bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Detection of single and multiple pregnancy depending on placentomes measurement in Shami goats in Iraq by Ultrasonography
Authors: Hussein Khawla A.
Published: July 2020

The aims of present study were designed to determine the relationship between fetal number single or twin and placentome measurement by real time Ultrasonography at different stage of pregnancy. Twenty mature female of shami goats were synchronized  for estrus with vaginal sponges impregnated with 60 mg of medroxey progesterone acetate (MAP) (Esponja-vet – spanin) under strict  hygienic conditions, the sponges were inserted by applicator for 14 days, following  by eCG (Folligon) intra muscularly injection each female goats (doe) received  500 IU Folligon. At the time of sponges withdrawl, estrus detection was done and each doe expressed estrus sings serviced naturally by buck proven fertility to obtain pregnancy. Result showed 100% of female express estrus after synchronized Ultrasound examination was performed by trans-rectally with linear probe (7.5 and 5 MHz) in early stage of pregnancy and using sector probe (3.5MHz) to trans-abdominal examination, the examination of animal started done from day 30 to 100 post mating  every 5 day. The placentome was observed at first time of pregnancy at day 30 by using trans rectal examination with liner probe as an echo-genic parts on the surface of endometerium. The study showed a significant effect (P≤0.05) in placentome growth and gestation age. The placentome diameter reached maximum size at days 91-100 and was 34.76 ± 0.41mm. Also the present study showed no significant differences between placentome diameter in single and twin pregnant doe at (P≤0.05). The average of placentome size in single and twin was respectively, 7.72 ±0.46 mm and 8.42±0.34 mm at day 30-41 of gestation, the measurements reached high value (34.76 ± 0.41 mm) at day 91-100 of pregnancy. In conclusion the detection of gestation age in Shami goats according to placentome measurement was not a reliable method after day 90-100 of gestation. Also the placentome diameter measurement is not a practical method for diagnosing fetal number (single, twin) in pregnant Shami does.
Bacteriological and molecular study of Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains isolated from different clinical cases in Erbil and Kurkuk
Authors: Abdul Razzaq Asif Hasan
Published: July 2020

This study included isolates of bacteria from 125 clinical samples in Erbil and Kirkuk Hospital including (burns, wounds, urine and sputum); 38 isolates were identified as P. aeruginosa after conducting microscopic and biochemical tests. The results of antibiotic sensitivity test showed that all isolates of P. aeruginosa  were different in resistance to Pipracillin, Erythromycin with rate of (100%) and to the Nalidixic acid (94.73%) while the lowest resistant antibiotics were to Co-trimoxazole, Ceftazidime and Ciprofloxacin, which amounted to (26.31%, 23.68 and 21.05%) respectively. For molecular diagnosis of P. aeruginosa some virulence genes the alg D and exo A were amplified through Polymerase Chain Reaction technique. The results showed that in 38 isolates cases only 22 (57.9%) were positive for algD gene by amplification of 520 bp band. While in urinary tract infection; 6 samples (60%) had alg D gene, and 8 (57.14%) isolates had alg D gene in wounds samples; also 7(70%) isolates from burns had that gene, while the sputum samples showed only one with alg D gene which was the lowest ratio; but in amplification of exo A, the results showed the presence of only one isolate from burns with molecular weight 396 bp with no appearance in others.
Estimation of Aflatoxin M1 Levels in Some Dairy Products Manufactured from Raw Milk Experimentally Inoculated with Toxin
Authors: Alnaemi H. S.
Published: July 2020

Fate of AflatoxinM1 in soft white cheese and its by-product (whey) and in yogurt locally made from raw sheep's and goat's milk experimentally inoculated with 0.05 and 0.5 µg/l AflatoxinM1 were investigated using ELISA technique. Results reported that AflatoxinM1 was concentrated in cheese at levels significantly higher than that recorded in the raw milk that used for its processing, with a significant decrease in AflatoxinM1 levels in its by-product (whey) comparable to the raw milk used in manufacturing at both inoculated levels. Yogurt produced from raw sheep's milk at second inoculated level exerted AflatoxinM1concentration significantly lower than that present in the milk. Significant differences in AflatoxinM1distribution in cheese and whey produced from sheep's milk comparable to their counterparts produced from goat's milk were recorded. Finally, results revealed the efficacious role of the various dairy manufacturing processes in AflatoxinM1 distribution and the necessity to issue of local legislations concerning the maximum permissible limits for AflatoxinM1 in milk in order to stay within the universal permissible levels for AflatoxinM1 in dairy products to provide greater protection for consumer health.
Immunehistochemical and Histomorphological Study of Postnatal Development of the cecal tonsils in Turkey (Meleagris Gallopavo )
Authors: Reshag Ali. F.
Published: July 2020

Forty normal turkeys divided into four age groups:1 week, 1 month, 2 months and 7 months. The cecal tonsils were separated and prepared for histological and Immunohistochemical studies. At 1 week old the tonsil appear as lymphoid aggregation of the lamina propria  submucosa around central fossula. No septae among follicles, no germinal centers observed. At 1 month old the cecal portion which included the tonsil easily separated from other parts due to an increase cecal wall diameter was increased. The tonsil composed of a lot of tonsil crypts. The tissue septae among the crypts observed. At 2 and 7 months old the tonsils bulging from the internal surface of cecum toward the lumen as a rough large mass white to pink in color, germinal centers were present in the lymphoid follicles, the cecal tonsil diameter is increase with ages. The lymphocytes diameter is increasing with age also the internal surface of tonsil was lined with simple columnar epithelium (intestinal mucosa). The dimensions of cecal tonsils and lymphocytes measurements and tonsil mucosa are significantly increase with age. (CD268) antibody revealed presence of mature B lymphocytes within the parenchyma of bursa at two and seven month’s old turkey. CD8 no expressed at the first month age while different degrees of expression appeared at the other ages.
Molecular surveillance and phylogenetic analysis of Theileria annulata in bovine at Baghdad city/ Iraq
Authors: Kawan May Hameed
Published: July 2020

