bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Covid-19 The Earliest for Digital Learning in Mathematics: an Overview from Technology Literacy
Authors: Ratnaningsih N , Ni’mah K , Hidayat E
Published: March 2021

The Covid-19 Pandemic has caused the learning system in Indonesia to change from conventional learning to digital learning. Various efforts have been made by policy makers and educators. Some of the efforts that have been made include the provision of Free Internet Quota from the Government to educators and students; as well as providing virtual conference facilities used in learning. The purpose of this study was to describe the technological literacy of students during Covid-19 period. The type of research used is qualitative research with a narrative approach. The data collection technique used a questionnaire. The target of this study were students junior high school and senior high school in the East Priangan region Indonesia who were asked to fill out a questionnaire about technological literacy in online learning as a result of this Covid-19. The data on technological literacy capabilities contains four indicators according to the Ministry of Education and Culture’s Guidelines for “School Literacy movement”, namely indicators of content, process, context, and ethics. The four indicators contain 19 questions. The results show that students need to improve their technological literacy skills by adopting technology in line with global trends and realities that arise in learning in schools.
Antioxidant Activity Test of Chayote (Sechium edule (Jacq.) Swartz) Ethanol Extract using DPPH Method
Authors: Daulay A S , Ridwanto  , Syahputra R A , Nafitri A
Published: March 2021

The chayote (Sechium edule (Jacq.) Swartz) is thought to have excellent antioxidant activity. Fresh chayote has been used empirically by the public as an antihypertensive and to reduce cholesterol levels. This is because chayote contains several vitamins including vitamin A, B, C, and several secondary metabolites. The antioxidant activity found in chayote can prevent the oxidation of a molecule thus stopping the free radical chain reaction and maintaining the working system in the body. This study aims to determine what secondary metabolites are contained in the ethanol extract of chayote and to determine their antioxidant activity. The chayote used is young and old. The research stages were extraction by maceration method, phytochemical screening, determination of functional groups using the FT-IR method, and testing for antioxidant activity using the DPPH method (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl). The results of the phytochemical screening of the chayote’s ethanol extract contained chemical compounds of the alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, tannins, and glycosides. The FT-IR results of the chayote extract showed the presence of functional groups O-H, C-H, C-N, C = C, C≡C, and C-O. The results of the examination of antioxidant activity using the DPPH method for the ethanol extract of young and old chayote fruit obtained IC50 values of 1281.1 and 847.5 µg/ml.
Comparison of Cm ACS-7 Gene Expression in Melon (Cucumis melo L.) Flowers
Authors: Daryono B S , Prasetya E
Published: March 2021

Melon (Cucumis melo L.) is a member of the Cucurbitaceae family spread throughout the world. Melons have very varied sexual types, which can be important information in genetic analysis and breeding. Sex type jumps from genetic factors, environmental factors, and environmental conditions. The aim of this study was the expression of CmACS-7 gene expression in melon flowers in various sexual types. This study used melons with andromonoecious sexual types (Melodi Gama 1 and Melodi Gama 3 cultivars) and monoecious (PI 371795 and Bartek). This study uses quantitative PCR analysis using real-time PCR with relative quantitative methods. RNA was isolated and then synthesized into cDNA, then amplified using specific primers. The number of cDNA specific genes was analyzed using Real-time PCR to calculate the level of gene expression. The results showed that the CmACS-7 gene was expressed more in female and hermaphrodite flowers than in male flowers. In male flowers with andromonoecious sexual type, the CmACS-7 gene is expressed more than in male flowers with monoecious sexual type. This research is expected to be important information in breeding melon plants.
Analysis of Pakcoy Mustard (Brassica rapa ) Growth using Hydroponic System with AB Mix Nutrition
Authors: Hermanto B , Habibie Dian , Lubis A F , Syahputra R A
Published: March 2021

