bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The effect of concurrent resistance-aerobic training on serum cortisol level, anxiety, and quality of life in pediatric type 1 diabetes
Authors: Nazari Marzieh , Shabani Ramin , Dalili Setila
Published: April 2020

Background

Given the importance of anxiety and quality of life for the mental health of children with type 1 diabetes (T1D), exercise prescription can be of crucial significance. The present study aims to explore the effect of concurrent resistance-aerobic training on serum cortisol level, anxiety, and quality of life among pediatric T1D.

Methods

Forty children (aged 8–14 years) were randomly assigned to experimental (n = 20) and control groups (n = 20) for 16 weeks. The exercise training program was composed of 16 weeks of interval concurrent resistance-aerobic training with a duration of 60 min performed three times a week. The subjects first performed the resistance training (20 min of Pilates exercises and 20 min of body weight-bearing exercises). Then, the aerobic exercises were performed with an intensity of 50–75% of maximum heart rate. Before and after the training, blood tests including cortisol were carried out on the subjects by RIA kit. Anxiety and quality of life were measured by the Revised Children’s Manifest Anxiety Scale (RCMAS) and Pediatric Quality of Life (PedsQL), respectively. Body composition was measured by InBody. Data were analyzed by paired and independent t-test at p < 0.05 significance level.

Results

Sixteen weeks of concurrent resistance-aerobic exercise significantly reduced the anxiety index (p = 0.001) and increased the quality of life (p = 0.003). Although the cortisol index was increased, it did not reveal any significant differences between the experimental and control groups (p = 0.781). No significant differences were observed in the indices of quality of life, anxiety, and cortisol in the control group.

Conclusions

A 16-week program of concurrent resistance-aerobic training can improve the quality of life and anxiety among children suffering from T1D, but it may not influence the cortisol level (p > 0.05).
Multi-objective optimization of injection-molded plastic parts using entropy weight, random forest, and genetic algorithm methods
Authors: Cao Yanli , Fan Xiying , Guo Yonghuan , Li Sai , Huang Haiyue
Published: April 2020

The qualities of injection-molded parts are affected by process parameters. Warpage and volume shrinkage are two typical defects. Moreover, insufficient or excessively large clamping force also affects the quality of parts and the cost of the process. An experiment based on the orthogonal design was conducted to minimize the above defects. Moldflow software was used to simulate the injection process of each experiment. The entropy weight was used to determine the weight of each index, the comprehensive evaluation value was calculated, and multi-objective optimization was transformed into single-objective optimization. A regression model was established by the random forest (RF) algorithm. To further illustrate the reliability and accuracy of the model, back-propagation neural network and kriging models were taken as comparative algorithms. The results showed that the error of RF was the smallest and its performance was the best. Finally, genetic algorithm was used to search for the minimum of the regression model established by RF. The optimal parameters were found to improve the quality of plastic parts and reduce the energy consumption. The plastic parts manufactured by the optimal process parameters showed good quality and met the requirements of production.
A consistent model for the key complex in chronic beryllium disease
Authors: Berger Raphael J.F. , Håkansson Pär , Mera-Adasme Raúl
Published: April 2020

A hypothesis on the structure of the key complex in chronic beryllium disease (CBD) is discussed with respect to the current knowledge on CBD, and with respect to the constraints implied by the coordination chemistry of beryllium and experimental data on the engaged protein complexes. The structure hypothesis is based on the [Be4O]6+ moiety as a coordination center, which is also found in the so called “basic beryllium carboxylates”. The structure of a small molecular model, optimized at the DFT level of theory, is used to compare the structural demands of this coordination center with a structure of the in vitro model of a beryllium immunoprotein complex determined previously by protein crystallography (Clayton & al., Cell
2014, 158, 132). 9Be NMR chemical shielding values, quadrupole coupling constants and asymmetry parameters (η) have been calculated.
Myopathy secondary to empagliflozin therapy in type 2 diabetes
Authors: Gao Frank , Hall Stephen , Bach Leon A
Published: April 2020

Sodium/glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors are novel oral hypoglycaemic agents that are increasingly used in the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). They are now recommended as second-line pharmacotherapy (in conjunction with metformin) in patients with type 2 diabetes and established atherosclerotic heart disease, heart failure or chronic kidney disease due to their favourable effects on cardiovascular and renal outcomes. We report a case of a 69-year-old man who developed muscle pain, weakness and wasting after commencing the SGLT2 inhibitor empagliflozin. This persisted for 1 year before he underwent resistance testing, which confirmed muscle weakness. His symptoms resolved within weeks of ceasing empagliflozin, with improvement in muscle strength on clinical assessment and resistance testing and reversal of MRI changes. No other cause of myopathy was identified clinically, on biochemical assessment or imaging, suggesting that empagliflozin was the cause of his myopathy.

Learning points:

Empagliflozin, a commonly used SGLT2 inhibitor, was associated with myopathy.

A high degree of suspicion is required to diagnose drug-induced myopathy, with a temporal relationship between starting the medication and symptom onset being the main indicator.

