bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
TINJAUAN TERHADAP TANGGUNG JAWAB BADAN PENGELOLA KEUANGAN HAJI (BPKH) DALAM MELAKUKAN PENEMPATAN DAN/ATAU INVESTASI KEUANGAN HAJI
Authors: Primadhany Erry Fitrya
Published: September 2018

Badan Pengelola Keuangan Haji (BPKH) is institution formed based on the mandate of Law Number 34 year 2014 about Hajj financial management. Hajj financial management should be in accordance with Shari’a and Law. The responsibility of BPKH is important to note in order to avoid the harmful things. This research is normative with literature law research method. The approaches are legislation approach and conceptual approach. Based on the results, BPKH shall be responsible if there are errors due to negligence and mistakes made intentionally. Responsibility due to negligence tort lilability is related to the fault of BPKH who do not pay attention to the principles in managing finances properly and correctly. For liability arising from unlawful interfrontal tort liability, the BPKH consists of implementing institution member and supervisory council member shall be proven to have performed financial management that may be detrimental to the pilgrims. UU No. 34 Year 2014 article 53 has governed the BPKH Accountability Mechanism. BPKH is responsible for managing hajj finances which can be done in the form of banking products, securities, gold, direct investment and other investments based on sharia principles and considering the aspects of security, prudence, value of benefits, and liquidity.

Badan Pengelola Keuangan Haji (BPKH) merupakan lembaga yang dibentuk berdasarkan amanat Undang-Undang No. 34 Tahun 2014 tentang Pengelolaan Keuangan Haji. Pengelolaan keuangan haji harus sesuai syariat dan Undang-Undang. Tanggung jawab BPKH adalah hal yang penting untuk diperhatikan agar terhindar dari hal-hal yang merugikan. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian normatif dengan metode penelitian hukum kepustakaan. Pendekatan yang digunakan adalah pendekatan peraturan perundang-undangan dan pendekatan konseptual. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian disimpulkan bahwa BPKH wajib bertanggung jawab apabila terjadi kesalahan akibat kelalaian dan kesalahan yang dilakukan dengan sengaja. Tanggung jawab akibat perbuatan melanggar hukum yang dilakukan karena kelalaian (negligence tort lilability) adalah terkait dengan kesalahan BPKH yang tidak memperhatikan prinsip-prinsip dan aspek-aspek dalam mengelola keuangan dengan baik dan benar. Untuk tanggung jawab akibat perbuatan melanggar hukum yang dilakukan dengan sengaja (intertional tort liability), BPKH yang terdiri dari anggota badan pelaksana dan anggota dewan pengawas harus terbukti telah melakukan pengelolaan keuangan yang dapat merugikan calon jamaah haji. Undang-Undang Nomor 34 Tahun 2014 pasal 53 mengatur mekanisme pertanggungjawaban BPKH. BPKH bertanggung jawab mengelola keuangan haji yang bisa dilakukan dalam bentuk produk perbankan, surat berharga, emas, investasi langsung dan investasi lainnya berdasarkan prinsip syariah dan mempertimbangkan aspek keamanan, kehati-hatian, nilai manfaat, dan likuiditas.
DAMPAK WISATA RELIGI BAIT AL-QUR’AN AL-AKBAR TERHADAP EKONOMI DI SEKITAR PONDOK PESANTREN IGM AL-IHSANIYAH KOTA PALEMBANG
Authors: Meriyati Meriyati , Aravik Havis
Published: September 2018

This study discusses the impact of religious tourism bait al-Qur’an al-Akbar to the economy around boarding school IGM Al-Ihsaniyah Palembang City with the aim to know how the impact of religious tourism bait al-Qur’an al-Akbar to the economy around the boarding school of IGM Al-Ihsaniyah of Palembang City. This research is a mixture of research on library research (field research) and field research (field research). The approach used is descriptive qualitative that aims to give description or describe the reality that there is or what happened to the object under study. The results of this study show that religious tourism bait al-Qur’an al-Akbar very positive impact on the economy around the boarding school IGM al-Ihsaniyah Palembang.

Penelitian ini membahas tentang dampak wisata religi bait al-Qur’an al-Akbar terhadap ekonomi di sekitar Pondok Pesantren IGM Al-Ihsaniyah Kota Palembang dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana dampak wisata religi bait al-Qur’an al-Akbar terhadap ekonomi di sekitar Pondok Pesantren IGM Al-Ihsaniyah Kota Palembang. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian campuran antara penelitian penelitian kepustakaan (library research) dan penelitian lapangan (field research). Pendekatan yang digunakan adalah deskriptif kualitatif yang bertujuan untuk memberi gambaran atau mendeskripsikan kenyataan yang ada atau apa yang terjadi pada objek yang diteliti. Hasil penelitian ini memperlihatkan bahwa wisata religi bait al-Qur’an al-Akbar sangat berdampak positif terhadap ekonomi di sekitar pondok pesantren IGM al-Ihsaniyah Kota Palembang.
Peningkatan Limfosit, Monosit, dan Basofil pada Sapi Bali yang Digembalakan di Tempat Pembuangan Akhir Sampah Kota Denpasar (THE ELEVATION LEVEL OF LIMPHOCYTE, MONOCYTE, AND BASOPHIL ON BALI CATTLE GRAZING AT WASTE DISPOSAL CITY OF DENPASAR)
Authors: Ariana I Nyoman Tirta , Oka Anak Agung , Suranjaya I Gede , Berata I Ketut
Published: September 2018

