bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
HL7 Template Model and EN/ISO 13606 Archetype Object Model – A Comparison
Authors: Bointner Karl  , Duftschmid Georg
Published: February 2025

HL7 Templates and EN/ISO 13606 Archetypes are essential components for a semantically interoperable exchange of electronic health record (EHR) data. In this article the underlying models from which Templates and Archetypes are instantiated, namely the HL7 Template Model and the EN/ISO 13606 Archetype Object Model will be compared to identify discrepancies and analogies.
The Clinical Decision Support Consortium
Authors: Middleton Blackford
Published: February 2025

Clinical decision support (CDS) can impact the outcomes of care when used at the point of care in electronic medical records (EMR). CDS has been shown to increase quality and patient safety, improve adherence to guidelines for prevention and treatment, and avoid medication errors. Systematic reviews have shown that CDS can be useful across a variety of clinical purposes and topics. Despite broad national policy objectives to increase EMR adoption in the US, current adoption of advanced clinical decision support is limited due to a variety of reasons, including: limited implementation of EMR, CPOE, PHR, etc., difficulty developing clinical practice guidelines ready for implementation in EMR, lack of standards, absence of a central repository or knowledge resource, poor support for CDS in commercial EMRs, challenges in integrating CDS into the clinical workflow, and limited understanding of organizational and cultural issues relating to clinical decision support. To better understand and overcome these barriers, and accelerate the translation of clinical practice guideline knowledge into CDS in EMRs, the CDS Consortium is established to assess, define, demonstrate, and evaluate best practices for knowledge management and clinical decision support in healthcare information technology at scale – across multiple ambulatory care settings and EHR technology platforms.
Web-Based Resources for Peer Support – Opportunities and Challenges
Authors: Moen Anne  , Smørdal Ole  , Sem Idunn
Published: February 2025

Social software and Web 2.0 provides new opportunities for participation and collaborative knowledge construction in peer support and self-care to live well despite transient or permanent health problems. Opportunities include many to many interactions to share and accumulate knowledge and experiences from several perspectives. We are conducting a study to create a collaborative environment for peer support and knowledge construction related to a rare condition. The study draws from participatory design and agile approach to development; extensively using design workshops and iterative prototyping. Several workshops led to systematize perspectives of different participant groups, and provided feedback about functionalities illustrated in different mock-ups and prototypes. Here we report experiences, and focus on feedback from participants leading to special considerations in design of the web-based environment.
Organizational vs. Technical Variables: Impact on the Collective Aspects of Healthcare Work Situations
Authors: Pelayo Sylvia  , Anceaux Françoise  , Rogalski Janine  , Beuscart-Zephir Marie-Catherine
Published: February 2025

This study addresses the question of the respective impact of organizational vs. technical environment variables on the collective aspects of healthcare work situations. It analyzes the physicians-nurses communications during the medication use process, according to both the organization of their work and their technical environment. It demonstrates that the organizational variables have a larger impact than the technical environment on the communications and cooperation activities.
Relevance of Google-Customized Search Engine vs. CISMeF Quality-Controlled Health Gateway
Authors: Gehanno Jean-François  , Kerdelhue Gaétan  , Sakji Saoussen  , Massari Philippe  , Joubert Michel  , Darmoni Stéfan J.
Published: February 2025

CISMeF (acronym for Catalog and Index of French Language Health Resources on the Internet) is a quality-controlled health gateway conceived to catalog and index the most important and quality-controlled sources of institutional health information in French. The goal of this study is to compare the relevance of results provided by this gateway from a small set of documents selected and described by human experts to those provided by a search engine from a large set of automatically indexed and ranked resources. The Google-Customized search engine (CSE) was used. The evaluation was made using the 10th first results of 15 queries and two blinded physician evaluators. There was no significant difference between the relevance of information retrieval in CISMeF and Google CSE. In conclusion, automatic indexing does not lead to lower relevance than a manual MeSH indexing and may help to cope with the increasing number of references to be indexed in a controlled health quality gateway.
Development and Evaluation of a Patient Information Website for Childhood Cancer Survivors
Authors: Knijnenburg Sebastiaan L.  , Kremer Leontien C.  , Versluys A. Birgitta  , Van Der Beek Jaldert R.J.  , Jaspers Monique W.M.
Published: February 2025

Usability evaluation is an essential step in health care system development, including patient information websites. In this study we compared the think aloud method (TA) and the heuristic evaluation (HE) in a case study on the development of a website for childhood cancer survivors. Both methods managed to uncover all major problems with the website, though additionally HE found cosmetic issues and the TA found problems with website content. These findings contradict earlier studies but may be explained by the inclusion of two double experts in our study, presumably enabling them to take on the role of ‘a patient’ in testing the website. We nevertheless recommend the use of both methods if adequate funding and expertise are available; otherwise when HE usability evaluators are not familiar with the system domain, a work-domain expert could assist them in tackling domain-specific problems.
Clinical and Statistical Evaluation of 1st Automatic: A Pilot Study
Authors: Andersen Anne Thilde  , Nielsen Nikolaj Børty  , Trudslev Michael  , Bakhshaie Behamin  , Pedersen Shona  , Hejlesen Ole
Published: February 2025

