bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Synergy of Zakat and Taxes Viewed from Fiscal Policy Objectives
Authors: Safitri Fajrin Intan , Maski Ghozali , Noor Iswan , Syarifuddin M Syahrul , Purnamasari Dian Septi
Published: June 2024

Until now, taxes are still the main instrument in fiscal policy in Indonesia. Meanwhile, zakat, which has considerable potential, has not yet become an instrument of fiscal policy. Maximization and efficiency can be achieved if the synergy of zakat and taxes is maximized. This study, it will examine how the synergy of zakat and taxes is when viewed from the objectives of fiscal policy, namely maintaining stability and developing the country's economy, improving the quality of human resources, maintaining price stability, and increasing investment. Qualitative methods were used in this study and library research as an exploratory approach and study. The results of this study are: First, the synergy of zakat and taxes can complement each other and can help achieve fiscal policy goals, and can reduce the risk of problems that can come at any time, such as inflation and economic recession. Second, zakat and taxes both have the same potential and can synergize together in helping achieve fiscal policy goals.
Evaluating the support of pigmented lesion expert dermatologists for the use of skin self-examinations
Authors: Ingrassia Jenne , Swearingen Alyssa , Levine Amanda , Liebman Tracey N. , Stein Jennifer A. , Polsky David , Adotama Prince
Published: June 2024

Objectives: This study addresses the knowledge gap on optimal frequency of skin self-examinations (SSE) for skin cancer prevention in the United States. Our results offer guidance on optimal SSE practices based upon recommendations from pigmented lesion expert dermatologists, and discussion on how melanoma risk factors impact these recommendations.
Methods: We surveyed pigmented lesion expert, board-certified dermatologists who are active members of the Melanoma Prevention Working Group, between August and November 2023. The survey was anonymous and the deidentified data were analyzed qualitatively.
Results: The response rate was 64%. Nearly all dermatologists surveyed (97%) recommend SSE for patients with at least one melanoma risk factors, with the majority (64%) recommending SSE within a 1-to-3-month timeframe. For patients without identifiable risk factors, the experts in this study still recommend SSE (78%), though a consensus on frequency was not reached.
Conclusions:  Despite the lack of endorsement from the United States Preventive Services Task Force, our findings show pigmented lesion experts overwhelmingly recommend SSE. We believe targeted SSE recommendations can facilitate the detection of early-stage melanomas and have the potential to reduce melanoma morbidity.
Entwicklung eines Profilmonitors auf Szintillationsfaser-Basis für Ionenstrahlen niedriger Intensität am Heidelberger Ionenstrahl-Therapiezentrum
Authors:   , Hermann Richard Leopold
Published: June 2024

Das Heidelberger Ionenstrahl-Therapiezentrum (HIT) stellt Protonen-, Helium- und Kohlenstoff-Ionenstrahlen unterschiedlicher Energie und Intensität für die Krebsbehandlung und Sauerstoff-Ionenstrahlen für Experimente zur Verfügung. Der hierfür verwendete Beschleuniger ist darüber hinaus in der Lage auch Ionenstrahlintensitäten unterhalb der für Therapien verwendeten bereitzustellen. Allerdings ist das derzeit installierte Strahldiagnosesystems nicht in der Lage, das Strahlprofil bei solchen geringen Intensitäten (< 10^5 Ionen/s) zu messen. Dabei existieren mögliche medizinische Anwendung für diese niederintensiven Ionen-strahlen, wie beispielsweise eine neuartige und potentiell klinisch vorteilhafte Bildgebung: die Ionenradiographie. Eine essentielle Voraussetzung für diese und andere Anwendungen ist ein System zur Überwachung von Ionenstrahlen niedriger Intensität. Ein solches System wurde im Rahmen dieser Arbeit konzipiert, realisiert, getestet und optimiert. Das Funktionsprinzip basiert auf szintillierenden Fasern, insbesondere solchen mit erhöhter Strahlungshärte für die Möglichkeit einer dauerhaften Platzierung im Therapiestrahl. Ein diese Fasern durchlaufendes Ion regt den darin enthaltenen Szintillator durch Stoßprozesse kurzzeitig an. Die dabei deponierte Energie wird anschließend in Form von Photonen wieder emittiert. Silizium-Photomultiplier sind an den Enden der Fasern montiert und wandeln die Photonensignale in verstärkte elektrische Impulse um. Diese Impulse werden von einer neuartigen und dedizierten Ausleseelektronik aufgezeichnet und verarbeitet. Ein Prototypaufbau, bestehend aus den genannten Teilen, wurde im Strahl getestet und kann das transversale Strahlprofil erfolgreich im Intensitätsbereich von 10^7 Ionen/s bis hinunter zu 10^2 Ionen/s aufzeichnen. Darüber hinaus konnte, durch die erfolgreiche Ankunftszeitmessung von einzelnen Ionen bis zu Intensitäten von 5*10^4 Ionen/s, ein Machbarkeitsnachweis für die Messung der Spur von einzelnen Teilchen erbracht werden.
Avaliação da saúde mental e de biomarcador de estresse em mulheres vítimas da violência
Authors: Saliba Tânia Adas , Chiba Fernando Yamamoto , Dias Isabella Andrade , Garbin Artênio José Isper , Garbin Cléa Adas Saliba
Published: June 2024

