bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Development and Characteristics of Multipurpose Transparent Polyurethane Film
Authors: Nam Hyun Jin , Choa Sung-Hoon , Park Se-Hoon
Published: April 2021

In industry, recent research developments include flexible films and foldable films. The next step is the development of stretchable films, and studies are being intensively carried out. Research on the development of stretchable and transparent materials is also increasing greatly.
Currently, polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) is the most commonly used film in the industry. However, PDMS surfaces are hydrophobic, so their use is limited to making materials and compounds with hydrophilic properties. In this study, we developed a transparent polyurethane film that can be used
for multiple purposes. A transparency comparison between the transparent polyurethane film and the general polyurethane film was used to verify their future application. The conventional polyurethane films showed a transmittance rate of 2.2 percent, but the transparent polyurethane films achieved
a high transmittance rate of 85 percent. To determine whether the film can be realized, we produced a conductive paste using resin for the transparent polyurethane film. In addition, a conductive paste was made based on the material used in the transparent polyurethane film to verify the hardness
and reliability of the adhesion of electrodes, and we confirmed this with thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The transparent polyurethane based paste was made with stretchable electrodes through a screen printing method. The manufactured stretchable electrodes were demonstrated by mechanical
and adhesion tests. Finally, a permittivity test was conducted to determine the suitability of the film for application to printed electrodes for antennas in the future. The genetic rate of transparent polyurethane films was better than that of conventional polyurethane films. Moreover, the
adhesion of the transparent polyurethane film and stretchable electrodes was as good as that of conventional polyurethane film and stretchable electrodes, and observation by optical microscopy confirmed that the printing performance was also excellent. In addition, the conductive paste made
based on the transparent polyurethane film material was cured for 1 hour at 120 °C, and TGA analysis confirmed that both the binders and curing agent responded well in the test for curing the developed stretchable electrodes and transparent polyurethane.
Plasmon-Enhanced Ultraviolet Photoluminescence from the Graphene/GaN Nanofilm
Authors: Li Jitao , Zhu Qiuxiang , Ding Jinyang , Zhang Guixia , Han Jiajia , Zhang Saiwen
Published: April 2021

The response of graphene surface plasmon (SP) in ultraviolet (UV) wavelength region and its functional applications on the short wavelength of graphene/semiconductorare both fascinating research areas. Herein, a hybrid structure of graphene/GaN nanofilm was designed and fabricated to
investigate the photoluminescence (PL) performance and the coupling dynamics. It is demonstrated that the resonant coupling between graphene SPs and GaN exciton emission is responsible for the substantially enhanced PL from the structure of graphene/GaN nanofilm. The underlying mechanism of
the improved PL performance was proposed based on theoretical simulation and experimental characterization. The results are helpful to design new types of optic and photoelectronic devices based on SP coupling in graphene/semiconductor hybrid structures.
Carrier-Gas Induced Changes in the Structural, Stoichiometric and Photocatalytic Characteristics of Gallium Oxide Nanostructures
Authors: Jubu P. R. , Yam F. K.
Published: April 2021

Ga2O3/ITO/glass photoelectrodes prepared by the CVD method has rarely been tested in the electrochemical cell for water splitting. In this study, we investigate the photoelectrolytic performance of Ga2O3/ITO-glass photocatalysts produced by
the high-temperature CVD route. The changing of N2 carrier gas flow rate from 0 to 1800 seem induces change in the materials properties. XRD signal strength of the produced bi-phase Ga2O3 is observed to deteriorate, while diffraction line width broadens with
increasing N2 supply. Films show a combination of nanoclumps and nanostrips morphology. Ga/O ratio decreases, while the optical bandgap gradually increases from 4.37 to 4.42 eV with increasing O content and crystallite size. Photoluminescence measurements show UV, blue, green and
red emissions, respectively. Linear sweep voltammetry of the electrodes in 0.1 M KOH electrolyte shows improvement in photocurrent density from 160 to 257 μA/cm2 versus Ag/AgCl at 1 V bias, and a maximum photon-to-current conversion efficiency 0.06%.
Evaluation of the subseasonal forecast skill of floods associated with atmospheric rivers in coastal Western U.S. watersheds
Authors: Cao Qian , Shukla Shraddhanand , DeFlorio Michael J. , Ralph F. Martin , Lettenmaier Dennis P.
Published: April 2021

