bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Investigation on the atomization characteristics and structure parameters of alcohol-based fuel in small stove
Authors: Hua Quan-Xian , Shi Hai-Gang , Gao Quan , Li Yi-Xuan , Bai Jing , Zheng Peng , Li Pan
Published: May 2022

In this paper, a set of small stoves was designed which is used for alcohol-based fuel combustion. The research object is the atomization process of alcohol-based fuel in the stove. By combining numerical analysis and experiment, this paper investigated the influence of spray pressure on the atomization characteristics of alcohol-based fuel in the stove under the static environment. The results showed that as the increase of spray pressure, the atomization cone angle increased firstly and then decreased slightly and when the spray pressure was 0.8 MPa, the atomization cone angle reached the maximum value of 79.5°; the SMD (Sauter mean diameter) at the same position of the combustion chamber decreased slowly and the spray height increased slowly and both of the SMD and spray height changed slightly when the spray pressure was not less than 0.8 MPa. The experiment verified the correctness of the numerical analysis method, and the coincidence degree between both was more than 92%. This paper also investigated the influence of swirl structure parameters on the atomization characteristics of fuel in the stove under air distribution condition by using numerical analysis method. The results showed that the air central recirculation zone only generated in the stove combustion chamber when the swirl angle was not less than 30°; the minimum SMD and the maximum average velocity of all central recirculation zones sections were obtained when the combustion chamber with 12 swirl plates and 45° swirl angle, and the atomization characteristics of the fuel in this structure were better. Further research showed that when the combustion chamber with 6 swirl plates and 40° swirl angle, the SMD of all the central recirculation zone sections is the smallest and the average velocity was slightly smaller than the maximum value; and after comprehensive analysis, the atomization characteristics of the fuel in the stove with this structure are the best. These above research results will provide reference value for the design and development of alcohol-based fuel special stoves.
Linear and nonlinear optical properties of 1-(2-methoxyphenyl)-3-(4-chlorophenyl) triazene
Authors: Mostaghni Fatemeh , Shafiekhani Homa , Madadi Mahani Nosrat
Published: May 2022

In this research, 1-(2-methoxyphenyl)-3-(4-chlorophenyl) triazene was studied as a compound with high nonlinear optical properties for use in optical devices. For this purpose, the compound was synthesized and its structure was identified by melting point and infrared and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Then, the bandgap energy of the title compound was determined to be 2.4 eV using the Tauc relation. Density functional theory and time-dependent methods were used for calculations of magnetic moment, natural band orbital, analysis of frontier molecular orbitals, first and second order hyperpolarizability. The results showed a dipole moment of 2.45 Debye for the molecule. The calculation of the hyperpolarizability showed the values of −109.6, 128.9 and −3694 a.u. for the first, second and third order polarizability respectively. Finally, the experimental and computational results showed that the compound has significant nonlinear optical properties and will be suitable for nonlinear optics studies and applications in optical devices.
Double-sided liquid crystal metasurfaces for electrically and mechanically controlled broadband visible anomalous refraction
Authors: Gorkunov Maxim V. , Mamonova Alena V. , Kasyanova Irina V. , Ezhov Alexander A. , Artemov Vladimir V. , Simdyankin Ivan V. , Geivandov Artur R.
Published: May 2022

Liquid crystals self-assemble on nanopatterned alignment layers into purely soft matter metasurfaces sensitive to external stimuli and imparting tailored spatial modulations to transmitted light wavefronts. Upon fine optimization, they are capable of efficient light deflection by virtue of anomalous refraction into a dominating transmission diffraction order. To expand the spectral range and acquire additional functionality, we put forward the double-sided metasurface design based on the liquid crystal alignment by a pair of complementing patterned substrates. We numerically optimize, fabricate, and experimentally characterize metasurfaces refracting red light with an efficiency of up to 70% and sustaining the efficiency above 50% in a broad range of visible wavelengths exceeding 500 nm. We verify that the refraction is reversibly switched in less than 10 ms by voltages of a few volts. We also report on a remarkable mechanical reconfigurability, as micrometer-scale relative substrate shift flips the refraction direction.
Beyond-hot-spot absorption enhancement on top of terahertz nanotrenches
Authors: Jeong Jeeyoon , Kim Dai-Sik , Park Hyeong-Ryeol
Published: May 2022

Metallic nanogaps are being widely used for sensing applications, owing to their ability to confine and enhance electromagnetic field within the hot spots. Since the enhanced field does not confine itself perfectly within the gap, however, fringe fields well away from the gap are of potential use as well in real systems. Here, we extend the concept of near field absorption enhancement by quantitatively analyzing terahertz absorption behavior of water molecules outside the hot spots of sub-20 nm-wide, ∼100 μm-long nanotrenches. Contrary to point-gaps which show negligible field enhancement at distances larger than the gap width, our extended nanogap act as a line source, incorporating significant amount of absorption enhancement at much longer distances. We observe absorption enhancement factors of up to 3600 on top of a 5 nm-wide gap, and still well over 300 at 15 nm away. The finding is well supported by theoretical analyses including modal expansion calculations, Kirchhoff integral formalism and antenna theory. Our results provide means to quantitatively analyze light-matter interactions beyond the hot spot picture and enable application of nanogaps for sensitive surface analyses of various material systems.
The crystal structure of [(1,10-phenantroline-κ2
N,N′)-bis(6-phenylpyridine-2-carboxylato-κ2
N,O)manganese(II)] monohydrate, C36H26N4O5Mn
Authors: Hua-Xiang Zhang , Xi-Shi Tai
Published: May 2022

