bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The effect of Curcuminvs. Curcumin combined Antibiotic Ointmentson the Healing of skin wound
Authors: K. Abbas Emad , H. Echrish Hussein , A. Mohammed Sabaa
Published: October 2021

Background:Turmeric is typically used as a spicy food preservative and colorant. It has been proved that curcumin has a wide range of biological effects including anti-inflammatory, anti-viral, anti-fungal, and curcumin activity that can improve antibiotic activity on the wounds. Objectives: To evaluate the effects of Curcumin with and without antibiotics on skin wound treatment. Materials and Methods: The protocol was approved by the animal house in medical college / Basra university. This study used nine male rabbits aged about 6 months and an average weight of (1.083 g). Each group consists of 3 rabbits: control group (normal saline) A, topical curcumin in group B, topical curcumin, and tetracycline ointment in group C. Regular treatments were given to rabbits in therapeutic groups. Result: The lowest Mean ± SDof swelling of suturing area was noted in both groups that treated by curcumin alone (9.07 ± 0.97 vs 15±1 mm, p value = 0.002) and that treated with curcumine and antibiotic (9.1±0.9vs 15±1 mm, p value = 0.002) versus the control group ( that treated by normal saline) and the lowest Mean ± SD of elevation of suture line was noted in both group that treated by curcumin alone (2.63 ± 0.06 vs 4.07±0.21 mm, p value >0.001) and that treated with curcumin and antibiotic (2.7 ± 0.2 vs 4.07±0.21 mm, p value =0.001) versus control group. There is no significant statistical difference between the Mean ± SD neither of swelling of suture area nor of elevation of suture lines of groups that treated by curcumin alone and group that treated with curcumin and antibiotic [(9.07 ± 0.97 vs 9.1 ±0.9, p value=0.97),(2.63±0.06 vs 2.7 ± 0.2, p value=0.61) respectively]. The histopathological evaluation is consistent with morphological changes as at day 3 of wound healing in both groups that treated by curcumine with and without antibiotic, there is formation a thin layer of keratin and absence of features that indicate delay wound healing such as hemorrhage, inflammatory cell infiltrate of (Neutrophils, macrophages and lymphocytes) and debris, which are detected in control group. Furthermore, at day 7 of control group, there is decrease of inflammation, presence of gap between the two edgesof the wound but no keratin formation. No clear histopathological difference in wound healing between tested groups that treated by curcumin with and without antibiotic. Conclusion: There issignificant clinical and histological evidences that the curcumin not only prevent delay of wound healing but it is also enhanced wound healing. No significant difference in using curcumin alone or combine it with local antibiotic.
Acute Toxicity Study and Antidiabetic Activity of Marine Alga-Halimeda Gracilis Chooranam (HGC) In Freshwater Zebrafish Model
Authors: Anadh J V Sabari , R Nayaka Swapna , N S Usha , V Subha , K Manimekalai , Syed Mushraf
Published: October 2021

Purpose: The study aimed to assess the acute toxicity and anti-diabetic activity of Halimedagracilis (green marine alga). Methods: The Halimedagraciliswere collected from the coastal area of the Gulf of Mannar biosphere reserve and shade dried. Methanolic extract of Halimedagracilis (MEHG) was prepared and it was screened for acute toxicity and anti-diabetic activity in the Zebrafish model. In the Acute toxicity study, the Zebrafishes were grouped into 6 groups and dosed with 6.25, 12.5, 25, 50, and 100mg/L of MEHG and observed at 0, 24, 48, 72, and 96 hours’ intervals. Foranti-diabetic activity analysis diabetes was induced using streptozotocin (STZ). The Zebrafish were divided into six groups- control group, positive control, diabetic Zebrafish with three doses of MEHG, and standard control (treated with metformin). Results: Acute toxicity studyshowed no significant behavioral changes and LC50 was determined as 100mg/L. In the diabetic study, test groups when compared to the control group showed: a significant reduction in both fasting and postprandial blood glucose levels and significant changes in the regeneration of pancreatic β-cells, and reduced vacuolization in the islets of Langerhans. Images of the regenerating caudal fins taken at 24, 48 and 72-hours post-amputation displayed significant limb regeneration in MEHG treated fish compared to the control group. Conclusion: These results prove that MEHG in STZ- induced diabetic Zebrafish possess potent anti-diabetic action by ameliorating blood glucose regulation, promoting pancreatic cell regeneration,minimizing long-term diabetic complications bypreventing the emergence of metabolic memory but no behavioral changes.
Study of Multifaceted Effect of Vitexnegundo Leaves Aqueous Extract and Decoction for Pain Relief in Experimental Models
Authors: P. S Khatavkar , J. S Dawane , Sarak Avinash
Published: October 2021

