bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PSYCHOLOGICAL SPECIFIC FEATURES OF FORMATION OF FUTURE RESERVE OFFICERS’ READINESS FOR SERVICE-AND-COMBAT ACTIVITIES
Authors:   Cadet of the Academic Group 130 of the Faculty of Humanities, National Academy of the National Guard of Ukraine, DEMIANYSHYNA Sofia , MEDVID Yuliia ,   Ph.D in Pedagogy, Senior Scientific Worker of the Scientific-and-Organizational Department, National Academy of the National Guard of Ukraine
Published: January 2021

Service and combat activities of servicemen of the National Guard of Ukraine have psychological features, respectively, and in the process of training reserve officers they must be taken into account. Changes in service and combat activities in the training of personnel for service and combat activities have an impact on the psychological features of this activity and on the psychological features of the formation of readiness of future reserve officers for it. Method. Survey. Results. According to the results of the study, the psychological features of the formation of the readiness of future reserve officers for service and combat activities are determined. It is proposed to adjust the training process taking into account the identified psychological features of the formation of this readiness. Originality. The necessity has been determined: to carry out training of applicants according to the program of training of reserve officers in the military accounting specialty - military psychologist; scientific and pedagogi- cal staff of the department of reserve officers training to review the content of the program in such a way as to reveal the features and importance of all functions of the National Guard of Ukraine, including participation in measures to end armed conflict and other provocations at the state border prevention of mass crossing of the state border from the territory of neighboring states, participation in the implementation of measures of the legal regime of martial law and participation in the implementation of territorial defense tasks; application of exercises and games for the development of the necessary qualities and prevention of the development of negative qualities, which can be used both during the training program for reserve officers and in out-of-class activities. Resume. Further research will be aimed at determining the pedagogical conditions for the formation of the readiness of future reserve officers for service and combat activities, taking into account the psychological characteristics and conducting a pedagogical experiment.
STRUCTURE AND CONSTRUCTION OF THE CONTENT OF THE PROGRAM OF THE EDUCATIONAL DISCIPLINE "CHEMISTRY WITH FUNDAMENTALS OF BIOGEOCHEMISTRY"
Authors:   Doctor in Pedagogy, Associate Professor, Professor of Ecology, Geography and Tourism Department, Rivne State University of Humanities, VOITOVYCH Oksana
Published: January 2021

Introduction. The ecologist has to understand the causes of environmental issues and know how to solve them, thus he has to possess a set of knowledge in chemical sciences, which includes knowledge of the properties of chemicals and conditions of their transformation, ways of spreading harmful substances in the environment to predict their impact on the environment. The purpose of the article is to substantiate the structure of the curriculum of the discipline "Chemistry with the fundamentals of biogeochemistry" and identify factors in constructing the content of educational material for the training of future environmentalists. The following research methods are used in the article: theoretical - analysis of educational and methodical literature; study of scientific publications on research topics; systematization and generalization of information; study of regulatory documentation of the organization of the educational process in higher education institutions. As a result of the research we determined, the main factors in constructing the content of the discipline are taking into account the target component for designing the content of the discipline; content of the discipline in accordance with certain forms of educational activities in higher education institutions and features of the discipline; improvement of methods, forms and means of training for effective mastering of chemical competencies; constant monitoring of academic achievements of applicants for higher education and adjustment of the content of modules of the discipline. Originality. For the first time we have proposed a rational and practice-oriented approach to structuring and constructing the content of the curriculum of the discipline "Chemistry with the fundamentals of biogeochemistry" taking into account the specifics of training future environmentalists. Conclusion. We state that structuring sections of the curriculum and constructing the content of the discipline taking into account modern scientific advances in chemistry system and sequence of mastering subject competencies, availability of theoretical and practical material, nsuring the relationship of theory with practice, rational use of visual aids, complexity of development professional competence will improve the quality of the educational process. The introduction of modern approaches to the study of the chemistry of natural processes, modeling their impact on living organisms is promising.
PECULIARITIES OF APPLYING VARIOUS APPROACHES TO THE PROFESSIONAL JOURNALISTS’ TRAINING AT THE US UNIVERSITIES
Authors:   Ph.D in Pedagogy, Associate Professor, Foreign Languages Department, Lviv Polytechnic National University, MARTSIKHIV Khrystyna
Published: January 2021

Introduction. It is necessary to note that integra- tion and globalization processes have considerably affected the training of future journalists, making new demands on the society. Due to these advanc- es different approaches to the journalist’s educa- tional process started to be used by lecturers.The purpose of the article is to analyze ap- proaches introduced in the educational process of professional journalists’ training. The methods. To achieve a certain purpose, a set of research methods have been used: general scientific including analysis and synthesis have been applied for the investigation of legal documen- tation, instructional programs; induction and de- duction have been used to highlight the features of professional journalists’ training in US universities; due to methods of system-structural and system- functional analysis the main components of journal- ism education in the USA have been singled out. Results. In the course of the research various approaches applied during the professional training of journalists in the USA have been characterized. Main peculiarities of axiological, acmeological, syn- ergetic, hermeneutic, diagnostic, competency- based, andragogic, organizational, functional- systematic, student-oriented, culturological and interdisciplinary approaches have been identified. Due to the freedom of the development of the socie- ty it has been investigated that these approaches have such similarities: integrated use of learning tools, methods and technologies; reasonable focus on forming professional qualities of future journal- ists. The scientific originality of the results obtained is determined by the fact that for the first time thor- ough analysis of approaches used in the US educa- tional system for the professional journalists’ train- ing has been conducted. Conclusion. On the basis of the conducted re- search it is outlined that the professional journal- ists’ training at the US universities is grounded on theoretical likewise practical approaches. Taking into consideration developed provisions, the organi- zation of professional journalists’ training, will con- tribute to the formation of highly qualified media specialists abled to compete in the labor market.
Trastorno dismórfico corporal del adolescente
Authors: García-Escribano F. , Pérez Moreno M. R.
Published: January 2021

