bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Multi-omics analyses and machine learning prediction of oviductal responses in the presence of gametes and embryos
Authors: Finnerty Ryan M , Carulli Daniel J , Hegde Akshata , Wang Yanli , Baodu Frimpong , Winuthayanon Sarayut , Cheng Jianlin , Winuthayanon Wipawee
Published: October 2024

The oviduct is the site of fertilization and preimplantation embryo development in mammals. Evidence suggests that gametes alter oviductal gene expression. To delineate the adaptive interactions between the oviduct and gamete/embryo, we performed a multi-omics characterization of oviductal tissues utilizing bulk RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq), single-cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq), and proteomics collected from distal and proximal at various stages after mating in mice. We observed robust region-specific transcriptional signatures. Specifically, the presence of sperm induces genes involved in pro-inflammatory responses in the proximal region at 0.5 days post-coitus (dpc). Genes involved in inflammatory responses were produced specifically by secretory epithelial cells in the oviduct. At 1.5 and 2.5 dpc, genes involved in pyruvate and glycolysis were enriched in the proximal region, potentially providing metabolic support for developing embryos. Abundant proteins in the oviductal fluid were differentially observed between naturally fertilized and superovulated samples. RNA-seq data were used to identify transcription factors predicted to influence protein abundance in the proteomic data via a novel machine learning model based on transformers of integrating transcriptomics and proteomics data. The transformers identified influential transcription factors and correlated predictive protein expressions in alignment with the
in vivo
-derived data. In conclusion, our multi-omics characterization and subsequent
in vivo
confirmation of proteins/RNAs indicate that the oviduct is adaptive and responsive to the presence of sperm and embryos in a spatiotemporal manner.
The membrane domains of mammalian adenylyl cyclases are lipid receptors
Authors: Landau Marius , Elsabbagh Sherif , Gross Harald , Fuchs Adrian CD , Schultz Anita CF , Schultz Joachim E
Published: October 2024

The biosynthesis of cyclic 3′,5′-adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) by mammalian membrane-bound adenylyl cyclases (mACs) is predominantly regulated by G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). Up to now the two hexahelical transmembrane domains of mACs were considered to fix the enzyme to membranes. Here, we show that the transmembrane domains serve in addition as signal receptors and transmitters of lipid signals that control Gsα-stimulated mAC activities. We identify aliphatic fatty acids and anandamide as receptor ligands of mAC isoforms 1–7 and 9. The ligands enhance (mAC isoforms 2, 3, 7, and 9) or attenuate (isoforms 1, 4, 5, and 6) Gsα-stimulated mAC activities in vitro and in vivo. Substitution of the stimulatory membrane receptor of mAC3 by the inhibitory receptor of mAC5 results in a ligand inhibited mAC5–mAC3 chimera. Thus, we discovered a new class of membrane receptors in which two signaling modalities are at a crossing, direct tonic lipid and indirect phasic GPCR–Gsα signaling regulating the biosynthesis of cAMP.
Enhancing Bone Regeneration and Osseointegration using rhPTH(1-34) and Dimeric R25CPTH(1-34) in an Osteoporotic Beagle Model
Authors: Shin Jeong-Oh , Lee Jong-Bin , Lee Sihoon , Kim Jin-Woo
Published: October 2024

Despite continuous parathyroid hormone (PTH) exposure potentially accelerating bone resorption, intermittent PTH administration has shown anabolic effects on bone microarchitecture. This study investigates the therapeutic impacts of two PTH analogs, rhPTH(1-34) and dimeric
R25C
PTH(1-34) on bone regeneration and osseointegration in a postmenopausal osteoporosis animal model.Twelve female beagles, osteoporotic post-ovariectomy, underwent implant surgeries. Animals were divided into three groups: control, daily rhPTH(1-34) injection, and daily dimeric
R25C
PTH(1-34) injection. After 10 weeks, bone regeneration and implant osseointegration were evaluated using micro-CT, histological/histomorphometric analyses, and serum biochemical analysis.While the rhPTH(1-34) group demonstrated improved microarchitectural characteristics, such as BMD, BV, trabecular metrics, and osseointegration degree, the dimeric
R25C
PTH(1-34) group showed similarly enhanced anabolic effects around the titanium implants, albeit these were less pronounced than the rhPTH(1-34), yet significantly better than the control group. Histologic and TRAP assays revealed that both PTH analogs significantly promoted bone regeneration and remodeling, especially in artificially created bone defects.This study demonstrated the therapeutic effects of rhPTH(1-34) and dimeric
R25C
PTH(1-34) on bone regeneration and titanium osseointegration in a beagle model with osteoporosis.
Feature sequence-based genome mining uncovers the hidden diversity of bacterial siderophore pathways
Authors: Gu Shaohua , Shao Yuanzhe , Rehm Karoline , Bigler Laurent , Zhang Di , He Ruolin , Xu Ruichen , Shao Jiqi , Jousset Alexandre , Friman Ville-Petri , Bian Xiaoying , Wei Zhong , Kümmerli Rolf , Li Zhiyuan
Published: October 2024

