bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Construction of Agricultural Products of e-Commerce Ecological Network System under the Background of “Internet Plus”
Authors: Zhong Xuemei , Ferrand Clermont
Published: August 2022

The rapid development of Internet technology promotes the ecological renewal of traditional industries. China’s 14th Five-Year Plan clearly proposes to vigorously develop the Internet industry. Farmers are still the mainstay of China’s population, and “agriculture, rural areas, and farmers” have always been highly valued by the party and the state. However, the rural economy has always been a weak link in China’s economy, and agricultural products often have problems such as increasing production but not increasing income, relying on the weather, and having difficulties in sales. The root causes are the slow development of rural areas, farmers’ economic awareness and lack of economic information. The Internet has broken this existing situation with the idea of flat network, breaking through the restrictions of traditional agricultural products trading channels, enabling farmers to directly connect with the market, and effectively improving trading profits. Firstly, this paper points out the influence of the Internet on the global economy and industry and further summarizes the development of e-commerce. Then, the advantages and characteristics of e-commerce are explained, and the theoretical basis and present situation of e-commerce development of agricultural products in China are expounded. Finally, the paper puts forward the imagination of China’s e-commerce system of agricultural products, focuses on accelerating the standardization and systematization of agricultural products, and puts forward some suggestions and measures for the ecological evolution guarantee of agricultural products e-commerce. This paper is a research on the integration of agricultural products and ecological construction of e-commerce under the background of “internet plus.” It is aimed at offering suggestions and suggestions for promoting agricultural product sales and rural development and promoting rural economic development, which is of great help to China’s poverty alleviation cause and an effective way to achieve common prosperity.
An Improved Machine Translation Model and its Application in Japanese Multi-Context Translation
Authors: Wen Huichao
Published: August 2022

In order to further improve the application of machine translation model in Japanese translation, analytic analysis method is adopted to optimize the original machine translation model. The improved machine translation model is used to analyze and describe Japanese translation. Finally, the optimized machine translation model is used to analyze Japanese multicontext. The relevant indexes and parameters were extracted and verified, and finally the model was verified by relevant experiments. The results show that the vector variation graph with different parameters can be divided into slow decline stage, stable change stage, and fast decline stage according to the increase of iteration number and the influence of corresponding change trend. In addition, it can be seen from the value of PE curve that the influence of parameter pe is the least, while the influence of corresponding re parameter is the greatest. The multicontext index of Japanese has the greatest influence on Japanese fluency and the least influence on Japanese keywords, and the trend of influence is parabolic. The application curve of the optimized machine translation model to Japanese in multiple contexts shows that different parameters have different effects on Japanese, which should be represented by the positive parameter V. Finally, the accuracy of the model is verified by experimental data. The above research can provide support for the application of machine learning in different fields and also provide research ideas for the multicontext translation of Japanese.
Simultaneous Determination of Retinols and Tocols in Egg and Milk Products Based on RP-HPLC Linked with Fluorescent and Photodiode Array
Authors: Chen Yingqi , Hu Chonggao , Xu Jiaojiao , Pan Xiaodong , Huang Baifen
Published: August 2022

In this paper, we built a method of verifying the 4 retinols of vitamin A and 8 tocopherol isomers of vitamin E in the food industry based on RP-HPLC-PDA-FLR. The effect of laboratory light conditions on the target components was considered for the first time, and it was found that the loss rate of the target components was the smallest in the case of a white laboratory bench with red or LED light in the dark room. There was no finding of extraction recoveries of the target components with a significant difference under different saponification conditions. Meanwhile, it was found that using ethyl acetate/n-hexane mixed solvent as the extraction solvent could ensure the effective extraction of the target components. Finally, baseline separation of 12 components was achieved within 45 min using the C30 column. With the help of methodological verification, we found that the recovery rate ranged from 76.45% to 93.52%, and RSD was between 0.19% and 12.99%; the Limit of Detection minimum value was 0.01 mg/100 g and the Limit of Quantitation minimum value was 0.03 mg/100 g. The detection method was successfully applied to the distribution detection of 4 kinds of retinols and 8 kinds of vitamin E in egg and dairy products and provided technical support for the accurate nutritional evaluation of vitamin A and vitamin E.
miR-133a-5p Inhibits Glioma Cell Proliferation by Regulating IGFBP3
Authors: Yang Xinzhi , Chen Dong , Hu Jiliang , Zhao Qingsuo , Fu Xing , Lv Wen
Published: August 2022

