bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Wells-type exact sequence and crossed extensions of algebras with bracket
Authors: Casas José Manuel , Khmaladze Emzar , Ladra Manuel
Published: January 2024

We study the extensibility problem of a pair of derivations associated with an abelian extension of algebras with bracket, and derive an exact sequence of the Wells type. We introduce crossed modules for algebras with bracket and prove their equivalence with internal categories in the category of algebras with bracket.
We interpret the set of equivalence classes of crossed extensions as the second cohomology.
Finally, we construct an eight-term exact sequence in the cohomology of algebras with bracket.
Introducing an intelligent multi-level retrieval method for mineral resource potential evaluation result data
Authors: Chaokui Li , Mingxi Liu , Ruirong Guo , Yanan Zhao , Wentao Yang , Xinchang Zhang
Published: January 2024

The geological data of the mineral resource potential evaluation results (MRPERs) are diverse and extremely large; efficiently retrieving data remains a challenging problem. In this work, a new way of using the Hadoop platform is proposed. The Hadoop distributed file system is used to store the massive data and construct the data storage model of geological and mineral resources. Using a distributed Hadoop database (HBase) that supports the fast query of a single record, it manages its metadata and retrieves the data of MRPERs quickly. At the same time, a multi-level index directory is designed to support the non-main key query on the HBase. This overcomes the shortcoming that the HBase only supports the simple index based on the main key and realizes the intelligent, efficient retrieval of MRPERs. The validity and feasibility of the proposed method are further verified by experiments using the MRPER data in the Institute of Mineral Resources, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences.
Phyto-fabrication and characterization of silver nanoparticles usingWithania somnifera: Investigating antioxidant potential
Authors: Jabeen Shazina , Qureshi Rahmatullah , Ikram Muhammad , Omar Ahmad A. , Hussain Mujahid , Elnaggar Nehal , Oraby Heshem F.
Published: January 2024

This study aimed to develop a green and safe method for producing silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using the root extract ofWithania somnifera(WS) and evaluate their antioxidant properties. UV-visible spectroscopy revealed a maximum absorption peak at 430 nm. Fourier-transformed infrared spectroscopy confirmed the presence of phenolic coatings on Ws-AgNPs, indicating their role in stabilizing and reducing Ag ions into Ws-AgNPs. Scanning electron microscopy analysis demonstrated that Ws-AgNPs had a spherical shape and a size range of 74–88 nm. Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy analysis confirmed silver as the primary element in Ws-AgNPs. X-ray powder diffraction analysis indicated a face-centered cubic crystalline structure for Ws-AgNPs. The potential antioxidant activities of Ws-AgNPs were evaluated using various scavenging assays. At the highest concentration tested (500 µg/mL), 95 ± 1.3%, 98 ± 1.6%, 76.9 ± 1.44%, and 89.6 ± 1.6% scavenging activities were observed with 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl, 2,2′-azinobis-3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid, phosphomolybdate, and H2O2, respectively. Moreover, the reducing power of Ws-AgNPs was higher than that of the methanolic WS root extract and showed a concentration-dependent trend. In conclusion, the green-synthesized Ws-AgNPs fromW. somniferashowed remarkable antioxidant activity, as evidenced by their low IC50values. Due to these findings, it is suggested that Ws-AgNPs have the potential to be used as potent antioxidant agents in the cosmetic, food, and pharmaceutical industries.
Hydroethanolic extract of Piliostigma thonningii leaves extenuates the severity of diarrhoea in female Wistar rats
Authors: Nurudeen Quadri Olaide , Yusuf Zaharadeen Muhammad , Salimon Saoban Sunkanmi , Falana Mansurat Bolanle , Ayinla Abdul’aziz , Asinmi Muhammed Robiu , Oweh Oghenetega ThankGod , Dikwa Muhammad Ali
Published: January 2024

Objectives

Nigeria ranks second in the global prevalence of diarrhoea with most cases concentrated in the Northern-region of the country. This research explored the antidiarrhoeal efficacy of the hydroethanolic extract of Piliostigma thonningii leaves (HEPTL), locally used to manage diarrhoeal conditions in Kebbi State, Nigeria.

Methods

P. thonningii leaves were screened for their secondary metabolites and mineral constituents. Using 3 standard-diarrhoea models, female Wistar rats completely-randomised into six-groups of six animals each were utilised for probing the antidiarrhoeal activity of HEPTL. Animals in groups I and II served as the negative and positive controls, whereas the rats in groups III, IV and V respectively received 50, 100, and 200 mg/kg body weight-(bw) of HEPTL.

Results

Six secondary metabolites and eight minerals were found in the extract, with flavonoids and calcium being the most abundant while steroids and zinc were the least prevalent, respectively. High performance liquid chromatographic analysis revealed the presence of 19 bioactive substances. Furthermore, there was a significant (p<0.05) and dose-related reduction in diarrhoea onset, water content, and wet faeces count. Similarly, the amount of intestinal fluid and average distance traversed by the charcoal-meal were decreased dose-dependently by the HEPTL with a commensurate rise in the suppression of intestinal fluid accrual and peristalsis. Acetylcholinesterase, Na+/K+-ATPase, reduced glutathione, intestinal-alkaline phosphatase and protein levels increased significantly (p<0.05) whereas superoxide-dismutase, catalase, intestinal-nitric oxide and malondialdehyde levels all fell significantly (p<0.05). However, the level of intestinal glucose was not significantly altered.