Microbial secondary metabolites are a rich source for pharmaceutical discoveries and play crucial ecological functions. While tools exist to identify secondary metabolite clusters in genomes, precise sequence-to-function mapping remains challenging because neither function nor substrate specificity of biosynthesis enzymes can accurately be predicted. Here, we developed a knowledge-guided bioinformatic pipeline to solve these issues. We analyzed 1928 genomes of Pseudomonas bacteria and focused on iron-scavenging pyoverdines as model metabolites. Our pipeline predicted 188 chemically different pyoverdines with nearly 100% structural accuracy and the presence of 94 distinct receptor groups required for the uptake of iron-loaded pyoverdines. Our pipeline unveils an enormous yet overlooked diversity of siderophores (151 new structures) and receptors (91 new groups). Our approach, combining feature sequence with phylogenetic approaches, is extendable to other metabolites and microbial genera, and thus emerges as powerful tool to reconstruct bacterial secondary metabolism pathways based on sequence data.
GABAergic inhibition in human hMT+ predicts visuo-spatial intelligence mediated through the frontal cortex
Authors: Gao Yuan , Cai Yong-Chun , Liu Dong-Yu , Yu Juan , Wang Jue , Li Ming , Xu Bin , Wang Tengfei , Chen Gang , Northoff Georg , Bai Ruiliang , Song Xue Mei
Published: October 2024

The prevailing opinion emphasizes fronto-parietal network (FPN) is key in mediating general fluid intelligence (gF). Meanwhile, recent studies show that human MT complex (hMT+), located at the occipito-temporal border and involved in 3D perception processing, also plays a key role in gF. However, the underlying mechanism is not clear, yet. To investigate this issue, our study targets visuo-spatial intelligence, which is considered to have high loading on gF. We use ultra-high field magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) to measure GABA/Glu concentrations in hMT+ combining resting-state fMRI functional connectivity (FC), behavioral examinations including hMT+ perception suppression test and gF subtest in visuo-spatial component. Our findings show that both GABA in hMT+ and frontal-hMT+ functional connectivity significantly correlate with the performance of visuo-spatial intelligence. Further, serial mediation model demonstrates that the effect of hMT+ GABA on visuo-spatial gF is fully mediated by the hMT+ frontal FC. Together our findings highlight the importance in integrating sensory and frontal cortices in mediating the visuo-spatial component of general fluid intelligence.
A lytic transglycosylase connects bacterial focal adhesion complexes to the peptidoglycan cell wall
Authors: Ramirez Carbo Carlos A , Faromiki Olalekan G , Nan Beiyan
Published: October 2024

The Gram-negative bacterium Myxococcus xanthus glides on solid surfaces. Dynamic bacterial focal adhesion complexes (bFACs) convert proton motive force from the inner membrane into mechanical propulsion on the cell surface. It is unclear how the mechanical force transmits across the rigid peptidoglycan (PG) cell wall. Here, we show that AgmT, a highly abundant lytic PG transglycosylase homologous to Escherichia coli MltG, couples bFACs to PG. Coprecipitation assay and single-particle microscopy reveal that the gliding motors fail to connect to PG and thus are unable to assemble into bFACs in the absence of an active AgmT. Heterologous expression of E. coli MltG restores the connection between PG and bFACs and thus rescues gliding motility in the M. xanthus cells that lack AgmT. Our results indicate that bFACs anchor to AgmT-modified PG to transmit mechanical force across the PG cell wall.
Dinámicas del comercio informal y su incorporación en proyectos de regeneración urbana: análisis de Barrio Meiggs
Authors:   , Nicholls Cáceres Domingo
Published: September 2024

Esta investigación explora las dinámicas del comercio informal en el contexto de proyectos de regeneración urbana vinculados con el eje Alameda Providencia en Santiago de Chile. El comercio informal se manifiesta como un problema que, pese a sus desafíos, presenta oportunidades únicas para reevaluar las estrategias y planificación para el desarrollo urbano sostenible. En este contexto, se propone un análisis detallado sobre cómo la masificación del comercio informal impacta en la configuración y calidad del espacio público en Barrio Meiggs. Se buscan identificar atributos dentro de las dinámicas operativas del comercio en la vía pública que permitan el desarrollo de estrategias para la integración del fenómeno en el tejido urbano y social del barrio. Mediante la propuesta de soluciones arquitectónicas receptivas y el diseño de un modelo de gestión diferente, esta propuesta busca una aproximación que reconozca la importancia de adaptar las prácticas de planificación urbana vigentes, para responder a la interrogante de si es posible que una incorporación intencionada del comercio informal y sus atributos pueden impactar de forma positiva en el desarrollo de proyectos de regeneración urbana. A través del análisis y trabajo realizado en Meiggs, este trabajo aspira a contribuir significativamente al debate sobre cómo la planificación urbana puede abordar los desafíos en relación con el manejo del comercio informal en las calles de manera efectiva.
Estrategia de comunicaciones para Hospital Provincial de Ovalle: plan de comunicación externa y relacionamiento con pacientes
Authors:   , Orezzoli Francheschini Agustín
Published: September 2024

Este proyecto desarrolla un diagnóstico y, en base a este, una estrategia de comunicaciones para el Hospital de Ovalle, persiguiendo el objetivo general de lograr que esta organización consiga una eficiente articulación de stakeholders para así poder cumplir con sus objetivos institucionales. Además, incluye un plan de acción específico que apunta a potenciar la relación con los pacientes activos (stakeholder críticos externo) para un mejor funcionamiento en un nuevo recinto.
Valorización de los Materiales del Bosque Nativo a Través del Diseño de Elementos Arquitectónicos: Manejo y Uso Sostenible del Bosque Nativo
Authors:   , Saenz Orrego Trinidad Francisca
Published: September 2024