Objetivo: Investigar os níveis de depressão e estresse e a relação entre essas variáveis com a concentração de cortisol salivar, um biomarcador de estresse, em mulheres vítimas de violência. Metodologia: Trata-se de um estudo transversal, quantitativo, descritivo e associativo realizado no ano de 2018, com 146 mulheres, residentes em um município de médio porte do estado de São Paulo, divididos em dois grupos: grupo controle - composto por 66 mulheres que não sofreram violência; e grupo vítimas de violência - composto por 80 mulheres vítimas de violência, atendidas na Delegacia de Atendimento à Mulher. Os dados foram coletados por meio de entrevistas, utilizando o Inventário de Depressão de Beck e a Escala de Estresse Pós-Traumático. Foram realizadas coletas de amostras de saliva para análise da concentração de cortisol salivar, por meio do método de ELISA. Resultado: Houve associação (p<0,05) entre a experiência de violência e a presença de sintomas de depressão e estresse. Cerca de 90% das mulheres do grupo controle não apresentava sintomas de depressão enquanto a maioria das mulheres vítimas de violência apresentou níveis de depressão leve a grave. Nenhuma das mulheres do grupo controle apresentou condição de estresse pós-traumático, enquanto mais de 95% das mulheres vítimas de violência apresentou o quadro. A concentração de cortisol salivar foi maior (p<0,05) nas mulheres vítimas de violência em comparação ao grupo controle. Conclusão: As vítimas de violência apresentaram severos prejuízos à saúde mental, com níveis elevados de depressão e estresse, associados a maiores concentrações de cortisol salivar.
Non-syndromic, Bilateral Occurrence of Maxillary and Mandibular Para Premolars: A Case Report
Authors: Kothavade Darpan , Kumar Dipanshu , Kumar Shailesh , Kumar Singh Rajeev
Published: June 2024

Bilateral occurrence of supernumerary teeth is rare and most often found in association with any systemic condition or syndrome. Very few cases with bilateral maxillary and mandibular supernumerary teeth in the premolar region have been documented. This report presents an unusual case of non-syndromic, bilateral maxillary and mandibular para-premolars.
Surgical obturator to rehab patient with hemimaxillectomy-a case report
Authors: Dr Baisakhi Baisakhi Mallick
Published: June 2024

Congenital malformation, trauma and surgical treatment of benign or malignant neoplasms create maxillary defects. The size and location of the defects play an important role about the degree of impairment and difficulty in prosthetic rehabilitation. Maxillectomy patients suffer from lack of support, retention, and stability of prosthesis. An obturator is a prosthesis used to close a palatal defect in a dentate or edentulous mouth. The surgical maxillary obturator prosthesis helps in the restoration of normal speech and eating habits of the patient. It also prevents the soft tissue collapse on the affected side. Thus, the facial symmetry will be preserved. It also helps to retain the space for future interim and definitive prostheses. Thus, it improves the mental well-being of the patient considerably. This clinical report describes the prosthetic rehabilitation of a maxillary defects with a surgical obturator which was given immediately following surgery.
Crouzon’s Syndrome in 7 years old child: A Comprehensive Review and Clinico-Radiological Illustration of a Case.
Authors: Sonali kajabe Sonali kajabe , Dr. Priyanka Razdan  , Dr. Rashmi Jayanna  , Dr. Swapnil Mhatre
Published: June 2024

Crouzon's syndrome is a rare genetic disorder, described by a French neurosurgeon in 1912. It is caused by a mutation in the fibroblast growth factor receptor 2 (FGFR2) gene. The disease is characterized by premature synostosis of coronal and sagittal sutures which begins in the first year of life. It occurs in approximately 1 in 25,000 births worldwide. Here, we report a case of this rare entity. The patient presented with brachycephaly, maxillary hypoplasia, exophthalmos, and mandibular prognathism along with dental and orbital abnormalities.
PRF dressing as a boon for FGG donor site; a clinico-histopathologic case report.
Authors: BISWAS DR SNIGDHA
Published: June 2024

Aims and objectives: FGG is a widely used mucogingival surgery for gingival recession, but it has some disadvantages such as longer healing time and painful donor site. Reduction of this discomfort is possible by using an autologous biomaterial,PRF. The objectives of this study are to describe the favourable effects of PRF on the recovery of FGG donor sites and to compare the donor site’s healing with or without PRF.
Materials and methods: Two systemically healthy 19-year-old female patients who needed gingival augmentation were included in study. Procedure was carried out involving the palate as donor sites, wherein one patient’s donor site was allowed to heal conventionally and the other site was coated with PRF membrane to analyse differences in healing process.
Results: The results showed better and faster healing along with significantly reduced post operative pain of the PRF donor site as compare to the conventional site.
Conclusion: By accelerating the healing process, reducing patient suffering, and addressing one of the key concerns associated with the use of this treatment, this case study demonstrates PRF is an effective method in FGG patients.
Full Mouth Rehabilitation in visually impaired children with modified behaviour management techniques: A Case Series
Authors: Dambare Aboli , Swapnil Mhatre  , Rashmi Jayanna  , Priyanka Razdan
Published: June 2024

