bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Escenarios para el sometimiento de excluidos de Justicia y Paz a la Jurisdicción Especial para la Paz: disquisición sobre sus ámbitos de aplicación
Authors: Rúa Delgado Carlos Felipe , Duarte Molina Tirson Mauricio , Gómez Morales Luis Felipe
Published: August 2019

El primer intento de justicia transicional en Colombia se materializó con la Ley de Justicia y Paz (Ley 975 de 2005), en virtud del Acuerdo de Ralito entre las Autodefensas Unidas de Colombia y el gobierno colombiano. Posteriormente, con la expedición de la Ley 1592 de 2012, se generó la posibilidad de que los miembros que no cumplieran las condiciones establecidas en la Ley de Justicia y Paz o que no cumplieran con los compromisos adquiridos al someterse a dicha legislación, pudieran ser excluidos de ella y continuar siendo investigados y juzgados en la jurisdicción ordinaria. Como resultado del Acuerdo de Paz entre las Fuerzas Armadas Revolucionarias de Colombia y el gobierno colombiano, nació la Jurisdicción Especial para la Paz, mediante la cual se juzgarán los delitos cometidos durante el conflicto armado. El presente artículo pretende evaluar la posibilidad que tienen los excombatientes de grupos paramilitares que, habiéndose postulado a la Ley de Justicia y Paz y que hayan sido excluidos por no cumplir con algunos de los requisitos o por no haber cumplido con sus compromisos, puedan someterse a la Jurisdicción Especial para la Paz. Lo anterior se realiza a partir de la construcción de escenarios sobre casos icónicos de ex paramilitares excluidos de la Ley de Justicia y Paz.
Conventionality Standards for Children in Conflict Zones: Colombian Case study
Authors: Arcaro Conci Luiz Guilherme , Gerber Konstantin
Published: August 2019

The main objective of this paper is to identify the multilevel perspective of hu-man rights protection for children in armed conflicts. For that, the pro persona or pro homine principle may be applied. It consists of an interpretative instru-ment provided by art. 29 of the American Convention of Human Rights and by art. 41 of the Convention on the Rights of the Child. The present analysis tackles distinct levels of protection, both at an international level and at the national level in Colombia and uses the pro homine principle to resolve eventual conflicts between the International Human Rights Law and domestic law.
Procedimiento administrativo y posacuerdo: el principio de participación en la formación de las decisiones administrativas
Authors: Sánchez Zapata Diana Carolina , Vergara Mesa Hernán Darío
Published: August 2019

El presente artículo analiza el papel que desempeña el principio de participación desde su función dogmática en el procedimiento para la formación de los actos administrativos propios del Estado social de derecho. Lo anterior, con el fin de reivindicar su relevancia en el contexto social y político del posacuerdo y en general, como elemento dinamizador del derecho administrativo colombiano, en tanto reclama actuaciones administrativas abiertas a espacios de participación efectivos de la sociedad civil, escenario indispensable para avanzar en la consecución de la paz como finalidad estatal.
El “plan pistola” como crimen de lesa humanidad en contra de miembros del Ejército Nacional
Authors: Mejía Azuero Jean Carlo
Published: August 2019

En Colombia, durante el conflicto armado más prolongado del hemisferio occidental (en adelante, cani), fueron ejecutados a través de prácticas sicariales (ajusticiamientos en términos insurgentes) miembros del Ejército Nacional por parte de grupos ilegales, aprovechando circunstancias especiales como la indefensión, la sorpresa, los permisos, descansos o traslados de una parte a otra del país. El comportamiento criminal descrito, que ha sido definido como “plan pistola”, se podría constituir —de acuerdo con el escaso precedente internacional y los desarrollos internos— en crímenes de lesa humanidad (Cassese & Delmas, 2004) en la modalidad de homicidio agravado contra la población civil, distanciándose de las descripciones propias del derecho internacional humanitario, lo cual constituye toda una novedad, y con lo que de paso se evitaría la impunidad de un crimen tan grave. Las víctimas indirectas del “plan pistola” en un escenario de justicia transicional tienen el derecho a conocer la verdad plena sobre cómo fueron ejecutados sus seres queridos, así como a escuchar de los victimarios cuáles fueron las políticas y órdenes criminales generadas en sus grupos para que sucedieran estos graves hechos sistemáticos o generalizados.
ÍNTEGRA DA REVISTA DA FACULDADE DE DIREITO DE PORTO ALEGRE - VOLUME I, NÚMERO 2, ANO 1950
Authors: UFRGS Direito
Published: August 2019

Revista da Faculdade de Direito de Porto Alegre. Ano II, Num. 1.
O MOVIMENTO DA SIGNIFICAÇÃO - O JOGO DO TEXTO E O JOGO DA CENA
Authors: Cabral Biange
Published: August 2019

O movimento da significação implica o jogo do texto e da cena. Este artigo focaliza a estética da recepção e o potencial de impacto da percepção deste movimento para atores, diretores e/ou professores de teatro.Esta investigação foi apoiada nas teorias de Jauss e Iser. Ambas permitem repensar o papel do diretor – a noção de horizonte de expectativas (Jauss, 1982, 1994) revela a natureza individual e coletiva da experiência estética e sua implicação para a diversidade do elenco e do público. A noção de vazios do texto (Iser, 1974, 1978, 1998) leva a investigar o papel do diretor nos processos de produção e recepção – ao planejar a investigação cênica e selecionar estratégias ele delimita a construção da narrativa e as possibilidades de recepção.O jogo do texto e da cena é considerado a partir de sua ressonância com o contexto social do leitor/espectador, e com a transgressão das formas usuais de apresentação.
UM DELEUZE A MENOS
Authors: Nunes Silvia Balestreri
Published: August 2019