Arterial blood gas analyses provide information about the patient's oxygenation, ventilation, and perfusion. Studies have shown that most errors occur during the pre-analytical phase (the processes prior to the actual analysis of the sample). 1st Automatic is an extra module to the existing blood gas analyzer and a partial automation of the pre-analytical phase which is designed to reduce these errors. The objective was to investigate whether 1st Automatic is compatible to the conventional method. Quantitative measurements of pH, pCO2, pO2, Na+, K+, Ca2+, cGlu, cLac and tHb were performed on 21 paired whole blood specimens collected into the standard blood gas syringes and safePICO syringes, both designed for the ABL800 FLEX. During the collection the pre-analytical errors were minimised. No clinically significant differences were observed in the nine blood gas parameters. The differences were statistically insignificant, with the exception of cNa+, cCa2+ and tHb. There was a good consistency between the results using the new automated procedure and the conventional method. It was not possible to show any clinically significant difference between the two procedures.
Representing Sensor Data Using the HL7 CDA Personal Healthcare Monitoring Report Draft
Authors: Wolf Klaus-Hendrik  , Schirmer Stephan  , Marschollek Michael  , Haux Reinhold
Published: February 2025

The recently published implementation guide for personal healthcare monitoring report (PHMR) defines a new format to represent measurements. The aim of the presented prototypical implementation is to check the ability of the defined format to represent health-related sensor data using a commercially available multi-sensor-device's measurements. An extensible stylesheet language (XSL) stylesheet has been developed to transform measured data from the multi-sensor device to a valid PHMR document. The resulting documents are validated and evaluated using standard tools for processing extensible markup language (XML) documents. While there are multiple ways to represent data gathered by multi-sensor devices in standard compliant CDA documents, the PHMR defines constraints based on the implementation guide for continuity of care documents (CCD) to support the development of new templates for sensor data and to minimize the variation between different implementations to enhance semantic interoperability. The PHMR implementation guide helps to define interoperable CDA conforming documents encoding data of health related sensors. In some parts the guide should be more restrictive to improve real-life interoperability.
Human Factors Methods to Support the Experts' Review of Automatically Detected Adverse Drug Events
Authors: Leroy Nicolas  , Bjørn Brian  , Baceanu Adrian  , Beuscart-Zephir Marie-Catherine
Published: February 2025

The European project Patient Safety through Intelligent Procedures in Medication (PSIP) aims at semi-automatically identifying and preventing Adverse Drug Events (ADEs). Data mining of the structured hospital data bases provides a list of potential ADEs, along with their frequencies and probabilities. Once a set of ADEs has been detected by data mining techniques, it is necessary to have them validated by human experts. This paper presents the methods used to support the review by clinicians and pharmacologists of these automatically detected ADEs. We use think-aloud methods and portable labs to track and record the experts reasoning and their reviewing cognitive procedures. We present preliminary results obtained with this method, which allows identifying the key data and information used to characterize the ADEs.
Feasibility Study of a Web Application for Self-Report of Anticancer Treatment Toxicities
Authors: Della Mea Vincenzo  , De Momi Ivan  , Aprile Giuseppe  , Puglisi Fabio  , Menis Jessica  , Casetta Anica  , Bolzonello Silvia  , Fasola Gianpiero
Published: February 2025

Collection of collateral effects related to toxicities suffered by patients being exposed to anticancer treatments is of crucial importance in clinical practice but also in oncological research. The present paper describes a web application called PaTOS for self-report of anticancer therapy toxicities, and its evaluation in a preliminary interface analysis and then in a feasibility study.
Comparison of Bayesian Network and Decision Tree Methods for Predicting Access to the Renal Transplant Waiting List
Authors: Bayat Sahar  , Cuggia Marc  , Rossille Delphine  , Kessler Michèle  , Frimat Luc
Published: February 2025

The study compares the effectiveness of Bayesian networks versus Decision Trees for predicting access to renal transplant waiting list in a French healthcare network. The data set consisted in 809 patients starting renal replacement therapy. The data were randomly divided into a training set (90%) and a validation set (10%). Bayesian network and CART decision tree were built on the training set. Their predictive performances were compared on the validation set. The age variable was found to be the most important factor in both models. Both models were highly sensitive and specific: sensitivity 90.0% (95%CI: 76.8–100), specificity 96.7% (95%CI: 92.2–100). Moreover, the models were complementary since the Bayesian network provided a global view of the variables' associations while the decision tree was more easily interpretable by physicians. These approaches provide insights on the current care process. This knowledge could be used for optimizing the healthcare process.
Computerizing Clinical Pathways: Ontology-Based Modeling and Execution
Authors: Daniyal Ali  , Abidi Samina Raza  , Abidi Syed Sibte Raza
Published: February 2025