Conclusions

Overall, the HEPTL exhibited a profound effect in the alleviation of the severity of diarrhoea, notably at 200 mg/kg bw.
Determination of characteristic properties of Co3O4 loaded LaFe
x
Al12−x
O19 hexaaluminates
Authors: Karaismailoglu Elibol Meltem
Published: January 2024

Hexaaluminates are drawing attention due to their exceptional mechanical and thermal stability. They can be proposed for applications as catalysts or catalyst support materials in high-temperature reactions. In this study, various LaFe
x
Al12−x
O19 samples (x = 0.25, 0.5, 1, and 2) have been synthesized using the sol–gel method. Subsequently, these hexaaluminate samples were impregnated with cobalt oxide to form more active centers on the hexaaluminate support. The influence of the iron (Fe) content on the crystal structure, redox properties, and oxygen immobility has been investigated through X-ray diffraction, hydrogen temperature-programmed reduction, and oxygen temperature-programmed desorption techniques. Among the Co3O4@LaFe
x
Al12−x
O19 samples, those with x ≥ 1 exhibited a hexaaluminate crystalline structure, demonstrating a higher lattice oxygen mobility.
Abraham Halevi Fraenkel, Martin Buber and Adult Education at the Hebrew University
Authors: Cohen-Anzi Rakefet
Published: January 2024

This article examines the adult education program operated by the Hebrew University since 1940. The article depicts Abraham Halevi Fraenkel at its center. Fraenkel’s name as the founder of adult education at the Hebrew University has been almost completely forgotten. I want to return Fraenkel to center stage, and to attempt to connect his activities in Palestine/The Land of Israel to the ideas he brought with him from Germany in the field of adult education. These ideas can be seen as part of his religious and political convictions. Alongside Fraenkel in the leadership of adult education was Martin Buber, who worked from the 1940s to promote adult education at the Hebrew University. Buber’s endeavors in Germany in the field of adult education have been more extensively described in the literature than his role in this field in Israel. New archival material has made it possible to shed additional light both on Fraenkel’s character and on Buber’s undertakings in the 1940s on behalf of adult education in the Yishuv. A comparison between the two personalities reveals some insight into the establishment of adult education from an overall perspective.
Identification of Ceramic Traditions on the Prehistoric Mines of Gavà (Barcelona, Spain)
Authors: Calvo Peña Silvia
Published: January 2024

In recent years, studies focused on Chaîne Opératoire reconstruction of pottery vessels have shown important developments and provided new data related to vessel production and the complexities acquired by prehistoric societies. This research focuses on the pottery vessels discovered at the Mines Prehistóriques de Gavà (Barcelona, Spain), which constitute the earliest evidence of a mining center for variscite during the 4th millennium BC. The main objective of this study is to determine the technological procedures employed in the production of these potteries by identifying the Chaînes Opératoires and establishing their relationship to the site’s context, which is linked to extensive exchanges within the European network. Through a meticulous analysis and comparison of the morpho-typological and technological characteristics of the vessels, we aim to identify different production methods. The findings of this study, along with their reconstruction in techno-stylistic trees, contribute to a deeper understanding and explanation of the variability and technological complexity found in these pottery vessels. This work exposes a novel approach to studying the pottery vessels in Iberian Peninsula by involving the application of archaeometric techniques such as direct macroscopic and microscopic observation traces (using naked eyes; microscopic Dino – Lite), as well as chemical analyses such as petrographically and X-ray diffraction enabling the identification of key mineral components within the clay.
In vitro study on the inflammatory response of chitosan nanoparticles as a potential siRNA carrier targeting towards osteosarcoma cells
Authors: Shanmuga Sundar S. , Natarajan Kannan , Zsolt Sarang , Priya Lakshminarayanan Srimathi , Ayyar Manikandan , Anboo Sasikala , Nissapatorn Veeranoot , Jonna Narendranath , Vasanthapalaniappan Kamalakannan , Packirisamy Rajavelu , Dolma Karma Gyurmey
Published: January 2024

There have been significant developments in the use of siRNA in the silencing of cancer-allied target proteins with substantial apoptotic effects. Nevertheless, the challenges regarding siRNA delivery for cancer therapy remain a major concern for taking these therapies successfully from laboratory to in vivo studies. Biomaterials are defined traditionally as any material that is used for either medical or dental applications that contact the host cells in any form, such as a drug carrier a device, or as a prosthesis towards the replacement of damaged tissues. The main issues to be fulfilled by the biomaterial for clinical applications are biocompatibility, bioactivity, ability to carry drug to target site, inflammatory responses and other factors based on its application. The present study focuses on the in vitro inflammatory response to the CS nanoparticles using RAW 264.7 and bone marrow derived macrophage cells. Additionally, the in vitro release kinetics of siRNA with varying concentrations and pH, transfection efficacy and biocompatibility were also investigated. The results of siRNA cumulative release increased at pH 5 and 3, which may be corresponding to the protonation, and a delayed release was seen at 7, which was ascribed to unprotonated amine groups inside the CS. The results of release kinetics confirmed a sustained release of siRNA from CS NPs. Considering that CS is a biocompatible polymer, it typically has little impact/damage on cells, as numerous researchers have observed during in vitro experiments. Inflammatory studies were carried out in vitro with RAW 264.7 and BMC cells derived from mice. The gene and protein expression studies showed that the materials might cause some slight inflammation on exposure with both RAW 264.7 and BMC cells in vitro, which is completely negligible. However, putting together the overall data it can be concluded that CS NPs can be a promising material for in vivo applications, which is in agreement with the results of other researchers, but the only concern being its ability to carry siRNA and protect it from nuclease and other enzymatic attacks.
Zdrowie fiskalne jednostek samorządu terytorialnego
Authors:   Politechnika Gdańska, Jastrzębska Maria
Published: January 2024

