bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Physical quality and imago population of corn infected with Sitophilus zeamais with the addition of cinnamon (Cinnamomum burmannii)
Authors: Alawiyah T , Mujnisa A , Jamilah J
Published: June 2021

This study aimed to determine the ability of cinnamon (Cinnamomum burmannii) on corn infected by Sitophilus zeamais. The study was carried out by infecting corn with Sitophilus zeamais on each test and then adding cinnamon with different levels on each test then stored for 30 days. This study consist of 5 treatments and 4 replications i.e., P0: corn without Sitophilus zeamais (positive control), P1: corn infected by Sitophilus zeamais (negative control), P2 (corn infected by Sitophilus zeamais + 2% cinnamon flour), P3 (corn infected by Sitophilus zeamais + 4% cinnamon flour) and P4 (corn infected by Sitophilus zeamais + 6% cinnamon flour). The highest value of imago population was obtained at P1 (137.75) and the lowest was at P2 (84.00), the highest number of damaged seeds was P1 (8.61) and the lowest was P4 (5.08) and at seed weight loss value the highest is P1 (1.54%) and the lowest is P4 (0.15%). It concluded that the administration of cinnamon at the level of 2% in corn infected with Sitophilus zeamais with storage for 30 days affects the growth of the imago population and loss of seed weight in corn during storage.
Implementation of integrated farming system of Azolla plants, duck and fish in livestock groups in Baruga village, Bantimurung district Maros regency
Authors: Mustabi J , Asmawati  , Amrawaty A A , Purwanti S
Published: June 2021

An integrated farming system is an effort to utilize all potential energy so that it can be harvested in a balanced manner. The problems of partners in the field of livestock, fisheries and agriculture are that they have not utilized the yard and family labor and there is no touch of technology in improving animal feed, therefore the solution taken in partner villages is to utilize large yards by raising ducks, cultivating Azolla and breeding fish. PT Semen Bosowa in collaboration with Universitas Hasanuddin carried out community service activities in Baruga village in Bantimurung district, Maros regency, South Sulawesi province. The application of the animal husbandry sector in a sustainable agricultural system was the procurement of duck seeds, production of duck eggs and salted eggs. Integration of crops, livestock and fish using Azolla plants as an alternative feed for ducks, fish and fertilizer. The research concluded that the application of integrated farming systems between plants and livestock increased the income of farmers-breeders, reduced the risk of crop failure due to dependence on one commodity and can be in harmony with nature, easy to be implemented because it used local resources and most importantly was acceptable to the community.
Isolation and selection of proteolytic lactic acid bacteria from colostrum of dairy cattle
Authors: Ramadhan A R , Bachruddin Z , Widodo  , Erwanto Y , Hanim C
Published: June 2021

Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB) are bacteria that produce lactic acid and are very useful bacteria, one of which can act as a probiotic because it can produce bacteriocins and produce peptide compounds with high biological activity. Colostrum is the first fluid that comes out of the udder of the mother cattle after giving birth which is very good for newborns because it contains antibodies. This research aimed to isolate, selection and identify the types of LAB found in dairy cow colostrum, especially LAB which have superior proteolytic activity. LAB obtained is expected to have a positive effect on livestock productivity. This research was conducted In-vitro in a laboratory. The research procedure included the isolation of LAB from the colostrum of dairy cows, then the selection procedure by looking at the best protease enzyme activity qualitatively and quantitatively, and testing for resistance to low pH. Lactic acid isolation, selection, and identification were analyzed using descriptive analysis and quantitative analysis using one-way ANOVA for a completely randomized design. The results obtained 6 superior proteolytic LAB isolates based on the protease enzyme activity coded LAB pro 4, LAB pro 3, LAB pro 8, LAB pro 9, LAB pro 21, and LAB pro 20.
The effect of soybean meal substitution with Indigofera zollingeriana leaves and turmeric as phytobiotics in digestibility of crude protein and crude fiber of native chickens
Authors: Kamaruddin R N , Lahay N , Nadir M , Syamsu J A , Purwanti S
Published: June 2021

Consumer demand for native chicken meat is increasing every year. The availability of protein feed ingredients for poultry is still a major problem, especially for soybean meal which is currently still filled with imports, so that the price of soybean meal is expensive which indirectly increases production costs. One of the feed ingredients that have the potential as a source of protein feed ingredients is the shoot leaves of Indigofera sp, namely Indigofera zollingeriana. This plant is very good as a source of forage for poultry. Apart from paying attention to the nutritional content of the feed given, one of the factors that must be considered is the use of herbal ingredients such as turmeric (Curcuma domestica Val.). The active substance content possessed by turmeric is curcumin and essential oils which function as colagoga (can increase bile secretion) to increase appetite which in turn will increase life weight. The design used in this study was a completely randomized design (CRD) with 4 treatments and 4 replications. The research treatment arrangement was as follows R0: Control feed (without the addition of indigofera leaf shoots and turmeric), R1: 10% ILS substituted soybean meal (protein = 2.82%) + 2.5% phytobiotic turmeric, R2: 15% ILS substitute soybean meal (protein = 4.23%) + 2.5% phytobiotics of turmeric, R3: 20% ILS substitutes soybean meal (protein = 5.64%) + 2.5% phytobiotics of turmeric. The parameters observed were digestibility of crude protein and digestibility of crude fiber. The results showed that the substitution of soybean meal protein with indigofera zollingeriana shoot flour at different levels and the addition of turmeric had no significant effect on crude protein digestibility and crude fiber digestibility (P> 0.05). The average value of protein digestibility was 45.75% -63.25% and the fiber digestibility was 31.37% -51.08%. This study concluded that 10% Indigofera zollineriana shoot flour substituted soybean meal and 2.5% turmeric phytobiotics provided the effective digestibility of crude protein and crude fiber in native chickens.
The effect of soybean meal substitution with Indigofera zollingeriana and addition of turmeric as phythobiotic on performance of native chicken
Authors: Supriadi  , Lahay N , Nadir M , Syamsu J A , Purwanti S
Published: June 2021

