bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
EDUCATIONAL COMPONENT OF HUMAN CAPITAL RESTORATION AND DEVELOPMENT IN UKRAINE
Authors:   SSI ", Posnova Tetiana ,   Institute of Educational Analytics", Belinska Ganna ,   National Aviation University, Zyatkоskyi Volodymyr ,   SSI "Institute of Educational Analytics"
Published: August 2024

The article examines the issue of the role of education in the restoration and development of human capital. The authors clarified the essence of human capital and the dependence of its quality on the education system in the country. It has been found that human capital in Ukraine does not sufficiently influence the formation of national wealth, so its importance is underestimated. It was determined that such international indices as the Human Capital Index, Global Innovation Index, and Human Development Index were used to assess the development of human capital. Based on these indices, it was concluded that as a result of russia's military aggression, in 2022, Ukraine occupied the lowest positions since the beginning of independence. However, at the present time, we can talk about a certain stabilisation of the situation. The relationship between the development of human capital and the financing of education is also considered. The authors provide data on the state and trends of education funding in Ukraine before the war and in the current context and draw conclusions about the importance of such funding for future recovery. It has been proven that the main goal of the state should be not only the reconstruction of destroyed educational institutions and scientific institutions but also the transformation of the content and meaning of education in general for the preservation and development of human capital, ensuring the sustainable and continuous development of the education system for the restoration and development of a competitive, innovative Ukraine. Accordingly, close and systematic interaction of Ukraine with European and international organisations, which are effective factors in the development of national human capital and the field of education as a whole, is necessary.
Relevance Profitability and Managerial Ownership Trough Capital Structure for Company Value
Authors: EBGC Icasania Septentia , EBGC Dwi Suhartini
Published: August 2024

The company has a goal of achieving going concern and making a profit. Companies that apply economic principles are generally not only oriented towards achieving maximum profit, but also trying to increase the value of the company and the prosperity of their owners. The company's objectives can be achieved by maximizing profitability by with the mechanism of Good Corporate Governance and also considering the selection of an appropriate capital structure to achieve corporate value. This study aims to determine the effect of profitability and managerial ownership on company value with capital structure as an intervening variable. This research sample of 13 food and beverage companies listed on the Stock Exchange in the 2012-2018 observation period. Testing the research hypothesis using the Partial Least Square (PLS) analysis technique. The results showed that profitability negatively affected capital structure and company value. Managerial ownership does not affect the capital structure or company value. Capital structure variables can mediate the effect of profitability on company value, but cannot mediate the effect of managerial ownership on company value
Initiation of Low Carbon Economic Stimulus Policy on MSME Waste Management Post-Covid-19 in Indonesia
Authors: EBGC Mario Rosario Wisnu Aji , EBGC Risanda Budiantoro , EBGC Citra Augustina Sumarsa , EBGC Febrianur Ibnu Sukono
Published: August 2024

Initiation of Low Carbon Economic Stimulus Policy on MSME Waste Management Post-Covid-19 in Indonesia
The Remote Audit in Post-Pandemic Era: Professional Scepticism and Audit Quality Perspective
Authors: EBGC Acynthia Ayu Wilasittha
Published: August 2024

This study aims to determine the implementation of remote audit in the post-pandemic era by considering professional skepticism and the impact on audit quality that is applied during the remote audit. This research uses a descriptive qualitative method. The data source is primary data derived from interviews with auditors at KAP Kanaka Puradiredja, Suhartono (KAP KPS) in Surabaya who carried out remote audits during the Covid-19 pandemic. The results of the interview show the advantages and disadvantages of the implementation of remote audits during the Covid-19 pandemic and the role of professional skepticism and its effect on audit quality. Auditors feel that it is better to conduct an on-site audit compared to a remote audit in the post-Covid-19 era. However, there is a possibility that if technology can be utilized optimally by auditees and auditors, then a hybrid audit can be implemented to carry out audits that are more effective and efficient without compromising audit quality.
The Influence of Job Happiness and Innovative Work Behavior on Employee Performance
Authors: EBGC Wa Pala , EBGC Marwan Man Soleman , EBGC Rahmat Sabhari
Published: August 2024

This study aims to analyze and determine the effect of both partial and simultaneous job happiness and innovative work behavior on employee performance. This study’s sample number was 76 employees at the North Maluku Central Bureau of Statistics (BPS). The analytical test tool uses SPSS version 27. The results of this study indicate that: (1) job satisfaction has a positive and significant effect on employee performance. (2) innovative work behavior positively and significantly affects employee performance. (3) work happiness and innovative work behavior together have a positive and significant effect on employee performance.
Influence of Fan Attachment and Attitude towards Impulsive BTS Meal Purchasing Interest among Army (BTS Fans)
Authors: EBGC Dewi Deniaty Sholihah , EBGC Nurkholis Majid
Published: August 2024

This research aims to examine the factors that cause impulse buying by Army (BTS fans) which are influenced by attachment and attitude towards the product. The research was conducted by involving BTS fans who are members of groups affiliated with Kapanlagi.com media. The sample in the study was 97 people, representing a response rate of 97% of the target sample. Data analysis was conducted using PLS 3.0 and showed that fan attachment can trigger impulsive buying activity carried out by Army. In addition, attachment also has an impact on improving the view of the product by having a label with the BTS logo as a brand. However, the attitude towards the product does not necessarily lead to impulse buying interest because it requires attachment factors to build spontaneous purchases
The Effect of External Auditor, Financial Distress, and Audit Committee on Audit Report Lag
Authors: Mahendra Fachreza Desca , Rachman Helmy
Published: August 2024