Clinical Pathways (CP) stipulate an evidence-based patient care workflow for a specific disease within a localized setting. We present an ontology-based approach for computerizing CP so that they can be executed at the point-of-care. We present our CP modeling approach that features the integration of multiple localized CP to realize a unified disease-specific CP. The execution of the ontological CP model is achieved by our property abstraction method that assigns functional behaviors to existing semantic properties to facilitate their execution. Using our methods we have developed a prostate cancer management system.
The Role of a Nation-Wide Information System in Improving the Access to Surgery in Portugal
Authors: Gomes Pedro  , Lapão Luís Velez
Published: February 2025

This paper describes the design and definitions of an information system (SIGLIC) to support a new integrated management program (SIGA) to improve the access to surgery in Portugal. SIGIC, the Ministry of Health's agency responsible for access to surgery management, started re-thinking the system in 2005 by re-defining key processes and workflows. The designed information system SIGLIC integrates all hospitals with surgery with every other hospital, where it picks the data to help manage optimal solutions for each patient. The results since 2005 are very interesting and show the importance of an integrated information system to overcome the bureaucracy in the system: it was noticed a 50% improvement in scheduled surgical episodes and a 49% reduction in waiting time.
Authentication and Encryption in the Snow Disease Surveillance Network
Authors: Bellika Johan Gustav  , Ilebrekke Lars  , Bakkevoll Per Atle  , Johansen Håvard  , Scholl Jeremiah  , Johansen Monika Alise
Published: February 2025

The paper presents how authentication and encryption is implemented in the Snow disease surveillance network. Requirements for the authentication mechanism were collected from General Practitioners (GPs). The identity of each Snow user is preserved across health institutions allowing GPs to move freely between health institutions and use the system independent of location. This ability is combined with close to zero user account administration within the participating institutions. The system provides global user certificate revocation and end-to-end encryption.
Cadiag-2 and Fuzzy Probability Logics
Authors: Rusnok Pavel  , Vetterlein Thomas  , Adlassnig Klaus-Peter
Published: February 2025

We briefly describe the medical expert system Cadiag-2, developed to support the differential diagnostic process in internal medicine. We propose a propositional logic called fuzzy probability logic as a possible formalization of Cadiag-2 and indicate the way of transferring Cadiag-2's methodology into this framework.
Novice Nurse Information Needs in Paper and Hybrid Electronic-Paper Environments: A Qualitative Analysis
Authors: Borycki Elizabeth M.  , Lemieux-Charles Louise  , Nagle Lynn  , Eysenbach Gunther
Published: February 2025

A within group, laboratory, experimental study of nurse information seeking was conducted. As a part of the study, 35 novice nurses assessed and planned the care of two patients in two simulation environments: a paper (PR) environment and a hybrid (HY) environment [i.e., part of the environment was made available in electronic form via an electronic patient record (EPR) and part of it was paper-based]. Subjects were asked to “think aloud” in each environment and participated in a cued recall session following participation in the simulations. Subjects' verbalizations and actions were audio and video recorded and then transcribed. In the first phase of the study audio and video data were qualitatively coded using Model Based Coding with concepts from Newcomer Information Seeking Theory (NIST). This paper presents the qualitative results of this study with a focus upon the types of information used by novice nurses during the assessment and planning of patient care. Qualitative findings revealed novice nurses used referent, relational and appraisal information (as predicted by NIST theory and research) including information composed of more than one type of information (e.g., referent-relational). Two new types of information emerged from the qualitative data – situational task and situational organization information.
Towards the Integration of Medical Informatics Education for Clinicians into the Medical Curriculum
Authors: Lungeanu Diana  , Tractenberg Rochelle E.  , Bersan Otilia S.  , Mihalas George I.
Published: February 2025

In the context of an existing first year, one-semester mandatory course of medical informatics (MI) for medical students, we tested an interactive teaching approach in parallel with the traditional academic program. After six semesters (at the beginning of the clinical stage) we collected feedback from the former students in the two parallel programs (with anonymous questionnaires comprising both subjectively-rated items and open-ended questions). We conclude that an introductory course on information and communication technology and information skills can be useful at the beginning of the medical curriculum, while an interactive, problem-based-learning-type MI course should be included during the clinical stage. Early development of these skills, and their use/utility across the curriculum, are important aspects of integrating MI education into clinical training.
A Transformation in Health Sciences Education: A Description of Health Sciences Online
Authors: Frank Erica  , Nimalasuriya Kshamica  , Tairyan Kate  , Grajales III Francisco J.  , Segura Carolina  , Wruck Michelle
Published: February 2025

In this article, we describe what we expect will be a substantive transformation in health sciences education: Health Sciences Online (www.hso.info). HSO is the first website that delivers authoritative, comprehensive, free, and ad-free health sciences knowledge. It is a portal to the best health sciences knowledge, and the foundation of what we expect to be the most accessible, high-quality health sciences university. This article describes the site and the resources currently available through HSO, and our plans for further development of this resource.
Towards an approach for evolving information systems' ontologies
Authors: Hamdani Hanêne  , Mhiri Mohamed  , Gargouri Faiez
Published: February 2025

