bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Bhatia Nidhi , Grewal Anju
Published: October 2021

A randomized controlled trial (RCT) is a prospective, comparative, quantitative experiment/study that is performed under controlled conditions with random allocation of interventions to comparison groups. Among all the clinical study designs, evidence generated from RCTs is considered to be at top of the evidence pyramid. There are many different RCT designs and they can be classified on the basis of interventions evaluated, participants’ exposure and level of blinding. All RCTs should be planned prospectively, a research question should be formulated, sample population approached and informed consent obtained from participants of the trial. These consented subjects are randomly assigned to any of the study arms and the changes are then measured over time. The basic principles to designing an RCT include formulating a research question, developing a protocol, randomization, allocation concealment, blinding, sample size calculation and registering of RCTs. Appropriate guidelines for reporting RCTs should be followed and RCTs should only be conducted if they are ethically viable, economical and clinically worthwhile.
Keywords: Randomised Control Trial (RCT)
Combining Long-Short Term Memory and Reinforcement Learning for Improved Autonomous Network Operation
Authors: Tabatabaeimehr Fatemehsadat , Barzegar Sima , Ruiz Marc , Velasco Luis
Published: October 2021

A combined LSTM and RL approach is proposed for dynamic connection capacity allocation. The LSTM predictor anticipates periodical long-term sharp traffic changes and extends short-term RL knowledge. Numerical results show remarkable performance.
Naohidemyces vaccinii sporulates on wild species of ground flora in Finnish Norway spruce seed orchards but Thekopsora areolata does not on other species than Prunus
Authors: Kaitera Juha , Aarnio Leena , Ylioja Tiina , Karhu Jouni
Published: October 2021

Thekopsora areolata
Picea abies
Picea
T. areolata
T. areolata
Vaccinium myrtillus
V. vitis-idaea
Empetrum nigrum
Calluna vulgaris
Thekopsora areolata
Thekopsora
2
T. areolata
V. myrtillus
V. vitis-idaea
V. myrtillus
V. vitis-idaea
V. myrtillus
V. vitis-idaea
Naohidemyces vaccinii
Vaccinium
T. areolata
Prunus
Antibacterial Activity of Borassus flabellifer Vinegar-Graphene
Quantum Dots Against Gram-Positive and Gram-Negative Bacteria
Authors: Noypha Amnuay , Porrawatkul Paweena , Teppaya Nongyao , Rattanaburi Parintip , Chanthai Saksit , Nuengmatcha Prawit
Published: October 2021

Borassus flabellifer vinegar–graphene quantum dots (BFV-GQDs) were successfully synthesized using
a pyrolysis method with Borassus flabellifer vinegar (BFV) as the precursor. All the samples were
characterized using ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometry (UV-Vis), scanning electron microscopy
(SEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). The antibacterial activities of BFV-GQDs
against strains of Gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli) and Gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus
aureus) were determined using the agar well diffusion method for preliminary screening, while
minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) were
determined using the broth macro-dilution method. The zones of inhibition were compared with those
of citric acid–graphene quantum dots (CA-GQDs). It was observed that the synthesized BFV-GQDs
demonstrated excellent antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus (82.3%) and good
antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli (73.3%). The MIC of BFV-GQDs against E. coli was
6.25 mg/mL and S. aureus was 12.5 mg/mL, whereas the MBC of BFV-GQDs against E. coli was
12.5 mg/mL and S. aureus was 25.0 mg/mL.
Thermoelectric Power of Silver Telluride Thin Films and its Thermal Conductivity Applications
Authors: Nawaz M. Prem , Palanivelu M. , Karunanithy M. , Banu A. Afroos , Ayeshamariam A. , Kaviyarasu K.
Published: October 2021

The hydrothermal technique was used to create straight single crystal silver telluride nanowires with
a diameter of around 200 nm and a length of up to micrometers of decades. There has been no template
or surfactant used in the process. As-synthesized products are high purity and well-crystallized,
confirmed by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectrum,
transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and a high-resolution SAED pattern. Differential scanning
calorimetry was used to observe the reversible structural phase shift from the low-temperature
monoclinic structure to the high-temperature face-centered cubic structure. Furthermore, the dramatic
drop in electrical current in a single nanowire at the phase transition temperature is revealed, paving
the way for future research into the manufacturing of one-dimensional nanoscale devices. Silver telluride
(Ag2Te) has large thermoelectric coefficients and it was tested by using resistor graph and calculated
the values of it, thermal conductivity and Seebeck coefficient were discussed with respect to the
temperature of thin films. Semiconductors were superior thermoelectric material due to higher ratio of
electrical and thermal conductivities. Therefore, the AgTe thin films deposited on indium tin oxide
(ITO) substrates were employed, thermoelectric power and thermal conductivity measurements,
respectively.
Tényleg boldog a karácsony? A karácsonyi stressz (stressmas) átélése a fiatal felnőttek szemszögéből
Authors: Hegedűs Dóra , Mitev Ariel Zoltán
Published: October 2021

