bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Associations for preschool environmental quality with outdoor time and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity in Norwegian preschools
Authors: Johannessen Kjersti , Bjørnestad Elisabeth , Nilsen Ada Kristine Ofrim , Ylvisåker Einar , Nornes-Nymark Merete , Engeseter Mari , Pedersen Lillian , Aadland Eivind
Published: January 2021

Various aspects of the preschool environment may either promote or restrict children’s moderate- to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), for example through opportunities for outdoor play. The aim of the present study was to determine associations for preschool environmental quality with outdoor time and MVPA in preschoolers. In total, 358 Norwegian 2–6-year-old children had 1–3 valid 14-day periods of accelerometer-determined MVPA (ActiGraph GT3X+) and corresponding logs of preschool outdoor time collected during 2015–2016. The children were enrolled in 30 different preschool departments for which we assessed environmental quality using the Early Childhood Environment Rating Scale-Revised (ECERS-R). Associations for preschool quality with outdoor time and MVPA were determined using multivariate pattern analysis. We found strong inverse associations between preschool quality and outdoor time (51.4 % explained variance), and weak inverse associations between preschool quality and MVPA (5.4 % explained variance). Associations were strongest for the “Space and Furnishings”, “Personal Care Routines”, “Language-Reasoning”, and “Interaction” subscales of ECERS-R, in particular for aspects of safety practices. Children enrolled in departments rated as high quality spent less time outdoors and less time in MVPA. Thus, recognized quality aspects of preschool environments, in particular safety practices, might restrict children’s movement opportunities.
Charterer’s liability insurance: An evaluation of the charterer’s insurance options and recommendations
Authors:   , Kounakou Stlyliani
Published: December 2020

The charterer’s liability insurance as an insurance product is relatively new in practice, with the academic bibliography referring to it being considerably limited. Therefore, the primary aim of this work is to shed some light on the way this concept works and ascertain whether charterers are adeptly protected and represented within the insurance world, given their established liability exposure under time and voyage charters. In order for this aim to be achieved, firstly the charterer’s liabilities are identified and divided among those arising under time and voyage charters, either in contract, tort or statute. It follows an examination of the concept of charterer’s liability insurance protection and an evaluation of the three types of charterer’s insurance providers (i.e shipowners’ P&I Clubs, commercial mutual and fixed premium insurers). Also, a comparative analysis is carried out among twenty three different charterer’s liability covers and their scope is presented in-depth with practical examples of application provided through interviews by some charterers and their insurance representatives. The research finally concludes with the belief that charterers are sufficiently represented in the insurance world by the existing insurance providers, with a particular preference being shown over fixed premium insurers. It further establishes that even though the scope of charterer’s liability cover seems to protect charterers against the majority of risks they are exposed to, it does not suffice itself to answer to their overall liability, as it does not take into account certain main areas of their exposure. So, it is argued that charterer’s liability insurance can only work effectively when combined with additional layers of protection. Last, the evaluation of charterer’s cover concludes highlighting that the efficacy of charterer’s cover will be certainly challenged when new liabilities emerge in near future referring particularly to bunkers, cyber-security and “smart shipping”.
Utilizing Vulnerability and Risk Indexes for Cultural Heritage in Yogyakarta and Central Java
Authors: Hizbaron Dyah Rahmawati , Lukafiardi Radikal , Aprilianti Christina , Jati Raditya
Published: January 2021

Indonesia is home to many cultural heritages which are exposed to natural disaster, its number has grown by 400% within the years of 1975-2010.  In order to protect the cultural heritages, the national government released InaRisk – a web based geospatial data to identify risk information. This application, however, not fully apprises its users of the potential loss that cultural heritage objects, especially temples, may sustain. For these reasons, the research set out to evaluate the potential loss of temples by making use of disaster vulnerability and risk approaches. Seven temples were exposed to earthquake and landslide hazards; hence, observed as the research object on a micro-scale. The research method combined tabular, spatial, and temporal data of several indicators, namely types of building materials, building’s structural integrity after earthquakes and landslides, the number of salvageable objects, building age, significance, historical value, and the number of visitors. The results showed that Prambanan and Sewu Temples had the most substantial amounts of potential losses incurred from damages to at-risk elements, namely the numbers of visitors, employees, and supporting facilities and their distances to sources of hazards. Assessing the numerical values of losses requires further improvements in accuracy as it has not thoroughly factored in the significance of the temples, which is composed of historical value, building age, number of visitors, and other components. Valuation of this significance is still limited to currently available data, including the price of the constituent rocks, area and volume, and supporting facilities.
Queratopigmentación: modo de uso e indicaciones médicas.
Authors: Revelo Hidalgo Kevin Orlando , Paguay Orozco Lisseth , Guamán Criollo Jeanette , Mena Cajas Ginna , Huanca Jumbo Katty , Gonzaga Mora Katherine
Published: January 2021

