bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Commercial automated scRNA-seq workflow v1
Authors: Pipelines R&D DNA , Ellis Peter , Shirley Lesley
Published: October 2020

This SOP describes the procedure for plate based scRNA-seq performed with a commercial available kit from New England BioLabs. Following library construction, samples are pooled in equivolume and quantified, prior to sequencing on the Illumina HiSeq 4000 platform.
prime-seq v1
Authors: Janjic Aleksandar
Published: October 2020

prime-seq is a simple and open RNA-seq method, which can be easily established in most research labs or facilities. Based on two of the most sensitive single cell RNA-seq methods available, namely smart-seq2 and mcSCRB-seq (Picelli et al. 2013; Bagnoli et al. 2018), prime-seq is an adaptable, affordable, robust, and high-throughput option. Additionally, prime-seq can be used on a wide range of model organisms, from apes to zebrafish, and many in between.
Review of A. Ivanenko’s monograph «Local courts, advocacy and notaries in the occupation apparatus system of the Reich Commissariat «Ukraine» and the military occupation zone (1941–1944): social and legal dimensions: monograph. Chernihiv: Desna, 2020. – 486 pp.»
Authors: Salata Oksana
Published: October 2020

The author reviewed the monograph by A. O. Ivanenko «Local courts, advocacy and notaries in the occupation apparatus system of the Reich Commissariat «Ukraine» and the military occupation zone (1941–1944): social and legal dimensions». It is emphasized that the considerable efforts of the author were focused on the study of establishing a legal framework for criminal offenses, on legal regulation of local population civil and family relationships; on the work of local civil and criminal courts, notaries and advocacies; on finding out the opportunities of the local population for the judicial protection of civil rights and interests; on the coverage of cooperation of judges, notaries and lawyers with the occupational authorities and the fate of legal professionals after the return of Soviet administration. The examples, cited by the author, testified that the courts, notaries, advocacies and their activities during the Nazi occupation cast doubt on the formed by Soviet historiography image of total despotism on ideological grounds and entire disenfranchisement of the local population. In general, A. Ivanenko’s monograph concentrates our attention on a barely known so far, but very significant everyday life aspect of Ukrainian population during the Nazi occupation. A. Ivanenko’s work contains valuable factual material and a number of theoretical judgments, formulated on its basis. It is a complete study of a complex scientific problem.
Complex Diagnosis in Surgical Treatment of Peripheral Nerves Injuries of the Extremities
Authors: Ninel’ V. G , Aitemirov Sh. M. , Korshunova G. A , Norkin I. A
Published: October 2020

The purpose of the work was to evaluate the role and potentialities of complex diagnosis in surgical treatment of peripheral nerve trunk injuries of the extremities. Complex examination including electroneuromyography, ultrasonography and contrast neurography was performed in 109 patients with injuries of peripheral nerves of the extremities. Examination results enabled to elaborate the algorithm of diagnosis and differential surgical treatment tactics for surgical treatment of peripheral nerves injuries. Management of patients in accordance with proposed algorithm allowed to improve surgical treatment results significantly - by 21%.
Differential Diagnosis of Large Joints Chronical Synovitis
Authors: Zar V. V , Shatokhina S. N
Published: October 2020

To determine the genesis of large joint chronical synovitis the morphologic picture (facia) of synovial exudate was studied in 23 patients using the method of cuneate dehydration of biological liquid. Cytologic investigation showed leukocytosis with prevalence of neutrophils in all patients. All patients were divided into two groups. First group included 8 patients in whom septic pattern of inflammation was confirmed by the results of synovial fluid culture inoculation, second group - 15 patients with negative bacteriologic study results. The obtained data enabled to describe two types of synovial fluid facia that allowed differentiating septic pattern of inflammation from the reactive one.
Comparative Study of the Adhesive Component of Friction in Hip Endoprostheses
Authors: Minasov B. Sh , Yakupov R. R , Shuster L. Sh , Chertovskikh S. V , Emaev I. I , Filimonov G. N , Korshunov A. A , Khairov T. E
Published: October 2020

Kinematic unit friction pairs of human hip endoprosthesis and rabbit hips with induced osteoarthrosis were studied under conditions of either dry or biological medium friction. Deterioration of tribologic characteristics in destructive dystrophic lesions of joints is the key component of joint kinematic properties decompensation. Experimental animal model of osteoarthrosis showed negative influence of dystrophic changes upon the hip joint adhesive characteristics. Study of the adhesive component of friction coefficient in different tribologic pairs of endoprostheses detected that friction characteristics of the studied tribologic pairs depended upon the magnitude of external load and strength of the kinematic unit.
Hip Subluxation in a Patient with Charcot-Marie- Tooth Disease and Osteo-Onychodysplasia
Authors: Pozdnikin I. Yu , Kamosko M. M , Barsukov D. B , Barlova O. V
Published: October 2020

Clinical observation of an 8 years old patient with hip joints instability against the background of two genetic syndromes - Charcot-Marie-Tooth motor and sensory neuropathy and osteo-onychodysplasia is presented. Peculiarities of clinical, roentgenologic, neurologic picture, diagnosis and approaches to the treatment are described. Thorough examination enabled to develop the individual treatment plan and prevent neurologic complications.
Evaluation of the Influence of HaloGravity Traction upon the Results of Severe Neuromuscular Deformity Treatment
Authors: Kolesov S. V , Baklanov A. N , Shavyrin A. I , Kudryakov S. A , Shaboldin A. N , Kaz’min A. I
Published: October 2020