The prevalence of childhood blindness is 0.3 per 1,000 children in industrialized countries, 1.2 per 1,000 children in developing countries, and 1.7 per 1,000 children in India. In children with visual impairment, there are limitations to moving around in different surroundings and performing basic activities, due to which managing them becomes a challenging task for Paediatric Dentists. Therefore, there is a need to train the visually impaired child with the aid of customized behaviour management techniques, so that the outcome of the treatment can be optimized. ‘Audio-Tactile Performance technique’ (ATP) is a multisensory health education method, specially designed for training visually impaired children. The ‘Tell-feel-do’ and ‘Tell-Hear-Do’ techniques can be used instead of ‘Tell-show-do’ to acquaint the patient with the relevant procedures before actual execution. This case series aims to demonstrate successful full mouth rehabilitation in children with visual impairment, using these modified behaviour management techniques.
Foster Tooth – An ingenious strategy
Authors: Saxena Tarun
Published: June 2024

the manuscript is all about case report, hence it include only introduction including other data in case report
Biomimetic And Regenerative Considerations In Endodontics: A Review
Authors: Thakur Vivek , Vishal Sharma  , Vishal Sharma  , Anshu Minocha
Published: June 2024

Biomimetics, literally means to mimic or copy what is life-like from nature. Biomimetics provides a new technique for improving our understanding of natural designs and functions, as well as new promising paths for mimicking natural processes. The first part of biomimetic dentistry is the restoration of destroyed or degenerated dental tissue, resulting in the full restoration of both functionality and appearance to the tooth. Additionally, the material utilized can repair, reproduce, or simulate missing dental tissue. This concept is very wide and has been applied in dental materials, for the regeneration of lost dental tissue from the stem cells. Regeneration approach is a form of biomimetics that promotes for the restoration of damaged tissue using tissue technology rather than the conventional method. The purpose of this review is to increase our understanding of biomimetics and regeneration factors related to lost tooth tissue in the field of endodontics.
Digital workflow in Maxillofacial Prosthodontics : An Insight
Authors: Isheta Sarkar
Published: June 2024

Title: “Digital Workflow in Maxillofacial Prosthodontics: An Insight”
 
ABSTRACT
From its inception to now dentistry has made its way covering great milestones in terms of invention and precision to provide us with better working conditions and increased comfort for both clinicians and patients. To add up, is the remarkable innovation: CAD-CAM technology, which allow the dentists to provide a better and quality care to their patients. While restoring a facial defect the prosthesis should ideally be customized to put back the anatomy as accurately as possible. This process is difficult and time consuming & demands a high level of artistic skill to form a mirror image & achieve a good aesthetic match. The present time evolution of CAD/CAM is focused on methodical and swift integration and automation of the elements of design and manufacturing along with the development of new algorithms. This article reviews the development and availability of various digital technologies for the designing and manufacturing of different maxillofacial prostheses.
Periodontal Microbiology: The Emergence
Authors: Pandey Diya , Sharon Lazarus  , Shweta Sardhana  , C.S. Baiju
Published: June 2024

There has been an undeniable relationship between microorganisms and the human body, both in terms of health and disease. One such genre is periodontal microbiology and diseases. The aetiology of a disease refers to the causal trigger(s), whereas pathogenesis refers to the mechanism(s) through which the illness advances. Periodontitis has a microbiological aetiology and an inflammatory pathophysiology, although the coordination of the contributing variables for the disease's onset and course may differ from an epidemiological standpoint (1). There has been extensive research on this disease and most of them pointed out the relationship between an unbalanced oral flora and the disease itself. Many newer technologies have helped elaborate the microbiome, from identifying native and novel bacteria to theories explaining how disturbance of oral phylogeny can lead to precipitation of this disease and paradigms based on which different treatments have been formulated. This review of pertinent literature online and offline was conducted, and data and information were then extracted, modified, and arranged under the appropriate headings. The monograph tries to compile the primitive concepts, the eventual shift of paradigms, the latest advances in treatment modalities and futuristic expectations. From a simpler PCR to new generation sequencing, this manuscript covers it all.
“A rare case of Central Ossifying Fibroma: Unmasked in the Maxilla”
Authors: Dr. Apoorva Sharma  , Jaiswal Dr. Rohit , Tandon Dr. Aanchal , Jayaswal Dr. Amrita
Published: June 2024

Central ossifying fibroma (COF) is a rare benign neoplasm of the jaws characterised by the proliferation of fibroblasts and the formation of mineralised tissue. The purpose of this case report is to describe the diagnosis and management of a central ossifying fibroma of maxilla in a 17-year-old female. This report aims to increase awareness of COF among dental and medical professionals, also to highlight its clinical presentation, differential diagnosis, and treatment options.
Lymphangioma Circumscriptum of Lower Lip- A Rare Case Report
Authors: Goyal Dr Rohit , Jaiswal Dr Pooja , Akhter Dr Javed , Kalita Dr Sangita , Dubey Dr Chanda
Published: June 2024

The lymphangioma is a benign hamartomatous, uncommon, hyperplasia of lymphatic system. It is common in head and neck but rarely found in oral cavity. In oral cavity, it occurs mostly in tongue. In this article,we will report a case of lymphangioma circumscriptum of lip in a young male which is unusual.
Internally weighted denture for management of severely resorbed mandibular ridges : A case report.
Authors: Surabhi Thakur Surabhi Thakur
Published: June 2024

Rehabilitation of patients with severely resorbed mandibular ridges can be a clinical challenge where implants could not be a treatment of choice. Weighted mandibular dentures have been one of the treatment modality for the management of severely resorbed mandibular ridges. However in cases where the supporting edentulous alveolar mucosa is not appropriate for loading with a cast metal base, an internally weighted mandibular denture can be used. This article reports a case of severely resorbed mandibular ridge for which an internally weighted mandibular denture was fabricated with a customized weighted metal base using plaster index of the tooth arrangement as a guide. It is one of the non-invasive treatment option which provide stability, retention and function without altering the aesthetics of the denture.
Indirect sinus lift without graft placement and with immediate implant placement - a systematic review
Authors: Akash Raj Sharma Dr Akash Raj Sharma
Published: June 2024

