bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Optimization of CO2Absorption Characteristic under the Influence of SO2in Flue Gas by Hollow Fiber Membrane Contactor
Authors: Qu Ziyi , Zhang Li , Yan Yunfei , Ju Shunxiang
Published: December 2016

Hollow fiber membrane contactor is a new, highly efficient, and the most promising technology for CO2absorption in flue gas. There is still SO2that exists in the flue gas after desulfurization tower of power plant. This paper studied the influence of SO2on CO2absorption characteristic in flue gas by hollow fiber membrane contactor with absorbent of EDA, EDA + MEA (0.6 : 0.4), and EDA + MEA + PZ (0.4 : 0.4 : 0.2). The influences of SO2concentration, cycle absorption and desorption characteristic of absorbent, absorbent concentration, and liquid-gas flow rate ratio are studied to analyze the influence of SO2on CO2absorption characteristic. The appropriate absorbent composition ratio and appropriate parameter range that can inhibit the influence of SO2are proposed by studying the hybrid sorbent with activating agent, appropriate absorbent concentration, and ratio of liquid-gas flow rate. Among the three kinds of absorbents, EDA + MEA + PZ (0.4 : 0.4 : 0.2) had the best tolerance ability to SO2and the highest efficiency. With comprehensive consideration of CO2removal efficiency and operating cost, under the condition of 1000 ppm SO2, the appropriate concentration and liquid-gas flow rate ratio of EDA, EDA + MEA, and EDA + MEA + PZ are proposed.
Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Ginsenoside Rg3 via NF-κB Pathway in A549 Cells and Human Asthmatic Lung Tissue
Authors: Lee In-Seung , Uh InJoon , Kim Ki-Suk , Kim Kang-Hoon , Park Jiyoung , Kim Yumi , Jung Ji-Hoon , Jung Hee-Jae , Jang Hyeung-Jin
Published: December 2016

Objective. There is limited information of the anti-inflammatory effects of Rg3 on inflamed lung cells and tissues. Therefore, we confirmed the anti-inflammatory mechanism of ginsenoside Rg3 in inflamed human airway epithelial cells (A549) and tissues whether Rg3 regulates nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) activity.Methods. To induce the inflammation, IL-1β(10 ng/ml) was treated to A549 cells for 4 h. The effects of Rg3 on NF-κB activity and COX-2 expression were evaluated by western blotting analysis in both IL-1β-induced inflamed A549 cell and human asthmatic airway epithelial tissues. Using multiplex cytokines assay, the secretion levels of NF-κB-mediated cytokines/chemokines were measured.Result. Rg3 showed the significant inhibition of NF-κB activity thereby reduced COX-2 expression was determined in both IL-1β-induced inflamed A549 cell and human asthmatic airway epithelial tissues. In addition, among NF-κB-mediated cytokines, the secretion levels of IL-4, TNF-α, and eotaxin were significantly decreased by Rg3 in asthma tissues. Even though there was no significant difference, IL-6, IL-9, and IL-13 secretion showed a lower tendency compared to saline-treated human asthmatic airway epithelial tissues.Conclusion. The results from this study demonstrate the potential of Rg3 as an anti-inflammatory agent through regulating NF-κB activity and reducing the secretion of NF-κB-mediated cytokines/chemokines.
A Case of Primary Combined Squamous Cell Carcinoma with Neuroendocrine (Atypical Carcinoid) Tumor in the Floor of the Mouth
Authors: Yamagata Kenji , Terada Kazuhiro , Uchida Fumihiko , Kanno Naomi , Hasegawa Shogo , Yanagawa Toru , Bukawa Hiroki
Published: December 2016

The combined squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) with neuroendocrine (atypical carcinoid (AC)) tumor is extremely rare in the head and neck. We present here the first case of SCC with AC arising in the floor of the mouth of 65-year-old man. The tumor is comprised of two components of SCC and AC in the biopsy specimen. Neuroendocrine tumor component was classified as AC from the punctate necrosis and 2–10>/10 HPF. Immunohistochemical staining was HMW-CK/34B (+) and P63 (+) in SCC and synaptophysin (+) and CD56 (+) in AC. The pathological diagnosis of SCC with AC was made from both the morphological and immunological exam. Concurrent chemoradiotherapy was performed with radiotherapy 70.2 Gy and chemotherapy of CDDP and VP-16. Although the treatment effect was complete response both of primary tumor and of neck metastases, the recurrence of the primary tumor was after 6 months. Bilateral modified radical neck dissection and tumor resection of the floor of the mouth with reconstructive surgery of anterior lateral thigh free flap were performed. Although the primary and neck tumor did not recur, the multiple lung metastases and mediastinum lymph node metastases occurred at 6 months after surgery.
The European Vulnerable Option Pricing with Jumps Based on a Mixed Model
Authors: Wang Chao , He Jianmin , Li Shouwei
Published: December 2016

In this paper, we combine the reduced-form model with the structural model to discuss the European vulnerable option pricing. We define that the default occurs when the default process jumps or the corporate goes bankrupt. Assuming that the underlying asset follows the jump-diffusion process and the default follows the Vasicek model, we can have the expression of European vulnerable option. Then we use the measure transformation and martingale method to derive the explicit solution of it.
Alice in Wonderland Syndrome: A Clinical and Pathophysiological Review
Authors: Mastria Giulio , Mancini Valentina , Viganò Alessandro , Di Piero Vittorio
Published: December 2016