Introducción: La queratopigmentación también conocida con el nombre de tatuaje corneal es usada principalmente por algunos pacientes que tengan algún tipo de alteración tanto en la córnea como en el iris, pero también se ha hecho popular en personas sanas con el objetivo de cambiar la coloración ocular. La tinta utilizada proveniente de la misma que es utilizada en la piel también se encuentra pigmentos de tipo mineral micronizados biocompatibles, las consecuencias de la queratopigmentación en personas sanas que se realizan por personas sin capacitación médica. Materiales y Métodos. Se realizó una revisión sistemática computarizada de los últimos 6 años a través de la pregunta PICO estructurando la siguiente: ¿en el tatuaje ocular en personas sanas cuales son los riesgos de daño ocular? Se incluyeron artículos en el idioma español e inglés, el material recabado fueron 35 artículos. Resultados. La técnica utiliza una aguja recubierta de tinta que oscila aproximadamente 100 veces por segundo, depositando pigmentos de tinta a 1.5–2 mm por debajo de la superficie. Conclusiones. Actualmente, la técnica quirúrgica de queratopigmentación, o tatuaje corneal, en pacientes sanos no existe una indicación médica, las complicaciones que presenta son la profundidad de afectación y por la composición de la tintura, ya que las personas que lo realizan no son personal médico.
Aplicación del test de Findrisc para determinación del riesgo de Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2 en poblaciones rurales de la sierra ecuatoriana.
Authors: Andrade Díaz Cintya Alejandra , Matehus Balarezo Daniel Efraín , Villarroel Ronquillo César Iván
Published: January 2021

Introducción: La diabetes mellitus tipo 2 (DM2) es una de las enfermedades con mayor tasa de mortalidad en el Ecuador. La prueba findrisc para tamizaje de diabetes, permite calcular el riesgo de diabetes en 10 años. Objetivo: Identificar el riesgo de diabetes según la prueba findrisc en pacientes de dos centros de salud de la sierra ecuatoriana. Materiales y métodos: Estudio descriptivo, realizado entre septiembre 2018 y enero 2019, en pacientes atendidos por el servicio de medicina general de los centros de salud de Cotogchoa y Cachisagua, ubicados en las provincias de Pichincha y Bolívar respectivamente. Se incluyeron pacientes con al menos un factor de riesgo de la prueba findrisc. Para el análisis de datos se empleó el programa SPSS 23.0. Resultados: En Cotogchoa más prevalente el sobrepeso (42%), en Cachisagua la obesidad grado II (47%). El perímetro abdominal promedio en Cotogchoa fue de 94 cm (DE12), mientras que en Cachisagua fue 99 cm (DE12). La prevalencia de personas que realizan actividad física diaria recreativa en Cotogchoa fue 33%, vs 8,5% en Cachisagua. La prevalencia de personas que consumen frutas y verduras diariamente en Cotogchoa fue 45,5% vs 2,5% en Cachisagua. Según la prueba Findrisc, en Cachisagua se detectó un mayor nivel de riesgo de DMT2 que en Cotogchoa (moderado vs ligeramente elevado, respectivamente). Conclusiones: En ambas poblaciones, más del 50% de personas presentan valores elevados de IMC, perímetro abdominal, sedentarismo y escaso consumo diario de frutas y verduras; sin embargo, en Cachisagua estos parámetros son superiores a Cotogchoa, posiblemente relacionado a factores dietéticos y sociodemográficos.
Conocimientos sobre la higiene de manos en el talento humano de salud. Un enfoque ocupacional
Authors: ESTRADA NEREIDA ESTEFANIA
Published: January 2021

Introducción. El reto de la Organización Mundial de la Salud es controlar las infecciones a nivel de establecimientos de salud, considerándose un problema de salud pública, que guarda relación con resistencia antimicrobiana, infecciones nosocomiales, entre otros. Objetivo. Determinar el nivel de conocimiento del talento humano de salud del Hospital Gineco Obstétrico de Nueva Aurora “Luz Elena Arismendi” (HGONA), sobre la higiene de manos con un enfoque ocupacional. Materiales y Métodos. Estudio descriptivo transversal, aplicado en el talento humano de salud  del HGONA, mediante la aplicación de una encuesta modificada “Hand Hygiene Knowlendge Questionnaire for Healt-Care Workers” para proponer medidas de mejora continua. Resultados. La tasa de respuesta fue del 39% (n=313) de un universo de 804, el 78% fueron mujeres con predominio de grupo de edad entre 25 a 34 años, el personal de enfermería son los que más respondieron a la encuesta 36%. La formación de higiene de manos en los últimos 3 años responde afirmativamente un 98%. Existe un promedio de 53% de respuestas correctas de conocimiento de higiene de manos. Las preguntas implementadas con un enfoque ocupacional son 90% de respuestas correctas. Conclusiones. La formación en higiene de manos es alta, sin embargo, el promedio del conocimiento de higiene de manos es bajo (53,3%), las preguntas con el enfoque ocupacional proporcionan datos altos (90%); sin embargo no existe correlación al conocimiento (53,3%).
Hormona Paratiroidea Sérica como Predictor de Hipocalcemia Posterior a Tiroidectomía
Authors: Alban Tigre Jorge Luis , Montalvo Mario , Zárate Sofía , Villarreal Andrea , Puente William , Muñoz Carmina , Sanchez Diana
Published: January 2021

