bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Musculoskeletal disorders in sign language interpreters: a systematic review protocol
Authors: Lisboa Leandro Vieira , Nunes Sara Ribeiro , Oliveira Lorrane Caroline de , Chaveiro Neuma , Rodríguez-Martín Dolors
Published: December 2020

BackgroudFull physical, mental and social well-being is presented by the World Health Organization (WHO) as a definition for health. The relationship between "health" and "work" is present in an area known as "worker health", this area aims to promote, protect, recover and rehabilitate workers' health. It is known that different musculoskeletal disorders affect employees from the most diverse occupational groups due to their working hours, with high cognitive and physical demands according to the specificity of each labor branch. The sign language interpreter is a professional who develops his activities by carrying out communication between users of two different languages, auditory-oral and visual-gestural, due to the high cognitive and physical demand of these professionals during simultaneous interpretation, there are risks of developing disorders musculoskeletal.MethodsThe study will be conducted by two independent reviewers following the rules of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyzes (PRISMA), a search will be carried out in the main databases: LILACS; SciELO; ScienceDirect; Scopus Elsevier; PubMED; Web of Science for the selection of articles published until 2020. There will be no language or locale limitations. The assessment of methodological quality will be carried out using instruments from the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI).DiscussionThis systematic review aims to analyze the prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders in sign language interpreters from a systematic review.Systematic review registrationPROSPERO, CRD42020178849
Multimodal Imaging observation of Bietti crystalline dystrophy progression
Authors: Zhang Shengjuan , Li Qian , Wang Lifei , Peng XiaoYan
Published: December 2020

Background

Bietti crystalline dystrophy (BCD) is an autosomal recessive genetic disorder that causes progressive vision loss in patients. Here, we observed the imaging characteristics of BCD development using a multimodal imaging model.
Methods

Color fundus photography, fundus autofluorescence (FAF), infrared autofluorescence (IRAF), fundus fluorescein angiography (FFA), and spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) were used for observation of 8 eyes of 4 patients (P1-P4) with BCD.
Results

Color fundus photography showed a decrease in the number of crystalline deposits in all 8 eyes. P1 and P2 showed expanded lesion and hypo-AF areas, and IRAF images revealed choroid macrovascularitis in the hypo-IRAF region. P1’s lesion edge showed hyper-AF and (fewer) hyper-IRAF spots. P2’s lesion edge showed hyper-AF but no hyper-IRAF spots. P3 and P4 showed patchy hypo-AF areas that were enlarged and partially merged together, as well as small numbers of hyper-AF spots, but no hyper-IRAF spots. FFA showed enlargement of the lesion area. P1 and P2 showed expanded hypo-fluorescence in the posterior pole. A mottled fluorescence around the hypo-fluorescence and at the periphery, expanding to the middle periphery. P3 both eyes contained a large hypo-fluorescence area around macular area and in the middle peripheral area, with mottled fluorescence in the macular area and the peripheral area. P4 showed slight residual mottled fluorescence, whereas the entire fundus showed a large area of choroid macrovascular fluorescence. P3 and P4 showed a significant reduction in the retinal mottled fluorescence area and more clearer choroid macrovascular fluorescence, similar to the early Indocyanine green angiography (ICGA) images. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) revealed retinal and choroidal thinning, progressive loss of the outer nuclear layer and ellipsoid zone (EZ), and shortening of the choroid macrovascular diameter.
Conclusions

BCD disease develops rapidly and can progress significantly in a short time in some cases. FAF, IRAF, and OCT are advantageous non-invasive models for detecting and assessing this disease.
Quality Of Life Using A Summary Score After Neoadjuvant Treatment And Surgery For Rectal Cancer.
Authors: Araujo Rodrigo Otavio de Castro , Vieira Fernando Meton , Ornellas Ana Paula , Torres Claudia Carrada , Martins Ivanir , Guaraldi Simone , Valadão Marcus Vinicius , Linhares Eduardo , Ferreira Carlos Gil , Thuler Luiz Claudio
Published: December 2020

Introduction :Neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (neoCRT) followed by surgery is the standard of care for locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC), and sphincter preservation is a desirable endpoint, but quality of life (QOL) is often impaired after treatment. Objective To evaluate QOL in five different moments of treatment in a randomized trial comparing two different neoadjuvant regimens. Methods Stage II and III rectal cancer patients were randomized to receive neoCRT with either capecitabine (Group 1) or 5-Fu and leucovorin (Group 2) concomitant to long course radiotherapy. EORTCs QLQ C30 and CR38 were applied before treatment (T0), after neoCRT (T1), after rectal resection (T2), early after adjuvant chemotherapy (T3), and one year after end of treatment or stoma closure (T4). Wexner scale was used for continence evaluation at T4. A C30 summary score (Geisinger et cols) was calculated to compare QOL results.Results 32 patients were assigned to Group 1and 31 to Group 2. QOL was improved comparing T0 to T1 (mean 80.5 vs 88.0, p<0.001), and decreased comparing T1 to T2 (mean 88.0 vs 80.4, p<0.001). No difference in QOL summary was detected comparing T2 to T3 (79.8 vs 82.4, p=0.194) or T3 to T4 (83.0 vs 83.0, p=0.993). No difference in QOL was detected comparing the two treatment groups as clinical response was comparable. Mean Wexner scale score was 9.2, and a score ≥10 correlated with symptoms of diarrhea and defecation problems at T4. Conclusion : QOL improved after neoCRT but worsened following rectal resection, with no significant recovery during follow-up. Capecitabine and 5-Fu/Lv were equivalent in neoadjuvant regimen. Incontinence was high after sphincter preservation. C30 summary score was useful to detect differences in overall Quality of Life in addition to C30 multiple item questionnaire.
WITHDRAWN: Genome-Wide DNA Methylome and Whole-Transcriptome Landscapes of Spontaneous Intraductal Papilloma in Tree Shrews (Tupaia Belangeri)
Authors: Liu Chengxiu , Han Yuanyuan , Tong Pinfen , Kuang Dexuan , Li Na , Lu Caixia , Sun Xiaomei , Wang Wenguang , Dai Jiejie
Published: December 2020

