bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The operation modal analysis of the structure crack fault diagnosis based on pseudo-successive data
Authors: Xiaoguang Chen , Jinpeng Yang , Xi Sheng , Zhengang An , Bing Li
Published: October 2017

In order to monitor the crack propagation of the structure in the working state for a long time, an operation modal analysis method based on pseudo-successive data is proposed. The vibration response signals of the cantilever beam under white noise excitation are collected and the modal parameters are extracted by the time-frequency operation modal analysis method based on the complex Morlet wavelet. In comparison with the experimental modal analysis results of hammering method, it is revealed that the error of the time-frequency operation modal analysis method is less than 10 %. By setting cracks of different lengths on the cantilever beam, the vibration response signals are extracted, and the modal parameters are extracted by the operation modal analysis method separately. By comparing those modal parameters above, it is found that the natural frequencies of the second, the fourth and the sixth orders decrease with the increase of the crack depth, and the changes of natural frequencies show the monotonicity. So, it can be used as an index for quantitative identification of crack damage. The pseudo continuous data monitoring signals of crack propagation can be constructed by means of “first discrete, then continuous”. The modal parameters changes of the whole crack propagation can be observed in one time plane by means of the operation modal analysis method. Therefore, the effective monitoring and diagnosis of the structure can be completed in case of excessive data of long-time vibration monitoring signals.
Comparing the performance of suspension system of semi-trailer truck with two air suspension systems
Authors: Le Van Quynh
Published: October 2017

In order to compare the performance of heavy truck suspension system, a 3D dynamic model with 14 degrees of freedom is developed with the dynamic models of the traditional and new air suspension systems to compare the performance of the air suspension systems for reducing the negative impacts on the road surface when vehicle moves on the different road conditions. Dynamic modes of two different types of the air suspension systems are respectively established and a dynamic load coefficient (DLC) is chosen as objective function which uses Matlab/Simulink software to simulate and determine the values of objective function. The results shown that the performance of the new air suspension system is better than the tradition air suspension for reducing the negative impact on road surface under the different operating conditions of vehicle. Especially, the DLC values of wheels at 3rd axle of vehicle with the new air suspension system are respectively reduced by 6.7 %, 7.0 %, 7.4 %, 7.7 % and 8.5 % in comparison with the traditional air suspension system when vehicle moves on the different pavement conditions a velocity of 20 m/s and fully loaded. In addition, the study results not only can provide a reference for designers but also traffic management to reduce the negative impact on road surface.
Rolling bearing fault detection based on local characteristic-scale decomposition and teager energy operator
Authors: Hongmei Liu , Yu Chen
Published: October 2017

In this paper, a rolling bearing fault detection method based on Local Characteristic-scale Decomposition (LCD) and Teager Energy operator (TEO) is proposed. Vibration signals is related to the bearing fault. However, the vibration signal of rolling bearing is nonlinear and has multiple components, which makes it difficult to analyze the signals by using traditional method such as the fast Fourier transform (FFT). LCD, a recently developed signal decomposition method, is especially capable for dealing with the complex signal by decomposing it into several intrinsic scale components (ISC). Furthermore, to extract fault diagnosis of the components, we used TEO to demodulate each ISC. The energy of fault feature frequencies was extracted as fault vector. The result shows that the method successfully diagnoses bearing fault.
Pilot study of oilfield wastewater treatment by micro-flocculation filtration process
Authors: Si Shaoxiong , Yan Zhong , Gong Zhaobo , Liu Pengfei , Zhang Yumin , Xiang Yu
Published: October 2017

In order to meet the latest Environmental Protection Law of China on wastewater discharge standards, this paper studied a pilot-scale micro-flocculation filtration pretreatment process for the treatment of oilfield wastewater. The experiment showed that the removal rate of oil and suspended solids (SS) respectively increased from 91.52% to 95.38% and from 66.42% to 97.19%. After the treatment by the micro-flocculation filtration device, the relevant characteristics of the discharge wastewater satisfied the latest standards continuously. Moreover, the polyaluminum chloride (PAC) dosage was reduced from 200 mg/L to 100 mg/L (50 mg/L in micro-flocculation device and 50 mg/L in the cyclone reactor) at the same time. In order to decrease the degree of scaling in the filter, ceramsite was chosen as the filter material instead of quartz sand that is widely applied in the oilfields. The scaling experiment showed that the HCO3−, Ca2+ and Mg2+ contents in the extract from quartz sand after the scaling study were increased by 38.05, 35.91 and 0.28 mg/L, respectively. Meanwhile, the HCO3−, Ca2+ and Mg2+ contents in the extract from ceramsite were only increased by 13.14, 6.26 and 0.27 mg/L, respectively. Therefore, the ceramsite is not so prone to scaling as compared to quartz sand under identical test conditions, which avoided a hardened and impervious filter after operating for some time. These results suggest that the micro-flocculation filtration with the ceramsite as filter media is a suitable pretreatment process for the oilfield wastewater treatment.
A STUDY OF OCCUPATIONAL STRESS AMONG SPECIAL EDUCATION SCHOOL TEACHERS
Authors: Kaur Inderjeet Pal
Published: October 2017

