bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Des céréales russes au menu géopolitique du Moyen-Orient
Authors: Abis Sébastien , Begoc Pierre
Published: March 2018

L’influence de la Russie dans les affaires politiques et stratégiques du Moyen-Orient et du bassin méditerranéen n’est pas nouvelle. Mettre l’accent sur les variables agricoles se présente comme une nécessité, tant elles occupent une place prépondérante dans l’influence russe au sein de cette région qui couvre en partie ses besoins alimentaires par le recours aux marchés internationaux. Les céréales s’affichent comme les principales denrées agricoles exportées par la Russie, nation majeure sur l’échiquier mondial du commerce de grains. Dans la panoplie des forces qui composent la puissance russe, l’agriculture joue un rôle essentiel. Si les céréales de Russie prennent essentiellement les routes de la Turquie, de l’Iran, de la Syrie et surtout de l’Egypte, elles se sont frayées un chemin de plus en plus large au Maghreb et tentent de rejoindre davantage les destinations africaines qui demain représenteront des marchés encore plus importants.
Fortunes et infortunes de mer en Méditerranée orientale
Authors: Chatain Béatrice
Published: March 2018

Berceau des civilisations, la Méditerranée orientale a été confrontée au fil de son histoire aux transformations du monde. Ainsi, elle a parfois perdu de son influence comme lors des Grandes Découvertes, ou en a recouvré. Depuis la fin des années 1990, elle a été affectée par de nombreuses et rapides mutations : l’évolution des conflits au Proche et Moyen-Orient, le renouveau de la puissance russe, le déplacement du centre de gravité de l’économie globale vers l’Asie… Dans un contexte de concurrence stratégique accrue entre les espaces mondiaux, elle demeure cependant une interface politique, économique et humaine majeure.
Les singularités comme catalyseurs de la relation thérapeutique
Authors: Elkaïm Mony
Published: March 2018

L’auteur évoque son approche des familles qui, au-delà des grilles explicatives, tient compte à la fois des singularités et des résonances.
Vers la compétence
Authors: Ausloos Guy
Published: March 2018

Pour présenter les singularités de ma pratique de thérapeute, de formateur et de superviseur, je retracerai les différentes étapes qui ont jalonné ma carrière et les influences qui m’ont amené à croire en l’importance de miser sur la compétence des familles.
Dernières nouvelles d’un thérapeute à la recherche de ses singularités (et celles des autres)
Authors: Miermont Jacques
Published: March 2018

L’auteur a cherché à développer conjointement un travail de terrain tenant compte des situations cliniques difficiles et complexes, et une réflexion théorique convoquant le maximum de disciplines scientifiques, voire de créations artistiques susceptibles d’étayer ce travail de terrain. Il en est résulté une démarche éco-étho-anthropologique permettant l’articulation des contextes de la communication et de la cognition, le recours à l’abduction, la reconnaissance des circonstances qui favorisent le développement de l’autonomie, la prise en considération des boucles étranges et des hiérarchies enchevêtrées qui caractérisent les systèmes personnels, familiaux et sociaux. Les interventions qui se révèlent thérapeutiques sont bien souvent légères et simples, acceptant l’incertitude dans un climat de sérénité, ouvrant le champ des possibles, par la reconnaissance de l’étendue de notre ignorance.
Portrait d’un thérapeute en quête d’humanité
Authors: Wittezaele Jean-Jacques
Published: March 2018

L’auteur évoque quelques moments importants qui ont marqué sa vie professionnelle et le choix d’une approche systémique et stratégique pour son travail de thérapeute. Partant de souvenirs d’enfance et de valeurs familiales, il décrit son désarroi à la fin de ses études de psychologie. C’est le hasard d’un emploi dans la Protection de la Jeunesse qui va le conduire à s’intéresser à la thérapie familiale et à découvrir l’école de Palo Alto et le modèle de thérapie brève stratégique qui lui apporte les réponses qu’il cherchait, et ce au-delà de toutes ses espérances. À partir de là, en collaboration avec son collègue Giorgio Nardone, il travaille à la mise au point d’une alternative systémique et stratégique à l’approche médicale des troubles mentaux. En plus de ces repères historiques, l’auteur expose sa méthode de travail, les spécificités du dialogue stratégique et le type de relation qu’il induit avec ses patients.
L’intelligence thérapeutique
Authors: Linares Juan Luis
Published: March 2018

L’intelligence thérapeutique n’est pas une qualité intellectuelle d’excellence, mais la capacité de développer des thérapies en fonction simultanée de trois facteurs : 1. les ressources propres du thérapeute ; 2. l’adéquation mutuelle thérapeute-famille au sein de la « dance thérapeutique » ; et 3. le type de pathologie (et donc, de rapports familiaux) qu’on envisage.
Circonvolutions numériques : lorsque la public diplomacy des États-Unis se mettait à l’heure des réseaux sociaux
Authors: Ricaud Raphaël
Published: March 2018

