bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ON PROTECTION OF ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITES IN THE UST-CHUMYSH MICRODISTRICT
Authors:   Altai State University, A. KAZAKOV ,   Barnaul Law Institute of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia
Published: October 2021

The article analyzes the conducted activities for protection of several archaeological sites of the Ust-Chumysh microdistrict located at the mouth of the Chumysh River in the Talmensky District of the Altai Territory. It should be noted that it has been the first and the only experience of preventive protection measures in the Altai Territory so far. At the initiative of the scientific community, conservation measures started, which led to the creation of the only natural and historical reserve in Altai, one of its goals being the preservation of archaeological sites. Specific measures for completion of this work have been proposed. The positive results of such activities of interdepartmental interaction were in the absence of both natural and anthropogenic destruction in the analyzed archaeological microdistrict, which prompted us to formulate a proposal to share this experience, its essence being a creation of an interdepartmental working group with involvement of scientific community in order to include archaeological sites in the list of protected objects of the existing specially protected areas, with a subsequent change in their status from natural to natural-historical. Keywords: nature reserve, protection, archaeology, interaction, Altai Territory, microdistrict
THE UNIFORM OF A MINING ENGINEER FROM THE BURIAL OF THE FORMER NAGORNY CEMETERY OF BARNAUL
Authors:   Museum “Gorod”, D. KALASHNIKOV , S. SITNIKOV ,   “Altai Archaeological Society”, V. SEMIBRATOV ,   Altai State University, I. CHUDILIN ,   Altai State University
Published: October 2021

The study of materials obtained during emergency work on the territory of the former Nagorny cemetery in Barnaul in 2015-2016 continues. This article attempts to determine the rank of the official whose burial was discovered in the autumn of 2015. The identification is carried out by the uniform of dark blue cloth preserved on the remains of the official with full gold embroidery on the collar and cuffs, indicating that he belongs to the Mining Department and general rank. The work is complicated by the incomplete preservation of the uniform and numerous changes in the uniform of the officials of the Mining Department throughout the 19th century. In the future, when determining the specific rank and time of existence of a uniform of this cut, it is possible to establish a fairly reliable identity. The number of employees of this rank in Barnaul was insignificant. The record of the official’s death was to be preserved in the metrical registers of one of the city’s most important churches. Keywords: Barnaul, Nagorny cemetery, emergency work, study of finds, uniform of the mining department, departmental gold embroidery, establishment of the rank of the buried engineer
HOLY CROSS EXALTATION CHURCH IN BARNAUL -A MODEL OF SMALL CENTRAL-DOMED TEMPLE OF THE BEGINNING OF 20TH CENTURY
Authors:   Altai Regional Local History Non-Government Organization “Altai Heritage”, M. TSELISHCHEVA
Published: October 2021

Under the grant of the President of the Russian Federation in 2018, the Red Book of Cultural Heritage Objects of the Altai Krai was replenished with materials dedicated to religious objects under threat of destruction. In this article on the ground of archival sources, the author presents information about the construction of a cemetery church without a parish in Barnaul at the beginning of the 20th century since documents’ preparation and approval in the Tomsk Construction Department, selection of the construction place to the present. In particular, she describes in detail the process of building a church, cites drawings of the building found in the Tomsk archive. The construction was carried out with funds donated under the will of A.I. Alkova and presented by the merchant Smirnov on behalf of M.M. Smirnova money. The temple was built according to the plan drawn up by Mr. Bodunov. The object of cultural heritage is an example of stone church architecture of the Russian-Byzantine style and an example of a small central-domed temple - a cemetery church of the early 20th century. Keywords: church, temple, stone church architecture, object of cultural heritage, architectural monument
MINIATURE COLUMNS OF BMAC IN EUROPEAN ONLINE AUCTIONS: OPPORTUNITIES FOR USE IN SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH
Authors:   Altai State University, S. Grushin
Published: October 2021

The paper is devoted to the consideration of the possibilities of using artifacts from private collections that are sold at European online auctions in scientific research. As an example, the data from the website of the world’s largest auction house Sotheby’s are analyzed. The description of 18 artifacts (miniature columns from Bactria) is given. Such artifacts are cylindrical or biconical shaped stone products with gutters on the bases and sides. The main difficulties when referring to this type of sources in scientific research are such aspects as lack of certification, the problem of authenticity and verification of information, the region of origin, incomplete information. Nevertheless, the analyzed objects fit into the cultural stereotypes of the BMAC and find complete analogies in the well-documented and stratified sits of this cultural area, which is a certain basis for their authenticity. Therefore, despite the noted nuances, it is concluded that it is necessary to take into account such artifacts in scientific research. Keywords: artifacts, BMAC, miniature columns, private collections, online auctions
NEW RESULTS OF THE RESEARCH ONTO THE EARLY IRON AGE BURIAL MOUNDS AT THE KHANKAISKY DOL BURIAL GROUND
Authors:   Altai State University, P. DASHKOVSKIY , A. OZHIGANOV ,   Altai State University, I. SAVKO ,   Institute of Archaeology and Ethnography SB RAS,   Altai State Pedagogical University, E. Shershneva ,   Altai State University
Published: October 2021

