bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Perceptual encoding benefit of visual memorability on visual memory formation
Authors: Ye Chaoxiong , Guo Lijing , Wang Nathan , Qiang Liu , Xie Weizhen
Published: August 2023

Human observers often exhibit remarkable consistency in remembering specific visual details, such as certain face images. This phenomenon is commonly attributed to visual memorability, a collection of stimulus attributes that enhance the long-term retention of visual information. However, the exact contributions of visual memorability to visual memory formation remain elusive as these effects could emerge anywhere from early perceptual encoding to post-perceptual memory consolidation processes. To clarify this, we tested three key predictions from the hypothesis that visual memorability facilitates early perceptual encoding that supports the formation of visual short-term memory (VSTM) and the retention of visual long-term memory (VLTM). First, we examined whether memorability benefits in VSTM encoding manifest early, even within the constraints of a brief stimulus presentation (100–200 ms; Experiment 1). We achieved this by manipulating stimulus presentation duration in a VSTM change detection task using face images with high- or low-memorability while ensuring they were equally familiar to the participants. Second, we assessed whether this early memorability benefit increases the likelihood of VSTM retention, even with post-stimulus masking designed to interrupt post-perceptual VSTM consolidation processes (Experiment 2). Last, we investigated the durability of memorability benefits by manipulating memory retention intervals from seconds to 24 hours (Experiment 3). Across experiments, our data suggest that visual memorability has an early impact on VSTM formation, persisting across variable retention intervals and predicting subsequent VLTM overnight. Combined, these findings highlight that visual memorability enhances visual memory within 100–200 ms following stimulus onset, resulting in robust memory traces resistant to post-perceptual interruption and long-term forgetting.
Cellular Homeostasis and Organization - The Role and Importance of the RF, IML, and HPA
Authors: Orquiza João Carlos
Published: August 2023

This paper studies the role of the Reticular Formation (RF), the Intermediolateral Nucleus (ILN), and the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal (HPA) Axis in preserving homeostasis and managing cellular structure. RF, extending from the brainstem to the start of the cervical spinal cord, contains an intricate neuron and glial cell network. This complex structure performs a multitude of functions vital to cognition and homeostatic regulation including, heart rate, breathing, sleep, pain modulation, and cognitive functions like memory and thought. With a distinct path connecting solely with the adrenal medulla, the ILN, found in the spinal cord, play a vital role in the stress response and homeostasis. The HPA Axis, comprising the hypothalamus, pituitary, and adrenal glands, is the primary stress response mechanism in the body, importantly regulating body energy to combat entropic processes. This study emphasizes the connecting roles of the RF, ILN, and HPA in maintaining homeostasis and cellular organization, signifying their importance in various functions and in influential information processing across brain regions.
Broaden-and-Build Cycles of Attachment Security in Therapy: Antecedents, Consequences, and Trajectory of Therapeutic Exploration
Authors: Cherniak Aaron D.
Published: August 2023

This study expanded the scope of research into clients’ self-disclosure in therapy, using an attachment theory perspective. Attachment theory views the therapist as a secure base and safe haven who helps the client to reflect on attachment experiences and their influence. I present a new measure of self-disclosure, the Client Therapeutic Exploration scales (CTE-4), that incorporates Bowlby’s (1988) conceptualization of self-disclosure as attachment-supported exploratory behavior. In this study, client speech was scored for its depth, emotional involvement (versus distance), freedom (versus inhibition), and spontaneity (versus preparedness) in video-recorded therapy sessions of 36 patients from five points in time over the course of therapy. This exploratory study investigated client self-disclosure in the naturalistic context of the dynamically evolving therapeutic relationship proposing that the features of client speech and their patterns of change over time in treatment are associated with characteristics of the client and the therapeutic relationship. I suggest, that via broaden-and-build cycles of attachment, therapeutic exploration leads to treatment outcomes. Specifically, I analyzed the relationship of therapeutic exploration to client attachment security, mentalizing, working alliance, level of symptoms (depression, anxiety, and stress), self-esteem, and motivation in therapy. While results connecting CTE-4 scores to clinical and alliance variables were mixed, each scale was consistently inversely related to attachment anxiety but not to attachment avoidance. That is, higher attachment anxiety was associated with less therapeutic exploration. Based on the results, I offer clinical recommendations and present pathways for future research. https://icc-idc.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/permalink/972ICC_IDC/5451oa/alma992003174403105
Public Value Management
Authors: afandi syed agung
Published: August 2023

Public Value Management (PVM) merupakan pendekatan dalam pengelolaan sektor publik yang berfokus pada penciptaan nilai bagi publik. Dibandingkan dengan pendekatan manajemen tradisional yang seringkali berfokus pada efisiensi dan efektivitas, PVM menekankan pada penciptaan, identifikasi, dan pengukuran nilai yang diberikan kepada masyarakat. Konsep ini telah dikembangkan sebagai tanggapan terhadap keterbatasan dari model New Public Management (NPM) yang menerapkan prinsip-prinsip bisnis ke dalam sektor publik.
The influence of perceived value and gender on local food consumption intentions in the northeastern cluster of Thailand
Authors:   Faculty of Business Administration, Huachiew Chalermprakiet University,Samutprakan Province, Thailand, Chatcharawan Meesubthong , Jaruporn Meesuptong ,   Department of Digital Marketing, Faculty of Management Science, Loei Rajabhat University, Loei province, Thailand, Pongkaew Udomsamuthirun ,   Faculty of Science, Srinakharinwirot University, Bangkok Thailand
Published: August 2023

