bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Model Pembelajaran Inovatif
Authors: Saputri Anisa
Published: December 2021

Merancang pembelajaran, termasuk memahami landasan pendidikan untuk kepentingan pembelajaran yang meliputi memahami landasan pendidikan, menerapkan teori belajar dan pembelajaran, menentukan strategi pembelajaran berdasarkan karakteristik peserta didik, kompetensi yang ingin dicapai, dan materi ajar, serta menyusun rancangan pembelajaran berdasarkan strategi yang dipilih.Melaksanakan pembelajaran yang meliputi menata latar ( setting) pembelajaran dan melaksanakan pembelajaran yang kondusif.Merancang dan melaksanakan evaluasi pembelajaran yang meliputi merancang dan melaksanakan evaluasi (assessment) proses dan hasil belajar secara berkesinambungan dengan berbagai metode,menganalisis hasil evaluasi proses dan hasil belajar untuk menentukan tingkat ketuntasan belajar (mastery level), dan memanfaatkan hasil penilaian pembelajaran untuk perbaikan kualitas program pembelajaran secara umum.
Analisis Video Likes To Followers Ratio Tiktok Pada 5 Aplikasi Nonton Streaming Anime Terbaik
Authors: Puspadana Satria
Published: December 2021

TikTok adalah sebuah jaringan sosial dan platform video musik Tiongkok yang diluncurkan pada September 2016 oleh Zhang Yiming, pendiri Toutiao. TikTok memungkinkan penggunanya membuat video berdurasi 15 detik yang disertai dengan musik, filter, dan beberapa fitur kreatif lainnya. Di Indonesia sendiri, Tiktok sudah mulai ramai digunakan pada tahun 2018. Saat ini ada 92,2 juta pengguna tiktok di Indonesia, dihitung pada Juli 2021. Aplikasi ini sangat populer dan telah digunakan oleh jutaan pengguna di seluruh dunia. Maraknya jumlah pengguna TikTok yang aktif di Indonesia tentu dapat memberikan peluang bagi brand untuk menjadikan platform TikTok sebagai platform social media marketing. Adajuga 5 Aplikasi Nonton Streaming Anime Terbaik yang memanfaatkan TikTok sebagai platform marketing, yaitu: Crunchyroll, iQiyi, Netflix, Iflix dan Hulu. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu untuk menghitung kredibilitas dari performa akun TikTok Top 5 Aplikasi Nonton Streaming Anime Terbaik. Metode yang digunakan untuk penelitian ini yaitu metode eksploratif kuantitatif. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa Crunchyroll mendapatkan peringkat pertama dan memiliki kredibilitas performa akun yang baik.
Meningkatkan Berpikir Kritis dan Kreatif dalam Pembelajaran Bahasa Indonesia SMA
Authors: Supiyah
Published: December 2021

Guru adalah profesi yang sangat membanggakan. Bagaimana tidak, setiap bangsa terlahir karena jasa para guru. Guru adalah orang yang diteladani dan dimuliakan karena jasa dan ilmunya. Sungguh sangat ironis jika profesi ini dikucilkan, semestinya profesi ini harus dicintai dan dibanggakan. Siapapun orangnya, pejabat ataupun tidak, negeri atau swasta mereka semua terlahir karena jasa para guru. Ini menandakan bahwa guru penting adanya, dan profesi ini sesungguhnya tidak pernah lekang oleh waktu. Tiada guru, sama siapa kita bertanya. Sebuah ungkapan bijak, 'Kalau ingin melihat kualitas suatu bangsa, lihatlah kualitas gurunya'. Keberadaan guru menjadi penentu kualitas—mutu pendidikan suatu bangsa. Minister of Education, Culture and Science (2013) guru menjadi penentu kualitas pendidikan.
Еducаtiоn аnd Аfghаn Bаnking Utilizаtiоn
Authors: Nguyen My
Published: December 2021

This study invеstigаtе whеthеr еducаtеd Аfghаns utilizе mоrе bаnking sеrvicеs (N=93,089). Оur rеsults suggеst thаt mоrе еducаtеd Аfghаn аrе mоrе likеly tо utilizе bаnking sеrvicеs. Quаntitаtivеly, аn аdditiоnаl yеаr оf еducаtiоn in Аfghаnistаn lеаds tо а 1.5 pеrcеntаgе pоints risе in thе prоbаbility оf Аfghаn using bаnking sеrvicеs, cоmplеting primаry schооling incrеаsеs thе prоbаbility оf Аfghаn using bаnking sеrvicеs by 11.9 pеrcеntаgе pоints, аnd cоmplеting sеcоndаry schооling incrеаsеs thе prоbаbility оf Аfghаn using bаnking sеrvicеs by 18.9 pеrcеntаgе pоints.
Out-of-Body Experience induced by hypnotic suggestion: phenomenology and perceptual characteristics
Authors: Tressoldi Patrizio , Pederzoli Luciano
Published: December 2021

The aim of this study is the investigation of the perceptual and cognitive characteristics of Out-of- Body Experiences (OBEs) induced by hypnotic induction.Five participants selected for their experience with hypnotic inductions were induced into an OBE and were requested to verbally describe six selected images, either one or two per session, that were located in two different rooms that were hundreds of kilometers from the place where they were under hypnosis.Furthermore, their real-time phenomenological experience was investigated with respect to the minimal phenomenal selfhood (MPS) and the similarities with the characteristics of spatial and temporal perception reported in near death experiences (NDEs).On average, the participants correctly identified 46.7% of the images, whereas two independent judges correctly identified 66.7% of them, compared to a probability of 25% expected due to chance.The phenomenology of their out-of-body perceptual and cognitive experiences revealed a general commonality among all participants. All participants reported a phenomenological experience of a disembodied personal selfhood able to perceive simply by an act of will without the physical limitation of eyesight, to move in the environment instantaneously and exist in a sort of three dimensional world with no awareness of time.The validity of these ﬁrst person verbal reports was discussed to determine whether they were due to real OBEs or to the participants’ or the hypnotist’s previous knowledge about OBE.
Coordinating social action: A primer for the cross-species investigation of communicative repair
Authors: Heesen Raphaela , Fröhlich Marlen , Sievers Christine , Woensdregt Marieke , Dingemanse Mark
Published: December 2021