Alice in Wonderland Syndrome (AIWS) is a perceptual disorder, principally involving visual and somesthetic integration, firstly reported by Todd, on the literary suggestion of the strange experiences described by Lewis Carroll in Alice in Wonderland books. Symptoms may comprise among others aschematia and dysmetropsia. This syndrome has many different etiologies; however EBV infection is the most common cause in children, while migraine affects more commonly adults. Many data support a strict relationship between migraine and AIWS, which could be considered in many patients as an aura or a migraine equivalent, particularly in children. Nevertheless, AIWS seems to have anatomical correlates. According to neuroimaging, temporoparietal-occipital carrefour (TPO-C) is a key region for developing many of AIWS symptoms. The final part of this review aims to find the relationship between AIWS symptoms, presenting a pathophysiological model. In brief, AIWS symptoms depend on an alteration of TPO-C where visual-spatial and somatosensory information are integrated. Alterations in these brain regions may cause the cooccurrence of dysmetropsia and disorders of body schema. In our opinion, the association of other symptoms reported in literature could vary depending on different etiologies and the lack of clear diagnostic criteria.
Neural Network Underlying Recovery from Disowned Bodily States Induced by the Rubber Hand Illusion
Authors: Lee In-Seon , Chae Younbyoung
Published: December 2016

We used functional magnetic resonance imaging to investigate how causal influences between brain regions during the rubber hand illusion (RHI) are modulated by tactile and visual stimuli. We applied needle rotations during the RHI in two different ways: one was with the real hand (reinstantiation by tactile stimuli, R-TS) and the other was with the rubber hand (reinstantiation by visual stimuli, R-VS). We used dynamic causal modeling to investigate interactions among four relevant brain regions: the ventral premotor cortex (PMv), the intraparietal sulcus (IPS), the secondary somatosensory cortex (SII), and the lateral occipitotemporal cortex (LOC). The tactile aspects of needle rotations changed the effective connectivity by directly influencing activity in the SII, whereas visual aspects of needle rotation changed the effective connectivity by influencing both the SII and the LOC. The endogenous connectivity parameters between the IPS and the PMv were reduced significantly in the R-TS condition. The modulatory parameters between the IPS and the PMv were enhanced significantly in the R-TS condition. The connectivity patterns driven by disowned bodily states could be differentially modulated by tactile and visual afferent inputs. Effective connectivity between the parietal and frontal multimodal areas may play important roles in the reinstantiation of body ownership.
Efficient Data Transfer Rate and Speed of Secured Ethernet Interface System
Authors: Ghanti Shaila , Naik G. M.
Published: December 2016

Embedded systems are extensively used in home automation systems, small office systems, vehicle communication systems, and health service systems. The services provided by these systems are available on the Internet and these services need to be protected. Security features like IP filtering, UDP protection, or TCP protection need to be implemented depending on the specific application used by the device. Every device on the Internet must have network interface. This paper proposes the design of the embedded Secured Ethernet Interface System to protect the service available on the Internet against the SYN flood attack. In this experimental study, Secured Ethernet Interface System is customized to protect the web service against the SYN flood attack. Secured Ethernet Interface System is implemented on ALTERA Stratix IV FPGA as a system on chip and uses the modified SYN flood attack protection method. The experimental results using Secured Ethernet Interface System indicate increase in number of genuine clients getting service from the server, considerable improvement in the data transfer rate, and better response time during the SYN flood attack.
Brasile 1960: Gli anni della svolta per Alberto Moravia
Authors: Casini Simone
Published: December 2016

Alberto Moravia chega ao Brasil no verão de 1960 para presidir o congresso do PEN Club. Havia recém-concluído La noia, seu décimo primeiro romance, aquele que mais diretamente se liga à inspiração originária da obra de estreia, Gli indifferenti (1929), e que assinala uma decisiva virada em seu percurso artístico, intelectual e humano. O ensaio reconstrói aquele momento da vida e da obra do escritor de cinquenta anos, no qual se resume e se conclui uma pesquisa decenal e se abre uma nova fase. Repercorrendo os artigos escritos para Il Corriere della Sera e a resenha a Quarto de despejo de Carolina de Jesus, são focalizadas a origem e a aguda reflexão de Moravia sobre o Brasil daqueles anos (Brasília, Bahia, Rio), entre passado e futuro. A experiência do Brasil, para o escritor, que naqueles anos seguintes tentará novas estradas no campo intelectual e literário, e novas metas nas suas viagens, sempre mais orientados, na companhia de Dacia Maraini e de Pier Paolo Pasolini, em direção ao Terceiro Mundo e à África.
A língua e a literatura italianas na modernidade: um diagnóstico Leopardiano
Authors: Silva Gisele Batista da
Published: December 2016

Este artigo apresenta alguns pontos de discussão acerca da análise leopardiana sobre a situação da língua e da literatura italianas na modernidade, destacando suas ponderações a respeito da relação necessária dessas atividades com as ilusões e a felicidade dos antigos, assim como sua crítica às limitações da razão iluminista.
As Inquietações Dannunzianas
Authors: Lacerda Fernanda Gerbis Fellipe , Faria Flora De Paoli
Published: December 2016

A vasta produção de Gabriele D’Annunzio demonstra de forma inequívoca sua consistente erudição e, portanto, não seria um exagero afirmar que atinge sua plenitude ao se dedicar ao teatro. Suas peças negam o drama burguês e verista em voga no final do século XIX propondo a criação de grandes mitos trágicos modernos, inspirados no teatro grego, na filosofia de Friedrich Nietzsche e na Poética de Aristóteles. O Vate ansiava recuperar e reinventar o espírito do teatro trágico e o fez com uma linguagem moderna, nem sempre compreendida pelo público da época. Também os diversos espaços físicos e sociais frequentados por D’Annunzio se fazem presentes em todas as suas produções, transformando sua vida em verdadeira inspiração para suas criações, e sua experiência de vida em obra de arte, criando, assim, um cenário propício para sua existência e como resposta para suas inquietações, que irão se concretizar, de forma plena, na cena teatral
"Os Pintores Futuristas" de Roberto Longhi
Authors: Bortulucce Vanessa Beatriz
Published: December 2016

