bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Crystal structure of (3E,5E)-3,5-bis[4-(diethylazaniumyl)benzylidene]-1-methyl-4-oxopiperidin-1-ium trichloride dihydrate: a potential biophotonic material
Authors: Nesterov Volodymyr V. , Zakharov Lev N. , Nesterov Vladimir N. , Shulaev Vladimir
Published: November 2015

In the trication of the title hydrated molecular salt, C28H40N3O3+·3Cl−·2H2O, the central heterocyclic ring adopts a sofa conformation, with the exocyclic N—C bond in an equatorial orientation. The dihedral angles between the planar part of this heterocyclic ring and the two almost flat side-chain fragments, which include the aromatic ring and bridging atoms, are 28.8 (1) and 41.1 (1)°. Both diethylazaniumyl substituents have a tetrahedral geometry, while the dihedral angles between the above-mentioned flat part of the aryl fragments and the imaginary planes drawn through atoms C—N—C of the diethylazaniumyl substituents are 86.3 (2) and 80.4 (1)°, respectively. In the crystal, N—H...Cl hydrogen bonds link the cations and anions into [100] chains. The chains are cross-linked by numerous C—H...O and C—H...Cl interactions, generating a three-dimensional network. One of the chloride ions is disordered over two adjacent positions in a 0.895 (4):0.105 (4) ratio.
Crystal structure of 1-bromo-4-methanesulfonyl-2,3-dimethylbenzene
Authors: Dai Shangwei , Wang Yifeng
Published: November 2015

The title compound, C9H11BrO2S, is an important intermediate in the synthesis of the herbicide Topramezone. In the crystal, there are weak intermolecular Br...O interactions of 3.286 (4) Å. The dihedral angle between the plane of the benzene ring and that defined by the O—S—O atoms of the methanesulfonyl group is 49.06 (3)°.
Crystal structure of 3-(prop-2-en-1-yl)-1-{[(1E)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalen-1-ylidene]amino}thiourea
Authors: Mague Joel T. , Mohamed Shaaban K. , Akkurt Mehmet , Hassan Alaa A , Abdel-Aziz Ahmed T. , Albayati Mustafa R.
Published: November 2015

In the title compound, C14H17N3S, the dihedral angle between the planes of the benzene ring and the thiosemicarbazone group (r.m.s. deviation = 0.031 Å) is 8.45 (4)°. A short intramolcular N—H...N contact is seen. In the crystal, weak N—H...S hydrogen bonds connect the molecules intoC(4) chains propagating in the [010] direction, with adjacent molecules in the chain related by 21screw-axis symmetry.
Crystal structure of 5-(5,6-dihydrobenzo[4,5]imidazo[1,2-c]quinazolin-6-yl)-2-methoxyphenol
Authors: Adam Farook , Arafath Md. Azharul , Rosenani A. Haque , Razali Mohd. R.
Published: November 2015

In the molecule of the title compound, C21H17N3O2, the 5,6-dihydrobenzimidazo[1,2-c]quinazoline moiety is disordered over two orientations about a pseudo-mirror plane, with a refined occupancy ratio of 0.863 (2):0.137 (2). The dihedral angles formed by the benzimidazole ring system and the benzene ring of the quinazoline group are 14.28 (5) and 4.7 (3)° for the major and minor disorder components, respectively. An intramolecular O—H...O hydrogen bond is present. In the crystal, molecules are linked by O—H...N hydrogen bonds, forming chains running parallel to [10-1].
Crystal structure of 10a-hydroxy-9-(3-nitrophenyl)-3,6-diphenyl-3,4,5,6,7,8a,9,10a-octahydro-1H-xanthene-1,8(2H)-dione
Authors: Zhang Xin-Yuan , Hu Bing-Xiang , Zhou Ze-Yu , Zhou Lei , Wang Fang-Ming
Published: November 2015

In the octahydroxanthenedione unit of the title compound, C31H27NO6, the central dihydropyran ring shows an envelope conformation, while the bilateral cyclohexene and cyclohexane rings adopt a half-boat conformation and a chair conformation, respectively. The nitrobenzene ring is twisted with respect to the two benzene rings, making dihedral angles of 63.1 (1) and 63.0 (1)°. In the crystal, O—H...O hydrogen bonds link the molecules into supramolecular chains propagating along thea-axis direction.
Crystal structure ofN′-[bis(ethylsulfanyl)methylidene]-2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzohydrazide
Authors: Nath Paras , Bharty Manoj K. , Chaurasia Rahul , Kumari Sanyucta , Gupta Sushil K.
Published: November 2015

In the title compound, C13H18N2O3S2, the amide group is in the plane of the benzoyl ring with a C—N—N—C torsion angle of 177.63 (12)°. The two dithioate groups are in ananticonformation [torsion angles = 173.68 (8) and −9.98 (10)°]. An intramolecular N—H...O hydrogen bond is observed. In the crystal, an O—H...O hydrogen bond and a weak C—H...O contact involving the same acceptor atom generate anS(6) ring motif and give rise to chains along [010].
Crystal structure of 2-(2,3-dimethylanilino)-N′-[(1E)-2-hydroxybenzylidene]benzohydrazide
Authors: Mohamed Shaaban K. , Mague Joel T. , Akkurt Mehmet , Mohamed Alaa F. , Albayati Mustafa R.
Published: November 2015

