bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Anti-asthmatic activity of hydro alcoholic extract of Buddleja madagascariensis (Lam.) leaves in Guinea pig
Authors: Andriantsalama Mario REBOZA  , Jeanne Mérédith RAOLIARISOA  , Delore Soaviherimbola RAZAFIMAHAZORO  , Nathaniel QUANSAH  , Jean François RAJAONARISON  , Patricia RANDRIANAVONY
Published: January 2025

The anti-asthmatic activity of the hydro alcoholic extract of Buddleja madagascariensis (Lam.) leaves was evaluated in vivo in guinea pigs and in vitro using the isolated guinea pig trachea. Administered orally at doses 50, 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg it protects animals from spasm of the air way caused by histamine aerosol 0.5 % pulverization. Dyspnoea starts at 68 ± 1.20 sec for control group animals, versus 120.25 ± 1.03, 156 ± 2.04, 240 ± 2.07 and 279 ± 1.68 sec for the animals treated with the extract at doses 50, 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg respectively (p<0.05). In vitro, the hydro alcoholic extract of B. madagascariensis leaves relaxes isolated guinea pig trachea pre contracted with histamine at 10-4 M with an EC50 of 0.037 mg/ml. These results indicate the bronchodilation activity of this plant. The pre-incubation of the isolated trachea in the bath containing the extract at concentrations of 40, 50 and 60 µl/ml increased the EC50 of histamine from 4.61 10-8 M to 5.58 10-7 M, 6.42 10-6 M and 8.32 10-5 M respectively (p<0.05). The maximal contraction induced by histamine decreases from 100 % to 92 ± 3, 83 ± 2 and 62 ± 3 %. This effect could be caused by the alkaloids and/or flavonoids present in the extract.
Trypanosome burden in an emerging livestock breeding area in central-western Côte d'Ivoire
Authors: Martial Kassi N’Djetchi  , Barkissa Mélika Traoré  , Innocent Allepo Abé  , Félix Kouadio Yéboué  , Georges Bohoussou Kassi  , Thomas Konan Konan  , Bernardin Ahouty Ahouty  , Mathurin Koffi
Published: January 2025

The Haut-Sassandra region, in the center-west of Côte d’Ivoire, is experiencing a real emergence of cattle breeding thanks to pasture available almost all year round. However, this region, endemic for human African trypanosomiasis, is also teeming with animal trypanosomes, which remains a brake on productivity. In this region, the real parasitic burden due to trypanosomes is not well documented. This study aims to evaluate the serological prevalence of trypanosomes using blood samples collected from 164 cattle originating from 8 farms in the departments of Daloa and Zoukougbeu. Serological tests carried out on all animals revealed an overall prevalence of 27.44% with CATT-B and 57.78% with CATT-P. According to sex, females (CATT-B+ = 28.21% and CATT-P ≥¼= 65.63%) were more infected than males (CATT-B+ = 25.53% and CATT-P ≥¼= 38.46%). The infection rates with CATT-B and CATT-P ≥¼ varied significantly (p-value < 0.05) depending on the departments and study sites. This study revealed traces of trypanosomes in cattle, identifying the cattle in these two departments as animal reservoirs of trypanosomes.
Reimagining sourcing and procurement leveraging digital transformation for strategic value creation in the global supply chain
Authors: Indrajit Zope  , Padmajeet Mhaske  , Gururaj Balkrishna K Y
Published: January 2025

The relative supply chain environment is rapidly changing due to technological advancement, increasing complexity, and pressure to improve sustainability and supply chain risk. Sourcing and procurement years were recognized as cost-focused processes. However, digital transformation is revolutionizing them. AI, blockchain, IoT, RPA, and cloud options are the technologies that can help organizations move procurement into the realm of a strategic value-creating process. Thus, concerning the focus of this article, it is possible to identify several major digital transformation trends for procurement Increasing operational efficiency, enhancing supplier relationships, managing risks, and achieving sustainable procurement. Using examples of case studies and a comparative analysis of traditional and digital procurement approaches, including observations, this paper illustrates the change inhered by digital tools. It also covers issues like organizational resistance, integration issues, and cybersecurity, which are further explained to reduce such problems. At last, this article underscores the management decision-makers focus and the value of digital procurement and sustainable competitive advantage in modern procurement and supply chain management.
Assessment of noise pollution and specific mitigation measures to reduce it in educational settings and its impact on students' academic performance: A review
Authors: AZZA MOHAMED AL-ASMAR
Published: January 2025