Atmospheric rivers (ARs) are responsible for up to 90% of major flood events along the U.S. West Coast. The timescale of subseasonal forecasting (two weeks to one month) is a critical lead time for proactive mitigation of flood disasters. The NOAA/Climate Testbed Subseasonal Experiment (SubX) is a research-to-operations project with almost immediate availability of forecasts. It has produced a reforecast database that facilitates evaluation of flood forecasts at these subseasonal lead times. Here, we examine the SubX driven forecast skill of AR-related flooding out to 4-week lead using the Distributed Hydrology Soil Vegetation Model (DHSVM), with particular attention to the role of antecedent soil moisture (ASM), which modulates the relationship between meteorological and hydrological forecast skill. We study three watersheds along a transect of the U.S. West Coast: the Chehalis River basin in Washington, the Russian River basin in Northern California, and the Santa Margarita River basin in Southern California. We find that the SubX driven flood forecast skill drops quickly after week 1, during which there is relatively high deterministic forecast skill. We find some probabilistic forecast skill relative to climatology as well as ensemble streamflow prediction (ESP) in week 2, but minimal skill in weeks 3-4, especially for annual maximum floods, notwithstanding some probabilistic skill for smaller floods in week 3. Using ESP and reverse-ESP experiments to consider the relative influence of ASM and SubX reforecast skill, we find that ASM dominates probabilistic forecast skill only for small flood events at week 1, while SubX reforecast skill dominates for large flood events at all lead times.
Medical Student Attitudes Toward Blood Donation in Times of Increased Need
Authors: Khatun Rahima , Otaibi Banan W. , Ssentongo Anna , Hazelton Joshua P. , Cooper AmandaB.
Published: April 2021

Background

In situations of increased need, such as mass casualty incidents (MCIs) and COVID-19, donated blood products are in shortage across the United States. Medical students are a potential pool for blood donors. The aim of this study was to determine overall attitudes of medical students at a single academic institution toward blood donation during times of increased need.

Methods

Three anonymous REDCap surveys were administered to all medical students at a rural academic institution. Surveys 1 and 2 were administered preceding and after an institution-wide MCI drill, in September and November 2019, respectively. Survey 3 was administered following a student-organized COVID-19 blood drive in June 2020. Multivariable analysis was performed to determine if factors, ie, experience with MCI drills and emergency medical services (EMS) training, were associated with willingness to donate blood. Furthermore, barriers to donation among those not willing to donate were assessed.

Results

Overall response rate for MCI surveys (surveys 1 and 2) was 38% (mean age 25.2 years and 50% women). 91% (n = 210) of respondents were willing to donate blood. Previous participation in MCI drills and EMS training was not associated with higher willingness to donate blood. Response rate for survey 3 was 15.6% (59.4% women), and 30 (31.3%) respondents indicated they did not volunteer to donate blood during the COVID-19 drive. Most common reasons for not donating were “other,” medical concerns, and being out-of-town.

Conclusions

Majority of medical students are willing to donate blood during times of increased need and offer a possible solution to increase blood donor pool.
An Early-Stage Colon Cancer Develops Intrabiliary Growth Type Metastasis 7 Years After Curative Colectomy
Authors: O’Leary Ryan J. , Siegel Julie B. , Moran Robert A. , Lancaster William P.
Published: April 2021

Although liver metastasis commonly occurs in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC), it is infrequent that it presents several years after curative resection for early-stage disease. Even more unusual is development of intrabiliary growth type metastasis rather than parenchymal metastasis. When this occurs, it can be mistaken for cholangiocarcinoma. We present a case in a patient with history of pT1N0M0 CRC treated with sigmoidectomy 7 years previously who presented with abdominal pain and MRI revealing left hepatic ductal dilation with no accompanying mass. With a recent normal colonoscopy and carcinoembryonic antigen, he was diagnosed with cholangiocarcinoma. Anatomic hepatic resection was performed, and final pathology with immunohistochemistry revealed staining consistent with CRC metastasis rather than cholangiocarcinoma. Intrabiliary growth type metastasis is a rare occurrence, which leads to its misdiagnosis. Patients with an intrabiliary tumor and a history of CRC should have immunohistochemistry to confirm the diagnosis to ensure appropriate adjuvant treatment and counseling.
Opioid Prescribing at Discharge in Opioid-Naïve Trauma Patients
Authors: Johnston Jackie P. , LaPietra Alexis M. , Elsawy Osama A. , Wang Antai , Richards Lynette M. , Yee Stephanie , Foran Lindsey A. , Hlayhel Ahmad F. , Fahey Ryan , Nerenberg Steven F.
Published: April 2021

Background

Opioid analgesics remain mainstay of treatment for trauma-related pain despite growing concerns for opioid dependency or misuse. The purpose of this study was to evaluate opioid prescribing at hospital discharge after traumatic injury.

Methods

This is a single-center, retrospective analysis of patients ≥18 years of age admitted for ≥24 hours with a primary diagnosis of traumatic injury. Those with alcohol use disorder, polysubstance abuse, chronic opioid use, or in-hospital mortality were excluded. The primary outcome was the incidence of patients prescribed opioids at discharge. Secondary outcomes included percent of patients who received nonopioids, intensive care unit (ICU) admission, and hospital length of stay (LOS).

Results

Of the 927 encounters, 471 were included. The mean age was 60 ± 23 years, and 62.0% were male. The majority were blunt trauma, and 49.9% were falls. Mean initial injury severity score (ISS) was 9 ± 7.2. Of the 70.4% of patients prescribed opioids, 39.4% were discharged on opioids. Age ≥30 years, ICU admission, ISS <9, or Charlson Comorbidity Index >1 was less likely to have opioids prescribed at discharge. Most received nonopioids (93.6%) and multimodal analgesia (84.3%). The median hospital and ICU LOS were 5 (3-9) and 2 (0-4) days, respectively.