This study aims to analyze the effect of audit tenure, auditor industry specialization, financial distress utilizing the proxy of the Altman Z-Score formula, and audit committee measured by audit committee competence on audit report lag. The population includes property and real estate companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2020 – 2022, from which the samples of 128 data free from outlier are selected through purposive sampling. The secondary data involved in this study are derived from the companies’ financial reports and annual reports accessed from the official websites of the Indonesia Stock Exchange and respective companies, and are analyzed by multiple linear regression processed by SPSS 25 software. The research results exhibit that audit tenure and audit committee competence have no effect on audit report lag; financial distress with the proxy of Altman Z-Score formula has a positive effect on audit report lag; and auditor industry specialization has a negative effect on audit report lag.
EXPRESSÃO DE RECEPTORES TOLL-LIKE E MODULAÇÃO DA RESPOSTA INFLAMATÓRIA PELO EXERCÍCIO FÍSICO: UMA REVISÃO SISTEMÁTICA
Authors: Soares Fonseca Yago , Oliveira Alves Calila , Guimarães Souza Lohana , Faccin Borges Grasiely , Miranda Botelho Teixeira Ana Maria
Published: August 2024

Objetivou-se realizar uma revisão sistemática acerca da modulação da resposta inflamatória pela diminuição da expressão de receptores toll like (TLR)  pelo exercício físico. Realizou-se busca sistemática nas bases de dados PUBMED e Google Scholar. Os artigos foram selecionados por meio da plataforma Raayan. Atenderam aos critérios de elegibilidade 19 estudos experimentais. Os resultados apontaram o exercício físico como modulador da resposta inflamatória, conduzindo a um estado anti-inflamatório transitório, sendo os de resistência e de longa duração aqueles com efeito direto sobre a modulação negativa do TLR. Para os aeróbicos é necessário considerar a intensidade e o tempo de intervenção.
INTERACTION OF SEX AND SEXUAL MATURATION WITH MOBILE AND SCREEN TIME IN ADOLESCENTS
Authors: Piola Thiago
Published: August 2024

Objective: To estimate the prevalence of time spent in cell phone and screen time in adolescents moderated by physical activity level. Methods: A study with a representative sample of 772 adolescents (52.6% female) with a mean age of 16.63 ± 0.69 years selected in a sampling process by multiple stages. The cell phone and screen time were auto reported. Poisson regression analyzes verified the associations. Results: Were observed associations between nutritional status and cell phone use by insufficiently active adolescents (PR: 1.433; CI95%: 1.123 - 1.829; p = 0.004). Female (PR: 0.728; CI95%: 0.621 - 0.853; p = 0.001) and female sex*pubertal interaction (PR: 0.768; CI 95%: 0.637 - 0.925; p = 0.005) and female sex*post pubert (PR: 0.709; CI95%: 0.522 - 0.963; p = 0.028) with screen time in insufficiently active activities. Female sex (PR: 0.713; CI95%: 0.536 - 0.967; p = 0.029) and female sex*pubertal interaction term (PR: 0.622; CI 95%: 0.464 - 0.944; p = 0.023) with screen time on sufficiently active. Conclusions: physical activity level may moderate the relationship of overweight/obese adolescents with cell phone use. Females seem to be the main factor related to screen time.
Reducción del dolor de rodilla mediante entrenamiento virtual
Authors: Feria-Madueño Adrián , Córdoba Irene
Published: August 2024

La intervención se implementó de manera virtual mediante sesiones de entrenamiento por vídeo, proporcionando la oportunidad de realizar el fortalecimiento muscular desde la comodidad del hogar. El propósito fundamental de la presente investigación consistió en analizar el impacto del entrenamiento de fortalecimiento muscular en los miembros inferiores en individuos que experimentan dolor idiopático en la rodilla. Con este fin, se emplearon las pruebas Kujala y WOMAC como herramientas de evaluación.
Este estudio se enfoca en individuos que experimentan dolor de rodilla de forma semanal, con un nivel mínimo de actividad física moderada por semana. Se evidenció que el grupo experimental logró una notable reducción en el dolor de rodilla, con mejoras significativas en otros aspectos, como la salud general y la percepción de calidad de vida. Estos hallazgos destacan la eficacia de la intervención en línea para mejorar la salud musculoesquelética y el bienestar general en individuos que sufren de dolor crónico en la rodilla
Does physical effort affect the cognitive performance of police officers?
Authors: Faro Heloiana K. Campos
Published: August 2024

BACKGROUND: The duty of police officers involves cognitive processes, furthermore, the firearm is usually preceded by foot pursuit, so it's important to understand whether physical exertion affects police officers' cognitive performance. We aimed to evaluate if physical exertion impacts cognitive performance in police officers. METHODS: The sample consisted of 14 male police officers. Inhibitory control was assessed using a version of the Stroop test before and after physical exertion. The response time (RT) and accuracy were used for the analysis.  The Stroop effect was also measured. Participants were instructed to run a ~300 m on the simulated circuit of foot chase. Statistical tests were used to compare RT and accuracy. RESULTS: There was no change from pre- to post-exertion in RT and accuracy for congruent (all ps>0.62), neutral (all ps>0.77), or incongruent trials (all ps>0.15) of the Stroop test as well as the Stroop interference when considering RT (p=0.594) or accuracy (p=0.826). CONCLUSIONS: There was no effect of physical effort on the cognitive performance of police officers.
Repensar el futuro de los museos universitarios en España a través de seis conceptos
Authors: Pérez Mateo Soledad
Published: August 2024

