA CLÍNICA EM PACIENTES COM HIPERTENSÃO ARTERIAL SISTÊMICA – HAS
Authors:   Universidade de São Paulo.  Faculdade de Odontologia de  Bauru. Departamento de Cirurgia, Estomatologia, Patologia e Radiologia.  Bauru, SP, Brasil., D’Aquino Garcia Caminha Raquel , Tinoco José Endrigo ,   Universidade Estadual da  Paraíba.  Departamento de Cirurgia  Bucomaxilofacial da Universidade  Estadual da Paraíba, Paraíba, PB,  Brasil, Rodrigues Manzano Brena ,   Universidade de São Paulo.  Faculdade de Odontologia de  Bauru. Departamento de Cirurgia, Estomatologia, Patologia e Radiologia.  Bauru, SP, Brasil., Timerman Lilia ,   Instituto Dante Pazzanese de Cardiologia.  São Paulo,  SP, Brasil, Peres Colonello Gabriel ,   Universidade Paulista. Indianópolis,  SP, Brasil., Alves Levy Anderson Cesar ,   Departamento de Odontologia da Sociedade de Cardiologia do Estado de São Paulo (SOCESP). São Paulo,  SP, Brasil., Buhatem Medeiros Frederico ,   Departamento de Odontologia da Sociedade de Cardiologia do Estado de São Paulo (SOCESP). São Paulo,  SP, Brasil.,   Hospital Samaritano. São Paulo, SP, Brasil.
Published: October 2021

Introdução: A hipertensão arterial sistêmica (HAS) é uma doença crônica, geralmente silenciosa e de alta prevalência. O cirurgião-dentista (CD) tem papel importante no acompanhamento e detecção de HAS subdiagnosticada. Além disso, a realização de procedimentos odontológicos em pacientes hipertensos, gera diversas dúvidas quanto à conduta, principalmente relacionadas com o limiar de pressão arterial (PA) e complicações que possam surgir durante o atendimento. Objetivo: Descrever estratégias de conduta e intervenção durante o atendimento odontológico de pacientes com HAS. Metodologia: Foi realizada uma revisão integrativa por meio da busca nas bases de dados PUBMED/ MEDLINE®, SCOPUS® e Web of Science com os seguintes descritores, “Hypertension AND Dental care AND Oral health”. Foram incluídos os artigos que abordassem conduta odontológica em paciente com HAS, estivessem em inglês, disponíveis on-line e sem restrição de período. Resultados: Foram encontrados 570 artigos que, depois da aplicação dos critérios de inclusão e exclusão, resultaram em sete artigos para leitura de texto completo. Verificou-se que todos eles tinham origem nos Estados Unidos da América, sendo que seis estudos eram revisões. Conclusão: Os estudos mostraram que não há necessidade de suspender os procedimentos odontológicos em pacientes assintomáticos com PA abaixo de 180-110 mmHg. Entretanto, sempre é preciso avaliar o perfil de risco, a presença de sintomas cardiovasculares, a extensão do procedimento odontológico, a necessidade de protocolo de redução de ansiedade e considerar o risco e benefício da intervenção.
Results from a peer-based digital systems navigation intervention to increase HIV prevention and care behaviors of young trans women in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Authors: Wilson Erin C. , Jalil Emilia M. , Jalil Cristina M. , Castro Cristiane R. V. , Ferreira Ana Luiza N. , Martinez Nilo F. , Martinez Nilo F. , Moura Isabele , Oliveira Cleo , Bezerra Daniel , Netto Eduardo Carvalheira , Monteiro Laylla , Veloso Valdilea G. , Grinsztejn Beatriz
Published: October 2021

Background

This study aimed to determine the efficacy of an evidence-based peer and mHealth delivered systems navigation intervention for increasing human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) testing, pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) and HIV care behaviors among young trans women.

