bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Taigawurzel – Bewährt bei Erschöpfung und Konzentrationsschwäche
Authors: Chrubasik-Hausmann Sigrun
Published: September 2020

Die Taigawurzel (Eleutherococcus senticosus), ein Adaptogen aus der Traditionellen AsiatischenMedizin, wurde 2014 von der EuropeanMedicines Agency als traditionelles Arzneimittelmit plausibler Wirkung monografiert. ZurAnwendung bei „Körperschwäche bzw. Kraftlosigkeiteinhergehend mit Müdigkeit“ kommenZubereitungen aus der getrocknetenWurzel, die mindestens 0,08 % Eleutherosideenthalten muss.Zahlreiche experimentelle und humanpharmakologischeStudien weisen auf eineAnti-Stress- und Anti-Müdigkeits- sowie eineimmunmodulierende Wirkung. ExperimentelleStudien demonstrieren außerdem eine antioxidative, antiproliferative, zellschützende(Gehirn, Herz, Leber) und antientzündlicheWirkung sowie den Blutzucker senkende, blut- und leberfettsenkende, antimikrobielle, antivirale und andere Wirkungen. Auch inklinischen Studien ist die Anti-Stress- und Anti-Müdigkeits-Wirkung dokumentiert, in Testen, bei Belastungen und Erkrankungen sowiedurch ein größeres Durchhaltevermögen undeine schnellere Regeneration nach sportlicherBelastung. Doch nicht alle Studien kommenzu einem positiven Schluss. Beweisende Studienfehlen, sodass die Wirkgröße der Taigawurzelweder bei Stressbelastung noch bei Erkrankungenwie Virusinfektionen, ischämischemSchlaganfall, Diabetes, Osteoporose, Krebserkrankungenusw. angegeben werden kann.Das Auftreten unerwünschter Wirkungenist selten, Wechselwirkungen mit Medikamentensind wohl kaum zu befürchten. DaLangzeitstudien fehlen, wird empfohlen, Zubereitungenaus der Taigawurzel nicht längerals 2 Monate einzunehmen.
Die integrative Medizin ist die Medizin des 21. Jahrhunderts
Authors: Niklas Anke
Published: September 2020

Prof. Jost Langhorst im zkm-Gespräch über Naturheilkunde und Komplementärmedizin, die neueKlinik für Integrative Medizin in Bamberg und Leitlinienarbeit
3 Fachleute – 3 Behandlungsmethoden: Frailty
Authors: Nagersheth Kalyani , Froböse Ingo , Michalsen Andreas
Published: September 2020

Frailty
Incomplete endoscopic resection of colorectal polyps: a prospective quality assurance study
Authors: Pedersen Ina B. , Bretthauer Michael , Kalager Mette , Løberg Magnus , Hoff Geir , Matapour Senaria , Hugin Silje , Frigstad Svein O. , Seip Birgitte , Kleist Britta A. , Løvdal Leif , Botteri Edoardo , Holme Øyvind
Published: September 2020

Background Endoscopic screening with polypectomy has been shown to reduce colorectal cancer incidence in randomized trials. Incomplete polyp removal and subsequent development of post-colonoscopy cancers may attenuate the effect of screening. This study aimed to quantify the extent of incomplete polyp removal.

Methods We included patients aged 50–75 years with nonpedunculated polyps ≥ 5 mm removed during colonoscopy at four hospitals in Norway. To evaluate completeness of polyp removal, biopsies from the resection margins were obtained after polypectomy. Logistic regression models were fitted to identify factors explaining incomplete resection.

Results 246 patients with 339 polyps underwent polypectomy between January 2015 and June 2017. A total of 12 polyps were excluded due to biopsy electrocautery damage, and 327 polyps in 246 patients (mean age 67 years [range 42–83]; 52 % male) were included in the analysis. Overall, 54 polyps (15.9 %) in 54 patients were incompletely resected. Histological diagnosis of the polyp (sessile serrated lesions vs. adenoma, odds ratio [OR] 10.9, 95 % confidence interval [CI] 3.9–30.1) and polyp location (proximal vs. distal colon, OR 2.8, 95 %CI 1.0–7.7) were independent risk factors for incomplete removal of polyps 5–19 mm. Board-certified endoscopists were not associated with lower rates of incomplete resection compared with trainees (14.0 % vs. 14.2 %), OR 1.0 (95 %CI 0.5–2.1).

Conclusion Incomplete polyp resection was frequent after polypectomy in routine clinical practice. Serrated histology and proximal location were independent risk factors for incomplete resection. The performance of board-certified gastroenterologists was not superior to that of trainees.
Erworbene valvuläre Herzerkrankungen: eine zunehmende Belastung für die Gesundheitssysteme der Welt?
Authors: Kalbacher Daniel
Published: September 2020

