bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
С.Е. Десницкий и дискуссии о естественном праве в России XVIII в.
Authors: Круглов А.Н.
Published: October 2024

В статье дается характеристика современного состояния исследований о первом русском университетском профессоре права С.Е. Десницком, на основании которой делается вывод о многочисленных пробелах в изучении его взглядов на естественное право. На основе курсов и диспутов по естественному праву 50-х годов XVIIIв. в Московском университете профессора Ф. Г. Дильтея, распространенных в России того времени сочинений немецкого правоведа и философа И.Г. Гейнекция, лекций А. Смита О юстиции, полиции, доходах и вооружении , а также лекций Дж. Миллара по римскому праву вскрываются основные источники идей Десницкого на естественное право, а также главные объекты его критики. Особое внимание при этом уделено анализу речи Десницкого 1768г. Слово о прямом и ближайшем способе к научению юриспруденции . В завершении статьи ставится вопрос об оригинальности Десницкого как мыслителя, его роли в становлении российской правовой мысли и придании ей своеобразных черт.

The paper investigates the current state of academic studies on the first Russian university professor of law S.E. Desnitsky. Based on this analysis, I conclude that there are numerous gaps in the findings of his views on natural law. To find out the sources of Desnitskys ideas on natural law and the main objects of his criticism, the following works are scrutinized: courses and debates on natural law in the 50s of the 18 century at the Moscow University of Professor Ph.H. Dilthey works of the German jurist and philosopher J.G. Heineccius, which were popular in Russia at that time A. Smiths Lectures on justice, police, revenue and arms, and J. Millars lectures on Roman law. Particular attention is paid to the analysis of Desnitskys speech The Word of Direct and Nearest Way to Studying Jurisprudence (1768). The conclusion questions the originality of Desnitsky as a thinker or legal scholar and hisrole in the formation of the unique Russian legal thought.
Фердинан Алькье ‒ философ и историк философии
Authors: Блауберг И.И.
Published: October 2024

В статье рассматривается концепция французского историка философии Фердинана Алькье, специалиста по проблемам классического рационализма. Получивший известность как автор работ по философии Декарта, Мальбранша, Спинозы, Канта, Алькье уделял особое внимание методологии историко-философского исследования. Принципы метода тесно связаны у него с общефилософской концепцией, создававшейся в период сильного влияния экзистенциализма во Франции. Во многом не соглашаясь с экзистенциалистами, Алькье, однако, воспринял онтологическую ориентацию философии его времени. В центре его внимания – бытие, противостоящее миру объектов и неподвластное любой объективации. Сознание, мышление, разум нацелены на это трансцендентное бытие, что побуждает их постоянно выходить за собственные границы. В соответствии с такой позицией Алькье разделяет в сфере историко-философских исследований изучение систем и подходов, или способов рассуждения. В отличие от систем, часто противоречащих друг другу, подходы, которые ориентированы на бытие, свидетельствуют о глубинном согласии философов.

The article deals with the concept of the French historian of philosophy Ferdinand Alquié, a well-known expert on the problems of classical rationalism. Alquié, the author of works on the philosophy of Descartes, Malebranche, Spinoza, Kant, paid special attention to the methodology of historical and philosophical research. The principles of the method are closely related to the general philosophical concept, which was created during the period of the strong influence of existentialism in France. In many respects disagreeing with the existentialists, Alquié, however, adopted the ontological orientation of the philosophy of his time. His focus is on being opposed to the world of objects and not subject to any objectification. Consciousness, thinking, reason are aimed at this transcendental being, which encourages them to constantly go beyond their own boundaries. In accordance with this position, Alquié shares in the field of historical and philosophical research the study of systems and approaches, or ways of reasoning. Unlike systems that often contradict each other, approaches that are oriented towards being show a deep agreement among philosophers.
К. Поппер и досократики (Ксенофан, Гераклит, Парменид)
Authors: Шишков И.З.
Published: October 2024

В статье предпринята попытка осуществить реконструкцию попперовской интерпретации философских и научных идей Ксенофана, Гераклита и Парменида с целью обосновать вывод о том, что именно знакомство Поппера в юности с мыслью досократиков в лице прежде всего Ксенофана, Гераклита и Парменида оказалось определяющим в формировании критицистской методологической парадигмы и в целом философии критического рационализма. Оригинальная философская и научная мысль досократиков явилась для Поппера неисчерпаемым источником, из которого он черпал всё богатство своих мыслей на протяжении всей своей долгой творческой жизни. Его длительные штудии досократической мысли позволили ему прийти к важнейшему выводу о том, что истоки большинства фундаментальных идей как классической, так и современной науки восходят не только к ранней греческой философии и науке, но и к мифотворчеству древних. В частности, что наука Коперника, Галилея, Кеплера Ньютона была дальнейшим развитием космологии греков, а также что переход от донаучных мифов к науке стал возможным в силу нового отношения к мифам ‒ в силу критического отношения к ним.