Discussion

Only 39.4% had opioids prescribed at discharge. Opioid-reductive strategies may decrease in-hospital and discharge opioid prescribing. While opioid analgesics remain a mainstay of trauma-associated pain management, institution-wide opioid-sparing strategies can further reduce discharge opioid prescribing after trauma.
Systemic Determinants in Surgery: Nonclinical Factors Affecting Time to Operation for Incarcerated Ventral Hernias
Authors: Wang David E. , Chung Paul J. , Barrera Rafael , Coppa Gene F. , Alfonso Antonio E. , Sugiyama Gainosuke
Published: April 2021

Introduction

We explore nonclinical factors affecting the amount of time from admission to the operating room for patients requiring nonelective repair of ventral hernias.

Methods

Using the 2005-2012 Nationwide Inpatient Sample, we identified adult patients with a primary diagnosis of ventral hernia without obstruction/gangrene, who underwent nonelective repair. The outcome variable of interest was time from admission to surgery. We performed univariate and multivariable analyses using negative binomial regression, adjusting for age, sex, race, income, insurance, admission day, comorbidity status (van Walraven score), diagnosis, procedure, hospital size, location/teaching status, and region.

Results

7,253 patients met criteria, of which majority were women (n = 4,615) and white (n = 5,394). The majority of patients had private insurance (n = 3,015) followed by Medicare (n = 2,737). Median time to operation was 0 days. Univariate analysis comparing operation <1 day to ≥1 day identified significant differences in race, day of admission, insurance, length of stay, comorbidity status, hospital location, type, and size. Negative binomial regression showed that weekday admission (IRR 4.42, P < .0001), private insurance (IRR 1.53-2.66, P < .0001), rural location (IRR 1.39-1.76, P < .01), small hospital size (IRR 1.26-1.36, P < .05), white race (IRR 1.30-1.34, P < .01), healthier patients (van Walraven score IRR 1.05, P < .0001), and use of mesh (IRR 0.39-0.56, P < .02) were associated with shorter time until procedure.

Conclusion

Shorter time from admission to the operating room was associated with several nonclinical factors, which suggest disparities may exist. Further prospective studies are warranted to elucidate these disparities affecting patient care.
Rising Incidence of Childhood Intussusception in Ontario: A Population-Based Study From 1997-2016
Authors: Pilkington Mercedes , Theivendram Arany , Brogly Susan B. , Kolar Mila
Published: April 2021

Background

Intussusception is the most common cause of bowel obstruction in children aged 3 months to 6 years of age. We sought to describe patterns of incident childhood intussusception.

Methods

A retrospective longitudinal cohort study utilizing population-based health administrative data and a validated case definition was used to identify patients <18 years of age treated for intussusception between January 1, 1997 and December 31, 2016 in Ontario, Canada. Descriptive statistics, graphical analyses, and a Poisson regression model were performed for trend analysis.

Results

The overall incidence of intussusception in Ontario children (<18 years) was 3.3 cases/100,000 child years (cyrs), 95% CI [3.2.3.5]. The overall incidence increased from .9 cases/100,000 cyrs to 2.3 cases/100,000 cyrs. The highest incidence was in children aged 6-12 months at 28.9 cases/100,000 cyrs, 95% CI [26.2.31.9]. Incidence increased in all age-groups between 6 months and 5 years (at a rate of 5% to 16% per year; all P < .05). Month of year did not predict intussusception counts in a log-linear Poisson models, nor did rotavirus immunization implementation in 2011. There was a 3-fold variability across geographic areas in the province. There was a high rate of readmission for recurrence within 1 year (10.7%).

Conclusion

The incidence of intussusception more than doubled in Ontario from 1997 to 2016. The incidence increased for children aged between 6 months and 5 years at a rate of 5-16% per year, suggesting that an increased rate of idiopathic intussusception is responsible for the increase in the province.
Occupational Justice—Colonial Business as Usual? Indigenous Observations From Aotearoa New Zealand: La justice occupationnelle : sous régime colonial comme d’habitude? Observations d’autochtones d'Aotearoa en Nouvelle-Zélande
Authors: Emery-Whittington Isla G.
Published: April 2021

Background.

Western ideologies and systems of occupation and justice are implicated in the colonization of indigenous peoples worldwide. Yet, colonialism, racism, and privilege are minimally acknowledged and examined within occupational therapy and occupational science literature, as evidenced in uncritical development of notions of “occupational justice.”

Purpose.

First, to open a discussion of how and why theories and approaches to justice have developed as they have in Aotearoa New Zealand. Second, to further a burgeoning field of Indigenous perspectives and critiques of colonial theorizing within the profession, while highlighting local Indigenous justice frameworks including Te Tiriti o Waitangi and Matike Mai Aotearoa.

Key Issues.

Colonialism is minimally examined in occupational justice approaches and promotion.

Implications.

Honest examination of colonialism alongside Indigenous justice frameworks can advance critical praxes of decolonising occupation and re-connect occupation with justice and equity.
Effect of Secondary Tasks on Police Officer Cognitive Workload and Performance Under Normal and Pursuit Driving Situations
Authors: Zahabi Maryam , Nasr Vanessa , Mohammed Abdul Razak Ashiq , Patranella Ben , McCanless Logan , Maredia Azima
Published: April 2021

Objective

The objective of this study was to assess the effects of single and multiple secondary tasks on officers’ performance and cognitive workload under normal and pursuit driving conditions.

