bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analysis of Microflora and Volatile Flavor Components in Traditional Gochujang with Different Concentrations of Salt during Fermentation
Authors: Byun Ock-Hee , Park Jung-Min , Park Young-Seo , Bai Dong-Hoon
Published: December 2014

Changes in microflora and volatile flavor components in traditional Gochujang with five different salt concentrations during the 10 month fermentation time were analyzed. The viable cell numbers of aerobic and halophile bacteria from all samples were determined to be in the range of 6-7 log CFU/g, which showed no significant change. A predominant species among aerobic and halophilic bacteria was identified as Bacillus subtilis, whereas a variety of species were identified in Gochujang with salt concentrations of 3 and 6%. The analysis of volatile flavor components in Gochujang during fermentation was conducted by SPME method. Esters and alcohols were identified as main aroma groups. Ethyl acetate among the ester group and ethanol among the alcohol group were found to be the major volatile flavor components in all types of Gochujang. 3-Methyl-1-butyl acetate among the ester group and acetic acid among the acid group were detected much more in Gochujang with salt concentrations of 3 and 6% as the fermentation stage continued. Meanwhile, 3-hydroxy-2-butanone among the ketone group was highly detected in Gochujang with salt concentrations of 10 and 15%.
Anti-obese and Antioxidant activities of Spica prunellae Extract in 3T3-L1 and HepG2 cells
Authors: Kim Nan-Seul , Shon Myung-Soo , Kim Gyo-Nam , Hwang Yong-Il
Published: December 2014

Spica prunellae has been used as a traditional medicine in Asian countries. In the present study, anti-obese and antioxidant activity of Prunellae spica ethanol extract (PSE) was investigated in 3T3-L1 and HepG2 cells. The 50 and 100 μg/mL of PSE treatment for 4 days (Day -2 to Day 2) dose dependently suppressed 3T3-L1 adipogenesis. We further examined the protective activity of PSE against ethanol-induced cell death. While 800 mM ethanol treatment for 24 h induced significant cell death, the PSE treatment significantly protected ethanol-induced cell death. In addition, the anti-oxidative activities of PSE to reduce the oxidative stress induced by AAPH or Cu2+ ions, which are important ROS to release peroxyl and hydroxyl radicals, were observed. These results provide scientific evidence for the development of functional foods using PSE which has anti-obese and antioxidant activities.
Characteristics of Logging Businesses that Harvest Biomass for Energy Production
Authors: Barrett Scott M. , Bolding M. Chad , Aust W. Michael , Munsell John F.
Published: December 2014

Utilization of biomass from logging residues for renewable energy production depends on forest harvesting businesses. As biomass markets emerge, businesses will need to adapt to meet operational requirements. Logging businesses that supplied biomass for energy production in Virginia were surveyed regarding operations and attitudes. Results show that businesses across a broad range of total production levels (150 to 6250 tons/wk) harvested biomass and roundwood using integrated harvesting operations with whole tree chippers. Businesses had produced biomass an average of 6.8 years. Sixty-one percent of operations utilized a single loader at the landing for processing roundwood and biomass. Biomass accounted for an average of 28 percent of each respondents total reported production and was often produced with relatively large (median = 600 horsepower) chippers with an average age of 12.5 years. Characteristics of operations where business owners agreed they profited from biomass production were compared with those that were neutral or disagreed. Business owners that agreed they profited had an average investment of $188,500 in biomass production equipment, versus $377,143 for the neutral/disagree group (P = 0.02). Respondents indicated they were more likely to begin harvesting biomass to satisfy landowners and diversify operations rather than in response to encouragement from consuming facilities. Most owners viewed biomass harvesting positively and plan to continue production in the future.
“Digital Blackwater”: The National Security Administration, Telecommunications Companies and State-Corporate Crime
Authors: Finley Laura , Esposito Luigi
Published: December 2014

This article examines the National Security Administration's (NSA) coupling with major telecommunications companies for mass surveillance of Americans' communications as a form of state-facilitated state-corporate crime. It addresses the ways that the US surveillance programmes are violating the right to privacy and are excessively secretive, in violation of international human rights laws. Furthermore, given that attacking and defaming whistleblowers is a hallmark of state-corporate crime, this article also examines the treatment of Edward Snowden, the contractor who leaked information about the NSA's programmes to news media. The article also addresses how this widespread and suspicionless spying is antithetical to democracy, undermining the rule of law and dissuading critical dialogue about public policy and national security. We conclude with an examination of why so many Americans are apathetic about these privacy violations, focusing on the consumerist ideology that promotes widespread acceptance of efforts that allegedly result in greater national security.
Bioinformatics for Clinical Next Generation Sequencing
Authors: Oliver Gavin R , Hart Steven N , Klee Eric W
Published: December 2014

BACKGROUND

Next generation sequencing (NGS)-based assays continue to redefine the field of genetic testing. Owing to the complexity of the data, bioinformatics has become a necessary component in any laboratory implementing a clinical NGS test.

