bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The role of social axiologization of consumption in the formation of the world outlook of modern man
Authors: Gurbanov Abdulla Gadzhievich
Published: November 2024

The subject of the analysis is the socio-philosophical aspect of the axiologization of consumption, revealed in the works of domestic and foreign researchers of the last third of the XXth and first quarter of the XXIst centuries. The stages of axiologization of consumption, its driving forces and conceptual and categorical apparatus are considered in detail. The author provides an original definition of the human world outlook, showing the role of the values offered by modern consumer society in the evolution of this world. It is shown that many axiological guidelines of the beginning of the XXI century are: unrestrained consumption, selfishness, worship of the "golden calf", consolidating "anti-values" in the consumer's life world. At the same time, the author believes that in modern society, with proper social control and self-control, positive values of responsible consumption are also generated. The "new" values of the human life world were also analyzed, on the basis of which a conclusion was made about the incompleteness of the axiologization process to date. As result of incomplete transformations the consumer suffers a value crisis, and this social phenomenon has a total impact on the consumer's vital world. As a methodological basis, both general scientific methods and socio-cultural, socio-economic, socio-philosophical approaches were used to consider the "consumer society" and the specifics of human consumer behavior in it. The scientific novelty lies in the fact that this article attempts to clearly define terms such as "social axiologization" and "life world", as well as to trace the interaction of these terms within the framework of social and economic transformations taking place in the modern world. The highlighted factors of the formation of axiological guidelines of the consumer society and the consequences of its future dynamics allow us to take a more comprehensive look at the process of human immersion in the world of consumption, in which values and anti-values are mixed, complicated and begin to play a major role in the life of the consumer. It is important to conclude that mass culture and conveyor production, multiplied by the specific worldview of a modern person, irreversibly change the axiological structure of society, and a system of correctly placed axiological priorities that rationally combines classical values with new ones can help avoid the growth of destructive tendencies.
Systemic-structural and bioessential-deterministic meta-paradigms (Part One)
Authors: Ufimtsev Aleksandr Evgenevich , Smirnova Marina Mikhailovna
Published: November 2024

The work is devoted to the conceptual understanding of trends in the development of scientific knowledge. The discovered patterns are universal and manifest themselves in a number of scientific disciplines. The section "Systemic-structural and bioessential-deterministic meta-paradigms in linguistics" presents various understandings of anthropocentrism. The systemic-structural and anthropocentric paradigms are considered through the prism of sign theory. The theory of the sign is extended to other fields of scientific knowledge. Based on the material of a number of scientific disciplines, the relevant sections of the article show the implementation of systemic-structural and bioessential-deterministic meta-paradigms: in some sciences – in the form of paradigms (linguistics), in others – in the form of separate concepts, theories and trends (literary studies, exact sciences, religious studies). In addition, the implementation of systemic-structural and bioessential-deterministic meta-paradigms in the works of individual researchers is shown: "The structure of scientific revolutions" by T. S. Kuhn. The systemic-structural and anthropocentric paradigms are compared with the theory of the sign. The meta-paradigms correlating both the plane of expression and the plane of content in the theory of the sign are highlighted. The meta-paradigm is understood as a conceptually generalized set of scientific concepts in a number of fields of scientific knowledge, as a system of many paradigms determining the development of scientific knowledge in various scientific disciplines. The article examines the theory of the sign in an interdisciplinary aspect. The conclusion is made that one can understand anthropocentrism in an extremely integrated way: as taking into account the sum of restrictions on the way of embodying the sign system in the linguistic and speech activity of the subject – and the sum of restrictions on the way of realizing the subject in the sign system and speech activity. An assumption is made: language is determined by the type of thinking inherent in the subjects using it. An assumption is made about the connection between signaling systems and thinking. New terms have been introduced: biossential determinism, bioessential deterministic meta-paradigm, system-structural meta-paradigm. The systemic-structural meta-paradigm is understood as a meta-paradigm of a formally oriented nature, the bioessential-deterministic one as an essentially oriented meta-paradigm. The characteristics of the systemic-structural and bioessential-deterministic meta-paradigms are given on the example of linguistics. The universality of the nature of the meta-paradigm shift is shown. Currently, the systemic-structural meta-paradigm is being replaced by a bioessential-deterministic one.
Flight Stability of Spinning Projectiles at High Angles of Attack
Authors: Dutschke Bernd , Mundt Christian
Published: October 2024

The flight behavior of the spin-stabilized 105 mm M1 artillery projectile, when fired with high quadrant elevation, is studied using six-degrees-of-freedom trajectory simulations and theoretical methods of stability analysis. Trajectory simulation results confirm the known effect of overstabilization at the apogee, leading to high angles of attack (AoA), drift to the left, and base-forward descent. For quadrant elevations between nose-forward and base-forward descent, a previously unknown descent mode was discovered, with projectiles performing a low-frequency coning motion at high angles of attack of 73 and 104 deg, respectively. An exhaustive theoretical description of such high-AoA limit cycles is given that overcomes the limitation to small angles of attack prevalent in traditional concepts of projectile stability. Based on a formulation of the angular motion in spherical coordinates, conditions for the existence of limit cycles are identified and stability criteria are derived using Lyapunov’s first method of linearization around equilibrium and eigenvalue analysis of the resulting Jacobian. The resulting criteria indicate that limit cycle flight is primarily governed by the Magnus moment coefficient. The method is applied to the 105 mm M1 projectile, and the coning motions observed in the trajectory simulations are accurately reproduced by the theory.
Full-Field Measurement of Lightweight Nonlinear Structures Using Three-Dimensional Scanning Laser Doppler Vibrometry
Authors: Wang Xing , Yuan Jie , Szydlowski Michal , Schwingshackl Christoph
Published: October 2024