Background: Pain is the warning signal of underlying pathology. Analgesic drugs are used as per the severity of pain. These drugs have their own adverse drug reactions, sometimes requiring the discontinuation of treatment. Perception and reaction to the pain are two important facets of pain. Reaction in the form of fear,restlessness, spasm of the muscles etc. are seen. Effectiveness of Vitexnegundoin pain have been studied, we planned to evaluate the associated components of it. Objectives: To evaluate, the Analgesic action, Anxiolytic action and Muscle relaxant action of Vitexnegundo leaves aqueous extract (VNLE) and Vitexnegundo dried leaves decoction (VNDLD). Material and methods: Fresh prepared VNLE and VNDLD are the two preparations of Vitexnegundo used to evaluate the analgesic, anxiolytic and skeletal muscle relaxant activity. Wistar rats and mice of either sex were divided into four groups, control, positive control, VNLE&VNDLD. Standard drug pentazocine& diazepam were used for analgesic & skeletal muscle relaxant property respectively. Rats were exposed to hot plate for Analgesic activity, elevated plus maze (EPM) for anxiolytic effect and mice to rotarod apparatus for checking skeletal muscle relaxation after the drug treatment.Analysis was done with graph pad prism 6. Results: Pain threshold was significantly increased at (p<0.001) Pentazocine and (p<0.01) in Vitexnigundo juice as observed from increase in reaction time. VNLE and VNDLD significantly showed positive effect on the parameters of the EPM. This observation was comparable with the standard drug diazepam. Time spent on the rota rod was significantly reduced in all drug treated mice. Conclusion:Analgesic and antianxiety activity of Vitexnegundo is confirmed.Fresh juice VNLE was more effective than the VNDLD. It also possesses skeletal muscle relaxant action, enhancing the pain relief.
The role of intermittent PTH administration in conjunction with allogenic stem cell treatment to stimulate fracture healing
Authors: Osagie-Clouard Liza , Meeson Richard , Sanghani-Kerai Anita , Bostrom Mathias , Briggs Timothy , Blunn Gorden
Published: October 2021

Aims

A growing number of fractures progress to delayed or nonunion, causing significant morbidity and socioeconomic impact. Localized delivery of stem cells and subcutaneous parathyroid hormone (PTH) has been shown individually to accelerate bony regeneration. This study aimed to combine the therapies with the aim of upregulating fracture healing.

Methods

A 1.5 mm femoral osteotomy (delayed union model) was created in 48 female juvenile Wistar rats, aged six to nine months, and stabilized using an external fixator. At day 0, animals were treated with intrafracture injections of 1 × 106 cells/kg bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) suspended in fibrin, daily subcutaneous injections of high (100 μg/kg) or low (25 μg/kg) dose PTH 1-34, or a combination of PTH and MSCs. A group with an empty gap served as a control. Five weeks post-surgery, the femur was excised for radiological, histomorphometric, micro-CT, and mechanical analysis.

Results

Combination therapy treatment led to increased callus formation compared to controls. In the high-dose combination group there was significantly greater mineralized tissue volume and trabecular parameters compared to controls (p = 0.039). This translated to significantly improved stiffness (and ultimate load to failure (p = 0.049). The high-dose combination therapy group had the most significant improvement in mean modified Radiographic Union Score for Tibia fractures (RUST) compared to controls (13.8 (SD 1.3) vs 5.8 (SD 0.5)). All groups demonstrated significant increases in the radiological scores – RUST and Allen score – histologically compared to controls.

Conclusion

We demonstrate the beneficial effect of localized MSC injections on fracture healing combined with low- or high-dose teriparatide, with efficacy dependent on PTH dose. Cite this article: Bone Joint Res 2021;10(10):659–667.
Treatment of unstable pelvic ring injury with a dual internal anterior subcutaneous fixator using spinal instrumentation called “dual INFIX”: A Case Report
Authors: Sasagawa Takeshi
Published: October 2021

Introduction: External fixation, various subcutaneous screw fixations, and plate fixation can be considered as fixation methods for unstable pelvic ring fractures. We describe a first case of treated unstable pelvic ring injury using a dual internal anterior subcutaneous fixator we called “dual INFIX,” comprising four screws, two subcutaneous rods, and two cross-link connectors, without posterior fixation.
Case Report: An 81-year-old man sustained an unstable pelvic injury (AO type B2) with fracture of the left ilium and pubis. Dual INFIX was used to stabilize the pelvic ring injury. Polyaxial screws were introduced along a path between the anterior inferior iliac spine and ipsilateral posterior superior iliac spine until the head of the screw lay immediately above the fascia. Bilateral cranial screws were connected by a rod passed subcutaneously, and caudal screws were connected by the other rod. Finally, cross-link connectors connected cranial and caudal rods on the right and left. One year after the first operation, the patient could walk without a cane and had no limitation of daily living and bony fusion was achieved.
Conclusion: The stability of the pelvic ring of dual INFIX was sufficient to achieve bony fusion in this case. The stability of dual INFIX should be stronger than that of INFIX. Dual INFIX as with INFIX has other advantages such as ease of management compared with external fixation, and nonnecessity of strict anatomical reduction compared with various percutaneous screw fixation. Furthermore, this technique is simple and minimally invasive compared with plate fixation because it does not require open surgery. However, because the type C fracture with an unacceptable position of reduction by closed reduction has the possibility to become a symptomatic malunion, such cases should not be treated by this method. Furthermore, it is necessary for pelvic stabilization using dual INFIX that the contralateral pelvis is intact because dual INFIX stabilizes
Bilateral Traumatic Nightstick Fracture of the Ulna – A Rare Case Report and Review of the Literature
Authors: Mahajan Neetin P , Kondewar Pranay , Kumar G S Prasanna , Sadar Amey , Atal Shubham
Published: October 2021

