bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Causal Effect Estimation under Interference on Hypergraphs
Authors: Ma Jing , Wan Mengting , Yang Longqi , Li Jundong , Hecht Brent , Teevan Jaime
Published: October 2023

Hypergraphs offer a powerful abstraction for representing multi-way group interactions, allowing hyperedges to connect any number of nodes. In contrast to prevailing approaches that focus on capturing statistical dependencies, our research explores hypergraphs from a causal perspective. Specifically, we tackle the problem of estimating individual treatment effects (ITE) on hypergraphs, aiming to determine the causal impact of interventions (e.g., wearing face covering) on outcomes (e.g., COVID-19 infection) for each individual node. Existing ITE estimation methods either assume no interference between individuals or consider interference only among connected individuals in regular graphs. However, such assumptions may not hold in real-world hypergraphs. Recognizing this, we propose a novel causality learning framework HyperSCI by modeling high-order interference on hyper-graphs. Through extensive experiments on real-world hypergraphs, we validate the effectiveness of HyperSCI and highlight the potential of causal inference in hypergraphs with complex group interactions.
1
Ego-Body Pose Estimation via Ego-Head Pose Estimation
Authors: Li Jiaman , Liu C. Karen , Wu Jiajun
Published: October 2023

Estimating 3D human motion from an ego-centric video, which records the environment viewed from the first-person perspective with a front-facing monocular camera, is critical to applications in VR/AR. However, naively learning a mapping between egocentric videos and full-body human motions is challenging for two reasons. First, modeling this complex relationship is difficult; unlike reconstruction motion from third-person videos, the human body is often out of view of an egocentric video. Second, learning this mapping requires a large-scale, diverse dataset containing paired egocentric videos and the corresponding 3D human poses. Creating such a dataset requires meticulous instrumentation for data acquisition, and unfortunately, such a dataset does not currently exist. As such, existing works have only worked on small-scale datasets with limited motion and scene diversity
(yuan20183d; yuan2019ego; luo2021dynamics).
Reconstruction of the Tongue after Hemiglossectomy Using Serratus Anterior Muscle Free Flap
Authors: Šín Petr , Hokynková Alica , Rotschein Pavel , Pejčoch Radek , Nártová Lucie
Published: October 2023

Background. Serratus anterior muscle free flap is widely used in numerous indicated reconstructions. Only a few studies have dealt with the use of this flap in tongue reconstruction. Materials and Methods. We present a case series of 7 patients with carcinoma of the tongue who underwent hemiglossectomy followed by immediate reconstruction with serratus anterior muscle free flap between January 2017 and December 2019 at the University Hospital Brno. The aim of this study was to evaluate safety and efficiency of the reconstruction as well as the donor site morbidity. Results. There was not a single case of flap failure observed and the donor site healed completely in all cases. The functional outcome (tongue mobility, phonation, and deglutition) depended on the severity of the primary oncological disease and health status of the patient. Conclusion. The serratus anterior muscle free flap represents an alternative option for reconstruction of the tongue.
Assessment of the Safety and Efficiency of a Preperitoneal Continuous Infusion Using Bupivacaine after Abdominal Laparotomy in Digestive Carcinology
Authors: Ben-Saghroune Hayat , Abdessadek Mohammed , Achour Sanae , Kfal Youssef , El Bouazzaoui Abderrahim , Kanjaa Nabil , Sbai Hicham
Published: October 2023

The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the safety and efficacy of continuous preperitoneal wound infiltration using bupivacaine after abdominal laparotomy in relation to plasma bupivacaine concentration and visual analog scale. Our study was performed on 60 adult patients with digestive cancer, operated at laparotomy, and randomized into two groups: bupivacaine and saline groups. The wound infiltration was through a multiperforated catheter along the scar. For the bupivacaine group, 0.25% bupivacaine was used; however, for the saline group, only saline (0.9%) was infiltrated. The pain was assessed by using the visual analog scale (VAS) in both groups. Plasma bupivacaine concentration was measured by high-performance liquid chromatography. The bupivacaine group had significantly lower postoperative morphine consumption and lower postoperative pain than the saline group (

P

 < 0.0001). The majority of patients in the bupivacaine group had significant relief with the VAS scores of less than 3/10 cm at rest and 6/10 cm on mobilization. However, for the saline group, the VAS scores were higher than 6/10 cm either at rest or with mobilization. There was no clinical sign of toxicity and no technical complications for the bupivacaine group. Only eleven patients required morphine in this group, but the majority of patients received morphine at different doses in the saline group. Plasma bupivacaine was at very low concentrations. Overall, the current study has confirmed that continuous preperitoneal wound infiltration as postoperative analgesia is a simple, effective, and safe technique. It allows decreasing of morphine consumption and subsequently canceling their side effects.
Design of the Urban Lighting Control System Based on Optical Multisensor Technology and the GM Model
Authors: Wu Weili , Tang Xiang
Published: October 2023