Modern noncontact measurement techniques such as the three-dimensional scanning laser Doppler vibrometry (3D SLDV) are advantageous in measuring vibrations of lightweight, thin-walled aerospace structures, which were conventionally deemed as difficult or not feasible to apply using attached transducers. Nevertheless, the full-field measurements using 3D SLDV are still limited to extracting modal properties of linear structures, while measurements of complex nonlinear structures are rarely reported. This paper aims to extend the full-field measurement capability of 3D SLDV and combines it with a multiple-input–single-output vibration controller to deal with nonlinear structures. An advanced test strategy is introduced, which is capable of obtaining amplitude-dependent resonant frequencies, modal damping ratios, and full-field, multiharmonic mode shapes of nonlinear normal modes (NNMs). Conflicting parameters such as the frequency resolution and measurement time are optimized by combining phase separation and phase resonance testing techniques in a coherent strategy. The capabilities of the proposed nonlinear modal testing strategy are demonstrated on a realistic, large-scale fan blade that exhibits softening behaviors. Two of its NNMs were investigated at larger vibration amplitudes. Its nonlinear modal parameters were successfully extracted and validated, highlighting the time efficiency and data accuracy of the proposed strategy for measuring industrial-scale, lightweight nonlinear structures.
Administração de antiparasitários periodicamente no Brasil
Authors: Santos Carine Alves Nery , Santos Karina Rodrigues dos , Nascimento Gabriel Phelipe Dantas do , Rodrigues Luis David de Sousa , Ramos Andressa Lima , Oliveira Bruna Fontenele de , Brito Patrícia Maria Souza de , Nascimento Caroline Costa do
Published: October 2024

Objetivo: Conjecturar, através de uma revisão narrativa de literatura, sobre a necessidade de manter no Brasil a prática rotineira e periódica de administração em massa de antiparasitários atualmente, seguindo as orientações da OMS. Revisão bibliográfica: Estudos recentes e precisos sobre a situação epidemiológica sobre geohelmintíases no Brasil são escassos, mas percebe-se que, embora haja heterogeneidade geográfica considerável, existem regiões de gravidade absoluta que demandam controle urgente. Seguindo as recomendações da OMS para controle de geohelmintíases, a prevalência dessas doenças no Brasil foi considerada moderada, devendo ser feito controle com administração em massa de antiparasitários anualmente. A literatura mostra exemplos de sucesso imediato com essa intervenção, como no Zimbábue, mas outros exemplos não tão satisfatórios como nas Filipinas, que mesmo após quase uma década de desparasitação ainda mantém graus moderados a graves de intensidade de infecção. Considerações finais: Verifica-se, portanto, a fragilidade na base de evidências que endossam a necessidade de dar sequência ou não para as intervenções já instituídas no Brasil, uma vez que são necessárias criteriosas avaliações destas intervenções para garantir que os dados sejam relevantes e adaptados de forma significativa aos diferentes contextos epidemiológicos encontrados e reformulados com a dinâmica destas intervenções.
National Standardization in the Field of Librarianship and Bibliographic Activities: Current State and Problems of Development
Authors: Tikunova Irina P.
Published: November 2024

In the modern world standardization is of great importance, including for the development of librarianship as a branch of the economy. Among the documents of technical regulation in force in Russia there are 23 standards regulating librarianship and bibliographic activities. All of them are part of the System of Information, Library and Publishing Standards (SIBID). Analysis of the structure of these standards shows that a large proportion of them are national standards, and only one fifth are interstate standards recognized as national in the territory of the Russian Federation. More than half of library standards were developed and adopted in 2014—2023. The analyzed standards were developed by different organisations and are under the jurisdiction of different subcommittees of the Technical Committee on Standardization 191. The leading role in the development of library standards is played by subcommittee 2 “Library Science and Bibliography” (base organisation — Russian State Library). Content analysis of the standards shows that standardization covers all the main areas of librarianship, but the depth of standardization for each of them is different: bibliographic activities and work with the document collection are the most fully standardized. In the last five years, special attention was paid to the updating of terminological standards. According to the results of the analysis, it is necessary to develop standards that establish general norms and rules of library and bibliographic activity in the digital environment; regulating procedures and criteria for assessing the quality of library services and products, modern technological processes of library work. The successful development of national standardization in the field of librarianship and bibliographic activity, determination of its priorities and resource support for the medium and long term will require the solution of a whole set of problems.
Historical Sciences in LBC: Tables Change Proposals
Authors: Rusin Daniil O.
Published: November 2024

