bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
High resolution acoustic telemetry reveals swim speeds and inferred field metabolic rates in juvenile white sharks (Carcharodon carcharias)
Authors: Anderson James M. , Spurgeon Emily , Stirling Brian S. , May Jack , Rex Patrick. T. , Hyla Bobby , McCullough Steve , Thompson Marten , Lowe Christopher G.
Published: June 2022

White sharks (Carcharodon carcharias) are the largest shark species to display regional endothermy. This capability likely facilitates exploitation of resources beyond thermal tolerance thresholds of potential sympatric competitors as well as sustained elevated swim speeds, but results in increased metabolic costs of adults, which has been documented in different studies. Little, however, is known of the metabolic requirements in free-swimming juveniles of the species, due to their large size at birth and challenges in measuring their oxygen consumption rates in captivity. We used trilateration of positional data from high resolution acoustic-telemetry to derive swim speeds from speed-over-ground calculations for eighteen free-swimming individual juvenile white sharks, and subsequently estimate associated mass-specific oxygen consumption rates as a proxy for field routine metabolic rates. Resulting estimates of mass-specific field routine metabolic rates (368 mg O2 kg−1 h−1 ± 27 mg O2 kg−1 h−1 [mean ± S.D.]) are markedly lower than those reported in sub-adult and adult white sharks by previous studies. We argue that median cruising speeds while aggregating at nearshore nursery habitats (0.6 m s-1 [mean ± S.E = 0.59 ± 0.001], 0.3 TL s-1) are likely a feature of behavioral strategies designed to optimize bioenergetic efficiency, by modulating activity rates in response to environmental temperature profiles to buffer heat loss and maintain homeostasis. Such behavioral strategies more closely resemble those exhibited in ectotherm sharks, than mature conspecifics.
Changes in the components of visual attention following traumatic brain injury: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Alnawmasi Mohammed M. , Mani Revathy , Khuu Sieu K.
Published: June 2022

Purpose

We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to understand the impact of traumatic brain injury (TBI) on visual attention and whether different components and processes of visual attention (such as selective, sustained, divided, and covert orientation of visual attention) are affected following brain injury.

Methods

A literature search between January 1980 to May 2021 was conducted using Medline, Scopus, PubMed, and Google Scholar databases was undertaken for studies that assessed visual attention using different tasks that target specific or multiple components of visual attention. Three hundred twenty-nine potentially relevant articles were identified, and 20 studies met our inclusion criteria.

Results

A total of 123 effect sizes (ES) were estimated from 20 studies that included 519 patients with TBI and 530 normal participants. The overall combined ES was statistically significant and large (ES = 0.92), but with high heterogeneity (Q = 614.83, p < 0.0001, I2= 80.32%). Subgroup analysis showed that the impact of TBI severity, with the ES for moderate-severe TBI significantly higher than mild TBI (t (112) = 3.11, p = 0.002). Additionally, the component of visual attention was differentially affected by TBI (F (2, 120) = 10.25, p<0.0001); the ES for selective attention (ES = 1.13) and covert orientation of visual attention (ES = 1.14) were large, whilst for sustained attention, the ES was medium at 0.43. A subgroup analysis comparing outcome measures showed that reaction time (ES = 1.12) was significantly more affected compared to performance accuracy (ES = 0.43), F (1, 96) = 25.98, p<0.0001).

Conclusion

Large and significant deficits in visual attention was found following TBI which can last for years after the initial injury. However, different components of visual attention were not affected to the same extent, with selective visual attention and orientation of visual attention most affected following TBI.
Spatio-temporal spread of COVID-19: Comparison of the inhomogeneous SEPIR model and data from South Carolina
Authors: Tsori Yoav , Granek Rony
Published: June 2022

During the COVID-19 pandemic authorities have been striving to obtain reliable predictions for the spreading dynamics of the disease. We recently developed a multi-“sub-populations” (multi-compartments: susceptible, exposed, pre-symptomatic, infectious, recovered) model, that accounts for the spatial in-homogeneous spreading of the infection and shown, for a variety of examples, how the epidemic curves are highly sensitive to location of epicenters, non-uniform population density, and local restrictions. In the present work we test our model against real-life data from South Carolina during the period May 22 to July 22 (2020). During this period, minimal restrictions have been employed, which allowed us to assume that the local basic reproduction number is constant in time. We account for the non-uniform population density in South Carolina using data from NASA’s Socioeconomic Data and Applications Center (SEDAC), and predict the evolution of infection heat-maps during the studied period. Comparing the predicted heat-maps with those observed, we find high qualitative resemblance. Moreover, the Pearson’s correlation coefficient is relatively high thus validating our model against real-world data. We conclude that the model accounts for the major effects controlling spatial in-homogeneous spreading of the disease. Inclusion of additional sub-populations (compartments), in the spirit of several recently developed models for COVID-19, can be easily performed within our mathematical framework.
The role of the Big Two in socially responsible behavior during the COVID-19 pandemic: Agency and communion in adolescents’ personal norm and behavioral adherence to instituted measures
Authors: Korlat Selma , Holzer Julia , Reiter Julia , Pelikan Elisabeth Rosa , Schober Barbara , Spiel Christiane , Lüftenegger Marko
Published: June 2022

