bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Posttraumatic growth in child sexual abuse survivors: a scoping review protocol
Authors: Sicilia Laura , Águila-Otero Alba , Barrios Maite , Pereda Noemí
Published: November 2022

Background: Child sexual abuse (CSA) is a severe type of victimization that implies prolonged and devastating traumatization. However, some research suggests that CSA survivors can also experience personal and deep transformation in the aftermath of struggling with the pain and distress derived from the abuse experience, referred to as posttraumatic growth (PTG). This change in terms of beliefs, attitudes and values is self-perceived and improves subjective well-being. The aim of this scoping review is to compile studies about PTG experienced by CSA survivors, offering a wide overview of the main methodologies and findings, and identifying areas for further research on this topic. Method: The review will follow the PRISMA guidelines for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) and the five-step process described by Arksey and O’Malley. The databases selected for the search were: Web of Science, Scopus, PsycInfo, Medline and ProQuest Social Science. Only peer-review studies will be considered for this review, covering qualitative and quantitative methodologies. Studies about PTG in adult CSA survivors will be included in the review. Screening of the studies will be performed independently by two researchers, reading titles and abstracts from all potentially relevant studies. Any possible conflict will be resolved by a third reviewer before the full-text review. After that, two reviewers will complete the data extraction with a tailored data extraction tool. Descriptive and narrative analysis will be performed to show the results of the scoping review.
Discussion: Ethical approval is not required. The results will be disseminated through a peer-reviewed article and conference presentations.
A cross-sectional study of the relationship between the prevalence of thyroid nodules and iodine nutrition and its influencing factors based on a large sample in coastal areas
Authors: Wang Lijin , Wu Jiani , Wang Muhua , Wu Xiaoyan , Lan Ying , He Meng , Chen Diqun , Chen Zhihui
Published: November 2022

Background The prevalence of thyroid nodules has been increasing in recent years. Nevertheless, studies on the association between iodine status and thyroid nodules are controversial. Objective We aimed to investigate whether there is an association between iodine status and thyroid nodule disease and explore the risk factors of thyroid nodules. Methods 3926 residents participated in the investigation from the four different regions in Fujian Province in 2017, which are coastal urban area (CUA), non-coastal urban area (Non-CUA); coastal rural area (CRA), and non-coastal rural area (Non-CRA). Participants were interviewed face-to-face using a structured questionnaire. B-ultrasound was carried out to detect thyroid nodules, and drinking water, table salt, and urine samples were collected from the household. Results The iodine status was appropriate in Fujian Province. The prevalence of thyroid nodules was 22.4% in 2017, of which males accounted for 16.3% while females accounted for 28.2%. In our study, there was no statistically significant between iodine status and thyroid nodules (P > 0.05). However, female (OR = 1.9), increasing age (OR = 1.1), housewife (OR = 1.4); student (OR = 4.2); employee of enterprises and institutions (OR = 1.5), less frequency of milk and dairy products intake (< 3 times (3t) per week: 1-2t OR = 2.7; <1t OR = 2.3), and less frequency of vegetables and fruits consumption intake (< 3 times (3t) per week: 1-2t OR = 1.4; <1t OR = 1.4) are risk factors for thyroid nodule disease (P < 0.05). Conclusions There was no evidence indicating that drinking water, iodized salt, iodine-rich food, goitrogenic food, and urinary iodine concentration (UIC) are connected with thyroid nodules. Females, increasing age,, vocation (student, housewife, employee of enterprises and institutions), less frequency of milk and dairy products intake (< 3t per week), less frequency of vegetables and fruits consumption intake, and living in coastal city (coastal or urban) can increase the risk of thyroid nodules.
Ultrathin Descemet Stripping Automated Endothelial Keratoplasty (UT-DSAEK) versus Descemet Membrane Endothelial Keratoplasty (DMEK) - A Systematic Review & Meta-Analysis
Authors: Hurley Daire , Murtagh Patrick , guerin marc
Published: November 2022

Background/Objectives:Endothelial keratoplasty (EK) is a commonly performed transplant procedure used in the treatment of corneal endothelial dysfunction. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to evaluate the differences in visual acuity outcomes, endothelial cell density (ECD) and complications between two forms of EK, ultrathin descemet stripping automated endothelial keratoplasty (UT-DSAEK) and descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty (DMEK).Methods:A comprehensive literature search was conducted to identify studies reporting comparative results of UT-DSAEK versus DMEK. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement was used for search strategy. Of 141 titles, 7 studies met the inclusion criteria; best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) (LogMAR), ECD (cells/mm2), and complications were compared, with all statistical analysis performed using Review Manager.Results:A total of 362 eyes were included for analysis. DMEK resulted in significantly better BCVA at 3 months (0.13 vs 0.23, p = 0.003) and 1 year post-op (0.10 vs 0.19, p = 0.0005). UT-DSAEK resulted in significantly lower total complications (25.2% vs 57.3%, p = 0.0001) and rates of re-bubbling (11.0% vs 33.7%, p = 0.004). No differences were found in ECD between the two procedures (1,673.8 vs 1,705.3, p = 0.77).Conclusions:DMEK results in superior visual acuity rates with quicker recovery. However, UT-DSAEK has a more favourable complication profile, particularly regarding lower rates of re-bubbling. Both are valuable options in the treatment of corneal endothelial disease and choice of procedure may depend on surgical expertise.
Preoperative predictors for return to physical activity following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR): a systematic review
Authors: Carter Hayley M. , Lewis Gwyn N. , Smith Benjamin E.
Published: November 2022

Background

Rates of return to physical activity after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction surgery are sub-optimal. Optimising presurgical treatment may improve return rates. The purpose of this systematic review was to identify modifiable preoperative predictors for return to physical activity after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction.

methods

Six electronic databases ( CINAHL, AMED, MEDLINE, SPORTDiscus and PsycINFO via EBSCOhost and Web of Science) were searched from inception to 31 December 2021.
The population of focus was adults aged 18–65 who had undergone primary anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. Studies needed to identify at least one potential modifiable preoperative predictor variable and the relationship between the predictor(s) and return to physical activity. All time-points of assessment and study designs were included.
Data extraction was completed by one reviewer and verified by a second reviewer. Two reviewers completed the risk of bias assessment using the Quality in Prognostic Studies tool and Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation system.