Library and Bibliographic Classification (LBC) is the national classification system of Russia. Its support and modernization in accordance with the latest requirements of scientific work is one of the priorities of the Russian State Library (RSL). The relevance of this task is determined by the wide scope of the LBC application, covering numerous groups of Russian libraries. At present, the Research Centre for LBC Development (RC LBC) of the RSL has started the preparation of the second stage of modernization of the Medium schedules, which are the basis for the whole classification. An important role in the development of the “Concept of the Second Edition of the LBC Medium Schedules” is played by the opinion of library specialists who apply the tables in practice in their daily activities in the organization of collections and catalogues. In the course of the questionnaire survey conducted by the RC LBC RSL in 2023, experts from libraries formulated proposals for improving various sections of the LBC tables. On the basis of these recommendations the main directions for further modernization of the tables, including the historical section, are outlined.

In connection with the identified need to deepen the detailing of the Contemporary History sections, an analysis of literature on current events in Russian history, not yet reflected in the tables, was carried out. It is proposed to include the Russian military operation in Syria, Russia’s special military operation in Ukraine, Russia’s reunification with Crimea, Donbass, Kherson and Zaporozhye regions. It is necessary to clarify and change some outdated formulations in the methodological guidelines, in particular, in the divisions related to the history of Ukraine. It is concluded that the creation of a new “Concept of Development of Library and Bibliographic Classification” is impossible without practitioners, whose proposals help to determine the main directions of its modification.
The History of Ex-Libris as the History of the Country (Browsing Through the Pages of the Catalogue of the Murmansk Regional Scientific Library)
Authors: Kuznetsova Elena Yu.
Published: November 2024

In June 2023 in Murmansk at the All-Russian Library Congress: 27th Annual Conference of the Russian Library Association Murmansk State Regional Universal Scientific Library (MSRUSL) presented a new printed catalogue of book marks from the collection of rare books. The catalogue includes more than 400 Russian owner’s marks of the 19th — the first half of the 20th century, identified in the course of the research activities of the MSRUSL to study the history of rare editions. These are artistic (armorial, plot, monogram) and typographic ex-libris, applied to editions in the form of paper labels, stamp impressions, congeal embossing, super-ex-libris embossed on the spines of bindings, as well as handwritten inscriptions of owners on bookplates. Each mark included in the catalogue has an image and a detailed description. The bibliographic descriptions of books and magazines with book marks of 200 owners of private, public and departmental libraries will help to reconstruct disparate book collections, determine their composition and subject matter, and identify the reading interests of the former owners. The catalogue also provides brief biographical information about the owners and executors (authors) of the book marks with an indication of the sources used.

Auxiliary indexes of library owners, their initials and abbreviations, book marks, executors of ex-libris, authors and titles of books, titles of periodicals and continuing editions allow you to quickly find the information you need. The list of used sources, which completes the catalogue, contains full bibliographic descriptions of printed publications and electronic resources.

During 2023, specialists of the MSRUSL repeatedly made presentations on the book marks included in the edition at all-Russian conferences. In 2024 the library continues to open the pages of the printed catalogue: in the year of the 80th anniversary of the complete liberation of Leningrad from the blockade, books from the personal libraries of the besieged city residents deserve special attention. This article describes the ownership marks (stamps, inscriptions) on the blockade books belonging to M.N. Duvernois, A.N. Korkunova, A.B. Sakharov, S.I. Seleshnikov. Biographical information about the former owners of the books is given, the history of the appearance of the editions in the collection of the MSRUSL is revealed.
Library of the Historical and Genealogical Society in Moscow at the Beginning of the 20th Century: The Reconstruction Attempt
Authors: Naumov Oleg N.
Published: November 2024

The article reconstructs the history of the library of the Historical and Genealogical Society in Moscow, established in 1904 on the basis of archival sources. The formation of the book collection envisaged by the statute was one of the main directions of its activity. A lot of efforts were made to complete the library, there was a constant exchange of publications with institutions and organisations, including provincial ones. Books were donated almost exclusively by members of the society. During 10 years 1044 editions were donated, mostly printed in 1890s—1900s. They were representative of the repertoire of genealogical books of that period, as well as the history of the nobility, archival studies and special historical disciplines. The library had rare and small-circulation books, and a part of the manuscript of the “Genealogical Russian Dictionary” by M.G. Spiridov was copied for the library. L.M. Savelov, the chairman of the society, was widely known and sometimes two copies of publications were sent to the library: one for him and one for the society. The books were entered into inventory and card catalogues, marked with an ex-libris, and kept in the Moscow mansion of L.M. Savelov. The formation of the library allowed the Historical and Genealogical Society to establish scientific contacts and raised its status in the cultural life of Russia. The article is accompanied by the publication of N.P. Likhachev’s letter to L.M. Savelov dated 1 June 1905 outlining the project of publication and study of M.G. Spiridov’s work.
Libraries’ Mass Events for Promoting Scientific Knowledge: Research Results
Authors: Kurmysheva Lidiya K.
Published: November 2024