El Trastorno Dismórfico Corporal (TDC) es un trastorno caracterizado por la preocupación por defectos físicos corporales no existentes, o apenas perceptibles, que generan un gran malestar psicológico o un deterioro en el funcionamiento de la persona que lo padece. La prevalencia de este trastorno oscila entre el 1,7 y 2,5% en la población general, siendo las dos terceras partes de los casos de inicio en la adolescencia. Existen diferencias significativas a la hora de clasificar este trastorno. Mientras que la CIE-10 lo hace dentro de los trastornos somatomorfos, el DSM-5 y la futura CIE-11 lo clasifican dentro del Trastorno obsesivo compulsivo (TOC) y Trastornos relacionados. Así mismo, a nivel clínico, pueden surgir dudas diagnósticas con los trastornos psicóticos o con los trastornos de la conducta alimentaria. Presentamos el caso de una paciente de 16 años, cuya sintomatología planteaba los interrogantes previamente descritos, decantándonos finalmente por el diagnóstico de TDC en la forma en que lo hacen el DSM-5 y la futura CIE-11 (TOC y trastorno relacionados), siendo tratada como tal y evolucionando de forma favorable. Este artículo tiene dos objetivos principales. En primer lugar, actualizar al lector en el novedoso cambio nosológico del TDC en la CIE-11, que se aproxima cada vez más a la orientación americana, siendo ésta la que hemos usado como referente para nuestro trabajo. En segundo lugar, profundizar en el diagnóstico diferencial de esta entidad, ya que no resulta una tarea sencilla y prueba de ello es el cambio clasificatorio anteriormente mencionado.
Prospects for the development of philosophical education in Ukraine. Round Table
Authors: Boiko Angela , Dakhniy Andriy Yosypovych , Karpenko Ivan Vasyliovych , Menzhulin Vadym Ihorovych , Proleiev Sergii Viktorovych , Shashkova Lyudmyla Oleksiivna , Boichenko Mykhailo  Ivanovych
Published: January 2021

On May 19, 2020, it took place online a meeting of the participants of the working group formed by the Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine to develop a state standard of philosophical education for three higher education levels – bachelor's, master's and PhD programs. The meeting was attended by most of the members of the working group, who had the opportunity to do so. The topic for discussion was the still unrealized potential of philosophical education, which is available in Ukrainian universities, in particular – the causes and consequences of the current crisis in higher education in Ukraine in general, and in philosophical education in particular. There were revealed the strengths and weaknesses of the current system of teaching philosophy in the Ukrainian higher school, its indisputable achievements and not yet realized opportunities, and accordingly – the prospects for the development of philosophical education in Ukraine. The following issues were discussed: lacks in philosophical education in Ukraine today, changes in the content and format of this education, experience of rapid development of public philosophy in Ukraine useful for improving academic education, benefits of academic philosophical education in Ukraine. During the discussion of these issues, it was emphasized the need to preserve the best academic traditions of Ukrainian universities, as well as their further institutional development and purification from outdated forms in order to update the content of philosophy. It was noted the need for a new definition of the goals of philosophical education – both for philosophy itself and for the education system and society as a whole. Among the tasks of improving the content of philosophical education was mentioned improving the quality of historical-philosophical research and in particular translations of world classics into Ukrainian, and at the same time stressed the need to study modern philosophical problems together with students and graduate students. Special mention was made of the large and still underused resource of involving students in the formation of a curriculum in philosophy (free choice of some disciplines), as well as creative resources and useful experience of non-academic teaching of philosophy, which has its weaknesses and strengths. The participants agreed on the need to return to philosophical education an elite status, which should be provided primarily on master's and PhD levels of education, while the new bachelor's standard of philosophical education is designed to provide quality broad humanities education.
Student view on the prospects of philosophical education in Ukraine
Authors: Dubniak Zlatyslav Oleksandrovych
Published: January 2021