C36H26N4O5Mn, orthorhombic, P212121 (no. 19), a = 10.7134(7) Å, b = 10.7573(10) Å, c = 26.6304(18) Å, β = 90°, V = 3069.1(4) Å3, Z = 4, R

gt
(F) = 0.0454, wR

ref
(F
2) = 0.0890, T = 220 K.
Crystal structure of 2-(2-hydroxy-5-nitrophenyl)-5-methyl-1,3-dioxane-5-carboxylic acid, C12H13N1O7
Authors: Jia Guo-Kai , Yuan Xian-You
Published: May 2022

C12H13N1O7, monoclinic, P21/c (no. 14), a = 11.416(7) Å, b = 13.860(8) Å, c = 8.215(5) Å, β = 99.607(6)°, V = 1281.6(13) Å3, Z = 4, R

gt
(F) = 0.0433, wRref
(F
2) = 0.1274, T = 293(2) K.
Communication students’ anxiety in speaking skill practice
Authors: Sholikhi Fu'ad
Published: May 2022

Students majoring in communication believe that their nervousness when speaking will affect their lives. It will either limit their employment opportunities or cause them to perform poorly at work. In the digital era, English speaking is very important to communicate with other members of an organization.  There are limited discussions about speaking anxiety in ESP class and students majoring in communication studies are expected to convey their messages persuasively in an organization. So, descriptive qualitative research was utilized by the researcher to describe speaking anxiety in ESP class; Types of Speaking Anxiety, Factors of Speaking Anxiety, Reducing Speaking Anxiety. Semi-structured interviews and observations were the sources in this study with 19 students involved. Three natural phenomena in speaking anxiety or research problems in speaking anxiety were analyzed using data reduction, data display, and conclusion. The results showed that Communication Apprehension, Fear of Negative Acceptance, and Test Anxiety existed among the students in speaking class. They can overcome it using YouTube videos as references and community supports (teacher and close-friends). This study also found that students majoring in communication studies experience trait anxiety (one person), state anxiety (ten students), and situation-specific anxiety (eight students). Based on this result, further researchers related to speaking anxiety are to revise the approach using the mixed method in ESP class. These suggestions are to enrich speaking anxiety for English Specific Purposes, such as midwife students and economic students.
3-PEP promotes bone regeneration by up regulating BCL-2 expression via ERK phosphorylation
Authors: Tripathi Alok , Awasthi Pallavi , Rawat Kundan Singh , Dwivedi Atma P , Singh Krishna Bhan , Sharma Kriti , Prakash Ravi , Singh Divya , Goel Atul
Published: May 2022

Bone healing and regeneration is a complex process that recapitulates embryonic skeletal development and is delayed in diseases like osteoporosis. Bone healing therapies like recombinant bone morphogenetic-2 protein (rhBMP-2) and parathyroid hormone (PTH), an approved bone anabolic therapy reduces fracture risks but are fraught with high cost and several side effects. Thus, there is an unmet need for cost-effective bone healing agents. In this study, we have synthesized 3-piperidinylethoxypterocarpan (3-PEP) which is a hybrid of bone supplement ipriflavone and anti-resorptive drug raloxifene and evaluated its bone regeneration and healing potential. Prior to studies in animal models, the potency of 3-PEP was confirmed in calvarial osteoblast cells. Bromodeoxy uridine cell proliferation and cell viability assay revealed that 3-PEP at 100 pM concentration increased the proliferation and survival of osteoblasts simultaneously inhibiting the apoptosis by involving activation of BCL-2 by phosphorylation at Ser70 site through MEK-ERK pathway. In vivo studies were conducted in estrogen-deficient ovariectomized Balb/c mice and drill hole injury was generated in the mid diaphysis of the femur in all the animals. Treatment with 3-PEP commenced the next day onward and terminated at 7 and 15 days. Micro-CT analysis and calcein labeling of newly generated bone at the drill hole injury site showed that 3-PEP promotes bone healing and new bone formation at a dose of 5 mg/kg at the injury site. These data were also corroborated in non-ovariectomized Balb/c mice cortical defect model. Owing to the side effects associated with rhBMP-2 and PTH, along with the expenses involved, our study proposes an alternative therapeutic option for bone healing.
Integrating SPOCs in Software Testing Education: Evidence in Emergency Remote Courses
Authors: Prates Jorge Marques , Melo Silvana Morita , Valle Pedro Henrique Dias , Garcia Rogério Eduardo , Maldonado José Carlos
Published: May 2022

Nowadays, SPOCs (Small Private Online Courses) have been used as complementary methods to support classroom teaching. SPOCs are courses that apply the usage of MOOCs (Massive Open Online Courses), combining classroom with online education, making them an exciting alternative for contexts such as emergency remote teaching. Although SPOCs have been continuously proposed in the software engineering teaching area, it is crucial to assess their practical applicability via measuring the effectiveness of this resource in the teaching-learning process. In this context, this paper aims to present an experimental evaluation to investigate the applicability of a SPOC in a Verification, Validation, and Software Testing course taught during the period of emergency remote education during the COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil. Therefore, we conducted a controlled experiment comparing alternative teaching through the application of a SPOC with teaching carried out via lectures. The comparison between the teaching methods is made by analyzing the students’ performance during the solving of practical activities and essay questions on the content covered. In addition, we used questionnaires to analyze students’ motivation during the course. Study results indicate an improvement in both motivation and performance of students participating in SPOC, which corroborates its applicability to the software testing teaching area.
Controllability of nonlinear higher-order fractional damped stochastic systems involving multiple delays
Authors: Arthi Ganesan , Suganya Kalaiselvan , Nieto Juan J.
Published: May 2022