En Panguipulli el Bosque Nativo abarca el 64,5% de la superficie comunal, sin embargo, la mayoría de estos bosques se encuentran degradados. La degradación es un proceso causado por la intervención humana que implica la pérdida de la productividad, biodiversidad y estructura de los ecosistemas forestales, siendo una de las principales amenazas para el bosque nativo de la zona. Esta situación se debe en gran medida a la falta de conciencia e incentivos para el manejo y uso sostenibles por parte de sus propietarios. Una de las principales causas de la degradación del bosque es su descuido debido a la falta de ingresos que éste significa para sus propietarios, por lo tanto, para su recuperación, se deben buscar formas que permitan hacer uso de sus recursos de manera sostenible, que signifiquen un aporte para sus propietarios, siendo así un incentivo para su cuidado y manejo.Para esto se identificaron distintos materiales provenientes del bosque nativo de la zona de Panguipulli que pueden ser obtenidos a partir de los procesos de manejo sostenible con los cuales se crearon elementos arquitectónicos de alto valor con el objetivo de agregar valor a estos materiales y generar un mercado sostenible que sirva de incentivo para el manejo del bosque para sus propietarios.Esto es posible debido a que existen en la zona de Panguipulli técnicas artesanales como la carpintería y cestería que son capaces de aprovechar los distintos componentes del bosque (maderables o no) de manera sostenible, con las que se pueden confeccionar elementos arquitectónicos y sistemas constructivos innovadores, los cuales son una manera efectiva de agregar valor a los productos provenientes del manejo sostenible del bosque nativo, beneficiando así a sus propietarios y comunidades locales a la vez que se incentiva el cuidado y manejo sostenible del bosque. Palabras clave: bosque nativo, manejo sostenible, innovación, productos de alto valor.
Beyond Means: Distributional Analysis of Gender Pay Gaps
Authors:   , Andrade De La Horra Valentina
Published: September 2024

This paper extends the canonical two-way fixed effects model proposed by Abowd et al. (1999) and Card et al. (2016) using unconditional quantile regressions (UQR) to analyze how firms and individual attributes influence pay dispersion at different points of the earnings distribution. Leveraging administrative employer-employee data from Chile, I find that individual effects account for most of the wage dispersion at upper quantiles, while firm effects explain a much more significant portion of wage dispersion at lower quantiles. Turning to gender inequality, I document that the gender pay gap increases as we move up on the earnings distribution. It is documented that sorting is more important than bargaining to understand firm-driven gaps at the median and top of the distribution, increasing the gender pay gap. However, the bargaining dimension is more relevant at the bottom of the earnings distribution, reducing the gender pay gap. We connect this finding with evidence on gender-based unionization.
El lugar del canon literario en el aula: prácticas esenciales de lectura para abordar los clásicos en la clase de Lengua y Literatura
Authors:   , Pérez Cornejo Marianela
Published: October 2024

A través de este trabajo interesa plantear una forma de acercamiento al modo en que las obras literarias pertenecientes al canon podrían ser abordadas y trabajadas en aula. La propuesta surge de algunos cuestionamientos respecto de cómo estas obras complejas son mediadas en las salas de clases, entendiendo que la lectura representa una herramienta fundamental para adquirir conocimientos y aprendizajes, pues contribuye al desarrollo de procesos cognitivos y afectivos en las personas, en su formación estética, en el desarrollo de la imaginación, la creatividad y la sensibilidad, considerados una oportunidad que apoyará la formación literaria y educativa de los estudiantes en la trayectoria escolar. Existe consenso sobre el hecho de que leer literatura constituye una práctica social importante y valiosa, y por eso es llevada a las salas de clases a través de los planes lectores, sin embargo, el hecho de que se reconozca en la práctica su valor no quiere decir que sepamos precisamente cómo trabajarla y cultivarla. Respecto del canon literario, esta propuesta busca no sólo determinar qué lugar tienen en el aula las obras canónicas sino disponer de un repertorio de prácticas esenciales para que los docentes puedan resolver más eficazmente esta problemática de aula.
Argumentación científica en educación ambiental: diseño didáctico en contexto local para estudiantes de primaria
Authors:   , Fuentes Arriaza Paloma Constanza
Published: September 2024

