bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Inclusive Physical Education of Students with Disabilities Due to War Injuries: Restoration of the Functions of the Lower Extremities
Authors: Blavt Oksana , Herasymenko Oleksandr
Published: May 2024

Background. The relevance of the study is because the institutions of higher education are now tasked with creating all the conditions for the recovery of body functions lost as a result of injuries of students with disabilities, which additionally actualizes the stated problem in connection with the long-term hostilities on the territory of Ukraine.
Objectives. The purpose of the article is to reveal the effectiveness of the developed program of inclusive PE on the recovery of lost functions due to injuries of the lower limbs in students with disabilities.
Materials and methods. To solve the tasks, a complex of scientific intelligence methods was used at the empirical and theoretical level: literature analysis, observation, testing, experiment, and methods of mathematical statistics. The test program consisted of the star excursion balance, weight–bearing lunge test, and the single leg stance test. 24 male students with disabilities in the first year of study at a higher education institution took part in the experiment.
Results. According to the qualitative assessment of the obtained results, it can be stated that after the end of the experiment, there is a general tendency to increase the results of the test tasks. A significant improvement of the indicators was found in all the investigated parameters without exception: as a positive trend in the range of 15% is observed. The results of the static and dynamic tests performed with support on the injured leg were significantly lower than with support on the uninjured leg (p <0.05).
Conclusions. The results of the final testing allow us to ascertain the effectiveness of the implemented program. Statistically reliable positive dynamics of the set of investigated indicators proved that the implementation of the developed inclusive PE program for students with disabilities due to injuries of the lower extremities ensures the effectiveness of recovery due to functional injuries.
Growth Mindset Training for Teacher: Method of Changing the Teacher's Mindset
Authors: Herdian Herdian , Septiningsih Dyah Siti , Wahidah Fatin Rohmah Nur , Aziez Feisal
Published: May 2024

Background. The academic success of students in schools is significantly shaped by their mental attitudes, especially when they face challenging situations that demand substantial effort and resilience. The influence of teachers' attitudes, or mindsets, plays a crucial role within the educational environment, as these directly impact students' own mindsets and subsequently their approach to learning. Specifically, the concept of a 'growth mindset' – which is the belief that one's abilities and intelligence can be developed through dedication and perseverance – has been shown to transform how individuals perceive their capabilities and respond to failures.
Objectives. In light of this, a specific study was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of 'Growth Mindset Training' targeted at teachers. This training aimed to cultivate a growth mindset among educators, hypothesizing that a shift in teacher attitudes would, in turn, positively affect their students.
Materials and methods. To assess the impact of the training, researchers utilized a growth mindset scale to measure the mindsets of 19 participating teachers, comprising 11 women and 8 men, both before and after they underwent the training program.
Results. The findings from this study were quantitatively robust, with a T-statistic of -3.529 and a significance level of less than .005, indicating a statistically significant improvement in the teachers' growth mindsets post-training. Additionally, the analysis of mean scores from the pretest and posttest further confirmed an upward trend, suggesting that the mindset of the teachers had indeed shifted towards a more growth-oriented perspective.
Conclusions. Thus, Growth Mindset Training emerged as a potent intervention tool, not merely altering teachers' perceptions but potentially setting a foundation for enhancing the overall educational experience by fostering a culture of perseverance and continuous improvement in schools.
Mathematical Modeling and its Stability Analysis of an SEIR Model to Control Dengue by Segregating the Infective: An Approach for Efficient Resource Allocation
Authors:   Department of Mathematics, Bishop Heber College (Autonomous), Affiliated to Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, 620 017, Tamil Nadu, India, Yagan A Joshua Cyril , Jasmine D
Published: May 2024

Objectives: Many research deals study on modeling the spread of dengue virus disease. The study dealing mathematical model to influence the concept of segregating infective is very important as it makes an organised practice of treatment which enlightens civilization. This article focuses on the same and frames a model with a proper analysis. Methods: BhirkoffRhota theorem helps in proving the boundedness of the model. By using the Next-Generation matrix the expression for Reproduction number is determined. The Routh-Hurwitz stability criterion is used to reveal the Local Stability of the proposed model. The aid of Lyapunov-LaSalle's principle proves the Global Stability. Findings: The proposed model is found to be positive and also bounded. Moreover, the equilibrium points exists and stable locally and globally. The numerical simulation shows that at the disease-free equilibrium and at the endemic equilibrium proving the stability of the model numerically. The comparative analysis of the model results in revealing the fact that the proposed model controls the infective better than the usual model. Novelty: The article differs from the usual model by incorporating the idea of categorizing the infected population into 3 phase namely febrile, critical and convalescent concluding that the use of proposed model helps in effective treatment and in efficient management of hospital resources in a systematic way. Keywords: Epidemic, Treatment Class, SEIR model, Jacobian matrix, Sensitivity index
Development of Improved Low-leakage Current H6 Single-Phase Full-Bridge Inverter Topology
Authors:   Research Scholar, Electrical Engineering Department, University College of Engineering, Osmania University, Telangana, India, Begum Sayyad Rajiya , Upendar Jalla
Published: May 2024

