bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Formulation and Evaluation of Herbal Hydrogel Containing Ageratum conyzoides Leaves Ethanol Extracts
Authors: Sari Annisa Kartika , Azzahra Ummu Afifah , Sa’adah Tazkia Fauziatus , Nurista Yuliansa , Amir Elisa Putri Jihan , Hasanah Hikmatul
Published: November 2023

Ageratum conyzoides Linn. can be used for wound healing. The main compound found in Ageratum leaves is 5'-methoxy nobiletin, a class of polymethoxyflavone that may treat pain and inflammation. The pharmaceutical preparation chosen for the development of Ageratum leaf as a wound-related pain relief is a hydrogel, because of its several advantages, namely, it is more convenient, practical, and forms a rinseable film layer that gives a cool feeling to the skin. This study intends to explore the impact of numerous concentrations of ethanol extract of Ageratum leaves on the physical evaluation of hydrogels. Hydrogel preparations were made with varying concentrations of Ageratum leaf ethanol extract 5%, 6%, and 7.5%. The resulting formula was physically assessed to ensure its quality. The assessment included organoleptic, homogeneity, degree of acidity, spreadability, viscosity, and FT-IR analysis. Statistical data processing of the physical quality of hydrogels was carried out using two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) to test whether there was a significant difference between formulations. The results showed that all formulas were in accordance with the evaluation requirements including the organoleptic, homogeneity, acidity degree (pH), spreadability, viscosity, and FT-IR analysis. There was no significant change in the spreadability and pH of the formulations over 28 days. Based on the results of organoleptic tests, homogeneity, viscosity, acidity degree, spreadability, and FTIR analysis, it is known that all formulas achieved all physical requirements. This indicates that the hydrogel composed of carbomer 940 and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose can be an ideal base for ethanol extract of Ageratum leaves.
A Comparative Analysis of Steam Distillation and Enfleurage Methods for the Extraction of Cananga odorata Flower Essential Oil
Authors: Elisa Elisa , Muslikh Faisal Akhmal , Dewi Tanaya Jati Dharma , Ma’arif Burhan
Published: November 2023

Essential oils are made from the natural extracts of many different kinds of plants. Indonesia has a lot of potential for making essential oils that could make it the leader in the essential oil market around the world. One of them is the essential oil from the Cananga odorata flower, which is used a lot in the pharmaceutical industry and others. The aim of this research was to compare methods of extracting essential oils from C. odorata leaves that can produce oils of good quality and that meet standards. In this study, steam distillation and enfleuration methods were used to extract the essential oil from the flower. Essential oil extracted with steam distillation had a yield value of 1.87%. Its characteristics were that it was light yellow in color, had a distinct fragrance, had a refractive index of 1.480, and had a specific gravity of 0.908 g/mL. The yield of essential oil from enfleurage was 2.87%, and it was dark yellow with a distinct fragrance. It had a refractive index of 1.510 and a specific gravity of 0.9012 g/mL. The GC-MS analysis of the essential oil from the steam distillation found 21 different compounds. The highest of these was b-cubebene (19.92%). The GC-MS analysis of the essential oil from enfleuration method found 15 different compounds, with caryophyllene (39.94%) being the highest. Based on the findings, it was concluded that the enfleuration method was more optimal for extracting essential oils from C. odorata.
Critical Multimodal Literacy and Oral Proficiency Development
Authors:   The Korean Society For Teaching English Literature, Ju Bora
Published: November 2023

This descriptive case study aimed to investigate the impact of critical multimodal literacy in English classes, which included the use of parody films and metaverse-based User-Created Content (UCC) related to disability, on Korean university EFL learners’ conventional literacy and awareness of disability. Data were collected from three participants with varying English proficiency and educational backgrounds over a two-month period, with weekly sessions lasting two and a half hours. A combination of qualitative and quantitative methods, such as questionnaires, interviews, group discussions, reflective papers, and metaverse-based UCC productions, was employed to assess the effectiveness of critical multimodal literacy in English speaking and disability education. Korean EFL students, influenced by Confucian culture, tend to hesitate when expressing their opinions publicly. In response, this research proposes using avatars to create alternative textual representations of their viewpoints instead of recording personal video presentations. This innovative approach aims to evaluate changes in students’ attitudes towards disabilities and improvements in their oral communication abilities. The overall findings indicated that (1) The critical multimodal literacy practice, employing parody films based on fairy tales in the classroom, plays a significant role in the development of conventional literacy among Korean adult EFL learners. (2) The practice of critical multimodal literacy, which involves using parody films of fairy tales that address disabilities, helps EFL learners broaden their perspectives on disabilities and modify their social behaviors. (3) Attitudes and reactions toward disabilities varied according to the individual experiences of EFL learners.
Öğretmen Adaylarının Eğitim Programı Okuryazarlık Düzeylerinin Belirlenmesi
Authors: DURAN Aysemin
Published: November 2023