Evaluation of the effect of traction preoperative preparation on the degree of neuromuscular spinal deformity correction was performed. Treatment results for 50 patients with paralytic deformities operated on in 3 different clinics were analyzed. The patients were divided in 2 comparable groups, 25 patients in each group. In group 1 one-step intervention, i.e. dorsal correction under halo-traction and Ponte osteotomy was performed. In group 2 two-step correction, i.e. 12-14 days gradual halo-gravity traction followed by dorsal correction and Ponte osteotomy. Postoperative deformity correction made up 49 and 50% in the 1st and 2nd groups, respectively. In patients from the 2nd group the postoperative period was smoother. Thus, the study did not detect any influence of traction preparation on the degree of the deformity correction.
Surgical Treatment of Severe Congenital Scoliosis
Authors: Snetkov A. A , Kolesov S. V , Sazhnev M. L , Shaboldin A. N
Published: October 2020

Retrospective analysis of treatment results for 36 patients (31 females, 5 males) aged 2 - 31 years with congenital scoliosis was performed. Malformation of vertebrae was present in 23 patients, disorder of segmentation - in 9, combined anomalies - in 4 patients. Posterior fusion was performed in 15, combined anterior and posterior fusion - in 7, removal of the semivertebra - 13, and VEPTR technique - in 1 patient. Treatment results were assessed by roentgenographic data and the results of SRS-24 questionnaires. Follow up period made up from 1 to 7 years. Differentiated approach to treatment enabled to create conditions for the proper development of the spine and formation of adequate frontal and sagittal balance as well as to increase patient’s self-appraisal and daily activity.
Peculiarities of Femoral Head Aseptic NecrosisProgression in Bilateral Lesion after One JointArthroplasty
Authors: Shumskiy A. A , Rodionova S. S , Kagramanov S. V
Published: October 2020

Evaluation of the effect of one hip arthroplasty upon the course of the pathologic process in the contralateral joint in case of bilateral aseptic femoral head necrosis (AFHN) was performed. The study included 151 patients (207 joints) with AFHN (mean age 45 years). All patients were divided into 3 observation groups. In groups 1 and 3 the patients were on complex therapy (bisphosphonates, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, drugs for improving microcirculation). Patients from 2nd group were treated by drugs for improving microcirculation. Patients from group 3 underwent unilateral hip arthroplasty before the study was initiated. In all cases the joint unloading with crutches was used. Follow up period made up 3 years. Joint function by Harris score and “joint survival” were assessed. It was shown that despite the prescription of contemporary metabolic therapy after one joint arthroplasty the prognosis for the contralateral joint worsened considerably.
Organizational of Mechanisms of Innovation Management and Their Realization in Public Health (on the example of the Tsiv’yan Novosibirsk Research Institute of Traumatology and Orthopedics)
Authors: Totskaya E. G , Sadovoy M. A
Published: October 2020

The main directions in innovations of the largest scientific and research institute in Siberian region are presented. Organizational mechanisms of management in the field of treatment and diagnostic technologies are substantiated. Their influence on the indices of medical organization activity including the quality as well as the availability of specialized and high-tech medical care is demonstrated. The ways of public health service improvement on the basis of principally new methodological approaches to the management in expert level medical organizations are defined.
Study of Intraosseous Implant Osteointegration withVarious Types of Coating in Experiment
Authors: Nazarov E. A , Papkov V. G , Kuz’manin S. A , Vesnov I. G
Published: October 2020

Bone tissue formation around the pins made of medical steel (1st group, n=9), titanium alloy BT6 with modified by chemical and thermal treatment surface (2nd group, n=8), titanium alloy BT6 with calcium phosphate and 1% germanium coating sprayed using microarc oxidation technique (3rd group, n=5) and of the same alloy with calcium phosphate and 5% germanium coating (4th group, n=7) was studied on 28 mongrel cats. The pins were inserted into the proximal femur. In 3 months (after euthanasia) roenthenography, CT with densitometry, biomechanical testing (to determine the strength of implant-bone adhesion) and histologic examinations were performed. It is shown that osteointegration processes were the most marked in the animals from 3rd and 4th groups.
Massive Retroperitoneal Bleeding in Pelvic Fractures
Authors: Lazarev A. F , Borozda I. V
Published: October 2020

The review covers the problems of treatment of patients with unstable pelvic injuries accompanied by massive retroperitoneal bleeding. The questions of the determination of the source of intrapelvic bleeding, its intensity, volume and duration, methods for circulatory disorders correction and surgical hemostasis are considered in detail.
Total Knee Arthroplasty Outcomes Depending on the Degree 11 of Angular Deformity
Authors: Zykin A. A , Malyshev E. E , Pavlov D. V , Korolyov S. B
Published: October 2020