This study aimed to determine the growth of leaves and roots in the pakcoymustard (Brassica rapa) using hydroponic system with the AB Mix nutrition fertilizer. The data analysis used was to measure the number of leaves (Jd), leaf width (Ld), leaf length (Pd), number of roots (Ba), root length (Pa), and plant weight (Bt). Plant tools and media used were pipes, net pots, panel cloth, rockwool, TDS/EC, and water. The results of the analysis showed that the treatment of AB Mix nutrition gave a significant effect on the meter observing the number of leaves, leaf width, leaf length, number of roots, and root length. At the age of one week the number of leaves consists of three, leaf width: 0.5 cm, leaf length: 1.5 cm, there are 3 roots with the root length: 1 cm. At the age of two weeks, the number of leaves consists of 6, wide: 2 cm, long: 5 cm, there are 5 roots with the long: 3.5 cm. At the age of three weeks the number of leaves consists of 9 leaves, wide: 4 cm, long: 8 cm, there are 9 roots with the long root: 7.5 cm. At the age of four weeks the number of leaves consists of 11 leaves, leaf width: 8 cm, leaf length: 12 cm, there are 13 roots with the root length is 12 cm and a weight plant is 100 gram/plants to use AB Mix nutrients. It is showed that the growth and development of mustard pakcoy ( Brassica rapa ) hydroponic system with AB Mix nutrition has a significant effect on the growth of leaf number (Jd), leaf width (Ld), leaf length (Pd), number of roots (Ba), root length (Pa) and plant weight (Bt).
Reactive Power Optimization of Distribution Network with Distributed Generators by Improved Evolutionary Programming Algorithm
Authors: Hao W B , Yan Q Y
Published: March 2021

In the distribution network containing distributed generators (DG), both DG and capacitors can be adjusted for reactive power, and there is a strong complementarity between the two. If the reactive power compensation ability of each grid-connected DG can be fully utilized, it will effectively reduce the voltage fluctuation and the number of equipment actions, which will help to improve the operation level of the distribution network. In this paper reactive power optimization of distribution networks containing distributed power sources has studies. An improved evolutionary programming (EP) method is proposed to solve the optimization goal, using a variable step-size evolution method and optimization strategy with small population and high convergence accuracy. The algorithm improves the random dynamic step method. In different stages of optimization, different step sizes are used to improve the optimization effect. At the same time, considering that some wind farms are equipped with AVC and some wind farms are equipped with capacitor banks, the evolutionary operator is improved. The operator evolves directly on the integer, so it is easier to find the global optimal solution. This paper has used IEEE33 bus system to verification. Results show that the DG can reduce active power loss in distribution network and ameliorate the voltage level. Meanwhile, the improved evolutionary programming method has good optimization effect, fast convergence speed and high search efficiency.
Telemetry data integrity monitoring system
Authors: Berkholts V V , Vulfin A M , Frid A I
Published: March 2021

The article presents a way to improve the system for monitoring the integrity of telemetric information received from a mobile object. The method is based on comparing telemetry information received from a mobile object and information generated by a model. The comparison is carried out on the basis of proximity metrics of technological time series using deep learning neural networks
Problems with the use of forensic techniques in the judicial investigation of the authenticity of an electronic digital signature.
Authors: Gordienko V V , Kryzhevich L S , Glagolev R V
Published: March 2021

This article aims to study the tactical foundations of conducting a forensic study of the authenticity of an electronic digital signature and documents that raise doubts about their reliability. The methodological foundations of identification, classification and search studies of “electronic traces” and signatures of the transformation made on the basis of algorithms with imitation and use of the latest methods are given. To identify “electronic traces” the functions of using hardware and technical means for counterfeiting an electronic signature are specified and methods of establishing to determine the kind and type of a particular device on which the documented information was manipulated. There are considered sets of features that allow identifying parts and details of documents subjected to an unsanctioned modification, as well as a specific list of correctly formulated questions, which should be put to the expert in the decision on the appointment of an examination to determine signs of forgery.
Evaluation of graphic data corruptions impact on artificial intelligence applications
Authors: Molokovich O , Morozov A , Yusupova N , Janschek K
Published: March 2021

The article is devoted to the problem of the reliability of applications based on artificial intelligence. The authors made an attempt to evaluate the impact of the graphic data distortion at the input of a convolutional neural network on the result of image classification. The experiment is based on the fault injection method. A series of independent tests were carried out for such distortions as Gaussian noise, salt and pepper, speckle and Poisson noise, as well as median blur, motion blur, scene brightness changing, rotation, rain, and snow. The results showed that Gaussian noise was the least critical distortion; environmental conditions (rain, snow, brightness) and image rotation up to 20 degrees are less critical than focus losing and motion blur, while the most critical distortion is speckle noise. It was verified that preprocessing the input data of the neural network improves the accuracy of image recognition.
Software-hardware complex for modeling secure IIoT distributed ledger
Authors: Makhmutov A R , Trishin S V , Mironov K V , Vulfin A M
Published: March 2021

This paper describes the modeling of the industrial Internet-of-Things network for further exploration of its security properties. The goal is to increase the security of process control systems for industrial facilities based on the development of conceptual foundations, methodology, mathematical models, methods and software tools for comprehensive analysis and cyber security risk management of process control systems for industrial facilities using cognitive modeling technology and data mining. One specific task is modeling DLT implementation for industrial network. Common structure of the proposed modeling network is described. Example of smart contracts for the distributed ledger are presented. Performance of lightweight implementations for ciphers and hash functions are given.
Possible variant of the confidential data leak detection model
Authors: Chernousov I S , Borshevnikov A E , Zakharchenko D V , Dobrzhinskii Y V
Published: March 2021