Lighting has emerged as a central concern in the domain of city planning and design in recent decades. Better lighting does more than just make cities safer and more secure; it also makes them more aesthetically pleasing and easier to live in. A single type of optical sensor is no longer sufficient to meet the needs of intelligent lighting for urban roads, and as such, there is a growing demand for cutting-edge control systems that can adapt to the dynamic lighting needs in urban environments. This paper’s goal is to create an intelligent urban lighting control system by integrating optical multisensor technology and the gray model (GM model). Programmable logic controller (PLC) serves as the system’s central processing unit, with light intensity sensors and color sensor-detecting devices placed strategically throughout each city and linked directly to the controller. Each road streetlight is equipped with a motion sensor detection device that is tasked with identifying the presence of vehicles and pedestrians within its field of view. Data fusion technology is utilized to process the environmental data gathered by optical multisensors, the collected data are then used to control and predict outcomes using the robust prediction capability of the GM model, and the result is a lighting control strategy that is both efficient and intelligent. In the end, the strategy presented in this paper is applied to improving the management of an industrial park lighting system’s energy consumption. The results of the evaluations show that the fresh method is successful in dimming, prediction, and control. This conclusively demonstrates the efficacy of the paper’s proposed design solution, which integrates optical multisensor technology with sophisticated control algorithms and data analysis to improve the quality of life in urban areas by boosting the efficiency and sustainability of the urban lighting system.
TABLE 1 from Integrated Molecular Characterization of Intraductal Papillary Mucinous Neoplasms: An NCI Cancer Moonshot Precancer Atlas Pilot Project
Authors: Semaan Alexander , Bernard Vincent , Wong Justin , Makino Yuki , Swartzlander Daniel B. , Rajapakshe Kimal I. , Lee Jaewon J. , Officer Adam , Schmidt Christian Max , Wu Howard H. , Scaife Courtney L. , Affolter Kajsa E. , Nachmanson Daniela , Firpo Matthew A. , Yip-Schneider Michele , Lowy Andrew M. , Harismendy Olivier , Sen Subrata , Maitra Anirban , Jakubek Yasminka A. , Guerrero Paola A.
Published: October 2023

Patient demographics and clinicopathologic characteristics
Supplementary Table 2 from Integrated Molecular Characterization of Intraductal Papillary Mucinous Neoplasms: An NCI Cancer Moonshot Precancer Atlas Pilot Project
Authors: Semaan Alexander , Bernard Vincent , Wong Justin , Makino Yuki , Swartzlander Daniel B. , Rajapakshe Kimal I. , Lee Jaewon J. , Officer Adam , Schmidt Christian Max , Wu Howard H. , Scaife Courtney L. , Affolter Kajsa E. , Nachmanson Daniela , Firpo Matthew A. , Yip-Schneider Michele , Lowy Andrew M. , Harismendy Olivier , Sen Subrata , Maitra Anirban , Jakubek Yasminka A. , Guerrero Paola A.
Published: October 2023

Comparison in MAF and sequencing depth between a targeted and WES approach.
Data from Integrated Molecular Characterization of Intraductal Papillary Mucinous Neoplasms: An NCI Cancer Moonshot Precancer Atlas Pilot Project
Authors: Semaan Alexander , Bernard Vincent , Wong Justin , Makino Yuki , Swartzlander Daniel B. , Rajapakshe Kimal I. , Lee Jaewon J. , Officer Adam , Schmidt Christian Max , Wu Howard H. , Scaife Courtney L. , Affolter Kajsa E. , Nachmanson Daniela , Firpo Matthew A. , Yip-Schneider Michele , Lowy Andrew M. , Harismendy Olivier , Sen Subrata , Maitra Anirban , Jakubek Yasminka A. , Guerrero Paola A.
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms (IPMN) are cystic precursor lesions to pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). IPMNs undergo multistep progression from low-grade (LG) to high-grade (HG) dysplasia, culminating in invasive neoplasia. While patterns of IPMN progression have been analyzed using multiregion sequencing for somatic mutations, there is no integrated assessment of molecular events, including copy-number alterations (CNA) and transcriptional changes that accompany IPMN progression. We performed laser capture microdissection on surgically resected IPMNs of varying grades of histologic dysplasia obtained from 23 patients, followed by whole-exome and whole-transcriptome sequencing. Overall, HG IPMNs displayed a significantly greater aneuploidy score than LG lesions, with chromosome 1q amplification being associated with HG progression and with cases that harbored co-occurring PDAC. Furthermore, the combined assessment of single-nucleotide variants (SNV) and CNAs identified both linear and branched evolutionary trajectories, underscoring the heterogeneity in the progression of LG lesions to HG and PDAC. At the transcriptome level, upregulation of MYC-regulated targets and downregulation of transcripts associated with the MHC class I antigen presentation machinery as well as pathways related to glycosylation were a common feature of progression to HG. In addition, the established PDAC transcriptional subtypes (basal-like and classical) were readily apparent within IPMNs. Taken together, this work emphasizes the role of 1q copy-number amplification as a putative biomarker of high-risk IPMNs, underscores the importance of immune evasion even in noninvasive precursor lesions, and reinforces that evolutionary pathways in IPMNs are heterogenous, comprised of both SNV and CNA-driven events.
Significance:
Integrated molecular analysis of genomic and transcriptomic alterations in the multistep progression of IPMNs, which are bona fide precursors of pancreatic cancer, identifies features associated with progression of low-risk lesions to high-risk lesions and cancer, which might enable patient stratification and cancer interception strategies.
ЛЕПТОСПІРОЗ У ФОКУСІ СУЧАСНИХ ВИКЛИКІВ
Authors: Прийменко Н. О. , Коваль Т. І. , Боднар В. А. , Котелевська Т. М. , Ізюмська О. М. , Сизова Л. М. , Марченко О. Г. , Полторапавлов В. А. , Лимаренко Н. П. , Здор О. І.
Published: October 2023

