bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Leer el mundo desde la cuna. Una reflexión acerca de las políticas públicas que favorecen la educación de las y los más pequeños
Authors: Labarta Liliana
Published: January 2025

La valoración de las posibilidades educativas de una niña/o desde su nacimiento no ha sido siempre así. Es necesario revisar el contrato fundacional del Jardín Maternal que nace como una institución que “resolvía el cuidado del niño” mientras la madre trabajaba.En este sentido se plantean dos aspectos centrales: Por un lado, es hoy la niña/o, el centro de la escena educativa, desde el momento de su nacimiento se inicia en el conocimiento del mundo. Por otro lado, son las políticas públicas planificadas las que favorecen o inhiben la oportunidad educativa de las/o los niña/os pequeñas/os.Estas dos variables se juegan a la hora de decidir las oportunidades y circunstancias educativas de un/a niño/a pequeño/a ya que si bien legalmente, el Jardín Maternal forma parte del sistema educativo nacional, nos encontramos con grandes desigualdades a nivel país en este aspecto. Se requiere necesariamente una articulación pedagógico didáctica con un campo político administrativo.
Homological Algebra of Nakayama Algebras and 321-Avoiding Permutation
Authors: Chavli Eirini , Marczinzik Rene
Published: January 2025

Linear Nakayama algebras over a field $K$ are in natural bijection to Dyck paths and Dyck paths are in natural bijection to 321-avoiding permutations via the Billey-Jockusch-Stanley bijection. Thus to every 321-avoiding permutation $\pi$ we can associate in a natural way a linear Nakayama algebra $A_{\pi}$.We give a homological interpretation of the fixed points statistic of 321-avoiding permutations using Nakayama algebras with a linear quiver. We furthermore show that the space of self-extensions for the Jacobson radical of a linear Nakayama algebra $A_{\pi}$ is isomorphic to $K^{\mathfrak{s}(\pi)}$, where $\mathfrak{s}(\pi)$ is defined as the cardinality $k$ such that $\pi$ is the minimal product of transpositions of the form $s_i=(i,i+1)$ and $k$ is the number of distinct $s_i$ that appear.
Kromatic Quasisymmetric Functions
Authors: Marberg Eric
Published: January 2025

We provide a construction for the kromatic symmetric function $\overline{X}_G$ of a graph introduced by Crew, Pechenik, and Spirkl using combinatorial (linearly compact) Hopf algebras. As an application, we show that $\overline{X}_G$ has a positive expansion into multifundamental quasisymmetric functions. We also study two related quasisymmetric $q$-analogues of $\overline{X}_G$, which are $K$-theoretic generalizations of the quasisymmetric chromatic function of Shareshian and Wachs. We classify exactly when one of these analogues is symmetric. For the other, we derive a positive expansion into symmetric Grothendieck functions when $G$ is the incomparability graph of a natural unit interval order.
Effect of wind speed on evaporation rate in air conditioner based desalination units
Authors: Sulistiono Ibnu , Mugisidi Dan , Nurkholid  , Oktarina Heriyani
Published: January 2025

Due to environmental changes, ensuring access to clean water is challenging for many regions. This study examines how wind speed influences seawater evaporation rates in a desalination system. Conducted indoors, the research varied wind speeds (0.6 m/s, 0.7 m/s, and 0.8 m/s) while maintaining a consistent temperature. A modified window Air Conditioner (AC) served as the evaporation unit, with its condenser immersed in water to utilize released heat, and its evaporator used as a condenser. Water temperature was maintained at 60-70°C. Results demonstrated a significant increase in evaporation rates with higher wind speeds. The strong correlation between experimental and theoretical results underscores wind speed as a critical factor in enhancing freshwater production efficiency from seawater. These insights inform the design of more effective desalination systems, offering potential solutions to water scarcity challenges in vulnerable regions
Расширение когнитивных способностей: философские импликации цифрового бессмертия
Authors: Сметана В.В.
Published: January 2025

Данная статья посвящена философскому исследованию расширения когнитивных способностей человека в контексте развития цифровых технологий и концепции цифрового бессмертия. В работе анализируется эволюция представлений о когнитивных способностях, начиная от классической философии разума и заканчивая современной когнитивной наукой и нейрофилософией. Особое внимание уделяется анализу различных технологий расширения когнитивных способностей:нейроинтерфейсов, ноотропов, генетической модификации и искусственного интеллекта. Рассматриваются как потенциальные выгоды этих технологий (улучшение памяти, обучения, интеллекта и творчества), так и связанные с ними риски и этические проблемы (когнитивное неравенство, утрата индивидуальности, контроль над сознанием). В контексте цифрового бессмертия исследуется трансформация человеческого сознания и потенциал для создания новых форм интеллекта. Анализируются философские импликации расширения когнитивных способностей в рамках таких течений, как трансгуманизм, постгуманизм, технооптимизм и технопессимизм. Отдельная глава посвящена концепции коллективного разума, его философским и социальным измерениям. Рассматриваются потенциальные выгоды объединения умов для решения глобальных проблем, а также риски и вызовы, связанные с формированием коллективного разума (потеря индивидуальности, конформизм, манипуляция). Статья представляет собой междисциплинарное исследование, объединяющее философию, этику, когнитивную науку и футурологию. Она вносит вклад в развитие философии технологий, трансгуманизма и постгуманизма, а также способствует осмыслению перспектив человечества в эпоху цифровых технологий и расширения когнитивных способностей.
НОВОЕ МЕСТНОЕ ГЕМОСТАТИЧЕСКОЕ СРЕДСТВО: СТРУКТУРА И СВОЙСТВА
Authors: Майстренко Д.Н. , Евтушенко В.И. , Георгобиани В.В. , Николаев Д.Н. , Попова А.А.
Published: January 2025

