bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Hong Kong – A Second System in One Single Country
Authors: Fibrich Marek
Published: October 2024

Before handing over Hong Kong to Chinese administration, Beijing promised that “in Hong Kong the Hong Kongers will govern”. The essay evaluates to what extent Chinese promises have been kept. It deals with two aspects of the new arrangement: 1) the sharing of power over a “special admbzistrative region” between Hong Kong and Beijing, 2) the political system within Hong Kong itself.Under the Joint Declaration, Hong Kong retained many of its own attributes which distinguish it from the rest of the Chinese People’s Republic. The economic sphere is in many ways autonomous since China is anxious that it should function properly. But autonomy is questionable in practically all fundamental spheres of the political administration. This goes for the courts, legislative and executive power. Beijing is trying to keep in the background and maintain an appearance of autonomy but in reality it is gradually preparing the effective control of the whole administrative structure which it is able to use should developments in the region go beyond its concepts. The first year of the Chinese administration of Hong King has been astonishingly unspectacular. True, conditions are slowly being tightened up, but there has been no outrageous instance of repression by the state, the suppression of human rights, arrests, etc. The calm development has been helped by the situation in Beijing which, after the accession of Jiang Zemin, has experienced the biggest “thaw” since 1989. But in the autumn of 1998 it became clear that this was yet another of the regular cyclic phases of “relaxation – tightening”. And it is possible that a certain cooling down will appear also in Hong Kong.Beijing also exercised a decisive influence on the formulation of the constitutional Basic Law and on the establishment of a new political system. The government was made up of representatives of elite business circles with whom Beijing had been collaborating when taking over power. Alliance with business circles is part of the strategy of a “united front” to suppress the democratic opposition. The balance of power is considerably tilted in favour of the executive, and practices so far demonstrate that Prime Minister Tung Cheehua consistently bypasses Parliament in his decision-making.In the 1998 elections, the forces of the democratic opposition won 60% of the votes but under direct elections only one-third of the Legislative Council is appointed. Although the democrats clearly won the elections, their parliamentary mandates do not allow them to interfere in government policy.
UN Peace and Security
Authors: Řezanková Ivona
Published: October 2024

Hans-Georg Ehrhart, Konrad Klingenburg: UN-Friedenssicherung 1985-1995. Analyse und Bibliographie. Demokratie, Sicherheit, Frieden, Band 99. Nomos Verlagsgesellschaft, Baden-Baden 1996,397 stran, ISBN 3-7890-4323-0.
Evaluation of compliance of emergency severity index triage levels and demographic characteristics with the outcome of patients referred to the emergency department: A retrospective study
Authors:   Faculty of Nursing, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran, Gholizadgougjehyaran Hamed , Motaarefi Hossein ,   Department of Nursing, Khoy School of Medical Sciences and Health Services, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran, Sakhaei Shahriar ,   Department of Nursing, Khoy School of Medical Sciences and Health Services, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
Published: October 2024

This research sought to examine the relationship between emergency severity index (ESI) triage levels, demographic factors, and patient outcomes. A total of 350 patient cases were analyzed from the emergency department (ED) of Khoy University of Medical Sciences and Health Services Hospital, where ESI triage was systematically implemented. A simple random sampling method was employed for selection. The study identified key variables including age, gender, outcomes, and triage levels, categorizing levels 1 and 2 as high-priority triage and levels 3, 4, and 5 as low priority. Data were retrospectively gathered from the medical records of all patients involved. The outcomes assessed included hospitalization, discharge from the hospital, patient satisfaction, and mortality. Statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS software version 20, employing non-parametric chi-square tests, analysis of variance (ANOVA), and multiple regression, with a significance threshold set at 0.05. The findings revealed a statistically significant correlation between ESI triage levels, demographic characteristics, and the outcomes of patients presenting to the ED (P<0.0001). The results indicate that the ESI triage system demonstrates high accuracy in prioritizing patients and effectively predicting outcomes, thereby serving as a valuable tool in hospital triage processes.
Third-generation nursing schools can lead to improved teaching of critical thinking and problem-solving skills among nursing students
Authors:   School of International Education, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China, Ahmadi Hannaneh
Published: October 2024

To the Editor Considering social, economic, environmental, and internal developments within universities, the need for medical universities, particularly nursing schools, to transition into third-generation universities has become evident [1]. Given the extensive changes in the field of medical sciences and society's needs, shifting perspectives on university education is necessary. Unfortunately, outdated university curricula, the lack of alignment between educational planning and global changes, reliance on traditional teaching methods, and the absence of creative skills among students are some of the main obstacles preventing universities, especially medical and nursing schools, from fulfilling their educational missions [2]. Meanwhile, the higher education system in each country is responsible for training specialized workforces [2]. Undoubtedly, the economic and social added value of any society depends on the performance of its universities. Moving toward third-generation nursing schools is an inevitable process [1].
Serverless Computing in the Edge-Cloud Continuum : Challenges, Opportunities, and a Novel Framework
Authors: Neetu Gangwani
Published: October 2024

