bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Acute Knockdown of Kv4.1 Regulates Repetitive Firing Rates and Clock Gene Expression in the Suprachiasmatic Nucleus and Daily Rhythms in Locomotor Behavior
Authors: Hermanstyne Tracey O. , Granados-Fuentes Daniel , Mellor Rebecca L. , Herzog Erik D. , Nerbonne Jeanne M.
Published: May 2017

Rapidly activating and inactivating A-type K+currents (IA) encoded by Kv4.2 and Kv4.3 pore-forming (α) subunits of the Kv4 subfamily are key regulators of neuronal excitability. Previous studies have suggested a role for Kv4.1 α-subunits in regulating the firing properties of mouse suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) neurons. To test this, we utilized an RNA-interference strategy to knockdown Kv4.1, acutely and selectively, in the SCN. Current-clamp recordings revealed that thein vivoknockdown of Kv4.1 significantly (p< 0.0001) increased mean ± SEM repetitive firing rates in SCN neurons during the day (6.4 ± 0.5 Hz) and at night (4.3 ± 0.6 Hz), compared with nontargeted shRNA-expressing SCN neurons (day: 3.1 ± 0.5 Hz; night: 1.6 ± 0.3 Hz). IAwas also significantly (p< 0.05) reduced in Kv4.1-targeted shRNA-expressing SCN neurons (day: 80.3 ± 11.8 pA/pF; night: 55.3 ± 7.7 pA/pF), compared with nontargeted shRNA-expressing (day: 121.7 ± 10.2 pA/pF; night: 120.6 ± 16.5 pA/pF) SCN neurons. The magnitude of the effect of Kv4.1-targeted shRNA expression on firing rates and IAwas larger at night. In addition, Kv4.1-targeted shRNA expression significantly (p< 0.001) increased mean ± SEM nighttime input resistance (Rin; 2256 ± 166 MΩ), compared to nontargeted shRNA-expressing SCN neurons (1143 ± 93 MΩ). Additional experiments revealed that acute knockdown of Kv4.1 significantly (p< 0.01) shortened, by ∼0.5 h, the circadian period of spontaneous electrical activity, clock gene expression and locomotor activity demonstrating a physiological role for Kv4.1-encoded IAchannels in regulating circadian rhythms in neuronal excitability and behavior.
Pasireotide in an insulin-requiring diabetic acromegalic patient without worsening of hyperglycemia
Authors: Gordon Murray B , Spiller Kellie L
Published: May 2017

Long-acting pasireotide is an effective treatment option for acromegaly, but it is associated with hyperglycemia, which could impact its use in patients with diabetes. We present a case of a 53-year-old man with acromegaly and type 2 diabetes mellitus (glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c): 7.5%), who refused surgery to remove a pituitary macroadenoma and enrolled in a Phase 3 clinical trial comparing long-acting pasireotide and long-acting octreotide in acromegalic patients. The patient initially received octreotide, but insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) levels remained elevated after 12 months (383.9 ng/mL; 193.0 ng/mL; reference range: 86.5–223.8 ng/mL), indicating uncontrolled acromegaly. He switched to pasireotide 40 mg and subsequently increased to 60 mg. Within 6 months, IGF-1 levels normalized (193.0 ng/mL), and they were mostly normal for the next 62 months of treatment with pasireotide (median IGF-1: 190.7 ng/mL). Additionally, HbA1c levels remained similar to or lower than baseline levels (range, 6.7% to 7.8%) during treatment with pasireotide despite major changes to the patient’s antidiabetic regimen, which included insulin and metformin. Uncontrolled acromegaly can result in hyperglycemia due to an increase in insulin resistance. Despite having insulin-requiring type 2 diabetes, the patient presented here did not experience a long-term increase in HbA1c levels upon initiating pasireotide, likely because long-term control of acromegaly resulted in increased insulin sensitivity. This case highlights the utility of long-acting pasireotide to treat acromegaly in patients whose levels were uncontrolled after long-acting octreotide and who manage diabetes with insulin.

Learning points

Long-acting pasireotide provided adequate, long-term biochemical control of acromegaly in a patient with insulin-requiring type 2 diabetes mellitus who was unresponsive to long-acting octreotide.

Glycemic levels initially increased after starting treatment with pasireotide but quickly stabilized as acromegaly became controlled.

Long-acting pasireotide, along with an appropriate antidiabetic regimen, may be a suitable therapy for patients with acromegaly who also have insulin-requiring type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Maternal high-fat diet induces metabolic stress response disorders in offspring hypothalamus
Authors: Nguyen Long The , Saad Sonia , Tan Yi , Pollock Carol , Chen Hui
Published: May 2017