The feed well is that protein content is high enough to meet the needs and improve endurance of chickens. This research aims to determine the effect of giving Indigofera zollingeriana with a combination of turmeric flour at different treatment levels in substituting soybean meal usage on performance, protein and fiber consumption of chicken grower phase. This research was conducted from July to September 2020 at the Poultry Production Laboratory, Faculty of Animal Science, Hasanuddin University, Makassar. Using 80 grower phase native chickens. The research design used was a completely randomized design (CRD) with 4 treatments and 5 replications R0 (control feed), R1 (basal feed + 10% flour Indigofera zollingeriana + 2.5% turmeric flour), R2 (basal feed + 15% flour Indigofera zollingeriana + 2.5% turmeric flour), R3 (basal feed + 20% flour Indigofera zollingeriana + 2.5% turmeric flour). Data using analysis analysis of variant (ANOVA) with Response Test. The results of this research showed a significant effect (P < 0.05) on feed consumption, body weight gain, crude fiber consumption and crude protein consumption and showed not significant differences (P > 0.05) in feed conversion ratio. The mean of feed consumption was 297.89-421.13 g/day. The mean of body weight gain was 88.43-187.18 g/ bird. The mean of feed conversion is 2.65-4.46. The mean of consumption of crude protein was 15.26-23.70 g/bird/day. The mean of consumption of crude fiber is 2.30-4.21 g/bird/day. This research concluded that the R1 treatment (basal feed + 10% flour Indigofera zollingeriana + 2.5% turmeric flour) was the most efficient in optimizing performance, consumption of crude protein and crude fiber in the treated feed.
Study on contour feathers growth of White-rumped Shama during fledgling phase
Authors: Putranto H D , Brata B , Yumiati Y
Published: June 2021

White-rumped Shama (Copsychus malabaricus) has become a favorite pet among Indonesian bird keepers lately. A champion bird with beautiful chirps and colours would be valued high. There are very limited scientific information on its species, and this study results will enrich the biological data. The purpose of this study was to trace and record white-rumped shama contour feathers growth including feather types and changes of size during fledgling phase. There were 8 mixed sex chicks (a crossbreed of Medan x North Bengkulu) aged 30 days with similar body weight and size used in this study. Daily individual observation on parameters were conducted from day-1 of nurturing until chick’s individual first moulting day. Observation results showed that contour feathers on white-rumped shama chicks body which easily to observed were retrices and remiges. Then, based on anatomical feather during pledgling phase on chick’s part of forehead, nape, chest, back, wing and tail we recorded 3 types of feathers which were filoplumae, plumulae and plumae. Average of retrices length and width in tail were 69.62 mm and 11.10 mm per chick, and average of remiges primarie length and width in wing were 63.32 mm and 9.74 mm per chick, respectively. Researchers found that as similar as to other species of aves, the size of White-rumped Shama retrices is longer and wider than remiges.
The quality of Isa-Brown chicken eggs given isoflavone from soy sauce pulp in feed
Authors: Pancapalaga W , Malik A , Wijaya R
Published: June 2021

This study aims to examine the effect of giving isoflavones from soy sauce pulp on feed to the Haugh Unit value, yolk index, yolk color, and yolk cholesterol level. 100 laying of Isa-Brown hens aged 32 weeks were included in this study. The experimental design used was Complete Random Design involving 4 levels treatments repeated 5 times namely T0 (control feed without giving isoflavones from soy sauce), T1 (feed with 4% isoflavones from soy sauce), T2 (feed with 8% isoflavones from soy sauce), and T3 (feed with 12% isoflavones from soy sauce). The treatments were given for 10 weeks. Then, the quality of eggs was observed from their Haugh Unit (HU) value, egg yolk index, egg yolk color, and egg yolk cholesterol level. The obtained data were analyzed using variance analysis. The results indicate that the administration of isoflavones from soy sauce in the feed had no significant effect (P>0.05) on HU value, egg yolk index, and egg yolk color. However, it had a significant effect (P<0.05) on the egg yolk cholesterol level. Thus, the administration of isoflavones from fermented soybean as much as 80mg/100g (equivalent to the addition of 12%) in laying hens feed can maintain the HU value, yolk index, and yolk color as well as reduce egg yolk cholesterol level.
The physicochemical characteristics of mayonnaise using a different combination of poultry eggs and acids
Authors: Anisa A , Nahariah N , Said M I , Hikmah H
Published: June 2021

