bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Beyond energy harvesting: a review on the critical role of MXene in triboelectric nanogenerator
Authors: Zhao Zequan , Cao Xia , Wang Ning
Published: April 2024

In the field of advanced materials and energy harvesting, MXene has played a pivotal role in advancing the development of triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs). This contribution is notable not only in terms of enhancing the performance of TENGs but also in expanding their application range. A comprehensive review of MXene materials is offered herein to delve into the significant impact of MXene on the growing efficiency of energy harvesting and widening application in areas ranging from energy harvesters to physiochemical sensors to self-powered intelligent systems. We begin with the fundamentals of MXene and TENGs, then highlight how MXene improves TENGs via its integration into the triboelectrification and electrode layers to increase the electronegativity, charge density, and introduce self-healing and stretchability. The discussion then extends to the modifications in MXene that boost the electrical output, stability, and collection efficiency of TENGs. Additionally, the review covers the diverse applications of MXene-based TENGs in extreme environments, respiratory monitoring, and multi-purpose devices, emphasizing its critical role in promoting TENGs to future self-powered intelligent systems.
Sosialisasi Penyuluhan Stop Bullying di SMPN 2 Dusun Tengah Kabupaten Barito Timur
Authors: Fakhri
Published: April 2024

ABSTRAK: Perundungan (bullying) menjadi masalah sosial yang tidak pernah berakhir di tengah masyarakat dan lingkungan sekolah. Pencegahan bullying disekolah dapat dilakukan antara lain dengan menggiatkan pengawasan dan pemberian sanksi secara tepat pada pelaku bullying. Cara lain dengan melakukan penyuluhan melalui berbagai cara, salah satunya memasukkan materi bullying ke dalam pembelajaran yang akan berdampak positif bagi pengembangan pribadi para murid. Tujuan pengabdian ini adalah memberi edukasi pencegahan bullying pada pelajar. Partisipan pengabdian adalah sekolah, pelajar, dan anggota pengabdian sendiri. Dalam kegiatan pengabdian ini, metode yang digunakan adalah dengan model penyuluhan dan dialog interaktif sehingga selain memberikan informasi tentang dampak perbuatan bullying di SMPN2 Dusun Tengah, Guru berserta siswa/siswi juga ikut aktif dalam dialog sehingga terjalinnya komunikasi yang baik. Hasilnya, pelajar semakin tahu bahwa Perundungan (bullying) adalah tindakan yang salah dan sangat tidak pantas dilakukan di lingkungan sekolah.
Kata kunci : Perundungan, Stop Bullying, Sekolah Menengah Pertama
ABSTRACT: Bullying is a social problem that never ends in the community and school environment. Prevention of bullying in schools can be done, among others, by intensifying supervision and imposing appropriate sanctions on bullies. Another way is to conduct counseling through various ways, one of which is incorporating bullying material into learning that will have a positive impact on the personal development of students. The purpose of this service is to provide bullying prevention education to students. Participants of service are schools, students, and members of the service themselves. In this service activity, the method used is a model of counseling and interactive dialogue so that in addition to providing information about the impact of bullying in SMPN2 Dusun Tengah, teachers and students also actively participate in dialogue so that good communication is established. As a result, students increasingly know that bullying is wrong and very inappropriate in the school environment.
Keywords: Bullying, Stop Bullying,Junior High School
Effect of Oat Lotion Toward Itching Sensation in Hemodialysis Patients with Pruritus at Hospitals
Authors: Toruan Elisabeth Novita Angriani L. , Tanjung Dudut , Siregar Cholina Trisa
Published: April 2024

The itching sensation felt by hemodialysis patients who experience pruritus causes discomfort and can even affect the patient's quality of life. Complementary therapy in the form of topical such as oat lotion can be done to overcome the itching sensation in hemodialysis patients who experience pruritus. The purpose of this research is to identify the effect of oat lotion toward itching sensation on hemodialysis patients who experienced pruritus at Medan City Hospital. Data is collected using a questionnaire consisting of a demographic data questionnaire, 5D-IS, and self-reported form. This research uses a quasi-experimental study with a total of 80 respondents consisting of 40 respondents from the intervention group and 40 respondents from the control group selected by simple random sampling technique. The results of statistical analysis with the Mann Whitney U Test showed that there is a difference in itching sensation between the intervention group and the control group after administration of oat lotion (p < 0.05).
Pengaruh dukungan keluarga dan masyarakat terhadap perilaku pengobatan pasien HIV/AIDS di Kabupaten Tulungagung
Authors: Dwi Prasetio Ossi , Nursalam  , Qur'aniati Nuzul
Published: April 2024

