bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Strategic Health Purchasing and Health System Performance in Nigeria
Authors: Olayiwola Saheed O. , Adeyemi Francis O.
Published: August 2022

Purchasing has been adopted by many countries as a mechanism to achieve greater efficiency and improved responsiveness of services to patient demands. This study examined the effects of strategic health purchasing on health system performance in Nigeria. The data for the study was collected using a purposive sampling survey in the Akure metropolis. The results indicated a positive relationship between health system performance and purchasing strategy, payment mechanism and service utilisers with the regression coefficients of 0.30, 0.16 and 0.33. This implied that purchasing strategy, payment mechanism and service utilisers are likely to improve health system performance. The results also revealed a positive relationship between each of the health system performance measurement dimensions (life expectancy, the performance of different areas of health services, distribution of access to health facilities, fairness of health financing, prompt attention to medical needs and purchasing strategy, providers payment mechanism and service utilisers. It was concluded that health system performance can be improved by the implementation of strategic health purchasing. Therefore, paying for health care services should be made strategic and rules relating to auditing and accountability should be made more effective.
EFEITOS DA DIETA ÁCIDA NO ENVELHECIMENTO PRECOCE DENTAL
Authors: Lins de Lira Thalys Vinícius , Almeida Durão Márcia
Published: August 2022

A análise do potencial biocorrosivo/erosivo dos alimentos ácidos sobre o substrato dental, justifica-se pela crescente ida aos consultórios odontológicos por queixa de dor e má aparência dos dentes por motivos não cariosos. As lesões dentais não cariosas (LDNCs) são consideradas um processo patológico quando ocasiona problemas funcionais, estéticos ou de sensibilidade dentária. Trata-se de objetivo deste artigo analisar os principais efeitos da dieta ácida no envelhecimento precoce dental, contribuindo para que prevenção e tratamento fiquem mais claros. Para esta revisão de literatura, foram realizadas buscas nas bases de dados, Lilacs, PubMed, Scielo e Research, Society and Development, coletando artigos em português, inglês e espanhol por meio de descritores como: “dieta ácida/acid diet”, “lesão cervical não cariosa/non-carious cervical lesion” e “erosão/biocorrosão dental/dental erosion/biocorrosion”, publicados de 2012 a 2022.  A mudança no padrão de consumo alimentar tem gerado LDNCs, as quais exigem uma investigação criteriosa sobre seus fatores etiológicos, para obtenção do correto diagnóstico, no qual normalmente há mais fatores associados. Conclui-se que, apesar das diversas técnicas de tratamento disponíveis de acordo com o grau das lesões, a mudança dos hábitos por orientação preventiva é a melhor forma de evitar o seu surgimento.
ANÁLISE COMPARATIVA DAS PROPRIEDADES MECÂNICAS E FÍSICAS DO CONCRETO COM ADIÇÃO DE POLÍMEROS – REVISÃO BIBLIOGRÁFICA
Authors: Rêgo Lara Rielly Rodrigues Melo do , Oliveira Junior Ciguivon José de , Da Silva Gabriel Moraes , Rodrigues Emilly Nascimento Mota , Bezerra Marinna Rafaella de Carvalho Sousa , Viveiros Danielle de Cássia Santos de , Brito Diogo Ramon do Nascimento
Published: August 2022

Historicamente, o concreto, entendido como um material de construção, é descrito como uma pedra artificial resultante da junção de um ligante com materiais pétreos. Não obstante, ainda se pode afirmar que ele possa ser tão antigo quanto o próprio conceito de civilização. Quando a utilização do concreto é a de material estrutural recebe a denominação de concreto estrutural que pode ser de três tipos diferentes: concreto simples sem qualquer tipo de armadura; concreto armado quando há uma armadura não pré-tracionada. Quanto ao objetivo geral, ele se propôs a analisar as principais propriedades mecânicas e físicas do concreto com adição de acetato de vinila e polipropileno. A substituição parcial da areia pelo polipropileno teve um excelente desempenho quanto à resistência a compressão devido ao bom adensamento do polímero com a massa de cimento, baixa porosidade. Isso se deve a boa homogeneização que a mesa vibratória forneceu aos corpos de prova utilizados no teste. A correlação amplamente utilizada de que a resistência à tração do concreto corresponde a 10% da sua resistência à compressão não pode ser feita livremente. Um dos principais fatores que afetam as condições de trabalhabilidade da mistura é a percentagem de agregado de etileno acetato de vinila (EVA). As misturas com 60% de EVA evidenciaram os melhores resultados, sendo que o traço 1:3 apresentou uma consistência plástica sem segregação nem flutuação do agregado. Existe um potencial sustentável na busca de recursos alternativos para confecção de matéria prima de construção civil.
A RESPONSABILIDADE DOS ESTADOS PERANTE O NÃO CUMPRIMENTO DOS INSTRUMENTOS INTERNACIONAIS REFERIDOS Á DEFICIÊNCIA
Authors: Morán Santos Emiliano Ezequiel
Published: August 2022

A inclusão de novos instrumentos ao Direito Internacional Privado e aos Direitos Humanos ampliou muito as fronteiras de aplicação das normas; mas estes nem sempre são recipientes de toda as possibilidades que podem ser apresentadas na realidade. Embora os novos tratados e convenções insistam em incluir novos grupos nas esferas de proteção dos direitos humanos, não deixando espaço para brechas legais ou lacunas lógicas, às vezes os instrumentos não trazem toda as soluções necessárias para enfrentar e lidar com os possíveis problemas que surgirem. Essas convenções, especificamente a Convenção sobre os Direitos das Pessoas com Deficiência das Nações Unidas, carecem de mecanismos de responsabilidade em caso de descumprimento das obrigações internacionais a que os Estados Parte se submetem, por isso é necessário realizar aplicações análogas de outros Institutos de Direito Internacional. A referida ausência é um grande gerador de problemas interpretativos, falhando na missão de proporcionar segurança jurídica às pessoas cujos direitos são violados.
A GEOGRAPHICAL ANALYSIS OF THE POPULATION CONCENTRATION OF AL-HUSSAINIYA DISTRICT IN KARBALA GOVERNORATE - IRAQ FOR THE PERIOD 2009-2019 CE‎
Authors: RIDHA Waseem Abdulwahid
Published: August 2022