The analysis of total knee arthroplasty results was performed in 106 patients operated on for III stage of deforming gonarthrosis. All patients were divided into 2 groups depending on the presence of the angular extremity axis deformity. Clinical and functional assessment was performed using visual analog scale, Joseph & Kaufman scale, SF-36 questionnaire. Treatment results were evaluated in 3, 6 months and 1, 3, 5 years after intervention. In the group of patients with axial leg deformity the duration of surgical intervention, intraoperative blood loss and postoperative hospitalization period were higher than in patients with normal leg axis but the differences were not significant. The height of the implant insert was 12 (8-14) mm with normal axis and 14 (14-15) mm with axial deformity ( p =0.000187). Correction of the leg axis during arthroplasty required larger bone cuts and soft tissue release but the parameters characterizing leg axis normalization did not differ statistically significant between the groups. However in 5 years after intervention the patients with normal lower extremity axis showed reliably better results by all scales and questionnaires.
Potentialities of Platelet-Rich Plasma Use in Treatment of Knee Osteoarthrosis
Authors: Khalimov E. V , Savel’ev S. N , Khalimov A. E , Nuriev R. F , Ochkurenko A. A
Published: October 2020

Results of the use of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) in patients with knee osteoarthrosis are presented. The study included 86 patients with I-III degree of knee osteoarthrosis (141 knee joints). All patients received 2 intraarticular injections of PRP with 14 days interval. Pain severity was assessed by visual analog scale in 6 and 12 months after treatment. The most significant positive dynamics was observed in patients with II degree - 50.6±2.32, 16.3±2.31 ( р
Biochemical Changes in Tissues and Synovial Fluid of Hip Joint in Congenital and Degenerative-Dystrophic Diseases in Children and Adolescents
Authors: Kozhevnikov O. V , Kralina S. E , Furtseva L. N , Bogdanova I. A , Savost’yanova N. M.
Published: October 2020

Results of biochemical analysis of hip tissues (femoral head cartilage, proximal femur bone tissue, scarry tissue from hip cavity) and synovial fluid in 72 children and adolescents (aged 1 - 18 years) with congenital and pathologic hip dislocation, Legg-Calve-Perthes disease, femoral head aseptic necrosis and early coxarthrosis are presented. In tissue samples the content of hydroxyproline, hexuronic acids and hexoses was determined. In synovial fluid the content of hyaluronic acid, total protein and protein fractions, albumin, glucose and alkaline phosphatase activity was analyzed. It was detected that in congenital and acquired hip pathology the articular cartilage showed increased content of hydroxyproline, disorders of glycosaminoglycan metabolism and shift in glycoprotein metabolism indicative of destructive changes of basic cartilaginous tissue substance. Changes of synovial fluid chemical composition confirmed the disturbance of synovium permeability and were closely related to the clinical picture of metabolic-dystrophic changes in the joint.
Dislocations of the Femoral Component of Hip Implant: Determination of Spatial Relative Position of Components
Authors: Pavlov V. V , Prokhorenko V. M
Published: October 2020

Dislocation of the femoral component is a common complication of total hip arthroplasty. In 44% of cases it results from the incorrect position of implant components. The aim of the study was to evaluate the efficacy of the elaborated method for determination of implant components position at preoperative planning of revision hip arthroplasty in recurrent dislocations of the femoral component. Thirty patients aged 25 - 75 years with recurrent femoral component dislocation after primary hip arthroplasty were examined. To verify the dislocation a plain anterior-posterior roentgenogram of pelvis was performed followed by MSCT of pelvis, femoral bones and knee joints. Drawing up of necessary lines and angles enabled to evaluate objectively the correctness of hip implant components position. By measurement results all patients were divided into 3 groups and in each group an appropriate type of surgical intervention was used. The proposed methods of preoperative planning enabled to determine objectively the cause of femoral component dislocation, to choose an adequate variant of surgical intervention and to exclude the risk of femoral component dislocation recurrence in 96.7% of cases.
Morphologic Substantiation of Distraction as a Preparatory Step for Bioactive Interphalangeal Hand Joint Arthroplasty in Fibrous Ankylosis
Authors: Bugrov S. N , Davydenko D. V , Shirokova N. Yu , Novikov A. V , Petrov S. V
Published: October 2020

The work is dedicated to the study of the morphologic peculiarities of proximal interphalangeal joint capsule before and after distraction in order to substantiate the use of distraction technique as a preparatory step for proximal interphalangeal hand joints bioactive arthroplasty in fibrous ankylosis. The study was conducted on the samples of small fragments of proximal interphalangeal hand joint capsule (11 patients) before distraction and 2 months after distraction apparatus removal. Control group (conventional norm) was presented by 6 autopsy samples. Light microscopy using standard staining methods and immunohistochemical examination were performed. Activation of angiogenesis processes, i.e. 3.5 times increase of vascular bed, 3.4 times growth of mature labrocytes number, both partially and maximum degranulated, as compared with the nondistracted tissue and control group. Direct correlation between the growth of mature labrocytes number and fibroblasts, and the quantity of newly formed vessels per unit of tissue area was detected. Distraction enables to raise the vitality and resistance of pathologically changed joint tissues to damaging factors (hypoxia), activates functional status of joint surrounding tissues and could be considered as a preparatory step for fibrotically ankylosed interphalangeal hand joints bioactive arthroplasty.
State of Synovial Medium in Patients with Degenerative Dystrophic Changes of Knee Joint Accompanied by Articular Surface Defects
Authors: Matveeva E. L , Gasanova A. G , Chegurov O. K
Published: October 2020