Information system's ontology is not frozen: it must evolve in the course of its life cycle to keep its consistency and its coherence in dynamic and multi-disciplinary domains. However, any change to be taken care at the level of Information System (IS) design ontology is a wonderful source of new structural and semantic disconnectedness, which must be perfected to keep the ontology operational and consistent.
Formal Specification and Analysis of Firewalls
Authors: Mejri M.  , Adi K.  , Fujita H.
Published: February 2025

A firewall is one of the major security tools available for protecting computer domains. Today, almost all companies have at least one firewall to filter incoming and outgoing traffic according to some requirements called security policy. The configuration of firewalls is however complex and error prone. During the last years, many techniques and tools have been proposed to analyze firewalls. However, most of existing worksare informaland the formalfoundationof firewall is still a missing part. The goal of this paper is to present an overview of the most important problems related to the firewall configuration and analysis. Also, it proposes a formal language for the specification and the verification of firewalls.
Medical Applications of Nanoparticles and Nanomaterials
Authors: Burgess Rob
Published: February 2025

Current clinical diagnostics and therapeutics platforms are often limited by borderline sensitivity or efficacy levels. These limitations result from low or minimal specificity for the intended target cell or organ, span a multitude of physiological disorders and result in nominal success rates for diagnosis or treatment in many cases. Diagnosis and treatment of diseases such as cancer or viral infections require next generation medical methods. Nanotechnology has the potential to significantly address diagnostics and therapeutics sensitivity and resulting unwanted side effects by providing extremely precise reagents and tools that allow for unparalleled detection and treatment at the clinical level. This is accomplished through extremely controlled nanofabrication methodologies which result in the generation of molecularly defined nanoscale materials and devices that harbor known physical properties unique to each material in question and useful for particular medical applications. The further precise targeting of these materials to specific sites within the body allows for an added layer of accuracy and potency. Research in this area is quickly advancing to the point of providing a comprehensive portfolio of nanotechnology-based diagnostic and therapeutic platforms that will be unparalleled in sensitivity, specificity and elimination of unwanted side effects.
The influence of noise on the dynamics of Random Boolean Network
Authors: Barbieri A.  , Villani M.  , Serra R.  , Kauffman S.A.  , Colacci A.
Published: February 2025

Since real networks are noisy systems, in this work we investigate the dynamics of a deterministic model of gene networks affected by small random fluctuations. In this case jumps among different attractors are possible, thereby leading to an asymptotic dynamics different from that of the underlying deterministic model. The significance of the jumps among attractors is discussed. A key control parameter of this phenomenon is the size of the network, a fact that could lead to interesting consequences for the theories of natural and artificial evolving systems.
Privacy, Security and Access with Sensitive Health Information
Authors: Croll Peter
Published: February 2025

This chapter gives an educational overview of:
Medico Legal Issues
Authors: Mackenzie Geraldine  , Carter Hugh
Published: February 2025

This chapter gives an educational overview of:
Evidence Based Health Informatics
Authors: Ammenwerth Elske
Published: February 2025

This chapter gives an educational overview of:
Clinical Health Informatics Education for a 21
Authors: Liaw Siaw Teng  , Gray Kathleen
Published: February 2025

This chapter gives an educational overview of:
Adoption of Semantic Web Technologies for Developing Medical Software Systems and Services
Authors: Podgorelec Vili  , Grašič Boštjan
Published: February 2025

In order to optimize working processes of medical and healthcare organizations, the most recent trends in software development suggest the use of distributed, autonomous software services combined into specific information system, where various users can access the information they need in an easy and straight-forward manner. Semantic web technologies are state-of-the-art approach that should fulfill these requirements, but they are not a silver bullet. Therefore, in this paper we present some results of our endeavors in adopting SWT for medical software and services. First, SWT are incorporated with SOA principles and semantic web services execution ontology is defined, then the system architecture for automated execution of SWS in accordance with SWSEO is designed, and finally the improved SWT based system architecture is presented for developing unified medical software system and services.
Reconfigurability, new materials: future challenges for antenna design and simulation
Authors: Skrivervik Anja K.  , Perruisseau-Carrier Julien  , Bongard Frédéric  , Mosig Juan R.
Published: February 2025

Re-configurability is one of the key features in modern wireless communications. Indeed, the increase of services provided imply an optimized management of the electromagnetic spectrum, along with strong miniaturization in order to allow for the cohabitation of all these services on small handheld devices. Reconfigurable antennas are one possible answer to these challenges. In this paper, we will present designs of reconfigurable antennas and feeding networks using recent technologies, namely MEMS (Micro Electro Mechanical Systems) and Metamaterials.
Interface behaviours from large diameter ring shear tests
Authors: Airey D.W.  , Kelly R.B.
Published: February 2025