This research adopts a distinctive geographical approach based on the statistical indicators the researcher has by field work, in addition to the available data from official government institutions. The research aims to clarify the concentration of the population of Al- Husseiniya district in Karbala governorate for the period 2009-2019 CE, on the basis of the fact that the district is divided into (55) regions with different areas, which enabled the research to show detailed results and clear comparisons and contrasts. The research consists of three sections, the first dealt with the geographical factors affecting the concentration of the population of Al-Hussainiya district, wich come in two kinds : the natural factors (terrain, climate, soil and water resources), and the human factors (Economic, transportational, historical, religious, administrative and planning factors,). and it turns out that water resources and economic factors have The most noticeable impact among other factors in this regard. The second section was concerned with the distribution of the population of Al-Hussainiya district based on indicators of numerical, relative, density and environmental distribution, which showed a growth in population and population density, and also proved the purely rural character of the district, with a rural population of 84.1% in 2019 CE.As for the third section, it was concerned with the study of the population concentration in the district of Al-Hussainiya, and the registration of the provinces (Abu Zrant, Kaka’iya, Alwand, Al-Jaifiniyah, Umm Gharagir, Al-Haswa) showed the highest percentage of population concentration, while the lowest percentage of population concentration was recorded in the provinces (Gharbia Karoud, Al-Awarah Al- Wusta, Al-Awarah Al-Kabirah, Al-Abitar, Abu Aseed, Al-Kakaiyah Al-Gharbia)‎‎‎.‎ Key words: Population Concentration, Population Distribution, Density Distribution, Environmental Distribution, Diffuse Pattern, Crowded Pattern.
PRE-SCHOOL EDUCATION IN MOUNTAIN AREAS: PUTTING FRAMEWORK LAW 51-17 INTO PERSPECTIVE, CASE OF THREE RURAL COMMUNES IN THE PROVINCE OF AL HAOUZ (AMIZMIZ, LALLA TAKERKOUST AND AMGHRASS)
Authors: SADQAOUI Abdelilah , BOUGROUM Mohammed
Published: August 2022

This article starts from a double premise. The first is the organic link between the societal project desired by Morocco and the challenges posed by the educational structure. The second assumption refers to the paramount role of early childhood education and, in particular, pre- school education in the school system. Indeed, Morocco, a developing country, cannot really be part of the dynamics of globalization and cannot be able to meet the economic, social, environmental and political demands of its development model without changing its educational chain to make it a lever to enhance its human capital. This includes the development of preschool education. The objective of our research is to carry out a diagnosis of the state of play of preschool education in the four communes of Lalla Takerkoust, Amizmiz, and Amghrass. Then, in a second step to measure the applicability of the strategic vision in these three components.‎ Key words: Social Project, Development, Education, Preschool Education, Access, Equity, Quality.
THE RIGHT TO LIFE AND PHYSICAL INTEGRITY
Authors: ZEGOUARENE Samia
Published: August 2022

The right to life , protection against torture , inhuman and degrading treatments , the prohibition of slavery , servitude and forced labor aim to protect the physical and moral integrity of the human person.These rights are enshrimed in several national (constitutions), international and regional legal orders. As for the international legal orders , it is the universal declarationn of human rights of 1948 (articles 4,5,6,7 and8), the international covenant on civil and political rights of 1966 . We can cite the European court of human rights , the charter on fundamental rights of European Union in year 2000 (articles 2, 4 et 5) , the American convention of human rights of 1969 (articles 4,5 et 6) , the African charter on human and people’s right of 1981 (articles 4 5) , the arab charter of human rights (article 5) , this charter wich has never manifested itself in the field of human right. It is imprtant to note that the right to life and the physical integrity probe absolute right ( they are among the smal hard core of rights deemed intangible or inderogeable by international law,because they do not suffer from any legitimate restructions unlike other rights which have restructions. As for the problem that arises in our communication, it consists in defining the right to life and to physical integritiy , while evoking the mechanisms for their protection by international human rights law (international conventions ,international covenants ,declarations and charters).‎ Key words: The Right; The Life; Physical Integrity; Mechanism; Protection.
CONTRIBUTION OF REINSURANCE BUSINESS TO THE ECONOMY
Authors: Kajwang Ben
Published: August 2022

Purpose: Insurance provides protection against financial aspects of a premature death, injury, and loss of property, loss of earning power, legal liability or other unexpected expenses. However, the industry’s contribution to the economy goes much further. One could point to the millions of people employed in insurance and related activities, to the billions of income taxes and premium taxes paid and to extensive charitable works. But, significant as they are, insurers also need protection against risk. That is why reinsurance has developed in last two centuries. The importance of reinsurance is reflected in the costs insurers are willing to pay to acquire reinsurance protection and the fact that without adequate protection the insurance companies might not be licensed to do business. The purpose of this work is to enhance the reader’s understanding on the various contribution of reinsurance business to the economy.

Methodology: A desktop literature review was used for this purpose. Relevant journal articles for the study were identified using search engines such as Google Scholar, Google Books, Semantic Scholar, Science.gov and Research Gate. The studies included in the study were note that were less than ten years old.

Findings: From the findings, researchers have shown that without the guarantee of reinsurance, most businesses could not operate as they do today, and construction projects could not go forward.