The asymmetric unit of the title compound, C22H21N3O2, consists of two independent molecules (AandB) having differing conformations. The differences mainly concern the dihedral angles which the hydroxyphenyl and dimethylphenyl rings subtend to the central phenylene ring, these being 30.16 (6) and 58.60 (6)° in moleculeAand 13.42 (7) and 60.31 (7)° inB. With the exception of the dimethyphenyl substituent, the conformations of the rest of each molecule are largely determined by intramolecular O—H...N and N—H...O hydrogen bonds. In the crystal, N—H...O hydrogen bonds link the molecules into chains extending parallel to theaaxis in which the types of molecules alternate in an …A…B…A…B… fashion.
Crystal structure oftrans-diaquabis(1H-pyrazole-3-carboxylato-κ2N,O)copper(II) dihydrate
Authors: Reinoso Santiago , Artetxe Beñat , Castillo Oscar , Luque Antonio , Gutiérrez-Zorrilla Juan M.
Published: November 2015

In the title compound, [Cu(C4H3N2O2)2(H2O)2]·2H2O, the CuIIion is located on an inversion centre and exhibits an axially elongated octahedral coordination geometry. The equatorial plane is formed by twoN,O-bidentate 1H-pyrazole-3-carboxylate ligands in atransconfiguration. The axial positions are occupied by two water molecules. The mononuclear complex molecules are arranged in layers parallel to theabplane. Each complex molecule is linked to four adjacent species through intermolecular O—H...O and N—H...O hydrogen bonds that are established between the coordinating water molecules and carboxylate O atoms or protonated N atoms of the organic ligands. These layers are further connected into a three-dimensional network by additional hydrogen bonds involving solvent water molecules and non-coordinating carboxylate O atoms.
Crystal structure ofN-[(1S,2S)-2-aminocyclohexyl]-2,4,6-trimethylbenzenesulfonamide
Authors: Ngassa Felix N. , Biros Shannon M. , Staples Richard J.
Published: November 2015

The title compound, C15H24N2O2S, was synthesizedviaa substitution reaction between the enantiopure (1S,2S)-(+)-1,2-diaminocyclohexane and 2,4,6-trimethylbenzene-1-sulfonyl chloride. The cyclohexyl and phenyl substituents are orientedgauchearound the sulfonamide S—N bond. In the crystal, molecules are linkedviaN—H...N hydrogen bonds, forming chains propagating along [100].
Crystal structure of (E)-3-(4-hydroxybenzyl)-4-{[4-(methylsulfanyl)benzylidene]amino}-1H-1,2,4-triazole-5(4H)-thione
Authors: Manjula P. S. , Sarojini B. K. , Narayana B. , Byrappa K. , Madan Kumar S.
Published: November 2015

In the title compound, C17H16N4OS2, the triazole and methylthiobenzylidene rings are nearly coplanar, making a dihedral angle of 6.52 (12)°. An intramolecular C—H...S hydrogen bond forms anS(6) ring motif. The hydroxybenzyl ring is almost normal to the triazole and methylthiobenzylidene rings, making dihedral angles of 78.56 (12) and 84.79 (11)°, respectively. In the crystal, molecules are linked through O—H...N and N—H...O hydrogen bonds, forming layers parallel to theacplane. The layers are linkedviaC—H...N hydrogen bonds, forming a three-dimensional structure. In addition, a short π–π interaction is observed [inter-centroid distance = 3.764 (3) Å], involving inversion-related methylthiobenzylidene rings.
Consumers interpreting sustainability: moving beyond food to fashion
Authors: Ritch Elaine L
Published: November 2015

Purpose

– The purpose of this paper is to explore consumer perceptions and understanding of sustainable concepts within the context of fashion consumption.

Design/methodology/approach

– Phenomenological interviews provided a platform to explore fashion sustainability and garment labels from current UK high street fashion retailers were used to stimulate discussion.

Findings

– The findings identify confusion of how sustainability applies to fashion, particularly for environmental issues and there was scepticism regarding higher pricing for organic cotton. However, motivation to avoid fashion produced under exploitation resulted in avoiding retailers alleged of such practice, paying more for garments and purchasing from established UK retailers.

Research limitations/implications

– The idiographic nature of a phenomenological approach may be considered as a limitation, yet this in-depth exploration of participants with similar socio-demographics enables a rich understanding of the discourse experienced within their lifeworlds.

Practical implications

– The findings illustrate that consumers are transferring sustainable principles from one context to another, and that by addressing sustainability, fashion retailers could obtain a competitive advantage.

Social implications

– The findings demonstrate consumers’ increased involvement with sustainability and the role expected from fashion retailers.