Esta investigación aborda el desarrollo de la argumentación científica en la Educación Ambiental para estudiantes de sexto básico en un colegio de Providencia, Región Metropolitana. El problema identificado fue la carencia de habilidades argumentativas en los estudiantes durante la Unidad 1 de Ciencias Naturales: ¿Cómo es nuestro planeta?, quienes construyen una argumentación demasiado general y carente de estructura, no demostrando un conocimiento sólido de las causas y consecuencias que afectan el medioambiente. Para abordar esta problemática, se diseñó e implementó un plan de acción didáctico que promueve la enseñanza explícita de la argumentación científica utilizando patrones de intervención y estrategias específicas. El plan de acción se desarrolló en tres etapas: (1) diagnóstico del nivel inicial de argumentación, (2) diseño e implementación del diseño didáctico y (3) evaluación de la efectividad de la intervención. Los resultados mostraron una mejora significativa en varios aspectos: el 84.2% de los estudiantes logró incorporar los componentes mínimos requeridos en sus argumentos (conclusión, evidencia y justificación). Además, el 84.2% presentó evidencia coherente y necesaria para sostener sus conclusiones, y el 97.4% respaldó sus argumentos con evidencia empírica y científica adecuada. Finalmente, el 50% de los estudiantes logró utilizar elementos persuasivos de manera efectiva. Estos resultados indican que la intervención didáctica fue altamente efectiva en mejorar la capacidad de argumentación científica de los estudiantes y en promover una mayor conciencia crítica sobre las problemáticas ambientales.
Narrando la violencia escolar desde la propia experiencia
Authors:   , AlbornozZ Potocnjak Juan Ulises
Published: September 2024

En la presente investigación busco describir y analizar mis experiencias sobre violencia escolar durante mi educación y mis primeros años como profesor. Para esto propongo una autoetnografía que permita entender mi emocionalidad en cada una de las viñetas y los afectos de manera que pueda relacionar, en un primer momento, la estructura emocional afectiva con hegemonía de la masculinidad frente a otras expresiones en la sala de clases y en una segunda temporalidad como estos actos movilizan un giro afectivo hacia la interrupción de la masculinidad hegemónica en mi sala de clases.Finalmente, como producto de esta investigación se esperan obtener reflexiones sobre las experiencias narradas de manera tal que contribuyan a enriquecer el estudio de la violencia escolar y la masculinidad hegemónica dentro de los espacios educativos, a fin de que su interrupción permita el encuentro entre identidades en pos de un propósito en común.
Toward resilient and sustainable communities: performance evaluation of light frame timber residential structures subjected to seismic and hurricane hazards
Authors:   , Valdivieso Cascante Diego Nicolas
Published: September 2024

Esta tesis ofrece un análisis profundo sobre el comportamiento estructural y la modelización de estructuras de entramado ligero de madera. Destaca la importancia de un modelado en 3D que refleje con precisión el comportamiento real, frente a las aproximaciones simplificadas en 2D comúnmente usadas en el ámbito profesional. El objetivo principal de esta tesis es profundizar en el entendimiento de las respuestas estructurales ante riesgos sísmicos y huracanados en Chile y Puerto Rico, respectivamente. Esta mayor comprensión podría potenciar la resiliencia de las comunidades en estas zonas ambientalmente sensibles, haciendo al mismo tiempo que la construcción con madera sea más competitiva y factible como opción sostenible en el tiempo. Centrándose en la sostenibilidad, este estudio subraya el importante papel de la madera en la disminución del déficit habitacional y en la reducción de las emisiones de gases de efecto invernadero a nivel mundial. Basada en desempeño para evaluar los riesgos relacionados con los vientos huracanados. También se consideran los posibles impactos del cambio climático en la frecuencia e intensidad de los huracanes en la isla. Esta tesis integra varios aspectos del comportamiento de los edificios de madera bajo cargas sísmicas y de vientos huracanados, desafiando los enfoques de diseño convencionales y abogando por prácticas sostenibles y socialmente responsables. Las conclusiones y recomendaciones establecen un camino para el desarrollo de prácticas de construcción robustas, eficientes y sostenibles en áreas propensas a amenazas naturales. Se espera que investigaciones futuras expandan sobre los efectos de sistema y los efectos de las capas no estructurales para desarrollar la información necesaria para que los profesionales y académicos consideren tales efectos en el análisis de estructuras de madera. Las investigaciones futuras también deberían centrarse en desarrollar modelos integrales de cambio climático para la evaluación del riesgo ante múltiples amenazas, promoviendo así la resiliencia en comunidades vulnerables a nivel global
Metamorfosis en la interacción con el instrumento: reflexión comparativa sobre algunas reformas estructurales en mi técnica
Authors:   , Méndez Cea Ignacio Cristóbal
Published: September 2024

Este texto está dirigido a analizar los diversos aspectos que explican y sustentan el cambio en mi interacción con el piano, fruto de la información y experiencias adquiridas durante los años que cursé estudios de magíster. Mediante registros audiovisuales tanto de mi comportamiento pianístico actual como de mi praxis anterior reconstruida, se ha realizado un análisis comparativo para detectar los elementos determinantes de esta evolución y los rasgos que delimitan y definen uno u otro comportamiento. A raíz de las observaciones se puede considerar como desencadenantes de este cambio de paradigma a la modificación de la altura de la banqueta empleada en la ejecución, junto con una redistribución de los equilibrios internos del antebrazo que suscita un cambio en el rol de los dedos y su nivel de actividad.
Visual Biofeedback Assisted Lower Limb Balance Training in Chronic Stroke: A Pilot Study
Authors: Ao Satemrenla , Gupta Neha , Mittal Ankur
Published: September 2024