Objective. This research aims to investigate the expression of miR-133a-5p in glioma tissues and its impact on glioma cell proliferation. Methods. Fluorescence-quantitative PCR was used to detect the expression of miR-133a-5p in 25 cases of glioma and adjuncent tissues. CCK-8 and colony formation analyses were used to evaluate the impact of transfection with miR-133a-5p inhibitors or mimics on glioma cell growth and colony formation. The IGFBP3 (insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-3) and miR-133a-5p binding sites were predicted using Starbase, and the miR-133a-5p binding capacity with 3'UTR of IGFBP3 gene was determined using a luciferase gene reporter system. Following transfection with miR-133a-5p mimics or inhibitors, the IGFBP3 protein expression in glioma cells was determined by western blotting. The colony formation assay was applied to evaluate the influence of IGFBP3 overexpression on the miR-133a-5p in glioma cell proliferation. For assessment of the IGFBP3 expression in glioma tissues and prognosis, TCGA database was employed. Results. The expression of miR-133a-5p was considerably reduced in glioma tissue compared to adjuncent control tissue. In addition, miR-133a-5p expression decreased with increasing glioma malignancy. Glioma cell growth and colony formation were reduced after miR-133a-5p mimics were transfected, while transfection of miR-133a-5p inhibitors had a reverse impact. The expression of IGFBP3 was affected by miR-133a-5p by binding to its 3'UTR region. Additional study demonstrated that the overall survival (OS) of subjects with increased IGFBP3 expression was considerably lower compared to patients with decreased IGFBP3 expression. The IGFBP3 overexpression effectively counteracts the glioma cell proliferation-inhibiting impact of miR-133a-5p. Conclusion. miR-133a-5p acts as a glioma tumor suppressor gene. It reduces glioma cell proliferation by modulating IGFBP3 and could be a target for glioma therapy.
The Prediction of Enterprise Stock Change Trend by Deep Neural Network Model
Authors: Ma Guifen , Chen Ping , Liu Zhaoshan , Liu Jia
Published: August 2022

This study aims to accurately predict the changing trend of stocks in stock trading so that company investors can obtain higher returns. In building a financial forecasting model, historical data and learned parameters are used to predict future stock prices. Firstly, the relevant theories of stock forecasting are discussed, and problems in stock forecasting are raised. Secondly, the inadequacies of deep neural network (DNN) models are discussed. A prediction trend model of enterprise stock is established based on long short-term memory (LSTM). The uniqueness and innovation lie in using the stock returns of Bank of China securities in 2022 as the training data set. LSTM prediction models are used to perform error analysis on company data training. The 20-day change trend of the company’s stock returns under different models is predicted and analyzed. The results show that as the number of iterations increases, the loss rate of the LSTM training curve keeps decreasing until 0. The average return price of the LSTM prediction model is 14.01. This figure is closest to the average real return price of 13.89. Through the forecast trend analysis under different models, LSTM predicts that the stock change trend of the enterprise model is closest to the changing trend of the actual earnings price. The prediction accuracy is better than other prediction models. In addition, this study explores the characteristics of high noise and complexity of corporate stock time series, designs a DNN prediction model, and verifies the feasibility of the LSTM model to predict corporate stock changes with high accuracy.
Research on Human Resource Management Performance Evaluation Method Based on Chaos Optimization Algorithm
Authors: Wang Hailin
Published: August 2022

All enterprise components and business activities are centered on the customer. Whether human resource management is reasonable and effective not only is a matter of human resource management, but also directly influences whether other resources can be used reasonably and effectively, and determines the efficiency of business operations. In human resource management, perfect performance evaluation criteria are developed based on the actual situation in order to evaluate employee productivity and work ethic. Nonetheless, in the process of actual enterprise HR management performance evaluation work, there are not only imperfect performance evaluation standards, but also relatively objective evaluation standards, and HR cannot conduct a comprehensive analysis of each position, which has a negative impact on the quality of enterprise HR management work. This paper improves the performance evaluation model for the original data mining and proposes a human resource management performance evaluation method based on chaotic optimization algorithm, which generates the initial values of evaluation data through chaotic logistic mapping, bringing the initial data closer to the optimal value, reducing the impact of random initialization on the algorithm’s performance, and when the model is trained, it can make the algorithm’s performance more stable. Capability thereby addresses the flaws in the original evaluation method. Experiments demonstrate that our method significantly improves the precision of model training and prediction.
Numerical and Larg‐Scale Laboratory Study of Rock Column Groups in Sandy Soil Behavior Improvement
Authors: Yousefi Samangani Ali , Naderi Reza
Published: August 2022

The use of stone columns as one of the effective methods in improving soil behavior can increase soil bearing capacity. One of the common methods in improving poor soil is the use of stone columns. Stone columns are considered one of the suitable options to improve the bearing capacity of loose cohesive and granular soils, which, in addition to reducing soil subsidence, is also considered an effective, economical, and environmentally friendly method in structures built on soil. Considering the financial and human losses caused by the construction of various buildings on poor soils, the importance of developing improvement methods in weak and unsuitable soils is essential. On the other hand, sandy soils are always considered an unsuitable soil sample in design. Therefore, in the present study, we use group stone columns to improve the behavior of a sandy soil sample. When a sample of soft sandy soil is exposed to loading due to its sandiness, we see an increase in soil subsidence and thus a decrease in its load‐bearing capacity. In order to obtain practical and useable results in practice, in addition to numerical studies, we conduct a laboratory study to investigate the effect of rock columns on improving sandy soil performance. In sandy soil armed with 4 rock columns, the comparison of the results obtained from the numerical and laboratory model to the displacement of 2 mm is completely consistent with each other, and with increasing displacement, we see a difference between the numerical and laboratory results, so that for a 6 mm displacement, we see an 8% difference in numerical and laboratory results. The final sample capacity in the numerical and laboratory study in this case is 6730 N and 6192 N, respectively.
Classification of English Translation Teaching Models based on Multiple Intelligence Theory
Authors: Li Xiaoli
Published: August 2022