Originality/value

– The research uniquely positions consumers’ reliance on heuristics to guide sustainable preferences, due to the lack of information and this implies that sustainable concepts are increasingly incorporated into everyday behaviours.
Drivers of store brand usage in an Asian emerging market: evidence from Vietnam
Authors: Diallo Mbaye Fall
Published: November 2015

Purpose

– Although they are increasingly offered by mass retailers in Asia, store brands (SBs) are not well understood in Asian countries. The purpose of this paper is to investigate how store and brand-level factors affect consumer usage of SBs in an Asian emerging country.

Design/methodology/approach

– A consumer survey, based on sample of 445 respondents, is undertaken in two competing modern retail chains in Vietnam. Structural equation modelling is used to test the research hypotheses. A latent interaction variable was created to test the moderation of store familiarity.

Findings

– Results indicate that SB price image, consumer attitude towards SBs and SB perceived value influence most strongly SB usage in Vietnam, whereas store image perceptions have no direct effect on it. Some investigated relationships differ across store formats. Overall, store familiarity has a weak direct effect on SB usage, but its interaction effects differ depending on store format.

Research limitations/implications

– The study is limited because it investigated only one Asian country and two retail chains. Besides, it did not account for effect of product categories on SB usage.

Practical implications

– Findings indicate that a positive store image is not sufficient to increase consumer usage of SBs in Vietnam. Retailers should be especially careful when designing retail outlets in this market, where consumers seem attached to traditions. Results highlight the importance of taking measures to develop more positive attitudes towards SBs. Also, store familiarity has a weak effect on SB purchase and should therefore be monitored more carefully by retail chains operating in Vietnam.

Originality/value

– This research is the first to address Vietnamese consumer usage of SBs. In contrast to their counterparts in other emerging countries, Vietnamese consumers do not strongly rely on store image when purchasing SBs. Their focus is rather on brand perceived value. These results challenge conventional wisdom that attributes a low utilitarian value orientation to Asian consumers.
Article delivery using ReadCube Access: a report on use in five US libraries
Authors: England Mark M , Weisbrod Liza , Jarvis Christy
Published: November 2015

Purpose

– This paper aims to update information on ReadCube Access and briefly reviews its history. The study also reports on the use of ReadCube Access by five US academic libraries.

Design/methodology/approach

– A series of questions was distributed to selected academic libraries using ReadCube Access. Survey recipients were asked to describe the library and the institution served, how long ReadCube Access has been in use, how many journals from Nature Publishing Group (NPG) were licensed and how many journals were being provided using ReadCube Access. Participating libraries were also asked to provide information about the purchase options offered to end-users, were asked to report on ReadCube Access usage and were requested to compare that usage to interlibrary loan (ILL) requests for NPG journals. Finally, the libraries were asked to share any comments about ReadCube Access they wished, including end user feedback and comments from library staff.

Findings

– ReadCube Access is shown to be cost-effective and more heavily used than interlibrary loan. End-users are enthused by the instantaneous delivery of articles, and most libraries are generally pleased with the sustainability of this unmediated service. Some end-users are confused and annoyed by the differences in using ReadCube Access compared with the familiar use of subscriptions. A failing of ReadCube Access is that it only offers content from one publisher.

Originality/value

– This paper fulfils an identified need for an update on ReadCube Access and a study on the experiences of various libraries using it.
Promoting ILL/DD within the Jiangsu Academic Library
&
Information System in China by small consortia
Authors: Xi Qingkui , Zhang Qian , Ni Feng , Cha Guiting , Bao Ping
Published: November 2015

Purpose

– This paper aims to describe and analyse the interlibrary loan and document delivery (ILL/DD) in university libraries in Jiangsu Province, China, and to evaluate the service quality of one library as an example of how to improve.

Design/methodology/approach

– This paper first describes the ILL/DD of the Jiangsu Academic Library
&
Information System (JALIS). It then provides an analysis of the problems in JALIS ILL/DD and gives some suggestions for improvement. Finally, it evaluates the service quality of one library’s ILL/DD based on the analytic hierarchy process (AHP).

Findings

– It is found that JALIS ILL/DD can be done better via small consortia and discipline centres, and that AHP can be used to evaluate the service quality of a library’s ILL/DD.

Social implications

– More patrons can access better service, and the work effectiveness of librarians can be improved.

Originality/value

– This paper is helpful to librarians interested in ILL/DD or resource sharing in China.
The role of the Court of Protection in safeguarding
Authors: Ruck Keene Alex , Stricklin-Coutinho Kelly , Gilfillan Henry
Published: November 2015

Purpose

– The purpose of this paper is to outline how questions relating to capacity arise in the context of safeguarding, and when applications to the Court of Protection are required in relation to those who may lack capacity. It also seeks to provide guidance as to how applications to the Court of Protection should be made so as to ensure that they are determined effectively and in a proportionate fashion.

Design/methodology/approach

– The paper draws on the practical experience of practising barristers appearing before the Court of Protection, and on the experience of a social worker who is an MCA/DOLS lead at a London local authority. The paper proceeds by way of a review of the relevant statutory provisions, an overview of the Court of Protection and then to a practical analysis of when and how applications to the Court need to be made.