A series of constant load (CNL) and constant stiffness (CNS) interface tests have been performed using sand in a large 1m diameter ring shear apparatus. CNS tests were performed using silica and carbonate sands to explore effects that volume changes have on the stresses developed on rough and smooth interfaces. Volume changes are shown to be partly caused by grain crushing, which also affects the interface friction angle. Volume changes due to grain crushing can be correlated with work done on the interface. Cyclic tests were performed and show that volume changes are dependent on the cyclic displacement amplitude. These results indicate that friction fatigue is more likely to be observed in dense fine grained sands.
Particle size effects on interface shear behavior and geomembrane wear
Authors: Fuggle A.R.  , Frost J.D.
Published: February 2025

Composite systems comprised of particulate and continuum materials in contact at an interface are frequently encountered in geotechnical engineering. An understanding of the shear behavior occurring at this interface is of considerable importance as it governs the behavior of the entire composite system. Previous research in this area has focused on the behavior involving uniformly sized particulate materials. This is despite the fact that particulate mixtures comprised of differing particle sizes and shapes are most frequently encountered in practice. There is a need for a framework whereby the macroscale response of soil mixtures in contact with an interface can be quantitatively predicted from knowledge of the particulate and interface properties. Such a framework would prove useful in selecting the optimal materials for the design of engineered soils and interfaces. This research explores the case of binary mixtures of quartz sands in contact with smooth geomembrane surfaces. Index properties of the binary sand mixtures have been determined for different particle size ratio combinations. The particle size ratio of the binary mixtures ranges from 2.1 to 6.1 and the size of the particles ranges from 0.13mm to 0.78mm. A series of interface shear tests were conducted to determine the macroscale interface shear behavior and resulting geomembrane wear. The effects of mean particle size and particle size ratio were investigated. Changes to the surface topography of the counterface material are quantified using stylus profilometry and related to the characteristics of the sand mixtures.
Multi-Scale Change Detection Based on Fractal Analysis
Authors: Lillo-Saavedra Mario  , Gonzalo Consuelo
Published: February 2025

The aim of this work is to propose the base-line of a new approach for change detection, based on local fractal dimension analysis. The box counting algorithm has been used for generating local fractal dimension maps of the images registered at different date to be compared. From these maps the percentage of the spectral and texturale changes between the images analyzed has been obtained. From results obtained is has been proved that this methodology is capable to detect changes in different scales depending the windows sizes using to determine the fractal maps. That implies that it is posible to define the scale of the change that will be detected.
Photointerpretation at the Production of the New Hellenic LPIS
Authors: Varras Gregory  , Alexopoulou Athanasia  , Papanikolaou Theofania  , Kalogrias Anastasios  , Petropoulos N.  , Tsirogiannis I.
Published: February 2025

According to the regulations of the EU, each member state is obliged to develop and update a Land Parcel Identification System so as to control and analyze the Farmers Single Aid Payment Scheme. With respect to the EU Technical Specs, the Hellenic territory mainly occupied by Agricultural Land Uses should be photointerpretated, classified and digitized into several Land Uses. The development of LPIS is based on the implementation of photo interpretation rules on VHR satellite images and the support of further relative feature classes and a wide terrestrial control network.
Relative material loss: a maintenance inspection methodology for approximating material loss on in-service marine structures
Authors: Ernsting Robert A.  , Mazzuchi Thomas A.  , Sarkani Shahram
Published: February 2025

This paper describes a new maintenance inspection methodology called relative material loss (RML) used for approximating the material loss contribution on each plate side separating two or more dissimilar marine environments. The new methodology leverages actual “at sea” environmental and operational conditions by defining relationships between the dissimilar environments and solving for the material loss on each plate side. The RML theory and a case study using a sixty five year old in-service structure; a dry dock caisson gate is presented.
X-Ray-Based Medical Imaging: X-Ray Projection Technique, Image Subtraction Method, Direct Digital X-Ray Imaging, Computed Tomography (CT)
Authors: Niederer Peter F.
Published: February 2025

X-ray projection imaging, introduced in the early 20thcentury, was for a long time the only and still is a major routine diagnostic procedure that can be performed on the intact human body. With the advent of Computed Tomography in 1973, for the first time, a true 3D imaging of anatomical structures became feasible. Besides, digital recording and processing allowed further developments such as subtraction angiography in real-time or direct x-ray imaging without wet photographic methods.
Basic Functional Electrical Stimulation (FES) of Extremites – an Engineer's View
Authors: Bajd Tadej  , Munih Marko
Published: February 2025