The issue of dissemination of scientific knowledge is important for the development of the information society. The library, as the most accessible cultural institution, is able to ensure the dissemination of knowledge in all sectors of society. The purpose of the article is to study library activities aimed at spreading popular science knowledge. In the course of the work, the analysis of the official websites of the leading federal, republican, local and regional libraries was carried out. The study was conducted from October 2022 to September 2023. The main element of the analysis was the events in which information about the possibility of obtaining scientific information appeared. This article presents the results of the research work. The most common form of popular science activities has been identified — these are lectures/lecturing events. During the study period, lectures were held in 26% of libraries, clubs and group — in 10%, exhibitions — in 5%, seminars — in 4%. The amount of resources available to modern libraries makes it possible to hold both local and large-scale popular science events in online and offline spaces. The involvement of specialists and interaction with the local community will make this process the most effective.
Hikâye ve Romanlarda İstanbul Distopyası
Authors: Sağlam M. Halil
Published: November 2024

Edebi eserlerin sosyal hayatın gerçekleriyle yakın ilişki vardır. Bir dönem yer, zaman, şahıs ve mekânla ilgili olumlu algının siyasi, sosyal, kültürel veya çevre şartlarından dolayı nasıl değiştiğini gösteren çok sayıda edebi eser bulunmaktadır. İstanbul’la ilgili eserler bu tür edebi eserler arasındadır. Divan şiirinde adına kaside ve gazellerin yazıldığı İstanbul’la ilgi olumlu algı 20. yüzyıldan itibaren değişmiş, İstanbul bu yüzyıldan itibaren olumsuz algılanmaya başlanmıştır. Bu tema değişiminde son yüzyılda İstanbul’da yaşanan nüfus yoğunluğunun, kontrolsüz göçmenlerin, sosyal ve kültürel yozlaşmanın, trafik sıkışıklığının, çevre kirliliğinin, çarpık yapılaşmanın ve deprem riskinin önemli rolü olmuştur. İstanbul sorunları üzerine kurgulanan distopik roman ve hikâyeler olumsuz İstanbul algısının derinliğini göstermesi açısından önemlidir. Bu çalışmada Türk edebiyatında zamanla değişen İstanbul algısını yansıtan İstanbul distopyaları analiz edilmektedir. Çalışmada Çetin Altan’ın 2027 Yılının Anıları, Tahsin Yücel’in Gökdelen, Barış Müstecaplıoğlu’nun Osmanlı Cadısı, Sinem Ataklı’nın Proje 241, Emre Saver’in 2048 Geleceğe Hazır mısın? Selim Erdoğan’ın Kurbağa Adası: Bir İstanbul Distopyası romanları, Aslı Tohumcu ve Kutlukhan Kutlu'nun editörlüğünde hazırlanan İstanbul 2099 hikâye kitabındaki hikâyeler incelenmiştir. Çalışma sonucuna göre yazarlar İstanbul’un geleceği ile ilgili ciddi kaygılar taşımaktadırlar. Yazarlar, özellikle büyük İstanbul depremi, aşırı nüfus artışı, çarpık kentleşme, çevre kirliliği, ekolojik denge, totaliter rejim, biyoiktidar konularında öngörüde bulunmakta, bu öngörülerinden dolayı yetkilileri ve halkı ikaz etmektedirler.
Роль нейротрансмиттеров в формировании эмоций при реализации целенаправленной деятельности
Authors: А.П. Новикова , Т.И. Оконенко , К.Ю. Картышева
Published: November 2024

Актуальность данного обзора обусловлена высокой социальной значимостью понимания механизмов развития эмоций, и взаимосвязи эмоций с целенаправленной мотивационной деятельностью. Данные современной литературы свидетельствуют о том, что мотивационное возбуждение претерпевает ряд нейрофизиологических этапов для достижения поставленной цели, реализуемых с участием разных нейромедиаторных систем. Дисбаланс нейротрансмиттеров может стать причиной ряда нейропсихических заболеваний (болезнь Паркинсона, депрессия) и расстройств (бессонница, повышенная тревожность, потеря памяти и т.д). В обзоре показана роль основных нейротрансмиттеров и гормонов, участвующих в формировании эмоций, для достижения полезного приспособительного результата, а также особенностей нейрохимических процессов при реализации разных видов целенаправленного поведения.

The relevance of this review is due to the high social significance of understanding the mechanisms of development of emotions, and the relationship of emotions with purposeful motivational activity. Data from modern literature indicate that motivational arousal undergoes a number of neurophysiological stages to achieve a set goal, realized with the participation of different neurotransmitter systems. An imbalance of neurotransmitters can cause a number of neuropsychiatric diseases (Parkinson’s disease, depression) and disorders (insomnia, anxiety, memory loss, etc). The review shows the role of the main neurotransmitters and hormones involved in the formation of emotions to achieve a useful adaptive result, as well as the characteristics of neurochemical processes in the implementation of various types of goal-directed behavior.
La submorphologie motivée en français, italien et espagnol: le cas des adverbes de lieu issus de constructions latines en [dē + …]
Authors: Saffi Sophie , Pagès Stéphane
Published: November 2024