Eggs are a high protein, easy to digest and highly nutritious food. Various types of processing have been done to increase the diversification and consumers’ preferences on eggs. One type of processing eggs is mayonnaise. Mayonnaise is an emulsion product that uses a mixture of ingredients including egg yolk, salts, sugars, oils and acids. The combination of poultry eggs and acids on the physicochemical characteristics of mayonnaise has not been widely studied. The research objective was to determine the effect of the combination of poultry eggs and acids on the physicochemical characteristics of mayonnaise. This studies used a completely randomized design (CRD), with 9 combinations and 3 replications. The treatment combinations were A1; duck eggs and lime, A2: duck eggs and apple vinegar, A3: duck eggs and synthetic acid, A4: native chicken eggs and lime, A5: native chicken eggs and apple vinegar, A6: native chicken eggs and synthetic acid, A7: chicken eggs and lime, A8: chicken eggs and apple vinegar, A9: chicken eggs and synthetic acid. The parameters observed were yield, pH value, water content and rancid odor. The results showed that the using different types of poultry eggs and acid had a significant effect (P≤0.05) on the yield and pH value of the mayonnaise. However, the combination of the two did not show a significant effect on moisture content and the rancid odor of mayonnaise. The combination of duck eggs and apple vinegar improved the physicochemical characteristics of mayonnaise.
Business prospects of pasteurized milk diversification in the new normal era post Covid-19 through PPUPIK
Authors: Malaka R , Haerani S , Baco S , Prahesti K I , Tenrisanna V
Published: June 2021

The development of dairy products such as pasteurized milk and its diversification is very much needed to fulfil the consumption of animal protein as an intake in increasing the fulfilment of community nutrition. A collaboration of livestock products, especially dairy products and the edu-tourism method, is a method of education through tourism, which is an interactive teaching method of utilizing the environment, location, objects, and animal food products that can be directly enjoyed by learners. Faculty of Animal Science Hasanuddin University has locations and objects that allow students or communities to learn about the world of animal science and its products. A survey of the business prospects for dairy product diversification in the face of the new normal post-Covid-19 and associated with educational edu-agrotourism was studied to provide an overview of the Campus Intellectual Product Unit Development Program (PPUPIK) as a form of campus empowerment for community education. The survey results indicate that dairy products and their diversification to be developed as a source of animal protein, which can be used as food to prepare during visits to animal farm edu-tourism objects, especially in the new normal post-Covid-19.
Evaluation of physico-chemical properties and antioxidant activity of bali beef meatballs added Cemba (Albizia lebbeckoides [DC.] Benth)
Authors: Hajrawati H , Malaka R , Prahesti K I , Arifin T S M , Rani Y A A
Published: June 2021

Cemba (Albizia lebbeckoides [DC.] Benth leaf powder contains phytochemical components namely: phenolics, flavonoids, tannins, alkaloids, glycosides, and saponins that potent to be an antioxidant agent. This study investigated the effect of different levels of cemba leaf powder (CLP) on physicochemical and antioxidant activity of Bali beef meatball. Five formulas employed in the study: Control, which without any addition of CLP or BHT; BHT 0.01%; CLP 0.5%; CLP 1%, and CLP 1.5%. All ingredients for each formula were mixed to be the dough and boiled at 80°C for 20 min. The result indicated that the addition of CLP did not change the nutritional properties except for crude fiber. The addition of 1.5% CLP significantly increased the crude fibre. The study also showed that there were no significance different among treatments for cooking loss, WHC, pH value, lightness (L*), and redness (a*) of meatballs. However, the addition 1 and 1.5% CLP increased the greenness (b*) and antioxidant activity of meatballs. In summary, the addition of 1.5% CLP could improve the antioxidant activity and fibre content of the meatballs which is considered as healthy
The effects of wheat, tapioca, corn, and red rice flour on TBA value and color sensory quality and the aroma of dangke nuggets
Authors: Baharuddin F , Hatta W , Said M I
Published: June 2021

Dangke nuggets are innovative products of processed dangke, a type of fresh cheese from the Province of South Sulawesi, Indonesia. The anthocyanin content in red rice provides added value to its use as a filler nugget, but it reduces the quality of the color and aroma of the products. One solution is to combine red rice with other filler ingredients that have been commonly used in nugget formulations. This study aimed to examine the effects of the types and levels of flour combined with red rice flour on the TBA value and the organoleptic quality of the color and aroma of dangke nuggets. The types of flour that were combined with red rice flour included wheat flour, tapioca, and corn at the levels of 10%, 20%, and 30% respectively to substitute red rice flour. At the 30% level, the nugget formulation used only the flour tested without combination with red rice flour. The results showed that nuggets with corn flour had the highest TBA value, yellow color brightness, and milk aroma, in contrast to nuggets made from wheat flour. The increase in the level of substitution of red rice flour with other flour tended to cause the TBA value to decrease and the aroma of dangke nugget milk to become stronger, while the brightness of the yellow color was not affected. Tapioca flour and corn flour either alone or in combination with red rice flour can be used as a filler for dangke nuggets.
Quality test weight and pH of duck eggs using level treatment of melinjo leaves extract (Gnetum Gnemon Linn) and storage time
Authors: Mukhlisah A N , Maruddin F , Faridah R , Hafid A , Irfan M
Published: June 2021