En 2011, Judith McHale présenta le « Printemps arabe » et l’accès à l’information que permettaient les réseaux sociaux comme un double électrochoc qui allait profondément modifier la diplomatie publique (public diplomacy) des États-Unis. Or, d’autres forces étaient à l’œuvre. Une communication diplomatique incorporant les réseaux sociaux fut théorisée, débattue, mise en avant et promue bien en amont de la « révolution de jasmin ». D’une part, le paradigme communicationnel qui sous-tendait le type de diplomatie publique pratiqué par le gouvernement Bush fils était en effet inadapté au Moyen-Orient. D’autre part, les réseaux sociaux étaient dans l’air du temps lors du premier mandat Obama. Facebook, Twitter et autres applications furent donc intégrées à la communication diplomatique américaine, mais de manière prudente. En définitive, à l’instar de la diplomatie, la diplomatie publique connue une évolution et non une révolution.
Le Premier Amendement, élément paradoxal de la diplomatie publique religieuse des États-Unis au Moyen-Orient
Authors: Gayte Marie
Published: March 2018

Le 11-Septembre et les guerres menées par les États-Unis par la suite ont suscité une prise de conscience chez les Américains des soupçons de mépris, voire de franche hostilité envers l’islam dont les États-Unis font l’objet dans nombre de pays du Moyen-Orient. Pour éviter que cette méfiance à connotation religieuse ne vienne alimenter l’extrémisme violent dans la région, la diplomatie américaine s’est tournée vers une diplomatie publique religieuse. En cela, elle s’est affranchie de la première clause religieuse du Premier Amendement à la Constitution, longtemps interprétée comme interdisant tout recours à la religion. La diplomatie américaine se prévaut au contraire de la seconde clause religieuse de l’amendement, celle qui garantit la liberté religieuse. L’objectif est de façonner un message qui consiste à promouvoir au Moyen-Orient l’image d’une Amérique ouverte et tolérante envers l’islam. Ce recours à l’outil religieux montre néanmoins ses limites dans la mesure où il est difficile de dépasser l’approche à sens unique ainsi que celle visant à favoriser l’émergence dans la région d’un islam « américano-compatible ».
Vers la fin de la prohibition ? Convergences et disparités des initiatives de régulation du cannabis aux États-Unis
Authors: Obradovic Ivana
Published: March 2018

Pendant plusieurs décennies, les États-Unis ont compté parmi les garde-fous de la prohibition posée par les conventions de l’ONU sur les stupéfiants en se posant comme l’un des pays les plus sévères en matière de « guerre à la drogue ». Pourtant, en cinq ans, huit États sur cinquante ont franchi une étape inédite dans la régulation du cannabis en légalisant sa culture, sa vente, sa détention et sa consommation à des fins récréatives pour les adultes âgés d’au moins 21 ans, en dépit de l’interdit fédéral. Aujourd’hui, dans le troisième pays le plus peuplé du monde, un habitant sur cinq expérimente ainsi un nouveau système de régulation du cannabis par le marché légal, en dépit de l’interdit fédéral. La légalisation du cannabis « récréatif » vient complexifier une situation contrastée où 29 États fédérés sur 50 (et Washington DC) autorisent déjà l’usage thérapeutique de cannabis. Cette contribution décrit les processus engagés dans les États qui ont, depuis 2012, légalisé la détention et la vente de cannabis à des fins récréatives, afin d’identifier les propriétés et les conditions de possibilité d’une telle réforme. Elle souligne que ce changement peut être rapporté à plusieurs éléments de contexte, en premier lieu l’élection de Barack Obama à la présidence des États-Unis en 2008. L’analyse se prolonge avec un état des lieux des modèles de régulation mis en œuvre, soulignant leurs convergences et leurs disparités.
Point de vue. Ukraine : un nouveau plan
Authors: Gardner Hall
Published: March 2018

Ce texte d’opinion plaide pour un règlement géopolitique commun entre les Etats-Unis, l’Union Européenne et la Russie sur le conflit en cours en Ukraine orientale et sur les conséquences de l’annexion de la Crimée. Il est absolument essentiel de considérer un règlement général avec Moscou qui se traduirait par une Ukraine décentralisée et formellement neutre pour plusieurs raisons : 1- empêcher une nouvelle partition de l’Ukraine, sinon de l’Europe dans son ensemble ; 2- empêcher la dissolution de l’OTAN et une tension toujours accrue en Europe ; 3- éviter progressivement une alliance militaire plus étroite de la Russie avec la Chine, l’Iran, la Turquie, et certains autres Etats ; 4- empêcher la possibilité réelle d’une nouvelle course aux armements très onéreuse qui, cette fois, mènerait à une guerre mondiale.
Dare voce ai pazienti nella ricerca sulle malattie rare e sui famaci orfani / Giving patients a voice in the rare diseases and orphan drugs research
Authors: Mancini Elena , Zagarella Roberta Martina
Published: March 2018

