bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
KTN1-AS1, a SOX2-mediated lncRNA, activates EMT process through RBBP4/HDAC1/E-cadherin axis in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Chen Liying , Lu Juntao , Xu Tongxin , Yan Zhaoyang , Guo Yanli , Dong Zhiming , Guo Wei
Published: July 2022

Kinectin 1 antisense RNA 1 (KTN1-AS1), a long non-coding RNA (lncRNA), has been proved to have tumor-promoting properties and its expression is enhanced in several human tumors. However, the role of KTN1-AS1 in the pathogenesis of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) remains unknown. This study aimed to investigate the expression status, functional roles, and molecular mechanisms of KTN1-AS1 in the development of ESCC. Considerable upregulation of KTN1-AS1 was confirmed in esophageal cancer cells and ESCC tissues and its expression was associated with TNM stage, pathological differentiation, and lymph node metastasis. SOX2 directly activated transcription of KTN1-AS1, and overexpression of KTN1-AS1 facilitated ESCC cells proliferation and invasion in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, KTN1-AS1 could bind to retinoblastoma binding protein 4 (RBBP4) in the nucleus and enhanced its binding with histone deacetylase 1 (HDAC1), thereby activating the EMT process through downregulating E-cadherin expression at the epigenetic level. In conclusion, KTN1-AS1, induced by SOX2, acts as a tumor-promoting gene and may serve as a potential therapeutic and prognostic biomarker for ESCC.
Revealing increasingly detailed insights in animal behaviours using continuous on-board processing of accelerometer data
Authors: Yu Hui , Deng Jian , Leen Trent , Li Guozheng , Klaassen Marcel
Published: July 2022

Background
Studies of animal behaviour, ecology and physiology are continuously benefitting from progressing biologging techniques, including the collection of accelerometer data to infer animal behaviours and energy expenditures. In one of the most recent technological advances in this space, on-board processing of raw accelerometer data into animal behaviours proofed highly energy, weight and cost efficient allowing for continuous behavioural data collection in addition to regular positional data in a wide range of animal tracking studies.
Methods
We implemented this latest development in collecting continuous behaviour records from 6 Pacific Black Ducks Anas superciliosa to evaluate some of this novel technique’s potential advantages over tracking studies lacking behavioural data or recording accelerometer data intermittently only. We (i) compared the discrepancy of time-activity budgets between continuous records and behaviours sampled with different intervals, (ii) compared total daily distance flown using hourly GPS fixes with and without additional behavioural data and (iii) explored how behaviour records can provide additional insights for animal home range studies.
Results
Using a total 591 days of behaviour records across six individual ducks distinguishing eight different behaviours, we illustrated the improvement that is obtained in time-activity budget accuracy if continuous rather than interval-sampled accelerometer data is used. Notably for rare behaviours such as flying and running, error ratios > 1 were common when sampling intervals exceeded 10 minutes. Using 72 days of hourly GPS fixes in combination with continuous behaviour records over the same period in one individual duck, we showed behaviour-based daily distance estimation is significantly higher (up to 540%) than the distance calculated from hourly sampled GPS fixes. Also, with the same 72 days of data for one individual duck, we showed how this individual used specific sites within its entire home range to satisfy specific needs (e.g., roosting and foraging).
Conclusions
We showed that by using trackers allowing for continuous recording of animal behaviour, substantial improvements in the estimation of time-activity budgets and daily traveling distances can be made. With integrating behaviour into home-range estimation we also highlight that this novel tracking technique may not only improve estimations but also open new avenues in animal behaviour research, importantly improving our knowledge of an animal’s state while it is roaming the landscape.
Impact damage suppression of woven composites subject to pulse current
Authors: Li Yan , Wang Fusheng , Huang Chenguang , Han Chunyong , Shi Xuguang , Guo Linjing
Published: July 2022

3D orthogonal woven composites are receiving increasing attention with the ever-growing market of composites industries. New challenge what we face to is how the damage tolerance improve in such composites with orthogonal and layer-to-layer structure under both mechanical and extreme environment. In this paper, a novel impact damage suppression strategy is proposed by combining structural and electromagnetic properties to realize advanced functionalities. An integrated experimental platform is designed with a power system, a drop-testing machine and data acquisition devices to investigate the synergistic effects of pulse current and impact force on composites. Experimental results exhibit that pulse current can effectively reduce delamination damage and residual deformation. A multi-field coupled damage model is developed to analyze the evolutions of temperature, current and damage. The microcrack formation and extrusion deformation in yarns causes the local current redistribution in carbon fibers, and its interaction with the self-field produces an obvious anti-impact effect. The obtained results reveal the mechanism of damage suppression and provide a potential orientation for improving damage tolerance of these composites.
A method to solve over-cutting of forming dressing in continuous generating grinding for face gear
Authors: Li Guolong , Chen Rongchen , He Kun , Wang Shilong , Wang Ziyu
Published: July 2022