Получено эффективное местное гемостатическое средство на основе модифицированной пленки хитозана с повышенной адгезией к влажной раневой поверхности, не требующее дополнительных материалов для его фиксации. Поликомпозитная пленка, полученная методом высушивания, является биодеградируемой, обладает хорошими гемостатическими свойствами, сильной адгезией к раневой поверхности, эластичностью и прозрачностью. Данное медицинское изделие является универсальным и подходит как для наружных ранений, так и для интраоперационного применения при работе с паренхиматозными органами и сосудами.
Anhedonia relates to reduced striatal reward anticipation in depression but not in schizophrenia or bipolar disorder: A transdiagnostic study
Authors: Daniels Anna , Wellan Sarah A. , Beck Anne , Erk Susanne , Wackerhagen Carolin , Romanczuk-Seiferth Nina , Schwarz Kristina , Schweiger Janina I. , Meyer-Lindenberg Andreas , Heinz Andreas , Walter Henrik
Published: January 2025

Anhedonia, i.e., the loss of pleasure or lack of reactivity to reward, is a core symptom of major psychiatric conditions. Altered reward processing in the striatum has been observed across mood and psychotic disorders, but whether anhedonia transdiagnostically contributes to these deficits remains unclear. We investigated associations between self-reported anhedonia and neural activation during reward anticipation and consumption across patients with schizophrenia (SZ), bipolar disorder (BD), major depressive disorder (MD), and healthy controls (HC). Using the Monetary Incentive Delay paradigm, we acquired functional magnetic resonance imaging data sets in 227 participants (18–65 years), including patients with SZ (n = 44), BD (n = 47), MD (n = 56), and HC (n = 80). To capture anhedonia, three items of the Symptom Checklist-90-R were entered into exploratory factor analysis, which resulted in a single anhedonia factor. Associations between anhedonia and neural activation were assessed within a striatal region-of-interest and exploratorily across the whole brain (p
FWE < .05). Self-reported anhedonia was high in MD, low in HC, and intermediate in SZ and BD. During reward anticipation, anhedonia correlated with reduced striatal activation; however, the correlation depended on diagnostic group. Specifically, the effect was driven by a negative relationship between anhedonia and dorsal striatal (putamen) activity within the MD group; for reward consumption, no correlations were found. Our results indicate that anticipatory anhedonia in MD may relate to reduced behavioral motivation via disrupted encoding of motor plans in the dorsal striatum. Future transdiagnostic research should stratify participants by anhedonia levels to achieve more homogeneous samples in terms of underlying neurobiology.
Validation of an online imitation-inhibition task
Authors: Westfal Mareike , Cracco Emiel , Crusius Jan , Genschow Oliver
Published: January 2025

People automatically imitate a wide range of different behaviors. One of the most commonly used measurement methods to assess imitative behavior is the imitation-inhibition task (Brass et al., 2000). A disadvantage of its original form is, however, that it was validated for laboratory settings—a time-consuming and costly procedure. Here, we present an approach for conducting the imitation-inhibition task in online settings. We programmed the online version of the imitation-inhibition task in JavaScript and implemented the task in online survey software (i.e., Qualtrics). We validated the task in four experiments. Experiment 1 (N = 88) showed that the typical automatic imitation effects can be detected with good psychometric properties. Going one step further, Experiment 2 (N = 182) directly compared the online version of the imitation-inhibition task with its laboratory version and demonstrated that the online version produces similar strong and reliable effects. In Experiments 3 and 4, we assessed typical moderator effects that were previously reported in laboratory settings: Experiment 3 (N = 93) demonstrated that automatic imitation can be reliably detected in online settings even when controlling for spatial compatibility. Experiment 4 (N = 104) found, in line with previous research, that individuals imitate hand movements executed by a robot less strongly than movements executed by a human. Taken together, the results show that the online version of the imitation-inhibition task offers an easy-to-use method that enables the measurement of automatic imitation with common online survey software tools in a reliable and valid fashion.
ERROR ANALYSIS OF THE MULTI-STAGE METHOD OF DETERMINING THE TRAJECTORY PARAMETERS OF LOW-ORBITAL SPACE OBJECTS DURING EXPERIMENTAL TESTING OF INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION CONTROL SYSTEMS AND SPACE ENVIRONMENT ANALYSIS
Authors: Rieznikov Yu. , Orlov S. , Titov I.
Published: January 2025