The article analyzes the results of a questionnaire of students of philosophical specialties at leading Ukrainian universities about the prospects of philosophical education in Ukraine. Students answered five questions: «What should be changed in the content of philosophical education in Ukraine?», «What should be changed in the format of philosophical education in Ukraine?», «What do you consider an attribute of academic philosophical education?», «What projects of public philosophy in Ukraine do you know or perhaps participated in them?» and «What can students do on their own in the near future to make changes for the better in philosophy education tangible?» The study of the answers showed that the desired changes in the content of philosophical education are the actualization of literature and topics, inclusion in the curriculum of works, ideas of recent decades, as well as balancing courses, establishing a productive sequence and interconnection of different disciplines. In the format of philosophical education, students would like to change the number and quality of interactions between all participants in the learning process through the introduction of new ways of interaction. Another proposal is to give preference to creative practices over the practices of passive assimilation and reproduction of information. In addition, respondents drew attention to the need to increase the responsibility of the professor in terms of student assessment. Respondents also stressed the need for students to adhere to academic integrity, as well as the need to increase the organizational and administrative activity of students. In general, these and other answers presented in the paper can be considered as examples of student reflection on current issues of philosophical education in Ukraine.
Educational guidelines in the process of implementation of rational principles and the value preconditions of the open society
Authors: Abdula Аndrii Ivanovich
Published: January 2021

The theoretical model of the open society was and remains a fruitful way of reflecting the essential links within a democratic society. Analyzing this concept from its rationality, the author tries to highlight its fundamental principles and determine their impact on the form and content of the functioning of education.

The article offers a view of K. Popper’s “open society” as a way to implement the principles of criticism (critical methodology), of (potential) fallibility, egalitarianism (pluralism) as principles of social rationality. The connection between these principles, moral obligations, and the humanistic theory of justice is emphasized. Their socio-philosophical and epistemological realization in the context of educational issues is covered. The paper considers problems of state intervention in educational processes, the definition of educational goals, the methodology of social reforms (including educational reforms).

The article also outlines the problem of defining the boundaries of regulation of the educational process in the value system of open society. This discussion is interpreted in terms of the theory of rationality as an attempt to avoid the extremes of absolutism (dogmatism) and relativism. Emphasis is placed on the prospects of using the critical-rationalist methodology, in the context of education and development of skills necessary for participation in democratic processes.

Particular attention is paid to the problematic aspects of the implementation of the rational principles and values of the open society in the educational environment and in the process of reforming the education system in the absence of a constant critical and rationalist tradition. The paper emphasizes the importance of critical thinking in the prospect of implementing these transformations.

The importance of scientific, logical and methodological, psychological and pedagogical aspects of critical thinking is emphasized; the author tries to comprehend the problematic aspects of the implementation of these principles in the process of implementing reforms in the field of education.
Коли гуманітарій плакав або Криза гуманітарної освіти в Україні: симптоми і шляхи лікування
Authors: Honcharenko Kateryna Serhiivna
Published: January 2021

This article may be completely devoid of academic pathos and full of everyday irony, but such an approach can probably be justified by the situation that has developed in the educational space of the country today. The situation itself is so glaring that speaking in the "exemplary language" of high-ranking officials and extensive constructions of wordplay like the "bright future" of our education does not arouse any desire. Under these conditions, in this article we try to analyze some problems that exist in the system of humanitarian education in Ukraine. In particular, we address the issue that the country's educational strategy (if it exists at all) is a continuous "experiment" based on the continuous testing of various educational strategies in the world on the Ukrainian education system and in which children and teachers are subjects. Such experiments, even in experimental sociology or psychology, are called "inhuman." After all, only "our" education system adopts a new strategy, as soon as the next Minister of Education appears with his innovations and his own vision of the situation; it lacks either logic or any relationship between higher and secondary schools; it is there that the level of state funding of the humanitarian bloc is declining and depreciating, which could lead to complete cultural degradation. We focus on the latter. Because it is the humanities education, and the same humanities, at any time, in any country have been leaders and indicators of the level of social and cultural development in general. The purpose and objectives of the study are to identify and analyze some of the problems that exist today in the field of humanities education and which cause the symptoms of its "disease"
Development of Workbook to Enhance Students’ Competency in Computer Networking Fundamentals
Authors: Benitez Ian P.
Published: January 2021

ABSTRACT This study focused on the development of a workbook to overcome students’ learning difficulties and to strengthen their competency in a computer networking course in the implementation of competency-based training at Camarines Sur Polytechnic College. The difficult networking skills were identified, a workbook was created using Backward Design, and an assessment of the effectiveness of the workbook in the learning process was carried out. A paired sample t-test on the findings of the pre-test and post-test showed a substantial increase in student performance. Post-test results showed that students had a high degree of competence with a passing rate of 98.6 percent. In addition, with a wide weighted average of 4.51, the workbook was found to be acceptable in terms of content, working example, and assessment. These results showed that the developed workbook was able to enhance students’ competency in computer networking fundamentals.
"DETERMINANTS OF PROFITABILITY: EVIDENCE FROM RUSSIAN AGRICULTURAL FIRMS"
Authors: Fitim Deari , Sadri Alija , Lakshina Valeriya V.
Published: January 2021

"The analysis of profitability and the factors that can influence it is of vital importance in business decision making. Thus, the purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between profitability and working capital, leverage, and net trade credit. The study is developed based on a sample of Russian firms, which operate in the agricultural sector, for the period from 2013 to 2017. The result denoted that firms were both, profitable and liquid ones, and bought more than sold on credit. Among other results, the study showed that more profitable firms operated with higher liquidity. Onward, the study suggested that firms should decrease the financial leverage ratio in order to increase profitability"
ENTREPRENEURSHIP EDUCATION PROGRAMME - STUDENTS’ OPINIONS
Authors: Feșteu Dorin , Turlakova Natalia
Published: January 2021

