bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Child health vulnerabilities during the COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil and Portugal
Authors: Cabral Ivone Evangelista , Pestana-Santos Márcia , Ciuffo Lia Leão , Nunes Yan do Rosario , Lomba Maria de Lurdes Lopes de Freitas
Published: June 2021

Objective: to analyze the vulnerabilities of children in the access to primary health care during the COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil and Portugal. Method: documentary study based on Brazilian and Portuguese governmental guidelines issued between March and August 2020 regarding access of children to primary health care. Thematic analysis was based on the precepts of health vulnerability. Results: 13 documents were issued in both countries addressing access to vaccination and childcare. Due to the SARS-CoV-2, restrictions were imposed on the circulation of people in social environments, health services, and social protection, decreasing the demand for health services. Both countries continued programs to promote the health of breastfeeding infants. In-person childcare consultations were suspended for low-risk children in both countries. Portugal maintained routine vaccination while Brazil interrupted vaccination in the first 15 days of the pandemic. The countries adopted remote care strategies - telemonitoring, teleconsultation, and mobile applications - to maintain the bond between children and health services. Conclusion: longitudinality was affected due to restricted access of children to health promotion actions, determining greater programmatic vulnerability. Individual vulnerabilities are related to exposure to preventable and primary health care-sensitive diseases.
Clinical judgment performance of undergraduate Nursing students
Authors: Canto Vanessa Brito do , Silva Tatianne Gonçalves da , Santos Gutembergue Aragão dos , Carvalho Emilia Campos de , Morais Sheila Coelho Ramalho Vasconcelos , Frazão Cecília Maria Farias de Queiroz
Published: June 2021

Objective: to evaluate the reported performance regarding clinical judgment by undergraduate Nursing students. Method: a cross-sectional study with the application of the Lasater Clinical Judgment Rubric-Brazilian Version in 166 undergraduate Nursing students from a Brazilian public university. The data were analyzed descriptively and analytically (by comparing the level of clinical judgment among students from the initial, intermediate, and concluding groups). The following tests were applied: Chi-square, Fisher’s Exact and Kruskal-Wallis, and a p-value of 0.05 was adopted. The reliability of the global instrument (Cronbach’s alpha) was 0.786. Results: of the 166 students, 65.7% evaluated themselves as proficient in relation to the reported performance on clinical judgment. Of the rubric’s 11 dimensions (focused observation, recognizing deviations from expected patterns, information seeking, prioritizing data, making sense of data, calm and confident manner, clear communication, well-planned intervention/flexibility, being skillful, evaluation/self-analysis, and commitment to improvement), only four groups did not present significant differences among them (p<0.05): focused observation, information seeking, prioritizing data, and calm and confident manner. Conclusion: the performance on clinical judgment reported as proficient was pointed out by 65.7% of the students and a significant statistical difference was verified in seven dimensions, among beginners, intermediate, and concluding students, compatible with the evolution of learning.
Patient safety culture, missed Nursing care and its reasons in Obstetrics
Authors: Silva Silvana Cruz da , Morais Bruna Xavier , Munhoz Oclaris Lopes , Ongaro Juliana Dal , Urbanetto Janete de Souza , Magnago Tânia Solange Bosi de Souza
Published: June 2021

Objective: to assess the correlations between the patient safety culture, the missed Nursing care, and the reasons for the omission in the obstetric area. Method: a cross-sectional study, conducted in 2019, with 62 Nursing professionals working in the obstetric area of a teaching hospital in southern Brazil. The MISSCARE-Brasil and Hospital Survey on Patient Safety Culture instruments were used. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, means comparison test and Spearman correlation. Results: the overall mean of positive answers for the safety culture was 34.9 (± 17.4). The care of assessing the vital signs and monitoring capillary blood glucose were the most prioritized, with airway aspiration and oral hygiene being the most overlooked. The main reasons for the omissions refer to labor resources and to inadequate staffing. A significant and inversely proportional correlation was found between the patient safety culture and overlooked nursing care (r=-0.393). Conclusion: the safety culture of the obstetric area was assessed as fragile by the Nursing professionals. The more the safety culture is strengthened and the greater investment in labor and human resources, the less care is overlooked.
Perception of musculoskeletal pain in the state of confinement: associated factors
Authors: Carpintero-Rubio Carlos , Torres-Chica Bárbara , Guadrón-Romero María Alexandra , Visiers-Jiménez Laura , Peña-Otero David
Published: June 2021

Objective: to describe the perception of musculoskeletal pain in the population and how the state of confinement (adopted as a measure to control contagion by COVID-19) has interfered with it, as well as identifying the sociodemographic, occupational, physical, and psychosocial factors involved. Method: an observational, cross-sectional and analytical study, with simple random probabilistic sampling, aimed at residents in Spain over 18 years old during the confinement period. An ad hoc survey was conducted, consisting in 59 items. Results: a total of 3,247 surveys were answered. Persistent musculoskeletal pain or significant episodes thereof increased 22.2% during confinement. The main location was the spine (49.5%). The related factors were decreased physical activity, increased seated position, and use of electronic devices. The psychological impact of confinement was also related to the perception of musculoskeletal pain. Conclusion: the state of confinement causes an increase in the perception of musculoskeletal pain. The identification of a particularly sensitive population profile, as well as that of the related factors, allows establishing multidisciplinary approaches in health promotion.
Risks of occupational illnesses among health workers providing care to patients with COVID-19: an integrative review
Authors: Vega Edwing Alberto Urrea , Antoniolli Liliana , Macedo Andréia Barcellos Teixeira , Pinheiro Jéssica Morgana Gediel , Dornelles Thayane Martins , Souza Sônia Beatriz Cócaro de
Published: June 2021