Results

The search identified 345 studies, eight met the inclusion criteria. Five studies scored 'high’, and three studies scored ‘moderate’ risk-of-bias. All preoperative predictors were of very low-quality evidence.
Five different outcome measures were used to assess return to physical activity including Tegner, Marx, Physical Activity Scale, return to play at the elite level and return to preinjury level (undefined). This was measured between 1 and 10 years post-surgery. Nine preoperative physical, six psychosocial and five demographic/clinical factors were assessed and five factors were found to be predictive. These included anterior knee laxity, quadriceps strength, psychological profile, patient estimated ability to return and graft type (patella tendon).

Conclusion

Very low-quality evidence supports preoperative physical, psychosocial and demographic/clinical factors to be predictive of return to physical activity between one- and ten-years after anterior cruciate ligament surgery.

Trial registration

This study was prospectively registered in PROSPERO: CRD 42020222567.
Effects of dietary supplementation of peanut skins (Arachis hypogaea) on performance, digestibility, and rumen fermentation of cattle: A meta-analysis
Authors: Idowu Modoluwamu , Pech-Cervantes Andres , Taiwo Godstime , Eichie F. , Ogunade Ibukun M. , Terrill Thomas H.
Published: November 2022

The objective of this study was to estimate the magnitude of effects of the dietary inclusion of Peanut skins (PS) byproduct (Arachis hypogea L.) on intake, total-tract digestibility, and rumen fermentation of cattle via meta-analysis. Data were collected following the PRISMA methodology. Nine manuscripts and a graduate thesis met the inclusion criteria from 1983 to 2010. The effect size was estimated by calculating the weighted raw mean differences (RMD) between PS vs. control diets. The RMD was compared with a robust variance estimation method followed by a meta-regression and a dose-response analysis fitting the diet characteristics like crude protein (CP), NDF content, ether extract content (EE), PS level in diet (0 to 40%), and tannin content as covariates. Dietary PS decreased (P < 0.01) total-tract CP digestibility (52.0 vs. 64.3%), final body weight (371.5 vs. 397.9 kg), and average daily gain (1.14 vs. 1.44 kg/d) among treatment comparisons. Likewise, PS decreased total VFA (92.6 vs. 107.6 mmol/L) and NH3N (8.22 vs. 12.1 mg/dL) among treatment comparisons, but no effects were observed on rumen pH (6.47 vs. 6.14), acetate (52.6 vs. 50.4%), propionate (31.9 vs. 33.1%), and butyrate (11.02 vs. 11.2%) molar proportions among treatment comparisons. Despite the between-cluster variance, dietary PS increased the ether extract digestibility (77.5 vs. 70.2%) among treatment comparisons. The subset and dose-response analysis revealed that PS should not exceed 8% (DM basis) in the diet to prevent negative effects on CP digestibility and animal performance. The tannin content in the diet strongly influenced the observed effects on rumen fermentation suggesting a low tolerance (> 3% in the diet) by cattle to tannins in PS. In conclusion, the results of this meta-analysis do not support the dietary inclusion of PS in cattle diets beyond 8%. However, low dietary levels of PS (up to 8%) could increase the incorporation of antioxidants and unsaturated fatty acids from PS in cattle.
Quadruplet expanded DNA (QED) genetic code for eukaryotic cells**
Authors: Singh Rama Shankar
Published: November 2022

QED genetic code for eukaryote cells is developed by analyzing triplet gene encoding and overcoming the lack of transcription and splicing controls. While verifying the triplet genetic code, Nobel laureate H.G. Khorana avoided synthesizing poly-rAU and poly- rCG, not promoting polypeptide formation. The QED codon is developed using these attributes. Here, the QED codon is assumed to comprise all four DNA bases (T, C, A, and G); the code is position-independent and symmetric. The adjacent bases (A: U) and (C: G) forming complementarity pairs naturally do not promote polypeptide formation; instead, they control the synthesis process, transcription, and splicing. Under these constraints, the resulting (4x4x4x4) 256 quadruplets fall into two groups: 20 independent codons encoding 20 canonical amino acids and 35 independent noncoding codons regulating the process, including transcription and splicing. Since gene variants lead to dysfunctional protein-causing diseases, steps to correct dysfunctional proteins are described, anticipating a strategy for developing cures for rare diseases and multigenic cancers.
Retrospective Audit in Documentation Practice in Surgical Inpatients Records , A Two Cycles Audit.
Authors: Gasoma ElMuhtadi B.Y.
Published: November 2022