BackgroundBreast intraductal papilloma (IP) is mainly caused by the abnormal proliferation of ductal epithelial cells. Tree shrews are a potential animal model for studying breast tumours. However, little is known about the transcriptome and DNA methylome landscapes of breast IP in tree shrews. In this work, we performed whole-genome DNA methylation and transcriptome analyses of breast IPs and normal mammary glands in tree shrews.ResultsDNA methylation profiles with a single-base resolution were generated via whole-genome bisulphate sequencing (WGBS) in both the IP and Control groups of tree shrews. This provided a genome-wide perspective regarding the epigenetic regulation of protein-coding genes in breast IP in tree shrews. The methylation levels at CG sites were considerably higher than those at CHG and CHH sites, and methylation levels were highest in gene body regions. We identified 3486, 82 and 361 differentially methylated regions (DMRs) in CG, CHG, and CHH contexts, respectively, and 701 differentially methylated genes (DMGs) were found. Furthermore, transcriptomic analysis identified 62 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), 50 long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), and 32 circular RNAs (circRNAs) in IPs compared with normal mammary glands. Correlation analysis between the DNA methylation and transcriptome data showed that 25 DMGs were also DEGs, among which the expression levels of 9 genes were negatively correlated with methylation levels in gene body regions. Importantly, integrated analysis identified three genes, PDZK1, ATP2B4 and LCP1, that could be used as candidates for further studying breast IP in tree shrews.ConclusionsOverall, this research provides the comprehensive landscape of the transcriptome and DNA methylome of spontaneous IP in tree shrews and highlights candidate genes for eliciting tumorigenesis. These results contribute to the application of tree shrews as an animal model of breast tumours.
Association of 45-bp ins/del polymorphism of uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2) and susceptibility to nonalcoholic fatty liver and type 2 diabetes mellitus in North-west of Iran
Authors: Rezapour Salehe , Khosroshahi Shiva Ahdi , Farajnia Hadi , Mohseni Fatemeh , Khoshbaten Manouchehr , Farajnia Safar
Published: December 2020

Objective: Uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2) plays a crucial role in energy homeostasis via regulation of insulin secretion, free fatty acid concentrations, and lipid metabolism. This study aimed to investigate the association of 45-bp ins/del polymorphism of UCP2 with susceptibility to NAFLD (Non Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease) and T2DM (Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus). DNA was extracted from the white blood cells of the subjects, and the gene polymorphism was determined using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). In this study, 72 patients with NAFLD, 71 healthy individuals as control, 80 patients with T2DM, and 77 healthy controls were enrolled in the study.Results: A higher prevalence of insertion/insertion genotype was observed in T2DM patients compared to the controls (p- value˂ 0.05). But, there was no difference in genotype distribution between NAFLD patients and controls (p-value> 0.05). NAFLD patients with D/D, D/I genotype had higher triglyceride, ALT, and AST levels; however, their HDL levels were lower than healthy controls. Patients with T2DM with D/D or D/I genotype also had significantly higher fasting serum glucose (FSG). While we found an association between the 45bp I/D polymorphism in 3ʹUTR of UCP2 and T2DM, no any correlation between this polymorphism and NAFLD was identified.
The relationship between energy-adjusted dietary inflammatory index (E-DII) with quality of life and inflammatory markers among overweight and obese Iranian women: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Ghodoosi Nasim , Arghavani Hana , Mirzababaei Atieh , Yekaninejad Mir Saeed , Keshavarz Seyed Ali , Imani Hossein , Shiraseb Farideh , Mirzaei Khadijeh
Published: December 2020

Objective: The objective of this study was to investigate associations between Energy-Adjusted Dietary Inflammatory Index (EDII) with quality of life and serum inflammatory markers.Results: This cross-sectional study was performed on 280 adult healthy overweigh and obese aged between 18 and 50 years old that was selected from 20 various health centers by a multistage cluster random sampling method. The mean age of the study participants was 36.30±8.05 years. Analyses were performed using multivariable linear regression, adjusting for age, weight, physical activity, smoking status, economic status, and employment status. Linear regression analysis demonstrated that E-DII were significantly associated with certain the quality of life criteria, such as physical function, mental health, and vitality (β = 5.58, 95% CI 0.72, 10.43, p = 0.024, β = 16.88, 95% CI 10.75, 23, p < 0.0001 and β = 14.29, 95% CI 9.48, 20.36, p < 0.0001, respectively). No significant associations were observed between EDII and serum level hs-CRP. It was found that dietary inflammatory potential decreased some quality of life measurements and levels in overweight and obese Iranian women.
Communication Skills of Resident Physicians in Aseer Region, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Habbash Asma Saad
Published: December 2020