Die Ätiologie valvulärer Herzerkrankungen hat sich in der westlichen Welt von ursprünglich führend rheumatisch bedingten Vitien zu ganz überwiegend degenerativ bedingten Vitien verschoben. Damit einhergehend hat sich auch das Spektrum der entsprechenden Patienten dahingehend verändert, dass ganz überwiegend ältere Menschen und häufiger Männer mit einer zunehmenden Anzahl an relevanten Ko-Morbiditäten betroffen sind. Die führenden Herzklappenerkrankungen sind in absteigender Häufigkeit die Aortenklappenstenose, die Mitralklappeninsuffizienz und die Aortenklappeninsuffizienz. Aufgrund der Überalterung der Bevölkerung und der zunehmenden Verfügbarkeit interventioneller Therapieoptionen stellt die Behandlung von valvulären Herzerkrankungen eine bedeutende medizinische und sozioökonomische Herausforderung für das Gesundheitssystem dar.
Asymmetric Conjugate Addition of α-Cyanoketones to Benzoyl Acrylonitrile Derivatives Using a Diaminomethylenemalononitrile Organocatalyst
Authors: Miura Tsuyoshi , Akutsu Hiroshi , Nakashima Kosuke , Kanetsuna Yuta , Kawada Masahiro , Hirashima Shin-ichi
Published: September 2020

A diaminomethylenemalononitrile (DMM) organocatalyst was used to efficiently promote asymmetric conjugate addition of various α-cyanoketones to benzoyl acrylonitrile derivatives. The corresponding 1,5-dicarbonyl compounds containing vicinal tertiary and quaternary stereogenic centers are versatile synthetic intermediates and were obtained in good yields and with excellent enantioselectivities (up to 96% ee). The present study describes the first successful examples of asymmetric conjugate addition reactions of α-cyanoketones with benzoyl acrylonitriles. In addition, the DMM organocatalyst can be recovered and reused up to five times without significant loss of either catalytic activity or enantioselectivity.
Neurotecoma na axila causando dor persistente no ombro: Relato de caso
Authors: Silva Christine Maria Muniz , Fontenele João Paulo Uchoa , Lopes Jailson Rodrigues , de Brito Gabriella Cristina Coelho , Teixeira Manuel Joaquim Diógenes , Rocha Francisco Airton Castro
Published: September 2020

Neurotecomas, também conhecidos como mixomas da bainha neural, são tumores benignos raros da bainha neural afetando mais comumente a cabeça, braços e ombros de mulheres entre 20 e 40 anos de idade. Devido à baixa prevalência e quadro clínico mal definido, essas lesões são raramente consideradas no diagnóstico diferencial de tumores cutâneos. Relatamos o caso de uma mulher de 24 anos de idade que procurou atendimento em 2016 relatando dor moderada por mais de um ano e limitação dos movimentos do ombro esquerdo. Ao exame, foi constatada restrição da mobilidade dessa articulação e uma ressonância magnética revelou imagem multilobular com aumento de sinal em T2 na região quadrilateral, aparentando invasão da região cortical do úmero subjacente. A histopatologia de uma biópsia incisional mostrou lesão composta por tecido conjuntivo frouxo, sem sinais de invasão, figuras de mitose ou atipias. Foi realizada excisão completa da lesão e o diagnóstico de neurotecoma foi confirmado após análise histopatológica que incluiu painel imunohistoquímico. À revisão de 18 meses, a paciente estava assintomática com recuperação completa do movimento e sem evidência de recidiva da lesão.
Imaging in Propeller Flap Surgery
Authors: Ono Shimpei , Ohi Hiroyuki , Ogawa Rei
Published: September 2020

Since propeller flaps are elevated as island flaps and most often nourished by a single perforator nearby the defect, it is challenging to change the flap design intraoperatively when a reliable perforator cannot be found where expected to exist. Thus, accurate preoperative mapping of perforators is essential in the safe planning of propeller flaps. Various methods have been reported so far: (1) handheld acoustic Doppler sonography (ADS), (2) color duplex sonography (CDS), (3) perforator computed tomographic angiography (P-CTA), and (4) magnetic resonance angiography (MRA). To facilitate the preoperative perforator assessment, P-CTA is currently considered as the gold standard imaging tool in revealing the three-dimensional anatomical details of perforators precisely. Nevertheless, ADS remains the most widely used tool due to its low cost, faster learning, and ease of use despite an undesirable number of false-positive results. CDS can provide hemodynamic characteristics of the perforator and is a valid and safer alternative particularly in patients in whom ionizing radiation and/or contrast exposure should be limited. Although MRA is less accurate in detecting smaller perforators of caliber less than 1.0 mm and the intramuscular course of perforators at the present time, MRA is expected to improve in the future due to the recent developments in technology, making it as accurate as P-CTA. Moreover, it provides the advantage of being radiation-free with fewer contrast reactions.
Avaliação dos resultados funcionais do tratamento cirúrgico artroscópico da lesão completa do manguito rotador com seguimento mínimo de 10 anos
Authors: Godinho André Couto , Santos Flávio Márcio Lago , Donato Neto Francisco Pereira , Silva Paulo Victor Nunes Paz , Fonseca Júnior Ricardo Dantas
Published: September 2020

Objetivo Analisar o resultado funcional dos pacientes submetidos ao tratamento cirúrgico videoartroscópico da ruptura completa do manguito rotador do ombro, com seguimento mínimo de 10 anos.

Métodos Foram avaliados 63 pacientes (63 ombros) submetidos ao reparo cirúrgico videoartroscópico da ruptura completa do manguito rotador com seguimento mínimo de 10 anos. O resultado funcional no pós-operatório desses pacientes foi avaliado pelos escores de Constant e UCLA.

Resultados Os valores médios foram de 26 pontos no escore UCLA e de 93 no escore de Constant. Para o escore de Constant, 91% foram considerados satisfatórios; e para o UCLA, 62% dos pacientes apresentaram escores satisfatórios.