This study is conducted to investigate Theileria spp. by traditional and molecular methods. A total of 150 blood and 50 lymph samples were collected from local breed symptomatically and asymptomatically cattle of both sexes with age ranging from less than 6 months to more than 1 year during the four seasons of 2018, in different parts at Baghdad city / Iraq. Microscopic examination of Giemsa stained blood smears revealed 39.33 %( 59/150) rate of infection with bovine theileriosis and 34 %( 17/50) positive lymph smears. Statistically no significant difference recorded between female and male: 42.04 % (37/88) and 35.48 % (22/62) respectively. Higher rate of infection 57.97 % (40/69) were recorded in more than 1 year age and 0 % in less than 6 months. 48.93 % (23/47) rate of bovine theileriosis was recorded during summer and 39.53 % (17/43) ; 37.5 % (15/40) rates were recorded during spring and autumn respectively, while the lower rate recorded in winter 20 % (4/20). DNA extraction and polymerase chain reaction (conventional PCR) were done on all cattle blood samples the result recorded that 22 out of 25 samples were positive for Theileria spp and Theileria annulata with percentage of 88 %. Also DNA sequencing analysis and genetic relationship were conducted by phylogenetic analysis.
Neurotoxic and Teratogenic Effects of Enrofloxacin Against Newly Hatched Chicks Subjected to Omphalitis.
Authors: Abdulhamza Nibras Naeb
Published: July 2020

This study was aimed to investigate any possible neurotoxic signs and teratogenic anomalies that may result from pre incubation dipping of fertile eggs in Enrofloxacin concentrations as a preventive measurement against omphalitis. E. Coli sensitivity against Enrofloxacin was examined in a dose dependent manner by using 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 µg/ml. Forty two non-infected newly hatched chicks at age of 5-7 days were divided into six groups of seven chicks each, subjected to behavioral tests namely; Open Field Test and Tonic Immobility Test. For Open Field Test results showed that the lowest latency period was recorded significantly in chicks whose eggs dipped in 10µg/ml of Enrofloxacin (6±0.78 sec.) in comparison to control group (32.43±1.52 sec.) while the highest latency period was recorded insignificantly in chicks whose eggs dipped in 2µg/ of Enrofloxacin (29±1.61 sec.). The highest number of lines crossed by both feet was recorded significantly in chicks whose eggs dipped in 10µg/ml of Enrofloxacin (31.43 ±2.7) in comparison to control group (12.43 ±1.02) while the lowest number of lines crossed by both feet was recorded insignificantly in chicks whose eggs dipped in 2µg/ml of Enrofloxacin (14 ±1.87). The highest number of jumps was recorded significantly in chicks whose eggs dipped in 10µg/ml of Enrofloxacin (8.85 ±0.3) in comparison to control group (1.14 ±1.0) while the lowest number of jumps was recorded insignificantly in chicks whose eggs dipped in 2µg/ml of Enrofloxacin (2 ±0.17). The highest number of defecation times was recorded significantly in chicks whose eggs dipped in 10µg/ml of Enrofloxacin (1.6 ±0.23) in comparison to control group (0.86 ±0.26) while the number of defecation times were insignificant in the rest of groups. Both of call and backing times in all groups were insignificant in comparing with control group.  Results for Tonic Immobility Test showed that shortest time needed by the chick to upright itself and stand unaided was recorded significantly in chicks whose eggs dipped in 10µg/ml of Enrofloxacin (1 sec. ±0.1) in comparing with control group (2 sec. ±0.11) while the longest time needed by the chick to upright itself and stand unaided was recorded insignificantly in chicks whose eggs dipped in 2µg/ml of Enrofloxacin (1.8 sec. ±0.1). Pre-incubation dipping of fertile eggs in Enrofloxacin concentrations showed insignificant changes in body weight, body length, leg length, wing length and beaker length. We concluded that using low concentrations of of Enrofloxacin and Ciprofloxacin to dip eggs in has resulted in minimized neurotoxic and teratotgenic effects.
Isolation and Identification of Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhimurium from Sheep in Baghdad city
Authors: Hanoun Alaa Taha Taha , Al-Samrraae Ikram Abbas Aboud
Published: July 2020

One hundred fifty fecal samples of sheep were collected from September, 2017-March, 2018 in Baghdad city areas (Abu-Grab zone, Dora zone, Saydyia zone, Arab jbure zone, Al-Usfia zone, Al-Fudhalia zone and College Veterinary medicine –University of Baghdad). Samples were cultured on MacConkey and Eosine Methylene Blue agar for E.coli isolation, Xylose Lysine Deoxycholate and Salmonella –Shigella agar for S. typhimurium isolation. Results showed high percent (78.57%) of infection in female of E.coli than 68.42% in Salmonella typhimurium. E.coli was recovered with an infection rate 93.33% in Al-Fudhalia area, and S. typhimurium with an infection rate 12.66% in Arab Jbur. Also, the results showed an infection rate of E.coli 78.75% (110/140) and 21.43% (30/140), and  S. typhimurium was recovered in 68.42% (13/19) and 31.58% (6/19) in females and males respectively .
immunopathological study of the fungus cryptococcus neoformans in mice
Authors: Mahmood F. A .
Published: July 2020

The study aimed to investigate the effect of cryptococcal sonicated antigen and chitosan on the infection with this fungus which isolated from human skin lesions. Isolate of Cryptococcus neoformans was used to prepare the sonicated antigen, also 60 white mice from both sexes, at average age 8-10 weeks were getted and divided randomly into 4 groups equally and treated as following: First group: fifteen mice were immunized with 0.5ml of whole sonicated  Ags(Wsc Ag) (protein concentration14mg/ml) subcutaneous two doses, one week interval.Second group: fifteen mice were fed diet supplemented with chitosan 1g/kg diet for 6 weeks.Third group: Mice were immunized as 1st group and at the same time fed diet supplemented with chitosan as 2nd group. Fourth group: Mice, which seted as control positive group.

