bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
FEATURES OF IMMUNE STATUS IN ADOLESCENTS WITH COXARTHROSIS
Authors: Chepeleva M. V. , Teplenky M. P.
Published: October 2016

Purpose: To Study immune status in patients with coxarthrosis consequent to treatment of congenital hip dysplasia and Perthes' disease as well as to determine additional variables indicating arthrosis progression.Materials and methods: The authors analyzed results of preoperative immune examination of 13 male patients aged 11,4±0,7 years (10-13) with coxarthrosis of type I-II developed consequently to treatment of hip dysplasia and Perthes' disease. Based on obtained anatomical and functional outcomes the authors divided the patients into two groups. First group included 8 patients with postoperative improvement of joint function and absence of disease progression. Second group (5 patients) was featured by functional deterioration and arthrosis advancing.Results: Patients of the second group demonstrated statistically significant elevation in certain parameters of humoral (circulating immune complex) and cellular immunity (CD3+HLA-DR (%), CD3+HLA-DR (109/l)) as well as interleukin-6.Conclusion: Obtained results have proven that initial immune parameters (IL-6, circulating immune complex, lymphocytes with activation markers) can be used as additional variables for decision making in regard to option and advisability of reconstructive joint preserving procedures in patients with coxarthrosis consequent to treatment of hip dysplasia and Perthes' disease.
Optimal Management of a Virtual Power Plant
Authors: Jigoria-Oprea Dan , Vuc Gheorghe , Litcanu Marcela
Published: October 2016

Deregulation of energy market led to the development of flexible and efficient framework for energy trading by energy companies in a competitive environment. Both deregulation and the concern towards environment issues increased the number of small and medium renewable power plants distributed in the network. The variability of renewable energy sources and the lack of their central monitoring led to new challenges concerning power system operation. The idea of aggregation for distributed energy sources led to the concept of virtual power plant, which determines a better control of production units but also a better visibility for the system operator. In this paper, the authors propose an optimal management solution which can offer a virtual power plant the capability to sell complete services, both for production and demand side management, by decreasing the necessary reserve for balance.
Influência da temperatura e nutrientes selecionados no isolamento de salmonela de espécies clínicas
Authors: Albuquerque Átilla Holanda de , Lopes Elisangela de Souza , Teixeira Régis Siqueira de Castro , Machado Débora Nishi , Vasconcelos Ruben Horn , Bezerra Windleyanne Gonçalves Amorim , Mendonça Sanjay Veiga , Maciel William Cardoso
Published: October 2016

This study aimed to review the use of enrichment media for different sample types and to clarify which is the best medium and temperature of incubation processing for the isolation of Salmonella. Isolation is divided in five steps: pre–enrichment, selective enrichment, plating, biochemical identification and serotyping. The most common enrichment media are Selenite Cystine (SC), Tetrathionate (TT), Rappaport - Vassiliadis (RV) broths, and their derivatives, withthe addition or not of Novobiocin. TT broth presents a good efficiency in fecal samples of experimentally inoculated birds when incubated between 35 and 45°C, except when there is a low concentration of Salmonella. SC broth presents a good performance with fecal samples and chicken carcasses cultivated in a temperature varying between 37 and 43 ºC, as well as to identify samples withlow cell concentrations. The RV broth when used in samples of rectal swabs from cattle are not effective, however, when used withsamples of chicken or turkey carcasses, and analysis on eggs, or with samples with elevated microbial load, at a temperature of 42oC,present great results. The choice of the most suitable enrichment medium and the incubation temperature of the broth for isolation of Salmonella will directly depend on the type of sample to be processed, since each medium will provide better accuracy in different circumstances.
MANAJERIAL KEPALA SEKOLAH DALAM MENINGKATKATKAN KINERJA GURU PADA SEKOLAH MENENGAH KEJURUAN (SMK) NEGERI 2 SINABANG KABUPATEN SIMEULUE
Authors: Taswir Taswir
Published: October 2016

School head master managerial is one things must be conducted systematically and continuously in order to improve the competence and the skill in carrying out the duty to reach the national education goal. The purpose of this study is to describe the school head master managerial at state vocational school SMK 2 Sinabang. This study uses descriptive qualitative approach, and the data collection techniques were observations, interviews, and documentations. The subjects of the research were: school head master, school administration chairman, and the deputy of the school head master. The results shows (1) the school head master’s ability in developing planning programs is formulated by school head master which was started at new school year academic such as supervising, assessing the teacher’s performance, involving the teachers on the trainings, giving extra tasks for some teachers such as vice school headmaster, department chairman, lab chairman, supervisors, and librarian, teachers for training, distribution of additional duties for teachers as a representative example principal, head of department, head of the laboratory, supervisor, and manager of the library; (2) the strategies undertaken by the school head master in teacher performance implementation were: guiding teachers in arranging lesson plan, applying teaching model variation, giving motivation, engaging teachers in some training activities and refreshment courses, and giving the opportunities to the teachers to pursue their study, activating MGMPs activity and KKG forum at school; (3) The impact of the coaching process being carried out by the school head master to improve the teacher performance, will be seen from the teacher changing attitude to be better, namely, the ability of the teacher in setting the plan, implement, and evaluate the teaching–learning process; (4) the constraints being faced in improving the professional capability of teachers among others are: funding problem, timing, and the limitation of the human resources as an instructor/ trainer in the field of vocational, as well as limited training/refresher courses held in conjunction to the professional upgrading of teachers.
KEPEMIMPINAN KEPALA MADRASAH DALAM MENINGKATKAN KINERJA GURU PADA MAN MODEL BANDA ACEH
Authors: Yusnidar Yusnidar
Published: October 2016