The purpose of the work was to determine the concentrations of mineral elements in subchondral bone and synovial fluid of patients with degenerative dystrophic knee joint diseases accompanied by articular surface defects. Subchondral bone and synovial fluid were used as a study material. Analysis of mineral content indices included the determination of calcium, phosphate, magnesium and chlorides concentrations by spectrophotometry. It was shown that the indices of basic electrolytes, i.e. of calcium and phosphate ions, in bone and synovial fluid did not correlate with each other and changed in different directions. Calcium content decreased in the bone while phosphate ions - in synovial fluid.
Peculiarities of Reparative Osteogenesis of Injured Thoracic and Lumbar Vertebral Bodies at Different Terms after Trauma
Authors: Bogomolova N. V , Shul’ga A. E , Zaretskov V. V , Smol’kin A. A , Norkin I. A
Published: October 2020

The analysis of the results of morphologic examination of vertebral body bone tissue obtained intraoperatively from 43 patients (20 - 67 years) with thoracic and lumbar spine injuries at different terms after trauma was performed. All patients were operated on via anterior approach to create ventral fusion. In the examined serial samples of vertebral body structures the quality and regeneration potential of bone tissue were assessed. It was shown that cell differentiation during the osteogenesis process was closely associated with angiogenesis. In the zones with active growth of microcirculatory bed vessels the normal cycle of osteoblast and osteocytes took place while hypoxia and acidosis resulted in pathologic osteogenesis. In patients under 50 years, both males and females) the full value consolidation time averaged 5 months. In patients over 50 years, independently of the gender, the decrease of spongy structures volume and bone mineral density was observed. The recommendations on surgical treatment tactics of patients with thoracic and lumbar vertebral body injuries were given.
Influence of Inclination Angle on the Polyethylene Insert Wear in Experimental Module of Hip Endoprosthesis
Authors: Kolesnik A. I , Gavryushenko N. S , Bulgakov V. G , Frolov E. B , Fomin L. V
Published: October 2020

Localization and the area of polyethylene insert wear in friction pair ofthe experimental module of hip joint (HJ) endoprosthesis was studied under laboratory dynamic conditions simulating its biomechanics at HJ external rotation contracture. It was stated that localization and the area of wear depended on the angle of horizontal inclination infriction pair of HJ endoprosthesis. Almost the same areas of polyethylene wear in anterior and posterior insert segments were observed when inclination angle was equal to that of the hip joint. Reduction of inclination angle resulted in the increase of wear surface in the anterior segment and its decrease in the posterior one. Displacement of the wear zone into the anterior segment was accompanied by the reduction of total insert wear area. At repeated loadings it created conditions for the higher polyethylene insert wear.
History, Present and Future of Knee Arthroplasty
Authors: Prokhorenko V. M , Mamedov A. A , Baitov V. S
Published: October 2020

The review covers different aspects of knee joint arthroplasty. With improvement of arthroplasty techniques the joint implants are constantly perfected: the more strong alloys with high biocompatibility are used for their production, design is developed using mathematical models, endoprosthesis friction node are subjected to long-term bench testing. All these innovations are directed at the improvement of implant quality, increase of their survival time, minimization of toxic effect on the patient’s organism. Taking into account all advantages and disadvantages of the available joint implants with different design and various friction pairs being detected from literature data and by our experience it was concluded that elaboration of joint implant with increased wear resistance is required.
On Preparation of Illustrations for Scientific Publications on Traumatology and Orthopaedics
Authors: Ivanov P. A , Nevedrov A. V , Kalenskiy V. O , Bondarev V. B , Zadneprovskiy N. N
Published: October 2020

Inadequate attention is paid to the preparation of quality illustrations for scientific publications on traumatology and orthopaedics. Review of the quality of 1221 pictures in three typical journals shows that the majority of patients’ photographs are made against the bad background, with presence of foreign objects, and the photos are made from the angle that does not allow making a reliable picture of function restoration. X-ray examination results and intraoperative photographs are not without disadvantages. Recommendations that can considerably improve the quality of the presenting illustrations and its informational content are given.
Surgical Treatment of C2 Odontoid Process Intussusception in Combination with Type I Chiari Malformation
Authors: Shkarubo A. N , Kuleshov A. A , Chernov I. V , Shakhnovich V. A , Mitrofanova E. V , Vetrile M. S , Lisyanskiy I. N , Gromov I. S
Published: October 2020

Type I Chiari malformation is often accompanied by congenital developmental abnormalities such as platybasia, basilar impression and C2 odontoid process retroflexion that may cause anterior compression of brainstem structures and upper cervical segments of spinal cord. Formerly the conventional method was posterior decompression even in presence of anterior brainstem compression. This article presents on a kinetic example the tactics of one-step treatment of patients with type I Chiari malformation accompanied by basilar impression and C2 odontoid process retroflexion via transoral approach only that was used for both decompression and C1-C2 segment anterior stabilization. Surgical intervention enabled to achieve the decompression of brainstem structures and upper cervical segments of spinal cord, normalization liquor dynamics and subsequent redislocation of cerebellar tonsils to normal position (above the Chamberlain line).
Influence of Implant Acetabular Component Orientation on Hip Stability
Authors: Shubnyakov I. I , Boyarov A. A , Tikhilov R. M , Denisov A. O , Efimov N. N
Published: October 2020