The present investigation was aimed to study the level of occupational stress among special education school teachers in relation to their gender. Here, a sample of 120 special education school teachers (60 males and 60 females) was selected from 15 special schools of Delhi, Haryana and Rajasthan states through simple random, purposive, convenience and cluster sampling methods. The survey questionnaire Occupational Stress Index developed and standardised by Dr. A.K. Shrivastava and Dr. A. P. Singh (1981) was used for measuring levels of occupational stress among special education school teachers. Percentage analysis, t-test were employed for data analysis. A higher percentage of special education school teachers were found to be experiencing moderate to high level of occupational stress. The dimensions which causes occupational stress are role conflict and ambiguity, powerlessness, low autonomy, low participation in decision making, little colleague social support, high professional expectations, less security, facilities, nature of job, prestige, intellectual stimulation, advancement and emolument and contingent punishment by the administrator. Besides, perceived level of occupational was also found to be related to gender of special education school teachers. A significant difference in mean OSI scores of male and female special education school teachers (t=2.45 which is significant at 0.05 level of significance) was found. The higher value of mean OSI scores (i.e. 126.54) of male special education school teachers than the value of mean OSI scores (i.e. 116.72) of female special education school teachers indicated that the male special education school teachers perceives high level of occupational stress at their workplace in comparison with the female special education school teachers.Thus, authority of the institutions, state managing body and personnel engaged with the administration of the special education institutions are advised to give due consideration to the above factors while planning about educational management. If the national desire for higher quality of education is to be brought in reality, there must emerge, a national concern for and commitment to a higher quality of the educational environment of the special education school teachers.
महासमुन्द जिले में लक्षित सार्वजनिक वितरण प्रणाली के कार्यो का मूल्यांकन
Authors: कौशल विजय कुमार , अग्रवाल राजेश
Published: October 2017

प्रस्तुत अध्ययन पूर्णतः द्वितीयक समंको पर आधारित है छत्तीसगढ़ राज्य के महासमुन्द जिले में लक्षित सार्वजनिक वितरण प्रणाली के कार्यो का मूल्यांकन कर यह जानने का प्रयास किया गया कि बढ़ती मंहगाई से गरीब व कमजोर वर्ग को राहत देने में सार्वजनिक वितरण प्रणाली कितना सार्थक सिद्ध हो रही है। वर्तमान सरकार द्वारा भूखमरी व गरीबी दूर करने के लिए किये गये प्रयास वास्तव में एक अनमोल प्रयास है। इसे न केवल महासमुंद जिला बल्कि पूरा राज्य भूखमरी शून्य राज्य बन गया है।
Pooled Analysis of Multiple Crossover Trials To Optimize Individual Therapy Response to Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System Intervention
Authors: Petrykiv Sergei I. , Laverman Gozewijn Dirk , Persson Frederik , Vogt Liffert , Rossing Peter , de Borst Martin H. , Gansevoort Ronald T. , de Zeeuw Dick , Heerspink Hiddo J.L.
Published: October 2017

Background and objectives

In the treatment of CKD, individual patients show a wide variation in their response to many drugs, including renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibitors (RAASi). To investigate whether therapy resistance to RAASi can be overcome by uptitrating the dose of drug, changing the mode of intervention (with drugs from similar or different classes), or lowering dietary sodium intake, we meta-analyzed individual responses to different modes of interventions.

Design, setting, participants, & measurements

Randomized crossover trials were analyzed to assess correlation of individual responses to RAASi and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs; n=395 patients). Included studies compared the antialbuminuric effect of uptitrating the dose of RAASi (n=10 studies) and NSAIDs (n=1), changing within the same class of RAASi (e.g., angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition to angiotensin receptor blockers; n=5) or NSAIDs (n=1), changing from RAASi to NSAIDs (n=2), and changing from high to low sodium intake (n=5). A two-stage meta-analysis was conducted: Deming regression was conducted in each study to assess correlations in response, and individual study results were then meta-analyzed.

Results

The albuminuria response to one dose of RAASi or NSAIDs positively correlated with the response to a higher dose of the same drug (r=0.72; 95% confidence interval [95% CI], 0.66 to 0.78), changes within the same class of RAASi or NSAIDs (r=0.54; 95% CI, 0.35 to 0.68), changes between RAASi and NSAIDs (r=0.44; 95% CI, 0.16 to 0.66), and changes from high to moderately low salt intake (r=0.36; 95% CI, 0.22 to 0.48). Results were similar when the individual systolic BP and potassium responses were analyzed, and were consistent in patients with and without diabetes.

Conclusions

Individuals who show a poor response to one dose or type of RAASi also show a poor response to higher doses, other types of RAASi or NSAIDs, or a reduction in dietary salt intake. Whether other drugs or drug combinations targeting pathways beyond the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system and prostaglandins would improve the individual poor response requires further study.
The Impact of Top Management Team Characteristics on the Choice of Earnings Management Strategies: Evidence from China
Authors: Qi Baolei , Lin Jerry W. , Tian Gaoliang , Lewis Hua Christine Xin
Published: October 2017

SYNOPSIS

Using a sample of Chinese A-share listed firms from 2000 to 2015, we investigate the association between a firm's use of earnings management strategies and the characteristics of its top management team. Our findings suggest that several demographic characteristics (i.e., age, gender, educational level, and financial work experience) of the entire team, as well as of the CEO/CFO and other team members separately, are significantly associated with both accrual-based and real-activities-based earnings management; these, in turn, may affect the quality of the firm's financial reporting. Our results are consistent with the predictions of the upper echelons theory and have implications for various stakeholders in corporate financial reporting, as well as providing insights to those responsible for selecting and developing upper-level executives.

JEL Classifications: M40; M41.

Data Availability: The data used in this paper are derived from public sources.
Banks' Financial Reporting Frequency and Asset Quality
Authors: Balakrishnan Karthik , Ertan Aytekin
Published: October 2017

We examine the effects of banks' financial reporting frequency from 2000 to 2014 and find that quarterly reporting improves their loan portfolio quality. Sample banks experience a relative decrease of about 11 percent in their nonperforming loans after switching to quarterly financial disclosures. Consistent with market discipline enhancing lending practices, these results are stronger in regimes with weaker depositor insurance and external monitoring, and in those with stronger capital markets. We also find that banks that provide quarterly financial information experience lower deposit interest rates and credit default swap spreads. Collectively, our findings suggest that quarterly reporting reduces banks' risk-taking.