Human joint action is inherently cooperative, manifested in the collaborative efforts of participants to minimize communicative trouble through interactive repair. Although interactive repair requires sophisticated cognitive abilities, it can be dissected into basic building blocks shared with nonhuman animal species. A review of the primate literature shows that interactionally contingent signal sequences are at least common among species of nonhuman great apes, suggesting a gradual evolution of repair. To pioneer a cross-species assessment of repair this paper aims at (i) identifying necessary precursors of human interactive repair; (ii) proposing a coding framework for its comparative study in humans and nonhuman species; and (iii) using this framework to analyse examples of interactions of humans (adults/children) and nonhuman great apes. We hope this paper will serve as a primer for cross-species comparisons on dealing with communicative breakdowns.
Promoting Climate Actions: A Cognitive-Constraints Approach
Authors: Lee Junho , WONG EMILY FRANCES , CHENG PATRICIA W
Published: December 2021

Many Americans do not view climate change as a threat requiring urgent action. Moreover, among U.S. conservatives, higher science literacy is paradoxically associated with higher anthropogenic climate-change skepticism. The present study harnessed the power of two cognitive constraints essential to belief formation and revision to design educational materials that can mitigate these problems. The key role of the coherence and causal-invariance constraints, which map onto two narrative proclivities that anthropologists have identified as universal, predicts that climate-change information embedded in scientific explanations of (indisputable) everyday observations within a coherent personal moral narrative, juxtaposed with reasoners’ typically less coherent explanations, will be more persuasive than climate-change information by itself. An experiment conducted in U.S. states with the highest level of climate skepticism demonstrates that across the political spectrum, conveying science information using materials that leverage these constraints raises both appreciation of science and willingness to take pro-climate actions.
Robustness tests provide further support for an ecological account of the truth and fake news by repetition effects
Authors: Béna Jérémy , Corneille Olivier , Mierop Adrien , Unkelbach Christian
Published: December 2021

Corneille et al. (2020) found that repetition increases judgments that statements have been used as fake news on social media, a result that is consistent with an ecological theorization. They also found that repetition increases truth judgments and decreases falsehood judgments (i.e., two instantiations of the Truth-by-Repetition effect), which is more compatible with the ecological account than with competing accounts. However, the first author of the present article found unsuspected programming issues in Corneille et al.’s experiments. These programming issues introduced confounds that may have been responsible for the results. To estimate whether Corneille et al.’s results and main claims hold when correcting these issues, the current team agreed on two high-powered preregistered replications of Corneille et al.’s experiments (N total = 540). The findings strongly support Corneille et al.’s predictions, which substantiates and generalizes an ecological account of repetition effects on judgment.
Boredom proneness predicts self-assessed decision errors in sports but is unrelated to risk taking in general
Authors: Wolff Wanja , Bieleke Maik , Keller Lucas
Published: December 2021

Introduction: Boredom proneness is linked to poor self-regulation, leading to poor decision making and/or increased risk taking. These links have not yet been investigated in the domain of sports and exercise. However, poor decisions or excessive risk behavior would be highly detrimental to sporting performance and, in some cases, even cause physical harm. Here, we address this gap by assessing if boredom proneness is linked to general risk taking, sport-specific risk taking, and to regrets about sports-specific decision errors with respect to acting too risky or too passively.Methods: N = 936 athletes (27.6 ± 9.0 years, 89.6% men) – n = 330 Climbers (31.8 ± 10.7 years, 82.4% men), n = 83 Snowboarders (29.9 ± 8.3 years, 79.5% men), and n = 523 Esports athletes (24.6 ± 6.3 years, 95.8% men) – completed the Short Boredom Proneness Scale (SBPS), along with measures for objective risk taking (Balloon Analogue Risk Task; BART), subjective risk taking (general willingness to take risks), as well as assessments for sport-specific risk taking and regrets for sports-specific decision errors (taking too many risks, failing to act at all). In the two extreme sports samples (Climbers and Snowboarders), we additionally assessed self-selected outcome certainty in a hypothetical sports-specific scenario where an error would result in physical harm.Results: A series of multiple regression analyses revealed that boredom proneness was unrelated to objective and subjective general risk taking, but a significant predictor of sport-specific risk taking and higher risk taking in the sports scenario (Climbers and Snowboarders only). Most importantly, boredom proneness predicted regrets for taking too many risks and being too passive. Exploratory post-hoc analyses further indicated that boredom proneness in extreme sports athletes was lower than in esports athletes. Higher boredom proneness was significantly related to lower skill levels across all kinds of sport.Discussion: Across three athlete samples, boredom proneness was unrelated to general risk taking but significantly related to poorer decision making, as indicated by regrets about acting too risky and too passively, as well as demanding a significantly lower safety threshold to make a risky sports-specific choice. While at odds with the often reported link between boredom proneness and risk taking, these results are consistent with the conceptualization of boredom proneness as a maladaptive self-regulatory disposition that leads to noisy decision making in sports. In addition, we provide preliminary evidence that boredom proneness covaries with self-selection into specific types of sports and might also stand in the way of skill acquisition in sports.
PERTANIAN KOTA DALAM PERSPEKTIF PANGAN, EKONOMI, ESTETIKA, DAN LINGKUNGAN DI KOTA MAKASSAR
Authors: HASTUTI DIAH RETNO DWI
Published: December 2021