HIV/AIDS is still a problem in the world, especially in Indonesia. World Health Organization explained that HIV is a public issue worldwide. The high incidence of HIV/AIDS is related to free sex. In overcoming the problem of HIV/AIDS, patients must take anti-retroviral drugs which only improve the quality of life. But in reality, there are still many patients who do not comply with the treatment. As for the factors that can affect the low adherence to taking anti-retroviral drugs in people with HIV/AIDS in the form of family and community support. This study aims to determine the effect of family and community support on adherence to taking anti-retroviral drugs in HIV/AIDS sufferers in Tulungagung Regency. This research is an observational analytic study with a cross sectional approach. The research sample consisted of 60 HIV/AIDS patients. The research instrument used a questionnaire and statistical tests using Spearman rank. The results showed that there was an effect of family support on the treatment behavior of HIV/AIDS patients in Tulungagung Regency with p value = 0.011. There is no effect of community support on the treatment behavior of HIV/AIDS patients in Tulungagung Regency with p value = 0.835. The importance of family support in the process of treating patients with HIV/AIDS and the need to identify other factors that can affect adherence to taking antiretroviral drugs in people with HIV/AIDS.
Hubungan Life Style dengan Kejadian Hipertensi pada Dewasa Pertengahan
Authors: Yulandari Nur Yusra , Sandra Sandra , Saputra Bayu
Published: April 2024

Penelitian ini memiliki tujuan untuk mengidentifikasi hubungan life style dengan kejadian hipertensi pada dewasa pertengahan. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif dengan desain deskriptif korelasi menggunakan pendekatan Cross Sectional dan teknik sampling digunakan yaitu accidental sampling. Populasi penelitian adalah pasien dewasa pertengahan (45-59 tahun) di Puskesmas Rejosari yang berjumlah 1.014 jiwa. Sampel dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 182 orang. Analisis univariat menggunakan distribusi frekuensi, dan bivariat menggunakan uji chi square. Gambaran life style berdasarkan aktivitas fisik, mayoritas pasien tergolong tidak aktif (64,3%), dengan pola makan yang buruk (55,5%), dan seorang perokok (56,0%). Hasil analisis bivariat menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan aktivitas fisik dengan kejadian hipertensi (p-value= 0,048<0,05), pola makan berhubungan kejadian hipertensi (p-value= 0,000<0,05), pola makan berhubungan dengan hipertensi (p-value= 0,000<0,05), dan merokok berhubungan dengan hipertensi (p-value= 0,000<0,05). Penelitian ini merekomendasikan kepada Puskesmas Rejosari agar dapat meningkatkan pemberian informasi pada pasien usia dewasa pertengahan untuk  meningkatkan kesadaran untuk menerapkan life style yang lebih baik
Penanganan Covid-19 di Lapas Indonesia oleh Perawat Pemasyarakatan
Authors: Aisyah Siti , Indriany Megah , Anggorowati
Published: April 2024

Kasus Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) terjadi di seluruh dunia dan menyebar ke LembagaPemasyarakatan (LAPAS). Penyebaran virus dan penambahan korban yang begitu cepat telah menjadi fokusLAPAS dalam penanganan COVID-19. Gambaran tentang perawat pemasyarakatan dalam penangananCOVID-19 LAPAS di Indonesia belum ada dan penting untuk diketahui perpseptif dari perawatpemasyarakatan terkait penanganan COVID-19 di LAPAS. Tujuan studi kasus ini untuk mengetahui gambaranpenanganan COVID-19 di LAPAS Indonesia oleh perawat pemasyarakatan. Metode: Penelitian inimenggunakan metode Collective case kepada empat perawat yang bekerja di LAPAS dan pernah terlibat dalamprogram penanggulangan COVID-19 di LAPAS. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan wawancara semiterstruktur secara luring dan daring dengan pedoman wawancara dan alat perekam suara. Analisis data yangdigunakan metode Miles & Huberman. Hasil studi kasus menunjukan perawat pemasyarakatan melakukanpencegahan penularan COVID-19 dengan pemberian edukasi terkait prokes COVID-19, pembatasan kunjungandan edukasi kepada staf LAPAS, pencegehan dan penanganan COVID-19 di LAPAS, Kendala dalampenanganan COVID-19 di LAPAS dan berkolaborasi dengan pihak internal dan eksternal LAPAS dalampenanganan COVID-19 di LAPAS. Kesimpulan: perawat melakukan modifikasi dalam penerapan isolasi diLAPAS, dengan pemberlakuan pemberian label isolasi pada satu blok hunian dalam waktu yang sudahdintentukan, tanpa dilakukan tracing pada WBP yang kontak erat, hal ini dilakukan sebagai solusi keterbatasanruangan dan APD. Selain itu perawat juga melakukan edukasi melalui sound dan radio untuk mengurangikontak dengan WBP. Saran yang dapat diberikan peneliti kepada LAPAS untuk tidak lagi diberlakukanpenyemprotan dengan cairan desinfektan kepada WBP yang baru masuk dan melakukan kerjasama lintassektoral
Aktivitas Fisik Penderita Diabetes Mellitus Terhadap Nilai Handgrip Strength Test
Authors: Diani Noor , Maulana Irfan , Isnarawati Zakianor , Farany Khanza Alyssa
Published: April 2024