Eggs are a rich source of animal protein, such as vitamins A, B, E, D, niacin and riboflavin, carbohydrates, calcium, phosphorus, fat and calories. Apart from having high nutrients, low prices and easy processing, eggs are a livestock product that is easily damaged. Efforts to overcome the damage, it is necessary to carry out preservation. Preservation of eggs can be done by soaking, dry and wet methods, covering the skin with preservatives and storing in a cold room. Soaking fresh eggs is done by soaking various solutions such as lime water, brine solution and filtrate or vegetable tannins containing tannins. The results of the proximate analysis of melinjo leaves contain a tannin concentration of 4.55% which is expected to be one of the vegetable tannins. This study used 176 duck eggs using a completely randomized design (CRD) with 4 x 4 factorial pattern each with 3 replications, consisting of 2 factors. The first factor was the level of melinjo extract (0%, 30%, 40% and 50%) and the second factor was the length of storage (1 day, 14 days, 21 days and 28 days). The results showed s emakin long storage time, the value depreciation egg weight and pH increased. The use of melinjo leaf extract can be used as a preservative starting from the level of 30%.
The combination effect of superovulation induction and dietary protein level in sow towards birth weight, mortality, and litter size of weaning piglets
Authors: Lapian M T R , Rahasia C A , Pendong A F
Published: June 2021

This study was aimed to evaluate the birth weight, mortality, and litter size of weaning piglets in sow given superovulation hormones and level of protein diet before mate. Eighteen gilts, weighing 100–107 kg were used in this research. Both PMSG and hCG hormones were used as the superovulation agent and prostaglandin PGF2α as estrous synchronization. The statistical design used in this experiment was completely randomized with a 2×3 factorial pattern, where the combination of each factor was repeated three times. The superovulation hormone as the first factor, consisted of two levels of treatment, i.e., without hormone injection (NSO) and with hormone injection (SO), and dietary protein as the second factor, consisting of three levels of treatment, i.e., 14%, 16%, and 18%. The variables measured include: birth weight, mortality, and weaned litter size of piglets. The results showed that the administration of superovulation induction combined with dietary protein level affected significantly on birth weight, mortality, and litter size of weaning piglets better than non-superovulation induction treatments. The research concluded that the administration of both superovulation induction and dietary protein level in sows before their mating were able to increase birth weight, suppress mortality, and increase of weaning litter size of the piglets.
Estrous responses synchronized by a combination of PGF2a and GnRH hormones in Sapera goat
Authors: Hafid A A , Anggraeni A , Pamungkas F A , Sianturi R G , Kusumaningrum D A , Ishak A B L , Mukhlisah A N
Published: June 2021

Estrous synchronization can uniformity of mating and kidding to a population of dairy goat females. The objective of this study was to evaluate response, duration and onset of estrous of Sapera does synchronized by PGF2α and PGF2α combined with GnRH hormones. Study used 16 Sapera does at the ages of one year old after reaching sexual maturity at average body weights of 26.52±2.51 kg (22.4—32.5 kg). Synchronization treatments were conducted for two different injections. Group one was injected two times of PGF2α within 11 day interval. While group two was injected by GnRH on the 9th day after the 1st injection PGF2 α and before the 2nd injection of this hormone within 11 day interval. Estrous observation was evaluated every three hours for four days after the 2nd PGF2α injection. Estrous characteristics were based on behaviour and vulva condition of animals. The result revealed that the two groups of PGF2α vs PGF2 α + GnRH hormones gave significantly differences (P<0.05) to the responses of estrous (62.50 vs 100%), duration of estrous (18.75 hrs vs 33.75 hrs ) and onset of estrous (25.13 hrs vs 3.00 hrs). The conclusion was that PGF2α + GnRH combination presented more effective synchronization results as indicated by better response, duration and onset of estrous in Sapera goat.
Sperms motility of Ongole Crossbreed (OC) Bull at various age
Authors: Ratnawati D , Luthfi M , Firdaus F , Affandhy L
Published: June 2021

The purpose of this study was to identify the effect of different ages on characteristics of sperms motility of Ongole Crossbreed (OC) bulls. The material used was 12 PO bulls aged 4–6 years old, distinguished into 2 age groups, namely 4-5 years old (6 heads) and 5–6 years old (6 heads). Collecting semen was done by using an electro ejaculator. Examination of motility (kinetic parameters) used SCA v. 2.1. The parameters measured include: progressive motility, motility, velocity curve linear (VCL), velocity straight linear (VSL), velocity average pathway (VAP), linearity (LIN), straightness (STR), wobble (WOB), amplitude lateral head (ALH), beat cross frequency (BCF) and hyperactivity (H) of sperms. Data were analyzed using a T-test (IBM SPSS 16). The results showed that the value of BCF in the 5–6 years old group was significantly higher (P<0.05) than the 4–5 years old group. The age of the bull affected the sperm’s kinetic parameters (BCF). The 5–6 years old group has a more regular pattern of sperms movement than the 4–5 years old group.
Effect of parity on the reproductive performance of Bali cattle at different maintenance systems in Field Station of Sekolah Peternakan Rakyat
Authors: Sari D A P , Muladno  , Said S , Nahrowi  , Priyanto R
Published: June 2021