Background:    Due to persistent ridge resorption and maxillary sinus pneumatization, the maxillary posterior region has historically been difficult to implant in. To overcome these challenges various techniques have been developed. Among which sinus lift procedures; either direct or indirect are most commonly used. This systematic review investigates the success of immediate implant placement combined with indirect sinus lift without grafting in the maxillary posterior region. Specifically, it evaluates the rates of implant survival and endosinus bone formation.
Aim: To review the literature on indirect sinus lift without graft placement and with immediate implant placement following the PRISMA Guidelines.
Methodology: A systematic search was conducted on two electronic databases, PubMed and Cochrane Central, for studies published between 2010–2020. The search terms included "sinus augmentation," "sinus lift," "sinus elevation," and "indirect technique." The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines were followed for data collection.
Results: In the initial search, 1361 articles in total were located. A total of 20 papers were chosen for full text review after duplicates were removed and titles and abstracts were screened. In this systematic review, 8 articles were chosen; 12 publications were rejected for a variety of reasons.
Conclusion: The studies included in this review evaluated the efficacy of indirect sinus elevation without grafting material, combined with immediate implant placement, for augmenting bone volume in the maxillary posterior region. All studies reported evidence of endosseous bone formation, with implant survival rates ranging from 90% to 100%.
Prevalence of Bifid Mandibular Condyle ; A Retrospective Orthopantomogram Study in Southern Rajasthan
Authors: Arya Dr. Sugandha Arya , SAHIL ABHAY SONAWANE  , SHASHANK SHARMA  , Mona singh  , Tajinder Bansal  , Ismat Fakhra
Published: June 2024

Abstract Condylar duplication is a very rare and interesting anomaly of unknown etiology. Bifid mandibular condyle (BMC) are usually diagnosed on routine radiographic examination. Various causes for this condition have been discussed in the literature, but there is still no agreement as to the exact cause and the real prevalence. Aim : To assess the prevalence of (BMC) in population of Southern Rajasthan.Methodology and Results: A retrospective analysis of 13565 OPGs were done and a total of 4 fulfilled the diagnostic criteria of BMC, Thereby, reporting a prevalence of 0.051 % in Southern Rajasthan. Conclusion: The Dental professionals should have some knowledge of this anatomic abnormality, as well as its implications for function and appropriate treatment modalities, so that they can be alert to this potential diagnosis.Keywords : Bifid mandibular condyle, Orthopantomogram
Skeletal Maturity Assessment Using Cone Beam Computed Tomography
Authors: Agarwal DrAkshay
Published: June 2024

Submitted a manuscript based on format as prescribed by University Journal of Dental Sciences. The aim of the present study was to assess and compare skeletal maturity with use of three radiographic techniques and methods i.e Cone Beam Computed Tomography, Lateral Cephalography and hand wrist radiograph middle phalanx of third finger. We concluded, skeletal maturity can be assessed in CBCT or lateral cephalogram reliably along with their primary indications, eliminating hand wrist radiograph for skeletal maturity assessment. This will reduce radiation exposure and cost of treatment to patient.
The Spectrum of Disorder : Cleidocranial Dysplasia
Authors: Khanal Nirmala
Published: June 2024

Cleidocranial dysplasia (CCD) is a complex congenital defect characterized by dysplastic bone formation. It is caused by mutations in 6p21 gene encoding transcription factor Core Binding Factor Subunit Alpha 1 ( CBFA1) or Runt related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2) , which is involved in osteoblasts differentiation and bone formation. This paper reports a case of 20 year old female patient with cleidocranial dysplasia and the characteristic routine radiographs aided diagnostic conclusion to the case.
Comparison of Dentoskeletal Changes In Skeletal Class II Malocclusion Using two Different Fixed Functional Appliances: A 2 Case Report
Authors: Dadhwal Sahira , Isha Aggarwal  , Sanjay Mittal  , Merry  , Abida Parveen
Published: June 2024

Introduction: Class II malocclusion refers to an anteroposterior discrepancy that could be characterized by a dentoalveolar and/or skeletal involvement. When skeletal involvement is present, mandibular retrusion is the primary etiological factor. Several methods have been proposed for treatment of this malocclusion and their choice would depend on the degree of dentoalveolar or skeletal involvement, patient growth pattern, age, cooperation and main complaint. Fixed functional appliances are an excellent option in patients with growth potential. These appliances have the advantage of not depending on patient compliance, which may be related to more predictability. Aim: This article presents 2 case reports that compare the dentoskeletal changes of patients diagnosed with skeletal class II treated with Forsus fatigue resistant device (FFRD) and Powerscope class II corrector (PS). Conclusion: Power Scope Class II corrector and Forsus fatigue resistant device (FFRD) are promising appliances that is relatively simple to install and easy to maintain by patients this directly helps the orthodontist in maintaining patient compliance to achieve the predicted treatment outcome.
Digital Wellness Framework for Online Learning
Authors: Palalas Agnieszka , Doran Mae
Published: June 2024