Diabetes melitus merupakan penyakit metabolik yang memiliki kumpulan gejala akibat peningkatan kadar glukosa darah di atas nilai normal karena penurunan kemampuan tubuh untuk bereaksi dengan insulin, gangguan sekresi insulin, atau keduanya. Aktivitas fisik yang kurang dapat memicu pertambahan berat badan sehingga mengalami obesitas yang dapat meningkatkan risiko diabetes melitus. Handgrip strength test merupakan metode untuk memprediksi resiko malnutrisi pada pasien akibat komplikasi penyakit, seperti diabetes melitus. Hal ini disebabkan kondisi hiperglikemia yang mempengaruhi fungsi kontraktil dan kekuatan otot sehingga menurunkan kekuatan genggam otot. Tujuan dalam penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis aktivitas fisik penderita diabetes melitus terhadap nilai handgrip strength test. Rancangan penelitian ini adalah deskriptif analitik dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Tehnik pengambilan sampel berupa purposive sampling dengan jumlah responden 40 orang. Hasil yang didapatkan adalah p-value antara nilai handgrip dan aktivitas fisik adalah 0.894 > 0,05, kesimpulan tidak terdapat hubungan aktivitas fisik dan nilai handgrib pasien diabetes melitus Hal ini tergambar pasien diabetes melitus berupaya mengurangi aktivitas beratnya (aktivitas fisik sedang: 42,5%) sehubungan kekuatan ototnya berkurang (nilai handgrip yang kurang: 90,0%).
Awal Mula dan Daya Tarik Etnis Tionghoa Datang ke Banjarmasin
Authors: Apriza Rahmat , Handy Muhammad Rezky Noor , Fathurrahman Fathurrahman , Yuliantri Rhoma Dwi Aria
Published: April 2024

The arrival of an ethnic group in a new area is part of an activity that always occurs at all times. The Chinese ethnicity is one of the foreign ethnicities which is quite easy to find in the Banjarmasin area. Basically, Banjarmasin is part of the Malay and Dayak families. So the arrival of foreign ethnic groups such as the Chinese ethnic in this city is a very interesting topic to discuss. This study aims to trace the initial process of the arrival of the ethnic Chinese and the attraction that made the ethnic group anchor their shipping destinations to this city of a Thousand Rivers. The method used in this study is the historical method which consists of heuristics (source gathering), criticism, interpretation and historiography. Heuristics was carried out by collecting sources or data obtained from interviews with several ethnic Chinese who lived in Banjarmasin and through several written documents regarding the topic of this research. Then proceed with the stage of criticism of sources internally and externally. After going through the criticism stage, an interpretation (interpretation) is carried out in order to process the information from the sources that have been obtained. The final stage is to write (historiography). The research results obtained were that the arrival of ethnic Chinese in Banjarmasin began with shipping and trade activities in the coastal areas of Banjarmasin. The arrival of traders from the Bamboo Curtain country began to develop into a colony which was formed into a village. Banjarmasin itself has an attraction for migrants, namely the wealth of natural resources and the bustling trading port in the coastal area of Banjarmasin Time Formerly. The ethnic Chinese reside and can still be traced to this day and are able to blend in well with the people around them.
Thaigardenia (Rubiaceae: Gardenieae), a new genus distributed from Thailand to South China
Authors:   Department of Forest Biology, Faculty of Forestry, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand, Sungkaew Sarawood , Arthan Watchara ,   Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand, Teerawatananon Atchara ,   Natural History Museum, National Science Museum, Technopolis, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand, Chamchumroon Voradol ,   Forest Herbarium, Department of National Parks, Wildlife and Plant Conservation, Bangkok 10900, Thailand, Neo Louise ,   Singapore Botanic Gardens, National Parks Board, 1 Cluny Road, 259569, Singapore, Wong Khoon Meng ,   Singapore Botanic Gardens, National Parks Board, 1 Cluny Road, 259569, Singapore
Published: April 2024

Identified as Gardenia over a century ago, three known species from Thailand to south China differ considerably from typical members of that genus, from which growth habits, aspects of branch architecture and corolla shape set them apart. They form a new genus, here named Thaigardenia, the species of which are scrambling to thicket-forming shrubs to sometimes treelets or small trees. They have typically unequal (asymmetric) development of each internode that offsets what began as opposite pairs of axillary buds (and potential axillary branches) from subtending leaf axils at the same level, and small infundibular corollas with insignificant tubular bases. In contrast, typical Gardenia are non-scrambling shrubs or trees, often have extra-axillary buds or branches that consistently continue to develop at the same level (i.e., remaining opposite); and showy hypocrateriform (salverform) corollas with elongate tubular bases. The unequal development of different sides of an internode that brings an initially opposite pair of axillary buds (branches) to different levels, so that they do not appear paired subsequently, is, as far as is known, unique and unknown in other Rubiaceae or opposite-leaved plants; this shared feature is a key synapomorphic character for species of the newly recognised genus.
Editorial
Authors: Robertson Peter J. , Alexander Rosie
Published: April 2024

This editorial sets the scene for the special issue, and provides an introduction to thinking about disciplinarity and  interdisciplinarity in the field of career development.
Integrating the disciplines: Applying sociology of third space to contemporary, constructivist career development
Authors: Veles Natalia , Kim Sujin
Published: April 2024

The field of career development is grounded in diverse sociological perspectives contributing to addressing the complex interplay between individuals and societal contexts. This paper advocates for the use of a third space theory from cultural sociology traditions to working with marginalised clients and developing culturally sensitive career interventions. Within this theory, the relationship between career counsellor and client is conceptualised as a productive boundary zone of an intercultural dialogue, which occurs in a broader environmental-societal system and supports the use of Systems Theory Framework of career development.
Parallel representations: Career development in media and academic literature
Authors: Vahidi Ghazal , Barnard Sarah , Arnold John
Published: April 2024