CONTENT

The computational components of an NGS-based work flow can be conceptualized as primary, secondary, and tertiary analytics. Each of these components addresses a necessary step in the transformation of raw data into clinically actionable knowledge. Understanding the basic concepts of these analysis steps is important in assessing and addressing the informatics needs of a molecular diagnostics laboratory. Equally critical is a familiarity with the regulatory requirements addressing the bioinformatics analyses. These and other topics are covered in this review article.

Bioinformatics has become an important component in clinical laboratories generating, analyzing, maintaining, and interpreting data from molecular genetics testing. Given the rapid adoption of NGS-based clinical testing, service providers must develop informatics work flows that adhere to the rigor of clinical laboratory standards, yet are flexible to changes as the chemistry and software for analyzing sequencing data mature.
Basic Income and Negative Income Tax: A Comparison with a Simulation Model
Authors: Honkanen Pertti
Published: December 2014

An explicit unconditional basic income linked with a proportional tax rate and corresponding negative income tax schedule are generally thought to produce an equal distribution of incomes. They are so to say mathematically uniform systems. If we try to implement these schedules on an existing system of social transfers and taxes, the results may nevertheless be different. One problem is that taxes are generally calculated on yearly basis but social transfers are paid on monthly or even daily basis. There can be also other differences in the implementation. In this paper a simulation experiment with the Finnish tax and transfer system is presented. Two levels of basic income are defined: a normal basic income for adults over 18 years and a bit higher basic income (basic pension) for pensioners. Two alternative simulations are made: one corresponding to an unconditional basic income model and the other corresponding to the idea of negative income tax. Then the distributional effects and various transfer and income flows are studied.
Laboratory utilization improvement through a computer-aided algorithm developed with general practitioners
Authors: Salinas Maria , López-Garrigós Maite , Asencio Alberto , Leiva-Salinas Maria , Lugo Javier , Leiva-Salinas Carlos
Published: December 2014

One of the main duties of healthcare workers is to get an appropriate use of diagnostic and therapeutic tools. The aim of this study was to show how strategies can be designed and established in consensus with general practitioners (GPs) to reach an optimal laboratory test request.

The laboratory serves a population of approximately 235,000 inhabitants, including nine primary care centers. GPs could request every test in profiles and individually. In meetings between the laboratory and GPs our request patterns were compared to other geographic regions, and we investigated the appropriateness of test requesting. The group devised strategies that consisted of removing tests from profiles [aspartate aminotransferase (AST), γ-glutamyltranspeptidase (GGT) and phosphate], removing tests from GPs requests (iron and transferrin), substituting tests (IgA antigliadin antibody), and measuring total bilirubin (tBil) only when the icteric index value was above 34.2 mmol/L (2 mg/dL). We analyzed every test request in the post- (years 2012–2013) and pre-intervention period (years 2010–2011), and the tBil measured in the post-intervention period. We studied if AST/alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and GGT/ALT achieved indicators targets and calculated the economic savings in the post-intervention period.

There was a significant drop in every test request in the post-intervention period. AST/ALT achieved the indicator target. GGT/ALT, never achieved the indicator goal. The strategies resulted in a savings of more than €34,000.

The strategies designed between the laboratory and the requesting clinicians and automatically established by using our laboratory information system were successful.
Sex and sex steroids: impact on the kinetics of fatty acids underlying body shape
Authors: Santosa Sylvia , Jensen Michael D.
Published: December 2014

Adult humans have a remarkable sexual dimorphism in body shape. Men tend to store relatively more fat in the upper body whereas women store more fat in the lower body. We do not have a complete understanding of the mechanisms underlying these differences, but we know that people who preferentially store abdominal fat are at greater risk of metabolic disease. It is also known that the changes in sex steroid concentrations during puberty and again with advancing age are accompanied by changes in body fat distribution. The objective of this review is to describe what has been learned regarding the mechanisms underlying changes in regional body fat distribution that occur as a result of changes in sex hormones and to delineate effects of sex steroids in modulating body composition.
Vitamin D-mediated apoptosis in cancer and obesity
Authors: Sergeev Igor N.
Published: December 2014

Low vitamin D status has been associated with increased risk of several cancers and obesity; concurrently, obesity and cancer have been linked to impaired vitamin D status. In both cancer and obesity, selective elimination of cancer cells and adipocytes can result in decreasing tumor size and a long-term reduction in adipose tissue mass. These effects can be achieved through induction of apoptotic cell death. The vitamin D-derived hormone 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25(OH)2D3) triggers apoptosis in epithelial cancer cells and mature adipocytes via induction of apoptotic Ca2+ signal – a sustained, prolonged increase in concentration of intracellular Ca2+. This Ca2+ signal functions as an apoptotic initiator that directly recruits apoptotic effectors, Ca2+-dependent proteases, in cancer cells and adipocytes. The 1,25(OH)2D3 – cellular Ca2+ – apoptosis link in cancer and obesity supports the rationale to include vitamin D compounds modulating intracellular Ca2+ and Ca2+-dependent apoptotic proteases as promising targets for discovery of new therapeutic and preventive agents for cancer and obesity. The concept of maintaining an increased vitamin D status for protecting against cancer and decreasing adiposity also warrants further evaluation.
Gemeinsam einsam: Phänomen Phubbing. Untersuchungen zur unangebrachten Smartphone-Nutzung im privaten und öffentlichen Miteinander
Authors: Klein Vanessa
Published: December 2014