A materializmus és globalizáció térnyerése nemcsak a gazdasági folyamatokat változtatta meg, hanem a fogyasztói szokásokat, s így az ünnepeket is. A karácsonyra is másképp tekint az ember, amióta az ünnep szekularizációja elkezdődött, és amióta a fogyasztói társadalom hatására a fogyasztás nagy léptékű növekedésnek indult. Karácsony környékén egyre elterjedtebb a karácsonyi stressz, mely az ünnep iránti vágyakozást és az ünnep élvezetét befolyásolja. A cikk célja annak feltárása, hogy a karácsonyi stressz mely tényezői hatnak a fiatal felnőttek ünnepi készülődésére, hogyan befolyásolja az ünnep élvezetét. Mindezen kérdésekre ZMET-típusú mélyinterjúk segítségével keresi a választ a szerző, mely a résztvevők mélyebb gondolatait segíti feltárni. A cikkben választ ad arra a szerző, hogyan lehet csökkenteni a stresszt az év legnagyobb ünnepe környékén, hogyan legyen meghitt és boldog a karácsony.
Problem Solving Performance in Physics Among Secondary School Students in Dire Dawa Ethiopia
Authors: Jibril Mustefa
Published: October 2021

The main aim of this study was to assess problem solving performance in physics of grade 9th students. A test of reasoning was administered to a sample of 578 students. The results show differential performance of the students. Question based performance with background variable as school sector shows that performance of private school students was significantly better than students of public schools. Similarly female private school students performed well than male private school students.
The Criminal Law To Come. Brief Considerations On The Possible Use Of The AI (And Big Data) To Prevent The Risk Of Unintentional Disasters.
Authors: Di Florio Mattia
Published: October 2021

The

paper dwells on the impact of new tecnologies, in particular the artificial intelligence, in a somewhat original perspective that is not related to the theme of predictive justice, but the forthcoming “reflections” on criminal fault. The author draws inspiration from some (more or less) recent cases of unintentional disaster to examine the possible concrete effects of the artificial intelligence on the criminal fault, referring to the “weak” meaning of artificial intelligence. It is desiderable that, in the near future, the use of the artificial intelligence will allow to reduce the incidence of human conduct on the verification of
unintentional disasters.
Mpemba Effect- the Effect of Time
Authors: Wang Jianan
Published: October 2021

By analyzing the relation between time and speed, the relation between time and gravitational field, the gravitational redshift of photon and the black-body radiation theorem, the conclusion that time on an object is proportional to the fourth power of the absolute temperature of the object is obtained. Applying the above conclusion about the nature of time, the author analyzes the Mpemba effect and the inverse Mpemba effect, and reaches the following conclusion: the Mpemba effect is the time effect produced when heat flows from objects into space, and the "inverse" Mpemba effect is the time effect produced when heat flows from space into objects.
Open-Source Intelligence (OSINT) and Relationship Building techniques for Frontline Humanitarian Aid Workers
Authors: Alameldeen Ahmed
Published: October 2021

Given the diverse nature of the conflicts around the world as well as the dynamic power relations putting more emphasis on the state and non-state actors, the activities and functionalities of the humanitarian organizations are prone to multiple challenges. A lack of the contextual understanding of the conflict at different levels of analyses, therefore, is fundamental to develop a structural understanding of the conflict and its geopolitical realities. The Front-line Humanitarian Aid workers need to develop diplomatic relationship with the native or the indigenous elements in the power amidst the conflict situation to communicate their mandate, and ensure cross-level humanitarian assistance. This communication and the relationship between the Interlocutors and the subjects need to be a two-way process where the information flow is smooth and transparent. Moreover, media tracking and monitoring via different digital avenues and the coding of information to create a valuable input can contribute to cope up with the posed challenges. These techniques in addition to the recommendations for the strength and optimization of the Network of the Interlocutors has been presented in the paper with the information based on empirical knowledge, primary, and secondary sources. The purpose is to provide the Front-line Humanitarian Aid workers in their humanitarian operations with new insights and relevant information to function properly. Moreover, the recommendations can also contribute to the efforts of the Humanitarian organizations to improve their acceptance and perception.
Valences and sense of personal autonomy with regard to professional development in Dutch primary teachers: Do decision contexts and age make a difference?
Authors: Glastra Folke J. , De Brabander Cornelis J.
Published: October 2021

In this study on motivations concerning professional development (PD) we interviewed 95 primary school teachers in the Netherlands. We coded these data using the Unified Model of Task-specific Motivation (de Brabander & Martens, 2014) in different decision contexts concerning who decides about teacher participation in PD: school board, teacher teams, or individual teachers. We analysed the valences that teachers associated with PD activities, their experiences of autonomy, and whether and how these variables were affected by decision context and teacher age. Results show that decision contexts relate differently to valences and autonomy experiences. Positive autonomy and positive valences increased going from schoolboard to team to individual decision contexts. Whereas the literature on effective teacher PD stresses the importance of PD design features, our study is the first to empirically demonstrate the crucial influence of decision contexts. Among older teachers, teaching experience informed the selection of PD content to transfer to their classrooms. Younger teachers tended to first explore whether PD worked in their classrooms before deciding about adoption. Direct applicability emerged as a dominant criterion for evaluating PD. Decision context and autonomy regarding PD programmes play important roles in ensuring applicability. Our research revealed that the dominance of the direct applicability criterion was not motivated by student benefits alone. It was also based in an attitude of efficiency among primary teachers, reflecting growing work pressures and a general prioritisation of classroom teaching above all other tasks, including PD.
2-Verma modules
Authors: Naisse Grégoire , Vaz Pedro
Published: October 2021

