bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Metabolite activity in the anterior cingulate cortex during a painful stimulus using functional MRS
Authors: Archibald J. , MacMillan E. L. , Graf C. , Kozlowski P. , Laule C. , Kramer J. L. K.
Published: November 2020

To understand neurochemical brain responses to pain, proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS) is used in humans in vivo to examine various metabolites. Recent MRS investigations have adopted a functional approach, where acquisitions of MRS are performed over time to track task-related changes. Previous studies suggest glutamate is of primary interest, as it may play a role during cortical processing of noxious stimuli. The objective of this study was to examine the metabolic effect (i.e., glutamate) in the anterior cingulate cortex during noxious stimulation using fMRS. The analysis addressed changes in glutamate and glutamate + glutamine (Glx) associated with the onset of pain, and the degree by which fluctuations in metabolites corresponded with continuous pain outcomes. Results suggest healthy participants undergoing tonic noxious stimulation demonstrated increased concentrations of glutamate and Glx at the onset of pain. Subsequent reports of pain were not accompanied by corresponding changes in glutamate of Glx concentrations. An exploratory analysis on sex revealed large effect size changes in glutamate at pain onset in female participants, compared with medium-sized effects in male participants. We propose a role for glutamate in the ACC related to the detection of a noxious stimulus.
Anisotropic optical properties of single Si2Te3 nanoplates
Authors: Chen Jiyang , Bhattarai Romakanta , Cui Jingbiao , Shen Xiao , Hoang Thang
Published: November 2020

We report a combined experimental and computational study of the optical properties of individual silicon telluride (Si2Te3) nanoplates. The p-type semiconductor Si2Te3 has a unique layered crystal structure with hexagonal closed-packed Te sublattices and Si–Si dimers occupying octahedral intercalation sites. The orientation of the silicon dimers leads to unique optical and electronic properties. Two-dimensional Si2Te3 nanoplates with thicknesses of hundreds of nanometers and lateral sizes of tens of micrometers are synthesized by a chemical vapor deposition technique. At temperatures below 150 K, the Si2Te3 nanoplates exhibit a direct band structure with a band gap energy of 2.394 eV at 7 K and an estimated free exciton binding energy of 150 meV. Polarized reflection measurements at different temperatures show anisotropy in the absorption coefficient due to an anisotropic orientation of the silicon dimers, which is in excellent agreement with theoretical calculations of the dielectric functions. Polarized Raman measurements of single Si2Te3 nanoplates at different temperatures reveal various vibrational modes, which agree with density functional perturbation theory calculations. The unique structural and optical properties of nanostructured Si2Te3 hold great potential applications in optoelectronics and chemical sensing.
An iron corrosion-assisted H2-supplying system: a culture method for methanogens and acetogens under low H2 pressures
Authors: Kato Souichiro , Takashino Motoko , Igarashi Kensuke , Mochimaru Hanako , Mayumi Daisuke , Tamaki Hideyuki
Published: November 2020

H2 is an important fermentation intermediate in anaerobic environments. Although H2 occurs at very low partial pressures in the environments, the culture and isolation of H2-utilizing microorganisms is usually carried out under very high H2 pressures, which might have hampered the discovery and understanding of microorganisms adapting to low H2 environments. Here we constructed a culture system designated the “iron corrosion-assisted H2-supplying (iCH) system” by connecting the gas phases of two vials (one for the iron corrosion reaction and the other for culturing microorganisms) to achieve cultures of microorganisms under low H2 pressures. We conducted enrichment cultures for methanogens and acetogens using rice paddy field soil as the microbial source. In the enrichment culture of methanogens under canonical high H2 pressures, only Methanobacterium spp. were enriched. By contrast, Methanocella spp. and Methanoculleus spp., methanogens adapting to low H2 pressures, were specifically enriched in the iCH cultures. We also observed selective enrichment of acetogen species by the iCH system (Acetobacterium spp. and Sporomusa spp.), whereas Clostridium spp. predominated in the high H2 cultures. These results demonstrate that the iCH system facilitates culture of anaerobic microorganisms under low H2 pressures, which will enable the selective culture of microorganisms adapting to low H2 environments.
Overuse of reliever inhalers and associated healthcare utilization of asthma patients
Authors: Hadad Ronit , Likhtenshtein Diana , Maimon Nimrod , Simon-Tuval Tzahit
Published: November 2020