This paper focuses on the portrayal of careers in the press, a subject minimally addressed in career development studies. It employs media content analysis to compare and map the language used in British print media when discussing careers with that in academic discourse. Using VOSViewer for text mapping and data visualisation, this study mirrors Lee et al. (2014)'s approach to systematically analyse 1,287 newspaper articles, identifying and exploring prevalent terms and concepts within career-themed articles. It highlights the intersection of media and career development studies, revealing how media narratives can influence the perception and discussion of career development.
ADJUSTING THE DRUG THERAPY IN PATIENTS AFTER BARIATRIC SURGERY
Authors:   People’s Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Moscow, KOSOVA VIOLETTA A. , MESHKOVA EKATERINA A. ,   People’s Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Moscow, BADOIAN AMATUNI A. ,   People’s Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Moscow, ZAKHAROVA POLINA V. ,   People’s Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Moscow
Published: April 2024

Introduction. Obesity is classiﬁed as a long-term condition with various causes and manifestations and represents a disproportionate accumulation of fat deposits in a human body. It is shown that overweight reduces the life expectancy and increases the likelihood of multiple diseases, even in young people. It is especially important to pay attention to people suﬀering from extreme obesity. This term refers to a condition in which the body mass index exceeds 40 kg/m2. One of the methods to combat this condition may be a bariatric intervention. Procedures for adjusting drug therapy in patients after bariatric surgery are common and have already proven their eﬀectiveness. Medication management techniques help improve patient care throughout the entire treatment process, from the preparatory phase to the time the patient is ready to leave the hospital. The aim of our study was to systematize approaches to adjusting the drug therapy in patients who have undergone bariatric surgery. Materials and Methods. The object of the study is patients after bariatric surgery. Methodology is based on scientiﬁc and medical publications in the ﬁeld of drug therapy for patients who have undergone bariatric surgery and statistical studies. 50 publications from scientiﬁc electronic libraries were studied and analyzed, such as eLibrary, Pubmed, Cyberlenika, and Google Scholar in 2010 and from 2020 to the present. Results and Discussion. In patients who had taken vitamins and minerals on a long-term basis, there was an improvement in the quality of life, an integrated approach to the obesity treatment was developed, and a reduction was found in concomitant risks. Conclusions. This paper describes scientiﬁc and practical approaches to the characteristics of drug therapy for patients who have undergone bariatric surgery, which makes it possible to more clearly determine the strategy for their rehabilitation and the characteristics of their future lifestyle.
DETECTION RATE OF INCREASED ANNEXIN LEVELS OVER TIME IN PATIENTS WITH SARS-COV-2-ASSOCIATED PNEUMONIA
Authors:   Astrakhan State Medical University, KURMAEVA ASIA SH. , PROKOFIEVA TATIANA V. ,   Astrakhan State Medical University, POLUNINA OLGA S. ,   Astrakhan State Medical University, POLUNINA EKATERINA A. ,   Astrakhan State Medical University, SEVOSTYANOVA IRINA V. ,   Astrakhan State Medical University
Published: April 2024

Introduction. In the current state of the art in medicine, it is relevant to search for convincing markers involved in the pathogenesis of lung damage and signiﬁcant in determining the prognosis of SARS-CoV-2-associated pneumonia. One of the signiﬁcant pathogenetic elements in the development of lung lesions, including SARS-CoV-2-associated pneumonia, is the intensiﬁcation of apoptosis. Annexin A5 (ANXA5) is a protein that allows inferring the level of cells at the early apoptosis stage. Aim: To determine the detection rate of increased annexin levels in patients with SARS- CoV-2-associated pneumonia and to assess its dynamics at the inpatient stage of treatment. Materials and Methods: 90 residents of the Astrakhan region were examined, all diagnosed with the coronavirus infection COVID-19 (virus identiﬁed). The patients were aged 47 [39; 57] years, 47 men and 43 women. ANXA5 levels (ng/ml) in blood serum were evaluated using immunoassay analyzer Uniplan AIFR-01, manufactured by Picon, Russia. The data obtained were processed statistically using SPSS 26.0. Results and Discussion. On admission to the hospital, ANXA5 levels were statistically higher in patients with SARS-CoV-2-associated pneumonia than those in the group of somatically healthy individuals. Increased annexin levels were detected in 76.7% of patients. The chance of detecting increased annexin levels in patients with SARS-CoV-2-associated pneumonia was 2.4 times higher than in the group of somatically healthy individuals (OR 2.43; 95% CI 1.75-3.37). During the treatment period, ANXA5 levels decreased statistically. However, even at discharge, increased annexin levels were detected in most patients (74.4%). Detection rate of increased annexin levels throughout hospitalization was higher in patients with large lung tissue lesions. Conclusions: The data obtained indicate the intensiﬁcation of apoptotic processes in patients with SARS-CoV-2-associated pneumonia and suggest the study of the ANXA5 prognostic role in the coronavirus infection course and outcomes.
Evolución y retos de los destinos turísticos airbnbficados: el caso de Barcelona
Authors: Crespi Vallbona Montserrat , Galeas Ortiz Sofía
Published: April 2024