Introduction: Unilateral isolated ulna fracture secondary to trauma are common but the bilateral nightstick fractures are quite rare in the clinical scenario. These are managed conservatively or surgically depending upon the degree of displacement, location of the fracture, fracture pattern and associated injury to other bones. Proper management of these fractures helps in getting a better outcome. The purpose of the study was to present a case of bilateral traumatic isolated ulna fracture and its management.
Case Report: A 33-year-old male presented to the emergency department with complaints of pain and swelling over the dorsum of both forearms with a history of assault with a bamboo stick. The mechanism of the injury was, the patient placed his both the forearms in front of the face as a defense during the assault and sustained injury to both forearms. On examination, the patient had bilateral forearm swelling with tenderness. Bony crepitus was present over both the ulna on palpation. X-ray of both forearms (radius and ulna) revealed the fracture of both right and left ulna without any associated fractures/injuries. The patient was managed surgically with open reduction and internal fixation using a 3.5 mm locking compression plate. At present, 1-year follow-up, the patient is having complete wrist, elbow ROM and supination, pronation without any pain.
Conclusion: Bilateral traumatic Nightstick fractures of the ulna are rare and this is the first reported case of traumatic bilateral isolated ulna fracture according to author’s best knowledge and literature review. Open reduction and stable internal fixation using the principles of fracture fixation along with early mobilization helps in getting better functional outcome and prevents further complications and secondary procedures. This case is unique as it helps in identifying the mode of trauma in medico legal cases like assault in cases of bilateral ulna fracture. The mode and the mechanism of injury are differe
Brachial Plexus Injury due to Central-line Insertion during Kypho-scoliosis Deformity Correction
Authors: Modi Hitesh N. , Goel Shakti A. , Sharma Arvind , Patel Udit
Published: October 2021

Introduction: Internal Jugular Venous (IJV) cannulation or central-line insertion is frequently performed during kyphoscoliosis deformity correction surgery or spine surgery with high risk. This helps monitor central venous pressure and administer medicines when required. Although many complications of IJV cannulation have been reported in the literature, its effect on brachial plexus is not known. The objective of this paper was to report a rare complication of IJV during scoliosis surgery.
Case Presentation: We reported a case of 27-year-old male who was operated for severe kyphoscoliosis correction where preoperatively IJV cannulation was done. Repeated attempts were done during IJV cannula insertion due to altered anatomy. Eventually, cannula insertion was done using ultrasound modality and surgery for correction was done. Postoperatively patient developed right upper extremity weakness and sensory loss although the clinical result of kyphoscoliosis correction was acceptable. EMG-NCV study proved it brachial plexus injury. The patient was treated with intravenous steroid and physiotherapy. The patient recovered completely within 6 months of surgery.
Conclusion: We reported a case of kyphoscoliosis deformity corrective surgery where IJV cannulation led to brachial plexus injury and was eventually recovered with medications and physiotherapy.
Keywords: Scoliosis correction, Central-line insertion, Brachial plexus injury.
A Case Report of Volar Dislocation of Ulnar Head: A Very Rare Wrist Injury Easy to Overlook and Easy to Diagnose
Authors: Kaya Ozcan , Ozkunt Okan , Kurt Irem
Published: October 2021

Introduction: Ulnar volar dislocation (UVD) is a very rare entity. Due to rarity of condition, usually, it’s misdiagnosed at emergency departments and management of this clinical entity is not well studied. Here, we report a case of UVD impressing diagnostic challenge, indication of treatment, and follow-up.
Case Report: A 29-year-old man presented to orthopedic outpatient service with complaining of the right wrist pain. He had an assault history 3 days before. In the emergency department, he had been diagnosed as wrist sprain. Splint and pain killers were prescribed. Due to increase of pain, he admitted to orthopedics. He was diagnosed UVD. Under general anesthesia, joint was reduced with forced pronation maneuver. After 3 weeks immobilization period, magnetic resonance images revealed partial injury of triangular fibrocartilage complex then splint removed and rehabilitation initiated. Over than 24 months, he is doing well without movement limitation and wrist strength impairment.
Conclusion: For prevention misdiagnosis of UVD, physical examination is very important. Forearm rotation limitation with pain in the wrist should be indicative for distal radioulnar joint injury. Physical examination should be supported with proper evaluation of suitable radiographs. After reduction of joint, magnetic resonance images give clues about ligamentous injury. Our case supports the importance of rigorous physical examination and evaluation of radiographs for wrist injury. In the presence of partial injury of ligaments, the condition can be treated with shorter periods of immobilization and early rehabilitation.
Keywords: Wrist pain, ulnar volar dislocation, distal radioulnar joint, forearm rotation.
A Solitary Ventral Scapular Osteochondroma causing Pseudo-winging of Scapula: A Case Report
Authors: Pawar Eknath , Modi Nihar , Yadav Amit Kumar , Mhatre Jayesh , Khemkar Sachin , Mishra Shaswat
Published: October 2021

Introduction: Winging of scapula is defined as a failure of dynamic stabilizing structures that anchor the scapula to the chest wall, leading to prominence of the medial border of scapula. It could be primary, secondary, or voluntary. Primary winging could be true winging due to neuromuscular causes or pseudo-winging due to osseous or soft-tissue masses. A scapular osteochondroma is a very rare presentation site and causes pseudo-winging leading to pushing away of the scapula away from the chest wall presenting as medial border prominence. Here, we are reporting a rare case of a scapular osteochondroma causing a pseudo-winging of the scapula.
Case Report: A 2-year-old male child presented with painless, immobile, and non-fluctuant swelling over the left scapular region, insidious in onset and progressive in nature. On examination, a non-tender, immobile swelling was palpable with a painless and unrestricted range of motion at the shoulder joint. After evaluating radiographs and CT scan, the patient was diagnosed to have a ventral scapular osteochondroma leading to pseudo-winging of the scapula.
Conclusion: Despite the rarity, a differential diagnosis of a scapular osteochondroma should be kept in mind while examining a young child presenting with a winged scapula.
Keywords: Scapula, osteochondroma, pseudo-winging.
Solitary Osteochondromas of the Metatarsal and Cuneiform, in an Adolescent
Authors: Laliotis Nikolaos , Chrysanthou Chrysanthos , Konstandinidis Panagiotis , Papadopoulou Elisavet
Published: October 2021