The article presents the results of the study of mounds N26 and N33 at the Khankarinsky Dol burial ground, located in the Krasnoshchekovsky district ofthe Altai Territory. The excavations were carried out by the Krasnoshchekovskaya archaeological expedition of Altai State University with the participation of students of the Barnaul State Pedagogical University. As a result of the excavations, it was revealed that both mounds had been robbed, which makes their chronological attribution difficult. At the same time, the inventory in the form of fragments of gold foil was found only in mound No. 33. Recorded during the excavation of mound No. 33 features of the burial rite is the position of the deceased on his right side, facing to the East, accompanying burial of the horse along the Northern wall of the grave, ritual food, have certain analogies to previously explored objects of the Pazyryk culture on the necropolis Khankarinsky Dol and the nearby burial grounds Inskoy Dol and Chineta-II. In addition, such signs of the funeral rite find parallels with similar indicators for the sites of the Pazyryk period excavated in the Central and South-Eastern Altai. Mound No. 26, taking into account the analysis of the burial structure, the eastern orientation of the deceased, the presence of ritual meat food, the location next to the chain of mounds of the Pazyryk culture, gives reason to tentatively attribute it to the Scythian-Saka period. Keywords: funeral ceremony, Scythian-Saka period, burial mound, altai, artifacts
STUDIES IN THE MUSOHRANOVO-6A SETTLEMENT IN THE KOSMINSKA ARCHAEOLOGICAL MICRODISTRICT
Authors:   Kuzbass State Technical University named after T.F. Gorbachev, A. ILYUSHIN
Published: October 2021

The article publishes and explores materials from the excavation of pit No. 6 at the Musokhranovo-6A settlement, located in the valley of the middle reaches of the Kasma river in the Leninsk-Kuznetsk district of the Kemerovo region. The results and materials of archaeological excavations are described. A representative collection of archaeological finds is published, represented by fragments of corollas and the bottom of ceramic utensils and dice. Individual copies of ceramic utensils are decorated with ornaments. Sources are systematized (corolla shape, ornament application technique, zonal arrangement of ornament elements and motifs) are subjected to comparative historical analysis with similar materials from the Kuznetsk basin. Based on a comparative analysis, it is concluded that the materials studied on the totality of cultural characteristics can be attributed to two historical periods - the transition time from the late Bronze Age to the early Iron Age and the Middle Ages. The cultural layer of the settlement is characterized as the mixed one consisting of artifacts of Late Irish and Shandin archaeological culture. Keywords: Kuznetsk Basin, Kasma, settlement, Musohranovo-6A, ceramics, Irmen culture, Shandin culture
IRON AGE BURIAL MOUND UST-BELOKURIKHA-3: EMERGENCY EXCAVATIONS IN CONSTRUCTION ZONE OF BIYSK-BELOKURIKHA HIGHWAY IN 1990
Authors:   Altai State University, A. Kazakov ,   Barnaul Law Institute of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, Ya. FROLOV ,   Altai State University
Published: October 2021

The article publishes materials from the Ust-Belokurikha 3 burial ground. The site is located in the Smolensk District of the Altai Territory. The burial ground was destroyed during construction work. There were five burial mounds on the site. One burial mound was excavated. Its artificial hill had been built of stone. There was one burial in the center of the mound. The deceased in the grave was laid on his back and his head was oriented to the southwest. His legs were bent. The specifics of the funeral rite allow dating the site to the Early Iron Age. Preliminary dating of the necropolis can be attributed to the Bystryanskaya culture. The absence of visually prominent mounds at the site is characteristic of most mound necropolises of this kind in the northern foothills of Altai. Those sites were destroyed during the intensive anthropogenic use of the area. Continuing plowing of the land containing archaeological sites in the foothill zone creates an additional threat to the deteriorating condition of the ancient burial mounds. Keywords: burial mound, early Iron Age, Scythian-Saka time, northern foothills of Altai, Bystryanskaya culture
CERAMICS OF THE PESTRYAKOVO LAKE SETTLEMENT (SOUTH OF WESTERN SIBERIA)
Authors:   Altai State University, K. KIRYUSHIN , Yu. KIRYUSHIN ,   Altai State University
Published: October 2021

The article is devoted to the publication of finds of fragments of ceramic dishes discovered at the settlement of Pestryakovo Lake (Zavyalovsky district of Altai Territory). A group of ceramics which belongs to the early Iron Age and the Middle Ages, is pointed out. Single fragments find analogies in the materials of the sites of the Early and Late Bronze Age. The ceramic collection of the Pestryakovo Lake settlement includes groups of ceramics that belong to the Neolithic or Eneolithic. These are fragments of vessels ornamented with prints of a “string”, pricks, imprints of a short comb stamp, a dingle-dingle stamping. Linear-pricked and receding-pricked ceramics are quite informative. On the outer and inner surfaces, as well as in the fractures, traces of burnt-out organic matter (animal hair) are recorded. Such ceramics are widely represented in the south of Western Siberia and are associated with various settlement and burial complexes from the Ob to the Irtysh and various cultural formations of the Neolithic and Eneolithic. Keywords: settlement, ceramics, ornamentation technique, comparative typological analysis, neolithic, eneolithic
THE QUESTION OF THE ORIGIN OF CELTS WITH ON THE SIDE EARS OF THE BOLSHELOZHSKY TYPE
Authors:   Kuzbass State Technical University named after T.F. Gorbachev, S. KOVALEVSKY
Published: October 2021