The historical development of electrical stimulators producing contraction of paralyzed muscles is briefly presented. The influence of electrical stimulation parameters (amplitude of pulses, frequency, pulse duration, and duration of a pulse train) is explained. Special attention is paid to the description of the muscle recruitment curve. The phenomenon of reversed recruitment order, resulting in fatiguing of electrically stimulated muscle, is presented. The properties of surface electrodes (electrode size, polarity, resistance, and distance between electrodes) are examined. The use of surface electrodes made of metal plate or wire mesh, silicone impregnated with rubber, and conductive adhesive gel are discussed. The design of electrical stimulator circuits is also presented.
Biomechanics of Implants
Authors: Hazenberg Jan G.  , Schmid Johannes  , Lee T. Clive  , Verkerke Gijsbertus J.
Published: February 2025

For simple constructions a mechanical analysis to determine internal stresses and deformation is possible using theoretical formulas. However, for complex constructions, like joint prostheses, this is not possible. Numerical simulation of internal stresses and deformations offers a solution for these constructions. The so-called Finite Element Analysis divides the complex structure in simple ones (elements), applies the mechanical formulas and adds the effect on each element to predict the behaviour of the complex contruction.
Seeking care as a system
Authors: Berwick Donald M.  , Luo Eva
Published: February 2025

Kim, aged 3 years, lies asleep, waiting for a miracle. Outside her room, the nurses on the night shift pad softly through the half-lighted corridors, stopping to count breaths, take pulses, or check the intravenous pumps. In the morning, Kim will have her heart fixed. She will be medicated and wheeled into the operating suite. Machines will take on the functions of her body: breathing and circulating blood. The surgeons will place a small patch over a hole within her heart, closing off a shunt between her ventricles that would, if left open, slowly kill her.
Low Cost Hyperbolic Airport Surveillance System
Authors: Donciu Bogdan  , Pleter Octavian Thor  , Galetuse Stelian
Published: February 2025

As multilateration systems have proved to be reliable and cost efficient alternatives to radar tracking, the authors attempted to design a multilateration surveillance solution for Aurel Vlaicu International Airport Bucharest, capable of accurate tracking of both aircraft and ground vehicles. Although the airport is not large, the number of ground vehicles is significant, and in order to be received by a classic multilateration receiver network, they need to be fitted with Mode S transponders. Also, the receiver network requires rather expensive digital clocks, for an adequate measurement of phase. In the stage of value engineering of the project, the authors managed to change significantly the system, as to become a truly low cost one. The idea keeps the hyperbolic positioning method, but based on frequency drift (similar to radar altimeter technology), and not on phase, as in a classic multilateration system. The ground vehicles require an inexpensive low-power transceiver, which is active regardless of the status of the vehicle: in use, turned off, parked etc. This feature (provided by an autonomous battery) is useful as a safety net against the risk of vehicle driver error or misconduct. Whereas pilots are generally trained and reliable, vehicle drivers need a tracking system out of their possibility of intervention. As for the position of the aircraft, the authors propose the use of an inexpensive ADS/B receiver. For the moment, this technology is not yet mature (some aircraft are not fitted with ADS/B, some are transmitting the position taken from the IRS as the only source, indicating inaccurate positions). In the future though, one can expect consistent progress of ADS/B technology, thus improving the practical value of this system. The system provides a simulated radar image on any PC, being easily accessible not only to the TWR and GND air traffic services, but also to the airport management, airport service providers, airport security, operators and other authorized parties. The authors trust that a low cost hyperbolic airport surveillance system could be an interesting alternative for many not so large airports, with occurrences of low visibility, with a modest investment budget.
Control Space Analysis of Continuous Descent Operations at Amsterdam Airport Schiphol
Authors: de Jong P.M.A.  , in't Veld A.C.  , de Leege A.M.P.  , van Paassen M.M.  , Mulder M.
Published: February 2025

Amsterdam Schiphol Airport uses Continuous Descent Approaches during night time operations only, due to reduced runway capacity caused by unpredictable individual aircraft behavior. The Three-Degree Decelerating Approach (TDDA) has been developed to increase predictability and runway capacity by switching the separation task from Air Traffic Control to the pilot on board the aircraft. The research described in this paper identifies the factors that influence the control space of aircraft performing a TDDA in a real-life application. Control space is defined as the difference between the maximum and minimum duration to perform the TDDA. Using different control strategies, a fast approach or slow approach can be flown. A fast-time simulation tool was built to perform simulations with different aircraft types, initial weights, wind speeds and directions. The simulations show that the influence of wind direction depends on aircraft aerodynamic characteristics, which in turn depend on the drag characteristics of the aircraft and aircraft weight. Furthermore, the results can be used to determine whether a TDDA can be executed using different aircraft, different route properties and under different wind conditions.
Understanding the Psychological Motives Behind Microblogging
Authors: Qiu Lin  , Leung Angela K-y.  , Ho Jun Hao  , Yeung Qi Min  , Francis Kevin Joseph  , Chua Pei Fen
Published: February 2025

This research aims to understand the psychological motives behind microblogging. We conducted two studies to investigate if social exclusion and existential anxiety would lead to a high tendency to microblog. Our results show that participants did not use microblogging to satisfy their needs for social connection and affiliation, but highly extraverted participants did use it to relieve their existential anxiety.
SNSs Usage among Chinese Internet Users: An Empirical Study
Authors: Shi Junqi  , Niu Qikun
Published: February 2025