Introduction: Solitary osteochondromas are extremely rare in the bones of the foot. In the growing skeleton, few cases affecting the metatarsals and the talus have been reported. At present, there have been no reports of osteochondromas affecting the cuneiforms.
Case Report: We report the case of a 13-year-old male patient. He presented with marked prominences in the plantar surface of his left foot and pain while participating in sporting activities. Radiological examination with X-rays, computed tomography (CT) scan, and magnetic resonance imaging revealed two solitary osteochondromas growing from the medial cuneiform and the head of the 1st metatarsal. The patient was treated surgically by excision of the osteochondromas. Histological examination confirmed the diagnosis of osteochondromas. He had an uneventful recovery and returned to his sporting activities.
Conclusion: Solitary osteochondroma can present in the cuneiform and metatarsal of a growing adolescent. CT scan is useful for the accurate diagnosis and surgical removal of the tumor.
Keywords: Osteochondroma, foot, metatarsal, cuneiform, child.
Orthopaedic Research and Education Foundation India, Pandemic and Orthopaedic Education
Authors: Mukhopadhaya John , Shyam Ashok , Bhadani Janki Sharan
Published: October 2021

The covid pandemic has changed life for all of us in the past 1 ½ years. There are many challenges in our day-to-day working life. However, there are also many opportunities and one such opportunity has been to reach out to the experts through webinars and virtual learning classes. We are physically locked out, but not for our mental challenges and our academic pursuits.

The Problem-during the Pandemic
Providing quality orthopedic care is a real challenge during the current pandemic. The period of implemented government lockdown taught us many lessons. There was plenty of ups and downs during the surge. Many orthopedic residents put on COVID duty instead of ward work and lost contact with their subject. When one is not able to concentrate due to apprehension, anxiety and even fear of death, they find it difficult to understand the ABCs of orthopedics. Thus, the teaching program in all the departments was greatly hampered. This was not the story for a few days but for months together. With this crisis on our hands, the Orthopedic Research and Education Foundation (OREF) is really had to hard to fulfill its responsibility of the academic need for the orthopedic residents which could help a large number of orthopedic surgeons and improve future health care.

What was OREF is Looking for: Searching for Solutions to Compromised Academics and Compromised Healthcare?
Most of them are trying to serve patients by reducing the health risks by implementing various uses of the Internet, many revolutionized digital technologies, artificial intelligence, robotics, 3D printing, etc. We also learned to serve patients in remote areas through telemedicine. We are now moving forward in the quest to deliver and receive surgical care of the patient in other parts of the world through wireless technology. We also felt the need to do something for our academic needs as face-to-face educational activities, are hampered significantly. Exploring the revolution in digital technologies in ort
Monitoring of the ground deformation in Penang Island, Malaysia using Permanent Scatterer Interferometry Synthetic Aperture Radar (PS-InSAR) and Ground-Penetrating Radar (GPR) techniques
Authors: Rauff Kazeem Olukunle
Published: October 2021

round deformations (e.g., landslide and subsidence) have substantially risen recently around Penang Island, Malaysia. The development of hillslopes for rapid urbanisation and heavy rainfall has detrimental impacts on Penang Island soil layers. Modelling, simulation, and the development of susceptibility maps were past methods used to predict potential ground deformations of Penang Island. There is no published work on the Interferometry Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) technique, where ground deformation of the region has been holistically studied. This work integrates the Persistent Scatterer InSAR (PS-InSAR) technique with Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) to monitor the deformation on the island and identify possible subsurface causes for the disturbance. Twenty-four descending Sentinel-1A datasets acquired between 14th July 2017 and 13th October 2018 were processed to monitor and map ground deformation areas with a focus on three selected regions- Batu Feringghi (BF), Paya Terubong (PT), and Tanjung Bungah (TB), where multiple landslides occurred between 2017 and 2018. InSAR results were later analysed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) tool and validated by the available Global Positioning System (GPS) analysis. InSAR analyses reveal the mean deformation values of -3.13 mm/yr, -2.76 mm/yr and -4.77 mm/yr for the BF, PT, and TB areas. GPR surveys were conducted with a 300/800 MHz dual-frequency antenna at the three selected study areas. Anomalies (wall cracks, road fissures, cavities, drains, and pipes) detected using GPR profiles correlated well with the permanent scatterer points calculated using the InSAR technique.
The importance of evidence based education and policy in public health: lessons learned from a repeated pandemic
Authors: Agus Rizal Ardy Hariandy Hamid  , Grace Wangge
Published: October 2021

[No abstract available]
Evaluating laboratory screening tests for malaria on blood donors candidates to reduce the risk of transfusion-transmitted malaria in an endemic area of Indonesia
Authors: Nethasia Louhenapessy  , Ria Syafitri Evi Gantini  , Susan Rahayu  , Elisabeth Lilipory  , Heri Wibowo  , Yuyun Soedarmono  , Inge Sutanto
Published: October 2021

BACKGROUND Laboratory screening of blood donors for malaria has not been routinely performed in Indonesia. Current policy and practice simply exclude donors based on a history of active clinical malaria. This study was aimed to evaluate laboratory screening tests for malaria among blood donors in an endemic area of Indonesia.