Antecedentes: La enfermedad neoplásica de tiroides tiene una prevalencia del 4 al 7% y en la mayoría de casos requiere resolución quirúrgica; en Ecuador se ha reportado que el 29,33% de las cirugías cursaron con complicaciones, alcanzando el hipoparatiroidismo un 24,67%. Objetivo evaluar la utilidad de la PTH como predictor de hipocalcemia posterior a tiroidectomía total. Materiales y Métodos: un estudio observacional retrospectivo se llevó a cabo, con pacientes adultos sometidos a tiroidectomía total en el Hospital Metropolitano-Quito durante el periodo 2017-2018. Se midió la correlación entre los niveles de PTH con la hipocalcemia clínica, niveles de calcio total e iónico, estancia hospitalaria y reingresos o atenciones emergentes; mediante los estadísticos Spearman (rho) o Pearson (r) según fue necesario. Resultados: Se estudiaron 86 pacientes con un promedio de edad de 47 años (DS ±8.5 años), se determinó PTH en el 46,1% de hombres y 41,1% de mujeres. La correlación entre los episodios de hipocalcemia clínica y los niveles de PTH fue negativa (rho: - 0,764; p 0,004). No hubo una correlación significativa entre los niveles de PTH y niveles de calcio total o iónico, estancia hospitalaria y reingresos por emergencia. Conclusiones: la determinación de niveles de PTH en el posquirúrgico es útil para la predicción de hipocalcemia clínica posibilitando su tratamiento oportuno. Sin embargo, se considera necesario extender la investigación a otros centros para establecer su utilidad y sus posibles beneficios a nivel local.
The Effect of GIL Assisted Phyphox in Physics Learning towards Creative Thinking
Authors:   Department of Physics Education, Lampung University, Indonesia, dwi fatmala firda , wahyudi ismu ,   Department of Physics Education, Lampung University, Indonesia, Suyanto Eko ,   Department of Physics Education, Lampung University, Indonesia, Herlina Kartini ,   Department of Physics Education, Lampung University, Indonesia
Published: January 2021

This study aims to determine how the effect of the Phyphox application on GIL based physics learning on students' creative thinking abilities. The sample of this research is students of class X IPA 3 SMA Negeri 1 Sukoharjo through purposive sampling technique. This study uses the One Group Pretest-Posttest design. The treatment was carried out through GIL based practicum activities on a simple pendulum assisted by Phyphox application. Data on students' creative thinking abilities were obtained using tests in the form of description questions. Data analysis technique using Paired Sample T-test. Based on data analysis, the average score of creative thinking ability has increased by 44%. Learning on simple pendulum materials assisted by Phyphox applications in five groups has an average acceleration due to gravity of 9,87 with an accuracy rate of 98,6%. The result is that GIL based physics learning assisted with the Phyphox application affects students' creative thinking abilities and produces accurate investigative data. Keywords: Creative Thinking Abilities, GIL, Online, Phyphox applications, Smartphone
PENGARUH PERHATIAN ORANG TUA TERHADAP PRESTASI BELAJAR SISWA KELAS V SD NEGERI 1 KALIWUNGU KUDUS
Authors: Aufar Zulfahmi Edgar , Masturi Masturi
Published: January 2021

The attitudes and attention of parents, both father and mother, towards their children in learning activities will have a positive effect on learning outcomes. Parents attention can be shown by communication. Communication made by parents to their children in an atmosphere of intimacy by asking about their learning at school or the difficulties they face can help children in learning. People who supervise their children's education will be able to find out student achievement so that parents can take action against their children if the child's learning achievement decreases. The research methodology includes the location of this research is SD Negeri Kaliwungu Kudus. The population as well as the sample of all fifth grade students of SD Negeri 1 Kaliwungu Kudus totaled 25 students. In this study. Data collection techniques using observation, questionnaires, documentation, interviews. The data analysis technique used simple lineier regression analysis. The results of the F test obtained F results of 50.612 with a significance of 0.00 so that it can be concluded that there is a variable influence of people's attention on student achievement variables, with the conclusion that if F count is greater than F table or the level of significance / probability is 0.000 <0.05. then the null hypothesis (Ho) is rejected, the Work Hypothesis (Ha) which says there is a variable influence of parental attention on student learning achievement variables is accepted
ANALISIS PELAKSANAAN KURIKULUM 2013 KELAS VI DI SDK FRATER XAVERIUS 2 PALEMBANG
Authors: Triayomi Ria , Meita Larassandi Avelina
Published: January 2021

The aims of this study are to describe the analysis result from the implementation of 2013 Curriculum in VI class at SDK Frater Xaverius 2 Palembang, also to describe the constraints and solutions that have been made by the teachers. Analysis of the implementation of the 2013 Curriculum was carried out by comparing the Lesson Plans (RPP) with the Teaching Journal. Researcher assess that material compatibility between planning and implementation was needed. This research is descriptive qualitative research. The subjects in this study are four parallel teachers of class VI and using purposive sampling in determined the subject to analyzed the documentation. Data collection techniques were through interviews with research subjects and document analysis of one teacher from class VI. Data analysis were done by collecting data, reducing data, presenting data, and drawing conclusions. Based on research that has been done, it can be concluded that there are 38.66% similarities and 61.33% differences in class VI material between planning and implementation of the first semester. This is complemented by the results of interviews stating that there is an Iris Curriculum to adjust to the lesson grid provided by the Government. Obstacles faced by teachers are including too much material content, limited time, in-depth material, and the application of character values. The solutions that have been made were providing additional material, utilizing facilities and infrastructure, class outing, also using creative and fun models and methods.
KECAKAPAN MANAJEMEN KELAS GURU SEBAGAI UPAYA PENYELESAIAN PROBLEMATIKA PEMBELAJARAN DIMASA PANDEMI COVID 19
Authors: Sutisna Deni
Published: January 2021