At day 28-30 post-immunization, delayed hypersensitivity  and  indirect  passive  haemagglutination  tests  were done, then 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 4th groups were administrated  intraperitoneally with  0.3 ml of fungal suspension containing 1X107 fungal cells, all animals were sacrificed at day 30 post-infection. The results showed that the immunized animals and fed diet containing chitosan had values of delayed hypersensitivity test(1.99±0.02 at 24hours and 2.11±0.03 at 48 hours)and value of antibodies(160±29.6) higher than that of immunized animals only(1.75±0.03 at 24 hours and 1.81±0.03 at 48 hours)and value of antibodies(136±28.2).The immunized animals with whole sonicated cryptococcal antigens (1st group) expressed high values of delayed type hypersensitivity and high levels of Abs titer, as well as the chitosan stimulate the immune system in the second group and the best results of immunization were getted in the third group while all animals of control positive(fourth group)  were died at  the first week post-infection.

The current study showed that all the non-immunized and infected animals of the fourth group  were died during the first  2 weeks post-infection with severe fungal cells isolated from internal organs  and severe  suppurative  inflammatory  reaction in the examined organs  during early stage of infection  with granulomatous lesions appear at day 14 post-infection while no mortality  rate was seen in animal fed diet supplement with chitosan  with or without immunization(2nd and 3rd groups)  moderate fungal isolation and granulomatous lesions were recorded in the examined organs of  animals sacrificed at day 30 post-infection while  the immunized animals and fed diet containing chitosan showed that there is no fungal isolation and nor fungal cells in the histological sections with few histological degeneration  and small granulomatous lesions and sometimes absence of them in the examined organs. It concluded that cryptococcal sonicated antigen and chitosan have important role in protective immunity against C.neoformans infection.
Epidemiological, Clinical and Laboratory study of Canine Dermatophytosis in Baghdad Governorate, Iraq
Authors: Minnat Tareq Rifaaht
Published: July 2020

The aim of the present study was to isolate and identify of  the pathogenic fungi of canine dermatophytosis in Baghdad governorate Iraq, also study the epidemiology and describe the clinical signs of dermatophytosis, from January  2018 till December 2018. Out of 653 dogs 165 (25.3%) were with dermatomycoses and 103 (62.42%) dogs with dermatophytosis. The mycological diagnosis were conducted by direct microscopy and by culture the specimens on each sabouraud dextrose agar supplemented with chloramphenicol and cyclohxemide and dermatophytes test media.  The identified dermatophytes were represented Microsporum sp.(80.6%) appeared Microsporum canis (87.9%); M. audounii (8.4% );M. gypseum (3. 6 %) and Trichophyton spp (19.4%) in which divided between Trichophyton ruburum  (60.0 %) and T. terrestre (40.0%). Microsporum canis and Trichophyton ruburum were the most common species isolated (87.9%),(60.0 %) respectively. The overall prevalence of dermatomycosis and dermatophytosis from various parts region of Baghdad city were Al Karkh district (32.0%), (64.6%) and Al Rusafa district (22.4%), (60.4%) respectively. Moreover, a higher percentage of infection in young age 55 of 84 (65.47%) and lower infection in old age 8 of 18 (44.44%) with significant difference at P< 0.05. The effect of breeds on the prevalence of canine mycosis show high percentage of infection in German shepherd dog (47.96%) and lower infection in Bulldog breed (10.63%) as well as, high prevalence of dermatophytosis recorded in Rottweiler (100%), Pomeranian (83.3%) and lower prevalence (40.0 %) in each of Boxer and local dog breed. The relation of hair coat showed significantly high percentage of infection in long hair dogs (69.0%) than short hair coat (48.0%). There were no significant difference between the sex and habitat but, recorded a high (%) in shelters habitat (67.19%) and low (%) in plantation habitat (56.25%). The prevalence of infection was showed no signficantly high percentage of infection in cold climate winter (67.74%) in which low temperature and high humidity while low percentage of infection in dry climate autumn (44.4%). In addition the effect of season on the prevalence of dermatophytosis recognized by a higher (%) of infection in cold weather, winter (67.74%) and lower infection in dry weather, autumn (50.0%). Other dermatomycosis isolated were Chrysosporium Nannizziopsis dermatitidis (9.1%); Malassezia pacydermatis (7.9 %) and saprobe fungi from domestic dogs represented by  Alternaria alternate (21.4%); Aspergillus spp  (60.7%); Aspergillus flavus  (25.9%); Aspergillus fumigatus  (28.2%); Aspergillus niger  (23.5 %);  Aspergillus nidulans  (22.4 %); Penicillium sp. (4.3%); Curvularia sp  (3.6%) and  Rhizopus sp  (2.1%).
Biosynthesis, Characterization and Bioactivity of Selenium Nanoparticles Synthesized by Propolis
Authors: Wali Ahmed Thamer
Published: July 2020