The article attempts to reconstruct Popper’s interpretation of the philosophical and scientific ideas of Xenophanes, Heraclitus and Parmenides in order to substantiate the conclusion that it was Popper’s acquaintance in his youth with the Ancient Greek Presocratic thought represented by Xenophanes, Heraclitus and Parmenides that was decisive in the formation of a critical methodological paradigm and in general philosophy of K.R. Popper. The original philosophical and scientific thought of the Presocratics was for Popper an inexhaustible source from which he drew all the wealth of his thoughts throughout his long creative life. His lengthy studies of the Presocratic thought allowed him to come to the crucial conclusion that the origins of most fundamental ideas of both classical and modern science go back not only to Εarly Greek philosophy and science, but also to the myth-making of the ancients. In particular Popper inferred that the science of Copernicus, Galileo, Kepler, Newton was a further development of the cosmology of the Greeks, and also that the transition from prescientific myths to science became possible due to the new attitude to myths: because of the critical attitude to them.
Шутка Ксенофана
Authors: Егорочкин М.В.
Published: October 2024

Первое упоминание о Пифагоре и пифагорейском учении о переселении душ, или метемпсихозе, принадлежит поэту и философу Ксенофану Колофонскому (ок. 570–470 гг. до н.э.). В одной из своих элегий он рассказывает анекдот о щенке, в коем Пифагор якобы распознал душу знакомого человека (21 B 7 DK = D.L. VIII, 36). Принято считать, что стихи Ксенофана являются критическими и представляют собой насмешку над пифагорейской доктриной. Остается, однако, не вполне ясным, в чем, собственно говоря, суть ксенофановской насмешки. Хотя этот вопрос издавна занимает исследователей, удовлетворительного ответа на него до сих пор не найдено. В статье предпринимается попытка объяснить шутку Ксенофана. По мнению автора, Пифагор изображен в ней обманщиком и шарлатаном, который, пользуясь подвернувшимся случаем, пытается преподать обидчику щенка начатки своего учения и залучить нового ученика в свою школу. Но, поступая таким образом, Пифагор не замечает, как попадает впросак, поскольку тем самым невольно признает, что его последователей в грядущей жизни ждет весьма незавидная участь.

Xenophanes of Colophon (ca 570–470 BC) is the first to mention Pythagoras and the Pythagorean doctrine of the transmigration of the soul, or metempsychosis. In one of his elegies, Xenophanes tells an anecdote about a puppy, in which Pythagoras supposedly recognized the soul of the familiar person (21 B 7 DK = D.L. VIII, 36). It is generally accepted that these verses contain criticism and a mockery of the Pythagorean doctrine. However, the exact meaning of the joke remains not entirely clear. Although this question has occupied researchers for a long time, a satisfactory answer has not yet been found. The article attempts to explain the intent of Xenophanesʼ joke and the object of its mockery. According to the author, the anecdote depicts Pythagoras as a deceiver and a charlatan, who, taking advantage of the opportunity, tries to teach the puppy offender the basic ideas of his doctrine and thereby attract a new student to his school. But Pythagoras does not notice himself getting into a mess. In doing so, he unwittingly admits that his followers will deserve a bad lot in the next life.
Интуиция первоосновы бытия: последние записи С. Л. Франка
Authors: Аляев Г.Е. , Резвых Т.Н.
Published: October 2024

Вниманию читателей предлагается публикация неизвестных ранее записей С.Л. Франка последнего периода его жизни – неоконченных отрывков «О жизни» и «О философии», а также философского дневника 1950 г. (тексты хранятся в фонде С.Л. Франка Бахметевского архива Колумбийского университета, США). В статье проведен палеографический и текстологический анализ источников, осуществлена их датировка. Исследованы обстоятельства последнего года жизни русского философа, связанные с написанием этих текстов. Проанализирована связь последних записей Франка с его опубликованными работами, а также с нереализованными творческими планами. Публикуемые тексты касаются ряда сквозных тем творчества Франка – о сущности философии, о философии и науке, о смысле человеческой жизни, о христианской Церкви и вере, об онтологии времени, о демократии, о духовной ситуации времени. Они отражают осмысление философом его основной религиозно-философской интуиции – интуиции первоосновы бытия и присутствия Бога в человеке, и свидетельствуют о мистическом характере этой интуиции.

The paper offers to reader’s attention a publication of Simon L. Frank’s notes that have been unknown before, dated back to the late period of his life. It is unfinished fragments: “On Life” and “On Philosophy”; as well as his philosophical diary 1950. The texts are held in Simon L. Frank collection by the Bakhmeteff archive at Columbia University (USA). The introductory article carries out a palaeographic and textual analysis of the sources, and their dating. It is also examined the circumstances of the last year in Simon L. Frank’s life that stay at the immediate connection with these texts, and the connection of these texts with Simon Frank’s published works as well as with his unfulfilled creative plans for the future. The published texts deal with a number of cross-cutting themes in Frank’s thought: on essence of philosophy, on philosophy and science, on the meaning of human life, on Christian Church and faith, on ontology of time, on democracy, on the spiritual situation of (his) time. They reflect Simon L. Frank’s thinking though his major religio-philosophical intuition: the intuition of the primary foundation of being and God’s presence in man; and witness the mystical character of this intuition.
MYELOPATHY IN A CHILD AFTER SARS-COV-2 INFECTION: A CASE REPORT FROM SUMY, UKRAINE
Authors: Smiyan Oleksandr , Horbas Viktoriia , Shevchenko Natalia , Buhaienko Viktoriia , Lendych Yuliya , Marchenko Oleksandr , Vasilyeva Olena , Reznychenko Yurii , Vysotsky Ihor
Published: October 2024