DIAH RETNO DWI HASTUTI. Pertanian Kota dalam Perspektif Pangan, Ekonomi, Estetika, dan Lingkungan di Kota Makassar (dibimbing Rahim Darma, Darmawan Salman, dan Slamet Santosa). Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis fungsi pertanian kota sebagai penyedia pangan, sumber pendapatan, penambah keindahan, serta penyerap karbon dan penyedia oksigen bagi penduduk Kota Makassar. Sementara metode yang digunakan adalah survei di mana untuk menjawab tujuan pertama dan kedua dipilih metode area sampling. Sementara sampel untuk tujuan ketiga menggunakan metode non-probability sampling yang dilakukan secara daring dan tujuan keempat menggunakan plot contoh. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pertanian kota mampu mencukupi kebutuhan pangan rumah tangga petani, baik dari tanaman pangan maupun sayuran. Akan tetapi, bukan memenuhi kebutuhan pangan masyarakat kota secara keseluruhan. Begitu pula dengan pendapatan real yang dapat dibelanjakan untuk kebutuhan di luar pertanian masih rendah akibat tingginya produksi yang dikonsumsi sendiri. Sedangkan dari perspektif estetika pertanian ini memberi nilai estetika tinggi bagi masyarakat, baik yang pernah atau tinggal maupun yang belum pernah datang ke Makassar. Pertanian kota ini pun mampu menambah serapan karbon dan menyediakan oksigen bagi penduduknya sebagai salah satu ruang terbuka hijau yang produktif. Oleh karena itu, pertanian kota lebih signifikan dampaknya pada penambah keindahan kota dan penyerap karbon dari sektor lain.
تأثير رأس المال الاجنبي المودع في القيمة السوقة للشركة دراسة تطبيقية في عينة من الشركات المدرجة في سوق العراق للأوراق المالية للمدة (2012-2020)
Authors: محمد مطرود م.د لميس , عبدالصاحب يارا أ.م.د سمير , موسى جاسم م.د اسيل
Published: December 2021

The research aims to measure the impact of the capital deposited for non-Iraqi investors and the investor in the shares of companies listed in the Iraqi Stock Exchange on the market value of those companies, as well as studying the impact of the total foreign capital deposited in the sectors listed in the market on the market value of those sectors, and analyzing the value of the capital deposited and the market value of the sample companies. To achieve the research objective, (15) listed companies were selected for the period (2012-2020). The research relied on four main hypotheses, the most important of which is “there is no significant effect of deposited foreign capital on the market value of companies.” The results of the (F) statistical test revealed the presence of the effect of deposited capital for non-Iraqis on the market value of companies.
Adopting Learning Analytics in a First-Year Veterinarian Professional Program: What We Could Know in Advance about Student Learning Progress
Authors: Weng Wenting , Ritter Nicola L. , Cornell Karen , Gonzales Molly
Published: December 2021

Over the past decade, the field of education has seen stark changes in the way that data are collected and leveraged to support high-stakes decision-making. Utilizing big data as a meaningful lens to inform teaching and learning can increase academic success. Data-driven research has been conducted to understand student learning performance, such as predicting at-risk students at an early stage and recommending tailored interventions to support services. However, few studies in veterinary education have adopted Learning Analytics. This article examines the adoption of Learning Analytics by using the retrospective data from the first-year professional Doctor of Veterinary Medicine program. The article gives detailed examples of predicting six courses from week 0 (i.e., before the classes started) to week 14 in the semester of Spring 2018. The weekly models for each course showed the change of prediction results as well as the comparison between the prediction results and students’ actual performance. From the prediction models, at-risk students were successfully identified at the early stage, which would help inform instructors to pay more attention to them at this point.
Türk Veteriner Fakültesi Öğrencilerinin İletişim Yeterlikleri Algısının Cinsiyet Farklılıklarına Göre Analizi
Authors: Ünsal Adaca Aytaç
Published: December 2021

İletişim becerileri, bir öğrencinin iletişim kurma yeteneği ile empati becerisini arttırabilmesi nedeniyle diğer klinik beceriler arasında önemli bir yere sahip olan öğretilebilir ve öğrenilebilir becerilerdir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, veteriner fakültesi son sınıf öğrencilerinin iletişim konusunda kendilerini nasıl değerlendirdiklerini ve cinsiyetin bu algı üzerinde bir etkisi olup olmadığını belirlemektir. Çalışma 128 gönüllü öğrenci ile 30 sorudan oluşan İletişim Yeterlilik Ölçeği kullanılarak gerçekleştirilmiş, bağımsız örneklemlerde t-testi ile istatistiksel değerlendirme yapılmıştır. Yapılan değerlendirmeye göre, tüm katılımcılar arasında erkeklerin en yüksek puanı, kadınlar en düşük puanı aldığı görülmüştür. Ancak kadın ve erkeklerin toplam puanları arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı fark bulunamamıştır (p=0.605). Kadın ve erkekler arasında sosyal yeterlilik, empati yeterliği ve uyum yeterliği açısından anlamlı fark bulunmuştur. Kadınlar empati yeterliğinde, erkekler ise sosyal yeterlilik ve uyum yeterliğinde daha yüksek puan almıştır. İletişim yeterlikleri algısı bakımından kadınlar kendilerini daha empatik, erkekler ise daha sosyal ve uyumlu bulmuştur. Bu çalışma Türk veteriner fakültesi öğrencilerinin iletişim yeterlikleri konusunda öz algılarını yansıtan ilk çalışma olması bakımından önemlidir. İletişim becerileri eğitimi Türkiye’de veteriner fakülteleri müfredatında daha güçlü hale gelecek ve bu konu ileri araştırmaların yapılmasını teşvik edecektir.
A new species of the genus Holocentropus (Trichoptera: Polycentropodidae) from Rovno amber
Authors: Melnitsky S.I. , Ivanov V.D. , Perkovsky E.E.
Published: December 2021