We construct a categorification of parabolic Verma modules for symmetrizable Kac–Moody algebras using KLR-like diagrammatic algebras.
We show that our construction arises naturally from a dg-enhancement of the cyclotomic quotients of the KLR-algebras.
As a consequence, we are able to recover the usual categorification of integrable modules.
We also introduce a notion of dg-2-representation for quantum Kac–Moody algebras, and in particular of parabolic 2-Verma modules.
VI-modules in non-describing characteristic, part II
Authors: Nagpal Rohit
Published: October 2021

We classify all irreducible generic

VI

{\mathrm{VI}}

-modules in non-describing characteristic.
Our result degenerates to yield a classification of irreducible generic

FI

{\mathrm{FI}}

-modules in arbitrary characteristic. Equivalently, we provide a complete classification of irreducibles of admissible

𝐆𝐋
∞

⁢

(

𝔽
q

)

{\mathbf{GL}_{\infty}(\mathbb{F}_{q})}

-representations in non-describing characteristic, which is new even in characteristic zero. This result degenerates to provide a complete classification of irreducibles of admissible

S
∞

{S_{\infty}}

-representations in arbitrary characteristic, which is new away from characteristic zero.
Unveiling and packaging: A model for presenting philosophy in schools
Authors: Sowey Michelle
Published: October 2021

As a philosopher and a reflective practitioner of philosophy in schools, I explore two aspects of presentation which I call unveiling and packaging. Both aspects bear on the work of designing and facilitating philosophy workshops for school students. I describe unveiling philosophy as a practice of collaborative inquiry and dialogic argument: social processes that foster thinking skills and dispositions, an evaluativist epistemology, and a range of constructive norms. I then discuss packaging philosophical materials in ways that create effective stimuli for thinking. I encourage educators engaged in designing or curating stimuli to draw on the rich diversity of available media, to focus on the quality of both the philosophical content and its creative expression, and to ensure that the content connects with students’ life experiences. I propose five criteria for judging the likely effectiveness of a philosophical stimulus: that it activate emotion, induce perplexity, challenge intuitions, ignite controversy and elicit reasoned argument. I offer three detailed examples of high school philosophy workshops to illustrate the practical application of these criteria, and to illuminate fruitful possibilities for arranging stimuli, including using a Provocation-Complication sequence or arranging stimuli as elements in a more complex puzzle.
The soul of philosophy in a soulless age
Authors: Skrbina David
Published: October 2021

In its original Greek conception, philosophy was intended to promote both wisdom and virtue among society; in this sense, the teaching, or presenting, of philosophy is central to its essence. Socrates and Plato famously grappled with the question of how to impart wisdom and virtue to the learner, with mixed results. One of the standard methods—reading and writing—was argued to be misleading and even deceptive, because it deals with static, ‘dead’ words and ideas rather than with the “living discourse” of one person speaking directly to another. This general critique of certain ‘technologies’ of learning is even more relevant today, in our technological age, where the presenting of philosophy often involves computers, laptops, and the Internet. Such things come to function as addictive drugs—much like the pharmakon that Plato warned of. Philosophy would thus be better served by less use of mediating technologies and by a return to live, interactive, living dialogue between student and teacher.
Ways of life as modes of presentation
Authors: Hollinshead Brylea , Turp Michael-John
Published: October 2021

Books and journal articles have become the dominant modes of presentation in contemporary philosophy. This historically contingent paradigm prioritises textual expression and assumes a distinction between philosophical practice and its presented product. Using Socrates and Diogenes as exemplars, we challenge the presumed supremacy of the text and defend the importance of ways of life as modes of practiced presentation. We argue that text cannot capture the embodied activity of philosophy without remainder, and is therefore limited and incomplete. In particular, we contend that (1) a static text is essentially alienated from our practices of philosophising, (2) words cannot unambiguously represent lives, and (3) practiced presentation enriches our understanding beyond words alone. After discussing some pedagogical implications, we conclude with a plea for a pluralistic approach that recognises lives as legitimate and valuable modes of philosophical presentation.
Presenting philosophy – What science has taught me about it
Authors: Pigliucci Massimo
Published: October 2021

Presenting philosophy properly, in a way that is clear and accessible to our target audience, is of paramount importance. In this essay I draw on my dual experience as a scientist and a philosopher (as well as science and philosophy communicator) to arrive at some general recommendations for good practice. Specifically, I discuss why presentation matters, whether a bad presentation style is a valid criticism of a philosopher’s work, how we may adapt our message to the variety of communication media available today, and what, if any, is the relationship between how we present and how we conceive of philosophy itself.
Making philosophical thought dangerous again: Heidegger’s attack on journalistic writing
Authors: Weidler Markus
Published: October 2021