Öğretmen adaylarının eğitim programının öğelerini tanımayı, tasarlamayı ve değerlendirmeyi ifade eden eğitim programı okuryazarlığı düzeylerini belirlemeyi amaçlayan bu araştırma 2021-2022 eğitim öğretim yılında bir vakıf üniversitesinin eğitim fakültesinde yürütülmüştür. Araştırmanın amacı doğrultusunda öğretmen adaylarının eğitim programı okuryazarlık düzeyleri ve bu düzeyin cinsiyet, öğrenim görülen bölüm değişkenlerine göre farklılaşıp farklılaşmadığı belirlenmiştir. Araştırma, tarama araştırması deseniyle tasarlanmış olup, örneklem seçiminde ölçüt örnekleme yöntemi tercih edilmiş ve son sınıfta öğrenim gören 245 öğrenciyle çalışma gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırmanın verileri “Eğitim Programı Okuryazarlığı” ölçeği ile Google Forms üzerinden alınmıştır. Verilerin analizi SPSS 24.0 paket sürümü üzerinde t-testi ve ANOVA testi kulanılarak yapılmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda, öğretmen adaylarının program okuryazarlıkları yüksek düzeyde bulunmuştur. Öğretmen adaylarının cinsiyetlerine göre program okuryazarlık düzeyleri anlamlı farklılık göstermezken, bölümlerine göre farklılıklar olduğu belirlenmiştir. Rehberlik ve Psikolojik Danışmanlık, Özel Eğitim ve Okul Öncesi öğretmenliği bölümlerinde öğrenim gören öğrencilerin program okuryazarlık düzeyleri arasında anlamlı farklar bulunmuştur. Bir başka dikkat çekici bulgu da, öğretmen adaylarının program okuryazarlığının yazma alt boyutundaki ortalama puanların düşük düzeyde olmasıdır. Yazma alt boyutu bir eğitim programının hedef- içerik- eğitim durumları- değerlendirme gibi öğelerini tasarlamayı, öğeler arasındaki ilişkileri analiz etmeyi, materyal geliştirmeyi, hedeflere uygun değerlendirme araçları geliştirmeyi ifade ettiği için bu hususta öğretmen adaylarının gelişmeye ihtiyaçları olduğu ortaya çıkmıştır. Özellikle eğitim fakültesinde yürütülen derslerden Eğitimde Program Geliştirme ve Öğretim İlke ve Yöntemleri derslerinde, program okuryazarlığının önemi üzerinde durularak, öğretmen adaylarının bir öğretim programını tüm unsurlarıyla tanımaları, çeşitli uygulamalar yaparak program yapısını içselleştirmeleri sağlanabilir. Ayrıca program geliştirmenin sürekli bir döngü halinde devam etmesi sebebiyle, mesleğini yapmakta olan öğretmenlere de çeşitli hizmetiçi eğitimler sayesinde program okuryazarlığının önemi vurgulanabilir.
Pleasure before business. About the carnival code of modern television communication
Authors: Tretyakov Vitaly T.
Published: November 2023

Media sphere carnivalization today is becoming not only one of the key signs of the development of modern media, but also a phenomenon that describes the most essential features of media. This is most clearly manifested in audiovisual media in general and television in particular. Based on the method of content analysis, the historical-functional method, as well as taking into account the theory of carnival proposed by M.M. Bakhtin, examined various aspects of the manifestation of carnival in modern screen media. The obvious presence of such essential qualities of carnival as equality (democracy of the “golden age”), inverted hierarchy, the presence of special symbols, the removal of restrictions (taboos), fun, laughter, deception is noted. The conclusion is made about the totality of carnivalization characteristic of mass media today. Along with this, a characteristic is also noted that essentially distinguishes the modern media carnival from the carnival of the past: if previously carnival came into a person’s life according to the principle “business is time, fun is an hour,” then today television carnival is present in a person’s life in exactly the opposite way – according to the principle of “fun.” “It’s time, it’s an hour.” This changes the essence of screen communication and has a significant impact on human life and society as a whole.
Professional identity and problems of novice journalists
Authors: Pronina Elena E.
Published: November 2023

Two approaches to the study of journalist’s professional identity are compared: institutional and ontological. The theoretical foundations and heuristic possibilities of the ontological approach are demonstrated on the example of empirical research into the psychological problems of novice journalists. Professional identity is considered not as an externally set standard, but as a psychological attitude spontaneously formed in real life, which is found in the deep structure of respondents’ anxiety. In order to identify the most common psychological problems faced by novice journalists, a survey of journalism students is conducted. Based on the subjective assessments of the respondents, a ranking of the most frequently occurring anxiety is compiled. The limited resolving power of self-reports frequency processing is shown in comparison with multivariate analysis, which allows us to move from the realized anxiety’ level to the anxiety underlying determinants level. In the course of factor analysis, the main components of professional identity as an individual-personal and collective attitude are identified. The interrelation between the identity components and ontological properties of a journalist is shown. Using non-parametric criteria for comparing samples, the influence of the place of training on the intensity of anxiety anxiety is demonstrated. The conclusions about the necessity to take into account the psychological structure of professional identity during the training of future specialists are drawn.
Coecum mobile. Literature review and clinical observation
Authors: Isaev Y. A. , Sergeev A. N. , Morozov A. M. , Shestakov M. S.
Published: November 2023

Relevance. Anomalies of the position and attachment of the colon in the abdominal cavity includes a large number of options. In some cases, the pathology is not limited exclusively to the mobility of the cecum, but is combined with a violation of the fixation of the ascending colon, the absence of attachment of the hepatic and splenic angles, omission of the right half of the colon or total colonoptosis.

Results. There is surgical pathology associated with abnormal position and attachment of the circumferential intestine in the abdomen and a case of abnormal position dependency and an anomaly of the attachment of the right side of the circumferential intestine, depending on body type, which have certain clinical manifestations. Clinical manifestations of this pathology, methods of diagnosis and treatment with favorable results are described in the article. Also own surgical treatment methods depending on the anatomical variant of the pathology are presented in the article.