The article is devoted to the consideration of the origin and dating of celts with on the side ears, which originate from the settlements of the Late Bronze Age and transition time from the Bronze Age to the Iron Age in the Kazakh steppe and south of Western Siberia (some of which are accidental finds) and are identified by most experts to be antiquities of the Sargarinsko-Aleekseyevskaya, Begazy-Dandybayevskaya, Irmenskaya and Bolsherechenskaya cultures. Previously, such celts were dated to the beginning of the first millennium, BC. At present, there have been certain quantitative and qualitative changes. In particular, the fund of archaeological resources for the Late Bronze Age and transition time from the Bronze Age to the Iron Age had been significantly replenished, and new research concepts have appeared. This gave us the opportunity to compare the archaeological finds of the Late Bronze Age of remote regions, namely the Eastern Europe and the Kazakh steppe and south of Western Siberia. A significant similarity was revealed between the celts of the ancient cultures of the Eastern Europe and the region located east of the Urals. It is suggested that the celts with on the side ears are of Eastern Europe origin. Their appearance among the artifacts of archaeological cultures of Kazakhstan and Southern Siberia is dated to the 14th - 11/10th centuries BC. Keywords: late Bronze Age, transition time from Bronze to Iron, celts, south of Western Siberia, eastern Europe
THE CONCENTRATION OF ELITE KURGANS IN BARABA: ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIOCULTURAL FACTORS
Authors:   Institute of Archaeology and Ethnography SB RAS, V. MOLODIN , L. MYLNIKOVA ,   Institute of Archaeology and Ethnography SB RAS
Published: October 2021

Long-term archaeological study of the Baraba forest-steppe revealed the plot of land Tai, a natural oasis, actively inhabited by humans in all historical epochs. The plot of land attractiveness is in the favorable environment, which ensured human existence both in the years of water activity and in the years of drought. A significant role was also played by the intersection of the Om’ and Tartas rivers in this Tai area. In the Sargat era of the Early Iron Age, the kurgans containing elite burial structures were concentrated there. Elite kurgans differed from others by their size, sacred space organization and unique imported goods. There are large-scale kurgans with hundreds of elite objects (Ust Tartas Kurgans burial ground), relatively small ones with several elite objects (Yashkino-1, Novyi Tartas-2, Staryi Sad, Tartas-2), and single elite kurgans (Sopka, Gosudarevo Ozero-1). It is assumed that the gradation is a consequence of the existing social structure of the Sargat society. Keywords: Baraba forest-steppe, early Iron Age, Sargat culture, elite burial structures, natural oases, the plot of land Tai
EARLY MEDIEVAL IRON PRODUCTS SET FROM THE ZARINSKY DISTRICT, ALTAI REGION
Authors:   Altai State University, A. Tishkin
Published: October 2021

The Zarinsky District in archaeological terms is one of the least studied territory of the Altai Territory. Systematic surveys were rarely carried out there. However, this region is important for the study of ancient and medieval history, as it is located on the border of Western and Southern Siberia. Recently, information about archaeological finds that were obtained using metal detectors has become frequent. The article examines the situation recorded by the competent authorities associated with the partial destruction of a historical and cultural monument of federal significance and the illegal extraction of iron objects from it. The study of the confiscated artifacts was carried out on the basis of an official request from the Directorate of the FSB of Russia in the Altai Territory. Detailed descriptions of artifacts (bit, adze, two arrowheads) are given, which are supplemented by detailed illustrations. It was concluded that the found set belongs to the period of the early Middle Ages and may be associated with the Srostki culture. Keywords: Altai Territory, Zarinsky District, Starodrachenino, archaeological site, earlier Middle Ages, barrow, bit, adze, arrowhead
SOLYANKA - FORT-SANCTUARY IN THE FLOODPLAIN OF THE KUDA RIVER (BAIKAL REGION)
Authors:   Irkutsk National Research Technical University, A. KHARINSKII ,   IrkutskState University, M. PORTNIAGIN ,   Irkutsk National Research Technical University, G. Ivanov ,   Irkutsk Museum of Regional Studies
Published: October 2021

Ancient sanctuaries located on elevated areas became known to archaeologists in the territory of the Kudinskaya Valley (Baikal region) at the end of the 19th century. Their territory is separated from the surrounding area by protective structures -ramparts or ditches. In this regard, they received the name of the fort-sanctuary. Rituals dedicated to heavenly deities were held on their territory. Currently, such archaeological sites are dated within the Ist -beginning of the 2nd millennium AD. In 2019, earth reconnaissance work was carried out at one of the ancient sanctuaries located in the Solyanka area. Unlike other sanctuary settlements, Solyanka is located in the floodplain of the river on a small hill surrounded by a ditch. The diameter of the sanctuary is 36 m. Judging by its geomorphological position, it was probably dedicated to the owner of the Kuda River or the valley along which it flows. To the south of the ancient sanctuary is the modern sanctuary. On it, the Buryat population conducts rites dedicated to “the owner of the area”. In its center there is a wooden pole serge, near which there is a hearth, benches and tables used for the ritual. Keywords: Baikal region, Kuda Valley, ancient fort -sanctuary, ditch, serge, pit work
VIRTUAL EXHIBITION “THE SISTERS OF CHARITY” AND ITS ROLE IN MUSEUM THINGS ATTRIBUTION (FROM THE RESEARCH EXPERIENCE OF THE "KUZNETSK FORTRESS" MUSEUM RESERVE)
Authors:   “Kuznetsk fortress” Museum-reserve, Yu. KAUFMANN
Published: October 2021