Introduction. The post-acute course in children in 22% of cases may have signs of nervous system damage. Common symptoms are headache, cognitive problems, anosmia, seizures, Guillain-Barré syndrome, demyelinating syndrome and autoimmune encephalitis, acute disseminated encephalomyelitis, posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome, viral encephalitis, and gait difficulties.
The study aims to describe a rare clinical case of post-COVID syndrome in children with nervous system lesions.
Materials and methods. A 9-year-old girl with myelopathy, lower spastic paraparesis, post-COVID syndrome, who was treated in the neurological department of the St. Zinaida Children's Clinical Hospital of the City of Sumy, was studied. The following research methods were carried out for differential diagnosis and confirmation of the disease: clinical blood and urine tests, cerebrospinal fluid analysis, virological examinations (adenovirus, enterovirus, cytomegalovirus, herpes simplex virus types 1, 2, SARS-CoV-2), magnetic resonance imaging of the brain and spine, electroneuromyography.
Results. At the time of hospitalization, a 9-year-old child complained of pain and weakness in the lower extremities, impaired coordination of movements, and sometimes cramps in the leg muscles. An objective examination revealed the patient's general condition of moderate severity, clear consciousness, and emotional lability. The following disorders were noted on the part of the nervous system: set-up horizontal nystagmus, more to the left, nasolabial fold was slightly smoothed to the left, mild tongue deviation to the right, tendon and periosteal reflexes D=S, vigorous in the upper extremities, reduced in the lower ones. Pathological foot extensor reflexes were detected on both sides. Muscle strength in the lower extremities is 3.5 points on both sides. Hypertension of the muscles of the lower extremities. Clinical analysis of blood, urine and cerebrospinal fluid results according to the age norm, virological examination: SARS-CoV-2, IgG - positive. MRI - disc protrusion at C4-C5, L2-3, L3-4, L4-5, L5-S1. Electroneuromyography (ENMG): signs of decreased supra-segmental conductor-type effects (by the weakening of the gamma-motoneuron control system). Signs of demyelinating focal lesions of the peroneal nerve on the right at the level of the intercalated line and the peroneal nerve on the left at the level of the popliteal fossa. The diagnosis was made: post-covid syndrome, lower spastic paraparesis, myelopathy.
Conclusions. Coronavirus infection can lead to serious neurological complications such as myelopathy, even if the initial course of the disease is mild. It emphasizes the importance of careful monitoring of children by physicians after coronavirus infection.
FEATURES OF THE COURSE OF RARE COVID-19 COMPLICATIONS
Authors: Duzhyi Igor , Yurchenko Alla , Khyzhnia Yaroslava , Klochko Anzhela , Marina Koshil Marina Koshil , Yurchenko Oleksandr
Published: October 2024

Introduction. Among all the microorganisms that inhabit the human body and surround it in the environment, a significant share belongs to viruses, which, in the constant struggle with other microflora, create conditions for their existence and affect their host. Most viruses, as well as other microorganisms, including the shingles virus, have a certain organotropy. HZ viruses are neurophilic; at a certain stage of a person's life, after having chicken pox, more often in childhood and adolescence, they settle mainly in the nervous structures, namely in the ganglia. Most frequently, cranial nerve ganglia, thoracic ganglia, and nerves of the pelvic cavity are affected. The viruses remain dormant in the ganglia and wait for the time, when the functional capacity of the innate and acquired immunity will be inhibited. The most powerful negative influence on this system in today's conditions is imposed by military actions and the COVID-19 infection. Once activated, the HZ virus attacks the corresponding nerve structures, which causes inflammation and violates the function of the corresponding organs and muscles, up to and including paresis. The main symptoms are pain and itching, which "knock out" the patient from the normal rhythm of life.
The urgency of the problem is due to the fact that the body rash in the patients that we consulted appeared 5-6 days after the pain syndrome and itching, which misled the clinicians.
Objective. To study the features of the course of rare COVID-19 complications and to share our own observations.
Materials and Methods. We observed 4 patients who developed complications after COVID-19. Among these patients, there were 3 male persons aged over 60 years and one female patient aged 50 years.
Results and Discussion. The patients with a past history of COVID infection had shingles-like complications: of the chest – in 2 subjects and of the brachial plexus – in 2 subjects. Two patients developed HZ in the form of intercostal neuritis. The disease progressed in a standard way, with pain and a rash localized along the intercostal nerves. Another two patients had complications represented by the inflammation of the brachial plexus, i.e., lesions of the trigeminal nerve branches and the vagus nerve branches, which belong to the brachial plexus and cardiac nerves. These complications manifested as vegetative disorders, including periodic "attacks" of hyperemia, dryness or sweating of the right half of the face. One of these patients had paresis of the left vocal cord, which seemed to be the most dangerous of all complications.
Conclusions. COVID-19 infection is a trigger activating persistent shingles virus and causing a number of complications related to HZ.
Russian information war against Ukraine 2014-2024 as a subject of scientific studies: the concept of “information violence”
Authors: Verkhovtseva Іryna
Published: October 2024