Objective: To minimize leakage current in non-isolated photovoltaic grid connected inverters. Methods: The circuit design integrates extra switches and modifies the switch drive signals at the midpoint of the DC bus voltage, altering the common-mode current path. Findings: The proposed topology exhibits significant potential for widespread adoption, finding practical applications in diverse industrial settings as well as in residential use. Novelty: The suggested method implies that the topology presents distinctive or beneficial characteristics in contrast to current solutions, rendering it especially promising for a range of industrial and residential applications. This novelty may arise from enhancements in efficiency, cost-effectiveness, scalability, versatility, or other favorable attributes that distinguish it from traditional approaches. Moreover, Simulation outcomes distinctly demonstrate a noteworthy decrease in leakage current within the refined topology when contrasted with both the H5 topology and the High Efficient and Reliable Inverter Concept (HERIC) topology. This compelling evidence affirms the effectiveness of the proposed configuration in proficiently mitigating leakage current. Keywords: Photovoltaic, Common Mode Voltage, Leakage Current, Grid Connected Inverter
Solubility Enhancement of Efinaconazole using Neem Gum and Evaluation of Antifungal Activity
Authors:   M.Pharm. Student, Department of Pharmaceutics, G. Pulla Reddy College of Pharmacy, Mehdipatnam, Hyderabad, 500028, Telangana, India, Vaishnavi Bandari , Reddy G Tarun , Bansal Akash , Likitha Deva , Charagondla Deeksha , Prasanthi D
Published: May 2024

Objectives: Efinaconazole is an anti-fungal drug of BCS class II used for treating Onchomycosis. Neem gum known for its antifungal properties was purified and used as hydrophilic carrier. Solid dispersions by physical mixture and solvent evaporation method were prepared using purified Neem gum. Methods: The prepared solid dispersions in ratios 1:1, 1:3 and 1:6 were characterized for percentage yield, assay, solubility, and dissolution studies. The optimized solid dispersion SD6 was formulated as gel for ease of application. Gels were characterized for physico-chemical properties and in-vitro diffusion studies. The optimized gel was evaluated for anti-fungal activity. Findings: FTIR, DSC and XRD studies of optimized SD6 showed compatibility and amorphous nature respectively. G2 gel formulation containing SD6 solid dispersion showed 80.4±0.14% when compared to G1 56.76±0.34% release in 8hrs. Both the gels followed zero order and Higuchi release. Antifungal studies indicated more efficiency of G2 gel by zone of inhibition when compared with G1 containing only drug. G2 gel was found to be stable for one month. Novelty : In the present research work purified neem gum, which is natural carrier and neem known for its antifungal activity was used to enhance the solubility of drug and evaluate the antifungal activity of drug with purified neem gum. Conclusion: Hence it can be concluded, purified Neem gum can be used as hydrophilic carrier and as solubility of Efinaconazole was enhanced its antifungal activity was also increased. Keywords: Onchomycosis, Efinaconazole, Neem gum, Solid dispersions, Antifungal
Instinctive Detection of Accident Occurrence using Numerous Machine Learning Techniques with Comparative Study
Authors:   PG and Research Department of Computer Science, Periyar Government Arts College, Cuddalore, 607001, Tamil Nadu, India, Rajamanogaran M , Karthikeyan G
Published: May 2024

Objectives: The research work aims to develop an automated detection system that uses video captures to identify roadside accidents or significant events. By alerting nearby hospitals and emergency services, the system reduces response times and potentially saves lives. The system’s integration with existing emergency response systems ensures prompt assistance to those in need. Methods: The video processing pipeline begins by converting video files into frames for analysis and feature extraction. These features serve as inputs for classification algorithms such as Random Forest, SVM, and KNN. The model’s performance is evaluated using a training set and unseen test data, with the predicted classifications compared against the ground truth labels. Findings: Among the tested classification algorithms, the Random Forest algorithm achieved the highest accuracy. Using 128 frames for analysis provided more comprehensive information, yielding a 96% accuracy rate. This combination proves to be a powerful tool in classification tasks, providing reliable and accurate outputs. Novelty: Machine learning algorithms are instrumental in automating accident detection from video captures. They analyse video footage to identify accidents and promptly alert relevant authorities. This technology can also dispatch emergency messages to nearby hospitals, ensuring quick assistance. The consideration of different frame counts in classification improves accuracy by capturing critical moments and patterns. Machine learning algorithms applied in this work significantly enhance emergency response, reduce response times, and potentially save lives. Keywords: ­ Emergency Services, Accidents, Feature Extraction, Random Forest, SVM, KNN
COVID-19 Chest X-Ray Case Detection with Ensemble Deep-Learning
Authors:   Lecturer in Computer Science, SCIM Government College(A), Tanuku, West Godavari, AP, India, Kumar R Ashok , Akthar Shaheda
Published: May 2024