The Bali cattles that grazing at Denpasar city waste disposal need to examined for their healthy to keep the quality of beef production. The aim of this research to determine the hematologic profile of Bali cattle was grazing at waste disposel in Denpasar. The data obtained is expected to provide an initial ekspretion of the general health-related to productivity. Studies using nine female of Bali cattle weighing 250-300 kg, aged 2-3 years. Research using quantitative methods by means of surveys and research laboratory. The research variables are Total White blood cells (WBC), lymphocytes, monocytes, basophils, and Total Red blood cell (RBC), haemoglobin (Hb), mean corpuscular volume (MCV). The result showed that the total of RBC, Hb, and MCV were still within the normal range. The other result were the average WBC: 4.8%, lymphocytes: 25.3%, Monocytes: 2.8%, and Basophils: 0.8% higher if compared to the same variable in cows were well maintained. It can be concluded that the Bali cattle grazing in the area of the landfill affected pathophysiological change in its body.
PERAN KADER ANTI PENYALAHGUNAAN NARKOBA BERBASIS PELAJAR OLEH BADAN NARKOTIKA NASIONAL SURABAYA
Authors: Sari Devyi Mulia
Published: September 2018

BNN is one of the institutions in Indonesia that handle drugs abused problems in the country. The results of BNN survey found that drug abused suspects reached 3.1 million to 3.6 million people in 2008 which was dominated by students. One of BNN Surabaya eff orts in overcoming a drug abusing and illicit drug traffi cking is by forming student-based cadres. The cadres consist of several schools in Surabaya and they are trained to run in accordance with their role. The role of the cadre itself is to become an extension of BNN Surabaya for disseminating the danger of drug abuse in around student circles or peer group. This research was a descriptive research, used case study design. Informants inthis study were P2M BNN Surabaya and some cadres of both female and male students who around at 15–17 years old. Data were collected by interview which contain of explanations by P2M about the formation of cadres and the tasks assigned to the cadres as well as by interview when fi eld off with the cadres. The results showed that the role of cadre in school environment is as Peer Counselor, Peer Educator, and Peer Leadership. Within achieving the success of the role of cadres, it could be seen from health promotion aspect by looking at the level of knowledge, attitude, action and able to communicatewell in order to indicate success in these activities can be achieved.Keywords: cadres, students, drugs abused
PERSEPSI PEROKOK SURABAYA TERHADAP PESAN IKLAN LAYANAN MASYARAKAT MENGENAI BAHAYA MEROKOK
Authors: Putri Novia Puspita
Published: September 2018

The age of active smokers in Indonesia is getting younger. Riskesdas (2013) states that the age of the first smoking population of Indonesia is the most aged 15-19 years, which amounted to 55.4%. WHO (2011) states that this time in every year there are 6 million of people dying from smoking habit. WHO predicts on 2030 there will be an increase in cases to 8 million deaths due to smoking. To eliminating this problem, the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Indonesia has launched a public service advertisement about the dangers of smoking. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the perception of teenage smokers in Surabaya against to public service advertisement based on the theory of Extended Parallel Process Model. This research uses descriptive qualitative  method. Data collection was done by in-depth interviews, with the help of interview guidelines. This research was conducted in Surabaya city, with 8 informants. The results of the study indicate that all informants have felt the fear and the severity element presented by the public service advertisement. But not all informants have sensed the vulnerability, confidence, and beliefs of the responses presented in the content of public service advertisement. In the element of belief response, based on the results of research, it was found that not all informants feel motivated to quit smoking after seeing the public service advertisement. Therefore, to increase the belief of active adolescent smokers to quit smoking, the need for visualization development of public service advertisements that has been made.Keyword: smoking, adolescence, public service advertisement,  Extended Parallel Process Model (EPPM)
PELAKSANAAN PROMOSI KESEHATAN DI RUMAH SAKIT UNIVERSITAS AIRLANGGA SURABAYA
Authors: Nurdianna Fitri
Published: September 2018

Hospital are service institution that runs plenary health services, which means promotive preventive, curative and rehabilitative services. Hospital Health Promotion seeks to develop understanding of patients, families, and hospital visitors about the disease and its prevention. In addition, the Hospital Health Promotion is a hospital effort to improve the ability of patients, families and hospital visitors to do a positive role in the cure and prevention of diseaseas to accelerate the healing and rehabilitation process, improve health, prevent health problems, and developing health efforts through socio-cultural learning respectively independently. This study uses the method of in-depth interview and observation. This study aims to determine the implementation of hospital health promotion that has been implemented in Airlangga University Hospital Surabaya. The interview was conducted at one of hospital health promotion management representatives at Airlangga University Hospital Surabaya. Based on the observation result, it shows that Airlangga University Hospital is 100% Non-Smoking Area, and does not provide room for smoker and have PKRS unit that has carried out health promotion on the inside and outside the Building, but the PKRS unit does not yet have a health promotion study such as conducting FGD with patients, patient families and hospital visitors.Keyword: implementation, health promotion hospital.
Paths for Improving Bevacizumab Available in 2018: The ADZT Regimen for Better Glioblastoma Treatment
Authors: Kast Richard
Published: September 2018