Objective: to analyze evidence concerning the risks of occupational illnesses to which health workers providing care to patients infected with COVID-19 are exposed. Method: integrative literature review conducted in the following online databases: Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (MEDLINE/PubMed), Web of Science (WoS), Excerpta Medica Data-Base (EMBASE), Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL) and Scopus (Elsevier). Original articles published between November 2019 and June 2020, regardless of the language written, were included. A descriptive analysis according to two categories is presented. Results: the sample is composed of 19 scientific papers. Most were cross-sectional studies with an evidence level 2C (n=17, 90%) written in English (n=16, 84%). The primary thematic axes were risk of contamination and risk of psycho-emotional illness arising from the delivery of care to patients infected with COVID-19. Conclusion: the review presents the potential effects of providing care to patients with COVID-19 on the health of workers. It also reveals the importance of interventions focused on the most prevalent occupational risks during the pandemic. The studies’ level of evidence suggests a need for studies with more robust designs.
The Serra Spanish mackerel fishery (Scomberomorus brasiliensis – Teleostei) in Southern Brazil: the growing landings of a high trophic level resource
Authors: Chaves P. T. C. , Birnfeld P. O.
Published: June 2021

Abstract In fisheries, the phenomenon known as fishing down food webs is supposed to be a consequence of overfishing, which would be reflected in a reduction in the trophic level of landings. In such scenarios, the resilience of carnivorous, top predator species is particularly affected, making these resources the first to be depleted. The Serra Spanish mackerel, Scomberomorus brasiliensis, exemplifies a predator resource historically targeted by artisanal fisheries on the Brazilian coast. The present work analyzes landings in three periods within a 50-year timescale on the Parana coast, Southern Brazil, aiming to evaluate whether historical production has supposedly declined. Simultaneously, the diet was analyzed to confirm carnivorous habits and evaluate the trophic level in this region. Surprisingly, the results show that from the 1970’s to 2019 Serra Spanish mackerel production grew relatively to other resources, as well as in individual values. The trophic level was calculated as 4.238, similar to other Scomberomorus species, consisting of a case where landings increase over time, despite the high trophic level and large body size of the resource. The results agree with a recent global assessment that has demystified a necessary correlation between high trophic level and overexploitation, but possible factors acting on the present findings are discussed.
THE BANKRUPTCY RISK IN INFRASTRUCTURE SECTORS: AN ANALYSIS FROM 2006 TO 2018
Authors: DELAPEDRA-SILVA VANDERSON A.
Published: June 2021

ABSTRACT Purpose: This research aims to identify the probability of default of infrastructure companies considering the sector specificities of their activities. In addition, the work seeks to identify the application of structural variables of probability of default in a model in a reduced way in order to identify the significance of its use. For this purpose, we investigated 1,520 North American companies from six different sectors linked to infrastructure. Originality/value: The analyzes carried out to identify the probability of a company going bankrupt hardly consider its sectorial particularity. Although most models bring important inputs for risk assessment, most of them do not consider this sectoral view. Then, this work has as value and originality the contribution to fill this gap and identify the existence of sectorial differences in the analysis of default risk in infrastructure companies in the North American market in the period between 2006 and 2018. Design/methodology/approach: The study performed a logistic regression (logit model) using 11 model variables established in calculating the probability of default. It also used the variable distance to default as an explanatory variable in order to identify its ability to explain the researched phenomenon. Findings: The study identified that, in addition to the size of the companies, the distance to default variable is the only variable that can be applied with significance in all the analyzed sectors. In addition, it was identified that companies in the oil and gas sector have less sensitivity to this variable than companies in the other sectors.
Human displacement and social recognition: the working conditions and relations of refugees and displaced people in Brazil
Authors: FARIA JOSÉ HENRIQUE DE , RAGNINI ELAINE CRISTINA SCHMITT , BRÜNING CAMILA
Published: June 2021

Abstract This research analyzes the process of inclusion and social recognition of migrants in a Brazilian city. The study presents a report of the demands from migrants in the context of a host project carried out at a Brazilian public university regarding their insertion in the world of work and in Brazilian higher education, highlighting their difficulties and expressions of suffering. Documentary research was used based on the analysis of qualitative data collected from about 300 interviews and over 1000 individual and group psychosocial consultations carried out with migrants in the city of Curitiba-PR. As a theoretical framework we adopted the category of “social recognition” proposed by Nancy Fraser (2008a) based on the debate with Axel Honneth (2009), and inspired by the category “struggle for recognition,” by Hegel (2008). Results point to the precarious inclusion of migrants in the labor market, with evident social injustice and psychological suffering.
Relationship between precarious work and racism for migrants in Brazil
Authors: PAULI JANDIR , COMIN LIDIANE CÁSSIA , RUFFATTO JULIANE , OLTRAMARI ANDREA POLETO
Published: June 2021