The relevance of the study is due to the need to analyze the state of understanding of the phenomenon of information violence by domestic scholars in the context of studying the Russian information war against Ukraine in 2014-2024. Since the beginning of a full-scale war against our country in 2022, the world has seen how the production and dissemination of disinformation narratives can prepare the information base for the destruction of a country and the genocide of its inhabitants. This calls for attention to the methodological aspects of studying information violence as a component of the Russian-Ukrainian confrontation.
The purpose of the study is to determine the state of scientific study of the phenomenon of information violence and the specifics of applying the relevant concept as a methodological tool in the context of studying the Russian information war against Ukraine in 2014-2024.
The research methodology, in addition to general scientific methods (logical, induction, deduction, analysis, synthesis), included special methods: narrative, structural and functional analysis, generalization, and case method, which contributed to the understanding of theoretical and practical approaches to studying the phenomenon of information violence and the specifics of the application of the relevant concept.
Conclusions and Prospects. The phenomenon of information violence in the framework of the study of the Russian information war against Ukraine in 2014-2024 is comprehended by domestic scholars in theoretical and practical aspects using the relevant concept. In the theoretical aspect, this phenomenon is defined as a targeted non-forceful influence on the mental sphere associated with information manipulation, which violates the information freedom of the target and may cause harm to its life or health. In the analysis of the practical aspects of information violence, it includes disinformation, hostile propaganda, and manipulation of the consciousness of the masses, which are essentially considered as types of information violence. At the same time, in cases where authors do not use the concept of «information violence,» these phenomena usually correspond to the characteristics of information violence. This necessitates a wider application of the concept of «information violence» as a methodological tool for studying the Russian-Ukrainian information confrontation. A detailed examination of its cases in order to identify the relevant information and violent component and to study the impact of the mass communication component of information violence in the context of studying Russian information invasion of the Ukrainian information space has considerable research potential in this context.
DINAMIKA PARADIGMA FALAKIYAH NAHDLATUL ULAMA
Authors: Musonnif Ahmad
Published: October 2024

In determining the beginning of the Hijri month, Nahdlatul Ulama (NU) is known as a user of the rukyah al-hilal method with hisab as a support. However, after NU's 34th congress in Lampung in 2021, NU formulated the concept of qath'iy al-rukyah which is characterized by pure hisab. This shows the dynamics of the NU falakiyah paradigm. This study aims to describe chronologically and historically the dynamics of the NU falakiyah paradigm. The method used in this research is a literature search. The approach used in this research is Thomas S. Kuhn's paradigm theory to analyze how the NU falakiya paradigm develops. The results of this study indicate that in the history of NU, the NU falakiyah paradigm developed dynamically where at its inception there were elements of NU who used pure rukyah (normative paradigm) and some who used pure hisab (rational paradigm). This happens because there is no organizational stipulation to use a certain method in determining the beginning of the Hijri month. In the next period NU decided organizationally to use pure rukyah (normative paradigm), then use rukyah supported by hisab with imkan al-rukyah (normative-rational paradigm) but in certain cases NU used pure hisab with the criteria of qath'iy al-rukyah (paradigm purely rational). The dynamics of the falakiyah paradigm does not only occur organizationally in the NU falakiyah paradigm, but also occurs within the body of NU where there are a group of NU elements who use pure rukyah and also pure hisab which of course is not in accordance with the NU falakiyah paradigm organizationally.
MULTIRESIDUE DETERMINATION OF PESTICIDES IN EXOTIC FRUITS: A REVIEW OF THE ANALYTICAL STRATEGIES AND RESIDUE OCCURRENCE
Authors: Bel Prestes da Silva Rafael , Antunes de Oliveira Júlia , Zanchin Cleusa Fátima , Jonco dos Santos Pimpernelli , Prestes Osmar Damian , Zanella Renato
Published: October 2024

The growing awareness of health and well-being has led to increased consumption of healthy foods, such as exotic fruits, owing to their high nutritional value and global availability. However, the production and trade of exotic fruit presents significant challenges, particularly with regard to increasing supply and ensuring food safety concerning pesticide residues. This review examines modern analytical strategies employed to determine pesticide residues in exotic fruits. It is evident from the literature that ultra-high performance liquid chromatography and gas chromatography techniques, coupled with tandem mass spectrometry, remain the methods of choice for determining pesticide residues. For sample preparation, the QuEChERS (Quick, Easy, Cheap, Effective, Rugged, and Safe) method, renowned for its simplicity and efficiency, is extensively utilized in its original form as well as in acetate, citrate, and other modified versions to enhance its effectiveness. Developing these analytical methods is crucial for ensuring the safety of exotic fruits, protecting consumer health, and facilitating exports to global markets. Further advancements in this field are essential to overcome the challenges posed by producing and trading exotic fruits, thereby promoting food safety and public health. This review also discusses the occurrence of pesticides in exotic fruits.
Acetamidase gene as a new plasmid marker for CRISPR modification of industrial and laboratory Saccharomyces yeasts
Authors: Urakov Valery , Kushnirov Vitaly
Published: October 2024