A new caddisfly species Holocentropus tutkaktut sp. nov. (Polycentropodidae) is described from Priabonian Rovno amber (Upper Eocene, 33.9–37.8 million years old). With the new species, the family Polycentropodidae is represented in Rovno amber by 19 species, and the genus Holocentropus McLachlan, 1878, by nine species.
Nieuwentijt’s defense of the Bible
Authors: Drozdek Adam
Published: December 2021

In his physico-theological book Nieuwentijt wanted 1. to prove the existence of God and His attributes from the makeup of nature; 2. to prove the veracity of the Bible by showing that many recent scientific discoveries can also be found in the Bible; 3. by showing who God was and by showing the reliability of the Bible in matters of natural knowledge, Nieuwentijt wanted to show that the spiritual message of the Bible related to personal salvation should also be trusted and thus atheists and unbelievers should give in to this message.
Zastosowanie technologii informacyjno-komunikacyjnych w szkolnym nauczaniu religii w świetle najnowszych dokumentów katechetycznych
Authors: Bielinowicz Adam Przemysław
Published: December 2021

Rewolucja technologiczna, która dokonała się w ostatnich dziesięcioleciach, dotyczy w zasadzie wszystkich dziedzin życia, przekroczyła także drzwi szkół. Współcześni nauczyciele, także katecheci, to przeważnie osoby kompetentne informatycznie, które stosują z powodzeniem w swojej pracy cyfrowe narzędzia. Sytuacja ta powinna mieć odzwierciedlenie w najnowszych dokumentach katechetycznych zawierających fundamentalne zasady i wskazania, które nadają kształt nauczaniu religii. W niniejszym opracowaniu przedstawiono wyniki analizy trzech dokumentów: Dyrektorium o katechizacji, Podstawy programowej katechezy Kościoła katolickiego w Polsce, Programu nauczania religii rzymskokatolickiej w przedszkolach i szkołach oraz zaproponowano postulaty dotyczące posługi katechetycznej w odniesieniu do zastosowania technologii informacyjno-komunikacyjnych w szkolnym nauczaniu religii.
Dialogic Basis of the Categories of “Openness” and “Tolerance” to the “Other” in Modern Political Discourse – Martin Buber and Gabriel Marcel
Authors: Kovalchuk Mykhailo , Shypunov Hennadii
Published: December 2021

The article analyzes the dialogical nature of the concepts of “tolerance”, “freedom”, “openness”. The interpretation of the dialogical relationship and the appearance of “Other” in it as opposed to “I” through the prism of the concepts of M. Buber and G. Marcel are analyzed. The impact of philosophers of dialogue on the formation of the modern meaning of the concepts “tolerance”, “other”, “openness” is substantiated. The dialogical methodology of interpersonal communications as one of the options for political interaction is considered. The relation “I-You” and the relation “I-It” as principles of construction of mass communication and interpersonal interaction are investigated. The rise in understanding the “Other” in the context of the type of interaction with it is illustrated. The need for mutual openness to enable tolerance is established. Tolerance is seen as the mutual acceptance of two equal freedoms without a dichotomous division into primary and secondary. On the example of dialogic concepts of M. Buber and G. Marcel, the types of dialogical interaction with the “Other” and the possible interpretation of the “Other”, including its typology, are demonstrated. The influence of dialogic interpretation of intersubjective connection on the formation of modern European values is determined.
Analiza koncepcji pola racjonalności z perspektywy tomistycznego substancjalizmu
Authors: Zhuravskyy Vladyslav
Published: December 2021

Celem autora była analiza koncepcji pola racjonalności Józefa Życińskiego z perspektywy tomistycznego substancjalizmu, zwłaszcza koncepcji bytu wypracowanej przez Mieczysława A. Krąpca oraz jego współpracowników i uczniów. W pierwszym punkcie została przedstawiona J. Życińskiego koncepcja pola racjonalno[1]ści. Następnie – w drugim punkcie – zostały omówione: stanowisko substancjalizmu prezentowane przez lubelskich tomistów oraz św. Tomasza z Akwinu koncepcja idei. W ostatnim punkcie z analiz dotyczących rozumienia statusu ontycznego praw przyro[1]dy w ramach niektórych teorii tomistycznego substancjalizmu zostały wyciągnięte na[1]stępujące wnioski: 1) uniwersum możliwych stanów fizycznych nie istnieje jako pewna idea ogólna w Bogu, lecz jest odwiecznym zamysłem Boga, należącym do istoty Boga; 2) prawa przyrody nie istnieją samoistnie, lecz są zapodmiotowane w konkretnych jed[1]nostkowych rzeczach i istnieją w sposób jednostkowy, a nie ogólny; 3) pojawienie się nowych praw przyrody we wszechświecie może być jedynie spowodowane powstaniem jednostek nowego gatunku lub rodzaju.
Reception of Francis Hutcheson’s Views in Immanuel Kant’s Philosophy of the Power of Judgment
Authors: Śliwa Marta
Published: December 2021