Parity is one of the important factors affecting reproductive efficiency in raising beef cattle. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of parity on the reproductive performance of Bali cattle at different maintenance systems as a basis for building breeding cattle businesses in Field Station of Sekolah Peternakan Rakyat (SLSPR). Four hundred and seven records of reproductive performance of Bali cattle were obtained from twelve villages in Sungai Lilin District. Survey and observation were done on September, 2019. Data were analyzed using statistical and descriptive methods. The data were obtained from determined parameters including: calving interval (CI), days open (DO), and service per conception (S/C) of Bali cattle that are kept in intensive, semi intensive and extensive systems. The results showed that parity significantly affected the calving interval (CI), days open (DO) and service per conception (S/C) of Bali cattle that were kept in a semi intensive system. The calving interval (CI) was significantly higher in the second parity (15.46±3.42 months) compared with that of the first and third parity (15.23±3.46 and 13.69±2.15 month, respectively). Days open (DO) also showed significantly higher in the second parity (178.0±102.7 days) than the first and third parity (170.9±104.0 and 124.9±64.70 days, respectively). Furthermore, service per conception (S/C) was significantly higher in the second parity (8.52±5.59) compared to the first and third parity (8.30±5.19 and 5.56 ±3.88, respectively). Results obtained can be used as a basis for improving maintenance management to start establishing a collective breeding cattle industry in Field Station of Sekolah Peternakan Rakyat (SLSPR), Sungai Lilin District.
Potential semen quality rate of Ongole Crossbred Bulls at Cattle Breeding Station (UPT PT & HMT) Tuban - Indonesia
Authors: Nugraha C D , Widodo N , Kuswati  , Suyadi S
Published: June 2021

The variation in semen quality serves to determine the fertility potential of Ongole Crossbred (PO) bulls. Semen quality has a correlation to fertility. Individual motility is one of most important factors determining the success of artificial insemination program. The aims of this research were to mapping the bulls who have high and low fertility potential. This variation is used to determine the composition of molecular marker genes for reproductive traits through the RNA-Sequencing method. 12 PO bulls aged 2–8 years were used in this research. The research parameters were volume, concentration, individual motility, viability, abnormality and sexual behaviour. Sexual behaviour data were analyzed using descriptive methods. Semen quality data were analyzed using an unpaired T-test. The results showed that the bulls code with the highest to lowest motility values were PO-5, PO-2, PO-3, PO-6, PO-4, PO-7, PO-9, PO-8, PO-1, PO-10, PO-11, PO-12, respectively. 4 bulls with the highest motility values and the 4 bulls with the lowest motility values had significant differences (P<0.05). Therefore, it can be concluded that the two populations of PO bulls with the highest and lowest motility value are different. It can be continued with the RNA-Sequencing method to find the gene composition of the spermatozoa.
Effectiveness of estrous synchronization using prostaglandin (PGF2α) in Bali cows
Authors: Mukkun R R L , Yusuf M , Toleng A L , Sonjaya H , Hasrin
Published: June 2021

The objective of this study was to know the effect of estrous synchronization using prostaglandin (PGF2α) hormone injection in producing the percentage of estrus in Bali cows. Palpation of rectal examination on 70 Bali cows was carried out using plastic gloves to select the cows. The results were 44 Bali cows in pregnant condition, follicular phase, and anestrus. There were 26 Bali cows in the luteal phase, used in this study. All Bali cows in the luteal phase were injected with prostaglandin hormone intramuscularly followed by estrus detection from one day after injection. The parameters measured were the number of Bali cows that become estrus and pregnant, and signs of estrus that expressed. The results of this study showed that the injection of prostaglandin (PGF2α) effectively produced a high response of estrous of Bali cows and the pregnancy rate was accounting for 77%. As conclusions, synchronization of estrus in Bali cows using prostaglandin (PGF2α) is effective in producing a 100% estrus response, the luteal phase in cows was a major success for synchronizing estrus and pregnancy rate was relatively high at first AI.
Sperms motility, viability, and abnormality of the frozen semen at different bull breeds
Authors: Surahman  , Yusuf M , Garantjang S , Toleng A L , Diansyah A M , Raafi M , Sahiruddin
Published: June 2021

The quality of semen is one of the most important things in the reproductive process. The aim of this study was to determine differences in the quality of frozen semen at various breeds of bull. This study was conducted for two months from May to June 2020, at the Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Faculty of Animal Science, Hasanuddin University. The materials used in the study were frozen semen of bull at different breeds; Angus (AG), Brahman (BM), Fries Holland (FH), Simmental (SM), Limousine (LM), and Bali (BL), that were provided from the Livestock and Animal Health Services of South Sulawesi Province. Supporting materials were warm water at 40°C, alcohol 70%, liquid nitrogen. A completely randomized design one-way ANOVA using six treatments and three replications was used in the present study. The treatments in this study were a different breed of bulls. The results of this study showed that sperms’ motility at different breeds of the bull differed significantly (P<0.05). Sperms motility of AG and BM had significantly (P<0.05) higher than sperms motility of FH and BL (58.8% and 56.8% vs. 41.1% and 44.0%), and had a tendency higher than in SM and LM (59.7% and 49.2%). The viability of the sperms among breeds had relatively similar each other, ranging from 46.9% to 60.8%, however, BL viability had significantly (P<0.05) lower than the other breeds. Likewise, sperms abnormality was relatively similar among breeds, however, the highest abnormality was found in BL. It can be concluded that there were differences in motility, progressive motility, viability, and abnormality of frozen semen among the different bulls breed; in which Simmental had better quality than the other breed.
Comparison of chicken-egg yolk and duck-egg yolk in tris-citric acid as extender to maintain the quality of post-thawing Bali bull semen
Authors: Khatimah K , Yusuf M , Utami R F , Toleng A L , Masturi  , Sahiruddin  , Masir U
Published: June 2021