Maternal obesity has been shown to increase the risk of obesity and related disorders in the offspring, which has been partially attributed to changes of appetite regulators in the offspring hypothalamus. On the other hand, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and autophagy have been implicated in hypothalamic neuropeptide dysregulation, thus may also play important roles in such transgenerational effect. In this study, we show that offspring born to high-fat diet-fed dams showed significantly increased body weight and glucose intolerance, adiposity and plasma triglyceride level at weaning. Hypothalamic mRNA level of the orexigenic neuropeptide Y (NPY) was increased, while the levels of the anorexigenic pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC), NPY1 receptor (NPY1R) and melanocortin-4 receptor (MC4R) were significantly downregulated. In association, the expression of unfolded protein response (UPR) markers including glucose-regulated protein (GRP)94 and endoplasmic reticulum DNA J domain-containing protein (Erdj)4 was reduced. By contrast, protein levels of autophagy-related genes Atg5 and Atg7, as well as mitophagy marker Parkin, were slightly increased. The administration of 4-phenyl butyrate (PBA), a chemical chaperone of protein folding and UPR activator, in the offspring from postnatal day 4 significantly reduced their body weight, fat deposition, which were in association with increased activating transcription factor (ATF)4, immunoglobulin-binding protein (BiP) and Erdj4 mRNA as well as reduced Parkin, PTEN-induced putative kinase (PINK)1 and dynamin-related protein (Drp)1 protein expression levels. These results suggest that hypothalamic ER stress and mitophagy are among the regulatory factors of offspring metabolic changes due to maternal obesity.
Bisphenol A promotes hepatic lipid deposition involving Kupffer cells M1 polarization in male mice
Authors: Lv Qiong , Gao Rufei , Peng Chuan , Yi Juan , Liu Lulu , Yang Shumin , Li Danting , Hu Jinbo , Luo Ting , Mei Mei , Song Ying , Wu Chaodong , Xiao Xiaoqiu , Li Qifu
Published: May 2017

Bisphenol A (BPA), one of the most common environmental endocrine disruptors, is considered to promote hepatic lipid deposition. However, the mechanism has not been fully elucidated. The polarization of Kupffer cells (KCs) plays an important role in hepatic inflammation by promoting pro-inflammatory M1 phenotype (M1KCs), which contributes to dysregulated lipid metabolism. The purpose of this study is to investigate the role of KC polarization in BPA-induced hepatosteatosis in male mice. In this study, we examined hepatic lipid contents and quantified M1KC in BPA-treated CD1 mice, and further explored the interaction between KCs and hepatocytes using conditional HepG2 cell culture. BPA treatment significantly increased hepatic fat contents in CD1 mice, accompanied by increased number of pro-inflammatory M1KCs and enhanced secretion of inflammatory cytokines. Increased lipid contents were also observed in HepG2 cells treated with BPA. Interestingly, higher TG contents were observed in HepaG2 cells treated with conditional media from BPA-treated KCs, compared with those treated with BPA directly. Incubation of KCs with BPA promoted the polarization of KCs to pro-inflammatory M1 dominant subtypes, which was blocked by estrogen antagonist ICI182780. Taken together, our results revealed that M1KCs polarization is involved in BPA-induced hepatic fat deposition, which is possibly associated with the estrogen receptor signaling pathway.
Metabolic Adaptation to Nutrients Involves Coregulation of Gene Expression by the RNA Helicase Dbp2 and the Cyc8 Corepressor in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Authors: Wang Siwen , Xing Zheng , Pascuzzi Pete E , Tran Elizabeth J
Published: May 2017

Cells fine-tune their metabolic programs according to nutrient availability in order to maintain homeostasis. This is achieved largely through integrating signaling pathways and the gene expression program, allowing cells to adapt to nutritional change. Dbp2, a member of the DEAD-box RNA helicase family in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, has been proposed to integrate gene expression with cellular metabolism. Prior work from our laboratory has reported the necessity of DBP2 in proper gene expression, particularly for genes involved in glucose-dependent regulation. Here, by comparing differentially expressed genes in dbp2∆ to those of 700 other deletion strains from other studies, we find that CYC8 and TUP1, which form a complex and inhibit transcription of numerous genes, corepress a common set of genes with DBP2. Gene ontology (GO) annotations reveal that these corepressed genes are related to cellular metabolism, including respiration, gluconeogenesis, and alternative carbon-source utilization genes. Consistent with a direct role in metabolic gene regulation, loss of either DBP2 or CYC8 results in increased cellular respiration rates. Furthermore, we find that corepressed genes have a propensity to be associated with overlapping long noncoding RNAs and that upregulation of these genes in the absence of DBP2 correlates with decreased binding of Cyc8 to these gene promoters. Taken together, this suggests that Dbp2 integrates nutrient availability with energy homeostasis by maintaining repression of glucose-repressed, Cyc8-targeted genes across the genome.
The Movement for Black Lives vs. the Black Church
Authors: Brown Lawrence T.
Published: May 2017

Several times over the past three years, the Black Church and the Movement for Black Lives have clashed, revealing a peculiar incongruence. Movement for Black Lives activists, advocates, and agitators are not only pushing to hold police officers and officials in the criminal justice system accountable for deaths of Black victims; they have been pushing the Black Church and Black clergy as well. Why have activists, advocates, and aggrieved agitators in the Movement for Black Lives protested against prominent figures in the Black Church so vociferously and boldly? Hasn’t the Black Church been a stalwart presence in the Black Freedom Movement historically? Should such disruptive behavior be condoned? Is it behavior that Jesus himself would condone?
Apology
Authors: Benson Peter
Published: May 2017

What happens when a government apologizes, and what does it mean for a government to apologize for violence, abuse, and oppression? Apart from concerns about sincerity, who has the power to apologize, who crafts the exact wording, who is commiserating, and who stands to gain or lose? Are these apologies meant to rearticulate a fractured national public around emergent mass feeling, producing a quasi-assimilationist frame in which everyone will presumably think and feel the same way about the past and inhabit a reconciliatory mood? To what extent does this genre of apology operate as a technology of rule that further strengthens the power and legitimacy of national elites or undermines the capacity of victimized, marginalized, or aggrieved populations to act and feel unapologetically demanding, mournful, or angry? Do these apologies create clean slates, make for more perfect unions, and recast perpetrators or privileged national subjects as innocent or forgiven? Is white guilt a mobilizing force for social justice or a kind of wallowing? Do these apologies perhaps benefit white people by “restructuring” a “sense of national subjectivity,” as scholars have argued for Australia’s annual apologies for the institutionalized mistreatment of indigenous people, where “sorry people” who feel a “bad conscience” and “shame” acquire, as a result of the apology, “a lifeline through which a legitimate sense of belonging in the nation may be restituted”?
RAISE IT UP!! Youth Arts and Awareness
Authors: Thomas-Jackson Natasha
Published: May 2017