The following dissertation aims at presenting the dependencies between the aesthetic theory by the Scottish philosopher Francis Hutcheson and the critic philosophy by Immanuel Kant. Those issues seem to be worth discussing in the light of some new research into the British aesthetics: particularly, for its significance in the field of newly created domain that aesthetic has become after Alexander Baumgarten and, mostly, after critical philosophy by Immanuel Kant. The comparison of the views held by Hutcheson and Kant shows the importance of the theory of beauty presented by the Scottish philosopher that results not only from his acknowledging the epistemological significance of an aesthetic experience and accepting that it is conditioned by disinterestedness of perception. What is important is Hutcheson’s place in the evolution of the concept of aesthetics, which took place in the 18th century and which was crowned by Kant and his Critique of the Power of Judgment.
Umiejętność korzystania z mediów i bezpieczeństwo informacji w edukacji
Authors: Terepyshchyi Serhii , Kostenko Anastasiia
Published: December 2021

Autorzy podjęli w artykule kwestię umiejętności korzystania z mediów w odniesieniu do szczególnej grupy dorosłych, jaką są edukatorzy. Okazuje się, że osoby, które uczą młode pokolenie krytycznego myślenia, sami nie są wolni od zagrożeń związanych z atakami medialnymi na samych siebie i narażeni są na manipulację. Autorzy dowodzą, że obecnie dysponowanie odpowiednią umiejętnością korzystania z mediów przez człowieka jest nie mniej ważne niż wcześniejsze formy alfabetyzacji. W środowisku nowoczesnych sieci mediów komunikacyjnych nie wystarczy jedynie najprostsza alfabetyzacja funkcjonalna, konieczne jest głębsze zrozumienie natury i globalnej siły interaktywności. Chociaż umiejętność korzystania z mediów można rozumieć na wiele sposobów, to jednak zasadniczo oznacza ona rozszerzanie nabywanej we wczesnych etapach edukacji młodego człowieka umiejętności czytania i pisania. Autorzy postulują potrzebę wprowadzenia efektywnego systemu edukacji medialnej dorosłych, aby dzięki temu znacząco został poprawiony poziom bezpieczeństwa informacji w społeczeństwie.
Paradygmat naukowej edukacji: próba eksplikacji filozoficznych i pojęciowych założeń
Authors: Aleksandrova Yuliia
Published: December 2021

W artykule przedstawiono problematykę dotyczącą paradygmatu nauczania przedmiotów ścisłych, który rozszerza tradycyjne rozumienie celu edukacji jako doświadczenia ludzkości zdobytego w drodze niekończącego się postępu i rozwoju. Wskazano, że pragmatyczna filozofia J. Deweya, podobnie jak cała współczesna epistemologia, przyjmuje, że celem poznawczym procesów ustalania i utwierdzania znaczenia jest wartościowo-pragmatyczne skonfrontowanie zdobytej wiedzy. Z tego wynika, że w procesie badawczym mają miejsce określone stanowiska filozoficzne: subiektywizm jako indywidualne poszukiwanie nowatorskiego sposobu rozwiązania problemu oraz obiektywizm, odzwierciedlający depersonifikację procedur i metod eksperymentalnych, zaś konsensus w tym kontekście oznacza używanie sformalizowanego języka do publikowania wyników. Zgodnie z zasadami konstruktywizmu, sam proces edukacji należy traktować jako konstrukcję pewnego typu światopoglądu, oceny i zachowania. Uczenie się, zgodnie z paradygmatem nauczania przedmiotów ścisłych, jest konkretyzacją i interpretacją trwałych praktyk dyskursywnych społeczeństwa, a proces edukacyjny – interakcją w procesie wyznaczania zbiorowego sposobu definiowania i rozumienia zjawisk i procesów. W nauczaniu przedmiotów ścisłych postuluje się odrzucenie tradycyjnie utrwalonych praktyk akademickiego teoretyzowania oraz bezkrytycznego przyjęcia stanowiska autorytetu, gdyż zamiast tego następuje problematyzacja zasadniczego dyskursu.
Wirtualna platforma edukacyjnego instytucjonalizmu w kontekście przemian społecznych
Authors: Zhukova Galіna , Mordous Iryna
Published: December 2021

W artykule przedstawiono teoretyczne aspekty edukacyjnego instytucjonalizmu w kontekście wirtualizacji procesu edukacji, które zostały zaktualizowane na skutek współczesnych wyzwań społecznych związanych z pandemią COVID-19. Sformułowane przez autorów wnioski wskazują na istniejące zagrożenia dla podejść instytucjonalnych w edukacji, zwłaszcza w kontekście ich przemian podążających w kierunku wirtualizacji. Wirtualno-cyfrowa transformacja edukacji to nie tylko wiele zmian w zakresie innowacyjno-technicznych, pedagogicznych, zarządczych, ekonomicznych, finansowych aspektów, ale także w zakresie wartości. Sytuacyjne społeczno-edukacyjne doświadczenie korzystania z wirtualnych platform potwierdziło potrzebę systematycznego badania wirtualizacji środowiska edukacyjnego w ramach teorii instytucjonalizmu i jej konceptualizacji w celu stworzenia alternatywnych podejść do już istniejących technologii sprawnego funkcjonowania systemów edukacji.
Factor XI deficiency and delayed hemorrhages after resection of choroid plexus papilloma: illustrative case
Authors: Mancarella Cristina , Marini Alessandra , Severino Rocco , Missori Paolo , Santoro Cristina , Paolini Sergio
Published: December 2021

BACKGROUND

Factor XI deficiency, also known as hemophilia C, is a rare inherited bleeding disorder that may leave routine coagulation parameters within normal range. Depending on the mutation subtype, prolonged activated partial thromboplastin time may occasionally be found. The disease has an autosomal transmission, with an estimated prevalence in the general population of approximately 1 in 1 million. Heterozygosis accounts for partial deficits, but the tendency to bleed is unrelated to the measured activity of factor XI. Diagnosis usually follows unexpected hemorrhages occurring spontaneously or after trauma or surgical procedures.