Recognition of drug-induced myopathy is essential, as discontinuation of the offending drug typically improves symptoms.
Control de intensidad en entrenamiento de flexibilidad
Authors: Conceição Mario Cesar , Dantas Estélio
Published: April 2020

La flexibilidad es uno de los componentes que conforman el estado físico. Sin embargo, entre todos los componentes, sigue siendo uno de los menos estudiados. Analizar la cualidad física flexibilidad y sus respectivas metodologías de entrenamiento considerando su intensidad de trabajo. Se realizó una revisión de la literatura. La variación de las intensidades de entrenamiento de flexibilidad permite la realización de diferentes trabajos. Estiramiento para intensidades submáximas y Flexionamiento para intensidades máximas. El control de las intensidades de entrenamiento de flexibilidad es fundamental para el logro de una buena planificación y preparación física adecuada para el objetivo idealizado.
Peran Majelis Ulama Indonesia Dalam Mitigasi Pandemi Covid-19 (Tinjauan Tindakan Sosial dan Dominasi Kekuasaan Max Weber)
Authors: Mushodiq Muhamad Agus , Imron Ali
Published: April 2020

AbstrakTulisan ini bertujuan untuk mengungkap motif-motif Majelis Ulama Indonesia (MUI) dalam menerbitkan fatwa peribadatan masyarakat muslim saat Pandemi COVID-19. Dalam mengekskplore motif tersebut, penulis menggunakan teori tindakan sosial dan dominasi kekuasaan yang digagas oleh Max Weber. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian kualitatif, peneliti melakukan deskripsi dan interpretasi data dari sumber primer yang diambil dari situs resmi MUI dan data lain yang mendukung hasil penelitian. Adapun hasil dari tulisan ini adalah: Pertama, melalui sudut pandang tindakan sosial Max Weber, MUI merupakan aktor dari tindakan sosial keagamaan yang mengharapkan masyarakat muslim Indonesia terpengaruh dengan anjuran-anjuran model ibadah saat Pandemi COVID-19 melalui fatwa yang diterbitkan. Kedua, motif tindakan sosial keagamaan MUI melalui fatwa yang diterbitkan mengandung tiga motif dominan, yaitu instrumentally rational, value rational, dan traditional. Ketiga, motif instrumentally rational dalam fatwa mengacu pada berbagai macam model peribadatan yang dianggap paling masuk akal dipraktikkan untuk memutus rantai penyebaran COVID-19 dan mewujudkan daruratu khams. Keempat, dari segi motif value rational, MUI menggunakan nilai-nilai dari Agama Islam yang bersumber dari Alquran, Hadis, dan Kaidah Fikih yang bersifat rasional-dinamis dan sarat akan probabilitas sehingga melahirkan alternatif-alternatif peribadatan yang dapat dijadikan sebagai mitigasi wabah COVID-19. Kelima, dari segi motif tradisional, MUI berupaya untuk meneruskan tradisi para Nabi dan Sahabat ketika menghadapi wabah (taun), sehingga model peribadatan yang mereka anjurkan merupakan upaya meneruskan tradisi sebelumnya dengan pendekatan hermeneutis, Keenam, dominasi Kekuasaan MUI sebagai otoritas yang menentukan hal wajib dan haram dalam peribadatan masa Pandemik COVID-19 dibangun atas dua model, yaitu dominasi kekuasaan legal dan dominasi kekuasaan kharismatik. Ketujuh, untuk konteks keindonesiaan organized religion seperti MUI sangat penting perannya dalam upaya mitigasi Pandemi COVID-19 karena banyak masyarakat muslim yang bersikap teodisi, fatalistic, dan determinan dalam beragama sehingga perlu dibina dan diarahkan.Kata Kunci: Tindakan Sosial; Dominasi Kekuasaan; COVID-19; Mitigasi, Fatwa MUI.
Konstitusionalitas Pemerintah Daerah dalam Menetapkan Kebijakan Lockdown pada Penananganan Covid-19
Authors: Wadi Raines
Published: April 2020

AbstrakDisparitas kebijakan antara Pemerintah Pusat dengan Pemerintah Daerah dalam penanganan wabah penyakit Covid-19 mengalami diskursus dalam masyarakat. Diskursus tersebut dikarenakan kewenangan dalam penanganan wabah Covid-19 adalah kewenangan dari Pemerintah Pusat dan kedudukan Pemerintah Daerah hanya sebagai sub-ordinat. Namun, pada praktiknya kebijakan yang diambil oleh Pemerintah Pusat, justru menciptakan suatu ketidakpastian hukum karena tidak mengikuti mekanisme penanganan wabah penyakit sebagaimana dituangkan dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 6 Tahun 2018 tentang Karantina Kesehatan dan menciptakan suatu ketidakpastian hukum dengan menetapkan Darurat Sipil sebagai tahap akhir dan tidak sesuai dengan mekanisme kekarantinaan kesehatan dalam UU a quo. Di sisi lain, Pemerintah Daerah justru konsisten dalam penanganan wabah Covid-19 dengan menetapkan kebijakan yang sesuai dengan UU a quo yaitu menetapkan suatu Karantina Wilayah (Lockdown). Oleh karena itu, tulisan ini bertujuan mengurai konstitusionalitas dari kebijakan Lockdown yang diambil oleh Pemerintah Daerah dalam penanganan Covid-19 ditinjau dari perspektif konstitusi dan pelaksanaan otonomi daerah. Metode yang digunakan dalam tulisan ini ialah normatif-yuridis dengan pendekatan peraturan perundang-undangan (statute approach) dan pendekatan konseptual (conceptual approach).Kata kunci: Otonomi Daerah, Ketidakpastian Hukum, LockdownAbstractDifferent policies between the Central Government and Regional Governments in handling the Covid-19 disease outbreak have implications for the discourse in the community. The discourse is due to the authority in handling the Covid-19 outbreak is the authority of the Central Government and the position of the Regional Government only as sub-ordinate. However, in practice the policy taken by the Central Government, in fact creates a legal uncertainty because it does not follow the mechanism for handling disease outbreaks as outlined in act of Health Quarantine and stipulates Civil Emergency as the final stage and not in accordance with the mechanism of health quarantine in the act of Health Quarantine. Therefore, this paper aims to unravel the constitutionality of the Lockdown policy adopted by the Regional Government in handling Covid-19 in terms of the perspective of the constitution and the implementation of regional autonomy. The method that used in this paper is a normative-juridical with a  statutory approach and a conceptual approach.Keywords: Regional Autonomy, Legal Uncertainty, Lockdown.
Kebijakan Pemberian Insentif Pada Tenaga Medis Virus Corona Covid-19 Pendekatan Maslahah
Authors: Harisah Harisah
Published: April 2020