The outbreak of the COVID-19 virus urged all members of the society to adopt COVID-responsible behavioral patterns and practice them in everyday life. Given the variability in its adoption, it is critical to understand psychological factors associated with socially responsible behavior during the pandemic. This might be even more important among adolescents, who are less endangered by the virus but contribute to its spread. In this article, we focus on adolescent boys’ and girls’ agency and communion orientations to explain the level of importance they attribute to the instituted measures to contain the spread of the COVID-19 virus (personal norm), as well as their behavioral adherence to those measures. In total, 12,552 adolescents (67.6% girls, Mage = 15.06, SDage = 2.44, age range 10–21) answered inventory assessing adolescents’ agentic and communal orientation (GRI-JUG) and items related to personal norm regarding the instituted measures and behavioral adherence to the measures. The results showed a small positive role of communion in both boys’ and girls’ personal norm and behavioral adherence, whereas agency played a very small negative role in boys’ and girls’ personal norm and boys’ behavioral adherence to measures. Nevertheless, these findings could indicate the importance of enhancing communal traits and behaviors in both genders in order to assure socially responsible behavior during the pandemic.
Sex, size and habitat complexity effects on emergence latency and latency to locate food of the invasive porthole livebearer (Poeciliopsis gracilis)
Authors: Aceves-Fonseca Esteban , Santiago-Arellano Abigail , Camacho-Cervantes Morelia
Published: June 2022

Biological invasions are considered the second major cause of plant, amphibian, reptile, and mammal loss worldwide. Like islands, freshwater ecosystems are especially susceptible to the negative impacts of invasions. The porthole livebearer (Poeciliopsis gracilis), recently identified as invasive in the Mexican Central Plateau, is increasing its populations and could impact freshwater ecosystems like its cousin species the guppy (Poecilia reticulata). Risk-taking behaviours, such as emergence latency, are recognised as key characteristics to invasion success and Poeciliid females can establish a viable population by themselves (due to their multiple paternity broods). We investigated the emergence latency and latency to locate food in simple and complex environments of porthole livebearers, including the effect of their size and sex. For both sexes, bigger fish emerge less times and take longer to do so, but females are faster to exit the refuge than males. We found no differences in porthole livebearer’s behaviour in complex or simple habitats, and no significant differences between sex, size or treatment in the time to locate food after exiting the refuge. Our results suggest that the benefit of faster emergence from the refuge in porthole livebearers in novel environments could be higher for females. We consider that porthole livebearer females being bolder could contribute to the invasion success of the species. Our study points at females and smaller fish as being the more likely to explore novel environments, which could contribute to understanding how the invasions by the porthole livebearer are driven.
Proof of an optimized salicylic acid paste-based treatment concept of ulcerative M2-stage digital dermatitis lesions in 21 dairy cows
Authors: Alsaaod Maher , Jensen Tim K. , Miglinci Lea , Gurtner Corinne , Brandt Sabine , Plüss Jeanette , Studer Eveline , Steiner Adrian
Published: June 2022

The efficacy of salicylic acid paste (SA) in the treatment of ulcerative bovine digital dermatitis (BDD) was assessed by combining clinical and histopathological analyses with molecular biological techniques. The latter were conducted in a blinded manner to reach maximum objectivity. Prior to treatment, M2-stage BDD lesions (n = 26, diagnosed in 21 dairy cows) exhibited ulceration, with severe perivascular, chronic, lymphoplasmacytic dermatitis and extensive keratinolysis being noted in most cases. Pretreatment biopsy samples (n = 12) followed by povidone-iodine ointment under bandage for one week before administration of SA paste were tested positive for Treponema spp. by blinded PCR and fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH). Subsequent treatment consisted of application of SA and bandaging at weekly intervals until lesions had completely resolved. The treatment duration ranged between 2 and 4 weeks. Complete healing was achieved in 100% of cases, with 2/21 animals requiring a second round of treatment upon disease reoccurrence. Importantly, only 3/26 biopsies taken from previously affected sites still tested positive by Treponema PCR, and in another biopsy, the outermost layers of the stratum corneum scored weakly positive by Treponema-specific FISH. None of these Treponema DNA-positive biopsies showed signs of ulceration. One case exhibited focal keratinolysis. Positive PCR or FISH in these cases may have arisen from DNA traces of dead bacteria or environmental contamination during biopsy harvesting. To our knowledge, this is the first study on blinded molecular biological monitoring of the therapeutic efficacy of SA with respect to treponemal infection, and on complete BDD M2-stage remission in all animals achieved by SA treatment according to an optimized protocol. Although the etiology of BDD is considered as multifactorial, our data further support the concept that treponemes have a decisive role in BDD pathogenesis.
Spatiotemporal analysis of hospital admissions for primary care-sensitive conditions in women and children in the first 1000 days of life
Authors: Prado Isabelle Aguiar , Rocha Núbia Cristina da Silva , Rocha Thiago Augusto Hernandes , Thomaz Erika Bárbara Abreu Fonseca
Published: June 2022

Objective

To analyze the spatiotemporal distribution of hospital admission rates for primary care-sensitive conditions (PCSC) in women and children in the first 1000 days of life in Brazil.