This study aims to examine the extent to which teacher classroom management skills are an effort to solve learning problems during the Covid-19 pandemic in primary schools. The object of this research is the 2nd grade elementary school students at SDN Sidamukti Pangalengan Bandung and their teachers. The method used is descriptive method. Data collection was carried out by observation and interview techniques. The interview focused on the classroom teacher because he was the one who knew more about the problems of implementing learning during the Covid-19 pandemic and the solution to it. The results showed that learning problems during the Covid-19 pandemic in grade 2 SDN Sidamukti Pangalengan Bandung were divided into 3 dimensions. The three dimensions include: 1). problems faced by teachers; 2). problems faced by students; and 3). Problems faced by parents of students. The form of classroom management carried out by the teacher includes three stages; 1). The preparation stage by adjusting learning tools from offline learning to online learning, especially adjusting learning program plans (RPP); 2) implementation stage. The learning technique carried out by the teacher includes personal guidance online, forming student groups based on student abilities, making visits to small groups that have been formed beforehand, small groups of students visited by the teacher, providing modules and assignments that are collected and evaluated once a week. With such a management model, learning during the Covid-19 pandemic was more effective than online learning that had been carried out previously.
PENGARUH MODEL PEMBELAJARAN KOOPERATIF TIPE TWO STAY TWO STRAY TERHADAP PENINGKATAN KETERAMPILAN MENYIMAK PESERTA DIDIK PADA MATA PELAJARAN BAHASA INDONESIA
Authors: Priatna Asep , Patmawati Imas
Published: January 2021

This research was motivated by the lack of listening skills of students in Indonesian Language subjects. This study aims to determine the effect of the Two Stay Two Stray type of cooperative learning model on the improvement of students' listening skills in Indonesian. This research was conducted at SDN Rancasari in the 2020/2021 school year with a research sample of 22 grade IV students. This research method using quantitative methods with a pre-experimental research design. Researchers used pretest and posttest to determine the increase and effect of the Two Stay Two Stray type of cooperative learning model. The data collection techniques in this study were through tests, observation and documentation. The data analysis technique in this study uses the N-Gain calculation to measure the improvement of students' listening skills in Indonesian subjects and hypothesis testing (t-test) to determine the effect of the Two Saty Two Stray type of cooperative learning model on improving the listening skills of students in the eyes. Indonesian language lessons. The results showed that (1) there was an influence of the Two Saty Two Stray type of cooperative learning model on the listening skills of students in Indonesian subjects. This is evidenced by the results of the hypothesis test (t test) with a significance value of 0.000 <0.05. And from the results of observations of student activity shows that each meeting has changed as much as 5% with an average result of 72.50% with a good category (2) there is an increase in students' listening skills in Indonesian subjects with an average N-Gain score 0.55 with "medium" criteria. Thus, before the treatment (treatment) and after the treatment (treatment) there is an increase and influence on the listening skills of students. So it can be concluded that there is an effect of the Two Stay Two Stray type of cooperative learning model in improving the listening skills of students in Indonesian subjects.
STEM FROM HOME: THE TRAINING FOR PRIMARY SCHOOL TEACHERS IN BANDUNG WETAN AS A SCIENCE LEARNING ALTERNATIVE DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC
Authors: Trie Kurniawan Dede , Yuniarti Y. , Yanthi N. , Yunansah H. , Sukardi RR , Maryanti S.
Published: January 2021

This Community Service Program aims to increase the ability of elementary school teachers in Bandung Wetan district to develop STEM-based science learning plans during the Covid-19 pandemic. In detail, the objectives of this service can be described as follows: first knowing the teacher's perceptions of the implementation of STEM learning that is carried out in online learning, second knowing the teacher's needs for the implementation of STEM in online learning, the third design of the SFH training program (STEM From Home ) to improve the ability of elementary school teachers in Bandung Wetan sub-district to develop a STEM-based science learning plan during the Covid-19 pandemic and most recently as an effort to describe the ability of elementary school teachers in Bandung Wetan sub-district to develop a STEM-based science learning plan during the Covid-19 pandemic after participating in the program SFH (STEM From Home) training. This service activity targets the target audience is elementary school teachers in the Bandung Wetan district. The number of schools in Bandung Wetan District is 17 with 15 private schools and 2 public elementary schools. On this occasion, the involvement of teachers as many as 28 people was prioritized. A series of PKM activities have been carried out from August to September 2020. And Broadly speaking, the participants of the activities gave positive responses to the implementation of In House Training activities: SFH (STEM From Home) Implementation Strategies as Alternative Learning Ipa During the Covid-19 Pandemic Period for Teachers Bandung Wetan elementary school
Gypsum amendment of arable fields as a water protection measure – farmers’ experience, phosphorus reduction potential and associated costs drawn from a large scale pilot
Authors: Ollikainen Markku , Kosenius Anna-Kaisa , Punttila Eliisa , Ala-Harja Venla , Puroila Samuli , Iho Antti , Ekholm Petri
Published: January 2021