Abstrak Indonesia merupakan salah satu Negara terserang virus corona yang terjadi pada awal 2020, pada saat wabah virus corona menimpa Indonesia keadaan Negara belum siap untuk menghadapi, sehingga reaksi cepat sosialisasi pencegahan belum sempat dilakukan oleh Indonesia. Akhirnya penyebaran wabah virus corona ini menjadi hal yang sangat buruk bagi seluruh masyarakat Indonesia, karena banyak warga Indonesia yang terkena dampak penularan virus ini termasuk para tim kesehatan yang menjadi kelompok utama dalam menangani wabah virus ini. Oleh karenanya, pemerintah mengambil kebijakan untuk memberikan insentif bagi tim kesehatan yang berperang melawan virus corona guna memberikan kemaslahatan bagi tim kesehatan dan masyarakat umum. Penelitian menggunakan metode hukum normatif dengan tiga pendekatan yaitu; statute approach, case approach, dan philosophical approach. Data diperoleh dari kebijakan pemerintah kebijakan presiden, kebijakan gubernur DKI Jakarta, serta kebijakan lainnya. Hasil penelitian menyatakan bahwa tim kesehatan merupakan kelompok utama yang berperang melawan virus corona dengan risiko yang sangat tinggi, sehingga pemerintah perlu memberikan insentif sebagai upaya kemaslahatan dan dukungan terhadap tim kesehatan dalam melawan virus corona covid-19. Kata Kunci : Covid-19, Kebijakan, Insentif.
Treatments for internet addiction, sex addiction and compulsive buying: A meta-analysis
Authors: Goslar Martina , Leibetseder Max , Muench Hannah M. , Hofmann Stefan G. , Laireiter Anton-Rupert
Published: April 2020

Background and aims

Internet addiction, sex addiction and compulsive buying are common behavioral problems, which share similarities with gambling disorder and substance use disorders. However, little is known about the efficacy of their treatments. The objective of this meta-analysis was to examine the efficacy of the treatments of such problem behaviors, and to draw parallels to gambling disorder and substance use disorders in terms of treatment response.

Methods

Literature search yielded 91 studies totaling 3,531 participants to provide a comprehensive evaluation of the short-term and long-term efficacy of psychological, pharmacological and combined treatments for internet addiction, sex addiction, and compulsive buying.

Results

Psychological, pharmacological, and combined treatments were associated with robust pre-post improvements in the global severity of internet addiction (Hedges's g: 1.51, 1.13, and 2.51, respectively) and sex addiction (Hedges's g: 1.09, 1.21, and 1.91, respectively). For compulsive buying, psychological and pharmacological treatments were also associated with a large-sized pre-post reduction in global severity (Hedges's g: 1.00 and 1.52, respectively). The controlled pre-post and within-group pre-follow-up effect sizes were in the similar range, with few exceptions. Moderator analyses suggest that psychological interventions are effective for reducing compulsive behaviors, especially when delivered face-to-face and conducted over extended periods of time. Combinations of cognitive-behavioral approaches with medications showed an advantage over monotherapies.

Discussion and Conclusions

The results suggest that treatments for common behavioral addictions are effective in the short term, similar to those implemented for gambling disorder and substance use disorders, but more rigorous clinical trials are needed.
The protective effect of hesperidin against renal ischemia-reperfusion injury involves the TLR-4/NF-κB/iNOS pathway in rats
Authors: Meng X. , Wei M. , Wang D. , Qu X. , Zhang K. , Zhang N. , Li Xinjian
Published: April 2020

Renal injury is reported to have a high mortality rate. Additionally, there are several limitations to current conventional treatments that are used to manage it. This study evaluated the protective effect of hesperidin against ischemia/reperfusion (I/R)-induced kidney injury in rats. Renal injury was induced by generating I/R in kidney tissues. Rats were then treated with hesperidin at a dose of 10 or 20 mg/kg intravenously 1 day after surgery for a period of 14 days. The effect of hesperidin on renal function, serum mediators of inflammation, and levels of oxidative stress in renal tissues were observed in rat kidney tissues after I/R-induced kidney injury. Moreover, protein expression and mRNA expression in kidney tissues were determined using Western blotting and RT-PCR. Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining was done for histopathological observation of kidney tissues. The data suggest that the levels of blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine in the serum of hesperidin-treated rats were lower than in the I/R group. Treatment with hesperidin also ameliorated the altered level of inflammatory mediators and oxidative stress in I/R-induced renal-injured rats. The expression of p-IκBα, caspase-3, NF-κB p65, Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR-4) protein, TLR-4 mRNA, and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) was significantly reduced in the renal tissues of hesperidin-treated rats. Histopathological findings also revealed that treatment with hesperidin attenuated the renal injury in I/R kidney-injured rats. In conclusion, our results suggest that hesperidin protects against renal injury induced by I/R by involving TLR-4/NF-κB/iNOS signaling.
Taxamat: Automated biodiversity data management tool – Implications for microbiome studies
Authors: Vida A. , Bodrogi B.L. , Balogh B. , Bai P.
Published: April 2020

Working with biodiversity data is a computationally intensive process. Numerous applications and services provide options to deal with sequencing and taxonomy data. Professional statistics software are also available to analyze these type of data. However, in-between the two processes there is a huge need to curate biodiversity sample files. Curation involves creating summed abundance values for chosen taxonomy ranks, excluding certain taxa from analysis, and finally merging and downsampling data files. Very few tools, if any, offer a solution to this problem, thus we present Taxamat, a simple data management application that allows for curation of biodiversity data files before they can be imported to other statistics software. Taxamat is a downloadable application for automated curation of biodiversity data featuring taxonomic classification, taxon filtering, sample merging, and downsampling. Input and output files are compatible with most widely used programs. Taxamat is available on the web at http://www.taxamat.com either as a single executable or as an installable package for Microsoft Windows platforms.
Exercise promotes heart regeneration in aged rats by increasing regenerative factors in myocardial tissue
Authors: Eskandari A. , Soori R. , Choobineh S. , Mazaheri Tirani Z.
Published: April 2020