Nous comparons les syllabes initiales de la série d’adverbes français devant, derrière, dessus, dessous, dehors, dedans et de leurs équivalents italiens davanti, dietro, sopra, sotto, fuori, dentro, et espagnols delante, detrás, encima, debajo, fuera, dentro. Nous proposons une explication à la diversité des issues dans ces trois langues romanes de constructions latines en [dē + …]. Nous montrons la pertinence de l’approche submorphologique, en diachronie, pour rendre compte des évolutions phonétiques et sémantiques.
Creating a Complete Online Environment for Ancient-Language Teaching
Authors: Ruppel Antonia
Published: November 2024

There are many reasons for creating online resources both to supplement in-person teaching and to lay the basis for a course taught entirely online. This paper aims to give an overview of the questions we ought to ask ourselves so that we can design exactly the resources or the course we need.
Even an experienced classroom teacher may not be aware of all the elements that should be in place for an online and thus possibly more student-guided course to be successful. We thus begin by looking at very basic issues of learning space, time and patterns. Next, while ‘teaching a language’ or ‘knowing a language’ are precise-sounding aims, they unite a broad variety of activities and abilities. We thus suggest a series of questions that let instructors figure out what they mean by those terms, and then go through the various practical decisions that need to be made on that basis in order to set up exactly the course needed: we go through what course elements should be included, and the best ways of creating these given the academic services available electronically and online. Sometimes, more is better, but often, basic structures set up in a way possible even for time-strapped academics who are required to focus on publishing rather than teaching can go a long way.
Finally, we introduce the examples of two complete online alt-ac set-ups (for both language and ‘content’ classes) as potential models for future courses.
Contextualising Ancient Language Teaching. The Case of Classical Armenian
Authors: Meyer Robin
Published: November 2024

The teaching of ancient languages at university level is usually quite different from its counterpart in secondary schools: the latter will offer only a small number of such languages (e.g. Latin and Greek) as compared to the broader spectrum available at universities. At the same time, these secondary-school courses traditionally last longer and next to the introduction to the language include a basic education in its literature, culture, and history – which is not self-evidently the case at university level.
This paper argues that particularly for less-commonly studied languages, such contextualisation offers the learner much-needed insights into the workings of the language they are studying and facilitates the homogenisation of disparate learner groups. This claim is illustrated on the example of Classical Armenian: learners from different disciplines (theology, history, linguistics, etc.) take such a course, arriving with different abilities, background knowledge, expectations. Unless additional courses on Armenian history, etc. are provided, the learners’ diverse interests can only be addressed as an integral part of language learning. This approach is advantageous for the maintenance of the learners’ zeal and for a better understanding of literature. While the weighting of materials used should rely on the individual group’s composition, a corresponding textbook should include them in roughly equal parts. Yet, all information should remain pertinent to the primary goal: language learning.
The solution proposed here is the seamless integration of such historical and cultural information in the grammatical exercises, readings, as well as the inclusion of regular excursus on relevant topics.
Frog in a Well. Teaching Classical Japanese to Enhance the Linguistic Repertoire and Cultural Proficiency of Learners of Modern Japanese as an Additional Language
Authors: Schaefer Vance
Published: November 2024

Elements of Classical Japanese and other older forms of Japanese infuse Modern Japanese. As such, speakers of Japanese, including learners of Japanese as an additional language (JAL), generally require passive and in some cases active knowledge of Classical Japanese as part of their linguistic repertoire and overall language proficiency. In response, this article advocates a more proactive approach to teaching Classical Japanese elements to JAL learners. The article describes the features, forms, and usage of Classical Japanese in modern Japanese and then, maps out a pedagogical framework shaped by measurable student learning outcomes. Extensive reading is integrated into modern Japanese language courses supported by scaffolding activities such as explicit instruction, focus-on-form exercises, grammar-translation, and more in a flipped/blended format. Activities harness the soft power of Japanese popular culture through incorporating cultural artifacts such as haiku, manga, and anime, further motivating learners. Moreover, introducing elements of Classical Japanese to JAL learners may encourage them to take full-on Classical Japanese language courses, boosting enrolment and serving as a gateway to courses on Classical Japanese literature, history, culture, and more.
Size-exclusion chromatography–electrospray-ionization mass spectrometry to characterize end group and chemical distribution of poly(lactide-co-glycolide) co-polymers
Authors: Serizawa Masashi , van Delft Pieter , J. Schoenmakers Peter , A. H. Peters Ron , F.G. Gargano Andrea
Published: November 2024