Purpose – The purpose of the article is to identify the essence and determinants of the fiscal health of territorial self‑government units (TSU) in Poland and the scope of its measurement and assessment. Research methods – Descriptive analysis, comparative analysis, and inductive and deductive reasoning were used. Results – A lot of attention has been paid to the issue of financial health and financial stability of territorial self‑government units (TSUs) in the national literature, but the issue of the fiscal health of TSUs is poorly recognized. The authors clarified the essence of TSU fiscal health and classified its determinants, and then proposed a scope for its measurement and assessment. Originality /value /implications /recommendations – Theoretical research was conducted on the essence of TSU fiscal health in the context of financial health and financial resilience of TSU. TSU fiscal health is a less recognized term in the national literature than the term healthy public finances. It refers to but is not identical to, the financial health and financial sustainability of TSUs. In practice, there is a lack of a comprehensive and widely accepted model for measuring and assessing the fiscal health of TSUs, which should be a challenge for researchers seeking to fill this gap.
The Evaluation and Financial Situation Forecast of the Selected Cities of The Eastern Poland
Authors:   Warsaw School of Economics, Sierak Jacek
Published: January 2024

Purpose – The article attempts to answer the question about the current and future financial capabilities of local governments. This study was conducted on the basis of financial situation in 18 cities located in the eastern part of the country, which vary in terms of demographics and functions. Research method – Recognizing and evaluating many processes and financial phenomena occurring in cities is possible due to the financial analysis. Its subject is the diagnosis of their financial situation and the forecast of future money inflows. The analyses’ results, obtained on the basis of the financial forecast model developed with that aim, may constitute a starting point for the local governments’ decisions regarding future financial policies. Results – Maintaining the existing historical trends, resulting in the operational surplus decrease, might cause the limited development potential of the studied cities. In order to counter this situation, it is crucial to take steps to reverse negative identified trends, including the improvement of the net operating result. It seems that in order to achieve that, it is necessary for local governments to take action, and to change central authorities’ policy in relation to the local government subsector. Originality /value /implications /recommendations – Theoretical research was carried out on the financial condition of selected cities in eastern Poland, assessing their current and future financial potential. A financial forecast model was developed and used in the implementation of this research.
Investments in the Industrial and Logistics Real Estate Sector in Poland Compared to the CEE Countries
Authors:   University of Lodz, Wodnicka Monika , Szukalski Stanisław M. ,   University of Lodz
Published: January 2024

Purpose – The aim of this article is to assess Poland’s position and its potential in the light of investments undertaken in the industrial and logistic real estate sector of the Central and Eastern European countries (CEE) as well as to identify the changes contributing to changes within the nature of such investments. Having considered the categories of facilities, supply and demand, also investment capitalization rates and the value of rents the given sector has been subjected to a thorough analysis. Research method – The goal was achieved using quantitative secondary data, also the primary research was conducted among managers using the IDI method. The study was concerned with the trends of changes in the nature of investments in the sector in question in the CEE region in the context of nearshoring, shortening of value chains, and the pandemic. Results – Some mechanisms and determinants, which have been declared important until recently, are insufficient to explain the currently selected options for investments location. The growing popularity of, e.g., q-commerce and the need to provide recipients with the shortest possible delivery time requires the improvement of the supply chain and logistics networks, which is associated with warehouse investments closer to the customer’s location. Originality /value /implications /recommendations – The study concerns an important aspect of investment in service infrastructure. Despite the fact that the Polish commercial real estate market is very popular with foreign investors, mainly from China, the question arises how long Poland will remain the leader in Central and Eastern Europe, taking into account the differences in the capitalization rate or the level of rents in the selected countries.
The Role of a Leader in Creating Business Success in the Example of a Start-up Organization
Authors:   University of Maria Curie-Skłodowska in Lublin, Marzec-Braun Patrycja
Published: January 2024

Purpose – The aim of the article is to identify the desired leadership competencies and behaviors that affect business success, with particular emphasis on innovative start-up organizations. Research method – The publication was created based on the analysis of the existing data. In addition, the quantitative research results (2020–2021) in Lublin Voivodeship were analyzed for the doctoral thesis. The focus was on the competencies and behaviors of start-up leaders/founders that influence success. A survey questionnaire was used in the study. Results – The most crucial task of a leader is to focus on employees, inspire them to carry out tasks according to the organization’s interests, and skillfully use their distinguishing features and competencies. Success in a start-up is possible when its leader/founder focuses on the decision-making process and relational capital and is convinced of the success of the assumed goals. Originality /value /implications /recommendations – The completed research are essential from the perspective of the further search for leadership competencies and behaviors that affect success in various types of organizations, with particular emphasis on modern business models. The use of appropriate competencies and behaviors by the leader/founder of a start-up guarantees: the transition to the next stage of the start-up’s development, increase in its value, increase in the strength of internal relations, implementation of the assumed social goals and deepening cooperation with external stakeholders.
Identification of potential biomarkers for diabetic cardiomyopathy using LC-MS-based metabolomics
Authors: Xiong Run-Qing , Li Yan-Ping , Lin Lu-Ping , Yao Jeng-Yuan
Published: January 2024

Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a serious complication of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) that contributes to cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. However, the metabolic alterations and specific biomarkers associated with DCM in T2DM remain unclear. In this study, we conducted a comprehensive metabolomic analysis using liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC-MS) to investigate the plasma metabolite profiles of T2DM patients with and without DCM. We identified significant differences in metabolite levels between the groups, highlighting the dysregulation of various metabolic pathways, including starch and sucrose metabolism, steroid hormone biosynthesis, tryptophan metabolism, purine metabolism, and pyrimidine metabolism. Although several metabolites showed altered abundance in DCM, they also shared characteristics of DCM and T2DM rather than specific to DCM. Additionally, through biomarker analyses, we identified potential biomarkers for DCM, such as cytidine triphosphate, 11-ketoetiocholanolone, saccharopine, nervonic acid, and erucic acid. These biomarkers demonstrated distinct patterns and associations with metabolic pathways related to DCM. Our findings provide insights into the metabolic changes associated with DCM in T2DM patients and highlight potential biomarkers for further validation and clinical application. Further research is needed to elucidate the underlying mechanisms and validate the diagnostic and prognostic value of these biomarkers in larger cohorts.
Captopril challenge test: an underutilized test in the diagnosis of primary aldosteronism
Authors: Jahan Sharmin , Yang Jun , Hu Jinbo , Li Qifu , Fuller Peter J
Published: January 2024

Primary aldosteronism (PA) is the most common cause of endocrine hypertension and is often underdiagnosed. This condition is associated with increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in comparison to age and blood pressure matched individuals with essential hypertension (EH). The diagnostic pathway for PA consists of three phases: screening, confirmatory testing, and subtyping. The lack of specificity in the screening step, which relies on the aldosterone to renin ratio, necessitates confirmatory testing. The Endocrine Society’s clinical practice guideline suggests four confirmatory tests, including the fludrocortisone suppression test (FST), saline suppression test (SST), captopril challenge test (CCT), and oral sodium loading test (SLT). There is no universally accepted choice of confirmatory test, with practices varying among centers. The SST and FST are commonly used, but they can be resource-intensive, carry risks such as volume overload or hypokalemia, and are contraindicated in severe/uncontrolled HTN as well as in cardiac and renal impairment. In contrast, CCT is a safe and inexpensive alternative that can be performed in an outpatient setting and can be applied when other tests are contraindicated. Despite its simplicity and convenience, the variability in captopril dose, testing posture, and diagnostic threshold limit its widespread use. This narrative review evaluates the diagnostic accuracy of the CCT across different populations, addresses controversies in its usage, and proposes recommendations for its use in the diagnosis of PA. Furthermore, suggestions for future research aimed at promoting the wider utilization of the CCT as a simpler, safer, and more cost-effective diagnostic test are discussed.
Pancreas agenesis and fetal growth: a semiquantitative analysis
Authors: van Poppel Mireille N M , Nolan Christopher J , Desoye Gernot
Published: January 2024

Pancreas agenesis is a rare condition underlying a variant of permanent neonatal diabetes mellitus. Neonates with this condition are born small for gestational age, but less is known about which components of growth are impacted, the timing of the growth restriction and potential sex differences. Our objective was to assess in which periods in gestation complete pancreas agenesis restricts fetal growth and possible sex differences in susceptibility. Published cases (n = 49) with pancreas agenesis providing relevant data (gestational age, fetal sex, birth weight, birth length, head circumference, placental weight) were identified by MEDLINE and secondary literature search covering the years 1950–January 2023. Semiquantitative analysis of these case reports used centiles based on Intergrowth-21 reference charts. Neonates with pancreas agenesis were severely growth restricted; however, median centiles for birth weight, birth length, and head circumference of those born before week 36 were significantly higher compared to those born from 36 weeks. Similar results were found when data were separated by before and from 38 weeks. Head circumference was less affected than birth weight or birth length. No sex differences were found. In conclusion, pancreas agenesis severely restricts fetal length and head circumference in addition to weight growth, with stronger effects evident from 36 weeks of gestation. In addition to the well-known effects of insulin on growth of fetal fat mass, the pronounced effect on birth length and head circumference indicates effects of insulin on fetal lean body growth as well. Lack of power may account for failure to find sex differences.