Genetic manipulation of laboratory yeast strains relies on the use of auxotrophic markers. However, such markers are usually missing and undesirable in industrial yeasts. The standard option is then to use antibiotic resistance markers such as KanMX. However, the required antibiotic concentration can vary significantly depending on the growth medium and yeast strain, often resulting in a high proportion of false-positive colonies. An alternative selection procedure could be based on the ability of yeast cells to utilize an uncommon source of nitrogen. Many yeasts, including Saccharomyces, are unable to utilize acetamide. This ability can be conferred by a single acetamidase gene. The CRISPR/Cas9 technology has an advantage over previous methods of yeast modification in that it allows genomic modifications to be introduced without leaving a selectable marker in the genome. Driven by these two motives, we constructed a CRISPR/Cas9 plasmid with an acetamidase gene from the fungus Aspergillus nidulans, which allows the selection of yeast transformants on medium with acetamide as sole nitrogen source, and tested this plasmid with a triploid wine strain and a haploid laboratory strain.
A new Peribacillus simplex d27.3 strain mediates antimicrobial activity through a combination of secondary metabolites, including fengycins
Authors: Baranova Margarita , Romanenko Maria , Savina Iuliia , Pilipenko Ekaterina , Belozerova Olga , Terekhov Stanislav , Nizhnikov Anton , Antonets Kirill , Smirnov Ivan
Published: October 2024

Soil is a classical source of beneficial microorganisms. Soil microbiomes provided the overwhelming majority of antibiotic-producing strains, biocontrol agents, probiotics, and plant-protecting bacteria. The functionality of strains isolated from various soil samples is predetermined by the biosynthetic potential encoded in their genomes. Here, we describe a novel Peribacillus simplex d27.3 strain isolated from the soil sample of a pine forest in the Republic of Dagestan, Russia. P. simplex d27.3 displayed antibiotic activity against gram-positive bacteria and fungi while being inactive against the model hypersensitive gram-negative strain E. coli ΔlptD. Metabolomic analysis revealed that antimicrobial activity was partially mediated by the fengycin lipopetides (C-16 fengycin A, C-17 fengycin A, and C-16 fengycin B). In addition, the P. simplex d27.3 strain was found to produce other hydrophilic and more hydrophobic antimicrobials yet to be described. Thus, the P. simplex d27.3 strain is a producer of useful antimicrobial compounds with a high potential for application in biotechnology and agriculture.
Exploring Emotional Control and Emotional Fortitude among Preclinical Undergraduate Medical Students: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Aziz Anbreen , Majeed Farzana , Qaiser Aasma , Siddique Lubna , Malik Sana , Fatima Khadija
Published: October 2024

Background: Although emotional intelligence is essential for medical students to succeed in their careers, it is overlooked in medical education.
Objective: To explore the emotional control and emotional fortitude among preclinical undergraduate medical students.
Methods: A qualitative exploratory study following constructivist approach was conducted from May-June 2023. The University Sains Malaysia Emotional Quotient Inventory Manual helped in constructing a semi-structured Google questionnaire to explore emotional control and emotional fortitude from second year medical students. Initially an inductive content analysis was utilized followed by thematic analysis approach provided by Braun and Clark to final themes.
Results: Every student has a different way of regulating emotions. One of the participants said that his disruptive emotions are controlled by remembering Allah while the other disclosed that he just explodes in anger. A student said that she detaches herself from the closed ones when she is facing stressful situation whereas the other told that she likes to talk to loved ones. Most of the study participants were found mature enough to accept and learn from their mistakes, improve and progress in life. They were able to resolve tense situations and handle difficult people through grey rocking technique, empathy, and distancing from them.
Conclusion: This study highlights the importance of developing emotional intelligence in undergraduate medical students. Although emotional intelligence is essential for medical students to succeed in their careers, it is overlooked in medical education. We can help students to become more effective and compassionate physicians by incorporating emotional intelligence training into medical school curricula.
Melisopalinología en mieles de origen apícola comercializadas en Bucaramanga, Santander
Authors: Castellanos Riveros Alberto , Pineda Ballesteros Eliécer , Téllez Acuña Freddy Reynaldo
Published: October 2024

Este artículo presenta los resultados de una investigación que determinó e identificó granos de polen en mieles comercializadas en almacenes de “grandes superficies” en la ciudad de Bucaramanga. Este estudio permitió determinar sí las mieles que consumen los Bumangueses tienen origen botánico, a partir de la identificación de marcadores palinológicos identificados en microfotografías, comparadas con estudios realizados en Colombia. Se seleccionaron muestras de 10 marcas de un total de 100 existentes en el mercado, para el año 2016. Para determinar la familia taxonómica se buscó en la bibliografía de estudios colombianos la morfología de los granos de polen y se compararon con las microfotografías del estudio determinando la similitud. Se aplicó la metodología de la acetólisis de Erdtman para observar los granos de polen de cada una de las muestras y determinar a qué familia taxonómica pertenecían. Se identificaron 8 familias entre los que sobresalen Asteraceae, Arecaceae, Mimosoidae que se repiten entre muestras, seguidas de otras como Muntingiaceae, Piperaceae, Cyclanthaceae, Moraceae, Urticaceae, Apiaceae, Brassicaceae, que aparecieron una vez por muestra. Los resultados mostraron que una muestra era tipo polifloral, cuatro tipo monofloral y el resto no contenía polen.
Engajamento do profissional bibliotecário na biblioteca pública sob o viés da biblioteconomia social, crítica e progressista
Authors: SANTOS JAIRO , Andrade de Lima do Nascimento Lucileide
Published: October 2024