The article considers a problem of digital exhibitions at museum website. Their popularity was growing along with application of new techniques and became an essential part of museum practice. The article provides the merits of such projects. The author analyzes the degree of importance of the response of an interested visitor to the exhibition on the site. Information held in family archives helps to date and describe museum items. The author characterizes the amount of scientific work on the exhibits carried out by the staff, the main problems identified in the process. The article contains a fragment of the informational block of the exhibition dedicated to the sisters of mercy (history of the Tobolsk Nikolaevskaya community, its employees and activities). The author describes the informant’s assistance in identifying one of the community sisters, depicted in the photographs from the museum’s funds. A visitor to the site had a copy of one of the photographs with signatures, which helped to establish the truth. The article concludes that the availability of the Internet made it possible to accurately describe the exhibit, which makes the value of virtual exhibitions obvious. Keywords: virtual exhibition, Tobolsk, sisters ofmercy, community, photography, exhibit
COOPERATION WITH THE “GOROD” MUSEUM WITHIN THE FRAMEWORK OF THE “MEMENTO MORI” PROJECT
Authors:   Altai State University, E. NOVOZHILOVA
Published: October 2021

This article presents the experience of the project collaboration “Memento mori” and the museum “Gorod” as a part of the organization of excursion and exhibition activities. The Project “Memento mori” is a personal exhibition ofhistorical reconstruction of mummies and skulls. The article outlines all the stages of the project from the idea to its objectification: defining the concept of the exposition, reconstruction of exhibits, exhibition decoration design, methodical development of the excursion, advertising campaign demonstration. The creation of an exhibition is a time - consuming process, requiring profound research. Analysis of joint activities, represented in the article, reflects positive and negative aspects of work. The material will be useful for students, who specialize in “Museology and Protection of Cultural and Natural Objects”, also for museum staff and for all people who are interested in this topic. Keywords: museum, exhibition, reconstruction, skulls, mummies, design, 3D technology
PERSONAL COLLECTION OF THE TEACHER T.G. MITKOVSKAYA IN THE COLLECTION OF THE MUSEUM OF HISTORY OF EDUCATION NAMED AFTER P.P. KOSTENKOV
Authors:   Altai State Pedagogical University, Yu. SHCHERBAKOVA
Published: October 2021

The article analyzes the sources of items from the personal collection of the teacher of mathematics T.G. Mitkovskaya - the graduate of Barnaul State Pedagogical Institute, Honored Teacher of the Russian Federation, Hero of Socialist Labor of the USSR. She worked all her life in a secondary school in the village of Talmenka, Altai Krai. She has 45 years of pedagogical experience. The total length of pedagogical experience is 45 years. The composition of the personal collection is described: household items (clothing), educational literature, printed and handwritten documents, photos. Attention is focused on the historical and memorial value of unique documents and museum objects, on their properties of informativeness and expressiveness. Examples of the use of the collection items in the museum’s exposition and the popularization of the achievements of graduates of a pedagogical university in the Altai Krai are given. The article reveals cultural and educational potential of the memorial exposition dedicated to the outstanding teacher for the students of the pedagogical university and the museum as an institute of social memory. Keywords: museum, museum holdings, exposition, Barnaul Pedagogical Institute, mathematics teacher, Hero of Socialist Labor
Aplicação de isótopos estáveis de carbono no estudo das mudanças climáticas e ambientais
Authors: Novello Valdir Felipe , Campos Marília de Carvalho , Chiessi Cristiano Mazur , Paula-Santos Gustavo Macedo de , Pessenda Luiz Carlos Ruiz , Gomes Taciana , Utida Giselle , Cruz Francisco William da
Published: October 2021

O carbono está presente em uma ampla variedade de reservatórios naturais como rochas, solos, oceanos e atmosfera e é um dos principais componentes dos organismos vivos. As razões entre os seus dois isótopos mais abundantes 12C e 13C, descritas pela notação δ13C, são fundamentais para o entendimento da dinâmica e evolução desses reservatórios. O fracionamento entre 12C e 13C ocorre principalmente pela fotossíntese, que incorpora preferencialmente 12C nas moléculas orgânicas, que por sua vez determinam os valores de δ13C de grande parte da biota, além de outros materiais. Por exemplo, no caso das plantas, sua assinatura isotópica pode ser transferida ao solo e posteriormente a espeleotemas de cavernas ou a sedimentos transportados pelos rios e depositados nos oceanos. Outro exemplo seria o caso da fotossíntese de algas marinhas que afeta a assinatura isotópica da água do mar, que é transferida para as carapaças carbonáticas de organismos marinhos, tal como foraminíferos. Os valores de δ13C desses materiais (i.e., moléculas orgânicas, espeleotemas, foraminíferos) estão intimamente relacionados com as condições climáticas e ambientais nas quais os mesmos se formaram. Nessa revisão, apresentamos como se dá a dinâmica do δ13C nas plantas, solos, rochas e oceanos e como o estudo desses reservatórios nos revela informações a respeito do clima e do ambiente do presente e do passado, além de propiciar o entendimento de processos biológicos e geológicos. Os exemplos analisados aqui tratam principalmente de estudos de reconstituições paleoambientais e paleoclimáticas desenvolvidas no território brasileiro e no oceano adjacente.
Contribuição dos isótopos naturais de urânio no estudo da movimentação das águas subterrâneas
Authors: Mancini Luís Henrique , Bonotto Daniel Marcos
Published: October 2021