Abstract Amid the growing global flow of goods, workers migrating in search of work face a major challenge of integration in destination countries. Issues of racism and discrimination emerge in the workplace, causing inequality of opportunity. This research aims to describe the relationship between precarious work, discrimination at work, and perception of racism by migrant workers. The preliminary analysis of scientific production on the subject in Brazil suggests that the racist social structure is a condition for the insertion of migrant workers in precarious working conditions, compromising their social insertion. A quantitative cross-sectional study was conducted through a survey of four ethnic groups from different Brazilian regions. The results confirm the influence of precarious work on the perception of racism, with discrimination at work being a moderating variable in this relationship.
Acculturation and employment dynamics in a Brazilian NGO aimed at Haitian refugees’ social integration
Authors: SANTOS EDUARDO ESTELLITA DE OLIVEIRA , HANASHIRO DARCY MITIKO MORI
Published: June 2021

Abstract Since the earthquake in 2010, over one hundred thousand Haitians have migrated to Brazil. The issue of employment and cultural integration of refugees received intense attention from civil society between the years of 2016 and 2018, a period of economic crisis and double-digit unemployment rates in Brazil. This article aims to understand how the employment and social integration processes were combined into the activities of an NGO that works with Haitian refugees. It also investigates how these activities were adjusted to changing economic circumstances in the host country. We adopted Berry’s theoretical approach (Berry, 1997) and explored in depth the activities organized by the NGO: intercultural seminars, conversation circles, Portuguese courses, seminars for employers, mediated job interviews, and company visits after employment. We conducted in-depth interviews with the administrators, non-participant observation of the activities and documental analysis. The data was treated through content analysis (Bardin, 2008), allowing us to capture how the activities were implemented, their goals, and the organizational values that underpinned them. This study expands the literature on refugee integration by presenting the processes of employment and acculturation as inseparable phenomena, that precede or follow one another according to the socioeconomic condition of the host country and the profile of the migratory wave. By adopting the perspective of the NGO administrators, it also provides a practical contribution to legislators and social entrepreneurs who desire to structure programs for refugees that are regular, cohesive and coherent.
Refugees right to work: the characteristics of Brazilian migration policies from the end of World War II to 2019
Authors: MARTINS ANDREIA DE FÁTIMA HOELZLE , XAVIER WESCLEY SILVA
Published: June 2021

Abstract This article aims to understand the characteristics of migration policies targeted at refugees, especially concerning the right to work, from the end of World War II to 2019. Migration policy can be defined as the rights and obligations of migrants, including the guarantees and regulations immigrants have when residing in a foreign country. Labor shortages, national security, international treaties, and humanitarian issues are often recurring concerns in migration policy management. This study relied on scientific, journalistic and institutional (legislative) sources available in digital media. Documentary data analysis focusing on themes regarding migration policy, refugees, and refugee employment were used. As a result, it has been concluded that Brazil had inherited conservative, nationalist, and racist policies in the scope of migration. Furthermore, regardless of the progress made during the democratic period, there is still room for improvement in refugee assistance following its legalization in the country. The right to work and the documentation required to work legally are safeguarded to immigrants recognized as refugees. It also includes groups who have acquired the right to validate their qualifications. Nonetheless, the policy has failed to ensure access to employment and protect these groups from performing illegal work without labor rights, which, in turn, highlights the need for public policies that may intervene in this regard. In conclusion, we show the relevance of migration policies to the legal recognition of refugees’ rights, especially concerning their right to work.
Political exile in the post-2019 Brazilian context: history of exile and work-existence/resistance of a Brazilian intellectual
Authors: LOPES FERNANDA TARABAL , COSTA ALESSANDRA DE SÁ MELLO DA
Published: June 2021

Abstract Recent years have witnessed the rise of far right-wing leaders in various parts of the world. Stanley (2019) recognizes the particularities of the different nations where this phenomenon is observed but advocates for generalizing it. The author uses the label “fascism” to refer to a variety of ultranationalism. When analyzing the current Brazilian situation, Souza (2019) also refers to fascism, exploring its irrational origins and particularities in Brazil, noticing the emergence of a neo-fascism. Against this backdrop, there are cases of people leaving their countries due to the increasing violence experienced. This study explores this particular situation, presenting the history of Tiburi’s exile, a philosopher, writer, university professor, and Brazilian politician. Concerning the theoretical discussion of the case, the study recalls, among other contributions, the debate about the centrality of work and its psychological function and how it presents itself as a form of existence and resistance for political exile. The article also discusses solidarity and the ‘public space of word’, a possibility that ceases in the country of origin and is sought in expatriation, primarily through work as a mode of existence and resistance. This study uses life history research, which is a rich possibility of apprehending the social experience and the subject in their practices. It is a method particularly fruitful in the study of phenomena such as migration. It is also essential through this research to register and reflect on work in the context of the recent Brazilian political exile.
Your home, my refuge: being a refugee in Brazil
Authors: IRIGARAY HÉLIO ARTHUR REIS , ANDERSON RENATA , VELLASQUEZ FLÁVIO , FILARDI FERNANDO
Published: June 2021