Methods

Ecological study, with spatiotemporal analyses, using secondary data from Brazilian municipalities. PCSC in women, related to prenatal care and childbirth, and in children under two years old, from 2008 to 2019 were used to characterize trends and formations of spatiotemporal clusters/outliers. Crude PCSC rates were calculated and adjusted by the local empirical Bayesian method, presented in choropleth maps. We also used Anselin Local Moran I type analyses to identify spatial clusters, and space-time cube with clustering by emerging hotspot, followed by time series clustering, for analysis of spatiotemporal trends (alpha = 5%).

Results

A total of 1,850,776 PCSC were registered in pregnant women, puerperae, and children under two years of age in Brazil, representing 1.7% of the total number of hospital admissions in the period. PCSC rates showed different behaviors when the groups of women and children were evaluated, with a predominant growing trend of 109% in admissions in the first group and a reduction of 34.4% in the second. The North, Northeast, and Midwest regions had larger high-risk clusters and more significant increasing trends in PCSC in the two subpopulations studied.

Conclusions

Health actions and services in primary care may be reducing hospital admissions for children, but they are not being effective in reducing hospital admissions for women for causes related to prenatal care and childbirth, especially in the North, Northeast, and Midwest of Brazil. Investments in the qualification of care over the thousand days are urgent in the country.
Understanding determinants of vaccine hesitancy and acceptance in India: A qualitative study of government officials and civil society stakeholders
Authors: Erchick Daniel J. , Gupta Madhu , Blunt Madeleine , Bansal Adarsh , Sauer Molly , Gerste Amelia , Holroyd Taylor A. , Wahl Brian , Santosham Mathuram , Limaye Rupali J.
Published: June 2022

Introduction

Few studies have described the drivers of vaccine hesitancy and acceptance in India from the perspective of those involved in the design and implementation of vaccine campaigns–such as government officials and civil society stakeholders–a prerequisite to developing approaches to address this barrier to high immunization coverage and further child health improvements.

Methods

We conducted a qualitative study to understand government officials and civil society stakeholders’ perceptions of the drivers of vaccine hesitancy in India. We conducted in-depth phone interviews using a structured guide of open-ended questions with 21 participants from international and national non-governmental organizations, professional associations, and universities, and state and national government–six national-level stakeholders in New Delhi, six state-level stakeholders in Uttar Pradesh, six in Kerala, and three in Gujarat–from July 2020 to October 2020. We analyzed data through a multi-stage process following Grounded Theory. We present findings on individual-level, contextual, and vaccine/vaccination program-specific factors influencing vaccine hesitancy.

Results

We identified multiple drivers and complex ways they influence vaccine beliefs, attitudes, and behaviors from the perspective of government officials and civil society stakeholders involved in vaccine campaigns. Important individual-level influences were low awareness of the benefits of vaccination, safety concerns, especially related to mild adverse events following immunization, and mistrust in government and health service quality. Contextual-level factors included communications, the media environment, and social media, which serves as a major conduit of misinformation and driver of hesitancy, as well as sociodemographic factors–specific drivers varied widely by income, education, urban/rural setting, and across religious and cultural groups. Among vaccine/vaccination-level issues, vaccine program design and delivery and the role of health care professionals emerged as the strongest determinants of hesitancy.

Conclusions

Drivers of vaccine hesitancy in India, as elsewhere, vary widely by local context; successful interventions should address individual, contextual, and vaccine-specific factors. While previous studies focused on individual-level factors, our study demonstrates the equal importance of contextual and vaccine-specific influences, especially the communication and media environment, influential leaders, sociodemographic factors, and frontline health workers.
Mental model for information processing and decision-making in emergency care
Authors: Al-Moteri Modi
Published: June 2022

Background

Uncertainty and time pressure in emergency departments add a challenge to the rational decision-making process, specifically when encountering a critical patient who requires a prompt response. However, there has been little attempt to develop a mental structure model to understand the thought processes and identify cognitive weaknesses points in nurses’ decision-making. A better understanding can inform changes in both practice learning strategies and decision-making in emergency department. This study aims to better understand how newly employed nurses process information and initiate actions in emergency situations characterized by time constraints and uncertainty.

Method

Participants worked under time pressure and uncertainty to solve a simulated shock case by establishing an assumption of what type of shock the simulated patient might have and its cause. An 8-minute window was available to initiate action. Following the simulation, a retrospective think-aloud interview was conducted.

Findings

Participants’ ability to identify the category of shock was better than their ability to identify the underlaying cause of the shock. This influenced their ability to intervene correctly. Participants’ thinking process in an emergency situation can be organized using ABCDE acronym as follows: (1) awareness of the situation, followed by, an instant (2) generation of beliefs (presumption), (3) controlling the consequence (first-line management action), (4) involvement in deliberate thinking and, finally (5) execution, actions (second-line management action). The cognitive weakness was mainly noticed during the first-line management action when participants were involved in immediate lifesaving activities.