The paper discusses a model for warning about leaks of electronic documents, describes a possible structure of a system for monitoring document leaks. Within the framework of the paper, the model is verified by evidence and formal methods.
A method for detecting false positives in procedure of malware analysis
Authors: Starodubov M I , Borshevnikov A E , Bystrevskii S A
Published: March 2021

The paper discusses the possibility of determining false positive by the clustering method. A model of malicious software based on the “behavioral” attribute of malicious objects is described in the paper. Described is a method for studying a sample of malicious objects using a clustering algorithm based on spatial density for applications with noises - DBScan.
Designing a biometric access control concept
Authors: Troshkov A A , Bogdanova S V , Ermakova A N , Rachkov V E
Published: March 2021

The current legislative and regulatory database of biometric characteristics for the security of information technologies is not informative and has an imperfect system. The main disadvantages include: the lack of system and methodology for building biometric identification/authentication for managing access to protected information resources; insufficient knowledge of all possible biometric characteristics of a person; an imperfect model of the biometric system; a static approach to assessing access control. Therefore, there is a need to develop a biometric identification/authentication system to restrict access to information resources in various areas. Accordingly, we propose to systematize the biometric system for protecting and managing access to information.
Analysis Of Methods And Systems For Detecting And Countering Uavs
Authors: Basan Elena , Pshikhopov Vyacheslav , Lapina Maria , Mecella Massimo
Published: March 2021

This article discusses methods for detecting UAVs in the radio frequency range. The analysis of the existing UAV detection systems is carried out. An overview of ways to counter UAVs is presented, in particular, by carrying out attacks on navigation and communication systems. A prototype of the UAV detection system, which is based on the UAV, is presented. The UAV detection function has been implemented based on the analysis of the radio frequency spectrum.
Hardware, Biometric and Passwordless Authentication: Vulnerability and Cybercrime Issues
Authors: Chebotareva Anna A. , Chebotarev Vladimir E.
Published: March 2021

The problem of identification and authentication is relevant. In conditions of crisis manifestations, including in connection with the pandemic, the number of fraudulent actions on the network is increasing, aimed at taking over information -personal data, bank card data, other important information. This raises the question of identification and authentication. At present, in Russia and in the world, some approaches to methods, protocols, and standards of authentication have been developed. Hardware, biometric and passwordless authentication are some of the most promising areas. However, no holistic approaches have been developed to the essence and main directions of development of authentication aimed at reducing vulnerability, which does not contribute to overall security on the Internet. In general, this issue assumes an interdisciplinary approach that takes into account both technical, social, political, economic factors, and, of course, an effective legal mechanism. In search of a solution to the problem, approaches to hardware, biometric and passwordless authentication in Russia and abroad are being investigated.
Using of live response technologies during the blocking of the attacks and investigation of incidents in real time
Authors: Petrenko V I , Ogur M G , Zubkov M V , Solgalova O E
Published: March 2021

Acquisition of a clear idea of the events and artifacts occurring eventually is a difficult task which needs to be solved in digital criminalistics. Recovery of chronology of events and artifacts, allows experts to understand chronology of digital crimes and to interpret a conclusion in the form of digital proofs with use of live-response technologies.
Task decomposition and distribution method for heterogeneous multi-robotic systems
Authors: Petrenko V I , Tebueva F B , Antonov V O , Svistunov N Y
Published: March 2021

This article presents a method for decomposition and distribution of tasks in a multi-robotic system (MRS). The proposed implementation of the method of elementary operations distribution is based on maximizing the expected efficiency of each agent and collective decision making (CDM). To compare the effectiveness of various methods, computational experiments were carried out. According to the results, the implementation of the CDM mechanisms allows reducing the time for performing a global task by MRS agents by more than 10%. For the initial conditions described in the work, the use of the proposed method for maximizing the individual efficiency of an agent in combination with the CDM algorithm allows reducing the average execution time of a global operation by 21% in comparison with the method of minimizing the individual execution time without CDM.
A method for circumventing the biometric identification system based on facial recognition
Authors: Antonov V O , Svistunov N Y , Garanzha A V , Bychihin I P
Published: March 2021