In order to improve the quality of English translation teaching, this paper combines the theory of multiple intelligence to classify the English translation teaching process. Moreover, this paper adopts Fisher’s discriminant method and Bayesian discriminant method to classify the English translation teaching samples. In order to improve the discrimination accuracy of the extreme learning machine algorithm, this paper applies the particle swarm optimization extreme learning machine algorithm to the research on the classification of English translation teaching samples and proposes an intelligent English classification teaching model based on the actual situation of English translation teaching. In addition, this paper verifies the system model proposed in this paper by evaluating the teaching method. The research shows that the classification model of English translation teaching mode based on the theory of multiple intelligence proposed in this paper has a certain effect, which can promote the effect of English translation teaching.
Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Cardiovascular Disease: Pathophysiology and Emerging Therapies
Authors: Stamerra Cosimo Andrea , Di Giosia Paolo , Giorgini Paolo , Ferri Claudio , Sukhorukov Vasily N. , Sahebkar Amirhossein
Published: August 2022

Mitochondria ensure the supply of cellular energy through the production of ATP via oxidative phosphorylation. The alteration of this process, called mitochondrial dysfunction, leads to a reduction in ATP and an increase in the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Mitochondrial dysfunction can be caused by mitochondrial/nuclear DNA mutations, or it can be secondary to pathological conditions such as cardiovascular disease, aging, and environmental stress. The use of therapies aimed at the prevention/correction of mitochondrial dysfunction, in the context of the specific treatment of cardiovascular diseases, is a topic of growing interest. In this context, the data are conflicting since preclinical studies are numerous, but there are no large randomized studies.
Preclinical Pharmacokinetics, Biodistribution, and Acute Toxicity Evaluation of Caerin 1.9 Peptide in Sprague Dawley Rats
Authors: Yang Xiaodan , Li Junjie , Chen Shu , Xiao Liyin , Cao Dongmin , Wu Xiaolian , Li Hejie , Ni Guoying , Wang Tianfang , Chen Guoqiang , Liu Xiaosong
Published: August 2022

Caerin 1.9 is a natural peptide derived from the skin secretions of the Australian tree frog (Litoria) with broad-spectrum antimicrobial and anticancer bioactivity. It improves the efficacy of a therapeutic vaccine and immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy when injected intratumorally and inhibits TC-1 tumor growth when applied topically through intact skin in a TC-1 murine tumor model. This paper investigated the pharmaceutical kinetic profile, the tissue distribution, and the acute safety investigation of Caerin 1.9 peptide in Sprague Dawley (SD) rats. The results showed that subcutaneous injection of Caerin 1.9 at 100 mg/kg is safe and does not cause mortality or organ malfunction in the recipient rats. For the consecutive injection of F3 at 10 mg/kg, the peak concentration (Cmax) of F3 displayed at 1 hr after injection in male rats was 591 ng/mL, the average drug retention time was 0.807 hr, T1/2 was 4.58 hr, and AUC0-last was 1890 h × ng/mL. In female rats, Cmax was 256 ng/mL, with an average drug retention time of 2.96 hr, T1/2 of 1.33 hr, and AUC0-last of 740 h × ng/mL. The results showed that the concentration of Caerin 1.9 in the peripheral blood peaked at 1 hour. As injected concentration increased, T1/2 extended, and Cmax, AUC0-last, and volume of distribution at a steady state all increased. After 14 days of repeated subcutaneous injection at 10.0 mg/kg, no accumulation of Caerin 1.9 in plasma was observed. The results of tissue distribution showed that the Caerin 1.9 is below the LC-MS/MS detection threshold at a minimum concentration of 40 ng/g. In conclusion, Caerin 1.9 is well tolerated in rats and could be used with current immunotherapies for better management of solid tumors and genital warts.
Acoustic Radiation Performance of a Composite Laminated Plate Subjected to Local Temperature
Authors: Sun Yonggan , Xiao Yong
Published: August 2022

Composite structures are extensively applied because of their high specific stiffness‐to‐weight ratios and other advantages. In various scenarios, composite structures are elastically coupled and usually exposed to a nonuniform thermal environment. This paper presents numerical simulation studies on the vibroacoustic characteristics of a composite laminated plate with elastic supports subjected to local temperature. The thermal stiffness matrix and stiffness matrix of the elastic boundary are first derived based on the finite element method, and then a coupled vibroacoustic model is developed to calculate the acoustic properties of the structure. A comprehensive study is performed to highlight the effect of the temperature loading position, temperature range, and heated area on the acoustic radiation responses of composite laminated plates with different elastic supports. The results show that the existence of thermal stress has a great influence on the acoustic radiation of the structure at low frequencies, which is affected by the boundary constraints and heated areas.
Combination of Ribociclib and Gemcitabine for the Treatment of Medulloblastoma
Authors: Pribnow Allison , Jonchere Barbara , Liu Jingjing , Smith Kyle S. , Campagne Olivia , Xu Ke , Robinson Sarah , Patel Yogesh , Onar-Thomas Arzu , Wu Gang , Stewart Clinton F. , Northcott Paul A. , Yu Jiyang , Robinson Giles W. , Roussel Martine F.
Published: August 2022