Global Initiative for Asthma 2019 guidelines recommend to avoid strengthening patients’ reliance on relievers since they increase exacerbation risk. Our aim was to examine the association between reliever inhalers overuse and all-cause healthcare utilization (HCU). A retrospective study among Clalit Health Services (CHS) adult enrollees (n = 977) for 2012–2017. Reliever inhalers overuse was defined as consistent prescription refills of ≥ 3 canisters annually. Adherence to controllers was calculated using the proportion of days covered. HCU included: hospitalizations, diagnostic and surgical procedures, medications, emergency room (ER) visits, and clinic visits. 27% of the study population (n = 264) consistently refilled ≥ 3 relievers prescriptions annually, and had higher adherence to controllers (0.38 vs. 0.24, p < 0.001). Their total 6-year HCU costs were not higher than that of others ($5,550 vs. $5,562, p = 0.107). Most HCU components [including hospitalization (p = 0.405) and ER visits (p = 0.884)] were comparable; however, medication costs were higher ($1734 vs. $1504, p < 0.001). A multivariable ordered-logit model revealed that frequent and regular use of relievers was not associated with higher HCU costs (OR = 0.82, 95% CI 0.62–1.09, p = 0.175). Higher adherence to maintenance and reliever therapy (OR = 2.18, 95% CI 1.44–3.28, p < 0.001), other controllers (OR = 3.30, 95% CI 2.11–5.16, p < 0.001), and nebulized SABAs and SAMAs (OR = 1.08, 95% CI 1.02–1.14, p = 0.007) was associated with higher costs. Overuse of reliever inhalers was prevalent and associated with higher adherence to controllers, yet not associated with higher all-cause HCU. This highlights the need to examine the sources of elevated usage in order to develop intervention strategies to optimize pharmaceutical therapy of asthma patients.
Deep learning-based model for detecting 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia on high-resolution computed tomography
Authors: Chen Jun , Wu Lianlian , Zhang Jun , Zhang Liang , Gong Dexin , Zhao Yilin , Chen Qiuxiang , Huang Shulan , Yang Ming , Yang Xiao , Hu Shan , Wang Yonggui , Hu Xiao , Zheng Biqing , Zhang Kuo , Wu Huiling , Dong Zehua , Xu Youming , Zhu Yijie , Chen Xi , Zhang Mengjiao , Yu Lilei , Cheng Fan , Yu Honggang
Published: November 2020

Computed tomography (CT) is the preferred imaging method for diagnosing 2019 novel coronavirus (COVID19) pneumonia. We aimed to construct a system based on deep learning for detecting COVID-19 pneumonia on high resolution CT. For model development and validation, 46,096 anonymous images from 106 admitted patients, including 51 patients of laboratory confirmed COVID-19 pneumonia and 55 control patients of other diseases in Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University were retrospectively collected. Twenty-seven prospective consecutive patients in Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University were collected to evaluate the efficiency of radiologists against 2019-CoV pneumonia with that of the model. An external test was conducted in Qianjiang Central Hospital to estimate the system’s robustness. The model achieved a per-patient accuracy of 95.24% and a per-image accuracy of 98.85% in internal retrospective dataset. For 27 internal prospective patients, the system achieved a comparable performance to that of expert radiologist. In external dataset, it achieved an accuracy of 96%. With the assistance of the model, the reading time of radiologists was greatly decreased by 65%. The deep learning model showed a comparable performance with expert radiologist, and greatly improved the efficiency of radiologists in clinical practice.
Endocytoscopic observation with methylene blue staining for duodenal neoplasms associated with familial adenomatous polyposis
Authors: Kumagai Youichi , Yamamoto Eisuke , Higashi Morihiro , Ishiguro Toru , Hatano Satoshi , Toyomasu Yoshitaka , Amano Kunihiko , Suzuki Okihide , Ishibashi Kei-ichiro , Mochiki Erito , Tamaru Jun-ichi , Ishida Hideyuki
Published: November 2020

Duodenal cancer is a leading cause of death after colectomy in patients with familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP). Detailed endoscopic evaluation of duodenal lesions with potential for carcinoma development is therefore mandatory. Here we investigated the features of duodenal lesions in FAP patients using an endocytoscopy system (ECS). We retrospectively reviewed duodenal lesions in 15 cases of FAP using an ECS (GIF-H290EC) with methylene blue (MB) as the vital dye. With reference to the Spigelman classification, we investigated the number of lesions using white light (WL), narrow-band imaging (NBI), and MB staining. Using the maximum magnification power of the ECS we investigated the histology (duct openings or finger-like projections) and grade of dysplasia (presence or absence of enlarged oval-shaped nuclei) of the lesions. The number of duodenal lesions increased in ascending order of WL, NBI, and MB (P < 0.05). Among 51 MB-unstained lesions, 46 (90.2%) were proven to be duodenal neoplasms histologically. Duct openings were seen in 90.2% of tubular adenomas and tubulovillous adenomas. Finger-like projections were seen in 33.3% of tubular adenomas and in 88.2% of tubulovillous adenomas. Enlarged oval-shaped nuclei were observed in 100% of duodenal cancers, 33.3% of high-grade adenomas, and 9.4% of low-grade adenomas. MB staining allows more accurate detection of duodenal neoplasms in comparison to conventional WL and NBI observation. In cases of FAP, use of the maximum magnification power of the ECS may allow selection of lesions with high malignant potential.
Targeting PSMD14 inhibits melanoma growth through SMAD3 stabilization
Authors: Yokoyama Satoru , Iwakami Yusuke , Hang Zhao , Kin Ryoei , Zhou Yue , Yasuta Yutaka , Takahashi Atsushi , Hayakawa Yoshihiro , Sakurai Hiroaki
Published: November 2020

Although melanoma therapy is improved by novel molecular targeted reagents, including vemurafenib, aberrant proliferation and early metastasis remain obstacles for melanoma; therefore, novel target molecules for melanoma need to be identified. In this study, we focused on deubiquitinating enzymes, which regulate protein stability through ubiquitin–proteasome systems, and identified 26S proteasome non-ATPase regulatory subunit 14 (PSMD14) as a molecule related to melanoma growth using siRNA library screening. Similar to a previous report, PSMD14 knockdown strongly induced p21 expression and inhibited RB phosphorylation in melanoma. After in silico analysis, TGF-β signaling was identified as a negatively correlated gene set with PSMD14 expression. Although TGF-β signaling is also related to the invasive phenotype of melanoma, PSMD14 knockdown suppressed melanoma migration and reduced SLUG expression, suggesting that targeting PSMD14 suppresses both growth and migration. Furthermore, SMAD3 expression increased in nucleus and SMAD3 degradation was delayed after PSMD14 knockdown. Thus, our present study suggests that targeting PSMD14 can inhibit melanoma growth and migration through either SMAD3 accumulation or SLUG reduction, respectively.
Publisher Correction: Reservoir characteristics and logging evaluation of gas − bearing mudstone in the south of North China Plain
Authors: Liu Liang , Pan Heping , Lin Zhenzhou , Zhang Shihui , Qin Zhen , Li Jianwei , Huang Guoshu , Wang Lei , Li Dong
Published: November 2020