Conclusion. The anatomical restoration of the correct position of the intestine in the abdominal cavity is operative. The proposed operation is performed taking into account the anomaly variant.
MINIMUM INHIBITORY CONCENTRATION OF PURPLE LEAF EXTRACT (GRAPTOPHYLLUM PICTUM L. GRIFF) AGAINST LACTOBACILLUS ACIDOPHILUS ATCC 4356
Authors: Indriyani Chusnadia Shafira , Kurniawati Atik , Setyaningsih Sari , Wulandari Erawati , Astuti Pudji
Published: November 2023

Background: Dental caries is an oral cavity disease that affects most Indonesians. Lactobacillus acidophilus (L. acidophilus) is one of the bacteria that causes dental caries. Control of bacteria in the form of antibacterial agents is needed to suppress the growth of L. acidophilus. Purple leaves (Graptophyllum pictum L. Griff) are a medicinal plant with antibacterial compounds, namely flavonoids, alkaloids, saponins, and tannins. Purpose: Determine the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) of purple leaves extract on the growth of L. acidophilus. Method: The sample consisted of seven groups, including positive control (chlorhexidine 0.2%), negative control (BHI-B), and purple leaves extract with concentrations of 25%, 12.5%, 6.25%, 3.12%, and 1.56%. The antibacterial activity of purple leaves extract was carried out quantitatively using a spectrophotometer with a wavelength of 600 nm. After that, it was incubated at 37°C for 48 hours, followed by absorbance measurement. The absorbance results were then analyzed using the Paired T-Test (before and after incubation). Result: Purple leaves extract concentrations of 6.25%, 12.5%, and 25% had an inhibitory effect on L. acidophillus. Conclusion: Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) of purple leaves extract on the growth of L. acidophilus was 6.25%
Lower extremity lymphedema and vascularized lymph node transfer recipient sites: a review of the current literature
Authors: Tawaklna Kenan , Chi David , Bruce Jordan G. , Ha Austin Y. , Anolik Rachel
Published: November 2023

Vascularized lymph node transfer is a surgical treatment for lower extremity lymphedema aimed at restoring physiological lymphatic flow. Much variation exists in determining the appropriate donor site from which to harvest lymph nodes as well as the optimal recipient site to anastomose the new lymph nodes. This article reviews the underlying principles of free vascularized lymph node transfer and discusses patient-specific, disease-specific and surgery-specific factors in considering recipient sites from the proximal, middle, and distal lower extremity. The clinical outcomes of published studies in lymphatic surgery for lower extremity lymphedema are presented. An omental flap to the middle lower extremity (mid-thigh, popliteal fossa, or medial calf) is then recommended due to the abundance of lymphatic tissue, proximity to pooled lymph fluid, and avoidance of added bulk or poor cosmesis of the distal lower extremity. However, additional clinical outcomes studies are needed and represent an area of further investigation.
Differential Diagnosis of Fibrotic Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis with Its Non-Fibrotic Phenotype and Usual Interstitial Pneumonia During High-Resolution Computed Tomography
Authors: Tuyrin I. E. , Kuleshov D. A. , Samsonova M. V. , Chernyaev A. L. , Kusraeva E. V. , Trushenko N. V. , Chikina S. Yu. , Avdeev S. N.
Published: November 2023

Background. Diagnosis of hypersensitivity pneumonitis (HP) using high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) is not an easy task. The most difficult aspects of the disease include differential diagnosis of its fibrotic (fHP) and non-fibrotic (nfHP) phenotypes, as well as their differentiation from usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP) in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. The determination of fibrous changes at an early stage of development can significantly accelerate the beginning of antifibrotic therapy and improve the prognosis.

Objective: to identify key HRCT signs for reliable differentiation of fHP and nfHP, to carry out differential diagnostics between fHP and UIP.

Material and methods. The data of 73 patients with morphologically verified HP, in whom HRCT had been performed, were retrospectively analysed. In 21 patients, nfHP was determined, and in 52 patients fHP was identified. The comparison group consisted of 24 patients with a typical radiological UIP pattern. The analysis of the changes detected during HRCT was carried out by qualitative and semi-quantitative methods. The significance of qualitative differences in a sign manifestation was assessed by Fisher’s exact test, semi-quantitative differences were evaluated using Mann–Whitney test.

Results. The results of the study allow to assume, that the presence and degree of manifestation of certain HRCT signs significantly differ between the selected groups of patients in qualitative and/or semi-quantitative terms. In cases of НP, the distribution of changes was mostly uniform and diffuse, with no clear predominance in certain lobes. In UIP, diffuse craniocaudal distribution took place, and in the axial plane, the changes were mainly subpleural in nature.

Conclusion. Based on the results of the study, it can be assumed that fHP significantly differs from nfHP in such features as the presence and degree of manifestation of ground glass and honeycombing symptoms, reticular changes and traction bronchiectases. When comparing the fHP and UIP groups, the distinctive signs of fHP were centrilobular nodules, mosaic pattern, as well as diffuse axial sign distribution.
Radiological Features of Changes in the Lungs Caused by Fast- or Slow-Growing Nontuberculous Mycobacteria
Authors: Amansakhedov R. B. , Dmitrieva L. I. , Smirnova T. G. , Veshkin A. A. , Ergeshov A. E.
Published: November 2023

Objective: to compare radiological features of pulmonary nontuberculous mycobacterioses (NTM) caused by fast- or slow-growing mycobacteria.