When it comes to questions about alternative visions for philosophical engagement, Heidegger’s work makes for an interesting case study, especially if we focus on his texts from the turbulent 1930s. As a shortcut into this contested territory, it is instructive to examine Heidegger’s anti-journalistic gestures, centered on the question whether this animosity is bound to drive a wedge between, or rather prompt a re-approximation of, philosophy and public scholarship. To render this programmatic concern more specific, the present essay aims to reassess Heidegger’s profile by considering his account of language as the “most dangerous of goods” bestowed on humans. This theme can serve as an expedient starting point for scrutinizing philosophers’ self-understanding as daring explorers in pursuit of profound insights into the human condition, and their (in)ability to balance excitement and sobriety.
A virtuous circle: Academic expertise and public philosophy
Authors: Wendland Aaron James
Published: October 2021

This essay examines the relationship between academic and public philosophy through the lens of Heidegger studies. Specifically, this essay: shows how Heidegger uses technical terminology within the context of the academy to break new philosophical ground; explains how suitably clarified technical terminology can be used to introduce people to Heidegger’s philosophy and to apply Heidegger’s ideas to current affairs; and illustrates how the application of Heidegger’s ideas to contemporary issues results in new forms of academic research. Ultimately, this essay argues that there is a dialectical relationship between academic and public philosophy: i.e., public philosophy translates esoteric ideas developed in the academy into publicly accessible prose and then applies those ideas to daily life; but in doing so, public philosophy inspires new lines of academic inquiry.
The force of presentation: Policing modes of expression and gatekeeping the status quo
Authors: Vintiadis Elly
Published: October 2021

Today the way philosophical work is presented is very narrowly circumscribed and as a result, this excludes people who do not want to, or cannot effectively, present their work in a particular manner. This canonization of the mode of presentation of philosophical work also serves to maintain the status quo of analytic philosophy as an exclusively academic discipline. In this paper I argue that diversity in how philosophical thinking is presented should be allowed, and even, encouraged. I argue that it is in philosophy’s interest to expand the ways that it is presented, because not doing so not only limits who can participate in philosophy, but it also limits who philosophy attracts and so how far-reaching philosophy can be.
Chinese philosophy: The philosopher as activist
Authors: Schneider Henrique
Published: October 2021

In contemporary academic philosophy, Chinese Philosophy remains a niche. This has a lot to do with its presentation, which often creates an impression of alienness and allegory, making its contribution, especially to analytical questions, not obvious. This paper examines how a change in presentation eases the inclusion of Chinese Philosophy into the mainstream. On the assumption that there has been an “activist turn” in the discipline in general, philosophical interest in a tradition that ranges from conceptual analysis, to ethics and politics, but that is ultimately focused on motivating actions, becomes more relevant and pressing. Since, in much of Chinese Philosophy, the philosopher is an activist, if the wider discipline is indeed undergoing an “activist turn”, then there is a connection here that should be made. In this paper, the connection is explained using two examples, Mozi and Xu Fuguan.
Comparison of vaginal birth outcomes in midwifery-led versus physician-led setting: A propensity score-matched analysis
Authors: Poškienė Ingrida , Vanagas Giedrius , Kirkilytė Asta , Nadišauskienė Rūta Jolanta
Published: October 2021

Background

Experts in many countries are recommending a scaling up midwifery-led care as a model to improve maternal and newborn outcomes, reduce rates of unnecessary interventions, realise cost savings, and facilitate normal spontaneous vaginal birth.

Objective

The aim of this study was to compare midwifery-led and obstetrician-gynaecologist-led care-related vaginal birth outcomes.

Participants

Pregnant women in Kaunas city maternity care facilities.

Methods

A propensity score-matched case–control study of midwifery-led versus physician-led low-risk birth outcomes. Patient characteristics and outcomes were compared between the groups. Continuous variables are presented as mean ± standard deviation and analysed using the Mann–Whitney U test. Categorical and binary variables are presented as frequency (percentage), and differences were analysed using the chi-square test. Analyses were conducted separately for the unmatched (before propensity score matched [PSM]) and matched (after PSM) groups.

Results

After adjusting groups for propensity score, postpartum haemorrhage differences between physician-led and midwifery-led labours were significantly different (169.5 and 152.6 mL; p = 0.026), same for hospital stay duration (3.3 and 3.1 days, p = 0.042). Also, in matched population, significant differences were seen for episiotomy rates (chi2 = 4.8; p = 0.029), newborn Apgar 5 min score (9.58 and 9.76; p = 0.002), and pain relief (chi2 = 14.9; p = 0.002). Significant differences were seen in unmatched but not confirmed in matched population for obstetrical procedures used during labour, breastfeeding, birth induction, newborn Apgar 1 min scores, and successful vaginal birth as an overall spontaneous vaginal birth success measure.

Conclusion

The midwifery-led care model showed significant differences from the physician-led care model in episiotomy rates, hospital stay duration and postpartum haemorrhage, and newborn Apgar 5 min scores. Midwifery-led care is as safe as physician-led care and does not influence the rate of successful spontaneous vaginal births.
The crystal structure of (2a′S,2a1′S,3R,5a′S,7′R)-5-(furan-3-yl)-2a′,2a1′-dihydroxy-7′-methyldecahydro-2H-spiro[furan-3,6′-naphtho[1,8-bc]furan]-2,2′(2a′H)-dione, C19H22O7
Authors: Xu Xin-Ke , Li Can-Jie , Tan Jin-Lin , Zhao Hai-Yue , Lin Qiang , Li Yao-Lan , Zhang Yu-Bo , Wang Guo-Cai
Published: October 2021