RAISE IT UP! Youth Arts and Awareness (RIU) is an organization that promotes youth engagement, expression, and empowerment through the use of performance and literary arts and social justice activism. We envision a world where youth are fully recognized, valued, and supported as artist-activists and emerging thought leaders, working to create a world that is just, intersectional, and inclusive. Two fundamental tenets shape RIU’s policies, practices, and pedagogy. The first is that creative self-expression and culture making are powerful tools for personal and social transformation. The second is that social justice is truly possible only if and when we are willing to have transparent and authentic conversations about the oppression children experience at the hands of the adults in their lives. We are committed to amplifying youth voices and leadership and building cross-generational solidarity among people of all ages, particularly those impacted by marginalization. Though RIU is focused on and driven by the youth, a large part of our work includes helping adult family members, educators, and community leaders understand the ways in which systemic oppression shapes our perceptions of and interactions with the young people in our homes, neighborhoods, institutions, and decision-making bodies.
Quantifying the Use of Stones in the Stone Age Fireplaces of Estonia
Authors: Sikk Kaarel
Published: May 2017

Fireplaces and burnt stones related to them are common features found at Stone Age settlement sites. Although informatikon about them is present in archaeological reports and also available in publications, there has been no general research done regarding combustion features specifically. The purpose of this study was to fill the gap of relevant research and to test the hypothesis that the structural features of fireplaces reveal information on the subsistence model of settlements.The study is based on a database of Estonian Stone Age fireplaces, which was compiled by using the available data on all excavated objects. The database includes 167 fireplaces and contains quantifiable data about stones in fireplaces.The analysis of data revealed that the use of stones in fireplaces changed significantly in time. While most of the Mesolithic fireplaces contain them, they become scarce in the Neolithic. It can be concluded that the use of stones in fireplaces is related to the economy of settlements and changes within time reflect the changes in general subsistence strategies.
Archeologijos katedros leidiniai 2016 metais
Authors: Merkevičius Algimantas
Published: May 2017

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Archeologijos katedros mokslinės veiklos apžvalga
Authors: Vasiliauskienė Violeta
Published: May 2017

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Atsisveikinant su iškiliu baltų archeologijos tyrinėtoju... Jan Jaskanis (1932 07 19–2016 11 28)
Authors: Michelbertas Mykolas
Published: May 2017

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KONKURUOJANTYS POŽIŪRIAI Į PASAULIO POLITIKĄ
Authors: Lokė Brigita
Published: May 2017

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Reemplazo total de rodilla en secuela de fracturas alrededor de la rodilla
Authors: Gutierrez Olivera Natalia , Salcedo Zunino Leandro Ariel , Pioli Ignacio , Bidolegui Fernando , Vindver Gabriel , Allende Bartolome Luis
Published: May 2017

Introducción

El reemplazo total de rodilla en secuela de trauma, secundaria a fracturas periarticulares de fémur distal o tibia proximal, implica un tratamiento complejo pero es una  opción válida para el manejo de estos pacientes. El ojetivo de este trabajo es evaluar en forma retrospectiva los resultados obtenidos en RTR en pacientes con secuela de fracturas peri articulares de la rodilla.

Material y Métodos

En un estudio retrospectivo, multicéntrico donde se evaluaron 29 pacientes, con artrosis secundaria a fracturas a los que se les realizó RTR entre 2008-2015. 19 mujeres y 10 varones. Edad promedio 59 años. 23 fracturas en tibia proximal y 6 en fémur distal: 6 extraarticulares y  23 intraarticulares. Tratamiento inicial: ortopédico en 8 pacientes; reducción abierta y fijación interna (RAFI) en 21. Promedio de cirugías hasta la artroplastia 2,14 (1 a 7). Se empleó el Knee Society Score (KSS) y radiografías para la evaluación pre y postquirúrgica. Rango de movimiento (ROM) prequirúrgico: flexión 60° (45°-90°), extensión 15° (0°-30°). KSS dolor 30 (10-45) y para KSS funcional 25 (20-45). KSS total 30 (20-60)

Resultados

El seguimiento promedio 45 meses (6-104). Se restauró el eje mecánico en todos los casos.   ROM en el último control: flexión 112° (60°-140°); extensión 5° (0°-30°). KSS dolor 40 (30-50) y KSS funcional 35 (30-50). KSS total 81 (50-95) Resultados buenos (KSS ≥80 puntos) 22 pacientes (75,8%), regulares 6 (20,6%) y pobres 1 caso (3,44 %).. 13% de complicaciones mayores.