Noise pollution causes many problems in the educational process and adversely affects the performance of educators and students. This study reviewed the research, studies, surveys, and questionnaires on the subject and examined the effects of noise pollution on the academic performance of students and certain mitigating measures to control it. This document provided a comprehensive overview of noise measurements, comparison with guidelines/standards, factors affecting noise in college and university campuses, external and internal noise sources in the educational environment, effects of noise on health and student performance, sound quality of classrooms, and noise reduction. The results of the review revealed that most academic students are exposed to noisy environments, which have significant physiological and psychological effects on health. The review recommended certain noise control and management measures that include the use of noise barriers, construction of green spaces, design of noise reduction infrastructure, implementation of awareness programs, strict enforcement of laws and noise regulations, the development of advanced noise control technologies, integrated strategies, and sustainable environmental planning to reduce the menace of noise pollution.
Epidemiology, classification, etiology, complications, and treatments of finger traumatic amputation: A literature review
Authors: Ainun Albarr Qolby Mecca  , Agus Santoso Budi  , Teddy Heri Wardhana  , Magda Rosalina Hutagalung
Published: January 2025

Traumatic finger amputation is a significant medical and functional challenge with varied etiologies, ranging from workplace injuries to recreational accidents. While classification systems like Pulp, Nail, and Bone (PNB) have enhanced injury assessment, the management and outcomes of such injuries remain highly variable. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the epidemiology, classification, etiology, complications, and management strategies for traumatic finger amputations. Relevant literature was identified through a systematic search of databases including PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar. Studies were selected based on their focus on traumatic finger amputation, including epidemiology, classification systems, mechanisms of injury, complications, and treatment approaches. The review reveals that traumatic finger amputations are most common among young males and are often associated with machinery and traffic accidents. The PNB classification system offers a detailed framework for evaluating injuries, complementing traditional systems. Complications such as arterial insufficiency, neuroma formation, and cold intolerance are frequently reported. Treatment options, primarily replantation and stump plasty, depend on the severity of tissue damage and patient-specific factors. Effective management of traumatic finger amputations requires a combination of surgical expertise and long-term rehabilitation to address functional and psychosocial challenges. Future research should focus on improving surgical techniques, advancing prosthetic designs, and standardizing treatment protocols to enhance patient outcomes.
Description of the Etiologies in Patients with Hyper ferritinemia in the biochemistry laboratory- Avicenna Military hospital-Marrakesh
Authors: Ibtissame Benhamou  , Meryem Chouikh  , Saliha Chellak  , Abderrahmane Boukhira
Published: January 2025

Objectives of the study: The aim of this study was to identify the underlying causes of hyperferritinemia in patients and to analyze their clinical and epidemiological characteristics. Data were collected from 188 patients at the Avicenne Military Hospital in Marrakech between January 2019 and December 2022.

Patients and methods: Patients aged over 18 with plasma ferritin levels > 600 μg/L were included. They were stratified into three categories: moderate elevation (600-1000 μg/L), significant elevation (1000-1500 μg/L) and extreme elevation (> 1500 μg/L). Demographic data, clinical parameters and laboratory results were collected and analyzed using descriptive statistics. Plasma ferritin levels were determined by electrochemiluminescence and CRP levels were assessed by immunoturbidimetry.

Résults: Of the 188 patients, 109 were male and 79 female, with a mean age of 51 years. Infections were identified as the most common cause of hyperferritinemia (34.5%), followed by nephropathies (28.9%), systemic diseases (12.4%), malignancies (9.3%) and hepatopathies (4.3%). Less frequent etiologies included metabolic syndrome, hemochromatosis, diabetes and repeated transfusions. Bacterial infections accounted for the majority of infectious cases (80%).

Conclusion: Hyperferritinemia is a frequent biochemical abnormality with multifactorial etiologies, infections being the most frequent cause. Rapid identification of the underlying etiology is essential for effective management. A collaborative approach involving clinical and laboratory expertise is essential to optimize results and reduce associated morbidity and mortality.
Risk management strategies: Navigating volatility in complex financial market environments
Authors: Ashimiyu Nafiu  , Salaam Olawale Balogun  , Courage Oko-Odion  , Olanrewaju Olukoya Odumuwagun
Published: January 2025

The complexities of modern financial markets, characterized by heightened volatility and uncertainty, have necessitated the evolution of advanced risk management strategies. As global markets become increasingly interconnected, financial institutions, investors, and policymakers face unprecedented challenges in identifying, assessing, and mitigating risks. Effective risk management has emerged as a cornerstone of financial stability, requiring a blend of traditional methods and innovative tools. This paper explores comprehensive strategies for navigating volatility in complex financial environments, addressing systemic, credit, market, and operational risks. Traditional approaches, such as portfolio diversification and value-at-risk (VaR) modelling, remain foundational but are now complemented by cutting-edge technologies, including artificial intelligence (AI), machine learning (ML), and big data analytics. These tools enable real-time monitoring, predictive analytics, and stress testing, enhancing the capacity to anticipate and respond to emerging threats. Additionally, the integration of blockchain technology offers improved transparency and resilience in financial transactions, further mitigating systemic vulnerabilities. Case studies from diverse sectors highlight the practical applications of these strategies, illustrating how robust risk management frameworks can minimize losses, enhance profitability, and ensure regulatory compliance. The paper also examines the role of regulatory frameworks in shaping risk management practices and emphasizes the importance of a proactive, adaptive approach in navigating volatile market conditions. By combining traditional methodologies with technological advancements, financial institutions can build resilient systems capable of withstanding shocks and fostering long-term stability. This paper concludes by identifying emerging trends, such as quantum computing and decentralized finance, as transformative forces likely to redefine risk management in the future.
The impact of skin grafts on the management of deep burns: Approaches and results in the treatment of third-degree burns
Authors: Imane El Aissaoui  , Hamza Barij  , Mimoun Mahioui  , Aisha Mai  , Omar Bouazza  , Hanane El Addak  , Adil Dehhaze
Published: January 2025