Background: Effective communication improves patient-physician relationship and the overall quality of care. Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate communication skills of resident physicians at different health care facilities in Abha, Saudi Arabia.Methods: A cross-sectional, questionnaire-based study on a total of 210 resident doctors.Results: The communication skills scores were nearly normally distributed with a mean score of 113.30 ± 32.25.In comparing the skills by various socio-demographic factors, it was noted that gender and age played a significant role in specific communication skills. There was significant difference in mean scores of younger and older physicians in domains of interpretation and clarification (p < 0.001), asking (p < 0.001), feedback (p < 0.01), punishment and reward skills (p < 0.001). In asking skills, there was significant difference in mean scores of male and females (p < 0.001). Residents in the specialty of Internal Medicine had significantly higher scores than other specialties (CI 95% = 107.74–127.07; p < 0.001). Fifth-year residents had significantly higher scores than those of other levels (CI 95% =123.94-142.05; p < 0.001). Residents with more than one year of experience after the basic degree had significantly higher scores than residents with lesser experience (CI 95% = 123.76–137.68; p < 0.001). Residents who had taken training in communication skills had higher scores than those who had no prior training (CI 95% = 112.78-124.48; p = 0.07). Conclusion:The resident physicians are lacking in communication skills. Results of this study point towards a lingering need to focus on training of physicians in effective communication and efforts should be made to include it as a core competency in medical curriculum.
Transcriptome and metabolite profiling analyses provide insight into volatile aroma compounds of the apple cultivar ‘Ruixue’ and its parents during fruit development
Authors: Liu Xiaojie , Hao Nini , Feng Ruifang , Meng Zhipeng , Li Yanan , zhao zhengyang
Published: December 2020

Background: Aroma is one the most crucial inherent quality attributes of fruit. ‘Ruixue’ apples were selected from a cross between ‘Pink Lady’ and ‘Fuji’, a later ripening yellow new cultivar. However, there is little known about the content and composition of aroma compounds in ‘Ruixue’ apples or the genetic characters of ‘Ruixue’ and its parents. In addition, the metabolic pathways for biosynthesis of aroma volatiles and aroma-related genes remain poorly understood.Results: Volatile aroma compounds were identified using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Our results show that the aroma proﬁle of volatile compounds changes with ripening. Aldehydes were the dominant volatile compounds in early fruit development, with alcohols and esters increasing dramatically during maturation. In ripe fruit, esters and terpenoids were the main aroma volatiles in ripening fruit of ‘Pink Lady’ and ‘Fuji’ apples, and they included butyl 2-methylbutanoate, propanoic acid, hexyl ester, propanoic acid, hexyl ester, hexanoic acid, hexyl ester, acetic acid, hexyl ester and (Z, E)-α-farnesene. Interestingly, aldehydes and terpenoids were the dominant volatile aroma compounds in ripening fruit of ‘Ruixue’, and they mainly included 2-hexenal, 2-hexenal, octanal, (E)-2-octenal, nonanal and (Z, E)-α-farnesene. By comparing the transcriptome proﬁles of ‘Ruixue’ and its parents fruits during development, we identiﬁed a large number of aroma-related genes related to the fatty acid, isoleucine and sesquiterpenoid metabolism pathways and transcription factors that may regulate aroma biosynthesis. Conclusions: Our initial study facilitates a better understanding of the volatile aroma compounds that affect fruit flavour as well as the mechanisms underlying diﬀerences in flavour between ‘Ruixue’ and its parents.
Pro-European views in the epistolary heritage of P. Kulish
Authors: Tymofieieva Kateryna
Published: December 2020

Introduction. The epistolary heritage of Panteleimon Kulish is nebulized on the different archived establishments of not only Ukraine but also the world. Clear that it is not all places, where the manuscripts of P. Kulish are presently kept. Already the presence of this fact convincingly leads to the outstanding of the figure of P. Kulish and his value for the Ukrainian culture on the whole. His name many years not only was suppressed (his work was forbidden for the Ukrainian reader), and yet and wrong was trafficked, that inflicted incorrigible consequences for perception his descendants. Time to revive the invaluable forgotten treasures of not only Ukrainian literature but also culture came, therefore. To enter in a scientific appeal the epistolary achievements of Kulish as informative resource in the archives of Ukraine, that give an opportunity newly to read his folias and analyse pro-Europe conceptions of development of the Ukrainian culture and histories that are very actual in our stormy to us time .
Actuality. In 1920th the considerable array of epistolary inheritance of Kulish is given out, that and put beginning to scientific approach in edition of epistolary texts of kulish. But, unfortunately, nobody more in detail is stopped on an aspect exactly of European principles of Kulish, that is formed on historical national soil: Ukraine is not only included in that but also creates him.
The aim of the article consists in the scientific reconstruction of epistolary inheritance of Pantelejmon Kulish, Ukraine concentrated in archives, and also in the exposure of European principles, what creations of the Ukrainian national culture fixed in basis.
Research methodology is based, first of all, on the methods of archive, and also on a biographic analysis (for the reconstruction of vital and creative way), on a historical analysis (for the recreation of chronologic limits in that there was correspondence between addressees), cultural and historical method (sent to the exposure of European principles of construction of Ukrainian society).
Conclusions. Correspondence is an inexhaustible additional source in a study to not only activity or to history of person or establishment but also reflections of feelings, ideas, ideas that managed a sender in the moment of creation of sheet. Letters of Kulish are a living chronicle of our cultural and national life during a half a century – from a 40th to 90th XX century. Character Kulisha is character of living man, with her defects, alarms, eternal search of ideal, that changed opinions and looks, but inflexibly believed in truth of the Ukrainian national idea. Exactly on national principles lines up to the Europe an conception development and activity of any society. That is why Kulish was the first of that time Ukrainian European and it was brightly represented in his lettres.