Розглянуто проблему лептоспірозу, який належить до найпоширеніших зоонозних захворювань у світі, що характеризується тяжким перебігом і високою летальністю. У світлі загроз, пов’язаних з війною в Україні та руйнуванням Каховської ГЕС, зросли ризики виникнення спалахів інфекційних захворювань, у тому числі й лептоспірозу. Детально охарактеризовані питання етіології, епідеміології, клінічного перебігу, лікування та профілактики захворювання. Наведено клінічний випадок тяжкого перебігу лептоспірозу у пацієнта молодого віку, спричиненого збудником серогрупи Іcterohaemorrhagiae.
ОСОБЛИВОСТІ ВИДОВОГО СКЛАДУ МІКРОБІОТИ ПІХВИ У ЖІНОК РЕПРОДУКТИВНОГО ВІКУ
Authors: Кравець Н. Я. , Лихацький П. Г. , Маланчук Л. М. , Господарський І. Я.
Published: October 2023

РЕЗЮМЕ. Зниження кількості лактобацил на слизовій оболонці піхви та шийки матки призводить до зміни видового складу мікробіоти вагіни та супроводжується запальними процесами органів репродуктивної системи жінок.
Мета – дослідити видовий спект мікробіому вагіни жінок репродуктивного віку без ознак інфекційно-запального процесу, та за наявності запальних процесів, у порівнянні з нормоценозом.
Матеріал і методи. Проведено огляд 75 пацієнток віком 20–45 років з різними порушеннями мікробіоценозу вагіни. Обстежувані пацієнтки були поділені на три групи за віком: перша група (20 жінок) – 20–30 років, друга група (30 жінок) – 30–40 років, третя група (25 жінок ) – 35–45 років та контрольна група (10 жінок) з нормоценозом вагіни. Лабораторні дослідження включали: бактеріоскопічний, бактеріологічний та культуральний методи вивчення видового складу (КОУ/мл) та асоціації мікроорганізмів при різних нозологічних формах у модифікації Kopeloff.
Результати. У обстежуваних жінок мікробіота вагіни найчастіше була представлена Gardnerella vaginalis, Atopobium vaginae, Mobiluncus spp., Prevotella spp., Streptococcus spp., Bacteroides spp., Enterococcus spp., Candida albicans, Fusobacterium spp., Peptostreptococcus spp., Eubacterium spp., Veillonella spp. в різний кількості КОУ/мл.
Висновки. Мікробіологічне дослідження стану мікробіоти вагіни жінок дозволило виявити порушення видового складу мікроорганізмів та встановити її нозологічну форму.
ДОСЛІДЖЕННЯ ПРОСТАТОПРОТЕКТОРНОЇ ДІЇ ГУСТОГО ЕКСТРАКТУ З ГРИБІВ МАЙТАКЕ НА МОДЕЛІ ТЕСТОСТЕРОН-ІНДУКОВАНОЇ ГІПЕРПЛАЗІЇ ПЕРЕДМІХУРОВОЇ ЗАЛОЗИ
Authors: Герасимець І. І.
Published: October 2023

РЕЗЮМЕ. Аденома передміхурової залози посідає перше місце серед чоловічих урологічних захворювань. Вона призводить до значного погіршення якості життя чоловіків унаслідок порушень сечостатевої системи та репродуктивної функції, порушується і психоемоційний стан. Для лікування простатиту застосовують різноманітні терапевтичні заходи, проте ефективність лікування залишається на низькому рівні. Тому пошук та створення нових препаратів з групи простатопротекторів є актуальним.
Метою роботи було експериментальне вивчення простатопротекторних властивостей густого екстракту з грибів майтаке за умов тестостерон-індукованої доброякісної гіперплазії передміхурової залози у білих щурів.
Матеріал і методи. Аденому простати моделювали шляхом підшкірного введення розчину тестостерону пропіонату в дозі 3 мг/кг білим щурам-самцям протягом 21 доби. Густий екстракт грибів майтаке піддослідним тваринам вводили внутрішньошлунково щоденно в дозі 150 мг/кг маси тіла щура одночасно з підшкірним введенням тестостерону пропіонату протягом 3 тижнів. Препарат порівняння “Простатофіт” в розведенні 1:10 у дозі 1 мл/100 г маси тіла тварини вводили внутрішньошлунково за такою ж схемою, що й екстракт грибів майтаке. Для проведення лабораторних досліджень брали гомогенат простати та сироватку крові щурів. Простатопротекторну дію екстракту з грибів майтаке оцінювали за активністю кислої та лужної фосфатази, вмістом ТБК-активних продуктів та відновленого глутатіону, розраховували фосфатазний індекс (КФ/ЛФ).
Результати. Введення тестостерону пропіонату білим щурам-самцям протягом 21 доби вірогідно порушує активність фосфатаз, призводить до підвищення ТБК-активних продуктів та зниження вмісту відновленого глутатіону в сироватці крові та гомогенаті простати уражених тварин. Доведено ефективність застосування густого екстракту з грибів майтаке за умов тестостерон-індукованої доброякісної гіперплазії передміхурової залози у щурів. Досліджуваний екстракт пригнічує перекисне окиснення ліпідів та нормалізує антиоксидантно/прооксидантний баланс в організмі тварин з патологією.
Висновки. Густий екстракт з грибів майтаке за умов модельованої гіперплазії передміхурової залози достовірно проявляє простатопротекторну дію. Отримані результати досліджень свідчать про антиоксидантну дію досліджуваного екстракту, оскільки гриби майтаке містять у своєму складі стероїдні сполуки, феноли, флавоноїди та вітаміни.
СИНДРОМАЛЬНА ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКА ДИТЯЧОГО ТРАВМАТИЗМУ
Authors: Процайло М. Д. , Процайло О. М. , Немченко К. Ю.
Published: October 2023