Introduction: Local food, which represents a country’s culture, can be gradually forgotten due to various factors. This study investigated the perceived value of local food and the influence of gender on consumer behaviour regarding the intention to eat local food. Methods: A quantitative survey was conducted using random systematic sampling at a fixed periodic interval. A sample of 2,000 consumers from Thailand’s upper northeastern region was chosen. Structural equation modelling was used to assess the relationships between perceived value, attitude towards eating, and intention to eat. Results: The relevant parameters identified the positive influence of perceived value and attitude towards eating behaviour on the intention to eat local food. The factor loading of attitude towards eating behaviour moderated the effect of the perceived value of local food on the intention to eat local food. Females had less perceived value for their intention to eat local food than males did. Conclusion: The perceived value of local food had the greatest positive impact on attitude towards eating behaviour. Moreover, the difference in gender in the eating behaviour of local food showed that females were more likely to control their food consumption than males were. To increase the intention to eat local food, local food vendors should focus on factors that influence attitudes and use food storytelling to increase consumers’ awareness on the benefits of local food.
Effect of zinc and probiotics supplementation on IL-6 and tissue neutrophil levels in rats exposed to cigarette smoke
Authors:   Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Diponegoro University, Semarang, Central Java, Indonesia, Andryani Putu Gita , Mahati Endang ,   Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, Diponegoro University, Semarang, Central Java, Indonesia, Tjahjono Kusmiyati ,   Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Diponegoro University, Semarang, Central Java, Indonesia, Prajoko Yan Wisnu ,   Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Diponegoro University, Semarang, Central Java, Indonesia, Susilaningsih Neni ,   Department of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Diponegoro University, Semarang, Central Java, Indonesia;, Istiadi Hermawan ,   Department of Anatomical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Diponegoro University, Semarang, Central Java, Indonesia
Published: August 2023

Introduction: Cigarette smoke exposure can cause inflammation, inducing the release of acute phase cytokines, such as IL-6, that will then trigger the recruitment of neutrophils, which are mostly phagocytic cells. Zinc and probiotics are known to have beneficial effects against inflammation. This study was conducted to investigate the effect of zinc and probiotics supplementation on IL-6 and tissue neutrophil levels in rats exposed to cigarette smoke. Methods: In a randomised, experimental study with post-test control group design, thirty 2 to 3-month-old male Wistar rats, each weighing 180-220 g, were divided into five groups: control group without treatment (C); exposed to cigarette smoke [C (-)]; exposed to cigarette smoke and received zinc (Z); exposed to cigarette smoke and received probiotics (P); and exposed to cigarette smoke and received a combination of zinc and probiotics (ZP). Results: Mean tissue neutrophil levels in Z, P, and ZP groups were 43.43±2.01, 34.67±1.32, and 29.77±5.05 cells, respectively. There were significant differences between supplementation intake and tissue neutrophil levels in each group compared to C (-) group (p<0.05). Meanwhile, only IL-6 level in the ZP group (6.02 pg/mL) decreased significantly compared to C (-) group (10.61 pg/mL). Conclusion: These results suggest that a combination of zinc and probiotics have an anti-inflammatory effect as measured by IL-6 and neutrophil levels.
Knowledge of Oral Biopsy Procedure among Dental Interns at a Tertiary Hospital in Eastern Nepal
Authors: Keshwar Shashi , Shrestha Ashish , Sarraf Deependra Prasad
Published: August 2023

Introduction: Various diagnostic procedures are available to reach a diagnosis in case of oral lesions. Biopsy is one of the important tools for confirmatory diagnosis. It becomes imperative not only for dentists but future dentists to have adequate knowledge regarding oral biopsy procedures.

Objective: To assess the knowledge of oral biopsy procedure among dental interns.

Methodology: A web-based cross-sectional study was conducted among interns at College of Dental Surgery, B.P. Koirala Institute of Health Sciences. A questionnaire was prepared and Google Form link was shared with the signed-up participants via messaging apps; Viber and WhatsApp. The descriptive statistics were calculated using Microsoft Excel 2016.

Results: Out of 54 participants, 53 (98.15%) and 50 (92.5%) of the interns knew about incisional and excisional biopsy respectively. Only 27 (50%) of them responded that every lesion should be sent for histopathological examination. Only 25 (46.3%) of the interns were aware that the removal of tissue by laser or electrosurgery can introduce artefacts or tissue distortion and 27 (50%) responded that punch biopsy generally produces few artefacts within the biopsied sample. Seventy seven percent of the interns responded that volume of the fixative should be two times the volume of the biopsy specimen, while 15 (27.78%) responded that normal saline could be used as a fixative.

Conclusion: The present study revealed, dental interns had a good understanding regarding oral biopsy and also highlighted the need for further training and modifications in curriculum.
Pattern and Outcome of Otolaryngological and Facial Injury in Road Traffic Accidents at a Tertiary Care Centre in Eastern Nepal
Authors: Thakur Sanjeev Kumar , Aryal Gyan Raj , Thakur Rishikesh , Ghimire Nisha
Published: August 2023

Introduction: Otolaryngological trauma is prevalent in road traffic accidents (RTA), with or without multiple organ injuries.

Objective: The aim was to report the number and pattern of otolaryngological injuries in cases of road traffic accidents (RTA) and their outcome.

Methodology:  A prospective study over one year of cases of RTA was done. The pattern and outcome of the otolaryngological and facial injury was recorded.