Deep burns are serious and complex injuries, leading to complete destruction of the skin and subjacent tissues, with risks of major complications. Treatment requires a multidisciplinary approach, with skin grafting playing a key role in restoring skin integrity and promoting healing.

The aim of this study is to demonstrate the efficiency of skin grafting in the treatment of deep burns, and its impact on improving the management of burn patients. A retrospective study of 50 patients admitted for the management of deep burns, hospitalized in the plastic, reconstructive and burns surgery department of CHU Tanger-Tetouan-Al Hoceima, over a 12-month period. Patients were divided into two groups: 15 patients treated with skin grafting (30%) and 35 patients treated with directed wound healing (70%). The average age of the patients was 29 years. Men accounted for 60% of patients, with a predominance also in the graft group.

Patient comorbidities included arterial hypertension (14%), psychiatric disorders (10%), diabetes (8%) and epilepsy (6%). In terms of burns, 56% were thermal by flame, 32% by liquid contact and 12% electrical burns. Burns mainly affected the upper limbs (60%) and trunk (46%). Concerning the burn extent, 62% of patients had a BSI ≥ 20%. Skin grafts were mainly performed after 21 days, with a majority of thin skin grafts (87%). Graft uptake was optimal in the majority of cases, and we observed a minimal rate of post-operative complications consisting of partial graft lysis and one case of infection. Finally, major complications were more frequent in the directed healing group, including retractile bridles (14%) and hypertrophic scars (20%), whereas grafted patients mainly presented dysesthesia (8%) and hypertrophic scars (6%). Skin grafting has an important role to play in restoring skin integrity and preventing complications, improving healing and having a significant functional and aesthetic impact.
Development of Learning Media for the Digital Native Generation
Authors: Antara Freddy , Ardipal
Published: January 2025

Digital Native is someone who was born in the 21st century, where the role of technology cannot be separated from his daily life, as well as in learning the art of music composition, the presence of the Score Creator application greatly assists the teacher's role both in conveying music material, analyzing music to creating a work of musical composition. Apart from that professional teachers are also required to develop an ideal learning model that is appropriate to the era, so that the classic problems that are often found by teachers in learning will be greatly assisted. This study aims to determine the benefits of Score Creator in learning music composition. This type of research is (research and development). The development steps chosen by the researcher refer to the ten steps of implementing the research and development strategy according to Borg and Gall. The results of the study show that by using the score creator music application learning music composition is more effective. The learning model developed can maximize students' abilities in making a piece of music. Students will find it easy to write notations, compose compositions and provide interpretations of the works they create, and be able to perform well-performed music without the need for expertise in playing musical instruments.
Development and Validation of a Mathematics Learning Motivation Questionnaire for Middle-Grade Elementary Students
Authors: Xue Jin , Herdian
Published: January 2025

This study aimed to develop and validate the "Mathematics Learning Motivation Questionnaire for Middle-Grade Elementary School Students," focusing on cognitive drive, self-enhancement drive, and affiliated drive, to measure the mathematics learning motivation among middle-grade elementary students. The study was conducted in two phases using a sample of students from third and fourth grades in Nanjing, Nantong, and Hefei. Initially, a pilot phase (Study 1) involved administering the questionnaire to 129 participants to perform item analysis and ensure item discrimination. In the formal testing phase (Study 2), the refined questionnaire was administered to a larger sample of 381 students to assess reliability and validity through item-total correlation. The questionnaire demonstrated significant discriminative capacity, with all items showing notable differences in motivation levels between high and low scorers. The reliability analysis yielded a Cronbach's Alpha of 0.949, indicating high reliability. However, items with low correlation coefficients in the pilot phase were removed to enhance the tool’s focus and validity. The study’s geographical limitation to specific regions might affect the generalizability of the findings. Additionally, the design of the questionnaire, while comprehensive, did not fully account for the discriminant validity due to the constrained development time. The "Mathematics Learning Motivation Questionnaire for Middle-Grade Elementary School Students" provides a reliable and valid tool for assessing student motivation in mathematics. Future research should expand the scope to include a more diverse geographic sample and employ longitudinal designs to explore motivational changes over time, enhancing the tool’s applicability and effectiveness in diverse educational contexts.
The Manifestation and Teaching Suggestions of Negative Forms of Arabic Modal Verbs in Chinese
Authors: Jihen Soula
Published: January 2025