Objectives: The objective of this research is to enhance accuracy on the COVID-19 case identification using X-ray imagery by addressing the drawbacks of utilising a single deep learning model, such as overfitting, high variance, and generalisation errors, by generating predictions with numerous frameworks as opposed to one model. Methods: In this study, secondary data sets from a group of experts from Qatar University in Doha, Qatar, and the University of Dhaka in Bangladesh, together with partners from Pakistan and Malaysia, have produced a dataset of 21,135 CXR pictures for COVID-19 patients, as well as pictures of normal and viral pneumonia. The performance of proposed strategy is, EnDL-COVID-19 is compared with three parameters Accuracy, Sensitivity, PPV Assessment. Findings: ENDL-COVID-19 gives good results for COVID-19, instances identification with a performance of 95%, higher than COVID-Net at 93.3%, are according to research observations ENDL-COVID-19 outperformed by a significant margin in a series of experiments using QU&UD test data consisting of 1592 CXR images. It was able to achieve a sensitivity of 96% and a PPV of 94.1% in determining whether or not COVID-19 occurrences were present. Novelty: The proposed weighted averaging ensemble technique, which is aware of the various sensitivities of deep-learning frameworks on various category types, is used to combine multiple snapshot frameworks of COVIDNet, which made a breakthrough in an open sourced COVID-19 case identification approach using chest X-ray pictures analyzed by deep neural networks. Keywords: COVID-19, Ensembling Learning, Deep-Learning, EnDL-COVID-19, X-Ray Pictures
An Evaluation of Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory Model for Estimating Monthly Rainfall in India
Authors:   PhD Scholar, Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Mizoram University, Aizawl, Mizoram, India, Zoremsanga Chawngthu , Hussain Jamal
Published: May 2024

Objectives: Predicting the amount of rainfall is difficult due to its complexity and non-linearity. The objective of this study is to predict the average rainfall one month ahead using the all-India monthly average rainfall dataset from 1871 to 2016. Methods: This study proposed a Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) model to predict the average monthly rainfall in India. The parameters of the models are determined using the grid search method. This study utilized the average monthly rainfall as an input, and the dataset consists of 1752 months of rainfall data prepared from thirty (30) meteorological sub-divisions in India. The model was compiled using the Mean Square Error (MSE) loss function and Adam optimizer. The models' performances were evaluated using statistical metrics such as Mean Absolute Error (MAE) and Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE). Findings: This study discovered that the proposed Bidirectional LSTM model achieved an RMSE of 240.79 and outperformed an existing Recurrent Neural Network (RNN), Vanilla LSTM and Stacked LSTM by 8%, 4% and 2% respectively. The study also finds that increasing the input time step and increasing the number of cells in the hidden layer enhanced the prediction performance of the proposed model, and the Bidirectional LSTM converges at a lower epoch compared to RNN and LSTM models. Novelty: This study applied the Bidirectional LSTM for the first time in predicting all-India monthly average rainfall and provides a new benchmark for this dataset. Keywords: Deep Learning, LSTM, Rainfall prediction, Stacked LSTM, Bidirectional LSTM
Enhancing Stock Market Prediction: A Hybrid RNN-LSTM Framework with Sentiment Analysis
Authors:   Research Scholar, Department of Computer Engineering, K K Wagh Institute of Engineering Education and Research, Nashik, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, Maharashtra, India, Kasture Pranjali , Shirsath Kamini
Published: May 2024

Objectives: Predicting stock prices with accuracy is a difficult but crucial endeavor for market participants. To increase the precision of stock market forecasts, this study suggests a novel method that blends sophisticated neural network algorithms with sentiment assessment. Methods: News data is pre-processed. Each text document received a sentiment score reflecting overall sentiment. These scores were integrated into the feature set, combining textual sentiment information with historical stock price data from BSE Sensex. The proposed model of hybrid RNN-LSTM is applied and compared with the Random Forest Regressor (RFR), and Support Vector Regressor (SVR). The LSTM model is also applied and tested on data without sentiment analysis scores. Findings: The proposed model yields promising results in stock market prediction accuracy. It significantly gives a low value for mean absolute error (0.036), mean squared error (0.021), and root mean square error (0.046) when compared with the SVR and RFR models. The R2 value is also compared with literature methods, and it shows a 0.40% to 5.5% enhancement in the scores. The results prove that the incorporation of sentiment analysis enriches the predictive capabilities of the model. Novelty: Sentiment analysis combined with the hybrid RNN-LSTM framework provides a new technique to increase the accuracy of stock market forecasts. Using sophisticated knowledge of market dynamics and sentiments, the proposed approach gives important results to market participants, investors, and analysts of financial markets. Keywords: Stock Market, Sentiment Analysis, Evaluation Metric, Prediction
Effect of Horizontal Distance of Web Opening on the Ultimate Load Carrying Capacity of Castellated Steel Beams by an Analytical Approach
Authors:   Assistant Professor, Civil Engineering Departments, Amrutvahini College of Engineering, Sangamner, SPPU Pune, Maharashtra, India, Mehetre Amol J , Kandekar Sachin B , Mate Nilesh U
Published: May 2024