The objective of this study was to compare chicken egg yolk and duck egg yolk in tris-citric acid extender on the quality of post-thawing Bali bull semen. This study was using Bali bull for collecting the semen. The semen was collected five times using an artificial vagina. Collected semen was then divided into two groups at each collection. The group 1 (P1), the semen was extended using chicken egg yolk in tris-citric acid and group 2 (P2) was extended using duck egg yolk in tris-citric acid. The parameters measured in this study were sperm motility, viability, and abnormality. The data obtained were tested by using the paired-T test with five replications. The results of this study showed that there was no significant difference (P >0.05) between the two treated groups for motility and abnormality, but the viability differed significantly (P<0.05) among the two groups after thawing. The mean percentage of sperms motility and abnormality after thawing in P1 and P2 extenders did not differ significantly (60.0 vs. 57.0% and 12.0 vs. 13.0%). However, the viability of the sperms had significantly (P<0.05) higher in P1 than in P2 (74.0% vs. 70.0%). In conclusion, the use of chicken egg yolk and duck egg yolk in tris-citric acid extender could maintain the quality of Bali bull sperms.
Effect of harvesting age of chicory (Cichorium intybus) on the pattern of planting intercropping dwarf elephant grass in the second regrowth on production and quality
Authors: Zaini N , Tilova A M , Umami N , Hanim C , Astuti A , Suwignyo B
Published: June 2021

The research was conducted to evaluate the effects of harvesting age in the second regrowth of chicory (Cichorium intybus) in intercropping pattern with dwarf elephant grass (Pennisetum purpureum cv. Mott) on productivity and quality. Chicory seeds were spread on the interspatial land between the dwarf elephant grass on a 2.5×2.5 m2 plot, with 1×1 m2 of the distance between each dwarf elephant grass. Plants were harvested on the day- 30, 45 and 60 by defoliation 10 cm above the soil surface. Each treatment had 3 replications, totaling 9 plots. The variable measured in the study were production (dry and organic matter) and nutrient contents (dry matter, organic matter, extract ether, and crude fiber). Data were analyzed using a one-way analysis of variance. Significant data were evaluated on Duncan’s New Multiple Range Test (DMRT). The results of the study showed that plants that were cut later had the highest production and nutrient contents (P<0.05). Groups harvested at later cutting ages had higher dry matter production (chicory and dwarf elephant grass). However, chicory and dwarf elephant grass on older harvesting also had higher crude fiber (13.07% and 26.87%). Crops harvested at 60 days in the second regrowth demonstrated the most improved yield.
Motivation of farmers to participate in beef cattle business with profit sharing system
Authors: Rohani ST , Siregar A R , Rasyid T G , Darwis M
Published: June 2021

Motivation can encourage farmers to implement a profit-sharing system for beef cattle in an effort to increase their family income. The purpose of this study was to determine the motivation of farmers to conduct profit sharing system for their beef cattle business. This type of research was quantitative descriptive. The number of samples were 50 farmers from ten villages in Patimpeng district, Bone regency, which were carried out by simple random sampling. Data collection was carried out through interviews with the help of questionnaires and analyzed using descriptive statistics. This study showed that farmers have a good motivation in conducting the production profit sharing system for beef cattle business consisting of variables such as: (1) the economic demand of the family; (2) limited business capital; (3) improve social status; and (4) easier profit-sharing system implementation.
The development of intensive beef cattle farming system in North Sulawesi with strategy management concept approach
Authors: Kalangi J K J , Lainawa J , Rahasia C A
Published: June 2021

Beef cattle production in North Sulawesi needs to be increased because its growth was very slow, unable to keep up with the rate of consumer demand. The intensive system approach to beef cattle development was intended to increase production by increasing the ability or optimizing the productivity of the available production factors, where the current conditions for beef cattle development in North Sulawesi were generally maintained traditionally (extensively). This study aimed to obtain the concept of a long-term planning strategy from an intensive system of beef cattle development in North Sulawesi. A qualitative research method was used to determine farmers’ perceptions and formulate development strategies using a four-stage qualitative analysis approach, a Lingkert scale, and a three-stage strategy formulation for the David Fred model. The results showed that farmers in North Sulawesi were less interested in the application of the intensive farming system in developing beef cattle, because the traditional (extensive) farming system have been considered beneficial for the farmers. Therefore, to achieve the development of intensive farming systems, the strategy had to be built for driving force in the market and consumers.
The public perception of the Bali cattle-Lontara motif cloth product as local wisdom in South Sulawesi
Authors: Asnawi A , Hadrawi M , Amrawaty A , Nurlaelah S
Published: June 2021