Significance statement

Neonates with complete pancreas agenesis are born small, but the details of their growth deviation, timing, and potential sex differences remain uncertain. All neonates with pancreas agenesis in our study had reduced birth weight, length, and head circumference, with milder effects in those born before 36 weeks compared to after 36 weeks. This trend persisted when data were separated into before and after 38 weeks, with no discernible sex differences. The absence of the pancreas, and therefore insulin, significantly reduces fetal growth, especially after 36 weeks of gestation. In addition to insulin’s known role in fetal fat mass, our findings suggest it has a substantial influence on birth length and head circumference, underscoring its impact on fetal lean body growth.
The diagnostic value of GICA used for intraoperative lymph node FNA-Tg measurement to evaluate thyroid cancer metastases
Authors: Hou Shaodong , Sun Yiceng , Yang Zeyu , Tang Mi , Yin Tingjie , Shao Cong , Yan Cunye , Mo Linlong , Yuan Yuquan , Yin Supeng , Zhang Fan
Published: January 2024

Objective

It is crucial to diagnose lymph node (LN) metastases (LNM) before or during thyroid carcinoma surgery. Measurement of thyroglobulin (Tg) in the fine needle aspirate washout (FNA-Tg) is useful to assist in the diagnosis of LNM for papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). This study aimed to assess the diagnostic performance of a new technique based on a colloidal gold-based immunochromatographic assay (GICA) for intraoperative FNA-Tg in diagnosing LNM.

Clinical trial information

This study is registered with chictr.org.cn, ID: ChiCTR2200063561 (registered 11 September, 2022).

Methods

This prospective study enrolled 51 PTC patients who underwent cervical LN dissection. A total of 150 LNs dissected from the central and lateral compartments were evaluated by FNA-Tg-GICA at three different time points and compared with frozen sections and the conventional Tg measurement method electrochemiluminescence immunoassay (ECLIA). Receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) and area under the curve (AUC), cutoff value to discriminate benign and malignant LNs, sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy were provided.

Results

The cutoff value of FNA-Tg to predict LNM was 110.83 ng/mL for ECLIA and 13.19 ng/mL, 38.69 ng/mL, and 77.17 ng/mL for GICA at 3, 10, and 15 min, respectively. There was no significant difference between the AUCs of GICA at different time points compared to using ECLIA and frozen sections. Besides, the diagnostic performance of GICA and ECLIA showed no significant difference in evaluating LNM from central and lateral compartments or between the TgAb-positive subgroup and TgAb-negative subgroup.

Conclusion

GICA is a promising method for intraoperative FNA-Tg measurement and has high value in predicting LNM. It may be a novel alternative or supplementary method to frozen section or ECLIA.
Martwe prawo – kilka uwag w kontekście art. 12 ustawy o przejęciu przez państwo dóbr martwej ręki
Authors: Bojanowski Tomasz
Published: January 2024

Przedmiotem niniejszego artykułu jest analiza art. 12 ustawy z dnia 20 marca 1950 r. o przejęciu przez Państwo dóbr martwej ręki, poręczeniu proboszczom posiadania gospodarstw rolnych i utworzeniu Funduszu Kościelnego oraz wykazanie, że niniejszy przepis był w praktyce martwym prawem. Autor omawia w niniejszej pracy tło historyczne, cel oraz motywacje ustawodawcy, które przyświecały mu podczas konstruowania tego przepisu. Następnie odpowiada na pytanie, czy wskazana przez ustawodawcę potrzeba wprowadzenia przedmiotowej regulacji rzeczywiście istniała i czy de facto uzasadnione było jej wprowadzenie. W dalszej kolejności nakreśla, czy wskazana regulacja rzeczywiście odpowiadała tej potrzebie w adekwatny sposób, omawiając przy tym kwestie znamion przedmiotowych i podmiotowych. Dalej autor z uwagi na to, że przepis w praktyce nigdy nie został wykorzystany, ogranicza się do analizy adekwatności ustawowego zagrożenia do abstrakcyjnie ujętej społecznej szkodliwości, wskazując przy tym, że art. 12 u.d.m.r. w istocie jest martwym prawem, ponieważ nigdy nie został zastosowany przez sąd. W podsumowaniu dokonuje ostatecznej oceny regulacji oraz przyrównuje ją do prawa stanowionego w dobie pandemii.  W niniejszej pracy zastosowano metodę dogmatyczną polegającą na egzegezie i interpretacji wybranych przepisów oraz uzupełniająco syntezie doktryny i orzecznictwa. Pomocniczo wykorzystana została także metody aksjologiczna i historyczno-prawna.
Sprawa zabójstwa Iwony Cygan – analiza błędów w śledztwie w aspekcie kryminalistycznym
Authors: Bednarz Wiktoria
Published: January 2024

Artykuł dotyczy sprawy zabójstwa Iwony Cygan. Jest ona skomplikowana ze względu na dużą liczbę błędów, które zostały popełnione podczas prowadzenia śledztwa. Do pierwszych zaniechań doszło już w momencie zgłoszenia zaginięcia dziewczyny. Natomiast kolejne czynności, które podejmowali policjanci, technicy oraz prokuratorzy miały wpływ na przeciągające się zakończenie sprawy. W czasie śledztwa naruszono wiele procedur przeprowadzanych czynności. Nie stosowano się do przepisów i wytycznych. Wielokrotnie dochodziło do zniszczenia materiału dowodowego lub jego zaginięcia. W publikacji zawarto porównanie popełnionych błędów ze wzorcowym przeprowadzeniem danych czynności.
АПАРАТНО-ПРОГРАМНИЙ КОМПЛЕКС ДЛЯ МОНІТОРИНГУ ТЕРОРИСТИЧНОЇ АКТИВНОСТІ
Authors: Старченко В’ячеслав Володимирович
Published: January 2024