Abstract The objective of this study was to reveal how refugees who live in Brazil perceive the macro-dynamics of the local society and how their response to them varies in accordance with their different psycho demographic profiles. We interviewed 24 refugees from different countries, genders, ages, and races. The interviews were taped, transcribed, and subjected to critical discourse analysis, resulting in three a priori categories: social, discursive, and textual practices. We found out that social practices did differ in terms of their countries of origin, gender, and race. The analysis of their discourses revealed three different places and roles: hero, victim, or faker. Finally, the textual analysis indicated the choice of words that subverted the hegemonic discourse of refugees, revealing resistance to the place refugees are relegated to in Brazilian society.
South-South migration: a study on refugees working in small and medium Brazilian enterprises
Authors: VERSIANI FERNANDA , CARVALHO NETO ANTONIO
Published: June 2021

Abstract This article aims to analyze the integration of refugees from the global South in the workplace of small and medium enterprises in the city of São Paulo, based on interpersonal relationships between Brazilian employers, refugee workers, and Brazilian workers. The literature focuses on South-South migration, refugees in Brazil, and their stereotypes in the workplace. The research was qualitative, using a case study. Semi-structured individual interviews and non-participant observation were conducted with 28 respondents: 7 refugee workers (2 Haitians, 2 Angolans, 1 Congolese, 1 Nigerian, and 1 Beninese); 7 Brazilian employers (4 owners and 3 managers in the services, commerce, and industry sectors); and 14 Brazilian co-workers. Results show managerial incentive to different forms of communication seeking to break the language barrier as well as explicit racism. The employers only began to worry about the integration of refugees when they had problems with Brazilians, such as disrespect for Halal food of Muslim refugees and the perception that refugees transmit diseases. Brazilian workers and employers stereotype refugees from African countries (including Haiti) as a homogeneous group of “black Africans,” reflecting a total lack of knowledge about their geographical and cultural diversity. This lack of knowledge strongly influences interpersonal relationships and makes it difficult for refugees to integrate into the workplace. This article contributes to the reflection on South-South migration, since the literature usually explores South-North and North-North migration.
Intro to this special issue: refugees/displaced people in the workplace
Authors: SEGREST SHARON L. , HURLEY-HANSON AMY E. , GIANNANTONIO CRISTINA M.
Published: June 2021

Abstract This special issue focuses on refugees’ experiences and displaced people across a diverse set of ethnicities and circumstances. The growing number of refugees and displaced people and the work and life difficulties they face are central social issues in the world today. This special issue will explore how refugees and displaced people in Brazil can be fully integrated, socialized, engaged, embraced, and affirmed into the workplace and society. Research is presented on the experiences of refugees and displaced people, a growing but under-researched segment of the world’s population. Little is known about refugees’ career experiences and displaced people and how organizations, leaders, and policymakers can assist them in finding work, maintaining employment, and creating positive life outcomes. There are 12 articles included in this special issue. They focus on three areas of refugees in the workplace. The first area explores biases in the perceptions of refugees based on factors such as skin complexion, countries of origin, and race. The second area presents research that elaborates on the theme of displacement of refugees and barriers to integration, inclusion, social recognition, and belonging. The third area examines ways in which refugees have been integrated and acculturated into Brazilian society, often through the assistance of NGOs or through the efforts of managers in the workplace. It is our hope that the research presented in this special issue will increase interest in this important topic and lead to additional future research related to reducing barriers to integration and acculturation that refugees and displaced people face.
Física de Partículas no ensino médio Parte I: Eletrodinâmica Quântica
Authors: Dorsch Gláuber Carvalho , Cunha Guio Thaisa Carneiro da
Published: June 2021

O presente trabalho é o primeiro de uma série de artigos cuja proposta principal é apresentar uma nova sequência didática para o ensino de Física de Partículas no ensino médio. Propomos uma discussão sistematizada dessa temática, englobando não só a compreensão de seus conceitos-chave, mas também da própria natureza da Ciência, dos fatores que circundam sua prática e sua relação com tecnologia, sociedade e meio-ambiente, em uma perspectiva voltada à alfabetização científica. Neste trabalho apresentamos a primeira parte dessa sequência didática, com foco na teoria quântica do eletromagnetismo: a Eletrodinâmica Quântica. Analisamos as potencialidades do material aqui proposto, aliado a uma postura dialógica docente, avaliando a presença de indicadores de alfabetização científica e de engajamento dos estudantes ao longo de intervenções aplicadas em uma escola pública estadual em tempo integral do Espírito Santo.
Prevalence of Brazilian children and adolescents who met health criteria for aerobic fitness: systematic review update for Report Card Brazil Project
Authors: Martins Priscila Custódio , Alves Junior Carlos Alencar Souza , Lima Tiago Rodrigues de , Silva Andressa Ferreira da , Moraes Mikael Seabra , Zanlorenci Suellem , Castro João Antônio Chula de , Silva Diego Augusto Santos
Published: June 2021

abstract The aim of the study was to update Brazilian evidence on the prevalence of children and adolescents who met health criteria for aerobic fitness. This systematic review is part of the Report Card Brazil Project and the search was restricted to studies published during the period from January 2018 to December 2019 in nine electronic databases. Studies with different designs, which allowed extracting information about the prevalence of children and adolescents who met health criteria for aerobic fitness (age up to 19 years or average age up to 19 years) were included. Studies published from 2020 were not included due to the possible effect of the pandemic on this indicator and because there is no certainty as to when the pandemic will end. Of the 694 studies initially identified, 13 studies with information of 14,673 children and adolescents were included after reading titles, abstracts, full texts and references. The prevalence of children and adolescents who met health criteria for aerobic fitness was 26.9% (29.7% for girls; 44.6% for boys). In this search, eight different cutoff points were used to determine adequate aerobic fitness levels and five tests were used to determine aerobic fitness. Analyzing data from the present review with the previous systematic review of this project, one third of children and adolescents in Brazil meet health criteria for aerobic fitness.
A Aprendizagem Baseada em Problemas e os Recursos Adaptativos de Estudantes do Curso Médico
Authors: Angeli Olga Aparecida , Loureiro Sonia Regina
Published: June 2021