Exercise‐induced stem cell activation is implicated in cardiovascular regeneration. However, ageing limits the capacity of cellular and molecular remodelling of the heart. It has been shown that exercise improves structure regeneration and function in the process of ageing. Aged male Wistar rats (n = 24) were divided into three groups: Control (CO), High-intensity interval training (HIIT) (80–100% of the maximum speed), and continuous endurance training (CET) (60–70% of the maximum speed) groups. Training groups were trained for 6 weeks. The expression of the Nkx2.5 gene was determined by real-time (RT-PCRs) analysis. Immunohistochemical staining was performed to assess the C-kit positive cardiac progenitor and Ki67 positive cells. The mRNA level of Nkx2.5 was significantly increased in the CET and HIIT groups (P < 0.05). Also, cardiac progenitor cells positive for C-kit were increased in both the CET and HIIT groups (P < 0.05). Exercise training improved the ejection fraction and fractional shortening in both training groups (P < 0.05). This study indicated that training initiates the activation of cardiac progenitor cells, leading to the generation of new myocardial cells (R = 0.737, P = 0.001). It seems that C-kit positive cells in training groups showed an increase in the expression of some transcription factors (Nkx2.5 gene), representing an increased regenerative capacity of cardiomyocytes during the training period. These findings suggest that the endogenous regenerative capacity of the adult heart, mediated by cardiac stem cells, would be increased in response to exercise.
Pigmentsejt-eredetű szemfelszíni elváltozások differenciáldiagnózisa és kezelése
Authors: Tóth Gábor , Szalai Eszter , Csákány Béla , Hécz Réka , Sándor Gábor László , Lukáts Olga , Nagy Zoltán Zsolt , Szentmáry Nóra
Published: April 2020

Absztrakt:

Célunk a pigmentsejt-eredetű szemfelszíni elváltozások (conjunctivalis
naevus, primer szerzett melanosis és conjunctivalis melanoma)
összefoglaló ismertetése, különös hangsúlyt fektetve a klinikai megjelenésre,
differenciáldiagnosztikára és kezelésre. A naevus a
leggyakoribb benignus, pigmentsejt-eredetű conjunctivatumor. A primer
szerzett (akvirált) melanosis közép- vagy időskorúakban jelenik
meg, a conjunctivalis hám melanocytáinak proliferációja következtében. A
conjunctivalis melanoma ritka daganat, a szemfelszíni
laphám-neoplasia után a második leggyakoribb szemfelszíni malignus tumor,
illetve a chorioidealis melanoma malignumot és a szemfelszíni laphám-neoplasiát
követően a harmadik leggyakoribb ocularis malignoma. Rendkívül magas malignitási
és áttétképzési potenciálja miatt fontos a korai felismerése és a megfelelő
módon való kezelése. A gyakori recidívaképződés miatt kezelésében
elengedhetetlen az intra- és posztoperatív adjuváns kezelési módok ismerete és
alkalmazása, valamint a rendszeres kontrollvizsgálat. Orv Hetil. 2020; 161(15):
563–574.
A COVID–19-vírusfertőzés klinikai felismerését szolgáló új információk és a fej-nyaki régióban dolgozó egészségügyi személyzet védekezésének lehetőségei
Authors: Antal Márk , Szabó Réka Magdolna , Juhász Zoltán , Vereb Tamás , Piffkó József
Published: April 2020

Absztrakt:

A feltételezhetően 2019 végén Kínából indult és világjárvánnyá vált
koronavírus-betegség (COVID–19) az egészségügyi ellátórendszer minden szegmensét
érinti világszerte, így hazánkban is. Mivel az egészségügyi személyzet számos
egészségügyi ellátás során kapcsolatba kerülhet vírusfertőzöttekkel is, járvány
idején elengedhetetlenül szükséges, hogy a különböző területen dolgozó hazai
szakemberek is naprakész információt kapjanak a vírusról és a fertőzésnek a
betegellátást befolyásoló aspektusairól, a javasolt intézkedésekről. A jelen
közlemény egy irodalmi összefoglaló, melyben a szerzők a jelenleg elérhető,
idevágó hivatkozásokat dolgozták fel, szem előtt tartva a klinikumi ellátás
járványügyi vonatkozásait. A feldolgozott publikációk alapján kijelenthető, hogy
az elsődlegesen a fej-nyak régiót érintő beavatkozások során, kiemelten a forgó
eszköz használatát is igénylő intervenciók esetét, elengedhetetlenül szükséges a
beavatkozáskor a helyiségben tartózkodó összes munkatárs teljes védelme, egyszer
használatos teljes öltözékkel, szemüveggel és speciális maszkokkal. Ezen
felszerelések cseréje és a rendelő tisztítása minden beavatkozás után meg kell,
hogy történjen, és erre a teljes ellátóteamet oktatással előre fel kell
készíteni. Annak érdekében, hogy megelőzhetők legyenek a kezelések alatti
keresztfertőzések és a szakemberek fertőzései, elengedhetetlen a
munkaegészségügyi és infekciókontroll-intézkedések szigorú betartása. Orv Hetil.
2020; 161(17): 660–666.
Farmakoterápiás lehetőségek SARS-CoV-2-fertőzés/COVID–19-betegség esetén
Authors: Fábián Ákos , László István , Juhász Marianna , Berhés Mariann , Végh Tamás , Koszta György , Molnár Csilla , Fülesdi Béla
Published: April 2020

Absztrakt:

Jelenleg a COVID–19 kezelésére bizonyítottan hatékony terápia nem áll
rendelkezésre. Az alábbiakban a teljesség igénye nélkül az ilyen vonatkozásban
leginkább vizsgált gyógyszerek kerülnek bemutatásra. A felsorolt terápiás
lehetőségek mindegyike kísérletinek tekintendő ebben a fázisban. Tekintettel a
járvány súlyos népegészségügyi hatásaira, illetve az intenzív osztályon kezelt
COVID–19-betegek potenciálisan fatális kimenetelére, ’off-label’ alkalmazásuk
mégis megfontolandó. Orv Hetil. 2020; 161(17): 685–688.
A képalkotó diagnosztika jelentősége a COVID–19-fertőzött betegek ellátásában
Authors: Lovas András , Hankovszky Péter , Korsós Anita , Kupcsulik Szilvia , Molnár Tamás , Szabó Zsolt , Babik Barna
Published: April 2020

Absztrakt:

A legújabb koronavírus-járvány a nagy esetszámban előforduló hypoxiás légzési
elégtelen beteg miatt komoly kihívás elé állítja a gyakorló intenzív terápiás
orvosokat. Mivel a COVID–19-megbetegedés kritikus állapotot okozó
patomechanizmusában kiemelkedő helyen áll a tüdőgyulladás, a képalkotó
vizsgálatok első helyen szerepelnek mind a diagnosztikában, mind a betegség
lefolyásának utánkövetésében, illetve a lehetséges szövődmények felderítésében.
Az eddigi irodalmi adatokat áttekintve bemutatjuk a mellkas-CT, a mellkasröntgen
és a mellkasfali ultrahang jellemző eltéréseit, illetve ajánlásokat fogalmazunk
meg a különböző vizsgálati modalitások használatának indikációira. A
vírusfertőzés kezdeti, atípusos megjelenési képe a CT-vel észlelt, jobb alsó
lebenyi, perifériás, többgócú tejüveghomály, amely hamar kétoldali, a középső és
az alsó tüdőmezőket érintő elváltozássá fajul. A betegség progressziójával nő a
konszolidált területek aránya, majd fibroticus rajzolatfokozódás jelenik meg. A
SARS-CoV-2 vírus miatti speciális infekciókontroll-szabályok miatt a betegágy
melletti ultrahangvizsgálatnak komoly szerepe van abban, hogy a fertőzött
betegek minél kisebb számú egészségügyi személyzettel kerüljenek kontaktusba.
Orv Hetil. 2020; 161(17): 672–677.
Diagnosztikus lépések és a betegség prognózisának becslése COVID–19-fertőzött betegeken
Authors: Korsós Anita , Kupcsulik Szilvia , Lovas András , Hankovszky Péter , Molnár Tamás , Szabó Zsolt , Babik Barna
Published: April 2020

Absztrakt:

2019 decemberében új koronavírus okozta járvány ütötte fel a fejét a kínai
Wuhanban. Az azonosított kórokozó egy új koronavírus, melyet „severe acute
respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2”-nek, azaz SARS-CoV-2-nek neveztek el, az
általa kiváltott légzési tünetegyüttes pedig a „coronavirus disease 2019”, azaz
COVID–19 nevet kapta. Az Egészségügyi Világszervezet (WHO) a járványt 2020
márciusában pandémiává minősítette. Áttekintettük a jelenleg elérhető nemzetközi
irodalmat a COVID–19-járvány vonatkozásában. Írásunkban az új koronavírus
diagnosztikájára és prognosztikájára vonatkozó releváns információkat
összegezzük. Részletezzük a klinikai gyanú felvetéséhez szükséges anamnesztikus
tényezőket és kezdeti vizsgálati eredményeket, a mikrobiológiai mintavétel
módját, a molekuláris diagnosztikai tesztre – az arany standardnak minősülő
’real-time’ reverztranszkriptáz polimeráz-láncreakcióra (RT-PCR) – vonatkozó
alapvető információkat, különös tekintettel a diagnosztikus tesztelést érintő,
jelenleg érvényben lévő népegészségügyi szabályozásra. Hangsúlyt fektetünk
továbbá a nagy rizikójú betegek paramétereire és felismerésük módjára. A
COVID–19-pandémia Magyarországon is jelentős járványügyi és egészségügyi
következményekkel járhat. A járvány lassítására irányuló epidemiológiai
intézkedéseken túl a már fertőzött személyek időbeli felismerése és megfelelő
kórházi ellátása mortalitási szempontból is kulcskérdés. A kritikus állapotú
betegek esélyeit csak magas minőségű, körültekintő intenzív terápiás ellátással
lehet javítani, s hogy a legjobbat tudjuk nyújtani, hasznos, ha felhasználjuk a
már endémiás országokban dolgozó orvoskollégák tapasztalatait. Orv Hetil. 2020;
160(17): 667–671.
A szerzett hosszú-QT-szindróma veszélye a koronavírus-járvány idején. Fókuszban a hidroxiklorokin
Authors: Tomcsányi János , Tomcsányi Kristóf
Published: April 2020

Absztrakt:

A hidroxiklorokin egy immunmodulátor szer, amelyet elsősorban malária, lupus
erythematosus és rheumatoid arthritis esetén alkalmaznak. A szerzők
összefoglalják ennek a készítménynek a lehetséges proarrhythmiás hatását és
ennek kapcsán a gyógyszer indukálta hosszú-QT-szindróma felismerésének
legfontosabb jeleit. A jelen összefoglaló aktualitását a COVID–19-járványban a
hidroxiklorokin (jelenleg evidencia nélküli) gyakoribb alkalmazása adja. Orv
Hetil. 2020; 161(17): 689–691.
EFFECTS OF EXERCİSE PERFORMED ALTITUDE ON THE CHROMOSOMAL DNA DAMAGE IN HUMAN PERIPHERAL LYMPHOCYTES
Authors: AKPINAR KOCAKULAK Neşe , HAMURCU Zuhal , DONMEZ-ALTUNTAS Hamiyet , SUNGUR Gönül , KOCA Fezullah , ÇOKSEVİM Bekir
Published: April 2020