Biosynthesis of selenium nanoparticles is safe, inexpensive, eco-friendly, non-toxic materials, furthermore, is more stable due to natural coating of the organic molecules and do not aggregate with time, here by the present study designed to investigate the bioactivity and safety  of a new  biogenic Selenium- nanoparticles using synthesized by propolis. To evaluate biogenic Selenium-nanoparticles, 27 adult rats were divided in to 3 groups: first group consider as control(C), seconed group (T1) received inorganic selenium by orally administration in a dosage of 100μg /kg BW third group (T2) received Selenium nanoparticles orally in a dosage 100μg /kg BW for 4 weeks. Body weight, food intake, blood Selenium binding protein, Catalase, and liver enzymes Aspartate Amino Transferase and Alanin Amino transferase  were evaluated two weeks interval. Results showed that body weight and food intake were elevated significantly during the experiment periods. Rats had selenium nanoparticles showed significant increase in Selenium binding protein  and Catalase correlated with normal values of liver enzymes. It can be concluded that the new propolis mediated Selenium- nanoparticles improve the availability of the Selenium to its binding proteins that limit its toxicity when compare with inorganic selenite.
Prevalence of Buxtonella sulcata in Sheep and Supplied drinking water
Authors: Makawi Zainab A.
Published: July 2020

Buxtonella sulcata  multiplication in lumen of the intestinal tract lead to Diarrhea. A total of 120 sheep faecal samples were collected (23 males and 97 females) with ages ranged from less than 1 year to 3 years. Also, 11 sheep drinking (river) water from Al-Suwaira city, Wasit governorate, for the period extended from September 2015 to the end February 2016. Laboratory methods used were direct wet film and iodine and Giemsa staining to detect the cysts and trophozoite of the parasite . Results recorded  (30.83%) infection rate of Buxtonella sulcate in sheep, while the contamination rate of water (45.45%). Females are infected more than males which reach (35.13%) (13.04%) respectively. The highest infection rate (44.00%) showed in age group 2-3 years, while, the lowest (21.42%) found in age group (˃ 2). %), with significant difference (p<0.05) between ages and genus. Our conclusion is contamination of water acts as a good sourse for the spread of infection with Buxtonella sulcate .
Hormonal Assay for Estimation of Progesterone Levels in Normally and Induced Estrus Bitches
Authors: Nawaf SaifAldeen Abd-Alhadi
Published: July 2020

The present study was conducted to measure the concentration of progesterone throughout gestation and parturition in control and treated bitches. Thirty anestrus bitches aged 3-6 years and weighting 19.5-26 kg were used in this study. The bitches were divided equally into three groups as follows: the 1st group as a control group  without treatment, the 2nd group as a treated group anestrus bitches treated orally with 0.125 mg/kg BW bromocriptine (Parlodel) twice daily, and the 3rd group treated orally by 0.012 mg/kg BW cabergoline (Dostinex) until appearance of estrus signs. The results showed that the number of responded animals were in proestrus bleeding and became pregnant and new born 70%, 60% and 50% for control, bromocriptine, and cabergoline treated groups, respectively. In addition, there were no significant differences (P≤0.01) in progesterone concentration between the control and treated pregnant bitches. It can be concluded that both medicines bromocriptine and cabergoline have no effect on progesterone levels during pregnancy period in bitches.
Green Synthesis of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles from (Punica granatum L) Pomegranate Aqueous Peel Extract
Authors: Husain Wassan Mhammed , Araak Jawad K. , Ibrahim Orooba M.S.
Published: July 2020

The biosynthesis of Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONPs) was done under alkaline conditions (pH 12) and temperature ≥ 80 ◦C. Mixing 10% of aqueous pomegranate peel extract (PPE) with 0.1 molar of zinc nitrate [Zn (NO3)2.6H2O], mixture was stirred at 70-80 ◦C for 15 minute and then left at room temperature overnight. The result was separated and centrifuged at 4000 rpm for 10 minutes. This process was repeated three times then the precipitate was collected and dried for using. ZnONPs were characterized by visual observation of color changes, estimate duration of synthesis compared to weight of  ZnONPs was the result, UV-visible analysis, Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR),  X- ray diffraction (XRD) and Scanning electron microscope (SEM). The results of this line, investigate the proper condition for ZnONPs synthesis. Result of FT-IR showed functional group related to Zn-O at (613.38 to 580.59 cm_1), whereas the result of X-RD at 2 theta diagnose the type of oxide formation as ZnO and determined particle size were found in range (20 - 30 nm). Finally, SEM image was shown crystals shape of ZnO nanoparticles. In conclusion, PPE acts as reducing agent used in synthesis of ZnO in Nano-scale size via easy and simple method.
Contribution of Livestock Production to Global Greenhouse Gas Emission and Mitigation Strategies
Authors: Musa Ahmedin Abdurehman
Published: July 2020

Understanding the interaction of livestock production and climate change is currently the main issue in global warming. This paper reviews the contribution of livestock production in greenhouse gas emission and its mitigation strategies. The potential contribution of individual large ruminants are 200-500 litters of methane per day while small ruminants produces 20-40 litters of methane per day. The major greenhouse gas related to livestock production are methane and nitrous oxide which contribute approximately about 14.5% global GHG emissions. Limiting emissions from livestock, without compromising food security, is an important limit greenhouse gas emissions. The main choices for reducing greenhouse gas emission in livestock production are more related to improving animal production. Mitigating emission of CH4 by means of improved management of biogas and manure, reducing CH4 emission from enteric fermentation through improved efficiency and diet, husbandry as well as genetic management are some of strategies used in mitigating enteric emission of methane from livestock. The other one is mitigating emission of nitrous oxide through more efficient use of nitrous fertilizer, proper manure management and by using different feed additives.
Rancang Bangun Smart Dispenser Untuk Penyandang Tunanetra Menggunakan Pola Pengenalan Suara (Voice Recognition) Dengan Algoritma Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) Dan Autocorrelation
Authors: Mawardi Asrori Firman , Ubaidillah Ahmad , Wibisono Kunto Aji
Published: July 2020