Methods

The “Brilhar e Transcender” (BeT) pilot study was conducted between 19 September 2019 and 26 November 2020 in a trans-affirming public health clinic in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Participants were recruited using convenience sampling through outreach and referral. Twenty-seven were screened for inclusion and 18 participants completed the study and were included in this analysis. Participants were recruited through community outreach. All participants identified as trans women, were aged 18-24 years old, lived in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, and were not on PrEP or not engaged in HIV care. Over the course of three months, participants developed a systems navigation plan and were engaged in three peer-navigator sessions, asynchronous digital interactions in between sessions, and received automated information they could use to address services access barriers. We measured HIV testing, PrEP use and HIV care outcomes. HIV care engagement included linkage to care, visit attendance, antiretroviral therapy use, and/or undetectable viral load for those living with HIV.

Results

All young trans women without HIV (n=13) were regularly tested for HIV and engaged in PrEP by the end of the intervention. All participants living with HIV (n=5) were engaged in HIV care, but one participant had a detectable viral load post intervention.

Conclusions

The BeT intervention demonstrated preliminary efficacy for improving HIV prevention and care behaviors among young trans women in a low- and middle-income country (LMIC) setting. A trial is planned for implementation to establish efficacy with a large sample of young trans women and a comparator group.
Using the workload indicators of staffing need method to determine the staffing requirements for primary healthcare service delivery in Nigeria
Authors: Okoroafor Sunny C. , Oaiya Agbonkhese I.
Published: October 2021

Background

Weak health governance mechanisms and inequitable distribution of health investments exist in Nigeria, and this is negatively affecting the health system, and health workforce availability and performance. This is evident at the primary level of care and necessitates the need to ensure that staffing levels are informed by workloads.

Methods

This study applied the workload indicators of staffing need (WISN) method to determine the staffing requirements for nurses, midwives, community health officers (CHO), community health extension workers (CHEWS), and junior community health extension workers (JCHEWS). It was conducted in 11 purposefully selected primary-level health facilities in two local government areas in Cross River State, Nigeria.

Results

Eighteen health service activities were identified for the primary level of care across the life course. Whilst nurses, midwives, CHO and CHEWS perform all the activities, the JCHEWS performed 10 of these functions. The staffing requirement findings for the facilities in Calabar Municipal indicated that there were staffing shortages for nurses and midwives in 4 of the 5 sampled facilities, three facilities had sufficient or excess numbers of CHO/CHEWS, and 4 facilities had sufficient or excess numbers of JCHEWS. In Calabar South local government area, the calculated requirement showed a cumulative shortage of 5 nurses/midwives and 26 CHO/CHEW, and appropriate staffing of JCHEWS in 4 facilities.

Conclusions

The results of this study illustrate the staffing needs of nurses, midwives, CHO, CHEWS and JCHEWS in the sampled facilities and indicate the need for using evidence for staffing decisions. This is pertinent considering it ultimately contribute to improvements in service delivery and health indices. The evidence from the application of the WISN tool and the scale-up of its application has the potential of contributing to the achievement of national goals as well as universal health coverage and sustainable development goals.
Psychosocial impacts of quarantine among survivors of the Nipah virus infection: a qualitative study
Authors: Radhakrishnan Chandni , Sankar Uma V. , Rajendran Vadukkoot R. , Devi Asha , Jayasree Vasudevan , Saritha Ragini L. , Beevi Ayshabeevi R. , Kumar Nochikattil Santhosh
Published: October 2021

Background

Quarantine is one of the best measures to prevent the community spread of any infectious diseases. The study focused on the psychosocial impacts of quarantine among the survivors of the highly fatal viral disease, Nipah virus infection (NiV), and their family members. Objective of the study was to examine the psychosocial impact of quarantine on NiV survivors and families being quarantined because of exposure to NiV infection.

Methods

We used qualitative in-depth interviews, Focus group discussions and Narratives of a participant observer to explore the psychosocial impacts of Quarantine during the NiV outbreak. We identified 2 major themes for doing the in-depth interview and focus group discussions: (i) quarantine experience, (ii) its impact on the family and social living and subject’s working environment.

Results

The identified major themes are the following, Stroke on the community structure, public mistrust, psychosocial sequelae experienced by the grass root level health care workers, stigma in the community and social percussions.