"the purpose of this research was to identify students’ opinions regarding the relevance and preferred learning approaches in an Entrepreneurship Education programme. A transversal design, using a questionnaire on 139 students from seven universities from Belarus, Moldova and Ukraine was employed. The study concluded that Entrepreneurship and Business Planning were perceived as essential modules. Leadership and Project Management and Innovation Management were perceived as very relevant. Intellectual Property Law was perceived as of little relevance. Overall, the preferred delivery modes were: “Practical module within a start-up”, “Optional module within a Master’s programme” and “Learning by running a business”. However, different approaches were suggested for different modules. "
BENEFITS OF APPLYING THE CLIL CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK IN BUSINESS ENGLISH CLASSES
Authors: Maican Maria Anca
Published: January 2021

"The present paper aims at providing an insight into the benefits that content and language integrated learning (CLIL) can bring to the teaching of business English in higher education, given the place of the English language in the European Union and the competitive advantages it offers on the international labour market. The first part of the paper puts emphasis on some historical facts related to CLIL, presents the EU position with respect to this teaching approach and introduces its characteristics. The second part shows how, in the absence of the dual-focus CLIL, this methodology can be adapted and successfully integrated in business English classes, by applying the four elements of the CLIL conceptual framework: content, communication, culture and cognition "
AUGMENTED REALITY TECHNOLOGIES IN EDUCATION - A LITERATURE REVIEW
Authors: Vuță Daniela Roxana
Published: January 2021

"Digital technologies advancements have reshaped the framework of the traditional classroom and taken educational curriculum to a different new level. More than ever, the education systems all over the world, strongly affected by the shock of the COVID-19 crisis, need to rely on innovation and digital resources. Augmented Reality (AR) technology can enable educators and students to access specialised materials beyond time and space. This paper presents a systematic review of literature on AR in education in the last 3 years. In total 30 research papers were analysed in this review, by using the content analysis method. Further research topics concerning the affordances of AR applications in education have been identified. "
Particular Situations of Paradoxical Embolism - Case Presentations
Authors: Bogdan Denisa Alexandra , Covaciu Alexandru , Benza Valentina , Rus Horațiu , Bobescu Elena
Published: January 2021

Patent Foramen Ovale (PFO) is a congenital anomaly with a prevalence of 25% in the general population and approximately 55% in patients with cryptogenic stroke under the age of 55 years. We present two cases of patients with PFO discovered accidentally as a result of thromboembolic complications. The first patient, elderly with multiple risk factors for hypercoagulability was hospitalised with left upper limb ischemia secondary to thromboembolism through a previously silent PFO. The treatment included urgent thrombo-embolectomy and post-operative anticoagulation. In contrast, the second patient, a 33-year-old men with motor deficits of the left limbs, appeared without an apparent cause. Imaging examinations confirmed ischemic stroke without the presence of common aetiology. The transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) revealed a PFO. The patient was sent to percutaneous closure with good evolution.
Risk Factors and Aetiological Agents of Urethritis in Men with Urethritis in Brașov County
Authors: Irimie Marius
Published: January 2021

"Introduction: Despite advances in the diagnosis and treatment of urethritis, they remain a global public health problem worldwide. Patients with urethritis have a higher risk sexual behavior than the general population.
Aim: The aim of the study was to evaluate the risk factors and the etiological pathogens of urethritis in men among Brașov county.
Patients and methods: A retrospective study was conducted in Medlife-PDR Clinic from Brașov, România, from Jan 2016 to Nov, 2020. 111 male patients aged from 17 to 78 years (mean age 34.5±10.26) presenting with dysuria, micturition discomfort and/or urethral discharge were included in the study.
Results: The highest incidence of urethritis was among men aged 21-40 years. The acquisition of urethral infection was related to their young age, low educational level, multiple sexual partners and lack of condom use, most having extramarital relations including commercial sex. N. gonorrhoeae was identified as a causative agent in 18 (16.22%) patients with urethritis, C. trachomatis in 39 (35.14%) patients, Mycoplasma spp. in 5 (4.5%) patients, Ureaplasma spp. in 30 (27.03%) patients, Trichomonas vaginalis in 6 (5.4%) patients. A concurrent infection with N. gonorrhoeae and C. trachomatis was identified in one patient (0.01%). In 12 patients (9.9%) other infectious agents were identified and in one case the aetiological agent could not be identified (0.01%).
Conclusion: By identifying risky sexual behaviors, clinicians may be able to provide educational counseling as well as assistance in the diagnosis and treatment of urethritis.
"
Non-Operative Management for Renal and Splenic Trauma – A Case Report
Authors: Lăculiceanu Alexandru Georgian , Mereț Denis Anamaria , Rotaru Ruxandra , Hogea Mircea Daniel , Scârneciu Ioan
Published: January 2021