Este artigo apresenta, pela primeira vez em língua portuguesa, o texto “Os pintores futuristas”, escrito pelo historiador e crítico de arte Roberto Longhi (1890-1970). Professor, pesquisador, ensaísta e editor, Longhi possui uma posição de destaque no estudo da história da arte italiana. Seus escritos atestam seu conhecimento e erudição no campo das artes, e suas monografias foram pioneiras no processo de valorização de artistas como Mattia Preti, Caravaggio e Piero della Francesca. Constatação semelhante pode ser verificada com os pintores futuristas, aos quais Longhi dedicou, em 1913, um ensaio vibrante e consistente, que valoriza as obras do grupo, ao mesmo tempo que o insere na cronologia da arte italiana. Trata-se, portanto, de um texto de particular importância, por ser um dos primeiros trabalhos que se propõe a analisar, em profundidade, a estética futurista e sua produção pictórica
Políticas linguísticas e ensino do italiano: o caso da imigração italiana na Bahia
Authors: Caramori Alessandra , Landulfo Cristiane
Published: December 2016

A língua italiana ingressou em diversas comunidades fora da Itália por várias razões e uma delas é a intensa emigração de cidadãos italianos para os mais longínquos lugares do mundo. A Bahia, estado do nordeste brasileiro, embora poucos saibam, também recebeu, entre os anos de 1950 e 1970, um fluxo significativo de imigrantes italianos que se estabeleceram nos municípios baianos de Boa União, Itiruçu, Jaguaquara e, em especial, Rio Seco, durante o governo de Octávio Mangueira. Nessas localidades, ainda hoje é possível verificar uma forte presença italiana. No entanto, seja pela ineficiência ou inexistência de políticas públicas linguísticas, o ensino do idioma italiano não ocupa um espaço relevante no ensino básico dessas cidades. Este artigo tem, portanto, o propósito de refletir sobre a ausência desse idioma no ensino básico, uma vez que a inclusão de uma língua no currículo escolar deve, a princípio, levar em consideração os fatores relativos às comunidades locais.
italiano jurídico no Brasil: uma pesquisa
Authors: Casini Maria Cecilia , Mastelaro Quézea Regina Albolea
Published: December 2016

O presente artigo é um recorte de uma pesquisa realizada acerca do ensino do italiano jurídico no Brasil, que partiu de uma análise dos manuais didáticos de italiano para juristas e das propostas de cursos realizadas com alunos lusófonos que atuam na área jurídica. Iniciamos discorrendo brevemente sobre o surgimento, na Itália, do uso do “vulgar” em documentos jurídicos e do desenvolvimento da língua através do tempo, até assinalar a importância da língua italiana para quem estuda Direito no Brasil. A partir da análise dos livros didáticos especializados, realizamos um curso para o perfil de alunos indicado nesses manuais (nível intermediário), com o intuito de investigar na prática facilidades e dificuldades dos estudantes ao usá-los. Partindo dos resultados desse primeiro curso, projetamos um novo curso para iniciantes absolutos no idioma, trabalhando as quatro habilidades (ouvir, entender, ler e escrever) de forma integrada, com base nos estudos de Balboni (2010), em que os alunos estudaram tanto a língua comum como a língua de especialidade. Para a realização desta pesquisa, partimos dos trabalhos pioneiros realizados por Candido et al. (1977), e naqueles de Celani et al. (2009) e Mordente e Ferroni (2011a; 2011b), e trouxemos nossas observações que esperamos possam contribuir para a expansão da pesquisa na área do italiano com fins específicos.
Cardiovascular Effects of Performance-Enhancing Drugs
Authors: La Gerche André , Brosnan Maria J.
Published: December 2016

Exercise and competitive sports should be associated with a wide range of health benefits with the potential to inspire a positive community health legacy. However, the reputation of sports is being threatened by an ever-expanding armamentarium of agents with real or perceived benefits in performance enhancement. In addition to the injustice of unfair advantage for dishonest athletes, significant potential health risks are associated with performance-enhancing drugs. Performance-enhancing drugs may have an effect on the cardiovascular system by means of directly altering the myocardium, vasculature, and metabolism. However, less frequently considered is the potential for indirect effects caused through enabling athletes to push beyond normal physiological limits with the potential consequence of exercise-induced arrhythmias. This review will summarize the known health effects of PEDs but will also focus on the potentially greater health threat posed by the covert search for performance-enhancing agents that have yet to be recognized by the World Anti-Doping Agency. History has taught us that athletes are subjected to unmonitored trials with experimental drugs that have little or no established efficacy or safety data. One approach to decrease drug abuse in sports would be to accept that there is a delay from when athletes start experimenting with novel agents to the time when authorities become aware of these drugs. This provides a window of opportunity for athletes to exploit with relative immunity. It could be argued that all off-label use of any agent should be deemed illegal.
A Call for New Approaches to Quantifying Biases in Observations of Sea Surface Temperature
Authors: Kent Elizabeth C. , Kennedy John J. , Smith Thomas M. , Hirahara Shoji , Huang Boyin , Kaplan Alexey , Parker David E. , Atkinson Christopher P. , Berry David I. , Carella Giulia , Fukuda Yoshikazu , Ishii Masayoshi , Jones Philip D. , Lindgren Finn , Merchant Christopher J. , Morak-Bozzo Simone , Rayner Nick A. , Venema Victor , Yasui Souichiro , Zhang Huai-Min
Published: December 2016

Global surface temperature changes are a fundamental expression of climate change. Recent, much-debated variations in the observed rate of surface temperature change have highlighted the importance of uncertainty in adjustments applied to sea surface temperature (SST) measurements. These adjustments are applied to compensate for systematic biases and changes in observing protocol. Better quantification of the adjustments and their uncertainties would increase confidence in estimated surface temperature change and provide higher-quality gridded SST fields for use in many applications.