Objectives: The primary objective of this current research is to determine the ideal horizontal spacing for hexagonal web openings and their maximum load-bearing capacity through Finite Element Analysis (FEA). Methods: The ISMB150 was implemented as a cross-sectional profile to fabricate distinct models of castellated beams with heights of 225 mm. The height of the web openings remained constant at 150 mm for the castellated beam model. The entire analysis is being done on ANSYS 19.2. Findings: The analysis has revealed that, for castellated beams with shallower depths, an optimal horizontal spacing of 44.9 mm for the web openings yields an ultimate load-bearing capacity of 144.26 KN. The results of castellated beams are measured in terms of ultimate load-carrying capacity, span-to-deflection ratio, load density, failure location, span-to-beam depth ratio, and the ratio of horizontal distance of opening-to-opening depth. Novelty: This research contributes analytical findings for the ideal horizontal distance of hexagonal web opening through maximum load-bearing capacity. Castellated beams have gained immense popularity within the structural engineering community today due to their visually appealing design featuring a variety of web-opening shapes. The primary objective of this current research is to determine the ideal horizontal spacing for hexagonal web openings and their maximum load-bearing capacity through Finite Element Analysis (FEA). The ISMB150 was implemented as a cross-sectional profile to fabricate distinct models of castellated beams with heights of 225 mm. The height of the web openings remained constant at 150 mm for the castellated beam model. The analysis has revealed that, for castellated beams with shallower depths, an optimal horizontal spacing of 44.9 mm for the web openings yields an ultimate load-bearing capacity of 144.26 KN. The results of castellated beams are measured in terms of ultimate load-carrying capacity, span-to-deflection ratio, load density, failure location, span-to-beam depth ratio, and the ratio of horizontal distance of opening-to-opening depth. This research contributes valuable insights into optimizing the design of castellated beams for enhanced structural performance. Further exploration and validation could provide additional refinements and applications in structural engineering. Keywords: Horizontal distance of web opening, Number of openings, Ultimate load carrying capacity, Failure modes, ANSYS, Castellated beams
Mango Tree Dataset for Yield Estimation: Some Exploratory Analysis
Authors:   Assistant Professor, Department of Computer Science & Engineering-Data Science, ATME College of Engineering (Affiliated to VTU, Belagavi), Mysuru, Karnataka, India, Neethi M V , Raviraj P
Published: May 2024

Objectives: Employing computer vision methods for yield estimation requires standard datasets. However, unavailability of such a dataset in the literature limits the researchers from evaluating and comparing the performance of their proposed algorithms. In this paper, a benchmark of mango tree dataset is introduced. Methods: The dataset is gathered over a 5-month period, starting from the fruit's blossoming stage and ending with its ripening stage. There are 21,000 photos of 4 distinct mango tree varieties in the dataset. From each cultivar, images are captured with different views, distances, and daylight conditions. Further, preprocessing, and exploratory analysis of the dataset are carried out by extracting a few global features such as colors, textures, and histograms for intra-class and inter-class mango trees. Findings: The analysis of the collected dataset with different color layers by extracting a few global features and classification of the cultivars of mango trees and, based on the results obtained, the optimal layer of color is attained for the further yield estimation process. Novelty: Exploratory analysis of a novel temporal mango crop dataset is executed, and a color analysis classification method is proposed to aid in the early estimation of mango fruit crop yields. Keywords: Mango Fruit, Yield Estimation, Temporal Dataset, Feature Extraction, Tree Classification
Independence Number of Order Prime Graph
Authors:   Research Scholar (Reg.No:19221172092023), Department of Mathematics, Rani Anna Government College for Women (Affiliated to Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Tirunelveli-627012), Tirunelveli, 627 008, Tamil Nadu, India, Muthulakshmi R M , Premalatha D , Lalitha N
Published: May 2024

Objective: To explore the algebraic structures inherent in groups and their relationship to graph theory, particularly focusing on the process of converting a group into a graph. Method: Let be a group. The Order Prime Graph of is a graph with and two distinct vertices and are adjacent in if and only if In this paper, we characterize the structure of order prime graphs of some groups and also we find the independence number and clique number of the order prime graph. Finding: In the present article, we characterized the structure of order prime graphs of some groups and also we found the independence number and clique number of the order prime graph. Novelty: Introducing innovative methods for converting groups into graphs, departing from existing approaches, could be a key novelty. This might involve novel ways of encoding group elements as vertices and group operations as edges, potentially leveraging insights from other mathematical fields or computational techniques. Keywords: Order Prime graph, Finite group, Clique number, Independence number, Prime number
Runge-Kutta Method Based on the Linear Combination of Arithmetic Mean, Geometric Mean, and Centroidal Mean: A Numerical Solution for the Hybrid Fuzzy Differential Equation
Authors:   Assistant Professor, PG and Research Department of Mathematics, Bishop Heber College, (Affiliated to Bharathidasan University), Tiruchirappalli-17, Tamil Nadu, India, Rajakumari P Evangelin Diana , Sharmila R Gethsi
Published: May 2024