JEL Classifications: G21; G28; G32; M41; M48.
ISOLATION AND PHYTOCHEMICAL TEST OF ANTICANCER ISOLATE OF SPONGE Hyrtios erecta
Authors: Swantara I Made Dira , Rita Wiwik Susanah , Hernindy Rr Anisa
Published: October 2017

AbstractThis research aims to isolate and phytochemically test of the toxic isolate from ethanol extract of the sponge Hyrtios

erecta taken from the waters of Pari Island beach, Thousand Islands (Jakarta). Extraction of the sponges was carried out by

70% ethanol at room temperature. Partition and purification of the compounds were done by column chromatography with the

stationary phase of silica gel and the mobile phase of n-hexane-chloroform (2:8). Toxicity screening test was done based on

Bhrine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT). The compounds of the active isolate were performed by phytochemical test. Based on the

results, it was found that the toxic isolate of Hyrtios erecta sponges has anticancer activity with IC50 of 30,497 ppm. The

anticancer isolate contained alkaloid, steroid, and polyphenol compounds
CAPSULAR GENOTYPING OF Klebsiella pneumoniae ISOLATED FROM CLINICAL SAMPLES AT SANGLAH GENERAL HOSPITAL IN 2013
Authors: Saskara I Made Sutha , Fatmawati Ni Nengah Dwi , Budayanti Ni Nyoman Sri , Budayanti Ni Nyoman Sri , Hidayati Wahyu
Published: October 2017

Klebsiella pneumoniae, one of hospital associated infections agents, become more prevalence in worldwide. It is an opportunistic

pathogen that can cause wide spectrum of diseases such as pneumonia and sepsis. Capability of this bacterium in causing

diseases is influenced by its virulence factors. Capsule (K) is considered as the major virulence factor responsible in avoiding

first defense mechanism of host cells. Almost no study about molecular characterization of capsule is reported in Bali; therefore,

this study is aimed to determine the capsular genotype of  K. pneumoniae isolated from clinical specimens at Sanglah General

Hospital. Samples were collected between January until Desember 2013 in Sanglah General Hospital at Clinical Microbiology

Laboratory. Total of 56 samples were examined taken from blood, urine, pus, sputum, and other sources. All  K. pneumoniae

DNA were then subjected to PCR using specific primer pairs against K1, K2 and K5. The results showed that from 56  K.

pneumoniae clinical isolates only 12 (21.4%) were PCR positive, and all (100%) of them were positive for K2 capsule gene. Ten

(83.3) of them were from blood, 1 (8.3%) from sputum, and 1 (8.3%) from other specimens. Finding of K2 capsule gene in most

K. pneumoniae clinical isolates at Clinical Microbiology Laboratory in Sanglah General Hospital might figure out the

relationship of capsular type with severity of diseases. However, further study of capsule in Bali with higher isolates number will

help in understanding of pathogenicity of K2 capsule in order to treat the infections itself.
DAYA HAMBAT INFUSA RIMPANG KUNYIT (Curcuma longa Linn) TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN Escherichia coli dan Vibrio sp. pada IKAN KERAPU LUMPUR (Epinephelus tauvina) di PASAR KEDONGANAN KABUPATEN BADUNG, BALI
Authors: Sinta Puspa Dewi Ni Putu , Darmayasa I. B. Gede , Sudatri Ni Wayan
Published: October 2017

ABSTRACTFish is perishable food because it contains high enough protein and water, therefore to easy damaged by microorganism. Then the control of mircoorganism should be done to maintaining the quality of fish to stay awake.Turmeric is one of the herbs that has compound content curcumin and fenolik being able to control the growth of contaminants microorganism. The objective of this research is to find out the power of immersion of mudfish grouper (Epinephelus tauvina) by infusa turmeric rhizome (Curcuma longaLinn) through sampled from Kedonganan Market, Bali. The treatment given to mudfish grouper was turmeric rhizome infusion withconcentration of 0%, 5%, 10%, 15% and 20% tested in vitro and in vivo on the growth of E. coli and Vibrio sp. The resourcesinhibited turmeric infusa rhizome is determined by counting the population of bacteria test after treatment by the method of dilution sampling (Plating Method). The results showed that turmeric rhizome infusion was able significantly (P<0,05) inhibitionto the growth of E. coli and Vibrio sp. both in vitro and in vivo. The control (0%) in vitro population E. coli and Vibrio sp. each of 5,23x102 CFU/g and 4,98x102 CFU/g higher than with the treatment of concentration 5%, 10%, 15% and 20%. Population E. coli and Vibrio sp. in testing by in vivo (concentration 0%) each is obtained 4,17x102 CFU/g dan 4,20x102 CFU/g in statistic is different (P<0,05) with the concentration 10%, 15% and 20%. Keywords: Epinephelus tauvina, Curcuma longa Linn, E. coli, Vibrio sp.
Design Contextual Teaching and Learning Approach On Geometry Learning Module
Authors: Wahyuningtyas Dyah Tri
Published: October 2017

Mathematical learning with contextual approach provides an opportunity for students to actively construct mathematical knowledge. In solving a problem which is start from the problems that can be imagined by students and giving them a freedom to find their own strategies to solve it. By posing a contextual problem, students in a stage can master the mathematic concept. The purpose of this research is to develop the design of Contextual Teaching and Learning approach on geometry learning module. This type of research is development research. The phases development of the model and learning tools are carried out in three steps, which are: (1) preliminary research, (2) prototyping phase. The result of design this prototype phase are: (1) design of the geometry learning module, (2) design tools of learning and (3) design of research instrument. The module component consists of: (1) module description, which consists of core competencies and basic competencies to be achieved; (2) the instruction for using the module, that consist of introduction, initial ability checks, activity sheets, conclusion, worksheet, assessment column, and answer key.
Detection of plant parasitic nematodes in the soil of crop field in Meiktila area, Myanmar
Authors: Myint Ni Ni , Aye Yu Yu , Aung Yu Yu , Bawm Saw
Published: October 2017