O urânio é um elemento litófilo, concentrando-se preferencialmente nas rochas ígneas ácidas ao invés das básicas/ultrabásicas. Sua abundância crustal média corresponde a 2,5 μg/g, possuindo dois isótopos primários, o 238U (~99,3%) e o 235U (~0,7%). Apesar da importância tecnológica do 235U, por ser o isótopo físsil que forma a base de produção de energia nuclear, verifica-se que a sua contribuição como fonte natural de radioatividade é pequena, pois a atividade específica do 238U é cerca de 20 vezes maior que a do 235U. Os isótopos 238U e 235U são geradores de séries de decaimento radioativo, possuindo o 238U um número maior de descendentes, muitos dos quais de longa meia-vida, como é o caso do 234U, que é formado na série do 238U a partir da seguinte sequência: 238U (4,49 Ga, α) → 234Th (24,1 dias, β-) → 234Pa (1,18 min, β-) → 234U (248 ka, α) →... Tanto 238U quanto 234U são emissores de partículas alfa e, nas águas subterrâneas, a avaliação da extensão do desequilíbrio radioativo entre esses isótopos de urânio, a partir da década de 1960, tem permitido o desenvolvimento de inúmeras pesquisas de interesse hidrogeológico. Os mecanismos principais que explicam esse desequilíbrio são a lixiviação seletiva de 234U em relação a 238U no retículo cristalino dos minerais e o processo de recuo alfa que introduz 234Th na fase líquida, o qual decai por emissão beta para 234Pa e este para 234U, também por emissão beta, ocasionando enriquecimento de 234U nas águas subterrâneas, isto é, razões de atividade 234U/238U superiores à unidade. Essas razões, juntamente com a concentração do urânio dissolvido, têm sido consideravelmente utilizadas em aplicações hidrológicas, como será descrito neste trabalho.
Acute Liver Injury as a Manifestation of Secondary Syphilis
Authors: Shah Jamil , Lingiah Vivek , Niazi Mumtaz , Olivo-Salcedo Raquel , Pyrsopoulos Nikolaos , Galan Mark , Shahidullah Abul
Published: October 2021

In the United States, the incidence of new cases of syphilis has been rising. The number of cases of primary and secondary syphilis has continued to increase almost every year over the past 2 decades. Secondary syphilis has a variety of clinical manifestations. A frequently overlooked presentation is that of syphilitic hepatitis, which should be part of the differential diagnosis for patients with elevated liver enzymes, a maculopapular rash, and/or risk factors for contracting syphilis. In this study, we report a rare and unusual case of a man with a remote history of syphilis infection who developed acute liver injury.
Observations on Optometry in the Veteran's Administration from an Optometric Educator's Perspective
Authors: Amos John F.
Published: October 2021

This invited address was presented at the 42nd Annual Meeting of the National Association of Veteran’s Administration Optometrists (NAVAO), Thursday, October 24, 2019, Hyatt Regency Hotel, Orlando, FL. This paper discusses medicine, dentistry, and optometry’s entry into the Veteran’s Administrations System as well as optometry’s many challenges to become an Optometry Service. It also reviews the many challenges the profession has faced as it has endeavored to increase the number of VA optometry staff positions and the educational experience of optometry students, residents and fellows in providing eye care for America’s veterans.
Optometry and the Department of Veterans Affairs
Authors: Newcomb Robert D.
Published: October 2021

This paper discusses the history of optometry in the Department of Veterans Affairs (VA), starting from minimum involvement and developing into an extensive level of activity benefiting both the profession of optometry and the VA. The author also recounts experiences which led him to a career in optometric education and work in VA optometry.
An endophyte Paenibacillus dendritiformis strain APL3 promotes Amaranthus polygonoides L. sprout growth and their extract inhibits food-borne pathogens
Authors: Radhakrishnan Ramalingam , Ajithkumar P , Arun Muthukrishnan , Sathasivam Ramaraj , Sandhya S , Choi Jaehyuk , Pradeep B V , Park Sang Un
Published: October 2021

Green leafy vegetables are rich sources of antioxidants and minerals, which prevent food-borne pathogen infections during our diet. This study was aimed to isolate and identify the plant growth-promoting endophytic bacterium from several plant species to enhance the growth of Amaranthus polygonoides L. and their antimicrobial potential against food-borne pathogens. Seven endophytic bacterial isolates were tested on two Amaranthus species to identify the suitable beneficial bacterium. The antioxidants capacity and antimicrobial activity of bacterial isolate (APL3) treated plants were analyzed. The bacterial isolate, APL3 showed a significantly higher growth of A. polygonoides L. than other isolates. It was identified as Paenibacillus dendritiformis strain APL3 by 16S rRNA gene sequencing and phylogenetic analysis. The endophyte (APL3) treated A. polygonoides L. sprouts had higher antioxidants potentials and significantly inhibited the growth of Escherichia coli, Salmonella sp., Staphylococcus sp. and Pseudomonas sp. The results of the present study suggest that utilization of P. dendritiformis strain APL3 triggers the growth of A. polygonoides L. and induces metabolic changes in plants to improve their antimicrobial properties to prevent foodborne pathogens.
The challenges of productive materials processing with ultrafast lasers
Authors: Weber Rudolf , Graf Thomas
Published: October 2021