This study examines the interaction between negative modal verb sentences in Arabic and Chinese, focusing on their dynamic relationship at the syntactic level. The study reveals that negative forms in Chinese modal verbs form the core element of its sentence structure, reflecting a different sentence expression pattern from Arabic. Arabic modal verb sentences have similar roles but are constrained by negative consistency, resulting in significant differences in their structural patterns. This study provides insights into the negative modal verbs complexity of language encoding and the inherent characteristics of language diversity and cultural differences between Chinese and Arabic. It enriches our understanding of language structure and cross-linguistic communication rules. The study highlights unique features and commonalities in language use, providing valuable perspectives for understanding communication between different languages.
Optimization Of The Water Distribution Network of Regional Water Utility Company (PDAM) Using Prim Algorithm
Authors: Nurviana Nurviana , Harahap Jahrohani , Muliani Fitra
Published: January 2025

Graph Theory is an old part of mathematics but has many applications. Graphs are used to represent discrete objects and the relationships between them. One of its applications is in the field of network optimization to find the minimum total pipe length. This research will implement Prim algorithm in optimizing the water distribution network of PDAM Tirta Keumueneng Langsa City with the help of the MATLAB software program. The data used is in the form of secondary data, namely a map image of the water distribution network area and the length of the pipe used in PDAM Tirta Keumueng Langsa City. Based on this data, it can be represented as a graph, which can then be obtained a minimum spanning tree using Prim algorithm with the help of the MATLAB software program. The results showed that the minimum total length of pipe produced by Prim’s algorithm was 105.080,8 meters. This means that it can be said that the application of the Prim algorithm provides an optimal total pipe length, thereby saving 10.113 meters of PDAM water distribution network pipes from the initial total length of 115.193,8 meters.
Nanoparticle Synthesis of Secang Wood Extract (Caesalpinia sappan L.) as Antibacterial Agent
Authors: Febbriani Dedek , Juwitaningsih Tita , Ginting Amalia Anggreni Br , Zulmi Annisya Dwi Putri , Kirana Sasi , Yunita Peggy Ananda Putri Adi , Ginting Frengky Sanjaya
Published: January 2025

Abstract. Indonesia is a country rich in various types of plants that can be used as medicinal ingredients, including traditional medicine, herbs, and jamu. The sappanwood plant is one of the widely used plants in traditional medicine. The sappanwood plant contains chemicals such as flavonoids, brazilin, alkaloids, saponins, tannins, phenylpropane, and terpenoids. The need for metabolite compounds has recently increased significantly to overcome resistance to bacteria. Infectious diseases in Indonesia are still among the ten highest diseases, so in 2050 deaths due to antibiotic resistance will reach 10 million per year and become the highest cause of death among other causes. The methodology of this study began with sample preparation, making sappanwood extract, isolating secondary metabolite compounds using preliminary TLC, synthesizing nanoparticles using the ionic gelation method, and testing antibacterial activity using P. acnes and P. aeruginosa bacteria. The results of the study revealed that the synthesis of nanoparticles showed moderate antibacterial activity with an inhibition zone of 8.15 mm against P. acnes and 9.1 mm against P. aeruginosa. In contrast, ethyl acetate extract showed a stronger antimicrobial effect, reaching inhibition zones of 13.02 mm and 19.54 mm, respectively. This indicates that the activity shown is relatively strong due to the difference in concentration used during the study. It is expected that further research can produce a larger antibacterial inhibition zone than ethyl acetate extract.
Design of a debugger architecture for parallel programming in a heterogeneous environment from a co-design point of view
Authors:   Korean Institute of Smart Media, Jung Hyun Mi , Jeong Ki Moon
Published: January 2025

This paper presents the case of H/W and S/W co-design development for heterogeneous environments through the development of OpenCL debugger for RISC-V chip with accelerator function for parallel programming. The aim of the debugger development is to debug OpenCL applications running on the chip and host based on LLDB (Low-Level Debugger). The chip consists of RISC-V cores, supports FP64 data types, is a matrix/vector arithmetic accelerator with new instructions, and includes a basic RISC-V debug subsystem. We performed a targeted analysis of the RISC-V debug subsystem for debugging OpenCL applications running on the device to derive device development requirements. We also designed the debugger architecture by analysing the programming execution model.
Development of School Uniform Skirt Pattern of Obese Girls' High School Students Using 3D Virtual Clothing Simulation
Authors:   Korean Institute of Smart Media, Shin Jang Hee
Published: January 2025