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.
Author Correction: Upconversion optogenetic micro-nanosystem optically controls the secretion of light-responsive bacteria for systemic immunity regulation
Authors: Yang Chun , Cui Meihui , Zhang Yingying , Pan Huizhuo , Liu Jing , Wang Shixing , Ma Ning , Chang Jin , Sun Tao , Wang Hanjie
Published: November 2020

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.
Introduction: Vanadium, Its Compounds and Applications
Authors: Sutradhar Manas , Da Silva José Armando L. , Pombeiro Armando J. L.
Published: November 2020

This chapter provides an introduction to vanadium, its applications and compounds, and its use in catalysis. The second part of the chapter gives an overview of the topics covered in each chapter of the rest of the book.
Vanadium Oxides in Photocatalysis, Including Bare Oxides and VOx-based Organic–Inorganic Nanocomposites
Authors: Benavente E. , Aliaga J. , González G.
Published: November 2020

This chapter aims to provide an overview of the role and prospects of vanadium oxide photocatalysts in the light of the knowledge gathered from selected literature reports. Considering the widely known catalytic activity of oxo-vanadium species in conventional heterogeneous catalysis, we intend to explore the advantages and limitations of different types of vanadium-based catalysts to promote chemical reactions under generally mild and environment-friendly conditions, typical of photocatalysis. After a brief introduction on general topics related to vanadium-oxide chemistry and heterogeneous photocatalysis, we will review vanadium-oxide photocatalysts commenting on relevant aspects of their preparation, chemical characteristics and photocatalytic activity, including, where available, useful theoretical approaches to understand the role of vanadium oxides in catalyst performance. Along the second and following chapter sections – pure, supported, doping, composites, and inorganic-organic nanocomposites photocatalysts – we analyze selected catalysts roughly grouped according to their most common vanadia photocatalysts centres in the catalyst.
Vanadium-catalyzed Enantioselective C–C Bond-forming Reactions
Authors: Sako Makoto , Takizawa Shinobu , Sasai Hiroaki
Published: November 2020

This chapter describes the recent advances in the development of chiral vanadium complex-catalyzed oxidative-couplings of phenol derivatives. Catalysts containing a vanadium metal and a multidentate ligand prepared from salicylaldehyde derivatives and chiral amino acids provide chemists with a powerful tool for the efficient synthesis of optically active, axially chiral compounds, which can be readily transformed into bioactive compounds and chiral ligands.
In situ synthesis of superorganism-like Au NPs within microgels with ultra-wide absorption in visible and near-infrared regions for combined cancer therapy
Authors: Wang Shengtao , Wang Anhe , Ma Yuqi , Han Qingquan , Chen Yang , Li Xin , Wu Songyuan , Li Jieling , Bai Shuo , Yin Jian
Published: November 2020

The whole is a collection of parts and fulfills specific functions that the parts do not have.
Precisely tailored LaFeO3dendrites using urea and piperazine hexahydrate for the highly selective and sensitive detection of trace level acetone
Authors: Thiruppathi K. Palani , Nataraj Devaraj
Published: November 2020

A highly selective and sensitive detection of trace (10 ppb) level acetone sensing device was fabricated using precisely tailored LaFeO3dendrites.
Synergy between dynamic covalent boronic ester and boron–nitrogen coordination: strategy for self-healing polyurethane elastomers at room temperature with unprecedented mechanical properties
Authors: Song Kai , Ye Wujin , Gao Xingchen , Fang Huagao , Zhang Yaqiong , Zhang Qi , Li Xueliang , Yang Shanzhong , Wei Haibing , Ding Yunsheng
Published: November 2020

Boron–nitrogen coordination in polyurethane elastomers enhances the dynamics of the boronic ester while introduces inter- and intra-molecular interactions, leading to mechanical robustness and excellent self-healing efficiency simultaneously.
Inkjet printing of silver nanowires on flexible surfaces and methodologies to improve the conductivity and stability of the printed patterns
Authors: Patil Prathamesh , Patil Suneha , Kate Prachi , Kulkarni Amol A.
Published: November 2020

Inkjet printing of conductive tracks using Silver nanowires based inks (AgNWs) on rigid as well as flexible surfaces.
Rhodium doping augments photocatalytic activity of barium titanate: effect of electronic structure engineering
Authors: Bhat D. Krishna , Bantawal Harsha , Shenoy U. Sandhya
Published: November 2020

A combined experimental and theoretical study on enhanced photocatalytic performance of rhodium-doped barium titanate nanocubes via electronic structure engineering.
Recent advances in plasmonic nanocavities for single-molecule spectroscopy
Authors: Maccaferri Nicolò , Barbillon Grégory , Koya Alemayehu Nana , Lu Guowei , Acuna Guillermo P. , Garoli Denis
Published: November 2020