Bias adjustments have been based on either physical models of the observing processes or the assumption of an unchanging relationship between SST and a reference dataset, such as night marine air temperature. These approaches produce similar estimates of SST bias on the largest space and time scales, but regional differences can exceed the estimated uncertainty. We describe challenges to improving our understanding of SST biases. Overcoming these will require clarification of past observational methods, improved modeling of biases associated with each observing method, and the development of statistical bias estimates that are less sensitive to the absence of metadata regarding the observing method.

New approaches are required that embed bias models, specific to each type of observation, within a robust statistical framework. Mobile platforms and rapid changes in observation type require biases to be assessed for individual historic and present-day platforms (i.e., ships or buoys) or groups of platforms. Lack of observational metadata and high-quality observations for validation and bias model development are likely to remain major challenges.
Intraseasonal Periodicity in the Southern Hemisphere Circulation on Regional Spatial Scales
Authors: Thompson David W. J. , Crow Brian R. , Barnes Elizabeth A.
Published: December 2016

Wave activity in the Southern Hemisphere extratropical atmosphere exhibits robust periodicity on time scales of ~20–25 days. Previous studies have demonstrated the robustness of the periodicity in hemispheric averages of various eddy quantities. Here the authors explore the signature of the periodicity on regional spatial scales.

Intraseasonal periodicity in the Southern Hemisphere circulation derives from out-of-phase anomalies in wave activity that form in association with extratropical wave packets as they propagate to the east. In the upper troposphere, the out-of-phase anomalies in wave activity form not along the path of extratropical wave packets, but in their wake. The out-of-phase anomalies in wave activity give rise to periodicity not only on hemispheric scales, but also on synoptic scales when the circulation is sampled along an eastward path between ~5 and 15 m s−1. It is argued that 1) periodicity in extratropical wave activity derives from two-way interactions between the heat fluxes and baroclinicity in the lower troposphere and 2) the unique longitude–time structure of the periodicity in upper-tropospheric wave activity derives from the contrasting eastward speeds of the source of the periodicity in the lower troposphere (~10 m s−1) and wave packets in the upper troposphere (~25 m s−1).
On Tidal Inference in the Diurnal Band
Authors: Ray R. D.
Published: December 2016

Standard methods of tidal inference should be revised to account for a known resonance that occurs mostly within the K1 tidal group in the diurnal band. The resonance arises from a free rotational mode of Earth caused by the fluid core. In a set of 110 bottom-pressure tide stations, the amplitude of the P1 tidal constituent is shown to be suppressed relative to K1, which is in good agreement with the resonance theory. Standard formulas for the K1 nodal modulation remain essentially unaffected. Two examples are given of applications of the refined inference methodology: one with monthly tide gauge data and one with satellite altimetry. For some altimeter-constrained tide models, an inferred P1 constituent is found to be more accurate than a directly determined one.
Genomics of chronic neutrophilic leukemia
Authors: Maxson Julia E. , Tyner Jeffrey W.
Published: December 2016

Chronic neutrophilic leukemia (CNL) is a distinct myeloproliferative neoplasm with a high prevalence (>80%) of mutations in the colony-stimulating factor 3 receptor (CSF3R). These mutations activate the receptor, leading to the proliferation of neutrophils that are a hallmark of CNL. Recently, the World Health Organization guidelines have been updated to include CSF3R mutations as part of the diagnostic criteria for CNL. Because of the high prevalence of CSF3R mutations in CNL, it is tempting to think of this disease as being solely driven by this genetic lesion. However, recent additional genomic characterization demonstrates that CNL has much in common with other chronic myeloid malignancies at the genetic level, such as the clinically related diagnosis atypical chronic myeloid leukemia. These commonalities include mutations in SETBP1, spliceosome proteins (SRSF2, U2AF1), and epigenetic modifiers (TET2, ASXL1). Some of these same mutations also have been characterized as frequent events in clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential, suggesting a more complex disease evolution than was previously understood and raising the possibility that an age-related clonal process of preleukemic cells could precede the development of CNL. The order of acquisition of CSF3R mutations relative to mutations in SETBP1, epigenetic modifiers, or the spliceosome has been determined only in isolated case reports; thus, further work is needed to understand the impact of mutation chronology on the clonal evolution and progression of CNL. Understanding the complete landscape and chronology of genomic events in CNL will help in the development of improved therapeutic strategies for this patient population.
Hydrocarbon microseepage-related geobotanical analysis in and around oil fields
Authors: Krupnik Diana , Khan Shuhab
Published: December 2016