Background
To provide safe and effective patient care, records must be kept in a high-quality manner. Clinical audits should be conducted on a frequent basis to ensure that high standards of record keeping are upheld. An audit and re-audit of the surgical inpatient records' documentation was conducted as part of a retrospective, descriptive study to see if it alignes with the hospital's stated policy.
AIMS / OBJECTIVES
Evaluating the hospital's present documentation process and considering how current practice could be improved were the key objectives of the audit project.
METHOD
An interactive form was created to audit the criteria using standard hospital guidelines as a foundation. Retrospective analysis of 120 case files served as the main source for the information gathered. The documentation in the records were evaluated to determine whether it were accurate and complete in every section. The data was collected, analyzed, and presented at clinical governance. We then implemented in our documentation protocol for all surgical personnel to be given instructions on the appropriate documentation and how to complete it. This data was again, prospectively collected to complete the audit cycle.
RESULTS
35 of the 37 relevant audit standards witnessed an increase in compliance. No standard or criterion's compliance dropped during the re-audit cycle. Since the first audit cycle, compliance has increased on average by 32% across all audit criteria, suggesting that some of the work done after the first cycle has had a significant effect.
DISCUSSION / CONCLUSIONS
Record-keeping must be considered as an integral part of medical practice; current documentation work demonstrates that, when performed appropriately, audit can actually affect the quality of clinical records. The audit itself can increase awareness of the need for practice improvement. The distribution of findings, instruction, training, and local action planning are all essential for developing practice.
Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of critically ill patients with Guillain-Barre syndrome in Shiraz, Iran
Authors: Naderi-Boldaji vida , Zand Farid , Asmarian Naeimehossadat , Marbooti Hoda , Masjedi Mansoor , Tabibzadeh Seyedeh Maryam , Esmaeilinezhad Zahra , Nazeri Masoume
Published: November 2022

Objective
This prospective study reports the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) patients admitted to the intensive care units of Namazi Hospital, the largest referral center in the south of Iran, between March 20, 2016, to March 19, 2021.
Results
One hundred and thirty-two GBS patients were identified with an average age of 47.87 ± 15.41 years and a male/female ratio of 1.69:1. A significant proportion (49.3%) were classified as having axonal disease. The electrophysiological classification was strongly related to muscle weakness: 51.4% of patients classified as axonal had lower limb power < 3, compared with only 36% of those classified as demyelinated. This group also needed mechanical ventilation more frequently (54% vs. 46%) and for a longer duration (26 (9–37) vs. 10 (1–61) days). Pneumonia and sepsis were each observed in 16% of patients, while 12% developed a urinary tract infection. Acute Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyradiculoneuropathy (AIDP; 41.5%) was the commonest variant of GBS in our study. Six (3.8%) patients died and 126 (96.2%) survived.
Conclusion
The axonal type of disease was detected in a large portion of our critically ill GBS patients; these patients needed mechanical ventilation more frequently and for a longer duration than those in other electrophysiological study categories. Our in-hospital mortality proportion fell within the range reported in other published studies.
Enabling conservation Theories of Change
Authors: Buelow Christina , Connolly Rod , Dunic Jillian , Griffiths Laura , Holgate Briana , Lee Shing Yip , Mackey Brendan , Maxwell Paul , Pearson Ryan , Rajkaran Anusha , Sievers Michael , Sousa Ana , Tulloch Vivitskaia , Turschwell Mischa , Villarreal-Rosas Jaramar , Brown Christopher
Published: November 2022

Global Theories of Change (ToCs), such as the post-2020 Global Biodiversity Framework (GBF), provide broad, overarching guidance for achieving conservation goals. However, broad guidance cannot inform how conservation actions will lead to desired outcomes. We provide a framework for translating a global-scale ToC into focussed, ecosystem-specific ToCs that consider feasibility of actions, as determined by national socioeconomic and political context (i.e., enabling conditions). We demonstrate the framework using coastal wetland ecosystems as a case study. We identified six distinct multinational profiles of enabling conditions (‘enabling profiles’) for coastal wetland conservation. For countries belonging to enabling profiles with high internal capacity to enable conservation, we described plausible ToCs that involved strengthening policy and regulation. Alternatively, for enabling profiles with low internal enabling capacity, plausible ToCs typically required formalising community-led conservation. Our ‘enabling profile’ framework could be applied to other ecosystems to help operationalise the post-2020 GBF.
Hertz-rate metropolitan quantum teleportation
Authors: Zhou Qiang , Shen Si , Yuan Chenzhi , Zhang Zichang , Yu Hao , Zhang Ruiming , Yang Chuanrong , Li Hao , Wang Zhen , Wang You , Deng Guangwei , Song Haizhi , You Lixing , Fan Yunru , Guo Guangcan
Published: November 2022

Quantum teleportation can transfer an unknown quantum state between distant quantum nodes, which holds great promise in enabling large-scale quantum networks. To advance the full potential of quantum teleportation, quantum states must be faithfully transferred at a high rate over long distance. Despite recent impressive advances, a high-rate quantum teleportation system across metropolitan fiber networks is extremely desired. Here, we demonstrate a quantum teleportation system which transfers quantum states carried by independent photons at a rate of 7.1 ± 0.4 Hz over 64-km-long fiber channel. An average single-photon fidelity of ≥ 90.6 ± 2.6% is achieved, which exceeds the maximum fidelity of 2/3 in classical regime. Our result marks an important milestone towards quantum networks and opens the door to exploring quantum entanglement based informatic applications for the future quantum internet.
Accelerating the solar-thermal energy storage via inner-light supplying with optical waveguide
Authors: Zhang Yafang , Tang Jibin , Chen Jialin , Zhang Yuhai , Chen XiangXiang , Ding Meng , Zhou Weijia , Xu Xijin , Liu Hong , Xue Guobin
Published: November 2022