School head master is one of factors in encouraging the school to reach its vision, mission, aim and target through the planned implemented program. The aim of the study is to know the leadership of the head master of the school in improving the teachers’ commitment, work motivation and obstacles experiencing by the school head master in improving the teachers’ performance at MAN Model Banda Aceh. The study used descriptive method. The data collection techniques were observations, interviews, and documentations. The subjects of this research were the head master of the school and the teachers of MAN Model Banda Aceh. The data analysis of this qualitative analysis shows that: (1) the leadership of the head master of the school in improving working commitment is through empowerment of the training teacher in accordance with their field, class supervision evaluation and interns routinely madrasah supervision, and give reward to outstanding teacher; ( 2 ) the school head master leadership in improving work motivation is through professionalism work guiding, evaluate the teacher learning program, consensus agreement in time discipline, and intern cooperation with the school head master and guiding teachers; (3) the head master leadership in improving discipline is through applying self discipline of school head master in order to be followed by teachers as the discipline being conducted by the school head master in fully self awareness without any coercion; (4) the obstacles faced by the school head master in improving the teacher performance is because of time restriction in carrying out classroom supervision, guiding professional teachers and evaluate the teachers teaching-learning process, as well as restricted fund allocation in MAN Model Banda Aceh.
PENGARUH MOTIVASI KERJA DAN KEMAMPUAN MENGAJAR GURUTERHADAP PRESTASI BELAJAR SISWA PADA GUGUS IISEKOLAH DASAR KECAMATAN KEBAYAKAN KABUPATEN ACEH TENGAH
Authors: Fatmasari Fatmasari
Published: October 2016

Motivation is one of the superior tools in order subordinate willing to work hard and smart in accord with the goal. If there is one achieve his or her motivation, then he or she tend to be continuously motivated. On the other hand, if there is one often fail to reach his or her motivation, then he or she keep preserving and keep make effort and pray till his or her motivation be reached or becomes hopeless. This study is aimed at knowing if there is a significant relationship between work motivation and teacher teaching ability toward the students’ achievement in Gugus II Primary School, Kebayakan Sub-district, Aceh Tengah. This study uses a quantitative approach with descriptive methods. The populations of the study were all the teachers and students at Gugus II Primary School Kebayakan sub-district, Aceh Tengah. The samples of the study were 31 teachers and 31 students. The results of this study indicate that the first hypothesis that there is a positive effect on work motivation with student achievement (rx1y = 0.670), second, there is a positive effect of the teachers teaching ability on the student achievement (rx2y = 0.691), there are three positive influence on work motivation and teachers teaching ability upon the achievement (rx1x2 = 0.856). The simultaneous analysis indicates that work motivation and the teachers teaching ability could affect the students’ achievement. Out of motivation variable hypothesis on the teacher high teaching ability has a significant influence on students’ achievement in Gugus II Primary School, Kebayakan sub-district, Aceh Tengah
تعليــم اللغة العربية في مدرســة المـــالك الصـــالح العــالية الإسـلامية الحــــكومية بـلكسؤماوى
Authors: Hawani Januar
Published: October 2016

One of the obligations that must be undertaken by students of College of Islamic Studies (STAIN) Malikussaleh Lhokseumawe, is to study Arabic course. The problem encountered in teaching Arabic is the difference between curriculum applied from students’ abilities. The purpose of this study is: to find out about the curriculum used in teaching Arabic at STAIN Malikussaleh Lhokseumawe، knowing the school's efforts to progress in teaching Arabic at STAIN Malikussaleh Lhokseumawe and find out the problems faced by the teachers in promoting learning Arabic in STAIN Malikussaleh Lhokseumawe. The results of this study are: (1) Teaching Arabic at STAIN Malikussaleh Lhokseumawe is using “Al-‘Arabiyyah Lak 1” dan “Al-‘Arabiyyah Lak 2”. However, most teachers do not employ suitable methods and medias. Some students said that teachers do not use the media, but the board and textbooks. (2) The effort to improve learning Arabic at STAIN Malikussaleh Lhokseumawe requires teachers to use appropriate methods and media in teaching and learning. (3) The problems faced by teachers are quite related to teaching materials that do not match with students’ ability. Furthermore, only few teachers who apply research methods and use of the learning media. Keywords: Keywords:
تطبيق طريقة الغناء والصور بمدرسة نور القران لمفنروت اتشيه
Authors: Alfi Syahrina Khuzaimah
Published: October 2016