La producción historiográfica sobre el patrimonio universitario se ha incrementado en los últimos años, pero existen lagunas sobre su devenir más allá de sus planteamientos teóricos. Nuestro objetivo apunta a presentar un análisis sobre la situación de los museos y colecciones universitarias en España, que debe partir de una reflexión en torno a seis conceptos inherentes a la profesión museística: terminología, plan estratégico, formación, comunicación, exposición y trabajo en redes. Operar de manera profesional es fundamental para permitir un desarrollo armonioso de estas instituciones y determina si se han conseguido los objetivos planteados para el cumplimiento de las funciones asociadas a la universidad como institución al servicio de la sociedad. La naturaleza cambiante del público y el uso social del museo universitario son los principales retos que se deben afrontar en esta nueva era.
PERAWATAN MESIN BELT CONVEYOR
Authors: Saputra Anjas , Helmizar  , Witanto Yovan
Published: August 2024

Abstrak: Belt conveyor berfungsi untuk memindahkan barang dalam jumlah banyak secara terus menerus dari ujung konveyor (awal) ke ujung konveyor yang lain (akhir). Adapun Prinsip kerja dari belt conveyor terdiri dari komponen utama dari mesin berupa sabuk yang prinsip kerjanya mengangkut material yang akan dipindahkan dari kapal bongkar muat atau dari reclaimer hopper. Bentuk fisik dari belt adalah sabuk yang memanjang di sepanjang conveyor. Perawatan pada belt conveyor dilakukan secara berkala, seperti perawatan mingguan dan perawatan bulanan. pemeliharaan pada setiap komponen. Perawatan berkala ini dilakukan mulai dari tahap pemeriksaan kerusakan dan tahap penggantian komponen yang rusak. Menganalisa dan mengamati mesin belt conveyor dengan mengumpulkan data-data masalah yang dapat merusak mesin belt conveyor dan dapat menghambat proses produksi
 
Kata kunci: konveyor sabuk, pemeliharaan preventif
The Critical Vulnerability of an Authentic Leader as a Сatalyst for Achieving Outstanding Prosocial Results
Authors: Saveleva Natalia , Savelev Igor
Published: August 2024

Having been in management for more than 15 years, we have identified empirical evidence of critical vulnerability in business leaders who implemented large-scale organizational change and ultimately achieved outstanding prosocial outcomes. This vulnerability may present as resistance or criticism from stakeholders—employees, partners, and shareholders—marked by distrust in leadership vision and active sabotage of decisions, which potentially leads to the termination of the leader's powers. However, as the stakeholders' mindset evolves, the vulnerability tends to subside, paving the way for company consolidation, substantial organizational achievements, self-actualization for stakeholders and recognition for the leader. Such shift allows us to hypothesize that: 1) unique behavioral patterns of authentic leaders during organizational change implementation expose them to the observed critical vulnerability but ultimately lead to substantial prosocial results; 2) the main reason for leader vulnerability is the gap in leadership mindset levels between the leader and stakeholders at the onset of organizational change. Relying on the described assumptions, we executed preliminary research on leader vulnerability, aiming to explore unique leader behavior patterns that cause critical vulnerability. The study involved 8 top managers who are currently leading organizational changes within their organizations. We used purposive sampling to ensure participants’ significant leadership experience and their transformative impact. The research methodology relied on qualitative methods—in-depths interviews. Applying the Michigan Model of Leadership with its Competing Values Framework (CVF), we conducted a thematic analysis of the collected data. We determined that vulnerability typically manifests as a result of a strategic endeavor by leaders to ensure the evolution of stakeholder mindset for subsequent empowerment of them. The study advances knowledge about authentic leadership by emphasizing vulnerability's vital function in accomplishing remarkable prosocial organizational outcomes. More research will be required to create a framework for recognizing and assisting leaders who are critically vulnerable during organizational change implementation.
Hydraulic parameter estimation of saturated sand using silica encapsulated, DNA tagged microparticles
Authors:   , Chakraborty Swagatam
Published: August 2024