This mini-review reports the most recent results on plasmonic nanocavities applied to enhanced single-molecule detection and spectroscopy.
N-Allylation versus C-allylation of intermediates from aza-Michael adducts of arylideneisoxazol-5-ones
Authors: Wan Shu-Hao , Li Xuan-An , Liu Yi-Hung , Liu Shiuh-Tzung
Published: November 2020

N-Allylation versus C-allylation of arylideneisoxazol-5-ones was investigated to yield various substituted isoxazol-5-ones.
Oxidative nucleophilic alkoxylation of nitrobenzenes
Authors: Khutorianskyi Viktor V. , Baris Norbert , Beier Petr
Published: November 2020

Oxidative nucleophilic aromatic substitution of hydrogen in nitroaromatics with potassium alkoxides is reported.
The role of π-linkers and electron acceptors in tuning the nonlinear optical properties of BODIPY-based zwitterionic molecules
Authors: Sutradhar Tanushree , Misra Anirban
Published: November 2020

BODIPY-based zwitterionic molecules with pyridinium and imidazolium electron acceptors and thienothiophene π-linkers reveal significant first hyperpolarizability.
Pycnidiophorones A–D, four new cytochalasans from the wetland derived fungus Pycnidiophora dispersa
Authors: Zhao Chen , Liu Gaoran , Liu Xingzhong , Zhang Lan , Li Lin , Liu Ling
Published: November 2020

Four new 5/6/6/5/6 pentacyclic cytochalasan pycnidiophorones A–D (1–4) and six known depsidones were identified from the wetland-soil-derived fungus Pycnidiophora dispersa.
Re-evaluation of the mechanism of cytotoxicity of dialkylated lariat ether compounds
Authors: Carrasquel-Ursulaez Willy , Reeves Ryan D. , Dehghany Mahzad , Jones Corey , Schomaker Jennifer M. , Chanda Baron
Published: November 2020

The cytotoxicity of dialkylated lariat ethers has been previously attributed to their ionophoric properties.
Single-nucleotide resolution of N6-adenine methylation sites in DNA and RNA by nitrite sequencing
Authors: Mahdavi-Amiri Yasaman , Chung Kim Chung Kimberley , Hili Ryan
Published: November 2020

Chemoselective deamination of adenine in the presence of N6-methyladenine using nitrite enables single-nucleotide resolution sequencing of N6-adenine methylation sites in DNA and RNA.
Organic room-temperature phosphorescence from halogen-bonded organic frameworks: hidden electronic effects in rigidified chromophores
Authors: Zhou Jiawang , Stojanović Ljiljana , Berezin Andrey A. , Battisti Tommaso , Gill Abigail , Kariuki Benson M. , Bonifazi Davide , Crespo-Otero Rachel , Wasielewski Michael R. , Wu Yi-Lin
Published: November 2020

The number and position of halogen substituents in purely organic π–π* chromophores critically affect the efficiency of phosphorescence.
Machine learning meets mechanistic modelling for accurate prediction of experimental activation energies
Authors: Jorner Kjell , Brinck Tore , Norrby Per-Ola , Buttar David
Published: November 2020

Hybrid reactivity models, combining mechanistic calculations and machine learning with descriptors, are used to predict barriers for nucleophilic aromatic substitution.
Synthetic glycosidases for the precise hydrolysis of oligosaccharides and polysaccharides
Authors: Li Xiaowei , Zhao Yan
Published: November 2020

Synthetic glycosidases with a sugar-binding active site and a precisely positioned acidic group hydrolyze oligo- and polysaccharides selectively in hot water to afford desired sugar products in a single step.
Unraveling atomic-scale lithiation mechanisms in a NiO thin film electrode
Authors: Qu Ke , Ding Zhengping , Wu Mei , Liu Pengfei , Chen Shulin , Zhu Ruixue , Han Bo , Ma Xiumei , Gao Peng , Li Jiangyu
Published: November 2020

By using in situ TEM, we report a real-time and atomic-scale observation of Li migration into NiO thin film electrode, in which the ordered intermediate phase and topotactic phase transition during lithiation is uncovered.
KFSA/glyme electrolytes for 4 V-class K-ion batteries
Authors: Hosaka Tomooki , Matsuyama Tatsuo , Kubota Kei , Tatara Ryoichi , Komaba Shinichi
Published: November 2020

Highly concentrated electrolytes of KN(SO2F)2 (KFSA)/diglyme and KFSA/triglyme are developed for high-voltage K-ion batteries.
Advances in rechargeable Mg batteries
Authors: You Chaolin , Wu Xiongwei , Yuan Xinhai , Chen Yuhui , Liu Lili , Zhu Yusong , Fu Lijun , Wu Yuping , Guo Yu-Guo , van Ree Teunis
Published: November 2020

Great advances in rechargeable Mg batteries have been achieved. Through further exploration, their commercial application in the large-scale energy storage market will be realized soon.
Calcium peroxide-mediated in situ formation of multifunctional hydrogels with enhanced mesenchymal stem cell behaviors and antibacterial properties
Authors: Thi Phuong Le , Lee Yunki , Tran Dieu Linh , Hoang Thi Thai Thanh , Park Kyung Min , Park Ki Dong
Published: November 2020

CaO2 catalyzes the formation of in situ hydrogels with multifunctional properties through its decomposition into H2O2, O2, and Ca2+ ions.
A soft anti-virulence liposome realizing the explosive release of antibiotics at an infectious site to improve antimicrobial therapy
Authors: Zhang Shudong , Lu Xiang , Wang Binghua , Zhang Ge , Liu Mengyuan , Geng Shizhen , Sun Lulu , An Jingyi , Zhang Zhenzhong , Zhang Hongling
Published: November 2020