During glioblastoma treatment, the pharmaceutical monoclonal antibody to VEGF, bevacizumab, has improved quality of life and delayed progression for several months but has not, or only marginally prolonged overall survival. In 2017 several dramatic research papers appeared that are crucial to our understanding of glioblastoma vis a vis the mode of action of bevacizumab. As a consequence of these papers, a new, potentially more effective, treatment protocol can be built around bevacizumab. This is the ADZT Regimen where four old drugs are added to bevacizumab. These four are apremilast, marketed to treat psoriasis, dapsone, marketed to treat Hansen’s disease, zonisamide, marketed to treat seizures, and telmisartan, marketed to treat hypertension. The ancillary attributes of each of these drugs has been shown to augment bevacizumab. This paper will detail the research data supporting that contention.
Pathophysiological Alterations of Redox Signaling and Endocannabinoid System in Granulocytes and Plasma of Psoriatic Patients
Authors: Ambrożewic Ewa , Wojcik Piotr , Wronski Adam , Luczaj Wojciech , Jastrząb Anna , Zarkovic Neven , Skrzydlewska Elżbieta
Published: September 2018

Inflammatory granulocytes are characterized by oxidative burst, which may promote oxidative stress and lipid modification both in affected tissues and on systemic level. On the other hand, redox signaling involving lipid peroxidation products acting as second messengers of free radicals play important, not yet fully understood, roles in pathophysiology of inflammation and various stress-associated disorders. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the onset of oxidative stress and alterations of enzyme-dependent lipid metabolism resulting from redox imbalance in granulocytes and plasma obtained from patients with psoriasis vulgaris or psoriatic arthritis, in comparison to the healthy subjects. The results obtained revealed enhanced activity of pro-oxidant enzymes NADPH and xanthine oxidases in granulocytes, with a decrease of enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants in plasma of psoriatic patients. The Nrf2 and its regulators were increased in both forms of psoriasis, while HO-1 levels were increased only in psoriasis vulgaris. Redox imbalance was associated with decreased levels of phospholipids and of free PUFAs, but with enhanced activity of enzymes involved in lipid metabolism (PLA2, PAF-AH COX1/2) and increased lipid peroxidation products 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE), isoprostanes and neuroprostanes. Increased endocannabinoids and GPR55 were observed in both forms of the disease, while expression of CB1 was increased only in pateints with psoriatic arthritis, opposite to CB2, which was increased only in psoriasis vulgaris. Protein modifications by ROS and lipid peroxidation product 4-HNE promoted apoptosis of granulocytes by increased caspases in both forms of psoriasis. This study indicates that excessive activation of granulocytes, causing oxidative stress and lipid modifications, is an important pathophysiology of psoriasis. Consequently, lower Nrf2 activity and CB2 expression may promote progression of psoriasis into advanced, arthritic form of the disease.
How to Test, Analyze, and Reduce Memory Interference Delay in Modern COTS Multicore Systems?
Authors: Msadek Nizar
Published: September 2018

In modern Commercial Off-The-Shelf (COTS) multicore systems, cores can produce several simultaneous memory requests. The processing of such requests over the memory controller negatively impacts the interference delay triggered by running parallel tasks on the platform. In this paper, we propose a software-based testing approach for analyzing memory interference delay, when cores are exposed to extensive read/write requests that access in parallel their Cache Coherent Interconnect. The hardware targeted in this work is the well-known LayerScape QorIQ LS2085A, which can be approached as a potential successor to the Freescale QorIQ P4080. The test analysis was conducted based on a bare-metal operating system that we developed to guarantee a deterministic execution environment at all time points. Our testing was accomplished using a set of carefully designed synthetic benchmarks as well as TACLeBench benchmarks.
High Performance n-Type Ag2Se Film on Nylon Membrane for Flexible Thermoelectric Power Generator
Authors: Ding Yufei , Qiu Yang , Cai Kefeng , Yao Qin , Chen Song , Chen Lidong , He Jiaqing
Published: September 2018

Researches on flexible thermoelectric (TE) materials usually focus on conducting polymers (CPs) and CP-based composites; however, it is a great challenge to obtain high TE properties comparable to inorganic counterparts. Here, we report an n-type Ag2Se film on flexible nylon membrane with an ultrahigh power factor ~987.4 ± 104.1 μWm−1K−2 at 300 K and an excellent flexibility (93% of the original electrical conductivity retention after 1000 bending cycles around a 8-mm diameter rod). The flexibility is attributed to a synergetic effect of the nylon membrane and the Ag2Se film intertwined with numerous high-aspect-ratio Ag2Se grains. A TE prototype composed of 4-leg of the hybrid film generates a voltage and a maximum power of 19 mV and 460 nW, respectively, at a temperature difference of 30 K. This work opens opportunities of searching for high performance TE film for flexible TE devices.
Correction and Informed Regionalization of Precipitation Data in a High Mountainous Region (Upper Indus Basin) and Its Effect on SWAT-Modelled Discharge
Authors: Khan Asim Jahangir , Koch Manfred
Published: September 2018