Renren and Kaixin, which are Chinese versions of “Facebook”, are the main Social Network Sites (SNSs) in China. Although many researchers have been exploring SNSs usage and have gained rich results, there are limited studies for the understanding of SNSs usage in China. In this present study, with 777 Chinese participants, we test variables influencing Chinese SNSs usage based on the technology acceptance model (TAM). Using structural equation modeling techniques, the empirical results confirm that the perceived ease of use significantly determines the perceived usefulness, which in turn influences SNSs use intensity. Meanwhile, the Internet self-efficacy could affect perceived ease of use and further determine SNSs use intensity indirectly. Overall, our results could be used to describe and predict SNSs usage among Chinese Internet users.
Teaching Tactical Combat Casualty Care Using the TC3 Sim Game-based Simulation: A Study to Measure Training Effectiveness
Authors: Sotomayor Teresita M.
Published: February 2025

The effectiveness of games as instructional tools has been debated over the past several decades. This is due to the lack of empirical data to support such claims. The US ARMY developed a game-based simulation to support Tactical Combat Casualty Care (TCCC) Training. The TC3 Game based Simulation is a first person game that allows a Soldier to play the role of a combat medic during an infantry squad mission in an urban environment. This research documents results from a training effectiveness evaluation conducted at the Department of Combat Medic Training (Ft Sam Houston) in an effort to explore the capability of the game based simulation as a potential tool to support the TCCC program of instruction. Reaction to training, as well as, acquisition of knowledge and transfer of skills were explored using Kirkpatrick's Model of Training Effectiveness Evaluation. Results from the evaluation are discussed.
Psychophysiological Indicators of Acute Stress Disorder
Authors: Kozarić-Kovačić Dragica  , Jambrošić sakoman Andrea  , Jovanovic Tanja  , Milas Goran
Published: February 2025

Aim: The aim of the current study was to compare basal psychophysiology and startle reflexes in acute stress disorder (ASD) patients and controls. Stress reactions to traumatic event include acute and chronic reactions like ASD and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). They are characterized by prominent psychophysiological symptoms that can give insight into the pathogenesis of PTSD. Methods: We measured heart-rate (HR), respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA), electrodermal activity (EDA) and electromyography (EMG) of musculus orbicularis occuli during an acclimation period and during the presentation of startle stimuli in 29 ASD patients with different traumatic experiences and in 33 healthy controls. Results: ASD subjects had similar habituation to the startle probe as healthy controls. EDA for individuals with ASD after traffic accident was higher then for healthy controls. There were no differences for heart-rate in two compared groups. Conclusion: EDA appears to offer the most reliable psychophysiological indices in the ASD following traffic accident.
Interreality in the Management of Psychological Stress: a Clinical Scenario
Authors: Riva Giuseppe  , Raspelli Simona  , Pallavicini Federica  , Grassi Alessandra  , Algeri Davide  , Wiederhold Brenda K.  , Gaggioli Andrea
Published: February 2025

The term “psychological stress” describes a situation in which a subject perceives that environmental demands tax or exceed his or her adaptive capacity. According to the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, the best validated approach covering both stress management and stress treatment is the Cognitive Behavioral (CBT) approach. We aim to design, develop and test an advanced ICT based solution for the assessment and treatment of psychological stress that is able to improve the actual CBT approach. To reach this goal we will use the “interreality” paradigm integrating assessment and treatment within a hybrid environment, that creates a bridge between the physical and virtual worlds. Our claim is that bridging virtual experiences (fully controlled by the therapist, used to learn coping skills and emotional regulation) with real experiences (allowing both the identification of any critical stressors and the assessment of what has been learned) using advanced technologies (virtual worlds, advanced sensors and PDA/mobile phones) is the best way to address the above limitations. To illustrate the proposed concept, a clinical scenario is also presented and discussed: Paola, a 45 years old nurse, with a mother affected by progressive senile dementia.
ResearchEHR: Use of semantic web technologies and archetypes for the description of EHRs
Authors: Robles Montserrat  , Fernández-Breis Jesualdo Tomás  , Maldonado Jose A.  , Moner David  , Martínez-Costa Catalina  , Bosca Diego  , Menárguez-Tortosa Marcos
Published: February 2025

In this paper, we present the ResearchEHR project. It focuses on the usability of Electronic Health Record (EHR) sources and EHR standards for building advanced clinical systems. The aim is to support healthcare professional, institutions and authorities by providing a set of generic methods and tools for the capture, standardization, integration, description and dissemination of health related information. ResearchEHR combines several tools to manage EHR at two different levels. The internal level that deals with the normalization and semantic upgrading of exiting EHR by using archetypes and the external level that uses Semantic Web technologies to specify clinical archetypes for advanced EHR architectures and systems.
A Context-Aware Approach to Process-based PHR System Security
Authors: Mytilinaiou Eleni  , Koufi Vassiliki  , Malamateniou Flora  , Vassilacopoulos George
Published: February 2025