Material and methods. Radiological features of the disease were studied in 110 patients with newly diagnosed NTM. The patients were divided into two groups: 70 (63.6%) patients with slow-growing NTM and 40 (36.3%) with fast-growing NTM. The diagnosis was based on patient’s complaints, specified case history, radiological studies, clinical laboratory studies, sputum smear studies, bronchoalveolar lavage studies, different types of bronchial biopsies, and video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery resection samples. According to the results of high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT), a comparative analysis of the degree of involvement in the pathological process of such anatomical formations as parenchyma and stroma, vessels, bronchi, pleura and intrathoracic lymph nodes was carried out.

Results. The analysis of HRCT studies showed that fast-growing NTM is not characterized by gross deformation of bronchopulmonary structures. There is a more pronounced infiltrative phase with the involvement of vessels, pleura and bronchial lesions of smaller generations, the formation of broncho-bronchiolectasias and symptoms of bronchiolitis, faster clinical and radiological involution under dynamic observation. Slow-growing NTM is characterized by a more severe deformation of bronchopulmonary structures with the formation of different-sized bronchiectasis, bronchogenic cavities, a more torpid course of the inflammatory process.

Conclusion. Despite the similarities of clinical and radiological patterns of NTM, we established some distinguished features for slow-growing and fast-growing types.
Only in Natural Spacetime Does Nature Disclose Her Secrets
Authors: Niemz Markolf H.
Published: November 2023

Special and general relativity (SR/GR) describe nature from a subjective perspective. Mathematically, they are correct. Here I show: (1) Physically, SR and GR have an issue. Spacetime in either theory is not natural, but construed by observers. Rulers and clocks measure proper distance di and proper time τ. Period. They are not aware of coordinate distance (xi or xi') nor of coordinate time (t or t') in SR. Nor are they aware of how an observer parameterizes spacetime in GR. Rulers and clocks are thus not able to measure what is calculated in SR/GR. Still, the Lorentz factor and gravitational time dilation are correct. This is why SR/GR work so well in an observer’s reality. (2) Euclidean relativity (ER) describes nature from an objective perspective. In ER, proper space d1, d2, d3 and proper time τ of any (!) object span “natural spacetime”, which is 4D Euclidean space (ES) if we take cτ as d4. All energy is moving through ES at the speed of light c. Each observer’s reality is created by projecting ES orthogonally to his proper space and to his proper time. These axes are reassembled in SR/GR to a non-Euclidean spacetime. But the SO(4) symmetry of ES is not compatible with waves. This is fine because ER tells us that wave and particle are subjective concepts: What I deem wave packet, deems itself particle at rest. We must distinguish between an observer’s reality (subjectively described by SR/GR) and the “master reality” ES (objectively described by ER). ER revolutionizes cosmology and quantum mechanics by solving the Hubble tension, dark energy, and non-locality.
Optimizing Tunable LC Devices with Twisted Light
Authors: Otón Sanchez Jose Manuel , Pereiro-García Javier , Quintana Xabier , Caño-García Manuel , Otón Eva , Geday Morten A.
Published: November 2023

Tunable circular devices made of liquid crystals or other materials, like lenses, axicons or phase plates are often constrained by limitations in size, tunability, power and other parameters. These constrains restrict their use and limit their applicability. In this review, a thorough study of the use of light orbital angular momentum in LC devices manufacturing is presented. Twisted light amazingly fosters the simultaneous optimization of most critical parameters. Experimental demonstrations of unmatched performance of tunable LC lenses, axicons and other elements, in magnitudes such as lens diameter (> 1”), power and tunability (> ±6 diopters), fill factor (> 98%) and time response have been achieved by reversible vortex generation created by azimuthal phase delay. This phase delay can be eventually removed within the optical system, so that the lens performance is not affected.
On-Chip Integration of a Plasmonic FET Source and a Nano-Patch Antenna for Efficient Terahertz Radiation
Authors: Crabb Justin , Roman Xavier Cantos , Jornet Josep Miquel , Aizin Gregory
Published: November 2023

Graphene-based Field-Effect Transistors (FETs) integrated with microstrip patch antennas offer a promising approach for Terahertz signal radiation. In this study, a dual-stage simulation methodology is employed to comprehensively investigate the device’s performance. The initial stage, executed in MATLAB, delves into charge transport dynamics within a FET under asymmetric boundary conditions, employing hydrodynamic equations for electron transport in the graphene channel. Electromagnetic field interactions are modeled via Finite-Difference Time-Domain (FDTD) techniques. The second stage, conducted in COMSOL Multiphysics, focuses on the microstrip patch antenna’s radiative characteristics. Notably, analysis of the S11 curve reveals minimal reflections at the FET’s resonant frequency of 1.34672 THz, indicating efficient impedance matching. Examination of the radiation pattern demonstrates the antenna’s favorable directional properties. This research underscores the potential of graphene-based FETs for Terahertz applications, offering tunable impedance matching and high radiation efficiency for future Terahertz devices.
Quantitative Evaluation of Deformation and Wood Mass Alterations due to Relative Humidity Fluctuations: A preliminary study on spruce samples
Authors: Auber--Le Saux Jessica , Tornari Vivi , Bai Xueshi , Wilkie-Chancellier Nicolas , Andrianakis Michalis , Detalle Vincent
Published: November 2023