Solar-thermal storage with phase-change materials (PCMs) plays an important role in solar energy utilization. However, most PCMs own low thermal conductivity which restricts the thermal charging rate and leads to low solar-thermal conversion efficiency. Here, we propose to regulate the solar-thermal conversion interface in spatial dimension by transmitting the sunlight into the paraffin-graphene composite with side-glowing optical waveguide fiber. This inner-light supply mode avoids the overheating surface of the PCMs, accelerates the charging rate by 123% than that of the traditional surface irradiation mode and increases the solar thermal efficiency to ~94.85%. Additionally, the large-scale device with inner-light supply mode works efficiently outdoors, indicating the potential of this heat localization strategy in practical application.
The efficacy of bacteriophage-encoded endolysin relies on active residues: A molecular perspective
Authors: Easwaran Maheswaran , Govindaraj Rajiv Gandhi , Naderi Misagh , Brylinski Michal , Zoysa Mahanama , SHIN HYUN-JIN , Hong Eui-Ju
Published: November 2022

Bacteriophage-encoded endolysins have been recognized as promising antibacterial specialists for combating antibiotic-resistant bacteria. Endolysins have been restricted in the case of treatment of Gram-negative bacteria exogenously, where the outer membrane prohibits access to peptidoglycan. Therefore, this study mainly focuses on the structural and functional mechanism of endolysins of phage EcSw (ΦEcSw), responsible for glycosidase degradation of bacterial peptidoglycans. We conducted a computational study to analyze the protein folding, active domains and active residues of endolysin. The structural similarity-based docking identified the active residues (Glu19 and Asp34) of endolysin involved in the recognition and transglycosylase cleavage of the bacterial peptidoglycan. The enzymatic activities of the computationally predicted and highly conserved catalytic residues were validated through site-directed mutagenesis. The antibacterial assay suggesting that the wild type endolysin have significant lytic activity compare with its mutants including E19D, E19K, D34E, D34H and K19/H34 that can modulate the function of endolysins. Overall, our study utilized protein engineering, gene mutations, and computational models to identify the active residues of functional endolysin. Furthermore, the mutational study corroborated the application of phage endolysins as an antimicrobial therapy for combating multidrug-resistant pathogenic diseases and future pandemics.
Thiazide-associated hyponatremia increases the risk of major adverse cardiovascular events among elderly Taiwanese patients
Authors: Yang Hsun , Hsu Jane Lu , Kuo Yu-Hung , Liao Kuan-Fu
Published: November 2022

Background: Thiazide-associated hyponatremia (TAH) has been supposed to increase the risk of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) in the elderly. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the association of TAH with the risk of MACE in elderly Taiwanese patients.
Methods: Data from the longitudinal generation tracking database (LGTD 2010) of the Health and Welfare Data Science Center (HWDC) were retrospectively assessed. The TAH study group was defined as using >30 cumulative daily defined doses (CDDDs) thiazide diuretics within one year before diagnosis of hyponatremia. The control group (1:3 propensity score matching) had no diagnosis of hyponatremia but had used >30 CDDDs thiazide diuretics within one year. Data on MACE were extracted using International Classification of Diseases codes. Outcomes were assessed using a multivariable Cox proportional hazard model and Kaplan-Meier analysis.
Results: A total of 1155 and 3465 individuals were enrolled in the TAH and the control groups, respectively. The rates of MACE (11.1% vs. 7.3%) and death (22.8% vs.12.2%) were significantly higher in the TAH group than the control group. In the TAH group, the adjusted HRs were 1.29 for MACE, 1.39 for all-cause death, and 1.61 for stroke.
Conclusion: TAH in patients above 65-years-old is associated with a 29% higher risk of MACE, 39% higher risk of all-cause death, and 61% higher risk of stroke. This work suggests that thiazides prescription in elderly patients should be more careful. However, further research is required to confirm our findings.
Aging aggravates acetaminophen-induced acute liver injury and inflammation though inordinate C/EBPα-BMP9 crosstalk
Authors: Liu Rui , Xu Wentao , Sun Yating , Zhu He , Dong Huke , Yin Shi
Published: November 2022

Background
Previous studies have shown that bone morphogenetic protein 9 (BMP9) is almost exclusively produced in the liver and reaches tissues throughout the body as a secreted protein. However, the role and mechanism of BMP9 in aging-associated liver injury and inflammation are still unclear.
Results
Aging significantly aggravates acetaminophen (APAP)-induced acute liver injury (ALI). Increased expression of CCAAT/enhancer binding proteins α (C/EBPα) and BMP9 was detected in the aged livers, as well as in hepatocytes and macrophages (MФs) isolated from the aged mice. The current results showed that excess BMP9 is directly related to APAP-induced hepatocyte injury and death, evidenced by activated drosophila mothers against decapentaplegic protein 1/5/9 (SMAD1/5/9) signal, higher cell death ratio, inhibited ATG3 and ATG7, blocked autophagy, increased activity of senescence-associated beta‐galactosidase (SA‐β‐Gal), and increased senescence‐associated secretory phenotype (SASP). Conversely, Bmp9 knockout (Bmp9−/−) could partly alleviate the above signs. Moreover, the expression of BMP9 was found to be regulated by C/EBPα in vitro and in vivo. Notably, BMP9 can also downregulated autophagy through autophagy-related genes (ATG3 and ATG7) in MΦs, which is associated with the aggravation of liver injury and the production of SASP.
Conclusions
In summary, the present study highlights the crucial roles for the C/EBPα-BMP9 crosstalk and provides insights into the interrelationship between hepatocytes and MΦs during acute liver injury.
Verifiable Threshold Changeable Secret Image Sharing scheme based on LWE problem
Authors: Dehkordi Massoud Hadian , Mashhadi Samaneh , Farahi Seyed Taghi , Noorallahzadeh Mohommad Hosein
Published: November 2022