Tunanetra merupakan kondisi dimana indra penglihatan manusia sudah tidak lagi berfungsi secara normal, dapat diklasifikasikan menjadi dua kategori besar, yaitu buta total (totally blind) dan yang masih mempunyai sisa penglihatan (Low Vision). Dengan hilangnya fungsi penglihatan dari seseorang, maka penyandang tunanetra tersebut harus memaksimalkan indra yang lain, baik indra perasa, penciuman, maupun pendengaran agar penyandang tunanetra mampu melakukan segala sesuatu secara mandiri. Terlebih dalam kegiatan mengambil air minum. Dispenser merupakan sebuah perangkat elektronik pengolah air dalam galon agar dapat diminum baik panas ataupun dingin dengan cara manual. Dengan alasan tersebut, tercetuslah ide untuk membuat suatu sistem dispenser otomatis. Dalam penyusunan skripsi ini telah direalisasikan sebuah dispenser otomatis untuk mempermudah penyandang disabilitas dalam mengambil air minum. Dispenser otomatis ini menggunakan voice recognition sebagai starting sistem dengan perintah suara yang ditangkap oleh microphone ke pc dan file akan disimpan dalam format.wav. Terdapat beberapa teknik untuk pengenalan pola suara yang baik, seperti penggunaan pada metode VAD (Voice Activity Detection) dan FFT (Fast Fourier Transform) kemudian dicocokan oleh metode Autocorrelation dan akan masuk dalam pengambilan keputusan. Dari penelitian ini didapatkan tingkat akurasi sistem pengolahan suara tersebut yakni 68.89%.
Partisipasi Masyarakat Dalam Pelaksanaan Musrenbang Di Kabupaten Subang
Authors: Henri Iwan
Published: July 2020

Musrenbang merupakan ‘forum musyawarah’ dapat dimaknai sebagai ruang dan kesempatan interaksi warga negara untuk merembukkan sesuatu secara partisipatif, berakhir pada pengambilan kesepakatan atau pengambilan keputusan bersama. Model konsultasi publik secara meluas pada level akar rumput semacam ini, secara teoritis dan empirik, merupakan cara yang efektif untuk mendorong rasa kepemilikan lokal dan memiliki dimensi demokrasi. Fenomena yang dihadapi saat ini dalam proses Musrenbang sangat kompleks dan dinamis. Strategi Musrenbang masih belum kuat dalam menyelesaikan permasalahan-permasalahan di akar rumput, diantaranya menyangkut masalah Sumber Daya Manusia (SDM), hasil Musrenbang belum menunjukkan konsistensi,dan lain-lain. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan bentuk eksplanasi (explanatory atau confirmatory research) yang bersifat penelitian penjelasan. Konsepsi yang dikaji dalam penelitian ini tentang faktor-faktor penentu partisipasi mulai dari pembuatan, penerapan keputusan, partisipasi dalam pencapaian hasil, serta evaluasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa partisipasi masyarakat dalam pelaksanaan Musrenbang di Kabupaten Subang belum sepenuhnya optimal. Dimensi Evaluasi menjadikan faktor yang paling menentukan konstruk Partisipasi Musrenbang. Sementara itu faktor lain yang pengaruh lebih rendah antara Dimensi Menikmati Hasil, Dimensi Tahap pelaksanaan, dan Dimensi Tahap Pengambil Keputusan.
Ideological Manipulation in Interlingual Subtitling The Japanese-Italian Translation of anyūhāfuGenderlect in the MovieClose-Knitby Ogigami Naoko
Authors: Vitucci Francesco
Published: July 2020

This study focuses on the translation of the genderlect uttered by the transgender protagonist of the Japanese movie Close-Knit directed by Ogigami Naoko (2017) within the context of interlingual subtitling in the Japanese-Italian language pair. According to recent research in the field of AVT, gender translation may disclose important clues about the way identity-related issues are perceived in a source and in a target language. In particular, the rendition of ‘liquid’ genderlects challenges the belief that Japanese society is naturally divided into two sexes/genders and that there are two separate linguistic codes for female and male speakers. By utilizing a constructionist framework that treats gender as a complex and fluid cultural construct, this study intends to stress the importance of disentangling gender norms from dominant heterosexist discourses, and how sociocultural markers of the spoken language need effective transposition in subtitles. Especially, when gender issues emerging from Japanese movies must be translated for non-English speaking target audiences.
The Role of the Japanese Language in Venice A Multidisciplinary Perspective on Japanese Linguistic Landscape
Authors: Pani Laura
Published: July 2020

This paper focuses on the description and analysis of the Japanese linguistic landscape of the historic centre of Venice to understand the heterogeneous relationships among languages, its users and the involved urban context. After a brief theoretical introduction, the phase of fieldwork has been integrated with a more comprehensive qualitative approach, consisting of interviews conducted with both Japanese native speakers and Italian native speakers. This multilayered approach sheds light on the role that the Japanese language plays in creating and modifying the linguistic context of Venice, underlining its functions in relation to users’ attitude and linguistic behaviours.
Evaluation of best management practices with greenhouse gas benefits for salt-affected paddy soils in South Asia
Authors: Lokupitiya Erandathie , Agrawal Madhoolika , Ahamed Tofyel , Mustafa Naveed , Ahmed Bashir , Vathani Archana , Opatha Kaushala , Jaiswal Bhavna , Singh Suruchi , Seneviratne Gamini , Sirisena DN , Paustian Keith
Published: July 2020