Pore-forming toxins (PFTs), the most common virulence proteins, are promising therapeutic keys in bacterial infections.
Achieving high energy efficiency and energy density in PbHfO3-based antiferroelectric ceramics
Authors: Chao Wenna , Yang Tongqing , Li Yongxiang
Published: November 2020

By chemical substitution, a high energy density of 7.63 J cm−3 and efficiency of 94% were achieved simultaneously in Pb0.98La0.02(HfxSn1−x)0.995O3 ceramics.
Salient object detection via reliability‐based depth compactness and depth contrast
Authors: Zhou Yang , Liu Xiaoqi , Zhang Yun , Yin Haibing , Lu Yu
Published: November 2020

It can be intuitively inferred that a high‐quality depth map can be used to quickly detect the salient region in stereo vision, implying that depth information plays an essential role in stereoscopic visual attention. However, existing methods generally use the depth map as an auxiliary cue to improve the saliency detection performance. In this study, the authors present an algorithm to directly detect the salient object from a high‐quality depth image. The proposed algorithm utilises a depth reliability indicator to assess the confidence of a depth image. Depth compactness, a novel feature that incorporates the depth reliability of the super‐pixels, is computed as a primary salient feature. Moreover, in order to enhance another salient feature (i.e. depth contrast), they develop a coarse background filtering method to suppress background interference. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method performs favourably against the popular depth‐aware saliency detection approaches at a lower computational cost.
Diagnostics of the manifestation of biological laws in animals
Authors: Shulga Nikolay , Trush Natalia , Sayapina Irina , Bugaeva Lyudmila
Published: November 2020

Rearing young farm animals in the early stages of postnatal ontogeny is a critical point. There are many aspects of theoretical and practical research on improving the safety and prevention of diseases of calves, but one of the main ones is a comprehensive knowledge of the morphofunctional and adaptive features of calves during the newborn period. To continue to exist in a modified environment is to maintain vital activity and some aspects of homeostasis that are characteristic of organisms of this species, this level of development of its nervous and hormonal mechanisms. When analyzing the incidence and death of calves, it was found that the transfer of calves from individual cells to General ones and the change of milk feeding to hay and mixed feed provokes the growth of diseases at the age of 10 days and older than one month (70%), and also dies at this age (58%). Morpho-physiological features of newborns are the impenetrability of the placenta of hoofed productive animals to the immunoglobulins of the mothers ’ blood. Nature has created a unique mechanism for receiving immunoglobulins in the body of newborn ungulates. After direct maternal immune protection during pregnancy ceases, nature replaces it with colostrum immune protection. To confirm and derive biological laws, the dynamics of immunoglobulins in the blood and colostrum of cows and pigs before and after childbirth were studied.
Epizootic features of the rabies manifestation In the Krasnodar region and the improvement of the combat measures
Authors: Bobrov Vadim , Zabashta Sergey , Chernykh Oleg , Chevchenko Aleksandr , Zykova Svetlana
Published: November 2020

Rabies is one of the top ten deadly human infections. It is found in more than 150 countries. Rabies is malignant progressive encephalitis that affects all mammalian animals due to its ubiquity and high lethality. It is still a widespread threat. The epizootic situation for rabies is unfavourable in most countries of the world, with the exception of some island states, as well as some countries in Western Europe. Despite the significant progress in improving the effectiveness of epizootic monitoring, introducing specific prevention tools into widespread veterinary and medical practice, as well as improving diagnostic tools, developing countries in Asia and Africa are considered to be disadvantaged territories. The Russian Federation and most of the countries that have a land border with the Russian Federation are endemic for rabies. At the same time, the fight against rabic infection can be successful with a scientific systematic integrated approach that takes into account all the issues of regional epizotology with the study of the found isolates distributed in certain areas that are included in natural foci of rabies. The basis of the antiepizootic measures for rabic infection are climatogeographic factors that can be used in the conditions of the Krasnodar territory.
Influence of chelated forms of trace elements on the live weight and livability of rearing stock of broilers
Authors: Pilyukshina Elena , Khaustov Vladimir , Ozhimkov Aleksandr , Rusanova Valentina , Popelyaev Alexey , Bondyreva Ludmila
Published: November 2020

Nowadays, organic forms of trace elements, which have a high bioavailability, and, as a consequence, have a beneficial effect on the body of animals and birds, are increasingly used in feeding. In this area, quite a lot of research has been carried out on the use of chelates in poultry feeding, but mainly for broiler chickens and laying hens. Therefore, the purpose of our study was the use of organic forms of trace elements such as iron, manganese, copper, zinc, and selenium in the diets of rearing stock of the parent flock of the ROSS cross. The experiment was carried out in the production conditions of the Novosafonovskaya poultry farm of Kuzbasskiy Broiler LLC and at the Small animal science department of the Altai State Agrarian University in 2020. The results of the experiment indicate that replacing 50% of the need for inorganic forms of iron, manganese, copper, zinc and selenium with organic analogs contributed to an increase in live weight, absolute and average daily gains of rearing stock. There was an increase in the uniformity of the flock in terms of live weight, both males and females. The crop percent of poultry in the experimental group was 3.2-4.6% higher due to a decrease not only in mortality, but also in culled chickens.
Gmbak1 and gmfls2, two genes response to bacterials disease of soybean
Authors: Zou Jianan , Xin Dawei , Chen Qingshan
Published: November 2020