Management of abdominal trauma has evolved over the past decades and most of trauma patients can be managed conservatively. This article demonstrates the effectiveness of non-operative management (NOM) in a patient with grade IV renal trauma and grade II splenic trauma that was treated in the urology department of Emergency Clinical County Hospital of Brasov after a car crash. Clinical examination showed bruises on the right shoulder and macroscopic haematuria that suggest renal trauma. The abdomen was spontaneously painles, no signs of acute abdomen but severe pain in the left lumbar area, with no additional relevant medical history. The CT scan revealed laceration of the valvular area of the left kidney, spleen contusion and retroperitoneal haematoma with contrast spreading in the iliopsoas muscle region, classifying renal trauma as stage IV and splenic trauma as stage II on American Association for the Surgery of Trauma injury scale. The trauma is classified as serious with an Injury Severity Score of 18, and Resciniti CT score of 2, therefore NOM is recommended. Despite high grade trauma, the patient was haemodynamically stable, with a heart rate of 90 bpm, blood pressure of 105/65 mmHg and haemoglobin of 10.4g/dl. Under constant observation and with the help of a multidisciplinary team, the therapeutic focus was directed on local protocol consisting of pharmacological treatment with fluid resuscitation, antibiotic therapy, analgesics, haemostatics, anticoagulant therapy and multiple blood transfusions consisting of fresh frozen plasma and packed red blood cells. Starting with day 6, the haemoglobin levels normalized, no further blood transfusion beeing necessary. The patient was discharged and didn’t developed complications in the following 6 months. The NOM in the case of grade IV renal trauma and a grade II splenic trauma  is effective, provided the patients are haemodynamically stable and constant reevaluations are performed.
PENGARUH PERLAKUAN PERENDAMAN TERHADAP KARAKTERISTIK TEPUNG TALAS BOGOR (Colocasia esculenta L. Schott) PADA KLON YANG BERBEDA
Authors: Ramdhiana Refitria Febrian , Jannah Asmanur , Wibaningwati Dyah Budibruri
Published: January 2021

Talas Bogor (Colocasia esculenta L. Schott) merupakan salah satu ikon Kota Bogor.  Hal yang kurang disukai dari talas bogor adalah adanya kristal kalsium oksalat yang menyebabkan rasa gatal pada kulit, mukosa mulut, dan kerongkongan. Salah satu cara untuk menghilangkan rasa gatal pada talas adalah dengan merendam talas selama satu malam di dalam air, namun, metode perendaman yang paling efektif dan pengaruhnya terhadap karakteristik tepung talas belum diketahui. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap faktorial (RAL-F) dengan dua faktor, yaitu faktor klon dan perendaman. Klon talas bogor yang digunakan klon B-1511 dan B-1023, dipanen pada umur 9 bulan, dikupas, dirajang dan diberi perlakuan perendaman. Perendaman yang dicobakan: kontrol atau tanpa perendaman (K), perendaman dalam air A), dan dalam 5% larutan garam G). Setelah direndam, ditiriskan dan dikeringkan dengan drying oven pada suhu 55o C. Chip yang sudah kering diolah menjadi tepung untuk kemudian dinilai karakteristiknya. Variabel yang diamati adalah rendemen, kadar air, densitas kamba, amilosa, amilopektin, kadar pati, dan kadar kalsium oksalat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat interaksi yang nyata antara klon dan perlakuan perendaman terhadap kadar amilosa, kadar amilopektin dan kadar pati. Perlakuan perendaman dalam larutan garam 5% selama 30 menit dapat menurunkan kadar kalsium oksalat pada tepung talas baik klon B-1511 maupun B-1023.  Rata-rata rendemen tepung pada klon B-1511 26,53% sedangkan untuk klon B-1023 26,40%.
The Terminal Aphonia of Alexander The Great, a Silent Herald of an Ordinary Death
Authors: Damiani Ernesto , Elice Martina , Peca Conti Rita
Published: January 2021

Even though the absence of the body prevents sure conclusions, the death of Alexander the Great remains a hot topic of retrospective diagnosis. Due to the serious mishandling of ancient sources, the scientific literature had Alexander dying of every possible natural cause. In previous works, the hypothesis that typhoid fever killed Alexander was proposed, based on the presence of the remittent fever typical of this disease in the narrations of Plutarch and Arrian. Here we provide additional evidence for the presence of stupor, the second distinctive symptom of typhoid fever. In fact, based on the authority of Caelius Aurelianus and Galen, we demonstrate that the word ἄφωνος, used to describe the last moments of Alexander, is a technical word of the lexicon of the pathology of Hippocrates. Used by him, the word defines a group of diseases sharing a serious depression of consciousness and motility. The association of stupor with the remittent fever strengthens the typhoid fever hypothesis.
“Health For All”. The Medical System in Wallachia Under Protomedicus Nicolae Gussi 1848-1859
Authors: Trausan-Matu Lidia
Published: January 2021