A partir da observação do avanço das desigualdades sociais no contexto brasileiro e, acreditando na importância da informação como ferramenta de combate à desigualdade social, discute a importância da atuação bibliotecária na biblioteca pública na perspectiva de uma práxis profissional engajada, orientada ao enfrentamento das desigualdades sociais. Ciente dos dilemas sociais, argumenta como a práxis engajada pode contribuir para mudanças no quadro da desigualdade social. Desenvolve pesquisa exploratória, de base  teórica operacionalizada a partir de pesquisa bibliográfica. Para realização da pesquisa bibliográfica utiliza a Base de Dados em Ciência da Informação (Brapci), priorizando obras em português e espanhol, para recuperação de fontes foram utilizados os termos de busca: “Biblioteca Pública” AND “Agenda 2030”;  “Biblioteca Pública” AND “Desenvolvimento Sustentável”;  “Biblioteca Pública” AND “Inclusão Social”;  “Biblioteca Pública” AND “Bibliotecário” AND “Responsabilidade Social”; “Responsabilidade Social”, sendo recuperados 458 artigos que, após seleção resultou  na amostra de 10 artigos considerados pertinentes à temática em discussão. Na perspectiva do viés social da práxis bibliotecária nas bibliotecas públicas, as produções bibliográficas recuperadas apontam ações que estão em consonância com os direcionamentos estabelecidos pela Agenda 2030 , bem como, com a teoria defendida na Biblioteconomia Social, Crítica e Progressista. É possível apontar  trabalhos que contemplam a práxis e a Library Advocacy na perspectiva da atuação de BP voltada às classes excluídas, cumprindo o seu papel para promover a plena cidadania. Reconhece-se a importância da informação como catapulta que pode impulsionar transformações sociais. Que a partir do acesso os cidadãos possam se opor-se ao quadro, cobrar, questionar, buscar direitos, exercer na prática a cidadania. A biblioteca pública como porta de livre acesso à (in)formação por meio da práxis engajada do profissional bibliotecário em muito pode contribuir para mudanças no quadro da exclusão informacional, cumprindo com o seu papel social, bem como, com a responsabilidade socioinformacional perante aos que realmente precisam, a ralé estrutural, o não-público, aqueles expostos a situações de vulnerabilidade social, a gente invisível aos olhos da sociedade, que necessitam de suporte para mudar suas histórias de vida.
Ambisynth – Monitoring Room Climate with Generative Modular Synthesizers
Authors: Berger Markus , Ploennigs Joern
Published: October 2024

When engaged in focused work, it can be easy to forget about ambient comfort factors, like high CO2 concentrations or bad lighting conditions. Ambient Information Systems can help us passively monitor such parameters, but often have the downside of intrusive notifcation sounds or requiring visual feedback. In this paper, we propose to subtly communicate sensor information as part of generative ambient background music. This genre has recently been popularized through modular hardware synthesizers, which create music by processing analog voltage signals. We combine these modules with analog room climate sensors to create an “Ambient Information Instrument”, which will sonify the climate conditions of any room, without requiring digital processing or code. Aspects of the music become more noticeable as sensor readings exceed a set comfort range. Knobs and sliders on the synthesizer modules allow room occupants to interactively change and adjust the music being played.
Pendampingan pembuatan souvenir dari sampah anorganik
Authors: Rohaeti Eli , Yosephine Louise Isana Supiah , Budiasih Kun Sri , Arianingrum Retno , Aznam Nurfina , Mercuriani Ixora Sartika , Fitriyana Nur , Rinawati Wika
Published: October 2024

Permasalahan yang akan dicarikan solusinya, yaitu mencari solusi terhadap penumpukkan limbah anorganik yang dihasilkan oleh kegiatan masyarakat, meningkatkan literasi masyarakat tentang pengolahan limbah anorganik, serta meningkatkan keterampilan masyarakat dalam mengolah limbah anorganik menjadi berbagai produk souvenir sehingga masalah lingkungan dan ekonomi dapat terselesaikan.  Tujuan kegiatan pelatihan pendampingan ini, yaitu untuk meningkatkan pemahaman masyarakat terkait cara pengolahan sampah anorganik serta untuk meningkatkan keterampilan masyarakat dalam mengolah sampah anorganik menjadi berbagai produk souvenir yang memiliki nilai ekonomi tinggi. Solusi yang ditawarkan yaitu melalui kegiatan pelatihan dan pendampingan cara mengolah limbah anorganik menjadi berbagai produk souvenir seperti bros, tempat pensil, dompet, dan tas, menjadi media tanam, dan ecobrick. Target pelatihan yaitu para pemuda, warga masyarakat sekitar Taman Kyai Langgeng (TKL) Magelang, serta para pendidik di lingkungan kota Magelang. Hasil kegiatan pelatihan menunjukkan adanya peningkatan pengetahuan dan keterampilan peserta, terutama dalam mengolah limbah anorganik, kesempatan kepada peserta dan mitra untuk membiasakan diri peka terhadap lingkungan, terutama pemisahan sampah/limbah anorganik dari rumah tangga atau lingkungan sekitar dan mampu mengolahnya menjadi produk bermanfaat dan bernilai ekonomi, serta mempraktekkannya dalam kehidupan sehari-hari.
Workshop on Visual Data Analysis with R Program
Authors: Wutsqa Dhoriva Urwatul , Kismiantini Kismiantini , Kusumawati Rosita , Subekti Retno , Setiawan Ezra Putranda , Isnaini Bayutama , Brilliant Indira Ihnu
Published: October 2024