Sobre o Teatro é um título inventado pelo Prof. Roberto Machado, diretor da série Estéticas da editora Zahar, para agrupar a tradução de dois importantes textos do filósofo Gilles Deleuze que se inspiram e se tecem em criações de dois homens da cena, respectivamente: Carmelo Bene e Samuel Beckett. Apresentando as traduções brasileiras de Un Manifeste de Moins e L'Épuisé, de Deleuze, Machado lhes acrescenta uma introdução em que discute o modo como o filósofo francês tece seus conceitos em sua relação com saberes não apenas filósoficos e científicos, mas também artísticos. O presente texto é uma resenha dessa edição brasileira.
JACQUES LECOQ E O LABORATÓRIO DE ESTUDOS DO MOVIMENTO (LEM): DA ESCOLA DE ARQUITETURA A UM ESPAÇO AUTÔNOMO DE CENOGRAFIA EXPERIMENTAL
Authors: Scheffler Ismael
Published: August 2019

O presente artigo apresenta aspectos históricos sobre a criação do Laboratório de Estudo do Movimento (LEM) junto a Escola Internacional de Teatro Jacques Lecoq, em 1976, em atividade até os dias de hoje na França. São realizadas considerações sobre a reforma no sistema de ensino de arquitetura na França em decorrência das manifestações estudantis de 1968, contexto que levou Jacques Lecoq a ingressar como professor junto à Unidade Pedagógica de Arquitetura n. 6 (UP6) da Escola Nacional Superior das Belas Artes de Paris, atualmente Escola Nacional Superior de Arquitetura de Paris La Villette, onde lecionou de 1969 a 1987. São apresentadas considerações sobre o arquiteto e cenógrafo Jacques Bosson que mediou o ingresso de Lecoq e a proposta de disciplina experimental que elaboraram juntos. São identificadas as disciplinas que Bosson e Lecoq coordenaram posteriormente, bem como a existência de trabalhos de conclusão de curso de alunos de arquitetura orientados por Lecoq. Por fim, é apresentado o contexto de criação do LEM como um projeto autônomo, da parceria de Lecoq com Krikor Belekian e a constribuição de Pascale Lecoq, ambos arquitetos formados na UP6. Também são apontados aspectos distintos entre a atividades desenvolvida por Lecoq na UP6 e o LEM.
TEATRO DE OBJETOS: REFLEXOS DE UMA ERA
Authors: Moretti Maria de Fátima De Souza , Siedschlag Larissa Christina
Published: August 2019

O Teatro de Objetos se desenvolveu na França, na década de 1980 impulsionado pelo encontro de diversos artistas que propunham uma maneira diferente de se relacionar com o objeto. Ao investigar mais a fundo sua proposição percebe-se que o Teatro de Objetos é o reflexo do pensamento de uma época e que há uma intensa relação entre ele e outras áreas e linguagens artísticas. A partir disso, o artigo pretende investigar as transformações ocorridas no século XX que influenciaram direta ou indiretamente a criação do Teatro de Objetos. Ao perceber o caminho que o objeto traça e suas ressignificações ao longo do tempo, bem como o contexto social e político, passando por acontecimentos como as vanguardas, as guerras e o Maio de 68, é possível conhecer as camadas que estruturaram o Teatro de Objetos.
APROFUNDAR O MÉTODO DE FRANÇOIS DELSARTE: AS ATITUDES DO TORSO E O EQUILÍBRIO HARMÔNICO
Authors: Waille Franck
Published: August 2019

A reconstrução dos ensinamentos práticos (para o corpo, e mais ainda a voz) de François Delsarte levanta um verdadeiro desafio metodológico: se esses ensinamentos desempenharam um papel determinante no surgimento da modernidade das artes cênicas, práticas psicossomáticas e educação somática, eles foram essencialmente transmitidos "oralmente" de mestre para aluno. E eles foram, por um lado, perdidos. É a partir dos elementos de transmissão textual, associados a uma prática da dança moderna, do teatro e de abordagens somáticas, que é possível encontrar um entendimento o mais próximo possível de suas versões originais, sem ter a pretensão de poder voltar a esses. Ainda mais que as numerosas nuanças que Delsarte introduziu em seu ensino convidam a uma dinâmica aberta: não procurar "a letra" mas "o espírito" de seu trabalho, numa perspectiva de constante renovação. Essa abordagem é a da pesquisa de Franck Waille, que tem sido constantemente aperfeiçoada desde o início dos anos 2000. Ela diz respeito a diferentes elementos do expressivo método somático de Delsarte. Este artigo apresenta uma atualização sobre as atitudes das pernas, favorecida pelo encontro com a pesquisa de Clóvis Massa sobre Delsarte feita no início dos anos 1990.
UM INCONSCIENTE MANIFESTO
Authors: Rosseto Robson , Da Silva João Vitor Muniz
Published: August 2019

Este artigo é dedicado aos estudos das artes cênicas no cruzamento com a psicologia profunda, mais especificamente sobre o conceito de arquétipos e inconsciente coletivo por Carl Gustav Jung. Na criação atoral, a pesquisa aponta meios para emersão de conteúdos do inconsciente do performer em cena (na criação e na execução), conexões entre o ator e o xamã, a partir de práticas que resultam transes/estados alterados de consciências, utilizando como técnica base o exercício e linguagem cênica Campo de Visão, a partir das perspectivas da exaustão física, da coralidade e da comparação com sistemas de treinamento em Jerzy Grotowski.
O TRABALHO DO ATOR E SUAS COMPETÊNCIAS FUNDAMENTAIS NA CENA CONTEMPORÂNEA
Authors: Thomsen João
Published: August 2019

Neste artigo analisa-se as seguintes competências fundamentais necessárias ao ator para responder às demandas da cena contemporânea: qualidades fundamentais do ator sobre a cena, modalidades de apropriação do texto dramático e caracterização do personagem, compreensão dos conceitos de energia e presença cênica, relação entre técnica, intuição criadora e cristalização do personagem. Desenvolve-se esta reflexão a partir do entendimento adotado por atores gaúchos selecionados e entrevistados por roteiro estruturado, fundamentando teoricamente a análise das entrevistas segundo Stanislavski, Craig, Meyerhold e Brecht.
ENTREVISTA COM MARIA LÚCIA RAYMUNDO
Authors: Zucolotto Alexandra
Published: August 2019