Materials processing with ultrafast lasers with pulse durations in the range between about 100 fs and 10 ps enable very promising and emerging high-tech applications. Moreover, the average power of such lasers is steadily increasing; multi kilowatt systems have been demonstrated in laboratories and will be ready for the market in the next few years, allowing a significantly increase in productivity. However, the implementation of ultrafast laser processes in applications is very challenging due to fundamental physical limitations. In this paper, the main limitations will be discussed. These include limitations resulting from the physical material properties such as the ablation depth and the optimal fluence, from processing parameters such as air-breakdown and heat accumulation, from the processing system such as thermal focus shift, and from legal regulations due to the potential emission of soft X-rays.
High-power modelocked thin-disk oscillators as potential technology for high-rate material processing
Authors: Wang Yicheng , Tomilov Sergei , Saraceno Clara J.
Published: October 2021

High average power femtosecond lasers have made spectacular progress in the last decades – moving from laboratory-based systems with maximum average powers of tens of watts to kilowatt-class mature industrial systems in a short time. The availability of such systems opens new possibilities in many fields; one of the most prominent ones that have driven many of these technological advances is precise high-speed material processing, where ultrashort pulses have long been recognized to provide highest precision processing of virtually any material, and high average power extends these capabilities to highest processing rates. Here, we focus our attention on one high-average power technology with large unexplored potential for this specific application: directly modelocked multi-MHz repetition frequency high-power thin-disk oscillators. We review their latest state-of-the-art and discuss future directions and challenges, specifically with this application field in mind.
Identification of novel drought-responsive miRNA regulatory network of drought stress response in common vetch (Vicia sativa)
Authors: Zhu Yongqun , Liu Qiuxu , Xu Wenzhi , Yao Li , Wang Xie , Wang Hong , Xu Yalin , Li Linxiang , Duan Chunhua , Yi Zhixin , Lin Chaowen
Published: October 2021

Drought is among the most important natural disasters with severe effects on animals and plants. MicroRNAs are a class of noncoding RNAs that play a crucial role in plant growth, development, and response to stress factors, including drought. However, the microRNAs in drought responses in common vetch (Vicia sativa), an annual herbaceous leguminous plant commonly used for forage by including it in mixed seeding during winter and spring, have not been characterized. To explore the microRNAs’ response to drought in common vetch, we sequenced 10 small RNA (sRNA) libraries by the next-generation sequencing technology. We obtained 379 known miRNAs belonging to 38 families and 47 novel miRNAs. The two groups had varying numbers of differentially expressed miRNAs: 85 in the comparison group D5 vs C5 and 38 in the comparison group D3 vs C3. Combined analysis of mRNA and miRNA in the same samples under drought treatment identified 318 different target genes of 123 miRNAs. Functional annotation of the target genes revealed that the miRNAs regulate drought-responsive genes, such as leucine-rich repeat receptor-like kinase-encoding genes (LRR-RLKs), ABC transporter G family member 1 (ABCG1), and MAG2-interacting protein 2 (MIP2). The genes were involved in various pathways, including cell wall biosynthesis, reactive oxygen removal, and protein transport. The findings in this study provide new insights into the miRNA-mediated regulatory networks of drought stress response in common vetch.
A Quantitative and Network Approach to Alignment Effects in L2 Continuation Tasks
Authors: Chen Heng
Published: October 2021

The present study employed a quantitative and network approach to detect alignment effects in second language (L2) continuation tasks designed on the xu-argument (Wang, 2016). The materials used in this study were 6 sub-corpora consisting of two selected input stories and two groups of L2 written production based on two continuation tasks. During continuation, the participants were required to continue in English a story with its ending removed, with one group reading and continuing the Chinese version and the other group the English version, and then switching their roles in the two tasks. Results show that the alignment effect differs across the two versions of continuation. Specifically, compared with the Chinese-version continuation, L2 learners produced more use of unigrams and bigrams similar to the input story in terms of lexical items, frequency and ranking correlations in the English-version task; on the other hand, the English-version continuation can facilitate generating linguistic networks that are much closer to the native English networks. Moreover, this research corroborates that written production in L2 continuation tasks can be influenced by input content.
Norse-derived vocabulary in La estorie del evangelie
Authors: Pons-Sanz Sara M.
Published: October 2021

While the study of Norse-derived terms in medieval English has benefitted from recent etymological advances (e.g. the Gersum project), the exploration of their process of integration lags behind. The latter requires the analysis of the dialectal and semantic distribution of the terms, as well as their interactions with other members of their lexico-semantic fields. This paper offers a case study of this approach by presenting the first comprehensive account of the Norse-derived terms included in La estorie del evangelie, an early Middle English poem from south Lincolnshire/north Norfolk. Besides identifying and classifying the Norse loans on the basis of the Gersum typology and the Historical thesaurus of English, the paper examines the different layers of scribal reworking in its seven fourteenth- and fifteenth-century manuscripts from various dialectal areas to separate the Norse-derived terms that can be attributed to the original composition from those that represent later lexical substitutions, thus tracing the terms’ fate into the late Middle English period. This work shows that this understudied text offers valuable information on the interaction between native, Norse and French terms both in the early Middle English period of the original Fenland author and the later period of the surviving copies. Given that the methodology showcased here should not be restricted only to the analysis of Norse-derived terms, the paper’s significance transcends its immediate focus, as it also contributes to our understanding of medieval English lexicology more broadly.
Research on high-temperature mechanical properties of wellhead and downhole tool steel in offshore multi-round thermal recovery
Authors: Zhang Binqi , Ju Shaodong , Liu Chuangang , Ma Yingwen , Chen Haiyan , Fan Li
Published: October 2021