Discusión

Si bien el RTR para el tratamiento de secuelas de fracturas periarticulares de la rodilla, presenta mayor porcentaje de complicaciones, siendo los resultados inferiores a los publicados en RTR en artrosis no traumaticade rodilla, el RTR es una opcion valida para el rescate postraumatico, obteniendo una mejoria significativa tanto en el KSS como en el rango de movimiento.  El mismo implica un manejo de partes blandas minucioso, y una mayor complejidad técnica.
Colgajo fasciocutáneo sural para la cobertura del tercio distal de pierna y pie. [Fasciocutaneous sural flap for softtissue coverage in the third distal leg, ankle and foot.]
Authors: Carabelli Guido , Barla Jorge Daniel , Taype Danilo Roger , Sancineto Carlos Federico
Published: May 2017

Introducción

Los traumatismos de alta energía en miembros inferiores se asocian con frecuencia a defectos de partes blandas, y su reconstrucción puede presentarse como una tarea desafiante, siendo en el extremo dista de la pierna y el pie los colgajo de perforantes la mejor opción de cobertura.

El motivo de este trabajo es presentar el  resultado del tratamiento de lesiones de partes blandas de pierna distal, tobillo y talón utilizando exclusivamente el colgajo de perfotantes fasciocutáneo sural.

Material y métodos

Entre marzo de 2008 y febrero de 2016 se realizaron en nuestro hospital 37 colgajos fasciocutáneos surales en 35 pacientes. El criterio de inclusión fue todo paciente con defecto tegumentario en tercio distal de tibia y talón con exposición ósea, tendinosa o defecto de la almohadilla plantar.

La edad promedio fue de 49,6 años (8-90) con un seguimiento promedio de 18 meses  (1-60 meses).

Resultados

De los 37 colgajos realizados 29, incluyendo a aquellos realizados en dos tiempos, no tuvieron complicaciones con buena adaptación local y sin necrosis, 3 presentaron necrosis parcial que fue mejorada con el avance del colgajo o injerto de piel parcial sin mayor necesidad de procedimientos y 5 colgajos presentaron necrosis completa. El tamaño del defecto fue de 9,6 x 6,7 (15 x 9) cm.

Conclusión

Aunque nuestra serie no es extensa, nuestros resultados son coincidentes con la literatura. Creemos  que este colgajo es una alternativa viable para lesiones distales de pierna y pie con un bajo porcentaje de complicaciones y morbilidad en el miembro afectado, y con resultados satisfactorios.
Sacrectomía parcial por abordaje posterior único. [Partial sacrectomy by single posterior approach.]
Authors: Bazán Pedro Luis , Terraza Sergio , Borri Álvaro Enrique , Medina Martin
Published: May 2017

Introducción: Los tumores del sacro corresponden a menos del 7% de los tumores espinales. Prevalecen los secundarios por mieloma múltiple o carcinomas de próstata, mama, pulmón o colón. De los primarios, el cordoma es el maligno más frecuente y el tumor de células gigantes el benigno.

Por su evolución, compromiso de estructuras extra óseas y la escasa respuesta a la coadyuvancia, la cirugía es el tratamiento más utilizado, la vía de abordaje y la necesidad de instrumentación dependerá del tumor a tratar.

Objetivos: Los objetivos de este trabajo son: evaluar la utilización de resección parcial de sacro, analizar la técnica quirúrgica y reconocer complicaciones.

Material y métodos: Cuatro pacientes con diagnóstico de tumor sacro ubicado por debajo de S1, que consulta por dolor y que las imágenes confirman la lesión. A todos se les realiza una resección en bloque por vía posterior preservando S1. Se describe la técnica.

Resultados: La anatomopatológica fue: un cordoma, un tumor maligno de vaina nerviosa, un condrosarcoma y una metástasis de carcinoma prostático. Se preservo la función de S1 en todos los pacientes; uno presenta disfunción vesical permanente. Se observaron una dehiscencia de herida, una infección y fistula de líquido cefalorraquídeo. Con un seguimiento entre 6 y 24 meses todos los pacientes se encuentran libre de patología.

Conclusiones:   La resección parcial del sacro por abordaje único vía posterior puede ser indicada cuando la lesión comprometa desde S2 hacia distal y sin compromiso sacroilíaco. La preservación de raíces es de vital importancia para garantizar mejores resultados post operatorios y menor tasa de infección.
Reemplazo Total de Rodilla en pacientes menores de 55 años de edad con gonartrosis Seguimiento de 2 a 13 años. [Total Knee Arthroplasty for gonarthrosis in patients 55 years old or younger. 2-13 years follow-up.]
Authors: Garabano German , Lopreite Fernando , Del Sel Hernán
Published: May 2017

Introducción

El número de reemplazos totales de rodilla (RTR) en pacientes jóvenes continua en aumento. La literatura muestra resultados contradictorios y la mayoría incluyen pacientes con Artritis Reumatoide (AR). El propósito de este estudio fue analizar un grupo de RTR en menores de 55 años, excluyendo pacientes con AR, evaluando la sobrevida protésica, las fallas radiológicas y sus resultados funcionales.

Materiales y Métodos

Se analizaron retrospectivamente 53 RTR en 46 pacientes, con una edad promedio de 49 (26-54) años y un seguimiento promedio de 6,5 (2-15) años. Los diagnósticos preoperatorios correspondieron a 46 gonartrosis idiopáticas, 5 postraumáticas y 2 osteonecrosis. 22 presentaban antecedentes de cirugías previas. Se utilizaron 49 implantes importados y 4 nacionales. Los resultados clínico-funcionales se objetivaron mediante Knee Society Score y WOMAC, mientras que para la evaluación radiológica se utilizo el sistema de la Knee Society.