L’articolo ha l’obiettivo di mettere in luce potenzialità e criticità dell’inclusione della prospettiva dei pazienti nella ricerca sulle malattie rare e sui farmaci orfani. A tal fine, nella prima parte, si propone un’analisi epistemologica dell’utilizzo dei racconti dell’esperienza individuale della malattia nella ricerca scientifica e nei trial clinici, facendo emergere, anche attraverso gli strumenti della medicina narrativa, le sfide teoriche e operative poste dall’inclusione della soggettività del paziente e del vissuto di malattia nonché l’importanza della valorizzazione della prospettiva del paziente, sia in generale sia nella ricerca sulle malattie rare e sui farmaci orfani. Nella seconda parte, il testo analizza in particolare il ruolo degli esiti riportati dai pazienti o Patient Reported Outcomes (PROs), misure per la valutazione complessiva della salute basate sulla prospettiva dei pazienti stessi, incentrandosi sulla sperimentazione clinica nel campo delle malattie rare. In questo contesto, infatti, i racconti di malattia, raccolti e valorizzati da fonti istituzionali e associazioni di pazienti, hanno contribuito a far emergere importanti questioni critiche e difficoltà nell’impiego di outcome centrati sul paziente nello sviluppo di nuovi farmaci e trattamenti, generando una serie di documenti e raccomandazioni relative al loro utilizzo per il benessere della comunità dei malati rari. ---------- This paper aims to highlight the potentiality and criticality of including patients’ perspective in rare diseases and orphan drugs research. In the first part, we propose an epistemological analysis of individual narrations of disease experience as they are used in scientific research and clinical trials. With the help of narrative medicine approach, this analysis points out theoretical and operational challenges of a perspective that includes patient’s subjectivity and illness experience. Furthermore, it reveals the significance of patients’ standpoints in general and in rare diseases as well as in the orphan drugs research. The second part of our article focuses on the role of the Patient reported Outcomes (PROs) – which are measures for the health’s overall assessment based on patient’s perspective – by investigating the impact on clinical trials for rare diseases. In this context, illness stories, which are collected and promoted by institutional sources and patients’ associations, contribute to underline important critical issues at stake in the employment of patient-centered outcomes both in new drugs and in the treatments development. Moreover, these stories are crucial to elaborate documents and recommendations concerning the use of PROs for the rare patients’ community welfare.
Una bibliografia completa sul lavoro di Benjamin Libet con annotazioni sul libero arbitrio e gli atti volontari / A comprehensive bibliography on Benjamin Libet’s work with annotated entries on free will and voluntary acts
Authors: Campanozzi Laura Leondina , Ghilardi Giampaolo , D'ugo Francesco , Tambone Vittoradolfo
Published: March 2018

Il neurofisiologo e neuroscienziato Benjamin Libet (1916-2007), che progettò un setting empirico per rilevare i tempi del libero arbitrio in azioni volontarie, è stato autore di oltre 200 articoli scientifici e monografie. Questa è la prima bibliografia mai compilata di questi scritti. Comprende un elenco completo delle pubblicazioni di Libet, in cui sono annotate le voci relative al libero arbitrio e agli atti volontari. Mostra come la prima fase delle ricerche di Libet, dalla neurofisiologia alla “psicofisica delle intenzioni”, ha condizionato la sua successiva ricerca sul libero arbitrio. ---------- The neurophysician and neuroscientist Benjamin Libet (1916-2007), who planned an empirical setting to detect the timing of free will in voluntary action, was the author of more than 200 scientific articles and monographs. This is the first bibliography ever compiled of these writings. It comprises a comprehensive list of Libet’s publications, in which the entries relevant to free will and voluntary acts have been annotated. It shows how Libet’s earlier research ranging from neurophysiology to “psychophysics of intention”, conditioned his later research on free will.
A pilot trial of deferiprone in pantothenate kinase-associated neurodegeneration patients
Authors: Rohani Mohammad , Razmeh Saeed , Shahidi Gholam Ali , Orooji Maryam
Published: March 2018

Pantothenate kinase-associated neurodegeneration (PKAN) is the most common form of neurodegeneration with brain iron accumulation, it is an autosomal recessive disease due to mutation in PANK 2 on chromosome 20, which causes the accumulation of iron in basal ganglia and production of free radicals that cause degeneration of the cells. Deferiprone is an iron chelator that was used in treatment of thalassemia patients, it can cross the blood-brain barrier and reverse the iron deposition in the brain. Five patients with genetically confirmed PKAN received 15 mg/kg deferiprone twice daily. All patients were examined at baseline, 12 and 18 months and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was done at the baseline and after 18 months. In our study qualitative evaluation of MRI showed that deferiprone was able to reduce the iron load in globus pallidus of all the patients and the results of clinical rating scales show that in four patients, there is an improvement in the first 12 months. The results of our paper show that deferiprone can prevent the progression of the disease.
Tiyo Soga (1829–1871) at the intersection of ‘universes in collision’
Authors: Duncan Graham A.
Published: March 2018

Tiyo Soga, the first black minister ordained in Scotland by the United Presbyterian Church of Scotland in 1856, was, by any standards, a conflicted character. He stood both in and between two worlds and suffered from the vulnerability that emerged from his dual allegiances. Yet he made a significant contribution to the mission history of South Africa, particularly through his early influence on the development of black consciousness and black nationalism, which were to make significant contributions to black thinking in the 20th century. Soga’s life and ministry are set in the context of Michael Ashley’s concept of ‘universes in collision’.
The contribution of indigenous knowledge to disaster risk reduction activities in Zimbabwe: A big call to practitioners
Authors: Dube Ernest , Munsaka Edson
Published: March 2018