Findings

– When to go to the Court of Protection in the safeguarding context is poorly understood, and there has not been proper recognition of the fact that proceedings for “adult care orders” have a strong forensic analogy with applications for care orders in relation to children. It is only by recognising these forensic similarities that local authorities can properly make use of the Court of Protection in the discharge of their obligations to vulnerable adults in their area.

Practical implications

– The paper should lead to a recognition that there is a specialist “adult protection court” within the Court of Protection, and that applications for adult care orders to that court require specific and careful preparation and presentation. It will therefore lead to better use of the Court of Protection in the safeguarding context and – ultimately – a better balance between empowerment and protection of vulnerable adults who may lack capacity.

Originality/value

– The paper is original in combining both legal and social work expertise to reach practical conclusions as to why such poor use has been made of the Court of Protection in safeguarding context. Its value lies in the deployment of that expertise to suggest how better use can be made in the future.
Bruising in older adults: what do social workers need to know?
Authors: Matthews Sarah A. O. , Reynolds Janet
Published: November 2015

Purpose

– The purpose of this paper is to discuss a research study exploring one aspect of adult safeguarding, that of non-accidental injury in older adults, specifically bruising. The study was undertaken with a view to analysing the current relevant literature and examining current practitioners’ views concerning bruising in older adults in order to understand social work practitioners’ awareness of and training in bruising.

Design/methodology/approach

– The paper describes a small-scale research study including two focus groups of social work and nursing practitioners. Themes arising from transcripts are coded by the analyst and are discussed in light of the summary and explanation of the literature reviewed following an initial scoping and exclusion exercise.

Findings

– The paper found that there is some evidence of typical and atypical non-accidental bruising emerging in older adults similar to that of children, but this tends to be treated as a clinical matter and mostly directed at medical staff.

Research limitations/implications

– Because of the chosen research aim, the research results focus on social work practitioners. Researchers are encouraged to explore other constituents further and to extend the scope of the literature review in terms of date and type.

Practical implications

– This paper will be of interest to all those concerned with the effective understanding of bruising as a sign of non-accidental injury in older people and especially the extent to which social work practitioners and others have to consider bruising during the course of their work with older people.

Originality/value

– This paper fulfils an identified need to study what social work practitioners and others need to know during the course of their work with older adults.
The CEO branding mix
Authors: Fetscherin Marc
Published: November 2015

Purpose

– The purpose of this paper is to outline and discuss the main elements of the chief executive officer (CEO) that affect financial and non-financial aspects of companies. CEO reputation and corporate reputation and performance are intertwined concepts. It presents a conceptual framework, the “4Ps of the CEO branding mix”, and shows how they individually and collectively influence company reputation and performance.

Design/methodology/approach

– An extensive inter-disciplinary research was conducted. Four primary elements of the CEO (performance, personality, prestige and persona) were identified that positively or negatively impact companies.

Findings

– CEO reputation (prestige) can not only positively but also negatively impact companies and celerity CEO’s are no different. There are certain personality traits, such as honesty and humility, which are mostly associated with positive company outcomes, while other personality traits, such as machiavellianism and narcissism, seems to negatively impact companies. Certain aspects related to the CEO as a persona, such as CEO tenure (experience) and education, and also CEO’s physical appearance and facial expressions impact CEO’s image and, subsequently, company reputation and performance. Finally, this paper shows that CEO performance is more than company financial and market performance and includes aspects such as strategy execution or CEO succession planning.

Practical implications

– The four ′P’s of the CEO branding mix provide a useful framework for CEO’s and the corporate communications department to developing a consistent and comprehensive CEO and corporate communication and branding strategy.

Originality/value

– This paper contributes as it outlines the various aspects and elements which impact CEOs image and reputation. The four P’s serve as a useful framework for CEO’s as well as corporate communication departments to systematically measure and manage the CEO’s image and reputation and, consequently, company reputation and performance. It forms the basis for developing a consistent and comprehensive CEO and company communication and branding strategy.
Consulting firm identity: the online effort to differentiate and compete
Authors: Chelliah John , Georges Samantha
Published: November 2015

Purpose

– The purpose of this paper is to examine how consulting organizations create identity online. Using a sample of 50 consulting organizations in Australia, the research discusses the strategic implications of broadcasting multiple organizational identities online and the subsequent impact this has on legitimacy.

Design/methodology/approach

– The research paper engages content analysis across a broad sample to highlight common practices of online identity construction.

Findings

– The analysis of the sample highlights the creation and perpetuation of multiple, and sometimes contradictory, identities for consulting firms in the online sphere.

Originality/value

– This research paper highlights how consulting firms try to differentiate themselves in an industry that is both highly competitive and frequently changing.
Building sustainability strategy in business
Authors: Teh David , Corbitt Brian
Published: November 2015

Purpose

– The purpose of this paper is to explore environmental sustainability (eco-sustainability) policy and strategy adoption and implementation in Australian companies. Specifically, it assesses what influences the extent of organizational eco-sustainability strategy implementation.