Resultados

La puntuación funcional del KSS mejoró de 49,3 a 92,6 en promedio, mientras que la puntuación propia de rodilla paso de 46,8 a 91,4 puntos en el posoperatorio. La puntuación WOMAC en promedio fue de 2,3 para dolor, 2,6 para rigidez y 27,3 para la capacidad funcional. El 16% presento líneas de radiolúcidas <1mm que no progresaron en el tiempo. Hubieron 3 infecciones que requirieron de una revisión en dos tiempos evolucionando favorablemente y 4 rigideces que fueron tratadas mediante movilización artrocópica. La sobrevida protésica fue del 94,34%.

Conclusiones

El RTR en pacientes <55 años mostró ser un procedimiento confiable en lo que respecta a la mejora de la función, con una aceptable sobrevida protésica teniendo en cuenta los antecedentes quirúrgicos previos. No observamos fallas radiológicas al final del seguimiento.
Increase in resistance of pigs to oxidative stress by means of plant origin
Authors: Zhukova I. O. , Molchanov A. A. , Antipin S. L.
Published: May 2017

Pig breeding in Ukraine is a priority and perspective branch of agriculture to solve the problem of providing the population with the food products of high quality (meat, fat). Meat production is one of the most complicated industries in the field of agriculture. The problem of providing the population with meat is almost impossible to solve without the intensive development of the industry since pigs are different from other farm animals by the premature and high output of slaughter products. The article presents the data of the research on the state of the antioxidant system of pigs when using Macleay and the additives of raw buckwheat «buckwheat green» as the source of quercetin to the feeds. As a result of the experiment it has been found out that the addition of Macleay to the feeds of pigs at the dose of 72 and 210 mg/10 kg of feeds as well as «green buckwheat» at the rate of 1.25 and 6.25 g/kg of body weight in all groups led to the increase in the weight gain of piglets on average by 10–40%  and it stimulated the processes of antioxidant protection in the experimental piglets that was characterized by the inhibition of the processes of peroxidation of lipids (POL) (the decrease in the concentration of its primary and secondary TBA-active products– dien conjugates (DC) and malonic dialdehyde (MDA)) and also at first the increase and then the decrease to the normal physiological activity of antioxidant enzymes (catalase and superoxide dismutase (SOD)) and the restoration of the pool of endogenous total antioxidant activity (AOA).
Genetic polymorphism of the Landrace pig based on microsatellite markers
Authors: Lugovoy S. I. , Kramarenko S. S. , Lykhach V. Ya.
Published: May 2017

The aim of this study was to analyze the genetic variability and population structure of the Landrace population by using 12 microsatellite markers. A total of 90 pigs representing one commercial breed (Landrace) were sampled. Twelve microsatellite loci (SW24, S0155, SW72, SW951, S0386, S0355, SW240, SW857, S0101, SW936 SW911 and S0228) were selected and belong to the list of microsatellite markers recommended by FAO/ISAG. GenAIEx software was used to calculate the allele frequencies, effective number of alleles (Ae), observed (Ho) and expected (He) heterozygosity, within-population inbreeding estimate (Fis), Shannon’s information index (ISh). Overall allele frequency values ranged from 0.006 to 0.9333 (at allele SW951120). The number of observed alleles (Na) detected ranged from 5 (S0155 and SW911) to 13 (SW72), with an overall mean of 9.00 ± 0.80 and a total of 108 alleles were observed at these loci. However, the effective number of alleles (Ae) ranged from 1.57 (SW951) to 5.49 (SW240) with a mean of 3.29 ± 0.33. Shannon’s information index (ISh) which measures the level of diversity, was sufficiently high – from 0.79 (for SW951) to 2.01 (for SW240) – with a mean of 1.43 ± 0.09. The overall means for observed (Ho) and expected (He) heterozygosities were 0.578 ± 0.009 and 0.662 ± 0.004, respectively, which ranged from 0.307 (SW951) to 0.814 (SW857) and 0.361 (SW951) to 0.818 (SW240), respectively. Of the 12 microsatellites analyzed using Fisher’s exact test, 50% were in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, and 6 were out of equilibrium (P < 0.05). Three mutation models namely, infinite allele model (I.A.M.), two phase model (T.P.M.), stepwise mutation model (S.M.M.) were estimated using the BOTTLENECK software. The results are indicated that the Landrace pig population is non-bottlenecked and remained at mutation-drift equilibrium. The study stands first in genetic characterization of the Ukrainian Landrace pig population through microsatellite markers. The various parameters and values used to quantify genetic variability, such as the high mean (and effective) number of alleles and the expected and observed heterozygosities, indicated high genetic variability in the Ukrainian Landrace pigs. The population has not undergone any recent and/or sudden reduction in the effective population size and remained at mutation-drift equilibrium.
Metabolism fatty acids total lipids in the liquid contents of scars and productive cows indices in the presence in their diet coffee slurry
Authors: Romanchuk A. S.
Published: May 2017