РЕЗЮМЕ. Мета – вивчити основні синдромальні характеристики дитячого травматизму. Детально описати маловідомі раніше закономірності каліцтв у дітей – синдром травматологічної дивергенції, синдром травматологічної тріади, портрет дитини, уразливої до травм. Знання цих синдромів допоможе в практичній діяльності медичних та соціальних працівників значно знизити частоту пошкоджень у дітей.
Для реалізації цієї мети було поставлено такі завдання: дослідити основну сезонну закономірність травматизму; дослідити основну закономірність пошкодження топографо-анатомічних зон дитини; дати загальну характеристику дитини, схильної до травм; розробити основні напрямки профілактики дитячого травматизму.
Матеріал і методи. Здійснювався щомісячний моніторинг показників дитячого травматизму протягом 2020 року в абсолютних цифрах. Аналізували випадки травм у дітей, яким була надана допомога в обласному дитячому травмпункті. Обстежено 7 434 дитини. Пошкодження були об’єднані в загальні групи – переломи верхніх та нижніх кінцівок, вивихи, тупі травми, розтягнення зв’язок суглобів, рани голови, верхніх та нижніх кінцівок. Вивчалася частота пошкоджень кожної топографо-анатомічної ділянки у дітей – голова, кінцівки, кістки таза, хребет.
Травми, які мали спільну причину, виокремили у групи травматизму – побутовий, вуличний, шкільний, спортивний, ДТП.
Вивчали математичну залежність показників травматизму відносно пори року, оточуючого середовища. Отримані показники відображали в абсолютних цифрах у відсотках. Для більш наочної демонстрації цих закономірностей використовували графіки, таблиці.
Результати. Понад 90  % випадків травматизму припадає на вуличний – 5873 (79,9 %), побутовий – 398 (19,0 %). Виявлено характерну сезонну динаміку побутового та вуличного травматизму – синдром травматологічної дивергенції. Максимальні показники травматизму припадають на три літні місяці – синдром травматологічної тріади. Домінували переломи кінцівок. Виявлено основні риси характеру дітей схильних до травм – портрет дитини, уразливої до травм.
Quadrinhos: as iluminuras medievais como arte sequencial
Authors: Borges Lula
Published: October 2023

Tem como objetivo apresentar as iluminuras medievais como arte sequencial e, como tal, verificar se esse tipo artístico tem elementos dos quadrinhos em seu corpo para ser considerado como arte sequencial e quais elementos seriam esses. Nesta pesquisa existe ainda, uma comparação da arte secular das iluminuras com a arte atual dos quadrinhos, elencando-se o Príncipe Valente, personagem criado por Hal Foster, como exemplo significativo, para observar se os mesmos elementos da arte sequencial, utilizados nas histórias do protagonista, são utilizados nas iluminuras medievais. A pesquisa é fundamentada em bibliografias que perpassam as que são comumente voltadas para as histórias em quadrinhos; no entanto, são utilizados também os autores clássicos desse tipo de estudo. Dentre os pesquisadores, para a base teórica do trabalho foram utilizados Eisner (1989), McCloud (1995), Diniz, Eder (s.d.) para expor o assunto quadrinhos; Visali e Godoi (2016) (2016) para tratar do assunto Iluminuras e Andrade (2017), principalmente, para discorrer sobre o Príncipe Valente. No entanto, outros autores foram elencados para o arcabouço teórico do trabalho. Houve também uma pesquisa em biblioteca de códices (E-Codices) para constatar a evolução da arte da iluminura e seu direcionamento lento, porém contínuo, para a Arte Sequencial.
A large new species of Passiflora, supersect. Laurifolia, ser. Quadrangulares (Passifloraceae) from the sub-Amazonian forests of Ecuador, with notes on its taxonomic alliance and distribution
Authors: KUETHE J.R. , MONTESINOS KABIR , GARZÓN-SUÁREZ HENRY X. , JOST LOU
Published: October 2023

We here describe and illustrate Passiflora yolandae, a new species of Passiflora subgenus Passiflora, ser. Quadrangulares, from east-central Ecuador, and discuss its morphology, phenology, distribution, and relationships with other closely related species. This species is most notable for its unusual pendent inflorescence, with the flowers borne on relatively long and slender peduncles, with which it is readily different from its nearest related species. The flower buds, during the early stages of development, are nearly perfectly spherical. Literature studies have shown this plant to be found and collected during previous surveys; however, the sterile condition of those specimens never warranted it the recognition as a new species. We evaluate its conservation status as Endangered. An identification key to the species of Passiflora ser. Quadrangulares is provided.
Does Idolatry Harm Your Neighbor? A Veblenian Approach to the Ethics of the Prophets
Authors: Blosser Andrew
Published: October 2023

Biblical prophetic writings display an unexplained interweaving of anti-idolatry themes with social justice themes. This article offers a link between these ethical foci by appealing to Thorstein Veblen's philosophical economics. Veblen and his more recent followers such as Fred Hirsch argue that upper classes glorify valueless expenditures and activities (conspicuous consumption and leisure) as a means of signaling predatory status. Veblen further theorizes that this process can manifest itself in religious practices and language, appearing when a deity is honored through pointless aesthetics or through portrayal as a predatory entity. This article argues that such a depiction of the deity as predatory, or as worshipped through positional (wasteful) goods, is integral to idolatry, at least as the prophets framed it. Because the hallmark of social injustice is predation by an elite group upon another group, Veblen's paradigm provides a conceptual pathway between the prophet's opposition to idol worship and their disgust with powerful oppressors. Selected texts from Isaiah, Amos, and Jeremiah provide examples of this connection.
With a Little Help from My Friends? A Longitudinal Network Analysis on Fiscal Stress and Collaboration for Public Service Delivery
Authors: Sánchez José , Li Jun , Ranjha Aamer Shaheen , Siciliano Michael D.
Published: October 2023