This article examined the contribution of indigenous knowledge to disaster risk reduction activities in Zimbabwe. The current discourse underrates the use of indigenous knowledge of communities by practitioners when dealing with disasters’, as the knowledge is often viewed as outdated and primitive. This study, which was conducted in 2016, sought to examine this problem through analysing the potential contribution of indigenous knowledge as a useful disaster risk reduction intervention. Tsholotsho district in Matabeleland, North province of Zimbabwe, which frequently experiences perennial devastating floods, was used as a case study. Interviews and researcher observations were used to gather data from 40 research participants. The findings were that communities understand weather patterns and could predict imminent flooding after studying trees and clouds, and the behaviours of certain animal species. Local communities also use available local resources to put structural measures in place as part of disaster risk reduction interventions. Despite this important potential, the study found that the indigenous knowledge of disaster risk reduction of the communities is often shunned by practitioners. The practitioners claim that indigenous knowledge lacks documentation, it is not found in all generational classes, it is contextualised to particular communities and the knowledge cannot be scientifically validated. The study concluded that both local communities and disaster risk reduction practitioners can benefit from the indigenous knowledge of communities. This research has the potential to benefit communities, policymakers and disaster risk reduction practitioners.
Axial sesamoiditis in the horse: A review
Authors: Le Roux Christelle , Carstens Ann
Published: March 2018

Axial sesamoiditis or osteitis of the proximal sesamoid bones (PSBs) in the horse is described as a rare condition. The cause remains unknown and speculative, with vascular, infectious, and traumatic aetiologies implicated. It is specifically associated with injury of the palmar or plantar ligament (PL), also known as the intersesamoidean ligament. Imaging findings are generally rewarding and radiological changes are typical, if not pathognomonic, for the condition. Lesions consist of bone lysis at the apical to mid-body axial margins of the PSBs, with variable degrees of joint effusion. Radiographic technique warrants careful attention to make a diagnosis, and exposure factors may need to be adjusted. Perineural, intra-articular and intra-thecal anaesthesia does not seem to provide consistent improvement of lameness in these cases, with literature reporting inconsistent findings. Ultrasonographic findings include digital flexor sheath effusion, loss of the normal fibre structure of the PL at its attachment to the PSBs, abnormal echogenicity or change in thickness of the PL, and irregular hyperechoic cortical margins of the axial margins of the PSBs. Scintigraphy, computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging, although not necessary to make a diagnosis, may add valuable information regarding the location and extent of lesions. The prognosis remains guarded to poor for return to athletic function. The focus of this paper is a comprehensive review of the proposed aetiopathogenesis of the condition, the prognosis, and a summary of the literature findings with focus on the notable diagnostic imaging features, including radiography, ultrasonography, scintigraphy, computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging.
A regression and comparative study of United States and South African yield curves using principal component analysis
Authors: Patel Kavir , Mohamed Ashfaaq , Van Vuuren Gary W.
Published: March 2018

Volatile markets and economic environments can significantly distort the shape and smoothness of yield curve movements. This study explores the influence of movements in United States interest rates on South African interest rates. This study aims to identify the main underlying movements present in the United States and South African yield curves and to further determine the dominant factors that are responsible for driving South African interest rate movements. The principal settings for the study were the United States and South African markets representing, respectively, a developed and developing market. Principal component analysis was used to discern the major drivers of developing and developed market interest rates. The findings show that the principal component analysis technique is able to effectively classify and quantify the movements of yield curves across both markets in terms of three main factors, namely level, slope and curvature shifts. During certain periods, South African yield curve changes were largely driven by variations in United States interest rates and the rand/dollar exchange rate. Results also demonstrated that a volatile market and economic environment can significantly distort the shape and smoothness of yield curve movements.
Corporate social responsibility and earnings management of South African companies
Authors: Jordaan Lauren A. , De Klerk Marna , De Villiers Charl J.
Published: March 2018

Background: Enron was considered a strong corporate social performer when their infamous accounting scandal emerged in 2000. Literature suggests that companies use corporate social responsibility (CSR) to disguise corporate misconduct. Aim and Setting: This study examines one type of corporate misconduct, namely, earnings management (EM). Prior studies have found significant associations between CSR performance and EM; however, none of these studies controlled for CSR disclosure. This study unbundles the effects of CSR performance and CSR disclosure on EM. To examine the relationship between CSR performance and CSR disclosures and EM of listed South African companies. Methods: A company included on the Socially Responsible Investment (SRI)1 index is used as an indicator of CSR performance. Four measures of CSR disclosure are used. Results and conclusion: The study tests both CSR performance and CSR disclosure against both real earnings management (REM) and accrual-based earnings management (AEM). CSR performance and earnings management: Companies with better CSR performance were more likely to engage in EM through income increasing discretionary accruals. This suggests that managers who inflate earnings may engage in CSR activities to avoid unwanted scrutiny from stakeholders. Companies with better CSR performance were less likely to engage in REM, suggesting that managers with better CSR performance regard the management of earnings through accruals that reverse in the next period less incriminating than managing earnings through actual company resources. CSR disclosure and earnings management: Companies that integrated their CSR disclosures more into their annual report engaged less in income decreasing discretionary accruals, suggesting that managers with incentives to make more CSR disclosures to reduce information asymmetry will also be less inclined to manage earnings.
New perspectives on the role of customer satisfaction and commitment in promoting customer citizenship behaviours
Authors: Van Tonder Estelle , De Beer Leon T.
Published: March 2018