The occurrence of soil nematodes from groundnut and chilli crop fields were investigated during the period from November 2013 to February 2014. From the collected soil samples, 13 genera belonging to seven families of three orders under two classes were recorded. Among the observed genera, Meloidogyene, was found to be the predominant on the soil samples of both groundnut and chilli crop fields. Moreover, Meloidogyene, Heterodera and Helicotylenchus were found with prominent values of 138, 92 and 85, respectively and occurred in 16%, 11% and 10% of all soil samples, respectively. Paratrichodorus was found to be the lowest in numbers 27 (3%). The data from recent study indicated that the soil samples of groundnut crop field showed higher incidence of nematodes (57%) than that of chilli crop field (43%).
Exode rural et transformation de l'espace dans l'arrière-pays de Fatick (Sénégal)
Authors: Fall Papa Demba
Published: October 2017

Introduction: La présente recherche s’inscrit dans le cadre d’un programme développé par le Réseau d’études des migrations africaines sur la Spécificité des modèles migratoires sénégalais. Il s’agit d’analyser les ruptures et continuités observées dans les modes d’organisation et de gestion des flux migratoires. Les thèses développées ci-dessous sont le produit d’observations menées dans les villages de la commune de Niakhar, au cœur du Sine ou pays des Sérères , qui est connue comme un important terroir d’exode rural.Méthodologie: Pour atteindre les objectifs fixés, des enquêtes de terrain ont été menées en mai et juin 2014 en vue de mesurer l’importance du fait migratoire et son impact sur l’espace. Quarante-huit ménages ont été interrogés sur leurs conditions d’existence en milieu rural et les stratégies déployées afin de surmonter les difficultés de la vie quotidienne en particulier l’exode vers les centres urbains sénégalais. Ces enquêtes ont été complétées par des entretiens approfondis avec des personnes-ressource ou têtes de pont des réseaux migratoires qui résident à Dakar, principale destination des populations étudiées.Résultats: Les enquêtes menées sur les deux versants de la migration sérère que sont Dakar et les villages autour de Niakhar indiquent qu’aujourd’hui plus hier, l’exode vers les centres urbains sénégalais demeure un caractère distinctif de l’arrière-pays de Fatick. Du fait du contrôle social exercé par le groupe social, partir en ville ne signifie nullement rompre avec le terroir d’origine. L’intense circulation migratoire qui caractérise désormais les pratiques locales depuis le désenclavement par la route Fatick-Bambey de la région a un impact positif sur la transformation des villages à la fois au plan de la modernisation progressive de l’habitat et de l’équipement des terroirs en infrastructures communautaires par les associations villageoises.Conclusion: La nouvelle configuration de l’exode sérère se traduit par une diversité de mouvements qui traduisent une volonté de maintien des liens avec le terroir d’origine tout en continuant de profiter des rares opportunités qu’offre encore la ville. Une telle dynamique ne présage certes pas de la fin de l’exode mais, elle consacre une prise de conscience de la difficulté de plus en plus manifeste de tirer profit du mouvement migratoire et la profondeur de la crise et/ou de la pauvreté qui affecte le monde urbain sénégalais.
A SURVEY ON SEVERAL POTENTIALLY PROBLEMATIC AREAS OF PRONUNCIATION FOR IRANIAN EFL LEARNERS
Authors: Khorasgani Amir Toghyani , Khorasgani Ali Toghyani , Aray Narges Keshti
Published: October 2017

Almost all English language teachers get students to study grammar, vocabulary, etc., but some of these same teachers make little attempt to teach pronunciation in any overt way and only give attention to it in passing. Pronunciation teaching not only makes students aware of different sounds and sound features, but can also improve their speaking. Concentrating on sounds, making aware of where words should be stressed, where words made in mouth, give students information about spoken English and help them achieve the goal of improved comprehension and intelligibility. Pronunciation forms a natural link to other aspects of language use, such as listening, vocabulary, and grammar; ways of highlighting this interdependence in teaching need to be explored. The present paper looks at the problems which Iranian learners are deal with through learning English according to the differences between their segmental and suprasegmental patterns in phonology. Comparing the Persian vowel system with that of English reveals some significant differences in the following three areas: 1) the number of vowels, 2) tense/lax distinctions, and 3) the pure/glide. There are also noticeable differences in consonantal distributions between Persian and English such as their numbers, clusters, manner and place of articulation. The syllabus types of English and Persian are also cause a lot of problem in spoken language. The differences between word stress patterns in Persian and English also make problematic areas for Iranian students. In this paper, through detailed examination of Persian and English sound systems, some of the specific problems areas have been identified, especially in reference to some of the characteristic phonological differences between the two languages.Keywords: vowel, consonant, syllable type, stress pattern
ОТ ЭНЕРГОСБЕРЕГАЮЩИХ К КОМФОРТНЫМ ЭНЕРГОПАССИВНЫМ ДОМАМ
Authors: Opekunov V. V.
Published: October 2017