Resumo: Caracteriza-se a maneira como estudantes de um curso médico, com diferentes recursos pessoais de adaptação, avaliam sua experiência de aprendizagem por meio da metodologia de Aprendizagem Baseada em Problemas (ABP), tendo como fonte de informação a participação em grupos de reflexão. O estudo foi desenvolvido com 12 estudantes do 2o ano do curso médico da Faculdade de Medicina de Marília. Os estudantes foram divididos em dois grupos diferenciados pelo nível adaptativo. Foram realizadas cinco reuniões de grupos de reflexão com cada um dos grupos, tendo como proposta básica que refletissem sobre a experiência de aprendizagem na ABP. Os grupos foram gravados em áudio e vídeo, sendo posteriormente categorizados e comparados. A análise dos dados sugere que o êxito da implantação da metodologia da ABP pode depender, em parte, dos recursos pessoais dos estudantes. Neste sentido, é necessário favorecer o desenvolvimento dos recursos pessoais e de maturidade dos estudantes, o que requer investimentos neste aspecto, já que a história acadêmica prévia, em geral, favorece pouco tais habilidades.
Caminhos para Aproximar a Formação de Profissionais de Saúde das Necessidade da Atenção Básica
Authors: Campos Francisco Eduardo de , Ferreira José Roberto , Feuerwerker Laura , Sena Roseni Rosangela da , Campos João José Batista , Cordeiro Hésio , Cordoni Jr Luís
Published: June 2021

Resumo: A partir da consideração de que o Sistema Único de Saúde, por mandato constitucional, deveria “ordenar” o processo de formação profissional na área da saúde e com base na importância da força de trabalho que ele absorve, os autores exploram as possibilidades de integração do processo de aprendizagem à rede de serviços de saúde. Na busca de reorientar a formação, tratam de estimular uma atuação interdisciplinar multiprofissional por meio da construção de um novo modelo pedagógico que equilibre a excelência técnica e a relevância social, com métodos de ensino-aprendizagem centrados no aluno e desenvolvidos como processo permanente, com base nas relações de parceria da universidade com os serviços de saúde, com a comunidade, com as entidades e outros setores da sociedade civil. Os autores propõem um sistema de incentivos às instituições de ensino superior, visando maior sintonia com o paradigma da integralidade. Para isto, estabelecem um mecanismo de acompanhamento classificatório que congrega os distintos eixos de um processo de mudança da organização de uma instituição de ensino na direção proposta, que incluem: a orientação teórica predominante na instituição, a abordagem pedagógica e os cenários de práticas, cada um deles abrindo-se em três vetores que marcam o grau de avanço nas mudanças em curso. Com isso, conformam uma tipologia em um “perfil radical de avaliação” da tendência a alcançar o paradigma proposto. Não se avalia com este instrumento a qualidade da instituição ou do programa, senão sua posição em relação ao SUS.
O ensino médico no Brasil está mudando?
Authors: Briani Maria Cristina
Published: June 2021

Resumo: A efetividade das mudanças na educação no Brasil é discutida a partir das teorias de currículo. A primeira parte apresenta um breve resumo das teoria de currículo - dos primeiros estudos do início do século XX nos Estados Unidos até as perspectivas críticas dos anos 70 em diante na Europa. Representadas pelos trabalhos de Althusser, Apple e Giroux, entre outros, as abordagens críticas do currículo revelaram as relações entre poder político e conhecimento escolar, currículo e reprodução social. Na segunda parte a autora discute de que forma alguns parâmetros, como as novas metodologias de ensino e a integração de disciplinas, vêm sendo considerados isoladamente como indicativos de mudanças no ensino médico sem que sejam explicitados os referenciais teórico e político mais amplos que fundamentam essas propostas.
Apoiando a educação em pesquisa dos graduandos de enfermagem
Authors: Zanchetta Margareth Santos , Fredericks Suzanne , Mina Elaine Santa , Schwind Jasna , Sidani Souraya , Miranda Joyal , Santos Walterlânia Silva , Bookey-Bassett Susan , Ehtesham Negin , Ziegler Erin , Fernandes Jean-Pierre , Lee Ken , Bailey Annette , Espin Sherry , Rose Donald , Lee Charlotte
Published: June 2021