In order to realize the precision dressing of worm grinding wheel of face gear, this paper studies the over-cutting phenomenon of worm grinding wheel in forming dressing and puts forward the solution. Combined with the forming principle of face gear worm and forming dressing method, the influence of continuous dressing method on grinding wheel helix and the relative position between the dresser and the worm are expounded. Based on the numerical simulation model and the actual machining phenomenon, two kinds of over-cutting phenomenon are discovered. In order to ensure the surface integrity of grinding wheel in continuous processing, the reasons and laws of over-cutting are deeply analyzed. The first kind of over-cutting can be eliminated by increasing the angle between the extended line and the axis on the dresser, and a method of estimating the minimum angle is proposed to more reasonable design the dresser; The second kind of over-cutting can be eliminated by choosing proper dressing interval while ensuring the utilization efficiency of worm, and the selection criteria of dressing interval in continuous dressing is put forward. To verify the proposed methods, digital model, Vericut and SolidWorks are applied and the results show that the proposed method can effectively solve the over-cutting problem.
Complications associated with plate fixation for adult distal humerus fractures : A multicenter retrospective study
Authors: Han Soo-Hong , Park Jin Sung , Baek Jong Hun , Lee Jun-Ku , Ku Ki Hyeok
Published: July 2022

Background: Open reduction and plate fixation are the preferred treatment options for most distal humerus fractures in adults. However, it is often challenging for orthopedic surgeons because of the complex anatomy and the difficulty in achieving stable fixation. This multicenter study aimed to analyze the complication types and rates of patients with distal humerus fractures treated with open reduction and plate fixation, and compare the results with those found in the literature. In addition, we describe the clinical outcomes.Methods: This retrospective multicenter study was conducted between September 2001 and March 2021, and included data from four hospitals. In total, 349 elbows underwent surgical treatment at these hospitals during the study period. Patients >17 years of age who were treated by plate fixation were included, and patients who were treated by other fixation methods were excluded. A total of 170 patients were included in the study. The following types of complications were investigated: (1) nerve-related; (2) fixation- and instrument-related; (3) osteosynthesis-related; (4) infection; and (5) others.Results: The following complications were found: (1) 26 (15.3%) cases of postoperative ulnar nerve symptoms; 4 (2.4%) of postoperative radial nerve symptoms; (2) one (0.6%) case of screw joint penetration and screw loosening; and eight (4.7%) cases of hardware removal due to instrument skin irritation; (3) seven (4.1%) cases of nonunion; (4) two (1.2%) and four (2.2%) cases of superficial and deep infection, respectively, and seven (3.9%) cases of wound complication; and (5) 37 (21.8%) cases of heterotrophic ossification, 79 (46.5%) cases of elbow stiffness (did not achieve functional range of motion [ROM]), and 41 (24.1%) cases of osteoarthritis over Broberg and Morrey Grade I.Paradoxically, the postoperative ulnar nerve symptoms were more frequent in the prophylactic ulnar nerve anterior transposition group. However, this difference was not statistically significant (p = 0.086). The mean ROM was 123.5° flexion to 9.5° extension. The average Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH) score was 14.5±15.6.Conclusions: Open reduction and plate fixation for distal humeral fractures is a reasonable treatment option with acceptable complication rates and favorable clinical outcomes. Surgeons must be vigilant about ulnar nerve complications.Level of Evidence: Therapeutic Level III
Reversing the Immunosuppressive Microenvironment with Reduced Redox Level by Microwave-Chemo-Immunostimulant Ce-Mn MOF for Improved Immunotherapy
Authors: Zeng Zhiheng , Fu Changhui , Sun Xiaohan , Niu Meng , Ren Xiangling , Tan Longfei , Wu Qiong , Huang Zhongbing , Meng Xianwei
Published: July 2022

Backgrounds:
Reversing the immunosuppressive microenvironment (TME) in the tumor is widely deemed to be an effective strategy to improve immune therapy. In particular, the redox balance in TME needs to be well controlled due to its critical role in mediating the functions of various cells, including cancer cells and immune-suppressive cells. Here, we propose an efficient strategy to reshape the redox homeostasis to reverse immunosuppressive TME.
Results
Specifically, we developed a microwave-chemo-immunostimulant CMMCP to promote the generation of the tumor-infiltration T cells by simultaneously reducing the reactive oxygen species (ROS) and glutathione (GSH) and improving the oxygen levels in TME. The CMMCP was designed by loading chemotherapy drugs cisplatin into the bimetallic Ce-Mn MOF nanoparticles coated with polydopamine. The Ce-Mn MOF nanoparticles can effectively improve the catalytic decomposition of ROS into O2 under microwave irradiation, resulting in the overcome hypoxia and limited ROS generation. Besides, the activity of intracellular GSH in TME was reduced by the redox reaction with Mn2+ of Ce-Mn MOF nanoparticles. The reprogrammed TME not only boosts the immunogenic cell death (ICD) induced by cisplatin and microwave hyperthermia but also gives rise to the polarization of pro-tumor M2-type macrophages to the anti-tumor M1-type ones.
Conclusion
Our in vivo experimental results demonstrate that the microwave-chemo-immunostimulant CMMCP significantly enhances the T cells infiltration and thus improves the antitumor effect. This study presents an easy, safe, and effective strategy for a whole-body antitumor effect after local treatment.
Iterative construction of the optimal sunspot number series
Authors: Švanda Michal , Pavelková Martina , Dvořák Jiří , Solarová Božena
Published: July 2022