High-temperature tensile tests at 25, 150, 250, and 350°C were carried out on 30CrMo, 42CrMo, 1Cr13, and 304 steels. The changes in tensile strength, yield strength, elongation, and area reduction ratio with temperature were determined. By analyzing the fracture morphology and the relationship between strength and hardness, the influence of high-temperature mechanical properties on crack sensitivity and the mechanism of crack formation is discussed. Experimental results indicated that both the tensile and yield strengths of the four steels gradually decrease with the increase in temperature. The yield ratios of 30CrMo, 42CrMo, 1Cr13, and 304 steels are, respectively, 0.71–0.77, 0.79–0.86, 0.84–0.88, and 0.33–0.40 which shows that among the four steels, 304 has the best ductility, while 1Cr13 has the worst ductility. As for the four steels, the values of reduction ratio of area are greater than 60%, except for 42CrMo which is slightly lower than 60% at 150 and 250°C, indicating that the four steels have low crack sensitivity within the test temperature range. Ductile fracture is the main fracture mechanism for 30CrMo, 42CrMo, and 304 steel, whereas brittle fracture is predominant for 1Cr13. There is a linear regression relationship between the strength and hardness at different temperatures. The obtained linear regression relationship can be used to predict and estimate the strength of 30CrMo, 42CrMo, 1Cr13, and 304 steels at different temperatures according to the hardness results.
Dephosphorization behavior of reduced iron and the properties of high-P-containing slag
Authors: Liu Liwei , Li Guofeng , Li Yanfeng , Zhao Libing
Published: October 2021

Reduced iron (1.74% P) is produced from oolitic hematite ore by coal-based reduction and magnetic separation. To realize the comprehensive utilization of Fe and P, the dephosphorization behavior of the reduced iron is investigated in the presence of CaO–SiO2–FeO–Al2O3 slag. The P content of the final iron and the P2O5 content of the high-P-containing slag are determined, and the phase composition and P2O5 solubility of the slag are analyzed. The P content can be decreased to 0.2% when the initial slag has a basicity of 3.5 and contains 55% FeO and 6% Al2O3. The phases of the high-P-containing slag are mainly Ca2Al2SiO7, Ca2SiO4, Ca5(PO4)2SiO4, and FeO, and P exists in the form of Ca5(PO4)2SiO4. Excessively high basicity or low content of FeO and Al2O3 results in free CaO, which affects the dephosphorization results. The change rule of the intensity of the Ca5(PO4)2SiO4 diffraction peak agrees well with the dephosphorization indexes, which further verify the accuracy of the dephosphorization experiments. Moreover, the P2O5 content and P2O5 solubility of the high-P-containing slag reached as high as 14.41 and 94.54%, respectively, indicating that it can be used as a phosphate fertilizer.
Documenting the Ikpana interrogative system
Authors: Kandybowicz Jason , Obi Bertille Baron , Duncan Philip T. , Katsuda Hironori
Published: October 2021

This article provides a comprehensive treatment of the interrogative system of Ikpana (ISO 639-3: lgq), an endangered language spoken in the southeastern part of Ghana’s Volta region. The article features a description and analysis of both the morphosyntax and intonation of questions in the language. Polar questions in Ikpana are associated with dedicated prosodic patterns and may be segmentally marked. As for wh- interrogatives, Ikpana allows for optional wh- movement. Interrogative expressions may appear clause-internally in their base-generated positions or in the left periphery followed by one of two optionally droppable particles with distinct syntactic properties. In this way, wh- movement structures are either focus-marked constructions or cleft structures depending on the accompanying particle. We identify an interesting wh- movement asymmetry – unlike all other wh- movement structures, ‘how’ questions may not be formed via the focus-marked or cleft strategy. We document a number of other attested wh- structures in the language, including long-distance wh- movement, partial wh- movement, long-distance wh- in-situ, and multiple wh- questions. We argue that by allowing our documentation efforts to be shaped and guided by theoretically driven research questions, we reach deeper levels of description than would have been possible if approached from a purely descriptive-documentary perspective.
Requirements for electronic laboratory reports according to the German guideline Rili-BAEK and ISO 15189
Authors: Bietenbeck Andreas , Cadamuro Janne , Holdenrieder Stefan , Leichtle Alexander Benedikt , Ludwig Amei , von Meyer Alexander , Nauck Matthias , Orth Matthias , Özçürümez Mustafa , Ponader Alexander , Streichert Thomas , Strobl Dominik , Tolios Alexander , Wiegel Bernhard , Gassner Ulrich
Published: October 2021

Objectives

Legal regulations and guidelines such as the Guidelines of the German Medical Association for the Quality Assurance of Laboratory Medical Examinations (Rili-BAEK) and ISO 15189 apply to electronic laboratory reports. However, many laboratories struggle with practical implementation of these regulations and guidelines.

Methods

Laboratory and legal experts analyse the relevant guidelines and provide checklists and practical recommendations for implementation.

Results

Laboratories have less control over the display of electronic laboratory reports than over paper documents. However, an electronic report alone is legally sufficient and need not be accompanied by a paper copy. Rili-BAEK and ISO 15189 stipulate a set of minimum information in every report. The laboratory must verify that reports are transmitted and displayed correctly. To help laboratories do so, agreements between laboratories and the report recipients can clarify responsibilities.