This paper is concerned with the controllability problem for higher-order fractional damped stochastic systems with multiple delays, which involves fractional Caputo derivatives of any different orders. In the process of proof, we have proposed the controllability of considered linear system by establishing a controllability Grammian matrix and employing a control function. Sufficient conditions for the considered nonlinear system concerned to be controllable have been derived by constructing a proper control function and utilizing the Banach fixed point theorem with Burkholder–Davis–Gundy’s inequality. Finally, two examples are provided to emphasize the applicability of the derived results.
IMPROVING THE DYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS OF ELECTRIC DISCHARGE INSTALLATIONS, WHICH ARE SIGNIFICANTLY DISTANT FROM THE SPARK-EROSION LOAD
Authors:   Institute of Electrodynamics National Academy of Science of Ukraine, Pr. Peremohy, 56, Kyiv, 03057, Ukraine, Suprunovska N.I. , Shcherba M.A. ,   National Technical University of Ukraine "Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute", 37, Peremohy Ave., Kyiv, 03056, Ukraine, Roziskulov S.S. ,   Institute of Electrodynamics National Academy of Science of Ukraine, Pr. Peremohy, 56, Kyiv, 03057, Ukraine, Synytsyn V.K. ,   Institute of Electrodynamics National Academy of Science of Ukraine, Pr. Peremohy, 56, Kyiv, 03057, Ukraine
Published: May 2022

The paper identifies the features of the influence of the characteristics of different connecting conductors on the dynamic characteristics of electric discharge installations (EDIs), which are distant significantly (several meters) from the spark-erosion load. In the electric spark production of dispersed powders, such a load is the interelectrode gap (IEG) in the technological dispersion apparatus (TAD), filled with a layer of metal granules and a low-conductive (preferably dielectric) flowing liquid. The influence of the design parameters of such long connecting conductors as twisted pair, litzendraht with bifilar winding of conductors and coaxial cable on the dynamic characteristics of the indicated EDIs (including on the average rates of rise and fall of the discharge pulse current) is experimentally investigated. It is substantiated that the use of power coaxial cables with modern cross-linked polymer electrical insulation is practically the most expedient for connection of significantly distant TAD under the condition of insignificant (up to 0.5 μH) self-inductance of EDIs. References 11, figures 4, tables 3.
Payer-Related Sources of Variation in Febrile Infant Management Before and After a National Practice Standardization Initiative
Authors: DePorre Adrienne G. , Richardson Troy , McCulloh Russell , Bettenhausen Jessica L. , Markham Jessica L.
Published: May 2022

OBJECTIVES

Sources of variation within febrile infant management are incompletely described. In 2016, a national standardization quality improvement initiative, Reducing Excessive Variation in Infant Sepsis Evaluations (REVISE) was implemented. We sought to: (1) describe sociodemographic factors influencing laboratory obtainment and hospitalization among febrile infants and (2) examine the association of REVISE on any identified sources of practice variation.

METHODS

We included febrile infants ≤60 days of age evaluated between December 1, 2015 and November 30, 2018 at Pediatric Health Information System-reporting hospitals. Patient demographics and hospital characteristics, including participation in REVISE, were identified. Factors associated with variation in febrile infant management were described in relation to the timing of the REVISE initiative.

RESULTS

We identified 32 572 febrile infants in our study period. Pre-REVISE, payer-type was associated with variation in laboratory obtainment and hospitalization. Compared with those with private insurance, infants with self-pay (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 0.43, 95% confidence interval [95% CI] 0.22–0.5) or government insurance (aOR 0.67, 95% CI 0.60–0.75) had lower odds of receiving laboratories, and self-pay infants had lower odds of hospitalization (aOR 0.38, 95% CI 0.28–0.51). Post-REVISE, payer-related disparities in care remained. Disparities in care were not associated with REVISE participation, as the interaction of time and payer was not statistically different between non-REVISE and REVISE centers for either laboratory obtainment (P = .09) or hospitalization (P = .67).

CONCLUSIONS

Payer-related care inequalities exist for febrile infants. Patterns in disparities were similar over time for both non-REVISE and REVISE-participating hospitals. Further work is needed to better understand the role of standardization projects in reducing health disparities.
Reducing Pediatric Emergency Department Prescription Errors
Authors: Devarajan Veena , Nadeau Nicole L. , Creedon Jessica K. , Dribin Timothy E. , Lin Margaret , Hirsch Alexander W. , Neal Jeffrey T. , Stewart Amanda , Popovsky Erica , Levitt Danielle , Hoffmann Jennifer A. , Lee Michael , Perron Catherine , Shah Dhara , Eisenberg Matthew A. , Hudgins Joel D.
Published: May 2022

BACKGROUND

Prescription errors are a significant cause of iatrogenic harm in the health care system. Pediatric emergency department (ED) patients are particularly vulnerable to error. We sought to decrease prescription errors in an academic pediatric ED by 20% over a 24-month period by implementing identified national best practice guidelines.