The relative number of sunspots represents the longest evidence describing the level of solar activity. As such, its use goes beyond solar physics, e.g. towards climate research. The construction of a single representative series is a delicate task which involves a combination of observation of many observers. We propose a new iterative algorithm that allows to construct a target series of relative sunspot number of a hypothetical stable observer by optimally combining series obtained by many observers. We show that our methodology provides us with results that are comparable with recent reconstructions of both sunspot number and group number. Furthermore, the methodology accounts for the possible non-solar changes of observers' time series such as gradually changing observing conditions or slow change in the observers vision. It also provides us with reconstruction uncertainties. We apply the methodology to a limited sample of observations by ČESLOPOL network and discuss its properties and limitations.
Differential diagnosis value of ultrasound and radiomics features in B-cell and T-cell lymphoma
Authors: Zhou Yasu , Yuan Ya , Deng Hongyan , Lu Wenjuan , Li Lu , Ye Xinhua
Published: July 2022

Objectives
One of the challenges in the diagnosis of composite lymphoma is the selection of the lymph node adequately reflect heterogeneity for biopsy. This study evaluated whether ultrasound and radiomics may help differentiating B-cell and T-cell lymphoma.
Materials and Methods
This is a retrospective study and a total of 124 patients with B-cell lymphoma(n = 97) or T-cell lymphoma(n = 27) were enrolled in. Each patient went through ultrasound examinations including two dimensional ultrasound (2DUS) and contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS). Radiomic features were extracted from gray-scale ultrasound images and then selected. A radiomics score (Rad-score) was calculated via a linear combination. Performances of differential diagnosis of ultrasound, radiomics and the combination were compared with each other.
Results
Three ultrasound features (hilum, echo characteristic and PI of TIC analysis) and three radiomics features (texture features) were finally chosen as statistically significant. The AUC of ultrasound based on the three features was 0.829, with a sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of 92.6%,63.9%, and 70.2%, respectively. The AUC of radiomics based on Rad-score was 0.666, with a sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of 74.1%, 55.7%, and 59.7%, respectively. By comparison, ultrasound combined with radiomics showed greatest diagnostic value in distinguishing B-cell and T-cell lymphoma, with the AUC of 0.858, and a sensitivity, specificity, accuracy of 92.6%, 74.2%, 78.2%.
Conclusions
Ultrasound combined with radiomics are of great diagnostic value for differentiating B-cell and T-cell lymphoma and enables us to select a lymph node that adequately reflect heterogeneity for biopsy and avoid missed diagnosis.
Comparative Analysis of Earth Rotation Parameters Using VLBI Observations During CONT and GNSS Observations
Authors: Yu Kehao , Sun Mengqi , Li Lihua , Shi Haowei
Published: July 2022

The Earth rotation parameters mainly include the displacement and rate of the Earth's poles, length of day, which can be estimated based on VLBI and GNSS. In order to obtain the ERP results with higher accuracy, two VLBI data processing schemes were compared. VLBI observations during 2008, 2011, 2014, and 2017 are processed with VieVS. In addition, the experiments to estimate ERP using CONT08, CONT11, CONT14, and CONT17 campaigns were also designed. The results showed that the higher accuracy of ERP were calculated using CONT campaigns. At the same time, ERP estimations using the 86 globally distributed GNSS observatories data during the same period were processed by GAMIT. The ERP results from the CONT campaigns and GNSS observations estimated were then combined in a weighted manner, based on the Helmert variance component estimation and the IERS14 C04 sequences, respectively. The weighted results showed that the Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) of polar motion was about between 0.05 and 0.10 mas, and the RMSE in UT1-UTC ranged from 0.005 and 0.02 ms.
Gene content and coding diversity of growth hormone loci of apes
Authors: González-Álvarez Rafael , Rodríguez-Sánchez Irám Pablo , Barrera-Saldaña Hugo Alberto
Published: July 2022

Growth hormone (GH) locus experienced dramatic evolution in primates, becoming multigenic and diverse in anthropoids. Despite sequence information from vast number of primate species, it has remained unclear how the multigene family was favored feature. We sought to compare the structure and composition of the apes’ GH loci as a prerequisite to understanding their origin and possible evolutionary role. GH loci of chimpanzee, gorilla, and orangutan were sequenced from bacterial artificial chromosomes, while those of modern man, neanderthal, gibbon, and wild boar were retrieved from GenBank. Coding regions, regulatory elements, and repetitive sequences were identified and compared among species. GH loci of all analyzed species are flanked by the genes CD79B (5´) and ICAM-1(3´). In man, neanderthal, and chimpanzee the loci are integrated by five genes almost indistinguishable, however while in the former two they render three different hormones, in the latter one four different proteins are derived. Gorilla exhibits six genes, gibbon seven, and orangutan four. The sequences of proximal promoters, enhancers, P-elements, and a locus control region (LCR) are highly conserved. The locus evolution might have implicated duplications of the ancestral pituitary GH-N gene and subsequent diversification of the copies, to lead to the placental single GH-V gene and to the multiple also placental CSH genes.
Metabolic engineering for Escherichia coli BW25113 for the production of 5-Aminolevulinic Acid based on CRISPR/Cas9 mediated gene knockout and metabolic pathway modification
Authors: Ye Changchuan , Yang Yuting , Chen Xi , Yang Lijie , Hua Xia , Yang Mengjie , Zeng Xiangfang , Qiao Shiyan
Published: July 2022