Conclusion

Classification of the steps involved in decision-making when encountering emergency situations may provide insight into the strengths and weaknesses of the thought process at different stages. Further studies are required.
Are the benefits of prosocial spending and buying time moderated by age, gender, or income?
Authors: Lok Iris , Dunn Elizabeth W.
Published: June 2022

In the last two decades, social psychologists have identified several key spending strategies that promote happiness such as making time-saving purchases (buying time) and spending money on others (prosocial spending). Although the emotional benefits of these two spending strategies are well-documented in the current literature, it is unclear whether the effectiveness of these strategies vary depending on individual characteristics. To address this research gap, we surveyed an economically diverse sample of 15,545 Americans about their subjective well-being, spending behavior, personal values and beliefs, as well as demographics including age, gender, and income. Across demographic groups, spending money on others was robustly related to happiness. Spending money on others was also associated with greater happiness regardless of whether participants believed that they would be happier spending money on others. In contrast, the relationship between buying time and happiness was somewhat less reliable. Although gender and personal income did not moderate the relationship between buying time and happiness, the relationship was only marginally significant for men, and non-significant within each income bracket. Our results also indicated that those who valued money over time were significantly happier when they used money to buy time, whereas those who valued time over money reported similar levels of happiness whether or not they bought time. Taken together, the present research shows that the relationship between prosocial spending, buying time, and subjective well-being is largely consistent across the different demographic groups we examined.
Spatial heterogeneity of neighborhood-level water and sanitation access in informal urban settlements: A cross-sectional case study in Beira, Mozambique
Authors: Victor Courtney , Vega Ocasio Denisse , Cumbe Zaida A. , Garn Joshua V. , Hubbard Sydney , Mangamela Magalhaes , McGunegill Sandy , Nalá Rassul , Snyder Jedidiah S. , Levy Karen , Freeman Matthew C.
Published: June 2022

Rapid urbanization, resulting in population growth within informal settlements, has worsened exclusion and inequality in access to water and sanitation (WASH) services in the poorest and most marginalized communities. In this study, we describe the heterogeneity in water service satisfaction and WASH access in low-income, peri-urban neighborhoods of Beira, Mozambique, and examine whether this heterogeneity can be explained by distance to water distribution mains. Using spatial statistics and regression analyses, we identify spatial heterogeneity in household WASH access, as well as consumer-reported satisfaction with water services (services, pressure, quality, and sufficient quantity). We find that as distance from the water main increased, both access to an improved water source at the household and satisfaction with water pressure decreases, and water supply intermittency increases, controlling for household density and socioeconomic status. The odds of a household having access to a water source at the household or on the compound decreases with every 100-meter increase in distance from a water main pipe (odds ratio [OR] 0.87, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.82, 0.92). Satisfaction with water services also decreases with every 100-meter increase in distance from a water main pipe (OR: 0.80; 95% CI: 0.69, 0.94). Days of availability in the past week decreases by a factor of 0.22 for every 100-meter increase in distance from the water main (95% CI: -0.29, -0.15). Findings from this study highlight the unequal household access to water and sanitation in urban informal settlements, even within low-income neighborhoods. Describing this heterogeneity of access to water services, sanitation, and satisfaction—and the factors influencing them—can inform stakeholders and guide the development of infrastructural solutions to reduce water access inequities within urban settings.
El canto es vuelo: la atípica poética de Fernando Fernán-Gómez
Authors: Mateo Hidalgo Javier
Published: June 2022

La poesía de Fernando Fernán-Gómez posee una serie de particularidades que la hacen especial dentro de su legado literario. Su heterogeneidad en estilos y temáticas sitúan la voz poética de este creador multidisciplinar entre las más originales de la literatura española del s. XX. No obstante, la poca importancia dada a esta faceta literaria por parte del propio autor hizo que ésta permaneciese ajena al público y a los investigadores durante varias décadas. La publicación en 2002 del libro El canto es vuelo por parte del escritor permitió acceder a la totalidad de su poesía, la mayoría de ésta inédita hasta el momento. El presente artículo pretende reivindicar el valor de la poesía de Fernán-Gómez mediante el estudio de sus textos reunidos en el citado volumen. Así mismo, se recogen testimonios del escritor y de otros autores con el fin de arrojar luz sobre este trabajo poético apenas estudiado.
Calvo Tello, José. The Novel in the Spanish Silver Age. A Digital Analysis of Genre using Machine Learning. Bielefeld: Bielefeld University Press, 2021, 468 pp. ISBN: 978-3-8394-5925-6
Authors: Romero López María Dolores
Published: June 2022

Reseña del libro: Calvo Tello, José. The Novel in the Spanish Silver Age. A Digital Analysis of Genre using Machine Learning. Bielefeld: Bielefeld University Press, 2021, 468 pp. ISBN: 978-3-8394-5925-6.
Los itinerarios de Emilia Pardo Bazán en Por la Europa católica (1902)
Authors: Muñoz Álvarez Manuel Javier
Published: June 2022

Emilia Pardo Bazán es una autora canónica de la literatura española, pero todavía existen áreas de su trayectoria literaria poco estudiadas, como su faceta de viajera. Por la Europa católica (1902), libro de viajes donde recopiló crónicas escritas y publicadas en la prensa contemporánea, es un buen ejemplo. El presente artículo tiene por objeto llenar algunas de las lagunas que presenta el estudio de esta obra apenas atendida por la crítica especializada. Para ello nos centraremos en los siguientes aspectos: la transmisión textual de cada texto, la datación de los itinerarios y la estructura del libro. Un estudio de este tipo permite conocer mejor el proceso creativo de la escritora y aproximarse a uno de los rasgos prototípicos de este subgénero literario: la factualidad.
Riscos socioambientais de inundação urbana sob a perspectiva do Sistema Ambiental Urbano
Authors: Farias Ariadne , Mendonça Francisco
Published: June 2022