Determining hydraulic parameters of aquifers, their associated uncertainties and spatio-temporal variation is important to characterize groundwater flow and mass transport. Of these hydraulic parameters, hydraulic conductivity, effective porosity, and dispersivity are the most crucial ones. Several ex-situ methods such as grain size analysis, and permeameter tests of drilled core samples, and in-situ methods including pumping tests, slug tests, and flowmeter tests, and tracer studies have traditionally been applied for estimating hydraulic conductivity. Effective porosity has been typically estimated by ex-situ and in-situ methods such as mercury intrusion porosimetry, Helium gas pycnometry, magnetic resonance imaging and tracer tests. Compared to the standard drilled core analysis and geophysical methods, groundwater tracer tests have been used for broader applications including in-situ direct hydraulic parameter estimation, transport velocity determination, spatio-temporal variation of hydraulic parameters, and establishing aquifer connectivities. Inorganic salts and fluorescent dyes are the most commonly used groundwater tracers due to their no or low reactivity with sediments, cost efficiency and non-toxicity. In addition to salt and dye tracers, particulate tracers including microspheres, bacteria and bacteriophages have been widely used for characterizing groundwater flow paths, and pathogen migration. Transport behaviour of these microparticle tracers, depending on physico-chemical properties such as size and surface charge, and process variables including ionic strength and particle concentration, can differ from the conservative tracers in terms of transport velocity, mass distribution, and recovery.
This dissertation focuses on the applicability of silica encapsulated DNA tagged microparticles (SiDNA) in determining hydraulic parameters (hydraulic conductivity, effective porosity, longitudinal, and transverse dispersivities) of homogeneous and heterogeneous saturated medium grain and coarse grain sand. SiDNA particles are ~200 nm spherical silica particles encapsulating double stranded DNA (dsDNA) molecules. The uniqueness of the base pair sequences of the dsDNA, synthesized through combinations of nucleotides, overcomes the general limiation of lack of distinctiveness within a group of solutes (eg. salt) or particulate tracers (e.g. microparticles, bacteria). In laboratory column (1D) and sand tank (3D) experiments, SiDNA with a superparamagnetic core (SiDNAmag) was subjected to retention through first order kinetic attachment, resulting in 1-3 log less mass recovery as comapared to conservative tracers.
Incidence, microbiology and management of acute otitis media and ear discharge in primary care
Authors:   , Hullegie Saskia
Published: August 2024

Acute otitis media (AOM) is a common childhood infection, often leading to doctor visits and antibiotic prescriptions. Approximately 15-20% of children with AOM experience ear discharge due to a spontaneous tear or perforation of the eardrum (AOMd). Contrary to widespread beliefs, acute ear discharge as a presenting symptom of AOM does not mean that the infection is improving. Children with AOMd have similar levels of ear pain and feel worse at first presentation than those without ear discharge. The main aim of this thesis was therefore to provide insight in the incidence, microbiology and management of AOM, and in particular AOMd, in primary care.

Chapter 2.1 reports the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on otitis media in Dutch children. During the pandemic, general practitioner (GP) consultations for AOM, OME (otitis media with effusion), and ear discharge decreased by 63%, 57%, and 54% respectively.
Chapter 2.2 shows that the incidence of AOM in adults remained stable between 2015 and 2018, with an incidence of 5.3 episodes per 1,000 person-years.

Chapter 3 reports that Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, Staphylococcus aureus, and Streptococcus pyogenes are globally the most common bacteria present in the ear discharge of children with AOMd. Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) data were sparse and mainly limited to S. pneumoniae. There was no significant shift in bacterial prevalence or AMR over time.

Chapter 4 reports the results of our randomized controlled trial (RCT) comparing antibiotic-corticosteroid eardrops versus oral antibiotics for children with AOMd. Due to slow accrual the trial was prematurely ended with 58 of a planned 350 children included. We were unable to determine non-inferiority of antibiotic-corticosteroid eardrops to oral antibiotics, but our findings in a small group of children, requiring confirmation, suggest that that oral antibiotics may be more effective in resolving symptoms, and shortening the duration of ear discharge than antibiotic-corticosteroid eardrops in children with AOMd.

Chapter 5 reports on a study assessing the differential impact of topical and systemic antibiotics on the gut microbiota composition and antibiotic resistance genes for children with AOMd. The study found no significant differences in gut microbiota composition or antibiotic resistance gene abundance between the two treatment groups.

In chapter 6 the thesis’ main findings, including our trial’s recruitment challenges, and their implications for future primary-care based research, are discussed.
Analysis of Public Relations Strategy of Bogor Regency Communication and Information Office in Disseminating the Pancakarsa Program Case Study of Gunung Putri District
Authors: Martha Layung Paramesti , Prasetyo Danang
Published: August 2024

This study aims to explain the public relations strategy of the Bogor Regency Diskominfo in the Socialization of the PANCAKARSA Program with a case study of Gunung Putri District. in the socialization activities of the PANCAKARSA Program involving the Public Relations of the Communication and Information Office of Bogor and Gunung Putri District. This research method uses a qualitative description with data collection, interviews with key informants and informants and documentation. as for the data analysis techniques carried out by data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The data validity technique in this study used the triangulation method. The technique used to answer the problem is using a public relations strategy to make decisions about program goals and objectives, identify audiences, establish policies or rules to determine the chosen strategy, decide which strategy to use. Based on the results of the research on the Public Relations Strategy of the Bogor Regency Diskominfo in disseminating the PANCAKARSA Program as a whole it was good and the strategies used in the socialization were: disseminating information through existing media such as websites, Social Media, Banners, Innovation Magazines, Radio, Videotron, DSP and other media. digital and print
POLA PENYEBARAN DAN PENILAIAN SUMBER DAYA BATUBARA DAERAH GERAMAT DAN SEKITARNYA
Authors: Adhitia Iit , Solihin Solihin , Pamungkas Helmi Setia Ritma , Irawan Robin
Published: August 2024