Entrevistei Maria Lúcia Raymundo numa tarde de Sábadoem fevereiro de 2001. Conversamos ininterruptamente por uma hora e meia. Considero esta entrevista uma fonte histórica, uma parte do retrato de nossa identidade artística. Como atriz e professora viveu momentos importantes. Quisera que todas as atrizes, todos os atores e técnicos do teatro deixassem seu documento impresso como fez Maria Lúcia. Assim, teríamos a oportunidade de reconstruir nossos caminhos e deixá-los às gerações futuras para que pudessem reconhecer nossa tradição artística.    Maria Lúcia é atriz e foi professora do Departamento de Arte Dramática da UFRGS. Fez sua formação nesta mesma escolae em outras, nos Estados Unidos, na França e na Argentina. Como ela mesmo define, perto da oriental, é uma “salada”. Observei que encontramos fragmentos de suas idéias sobre teatro espalhados por diversos encenadores contemporâneos. Se, por um lado, esse trânsito de informações dificulta a tarefa de compreensão, por outro, abre as portas para uma eleição pessoal, para a constituição da própria proposta de montagem, tanto no treinamento do ator, como na criação cênica.     A orientação deste trabalho foi da professora Marta Isaacsson, do DAD – UFRGS
Application of the redox system of Nocardia corallina B-276 in the enantioselective biotransformation of ketones and alcohols
Authors: Manjarrez Alvarez , Pérez Méndez , Solís Oba , Ortega Cabello , Lara Carvajal , Valencia Ledezma , Martínez-Casares Rubria
Published: August 2019

The aim of this research was to evaluate the redox system of Nocardia corallina B-276 in the biotransformation of 1-phenyl-1-propanone (1a), 2-hydroxy-1-phenylethanone (2a) and methyl (2-chlorophenyl)(oxo)acetate (3a) into 1-phenylpropan-1-ol (1b), 1-phenyl-1,2-ethanediol (2b) and methyl (2-chlorophenyl)(hydroxy)acetate (3b). The biomass of N. corallina was obtained in a liquid medium with an initial pH of 8.50, but the pH changed during the 96 h of the culture media, the final pH was between 4.74 and 7.62. The N. corallina biomass biocatalyzed the enantioselective reduction of 1a?3a to the corresponding alcohols. Whereas, during the process of oxidation of the rac-alcohols 1b?3b, 1b was oxidized in enantioselective way, the oxidation of 2b was not selective, but 3b was biotransformed mainly to (R)-3b. These results are indicative that N. corallina produced reductases and oxidases, whereby the biocatalytic activity was influenced by the final pH of the culture media, the reaction time and structure of the substrate.
Renin-angiotensin and kallikrein-kinin systems in diabetic renal damage
Authors: Igic Rajko
Published: August 2019

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Sarm1 Gene Deficiency Attenuates Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy in Mice
Authors: Cheng Yalan , Liu Jun , Luan Yi , Liu Zhiyuan , Lai Hejin , Zhong Wuling , Yang Yale , Yu Huimin , Feng Ning , Wang Hui , Huang Rui , He Zhishui , Yan Menghong , Zhang Fang , Sun Yan-Gang , Ying Hao , Guo Feifan , Zhai Qiwei
Published: August 2019

Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) is the most common complication in both type 1 and type 2 diabetes, but any treatment toward the development of DPN is not yet available. Axon degeneration is an early feature of many peripheral neuropathies, including DPN. Delay of axon degeneration has beneficial effects on various neurodegenerative diseases, but its effect on DPN is yet to be elucidated. Deficiency of Sarm1 significantly attenuates axon degeneration in several models, but the effect of Sarm1 deficiency on DPN is still unclear. In this study, we show that Sarm1 knockout mice exhibit normal glucose metabolism and pain sensitivity, and deletion of the Sarm1 gene alleviates hypoalgesia in streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice. Moreover, Sarm1 gene deficiency attenuates intraepidermal nerve fiber loss in footpad skin; alleviates axon degeneration, the change of g-ratio in sciatic nerves, and NAD+ decrease; and relieves axonal outgrowth retardation of dorsal root ganglia from diabetic mice. In addition, Sarm1 gene deficiency markedly diminishes the changes of gene expression profile induced by streptozotocin in the sciatic nerve, especially some abundant genes involved in neurodegenerative diseases. These findings demonstrate that Sarm1 gene deficiency attenuates DPN in mice and suggest that slowing down axon degeneration is a potential promising strategy to combat DPN.
Severe Hypoglycemia–Induced Fatal Cardiac Arrhythmias Are Mediated by the Parasympathetic Nervous System in Rats
Authors: Reno Candace M. , Bayles Justin , Huang Yiqing , Oxspring Milan , Hirahara Annie M. , Dosdall Derek J. , Fisher Simon J.
Published: August 2019

The contribution of the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) versus the parasympathetic nervous system (PSNS) in mediating fatal cardiac arrhythmias during insulin-induced severe hypoglycemia is not well understood. Therefore, experimental protocols were performed in nondiabetic Sprague-Dawley rats to test the SNS with 1) adrenal demedullation and 2) chemical sympathectomy, and to test the PSNS with 3) surgical vagotomy, 4) nicotinic receptor (mecamylamine) and muscarinic receptor (AQ-RA 741) blockade, and 5) ex vivo heart perfusions with normal or low glucose, acetylcholine (ACh), and/or mecamylamine. In protocols 1–4, 3-h hyperinsulinemic (0.2 units/kg/min) and hypoglycemic (10–15 mg/dL) clamps were performed. Adrenal demedullation and chemical sympathectomy had no effect on mortality or arrhythmias during severe hypoglycemia compared with controls. Vagotomy led to a 6.9-fold decrease in mortality; reduced first- and second-degree heart block 4.6- and 4-fold, respectively; and prevented third-degree heart block compared with controls. Pharmacological blockade of nicotinic receptors, but not muscarinic receptors, prevented heart block and mortality versus controls. Ex vivo heart perfusions demonstrated that neither low glucose nor ACh alone caused arrhythmias, but their combination induced heart block that could be abrogated by nicotinic receptor blockade. Taken together, ACh activation of nicotinic receptors via the vagus nerve is the primary mediator of severe hypoglycemia–induced fatal cardiac arrhythmias.
Diabetes-Induced NF-κB Dysregulation in Skeletal Stem Cells Prevents Resolution of Inflammation
Authors: Ko Kang I. , Syverson Abby L. , Kralik Richard M. , Choi Jerry , DerGarabedian Brett P. , Chen Chider , Graves Dana T.
Published: August 2019