Hydrocarbon microseepage can be detected by its altering effect on rocks, soils, and overlying vegetation. This study examines the impact of hydrocarbon seepage on vegetation. Microseeping hydrocarbons alter soil chemistry, often creating an environment that can impact the health of overlying vegetation; these effects can be observed using remote sensing. Blackburn and Eagle Springs oil fields in Nevada; Patrick Draw and Little Buffalo Basin oil fields in Wyoming; and Cement oil field in Oklahoma were selected for this study because previous investigations confirmed the presence of microseeping hydrocarbons in these locations. In this study, moderate resolution imaging spectroradiometer's (MODIS) monthly average normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) data from January 2003 to December 2012 were used to observe vegetation health inside oil fields. Average NDVI was calculated for these locations. The typical range of NDVI in desert environments, such as those observed in semi-arid desert environments, can range from 0.18 to 0.49, depending on the season. In Blackburn Oil Field, the averaged NDVI near hydrocarbon production is 0.22, whereas it is 0.23 in areas where production does not occur. In Eagle Springs oil field, the average NDVI is 0.13, while it is 0.22 in surrounding areas. In Patrick Draw, the average NDVI is 0.14 in the oil field versus 0.15 in surrounding areas. In Little Buffalo Basin oil field, the NDVI is 0.19, and it is 0.23 in nearby areas where production does not take place. In Cement, Oklahoma, average NDVI is 0.47 in the oil field and 0.48 outside the oil field. Lower NDVI inside oil fields compared to surrounding areas may indicate lower abundance of vegetation or stressed vegetation, possibly as a result of hydrocarbon seepage and production.
Tax Policy and Heterogeneous Investment Behavior
Authors: Zwick Eric , Mahon James
Published: December 2016

We estimate the effect of temporary tax incentives on equipment investment using shifts in accelerated depreciation. Analyzing data for over 120,000 firms, we present three findings. First, bonus depreciation raised investment in eligible capital relative to ineligible capital by 10.4 percent between 2001 and 2004 and 16.9 percent between 2008 and 2010. Second, small firms respond 95 percent more than big firms. Third, firms respond strongly when the policy generates immediate cash flows, but not when cash flows only come in the future. This heterogeneity materially affects investment-weighted estimates and supports models in which financial frictions or fixed costs amplify investment responses. (JEL D21, D22, D92, G31, H25, H32)
Coarse Competitive Equilibrium and Extreme Prices
Authors: Gul Faruk , Pesendorfer Wolfgang , Strzalecki Tomasz
Published: December 2016

We introduce a notion of coarse competitive equilibrium, to study agents’ inability to tailor their consumption to prices. Our goal is to incorporate limited cognitive ability (in particular limited attention, memory, and complexity) into the analysis of competitive equilibrium. Compared to standard competitive equilibrium, our concept yields more extreme prices and, when all agents have the same endowment, riskier allocations. We provide a tractable model suitable for general equilibrium analysis as well as asset pricing. (JEL D11, D51, D91, G10)
Anaesthetic choice in avian patients
Authors: Kubiak Marie
Published: December 2016

Anaesthesia is often necessary in avian patients for diagnostic and surgical intervention. Fractious patients may also require anaesthesia to facilitate a comprehensive clinical examination. Use of volatile agents, such as isoflurane or sevoflurane, to induce and maintain anaesthesia has been the mainstay of avian anaesthesia and this is simple and readily achievable in practice but there are some potential negative factors to consider. Alternative options are discussed.
Inter-rater reliability of mini balance evaluation system test in ambulatory people with multiple sclerosis
Authors: Ross Elaine , Purtill Helen , Coote Susan
Published: December 2016

Background:

Balance deficits are common in people with multiple sclerosis, and accurate measurement of balance using clinical measures is important. This study investigates the inter-rater reliability of the mini Balance Evaluation System test (mini-BESTest) in ambulatory people with multiple sclerosis.

Methods:

People with multiple sclerosis attending physiotherapy in an acute hospital were invited to take part. Participants gave demographic information and completed the mini-BESTest twice. Raters were experienced and novice physiotherapists. Data were analysed using intraclass correlation coefficients and Bland and Altman analysis. Agreement of individual items were analysed using weighted Kappa.

Results:

Fifty participants (37 female) had a mean age of 45.73 (5.65) years; 61.5% did not use a walking aid. The mean difference between the raters was 0.27 (Standard deviation: 1.8; 95% confidence interval (CI): -2.5+2.02), which was not significantly different (P=0.816). The intra class correlation coefficient was 0.98 (95% CI: 0.96–0.99). The standard error of the measures was 1.27, with a minimum detectable change of 3.91. Most items (2–4, 7–10, 12–14) on the mini-BESTest had Kappa values greater than 0.51; item 14 demonstrated complete agreement (k=1). Percentage agreement for individual questions ranged from 69% to 100%.

Conclusions:

Agreement between raters was high for the total score and for the majority of individual items. A change greater than 3.9 points on the mini-BESTest is required to be confident that change is not due to measurement error when two raters are used.
Effects of bilateral flexible flatfoot on trunk and hip muscles' torque
Authors: Zahran Samah Saad , Aly Sobhy M , Zaky Lilian Albert
Published: December 2016

Background:

Flexible flatfoot has been considered as a risk factor for a number of lower limb injuries and mechanical low back pain. This, theoretically, was attributed to dysfunction of the lumbopelvic-hip complex musculature. Despite this theoretical basis, no study has evaluated the effect of flexible flatfoot on the strength of the lumbar and hip muscles.

Objective:

To investigate the influence of flexible flatfoot on concentric hip and trunk torque generation.

Methods:

A case-control comparison was held between a flexible flatfoot group (20 subjects) and a normal foot group (20 subjects). An isokinetic dynamometer was used to assess the concentric torque of hip flexors, extensors, internal rotators, and external rotators; and trunk flexors, and extensors. Group differences were assessed by using a one-way multivariate analysis of variance.