The purpose of this study is to design the uniform skirt pattern of obese high school students by creating a virtual model for obese high school students using the 3D CLO program, using the Uttu CAD system, and simulating and correcting the uniform skirt prototype in three dimensions.
Based on previous studies, a comparison pattern was created by applying the human body dimensions of obese high school girls, and the final research pattern was designed through wearing and correction through preliminary attachment experiments of the comparison pattern.
This is thought to be used as basic data to produce uniforms that can improve the fit of female high school students' uniforms and increase satisfaction with uniforms through the revision of the pattern system method by adding or subtracting according to the type of obesity.
Effect of Emoji Motion and Visual Complexity on Emotional Perception in Mobile Chatting Context
Authors:   Korean Institute of Smart Media, Li Dahua , Park Hyerin , Han Kwanghee
Published: January 2025

This study investigated how motion and visual complexity of emojis in online mobile chat platforms influence emotional perception. A 2×2 within-subjects completely randomized block design experiment measured the effects of motion (present or absent) and visual complexity (high or low) on emotional perception. Results revealed that highly complex emojis enhanced both emotional perception accuracy and intensity, while motion effects only increased emotional intensity. Moreover, emojis with motion were perceived as conveying the senders emotional actions rather than just emotional expressions. These findings emphasize the importance of combining visual complexity and motion effects when designing emojis for effective emotional communication.
A Study on the Linkage of National University Libraries through Cooperative System
Authors:   Korean Institute of Smart Media, Kim Yoon Hee , Kong Soon Ku , Park Mi Ju
Published: January 2025

(Background and Purpose) In a rapidly changing social environment, Korea is facing serious and unbalanced social problems such as overcrowding in the metropolitan area and decreasing the school-age population. Despite the government's recent efforts to provide a new learning and educational space through the opening of school libraries, the utilization rate of citizens in libraries is low, and the lack of a management system is causing problems in which educational and learning resources are not fully utilized. Therefore, this study aims to identify conflicting patterns and establish a cooperative network between university libraries and school libraries by analyzing the current domestic education administrative structure system. (Conclusions) In other words, the formation of the university and school library network system can be seen as a result of the urgent need for changes in the current educational administrative structure. It is hoped that the system of the mutual cooperation system derived in this study will contribute to the development of library administration and spatial research in the future.
An Animated Simulation System of vehicles driving at 1,200km/h in Hyperloop Tubeway
Authors:   Korean Institute of Smart Media, Ok Min-Hwan , Lee Chang-Young
Published: January 2025

The HyperTube (or Hyperloop) is a vehicle that travels inside a tube with low-density air, designed to run on a single lane due to the tube’s structure. Maintaining a safe distance between vehicles is crucial because it travels at ultra-high speeds of around 1,000 km/h. The simulation system we have implemented analyzes the impact of a key parameter causing deviations from the planned acceleration or deceleration on maintaining safe inter-vehicle distances. It simulates and animates the acceleration towards around 1,000 km/h and deceleration in real-time, allowing for simultaneous monitoring of multiple vehicles. This system provides real-time observation of vehicle statuses and helps identify points to be improved in the driving control of the physical capsule vehicle model under development, by showing speed changes and inter-vehicle distances. Future development would enable observations of abnormal driving conditions caused by other parameters.
Optimal Cultivation Strategies and Prediction of Fresh Weight in Vegetable Farming
Authors:   Korean Institute of Smart Media, Kang Jin Ho , Liu Zhuolin , Kang Soo Ram , Na Myung-Hwan
Published: January 2025

Crops grown in open fields are greatly affected by various environmental factors such as climate, temperature changes and precipitation which can significantly influence crop yields depending on cultivation methods and environmental conditions. Therefore, this study proposes cultivation strategies to maximize the yield of onions and garlic along with methods for predicting bulb weight.
An experimental site was established at the Allium Crop Research Institute in Muan, where growth characteristics were manually measured, and vegetation indices were acquired using multispectral imaging, along with corresponding bulb weights for both onions and garlic at regular intervals. To predict bulb weight, three predictive models were applied: NFCRM, RFRM, and 1D-CNN+Attention BiLSTM. Comparative analysis of predictive performance showed that NFCRM outperformed the other models, RFRM and 1DCABL, in predicting of the bulb weight of both onions and garlic.
Development of a Software Education Program Using Autonomous Flying Drones
Authors:   Korean Institute of Smart Media, Yoo Jae Myeong , Yoon Hyo Sun , Kim Kyung Baek
Published: January 2025

To cultivate the competencies needed in the AI-driven Fourth Industrial Revolution, a software education program utilizing autonomous flying drones was developed. This program consists of an 11-session curriculum covering topics such as understanding the world of drones and the principles of flight, hands-on programming with drones, applications of AI technology, and the study of regulations and ethical guidelines related to drone operation. The program is designed to enhance students' software capabilities and creative problem-solving skills through project-based block (or text) coding for autonomous flight drones, while promoting a balanced understanding of technology and ethics. As a software education program that is both practical and effective for secondary education, it was shown to increase students' engagement and concentration while improving their understanding of software and AI. To validate the educational effectiveness of the program, we first conducted a review by educational experts, who assessed the program’s teaching methods, compatibility with secondary education software(information) curriculum, and content structure. It received a positive evaluation as appropriate and applicable for secondary education courses. A post-program survey with students also confirmed a satisfaction rate of over 90%, verifying the program's educational impact.
bOTP: Two-Factor based Unpredictable OTP using the Hash of Latest Block of the Ethereum Blockchain
Authors:   Korean Institute of Smart Media, Park Jun-Cheol
Published: January 2025