We organized a large-scale pilot on gypsum amendment of arable fields in southwest Finland, along the River Savijoki to examine its effects on phosphorus loads and aquatic environment, and to assess its feasibility as a water protection measure. This paper reports findings on the feasibility aspects of gypsum amendment covering logistics and costs of spreading, abatement potential and farmers’ experience. We found that farmers perceived gypsum amendment positively and the costs of reducing phosphorus are low relative to other measures available in agriculture. Gypsum amendment suits well to 0.5 million hectares of arable land in southern Finland. Gypsum could potentially contribute considerably to the achievement of phosphorus reduction targets of the Baltic Sea Action Plan if applied in all countries having clay soils.
Evaluation of Finnish apple cultivars (Malus domestica Borkh.)
Authors: Krasova Nina , Ozherelieva Zoya , Galasheva Anna
Published: January 2021

The purpose of this research was to study apple cultivars obtained from Luke (previously MTT Piikkiö, Finland) in order to have good candidates for breeding within the central zone of Russia. The studies were carried out in accordance with the methods of cultivar study and artificial freezing by modeling damaging factors using a freezing chamber. The assessment of the cultivars by yield, commodity and consumer qualities of fruit, resistance to adverse abiotic factors of the winter period is given. The ‘Vuokko’ cultivar was identified with a yield significantly higher than Antonovka. By modeling winter damage factors, ‘Sandra’, ‘Samo’ and ‘Make’ cultivars were identified with the resistance of the cambium and wood at the level of ‘Antonovka’, when the temperature in the of mid-winter dropped to –40 °C after hardening off, with the ability to keep the frost resistance at –25 °C after thaw and ability to restore the hardy state by lowering the temperature to –30 °C after thaw and re-hardening off. Cultivars ‘Sandra’, ‘Samo’ and ‘Make’ are recommended for creating new hardy cultivars with high-quality fruits for the temperate continental climate of Europe.
Impacts of organic soil amendments on forage grass production under different soil conditions
Authors: Persson Tomas , Szulc Wieslaw , Rutkowska Beata , Höglind Mats , Hanslin Hans Martin , Sæbø Arne
Published: January 2021

Organic amendments can improve grassland productivity. Timothy and tall fescue were sown on a sandy loam and a coarse sand at Særheim, Norway, in September 2016 and on a loamy sand at Skierniewice, Poland, in April 2017, and cut and fertilised according to normal practices for the two regions from 2017 to 2019. At both sites, 0.75 kg DM m-2 of either digested or undigested manure (the latter with or without 2.9 kg biochar m-2) were incorporated prior to sowing. On the coarse sand at Særheim, total seasonal tall fescue yield in 2018 was 46–60% higher in the organic amendment treatments, and total seasonal timothy yield in the digestate treatment was 97% higher, than in the control treatment for the same species with only mineral fertiliser. On the sandy loam at Særheim and the loamy sand at Skierniewice, none of the amendments resulted in significant yield increments. These results indicate a clear effect on soil type on grassland biomass response to organic amendments.
Effects of feed energy and protein level on growth and pelt parameters in blue foxes (Vulpes lagopus) in the late growing-furring period
Authors: Ylinen Vappu , Mohaibes Maarit , Peura Jussi , Valaja Jarmo
Published: January 2021

The aim of the present study was to determine whether a decrease in feed energy content would prevent extreme body weight (BW) gain and fatness in blue foxes in the late growing-furring period, without compromising pelt quality or pelt size. BW gain, body mass index (BMI), body condition score (BCS), and pelt characteristics were studied in 60 blue foxes divided into four equal-sized groups from mid-October until pelting (50 days). Experimental diets in were “high energy – high protein”, “high energy – low protein”, “low energy – high protein”, and “low energy – low protein”. High-energy diets contained 19.3 MJ metabolisable energy (ME) in kg dry matter (DM) and high-protein diets contained digestible crude protein (DCP) 20% of ME. Low-energy diets contained 16.3 MJ ME in kg DM and low-protein diets DCP 17% of ME. Feeding was gradually increased towards ad libitum. Reduced ME intake had no effect on pelt size or pelt quality. High-energy feeds resulted in heavier animals with higher BMI. However, the final BW exceeded 20 kg and BCS was “fat” or “extremely fat” in all groups.
Protein oxidation and subsequent changes in chicken breast and thigh meats during long-term frozen storage
Authors: Demirok Soncu Eda
Published: January 2021

In this study, protein oxidation and subsequent changes were evaluated during the long-term frozen storage of chicken meat cuts. Boneless and skinless chicken breast and thigh meat cuts were packaged, frozen, and stored at −18 °C for 6 months, whereas physicochemical analysis and electrophoretic protein profile were evaluated every 1 month. In breast and thigh meats, carbonyl content was noted to increase, whereas sulphydryl content decreased during frozen storage (p<0.05). A significant decrease in protein solubility and water holding capacity (p<0.05) was also determined due to denaturation and aggregation of proteins as a result of protein oxidation. Myofibrillar proteins, particularly myosin heavy chain, were identified to be more susceptible to oxidation although no notable changes were determined in sarcoplasmic protein pattern. In general, significant proteolytic changes were particularly noted from the third month of storage onward. This could be a useful finding in order to make a decision for shelf life and thus minimize undesirable quality changes in chicken meats. Additionally, strong correlations were noted between the examined quality parameters.
The efficiency of multi-generation selection on maternal traits, with implications for reindeer
Authors: Pietarinen Jaakko , Mäki-Tanila Asko
Published: January 2021