В статье рассмотрены вопросы строительства энергосберегающих и энергопассивных жилых домов. Для оценки качества жилого фонда предлагается ввести сертификаты комфортности дома и жилища.
ДОСЛІДЖЕННЯ ОСОБЛИВОСТЕЙ ФОРМУВАННЯ КОНТАКТНОЇ ЗОНИ «В’ЯЖУЧА РЕЧОВИНА – КЕРАМЗИТОВИЙ ГРАВІЙ» ТА ОЦІНКА ЇЇ ВПЛИВУ НА КІНЕТИКУ НАРОЩУВАННЯ МІЦНОСТІ ЛЕГКИХ БЕТОНІВ
Authors: Pushkarova K. K. , Kaveryn K. O.
Published: October 2017

У статті наведені результати дослідження контактної зони легкого керамзитобетону на основі портландцементу, модифікованого комплексною органо- кремнеземистою добавкою, та встановлено, що використання такої добавки сприяє збільшенню мікротвердості контактної зони «в’яжуча речовина – заповнювач», що позитивно відбивається на швидкості нарощування міцності легких бетонів у часі.
ДОСЛІДЖЕННЯ ПРОЦЕСУ ОХОЛОДЖЕННЯ ЧАСТИНОК СПУЧЕНОГО СИОЛІТУ
Authors: Haponiuk M. M. , Sobchenko V. V.
Published: October 2017

Представлені дослідження процесу охолодження гранули, отримана залежність температури гранули від часу її перебування у холодильному апараті.
ТРАФАРЕТНИЙ ДРУК ПАСТ НА ОСНОВІ НАНОПОРОШКУ ВаТiО3
Authors: Umerova S. O. , Dulina I. O. , Rahulia A. V.
Published: October 2017

Дана стаття присвячена особливостям трафаретного друку паст на основі нанопорошку BaTiO3. Встановлено, що товщина одержаних відтисків визначається вмістом нанопорошку, при цьому збільшення концентрації твердої фази з 10 до 22,56 мас. % призводило до стовщення відтисків з 1,56 до 3,18 мкм. Оптимальними реологічними властивостями були встановлені: ступінь тиксотропності паст на рівні від 6 – 0,9 МПа·с, ефективна в’язкість 30 – 60 Па·с за швидкості зсуву ϒ`= 0,1 с-1 та 1 – 4 Па·с за швидкості здійснення процесу трафаретного друку. Оптимальний тиск ракелю становить 0,0897 МПа.
БАРДА СПИРТОВЫХ ЗАВОДОВ – ЦЕННЫЙ ОТХОД ДЛЯ ПРОИЗВОДСТВА КОРМОВЫХ ДРОЖЖЕЙ И БЕТОНА
Authors: Obodovych A. N. , Sydorenko V. V.
Published: October 2017

В статье представлен обзор свойств и назначение послеспиртовой барды как ценного сырья в биотехнологии (питательная среда в производстве кормовых дрожжей), так и в строительстве (активная добавка в бетон).
ОСОБЛИВОСТІ ФРАКЦІОНУВАННЯ СУМІШЕЙ ВОЛОГИХ КАПІЛЯРНО-ПОРИСТИХ ТІЛ РІЗНОЇ ОБ'ЄМНОЇ МАСИ
Authors: Haponiuk I. I. , Nedbailo O. M.
Published: October 2017

Проаналізовані проблемні питання фракціонування суміші вологих капілярно- пористих тіл різної об'ємної маси. Розглянуті теоретичні основи гравітаційно- вібраційного переміщення сипких тіл різної вологості за перемінного коефіцієнту зовнішнього тертя й конструктивні рішення пристроїв інтенсифікації сепарування. Виконані експериментальні дослідження та отримано напівемпіричні рівняння інтенсифікації фракціонування способом управління коефіцієнтом зовнішнього тертя компонентів суміші вологих капілярно-пористих тіл різної об'ємної маси.
МОДЕЛЮВАННЯ СУМІСНОГО ВПЛИВУ СОНЯЧНОЇ ТА ТЕПЛОВОЇ РАДІАЦІЇ НА РІВЕНЬ ОПАЛЕННЯ ПРИМІЩЕННЯ
Authors: Deshko V. I. , Bilous I. Iu. , Zhyzha M. I.
Published: October 2017

В статті розглянуто стаціонарну модель сумісного впливу сонячної та теплової радіації на рівень опалення приміщень за дотримання сталої температури приміщення для ряду факторів, таких як величина сонячних теплонадходжень, теплофізичні властивості зовнішньої стіни та вікна, зміна площі засклення.
Usutu virus infections among blood donors, Austria, July and August 2017 – Raising awareness for diagnostic challenges
Authors: Bakonyi Tamás , Jungbauer Christof , Aberle Stephan W. , Kolodziejek Jolanta , Dimmel Katharina , Stiasny Karin , Allerberger Franz , Nowotny Norbert
Published: October 2017

Between July and August 2017, seven of 12,047 blood donations from eastern Austria, reacted positive to West Nile virus (WNV) in the cobas test (Roche). Follow-up investigations revealed Usutu virus (USUV) nucleic acid in six of these. Retrospective analyses of four blood donors diagnosed as WNV-infected in 2016 showed one USUV positive. Blood transfusion services and public health authorities in USUV-endemic areas should be aware of a possible increase of human USUV infections.
Dust Structure Around White Dwarf WD 1003-44 in 60 & 100 μm Iras Survey
Authors: Aryal Binil , Weinberger Ronald
Published: October 2017