C19H22O7, orthorhombic, P21 (no. 4), a = 6.4154(1) Å, b = 7.8782(2) Å, c = 17.1555(4) Å, β = 91.021(2)°, V = 866.93(3) Å3, Z = 2, R

gt
(F) = 0.0326, wR

ref
(F
2) = 0.1028, T = 150 K.
Crystal structure of tetraaqua-(2-(4-formylphenoxy)acetato-k1O)cadmium(II), C18H22O12Cd
Authors: Tai Xi-Shi , Wang Li-Hua
Published: October 2021

C18H22O12Cd, monoclinic,P21/c(no. 14),a = 13.3069(9) Å,b = 9.9041(6) Å,c = 8.1580(5) Å,β = 96.244(10)°,V = 1031.57(12) Å3,Z = 2,Rgt(F) = 0.0216,wRref(F2) = 0.0522, T = 200 K.
Phonetic and phonological vowel reduction in Brazilian Portuguese
Authors: Oh Sejin
Published: October 2021

The present study examines the phonetic and phonological status of vowel reduction in Brazilian Portuguese. In order to compare the effects of duration and metrical structure, we tested the influence of duration on the realization of /a/ in five prosodic positions: word-initial pretonic, word-medial pretonic, tonic, word-medial posttonic, and word-final posttonic. The results revealed that, while both phonetic duration and prosodic position had effects on F1 values for /a/, the categorical effect of prosodic position was much stronger and more reliable. In particular, F1 values for /a/ were best predicted by a two-way distinction between posttonic and non-posttonic syllable positions. Correlations between a vowel’s duration and its F1 frequency were statistically significant but generally weak in all positions. We argue that these findings suggest that vowel reduction in Brazilian Portuguese primarily reflects phonological patterning rather than phonetic undershoot, although there was also evidence for some amount of undershoot. Brazilian Portuguese can therefore be said to have a mixed system of phonological and phonetic reduction. The present study discusses the results in the context of Brazilian Portuguese metrical organization, sound change, and the relation between phonetics and phonology.
Part-II- in silico drug design: application and success
Authors: Begum Shaheen , Shareef Mohammad Zubair , Bharathi Koganti
Published: October 2021

In silico tools have indeed reframed the steps involved in traditional drug discovery and development process and the term in silico has become a familiar term in pharmaceutical sector like the terms in vitro and in vivo. The successful design of HIV protease inhibitors, Saquinavir, Indinavir and other important medicinal agents, initiated interest of researchers in structure based drug design approaches (SBDD). The interactions between biomolecules and a ligand, binding energy, free energy and stability of biomolecule-ligand complex can be envisioned and predicted by applying molecular docking studies. Protein-ligand, protein-protein, DNA-ligand interactions etc. aid in elucidating molecular level mechanisms of drug molecules. In the Ligand based drug design (LBDD) approaches, QSAR studies have tremendously contributed to the development of antimicrobial, anticancer, antimalarial agents. In the recent years, multiQSAR (mt-QSAR) approaches have been successfully employed for designing drugs against multifactorial diseases. Output of a research in several instances is rewarding when both SBDD and LBDD approaches are combined. Application of in silico studies for prediction of pharmacokinetics was once a real challenge but one can see unlimited number publications comprising tools, data bases which can accurately predict almost all the pharmacokinetic parameters. Absorption, distribution, metabolism, transporters, blood brain barrier permeability, hERG toxicity, P-gp affinity and several toxicological end points can be accurately predicted for a candidate molecule before its synthesis. In silico approaches are greatly encouraged a result of growing limitations and new legislations related to the animal use for research. The combined use of in vitro data and in silico tools will definitely decrease the use of animal testing in the future.In this chapter, in silico approaches and their applications are reviewed and discussed giving suitable examples.
On the bottomless lake of firstness: conjectures on the synthetic power of consciousness
Authors: Ibri Ivo A.
Published: October 2021

This essay focuses on the concept of consciousness in C. S. Peirce’s work, revealing how its ways of being are associated with the three Peircean phenomenological categories. In this article, I intend to reflect on the heuristic power of the mind, namely, its ability to bring about new ideas, which, within Peirce’s logic of inquiry, is called by the well-known term of abduction. The abductive logical step promotes a synthesis of signs that constitutes a logical structure capable of proposing a new mediation or representation of a new phenomenon. I make use of a metaphorical passage from Peirce (CP 7.547, undated) not only to give the title to this essay, but also to highlight the importance of the first category as a sort of synechistic envelopment of an unprecedented logical structure of signs that composes a new synthesis. Two continua intertwine themselves, namely, those of the first and third categories, to account for what appears as a fact of the world in the theater of secondness. The essay also seeks to bring to light the core realism of Peirce’s philosophy, the genetic aspect of this bottomless lake, through its cosmology, where the generalization of forms and the acquisition of habits of reality are the proper ground of his Objective Idealism. One of the heuristic aspect of the lake metaphor is a sort of invitation to extend the concept of synthesis from the realm of logical structures to that one of arts, which in this essay will remain as a suggestion for a further reflection.
What does low psychological distress mean in patients with no mental disorders and different pains of the musculoskeletal system?
Authors: Brinkers Michael , Pfau Giselher , Ritz Wolfgang , Meyer Frank , Kretzschmar Moritz
Published: October 2021

Objectives

The aim of this study is to define the different levels of psychological distress in patients suffering from pain and functional disorders of the musculoskeletal system.