The aims of the research are to identify the process of using picture and singing method in teaching vocabulary; to identify students’ responses toward the use of picture and singing method in teaching vocabulary; and to identify the effectiveness of using picture and singing method in teaching vocabulary at SDIK Nurul Quran. The process of using picture and singing methods was achieved by providing several songs and displaying pictures related to the material to be learned and the teacher avoided to give translation in the students’ native language (Bahasa Indonesia). Finally, the test result showed that t-score t= 5.037 was higher than t- table t= 1.684 (0.05) = 99.9% (0.001) which indicated that using picture and singing methods for the first grade “Al-Falaq” students of SDIK Nurul Quran was effective Keywords: Singing Method; Picture; Vocabulary
ترقية تعليم مهارة الكلام بالرسوم المتحركة على التلاميذ بمعهد دار العلوم العصري بندا أتشيه
Authors: Oktariana Mikyal
Published: October 2016

Mahārah kalām (speaking skills) is a part of skills that highly considered in learning Arabic at Pesantren Darul Ulum Banda Aceh. It encourages students to practice speaking Arabic on a daily basis both in the classroom and outside. Based on pre observations, there are many students who are unable to speak or communicate in Arabic. Most of them feel tired and bored to learn Arabic due to media being used that does not match with the learning process, while some of them do not practice using Arabic in daily conversation. Based on this situation, the author conducted research using animation media to improve learning speaking skills at the school using action research approach. The results of this study show that the continuity of the learning process with the media is very effective in improving the language proficiency particularly speaking skills. Furthermore, they are also delighted with the use of animation media in the learning process. Keywords: Learning Arabic; Speaking Skills; Animation Media
تنمية مهارة الطلبة في الإنشاء بالصور المتسلسلة: دراسة تجريبية بمعهد المنار العصري
Authors: Azizah Azizah
Published: October 2016

Arabic writing is an important subject that must be studied by fifth grade students at Al-Manar boarding school. However, many students were bored and less motivated to participate in the teaching learning process of the lesson. The main cause of this problem is due to the use of traditional methods in teaching. Teachers do not use media when deliver the lesson, besides there is no particular handbook. Moreover, the lack of students’ motivation is another problem faced by the teacher in teaching learning process. Some students feel bored with traditional methods used, and even some of them do not understand the meaning of words because their shortcoming in memorization and Arabic grammar skill (qawā’id). Based on the this problem, this experimental research implements picture series to develop the students’ abilities and motivations in the learning process of composing lesson. The results of this study show that the use of picture series in teaching insyā’ has positive impact in developing competency and motivation of fifth grade students at Al-Manar boarding school. Mengarang merupakan materi pembelajaran yang penting dipelahari oleh siswa kelas lima di Pesantren Modern Al-Manar, dan proses belajar mengajar pada materi ini membosankan dan tidak termotivasi. Penyebab utama dalam masalah ini adalah guru menggunakan metode tradisional dalam mengajar, tidak menggunakan media pembelajaran bervariasi, dan tidak ada buku pegangan. Adapun masalah yang dihadapi guru adalah lemahnya minat murid dan perhatiannya dalam pembelajaran mengarang dalam bahasa Arab (insyā’), karena murid merasa bosan dengan metode tradisional yang digunakan guru saat mengajar. Sebagian siswa justru tidak memahami arti kata atau pola dasarnya. Hal ini disebabkan minimnya penguasaan kosa kata siswa dan lemahnya penguasaan ilmu tata bahasa (Qawā’id). Dalam penelitian berikut peneliti mengajar insyā’ dengan menggunakan gambar berseri. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pembelajaran dengan menggunakan gambar berseri efektif meningkatkan kemampuan siswa dalam mengarang bahasa Arab dan mempunyai pengaruh yang positif untuk meningkatkan motivasi siswa kelas lima di Pesantren Modern Al-Manar.
PERAN MEDIA PENDIDIKAN DALAM MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN BAHASA ARAB SISWA MADRASAH
Authors: Azhari Azhari
Published: October 2016

Instructional media are used to deliver instructional contents. They can be in the forms of book, tape recorder, cassette, video camera, video recorder, film, photo, picture, graphics, television, and computer. They act as learning sources or physical tools that contained instructional materials to stimulate people to learn. The result of the research done in islamic senior high school, MAN Model Banda Aceh showed that the use of audio media could improve students’ achievement and the ability to write arabic language. Using visual media in writing could improve their achievement in writing as it relies on students’ imagination. Furthermore, from audio visual media, students could have new experience and motivate them to study arabic language.
IMPLEMENTASI KONSEP TA’DĪB DALAM PENDIDIKAN ISLAM UNTUK MEWUJUDKAN SISWA BERKARAKTER
Authors: Ulfah Maria
Published: October 2016

The concept of education according to Islamic perspective, whether formal, informal, or non formal education, basically not only intended to give students knowledge or skills, but also to make them having social and spiritual quotients. It is that will make them to be excellent persons (insān kāmil). According to the philosophy of islamic education there are three terms denote the meaning of education i.e tarbiyah, ta’līm and ta’dīb. The last term is more appropriate to use, since covers knowledge and values to be transfered to students.
MASALAH ONTOLOGI DALAM KAJIAN KEISLAMAN
Authors: Sabil Jabbar
Published: October 2016