Type 1 diabetes (T1D) imposes a significant health burden by negatively affecting tissue regeneration during wound healing. The adverse effect of diabetes is attributed to high levels of inflammation, but the cellular mechanisms responsible remain elusive. In this study, we show that intrinsic skeletal stem cells (SSCs), a subset of mesenchymal stem cells, are essential for resolution of inflammation to occur during osseous healing by using genetic approaches to selectively ablate SSCs. T1D caused aberrant nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) activation in SSCs and substantially enhanced inflammation in vivo. Constitutive or tamoxifen-induced inhibition of NF-κB in SSCs rescued the impact of diabetes on inflammation, SSC expansion, and tissue formation. In contrast, NF-κB inhibition in chondrocytes failed to reverse the effect of T1D. Mechanistically, diabetes caused defective proresolving macrophage (M2) polarization by reducing TGF-β1 expression by SSCs, which was recovered by NF-κB inhibition or exogenous TGF-β1 treatment. These data identify an underlying mechanism for altered healing in T1D and demonstrate that diabetes induces NF-κB hyperactivation in SSCs to disrupt their ability to modulate M2 polarization and resolve inflammation.
Modeling of thermal and solidification behavior during laser additive manufacturing of AlSi10Mg alloy powders and its experimental validation
Authors: Samantaray Mihir , Sahoo Seshadev , Thatoi Dhirendranath
Published: August 2019

In the present era, the laser additive manufacturing process is widely adopted in the manufacturing sector to produce near net shape components with minimum wastage of raw materials. Direct metal laser sintering (DMLS) is one of the laser additive manufacturing techniques which has received the most attention, as it builds the parts directly from metal or alloy powders. However, the quality of the components produced by DMLS has hindered its use on a larger scale. The process parameters in the DMLS process directly influence the quality of the building part. So, a better understanding of the influence of process parameters on build parts can provide insight to get high-quality products. In the present study, a three-dimensional transient heat transfer model was developed to simulate the temperature field and molten pool profile using the ansys 17.0 platform. The temperature distribution, melt pool dimension, solidification rate, cooling rate, and structural morphology are investigated with the variation of input laser energy. From the investigation, it was observed that the temperature of the powder bed and melt pool dimensions such as length, width, and depth increases with an increase in input laser energy. The cooling rate also increases with a decrease in laser energy input. Further, the developed model is validated to verify the accuracy and the simulated results are quite agreed with the analytical as well as experimental results.
DETERMINANTS OF GROSS REGIONAL DOMESTIC PRODUCT IN EASTERN INDONESIA REGION
Authors: Istiqomah Istiqomah , Wibowo Arif Andri , Yunianti Evi , Gunawan Diah Setyorini
Published: August 2019

Regional income equality has been a major development goal. However, GRDP in Western Indonesia is higher than that in Eastern Indonesia. Therefore, the government should encourage development and increase economic growth in Eastern Indonesia. There are inequalities between those provinces. The purpose of this research is to analyze the effect of labor, domestic investment, foreign direct investment, and government expenditure on GRDP in Eastern Indonesia Region. This study employed regression on panel data of 12 provinces from 2011 to 2016. The results found that labor, domestic investment, foreign direct investment, and government expenditure have positive and significant effect to GRDP. The results imply that all of the independent variables shuld be increas to promote economic growth in The Eastern Indonesia Region.
EFFECTIVENESS OF THE REGULATION ON FINANCIAL SERVICE CONSUMER PROTECTION IN INDONESIA
Authors: Yohanes Triyana , Wijaya Nikolaus Budi Arianto
Published: August 2019

Some cases of financial business transactions practices in Indonesia had  caused financial damages were suffered by the consumers.  Eventhough Indonesia had well regulated the protection of  financial service cunsumers, in practices of dispute settlement oftently the concumers could not got  fair solutions, so their rights could not be well fullfiled. The problem in this research was studied by a normative legal research, the data were analyzed by qualitative and comparative methods,  and the conclusion was done by deductive method. From the analyzed  data, it could be concluded that the effectiveness of the consumers protection in the sector of financial services business regulation in Indonesia was not high due to some reasons, such as, the weakness of the law enforcement, the OJK had not been pro-active in giving protection to the financial service consumers and the problem of legal culture of the  Indonesian society.
Sobre María del Carmen Martínez Martínez, Martín Cortés. Pasos recuperados (1532-1562)
Authors: Díez-Canedo Aurora
Published: August 2019

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Sobre Celia López-Chávez, Epics of Empire and Frontier. Alonso de Ercilla and Gaspar de Villagrá as Spanish Colonial Chroniclers
Authors: Ríos Saloma Martín
Published: August 2019

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Sobre Tomás Pérez Vejo, Repúblicas urbanas en una monarquía imperial. Imágenes de ciudades y orden político en la América virreinal
Authors: Almario García Óscar
Published: August 2019

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Sobre Jorge Ortiz Sotelo, La Real Armada en el Pacífico Sur. El apostadero naval del Callao (1746-1824)
Authors: Loyola Mayagoitia Arturo
Published: August 2019

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Sobre Sonia Pérez Toledo y Sergio Paolo Solano D. (coords.), Pensar la historia del trabajo y los trabajadores en América, siglos XVIII y XIX
Authors: Ríos Zúñiga Rosalina
Published: August 2019

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Sobre Luis Roniger, Leonardo Senkman, Saúl Sosnowski y Mario Sznajder, Exile, diáspora and return. Changing cultural landscapes in Argentina, Chile, Paraguay and Uruguay
Authors: Lastra Soledad
Published: August 2019

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Política Internacional y Defensa en el Siglo XXI
Authors: Ocón Alfredo Leandro , Da Ponte Aureliano
Published: August 2019