Background

Motor vehicle crashes are a leading cause of police line of duty injuries and deaths. These crashes are mainly attributed to the use of in-vehicle technologies and multi-tasking while driving.

Method

Eighteen police officers participated in a driving simulation experiment. The experiment followed a within-subject design and assessed the effect of single or multiple secondary tasks (via the mobile computer terminal (MCT) and radio) and driving condition (normal vs. pursuit driving) on officers’ driving performance, cognitive workload, and secondary task accuracy and reaction time.

Results

Findings suggested that police officers are protective of their driving performance when performing secondary tasks. However, their workload and driving performance degraded in pursuit conditions as compared to normal driving situations. Officers experienced higher workload when they were engaged with secondary tasks irrespective of the task modality or type. However, they were faster but less accurate in responding to the radio as compared to the MCT.

Conclusion

Police officers experience high mental workload in pursuit driving situations, which can reduce their driving performance and accuracy when they are engaged in some secondary tasks.

Application

The findings might be helpful for police agencies, trainers, and vehicle technology manufacturers to modify the existing policies, training protocols, and design of police in-vehicle technologies in order to improve police officer safety.
FMS Effects of a Motor Program for Children With Autism Spectrum Disorders
Authors: Dong Liangshan , Shen Bo , Pang YanLi , Zhang Mingting , Xiang Yuan , Xing Yu , Wright Morgan , Li Dan , Bo Jin
Published: April 2021

The current study evaluated the effectiveness of a motor program that specifically targeted fundamental motor skills (FMS) in children with ASD. The experimental group (n=21) participated in a 9-week program with motor instructions for 80 minutes/day, three days/week, while the control group (n=29) did not participate in the program. We measured FMS (using the Test of Gross Motor Development-3) one-week before, one-week after, and two-months after the program. Children in the experimental group had significantly larger FMS improvements than the controls on both locomotor and ball skills immediately following the program, and these participants showed continuous improvement on locomotor, but not ball skills, at 2-months follow-up. In individual analyses, 80% of children in the experimental group versus 29% of children in the control group showed continuous locomotor skills improvement beyond their pre-test levels. These findings highlight the importance of both a long-term motor development intervention and an individualized approach for evaluating improved FMS among children with ASD.
State Medicaid Authorities’ Policy Communications With Providers on Individualized Pediatric Dental Care
Authors: Fosse Chelsea , Edelstein Burton L.
Published: April 2021

Objectives

Medicaid’s Early and Periodic Screening, Diagnostic and Treatment (EPSDT) pediatric benefit is designed to meet children’s medically necessary needs for care. A 2018 Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) Bulletin advised Medicaid programs to ensure that their dental payment policies and periodicity schedules include language that highlights that medically necessary care should be provided even if that care exceeds typical service frequency or intensity. We assessed the extent to which Medicaid agencies’ administrative documents reflect EPSDT’s flexibility requirement.

Methods

From August 2018 through July 2019, we retrieved dental provider manuals, periodicity schedules, and fee schedules in all 50 states and the District of Columbia; analyzed these administrative documents for consistency with the CMS advisory; and determined whether instructions were provided on how to bill for services that exceed customary frequencies or intensities.

Results

Dental-specific periodicity schedules were not evident in 11 states. Eighteen states did not include flexibility language, for example, as advocated by the American Academy of Pediatric Dentistry. Flexibility language was not evident in 24 dental provider manuals or in 47 fee schedules. Only 8 states provided billing instructions within fee schedules for more frequent or intensive services.

Conclusion

Updating Medicaid agency administrative documents—including dental provider manuals and periodicity and fee schedules—holds promise to promote individualized dental care as ensured by EPSDT.
COVID-19 and Extremeness Aversion: The Role of Safety Seeking in Travel Decision Making
Authors: Kim Jungkeun , Park Jooyoung , Lee Jaeseok , Kim Seongseop (Sam) , Gonzalez-Jimenez Hector , Lee Jaehoon , Choi Yung Kyun , Lee Jacob C. , Jang Seongsoo , Franklin Drew , Spence Mark T. , Marshall Roger
Published: April 2021

Combining conceptual perspectives from emerging research on COVID-19, safety-seeking motivations, and extremeness aversion in choice (i.e., compromise effects), we examine how and why the perceived threat of COVID-19 affects consumers’ choice and decision making in the hotel and restaurant domains. Across seven studies (two studies from secondary data sets and five experimental studies), we provide novel evidence that the perceived threat or threat salience of COVID-19 amplifies the general tendency to select compromise options, avoiding extreme ones, within a choice set. We highlight the role of safety-seeking motivations as the underlying mechanism in the relationship between perceived threat and extremeness aversion in choice. We further document a boundary condition that the extremeness aversion effect is stronger for leisure travelers than for business travelers.
Managing energy performance in buildings from design to operation using modelling and calibration
Authors: Jain Nishesh , Burman Esfand , Mumovic Dejan , Davies Mike
Published: April 2021