Soybean bacterial disease is a worldwide disease that can cause yield and quality decline. Although the recognition of soybean bacterial diseases has been reported in detail, but for the identification of resistant and susceptible cultivars, different researchers have different methods and standards. To detect the pathogenic effect of bacterial diseases, we first separated bacterial strains from soybean field. Finally, eight strains of soybean bacterial diseases were isolated and identified. By the screening the sequence of the bacterial 16S rDNA, seven of eight strains were identified belong to Pseudomonas, another strain belong to Xanthomonas. In order to study the relevant pathogen of soybean defense response, we used the isolated pathogen strain to inoculate the resistant cultivar Hefeng35 and sensitive cultivar Suinong14. Then the genes might involve in regulate soybean resistant to bacterial disease were analyzed, including GmBAK1 and GmFLS2. FLS2 homolog gene were Gm05g25830, Gm08g08810; BAK1 homolog gene were Gm15g05730, Gm08g07930, Gm10g36280, Gm05g24790, Gm20g31320, Gm05g24770, Gm08g19270, and Gm02g08360. By the qRT-PCR analysis we detected the gene expression pattern response to pathogen, we found the expression of Gm05g24770, Gm05g24790, and Glyma05g25830 showed significant different between Suinong14 and Hefeng35. We illustrated the GmBAK1 and GmFLS2 transcription level against bacterial speck disease pathogen infection and revealed preliminary the major gene, providing a reference direction for further research.
Agrobiological assessment of cotton breeding material in light chestnut soils
Authors: Ovchinnikov Aleksey , Kimsanbaev Oybek , Antonov Valery , Podkovyrov Igor , Konotopskaya Taisia , Ermak Dmitry
Published: November 2020

The promotion of cotton in regions with long daylight hours is a priority for genetics. The creation of a new breeding material for a crop with a short growing season of 95-110 days makes it possible to organize the production of this fiber in the south of Russia. The studies were carried out in 2014-2020 at the experimental sites of the Volgograd State Agrarian University. Growth, development, ecological and biological characteristics were studied on new cotton varieties PGSSH 1 and PGSSH 7 in conditions of light chestnut soils. Field experiments were carried out according to generally accepted methods. As a result, it was found that the growing season of new varieties of cotton corresponds to the conditions of the season in the Volgograd region. Boll opening is celebrated from 25 August to 20 September. Bushes form 4 to 18 fruits, 58% are located in the middle tier. The limiting growth and development factors include sharp drops in daytime and nighttime temperatures in spring (up to 150C). In some years, cold and rainy weather in July leads to the development of diseases on plants. However, new varieties of cotton have time to mature and form high quality fiber. Hot, dry weather does not adversely affect plant growth and development. The potential yield of these varieties reaches 3.3-3.5 t / ha. These varieties have good prospects for implementation. The development of varietal agricultural technology will ensure the organization of cotton production in areas with long daylight hours.
Economic Valuation of Agricultural producers’ WTP for the weather information service – A Case Study in Central Vietnam
Authors: Dinh Duc Truong
Published: November 2020

Most meteorological information services in Vietnam in general and in Central Vietnam to be specific are currently provided by the Vietnam Institute of Meteorology, Hydrology and Climate Change (IMHEN). This agency is responsible for researching and collecting meteorological information in all regions of the country, public and transfer the information via Vietnam Television, Weather Forecast News. As agricultural production activities are sensitive to weather and climate conditions, meteorological information services are more important for agricultural decision-makers than those in other sectors. This study uses the contingent valuation method to estimate the economic value of meteorological information services in Central Vietnam for agricultural producers. We assess the agricultural producers’ willingness to pay (WTP) for the meteorological information services, conducting a national face-to-face survey of 450 agricultural households in 16 communes in 4 Provinces in Central Vietnam. The results show the adjusted WTP for every agricultural household each year with a 95% confidence interval which ranges from 56.06 US dollars to 90.92 US dollars. The inferred annual economic value of meteorological information services for agricultural producers in the study site is between 28.06 million US dollars and 45.51 million US dollars. Moreover, the agricultural producers’ subjective assessment of weather forecast accuracy, farm size, and first bid price significantly affect the amount agricultural producers are willing to pay for meteorological information services.
Study of starter cultures in biotechnology of medical and preventive nutrition products
Authors: Reshetnik Ekaterina , Derzhapolskaya Yulia , Gribanova Svetlana
Published: November 2020

The article presents the results of research on the quality of Lavitol – B premix in accordance with the requirements of regulatory and technical documentation, two versions of starter cultures with different strain ratios of cultures and their impact on the quality of fermented milk products for preventive nutrition. During the research, the quality and safety indicators of the Lavitol-b premix were studied. The data on the effect of form and ratios of starter cultures on the fermentation process and increase of biomass of lactic acid microorganisms and bifidobacteria, it was found titratable acidity of samples and duration of ripening. The carbohydrate composition of the obtained samples of fermented milk products was studied.
Substantiation of technological approaches to the creation of functional products based on milk and carrot compositions
Authors: Bibik Irina , Doronin Sergey , Dotsenko Sergey
Published: November 2020