The article deals with the task of identifying wanted people using two-dimensional face recognition. A potential method for circumventing the recognition system is described. “Potential” in this case means the absence of precedents for the use of the described method in governmental systems. An illustration of the algorithm for implementing a potential method for disrupting the functioning of the reference samples database of the facial recognition system is given. The results of testing the effectiveness of the presented method on the Microsoft Azure platform are presented. The results of the analysis of the modified image for obvious signs of montage are presented. As a result, the conclusion is presented that it is impossible to implement effective and operational protection of the reference samples database from the presented potential method of circumventing the facial recognition system.
The dependence of the performance of imaging tasks on the forensic imager interface type
Authors: Tebueva F B , Ogur M G , Zubkov M V , Moisov M G
Published: March 2021

Forensic research in the investigation of information security incidents, the production of forensic examinations and many other areas of activity related to computer forensics require the maximum possible preservation of the integrity of the investigated data. To do this, write blockers are used - programs or devices that do not allow writing anything to the drive under investigation. The need to use such means comes both from the requirements of procedural legislation (for example, the Criminal Procedure Code of the Russian Federation), and from various recommendations of a methodological and other nature, as well as from standards (for example, STO BR IBBS-1.3-2016). Some aspects of the functioning of write blockers will be discussed in this article. And on the example of the criminalistic lock the question of influence of the used interface for data transmission in tasks of creation of images of data carriers will be considered.
Citizens Perception of Urban Architectural Space (on Example of Industrial City Ekaterinburg)
Authors: Shershneva E G
Published: March 2021

The article considers urban architecture as a space-time phenomenon that has an aesthetic and mental-cognitive impact on citizens. Author’s viewpoint is that a positive perception of architectural space improves a city social capital. Modern urban planners need to understand citizen’s satisfaction with the architectural image and elements of urban space. Analytical part of the article presents a survey of perception of architectural environment by residents of the largest Ural city Ekaterinburg. The study showed that citizens are not satisfied with appearance of their city. People would like to see more interesting architectural forms, innovative design of public spaces and a variety of colors. Respondents replied that for improving the comfort of urban space, the city authorities need to pay more attention to landscaping, greening, convenience of recreation and pedestrian areas. It is actualized, that the modern trend for industrial cities is the humanization of urban environment. In this context, the author suggests some recommendations for improving the attractiveness and convenience of industrial cities. In a strategic way, refinement the city’s image will increase the migration and tourism potential.
Modern High-Rise Residential Complexes: the Modernization of Slums in the Formation of the Silhouettes of Capital Cities (on the Example of Baghdad)
Authors: Jasim S L
Published: March 2021

Urbanization as a socio-economic process manifested in the concentration of the population in modern big cities-especially the capitals - contributes to the development of high-rise residential complexes construction, which formation of the silhouettes of cities. City residents put forward new architectural and functional requirements to urban infrastructure. This calls for the creation of new types and forms of residential buildings, the structure of the city and transport networks. In addition, the need to develop high-rise building construction is justified by the growing demand for residential, public and administrative buildings and the lack of free space and the modernization of slums. Slums are a reality that many developing countries have to face. Despite all the efforts made to contain its growth, slums areas are increasing and it seems that removing them and providing formal housing for all its residents or at least compensating them for their investments is impossible, the modernization remains the best possible options in dealing with these areas. The paper analyses the modernization of slums in the formation of the silhouettes of capital city (Baghdad), by building modern high-rise residential complexes.
Longevity of Concrete Maritime Structures in Harsh Service Environment
Authors: Malyuk V V
Published: March 2021

This paper is devoted to the problems of longevity of concrete maritime structures in climatic conditions of Russian Far Eastern seas. The subject actuality is stipulated with the plans of building of hydroengineering and transport structures in harsh climatic conditions under the program of modernization and expansion of the seaports capability in the Far East and development of the Northern Sea Route. It analyses the experience of hydroengineering structures building in conditions of Sakhalin Island seacoast during the period from 1920 to 2019 years. Character types of maritime hydroengineering structures by longevity considering service environment in corrosive mediums with the XF4 index are allotted and described. It mainly focuses to estimating of longevity by the results of predictive freezing-tests. Concrete’s qualitative reliabilities, deciding longevity of structures in hard service environment are analyzed. The data on actual frost-resistance of base (reference) composition concrete, which quality indexes have to ensure longevity at least 50 years in harsh climatic conditions, are cited. It is noted, that during the exploitation period increasing of qualitative indices of concrete is possible due to hardening and stabilization of concrete’s structure. It has been ascertained, that within the exploitation period concrete’s qualitative indices may increase due to its structure hardening and stabilization. It suggests the line of further investigations for methods preparation to predict structures service lifetime in hard service environment on the basis of the frost-resistance index of concrete and accumulation of experimental data on structures behavior in aggressive and harsh conditions.
Project Proposals for Models Scenarios of Life in Residential Buildings of the City
Authors: Mikhaylova T V , Drapalyuk D A , Solovyov S A
Published: March 2021