The understanding of structural alteration mechanisms due to relative humidity impact on organic supports of paintings is of crucial significance for the preventive conservation strategies in order to ensure the long-term preservation of important cultural identity artworks. The effort in this paper is to simulate Museum realistic relative humidity condition in a climate chamber while monitoring the structural responses through a quantitative interferometric method allowing the quantitative correlation between the physical values of deformation and mass alteration relevant to relative humidity fluctuations.
Do the Laser-Printed 3D-Structures Withstand the X-ray Synchrotron Radiation Beam?
Authors: Danilkin Mikhail , Vitukhnovsky Alexei , Kolymagin Danila , Perevedentseva Elena , Gritsienko Alexander , Tokunov Yury , Zakharchuk Ivan , Primenko Alexei , Prutskov Grigory
Published: November 2023

The radiation stability of polymer test objects fabricated by direct laser writing is studied. The two groups of 6 cubes (50×50×50 μm3) were printed on a common silicon substrate. 6 cubes were irradiated with X-rays in the synchrotron radiation beam (12 keV, 1010 photons/mm2/s), the other 6 kept non-irradiated for the reference. In each group, the fabrication parameters (laser power and slicing step) were uniformly varied from cube to cube. Each irradiated cube was exposed with the dose of 1013 X-ray photons. The calibration of this dose in the radiological units (Gy) was carried out using the tissue-equivalent thermoluminescent detectors (TLD-800). The corresponding exposition dose was estimated as 30 kGy for each cube. The radiation effects were evaluated by Raman spectroscopy and by morphological changes observed with the raster electron microscope. The primary radiation effect appears in the essential increase of the polymerization degree with consuming carbon-carbon double bonds in favor of the polymer cross-linking. Only one cube of 6 has changed the size and shape due to this effect, while the others retained the initial shape. Morphological changes are connected with the improper fabrication parameters (laser power and slicing step). Properly fabricated objects withstand the X-rays of the synchrotron radiation beam.
Reducing the Inequality of Citations based on Local Indexers: The Brazilian Spell (Scientific Periodicals Electronic Library) Case
Authors: Rossoni Luciano , Rosa Rodrigo Assunção
Published: November 2023

The inclusion of scientific journals in prestigious indexers is often associated with higher citation rates; journals included in such indexers are significantly more acknowledged than those that are not included in them. This phenomenon refers to the Matthew effect on journal citations, according to which, journals in exclusive rankings tend to be increasingly cited. This paper shows the opposite: that the inclusion of journals in local indexers ruled by inclusive logic reduces the Matthew effect on journal citations, since it enables them to be equally exposed. Thus, we based our arguments on the comparison of 68 Brazilian journals before and after they were indexed in the Scientific Periodicals Electronic Library (Spell), which ranks journals in the Brazilian management field based on local citations. Citation impact indicators and iGini (a new individual inequality analysis measure) were used to show that the inclusion of journals in Spell has increased their impact factor and decreased their citation inequality rates. In addition, the results indicated that the effect between ranking and inequality has declined after journals were included in Spell; this outcome indicates that the database has reduced the Matthew effect on journal citations.
Enhancing Library Services: The Progression from Open-Source Integrated Library Systems to Library Services Platforms
Authors: Some Ashis Kumar
Published: November 2023

Over time, the library and information profession has adapted and embraced new technologies to enhance its practices. The emergence of computer and communication technology has significantly transformed the delivery of library services. One early example of this is the utilization of Library Management Systems (LMS) during the computerization of libraries, which integrated Information and Communication Technology (ICT) into library operations. However, as libraries began to adopt electronic and digital materials, it became apparent that the current LMSs were insufficient to handle the growing array of resources. To effectively manage all these resources, new library systems, known as library services platforms (LSP), evolved to the next generation. Several LSPs have gained traction, leading to a transformation in how libraries operate. This article provides an overview of LSPs, explores various LSP options, and delves into detail about FOLIO (Future of Libraries is Open), which stands as the only open-source library services platform available at present.
Dual-polarization RF Channelizer based on a Kerr Soliton Crystal Microcomb
Authors: Moss David , xu xingyuan , tan mengxi
Published: November 2023

We report a dual-polarization radio frequency (RF) channelizer based on microcombs. With the tailored mismatch between the FSRs of the active and passive MRRs, wideband RF spectra can be channelized into multiple segments featuring digital-compatible bandwidths via the Vernier effect. Due to the use of dual-polarization states, the number of channelized spectral segments, and thus the RF instantaneous bandwidth (with a certain spectral resolution), can be doubled. In our experiments, we used 20 microcomb lines with ~ 49 GHz FSR to achieve 20 channels for each polarization, with high RF spectra slicing resolutions at 144 MHz (TE) and 163 MHz (TM), respectively; achieving an instantaneous RF operation bandwidth of 3.1 GHz (TE) and 2.2 GHz (TM). Our approach paves the path towards monolithically integrated photonic RF receivers (the key components—active and passive MRRs are all fabricated on the same platform) with reduced complexity, size, and unprecedented performance, which is important for wide RF applications with digital-compatible signal detection.
Language Skills in Children with Attention Deficit Hyperactiv-Ity Disorder and Specific Language Impairment: A Systematic Review
Authors: Méndez-Freije Inmaculada , Areces Débora , Rdoríguez Celestino
Published: November 2023