The current study applied a new approach for the interpolation and regionalization of observed precipitation series to a smaller spatial scale (0.125° by 0.125° grid) across the Upper Indus Basin (UIB), with appropriate adjustments for the orographic effect and changes in glacier storage. The approach is evaluated and validated through reverse hydrology, guided by observed flows and available knowledge base. More specifically, the generated corrected precipitation data is validated by means of SWAT-modelled responses of the observed flows to the different input precipitation series (original and corrected ones). The results show that the SWAT- simulated flows using the corrected, regionalized precipitation series as input are much more in line with the observed flows than those using the uncorrected observed precipitation input for which significant underestimations are obtained.
Group Buying-based Data Transmission in Flying Ad-hoc Networks: A Coalition Game Approach
Authors: Ruan Lang , Chen Jin , Guo Qiuju , Zhang Xiaobo , Zhang Yuli , Liu Dianxiong
Published: September 2018

In scenarios such as natural disasters and military strike, it is common for unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) to form groups to execute reconnaissance and surveillance. To ensure the effectiveness of UAV communications, repeated resource acquisition issues and transmission mechanism design need to be addressed urgently. In this paper, we build an information interaction scenario in a Flying Ad-hoc network (FANET). The data transmission problem with the goal of throughput maximization is modeled as a coalition game framework. Then, a novel mechanism of coalition selection and data transmission based on group-buying is investigated. Since large-scale UAVs will generate high transmission overhead due to the overlapping resource requirements, we propose a resource allocation optimization method based on distributed data content. Comparing existing works, a data transmission and coalition formation mechanism is designed. Then the system model is classified into graph game and coalition formation game. Through the design of the utility function, we prove that both games have stable solutions. We also prove the convergence of the proposed approach with coalition order and Pareto order. Binary log-linear learning based coalition selection algorithm (BLL-CSA) is proposed to explore the stable coalition partition of system model. Simulation results show that the proposed data transmission and coalition formation mechanism can achieve higher data throughput than the other contrast algorithms.
Comprehensive Description of Fusarium graminearum Pigments and Related Compounds
Authors: Cambaza Edgar
Published: September 2018

Several studies explore in depth the biochemistry and genetics of the pigments present in Fusarium graminearum but there is a need to discuss about their relationship with the mold’s observable surface color pattern variation throughout its lifecycle. Furthermore, they require basic cataloguing and description of their major features known so far. Colors are a viable alternative to size measurement in growth studies. When grown on yeast extract agar (YEA) at 25 °C, F. graminearum initially exhibits a whitish mycelium, developing into a yellow-orange mold by the sixth day and then turning into wine-red. The colors are likely due to accumulation of the golden yellow polyketide aurofusarin and the red rubrofusarin, but the carotenoid neurosporaxanthin possibly play also a major role in the yellow or orange coloration. Torulene might contribute for red tones but it perhaps ends up being converted into neurosporaxanthin. Culmorin is also present but it does not contribute for the color, though it was initially isolated in pigment studies, and there is the 5-deoxybostrycoidin-based melanin, but it occurs mostly in the teleomorph’s perithecium. There is still a need to chemically quantify the pigments throughout the lifecycle, analyze their relationships and how much each impacts F. graminearum surface color.
The Second World War, Imperial and Colonial Nostalgia: The North Africa Campaign and Battlefields of Memory
Authors: Kingsepp Eva
Published: September 2018

The article addresses the function of (post)colonial nostalgia in a context of multidirectional memory (Rothberg 2009) in contemporary Europe. How can different cultural memories of the Second Word War be put into respectful dialogue with each other? The text is based on a contrapuntal reading (Said 1994) of British and Egyptian popular narratives, using a qualitative content analysis of 10 British tv documentary films about the North Africa Campaign, and data from qualitative interviews collected during ethnographic fieldwork in Alexandria and Cairo, Egypt, during visits 2013--2015. The study highlights considerable differences between the British and Egyptian narratives, but also significant similarities regarding the use and function of nostalgia. In addition, the Egyptian narrative expresses a profound cosmopolitan nostalgia and a longing for what is regarded as Egypt’s lost, modern Golden Age, identified as the decades before the nation’s fundamental change from western-oriented monarchy to Nasser’s Arab nationalist military state. The common elements between the two national narratives indicate a possibly fruitful way to open up for a shared popular memory culture about the war years, including postcolonial aspects.
Which Microbial Growth Model Best Fits to Fusarium graminearum?
Authors: Cambaza Edgar
Published: September 2018

Fusarium graminearum causes head blight in wheat and corn, and produces chemicals harmful for humans and other animals. It is important to understand how it grows in order to prevent outbreaks. There are 3 well-known growth models for microorganisms and they seem applicable to molds: linear, Gompertz and Baranyi. This study aimed to see which could better represent F. graminearum growth. Three replicates were grown in yeast extract agar (YEA) for 20 days. The Feret’s radius was measured in ImageJ software, and then related to the models. Linear model was the most closely correlated to the actual growth. Thus, considering that it was the most representative of the reality and it is easier to use, it seems to be the best logical choice for F. graminearum growth studies.
Oxidative Stress and Antioxidant Biomarkers in Clinical and Experimental Models of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
Authors: Ore Ayokanmi , Akinloye Oluseyi Adeboye
Published: September 2018

Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) is a term that covers a range of hepatic disorders involving fat deposits in the liver. NAFLD begins with simple steatosis and progresses into non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) characterised by inflammation, fibrosis, apoptosis, oxidative stress, lipid peroxidation, mitochondrial dysfunction and release of adipokines and pro-inflammatory cytokines. Oxidative stress and antioxidants are known to play a vital role in the pathogenesis and severity of NAFLD/NASH. A number of oxidative stress and antioxidant markers are employed in the assessment of the pathological state and progression of the disease. In this article, we review several biomarkers of oxidative stress and antioxidants that have been measured at clinical and experimental levels. The levels/ activity in various models reviewed are also included. Also included is a comprehensive description of oxidative stress, sources and contribution to the pathogenesis of NAFLD/NASH
The Program of Circuit Isbat Nikah as the Embodiment of Access to Justice in Indonesia
Authors: Andaryuni Lilik
Published: September 2018

Human rights guaranteed by the Constitution require, among other things, that every citizen should be able to access the judiciary. In reality, however, not all citizens can access the judiciary in Indonesia due to various factors including litigation costs, ignorance of litigation procedures, and distance problem. The same situation is also experienced by the society seeking for justice through Islamic judiciary (Pengadilan Agama or PA) across Indonesia. One of the Religious Courts deserved for a case study is PA Tenggarong. PA Tenggarong is one of the Religious Courts in East Kalimantan, which covers two district areas, namely Kutai Barat and Kutai Kartanegara. Kutai Barat consists of 12 sub-districts with 182 villages, while Kutai Kartanegara has 18 sub-districts with 227 villages. The geographical conditions and locations of the villages are mostly far away from the PA Tenggarong that render it difficult for the justice seekers in accessing the court, and, thus, obtaining their rights. Their legal problems mainly come from their unregistered marriages which make their unions do not exist according to the effective law. Hence, this article analyzes how the program of the legalization of unregistered marriages (isbat nikah) in PA Tenggarong has been implemented in order to assist the justice seekers in securing the legal certainty of marriage status. The finding reveals that the process of the legalization of marriage is conducted as a circuit marriage contract in different sub-district/village office or decent premises across Kutai Barat and Kutai Kartanegara. The program is free for eligible parties and is facilitative towards their needs and conditions, namely lacks of legal documents, ignorance of the litigation procedures, and afar domicile. This thus makes PA Tenggarong now more accessible to the public and the circuit isbat nikah as the embodiment of access to justice principle in Indonesia.Keywords:Circuit isbat nikah, access to justice, Islamic Judiciary in Indonesia
La fotografía artística contemporánea en el marco de la promoción cultural. Los carteles del Centro Dramático Nacional como caso de estudio
Authors:   Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, Martorell Fernández Sandra , Sanchis Gandía Álvaro ,   Universitat Politècnica de València
Published: September 2018

La capacidad comunicativa y discursiva de la fotografía es un hecho manifiesto desde su aparición a principios del siglo XIX. En la contemporaneidad, y en medio de una vorágine de millones de imágenes creadas cada día sin juicios ni miras, aun hay espacio para la imagen pensada, calma y aguda. El Centro Dramático Nacional apuesta por este tipo de fotografía, de carácter artístico y discurrido con ingenio para presentar sus creaciones teatrales a través de carteles minimalistas y con gran carga conceptual. Una forma de acercarnos un teatro diferente que sirve a la vez como ejemplo de la interacción de varias disciplinas que unen fuerzas con el fin de destacar y diferenciarse de sus análogos gracias a un estilo propio y una sagacidad refinada que toma la semiología como pretexto de creación. Así esta propuesta pretende poner sobre la mesa el valor de repensar la imagen fotográfica aprovechando su disposición persuasiva a partir del caso en particular del CND y de cómo ésta ha influido en su imagen de marca, su idiosincrasia y con todo, su público y trayectoria.
Knowledge of Pollinator Conservation and Associated Plant Recommendations in the Horticultural Retail Industry
Authors: Westerhold Carter M. , Wortman Samuel , Todd Kim , Golick Douglas
Published: September 2018

Pollinating insects are integral to the health of all terrestrial ecosystems and agriculture worldwide. Urbanization can greatly reduce nutritional resources and habitat for pollinators. However, these losses can be mitigated through targeted landscape practices, such as planting nectar- and pollen-rich plants and managing pollinator habitat in urban areas, especially home landscapes. As homeowners attempt to conserve pollinators through horticultural practices, they often seek the advice and guidance of horticulture retail employees. The knowledge horticulture employees have about pollinators and the recommendations they provide to customers is largely unknown. A nationwide survey was developed and distributed with the objectives to 1) assess employee knowledge about pollinators and pollination biology, 2) discover what plant and management recommendations employees were giving customers pertaining to pollinator conservation, and 3) determine where to focus possible education and outreach, as well as which topics to focus educational programs on. Our findings suggest, among our respondents, that overall knowledge was adequate, with a mean score (±sd) being 8.37 (±3.23) of a possible range of 0–14 points. Uncertified and part-time employees were identified as having significantly lower scores. The subject of plant selection was found to have the largest gap in knowledge, with a mean score of 1.82 (±0.62) of a possible three points. We identified several opportunities for educational outreach, aimed at improving employee and customer knowledge on this important subject.
Curricula Influence College Student Knowledge and Attitudes Regarding Invasive Species
Authors: Waliczek Tina M. , Parsley Kathryn M. , Williamson Paula S. , Oxley Florence M.
Published: September 2018