The repulsion of large-scale Russian aggression and other existing threats in the sphere of national security and defense of Ukraine require the accelerated development of space information technologies in the state and determine the urgent need to improve the organization of the use of space technologies in the interests of defense, the creation of the necessary organizational structures, the deployment of modern information and communication systems with the aim of increasing space situational awareness. One of the main tasks of space situational awareness is the necessary level of knowledge about outer space, the characteristics of space objects of various origins, previous, current and projected knowledge about the parameters of their orbital motion. This task becomes particularly relevant due to the adversary's use of its space means of special and radio- technical intelligence and means of commercial organization, including microsatellites, as a result of which there is a need to control the routes of the passage of surveillance satellites with the subsequent development of plans for camouflage and other types of countermeasures and protection of troops. The article formulates the task of evaluating the effectiveness of information and communication systems that are being improved as part of conducting experimental tests as part of the System of Control and Analysis of the Space Situation, which are based on algorithms for processing the results of optical observations for maintaining a catalog of space objects. The value of the systematic errors of the initial determination of the motion parameters of a low-orbit circum-circular space object based on the results of optical observations using a multi-stage method based on the approximation of measurements by a circular model and consistent evaluation of planar and in-plane parameters of the orbit was evaluated. Methodological errors introduced when describing the circular motion model of a low-orbit space object along an elliptical trajectory with a small eccentricity are: according to the parameters of the orbit plane, up to 0,80; by period - up to 4 minutes; by the latitude argument – 0,2. In the case when the observation interval does not exceed 1 minute, the maximum errors in angular parameters do not exceed 0,1, which is quite acceptable for solving practical tasks of determining the orbits of small space objects. The systematic error of the period estimation can be compensated by joint processing of the results of optical observations on different turns of the flight.
ANALYSIS OF METHODS AND TOOLS FOR MONITORING THE TECHNICAL CONDITION AND FAILURE RESILIENCE OF UNMANNED AVIATION COMPLEXES
Authors: Kamak Yu.
Published: January 2025

Unmanned aerial systems are now widely used, which is fully correlated with the growth of the global market for their production. A separate segment of it is the military UAV market, the growth driver of which is the growth of demand in conditions of increased geopolitical tension and aggravation of military conflicts. With the increase in the number and diversity of UAVs, their development is increasingly focused on increasing reliability and safety. In this regard, the issue of ensuring the reliability of drones is becoming key and requires modern solutions. The purpose of the article is to generalize and comparative analysis of modern methods and means of monitoring the technical condition and reliability of UAVs. The article describes the global market for unmanned aerial systems, identifies the main factors that led to their loss of reliability during 2007-2024 according to the Drone Wars UK organization. It is proven that the dynamics of events of loss of reliability of unmanned aerial systems adopted by the US Army (by type) actually reflects the stages of their life cycle, the acquisition of stability of design solutions and the renewal (replacement with newer ones) of their fleet. A comparative analysis of the modern practice of organizing monitoring of the technical condition and reliability of unmanned aviation systems using the example of American, Iranian and Turkish unmanned aviation systems was carried out, which made it possible to assess the progressiveness of such systems. The features of the methods and means of monitoring the technical condition and reliability of unmanned aviation complexes were considered using the object and organizational approaches, the decomposition principle. The possibility of adapting the RAMS methodology and HUMS technology for a comprehensive assessment of the technical condition and reliability of unmanned aviation systems was substantiated. The methods and means of predicting the increase in the reliability of unmanned aviation systems were characterized. The features of monitoring the reliability of manned aircraft and unmanned aviation systems in Ukraine were determined, the need for its improvement was emphasized, and practical recommendations were provided.
THE METHOD FOR CALCULATING THE SCATTERING CHARACTERISTICS OF A MIRROR ANTENNA LOCATED UNDER A RADIOTRANSPARENT FAIRING
Authors: Riapolov I. , Nechitaylo S. , Kostrikov O.
Published: January 2025

Mirror antennas with a dielectric fairing are used in many types of equipment, such as aircraft, guided missiles, unmanned aerial vehicles and ships. The main purpose of their application is to ensure high efficiency of radar and communication equipment in difficult operating conditions. The use of a dielectric fairing minimises signal loss by reducing the impact of external factors such as air resistance, rain or dust and ensures long-term performance in harsh climatic conditions such as high winds or low temperatures. Mirror antennas with dielectric fairings can operate in different frequency bands, which allows them to be used simultaneously for several tasks: navigation, communication, target detection, flight correction, etc. Such antenna can contribute to the overall scattered field. This paper describes a method that allows estimating the secondary radiation of a mirror antenna under a radiotransparent fairing and takes into account the reflection between the antenna aperture and the fairing. The field scattered by the antenna is the sum of the field transmitted to the mirror directly through the illuminated surface of the fairing and the field that hits the mirror after a single reflection from the inner surface of the fairing. The total scattered field is a superposition of the fields reflected from the outer surface of the fairing, reflected from the antenna mirror, which passed directly through the radiotransparent fairing, and the field that hit the antenna mirror when reflected from the inner part of the fairing. In this paper, we consider a single reflection from the internal parts of the presented antenna-surround system.
The method is based on the use of the integral representation for the total field obtained by applying Lorentz's lemma to the desired total field and the auxiliary field generated by an electric dipole located at the observation point in the presence of only the fairing. To find the auxiliary field scattered by the fairing alone, which is included in the integral representation, the method uses the geometric optics approximation, which takes into account a single reflection from the inner surface of the fairing.
Taking into account the electromagnetic interactions between the antenna and the fairing allows us to calculate the effective scattering surface of the antenna-fairing system and the effective scattering surface of the entire object on which the antenna and the fairing are located much more accurately.
DESENVOLVENDO COMPETÊNCIAS GLOBAIS: O PAPEL DA EDUCAÇÃO NA CONSCIENTIZAÇÃO SOBRE OS ODS
Authors: Vianna Pedro Henrique Farias , Conceição Creilson de Jesus , Portela Irlan Marques Cunha , Góis Douglas Vieira , Silva Huarlison de Souza , Araújo Marcos Paulo Parente , Parente Máira Santiago Pires , Costa Sheila Sousa da , Oliveira Cristiane Alves de , Silva Ivanildo Gomes da
Published: January 2025