OBSERVATIONS

Few cases have been reported in the neurosurgical literature, all occurring spontaneously or after head trauma. Owing to its subtle features, the true incidence of the disease is probably underestimated. The authors report a case of a patient with previously undiagnosed factor XI deficiency who underwent uncomplicated resection of a fourth-ventricle papilloma and experienced delayed, severe hemorrhagic complications.

LESSONS

The known association between choroid plexus tumors and intracranial bleeding raised differential diagnosis issues. This report may serve to help to investigate delayed hemorrhages after cranial surgery.
Traumatic sacral dermoid cyst rupture with intracranial subarachnoid seeding of lipid particles: illustrative case
Authors: Perdomo-Pantoja Alexander , Zakaria Hesham Mostafa , Judy Brendan F. , Khalifeh Jawad M. , Porras Jose L. , Azad Tej D. , Hwang Brian Y. , Witham Timothy F. , Bettegowda Chetan , Theodore Nicholas
Published: December 2021

BACKGROUND

Intracranial deposits of fat droplets are an unusual presentation of a spinal dermoid cyst after spontaneous rupture and are even more uncommon after trauma. Here, the authors present a case with this rare clinical presentation, along with a systematic review of the literature to guide decision making in these patients.

OBSERVATIONS

A 54-year-old woman with Lynch syndrome presented with severe headache and sacrococcygeal pain after a traumatic fall. Computed tomography of the head revealed multifocal intraventricular and intracisternal fat deposits, which were confirmed by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the neuroaxis; in addition, a ruptured multiloculated cyst was identified within the sacral canal with proteinaceous/hemorrhagic debris, most consistent with a sacral dermoid cyst with rupture into the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) space. An unruptured sacral cyst was later noted on numerous previous MRI scans. In our systematic review, we identified 20 similar cases, most of which favored surgical treatment.

LESSONS

Rupture of an intraspinal dermoid cyst must be considered when intracranial fat deposits are found in the context of cauda equina syndrome, meningism, or hydrocephalus. Complete tumor removal with close postoperative follow-up is recommended to decrease the risk of complications. CSF diversion must be prioritized if life-threatening hydrocephalus is present.
A novel technique for fence-post tube placement in glioma using the robot-guided frameless neuronavigation technique under exoscope surgery: patient series
Authors: Koizumi Shinichiro , Shiraishi Yuki , Makita Ippei , Kadowaki Makoto , Sameshima Tetsuro , Kurozumi Kazuhiko
Published: December 2021

BACKGROUND

Robotic technology is increasingly used in neurosurgery. The authors reported a new technique for fence-post tube placement using robot-guided frameless stereotaxic technology with neuronavigation in patients with glioma.

OBSERVATIONS

Surgery was performed using the StealthStation S8 linked to the Stealth Autoguide cranial robotic guidance platform and a high-resolution three-dimensional (3D) surgical microscope. A surgical plan was created to determine the removal area using fence-post tube placement at the tumor and normal brain tissue boundary. Using this surgical plan, the robotic system allowed quick and accurate fence-post tube positioning, automatic alignment of the needle insertion and measurement positions in the brain, and quick and accurate puncture needle insertion into the brain tumor. Use of a ventricular drainage tube for the outer needle cylinder allowed placement of the puncture needle in a single operation. Furthermore, use of a high-resolution 3D exoscope allowed the surgeon to simultaneously view the surgical field image and the navigation screen with minimal line-of-sight movement, which improved operative safety. The position memory function of the 3D exoscope allowed easy switching between the exoscope and the microscope and optimal field of view adjustment.

LESSONS

Fence-post tube placement using robot-guided frameless stereotaxic technology, neuronavigation, and an exoscope allows precise glioma resection.
Traumatic aneurysm at the superior cerebellar artery: illustrative case
Authors: Yeap Mun-Chun , Chung Meng-Wu , Chen Chun-Ting
Published: December 2021

BACKGROUND

Traumatic aneurysms at the superior cerebellar arteries after head injury are extremely rare and may be overlooked. Rupture of these aneurysms can cause fatal intracranial hemorrhages; thus, early identification of the entity helps prevent detrimental outcomes.

OBSERVATIONS

A patient suffered from sudden severe headache and decreased consciousness level several weeks after a blunt head injury. He received surgery to remove a progressive enlarging subdural hematoma. The diagnosis of a traumatic aneurysm at the superior cerebellar artery was delayed, made only after a recurrent subdural hemorrhage occurred. He received another surgery to obliterate the aneurysm.

LESSONS

The patient could have been treated earlier if traumatic aneurysm had been suspected in the beginning. In addition to the case, the authors also reviewed the literature to clarify the pathophysiology, clinical presentation, diagnosis, and management of the disease.
Sektor svinjogojstva u okvirima agrarne i ruralne politike
Authors: Stupnišek Ivan , Jež Rogelj Mateja , Franić Ramona
Published: December 2021