The ever-changing digital context, digital habits and pressures, demands and practices, often contribute to online learners experiencing burnout, stress, fatigue, sleep deprivation, cognitive overwhelm, and work-life imbalance, just to mention a few issues identified in literature. With the rise of online learning offerings, an increasing number of educators across diverse contexts and disciplines are faced with questions pertaining to the optimal experience and design for online learning. Current research has highlighted both positive and negative impacts of teaching and learning in the digital space. This online learning design debate has identified a need for practices that contribute to the holistic wellbeing of learners rather than merely cognitive outcomes. There is a need for an evidence-based pedagogical framework centred on wellbeing that enables the creation of learning “by design”. This research, applying secondary data analysis and a mindfulness-informed lens, results in such a framework, i.e., the DW-FOLD: Digital Wellness Framework for Online Learning – to guide intentional use of technology and online learning pedagogical principles that ensure active and meaningful learning while using technology for the good of all learners.
Métodos de estimativa de evapotranspiração para o feijoeiro irrigado
Authors: Salgado Victor Ebenézer Dias , Lopes Adriano da Silva , Fanaya Júnior Éder Duarte , Franco Jhonatan da Silva , Souto Filho Sebastião Nilce
Published: June 2024

O cultivo do feijão obteve uma intensificação em sua produtividade com a adesão da terceira safra, variedades mais precoces e irrigação, principalmente via pivô central. A estimativa da evapotranspiração de referência (ETo) é fundamental para o manejo da irrigação  e o delineamento do balanço hídrico da cultura. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o desempenho de cinco métodos empíricos de ETo (Hargreaves-Samani, Priestley &Taylor, Benevides-Lopes, Hamon e Jensen- Haise), comparados ao padrão Penman-Monteith FAO- 56, na região de Aquidauana, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brasil. O estudo foi realizado na Universidade Estadual de Mato Grosso do Sul, cuja as variáveis climáticas utilizadas foram obtidas na estação Meteorológica da Unidade Universitária no ano de 2020. A comparação  dos valores de ETo foi realizada com base nos parâmetros coeficiente de determinação, índice de concordância de Willmott, índice de desempenho, estimativa do erro padrão, erro médio absoluto e raiz quadrada do quadrado médio do erro. O método Priestley & Taylor pode ser indicado para o manejo de irrigação na cultura do feijoeiro de inverno em Aquidauana-MS. Os métodos de estimativa de ETO que utilizam saldo de radiação solar como um de seus componentes apresentam melhor desempenho em comparação aos demais.
Kafkas Adının Etimolojisi [On the Etymology of the Caucasus]
Authors: Yaqubova Nusaba
Published: June 2024

Tarihsel ve coğrafi açıdan Kafkasya bölgesi, batıda Azak ve Karadeniz, doğuda Hazar Denizi olmak üzere üç denizle sınırlanmıştır ve Büyük Kafkas dağ silsilesi ile kesişen Taman Yarımadası'ndan güneye-Abşeron yarımadasına kadar olan alanı kapsamaktadır. Uzunluğu 1200 km²'yi bulan Büyük Kafkas dağ silsilesi bu bölgeyi hem coğrafi hem de politik olarak iki kısma ayırmaktadır: Azerbaycan, Gürcistan ve Ermenistan'ı kapsayan Güney Kafkasya ve Kuzey Kafkasya.Bilindiği üzere Kafkasya'nın üç kıtayı transit ticaret yolları ile birbirine bağlayan bir konuma sahip olması, onu jeopolitik ve jeostratejik açıdan dünyanın en ilgi çekici bölgelerinden biri haline getirmiştir.
Farklı tarihi dönemlerde Kafkasya isminin kökeni hakkında birçok hipotez ortaya atılmıştır.Antik yazılı metinlerde "Kafkasya" ismi ilk kez Yunan düşünürü Aeschylus tarafından anılmış ve bu isim çeşitli değişikliklerle günümüze kadar gelmiştir.Bu yazıda Kafkasya'nın kökeni ve bu ismin ortaya çıkışı hakkında bilgiler yer almaktadır.Buna göre birçok antik kaynak, farklı halklara ait mitler, ortaçağ kaynakları ve 19. yüzyıl seyyahlarının, yazarlarının, filologlarının ve tarihçilerinin farklı ve benzer yaklaşımları sınıflandırılarak incelenmektedir.
Güney Kafkasya’ya Dair Kaynaklarda Roma-Albanya İlişkileri [Rome-Albanian Relations in Sources About The South Caucasia]
Authors: Aliyeva Gunay
Published: June 2024

Kafkasya, M.Ö. 3. binyıldan günümüze kadar, Antik Doğu halkları, Küçük Asya halkları, Doğu Akdeniz halkları arasında, Mezopotamya ve Güney-Batı Avrupa halklarının yakın kültürel ilişkiler yaşadığı, Doğu ile Batı arasında köprü görevi gören bir bölge olmuştur. Özellikle çok eski çağlardan bu yana Güney Kafkasya, renkli kültürlerin ve çeşitli halkların derin izler bıraktığı, zengin bir tarihe sahip bir bölgedir. Kafkasya'nın elverişli coğrafi konumu, bu bölgelerin eski çağlardan beri çeşitli kavim ve halkların saldırılarına uğramasına neden olmuş, aktif siyasi süreçler bölgenin tarihi ve etnik yapısı üzerinde ciddi etkiler yaratmıştır. Antik dünyanın büyük devletlerinden biri olan Roma'nın uzak doğu bölgeleri sayılan Albanya ve komşusu İberya her zaman ilgi odağı olmuş ve bu ülkeler M.Ö. 1. yüzyılda Romalıların askeri planlarında önemli bir yer tutmaya başlamıştır.
Bu bakımdan antik kaynaklar Kafkas halklarının tarihini yansıtan önemli yazılı kaynaklar olarak değerlendirilmektedir. Bu kaynaklar, özellikle Yunanca kaynaklar, M.Ö 6. yüzyıldan itibaren Kafkasya halkları hakkındaki bilgileri sistemli bir şekilde kayıt altına alır. Siyasi süreçlere gelince, Büyük İskender'in M.Ö 4. yüzyılda Doğu'ya ilerlemesi ve imparatorluğunun dağılması sonucunda, Kafkasya'daki iki devletin (Albanya ve Atropatena) Roma ile ilişkileri konusunda Romalı tarihçilerin eserlerinden zengin bir kaynak olarak yararlanabiliriz.
The Hauntologic Imagination of Lesley Blanch: The Exotic Other, Mission Civilisatrice and Lost Objects in The Sabres of Paradise [Lesley Blanch'in Hortolojik Hayalgücü: Cennetin Kılıçları'nda Egzotik Öteki, Medenileştirme Misyonu ve Kayıp Nesneler]
Authors: Topçu Kerem B.
Published: June 2024