Phubbing – das ist die unangebrachte Smartphone-Nutzung im privaten und öffentlichen Miteinander. Das Kofferwort aus den englischen Begriffen
Longitudinal changes in C-reactive protein, proform of eosinophil major basic protein, and pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A during weight changes in obese children
Authors: Lausten-Thomsen Ulrik , Gamborg Michael , Bøjsøe Christine , Hedley Paula L. , Hagen Christian Munch , Christiansen Michael , Holm Jens-Christian
Published: December 2014

Childhood obesity is associated with several complications, including cardiovascular comorbidity. Several biomarkers, such as high-sensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), proform of eosinophil major basic protein (Pro-MBP) and pregnancy associated plasma protein-A (PAPP-A), have equally been linked to increased cardiovascular susceptibility. This study investigates these biomarkers during weight loss and regain in obese children.

A longitudinal study during a 12-week weight loss program with a 28 months follow-up was conducted. Anthropometrics and plasma concentrations of hs-CRP, Pro-MBP, and PAPP-A were measured at baseline; at days 14, 33 and 82 during weight loss; and at months 10, 16, and 28 during follow-up.

Fifty-three boys and 62 girls aged 8–15 years with a median body mass index (BMI) standard deviation score (SDS) at baseline of 2.78 (boys), and 2.70 (girls) were included. Ninety children completed the weight loss program and 68 children entered the follow-up program. Pro-MBP and PAPP-A, but not hs-CRP, exhibited individual-specific levels (tracking) during weight loss and regain. The PAPP-A/Pro-MBP correlation was strong, whereas the hs-CRP/PAPP-A correlation was weak during weight fluctuations.

Hs-CRP changes reflect weight changes. PAPP-A and Pro-MBP exhibited tracking during weight perturbations and may contribute as early risk markers of cardiovascular susceptibility.
The Lost Children: When the Right to Children Conflicts with the Rights of Children
Authors: Laufer-Ukeles Pamela
Published: December 2014

In this essay, I consider the tension between the drive toward the use of assisted reproductive technologies (ART) and the state’s failure to protect interests of children born of ART. I ask the question whether ART should be regulated for the sake of future children’s interests. Taking a narrow view of rights, this essay argues that despite the considerable obstacles posed by Derek Parfit’s non-identity problem and the ambiguity surrounding how to optimize and identify what is “best” for children under the “best interests” standard, there are still basic civil rights of children born of ART that must be ensured in ART regulation. Therefore, regulation of ART for the sake of children is justifiable and necessary but in a limited manner. To demonstrate how conflict can arise between the use of ART and the basic rights of children born of ART I first turn to the example of Israel where the use of ART can affect the resulting child’s personal status, which can affect a person’s ability to marry. This tension is particularly stark in Israel, where procreative support from the state is extreme, and relatively easy fixes could relieve much of the problem. But, the same tension plays out in other nations in which the use of ART leads to the creation of children whose basic needs are not sufficiently addressed. In particular, I discuss the lack of access to health information from gamete donors in the U.S. and the failure to provide citizenship and legal parenthood to children born of international surrogates in a number of other countries. I argue that while procreation is a valid goal it cannot come at the cost of the social and basic civil rights of children. State policy and laws must ensure that children born of ART will be full citizens upon their birth. In sum, regulating ART can be justified for the sake of future children but I suggest that such regulation be drawn narrowly and only to ensure children’s basic civil rights.
A martingale approach to estimating confidence
band with censored data
Authors: Lee Seung-Hwan , Lee Eun-Joo
Published: December 2014

This paper develops some
non-parametric simultaneous confidence bands for survival function
when data are randomly censored on the right. To construct the
confidence bands, a computer-assisted method is utilized and this
approach requires no distributional assumptions, so the confidence
bands can be easily estimated. The procedures are based on the
integrated martingale whose distribution is approximated by a
Gaussian process. The supremum distribution of the Gaussian process
generated by simulation techniques leads to the construction of the
confidence bands. To improve the estimation procedures for the
finite sample sizes, the log-minus-log transformation is employed.
The proposed confidence bands are assessed using numerical
simulations and applied to a real-world data set regarding
leukemia.
Infamis etiam campio non esse potest. Kämpen in deutschen und italienischen Städten des Spätmittelalters zwischen Marginalität und Rechtspflege
Authors: Jaser Christian
Published: December 2014