Result: Out of 90 cases, 69(76.66%) were male, 21 (23.33%) were female. The mean age was 32.33 ±13Yrs.The mean time of presentation to emergency was 16.24 ±19.61hrs. Motor vehicle accident was more common, 75 (83.33%). Multiple injury was found in 68(75.55%) cases. Among 89 cases with ear problem, common complaints were hearing loss, 20(22.47%), otalgia, 17(19.1%) and laceration of pinna 13(14.6%). Ear complications were seen in16 (17.97 %) cases . Among 55 cases of nose/face injury, common presentation were epistaxis, 20 (36.36%) and nasal bone fracture, 12 (21.81%).  Nasal complications were found in 8 (14.54%) cases. In 32 cases of neck/throat trauma, laceration was found in 11 (34.37%) cases. 4(12.5%) cases had undergone tracheostomy.  Complications (stenosis and hoarseness) were found in 6(18.75%) cases. Patients who required admission were 81(90%).

Conclusion: Motor vehicle accidents were more common. It was commoner in male. Ear was most commonly affected by injury and complications.  The complication of nose and neck/throat was associated with prolonged admission.
Quality of life in individuals with spinal cord injury treated in tertiary care centers in Nepal
Authors: Parajuli Bikash , Acharya Khagendra , Shrestha Jemina , Dhakal Raju
Published: August 2023

Introduction: Traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI) constitutes a significant challenge to the quality of life (QoL). People with SCI perceive the overall QoL at a lower level in comparison to normal individuals.

Objective: This study aims to access the QoL among individuals with SCI and identify factors affecting the QoL.

Methodology: This prospective cross-sectional study was done in Dhulikhel Hospital, Kathmandu University Hospital (DH, KUH), and Spinal Injury Rehabilitation Center (SIRC), Sanga, Nepal. All the individuals above 18 years with SCI of at least 3 months from trauma seeking treatment in DH, KUH, or SIRC from June 2019 to May 2021 were included. We utilized the WHO quality of life questionnaires (WHOQOL–BREF) for assessing the QoL.

Result: The mean age was 32.95 ± 11.7 years with the majority being males (74.5%). The majority had ASIA Impairment Scale grade A. The social health domain had the highest mean raw and transformed score (13.87 ± 3.13 and 61.7 ± 19.59 respectively). The transformed total QoL score was 50.76±29.76. Only 22 individuals (15.6%) had a transformed total score of > 60 signifying good/ satisfactory QoL.

Conclusion: There is a high rate of poor/ unsatisfactory QoL in individuals with SCI in Nepal. Female gender, married status, loss of relative during trauma, ASIA injury severity (AIS) A or B during admission, and no improvement in AIS grade after treatment are significant predictors of poor/ unsatisfactory QoL. Physical health, compared to psychological, social, and environmental health, correlates highest with the transformed total score.
Periodontal Practice and Referral of Patients by General Dental Practitioners in Province No.1 Nepal
Authors: Acharya Pujan , Gautam Ujwal
Published: August 2023

Introduction: General dental practitioners and periodontists working in a close alliance is considered to bestow effective outcome in the context of diagnosis and management of periodontal diseases. Recently, general practitioners are inclined to render the majority of non-surgical procedures by themselves and avoid surgical part. This obscures functional as well as esthetic demand contributing to periodontally challenged conditions. In advanced stages, no matter how efficiently a skilled periodontist handles the case, redemption is not possible.

Objectives: To assess the periodontal practice and referral of patients by general dental practitioners to periodontists.

Methodology: An online survey using Google Forms was conducted among the general dental practitioners working in private clinics in province no.1, Nepal from November 2021 to January 2022. A total of 64 general dental practitioners were surveyed using a self-administered questionnaire. Descriptive statistics were calculated.

Results: The response rate for the present study was 51.2% out of which only 17.2% referred patients to periodontists for non-surgical periodontal therapy and scaling was the most performed procedure by all the practitioners themselves. However, 92.2% referred patients to periodontists for surgical procedures and a majority of the referrals were for mucogingival surgeries. Majority of them expressed satisfaction regarding the number of continuing dental education programs being conducted despite minimum participation.

Conclusion:  Majority of the general dental practitioners seemed to perform non-surgical periodontal therapy by themselves while considering referral for surgical interventions. Also, minimum participation despite remarkable satisfaction in the conduction of continuing education programmes calls for a need to explore the inadequacy.
A rare incident of intraoral formalin injection
Authors: Sulu Sumana , Maharjan Iccha kumar , Regmee Pragya , Adhakari Sagar , Luitel Abhinaya , Khatiwada Kripa
Published: August 2023

Formalin is a hazardous chemical that needs careful handling and special storage. It is generally used in dentistry because of its disinfectant and fixative properties. Negligence on part of the dental professionals by accidentally injecting formalin rather than the original anesthetic can lead to internal tissue damage and also may induce a life threatening situation. The general practice of storing formalin in the original anesthetic bottles and being supported by untrained assistants is the most common reason for this mishap to happen. The operating dentist should be careful and apprehensive of the medicines and chemicals available in the operatory and re-check the solution being injected in the case as to not land up in complications because of the negligence. Successful management can be done by cautious debridement and empirical medicine therapy.
Altered cardiovascular health in COVID-19 patients
Authors: Tapas Pramanik
Published: August 2023