To manage the concerns regarding the energy performance gap in buildings, a structured and longitudinal performance assessment of buildings, covering design through to operation, is necessary. Modelling can form an integral part of this process by ensuring that a good practice design stage modelling is followed by an ongoing evaluation of operational stage performance using a robust calibration protocol. In this paper, we demonstrate, via a case study of an office building, how a good practice design stage model can be fine-tuned for operational stage using a new framework that helps validate the causes for deviations of actual performance from design intents. This paper maps the modelling based process of tracking building performance from design to operation, identifying the various types of performance gaps. Further, during the operational stage, the framework provides a systematic way to separate the effect of (i) operating conditions that are driven by the building’s actual function and occupancy as compared with the design assumptions, and (ii) the effect of potential technical issues that cause underperformance. As the identification of issues is based on energy modelling, the process requires use of advanced and well-documented simulation tools. The paper concludes with providing an outline of the software platform requirements needed to generate robust design models and their calibration for operational performance assessments.

Practical application

The paper’s findings are a useful guide for building industry professionals to manage the performance gap with appropriate accuracy through a robust methodology in an easy to use workflow. The methodological framework to analyse building energy performance in-use links best practice design stage modelling guidance with a robust operational stage investigation. It helps designers, contractors, building managers and other stakeholders with an understanding of procedures to follow to undertake an effective measurement and verification exercise.
Frailty and Quality of Life After Cochlear Implantation in Older Adults
Authors: Aylward Alana , Murphy‐Meyers Morganne , Allen Chelsea McCarty , Patel Neil S. , Gurgel Richard K.
Published: April 2021

Objective

To examine the relationship among frailty index, hearing measures, and hearing‐related quality of life (QOL) in older recipients of cochlear implants.

Study Design

Cross‐sectional survey.

Setting

Academic medical center.

Methods

Adults aged ≥65 years at the time of receiving cochlear implants between July 13, 2000, and April 3, 2019, were asked to complete a questionnaire on hearing‐related QOL. Chart review was performed to identify patients’ characteristics. Correlations were calculated between frailty index and audiologic outcome measures as well as between speech recognition scores and QOL scores. Linear regression models were developed to examine the impact of clinical characteristics, frailty index, and hearing measures on hearing‐related QOL.

Results

Data for 143 respondents were included. The mean age was 80.7 years (SD, 7.1), with a mean 27.8 years of hearing loss (SD, 17.4) before implantation. The mean frailty index was 11.1 (SD, 10.6), indicating that patients had 1 or 2 of the measured comorbidities on average. No correlation was found between lower frailty index (better health) and hearing scores, including pure tone averages (PTAs) and speech recognition scores. Lower frailty index and larger improvement in PTA after cochlear implantation predicted better QOL scores on univariate analysis (respectively, P =. 002, β = −0.42 [95% CI, −0.68 to −0.16]; P =. 008, β = −0.15 [95% CI, −0.26 to −0.04]) and multivariate analysis (P =. 047, β = −0.28 [95% CI, −0.55 to −0.01]; P =. 006, β = −0.16 [95% CI, −0.28 to −0.05]). No speech recognition scores correlated with QOL after cochlear implantation.

Conclusions

Frailty index does not correlate with hearing scores after cochlear implantation in older adults. Lower frailty index and more improvement in PTA predict better QOL scores after cochlear implantation in older adults.
Challenges in Assessment Centres: Lessons from Experience
Authors: Pattnaik Subhra , Padhi Mousumi
Published: April 2021

The success of the assessment centre (AC) approach has been widely acknowledged and its widespread practice testifies to this. In India, its adoption as a tool for HRD is increasing slowly and steadily. Its proven success is due to its strong criterion and content-related validity. However, certain challenges during design and development of AC can undermine its very strengths. Using an interpretative, qualitative approach, this article builds on the first-hand experiences of the authors as well as 26 other Indian assessors in conducting ACs to highlight the issues faced at 3 different levels of the AC methodology—design, implementation, and inferential. It also highlights the interconnectedness between these issues at various levels and suggests interventions to minimize assessment errors. The article adds on to the AC literature by detailing the challenges faced in ACs in a developing country, which had rarely been done before. This study holds significant relevance for assessors, consulting agencies providing assessment services, and even to client organizations envisaging AC for their employees.
Not Just Uterine Adenocarcinoma—Neoplastic and Non-Neoplastic Masses in Domestic Pet Rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus): A Review
Authors: Baum Berit
Published: April 2021