Local governments face revenue constraints and increasing demands for public service delivery. Confronted with fiscal pressures, cities, and counties engage in collaborative arrangements to save costs or improve service levels. However, the same pressures can also prevent them from seeking collaboration. Two distinguishable arguments in tension can be identified: fiscal stress as a driver or as a deterrent for collaboration. This study reconciles these contrasting views using longitudinal network analysis to examine how fiscal stress affects the likelihood of collaboration in four critical service areas. Results point toward fiscal stress negatively affecting collaboration in service areas when economies of scale are not achievable, and increasing the likelihood of collaboration in service domains where these scales are possible. Understanding when fiscal stress affects collaboration is particularly relevant given resource disparities at the local level. Such inequality can create reinforcing cycles of fiscal stress and reduced opportunities to collaborate in service delivery.
Artificial intelligence and skills in the workplace: An integrative research agenda
Authors: Margaryan Anoush
Published: October 2023

The development and diffusion of artificial intelligence (AI) technologies in workplaces are transforming the nature of work practices and their constituent skill requirements. This dual transformation is challenging for workers, organisations and societies, who are faced with the need to develop and enhance extant and new skills required to succeed in increasingly AI-mediated work settings. Although literature has recognised skills as a key factor in the development and uptake of AI technologies, there has been paucity of empirical research on the precise nature of skill requirements in AI-mediated workplaces. This commentary argues that to advance our understanding of skill requirements in AI-mediated workplaces, an integrative, multidisciplinary, multimethod and multistakeholder approach is required. The commentary proposes an agenda for future research in this societally important but poorly understood area.
Transcriptomic analysis identifies CYP27A1 as a diagnostic marker for the prognosis and immunity in lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: Yin Yi , He Muqun , Huang Yunjian , Xie Xianhe
Published: October 2023

Background

The association between lipid metabolism disorder and carcinogenesis is well-established, but there is limited research on the connection between lipid metabolism-related genes (LRGs) and lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). The objective of our research was to identify LRGs as the potential biomarkers for prognosis and assess their impact on immune cell infiltration in LUAD.

Methods

We identified novel prognostic LRGs for LUAD patients via the bioinformatics analysis. CYP27A1 expression level was systematically evaluated via various databases, such as TCGA, UALCAN, and TIMER. Subsequently, LinkedOmics was utilized to perform the CYP27A1 co-expression network and GSEA. ssGSEA was conducted to assess the association between infiltration of immune cells and CYP27A1 expression. CYP27A1’s expression level was validated by qRT-PCR analysis.

Results

CYP27A1 expression was decreased in LUAD. Reduced CYP27A1 expression was linked to unfavorable prognosis in LUAD. Univariate and multivariate analyses indicated that CYP27A1 was an independent prognostic biomarker for LUAD patients. GSEA results revealed a positive correlation between CYP27A1 expression and immune-related pathways. Furthermore, CYP27A1 expression was positively correlated with the infiltration levels of most immune cells.

Conclusion

CYP27A1 is a potential biomarker for LUAD patients, and our findings provided a novel perspective to develop the prognostic marker for LUAD patients.
The preconception health status of nongravid women aged 18 to 45 years in Arima, Trinidad: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Bala Ria , Maharaj Rohan G , Boppana Leela Krishna Teja , Teelucksingh Surujpal
Published: October 2023

Background

Preconception care (PCC) is the term used for activities and interventions designed to address and prevent problems related to pregnancy, the neonatal period and childhood. This study assessed maternal health status prior to conception in Trinidad by means of a screening tool, physical measurements, and laboratory samples.

Methods

A cross-sectional study was conducted among women aged 18–45 years at a primary care centre in Arima, Trinidad. A de novo PCC screening tool was used to assess 13 domains of high-risk pregnancy in participants. These domains included dietary details, gynaecological and obstetric histories, and genetic and vaccination histories, among others. Blood pressure, weight, height, and waist circumference were recorded, and a capillary blood sample was used to determine random blood glucose and HbA1c levels. All data were coded and entered into SPSS ver. 21.

Results

A total of 400 nongravid participants were recruited, of whom 366 were included in the final analysis. Most (96.7%) had one or more risk factors for adverse pregnancy outcomes. These included overweight (27%), obesity (35%), central obesity (69.4%), and impaired glucose tolerance/diabetes mellitus (IGT/DM) (26.2%). Additionally, a sedentary lifestyle and diet high in processed food/fats were self-reported by 74.9% and 88.8% of participants, respectively. Only 13.1% had planned to conceive, and of those who had no immediate plans to conceive, 76.4% were currently sexually active, and many (60.7%) did not use birth control techniques. More than half (57.1%) had never had a pap smear. On the other hand, 86.3% knew their HIV status. Self-reported percentages for vaccination were as follows: MMR (100%), tetanus (17.5%), hepatitis B (11.5%) and influenza (2.7%). The majority (82.8%) of participants had not visited the dentist in the past year, with 35.9% of these individuals reporting symptoms of periodontitis. Segments of the population had multiple risk factors; for example, 23.7% of participants were overweight or obese and had an elevated HbA1c level.

Conclusions

Unexpectedly, most participants had a risk factor for an adverse pregnancy outcome, and many had multiple risk factors. There is a strong case for enhanced preconception care for women in Trinidad.
A systematic review of school-based student peer-led oral health interventions to promote the oral health of school children
Authors: Elsadek Yasmen E. , Edwebi Sakina , Turner Abigail , Vinall-Collier Karen , Csikar Julia , Pavitt Sue
Published: October 2023

Background

Poor oral health in children highlights the need for prevention and effective interventions. During late childhood and adolescence, peer relationships can play a vital role in adopting and maintaining positive health behaviours.