A service providing server seeks to achieve enhanced security by requesting the user for presenting an OTP value before executing a critical transaction such as money transfer. The OTP method by a separate token-type battery-powered device is not expected to always work due to the limited battery lifetime of the device, and when a problem occurs, it needs to be replaced for a fee. Other method of generating OTP by executing a mobile app is useful because no separate device is required, but it does not provide the security of the level of two-factor authentication. We propose an OTP scheme that uses the latest block of the Ethereum blockchain to generate and verify unpredictable OTPs by referring to a secret value within a mobile app and other secret stored on a separate media such as a paper. The proposed scheme achieves the high security of dual-factor authentication at no additional cost, without expiration of validity, while ensuring the currency and unpredictability of the generated OTP. Therefore, the introduction of the proposed scheme makes it possible to force the use of OTP in more diverse areas, which can add additional security to various authentication such as passwords, smart keys, and biometric recognition. As a result, it is expected that strengthened authentication can be applied without separate equipment, infrastructure, or cost, which will greatly contribute to the revitalization of Internet commerce and the creation of new business models relied on strong security for user authentication.
A Real-Time Draft Remote Measurement Framework using Unmanned Aerial Vehicles
Authors:   Korean Institute of Smart Media, Park Chanill , Lee Seungik , Noh Jeonghyun , Choi Hojun , Nam Byeongwook , Choi Youngsoo , Yoon Sirok , Park Jinsun
Published: January 2025

Measuring a ship's draft is a critical task that enhances the efficiency of bulk cargo transportation and prevents accidents such as vessel damage due to exceeding maximum draft depth. Traditional draft measurement methods require workers to approach the exterior of the ship for measurement, posing risks of accidents caused by marine environmental factors like waves and wind. To address these issues, this paper proposes an automatic draft measurement framework utilizing drones. The proposed framework estimates the drone's position to transform the images into undistorted frontal views of the draft marks and accurately detects the waterline without the need for training by employing a segmentation foundation model. Subsequently, a YOLO model is used to detect the draft marks, and the final draft depth is measured based on the detected waterline and draft marks. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed framework achieves a rapid execution time of 0.853 seconds, including both drone pose estimation and draft measurement stages. This is significantly shorter than the time required for manual measurement by workers, indicating its potential for real-time application. Moreover, an average draft measurement error of less than 20mm showcases a high level of accuracy suitable for practical field implementation.
Stock Price Prediction Model Based on LSTM Reflecting Interest Rate Fluctuations
Authors:   Korean Institute of Smart Media, Kim Eunsol , Jeon Jaegi
Published: January 2025

Due to the recent impact of inflation, central banks have maintained a policy of raising interest rates, highlighting the growing importance of financial market forecasting that reflects these economic conditions. However, there has been a lack of recent studies in Korea that consider interest rate in stock price prediction. In this study, we aimed to improve prediction accuracy by incorporating interest rates as a variable into stock price prediction models. For this purpose, we utilized the LSTM algorithm and trained the model on historical data from periods of high stock market volatility to predict the KOSPI index. Additionally, we conducted a multi-faceted analysis of the impact of interest rates through market conditions and sector-specific analyses. By employing various evaluation metrics, we performed both stock price prediction and directional movement prediction simultaneously. As a result, the model that incorporated interest rates demonstrated a 48.31% reduction in RMSE, compared to the baseline model, with the performance difference being statistically significant. This study confirms that interest rates are a critical variable in stock price prediction and that models reflecting interest rate fluctuations can enhance predictive performance.
Lanskap Elemen Retorika Komunikasi Pemasaran dalam Bentuk Jargon Iklan sebagai Pengubah Sikap Pemirsa Televisi
Authors: Pramudibyanto Hascaryo
Published: January 2025

Jargon or slogans are essential elements in television advertisements, designed to be memorable and to influence the audience's perception and attitude towards the product. This study aims to analyze the impact of using advertising jargon on television on audience attitude changes within the context of information science. Data was collected through a survey using a questionnaire involving 83 respondents from various age groups and occupations. The study explores the audience’s understanding of advertising jargon, the positioning of the jargon within the ads, and the emotional and cognitive appeal it generates. The findings show that 92.77% of respondents understand the jargon used in advertisements, and the majority find advertising jargon highly appealing (83.13%). Most respondents (72.29%) identified that jargon is typically placed in the middle of the advertisement, where audience attention is at its peak. Additionally, 73.49% of respondents felt compelled to purchase the product due to the jargon used. This indicates that jargon plays a significant role in creating emotional appeal and enhancing the audience's memory of the advertised product. Overall, this study reinforces the importance of using advertising jargon in television as an effective tool for shaping perceptions and influencing consumer purchase decisions.
Representation of Toxic Relationship in The Web Series “Yang Hilang dalam Cinta”
Authors: Fathul Qorib  , Modisa Diyah Rahmadani  , Moch Rofi’i
Published: January 2025