The characterization of the microstructure of in vivo degradable polyesters is gaining increased interest thanks to their high-performance applications, such as drug delivery systems. The design of such material requires a high level of understanding of the critical material attributes of the polyesters, such as molecular-weight distribution (MWD), chemical-composition distribution (CCD), and end-groups (functionality-type distribution, FTD). Size-exclusion chromatography (SEC) hyphenated with mass spectrometry (MS) yields SEC-MS, which is an effective method for analyzing the microstructure of polymers. While the MWD can be determined by size-exclusion chromatography hyphenated with ultraviolet spectrometry and refractive index (SEC-UV/RI), the CCD and FTD can be determined by SEC-MS. However, previous applications of SEC-MS have failed to address the risk of polymer fragmentation during the analysis process. It is crucial to establish whether SEC-MS methods can be applied to biodegradable polymers and to recognize if fragmentation processes occurred during the SEC separation or during the ESI-MS process. In this study, we investigate whether SEC-MS methods can be applied to PLGA biodegradable polyesters. The research demonstrates that the choice of alkali metal salt used during ionization strongly influences the stability of PLGA during SEC-MS analysis. CsI was found to minimize fragmentations during ESI-MS, simplifying the MS spectra and allowing isomeric PLGA structures to be distinguished. The resulting method facilitates end-group and CCD determination. Additionally, when combined with selective degradation, the described method can provide insights in the “blockiness” of the polymer and support the development of sequence-controlled PLGA synthesis.
Dynamic electronic structure fluctuations in the de novo peptide ACC-dimer revealed by first-principles theory and machine learning
Authors: Mastracco Peter , Mohanam Luke Nambi , Nagaro Giacomo , Prusty Sangram , Oh Younghoon , Wu Ruqian , Cui Qiang , Hochbaum Allon , Copp Stacy , Sharifzadeh Sahar
Published: November 2024

Recent studies have reported long-range charge transport in peptide- and protein-based fibers and wires, rendering this class of materials as promising charge-conducting interfaces between biological systems and electronic devices. In the complex molecular environment of biomolecular building blocks, however, it is unclear which chemical and structural dynamic features support electronic conductivity. Here, we investigate the role of finite temperature fluctuations on the electronic structure and its implications for conductivity in a peptide-based fiber material composed of an antiparallel coiled coil hexamer, ACC-Hex, building block. All-atom classical molecular dynamics (MD) and first-principles density functional theory (DFT) are combined with interpretable machine learning (ML) to understand the relationship between physical and electronic structure of the peptide dimer subunit of ACC-Hex. For 1,101 unique MD ``snapshots" of the ACC peptide dimer, hybrid DFT calculations predict a significant variation of near-gap orbital energies among snapshots, with an increase in the predicted number of nearly degenerate states near the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO), which suggests improved conductivity. Interpretable ML is then used to investigate which nuclear conformations increase number of nearly-degenerate states. We find that molecular conformation descriptors of inter-phenylalanine distance and orientation are, as expected, highly correlated with increased state density near the HOMO. Unexpectedly, we also find that descriptors of tightly coiled peptide backbones, as well as those describing the change in the electrostatic environment around the peptide dimer, are important for predicting the number of hole-accessible states near the HOMO. Our study illustrates the utility of interpretable ML as a tool for understanding complex trends in large-scale \textit{ab initio} simulations.
Endoscopic correction of vesicoureteral reflux after chemodenervation of the detrusor with botulinum toxin in a child with a neurogenic bladder and myelodysplasia. Case report
Authors: Romashin Maksim A. , Guseva Natalia B. , Mlynchik Elena V.
Published: November 2024

Correction of vesicoureteral reflux in children with neurogenic bladder (NB) and myelodysplasia is rather challenging due to the presence of two aggravating factors. The first is the trabecularity of the bladder due to chronic ischemia and dysfunction of the closing contraction of the ureteral orifice up to complete deconfiguration of the ureterovesical junction, and the second is the neurogenic hyperactivity of the detrusor with hypertonicity, intravesical hypertension, and a significant decrease in the effective volume of the bladder. These pathophysiological mechanisms reduce to zero the effectiveness of open reimplantation of the ureter to create an anti-reflux mechanism, becoming, on the contrary, the cause of reflux aggravation and the development of ureterohydronephrosis. As a result, the correction of reflux in NB becomes impossible without stabilization of detrusor contractility, elimination of intravesical hypertension, and correction of spastic changes in the bladder. Clinical follow-up of a patient with this disorder for 10 years convincingly proves the effectiveness of step-by-step correction of NB and vesicoureteral reflux while adhering to the order of treatment methods.
Uveal involvement in children with hemifacial scleroderma
Authors: Osminina Maria K. , Aslamazova Anna E. , Podchernyaeva Nadezhda S. , Shpitonkova Olga V. , Kostina Yulia O. , Ziskina Nadezhda K.
Published: November 2024

Background. Linear scleroderma of the head (LSH) is a devastating disease of childhood since it is associated with a deep deformation of the face and head tissues, neurological disorders, organ of vision injury, and prognosis-defining uveal tract involvement.
Aim. To establish the prevalence and features of the uveal tract lesion in children with LSH.
Materials and methods. Ten cases with uveal tract lesions were retrospectively reviewed in 110 children with LSH. A comprehensive clinical, laboratory, and instrumental examination was carried out, including magnetic resonance imaging of the brain, electroencephalography, and an ophthalmologist's examination, including viscometry, biomicroscopy, and ophthalmoscopy.
Results. In 9 patients, only the anterior segment of the eye was affected (iridocyclitis); 2 patients had the posterior segment involved, 1 had peripheral chorioretinitis, and 1 patient had a combination of iridocyclitis with central chorioretinitis. The lesion developed immediately after the LSH onset or 6–10 years after the onset of the disease, and half of the children had a recurrent course of the disease. In all children, changes in the uveal tract were detected on the side of the lesion of the scalp and face. In 3 out of 10 patients, iridocyclitis was bilateral. Simultaneously, epileptic syndrome and focal lesions of brain tissue were noted in 2 children with eye lesions. Persistent vision loss in the outcome of the disease was observed in 3 children.
Conclusion. Uveal tract involvement was detected in 0.9% of our group of examined children with LSH, mostly in the form of anterior iridocyclitis. The lesion of the uveal tract can develop both at the onset of scleroderma and after many years of illness, which makes it necessary to perform at least an annual routine examination of the eyes using basic ophthalmological techniques – visometry, biomicroscopy, and ophthalmoscopy. Also, an eye examination is necessary in case of disease recurrence.
Iron deficiency and its impact on post-vaccination immunity: a review
Authors: Lebedev Vyacheslav  V. , Demikhov Valery G. , Lunyakova Mariya A. , Demikhova Elena V. , Nosova Natalia Y.
Published: November 2024