Scientific research and practice show that a certain part of the population of the Russian Federation is deficient in essential food nutrients, such as β-carotene, vitamin C and bioflavonoids. In this regard, there is a problem of creating food products with a functional orientation of an expanded range. It is also important that such products have at least one of the specified physiological effects, the list of which is given in the Russian national standard - GOST R 54059-2010. As a working hypothesis, it was assumed that there is a possibility and feasibility of extracting β-carotene from carrots by the fatty component of cow's milk, followed by an increase in its content in milk lipid-containing food systems by separation. Implementation of the developed technological system for preparing a protein-lipid dispersed system based on cow's milk and carrots made it possible to obtain creamy-carrot compositions with a mass fraction of fat in the range of 10 - 20%. Thermal acid coagulation of proteins in such food systems with a solution of ascorutin made it possible to obtain orange-colored coagulates containing the antioxidant complex - β-carotene + vitamin C + rutin. Based on the results of the studies, it was concluded that these products make it possible to expand the range of functional food products with a given physiological effect.
Pulsed electric discharge for environmentally friendly cleaning and crushing of quartz sand
Authors: Martynov Nikolai , Avramov Dmitri , Kozlov Grigorii , Pushkarev Mikhail
Published: November 2020

The paper presents the results of research on the use of a pulsed electric discharge in aqueous media for the pretreatment (preliminary crushing and washing) of quartz sand in the glass industry. The averaged granulometric and elemental composition of quartz sands of the Muraevnya deposit has been studied (explored reserves are 31 million tons). The efficiency of the proposed method for treating quartz sand for its subsequent cleaning from undesirable impurities (primarily iron and clay oxides) is shown, preliminary parameters of the treatment process, changes in the granulometric and elemental composition of raw materials, and specific energy consumption for its treatment are determined. The main advantage of the technology is that it makes it possible to obtain such a degree of purification of quartz sand from impurities due to the destruction of impurities aggregated with silicon oxide particles, which is unattainable with standard flushing.
Chemical composition of the far eastern homogenate of drone brood
Authors: Prikhodko Anna , Yankina Olga , Kim Natalya , Koltun Guli , Skolov Andrey
Published: November 2020

This paper studies the chemical composition of the drone brood homogenate produced in the Primorsky Territory in comparison with the regulatory requirements and the results obtained in other regions. The composition of the homogenate was determined in the laboratory of the Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Vladivostok. The analysis showed that the chemical composition varies significantly for most indicators.
Professional attributes of young specialists: expectations of municipal employees in rural areas
Authors: Galustov Ambartsum , Lobeyko Yuri , Levushkina Svetlana , Mandritsa Olga , Ivashova Valentine
Published: November 2020

The article presents the results of a survey of municipal employees in rural areas of the Stavropol Territory. The purpose of the study was to determine the important professional attributes (characteristics) of young professionals who come to the ranks of the municipal service in rural areas of the region. In total, 247 municipal employees from 10 municipal districts of the Stavropol Territory took part in the expert survey. Comparisons of the views of young specialists and specialists with more than 10 years of work experience in the municipal service show significant differences in the set of important professional attributes formed during the period of study at the university. The characteristics are the starting point during the period of professional socialization directly to the position of a municipal employee. According to municipal employees with up to 5 years of service, the key professional attributes should be willingness to reproduce professional status-role relationships; readiness to perform a professional function – the development and adoption of management decisions; willingness and participation in innovation in the workplace. According to municipal employees with over 10 years of experience, the key professional attributes are the willingness to adequately respond to the requirements of the professional environment; informational and functional readiness for professional development.
Intellectual method of operational evaluation of the network element state to ensure the quality of services in corporate multiservice communications networks
Authors: Ageev Sergey , Karetnikov Vladimir , Olkhovik Evgeny , Andrey Privalov
Published: November 2020

The work proposes and investigates an intelligent method and algorithms for on-line assessment of the state of network elements to ensure the required quality indicators of provided communication services in corporate high-speed multiservice communication networks. The developed method and algorithms operate in a mode close to real time. One of the features of corporate multiservice communication networks is the high dynamics of changes in their state. The main task of the automated control system, which is an integral part of the corporate multiservice communication network, is to ensure the specified quality of the provided communication services to the consumer. Thus, the relevance of the research presented in the work is due to the fact that most of the management processes in corporate high-speed multiservice communication networks must be implemented in a mode close to real time with a given quality. The basis of the method for operational assessment of the state of network elements is the concept of creating and using intelligent agents. In the proposed approach, intelligent agents are created as hierarchical fuzzy situational networks, in which control solutions, in contrast to known methods based on the use of reference situations, are applied based on solving a hierarchical set of optimization problems using fuzzy mathematical programming methods. The main paradigm of their functioning is “situation -action”.
Prospects for the development of organic farming in the Primorsky Territory
Authors: Komin Andrey , Kirtaeva Tatyana , Dudenko Galina
Published: November 2020

In the modern world, special attention is paid to the rational use of natural resources and the provision of the population with safe food. In this regard, the principles of organic farming are relevant both in Russia and abroad, as they allow reducing the negative impact of agriculture on the environment. Primorsky Territory has a significant potential for the development of organic farming due to the presence of fallow lands and the proximity to the countries of the Asia-Pacific region interested in importing organic products. That is why the development of regional programs in this area will contribute not only to reducing the pesticide load on agroecosystems, but also to the economic growth of the south of the Far East.
Management and legal regulations for the practice of precision and organic agriculture
Authors: Matveev Vladimir , Dikareva Varvara , Larkina Alfia
Published: November 2020