In threshold secret image sharing (t, n) schemes, each of n shareholders has a share of secret image S. By having at least t shares, the dealer D can retrieve the secret image S. In such traditional secret image sharing schemes, there is no ability to change the threshold. In fact, the security policy of the secret recovery phase may change, and the number of shareholders present at the phase of secret recovery may need to change, in this case, we need secret sharing schemes with a changeable threshold. In this paper, a changeable secret image sharing scheme based on Learning With Error problem is introduced. We also use Bloom Filter for non-interactive verification of participants’ shares.
Anatomy of nanomagnetic switching at a 3D Topological Insulator PN junction
Authors: Xie Yunkun , Vakili Hamed , Ganguly Samiran , Ghosh Avik
Published: November 2022

A P-N junction engineered within a Dirac cone system acts as a gate tunable angular filter based on Klein tunneling. For a 3D topological insulator with a substantial bandgap, such a filter can produce a charge-to-spin conversion due to the dual effects of spin-momentum locking and momentum filtering. We analyze how spins filtered at an in-plane topological insulator PN junction (TIPNJ) interact with a nanomagnet, and argue that the intrinsic charge-to-spin conversion does not translate to an external gain if the nanomagnet also acts as the source contact. Regardless of the nanomagnet's position, the spin torque generated on the TIPNJ is limited by its surface current density, which in turn is limited by the bulk bandgap. Using quantum kinetic models, we calculated the spatially varying spin potential and quantified the localization of the current versus the applied bias. Additionally, with the magnetodynamic simulation of a soft magnet, we show that the PN junction can offer a critical gate tunability in the switching probability of the nanomagnet, with potential applications in probabilistic neuromorphic computing.
A Novel Implementation of Binary Coded Decimal Based Logic Divider Uding Vedic Direct Flag Method and its Application in Key Generation in RSA Gryptographic Algorithm.
Authors: a Balamanikandan , KARUNAMURTHI SARANYA , k suresh
Published: November 2022

Reversible logic does not dissipate energy and information loss never occurs. So, this futuristic technology is forced towards many applications involving less energy dissipation. This work targets the design of new Vedic divider circuit and its implementation using reversible gates. Direct Flag Vedic Division Method (DFVDM) is a new methodology and it is addressed in this proposed work using reversible logic. We have utilized basic reversible gates in the block level construction and showed that the proposed Reversible Direct Flag Vedic Division Method (RDFVDM) implementation is having quantum parameter as well as ASIC parameter efficiency. This divider circuit inherits many advantages such as fewer garbage outputs, minimum quantum cost. Simulation investigations have been done by CADENCE EDA Tool. The proposed Vedic divider is also compared using the reversible structural metrics like garbage outputs, constant inputs, quantum cost with existing works and results showcases that RDFVDM excels than the equivalent designs.
Prognosis Role of E2F1 in Cancer: a Meta-analysis
Authors: Li Jingjing , Bi Wen , Lu Fang , Pan Bei , Xiong Mengqiu , Nie Zhenlin , He Bangshun
Published: November 2022

Objective
E2F1 has been confirmed to be highly expressed in a variety of cancers. To better understand the prognostic value of E2F1 in cancer patients, this study was conducted to comprehensively evaluate the prognostic value of E2F1 in cancer according to published data.
Method
PubMed, Web of Science and CNKI Database were searched until May 31th, 2022 by using key words to retrieve the published literatures on the role of E2F1 expression in the prognostic value of cancer. The literatures were identified according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The pooled result of hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) was calculated with Stata17.0 software.
Result
A total of 17 articles were included in this study involved in 4481 cancer patients. The pooled results showed that higher E2F1 expression was significantly correlated with unfavorable overall survival (OS) (HR = 1.10, 95%CI:1.03–1.16, I2 = 95.3%, PHeterogeneity=0.000) and disease-free survival (DFS) (HR = 1.41, 95%CI:1.33–1.49, I2 = 95.2%, PHeterogeneity=0.000) of cancer patients. Such a significant association of was maintained subgroup of sample size of patients (> 150: for OS, HR = 1.77, 95%CI:1.25–2.51, and for DFS, HR = 0.91, 95%CI:0.28–2.98; or < 150: for OS, HR = 1.93, 95%CI:0.94–3.06, and for DFS, HR = 4.39, 95%CI:4.05–4.76), ethnicity (Asian: for OS, HR = 1.65, 95%CI:1.19–2.29, and for DFS, HR = 1.08, 95%CI:0.25–4.61; or not Asian: HR = 3.55, 95%CI:1.92–6.55, and for DFS, HR = 2.87, 95%CI:1.15–7.14), the data from database (clinical: for OS, HR = 1.24, 95%CI: 0.54–2.82, and for DFS, HR = 1.40, 95%CI:0.40–4.94; or database: for OS, HR = 2.29, 95%CI:1.72–3.06, and for DFS, HR = 3.09, 95%CI:1.12–8.49), paper published year (after 2014: for OS, HR = 1.90, 95%CI:1.41–2.55;and for DFS,HR = 1.87, 95%CI:1.21–2.89; or before 2014: for OS, HR = 1.40, 95%CI:0.27–7.13, and for DFS, HR = 1.22, 95%CI:0.10-15.59);cancer type (female specific cancer: for OS, HR = 1.41, 95%CI:0.43–4.65, and for DFS, HR = 0.64, 95%CI:0.15–2.72; or non-gender specific cancers: for OS, HR = 2.00, 95%CI:1.30–3.09, and for DFS, HR = 2.95, 95%CI:1.47–5.91).
Conclusion
E2F1 could be served as a prognostic biomarker in cancer patients and higher levels of in cancer patients could predict shorter OS and DFS.
A hemodynamics study of adrenal veins with four-dimensional computed tomography using quantitative time-density curve characteristics
Authors: He Xi , Sueyoshi Eijun , Nagayama Hiroki , Koike Hirofumi , Uetani Masataka
Published: November 2022