Negative impacts from invasive species present a global problem. Consequently, invasive species biology has emerged as an important subdiscipline of conservation biology. One of the goals of invasive species biology is to educate the public about impacts and potential control of invasive species. The purpose of this study was to determine if a lecture, a lecture and laboratory learning model, or both influence college student learning gains and whether increase in knowledge results in changes in attitudes about invasive species. A pre- and posttest instrument that measured knowledge and attitudes of invasive species was administered to several different classes of students at a university and community college. One group of students received a lecture and laboratory curriculum between the pre- and posttest (the lecture and laboratory treatment group). A second group of students received a lecture between the pre- and posttest (the lecture-only treatment group) and a third group received no instruction between tests (the control group). The lecture was in the form of an electronic presentation, whereas the laboratory curriculum included a case study, a visual aid, and a scavenger hunt to educate students about examples of invasive plant and animal species. In all classes and groups, there were at least 2 weeks between administering the pre- and posttest. Results showed that the control group scores were not different between the pre- and posttest. However, both the lecture-only and the lecture and laboratory treatment groups had scores that changed after receiving the curricula. In addition, there was an effect of curricula on student learning for the three conditions. The differences between the group that received no curricula vs. the two that did indicated that the curricula were effective teaching interventions to help students become more educated about invasive species.
Comparison of Presentation Method Effectiveness for Dissemination of Pesticide-free Turfgrass Management Information
Authors: Campbell Julie H. , Henderson Jason J. , Wallace Victoria H.
Published: September 2018

This study examined how different presentation formats affected knowledge gain among school grounds managers. Results indicate large-group participants (presentation to ≈50 participants at a turfgrass field day) had greater knowledge retention than small-group participants (presentation to 6–10 participants at an interactive workshop). Small-group attendees had more flexibility to discuss issues that affected them directly and may have focused on those issues instead of the targeted information. Large-group meetings were more ridged in format and attendees were less able to deviate from the main subject matter being presented. However, the value of the small-group meeting should not be discounted, especially when athletic field grounds managers and staff require information specific to their situation. When disseminating more general information, the large-group meeting format is a better means of delivery.
Chitosan as Soil Amendment Affects Lettuce Growth, Photochemical Efficiency, and Gas Exchange
Authors: Xu Chenping , Mou Beiquan
Published: September 2018

Chitosan has become of interest as a crop biostimulant suitable for use in sustainable agriculture since it is biocompatible, biodegradable, environmentally friendly, and readily available in large quantity. Short-term (35 d after transplanting) effects of chitosan, applied as a soil amendment at 0%, 0.05%, 0.10%, 0.15%, 0.20%, or 0.30% (w/w), on lettuce (Lactuca sativa) growth, chlorophyll fluorescence, and gas exchange were evaluated in a growth chamber study. Chitosan at 0.05%, 0.10%, and 0.15% increased leaf area from 674 to 856, 847, and 856 cm2, and leaf fresh weight from 28.6 to 39.4, 39.1, and 39.8 g, respectively. Only chitosan at 0.05% and 0.10% increased leaf dry weight from 3.42 to 4.37 and 4.35 g, respectively, while chitosan at 0.30% decreased leaf number, area, fresh and dry weight. Chitosan at 0.10%, 0.15%, 0.20%, and 0.30% increased leaf chlorophyll index from 29.8 to 34.4, 35.4, 37.5, and 41.4, respectively. Chitosan at 0.20% and 0.30% increased leaf maximum photochemical efficiency and photochemical yield, and chitosan at 0.10%, 0.15% 0.20%, and 0.30% increased leaf electron transport rate. Leaf photosynthesis rate and stomatal conductance (gS) increased from 9.3 to 12.7, 14.0, and 16.6 μmol·m−2·s−1 carbon dioxide, and from 0.134 to 0.183, 0.196, and 0.231 mol·m−2·s−1, under chitosan at 0.15%, 0.20%, and 0.30%, respectively. The results indicated that chitosan, at appropriate application rates, enhanced lettuce growth, and might have potential to be used for sustainable production of lettuce.
Native and Adapted Plant Introduction for Low-water Landscaping
Authors: Rupp Larry A. , Anderson Richard M. , Klett James , Love Stephen L. , Goodspeed Jerry , Gunnell JayDee
Published: September 2018

In response to a perceived need for the development and introduction of superior plant accessions for use in sustainable, low-water landscaping, land-grant universities in Colorado, Idaho, and Utah, have supported plant development programs. Each of these programs has unique characteristics and protocols for releasing plant materials and obtaining royalties to further support research and development. Colorado State University (CSU) is part of the Plant Select program, which evaluates and promotes native and non-native plants for use in low-water landscapes. Selected plants are released to commercial members who pay a membership fee and royalties for access to the selected plants. The University of Idaho focuses on selecting and evaluating native herbaceous perennials, which are then released through a contract and royalty program with a local nursery. Utah State University uses the Sego Supreme program to select, propagate, and evaluate native plants. Selected plants are released to interested growers who pay a royalty for production rights.
Bulb Circumference Influences Growth and Crop Quality in Pineapple Lily
Authors: Lyons Shawn D. , Miller William B. , Wien H. Christian , Mattson Neil S.
Published: September 2018