Design/methodology/approach

– This research used semi-structured interviews with senior executive from a list of the Australian Securities Exchange (ASX) 200 companies in banking, materials, real estate and transportation industry groups. A purposive sampling method was used to select the most appropriate participants. The “elite” interviewing method was adopted with persons who are recognized as the expert in the topic under investigation. Finally, an interpretative approach to data analysis was used.

Findings

– The paper shows the importance of eco-sustainability strategy alignment with the overall business strategy. Similarly, organizational structure and systems are recognized to be equally important. The senior executives also agreed that shared values, passionate skilled and experienced staff, the Board and senior management, as well as governance, are critical in ensuring a successful adoption and implementation of organizational eco-sustainability policy and strategy.

Practical implications

– This research provides some understanding of how organizations implement their eco-sustainability policy and strategy and what influences the extent of their eco-sustainability strategy implementation, and answers to why each dimension is important for a particular organization was gained through interviews with the senior executives. This paper also facilitates a better understanding of the relative importance placed on each dimension as a factor influencing eco-sustainability adoption and implementation.

Originality/value

– Drawing on theories from various disciplines and the McKinsey Seven S’s framework, this paper strengthens the foundation for industry practitioners to understand what influences the success of the eco-sustainability strategy adoption and implementation.
Identifying offenders with an intellectual disability in detention in The Netherlands
Authors: Kaal Hendrien L. , Nijman Henk L.I. , Moonen Xavier M.H.
Published: November 2015

Purpose

– The Dutch Custodial Institutions Agency has commissioned a number of research projects on offenders with intellectual disabilities (ID) in prison. A continuing problem has been that it is not known what the prevalence of ID in Dutch prisons is, and how to identify ID in individual detainees. The paper aims to discuss these issues.

Design/methodology/approach

– With this in mind a screening instrument (screener for learning disabilities and intelligence (SCIL)) has been developed that screens for IQ
<
85. This instrument has been piloted in four different penitentiary institutes.

Findings

– The papers briefly describes the results of the studies preceding the pilot before turning to the pilot itself. The pilot shed light on what considerations need to be taken into account when implement screening for ID in the current prison system, and on the potential added value for prison staff of knowing whether a detainee possibly has an ID. In addition, the pilot gave some insight into the characteristics of Dutch prisoners.

Originality/value

– The main conclusion is that the SCIL can be successfully implemented within these settings, provided that sufficient attention is being paid to the advance instructions to staff and to the introduction of the screening to the detainees.
Experiences of prison inmates with autism spectrum disorders and the knowledge and understanding of the spectrum amongst prison staff: a review
Authors: Allely Clare Sarah
Published: November 2015

Purpose

– The purpose of this paper is to explore the research which has examined the link between autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) and offending behaviour and the impact of prison on individuals with ASDs. Studies suggest that inmates with ASDs may be at an increased risk of bullying, confrontations, exploitation, anxiety and social isolation as a result of their ASD traits such as obsessions, social naivety and impaired empathy.

Design/methodology/approach

– An extensive review of the literature.

Findings

– The review identifies a modest amount of studies (n=4) which have explored the experience of individuals with ASD in prison and highlights that inmates with ASDs face a multitude of problems when they enter prison. Despite an extensive literature search only one study was identified which investigated the knowledge and understanding of ASDs amongst prison staff.

Research limitations/implications

– Further research is urgently needed to consider the specific problems faced by inmates with ASD, to identify how to make the prison environment safer and more supportive for inmates with ASD and how to reduce the likelihood of re-offending.

Practical implications

– This review highlights that, to date, there has been relatively little to guide service design in order to develop support services for individuals with ASD in prison. There has been a scarcity of studies investigating the effectiveness of various treatment models to target offending behaviour in individuals with ASD.

Originality/value

– This paper fulfils an identified need to study and identify the specific problems faced by inmates with ASD and to identify changes which are required to provide an environment in prison which is safer and more supportive.
Faculty engagement in higher education: prospects and areas of research
Authors: Raina Khushboo , Khatri Puja
Published: November 2015

Purpose

– The purpose of this paper is to explore the available literature on engagement of faculty members teaching in higher education institutions and present forth a strong foundation for researchers of the same area to gain insight into the available literature and prospects of faculty engagement.

Design/methodology/approach

– Exploratory study has been conducted using different keywords to draw a list of relevant research papers on Google Scholar and several online databases like Emerald Management, EBSCO Host, Elseiver, etc.

Findings

– Various definitions of the major constructs have been captured from which dimensions have been explored. Identification of dimensions and factors has been done by performing extensive literature review. Studies so conducted on the major construct have been tabulated to present a comprehensive picture. Universities across the world have been studied to find out differences with respect to India in terms of their higher education system and practices related to faculty.

Originality/value

– The paper is original and holds significance as not much literature is available on faculty engagement in published domain and higher education has become an area of keen interest in present times. This paper will give a strong foundation of literature to future researchers who want to pursue their studies in this area.
The Montalbano effect: re-branding Sicily as a tourist destination?
Authors: Ponton Douglas Mark , Asero Vincenzo
Published: November 2015

Purpose

– The purpose of this study is to focus on movie tourism, specifically on the “Montalbano effect”, which has seen increments in tourist visits to Sicilian sites featuring in the episodes of the popular TV series. It explores the concepts of genre and evaluative language in websites offering Montalbano tours in Sicily in an interdisciplinary perspective, aiming to combine insights from Tourism and Linguistics to analyse the phenomenon.