Group3 (G3) medulloblastoma (MB) is one of the deadliest forms of the disease for which novel treatment is desperately needed. Here we evaluate ribociclib, a highly selective CDK4/6 inhibitor, with gemcitabine in mouse and human G3MBs. Ribociclib central nervous system (CNS) penetration was assessed by in vivo microdialysis and by IHC and gene expression studies and found to be CNS-penetrant. Tumors from mice treated with short term oral ribociclib displayed inhibited RB phosphorylation, downregulated E2F target genes, and decreased proliferation. Survival studies to determine the efficacy of ribociclib and gemcitabine combination were performed on mice intracranially implanted with luciferase-labeled mouse and human G3MBs. Treatment of mice with the combination of ribociclib and gemcitabine was well tolerated, slowed tumor progression and metastatic spread, and increased survival. Expression-based gene activity and cell state analysis investigated the effects of the combination after short- and long-term treatments. Molecular analysis of treated versus untreated tumors showed a significant decrease in the activity and expression of genes involved in cell-cycle progression and DNA damage response, and an increase in the activity and expression of genes implicated in neuronal identity and neuronal differentiation. Our findings in both mouse and human patient-derived orthotopic xenograft models suggest that ribociclib and gemcitabine combination therapy warrants further investigation as a treatment strategy for children with G3MB.
Trastuzumab Deruxtecan, Antibody–Drug Conjugate Targeting HER2, Is Effective in Pediatric Malignancies: A Report by the Pediatric Preclinical Testing Consortium
Authors: Hingorani Pooja , Zhang Wendong , Zhang Zhongting , Xu Zhaohui , Wang Wei-Lien , Roth Michael E. , Wang Yifei , Gill Jonathan B. , Harrison Douglas J. , Teicher Beverly A. , Erickson Stephen W. , Gatto Gregory , Kolb Edward A. , Smith Malcolm A. , Kurmasheva Raushan T. , Houghton Peter J. , Gorlick Richard
Published: August 2022

HER2 is expressed in many pediatric solid tumors and is a target for innovative immune therapies including CAR-T cells and antibody–drug conjugates (ADC). We evaluated the preclinical efficacy of trastuzumab deruxtecan (T-DXd, DS-8201a), a humanized monoclonal HER2-targeting antibody conjugated to a topoisomerase 1 inhibitor, DXd, in patient- and cell line–derived xenograft (PDX/CDX) models. HER2 mRNA expression was determined using RNA-seq and protein expression via IHC across multiple pediatric tumor PDX models. Osteosarcoma (OS), malignant rhabdoid tumor (MRT), and Wilms tumor (WT) models with varying HER2 expression were tested using 10 mice per group. Additional histologies such as Ewing sarcoma (EWS), rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS), neuroblastoma (NB), and brain tumors were evaluated using single mouse testing (SMT) experiments. T-DXd or vehicle control was administered intravenously to mice harboring established flank tumors at a dose of 5 mg/kg on day 1. Event-free survival (EFS) and objective response were compared between treatment and control groups. HER2 mRNA expression was observed across histologies, with the highest expression in WT (median = 22 FPKM), followed by MRT, OS, and EWS. The relationship between HER2 protein and mRNA expression was inconsistent. T-DXd significantly prolonged EFS in 6/7 OS, 2/2 MRT, and 3/3 WT PDX models. Complete response (CR) or maintained CR (MCR) were observed for 4/5 WT and MRT models, whereas stable disease was the best response among OS models. SMT experiments also demonstrated activity across multiple solid tumors. Clinical trials assessing the efficacy of a HER2-directed ADC in pediatric patients with HER2-expressing tumors should be considered.
Discovery and Characterization of a Novel Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Inhibitor, IK-175, and Its Inhibitory Activity on Tumor Immune Suppression
Authors: McGovern Karen , Castro Alfredo C. , Cavanaugh Jill , Coma Silvia , Walsh Meghan , Tchaicha Jeremy , Syed Sakeena , Natarajan Prabitha , Manfredi Mark , Zhang Xiaoyan M. , Ecsedy Jeffrey
Published: August 2022

Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) is a transcription factor that regulates the activity of multiple innate and adaptive immune cells subsequent to binding to numerous endogenous and exogenous ligands. For example, AHR is activated by the metabolite kynurenine, which is secreted into the tumor microenvironment by cancer cells leading to broad immunosuppression. Therefore, AHR inhibition provides a novel and ideal approach to stimulate immune-mediated recognition and subsequent eradication of tumor cells. We report here the discovery and characterization of IK-175, a novel, potent and selective AHR antagonist with favorable ADME and pharmacokinetic profiles in preclinical species. IK-175 inhibits AHR activity in experimental systems derived from multiple species including mouse, rat, monkey, and humans. In human primary immune cells, IK-175 decreased AHR target gene expression and anti-inflammatory cytokine release and increased proinflammatory cytokine release. Moreover, IK-175 led to a decrease in suppressive IL17A–, IL-22+ expressing T cells in a Th17 differentiation assay. IK-175 dose dependently blocks ligand-stimulated AHR activation of Cyp1a1 transcription in mouse liver and spleen, demonstrating on-target in vivo activity. IK-175 increases proinflammatory phenotype of the tumor microenvironment in mouse syngeneic tumors and in adjacent tumor-draining lymph nodes. As a monotherapy and combined with an anti-PD-1 antibody, IK-175 demonstrates antitumor activity in syngeneic mouse models of colorectal cancer and melanoma. IK-175 also demonstrates antitumor activity combined with liposomal doxorubicin in syngeneic mouse tumors. These studies provide rationale for targeting AHR in patients with cancer. IK-175 is being evaluated in a phase I clinical trial in patients with advanced solid tumors.
Prevalence and Correlates of Overweight and Obesity in 12 European Countries in 2017–2018
Authors: Stival Chiara , Lugo Alessandra , Odone Anna , van den Brandt Piet A , Fernandez Esteve , Tigova Olena , Soriano Joan B. , José López Maria , Scaglioni Silvia , Gallus Silvano ,   TackSHS Project Investigators
Published: August 2022