Conclusions

Electronic laboratory reports can improve patient care, but laboratories need to verify their quality. Towards this end, Rili-BAEK and ISO 15189 set out helpful provisions.
Synthesis and crystal structure of 5-(8-((3-carboxyazetidin-1-ium-1-yl)methyl)-7-hydroxy-4-oxo-4H-chromen-3-yl)-2-hydroxybenzenesulfonate monohydrate, C20H19NO10S
Authors: Chen Hai-Lin , Huang Xiu‑Xiang , Yao Dong‑Mei , Wang Yan‑Ping , Lu Xiao‑Bing
Published: October 2021

C20H19NO10S, triclinic,

P

1
‾

$P‾{1}$

(no. 2), a = 8.3470(2) Å, b = 9.6701(2) Å, c = 12.9523(3) Å, α = 102.413(2)°, β = 103.199(2)°, γ = 97.753(2)°, V = 975.26(4) Å3, Z = 2, R
gt(F) = 0.0439, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1244, T = 100(1) K.
Study on acoustic radiation response characteristics of sound barriers
Authors: Jin Jiyong , Zhu Congyun , Wu Rui , Liu Yanming , Li Miao
Published: October 2021

The influence of acoustic radiation is considered in the prediction of noise attenuation effect of sound barrier, which provides a theoretical reference for further improving the insertion loss of sound barrier. Based on the theory of thin plate vibration, the vibration mode and natural frequencies of sound barrier under arbitrary boundary conditions are established by using two-dimensional beam function method, and the forced vibration response of the sound barrier is calculated based on the modal superposition method. MATLAB software (MathWorks Company, Natick, Massachusetts, USA) is used to calculate the natural frequencies and the radiated sound power level of the sound barrier, which indicated that the sound radiation caused by external excitation would significantly increase the sound pressure level at the received point, which should be considered as one of the influencing factors in the prediction of noise attenuation effect. The influence of diverse structural parameters on the radiated acoustic power is compared, providing an excellent reference for the design of sound barrier with low noise.
GameStop im Lichte der MAR
Authors: Sajnovits Alexander
Published: October 2021

In sozialen Medien koordinierter Aktien- und Optionshandel von Privatanlegern hat den Kurs der GameStop-Aktie im Januar 2021 in schwindelerregende Höhen getrieben, insbesondere, weil die im sozialen Netzwerk Reddit kommunizierenden Anleger durch ihre Zukäufe vor allem Leerverkäufer in GameStop „in die Ecke drängen“ konnten (sog. short squeeze). Auf dem Höhepunkt der Rallye erließen dann mehrere Broker in den USA aber auch in Deutschland Kaufbeschränkungen, was einen vorübergehenden beträchtlichen Kursverlust zur Folge hatte. Der Beitrag bewertet vergleichbare Geschehnisse im Lichte der MAR. Dabei zeigt sich, dass das europäische Marktmissbrauchsrecht dem – durchaus Marktverwerfungspotential zukommenden – semi-koordinierten Verhalten von Privatanlegern in sozialen Medien derzeit keine praktisch relevanten Grenzen zieht. Durch Broker ad hoc auferlegte Handelsbeschränkungen stellen sich dagegen nur unter engen Voraussetzungen als vertrags- und aufsichtsrechtlich legitimes Verhalten dar.
The first-order phase transition of melting for molecular crystals by Frost–Kalkwarf vapor- and sublimation-pressure equations
Authors: Matsumoto Akira
Published: October 2021

Thermodynamic quantities in the coexistence of the liquid and the solid phases for Frost–Kalkwarf vapor- and sublimation-pressure equations are investigated at an isobaric process. Gibbs free energy changes in the gaseous and the liquid phases, ΔG
GL, has been derived from the Frost–Kalkwarf vapor-pressure equation. Similarly, Gibbs free energy changes in the gaseous and the solid phases, ΔG
GS, may be estimated by the Frost–Kalkwarf sublimation-pressure equations which are determined by data of sublimation pressures and temperatures for 24 substances. In coexistence between the liquid and the solid phases, Gibbs free energy changes in the liquid and the solid phases, ΔG
LS, may be expressed as the difference of ΔG
GL and ΔG
GS. The melting temperatures and enthalpy changes of melting are evaluated by numerical calculations for 24 substances. The behaviors of H2O for the neighborhood at the melting and the boiling points are investigated. The Gibbs free energy indicates two polygonal lines. Entropy, volume and enthalpy jump from the solid to the liquid phase at the melting point and from the liquid to the gaseous phase at the boiling point. The heat capacity does not diverge to infinity but shows a finite discrepancy at the melting and the boiling points. This suggests that first-order phase transitions at the melting and the boiling points may occur.
Absolwenci prawa rocznika 2018 na rynku pracy
Authors:   Szkoła Głowna Handlowa w Warszawie, Rocki Marek , Werner Aleksander
Published: October 2021

Data collected in the Polish graduate tracking system (ELA) allow for the analysis of graduates' preparation to the requirements of the labor market. The scope of data allows, among other things, to indicate the differences between the modes of study, and more importantly, between universities offering the same field of study. The article discusses the situation of 2018 graduates in law one year after graduating. The presented results show that students who took up employment during their studies do better: they look for a job for a shorter time and receive higher salaries. In the studied group of law graduates, the experience of unemployment for full-time graduates is 28.37%, but in the case of people with work experience, it is half as much (14.57%). In the case of part-time studies, the experience of unemployment is lower and amounts to 17.56% (people with work experience: 16.61%).