La combinación de acciones convencionales y no convencionales, el espacio como ambiente operacional, el ciberespacio como ámbito militarizado, la incorporación de la Inteligencia Artificial y la robotización en los armamentos, entre otras muchas ‘novedades’, constituyen procesos cuya interpretación no es unívoca ni disociada de intereses de actores concretos. Bajo ese contexto, el artículo analiza el grado de pertinencia, como objetivo estratégico de la política de defensa en el siglo XXI, el desarrollo de capacidades científico-tecnológicas e industriales domésticas, explora las principales tendencias globales, las dinámicas entre la industria y la defensa en clave histórica y cuestiona las bases conceptuales de ciertos “saberes convencionales”.
El camino de Colombia a la OCDE
Authors: Arias Henao Diana
Published: August 2019

Analizar el proceso de adhesión colombiano a la OCDE, con método deductivo producto de recolección electrónica de fuentes primarias y secundarias. Las características estructurales del diseño metodológico, recurren a elementos domésticos y externos, del caso colombiano. Los principales hallazgos describen los resultados teóricos y prácticos encontrados entre 2013-2018, dejando abiertas las puertas para la continuación del estudio, en cuanto al proceso de ratificación del tratado, en primera instancia, y en caso de conseguirse de forma positiva, analizar los impactos y desafíos nacionales, regionales e internacionales de ingresar formalmente al club de los países ricos y de las buenas prácticas. Conclusiones jurídicas, políticas y económicas, detallan las implicaciones endógenas y exógenas, que anteceden a la configuración del bloque de constitucionalidad.
La Guerra Civil Rwandesa: Antesala del genocidio
Authors: Perazzo Silvia Alejandra
Published: August 2019

El siglo XX fue, entre otras cientos de características, el siglo de los genocidios. Sin embargo, estos actos de eliminación masiva no son resultado ni de estallidos populares espontáneos ni de rencores étnicos ancestrales; son, por el contrario, resultado de procesos más complejos y de decisiones que siempre contemplan el accionar estatal. Este artículo intenta dar cuenta cómo durante el proceso de la Guerra Civil Rwandesa iniciado con la invasión del Frente Patriótico Ruandes, se gestaron las condiciones que luego permitirían la implementación del genocidio y determinarían su grado de eficacia, sobre la base de relaciones históricas conflictivas entre sus grupos poblacionales.
Elecciones europeas 2019 – Diario Mínimo
Authors: Sebesta O’Connell Lorenza
Published: August 2019

Las próximas elecciones para el Parlamento Europeo (PE) no serán un evento trascendente ni fatal. Pero la campaña electoral está sacando a la luz un costado oscuro de la presente evolución de los partidos.No serán trascendentes en la historia de la integración ya que las políticas más controvertidas de la Unión de hoy, tal como aquellas para gobernar el euro o para encarar la crisis económica, desde los “presupuestos equilibrados” hasta las “reformas estructurales”, no prevén la participación de la cámara.
FEATURES OF DEFEATS OF SENTINEL LYMPH NODES AT PRIMARY MELANOMA OF SKIN
Authors: Ershov Vladimir A. , Anisimova Ada V. , Vashkurov Sergei M. , Vorob’eva Svetlana P. , Shchelkova Natalia D. , Zinkevich Maksim V. , Manikhas Georgii M.
Published: August 2019

Introduction. Each tenth tumor of skin is melanoma. Presence of tumor cells in sentinel lymph node influenced the medical tactics.

The objective of the research was to study the metastasis of skin melanoma into the clinically negative regional lymph nodes.

Material and methods. Histological, immunohistochemical, cytological and immunocytochemical methods were used to study biopsies of regional lymph nodes in 60 patients with skin melanoma.

Results. 5 % of patients were diagnosed with melanoma in situ, 15 % – Т1, 28.3 % – Т2, 23.3 % – Т3, 28.3 % – Т4. At outflow of the lymph through 1 collector, the metastases in sentinel lymph node (SLN) was defined in 51 %, through 2 collectors – in 81.8 % of cases. Tumor cells damaged single lymph node in 35.3 % of cases, two and more lymph nodes in 64.7 % of cases. Metastases in SLN with formation of secondary tumor at the T1 melanoma were observed at 11.1 %, T2 – 5.9 %, T3 – 21.4 %, T4 – 47.1 % of studies. Clusters of cells or isolated cells of melanoma in SLN at Т1 were noted in 22.2 %, at Т2 – in 41.2 %, at Т3 – in 42.9 %, at Т4 – in 35.3 % of cases. At outflow of lymph through 1 collector, metastasises of melanoma in non-sentinel lymph nodes (NSLN) were revealed in 24 %, through 2 collectors – in 44.4 % of cases. Secondary changes of NSLN were noted in 16.7 % of cases of defeat of single SLN, in 31.8 % of cases of defeat of two and more SLN. Metastases of melanoma were revealed in 69.2 % of cases of formation of secondary tumor and in 4.8 % of cases of presence of clusters in SLN in removed NSLN.

Conclusion. At increase of Тmelanoma of the skin, the quantity of sentinel lymph nodes with reactive changes decreased, and their number with metastases increased. Metastatic defeat of sentinel lymph nodes at outflow of lymph through 2 lymph collectors in two and more SLN and NSLN exceeded the defeat of SLN at outflow of lymph through 1 lymph collector in single lymph nodes. The use of immunocytochemical method of research allowed to expand pathomorphological verification of metastatic defeat of sentinel lymph nodes by 66.7%.
FACTORS THAT DETERMINE DIVIDEND POLICY ON BANKING IN THE INDONESIA STOCK EXCHANGE
Authors: Febriani Mega , Margaretha Farah
Published: August 2019

The problem of this research was to test and analyze empirically the influence to financial characteristics, ownership structure and board structure that have significant effects on dividend decisions. The objective of this research was banking firm that listed in Indonesian Stock Exchange for period 2010-2017. The  methodology of this research was applies purposive sampling. The data obtained in this the secondary data was taken from Indonesian Stock Exchange. This research was panel least square model and processed using software eviews 9. Total number of samples is 27 companies. The purpose of this test is to prove the effect of the independent variables on the dependent variable.The result of this research shows that the financial characteristics, significant effected dividend decisions, meanwhile profitability, likuidity, free  cash  flow. Growth opportunity, age, size, leverage and asset tangibility does not effects the dividend decisions. Ownership structure significant effected dividend decisions, meanwhile institusional ownership and goverment ownership. And board structure significant effected dividend decisions, meanwhile independen director. The Managerial Implications from this research are how the company manages the capital sources from free cash flow and likuidity, how to make the company can be efficient in running the company and make earning.
The attitude of Muslims and Non-Muslims towards Islamic Products and Services in the UK
Authors: Woldie Atsede , Hossain Md. Mahit
Published: August 2019