ABSTRAK Daerah penyelidikan berada di area Geramat dan sekitarnya, Kecamatan Merapi Selatan, Kabupaten Lahat, Provinsi Sumatera Selatan termasuk bagian dari Cekungan Sumatera Selatan yang diestimasikan mengandung batubara cukup besar dikarenakan cekungan ini disusun oleh litologi yang terendapkan pada lingkungan darat – transisi sebagai bagian Formasi Muara Enim, terdapat formasi lainnya yang berdekatan yaitu Formasi Gumai, Formasi Air Benakat, Formasi Kasai, Andesit, serta Satuan Gunung Api Muda. Pola penyebaran batubara daerah penelitian berarah umum tenggara – barat laut, hal ini di karenakan pola penyebaran batubara didaerah penelitian masih berhubungan dengan hasil proses geologi regional yaitu adanya pola lipatan antiklin dan sinklin serta sesar mendatar sebagai pengendali utama pola penyebaran seam batubara di area penyelidikan, sedangkan estimasi sumberdaya batubara daerah penelitian yaitu 8.900.975,6 ton untuk  sumberdaya tereka, 2.815.829,8 ton untuk sumberdaya tertunjuk, dan 854.850,8 ton untuk sumberdaya terukur, dengan total sumberdaya 12,571,656.1 ton. Batubara di daerah penelitian dijumpai pada bagian selatan  daerah penelitian, dan untuk menentukan prospek atau tidaknya batubara didaerah penelitian harus dilakukan penelitian lebih lanjut, untuk mengetahui ketebalan dan penyebaran berdasarkan data bor, striping rasio, dan analisis kualitas batubara. Kata Kunci : cekungan sumatera selatan, estimasi sumber daya, pola penyebaran  ABSTRACT The investigation area is in the Geramat area and its surroundings, South Merapi District, Lahat Regency, South Sumatra Province, including part of the South Sumatra Basin, which is estimated to contain quite a lot of coal because this basin is composed of lithology deposited in a terrestrial environment - transitional as part of the Muara Enim Formation. Other formations nearby, namely the Gumai Formation, Air Benakat Formation, Kasai Formation, Andesite, and the Young Volcano Unit. The coal distribution pattern in the research area has a general direction of southeast - northwest. This is because the coal distribution pattern in the research area is still related to the results of regional geological processes, namely the presence of anticline and syncline fold patterns and horizontal faults as the main controller of the coal seam distribution pattern in the investigation area. The projected coal resources for the research area are 8,900,975.6 tonnes inferred, 2,815,829.8 tonnes indicated, and 854,850.8 tonnes measured, for a total resource of 12,571,656.1 tonnes. Coal is found in the southern part of the research area, and more research is needed to determine thickness and distribution based on drill data, striping ratio, and coal quality analysis. Keywords: south sumatra basin, resource estimation, distribution patterns
PIWI pathway: bridging acute myeloid leukemia stemness and cellular differentiation
Authors: Garcia-Silva M. R. , Márquez M. E. , Pinello N.
Published: August 2024

PIWI proteins are stem cell-associated RNA-binding proteins crucial for survival of germ stem cells. In cancer, PIWI proteins are overexpressed. Specifically, PIWIL4 is highly expressed in multiple cancers with the highest levels found in acute myeloid leukemia (AML), an aggressive malignancy propagated by a population of leukemia stem cells (LSCs). Bamezai et al. (Blood Journal, blood, 2023, 142, 90–105) demonstrated that PIWIL4 supports AML blasts and LSCs but is not necessary for healthy human hematopoietic progenitor stem cells (HSPCs) function in vivo. PIWIL4 in AML acts by preventing the accumulation of R-loops in key genes for LSCs persistence implicated in: DNA damage, replicative stress, and transcription arrest. We report that PIWIL4 expression significantly decreases in THP-1 monocytes exposed to a differentiating agent, suggesting a potential role for PIWIL4 in maintaining the undifferentiated state of myeloid cells. PIWIL4 overexpression could lead to the emergence of LSCs, driving leukemia propagation and maintenance. Our findings correlate with the persistent overexpression of PIWIL4 in myeloid cancers as reported by Bamezai et al., and suggest that PIWIL4 may be involved in myeloid cell differentiation. In this perspective, we highlight recent findings on the implication of PIWI pathway in maintaining AML stemness. Additionally, we propose further investigation on the role of PIWI pathway in oncogenesis and cellular differentiation as a strategy to identify biomarkers and therapeutic targets for AML.
The relationship between system inflammation response index and coronary heart disease: a cross-sectional study (NHANES 2007–2016)
Authors: Zhang Tian Yang , Chen Hai long , Shi Yanyu , Jin Ying , Zhang Yuan , Chen Ying
Published: August 2024

Background

Coronary heart disease (CHD) is one of the common chronic diseases in clinical practice, often accompanied by inflammatory reactions. In recent years, the system inflammation response index (SIRI) has aroused researchers’ interest as a novel inflammatory biomarker. This study aims to explore the relationship between the SIRI and CHD through the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) database.

Methods

We conducted a cross-sectional study and analyzed participants aged 40 and above with complete data from the NHANES survey years 2007–2016. Logistic regression analysis was used in this study to explore the relationship between the risk of CHD and SIRI. Stratified subgroup analysis was conducted based on age, gender, race, education level, body mass index (BMI), smoking status, drinking, hypertension, diabetes and angina pectoris to evaluate the relationship between SIRI and CHD in different populations. Additionally, restricted cubic spline (RCS) analysis was employed to investigate whether there is a nonlinear association between SIRI and CHD.