Maternally affected traits, such as juvenile growth and survival, provide resilience in mammal species, in particular for reindeer living in extreme northern habitat. The genetic variation in such traits is caused by direct and maternal genetic effects (DGE and MGE, respectively). We used Willham’s variance-component approach and extended a family index with the focal individual and its full- and half-sibs to an approximated BLUP (pseudo-BLUP) by including the parents’ estimated breeding values. Most of the deviations of the predicted responses from the simulated ones were 4.1% for DGE and 5.3% for MGE. The benefits of index and BLUP selection are high in the case of negative correlation, large full-sib family and in particular, when maternal half-sibs are available. Higher economic value for MGE than for DGE is needed, since with equal heritabilities and economic weights for the effects the maternal response is 40 to 70% of the direct one. With negative correlation, records on collateral relatives beyond sibs are possibly needed. They would support also the prediction of MGE in uniparous reindeer lacking full-sib information.
Effects of sulphur fertilization in organically cultivated faba bean
Authors: Omer Zahra Saad , Nadeau Elisabet , Stoltz Eva , Edin Eva , Wallenhammar Ann-Charlotte
Published: January 2021

Optimal seed yield and quality requires that the sulphur (S) demand of faba bean (Vicia faba L.) is ensured. The effect of S fertilization on organic cultivated faba bean was investigated under field conditions during two growing seasons (2017–2018), in Sweden. Kieserite (MgSO4) and gypsum (CaSO4) were applied at a rate of 20 and 40 kg ha-1 to study the effect on faba bean growth, yield, crude protein (CP) content and amino acid (AA) composition. Gypsum and kieserite significantly increased S concentration of faba bean dry matter (DM) in 2017. The S concentration ranged from 0.20% to 0.23% of DM compared to 0.18% in the untreated control. In 2018, kieserite application at 40 kg ha-1 significantly increased S concentration to 0.15% compared to 0.12% in the untreated control. The faba bean plants did, however, not respond neither with increased growth nor increased seed yield. The seed quality in terms of CP and S-containing AA, was not affected by S fertilization, however, significant differences were observed between the experimental sites.
A REVIEW ON THE ROLE OF TYROSINE KINASE INHIBITORS AVAILABLE FOR THE MANAGEMENT OF CHRONIC MYELOID LEUKEMIA
Authors: Fatima Kaynat , Raza Syed Tasleem , Eba Ale , Srivastava Sanchita , Mahdi Farzana
Published: December 2020

The function of protein kinases is to transfer a γ-phosphate group from ATP to serine, threonine, or tyrosine residues. Many of these kinases are linked to the initiation and development of human cancer. The recent development of small molecule kinase inhibitors for the treatment of different types of cancer in clinical therapy has proven successful. Significantly, after the G-protein-coupled receptors, protein kinases are the second most active category of drug targets. Imatinib mesylate was the first tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI), approved for chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) treatment. Imatinib induces appropriate responses in ~60% of patients; with ~20% discontinuing therapy due to sensitivity, and ~20% developing drug resistance. The introduction of newer TKIs such as, nilotinib, dasatinib, bosutinib, and ponatinib has provided patients with multiple options. Such agents are more active, have specific profiles of side effects and are more likely to reach the necessary milestones. First-line treatment decisions must be focused on CML risk, patient preferences and comorbidities. Given the excellent result, half of the patients eventually fail to seek first-line treatment (due to discomfort or resistance), with many of them needing a third or even further therapy lines. In the present review, we will address the role of tyrosine kinase inhibitors in therapy for chronic myeloid leukemia.
CERVICAL SPONDYLOSIS MYELOPATHY- A REVIEW
Authors: Singh Divya , Sharma P. K.
Published: December 2020

Study Design: Review. Objectives: Cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM) is a significant reason of disability, especially in old-aged patients. Mindfulness and comprehension of CSM is basic to encourage early analysis and the executives. This review article delivers CSM concerning its the study of disease transmission, pathophysiology, clinical indications, imaging, treatment draws near. Methods: The authors played out a broad survey of the companion audited writing tending to the previously mentioned goals. Results: The clinical introduction and normal history of CSM is variable, switching back and forth among quiet and slippery to stepwise decay or quick neurological crumbling. For gentle CSM, preservationist choices could be utilized with cautious perception. Notwithstanding, careful intercession has demonstrated to be better for moderate than extreme CSM. The achievement of employable or traditionalist administration of CSM is multifactorial and top notch contemplates are inadequate. The ideal careful methodology is still under discussion, and can change contingent upon the quantity of levels included, area of the pathology and standard cervical sagittal arrangement. Conclusions: Early acknowledgment and treatment of CSM, before the beginning of spinal cord damage, is basic for ideal results. The objective of medical procedure is to decompress the cord with extension of the spinal canal, while reestablishing cervical lordosis, and balancing out when the danger of cervical kyphosis is high. Further high-caliber randomized clinical examinations with long haul follow up are still expected to additionally characterize the normal history and help anticipate the perfect careful methodology.
CERVICAL CANCER SCREENING IN RURAL WOMEN POPULATION OF LUCKNOW WEST, INDIA: PROBLEMS AND BENEFITS
Authors: Misra J. S. , Srivastava A. N. , Singh Shivani
Published: December 2020