A crescente importância dos Objetivos de Desenvolvimento Sustentável (ODS) para a promoção de um futuro mais justo e sustentável tem levado a educação a desempenhar um papel fundamental na formação de cidadãos globais. Este artigo investiga o papel da educação na conscientização sobre os ODS, abordando as competências globais necessárias para lidar com os desafios contemporâneos. O problema que motiva esta pesquisa é a limitada integração dos ODS nos currículos escolares e a falta de estratégias pedagógicas voltadas para o desenvolvimento dessas competências. O objetivo principal é analisar como práticas educacionais podem ser estruturadas para promover a conscientização sobre os ODS, formando cidadãos mais engajados e responsáveis. A pesquisa é de caráter qualitativo, realizada por meio de revisão de literatura, que abrange estudos acadêmicos e relatórios de organismos internacionais sobre educação e sustentabilidade. A análise revela que a educação que prioriza competências globais, como a empatia, a responsabilidade ambiental e o engajamento social, contribui significativamente para a conscientização sobre os ODS. No entanto, observa-se que muitos sistemas educacionais ainda enfrentam desafios na implementação desses objetivos, devido a barreiras como a falta de formação docente adequada e a escassez de materiais didáticos. Conclui-se que a educação deve ser repensada de forma interdisciplinar e ativa, com o envolvimento de todos os atores sociais, para que os ODS sejam incorporados de maneira eficaz no processo de ensino-aprendizagem.
ESTRATEGIAS DIGITALES: LA CLAVE DEL POSICIONAMIENTO DE MARCA EN UN MERCADO INDUSTRIAL
Authors: Jiménez Domínguez Ereyda , Bazán Tanchiva Luis Javier , Aspajo Torres Neisser , Chávez Díaz Jorge Miguel
Published: January 2025

El estudio tuvo como objetivo analizar la influencia del marketing digital en el posicionamiento de marca de una empresa distribuidora de pernos en Los Olivos, Lima. Se desarrolló como una investigación básica, explicativa, de diseño no experimental y enfoque cuantitativo. La muestra incluyó 53 clientes, y se recolectaron datos mediante encuestas basadas en la escala de Likert. Los análisis descriptivos e inferenciales fueron realizados con SPSS y Microsoft Excel, verificándose la fiabilidad de los cuestionarios con un Alfa de Cronbach superior a 0.9. Los resultados evidenciaron que el marketing digital influye significativamente en el posicionamiento de la marca, con un nivel de significancia de p-valor = 0.000 < 0.05 y un ajuste de modelo Pseudo R² de hasta 88.9% (Nagelkerke). Las dimensiones evaluadas—marketing de contenido, comunicación digital y redes sociales—demostraron una relación positiva con el posicionamiento de la marca, destacando la importancia de estrategias digitales integrales. Se concluyó que las empresas deben adoptar herramientas digitales modernas, invertir en publicidad online y fortalecer la comunicación digital y el marketing de contenidos para mejorar su presencia y vínculo emocional con los clientes, consolidando su posicionamiento en mercados competitivos. Investigaciones futuras podrían explorar cómo la personalización avanzada en marketing digital, basada en inteligencia artificial y análisis de datos, puede impactar en el posicionamiento de la marca en sectores específicos.
An Adaptive Semi-Analytical Approach in Solving Nonlinear Korteweg-De Vries Equations
Authors: Sabdin Abdul Rahman Farhan , Che Hussin Che Haziqah , Sulaiman Jumat , Mandangan Arif , El-Zahar Essam Roshdy
Published: January 2025

This paper introduces a novel method named the Adaptive Hybrid Reduced Differential Transform Method (AHRDTM) for solving Nonlinear Korteweg-De Vries Equations (NKdVEs). AHRDTM provides convergent semi-analytical solutions over long-time frames by generating subintervals of varying lengths, significantly reducing the number of time-steps and processing time needed for solutions, distinguishing it from the traditional multistep approach of RDTM. Notably, AHRDTM avoids the need for perturbation, linearization or discretization, enhancing its adaptability and reliability. The findings demonstrate that AHRDTM provides highly accurate and efficient solutions for NKdVEs. Additionally, the method is straightforward, significantly reduces the computational effort required to solve NKdVE problems and shows promise for application to a wide range of partial differential equations (PDEs). The efficacy of AHRDTM is illustrated through tables and graphical representations
Study of Airflow Dynamics and Particle Transport in the Upper Respiratory System using Numerical Simulation
Authors: Mittal Anirudh Krishna , Corda John Valerian , Mathias Kevin Amith , Abdul Khader Shah Mohammed , Barboza Augustine B.V. , Ahmad Kamarul Arifin , Zuber Mohammad , Shenoy Gowrava
Published: January 2025