Recommendations: This study recommended that insurance firms should seek for re-insurance as it provides for protection against the potential large accumulations of individual losses that can result from catastrophic events. Insurance firms should also seek for reinsurance as an effort to restrict the loss to their balance sheets, and in that sense, helps them to stay solvent. Other firms should also be insured in firms that have undertaken reinsurance in order to add stability to the   firms   by evening out the results of the insurance companies as they continue to absorb the impact of large losses which would have led to very damaging results to the individual insurance companies. Moreover, insurance firms should consider regional reinsurance so that in case of a national catastrophe, the foreign firms can be in a position to compensate.
AREA as an Information Clearinghouse
Authors: Johns Hyland
Published: August 2022

A proposal that the Arboricultural Research and Education Academy of the International Shade Tree Conference establish an information clearinghouse for research in arboriculture. With a central office to serve as resource center, appropriately staffed, much greater benefit can be achieved from past, present and future expenditures for research.
Tree Spade Vs. Bare Root Planting
Authors: Cool Robert
Published: August 2022

In 1973 the City of Lansing began a study to investigate the economical feasibility of using a Vermeer TS44T tree spade to plant street trees. A ten year average mortality rate for newly planted bare root street trees was found to be 41%. Tree spade planted trees had a mortality rate of less than 5%. Results of the study showed that 2.5 surviving tree spade trees could be planted for the same cost as one surviving bare root tree. A two year update of the 1973 study showed the basic premise to be valid. The new data showed that bare root mortality was 28% and the tree spade mortality was 1% resulting in 1.5 surviving tree spade trees being planted at the same cost as one surviving bare root tree.
Effect of temperature on the spread of Covid-19 in Qatar, Kuwait and other Gulf countries
Authors:   CSE Dept., Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Qatar, Abujazar Maha , Al-Awadhi Shafiqah ,   Dept. of Statistics and Operations research, Faculty of Science, Kuwait University P.O Box 5969, Safat 13060, Kuwait, Rachdi Mustapha ,   CNRS/UGA/OrangeLabs Telecom4Health, Faculty of Medicine, University Grenoble Alpes (UGA), 38700 La Tronche, France, Bensmail Halima ,   Qatar Computing Research Institute, Hamad Bin Khalifa University
Published: August 2022

Background: COVID-19 has emerged as a serious pandemic that emerged during since the end of 2019. The dissemination and survival of coronaviruses have been demonstrated to be affected by ambient temperature in epidemiological and laboratory research. The goal of this investigation was to see if temperature plays a role in Methods: Between March 29, 2020, and September 29, 2020, daily confirmed cases and meteoro-logical parameters in many Gulf countries were collected. Using a generalized additive model, we investigated the nonlinear relationship between mean temperature and COVID-19 confirmed cases.. To further investigate the association, we employed a piecewise linear regression. Results: According to the exposure-response curves, the association between mean temperature and COVID-19 cases was nearly linear in the window of 21-30degreeC while it is almost flat beyond that window. When the number was below 21degreeC (lag 0-14), each 1degreeC increase was associated with a 4:861 percent (95 percent CI: 3:209 􀀀 6:513) increase in mean temperature (lag 0-14). Our sensitiv-ity analysis confirmed these conclusions. Conclusions: Our findings show a positive linear association between mean temperature and the number of COVID-19 cases with a threshold of 21degreeC. There is little evidence that COVID-19 case numbers would rise as the weather becomes colder, which has important consequences for making health strategy and decision.
An Analytical Study on Tax Planning Measures by Salaried Women Assessees of Multinational Companies in Bangalore
Authors: Dr. B. A. Karunakarareddy  , Vedanandaprabhu P G
Published: August 2022

The aim of the paper ‘An analytical Study on Tax Planning Measures by Salaried Women Assessees of Multinational Companies in Bangalore’. is to spread awareness about the importance of tax payment and the schemes available for individual tax payers in Multinational companies under the Income Tax Act, 1961. Taxes are looked at as unnecessary burden and many people find it unjust to pay more taxes as their income increases. This paper will bring up the positive effects of timely tax payment and the benefits that can be enjoyed along with it. Taxation is supposed to be a helping hand for the overall development of the nation. In karnataka, Government and Non-government employees invested more on investment than on philanthropic items and, they invested more in provident fund, national pension schemes , life insurance schemes and group insurance, which were a mandatory for them.
Clinical Significance of the Relationship Between D-dimer and Erythrocyte Distribution Width in Covid-19 Patients
Authors: Karagulle Mustafa
Published: August 2022

Introduction: Red cell distribution width (RDW) is a marker that can be used in the presence of systemic inflammation and evaluating thromboembolic condition.We aimed to evaluate the relationship between RDW and the level of D-dimer known as related to adverse events in Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in this study.
Methods: One hundred twenty two patients with COVID-19 and 62 healthy individuals with age and sex-matched were enrolled in the present study. The patients were divided into two groups based on evaluating their D-dimer level. The first group contained 45 patients with higher D-dimer level whereas the second group contained 77 patients with normal D-dimer level.
Results: RDWvalues were found to be higher in patients with COVID-19 and higher D-dimer level than patients with normal D-dimer level and control group. These results were found to be statistically significant (P=0.006 and P=0.013, respectively). Among patients with COVID-19, a positive correlation was observed between RDW and D-dimer level (r=0.270, P=0.003). Among the various variables associated with higher D-dimer in multivariate logistic regression analyses, RDW detected an independent predictor of higher D-dimer in COVID-19 patients (95% CI: CI:0.322-0.979, P=0.042).
Conclusion: The results indicated that high RDW values in patients with COVID-19 disease could be used as a marker in clinical follow-up of patients as D-dimer.
The Relationship of Resistin with Disease Severity, Inflammation and Insulin Resistance in Cirrhosis Patients
Authors: Efe Serdar
Published: August 2022