This article explores the integration of serverless computing across the edge-cloud continuum, addressing the growing demand for low-latency, data-intensive applications in the era of the Internet of Things (IoT). We present EdgeServe, a novel framework that extends the serverless paradigm to encompass edge devices and cloud resources, overcoming the limitations of traditional cloud-centric approaches. Through comprehensive simulations and real-world case studies, including a smart city traffic management system, an industrial IoT predictive maintenance application, and a mobile augmented reality gaming platform, we evaluate the performance, scalability, and cost-effectiveness of our proposed framework. Our results demonstrate significant improvements in application response times, with latency reductions of up to 82% in time-critical functions, and an average cost reduction of 43% compared to cloud-only serverless deployments. We also observe a 28% decrease in overall energy consumption in certain scenarios. The article addresses key challenges in resource management, data consistency, adaptive function placement, and security in distributed environments. Our findings have important implications for application architects and cloud service providers, paving the way for a new generation of edge-native serverless platforms. This research contributes to the growing body of knowledge on distributed systems and offers insights into the future evolution of serverless computing in heterogeneous computing environments.
Поэтика числа «четыре» в романах Ф.М. Достоевского
Authors: Mikulaco Irena , Romanova Galina
Published: October 2024

В статье рассмотрены примеры частотного использования числительного «четыре» и родственных ему слов в романах Достоевского «Бедные люди», «Униженные и оскорбленные», «Идиот». Этим числом обозначаются периоды, длящиеся четыре часа, дня, недели, года, преимущественно в предыстории героев. Не менее часто используется это число для обозначения денежных сумм (четвертак, четыре рубля, четыреста рублей) и крупного состояния (четыре дома, четыре тысячи крепостных крестьян). Сделан вывод о том, что поэтика числа в произведениях Достоевского характеризует не рациональное сознание, стремящееся все подсчитать, измерить, учесть, а передает неопределенное впечатление множества, количества, значимого для окружающих. В нумерологии Достоевского, часто использовавшего число «четыре», проявляется стремление писателя отойти от традиционной мистики чисел, что становится особым художественным приемом, направленным на усиление достоверности, создания иллюзии реальности и особого художественного эффекта.
REGULATION OF CRYPTOCURRENCIES IN THE EU AND UKRAINE: CHALLENGES AND PROSPECTS
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Nanavov Anton , Blyzniuk Maksym ,   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv
Published: October 2024

In Ukraine, the regulation of cryptocurrencies is still in the formative stage. Over the past few years, significant steps have been taken toward legalizing the cryptocurrency market, including the adoption of the "On Virtual Assets" law, which has been a crucial step toward regulating this segment of the financial market. However, despite considerable progress, challenges remain. It is necessary to ensure the harmonization of national legislation with international standards, which is essential for Ukraine's integration into the global financial system and for attracting investment. The development of cryptocurrencies and financial technologies has a significant impact on traditional financial systems. They open up new opportunities for investors and businesses by reducing the costs of financial transactions and increasing access to financial services. However, these innovations also create new challenges related to security, fraud, and maintaining financial stability. The growing popularity of cryptocurrencies forces regulators to adapt their approaches and implement new control mechanisms. Regulating cryptocurrencies in the EU and Ukraine is a complex and multifaceted process that requires consideration of financial stability, security, and regulatory requirements. On the one hand, EU countries strive to create a unified legal framework for cryptocurrencies that will ensure transparency and reliability in the market. On the other hand, Ukraine is taking its first steps toward regulating this new financial instrument, focusing on integrating with international standards and adapting to new challenges associated with the development of financial technologies. However, to succeed in regulating the cryptocurrency market, a number of key issues need to be addressed. One of the most important aspects is ensuring the proper protection of consumer and investor rights. This includes the implementation of effective mechanisms to protect against fraud, illegal financial transactions, and abuses related to cryptocurrencies. Another important issue is the taxation of transactions involving virtual assets, which requires government agencies to develop clear rules and procedures.
ТРАНСФОРМАЦІЯ СОЦІАЛЬНОЇ ВІДПОВІДАЛЬНОСТІ БІЗНЕСУ ТА КОНТРОЛЮ МІЖНАРОДНИХ ПЕРЕДАЧ ТОВАРІВ (ТЕХНОЛОГІЙ) ПОДВІЙНОГО ПРИЗНАЧЕННЯ
Authors: Волощук К. Б. , Волощук Ю. О.
Published: October 2024