The increase in pollution levels in recent years has increased the prevalence of pulmonary diseases. The accumulation of pollutant particles in the pulmonary tract is speculated to be one of the major reasons for the increase in chronic cases. This necessitates the study of the mechanism of particle deposition in human airways to develop better drug delivery systems. Aerosolized forms of drugs are commonly used to treat pulmonary diseases. The current study employed computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and discrete element method (DEM) techniques to study airflow patterns and particle deposition phenomena. An idealized 3D CAD model was developed based on available literature. A discretized finite-volume model was tested to ensure an independent solution. A user-defined function (UDF) was used to simulate realistic breathing dynamics for the respiration cycle. The aerosol particles of the calculated volume were mixed into the airflow domain. The analysis was conducted using ANSYS FLUENT CFD solver. This study found several regions of high turbulence in the upper human airways, with secondary flow structures exhibiting bifurcations and the glottal region. The study also found that the oral cavity and oropharynx regions with higher turbulence intensity had a concentrated deposition of particles. Most of the aerosol particles (5μm) were transported into the alveolar sacs, where they were absorbed into the bloodstream. The oral cavity and oropharynx have the highest pressure and particle deposition efficiency, while the trachea plays a crucial role in particle deposition during inhalation due to weak oscillatory flows and turbulence, especially in the tracheal region and lower respiratory tract. The oral cavity has the highest efficiency at 7.32%, while the trachea has the lowest at 0.4%. The overall deposition efficiency across all regions is 9.078%.This study did not account for the breakup of aerosol particles. Aerosol particles can break apart due to airflow and collisions, affecting their size and deposition efficiency. Ignoring this breakup could lead to inaccurate results, making accurate dosimetry essential for inhalation studies
Influence of Dimples on the Aerodynamics of Blended Wing Body Airframe: A Computational Study
Authors: Ali Haris , Rasani Mohammad Rasidi , Harun Zambri
Published: January 2025

Blended-Wing-Body (BWB) aircraft designs have attracted considerable attention due to their potential for enhancing aerodynamic efficiency and fuel economy. This study investigates the integration of dimples on BWB airframes to further improve their aerodynamic performance. Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulations were used to characterize turbulent airflow and estimate the associated aerodynamic forces. The k-ω Shear-Stress Transport (SST) turbulence model was employed to solve the underlying equations. The objective is to investigate the impact of various dimple locations on the suction side of the BWB wing. The simulations were performed at the free stream velocity of 50m/s over the angle of attack ranging from -2° to 6°. The evaluation involved analysing the drag coefficient (CD), lift coefficient (CL) and lift-to-drag (L/D) ratio. The results suggest that in optimal conditions, a BWB featuring a dimpled surface could achieve a reduction in CD of up to 3.04% compared to an unmodified surface, while maintaining lift performance. The results illustrate the feasibility of integrating dimples as a passive flow control technique to enhance BWB aerodynamic performance
Biogas Feeding Position for Co-Firing with Biomass in Bubbling Fluidized Bed Boiler using Computational Fluid Dynamics
Authors: Siri Varudom , Kitisomkiat Phongpapop , Thiemsakul Dulyapat , Feng Yuqing , Pumchumpol Tanakorn , Prukmahachaikul Sitthiporn , Chalermsinsuwan Benjapon , Piumsomboon Pornpote
Published: January 2025

Reduction of coal use in boilers is necessary to help lessen the impact on the ozone layer without sacrificing boiler efficiency due to rising CO2 emissions and energy consumption. Since agricultural industries produce a large amount of waste biomass, biomass could be used as an energy source. Anaerobic digestion is a process that can be used to convert this waste into biogas, which can save on the expense of building a new boiler and help reduce the disposal fee. This study aims to investigate the optimal location of the biogas inlet in a biomass bubbling boiler using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation to predict the feasibility of biogas co-firing in bubbling fluidized bed boilers. The objective of integrating biogas into a biomass bubbling bed boiler has been introduced. The load burner and the first row of secondary air inlets for biogas integration are compared in this study. The outcome demonstrates that the most effective position to feed biogas into the boiler is the premixed biogas in the first row of the secondary air inlet
Paper Drone Design Based on Pose Estimation Technology
Authors: Wang Jiazheng , Rajendran Parvathy
Published: January 2025

