bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Method for Studying Differences in Segregation Across Time and Space
Authors: Elbers Benjamin
Published: December 2018

An important topic in the study of segregation are comparisons across space and time. This paper extends current approaches in segregation measurement by presenting a five-term decomposition procedure that can be used to understand more clearly why segregation has changed or differs between two comparison points. Two of the five terms account for differences in segregation that are due to the differing marginal distributions (e.g., the gender and occupational distributions), while one term accounts for differences in segregation due the different structure of segregation (what might be termed “pure” segregation). The decomposition thus presents a solution to the problem of margin-dependency, frequently discussed in the segregation literature. Finally, two terms account for the appearance or disappearance of units when analyzing change over time. The method can be further extended to attribute structural changes to individual units, which makes it possible, for instance, to quantify the effect of each occupation on changing gender segregation. The practical advantages of the decomposition are illustrated by two examples: a study of changing occupational gender segregation in the U.S, and a study of changing residential segregation in Brooklyn, New York City.
Randomized Clinical Trial Comparing Botulinum Toxin Injection with Nitroglycerine Ointment for Treatment of Chronic Anal Fissure
Authors: Timilsina Binaya , Agarwal C.S. , Adhikari S. , Agrawal S. , Gupta R.K.
Published: December 2018

Background and Objectives: Although surgery is the gold standard treatment for anal fissure, the main concern remains its side effects and complications in terms of permanent incontinence. In recent years, treatment of chronic anal fissure has shifted from surgical to medical. This study compares the efficacy and safety of two non-surgical treatments- botulinum toxin (BTX) injection with nitroglycerine (NTG) ointment for the treatment of chronic anal fissure.

Methods: One hundred and twelve adults were assigned randomly to receive treatment with either type A botulinum toxin (15 units) injected into internal anal sphincter or 0.2% nitroglycerine ointment applied thrice daily for 8 weeks.

Results: After 2 months, the fissures were healed in 50 (89.3%) of 56 patients in botulinum toxin group and in 39 (69.6%) of 56 patients in nitroglycerine group (P= 0.01). Seventeen (23%) patients in nitroglycerine group complained of headache while none of the patients in botulinum toxin group had any forms of adverse effects. The recurrence rate of nitroglycerine group was higher than botulinum toxin group at 3 months (4.3% in BTX vs 16.7% in NTG, P = 0.057) and at 6 months (8.5% in BTX vs 36.1% in NTG, P = 0.002).

Conclusion: Although treatment with either topical nitroglycerine or botulinum toxin is effective as an alternative to surgery for patients with chronic anal fissure, botulinum toxin is the more effective option.
Effect of Zirconium Hydrides on the mechanical behavior of cladding
Authors: Martín-Rengel M. A. , Gomez F. J. , Ruiz-Hervias J.
Published: December 2018

During some operations previous to the dry storage, which involve high temperature and hoop stress on the cladding, a part of the hydride platelets may precipitate along the radial direction. As a consequence, cladding embrittlement may occur. In this paper, the experimental techniques developed for the authors to produce hydride reorientation in unirradiated cladding are shown. Samples of fuel cladding with 150 and 500 ppm of hydrogen were prepared. Subsequently, these samples were subjected to reorientation treatments by applying high temperature (400 °C) and constant hoop stress (60, 90, 120 and 140 MPa). Finally, ring compression tests (RCT) were carried out to study the cladding embrittlement. Samples after the reorientation treatment (i.e. with radial hydrides) were subjected to RCT at 20, 135 and 300 °C and the results are discussed.
Investigations on potential methods for the long-term monitoring of the state of fuel elements in dry storage casks
Authors: Hampel U. , Kratzsch A. , Rachamin R. , Wagner M. , Schmidt S. , Fiß D. , Reinicke S.
Published: December 2018

Extended dry storage of spent nuclear fuel is a relevant issue in many countries operating nuclear power plants. Beside regulatory and security aspects there are questions with respect to the long-term integrity of the spent fuel as this is of relevance for final transportation and reloading to final waste repository casks. Within the frame of the BMWi project DCS-MONITOR, we investigate the potentials of different methods for non-intrusive monitoring of dry cask storage containers with spent nuclear fuel. These are thermography, radiation-based methods, and acoustic methods. For all of them we study the sensitivity and cross-sensitivity with respect to defined changes in the nuclear fuel distribution inside the containers. The analyses are mainly based on numerical simulations but also include some dedicated experimental studies.
Os movimentos construtivos da identidade profissional de acadêmicos de licenciatura em Educação Física
Authors: Contreira Clairton Balbueno , Krug Hugo Norberto , Krug Rodrigo de Rosso
Published: December 2018

Objetivou-se analisar os movimentos construtivos da identidade profissional dos acadêmicos de Licenciatura em Educação Físicado CEFD/UFSM. Entende-se que os "movimentos construtivos" compõem as ações que envolvem as relações pessoais/profissionais desenvolvidas pelos graduandos na busca de conhecimentos/saberes na formação da identidade profissional. A pesquisa foi qualitativa do tipo estudo de caso. Utilizou-se entrevistas com quatro acadêmicos do oitavo semestre. Concluiu-se que o curso, através do currículo formal e atividades extracurriculares como grupos de pesquisa e projetos de extensão proporcionou meios teórico-práticos que viabilizaram a compreensão dos acadêmicos sobre o que é "ser professor" e seu papel no ensino, colaborando para a formação de um profissional que estabeleceu relações próximas com a escola, sendo capaz de intervir em diversos contextos escolares.
O notório saber e a precarização da formação docente para a educação profissional
Authors: Costa Maria Adélia
Published: December 2018