Introduction: Glucose intolerance has been shown to play an important role in the progression of early liver disease to cirrhosis. It has been suggested that insulin resistance is responsible for glucose intolerance in patients with chronic liver disease. It is thought that increased resistin through chronic inflammation in chronic liver disease may be responsible for insulin resistance. In our study, we aimed to evaluate the relationship of resistin which is released from adipose tissue with insulin resistance, inflammation markers and disease stage in patients with cirrhosis. Methods: Forty-six patients diagnosed with cirrhosis in Eskişehir Osmangazi University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Gastroenterology between March 2008 and July 2009, and 19 healthy individuals as a control group were included in the study. Patients with a diagnosis of Diabetes Mellitus, other endocrine disease or Hepatocellular Carcinoma, with fasting blood glucose above 126 mg/dl and using drugs that may affect glucose metabolism were excluded from the study. Participants with obesity were determined by skinfold thickness (biceps, triceps, suprailiac and subscapular) measurement. Statistical analyzes were performed by excluding obese patients from the study and control groups. AssayMax Human Resistin ELISA Kit was used to determine serum resistin level. The "Homaostatic Model for Insulin Resistance" (HOMA-IR) formula was used to detect insulin resistance. The studied parameters were statistically compared between the study and control groups and also between the three groups (Child Pugh stage A, B and C) formed according to the disease stage in the study group.
Results: All laboratory parameters reflecting insulin resistance, inflammation markers and resistin levels were found to be significantly higher in the study group. As the Child Pugh stage advances, which is used to determine the severity and prognosis of the disease, resistin levels found higher, but it was observed that the rate of patients with decreased insulin resistance had lower levels in total fat ratio. No significant correlation was found between resistin and other markers of insulin resistance except fasting insulin level.
Conclusion: In the future metabolism studies which to be performed in patients with cirrhosis detection of skinfold thickness may be useful in determining body fat ratio. Insulin resistance markers are significantly higher in patients with cirrhosis, as disease severity advances resistin levels increases. We are in the opinion that resistin does not contribute to the development of insulin resistance, which occurs with different mechanisms in patients with cirrhosis.
Leg Length Measurement with Smartphone Application during Surgery: Useful, Easy and Reliable Method
Authors: Yavuz İbrahim Alper
Published: August 2022

Giriş: Bacak Uzunluk Eşitsizliği (BUE), Kalça Artroplastisindeki ana problemlerden biridir. Ameliyat sırasında tanımlanmış birçok yönteme rağmen altın standart yöntem henüz mevcut değildir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, kalça artroplastisi ameliyatlarında bir ölçüm yöntemi olarak akıllı telefon uygulama programını değerlendirmek ve uygulama ölçüm yöntemlerini karşılaştırmaktır.
Yöntemler: Aralık 2018 ile Aralık 2019 tarihleri arasında primer koksartroz nedeniyle opere edilen ardışık 166 hasta çalışmaya dahil edildi. Ameliyat sırasında bacak uzunluğunu eşitlemek için iki yöntem (steril mezura ve uygulama programı) kullanıldı. Bu yöntemler birbirleriyle ve ameliyat öncesi ve sonrası ortoröntgenografi ile karşılaştırıldı.
Bulgular: Preoperatif ve intraoperatif uygulama ile ölçülen değerler ile preoperatif ve postoperatif ortoröntgenografi ile ölçülen değerler arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı fark yoktu (p<0.05). Steril mezura ile yapılan ölçüm sonucu bulunan değerler ile uygulama ile bulunan sonuçlar arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı fark bulundu (p<0.05).
Sonuç: Uygulama programı kullanımı, ameliyat sırasında BUE'ni değerlendirmek için kullanılan kolay, ucuz ve güvenilir bir yöntemdir. Bu yöntemle ölçümler doğru bir şekilde yapılabilmektedir. Bu yöntem, BUE'ni değerlendirmede ek veya birincil yöntem olarak kullanılabilir.
The effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on the case profile of the Pathology Department of a tertiary hospital: Comparison of the number of cases and malignancy rates between 2019 and 2020
Authors: Yalcin Gulsum Seyma
Published: August 2022

Giriş: COVID-19 (Koronavirüs hastalığı-2019) pandemisi nedeniyle sağlık kuruluşlarına COVID-19 dışı nedenlerle yapılan başvuruların sayısı genel olarak birçok nedenden dolayı azalmıştır. Pandeminin üçüncü basamak bir hastanenin patoloji bölümüne etkilerini belgelemek için 2019 ve 2020 vaka sayılarının, malign ve malign olmayan kategori oranlarıyla birlikte araştırılması amaçlanmıştır.
Yöntemler: Türkiye'de üçüncü basamak bir hastanenin patoloji bölümünde 2019 ve 2020 yıllarında rutin olarak incelenen tüm patoloji raporları hastane kayıtlarından değerlendirildi. Karşılaştırma amacıyla, vakalar Türkiye'deki ilk COVID-19 vakasının (11 Mart 2020) öncesi ve sonrası (COVID öncesi ve sonrası dönem) olarak ele alındı. Tüm olgular malign ve malign olmayan olarak tanı kategorilerine ayrıldı. Ayrıca biyopsiler ve sitolojiler hem birlikte, hem de ayrı ayrı değerlendirildi.
Bulgular: Toplam 23325 patoloji raporu (2019'da 14105, 2020'de 9220 vaka) değerlendirildi. Bir önceki yılın aynı dönemine göre 2020 yılı COVID sonrası dönemde tüm vakalarda %43,6, biyopsilerde %41,3 ve sitoloji vakalarında %47,4 azalma tespit edildi. 2020 vakalarının COVID sonrası dönemdeki malignite oranı 2019'dakinden daha yüksekti (sırasıyla %13,1 ve %10,6, p<0,001). Vaka hacminde %84,9 ile en belirgin düşüşün ve aynı zamanda %25,7 ile en yüksek malignite oranının olduğu ay Nisan 2020 oldu. Hem malign hem de malign olmayan kategorilerde 2020 vakalarının yaş ortalaması 2019 vakalarına göre daha düşüktü (p=0,018 ve p<0,001, sırasıyla). Her iki yılda da kadınlarda malignite oranları anlamlı derecede yüksekti.
Sonuç: Tüm dünyada olduğu gibi bizim bölümümüzde de COVID-19 pandemisi sonrasındaki dönemde patoloji ve sitoloji vaka hacmimizde azalma; ancak malignite oranlarında önemli artışlarla tespit edilmiştir.
A Rare Poisoning Case Due To Aluminium Phosphide Inhalation
Authors: Yalcin Demet
Published: August 2022