Introduction. Acetabular component malposition at total hip arthroplasty is a common situation that may affect the frequency of dislocation and the rate of implant friction unit wear. The purpose of the study was to determine the influence of different factors on the variability of acetabular component orientation and evaluate the role of orientation in dislocation development. Patients and methods. Total number of patients made up 1408. Out of them 695 patients were operated on at RSRITO named after R.R. Vreden using standard approaches (group 1), 184 - using low invasive approach (group 2) and 55 patients were admitted with implant head dislocation (group 4). At City St. Petersburg hospitals 474 patients (group 3) were operated on. Orientation of acetabular component (inclination and anteversion angles) was evaluated on digital pelvis and plain hip roentgenograms. Dispersion unifactorial analysis was used to evaluate the dependence of the precision of acetabular component positioning upon the surgeon’s experience, patient’s body mass index, type of surgical approach and the use of guide for acetabular component implantation. Results. Within the first postoperative year the rate of femoral component dislocation in group 1 made up 0.9%. Within the Lewinnek safe zone 76.6% of acetabular components were implanted with the use of a guide and 71.8% without. The rate of dislocation in group 2 made up 71.8% and 63.4% of components were implanted within the safe zone. In group 3 the intra-hospitalization dislocation developed in 1.9% of patients and satisfactory positioning relative to Lewinnek safe zone was achieved in 68.2% of cases. The risk factors for acetabular component malposition included high body mass indices, use of low invasive approach and insufficient experience of the operating surgeon. No direct influence of acetabular component orientation upon the femoral component dislocation was detected. Conclusion. Further studies directed to the more detailed analysis of additional factors that either directly or indirectly affect the implant function and to the optimization of surgical technique that would enable the reproducibility of total hip arthroplasty results are required.
Use of Metaphyseal Sleeves in Revision Knee Arthroplasty
Authors: Girkalo M. V , Norkin I. A
Published: October 2020

Purpose. To study the short-term results of revision knee arthroplasty performed using metaphyseal sleeves. Patients and methods. During the period from 2013 to 2015 the total number of 40 patients was operated on. Type I femoral defects (by AORI classification) were diagnosed in 11 (27.5%), type II - in 26 (65.0%), type III - in 3 (7.5%) cases. Type I tibial defects were diagnosed in 2 (5.0%), type IIa - in 24 (65.0%), type IIb - in 11 (27.0%) and type III - in 3 (7.54%) cases. Metaphyseal femoral sleeves were used in 8 and metaphyseal tibial sleeve - in 40 patients. Results. Follow up period made up from 12 to 43 (mean 32.8) months. Excellent and good results by KSS scale were achieved in 30 (75.0%) of patients, by functional KSS scale - in 24 (60.0%) patients. Mean point by Knee Society Total Knee Arthroplasty Roentgenographic Evaluation scale in patients with femoral and tibial metaphyseal sleeves made up 2.35 versus 0.375 that confirmed the absence of progressive bone resorption. No one case of aseptic instability of the revision implant was observed. Repeated surgical intervention due to reinfection and knee joint contracture with pain syndrome was performed in 2 (5.0%) patients. Conclusion. The obtained data enable to recommend the use of metaphyseal sleeves for revision knee arthroplasty in patients with tibial and femoral defects of types II and III by AORI classification.
Percutaneous Transpedicular Fixation in Traumatic Spondylolisthesis of L5 Vertebra
Authors: Slinyakov L. Yu , Chernyaev A. V , Donchenko S. V , Simonyan A. G
Published: October 2020

The use of percutaneous transpedicular fixation in traumatic spondylolisthesis of L5 vertebra without neurologic complications in 37 years old patient is presented. Surgical intervention, technical capability and peculiarities of surgery when using low invasive technique for vertebral body reduction are described. In cases of non-complicated injury percutaneous transpedicular fixation could be a prospective alternative to a standard fixation technique. However it should not be recommended to wide clinical application as it requires special skills and experience in use of low invasive systems and appropriate instrumentation.
Traumatism in Operating Crew of Inland Water Transport
Authors: Shapovalov K. A
Published: October 2020

The purpose of the work was to present the state of traumatism with loss of working ability in operating crew of inland water transport during the period from 1906 to 2015. Search and selection of publications was carried out by the catalogues of the Central Scientific Medical Library, electronic library eLIBRARY.RU and electronic search engines Index Copernicus, PubMed. Peculiarities of the rate and structure of the circumstances of social-hygienic and occupational accidents among industrial workers were detected on the example of operating crew of river water transport depending on the gender, age, profession, ship management service, working experience, circumstances of accident, characteristics of traumatic agent, alcoholic intoxication, seasonal navigation period, weekly working hours, the voyage duration and latitudes. Clinical characteristics of the injuries was given, treatment results and outcomes were analyzed.
Experience in Use of Buvanestin and Other Modern Local Anesthetics in Traumatology and Orthopaedics
Authors: Vasil’kov Valeriy G. , Marinchev V. N , Emelina N. G , Tryashkina T. I , Shilov A. Yu , Polich A. S
Published: October 2020

Clinical experience in use of Buvanestin and other local anesthetics (Marcaine,Naropin) in traumatology and orthopaedics is presented. Careful evaluation of the effect of various drugs (Refortan, Ringer’s solution, Mafusol) preinfusion upon the status of hemodynamics in elderly and senile patients at operations for femoral fractures has been performed. It has been shown that by the anesthetic properties Buvanestin practically does not differ from Marcaine. Preinfusion of Mafusol has shown the advantages over the Ringer’s solution and Refortan in ensuring more stable hemodynamics during operation and in the early (within 20-30 min) postoperative period.
Epidemiology of Proximal Femur in the Republic of Belarus’
Authors: Romanov Georgiy N. , Chernyanin I. Yu , Rudenko E. V , Lesnyak O. M , Zakroeva A. G
Published: October 2020