The article explores the issues of a large-scale residential development, its evolution and modern forms. In the result of the conducted research it was found out that every person daily follows definite scenarios depending on his needs and individual preferences. Every scenario implies certain preferences in the four spheres. Based on the different scenario combinations different spatial solutions can be applied, individual looks of every residential complex can be formed. Varying degree of functional diversity presupposes the application of different spatial parameters of site development. Based on the diversity of scenario models of everyday life we can distinguish options changing city-dwellers life and making it more comfortable.
Linking and Optimization of Construction Works
Authors: Kuzhin M , Postarnak E
Published: March 2021

Due to the complexity of the organization and management of construction of complexes of buildings and structures, it is necessary to come up with the simplest method for assessing the duration and volume of material and technical resources. This article developed a method for calculating the minimum duration in the Python 2.7 programming language. Standard methods of calculation use a priority coefficient, that is, the order of constructional production lines is built to minimize construction time for all the processes. The priority coefficient gives a duration close to the minimum, but does not reach it. Using the example of a small object with four constructional production lines and four processes, the difference between the previous method and the program is shown. The program was verified on a small dimension of a non-rhythmic in-line matrix with a heterogeneous rhythm. For a matrix with the number of rows more than 3, enumerating all sorts of variants is considered impractical. In the future, it is planned to use a matrix for one object to build a network model (graph) in which the basic input data will be described, objects and processes will be coordinated. This task significantly reduces the workload for calculating the duration, gives a reliable result for the preliminary calculation of the duration.
The Communicative Environment of a Large City as an Evolution of Its System of Open Urban Spaces
Authors: Yastrebova N A , Eterevskaya I N
Published: March 2021

The types of communication in a modern urban environment are considered, the specifics of the forms and methods of organizing urban communication spaces are analyzed, a typology of existing open and other public open spaces as an environmental resource for transforming the planning structure of a modern large city in the context of changing humanitarian components is provided, the development potential, the main directions, the design methods and current scenarios of the development of communicative spaces in the process of their adaptation to environmental communication elements of a large city are evaluated in the article. It is concluded that the methodology of the designing of communicative spaces is not strictly formalized, does not include strictly regulated stages of designing, and it is necessary to develop a flexible system of “informational” and “active” scenarios of the formation and development of urban communicative spaces in the conditions of a modern urban environment.
Key Factors of Unsustainable Development of the Urban Environment in Samara and Tolyatti (Russia)
Authors: Vavilova T Ya
Published: March 2021

Factors that prevent improving the quality of life in the two largest cities of Russia - Samara and Tolyatti, analyzed. From the perspective of sustainable development, the historical background of the problems that arose in the 21st century is considered. The compliance of the properties of the planning structure, development and environment of these cities with the most important criteria that used in some systems for indicating sustainable development revealed. The most important areas for improving the quality of the living environment that allow achieving economic well-being, improving the environmental situation and ensuring social stability have been identified. The following conclusions are made: comprehensive strategies for sustainable development, considering the position of Samara and Tolyatti in the national and regional settlement systems, should be developed; the tendency to strengthen economic and social ties between megacities, high scientific and industrial potential, the presence of natural environment distinctiveness, the urban planning and architectural features should be taken into account.
Concrete: Previous and Future Technologies
Authors: Gabitov A I , Muhamedzjanov R R , Salov A S , Rjazanova V A
Published: March 2021

The analysis for development of both theoretical and applied research summarizing all the previous experience for application of the concrete as a construction material through the ages is presented herein. Current construction practice with application of high-efficient concretes as well as some new widely applied efficient binding substances, modifiers for binding substances and fillers, active mineral additives and fillers, as well as new technological techniques and methods for making construction composites of hydration hardening are considered in details. Low power-consuming processes, making of mixed and specialty cements and nanomodified concretes are demonstrated to be the main trends in development of the researches almost around the world. Therewith, the concrete properties are likely to be predicted with durability and operational reliability thereof being increased, and the outlook for improving concrete quality and technological advances, application of various technological wastes in the concrete making, in particular, for the Republic of Bashkortostan as the developed petrochemical cluster, of wastes, end products and by-products of different petrochemical industries. Some engineering concepts with application of high strength concrete grades in the Republic of Bashkortostan are given. The research results are applied in engineering and construction of reinforced concrete tall buildings both in Ufa and in the Republic of Bashkortostan.
The Architecture of Banking Institutions in Changchun City (first third of the 20th century)
Authors: Tceluiko D S , Bazilevich M E
Published: March 2021