5-Aminolevulinic acid (ALA) recently received much attention due to its potential application in many fields. In this study, an ALA production strain of Escherichia coli was constructed by rational metabolic engineering and stepwise improvement based on known regulatory and metabolic information and CRISPR/Cas9 mediated gene knockout. A metabolic strategy to produce ALA directly from glucose in this recombinant E. coli via the C5 pathway was applied herein. The rational metabolic engineering by gene knockouts significantly improved ALA production from 662.3 to 1601.7 mg/L. In addition, we tried to synergistically produce ALA via the C4 pathway in recombinant strain. The expression of a modified hemA gene, encoding an ALA synthase from Rhodobacter sphaeroides, improved ALA production from 1601.7 to 2099.7 mg/L. After 24 h cultivation, a yield of 0.210 g ALA per g glucose was achieved by constructed E. coli D5:FYABD. These results suggest that an industrially competitive strain can be efficiently developed by metabolic engineering based on combined rational modification and optimization of gene expression.
Comparison of ocular biometry obtained with Tomey OA-2000 and IOLMaster 700 in silicone oil-filled eyes
Authors: Xiong Yongqun , Lin Yongdong , Zhao Zifeng , Wang Hongxi , Zhang Guihua
Published: July 2022

Purpose
To evaluate a new non-contact instrument (OA-2000) measuring the ocular biometry parameters of silicone oil (SO)-filled aphakia eyes, as compared with IOLMaster 700.
Methods
Forty SO-filled aphakia eyes of 40 patients were enrolled in this cross-sectional clinical trial. The axial length (AL), central corneal thickness (CCT), keratometry (Kf [flattest keratometry] and Ks [steep keratometry, 90° apart from Kf]), and axis of the Kf (Ax1) measured with OA-2000 were compared with those measured with IOLMaster 700. The agreements of the results between the two devices were evaluated by Bland-Altman analysis. The differences of measurement results were evaluated by paired t test, and the correlation was evaluated by the Pearson coefficient.
Results
The mean AL obtained with the OA-2000 was 23.57 ± 0.93mm (range: 21.50 to 25.68mm), and that obtained with the IOLMaster 700 was 23.69 ± 0.94mm (range: 21.85 to 25.86mm), resulting in a mean offset of 0.124 ± 0.125mm (p < 0.001). The AL obtained with the two devices showed a strong linear correlation (r = 0.991). It was also found that the Kf, Ks and Ax1had excellent correlation (Kf, r = 0.980; Ks, r = 0.987; and Ax1, r = 0.966). There was no statistical significance in the pair t test of the Kf, Ks and Ax1. The CCT obtained with the OA-2000 was 530.7 ± 30.9µm (range: 470 to 578µm), and that obtained with the IOLMaster 700 was 545.3 ± 33.9µm (range: 479 to 600µm). The average offset was 14.6 ± 7.5µm, p < 0.001. The coefficient of variations of the biometric parameters obtained with the two devices were lower than 1% except for the Ax1.
Conclusion
In SO-filled aphakia eyes, the ocular biometry obtained with the OA-2000 and IOLMaster 700 has good correlation and consistency. OA-2000 is an accurate instrument that can provide fundus surgeons with the interesting information on ocular biological parameters of SO-filled aphakia eyes.
Does the feedback of blood results in observational studies influence response and consent? A randomised study of the Understanding Society Innovation Panel
Authors: Benzeval Michaela , Andrayas Alexandria , Mazza Jan , Baghal Tarek Al , Burton Jonathon , Crossley Thomas F , Kumari Meena
Published: July 2022

Background: While medical studies generally provide health feedback to participants, in observational studies this is not always the case due to logistical and financial difficulties, or concerns about changing observed behaviours. However, evidence suggests that lack of feedback may deter participants from providing biological samples. This paper investigates the effect of offering feedback of blood results on participation in biomeasure sample collection.Methods: Participants aged 16 and over from a longitudinal study – the Understanding Society Innovation Panel - were randomised to three arms – nurse interviewer, interviewer, web survey – and invited to participate in biomeasures data collection. Within each arm they were randomised to receive feedback of their blood results or not. For those interviewed by a nurse both venous and dried blood samples (DBS) were taken in the interview. For the other two arms, they were asked if they would be willing to take a sample, and if they agreed a DBS kit was left or sent to them so the participant could take their own sample and return it. Blood samples were analysed and, if in the feedback arms, participants were sent their total cholesterol and HbA1c results.Response rates for feedback and non-feedback groups were compared: overall; in each arm of the study; by socio-demographic and health characteristics; and by previous study participation. Logistic regression models of providing a blood sample by feedback group and data collection approach controlling for confounders were calculated.Results: Overall 2162 (80.3% of individuals in responding households) took part in the survey; of those 1053 (48.7%) consented to provide a blood sample. Being offered feedback had little effect on overall participation but did increase consent to provide a blood sample (unadjusted OR 1.38; CI: 1.16–1.64). Controlling for participant characteristics, the effect of feedback was highest among web participants (1.55; 1.11–2.17), followed by interview participants (1.35; 0.99 –1.84) and then nurse interview participants (1.30; 0.89–1.92).Conclusions: Offering feedback of blood results increased willingness to give samples, especially for those taking part in a web survey.
Proteomic analyses related to inflammation and pain in children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis
Authors: Elfving Andreas , Harila-Saari Arja , Nilsson Ludwig , Berntson Lillemor
Published: July 2022