Na conjuntura dos problemas socioambientais urbanos, as inundações se destacam pela amplitude dos impactos sobre o espaço construído e, consequentemente, na vida da população. Tal problemática se tornou objeto de estudo de diversas áreas do conhecimento, especialmente, sob a ótica interdisciplinar de pesquisas aplicadas ao entendimento e à identificação dos riscos e das vulnerabilidades socioambientais associadas aos desastres hidrológicos. A ocorrência de eventos extremos de precipitação registrados nas cidades brasileiras tem despertado também a atenção dos gestores e agentes públicos, uma vez que as inundações dos rios urbanos vêm causando, a cada ano, sérios prejuízos à população e aos serviços localizados em áreas de risco. De modo geral, os desastres registrados nas grandes cidades – e até mesmo em cidades de médio e pequeno porte – estão associados ao uso e ocupação do solo e à gestão das águas pluviais urbanas. Motivado por essa problemática, este artigo tem por objetivo apresentar os resultados da pesquisa sobre os riscos socioambientais de inundação urbana em Francisco Beltrão, município localizado no estado do Paraná – região Sul do Brasil. O estudo encontrou suporte na metodologia do Sistema Ambiental Urbano (SAU), aplicada à identificação dos fatores socioambientais que intervêm no processo de construção dos riscos e das vulnerabilidades relacionados aos desastres hidrológicos. No campo do subsistema social, as perdas materiais relacionados à ocorrência das inundações urbanas em Francisco Beltrão alertam para a vulnerabilidade da população afetada e apontam a dimensão dos prejuízos econômicos e sociais. Enquanto, no campo do subsistema natural, o perigo de eventos hidrometeorológicos extremos – que podem originar enchentes dos rios – é eminente. Quando considera-se o sistema socioambiental urbano de Francisco Beltrão, a exposição da população ao perigo de inundação e a degradação ambiental dos rios urbanos chamam a atenção para a regulamentação do uso e da ocupação do solo nas áreas de risco.
Culture and the Unity of Kant’s

Critique of Judgment
Authors: Vaccarino Bremner Sabina
Published: June 2022

This paper claims that Kant’s conception of culture provides a new means of understanding how the two parts of the Critique of Judgment fit together. Kant claims that culture is both the ‘ultimate purpose’ of nature and to be defined in terms of ‘art in general’ (of which the fine arts are a subtype). In the Critique of Teleological Judgment, culture, as the last empirically cognizable telos of nature, serves as the mediating link between nature and freedom, while in the Critique of Aesthetic Judgment, the connection between art and morality passes through culture. In either case, Kant offers distinct, yet interdependent, arguments for how culture demonstrates the amenability of nature to its supersensible ground: the central question Kant claims in the Introduction that the work seeks to answer. Thus, not only does this account advance a concept essential to both parts of the work; it also demonstrates how the two parts can be conceived as complementary, with each supplementing the other to solve Kant’s central question. As such, understanding the Critique of Judgment in terms of culture enables us to see how the two parts of the work do not merely share points of similarity or common themes, but presuppose one another in order to understand how nature is amenable to freedom.
Public Perceptions of the Supreme Court: How Policy Disagreement Affects Legitimacy
Authors: Strother Logan , Gadarian Shana Kushner
Published: June 2022

It is widely agreed that dissatisfaction with Supreme Court decisions harms the Court’s standing among the public. However, we do not yet know how or why Court performance affects legitimacy. We examine the role that mass perceptions of the Supreme Court’s institutional nature—particularly how “political” it is—plays in assessments of its legitimacy. We find that policy disagreement with Supreme Court decisions causes individuals to view that decision, and the Court itself, as being political in nature. We then show that the more political people think the Court is, the less legitimate they consider it to be. In this way, we show that policy disagreement with decisions strongly and directly reduces Court legitimacy.
A low serum uric acid concentration predicts a poor prognosis in adult patients with candidemia
Authors: Zhou Yuqi , Li Wenjuan , Huang Yubo
Published: June 2022

This study aimed to determine the relation of serum uric acid (UA) level with outcomes in adults with candidemia. Medical records of patients with candidemia treated from 2014 to 2017 were retrospectively reviewed. Patients were age- and sex-matched with healthy control subjects. The associations of UA and cystatin C (CysC) levels with diagnosis and prognosis of candidemia were determined. Sixty-four patients with candidemia (13 females and 51 males; mean age 48.5 years) and 64 matched control subjects were included. The median UA level of patients with candidemia was 255 μmol/L (range, 158–395 μmol/L), and of healthy controls was 398 μmol/L (range, 345–450 μmol/L) (P < 0.001). The median CysC level of patients with candidemia was 1.07 mg/L (range, 0.89–1.59 mg/L), and of the healthy controls was 0.82 mg/L (range, 0.74–0.95 mg/L) (P < 0.001). Patients with a favorable prognosis had significantly higher serum UA levels than those with a poor prognosis (181 μmol/L vs 344 μmol/L; P = 0.001). It was indicated that the estimated OR for UA was significantly > 1 (P = 0.009), and the AUC was 0.734. In summary, a lower serum UA level is associated with a diagnosis of candidemia, and a poor outcome.
Vibration and noise reduction of pipelines using shape memory alloy
Authors: Qiu Ju , Stiharu Ion
Published: June 2022