The article is devoted to banking institutions in Changchun City, China. The author considers the history of the first banks, their background and consequences. Three main group of banks are considered in the article: 1. State banks: Bank of the Three Eastern Provinces, Jilin Yongheng Official Bank, Bank of Communications; 2. Private banks: Gongcheng; 3. Foreign banks: Russo-Chinese Bank, Yokohama Bank, Bank of Korea and Changchun Industrial Bank. All these buildings have the most striking architecture among the other bank buildings, which were much more numerous. The first banks appeared in Changchun City towards the end of the Qing dynasty, they gave an opportunity to develop other industries and became a significant stage in the formation of the city, as well as in the history of architecture. As a result of the study, two main financial centers of the city, which were active in different periods, were identified.
Housing in a Smart City
Authors: Korniyenko S V , Astafurova T N , Kozlova O P
Published: March 2021

The main requirements for housing in a smart city are systematized. These requirements are the basis for building a system of notions necessary for the development of a “smart city” complete concept.
The Influence of the Negative Properties of Heaving Soil on the Stability of Frame-Rod Structural Systems
Authors: Dubrakova K O , Solodilova V A
Published: March 2021

This article discusses the influence of the negative properties of heaving soil on the stability of frame-rod structural systems during the operation of buildings and structures. It is known that the loads and influences arising during the operation of buildings and structures can lead to loss of stability of both an individual element and the entire structural system as a whole. It is extremely difficult to accident-free work operation of buildings and structures, the foundation layer of which are heaving soils. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a methodology for determining the critical stability parameters of frame-rod structural systems that takes into account the heaving properties of base soils. In the process of loss of stability, elements of frame-rod structural systems under the influence of force factors due to the influence of constrained conditions can experience both passive and active bifurcation. With the manifestation of the negative properties of heaving soils, vertical deformations of the base occur, which can lead to a change in the type of bifurcation of both an individual element and the entire structural system as a whole. Based on the assumption that the element will pass from passive bifurcation to active at the moment when the work performed by internal forces is compensated by the work of the heaving forces, an expression is obtained to determine the critical deformation of the base soil. A statically indefinable single-span frame is considered, the right strut of which is loaded with force P and the left one with force αP. Using the displacement method, the critical stability parameters of the specified rod system were determined before and after the manifestation of the negative properties of the base soil. Based on the numerical analysis, it was concluded that the right pillar of the frame loses stability actively, involving the left one in the general bifurcation. After manifestation of the negative properties of the base soil, the type of bifurcation of the frame elements changes, leading to significant changes in the stability parameters. In this case, the critical deformation of the heaving linearly increases with an increase in the geometric dimensions of the frame and decreases with an increase in the load application coefficient α at 0,6<α<0,8 and 1,0<α<1,1. In the range 0,8>α> 1,0, these parameters are directly proportional.
Alternative Scenarios for Sustainable Redevelopment of Soviet Industrial Brownfields in Russia
Authors: Vavilova T Ya
Published: March 2021

The role of redevelopment of former industrial territories considered in connection with the tasks of environmental and social improvement of Russian megacities. Theoretical bases and practice of industrial areas reorganization in the world and in Russia analyzed. Urban planning features and economic restrictions determine the different ordering of the former industrial territories and the degree of development their functional and spatial relationships. Therefore, there are various opportunities for their new diversified use. Examples based on regional and local characteristics shown. A systematize attempt to the main direction of the reorganization approaches was made. Three directions that correspond to the goals of sustainable development and improving the quality of life highlighted. They received the conventional names “oasis”, “service” and “buffer”. Their brief characteristics are given.
The Strength of the Reference Node of the Beams, Taking into Account the Temperature Effects
Authors: Kuznetsov V S , Shaposhnikova Yu A
Published: March 2021

The features of the resistance of the support nodes of flexible reinforced concrete crossbars are considered taking into account the temperature effects. As the main area of work, a theoretical study of the influence of temperature effects on the strength and configuration of embedded metal parts and welds of the support nodes of prefabricated crossbars of various types is presented, which is an expression of the result achieved. The documents of the regulatory framework governing the design and construction activities in the Russian Federation, the existing constructive solutions of the support nodes, as well as the works of domestic and foreign scientists corresponding to the studies in this area are used. Research methods are structural and analytical analysis. Regulatory and scientific-methodological materials were studied, which made it possible to establish the parameters and factors affecting the constructive solution of the support nodes of flexible concrete elements. On this basis, proposals for improving the calculation and design solutions of support nodes are substantiated. Proposals have been developed for the calculation and design of support nodes taking into account temperature effects. It was revealed that the influence of temperature deformations significantly affects the operation of the support unit. The boundary ranges of temperatures and element sizes are determined at which the consideration of temperature effects is necessary. The features of the stress-strain state of the support node are clarified. Design recommendations are provided that provide strength and durability of the structure.
Ecologically Dependent Architectural Space as One of the Main Objects of Study in Higher Architectural School
Authors: Kazantsev P
Published: March 2021