Die Viehzucht, insbesondere die Schweinezucht, spielt eine wichtige Rolle in der globalen und europäischen Landwirtschaft. Die EU ist derzeit der weltweit führende Exporteur von Schweinefleischprodukten, wobei die Exporte durch die rückläufige Produktion in Asien weiter angekurbelt werden. Das Ziel dieser Arbeit ist es, die Schweineproduktion in Kroatien und in der Europäischen Union (EU) im Zeitraum von 2011 bis 2020 darzustellen. Außerdem sollen die Auswirkungen des EU-Beitritts und der Maßnahmen der Gemeinsamen Agrarpolitik auf den Schweinesektor in Kroatien bestimmt werden. Die Anzahl der Schweine in der EU-27 und in Kroatien ist in diesem Zeitraum rückläufig. Ausnahmen sind Spanien und Dänemark, wo die Zahl der Schweine in diesem Zeitraum steigt. Vor dem EU-Beitritt Kroatiens behaupteten einige Autoren, dass es durch den Eintritt in den freien Markt der Union eine Perspektive für die Schweinezucht gibt, vor allem mit dem Schwerpunkt auf der Haltung und dem Wohlergehen der Tiere, basierend auf den Prinzipien der ökologischen Landwirtschaft; das wurde jedoch bis jetzt nicht ausreichend genutzt und die wirtschaftlichen Ergebnisse sind immer noch schlechter als die Ergebnisse der entwickelteren Länder.
Oznake zemljopisnog porijekla poljoprivrednih i prehrambenih proizvoda
Authors: Knežević Nada , Dodlek Šarkanj Ivana , Čosić Jasenka , Vrandečić Karolina , Palfi Marina
Published: December 2021

Potrošači pomnije biraju proizvode koje kupuju i sve više pažnje posvećuju autohtonim poljoprivrednim i prehrambenim proizvodima zaštićenim oznakama na nacionalnoj i europskoj razini. Svojim zakonodavnim okvirom EU nastoji zaštiti vrijednost tih proizvoda odgovarajućim oznakama izvornosti (ZOI), zemljopisnoga podrijetla (ZOZP) i zajamčeno tradicionalnog specijaliteta (ZTS). Svi proizvodi zaštićeni oznakama ZOI, ZOZP i ZTS na razini EU nalaze se u bazi podataka eAmbrosia – the EU geographical indications register. Republika Hrvatska je do sada zaštitila 31 proizvod od čega 14 proizvoda oznakom ZOI i 17 proizvoda oznakom ZOZP. Ostale zakonski regulirane sheme certificiranja u EU i/ili dobrovoljni sustavi certificiranja na nacionalnoj razini kao i oni kojima upravljaju privatni subjekti također imaju svrhu pomoći potrošačima u odabiru proizvoda koji kupuju. U cilju veće prepoznatljivosti i promidžbe domaćih poljoprivrednih i prehrambenih proizvoda Republika Hrvatska je uspostavila nacionalni sustav kvalitete poljoprivrednih i prehrambenih proizvoda putem jedinstvene prepoznatljive oznake - "Dokazana kvaliteta". Kako bi privukli još veću pažnju potrošača za takve proizvode potrebna su dodatna ulaganja u promoviranje i edukaciju potrošača na nacionalnom i međunarodnom tržištu.
Projects of Colonization of Algeria During the Early French Occupation (1830–1834)
Authors: Prusskaya Evgeniya
Published: December 2021

After the French invasion of Algeria in 1830 and with the further conquest of North African lands, the share of the European population in the conquered territories was constantly increasing. At the same time, at the early stage of the French occupation of Algeria in 1830-1834, the fate of the lands seized by the French was not resolved, and there were different solutions to the “Algerian question”. This period has not received sufficient coverage in historiography. This article examines plans for the colonization and further development of Algeria on the materials of the Archives nationales d'outre-mer in Aix-en-Provence (A.N.O.M. F 80/1161), containing many projects dedicated to the colonization of the country, which were sent by French citizens for consideration in the Chamber of Deputies in the period 1830–1834. An auxiliary source used in the article is the published transcripts of the debates in the French Parliament. The projects of colonization were various and mostly utopian, and the authors themselves did not have clear understanding of the natural, ethno-confessional, and social realities of the country in which they proposed to establish a colony. The analysis of the archival materials revealed a wide cross-section of opinions on the structure of the future colony in Algeria and demonstrated the aspirations of the French of that time to regain the prestige of France in the international arena, to get a rich colony, and to evict the “inconvenient” population, i.e. prisoners, the poor, the unemployed, and emigrants to Algeria.
Current bioethical problems and their legal dimension
Authors: Kapinus Oksana S.
Published: December 2021

Considering the contemporary bioethical problems that have become aggravated in conditions of the new coronavirus pandemic (COVID-19), the author comes to the conclusion that their criminal-legal “dimension” is derived from positive regulation. Criminal liability for acts related to the use of new biotechnologies can be established only if they are “primary” prohibited in medical legislation. The assessment of the justification of the risks of medical intervention from the position of art. 41 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation is directly linked with the observance of the rules of medical care, which already contain acceptable risk limits. If at the level of primary positive regulation there is no required legal distinctness (as in the situation with the “collision of lives” of patients with the same medical indicators), then the corresponding bioethical problem cannot be resolved by criminal legal means.
Some legal issues of medical privacy in psychiatric practice
Authors: Polubinskaya Svetlana V.
Published: December 2021

The article discusses a number of issues associated with medical privacy in psychiatry, including forensic psychiatric evaluation. Current Law of the Russian Federation “On Psychiatric Care and Guarantees of Citizens’ Rights in Its Provision” requires taking into account the mental state of a person with a mental disorder when informing him about his mental health condition. However this rule misses new realities of digital health and is not included into the legislation on protection of citizens’ health. It is hardly possible to realize in practice and it needs an additional and established by law mechanism of access to medical records, considering specific properties of psychiatric patients. Problems also arise with a mentally disordered person's access to his forensic psychiatric medical record. On the one hand, the report of forensic psychiatric evaluation is an evidence in the court case, and the procedure for its disclosure is regulated by procedural legislation and legislation on state forensic expert activities. On the other hand, the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation considers such a report as a medical document, for which the rules of legislation on protection of citizens’ health apply. In this paper the authors propose the solution to this dilemma that requires corrections in the position of the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation. The authors analyze the history of legislation on medical privacy and draw attention to obvious long-term trend that shows in continuing expansion of the range of persons who have right to access such information without consent of the citizen concerned. The authors conclude that medical privacy is gradually losing the nature of the right guaranteed by federal law. Especially worrying are the attempts of a number of state bodies and officials to obtain information about mental health of unspecified groups of people. Too many third parties already have access to medical information for various reasons, and the number is growing with introduction of digital health information systems. The authors come to conclusion that such a development can lead to serious negative consequences for the legally guaranteed rights of citizens and stress the importance of special attention to protection of medical information, including measures against unlawful access and possible leaks.
Der permanente Fiskalvertrag. Die steuerdemokratische Effizienz kollektiver Güter bei Knut Wicksell und James M. Buchanan
Authors: Huhnholz Sebastian
Published: December 2021