Results

A total of 6374 eligible participants were included, among whom 387 were diagnosed with CHD. The SIRI levels in the CHD group were significantly higher than those in the non-CHD group. After adjusting for potential confounders, an elevated SIRI level was associated with an increased risk of CHD, with an odds ratio of 1.12, 95% CI: (1.03, 1.22), P = 0.008. Subgroup analysis results indicated a significant interaction between SIRI and CHD among genders (P for interaction <0.05), especially in females. In contrast, no significant interaction was observed among age, race, education level, BMI, smoking status, drinking, hypertension, diabetes and angina pectoris (P for interaction >0.05). The RCS analysis showed a significant linear relationship between SIRI and CHD (P for non-linearity >0.05), with an inflection point at 2.86.

Conclusion

Our study indicates that an elevated system inflammation response index is associated with a higher risk of CHD. Particularly among women.
Training of health science professors to support the education of high-ability university students
Authors: Flores-Bravo Juan Francisco , Rodríguez-Naveiras Elena , Valadez Sierra María de los Dolores , Costantini Dylan , Borges África
Published: August 2024

Teacher training for high ability students represents a critical need that has been neglected. In this context, it is essential to implement programs that demystify high abilities and provide teachers with effective tools to inspire and challenge these students. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact and satisfaction of a course-workshop offered to university professors for the educational attention of students with high abilities. For this purpose, a mixed methodology was used; in the quantitative part, two approaches were combined: a quasi-experimental design with a non-equivalent control group, and a pre-experimental design. In the qualitative part, the content of open-ended questions was analyzed. Quantitative results show significant differences in the interaction and timing of the intervention in the experimental group (p = 0.000). Likewise, a positive level of achievement and approval was observed in each of the subjects taught, obtaining an average of 41.12 out of 47 total points. In addition, a satisfactory evaluation of the course-workshop offered was reported, since 95.2% said that they agreed fairly or strongly agreed with the contents, 96.8% agreed fairly or strongly agreed with the didactic material, and 90.47% rated the performance of the instructors as excellent. The lexical analysis yielded three classes in relation to the most significant learning acquired during the course, while the comments and suggestions for improvement were grouped into four classes. The findings of this study highlight the importance of developing teacher training programs based on a clear understanding of high abilities and allow expanding knowledge in this field of study.
Risk for progression to type 1 diabetes in first-degree relatives under 50 years of age
Authors: Urrutia Ines , Martinez Rosa , Calvo Begona , Marcelo Irene , Saso-Jimenez Laura , Martinez de Lapiscina Idoia , Bilbao Jose Ramon , Castano Luis , Rica Itxaso ,   The Collaborative Working Group
Published: August 2024

Introduction

The detection of pancreatic autoantibodies in first-degree relatives of patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D) is considered a risk factor for disease. Novel available immunotherapies to delay T1D progression highlight the importance of identifying individuals at risk who might benefit from emerging treatments. The objective was to assess the autoimmunity in first-degree relatives of patients with T1D, estimate the time from autoimmunity detection to the onset of clinical diabetes, and identify the associated risk factors.

Methods

Retrospective multicenter study of 3,015 first-degree relatives of patients with T1D recruited between 1992 and 2018. Pancreatic autoantibodies (IAA, GADA, IA2A, and ZnT8A) were determined by radioimmunoassay, starting the analyses at diagnosis of the proband. All those with positive autoimmunity and normal fasting blood glucose without clinical symptoms of diabetes were followed up in the study. The progression rate to T1D was assessed according to sex, relationship with the proband, age at autoimmunity detection, type/number of autoantibodies, and HLA-DRB1 genotype. Cox proportional-hazard models and Kaplan–Meier survival plots were used for statistical analyses.

Results

Among the relatives, 21 progenitors [43.7 years (IQR: 38.1–47.7)] and 27 siblings [7.6 years (IQR: 5.8–16.1)] had positive autoantibodies. Of these, 54.2% (95% CI: 39.2%–68.6%) developed T1D (age at autoimmunity detection 11 months to 39 years) in a median of 5 years (IQR: 3.6–8.7; ranged from 0.9 to 22.6 years). Risk factors associated with faster progression to T1D were multiple autoimmunity and <20 years at autoimmunity detection. Younger relatives (<20 years) with multiple autoantibodies had a 5-year cumulative risk of developing diabetes of 52.9% (95% CI: 22.1%–71.6%) and a 20-year risk of 91.2% (95% CI: 50.5%–98.4%). The 20-year risk decreased to 59.9% (95% CI: 21.9%–79.5%) if only one risk factor was met and to 35.7% (95% CI: 0.0%–66.2%) if the relative was older than 20 years with one autoantibody.

Conclusions

In first-degree relatives with autoimmunity, the time to progression to T1D is faster in children and adolescents with multiple autoantibodies. Young adults are also at risk, which supports their consideration in screening strategies for people at risk of developing T1D.
Exploring the driving factors of bryophyte assemblage distribution patterns in Tibet
Authors: Gu Jiqi , Song Xiaotong , Ye Yanhui , Shao Xiaohong , Liao Yujia , Shao Xiaoming
Published: August 2024