Background: It is widely accepted that the relationship quality dimensions of customer satisfaction and commitment may impact on customer citizenship behaviour. The positive effect of customer satisfaction on customer commitment is also undisputed within the relationship marketing literature. Aim: It was the aim of this study to examine the extent to which customer commitment mediates and strengthens the relationship between customers’ perceived satisfaction and their citizenship behaviour. In the context of Internet banking, the study aimed to examine the extent to which customer’s commitment towards the service provider (the bank) strengthens the relationship between satisfaction with the service provided (Internet banking) and customer citizenship behaviour (consumer advocacy and the helping of other customers). Setting: The study was conducted in the South African Internet banking environment, which could benefit from a model of factors contributing to customer citizenship behaviour, specifically the sub-dimensions of consumer advocacy and helping behaviour. Methods: A descriptive and quantitative research design was followed and the survey responses obtained from 491 existing users of Internet banking services were used in the analysis. Results: Following the structural equation model results, the direct relationships between all constructs were confirmed. Customer commitment, however, has only a partial mediating effect on the relationships between customer satisfaction and the sub-dimensions of consumer advocacy and helping behaviour. Conclusions: From a theoretical perspective, the research findings provide more insight into the role of customer satisfaction and commitment in contributing to customer citizenship behaviour and the extent to which both relationship quality factors are needed in order to do so. From a practical perspective, banks should adapt their marketing strategies to facilitate greater relationships with customers responsible for citizenship behaviours. Customers promoting the benefits of the service to other customers and helping them to use the service may ultimately contribute to greater adoption and use of Internet banking services.
Review of policy and legislative framework for disability services in Namibia
Authors: Shumba Tonderai W. , Moodley Indres
Published: March 2018

Background: The Namibian policies and legislative framework were reviewed to determine the extent to which the needs of persons with disabilities were met and aligned with the United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (UNCRPD). Further, the disability legislative framework of Namibia is compared with that of other southern African countries.Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of policy and legal framework which addresses the needs and rights of persons with disabilities in Namibia from 1990 to 2016. A qualitative approach employing a case study design was used. Furthermore, a comparative analysis of the policies and legislation for alignment with the UNCRPD and how Namibia compares with other southern African countries is discussed.Results: Four policies, one piece of legislation and one international instrument were identified as directly related to disability. Community-based rehabilitation was adopted as the main strategy for rehabilitation. Alignment of the policy and legal framework with the UNCRPD was found to be minimal. Furthermore, most of the legislation in southern Africa was formulated before the existence of the UNCRPD in 2006.Conclusion: Although much progress has been made in meeting the needs of persons with disabilities, key implementation issues to be addressed include central coordination, overlapping strategies, disability models and gender differences. There is a need for the policy and legal framework of Namibia and other southern African countries to be more responsive to the human rights needs of persons with disabilities.Clinical implications: The study offers insights in reviewing disability policy and legal frameworks in southern Africa for influencing disability service delivery. Future studies can investigate the progress of implementation of disability policy and legal framework from the perspectives of implementers and recipients of services.
Spectral Flow Argument Localizing an Odd Index Pairing
Authors: Loring Terry A. , Schulz-Baldes Hermann
Published: March 2018

An odd Fredholm module for a given invertible operator on a Hilbert space is specified by an unbounded so-called Dirac operator with compact resolvent and bounded commutator with the given invertible. Associated with this is an index pairing in terms of a Fredholm operator with Noether index. Here it is shown by a spectral flow argument how this index can be calculated as the signature of a finite dimensional matrix called the spectral localizer.
Psychometric Properties of the Swedish Version of the Reasons for Gambling Questionnaire (RGQ)
Authors: Wennberg Peter , Sundqvist Kristina
Published: March 2018

The Reasons for Gambling Questionnaire (RGQ) is a self-report instrument containing 15 items to assess individual motives or reasons to gamble. This study presents psychometric data on the Swedish version of the instrument with a focus on factor structure. A Swedish sample (N = 19,530) was screened for risk gambling with the Lie/Bet questionnaire, the effective study sample (n = 237) consisting of respondents with a positive answer on this questionnaire who agreed to participate in an additional postal questionnaire and had no missing items on the RGQ. The originally proposed subscales of the instrument fit the data poorly and a slightly different five-factor solution was suggested. We conclude that the RGQ needs further revision and that the dimensionality of gambling motives is a question that deserves further attention. RésuméLe questionnaire sur les raisons du jeu (RGQ) est un instrument d’auto-évaluation proposant quinze points d’évaluation des motivations ou raisons de jouer. Cette étude présente quelques données psychométriques sur la version suédoise du questionnaire en mettant l’accent sur la structure factorielle. Un échantillon suédois (n = 19 530) a été soumis à l’examen pour déterminer le jeu à risque à l’aide du questionnaire Lie-Bet, et l’échantillon efficace (N = 237) était formé de répondants ayant obtenu un résultat positif au questionnaire Lie-Bet, ayant accepté de participer à un questionnaire supplémentaire par la poste et n’ayant omis aucun élément dans le RGQ. La sous-échelle du questionnaire proposée à l’origine a mal adapté les données, et on a proposé une solution à cinq facteurs légèrement différente. En conclusion, le RGQ doit être révisé, et la dimensionnalité des raisons du jeu est une question qui mérite une attention accrue.
Sensitivity of a Q-ACSM to chamber generated SOA with different
oxidation states
Authors: Li Xiaoxiao , Ma Yan , Chen Hui , Jiang Youling , Ma Xin , Yin Rujin , Yang Dongsen , Shi Xiaowen , Hao Jiming , Jiang Jingkun , Zheng Jun
Published: March 2018