With increasing numbers of pet rabbits living out their natural lifespan, rabbit oncology is stepping more and more into the limelight. On the other hand, rabbit tumors are less covered in recent editions of textbooks of veterinary pathology than before. We present 1238 cases with neoplastic and non-neoplastic masses in rabbit tissue, submitted from 2008 to 2019, supplemented by a review of the literature on neoplasms in rabbits. Cutaneous masses comprised 47% of submissions. Trichoblastoma was by far the most common skin neoplasm, and nodular suppurative panniculitis was the second most frequent skin nodule in this series. Epithelial as well as mesenchymal cutaneous neoplasms can be virally induced in rabbits (eg, Shope papilloma, myxomatosis) but were infrequent in the current cases. Mammary neoplasms comprised 21% of submitted masses and 94% of these had histologic features of malignancy. Tumors of the female reproductive tract were responsible for 9% of biopsies and were predominantly uterine adenocarcinoma. Polypoid proliferation of rectal mucosa was the most common lesion in the alimentary tract. A broad spectrum of other neoplasms was described, including sarcomas at vaccination sites and ocular posttraumatic sarcomas, comparable to lesions described in cats.
Efficacy of music therapy in the treatment of anxiety among children at social risk and those have committed child to parent violence
Authors: Pérez-Eizaguirre Miren , Dorado Ana , Rodríguez-Brioso Mar , Privado Jesús
Published: April 2021

The purpose of this research is to analyze the significant impact music therapy can have on a group of adolescents who have committed Child to Parent Violence and a second group of teenagers at social risk. Both groups were made up of 11 participants between 13 and 21 years of age ( M = 16 years, SD = 1.66 years) with six males in each group. Both groups participated in eight music therapy interventions where state-trait anxiety levels were measured before and after each session. Furthermore, trait anxiety levels were measured after the first and eighth sessions. Our findings indicate that the treatment used performs differently in each group: a more significant reduction in state anxiety levels was observed among participants who had used Child to Parent Violence, where trait anxiety levels were more significantly reduced among participants at social risk. Our findings also indicate that music therapy can be effectively used to reduce anxiety levels among socially vulnerable groups, and that it may have a significant impact on the reduction of this disorder, depending on the anxiety level.
Effect of Anemia on Work Productivity in Both Labor- and Nonlabor-Intensive Occupations: A Systematic Narrative Synthesis
Authors: Marcus Hannah , Schauer Claudia , Zlotkin Stanley
Published: April 2021

Background:

Anemia is highly prevalent particularly in low- and middle-income countries. Iron deficiency contributes to an estimated 50% of anemia cases. Iron interventions have become central to global anemia treatment and prevention; however, few iron interventions have been scaled up to the national level, despite their proven effectiveness. While both cross-sectional and interventional studies on the effect of anemia and iron supplementation on worker productivity have been conducted, there have been few systematic reviews conducted. As such, a synthesis of previously conducted primary research is warranted and may provide a more comprehensive overview of the strength of currently available evidence, potentially helping to inform national policy on matters relating to funding and legislation for population-level iron interventions.

Objectives:

The objective of this study was to synthesize available evidence on the effect of both anemia and therapeutic iron interventions on productivity in working adults.

Methods:

All relevant English language studies were systematically obtained from both MEDLINE and EMBASE and assessed for evidence of differing productivity levels across groups stratified by iron intervention or anemia status. Potential mediating variables were reported, and the results were narratively summarized.

Results:

The available data from 12 included studies provide strong evidence that anemia negatively impacts occupational performance and that therapeutic iron interventions can yield substantial productivity gains.

Conclusions:

Despite their limitations, these findings make an important contribution to the literature highlighting the impact of iron deficiency and population-wide iron interventions on work productivity and occupational performance.
Tapping versus Saying: Effects of Age, Recoding, and Visual Search on Phonological Span
Authors: Oesterlen Eva , Seitz-Stein Katja
Published: April 2021

In contrast to traditional word spans with verbal recall, recently developed automated tasks employ a visuospatial response format (RF). This RF involves additional cognitive processes such as recoding and visual search, which develop across childhood. The aim of the present study was to extend previous findings on age-dependent RF effects, examining the role of recoding and visual search as underlying mechanisms. Groups of primary school children, secondary school children, and adults performed analogous word spans with visuospatial and verbal RF. Additionally, two tasks assessing recoding and visual search skills were conducted. Results show that primary school children performed poorer under visuospatial than verbal RF, whereas secondary school children and adults showed no performance differences. The analyses further suggest that search skills contribute to age-differential RF effects. Recoding seems less decisive, but its role could not be conclusively clarified. Developmental mechanisms and the necessity to disentangle the role of recoding from search are discussed.
Tweeting Bias in Diagnostic Test Accuracy Research: Does Title or Conclusion Positivity Influence Dissemination?
Authors: Hallgrimson Zachary , Fabiano Nicholas , Salameh Jean-Paul , Treanor Lee M. , Frank Robert A. , Sharifabadi Anahita Dehmoobad , McInnes Matthew D. F.
Published: April 2021

Purpose:

To examine if tweeting bias exists within imaging literature by determining if diagnostic test accuracy (DTA) studies with positive titles or conclusions are tweeted more than non-positive studies.

Methods:

DTA studies published between October 2011 to April 2016 were included. Positivity of titles and conclusions were assessed independently and in duplicate, with disagreements resolved by consensus. A negative binomial regression analysis controlling for confounding variables was performed to assess the relationship between title or conclusion positivity and tweets an article received in the 100 days post-publication.