Este texto trata de uma análise documental das normativas e regulamentações oficiais para a formação de professores da educação profissional (EP) e tem por finalidade refletir e problematizar a Lei nº 13.415/2017, no que tange ao favorecimento do acesso de profissionais com notório saber para “ministrar conteúdos de áreas afins à sua formação ou experiência profissional, atestados por titulação específica ou prática de ensino em unidades educacionais [...] exclusivamente para atender a formação técnica e profissional”. O objetivo dessas discussões é expressar que a supracitada lei representa um retrocesso no campo de formação de professores para a EP que desde 1909, no ir e vir das regulamentações oficiais, se faz sob a forma de programas emergenciais, fragmentados e aligeirados. Contudo, a partir de 2004 o campo de formação de professores para a EP vem se fortalecendo, apesar de ainda timidamente, no sentido de promover regulamentações para que a profissão professor possa ser exercida somente por profissionais formados em cursos de licenciaturas ou programas de formação pedagógica. Na contramão dessas normativas e perspectivas, a Lei nº 13.415/2017, possibilita reconhecer o “notório saber”, o que significa a permanência de profissionais bacharéis das mais diversas áreas atuando como docentes nos cursos da EP.
Os saberes lúdicos contextualizados na prática pedagógica da educação infantil (Bento Gonçalves/RS): um estudo de caso
Authors: Souza José Edimar de , Silveira Ana Paula
Published: December 2018

O objetivo foi analisar os modos como os saberes da ludicidade de crianças de quatro a cinco anos são contextualizados nas práticas pedagógicas docentes a partir da realidade de uma escola de Educação Infantil do município gaúcho de Bento Gonçalves/RS. A perspectiva teórica é freireana e quanto aos aspectos metodológicos estes se sustentaram no estudo de caso e na análise documental. E vale-se da técnica da entrevista com professoras para acessar os saberes das crianças. A empiria também foi produzida a partir de observações, identificando o modo como os saberes da ludicidade evidenciam-se no planejamento docente.  Para explicar os saberes e as práticas pedagógicas, apoiou-se em teóricos que ressaltam a importante questão da formação docente e da necessidade de inovação. Destaca-se no conjunto da análise que as docentes já possuem o entendimento que as atividades realizadas em folha de papel, por vezes, poderiam ser substituídas por brincadeiras que ampliam a aprendizagem.
Reflexões sobre o desenvolvimento humano na perspectiva histórico-cultural: relações e inter-relações da mediação cultural, da escola e do professor
Authors: Vitti Sylvia Cristina de Azevedo , De Azevedo Maria Alice Salvador Busato
Published: December 2018

Com base nas contribuições teóricas de Vygotsky, são apresentadas reflexões sobre o desenvolvimento dos seres humanos como seres sociais e culturais. Destaca-se a sua posição de criadores de cultura que, diferentemente dos outros animais, constituem linguagem e são constituídos pela mesma, sistema organizado de signos, que lhes dá acesso ao universo simbólico. Ressalta-se a mediação cultural nesse processo e o papel da escola como locus privilegiado para a aquisição de cultura e de conceitos científicos. Neste contexto, o professor atua como figura-chave e agente pedagógico, guiando os jovens na apropriação de conhecimentos. Escola e professor devem ser devidamente valorizados pelo seu importante papel no desenvolvimento das jovens gerações e na sua apropriação do legado histórico e cultural da civilização.
Constituir-se professor universitário: das representações sociais às práticas pedagógicas
Authors: Zaidan Lilian Araújo Ferreira , Vieira Vânia Maria de Oliveira
Published: December 2018

Este artigo apresenta os resultados de uma pesquisa quanti-qualitativa/descritiva realizada a partir do referencial teórico-metodológico da Teoria das Representações Sociais de Moscovici (2003), cujo problema e foco centra-se na ausência de uma formação inicial para a atuação na docência universitária. Buscou-se compreender como um professor do ensino superior, que não passou por uma formação inicial pedagógica, tem-se constituído professor. Para isso, aplicou-se um questionário e a técnica de associação livre de palavras tratada pelo software EVOC (Ensemble de Programmes Permettant L'annalyse des Evocations, de Vergès; versão 2002) em 80 professores de uma IES do Triangulo Mineiro, com o objetivo de identificar suas representações sociais sobre a “docência no ensino superior”. Os resultados mostram que os docentes pesquisados, por não possuírem uma formação inicial pedagógica, têm-se constituído professores, ancorados em representações sociais construídas a partir de vivências que tiveram durante a vida acadêmica e por tentativas de ensaio e erro.
Editorial v18 n39
Authors: Rodrigues Adriana
Published: December 2018

Neste número do periódico Revista Profissão Docente, no contexto de seu foco e escopo e em consonância com as Linhas de Pesquisa do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Educação da Universidade de Uberaba, apresentamos um conjunto de textos composto por treze artigos e uma entrevista. Os textos trazem, em suas relações e inter-relações com a Educação, a intenção de ampliar o diálogo sobre a formação de professores, a diversidade, as questões sobre o ensino e a aprendizagem em diferentes níveis e referenciais teóricos.
Comorbidités psychologiques et fibromyalgie — une nouvelle dimension évaluée : le sentiment d’injustice perçu. À partir d’une enquête en ligne sur 4 516 patients
Authors: Stefko-Comte L. , Guérin J. , Colin F. , Perrot S. , Coste J. , Laroche F.
Published: December 2018