In this article, the pipeline design is introduced. The new pipe structure is made of new fiber metal laminates with the unidirectional composite and sheet metal (Ti–Ni alloy). Many pipe structures are in the heating environment such as in or around the engine, which will also cause the heating-up structure. If the shape memory alloy (SMA) fiber is added to the composite lamination, it can be seen that with the increase of temperature, the stiffness of the structure is increased and so is its frequency. The changed frequency of the structure can avoid the excitation frequency in this way, which effectively inhibits the resonance. In dynamic analysis, it can also show that the pipeline with the SMA fiber has good performance for vibration reduction and noise attenuation. Additionally, the convergence of the meshing model and the effect of the thickness of the SMA material on vibration and noise reduction are also discussed.
Anarchiving
Authors: Carozzi Giulia
Published: June 2022

This essay is the outcome of my affective immersion in a century-old family archive. Through writing as a method of inquiry, I focus on a particular episode that happened within my family and use it as a starting point to question the archive as a performative, patriarchal system. Accompanied by post-structural concepts, I wander through its rooms unsettling their order; through anarchiving I attend the archive’s marginal spaces and silences by wonder. In this immersive process, I question my own research and position within the family history while also abandoning myself to a feeling of nostalgia for what the archive used to be.
The Whiteness of the Rhetoric of Health and Medicine (RHM)
Authors: Dutta Mohan J.
Published: June 2022

In this essay, I interrogate the whiteness of the disciplinary claims of the emergent area of rhetoric of health and medicine (RHM). Critically examining the practices of erasure written into the disciplinary claims of RHM, I attend to the strategies of establishing white hegemony paradoxically positioned as a response to the whiteness of health communication. I conclude with articulation of the key tenets of the culture-centered approach as anchors for co-creating communicative infrastructures for voices amid subaltern struggles.
Loss of Black Identity in Cyprus
Authors: Ozkaleli Umut
Published: June 2022

“Wake up Ali, wake up!” repeats the folk song. “Arap Ali” (Black Ali) was a folk hero and my paternal grandfather, who was murdered by British colonial soldiers. The song motivated the production of the first-ever Turkish Cypriot opera in 2019. The art form presented actual Black people as white. Connecting personal memories to the symbols of staged whitewashing, this study seeks to understand hidden colorist cultural practices in Cyprus. I discuss the ways in which global racism and colonialism are strongly entangled with local racist and colorist practices. This autoethnography is a call to wake up and take a stand against silencing and oppression.
SARS-CoV-2, platelets, and endothelium: coexistence in space and time, or a pernicious ménage à trois?
Authors: Bogdanov Vladimir Y , Khirmanov Vladimir N
Published: June 2022

As we enter year 3 of SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, long-term consequences of COVID-19 have become a major public health issue worldwide; however, the molecular and cellular underpinnings of ‘long COVID’ remain very poorly understood. A paradigm has recently emerged that thrombo-inflammatory consequences of SARS-CoV-2’s impact on endothelial cells and platelets likely play a significant role in the development of chronic symptomatology associated with COVID-19. In this brief overview, we discuss the recent findings pertaining to the detection of SARS-CoV-2 virions in vascular cell subtypes, the contribution of the coagulation system to the development of ‘long COVID’, and the potential role of stem/progenitor cells in the viral and thrombotic dissemination in this disorder.
Re(imaginación) ontológica de la seguridad internacional desde los “Sures Glocales”
Authors: Niño César
Published: June 2022

El objetivo principal de esta investigación es aportar nuevas perspectivas a la agenda académica en seguridad internacional. Es esta oportunidad sobre la construcción ontológica de la propuesta conceptual de los “Sures Glocales”. Este artículo responde a la pregunta ¿por qué re-imaginar la ontología de la seguridad internacional desde los Sures Glocales? Es así como la hipótesis que guía al estudio es que al re-imaginar la ontología de la seguridad se puede acercar al entendimiento particular, local y real de los fenómenos con alcance global y sus directas implicaciones en la seguridad internacional. Uno de los principales resultados es que, para solucionar los problemas y amenazas contemporáneos, es necesario re-imaginar las causas subyacentes particulares de cada asunto relativo a la seguridad. Así se logra determinar que, en dicha materia, los fenómenos responden a sistemas complejos de interacción en el que es necesario revaluar las narrativas ortodoxas entre el Norte y el Sur Globales para una configuración moderna de “Sures Glocales”.
El rol del contador como perito contable en el proceso penal colombiano
Authors: Morales Chinome José Liborio , Caballero Hoyos Astrid Carolina , Lozano Gil Yuliana , Plazas Estepa Rodrigo A. , Hernández Aros Ludivia
Published: June 2022