Historical research on the complex legal and social roles of medieval mercenary champions hired as proxies to fight in judicial duels has long been dominated by simplistic categorisations and static repetitions of their reputed infamy. Concentrating on account books and statutes of late medieval German and Italian cities, this article seeks, in contrast, to reconstruct the dynamic institutionalisation and control of civic champions. Thereby, their ambiguous perception reveals a complex interplay between marginality, enhancement of their status as legal agents and a latent suspiciousness regarding their peculiar representational role.
Effect of gas counter pressure on the carbon fiber orientation and the associated electrical conductivities in injection molded polymer composites
Authors: Chen Shia-Chung , Chien Min-Yuan , Lin Su-Hsia , Chien Rean-Der , Lin Ming-Chung
Published: December 2014

Polymers filled with conducting fibers to provide electrical conductivity performance have received great attention due to the requirements of many engineering applications. In the present article, injection molding of acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS)/carbon-fiber composites using applied gas counter pressure (GCP) was conducted and the overall fiber orientation and associated through-plane electrical conductivity (TPEC) of each layer (core, shear and skin layers) and various locations (far gate, center and near gate) were characterized. Results show that GCP had significant effects on the fiber orientation and skin layer thickness, resulting in decreases in the fiber orientation level (FOL) value in all locations and TPEC increases with increasing GCP in the core region of the molded composites (improvement of 62% when 100 bar GCP was applied). However, the effect of increased skin layer thickness in reducing TPEC was stronger than the effect of decreased FOL in raising TPEC when GCP was applied. This resulted in the overall TPEC falling slightly with increasing GCP. The results also show that the electrical conductivity followed the sequence of far gate>center>near gate and the FOL followed the order of core layer<shear layer<skin layer. The results obtained in this investigation reveal the potential application of GCP technology associated with mold temperature control in injection molding to manufacture products with enhanced electrical conductivity in the future.
Distinct pathways of cholesterol biosynthesis impact on insulin secretion
Authors: Zúñiga-Hertz Juan P , Rebelato Eduardo , Kassan Adam , Khalifa Abdelrahman M , Ali Sameh S , Patel Hemal H , Abdulkader Fernando
Published: December 2014

Results from previous investigations have indicated that glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) is affected by changes in cholesterol and its intermediates, but the precise link between secretion and cholesterol has not been thoroughly investigated. In this study, we show the contribution of both protein isoprenylation and cholesterol-dependent plasma membrane structural integrity to insulin secretion in INS-1E cells and mouse islets. Acute (2 h) inhibition of hydroxyl-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase by simvastatin (SIM) resulted in inhibition of GSIS without reduction in total cellular cholesterol content. This effect was prevented by cell loading with the isoprenyl molecule geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate. Chronic (24 h) inhibition of cholesterol biosynthesis resulted in inhibition of GSIS with a significant reduction in total cellular cholesterol content, which was also observed after the inhibition of cholesterol biosynthesis downstream of isoprenoid formation. Electron paramagnetic resonance analyses of INS-1E cells showed that the SIM-induced reduction in cholesterol increased plasma membrane fluidity. Thus, the blockade of cholesterol biosynthesis resulted in the reduction of availability of isoprenoids, followed by a reduction in the total cholesterol content associated with an increase in plasma membrane fluidity. Herein, we show the different contributions of cholesterol biosynthesis to GSIS, and propose that isoprenoid molecules and cholesterol-dependent signaling are dual regulators of proper β-cell function.
Should We Tell Parents When We’ve Made an Error?
Authors: Bell Sigall K. , Mann Keith J. , Truog Robert , Lantos John D.
Published: December 2014

One of the most difficult experiences for any doctor or nurse is when they realize that they have made a mistake that has harmed a patient. In the past, mistakes were seldom disclosed to patients. The prevailing ethos was one of professional silence, secrecy, and shame. That has begun to change. Many professional organizations in both medicine and health law recommend full disclosure of mistakes and apologies for the harm that is caused. An atmosphere of openness and honesty leads to a culture of quality and safety. In this Ethics Rounds, we analyze the complex emotional and ethical issues that arise when doctors recognize that an error has occurred.
Stress analysis of ceramic coatings under spherical indentation: Influence of a metallic interlayer
Authors: Quy Le Minh , Thinh Tran Ich
Published: December 2014

Spherical indentation problems of ceramic coatings/metallic interlayer/ductile substrate were investigated numerically by axisymmetric FEA for two typical ceramic coatings with relatively high and low elastic modulus deposited on aluminum alloy and carbon steel. Various indenter radius-coating thickness ratios and interlayer thickness-coating thickness ratios were used in the modeling. Radial stress distributions were discussed in connection with model parameters. The results showed that the suitable metallic interlayer could improve resistance of ceramic coating systems through reducing the peak tensile radial stress on the surface and interface of ceramic coatings.
Non-linear analysis of laminated composite doubly curved shallow shells
Authors: Bich Dao Huy
Published: December 2014

This paper deals with governing equations and approximate analytical solutions based on some wellknown assumptions to the non-linear buckling and vibration problems of laminated composite doubly curved shallow shells. Obtained results will be presented by analytical expressions of the lower critical load, the postbuckling load-deflection curve and the fundamental frequency of non-linear free vibration of the shell.
Numerical simulation of cavitating two-phase gas-liquid three-dimensional flow in a duct of varying cross-section based on homogenous mixture model
Authors: Duc Nguyen The
Published: December 2014