Introduction: Using data from the TackSHS survey, we aim to provide updated estimates on the prevalence and determinants of overweight and obesity in Europe. Methods: A face-to-face survey was conducted in 2017–2018 in 12 European countries (Bulgaria, England, France, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Poland, Portugal, Romania, and Spain). Overall, 10,810 participants, representative in each country of the general adult population, provided information on self-reported height and weight. Results: Almost half of participants (48.1%; 95% confidence interval, CI: 47.2–49.1) reported to be overweight or obese (54.1% in men and 42.5% in women) and 12.6% (95% CI: 12.0–13.2) obese (11.3% in men and 13.8% in women). Obesity prevalence was lowest in Italy (7.5%) and France (8.8%) and highest in Greece (19.7%) and Romania (21.1%). Multilevel logistic random-effects analyses showed that prevalence of obesity was related with higher age and lower level of education and socioeconomic status. As compared to northern European countries, Western and Southern European ones showed a significantly lower obesity prevalence. When compared to a companion study conducted in 2010, Eastern and Northern European countries showed an increased trend in obesity prevalence. Conversely, countries with the lowest obesity prevalence (less than 10%), such as Italy and France, showed a decreased trend. Conclusions: Despite a large heterogeneity across countries, overweight and obesity prevalence estimates in Europe are alarming, with most of the countries reporting obesity prevalence approaching 20% or more, particularly in Eastern and Northern Europe. Since 2010, obesity prevalence increased in most of these countries.
Barriers to and Facilitators of Participation in Weight Loss Intervention for Patients with Suboptimal Weight Loss after Bariatric Surgery: A Qualitative Study among Patients, Physicians, and Therapists
Authors: Tettero Onno M. , Westerman Marjan J. , van Stralen Maartje M. , van den Beuken Meike , Monpellier Valerie M. , Janssen Ignace M.C. , Steenhuis Ingrid H.M.
Published: August 2022

Introduction: Not all patients with suboptimal weight loss after bariatric surgery are willing to participate in postoperative behavioral intervention to improve their weight loss. The objective of this study was to explore barriers to and facilitators of participation in postoperative behavioral intervention. Methods: Thirty semi-structured interviews were conducted with patients (18), physicians (6), and therapists (6) (i.e., psychologists, dieticians, or physiotherapists). A thematic analysis approach was used. Results: Emotional responses caused by confrontation with suboptimal weight loss hampered patients’ deliberation about participation; insufficient exploration of their need for help limited patients’ ability to make informed decisions; patients were receptive to their physician’s advice when their physician respected their autonomy; using visual weight loss graphs helped to explain suboptimal weight loss to patients; and financial costs and time constraints obstructed participation. Conclusions: To improve adequate intervention participation, healthcare providers should focus on emotion regulation, support patients in exploring their own need for help, and respect patients’ autonomy.
Long-Term Follow-Up after Surgery for Chronic Pancreatitis: A Bicentric Retrospective Experience
Authors: Surci Niccolò , Bassi Claudio , Salvia Roberto , Marchegiani Giovanni , Casetti Luca , Deiro Giacomo , Bergmann Christina , Walenta Klaus , Tamandl Dietmar , Schindl Martin , Sahora Klaus , Mühlbacher Jakob
Published: August 2022

Introduction: The impact of surgery on nutritional status, pancreatic function, and symptoms of patients affected by chronic pancreatitis (CP) has not been unequivocally determined. This study aimed to evaluate clinical follow-up after surgery for CP in an Italian-Austrian population. Materials and Methods: Patients operated for CP at two high-volume centers between 2000 and 2018 were analyzed. The following parameters were compared between the pre- and postoperative period: nutritional status, endocrine and exocrine pancreatic functions, and chronic pain. Results: Overall, 186 patients underwent surgery for CP. Among these, 68 (40%) answered a specific follow-up questionnaire. The body mass index showed a significant increase between pre- and postoperative assessments (21.1 vs. 22.5 p = 0.003). Furthermore, a 60% decrease in the prevalence of chronic pain (81 vs. 21%, p < 0.001) was observed. On the contrary, both exocrine and endocrine pancreatic functions pointed toward a worsening after surgery, with consistent higher rates of patients presenting with diabetes mellitus, as well as patients requiring insulin therapy and oral intake of pancreatic enzymes. The analysis of body composition performed on 40 (24%) patients with a complete imaging pack revealed no significant change in the nutritional status after surgery. Discussion/Conclusion: Despite the good results observed in terms of pain relief, the surgical approach led to a consistent worsening of the global pancreatic function. No significant influence of surgery on the nutritional status of patients was detected.
The Future of Constructivist Education
Authors: Kritt David , Budwig Nancy
Published: August 2022