The main objective of this study is to provide an overview of the evolution of the medical system in Wallachia between 1840 and 1860 and the very important role of physician Nicolae Gussi (1802-1869), protomedicus of Wallachia between 1840 and 1859, to transform medicine into a modern public service, accessible to the entire population. Particularly, we will refer to the medical reform project of 1853, which Gussi implemented during the time he headed the medical-sanitary administration. We will insist on the details of the project because it was designed to create a network of county hospitals that would improve the health of the population and, in the medium and long term, would reduce mortality and increase life expectancy. Another dimension of the study aims at the tenure of physicians in county hospitals and describes the medical services they provided to patients, particularly from the poor population.
Giovanni i Abdon Pamich – povijest kao sudbina ili “ispražnjeno mjesto” u riječkoj medicinskoj historiografiji
Authors: Lazzarich Marinko
Published: January 2021

Riječka medicinska povjesnica bogata je riznica događaja, znamenitih ličnosti i vrijednih inovacija u području zdravstva. Geopolitički položaj grada granice s višekulturnim stanovništvom uvelike su determinirali povijesni razvoj Rijeke, obilježen snažnim sukobima interesa i brojnim identitetskim previranjima. Veliki egzodus domicilnoga stanovništva talijanske nacionalnosti nakon Drugoga svjetskog rata bitno je promijenio socijalnu sliku grada. Među brojnim esulima našli su se Giovanni (1932.) i Abdon Pamich (1933.), braća čiji život podsjeća na sudbinu mnogih raseljenih Riječana koji su po završetku rata bili primorani na život u egzilu. Napustivši rodni grad u formativnim godinama svoga djetinjstva, u Italiji su ostvarili uspješnu karijeru u području medicine i zdravstva. Stariji brat Giovanni postao je uspješan kirurg, a mlađi Abdon psiholog. Osim što je bio šef opće kirurgije u bolnicama Monfalconea i Gorizije, Giovanni Pamich predavao je na Sveučilištu u Trstu. Abdon Pamich je u području sportske psihologije surađivao s ponajboljim talijanskim tenisačicama, a bio je i psiholog rukometne reprezentacije Italije. Obojica su se bavila atletikom. Abdon Pamich je osvojio srebrnu medalju u brzom hodanju na europskom prvenstvu u Švedskoj 1958. i zlatnu medalju na Olimpijskim igrama u Tokiju 1964. Osim postignuća dvojice braće na polju medicine, u ovom se radu problematizira i pozicija emigranta, koja dolazi do izražaja u knjizi Abdon Pamich, memorie di un marciatore (Pordenone, 2016.) Roberta Covaza, uzbudljivoj biografiji riječkoga esula. Istražuje se koncept tematizacije ograničenja razlike i iskustva migracije stanovnika Rijeke suočenih s egzistencijalnim pitanjem.
Utjecaj Bečke oftalmološke škole na početke suvremene oftalmologije u Hrvatskoj
Authors: Ivanišević Milan
Published: January 2021

The founder of the Vienna School of Ophthalmology was Prof. Dr. Georg Joseph Beer, who founded the First University Eye Clinic in the Vienna General Hospital in 1812. Prof. Ferdinand von Arlt led it for 27 years from 1856 to 1883. As the First Eye Clinic became too small, the Second University Eye Clinic was founded in 1883 at the same hospital in Vienna. Since 1885 it had been led for 30 years by Prof. Ernst Fuchs. Many well-known ophthalmologists were leading those Viennese eye clinics. However, Arlt and Fuchs were the main representatives ofthe Vienna School of Ophthalmology, which was always characterised by the high standards in the diagnosis and therapy of eye diseases. Many Croatian ophthalmologists were educated by them or their students, and later they established eye departments in the major cities in Croatia and transmitted acquired knowledge and experience. The first eye departments in Croatia were formed at the turn of the 19th and 20th century. The First University Eye Clinic in Croatia started to work in Zagreb in 1923. Our ophthalmologists transmitted the organisation of the clinics as they existed in Vienna, and that was the matrix form of all European clinics at that time. Therefore, the tradition of the Vienna School of Ophthalmology was passed on to the next generations. The paper also gives short biographies of Viennese and Croatian ophthalmologists and their mutual relations in education and work.
On the Origins of the Cartouche and Encircling Symbolism in Old Kingdom Pyramids
Authors: Lightbody David Ian
Published: January 2021

On the Origins of the Cartouche and Encircling Symbolism in Old Kingdom Pyramids is a treatise on the subject of encircling symbolism in pharaonic monumental tomb architecture. The study focuses on the Early Dynastic Period and the Old Kingdom of ancient Egypt; from the first dynasty through the sixth. During that time, encircling symbolism was developed most significantly and became most influential. The cartouche also became the principal symbol of the pharaoh for the first time. This work demonstrates how the development of the cartouche was closely related to the monumental encircling symbolism incorporated into the architectural designs of the Old Kingdom pyramids. By employing a new architectural style, the pyramid, and a new iconographic symbol, the cartouche, the pharaoh sought to elevate his status above that of the members of his powerful court. These iconic new emblems emphasized and protected the pharaoh in life, and were retained in the afterlife. By studying the available evidence, the new and meaningful link between the two artistic media; iconographic and architectural, is catalogued, understood, and traced out through time.
COMPARING THE EFFECT OF LASER BLEACHING WITH HOME BLEACHING ON PAAN STAINED TEETH USING DIGITAL SPECTROPHOTOMETER
Authors: S Kusum Valli , Naik Priyadarshini L
Published: January 2021

Introduction: The demand for tooth whitening has increased dramatically with the resulting development of new tooth whitening products and procedures. As it is a common scenario that the dentists come across paan stained teeth very regularly in dental practice, the need for this study is to compare if laser bleaching or three day home bleaching is effective for paan stained and give better treatment options for patients.