The biochemical mechanisms of action available in the diet in the summer of coffee sludge on metabolic processes in the body and productive performance of cows are poorly understood. The purpose of the study was to metabolism of nitrogenous compounds in liquid capacious rumen, milk production and composition of milk cows in the presence of the coffee slurry in the diet in the summer. Higher levels of fat obtained by the addition to the diet of cows coffee sludge. Cows fed feed consisting of coffee slurry in an amount of 8 and 16%. Established that the average daily feed of cows in the body, which together with the young grasses and legumes and forage fed coffee sludge reported in 4.2 and 11.2% more neutral detergent and 4.5 and 12.2% acid detergent fiber. Feeding cows coffee sludge results in reduction of nitrogen ammonia and amino nitrogen in their liquid roomy scar regardless of time relative to the start of feeding. Thus, the amount of protein nitrogen in the rumen fluid of cows increased research at the 10th hour from the start of feeding, and general – to 7–10th. As a result of feeding the young grass, fodder and coffee sludge cows increased average daily milk yield. At the same time research in the milk of cows increased protein, fat and lactose. The most pronounced effect on the metabolism of nitrogenous compounds in the rumen of cows and productive performance makes extra feeding cows with young grasses and legumes and forage, coffee slurry in an amount of 16% by weight of feed.
Impact complexes nanokarboksylativ and drug Kvatronan-Se on hematological parameters of blood of experimental animals
Authors: Seba N. B. , Khomenko M. A.
Published: May 2017

In this paper present the results of research of influence of the preparation «Kvatronan-Se» and carboxylates of Se, Cu, Mn, Cr, Ge in different combinations on haematological parameters of blood of experimental animals. Study was carried out on the basis of PC Haleks-Agro. It is located in the village Gul'sk of Novograd Volynskiy district of Zhytomyr region. In the farm to bred of Simmental cows. For the experiment was formed four groups. We took into account age, live weight of 650–700 kg and the average milk yield 5000–6000 kg. Animals is located in identical conditions of feeding and maintenance. Research experiment was carried out on animals couples counterparts.  Preparations introduced animals three times at 10–12 days after insemination. The cows first experimental group were injected complex nanokarboksylativ Ge, Cu, Mn and Cr, second – drug Kvatronan–Se and animals third experimental group was administered a complex composed of Se, Cu, Mn, Cr. On 13 day after insemination in experimental animals were taken blood from tail vein and examined the contents of hematological parameters. Established that injection nanokarboksylativ enhance the fertility of cows in the first and third group, the figure rose to 20% in the second by 40% compared with the control. Research hematological parameters blood  animals shows that after entering content drugs of blood cells had minor changes but remained within the physiological norm. The results show that in  concentration monocyte the second group  was at 5.53% (P > 0.01) higher compared to the control group and 2.3% compared to the first and third. The content of lymphocytes in this group decreased by 26.3% (P > 0.05), 22% and 16% relative to the control, the first and third groups. Also, it should be noted that the hemoglobin in the experimental groups decreased in group I by 7.9% in the II – 3.9% and III by 7.3% compared with the control group. Also, these groups distinguished downward trend eosinophils 1.8%, 1.5%, 2.05%. Then, as the number of segment-nuclear neutrophils contrast, in the first group increased by 18.2% in the second and third at 16.9% comparatively control. The number of monocytes in the second group doslfidniy the suspicion was higher by 66.3% and 0.3% higher than the physiological norm – it may indicate a high immune response.
The genesis of the ukrainian red dairy breed
Authors: Shevchuk N. P.
Published: May 2017

For further improvement of livestock of the Ukrainian Red Dairy Breed it is important to study the genesis because this kind of cow is breed in many farms. Evaluation of the genesis of the breed was done step by step according to the results of crossing red steppe cattle with Angler’s bulls, Red Danish and Holstein breeds. For the research it has been used methods of retrospective analysis and variation statistics. It has been found that the breeding of the Ukrainian Red Diary Breed was done during five stages which have certain characteristics. During the first stage it was carried accumulation of breeding material using Angler breeders in herds of red steppe cattle. During the second phase of creating the breed it has been received a sufficient number of animals with different proportions of blood by Angler and Danish red breeds. According to the standard target average milk yield of cows of the Ukrainian Red dairy cattle is 4000 kg. The specialty of the third phase of breeding was the use of the gene pool of the Holstein breed as the most dairy productive caw. This helped to create intensive Holstein dairy type of the Ukrainian Red dairy breed. The average productivity of firstborn cows with different proportions of blood in Holstein red spoted breed is 5038–5638 kg of milk with fat in it up to 3.78–3.93%. The fourth step is completed with butterfat intrabreed and holshtynised types of Ukrainian dairy cattle and conducted their testing. At the fifth stage the work of heredity consolidation of newly formed breed is held and continues crossbreeding with Holstein breed bulls red spotted colour to increase milk production. Thus, animals of the Ukrainian Red Dairy Breed are characterized by a high level of productivity. At the farm «Colos 2011» in Mykolaiv region the milk yield of cows during 305 days and the third lactation is over 8565 kg of milk, the quantity of milk fat is 332 kg.
Suporte on-line às crianças e adolescentes doentes crônicos: uma revisão integrativa
Authors: Mazza Verônica de Azevedo , Lemos Débora de Sousa , Guimarães Sérgio Luídes , Lima Vanessa Ferreira de , Felix Jorge Vinícius Cestari
Published: May 2017

Objetivo: Caracterizar la producción científica relacionada con el soporte en línea dirigido a niños y adolescentes con enfermedad crónica.Síntesis del contenido: Se trata de una revisión integradora. Se realizó una búsqueda que abarcó el período 2008-2017 en las bases de datos PubMed, Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature y ScienceDirect. Se encontraron 30 artículos, organizados y clasificados por título, autor, año de publicación, país de origen, base de datos, tipo de estudio y objetivos. Los hallazgos informaron sobre una mayor producción de conocimiento en el período 2012-2014. La tendencia de investigación se orientó de acuerdo a dos categorías: Evaluación de las herramientas de soporte en línea dirigidas a niños y adolescentes con enfermedad crónica y La percepción de las familias y los profesionales de la salud sobre el uso de las herramientas de soporte en línea dirigidas a niños y adolescentes con enfermedad crónica.Conclusión: El soporte en línea es un complemento importante de las actividades de promoción de la salud para las familias. Está disponible en sitios web y en programas en línea; tiene fortalezas y debilidades en cuanto al uso y constituye un nuevo desafío para los profesionales de la salud.
Use of Independent Component Analysis in the extraction of Artifacts of the Mismatch Negativity Response
Authors:   , Porras-Illescas L. A.
Published: May 2017