Methods

This investigation was conducted as a retrospective study of 60 patients randomly selected of a German specialized orthopaedic hospital within the year 2016, whose therapeutic approaches are based on a non-surgical orthopaedic multimodal approach of manual therapy. All patients were suffering from pain and functional disorders of the musculoskeletal system. Two groups were formed: one without and one with additional mental disorders according to ICD-10. The impairment score (ISS) according to Schepank was determined.

Results

The somatic sub score of the ISS was the highest sub score in both patient groups. The cumulative value of the ISS score of patients with both a mental disorder and pain in the musculoskeletal system was higher than for patients without concomitant mental disorder. For patients without concomitant mental disorder, the cumulative ISS exceeded the test criteria for mentally healthy individuals.

Conclusions

Patients without mental disorder but with chronic pain of the locomotoric system receive a psychological pain management program, as it is part of the billing code OPS 8-977 to the health insurance companies in Germany. However, the data show that these patients also have a substantial somatic subscore and a cumulative ISS above the level of healthy individuals. The absence of psychological disorders (according to ICD-10) in patients with pain of the musculoskeletal system should not lead to the assumption that these patients are psychologically inconspicuous. Subsyndromal mental findings (below ICD-10) can be one aspect of a mental disorder presenting with primarily somatic symptoms. In this case, patients would benefit from a psychotherapeutic program in a similar way as the patients with mental disorders according to ICD-10.
Bipolar behavior of submodular, law-invariant capacities
Authors: Amarante Massimiliano
Published: October 2021

In the case of a submodular, law-invariant capacity, we provide an entirely
elementary proof of a result of Marinacci
[M. Marinacci,
Upper probabilities and additivity,
Sankhyā Ser. A 61 1999, no. 3, 358–361].
As a corollary, we also show that the anticore of a continuous submodular, law-invariant
nonatomic capacity has a dichotomous nature: either it is one-dimensional or
it is infinite-dimensional. The results have implications for the use of
such capacities in financial and economic applications.
On iodido bismuthates, bismuth complexes and polyiodides with bismuth in the system BiI3/18-crown-6/I2
Authors: Notter Silke , Donsbach Carsten , Feldmann Claus
Published: October 2021

The iodido bismuthates [Bi(18-crown-6)I2][BiI4] (1) and [Bi(18-crown-6)I2][Bi3I10] (2), the neutral complex [Bi(C6H14O4)I3](18-crown-6) (3) as well as the polyiodides [Bi(18-crown-6)I2][I5](18-crown-6) (4), [Bi(18-crown-6)I2]2[I14] (5) and [Bi(18-crown-6)I2]2[I19] (6) were prepared by reaction of BiI3, 18-crown-6, and I2 at T = 60–120 °C. The compounds 1–5 were prepared in [n-Bu3MeN][N(Tf)2] as an ionic liquid ([n-Bu3MeN]: tributylmethylammonium, [N(Tf)2]: bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide), whereas 6 was obtained only by direct reaction of the starting materials. The title compounds exhibit two different constitutions of the [Bi(18-crown-6)I2]+ cation as well as a non-charged, molecular [Bi(C6H14O4)I3] unit with a triethylene glycol ligand generated in situ by cleavage of the crown ether. Infinite chain-like

[

BiI

2
/
1

I

4
/
2

]

−

∞
1

${}_{\infty }{}^{1}\left[{{\text{BiI}}_{2/1}{\text{I}}_{4/2}\right]}^{-}$

and

[

Bi
6

I

18
/
1

I

4
/
2

∞
1

]

−

${{}_{\infty }{}^{1}\left[{\text{Bi}}_{6}{\text{I}}_{18/1}{\text{I}}_{4/2}\right]}^{-}$

anions occur in 1 and 2, whereas various polyiodide anions (e.g. [I3]−, [I5]−, [I7]−, [I9]−) with partly complex interaction are observed in 4, 5, and 6. The title compounds were characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis and infrared spectroscopy. In the case of 1 and 2, the optical band gap was determined to be E

g
 = 1.91 and 1.62 eV, respectively. Especially, the ionic-liquid-based synthesis affords the different metastable compounds with variable composition and structure in a narrow temperature range.
Az isteni jogalaptól a népszuverenitásig
Authors: Endre Sashalmi
Published: October 2021

The study intends to present the main features of the political doctrine commonly called by contemporaries the ‘divine right of kings’ in seventeenth-century England, and its transformation brought on by the ‘glorious revolution’ of 1688. The new version of the doctrine was named ‘divine right of providence” (G. Straka) and it was refl ected not only in written sources, the Bill of Rights included, but also in the change of the iconography of coronation coins. However, by 1714, the growth of the power of parliament led to a new perception of the right to the throne: popular sovereignty replaced divine will, which caused a major change in the imagery of coronation coins. Henceforward, for the rest of the century, in coronation coins power was conferred on the ruler not by the act of the Almighty but by the hand of the female allegorical figure of Britannia.
Modeling Dynamical Positional Physical Data on Field Zones Occupied by Playing Positions in Elite-Level Futsal: A Comparison Between Running Velocities, Accelerations, and Decelerations
Authors: Serrano Carlos , Felipe Jose Luis , García-Unanue Jorge , Vicente Gimenez Jesus , Jiménez-Linares Luis , Ibáñez Enrique , Hernando Enrique , Gallardo Leonor , Sánchez-Sánchez Javier
Published: October 2021