La fibromyalgie (FM), pathologie douloureuse chronique fréquente, nécessite une prise en charge globale incluant les comorbidités psychologiques (CP) selon les recommandations internationales. Afin d’évaluer le retentissement de ces CP, nous avons étudié les données d’une enquête en ligne menée auprès de 4 516 patients en 2014. Notre objectif principal était d’évaluer la prévalence du sentiment d’injustice perçu (SIP) et son impact chez le sujet fibromyalgique. Il s’agit d’une étude déclarative descriptive fondée sur un autoquestionnaire comprenant 103 questions dont deux concernant précisément le SIP, réalisé sur une plateforme Internet dédiée (Association française de lutte antirhumatismale et fibromyalgie SOS). Parmi les répondants, 76 % rapportent un SIP. Il est lié à la FM pour 71,3 % d’entre eux. Il est significativement plus fréquent chez les patients souffrant de dépression (p < 0,0001) sans corrélation avec la préexistence de la dépression. Il est plus fréquent en cas d’envies suicidaires (p < 0,0001) sans différence avec le passage à l’acte. La fréquence du SIP est plus importante en cas de demande de prestations sociales (p < 0,0001), de dépenses liées à la FM (p < 0,0001) et en cas de non-reconnaissance par l’employeur (< 0,0001). Le SIP est plus important en cas de retentissement sur la vie quotidienne (p < 0,0001), et ce, dans tous les domaines. Aucune caractéristique démographique n’est associée au SIP (p = 0,1). La prévalence du SIP est importante chez les patients fibromyalgiques de notre enquête et a un fort impact. Il est donc nécessaire d’évaluer les comorbidités psychologiques et de les prendre en charge.
Aceria kuko (Kishida, 1927), (Acari: Eriophyidae) nova vrsta štetnika u fauni Makedonije i uspješnost mjera kemijske zaštite
Authors: Trajčevski Tanas
Published: December 2018

U Republici Makedoniji 2014. godine, u nasadu goji bobica (Lycium chinense Mill.) u okolici sela Krivogaštani, primjećeni su simptomi zadebljanja na listovima biljaka goji. Simptomi su uočeni samo na uvezenim sadnicama, a do današnjih dana takve pojave nisu uočene na toj kulturi na tom području. Temeljem laboratorijskih analiza moglo se zaključiti da te simptome uzrokuje grinja Aceria kuko (Kishida). Prilikom promatranja ostalih nasada ove kulture u Republici Makedoniji, teško je odrediti precizno prvo pojavljivanje ove grinje. Tijekom 2014. i 2015. provedena je zaštita biljaka i to upotrebom slijedećih akaricida i insekticida, odnosno insekto-akaricida: Alverde (metaflumizen), Ethiol prah 5 (malathion), Talstar 10 EC (bifenitrin), Perfecthion (dimetoat), Vertimec 0,18 EC (abamectin). Na temelju rezultata iz 2014. godine zaključeno je da akaricid Vertimec 0,18 EC i insekto-akaricid Ethiol prah 5 postižu najviši indeks učinkovitosti koji iznosi 76% odnosno 73,1%. Insekticid Perfecthion pokazao je nešto niži indeks učinkovitosti koji je iznosio 56,5%. Tijekom pokusa provedenog 2015. godine rezultati su pokazali da je najveću učinkovitost imao insekticid Ethiol prah 5 s indeksom učinkovitosti od 72,9%, a nešto manju učinkovitost s indeksom od 71,6% je pokazao akaricid Vertimec 0,18 EC. Alverde je pokazao najniži indeks učinkovitosti u pokusima iz 2014. i 2015. godine te je njegov indeks učinkovitosti bio 50,3% odnosno 46,0%.
La visualité exacerbée chez Georges Bataille (et Luis Buñuel) : l’image de l’œuf et ses implications obsessionnelles dans Histoire de l’œil (1928) et Un Chien andalou (1929)
Authors: Nowak-Baranowska Dorota
Published: December 2018

The aim of the study is to analyze Bataille’s Story of the Eye (1928) and Buñuel’s An Andalusian Dog (1929) as accurate examples of artworks that were broadly inspired by images from subconsciousness. Both authors are particularly fascinated by the ‘eye’ which becomes an object of obsession in their output. The ocular reference is however often replaced with the image of the egg, by the process of metonymy that has its origin in Bataille’s imagination and early compulsions. As such, both eye and egg, initially being almost divine, gradually become deformed, abject and, ultimately, annihilated. The image of eye and egg, symbolically the birth of universe, becomes paradoxal in the textual layer, as it’s constantly being deformed by obsessive thoughts from the past.
Fragments d’un discours iconographique : Poétique de l’image dans L’Empire des signes de Roland Barthes
Authors: Lyamlahy Khalid
Published: December 2018

Roland Barthes was not only a literary theorist, a critic or a semiotician. Above all, he was concerned with signs, symbols and representations which shape the everyday life and nourish both identities of the individual subject and the social group. As the world celebrates in 2015 the centenary of his birth, the question of his intellectual and literary legacies has never been more relevant. In the large scope of his works, L’Empire des signes, published in 1970 following several trips to Japan, is rather a particular piece which hinges on a specific combination of text and images. By looking at the structure of Barthes’s work and the relationship between the author’s discourse and the meanings released through the images, this paper aims to highlight the poetics of the image as a founding element in L’Empire des signes. The study of three categories of images used in the volume and their confrontation with the author’s developments shed new light on the contribution of the iconographic element towards a valuable understanding of signs and significations.
Images recadrées et pensées du détail dans « Les sentiers de la création »
Authors: Scheer Alice
Published: December 2018