Islamic banks are the fastest growing banks in the world. Governments around the world are passing bills to enable the smooth operation of Islamic banking and finance as part of their financial systems. This paper explored the awareness. attitude, and their bank selection criteria of both •uslims and Non-Muslims in the UK. Thc results showed that although the Muslims knew the meaning of fundamental terms in Islam, non-Muslims arc totally unaware about basic Islamic financial terms and principles. They also perceived that products were only for Muslims people only. The study indicated that more than 46 percent of Muslims respondents perceive that religion is the only reason to motivate people to deposit money with Islamic banks.
IMPLICATIONS OF SARBANES-OXLEY ACT SECTION 404 TO THE EFFECTIVENESS OF INTERNAL CONTROL
Authors: Achdiat Yayat
Published: August 2019

Financial crisis in many countries in the world since 1990 and the mid-1997 that envolved into economic crisis. a crisis of trust, and multi-dimentional crisis, which could effect the fall of the country's leaders establish in the Indonesian, shows that the financial system has a very starteeic role in the economy. and has a significant correlation and positif with the economic system. This research 4nd that the internal control model based on the Sarbanes-Oxley Act section 404 has the advantage than control models in the current conducted. SOA section 404 advantage is the inclusion of management asersi and public accountant atest in financial report, which requires the integrity of corporate management and public accountants as external auditors, because the asersi and atest should be based on the documents submitted and the results of assessment on the audit and internal control implemention. Thus if the model Sarbanes-Oxley Act is implemented then presented the financial report accountability will be more accurate.
A Critique of Debt Financing for Local Governments
Authors: Hummel Daniel
Published: August 2019

The dichotomy between pay-as-you-go (taxation financing) and pay-as-you-use (debt financing) methods of financing municipal projects, etc, is the area of concern in this paper. While there arc advantaees and disadvantages to both forms, debt financing carries a considerable amount of baggage known as interest. Interest or usury has been a concern of economic and religious thinkers through the ages. Given the potentially negative effect this has on the debtor, Indonesia is forewarned as it decentralizes fiscal administration to local governments. Besides reliance on taxation financing, an alternative public debt option is highlighted.
BANKING SERVICES AND CUSTOMER PERCEPTION IN SOME SELECTED COMMERCIAL BANKS IN BANGLADESH: A COMPARATIVE PERSPECTIVE
Authors: Mahi Uddin Md. , Khan Mohammad Aktaruzzaman , Farhana Nadia
Published: August 2019

The banking system is facing challenges with stiff competition and advancement of technology. It becomes imperative for service providers to meet or exceed the target customers' satisfaction with quality of services expected by them. Hence, the present study attempted to study customers' perception of quality of services (both transactions-based and IT-enabled) in terms of its constituent factors and IT adoption in public, private, and foreign commercial banks in this E-age. The present investigation was planned with the objective to assess the extent of use of services especially the IT-enabled services in these banks and to analyze the constituent factors affecting customer satisfaction with the quality of services. The study area was Dhaka, the capital city of Bangladesh. Simple random sampling was used for selection of sample branches. The study reveals that check deposition and check clearance are the most popular banking services among the customers of all sample banks. The customers of nationalized banks were not satisfied with the employee behavior and infrastructure while respondents of private and foreign commercial banks were not satisfied with high charges, accessibility and communication. A small number of respondents were using IT-enabled services other than ATM, and a few respondents made complain against their respective banks. Keywords : Transaction-based banking services, IT-enabled banking services, Customer satisfaction, Service quality
THE ROLE OF INDONESIAN WAQF BOARD IN PROMOTING AND DEVELOPING WAQF IN INDONESIA
Authors: Hasanah Uswatun
Published: August 2019

Indonesia is a country that has quite a lot of waqf lands, amounting to 3.492.045.373m2, distributed in 420 003 locations. Unfortunately the waqf lands are not managed productively, so that they cannot be utilized to improve the public welfare. To promote and develop waqf in Indonesia, in the Law No. 41 year 2004 it is mandated to set up Indonesian Waqf Board. In 2007 President of the Republic of Indonesia, Dr. Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono signed a decree on the  formation of Indonesian Waqf Board (BWI). Now BWI has reached it seventh year of age. The question arising is, how is the role of BWI in promoting and developing waqf in Indonesia? Despite very limited funds, BWI with its six divisions has been running its programs, and even to develop waqf in Indonesia, presently BWI has already established 24 representatives, and 9 representatives are still in the process. Hopefully with representatives in every province, Indonesian waqf can evolve in a productive manner so that the results can be used to improve the welfare of the people. Keywords: waqf, productive, and wellfare.
The Effect of Knowledge and Understanding Taxation, Quality of Tax Services, and Tax Awareness on Personal Tax Compliance
Authors: Oktaviani Ayu Aulia , Juang Florencia Trisna , Kusumaningtyas Dwi Ayu
Published: August 2019

The purpose of this study is to find out a significant influence between Knowledge and Understanding of Taxation, Tax Service Quality, and Tax Awareness on the Compliance of Individual Taxpayers registered at the KPP of Jakarta Penjaringan. The research method used is multiple regression analysis. The data used are primary data; a sample is determined by convenience sampling method, data collected using a questionnaire. Respondents in this study amounted to 100 people. The results of this study are knowledge and understanding of taxation, tax service quality, and tax awareness have a significant positive effect on the compliance of individual taxpayers. This study also proves that tax awareness, knowledge, and understanding of taxation, and tax service quality are jointly influential towards individual taxpayer compliance.
Stable isotope constraints on hydrostratigraphy and aquifer connectivity in the Table Mountain Group
Authors: Diamond R.E. , Harris C.
Published: August 2019