METHODS The study was conducted on 550 consecutive blood samples withdrawn from volunteer donors at the Red Cross Blood Transfusion Unit in Ambon city using microscopic and rapid diagnostic tests for antigen as well as for antibody. Furthermore, 248 of those 550 samples were also tested for the presence of malaria DNA using 18S rRNA marker. Statistical analysis was done descriptively using SPSS software version 15 (SPSS Inc., USA).

RESULTS The overall malaria positivity rate among the donors was 4.5% (25/550). None of the specimens tested using microscopy or rapid test for malaria antigen assay were positive. However 22 (4.0%) samples were positive for malaria antibody against Plasmodium falciparum; while 3 (1.2%) were positive by PCR.

CONCLUSIONS Laboratory testing for blood donors may be used to prevent transfusiontransmitted malaria in an endemic area of Indonesia.
A cross-sectional study on the telemedicine usage and glycemic status of diabetic patients during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Novi Sulistia Wati  , Pokkate Wongsasuluk  , Pradana Soewondo
Published: October 2021

BACKGROUND The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic disrupts selfmanagement in diabetic patients in Indonesia. This study aimed to determine the telemedicine usage and factors contributing to glycemic control in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients during the pandemic.

METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted in T2DM patients aged 25–54 years. The questionnaire included general characteristics, diabetes conditions, consultation factors, and self-care management. Glycemic status was evaluated using glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels, which was categorized into poor (HbA1c≥7%) and good glycemic control (HbA1c<7%). Data were analyzed using chi-square and binary logistic regression.

RESULTS Of 264 patients, only 19.2% used telemedicine and 60.2% had poor glycemic control during the pandemic. Overweight or obesity (odds ratio [OR] = 5.740 [95% confidence interval [CI] = 2.554–12.899]; p<0.001), insulin injection (OR = 3.083 [95% CI = 1.238–7.677]; p = 0.016), and frequent fried food consumption (OR = 5.204 [95% CI = 1.631–16.606]; p = 0.005) were the factors contributing to poor glycemic control. The risk is lower if exercised regularly (OR = 0.036 [95% CI = 0.007–0.195]; p<0.001) and consulted with a doctor using telemedicine (OR = 0.193 [95% CI = 0.044–0.846]; p = 0.029) or in-person visits (OR = 0.065 [95% CI = 0.016–0.260]; p<0.001).

CONCLUSIONS Glycemic control was not optimal during the COVID-19 pandemic. Therefore, keeping a healthy lifestyle and staying connected with a doctor are important to ensure optimal blood glucose control and reduce the risk of diabetesrelated complications.
Efficient compressive holographic reconstruction based on hologram segmentation
Authors: Yu Xuelian , Ban Jiang , Xiao Junjun , Li Xiufang , Wang Kangwei , Yu Jiajing , Bao Xingxu
Published: October 2021

Compressive holography can successfully reconstruct a three-dimensional layered object from a two-dimensional hologram. However, the extremely time-consuming reconstruction limits its range of applications. We propose a dimension reduction of measurement matrix (DRMM) method to accelerate compressive holographic reconstruction. The calculation time is substantially reduced while the reconstruction quality is improved by DRMM, which is implemented by a hologram segmentation approach and a parallel computing technique. Holograms of specific target objects are segmented from the hologram of a three-dimensional layered object, and the reconstruction can be implemented in parallel using multicore processors. We present both simulation and experimental results to show the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed method.
Estimation of moisture migration in rammed earth based on entropy theory
Authors: Zhang Fang , Zhao Xinpeng , Wang Dongsheng , Han Nana , Yu Zihan , Zhang Xiulian
Published: October 2021

In the field of cultural relic protection, the migration of moisture will cause a series of adverse effects, such as disruption and crater eruption. Assessment of water migration status is the key to early warning and prevention of these problems. In an attempt for a solution, the whole process of moisture migration in rammed earth is studied by using the moisture migration initiation criterion based on entropy. We analyzed and compared the entropy change law of the infrared radiation temperature in the two main migration stages, and we made a judgment on whether the moisture state is in the steady equilibrium or in the process of dynamic migration. The results show that the moisture migration status can be identified quickly and in real time by using the moisture migration initiation criterion based on entropy. The results of this study provide a new method for judging the state of moisture migration in geotechnical engineering, especially in the field of cultural relic protection, which has very important practical significance.
Analytical design of an advanced Littrow–Offner spectrometer
simultaneously off-axis in meridian and sagittal planes for ultraviolet
imaging with high performance
Authors: Wu Su , Huang Chan , Yu Lei , Xue Hui , Lin Jing
Published: October 2021