Objectives: To find the absolute error of the Hybrid fuzzy differential equation with triangular fuzzy number since its membership function has a triangular form. Methods: The third order runge-kuttta method based on the linear combination of Arithmetic mean, Geometric mean and Centroidal mean is introduced to solve Hybrid fuzzy differential equation. Seikkala’s derivatives are considered, and Numerical example is given to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method. Findings: The comparative study have been done between the proposed method and the existing third order runge-kutta method based on Arithmetic mean. The proposed method gives better error tolerance than the third order runge-kutta method based on Arithmetic mean. Novelty: In this study a new formula has been developed by combining three means Arithmetic Mean, Geometric Mean and Centroidal Mean using Khattri’s formula and it is solved by the third order runge-kutta method for the first order hybrid fuzzy differential equation. The error tolerance has been calculated for the proposed method and the Arithmetic mean and it is seen that the error tolerance is better for the proposed method. Keywords: Hybrid fuzzy differential equations, Triangular fuzzy number, Seikkala’s derivative, Third order runge-kutta method, Initial value problem
Changes in patient recruitment parameters and their derivatives under the influence of external factors – population size and density of residence in a certain area
Authors: Milovanov S. S.
Published: May 2024

Background. The lack of targeted patient recruitment for clinical trials reaches 90%, which leads to failures of a trial as a whole and insufficient access to the necessary treatment or diagnostic method for patients. To find out the reasons for recruitment failures, many factors are considered, the action of which is difficult to assess due to high variability. In general, various factors are named that reduce patient recruitment, while factors that improve it are much less known.

Objective: to investigate changes in the parameters and indicators of patient recruitment for clinical trials depending on the influence of external factors.

Material and methods. A retrospective analysis of four international multicenter clinical trials of phases II–III was performed by 16 patient recruitment parameters and their 6 derivatives (indicators) – both widely used in the literature and newly proposed. A total of 622 patients from 70 clinical centers located in 59 cities of Russia, Ukraine, and Belarus were included in the study. The methods of descriptive statistics and typing were used. To study the influence of factors, internal and external factors were selected, external factors including population size, area and density of residence were analysed, and changes in parameters and indicators depending on the influence of each factor were examined. The area and population density were studied in inseparable connection with each other.

Results. A simple classification of factors was proposed – external and internal to the clinical center where patients were recruited. The factors classified as external were analyzed depending on the change in the proposed parameters of patient recruitment for clinical trials and their relationships – indicators (derivatives). The final rate of patient recruitment and the final number of patients recruited in the population group of 1–2 million people had statistically significant (p<0.05) higher values (0.57±0.20 and 15.08±5.06, respectively) than in group with up to 1 million people – 0.14±0.05 and 3.75±1.24.

Conclusion. For the first time, an extended panel of parameters and indicators that allow evaluating the influence of various factors on patient recruitment for clinical trials was proposed. The value of the proportion of parameters and indicators that had statistical differences among themselves in the group influenced by the population size factor was more than twice as large as the proportion of similar parameters and indicators in the group influenced by area and population density: 47% and 23%, respectively, which may indicate more strong influence of the first factor.
Assessing the awareness of doctors of various specialties in the treatment of osteoporosis
Authors: Alekseeva V. A. , Krikova A. V. , Filatova Т. Yu. , Dmitrieva E. V. , Ovsyankin A. V. , Kuzminova E. S.
Published: May 2024

Objective: to assess the degree of doctors’ awareness on the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of patients with osteoporosis.

Material and methods. The study was conducted using the Yandex Forms service through an original anonymous questionnaire comprising 16 questions concerning personal characteristics (specialty, work experience, category, and academic degree), as well as the degree of awareness in the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of osteoporosis. The questions about the treatment of the disease were compiled based on Russian and foreign clinical guidelines.

Results. Knowledge of the causes and symptoms of osteoporosis was relatively high, but further findings from the survey on prevention, diagnosis and treatment revealed a lack of awareness among physicians in this area. Only 13.7% of respondents identified the potential use of the promising FRAX tool in osteoporosis diagnosing, and only 25% correctly selected first-line medications for treating the disease.

Conclusion. The study revealed that doctors lack sufficient knowledge regarding the prevention, diagnosis, and drug therapy for osteoporosis. In our view, this finding underscores the need for a more comprehensive approach to this issue within the context of continuing medical education. The therapy effectiveness and patients’ complience directly depend on the communication between physicians and pharmacists. Therefore, it becomes essential to consider enhancing their collaboration in osteoporosis prevention and management.
Культурно-ценностный потенциал студенческой молодежи как фактор отказа или принятия девиантных и (или) маргинальных стратегий жизненного развития
Authors: Лапшин Василий Андреевич
Published: May 2024

В статье представлены результаты изучения феномена культурно-ценностного потенциала студенческой молодежи как ориентационного комплекса внутри системы человеческого потенциала. Делается предположение о том, что принятие или отторжение маргинальных и (или) девиантных моделей поведения может служить признаком сформированности социальной субъектности.