Carcinoma cervix is a major health problem faced by Indian women and situation is very alarming in rural population because of illiteracy and poverty. There is urgent need of creating awareness regarding the risk factors of cervical cancer such as early marriage and multiparity in the rural women and the importance of early detection of the cervical cancer. With aim for providing single life time Pap smear cover to the rural women, cervical cancer screening program was initiated in May 2013 by Era's Lucknow, Medical College and Hospital, Lucknow, through organizing camps in the villages of Lucknow ,west. Till December 2019, a total of 183 camps have been organized and 5209 women attended these camps (28.5%). Pap smear examination could be done in only 2912 women (55.9%). The incidence of squamous intraepithelial lesions of cervix (SIL) was found to be very high in these women (17.1%) though majority of SIL were of low grade (LSIL). This may be related to the poor personal genital hygiene prevailing in rural women due to illiteracy. In the present review, the SIL incidence has been extensively analyzed in relation to different predisposing factors of cervical carcinogenesis and problems faced during camp organization and the benefits derived from these camps to rural women have been highlighted.
ODONTOGENIC KERATOCYST WITH A SINUS TRACT: A CASE REPORT
Authors: Sikkerimath Basavaraj , Jose Anu , Anshu Aditya
Published: December 2020

Odontogenic keratocysts are locally aggressive, benign, developmental odontogenic cysts. It occurs commonly in mandible and has high recurrence rate. It is the third most common odontogenic cyst. Various modalities of treatment are described in the literature which includes enucleation, marsupulization, (marsupialization) liquid nitrogen cryotherapy, chemical/ cryo-cauterization, resection etc. Though resection remains the gold standard of treatment in preventing recurrence, conservative methods are the first line of choice to prevent the morbidity associated with resection. However close follow up is necessary to identify any recurrence at an early stage. Here we present a case of odontogenic keratocyst of mandible in a 30 years old female patient.
Modelos de series temporales para pronóstico de la demanda eléctrica del sector de explotación de minas y canteras en Colombia
Authors: Mariño Maria D. , Arango Adriana , Lotero Laura , Jimenez Maritza
Published: January 2021

Pronosticar la demanda eléctrica es de suma importancia para la planeación estratégica de una nación. La literatura ofrece múltiples acercamientos para el desarrollo de modelos de pronóstico enfocados principalmente en la demanda nacional agregada, dejando de lado los análisis sectoriales, en particular a los sectores no residenciales. En este artículo, utilizando la metodología de análisis de Series de Tiempo, se ajustan, validan y comparan tres diferentes modelos para pronosticar la demanda eléctrica del sector minas y canteras, uno de los más representativos en el consumo eléctrico colombiano. Los modelos ajustados incluyen un modelo de componentes aditivo, un SARIMA y un Holt Wiatednters. Los resultados indican que el modelo que presenta un menor error de pronóstico es el modelo Holt Winters.
Estabilidad de correlaciones de la actividad eléctrica no-lineal del cerebro en reposo con ojos cerrados
Authors: Maureira Cid Fernando , Díaz-Muñoz Hernán , Hadweh-Briceño Marcelo , Flores-Ferro Elizabeth , Silva-Salse Ángela
Published: January 2021

Introducción: la señal del EEG suele interpretarse desde una mirada lineal, sin embargo, desde hace algunas décadas se estudia la actividad eléctrica cerebral como un sistema dinámico, basado en la teoría del caos, con matemáticas no lineales. Objetivo: analizar la estabilidad de las correlaciones de los índices de Hurst a través del tiempo en sujetos en reposo con los ojos cerrados. Métodos: se evaluaron 13 varones universitarios con el dispositivo cerebro-interfaz Emotiv Epoc® con frecuencia de muestreo de 128 Hz. Se analizaron los rangos de frecuencia delta (1-3 Hz), theta (3,5-7 Hz), alfa (8-12 Hz), beta (13-30 Hz) y gamma (>30 Hz). Resultados: los resultados muestran estabilidad en el porcentaje de correlaciones en todas las bandas estudiadas en la mayoría de los sujetos. esta situación ocurre en ventanas temporales de 10, 30 y 60 segundos. Conclusiones: este estudio exploratorio muestra la persistencia en el tiempo de procesos meta-sincrónicos no-lineales que obedecen a la dinámica del balance caos/orden global del cerebro, en condiciones de reposo, basal con ojos cerrados.
Alimentación de trucha Arco Iris (Oncorhynchus mykiss) mediante ensilado químico de viceras de trucha en la fase de ceba
Authors: Villa Ramirez Rigoberto
Published: January 2021

En la Unidad Piscícola Truchas Cócora en el municipio de Salento Quindío, se alimentaron truchas arco iris (Oncorhynchus mykiss) con tres diferentes concentrados húmedos elaborados a partir de ensilado de vísceras de trucha arco iris y tres concentrados comerciales (núcleos), en 320 peces. Se elaboró y utilizo un ensilaje químico de viseras de trucha arco iris durante la fase de ceba, para el análisis de los datos se empleó un diseño completamente al azar, con cuatro tratamientos y cuatro repeticiones cada uno;  las variables a medir  fueron ganancia de peso, consumo de alimento y conversión alimenticia, analizadas mediante el análisis de varianza (Anova); encontrándose que en tratamiento control (T4), presenta la mayor ganancia de peso (129,7 g) mientras que el T1 fue el de menor ganancia de peso (120 g), aunque el análisis de varianza mostro que no existen diferencias estadísticas significativos para ninguna de las variables en estudio.
The Dirac electron consistent with proper gravitational and electromagnetic field of the Kerr-Newman solution
Authors: Буринский Александр
Published: December 2020

We consider the Dirac electron as a non-perturbative particle-like solution consistent with its own Kerr-Newman (KN) gravitational field.