Among all pictures present in Albert Skira’s series « Les sentiers de la création », the reframed ones are worth considering. A personal eye appears through the details that become their main subject. What thoughts on detail do the reframed pictures express? They show a particular way of borrowing and quoting other people’s work. The way of inserting those pictures in the text are various and sometimes, the detail seems to be diverted from its original function or meaning. How are other people’s works quoted in those books? What is at stake in pictorial quotation when, being part of an author’s reflection on his own creation, the picture passes, through reframing, from an imaginative world to another. This paper will focus on the books containing “reframed details” that is to say those written by Pierre Alechinsky, Yves Bonnefoy, Michel Butor, Octavio Paz, Gaëtan Picon, Elsa Triolet and Claude Simon.
Sur l’image qui manque à nos jours, Pascal Quignard et l’imaginaire de l’absence
Authors: Concetta La Rocca Maria
Published: December 2018

This article aims to investigate the role of the image in Quignard’s writing. Image is always present in his works, either directly, with the use of images taken from ancient art, or indirectly, thanks to the images that arise from his use of certain metaphors and expressions. In particular, here we take into consideration his Sur l’image qui manque à nos jours, in order to show how his discourse on the image takes the shape of a philosophical speculation on the missing images in our life. Indeed, for Quignard, we always live with the presence of the missing images, that is all we cannot see but we can imagine, for instance that of our conception. Moreover, the author analyses in this work four ancient images and four ancient texts. In so doing he confirms – even if partially – the Horatian formula ut pictura poesis, i.e. the link between these two forms of art. For him, the writing has the purpose of explaining the sense and the discourse that images represent. His way to present this to the readers is original and it does not belong to any other literary or artistic tradition of the past.
Em torno do nascimento da tragédia: teoria do trágico e intuição estética
Authors: Bentes André Luiz
Published: December 2018

O presente artigo pretende apresentar um recorte da filosofia da arte na Alemanha, nos séculos XVIII e XIX, tendo como foco o contexto em que se insere O nascimento da tragédia, de Nietzsche. Para isso, serão discutidos mais especificamente os conceitos de intuição estética e princípio de individuação, a partir de Schelling e Schopenhauer, respectivamente.
Niilismo e modernidade em Nietzsche
Authors: Camargo Jeovane
Published: December 2018

Face às atuais compreensões da violência, que tendem a apresentá-la sempre negativamente, a genealogia de Nietzsche permite entender que a violência também possui um caráter positivo no percurso histórico do ocidente. Ela possibilitou a instauração da civilização, na medida em que modelou um determinado tipo humano. A eticidade do costume e o direito primitivo foram mecanismos de violência e crueldade que tornaram o homem responsável, previsível e obediente às normas. Por meio da renúncia à satisfação imediata dos instintos, internalizou-se a culpa e se instituiu o homem civilizado. Mas nesse mesmo percurso cresceu e dominou o niilismo.
O ser em si e a poesia: Sartre leitor de Francis Ponge
Authors: Perius Cristiano
Published: December 2018

Tomando por fio condutor o ensaio de Jean-Paul Sartre sobre Francis Ponge, “O homem e as coisas”, publicado em Situações I, este artigo visa problematizar o lugar da poesia como “voz das coisas”, isto é, a tentativa de neutralização do para si em benefício do ser em si. Fundado na metáfora da “petrificação” poética, o efeito das imagens visa a renovação da linguagem a partir do contato originário entre as palavras e as coisas. Entre as iniciativas poéticas que merecem maior  relevo, destaca-se a valorização da antilírica e a substantivação poética centrada no poder nominativo da linguagem. O exercício poético, porém, apesar de visar “as coisas mesmas” e o que Sartre chamou de “fenomenologia materialista”, tem seus limites na própria condição humana. Pela ação de projetar-se sobre as coisas o homem visa libertar a linguagem de uso pragmático e, ao mesmo tempo, pensar o objeto sem parti pris idealista.
Uma análise do Nominalismo de Avestruz
Authors: De Alencar Valdetonio Pereira
Published: December 2018

O objetivo deste artigo é analisar criticamente o Nominalismo de Avestruz. Em primeiro lugar, apresento as teses principais dessa solução, bem como analiso se ela deve ser considerada uma solução para o problema dos universais. Apesar de argumentar que essa teoria não considera o problema dos universais um pseudoproblema, levanto uma série de problemas contra esta posição. Em geral, levantei três críticas principais. A primeira concerne ao critério quantificacional. Argumentei que esse critério apresenta problemas se interpretado como critério ontológico. Entendo que esse critério não pode ser utilizado para solucionar o problema dos universais. A segunda crítica concerne ao problema do regresso. O Nominalismo de Avestruz possui como um dos eixos centrais de sua argumentação o problema do regresso ao infinito. Argumentei, contudo, que tal problema não afeta todas as soluções relacionais. Por último, exploro uma crítica externa. Analiso a resposta de Melia ao problema dos truthmakers, levantado por Rodriguez-Pereyra.
Desejo de reconhecimento: beleza americana à luz de Hegel
Authors: Menk Tomas Farcic
Published: December 2018