Healthcare delivery is a highly complex process involving a broad range of healthcare services, typically performed by a number of geographically distributed and organizationally disparate healthcare providers requiring increased collaboration and coordination of their activities in order to provide shared and integrated care. Under an IT-enabled, patient-centric model, health systems can integrate care delivery across the continuum of services, from prevention to follow-up, and also coordinate care across all settings. In particular, much potential can be realized if cooperation among disparate healthcare organizations is expressed in terms of cross-organizational healthcare processes, where information support is provided by means of PHR systems. This paper assumes a process-oriented PHR system and presents a security framework that addresses the authorization and access control issues arisen in these systems. The proposed framework ensures provision of tight, just-in-time permissions so that authorized users get access to specific objects according to the current context. These permissions are subject to continuous adjustments triggered by the changing context. Thus, the risk of compromising information integrity during task executions is reduced.
Metaboli-Net: Online Groupware System Providing Counseling Guidance for Patients with Metabolic Syndrome
Authors: Kuwata Shigeki  , Taniguchi Shin-ichi  , Kato Atsuko  , Inoue Kazuoki  , Yamamoto Naoya  , Ohkura Tsuyoshi  , Teramoto Kei  , Shigemasa Chiaki  , Kondoh Hiroshi
Published: February 2025

This study presented a newly developed online groupware system, Metaboli-Net, to yield counseling guidance on diet and exercise to patients with metabolic syndrome. A distinctive feature adopted in the system to maintain the retention rate of patients was the social network service (SNS) that enables the patients to share their dietary and relevant health information with other participants in the same group on the network. A pilot study was conducted to prove the effectiveness of the system in improving the patient's lifestyle and dietary health awareness. SNS also contributed to the participant's adherence to intervention programs.
How to dwell in an EHR. The question concerning architecture EHR
Authors: Botin Lars
Published: February 2025

The article deals with architecture and EHRs on a conceptual and philosophical level. Architecture is seen as the essential human expression of being, exemplified through the thoughts and writings of the German architect Gottfried Semper, the American architect Philip Johnson and the German philosopher Martin Heidegger. It is the assumption of the article that the current versions of EHR architectures are the result of a technical and systemic perspective on architecture, as opposed to the thoughts of Semper, Johnson and Heidegger. The article has a value-based and phronetic approach to the topic field, and claims that construction of EHRs should be a matter of concern, and not, as it is for now, a matter of fact.
Pilot Users in Agile Development Processes: Motivational factors
Authors: Johannessen Liv Karen  , Gammon Deede
Published: February 2025

Despite a wealth of research on user participation, few studies offer insights into how to involve multi-organizational users in agile development methods. This paper is a case study of user involvement in developing a system for electronic laboratory requisitions using agile methodologies in a multi-organizational context. Building on an interpretive approach, we illuminate questions such as: How does collaboration between users and developers evolve and how might it be improved? What key motivational aspects are at play when users volunteer and continue contributing in the face of considerable added burdens? The study highlights how agile methods in themselves appear to facilitate mutually motivating collaboration between user groups and developers. Lessons learned for leveraging the advantages of agile development processes include acknowledging the substantial and ongoing contributions of users and their roles as co-designers of the system.
Patients and professionals in collaborative testing of a web-based tool for integrated care: an evaluation study
Authors: Bjerkan Jorunn  , Alonso Albert
Published: February 2025

Since 2001, patients in Norway with long-term, complex needs for care have had a legal right to an “individual care plan”, intended to increase efficiency and quality in health and social services, as well as patient involvement. Commonly, a responsible group is established to manage the planning process. A web-based application was developed and tested for three years in groups including both patients and professionals. Data were collected through questionnaires, interviews, project documentation and field notes. The findings showed that iterative testing improved usability. Participants expressed confidence in the online access and their enhanced control of planning and documentation. Testing in real-life environments added valuable and unforeseen information. It also showed that technical and organizational aspects influenced each other, and should not be considered separately. Despite the successful testing and improvement of the application, some participants and groups did not feel comfortable using it. Further research will be undertaken to address barriers to participation.
2D/3D Registration of Pre-Operative MRI Models with a Single Radiographic Image: Feasibility Study
Authors: Chevrefils C.  , Duong L.  , Cheriet F.  , Parent S.  , Aubin C.E.
Published: February 2025

Preoperative 3D models used in surgical navigation bring complementary information on structures of interest during surgery. Such models can be reconstructed pre-operatively using different imaging modalities (CT, MRI, radiographs) that differ from that available intra-operatively (radiographs or video). Registration of pre-operative 3D models with 2D intra-operative images is challenging due to the spine shape variation of different patient positioning between the image acquisitions. As a first attempt to address this technological problem, the objective is to propose a 2D/3D registration technique based on a 3D MRI model and only one per-operative calibrated radiograph.