We make the case that there is an urgent need to revitalize the reach of constructivist education into both K-12 public schools and higher education. After considering the current state of the theory and practice of constructivist education, we argue that disparities between theory and practice arise from the divergent conceptual-frameworks constructivist theorists and educators hold. To examine this, core aspects of the approach centering on process, agency, and holism are examined, juxtaposing constructivist theory to ostensibly constructivist classroom practices. Disparities between theory and practice arise from the complexity of constructivist theory and difficulties practitioners face in understanding and using it. Drawing on differences between relational-developmental process accounts versus educators’ more split-mechanistic framings, we suggest entry points to addressing the chasm between theory and common practice, including the need to explicitly consider how the theory has been elaborated and how it has been presented in order to change the educational dialog.
Developmental Perspectives on Social Inequalities and Human Rights
Authors: Killen Melanie , Elenbaas Laura , Ruck Martin D.
Published: August 2022

Social inequalities and human rights are inevitably linked to children’s and adolescents’ healthy development. Children who experience structural and interpersonal inequalities in access to resources and opportunities based on their gender, race, ethnicity, or other group categories are denied the right to fair treatment, which contributes to stress, anxiety, and depression. We assert that investigating the psychological perspectives that children hold regarding inequalities and human rights is necessary for creating fair and just societies. We take a constructivist approach to this topic which seeks to understand how individuals interpret and evaluate observed and experienced inequalities. Even young children think about these issues and act on their beliefs and experiences about human deveolopment. Throughout development, individuals weigh multiple, potentially conflicting considerations when interpreting, evaluating, and responding to social inequalities and rights violations. In these complex contexts, children and adolescents are neither fully “moral” nor fully “prejudiced.” Rather, critical questions for research in this area concern when, why, and for whom young people reject inequalities and support rights, and, by contrast, when, why, and for whom they accept that inequalities and rights violations should be allowed to persist. This paper provides a brief overview of how different conceptions of social inequalities and rights are intrinsically linked together.
Sobre aprendizagens e perspectivas do ensino remoto de língua alemã: introdução ao dossiê temático
Authors: Stanke Roberta Cristina Sol Fernandes , Ferreira Mergenfel Vaz
Published: August 2022

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Freud, tradutor do instinto
Authors: Souza Pedro Fernandez de
Published: August 2022

Neste artigo, pretendemos reavaliar a querela tradutória em torno do Trieb freudiano. Primeiro, destacamos trechos em que Freud, ao citar Frazer, Trotter e Le Bon, traduz o termo “instinct” ora por “Instinkt”, ora por “Trieb”, de forma indiferenciada. Também retomamos a tradução que Freud fez de livros de Bernheim, em que emprega “Instinct” para traduzir o “instinct” francês. Na segunda seção do artigo, abordamos criticamente a opção tradutória hoje mais aceita no Brasil: “pulsão”. Esboçamos uma pequena história dessa escolha tradutória, tendo em vista que, enquanto Freud era vivo, ele jamais se opôs ao uso de “instinto”. A escolha por “pulsion” (arcaísmo obsoleto por séculos) ocorreu primeiramente na França, porém não somente por motivos etimológicos ou semânticos, pois também fez parte de toda uma reinterpretação (antinaturalista) da teoria freudiana. O termo “pulsion” – de certa forma o epicentro vocabular dessa releitura francesa – disseminou-se, tornando-se uma verdadeira visão consolidada, aceita tacitamente por boa parte dos tradutores de Freud não só na França, como no Brasil, na Argentina, na Itália. A partir de considerações teóricas sobre o estatuto do Trieb na teoria freudiana, e munidos dos fatos tradutórios discutidos na primeira seção do artigo, esboçamos então uma crítica ao uso de “pulsão”.
Multielectrode Contact Measurement Can Improve Long-Term Outcome of Pulmonary Vein Isolation Using Circular Single-Pulse Electroporation Ablation
Authors: Groen Marijn H.A. , van Driel Vincent J.H.M. , Neven Kars , van Wessel Harry , de Bakker Jacques M.T. , Doevendans Pieter A.F. , Wittkampf Fred H.M. , Loh Peter , van Es René
Published: August 2022

Background:

Irreversible electroporation (IRE) ablation is generally performed with multielectrode catheters. Electrode-tissue contact is an important predictor for the success of pulmonary vein (PV) isolation; however, contact force is difficult to measure with multielectrode ablation catheters. In a preclinical study, we assessed the feasibility of a multielectrode impedance system (MEIS) as a predictor of long-term success of PV isolation. In addition, we present the first-in-human clinical experience with MEIS.

Methods:

In 10 pigs, one PV was ablated based on impedance (MEIS group), and the other PV was solely based on local electrogram information (EP group). IRE ablations were performed at 200 J. After 3 months, recurrence of conduction was assessed. Subsequently, in 30 patients undergoing PV isolation with IRE, MEIS was evaluated and MEIS contact values were compared to local electrograms.

Results:

In the porcine study, 43 IRE applications were delivered in 19 PVs. Acutely, no reconnections were observed in either group. After 3 months, 0 versus 3 (
P
=0.21) PVs showed conduction recurrence in the MEIS and EP groups, respectively. Results from the clinical study showed a significant linear relation was found between mean MEIS value and bipolar dV/dt (r
2
=0.49,
P
<0.001), with a slope of 20.6 mV/s per Ohm.