Paper drones, as a low-cost green new type of drone, have played a role in various fields. However, traditional pose estimation methods have high requirements for cost and environment, and they are not suitable for paper drones. Therefore, in the context of artificial intelligence, a data augmentation method and vision-based pose estimation technology are proposed using deep learning algorithms. This technology is used to achieve accurate pose estimation and effective motion control of paper drones, and the effectiveness of this technology is verified. The experimental results show that the highest accuracy achieved by using data augmentation methods is 96.31%, and it can enhance the generalization performance of the algorithm. When using the technology proposed in the study for pose estimation, the average errors of roll angle, pitch angle, yaw angle are 0.07°, 0.18°, and 0.31°, respectively. When using the technology proposed in the study for motion control, the flight path is closest to the specified path. Research can effectively improve the pose estimation and motion control performance of paper drones, providing novel methods and ideas for the design of paper drones, which is of great significance for promoting the intelligent development of drone technology.
Demise of Kreutz Sungrazing Comet C/2024 S1 (ATLAS)
Authors: Jewitt David , Luu Jane , Li Jing
Published: January 2025

Most Kreutz family sungrazing comets are discovered only days before perihelion, severely limiting observational opportunities to study their physical nature and decay. Kreutz sungrazer C/2024 S1 (ATLAS) was discovered a month before reaching its perihelion distance of 0.008 au, allowing physical observations from both ground- and space-based telescopes. We present observations from 0.9 to 0.4 au using the Nordic Optical Telescope showing that (1) nucleus disintegration was ongoing already at 0.7 au pre-perihelion, (2) the activity varied unpredictably with distance, and (3) the nucleus radius was  <600 m (red geometric albedo 0.04 assumed). We also use coronagraphic observations from the STEREO-A spacecraft to study C/2024 S1 at heliocentric distances  ≲ 0.1 au. We find that the coma scattering cross section peaked near 0.075 au and faded progressively, by a factor  ∼20, toward the last observation at 0.02 au. We interpret the near-perihelion fading as a result of the sublimation of refractory coma grains, beginning at blackbody temperatures  ∼1000 K, consistent with olivine composition. The comet was not detected after perihelion. We consider processes operating to destroy the nucleus when near perihelion, concluding that rotational instability and sublimation losses work together toward this end, even before entry of the comet into the Roche lobe of the Sun.
Simulating High-redshift Galaxies: Enhancing UV Luminosity with Star Formation Efficiency and a Top-heavy IMF
Authors: Jeong Tae Bong , Jeon Myoungwon , Song Hyunmi , Bromm Volker
Published: January 2025

Recent findings from photometric and spectroscopic JWST surveys have identified examples of high-redshift galaxies at z ≳ 10. These high-z galaxies appear to form much earlier and exhibit greater UV luminosity than predicted by theoretical work. In this study, our goal is to reproduce the brightness of these sources by simulating high-redshift galaxies with virial masses M
vir = 109–1010
M
⊙ at z > 10. To achieve this, we conduct cosmological hydrodynamic zoom-in simulations, modifying baryonic subgrid physics, and post-process our simulation results to confirm the observability of our simulated galaxies. Specifically, we enhanced star formation activity in high-redshift galaxies by either increasing the star formation efficiency up to 100% or adopting a top-heavy initial mass function (IMF). Our simulation results indicate that both increasing star formation efficiency and adopting a top-heavy IMF play crucial roles in boosting the UV luminosity of high-redshift galaxies, potentially exceeding the limiting magnitude of JWST surveys in earlier epochs. In particular, the episodic starburst resulting from enhanced star formation efficiency may explain the high-redshift galaxies observed by JWST, as it evacuates dust from star-forming regions, making the galaxies more observable. We demonstrate this correlation between star formation activity and dust mass evolution within the simulated galaxies. Also, adopting a top-heavy IMF could enhance observability due to an overabundance of massive stars, although it may also facilitate rapid metal enrichment. Using our simulation results, we derive several observables such as effective radius, UV slope, and emission-line rates, which could serve as valuable theoretical estimates for comparison with existing spectroscopic results and forthcoming data from the JWST NIRSpec and MIRI instruments.
Complex Structure around a Circumstellar Disk Caused by Interchange Instability
Authors: Machida Masahiro N. , Basu Shantanu
Published: January 2025

We perform a three-dimensional nonideal magnetohydrodynamic simulation of a strongly magnetized cloud core and investigate the complex structure caused by the interchange instability. This is the first simulation that does not use a central sink cell and calculates the long-term (>104 yr) evolution even as the disk and outflow formation occur. The magnetic field dissipates inside the disk, and magnetic flux accumulates around the edge of the disk, leading to the occurrence of interchange instability. During the main accretion phase, the interchange instability occurs recurrently, disturbing the circumstellar region and forming ring, arc, and cavity structures. These are consistent with recent high-resolution observations of circumstellar regions around young protostars. The structures extend to >1000 au and persist for at least 30,000 yr after protostar formation, demonstrating the dynamic removal process of magnetic flux during star formation. We find that the disk continues to grow even as interchange instability occurs, by accretion through channels between the outgoing cavities. The outflow is initially weak but becomes strong after ∼103 yr.
Inventory of the vascular flora of the alkaline fen “Torbiera di Lipoi” (Veneto, northern Italy)
Authors: Zanatta Katia , Lasen Cesare , Scariot Alberto , Nascimbene Juri
Published: January 2025