Results:

354 DTA studies were included. Twenty-four (7%) titles and 300 (85%) conclusions were positive (or positive with qualifier); 1 (0.3%) title and 23 (7%) conclusions were negative; and 329 (93%) titles and 26 (7%) conclusions were neutral. Studies with positive, negative, and neutral titles received a mean of 0.38, 0.00, and 0.45 tweets per study; while those with positive, negative, and neutral conclusions received a mean of 0.44, 0.61, and 0.38 tweets per study. Regression coefficients were -0.05 (SE 0.46) for positive relative to non-positive titles, and -0.09 (SE 0.31) for positive relative to non-positive conclusions. The positivity of the title ( P = 0.91) or conclusion ( P = 0.76) was not significantly associated with the number of tweets an article received.

Conclusions:

The positivity of the title or conclusion for DTA studies does not influence the amount of tweets it receives suggesting that tweet bias is not present among imaging diagnostic accuracy studies. Study protocol available at https://osf.io/hdk2m/
Untangling the Relationship Between Internalized Heterosexism and Psychological Intimate Partner Violence Perpetration: A Comparative Study of Lesbians and Bisexual Women in Turkey and Denmark*
Authors: Ummak Esra , Toplu-Demirtaş Ezgi , Jessen Reidar Schei
Published: April 2021

Psychological intimate partner violence (IPV) perpetration is not limited to heterosexual relationships and can affect all genders and sexual orientations, including lesbians and bisexual women (LB) both in Denmark and Turkey. Internalized heterosexism might be one of the factors increasing the risk of LB’s use of psychological IPV perpetration. However, it is still unclear how being LB in Turkey and Denmark interact in the internalized heterosexism and psychological IPV perpetration relationship. The current study, therefore, presents an investigation of (a) the prevalence of sexual orientation (LB) and country (Denmark and Turkey) differences in perpetrating psychological IPV and (b) the moderating roles of sexual orientation and country on the association between internalized heterosexism and psychological IPV perpetration. A sample of 449 LB from Denmark and Turkey completed the Lesbian Internalized Homophobia Scale and the Multidimensional Measure of Emotional Abuse Scale. The results of chi-square analyses indicated that LB from Turkey and bisexual women from both countries reported significantly higher psychological IPV perpetration. The results of moderation analyses revealed that country had direct effects on the use of psychological IPV perpetration. No moderation effects were found for both sexual orientation and country in three of the four types of psychological IPV perpetration. These findings suggest that LB are not an exception to the perpetration of IPV. Furthermore, the findings were discussed from the perspectives of intersectionality and minority stress.
Interest on the internet for systemic lupus erythematosus: Analysis of Google Trends in Latin American countries
Authors: Tejada-Llacsa Paul J , Villacorta-Landeo Pamela , Aguilar-Buitrón Eder , Alarcón Graciela S , Ugarte-Gil Manuel F
Published: April 2021

Background/Objective

Information available on the internet about Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) can influence the doctor-patient relationship. Therefore, the aim of this study was to identify the terms used for SLE on the internet.

Methods

We analyzed the data downloaded from Google Trends, considering the term “Lupus” in a six-year web-based research. The frequency of the terms for each Pan-American country was obtained automatically from Google Trends, which reports relative search volumes or RSV (on a scale from 0 to 100) across regions.

Results

We obtained a total of 67 registered terms in 18 countries. The terms were distributed into five categories. The categories with interest in all countries were “definition” and “symptoms”.

Conclusions

Google Trends allows us to find useful information about SLE on the internet; once the accuracy of this information is validated, it can be used by patients, health institutions, rheumatologists and other health professionals.
Help Me Understand: Providing Palliative Care to Individuals With Serious Mental Illness
Authors: Hinrichs Kate L. M. , Woolverton Cindy B. , Meyerson Jordana L.
Published: April 2021

Individuals with serious mental illness (SMI) have shortened life expectancy with increased risk of developing comorbid medical illnesses. They might have difficulty accessing care and can be lost to follow-up due to complex socioeconomic factors, placing them at greater risk of dying from chronic or undiagnosed conditions. This, in combination with stigma associated with SMI, can result in lower quality end-of-life care. Interdisciplinary palliative care teams are in a unique position to lend assistance to those with SMI given their expertise in serious illness communication, values-based care, and psychosocial support. However, palliative care teams might be unfamiliar with the hallmark features of the various SMI diagnoses. Consequently, recognizing and managing exacerbations of SMI while delivering concurrent palliative or end-of-life care can feel challenging. The goal of this narrative review is to describe the benefits of providing palliative care to individuals with SMI with concrete suggestions for communication and use of recovery-oriented language in the treatment of individuals with SMI. The salient features of 3 SMI diagnoses—Bipolar Disorders, Major Depressive Disorder, and Schizophrenia—are outlined through case examples. Recommendations for working with individuals who have SMI and other life-limiting illness are provided, including strategies to effectively manage SMI exacerbations.
Clustering product development project organization based on trust and core teams
Authors: Yang Na , Yang Qing , Yao Tao
Published: April 2021