Introduction: Stroke is one of the significant long-term impairments and it results in the inability to carry out many activities due to balance issues leading to increased risk of falls. A rehabilitation technique called Visual Biofeedback (VBF) may be applied to provide the patient with visual cues and are given more knowledge to modify their behaviour and achieve improved performance. Aim: To investigate the effectiveness of lower limb balance training interventions using VBF (Togu Challenge Disc 2.0) in improving balance in hemiplegic patients following a stroke. Materials and Methods: A pilot study was conducted in Xcell Physiocare, Greater Kailash 1, New Delhi, India for 3 weeks, from 27Â February, 2024 to 14 March, 2024. In the present study, a total fiveÂ chronic stroke patients were included and the selection criteria were as: able to tolerate standing, Berg Balance Scale (BBS) score >20 to <41, Brunnstrom score between stage I and IV. For the training, subjects were made to perform activities standing on a platform known as Togu challenge disc 2.0 where there were various levels and patient had to move their COG in the directions as displayed on the screen and recorded in a software named Body Teamwork. A total of nine sessions (30 min/day, 3 times per week for 3 weeks) were given. Pre- and post-intervention assessment wasÂ carried out using Berg Balance Scale and Lower Extremity Motor Coordination Test (LEMOCOT). Intervention effects were evaluated with the Wilcoxon’s matched paired test. Results: After training, the group showed significant improvement and increase in BBS median score from 34 (range=32-39) to 38 (35-42) (p>0.05) and LEMOCOT median score from 13 (range=11.33-14.63) to 16 (range=15-16.66) (p>0.05). Conclusion: The VBF improved both the balance and coordination.
Balance Training for Improving Equilibrium in Patients with Chronic Ankle Instability: A Literature Review
Authors: Deepshikha, . , Kaur Simranjeet , Sharma Nidhi
Published: September 2024

Introduction: Balance training refers to a type of exercise or physical activity that focuses on improving an individual’s ability to maintain stability and equilibrium. For those with recurrent balance problems, balance training is a specific method to increase stability and decrease the chance of falls or injury. Aim: To find out the effectiveness of balance training among individuals with chronic ankle instability. Materials and Methods: A literature review with a total of nine randomised controlled trial and one cohort study were included which emphasised on balance training and addressed the treatment of chronic ankle instability. Electronic searches were performed through databases PubMed, Google scholar and Cochrane library were used to acquire the relevant studies from the last 10 years from 2014 to 2024. The keywords like “Balance training”, “Chronic ankle instability”, ‘Equilibrium’ and ‘Posture’ were used. An impartial selection, evaluation and data extraction procedure were carried out by the reviewer. Results: Balance training through physical therapy involved specific treatment plans which aimed at strengthening areas of weakness that led to balance and coordination issues and proven significant results for the management of the chronic ankle instability. Conclusion: Balance training was better treatment for the improvement in the dynamic as well as static balance, gait patterns, functional improvement and postural control in the individuals having chronic ankle instability.
Exploring the Viability of Neurobic Exercises as an Intervention for Cognitive Impairment: A Literature Review
Authors: Chandrakar Pooja Purendra , Kumari Sunita
Published: September 2024

Aim: To investigate the viability of implementing neurobic exercise interventions among adults diagnosed with Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI). Materials and Methods: A comprehensive search of electronic databases PubMed, Google Scholar, Medline, was done for relevant studies, including randomised controlled trials, observational studies. Inclusion criteria were both male and female with cognitive impairment, implementation of neurobic programme and their follow ups. A total of four articles were synthesised out of 12, for the review based on the inclusion criteria. Results: All the four studies yielded positive results. Firstly, use of neurobic exercises exhibited a significant decrease in Informant Questionnaire on Cognitive Decline in the Elderly (IQCODE) relative change scores, indicating cognitive decline improvement, and significantly higher Catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) relative change scores, reflecting enhanced cognitive performance at 3rd and 6th weeks. Secondly, serum Brain-derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) level in the neurobic group was slightly higher than pretest. There was change in Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) scale in post treatment experimental group as compared to conventional group. Participants expressed high satisfaction with the activities and perceived the intervention as helpful. Conclusion: The implementation of neurobic exercise interventions proved to be both feasible and was well-received by people with cognitive impairment. It also proved to improve quality of life. Neurobic exercises suggest future research avenues demonstrating a forward looking approach to address existing research gaps.
The Use of Robotic Devices in Knee Rehabilitation: A Literature Review
Authors: Upadhyay Neha , Sharma Pooja , Chaudhary Palak
Published: September 2024

Introduction: Total Knee Replacement (TKR) surgery rehabilitation presents significant challenges, necessitating effective interventions to restore function and mobility. Robotic devices have emerged as promising tools for enhancing knee rehabilitation outcomes. Robotic-Assisted Rehabilitation (RAR) systems offer unique capabilities that may address some of the challenges associated with traditional methods, robotic devices can facilitate early mobilisation and functional training, potentially leading to faster recovery, improved joint function, and enhanced patient satisfaction. Aim: To provide a comprehensive overview of the current state of research on the use of robotic devices in knee rehabilitation. Materials and Methods: A thorough search of databases, including PubMed, Google Scholar, Science Direct, and Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (MEDLINE) was conducted by Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines using the terms “rehabilitation”, “robot”, and “total knee replacement”. This approach yielded 37 articles of which six full-text available articles, from 2014 and 2024 were included in the present review. Studies were selected based on predefined inclusion criteria. Pertinent reference lists were examined. Results: The review identified various types of robotic devices utilised in knee rehabilitation, including exoskeletons, robotic-assisted therapy systems, and rehabilitation platforms. Comparative effectiveness studies indicated potential benefits of robotic-assisted rehabilitation in improving range of motion, muscle strength, functional performance and patient satisfaction. Conclusion: It can be concluded that RAR may be an effective treatment in TKR patients. Future research should focus on personalised rehabilitation protocols, longitudinal outcomes assessment and innovative technologies to optimise patient care and rehabilitation efficacy in knee injuries and surgeries.
EMG Activity of Core and Global Muscles of Spine during Functional Exercises in Basketball Players with Chronic Ankle Instability: A Pilot Study
Authors: Sehrawat Anuj , Bhati Pooja , Anand Pooja
Published: September 2024