Plant communities are complex systems shaped by a combination of deterministic and stochastic ecological processes. Bryophytes are an essential component of plant diversity in natural ecosystems, yet our understanding of their community ecology needs to catch up to that of other organisms. The unique geological history, alpine climatic conditions, and high habitat heterogeneity of Tibet provide suitable areas for bryophytes to survive in the alpine regions. Therefore, field surveys were conducted across 184 plots in forest, thicket, and herbaceous vegetation of Tibet to investigate the role of deterministic processes such as biological interactions and abiotic effects, along with stochastic processes, in shaping the distribution of bryophyte assemblages. We employed various analytical methods, including mixed effects models, partial least squares path modeling, null model analysis, and neutral community models. The study showed that bryophyte richness was highest in forests. Bryophyte assemblages showed greater segregation in forest and thicket environments compared to herbaceous vegetation. As the influence of stochastic processes increased, that of deterministic processes decreased from forests through thickets to herbaceous vegetation. Deterministic processes were the main driving forces for the bryophyte assemblage pattern. Soil properties and climatic factors, particularly pH played a key role in determining bryophyte patterns in Tibet. This study has deepened our comprehension of how deterministic and stochastic ecological processes interplay and shape bryophyte distribution patterns in Tibet.
The characteristics of nutrient distribution and influencing factors in the Chukchi Plateau and adjacent waters
Authors: Ni Zhixin , Zhang Han , Zhang Minxia , Li Tuanjie , Li Shengyong , Chen Xin , Zhang Ling , Gao Yuan , Chen Changshu , Wang Zhongyuan , Deng Wei , Zhang Hai zhou
Published: August 2024

The Arctic is one of the regions under the most dramatic climate change. Global warming has led to elevated freshwater inflow into the western Arctic Ocean and significantly altered nutrient structure and biogeochemical cycling. In this work, inorganic dissolved nutrients in the Chukchi Plateau (CP) and adjacent regions were investigated to further understand their characteristics and influencing factors. Results showed that relatively high nutrient concentrations occurred in the water masses with salinity >32 psu, especially there was a nutrient-rich layer influenced by Winter Pacific Water in the water column (15.10±1.96, 2.23±0.26, and 23.46±6.64 µmol/L for DIN, PO43– and Si(OH)4, respectively). Contrarily, lower nutrient concentrations occurred in the mixing water of the upper layer (1.76±1.04, 1.15±0.16 and 3.76±2.29 µmol/L for DIN, PO43– and Si(OH)4, respectively) with a low DIN/P ratio (1.44±0.59), suggesting DIN has become the potentially biological limiting factor. Furthermore, the freshening and deepening of the upper layer driven by the Beaufort Gyre has hindered the nutrient transport from underlying layer into the upper layer. A maximum chla was observed at 36‒75 m water depth, and the phytoplankton biomass decreased from the western to the eastern CP, accompanied by a decreased contribution of micro-sized chla but an increased contribution of small-sized chla (74.0±0.1%). The phytoplankton resource use efficiency for DIN was estimated as (3.2±4.6)×10-3, which was primarily influenced by the physicochemical parameters of water and also largely regulated by the size structure of phytoplankton.
Toward trustworthy medical device in silico clinical trials: a hierarchical framework for establishing credibility and strategies for overcoming key challenges
Authors: Aycock Kenneth I. , Battisti Tom , Peterson Ashley , Yao Jiang , Kreuzer Steven , Capelli Claudio , Pant Sanjay , Pathmanathan Pras , Hoganson David M. , Levine Steve M. , Craven Brent A.
Published: August 2024

Computational models of patients and medical devices can be combined to perform an in silico clinical trial (ISCT) to investigate questions related to device safety and/or effectiveness across the total product life cycle. ISCTs can potentially accelerate product development by more quickly informing device design and testing or they could be used to refine, reduce, or in some cases to completely replace human subjects in a clinical trial. There are numerous potential benefits of ISCTs. An important caveat, however, is that an ISCT is a virtual representation of the real world that has to be shown to be credible before being relied upon to make decisions that have the potential to cause patient harm. There are many challenges to establishing ISCT credibility. ISCTs can integrate many different submodels that potentially use different modeling types (e.g., physics-based, data-driven, rule-based) that necessitate different strategies and approaches for generating credibility evidence. ISCT submodels can include those for the medical device, the patient, the interaction of the device and patient, generating virtual patients, clinical decision making and simulating an intervention (e.g., device implantation), and translating acute physics-based simulation outputs to health-related clinical outcomes (e.g., device safety and/or effectiveness endpoints). Establishing the credibility of each ISCT submodel is challenging, but is nonetheless important because inaccurate output from a single submodel could potentially compromise the credibility of the entire ISCT. The objective of this study is to begin addressing some of these challenges and to identify general strategies for establishing ISCT credibility. Most notably, we propose a hierarchical approach for assessing the credibility of an ISCT that involves systematically gathering credibility evidence for each ISCT submodel in isolation before demonstrating credibility of the full ISCT. Also, following FDA Guidance for assessing computational model credibility, we provide suggestions for ways to clearly describe each of the ISCT submodels and the full ISCT, discuss considerations for performing an ISCT model risk assessment, identify common challenges to demonstrating ISCT credibility, and present strategies for addressing these challenges using our proposed hierarchical approach. Finally, in the Appendix we illustrate the many concepts described here using a hypothetical ISCT example.
Lipids and α-Synuclein: adding further variables to the equation
Authors: Schepers Jana , Löser Timo , Behl Christian
Published: August 2024

Graphical Abstract

The graphical abstract summarises factors that might lead to lipid changes and possible influences of lipid changes on synucleinopathies.
Mitochondrial stress-induced H4K12 hyperacetylation dysregulates transcription in Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Huang Minhong , Jin Huajun , Anantharam Vellareddy , Kanthasamy Arthi , Kanthasamy Anumantha G.
Published: August 2024