Design/methodology/approach

– The language of two corpora, one consisting of sites offering traditional Sicilian tours and another of sites devoted to Montalbano, is analysed in terms of genre and evaluative language.

Findings

– The study shows an emerging genre and genre hybridity that, it is suggested, are in response to market trends and may represent beginnings of a re-branding of Sicily as a tourist destination, away from past negative stereotypes associating the island with organised crime.

Originality/value

– The interdisciplinary aspect of the study represents a significant step towards a wider involvement of different disciplines in understanding an important social phenomenon.
Preparing for the future of higher education
Authors: Ahmad Tashfeen
Published: November 2015

Purpose

– This paper aims to assist lecturers, universities and their administrators in preparing for the evolving future of higher education. Disruptive innovations in higher education delivery, with the internet as a driver, are creating potential benefits and challenges for traditional service providers. This paper will reflect on how academics should evolve, in the age of the internet, and maximize the benefits of all stakeholders.

Design/methodology/approach

– This opinion piece emerged after reviewing the latest research and best practices which can improve higher education delivery.

Findings

– Significant benefits and opportunities can be unlocked if educators apply and incorporate new learning styles and practices. While the pace and momentum is uncertain, this paper re-confirms that disruptive technologies will lead to inevitable changes in higher education. Technology and knowledge have become more accessible and transferable irrespective of location. It is therefore imperative that educational stakeholders seize the opportunity to adjust their methodology and delivery approaches to remain relevant and maintain their value proposition.

Originality/value

– Educators should rethink how they deliver education, as the traditional model evolves. This paper offers a proposal to navigate the challenges ahead.
The social scholar: re-interpreting scholarship in the shifting university
Authors: Greenhow Christine , Gleason Benjamin
Published: November 2015

Purpose

– This paper aims to provide a re-envisioning of traditional conceptualizations of scholarship informed by knowledge assets theory, trends shaping the modern university and technological advancements. We introduce social scholarship, a set of scholarly practices being envisioned within the conventional four domains of scholarship (i.e. discovery, integration, teaching and application). This paper provides concrete examples of the benefits and challenges of enacting social scholarly practices in light of Boisot’s theory of information flows, proprietary knowledge and the social learning cycle.

Design/methodology/approach

– This article is a cross-disciplinary conceptual exploration.

Findings

– In the model of social scholarship, access to knowledge is spreading faster than ever before; information flows are bi-directional in each domain (discovery, teaching, integration and application) where previously knowledge resided with the institution, flowing out to the public. Relationships between scholars and their university as well as between government, university, researchers and the public are being re-negotiated.

Research limitations/implications

– Certain limitations may exist, such as the conceptual alignment of a business model of knowledge generation to the university, which has particular cultures, service-orientations and power structures that are unique to academia.

Practical implications

– The alternative model for scholarship outlined in this paper has implications for those in higher education concerned with faculty recruitment, retention, professional development and performance review. The insights in this paper are also relevant for those concerned with the induction and training of doctoral students and preparation of future faculty programs.

Social implications

– The conceptualization of scholarship outlined in this paper has implications for a broad, non-specialist audience who seeks to access, critique and provide input on basic, interdisciplinary or applied research as well as teaching in higher education.

Originality/value

– Using a business model of knowledge generation, this paper introduces how current social media affordances and societal values can and are transforming conceptions of “the scholar,” “scholarship” and the university as knowledge-purveyor.
Using crime data in academic research: issues of comparability and integrity
Authors: Ludwig Anika , Marshall Mary
Published: November 2015

Purpose

– Research into crime is reliant on data that is recorded and published by criminal justice agencies; data which is collected for other purposes. Considering the suitability of geocoded crime data for academic research purposes, this paper will demonstrate the difficulties faced regarding the availability, integrity and reliability of readily accessible criminal justice data.

Design/methodology/approach

– Data from two countries – England and Germany – were considered and set in a wider European Union (EU) context. Using the data received from requests made to the Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) in England and openly published reports and data available from Germany, the authors provide a contextual picture of the availability and operability of data recorded by these agencies. Geocoded data that enable cross-national comparisons with respect to immigration, ethnicity and crime are particularly hard to locate, and conducting research using data (such as crime data) whose “integrity” is questionable in an academic environment becomes increasingly problematic.

Findings

– Analysing secondary data produced by a number of agencies are amplified due to the different methods of collection, management, retention and dissemination. It was found that even within England, the information provided by police forces varied greatly. Data in Germany were found to be more openly available and published electronically by a number of different criminal justice agencies; however, many of the issues apparent in English data regarding data integrity were also identified here.