En esta investigación, se examina de manera crítica y analítica el rol que debe cumplir el contador público cuando actúa como perito en el contexto del proceso penal colombiano, bien dentro del sistema inquisitivo previsto en el código de procedimiento penal ordinario —Ley 600 de 2000—, o en el sistema de corte oral acusatorio —Ley 906 de 2004—, así como en la sistemática penal militar que sigue estas mismas ritualidades —leyes 522 de 1999 y 1407 de 2010—, respectivamente. El estudio precisa en forma sucinta la labor del perito contable dentro del proceso penal como auxiliar de la justicia para emitir un dictamen o informe pericial sobre la contabilidad de una determinada empresa o institución, de acuerdo con lo ordenado por el fiscal o el juez. A nivel metodológico, es un estudio documental de carácter descriptivo, donde inicialmente se realiza una ilustración contextual de lo que comprende y significa un proceso penal de corte inquisitivo escritural y uno de corte oral acusatorio, las etapas en que se desarrolla y, lo más importante, en cuál de ellas se debe emitir el peritaje contable. Se concluye que el rol del contador como perito contable en el proceso penal es de auxiliar de la justicia como experto en materias contables y el dictamen que debe rendir debe sujetarse a los presupuestos y requerimientos determinados en la ley penal.
Breve mirada a los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible frente a la pandemia de covid-19
Authors: Gómez Parada Edgar Javier
Published: June 2022

En este texto, en una primera parte, se hace una breve revisión del comportamiento de los indicadores de pobreza en América Latina y en Colombia, enfocado en los alcances del fin de la pobreza, expresado como uno de los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible (ODS). Se toma como base la información presentada por la Comisión Económica para América Latina y el Caribe (CEPAL, 2022) sobre el Panorama Social de América Latina. Posteriormente, se presenta el contenido de la revista, que en este número aborda diversas temáticas, como programas para el desarrollo de la vivienda en México; capital intelectual e innovación; riesgos de pago de créditos hipotecarios; prácticas de responsabilidad social y sostenibilidad empresarial; situación financiera en empresas de construcción; y canales de transmisión sobre oferta de vivienda.
Capital intelectual, factor vinculante de innovación tecnológica de las firmas del sector industrial en Colombia 2015-2016
Authors: López Malpica Peter Alejandro
Published: June 2022

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Factores de riesgos financieros en empresas de logística (transporte ferroviario): zona metropolitana de Guadalajara, Jalisco
Authors: Claire Torres Ingrid , Barocio Torres Ana Isabel , Saldaña Meza María
Published: June 2022

México, uno de los países con mayor riqueza natural, es un potencial socio comercial muy atractivo para el resto de los países, ya sea para procesos de promoción o de producción. En este contexto, de acuerdo con los intereses de este artículo ,para realizar los traslados de mercancías para la importación o para la exportación, se utiliza principalmente el transporte ferroviario. Año a año, en la zona metropolitana de Guadalajara, existe un incremento en el sector de la construcción que ahora “representa el 11% del producto interno bruto en Jalisco” (Camara Mexicana de la Industria de la Construcción, 2021) y para ello se necesita la distribución de varios productos y materia prima, entre ellos maquinaria pesada y materia prima como piedra (mármol), que es difícil de trasladar por su volumen y necesita del transporte férreo para distribuirse. La presente investigación pretende mediante el análisis documental identificar los factores de riesgo financiero que afectan la distribución de piedra (mármol) y la maquinaria pesada vía transporte ferroviario, en empresas ubicadas en la zona metropolitana de Guadalajara, Jalisco.
Análisis de las acciones de cambio climático reportadas por las empresas colombianas en las memorias de sostenibilidad en el periodo 2013-2018
Authors: Ortiz Viáfara Claudia Patricia
Published: June 2022

La estructura institucional promovida por la Organización de la Naciones Unidas (ONU) para la gestión de problemáticas como el cambio climático se ha venido configurando desde los años setenta en el contexto internacional. A pesar de esto, el discurso del cambio climático no logra traducirse en acciones concretas para frenar el deterioro ambiental, los últimos informes del Panel Intergubernamental para el Cambio Climático así lo confirman. Esta investigación se propone analizar las acciones para el cambio climático en las memorias de sostenibilidad de las empresas colombianas entre el 2013 y el 2018. Los reportes fueron extraídos de la base de datos de Global Reporting Initiative (GRI). Para este análisis, se utilizó una metodología cuantitativa en la que se revisó la aplicación de los indicadores según la versión G4 de las memorias de sostenibilidad de GRI, bajo 4 categorías propuestas. También, se usó una metodología cuantitativa para elaborar un análisis de contenido a partir de la utilización de las cartas de los directores, que se procesaron en el software Atlas ti. Los datos muestran que el cambio climático se entiende desde las empresas con un alcance muy reducido, limitándose a acciones muy concretas con respecto a las emisiones de gases efecto invernadero (GEI), en particular carbono.
Vivir la comunión en la diferencia en tiempos de posmodernidad. Una reflexión teológica a la luz de Joseph Ratzinger
Authors: Gómez Zuluaga Luz Dary
Published: June 2022

El hombre, es un ser relacional, se constituye y se sostiene a partir de las relaciones que establece con el Otro y con los otros. Esta condición le viene del haber sido creado a imagen y semejanza de Dios, que es Comunidad de personas, un Dios que es relación en el amor y que imprime este sello en su criatura. Sin embargo, él puede desconocer esta condición y desear vivir en la ilusión de la autarquía, de la completa autonomía que lo conduce a la negación de su ser, a la soledad, el miedo y la muerte, que están en la raíz de todos los tipos de desencuentro en los que hoy vive la humanidad y de la que sólo la cercanía personal de alguien que lo ama, puede salvarlo. Esto es precisamente lo que Dios, en Cristo hace por la humanidad. Él muestra el camino para recuperar la relación con el Otro y con los otros, que, partiendo del encuentro, conduce a la experiencia íntima de comunión en el amor. Esta puede ser hoy, una vía esperanzadora frente a los múltiples signos de la cultura posmoderna, especialmente, a la fragilidad de los vínculos personales, que sumerge a muchos en la soledad y el sinsentido; a la vez un desafío para los discípulos de Cristo.
La mística como dispositivo profanador. Una clave para trabajar el diálogo interreligioso contemporáneo
Authors: Espinosa Arce Juan Pablo
Published: June 2022