(1) Background: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and Developmental Language Disorder (DLD) are neurodevelopmental disorders that affect various areas of chil-dren’s development, such as language. There is an emerging idea that ADHD is characterised by the presence of language difficulties, which could be explained by the high comorbidity between ADHD and DLD. The purpose of this study is to analyse the empirical evidence of language com-petence in children aged 6–17 years old, diagnosed with ADHD and/or DLD. (2) Method: Fifteen studies with experimental designs were identified from Scopus, PsycINFO and WoS databases, reporting on language skills in children diagnosed with ADHD and/or DLD. Studies relating ex-ecutive functioning to language skills in this target population were also included. (3) Results: The literature is heterogeneous and different components of language are also examined. Even though the results are contradictory they convincingly demonstrate that there are overlapping symptoms between ADHD and DLD, such as language skills and executive functions. (4) Conclusions: the differences in the samples limit the generalisability of the results. Therefore, this review highlights the importance of considering language skills when designing individualised interventions for the population with ADHD and DLD, both in comorbidity and in isolation.
Buku Ajar Metode Penelitian Manajemen
Authors:   Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo, Rita Ambarwati Rita Ambarwati , Sumartik Sumartik
Published: November 2023

Secara etimologis, Research (Re berarti balik, dan SEARCH berarti mencari). Jadi pencarian artinya pencarian balik. Berikut beberapa definisi penelitian menurut beberapa ahli: Tuckman menjelaskan bahwa penelitian sebagai upaya sistematis untuk menemukan jawaban ilmiah atas suatu masalah. Sistem dimaksudkan untuk mengikuti prosedur atau langkah-langkah tertentu. Menurut Webster New Collegiate Dictionary, STUDY adalah "penyelidikan atau pemeriksaan serius,khususnya penyelidikan atau eksperimen yang bertujuan untuk menemukan dan menjelaskan fakta, memodifikasi teori atau klausa diterima".
Forecasting SARS-CoV-2 Epidemic Dynamic in Poland with the pDyn Agent-Based Model
Authors: Niedzielewski Karol , Bartczuk Rafał P. , Bielczyk Natalia , Bogucki Dominik , Dreger Filip , Dudziuk Grzegorz , Górski Łukasz , Gruziel-Słomka Magdalena , Haman Jędrzej , Kaczorek Artur , Kisielewski Jan , Krupa Bartosz , Moszyński Antoni , Nowosielski Jędrzej M. , Radwan Maciej , Semeniuk Marcin , Tymoszuk Urszula , Zieliński Jakub , Rakowski Franciszek
Published: November 2023

We employ pDyn, an agent-based epidemiological model, to forecast the fourth wave of the SARS-CoV-2 epidemic, primarily driven by the Delta variant, in Polish society. The model captures spatiotemporal dynamics of the epidemic spread, predicting disease-related states based on pathogen properties and behavioral factors.
We assess pDyn's validity, encompassing pathogen variant succession, immunization level, and the proportion of vaccinated among confirmed cases. We evaluate its predictive capacity for pandemic dynamics, including wave peak timing, magnitude, and duration for confirmed cases, hospitalizations, ICU admissions, and deaths, nationally and regionally in Poland.
Validation involves comparing pDyn's estimates with real-world data (excluding data used for calibration) to evaluate whether pDyn accurately reproduced the epidemic dynamics up to the simulation time. To assess the accuracy of pDyn's predictions, we compared simulation results with real-world data acquired after the simulation date.
The findings affirm pDyn's accuracy in forecasting and enhancing our understanding of epidemic mechanisms.
Characterization of the Fusarium circinatum biofilm environmental response role
Authors: Ratsoma Francinah M , Mokoena Nthabiseng Z , Santana Quentin C , Wingfield Brenda D , Steenkamp Emma T , Motaung Thabiso E
Published: November 2023

The capacity to form biofilms is a common trait among many microorganisms present on Earth. In this study, we demonstrate for the first time that the fatal pine pitch canker agent, Fusarium circinatum, can lead a biofilm-like lifestyle with aggregated hyphal bundles wrapped in extracellular matrix (ECM). Our study suggests that F. circinatum biofilms respond to a changing environment, demonstrated by poor (lower metabolic activities ODs) and optimal (higher metabolic activities ODs) biofilm development under particular abiotic conditions, including temperature and pH. Further analysis revealed that while planktonic cells produced small amounts of ECM per unit of the biomass, heat- and azole-exposed biofilms produced significantly more ECM than non-exposed biofilms. The increased synthesis of ECM in biofilms due to these abiotic factors underscores biofilm importance as a means of survival in response to various stress conditions, demonstrating the adaptability of F. circinatum to changing environments. Interestingly, azole exposure also led to biofilms that were resistant to DNase, which typically uncouples biofilms by penetrating the biofilm and degrading its extracellular DNA; we propose that DNases were likely hindered from reaching target cells by the ECM barricade. The interplay between antifungal treatment and DNase enzyme suggests a complex relationship between eDNA, ECM, and antifungal agents in F. circinatum biofilms. Therefore, our results show how a phytopathogen’s sessile (biofilm) lifestyle could influence its response to the surrounding environment.
Significant benefits from international cooperation over marine plastic pollution
Authors: de Vries Frans , Beaumont Nicola , Börger Tobias , Clark James , Hanley Nicholas , Johnston Robert , Meginnis Keila , Stapenhurst Christopher
Published: November 2023