Yüksek irtifa hipoksisi ve hipoksik egzersiz oksidatif DNA hasarına neden olabilir. Çalışmamızda 1055m ve 2500m'de yapılan egzersizin mikronükleus (MN) sıklığı üzerindeki etkisi araştırıldı. MN frekansı, kromozomal hasarın, genom kararsızlığının bir biyolojik işaretidir. Çalışmaya 10 kadın, 10 erkek toplam 20 sağlıklı birey alındı. Her iki yerde 5 gün boyunca günde 3 saat egzersiz yaptırıldı. Egzersizden önce ve egzersizden hemen sonra 1055 m ve 2500 m yükseklikte periferik kan örnekleri hem birinci hem de beşinci günde kültürlendi. Hastaların mitojenle uyarılmış lenfositlerinden elde edilen çift çekirdekli hücrelerde MN değerlerinin sayısı kaydedildi. 1055m koşullarında yapılan egzersizin MN oluşumunu indüklediğini bulduk (p <0.001); 2500 m'de yapılan egzersiz, insan lenfositlerinde daha fazla MN oluşumuna neden olmuştur (p <0.001). Ayrıca, on gün sonra dağdan 1055 m'ye geri inen deneklerde MN frekansları, beş günün sonunda 2500 m rakımdakinden daha düşüktü (p <0.001). Aynı zamanda, bu MN frekansı, 1055 m'deki bazal MN frekansına benzerdi (p> 0.05). Sonuçlarımız, egzersiz ve yüksekliğin kromozomal DNA hasarına neden olabileceğini ve mutajenik etkiler oluşturabileceğini göstermektedir.
Kaluga autocluster: conditions and prospects
Authors: Kondratenkova Tatiana , Sukhareva Anna , Kocharova Yuliya
Published: April 2020

Today, clustering is one of the key areas for the development of a new economy focused on innovative and social development. Since 2009, the cluster approach has been one of the main tools for creating a strong regional economy for the Kaluga region. But it is not immediately possible to understand what a cluster is and what can be called that word. The article discusses the concept of “cluster” from various points of view, forms common features inherent in the cluster and reveals whether the auto industry of the Kaluga Region is suitable for these conditions. In continuation of the topic, the article examines the current state of the automotive segment of the Kaluga Region, identifies priority areas for the development of the automotive industry, taking into account the possibilities of state support, and also touches on the possibility of digitalization of the segment as a key transformation of the economic model of the region and the country as a whole.
Prospects for the implementation of digitalization in the pharmaceutical industry (on the example of the Kaluga region)
Authors: Makarova Nadezhda , Kondratenkova Tatiana
Published: April 2020

The rapid entry of digital technology into all areas of activity is making significant changes to the rules for the conduct and development of the pharmaceutical industry. That is, companies that have fallen into a digital wave have understood how, with the help of new technologies, it is possible to modernize production processes in order to increase the influence of their company on the market, they are among the leaders in digitalization and are now examples of best practices for colleagues in the workshop. The article considers the Kaluga cluster of pharmaceuticals, biotechnology and biomedicine, which is one of the innovative clusters of the Russian Federation, from the point of view of the digitalization forge: its current state, capabilities and prospects.
Socio-economic and environmental features of development Krasnoyarsk Territory
Authors: Volgin Aleksander , Shilnov Aleksander , Andreev Kirill , Arustamov Eduard
Published: April 2020

The article analyzes the levels of socio-economic development and environmental situation in the Krasnoyarsk territory in comparison with the subjects of the Federation of the Siberian Federal district. The key indicators of socio-economic and environmental development of the Krasnoyarsk territory were shown. The ecological problems of the territories of large cities with high and very high levels of water, air and soil pollution are highlighted. The spatial differentiation of anthropogenic impact on environmental components and the severity of geoecological problems in the region are emphasized.
Effective thinking: think by D. Kahneman introducing infographic models
Authors: Komarov Nikolai , Chulkov Vitali
Published: April 2020

Two modes of thinking are known in the scientific community, these are fast and slow thinking. The article discusses the infographic model of thinking according to Kahneman, showing the differences between fast and slow thinking. A person thinks in images (models), and not words, when switching from fast thinking to slow, he eventually gets the correct conclusion. Modeling requires new cybernetic modeling approaches.

The article discusses the three main tasks of visual modeling. One of the approaches in modeling is standardization, which covers a huge number of categories and gives us reason to immediately identify possible anomalies. Two models of the diversity of the space of norms and a model for the emergence of «new» information from which the information base of the human brain is composed are presented. The manifestation of intuition is nothing but recognition.
Public-private partnership mechanism in the waste management system: Russian practice
Authors: Tolstolesova Lyudmila
Published: April 2020

The article deals with the state of public-private partnership in the field of waste management. The concept of waste was given, and the importance of managing the waste management system was justified, taking into account the resource orientation of many regions of the country. Legislative changes forming a new system of waste management are reflected. The author presents the dynamics of growth of waste generation, as well as their utilization and disposal in Russia.

The main areas of expenditure related to the implementation of projects in the field of waste management were Identified. The problems of implementing these costs in the implementation of projects are highlighted, first of all, the lack of sources of funding for both the state and private business.

The concepts of public-private partnership and the mechanism of its implementation, given by different authors, are considered. It was found that cooperation between the state and the private sector in this area has not yet been sufficiently developed, and only in the field of solid waste management. Projects in the field of production are not implemented. It is noted that the main initiator of the projects is the state, private business is not sufficiently interested in implementing projects in the field of waste management in the form of public-private partnership.