The paper presents a numerical method to simulate two-phase turbulent cavitating flows in ducts of varying cross-section usually faced in engineering. The method is based on solution of two-phase Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes equations of two-phase mixture. The numerical method uses artificial compressibility algorithm extended to unsteady flows with dual-time technique. The discreted method employs an implicit, characteristic-based upwind differencing scheme in the curvilinear grid systems. Numerical simulation of an unsteady three-dimensional two-phase cavitating flow in a duct of varying cross-section with available experiment was performed. The unsteady important characteristics of the unsteady flow can be observed in results of numerical simulation. Comparison of predicted results with experimental data for time-averaged velocity and phase fraction are provided.
Vibration frequency of prestress slender beams resting on Winkler elastic foundation
Authors: Kien Nguyen Dinh
Published: December 2014

The present paper investigates the vibration frequency of slender beams prestressing by axial force and resting on an elastic Winkler foundation by the finite element method. A beam element taking the effects of both the prestress and foundation support into account is formulated using the expression of strain energy. Using the developed element, the natural frequencies of beams having various boundary conditions are computed for different values of the axial force and foundation stiffness. The influence of the axial force and the foundation stiffness on the frequency of the beams is investigated. The effect of partial support by the foundation and the type of mass matrices on the vibration frequency of the beam is also studied and highlighted.
Prediction of delamination strength at interface between thin film and substrate by cohesive zone model
Authors: Truong Do Van , Hirakata Hiroyuku , Katamura Takayuki
Published: December 2014

An electronic device consists of multi-layered submicron-thick films, and delamination often takes place at an interface edge because of the stress singularity near the edge. Since the stress singularity at an interface edge depends on the edge shape, the fracture mechanics concept cannot be used to compare the delamination strength between the components with different shapes. This paper aims to predict the delamination strength at the interface edge with arbitrary shape using a cohesive zone model. Two different experiments are conducted for a gold thin film on a silicon substrate to calibrate the cohesive law. The validity of the approach is then discussed.
Method of transmission matrix for investigating planar relative motions
Authors: Sanh Do , Khoa Do Dang
Published: December 2014

In the paper [2] the method of transmission matrix applying for the case of a loop with turning pairs investigated. In the present paper the kinematics of a loop connected by composite joints, i.e. the one of revolute-translational joints are discussed now. By means of proposed method the planar motion of rigid bodies is presented by a point of general view.Especially, the introduced method allows to apply effectively universal software, for example, MATCAD, MAPLE, ... for investigating complex mechanical systems.
Nonlinear vibration of a pendulum with a support in harmonic motion
Authors: Dao Nguyen Van
Published: December 2014

The nonlinear vibration of a pendulum whose support undergoes arbitrary rectilinear harmonic motion is studied. The main attention is paid to the resonant cases and the stationary vibrations. The resonant conditions are explained. The amplitude-frequency curves are plotted for various values of parameters and the stability of vibration is investigated. The rotating motion of the pendulum and its stability are also considered.
Investigation of high order stochastic differential equations using averaging method
Authors: Anh Nguyen Dong , Hue Ngo Thi Hong
Published: December 2014

The averaging method is a useful tool for investigating both deterministic and stochastic quasilinear system. In the stochastic problems, however, the method has often been developed only for mechanical systems subjected to white noise excitations.In the paper this method is applied to high order stochastic differential equations. The nonlinear oscillations in high order deterministic differential equations were investigated in the fundamental work of Prof. Nguyen Van Dao. As an application of high order stochastic differential equations the nonlinear oscillation of single degree of freedom systems subjected to the excitation of a class of colored noises is outlined. The results obtained show that the higher order averaging method can also be successfully extended to the cases of colored noise excitation.
Some hydrodynamic problems for flood forecasting and flood control in the Red river system
Authors: Diep Nguyen Van
Published: December 2014

My research & development activity in the field of environmental & natural fluid mechanics has been started after one year's working visit, proposed by Prof. Nguyen Van Dao, at the Laboratoire National d'Hydraulique de France in Chatou, France (1979-1980). Until now this activity is still a most important one.In the paper it is presented some selected scientific results in one of hydrodynamic problems for flood forecasting and flood control: developing of the 1D hydraulic model, 1D & quasi 2D model, 1D hydraulic model for dam break flow , 2D hydraulic model, coupling of 1D and 2D hydraulic models and some theirs applications for flood forecasting and flood control in the Red River System.This paper is dedicated to the memory of Prof. Nguyen Van Dao, with whom I had a big chance to work and to collaborate during about 30 years, to whom I would like to express my heartfelt thanks.
On the transition from regular to chaotic behaviors in the two degrees of freedom dynamical system
Authors: Khang Nguyen Van , Duong Nguyen Hoang
Published: December 2014