Resumo Objetivos Descrever a experiência da implementação de um programa de treinamento de assistente de pesquisa voluntário para graduandos canadenses de Enfermagem, objetivando o desenvolvimento de habilidades de comunicação verbal e escrita, métodos de pesquisa e análise de dados, pensamento crítico e resolução de problemas, assim como o planejamento de suas carreiras e o avanço de seus papéis relacionados à pesquisa e às oportunidades administrativas e de liderança. Método Estudo descritivo com relato de experiência sobre o processo de treinamento para um novo papel profissional relativo ao engajamento dos graduandos em 11 oficinas, cada uma com duração de uma hora e o processo de apoiá-los para assumir papéis profissionais e de liderança. Resultados Os graduandos demonstraram comprometimento em todas as fases do treinamento. Destaca-se, ainda, o interesse por assumirem a liderança em atividades práticas que redefinem seu perfil profissional. Essa experiência contribuiu para construir e nutrir relações intelectuais docentes-graduandos. Os graduandos expandiram suas redes profissionais e a relação com o mentor de carreira, estão desenvolvendo suas habilidades práticas e relataram confiança em se candidatar para cargos de assistentes de pesquisa. Conclusão e implicações para a prática O treinamento pode instrumentalizá-los para escolhas de planos de carreira, ingresso no mercado de trabalho e a construção de plano para desenvolvimento profissional. O desejo genuíno dos docentes de Enfermagem, apoiando uma nova geração de enfermeiros, culminou nessa experiência de empoderamento mútuo.
Perfil vocal de indivíduos 46,XX com hiperplasia adrenal congênita
Authors: Neves Paloma Cristina Rodeiro , Toralles Maria Betânia Pereira , Scarpel Renata D´arc
Published: June 2021

RESUMO Objetivo Descrever o perfil vocal de indivíduos 46,XX com hiperplasia adrenal congênita, acompanhados no Ambulatório de Genética da Universidade Federal da Bahia (UFBA). Método Trata-se de um estudo descritivo e exploratório, com corte transversal. A amostra foi de conveniência e participaram do estudo 28 voluntários, 14 diagnosticados com hiperplasia adrenal congênita, acompanhados pela equipe multiprofissional do Ambulatório de Genética da UFBA, e 14 indivíduos 46,XX sem alterações vocais e ausência de patologia de cunho endócrino e/ou genético. A coleta das vozes foi realizada individualmente, em um ambiente silencioso, com as participantes devidamente sentadas. Realizaram-se análises perceptivo-auditiva (CAPE-V) e acústica. Resultados Em relação ao julgamento qualitativo do pitch, verificou-se que oito (61,54%) pacientes do grupo com hiperplasia adrenal congênita apresentaram um padrão vocal agravado e 8 (61,54%) do grupo sem a doença apresentaram um padrão vocal agudizado. Houve diferença estatisticamente significante entre os grupos apenas para as medidas da análise perceptivo-auditiva (CAPE-V) grau geral (p = 0,01), rugosidade (p = 0,00) e pitch (p = 0,01). Os demais parâmetros investigados na análise acústica não diferiram significativamente (p > 0,05). Conclusão O presente estudo demonstrou que indivíduos 46,XX com hiperplasia adrenal congênita, mesmo submetidos à terapêutica hormonal, apresentam qualidade vocal rugosa, pitch agravado e voz desviada.
Position of lips and tongue in rest in newborns with and without ankyloglossia
Authors: Campanha Silvia Márcia Andrade , Martinelli Roberta Lopes de Castro , Palhares Durval Batista
Published: June 2021

ABSTRACT Purpose Verify the position of lips and tongue at rest in newborns with and without ankyloglossia. Methods Cross-sectional study, carried out with 130 newborns in University Hospital. Data collection was performed by the researcher and speech-language pathologists from the Hospital. Information on gestational age, sex, weight, height and days of life was collected. The position of the lips and tongue at rest was evaluated through visual inspection with the newborns asleep. After the newborns were awakened, Neonatal Screening of the validated Protocol for the evaluation of the lingual frenulum for infants was performed to detect the alteration of the lingual frenulum. The data obtained were described and submitted to statistical analysis using the Chi-Square test to verify the association between the position of the lips with the tongue and to compare the position of the lips and tongue with and without ankyloglossia. The Mann-Whitney test was used to verify the behavior of the variables the differed between newborns with and without ankyloglossia. The significance level of 5% was adopted. Results When comparing the data, a significant difference was found between: weight and height with and without ankyloglossia; position of lips and tongue. An association between the position of the tongue and lips with and without ankyloglossia was also found. Conclusion Newborns without alteration of the lingual frenulum have a tendency to remain with their lips closed and their tongue elevated during rest and newborns with ankyloglossia have a tendency to keep their lips parted and their tongue low during rest.
Ocorrência dos processos cognitivos de leitura e escrita e habilidades perceptovisuais em escolares com Dislexia Visual
Authors: Mantovani Silvana , Magro Rafael Ribeiro , Ribeiro Rita de Cassia Helu Mendonca , Marini Adriana Maira , Martins Marielza Regina Ismael
Published: June 2021