Aim: To compare the effect of laser bleaching on paan stained tooth with home bleaching tooth using digital spectrophotometer

Methodology:  20 extracted teeth were preserved in a solution of normal saline with 1% thymol crystals. The teeth were immersed in staining solution containing paan extracts for a period of two week. The specimens were evaluated for pre shades using VitaEasyShade. The stained specimens for paan respectively were divided randomly into 2 groups one for laser bleaching and other for home bleaching. POLA OFFICE + was applied on tooth and activated using the diode laser as per the manufacturer’s instructions for group 1. The bleaching was carried out with Philips Zoom Nitewhite for group 2. The second colour measurement of the specimens was made using VitaEasyShade.

Conclusion: The results showed that laser bleaching was effective when compared to three day home bleach in paan stained teeth using digital spectrophotometer.
PERINATAL OUTCOME IN BABIES IN RELATION TO SEVERITY OF MATERNAL HYPERTENSION
Authors: George Jewel Maria , Antony Thomas
Published: January 2021

Background and objectives: Hypertensive disorder of pregnancy is a major cause of   maternal and neonatal mortality and morbidity worldwide. This study prospectively examined the immediate neonatal outcome of women with hypertensive disorder of pregnancy .Objectives were to study the effects of maternal hypertension on   APGAR score at birth and the need for neonatal resuscitation  as well as  to study neonatal morbidity profile and mortality pattern.

Methods: Observational study was conducted on 125 babies born to mothers with hypertension in the neonatal intensive care unit of jubilee mission medical college. To study the effects of maternal hypertension and perinatal outcome, frequency and percentages were applied. Following parameters like prematurity, IUGR, low birth weight, hypoglycemia, hypocalcemia, hyperbilirubinemia will be studied .Chi square test will be applied for categorical variables and independent two sample t test will be applied for numerical variables.

Results: Study population had male predominance.60% underwent LSCS.SGA babies maximum with eclampsia(45.5%),IUGR babies maximum with pre-eclampsia(9.4%).Prematurity seen in all babies born to eclamptic and 40.6% born to pre-eclamptic mothers(p-0.001).1 and 5minute APGAR were<7 in 15.9%,15.6%,18.2% and 12.2%,9.4%,9.1% of babies born to mothers with PIH, pre-eclampsia and eclampsia respectively. Other variables not statistically significant. Death was maximum in babies born to pre-eclamptic mothers (9.4 %).

Conclusions: Maternal hypertension was associated with higher risk of adverse perinatal outcomes; necessitating need to strengthen prevention, early diagnosis and management of pregnancy-induced hypertension.

Keywords: APGAR; prematurity; low birth weight; hypoglycemia; hyperbilirubinemia; hypocalcemia; respiratory distress
EFFECTS OF COVID-19 INFECTION DURING PREGNANCY AND NEONATAL PROGNOSIS. WHAT IS THE EVIDENCE?
Authors: Arshad Shahida , Raza Saud , Javed Izzah
Published: January 2021

Background: Regarding the potential risk of Covid- 19 among pregnant ladies and frequent fetal transmission is the main aim of this study.

Material and Method: To answer the health-related field questions, systematic literature review papers are published, that during pregnancy and neonatal transmission what are the effects of covid- 19. Pregnant women with counts 755 and neonates having counts 598 are observed. Having C- section women are almost above half of the total, for SARS 398 (82%) infants are tested and infants that results positive are 9 (2%). Vertical transmission has no evidence because of the care provided during and after pregnancy, there is a shortage of biological testing, and knowledge gaps are more.

Conclusion: the clinical conditions of pregnant women infected with SARS- CoV-2 cannot be ruled out, whether the occurrence of respiratory disease, cardiac rhythm disturbances, acid-base imbalances, the infection is associated with comorbidities or not. So before and after the delivery of the baby, testing should be recommended.
FIBROUS ANKYLOSIS OF TEMPOROMANDIBULAR JOINT: PRESENTING WITH SUDDEN ONSET COMPLETE INABILITY TO OPEN MOUTH.
Authors: Namdev Rupesh Kumar
Published: January 2021

The temporomandibular joint makes it possible to open and close your mouth, as involving chewing, swallowing, speaking, and yawning activity.  Ankylosis of the Temporomandibular joint which includes partial or complete fusion of the joint with resulting restricted opening of mouth, restricted mandibular movements (hypomobility) with deviation to the affected side on opening of the mouth.  The pathology is multifactorial and restoration of function usually involves surgical intervention and dependence on the exact pathology situated at the root of pons.  It is essential to evaluate the underlying pathology, its degree for proper planning of surgery and follow-up.  3-D CT scan of facial bones provide a reliable and consistent diagnosis and evaluation for temporomandibular joint ankylosis. 