The new product development (PD) project is a complex network of communications involving trust relationships among teams. Trust is prominent, influencing the team positions and organizational performance indirectly. To manage the coordination complexity in PD projects, in this paper, we build a model of mutual trust among teams and further identify core teams to optimize the PD organizational network structure. First, we identified the technical interdependency and emotional closeness that influence the transmission behavior of the tie strength in the PD organizational network. Then, we examined how the presence of a common third party in the organizational network affects the trust transferability between interdependent teams. We modelled the structural similarity based on the trust transferability. To identify the core teams, which typically have high importance as well as diverse knowledge in the organizational network, we improved the LeaderRank centrality with trust transferability related to common recipients/sources to evaluate the importance of teams and present the team attributes (i.e. expertise) diversity. To build the group around core teams, we used the core teams as the input parameter (i.e. the initial clustering seeds) of the K-means clustering algorithms. The clustering results reinforce several managerial practices in an industrial example, including how trust transferability impacts the optimal organizational network structure and how to build an organizational network structure based on core teams.
Effects of Intermittent Fasting on Response to Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors (TKIs) in Patients With Chronic Myeloid Leukemia: An Outcome of European LeukemiaNet Project
Authors: Yassin Mohamed A. , Ghasoub Rola S. , Aldapt Mahmood B. , Abdulla Mohammad A. , Chandra Prem , Shwaylia Hawraa M. , Nashwan Abdulqadir J. , Kassem Nancy A. , Akiki Susanna J.
Published: April 2021

The overall survival of patients with Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML) treated by using tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) is very close to that of the healthy population. However, little is known about the effect of specific measures such as intermittent fasting, especially during Ramadan period. A 3-year retrospective study was conducted to evaluate the effect of fasting on patients with CML receiving TKIs by evaluating certain clinical, hematological, and molecular parameters. A total of 49 patients were eligible, with a median age of 46 years (range: 22-86), of these 36 (73.5%) were males and 13 (26.5%) were females. Twenty-seven (55%) patients are Middle Eastern, while 16 (32.7%) from the Indian subcontinent, and 6 (12.3%) Africans. Imatinib was the most common TKI; used in 25 patients (51%). The mean White blood cells (WBCs), neutrophils, and BCR-ABL were found to be reduced after fasting compared to before and during with statistical difference. The use of TKIs while fasting did not result in significant changes in hematological nor BCR-ABL levels in our study. Patients who wish to practice intermittent fasting may be reassured in this regard, yet physicians can adopt the safe trial approach, where they allow the patients to fast, but with instructions such as when to break fasting.
Centenary of two pioneering theories in mechanics
Authors: Elishakoff Isaac , Volokh Konstantin Y.
Published: April 2021

This note discusses the Timoshenko–Ehrenfest beam theory and the Griffith fracture theory. Both were annunciated in the West in 1921, exactly a century ago. Much progress has been made in these fields. Discussing the deficiencies of the theories might pave way ahead.
Social Disorganization and Urban Homicide Rates: A Spatial-Temporal Analysis in São Paulo, Brazil 2000 to 2015
Authors: Nivette Amy , Peres Maria Fernanda Tourinho
Published: April 2021

This study aims to contribute to understanding urban spatial and temporal patterns of social disorganization and homicide rates in São Paulo, Brazil (2000–2015). Using exploratory spatial data analysis and spatial panel regression techniques, we describe spatial-temporal patterns of homicide rates and assess to what extent social disorganization can explain between-district variation in homicide trajectories. The results showed some variation in the pattern of homicide decline across districts, and less disorganized communities experienced earlier, more linear declines. However, we found no evidence to suggest that changes in social disorganization are associated with differences in the decline in homicide rates.
Shaping organizational culture in response to tourism seasonality: A qualitative approach
Authors: Senbeto Dagnachew Leta , Hon Alice H. Y.
Published: April 2021

This study focuses on understanding response to seasonal variation in tourism from organizational cultures and values context. Based on in-depth semi-structured interviews with hotel managers in Ethiopia, we argued that organizational cultures and regulatory processes influence hotels’ response to seasonal variation. The study provides a framework to understand the response to tourism seasonality. In addition, the findings highlight SDG 2030 (Sustainable Development Goals) to ensure productive tourism in the developing economies by mitigating seasonal variation. Implications and directions for future research are discussed.
Mental health literacy websites for children of parents with a mental illness
Authors: Cavanaugh Daniel L , Riebschleger Joanne , Tanis Jennifer M
Published: April 2021

Objective:

This review of online mental health resources was conducted to evaluate and document the availability of mental health resources pertinent to the needs of children of parents with a mental illness (COPMI). This review identified available websites and analyzed the appropriateness of content and readability.

Methods:

We conducted an extensive 6-month review of websites with available mental health literacy content that may be found by COPMI searching for information. Web content was evaluated and described with qualitative thematic analysis techniques. Web content was also evaluated for reading levels using the Flesch-Kincaid readability analysis tool.

Results:

The researchers described 7 descriptive themes, 10 content areas, and described what information was available across websites and where gaps existed. They also concluded the average reading level of the websites was 9.7, which was substantially higher than current web development recommendations.

Conclusions:

Websites can be a valuable tool for COPMI without access to direct services. To improve current web resources, developers should strive to offer content specific to the identified needs of COPMI. Additionally, web content should be developed at a level that is accessible to teens and parents.