A novel, to the best of our knowledge, configuration of a
Littrow–Offner spectrometer that is off-axis in both the meridian and
sagittal planes is proposed. Through theoretical analysis, the
relationship between the distance of each element and the aperture is
obtained, and the theoretical basis of the sagittal plane off-axis is
given. Extra aberrations are corrected by a spherical lens with a
convex grating. An example of design has been presented with an

f

-number of 4 working in 300–500 nm,
according to the theory. Its spectral resolution achieves a 0.1 nm at
central wavelength, and its volume decreases by 14.5% compared with
the traditional Offner spectrometer.
A protocol and novel tool for systematically reviewing the effects of mindful walking on mental and cardiovascular health
Authors: Davis Dustin W. , Carrier Bryson , Barrios Brenna , Cruz Kyle , Navalta James W.
Published: October 2021

To our knowledge, no published systematic review has described the effects of mindful walking on mental and cardiovascular health. We have aimed to fill this gap by first establishing our systematic review protocol. Our protocol was adapted from the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) and is registered in PROSPERO (Registration Number: CRD42021241180). The protocol is described step-by-step in this paper, which we wrote to achieve three objectives: to adhere to the best practices stated in the PRISMA guidelines, to ensure procedural transparency, and to enable readers to co-opt our protocol for future systematic reviews on mindful walking and related topics. To achieve our third objective, we provide and explain a novel tool we created to track the sources we will find and screen for our review. Ultimately, the protocol and novel tool will lead to the first published systematic review about mindful walking and will also facilitate future systematic reviews.
Multiple Myeloma - Atypical Presentation - Clinicopathological Correlation
Authors: Bhargavi Emani Usha , Suresh Vaddadi
Published: October 2021

BACKGROUND Multiple myeloma, malignant neoplasm of plasma cells producing monoclonal para protein is one of the most common haematological malignancies we see in our routine practice. Multiple myeloma has varied and diverse clinical presentations, of which most common clinical features will be anaemia, bone pain, fever, fatigue, weight loss, paraesthesia, renal failure, pathological fractures, cutaneous lesions, etc. We hereby, present a series of multiple myeloma cases with unusual presentation over a period of 3 years. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the unusual and rare clinicohaematological presentation in patients with multiple myeloma. METHODS In this case series study, we reviewed bone marrow aspirate & / or biopsy slides in our hospital from January 2017 to January 2020. Patients diagnosed with multiple myeloma were selected. Patients’ clinical information, haematological and other findings were obtained from the medical records department and compiled, and correlation was done. RESULTS We came across a total of 9 cases of multiple myeloma with very unusual and rare clinical presentations. A thorough clinical, radiological, haematological, biochemical and histopathological correlation was done before giving a final diagnosis in these cases. Rare cutaneous and other involvement of multiple myeloma was noted. CONCLUSIONS Multiple myeloma is the most common malignancy with comparatively poor prognosis. However, early diagnosis of multiple myeloma always helps the clinician in improving the outcome and has been shown to have better prognosis. The present case series is an attempt to understand the clinico-pathological correlation, wide spectrum of clinical presentation and associated rarity of presentations. KEY WORDS Myeloma; Lytic Lesions; Bone Marrow
Outcome of Assisted Vaginal Deliveries in a Tertiary Care Centre in Bengaluru
Authors: Gayatri Sivasambu , B. K. Sujani , Urvashi Urvashi , Sinha Priyanka
Published: October 2021

BACKGROUND The lower segment caesarean section (LSCS) audit shows an increase in caesarean section rates worldwide. Assisted vaginal delivery and, if needed, emergency caesarean section are options available to the obstetrician to handle challenges in the second stage when spontaneous and safe delivery is not imminent. Judicious use of the instrument as well as continuing medical education in the art of assisted vaginal delivery is a must to achieve the twin goal of containing the surging caesarean section rate as well as bring about a successful and safe assisted vaginal delivery. The objective of this study was to quantify the various morbidities associated with assisted vaginal deliveries among patients in a tertiary care teaching hospital in Bengaluru. METHODS It is a retrospective study carried for four years between July 2016 and June 2020 at Ramaiah Medical College at Bengaluru. The total number of vaginal deliveries was 6318 out of which 1020 had a successful assisted vaginal delivery and were studied in terms of outcomes, maternal and foetal indications and morbidity. RESULTS Out of 1020 assisted vaginal deliveries, 86.96 % were vacuum-assisted, 3.9 % were forceps assisted and 9.11 % were both vacuum and forceps assisted. The success rate of forceps deliveries was more compared to vacuum. No significant maternal and neonatal mortality and morbidity were observed in our study. CONCLUSIONS In this study, vacuum was the most used method of assisted vaginal delivery and was safer for mothers and babies. It is also easier to teach and learn. Forceps delivery was more used in preterm delivery. KEY WORDS Assisted Vaginal Delivery, Vacuum, Forceps, Sequential use of Instruments, Maternal and Neonatal Morbidity.
Investigating Radioactive Content in Various Commercially available Flour Samples in Local Iraqi Markets
Authors: Hashim Abdalsattar Kareem , Al-Ghanimi Abbas Rashid , Hasan Sanaa Mohammed Ridha , Naser Tamara Ali , Mhawes Ahmed Jumaah
Published: October 2021