This study presents an integrated approach to managing a modern agricultural enterprise. New digital technologies used in agriculture make it possible to optimize the processes of land cultivation, sowing, calculation and application of fertilizers, as well as harvesting. Satellite positioning system (GPS), automated steering system, remote sensing, and geo-mapping used in the complex can significantly increase the productivity and profitability of agricultural industry.
Influence of homogenization on the microstructure, mechanical properties and texture of the twin-roll cast AA8006 sheet processed by accumulative roll-bonding
Authors: Karlík Miroslav , Homola Petr , Sláma Peter , Čapek Jiří , Harcuba Petr
Published: November 2020

Unhomogenized and homogenized AA8006 (Al-Fe-Mn-Si) alloy sheets twin-roll cast to strip 8.5 mm thick, processed by accumulative roll-bonding (ARB) on 2 mm thick sheets up to 6 cycles were studied. The microstructure was characterized by means of scanning and transmission electron microscopy and electron backscattered diffraction (EBSD), mechanical properties were monitored by hardness measurements and tensile tests. The macroscopic texture was determined by X-ray diffraction. The initial texture of the unhomogenized sheet is rotated cubic {001}<110> combined with recrystallization R texture {011}<211>, while the homogenized sheet has a cubic texture {001}<100> with remaining rolling component C {112}<111>. One ARB cycle leads to the formation of low-angle grain boundaries (LAGB) in original coarser grains and to a low angle rotation of the subgrains bounded by LAGB. After the 3rd and 6th ARB cycle unhomogenized and homogenized sheets show a common rolling texture of cold-rolled aluminium. The thermal stability of sheets processed by 6 ARB cycles was tested by isochronal annealing for 30 min up to 450°C. The homogenized sheet starts to recrystallize at 250°C, while the fine grain structure of the unhomogenized sheet is thermally stable up to 400°C.
Review, Role of L12 Modified (Al1−xMex)3Ti Intermetallic Compounds on Heterogeneous Nucleation of Alpha Aluminum Grains
Authors: Watanabe Yoshimi
Published: November 2020

Al3Ti intermetallic compound with the tetragonal D022 structure undergoes a phase transformation to the high-symmetry L12 cubic structure by addition of third elements, Me. The lattice constants of some L12 modified (Al1−xMex)3Ti intermetallic compounds are closed to that of alpha aluminum. Therefore, it is expected that the addition of L12 modified (Al1−xMex)3Ti intermetallic compound particles show good grain refining performance of cast aluminum. In this paper, our recent results on novel refines containing heterogeneous nucleation site particles of L12 modified (Al1−xMex)3Ti intermetallic compounds have been reviewed.
De l’incidentalomeà la découverte secondaire
Authors: Gesbert Cédric , Torregrosa Cécile , Mamzer Marie-France
Published: November 2020

Le termeincidentalome, créé en 1982, s’est, depuis, diffusé dans la littérature médicale. Il ne semble cependant pas exister de définition précise pour décrire ce qu’est un incidentalome. Dans les usages initiaux, l’incidentalome désignait une masse détectée à l’occasion d’un examen d’imagerie prescrit à visée diagnostique sans qu’un lien ne soit déterminé avec le motif de réalisation de l’examen. La qualification d’« incidentalome » de cette masse n’apportait aucune précision sur sa nature, celle-ci pouvant être située dans de nombreuses zones anatomiques, être sécrétante ou non, être bénigne ou maligne… Aujourd’hui, le terme d’incidentalomeporte une dimension beaucoup plus large, semblant recouvrir la notion de découverte fortuite, qu’elle soit radiologique, biologique ou génétique. Cet usage évolutif du terme démontre son caractère heuristique. Il est le signe d’une modification de la médecine moderne qui hésite entre une clinique des patients et une clinique des données. Les découvertes fortuites sont un phénomène connu et anticipé par les radiologues. Ces découvertes ne sont donc plus fortuites, ni même inattendues, mais bien secondaires à l’usage de la technologie en santé.
Des yeux et du regard : proverbes et expressions
Authors: Polak Gabrielle , Behar-Cohen Francine , Berdugo Marianne
Published: November 2020

Les yeux et le regard participent de façon majeure à notre langage non verbal, avant même l’apparition du verbe. Depuis la Bible jusqu’au langage contemporain, en passant par la mythologie grecque, le théâtre, la littérature ou le langage parlé, une multitude d’expressions et de proverbes mettent en scène l’œil, ce qu’il voit et ce qu’il symbolise. Cet article parcourt les champs sémantiques de l’œil et du regard, leur évolution dans le temps, et leur étonnante richesse. En définitive, une revue de notre humanité.
COVID-19 et vaccination : une dérégulation globale
Authors: Billon-Denis Emmanuelle , Tournier Jean-Nicolas
Published: November 2020

La COVID-19 est une infection pandémique émergente dont l’importante capacité à se propager dans une population dénuée d’immunité n’est plus à prouver. La première réponse des États à la flambée de COVID-19 fut d’imposer un confinement et des mesures barrières, telles que le port du masque et ladistanciation sociale. Une des répercussions de cette pandémie, en matière de santé publique, fut la suspension ou le ralentissement brusque des campagnes de vaccination des nourrissons, un peu partout dans le monde. Un des effets indirects de la COVID-19 est donc le risque de peser sur la mortalité mondiale, principalementviaune recrudescence de la rougeole et de la poliomyélite, principalement dans les pays en voie de développement. Dans ce chaos potentiel, le seul espoir réside dans le développement rapide d’un vaccin efficace contre le SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2). Cependant, l’acceptation de ce vaccin par la population n’est pas évidente, car outre les nombreuses inconnues qui vont peser inévitablement dans le cas d’un développement très rapide du vaccin, le scepticisme des hésitants vaccinaux va à nouveau se développer.