The Sabres of Paradise, a book written by British historian Lesley Blanch is a novel that focuses particularly on the so-called “Murid Wars”, an important instance of Russia's conquest of the Caucasus and the subsequent genocide and deportation of its autochthonous peoples. Drawing from accounts of the descendants of figures such as Imam Shamil and Hadji Murat, the novel also uses Russian and British accounts to paint a picture of the resistance of the peoples of the Caucasus against the invading Russians. However, Blanch’s book, despite painting a seemingly favorable picture of the Caucasus and its peoples, suffers from a reproduction of the colonialist narrative that is pushed by Imperial Russia. The reasoning behind this unfortunate reproduction lies in the authorial unconscious of Lesley Blanch, which is analyzed through a comparison of The Sabres of Paradise and her another work Journey Into the Mind’s Eye: Fragments of an Autobiography. By adopting an approach that utilizes the work of Jacques Derrida, Jacques Lacan and a number of psychoanalytical critics, this study aims to trace and put into perspective Blanch’s reproduction of the Russian colonialist narrative towards the Caucasus by drawing from work of scholars such as Irvin Cemil Schick and Madina Tlostanova while at the same time analyzing the reviews of The Sabres of Paradise. The study argues that Blanch reproduces the colonial narrative due to a process of loss that is highlighted in Journey into the Mind’s Eye: Fragments of an Autobiography. This argument is supported by utilization of concept of Hauntology put forward by Derrida, an application of the theory of loss and mourning put forward by Freud, and a summary of Lacan’s approach towards desire. The postcolonial [or decolonial] framework of this study owes its debt chiefly to Madina Tlostanova’s Gender Epistemologies and Eurasian Borderlands as it is used as a framework for Blanch’s exoticizing and fetishizing perspective towards the Caucasus Male and the Caucasus Women in The Sabres of Paradise.
Mega-churches and the neo-Pentecostalisation of South Africa’s black middle class
Authors:   , Ngoma Amuzweni Lerato
Published: June 2024

This thesis argues that the presence and expansion of South African neo-Pentecostal Charismatic Churches (neo-PCCs) and mega-churches holds significant political economy consequences. Methodologically, the thesis is anchored on digital and in-person ethnography, life history and in-depth interviews. The central argument of this thesis is that neo-PCCs and mega-churches are holding spaces for societal change. The symbolic capital of neo-PCCs and mega-churches and the neo-Pentecostalised habitus, which is co-produced by middle-classes acts as a conduit that facilitates social transitions of political and economic orders. Indeed, religion emerges as a transition mechanism as Durkheim argued for France. It has helped South African social groups to extricate themselves from racist discourses, foster non-racialism and build empowered, somewhat deracialised modern middle-class discourses and tastes. White and Black middle classes have co-produced neo-Pentecostal habiti in the post-apartheid era, that have first, built dispositions for neoliberal capital democracy from apartheid capitalism, second as a middle classing and elite making mechanism and field, third as a stabilising, consolidating and upward strategy of social reproduction. In this way, neo-PCCs and the Black middle class have significantly affected the post-apartheid social formation by producing dispositions that uphold financialised neoliberal capitalism. Significantly, accumulated cultural capital is an indispensable resource in initiating and building post-apartheid institutions. As in the neo-PCC field, it has been pastors, prophets and bishops that have demonstrated the capability to accumulate, transubstantiate and maintain cultural capital that has made their churches comparatively durable social institutions. In a political economy context of state-capture and corruption, a post-GFC-and-COVID-19 milieu characterised by the absence of economic growth, rising unemployment, business closure and ever-increasing interest rates that affect indebted middle-class households and the poor alike, the mega-churches studied herein and their neo-Pentecostalised Black middle class adherents expressed an intense dislike for South African politicians across party lines, and especially the poor performance of the African National Congress-dominated state. So that it is possible that mega-churches and their leaders will outlive many new political parties and independents in the same way that they have outlived post-1994 political parties such as the New National Party, Agang South Africa and the Independent Democrats. Much like the buffer Black middle class that was promoted by the apartheid state as a project of reforming apartheid in the 1970s, whose political activism was pragramatically disengaged, this will likely continue, unless if, generally the post-apartheid Black middle classes shift their sociality from in-ward looking-enclaved social anxiety.
Beyond mastery: jazz, gender and power in postapartheid South Africa
Authors:   , Williams Ulagh
Published: June 2024