Mortality due to cardiac cause is common amongst COVID-19 patients. Myocarditis, decompensated heart failure, acute coronary syndrome, sinus tachycardia, atrial fibrillation and right bundle branch block (RBBB) were noted2 in many hospitalized COVID patients. Studies conducted time to time, in various countries and hospitals registered various numbers and percentages (%) of patients suffering from myocardial injury ranging from 8% to70% among the COVID victims. Infection by COVID-19 causes fever and inflammation in many organs and may cause serious myocarditis, even in those with no previous clinical history of cardiovascular disease.4 This infection may cause cardiomyopathy, altered rhythm, and reduction in optimum cardiac output.
Determination of different adiposity indices among students of a medical college of Nepal: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Aryal Vibina , Ghimire Dayaram , Kandel Sabita , Majumder Anirban , Manna Sourav
Published: August 2023

Background : The prevalence of overweight and obesity is on an increasing trend these days. Adverse effect of obesity can be seen in different physiological functions. This study aimed to see the fat distribution among students using different markers of obesity.
Methods : A cross sectional observational study was carried out in the Department of Physiology, National Medical College, which included 250 students. Body fat percentage was measured using Omron body composition monitor and waist circumference was measured using non-stretchable tape. Body Mass Index, Body Adiposity Index, Fat Mass and Waist Hip Ratio were calculated.
Results : Among 127 male subjects 8.7% were overweight and 18.1%, 47.2%, and 33.1% had high and 7.9%, 15%, 10.2% had very high fat percentage which was obtained from Body Fat Percentage, Body Adiposity Index, and Fat Mass respectively. Similarly, 4.7% and 48.8% had high Waist Circumference and Waist Hip Ratio respectively. Among 123 female subjects 9.8% were overweight and 1.6% were obese. 21.1%, 5.7% and 28.5% had high and 4.1%, and 0.8% had very high fat percentage which was obtained from Body Fat Percentage, and Body Adiposity Index respectively. Also 5.7% and 38.2% had high Waist Circumference and Waist hip Ratio respectively.
Conclusion : The study showed high prevalence of overweight and obesity when measured by other adiposity indices than by body mass index.
Implementasi Extreme Programming Pada Perancangan Sistem Informasi Penjualan Buku Menggunakan Java
Authors: Lestari Ade Fitria
Published: August 2023

Technology is needed by humans to facilitate all activities carried out so that they are fast and practical, besides that technology is used as a solution to problems in conventional systems. Conventional sales activities experience several problems such as recording activities, insecure archiving, manual calculations and loss of transaction data. From these problems, the purpose of this study is to design a sales information system, namely object-based book sales transactions in order to minimize errors and produce the information needed by users effectively and efficiently. The method used is Extreme Programming which is very suitable for developing and building object-oriented applications. This method has stages in the method including planning carried out problem finding and needs analysis, the design consists of system design with UML (Unified Modeling Language) and ERD (Entity Relationship Diagram) database design, coding in the form of application menu displays, testing with blackbox testing and software increase. The design of an OOP-based book sales information system using the Extreme Programming method is expected to help and facilitate users in managing data, sales transactions and reports.
Comparative analysis of Azardica indica, Mentha piperita and Camellia sinensis aqueous leaf extract against Enterococcus faecalis (oral pathogen)
Authors: Habib Atoofa
Published: August 2023

Azardica indica has been widely used in Ayurvedic and unani medicines worldwide especially in Indian subcontinent for treatment and prevention of various diseases. Mentha pipetita commonly known as mint is cultivated all over the world due to its domestic as well as therapeutic value. Camellia sinensis on the other hand has become essential for weight management because of presence of certain phytochemicals. Clinical studies have suggested that active compounds present in all these plants possess a positive impact in reducing the bacterial growth caused by Enterococcus faecalis  in tooth. Different concentration of extracts and zones of inhibition were measured. Among all the three extract the maximum zone of inhibition was shown by Azardica indica hence proved to be the best antibiotic against oral pathogen.
Importance of Yoga Asana
Authors: Gill Dorthy , Singh Damanpreet
Published: August 2023

In routine, yoga is an exercise system comprised of eight levels of accomplishment in the areas of physical, mental, social, and spiritual intelligence. When we are physiologically healthy, our minds are clear, focused, and under control of stress.  When you are healthy, you have a deeper connection with your inner self, with others, and with your surroundings, which contributes to your spiritual intelligence. "Yoga" is a Sanskrit word that means "to join, to unite." Yoga exercises have a holistic and natural effect, balancing the body, mind, consciousness, and spirit.  Yoga asanas are more efficient and advantageous for humans.  Yogic actions are simple, which are beneficial for the body's organs, eliminate body rigidity, and make our bodies flexible. It revitalises the body and eliminates maladies related to the body. Yoga is not merely an exercise; it is a way of life that strives for 'a healthy mind in a healthy body' The human body is a tool that is based on the secular and spiritual actions of the soul; therefore, it is necessary to use it correctly for the advancement of our selves; otherwise, problems in the human body may impede spiritual advancement. Yoga influences both the parasympathetic and sympathetic nervous systems. Asana is most essential for physical, mental, and spiritual rehabilitation functions. Yoga facilitates adaptation at the physical, psychological, and social levels of an individual's functioning. Asana eliminates maladies of the body and mental transgressions.
The relationship between COPD attack applications and air pollution and temparature in the emergency department
Authors: YILMAZ BAŞER Hülya , CAN Hale Nur
Published: August 2023

Purpose: We aimed to investigate the relationship between air pollution, temperature and COPD attacks in two different centers.