Conclusão O reparo artroscópico da ruptura completa do manguito rotador mostrou-se efetivo mesmo a longo prazo (seguimento mínimo de dez anos). A idade dos pacientes antes da cirurgia, o tamanho da lesão, o grau de infiltração gordurosa e a avaliação do trofismo muscular foram importantes preditores de prognóstico.
Ovarian Sparing Surgery in Mature Ovarian Teratomas in Children: A 20-Year Single-Center Experience
Authors: Szymon Olga , Bogusz Bartosz , Taczanowska-Niemczuk Anna , Maślanka Marcin , Górecki Wojciech
Published: September 2020

Introduction Despite its benign nature, possible bilateral presentation, and a very good prognosis, ovarian sparing tumorectomy (OST) in mature ovarian teratoma (MOT) is not commonly performed. Unilateral oophorectomy has physiological consequences, while bilateral is devastating. The aim of this study is promotion of OST in MOT among children.

Materials and Methods We reviewed 120 patients operated for MOT between August 1999 and 2019.

Results Ovariectomy was performed in 15 patients (14 between 1999 and 2009 and 1 after 2010). In 105 girls, OST was possible including 32 with ovarian torsion. The approach was laparoscopy in 30 girls (11 conversions) and laparotomy in 94. Intra-abdominal spillage occurred in 30% of laparoscopic dissections. Postoperative morbidity was not associated with surgical approach (p = 0.613) or presence of adnexal torsion (p = 0,608). Follow-up was from 4 months to 9 years (median = 4 years) with access to 90% of patients. Bilateral lesions were observed in six (synchronous in five and metachronous in one) patients. Recurrence appeared in three patients operated via laparotomy and OST (after 12, 46, and 74 months). In one girl, asynchronous contralateral MOT was found 5 years after unilateral oophorectomy. Ovarian regeneration after torsion was observed in sonography in 84.4% of the patients. None of the patients experienced chemical peritonitis or malignant tumor transformation.

Conclusion OST is safe and effective and should be the first-line procedure in children. Laparoscopy and laparotomy constitute a complementary approach to MOT. Ultrasound follow-up is necessary to monitor recurrence, contralateral disease, and ovarian regeneration.
Malignant Ascites
Authors: Elsakka Ahmed , Yarmohammadi Hooman
Published: September 2020

Malignant ascites negatively impacts patient's quality of life and has significant impact on the health care resources. Majority of management guidelines are based on systemic reviews that have predominately relied on retrospective data. Therefore, there is lack of high-level evidence-based studies. In this review, the etiologies, pathophysiology, and various treatment methods including diuretic therapy, large volume paracentesis, indwelling catheter placement, peritoneovenous shunt, transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt, and other available novel and/or experimental options are reviewed.
Revisiting the Room-Temperature Metastable 2E Lifetime in Ruby for an Upper Division Phosphorescence Laboratory Experiment
Authors: Jones Z. , Hinds J. , Woznichak S. , Calamai A.
Published: September 2020

Many existing advanced laboratory experiences associated with the metastable 2E term of Cr3+ in ruby, which gives rise to the R-lines at 692.7 and 694.3 nm, focus on a room-temperature measurement of the radiative lifetime of the 2E term. In our local work developing a laboratory experience in atomic phosphorescence, we noted a lack of consistency in the literature for the lifetime of the Cr3+ 2E term. These projects typically use commercially available ruby spheres for which the manufacturer(s) only state an ∼2% Cr concentration. The uncertainty in chromium concentration represents one major source of systematic error for this laboratory experience, as does the neglect of reabsorption of R-line photons within the respective sample. We present our results and corrections for systematic issues that make this project a more rewarding experience for students. Our result for the room temperature radiative-lifetime for the 2E term is 3.3 ± 0.1 ms; which, unlike some more recent reports1, compares favorably with that of Nelson and Sturge3.
Optical Buffering in a Bottle Microresonator on an Optical Fiber
Authors: Schauer Kalista , Pfenning Michael
Published: September 2020

Manufacturing highly efficient optical communications and computing devices requires designing dense integrated photonic circuits. Unfortunately, surface roughness of microscopic optical signaling devices results in light attenuation, decreasing the efficiency of the optical devices. A microscopic optical buffer would alleviate these issues; a potential solution is the Surface Nanoscale Axial Photonics (SNAP) platform. The SNAP platform operates because of the propagation of whispering gallery modes (WGMs) around the surface of an optical fiber. Because WGMs undergo slow axial propagation, they can be mathematically described by the one-dimensional Schrödinger equation. In this project, we calculate solutions to the effective wave equation to model the circulation of whispering gallery modes. We study the evolution of Gaussian-shaped wave pulses in a bottle microresonator on an optical fiber. By analyzing the propagation of WGMs within the bottle microresonator, we can examine the feasibility of creating a microscopic optical buffer for use in optical signal processing. In this project, we find analytical and numerical solutions to the effective wave equation, which is strikingly similar to the Schrödinger equation. We then use the numerical solutions to the effective wave equation to develop a model of the system in Mathematica.
Three-Dimensional Relativistic Jet Simulations of Radio-Loud Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN)
Authors: Schuh Terance , Li Yutong , Wiita Paul J.
Published: September 2020