У статті представлені результати дослідження еволюції корпоративної соціальної відповідальності та процедур експортного контролю міжнародних передач товарів (технологій) подвійного використання шляхом застосування транзитних спрощень і гарантій відповідно до чинної Конвенції. Встановлено, що основними сферами корпоративної соціальної відповідальності (КСВ) визначено: дотримання чинного законодавства; дотримання прав людини; співпраця із зацікавленими сторонами; ділова та корпоративна етика; захист навколишнього середовища; дотримання міжнародних стандартів поведінки, а також забезпечення прозорості та підзвітності. Зазначено, що війна призвела до застосування в Україні процедури експортного контролю товарів (технологій) подвійного призначення і сприяє розширенню можливостей спільного транзиту (NCTS) в рамках «митного безвізу». Розбудова нового соціально відповідального бізнесу повинна здійснюватися за європейськими стандартами на інноваційній складові їх розвитку та необхідності враховування фундаментальних людських потреб, основ добробуту та перспективи майбутнього соціального розвитку, що надає змогу зацікавленим сторонам визначати сфери для вдосконалення та здійснювати цілеспрямовані дії для підвищення соціального добробуту, посилює надійність для контрагентів та імпортерів.
ІНСТИТУЦІЙНЕ ЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННЯ ІНТЕГРАЦІЇ ПРИНЦИПІВ БІОЕКОНОМІКИ В УПРАВЛІНСЬКУ ПРАКТИКУ ВІТЧИЗНЯНИХ ПІДПРИЄМСТВ: ОРГАНІЗАЦІЙНІ АСПЕКТИ
Authors: Ніфатова О. М. , Петричук С. І.
Published: October 2024

У статті досліджено актуальну проблематику інституційного забезпечення інтеграції принципів біоекономіки в управлінську практику вітчизняних підприємств з акцентом на організаційні аспекти цього процесу. Актуальність дослідження зумовлена необхідністю трансформації традиційних економічних моделей у відповідь на глобальні виклики, пов'язані з кліматичними змінами та виснаженням природних ресурсів. Мета роботи полягає у теоретико-методологічному обґрунтуванні та розробці рекомендацій щодо формування ефективного інституційного забезпечення для імплементації принципів біоекономіки в управлінську практику вітчизняних підприємств. Методологічною базою дослідження слугує системний підхід, що дозволив розглянути проблему в комплексі взаємопов'язаних факторів. У роботі застосовано методи аналізу та синтезу для виявлення ключових бар'єрів та каталізаторів інтеграції біоекономічних принципів, а також метод мультифакторного аналізу для ідентифікації організаційних аспектів цього процесу. Результати дослідження демонструють наявність суттєвих інституційних прогалин у забезпеченні впровадження біоекономічних принципів на рівні підприємств України. Виявлено комплекс взаємопов'язаних факторів, що формують інституційне середовище для розвитку біоекономіки на мікрорівні, включаючи нормативно-правову базу, інституційну інфраструктуру, фінансові механізми, освітньо-наукове та інформаційно-комунікаційне забезпечення. Ідентифіковано ключові організаційні бар'єри, серед яких інерційність організаційних структур, дефіцит міждисциплінарних компетенцій та фінансові обмеження. Запропоновано комплекс організаційних заходів щодо оптимізації процесу інтеграції принципів біоекономіки, який охоплює стратегічну реконфігурацію, організаційний редизайн, компетентнісний розвиток, технологічну модернізацію та інноваційну екосистему. Практична цінність дослідження полягає у розробці конкретних рекомендацій щодо формування ефективного інституційного забезпечення для впровадження біоекономічних принципів у діяльність вітчизняних підприємств. Запропоновані заходи можуть бути використані як керівництвом підприємств для оптимізації управлінської практики, так і органами державної влади для вдосконалення регуляторної політики у сфері біоекономіки. Результати дослідження створюють підґрунтя для подальших наукових розвідок у напрямку квантифікації ефектів від впровадження біоекономічних принципів та розробки метрик для оцінки «біоекономічної зрілості» організацій.
ДИНАМІКА ЗМІН ЖИВОЇ МАСИ, ВИТРАТ КОРМУ ТА ЕФЕКТИВНІСТЬ ВИРОЩУВАННЯ ХІРУРГІЧНО Й ІМУНОЛОГІЧНО КАСТРОВАНИХ САМЦІВ СВИНЕЙ
Authors: Жданов Дмитро Валерійович , Шпетний Микола Борисович
Published: October 2024

Метою досліджень було встановити залежність інтенсивності росту самців свиней та дослідити економічний ефект від застосування методів хірургічної та імунної кастрації в умовах індустріального свинарського комплексу й оцінити економічну ефективність виробництва свинини за використання різних способів кастрації. Встановлено, що під час підсисного періоду різниця між хірургічно та імунологічно кастрованими самцями свиней в інтенсивності росту склала менше одного відсотка, тоді як в період дорощування вона зросла до 3,8%, а в перший період відгодівлі збільшилась до 6,6%, тоді як в його заключній фазі знизилась до 4,2%. За абсолютними приростами вона становила в підсисний період 0,04 кг, за період дорощування 1,2кг, в перший період відгодівлі 2,5 кг, а в заключній її фазі 2,4 кг. За середньою живою масою на початок і на кінець підсисного періоду різниця була незмінною і склала всього 0,8%, тоді як по завершенню періоду дорощування вона сягнула 4,3%, на кінець першого періоду відгодівлі становила 5,6%, та на кінець останнього йог періоду склала 4,9%. Доведено, що при проведені імунокастрації кнурців порівняно з хірургічною кастрацією за сухого типу годівлі відбулося підвищення середньодобових приростів на дорощуванні на 5,21% та на відгодівлі на 10,11%, абсолютних приростів на дорощуванні на 18,46% й на відгодівлі на 5,30%, зростання живої маси тварин по завершенню відгодівлі на 7,40%, покращення конверсії корму на дорощуванні на 1,48%, на відгодівлі на 4,33% та на 5,04% від народження до забою. Водночас імунокастровані самці свиней спожили за життя більше на 2,54 % кормів, вартість яких була на 5,07% вищою порівняно з хірургічними кастратами, а з врахуванням вартості вакцинації на 8,84%. Тоді як вартість кормів і вакцини в розрахунку на 1 кг приросту виявилась лише на 1,27% вищою у імунокастрованих тварин порівняно з хірургічно кастрованими аналогами.
Literacki obraz dorastania w świecie nowych technologii we współczesnej literaturze dla młodzieży na przykładzie powieści Clémentine Beauvais Pasztety, do boju!
Authors: Psujek Dominika Elżbieta
Published: October 2024