METHODS

From 2017 to 2019, a multidisciplinary, fellow-driven quality improvement (QI) project was conducted using the Model for Improvement. Four key drivers were identified including simplifying the electronic order entry into prescription folders, improving knowledge of dosing by indication, increasing error feedback to prescribers, and creating awareness of common prescription pitfalls. Four interventions were subsequently implemented. Outcome measures included prescription errors per 1000 prescriptions written for all medications and top 10 error-prone antibiotics. Process measures included provider awareness and use of prescription folders; the balancing measure was provider satisfaction. Differences in outcome measures were assessed by statistical process control methodology. Process and balancing measures were analyzed using 1-way analysis of variance and χ2 testing.

RESULTS

Before our interventions, 8.6 errors per 1000 prescriptions written were identified, with 62% of errors from the top 10 most error-prone antibiotics. After interventions, error rate per 1000 prescriptions decreased from 8.6 to 4.5 overall and from 20.1 to 8.8 for top 10 error-prone antibiotics. Provider awareness of prescription folders was significantly increased.

CONCLUSION

QI efforts to implement previously defined best practices, including simplifying and standardizing computerized provider order entry (CPOE), significantly reduced prescription errors. Synergistic effect of educational and technological efforts likely contributed to the measured improvement.
Ancillary Units as a Tool of Sublocal Governance in the Polish Major Cities
Authors:   University of Wrocław (Poland), Madej Małgorzata
Published: May 2022

After the post-communist transition, decentralisation and subsidiarity have become one of Poland's major principles of political organisation. Moreover, especially the original 1990 reform and establishment of self-governing communes are regarded as a success story, not only in improving the quality of governance and public service provision but also in the civil society and citizen participation, as evidenced by the development of modern urban movements. The article explores legal possibilities for further decentralisation of municipalities, analysing the role of ancillary units in regional capitals. Ancillary units in Poland have developed differently in the countryside and urban communes. Relying on publicly available information and data provided by the respective municipal offices, the article describes the ancillary units' statutory role, competencies, and actual activities. The findings enable the assessment of the application of the sublocal decentralisation solution in Polish cities and the identification of its benefits and shortcomings.
Research Publications as a Means of Communication
Authors:   Saint Petersburg State University, Moskaleva O.
Published: May 2022