We have computed a suite of simulations of propagating three-dimensional relativistic jets involving substantial ranges of initial jet Lorentz factors and ratios of jet density to external medium density. These allow us to categorize the respective active galactic nuclei (AGN) into Fanaroff–Riley (FR) class I (jet dominated) and FR class II (lobe dominated) based upon the stability and morphology of the simulations. We used the Athena code, and more recently, the Athena++ code, to produce a collection of large 3D variations of jets, many of which propagate stably and quickly for over 100 jet radii, but others of which eventually become unstable and fill up slowing advancing lobes. Comparing the times when some jets become unstable to these initial parameters allows us to find a threshold where radio-loud AGNs transition from class II to class I. With our highest resolution, fully 3D relativistic simulations we can represent the jets more accurately and thus improve upon and refine earlier results that were based on both our now high-resolution 3D and 2D simulations.
Simultaneous two-color snapshot view on ultrafast charge and spin dynamics in a Fe-Cu-Ni tri-layer
Authors: Rösner Benedikt , Vodungbo Boris , Chardonnet Valentin , Döring Florian , Guzenko Vitaliy A. , Hennes Marcel , Kleibert Armin , Lebugle Maxime , Lüning Jan , Mahne Nicola , Merhe Aladine , Naumenko Denys , Nikolov Ivaylo P. , Lopez-Quintas Ignacio , Pedersoli Emanuele , Ribič Primož R. , Savchenko Tatiana , Watts Benjamin , Zangrando Marco , Capotondi Flavio , David Christian , Jal Emmanuelle
Published: September 2020

Ultrafast phenomena on a femtosecond timescale are commonly examined by pump-probe experiments. This implies multiple measurements, where the sample under investigation is pumped with a short light pulse and then probed with a second pulse at various time delays to follow its dynamics. Recently, the principle of streaking extreme ultraviolet (XUV) pulses in the temporal domain has enabled recording the dynamics of a system within a single pulse. However, separate pump-probe experiments at different absorption edges still lack a unified timing, when comparing the dynamics in complex systems. Here, we report on an experiment using a dedicated optical element and the two-color emission of the FERMI XUV free-electron laser to follow the charge and spin dynamics in composite materials at two distinct absorption edges, simultaneously. The sample, consisting of ferromagnetic Fe and Ni layers, separated by a Cu layer, is pumped by an infrared laser and probed by a two-color XUV pulse with photon energies tuned to the M-shell resonances of these two transition metals. The experimental geometry intrinsically avoids any timing uncertainty between the two elements and unambiguously reveals an approximately 100 fs delay of the magnetic response with respect to the electronic excitation for both Fe and Ni. This delay shows that the electronic and spin degrees of freedom are decoupled during the demagnetization process. We furthermore observe that the electronic dynamics of Ni and Fe show pronounced differences when probed at their resonance, while the demagnetization dynamics are similar. These observations underline the importance of simultaneous investigation of the temporal response of both charge and spin in multi-component materials. In a more general scenario, the experimental approach can be extended to continuous energy ranges, promising the development of jitter-free transient absorption spectroscopy in the XUV and soft X-ray regimes.
Ultrahigh-performance integrated inverters based on amorphous zinc tin oxide deposited at room temperature
Authors: Lahr Oliver , von Wenckstern Holger , Grundmann Marius
Published: September 2020

Recent advances in the field of integrated circuits based on sustainable and transparent amorphous oxide semiconductors (AOSs) are presented, demonstrating ultrahigh performance operating state-of-the-art integrated inverters comprising metal–semiconductor field-effect transistors (MESFETs) with amorphous zinc tin oxide (ZTO) as a channel material. All individual circuit layers have been deposited entirely at room temperature, and the completed devices did not require undergoing additional thermal annealing treatment in order to facilitate proper device functionality. The demonstrated ZTO-based MESFETs exhibit current on/off ratios of over 8 orders of magnitude a field-effect mobility of 8.4 cm2 V−1 s−1, and they can be switched within a voltage range of less than 1.5 V attributed to their small subthreshold swing as low as 86 mV decade−1. Due to adjustments of the circuit layout and, thus, the improvement of certain geometry-related transistor properties, the associated Schottky diode FET logic inverters facilitate low-voltage switching by exhibiting a remarkable maximum voltage gain of up to 1190 with transition voltages of only 80 mV while operating at low supply voltages ≤3 V and maintaining a stable device performance under level shift. To the best of our knowledge, the presented integrated inverters clearly exceed the performance of any similar previously reported devices based on AOS, and thus, prove the enormous potential of amorphous ZTO for sustainable, scalable low-power electronics within future flexible and transparent applications.
Non-Equilibrium Minority Carrier Transport
Authors: Levi A. F. J.
Published: September 2020

The chapter starts by emphasizing the importance of decoupling transistor current gain from non-equilibrium electron transport. The dielectric response of a majority p-type carrier system to a probe electron in the conduction band is then analyzed in terms of valence band excitations. Experimentally measured non-equilibrium electron transport across the base of a heterostructure bipolar transistor is described, followed by calculation of non-equilibrium minority carrier scattering rates. An important phase-space argument is introduced to explain a reduction in calculated non-equilibrium scattering rate with increasing, and very high, majority carrier concentration. The chapter concludes by describing the influence that non-equilibrium electron transport has in determining the design of a high-performance heterostructure bipolar transistor.
In ovo corticosterone administration alters body composition irrespective of arginine supplementation in 35-day-old female chicken meat birds
Authors: Angove Joshua L. , Willson Nicky-Lee , Cadogan David J. , Forder Rebecca E. A.
Published: September 2020

Context
Exposure to maternal hormones can permanently alter an embryo’s developmental trajectory. Maternal mediated effects have significant potential in the chicken meat industry, as breeder hens are feed restricted in a bid to improve performance. Evidence suggests breeder hens are chronically stressed, resulting from periods of prolonged hunger. However, evidence linking embryonic exposure to early-life stress and altered offspring phenotype in meat chickens is lacking. Additionally, methods to alleviate the phenotypic consequences of early-life stress have not been comprehensively explored. Nutritional supplementation with amino acids, such as arginine (Arg), may provide one such option, as Arg reportedly enhances performance characteristics in chicken meat birds.