Приводятся материалы исследования, проведенного студентами методом фокус-групп, демонстрирующего отношение молодежи к девиантным и маргинальным группам. Рассматривается проведенное студентами-исследователями сопоставление «гуманности» в оценке социальных проблем респондентов-людей и нейронных сетей.
Детский литературно-художественный журнал «Мурзилка» как феномен отечественной культуры (к 100-летию создания «Мурзилки»)
Authors: Коханая Ольга Евгеньевна
Published: May 2024

Автором выделены основные этапы становления, развития и функционирования журнала «Мурзилка» как феномена отечественной детской периодики на протяжении ста лет в тесной его взаимосвязи с развитием детско-юношеских общественных движений в России.

Автор определил момент зарождения идеи журнала с появлением в 1887 г. в отечественной детской периодике сказочного персонажа Мурзилка. Рассмотрено воздействие идей и концепции, модели функционирования скаутского движения до Октябрьской революции на становление системы информационного сопровождения посредством детской литературы и периодики пионерской организации В. И. Ленина в советский период, появление журнала «Мурзилка» в мае 1924 г. Выявлены основные функциональные потребности в воспитании советских детей от 6 до 12 лет: патриотическое воспитание и ценностное становление творческой, активной жизненной позиции юных читателей во имя построения социализма, победы нашей страны в Великой Отечественной войне.

Следом за 30-летием «золотого века» журнала «Мурзилка» с его самыми большими тиражами в мире с развалом СССР в 1991 г. выделен постсоветский период существования и «выживания» журнала «Мурзилка» и, наконец, новейший этап функционирования (2000-е гг. — по настоящее время). В XXI в. кроме традиционных печатных изданий определился переход на электронные носители и интернет-версии. В современной отечественной детской журналистике журнал «Мурзилка» исполняет воспитательные, познавательные, ценностные, эстетические, коммуникативные функции. Сделан вывод, что при недостаточном количестве качественных по наполнению детских периодических изданий особое внимание и поддержку государство должно уделять отечественным периодическим изданиям, имеющим традиции по приобщению детей к культуре.
Действительно ли ненасилие является особой силой: опыт эмпирического исследования взаимосвязи жизнестойкости с ненасилием у студентов
Authors: Маралов Владимир Георгиевич , Ситаров Вячеслав Алексеевич
Published: May 2024

Работа посвящена доказательству гипотезы о том, что жизнестойкость является одной из важнейших характеристик ненасилия как особой силы. В исследовании приняли участи 147 студентов Московского городского педагогического университета и Череповецкого государственного университета в возрасте от 17 до 24 лет, средний возраст — 18,5 лет. Изучалась взаимосвязь жизнестойкости с выбором студентами в процессе взаимодействия позиций принуждения, манипулирования, ненасилия и невмешательства. В качестве инструментария использовались опросник на выявление жизнестойкости в адаптации М. В. Алфимовой и В. Е. Голимбет и авторский опросник на выявление позиций взаимодействия у студентов. Обработка результатов осуществлялась с помощью методов корреляционного анализа, использовался линейный коэффициент корреляции Пирсона. В результате было установлено, что позиция ненасилия положительно связана с жизнестойкостью в целом и с такими ее компонентами, как вовлеченность и контроль. Позиции принуждения и манипулирования отрицательно связаны с общим индексом жизнестойкости, а также с вовлеченностью и контролем. Позиция невмешательства, кроме вовлеченности и контроля, обнаружила сильную отрицательную связь с принятием риска. В результате делается вывод о том, что жизнестойкость является важнейшей характеристикой ненасилия как особой силы. Целенаправленное формирование жизнестойкости будет создавать благоприятные предпосылки для развития у студентов способности к ненасильственному взаимодействию.
Социальный дуализм культуры в периметре глобализации
Authors: Киричёк Петр Николаевич
Published: May 2024

В статье рассматриваются причинно-следственные моменты вхождения культуры как универсального процесса и результата креативной деятельности человека в зону неклассической амбивалентности. В такой ситуации в реформирующемся обществе, изменяющем традиционные условия труда, быта, досуга граждан, фиксируются не только признаки социокультурного прогресса, но и симптомы аналогичного регресса. Последние объясняются появлением в арсенале современной культуры, наряду с имманентными для нее позитивными  интенциями в адрес природы, личности и социальной среды, их антиподов — негативных интенций. Их проявление обусловливается масштабными издержками процесса глобализации мира, когда попадающая в плен глобалистов культура, утрачивающая социально-сущностный монизм, претерпевает двузначную функциональную метаморфозу — к ее структуросозидающей силе добавляется и структуроразрушающая сила.