Conclusions:

Data from the animal study suggest that MEIS values predict effective IRE applications. For the long-term success of electrical PV isolation with circular IRE applications, no significant difference in efficacy was found between ablation based on the measurement of electrode interface impedance and ablation using the classical EP approach for determining electrode-tissue contact. Experiences of the first clinical use of MEIS were promising and serve as an important basis for future research.
Higher Arm Versus Lower Arm Systolic Blood Pressure and Cardiovascular Outcomes: a Meta-Analysis of Individual Participant Data From the INTERPRESS-IPD Collaboration
Authors: Clark Christopher E. , Warren Fiona C. , Boddy Kate , McDonagh Sinéad T.J. , Moore Sarah F. , Teresa Alzamora Maria , Ramos Blanes Rafel , Chuang Shao-Yuan , Criqui Michael H. , Dahl Marie , Engström Gunnar , Erbel Raimund , Espeland Mark , Ferrucci Luigi , Guerchet Maëlenn , Hattersley Andrew , Lahoz Carlos , McClelland Robyn L. , McDermott Mary M. , Price Jackie , Stoffers Henri E. , Wang Ji-Guang , Westerink Jan , White James , Cloutier Lyne , Taylor Rod S. , Shore Angela C. , McManus Richard J , Aboyans Victor , Campbell John L.
Published: August 2022

BACKGROUND:

Guidelines recommend measuring blood pressure (BP) in both arms, adopting the higher arm readings for diagnosis and management. Data to support this recommendation are lacking. We evaluated associations of higher and lower arm systolic BPs with diagnostic and treatment thresholds, and prognosis in hypertension, using data from the Inter-arm Blood Pressure Difference—Individual Participant Data Collaboration.

METHODS:

One-stage multivariable Cox regression models, stratified by study, were used to examine associations of higher or lower reading arm BPs with cardiovascular mortality, all-cause mortality, and cardiovascular events, in individual participant data meta-analyses pooled from 23 cohorts. Cardiovascular events were modelled for Framingham and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk scores. Model fit was compared throughout using Akaike information criteria. Proportions reclassified across guideline recommended intervention thresholds were also compared.

RESULTS:

We analyzed 53 172 participants: mean age 60 years; 48% female. Higher arm BP, compared with lower arm, reclassified 12% of participants at either 130 or 140 mm Hg systolic BP thresholds (both
P<
0.001). Higher arm BP models fitted better for all-cause mortality, cardiovascular mortality, and cardiovascular events (all
P
<0.001). Higher arm BP models better predicted cardiovascular events with Framingham and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk scores (both
P
<0.001) and reclassified 4.6% and 3.5% of participants respectively to higher risk categories compared with lower arm BPs).

CONCLUSIONS:

Using BP from higher instead of lower reading arms reclassified 12% of people over thresholds used to diagnose hypertension. All prediction models performed better when using the higher arm BP. Both arms should be measured for accurate diagnosis and management of hypertension.

REGISTRATION:

URL:
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov
; Unique identifier: CRD42015031227.
Differential Sex-Specific Effects of Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibition and Angiotensin Receptor Blocker Therapy on Arterial Function in Hypertension: CALIBREX Trial
Authors: Rogers Steven C. , Ko Yi-An , Quyyumi Arshed A. , Hajjar Ihab
Published: August 2022

Background:

Increased arterial stiffness is associated with adverse cardiovascular outcomes. We studied the sex-specific impact of angiotensin antagonists on vascular function in hypertension with the hypothesis that their effects on arterial stiffness may be variable in men and women.

Methods:

In 141 hypertensive participants with mild cognitive impairment (age 65.9±7.7, 57% female), candesartan (up to 32 mg, n=77) or lisinopril (up to 40 mg, n=64) were administered to achieve blood pressure <140/90 mm Hg. Pulse wave velocity, central pulse pressure, and central augmentation index were measured using applanation tonometry (SphygmoCor, Australia). Multivariate linear regression and mixed model analyses were performed using intention-to-treat and per protocol analyses for those completing the study.

Results:

Blood pressure reduction was similar among candesartan and lisinopril groups. Compared with candesartan, lisinopril therapy resulted in lower pulse wave velocity (0.5±0.8 versus −0.7±0.4 m/s, respectively;
P
=0.003) and central pulse pressure (−1±3 versus −7±4 mm Hg;
P
=0.03) after 1 year. There was a significant interaction by sex whereby the improvements in pulse wave velocity and central pulse pressure with lisinopril compared with candesartan were only observed in women. In contrast, there was greater improvement in augmentation index with candesartan compared with lisinopril (−4±7% versus −1.5±8%;
P
=0.05), with no sex differences.

Conclusions:

Despite equipotent antihypertensive effects, lisinopril was more effective than candesartan at lowering arterial stiffness in women. In contrast, candesartan was more effective than lisinopril in improving pulse wave reflections in both sexes. These findings demonstrate differential sex-specific effects of renin-angiotensin system antagonists on arterial function in hypertension that may contribute to long-term cardiovascular and neurocognitive outcomes in this population.
Factors Associated With Enhanced Low‐Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Lowering With Bempedoic Acid
Authors: Ballantyne Christie M. , Bays Harold E. , Louie Michael J. , Smart Jeremy , Zhang Yang , Ray Kausik K.
Published: August 2022

Background

Bempedoic acid (BA) inhibits ATP‐citrate lyase in the cholesterol synthesis pathway and lowers low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL‐C). As with other lipid‐lowering therapies, interindividual variation in response to BA was observed in clinical trials. We characterized LDL‐C response to BA using guideline‐defined statin intensity categories and identified clinical factors associated with enhanced LDL‐C lowering with BA.