Introduction: Assessing the Electromyography (EMG) activity of core muscles during various exercises might be extremely important to understand the neuro-muscular strategies used by basketball athletes with Chronic Ankle Instability (CAI). Aim: To compare the EMG activity of the core/global muscles during different functional exercises in basketball athletes with versus without CAI. Materials and Methods: A pilot study was conducted in the Department of Physiotherapy, SGT University, Gurugram, Haryana, India. A total of eight basketball players subjects aged 18-30 years with (n=4) and without CAI (n=4) were recruited using convenience sampling. Players with atleast 2 years of competitive experience were enrolled. CAI was diagnosed if there was a history of atleast twoÂ ankle inversion injuries in the same ankle for the past 2 years, which had required a period of protected weight bearing or immobilisation or any complaint of giving way of the ankle during functional activities and score of less than 24 on the Cumberland ankle instability tool. Surface EMG was recorded for multifidus, rectus abdominis, transverse abdominis and erector spinae during six functional exercises (single leg squat, Y balance exercise, quadrant hop, toe touch down, box jump and medicine ball slams). 2×5×4 repeated measures Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was employed to test the study hypothesis. Results: A significant difference was found between the activation patterns of the core and global muscles in basketball players with CAI and without CAI. Conclusion: It can be concluded that CAI alters the activation of core and global spinal muscles significantly. CAI is not restricted to distal joint but has an impact on proximal muscles as well. Neuromuscular training for the muscles, which alters motor control strategy because of CAI, could be taken into consideration when planning rehabilitation for CAI.
Efficacy of Integrated Neuromuscular Inhibition Technique on Pain and Range of Motion in Patients with Upper Trapezius Triggers Point: A Literature Review
Authors: Chauhan Shivani , Kaur Simranjeet , Sharma Nidhi
Published: September 2024

Introduction: Myofascial Pain Syndrome (MPS) is current musculoskeletal pain disorder that affects the majority of chronic pain population. Myofascial Trigger Points (MTrPs) are hyperexcitable spots in a tight band within the skeletal muscle, which ache upon shortening, elongating and manifest referred pain. Integrated Neuromuscular Inhibition Technique (INIT) is a single coordinated technique, which is used to decrease the pain intensity, increase the function and range of motion due to the increased blood supply by intermittent pressure, muscle relaxation by strain-counter strain and tone reduction by muscle energy technique. Thus, the review of literature was suggested to explore the efficacy of techniques like INIT on pain and range of motion parameters. Aim: To evaluate the current literatures on the efficacy of INIT on pain and range of motion in patients with upper trapezius trigger point. Materials and Methods: A literature review was conducted from December 2023 to February 2024, using PubMed, the Cochrane Library, and PEDro databases to identify studies on the Integrated Neuromuscular Inhibition Technique (INIT) in patients with upper trapezius trigger points. Seven articles meeting inclusion criteria were selected for detailed analysis to evaluate INIT’s effects on pain and range of motion in this population. Results: From the initial search of PubMed, the Cochrane Library, and PEDro databases, seven articles met inclusion criteria for analysis. Among these, four studies reported positive outcomes for the Integrated Neuromuscular Inhibition Technique (INIT) in treating upper trapezius trigger points. INIT interventions consistently improved pain levels and range of motion, indicating its efficacy in managing myofascial pain syndromes in this muscle group. Conclusion: An integrated strategy, INIT is proved to be effective in reducing pain and improving quality of life in patients with non specific neck pain, stiffness, and enhancing functionality.
Prevalence of Neck and Shoulder Pain among Teaching Professionals: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Mohi Simran Kaur , . Sahana , Ravia . , Singh Amandeep
Published: September 2024

Introduction: Teachers are more susceptible to neck and shoulder pain due to their daily tasks and regular employment, making it the most prevalent occupational health issue contributing to morbidity and absence among teachers globally. Neck and/or shoulder pain in working population such as in teachers is increasing day by day. Incidence of shoulder pain is 73.4% and neck pain is 68.9%. Aim: To find out the prevalence of neck and shoulder pain among the teaching professionals. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Physiotherapy, CSHS, Chitkara University, Punjab, India. Atotal of 207 educators teaching in colleges and universities completed a questionnaire. Sampling method used was convenient sampling method. The data collection was done using a questionnaire which was circulated through Google form. Results: Out of 207 subjects, 125 teaching professionals were found to have neck and shoulder pain. Among them, 57.1% females and 42.9% males of which, 48.3% reported neck pain, 21.3% radiating pain and 38.4% describe it as dull aching, whereas 39.6% reported shoulder pain. The screen usage per day: 79.7% reported >3 hours, 10.6% with 3 hours, 4.8% with 2 hours, and 4.8% with 0-1 hours. Conclusion: The incidence of neck pain and shoulder pain was found to be quite high among teaching professionals. They need to be administered regular postural advices so as to maximise their outputs.
Effectiveness of Kabat Rehabilitation, Kinesio-taping Combined with Neuromuscular Facilitation Techniques in Management of Subacute Bell’s Palsy: A Case Report
Authors: Sharma Adarsh , Jeyanthi S
Published: September 2024