Искусственно привитый культуре социальный дуализм расширяет и углубляет феномен цивилизационного противостояния, который обретает характер холодной и горячей «войны миров» с экспансией странами — лидерами процесса глобализации своего образа жизни в повседневность стран-аутсайдеров. Эта агрессивная тенденция способствует применению в политике, экономике, культуре субъектов «догоняющей цивилизации» заемных образцов управления, образования, воспитания и приводит, как правило, к отрицательным результатам. Во избежание подобных рисков рекомендуется установление в российском обществе такой системы управления трудом, бытом, досугом граждан, все элементы которой сверху донизу пронизываются почвенной (ментальной) культурой евразийского характера. Для определения признаков амбивалентности культурного процесса предлагаются два ценностных измерителя — позитивный и негативный аксиомаркеры.
У истоков проблемы равенства. Часть I
Authors: Канарш Григорий Юрьевич
Published: May 2024

В статье исследована эволюция идеи и политического принципа равенства от древнейших времен (эпоха палеолита) до европейского Средневековья. Показано, что равенство в его примитивных формах было присуще уже человеческим обществам эпохи палеолита; неолитические же государства на Древнем Востоке основывались на принципе иерархии. Идея и практика политического равенства возрождается только в эпоху Античности, в обществах Древней Греции и Рима. Но эти общества знали и вопиющее неравенство и эксплуатацию в том, что касается несвободного населения, составлявшего большинство полиса. В то же время политическая мысль Античности весьма неоднозначно воспринимала оправдание социального неравенства на основе идеи неравенства человеческой природы. В противоположность идеям Платона, Аристотеля и Цицерона, оправдывавших рабство, эгалитарные идеи, основанные на общности человеческой природы, высказывались многими софистами и стоиками. Европейское общество Средневековья также было иерархическим, но принцип равенства играл в нем важную роль прежде всего в среде внутрикорпоративных отношений. Благодаря этому идея статусного равенства, идущая из Средневековья, во многом легла в основу новоевропейского правового эгалитаризма.
Headache Management in Neurosurgical Postoperative Patients Article Sidebar
Authors: Martinez Claudia , Pohls Fernando , Sosa Erik , Pablos J. Ramon , Alvarez Manuel , Amador Juan
Published: May 2024

Introduction: Headache in neurosurgical patients is an important clinical problem that has been receiving an increasing amount of attention. However, only a few studies have described cases of headache following craniotomy, and even fewer have proposed pain management for this pathology. In contrast, general postoperative pain has been extensively studied, and there are thus many guidelines to treat such pain. Here we propose a regimen that includes the use of analgesics based on postoperative pain guidelines. Material and Methods: A randomized prospective study was performed on all neurosurgical patients who had underwent craniotomy at the National Institute of Neurology and Neurosurgery between September 2016 and September 2017. The subjects were subdivided into control and experimental groups. Each group comprised 50 patients. Analgesic management in the experimental group was based on multimodal analgesia. Results and Discussion: There was a significant difference in the Analogue Visual Scale scores between the control and experimental groups, both on the last hospitalization day (p = 0.000) and at the 6-month follow-up (p = 0.002). There was thus a significant amelioration of pain among patients in the experimental group when compared to those in the control group. Adequate preoperative and follow up pain management is of most importance for patient care and outcome.Our findings indicate that there was a decrease in pain following multimodal analgesia in post-craniotomy patients Conclusion: Based on the results obtained in this study and the previously reported evidence, we suggest that postoperative management of acute and persistent headache in patients who undergo craniotomy should comprise multimodal analgesia.
Cancer Research in sub-Saharan Africa: Progress in closing the gap
Authors: Mallum A , Barry F A , Tendwa M B , Joseph A O , Keno L , Graef K M , Kibudde S , Li H , Ajose A , Lugina E , Ngoma M T , Kisukari J D , Awusi K , Adeneye S O , Mkhize T , Alabi A , Hamamsi I El , Mseti M A , Studen A , Lehmann J , Swanson W , Wijesooriya K , Avery S , Huq M S , Incrocci L , Ngwa W , Ngoma T A
Published: May 2024

Cancer presents an escalating challenge in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), necessitating strategic interventions grounded in regionally relevant evidence-based medicine. Informed decision-making is critical to formulate effective strategies for cancer prevention, diagnosis, funding, and treatment within the SSA population. The aim of this study is to highlight ongoing clinical trials in SSA, emphasizing the continuous initiatives aimed at filling existing knowledge gaps. Further, the study seeks to assess whether SSA is progressing or stagnating in the global landscape of cancer research. A comprehensive review of research papers and online registries on clinical trials was executed, focusing on English-language journal articles retrieved from the PubMed database. Additionally, a quantitative, web-based, retrospective review was conducted on registered cancer studies in SSA over the past decade (2000-2023) from ClinicalTrials.gov and the Pan African Clinical Trials Registry (PACTR) databases. The review resulted in the inclusion of 71 articles from PubMed, alongside 104 and 140 clinical trials from ClinicalTrials.gov and PACTR databases, respectively. Aggregate findings from PubMed and clinical trial databases revealed that East Africa is the predominant contributor (37%) to cancer clinical trials, whereas Central Africa exhibited the lowest contribution (4%). Notably, PubMed indicated a predominant focus on cervical cancer in clinical trials. Between 2000 and 2015, less than 4% of global cancer clinical trials listed on ClinicalTrials.gov were performed in SSA; in subsequent years, there was an observable increase in the percentage of total trials performed in SSA. Analyses of funding sources revealed that 45% and 32% of clinical trials in SSA were supported by the United States and the United Kingdom, respectively. In the last two decades, the formation of entities like the African Consortium for Cancer Clinical Trials, spearheaded by BIO Ventures for Global Health in partnership with African ministries of health, cancer hospitals, private industry, research institutions, and global oncology experts, contributed to increasing the effective implementation of multicenter clinical trials in Africa. Noteworthy instances, such as the Burkitt's lymphoma and HypoAfrica studies, serve as examples of the results arising from these collaborative initiatives, reflecting substantial progress within SSA’s cancer research landscape.
A A retrospective observational study in assesment of role of sonography in adnexal masses and its histopathological correlation in tertiary care centre.
Authors: S Dr. Anitha , E Dr. Aishwarya , Rao Dr. Sushmitha , Ismath Dr. Fathima , G Suhitha
Published: May 2024