Methods and Results

This post hoc analysis used pooled data from 4 phase 3 studies. Patients were randomized 2:1 to once‐daily BA 180 mg (n=2321) or placebo (n=1167) for 12 to 52 weeks and grouped based on percent change in LDL‐C from baseline to week 12 according to guideline‐established statin intensity categories. Factors associated with ≥30% reduction in LDL‐C were identified using logistic regression analyses. From baseline to week 12, BA lowered LDL‐C levels comparable to a moderate‐ or high‐intensity statin (≥30%) in 28.9% of patients; this degree of LDL‐C lowering was observed in 50.9% of patients not receiving background statin therapy. In a multivariable analysis, the absence of statins, female sex, a history of diabetes, ezetimibe use, and higher high‐sensitivity C‐reactive protein level were associated with increased rates of achieving ≥30% LDL‐C reduction with BA (
P
<0.01 for each).

Conclusions

A large percentage of patients receiving BA achieved LDL‐C reductions comparable to a moderate‐ or high‐intensity statin. Factors including statin absence, female sex, diabetes history, ezetimibe use, and a higher high‐sensitivity C‐reactive protein level may be useful to identify patients who may have a greater LDL‐C reduction with BA.

Registration

URL:
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov
; Unique identifiers: NCT02666664, NCT02991118, NCT02988115, NCT03001076.
The Turkish Bethylidae (Hymenoptera, Chrysidoidea) fauna, with the new records of Epyrinae and Scleroderminae
Authors: CAN İLYAS
Published: August 2022

This study includes the specimens of Epyrinae and Scleroderminae subfamilies belonging to the family of Bethylidae collected from Samsun and Tokat provinces of Turkey between 2006 and 2022. Insect specimens were collected through insect net and hand picking method. At the end of the study, three species belonging to three genera of Epyrinae, Epyris niger Westwood, Gracilepyris rufipes (Say) and Laelius pedatus (Say), and one genus and one species belonging to Scleroderminae, Sclerodermus ephippius Saunders, were determined. This is the first record of the identified species, their genera and subfamilies from Turkey. Brief descriptions of newly recorded species are provided. A preliminary checklist of Turkish Bethylidae (Hymenoptera, Chrysidoidea) is also presented for the first time.
New species and records of Omaliini McLeay, 1825 from Eastern Palaearctic and Oriental regions (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Omaliinae)
Authors: SHAVRIN ALEXEY V.
Published: August 2022

New taxonomic and faunistic data for fifteen species of the tribe of Omaliini McLeay, 1825 from the eastern Palaearctic and Oriental regions are provided. Five species are described and illustrated as new: Carcinocephalus cuccodoroi sp.n. (India: Assam), Paraphloeostiba gracillima sp.n. (Thailand: Chiang Mai), P. moluccensis sp.n. (Indonesia: Yamdena Island), P. subuliformis sp.n. (Laos), and Tetradelus sinensis sp.n. (China: Yunnan). The aedeagus, abdominal segments and spermatheca of Acrolocha wahuiense Zhong, Zhao & Li, 2009, and abdominal segments of the female of P. cooteri Shavrin, 2020, previously known only on males, are illustrated. New records are presented: Nipponophloeostiba longilobata Shavrin, 2020 and Paraphloeostiba formosana Shavrin & Smetana, 2016 from India, P. cooteri from Fujian and Guangdong provinces of China, P. gayndahensis (MacLeay, 1873) from India and Nepal, P. opacicollis Steel, 1960 from Malaysia, Phloeonomus (s.str.) pusillus (Gravenhorst, 1806) from Pakistan, and Phloeostiba plana (Paykull, 1792) from China.
Revisiting Stål's thoughts: formalizing the ictericus group in Euschistus (Euschistus) (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Pentatomidae)
Authors: PAIM MARCELO R. , GRAZIA JOCELIA , RIDER DAVID. A. , BIANCHI FILIPE M.
Published: August 2022

Euschistus Dallas is distributed throughout the Western Hemisphere and is composed of 67 species in three subgenera: Euschistomorphus Jensen-Haarup, Lycipta Stål, and the nominate subgenus. Euschistus (Euschistus) includes several economically important species. Due to the lack of a phylogenetic analysis for the subgenus Euschistus, its groupings are based primarily on male genitalia. In this paper, the following Nearctic taxa that were first grouped together by Stål (1872), namely E. ictericus (Linnaeus), E. variolarius (Palisot de Beauvois), E. servus servus (Say), E. servus euschistoides (Vollenhoven), and E. tristigmus tristigmus (Say), are reviewed and redescribed. Several other similar, and probably related, taxa are also included in this study: E. tristigmus luridus (Dallas), E. inflatus Van Duzee, and E. latimarginatus Zimmer. Morphological patterns pertaining to the internal and external male and female genitalia allowed us to formalize the ictericus group to include the above-mentioned species (except E. tristigmus). The morphological overlap between the subspecies and sympatric areas of distribution have led us to consider E. servus euschistoides as a junior synonym of E. servus servus, and to corroborate the synonymy first proposed by Uhler (1861) of E. tristigmus luridus under E. tristigmus tristigmus.