У сучасному світі кількість смертей та інцидентів у результаті тероризму вже перевищило число жертв будь-якої іншої форми та продовжує збільшуватися. У зв’язку з можливою легалізацією в Україні стрілецької зброї виникає нагальна необхідність у автоматизованих системах моніторингу терористичної активності. Головна задача таких систем – за допомогою акустичних датчиків оперативно виявляти факти пострілів та вибухів, визначати їх координати та повідомляти служби забезпечення безпеки населення. Розроблений апаратно-програмний комплекс має зіркову архітектуру, складається з декількох сенсорних кластерів та головного серверу. Кожен сенсорний кластер включає до себе три звукових сенсори розташованих на місцевості, контролер керування на базі мікропроцесору Arduino та кластерний сервер. До складу кожного сенсору входить мікрофон із низьким рівнем шуму, підсилювач та лінійний перетворювач цифрового сигналу. Головною задачею кластерного сервера є класифікація та локалізація у просторі джерела гучного імпульсного звуку. У випадку виявлення факту пострілу або вибуху, інформація про нього оперативно передається до відповідних служб забезпечення безпеки населення. Локалізація у просторі джерела гучного імпульсного звуку виконується методом геометричної тріангуляції за результатами аналізу даних від акустичних сенсорів. У результаті попередніх випробувань прототипу системи була досягнута точність локалізації місця пострілу біля 10 м при рознесенні сенсорів на відкритій місцевості більш ніж на 800 м.
THE DEVELOPMENT OF AGROTOURISM IN AZERBAIJAN: BASED ON THE ITALIAN EXPERIENCE
Authors: Hasanzadeh Mirali
Published: January 2024

Agrotourism, an innovative type of rural tourism, is growing quickly across the world. Agrotourism is seen as a vital factor in increasing farmer prosperity, boosting economic growth, and improving the general quality of life in remote areas by visitors’ incoming. Promoting this type of tourism in Western European nations has been a main goal as attaining long-term growth and started developing during the 1960s. Azerbaijan's principal priority is the sustainable development of diverse economic sectors, and increasing agrotourism stands out as a vital goal within this context. This article investigates Italian viewpoints regarding agrotourism and strategies to implement and promote its growth, as well as, submit proposals for the expansion of agrotourism and policy implementation in Azerbaijan. The study encompassed in-depth information on the Azerbaijani tourism industry, including programs implemented through cooperation between governmental and non-governmental organizations to promote advancement of agrotourism. The exploration bases its findings on recent investigations, information from statistics, and research papers.
INTERNATIONAL TRADE POLICIES AND MARKETS
Authors: Qose Enea , Dibra Rezart
Published: January 2024

In this paper, is presented an overview of the evolution of international trade, emphasizing its role in enabling the international division of labor and a brief examination between Albania and Western Balkan countries foreign trade. The development of foreign trade is intrinsically linked to liberalization, which, in turn, fosters connectivity and mutual economic interdependence among nations. The performance exhibited in both exports and imports plays an important role in fostering sustainable development within the country's economy. Active engagement in these initiatives broadens Albania economy specialization possibilities but, simultaneously, necessitates a commitment to enhancing competitiveness. This development has been shaped by economic, social, political, and cultural factors, with significant advancements in recent decades due to industrialization, advanced transportation, globalization, and the emergence of multinational corporations. Trade indicators for each country serve as a reflection of economic development and mutual benefit. The international markets of foreign countries serve as platforms for both generating additional income through exports and fulfilling the domestic economy's requirements through imports.
EMPOWERING SMALL BUSINESSES IN GEORGIA: ACCESS TO FINANCE, ECONOMIC RESILIENCE, AND SUSTAINABLE GROWTH
Authors: Surmanidze Natia , Beridze Mariam , Amashukeli Maia , Tskhadadze Keti
Published: January 2024

The role of small businesses in the global economy is pivotal, characterized by their flexibility, rapid adaptability, and significant contribution to job creation. Small businesses worldwide often need help securing funding, particularly in regions with the most pronounced financing gap. The article discusses small business financing, emphasizing the importance of capital access and the challenges posed by limited options. The COVID-19 impact underscores the critical role of financial support for small business resilience. Georgia serves as a case study, exemplifying the concerted efforts of government agencies and international organizations in promoting small business development. The article examines initiatives like "Enterprise Georgia," the Rural Development Agency, and the Innovation and Technology Agency. The banking sector's role in facilitating small business growth and the significance of financial awareness initiatives is examined. The article highlights various measures, including the credit guarantee scheme and commercial banks' role in enhancing financial access and awareness. Green banking and capital market development for sustainable economic growth are emerging priorities. Green financing initiatives and partnerships with organizations like the Fund for Green Growth exemplify a growing commitment to sustainability.However, the article also emphasizes the need for a comprehensive approach to capital market development in Georgia to diversify financing sources and reduce reliance on the banking sector. In summary, this article underscores the indispensable role of access to finance in sustaining small businesses worldwide, focusing on the proactive efforts and collaborative endeavors in Georgia, providing a blueprint for enhancing small business development and financial sustainability.
ENTRE EIXOS: FILOSOFIA NO ENEM A PARTIR DAS ORIENTAÇÕES COMPLEMENTARES AOS PARÂMETROS CURRICULARES NACIONAIS (PCN+)
Authors: MACEDO ESTER PEREIRA NEVES DE
Published: January 2024