The main objective of the present paper is to study the transition from periodic regular mot ion to chaos in a two degrees of freedom dynamical system by changing control parameters. The nonlinear differential equations governing motion of the system are derived from the Lagrange equations. By use of the Poincare map, the dynamical behavior is identified based on numerical solutions of the ordinary differential equations. The Lyapunov exponent and the frequency spectrum are calculated to identify chaos. From numerical simulations, it is indicated that the periodic, quasi-periodic and chaotic motions occur in the considered system.
Turbulent flows in channels and pipes
Authors: Chau Khanh Le
Published: December 2014

A variational principle for channel and pipe flows of incompressible viscous fluid is proposed. For low Reynolds numbers this variational principle reduces to the principle of minimum dissipation. For high Reynolds numbers it enables one to calculate the velocity profiles and the corresponding friction factors with reasonably good accuracy.
Finite element model and experimental studies on rubber-cord composite
Authors: Nam Tran Huu
Published: December 2014

The rubber-cord composite (CRC) which is created of rubber matrix reinforced with textile cords is used for many applications such as pneumatic membranes, automobile tires, pneumatic air-springs, hydraulic hoses and many others. The CRC is characterized by strongly anisotropic material behaviour and can simultaneously undergo large elastic deformations. In this paper a finite element (FE) model was developed and applied to study the mechanical responses of CRC. This model consists of 8-node hexahedral brick elements describing rubber matrix and 3-D spar elements for modeling of textile cords. The experimental studies in uniaxial and cyclic tension were performed. The material constants of textile cords were fitted to experimentally measured data by approach technique using linear and bilinear elastic models. The simulations of uniaxial tensile tests using proposed FE model were carried out. The numerical results of simulations were compared to experimental ones in order to verify the accurateness of the FE model. The obtained results indicated that the proposed FE model can be applied for the modeling and simulation of mechanical behaviour of CRC.
The analysis of composite beams with partial interaction using the general technique method
Authors: Chung Nguyen Van , Thanh Bui Cong
Published: December 2014

This paper presents a modeling technique that derives from the work of Newmark to describe the behavior of steel-concrete composite beams with elastic shear connection. The model is used to derive expressions for beam curvature, rotation and deflection under monotonic load from which the stiffness matrix is derived and finite element analysis performed on a set of illustrative examples. Model results are compared to those obtained using other method.
Comparison of two hydrological model simulations using NAM and XINANJIANG for Nong Son catchment
Authors: Nghi Vu Van , Lam Dang Thanh , Dung Do Duc
Published: December 2014

The study presents the hydrological simulations for the Nong Son catchment, a drainage area of the Vu Gia-Thu Bon basin in the Central Vietnam, by using the NAM and XINANJIANG models. Simulation results for both models show good agreement between calculated and observed discharges at the stream gauge. The overall water balance error is less than ±10%, Nash-Sut cliffe efficiency \(R^2\)  above 0.85, and Pearson correlation coefficient \(r\) above 0.92 in both model calibration and verification period. Although NAM's performance shows a slightly better correspondence between the discharges at the stream gauge, the XINANJIANG model shows a relatively better reproduction of the runoff components (i.e. overland flow, interflow and baseflow).
Kinematics of a rigid about a fixed point
Authors: Sanh Do , Khoa Do Dang
Published: December 2014

This paper employs transmission matrices to investigate the motion of a rigid body about a fixed point. Formulas to calculate coordinates, velocities, and the accelerations of points on the body are presented. The method separates generalized velocities and accelerations making it particularly useful to the study of a wide range of problems in dynamics such as, for example, the calculation of the inertia matrix.
Shakedown and collapse of elastic-plastic structures under variable and cyclic loads
Authors: Chinh Pham Duc
Published: December 2014

The paper presents an introduction to the results obtained mainly by the author in shakedown analysis of elastic plastic structures, with the shakedown theorems for elastic plastic kinematic hardening materials playing the central role. Some illustrative examples of application are given.
Dynamic absorber for ropeway gondola using Coriolis force
Authors: Matsuhisa Hiroshi , Yasuda Masashi
Published: December 2014

Wind-induced swinging of ropeway gondola can be reduced using dynamic absorbers. To maximize the performance of conventional dynamic absorbers, their location should be as high as possible. However, absorbers can not be installed at high positions due to interference issues with structures such as towers and stations. To address this problem, a new type of dynamic absorber that moves vertically is proposed. This absorber is composed of a mass supported by a spring. The mass moves in the radius direction (up and down) and it induces Coriolis force in the circumference direction to prevent the swing of gondola. If the natural frequency of the absorber is tuned to twice that of the gondola, the absorber moves spontaneously with a large amplitude due the resonance. This absorber is more effective when it is located at lower positions. The experiment with a small model and an actual gondola for 10 passengers were carried out and the results agreed well with the theoretical predictions.
A \(C^1\) bending element for composite plates based on a high-order shear deformation theory
Authors: Thinh Tran Ich , Khoa Ngo Nhu , Dung Do Tien
Published: December 2014