Aims
An in ovo study was conducted to investigate whether exposure to in ovo stress altered offspring performance in meat chickens. Additionally, Arg was supplemented post-hatch to alleviate reductions in performance, hypothesised to occur as a result of exposure to corticosterone.

Method
A total of 400 eggs were divided into two groups and administered a corticosterone (CORT) or control (CON) solution at embryonic Day 11. At hatch, birds were separated into four groups based on in ovo and dietary treatments: CORT-Control, CORT-Arg, CON-Arg and CON-Control. Birds fed supplementary Arg diets received an Arg:lysine inclusion of 125%. Bodyweight (bwt) and feed conversion were recorded weekly. Birds were euthanised at embryonic Day 15, Day 0, 7, 21 (n = 40 birds/time point), 28 and 35 (n = 48 birds/time point) for organ collection. A total of 12 additional female birds were euthanised and subjected to a dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry scan for body composition at Day 35.

Results
Neither in ovo nor diet treatments influenced bwt, bwt gain, feed conversion or plasma corticosterone at any time point, nor did any in ovo by diet interaction exist. Female birds exposed to CORT exhibited significantly greater fat mass (%bwt; P = 0.007) and reduced lean mass (%bwt; P = 0.026) compared with CON females at Day 35. Supplementary Arg did not influence bird body composition.

Conclusions
These findings suggest in ovo exposure to CORT may negatively influence body composition of female birds.

Implications
Understanding the effects of the maternal/in ovo environment may provide a novel approach to further improve carcass quality and flock uniformity.
Analogy and explicit motor learning in dynamic balance: Posturography and performance analyses
Authors: Kim Sung‐Min , Qu Feng , Lam Wing‐Kai
Published: September 2020

Unlike explicit learning, analogy learning allows learners to acquire skills with a movement metaphor with fewer verbal knowledge accumulated during early learning, resulting in less reliance on cognitive resources for better motor performances. However, the efficacy of analogical instruction on balance is still unclear. This study examined learning and subsequent performance (including posturography) of a Y‐balance task by explicit and analogical instructions. Forty female undergraduates were randomly assigned either into analogy (n = 20) or explicit (n = 20) learning. Both group learners completed pre‐learning test‐block on Day 1 (6 trials), five consecutive learning blocks from Days 3 to 7 (135 trials) and followed by test‐blocks on Day 9 (retention 1 – dual‐task – retention 2 design, 18 trials). Maximum reaching distances in anterior, posterolateral and posteromedial directions were measured to indicate Y‐balance performance. During test‐blocks (pre‐learning, retention 1, dual‐task, retention 2), CoM displacement and CoP excursion were quantified with the motion capturing system and force platform, respectively. Results indicated that maximum reach distances of two groups increased across learning days (p < .001). During test‐blocks, explicit learners reduced maximum reaching distances under the dual‐task test than the retention test 1 (p < .001), while analogy learners remained robust performance across test‐blocks (p = .071). Moreover, analogy learners reported fewer explicit knowledge and demonstrated better counting backward performance than explicit learners. These findings suggest that introducing an analogical instruction in dynamic balance training is feasible and has implications to develop balance training strategies for injury prevention and performance enhancement.
Simple scheme generating an axisymmetrically anisotropic initial flow of incompressible turbulence using a normal random number vector
Authors: Suzuki Hiroki , Hasebe Koudai , Hasegawa Yutaka , Ushijima Tatsuo , Mochizuki Shinsuke
Published: September 2020

The present study introduces a simple scheme for generating an axisymmetrically anisotropic incompressible initial flow. In addition, the proposed scheme is used to examine the effects of kinetic energy conservation errors on the time evolution of the anisotropic initial flows. In the analysis of the present study, an inviscid flow is analyzed. In this inviscid flow, the kinetic energy characteristics are known analytically. The kinetic energy conservation error is obtained using the Crank-Nicolson (CN) method. The scheme of the present study generates an axisymmetrically anisotropic initial flow by obtaining the weights of normal random vector components using an anisotropic parameter. The analysis of the flow field is performed using a fourth-order differential scheme that explicitly conserves kinetic energy with a fourth-order Runge-Kutta scheme. Because of the kinetic energy conservation error, the kinetic energy obtained using the CN method increases with time. The magnitude of the initial anisotropy obtained by this scheme decreases with time. This result is only slightly affected by kinetic energy conservation errors. On the other hand, kinetic energy conservation error affects the magnitude of the pressure-strain correlation term.
Tunnel image stitching based on geometry and features
Authors: Wang Zhaoyuan , He Li , Li Taosheng , Tao Jian , Hu Chengxue , Wang Mochuan
Published: September 2020