Originality/value

– The need for good record-keeping and information sharing practices has taken on added significance in today’s global environment. The better availability of comparable criminal justice data has the potential to provide academics with increased opportunities to develop an evidence base for policymaking.
“Justice delayed is justice denied”
Authors: Ngoepe Mpho , Makhubela Salmon
Published: November 2015

Purpose

– The purpose of this study is to investigate the cases of “delayed and denied” justice that resulted from a lack of or poor record-keeping in the South African courts and police service with a view to encouraging proper records management. Proper records management plays a significant role in supporting the justice system. Records provide the critical evidence that a particular action or transaction took place and can be used as evidence in a court of law. Without reliable and authentic records, government cannot administer justice and, as a result, offenders can be set free while the victims are denied justice.

Design/methodology/approach

– Utilising content analysis, this study extracted print media articles (2000-2012) relating to the “records and justice system” from the South African Media database, which is one of the databases hosted by the South African Bibliographic and Information Network. The study selected cases reported in the media to conduct follow-up interviews with a policeman, lawyer and judge to discover the implications of the unavailability of required records in court cases. Furthermore, access was given to three selected cases that were given high profile in the media and these cases were analysed to find out what the final verdict in each case was.

Findings

– Results of the study suggest that some criminal cases were withdrawn due to missing dockets or cases not properly registered. In some instances, records were reconstructed, resulting in the travesty of justice. The study concludes by arguing that if records are not accounted for, lawyers, prosecutors and magistrates could dispute the authenticity of records. As a result, justice for victims would be delayed and ultimately denied while the perpetrators are freed.

Research limitations/implications

– The findings and recommendations of this study may go a long way in helping courts in South Africa to manage records properly to support the justice system. Furthermore, the study is a useful compilation of the importance of missing records for social purposes.

Originality/value

– In an attempt to show the role of records management in the administration of justice in South Africa, this study used a triangulation of data collection tools. This is a new attempt, especially in the South African context. Previous studies in southern Africa only looked at the management of records in supporting justice system.
Contribution of Monomeric Anthocyanins to the Color of Young Red Wine: Statistical and Experimental Approaches
Authors: Liang Han Fu , Li Zheng , Xu Yan
Published: November 2015

Monomeric anthocyanin contributions to young red wine color were investigated using partial least square regression (PLSR) and aqueous alcohol solutions in this study. Results showed that the correlation between the anthocyanin concentration and the solution color fitted in a quadratic regression rather than linear or cubic regression. Malvidin‐3‐O‐glucoside was estimated to show the highest contribution to young red wine color according to its concentration in wine, whereas peonidin‐3‐O‐glucoside in its concentration contributed the least. The PLSR suggested that delphinidin‐3‐O‐glucoside and peonidin‐3‐O‐glucoside under the same concentration resulted in a stronger color of young red wine compared with malvidin‐3‐O‐glucoside. These estimates were further confirmed by their color in aqueous alcohol solutions. These results suggested that delphinidin‐3‐O‐glucoside and peonidin‐3‐O‐glucoside were primary anthocyanins to enhance young red wine color by increasing their concentrations. This study could provide an alternative approach to improve young red wine color by adjusting anthocyanin composition and concentration.
Metabolic Syndrome: Bridging the Gap from Childhood to Adulthood
Authors: Agirbasli Mehmet , Tanrikulu Azra M. , Berenson Gerald S.
Published: November 2015

Childhood and adolescence are particularly vulnerable periods of life to the effects of cardiometabolic risk and later development of atherosclerosis, hypertension, and diabetes mellitus. Developing countries with limited resources suffer most heavily from the consequences of cardiometabolic risk in children and its future implications to the global health burden. A better understanding of mechanisms leading to cardiometabolic risk in early life may lead to more effective prevention and intervention strategies to reduce metabolic stress in children and later disease. Longitudinal “tracking” studies of cardiometabolic risk in children provide a tremendous global resource to direct prevention strategies for cardiovascular disease. In this review, we will summarize the pathophysiology, existing definitions for cardiometabolic risk components in children. Screening and identifying children and adolescents of high cardiometabolic risk and encouraging them and their families through healthy lifestyle changes should be implemented to as a global public health strategy.
Colombian reference growth curves for height, weight, body mass index and head circumference
Authors: Durán Paola , Merker Andrea , Briceño Germán , Colón Eugenia , Line Dionne , Abad Verónica , Del Toro Kenny , Chahín Silvia , Matallana Audrey Mary , Lema Adriana , Llano Mauricio , Céspedes Jaime , Hagenäs Lars
Published: November 2015

Aim

Published Growth studies from Latin America are limited to growth references from Argentina and Venezuela. The aim of this study was to construct reference growth curves for height, weight, body mass index (BMI) and head circumference of Colombian children in a format that is useful for following the growth of the individual child and as a tool for public health.

Methods

Prospective measurements from 27 209 Colombian children from middle and upper socio‐economic level families were processed using the generalised additive models for location, scale and shape (GAMLSS).

Results

Descriptive statistics for length and height, weight,BMIand head circumference for age are given as raw and smoothed values. Final height was 172.3 cm for boys and 159.4 cm for girls. Weight at 18 years of age was 64.0 kg for boys and 54 kg for girls. Growth curves are presented in a ± 3SDformat using logarithmic axes.