Abstract. The accuracy in quantification of secondary organic aerosols (SOA) using a Q-ACSM has been comprehensively investigated in this work. SOA samples were generated under simulated photochemical oxidation conditions in a 4.5 m3 Teflon chamber from three different volatile organic compounds (VOC) of atmospheric relevant concentrations (dozens of ppbv): α-pinene, isoprene, and toluene, representing both biogenic and anthropogenic VOC. Different SOA oxidation states were achieved by changing the relative ratio of the VOC precursor to the oxidants (O3 or OH). A scanning mobility particle sizer (SMPS) and an aerosol particle mass analyzer (APM) were used to determine the number-size distribution and the exact mass of the chamber-generated SOA, which were then used to deduce the SOA effective density and mass concentration. Results showed that aerosol mass concentration measured by the Q-ACSM based on SMPS calibration alone may be associated with considerable errors due to the fact that the effective density of SOA at different oxidation state can change substantially. More importantly, the sensitivity of the Q-ACSM to a specific type of SOA was found to be anti-correlated with the aerosol oxidation state regardless of the VOC precursors. This may be due to the decreasing of relative ionization efficiency (RIE) or the collection efficiency (CE) of the Q-ACSM for more oxidized SOA. To pinpoint the actual cause, ammonium sulfate ((NH4)2SO4) seed particles were injected into the chamber before SOAs were produced and the CE for a specific SOA sample was hence determined with reference to the changes in sulfate signals. Our experiment results along with previous literature reports strongly implied that as the SOA oxidation state increases, SOA will transform gradually from a liquid state (CE ≈ 1) into a solid (or glassy) state with a CE of 0.2~0.5. Meanwhile, the RIE of OA decreased substantially when SOA transformed from hydrocarbon-like OA (HOA) into more oxygenated OA (OOA) and may further decrease as O/C continued to increase. Our results indicated that the current Q-ACSM calibration procedure using a constant RIE may lead to somewhat underestimation of more oxidized OOA but overestimation of less oxidized HOA, i.e., a variable RIE shall be applied, most likely as a function of the SOA oxidation state.
Estimation of effective porosity in large-scale groundwater models by combining particle tracking, auto-calibration and 14C dating
Authors: Meyer Rena , Engesgaard Peter , Hinsby Klaus , Piotrowski Jan A. , Sonnenborg Torben O.
Published: March 2018

Abstract. Effective porosity plays an important role in contaminant management. However, the effective porosity is often assumed constant in space and hence either neglected or simplified in transport model calibration. Based on a calibrated highly parametrized flow model, a three-dimensional advective transport model (MODPATH) of a 1300 km2-large coastal area of southern Denmark and northern Germany is presented. A detailed voxel model represents the highly heterogeneous geological composition of the area. Inverse modelling of advective transport is used to estimate seven, spatially distributed, effective porosity units based on apparent groundwater ages inferred from 11 14C measurements in Pleistocene and Miocene aquifers, corrected for the effects of diffusion and geochemical reactions. The match between the observed and simulated ages is improved significantly by the calibration of seven porosity units by a reduction of ME of 99 % and RMS of 82 % compared to a uniform porosity approach. Groundwater ages range from a few hundred years in the Pleistocene to several thousand years in Miocene aquifers. The advective age distributions derived from particle tracking at each sampling well show unimodal (for younger ages) to multimodal (for older ages) shapes and thus reflect the heterogeneity that particles encounter along their travel path. The estimated effective porosity field, with values ranging between 4.3 % in clay and 45 % in sand formations, is used in a direct simulation of distributed mean groundwater ages. Although the absolute ages are affected by various uncertainties, a unique insight into the complex three-dimensional age distribution pattern and potential advance of young contaminated groundwater in the investigated regional aquifer system is provided, highlighting the importance of estimating effective porosity in groundwater transport modelling and the implications for groundwater quantity and quality assessment and management.
Test method for narrowband F/TDMA-based wireless sensor/actuator networks including radio channel emulation in severe multipath environments
Authors: Cammin Christoph , Krush Dmytro , Heynicke Ralf , Scholl Gerd
Published: March 2018

Abstract. A test method for narrowband wireless sensor/actuator networks is presented, facilitating affordable and efficient performance and compliance tests prior to the deployment of the wireless communication systems. Commonly used channel models are examined to derive a worst-case test scenario. Employing frequency/time division multiple access (F/TDMA) techniques and protocol synchronization, a new and efficient test method is suggested, where the equipment under test (EUT) is evaluated under the worst-case scenario. A cost-efficient channel emulator is introduced to emulate fading in multipath environments. Also, industrial interferes can be included in the setup. Furthermore, a procedure to test wireless devices with integrated, non-detachable antennas is presented.
Intervenciones psicológicas eficaces en pacientes con cáncer de mama en Latinoamérica y España: una revisión sistemática
Authors: Quintero María Fernanda , Finc Carolyn
Published: March 2018