Some muslim scholars offer the project of Islamization of Knowledge in order to undertake the development of Islamic studies. However, this offer was rejected by some others on the grounds that it is closely related problem of the ontological foundation of science, which is the basic assumption of the material object. As a result of Islamization science project is considered insignificant by Islamic parties offering Islamization of science. This problem might have been solved by answering the problems on the ontology in Islamic studies in order to obtain a moderate perspective. This paper discuses it by using the philosophical approach of critical rationalism (metaphysical realism), and use deductive method to do falsification test. This study found that ontology is the reality of Islamic studies in the form of text: 1) the physical reality of the text of the Quran; 2) the metaphysical reality of the Quranic texts. The value of both texts reality applied into the pure science so it is integrated with Islamic studies. Then the findings of pure intellect sciences are accepted as a source of knowledge to understand the text, so that the study of Islamic sciences will be connected to pure science.
JAMINAN DALAM PEMBIAYAAN PADA PERBANKAN SYARIAH DI INDONESIA (Analisis Jaminan Pembiayaan Musyarakah dan Mudarabah)
Authors: Maulana Muhammad
Published: October 2016

The collateral is required to protect Islamic banks from the risk of non-performing financing and other financial lost that maight be caused by moral hazard of debtors. There must be a collateral in the form of tabî'iyah contract whether in kafalah or rahn form in order to secure the position of debtors losers action. In fact, Islamic banks have a mandate to manage customer funds with the prudential principle that creditors are able to generate profits that can be shared with creditors. Although the use of rahn and kafalah contract are not well-known in the implementation of musyarakah and mudarabah contract, using the theory of freedom of contract all the parties can still contract in the main of dictum because the basic principle of contract is permitted in fikih muamalat during the contract or requirement that are made do not contradict with shari'a. The presence of security systems in the theory of musyarakah and mudarabah doesn’t mean to prohibit using the guarantee, because the use of musyrakah and mudarabah contract in fikih muamalat is still carried out on the basis of personal trust between the parties. The existence of the guarantee in the contract of mudarabah and musyarakah are good effort to promote preventive measures using sadd al-zarî'ah pattern so that the funds of creditors which should be protected in according with the concept of maqāsid syarîah should be protected because it is in dharūry level.
WAKAF TUNAI MENURUT PANDANGAN FIQH SYĀFI‘IYAH DAN FATWA MAJELIS ULAMA INDONESIA NO.2 TAHUN 2002 TENTANG WAKAF UANG
Authors: Kamal Mustafa
Published: October 2016

This study discusses the cash waqf according to Syāfi‘iyah school and the Fatwa according to the Indonesian Ulema Council (MUI). The problem questions that want to be answered through this research are related to the notion of waqf in the view Syāfi‘iyah and MUI, cash waqf law in perspective and rationale Syāfi‘iyah against fatwa MUI and the cash endowments, as well as the understandingof cash waqf arguments. From this study, it is found that the MUI fatwa stipulates that charitable money is permissible or legal, while Syāfi‘iyah assumed that it is illegitimate. MUI underlying consideration in the opinion of Ḥanafī schools that allow endowments dirhams and dinars on the basis of istiḥsān bi al-'urf. Furthermore, according to the principle syafi'iyah waqf object is to be the principal eternal object or substance (baqā' 'aynih), which is not destroyed after use. Whereas money can be destroyed like food.
PRAKTEK GALA UMONG (GADAI SAWAH) DALAM PERSPEKTIF SYARI’AH (STUDI KASUS DI DESA GAMPONG DAYAH SYARIF KECAMATAN MUTIARA KABUPATEN PIDIE PROVINSI ACEH)
Authors: Safrizal Safrizal
Published: October 2016

Gala umong (pawn) has been practiced among Acehnese society until nowadays, whether in urban ur rural areas. This research is aimed at seeing whether the practice of gala umong among acehnese society fulfills the requirements of Islamic shari’a. The result of the study shows that the practice of rice field pawn seing through the Islamic pillars and requirementson pawn has not met the terms of the pillars and rahn or Pawn. The unfulfill practice of pawn can be seen that the unclear statement of the returning deadline that must be conduted by the user. It creates the misunderstandings amongst the parties which finally bring about the hostility among societal members. Another thing which is not in accordance with the rules is that the contract of rahn utilization of Marhuun (collateral), in this case is a productive rice land which is used by the murtahin (pawn recipient). If it is neglected, then the ricest men will use their wealth only for the sake of getting guarantee pawm from the poor for the ongoing investment. As a result, the poor will be more poor as they could not utilize their productive wealth and the ricest will be more rice as plentiful harvest marhūn utilize. Thus, the practice of Gala Umongwhich is practiced at Dayah Sharif village, Pidie sub-district, Aceh province, is not in accordance with Shariah.
PENDISTRIBUSIAN ZAKAT PRODUKTIF DALAM PERSPEKTIF ISLAM
Authors: Zalikha Siti
Published: October 2016