Purpose
Present study quantitatively analyzed adrenal venous flow using four-dimensional computed tomography (4D CT).
Materials and Methods
We reviewed 4D CT images of 55 patients [mean age, 52 years ± 11 (standard deviation); 23 females] who underwent adrenal venous sampling (AVS) between August 2017 and February 2021. Time–density curves (TDC) were referred for the adrenal venous enhancement. The clinical factors affecting hemodynamics were assessed using uni- and multivariate linear regression analyses.
Results
The right and left adrenal veins (RAV and LAV, respectively) were visualized in all cases. Mean peak enhancement values in RAV and LAV were 247 ± 67 and 292 ± 70 Hounsfield units (P < 0.01), and were reached at 44.43 ± 6.86 and 45.39 ± 7.53 seconds (P < 0.01), respectively. The body mass index (BMI), plasma renin activity and potassium were significant factors influencing the peak enhancement of RAV blood flow [standardized regression coefficients, -0.327 (P = 0.017), -0.346 (P = 0.013), 0.426 (P = 0.016), respectively]. A linear relationship between sex and the time-to-peak was observed for RAV [standardized regression coefficient, 0.348 (P = 0.046)].
Conclusion
RAV had a lower contrast effect than LAV and reached its peak faster. BMI, plasma renin activity, and potassium were associated with flow density in RAV. Sex independently influenced the time-to-peak.
Ionothermal synthesis of magnetic N-doped porous carbon to immobilize Pd nanoparticles: An efficient heterogeneous catalyst for reduction of nitroaromatic compounds
Authors: Taheri Sahar , Heravi Majid M , Saljooqi Asma
Published: November 2022

Carbon materials play important roles as a catalyst or catalyst-support for reduction reactions owing to their high porosity, large specific surface area, great electron conductivity, and excellent chemical stability. In this paper, a mesoporous N-doped carbon substrate (exhibited as N-C) has been synthesized by ionothermal carbonization of glucose in the attendance of histidine. The N-C substrate was modified by Fe3O4 nanoparticles (N-C/Fe3O4), and then Pd nanoparticles were stabilized on the magnetic substrate to synthesize an eco-friendly Pd catalyst with high efficiency, magnetic, reusability, recoverability, and great stability. To characterize N-C/Fe3O4-Pd nanocatalyst, different microscopic and spectroscopic methods such as FT-IR, XRD, SEM/EDX, and TEM were applied. Moreover, N-C/Fe3O4-Pd showed high catalytic activity in reducing nitroaromatic compounds in water at ambient temperatures when NaBH4 was used as a reducing agent. The provided nanocatalyst's great catalytic durability and power can be ascribed to the synergetic interaction among well-dispersed Pd nanoparticles and N-doped carbonaceous support.
Prevalence of Non-communicable Chronic Morbidities (Nccms) and Associated Factors Among Persons Aged 60 Years and Above Inbulambuli District, Eastern Uganda
Authors: James Wanziima , David Ndungutse , Freddrick Ndobooli , Ddamulira Christopher
Published: November 2022

Background: The epidemiology of Non-Communicable Chronic Morbidities (NCCMs) is crucial in informing prevention and control initiatives for health systems in the developing world to handle the extra disease burden common in the aging population. Unfortunately, such evidence on the NCCMs and the associated factors remains scarce in Uganda and in Bugisu Sub-Region in particular just like in the rest of the Sub-Saharan Africa. Therefore, against this background, a study was undertaken to establish the prevalence of NCCMs and its associated factors among the elderly persons aged 60 years and above in Bulambuli District, Eastern Uganda.
Methods: A population-based cross sectional study design in which questionnaires and a key interview guide were administered to study subjects as part of the data collection process. Self-report, medical records and checklist of the typical symptoms were adopted in the diagnoses of NCCMs among elderly persons aged 60 years and above in Bulambuli district between late January and February 2020. SPSS software version 20.0 was used for data analysis and a Logistic Regression model was fitted to identify factors that independently influenced prevalence of NCCMs.
Results: A total of 317 subjects aged 60 years were recruited in the study and slightly more than half (55.0%) were less than 70 years and less than half (45.0%) were aged 70 years and above. The general prevalence rate of NCCMs was found to be 85.5%. The prevalence of the specific NCCMs was 71.0% for visual impairment, edentulousness (57.4%), Hypertension (33.4%), Diabetes mellitis (10.4%), Asthma (9.5%) and least common was Stroke at (9.1%). The statistically significant associated factors were family history of NCCMs (AOR = 4.80; 95% CI: 1.88-12.27; p = 0.001), poor state of housing (AOR = 3.22; 95% CI: 1.18-8.75; p = 0.022), cooking in a poorly ventilated kitchen (AOR = 4.53; 95% CI: 1.56-13.19; p = 0.006), and physical inactivity (AOR = 6.13; 95%CI: 2.04-18.46; p= 0.001).
Conclusions: There is generally a high burden of Non-Communicable Chronic Morbidities among elderly persons aged 60 years and above calling for more attention by the Ministry of Health and other ministries responsible for the elderly in Uganda and the developing world in general. There is need to pay attention to housing and kitchen conditions that were found to be significant influencing factors. Clear interventions are required to address the highly prevalent conditions among the elderly to improve on their quality of life.
Comparison of 18F-OC PET/CT, 18F-FDG PET/CT and CT/MRI in the detection and evaluation of neuroendocrine neoplasms
Authors: Chen Donghe , Yang Shuye , Chen Jingjing , Li Tiancheng , Liu Yinuo , Zhao Xin , Zhang Tingting , Xu Mimi , Wang Huatao , Zhao Kui , Su Xinhui
Published: November 2022