Serrano, C, Felipe, JL, García-Unanue, J, Vicente Gimenez, J, Jiménez-Linares, L, Ibáñez, E, Hernando, E, Gallardo, L, and Sánchez-Sánchez, J. Modeling dynamical positional physical data on field zones occupied by playing positions in elite-level futsal: a comparison between running velocities, acceleration, and deceleration. J Strength Cond Res 37(1): 200–206, 2023—The aim of this study was to analyze the influence of playing positions on the physical demands and the specific court zones occupied during official futsal games. The total number of observations were 188, corresponding to 8 matches from the first division of the Spanish Futsal League during the 2019–2020 season. All dynamic motion representations were recorded using an 18 Hz device with ultra-wideband technology and local positioning system installed on the futsal pitch for each position. Python Data Analysis Library, Matplotlib, and Python programming language were applied as computational tools to generate visual analysis of figures to represent every physical demand analyzed. An analysis of variance test showed differences between playing positions, specifically, for winger position (p < 0.05). Based on eta-square coefficients, all variables showed large effects, except acceleration distance zone 1 (1–2 m·s−2). Accordingly, the visual representation of positional dynamic motion data showed differences in the physical demands and the court zone occupied by the different playing positions. This innovative visual analysis allows fitness coaches to associate the physical demands with court zones occupied by different playing positions, and it aids in the design of training drills associated with futsal competition requirements.
Antiracism as War
Authors: Darda Joseph
Published: October 2021

Racial liberalism, which dominated racial thought from the onset of the Second World War to the Brown v. Board decision, inherited from that war an enduring figurative frame: racism as world-historical event, the struggle against it a war. That frame, which liberal anthropologists introduced, undercut nonstatist and radical antiracisms (states wage war), militated against enduring change (wars shouldn’t last forever), and contradicted the anthropologists’ own theories of human difference. Though often described as a hard turn from race as hierarchical biological difference to race as normative cultural difference, World War II marked not a transition from a hard-edged scientific racism to a more subtle cultural racism but the moment at which anthropologists biologized culture—not a racial break but a racial bridge.
Fabrication and Characterization of Thin-Film SOFC Supported by Microchannel-Structured Zirconia Substrate for Direct Methane Operation
Authors: Lee Myongjin , Gan Yun , Yang Chunyang , Ren Chunlei , Xue Xingjian
Published: October 2021

Ni-cermet anode demonstrates excellent catalytic activity and electrical conductivity but suffers from carbon deposition issue. To utilize Ni-cermet anode while preventing carbon deposition, a synergic strategy is employed to design anode electrode. In particular, Zr is incorporated into Ce0.8Sm0.2O2-δ lattice to tailor oxygen storage and catalytic properties of Ni-Ce0.8-xSm0.2ZrxO2-δ anode for improving electrochemical oxidizations of various fuel species. An inert thick YSZ microtubular substrate with radially well-aligned microchannels open at the inner surface is used to support multi thin functional layers of solid oxide cell, i.e., Ni current collector, Ni-Ce0.8-xSm0.2ZrxO2-δ anode, YSZ/SDC electrolyte, and LSCF cathode. The thick YSZ substrate is able to inhibit the ratio of fuel to product gases in the thin anode functional layer, which favors the prevention of carbon buildup in the thin anode layer when synergistically combined with Ni-Ce0.8-xSm0.2ZrxO2-δ anode material. The microchannels embedded in the YSZ substrate can also avoid too much dilutions of the fuel in the anode functional layer. The cell is fabricated and tested with both hydrogen and methane as the fuel. A short-term test is conducted with methane as fuel and good stability is obtained. The fundamental mechanisms for the prevention of carbon buildup in anode functional layer are also discussed.
No lesion in the liver can also be hepatic tuberculosis - An important consideration
Authors: Sharma Rajaram
Published: October 2021

Hepatic tuberculosis (TB) is rare, but recently it is more frequently detected. On imaging, it presents with different appearances and can mimic a variety of other conditions. A high degree of suspicion combined with appropriate diagnostic modalities and image-guided tissue sampling examination greatly aid in the timely diagnosis of the disease. The sights of this case report are to illustrate and discuss the different presentation of hepatic TB on computed tomography. This entity is frequently related to caseous necrosis, which is the hallmark of this disease. However, our patient didn’t have any liver lesion in spite of deranged liver function tests.
Rapport-management strategies in conflict situations
Authors: Ononye Chuka
Published: October 2021