Objetivo: Este estudio es una revisión sistemática que buscó identificar la evidencia disponible en la literatura científica de Latinoamérica y España sobre las intervenciones psicológicas eficaces en mujeres con cáncer de mama, entre el 2006 y 2016. Método: Las bases de datos empleadas fueron BVS y PsycNet-APA, utilizando los descriptores: cáncer de mama, intervenciones psicológicas, psicooncología, y psicoterapia, tanto en inglés como en español. También se realizó la búsqueda en Google Académico, con la combinación “Cáncer de mama and intervenciones psicológicas”. Resultados: Se encontraron 17 artículos en los que el modelo teórico más implementado fue el modelo cognitivo conductual, seguido por el modelo de intervenciones grupales y psicosociales. Sin embargo, también se encontraron otros modelos menos comunes para esta población. Así mismo se identificaron limitaciones en términos de metodología en estas investigaciones, lo que dificulta la generalización de sus resultados. Conclusiones: Se considera que es necesario la realización de investigaciones con diseños robustos en Latinoamérica y España sobre intervenciones psicooncológicas eficaces en pacientes con cáncer de mama.
La revelación del diagnóstico en oncología: una investigación transcultural Brasil-España
Authors: Kern de Castro Elisa , Peloso Franciele , Vital Luísa , Bittencourt Romeiro Fernanda , Moro Gutiérrez Lourdes , González Fernández-Conde Marta
Published: March 2018

Objetivo: examinar aspectos transculturales de la revelación del diagnóstico de cáncer en pacientes brasileños y españoles. Método: Se realizó una investigación cualitativa en la que fueron entrevistados 28 pacientes en quimioterapia (14 brasileños y 14 españoles). El análisis de contenido identificó tres ejes temáticos: 1) Cómo fue revelado el diagnóstico; 2) Contexto en que el diagnóstico fue revelado y 3) Quién reveló el diagnóstico. Resultados: existen particularidades en la manera de revelar el diagnostico entre los dos países. En Brasil aún ocurre que el enfermo puede ser derivado a un oncólogo sin una explicación satisfactoria previa sobre su estado de salud. Aunque en los dos países existan relatos de comunicación de diagnóstico en el contexto apropiado (consulta), también ha aparecido revelación de manera informal (por teléfono) sin un ambiente adecuado para que el paciente sea acogido y tenga posibilidad de expresar sus miedos y sus dudas. Conclusión: es necesario invertir en la formación profesional para mejorar la habilidad de comunicación y educación en salud para tratar pacientes con cáncer.
Jewish American Literature: A Scholar's Map
Authors: Cronin Gloria L. , Steiner Makayla C.
Published: March 2018

In the new millennium, Jewish American literature is rarely taught within its own tradition in America's English departments. This bibliographical essay provides a scholar's gateway map replete with headnotes and introductory explanations of the primary divisions and subdivisions of the relevant academic traditions of Jews writing in America. Accordingly, it covers Jews in American history; anthologies; encyclopedias; bibliographies; periodicals; Hebrew, Sephardic, and Yiddish traditions; Holocaust materials; Jewish American poetry, drama, fiction, memoirs, women writers, gay and lesbian writers, comic books, graphic novels, humor, folklore, and literary theory. It also delineates all major periods in Jewish literary production such as Yiddish theater, immigrant literature, early twentieth-century fiction, the so-called Jewish Decades (1950–70), Holocaust literature, the Jewish American literary resurgence (1980–present), and the New York literary resurgence (2000–present).
Willa Cather's Tauchnitz Editions and Their Role in Establishing Her European and Worldwide Reputation, 1926–47
Authors: Johanningsmeier Charles
Published: March 2018

This article documents Willa Cather's involvement with the Tauchnitz publishing firm of Leipzig, Germany, which between 1926 and 1936 reprinted, in English, seven Cather novels and one short story collection; it also published one of her short stories along with other materials as a textbook for German students learning English. The article documents Cather's motivations for allowing Tauchnitz to reprint her works, the methods by which copies of these volumes were circulated throughout Europe and elsewhere in the world, and the ways in which international readers interacted with them. Although these Tauchnitz volumes performed important work in promoting Cather as an important American author to European and world audiences, at the same time they likely contributed to her being seen less as a writer of avant-garde modernist texts and more as a relatively traditional author of American regionalist realism.
William Gaddis: The “Human Shambles”
Authors: Knight Christopher J.
Published: March 2018

Joseph Tabbi's Nobody Grew But the Business: On the Life and Work of William Gaddis purports to be both a biography of the great American novelist and a critical examination of his work. Tabbi's heart, however, is less in the space of the biographer, though he adds interesting information this way, than in that of the critic interested especially in Gaddis's second novel, J R (1976), understood here as a “prescient vision” of the corporatization of American experience and how systems, in general, operate.
Challenges Facing Clinical Research: An Example From a Middle Eastern Country
Authors: Zekri Jamal
Published: March 2018