Mismatch Negativity is a cortical response elicited by the automatic detection of stimuli which have different characteristics, allowing exploration of neuropsychological processes. However, the analysis of this signal can be difficult by a low SNR due to artifacts present when the signal is recorded. Different publications propose to use the approach given by the Blind Source Separation Technique by means of the Independent Component Analysis (ICA)to preprocess and eliminate these artifacts. Nevertheless, it has not been studied which of the ICA algorithms found in the literature will be optimal for improving the quality of MMN. Therefore the aim of this study is to determinewhether there are significant differences in the responses obtained by using FastICA, Infomax and SOBI to remove artifacts typically present in such signals. In addition, some features of the Independent Components related toartifacts are given in order to systematize the identification and elimination of those. In addition, MMN responses obtained with and without data preprocessing, as well as topographic maps before and after the elimination of artifacts were compared. Thus, Infomax is the best ICA algorithm to calculate Independent Components associated with artifacts, resulting in high amplitude MMN and a topographic map with a clear fronto-central distribution with left-hemisphere predominance.
Научная студенческая конференция «Актуальные проблемы современности в области охраны окружающей среды»
Authors: Сошникова Тамара Аркадьевна , Соина Вера Сергеевна
Published: May 2017

В статье представлен обзор работы научной студенческой конференции «Актуальные проблемы современности в области охраны окружающей среды», которая прошла в Московском гуманитарном университете 11 апреля 2017 г.
Role of oxidative stress in cataractogenesis
Authors: Bhatia Geeta , Sontakke A. N. , Abhang Subodhini
Published: May 2017

Background: Cataract is a multifactorial disease and is a major cause of blindness in india. Oxidative stress is thought to be a major factor to initiate the process of cataractogenesis. It is today well established fact that oxidative stress participates in both age-related (senile) and diabetes-induced cataract (diabetic). Oxidative damage to the lens most likely arises as a consequence of an impaired antioxidant defence system, due to increased generation of ROS both by age and diabetes. The present study was designed to determine role of oxidative stress in cataractogensis and to compare levels of oxidative stress markers in senile and diabetic cataract patients.Methods: Serum malondialdehyde (MDA) and serum protein carbonyl (PC) were measured as indicator of oxidative stress whereas antioxidant status was assessed by estimating serum Total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and dietary antioxidants levels i.e vitamin C and vitamin E in senile and diabetic cataract patients compared with healthy controls.Results: The result reveal that the serum MDA and PC levels were significantly increased in patients with senile and diabetic cataract whereas serum TAC, vitamin C and Vitamin E were significantly reduced in senile and diabetic patients when compared with normal healthy controls.Conclusions: From the result, it is concluded that oxidative stress is in the foreground of cataract formation which includes senile and diabetic cataract. Oxidative stress produced in diabetic cataract patients is more as compared to senile cataract patients.
Functional outcomes of platelet rich plasma injections in plantar fascitis
Authors: Muralidharagopalan Niranjanan Raghavn , Loganathan Dinesh , Janakiram Iyer Krithika Meenakshi , Boopathikumar Kavin Kumar
Published: May 2017

Background: The study was conducted to analyse the clinical outcomes following a single injection of platelet rich plasma, produced using autologous blood by standard double centrifugation technique in patients with plantar fasciitis who have not had relief using conservative methods.

Methods: Between June 2013 and June 2015, 26 consecutive patients (Mean age 45.92) (11 males/15 females) who had symptoms for a minimum of 3 months and had failed conservative management options such as rest, anti-inflammatories and physiotherapy were given a single injection of PRP in the medial calcaneal tubercle.

Results: The outcomes were measured using Visual analogue scale and Foot function index at pre injection, and at 1, 6 and 12 months post injection and results tabulated. All patients reported an improvement in VAS and FFI scores consistently. One superficial infection was encountered.

Conclusions: Single injection of platelet rich plasma improves pain and function in the foot in patients suffering from plantar fasciitis when conservative management has failed. The synergism between various autologous growth factors may play a role in tendon healing. 
Minimally invasive dynamic hip screw for intertrochanteric fractures: comparison with conventional method and surgical tips
Authors: Vidyarthi Kandarp , Paluvadi Siddhartha Venkata , Sinha Abhinav
Published: May 2017

Background: Intertrochantric fractures of the proximal femur are one of the most common injuries of the elderly. Prolonged duration and peroperative blood loss in this elderly frail population is one of the major problems in using the DHS. We performed minimally invasive DHS (MIDHS) implantation for such patients and compared results with conventional technique, hypothesising better perioperative outcomes.

Methods: We operated upon 30 cases as the case group from June 2013 to August 2016 with this technique. Patients older than 60 years of age with BMI less than 25 with stable AO type fractures which were easily reducible without sag of the distal fragment were included. In a control group 30 patients who had their hip fracture fixed with a DHS placed through the conventional approach were included. These groups were matched for sex, age, ASA grade and fracture type according to the AO classification. All surgeries were performed within 3 weeks of injury. We studied the patients in terms of time taken for surgery, peroperative blood loss, postoperative pain scores, need for analgesics and improvement in postoperative mobilization and rehabilitation by HHS.