We studied the dust structures in 100 micron infrared image around the white dwarf WD 1003-441. The post Asymptotic Giant Branch (AGB) emission of the white dwarf's precursors' wind and the ambient interstellar matter is studied. For this, distribution of the relative flux density is studied and analyzed in the context of the dust color temperature, mass loading trend and the amount of total mass deposited due the interaction in the interstellar medium. The 100 micron far-infrared image is provided by the Groningen server of Infrared Astronomical Satellite (IRAS) survey. The curved emission structure at 100 micron in the region of interest is probably due to the interaction between the ambient interstellar medium and the He-flashes of the parent planetary nebula of the central white dwarf WD 1003-441. This white dwarf is a PG1159 star with 9-11 detected periods and an associated planetary nebula mass ejection. The total mass of the filamentary arc is found to be ~ 8 x 10-2 solar masses, as predicted. The mass loss rate of the post AGB star goes up to 10-5 solar masses per year. It is concluded that the first He-flash occurred at least ~1000 years ago. The amount of total mass around this white dwarf is about ~ 0.134 solar mass. The maximum and minimum dust color temperature around the white dwarf is found to be 19.0 K (±1.5 K) and 22.0 K (±2.0 K), respectively.Key-Words: White dwarf; Interstellar medium; Flux density; Interstellar dust; Mass of the gasThe Himalayan Physics Vol.2, No.2, May, 2011Page: 5-10Uploaded Date: 31 July, 2011
Higher Dimensional Differential Equations for Some Real World S imulation Processes and Solutions Thereof
Authors: Yadav R. N. , Chakrabarti S. K.
Published: October 2017

Higher dimensional differential equations may express several real world simulation processes which depend upon their pre-history and subject to short-time disturbances. Such processes occur in the theory of optimal control, population dynamics, biotechnologies, economics, mathematical physics etc. So, the study of this class of dynamical systems is gradually gaining momentum. In the present work Avery-Peterson theorem has been envisaged for getting the positive periodic solutions of the corresponding differential equations for cones with impulses on time scales. By using the multiple fixed-point theorems we have shown through different lemmas and manipulation of several functions how the necessary criteria can be mathematically arrived at so that the results come to be feasible as well as effective.Keywords: Real world simulation processes; Theory of optimal control; Population dynamics; Biotechnologies; EconomicsThe Himalayan Physics Vol.2, No.2, May, 2011Page: 50-53Uploaded Date: 1 August, 2011
Adhesion Force Measurement of Mica surface using AFM
Authors: Subedi Chetan , Lamichhane S K
Published: October 2017

AFM is a tool to study the surface topography and associated molecular forces in real space image. AFM force-distance spectroscopy is the platform on which one can quantify atomic or molecular interactions and hence provide information that is critical to understand potential energy surface of mica through the measurement of pull-off force.Keywords: AFM; Force distance curve; Nanoscale; Pull off forceThe Himalayan PhysicsVol.2, No.2, May, 2011Page: 71-72Uploaded Date: 1 August, 2011
A Brief Overview of AFM Force Distance Spectroscopy
Authors: Khatiwada Devendra , Lamichhane Shobha Kanta
Published: October 2017

Study of forces between the sample and the AFM cantilever tip is the basic in AFM force distance study. AFM plays vital role and acts as the Hooken’s response giving rise to the force measurement. Force characterization depends on various conditions. That yield basic theories like JKR , DMT interaction etc. have been using for its explanation.Key words: AFM; Hooken's response; UHV; JKR; DMTThe Himalayan PhysicsVol.2, No.2, May, 2011Page: 80-83Uploaded Date: 1 August, 2011
The Grand Design by Stephen Hawking and Leonard Mlodinow
Authors: Regmi Jeevan
Published: October 2017

The Grand Design by Stephen Hawking and Leonard Mlodinow Bantam Books on 2011. ISBN0553805371.The Himalayan Physics Vol.2, No.2, May, 2011 Page: 84-86 Uploaded Date: 1 August, 2011
Contamination of Trichloroethylene in Drinking Water System and Its Degradation
Authors: Adhikari Devi Lal , Sato Chikashi , Lamichhane Shobha Kanta
Published: October 2017

Photolysis and sonolysis of trichloroethylene (TCE) in water was investigated using a cup-horn, flow-through reactor system. Water containing titanium dioxide was deliberately contaminated with TCE. These solutions were irradiated with ultraviolet light (UV) and ultrasonic waves (US). The decrease in the TCE concentration was observed in water under both US and UV treatments. Present findings declare that the use of UV and US decreased the TCE concentration. With the reactor specifications used, the photolysis and sonolysis processes can produce water meeting the drinking water standard (MCLs of 5?g/L) for TCE.The Himalayan PhysicsVol. 3, No. 32012Page : 13-17
Calculated Molecular Structures Of Anion Ubiquinone In The Gas Phase, In Solvents And In The Qa Binding Site Of Purple Bacteria Reaction Centers
Authors: Lamichhane Hari Prasad
Published: October 2017

Structural properties of ubiquinone one anion radical (UQ1-) are studied in the gas phase and in QA binding site of purple bacteria reaction center using Gaussian 03. Polarizable continuum model (PCM) and Our own N-layered quantum mechanics + molecular mechanics (ONIOM) methods have been used to optimize the UQ1- molecule in solvent and in the QA binding site of purple bacteria Rhodobactor sphaeroides reaction centers. The UQ1- molecule exist four equivalent conformations of methoxy groups in the gas phase and solvents. However, all four conformations reduce to one in the QA binding site of the purple bacteria reaction centers. Both carbonyl (C=O) bond lengths are similar in all four conformations in the gas phase and in solvents. However, C4=O bond is slightly longer than C1=O bond in the QA binding site. This result infers that QA binding site impacts asymmetric interaction on the carbonyl groups of the quinone molecule.The Himalayan PhysicsVol. 3, No. 32012Page : 18-23
Free Energy of Mixing of the Binary Liquid Alloys of Sodium
Authors: Chakrabarti S. K. , Akhter J. , Sinha R.
Published: October 2017