The chapter provides a brief description of the evolution of scholarly journals, research publication databases and citation indexes. Various citation theories and peculiarities of researchpublications in different subject areas, the methods of subject classifications are described anddiscussed.
THE AUSTRALIAN EDUCATION SYSTEM: A LOOK AT EDUCATIONAL INEQUALITIES
Authors: SANTOS DANIELLE DE SOUSA , ZAN DIRCE DJANIRA PACHECO E
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACT: This article presents results of research carried out in the context of a post-doctoral internship that took place in 2019, which had as main objectives: 1) to analyze the Australian teaching model, from the recent reform implemented, considering the social and political context of the country; 2) to know the working mechanisms and structures that support this system. From the evidence consolidated in different academic studies and the examination of institutional documents, the research data allowed, among other aspects, to identify important marks that serve as a reference for understanding the education system in Australia. This text, specifically, seeks to identify how the inequalities within the Australian education system are presented. Also noteworthy is the financing model that paved the way for the privatizing logic of the Australian education system. Based on the analyzed data, it is evident that differences in performance in large-scale assessments continue to be a challenge to be overcome by educational policies. In this scenario, it seems evident that current Australian educational policies, including the current curriculum reform - strongly influenced by neoliberal political ideas - are not managing to face and reduce the persistent educational inequalities that characterize the country's education system. The interest in the Australian system is justified, among other aspects, by how it has been incorporated by business organizations directly involved in the formulation and implementation of Brazilian educational policies, as a successful model to be followed.
Different nitrogen levels on vegetative growth and yield of conilon coffee (Coffea canephora)
Authors: Busato Camilo , Reis Edvaldo Fialho dos , Oliveira Marcos Góes , Garcia Giovanni de Oliveira , Busato Cristiani Campos Martins , Partelli Fábio Luiz
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACT: The determination of nitrogen in plants by techniques that allow a fast diagnosis, based on plant growth characteristics, can be a useful tool for the nutritional management of coffee plants. Thus, this study evaluated growth and yield characteristics of irrigated conilon coffee in response to different nitrogen levels, resulting in the determination of the minimum N levels required to achieve the maximum yield, here called critical levels. The experiment was carried out in Colatina, Espirito Santo, Brazil, on plantations of conilon coffee, clonal variety Emcapa 8111, genotype 02. Six nitrogen levels were applied (0, 110, 220, 440, 880 and 1320 kg N ha-1) and the response in growth and yield characteristics periodically evaluated. There was a positive effect of the increasing N levels on yield, in that the N levels that provided 95% of the maximum yield (137.4 bags ha-1 and 108.5 bags ha-1) in the 2012/2013 and 2013/2014 growing seasons, respectively, were 420.7 and 543.1 kg N ha-1. There was also a positive effect of N levels on the growth characteristics and nitrogen contents, indicating their use as tools for a rapid nutritional diagnosis, with a view to optimizing the nitrogen management in Conilon coffee.
Iohexol gastrointestinal transit times in cockatiels under sedation with intranasal midazolam by computed radiography
Authors: Moresco Bruna Naiara , Gonçalves Gentil Ferreira
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACT: This study used contrast radiography to evaluate gastrointestinal transit times in cockatiels (Nymphicus hollandicus) and investigated the sedative effects of intranasal midazolam in this species and its usefulness in facilitating the manual restraint required for radiographic studies. Twelve healthy adult cockatiels received intranasal midazolam at dose of 2 mg/kg, and iohexol at 15 ml/kg by crop gavage. Radiographic images were obtained before contrast administration, 3 minutes after and then each 10 minutes for 90 minutes. Sedation quality of the bird was evaluated during the radiographic study and assessed according to an adapted visual sedation scale. Three minutes after iohexol administration, the cervical oesophagus and the crop were filled in all birds. At the same time, the contrast medium reached the thoracic oesophagus, proventriculus, isthmus and ventriculus in most birds. In all cockatiels, median (range) transit times were 3 (3-10) minutes for proventriculus and ventriculus, 10 (10-40) minutes for small intestine and 45 (30-70) minutes for large intestine. The overall gastrointestinal transit time was 50 (30-90) minutes.Crop remained filled with iohexol throughout the study, while oesophagus and isthmus presented a pattern of contrast progression different from the other gastrointestinal segments. According to the visual sedation scale, cockatiels presented a moderate to intense muscular relaxation, and intranasal midazolam seems to be an appropriate sedation protocol for radiographic study. All cockatiels remained healthy after the study and presented clear and watery stools at least 12 hours after, due to gastrointestinal emptying.
Natural infection and molecular detection of Cytauxzoon felis in a free-ranging Puma concolor in the state of Goiás, Brazil
Authors: Paula Luiza Gabriella Ferreira de , Weck Bárbara Conte , Neves Lucianne Cardoso , Paula Warley Vieira de Freitas , Araújo Luciana Batalha de Miranda , Martins Danieli Brolo , Peres Priscilla Cassia de Oliveira , Labruna Marcelo Bahia , Krawczak Felipe da Silva
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACT: The puma (Puma concolor Linnaeus, 1771), the most widely distributed felid species in the Americas, can be found in all Brazilian biomes. Nevertheless, few studies have focused on hemoparasites in this species. Cytauxzoon felis, a hemoparasite that can infect domestic cats, has also been described in wild felids in Brazil. To the best of our knowledge, this study is the first to diagnose the natural infection and molecular detection of C. felis in a P. concolor in the state of Goiás. This animal presented non-regenerative anemia and inclusion suggestive of piroplasmids within red blood cells. The amplified 551 bp fragment of partial Piroplasmida 18S rRNA gene sequence was 100% identical to corresponding sequences of C. felis available in GenBank. No specific treatment for cytauxzoonosis was administered, and after rehabilitation, the animal was reintroduced into the wild. This finding provides some evidence that P. concolor may act as a natural host of the parasite. The epidemiology, vector and pathogenicity of this hemoparasite in wild and domestic cats in Brazil deserves further investigation.
INFLUENCE OF FEMORAL OFFSET ON FUNCTIONAL CAPACITY OF PATIENTS WITH TOTAL HIP ARTHROPLASTY
Authors: Lopes Bruna de Moraes , Spinelli Leandro de Freitas , Galia Carlos Roberto , Schwartsmann Carlos Roberto , Silva Marcelo Faria
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACT Objective: To correlate vertical (VFO) and horizontal (HFO) femoral offset with hip range of motion (ROM), peak muscle torque (PT), functional, capacity, and lower limb length in patients with total hip arthroplasty (THA). Methods: A cross-sectional case control study, in which 22 individuals (10 men and 12 women) - aged 61 (41-72), and within 23 (10-40) postoperative days - were evaluated for active hip ROM (fleximetry); Isometric PT (portable dynamometer); functional capacity (Timed up and Go test (TUG) and Harris Hip Score questionnaire); lower limb length (measuring tape); and VFO and HFO (radiographs). Results: The operated limb showed a reduction in length (p = 0.006), ROM for abduction (p = 0.001), flexion (p = 0.003), and external rotation (p = 0.003), as well as in all PT (p < 0.05) when compared with the contralateral limb. Moderate correlations were observed between VFO and external rotators (r = 0.487; p = 0.021); HFO and external rotators PT (r = −0.508; p = 0.016); and the difference between the VFO (operated and non-operated limb) and the TUG (r = −0.570; p = 0.006). Conclusion: Changes to the femoral offset seem to influence functional capacity, as well as the movement and external rotators PT of the hips in patients with THA, considering the postoperative period evaluated. Level of Evidence III, Case Control Study.
INTRAVERTEBRAL EXPANDABLE IMPLANTS IN THORACOLUMBAR VERTEBRAL COMPRESSION FRACTURES
Authors: Moura Diogo Filipe Lino , Gabriel Josué Pereira
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACT Current scientific evidence enhances the importance of the anatomic restauration of vertebral bodies with compression fractures aiming, as with other human body joints, to obtain a biomechanic and functional spine as close as the one prior to the fracture as possible. We consider that anatomic reduction of these fractures is only completely possible using intravertebral expandable implants, restoring vertebral endplate morphology, and enabling a more adequate intervertebral disc healing. This enables avoiding disc and osteodegenerative changes to that vertebral segment and its adjacent levels, as well as the anterior overload of adjacent vertebral bodies in older adults - a consequence of post-traumatic vertebral flattening - thus minimizing the risk of adjacent vertebral fractures. The ability of vertebral body fracture reduction and height maintenance over time and its percutaneous transpedicular application make the intra-vertebral expandable implants a very attractive option for treating these fractures. The authors show the direct and indirect reduction concepts of vertebral fractures, review the biomechanics, characteristics and indications of intravertebral expandable implants and present a suggestion for updating the algorithm for the surgical treatment of vertebral compression fractures which includes the use of intravertebral expandable implants. Level of Evidence V, Expert Opinion.
CLINICAL AND FUNCTIONAL ANALYSIS AFTER TOTAL KNEE ARTHROPLASTY
Authors: Araujo Helder Rocha da Silva , Heyn Renan Simoes , Torres Marcelo Rodrigues , Paranhos Junior Halley , Silva Junior Ulbiramar Correa da , Oliveira Enio Chaves
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACT Osteoarthritis is a major cause of disability worldwide. Objective: To evaluate the effects of Total Knee Arthroplasty of subjects with knee osteoarthritis by the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC ). Methods: Prospective, non-randomized study with convenience sampling. We included subjects with knee osteoarthritis with indication for surgical treatment. We used WOMAC to evaluate the level of pain, joint stiffness, physical activity, and quality of life in the preoperative and postoperative phase six months after unilateral surgery. We compared WOMAC to the factors age, gender, Body Mass Index and the type of angular deformity of the knee. Results: In total, we analyzed 58 patients with significant improvements in pain relief, joint stiffness, level of physical activity, and quality of life six months after total knee arthroplasty according to WOMAC. Conclusion: Total knee arthroplasty showed positive effects on the quality of life of patients with knee osteoarthritis. Level of Evidence II, Cohort Study.
INCREASED RISK OF SPORTS INJURIES AMONG MEDICAL STUDENTS: CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY
Authors: Asperti André Marangoni , Jovanovic Igor , Carui Nickolas Andreas Bom , Pedrinelli André , Hernandez Arnaldo José , Fernandes Tiago Lazzaretti
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the nature and rate of sports injuries in medical students, as well as the risk factors at these events. Methods: All student-athletes (218) from a Medical School, integrated in at least one of the six team sport modalities (soccer, rugby, indoor soccer, handball, basketball, and volleyball) in 2017, were included. Injuries affecting their performance, regardless of time loss, were included. Athlete-exposure (A-E) was defined as one student-athlete participating in one practice or game. Results: Injury rates were significantly higher in junior medical students (1st - 3rd year) (7.58 per 1000 A-E, 95%CI = 6.11-9.06) than in senior medical students (4th - 6th year) (4.49 per 1000 A-E, 95%CI = 3.26-5.73) (p < 0.001). Multi-sports athletes had higher injury rates (10.69 per 1000 A-E, 95%CI = 8.22-13.17) than single-sport athletes (4.49 per 1000 A-E, 95%CI = 3.51-5.47) (p = 0.002). More than 60% of reported injuries occurred in the lower limbs and the mechanism that accounted for most injuries in games was player contact (51%); whereas in practice, it was non-contact (53%). Conclusion: Junior medical students present a higher injury rate than seniors. Medical students practicing more than one modality had a higher injury rate than those involved in just one sport modality. Level of Evidence IV, Cross-Sectional Study.
Obtenção de compósitos de baixa densidade e sua caracterização a partir do processo de laminação manual Hand Lay-Up com matriz poliéster insaturada reforçada com fibra de vidro
Authors: Baggio Airton , Cruz Murilo Palma Moraes , Gonçalves Gilberto de Magalhães Bento , Sanchez Luiz Eduardo de Ângelo
Published: May 2022