Objectives
Gallium-68 (68Ga)-labeled somatostatin analog (SSA) PET imaging has been widely used in clinical practice. Compared with 68Ga, 18F has a great practical and economic advantage. The characteristics of 18F-AlF-NOTA-octreotide (18F-OC) have been even more rarely described. Herein, this retrospective study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of 18F-OC PET/CT in detecting NENs, as well as to compare it with 18F-FDG PET/CT and CT/MRI.
Methods
We retrospectively evaluated the data of 93 patients who had undergone 18F-OC PET/CT scans. Moreover, of 45 patients with suspected NENs, 42 patients underwent enhanced CT scans, 38 patients underwent MRI scans, and 5 patients underwent 18F-FDG PET/CT imaging. Of 48 NENs patients for detecting metastasis or recurrence, these patients had enhanced CT (n = 36), MRI (n = 30) and 18F-FDG PET/CT scans (n = 14). A total of 276 suspected NENs lesions were found in these 93 patients. Histopathologic (n = 198) or radiographic follow-up (n = 78) served as the reference standard for the final diagnosis.
Results
Forty-five patients with suspected NENs were confirmed by histopathological examination via resection or biopsy. 18F-OC PET/CT showed high radiotracer uptake in the lesions of G1-G3 NENs. 18F-OC PET/CT showed superior performance, with 96.3% sensitivity, 77.8% specificity and 88.9% accuracy in diagnosing NENs compared to CT/MRI. When a standardized uptake value (SUVmax) of 8.3, target-to-background ratio (TBR) of 3.1 and SUVmax of hypophysis (SUVhypophysis) of 15.4 were cutoff points for differentiating NENs from non-NENs lesions, 18F-OC PET/CT had the best equilibrium between sensitivity and specificity. For a total of 276 suspected NENs lesions, the sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of 18F-OC were 90.5%, 82.1% and 88.8%, respectively, in the diagnosis of NENs and were higher than those of 18F-FDG PET/CT and CT/MRI. Furthermore, the TBR of 18F-OC PET was higher than that of 18F-FDG PET (P = 0.0118), especially in pancreas (P = 0.0024), liver (P < 0.0001) and G2 NENs (P < 0.0001). The SUVmax and TBR of 18F-OC PET/CT showed a significant correlation with the degree of CT enhancement in G2 but not in G1 or G3. Moreover, there was a higher blood supply and lower 18F-OC TBR in G1 and G2 NENs than in G3.
Conclusions
18F-OC PET/CT is a promising imaging modality for initial diagnosis and detecting metastasis or postoperative recurrence in NENs.
Pre-Flight Body Weight Effects on Urinary Calcium Excretion in Space
Authors: Thamer Semran , Stevanovic Mirjana , Buckey Jay
Published: November 2022

INTRODUCTION: Microgravity-induced bone loss increases urinary calcium excretion which increases kidney stone formation risk. Not all individuals show the same degree of increase in urinary calcium and some pre-flight characteristics may help identify individuals who may benefit from in-flight monitoring. In weightlessness the bone is unloaded, and the effect of this unloading may be greater for those who weigh more. We studied whether pre-flight body weight was associated with increased in-flight urinary calcium excretion using data from Skylab and the International Space Station (ISS). METHODS: A retrospective analysis of Skylab and ISS data was conducted. The study was reviewed and approved by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) electronic Institutional Review Board (eIRB) and data were sourced from the Longitudinal Study of Astronaut Health (LSAH) database. The effect of weight on urinary calcium excretion was examined using linear mixed effect models with day-in-flight, weight, and program (Skylab or ISS) as fixed effects and the subject’s responses over time as random effects. RESULTS: The combined Skylab and ISS data included 45 participants (9 Skylab, 36 ISS). Both weight and day in flight were positively related to urinary calcium excretion. There was also an interaction between weight and day in flight with higher weight associated with higher calcium excretion earlier in the mission. DISCUSSION: Several factors can affect urinary calcium excretion in space including baseline urinary calcium excretion, dietary intake, and genetic makeup. This study shows that pre-flight weight is also a factor and could be included in the risk assessments for bone loss and kidney stone formation in space.
A quantitative meta-analysis: Is organ on a chip cell cultures better than static cell cultures?
Authors: Dufva Martin
Published: November 2022