Anthropogenic climate change has caused increased soil salinity in South Asia due to saltwater intrusion caused by sea level rise, input of fertilizers with high salt index, and irrigation malpractices, etc. Salinity has a multitude of impacts on plant and soil processes, leading to alterations in gas fluxes and rice productivity. The remedial measures adopted on salt-affected soils to reduce the salinity effect could enhance future climate change if they cause an increase in greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. This study was conducted to find the best agricultural management practices (BMPs) for salt-affected soils in rice cropping systems (i.e. the major cropping system in Asia) in four South Asian countries (Sri Lanka, India, Bangladesh and Pakistan) considering net GHG emissions and other socioeconomic benefits associated with the adopted measures. The salinity-affected sites were selected based on available information (e.g. agricultural statistics and maps). Site-level measurements on soil parameters and GHG emissions were made in control- and managed plots and farmer surveys were conducted. Although organic amendments ameliorated salinity, it could cause a net increase in carbon dioxide or methane emissions depending on the soil conditions, particularly during the initial stages. This impact could be ameliorated by combining organic amendments with other management practices. In the Indo-Gangetic region, poor soil drainage causing anaerobic conditions favoured nitrous oxide emission under low to medium salinity. Yield losses and emissions in high salinity sites were controlled through organic amendment, irrigation and rice-fallow cropping sequence. The combination of transplanting of rice seedlings, the addition of organic matter, and intermittent irrigated water levels was identified as the BMP for Sri Lankan farmers. The outcome of this project will be used to raise awareness among farmers and policymakers.
Water-energy-food nexus perspective: Pathway for Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) to country action in India
Authors: Mitra Bijon Kumer , Sharma Devesh , Kuyama Tetsuo , Pham Bao Ngoc , Islam G.M. Tarekul , Thao Pham Thi Mai
Published: July 2020

Water, energy and food securities lie at the heart of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Since these securities are interconnected, the business-as-usual approach (sectoral approach) cannot achieve them and need to apply the water-energy-food nexus approach for identifying and overcoming the roots of barriers and challenges. The study aims to prioritize interlinkages between SDG-2 (food security), SDG-6 (water security) and SDG-7 (energy security) for country action. In order to achieve this aim, the study implements a set of methods including stakeholder perception survey, network analysis, regression analysis and cross-sectorial group discussion. This article summarizes the outcomes of a case study in India. Stakeholders cognition derived through scrutinizing the perception survey admitted the need for a nexus approach in the action plans towards the SDGs. Quantitative assessment of interdependency showed that, of 182 interlinkages between SDG-2, SDG-6 and SDG-7 targets, 124 interlinkages had synergistic relation. The combined outcome of the cross-sectorial group discussion identified eight interlinkages as high priority (p>0.9) for immediate integrated planning and action. A total of ten interactions are moderate (p=0.6 to 0.9) and eight are low priority interlinkages (p<0.6). Solid understanding of synergies and trade-offs associated with SDG targets and initial prioritization of interlinkages would help India reorient its SDG priorities from a water-energy-food nexus perspective.
Manually Feed NPK Fertigation Improves Growth and Yield of Chili Pepper Hybrids in Ultisol
Authors: Herison Catur , Rustikawati Rustikawati , Hasanudin Hasanudin , Suharjo Usman K.J. , Handajaningsih Merakati , Nursalim Nursalim
Published: July 2020

Extending the planting area to a less-fertile soil, such as Ultisols, become inevitable choice to increase the national chili pepper production in Indonesia as this types of soil is the largest part of dry land of Indonesia, about 29.7% or around 51 million ha.  However, efforts to increase its productivity by providing sufficient fertilizers application is most frequently inefficient because in the conventional fertilizer applications, broadcasted fertilizer on the soil bed, are not readily available for the plant as their solubility is limited under the plastic mulch and still in the form of granular until the end of planting season.  Fertigation, therefore, maybe the answer for this problem.  The objective of this study was to determine the best NPK fertigation method on four chili pepper hybrids.  The experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block design with three replication, and the treatments were arranged in a split plot design.  As the main plots were NPK fertigation intensity, i.e. 100%, 75%, 50%, 25% and 0% fertigation with the remnant fertilizers were circularly broadcasted surrounding the plant.  As the subplots were chili pepper hybrids, i.e. ‘Maxima’, H39, H14, and ‘UNIB CHR17’.  The results showed that there was no interaction effect of fertigation intensity indicated that all hybrid genotypes showed similar pattern of responses.  The H39 hybrid had better vegetative growth compared to other hybrids in term of plant height, dichotomous height, stem diameter, number of branches, plant fresh-weight.  Whereas the hybrid cultivar ‘Maxima’ showed the highest yield followed by H14 and cultivar ‘UNIB CHR17’.  The 100% fertigation was the best method of NPK fertilizer application for chili pepper in Ultisols.keywowrd: fertigation, chili pepper, fertilizer application, acidic soil
ABO blood groups as determinants to patient outcomes in SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Robinson Jared , Banerjee Indrajit , Sathian Brijesh , Leclézio Alexandra , Roy Bedanta
Published: July 2020

Background: Blood group antigens are present on the red blood cell surface. O, A, and B are the major blood groups. A, B, AB, and A1 are the antigens. An ample amount of research supports the close association of blood groups with diseases. A new school of thought and finding seems to be indicating that certain blood groups are more susceptible to the COVID-19 infection in comparison to others. Current evidence suggests that SARS-CoV-2 positive cases are more prevalent in individuals with blood group A as compared to those with blood group O. This finding, however, was only relevant for the Rh (+ve) positive blood types. Genetic association reveals that the ABO blood group locus and a chromosome 3 gene cluster are associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome in coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) respiratory failure patents. This was found in an Italian- Spanish genome-wide association analysis. Various associations between the patients' blood groups when comparing the data with that of physiologically healthy individuals from the same geographical region helped to get a clear comparative picture. Associations that were cross-replicating in nature were determined at chromosome 3p21.31 and chromosome 9q34. The association at chromosome 9q34 was identified at the ABO blood group locus. The difference in the susceptibility could be correlated to the circulating anti‐A antibodies, which inhibit or interfere with the virus-cell adhesion process.