On the basis of literature, and herbarium data and new field research, we provide a diachronic floristic inventory of a small alkaline fen meadow close to the southern border of the Dolomiti Bellunesi National Park (Veneto, N-Italy), whose toponymal is “Torbiera di Lipoi”. Overall, 319 infrageneric taxa were listed. Results indicate that, despite natural reforestation triggered by the abandonment of the traditional management of the fen, most of the fen-related vascular species still occur, including red-listed species, although their populations have probably decreased over time. Moreover, alien species are still a minor component of the flora, occurring in small scattered populations. However, there are signals of vulnerability, and probably the current vascular flora reflects a previous situation in which fen-related habitats were much larger than today. This urgently claims for active maintenance of the small open areas that still exist to counteract extinction debt dynamics.
Technology Readiness Level of biodiversity monitoring with molecular methods – where are we on the road to routine implementation?
Authors: Laamanen Tiina , Norros Veera , Vihervaara Petteri , Jerney Jacqueline , Kortelainen Pirkko , Kujala Katharina , Lambert Stefan , Mäyrä Janne , Nikula Lilja , Palmroos Ida , Tolkkinen Mikko , Vuorio Kristiina , Meissner Kristian
Published: January 2025

Human activities are causing rapid biodiversity loss across ecosystems, affecting human well-being and crucial ecosystem services. Traditional biodiversity monitoring tools cannot keep up with the increasing demands of monitoring due to their limited spatial or temporal coverage, high costs, and lack of taxonomic expertise. Thus, implementation of novel molecular monitoring methods such as environmental DNA (eDNA) and DNA metabarcoding, are necessary.

Molecular monitoring methods offer significant benefits for biodiversity monitoring and environmental assessment: high sensitivity and accuracy, non-invasive sampling, broad taxonomic range and cost and time efficiency. However, the diverse methodological approaches lead to poor comparability between studies and surveys, highlighting the need for standardised assessments.

We used the Technology Readiness Level (TRL) framework to evaluate the maturity of molecular monitoring methods, providing a structured assessment of their readiness for routine use. In a systematic literature review, 420 articles fulfilling the study criteria were assessed and both individual studies and method categories ranked according to the TRL scale. The findings revealed a growing number of studies, particularly in aquatic environments, with most studies validating molecular technologies on a small scale but lacking large-scale system demonstrations. Aquatic eDNA-based methods targeting fish showed overall higher technology readiness compared to other sample types and taxa and applications of molecular monitoring methods ranked into the highest TRL were predominantly freshwater studies.

Key barriers to the broader implementation of molecular methods to monitoring include the need for international standards, better quantitative estimates and comprehensive reference libraries. National and international cooperation is crucial for establishing common standards, ensuring reliable and comparable results and expediting the routine use of molecular methods in biodiversity monitoring. Recent efforts towards international standardisation are encouraging, but further coordinated actions are necessary for the global implementation and acceptance of these methods.
Sounds of the northern Andes: the calls of a diverse and endangered frog community (Amphibia, Anura) from Ecuador
Authors: Batallas Diego , Márquez Rafael , Guayasamin Juan M.
Published: January 2025

The emission of calls is one of the most distinctive and important reproductive traits in anurans. Given the biological significance of vocalizations, this trait is also useful for identification proposes and is key in recognizing cryptic diversity. However, the majority of the calls from tropical ecosystems, especially in the high Andean mountains, are unknown. Between 2016 and 2021, a total of 14 expeditions were conducted to the forests and moorlands of the eastern and western Andean Mountain range of the province of Carchi-Ecuador, at elevations ranging from 2694 to 3848 m a.s.l. The objective of these expeditions was to record the calls of the anuran fauna present in these ecosystems. In total, 30 anuran species were recorded, and calls of 20 species were described, 15 of which are described and reported for the first time in the present study. The call of Hyloxalus delatorreae, a critically endangered species, is described with a remarkable recording of the call of Niceforonia brunnea, a species considered mute. In addition, nine are candidate species, including the first record of Pristimantis farisorum for Ecuador. This study represents the most comprehensive and accurate acoustic documentation of a highland community, which will facilitate taxonomic and conservation work in the area.
Le traumatisme familial à travers l’épreuve projective familiale de la Maison Blessée
Authors: Sanahuja Almudena , Derbal Fatma , Cuynet Patrice
Published: January 2025

Le psychotraumatisme est un champ d’étude riche et fertile lorsqu’il concerne le sujet ou les événements de grandes ampleurs (guerres, génocides, etc.). Les recherches qui se sont intéressées au repérage objectivable du trauma sur la sphère psychique familiale et ses conséquences sont encore peu nombreuses. Dans le cadre d’une recherche universitaire, nous avons utilisé une nouvelle variante de l’épreuve projective de la maison de rêve (P. Cuynet, 2017). La nouvelle consigne « Dessinez une maison blessée » permet de repérer les traces traumatiques restées en latence dans l’inconscient familial. Cet article porte sur des résultats qui mettent en exergue, via cet outil, des indicateurs spécifiques concernant l’impact du trauma sur la sphère psychique familiale et propose quelques pistes de réflexion qui portent sur le traumatisme familial.
History's Masters The Effect of European Monarchs on State Performance
Authors: Ottinger Sebastian , Voigtländer Nico
Published: January 2025