Chuka Ononye (University of Nigeria)
The (mis)management of rapport amongst groups in Niger Delta (ND) communities has become a significant issue, which Ahmed Yerima’s Hard Ground (HG) depicts as having the capacity to aid or control the conflicts in the region. Linguistic studies on Yerima’s drama from the perspective of pragmatics have tended to use pragmatic acts to identify the discourse value of proverbs and functions of characters’ utterances but have not accounted for the politeness strategies utilised for rapport management, especially in conflict situations. This article, drawing on a rapport management model of politeness and aspects of speech act discourse, identifies the face, sociality rights, and interactional goals that characterise the conflict-motivated dialogues sampled in HG, and reveals the rapport management (RM) strategies through which these are managed in the text. Three conflict situations can be observed as prompting different RM strategies: cause-effect identification (CEI), militancy support (MSP), and disagreement (DSG) situations. CEI is marked by incriminating (involving eliciting and informing acts) and exonerating (including complimenting and acknowledging acts) strategies; MSP is indexed by strategies of persuasion (realised with face-enhancing/threatening acts), whereas DSG is typified by requesting (featuring explicit head acts and alerters) and blaming strategies (including insulting and threatening, aggravating moves). Generally, the requesting, blaming, and exonerating strategies are largely used by the ND youth in HG to probe, threaten, or disagree on specific issues, while the incriminating and persuasion strategies are mainly employed by the women to indict, influence, and predict future actions. The study of RM in the conflict situations depicted in the play sheds light on the often neglected cause of conflicts in contemporary Africa.
Analytical Study of Politics in Bangladesh : Ages Of Sheikh Hasina and Khaleda Zia’s Dictates
Authors: Ruhullah Mohammad Eisa , Qodir Zuly
Published: October 2021

Establishing a healthy and competitive democratic method remained a distant dream for a lengthy time to get to Bangladesh. The attain sociopolitical integration and sustainable development which is essential for establishing a peaceful democratic society in Bangladesh. This research to examine the leadership of H. E. Shaikh Hasina and Begum Khaleda Zia with Bangladesh Awami League and Bangladesh National Party. By using a qualitative approach this research aims The study to measure the implication of democracy via both leaders during their regimes. It must find out the solution of the current problems of the political transformation and accountability among the political parties (administrations). The writing obtains to a final decision on the leading method of both ladies in Bangladesh was lacking sustainable development in politics and lacking mutual trust plus understanding among them. Moreover, this study explores that the real challenge to a free and fair national election in Bangladesh is not constitutional or administrative but political. Political parties themselves create electoral problems in Bangladesh. Thus, to defeat the political crisis by political institutionalization among responsibility and tolerance is vital for the country to exercise democracy. In short, the future researchers might straighten in their further study on the governmental investigation in Bangladesh
Strategies of Combating Corruption in Nigeria: The Islamic Perspective
Authors: Sambo Usman , Sule Babayo
Published: October 2021

Corruption has become a pandemic and a moral burden that bedeviled the world. Corruption is a practice that permeates all societal segments, sectors, activities and it takes various shapes, forms, dimensions, classifications and manifestations. Nearly all countries of the world are affected by the endemic of corruption albeit, in different magnitude with some having lower incidence while others a high rate of occurrence. Corruption has constituted itself as a political and socioeconomic problem worldwide because it leads to misgovernance, deprivation, inequality and squander of scarce public resources which have the concomitant repercussions of poverty, insecurity, joblessness, hunger and malnutrition, poor healthcare services delivery and low quality education. The problem of corruption took a new dimension when it continuously defies various strategies and alternatives proffered by nation-states, international organisations and agencies. One of the outstanding measures that permanently proves workable is the Islamic model which forbids the practice of corruption and ties it with moral burden and spiritual integrity. Hence, this study presented an alternative model with reference to Nigeria as the area of study. The study utilised a conceptual descriptive approach where documented sources were consulted and analysed. The study discovered that despite the existence of various anti-graft agencies, corruption continues in Nigeria unabated which portrays the need for adopting a different approach and that has been provided as the Islamic perspective. The study recommends among several others that the Islamic ethics and morals of detesting corrupt practices and the accompanied sanctions should be integrated in the crusade against corruption.
PERANAN YURISPRUDENSI DALAM MEMBANGUN HUKUM NASIONAL DI INDONESIA
Authors: Permana Adi Rizka
Published: October 2021

Sebagai negara yang banyak dipengaruhi oleh tradisi hukum kontinental, Indonesia memilih sendi hukumnya, baik dalam pola pengaturan maupun pembangunan hukumnya, lebih diletakkan pada fungsi dan peran hukum tertulis peraturan perundang-undangan. Namun demekian, kehadiran hukum yurisprudensi meskipun merupakan sendi dari negara dengan tradisi hukum Anglo Saxon, pada akhirnya tidak dapat dihindarkan begitu saja, karena ternyata memiliki fungsi dan peran yang sama dalam pembangunan hukum nasional. Pengakuan hukum yurisprudensi sebagai sumber hukum dan tempat menemukan hukum-hukum konkret, membuktikan keperluan bangsa ini memahaminya dengan baik. Yurisprudensi yaitu hasil akhir atau keputusan dari pengadilan, terutama (Mahkamah Agung) sebagai pengadilan tertinggi di Indonesia mengeluarkan keputusan tersebut, yang menjadi dasar pertimbangan atau keputusan para hakim untuk mengadili perkara dan oleh pengadilan yang berada di bawahnya dijadikan sumber hukum. Khususnya kepada lingkungan peradilan (para hakim) yang mengembangkan hukum melalui praktik-praktik peradilan, sudah saatnya membangun dan menciptakan hukum-hukum yurisprudensi yang berkualitas.