Aim

To identify the oral health outcomes of school-based student peer-led delivery of oral health interventions.

Methods

A search strategy was developed, piloted, and run in four electronic databases: Medline via Ovid, Web of Science, CINAHL via EBSCO, and CENTRAL (Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials) using key concepts of peer, oral health and adolescent in the school context. Methodological quality was assessed using QuaDs quality assessment tool. All articles were independently screened by two researchers and data was analysed using narrative data synthesis. The PRISMA checklist complemented by aspects of the Synthesis Without Meta-analysis (SWiM) was used to report this systematic review.

Results

There were 7572 identified, 24 studies progressed to full-text review, ten studies met the eligibility criteria and were included in the review. Only six studies based their interventions on psychological & behavioural theory. Intervention delivered by peers showed improvements in both clinical and self-reported outcomes when compared to other delivery methods (e.g., professionals). Quality of included studies was reported according to QuaDs guidance.

Conclusion

Peer-led interventions were more effective in improving oral health status and behaviours when compared to other modes of delivery. Future research should assess if a bi-directional impact of peer-led interventions can be seen. Specifically, if there is added value for school-based student peer-leader's including their own oral health knowledge, skills, attitude and preventative behaviours.
Making Gaybies
Authors: Keaney Jaya
Published: October 2023

In Making Gaybies Jaya Keaney explores queer family making as a site of racialized intimacy. Drawing on interviews with queer families in Australia, Keaney traces the lived experiences of choice and constraint as these families seek to craft likeness with their future children and tell stories of chosen family made through love. Queer family building often involves multiracial and multicultural encounters, as intending parents take part in the global fertility industry. Keaney follows queer family making through reproductive technologies and highlights the confines of varied transnational reproductive markets and policies as well as changing formations of race, gender, sexuality, and kinship. Whether sharing the story of white gay men choosing Indian and Thai egg donors to make their surrogate-born children's ethnicities visually distinct from their own or that of an Aboriginal lesbian and her white partner choosing a Cherokee donor from the United States to articulate a global Indigeneity, Keaney foregrounds the entwinement of reproduction, race, and affect. By focusing on queer family making, Keaney demonstrates how reproduction fosters a queer multiracial imaginary of kinship.
Predicting perineal trauma during childbirth using data from a general obstetric population
Authors: Maher Gillian M. , O'Byrne Laura J. , McKernan Joye , Corcoran Paul , Greene Richard A. , Khashan Ali S. , McCarthy Fergus P.
Published: October 2023

Background: Perineal trauma is a common complication of childbirth and can have serious impacts on long-term health. Few studies have examined the combined effect of multiple risk factors. We developed and internally validated a risk prediction model to predict third and fourth degree perineal tears using data from a general obstetric population.

Methods: Risk prediction model using data from all singleton vaginal deliveries at Cork University Maternity Hospital (CUMH), Ireland during 2019 and 2020. Third/fourth degree tears were diagnosed by an obstetrician or midwife at time of birth and defined as tears that extended into the anal sphincter complex or involved both the anal sphincter complex and anorectal mucosa. We used univariable and multivariable logistic regression with backward stepwise selection to develop the models. Candidate predictors included infant sex, maternal age, maternal body mass index, parity, mode of delivery, birthweight, post-term delivery, induction of labour and public/private antenatal care. We used the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve C-statistic to assess discrimination, and bootstrapping techniques were used to assess internal validation.

Results: Of 8,403 singleton vaginal deliveries, 8,367 (99.54%) had complete data on predictors for model development. A total of 128 women (1.53%) had a third/fourth degree tear. Three variables remained in the final model: nulliparity, mode of delivery (specifically forceps delivery or ventouse delivery) and increasing birthweight (per 100 gram increase) (C-statistic: 0.75, 95% CI: 0.71, 0.79). We developed a nomogram to calculate individualised risk of third/fourth degree tears using these predictors. Bootstrapping indicated good internal performance.

Conclusions: Use of our nomogram can provide an individualised risk assessment of third/fourth degree tears and potentially aid counselling of women on their potential risk.
De repente, la maldita lucidez. Experiencias y reflexiones de un cuidador en salud mental.
Authors: Saavedra Macías Francisco Javier
Published: October 2023

Esta obra tiene una doble naturaleza; por una parte, se configura en once relatos que dan cuenta de los recuerdos de un joven cuidador de personas diagnosticadas con trastornos mentales graves; por otra, basándose en esas experiencias descritas, se introducen, a modo de ensayo, ideas y re­flexiones relacionadas con los trastornos psicológicos, la salud mental y los cuidados que estas personas requieren. Los episodios y los conflictos que se narran son aparentemente delirantes; sin embargo, dejan traslucir los mismos temores y deseos, a veces reprimidos, que a todos nos asaltan. El libro se dirige a estudiantes y profesionales de ciencias de la salud, pero resulta igualmente atractivo para la población en general.
El Edificio de los Betilos (Castro de Elviña, A Coruña): religiosidad e interacciones culturales en la Edad del Hierro del Noroeste.
Authors: Nión-Álvarez Samuel , Castro González María Guadalupe , Carneiro Alonso Alba Lucía
Published: October 2023