Artykuł został poświęcony analizie literackiego obrazu dorastania w kulturze nowych mediów na przykładzie powieści Pasztety, do boju! Clémentine Beauvais (2015) jako pozycji reprezentatywnej dla nurtu współczesnej literatury dla młodzieży o wartościach psychoedukacyjnych. Pod uwagę wzięte zostały wewnątrztekstowe strategie zastosowane w powieści oraz zawartość treściowa. Rozważania obejmują aspekt obecności nowych technologii i zjawisk im towarzyszących w tworzywie fabularnym powieści oraz ważny temat dydaktycznej i psychoedukacyjnej roli pozycji młodzieżowej, szczególnie w kontekście cyberprzemocy oraz nabywania przez nastoletnich czytelników kompetencji medialnych.
Imaginary Geography of Children’s Books: Adding One More Dimension
Authors: Bukhina Olga
Published: October 2024

This review paper explores the 2022 collection Storybook Worlds Made Real: Essays on the Places Inspired by Children’s Narratives, edited by Kathy Merlock Jackson and Mark I. West. The 18 chapters of the collection cover a range of theme parks and literary playgrounds related to children’s literature, spanning Europe, America, and, to a lesser extent, Asia. The chapters combine historical and theoretical approaches with detailed descriptions of the parks and engaging first-person travel narratives. Inspired by diverse book characters – from German fairy-tale gnomes through Peter Rabbit and Alice to Pippi Longstocking, Moomins, and ubiquitous Harry Potter – numerous theme parks became a fertile ground for discussing many important topics, including children’s imagination, reading encouragement, authenticity, simulation, commercialisation, Americanisation, Disneyfication, and Pottermania.
APPLICATION OF INDIVIDUAL COUNSELING WITH COGNITIVE DEFUSION TECHNIQUES TO OVERCOME FEELINGS OF INSECURITY IN ADOLESCENT VICTIMS OF BULLYING
Authors: Warni Intan Setia , Razzaq Abdur , Putra Bela Janare
Published: October 2024

This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of individual counseling using cognitive defusion techniques in reducing feelings of insecurity among bullied adolescents. Cognitive defusion, a component of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT), helps individuals change their response to negative thoughts. The research method used is quantitative with a quasi-experimental design, where 60 bullied adolescents were randomly divided into experimental and control groups. The experimental group received individual counseling sessions with cognitive defusion techniques for eight weeks, while the control group did not receive any intervention. Data on the level of insecurity were collected using the Insecure Feelings Scale (IFS) before and after the intervention. The results showed that the experimental group experienced a significant decrease in feelings of insecurity, with the average IFS score decreasing by 40% from 75 to 45. In contrast, the control group did not show significant changes in the IFS scores. Paired and unpaired t-tests indicated that this decrease was statistically significant (p < 0.001). These findings suggest that cognitive defusion techniques are effective in reducing feelings of insecurity among bullied adolescents. The practical implications of these findings are the importance of integrating cognitive defusion techniques into school counseling programs to help adolescents cope with the psychological impacts of bullying. Recommendations for future research include using a more rigorous research design with full randomization and exploring the long-term effects of this intervention in various cultural and geographical contexts.
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN QUARTER-LIFE CRISIS AND THE LEVEL OF RELIGIOSITY IN FINAL-YEAR STUDENTS
Authors: Putri Isabella Cantika , Suryati Suryati , Fitri Hartika Utami
Published: October 2024

This study aims to determine whether there is a relationship between quarter-life crisis and religiosity. This study used a quantitative approach with a correlational type of research. The population in the survey was final-year students of the Faculty of Da'wah and Communication, which amounted to 638 students. From the sampling technique used using Slovin, there was a sample of 87 students. This study takes a quantitative approach with correlational research that aims to determine how two variables are connected. This field study uses questionnaire-based data collection methods and documentation, with 25 statement items from each instrument. The design of this study is to correlate Pearson product moments. The results showed that the average student experienced a quarter-life crisis and a moderate level of religiosity. Meanwhile, the Correlation test results show a strong relationship between the quarter-life crisis and the level of religiosity in final-year students of the Faculty of Da'wah and Communication. The relationship is determined based on the interpretation of the correlation coefficient, which is in the range of 0.60-0.799—testing the data hypothesis in research that has been done, where the higher the quarter-life crisis experienced, the higher the level of religiosity in students.
EVALUATION OF THE APPLICATION OF SOCIAL INTERACTION THEORY IN INSTILLING CHARACTER VALUES
Authors: Wahyuni Sri , Ernawati Ernawati , Muhajir Muhajir , Hatip Ahmad
Published: October 2024