Conclusion: It is evident that the research conducted to date is supportive and does suggest that humans of the Blood group O are less likely to be infected in the COVID-19 pandemic as when compared to other blood groups. The SARS-CoV-2 situation is evolving rapidly, discoveries and anomalies are being reported daily. Therefore, it is advised that more definitive and consolidatory research is to be conducted to further elucidate the underlying mechanism of action for the protection in blood group O.
Gaya Kognitif Field Dependent Dan Tingkat Pemahaman Konsep Matematis Antara Pembelajaran Langsung Dan STAD
Authors: Wijaya Agung Putra
Published: July 2020

Penelitian korelasional ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah terdapat korelasi positif antara gaya kognitif field dependent dan tingkat pemahaman konsep matematis pada siswa yang dikenai model pembelajaran langsung dan STAD. Populasi penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswa kelas VIII SMP Negeri di Lampung Selatan. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan teknik cluster random sampling sehingga diperoleh dua kelas sampel penelitian. Metode tes diterapkan untuk mengumpulkan data. Instrumen penelitianini berupa GEFT dan tes pemahaman konsep matematis pada materi persamaan garis lurus. Berdasar pada hasil pengujian hipotesis, diperoleh simpulan bahwa (1) terdapat korelasi positif antara gaya kognitif field dependent dan tingkat pemahaman konsep matematis pada siswa yang dikenai model pembelajaran langsung dan (2) tidak terdapat korelasi positif antara gaya kognitif field dependent dan tingkat pemahaman konsep matematis pada siswa yang dikenai model pembelajaran STAD. Hasil ini berimplikasi bahwa model pembelajaran mempengaruhi tingkat pemahaman matematis siswa yang bergaya kognitif field dependent. Kata kunci:field dependent, pemahaman konsep, pembelajaran langsung, STAD
Judging an absence: Factors influencing attitudes towards asexuality
Authors: Thorpe Cassandra , Arbeau Kelly
Published: July 2020

We used social identity theory to examine predictors of antiasexual bias in a sample of 1297 adults (48.6% female, 43.2% male, 6.4% nonbinary/other, 0.6% questioning). Multiple regression analysis found that social dominance orientation, right wing authoritarianism, singlism, low relational closeness with asexual individuals, and sexual orientation were significant predictors of antiasexual bias. In support of social identity theory, and consistent with existing research on antiasexual bias, non-LGBTQ+ participants ( n = 576) scored higher on measures of antiasexual attitudes compared to nonasexual LGBTQ+ ( n = 569) and asexual individuals ( n = 143). Shared status as sexual minorities appears to provide common ground between asexuality and other LGBTQ+ identities.
EFEKTIVITAS MODEL PEMBELAJARAN PREDICT, OBSERVE, EXPLAIN (POE) PADA PEMBELAJARAN MATEMATIKA SISWA KELAS VII SMP NEGERI SELANGIT
Authors: Mitasari Dina , Adha Idul , Fitriyana Nur
Published: July 2020

This study aims to determine the effectiveness of the Predict, Observe, Explain (POE) learning model in mathematics learning for VII grade students of SMP Negeri Selangit. This research is in the form of quasi-experimental. The population is all grade VII students of SMP Negeri Selangit in the academic year 2019/2020, totaling 98 students and as a sample are class VII.3 students, amounting to 24 students. Data collection is done by test and non-test techniques. The collected data were analyzed using t-test at a significant level α = 0.05. Based on the results of the study showed the effectiveness of the Predict, Observe, Explain (POE) learning model in mathematics learning with an average score of 74.44 with the percentage of students completing 79.17% of students' responses to learning in the good category with a percentage of 72.44 %, and student learning activities in the quite active category with a percentage of 28.45%.
BIMBINGAN KELOMPOK MASYARAKAT DESA MENURAN KECAMATAN BAKI DALAM PEMBANGUNAN DAN PENGEMBANGAN POTENSI WISATA DI SUNGAI BAKI
Authors: Kurniawan Kurniawan , Anita Elvina Dwi , Nisa Syahna Utami
Published: July 2020

Program ini bertujuan untuk membantu masyarakat Desa Menuran dalam pembangunan dan pengembangan potensi wisata di sungai baki, Desa Menuran merupakan kelompok masyarakat yang mampu berinteraktsi dan bekerjasama dalam pemberdayaan potensi yang ada sehingga mampu membuat inovasi sebagai desa wisata, penggunaaan dan pemanfaatan lahan sebagai lokasi desa wisata di wilayah Kecamatan Baki, Kabupaten Sukoharjo perlu ditingkatkan. Masalah yang dihadapi masayarakat saat ini adalah masih kurangnya pelatihan pemanfaatan teknologi, perbaikan sarana dan prasarana di sekitar lokasi. Oleh karena itu perlu dilakukan pelatihan dan bimbingan kelompok dalam mengembangkan potensi wisata disungai Baki. Untuk mencapai tujuan ini metode yang digunakan adalah sosialisasi dan pelatihan serta perbaikan sarana dan prasarana dalam bentuk sarana sanitasi kesehatan dan pengadaan perahu wisata. Hasil dari kegiatan ini adalah terbentuknya Desa wisata sungai di Menuran, selain itu mitra juga memiliki  pengetahuan yang lebih dalam dunia wisata serta masyarakatnya semakin kreatif dalam pengelolaan potensi sungai sebagai objek wisata edukasi. Hasil dari kegiatan ini juga terbentuknya desa wisata sungai sehingga bisa dipergunakan sebagai income masyarakat dalam memenuhi kebutuhan hidupnya serta kepada masyarakat untuk senantiasa memelihara dan menjaga aliran sungai.
PELATIHAN PENULISAN CERPEN REMAJA PADA SISWA SMP NEGERI 8 KOTA TANGERANG SELATAN
Authors: Nur Adam Muhammad , Mubarok Yasir , Washadi Washadi , Risnawati Eris
Published: July 2020