The obligation on charity and explanation of the law has been emphasized since the days of Mecca,the strongest opinion in the second year Hijr. However, the occurrence of major changes in the world that followed the revolution of science, technology, political and economic structure, made the concept of wealth and poverty is changing dramatically in which legal paradigm is no longer sufficient to carry out the teachings of charity in society. Hence, it is needed the criticism and evaluation of understanding and perception of charity, both on theoretical concepts and operational concepts, as well as implementation and application models. This study discuss the criticism to rebuild the whole concept of charity, comprehensive and precise with a variety of related concepts, including the concept of property and ownership, economy and fairness in various dimensions.
PEMUSNAHAN BARANG ILEGAL DI ACEH DALAM PERSPEKTIF UNDANG-UNDANG NO. 17 TAHUN 2006 DAN HUKUM ISLAM
Authors: Elfida Cut
Published: October 2016

Today the entrance and exit of illegal goods in a country is often the case, including Indonesia. This is contrary to the customs law No. 17 of 2006, as amendments to the law No. 10 of 1995. If the imported goods do not meet the requisite as stipulated in the customs law, the goods are said as illegal goods. Genesis in the field to the treatment of illegal goods destroyed by burning, or by enterning in the warehouse with a long time which causes demage to the goods, and then destroyed. Problems and purposes of this study is to know how the market effect that occurs when the entry of illegal goods in a market’s mechanism, and to know the benefit of the concept being taught in Islam to the treatment of illegal goods are allowed substance. In this study the authors used a case study method with a qualitative research approach. The result showed that there was no market effects occur very losers against the entry of illegal goods, because not so much to get in or not completed recorded by authorities. Therefore, by looking at the fact that the authorities to the treatment of illegal goods such as illegal onions and sugar to put in a warehouse with a long time and then destroyed, or directly burn it, so that’s way is the redundant, because there are still other ways that are benefit of it, such as submitting to Baitul Mal if the owner did not take care. So, Baitul Mal became a guardian on illegal goods and the results are given to requiring people’s as contained in the Qanun No. 10 of 2007 on the Baitul Mal and fatwa’s MPU (Ulama’s Consultative Assembly), to sell at a cheaper price than the market price if the buyers are less able or it’s free to them, or with the market price if the buyers are general public.
The Platonic conception and the limits of language: A Gadamerian interpretation of Dogen’s “Mountains and waters as sutras”
Authors: Djurkovic Nikola
Published: October 2016

Ovaj rad polazi od pretpostavke Gadamerove hermeneutike da neko delo treba da
izrazava kompletnu istinu, i testira njenu odrzivost u delu ?Sutre planina i
voda? Zen monaha Dogena. Prvo uocavam cetiri kontradiktorne poente u
Dogenovim sutrama. Zatim, pronalazim izvor njihove kontradiktornosti u
Platonskom shvatanju jezika, zasnovanom na modelu vizuelne percepcije, koji
uvodi dualitet izmedju posmatraca i objektivne stvarnosti. Nako toga,
predstavljam novu koncepciju jezika zasnovanu na modelu telesne percepcije i
dinamickom shvatanju stvarnosti, koja resava cetiri kontradikcije u
Dogenovim sutrama. Na kraju sagledavam kako se usvajanje ove nove koncepcije
jezika odrazava na pristup u Gadamerovoj hermeneutici.
The significance of encapsulation of visual perception for philosophy of mind and aesthetic analysis
Authors: Konecni Vladimir
Published: October 2016

This Opinion Article highlights three sets of important implications of the very recent work by C. Firestone and B. Scholl on the encapsulation of visual perception: (a) methodological implications, especially with regard to experimental areas of cognitive science, such as cognitive social psychology; (h) implications of interest to philosophers of mind, some of whose more extravagant recent claims have been based on the assumption of "top-down" cognitive effects on perception; and (c) implications that challenge some recent work in philosophical and psychological aesthetics regarding art expertise, as well as defend the logic of A. Danto's theorizing from attacks that are based on the assumption of "top-down- cognitive effects.
Craft as a source of art and technology
Authors: Cuckovic Aleksandar
Published: October 2016

Among the issues for which aesthetics today shows great interest belong those
which will be discussed in this paper that are concerning: the position of
art in culture, the origin and consequences of the process of
aestheticization of everyday life, the role of the artist in a society, the
nature of the creative process, relationship between inspiration and
techniques of art, and the aesthetic value of the artifacts. Special
attention is paid to the analysis of the historical development of the
concepts of craft and skill, as the keys for understanding of creativity.
Greeks understood the art as routine following of production rules, within
the medieval theology art was interpreted with regard to a possible role in
the celebration of divine creation, and in modern times it is seen as a way
of expressing the creative power of man. When the man?s potentials become the
pivot point of his trying to understand the world, the concept art has been
rapidly differentiated into two key domains: art and technology. In the
meanwhile, the separation of the autonomous domains and their mutual
opposition have become the stereotypes of public opinion, and of numerous
theoretical examinations, that have grounds only if it wasn?t forget their
common origin and their internal kinship, or if the notion of its autonomy
was relativized in the context of the whole life of a society.
Consequentialism and moral integrity (on the scope of Williams' critique of utilitarianism)
Authors: Cekic Nenad
Published: October 2016