Plastic pollution in the world’s oceans threatens marine ecosystems and biodiversity, leading to a loss of well-being for people1,2. The connected nature of the marine environment suggests that coordinated actions by countries sharing a common ocean border may provide more effective pollution control than unilateral actions by any one country. However, economic theory and empirical evidence suggest that countries often fail to cooperate, even when joint welfare would be higher under cooperation3. Here we provide the first analysis of the potential economic benefits of cooperative marine plastic pollution (MPP) management in the North Atlantic. An estimated transfer matrix showing how plastics move across the North Atlantic is combined with game theory and estimates of benefits and costs to derive the potential net benefits of international cooperation. A fully cooperative outcome across 16 countries leads to a substantial reduction in MPP, resulting in significant aggregate annual net benefits. However, MPP reduction burdens are unevenly spread across countries. Constraining the agreement to avoid such consequences results in both less MPP reduction and lower aggregate benefits. As the United Nations works on a future global plastic pollution treaty, these results demonstrate that close cooperation will be a critical determinant of its success.
Microenvironment of Adjacent Non-Neoplastic Regions Determines Prognostic Outcomes in Locally Advanced Colorectal Cancer after Surgical Resection: A Multi-Center & Multi-Omics study
Authors: Park Woong-Yang , Bang Yeong Hak , Choi Ji Hye , Park Kyunghee , Lim Jinyeong , Lee Boram , Han Kyung Yeon , Pyo Dae Hee , Cho Yong Beom , Kim Tae-You , Park Kyu Joo , Ryoo Seung-Bum , Kang Sung-Bum , Yu Chang Sik , Lee Jaeim , Lee Kil-yong , Kim Kyu-Tae , Lee Jin-Young , Kim Young-Joon
Published: November 2023

We aimed to predict postoperative prognosis of stage II/III colorectal cancer (CRC). Tumor-like normal microenvironment (tNME) and healthy normal microenvironment (hNME) groups were created using RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) data derived from 273 tumors and 273 paired normal tissues from margins of resected specimens. With a median follow-up of 58.2 months, the tNME group showed poor 5-year recurrence-free survival (54.7 vs. 73.0%, HR = 1.94, P = 0.002) and 5-year overall survival (78.2 vs. 83.0%, HR = 1.76, P = 0.033). Only the tNME group showed similar microbiome diversity between tumor and normal tissues. scRNA-seq revealed a positive co-occurrence of Th17, GZMKhighCD8+T cells, and IL1Bhigh neutrophils in the tumor and normal tissues of tNME. A high proportion of EMP1high epithelial cells was observed in the tNME group, with upregulated epithelial-mesenchymal transition and leukocyte signaling pathways. In conclusion, the microenvironmental status of normal tissues offers a promising biomarker for stage II/III CRC.
Effects of In-Service Strain on Girth Weld Failure of an X80 Pipeline
Authors: Chen Hongyuan , Xiongxiong Gao , Dongliang Yu , Hui Feng , Qiang Chi , Lei Wang , Chunyong Huo
Published: November 2023

In general, transmission pipelines are designed by hoop stress induced by internal pressure, and maximum longitudinal stress. The paper is mainly about the failure analysis of an X80 pipeline brittle fracture on girth weld under in-service strain. The digital image correlation (DIC) in the tensile tests was used to analyze the permanent plastic strain on girth weld metal under in-service strain. Then, the Charpy energy of the girth weld metal with the concentrated plastic strain was tested to evaluate the deterioration of toughness. Finally, the mechanism of the brittle fracture of the girth weld is clarified. The results show that the girth welds may have obvious plastic deformation under an elastic in-service strain of the pipeline. It may lead to a significant deterioration of the toughness, which results in the failure of the pipeline under the strain-controlled load.
Comparison between different lines reveals that Ipomoea cairica (L.) in mangrove wetlands acquires the ability to resist salt through phenotypic plasticity
Authors: Zou Jiatong , Yuan Benqi , Li Weihua , Xie xiaoting , Chen Minghao , Xiong Tiantian
Published: November 2023

Palmate-leaved morning glory (Ipomoea cairica (L.) Sweet) is a fast-growing perennial herbaceous twining vine that was recently discovered to invade mangrove wetlands in China. To understand the mechanism of its successful invasion, we compared the salt tolerance of a halophytic line from Zhuhai and a non-halophytic line from Guangzhou under salt stress. We measured morphological, physiological, and biochemical parameters related to growth, ion homeostasis, photosynthetic pigments, chlorophyll fluorescence parameters, oxidative stress, and apoptosis in both lines. Monitoring apoptosis showed that the halophytic line had a delayed protoplast apoptosis compared with the non-halophytic line. We also found that the halophytic line had higher stems that regenerated; lower water loss, Na+ uptake, and membrane damage; a higher density and area of salt glands; and better photosynthetic performance than the non-halophytic line. The halophyte prevented salt-related damage by reducing water loss and secreting excess sodium ions (Na+) through its lower stomatal density and higher density and area of salt glands. The halophytic line also maintained a better balance of Na+, potassium ions, nitrogen, and phosphorus under salt stress. The halophytic line had higher activities of antioxidant enzymes, including superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, and catalase, and non-enzymatic antioxidants of proline and anthocyanins, which indicate a stronger oxidative stress response. Our results suggest that the halophytic line adapts to higher salt tolerance than the non-halophytic line by enhancing its salt exclusion, osmolyte adjustment, and photosynthetic efficiency, which could explain its successful invasion in the mangrove wetland ecosystem.
Energy absorption characteristics of super-square chiral honeycomb
Authors: Wang Chengming , Deng Xiaolin
Published: November 2023