Este artigo pretende fazer uma leitura do filme Beleza Americana utilizando-se da filosofia hegeliana, mais especificamente, da assim chamada dialética do senhor e do escravo. Para realizar essa tarefa dividimos nosso texto em três momentos: 1 – analisamos alguns aspectos de como se instaura uma relação entre consciências de si na vida criando, portanto, relações de dominância (senhor) e subordinação (escravo) em relações intersubjetivas. A contraposição entre os dois elementos determina que, para que haja reconhecimento, uma consciência de si deve subjugar a outra segundo sua vontade, ou seja, uma vontade é reconhecida (a do senhor) enquanto a outra é reconhecedora (a do escravo). 2 – uma apresentação de elementos centrais do filme como pano de fundo para nossa análise. 3 – tecemos um comentário do filme baseado nos elementos conceituais apresentados no item um, demonstrando como o filme pode ser compreendido como uma tentativa do protagonista de sair da indiferenciação total, estabelecer uma luta para ser reconhecido e, finalmente, sendo reconhecido em seus desejos.
A imagem do filósofo: o Teeteto de Platão e o método de Sócrates
Authors: Alencar Cesar Augusto Mathias de
Published: December 2018

Pretende-se oferecer aqui uma justificativa, tal como ela parece ter sido indicada por Platão no Teeteto, para o método de Sócrates, anunciado em Apologia como uma anthropíne sophía, capaz de avaliar os diferentes tipos de conhecimento. O recurso à imagem da maiêutica, no Teeteto, traz a representação de um aspecto desse método, posterior à refutação (élenkhos), em que o examinador ou parteiro elevam as opiniões do interlocutor até um princípio transcendente, para mostrar-lhes ou sua vacuidade ou sua solidez. Por fim, o Diálogo de Platão parece não apenas representar o método de Sócrates, mas se inspirar nele para a composição do seu discurso, que joga com a forma de fazer ver e com aquilo que se vê a partir dele.
Pensar a biopolítica a partir da teologia: contribuições de Agamben
Authors: Pin Alex G
Published: December 2018

A publicação de 2007, Homo Sacer II, 2, Il Regno e la Gloria, constitui marco na obra agambenana. Por um lado, o projeto Homo Sacer, que tinha por objetivo a genealogia do poder político, ascende a nova e decisiva dimensão: desvela o paradigma da teologia econômica, que permite explicar com maior precisão a articulação entre o reino e o governo, e os alcances do diagnóstico biopolítico. Por outro, Agamben crê haver encontrado nesse livro o arcano do poder: a glória. A concepção da política como administração, ὀιχονομία, governo no qual a onipresença da economia expande-se por todos os aspectos da vida social é índice do movimento que alcança na glória sua máxima expressão.
É possível ver imagens? (ou do porquê van Fraassen deveria rever a sua abordagem em relação a elas)
Authors: Gava Alessio
Published: December 2018

Em seu último livro (2008), Bas van Fraassen, o fundador do empirismo construtivo, propôs uma categorização das imagens em forma de tabela. O intuito dele, todavia, era discutir da realidade daquilo que essas representam e não enfrentar a questão das imagens em si. Uma das consequências é que permaneceu em aberto saber o que seriam, então, aquelas imagens que o filósofo holandês chama de alucinações públicas – reflexos na água, miragens no deserto, arco-íris, etc. Neste artigo será defendido que somente deveriam ser consideradas como imagens aquelas que o são no sentido relevante (representacional) e que, por essa e outras razões, a tabela de van Fraassen deveria ser corrigida. Ademais, como a física nos ensina, a classe das imagens que têm esse nome, mas que na verdade são objetos, é mais ampla do que van Fraassen pensa(va). O conjunto dos objetos que podem ser observados não contém somente coisas concretas, mas vai além daquilo que o ‘realismo do senso comum’ sugere. Além de pedras, oceanos, bicicletas, podemos ver também arco-íris, reflexos na água e fenômenos similares.
A divisão das belas artes: Kant e Hegel
Authors: Carvalho Zilmara de Jesus Viana de , Melonio Danielton Campos
Published: December 2018

O presente artigo aborda numa perspectiva filosófica a relação entre a divisão das artes belas propostas por Kant e Hegel. Objetiva explicitar as aproximações e distanciamentos entre a divisão das belas artes apresentadas pelos filósofos citados, apontando suas semelhanças e diferenças. Fundamenta sua análise nas obras Crítica da Faculdade do Juízo de 1790 e Cursos de Estética de 1820-21, respectivamente elaboradas por Immanuel Kant e Friedrich Hegel. Realiza uma análise comparativa entre a divisão das artes belas kantiana e hegeliana. Apresenta inicialmente a divisão das artes belas na perspectiva kantiana, abordando o conceito de arte bela, sua classificação e sua hierarquia, segundo o filósofo de Königsberg. Em seguida, expõe a divisão das artes segundo Hegel, apresentando o seu conceito de belo artístico, as formas de arte simbólica, clássica e romântica, expondo e analisando também as artes particulares de acordo com o filósofo de Stuttgart. Conclui afirmando que, apesar das diferenças entre ambas análises sobre a divisão das belas artes, tais como a defesa de Hegel em relação belo artístico e a de Kant ao belo natural, a afirmação hegeliana que há uma ciência do belo enquanto a concepção kantiana é de que não há ciência do belo, por exemplo, os filósofos em destaque concordam, entre outros aspectos, que a poesia ocupa o lugar mais alto na hierarquia das belas artes, sendo a mais livre e espiritual delas.
Circulating Molecular Chaperones in Subjects with Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment and Alzheimer’s Disease: Data from the Zabùt Aging Project
Authors: Marino Gammazza Antonella , Restivo Vincenzo , Baschi Roberta , Caruso Bavisotto Celeste , Cefalù Angelo B. , Accardi Giulia , Conway de Macario Everly , Macario Alberto J.L. , Cappello Francesco , Monastero Roberto
Published: December 2018