Los destinos turísticos asumen el reto de mejorar su competitividad, generando valor añadido en su oferta. Los cambios urbanos que se suceden implican retos de convivencia entre los residentes y los visitantes. En este sentido, la cogobernanza entre los stakeholders es clave para el éxito de tales desafíos. Es este aspecto, el objetivo de análisis, centrándose en la irrupción de viviendas que han cambiado sus usos residenciales por turísticos, ante la proyección de la airbnbificación tanto en la ciudad de Barcelona como en los límites colindantes a esta. Metodológicamente, se recurre al análisis cualitativo de datos secundarios de la Generalitat de Catalunya, y del Ayuntamiento de Barcelona, así como de la plataforma InsideAirBnb; y también de los planes estratégicos de Barcelona y del Área Metropolitana de Barcelona (AMB). Este estudio exploratorio permite observar cómo la expansión desmedida de la actividad turística en el territorio reclama una decidida cogobernanza entre ciudadanía y agentes involucrados, tanto públicos como privados; también la coordinación entre todas las entidades locales de los distintos municipios, pues el turismo sobrepasa las fronteras administrativas territoriales.
The Muddy Journey of Gas – Insights from Field Experience in Real-Time Fluid Identification
Authors: Bravo M. , Ungar F. , Donnadieu S. , Yerkinkyzy G. , Cely A. , Yang T.
Published: April 2024

Mud gas data plays a pivotal role in drilling and well operations, primarily as a safety measure. However, this valuable source of reservoir fluid information has often been neglected due to technological limitations and data noise. With the advancement of digitalization in the oil industry, innovations in real-time fluid identification have revolutionized the utilization of advanced mud gas analysis, greatly enhancing the ability to predict reservoir oil and gas encounters during drilling with unprecedented accuracy. This groundbreaking technology has found widespread application in both exploration and production wells, spanning reservoir zones and overburden.

The question arises: What has our field experience taught us after more than three years of implementation? We turn to field statistics to shed light on various aspects, including the overall quality of advanced mud gas data, the capabilities and delivery quality of service vendors, the robustness of our machine learning models, the crucial importance of quality control, the significance of integrating petrophysical logs and PVT data, the pitfalls inherent in this technology, and provide general guidance for future applications.

Our past field experiences have demonstrated that advanced mud gas data quality can vary significantly among service providers. We have received outstanding service from certain companies while being disappointed by others. Moreover, the quality of service can fluctuate from one region to another, posing challenges in areas lacking prior service records. Overall, the capacity of advanced mud gas services from all vendors remains limited, especially when the need arises for simultaneous analysis of multiple wells. Although the service delivery may appear similar across companies, not all fulfill their contractual obligations.

Furthermore, we have conducted rigorous testing of our machine learning models and discovered that reliability outweighs mere accuracy in general predictions. Real-life operations invariably involve dubious data and relying solely on a single data source can prove costly. Integrating machine learning with a comprehensive fluid database and real-time logging while drilling data emerges as a critical necessity to enable dependable reservoir fluid prediction.

We have accumulated over three years of operational experience across over a hundred wells. Valuable field insights have complemented the real-time fluid identification breakthrough. These field experiences are as crucial as the technological advancements themselves. The wealth of field statistics not only guides service companies in improving their delivery but also inspires and encourages other operators to adopt this technology. Additionally, it forms the basis for further enhancements, ensuring continued progress in this domain.
Regional CO2 Storage Simulations on the Troll Aquifer Model
Authors: Tveit S. , Gasda S. , Landa-Marbán D. , Sandve T. H.
Published: April 2024

In this work, we present a workflow of first-order static approximations together with dynamic simulations on the Troll Aquifer model. The first-order static approximations consist of pressure-limited storage capacity based on maximum allowable overpressure (with respect to fracture pressure threshold) of a closed system, and injectivity index calculations to map suitable areas of the model to place injection sites. Based on conservative choices of parameters, the pressure-limited storage capacity of the Troll Aquifer model was 300-500 Mt. The injectivity index calculations showed that areas in the northern part of the model were most suited for injection sites, but areas in the south could be used with lower injection rates. Based on the first-order static approximations, dynamic simulations were set up to assess potential injection sites. It was shown that wells spread across the northern and southern parts of the model could handle injection of 500 Mt over 25 years in terms of pressure constraints in the injection period. Further simulation of a 500-year post-injection period showed that the CO2 plumes were fairly contained around the injection sites, with almost 30% of the CO2 being dissolved into brine. The pressure distribution at the end of simulation reached, in most places, an equilibrium of around 25 bar, where the fracture pressure limit was exceed by a very small amount (at most around 0.6 bar) after approximately 225 years in locations far from the CO2 plumes. This showed that the pressure-limited storage capacity was a good estimation of the actual capacity in our case study.
Two-Phase Relative Permeability in Wellbore Microannulus and its Significance in Long-Term Risk Assessment
Authors: Taheri A. , Ford E. P.
Published: April 2024