The main forms of implementation of PPP projects, stages of implementation of projects and their degree of development in the Federal districts of the Russian Federation are considered. It was revealed that the projects do not use debt financing, which indicates a weak interest of banks in this sector of the economy in view of significant investments, long payback period of projects and the risks of their implementation.
Developing a smart greenhouse for a personal subsidiary farm
Authors: Gavrilova Irina
Published: April 2020

Тhe article considers the problem of development and application of robotic greenhouse on a non-industrial scale, mainly for garden and garden plots, owned by about 50 % of the population of Russia. The main problem is the high cost of existing technologies for building smart greenhouses, which makes them inaccessible to a large number of Russian gardeners. The concept of «smart greenhouse» is specified, an overview of modern trends in the construction of robotic greenhouse is given, as well as a description of the production of the experiment, which consisted in the development of the technology of «smart greenhouse», and its results. Analysis of the results showed that the creation of a «smart greenhouse» implies that the developer has skills in the field of mechanics, electrical engineering and microelectronics, programming, including the programming of microcontrollers and the development of knowledge bases, as well as knowledge of the technology of growing various crops in greenhouse complexes. The ill-thinking of any aspect of a robotic greenhouse reduces the efficiency of technology, and investments do not pay off. On the contrary, a competent approach to the creation of a «smart greenhouse» can significantly increase yields while reducing the labor costs of garden owners. Thus, timely (instantaneous) notification of abnormal situations (values of controlled parameters go beyond technological boundaries, equipment failure, etc.) will minimize losses from accidents and violations of technological mode. At the same time, the increase in the intellectual level of greenhouses involves an increase in the cost of its development. At the moment, the cost of a robotic greenhouse is quite high for the target audience, which suggests further research in the field of creating complex and economical solutions for «smart greenhouse».
A drift capacity prediction model for retrofitted reinforced concrete columns
Authors: Özcan Okan , Binici Barış
Published: April 2020

Seismic assessment of reinforced concrete (RC) buildings heavily relies on the deformation capacity predictions of members. Similarly, the prediction of the deformation capacity of retrofitted RC columns has the utmost importance for seismic retrofit design. In this paper, a new unified drift model is proposed in order to estimate the rotation capacity of RC columns retrofitted with concrete jacketing, steel jacketing and fibre-reinforced polymer (FRP) wrapping. In order to generate the model, an extensive database was compiled consisting of 269 columns composed of 39 concrete-jacketed, 91 steel-jacketed and 139 FRP-wrapped RC columns failing in flexure mode. In the proposed drift model, the key model parameters are the confinement stress ratio, the axial load ratio and the lap splice length. The accuracy and scatter of the estimations with regard to the previous models were studied. For all of the column retrofitting options, the proposed unified model was observed to have rotation predictions better than the previous models in terms of the mean of the predicted to experimental rotation capacity ratios and with a reduced standard deviation.
Modelación de sistemas de eliminación de olores ofensivos generados por H2S en aguas residuales mediante adsorción con carbón activado
Authors: Arrieta Lozano Juan Jose
Published: April 2020

Objetivo: Divulgar a los profesionales del área los modelos y metodología que se siguen para un correcto diseño de sistemas de control de olores por H2S en aguas residuales. Metodología: En primer lugar, se elaboró una recopilación amplia de publicaciones científicas recientes sobre el tema; luego se presentó la metodología de diseño y una aplicación práctica del tema. Resultados: Tras revisar la literatura sobre el tema, se estableció que el modelo más ajustado para la adsorción de H2S mediante carbón activado corresponde al modelo de Zhang y Cheng (2000). Conclusiones: Mediante este trabajo se establecieron las consideraciones técnicas necesarias para el dimensionamiento se sistemas de remoción de olores por H2S debido a aguas residuales utilizando carbón activado.
Diseño e implementación de un instrumento electrónico de medida de PH para terreno agrícola
Authors: Zambrano Sanchez Noel Jair , Camelo Quintero Elber Fernando , Méndez González Alejandro , Valderrama Lugo Yeison Edward
Published: April 2020

Objetivo: Diseñar  un instrumento de  medida  de  pH  que permita  monitorear  las variables al  momento  de  iniciar un proceso agrícola. Metodología: Se utilizó la tecnología aplicada, que permitió brindar solución a una necesidad agrícola mediante la aplicación de competencias en las áreas de la ingeniería electrónica y la química, proceso que se desarrolló en cuatro fases. Resultados y conclusiones: El prototipo de pH-metro desarrollado se acerca a las expectativas de diseño que se plantearon en un principio, pues se obtuvo una disminución notoria en los costos de implementación del prototipo (alrededor del 50%) respecto a los pH-metros usados para realizar las pruebas, lo que garantizó confiabilidad en la medición.
Derecho al olvido digital en Colombia: retos contemporáneos en una sociedad desactualizada
Authors: Aristizabal Correa Dany Alberto
Published: April 2020

El mundo actual muestra un dinamismo revolucionario cabe mencionar que esta generación pareciera traspasar fronteras de toda imaginación debido a los avances médicos, arquitectónicos, culturales sociales y en especial tecnológicos, pero si bien parece el renacer del periodo de la ilustración dicha explosión cultural, tecnológica y social viene acompañada de grandes retos que avanzan a pasos agigantados donde el derecho queda corto para regular las nuevas relaciones surgidas de las nuevas tecnologías de la información y las telecomunicaciones y donde nuevas concepciones de derechos confluyen de manera que colisionan entre si derechos fundamentales que a la postre reflejarán la capacidad normativa de Estados como el colombiano para asumir posturas en conflictos nunca antes vistos en sus latitudes pero que han venido surgiendo en países especialmente europeos como el llamado derecho al olvido digital.
Análisis conflictual de la violencia generada en las aulas de educación elemental en México
Authors: Garza De La Vega Daniel
Published: April 2020