Budaya literasi terhadap karya sastra pada saat sekarang ini perlu digalakan kembali. Mengingat beberapa program pemerintah yang menyisipkan beberapa pengajaran terkait literasi dikembangkan dan dilakukan di sekolah. Seperti beberapa gerakan literasi yang dicanangkan kemendikbud di sekolah untuk meningkatkan daya baca anak-anak khususnya di jenjang Sekolah Menengah Pertama (SMP) dan Sekolah Menengah Atas (SMA). Tetapi perlu diketahui juga bahwa budaya literasi itu tidak hanya berkutat pada membaca saja tetapi juga hadir pada bentuk kegiatan bahasa lain yakni menulis. Tidak dapat dipungkiri lagi bahwa seni menulis sangat penting. Tidak hanya untuk menuliskan gagasan kedalam sebuah tulisan tetapi juga dengan menulis, informasi yang ingin kita sampaikan dapat tersebar dengan baik apalagi di era serba digital ini sebuah tulisan sekarang akan sangat mudah diterbitkan bahkan di posting melalui akun-akun media sosial atau media digital lainnya. Agar anak-anak atau khusunya siswa-siswa dapat menulis dengan baik dan mengembangkan gagasannya, tim PKM dari Fakultas Sastra, Program Studi Sastra Indonesia mengadakan sebuah pengabdian kepada masyarakat untuk menumbuhkan budaya literasi di bidang menulis. Pelatihan yang diadakan oleh tim PKM ini adalah pelatihan menulis cerpen yang bertemakan remaja yang sangat dekat dengan anak-anak khususnya siswa Sekolah Menengah Pertama. Kegiatan yang berlangsung di Sekolah Menengah Pertama Negeri 8 Tangerang Selatan ini diharapkan dapat membantu para siswa menjadi lebih inovatif dan dapat membantu mereka mengembangkan kemampuan menulisnya.
WORKSHOP PEMANFAATAN E-LEARNING SCHOOLOGY DALAM PEMBELAJARAN PADA GURU SMP BAKTI IBU 11 LUBUKLINGGAU
Authors: Asmara Yeni , Mulyono Dodik
Published: July 2020

Tujuan kegiatan ini membantu guru SMP BI dalam membuat media pembelajaran dengan menggunakan E-Learning Schoology. Metode yang digunakan dalam kegiatan ini adalah ceramah yang dikombinasikan dengan metode demosntrasi dan latihan. Selanjutnya di akhir kegiatan akan diberikan evaluasi kepada guru yang mengikuti kegiatan tersebut dengan indikator keberhasilan kemampuan guru dalam menggunakan e-learning dalam hal ini Schoology. Dari hasil evaluasi diketahui sebanyak 53 guru hanya 20 orang guru atau 37.73% yang dapat mengaplikasikan e-learning:schoology sesuai dengan bidang studinya masing-masing. Dan 15  orang guru atau 28.30% baru berhasil membuat akun aplikasi dari e-learning schoology dikarenakan tidak menggunakan laptop tetapi menggunakan HP. 18 orang guru atau 33.96% belum dapat membuat akun dan mengaplikasikan e-learning schoology dikarenakan terkendala tidak membawa laptop dan HP serta belum memiliki e-mail pribadi. Pertemuan kedua ada 45 orang guru atau 84.90% guru yang telah memiliki akun dan membuat aplikasi e-learning:schoology sesuai dengan bidang studinya masing-masing. Dan 8 orang atau 15.09% guru sampai pada tahap pembuatan akun. Dengan demikian target yang diharapkan dapat tercapai bahkan lebih dari target yakni  rencana awal ditargetkan guru dapat menerapkan e learning schoology 75% ternyata setelah pelaksanaan PKM guru yang dapat menerapkan aplikasi tersebut mencapai 84.90%.
PENGEMBANGAN ALAT PIROLISIS SAMPAH PLASTIK SEBAGAI MEDIA BELAJAR BERBASIS LINGKUNGAN PADA MATERI SUHU DAN KALOR DI SMP KABUPATEN MUSI RAWAS
Authors: Arini Wahyu , Lovisia Endang
Published: July 2020

This research aims to develop a plastic waste pyrolysis tool as an environment-based learning media in SMP Musi Regency. This research is a development research. There are 3 junior high schools used, namely Air Satan Public Middle School, Muara Beliti Public Middle School and Pedang Public Middle School. Learning outcomes of learning media using pyrolysis tools by measuring students' understanding through given questions is greatly improved and average N-Gain (0.81) are included in the high category. Then for the questionnaire students' responses to the learning media pyrolysis tool obtained an average of 89,75% and a guidebook of 87,89% which is in the category of very practical, as well as a guidebook for the feasibility of the contents of 89,81%, the feasibility of serving 92,59% and language eligibility of 88,89%. For the validity level of the pyrolysis tool to the material is 90% and the media is 88,64% and for the validity of the guidebook for the material is 87,5% and the media is 84,37%. Based on the results of the analysis it can be concluded that the environment-based pyrolysis tool that was designed, developed is suitable for use as a medium for learning physics on material temperature and heat. In this research, it can also be used to produce fuel substitutes for petroleum that are difficult to renew and the impact on the environment can minimize plastic waste that is very difficult to degrade.