The Table Mountain Group is a folded, faulted, quartzite-dominated sedimentary sequence, metamorphosed to lower greenschist facies, that forms steep mountains dominating the topography of the Western Cape and causing orographic rainfall in an otherwise semi-arid region. These quartzites are highly fractured to depths of kilometres and act as a complex aquifer system that supplies groundwater directly and indirectly, through baseflow, essential for sustaining the natural environment and human activity in the region. Hydrogen and oxygen isotope data for rain, rivers and groundwater (boreholes and springs) in the region give typical altitude effects of -1.8‰ δD/100 m and -0.33‰ δ18O/100 m, and a very strong continental effect of -30‰ δD/100 km and -4.7‰ δ18O/100 km. This allows for application of stable isotopes as natural hydrological tracers. Groundwater at several locations had stable isotope compositions different from ambient rainfall, but similar to rainfall at high altitudes in adjacent mountains, indicating recharge at high altitude. The groundwater flow is through the Skurweberg Aquifer, here defined as all three formations of the Nardouw Subgroup. Observations on the Peninsula Aquifer suggest a very well mixed aquifer, due to extensive fracturing. Potential exists to delineate groundwater protection zones, detect overabstraction and understand aquifer connectivity better by applying stable isotope hydrology to the Table Mountain Group.
Air Oxidation of Sulfur Mustard Gas Simulant Using a Pyrene-Based Metal-Organic Framework Photocatalyst
Authors: Ayoub Ghada , Arhangelskis Mihails , Zhang Xuan , Son Florencia , Islamoglu Timur , Friscic Tomislav , Farha Omar
Published: August 2019

We demonstrate a microporous metal-organic framework NU-400 based on a 2,7-disubstituted pyrene linker as a highly efficient photosensitizer for generating singlet oxygen and subsequent oxidative degradation of chemical warfare agents (CWAs). The high activity of NU-400 permits photocatalytic conversion of the 2-chloroethyl ethyl sulfide (CEES) mustard gas simulant into a benign sulfoxide derivative, in air, with less than 15 minutes half-life. This is a considerable improvement to NU-1000 based on a 1,3,6,8-tetrasubstituted pyrene unit, demonstrating how variation of the substitution pattern of a metal-organic framework linker permits modification of its photoactive behavior.
电影《大鱼海棠》的传统艺术设计元素的应用评析
Authors: 任 智涵
Published: August 2019

动漫影视作品《大鱼海棠》取材于中国传统元素，受到了观众的广泛喜爱，成为了一时的现象级电影。本文首先介绍了电影《大鱼海棠》的艺术特点；其次，分析了传统艺术设计元素在电影《大鱼海棠》当中的具体应用；最后结合《大鱼海棠》中的传统艺术应用分析中国动漫电影未来的发展。
民办院校广告设计专业一年级专业课教学改革探析
Authors: 张 绨
Published: August 2019

创意产业的兴起为广告行业的发展提供了契机，各行各业都需要广告设计专业的人才，市场对广告人才的需求带动了广告设计专业教学改革的探索与实施。本文立足民办院校广告设计专业的现状，通过导师制工作室化教学模式在一年级专业课中教学改革的实践与探析，希望能够有效提高一年级专业课的课堂教学效率，为人才的培养打下好的基础。
新时代高校思想政治工作规律内涵及实施路径研究
Authors: 李 猛
Published: August 2019

高校思想政治工作关系高校培养什么样的人、如何培养人以及为谁培养人等根本性问题。做好新时代高校思想政治工作，必须围绕学生，遵循思想政治工作规律，注重思想政治工作的政治性、时效性、针对性，用好课堂教学这个主渠道，充分发挥教师的主导作用，推动思想政治理论课改革创新，建立齐抓共管、各负其责、协同配合的工作格局，全面提升高校思想政治工作能力和水平。
从课程体系建设和教学改革的维度来促进大学生创业能力提升
Authors: 李 映松 , 李 红 , 明 文钦 , 杨 荣芳
Published: August 2019

大学生创业能力提升工作是创新创业教育的重要内容。高校创新创业教育是一个系统工程，需要从多个维度进行推进。本文基于大学生创业能力提升工作，分析目前存在的问题和不足，从课程体系建设和教学改革的维度对大学生创业能力提升工作提出对策建议及工作实践。
互动式教学模式在初中英语教学中的应用研究
Authors: 孙 阳
Published: August 2019

现阶段英语是一门十分重要的课程，对提升学生的语言表达能力非常重要。因此，互动教学是属于英语教学当中一个重要部分。从目前各个中学的英语教学课堂来看，仍然有很多教师都保持着传统的英语教学模式，单纯的进行讲解和灌输知识，对学生提高英语能力和水平非常不利。进行互动式教学是目前一种创新的教学模式，同时可以弥补过去教学模式所存在的问题，进而提高学生自身自主学习的能力。
浅析如何有效开展小学美术趣味化教学
Authors: 乌 云
Published: August 2019

美术课程作为小学课程体系必不可少的内容之一，直接关系着学生的审美能力，有利于培养学生的艺术素养和综合素质。在小学美术教学活动中，趣味性是主要的教学活动要素之一，可以激发起学生的学习兴趣，充分发挥学生的创造力和想象空间，培养学生美术学习的信心与兴趣。
应用型本科院校国防教育课程范式研究
Authors: 鲁 春燕
Published: August 2019

应用型本科院校国防教育课程范式研究
信息化大赛背景下中职平面设计专业课堂教学实践研究
Authors: 卓 娜
Published: August 2019

随着国家信息化教学比赛的不断深入，在中职平面设计专业课堂教学中灵活应用信息技术手段来提高中职平面设计专业课堂的时效性和学生学习的主动性，对提升平面设计专业教学质量有着积极的意义。这就要求教师在教育教学过程中结合平面设计专业特点、教学目标、人才培养方案等方面，结合信息化手段来制定有效的教学策略。本文以本校平面设计专业课堂教学为例，阐述如何在课堂教学中融入信息化教学手段的实践研究。
“互联网+”时代对大学生思想政治教育的启示
Authors: 刘 月萍
Published: August 2019