El presente trabajo ofrece una propuesta de acercamiento a la mística a partir de la categoría de dispositivo profanador presente en el pensamiento de Giorgio Agamben. La profanación agambiana hunde sus raíces en la consideración de que el capitalismo, como modelo socioeconómico y político, es comprendido desde una estructura religiosa y sagrada, fundamentalmente visible y unívoca, y, por tanto, marcada por el fundamentalismo de sus prácticas. Ante esto, la mística vendría a constituir un dispositivo que profana el mecanismo religioso del mercado desde el lenguaje apofático, la experiencia de reconocer el Misterio o de pensar nuevas posibilidades de comprender y vivir la experiencia religiosa. Estos elementos suponen, a su vez, el reconocimiento de una apertura a nuevas modulaciones religioso-sociales que vienen a destrabar y mirar críticamente el fundamentalismo religioso y político de la religión mercado. De esta manera, buscamos ofrecer una reflexión que permita trabajar el diálogo interreligioso como forma sugerente de pensar desde otras voces, en una clara apertura plural y contraria a la visión clausurada propia de la religiosidad capitalista.
Seguimiento de Jesucristo en las comunidades parroquiales de la diócesis de Pereira. El desafío de permanecer y perseverar. Un análisis desde Marcos 4,1-20
Authors: Hurtado Gil Rodrigo
Published: June 2022

Las realidades de las nuevas comunidades de Nueva Evangelización e iniciación cristiana, los movimientos y grupos laicales y apostólicos, agrupados bajo el Plan Pastoral Diocesano de Nueva Evangelización, supera este año los 25 años de existencia en la diócesis de Pereira, en cumplimiento del reto propuesto por el Papa Juan Pablo II de impulsar en Latinoamérica un renovado esfuerzo de Nueva Evangelización, tras el quinto centenario del encuentro con el continente americano. Éste ha sido un período largo y complejo, de siembra y resiembra del mensaje Salvador de Jesucristo, que ha tenido momentos de crecimiento, y otros, la mayoría, de estancamiento y decaimiento. En este artículo de reflexión teológica, se pretende abordar la realidad de lo que ha sido este caminar evangelizador en la diócesis de Pereira, muy similar a otras circunscripciones eclesiásticas de Colombia. Teniendo como punto de referencia y reflexión el Evangelio de Marcos, 4,1-20, la perícopa del sembrador como texto iluminador. Bajo una metodología cuali – cuantitativa, y desde el método teológico de “ver, juzgar y actuar” para indagar con quienes hacen parte o han participado de este proceso evangelizador, cuáles han sido las principales causas de deserción o abandono de este proceso continuo que lleva al encuentro con Cristo y la constitución de comunidades como epicentros de este encuentro. Para evidenciar al final, la constatación de la ausencia de sentido comunitario que, aunado a la desfiguración del sentido del ser cristiano, suman causas para la dicotomía entre la vida cotidiana y la praxis religiosa. Al final del escrito se presentan unas propuestas de acción, que a la luz de la perícopa evangélica pueden reorientar esta estrategia evangelizadora, iluminando los grandes desafíos de perseverar y permanecer en el seguimiento.
Pablo Escobar: ¿La fortaleza del héroe o el miedo causado por el terrorismo?
Authors: Buitrago Rojas Franklin
Published: June 2022

Un amplio número de películas y series de televisión en años recientes han generado una popularidad mediática de jefes del narcotráfico como el conocido capo colombiano Pablo Escobar Gaviria. Este artículo, escrito originalmente para un público europeo, propone una reflexión sobre la figura de Escobar a partir de la virtud de la fortaleza. ¿Puede decirse que un hombre con sus características es un modelo heroico de esta virtud cardinal?
Realidades e imaginarios de la ciudad inclusiva en el libro del Deuteronomio
Authors: De León Azcárate Juan Luis
Published: June 2022

Más de la mitad de la población mundial vive en ciudades y la tendencia es que el porcentaje aumente a corto plazo. Es necesario fomentar ciudades sostenibles e inclusivas. Aunque el concepto bíblico de “ciudad” no se corresponde exactamente con el actual, la Biblia muestra una relativa preocupación por las condiciones de vida de las ciudades y por cómo los israelitas debían vivir en ellas. Este trabajo analiza tres aspectos vinculados a la ciudad desde la panorámica del libro del Deuteronomio y desde la interpretación que hace la arqueología de la vivienda conocida como “casa de cuatro habitaciones”, considerada típica de Israel durante el período del Hierro II, correspondiente aproximadamente al período veterotestamentario de la historia de Israel: el ethos supuestamente igualitario de la “casa de cuatro habitaciones”; la integración de las personas desplazadas, extranjeras o nacionales, según el libro del Deuteronomio, y el imaginario idealizado de los espacios urbanos de la Tierra Prometida reflejado en el Deuteronomio.