Materials and methods: Two centers, Bandırma and Van, were included in the study. In addition, temperature grouping was also done. Air pollution and temperature values were obtained from official sites. COPD data were scanned retrospectively from hospital information management systems.

Results: In the first 3 months (Group 1) included in the study, the PM10 value, the number of COPD treatment in the emergency department (ED) and the number of COPD hospitalizations in the ED were also found to be high in Van (p=0.05, p=0.05 and p=0.034, respectively). In the last 3 months (Group 2) period included in the study, it was observed that the mean temperature was lower in Van, and the rate of hospitalizations and hospitalizations due to COPD were higher in Van (p=0.05, p=0.05, and p=0.05, respectively). In the correlation analysis, a strong positive correlation was found between PM10 value and COPD treatment and hospitalization for COPD in Group 1 (r;0.986, p
Uncovering the Truth behind Azerbaijan's “Ecological” Blockade of Nagorno-Karabakh: The Role of Government-Linked Volunteer Organizations in the Lachin Corridor
Authors: Snell Lindsey
Published: August 2023

This article presents an analysis of the ongoing blockade of Nagorno-Karabakh in Azerbaijan, which, for almost five months, was under the guise of an ecological protest. It examines the role of volunteer organizations linked to the Azerbaijani government in coordinating the volunteer protestors blocking the Lachin Corridor, as well as the demographic makeup of these volunteers, the majority of whom are students from Azerbaijan’s public universities. The article delves into the origins and objectives of these organizations, as well as the benefits that Azerbaijani youth gain by joining them. The article also touches on the organizations' next goal, which is to utilize the same student volunteers to influence media coverage of the “West Azerbaijan community,” an initiative introduced by the Azerbaijani government to justify its territorial claims on sovereign Armenian territory. The study contributes to the understanding of the political and social dynamics of the so-called ecological protest in Azerbaijan and its potential consequences for the broader conflict in the region.
Desain Mozaik pada Bingkai Lingkaran dengan Corak Fraktal Menggunakan Konsep Transformasi
Authors: Ro'ifah Miftahur , Masruroh Zuwidatul
Published: August 2023

Mozaik ialah karya seni yang terdiri dari potongan-potongan benda yang disusun serta dilekatkan pada suatu bidang dan didesain dengan pola pengubinan menggunakan pola dasar bangun geometris. Perkembangan ilmu pengetahuan dan teknologi memungkinkan adanya inovasi terutama pasca ditemukan komputer, salah satunya fraktal. Fraktal banyak digunakan dalam komputer grafik untuk menciptakan bentuk yang luar biasa. Desain mozaik juga dapat dibuat menggunakan konsep fraktal. Riset ini dimaksudkan untuk modelisasi mozaik pada bingkai berupa lingkaran dengan fraktal sebagai corak isiannya sehingga menghasilkan mozaik yang bervariasi. Metode penelitian mencakup pembagian interior lingkaran yang dilanjutkan dengan modelisasi bangun dasar mozaik yang kemudian diisi dengan beberapa corak fraktal. Hasil riset yang diperoleh adalah prosedur untuk modelisasi bangun dasar mozaik dengan langkah-langkah sebagai berikut. Pertama, membagi daerah interior bingkai lingkaran. Kedua, modelisasi bangun dasar mozaik. Ketiga, mengisi bangun dasar mozaik dengan corak fraktal.
Peramalan Angka Kelahiran Total di Indonesia dengan Menggunakan Metode Double Exponential Smoothing Brown
Authors: Sulantari Sulantari , Islahi Balqis Aabidah , Alifia Fitriyatul
Published: August 2023

Indonesia adalah salah terbesar keempat dengan penduduk terbanyak yakni mencapai 274.790.244 Jiwa. Negara wajib mengelola jumlah penduduknya,  salah satu caranya yakni dengan melihat dan mengelola angka kelahiran total (TFR). Angka kelahiran total (TFR) menggambarkan rata-rata jumlah anak yang dilahirkan hidup oleh satu orang wanita selama masa reproduksinya (15 - 49 th). Angka TFR Indonesia selama tahun 1990 – 2022 telah mengalami penurunan sebesar 30.64%. pada tahun 1990 angka TFR Indonesia sebesar 3.1, dan pada tahun 2022 angka TFR Indonesia menjadi 2.19. penurunan angka TFR ini perlu menjadi perhatian negara Indonesia,  jangan sampai angka TFR Indonesia terus mengalami menurun sampai berada dibawah nilai ideal angka TFR sebesar 2.1. penurunan angka TFR bisa berakibat penurunan jumlah penduduk pada masa mendatang. Saat ini, banyak negara maju di dunia mengalami resesi seks, yang berakibat kepada jumlah kehiran total yang menurun. Oleh sebab itu, perlu dilkukan peramalan data pada angka TFR Indonesia, sehingga bisa diketahui prediksi angka TFR untuk masa depan. Metode Exponential Smoothing satu Parameter Brown Salah satu metode peramalan yang dapat digunakan untuk meramalkan angka kelahran total (TFR). dari penelitian ini, siperoleh hasil bahwa metode yang tepat digunakan adalah metode Double Expoenntial Smoothing Satu Parameter Brown (?=0.9). Dengan nilai peramalan pada tahun 2023 adalah sebesar 2.13, dan angka TFR ini diramalkan akan terus mengalami penurunan, bahakn sampai tahun 2050 angka TFR Indonesia sebesar 1.59. Metode ini menghasilkan nilai MAE sebesar 0.02272, SSE sebesar 0.03058, MSE sebesar 0.00099, dan MAPE sebesar 0.88940.
The Effect of Fear of Coronavirus (Covid-19) on Attitudes Toward Cancer Screening
Authors: Sayilan Samet , Aydin Sayilan Aylin , Ozen Nurten
Published: August 2023