Conclusions

Quarantine measures were effective when controlling an infectious disease spread, but it imparts many long lasting consequences on the psychological and social wellbeing of the individual. Better understanding these consequences will help to plan interventions incorporating this knowledge in future outbreaks of similar types.
Increasing the demand for vaccination through mHealth in Quetta City, Balochistan in Pakistan
Authors: Khan Ejaz A , Panezai Muhammad I , Shahid Babar , Shahabuddin Asm , Akber Subhana
Published: October 2021

Background

Balochistan is the largest province of Pakistan by area, and the least developed. It suffers from several political, tribal and border conflicts. The distances to health facilities for the catchment population are long with limited accessibility. Immunization is one of the most cost-effective interventions to prevent deaths from vaccine preventable diseases (VPDs), especially in children. While Pakistan has an overall routine immunization coverage of 66 per cent for fully immunized children (FIC), coverage in the province of Balochistan is much lower at 29 per cent. This study aimed to assess the feasibility of introducing mHealth intervention using an artificial intelligence (AI) platform based on SMS (short-message service) and Interactive Voice Response (IVRs) to remind and persuade parents to get their children vaccinated.

Methods

We employed a mixed study design using both quantitative and qualitative approaches. Baseline data were collected from 1,600 eligible mothers/parents within the catchment areas of 75 basic health units (BHUs) in Quetta (provincial capital of Balochistan province), and the automated platform was instituted with SMS and IVRs from EPI (Expanded Programme on Immunization) Quetta. Daily reminders and IVRs were sent to the cell numbers in the database/records. Responses were noted on the AI platform. After a period of about two months, an end line survey of 1,203 participants was undertaken with a loss of 397 (25%) participants due to seasonal migration to warmer cities in Sindh province. For the qualitative part, three key informant interviews (KII) were conducted; two KIIs with Lady Health Supervisors and one KII with the WHO staff responsible for routine immunization. There were also three focus group discussions (FGDs).

Results

We found that the intervention was feasible as well as acceptable both at the community and programme management levels. The baseline indicators of immunization coverage improved significantly on end line survey (95% confidence interval, CI = 0.208-0.269; P<0.001).

Conclusions

Our study demonstrates the potential for mHealth and AI to improve childhood immunization and addresses equity in the least developed areas of this country. The replication of the strategy in subnational immunization programmes could decrease morbidity and mortality due to VPDs.
Telepsychiatry and Telepsychology: Possibilities and Limitations of Remote Work
Authors: Solokhina T. A. , Kuzminova M. V. , Mitikhin V. G.
Published: October 2021

Purpose: analysis of domestic and foreign literature on the possibilities, features, benefi ts and limitations of telepsychiatry/ telepsychology.Material and method: the keywords “telepsychiatry, telepsychology, remote psychiatric care, impact of pandemic on mental health, information technology in psychiatry” were used to select publications available in MEDLINE/PubMed, Scopus, Web of science, eLibrary, Google.Results: literature research has shown that telepsychiatry is a service-enhancing modality that promotes equitable access and high levels of patient satisfaction. The coronavirus pandemic has led to an inevitable increase in the use of this method in the provision of psychiatric as well as psychological services. Telepsychiatry has both clinical and non-clinical applications, e.g. in administration, training and research. A large body of evidence shows that telepsychiatric diagnostic assessments are reliable and that the clinical outcomes of telepsychiatric interventions are comparable to those of traditional treatment among various patient groups, irrespective of age, diagnosis and other variables. However, the evidence base for telepsychiatry/telepsychology is still relatively limited in many aspects of effectiveness, and is often complicated by methodological problems, including technological diffi culties, negative opinions and pessimistic perceptions among psychiatrists, and several legal, ethical and administrative barriers. These impede wide implementation of telepsychiatry and its integration into everyday medicine.Conclusion: further advances in remote technology and research will solve many of the problems of telepsychiatry, and its development is likely to consist in the application of telepsychiatry as an adjunct to conventional medicine, and in the development of hybrid models, incorporating both conventional and telepsychiatric forms of psychiatric and psychological care.