Key words: P. Kulish, lettre, epistola, European context, national self-definition.
Qualitative transformations in the media-political space of Ukraine
Authors: Temchur Karyna
Published: December 2020

Introduction. At present, political scientists are stating the crisis of traditional politics.
Due to the lack of trust in professional politicians in the world, the men of show business are winning the election. A similar phenomenon is observed in Ukraine, where the showman V. Zelensky won the last presidential election. His political campaign was conducted with the use of social networking resources and transformed genres of political communication, which attracted the attention of young people and citizens who are tired of traditional politics.
The relevance of the study is related to the need to examine the transformations that have happened in the Ukrainian media system in 2019.
The purpose of the article is to describe the changes in political communication in Ukraine.
Methods. The study was conducted by methods of modeling, comparative analysis and
media monitoring.
Results. In political communication, there are new genres: move- interviews, press
marathons, stadium debates, appeals instead of the incumbent president. Their characteristic features are the democratization of language, the use of the latest technical means, a move from political formality and seriousness, the use of humor, intimation, the creation of the effect of involvement.
The reasons for the transformation of traditional genres of political communication are
the transition of political discourse into a show format, the presence of a contrasting image of the opponent, global political and digital trends.
Conclusions. The article first describes the transformation of genres of political
communication during and after the 2019 election campaign in Ukraine and its factors. The results of the study can be applied in the preparation of the next political campaigns. The experience of the election campaign in Ukraine has shown the effectiveness of using modified genres of political communication.

Keywords: political communication, the transformation of genres, genres of political
communication.
Hate speech in Ukrainian internet space: religious context
Authors: Kozyryatska Svetlana
Published: December 2020

Introduction. Recently in the Ukrainian media space, there are a lot of info texts on
religious topics; however, special attention should be given to the problem of hate speech used in such texts, as a repetition of certain messages that employ negatively colored or offensive lexis in relation to denominations is an indicator of influence on public opinion which can provoke the aggressive public mood.
The relevance of the study. The aim of this paper is to study the peculiarities of using hate speech in info texts on religious topics represented in the Ukrainian online space. It includes, in particular, monitoring of the Internet in order to detect those secular and denominational resources that employ expressive means of hate speech in headlines or info texts on religious topics, as well as the study of lexical, stylistic, structural, and other peculiarities of hate speech and discovery of reasons for using it.
Research methods. The research is grounded on the information approach; the method of academic literature analysis was used for general exploration of the subject, for defining the level of the theoretical study of such aspect of religious journalism as the use of hate speech by secular and denominational mass-media in reports on religious topics; methods of analysis and generalization – to distinguish the expressive means of hate speech that are used in the religious segment of the Internet space, and to determine the causes of their application.
Results. The following reasons for hate speech use have been defined: 1) with the aim of influencing public opinion, i.e. forming a negative image of a confession, and humiliating its status; 2) with the aim of making web headlines more ardent by means of expressive lexis use, which, in its turn, is capable of provoking readers’ interest and attracting new visitors to the website. There are such particularly the appeal to political stereotypes, as well as the use of politically-marked words and political slang, jargonisms, vulgarisms, dysphemisms, stylistic lowering that secure the desired expressive effect. The importance of a communicator’s status, which gives more value to a message, has been highlighted. Usually, the use of hate speech is grounded on binary opposition ‘friend-or-foe’.
Conclusions. The academic novelty of this research is determined by singling out the
peculiarities (lexical, stylistic, structural, etc.) of hate speech in the religious segment of the Ukrainian online space and by discovering the reasons for using it. A prospect for further research is the study of communication between church and state in the Ukrainian media.

Keywords: mass media, religious topics, Internet resources, hate speech, information
confrontation, stereotypes.
PARK MONUMENT OF LANDSCAPE ART OF LOCAL IMPORTANCE VOLOKYTYNSKYI: HISTORY, CURRENT STATE, AND PROSPECTS AS A TOURISM OBJECT
Authors: Mykhailichenko M. A. , Kudinov D. V
Published: December 2020

The history of formation and the current state of the park monument of landscape art of local importance Volokytynskyi (village Volokytyne in Putyvl raion of Sumy oblast) are researched.
The founding of the park monument of landscape art of local importance Volokytinskyi
is connected to the name of Andriy Mykhailovych Myklashevskyi (1801-1895). In 1829 he began the construction of his family estate in the village Volokytyne, building a manor house and laying a park. In 1846-1857 a brick, cross-shaped, single-domed Church of the Intercession and a three-tiered bell tower on the western facade were built. The manor was surrounded by a high fence made of crude stone which had two gothic-style gates - entrance gates and so-called Golden Gates.
These two gates are the only remains of the architectural structures of the palace and
park ensemble which have survived to the present day. Due to their historical and artistic value, they can become an attractive tourist object. Some of the landmarks of nature are also of tourist interest, including a four-hundred-year-old two-stem oak, which is a dumb witness of the presence of the future hetman Pavlo Skoropadskyi in the estate.
Thus, the architectural complex of the park monument Volokytynskyi has suffered considerable losses, however, in view of the history of the estate and the prominent people associated with it (including hetman Pavlo Skoropadskyi), the park monument of landscape art of local importance Volokytynskyi has the potential not only as an object of ecological tourist recreation but also of cultural and educational tourism.