El presente trabajo realiza una aproximación arqueológica al Edificio de los Betilos (Castro de Elviña, A Coruña), una construcción de carácter cultual identificada en el año 2017. Con escasos ejemplos equiparables en el Noroeste de la Península, su estudio permite comprender el valor de las interacciones culturales con otros pueblos del sur peninsular como un elemento clave para el desarrollo de Elviña como asentamiento de gran complejidad interna. Este trabajo afronta un análisis arqueológico y arquitectónico, explorando cuestiones relativas a sus fases de ocupación, las actividades realizadas en cada área o su orientación funcional. Los resultados permiten comprender la dimensión simbólica del edificio, valorando las influencias endógenas y exógenas en su estructuración interna y comprendiéndolo como un elemento central para la sanción y legitimación de relaciones transculturales a larga distancia. Finalmente, se sugiere un análisis a escala macro, comprendiendo su génesis y desarrollo en el contexto de las relaciones atlánticas entre Gades, Roma y el Noroeste galaico
Monumentos ibéricos en el valle de altura de Jutia (Albacete). Ciervas, toros y agua en las estribaciones de los sistemas béticos.
Authors: Chapa Brunet Teresa , González Reyero Susana
Published: October 2023

Este trabajo presenta los elementos constructivos y escultóricos de época ibérica identificados en Jutia (Nerpio-Yeste, Albacete). La valoración iconográfica y territorial del conjunto nos lleva a señalar la existencia de un área monumental ubicada en un valle de altura, junto a una surgencia de agua y a caminos tradicionales, relevantes en la transitabilidad de este territorio de montaña. Su análisis nos permite proponer que esta monumentalización exhibió animales como ciervas y toros, en una probable alusión a la reproducción, al ciclo vital y a la protección de quienes circularan por estos caminos
Algunas precisiones sobre los macella romanos y la función del pórtico de sus fachadas.
Authors: Cristilli Armando
Published: October 2023

El papel tradicional otorgado al pórtico exterior del macellum, el edificio comercial más representativo del mundo romano, como elemento encargado de ocultar al propio mercado, es cuestionado. A diferencia de ello, diferentes ejemplos demuestran que este tipo de pórtico marcó la presencia de los macella en su paisaje urbano por medio de su diseño y decoración. Un análisis más preciso muestra, de hecho, que el pórtico de la fachada fue concebido como un elemento vinculado a la planificación urbana y como reflejo de un sistema integrado más complejo (ciudad, macellum, propaganda visual, ideología, cultura). Por ello, esta característica estructura arquitectónica porticada, en lugar de ocultarlo, destacaba el edificio del mercado romano en su plan urbanístico y permitió así su aprobación y homologación por parte de los ciudadanos.
El taller vidriero de los siglos IV-V de la Insula II del Molinete (Cartagena, España): análisis arqueológico e interpretación.
Authors: García-Aboal María Victoria , Govantes-Edwards David J. , Duckworth Chloe N. , Noguera Celdrán José Miguel
Published: October 2023

La excavación arqueológica de la denominada Insula II del Molinete (Cartagena, provincia de Murcia, España) permitió documentar un santuario isiaco activo desde finales del siglo I al III. Tras su amortización y abandono, sus estructuras fueron ocupadas entre el segundo cuarto/mediados del siglo IV y la primera mitad del V por sendos talleres artesanales dedicados a la fabricación de vidrio y hierro. En este trabajo se caracterizan dichas instalaciones productivas, poniendo especial énfasis en el taller vidriero y su contexto arqueológico. Se estudia su organización topográfica, la estructura de sus instalaciones e infraestructuras (en particular sus hornos), así como algunos indicios materiales asociados a la actividad productiva. Asimismo, los equipamientos, en especial los hornos, se confrontan con otros similares documentados en diversas regiones del occidente romano, lo que junto con el estudio de algunos desechos de producción procedentes del entorno inmediato del taller permite vincularlos con ciertas garantías a la producción vidriera. También se hace una primera presentación y discusión de los resultados del análisis químico de un conjunto de muestras de vidrio recogidas de los contextos vinculados a la actividad del taller y a algunos niveles de su entorno posteriores al cese de su actividad. La documentación de este nuevo ambiente productivo abre nuevas perspectivas de análisis de la Carthago Spartaria de los siglos IV-V y contribuye a perfilar su carácter artesanal y comercial.
Balanceo de cargas de trabajo para un proceso de otorgamiento de créditos con enfoque Business Process Management
Authors: Morales Bastidas Ingrid Catalina , Rodríguez-Rios Claudia Yadira , Sepulveda Rojas Juan Pedro
Published: October 2023