INTRODUCTION: Most countries thrive to build and expand national research. Challenges may hinder clinical researchers and potential researchers particularly in developing countries. We aim to study some of these challenges in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). METHODS: A questionnaire reflecting possible challenges was completed by delegates and faculties of 5 cancer related educational scientific meetings.RESULTS: One hundred and forty seven responders were practicing in KSA and are the subject of this report. Ninety five (64.6%) were physicians. While 122 (83%) are interested in conducting research, service commitments and inadequate time, process of research approval within the department and obtaining financial funding were the most frequent challenges reported by 86 (58.5%), 61 (41.5%) and 53 (36.1%) of responders.CONCLUSION: Major challenges hinder clinical research development. The identified challenges need to be seriously addressed if advances in clinical research are to be expected.
Religious Jewish Mothers’ Perspective of Their Daughters’ Continuing Singlehood
Authors: Dor Asnat
Published: March 2018

This qualitative study is an examination of the attitudes of national religious Jewish Israeli mothers toward their daughters’ singlehood. The daughters were in their mid to late twenties, when the religious and social expectation is that they be married. The study is designed to explore the main issues faced by the mothers, including perceived difficulties and advantages of their daughters' unmarried status. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 18 middle-class mothers, whose responses underwent content analysis and revealed a combination of traditional ideas with modern, liberal, and feminist values: internal and external concerns on behalf of the mothers, together with listing advantages and mothers supporting the daughters not to rush into marriage. The findings reveal that confronting social expectations means coping with the old norms while being aware of new possibilities and opportunities. Limitations of the study are discussed.
Empathy in Traditional and Cyber Bullying/Victimization Involvement From Early to Middle Adolescence: A Cross Sectional Study
Authors: Antoniadou Nafsika , Kokkinos Constantinos M.
Published: March 2018

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship of affective and cognitive empathy with traditional and cyber bullying/victimization experiences among Greek participants who attended the fifth and sixth grade of elementary school (n=126), junior high school (n=140), and senior high school (n=157). Overall, results indicated negative correlations of empathy (especially affective) with traditional and cyber bullying/victimization. Negative correlations were particularly observed among elementary school participants, while affective empathy was found to be negatively related to bullying involvement, especially among girls. Overall, empathy (especially affective) may not be sufficiently developed among elementary school students, thus precluding them from understanding and caring about others' emotional state. The negative correlation of empathy and cyber-bullying among junior high school participants might be related to the characteristics of computer mediated communication. Implications of the findings are discussed.
Development and Validation of a Surface Plasmon Resonance Biosensor for Specific Detection of Porcine Serum Albumin in Food
Authors: Wang Wei , Zhu Xudong , Teng Shuang , Xu Xinglian , Zhou Guanghong
Published: March 2018

Food allergies are a potential food safety and public health concern worldwide. To assure the safety of people who experience allergic reactions, it is necessary to establish effective and reliable methods for rapid detection of food allergens. This paper reports an innovative method for the rapid detection and analysis of porcine serum albumin (PSA), known as a major allergen in pork, based on a surface plasmon resonance (SPR) biosensor. The antibodies known to have a high bioactivity against PSA were verified by competitive indirect-ELISA and then immobilized on the SPR sensor surface, thus allowing them to capture PSA. The developed SPR demonstrated a linear range from 1.0 to 450 ng/mL for the measurement of PSA with a detection limit of 19.81 ng/mL. Within-day RSD (1.97–4.02%) and between-day RSD (1.88–4.15%) were no more than 5%. The SPR was evaluated for analysis of six commercial food samples and showed almost perfect agreement between the results obtained by ELISA test kits without significant differences (P > 0.05). Therefore, this assay permits accurate, specific, and sensitive detection of PSA in pork and pork products.
Strategies for Teaching Kant’s Metaphysics and Hume’s Skepticism in Survey Courses
Authors: Brewer C. D. ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: March 2018

Teaching Kant’s metaphysics to undergraduates in a survey course can be quite challenging. Specifically, it can be daunting to motivate interest in Kant’s project and present his system in an accessible way in a short amount of time. Furthermore, comprehending some of the important features of his requires some understanding of Hume’s skepticism. Unfortunately, students often misunderstand the extent and relevance of Hume’s skepticism. Here, I offer three strategies for presenting Kant’s metaphysics as a response to Hume. First, I describe an exercise for presenting the problem of induction in a way that resonates with many students. Next, I provide a way of generating interest in Kant’s project so students are motivated to understand his position. Finally, I explain a game I use to bolster interest in Kant’s project and explain some of the more challenging aspects of the First Analogy.
NARRATIVAS LITERÁRIAS: RESSIGNIFICANDO AS MÍDIAS NA EDUCAÇÃO
Authors: Maia Luisa Carla Fontoura de , Chicon Patricia Mariotto Mozzaquatro
Published: March 2018

A presente pesquisa foi desenvolvida com uma turma de 8ºano, do Instituto Estadual de Educação Mãe de Deus, na cidade de Tupanciretã- RS, e tem por objetivo construir o conhecimento literário, social e multidisciplinar a partir da narrativa literária “Perseu e Medusa”, extraída do livro didático da turma, a qual os educandos se identificaram pela relevância do tema, de acordo com o conhecimento prévio e realidade de leitura dos discentes, incentivando o desenvolvimento da cognição e linguagem, expressos através de mídias digitais. Incentivando à leitura e escrita literária e sua reprodução feita pelos estudantes através de um canal no site YouTube, que demonstrou desdobramentos positivos em sua aplicação.