Purpose: to determine the incidence of proximal femur (PF) fracture in the inhabitants of the Republic of Belarus aged 50 years and over. The study was initiated by the Russian Association on Osteoporosis with support from International Osteoporosis Foundation. Material and methods. The data collection is performed by the protocol that assumes an active search of PF fracture cases for 3 years in all available sources with their subsequent verification within one city of the Republic of Belarus with population over 100 000 residents. Results. Standardized indices of PF fracture incidence in the Republic of Belarus for males and females aged 50 years and over made up 147 and 250 cases per 100 000 inhabitants, respectively. The obtained data are in line with the general information on PF fracture incidence in the neighboring countries. According to the population growth forecast the 25.8% increase of PF fracture cases in this age group is expected by 2050.
Anatomic and Physiological Features of Facet Joints. Evolution of Facet Fixation for the Treatment of Patients with Lumbar Spine Degenerative Diseases
Authors: Byval’tsev Vadim A. , Kalinin A. A , Okoneshnikova A. K , Pestryakov Yu. Ya
Published: October 2020

The literature review presents the anatomical features of facet joint structure and their pathologic changes in lumbar spine degenerative diseases as well as the steps of development and modern methods of facet fixation, their technical peculiarities and results of application
Surgical Correction of Spine Deformity in Patients with Spinal Muscular Atrophy: Multicenter Analysis of Domestic Experience and Literature Review
Authors: Ryabykh Sergey O. , Filatov E. Yu , Savin D. M , Ochirova P. V , Ryabykh T. V , Medvedeva S. N , Tret’yakova A. N , Kolesov S. V , Baklanov A. N , Shavyrin I. A , Artem’eva S. B
Published: October 2020

Purpose: to analyze the domestic experience in surgical correction of spine deformity in patients with spinal muscular atrophy (SMA). Patients and methods. Retrospective multicenter nonrandomized study (evidentiary level III) was performed. Treatment results were analyzed for 26 patients aged 6 - 25 years who were operated on at four RF centers. Inclusion criteria: patients with neurogenic scoliosis on a background of SMA, genetically confirmed diagnosis of type II and III SMA, frontal-plane Cobb angle over 40°, availability of radiologic archives. Results. Preoperative scoliotic curve ranged from 40° to 135° (mean 92°), postoperatively - from 10° to 92° (mean 52°). Correction index varied within 13-75% (mean 40%). Frontal balance correction made up 23%, frontal pelvic tilt - 17%. Indices of external expiration functions showed a slight increase. Functional status by GMFCS was determined preoperatively as class 4 in 2 (8.3%) and class 5 in 24 (91.7%) patients; after intervention as class 10 (38.5%) and 16 (61.5%) patients, respectively. Conclusion. Patients with axial skeleton deformity on a background of SMA are at high risk group and require multidisciplinary examination and peri/postoperative management. Surgical correction is indicated in decompensated deformity over 40°. Surgical rehabilitation improves the self-care of patients as well as the life quality of both the patients and their surroundings.
Potentialities of diffusion weighted MRI in the assessment of the degree of adjacent intervertebral disc degeneration: rigid lumbosacral stabilization and total intervertebral disc arthroplasty
Authors: Byval’tsev Vadim A. , Stepanov I. A , Pestryakov Yu. Ya
Published: October 2020

Purpose: to evaluate the condition of adjacent intervertebral discs (IVD) after single level rigid lumbosacral stabilization and total arthroplasty by calculating IVD height index and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC). Patients and methods. The study included 117 patients (64 women and 53 men) after rigid lumbosacral stabilization or total arthroplasty of the degenerative IVD at L5-S1 level. Values of ADC and height of the adjacent IVD were assessed prior to surgery, at discharge and in 6, 12, 24 and 36 months after surgical intervention. Results. The value of the height of the adjacent IVD in patients after rigid stabilization in the early postoperative period averaged 0.58±0.046, in 6 months - 0.58±0.044 and 0.52±0.037 in 36 months after surgery. In patients after total arthroplasty it made up 0.59±0.041, 0.60±0.038 and 0.56±0.02, respectively. Comparison of the adjacent IVD height indices showed significant difference starting from the 12th observation months (p
Dynamics of the formation of protection for circulatory bed in bone regenerate
Authors: Shchyurov Vladimir A. , Boichuk S. P , Tarchokov V. T , Mel’nikova L. V
Published: October 2020

Evaluation of the bone regenerate maturation in 21 patients, aged 27 - 66 years, with closed shoulder fractures was performed in the course of treatment by Ilizarov technique according to the rate of blood supply velocity at functional load and by the value of that load. Examination was performed in 1 and 2 weeks as well as in 1 and 2 months after fixation. Within the first 2 weeks the bone fragments micro mobility at 10 kgF axial load on the extremity made up 194±42 µm. Subsequently as the regenerate became compact the bone fragments micro mobility decreased up to 53±13 µm (p≤0.02). During the fixation period the load tolerance increased from 5 to 15 kgF. The threshold of load tolerance was detected by the occurrence of unpleasant feel- ings the regenerate zone and increased rate of blood circulation in the vessels. At the end of fixation period the rate of blood circulation was decreased by 2 times and practically did not change at increasing loads confirming the formation of the protection system for circulatory bed in the bone regenerate.
State of Specialized Outpatient Trauma and Orthopedic Care in the Russian Federation. Development Perspectives
Authors: Es’kin N. A , Andreeva Tat’yana M.
Published: October 2020