El objetivo es presentar un modelo de balanceo de cargas de trabajo, bajo el enfoque Business Process Management (BPM), a través de un estudio de caso en el proceso estocástico, multiobjetivo y complejo de análisis de créditos comerciales en un banco, que tiene problemas en la asignación de los recursos, puesto que algunos están recargados con relación a otros, y no se cumple la promesa de valor, en cuanto al tiempo de respuesta al cliente, ante una solicitud de crédito. La metodología aplicada incluye teoría de colas, con herramientas de control de producción y análisis de operaciones, tales como diagramas y caracterización de redes de Jackson, así como la simulación. También se encontró que los métodos heurísticos y de programación lineal no aplican para un proceso de esta complejidad, se realizaron análisis estadísticos a las diferentes variables de entrada con el programa computacional Minitab 21.2®; se usó el software de simulación de eventos discretos SIMIO® para modelar la situación actual, en pro de evidenciar las causasde la problemática; y, al buscar el máximo desempeño del indicador de uso de capacidad instalada, se observó deterioro en las otras métricas como el tiempo de ciclo y el WIP (Trabajo en Progreso, por sus siglas en inglés), por lo anterior, se buscó un escenario que no necesariamente fuera el óptimo, pero que en La metodología incluye aspectos investigados en teoría de colas, bajo el enfoque BPM, con herramientas de control de producción y análisis de operaciones tales como diagramas de red, caracterización de redes de Jackson, así como la simulación de procesos, la cual se definió como la forma idónea de representar el modelo actual y propuesto, ya que los métodos heurísticos y de programación lineal, no aplican para un proceso de esta complejidad. Se realizaron análisis de entrada y estadísticos de las diferentes variables del sistema, para lo cual se utilizó el programa computacional Minitab 21.2® y el software de simulación de eventos discretos SIMIO® para modelar la situación actual del sistema en pro de evidenciar las causas de la problemática, al buscar el máximo desempeño del indicador de uso de capacidad instalada se observó deterioro en las otras métricas como el tiempo de ciclo y el WIP, se buscó un escenario que no necesariamente fuera el óptimo pero que en balance para todos los indicadores tuviera un resultado aceptable con el desempeño esperado. El valor que aporta este estudio a las organizaciones es de alta relevancia para las entidades del sector de servicios financieros, pues se logran mejoras significativas en los indicadores clave de desempeño de un proceso complejo. balance para todos los indicadores tuviera un resultado aceptable con el desempeño esperado. Este estudio es relevante para el sector de servicios financieros, pues se logra mejoras significativas en los indicadores clave de desempeño de un proceso complejo.
Museos del Valle de Toluca (México). Una historia marcada por la intervención estatal y su falta de gestión e innovación
Authors: Delgado Caballero Laura , Sánchez Valdés Arlén , Peñaloza-Suárez Laura
Published: October 2023

En el Valle de Toluca (México), los museos manejados por el Estado enfrentan un escenario adverso acrecentado por los constantes recortes presupuestales, problemas de autonomía, cambios en los gustos y preferencias de los visitantes y la reciente crisis sanitaria. Sin duda, esto ha limitado su capacidad de gestión e innovación, no solo porque dependen de las políticas públicas y los procesos de modernización que delinea el Gobierno en turno, sino porque día con día es más complejo atraer públicos ante la creciente oferta cultural de las ciudades. A través de un estudio de corte fenomenológico, y haciendo uso del software Atlas.ti, se realizaron entrevistas a actores clave de los museos y, mediante el análisis de contenido, se abordaron estas problemáticas; se profundizó en los elementos de gestión e innovación, desde la perspectiva de los tomadores de decisiones, identificando que los museos se encuentran en un estado crítico, por lo que resulta indispensable reestructurar la forma de operar y orientar sus modelos para ir acorde con la demanda actual de los mercados culturales. El estudio comprueba que las relaciones de la gestión y la innovación establecen las condiciones necesarias para el desarrollo museográfico de la entidad.
Implementing 3rd-year learning disability student nurse-led clinics and evaluating self-efficacy and confidence
Authors: Hodge Gemma , Cross Debbie , Barwick Claire
Published: October 2023

Background

Workplace self-confidence and self-efficacy has been strongly associated with increased coping strategies, job satisfaction and resilience to workplace adversity ( Bandura, 1982 ) which results in higher quality care delivery. The main aim was to evaluate the growth of confidence and autonomy in developing a Learning Disability professional identity within primary care settings, through student led clinics, utilising a long arm supervision approach.

Methodology/Methods

An explorative hermeneutic phenomenology approach, using semi structured interviews was utilised to explore themes and experiences around self-efficacy and confidence in students, practice assessors and supervisors.

Findings

Long arm approach is an effective learning approach for students to develop their own autonomy in primary care clinics. However, placement planning and a supportive environment are vital for its success and for the student to build self-efficacy and autonomy in a primary care setting.

Conclusion and Implications

Increased confidence is viewed as a crucial factor in evolving role identity and managing change which are major factors in the preparation for registration and joining the healthcare workforce. The 3rd year Learning Disability nurse led clinics did have impact on workforce well-being by alleviating workload on quality outcomes and frameworks (QOF); prepared students for autonomous working; and increase practitioners’ confidence in using long arm supervision.
THE RADIOGRAPHIC UNION SCORE FOR ULNAR FRACTURES (RUSU) PREDICTS ULNAR SHAFT NONUNION
Authors: Leow J.M. , Oliver W.M. , Bell K.R. , Molyneux S.G. , Clement N.D. , Duckworth A.D.
Published: October 2023

To develop a reliable and effective radiological score to assess the healing of isolated ulnar shaft fractures (IUSF), the Radiographic Union Score for Ulna fractures (RUSU).

Initially, 20 patients with radiographs six weeks following a non-operatively managed ulnar shaft fracture were selected and scored by three blinded observers. After intraclass correlation (ICC) analysis, a second group of 54 patients with radiographs six weeks after injury (18 who developed a nonunion and 36 who united) were scored by the same observers.

In the initial study, interobserver and intraobserver ICC were 0.89 and 0.93, respectively. In the validation study the interobserver ICC was 0.85. The median score for patients who united was significantly higher than those who developed a nonunion (11 vs 7, p<0.001). A ROC curve demonstrated that a RUSU ≤8 had a sensitivity of 88.9% and specificity of 86.1% in identifying patients at risk of nonunion. Patients with a RUSU ≤8 (n = 21) were more likely to develop a nonunion (n = 16/21) than those with a RUSU ≥9 (n = 2/33; OR 49.6, 95% CI 8.6–284.7). Based on a PPV of 76%, if all patients with a RUSU ≤8 underwent fixation at 6-weeks, the number of procedures needed to avoid one nonunion would be 1.3.

The RUSU shows good interobserver and intraobserver reliability and is effective in identifying patients at risk of nonunion six weeks after fracture. This tool requires external validation but may enhance the management of patients with isolated ulnar shaft fractures.