Molecular chaperones play essential roles in many processes such as cell differentiation, tissue homeostasis, and organ remodeling. Recent data indicate that chaperones can act as cytoprotectants for brain cells during the progression of neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer’s disease (AD). However, very few data on the levels of chaperones in dementia, including its prodromal phases, have been reported. In this study, we used biological samples and epidemiological data collected during the Zabùt Aging Project (a prospective, community-based, cohort study of normal/pathological aging conducted in Sicily, Italy, with a follow-up of ten years) to determine if there is an association between plasma levels of the chaperones Hsp60, Hsp70, and Hsp90 with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) and AD. Twenty-six aMCI individuals, 26 AD and 26 controls, matched for age and sex, were enrolled. After adjustment for education, subjects with AD showed significantly higher levels of Hsp60 than aMCI (OR = 1.16, 95% CI 1.04–1.30) and controls (OR = 1.12, 95% CI 1.03–1.22), while Hsp70 was significantly higher only in AD (OR = 1.84, 95% CI 1.09–3.10) than controls. In contrast, circulating levels of Hsp90 were significantly diminished in aMCI (OR = 0.69, 95% CI 0.52–0.91) and AD (OR = 0.51, 95% CI 0.35–0.75) compared to controls. However, these results were no longer significant after adjustment for multiple comparisons. Although the results lost significance after adjustment for multiple comparisons, they are encouraging despite the smallness of the sample and new studies should be carried out with larger populations to determine to what extent sequential measurement of serum chaperones in aMCI and AD can be trusted as indicators of disease status and progression.
Negative viscosity effects on ferrofluid flow due to a rotating disk
Authors: Ram Paras , Bhandari Anupam
Published: December 2018

In this problem, negative viscosity effects are presented on the ferrofluid flow due to a rotating disk. An alternating magnetic field does not single out any direction of the flow but it changes the angular velocity of the particles relative to the vorticity of the flow. The frequency dependent relative magnetization and the angular velocity of the particles are studied here for various dimensionless parameters. Components of ferrofluid velocity and pressure profile are compared with the ordinary case where the frequency of an alternating magnetic field matches with relaxation of magnetization resulting in no effect of negative viscosity on the shear viscosity. The nonlinear coupled differential equations involved here are solved numerically by Shooting Method and the results are graphically expressed.
Complex problem domain based local Petrov-Galerkin meshless method for electromagnetic problems
Authors: He Wei , Liu Zehui , Hutchcraft W. Elliott , Gordon Richard K. , Zhang Ruiqiang , Yang Fan
Published: December 2018

In this paper, an improved MLPG method has been introduced to simplify the algorithm and thus make it more suitable for dealing with engineering problems with complex domains. In the case of a complex domain with an irregular global boundary, it can be very hard to determine the intersections between the local sub-domains and the global boundary. The improvements of the MLPG method make the MLPG method only require the domain integrations. The intersections between local sub-domains and the global boundary as well as boundary integrations have been avoided. A rectangular problem domain and a circular problem domain with exact solutions have been studied in this paper to investigate the accuracy of the improved MLPG method. The results show that compared to the regular MLPG method, the improved MLPG method can have the same accuracy, but the improved method is much easier to deal with irregular boundaries or complex problem domains.
Multiple-band waveguide based band-stop filter
Authors: Patel Amit , Kosta Y.P.
Published: December 2018

This paper presents a novel transversal coupling network for the design of multiple-band bandstop filters. In this proposed structure, multiple-band bandstop filter is design based on amalgamated (conductive and dielectric material) posts coupled rectangular waveguide to demonstrate the feasibility of proposed network. We have proposed two structures using four metallic windows placed at the corners of triangle inside a waveguide and symmetrical dielectric material posts placed at the center of the triangle made by metallic posts. By inserting dielectric post, the results are improved. The structures are simulated with Ansoft's finite-element High Frequency Structure Simulator tool and its equivalent circuit of Ansoft designer to demonstrate the characteristics of this notch filter using a rectangular waveguide with center frequency of 11.2 GHz. The proposed structure using amalgamated post is fabricated and tested using the Vector Network Analyzer and obtained results compared with the simulated results.
Electro-magnetic waves in generalized thermo-viscoelasticity for different theories
Authors: Ezzat Magdy A. , El-Karamany Ahmed S. , El-Bary Alaa A.
Published: December 2018

Some mathematical models of the equations of generalized magneto-thermo-viscoelasticty for isotropic media are given. The formulation is applied to each generalization of the Lord- Shulman theory, the Green-Lindsay theory and the Chandrasekharaiah and Tzou theory as well as to the coupled theory. The state space approach is adopted for the solution of problems in the absence or presence of heat sources. The Laplace-transform technique is used. A numerical method is employed for the inversion of the Laplace transforms. Numerical results for the stress distribution are given and illustrated graphically for each problem. Comparisons are made with the results predicted by the four theories.
Electromagnetic absorption characteristics of a functionally graded wave-absorbing infinite thin plate
Authors: Tian Hongyan , Wang Xingzhe , Zhou You-He
Published: December 2018