In our previous works we regularized the model of electron suggested by Israel and Lopez on the base of KN solution. Our model of electron was shaped similar to the bag models - the thin superconducting disk coupled with circular string placed along its perimeter.

The specific feature of the KN string was its orientifold (two-faced) structure. In this work we use unique features of the Kerr-Schild coordinate system, which allows us to linearize Dirac equations in KN background, and obtain the exact solutions of the Dirac equations consistent with the KN gravitational and electromagnetic field.

We show that the corresponding solution take the form of a massless relativistic string. Strong parallelism with quantum theory, which appears by our treatment, explains remarkable properties of the electron in relativistic scattering processes, which allow us to consider it as a point-like particle.
Illness cognitions in patients with Temporomandibular disorders
Authors: Ozsoy Eksi , Najafova Lamia , Kurtulmus Huseyin
Published: January 2021

Background: Temporomandibular disorders (TMD) is a term covering heterogeneous musculoskeletal disorders, including the temporomandibular joint and related structures. Pain is a common symptom in TMD. Chronic pain is a condition that affects the physical, psychological, cognitive and social domains of people who frequently have negative effects on quality of life. Illness cognitions is defined that patients who have a chronic illness have their own beliefs about their illness. In another saying, illness cognitions contain patient's perception and understanding of the disease and its treatment. Material and Methods: This study was performed on 80 patients who applied to clinic with chronic TMD disorder. A written consent was obtained from the appropriate participants and the Illness Cognition Questionnaire (ICQ) forms were filled in by the patients under the guidance of the researchers. The statistical software SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Sciences, Version 20, Chicago IL, USA) was used. Results: ICQ subscores of individuals with TMD: The mean score was 16.95 (SD = 4.05) for helplessness, 10.36 (SD = 3.14) for acceptance, and 15.55 (SD = 3.70) for perceived benefits. There was a statistically significant intraclass correlation of 93.8% (0.915-0.957) among the Acceptance and 92.5% (0.896-0.948) among the Perceived benefits scale scores of the participants. Conclusion: Psychological interventions that can create a positive perception against TMD and highlight the ability to overcome problem-oriented TMD, can prevent the disease from controlling the daily life of people with TMD in a positive way and can help to affect the health promotion process positively.
Graphomotor skills in children with language deficits in primary school age-formation and development
Authors: Spassova Kalinka
Published: January 2021

Introduction: The formation and the development of graphomotor skills in children with language deficits in primary school age is a difficult and long process, and its disturbance leads to serious problems not only with the process of literation but also disrupt purely academical learning. Purpose: The aim of our study is to show the level of formation of graphomotor skills in children with language deficits in primary school age before and after the implementation of a system of therapeutic techniques, approaches and methods based on both the world's and Bulgarian's experience in the area of therapy of disturbance in graphomotor skills. Material and Method: The study encompasses a total of 40 children in primary school, aged 7-8, who were subjected to logopedic therapy aimed to overcome difficulties in graphomotor skills. It was conducted for a period of 5 years. The therapy was done either individually or in groups of 2 children. Results: The data from test 1 and test 2 show development and maturation of structures in the left hemisphere: frontoparietal and basal temporal, responsible for functioning of the spatial orientation and ideomotor apraxia. For this reason the 7-8 years age group can be considered sensible for development of graphomotor skills as a component of formation of the written form of language and is especially suitable for intensive logopedic therapy aimed for its formation. Conclusion: The implemented therapeutic techniques during the logopedic therapy are aimed not only for establishing the occulo-spacial orientation but also for formation and development of language competence, which are directly linked to formation of the written form of language.
Early complications after secondary breast reconstruction using latissimus dorsi myocutaneous flap and silicone breast implants
Authors: Ranisavljević Milan , Ranisavljević-Budisić Ljiljana , Selaković Vladimir , Lukić Dejan
Published: January 2021

Introduction: Secondary breast reconstruction is a multifactorial decision. It is based on the need for neoadjuvant/adjuvant treatment, lifestyle and expected cosmetic outcome of the patient. The aim of this study was to show early complications related with secondary breast reconstruction using latissimus dorsi myocutaneous flap and silicone breast implants. Material and methods: This retrospective study was made with 24 patients who were treated at the Institute for Oncology Vojvodina in the period from 2007 to 2013. At all patients we underwent secondary breast reconstruction using pedicle latissimus dorsi myocutaneous flap (LDMF) and silicone breast implant. Results: Almost at all patients we identified prolonged seroma formation like complication related to donor site (21/24 (87.5%)). Radiotherapy and chemotherapy after first operation have statistical significance on complications after LDMF. Smoking and obesity have no influence on complications. Conclusion: Breast reconstruction using LDMF is related with small number of early postoperative complications and gives acceptable aesthetic results.