Alüminyum fosfit günümüzde tarım ilaçları arasında en sık görülen zehirlenme nedenlerinden biridir. Alüminyum fosfit zehirlenmesi son derece öldürücüdür ve ne yazık ki, belirli bir panzehirin yokluğu çok yüksek ölüm oranlarına neden olur. Alüminyum fosfit topakları, su veya nem ile reaksiyona girerek, toksisitenin primer sorumlusu olan fosfin gazını oluşturur. fosfin gazı güçlü bir mitokondriyal toksindir ve sitokrom c oksidaz enzimini inhibe eder. Alüminyum fosfit zehirlenmesi şiddetli metabolik asidoz, akut respiratuvar distress sendrom, kardiyojenik şok ve çoklu organ yetersizliğine neden olmaktadır. Olguların büyük çoğunluğunu oral alım nedenli zehirlenmeler oluştururken solunumsal kaynaklı alüminyum fosfit zehirlenmesi nadirdir. Bu olgu sunumunda yanlışlıkla alüminyum fosfit zehirlenmesi nedeni ile hayatını kaybeden 22 yaşındaki kadın hastada tanı ve tedavi yaklaşımını sunmayı amaçladık.
A Case Of Pneumonia Caused By Neisseria animaloris
Authors: Onder Taylan
Published: August 2022

Neisseria animaloris, köpek ve kedi ağız boşluklarının bir kommensali olarak kabul edilen, nadir görülen bir zoonotik patojendir. Hayvanlarda ve nadiren insanlarda enfeksiyonlara neden olabilir, genellikle ısırma travması sonrası yara enfeksiyonlarına neden olabilir. Ancak son zamanlarda birçok farklı insan enfeksiyonunda da etken olduğu bildirilmiştir. Bunun nedeni, tanımlama olanaklarının artması olabilir. Bu yazıda hayvan ısırığı ve teması olmayan, yoğun bakım ünitesinde yatırılan N. animaloris pnömonisi olan 77 yaşında erkek hasta sunuldu. Bu olgu, ulaşılabilen literatürde N. animaloris'e bağlı gelişen ventilatör ilişkili pnömoninin ilk olgudur.
Correlation of Stainless Steel Pit Morphology to Humidity-Specific Sea Salt Brine Constituents
Authors: Srinivasan J. , Parey A.M. , Knight A.W. , Schaller R.F. , Locke J.S. , Schindelholz E.J.
Published: August 2022

Immersion exposures of 304 stainless steel ground to a #4 finish were conducted in brines representative of the chemistry of sea salt aerosols at low (40%) and high (76%) relative humidity (RH). Low-RH-equivalent brines resulted in cross-hatched pits, whereas high-RH-equivalent brines produced ellipsoidal, faceted pits. Distinct surface microcracking was observed to be associated only with cross-hatched pits and appeared to correlate with a high concentration of dissolved carbonate species in low-RH-equivalent solutions while being absent in the high-RH-equivalent brines. Correlating these results to brine composition suggested that the concentrations of MgCl2 and dissolved carbonate species in the brines could, in the presence of machining-induced surface microstructure and residual stress, determine pit morphology in marine atmospheres, thereby potentially impacting stress corrosion cracking susceptibility and lifetime prediction.
THE EFFECT OF ORGANIZING MAJOR SPORTS EVENTS ON PUBLIC INTEREST IN SPORT – EXAMPLE OF THE 2018 EUROPEAN HANDBALL CHAMPIONSHIP ANALISED WITH GOOGLE TRENDS TOOL
Authors: Čular Dražen , Tomljanović Mario , Miletić Alen , Babić Matej , Antonić Davorin , Maretić Igor , Kezić Ana
Published: August 2022

The European Handball Championship (EHC), along with the Olympic Games and the World Championships, is the largest sports event in handball. In everyday practice, there is a need for exact measuring of interest for some activity or sport in a particular geographical area. The aim of this paper is to investigate the impact of the organization of the 2018 EHC on public interest in Handball in the territory of the Republic of Croatia. Keywords entered into an Internet search engine can be a useful resource for analyzing the public interest. For the purposes of this study we used the Google Trends network tool for detecting interests before, during and after the EHC. The results show that the greatest interest for handball was expressed in Varaždin county, whereas the 5 top cities were: Varaždin (100%), followed by Osijek (63%), Zagreb (61%), Split (55%), and Rijeka (52%). The presented results show that the organization of major sports events as the EHC affects the increase of interest, and in the analyzed case the interest during the EHC increased up to twenty times compared to the average values (3.14% max values) that occur during the analyzed period.
Patterns of mortality associated with non - communicable diseases in Vietnam from 2008 to 2016
Authors: Van Hoang Thi Hai , Awine Adibase Wisdom , Mai Pham Phuong , Giang Le Minh , Trang Dinh Linh
Published: August 2022

Non - communicable diseases (NCDs) are the leading causes of death and disability globally. In Vietnam, NCDs account for 77% of all deaths. The purpose of this systematic review is to describe the patterns of mortality associated with NCDs in Vietnam from 2006 to 2016. We included 25 studies that reported on health impacts especially on mortality NCDs in Vietnam. From 2008 to 2012, NCDs deaths decreased by 2% (75% vs 73%) and from 2012 to 2016, it increased by 4% (73% vs 77%). The probability of premature deaths of NCDs in 2010, 2012 and 2016 were at 17.5%, 17.4% and 17.0%, respectively. Though the mortality patterns seem to decline over the years, it is not significant enough to conclude, and the probability of dying prematurely is still very high in the country. The percentage of deaths for male was 26.4% (2008), 54.3% (2012), 23.0% (2016) higher than those for female 19.4% (2008), 30.0% (2012), 11.0% (2016). Worldwide, 41 millions people die from non-communicable diseases each year with 15 millions people die between 30 - 69. Cardiovascular diseases remained the main leading cause of NCDs deaths, cancer was the second leading cause of NCDs deaths and projected to increase further in subsequent reports.
Association between neck and shoulder pain and smartphone usage among students of Da Nang University of Medical Technology and Pharmacy
Authors: Ngoc Ngo Thi Bich , Tram Doan Thi Ngoc , Bich Nguyen Thi
Published: August 2022