This paper presents a solution to an inhomogeneous problem of electromagnetic wave propagation through a functionally graded wave-absorbing(FGWA) infinite thin plate. The FGWA plate compounded by dielectric and magnetic materials has an arbitrary inhomogeneity through its thickness. The characteristics of the electromagnetic wave absorption and the temperature field due to the heat energy arising from electromagnetic wave absorption in the plate are analyzed. The results demonstrate that the electromagnetic wave absorption properties have been significantly improved for the gradient absorbing plate in comparison with the homogeneous one. With the proper gradient distribution design of material properties, the FGWA plate shows good performance on the lower reflection and high absorption.
Nonlinear magnetic field analysis for 3D electromagnetic contactors
Authors: Shu Liang , Wu Guichu , Zhu Xiangou , Chen Dingfang , Zhao Sheng
Published: December 2018

A new approach considering the nonlinearity of the electric core is proposed to analyze the magnetic field and magnetic force of 3D electromagnetic contactors. The nonlinear constitutive law is established by measuring the B-H curve of the core experimentally. Finite element method is used to model the electromagnetic responses of the system, in which the 3D Ampère's circuital law is implemented in PDE weak form. In order to analyze the nonlinear responses of the magnetic field and magnetic force, the measured constitutive law is incorporated with the weak form equation by numerical interpolation. Both the static and transient responses of the electromagnetic system are studied by solving the coupled weak form equations step by step. Experimental results show that the proposed model has good predictions of the magnetic force. The saturation due to the nonlinearity of the B-H curve can be described as well. This modeling framework offers an advantage to solve the nonlinear responses of 3D electromagnetic systems without theoretical modeling the complex constitutive law of the electric core.
Neural network-DFT based model for magnetostrictive hysteresis
Authors: Abdelmadjid Nouicer , Elamine Nouicer , Mouloud Feliachi
Published: December 2018

The magnetic behavior of materials is highly sensitive to the applied stress, which is subject of this paper. In magnetostrictive materials, the relationship B(H) is strongly related to the applied mechanical stresses. The purpose of this paper is to present a simple method to identify this relation for any value of stress σ. The proposed approach is based on the knowledge of the magnetic flux density spectrum for different stress σ. So, a feed-forward neural network is trained to learn the relation between the rank of harmonics, stress and the amplitude of each harmonic. To construct the hysteresis loop for a new value of the stress σ, the neural network predicts the spectrum of the magnetic flux density B, which is transformed back to the time domain.
Design method for three-dimensional external electromagnetic cloaks
Authors: Taravati Sajjad
Published: December 2018

In this article, design method of 3-dimensional external cloak based on the coordinate transformation theory has been studied. The relative constitutive parameters of the complementary media and the core material of the external cloak are derived. In the proposed external cloak, the cloaked object is not blinded within the cloaking shell because it's located outside of the cloak and can communicate with the outer region while the object is hides from electromagnetic waves incident from different angles. Full-wave simulations in three dimension domain with both plane and spherical wave irradiations for cloaking homogeneous and inhomogeneous objects have been carried out to verify the efficiency of the proposed 3-D external cloak.
A new model of rotor eccentricity in induction motors considering the local air-gap over-flux concentration
Authors: Ghoggal Adel
Published: December 2018

This paper proposes a novel analytical model of air-gap eccentricity in induction motors (IMs) by allowing teeth saturation due to the local air-gap over-fluxing to be taken into account. The approach takes into account the magnetic saturation by means of a fictive permeance variation while supposing that, under air-gap eccentricity conditions, the saturation factor must be revaluated in function of the varying air-gap length. The well-known 2D-modified winding function approach (2D-MWFA) is used to get the formalism of the inductances by assuming a partial uniform rise of the saturation factor with respect to the air-gap length. We show that applying the new approach confirms that the magnetic saturation reduces the asymmetry of the air-gap flux distribution due to rotor eccentricity. In contrast to the harmonic and flux models, the proposed one allows us to proceed with a full dynamic simulation without any need for the experimental data. Thanks to a fast convolution-based technique of inductance calculation, we demonstrate that the 2D-MWFA preserves its major qualities even with these new extensions. The study is supported by simulation and experimental results.
Investigation on comprehensive performance of the EFI by MIM technology
Authors: Guo Hui , Wang Yansong , Wen Quan
Published: December 2018

Metal Injection Molding (MIM) technology is introduced into the EFI production processing. Magnetic circuit of the EFI is designed, and three different kinds of EFI samples are manufactured. Through comparisons of simulation and experiments, the comprehensive performance of one EFI sample, which is made of Fe-based nanocrystalline soft magnetic alloy by MIM technology, is found to be obviously better than that of others, which are made of traditional material and processing. The dynamic response times of opening and closing are respectively shorter by 32.5% and 62.2%, and the dynamic flow range is wider by 8.3%.
Novel design of compact microstrip lines fed wideband metallic contact annular stacked patch antenna for GNSS application
Authors: Li Xi , Yang Lin , Wang Min
Published: December 2018