In this article, the author examines the scope and validity of
anti-utilitarian ?integrity ar63ument?, proposed by Bernard Williams. This
argument includes three interconnected theses: 1) utilitarianism alienates
agent from its own actions; 2) utilitarianism does not take into account
separateness of different persons; 3) utilitarianism assumes the doctrine of
?negative responsibility?. The author analyzes whether the argument needs
Williams normative (ethics of virtue) and meta-ethical (internalism)
standpoint. The conclusion is that Williams? anti-utilitarian argument could
subsist even without those two presuppositions.
dr. Boris Milosavljevic: Vladimir Jovanovic: Philosophy, science, politics
Authors: Milosavljevic Boris
Published: October 2016

The unity of freedom, science and nation, viz. liberalism, positivism and
nationalism, as well as his belief in two fundamental principles - freedom
and justice, were the two lodestars and credo of Vladimir Jovanovic`s entire
political work and view of life. Although he was strongly inclined to the
continental liberalism, he corrected it with Millian liberalism and
embracement of the Westminster system, thus avoiding the radicalism of the
French role model, which was followed by the prevalent majority of socialist
and Marxian-oriented Serb intelectuals in the second half of the XIX century
and the first half of XX century. Vladimir Jovanovic firmly belived that
liberty was the right exercise of which must not be blocked out by the ideal
of equality. As a positivist, he appreciated Herbert Spencer?s theory of
evolution, organic interpretation of society and analogy between the natural
and social domains, according to which social phenomena could be reduced on
natural laws. Under Mazzini?s influence he made a synthesis of liberalism and
nationalism. Vladimir Jovanovic`s son Slobodan Jovanovic pointed out that
unity of freedom, science and nation was not founded in sciences itself, but
in rationalist philosophy. Liberalism, positivism and patriotism were not
only concepts of Vladimir Jovanovic`s political theory, but also ideological
basis for his active political work.
The Intersection of “Bad Apples,” “Bad Barrels,” and the Enabling Use of Performance Measurement Systems
Authors: Burney Laurie L. , Radtke Robin R. , Widener Sally K.
Published: October 2016

A performance measurement system (PMS) consists of data transformed into performance measures, which is used to control operations and employee behavior. As such, a PMS is embedded within the broader accounting information system (AIS). Existing literature suggests organizations benefit from using a PMS in a way that employees perceive enables them to better perform their job tasks. However, those benefits may not always be realized depending on individual and unit-level ethical characteristics that interact with the use of AIS. The purpose of this study is to examine the intersection of AIS and business ethics by focusing on how a specific type of AIS is used; namely, the PMS. We integrate the extent of perceived amoral manipulation and the ethical work climate with the extent to which the PMS is perceived to be enabling. We document instances when the enabling use of a PMS is not always beneficial, offer implications for organizations in terms of managing the level of counterproductive work behaviors when using enabling control, and provide directions for future research.
Belgian class II nuclear facilities such as irradiators and accelerators: Regulatory Body attention points and operating experience feedback
Authors: Minne E. , Carlier P. , Peters C. , Mommaert C. , Kennes C. , Cortenbosch G. , Schmitz F. , Van Haesendonck M. , Schrayen V. , Wertelaers A.
Published: October 2016

The aim of this paper is to present the Regulatory Body attention points and the operating experience feedback from Belgian “class IIA” facilities such as industrial and research irradiators, bulk radionuclides producers and conditioners. Reinforcement of the nuclear safety and radiation protection has been promoted by the Federal Agency for Nuclear Control (FANC) since 2009. This paper is clearly a continuation of the former paper [1] presenting the evolution in the regulatory framework relative to the creation of Bel V, the subsidiary of the FANC, and to the new “class IIA” covering heavy installations such as those mentioned above. Some lessons learnt are extracted from the operating experience feedback based on the events declared to the authorities. Even though a real willingness to meet the new safety requirements is observed among the “class IIA” licensees, promoting the safety culture, the nuclear safety and radiation protection remains an endless challenge for the Regulatory Body.
Assessing reactor physics codes capabilities to simulate fast reactors on the example of the BN-600 Benchmark
Authors: Ivanov V. , Bousquet J.
Published: October 2016

This work aims to assess the capabilities of reactor physics codes (initially validated for thermal reactors) to simulate fast sodium cooled reactors. The BFS-62-3A critical experiment from the BN-600 Hybrid Core Benchmark Analyses was chosen for the investigation. Monte-Carlo codes (KENO from SCALE and SERPENT 2.1.23) and the deterministic diffusion code DYN3D-MG are applied to calculate the neutronic parameters. It was found that the multiplication factor and reactivity effects calculated by KENO and SERPENT using the ENDF/B-VII.0 continuous energy library are in a good agreement with each other and with the measured benchmark values. Few-groups macroscopic cross sections, required for DYN3D-MG, were prepared in applying different methods implemented in SCALE and SERPENT. The DYN3D-MG results of a simplified benchmark show reasonable agreement with results from Monte-Carlo calculations and measured values. The former results are used to justify DYN3D-MG implementation for sodium cooled fast reactors coupled deterministic analysis.
Decommissioning of the pool reactor Thetis in Ghent, Belgium
Authors: Cortenbosch G. , Mommaert C. , Thierens H. , Monsieurs M. , Meirlaen I. , Strijckmans K.
Published: October 2016