Injuries and musculoskeletal disorders are the most widely spread diseases. It is shown that the majority of injured patients and patients with orthopedic pathology require an outpatient care. The state of specialized outpatient care is analyzed and the ways of its perfection are proposed.
Surgical treatment for nontumorous diseases of craniovertebral region
Authors: Kuleshov A. A , Shkarubo A. N , Gromov Il’ya S. , Vetrile M. S , Lisyanskiy I. N , Makarov S. N , Chernov I. V , Mitrofanova E. V , Ponomarenko G. P
Published: October 2020

Purpose: to evaluate the efficacy of surgical treatment for the non-tumorous diseases of the craniovertebral region. Patients and Methods. Forty five patients aged 4 - 63 years (mean age 27 years) with non-tumorous diseases of the craniovertebral region were operated on. Either one- or two-step surgical interventions for spinal cord decompression were performed. Early and long term results were evaluated by Frankel, JAO and River scales. In 5 cases the assessment of volumetric craniovertebral interrelationships (VCVI). Results. Good results were obtained in 43 (96%) patients at terms from 1 to 15 years. In 1 patient with mucopolysaccharidoses the aggravation of neurologic symptoms was observed and in 1 case a fatal outcome occurred. VCVI analysis showed a significant improvement of liquor dynamics right up to its normalization in the zone of decompression. Conclusion. Treatment of craniovertebral region diseases requires a differential approach. When necessary to eliminate ventral spinal cord compression it is expedient to perform either transoral or endoscopic transnasal decompression, or transoral spinal cord (myelencephalon) decompression with anterior stabilization by custom-made device (plate).
Experience in arthroscopic treatment of acute acromioclavicular joint injuries
Authors: Grigor’ev Igor’ V. , Zagorodniy N. V , Lazko F. L , Prizov A. P , Belyak E. A , Kubashev A. A , Lazko M. F
Published: October 2020

Purpose of study: to evaluate surgical treatment results in patients with closed dislocation of the acromial end of the clavicle. Patients and methods. Eighteen patients, aged 23-54 years, with acute acromioclavicular joint injuries of III-IV type by Rockwood were operated on during 2015 - 2018. Surgical treatment was performed at terms up to 2 weeks after injury. Reduction of the acromial end of the clavicle, arthroscopic fixation and stabilization of acromioclavicular joint by TightRope system was performed. Postoperative follow-up was cjnducted in 4 and 6 weeks, 3 months and subsequently every 6 months after surgical intervention. To evaluate the results the Constant Score and radiographs were used. Results. Follow-up period made up 1 year. Functional result, i.e. range of motion and quality of life, by Constant Score was good already on day 14 after surgery and excellent (89.6±2.9 points) at the end of treatment course (2 months after intervention). Brachial plexopathy (reduction of the thumb and 2nd finger sensitivity and muscular force in the early postoperative period) was observed in 1 case. Six months conservative treatment resulted in positive effect. In 6 months range of motion in the operated joint was equal to that in a healthy one. Conclusion. Arthroscopic treatment of acromioclavicular joint injuries by TightRope system is a highly effective and minimum invasive method but requires experience and practical skills in shoulder arthroscopy.
Study of rivaroxaban for venous thromboembolism prophylaxis after lower extremity fractures in Russian clinical practice
Authors: Belov Mikhail V.
Published: October 2020

The purpose of the study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of rivaroxaban in patients after surgical treatment for the lower extremity fractures. Patients and methods. Retrospective multicenter study included 663 patients with femur fractures, 43 patients with complications after total hip arthroplasty (periprosthetic femur fractures, recurrent dislocation) and 10 patients with shinbone fractures. The majority (81.99%) of patients were elderly or senile. In postoperative period all patients received a standard prophylactic dose of anticoagulants. Out of them 75 (main group) - rivaroxaban (10 mg/day), 241 (control group) - other drugs (enoxaparin - 40 mg/day and dabigatran etexilate 150 or 220 mg/day). The efficacy of prophylaxis was assessed by clinical picture and Doppler ultrasound scans. Results. Average bed day made up 9.28. During hospitalization no cases of PE were recorded. In the main and control groups the rate of deep vein thrombosis with clinical manifestations made up 1.89 and 3.31%, respectively. No cases of fatal bleeding occurred. Signs of continuous bleeding in the area of surgical intervention (soaking dressings or recurring wound hematomas) in the main group was recorded rarely (3.15%) than in the control one (8.29%). Conclusion. Reduction of VTE rate with no increase in bleeding risk indicates the feasibility of rivaroxaban use for postoperative PE prophylaxis in patients with lower extremity fractures.
Treatment of a patient with mucopolysaccharidoses type II (Hunter syndrome) complicated by craniovertebral spinal canal stenosis
Authors: Mikhailova Luydmila K. , Kuleshov A. A , Vetrile M. S , Lisyanskiy I. N , Polyakova O. A , Pereverzev V. S , Makarov S. N
Published: October 2020