The study was conducted to assess the radioactivity of alpha concentration of different samples of flour in Karbala mills and some samples in local Iraqi markets. Alpha sensitive CR-39 plastic paths detectors commonly know as "Solid State Nuclear paths Detectors" were used measuring the concentrations of uranium, efficaious radium content, and ratio of radon. The results indicate that the exhalation levels of mass and surface radon were between 0.214-0.549 mBq/kg.h, and 4.35 -11.185 mBq/m2.h, respectively, with an mediam of 0.385 mBq/kg.h and 7.691 mBq/m2.h. The effective radium content values range from 28 to 78 mBq/kg with an mediam value of 51.06 mBq/kg, respectively. The concentration of uranium values ranges from 0.334 to 0.858 Bq/kg, with a mean value of 0.602 Bq/kg. The measurements of the radon, radium, and uranium concentration in each sample are significant in terms of health safeguard point of view. Hence, easy, and accurate techniques of analysis are highly demanded.
Biochemical Aspects in Sera of Iraqi Patients with Trigeminal Neuralgia
Authors: Radam Abbas Abed , Jasim Dr. Rasha Zuhair
Published: October 2021

Trigeminal Neuralgia (TN) is one of the most commonly painful cranial neuralgia characterized by paroxysmal attacks as short lasting facial pain along the trigeminal nerve branches. The aim of the present study is to innovate a biochemical relationship between (melatonin, GALNT12 and Zn) and TN and also to examine the biochemical action of tegretol (carbamazepine) as a treatment on the above biochemical parameters. Blood samples were collected from fifty four (54) trigeminal neuralgia patients diagnosed by magnetic radiation image (MRI). Patients were classified into four groups: G3 (40- 70) years composed of (12) diagnosed male (without treatment), G4 (48- 75) years composed of (12) diagnosed female (without treatment), G5 (34- 76) years composed of (15) male under treatment with tegretol (200 mg /daily) and G6 (49-65) years composed of (15) female under treatment with tegretol (200 mg/ daily). Patients were compared with healthy subjects (have approximately the same range of age) as control groups: G1 composed of (15) males (43-70) years and G2 composed of (15) females (50-55) years. The present study is the first reporting that melatonin is a novel biochemical marker in Iraqi patients with TN (with significant and highly significant decrease in males and females respectively compared with healthy subjects). Also it is the first reporting that GALNT12 and Zn are novel biochemical markers in Iraqi patients with TN (with highly significant decrease in both genders compared with healthy subjects). The present study is the first highlighting and dealing with the biochemical action of tegretol (carbamazepine) on melatonin, GALNT12 and Zn by submitting unique and novel mechanisms. Finally the present study confirms the specific role of tegretol (carbamazepine) on postmenopausal women regarding melatonin, and GALNTI2 by focusing on its interaction with female sexual hormones.
The Copolymers and their Effect on the Rheological Properties of Sulfureted Asphalt
Authors: Alwan Mohammed Ahmad
Published: October 2021

Due to the harsh climatic conditions and the maximum loads on the original unmodified asphalt used in paving process, some defects appear over time such as cracks and deformation of roads. This calls for work to improve the rheological properties of asphalt to produce asphalt paving more resistant to the factors above. This study focuses on the use of polymeric mixtures of consumed copolymers in asphalt modification processes. These polymers were thermally treated to find out the temperature at which they could be used in the modification process. Asphalt was treated with different percentages of sulfur as a catalyst under specific conditions of temperature and reaction time, during which the optimum catalyst ratio that can be used in the modification processes was determined. Asphalt was treated with a polymer mixture consisting of (ASA and SBS) (1:1) in different weight ratios with the presence of the optimum catalyst ratio and under the above reaction conditions. Several samples were obtained and the rheological properties of the original and modified asphalt were measured by penetration, softening point, ductility and penetration index calculation as well as calculating the weight percentage of asphaltene. The best sample obtained from the above modification process was determined, and reactions were performed on it again to determine the optimal temperature and reaction time, as well as to determine the optimal percentage of sulfur as a catalyst by measuring the rheological properties of the best sample. The best sample obtained in this study was (AS9), and to find out the suitability of this sample that was selected for paving process, the Marshall, chemical immersion and aging test as well as the field emission scanning electron microscope were performed. The modified sample gave better rheological properties and a resistance greater by 56% than the original asphalt when compared with the standard specifications approved in the field of paving.
Measuring the Thermal De-Broglie Wavelength in Laser-produced Plasma of different Samples of Writing Inks Elements Using LIBS Spectroscopy
Authors: Jasim Mohammed Abdullah , Hatif Dr. Sami Abd Al-Hussein , Ali Dr. Alaa Hussein
Published: October 2021

In this paper, the technique of laser pulse breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) under the influence of the pulse Nd:YAG laser of 1064nm wavelength and with a pulse time of 10ns was used on different samples of writing ink models. In this work, the de-Broglie wavelength was measured. After calculating the electron temperature and assuming the local thermal equilibrium conditions (LTE), and using a spectral detector model (View spectra 2100) within the spectral range (200nm-900nm), the results after performing the analysis showed differences in the D-Broglie thermal wavelength of the plasma. The formation and temperature of the electron, which can be applied in plasma spectroscopy processes in many sciences, including the field of forensic evidence, to detect forgery in documents and documents.
Preparation, Investigation and Study of Biological Applications of Tyrosine Derivatives against Breast Cancer Cells
Authors: Jawad Sabrean Farhan , Aljamali Dr. Nagham Mahmood
Published: October 2021