RESUMO Este artigo analisa a aplicação de microesferas ocas de vidro (MEOV) em resina poliéster insaturada (RPI) como técnica para obtenção de materiais compósitos de baixa densidade, utilizando a fibra de vidro como elemento estruturante. Neste trabalho, as amostras de material compósito foram fabricadas através do processo manual com da incorporação de MEOV na resina em diferentes teores em massa, e o mesmo procedimento foi feito para elaborar amostras com carbonato de cálcio (CC) incorporado na matriz, pois o CC é amplamente utilizado na fabricação de compósitos por este processo em razão de seu baixo custo. Diferentes composições foram feitas com o intuito de analisar os efeitos da inclusão das cargas nas propriedades físicas, mecânicas e na morfologia dos compósitos. Inicialmente analisou-se a densidade e viscosidade da mistura: Resina/carga na condição pré-catálise. Na sequência, já na condição da mistura catalisada e acrescida de reforços de mantas formadas por fibra de vidro, o compósito passou pela análise da densidade, resistência à tração, à flexão, ao impacto e dureza, além da caracterização morfológica através de microscopia eletrônica de varredura (MEV), tendo como referência os valores obtidos na composição de resina sem carga. Os resultados demonstraram que a inclusão de MEOV misturado à resina, promove drástica redução na densidade e dureza, com moderada redução nos valores na resistência à flexão e ao impacto. Promoveu aumento significativo da viscosidade e ligeiro incremento da resistência à tração do compósito em relação ao valor referencial. Já o CC provocou elevação na densidade, resistência à tração, dureza e viscosidade, reduzindo a resistência à flexão e ao impacto. Conclui-se que as MEOV consistem excelente solução para aplicações de materiais compósitos que exigem redução de peso.
Impact of digital social media on the perception of loneliness and social isolation in older adults
Authors: Kusumota Luciana , Diniz Maria Angélica Andreotti , Ribeiro Renato Mendonça , Silva Iara Lesa Costa da , Figueira Ana Laura Galhardo , Rodrigues Fernanda Resende , Rodrigues Rosalina Aparecida Partezani
Published: May 2022