This research aims to evaluate the application of social interaction theory in instilling character values within Islamic Religious Education (PAI) subjects at Islamic educational institutions. The study investigates the extent to which social interaction theory is applied, the factors influencing its effectiveness, and the impact of social interaction on students' character formation. A qualitative approach was utilized, employing a case study design. Data were collected through in-depth interviews with PAI teachers, school administrators, and students, as well as classroom observations and document analysis. Thematic analysis was used to identify patterns and themes from the data. The findings reveal that social interaction plays a significant role in character education, especially when teachers actively engage students in discussions, peer collaboration, and group work. Schools that provide adequate institutional support and have smaller class sizes create an environment where social interaction can flourish, leading to stronger internalization of values such as empathy, respect, and responsibility. However, the study also highlights challenges such as rigid curricula, cultural resistance, and technological limitations, which hinder the effective implementation of interactive learning methods. In conclusion, social interaction theory offers a valuable framework for character development in PAI learning. Its success depends on the commitment of educators and institutions to fostering collaborative and reflective learning environments. Addressing the identified challenges will be essential for maximizing the benefits of social interaction in character education.
30 años de lucha y movilización social: la Asociación 22 de Abril en Guadalajara
Authors:   Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de Occidente, Eufracio Jaramillo Jorge
Published: October 2024

Este artículo buscará explicar el papel que desempeñan las emociones en un grupo organizado de personas lesionadas por las explosiones del 22 de abril de 1992 en Guadalajara. Siendo personas discapacitadas, adultas mayores y en su mayoría mujeres, este colectivo ha tenido que luchar durante los últimos 30 años para resolver dos pro-blemas fundamentales: el acceso a servicios de salud integrales y una pensión vitalicia. Sin embargo, los obstáculos han sido muchos. Alejándonos un poco de modelos con-vencionales para explicar la acción colectiva, en este artículo utilizamos algunas de las herramientas teóricas que proporciona la sociología de las emociones para entender el significado del dolor entre estas personas, pero visto no solo desde el ángulo corporal, sino también desde sus contenidos sociales. Asimismo, cómo ese debate puede ser llevado a sus dimensiones morales como un factor explicativo de la movilización social.
Synthesis, Characterization, Docking Study and Biological Activates of New 3-Aminorhodanine Derivatives
Authors: Noor Alhuda Dakel khalaf  , Hiba Ali Hasan  , Karima Fadhil Ali  , Wesen Adel Mehdi
Published: October 2024

Abstract: Increase in fatalities among cancer patients is one of untreated facts and today cancer remains one of the main health issues. The most common cause of cancer death is lung cancer. Rhodanine has been recognized as a privileged scaffold in medicinal chemistry due to its well-known ability to demonstrate a broad range of biological activities,
and most of its derivatives exhibited remarkable anticancer activity in the (μg/mL) concentration range, while causing negligible cytotoxicity to normal cells. New N- and 5- disubstituted aminorhodanine derivatives were synthesized by Schiff base and Knoevenagel condensation reactions over two consecutive steps. Human cancer cells and Hdfn (human dermal fibroblasts isolated from neonatal foreskin) cells line, were used to evaluate the synthesized compounds’ activity by MTT assay. The new compounds revealed higher anticancer activity against A549 lung cells cancer when compared with reference drug Erlotinib (anticancer drug) and determined no toxicity or safety on normal cell. Among the tested compounds, 2b2 compound show potent anticancer activity which have IC50 about (55.8 μg/mL).
Colloid chemical aspects of paper formation in the presence of nanofibrillated cellulose and cationic starch
Authors: JONES LUCY A. , ATREE VARUN S. , HAMM KENSLEY V. , KOZEL DANIEL J. , KANIPE TAYLOR A. , HUBBE MARTIN A.
Published: October 2024

A series of experimental tests were carried out to examine colloidal-scale consequences of optional-ly treating nanofibrillated cellulose (NFC) with cationic starches of different charge density and dosage (0.5% or 2.0% by weight), adding that material to a furnish prepared from 100% recycled copy paper, and then subjecting the mixture to very different levels of hydrodynamic shear. Tests included optical microscopy, sediment volume tests, sediment velocity tests, and “percent fines” assessment by means of a fiber quality analyzer (FQA). In addition, the zeta potential and charge demand of the studied materials were evaluated. Optical imaging revealed that cationic starch treatment of the NFC tended to agglomerate it into multiparticle clusters, which sometimes could be mostly redispersed by hydrodynamic shear. Subsequent addition of the starch-treated NFC to the default furnish resulted in much of the colloidal material becoming attached to fibers. Subsequent shearing of the mixtures was at least partly effective in separating the clusters of NFC from the fiber surface, resulting in essentially a two-component mixture. Multiparticle NFC clusters coexisted with the fiber suspension, sometimes attached and sometimes not, depending on the details of treatments. Sediment volume tests showed that systems containing cationic starch-treated NFC tended to have a higher density after settling in comparison to untreated NFC; these findings are consistent with the cationic starch acting as a stabilizer on the solid surfaces, allowing them to slide past each other during the settling process. Application of intense hydrodynamic shear tended to result in denser sediment. Results of tests with the sediment velocity measurement and the FQA percent fines assessment did not correlate well with changes in test conditions considered in this study.
Comparing Machine Learning Techniques for Detecting Chronic Kidney Disease in Early Stage
Authors: Shuvo Dutta  , Rajesh Sikder  , Md Rasibul Islam  , Abdullah Al Mukaddim  , Mohammad Abir Hider  , Md Nasiruddin
Published: October 2024