Background- Adnexal masses (masses of the ovary, fallopian tube, or surrounding tissues) commonly are encountered by obstetrician–gynaecologist and often present diagnostic and management dilemmas. Types of adnexal mass ranges from benign ovarian and non-ovarian to primary and secondary malignant ovarian masses. Although most adnexal masses are benign, the main goal of the diagnostic evaluation is to exclude malignancy. Transvaginal ultrasonography remains the gold standard for evaluation of adnexal masses. The management of the adnexal masses varies according to age at presentation, whether benign or malignant, acute emergency or chronic presentation. Aim- The study aimed to determine the causes of adnexal masses and correlation of ultrasonographic and histopathologic findings of the adnexal masses. Methods- This is a retrospective observational study, performed in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, in tertiary care hospital. Operative and demographic details of patients operated for adnexal masses over a period of one year was obtained from case records of patient. Results- Among 90 cases studied, 86.66%(78) cases of adnexal masses was of ovarian origin followed by 11.66%(7) was of tubal origin. Among 90 cases of adnexal masses, 91.11%(82) cases were benign , 4.44%(4) were of borderline and malignant. Most common ovarian cause of adnexal mass was endometriotic cyst(22.22%) followed by serous cyst adenoma(20%) The highest sensitivity was found for follicular cyst (87.5%) followed by dermoid and serous cyst adenoma (83.33%). Malignancy was found in 8 cases among which 6 were correctly reported by USG resulting in sensitivity of 75%. Conclusion- It was concluded from the current study findings that sonography was primary modality and best screening tool for evaluation of pelvic masses. Ultrasound has high sensitivity for correctly diagnosing benign versus malignant pelvic lesions. Sonography was observed to be best modality to differentiate between solid and cystic pelvic masses.
The Role of Dopamine D2 receptors and Oxidative Stress in the Pathogenesis of Hypertension
Authors: Zeng Chunyu , Yang Jian , Felder Robin , Armando Ines , Jose Pedro
Published: May 2024

Globally, hypertension is the number one risk factor for death, affecting more than 1 billion people. Hypertension is the result of the interactions among genetics, epigenetics, environment, and lifestyle. The long-term regulation of blood pressure rests on renal and non-renal mechanisms. The impaired renal sodium handling in hypertension is caused by aberrant counter-regulatory natriuretic/anti-natriuretic pathways. The sympathetic nervous and renin-angiotensin systems are anti-natriuretic pathways. A counter-regulatory natriuretic pathway is the renal dopaminergic system. Aberrant dopaminergic regulation of renal sodium transport in hypertension is caused by a decrease in renal dopamine synthesis and/or dysfunction of any of the 5 dopamine receptors (D1R, D2R, D3R, D4R, & D5R). Normally, an increase in sodium intake increases while a decrease in sodium intake decreases blood pressure, albeit transiently until sodium balance is achieved. However, ~50 % of hypertensive and ~26% of normotensive subjects have increased blood pressure on high sodium intake, a case of salt sensitivity, while ~20 % have increased blood pressure on a low sodium intake, a case of inverse salt sensitivity. Low and high sodium intakes are associated with increased incidence of cardiovascular events/mortality. In humans with inverse salt sensitivity, there is a linear relationship between the number of single nucleotide polymorphisms in DRD2 (rs6276 and 6277) and decreased renal D2R expression. The increase in blood pressure on a low sodium diet may be due to increased activities of the renin-angiotensin and sympathetic nervous systems that cannot be counteracted by D2R. Hypertension may be a cause or consequence of inflammation or oxidative stress. Deficient D2R function causes renal inflammation independently of the increase in blood pressure. Subjects carrying DRD2 single nucleotide polymorphisms have increased inflammation, mediated by decreased regulation of the miR-217-Wnt5a-Ror2 pathway. The D2R, via paraoxonase2 and sestrin2, maintains normal redox balance and blood pressure. In summary, the D2R is important in the maintenance of normal blood pressure by regulating renal sodium transport, vascular reactivity, inflammation, and redox balance.