Abstract Objective: to synthesize knowledge about the use of social media and the perception of loneliness and/or social isolation in older adults. Method: integrative literature review with primary studies published in full, in Portuguese, English or Spanish, between September 2014 and July 2020 in the databases: American Psychological Association Database, Cumulative Index to Nursing & Allied Health Literature, Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences Literature databases, Web of Science and PubMed. Results: 11 articles were included, categorized based on the types of technologies: “the use of the Internet”, encompassing social networking sites, the internet and applications; “communication devices”, with the use of smartphones, tablets and iPads and “types of communication” covering the use of interpersonal means of communication in the digital age, such as video calls and emails. There were positive results (63.6%) regarding the use of social media to minimize the perception of loneliness and/or social isolation in the older adults. Conclusion: the scientific evidence shows that the use of digital social media can reduce the perception of loneliness and/or isolation in older adults. Furthermore, the internet can favor greater contact between the older adults and family members and can serve as a source of support, provide a greater sense of belonging in the community and reduce loneliness.
Factores que influyen en el proceso de toma de decisiones de los enfermeros en los hospitales universitarios iberoamericanos
Authors: Silva Gilberto Tadeu Reis da , Santos Ises Adriana Reis dos , Conceição Marimeire Morais da , Góis Rebecca Maria Oliveira de , Santos Alexandre Silva , Amestoy Simone Coelho , Evangelista Renata Alessandra , Cantarino Maria Sagrario Gomez , Bueno Alexandre de Assis , Queiros Paulo Joaquim Pina
Published: May 2022

Resumen Objetivo: analizar los factores que influyen en el proceso de toma de decisiones de los enfermeros en hospitales universitarios iberoamericanos. Método: estudio de caso, con enfoque cualitativo, de tipo multicéntrico, realizado con 30 enfermeros iberoamericanos. Los datos fueron recolectados mediante entrevistas semiestructuradas, analizados por categorías temáticas e interpretados según el marco teórico de la obra Diseño de Organizaciones Eficientes. Resultados: se identificó que el proceso de toma de decisiones permea el desarrollo de las competencias de los enfermeros, se ve influenciado por la formación en gestión en salud y las experiencias individuales previas. Surgieron las siguientes categorías: Preparación técnico-científica en la toma de decisiones; Jerarquización del proceso de toma de decisiones; y Ejercicio profesional autónomo. Conclusión: la ausencia/presencia de una jerarquización rígida, así como la preparación técnico-científica y la autonomía son factores que limitan o amplían el abanico de posibilidades en la toma de decisiones de los enfermeros, que se reflejan en la gestión del cuidado. Por lo tanto, hay que incentivar las discusiones sobre este tema, con el fin de promover la autonomía de los enfermeros para la toma de decisiones y favorecer la reducción de la burocracia en los procesos que impiden/dificultan el avance de estos servicios.
Endovascular treatment of a right pulmonary sequestration supplied by an aneurysmal aberrant artery originating from the abdominal aorta
Authors: Marine Leopoldo , Torrealba Jose Ignacio , Valdes Francisco , Mertens Renato , Vargas Francisco , Bergoeing Michel , Vallejos Daniel
Published: May 2022

Abstract Endovascular embolization of arteries feeding pulmonary sequestrations is a growing therapeutic option. A 51-year-old woman with chest pain and hemoptysis was admitted. During hospitalization she presented 150 mL hemoptysis, hypotension, and hematocrit fell to 23.3%. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography confirmed a pulmonary sequestration irrigated by an aneurysmal artery from the abdominal aorta. The patient underwent endovascular coil embolization of the artery feeding the aneurysm and an Amplatzer device was deployed in the proximal third of the sequestration artery. Subsequent contrast-enhanced computed tomography confirmed complete thrombosis of the aberrant artery feeding the aneurysm and absence of irrigation of the pulmonary sequestration. At 56 months follow-up the patient remains asymptomatic, tomography showed involution of the sequestration and complete thrombosis of the aberrant artery. The challenges presented by the different treatment alternatives are discussed.
Lipedema prevalence and risk factors in Brazil
Authors: Amato Alexandre Campos Moraes , Amato Fernando Campos Moraes , Amato Juliana Lelis Spirandeli , Benitti Daniel Augusto
Published: May 2022

Abstract Background Lipedema is characterized as an abnormal deposition of fat in the buttocks and legs bilaterally that may be accompanied by swelling, pain, and tenderness. It is still often confused with more frequent conditions such as obesity and lymphedema. The estimated prevalence in Europe varies between 0.06% and 39%. Objectives To evaluate the prevalence of lipedema and identify health factors related to it in the Brazilian population. Methods Administration of a previously validated online screening questionnaire to a representative sample of the general population. The questionnaire was distributed and administered to anonymous volunteers representing the general Brazilian population using software designed for population analyses. Results 253 women answered the questionnaire, 12.3 ± 4% (Confidence Interval [CI] 95%) of whom presented symptoms compatible with a high probability of being diagnosed with lipedema. Furthermore, anxiety, depression, hypertension, and anemia were also correlated with a high probability of the diagnosis. Conclusions The estimated prevalence of lipedema in the population of Brazilian women is 12.3%.
Impacto da COVID-19 no perfil cirúrgico dos pacientes de cirurgia vascular em serviço de referência em Curitiba
Authors: Guarinello Giovanna Golin , D’Amico Raissa Campos , Miranda Ariadne Natalia Mileo , Novack Jaqueline , Coral Francisco Eduardo
Published: May 2022