Yang Hilang dalam Cinta is an Indonesian web series that addresses the issue of toxic relationships. The series describes how bad the effects of a toxic relationship can be for someone, such as what Dara's character experienced, namely physical and verbal violence from her partner. However, many people are still unaware that they are in a toxic relationship. This study aims to find out how the issue of toxic relationships is represented in the web series Yang Hilang dalam Cinta. The research method used is a qualitative research method using Roland Barthes' semiotic analysis technique which uses the terms denotation, connotation and myth. The results of this study indicate that there is a toxic relationship that makes someone feel physically and mentally unsafe for the person in it. Signs of a toxic relationship include physical violence, uncontrolled emotions, dishonesty, possessiveness and excessive jealousy.
Framing Media William Gamson dan Modigliani: Pemberdayaan Perempuan Dalam Film Charlie’s Angel
Authors: Maulidatus Naqqiyah
Published: January 2025

This study analyzes the film Charlie’s Angels using Gamson and Modigliani’s media framing approach to explore how the film frames issues of gender, power, and female empowerment. By examining framing elements such as metaphors, catchphrases, and cultural symbols, this research finds that the film consciously constructs a narrative of female empowerment in response to modern social dynamics, particularly in the context of feminism. The film breaks down traditional gender stereotypes common in the action genre, positioning women as active and independent subjects without excessive sexualization. Additionally, the characterization of women in the film demonstrates that gender equality is not only a moral value but also holds strong commercial resonance. The analysis reveals that Charlie’s Angels effectively frames women as competent and empowered agents of change, creating a narrative that aligns with the growing trend of gender equality in contemporary media. This study concludes that the film's framing of female empowerment serves not only as entertainment but also as a response to cultural demands for stronger and more empowered female representation on screen.
Effects of Problem-Posing Activities Using Goal-Free Problems on Elementary Students’ Affective Characteristics and Problem-Solving Beliefs in Mathematics
Authors:   Korean Edu Res Assoc, Ko Hanna , Park Yonghan
Published: January 2025

This study aims to examine the effectiveness of utilizing goal-free problem-posing activities, a learning strategy tool that reduces external cognitive load and enhances flexible thinking and transfer abilities, in elementary mathematics education. This is done by investigating their impact on students’ affective characteristics (interest, attitude, values, motivation, conation, and efficacy) and problem-solving beliefs (process, persistence, and challenge). To achieve this aim, a set of mathematical problem-posing activity sheets were developed and used in math classes. Specifically, three 5th-grade classes were randomly assigned to three groups: a goal-free problem-posing group (n = 22), a goal-given problem-posing group (n = 20), and a control group (n = 20), and they were engaged in 10 sessions focused on the mathematics problem-posing activities. Pre- and post-test scores on affective characteristics and problem-solving beliefs were compared across groups. Key findings indicate that the goal-free problem-posing activities was more effective than the goal-given problem-posing activities in promoting the value, conation, and efficacy associated with mathematics learning. Additionally, the goal-free problem-posing activities positively influenced process-oriented and challenge-related problem-solving beliefs. This study demonstrates that applying a goal-free problem-posing approach in mathematics can positively impact students’ problem-solving methods and attitudes, highlighting its potential as an effective instructional strategy in mathematics education.
A Case Study of Meister High School Graduates’ College-going Trajectories
Authors:   Korean Edu Res Assoc, Ahn Yu Jin , Gong Hee Jung
Published: January 2025

The purpose of this study is to examine the experiences of Meister high school graduates in South Korea who pursued a “work first, then college” policy. To address this objective, a case study design was employed, incorporating in-depth interviews with seven students and two high school teachers, along with document analysis. Iloh’s model of college-going decisions and trajectories, which considers the dimensions of time, information, and opportunity, was used to analyze the entire process of college-going trajectories among Meister high school graduates. The findings indicated that while these graduates initially sought employment, once they secured jobs and became eligible to apply for college, they quickly experienced transition into preparing for college entrance. Furthermore, specific details about college access and choice were predominantly obtained after reaching adulthood, often through unofficial channels. From the perspective of opportunity, despite various motivations, the options available to these students were severely limited. Nonetheless, the study found that Meister high school graduates pursued college education based on their own agency and decision-making rather than merely conforming to societal norms. Based on these findings, the study discusses academic and policy implications related to the “work first, then college” policy as well as the college access and choice of Meister high school graduates.
A Longitudinal Study of Grit, Friendships, and Parental Relationships in Transitional Adolescents: Applying the Autoregressive Cross-Lagged Modeling
Authors:   Korean Edu Res Assoc, Kim Sohee , Kang Yulim
Published: January 2025