Background
To explore levels of inflammatory proteins (including cytokines) in plasma samples from children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) and their relation to the degree of inflammation and pain.
Methods
A total of 69 plasma samples were collected from 51 children with JIA (51 at diagnosis in a higher disease activity state, 18 at follow-up in a lower disease activity state) and 18 healthy controls. Relative levels of 92 proteins related to a wide range of biological processes in inflammation were obtained using a proximity extension assay panel. Comparisons between children with and without JIA, in different JIA disease states, by juvenile disease activity score (JADAS 27), and by degree of pain on visual analogue scale (VAS), were performed using parametric and non-parametric statistical methods.
Results
Nineteen proteins involved in arthritic inflammation, such as interleukin 6 (IL-6) and S100 protein A12 (S100A12), were higher in patients with JIA than controls, seven decreased significantly during treatment, and 18 correlated significantly with JADAS27 score. Three proteins correlated with pain VAS scores in unadjusted analyses: the glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF), transforming growth factor beta (TGFβ), and IL-18R1. Levels of GDNF correlated significantly with pain VAS scores but not with JADAS 27.
Conclusions
Plasma levels of 18 of 92 tested proteins correlated with degree of disease activity. Levels of GDNF originating from neural cells correlated with pain without correlating to inflammatory degree, suggesting that it may play a role in pain in JIA. Further studies in larger cohorts are warranted.
Fatigue like behavior in different tumor-bearing mice metastasis model for the study of colorectal cancer
Authors: guo wei , liu shan , Yang Huifei , Wang Shujing , Zheng Xinting , Yang Hongxing , Xiao Zhiwei , Xiao Xi , Yang Caizhi , Sun Lingling , Chen Hanrui , Lin Lizhu
Published: July 2022

Background: Fatigue is a usual occurrence in tumor patients during illness and treatment, patients with cancer related fatigue (CRF) showed signs of fatigue after tumor development, and not only in patients with advanced process, and still a evidently subjective fatigue even after effective symptomatic treatment. Methods: In this study, two metastasis models of BALB/c mice were established by subcutaneous and intraperitoneal inoculation of tumor cells, and a series of quantitative description and qualitative prediction techniques were adopted to investigate the effects of subcutaneous and intraperitoneal tumorigenesis on the life of mice, After 21 days periods, all mice were tested for several aspects of CRF: (1) size of tumor volume; (2) behavioral detection of fatigue; (3) liver, kidney function and lipid levels; (4) organ indices; (5) pathological and electron microscopic observation of gastrocnemius and quadriceps muscles; and (6) determination of oxidative stress indices in gastrocnemius.Results: Compared with normal mice, the fatigue level significantly increased in both models mice, and tumor growth was accompanied by significant fatigue in the organism and might be related to decrease of skeletal muscle mass, destruction of muscle structure, and disorders of skeletal muscle metabolism. Different analyses were performed on the two models, and it was found that the fatigue level was more severe in the abdominal transfer model compared with the subcutaneous transplantation tumor model. HGB and HCT decreased significantly, liver and kidney function were more severely impaired, gastrocnemius muscle area was more reduced, and oxidative damage of gastrocnemius muscle was higher. Conclusion: This study provides a comprehensive description of the main processes that cause fatigue due to tumor itself and provides a standard and reliable animal model for further pharmacological or pharmacodynamic studies.
Construction of XGBoost Model for Early Lung Cancer Prediction Based on Metabolic Indexes
Authors: Guan Xiuliang , Ma Rufei , Teng Nan , Du Yue , Ou Shu , Li Xiaofeng
Published: July 2022

Background
In order to test the predictive effect of the XGBoost model in the machine learning algorithm for early lung cancer diagnosis and the importance of amino acid and carnitine indicators in affecting the occurrence of lung cancer, this study used data from 848 patients with lung cancer and benign lung nodules.
Results
The study selected 49 serum amino acid and carnitine indexes, as well as age and gender demographic indexes of subjects from a hospital in Dalian City, Liaoning Province. After screening with stepwise regression algorithm, 16 indicators were included.Draw the ROC curve of 5 models, comparing the accuracy, precision, recall, and F1 score of the lung cancer prediction model with the nomogram and the machine learning algorithm, the optimal model (XGBoost) was obtained, and the feature importance ranking was obtained using the XGBoost model.In the method of screening indicators, the index modeling accuracy after screening using the stepwise regression algorithm was the highest, which was 75.29%, and the AUC value was 0.81. In the model performance comparison, the accuracy of the nomogram is 68.24%, and the AUC value is 0.74. Among the machine learning models, the XGBoost algorithm has the best performance, with an accuracy rate of 75.29% and an ROC value of 0.81. In the model feature importance score results, the top three important features were ornithine, valine and palmitoylcarnitine.
Conclusions
The combined use of nomogram and machine learning model(XGBoost) not only improves the accuracy of the lung cancer prediction model, but also makes the understanding of the results more intuitive and convenient for doctors and patients.
Wnt4 and ephrinB2 instruct apical constriction via Dishevelled and non-canonical signaling
Authors: Yoon Jaeho , Sun Jian , Lee Moonsup , Hwang Yoo-Seok , Daar Ira
Published: July 2022