在互联网的感召下，教育开始迈向信息化发展，广大教育工作者的思想观念随之改变。在“互联网 +”时代下，大学生思想政治教育面临全新的发展机遇，也会面临许多挑战。这就需要广大教育工作者紧跟互联网时代步伐，不断改进思想政治教育，保证教育可以对大学生起到应有的效果。
军队院校军事体育课程教学模式理论构建
Authors: 夏 传高
Published: August 2019

军事体育是军事院校学员所必需要学习的一门课程，军事体育教学效果直接关系着学员的学习质量和学习水平，本文主要针对军队院校军事体育课程教学模式理论构建进行探究。
浅议中职生《五官科护理学》的教育教学方法的探索
Authors: 杜 洪英
Published: August 2019

本文针对五官科护理学在中职学校教学时的特点以及每个教师不同的教学方法和他们存在着哪些问题进行一个系统性的阐述，另外在如何改变现有的教学方法，寻找适应学生的教学方法上进行探索。将所要教授的内容进行一个合理地调整，从而达到提高学生学习《五官科护理学》积极性的目的。既解决了《五官科护理学》教学内容过多且繁杂的问题，还减少了学生与教学之间的矛盾，进而提升《五官科护理学》的教学水平，为整个社会培育出达标准的护理人员。
虚拟机技术在高职计算机网络安全教学中的应用
Authors: 刘 荣
Published: August 2019

随着中国科学技术不断地迅猛的发展，计算机网络为我们的生活带来了越来越多的影响。为了跟进时代的潮流，推动中国社会的发展，许多高校或者高职专业的学校都开设了相关的计算机课程，准备为社会输入更多的人才。在教育教学的过程中，以传统的方式进行网络计算机的教学已经不能满足当下的需要，因此就需要将虚拟机技术应用到教育当中。
“产出导向法”在商务英语阅读教学中的可行性研究
Authors: 马 娟
Published: August 2019

在大学本科商务英语专业阅读教学过程中，结合商务英语阅读课程独特的篇章结构、词汇特点、句法特征以及文体色彩，以文秋芳教授的产出导向法为基础，本文试图探析“产出导向法”理论在商务英语阅读中的可行性。希望通过本文使学习者认识到商务英语类文章内在独特的商务特点，将课程环节重塑为合理“驱动”、适时“促成”到最终有效“评价”，以用促学，进而增强学习者商务英语阅读理解能力，从而提高学习者商务英语阅读水平。
地方应用型本科院校建设中产教融合路径的探索与思考
Authors: 雷 龙涛
Published: August 2019

产教融合是解决中国人才培养供给侧和产业发展需求侧结构性矛盾的根本之道，也是地方应用型本科院校建设的重要路径。校企双方在协同育人、共建融合、科研牵引、人才交流中逐步实现产教融合。校企合作使人才培养端与人才使用端同频共振，培养企业需要的高素质应用型人才，提升地方应用型本科院校的应用型人才培养能力。
利用语料库和深度学习建设个性化网络英语学习课程
Authors: 卢 美华 , 王 巧玲
Published: August 2019

本文首先介绍了语料库和深度学习的概念，然后分别论述了语料库和深度学习在处理英语上的功能。根据语料库词汇分级功能，结合学生实际英语水平，提出为学生量身定制英语学习课程，通过现有的具有网络功能的软件把定制化的课程发布在网上，通过深度学习功能为学生提供全天候的辅导。
The Relation of Vitamin D Levels to Isokinetic Muscular Strength In Adolescent Athletes
Authors: ERCAN Sabriye
Published: August 2019

Aim: To determine the relation between vitamin D levels and isokinetic muscular strength in athletes, and to compare the muscular strength between athletes with and without vitamin D deficiency. Methods: The records in the sports medicine clinic were examined, where the general medical examinations and performance analyses of the athletes had been conducted. The data of the athletes were examined, whose serum 25-OH vitamin D levels had been determined and isokinetic knee flexion-extension muscular strength test had been conducted. Age, height, body weight, discipline of sports, the year of beginning to sports and training duration per week (hours/week) were recorded for each athlete. The athletes were separated into two groups as vitamin D levels below 20 ng/mL (Group 1) and above 20 ng/mL (Group 2). Results: There was not any statistically significant difference between the demographic data and training data of the groups (p˃0.05). Vitamin D deficiency was found in 44% of all the athletes. The average vitamin D level was 13.8 ng/mL for Group 1, and 27.2 ng/mL for Group 2 (p:0.001). The serum calcium and serum phosphor levels were similar (p˃0.05). The isokinetic muscular strength test did not yield a difference between the two groups. It was found that vitamin D levels did not show any correlation with demographic data, training details and with any parameter of muscular strength (p˃0.05). Conclusion: In this study, there are no difference in effect of vitamin D on muscle strength, but significant results could be obtained in other studies with large participants.
The Spontaneous Development of Society and the Problem of Forecasting the Future
Authors: Danilov Alexander N.
Published: August 2019

The article discusses the development of modern society. In the author’s opinion, the prediction of society development is not possible due to the spontaneity of social processes. The contemporary social development is characterized by transition values: strategic instability, permanent crisis, decay of morality, degradation of the ecological environment, increase of international terrorism, danger of nuclear war, etc. Each epoch, including an epoch of uncertainty, gives rise to its own mechanisms for regulating world development, which are based on the historical memory of mankind, on the acknowledgment of the value of peaceful coexistence and the acceptance of human life as the highest value. Preventing war is the main value of world development. The crucial decisions of country’s further development are dictated by the security of the state. The author demonstrates that in our time the ideal of progress evolves from the concept of accelerated innovation changes into the ideal of sustainable development, which presumes the formation of new values as a condition for the transition to new strategies of civilizational development. The current system of economic growth has its own value foundation – a consumer society. The preservation of a consumer society or the transition to alternative development scenarios largely depend on the achievements of the social sciences and humanities. The future will come without our will, but are we ready to accept this alien and unpredictable future? That is why we cannot passively await the future. The future will not arise by itself, the future will be what we make it.