In plug and abandonment (P&A) wells, the interface between the steel casing and cement in a typical wellbore may debond and establish leakage pathways called microannulus. This study aims to understand the behavior of two-phase flow of water and gas in the microannulus and evaluate the relative importance of absolute and effective permeabilities on long-term leakage potential. In this study, we conducted experiments to quantitatively determine the relative permeabilities of water and gas within the microannulus established at the interface between a 9 5/8-inch cemented casing and the enclosed cement matrix. To do this, we saturated a cell with water and introduced nitrogen from the bottom at incrementally increasing pressure, aiming to identify the gas breakthrough pressure within water-filled leakage pathways. Two-phase relative permeabilities were computed using the Brooks-Corey and van Genuchten models, which establish relationships among capillary pressure, saturation, and relative permeability at each pressure step in this unsteady-state approach. These tests were carried out in the short term to verify repeatability and in the long term to assess how cement and casing alterations affect two-phase relative permeabilities. Furthermore, we conducted a simulation sensitivity study to express the relative significance of absolute and effective permeabilities in terms of long-term leakage potential. This study reveals that the conventional X-curve relative permeability inadequately captures the two-phase flow behavior in leaky wellbores. Furthermore, it illustrates that even with alteration in cement and casing as well as variations in microannulus size over time, relative permeability remains quite stable. These results imply that in the studied P&A cases where two phases flow within the microannulus, comprehending this complex two-phase flow behavior in the microannulus and applying an accurate representative relative permeability model are critical for effectively assessing the long-term leakage risks. This research contributes significantly to the understanding of multiphase flow dynamics within the microannulus and underscores the critical significance of utilizing representative relative permeability models, as opposed to the commonly used X-curve relative permeability, in the analysis of fluid flow behavior and assessing associated risks.
Machine Learning-Based CO2 Saturation Tracking in Saline Aquifers Using Bottomhole Pressure for Carbon Capture and Storage CCS Projects
Authors: Hassani H. , Shahbazi A. , Shahbalayev E. , Hamdi Z. , Behjat S. , Bataee M.
Published: April 2024

In the face of escalating global climate concerns, the imperative to mitigate CO2 emissions has never been more pressing. A pivotal question that arises pertains to the responsible disposal of captured CO2. Deep saline aquifers have emerged as a promising solution, owing to their inherent attributes of high permeability and porosity, enabling efficient CO2 injection and long-term storage. Nevertheless, the successful implementation of CO2 reservoir injection presents multifaceted challenges, notably the need for an impermeable cap rock to prevent leakage while preserving reservoir permeability for injection ease. This study delves into the realm of data-driven decision-making, where the oil and gas industry is progressively harnessing the capabilities of Machine Learning (ML) and Deep Learning (DL) technologies. Specifically, we investigate the application of ML and DL techniques in monitoring CO2 saturation levels within saline aquifers, employing bottomhole pressure as the primary predictive parameter. A range of algorithms, including Random Forest (RF), Support Vector Regressor (SVR), Recurrent Neural Networks (RNN), and Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM), were rigorously tested to ascertain their efficacy in this endeavor. The training data for these models were meticulously generated using a well-known reservoir simulator. Our comprehensive investigation culminated in insightful findings. We present a detailed analysis of how emerging technologies, such as ML and DL, can be harnessed to accurately track CO2 saturation levels. The performance evaluation of the employed algorithms provides valuable insights into their proficiency for predicting CO2 saturation. These results offer a nuanced understanding of the potential applications of these technologies in the management of CO2 reservoirs, paving the way for more effective and sustainable carbon capture and storage solutions. This research underscores the integration of cutting-edge machine learning and deep learning technologies within the oil and gas sector to tackle the intricate challenges associated with CO2 disposal. Furthermore, it highlights the pivotal role of data-centric decision-making in the context of CO2 injection and storage, contributing significantly to the ongoing discourse on sustainable carbon capture and storage (CCS) solutions. In a world grappling with the urgent climate crisis, our study's novelty lies in its potential to drive forward more efficient and environmentally responsible CO2 management strategies.
Open Database of Simulated Ultrasonic Pulse-Echo Well Integrity Log Data
Authors: Diez A. , Viggen E. M. , Johansen T. F.
Published: April 2024

Pulse echo measurements are used to investigate the conditions on the outside of an oil or gas pipe by sending ultrasound pulses onto the pipe wall from inside the pipe that reverberate within the pipe wall. A range of different algorithms are used today to analyse this data and derive pipe-wall thickness and impedance of the material behind the pipe, with the aim of determining the bonding of the material. To be able to develop current algorithms further it is crucial to understand currently used algorithms and their advantages and disadvantages. The downside with using logging data from real boreholes is that no ground truth exists, making it difficult to evaluate the accuracy of the different algorithms. Therefore, we built a database of numerically generated data. This database allows us to investigate the effects of variations like casing diameter, thickness, bonding, and eccentering on the derived casing thickness and outer- material impedance using different analysis algorithms. Here, we use three of the most used algorithms and discuss comparisons of results gained from the analysis of the simulated data in the case of tool eccentering and existence of a fluid-filled annulus gap between pipe and cement on the outside showing the value of simulated data to improve and understand estimates of pipe thickness and outer-material impedance.
Examining the association of neighborhood aesthetics with neighborhood-based physical activity, chronic stress, and body mass index in school children
Authors: Martínez-Soto Joel , Sánchez Ma. De la Luz Casillas , Villada Carolina , Ruiz-Correa Salvador , Aguilar-Zavala Herlinda , López-Revilla Rubén
Published: April 2024