RESUMO: Este artigo analisa os eixos temáticos que as Orientações Complementares aos Parâmetros Curriculares Nacionais (PCN+) apresentam para a filosofia no ensino médio, de forma a verificar como esses eixos se materializaram em situações-problemas em itens de filosofia ao longo dos vinte anos entre a criação do exame, em 1998, e a publicação da Base Nacional Comum Curricular, em 2018. Para esta pesquisa, foram examinadas as edições do Exame Nacional do Ensino Médio (Enem) entre 1998 e 2018 e identificados 73 itens de Ciências Humanas com temáticas e abordagens compatíveis com o ensino de filosofia nesta etapa. Para cada um desses itens, buscou-se identificar qual aspecto dos PCN+ para a filosofia foi mobilizado, tabulando-se os quantitativos totais para cada um dos elementos acionados dos PCN+ para filosofia ao longo de vinte edições do exame. Por meio de uma análise da evolução de quantitativo e cobertura de itens de filosofia ao longo dessas duas décadas, este artigo ilustra alguns desafios e possibilidades que o exame oferece à implementação de referenciais curriculares. Tal discussão é particularmente importante neste momento em que se pensa na construção de um novo Enem a partir do Novo Ensino Médio e da nova Base Nacional Comum Curricular (BNCC), especialmente considerando a ênfase que os PCN+ e o Enem bem como a BNCC e a lei do Novo Ensino Médio dão a conceitos como integração, interdisciplinaridade e autonomia como forma de superar a fragmentação, seja entre conhecimentos, seja entre sujeitos, seja entre teoria e prática. Ao final, apresentam-se algumas indicações sobre como essas reflexões contribuem para sinalizar pontos de atenção em relação à presença da filosofia no exame, tendo em vista sua iminente reformulação a partir da BNCC.
Passado e presente em 2014 As disputas públicas das memórias da ditadura e da redemocratização no Brasil e em Portugal
Authors: PERLATTO Fernando , REZOLA Maria Inácia
Published: January 2024

Resumo Apesar do progresso nos estudos sobre justiça de transição, pouca atenção tem sido dada às disputas que se travam a esse respeito no âmbito da imprensa nos diferentes países que lidam com passados ditatoriais e transições políticas conflituais. Da mesma forma, na abundante literatura sobre os processos de democratização português e brasileiro, é assinalável a ausência de estudos que examinem comparativamente os dois casos. Com este artigo, propomo-nos contribuir para reduzir essas lacunas através de uma análise comparativa das disputas públicas das memórias de transição que tiveram como palco os jornais portugueses e brasileiros. Para proceder a essa abordagem, selecionamos para a análise o ano de 2014, um momento histórico marcado tanto pela exacerbação da crise política nos dois países quanto pela rememoração dos 40 anos da Revolução de Abril e dos 50 anos do golpe civil-militar de 1964. Ao analisarmos os principais títulos da imprensa de Portugal e do Brasil nesse ano “quente” de 2014 (Público, Diário de Notícias e Expresso em Portugal; Folha de São Paulo, O Globo e O Estado de São Paulo no Brasil), buscaremos perceber como a imprensa participou das disputas de memórias, referendando determinadas narrativas sobre as ditaduras e a redemocratização nesses dois países.
Past and Present in 2014 Public Disputes over the Memories of the Dictatorship and the Redemocratization in Brazil and Portugal
Authors: PERLATTO Fernando , REZOLA Maria Inácia
Published: January 2024

Abstract Despite notable progress in studies on transitional justice, insufficient attention has been directed toward the disputes on the matter that unfold within the press in the different countries that are faced with dictatorial pasts and conflictual political transitions. Similarly, the extensive body of work on democratization processes in Portugal and Brazil shows a remarkable absence of comparative studies contrasting these two cases. This article aims to address these gaps through a comparative analysis of public disputes over memories of the transition that took place in the Portuguese and Brazilian press. We have chosen to examine the pivotal year of 2014, a historical moment marked by heightened political crises in both countries, coinciding with the commemoration of the forty-year anniversary of the April Revolution and the fifty-year anniversary of the civil-military coup of 1964. By analysing prominent media outlets during that “hot” year (Público, Diário de Notícias, and Expresso in Portugal; Folha de São Paulo, O Globo, and O Estado de São Paulo in Brazil), we seek to elucidate the role the press played in memory disputes, especially by endorsing certain narratives about the dictatorships and the redemocratization processes in these two countries.
O “velho” e o “novo” na canção portuguesa Amália Rodrigues, o fado e o canto de intervenção na Revolução dos Cravos
Authors: MARTINHO Francisco Palomanes
Published: January 2024

Resumo A partir de finais da década de 1960, o fado e sua principal intérprete, Amália Rodrigues, foram identificados com o atraso político, econômico e cultural do Estado Novo português. Por um lado, o gênero musical era convidativo à resignação e ao conformismo; por outro, Amália era vista como adepta e colaboradora da ditadura de Oliveira Salazar e Marcello Caetano. Em substituição ao fado, uma nova canção, conhecida como “canto de intervenção”, ganhava crescente simpatia, sobretudo entre as juventudes universitárias e os segmentos de oposição. O presente artigo tem por objetivo analisar, por um lado, o gradual isolamento do fado e de Amália Rodrigues entre a crise do regime autoritário português e o processo revolucionário que se seguiu ao golpe de 25 de Abril de 1974; por outro, o papel do “canto de intervenção” como resultado de uma nova estética adequada aos valores do Estado revolucionário.
As políticas do “bem-estar” no império português em África (Anos 1960)
Authors: JERÓNIMO Miguel Bandeira
Published: January 2024