This study employed autoregressive cross-lagged modeling (ARCL) to examine the stability and longitudinal predictive relationships among grit, friendships, and parental relationships in adolescents during their transition from middle to high school. Utilizing data from the 3rd, 4th, and 5th waves of the Korean Children and Youth Panel Survey (KCYPS) 2018, the study analyzed autoregressive and cross-lagged effects across 2,094 adolescents. The findings are as follows: First, grit, friendships, and parental relationships exhibited significant autoregressive effects, indicating that these factors at earlier time points significantly influenced the same variables at later time points. Second, the cross-lagged effects between grit and friendships, as well as between friendships and parental relationships, were statistically significant, highlighting the dynamic longitudinal interplay among these variables. However, parental relationships did not significantly predict grit across three time points. These results underscored the importance of supports to foster adolescents’ grit, sustain healthy friendships, and promote positive parental relationships during critical developmental transitions.
Exploring the Trajectory of Job Satisfaction among CTE High School Graduates Employees and Influential Factors
Authors:   Korean Edu Res Assoc, Jeong Saebin , Chung Hyewon
Published: January 2025

The purpose of this study is to examine how the job satisfaction of CTE (career and technical) high school graduates (hereafter referred to as high school graduates) changes over time and to explore the factors that influence the trajectory of job satisfaction. To this end, Korean Education and Employment Panel 2 (KEEP2) data from the third year (2019) to the sixth year (2022) is used to explore the trajectory of job satisfaction and identify the factors affecting this trajectory by applying multilevel growth modeling, which is suitable for identifying changes in job satisfaction during this period. The results of the analysis are as follows. First, job satisfaction among high school graduates did not change over time. Second, the factors that influenced the initial value of job satisfaction were wage, personal advancement potential, benefits, stability, workplace location size, workplace size, work―major congruence level, work skill congruence level, and self-concept. The factor that influenced the rate of change in job satisfaction was personal advancement potential. Third, the study analyzed the trajectory of job satisfaction by school type and found that employees from Meister vocational high schools had a higher initial level of job satisfaction than employees from specialized vocational high schools and maintained a higher level of job satisfaction afterwards. Finally, the implications of this study and directions for future research are discussed.
College of Education Effects: The Impact of Institutional Characteristics and Quality of Major Courses on Future Teachers’ Learning Experiences
Authors:   Korean Edu Res Assoc, Youn Min Jong
Published: January 2025

This study analyzes the impact of the quality of major courses on the learning experiences of future teachers within teacher training institutions. The study includes data from 6,648 students enrolled across 83 national teacher training institutions, analyzed using multilevel regression and quantile regression with residuals. The results indicate that differences in learning experiences across universities account for only 4―6%, and no significant correlation was found among the prestige, location, or size of the institutions and the learning experiences of future teachers. However, the quality of major courses showed a significant relationship with learning experiences; higher quality courses are associated with more active and challenging learning experiences for future teachers. Further analyses revealed that neither prestigious university status nor high teacher training institution evaluation scores guaranteed high-quality major courses. Additionally, the quality of major courses (intellectual stimulation within the course, appropriate teaching methods, and instructor support) in institutions training elementary school teachers was significantly lower compared to those training secondary school teachers. Based on these findings, the paper discusses the need for systematic efforts and institutional measures to improve the quality of major courses within universities, beyond structural reforms of teacher training systems.
Pengaruh Persepsi Atas Media Pembelajaran dan Motivasi Kerja Terhadap Keterampilan Literasi Digital
Authors: Kurniawan Andreas , Sumaryoto Sumaryoto , Syahid Syahid
Published: January 2025

Tujuan yang ingin dicapai dalam penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui 1). Pengaruh persepsi Atas Media Pembelajaran dan motivasi kerja secara bersama-sama terhadap Keterampilan Literasi Digital; 2). Pengaruh persepsi Atas Media Pembelajaran terhadap Keterampilan Literasi Digital; 3). Pengaruh motivasi kerja terhadap Keterampilan Literasi Digital. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan analisis regresi ganda. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada guru SMP Negeri di kota Balikpapan, Kalimantan Timur pada tahun pelajaran 2021/2022. Sampel dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 101 orang guru sebagai sampel penelitian menggunakan teknik simple random sampling dengan regresi linier berganda. Analisa data diolah menggunakan SPSS 26. Instrumen yang digunakan dalam bentuk angket. Berdasarkan hasil hipotesis dan analisa data dapat disimpulkan sebagai berikut : 1). Terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan persepsi atas media pembelajaran dan motivasi kerja terhadap keterampilan literasi digital. 2). Terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan persepsi atas media pembelajaran terhadap keterampilan literasi digital. 3). Terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan motivasi kerja terhadap keterampilan literasi digital.