This study aims to evaluate a structural equation model to explore statistical relationships between the onset of obesity, the neuroendocrine response to neighborhood aesthetics, and physical activity among elementary school children residing in a Mexican community. A sample of 103 children (mid‐childhood mean age = 9.02 years, SD = 1.05, range 7‐11 years; 51.5 % boys) participated in the study. The neuroendocrine response to chronic stress was assessed by hair cortisol concentration (HCC) over 3 months. Ratings of the parental perception of neighborhood aesthetics, child’s physical activity at home and neighborhood, HCC, and Body Mass Index percentile (BMI) were evaluated. The model shows that neighborhood aesthetics negatively impacts children’s BMI scores and contributes positively to the practice of children’s physical activity. Likewise, environment-based physical activity impacts positively on lower scores of BMI and children’s HCC (restorative effects). The positive effects of neighborhood aesthetics on children's physical activity and children's HCC (chronic stress) were in line with the positive relationship between HCC and children's obesity, suggesting that neighborhood aesthetics positively impact health indicators, diminishing chronic stress biomarkers and obesity indicators. These findings document the relevance of a psycho-environmental approach toward a better understanding of the synergistic effects of a positive environment, and behavior transactions related to weight gain and obesity
Inﬂuence of seed moisture content and storage period on germination and biochemical indices: Lallemantia iberica and Lallemantia royleana
Authors: Farahani Saeideh Maleki , Rezazadeh Alireza , Paravar Arezoo
Published: April 2024

The longevity of seeds varies greatly between species and seed viability reduction due to seed ageing is one of the major problems affecting agricultural productivity. To comprehend the mechanisms involved in the ageing, seeds of two plant species dragon head (Lallemantia iberica) and lady’s mantle (Lallemantia royleana) and with 5, 15 and 25% seed moisture content (SMC) were tested for 24 and 48 hours storage period (SP) at 40°C. Increased SMC and SP significantly reduced germination percentage (GP), protein content, catalase (CAT) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) enzyme activity. During storage, most significant deterioration was observed in L. iberica seeds showing lower GP, protein content, CAT and APX enzyme activities. As a result, the cell membrane of L. iberica seeds was damaged, resulting in an increase in electrical conductivity (EC), hydrogen peroxidase (H2O2) and malondialdehyde (MDA) contents compared to L. royleana. Overall, the lowest deterioration was obtained in stored seeds of both Lallemantia species by 5% SMC and 24 h SP; in contrast increasing of SMC and SP induced the faster deterioration of Lallemantia seeds. Furthermore, L.iberica deteriorates rapidly by rising of SMC and SP in comparison with L.royleana.
Subchronic Neurotoxic Effects of Cypermethrin on Earthworms
Authors: Zhao Fuhui , Wu Sijia , Zhou Shiping , Li Huijuan , Li Qisheng , Liu ShouQing , Liu HuaYin , Qin Mei
Published: April 2024

Cypermethrin is one of the most heavily used pyrethroid pesticides worldwide and is a potential threat to soil organisms such as earthworms. In this paper, Amynthas corticis was selected as a test organism to investigate the neurobehavioral changes in movement, cognition and memory caused by subchronic neurotoxicity of cypermethrin in earthworms, starting from the changes in the characteristic enzymes of earthworms' nerve ion channels triggered by exposure to cypermethrin. The changes in biomarkers of earthworms were evaluated using the integrated biomarker response (IBR), and the mechanism of cypermethrin neurotoxicity in earthworms was investigated using molecular docking technology, so as to investigate the subchronic neurotoxicity of earthworms caused by exposure to cypermethrin. The results showed that the subchronic neurotoxicity of cypermethrin for earthworms increased with the increase of the exposure concentration and the duration of cypermethrin exposure. The chronic neurotoxicity of cypermethrin did not lead to earthworm death but induced neurobehavioral changes such as locomotor retardation and cognitive deficits in earthworms. Cypermethrin exposure induced abnormalities in the enzyme that characterizes nerve ion channels in earthworms, which is one of the possible molecular mechanisms for the neurobehavioral changes of locomotor retardation and cognition and memory disorders in earthworms.
Benchmark dose determining airborne crystalline silica particles based on A549 lung-cell line survival in an in vitro study
Authors: Rafieepour Athena , Shekarloo Masoomeh Vahabi , Ashtarinezhad Azadeh , Alimohammadi Iraj , Panjali Zahra
Published: April 2024

Crystalline silica has emerged as a prominent occupational toxicant over extended periods, leading to the development of lung fibrosis and cancer. The objective of this investigation is to establish a benchmark dose (BMD) for crystalline silica micro and nanoparticles based on the viability of the A549 lung-cell line. The impact of exposure to crystalline silica micro-particles (C-SiO2 MPs) and crystalline silica nanoparticles (C-SiO2 NPs) on A549 epithelial lung cells was examined for durations of 24 and 72 hours to evaluate cell viability using the MTT (3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazolyl-2)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay. The determination of dose-response and BMD was carried out through the BMD software v 3.2. The findings reveal a dose-dependent relationship between cell viability and both C-SiO2 MPs and -NPs. The BMDL values for 24-h treatment of C-SiO2 MPs and -NPs were determined to be 2.26 and 0.97 µg/ml, respectively, based on exponential models. Correspondingly, these values were found to be 1.17 and 0.85 µg/ml for the 72-h treatment. This investigation underscores the significance of particle size as a contributing factor in assessing occupational health risks. Moreover, the utilization of BMDL can facilitate the determination of more precise values for occupational exposures by considering various parameters associated with particle presence.
Temporal hydrogeochemical evolution of karst groundwater discharging into a continental-type Ramsar site in the Huasteca Potosina, Mexico
Authors: Molina Cynthia Del Carmen Cordova , Enriquez Octavio Ortiz , Torre Ma. Catalina Alfaro-De la , Agüero Juan Antonio Reyes , Benavides Antonio Cardona
Published: April 2024