In the fast tunnel detection of multi-camera, a disease distributed in multiple images is prone to be misidentified as multiple diseases, which affects the evaluation of the status of the tunnel. This paper proposes a high-precision stitching method driven by data and scene based on multi-camera sequence images. Firstly, geometric rough calculation is performed to generate the theoretical stitching mode using the geometric positional relationship between the cameras in the scene and the image relationship is renewed after theoretical stitching. Secondly, feature points are extracted and matched for adjacent overlapping images by SURF algorithm. Therefore, pixel-level data registration is performed to achieve the image stitching. Finally, an integrated stitching mode is proposed based on the theoretical stitching and pixel-level data registration, which utilizes the stitched sequence images with high physical resolution to extract cross-section information. Practical results show that the method can achieve image stitching of the tunnels with high accuracy and good reliability.
A dual-band amplitude shift-keying terahertz encoder based on 2DEG metamaterial
Authors: Shi Xintong , Zeng Dehui , Huang Wei , Yin Shan , Guo Ling
Published: September 2020

The amplitude shift keying (ASK) is a significant technique in communications. We propose a terahertz encoder based on the 2-dimensional electron gas (2DEG) metamaterial, which can complete ASK in the 0.43 THz and 0.81 THz independently. The ON/OFF ratio of the encoder in each band is more than 86%. The research is helpful in promoting terahertz technology and next-generation communications.
Research on “concentric drum” project based on discrete model
Authors: Xiong Lingyi , Shi Linsong , Xu Wenwen
Published: September 2020

The “concentric drum” project tests team members’ ability of cooperation, and the team members can hit the ball more times by working together. It is a typical dynamic problem. In this paper, the complete elastic collision model and the drum surface segmentation model are established to complete the discrete model. Through the optimization of the system, the good solution results of the problem are obtained gradually. The “concentric drum” strategy based on the discrete model has a certain reference for the solution of dynamic problems.
Flag-transitive point-primitive 2-designs with socle A5
Authors: Tian Delu , Li Guiqiu
Published: September 2020

Let D be a non-trivial 2-(v, k, λ) design with a flag-transitive, point-primitive automorphism group G of almost simple type. If Soc(G) = A5, one of the alternating groups, then there are precisely 3 such non-isomorphic 2-designs.
Epileptic EEG information entropy based on different entropy estimation methods
Authors: Li Min , Fang Yunjie , Zhang Yu , Zhang Yiling , Chen Junwei , Zhu Bingxin , Yan Wei , Wang Jun
Published: September 2020

We use the information entropy based on linear model, K-nearest neighbour estimation and kernel estimation to study the brain, a complex nonlinear dynamic system, and distinguish the nonlinear dynamic complexity of epileptic and normal EEG signals in Bonn database. The entropy estimation method of linear model and K-nearest neighbour estimation can only distinguish the information entropy of epileptic period from that of other two cases, but it can’t distinguish the information entropy of epileptic interval and normal EEG signals. However, kernel estimation can distinguish the information entropy of EEG signals in three states well, and the threshold range is [0.1,3]. With the increase of threshold, the discrimination effect is gradually significant until stable, and the discrimination effect is obvious when the threshold is 0.5. The result of analysis indicated that EEG information entropy was the highest in the epileptic seizure period, followed by the epileptic seizure interval, and the lowest in normal human brain.
Recognizing Chinese judicial named entity using BiLSTM-CRF
Authors: Tang Pin , Yang Pinli , Shi Yuang , Zhou Yi , Lin Feng , Wang Yan
Published: September 2020

Named entity recognition (NER) plays an essential role in natural language processing systems. Judicial NER is a fundamental component of judicial information retrieval, entity relation extraction, and knowledge map building. However, Chinese judicial NER remains to be more challenging due to the characteristics of Chinese and high accuracy requirements in the judicial filed. Thus, in this paper, we propose a deep learning-based method named BiLSTM-CRF which consists of bi-directional long short-term memory (BiLSTM) and conditional random fields (CRF). For further accuracy promotion, we propose to use Adaptive moment estimation (Adam) for optimization of the model. To validate our method, we perform experiments on judgment documents including commutation, parole and temporary service outside prison, which is acquired from China Judgments Online. Experimental results achieve the accuracy of 0.876, recall of 0.856 and F1 score of 0.855, which suggests the superiority of the proposed BiLSTM-CRF with Adam optimizer.
Study on stock market volatility spillover effect based on TVP-VAR model
Authors: Zhang Xiaowan , Yi Ronghua , Wang Ying
Published: September 2020

Utilizing time-varying VAR model and impulse response analysis, we examine the dynamic impact of volatility from foreign companies listed and their contribution to the main stock market in Japanese, Korean, Hong Kong and Singapore markets during the period of 20002018. We find that the host markets have a positive response to volatility effects of foreign companies, more specifically, the increase of the foreign company volatility will cause the increase of the host market volatility. Results show that volatility of foreign companies from mature markets did not cause more volatility in host markets. Interestingly, foreign companies from emerging markets will bring stronger volatility spillover to host markets.
Study and application of a new method for predicting the production of low rank CBM wells
Authors: Liu Lingli , Cui Zehong , Wang Jianjun , Xia Zhaohui , Peng Xianqiang
Published: September 2020