Conclusion

The constructed reference growth curves are a start for following secular trends in Colombia and are also in the presented layout an optimal clinical tool for health care.
Failure to meet language milestones at two years of age is predictive of specific language impairment
Authors: Diepeveen F. Babette , Dusseldorp Elise , Bol Gerard W. , Oudesluys‐Murphy Anne Marie , Verkerk Paul H.
Published: November 2015

Aim

This study established predictive properties of single language milestones for specific language impairment (SLI) after the age of four, as these had not previously been reported in the literature.

Methods

In this nested case–control study, children attending special needs schools for severe speech and language difficulties were matched with children attending mainstream schools. Data covering the ages of zero to four years were retrieved from well‐child care clinics and the outcomes of 23 language milestones in the Dutch Developmental Instrument were analysed. The predictive properties were expressed as positive likelihood ratios, sensitivity and specificity.

Results

We included 253 pairs of children with and without SLI, aged from four to 11 years. The mean age was eight years and three months, and 77% were boys. From the age of 18 months, cases and controls differed significantly on all milestones (p < 0.01). After 24 months, the language milestones had positive likelihood ratios that ranging from 6 to 108. In general, language milestones had a high specificity (range 77–100%), but the sensitivity was relatively low (range 0–68%).

Conclusion

Failure to meet language milestones from the age of 24 months was predictive of SLI, but the use of separate milestones had limited value due to low sensitivity.
Paracetamol (acetaminophen) protein adduct concentrations during therapeutic dosing
Authors: Heard Kennon , Green Jody L. , Anderson Victoria , Bucher‐Bartelson Becki , Dart Richard C.
Published: November 2015

Background

Paracetamol protein adducts (PPA) are a biomarker of paracetamol exposure. PPA are quantified as paracetamol–cysteine (APAP‐CYS), and concentrations above 1.1 μmol l–1 have been suggested as a marker of paracetamol‐induced hepatotoxicity. However, there is little information on the range of concentrations observed during prolonged therapeutic dosing.

Aim

The aim of the present study was to describe the concentration of PPA in the serum of subjects taking therapeutic doses of paracetamol for at least 16 days.

Methods

Preplanned secondary aim of a prospective randomized controlled (placebo vs. 4g day–1 paracetamol) trial. We measured subjects' serum PPA concentrations every 3 days for a minimum of 16 days. We also measured concentrations on study days 1–3 and 16–25 in subsets of patients. PPA were quantified as APAP‐CYS after gel filtration and protein digestion using liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry.

RESULTS

Ninety per cent of subjects had detectable PPA after five doses. Median APAP‐CYS concentrations in paracetamol‐treated subjects increased to a plateau of 0.1 μmol l–1 on day 7, where they remained. The highest concentration measured was 1.1 μmol l–1 and two subjects never had detectable PPA levels. PPA were detected in the serum of 78% of subjects 9 days after their final dose.

Conclusions

PPA are detectable in the vast majority of subjects taking therapeutic doses of paracetamol. While most have concentrations well below the threshold associated with hepatotoxicity, concentrations may approach 1.1 μmol l–1 in rare cases. Adducts are detectable after a few doses and can persist for over a week after dosing is stopped.
Paracetamol decreases steady‐state exposure to lamotrigine by induction of glucuronidation in healthy subjects
Authors: Gastrup Sandra , Stage Tore Bjerregaard , Fruekilde Palle Bach Nielsen , Damkier Per
Published: November 2015

Aim

Patients receiving lamotrigine therapy frequently use paracetamol concomitantly. While one study suggests a possible, clinically relevant drug–drug interaction, practical recommendations of the concomitant use are inconsistent. We performed a systematic pharmacokinetic study in healthy volunteers to quantify the effect of 4 day treatment with paracetamol on the metabolism of steady‐state lamotrigine.

Methods

Twelve healthy, male volunteers participated in an open label, sequential interaction study. Lamotrigine was titrated to steady‐state (100 mg daily) over 36 days, and blood and urine sampling was performed in a non‐randomized order with and without paracetamol (1 g four times daily). The primary endpoint was change in steady‐state area under the plasma concentration–time curve of lamotrigine. Secondary endpoints were changes in total apparent oral clearance, renal clearance, trough concentration of lamotrigine and formation clearance of lamotrigine glucuronide conjugates.

Results

Co‐administration of lamotrigine and paracetamol decreased the steady‐state area under the plasma concentration–time curve of lamotrigine by 20% (95% CI 10%, 25%; P < 0.001) from 166 to 127 μmol l–1. Concomitant administration of paracetamol increased the formation clearance of lamotrigine glucuronide conjugates by 45% (95% CI 18%, 79%, P = 0.005) from 1.7 to 2.8 l h–1, while the trough value of lamotrigine was reduced by 25% (95% CI 12%, 36%, P = 0.003) from 5.3 to 3.9 μmol l–1.

Conclusion

Paracetamol statistically significantly induced steady‐state lamotrigine glucuronidation, resulting in a 20% decrease in total systemic exposure and a 25% decrease in trough value of lamotrigine. This interaction may be of clinical relevance in some patients.