Results:

There was a significant decrease in the hip flexors', extensors', internal rotators', and external rotators' peak torque of both sides in the flexible flatfoot group compared to the normal group, while there was no significant difference in the lumbar flexors' and extensors' peak torque between the two groups.

Conclusion:

Impairment in hip muscles' concentric strength was observed in subjects with flexible flatfoot when compared to normal controls. Our results may support the interrelationship between foot misalignment and proximal joints pathology.
Towards a Multimodal Methodology for the analysis of translated/localised games
Authors: Coelho Bárbara Resende , Da Silva Igor Antônio Lourenço
Published: December 2016

Multimedia materials require research methodologies that are able to comprehend all of their assets. Videogames are the epitome of multimedia, combining images, sounds, videos, animations, graphics and texts with the interactivity factor. A methodology to conduct research into translation and localisation of videogames should be able to analyse all of its assets and features. This paper sets out to develop a research methodology for games and their translations/localisations that goes beyond the collection and analysis of “screenshots” and includes as many of their assets as possible. Using the fully localised version of the game Watchdogs, this paper shows how tools and technologies allow for transcending the mere analysis of linguistic contents within multimedia materials. Using software ELAN Language Archive to analyse Portuguese-language dubbed and English-language subtitled excerpts from the videogame, it was possible to identify patterns in both linguistic and audio-visual elements, as well as to correlate them.
Conflitos sobre posse de terras
Authors: Batistote Maria Luceli Faria
Published: December 2016

Neste texto, situado nas atuais “tendências francesas de análise do discurso”, estuda-se a enunciação aforizante em mídia do Centro-Oeste brasileiro, em publicações online veiculadas no jornal Campo Grande News, na sequência dos trabalhos de Dominique Maingueneau (2006, 2008, 2010). Partindo da hipótese de que a forma como as mídias destacam enunciados contribui para a captação/“manipulação” dos leitores, busca-se verificar o funcionamento desse fenômeno na produção de efeitos de sentido a respeito de conflitos sobre posse de terras entre fazendeiros e indígenas.
Ensino da relativa padrão do Português Brasileiro para falantes de árabe
Authors: Da Silva Bianca Graziela Souza Gomes
Published: December 2016

Este artigo propõe realizar uma análise contrastiva e estudar as estratégias de transferência entre o árabe e o português brasileiro das estruturas de relativização, com o objetivo de promover o aprendizado das relativas do português brasileiro pelos falantes de árabe. Tal aspecto sintático do português brasileiro gera problemas no aprendizado do português como língua estrangeira para os falantes do árabe; dessa maneira, a pesquisa propõe uma reflexão de ensino da estrutura padrão a fim de se evitar a influência da língua materna na língua alvo.
Uma volta para as fundamentações filosóficas de uma teoria cognitiva da metáfora
Authors: Schröder Ulrike
Published: December 2016

O presente artigo busca localizar as origens da Teoria Cognitiva da Metáfora em abordagens filosóficas, com o intuito de ilustrar o panorama multifacetado de precursores da metáfora conceitual anterior à publicação de Metaphors We Live By (LAKOFF; JOHNSON, 1980/2003). A partir das nove hipóteses-chave que Jäkel (2003) estabelece para comprimir o núcleo da teoria de Lakoff e Johnson e seus sucessores, procurar-se-á investigar até que ponto filósofos de três séculos – em reflexões racionalistas, empiristas, idealistas, românticas e do campo da crise da linguagem – já antecipam pontos decisivos da Semântica Cognitiva.
Saia do vermelho
Authors: Santos Leusa Cristina
Published: December 2016

Saber gastar. Saber poupar. Como sair do vermelho? Não é raro lermos ou ouvirmos questões como essas na mídia em geral. Esses enunciados geralmente aparecem em época de final ou começo de ano, visto que é nesse momento que as pessoas recebem o décimo terceiro salário e se veem diante de decisões sobre guardar o dinheiro para quitar dívidas, ou aproveitar o saldo a mais e ir às compras. E a mídia, atenta a esse momento, pulveriza uma série de enunciados que trazem no seu bojo orientações sobre como gerir o dinheiro e como sair da teia de dívidas caso se exagere na dose. Esse artigo se debruça sobre esses tipos de enunciados, em capas de jornais impressos, para investigar, à luz das reflexões do pensador russo Mikhail Bakhtin, principalmente pelo dialogismo, se essas manchetes pressupõem que as pessoas não sabem como administrar o próprio dinheiro. Foram utilizadas ideias-chave da teoria bakhtiniana como as vozes, a característica dialógica nos enunciados e o discurso do outrem.
Análise da Estrutura Temática em artigos audiovisuais de pesquisa de biologia
Authors: Milani Victor Gomes
Published: December 2016

O presente estudo busca descrever a estrutura temática de Artigos Audiovisuais de Pesquisa (APP) da área de biologia publicados no Journal of Visualized Experiments (JoVE) partindo da Metafunção Textual (HALLIDAY; MATTHIESSEN, 1994, 2004, 2014). Os passos de análise foram: transcrição da língua oral, identificação da estrutura Temática e de padrões Temáticos, e contabilização e interpretação dos padrões Temáticos baseando-se em Halliday (1985, 1994) e Halliday & Matthiessen (2004, 2014) e Thompson (2004). Os resultados apontaram a preferência pela tematização de Processos e Circunstâncias nas orações analisadas, bem como uma baixa ocorrência de Temas Textuais e uma quase inexistência de Temas Interpessoais. Concluiu-se que a Metafunção Textual contribui para a natureza instrucional do AAP, corroborando com estudos prévios (SOUZA, 2015; SILVA, 2015a, 2015b; MILANI, 2014).
Equívocos em torno da escrita
Authors: Bessa José Cezinaldo Rocha , Bernardino Rosângela Alves dos Santos
Published: December 2016

