bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Credit Derivatives Pricing Models
Authors:   Educational and Scientific Institute «Karazin Banking Institute» of V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University, Viadrova Inna M. , Bitner Iryna V. ,   Educational and Scientific Institute «Karazin Banking Institute» of V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University, Novikova Tetyana V. ,   Educational and Scientific Institute «Karazin Banking Institute» of V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University
Published: May 2024

Derivatives play an important role in the processes that take place in the global economy and economic growth. They are critical for hedging risks in the banking sector, managing the interest rate in the activities of pension funds, satisfying insurance claims for insurers and other market participants, i. e. reducing uncertainty arising from fluctuations in prices, credit rates, currency fluctuations, interest rates, etc. Today, they are actively used in the world practice of all industry sectors. The aim of the article is to develop pricing models for credit derivatives, taking into account the relationship between credit derivatives (CD) and structured credit products (SCP), as well as on the basis of identifying differences in the results of credit correlation of defaults, analyzing the evolutionary and essential characteristics of the CD and SCP markets. The authors systematized and classified them; their structural characteristics are provided; the main trends characteristic of the CD and SCP markets in the context of the markets of traditional derivatives are studied; the method of their design with the help of clinical documentation is determined; the major aspects of their modeling and pricing are considered, also an own credit product is designed and the spread is calculated using the pricing model. The article considers the problem of choosing an approach for assessing and calculating the correlation of defaults, which is an integral part of the pricing models of credit derivatives. On the basis of the given methodology for designing the SCP with the help of CD and the key aspects of modeling and pricing of CD and SCP, a basket credit default swap was designed on the basis of three corporate names. The designed product meets all the basic requirements for standard basket products in terms of content. The calculations were made based on the use of two different copulas to assess the correlation of defaults. The results can be used to design and evaluate a derivative on the correlation risk of issuers.
Monetary Impacts on the Labor Market in Conditions of Uncertainty
Authors:   Kherson National Technical University, Sidelnykova Larysa P.
Published: May 2024

The aim of the article is to study the features of the impact of monetary policy on the domestic labor market during the wartime. The main trends in the labor market of Ukraine both before the full-scale invasion of the russian federation and under martial law are determined. The indicators of official statistics on the number of unemployed are studied, assumptions about the real level of this indicator are made, and short-term trends in the revival of registration of persons in the employment center as unemployed or job seekers are predicted. The impact of the bank rate policy pursued by the central bank on employment of the population has been proved. It is determined that the overall impact of changes in the bank rate in the country depends on the ratio between small and large enterprises, as well as on the share of employees with high and low levels of education. Reserve requirements for banking institutions are mentioned as a monetary instrument for influencing the labor market. It is emphasized that one of the main obstacles to doing business in wartime is the lack of working capital. It is calculated that in the structure of loans granted by the banks of Ukraine, the dominant value (more than 70%) belongs to economic entities. Considerable attention is paid to business lending (including within the framework of the state program «Affordable Loans at 5-7-9%») as a prerequisite for the creation of new jobs. The problems of growth in the volume of non-performing loans during the wartime are considered. The catastrophic position of Ukraine in the ranking of countries by the level of NPLs in the total volume of loans issued, compiled according to the World Bank data, is underlined. The trends in the level of NPLs in Ukraine before the full-scale invasion and the reasons for the growth in the volume of non-performing loans in 2022–2023 are analyzed. It is proved that the high cost of credit resources limits the availability of working capital in business and forces it to optimize wage costs, which leads to a decrease in the level of remuneration and reduction of jobs. It is substantiated that the monetary aspects of the influence on the preservation of the labor potential of the nation acquire special importance during the war.
A Statistical Analysis of the National Market of Lithium-Ion Batteries and the Influence of the Aggression of the russian federation on Its Development
Authors:   V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University, Chala Tеtyana G. , Kornilich Dmytro O. ,   V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University
Published: May 2024

The article focuses on the national market of lithium-ion batteries as an energy storage system. The impact of the consequences of the russian invasion of Ukraine on the dynamics of its development is determined. The introduction substantiates the relevance of the chosen topic. The global and national context of market development is outlined, the importance of lithium-ion batteries as the leading technology of secondary batteries is emphasized. In the course of the study, the theoretical and methodological foundations of studying the market of energy storage systems are considered and an analysis of global trends in the development of the world battery market is carried out. Market segmentation is defined. The factors influencing the development of the world market, restraining or accelerating growth are analyzed. An analysis of the national market within the production chain has been carried out. The prospects for the extraction of raw materials, their primary processing, production of battery components (cathode, anode) are separated; the full cycle of production of batteries and final products is considered. The steps taken by Ukraine for the development of the market are considered. The strategic prospects for interaction with the European Battery Alliance (EBA) in order to create a closed ecosystem in the field of batteries within the European Union are highlighted. Data from UN Comtrade, a database of United Nations merchandise trade statistics, was used to statistically analyze imports of lithium-ion batteries into Ukraine. The value of the trend (as an additive component of the time series) of the national market has been allocated using local linear regression by the Friedman method. The practical implementation of this method was carried out using the R Studio software product. Absolute and relative parameters of market dynamics have been determined. The statistics for 2022 as the year of the beginning of the russian aggression against Ukraine are considered; the features and impact of the war on the dynamics of the development of the lithium-ion battery market are determined. It is determined that Ukraine demonstrated outstripping global market growth rates before the start of the war and abnormal consumption in 2022. The carried out research allowed to highlight the consumer nature of the national market, on the one hand, and the global prospects of Ukraine as a player in the production chain, on the other.
The Theoretical Basis of Managing the Economic Efficiency of the Enterprise on the Principles of Innovative Development
Authors:   Lviv University of Trade and Economics, Lupak Ruslan L. , Nakonechna Nataliya V. ,   Lviv State University of Internal Affairs, Mykytyn Oleh Z. ,   National University «Lviv Polytechnic»
Published: May 2024