This dissertation studies the musical lives of seven South African women who have built highprofile national and international careers as jazz musicians. Empirically it records self-reported experiences and actions that they have identified as relevant to their success within a notoriously patriarchal field. Drawing on feminist research methods and Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis the dissertation strives to develop an empathic yet critical epistemological framework attuned to the complexities of their lived experiences as women and as jazz musicians. Theoretically it investigates the power relations at play in the myriad ways they negotiate or have been impelled to negotiate gender and patriarchy as musicians. Chapter one draws attention to the ubiquity of patriarchy in South African and international jazz culture, and highlights the research participants’ numerous successes to date as performers, educators, composers, and bandleaders. Chapter two positions this study in relation to cognate work in South African jazz studies, international feminist jazz studies and feminist phenomenology. Chapters three to five successively consider the participants’ early enculturation as musical and gendered subjects, their agentic responses to structures of patriarchy and/or race as emerging and established professionals, and the ways these experiences have found expression in some of their musical utterances as performers and composers. Fusing art and activism, the participants challenge and transcend masculinist discourses of mastery that still dominate South African jazz as a field of production and aesthetic practice.
Lifting the veil on the 'Untouchable': a study of Muslims living with HIV in Durban, South Africa
Authors:   , Shaik Shabnam
Published: June 2024

HIV and AIDS has been prominently studied, by both biomedical and social scientists, since the 1980s. Despite the extensive research that has emerged globally, Muslims have largely been absent in much of the discourse on HIV and AIDS. While the disease is said to be under control in many parts of the world, hidden populations pose a risk to increase in prevalence. Muslims living with HIV are one such hidden population and are only recently gaining representation in studies on HIV and AIDS. Quantitative studies reflect a sharp increase in HIV prevalence in countries with significant Muslim populations, however, more in-depth qualitative studies are needed to garner an understanding of the nature of the disease among Muslims. Muslims have a long history in South Africa, beginning with indentured slavery in Natal (now KwaZulu-Natal) in 1860. There are no specific HIV and AIDS prevention campaigns directed at Muslims in Durban, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. Muslims in Durban do not regard HIV is a significant concern for them due to religious doctrine, which they believe if followed will keep them safe from infection. My findings suggest that there is cause for concern over the spread of HIV and AIDS amongst Muslims in Durban. The hidden nature of the disease in the Muslim community has created challenges to curbing the spread of the disease due to the concealment of its presence and the marginalisation of Muslims living with HIV and AIDS. This study conceptualises the HIV and AIDS lived experience amongst Muslims in Durban, South Africa, and uncovers the social and cultural context of the disease. The qualitative study used life histories with ten Muslims living with HIV and semi-structured and unstructured interviews with ten caregivers, five health care professionals and two religious leaders to gain a detailed understanding of the lived experiences of Muslims in Durban. Through the lenses of Purity and Danger, Stigma and Spoilt Identity, and Social Death, this study found that religion [Islam] and its strong moral code influences understandings and perceptions of HIV and AIDS which, in turn affects diagnosis, treatment, care, social identity, and the social well-being of Muslims living with HIV who face stigma, discrimination, shame, and ostracisation from their own community. This study highlights the gaps in the literature on Muslims living with HIV and by providing insight into the lives of participants, the study draws attention to the plight of Muslims living with HIV and AIDS (MLWHIV) and encourages more qualitative studies to be conducted so that a multifaceted understanding of Muslims living with HIV can be created.
A formative evaluation and critical analysis of an alcohol and pregnancy intervention in the Eastern Cape of South Africa
Authors:   , Graham Nicola Susan Jearey
Published: June 2024

Some communities in South Africa have the highest documented rates of Foetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders (FASD) in the world. Interventions to reduce alcohol consumption during pregnancy are crucial, but evaluations of such interventions are sparse. Formative evaluations are indicated to assist in the development of interventions. Harmful alcohol consumption during pregnancy is undergirded by a range of social injustices, including those imposed by colonisation and patriarchy; a feminist, decolonial approach to evaluations is, therefore, important. A research project, consisting of three arms, examined alcohol use during pregnancy in an under-resourced urban area of the Eastern Cape, and this research was one of those arms. An intervention was being rolled out in this area and I gathered a range of data from it. I engaged in a formative evaluation of it, and I reflect on the difficulties that I encountered in this endeavour. In the bulk of this thesis, I examine the power apparatuses and technologies that were used during the intervention to discursively position pregnant women. My analysis was guided by Foucauldian and post-Foucauldian theories, using Foucauldian Discourse Analysis and simplified Conversation Analysis (CA). Power apparatuses of coloniality, patriarchy, and pastoral power were used in the intervention to construct positions for pregnant women who drink alcohol as ignorant children, sinners, criminals, or “Mommies”. The foetus was constructed as a precious, vulnerable baby, while the person with FASD was constructed as the defiled Other, responsible for societal dissolution. The intervention used various disciplinary techniques to exhort women to follow their dictates. Women were generally compliant with being positioned as ignorant children, which absolved them from any blame for pre-natal drinking. However, some resistance was evident. I then introduce an ethics of care and justice, and I argue that pregnant/newly parenting women need to be positioned within such an ethics, which acknowledges both the universal resources that they require for reproductive freedoms, as well as their particular care needs. I highlight the few times when women were positioned in this way in the data, and I look at how the common positions could be altered or expanded to promote such an ethics. I conclude by arguing that alcohol use during pregnancy cannot be separated from the larger context of the cultural hegemony of alcohol use in some communities, and the social injustices that potentiate this use. I provide suggestions for country-wide policies and interventions, as well as specific FASD prevention programmes, and I argue that a feminist decolonising approach, within an ethics of care and justice, should guide interventions at all levels.
Enhancing the electrocatalytic activity of phthalocyanines through finding the ideal combination of substituents in push-pull phthalocyanine-based systems
Authors:   , Nkhahle Reitumetse Precious
Published: June 2024