Karst groundwater is the main source of water supply for ecosystems that are dependent on its discharges, such as wetlands, which are habitats for various species. Due to their characteristics and significance, it is imperative to conduct research aimed at elucidating the mechanisms governing the water quality and quantity in ecosystems reliant on karst groundwater discharges. The karstic systems are susceptible to contamination, and despite this fact, there is a dearth of information available, which hampers the accurate determination of water quality. The site study is the karst groundwater system discharging in the RAMSAR wetland Ciénaga de Tamasopo (Mexico) affected by the water extraction for the extensive sugar cane agriculture. The goal was to identify the groundwater flow systems discharging into the wetland by using hydrogeochemical and isotopic techniques. Additionally, it aimed to assess the temporal changes in physical and chemical parameters. It was determined that the chemical composition of the water changes with respect to residence time in the subsoil, and the predominant processes are the dissolution–precipitation of calcite, dolomite, and gypsum by water-rock interaction, mixing, and evaporation. This study facilitated the development of a conceptual model for understanding the movement of groundwater in karst systems in a warm, sub-humid climate. This conceptual model is crucial for enhancing water management strategies in the area.
Monitoring anomalies on the large-scale energy and water balance components by coupling remote sensing parameters and gridded weather data
Authors: Teixeira Antonio , Leivas Janice Freitas , Takemura Celina , Garçon Edlene , Sousa Inajá , Azevedo Ana
Published: April 2024

MODIS images and weather data from 2007 to 2021, were used to monitor the energy balance components and their anomalies, in the Atlantic Forest (AF) and Caatinga (CT) biomes, within a coastal agricultural growing zone, Northeast Brazil. Significant differences on net radiation (Rn) partitions into latent (λE), sensible (H), and ground (G) heat fluxes, promoted distinct vegetation root-zone moisture conditions. The Rn values between the biomes are not significantly different, with annual averages of 9.40 and 9.50 MJ m-2 d-1, for AF and CT, respectively. However, for respectively AF and CT, the annual average values for λE were 5.10 MJ m-2 d-1 and 4.00 MJ m-2 d-1; for H they were 3.80 MJ m-2 d-1 and 5.00 MJ m-2 d-1; and for G they were 0.50 MJ m-2 d-1 and 0.40 MJ m-2 d-1, yielding respective mean evaporative fraction (Ef = λE/(Rn – G) values of 0.60 and 0.50. Anomalies on λE, H, and Ef were detected by comparing the results for the years 2018 to 2021 with the long-term values from 2007 to each of these years, showing that the energy fluxes between surfaces and the lower atmosphere, and then the root-zone moisture conditions for both biomes, may strongly vary along seasons and years. These assessments are important for water policies as they can picture suitable periods and places for rainfed agriculture as well as the irrigation needs in irrigated agriculture under climate and land-use changes conditions.
Liver stiffness measurement of endoscopy versus transjugular intrahepatic portosystem shunt treatment of variceal bleeding: a prospective cohort study
Authors: Zhu Tong , Zhang Shibin , Liu Xuqing , Jing Changyou , Zheng Jiasheng , Zhang Yonghong , Li Jianjun
Published: April 2024

To compare the liver stiffness measurement (LSM) of transient elastography (TE) before and after treatment by endoscopyplus propranolol and transjugular intrahepatic portosystem shunt (TIPS) respectively for patients with variceal bleeding. This was a single-center, prospective, cohort study. A total of 78 patients with bleeding from gastroesophageal varices between September 2018 to December 2020 were treated with endoscopy plus propranolol (ET group, n=37) and TIPS (TIPS group, n=41) respectively. All patients underwent clinical examination, blood tests, computed tomography and TE. Fibrosis index based on four factors (FIB-4) and aspartate aminotransferase-to-platelet ratio (APRI) were calculated for each patient. Variceal eradication was achieved after treatment by endoscopy in ET group. The portal pressure gradient (PPG) was 20.15±5.20 mmHg (range 14-34 mmHg) and 6.59±3.41 mmHg (range 2-14 mmHg) before and after treatment in TIPS group (P<0.0001). The LSM values of the ET group and TIPS group at baseline and 24 months after treatment were 23.70±12.07 vs 29.92±16.77 (P=0.005) and 30.23±22.00 vs 13.792±8.14 (P<0.001). The COX regression analysis in TIPS group manifested that PPG was only one of the related factors of LSM decline. Based on the results of transient elastography, TIPS treatment can partially reverse decompensated liver cirrhosis.