Smartphone addiction can lead to physical and psychological disorders in users, such as headache, lack of concentration, insomnia, fatigue, increased neck pain and disabilities with reduced range of neck flexion and extension. The main aim of this study was to investigate the association between non - specific neck and shoulder pain and the use of smartphones. A cross - sectional study among 416 undergraduate students from Danang University of Medical Technology and Pharmacy was conducted in 2019. The smartphone addiction scale - short version (SAS-SV) was used to assess smartphone addiction among students while the Neck Disability Index (NDI) scale was used to measure the severity of shoulder pain. Multivariate logistic regression models were used to seek associations between smartphone usage and students’ neck and shoulder pain. The prevalence of smartphone addiction among participants was 46.6%. The average NDI score was 5.31 ± 3.81. The results showed that daily average time using smartphones (p = 0.018) and the posture when using smartphones (p = 0.03) were significantly correlated to the severity of neck and shoulder pain. The multivariate logistic regression models indicated that the factors that have an independent impact on the student’s shoulder and neck pain were gender, school year and the addiction to smartphones. It is recommended to reduce the duration of smartphone use and maintain the proper body posture while using it such as sitting on a chair with a backrest, avoiding unfavorable positions such as lying or standing.
Prevalence of viral gastroenteritis pathogens among hospitalized children under 5 year of age in the process of introducing the RV vaccine in the routine immunization
Authors: Thao Pham Thi Phuong , Mai Chu Thi Ngoc , Ly Le Thi Khanh , Anh Lai Tuan , Thanh Vu Duc , Mai Le Thi Phuong , Quyet Nguyen Tu , Mai Tran Ngoc Phuong , Thiem Vu Dinh , Hien Nguyen Dang , Anh Dang Duc , Trang Nguyen Van
Published: August 2022

Rotavirus (RV), Norovirus (NV), Sapovirus (SaV) and Astrovirus (Ast) are the leading causes of gastroenteritis and mortality in children worldwide. RV vaccines help to reduce the burden of diarrhea while the importance of other viruses is increasing. Therefore, we conducted a cross-sectional descriptive study to determine prevalence of these viruses in hospitalized children under 5 years old in Nam Dinh province with approximately 80% of RV vaccine coverage. We randomly selected 579 (25%) among diarrheal samples collected in 4 district hospitals from Dec. 2017 to Nov. 2019. An ELISA kit was employed to detect RV and the multiplex real-time RT-PCR with specific primers to detect NV, SaV and Ast. These viruses were found among 64.3% of hospitalized children, of which NV and RV were present in 28.5% and 21.4%, respectively, while SaV and Ast were detected in 3.3% and 2.6%, respectively. Co-infections accounted for 8.5%, mainly among RV and 3 other viruses. There is a significant difference in RV and NV positive rates between vaccinated and unvaccinated groups (p < 0.001 and p = 0.008, respectively). This study contributed to the understanding of the potential impact of rotavirus vaccine on other diarheal pathogens and emphasize the need for further epidemiological studies when the nationwide RV vaccination in Vietnam is implementing.
ЗАКОНОМІРНОСТІ ІНКЛЮЗИВНОГО РОЗВИТКУ СІЛЬСЬКИХ СПІЛЬНОТ У СКЛАДІ ТЕРИТОРІАЛЬНИХ ГРОМАД
Authors: Павлик Володимир
Published: August 2022

Викладено з позицій інклюзивності інноваційні рішення щодо встановлення взаємозв’язку, вирівнювання, вимірювання соціальних, економічних, політичних показників, які характеризують розвиток спільнот у складі територіальних громад на прикладі Терешківської спільноти Барської територіальної громади.
PREREQUISITES FOR NON -FUNGIBFUNGIBLE TOKEN ACCOUNTING
Authors: Kostyuchenko Valentyna , Kalenychenko Anastasiia , Tsopa Kateryna
Published: August 2022

Today, in the world and in Ukraine, in particular, along with fiat money, there are cryptocurrencies in circulation. One type of cryptocurrency is non-fungible tokens (NFT). NFT is a type of digital asset created on the blockchain basis, which allows you to obtain ownership of a product that exists exclusively on the network (images, videos, animations). NFT opens up new opportunities for intellectual property objects. The purpose of the article is to research the theoretical foundations of cryptocurrency accounting, in particular one of its types, non non-fungible token (NFT). NFT framework is the ERC-721 (Ethereum Request for Comments 721) standard for issuing and trading non-fungible assets. The creation of legislative norms to regulate relations related to cryptocurrencies has just begun in Ukraine. The Law "On Virtual Assets" was adopted in Ukraine, but it has not entered into force. Accounting issues remain unsettled due to the lack of a regulatory framework.
ЦИВІЛІЗАЦІЙНИЙ ПІДХІД ДО РОЗВИТКУ ОПОРНОЇ ШКОЛИ ЯК МІНІСУСПІЛЬСТВА
Authors: Калініна Людмила , Лісова Наталія
Published: August 2022