Com este trabalho, pretendemos apontar alguns equívocos presentes em materiais voltados para o ensino de língua portuguesa, com foco na produção de textos, e disponibilizados no formato de vídeos no YouTube. Fundamentados especialmente em pressupostos da Linguística do Texto, sobretudo em estudos de Antunes (2005, 2007, 2009, 2010), em leituras de Bakhtin (2003, 2013) e Adam (2011) e em estudos e reflexões sobre ensino de língua materna, analisamos 04 vídeos voltados para a apresentação de dicas que visam à instrumentalização da escrita de textos solicitados em situações mais formais de uso da língua. Os resultados do material analisado apontam que não há propriamente instruções que focalizem a natureza do texto e que o tomem como objeto de estudo e reflexão, dada a predileção ainda pela exploração de elementos gramaticais a partir do exame de frases soltas e descontextualizadas. Concluímos que as dicas apresentadas nesses vídeos explicitam uma falta de compreensão sobre o real funcionamento do texto, da produção escrita, da atividade interativa, evidenciando, portanto, pouca ou nenhuma sintonia com as recentes contribuições da Linguística, principalmente daquelas advindas da Linguística do Texto, das Análises do Discurso e da Estilística.
EDITORAS DE PERIÓDICOS PREDADORES: UM PERIGO NA DIVULGAÇÃO DE RESULTADOS DE PESQUISA NO BRASIL E NO MUNDO
Authors: Oliveira Anselmo Gomes de , Silveira Dâmaris
Published: December 2016

Desde os últimos 30 anos, além dos periódicos científicos impressos e de acesso restrito, que são mantidos por meio de assinaturas ou por sociedades científicas, surgiram outros periódicos, impressos e/ou online,em sua grande maioria de acesso livre, que para sua manutençãocobram dos autores interessados na publicação. Assim, o autor é solicitado a pagar taxa para submissão de artigos, taxas de editoração, taxas para manutenção on line, taxas para visualização completa do artigo on line, ou, as mais comuns, taxas para a publicação, os quais na maioria das vezes são de acervo aberto. Ou seja, instituições de pesquisa do mundo todo ou devem pagar taxas anuais para ter acesso aos artigos científicos, muitasvezes de autoria de seus próprios pesquisadores, ou pela publicação dos artigos de seus pesquisadores.
PSEUDOMONAS AERUGINOSA EM HOSPITAL DA MICRORREGIÃO DE OURO PRETO, MINAS GERAIS, BRASIL
Authors: Bianco de Souza Gustavo Henrique , Rezende Miranda Renata , De Jesus Inácio Luciana , Roquete Amparo Tatiane , Araújo Vaz Luana Beatriz , Silva Fernades Maísa Angélica , De Carvalho Mapa Bruna , Medeiros Teixeira Luiz Fernando , Gomes Assenço Regina Aparecida , Da Silva Lanna Maria Célia , Santos Silva Alessandra Júlia , De Castro Campos Marcela Maria , Pedrosa da Fonseca Rios Elisa Maria
Published: December 2016

A água representa o principal meio de transmissão de micro-organismos em centros de saúde, os quais podem causar infecções que são um grave problema de saúde pública. O objetivo desse estudo foi avaliar a qualidade microbiológica da água utilizada em um hospital da microrregião de Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brasil. Foram coletadas doze amostras de água em pontos distintos para testes de detecção de coliformes totais e termotolerantes, assim como de outros microrganismos; além disso, testes de sensibilidade a antimicrobianos também foram realizados. A espécie bacteriana Pseudomonas aeruginosa foi detectada na amostra correspondente à água de enxágue de roupas limpas coletada na área limpa da lavanderia e foi identificada por coloração de Gram e análise automatizada utilizando o equipamento VITEK®. O isolado de P.aeruginosa mostrou-se sensível aos antibióticos usualmente utilizados no tratamento de infecções induzidas por esta bactéria, tais como cefalosporinas, fluorquinolonas, polimixinas e carbapenêmicos. Contudo, os resultados indicam a necessidade de maior atenção ao processo de higienização de roupas hospitalares, fato ainda negligenciado no Brasil.
ALTERAÇÕES NO HEMOGRAMA DE PACIENTES COM DENGUE NO MUNICÍPIO DE SÃO JOSÉ DO CALÇADO, ES, BRASIL
Authors: Faria Ronaldo Jose , Bazoni Patricia Silva
Published: December 2016

A dengue é uma doença viral que vem se tornando um dos principais problemas de saúde pública no mundo. No Brasil, a infecção pelo vírus da dengue se torna cada vez mais frequente, atingindo a população de todos os Estados. O presente estudo teve como objetivo identificar e descrever a frequência das alterações do hemograma de pacientes que apresentaram sorologia IgM positiva para dengue. Entre janeiro e abril de 2016 foram notificados 656 pacientes com suspeita da doença. Destes, 498 pacientes apresentaram sorologia IgM positiva. Trata-se de um estudo retrospectivo descritivo, seguido de uma análise crítica dos dados do hemograma destes pacientes para obtenção da frequência das alterações hematológicas. Dentre os casos estudados a população feminina foi a mais acometida pela doença, tendo 52 % de prevalência. No que tange à faixa etária, indivíduos com mais de 50 anos foram os mais atingidos com 35,5 % de prevalência. As alterações hematológicas mais observadas foram leucopenia, que esteve presente em 57,7 % dos pacientes, seguido de plaquetopenia predominante em 32,0 % dos casos, linfopenia em 21,7 % e aumento do hematócrito (HCT) em 14,8 %. Fatores como a genética viral e a resposta imune diferenciada entre os pacientes, faz com que a frequência dessas alterações varie de acordo com a região e a população estudada. A realização do hemograma é de suma importância, devido sua grande contribuição para a decisão da conduta médica frente à ocorrência de possíveis casos críticos da doença.
ANÁLISE DO CONTEÚDO DAS INFORMAÇÕES TECNICO-CIENTÍFICAS DE FOLDERS PUBLICITARIOS DE ATIVOS MAGISTRAIS
Authors: Robles Ana Claudia Tomaz , Almeida Rosane Lopes de , Tiyo Rogerio , Lopes Gisely Cristiny
Published: December 2016