Modern vaccination programs are vital to overcoming the burden of infectious diseases and saving countless lives. The effective functioning of the adaptive immune system involves the interaction of many factors. Recent clinical studies have shown a significant role of iron in developing an immune response to infection and vaccination. Lymphocytes, the immune system's leading cells, cannot fully perform their functions without access to the circulating iron. The amount of iron bound to blood transferrin depends on its intake from food, and it is reduced during active inflammation due to the increase in the production of hepcidin, the main hormone regulating iron metabolism. Since iron deficiency conditions and chronic inflammatory processes are common, the potential impact of iron deficiency on the immune response warrants extensive study. The review presents data confirming the importance of iron for the correct functioning of the immune system and information on the effect of iron deficiency on the development of post-vaccination immunity.
Primary ciliary dyskinesia in children: clinical, laboratory-instrumental and genetic characteristics
Authors: Strelnikova Valeriia A. , Ovsyannikov Dmitriy Y. , Pushkov Alexander А. , Ayrapetyan Maxim I. , Bragina Elizaveta Е. , Bulynko Sergei А. , Voronkova Anna Y. , Gorev Valerii V. , Grigoriadis Nikolay К. , Gutyrchik Tatiana А. , Deeva Evgenia V. , Zhilina Svetlana V. , Karpenko Maxim А. , Kolganova Nataliya I. , Kondakova Olga B. , Laberko Evgeny L. , Malyshev Oleg G. , Nafanailova Elina A. , Reminnaia Alina S. , Simonova Olga I. , Sokolova Natalia А. , Starevskaia Svetlana V. , Topilin Oleg G. , Tsverava Anna G. , Shmeleva Irina O. , Shubina Yuliya F. , Iushina Tatiana I. , Savost'anov Kirill V.
Published: November 2024

Background. Primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) is an orphan disease, and diagnosis is difficult because there is no gold standard for diagnosis.
Aim. Clinical, laboratory-instrumental, genetic characteristics of PCD in children.
Materials and methods. From 2009 to 2024, 31 patients with a genetically confirmed diagnosis of PCD were observed as part of a multicenter, open-ended, descriptive pilot longitudinal study. Examination methods: clinical and anamnestic method; X-ray examination and computed tomography of the chest organs and paranasal sinuses, tracheobronchoscopy; sputum/aspirate cultures of the tracheobroncheal tree with determination of sensitivity to antibiotics; transmission electron microscopy, high-speed video microscopy of the ciliated epithelium, cytological examination of bronchoalveolar lavage; monitoring computer pulse oximetry, echocardiography, audiometry, spirometry with bronchodilator test.
Results. Respiratory symptoms in the neonatal period have 80% of children with PCD, lateralization defects – 35%, congenital heart defects – 13%, bronchiectasis – 68%, purulent endobronchitis – 62%, year-round rhinitis – 84%, hearing loss, otitis – 65%. The average age of onset of symptoms was 1 [1; 1] weeks, and the verification of diagnosis was 6 [2,5; 8] years. The main pathogens of chronic respiratory infection with PCD are Haemophilus influenzae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus. The most common cause of PCD was biallelic variants of the DNAH5 gene.
Conclusion. The diagnosis of PCD should be based on the application of the maximum number of diagnostic tests.
The positive effect of ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation on the cognitive function of children and adolescents with lipid metabolism disorders
Authors: Zakharova Irina N. , Korchagina Iuliya V. , Pshenichnikova Irina I.
Published: November 2024