Statistics data analysis generally focuses more on mathematical procedures than visual. Visual analysis is very useful for research and this is still very limited to study at Universitas Mercu Buana Yogyakarta, so the UNY Statistics lecturer’s service activity is holding visual data analysis workshop with the R program, where this program is open source and is complete for visual analysis. The material for this activity is about procedures and uses for visual data analysis, introduction to the R program, data management with the R program, visual data analysis for group descriptions and comparisons, and visual data analysis for relationships between variables. Evaluation of participants' ability to understand the material is measured through 14 questions with four Likert Scale responses. Based on 40 questionnaires, 27,86% answered "Strongly Agree", 71,96% "Agree", and 0,18% "Disagree" regarding understanding and applying visual data analysis techniques with the R program. Therefore, it can be concluded that the majority of participants could understand the workshop material and follow the training well.
Health Locus of Control and Medical Behavioral Interventions: Systematic Review and Recommendations (Preprint)
Authors: Mozafari Sogol , Yang Alan , Talaei-Khoei Jason
Published: October 2024

BACKGROUND

Health locus of control (HLOC) is a theory that describes how individuals perceive different forces that influence their lives. The concept of a locus of control can affect an individual’s likelihood to commit to behaviors related to their health. This study explores the literature on the relationships between HLOC and medical behavioral interventions.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to better understand how HLOC constructs can potentially affect patient responses to health behavioral interventions and to propose a series of guidelines for individuals interested in designing medical behavioral interventions related to HLOC.

METHODS

We used the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) methodology and performed an analysis of 50 papers related to the topic of HLOC and medical behavioral interventions. Inclusion criteria were studies that had a behavioral intervention involving patients and contained a metric of at least 1 of the constructs related to HLOC. The initial screening and search were conducted by 2 researchers (AY and SM) separately. The results were then combined and compared.

RESULTS

Our findings explore the influence of different levels of HLOC along with the importance of both patient- and health-related context when assessing the relationships between HLOC constructs and the likelihood of health behavior change. The findings show that different constructs related to HLOC can act as reliable predictors for patient responses to medical behavioral interventions. Patients who score higher on internal HLOC measures are more likely to exhibit behaviors that are consistent with positive health outcomes. Patients who score higher on chance HLOC are more likely to exhibit behaviors that may lead to adverse health outcomes. These conclusions are supported by most of the 50 studies surveyed.

CONCLUSIONS

We propose guidelines for individuals designing medical behavioral interventions so that they can make use of these relationships linked to HLOC. The three guidelines suggested are as follows: (1) in most situations, improving internal HLOC will improve health outcomes for patients; (2) patients with high external HLOC should be further studied to determine the source of the external HLOC; and (3) patients with a high chance HLOC are less likely to follow preventative behaviors or be responsive to interventions. Limitations of the study are that the primary search and analysis were conducted by 2 principal researchers (AY and SM). Interpretation and development of the guidelines are subject to individual interpretation of results and may not be applicable to all contexts.
Arctic Water Current in the Bear Island Trough
Authors: Morozov Eugene , Frey D. , Novigatsky A.
Published: October 2024

We analyzed Conductivity-temperature-depth (CTD) and moored Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler (ADCP) measurements in the western Barents Sea carried out onboard the Russian R/V Akademik Mstislav Keldysh (cruise 68) in July–August 2017. A hydrographic section in the Bear Island Trough has been made. Comparison of water properties in the trough and in the sea has been performed. We compared the tidal currents measured on the mooring with those from the TPXO9 model and found that they are quite close.
Integrating Autoencoders with Local Outlier Factor and Isolation Forest for Effective Fraud Detection in Imbalanced Datasets
Authors: Chettiar Frania
Published: October 2024

Abstract: It is highly challenging to detect fraudulent transactions with extant imbalances in available datasets where fraudulent cases make up a minor percentage of total transactions. This work presents a novel hybrid anomaly detection framework that integrates Autoencoders for efficient dimensionality reduction with LOF and Isolation Forest algorithms to detect anomalies for accurate fraud detection. We make use of the very standard dataset, namely Credit Card Fraud Detection Dataset [7], that has 284,807 transactions of which only 492 are classified as fraudulent. We apply Synthetic Minority Over-Sampling Technique to balance the dataset for optimizing the model’s performance. The results show that although LOF is challenging in terms of precision, it exhibits significant increases in recall with the proper adjustment of the contamination parameter and utilization of SMOTE. In comparison, Isolation Forest algorithm works excellently in terms of recall where it detects 81% frauds but degrades slightly in terms of precision after using SMOTE. The two techniques here have trade-offs between precision and recall, hence indicating a scope for further optimization. Both LOF and Isolation Forest significantly contribute in detecting anomalies in imbalanced datasets, and though Isolation Forest has a higher efficiency ratio compared to LOF in fraud transaction detection, our results confirm that indeed using Autoencoders for the extraction of features and advanced anomaly detection techniques have a synergistic effect in fraud detection applications, particularly in big class imbalance scenarios. Future research would include other oversampling techniques along with fine-tuning the parameter settings to have a better balance between precision and recall.
Critical Indicators for Improving Compliance of Fuel Trading Business Entities in Indonesia
Authors: Husniyadi Ilham , Moeis Armand Omar
Published: October 2024