We create a novel reign‐level data set for European monarchs, covering all major European states between the 10th and 18th centuries. We first document a strong positive relationship between rulers' cognitive ability and state performance. To address endogeneity issues, we exploit the facts that (i) rulers were appointed according to hereditary succession, independent of their ability, and (ii) the widespread inbreeding among the ruling dynasties of Europe led over centuries to quasirandom variation in ruler ability. We code the degree of blood relationship between the parents of rulers, which also reflects “hidden” layers of inbreeding from previous generations. The coefficient of inbreeding is a strong predictor of ruler ability, and the corresponding instrumental variable results imply that ruler ability had a sizeable effect on the performance of states and their borders. This supports the view that “leaders made history,” shaping the European map until its consolidation into nation states. We also show that rulers mattered only where their power was largely unconstrained. In reigns where parliaments checked the power of monarchs, ruler ability no longer affected their state's performance.
The Political Economy of Zero‐Sum Thinking
Authors: Ali S. Nageeb , Mihm Maximilian , Siga Lucas
Published: January 2025

This paper offers a strategic rationale for zero‐sum thinking in elections. We show that asymmetric information and distributional considerations together make voters wary of policies supported by others. This force impels a majority of voters to support policies contrary to their preferences and information. Our analysis identifies and interprets a form of “adverse correlation” that is necessary and sufficient for zero‐sum thinking to prevail in equilibrium.
Sperm DNA fragmentation: focusing treatment on seminal transport fluid beyond sperm production
Authors: Adel Domínguez Moises Abraham , Cardona Maya Walter D. , Mora Topete Andrés
Published: January 2025

Aim: To determine the effects of oral antibiotics and anti-inflammatory agents on semen parameters and the sperm DNA fragmentation index (DFI). Methods: Ninety-eight men with infertility diagnosis were included. The participants submitted two semen samples, before and at least two months after treatment. Macroscopic and microscopic semen parameters were evaluated following the World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines. In addition, the sperm DFI was evaluated using the sperm chromatin dispersion (SCD) technique. Subsequently, a treatment regimen was administered, including daily oral doses of ciprofloxacin (1000 mg) and doxycycline (100 mg) for 21 and 10 days, respectively. In addition, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (15 mg of meloxicam) were used for 10 days. After treatment, the same parameters were re-evaluated for new semen samples taken under the same initial conditions. Results: After treatment, significant increases in pH, sperm count, total concentration, and normal sperm morphology were observed, but no significant differences were found in the seminal volume parameter or progressive motility. After treatment, a significant decrease in the concentration of immature cells was observed, and although not statistically significant, a reduction in the concentration of leucocytes was observed. After treatment, the mean sperm DFI significantly decreased from 28.24± 2.39% to 16.2±7.1%. Conclusions: Treatment with antibiotics and anti-inflammatories significantly reduced the sperm DFI and improved semen quality.
The changing landscape of treatment for acquired hemophilia A
Authors: Franchini Massimo , Focosi Daniele
Published: January 2025

Acquired hemophilia A (AHA) is a rare acquired autoimmune disorder caused by autoantibodies against coagulation factor VIII (FVIII), which cause a hemorrhagic diathesis, not rarely of severe degree. Standard treatment consists of bleeding control with bypassing agents (recombinant activated factor VII and activated prothrombin complex concentrate) and recombinant porcine FVIII, and immunosuppressive therapy (corticosteroids with or without cyclophosphamide). Recent studies have renewed the interest towards the immunosuppressive agent rituximab for FVIII inhibitor eradication and have suggested a potential role for emicizumab for the prevention of bleeding in AHA patients. This narrative review will focus on the placement of these two emerging drugs within the treatment landscape for AHA.
Maternal and Perinatal Outcomes in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Undergoing Artificial Frozen-Thawed Embryo Transfer Cycles: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Dashti Saeideh , Eftekhar Maryam , Sarikhani Danial , Tabibnejad Nasim
Published: January 2025

Background:

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a worldwide endocrine disorder of reproductive-aged women. In addition to infertility, PCOS may lead to unfavorable maternal and prenatal outcomes in assisted reproductive technology cycles. The aim of the study was to investigate the risk of adverse maternal and perinatal outcomes using frozen-thawed embryo transfer (FET) among women with and without PCOS.

Materials and Methods:

The data of 1064 women in the PCOS group and 1473 women in the control group were analyzed after FET. Adverse maternal and prenatal outcomes including gestational diabetes mellitus, pre-eclampsia, premature rupture of membranes, preterm birth, low birth weight, and stillbirth were compared between the two groups.

Results:

We did not find significant differences in the above-mentioned variables between the two groups. Gestational diabetes (7.1% vs. 11%), pre-eclampsia (12% vs. 11.8%), premature rupture of membranes (3.8% vs. 6.5%), preterm birth (13% vs. 15.9%), and low birth weight (10.9% vs. 14.7%) between PCOS and non-PCOS groups, respectively (P > 0.05).

Conclusions:

Our result showed that there are no differences between PCOS and non-PCOS women undergoing FET regarding maternal and neonatal outcomes.