The restoration of the source ecosystems lost during the urban development of the territory is due to the formation of spatial cells that are friendly to the elements of an ecosystem. Thus, education and research in sustainable architecture has to be focused on studying the principles and ways of forming an “ecologically dependent architectural space”, starting with obvious dependencies. Five levels of such a program can be as follows: 1. Principles and methods of forming a climate-oriented architectural space (entry level); 2. Architecture and renewable energy engineering systems interconnection; 3. Green systems in architecture, including city farms and algaetecture; 4. Transformable architectural forms and adaptive landscape design to the dynamics of weather and climatic conditions; 5. The specifics of architecture and urban design integrating natural ecosystems (graduate level). Graduation level main attention is focused on the study of water sensitive urban design and related concepts, as well as the concepts of renovation of the littoral marine zone. One of the obvious outcomes of experience is the need for a specialized educational program “sustainable architecture and design” in a higher architectural school.
Conceptual Modeling of Construction Industry Enterprises Management Under Conditions of Economic Instability
Authors: Acri E P , Vorontsova N V , Suslova N V
Published: March 2021

The present article addresses the problems of effective management of building contractors under conditions of economic instability. The issue of sustainable development of enterprises is of particular relevance in the aftermath of the global financial and economic crisis, that has hit the world economy and has led to a significant deterioration of the key indicators o global economy, to declining trust in markets sustainable, in solvency of enterprises or even in suitability of economic systems around the world. One of the main reasons for this situation was the inefficient activities of the large enterprises, which assumed excessive risks in core activities, and after that they have hidden their failed results. The transition of the Russian Federation to a market economy has demanded from domestic economic science to review basic provisions of the concept of construction industry enterprises management. This is due to the fact that the unpredictability of rapid changes in the economic environment appeared and is growing at both micro and macro-level of fast-growing market. This resulted in an objective need to develop appropriate management methods for construction companies in conditions of instability and uncertainty engendered by the unpredictable changes of modern market. Complexity and uncertainty of the given problem have led to multifaceted research associated with development of management methods for the complex for socio-economic facilities in conditions of uncertainty of global economics.
Calculation of Single-Row Foundations for Loads Acting in a Plane Perpendicular to the Row Plane
Authors: Kalachuk T G , Shirina N V , Chernysh A S
Published: March 2021

Basements and foundations are designed following the current regulatory documents. In the case of a faulty design, even a flawlessly executed structure will no longer meet the operational requirements. Global construction experience shows that most of the accidents in constructed structures are caused by errors made during the construction of foundations. This paper describes the methodology for calculating single-row foundations for loads acting in a plane perpendicular to the row plane. In each specific case, a large number of alternative decisions can be made by the designer. The calculation of foundations using this technique will ensure the reliability and quality of the design and construction of buildings and structures.
Formation of a Safe Environment in the Design of Adjacent Territories of an Apartment Buildings
Authors: Filonenko E I , Schekaleva M A
Published: March 2021

This article discusses the role of the theme “design of living space” in the structure of the course and diploma design of students in the direction of the preparation of the “design environment”. The practice-integrated process of organizing theoretical and practical training at the Vladivostok State University of Economics and Service is focused on real objects, among which one of the most important places is occupied by the organization of living space. As part of this topic, the use of the attic of a high-rise residential building for arranging the attic floor of apartments in order to increase living space for individual families, as well as their functional zoning, which implies the possibility of a full-fledged, comfortable, ergonomic human existence of modern Russian society, is considered.

On the example of the final qualifying work, the authors of the article consider the most important aspects in the design of the attic space of a residential building of an average number of floors.
Specifics of Daylight in Atrium Spaces of Architectural Objects
Authors: Medvedeva N , Kolesnikov S
Published: March 2021

The research objective is identifying the specifics of daylight in atrium spaces to create a comfortable architectural environment.

The paper authors have set the tasks to study current regulatory standards for daylight in the atrium building rooms, consider modern scientific developments of side, top, and combined daylighting of premises, and systematize the components to be considered in the architectural design of daylighting in atrium spaces.

The paper analyzes scientific literature sources and international standards on daylight in atrium spaces. The authors justify the impact of physical factors of the atrium space daylight on emotional and psychological perception and space-planning design of architectural objects.