Sodium is a highly reactive alkali metal. Within a binary liquid alloy it generally forms complexes. Due to formation of such complexes the thermodynamic properties of the binary alloys of sodium often show anomaly-deviating maximally from that of the ideal alloys. In the present work we have confined our investigation into the free energy of mixing (GM) of two binary alloys of sodium in liquid phase-Na-Pb and Na-Hg-near the melting point. For this purpose we have used Flory’s model and started with the activity of sodium in the sodium-lead liquid alloy and that of mercury in the sodium amalgam at molten stage. By the method of successive approximations we have ascertained the value of interchange energy for each alloy in the light of the experimental values of activity and finally computed GM for different concentrations of the constituent species. Our computation explains the observed symmetry and anomaly in the free energy of mixing of the Na-Pb and Na-Hg liquid alloys respectively.The Himalayan PhysicsVol. 3, No. 32012Page : 24-26
Effects of Electromagnetic Fields on Human Beings and Electronic Devices
Authors: Jha Binaya Kumar
Published: October 2017

The electromagnetic energy is absorbed in some proportion in the human body and certainly has some effects. In this study, the electromagnetic radiations from electronic devices on the human and electronic devices on the human and electronic devices was investigated. The human head model was simulated and the results were compared with the results of the studies in the literature. The Himalayan PhysicsVol. 3, No. 32012Page : 38-39
Differential Scanning Calorimetry, NBO and Hyperpolarizability Analysis of Yohimbine Hydrochloride
Authors: Joshi Bhawani Datt , Tandon Poonam , Jain Sudha
Published: October 2017

Yohimbine (C21H27N2O3) is one of the most important indole alkaloid. Differential scanning calorimetry, natural bond orbital (NBO) analysis and dipole moment with hyperpolarizability have been performed for molecular characterization. Stability of the molecule arising from hyper conjugative interactions, charge delocalization has been analyzed using NBO analysis. The results show that charge in electron density (ED) in the ?* and ?* anti bonding orbitals and E(2) energies confirms the occurrence of intra molecular charge transfer (ICT) within the molecule.The Himalayan PhysicsVol. 3, No. 32012Page : 44-49
New Scientific Facilities and Directions in Molecular Astrophysics
Authors: Gautam Arjun Kumar
Published: October 2017

A brief overview is given of major current and future observational facilities which will enable new scientific opportunities in the study of interstellar and circumstellar molecules , ranging from the early universe to protoplanetary disks and exoplanatory atmospheres. Close interaction between astronomers and laboratory astrophysicists will be essential to read the full scientific harvest from these major investments.The Himalayan Physics Vol. 4, No. 4, 2013 Page: 102-105 Uploaded date: 12/23/2013
Public Communication on Science and Technology
Authors: Lamichhane Shobha Kanta
Published: October 2017

'Comfort living' is the indicator of the development of a nation. Comfortable and prosperous living cannot be imagined without proper use of science and technology (S&T). And, technology cannot survive without a strong foundation of development in science. S&T research in nanotechnology promises breakthrough in medicine and healthcare, energy and environment, nanoelectronics and national security etc. It is widely felt that nanotechnology will be the next industrial revolution. We Nepalese people are unfortunate since we don't have proper national planning in S&T and let it be keep into least priority. The Himalayan Physics Year 5, Vol. 5, Kartik 2071 (Nov 2014)Page: 12-16
Spatial Variation of Seismicity in Central Himalayan Region
Authors: Adhikari Bhesha Raj , Paudyal H.
Published: October 2017

Spatial variation of seismicity in Central Himalayan Region for the period 1964 to 2008 has been studied. Seismic activity is highly concentrated in western Nepal, fairly scattered in central Nepal and concentrated in south-eastern Nepal where the activity offset towards North from major faults.The Himalayan Physics Year 5, Vol. 5, Kartik 2071 (Nov 2014)Page : 47-50
Medical Science and Physics
Authors: Lamsal Min Raj
Published: October 2017

The study of physics seems to be theoretical or abstract. The connections between physics and real life can seem remote. But in reality physics is not a purely abstract subject. Like other branches of science, physics has a pure theoretical side and an applied side. The principles of physics are applied in a vast range of contexts from the building of bridges to the design of integrated circuits. Much of the technological revolution has its foundations in the applied physics. One of the major applications of physics which covers vast area of scientific knowledge is medicine. The knowledge of physics is essential for ultrasound, hologram, X-rays, laser therapy, radiotherapy, endoscopy, MRI, CT scanning, ECG, EEG, PET and so on in the field of medical science. The theoretical principles have to be learned and understood first if the applications are to be understood The Himalayan Physics Vol. 5, No. 5, Nov. 2014 Page: 91-97
Physics Behind the Climate Change
Authors: Regmi Jeevan
Published: October 2017

There is an urgent need for science to inform society about the cost of failure to address the global warming. The challenges offered by global climate change have not been fully recognized by the public and decision making bodies. The severity of climate change has not been taken seriously. It is limited to declarations and propagandas only. Time has come to act globally. The Himalayan Physics Vol. 5, No. 5, Nov. 2014 Page: 98-101
Energy Crisis and Nuclear Fusion Power
Authors: K.C. Hari
Published: October 2017

Due to the rapid industrialization and luxurious life style of mankind all of the non renewable sources of energy are going to finish in near future. To address energy crisis problem it is necessary to search or invent long lasting new sources of energy which could run the world for long term. Here, in this article a attempt has been made to discuss a new source of energy called nuclear fusion process. Several methods made to produce energy from nuclear fusion process are tried to discuss here. Fusion power offers the prospect of an almost inexhaustible source of energy for future generations, but it also presents so far insurmountable scientific and engineering challenges. The main hope is centered on tokamak reactors which confine deuterium-tritium plasma magnetically. The Himalayan Physics Year 5, Vol. 5, Kartik 2071 (Nov 2014)Page: 131-136
Vibrational frequency analysis of CH3Cl molecule; ab initio study
Authors: Subedi Shiba , Nakarmi Jeevan Jyoti
Published: October 2017