Most natural or biological materials exhibit by chiral and layered structures, which offer exceptional mechanical properties such as shear resistance, attenuation and impact resistance. Taking inspiration from circular chiral structures, the paper introduces a novel square chiral structure. A finite element numerical model was constructed using Abaqus/Explicit, and its accuracy was verified and a series of studies were carried out. Initially, a comparative analysis was performed to examine the mechanical properties and deformation modes of two structures: the super-square chiral honeycomb (SSCH) and the tetrachiral chiral honeycomb (TCH). For the same mass, the super-square chiral honeycomb has better energy absorption performance than the tetrachiral honeycomb, with SSCH absorbing 1.09 times the energy of TCH. Additionally, at the same mass, SSCH has a better deformation mode and lower initial peak force than TCH. Subsequently, a systematic parametric study of SSCH was carried out by varying the ratio of quadrilateral side lengths of square chiral structure ribs, wall thickness, and impact velocity. The structure investigated in this paper can provide a reference for the innovative design of the chiral honeycomb structure for specific applications.
MUSACEAE Based Activated Carbon for Removal of Iron and Manganese in Aqueous Media.
Authors: Arkorful Grace Karikari , Annan Ebenezer , Damoah Lucas Nana Wiredu , Adamiak Marcin , Appiah Augustine Nana Sekyi , Krzeminski Lukasz , Bensah Yaw Delali
Published: November 2023

Utilizing activated carbon (AC) made from agro-waste materials (plantain peels and banana stems) for iron and manganese removal from aqueous solutions was studied using isotherm and kinetic models via batch adsorption experiment. The activated carbon, banana stem, and ripped plantain peels (BSAC and RPPAC) was investigated using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET). The FTIR data showed the presence of the O-H group of phenols and carboxylic acids, which are principally responsible for the adsorption of Fe2+ and Mn2+. The RPPAC and BSAC each received two treatments. The activated carbon in empty tea bags which are sealed and activated carbon that is not sealed (sealed BSAC or sealed RPPAC and unsealed BSAC or unsealed RPPAC). These two different treatment samples were utilized as an adsorbent to remove Fe2+ and Mn2+ from the synthetically tainted water. A batch adsorption test was performed to determine the ability and effectiveness of the activated carbons in removing iron and manganese from synthetically tainted water. Adsorption capacity was calculated from adsorbent dosage, initial concentration, and adsorbate volume. The highest removal efficiency of the unsealed BSAC was 99.95% for a contact time of 30 minutes associated with Mn2+. For a contact time of 30 minutes, the unsealed RPPAC adsorbent had a maximum removal efficiency of 99.95% for both Fe2+ and Mn2+ reduction. The adsorption of Fe2+ and Mn2+ on both activated carbon (BSAC and RPPAC) for the sealed and unsealed samples was better represented by the pseudo-second–second-order kinetic model. The adsorption data for both contaminants were found to be best described by Langmuir isotherm adsorption model. The agro-waste materials were effective in removing iron and manganese from contaminated water.
Comparing the effects of contact duration on cow and calf performance beyond separation - a prospective cohort study
Authors: Sørby Johanne , Holmøy Ingrid H. , Nødtvedt Ane C. W. , Ferneborg Sabine , Johnsen Julie F.
Published: November 2023

Background
Consumers, the industry, and many farmers have shown increased interest in alternative management systems that allow for cow-calf contact (CCC) and this topic has become an important focus of research for a sustainable dairy industry. Among the many knowledge gaps still existing in this novel research field, there is a need for further research to investigate effects of CCC beyond the nursing period (i.e. after cow-calf separation). Moreover, multi-herd observational studies are scarce. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the within-herd effect of CCC on machine milk yield and calf growth beyond separation. In this prospective cohort study, we studied all cows and their calves (Norwegian Red breed) born between September 1st 2021 and January 31th 2022 at three Norwegian dairy farms, investigating the impact of CCC on machine milk yield and calf average daily gain (ADG) after separation of the cow-calf pair. The follow-up period was 305 d for cows and six months for calves. Machine milk yield was automatically registered at each milking and calf heart girth was measured once a month. As various contact durations emerged, they were categorized into three groups: no contact (NC 0–3 d), short duration (4–30 d) and long duration (> 30 d). Data were analyzed with linear mixed models with the individual animal as the unit of interest. For cows, days in milk (DIM) from date of separation up to 305 DIM were included in the analysis as a continuous variable. For calves, age up to 195 d was used in the statistical analysis.
Results:
We found no differences in machine milk yield across the different contact durations: cows from the long (n = 27), short (n = 51), and no contact group (n = 28) all exhibited comparable milk yields from the time of separation until the end of lactation. Furthermore, in the case of calves, no disparities in average daily gain (ADG) were identified for any of the contact durations: calves from the long (n = 38), short (n = 61), and no contact group (n = 39) displayed comparable growth during the first six months of life.
Conclusions:
Our findings indicate no negative effects of CCC on machine milk yield, nor any sustained effects on calf growth under the conditions of this study. More multi-herd observational studies conducted on-farm is needed to expand the understanding of effects of CCC on cow and calf performance after separation.