Aberrant epigenetic modification has been implicated in the pathogenesis of Parkinson’s disease (PD), which is characterized by the irreversible loss of dopaminergic (DAergic) neurons. However, the mechanistic landscape of histone acetylation (ac) in PD has yet to be fully explored. Herein, we mapped the proteomic acetylation profiling changes at core histones H4 and thus identified H4K12ac as a key epigenomic mark in dopaminergic neuronal cells as well as in MitoPark animal model of PD. Notably, the significantly elevated H4K12ac deposition in post-mortem PD brains highlights its clinical relevance to human PD. Increased histone acetyltransferase (HAT) activity and decreased histone deacetylase 2 (HDAC2) and HDAC4 were found in experimental PD cell models, suggesting the HAT/HDAC imbalance associated with mitochondrial stress. Following our delineation of the proteasome dysfunction that possibly contributes to H4K12ac deposition, we characterized the altered transcriptional profile and disease-associated pathways in the MitoPark mouse model of PD. Our study uncovers the axis of mitochondrial impairment-H4K12ac deposition-altered transcription/disease pathways as a neuroepigenetic mechanism underlying PD pathogenesis. These findings provide mechanistic information for the development of potential pharmacoepigenomic translational strategies for PD.
Brain activation patterns in patients with post-stroke cognitive impairment during working memory task: a functional near-infrared spectroscopy study
Authors: Liu Yuanyuan , Zhong Zongye , Chen Jian , Kuo Hochieh , Chen Xiuli , Wang Ping , Shi Mingfang , Yang Mingzhen , Liu Bangzhong , Liu Guanghua
Published: August 2024

Objective

To explore the activation patterns in the frontal cortex of patients with post-stroke cognitive impairment during the execution of working memory tasks.

Methods

15 patients with post-stroke cognitive impairment, 17 patients without cognitive impairment, and 15 healthy controls of similar age and sex were included. All participants under-went immediate recall task testing and near-infrared spectroscopy imaging to measure frontal cortex activation during the task.

Results

The healthy control group performed the best in the immediate recall task, followed by the post-stroke non-cognitive impairment group. The post-stroke cognitive impairment group had the poorest performance. The near-infrared spectroscopy results revealed that during the immediate recall task, the healthy control group primarily activated the left frontal lobe region. In contrast, post-stroke patients exhibited reduced activation in the left frontal lobe and increased activation in the right frontal cortex, particularly in the right frontopolar and orbitofrontal regions, with the post-stroke cognitive impairment group displaying the most pronounced changes.

Conclusion

Patients with post-stroke cognitive impairment exhibit reduced activation in the left prefrontal cortex during the working memory tasks. They rely on compensatory activation in the right prefrontal cortex, particularly in the frontopolar and orbitofrontal cortex, to successfully complete the task.
Effects of dexmedetomidine on early postoperative cognitive function and postoperative inflammatory response: a systematic review and network meta-analysis
Authors: Huang Cuifang , Yang Ruimin , Xie Xianlong , Dai Huijun , Pan Linghui
Published: August 2024

Background

Dexmedetomidine (DEX) has demonstrated potential as an effective agent for enhancing early postoperative cognitive function. However, there is ongoing debate regarding its optimal dosage and impact on early postoperative inflammatory response. This study aimed to assess and prioritize the effects of varying doses of DEX on early postoperative cognitive function and inflammatory response, in order to identify the most effective intervention dosage.

Methods

Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) and retrospective cohort studies (RCS) from PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library up to January 28, 2024, were included. The Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) was utilized to assess the impact of varying doses of DEX on cognitive function during the early postoperative period as the primary outcome, peripheral blood levels of IL-6 and TNF-α were considered as secondary outcomes. Meta-analysis and Bayesian Network Meta-Analysis (NMA) were conducted using R. Funnel plots were generated using Stata 15.0.

Results

A total of 29 studies involving 2,807 patients and 25 different doses of DEX were included. DEX was given at a loading dose of 0.3–1.0 μg/kg followed by a maintenance dose of 0.1–0.5 μg/kg/h, or at a uniform intraoperative dose of 0.4–0.7 μg/kg/h. Network meta-analysis revealed most doses of DEX were significantly more effective than normal saline (NS) in improving postoperative MMSE scores (on days 1, 3, and 7) and lowering IL-6 and TNF-α levels. Probability results showed that a 1 μg/kg loading dose followed by a 0.6 μg/kg/h maintenance dose was the best dosing regimen for improving MMSE scores on postoperative days 1 (97.3%), 3 (100%), and 7 (99.9%), as well as for reducing postoperative blood IL-6 levels (1.3%). On the other hand, 0.3 μg/kg followed by 0.2 μg/kg/h was the optimal dosing regimen for reducing postoperative blood TNF-α levels (6.6%).

Conclusion

Compared with NS, intraoperative intravenous DEX improved early postoperative cognitive function and postoperative inflammatory response in patients undergoing elective surgery. In particular, a 1 μg/kg loading dose and a 0.6 μg/kg/h maintenance dose resulted in the best improvement in postoperative MMSE scores and blood IL-6 levels, while a 0.3 μg/kg loading dose followed by a 0.2 μg/kg/h maintenance dose is the optimal regimen for lowering postoperative blood TNF-α levels.

Systematic review registration: https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/display_record.php?RecordID=433932, identifier CRD42023433932.