CKD is a gradual disease that affects millions of people throughout the United States and results in high morbidity and mortality rates. Chronic Kidney Disease is an ailment that culminates in a gradual loss of kidney function over t,ime. Early detection is essential since timely interventions may prevent the progression of CKD, improve outcomes and survival for patients with CKD, and reduce healthcare costs. In the recent decade, machine learning models have emerged as a game-changing tool in medical diagnostics, leveraging big data and complex algorithms to find patterns almost invisible to clinicians and physicians. This study deployed and evaluated various machine learning approaches for the early detection of CKD, focusing on their comparative performance, strengths, and weaknesses. Machine learning transforms medical diagnosis by leveraging big data and sophisticated algorithms to find patterns that might otherwise elude healthcare professionals. The dataset used for this research will be the CKD dataset, which was contributed to by the Cleveland Clinic in 2021. The dataset can be accessed publicly through the University of California, Irvine's UCI Machine Learning Repository. In this project, the analyst compared and contrasted the performance of Logistic Regression, Decision Trees, and Random Forests. Experimentation results demonstrated that logistic regression had the best performance, yielding a perfect F1 score and accuracy, closely followed by random forest. This result showed that the Logistic model ideally classified all the instances in the test set. Consolidating machine learning algorithms into the early detection of Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) holds substantial promise for transforming clinical practice. Healthcare professionals can enhance diagnostic accuracy and facilitate timely interventions by leveraging proposed algorithms such as logistic regression.
EFFICIENCY OF USING PORTABLE FIRE EXTINGUISHERS WHEN EXTINGUISHING LITHIUM-ION BATTERIES
Authors: Havryliuk A. , Kovalyshyn V. , Yakovchuk R.
Published: October 2024

The article substantiates the trends in using electric energy storage systems consisting of a battery, an inverter, connecting conductors, safety automation, and, if necessary, solar panels. Such systems typically use lithium-ion batteries because of several technical advantages: high specific energy capacity, high discharge-charging currents, and many charge-discharge cycles, i.e., longevity. The chemical and electrochemical reactions that occur during the charge-discharge cycles of lithium-ion batteries can lead to irreversible electrothermal processes. Such processes cause an uncontrolled increase in temperature, the release of hazardous gases, fires, and explosions, often accompanied by fire. Therefore, the authors conducted a successful full-scale field study of the effect of various extinguishing agents of the most common portable fire extinguishers in Ukraine on the efficiency of extinguishing lithium-ion batteries.
Based on the experiment, we found that extinguishing the lithium-ion module using a portable carbon dioxide fire extinguisher is the least effective among the extinguishers studied, with the resumption of flame combustion occurring within 3–4 s after the cessation of carbon dioxide supply to the combustion centre. When using a portable powder fire extinguisher, the flame combustion of the test module resumed after 18–20 s. The desired extinguishing effect was achieved using low-density air-mechanical foam from the VVK-5 fire extinguisher and sprayed water with salt additives from a water extinguisher. Based on the obtained research results, we proposed recommendations for the selection of standards for the availability and use of portable fire extinguishers for the effective extinguishing of lithium-ion batteries at the rate of at least 5 kg of charge of working solution or water with salt additives per 5 kWh of energy capacity of a lithium-ion battery.
Further research will identify influence patterns of the intensity of extinguishing agent supply on the efficiency of extinguishing lithium-ion batteries.
Keywords: lithium-ion battery, fire, irreversible electrothermal process, fire safety.
MODEL OF SPARE PARTS INVENTORY MANAGEMENT IN THE SUPPLY SYSTEM: THE CASE OF THE ‘OLL TRAK PARTS’ COMPANY
Authors: Pavlenko O. , Kalinichenko O. , Cherepakha O.
Published: October 2024