Fuel oil is one of Indonesia's most dominant types of energy, making it important to have strict oversight and regulation of its supply and distribution. This research aims to identify compliance indicators for fuel trading business entities in the downstream oil and gas sector and develop guidelines to monitor and improve the level of compliance of these entities. The method used in this research is the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). The results showed ten relevant compliance indicators: waste management, resource use, occupational accident rate, safety training, audits and inspections, regulatory violations, social and community contributions, stakeholder satisfaction, operational efficiency, and tax and financial compliance. Of the ten indicators, the highest weight is obtained from regulatory violations at 42%, followed by the work accident rate at 22%. These findings provide a strong basis for monitoring and improving compliance in the oil and gas trading business and supporting better and sustainable energy management in Indonesia.
Resource Efficient Boolean Function Solver on Quantum Computer
Authors: Li Xiang , Shen Hanxiang , Gao Weiguo , Li Yingzhou
Published: October 2024

Nonlinear boolean equation systems play an important role in a wide range of applications. Grover's algorithm is one of the best-known quantum search algorithms in solving the nonlinear boolean equation system on quantum computers. In this paper, we propose three novel techniques to improve the efficiency under Grover's algorithm framework. A W-cycle circuit construction introduces a recursive idea to increase the solvable number of boolean equations given a fixed number of qubits. Then, a greedy compression technique is proposed to reduce the oracle circuit depth. Finally, a randomized Grover's algorithm randomly chooses a subset of equations to form a random oracle every iteration, which further reduces the circuit depth and the number of ancilla qubits. Numerical results on boolean quadratic equations demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed techniques.
Hands-on Domain in Learning Mathematics: Impact on Students’ Assessment Practices in Ghana
Authors: Maanu Vivian , Bonyah Ebenezer , Clark Lauren Jeneva
Published: October 2024

The study purposefully explored the effect of Hands-on activities on pre-service teachers’ assessment in mathematics. The research employed a quasi-experimental design and utilized intact classes. One Hundred and Twenty (120) Level Three Hundred Pre-service teachers offering bachelor's degree programs in Junior High Education where purposively sampled. The one-group Pre-test and Post-test design was used to collect data for this study where each participant was evaluated first under the control condition and then under the treatment condition. The intervention was implemented within three weeks using manipulatives to ensure the practicality of the lessons. The post-test was also administered immediately after the intervention to determine its effectiveness. Results show a statistically significant ( ). Hence the study concluded that the use of hands-on activities improves on students’ performance in mathematics. It was recommended that, the teaching and learning of mathematics at the pre-tertiary level should incorporate hands-on activity method since it improves learners’ assessment practices.
Junior High School Students’ Habits of Mind in Solving Mathematical Problems
Authors: Nauli Novia , Harisman Yulyanti , Armiati  , Yerizon
Published: October 2024

One of mathematical cognitive skills is the problem-solving ability. It is imperative for each student to have a range of abilities in order to deal with or resolve a problem. Habits of mind are abilities that can influence students' ability to solve mathematical problems. It is the aim of this study to examine junior high school students' problem-solving thinking skills. The survey method was used, as opposed to critical observation or qualitative approaches. The sample of this study consisted of 29 ninth graders of junior high school. Data collection was conducted by a test and interviews. According to the findings from the data analysis in this study, students with strong problem-solving abilities exhibited four indicators of thinking habits: persistence, thinking about thinking, thinking flexibility, and the ability to apply past knowledge to new situations. Students with average problem-solving abilities also displayed four indicators of thinking habits, but were lacking in three of them: thinking about thinking, thinking flexibility, and applying past knowledge. Students with poor problem-solving abilities, on the other hand, laked all the indicators of thinking habits.
Analysis of Problem-Solving Behavior of Senior High School Students
Authors: Hafizatunnisa  , Harisman Yulyanti , Armiati  , Amiruddin Mohd Hasril
Published: October 2024

Problem solving behavior focuses on how students process to solve problems, while problem solving ability is a student's ability to solve problems. Problem solving behavior can identify students' problems in solving mathematical problems, so that students' mathematical problem solving abilities are achieved as expected. Therefore, it is important for students to develop their problem-solving behaviors. By paying attention to problem solving behavior, teachers can discover students' obstacles in solving problems. The study aims to describe the problem solving behavior of students with low, medium and high ability levels. The subjects of the study were first-year senior high school students. The students were given mathematical problem-solving questions and then interviewed. Based on the interview transcripts, the students were grouped based on the problem solving behavior rubric. However, a new category of problem solving behavior, i.e., semi-routine, was proposed because the existing behavior categories did not fully represent the observed problem solving behaviors. The results of this study showed that problem solving behaviors are categorized into apathetic, semi-routine, routine, semi-sophisticated, and sophisticated. Aspects of problem solving behaviors are knowledge ownership, control, beliefs, and affective. By improving students' problem-solving behavior, it is expected that students' mathematical problem solving abilities will also improve.