Phthalocyanines (Pcs) are a class of synthetic pigments with a similar structure to porphyrins. The work presented in this thesis is centred around these electron-rich macrocycles and their use in electrocatalysis. This body of work provides a more rigorous analysis on asymmetric Pcs, focusing on finding the “ideal” combination of substituents in the synthesis of A3B-type Pcs and how these asymmetric structures compare with their symmetric counterparts (A4) in the electrocatalysis of hydrazine and nitrite. The choice in substituents in the syntheses of the Pcs was such that there is both electron-donating and electron-withdrawing groups to induce a push-pull effect. In the studies involving the electrocatalysis of hydrazine, asymmetric cobalt Pcs (CoPcs) possessing alkyl groups as the primary substituents, with variations in the acid-containing group, along with their symmetric counterparts, probes with potential for further improvement were identified. Using voltammetric and amperometric techniques, the analyte-electrode kinetics, mechanism in which the electrochemical reaction proceeds along with the limits of detection (LoD) were determined. In the general sense, the pentadecylphenoxy-derived CoPcs performed better than those containing the tert-butyl substituent as the dominant substituent with the asymmetric CoPcs producing more favourable results than their symmetric analogues. With respect to the probes designed for nitrite, a multi-dimensional approach was undertaken in that acetaminophen was chosen as the primary substituent whilst multiple changes in the asymmetric component were made. In addition to varying the carboxylic acid-containing substituent, alkyne- and amine-based substituents were also explored in which the alkyne-containing Pc was anchored onto the electrode surface through click chemistry while the amine-bearing Pc was covalently linked (and π-stacked) to nitrogen-doped graphene quantum dots (NGQDs). Another component that was altered was the central metal where CoPcs were compared to manganese Pcs (MnPcs). The most desirable peak oxidation potential for nitrite was observed in the MnPcs as it was the lowest with adsorption sometimes being a better suited method of electrode modification relative to clicking. The inclusion of NGQDs was found to be beneficial when combined with the symmetric CoPc whilst in the presence of an asymmetric Pc complex, less desirable results were observed. Overall, there were variations in the results with the symmetric CoPc sometimes being better than some of the asymmetric CoPcs demonstrating that a blanket-approach in terms of synthesizing and applying asymmetric Pcs is not always viable.
A fenomenologia da percepção de Merleau-Ponty a partir do corpo e a educação (em ciências)
Authors: Dos Santos Valdirene Aparecida Araujo , De Sousa Robson Simplicio
Published: June 2024

Este trabalho tem como objetivo apresentar a Fenomenologia da Percepção e da Corporeidade de Merleau-Ponty e suas influências na Educação (em Ciências). Iniciamos apresentando a Fenomenologia da Percepção de Merleau-Ponty, elaborada a partir de suas compreensões sobre a obra Ideias II de Husserl e sua influência da teoria Gestalt. Para Merleau-Ponty, a percepção do mundo só pode acontecer a partir do Corpo, por isso, sua fenomenologia é conhecida como Fenomenologia da Corporeidade. Nela Merleau-Ponty apresenta três tipos de Corpo: o corpo objeto, o Corpo sujeito e o Corpo próprio ou vivido, este último, é um Corpo que sente, percebe, vive e experiencia, por isso, é primordial nas nossas relações com o mundo. Uma vez que é pelo Corpo que experienciamos o mundo, mostramos como ele se apresenta na Educação (em Ciências). Percebemos nela, a necessidade da corporeidade em sala de aula para aproximar os fenômenos percebidos à existência dos alunos. Assim, defendemos que abordagem fenomenológica é um caminho educacional que possibilita a percepção do mundo-escola-vida a partir das nossas experiências corporais, da nossa interação com o outro e com o mundo em que vivemos.
In vitro Evaluations of Anti-inflammatory and Antioxidant Activity of Ethanolic Leaf Extract of Gymnema sylvestre R. Br
Authors: Pachiappan Sudhakar
Published: June 2024

Gymnema sylvestre (Apocynaceae) is a well-known anti-diabetic herb used in various traditional Indian medicinal systems including Ayurveda and modern medicine. It is a source of diverse phytoconstituents and was reported to be used to treat various diseases. Hence our study aimed to evaluate the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties of Gymnema sylvestre by in vitro techniques. The ethanolic leaves extract of G. sylvestre was preliminarily screened to identify the presence of various phytoconstituents, and further analyzed for total alkaloids, flavonoids, phytosterols, and saponins estimations. The in vitro anti-inflammatory activity was assayed by human red blood cell (HRBC) membrane stabilization and protein denaturation assay, while antioxidant activity was assessed by DPPH and nitric oxide scavenging assay. Our study results showed that the ethanolic leaf extract of G. sylvestre exhibited dose-dependent anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activity. Preliminary phytochemical screening revealed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, phytosterols, tannins, phenolic compounds, terpenoids, glycosides, carbohydrates, sugars, proteins, amino acids, and saponins. Quantitative analysis showed high content of saponin 32.44 ± 5.65 mg diosgenin/g, followed by steroidal content 26.30 ± 3.96 mg cholesterol/g, flavonoids 17.66 ± 0.43 mg QE/g, and alkaloids 10.33 ± 0.97 mg AE/g. These results further authenticate the claim and use of G. sylvestre in traditional medicine to treat inflammation and oxidative stress.