The article identifies the relevance of the problem of optimisation of material reserves of a company and their effective management, as the state of existing reserves has a decisive impact on the competitiveness of the company, its financial condition, and the corresponding performance results. It allows the formulation of the research objective in this development. It is a given that inventory management technology is an integral part of the management system of any manufacturing and trading company. The efficiency of these companies depends on such critical criteria as the number of costs incurred for inventory management. Traditional indicators, such as inventory volume, resource turnover, and continuity of supply, cannot be used in isolation to accurately measure the extent to which an inventory management system is improving since they are part of the overall cost criterion. The article examines scientific developments of theoretical foundations for implementing rational solutions in the supply chain, where the authors use modern research methods and approaches. After analysing these studies, we identify the main problematic issues: determining a rational way of servicing orders by the core production warehouse systems, organising an efficient product supply form, and developing rational inventory management technologies throughout the entire product supply chain. We create a structural model of interaction between the warehouse system of the ‘OLL TRAK PARTS’ company and suppliers and customers, formed with the participation of certain parties in all relevant operations. The structure of stocks accounts for the customer’s needs in a multi-nomenclature offer of spare parts for trucks, cars, and agricultural machinery supplied by ‘OLL TRAK PARTS’. The authors build a mathematical model of spare parts inventory management under limited demand conditions, which considers the following parameters of influence: the period for ordering spare parts, the cost of supplying ordered spare parts, and the cost of storing one unit of spare parts inventory. To achieve maximum measurement accuracy with a minimum number of trials and to maintain the statistical reliability of the results, we develop a full-factor experiment plan for three input parameters with three levels of values, consisting of 27 series of trials. The experiment allowed us to model the change in minimum costs with different order volumes of spare parts. Based on the results of the regression analysis of the obtained values of the estimated indicator, we determined the type of regression model – a linear form with a non-zero coefficient.
Keywords: model, warehouse, system, logistics, interaction.
The development of Liver Research Cymru, a new partnership to increase hepatology research activity in Wales
Authors: Yeoman AD , Ahmed H , Akbari A , Cullen K , Davies A , Fitzsimmons D , Gao J , Hood K , Nollett C , Vincent A , Williams W , Pembroke TPI
Published: October 2024

Background The incidence and severity of liver disease in the United Kingdom have increased over the last 20 years. Many patients present with advanced disease with limited treatment options and subsequently high morbidity and mortality. There was also a significant correlation with deprivation. Strategies that support the earlier detection of liver disease are paramount to reverse this trend. Despite significant progress in terms of novel pathways, the optimal strategy for early detection of liver disease remains unknown. Novel ways to tackle the deprivation gradient and reduce health inequalities are urgently required. Methods Clinical research has an enormous role to play both in terms of identifying the true scale of this challenge, where current gaps exist, and to identify the optimal early detection strategies and their implementation. WE therefore established Liver Rsearch Cymru (LRC) a multi-disciplinary collaboration that seeks to maximise the benefits from our existing data sources and clinical networks and increase the output of hepatology research in Wales. Results LRC has developed the first Wales wide research collaborative. We have successfully collaborated with the Secure Anonymised Information Linkage (SAIL) data resource to develop a greater understanding of liver disease burdens through comprehensive analysis of primary and secondary care data. We are now using this information to evaluate the effectiveness of local early detection pathways and to identify the scale of delays in diagnosis with a view to addressing this important care gap. Conclusion LRC has successfully brought together patients. Hepatologists and population/primary care academics to better understand current discrepancies in the early diagnosis of liver disease in Wales. In addition, it has laid a foundation for future research work based both on our preliminary findings and allowed us to collaborate with other more established liver disease research groups.
Analysis of the Effect of Pre-Retirement Withdrawals: VBA Simulation
Authors: Muhammad Rifa’ie Khalid Ibni Walid  , Mazlynda Md Yusuf  , Sukono
Published: October 2024

Malaysia’s trajectory towards becoming an aging nation, coupled with the current healthy life expectancy (HALE) and overall life expectancy, has caused the population to face a higher risk of inadequate retirement income. Private sector workers are obligated to save through the Employees Provident Fund (EPF). However, recent pre-retirement withdrawal policies during the COVID-19 pandemic have raised concerns about future retirement income adequacy. This study simulated accumulated EPF values for SPM and Degree holders, analysed withdrawal effects, determined the income adequacy ratio using replacement rates, and identified poverty status among retirees using VBA Excel. While Degree holders demonstrated the highest savings and expected retirement income, SPM holders had higher replacement rates. Pre-retirement withdrawals had a greater impact on SPM holders due to their lower accumulated value at retirement. According to the scenarios simulated, the highest reduction is 26.76 percent for SPM and 20.85 percent for Degree. Even though none of the analysed scenarios resulted in income during retirement being lower than the poverty line income, they may have a high chance of facing insufficient income for a comfortable retirement year. Hence, policymakers should carefully monitor, control, and plan available and future pre-retirement withdrawal policies, as increased withdrawals can shift retirees’ situations from adequate to inadequate retirement income.
Origin of LAMOST J1010+2358 Revisited
Authors: Jeena S. K. , Banerjee Projjwal
Published: October 2024

Signature from Pop III massive stars of 140– that end their lives as pair-instability supernovae (PISNe) are expected to be seen in very metal-poor (VMP) stars of . Although thousands of VMP stars have been discovered, the identification of a VMP star with a PISN signature has been elusive. Recently, the VMP star LAMOST J1010+2358 was claimed to be the first star with a clear PISN signature. A subsequent study showed that ejecta from low-mass core-collapse supernovae (CCSNe) can also fit the abundance pattern equally well and additional elements such as C and Al are required to differentiate the two sources. Follow-up observations of LAMOST J1010+2358 by two independent groups were able to detect both C and Al. Additionally, key odd elements such as Na and Sc were also detected whose abundances were found to be higher than the upper limits found in the original detection. We perform a detailed analysis of the newly observed abundance patterns by exploring various possible formation channels for VMP stars. We find that purely low-mass CCSN ejecta as well as the combination of CCSN and Type 1a SN ejecta can provide an excellent fit to the newly observed abundance pattern. Our results confirm earlier analysis that the newly observed abundance pattern is peculiar but has no signatures of PISN.
Peningkatan Pengetahuan Kepada Ibu Hamil tentang Kehamilan Risiko Tinggi di Rumah Pelita Manyaran
Authors: Azizah Agtika Yasyfa Nur
Published: October 2024