Aim. To study the effect of ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) on the cognitive functions of children with lipid metabolism disorders of different ages.
Materials and methods. The study included 87 children aged 6 to 17 years who had not previously received ω-3 PUFA supplements. All subjects were tested twice, with an interval of 6 months, to determine the ω-3 erythrocyte index by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and to study attention span and focusing using the correction task method (Bourdon test). The cohort was randomly divided into two groups: the main group, which included 60 children who received the ω-3 supplements, and the control group, which included 27 children who did not receive any nutritional supplements.
Results. In children of the main group, after receiving the Norwegian fish oil NFO® at 1000 mg for 6 months, an increase in the erythrocyte ω-3 index was observed, while in the control group, it did not change significantly. A statistically significant correlation was found between the adequacy of ω-3 PUFA and the attention span and focusing.
Conclusion. The results of the study showed the effectiveness of ω-3 PUFA supplementation at 1000 mg/day for 6 months and confirmed the positive effect of ω-3 PUFA on the cognitive sphere of children and adolescents. High-quality food supplements with ω-3 PUFAs at 1000 mg/day can be recommended to develop intellection, memory, and attention span and focus in children and adolescents.
Theoretical and paremiological foundations of the kazakh tourist discourse
Authors:   AL-FARABI KAZAKH NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, Saurykova Kuralay , Shoibekova Gaziza , Abdrahmanova Zhazira
Published: November 2024

The article considered the manifestations of tourist discourse in Kazakh linguistics. The analysis of the new field of discourse in the Kazakh language at different times expressed by scientists was pre-sented and its own conclusions were made. Tourist discourse is a field that studies new tourist texts in a language. Since the actual linguistic definition was not established, a desire was made to convey the research of each scientist along with a review of foreign literature. It was noted that the Kazakh metal language has not yet been formed, since the tourist discourse contains advertising, symbols, short texts, slang and new words. The way of life, culture, national identity of the people is clearly reflected in Proverbs and sayings, verbal units that have long been formed. Although tourist discourse is a new field for Kazakh linguistics, our language fund contains materials related to travel, tourist routes. Despite the fact that there is a lot of foreign research on tourist discourse, the scientific and literary base in our tour-ist linguistic fund needs to be replenished and studied. In connection with the tourist discourse in the language, examples from our vocabulary were given, comparisons were made with other languages, in-cluding English, Turkish, as well as equivalents and translations in our own language. The slogan, which is transmitted in advertising texts, the place of keywords in tourist discourse was indicated. Also, non-verbal actions in the language will also be an important linguistic tool of tourist discourse. Language is a dynamic phenomenon. Every time you need updates and additions. In accordance with this, the tourist discourse is also constantly updated in accordance with the development of society and technology and is subject to the time factor.
THE IDIOM ‘BREAK THE BANK’ AND ITS TRANSFORMATIONS IN AMERICAN MASS MEDIA (A Corpora-based Analysis)
Authors:   AL-FARABI KAZAKH NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, Suleimenova Eleonora , Khassanova Moldir
Published: November 2024

This paper explores the transformative nature of idioms in mass media, focusing on the frequently encountered idiom “break the bank” and its transformed version “break the internet”. Examining the idioms through a mixed-methods approach, the research employs quantitative analysis using corpora from COCA, Google Book Ngram Viewer and dictionaries, along with qualitative methodologies such as critical discourse analysis and semiotic analysis. The investigation seeks to answer key questions regard-ing the frequency transformation, emergence and social context of these idioms. The study contributes to filling gaps in research on transformed idioms in mass media, offering insights into linguistic innovation and digital communication patterns.Furthermore, this paper examines the crucial principles that drive the transformation of idioms in the digital-time period. By surveying the change from “break the bank”, traditionally linked to financial ruin, to “break the internet”, which conveys online popularity, the study highlights how technological improvement and social media advances linguistic creativity. The modified idiom produces big cultural shifts, illustrating how the influence of Internet changes and reshapes language and communication between people. This analysis is not only important in understanding the notion about the idiom evolu-tion but also provides an understanding that the impact of mass media on everyday language can be thoroughly examined and appreciated.
Tradition and Innovation in Modern Kazakh Poetry
Authors:   AL-FARABI KAZAKH NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, Orda Gulshakhan
Published: November 2024

The article examines the work of a group of young poets who combined modern Kazakh poetry with artistic and stylistic research. In order to show the continuity of the pattern established in national poetry, the content and diversity of innovation, the young poets analyzed the poetic works of Duysinali Alimakyn, Baurzhan Alikozhi, Batyrkhan Sarsenkhan, Baurzhan Maitaiuly, Tursynbek Bashar, Tolkyn Nursaule, Aidana Kaysarbekovina, Asylbek Zhanbyrbai. Since the works of these poets have not entered scientific circulation, it is possible to evaluate the achievements of modern Kazakh poetry by highlight-ing artistic research in their works. The fact that young poets continue the continuity of style in broad epic poems along with short lyrics in Kazakh poetry was determined by real works. In the work of any poet you can find many poems about the homeland, native land. If the lyrics of love for the Motherland, native land, parents, beloved spouse in the works of young poets shows the continuity of tradition, then in modern poetry fresh images and new images can be seen in the depiction of landscape, comparison, parallelism, contrast. Postmodernism, which is one of the main trends in the literature of the 21st cen-tury, has established itself in world literature, as evidenced by the works of Tursynbek Bashar, Baurzhan Maytayuly, as well as many examples of blank verse by Batyrkhan Sarsenkhan. The scientific and practi-cal significance of the study is evident from the fact that it can be widely used in the subjects “Kazakh literature” and “Modern Kazakh literature” in secondary schools and higher educational institutions, gives a lot of information to the scientific community and the reader about artistic research of Kazakh poetry and opens the way for further research into modern Kazakh poetry.