Die konstitutionenökonomische Vertragstheorie James M. Buchanans (1919–2013) gilt als einflussreiche Ideologie neoliberaler Austeritätsregime. In Abgrenzung von der expansiven Wohlfahrtsökonomik der zweiten letzten Jahrhunderthälfte begründete Buchanans staatsbildender, -ermächtigender und -begrenzender Kontraktualismus allerdings auch eine steuerstaatsorientierte Demokratietheorie öffentlicher Güter. Mit Rückgriff auf das progressive Werk Knut Wicksells (1851–1926) empfahl Buchanan ein Wohlfahrtskriterium, das aus politischer Einstimmigkeit und subjektivistischem Effizienzkalkül ein Nutzleistungsoptimum für die Bereitstellung von Kollektivgütern konstruierte. Damit sollte eine majoritäre oder autoritäre Überwälzung laufender Demokratiekosten auf Minderheiten, Unbeteiligte oder ungedeckte Quellen konstitutionell behindert sowie budgetäre Transparenz, fiskalische Souveränität und steuerbürgerliche Belastungsfairness prozedural gewährleistet werden. Sowohl die vertragstheoretische Rezeption wie auch die politische Ideologiekritik haben diesen von Wicksell übernommenen steuerstaatlichen Demokratisierungsimpuls von Buchanans Werk weithin vernachlässigt – dabei ist die Frage, ob demokratische Institutionen auf eine fiskalische Selbstverpflichtung aller freiwillig verfassungsunterworfenen Individuen existentiell angewiesen sind, heute wieder sehr aktuell.
Unusual optical centres in fancy brown diamonds
Authors: Dorofeeva A. I. , Titkov S. V.
Published: December 2021

Background. Natural brown diamonds with fancy yellow, orange, red and green tints are valuable jewelry raw materials. Their colour is associated with post-crystallisation plastic deformation occurring during transportation from the mantle to the Earth’s surface.Aim. To study point defects in plastically deformed diamonds using optical and IR spectroscopy.Materials and methods. Faceted brown diamonds with fancy tints presented on the Russian market were studied spectroscopically. Selected samples were examined using UV-visible optical absorption spectroscopy and IR spectroscopy.Results. We discovered unusual optical centres in the absorption spectra of the UV-visible region. In addition, the known continuous absorption increasing from the red to the ultraviolet region of the spectrum, as well as the N3 and H3 nitrogen centres and a band at 550 nm, were revealed. In the spectra of yellowish-brown diamonds, the bands at 512.9 nm and 519.9 nm and an accompanying broad band with a maximum of 480 nm were found. The appearance of a yellowish tint of crystals was associated with these optical centres. The bands 506.5 nm, 516.1 nm and 679.7 nm were established in the spectrum of orange-brown diamond samples. An additional absorption continuum associated with single nitrogen atoms and centres (NV)– were observed in greenish-brown diamond samples. Their simultaneous presence causes the appearance of a greenish tint in the diamond colour.Conclusion. The information obtained using IR spectroscopy indicates that an intense brown colour can occur not only in the most common Ia type crystals according to the physical classification of diamonds, but also in relatively rare Ib + IaA type diamonds.
Geological structure of central Vietnam by interpretation processing of gravitational survey data using the “COSCAD 3D” computer technology
Authors: Phan T. H. , Petrov A. V. , Do M. Ph. , Lai M. G. , Nguyen T. L.
Published: December 2021

Background. The central regions of Vietnam are of strategic importance for the Republic, being, in fact, the gateway to the ASEAN countries. Investing in the exploration and evaluation of mineral resources, in particular ore minerals hidden at great depths, is a specific and necessary task for the country.Aim. To clarify the structural-tectonic scheme of the analysed area and to identify the main fault systems and zoning of the Central Vietnam area by the gravitational field based on classification algorithms.Materials and methods. The objectives were achieved by assessing the total gradient of the gravitational field, analysing the distribution of the field variance and the results of tracing the axes of the gravitational field anomaly. Interpretation processing of gravity data was carried out using the “COSCAD 3D” computer technology of statistical and spectral correlation data analysis.Results. The defined fault systems, which play an important role in the processes of mineral formation, have a northwestern, northeastern and latitudinal strike. The zoning of the study area according to the gravitational field, its characteristics and available geological information made it possible to identify 13 homogeneous areas. Each area is characterised by a certain level of gravitational field, the values of dispersion and total field gradient, as well as correlations between attributes. The classification results confirms the complexity of the geological structure of the area under study and the presence of three main strikes of the systems of tectonic dislocations – northwestern, northeastern and latitudinal.Conclusions. A large number of tectonic dislocations of various strikes and intensities, revealed using the methods of the probabilistic-statistical approach, implemented in the “COSCAD 3D” computer technology, indicates that the area under study is promising in terms of ore deposits.