A novel design of wideband metallic contact annular stacked patch antenna is presented for global navigation satellite system (GNSS) in this letter. The wideband characteristic is achieved by employing L-probe coupled feeding structure. The antenna is fed by four-output-ports feeding network composed of three normal Wilkinson power dividers. As a result, the antenna has an effective bandwidth of 54.8% from 1.1 to 1.93 GHz for VSWR< 2, and 42.9% from 1.1 to 1.7 GHz for AR < 3 dB respectively, which is sufficiently enough to operate for the satellite navigation frequencies including GPS, GLONASS, Galileo and Compass(1100 MHz–1600 MHz). Metallic contact annular stacked patch is introduced in this design to obtain stable gain bandwidth, broad beam width and good axial ratio at low elevation. The final antenna provides very good circularly polarized radiation for GNSS.
Modeling of an SMA actuator based on the Liang and Rogers model
Authors: Li Junfeng , Harada Hiroyuki
Published: December 2018

The purpose of this study is to develop a complete mathematical model of a thick shape memory alloys (SMA) actuator based on the Liang and Rogers model. Due to hysteresis and significant nonlinearities in the behavior of shape memory alloy actuators, the modeling of SMA actuators has been a great challenge in recent years, which limit the application of these actuators. In this paper, a new model is used to represent the major and minor hysteresis loops of SMA actuator based on the Liang and Rogers model. The modified Liang and Rogers model of SMA wire actuated by an electric current is derived and several experiments are used to validate the model and to identify the parameters. A key feature of the proposed model is to predict the martensite starting temperature of minor loops. This model can be used to develop a position control system for the SMA actuator. Simulation results for the model are found to be in good agreement with experimental data.
Investigation of eddy current losses reduction in permanent magnets machines with slots skew optimization and demagnetization effect analysis
Authors: Belli Zoubida , Mekideche Mohamed Rachid
Published: December 2018

The aim of this study is to analyze and investigate some techniques to reduce eddy current losses in permanent magnets. First, a model using Maxwell's equations to analyze eddy current in permanent magnets is presented. Second, the effect of magnet circumferential segmentation on the eddy current losses in case of a surface mounted permanent magnets synchronous machine is investigated. A simple analysis of magnet demagnetization due to its eddy current losses is also studied. In a third step, second technique for reducing eddy current losses is presented. It relates to the stator slots skew, where the best skewing angle is obtained by means of an optimization process using genetic algorithm. A 2D nonlinear finite elements code is developed to achieve the purposes of the presented work.
The critical impact velocity of light flash created by strong shock natural dolomite plate
Authors: Tang Enling , Xu Hongjie , Wang Meng , Zhang Qingming , Li Zhiqiu , Xiang Shenghai , Yang Minghai
Published: December 2018

In order to study the critical collision speed of light flash generated by strong shock natural dolomite plate, we use optical fiber transient pyrometer combined with the two-stage light gas gun loading system, the strong shock experiments were performed under four kinds of experimental conditions. Each experiment used 1 set of optical fiber probe, and optical fiber probe is installed directly at the collision point. The relationships between light flash intensity and time are obtained through the experimental original data and calibration. The experimental results show that the light flash intensity gradually weaken with collision speed decreasing under the given experimental and optical fiber probe arranged at the incident angle of 45° and the wavelength range of 550–700 nm. Finally, the critical impact velocity of light flash produced by strong shock dolomite plate is between 1.6 and 1.7 km/s.
Rapid computation model for accurate evaluation of electromagnetic interference shielding effectiveness of fabric with hole based on equivalent coefficient
Authors: Wang Xiuchen , Liu Zhe , Zhou Zhong
Published: December 2018

Though electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding fabric with rectangular hole has wide application in various fields, there is not a mature approach to calculate its shielding effectiveness (SE) at present. This paper constructs a rapid computation model of the SE of the EMI shielding fabric with hole based on equivalent coefficient. Firstly, the rectangular hole characteristic is analyzed and a structure model of the rectangular hole under the consideration of the hole edge characteristic is described. The equivalent relationship between the fabric hole and the standard hole is presented according to the equivalent theory. The rapid computation model of the SE of the EMI shielding fabric with hole is built including the equivalent coefficient and transmission coefficient according to the EMI shielding theory and the method to determine the equivalent coefficient is also given. Finally, the computation model is verified by experiments. The results show that the accuracy and the computational efficiency of the proposed model are good, and the model can be applied to the fabrics with wide weaves and various rectangular hole sizes.
Adaptive de-icing system – numerical simulations and laboratory experimental validation
Authors: Mlyniec Andrzej , Ambrozinski Lukasz , Packo Pawel , Bednarz Jaroslaw , Staszewski Wieslaw J. , Uhl Tadeusz
Published: December 2018

The performance of many mechanical structures highly depends on weather conditions in region of operation. One of the main limiting factors of their performance in cold regions is the icing process. Icing of structures can be a reason of mechanical and electrical failures and can be dangerous for people working closely to, for instance, rotating wind turbine blades. To prevent de-icing process an inspection system informing about the possibility of collecting ice on surface of operating structures is of particular interest. The following work considers a numerical modeling approach and experimental investigations of the ice detection and de-icing process. The proposed numerical model is based on the cohesive-zone approach used to simulate the delamination at the ice/aluminum interface. Model parameters are specified in terms of fracture energy as a function normal and shear deformation at the interface. A linear elastic traction separation law prior to damage and progressive degradation of the material stiffness after failure is assumed. The ice detection and removal is accomplished by ultrasonic waves excited by the piezoelectric transducers. The experimental results for aluminum plate with ice layers are presented. The results confirmed possibility of icing identification by means of piezoelectric transducers, although ice removal effectiveness depends on the thickness of ice layers. Finally, a proposal of a new deicing adaptive system is given.