Results: Blood loss, duration of surgery and average pain score were significantly lower (p <0.0001) for MIDHS group due to a smaller incision and less muscle dissection. The HHS was also significantly better at 10 days in the MIDHS group.

Conclusions: Minimally invasive DHS is a simple and effective technique for fixation of intertrochantric fractures, especially in elderly, with reduced operative time, blood loss and postoperative pain scores leading to a more effective postoperative rehabilitation.

 
Digital India Awards 2016
Authors: Board Editorial
Published: May 2017

We are excited to inform you that the call for Nomination to Digital India Awards 2016 (earlier known as WebRatna Awards) has just been announced! This new avatar of WebRatna reflects the overall vision of making India a Digital Superpower, the focus is on the digital initiatives and citizen engagement.
Has Long Been Committed to Enhancing the Development of Higher Education and Research in Hong Kong
Authors: Wan-Sang Wah Benjamin
Published: May 2017

Professor Benjamin Wah is the Provost and Wei Lun Professor of Computer Science and Engineering at the Chinese University of Hong Kong. Professor Wah is the Franklin W. Woeltge Emeritus Professor of Electrical and Computer Engineering at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, and is a prominent computer scientist, with expertise in non-linear programming, multimedia signal processing and artificial intelligence. He is a fellow of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE), the Association for Computing Machinery (ACM), and the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) and has served as the President of IEEE Computer Society. Professor Wah has received numerous international honours and awards for his distinguished academic and professional achievements. Among these are the Distinguished Alumni Award in Computer Science of the University of California, Berkeley, the W. Wallace McDowell Award, the Tsutomu Kanai Award and the Richard E. Merwin Distinguished Service Award of the IEEE Computer Society.
Proyección del emprendimiento indígena como mecanismo de competitividad en el postconflicto colombiano
Authors: Pitre-Redondo Remedios , Cardona-Arbeláez Diego , Hernández-Palma Hugo
Published: May 2017

ResumenEn este trabajo se reporta una investigación que busca conocer las características del indígena colombiano con referencia al emprendimiento, lo cual es relevante de cara a los retos que surgen de la finalización del conflicto armado en el país. Para recolectar la información requerida en un análisis de enfoque exploratorio/descriptivo, se aplicó un cuestionario a líderes indígenas vinculados a estas comunidades en programas de corte socioeconómico. Los resultados permiten entrever que el emprendedor indígena tiene predilección por las actividades tradicionales de su etnia: ecoturismo, artesanías y agricultura. Igualmente, se pudo establecer una clara orientación a realizar estas actividades en sus sitios de origen y a establecer asociaciones de acuerdo a los intereses comunes. Se concluye que el emprendimiento puede jugar un papel fundamental en la etapa de postconflicto, teniendo en cuenta que mucha población indígena desplazada retornará a sus sitios de origen, una vez se firme la paz. Además, se pudo identificar que las actividades propias del ecoturismo, como: agricultura, confección y artesanías, son las de mayor acogida entre los indígenas.
Fuentes de conocimiento e imágenes de la innovación en micro y pequeñas empresas de turismo: agencias de viajes y hoteles en Bogotá y Pereira
Authors: Morales-Rubiano Maria Eugenia , Ortiz-Riaga Carolina , Duque-Orozco Yenni Viviana , Plata-Pacheco Paola Andrea
Published: May 2017

El objetivo del documento es identificar las fuentes de conocimiento a las que acuden micro y pequeños empresarios del sector turismo y si éstas son utilizadas como base para generar innovación. Se realizaron entrevistas semi estructuradas a los gerentes de seis hoteles y nueve agencias de viajes en las ciudades de Bogotá y Pereira. Los resultados evidencian que los empresarios acuden a fuentes de conocimiento propio, familiar y del mercado, dejando de lado el conocimiento especializado proveniente de procesos de investigación y/o de entidades de orden regional y nacional. También se aprecia que las imágenes que se han construido sobre la innovación están relacionadas con dimensiones como: prácticas diferenciadoras, novedad o mejora, implementación de herramientas tecnológicas y validación de la innovación por el mercado. Se concluye que el uso limitado de las fuentes no logra modificar la base de recursos de manera sustancial, por lo tanto, dificulta la posibilidad de generar innovación.
Gestión de la logística humanitaria en las etapas previas al desastre: revisión sistemática de la literatura
Authors: López-Vargas Juan Camilo , Cárdenas-Aguirre Diana María
Published: May 2017

El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar la forma en que las etapas de mitigación y preparación que hacen parte del proceso de la logística humanitaria son presentadas en la literatura relacionada con el tema. Para esto, se realizó una revisión sistemática de la literatura con el uso de la aplicación Tree of Science de la Universidad Nacional de Colombia – Sede Manizales. La revisión permite reconocer la importancia que estas etapas tienen respecto al nivel de respuesta ante los desastres, así como los tipos de desastres y las decisiones de mitigación y preparación que más comúnmente se abordan. Asimismo, se pone en evidencia una menor participación de estos temas en la literatura especializada. Por lo tanto, ampliar el estudio de las etapas de mitigación y preparación hacia otros tipos de desastres y en otros contextos geográficos, constituye un campo de interés para futuras investigaciones.