Background: Although cancer screening plays a critical role in the early detection of cancer, fear caused by the Covid-19 pandemic is reported to have significantly obstructed cancer screening programs. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of fear of coronavirus (Covid-19) on attitudes toward cancer screening. This descriptive, cross-sectional study was completed with 300 individuals. The data were collected from patients presenting to the clinic of an education and research hospital between April and July, 2021. An information form, the Fear of Covid-19 Scale, and the Attitude Scale for Cancer Screening were employed as data collection tools. Results: The mean age of the participants was 46.66±13.39 years, 56.7% were women, and 44% were university graduates. The mean Fear of Covid-19 Scale score was 20.53, and the mean Attitude Scale for Cancer Screening score was 99.79. Conclusion: Participants in this study experienced a moderate level of fear and exhibited positive attitudes toward cancer screening programs, although positive attitudes regarding cancer screening decreased as fear of Covid-19 increased.
Study of Mismatch Repair Protein Expression by Using Immunohistochemistry in Various Carcinomas with Special Reference to Colorectal Adenocarcinomas - At a Tertiary Referral Laboratory in India
Authors: Lachit Kalita , Vinita Pant
Published: August 2023

Background: DNA mismatch repair (MMR) is an important process during the DNA replication for correcting DNA replication errors. Deficient MMR (dMMR) leads to increased mutational burden and has been associated with several carcinomas and cancer syndromes like Lynch syndrome. The absence of MMR protein by immunohistochemistry is a surrogate marker for microsatellite instability. The aim of the study is to present our datas of MMR deficient tumors and the pattern of MMR protein loss by using immunohistochemistry,also to highlight the technical issues of tissue processing that interfere in result interpretation. Material & Method: 318 cases of various carcinomas were analysed for mismatch repair proteins viz. MLH1, MSH2, MSH6 and PMS2 using immunohistochemistry.Result: Out of total 318 cases,47 cases showed deficient MMR proteins. Among the MMR deficient cases colonic adenocarcinoma cases has the highest percentage with loss of MMR proteins. Regarding pattern of MMR protein loss the simultaneous loss of both MLH1 and PMS2 is the most common pattern. In 5 cases (1.5%) of total cases we could not interpret the result. In compare to MMR proficient colorectal adenocarcinomas, the MMR deficient tumors are predominantly right sided and on histopathology they shows high grade histology,intratumoral lymphocytic infiltration, peritumoral lymphocytic infilatration,,mucinous and signet cell components. Conclusion: Evaluation of MMR proteins using immunohistochemistry is relatively easy to institute in the routine testing as it is a useful predictive and prognostic marker in various carcinomas,also it helps screening the cases of lynch syndrome. This study also highlight the need of using standard protocols for tissue fixation and processing before evaluating for MMR proteins.
A Rare Presentation of Primary Plasma Cell Leukemia: A Case Report and Review of Literature
Authors: Gaurav T Damdar , Anusree Prabhakaran
Published: August 2023

Background: The primary plasma cell leukemia (pPCL) is an aggressive plasma cell neoplasm. It is diagnosed by the presence of an absolute plasma cell count of >2 × 109/L or 20% plasma cells in the peripheral blood. pPCL is rare and reported to be <1 in a million. Hence, our case report is a rare opportunity to describe clinical presentation and management of pPCL. Case Details: A 72-year-old male patient with benign prostatic hyperplasia, presented to the hospital for cough, breathlessness, and intermittent fever of one month. On arrival, he was tachypnoeic with altered sensorium and rales in his chest. Laboratory examination showed anemia, leucocytosis, and thrombocytopenia. The peripheral blood smears revealed 25-30% circulating atypical plasmacytoid cells. Flow cytometry on the peripheral blood revealed 58.7% lymphoid cells. Out of the total lymphoid cells, 73.6 % cells were characterized by expression of CD38, CD138, CD19, CD49d, CD43, CD27, CD81 (96.9% dim positives) CD 56 with dim kappa light chain restriction suggestive of PCL. Furthermore, serum protein electrophoresis and serum immunofixation showed an M-band (0.53g) of IgG kappa subtype. However, the patient developed lower respiratory tract infections with multi-organ dysfunction and he succumbed to the same.Conclusion: The prognosis of pPCL is very poor and the high risk of infective complications. Early diagnosis and optimal chemotherapy would be the key to the management. Detailed peripheral blood film examination and characterization of abnormal cells with immune phenotyping are of utmost importance in diagnosing pPCL.
Body Composition as Prognostic Markers for Survival of Patients with Non-Metastatic Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Taemkaew Kittithat , Churungsuk Chaitong Churungsuk , Khanungwanitkul Khanin , Keeratichananont Warangkana , Tanutit Pramot Tanutit , Liabsuetrakul Tippawan
Published: August 2023