Розглянуто багатовекторність розвитку опорної школи як мінісуспільства з позицій системної методології, реформаційних змін, що закріплені в нових нормативно-законодавчих актах. Значну увагу авторами приділено новим тенденціям розвитку цифрового суспільства, впливу його на систему загальної середньої освіти, зокрема опорні заклади освіти територіальних громад, та формування учнів як особистостей, людей культури цифрової епохи, гідних довіри.
ДО ПИТАННЯ ПРО МОЖЛИВІСТЬ ОСКАРЖЕННЯ СЛІДЧОМУ СУДДІ ПОСТАНОВИ ПРОКУРОРА ПРО ВІДМОВУ У ЗАДОВОЛЕННІ КЛОПОТАННЯ ПРО СКАСУВАННЯ ЗАПОБІЖНОГО ЗАХОДУ ДЛЯ ПРОХОДЖЕННЯ ВІЙСЬКОВОЇ СЛУЖБИ ЗА ПРИЗОВОМ ПІД ЧАС МОБІЛІЗАЦІЇ, НА ОСОБЛИВИЙ ПЕРІОД ЗА КРИМІНАЛЬНИМ ПРОЦЕСУЛЬ
Authors: Верхогляд-Герасименко Олена
Published: August 2022

Стаття присвячена аналізу питання щодо можливості оскарження слідчому судді постанови прокурора про відмову у задоволенні клопотання сторони захисту про скасування запобіжного заходу для проходження військової служби за призовом під час мобілізації, на особливий період за кримінальним процесуальним кодексом України.
THE “UZERLIKTAPA CULTURE” IN KARABAKH - AZERBAIJAN
Authors: Mammadova Aida
Published: August 2022

İn the Middle Bronze period, primary city centers were formed in Azerbaijan – Karabakh, and progress was made in the economic sphere. This is a city whose wealth comes from the workers. This settlement is located in the MIL-Karabakh plain, east of the city of Agdam. The thickness of the cultural layer in this place of residence has reached 3 m. In the northern part, the remains of the defensive wall were discovered and the construction features were studied. In the north-western part of the excavation site, broken black-polished large bowl with wheat inside, lid, black-polished miniature plate fractures, grain stones, supports, 8 number of sickle teeth made of flint stone and a cudgel head were obtained. From the south side along the wall of the dwelling were obtained plastered floor remains, a hearth made of stone with burnt grain, a woman's statue of clay and broken clay objects. The materials of the upper layer of uzerliktapanon are large red-colored dishes, kitchen utensils, monochrome patterned dishes, barbecue and various stone models and smelters (weaving tool). Nakhchivan is considered the homeland of painted dishes in Azerbaijan. The acquisition of painted dishes in Karabakh gave researchers reason to say that there were economic and cultural relations between these two cultural centers.
ALTERATION IN THROMBOGENIC PARAMETERS AS A POTENTIAL RAMIFICATION OF HIGH ALTITUDE INFLUENCE ON INDIVIDUALS
Authors: Nadeem Tarana , Tyravska Yuliya
Published: August 2022

The peculiarity of alteration in platelet indices among other physiological changes on adaptation to high altitude is controversial. This review has revealed insufficient information about how changes in platelet indices can be attributed as a consequence of high-altitude terrain. Further clinical trials are necessary to understand the potential relation between high altitude and changes in thrombocytes and their activity.
MODELING OF GELS WITH SALICYLIC ACID AND CANNABIS SEED OIL FOR THE TREATMENT OF ACNE VULGARIS
Authors: Ramanauskiene Kristina , Inkenas Kasparas , Ramanauskas Jokubas , Inkeniene Asta
Published: August 2022

The aim of this study is to model gels with salicylic acid and cannabis seed oil for cutaneous application, characterized their quality parameters and antimicrobial activity.
DEVELOPMENT OF OPHTHALMIC IN SITU GELS WITH POPULUS BALSAMIFERA BUDS EXTRACT AND QUALITY EVALUATION
Authors: Stanciauskaite Monika , Majiene Daiva , Ramanauskiene Kristina
Published: August 2022

The aim of this study is to insert the aqueous balsam poplar buds extract in the in situ ophthalmic gels and to evaluate their quality.
IMPACT OF THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC ON THE ENERGY MARKET: AN ASSESSMENT OF THE EVIDENCE
Authors: Asgarov Akbar , Abdullayev Zafar , Yagubov Orkhan
Published: August 2022

COVID-19, a unique virus, is the 21st century's unexpected crisis. It affects both individuals' daily lives and the world economy's sustainability. Correct economic appraisal of the crisis's impacts is critical for forecasting how businesses, sectors, and, more specifically, stock prices would behave in a future crisis time. That is why this paper will assess the effects of Covid-19 on one of the most vital sectors of the economy, the energy sector. The findings in the research indicate that the energy industry will experience both disadvantageous and beneficial economic repercussions. Furthermore, the share prices of energy companies that generate both traditional and renewable energy were compared in the early stages of the pandemic, during the lockdowns and softening period, using data collected and systematized from stock exchange markets (the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE) and NASDAQ) and databases that show actual stock prices (Bloomberg and Yahoo Finance).
НОВЫЙ ПУТЬ СИНТЕЗА АЦЕТИЛЕНИДОВ РТУТИ
Authors: Обосян Н. , Балян К. , Мовсисян Л. , Овсепян В. , Саргсян A.
Published: August 2022

Осуществлен синтез диацетиленидов ртути, основанный на применении 1-алкинов в присутствии ацетата ртути, 1,2-диаминоалканов и аминоспиртов. Метод удобен как с точки зрения доступности исходных веществ, так и условий проведения реакции.
ОСОБЛИВОСТІ ІМІТАТОРІВ КАНАЛІВ ЗВ'ЯЗКУ
Authors: Магомедова Марія , Почерняєв Віталій
Published: August 2022

В роботі розглянуто особливості побудови імітаторів каналів зв'язку на прикладі імітаторів, що знайшли практичне застосування у розробників систем зв'язку. В процесі створення імітатора вибрана математична модель короткохвильового радіоканалу, розроблена структурна схема і проведено порівняння модельованих і реальних спотворень. Описана структурна схема блоку замирань імітатора з дискретною багатопроменевістю.
Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis in food and options for intervention
Authors: Buschulte Anja , Hammer Philipp
Published: August 2022

Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP) is the causative agent of Paratuberculosis in cattle and other domestic ruminants. Due to similarities in pathophysiology, there is an ongoing discussion on whether MAP may be a causative agent for Crohn’s disease (CD) in humans as well. One aspect of this discussion includes the significance of food as a possible vector for transmission. The aim of this review was to collect information on the occurrence of MAP in food and on available intervention options for reduction or elimination during processing to follow precautionary principles in case a zoonotic role of MAP would be evidenced. Except for research on the occurrence and treatment of cow’s milk, studies for MAP in food are rare. Investigations dealing with intervention measures are often based on very few or even single studies with a few number of test strains and repetitions. As an essential research need, the development and validation of accurate and robust detection methods for live MAP cells in food and human samples were identified. Such methods are needed to i) conduct systematic and representative surveys on the occurrence of MAP in food, ii) assess the risk of MAP transmission via food, and iii) evaluate experimental or commercial food processing for their efficacy in controlling MAP. Furthermore, for experimental setup, standardized protocols and technologies are crucial.
Fiber Degradation and Sugars Production of Cotton Stalk by Different Chemical Pretreatment Methods
Authors: Özgül Sevim , Koçar Günnur
Published: August 2022

Cotton stalk can be used as a reinforcement material for biocomposite production and it can be evaluated for biofuel production. The aim of this research is to investigate the effect of different chemical pretreatments on sugar production and fiber production from cotton stalks. For this purpose, thermal assisted alkaline pretreatment, microwave pretreatment with sulfuric acid, and hydrochloric acid pretreatments were performed by varying temperature, reaction time, and concentration. The results were compared according to total sugar amount and cellulose content. The highest amount of total sugar of thermal assisted alkaline pretreatment was 9.98 g/L, microwave pretreatment was 84.80 g/L, and hydrochloric acid pretreatment was 36.58 g/L. Also, the highest amount of cellulose of thermal assisted alkaline, microwave, and hydrochloric acid pretreatment were 64.12%, 62.54%, and 64.12%, respectively. Thus, while microwave pretreatment was the most effective method for total sugar, both alkaline and hydrochloric acid pretreatment had the same highest result for cellulose.
Kentsel Ekolojik Koridor Modeli: Malatya Örneği
Authors: CENGİZ Serhat
Published: August 2022

Günümüzde kentsel alanlardaki genişleme ekosistem süreçleri üzerinde baskı oluşturmaktadır. Bu baskının saptanması ve kontrol edilmesi için ekoloji tabanlı modeller geliştirilmektedir. Bu noktadan hareketle çalışma, Malatya kenti örneğinde enerji akışını ve doğal tür akışını düzenleyecek, kentsel ısı adası etkisini azaltacak ve habitat bağlanabilirliğini artıracak arazi kullanım politikalarının geliştirilmesine katkı sağlayacak ve kentlere rehberlik edecek bir kentsel ekolojik koridor modeli geliştirmeyi amaçlamaktadır. Belirtilen amaca ulaşmak için farklı ölçek ve zamansallıktaki uydu görüntüleri, iklim verileri, topografik veriler ve demografik veri setleri farklı uzaktan algılama ve coğrafi bilgi sistemleri tekniklerini kullanılarak ilişkilendirilmiş ve kentsel ekolojik koridor modeli oluşturulmuştur.

Malatya’da 1985-2021 yılları arasında kentsel büyümenin en çok etkilediği ekosistemin tarımsal ekosistem olduğu saptanmıştır. 2050 yılında kentsel nüfus 888.784 kişiye ulaşacağı öngörüsüne dayanarak kentsel alanların 173 km2’ye ulaşacağı tespit edilmiştir. 1985-2021 döneminde olduğu gibi 2021-2050 yılları arasında tarımsal ekosistemler üzerindeki baskı artarak devam ederken ekosistemler arasındaki bağlantı giderek zayıflayacaktır.

Ekolojik koridorlar, tarım ve bozkır ekosistemine ait ekolojik açıdan en duyarlı ve en büyük bütünleşik lekeler arasında kentsel yayılmayı yönlendirerek, enerji akışı, doğal tür akışı, kentsel ısı adası etkisinin azaltılması, yeraltı su rejiminin düzenlenmesi ve habitat bağlantılılığı gibi çeşitli ekolojik işlevler üstlenecektir. Malatya’da tarımsal ekosistemden 13 ve bozkır ekosisteminden 5 adet ekolojik açıdan duyarlı leke belirlenmiş ve ekosistem lekelerini birbirlerine bağlayan 694 km2 alana sahip ekolojik koridor önerilmiştir.
UPAYA MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR FIQIH MATERI TAYAMMUM DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN METODE DEMONSTRASI PADA SISWA KELAS IIIA MI NW KALIJAGA
Authors: Najwa Safiatun , Hayaturraiyan Hayaturraiyan
Published: August 2022

Penelitian ini di latar belakangi oleh rendahnya hasil belajar siswa kelas III-A MI NW Kalijaga Mata pelajaran fiqih pada materi Tayammum, Hal tersebut di ketahui berdasarkan hasil penelitian yaitu banyaknya siswa yang belum mencapai KBM (71%). Dimana pada kondisi awal pra siklus dari 20 siswa ketuntasan hanya mencapai (40%), yaitu hanya 8 Siswa yang mencapai Kbm dan 12 siswa yang belum tuntas KBM. Peneliti berupaya keras untuk melakukan perbaikan dalam pembelajaran materi tayammum melalui Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK) dengan menggunakan metode Demonstrasi melalui dua siklus. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perbaikan pembelajaran dengan menggunakan metode Demonstrasi  telah di laksanakan dengan baik,  hal ini dapat di lihat dari peningkatan hasil  belajar siswa pada siklus I dari 20 siswa meningkat menjadi 13 siswa yang tuntas KBM, dengan persentase (65%), dan meningkat menjadi 17 Siswa dengan persentase (85%) yang tuntas KBM pada siklus II. Dengan demikian perbaikan pembelajaran fiqih pada materi tayammum dengan menggunakan metode Demonstrasi dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa. Sehingga peneliti memutuskan untuk mengahiri Penelitian Tindakan Kelas hanya sampai II siklus saja.