Keywords: Andriy Myklashevskyi (Andrey Miklashevsky), Myklashevskyi estate, village
Volokytyne (Volokitino), Sumshchyna monuments.
Soil Temperature Mediated Seedling Emergence and Field Establishment in Bentgrass Species and Cultivars during Spring in the Northeastern United States
Authors: Ebdon J. Scott , DaCosta Michelle
Published: December 2020

Reestablishment of damaged golf greens and fairways planted to creeping bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera), colonial bentgrass (A. capillaris), and velvet bentgrass (A. canina) is a common practice following winter injuries. Identifying bentgrass species (Agrostis sp.) and cultivars with the potential to establish under low soil temperatures would be beneficial to achieving more mature stands earlier in the spring. Twelve bentgrass cultivars, including seven cultivars of creeping bentgrass (007, 13-M, Declaration, L-93, Memorial, Penncross, and T-1), two colonial bentgrass cultivars (Capri and Tiger II), and three velvet bentgrass cultivars (Greenwich, SR-7200, and Villa), along with ‘Barbeta’ perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne) were evaluated for grass cover in the field during early spring. Bentgrass species and cultivars were seeded in the field at the same seed count per unit area. Soil temperatures were monitored in unseeded check plots from initial planting date on 8 Apr. to termination on 29 May 2013. Soil temperatures increased linearly during the 52-day experimental period from 4.7 to 23.5 °C. All species and cultivars emerged at ≈10 °C soil temperature. Bentgrass species and cultivars varied only 2 to 3 days in their initial seedling emergence, while days varied among bentgrasses from 5.5 days (to 10% cover) to 8.6 days (to 90% cover). All velvet bentgrass cultivars required higher soil temperatures (13.6 °C) and more time (26 days) following initial seedling emergence to establish to 90% cover in the early spring. Creeping bentgrass cultivars 007, 13-M, and Memorial, along with colonial bentgrass cultivars Capri and Tiger II, were statistically equal to ‘Barbeta’ perennial ryegrass in their capacity after seedling emergence to achieve faster cover at lower soil temperatures. Heavier (larger) bentgrass seed was associated with faster cover during the early stages of establishment, but seed size was uncorrelated with establishment during later stages from 50% to 90% cover.
Mentorystės reikšmė pradedančiųjų muzikos mokytojų profesinėje veikloje
Authors: Bušmaitė Eglė , Kavaliauskienė Angelė
Published: December 2020

Pradedantieji muzikos pedagogai pirmaisiais profesinės veiklos metais susiduria su problemomis, kurias galėtų padėti spręsti labiau patyręs pedagogas – mentorius. Mentorystė yra apibrėžiama kaip bendradarbiavimas, paremtas iš anksto sudarytu planu, kuris patenkina asmenybės augimo poreikius. Tai procesas, kuris yra susijęs su patirtiniu mokymusi, formuojant globojamo asmens požiūrį į pedagoginį darbą, atsakomybę ir pareigas. Mentoriaus veikla yra įvairialypė, tad jam reikalingas platus kompetencijų, žinių, vertybių, asmeninių savybių ir gebėjimų spektras. Jo kompetencijos grindžiamos ne tik profesiniais, pedagoginiais, asmeniniais, bet ir vadybiniais, suaugusiųjų mokymo ir konsultavimo bei administravimo gebėjimais.Kokybinio tyrimo metu norėta išsiaiškinti, su kokiais sunkumais ir problemomis susiduria pradedantieji muzikos mokytojai ir kas galėtų padėti jas spręsti, o kartu ir integruotis į profesinę darbo rinką. Tyrimo tikslui pasiekti buvo panaudota mokslinės ir metodinės literatūros analizė, standartizuotas atvirasis interviu. Tyrimas vyko 2020 m. balandžio mėnesį, jame dalyvavo 8 pradedantieji dirbti muzikos pedagogai.Kokybinis tyrimas atskleidė, kad daugelis pradedančiųjų muzikos pedagogų susiduria su adaptacijos laikotarpiu. Adaptacijos laikotarpiu kylančias įvairias profesines problemas – praktinės patirties trūkumą, nepakankamą drausmę klasėje, nedraugišką  kolegų požiūrį, neigiamus emocinius išgyvenimus – iš dalies galėtų  padėti spręsti skirtas patyręs pedagogas – mentorius. Pradedančiajam muzikos pedagogui labiausiai  reikalinga pagalba yra trijose kryptyse: profesinėje (pedagoginėje ir dalykinėje), ugdytinių pažinimo ir aktyvaus ugdymo įstaigos įsitraukimo. Sėkmingai pradedančiųjų muzikos pedagogų profesinei veiklai didžiausią įtaką turi teigiamos mentoriaus savybės, tokios kaip bendravimas ir bendradarbiavimas, motyvacija, pozityvumas, lojalumas bei atsakingumas.
OUTCOME OF SINGLE STAGE SPHINCTER SPARING SCARLESS ( 5S) PROCEDURE FOR RECTOVESTIBULAR FISTULA: A RETROSPECTIVE ANALYSIS
Authors:   Muhammad Riaz-ul-Haq, FCPS,FEBPS, Assistant Professor Paed. Surgery, AIMC and Jinnah Hospital Lahore., Riaz-Ul-Haq Muhammad , Kashif Chishti Muhammad ,   Muhammad Kashif Chishti, FCPS, Professor of Paed.Surgery Children Complex Multan., Raza Wasti Arsalan ,   Arslan Raza Wasati, FCPS, HOD, Paed. Surgery, AIMC and Jinnah Hospital Lahore., Jam Mazhar ,   Mazhar Rafi, FCPS, Professor of Paed.Surgery, Sheikh Zayed Medical College Rahim Yar Khan., Naeem Binish ,   Binish Naeem, PGR, Paed.Surgery, Jinnah Hospital Lahore., Sultan Yasir ,   Yasir Sultan, PGR, Paed.Surgery, Jinnah Hospital Lahore.
Published: December 2020