As many consider organ on a chip for better in vitro models, it is timely to extract quantitative data from the literature to compare responses of cells under flow in chips to corresponding static incubations. Of 2251 screened articles, 361 articles described flow for cell culture and 113 contained the correct static control. Analysis of 1386 ratios between biomarkers measured in cells under flow and static cultures, respectively, showed that flow resulted in quantitative advantages with statistical significance in cells from the blood vessels, intestine, tumours, and the liver. This correlates with the overrepresentation of these tissue types in the literature. The median improvements were about a two-fold for these tissues and less for others. Stronger improvements by flow were linked to specific cell types and biomarkers combinations. Only the calcium uptake in osteocytes, and the CYP3A4 activity and Muc2 mRNA levels in Caco2 cells were reproductible induced by flow in several independent articles. However, the degree of improvement differed between articles suggesting that chip architectures or type of static control has an effect. The analysis shows that cells under flow mostly are similar to static cultures and that advantages are linked to specific biomarker and cell type combinations.
Q.Clear Reconstruction for Reducing the Scanning Time for 68Gallium-DOTA-FAPI-04 PET/MR Imaging
Authors: Ruan Weiwei , Qin Chunxia , Liu Fang , Pi Rundong , Gai Yongkang , Liu Qingyao , Lan Xiaoli
Published: November 2022

Purpose: To determine whether Q.Clear positron emission tomography (PET) reconstruction may reduce tracer injection dose or shorten scanning time in 68Ga fibroblast activation protein inhibitor (FAPI) PET/magnetic resonance (MR) imaging.
Methods: We retrospectively collected cases of 68Ga-FAPI whole-body imaging performed on integrated PET/MR. PET images were reconstructed using three different methods: Ordered Subset Expectation Maximization (OSEM) reconstruction with full scanning time, OSEM reconstruction with half scanning time, and Q.Clear reconstruction with half scanning time. We then measured standardized uptake values (SUVs) within and around lesions, alongside their volumes. We also evaluated image quality using lesion-to-background (L/B) ratio and signal to noise ratio (SNR). We then compared these metrics across the three reconstruction techniques using statistical methods.
Results: Q.Clear reconstruction significantly increased SUVmax and SUVmean within lesions (by almost 40%) and reduced their volumes in comparison with OSEM reconstruction. Background SUVmax also increased significantly, while background SUVmean showed no difference. Average L/B values for Q.Clear reconstruction were only marginally higher than those from OSME reconstruction with half-time (full-time). SNR decreased significantly in Q.Clear reconstruction compared with OSEM reconstruction with full time (but not half time). Differences between Q.Clear and OSEM reconstructions in SUVmax and SUVmean values within lesions were significantly correlated with SUVs within lesions.
Conclusions: Q.Clear reconstruction was useful for reducing PET injection dose or scanning time while maintaining the image quality. Q.Clear may affect PET quantification and it is necessary to establish diagnostic recommendations based on Q.Clear results for Q.Clear application.
Cognitive control and Mood in relation to Psychological Resilience: An Ecological Momentary Assessment Study
Authors: Nahum Mor , Sinvani Rachel-Tzofia , Afek Anat , Avraham Rina Ben , Jordan Joshua T. , Yehuda Ariel Ben , Cohen Noa Berezin , Davidov Alex , Gilboa Yafit
Published: November 2022

Psychological resilience - the ability to adapt to adversity - is associated with intact inhibitory control (IC) mechanisms, which support goal-directed behavior. To date, no study has examined the daily fluctuations of IC performance in relation to resilience. The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between IC and mood in young adults in a stressful situation in relation to psychological resilience. A baseline resilience test was conducted on 156 female and male soldiers during their basic combat training. Afterward, participants completed a 2-week ecological momentary assessment protocol, which included reporting their momentary moods and completing an IC assessment twice/day. A hierarchical linear modeling (HLM) analysis revealed that psychological resilience moderated the relationship between momentary IC and momentary mood, with better IC only being associated with better mood for those with higher, but not lower, baseline psychological resilience. This association was present only for female, but not for male participants. The study demonstrates that psychological resilience manifests itself in the everyday association between IC and mood. Additionally, these results contribute to our understanding of resilient behavior in the real world by supporting cognitive models of resilience. Trial Registration: MOH_2018-0-13_002451
Synthesis, structure, hirshfeld surface analysis, non-covalent interaction, and in silico studies of 4-hydroxy-1-[(4-nitrophenyl)sulphonyl]pyrrolidine-2-carboxyllic acid
Authors: Ugwu David Izuchukwu , Eze Florence Uchenna , Ezeorah Chigozie Julius , Rhyman Lydia , Ramasami Ponnadurai , Tania Groutso , Eze Cosmas Chinweike , Uzoewulu Chiamaka Peace , Ogboo Blessing Chinweotito , Okpareke Obinna Chibueze
Published: November 2022

The new compound 4-hydroxy-1-[(4-nitrophenyl)sulphonyl]pyrrolidine-2-carboxyllic acid was obtained by the reaction of 4-hydroxyproline with 4-nitrobenzenesulphonyl chloride. The compound was characterized using X-ray diffraction studies. Spectroscopic methods including NMR, FTIR, ES-MS, and UV were employed for further structural analysis of the synthesized compound. The title compound was found to have crystallized in an orthorhombic crystal system with space group P212121. The S1-N1 bond length of 1.628 (2) Å was a strong indication of the formation of the title compound. The absence of characteristic downfield 1H NMR peak of pyrrolidine ring and the presence of S-N stretching vibration at 857.82 cm− 1 on the FTIR are strong indications for the formation of the sulfonamide. The experimental study was complemented with computations at the B3LYP/6-311G++(d,p) level of theory to gain more understanding of interactions in the compound at the molecular level. Noncovalent interaction, Hirsfeld surface analysis and interaction energy calculations were employed in the analysis of the supramolecular architecture of the compound. Predicted ADMET parameters, awarded suitable bioavailability credentials, while the molecular docking study indicated that the compound enchants promising inhibition prospects against dihydropteroate synthase, DNA topoisomerase, and SARS-CoV-2 spike.