RESUMO Objetivo Avaliar e classificar escolares disléxicos visuais, considerando que, subtipos de dislexia do desenvolvimento não são diferenciados na maioria dos diagnósticos e que os mesmos incidem em uma abordagem generalizada. Método Estudo transversal, observacional, analítico composto de 80 escolares, divididos em dois grupos, GA (disléxicos) e GB (sem queixa de dificuldade de aprendizagem) aplicando o PROLEC (prova de avaliação dos processos de leitura), o TVPS–3 (Teste Visual de Habilidades Perceptuais) e TPMBO (Teste de Proficiência Motora de Bruininks-Oseretsky) – subtestes 7 e 8. Resultados Comparando os grupos, os escolares do GA apresentaram desempenho inferior em todas as provas do PROLEC e no teste do TVPS−3. A execução nos testes de coordenação visuomotora e destreza manual do TPMBO foram inferiores. Em uma segunda etapa, triando os disléxicos visuais foram encontrados 12 (30%) escolares, que apresentaram melhor desempenho na leitura de palavras frequentes, quando comparados ao desempenho na leitura de palavras não frequentes e pseudopalavras. Nas habilidades perceptuais visuais (TVPS-3), obtiveram valores abaixo de 50%, exceto na subescala constância de forma. As ocorrências de trocas na leitura em voz alta, foram em confusão de letras, silabas ou palavras com pouca diferença na forma de escrever, mas diferentes na direção, os mesmos escolares não apresentaram trocas ou confusões entre letras, que possuem mesmo ponto e modo articulatório, e cujos sons são acusticamente próximos. Conclusão Assim caracterizar o subtipo da dislexia é fundamental, porque a aplicação das técnicas terapêuticas, dependerá do correto enfoque das alterações observadas. Portanto, é necessário um diagnóstico exato e multidisciplinar.
Silica nanoparticles and calcium on the histological characteristics and stem bending in gerbera cut flower
Authors: Alikhani Tahereh Tofighi , Tabatabaei Seyed Jalal , Torkashvand Ali Mohammadi , Talei Daryush
Published: June 2021

Abstract Silica nanoparticles and calcium are necessary for improving plant yield and decreasing stem bending in gerbera flower (Gerbera Jamesonii L.). In order to determine the optimal concentrations of silica nanoparticles and calcium in gerberas (Gerbera Jamesonii L.), a factorial experiment in the form of completely randomized design with two factors was conducted. The first factor was the concentration of silica nanoparticles (Nanoparticle-SiO2) at four rates (0, 20, 40, and 80 mg L-1) and the second factor was the concentration of calcium chelate (Ca-Chelate) at four rates (0, 60, 120, and 240 mg L-1) which were applied as nutrient solutions. After harvest, characteristics such as stem bending, cellulose content, phenyl alanine ammonia-lyase enzyme activity in leaves, and stem histological characteristics were measured. Results indicated that the lowest stem bending (deviation angle of 8.78°) was observed with applying 20 mg L-1 Nanoparticle-SiO2 and 240 mg L-1 Ca-Chelate. Comparing with control, applying 80 mg L-1 Nanoparticle-SiO2 and 240 mg L-1 Ca-Chelate increased lignin and cellulose contents by 33 and 15%, respectively. The highest amount of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (2.87 units per mg of fresh leaf) was obtained by using 60 mg L-1 calcium chelate. According to nutrient concentrations, the change patterns of xylem and stem lignification were different, which is in line with the results of the physiological studies conducted on the effects of applying silica nanoparticle and calcium in nutrient solution. Under the epidermis, there was a hypodermis (sclerenchyma) which strengthens stem tissue. Silica nanoparticles and calcium chelate due to increasing phenylalanine ammonia-lyase content and its effect on the production cycles of cellulose and lignin and increasing stem sclerenchyma, led to stems strength and lignification, which eventually decreased stem bending. According to study results, applying 40 mg L-1 Nanoparticle-SiO2 and 60 mg L-1 Ca-Chelate in hydroponic nutrient solution is recommended for growing gerbera flowers.
Terrorismo, Legitimidad y Militancia: Un Análisis Discursivo sobre ETA
Authors: Sierra Jerónimo Ríos
Published: June 2021

RESUMEN El siguiente artículo analiza la evolución y el alcance de la violencia política y el terrorismo de ETA a partir de entrevistas en profundidad realizadas a destacados miembros de la organización terrorista. Se busca abordar los instrumentos discursivos sobre la legitimación de la violencia y su comprensión en la evolución de décadas de terrorismo. Entre otros, también se analizan también los factores que debilitaron el respaldo social de ETA y se explora sobre la interpretación de la violencia política no sólo en retrospectiva, sino también con vistas al futuro político del País Vasco. En conclusión, es posible encontrar una profunda ortodoxia a la hora de aceptar y legitimar el uso de la violencia, aunque con ciertas contradicciones y sensación de amargura. Así, se trata de una contribución importante para una literatura especializada que mayormente obvia el relato de los terroristas y que cuando lo incorpora, lo hace desde posiciones de arrepentimiento o desde una excesiva proximidad a la estructura de ETA.
Novos modos de subjetivação na formação do enfermeiro em Saúde Mental
Authors: Cecilio Sumaya Giarola , Soares Amanda Nathale , Colares Laura Gazzinelli , Gazzinelli Maria Flávia
Published: June 2021