Background: Anorectal malformations (ARM) in girls comprise of a wide spectrum of disease ranging from imperforate anus to common cloaca, a complex malformation. Recto-vestibular fistula (RVF) is the commonest ARM in female patients. Many surgical procedures have been mentioned in the literature but trend is changing from staged to single stage procedure. Objectives: To evaluate post operative results of Single Stage Sphincter Sparing Scarless (5S) procedure for RVF. Methods: It is a retrospective case series of 24 patients with RVF who were admitted in the Department of Paediatric Surgery Jinnah Hospital Lahore and the Children Hospital and the Institute of Child Health Multan from October 2018 to September 2019, between 14 days and 4 years of age , underwent single stage sphincter sparing scarless procedure without any colostomy, anterior or posterior midline incision or division of sphincteric complex. Site of neo-anus was marked with the help of muscle stimulator and all surgeries were done under general anesthesia after meticulous gut preparation. Post operatively patients were kept nil per oral for 5 days to avoid wound contamination due to stool. Follow up was done for six months to evaluate outcome. Authors used a new name for single stage procedure. Results: Mean age was 160 days, operative time 78 minutes and hospital stay 6.8 days. 9 (37.5%) patients were diagnosed with some other associated congenital anomalies like congenital heart disease (CHD), renal anomalies, hemisacrum, syndactyly, talipes equino varus(TEV) and Downs syndrome. As a whole 13(24) presented with complication. 4(16.64%) patients presented with constipation, 3(12.5%) excoriation, 2(8.32%) anal stenosis, 2(8.32%) soiling, 1(4.16%) retraction of rectum and 1(4.16%) superficial wound infection. Patient with retraction was planned for re-do surgery, all others were managed conservatively. Conclusion: Single stage sphincter sparing scarless ( 5S) procedure for recto-vestibular fistula is safe, simple and cost effective technique. Patient suffering is minimum, as there is no colostomy, so no multiple surgeries. Complications are minimum and comparable to staged procedure.
THE OPPORTUNITIES AND BARRIERS OF BICYCLE EXPORT FROM BANGLADESH: A STUDY ON M & U CYCLES LTD, MEGHNA GROUP
Authors:   ijar, Ali Ahosan Habib Md.
Published: December 2020

The cycle industry, M & U Cycles Ltd is a sister concern of Meghna group was established in 1982 in Gazipur, Dhaka. At Present 600 nos. or above worker works in this M & U Cycles industry. In The Last year from this M & U Cycles industry total 1, 30,000 Pcs bicycle assembled/produced and exported to different countries.The Product of Bicycle which exports from Bangladesh has great opportunities to earn foreign exchanges i.e. foreign currency can be used to develop this country. Now a Days, as per we know the total annual turnover of M & U Cycles Ltd only from export 30 million USD per year .Thats why this is great opportunities by exporting bicycle from Bangladesh.While my study for preparing this internship report it seems to me that particular sector (Bicycles) is very much facing the financial problem. The loan interest rate is too high for the sector to accomplish export processing, and also that sector is very much depended on import of raw materials. It seems to me that M & U Cycles Ltd, is always try to get their sustainable growth in the competitive market. In very recent time the government of Bangladesh has taken some significant decision to face the situation of economic recession. The governments takes a package of Tk 25000-30000 crore in order to priorities protection of the export oriented industries, agricultural growth, employment generation and social security to offset the negative effects of the global economic crisis. They also recommended creation of an export stabilization fund, retention and skill development for returning migrant workers, infrastructure development and simplification and streamliner of rules and procedures to help entrepreneur. According to IMF gradation, Bangladesh ranked as the 48th largest economy in the world in 2008. The economy has grown at the rate of 6.7%. The Bicycles industry sector must be played a very significant role there. In spite of economical recession of the world as well as in the country, M & U Cycles Ltd is one of the participators of earning foreign currency in Bangladesh. In the package are also measures like adoption of effective steps to provide necessary scope and facilities to workers and employees to perform social responsibility by management to fulfill compliance with standards set by the foreign buyers, reducing import dependence through ensuring supply of quality local raw materials in production of Bicycle exports.
SOCIO-ECONOMIC SIGNIFICANCE OF THE PRESIDENTIAL ORDER KNOWN AS CONSTITUTION [SCHEDULED CASTES] ORDER 1950 IN THE LIFE OF DALITS IN KERALA
Authors:   Assistant Professor of Economics, Post Graduate Deartment of Economics, Sri C Achuthamenon Government College, Thrissur, Manuraj Siyar
Published: December 2020