Keywords: TMJ, ankylosis, 3-D CT scan, facial asymmetry.
Comparative analysis of the efficiency of application of different methods of tillage in the system of resource-saving agriculture technologies
Authors: Chernogaev Vitaly G. , Svirina Vera A.
Published: January 2021

Relevance. The article presents a comparative analysis of methods of basic tillage-classical dump plowing and technologies of minimal and no-till tillage. Question about the benefits of minimum and zero tillage on intensive up to the present time remains controversial. However, minimum and zero tillage systems are becoming increasingly common in the world as a response to increasing degradation and reduced soil productivity.

Methods. Various publications on this topic were analyzed. Various studies show mixed results.

Results. The analysis shows the following advantages of minimum and zero processing: costeffectiveness; prevention of soil erosion; maintaining fertility in the upper soil layer; preservation of soil moisture and vertical soil structure. The use of resource-saving technologies can not only preserve soil fertility and reduce the economic costs of its cultivation, but also prevent the degradation of farmland caused by erosion processes. Resource-saving technologies mean not only the abandonment of annual moldboard plowing, but also leaving crop residues on the field, the use of integrated weed control measures, the use of scientifically based crop rotations. Failure to meet these conditions will negate the effectiveness of minimum tillage. Minimum processing continuity is of particular importance. Any soil cultivation in the transitional phase means a return to the initial phase, and this should not be allowed. To ensure high productivity of resource-saving technologies, it is necessary to apply a well-grounded crop rotation system. An important factor in the use of resource-saving technologies in agriculture is economic efficiency. As experience shows, at the same yield level (20 cwt / ha), profitability with resource-saving technologies reaches 93.7%, while with a usual one — 55.4%. A comparative analysis of the methods of basic tillage shows that the advantages of minimal and no tillage are possible only in the presence of a high culture of agriculture. These advantages are as follows: cost-effectiveness; prevention of soil erosion; maintaining fertility in the upper soil layer; preservation of soil moisture and vertical soil structure.
Innovations and scientific and technological progress in the agroindustrial complex and agriculture
Authors: Pekurovsky Dmitry A.
Published: January 2021

The article is devoted to modern innovation activity in the agro-industrial complex. The author considers the main types of innovations (scientific and technical, organizational and managerial) and prospects for innovative development during the pandemic. The author comes to the conclusion about the heterogeneous innovation activity in agriculture, as well as the great importance of organizing cooperative associations on an innovative basis.
Comparative characteristics of the growth and development of meategg and egg-meat chickens
Authors: Makarova Aleksandra V. , Vakhrameev Anatoly B. , Meftah Inessa A.
Published: January 2021

Relevance. Recently, the number of many breeds and lines of chickens has significantly decreased, while others are under threat of extinction. Reducing the genetic resources of chicken’s worldwide limits the possibilities of future breeding programs. The study of the genetic diversity of the species allows you to more accurately manage the productive and potential of chicken breeds, the possibilities of its use for obtaining Biosafety and full-fledged food. Adding exterior estimation data to the bird breeding value forecast increases its accuracy and is relevant.

Methods. The study was conducted on chickens of two experimental populations «Experimental CS» meat-egg of productivity and «Experimental LZS» egg-meat productivity from the Genetic collection of rare and endangered chicken breeds Russian Research Institute of Farm Animal Genetics and Breeding — Branch of the L.K. Ernst Federal Science Center for Animal Husbandry.

Results. The highest absolute increase in live weight of chickens is observed in the period of 4-8 weeks, and the relative increase at the age of 4 weeks, regardless of the type of productivity of chickens. The results of cultivation largely depend on the intensity of growth of the bird in the early period, up to four weeks of age. The superiority of the meat-egg population in comparison with the egg-meat population was revealed in terms of breast circumference (5.0–7.7%).
Improving the sperm of interspecific hybrids of the genus Ovis using biotechnological approaches
Authors: Iolchiev Baylar S. , Volkova Ludmila A. , Volkova Natalia A.
Published: January 2021

Relevance and methods. The efficiency of obtaining and reproduction of hybrid animals is closely related to their reproductive performance during interspecific hybridization. Hybrid males often have low fertility. In this regard, it is necessary to carry out the procedure for the preparation of semen for further use. The aim of the research was to study the effectiveness of using the flotation method (swim-up) to improve the quality of the sperm from hybrid males. The object of the study was the sperm from hybrids of argali with Romanov breed ewes (1/8 argali x 7/8 Romanov breed, n = 15).

Results. A comparative analysis of the qualitative and quantitative indicators of freshly obtained, frozen-thawed and processed by the swim-up method was carried out. The sperm freeze-thaw cycle was accompanied by an increase in the sperm DNA fragmentation index and an increase in the proportion of immotile spermatozoa by 10% and 37%, respectively, compared with freshly obtained semen. The number of sperm with abnormal morphology doubled. Using the procedure «swim-up» possible to increase the content of the progressive motile sperm by 2.1 times compared with that established for the frozen-thawed sperm (p ≤ 0,01). The obtained results indicated the effectiveness of using the “swim-up” procedure to improve the quality of the semen from interspecific hybrid males.