Apical constriction is a cell shape change critical to vertebrate neural tube closure, and the contractile force required for this process is generated by actin-myosin networks. The signaling cue that instructs this process has remained elusive. Here, we identify Wnt4 and the transmembrane ephrinB2 protein as playing an instructive role in neural tube closure as members of a signaling complex we termed WERDS (Wnt4, EphrinB2, Ror2, Dishevelled (Dsh2), and Shroom3). Disruption of function or interaction among members of the WERDS complex results in defects of apical constriction and neural tube closure. The mechanism of action involves Wnt4 binding the non-canonical Wnt receptor, Ror2, and enhancing an interaction with ephrinB2, through the main Wnt scaffold protein, Dsh2. This complex in turn recruits the adaptor protein Shroom3, which activates Rho-associated kinase (Rock) to induce apical constriction. Remarkably, we also discovered that a key part of this mechanism is that ephrinB2 antagonizes Wnt/β-catenin signaling through the interaction with Dsh2, which switches Dsh2 function from canonical to non-canonical Wnt signaling that is required for proper neural tube closure.
scDREAMER: atlas-level integration of single-cell datasets using deep generative model paired with adversarial classifier
Authors: Shree Ajita , Pavan Musale Krushna , Zafar Hamim
Published: July 2022

Integration of heterogeneous single-cell sequencing datasets generated across multiple tissue locations, time and conditions is essential for a comprehensive understanding of the cellular states and expression programs underlying complex biological systems. Here, we present scDREAMER (https://github.com/Zafar-Lab/scDREAMER), a novel data integration framework that employs a novel adversarial variational autoencoder for learning lower-dimensional cellular embeddings and a batch classifier neural network for the removal of batch effects. Using five real benchmarking datasets, we demonstrated that scDREAMER can overcome critical challenges including the presence of skewed cell types among batches, nested batch effects, large number of batches and conservation of development trajectory across different batches. Moreover, our benchmarking demonstrated that scDREAMER outperformed state-of-the-art methods in batch-correction and conservation of biological variation. Using a 1 million cells dataset, we further showed that scDREAMER is scalable and can perform atlas-level integration across species (e.g., human and mouse) while being faster than other deep-learning-based methods.
Selective emergence of antibody-secreting cells in the multiple sclerosis brain
Authors: Bogers Laurens , Engelenburg Hendrik J. , Janssen Malou , Unger Peter-Paul A. , Melief Marie-José , Wierenga-Wolf Annet F. , Hsiao Cheng-Chih , Mason Matthew R.J. , Hamann Jörg , Langelaar Jamie , Smolders Joost , Luijn Marvin M.
Published: July 2022

BackgroundAlthough distinct brain-homing B cells have been identified in multiple sclerosis (MS), it is unknown how these further evolve to contribute to local pathology. In this study, we explored B-cell maturation in the central nervous system (CNS) of MS and control brain donors and determined their association with immunoglobulin (Ig) production, T-cell presence and lesion formation. MethodsEx vivo multicolor flow cytometry was performed on postmortem blood, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), meninges and white matter from 28 MS and 10 non-demented control donors. MS brain tissue sections were analyzed with immunostainings and laser-capture microdissection to obtain paired lesional rims and perilesional areas. IgG index and CSF oligoclonal bands were measured with nephelometry, isoelectric focusing and immunoblotting. Blood-derived B cells from MS patients and healthy controls were cocultured under T follicular helper-like conditions to evaluate their ASC-differentiating capacity in vitro.ResultsASC versus B-cell ratios were increased in postmortem CNS compartments of MS but not control donors. Local presence of ASCs associated with a mature CD45low phenotype, focal MS lesional activity, lesional Ig gene expression, and CSF IgG levels as well as clonality. In vitro blood B-cell maturation into ASCs did not differ between MS and control donors. Notably, lesional CD4+ memory T cells positively correlated with the presence of ASCs, which was accompanied by local interaction with T cells.Conclusion These findings provide evidence that local B cells in MS preferentially mature into ASCs, which are largely responsible for both intrathecal and local Ig production. This is especially seen in active MS white matter lesions and likely depends on the interaction with CD4+ memory T cells that are locally present.
Pericoronary adipose tissue differences among plaque types: a retrospective assessment Abstract
Authors: Jing Mengyuan , Sun Jianqing , Zhou Qing , Sun Jiachen , Li Xiangwen , Xi Huaze , Zhang Bin , Lin Xiaoqiang , Deng Liangna , Han Tao , Zhou Junlin
Published: July 2022

Purpose: To assess differences in pericoronary adipose tissue (PCAT) in patients with different plaque types by using several quantitative parameters of PCAT and investigate the relationship between PCAT and different plaque types.Methods: We retrospectively recruited 488 patients diagnosed with stable coronary artery disease (CAD) via coronary computed tomographic angiography, including 279 with calcified plaques (CP), 153 with non-calcified plaques (NCP), and 56 with mixed plaques (MP). Volume, fat attenuation index (FAI), and 10th percentile, 90th percentile, median, and minimum Hounsfield unit (HU) values of PCAT surrounding plaques were quantified using semi-automated software. Clinical features and quantitative PCAT parameters were compared between different plaque types.Results: No between-group differences were observed for age, sex, body mass index, risk factors, and plaque location. Length and PCAT volume in the NCP group were lower than those of the CP and MP groups (P < 0.001), whereas there were no significant differences between the CP and MP groups (P > 0.05). Patients with NCP and MP had a higher FAI and 10th percentile, 90th percentile, median, and minimum HU values of PCAT than CP (P < 0.001); however these values were not significantly different between the NCP and MP groups (P > 0.05). Conclusion: The quantitative parameters of PCAT, as a biosensor for CAD, vary among the different plaque types.
Automated Sunspot Detection as an Alternative to Visual Observations
Authors: Hanaoka Yoichiro
Published: July 2022