Batik is one of the characteristics of the Indonesian people whose development is quite rapid today. One area in Indonesia that has batik with its uniqueness is South Sulawesi province, namely silk batik. Silk is a typical fabric of the region which in recent years developed with a motive that uses the Lontara script. Lontara script is a traditional script of the Bugis community and is used as a local language in several areas. The use of Lontara script on silk cloth is unique in the fashion world. On the one hand, there are quite a lot of local cattle such as Bali cattle that allow it to be visualized on silk cloth. The purpose of this study is to promote the Lontara script and Bali cattle which are local wisdom in South Sulawesi province. This study was a descriptive research. Before the production process, a design that combines Bali cattle motive and Lontara script was designed using the Adobe Photoshop CC-19 software application. Methods or stages of production included the process of making batik using wooden stamps made by the animal motif design and the Lontara script about Bali cattle. This wooden stamp was dipped in the wax that has been heated and affixed to the base material of white cloth. After the entire fabric was stamped, then coloring was given to the fabric’s basic ingredients according to people needs and tastes. After it was dried under the sun, then it was soaked and cooked and dried again by stretching, so that the drying process can be better. Batik products made from a blend of motive from cattle with the Lontara script, the Bugis language, were expected to be a medium to promote the cultural richness of South Sulawesi province. The sustainability of this product has potential because the public gives a good assessment of the product.
Dairy cattle farming: how the performance of household labour participant in the farm chain
Authors: Utami H D , Nugroho B A , Wisaptiningsih U , Nugroho H
Published: June 2021

A Case study was held at smallholder dairy farming at Malang, East Java Province of Indonesia. The research aimed to investigate the value-generating between the household labours in terms of the time allocation and its productivity in engaging dairy cattle. Multi-stage sampling method was a technique to obtain the three strata of dairy farming, including stratum-1(n=12), stratum-2 (n=8) and stratum-3 (n=6) with average owning about 5.22 AU, 6.5 AU and 7.88 AU, respevtively. Data collection used survey method for primary data, whereas secondary data were provided by related institutions. Descriptive analysis using the formulation productivity were applied to analyse the data. Results discovered that productivity per Animal unit stratum-3 confirms the highest one (IDR 20,041) than those stratum-2 (IDR19,084) and stratum-1 (IDR 17,087). This farm also devoted the efficient in rearing dairy cattle about 1.36 hours/AU compared to 1,41 hours (stratum-2) and 1.42 hours (stratum-1). In addition, the largest productivity per hours was on stratum-3 about IDR 14,736 in comparison with about IDR 13,535 for stratum-2 and IDR 12,033 for stratum-3. Regarding gender however, stratum-2 exhibited the highest productivity, namely IDR 13,567 and IDR 647 for men and women labour, respectively.
Customers’ satisfaction index in Begos Restaurant Tamalanrea, Makassar City
Authors: Irma  , Ridwan M , Kasim K
Published: June 2021

The level of customer satisfaction was very important to be calculate, customer satisfaction was the level of consumers’ feeling after comparing between what was received and their desires. Quality of service was a variety of efforts made to meet the needs and expectations of costumers. This study aimed to determine the level of consumer satisfaction with the quality of processed duck products and service quality at Begos Restaurant. This research was conducted in November to December 2019 and the type of research used was quantitative descriptive. The sample in this study was 100 consumers who came to eat at Begos Restaurant. Data collection was carried out by using consumers who came to eat at Begos Restaurants. Analysis of the data used in this research was descriptive statistics using the Customer Satisfaction Index (CSI) calculation formula. The results of this study indicated that the satisfaction index of service quality was 85.56%.
Factors determinant of horse selling price in Tolo animal market Kelara district Jeneponto regency
Authors: Wiranata S , Kadir S , Kasim K
Published: June 2021

This study aims to determine the external level of performance (shoulder height, waist height, body length and chest circumference) and transaction costs as a determinant for the sale price of horses in the Tolo Animal Market, Kelara District, Jeneponto Regency. This research was carried out from January to March 2020. The type of research used is a quantitative explanation that aims to determine the impact of independent variables on the dependent variable. The type of data used is qualitative data. The sample used in this study included 50 horse sales transactions. The data was collected using questionnaires and interviews. Analysis of the data used in this study is a multiple linear regression using SPSS windows 24. The results of this study show that performance exterior (shoulder height, waist height, body length, chest circumference), body weight and transaction costs all have a significant impact on determinants of the selling price of horses in the Tolo animal market, while individually or partial variable body weight significantly influence the determinants of the selling prices for horses in the Tolo animal market, Kelara District, Jeneponto Regency.
Development of duck farming in Pinrang Regency, South Sulawesi Province, Indonesia
Authors: Hastang  , Sirajuddin S N , Saleh I M , Magfirah N , Hakim S
Published: June 2021