Due to many factors affecting the production of low rank coalbed methane (CBM), it is difficult to predict the productivity. The difference of production ramp-up period is large, the fitting of peak production and peak date is difficult, and the efficiency of existing production prediction methods is limited. Based on the characteristics of typical curves of CBM, a new method is established in this paper. Based on the previous accurate history match of reservoir simulation and analysis of the characteristics of typical curves of production index, water gas ratio, pressure and cumulative water production of typical wells, a rate-cumulative water-method (RCM) mathematical model is established by using non-linear fitting method. The mathematical model is determined by historical fitting. The model parameters can predict the output of CBM quickly and accurately, and provide the production prediction data for the scheme formulation and field decision-making. Compared with other prediction methods, RCM improves the history fitting through correlation analysis, improves the reliability of prediction results. It can predict gas well production in both production ramp-up and declining periods. It does not need to update the reservoir model and is less time-consuming. So it is particularly suitable for predicting the production for a large number of wells in a short time. By comparing the production history of CBM wells in “A” block, the accuracy of RCM prediction result is verified.
Entire functions of two classes of nonlinear difference equations
Authors: Xu Junfeng , Rong Jianxun
Published: September 2020

In this paper, we find the entire solutions of two classes of nonlinear difference equations when the solution is an exponential polynomial by using the new obtained Clunie Lemma. Some examples are given to show the existence of the solutions.
Team cooperation research based on complex network method
Authors: Wang Junxiao , Fan Long , Wang Zhaoyang
Published: September 2020

Football is one of the sports that can reflect the importance of teamwork. The passing on the football field can be regarded as a closely connected network. This paper takes Everton as the research object, and a passing network is set up with players as nodes. Based on the method of complex network, this paper summarizes the tactical style of the team from the perspective of the whole season. At the same time, this paper selects two representative games and analyzes them dynamically according to minutes, and finds out the problem that the team does not implement the passing tactics in place. In addition, this paper constructs node performance evaluation indicator system, from three aspects of attack, transmission and defense, using AHP to determine the weight, in order to evaluate player’s personal ability. According to the network model and performance evaluation system, we give some suggestions from the formation, tactics and players. The 4-2-3-1 formation get the highest evaluation. The tactics of passing and defending counterattack should be designed. In addition, the Everton is necessary to introduce some midfields and left defenders.
Dynamics of an infection-age model with staged-progression
Authors: Zhang Suxia , Li Fei , Xu Xiaxia
Published: September 2020

We introduce and analyze an age-structured model with staged-progression. The results reveal that the disease-free equilibrium is globally stable if the basic reproductive number R0
< 1, and the disease is uniformly persistent for R0>1. Numerical simulations are performed based on hepatitis C, illustrating the effects of infection age on dynamical process.
Study on comparison of the advantages of different soybean producing areas in China from a temporal and spatial perspective
Authors: Wang Yu , Xu Shiwei , Li Ganqiong , Wang Shengwei
Published: September 2020

As one of the important oil crops in China, soybean plays a significant place in the national food security system. This article analyzes the comparative advantages of soybean producing areas in China and further divides the advantage of soybean production into the advantage of scale and the advantage of efficiency. In addition, it adopts the advantage index to objectively describe the advantageous areas of soybean production and the comparison of scale advantage and efficiency advantage in these areas since 1978. Through the research, the article obtains the following findings: (1) Since the Reform and Opening Up, scale advantage has still been the determinant to the soybean production advantages of an area. While soybean production has been even more concentrated in soybean producing areas of Heilongjiang and Inner Mongolia, the efficiency advantage index in these two provinces has not been improved in the same pace. (2) The status of efficiency advantage has been constantly rising in other producing areas with the most comparative advantage (other than Heilongjiang and Inner Mongolia) and those with the least comparative advantage. The disadvantageous producing areas have gradually bettered the suitability of soybean production through breeding of fine varieties and high-quality cultivation. (3) The disadvantageous soybean producing areas can become the advantageous areas of soybean production depending on efficiency advantage, and the soybean producing areas with scale advantage can further improve their efficiency of soybean planting. This research provides a scientific reference for the regional deployment of soybean planting in China as well as a scientific basis for policy making.
Chi-square analysis of people’s knowledge of balanced diet and aerobic exercise at different stages of type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Hu Ziquan , Xiong Yufang , Peng Zhiwei
Published: September 2020

Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) die every eight seconds in the world. T2DM is still not eradicated at home and abroad at present, thus “just control”. A balanced diet and aerobic exercise (intervention treatment) can reduce risk factors and the incidence of diabetes and diabetic complications, which prevents or delays the onset and progression. The survey of people’s knowledge of balanced diet and aerobic exercise has been conducted in Luzhou, Neijiang, Nanchong and Ziyang of Sichuan province and Tongren of Guizhou province from June to September 2019. A total of 865 subjects’ questionnaires have been collected. Taking prediabetes as baseline, people’s knowledge difference of balanced diet and aerobic exercise is compared forwards in low- or high-risk stage and backwards in the diabetes stage and diabetic complication stage through Pearson χ
2 test and the correlation coefficient Cramer’s V and Φ. The knowledge difference in prediabetes and high-risk (χ2=4.2996, p=0.0224, Cramer’s Φ=0.1038) is statistically significant, and the difference in prediabetes and diabetic complications (χ2=231.5272, p< 0.0000001, Cramer’s Φ=0.5905) is also statistically significant. Knowledge of balanced diet and aerobic exercise at prediabetes stage is significantly higher than that in high-risk and that in diabetic complications. Doctors, nurses and researchers should use the Internet and door-to-door to educate people about the importance of balanced diet and aerobic exercise during prediabetes and diabetic complications in T2DM.
Analysis on the influencing factors of China’s tourism economy from the perspective of aging and tourism culture
Authors: Zhang Hui
Published: September 2020