Resumo Após a Segunda Guerra Mundial (1939-1945), com modos e alcances diversos, os projectos imperiais e coloniais europeus revelaram dinâmicas de inovação institucional, administrativa e ideológica, visando responder aos múltiplos obstáculos que se colocavam à sua legitimidade e continuidade. O escrutínio crítico dos seus modi operandi intensificou-se, envolvendo um número crescente de indivíduos, grupos e redes operando em contextos diversos, com motivações e objectivos distintos. As pressões para a renovação ou para o desmantelamento das soluções imperiais e coloniais multiplicaram-se. Acompanhando essas transformações, por vezes antecipando-as, em outras agindo de um modo essencialmente reactivo, as autoridades imperiais e coloniais imaginaram e desenvolveram novos idiomas e repertórios de administração. Estes foram marcados por argumentários e planos de desenvolvimento e modernização societal e, ainda, por novas políticas da diferença, produzindo renovados mecanismos de regulação, inclusão e exclusão social, política e económica. Este texto analisa uma dessas manifestações, a emergência do “colonialismo de bem-estar” no império colonial português, colocando-o num contexto internacional relevante, incluindo de cariz interimperial. O texto aborda sobretudo a “província ultramarina” de Angola e foca-se, no essencial, no domínio do trabalho, mostrando como as orientações desenvolvimentistas e de “bem-estar” foram profundamente condicionadas por (e assim se tornaram úteis para) preocupações securitárias.
Para além de Raymond Aron A primeira recepção de Dilthey na França
Authors: MACHADO Hallhane
Published: January 2024

Resumo Este artigo tem como tema a recepção de Wilhelm Dilthey na França, na primeira metade do século XX. Não se trata, contudo, de uma exposição da obra do seu mais célebre comentador francês do período, Raymond Aron. Apresenta-se em linhas gerais a recepção de Dilthey na obra de Alexandre Koyré, historiador das ciências e também da filosofia, das religiões e do misticismo especulativo alemão. Próximo de Raymond Aron e de Bernard Groethuysen, outro leitor e comentador diltheyano ignorado, Koyré foi marcado pela obra de Dilthey, o que é atestado pelos trabalhos que escreveu diretamente sobre este autor, bem como por aqueles nos quais seu nome não aparece, e sobre a história do misticismo especulativo alemão e a história das ciências. A aparente estranheza dessa aproximação nos mostra a complexidade da recepção de Dilthey na França e a necessidade de alargarmos seu campo de análise para além dos trabalhos de Aron.
Un artista entre España y América El pintor José Luis “Pasajes” y su compromiso con el arte durante la República y el franquismo
Authors: BOCANEGRA BARBECHO Lidia , GUASCH MARÍ Yolanda , OLIVIERI Chiara
Published: January 2024

Resumen El artículo analiza la vida, el exilio y la obra artística del pintor republicano José Luis Fernández Martínez (pintor Sarralde-“Pasajes”) bajo el gobierno republicano y el sucesivo régimen franquista. Alistado como voluntario en el ejército de la República, fue afectado en la Sección de Cultura del Comisariado General de Guerra trabajando codo a codo con otros artistas; sobrevivió a los vencedores enmascarando su pasado durante la posguerra y haciendo frente a los estragos de una España ennegrecida durante la etapa del primer franquismo. Tuvo la suerte de viajar a América muy pronto, en 1945, y la osadía, de cara al gobierno franquista, de entablar amistad con exiliados republicanos en México, en donde se casó y formó familia. Desde entonces y durante largos años residió entre las dos orillas. Su pincel retrató a ilustres personajes del ámbito de la cultura y política durante el gobierno republicano, el régimen franquista y la república de México; pero también aquellos otros exiliados republicanos o personajes afines a la causa en América. Fue único en conectar uno y otro mundo, tan distintos, gracias a su arte.
Controle democrático e segurança Nacional Serviços de inteligência nos Estados Unidos (1972-1980)
Authors: RODRIGUEZ Júlio , CEPIK Marco
Published: January 2024

Resumo Neste artigo, analisamos as vicissitudes do controle democrático das atividades governamentais de inteligência nos Estados Unidos entre 1972 e 1980. Durante a fase anterior da Guerra Fria (1947-1971), a alta polarização sistêmica entre os Estados Unidos e a União Soviética, juntamente com a expansão da capacidade estatal e dos conflitos sociais internos nos EUA, condicionaram diretamente a formação de um complexo sistema nacional de organizações e atividades de inteligência nos dois países. Nos anos 1970, a estabilização estratégica das relações entre os EUA e a URSS (détente) dependeu também do desenvolvimento tecnológico da coleta de inteligência de comunicações, sinais e imagens por meio de satélites. A vigilância policial e militar de dissidentes internos e a crise política crescente até o final do governo Nixon criaram as condições para uma tentativa inédita e consistente de exercício do controle externo democrático das atividades de inteligência por parte dos Poderes Legislativo e Judiciário. O recrudescimento da Guerra Fria a partir de 1980 e a eleição de Reagan marcam o início de uma reversão parcial nos controles. Em menos de uma década, uma democracia altamente institucionalizada como a norte-americana fez grandes esforços e teve muitas dificuldades para regular e controlar as atividades de inteligência.