First-principles calculations implemented by Gaussian 09 sets of programs has been performed in order to study the stability, electronic properties, nature of bonding and vibrational frequency assignments for CH3Cl molecule using QCISD levels of approximation with the choice of basis set 6-31G(d, p). Quantum Theory of Atoms In Molecule (QTAIM) approach has been adopted for bonding analysis and HOMO, LUMO energies were taken as the central aspects for discussing the chemical reactivity of the studied system. The vibrational frequency shift due to isotopic substitution of C-atom and Cl-atom in title molecule has been discussed. The Himalayan Physics Year 5, Vol. 5, Kartik 2071 (Nov 2014)Page: 142-145
Enhancement of Electron Movement in Cytochrome c protein with Water Hydration
Authors: Pant Amba Datt
Published: October 2017

Muon spin rotation and relaxation (µSR) measurements have been carried out on oxidized form of cytochrome c protein to understand the relation of electron transfer with water hydration at room temperature. Analysis of µSR data following the Risch-Kehr theory shows that intra- and inter-chain electron movement in the protein enhanced significantly. The three-dimensional diffusion of electron in wet sample (20% relative humidity) is increased around 75% with respect to that in dry sample (5% relative humidity).The Himalayan Physics Vol. 6 & 7, April 2017 (20-23)
Electronic and Magnetic Properties of Half Metallic Heusler Alloy Co2mnsi: A First-Principles Study
Authors: Sharma Prakash , Kaphle Gopi Chandra
Published: October 2017

Heusler alloys have been of great interest because of their application in the field of modern technological word. Electronic and magnetic properties of Co, Mn, Si and the Heusler alloy Co2MnSi have been studied using Density functional theory based Tight Binding Linear Muffin Tin Orbital with Atomic Sphere Approximation (TB-LMTO-ASA) approach. From the calculation lattice parameter of optimized structure of Co, Mn, Si and Co2MnSi are found to be 2.52A0 , 3.49A0 , 5.50A0 , 5.53A0 respectively. Band structure calculations show that Co and Mn are metallic, Si as semi-conducting while the Heusler alloy Co2MnSi as half-metallic in nature with band gap 0.29eV. The charge density plot indicates major bonds in Co2MnSi are ionic in nature. Magnetic property has been studied using the density of states (DOS), indicating that Co and Co2MnSi are magnetic with magnetic moment 2.85μB and 4.91μB respectively. The contribution of orbitals in band, DOS and magnetic moment are due to d-orbitals of Co and Mn and little from s and p-orbital of Si in Co2MnSi.The Himalayan Physics Vol. 6 & 7, April 2017 (31-36)
Construction of Dirac Delta Function from the Discrete Orthonormal Basis of the Function Space
Authors: Lamichhane Hari Prasad
Published: October 2017

Orthonormal basis of the function space can be used to construct Dirac delta function. In particular, set of eigenfunctions of the Hamiltonian operator of a particle in one dimensional infinite potential well forms a non-degenerate discrete orthonormal basis of the function space. Such a simple basis set is suitable to study closure property of the basis and various properties of Dirac delta function in Physics graduate lab.The Himalayan Physics Vol. 6 & 7, April 2017 (54-57)
Parametric Instability in Mathieu Equation in Earthquake Dynamics
Authors: Torres-Silva H. , López-Bonilla J. , Iturri-Hinojosa A. , Torres Cabezas D.
Published: October 2017

We propose an study of parametric resonance between P-waves and S-waves, which can be used to describe various nonlinear phenomena qualitatively and to obtain bifurcation diagrams quantitatively. We have shown that it is a good simulation of parametric phenomena, and our results are in good agreement with theoretical predictions. In particular, it may be used to study the influence of pump P waves on the instability’s threshold and amplitude of S waves in earthquake phenomena that could be simulated with an electronic model.The Himalayan Physics Vol. 6 & 7, April 2017 (73-75)
A Study of Exposure of Overall Background Radiation In Syangja District of Nepal
Authors: Timilsina S. , Poudel K. R. , Poudel P. R.
Published: October 2017

Correction: On 14th August 2023 the initial of the first author was changed from 'T' to 'S' in order to match the information on the PDF.
This study presents general exposure of background radiation to the people living or visiting nine places of Syangja district. A portable GM counter was used to quantify the total radiation at those places. The findings of this study show variation of radiation level at different places. Comparatively large values of radiation counts are observed at high altitude places (Gurung Dada: 70.23 cpm and Pokhari Dada: 64.77 cpm). The value of radiation count inside room is comparatively larger than that at outside room for these places. Moreover, small value of radiation count is observed at river side (Bank of Aandhikhola river: 21.63 cpm). Little large values are observed near Saligram stones and ancient statue than at other regions of one historical/religious place. Hence, results show fluctuations of background radiation level for different places. Some places have comparatively large value of radiation count while some places have comparatively small value. But there is no any abnormal value of radiation counts for all sample places. So there is, generally, no significant risk of public exposure to the background radiation for sample places.
The Himalayan Physics Vol. 6 & 7, April 2017 (92-95)
Rupture Dynamics and Seismological Variables in Earthquake
Authors: Regmi Jeevan Regmi
Published: October 2017

The Earthquake results by the movement of tectonic plates. There might be various causes of motion of these plates. Based on type of motion and speed of collision, the nature and strength of earthquake varies. It is difficult to present an unique model of physics to explain the earthquake since the nature and strength significantly varies with time and place.The Himalayan Physics Vol. 6 & 7, April 2017 (96-99)