El conflicto escolar es un problema de talla mundial y se ha buscado erradicarlo de las aulas, sin embargo pareciera que a nivel internacional esta problemática ha ido creciendo y se nota día a día en los centros escolares y en la sociedad, esta preocupación es compartida y ha llevado al estudio de programas de prevención, como lo es la mediación escolar y sus bondades para la solución de conflictos, es por ello que los agentes implicados en el conflicto deberán ser quien resuelvan sus diferencias en el mismo centro escolar. Dado esto se establece el método descriptivo y correlacional para concluir si los profesores en las aulas de la educacion elemental deben destar capacitados para ser facilitadores y conciliadores en los conflictos de índole escolar.
Systematic review and meta-analysis protocol examining the effect of vitamin D status and supplementation on urinary tract infection v2
Authors: Yogiswara Niwanda , Azmi Yusuf , farapti Farapti , Aulia Azmi Yufi
Published: April 2020

Several studies have demonstrated that vitamin D deficiency was associated with an increased incidence of infectious disease, including urinary tract diseases. The present systematic review aims to investigate whether vitamin D deficiency is associated with an increased incidence of urinary tract infections (UTI) and whether supplementation could reduce the risk of UTI. This systematic review and meta-analysis will be carried out in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA). The search will be performed using multiple databases, including MEDLINE, CENTRAL, ClinicalTrials.gov. We will screen observational studies and interventional studies with our inclusion criteria and assessed the quality with the Newcastle-Ottawa scale and Cochrane Risk of Bias tool. Currently we do not anticipate any problems with the implementation of the proposed protocol. The results of this study will explain the effects of vitamin D deficiency and the prevention role of vitamin D supplements on UTI.
FACS Single Cell Sorting v4
Authors: Institute for Brain Science Allen
Published: April 2020

This protocol provides step by step instructions for performing single-cell sorting by using BD FACSAria II machine or BD FACSAria Fusion machine and BD FACSDiva software. Note: Research reported in this publication was supported by the National Institute Of Mental Health of the National Institutes of Health under Award Number U19MH114830. The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the National Institutes of Health.
Purification of Mouse Pancreatic Islets using Histopaque Gradient Centrifugation v1
Authors: Smith Nancy , Lin Haopeng , Ferdaoussi Mourad , E Macdonald Patrick
Published: April 2020

This protocol details the purification of mouse pancreatic islets using histopaque gradient centrifugation.
UPAYA MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN BERPIKIR KRITIS SISWA DALAM PEMBELAJARAN SEJARAH MELALUI STRATEGI GO TO YOUR POST
Authors: Rohani Siti , Supriatna Nana , Sumantri Yeni Kurniawati
Published: April 2020

Skripsi ini berjudul “Penerapan Strategi Pembelajaran Go To Your Post Untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis Siswa Dalam Pembelajaran Sejarah (Penelitian Tindakan Kelas di XII IPS 1 SMA Negeri 15 Bandung)”. Permasalahan utama dalam penelitian ini adalah bagaimana meningkatkan kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa XII IPS 1 SMAN 15 Bandung dengan menggunakan strategi Go To Your Post dalam pembelajaran sejarah. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK). Prosedur yang dilakukan pada penelitian tindakan kelas ini mengacu pada model Kemmis dan Mc. Taggart yang dimulai dengan perencanaan, tindakan, observasi dan reflesksi. Subyek dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas XII IPS 1 SMAN 15 Bandung, sedangkan instrumen yang digunakan dalam teknik pengumpulan data adalah observasi, wawancara, catatan lapangan dan studi dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa pembelajaran sejarah dengan menerapkan strategi Go To Your Post mampu menumbuhkan kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa karena siswa dihadapkan pada situasi yang mendorongnya untuk memecahkan masalah, melalui kegiatan diskusi kelompok dan diskusi kelas.  Penerapan strategi pembelajaran tersebut dapat mengkondisikan pembelajaran yang aktif, dan kritis sehingga pada akhirnya mampu memecahkan permasalahan yang sebelumnya ditemukan pada saat observasi pra-penelitian. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang dilakukan di kelas XII IPS 1 SMA Negeri 15 Bandung, dapat disimpulkan bahwa penerapan strategi Go To Your Post dalam pembelajaran sejarah untuk menumbuhkan kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa telah menunjukan tingkat keberhasilan.
KHALIFAH MU’AWIYAH BIN ABU SUFYAN : Peletak Dasar Pemerintahan Islam Monarki 661 - 680 M
Authors: Nashiruddin Abdul Aziz
Published: April 2020

ABSTRACTThis research is entitled "Mu'awiyah bin Abu Sufyan who became the pioneer of Monarchical Islamic government in the period 661-680 AD”. The background of the researchers to take this issue is because Mu'awiyah bin Abu Sufyan was the main pioneer in changing the Islamic government to a monarchic system that had never been applied in the Islamic Caliphate before. During his reign, Mu'awiyah not only became a caliph, but became a unifier and figure who resolved the conflict that occurred in the Islamic caliphate. The main problem raised from this thesis is "Why did Mu'awiyah change the Islamic caliphate to a monarchical system?" The method used is a historical research method by conducting four steps of research namely heuristics, criticism, interpretation, and historiography. The results of the study can be explained including before there was a change in the Islamic government system to the monarchy. During the reign of Khulafaur Rashidun the government system adopted by the Islamic caliphate was based on democracy. Mu'awiyah as the caliph subsequently faced many problems, from disputes between companion of prophet Muhammad SAW to wars that occurred due to internal problems, and decided to change the system of government to a monarchy. In the early days of Mu'awiyah's leadership, he formed a governmental order to rebuild the Islamic caliphate from the destruction of internal conflict. Mu'awiyah's leadership was more or less twenty years, in contrast to the previous caliphs Mu'awiyah handed over the power of the caliphate to Yazid bin Mu'awiyah. Determination of the crown prince impacted the caliphates thereafter, which changed the caliphate of Islam with a democratic system of monarchy. Keyword:  Mu’awiyah bin Abu Sufyan, Caliphate Umayyah, Islam Monarchy