Untouchables, depressed class people, Chandalas or politically known as Dalits and officially recognized as Scheduled Castes in India are historically placed in different religions. They share a common history of oppression, economic deprivations and denial of human rights. Though they belong to different religions, their common cultural ancestry is an undeniable reality. The Presidential Order known as Constitution [Scheduled Castes] order 1950 limits the Scheduled Caste Status only to such untouchable people who profess Hinduism, Sikhism or Buddhism. The order excludes Dalit Muslim and Dalit Christian from the ambit of Scheduled caste status. The article problematizes the historical and political contexts in which the exclusion of certain castes happened and the contemporary historical realities that necessitate the inclusion of Dailit Christians and Dalit Muslims into the Scheduled Caste List and how the denial aborts political and cultural unity of Dalits across different religions.
FAUNA OF APHIDS (HOMOPTERA, APHIDINEA) OF ACCLIMATIZED TREES AND SHRUBS IN TASHKENT
Authors:   Senior Researcher, Candidate of Biological Sciences, Laboratory of Anti-parasitic preparations, Institute of Zoology of the Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, Uzbekistan., Khodjaeva Mahmuda Usmanovna Mansur , Zumrad Abduhakimovna Ganieva ,   Senior Researcher, Candidate of Biological Sciences, Laboratory of Anti-parasitic preparations, Institute of Zoology of the Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, Uzbekistan., Islomjon Ilhomjonovich Zokirov ,   Doctor of Biological Sciences, Associate Professor, Fergana State University, Fergana, Uzbekistan., Gulnora Saydaripovna Mirzaeva ,   Senior Researcher, Candidate of Biological Sciences, Laboratory of Entomology, Institute of Zoology of the Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, Uzbekistan., Zukhra Yuldashevna Akhmedova ,   Senior Researcher, Candidate of Biological Sciences, Laboratory of Anti-parasitic preparations, Institute of Zoology of the Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, Uzbekistan., Mukhabbat Khamidullaevna Khashimova ,   Senior Researcher, Candidate of Biological Sciences, Laboratory of Anti-parasitic preparations, Institute of Zoology of the Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, Uzbekistan.
Published: December 2020

This work contains the comparative analysis of the long-term research of the aphids (Homoptera, Aphidinea) fauna of trees and shrubs acclimatized in Tashkent against the scientific research held by the regional and global lead aphidologists. According to the results, the aphidsof acclimatized trees and shrubs inTashkent consists of 6 families, 113 species of 50 genera and 1 subspecies. In addition, 1 genius and 1 species were first recorded in Uzbekistan with 1 species in the fauna of Central Asia, and 44 species in Tashkent, in particular. The dendrophages lives on 179 species of trees and shrubs. Population density of 57 species of aphids are massive (high), 40 species Â– medium and 16 species - few. tem for natural insemination cattle have been introduced.
Index selection of Kazakh karakul sur-type sheep with platinum shades
Authors: DYUSEGALIYE MUKHIT , BISENOV UTENBERGEN , NURGALIYEVA AYMAN , ADIETOVA ELMIRA
Published: December 2020

Aim of the study: Karakul sheep farming is one of the effective subsectors of animal breeding in the southwestern region of Kazakhstan. Sheep coloring is a result of genetic factors. Breeding can provide farmers with offspring of the desired color through the selection of parental couples. Materials: This research introduces an index method for breeding sur-type sheep with the proportion of underfur fibers under 25%. Such a proportion of underfur fibers provides a 15.25% deeper color within the breed at the 25.3% higher chance of getting platinum shades. Methods: Platinum coloring in sheep makes them less piebald. The inheritance index is quite stable and is within 55.66-65.66%. In the breeding flock, the initial proportion of sur-type lambs which could be used in coat making (elite class) was up to 8.72%. The analysis of platinum color heritability by Kazakh sur-type karakul sheep shows that this color is inherited as a dominant one in the line breeding. The share of sur-type sheep with platinum shades was between 85.85% and 87.27%. Results: The difference in the inherited trait between the groups of sheep selected according to the proportion of underfur fibers was insignificant, 0.99-1.42% (P > 0.05). The stabilizing selection introduced into the theory of line breeding of Kazakh sur-type sheep allowed optimizing the variability of selected features to the level of desired parameters. The authors have proposed the index selection method for sur-type sheep breeding that can be applied to improve the Atyrau sheep flock, to increase their genetic potential, and to apply various line breeding levels to accelerate the breeding process. Conclusions: The originally designed method for improving breeding indexes will be useful when setting optimal breeding goals (fur color and quality) and assessing genetic parameters of a certain sheep flock. The study was approved by the Ethics Committee attached to the Far Eastern State Agrarian University (Protocol No. 5 of 25 May 2010).
PROPAGOWANIE LUB POCHWALANIE ZACHOWAŃ O CHARAKTERZE PEDOFILSKIM
Authors: Rosiak Łukasz
Published: December 2020

Niniejszy artykuł dotyczy przestępstwa publicznego propagowania lub pochwalania zachowań o charakterze pedofilskim. W ramach tekstu analizowane są kolejne elementy struktury tego występku, tj. przedmiot, strona przedmiotowa, podmiot oraz strona podmiotowa. Sama idea wprowadzenia przepisu do kodeksu karnego świadczy o szczególnym znaczeniu, jakie ustawodawca przykłada do ochrony małoletnich przed nadużyciami seksualnymi. Zwieńczenie artykułu stanowią propozycje modyfikacji przepisu zgodnie między innymi z postulatami doktryny.
DOMNIEMANIE PRZESTĘPNEGO POCHODZENIA MIENIA (ART. 45 § 2 I 3 K.K.)
Authors: Zaborska Katarzyna
Published: December 2020

Przedmiotem niniejszego opracowania jest uregulowana w art. 45 § 2 i 3 k.k. instytucja domniemania przestępnego pochodzenia mienia. W artykule poddano analizie ostatnie zmiany legislacyjne w zakresie wyżej wskazanych przepisów, dokonane na mocy ustawy z 23 marca 2017 r. o zmianie ustawy – Kodeks karny oraz niektórych innych ustaw (Dz. U. poz. 768) oraz ustawy z 20 lutego 2015 r. o zmianie ustawy – Kodeks karny oraz niektórych innych ustaw (Dz. U. poz. 396), które w zamyśle ustawodawcy miały poprawić efektywność realizacji założeń współczesnej polityki kryminalnej. Zwrócono także uwagę na praktyczne aspekty omawianej instytucji, w tym na potencjalne problemy interpretacyjne, jakich może dostarczać wykładnia art. 45 § 2 i 3 k.k. w obecnym brzmieniu.
OBOWIĄZKI PRACODAWCY W ZAKRESIE BEZPIECZNYCH I HIGIENICZNYCH WARUNKÓW PRACY PRZY TELEPRACY WYKONYWANEJ W DOMU
Authors: Reda-Ciszewska Anna
Published: December 2020