Businesses opportunities in the livestock sector are very potential, especially duck farming. This study aims to determine the level of development of duck farming in Mattiro Sompe District, Pinrang Regency, South Sulawesi Province. Indonesia. The research was conducted from July to August 2019. The population was all breeders in the Mattiro Sompe District. Samples were duck breeders in Mattongan-tongang Village, Mattiro Sompe District. Data sources were primary data and secondary data. Types of data were qualitative data and quantitative data. Data analysis was descriptive quantitative. The results showed that the duck farming business in Pinrang Regency, South Sulawesi Province was feasible to be developed.
The potential of active packaging for tuna
Authors: Alfiana S H , Dirpan A , Latief R
Published: June 2021

Tuna is a food that is easily damaged and external appearance of tuna is an important consideration to determine the sale value, so handling tuna must be done carefully, quickly, and low temperatures are used immediately after catching. In addition, good handling can increase shelf life and maintain tuna freshness. Active packaging is one technique that can be developed to extend shelf life while maintaining product quality to stay fresh. A method of food storage that is safe and biodegradable is by packaging with edible coating or edible film. Several types of materials that can be used as materials for making edible coatings are sago starch, corn starch and chitosan. Active packaging developed with antimicrobials will play a role in reducing or inhibiting the growth of microbes that grow on food and maintain the integrity and prevent product damage during the shelf life. The advantages of products that are packaged with edible coating are able to reduce water activity on the surface of the material so that damage by microorganisms can be avoided, able to improve the surface structure so that the surface becomes shiny; able to reduce dehydration so that weight loss can be prevented.
Current Structure and Preliminary Indication of Mentawaian-Jet in the Southeastern Mentawai Waters, Indonesia
Authors: Purwandana A , Edikusmanto D , Ismail M F A , Surinati D , Bayhaqi A , Iskandar M R , Corvianawatie C , Muhadjirin D , Irianto D
Published: June 2021

The baseline observations of water current in the southeastern Mentawai waters using Shipboard Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler (SADCP) of the RV Baruna Jaya VIII in April 2013 were presented study. This study aims to reveal the current subsurface system in the internal western Sumatra waters, the southeastern Mentawai Islands waters. We found unique hydrodynamics in this region where the southeastward flows were observed in the upper 50 m yet persistent northwestward flow below. We suggest that the southeastward flows in the upper layer were the remaining Southeast Monsoon-driven circulations. The northwestward flows below were likely acting as counter-current due to continuity processes in this semi-enclosed sea. This counter-current exceeds 1 m s−1 at a depth of>125 m, a localized jet-like current. We propose to name this high magnitude current as Mentawaian Jet as it feeds the western Sumatra internal waters.
A Retrospective Study of Semi-Enclosed Bays Based on Short Core Samples in Surabaya and Bali, Indonesia
Authors: Rositasari R , Purbonegoro T
Published: June 2021

A retrospective study is one of the most critical aspects of paleoenvironmental studies on developmental planning and environmental monitoring from a geological perspective. The semi-enclosed bay of Lamong Bay, Surabaya, and Benoa Bay, Bali, was rapidly accelerated physics and ecological development on the national scope. The contrary semi-enclosed marine system is linked to large-scale anthropogenic disturbances. This study provides useful baseline information for stakeholders in preparing disaster mitigation plans. This study was aimed to determine past ecological changes based on the paleoenvironmental analysis in two bays with very different environmental development characteristics. i.e. Lamong Bay, Surabaya and Benoa Bay, Bali. Sampling was conducted in March 2017, including analysis of absolute age and sedimentation rate using the Pb210 isotope and foraminifera recent indexing from short core samples. The Ammonia-Elphidium index (A-E index) and the planktonic/benthic ratio (P/B) were used as a proxy of hypoxia and open ocean flow, respectively. Analysis of foraminifera characteristics showed that the study sites had experienced different ecological changes in the last few decades. Over the past 87 years, Lamong Bay has undergone ecological changes, from the aquatic environment strongly influenced by the open sea and supporting benthic life to shallow oligotrophic waters that cannot supports benthic life. In contrast, Benoa Bay has been shallow for the past 50 years and supports benthic life without the threat of hypoxia due to eutrophication.
Biodiversity Beyond National Jurisdiction (BBNJ): Indonesian Perspective as an Archipelagic State
Authors: Dirhamsyah
Published: June 2021

Biodiversity Beyond National Jurisdiction (BBNJ) is the proposed new international agreement on the sustainable use of marine biological diversity of areas beyond national jurisdiction. It will be an international, legally binding instrument under the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS). The road to the development of a new international agreement has been started. The issue of BBNJ has been discussed for the past 15 years since the adoption of the United Nations General Assembly (UNGA) Resolution A/Res/59/24 on November 17, 2004. This paper addresses the issue of the development of BBNJ from the Indonesian perspective as an Archipelagic State. Analysis of available publications related to all activities’ legal standing in the Areas Beyond National Jurisdiction (ABNJ) is conducted in this paper. The article starts with definitions and the legal standing of BBNJ. This paper specifically elaborates the package deal components as the basis for drafting an international legally binding instrument (ILBI). The package deal comprises marine genetic resources and access to benefits sharing, area-based management tools, including marine protected areas, environmental impact assessment, capacity-building, and marine technology transfer. The paper will then elaborate on the policy implication of BBNJ for Indonesia, including the adverse and its benefits. Finally, the article concludes with Indonesia’s recommendations to anticipate the entry into force of the new agreement of BBNJ.