Maternal mortality rates (MMR) are frequently used to evaluate a community's level of health. In general, the effectiveness of maternal health initiatives may also be assessed using MMR. One factor that contributes to the maternal mortality rate is high-risk pregnancies. High-risk pregnancies are those that have conditions that might raise the fetus's chance of abnormalities or injury. Low- and lower-middle-income nations, such as Indonesia, account for about 95% of all maternal mortality. Numerous studies have have shown that pregnant women lack knowledge of health risks during pregnancy. A potential strategy for lowering MMR is educating women about high-risk pregnancies. The purpose of this community service project is to educate expectant mothers about pregnancy risks in order to reduce complications for both the mother and the fetus at Rumah Pelita Manyaran, Semarang City. Providing education is done through the counseling method. The media used is leaflet media. Pregnant women who attended the Pregnant Women Class at Rumah Pelita Manyaran in Semarang City were the targets of this social project. The results of the measurement indicated a significant growth in knowledge. Pregnant women in the good category had a knowledge level of 45% before counseling, and that level of knowledge increased to 60% after counseling.
Peningkatan Literasi Keuangan Melalui Pembuatan Media Edukatif Bagi Siswa
Authors: Mulyati Sri , Setiawan Iyan , Iskandar Iskandar , Umamah Nur , Luviantika Irsa
Published: October 2024

According to the Ministry of Education and Culture, financial literacy education is very necessary to educate people to be aware and understand how to manage finances wisely. Financial literacy education must be given to children, especially elementary school-age children as early as possible. Introducing financial literacy to children can be done by introducing children to the values ​​of money and the culture of saving. Initial observation results show that most students use all their pocket money for consumption. This is what underlies the importance of strengthening financial literacy for children, especially at the elementary school level. PkM activities are carried out by focusing on introducing financial concepts through introducing nominal money and saving activities by making piggy banks. The training method was carried out in two sessions, namely session 1 with face-to-face presentation of the material by the resource person and session 2 training in making educational media to improve. The activity results showed an increase in students' understanding of financial concepts with active participation and high enthusiasm for using money wisely, as well as fostering a sense of the importance of saving for the future.
Penguatan Kapasitas BUMDes dan Prakarsa BUMDesma di Kecamatan Ambarawa Kabupaten Pringsewu
Authors: Fahmi Teuku , Yulianto
Published: October 2024

The initiative to establish joint village-owned enterprises (BUMDesma), as local-scale village businesses run by BUMDes, has become increasingly common since the enactment of Law Number 6 of 2014 on Villages. Developing these joint BUMDes is also a strategic policy of the current "Kabinet Indonesia Maju". This community service activity focuses on increasing the capacity of village-owned enterprise managers in Ambarawa District. The activities conducted are in the form of training and mentoring to improve the institutional capacity of each BUMDes in Ambarawa District. The methods used in this activity include: the stage of increasing cognitive aspects, the stage of mentoring and empowerment, and the stage of advocacy. Specifically, this community service activity has led to several achievements, including: in terms of cognitive aspects, there has been an increase in understanding of the existence of BUMDes in improving the village economy to become larger and stronger. The community service activities conducted have successfully increased the knowledge and understanding of the participants by 12.50%. In practical terms, there has been an emergence of initiatives to develop joint BUMDes among BUMDes managers in Ambarawa District.
Evaluación de la eficiencia de los procesos de mezcla y homogeneización utilizando diferentes paletas agitadoras en reactores farmacéuticos a través de simulaciones de dinámica de fluido computacional
Authors: FRENQUELLI Emiliano , PALMA Santiago Daniel , LLABOT Juan Manuel , PIERELLA Liliana
Published: October 2024

Este estudio examina la homogeneización de mezclas en un reactor farmacéutico mediante simulaciones de dinámica de fluido computacional (CFD). Se evaluaron tres tipos de paletas agitadoras: ancla (flujo tangencial), hélice (flujo radial) y sinfín helicoidal (flujo laminar). Las simulaciones combinaron volúmenes de mezcla de 200 mL (bajo) y 3000 mL (alto) a una velocidad de giro de la paleta de 1500 rpm, donde se analizaron la trayectoria de las partículas, la uniformidad de la mezcla y los índices de fracción de masa de los componentes. Los resultados muestran que la paleta sinfín helicoidal es la más efectivo, logrando una homogeneización completa en ambos volúmenes. La hélice y el ancla mostraron menor eficiencia, con la hélice logrando una homogeneización casi completa en volúmenes bajos y el ancla siendo el segundo más efectivo en volúmenes altos.