Artykuł dotyczy regulacji prawnej w zakresie obowiązków pracodawcy z obszaru bezpieczeństwa i higieny pracy względem telepracownika wykonującego pracę w domu. Jeśli telepracownik wykonuje pracę w domu, pracodawca jest obowiązany wykonywać obowiązki z zakresu bezpieczeństwa i higieny pracy względem telepracownika z wyjątkiem tych wyraźnie wskazanych w art. 6717 k.p. Wyłączenie to jest uznawane za dosyć wąskie, co może być przyczyną niewielkiego zainteresowania pracodawców tą formą organizacji pracy w praktyce. Realizacja obowiązków z zakresu bhp przez pracodawcę względem telepracownika domowego może być utrudniona przez obowiązek poszanowania prywatności telepracownika. Telepraca domowa rodzi także problemy dla pracodawców oraz Państwowej Inspekcji Pracy, związane z kontrolą warunków pracy telepracowników domowych. Artykuł dotyczy głównych problemów związanych z tematem bezpieczeństwa i higieny pracy przy telepracy domowej.
THE LEGAL CHARACTER AND STATUS OF THE ARCTIC COUNCIL WITHIN THE FRAMEWORK OF INTERNATIONAL LAW OF THE SEA AND THE ARCTIC. THE ROLE OF INDIGENOUS PEOPLES IN THE ARCTIC COUNCIL AND ITS FUTURE DEVELOPMENT
Authors: Farmas vel Król Filip
Published: December 2020

This article describes the legal character and status of the Arctic Council, focusing on the Council’s structure and powers in regional cooperation in the Arctic and elaborating on the decision-making process and the role of the indigenous peoples, both currently and from the point of view of suggested new legislation. The Arctic Council is also presented as a body in the tangible world, where other states and organisations may have a certain extent of inﬂuence over the Council’s capabilities. China and the European Union are good examples of such external agents.

The aim of this article is to analyse the role of the indigenous peoples and their organisations in the Arctic Council. Te presence of representative bodies of the indigenous peoples within the frameworkof the Arctic Council is considered significant. I hold the view that an extensive range of powers should be granted to the organisations representing the indigenous peoples within the Arctic Council. My article elaborates on the details of these powers and their significance.
WPŁYW SZTUCZNEJ INTELIGENCJI NA POSTĘPOWANIE W PRZEDMIOCIE UDZIELENIA PATENTU NA WYNALAZEK
Authors: Wojtczak Małgorzata
Published: December 2020

W artykule przedstawiono procedurę udzielania ochrony patentowej w kontekście polskich przepisów z uwzględnieniem wykorzystania sztucznej inteligencji. Prawo patentowe jest jedną z głównych dziedzin prawa własności przemysłowej i definiowane jako zespół norm prawnych regulujących stosunki związane z ochroną patentową, dotyczącą innowacji technicznych, w tym w szczególności wynalazków. Kształtowanie ochrony patentowej ma swoje bezpośrednie przełożenie na rozwój gospodarki oraz dobrobytu w kraju. Podnoszenie świadomości wśród społeczeństwa w tym zakresie przysparza wymierne korzyści dla państwa. Usprawnienie tej procedury poprzez udział sztucznej inteligencji w zakresie przede wszystkim analizy dokumentacji zgłoszeniowej zasadniczo skróci czas oczekiwania na rozstrzygnięcie sprawy, a tym samym zwiększy liczbę składanych zgłoszeń na wynalazki.
THE JUDGE AND THE RULE OF LAW
Authors: Forte David F.
Published: December 2020

In the American system of justice, based on the common law method, the judge enjoys greater independence than do the judges in Civil Law systems. Independence of the judiciary is essential in a system of checks and balances where the more powerful elements of the legislature and the executive must be limited by legally enforced principles. At the same time, judicial independence is constrained within moral limits by a system of positive law rules that direct the judge to make reasoned judgments that he must justify by open opinions.
WYKLUCZENIE PAŃSTWA CZŁONKOWSKIEGO Z ORGANIZACJI MIĘDZYNARODOWEJ
Authors: Kubas Sabina
Published: December 2020

Znaczenie organizacji międzynarodowych we współczesnym świecie, a w szczególności ich członków, którzy posiadają szerokie spektrum możliwości przynależenia do poszczególnych społeczności wzrasta z roku na rok, co umożliwia im kształtowanie własnych interesów narodowych przy pomocy narzędzia, jakim są właśnie organizacje międzynarodowe. Formą ograniczenia a wręcz pozbawienia praw przysługujących państwom, które należą do organizacji międzynarodowej jest ich wykluczenie ze struktur organizacyjnych. Jest to swego rodzaju konsekwencja, z którą państwo członkowskie musi sobie radzić dopuszczając się określonych działań naruszających podstawy funkcjonowania tejże organizacji. Nie każdy czyn godzący w interesy organizacji stanowi podstawę wykluczenia. Jest to najdotkliwszy ze skutków, jakie organizacja może przewidywać w swoim statucie, ponieważ to właśnie akt założycielski zawiera postanowienia w tym zakresie. Wykluczenie z organizacji jest, jako przejaw mocy organizacji w stosunku do członków, podstawą jej władzy nad członkami.