We developed an automated method for sunspot detection using digital white-light solar images to achieve a performance similar to that of visual drawing observations in sunspot counting. To identify down to small, isolated spots correctly, we pay special attention to the accurate derivation of the quiet-disk component of the Sun, which is used as a reference to identify sunspots using a threshold. This threshold is determined using an adaptive method to process images obtained under various conditions. To eliminate the seeing effect, our method can process multiple images taken within a short time. We applied the developed method to digital images captured at three sites and compared the detection results with those of visual observations. We conclude that the proposed sunspot detection method has a similar performance to that of visual observation. This method can be widely used by public observatories and amateurs as well as professional observatories as an alternative to hand-drawn visual observation for sunspot counting.
Adult Cystic Lymphangioma and its features: A case report and literature review
Authors: V Shyam Saravanan , R Jayakumar , K Thenmozhi , Shivam Vishnu
Published: July 2022

Background:
Lymphangiomas are benign malformations of lymphatic system uncommon in adults. We present a case of adult cystic lymphangioma in the neck region.
Case presentation:
A 26 year old female presented with a large swelling on the right side of the neck. The patient was uncomfortable cosmetically. Clinical diagnosis of cystic lymphangioma was made based on history and physical examination. An impression of lymphangioma was given on FNAC and radiological examination. The cyst is surgically removed by raising a skin flap and the cyst wall specimen was sent for histopathological examination for confirmation. The histopathological sections confirmed the diagnosis. The postoperative period is uneventful. There was no recurrence till the current follow up.
Conclusion:
In a case of painless and progressive neck swelling, lymphangioma should be considered as a differential diagnosis despite the fact that they occur rarely in adults and appropriate treatment should be started as soon as possible to prevent pressure symptoms due to the progressive growth.
Pulmonary sclerosing pneumocytoma and mortality risk
Authors: Kim So Jeong , Kang Hye-Rin , Lee Chun Geun , Choi Seung Ho , Kim Yeon Wook , Lee Hyun Woo , Lee Chang-Hoon
Published: July 2022

Background: Surgical resection is recommended in all patients with pulmonary sclerosing pneumocytoma (PSP). However, no comparative study has demonstrated that surgical resection leads to improved outcomes. We aimed to compare all-cause mortality between patients with PSP who underwent surgery or did not and those without PSP.Methods: Participants aged ≥18 years who had pathologically diagnosed PSP between 2001 to 2018, at 3 hospitals were included. Randomly selected (up to 1:5) age-, sex-, and smoking status-matched controls were included. Mortality was compared using Kaplan–Meier estimates and Cox proportional hazards regression models. Literature review of studies reporting PSP was also conducted.Results: This study included 107 patients with PSP (surgery:non-surgery, 80:27) and 520 matched controls. There were no cases of lymph node or distant metastasis, recurrence, or mortality from PSP. No significant difference in all-cause mortality risk was observed between the PSP surgery, PSP non-surgery, and non-PSP groups (log rank test P=0.78) (PSP surgery vs. non-PSP: adjusted hazards ratio [aHR], 1.80; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.22-14.6; PSP non-surgery vs. non-PSP: aHR, 0.77; 95% CI, 0.15-3.86; PSP surgery vs. PSP non-surgery: aHR, 2.35; 95% CI, 0.20-28.2). In the literature review, we identified 3,469 patients with PSP from 355 studies. Only 1.33% of these patients reported metastasis, recurrence, or death.Conclusions: All-cause mortality did not differ between patients with PSP and those without, irrespective of undergoing surgery. Our study and the literature review suggest that PSP has less impact on increased mortality risk.
Der Arbeitsausfall
Authors: Wohlwend Marc
Published: July 2022

Im Schweizer Arbeitsrecht gilt das aus dem deutschen Arbeitsrecht übernommene Dogma der absoluten Fixschuld, wonach die nachträgliche Erfüllung der ausgefallenen Arbeit nicht mehr möglich sein soll. Sofern nicht eine Lohnfortzahlungspflicht besteht, ist der Grundsatz «ohne Arbeit kein Lohn» anzuwenden. Der Beitrag geht dem Ursprung des Fixschulddogmas nach und zeigt anhand der Natur, des Zwecks und der tatsächlichen Umstände bei einem Arbeitsausfall auf, dass die Arbeitsleistung heutzutage grundsätzlich nicht als Fixschuld verabredet ist und demzufolge die Arbeitgebenden gehalten sind, eine angemessene Nachfrist anzusetzen, damit die Arbeitnehmenden die ausgefallene Arbeit nacharbeiten können.