Comparable results have been obtained based on both the analysis of scientific literature sources and international standards and the international experience in the design of atrium buildings. The international experience of designing daylight in atrium spaces characterized by a moderate climate and insolation conditions similar to Russian ones has been analyzed. The development of new social, spatial, and functional relations under the high urbanization conditions creates the need for the emotional and physical comfort of the living space. The relevance of the study material is justified by enhancing the comfort of the designed or reconstructed buildings.
Research on the Hydraulic Conductivity Properties of the Soil Subgrade of the Central Yakutia
Authors: Kamenchukov A V , Nikolaeva G O
Published: March 2021

This work presents the results of research on the effects of compaction, moisture content and temperature on the coefficient of hydraulic conductivity of frozen and not frozen soils. Moisture permeability - the property of non-saturated soil to pass through its pores a non-continuous stream of water under the influence of moisture gradients, which provide gradients of absorption force. These forces arise due to the interaction of water with the surface of mineral particles and air. This is more a diffusion process than a filtration process. Clay soils of the earth bed within the depth of the seasonal thawing layer were selected for conducting studies of moisture-conducting properties of soils. Three series of tests were conducted. During all three series of tests graphs of dependence of coefficient of moisture conductivity (KW) are constructed and corresponding conclusions are drawn. When establishing experimental regularities, statistical data of experiments performed with 5-fold repetition were analyzed. Conclusions are reached concerning the migration of moisture in frozen and not frozen soils.
Monitoring of a Seismic Isolation Object on Fluoroplastic Gaskets
Authors: Lapin V A , Yerzhanov S E
Published: March 2021

A special testing ground is used to study the seismic insulating properties of buildings in Almaty. It includes buildings with conventional tape foundations with a cross-tape system, seismic-insulating kinematic and supports with fluoroplastic gaskets. The buildings are equipped with engineering-seismometric service stations (stations 20,21,22). The results of experimental studies of the house on fluoroplastic gaskets, performed in the late 80s, are analyzed. The results are compared with instrumental records during the earthquakes of May 31, 2012 and August 16, 2014. The period of the maximum of the spectrum coincides with the resonance at the initial stages of vibration tests 0.44-0.47 sec. Using a single-mass calculation scheme, taking into account the presence of dry friction forces, the calculation of the dynamic model of the building on the impact of an unsteady random process is performed. The median acceleration values at the base correspond to the data of the “Seismic Zoning Map of the Republic of Kazakhstan” for earthquakes with a recurrence of 475 years and 2475 years. Probabilistic estimates of displacement values at the support level are obtained.
Adaptation of Ecclesiastic Heritage: Do Non-Offensive New Uses Exist?
Authors: Sedova A
Published: March 2021

The current trends, affecting religions worldwide, have led to the wide-spread “emptiness” of ecclesiastic architecture that forms a part of the backdrop and fabric of our lives, cities, and countryside. These changes have forced scholars and practitioners from many walks of life to seek adaptation solutions for these endangered structures, which influence the public image of their respective religions and nations. Through the analysis of the Church’s public image in different countries, a study of the increasing numbers of obsolete and abandoned religious buildings across the globe, and by examining different adaptation strategies worldwide, this paper seeks to illustrate the variety of adaptation solutions, and answer which of them can be defined non-offensive.
Memorial Park Evolution
Authors: Sarkisyants M G
Published: March 2021

This article chronologically presents the genesis of memorial parks in the European civilization. It demonstrates the transformation of sacred landscape architecture into ritual facilities using the synthetic semantic of architecture and monumental art (cenotaphs, garden sculpture, fountains). Memorial parks became a means of identifying specific places and events in space, thus preserving the memories of certain times. The location of memorial parks within cities turned them into one of the key city-forming elements of the urban environment. Being an integral part of community lives, gardens and parks appeared pursuant to both the material and spiritual needs of people and became one of the attributes of civilization.

The analysis of planning and dimensional-spatial methods in park construction helped classify them into types and identify their city-forming role from ancient times up to nowadays. Also, the authors could expose the memorial park transformation and adaptation processes depending on the changes to the social and economic formations.

The symbol is always more important than a genuine person or thing.

M. Pasturo.
Experimental Studies of the Cylindrical Mesh Shell Model
Authors: Siyanov A , Soshina T
Published: March 2021

Experimental studies of the effect of full and one-sided external load on a metal cylindrical mesh shell have been conducted. Regularities of stress and displacement distribution over the surface are recorded. The regions with the largest internal force factors and deformation parameters were identified. The values of the experimental critical load and the number of half wave of the form of stability loss are obtained. The risk of unilateral application of the load was established when the critical load was reduced and the maximum displacement exceeded.