A new \(C^1\) rectangular element is proposed and the finite element formulation based on Reddy’s higher-order shear deformation plate theory is developed. Although the plate theory is quite attractive but it could not be exploited as expected in finite-element analysis. This is due to the difficulties associated with satisfaction of inter-elemental continuity requirement and satisfy zero shear stress boundary conditions of the plate theory. In this paper, the proposed element is developed where Reddy’s plate theory is successfully implemented. It has nine nodes and each node contains 7 degrees of freedom. The performance of the element is tested with different numerical examples, which show its precision and range of applicability.
Improved approximations for the Rayleigh wave velocity in [-1, 0.5]
Authors: Vinh Pham Chi , Malischewsky Peter G.
Published: December 2014

In the present paper we derive improved approximations for the Rayleigh wave velocity in the interval \(\nu  \in \) [−1, 0.5] using the method of least squares. In particular: (i) We create approximate polynomials of order 4, 5, 6 whose maximum percentage errors are 0.035 %, 0.015 %, 0.0083 %, respectively. (2i) Improved approximations in the form of the inverse of polynomials of order 3, 5 are also established. They are approximations with very high accuracy. (3i) By using the best approximate second-order polynomial of the cubic power in the space \(C\)[0.474572, 0.912622], we derive an approximation that is the best, so far, of the approximations obtained by approximating the secular equation.
Non-linear buckling analysis of functionally graded shallow spherical shells
Authors: Bich Dao Huy
Published: December 2014

In the present paper the non-linear buckling analysis of functionally graded spherical shells subjected to external pressure is investigated. The material properties are graded in the thickness direction according to the power-law distribution in terms of volume fractions of the constituents of the material. In the formulation of governing equations geometric non-linearity in all strain-displacement relations of the shell is considered. Using Bubnov-Galerkin's method to solve the problem an approximated analytical expression of non-linear buckling loads of functionally graded spherical shells is obtained, that allows easily to investigate stability behaviors of the shell.
Transverse vibration of orthotropic rectangular plates under moving bodies
Authors: Khang Nguyen Van , Phuong Nguyen Minh
Published: December 2014

The use of orthotropic plates is common in all the fields of structural engineering: civil, traffic, aerospace and naval. In this paper the transverse vibration of orthotropic rectangular plates under moving bodies is investigated. The method of substructures is used to derive transverse vibration equations of an orthotropic rectangular plate under the action of moving bodies. For the calculation of dynamic response of orthotropic rectangular plate we use Ritz method and numerical integration method.
An enforced essential boundary condition by penalty method in the element-free Galerkin (EFG) methods
Authors: Son Nguyen Hoai
Published: December 2014

A meshless approach to the analysis of two-dimensional elasticity problems by the Element-Free Galerkin (EFG) method is presented. This method is based on moving least squares approximant (MLS). The unknown function of displacement \(u(x)\) is approximated by moving least square approximants \(u^h (x)\). These approximants are constructed by using a weight function, a monomial basis function and a set of nonconstant coefficients. A subdivision similar to finite element method is used to provide a background mesh for numerical integration. The essential boundary conditions are enforced by Penalty Method. The results are obtained for a two-dimensional problem using different EFG weight functions and compared with the results of finite element method and exact methods.
Dual integrals in non-linear fracture mechanics
Authors: Stolz Claude
Published: December 2014

We propose a dual approach in fracture mechanics based on complementary energy. The analysis of the dissipation shows that the thermodynamical force associated with the evolution of a crack is an energy release rate, form of which depends on the presence or not of mechanical discontinuities. This energy release rate is given as an integral based on free or complementary energy. We analyse the invariance of such integrals and we discuss the obtained results in elastoplasticity.
Data completion for linear symmetric operators as a Cauchy problem: An efficient method via energy-like error minimization
Authors: Baranger Thouraya N. , Andrieux Stéphane
Published: December 2014

Data completion is a problem in which known or measured superabundant data exist for part of the boundaries of a domain, whereas the data for the rest of the boundaries are unknown. Thus the aim is to determine the solution of a known PDE defined throughout the domain, which satisfies the superabundant data and then identifies the missing ones. For linear symmetric operators, we propose a general method to solve the data completion problem as a Cauchy problem. Various applications are described for stationary conduction and elastostatic problems.
Phase change with voids and bubbles
Authors: Ascione Francesco , Frémond Michel
Published: December 2014

We investigate phase transition at the macroscopic level. The main novelty of our approach is the possibility of having voids during the phase change. This aspect is described in the model by the mass balance equation which results in a pressure which has a paramount importance. The state variables are the temperature, the strain tensor, and the volume fractions of the two phases (whose evolutions are described by a vectorial equation coming from the principle of virtual power and related to microscopic motion responsible for the phase change). The theory accounts for the main physical phenomenons, for instance, for the cavitation phenomenon and for pressure dependance of the phase change temperature. The scope of the predictive theory is illustrated with uni-dimensional examples.
Spectral analysis of multiple cracked beam subjected to moving load
Authors: Khiem N. T. , Hang P. T.
Published: December 2014