Formation of spinal canal stenosis at T12-L1 level, rarely at the level of craniovertebral junction, is a typical spinal disorder in different types of mucopolysaccharidoses that is a serious complication due to tetraparesis and tetraplegia development. Clinical, roentgenologic and therapeutic aspects of the mucopolysaccharidoses type II course in a 23 months old boy as well as the results of two-step surgical treatment for the cervical spine stabilization and elimination of spinal canal stenosis at the level of craniovertebral junction are presented.
Current view on vertebral hemangioma
Authors: Grushina T. I. , Titov A. A.
Published: October 2020

An analytical review of publications devoted to various aspects of vertebral hemangioma was conducted from following electronic databases: Scopus, Web of Science, MedLine, The Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, ScienceDirect, PubMed, and elibrary, CyberLeninka. The review contains actual data on the frequency of its occurrence, the possible causes of appearance and variants of development. The issues of diagnosis of vertebral hemangioma are considered in the historical context: clinical manifestations, objective modern sur- vey methods. Special attention is paid to the morphological and pathogenetic criteria for changes in the verte- bra. It is connected with the fact, that the diagnosis vertebra hemangioma prior to the morphological study is more a collective concept than a deﬁnitive diagnosis. It is noted that the modern concept of therapeutic tac- tics is based on the nature of course of vertebral hemangioma: aggressive and non-aggressive forms. The article presents the criteria for its aggressiveness according to domestic and foreign authors. The main methods of treating neoplasm are presented: radiation therapy, alcoholization, puncture embolization of tumor vessels, puncture vertebroplasty, stenthoplasty, open interventions. In the conclusion of the review, it is emphasized that if medical tactics in case of aggressive vertebral hemangiomas are actively developed by scientiﬁc researchers, today studies on suﬃcient clinical material with the long-term analysis of diﬀerentiated application of physio- therapeutic treatment of the patients with vertebral pain syndromes in combination with non-aggressive vertebral hemangioma do not exist.
The value of the shape of the arrangement of the articular surfaces of the clavicle and acromion for the mechanism: both the dislocation of the acromial end of the clavicle and its fracture
Authors: Miziev Ismail A. , Baksanov Hamada D. , Akhkubekov Rustam A. , Bifova Bella R.
Published: October 2020

Objective. To prove the dependence of a fracture or dislocation of the acromial end of the clavicle on the features of the shape of the arrangement of the articular surfaces of the clavicle and acromion.

Materials and methods. We conducted anatomical studies on 50 unfixed and unopened corpses of people of both sexes and aged 20 to 60 years. Among them, there were 35 men and 15 women. At the same time, we observed three forms of variability in the arrangement of the articular surfaces of the acromion and clavicle.

Results. We studied the radiological forms of the location of the articular surfaces of the clavicle and acromion in 50 patients with a collarbone fracture and in 50 patients with dislocation of the acromial end of the clavicle from 20 to 55 years old, among them 30 were men, 20 women. In all cases, the trauma mechanism was indirect. A certain relationship was revealed between the frequency of a fracture or dislocation and the form of arrangement of the articular surfaces of the acromion and clavicle. Clavicle fracture more often (78.0%) occurred with a vertical arrangement of the articular surfaces of aroma and clavicle.

Conclusion. Anatomical and clinical-radiological studies have shown the dependence of the fracture or dislocation of the acromial end of the clavicle on the peculiarities of the arrangement of the articular surfaces of the clavicle and acromion.
Serum markers for immunological response to metal alloys of endoprostheses
Authors: Shatokhina Svetlana N. , Zar Vadim V. , Zar Mikhail V. , Shabalin Vladimir Nikolaevich
Published: October 2020

A study of solid-phase structures of blood serum using wedge-shaped and marginal dehydration methods (Litos system technology) was conducted in order to find out the causes of an inflammatory reaction followed by fibrosis in the second operated joint in a patient with bilateral knee arthritis. The study was aimed at identifying specific morphological markers that characterize the bodys response to the endoprosthesis material. Its solid-phase structures indicated the activation of a hyperergic reaction with daily incubation of blood serum with an alloy of titanium, aluminum, and vanadium. On the contrary, the immunological activity of blood serum can be suppressed and the structures present in it can be transformed into amorphous detritus with the incubation of an alloy of cobalt, chromium, and molybdenum. It was observed from the study that the nature of the immunological reaction of a sensitized organism depends on the type of metals that are part of the endoprosthesis. The immune response causes inflammation of the periarticular tissue, followed by its fibrosation and the formation of a scar demarcation shell that separates the periarticular tissue from the endoprosthesis and performs the function of an immunological barrier on the alloy of titanium, aluminum, and vanadium. On the other hand, an immunological reaction causes the destruction of inflamed periarticular tissue, followed by gradual destruction of the articular bag on the alloy of cobalt, chromium, and molybdenum.
Preoperative planning of surgical procedures on the hand using a bone model made from the polymer clay
Authors: Zolotov Alexander S. , Dyachkova Julia A. , Sidorenko Ilya S.
Published: October 2020

The authors proposed a method of preoperative planning of surgical procedures on the hand using a bone model made from polymer clay. A detailed description of the method and an example of its clinical use are given. This method proved to be effective in treatment of seven patients with deformities of the phalanx of fingers and metacarpal bones. The proposed method of preoperative planning helps the surgeon to perform the intended operation correctly.