O setor magistral, a partir da lei dos medicamentos genéricos, teve uma grande expansão no Brasil, e passou a manipular inúmeros fármacos, cujas apresentações farmacêuticas são disponibilizadas pela indústria farmacêutica, com apresentações em dose individualizadas. além daqueles voltados à dermatologia e à homeopatia. Com o aumento do número de farmácias de manipulação no Brasil e devido à sua competitividade, surgiu a necessidade de divulgação de produtos e preços, que levaram a estratégias, para a promoção dos produtos e serviços. O objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar a linguagem publicitária, utilizada por empresas fornecedoras de matérias-primas para o setor magistral. Nos casos analisados, as imagens utilizadas para a promoção dos ativos magistrais nas peças publicitárias, de modo geral, são apelativas, usadas para causar impacto sobre o consumidor, de tal modo que influenciem a sua decisão de compra. As estratégias utilizadas pelo marketing foram figuras humanas, confrontando o antes e o depois. Essas imagens geralmente divulgam produtos voltados para o tratamento da obesidade, “peeling” facial, tratamento de cicatrizes, queda de cabelos. Os resultados do presente estudo sugerem que a publicidade dos produtos avaliados usou estratégias de marketing que estimulam o desejo do consumidor. Neste contexto, o uso das imagens femininas foi a estratégia da propaganda, em detrimento das informações sobre a eficácia e segurança do produto.
Overweightness and obesity prevalence among university students in 2015-2016 educational season
Authors: Uluöz Eren
Published: December 2016

The main purpose of this study is to find out the obesity prevalence among university students. In addition to the main purpose, another aims of this study is to determine the individual features of participants related to obesity such as gender, age, being an obese in family and doing physical activity.This study was performed on university students from five different faculties of Çukurova University in 2015-2016 educational season. In this study, 894 volunteer students accepted for attending to the research. The mean age of female participants was 21.39±2.53 years. However, mean of males was 22.28±2.73 years. Descriptive study design and causal comparative methods were used. The individual information form created by the researcher was used to determine the demographic characteristics of the participants. BMI was analyzed both quantitative and categorical ways in this study. WHO’s classification method was used for categorizing of BMI. All findings in the study were summarized by descriptive statistical methods such as mean, standard deviation, frequency, percentage, etc. The independent sample T test, the ANOVA test, Pearson correlation test and chi-square test were used. In all analyzes, significance level was accepted as p <0.05.The mean of the BMI was calculated as 22.40±3.49 kg/m2. There was a statistically significant difference between the mean BMI of males (23.80±3.40 kg/m2) and female participants (21,01±2,99 kg/m2, t(-13,043)=892, p<0.05). Also, it was found statically significant difference among BMI classification groups for gender (obesity rate of male: 4.9% ; female:1.1%) , x2(df=3, n=894)=101.21, p<0.05. These results have indicated that the rate of obesity among university students is lower than normal population in Turkey. At the same time the findings of this study have shown similar characteristics with the university students’ of other countries reported by previous studies.In conclusion, it should be taken some measures for reducing overweightness and obesity such as increasing physical activity possibilities for people in all condition by local and central Governments, increasing the number of hours of physical education and sports lessons in schools as much as possible and the processing of these courses must be inspected strongly, more strict measures taken by the government to reduce obesity rates in society, informing and awareness of community on obesity, informing adequate and balanced nutrition by using the all media devices and facilities.
The Migration Crisis as It Seems: Speech Manipulation Technology in US Internet Media
Authors: Nikitina Ksenia
Published: December 2016

The following paper is devoted to the study of speech manipulation technologies in US political media discourse. A number of web-based articles have been taken under consideration for this study. They demonstrate the problem arising from the refugee flow in Europe and create a special “image” of the complicated European situation. It is helpful to see how the situation appears in the Internet media since this type of mass communication is most influential these days. While considering a large amount of media texts, a special speech manipulation technology has been revealed. This phenomenon demonstrates a distinct structure and close interrelations of purposefully selected elements. Going through a number of stages we can find out the technology of speech manipulation – a system of using the aggregate of speech manipulation instruments in order to purposefully guide the reality perception of the mass audience. The external level of the texts enables us to take a penetrating look at the internal intentions. This knowledge will help us not to confuse the migration crisis as it is and the migration crisis as it seems.
Influence of Tin Bronze Melting and Pouring Parameters on Its Properties and Bells’ Tone
Authors: Bartocha D. , Baron C.
Published: December 2016

The most important feature of bells is their sound. Its clarity and beauty depend, first of all, on the bell’s geometry - particularly the shape of its profile, but also on the quality of alloy used to its cast. Hence, if the melting and pouring parameters could influence the alloy’s properties, what influence they would have on the frequencies of bell’s tone. In the article authors present their own approaches to find answers on that and more questions.