In present paper, the spectral approach is proposed for analysis of multiple cracked beam subjected to general moving load that allows us to obtain explicitly dynamic response of the beam in frequency domain. The obtained frequency response is straightforward to calculate time history response by using the FFT algorithm and provides a novel tool to investigate effect of position and depth of multiple cracks on the dynamic response. The analysis is important to develop the spectral method for identification of multiple cracked beam by using its response to moving load. The theoretical development is illustrated and validated by numerical case study.
An analytical approach to analyze nonlinear dynamic response of eccentrically stiffened functionally graded circular cylindrical shells subjected to time dependent axial compression and external pressure. Part 2: Numerical results and discussion
Authors: Dung Dao Van , Nam Vu Hoai
Published: December 2014

Based on the classical thin shell theory with the geometrical nonlinearity in von Karman-Donnell sense, the smeared stiffener technique, Galerkin method and an approximate three-term solution of deflection taking into account the nonlinear buckling shape is chosen, the governing nonlinear dynamic equations of eccentrically stiffened functionally graded circular cylindrical shells subjected to time dependent axial compression and external pressure is established in part 1. In this study, the nonlinear dynamic responses are obtained by fourth order Runge-Kutta method and the nonlinear dynamic buckling behavior of stiffened functionally graded shells under linear-time loading is determined by according to Budiansky-Roth criterion. Numerical results are investigated to reveal effects of stiffener, input factors on the vibration and nonlinear dynamic buckling loads of stiffened functionally graded circular cylindrical shells.
A weighted dual criterion for stochastic equivalent linearization method
Authors: Anh N. D. , Linh N. N.
Published: December 2014

A weighted dual mean square criterion for stochastic equivalent linearization method is considered in which the forward and backward replacements are weighted. The normalized weighting coefficient is suggested as a piecewise linear function of the squared correlation coefficient and is defined by the least square method based on the data of Lutes-Sarkani oscillator. The application to two typical nonlinear systems subjected to random excitation shows accurate approximations when the nonlinearity varies from the weak to strong levels.
Incidencia Del Liderazgo En Los Factores Críticos Del Éxito Como Estrategia Competitiva Empresarial
Authors: Gil Osorio Ivonne María , Ibarra Lopesierra Sait
Published: December 2014

En las organizaciones, en el mundo cambiante de la globalización requieren, para ser exitosas en el mercado,de liderazgo expresado como factores críticos del éxito, que se expresan en la influencia en el entorno. Estos determinan que clases de estrategias competitivas planificar, con el propósito de permanecer y sobresalir. Esteartículo reflexiona sobre este tema desde la perspectiva interpretativa, bajo enfoques positivista, con el uso del método hermenéutico en contexto teórico y documental. Se plantea en la reflexión final como el liderazgo y losfactores críticos del éxito en las organizaciones juegan un papel fundamental, siendo este enfoque empresarial una herramienta dinámica en las estrategias de competitividad.
Estudio Del Contexto En La Planificación De Las Organizaciones Sociales De Educación Superior Del Sector Público
Authors: Mendivil Zúñiga Tulio Nel
Published: December 2014

El presente artículo es producto de la reflexión sobre una propuesta investigativa acerca del diseño de la etapade planificación del proceso de gestión administrativa de las organizaciones sociales de educación superiordel sector público, donde se hace una revisión teórica de la planificación como fase inicial del proceso administrativoy del contexto sociocultural. El objetivo del este artículo es proponer que para establecer la etapa deplanificación del proceso administrativo se lleva a cabo primeramente un estudio del contexto social, económico,empresarial, productivo. Es así, que se propone que las instituciones de educación superior del sector públicode la Cuenca Grande del Caribe realicen estudios del contexto para aprovechar las oportunidades, recursos,condiciones y características de sus entornos, y no aplicar modelos administrativos de diseños extranjeros deotras latitudes que nada tienen que ver con nuestras realidades. Esto permite mirar que en esta zona se tienencondiciones y características comunes por ser caribes.
Wybrane własności kurtozy wektora losowego
Authors: Budny Katarzyna
Published: December 2014

The paper is a continuation of a discussion of the kurtosis of a random vector. Multivariate kurtosis is defined as the fourth central moment divided by the square of the variance of a random vector. This term is built on the definition of the power of a random vector proposed by J. Tatar. The paper presents selected, essential properties of multivariate kurtosis - among other things the invariance property under a number of affine transformations. Besides that, the relation between kurtosis of the random vector and its skewness is fixed. In view of these properties, the fourth central moment divided by the square of the variance of a random vector may be regarded as a satisfactory measure of multivariate kurtosis.
Metody pomiaru jakości kształcenia na uczelniach wyższych
Authors: Targaszewska Marta
Published: December 2014

The aim of this article is to present marketing methods of measuring the quality of higher education. The article consists of two parts. The first concerns theoretical issues about quality and quality service of higher education. The second presents two methods of measuring quality service in higher education (SERVQUAL, IPA).