Objective: Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths. Although, previous research have shown that patients with non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), with a higher body mass index (BMI), have a lower risk of death, only a few studies have examined the effects of body composition. Hence, this study examined the prognostic value of skeletal muscle mass and fat mass in patients with non-metastatic NSCLC. Material and Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study; from 2008 to 2012. Eighty-eight of 130 non-metastatic NSCLC patients underwent computed tomography to assess paravertebral skeletal muscle, subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT), and visceral adipose-tissue (VAT) at the 3rd lumbar vertebral level. Spearman correlation analysis was used to analyze body-composition correlations. Cox regression analysis was used to determine prognostic markers. Results: Higher SAT and VAT indices were associated with a higher-survival probability (HR, 0.79; p-value=0.001 and, HR 0.88; p-value=0.016, respectively). In contrast, higher SAT density and VAT/SAT ratio were associated with a lower survival probability (HR 1.16, p-value=0.012; HR 1.28, p-value=0.006, respectively). Lower performance status and TNM stage 3 were associated with lower-survival probability (HR 2.60; p-value=0.004, HR 1.92; p-value=0.035, respectively).Conclusion: The VAT index predicts a better prognosis for patients with non-metastatic lung cancer; however, visceral-fat distribution, as measured by a high VAT/SAT ratio, is associated with a worse prognosis.
"Nuevo Régimen Electivo" en Oxchuc, Chiapas
Authors:   CIESAS Unidad Sureste, Cosh Pale Manuel
Published: August 2023

Analizo las oportunidades y desafíos que enfrenta el municipio indígena de Oxchuc (Chiapas, México) debido al recién introducido régimen electoral de ‘Usos y Costumbres’, denominado jurídica y electoralmente como «Sistemas Normativos Internos» (SNI). Oxchuc fue el primeroen implementarlo en Chiapas, para la elección de sus autoridades municipales. Desde el concepto de Cultura Política, reflexiono sobre las instituciones políticas del municipio que contribuyen al desarrollo de este proyecto y, al mismo tiempo, aquellas que obstruyen y/o desafían su continuidad. Para ello, examino detalladamente los lineamientos que regularon las elecciones de autoridades municipales de los años 2019 y 2021 de Oxchuc, bajo su nuevo régimen electoral de ‘Usos y Costumbres’, conocido oficialmente como «Sistemas Normativos Internos» (SNI). Concluyo que el naciente régimen de esta demarcación debe superar importantes aspectos técnicos en materia de procedimientos electorales propios y, al mismo tiempo, aspectos políticos para poder lograr una interrelación única, acorde a la complejidad socioterritorial y política del municipio.
Peerless Dulcinea, Love of God, and Shoah
Authors: Postoutenko Kirill
Published: August 2023

Building upon the extended notion of conceptual history as a diachronic study of conceptual interactions, the article begins with deconstructing the paradoxical semantic core of incomparability statements that, it is claimed, endows them with a capacity of stabilizing social semantics. By declaring certain foundational values—positive (Shoah) or negative (God)—“incomparable” and thus immune to the challenges of cross-evaluation, the users of discourse uphold the boundaries of civilized society. On a smaller scale, this exclusion of competitive valuation is undergirded by the ascription of “incomparability” to the small pool of political and cultural figures, literary artifacts, social events, and representative allegories. The conclusion outlines the social contingency of conventions regulating the ascriptions of “incomparability” against the backdrop of their discursive stability across genres, epochs, and languages.
ЗІСТАВЛЕННЯ ПОНЯТЬ «МОРАЛЬНІСТЬ», «ТОЛЕРАНТНІСТЬ» ТА «ТЕРПИМІСТЬ» В ЯКОСТІ ПРАВОВИХ КАТЕГОРІЙ
Authors: Горєлова В.Ю.
Published: August 2023

У статті окреслені наявні підходи до розуміння таких понять як толерантність, терпимість та моральність. Виявлені основні ознаки категорій «толерантність» та «терпимість». Проведено зіставлення цих понять з правової позиції. Виявлено, що сенс категорій «толерантність» та «терпимість» зводиться до однакової мети їх застосування, а саме: безконфліктного існування людини у соціумі та цивілізованого вирішення питань. Ці два терміни використовуються одночасно у міжнародних правових актах. Разом з тим, поняття «толерантність» наділено більш змістовною складовою. Наголошено, що категорія «толерантність» є іноземним інструментом для реалізації ідеї терпеливого, поблажливого ставлення до людини з метою укріплення проголошених прав людини, направлених на боротьбу з будь-якою дискримінацією та досягнення мирного співіснування людей у соціумі. Встановлено, що категорія «моральність» вміщує в собі толерантність відносин та терпимість людей один до одного. Зауважено, що важливість терміну «моральність» прямо випливає з Конституції України, оскільки неодноразово застосовується в її межах, а також входить до змісту статей національних законів в різних галузях права: цивільного, кримінального, трудового, адміністративного тощо. Адже українська держава наголошує не лише на фізичному та психічному, а й на моральному розвитку дітей. До того ж посягання на «моральність» прямо передбачена розділом XII Кримінального Кодексу України, а відшкодування моральної шкоди прямо передбачено цивільним законодавством. Робиться висновок, що саме категорія «моральність» повинна застосовуватись в межах національного законодавства, адже саме вона виступає в якості правового ідентифікатора доброго та поганого, що передбачає, на відміну від «толерантності», певну позитивну або негативну відповідальність людини.
Device Closure of Left Circumflex Coronary Artery to Coronary Sinus Fistula
Authors: Bhardwaj Rajeev , Asotra Sanjeev
Published: August 2023