Cancerous tumors are considered a serious and fatal diseases for both sexes and for all ages, even fetuses before their birth. Therefore, it has become necessary to find an alternative treatment for radiation to be safer and less dangerous than chemical treatments. Therefore, derivatives of one of the amino acids, such as tyrosine, were prepared. Tyrosine or tyrosine is one of the well-known and important amino acids for humans, and it is present in most proteins; The human body uses it to produce several types of hormones such as noradrenaline and adrenaline. In this paper, we prepared new derivatives of tyrosine represented by (four, five, six)-membered ring, then all these new tyrosine derivatives investigated by several techniques (FT.IR, H.NMR)–spectrophotometric, other physical and chemical properties, with assaying for some new created derivatives as anti-cancer.
Thermal Properties of Manganese Chloride Salt Reinforced [PVA: PVP] Blend Films
Authors: Saleh Nuha A. Mohammed , A. Salman Dr. Sabah
Published: October 2021

The casting process was used to make pure [PVA: PVP] polymer blend film and MnCl2.4H2O salt augmented polymer blend film at varied weight ratios ((10, 20, 30, 40, 50) wt. percent). The influence of salt weight ratio on the thermal characteristics of [PVA: PVP] polymer blend films augmented with MnCl2.4H2O salt was also investigated. The coefficient of thermal conductivity of the [PVA: PVP] polymer blend films reinforced by MnCl2.4H2O was found to be higher in the experimental results. As the weight ratio of MnCl2. 4H2O grows and then falls, the MnCl2.4H2O salt increases and then reduces erratically. As the concentration of MnCl2.4H2O salt rises, it is discovered that the thermal conductivity coefficient of whole polymer mix films is extremely low. As a result, such films could be utilized as heat-insulation shields. The temperature of glass transition and crystal melting temperature of [PVA: PVP] polymer blend films reinforced by MnCl2.4H2O salt change as the weight ratio of MnCl2.4H2O salt increases.
Visit, Revisit, or Stay Longer? A Case of Emerging Tourism Destination
Authors:   i-CATS University College, Sarawak, Malaysia, Adruce Shahren Ahmad Zaidi , Ting Hiram ,   Faculty of Hospitality and Tourism Management, UCSI University, Malaysia Department of Leisure and Recreation Management, Ming Chuan University, Taiwan, Puah Chin Hong ,   Faculty of Economics and Business, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, Malaysia, Lim Tze-Yin ,   Faculty of Business, Design and Arts, Swinburne University of Technology, Sarawak Campus, Malaysia, Kichin Sherrymina ,   Department of Tourism and Commerce, UCSI University, Malaysia
Published: October 2021

Despite substantial extant literature on tourists’ visiting behavior, little is known about the intention to visit, revisit, and stay longer in an emerging destination. Sarawak is an emerging destination that has demonstrated the capability to attract tourists from China. The present study lays the groundwork for the exploration of Chinese tourists’ main motives to visit, revisit, and stay longer in Sarawak based on push and pull factors. A qualitative research design was adopted, following which 355 interviews were conducted over two stages of data collection. All transcriptions were then analyzed using thematic analysis. The findings revealed three categories related to the intention to visit Sarawak, namely “China residents who have not been to Sarawak”, “China residents who have been to Sarawak”, and “China residents who consider having a longer stay in Sarawak”. In addition, the pull and push factors influencing their visiting intention were assessed. This case study offers an explanatory model that informs local stakeholders on the significant motivation factors that attract Chinese tourists to Sarawak. From a managerial standpoint, local agencies, tourism promoters, and marketers could expend more resources to advertise Sarawak’s attractions, such as ethnic food, festivals, multi-cultural heritage, adventures, and nature.
Pertumbuhan Lili (Lilium longiflorum) Pada Berbagai Komposisi Media Tanam dan Zat Pengatur Tumbuh Naphthalene Acetic Acid (NAA) pada Tahap Aklimatisasi
Authors: Maryamah Lulu Fatikhatul , Kusmiyati Florentina , Anwar Syaiful
Published: October 2021

Zat Pengatur Tumbuh (ZPT) merupakan senyawa organik yang dapat mengatur proses fisiologi tanaman. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji pengaruh komposisi media dan konsentrasi NAA serta kombinasi media dan NAA terhadap pertumbuhan lili pada tahap aklimatisasi. Penelitian dilakukan di rumah plastik di kecamatan Tembalang dan Laboratorium Fisiologi dan Pemuliaan Tanaman, Fakultas Peternakan dan Pertanian Universitas Diponegoro, Semarang. Rancangan yang digunakan dalam penelitian adalah Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) Faktorial 3 x 5 dengan ulangan 3 kali. Faktor pertama adalah berbagai komposisi media tanam yaitu arang sekam dan kompos, yang terdiri dari M1 (1 : 1), M2 (2 : 1) dan M3 (3 : 1). Faktor kedua adalah konsentrasi NAA terdiri dari D0 (0 ppm), D1 (2,5 ppm), D2 (5 ppm), D3 (7,5 ppm), D4 (10 ppm). Analisis data menggunakan uji anova dengan taraf signifikan 5%, jika ada perbedaan akan diuji lanjut dengan uji Duncan Multiple Range-Test (DMRT) pada taraf α = 5%.  Hasil penelitian menunjukkan berbagai komposisi media menghasilkan umur bertunas, tinggi tanaman, panjang akar dan bobot segar yang berbeda nyata, tapi jumlah akar yang tidak berbeda nyata. Komposisi terbaik didapatkan pada arang sekam dan kompos pada perbandingan 3:1. Konsentrasi NAA menghasilkan umur bertunas, tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, panjang akar dan bobot segar yang tidak berbeda nyata. Kata kunci : lili, komposisi media, konsentrasi dan NAA