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Le droit du travail suisse applique le dogme de la dette fixe absolue (absolute Fixschuld), repris du droit du travail allemand, selon lequel l'exécution ultérieure du travail perdu ne doit plus être possible. Dans la mesure où il n'existe pas d'obligation de maintien du salaire, le principe « sans travail, pas de salaire » (« ohne Arbeit kein Lohn ») doit être appliqué. L'article se penche sur l'origine de ce dogme et montre, sur la base de la nature, de l'objectif et des circonstances réelles d'une perte de travail, que de nos jours, la prestation de travail n'est en principe pas considérée comme une dette fixe. Ainsi, les employeurs sont tenus d'accorder aux travailleurs un délai supplémentaire raisonnable afin qu'ils puissent effectuer le travail perdu.
OPEN SCIENCE: CURRENCY CHALLENGES AND DEVELOPMENT
PROSPECTS IN UKRAINE
Authors: Kubatko V. , Volk I.
Published: July 2022

Science is an important part of the intellectual infrastructure of the modern world. It stimulates social development, enriches the information system of education, politics, promotes innovation. Open Science is a change in the existing system of scientific research, which allows to improve scientific activity through open and joint ways of cooperation and exchange of knowledge and data in the process of research, transmission and exchange of results. This new approach is affecting research institutions and research practices in general, opening up new ways of funding, evaluating and providing material incentives to researchers. Open science increases the quality and impact of science, promoting its reproducibility and interdisciplinarity. This makes science more efficient through the rational allocation of resources, more reliable through meaningful testing and more sensitive to the needs of society. Openness of scientific activity involves providing access to research results in digital format to a wide range of users through the use of information and communication technology tools. On the one hand, online platforms create new opportunities for organizing and publishing the content of research projects, scientific developments and large data sets, which makes them available to other scientists and researchers, as well as potential users in the business community and society as a whole. On the other hand, information and communication technologies allow to collect large amounts of data and information that can be the basis for scientific experiments and research.
The article examines the theoretical aspects of the development of open science in the European scientific space, its content and identified by the European Commission areas of implementation. The issues of regulation of Open Science policy implementation processes are analyzed and its main participants are identified. The advantages and obstacles in the implementation of the provisions of open science by the subjects of scientific activity, as well as the features of managing the processes of its implementation in modern institutions of higher education, identified promising areas of Open Science in the scientific environment of Ukraine.
Differentiation of Black and Sugar Maple Cultivars with Scanning Electron Microscopy1
Authors: Krause C.R.
Published: July 2022

Two cultivars of sugar maple, (Acer saccharum Marsh.) and a cultivar of black maple (A. nigrum Michx. f.) which could not be distinguished from one another by conventional techniques were differentiated with scanning electron microscopy. Leaf margins of the black maple cultivar were fringed with trichomes whereas sugar maple cultivars lacked marginal trichomes. Leaf surfaces of Mack maple appeared smooth while sugar maple possessed flocculent wax. Stomatal collars and trichome surfaces showed distinguishing features between both black and sugar maple cultivars.
Long-Term Storage of Peaches and Nectarines Intermittently Warmed during Controlled-Atmosphere Storage1
Authors: Anderson R. E.
Published: July 2022

Peaches and nectarines [Prunus persica (L.) Batsch] ripened at 18° to 20°C after storage in air for 9 weeks at 0° developed severe internal breakdown and were of very poor quality. Comparable fruit intermittently warmed (IW) for 2 days in air at 18° to 20° during storage at 0° in CA (1% O2 + 5% CO2) and then ripened generally had little breakdown and retained good quality for about 20 weeks. Less mature fruit (6.8 kg at harvest) were more acid after storage than were more mature fruit (5.5 kg at harvest). Fruit dipped in benomyl at each IW treatment had no less decay than those dipped only before storage but they had a better internal appearance and were more acid. Fruit stored in CA after 2 weeks delay in 0° air generally were poorer in quality than those stored in CA within 2 or 3 days of harvest.
Influence of Light Intensity and Drought Stress on Ficus benjamina L.1
Authors: Johnson C. R. , Nell T. A. , Rosenbaum S. E. , Lauritis J. A.
Published: July 2022

Water stress reduced dry matter accumulation in Ficus benjamina plants, especially those grown in the sun. Accumulation of carbohydrates and reduction of chlorophyll was associated with water stress in sun plants, but there were no stress related changes of carbohydrate or chlorophyll levels in plants grown under 47% shade. Electron micrographs of chloroplasts showed starch deposits and disruption of thylakoid structures with water stress in sun plants, while disruption due to water stress was less severe in shade-grown plants. Net photosynthesis (Pn) was lower for unstressed shaded plants, but interposure of water stress resulted in similar Pn levels for both light regimes. Photosynthesis was restored to non-stressed levels after irrigation in both sun and shade light treatments. Lowest light compensation points (LCP) occurred in shade plants with no influence due to water stress, but water stress caused high LCP in sun plants.
Development of Flowers and Changes in Various Sugars during Opening of Cut Carnations1
Authors: Paulin A. , Jamain C.
Published: July 2022

Bud-cut carnations kept in opening solutions had about the same diameter, weight, and vase-life as those cut when mature. For opening solutions, sucrose (30g/liter) appeared to be more efficient than glucose. The flower quality at full opening was better with sucrose although the vase-life was slightly longer with glucose. The flower development seemed to depend on the exogenous sugar supply and on the concomitant accumulation of soluble reducing sugars. When cut carnation flowers were supplied with a solution of 14C glucose, only a fraction of the glucose was transformed into sucrose in the stem. The level of 14C hexoses rose in petals, resulting from sucrose hydrolysis in the petals and from glucose directly translocated. A strong isomerase activity occurred in the petals. The leaves had no particular function in the translocation and transformation of sugars. These results are different from those reported earlier for roses.