The Thetis research pool reactor (with a nominal power of 150 kW) of the Ghent University was operational from 1967 till December 2003. The first phase of the decommissioning of the reactor, the removal of the spent fuel from the site, took place in 2010. The cumulative dose received was only 404 man · μSv. During the second phase, the transition period between the removal of the spent fuel in 2010 and the start of the decommissioning phase in March 2013, 3-monthly internal inspections and inspections by Bel V, were performed. The third and final decommissioning phase started on March 18, 2013. The total dose received between March 2013 and August 2013 was 1561 man · μSv. The declassification from a Class I installation to a Class II installation was possible by the end of 2015. The activated concrete in the reactor pool will remain under regulatory control until the activation levels are lower than the limits for free release.
Lessons learned on probabilistic methodology for precursor analyses
Authors: Babst S. , Gänssmantel G. , Wielenberg A.
Published: October 2016

Based on its experience in precursor assessment of operating experience from German NPP and related international activities in the field, GRS has identified areas for enhancing probabilistic methodology. These are related to improving the completeness of PSA models, to insufficiencies in probabilistic assessment approaches, and to enhancements of precursor assessment methods. Three examples from the recent practice in precursor assessments illustrating relevant methodological insights are provided and discussed in more detail. Our experience reinforces the importance of having full scope, current PSA models up to Level 2 PSA and including hazard scenarios for precursor analysis. Our lessons learned include that PSA models should be regularly updated regarding CCF data and inclusion of newly discovered CCF mechanisms or groups. Moreover, precursor classification schemes should be extended to degradations and unavailabilities of the containment function. Finally, PSA and precursor assessments should put more emphasis on the consideration of passive provisions for safety, e. g. by sensitivity cases.
Lapatinib, trastuzumab or the combination added to neoadjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer
Authors: Liang Quan , Fu Qiang , Li Wei , You Jiacong , Zhao Zhanchao
Published: October 2016

The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy and safety of trastuzumab versus the combination of trastuzumab and lapatinib added to neoadjuvant chemotherapy for HER2 positive breast cancer. PubMed, MEDLINE, The Cochrane Library, Web of Science and nearly 5 years of the important international conference on oncology records were searched for randomized clinical trials that compared lapatinib plus trastuzumab and neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) with trastuzumab in combination with NAC and that included pathologic complete response rate as the primary outcome. Finally, 6 clinical randomized controlled trials were included. Meta-analysis shows that pathological complete response rate was significantly increased in trastu-zumab plus lapatinib group than single use trastuzumab group (53.4%, 40.4%, RR = 1.75, 95% CI 1.38 ~ 2.23, p<0.001). In conclusion, the combination of trastuzumab and lapatinib added to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in HER2 positive breast cancer is more effective.

 
Mreg Activity in Tumor Response to Photodynamic Therapy and Photodynamic Therapy-Generated Cancer Vaccines
Authors: Korbelik Mladen , Banáth Judith , Zhang Wei
Published: October 2016

Myeloid regulatory cells (Mregs) are, together with regulatory T cells (Tregs), a dominant effector population responsible for restriction of the duration and strength of antitumor immune response. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) and cancer vaccines generated by PDT are modalities whose effectiveness in tumor destruction is closely dependent on the associated antitumor immune response. The present study investigated whether the immunodepletion of granulocytic Mregs in host mice by anti-GR1 antibody would improve the response of tumors to PDT or PDT vaccines in these animals. Anti-GR1 administration immediately after Temoporfin-PDT of mouse SCCVII tumors abrogated curative effect of PDT. The opposite effect, increasing PDT-mediated tumor cure-rates was attained by delaying anti-GR1 treatment to 1 h post PDT. With PDT vaccines, multiple anti-GR1 administrations (days 0, 4, and 8 post vaccination) improved the therapy response with SCCVII tumors. The results with PDT suggest that neutrophils (boosting antitumor effect of this therapy) that are engaged immediately after photodynamic light treatment are within one hour replaced with a different myeloid population, presumably Mregs that hampers the therapy-mediated antitumor effect. Anti-GR1 antibody, when used with optimal timing, can improve the efficacy of both PDT of tumors in situ and PDT-generated cancer vaccines.
Segmental Aging Underlies the Development of a Parkinson Phenotype in the AS/AGU Rat
Authors: Khojah Sohair , Payne Anthony , McGuinness Dagmara , Shiels Paul
Published: October 2016

There is a paucity of information on the molecular biology of aging processes in the brain. We have used biomarkers of aging (SA β-Gal, p16Ink4a, Sirt5, Sirt6, and Sirt7) to demonstrate the presence of an accelerated aging phenotype across different brain regions in the AS/AGU rat, a spontaneous Parkinsonian mutant of PKCγ derived from a parental AS strain. P16INK4a expression was significantly higher in AS/AGU animals compared to age-matched AS controls (p < 0.001) and displayed segmental expression across various brain regions. The age-related expression of sirtuins similarly showed differences between strains and between brain regions. Our data clearly show segmental aging processes within the rat brain, and that these are accelerated in the AS/AGU mutant. The accelerated aging, Parkinsonian phenotype, and disruption to dopamine signalling in the basal ganglia in AS/AGU rats, suggests that this rat strain represents a useful model for studies of development and progression of Parkinson’s disease in the context of biological aging and may offer unique mechanistic insights into the biology of aging.
Forecasted Changes in West Africa Photovoltaic Energy Output by 2045
Authors: Bazyomo Serge Dimitri Yikwe Buri , Agnidé Lawin Emmanuel , Coulibaly Ousmane , Ouedraogo Abdoulaye
Published: October 2016