The empirical analysis of this paper focuses on two issues, one is the impact of China’s aging process on China’s domestic tourism economy, and to what extent; the other is how to define and measure the impact of tourism culture on tourism economy. This research takes the domestic tourism revenue as the dependent variable and takes the elderly dependency ratio as the indepedent variable. In the modelling process, “external conditions” and “internal desires” are introduced as control variables and regarded as the software and hardware parts of tourism culture respectively. The time dummy variable is used to catch outliers and structural abrupt changes. Furthermore, quantile regression is carried out for the selected models. Based on ADL model and quantile regression, this paper analyzed the influence of aging and tourism culture on the development of China’s tourism economy and its changing trend.
A generalized model for social collaboration networks
Authors: Deng Chunhui , Liu Jing , Deng Huifang
Published: September 2020

In this paper, we constructed a three-parameter general social collaboration network model (GCNM) using both similarity-based strategy and copying-based strategy. In this model, a connection can be introduced between two nodes if they are similar in attributes or similar in structure (i.e., have many common friends). This model can match various types of real-world social networks by just choosing different values for three parameters, and therefore, can reproduce observed real network characteristics. Particularly, three widely studied models (similarity-based, copying-based, and pure preferential attachment (PA)) are only the special cases of this new model. Specifically, this new model possesses following new characteristics which existing models have difficulty to fulfill in all: 1) it not only exhibits the high average clustering coefficient, but also the high global clustering coefficient and explicit community structure (great number of triangles); 2) it not only makes the connections between the new node and existing nodes, but also between existing nodes; and 3) it has not only linear, but also non-linear relationship between the linking probability and the degree (the connectivity of nodes). Numerical results, which are in good agreement with real-world datasets from different fields, demonstrated all of these.
Tunable and precise two-bunch generation at FLASHForward
Authors: Schröder S , Ludwig K , Aschikhin A , D’Arcy R , Dinter M , Gonzalez P , Karstensen S , Knetsch A , Libov V , Lindstrøm C A , Marutzky F , Niknejadi P , Rahali A , Schaper L , Schleiermacher A , Schmidt B , Thiele S , Wagner A de Zubiaurre , Wesch S , Osterhoff J
Published: September 2020

Beam-driven plasma-wakefield acceleration based on external injection has the potential to significantly reduce the size of future accelerators. Stability and quality of the acceleration process substantially depends on the incoming bunch parameters. Precise control of the current profile is essential for optimising energy-transfer efficiency and preserving energy spread. At the FLASHForward facility, driver-witness bunch pairs of adjustable bunch length and separation are generated by a set of collimators in a dispersive section, which enables fs-level control of the longitudinal bunch profile. The design of the collimator apparatus and its commissioning is presented.
Angstrom wavelength FEL driven by 5 GeV LWFA beam with external injection
Authors: Rossi A R , Petrillo V , Bacci A , Chiadroni E , Cianchi A , Ferrario M , Giribono A , Conti M Rossetti , Serafini L , Vaccarezza C
Published: September 2020

We report on simulation results relevant both for EuPRAXIA@SPARC LAB [1] and EuPRAXIA [2] showing how to boost a high brightness electron bunch, delivered by a conventional accelerator at 500 MeV, up to 5 GeV and more by external injection in a laser driven plasma wave. Beam slice quality is preserved along acceleration and the bunch is shown to be able to drive a Free Electron Laser at 1 Å wavelength. We also show two methods to evaluate global bunch parameters, one for energy spread, the other for emittance, allowing to exclude particles in halos and tails in a consistent way. Both methods are easily implemented in computational codes, are statistically robust and failure free.
Setup and Characteristics of a Timing Reference Signal with sub-ps Accuracy for AWAKE
Authors: Batsch Fabian
Published: September 2020

We describe a method to overcome the triggering jitter of a streak camera to obtain less noisy images of a self-modulated proton bunch over long time scales (~ 400 ps to ns) with the time resolution (~ 1 ps) of the short time scale images (73 ps). We also determine that this method, using a reference laser pulse with a variable delay, leads to the determination of the time delay between the ionizing laser pulse and the reference pulse with an error of 0.6 ps (rms).
Geometric optimization study for a Dielectric Laser Accelerator
Authors: Yadav Gyanendra , Resta-López Javier , Welsch Carsten , Xia Guoxing
Published: September 2020

The quest to realize a particle accelerator on a chip has led to the emergence of dielectric laser accelerators (DLAs). DLAs have the capability for sustaining accelerating gradients in the GV/m regime using grating-shaped dielectric microstructures. The geometry of these microstructures is one of the decisive features affecting the accelerating gradient and energy gain. Here we present an optimization study comparing the performance of different geometrical configurations of dielectric microstructures through particle in cell (PIC) simulations, for both non-relativistic and relativistic regimes. Assuming electron beams with energies of 28 keV and 1 MeV, excited by a laser with a wavelength of 2 ¼m, pulse length of 100 fs and electric field of 1.5 GV/m, we show that even when grating parameters are the same, the design of the shape/structure plays a crucial role in the enhancement of energy gain and efficiency.