The objective of this study was to determine effects of bulb size on production time and factors influencing crop quality in pineapple lily (Eucomis sp.) cultivars developed originally for cut flower production. The percentage of bulbs producing an inflorescence increased as bulb size increased. One hundred percent of bulbs >18 cm circumference flowered in three of the four cultivars whereas ‘Tugela Jade’ exhibited 88% flowering. The number of flowers per inflorescence increased as bulb size increased. Scape length increased as bulb size increased in ‘Reuben’. Inflorescence length increased as bulb size increased in ‘Reuben’, ‘Tugela Jade’, and ‘Tugela Gem’. Days to anthesis from planting decreased as bulb size increased in ‘Reuben’ and ‘Tugela Jade’. For all cultivars, the largest bulbs produced the greatest number of leaves per plant and the highest quality inflorescences, largely attributable to the larger number of flowers produced per inflorescence compared with smaller bulbs.
Autonomous Rotary Mower versus Ordinary Reel Mower—Effects of Cutting Height and Nitrogen Rate on Manila Grass Turf Quality
Authors: Pirchio Michel , Fontanelli Marco , Frasconi Christian , Martelloni Luisa , Raffaelli Michele , Peruzzi Andrea , Caturegli Lisa , Gaetani Monica , Magni Simone , Volterrani Marco , Grossi Nicola
Published: September 2018

High-quality sports turfs often require low mowing and frequent maintenance. Sports turfs often consist of hard-to-mow warm season turfgrasses, such as zoysiagrass (Zoysia sp.) or bermudagrass (Cynodon sp.). Although autonomous mowers have several advantages over manually operated mowers, they are not designed to mow lower than 2.0 cm and are consequently not used on high-quality sports turfs. All autonomous mowers are only equipped with rotary mowing devices and do not perform clipping removal. An ordinary autonomous mower was modified to obtain a prototype autonomous mower cutting at a low height. The prototype autonomous mower was tested on a manila grass (Zoysia matrella) turf and compared its performance in terms of turf quality and energy consumption with an ordinary autonomous mower and with a gasoline reel mower. A three-way factor experimental design with three replications was adopted. Factor A consisted of four nitrogen rates (0, 50, 100, and 150 kg·ha−1), factor B consisted of two mowing systems (autonomous mower vs. walk-behind gasoline reel mower with no clipping removal), and factor C consisted of two mowing heights (1.2 and 3.6 cm). Prototype autonomous mower performed mowing at 1.2-cm mowing height whereas ordinary autonomous mower mowed at 3.6-cm mowing height. The interaction between the mowing system and mowing height showed that the turf quality was higher when the turf was mowed by the autonomous mower and at 1.2 cm than at 3.6 cm. Autonomous mowing not only reduced the mowing quality, but also reduced the leaf width. Lower mowing height induced thinner leaves. Nitrogen fertilization not only increased the overall turf quality, reduced weed cover percentage, but also reduced mowing quality. Autonomous mowers also had a lower energy consumption if compared with the reel mower (1.86 vs. 5.37 kWh/week at 1.2-cm mowing height and 1.79 vs. 2.32 kWh/week at 3.6-cm mowing height, respectively). These results show that autonomous mowers can perform low mowing even on tough-to-mow turfgrass species. They could also be used on high-quality sports turfs, thus saving time as well as reducing noise and pollution.
Ornamental Jujube Cultivar Evaluation in the Southwestern United States
Authors: Yao Shengrui , Heyduck Robert
Published: September 2018

All jujube (Ziziphus jujuba) cultivars can be used as fruit trees and in landscaping, but there are four striking ornamental cultivars in our collection: Dragon, Mushroom, So, and Teapot. These cultivars are decorative and can be used for fruit, tree shape, or both as edible landscape plants. We evaluated these four ornamental jujube cultivars in central and northern New Mexico. All four cultivars grew and produced well but performed differently. ‘So’, imported from China in 1914, was a productive and contoured cultivar with medium-sized, sweet/tart fruit and bushy trees, with a decorative tree shape in winter. ‘Dragon’, a recent import from China, was the most dwarf cultivar tested, with small fruit and gnarled trees, and suitable for four-season ornamental use in landscapes. ‘Mushroom’, another recent import from China, had the most decorative fruit shape among the four cultivars tested, with vigorous and productive plants. ‘Teapot’, also a recent import from China, had irregular fruit shapes and vigorous and productive plants. All four cultivars were good edible landscape plants depending on customers’ preferences and space availability/limitation.
Initial Short-term Storage at 33 °F Reduces Physiological Disorder Development in ‘Honeycrisp’ Apples
Authors: Al Shoffe Yosef , Watkins Christopher B.
Published: September 2018

Initial short-term storage is a treatment where fruit are cooled to 33 °F for a specific time period and then moved to 38 °F until the end of storage. Its effects on the development of physiological disorders in ‘Honeycrisp’ apples (Malus domestica) were investigated for two seasons. During the first season, fruit were harvested from two orchards and stored at 33 and 38 °F, with and without 1 week of conditioning at 50 °F, or stored for 4 weeks at 33 °F followed by 4 weeks at 38 °F. All fruit were stored for a total of 8 weeks. In the second season, fruit were harvested from one orchard and stored at 38 °F either with or without 1 week of conditioning at 50 °F, or stored for 1 week at 33 °F and moved to 38 °F for 15 weeks followed by 7 d at 68 °F. Short-term storage (1 to 4 weeks) at 33 °F decreased bitter pit for all orchards in the two seasons, except in comparison with the continuous 33 °F storage in the first season; soft scald was also reduced in the first season compared with continuous storage at 33 °F, with higher incidence of soft scald in orchard one compared with orchard two. Initial short-term storage at 33 °F resulted in lower soggy breakdown incidence compared with storage at 33 °F with 1 week of conditioning at 50 °F for fruit from orchard two in the first season, the only year when low-temperature injuries were observed. In conclusion, initial short-term storage at 33 °F followed by storage at 38 °F maintained the highest percentage of healthy fruit in the two seasons.
Celecoxib in Cancer Therapy and Prevention – Review
Authors: Tołoczko-Iwaniuk Natalia , Dziemiańczyk-Pakieła Dorota , Nowaszewska Beata Klaudia , Celińska-Janowicz Katarzyna , Miltyk Wojciech
Published: September 2018