A coronary artery fistula (CAF) is defined as a direct connection between a coronary artery with right heart chambers including the right atrium, right ventricle, coronary sinus, superior vena cava, or pulmonary arteries. Elective closure of coronary artery fistula by surgery or percutaneous transcatheter technique is generally accepted in the presence of symptoms. We report a case of successful percutaneous transcatheter device closure of coronary fistula, originating from the circumflex artery and draining into the coronary sinus.
Structure formation of moisture exchange in the aeration zone of an irrigated field in presence of a capillary fringe in soil thickness
Authors:   Novocherkassk Engineering and Land Reclamation Institute – branch of the Don State Agrarian University, Novocherkassk, Russian Federation, Olgarenko Vladimir Iv. , Olgarenko Igor V. ,   Novocherkassk Engineering and Land Reclamation Institute – branch of the Don State Agrarian University, Novocherkassk, Russian Federation, Semenenko Sergey Ya. ,   All-Russian Research Institute of Irrigated Agriculture, Volgograd, Russian Federation, Olgarenko Vladimir Ig. ,   Russian Scientific Research Institute of Land Improvement Problems, Novocherkassk, Russian Federation
Published: August 2023

Purpose: scientific and technical substantiation of water balance components of an irrigated field in the particular case of the connection of an aquifer and aeration zone through a capillary fringe. Materials and methods. The studies were carried out in Pobeda LLC, Bagaevsky district, Elkin farm in 2018 and 2019. When organizing studies, an integrated approach was used: stationary and experimental plots were used. The climatic conditions of the research objects correspond to the semi-arid steppe zone, the soils are southern chernozems. Results. As a result of processing the field experience data, it was determined that for the conditions of an average dry year in the last third of May, the water table occurrence, calculated according to the radiation balance, is at a depth of 1.0 m, the average daily water consumption is 6.5 mm, groundwater feeding – 2.9 mm, and at a depth of 1.5 and 2.0 m – 2.0 and 1.25 mm, respectively. For the conditions of an average year in the phase of the beginning of alfalfa flowering (in the first days of June), the average daily water consumption is 5 mm, and groundwater recharge is 2.2; 1.38 and 0.81 mm at a depth of groundwater level of 1.0; 1.5 and 2.0 m respectively. The values of water consumption are obtained from the heat balance equation of the active surface, the dynamics of moisture exchange elements in the aeration zone of an irrigated alfalfa field, a comparative assessment of the evaporation obtained by the following methods is given: radiation balance (accuracy 0.89), N. N. Ivanov (accuracy 0.68) and the modified model of S. I. Kharchenko (accuracy 0.88), with the corresponding mathematical processing (coefficient of variation, dispersion, deviation) by the sum of accumulated effective temperatures compared with the actual data. Conclusions: as a reference method, the method of determining the evapotranspiration of agricultural crops according to the radiation balance should be used; the implementation of the required model according to S. I. Kharchenko makes it possible to increase the accuracy of determining the desired value by 30 % compared to the determination model according to N. N. Ivanov.
Theoretical foundations of calculating the system for the organic fertilizers introduction in suction pipelines of pumping stations for fertilizing irrigation agricultural crops
Authors:   Novocherkassk Engineering and Land Reclamation Institute – branch of the Don State Agrarian University, Novocherkassk, Russian Federation, Rudakov Vladimir A. , Maklakov Dmitriy V. ,   Novocherkassk Engineering and Land Reclamation Institute – branch of the Don State Agrarian University, Novocherkassk, Russian Federation, Tarasyants Sergey A. ,   Novocherkassk Engineering and Land Reclamation Institute – branch of the Don State Agrarian University, Novocherkassk, Russian Federation, Urzhumova Yulia S. ,   Novocherkassk Engineering and Land Reclamation Institute – branch of the Don State Agrarian University, Novocherkassk, Russian Federation
Published: August 2023

Purpose: to substantiate theoretically the calculation of the system for introducing organic fertilizers into the suction pipelines of pumping stations during fertilizing irrigation of agricultural crops. Materials and methods. The foundations of calculating the system of introducing organic fertilizers into the suction pipelines of pumping stations during fertilizing irrigation are developed on the basis of literary sources and authors’ research. If there is a composition of nutrients in the manure of cattle (CM), horse, pig or sheep for the planned harvest of the adopted crop, the one-time and annual application amounts for the most toxic element – nitrogen are calculated. It is indicated that in case of a deficiency of nutrients for phosphorus and potassium, an additional calculation for the mineral fertilizers introduction is carried out. Results. An example of calculating the annual amount of irrigation mixture for corn for silage when removing nutrients with an accepted harvest of green mass of 500 q/ha is provided. The calculation is determined by: application rate, cubic meters/ha; nitrogen content in the application rate, kg/ha; the annual volume of the irrigation mixture, with a nitrogen content of 0.15 %. In the example, the calculation is performed for the possible presence of fertilizers in cattle drains according to two variants of technological schemes: without using a mixer, when introducing fertilizers from the storage tank directly into the suction pipeline; using a mixer, when introducing fertilizers from the storage tank into the suction pipe of the mixer. For the calculation, the initial data of hydraulic parameters are given, the consumption of cattle manure with a humidity of 92–95 % is taken as the main calculation parameter. Conclusions: the developed theoretical calculation of the system for introducing organic fertilizers into the suction pipelines of pumping stations allows determining the rate of one-time and annual fertilizer application and determining the hydraulic parameters of the fertilizer input system without a jet mixer.