A comprehensive physiotherapy protocol for treating individuals with Bell’s palsy including neuromuscular facilitation techniques is essential to enhance therapeutic effects and significant outcomes for individuals with subacute Bell’s palsy. The purpose of the present case report was to explore the distinct effects of Kabat rehabilitation, Kinesio-taping, and neuromuscular facilitation techniques for treating Bell’s palsy. It underscores the necessity for additional integrated research in this domain. Hereby, the authors present a case of a 34-year-old male suffering from Bell’s palsy with a history of left ear pain and heaviness on the left side of the face for 1.5 months. The patient reported to Neurophysiotherapy Outpatient Department (OPD) and was recruited after thorough assessment and screening followed by informed consent and was given an intervention of 40 minutes per session, 5 times per week for 4 weeks. Baseline and post-assessments were done for facial functions with the House-Brackmann Facial Outcome Scale (HBFS) and Facial Disability Index (FDI). After 4 weeks of intervention, there were significant improvements between baseline and post-intervention scores on the HBFS and FDI. The result of the present report was to provide a more potentiate intervention to improve facial outcomes in individuals with Bell’s Palsy. Emphasis should be placed on experimental studies with larger sample sizes to observe more significant results.
Comparative Study of Blood Flow Restriction Therapy and Weight Training on the Knee Flexors Strength among Recreational Cricket Players: A Randomised Controlled Trial
Authors: Mittal Radha , Nikki . , Dash Pragnya Jyoti , Gujral Tanya , Rai Richa Hirendra
Published: September 2024

Introduction: Cricket was once regarded as a “moderate injury risk” sport, However, there has been a continual increase in injury rates in cricket, with Hamstring Strain Injuries (HSIs) being the most prominent. More recent research suggests that the injury rate in cricket is rising, with HSIs one of the most common and severe injuries. Aim: To investigate the impact of Blood Flow Restriction Therapy (BFRT) and traditional resistance training on knee flexor strength and squat test among cricket players. Materials and Methods: This was a single-blinded, randomised controlled trial on 39 cricket players conducted in the Department of Physiotherapy, Galgotias University (GU), Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India. Subjects aged between 18-25 years were randomly divided in a 1:1 ratio. Group A underwent BFRT combined with low-resistance training, and Group B underwent traditional resistance training. A four-week intervention, comprising two sessions weekly was administered. Results: For within-group comparisons, the paired t-test was used and for between-group comparisons, the independent t-test was used using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS), version 25.0. Group A demonstrated a statistically significant increase in squat test scores from pre- to post-intervention compared to Group B after 4 weeks. No significant difference in muscle strength was observed among the two groups. Conclusion: Combining BFRT with low-resistance training significantly enhances knee flexor endurance, as evidenced by superior performance in the squat test compared to traditional resistance training alone. These findings suggest the potential of BFRT as a valuable adjunct to rehabilitation and performance enhancement strategies for lower limb injuries in athletes.
Management of Pain and Improvement in Quality of Life in Lumbar Disc Herniation using Class IV LASERA Placebo-controlled Study
Authors: Kumar Dinesh , Sethi Jasobanta , Aggrawal Rajeev
Published: September 2024

Introduction: Intervertebral disc herniation is the most common cause of spine related disability in working-age individuals. Class IV high-intensity Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation (LASER) therapy can help in reducing inflammation, pain and improve function with increasing microcirculation, activating angiogenesis. Aim: To find the effect of Class IV LASER on pain and Quality of Life (QoL) in patients with herniated lumbar disc. Materials and Methods: This placebo-controlled pre- and post-comparison study conducted at Jindal Physio Care, New Delhi with the sample size of 34 subjects. Participants were recruited based upon a predefined selection criteria. After signing the informed consent, all the subjects were randomly distributed among two groups. Outcome variables were Numeric Pain Rating Scale (NPRS), and QOL 36-Item Short Form Survey Instrument (SF-36) questionnaire which were assessed in the beginning and at the end of study period of 10 weeks. Control group was given placebo LASER whereas the study group was treated with high-intensity LASER. Moist heat, core strengthening exercise and use of lumbar corset was advised for both the groups. Results: There was a significant (p<0.05) decrease in NPRS and SF-36 score in both the groups at the end of the study. However, study group showed significant improvement compared to control group (p<0.001). Conclusion: Class IV LASER treatment has been found more effective reducing pain and improving QoL. This can be a better choice of treatment in patients with lumbar disc herniation.
Normative Reference Value of Hop Test and its Association with Body Mass Index in Football Players: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Verma Nitesh , Mehra Pooja , Shweta .
Published: September 2024