Background and Objectives: It is generally accepted that inflammatory cells found in the tumor microenvironment are involved in the neoplastic process, promoting cell proliferation, survival, and migration. Therefore, administering anti-inflammatory medication in cancer therapy seems to be justified. A potential pathway associated with the aforementioned issue is cyclooxygenase-2 inhibition, particularly as the overexpression of this enzyme has been proven to occur in cancer tissues and is also associated with a poor prognosis in several types of human malignancies. Celecoxib, a COX-2 selective inhibitor, has been utilized for over 20 years, particularly as an anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic medication. However, to date, its antineoplastic properties have not been sufficiently investigated. In recent years, the number of research studies on the antineoplastic effects of celecoxib has increased considerably. The vast majority of publications refers to preclinical studies attempting to elucidate its mechanisms of action. Clinical trials concerning celecoxib have focused primarily on the treatment of cancers of the colon, breast, lung, prostate, stomach, head and neck, as well as premalignant lesions such as familial adenoma polyposis. In this review article authors attempt to summarise the latest research which has elucidated celecoxib use in the treatment and prevention of cancer.  Conclusion: Both preclinical and clinical studies have demonstrated promising results of the role of celecoxib in the treatment and prevention of cancer – the best outcome was observed in colon, breast, prostate and head and neck cancers. However, more clinical trials providing real evidence-based clinical advances of celecoxib use are needed.
Clinical and Serological Biomarkers of Treatment’s Response in Multiple Sclerosis Patients Treated Continuously with Interferonβ-1b for More than a Decade
Authors: Bărcuţean Laura Iulia , Romaniuc Andreea , Maier Smaranda , Bajko Zoltan , Moţăţăianu Anca , Adina Huţanu , Simu Iunius , Andone Sebastian , Bălaşa Rodica
Published: September 2018

Introduction:

We evaluated the peripheral immune panel of Multiple Sclerosis (MS) patients
treated for more than 10 years with interferon-beta1b (IFNβ-1b) and aimed to identify possible
biomarkers of treatment response.

Material and Methods:

Serum samples from 70 MS patients treated with IFNβ-1b more than a decade
were analysed for 15 cytokines, that were correlated with the disability score, annual relapse ratio
(ARR): the total number of relapses-ARR_0, relapse on treatment-ARR_1 and demographic data. Two
groups were defined based on the levels of disability, calculated using the Expanded Disability Status
Scale (EDSS): G1 – recurrent-remissive and G2 – secondary-progressive. Furthermore, we split the
patients based on gender (G1_f, G1_m, G2_f, G2_m).

Results:

The ARR was reduced after treatment was instituted. We found positive correlations between
IL_25 and EDSS in G1_f and G2_f, tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) and ARR_1 and ARR_0 in G1,
and IL_17F with ARR_1. Negative correlations were for IL_25 and ARR_0 and ARR_1. SCD40L intensely
positively correlated with IL_31 in G1 and G2.

Conclusion:

After more than a decade of treatment, IFNβ-1b offers good results by reducing relapses
and slowing disability progression. Several biomarkers can be used to assess the patient’s response.
High levels of IL_17 and TNFα will indicate a more active form of the disease. IL-25 may exert a
positive influence in male MS patients and should be considered for future studies, together with the
co-modulation between sCD40L and IL_31. Our method allowed us to screen the peripheral immune
panel and can be used for assessing the peripheral levels of the above-mentioned cytokines.
Encapsulation of Reactive Nanoparticles of Aluminum, Magnesium, Zinc, Titanium, or Boron within Polymers for Energetic Applications
Authors: Zeng Wenhui , Nyapete Calvin O. , Benziger Alexander H.H. , Jelliss Paul A. , Buckner Steven W.
Published: September 2018

Background:

There is increasing academic and industrial interest in fabricating reactive
metal and metalloid nanoparticles for a number of energetics applications.

Objective:

Because of inherent thermodynamic instability, the greatest challenge for producing such
metal nanoparticles is to kinetically stabilize their high surface areas toward reactive atmospheric
constituents. Such stabilization can effectively produce nanocomposite materials that retain their high
energy content or other useful properties with a respectable shelf-life. The primary focus is to summarize
methods of synthesis and characterization of these energetically valuable nanoparticles.

Method and Results:

Method and Results: A popular and convenient method to passivate and protect reactive metal nanoparticles
is to either graft pre-assembled polymer molecules to the nanoparticle surface or use the reactive
nanoparticle surface to initiate and propagate oligomer or polymer growth.

Conclusion:

Reactive nanoparticles composed of aluminum, magnesium, zinc, titanium, or boron
may be effectively passivated, capped, and protected by a variety of organic polymers. Such treatment
mitigates degradation due to atmospheric reaction, while retaining the unique properties associated
with the metal-polymer nanocomposites.