Trata-se de pesquisa cartográfica com o objetivo de analisar novos modos de subjetivação na formação do enfermeiro em Saúde Mental. A produção dos dados ocorreu por meio de entrevista semiestruturada e observação não participante, desenvolvidas durante uma disciplina de Saúde Mental de um curso de Enfermagem, no primeiro semestre de 2019. Os dados produzidos foram ancorados na Filosofia da Diferença de Deleuze e Guattari. Pela sala de aula observada, novos modos de ensinar Enfermagem em Saúde Mental puderam ser suscitados. Modos esses que refletem uma postura ético-estético-política expressiva em um território de formação não preocupado em reproduzir formas e modelos, todavia em inventar novos modos de resistir ao que está instituído.
(In)Visibilidade do usuário-trabalhador na interação com profissionais de saúde no contexto de uma Unidade de Saúde da Família
Authors: Andrade Andréa Garboggini Melo , Neves Robson da Fonseca , Carvalho Rita de Cássia Peralta , Dias Elizabeth Costa , Lima Mônica Angelim Gomes de
Published: June 2021

Buscou-se compreender como demandas de saúde relacionadas ao trabalho aparecem na interação usuário (trabalhador) – profissionais de Saúde da Família e repercutem sobre o cuidado. Adotou-se a perspectiva etnográfica para produção de dados com registro em diário de campo dos atendimentos observados, entrevistas situadas e semiestruturadas. O trabalhador tornou-se visível para os profissionais por meio de pedidos formais, manifestações clínicas, vínculo estabelecido e perfil do usuário. Nos atendimentos foram observadas respostas orientadas pela queixa clínica e lacunas na coordenação do cuidado. A (in)visibilidade do trabalhador no contexto dos atendimentos apareceu articulada e em camadas, abrangendo aspectos do indivíduo, processo de trabalho e da proteção social. Compreender essas sobreposições no cuidado aos trabalhadores na Atenção Primária pode contribuir para qualificar e ampliar a resolutividade da Atenção à Saúde no Sistema Público de Saúde.
O financiamento federal do esporte de alto rendimento no Ciclo Olímpico e Paralímpico Rio 2016
Authors: Carneiro Fernando Henrique Silva , Teixeira Marcelo Resende , Silva Dirceu Santos , Santos Mariângela Ribeiro dos , Mascarenhas Fernando
Published: June 2021

RESUMO O objetivo foi analisar o financiamento e o gasto público federal do Esporte de Alto Rendimento (EAR) no Ciclo Rio 2016. Trata-se de uma pesquisa com abordagem quanti-qualitativa, a partir da análise dos documentos coletados no Portal Transparência no Esporte e no Portal da Legislação do Governo Federal. No Ciclo Rio 2016, o Governo Federal criou diferentes dispositivos políticos e legais que buscaram alçar o Brasil à potência esportiva; eles refletiram diretamente sobre o financiamento federal do EAR. Os principais recursos do EAR do Ciclo Rio 2016 foram de patrocínio das estatais federais, concursos prognósticos e loterias para entidades esportivas, Lei de Incentivo ao Esporte e recursos do Ministério do Esporte.
Aportes das ciências sociais e humanas sobre família e parentesco: contribuições para a Estratégia Saúde da Família
Authors: Vargas Michely de Lima Ferreira
Published: June 2021

Resumo Reflete-se sobre a temática da família e do parentesco, tendo em vista sua apropriação como norte de políticas públicas na saúde, em especial a Estratégia Saúde da Família. São apresentadas contribuições de estudos clássicos de antropologia, sociologia e história sobre origens, papel social, funções e transformações da família ao longo do tempo, incluindo-se abordagens de outras questões contemporâneas. Comentam-se análises específicas sobre o Brasil desde a família patriarcal, apresentando-se dados demográficos atuais e finalizando com comentários sobre a necessidade de ampliar, na formação e nas orientações fornecidas aos profissionais da saúde, reflexões mais amplas sobre família tendo em vista fortalecer a implementação de políticas públicas.
Un viaje a la Argentina: el caso Asuero y la práctica ilegal de la medicina (Buenos Aires, 1930)
Authors: Rivero María Dolores
Published: June 2021

Resumen Indagamos el derrotero de un personaje que, durante su estadía en Argentina, incidió en la vida porteña mediante los vínculos que trazó con la ciencia galénica, la esfera política y los medios de comunicación. Nos referimos a Fernando Asuero, especialista en nariz, garganta y oídos, oriundo de San Sebastián (España), figura cuyo itinerario por Buenos Aires en 1930 nos permite avizorar enfrentamientos propios del arte de curar, campo minado de competidores y cuantiosas tradiciones concomitantes y contrapuestas. A partir de una aproximación biográfica centrada en un estudio de caso mostraremos que, en ciertas oportunidades, los litigios imbricados al monopolio cognitivo terminaron por debatirse en el interior de un juzgado.
Oceans, science, and universities: scientific study of the sea during the First Portuguese Republic
Authors: Salgueiro Ângela
Published: June 2021

Abstract Knowledge of the scientific study of the sea in the early twentieth century is essential to understand the process through which marine biology was institutionalised in Portugal. The first national biological stations were set up during the First Republic: the Estação de Zoologia Marítima da Foz in Porto, and the Aquário Vasco da Gama in Lisbon. This paper is a case study on the Estação da Foz, which played an important role by assisting the Zoology Institute at the Universidade do Porto in achieving its strategic objectives, and provides an understanding of the institutionalisation process for marine biology within a university context: its connection with teaching, research, the economy, and society.