Introduction: Football is a highly regarded and widely appreciated sport that is played throughout the globe. It is a quick game that involves continuous running and jumping activities as per game demands. Hop tests are functional test that can be used to assess power and strength of lower limbs and helps to decide fitness level of a player. In most studies this test is used after Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) reconstruction for return to sport and comparison between dominant and non dominant leg. Aim: To establish a normative value of hop test {Single Leg Hop Test (SLHT), Triple Leg Hop Test (TLHT) and 6-minute Timed Hop Test (6-mHT)} and its association with Body Mass Index (BMI). Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from December 2023 to February 2024 in the Department of Physiotherapy, Maharishi Markandeshwar Medical College and Hospital, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, India, from December 2023 to February 2024. Convenience sampling was used to recruit 280Â players, aged between 18-25 years. Inclusion criteria was 3Â years ofÂ systematic football training with 3-4 training sessions weekly and 8 hour of football training per week. The SLHT, TLHT and 6-mHT were used to assess functional testing of players. Kolmogorov Smirnov test showed data was non normal, expressed in the form ofÂ Median {Interquartile Range (IQR)} and Median (Range). Pearson’sÂ Chi-square test was used to check association between BMI and hop test. Results: Normative values were established for SLHT 150 (25), 153.64 (127-177); TLHT 448 (101.25), 446.88 (368-522); 6-mHT 2.45 (1.49), 2.84 (1.95-4.30). Phi-Cramer’s test showed that SLHT and 6-mHT have a very weak association with BMI having p-value=0.047 and <0.001 respectively. Conclusion: Normative values were established for hop test and it showed a very strong association between BMI and TLHT.
Lived Experience Views on What Contributes to Self-Injury Stigma: A Thematic Analysis
Authors: Lewis Stephen P. , Collaton Joanna , Heath Nancy L. , Whitley Rob
Published: October 2024

Growing research has sought to understand non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) stigma. To build on this literature, we qualitatively explored what young adults with lived experience of NSSI believed contributed to its stigmatization. Participants (n = 97) were asked open-ended online questions about what they perceived as contributing to NSSI stigma, which were then analysed via reflexive thematic analysis. Resultant themes indicated that participants believe stigma stems from people, who do not self-injure, misunderstanding self-injury as attention-seeking or conflate it with suicide; they also believe that the media may play a role in this regard (e.g., glamourization, inaccurate portrayals of recovery). Findings offer initial support for a recent theoretical framework for NSSI stigma and point to several implications, which are discussed.
A new drought index that considers the joint effects of climate and land surface change
Authors: Liu Meixian , Xu Xianli , Xu Chaohao , Sun Alexander Y. , Wang Kelin , Scanlon Bridget R. , Zhang Lu
Published: March 2017

This study proposes a hydrological drought index, the standardized wetness index (SWI), by combining the structure of the Standardized Precipitation‐Evapotranspiration Index and actual‐evaporation‐based residual water‐energy ratio, in which actual evaporation is estimated using the Budyko hypothesis. The SWI requires three parameters—precipitation, potential evaporation, and parameter
of a Budyko‐type formula. Based on different types of
(fixed or dynamic), SWI can be used to estimate the dryness/wetness resulting from climate change (variability) solely, and from the joint effects of climate and land surface change (variability). Performance of SWI is evaluated using historical droughts and by comparing to the self‐calibrated Palmer Drought Severity Index. Results show that SWI effectively captures global droughts. Furthermore, a case study in two catchments with significant land surface modification indicates that the joint effects of climate and land surface have greater impacts on dryness/wetness in the water‐limited Wuding catchment than in the energy‐limited Poyang catchment.
Population‐Based Study of Changes in Arthritis Prevalence and Arthritis Risk Factors Over Time: Generational Differences and the Role of Obesity
Authors: Badley Elizabeth M. , Canizares Mayilee , Perruccio Anthony V.
Published: March 2017

Objective

To investigate cohort effects in arthritis prevalence across 4 birth cohorts: World War II (born 1935–1944), older and younger baby boomers (born 1945–1954 and 1955–1964, respectively), and Generation X (born 1965–1974), and to determine whether birth cohort effects in arthritis prevalence were associated with differences in risk factors over time or period effects.

Methods

Analysis of biannually collected data from the longitudinal Canadian National Population Health Survey, 1994–2011 (n = 8,817 at baseline). Data included self‐reported arthritis diagnosed by a health professional, risk factors (years of education, household income, smoking, physical activity, sedentary behavior, body mass index [BMI]), and survey year as an indicator of period. We used hierarchical age–period–cohort analyses to compare the age trajectory of arthritis by birth cohort and to examine the contribution of changes in risk factors and period to cohort differences.

Results

More recent cohorts had successively a greater prevalence of arthritis. Risk factors were significantly associated with arthritis prevalence independently of cohort differences. The effects of increasing education and income over time on potentially reducing the arthritis prevalence were almost counter‐balanced by effects of increasing BMI. Significant cohort–BMI and age–BMI interactions indicated an earlier age of arthritis onset for obese individuals than those of normal weight.

Conclusion

Projections that only take into account the changing age structure of the population may underestimate future trends. Our understanding of the impact of BMI on arthritis is likely an underestimate. Cohort differences focus attention on the need to target arthritis management education to young and middle‐aged adults.