The impacts of climate change on photovoltaic (PV) output in the fifteen countries of the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) was analyzed in this paper. Using a set of eight climate models, the trends of solar radiation and temperature between 2006–2100 were examined. Assuming a lifetime of 40 years, the future changes of photovoltaic energy output for the tilted plane receptor compared to 2006–2015 were computed for the whole region. The results show that the trends of solar irradiation are negative except for the Irish Centre for High-End Computing model which predicts a positive trend with a maximum value of 0.17 W/m2/year for Cape Verde and the minimum of −0.06 W/m2/year for Liberia. The minimum of the negative trend is −0.18 W/m2/year predicted by the Model for Interdisciplinary Research on Climate (MIROC), developed at the University of Tokyo Center for Climate System Research for Cape Verde. Furthermore, temperature trends are positive with a maximum of 0.08 K/year predicted by MIROC for Niger and minimum of 0.03 K/year predicted by Nature Conservancy of Canada (NCC), Max Planck Institute (MPI) for Climate Meteorology at Hamburg, French National Meteorological Research Center (CNRM) and Canadian Centre for Climate Modelling and Analysis (CCCMA) for Cape Verde. Photovolataic energy output changes show increasing trends in Sierra Leone with 0.013%/year as the maximum. Climate change will lead to a decreasing trend of PV output in the rest of the countries with a minimum of 0.032%/year in Niger.
Low Energy Atomic Photodesorption from Organic Coatings
Authors: Lucchesini Alessandro , Gozzini Silvia , Marinelli Carmela , Marmugi Luca
Published: October 2016

Organic coatings have been widely used in atomic physics during the last 50 years because of their mechanical properties, allowing preservation of atomic spins after collisions. Nevertheless, this did not produce detailed insight into the characteristics of the coatings and their dynamical interaction with atomic vapors. This has changed since the 1990s, when their adsorption and desorption properties triggered a renewed interest in organic coatings. In particular, a novel class of phenomena produced by non-destructive light-induced desorption of atoms embedded in the coating surface was observed and later applied in different fields. Nowadays, low energy non-resonant atomic photodesorption from organic coatings can be considered an almost standard technique whenever large densities of atomic vapors or fast modulation of their concentration are required. In this paper, we review the steps that led to this widespread diffusion, from the preliminary observations to some of the most recent applications in fundamental and applied physics.
Water-Soluble CdTe/CdS Core/Shell Semiconductor Nanocrystals: How Their Optical Properties Depend on the Synthesis Methods
Authors: Vale Brener , Silva Fernanda , Carvalho Melissa , Raphael Ellen , Ferrari Jefferson , Schiavon Marco
Published: October 2016

We conducted a comparative synthesis of water-soluble CdTe/CdS colloidal nanocrystalline semiconductors of the core/shell type. We prepared the CdS shell using two different methods: a one-pot approach and successive ionic layer adsorption and reaction (SILAR); in both cases, we used 3-mercaptopropionic acid (MPA) as the surface ligand. In the one-pot approach, thiourea was added over the freshly formed CdTe dispersion, and served as the sulfur source. We achieved thicker CdS layers by altering the Cd:S stoichiometric ratio (1:1, 1:2, 1:4, and 1:8). The Cd:S ratios 1:1 and 1:2 furnished the best optical properties; these ratios also made the formation of surface defects less likely. For CdTe/CdS obtained using SILAR, we coated the surface of three differently sized CdTe cores (2.17, 3.10, and 3.45 nm) with one to five CdS layers using successive injections of the Cd2+ and S2– ions. The results showed that the core size influenced the optical properties of the materials. The deposition of three to five layers over the surface of smaller CdTe colloidal nanocrystals generated strain effects on the core/shell structure.
Smart Grid Cost-Emission Unit Commitment via Co-Evolutionary Agents
Authors: Zhang Xiaohua , Xie Jun , Zhu Zhengwei , Zheng Jianfeng , Qiang Hao , Rong Hailong
Published: October 2016

In this paper, the uncertainty of wind, solar and load; smart charging and discharging of plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) to and from various energy sources; and the coordination of wind, solar power, PHEVs and cost-emission are considered in the smart grid unit commitment (UC). First, a multi-scenario simulation is used in which a set of valid scenarios is considered for the uncertainties of wind and solar energy sources and load. Then the UC problem for the set of scenarios is decomposed into the optimization of interactive agents by multi-agent technology. Agents’ action is represented by a genetic algorithm with adaptive crossover and mutation operators. The adaptive co-evolution of agents is reached by adaptive cooperative multipliers. Finally, simulation is implemented on an example of a power system containing thermal units, a wind farm, solar power plants and PHEVs. The results show the effectiveness of the proposed method. Thermal units, wind, solar power and PHEVs are mutually complementarily by the adaptive cooperative mechanism. The adaptive multipliers’ updating strategy can save more computational time and further improve the efficiency.