Resumo Contexto Na pandemia de covid-19, os serviços de saúde diminuíram os atendimentos e procedimentos eletivos. Pacientes de cirurgia vascular são grupo de risco para adquirir formas graves da infecção, ao mesmo tempo que são suscetíveis a apresentar complicações de suas doenças de base caso não tenham acompanhamento rotineiro. Dessa forma, faz-se necessário entender os impactos e as consequências diretas e indiretas da pandemia com relação aos pacientes vasculares. Objetivos Avaliar o impacto de 1 ano de pandemia em um serviço de Cirurgia Vascular, assim como a mudança do perfil de cirurgias no mesmo período. Métodos Foi feita a análise de prontuários de pacientes submetidos a cirurgias eletivas e de urgência entre 2019 e 2021. Em conjunto, foi realizada uma revisão de literatura com as palavras-chave “cirurgia vascular”, “covid-19” e “amputações”. Os dados foram analisados com o programa computacional Stata/SE v.14.1 (StataCorpLP, EUA). Resultados Foram identificadas 1.043 cirurgias no período de estudo, sendo 51,6% pré-pandemia e 48,4% durante a pandemia. Observou-se redução no número de cirurgias eletivas e aumento no número de amputações de membros inferiores e desbridamentos cirúrgicos. Foi possível observar também aumento de pacientes com doença arterial obstrutiva periférica com classificação de Rutherford avançada, assim como de casos de pé diabético. Conclusões A diminuição dos atendimentos eletivos e o receio dos pacientes em procurar os serviços de saúde durante o período da pandemia são os prováveis motivos que justificam o aumento da gravidade dos quadros dos pacientes, com maior necessidade de amputação de membros inferiores, desbridamento cirúrgico e mudanças no perfil de cirurgia do serviço.
Nest support plants and breeding season of two ibis (Theristicus) species in the Pantanal wetland, Brazil
Authors: Tubelis Dárius P. , Salis Suzana M.
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACT Six species of the Family Threskiornithidae are found in the Pantanal. Despite being abundant and conspicuous birds, information on aspects of their breeding biology in this wetland remains scarce. The aim of this study was to examine breeding aspects (nest support plants and breeding season) of the two species of the genus Theristicus Wagler, 1832 that are found in the Brazilian wetland. Field work occurred in 2008, and a search for records (photographs) with evidences of breeding activities was done in the WikiAves and eBird databases in March 2020. A total of 49 records were obtained between 2007 and 2019 in four municipalities, mostly in Poconé. Records (n = 37) involving breeding Plumbeous Ibis, Theristicus caerulescens (Vieillot,1817), were obtained between March and November, and incubation has been documented mainly between May and September. Records (n = 12) of the Buff-necked Ibis, Theristicus caudatus (Boddaert, 1783), occurred between April and December, and nests with an incubating adult or nestlings were mainly found between September and December. Breeding activities of T. caudatus were delayed in relation to those of T. caerulescens. Nests of both species were platforms built with large amounts of branches. Most nests of T. caudatus were built in palms, while nests of T. caerulescens were found mainly in non-palm trees. Both species nested in tree species that are commonly found in areas where they forage.
Effects of small-scale anthropogenic alterations in Euglossini bees at eastern Amazon forest
Authors: Enríquez-Espinosa Ana C. E. , Ramos Daniele G. , Siqueira Alexandre S. , Dunck Bárbara , Ligeiro Raphael
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACT In this study, through a rapid assessment, we evaluated differences in richness, abundance, species composition and beta diversity of Euglossini bees in preserved areas and areas altered by riverine human populations in the Caxiuanã National Forest (northern Amazon). Our hypotheses were: i) the species richness, diversity, abundance and composition of Euglossini bees differ between the preserved and altered areas because many species are intolerant to small anthropic disturbances; and ii) areas altered by riverine populations have higher values of beta diversity (species dissimilarity between sites) than preserved areas, due to local changes in habitat and increased heterogeneity between sites. We sampled two areas (preserved and altered) and, in each area, four transects were sampled with odorous baits. We used a Student’s t test to evaluate differences in richness, abundance, and Shannon-Wiener diversity index. We also evaluated differences in composition and differences in beta diversity between areas. We collected 102 specimens, identified in 18 species and three genera, 63 individuals (61.8% of the total) in preserved areas and 39 individuals (38.2%) in altered areas. Euglossa liopoda (Dressler, 1982) was the most abundant in altered areas and Euglossa imperialis (Cockerell, 1922) the most abundant in preserved areas. Species richness was 2.5 times greater in the transects of preserved areas, and species composition also differed between the sampled areas. In contrast, species abundance did not differ between transects of both areas. Despite our small sample size, this study demonstrated that the richness, composition and beta diversity of Euglossini bees can be potentially affected by local changes in habitat caused by small-scale activities provided by traditional Amazonian groups. Our results indicate the urgency for more comprehensive studies aimed to investigate these relationships.