The article provides characterizations of managerial processes that ensure the economic efficiency of enterprise activity on the basis of innovative development. The importance of establishing a management system, which involves the use of progressive approaches based on modern technologies and innovative methods, is determined. It is concluded that enterprises, which pay little attention to the modernization of the management system, are unable to increase the level of economic efficiency and the pace of innovative development, and their functioning is mostly associated with the prevention of unprofitability. The system of elements of management of ensuring the economic efficiency of the enterprise on the basis of innovative development is allocated: subjects of the «upper» (owners and top management, heads of structural subdivisions) and the «lower» levels (managers of foreign economic, planning and economic, production and technological, marketing and other departments), objects (attraction and implementation of innovations and technologies, modernization of business and production and technological processes, dissemination of the ideology of business development on the basis of intellectualization, digitalization, innovation activity), functions (analysis, planning, organization, stimulation, control, regulation, monitoring, optimization, coordination), tasks (formation of investment attractiveness, ensuring competitiveness, improving liquidity, formation of economically necessary amount of resources, growth of market value, strengthening of personnel participation in profits), methods (regulatory and legal, organizational and economic, socio-psychological, complex, value-oriented), principles (systematic, comprehensive, consistent, focus on the process approach, dynamism, flexibility and adaptability, variability).
Diagnostics of Prospects for the Development of Enterprises for the Solid Waste Processing
Authors:   O. M. Beketov National University of Urban Economy in Kharkiv, Matvieieva Natalia M. , Malovanyi Hennadii O. ,   O. M. Beketov National University of Urban Economy in Kharkiv
Published: May 2024

The article diagnoses the prospects for the development of enterprises for the processing of solid household waste (SHW). It is specified that improving the quality of services provided by enterprises and the transition to European standards in the field of removal, utilization and processing of solid waste is a top priority, as Ukraine seeks to become a member of the EU in the future. It is noted that recycling is an important component of sustainable development and contributes to the creation of a more efficient and environmentally conscious economy for enterprises and the country. The most common types of solid waste recycling are presented, each of which is aimed at transforming a specific type of waste. The paper analyzes successful business cases that have already been implemented as a result of recycled solid waste and introduced into practice in other countries of the world. It is noted that some Ukrainian enterprises in collaboration with foreign partners have actively begun to implement similar cases. It is noted that a promising direction is the energy sector, which is currently also related to the processing of solid waste. It is noted that, even taking into account the active hostilities taking place on the territory of Ukraine, there are enterprises, organizations and institutions that are already actively working or just starting their business activities in the field of SHW processing. It is concluded that it is an important aspect, in particular, firstly, how the growing awareness of society about the problems of environmental pollution and the need to protect it creates a demand for environmentally friendly technologies and services, including waste recycling. Secondly, legislative and regulatory initiatives aimed at reducing waste and improving waste management create a favorable framework for the development of this sector. Thirdly, technological progress in the field of recycling makes it possible to create new products from waste and reduce the negative impact on the environment. Also, the development of this sector can stimulate investment and contribute to the creation of new jobs in the field of ecological economy. All this testifies to the potentially high investment attractiveness and prospects for the development of solid waste processing enterprises.
Research and Improvement of Competitive Advantages of the Enterprise
Authors:   V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University, Rozhko Viktor I. , Aloshyn Danylo D. ,   V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University
Published: May 2024

In the scientific literature, there is a variety of approaches to determining the essence of competitive advantages. It is well-known to define competitive advantages as characteristics, consumer properties of a product or brand that give an enterprise an advantage over its competitors. This advantage can be achieved by providing consumers with greater benefits, whether through the sale of more affordable products or the offer of high-quality goods with additional services, at comparatively higher prices. Ensuring competitive advantages is an important aspect of strategic enterprise management in a competitive environment. The variety of approaches to defining the essence of this category testifies to its multifaceted nature. The formation of competitive advantages at the enterprise can be achieved by rationalizing the cost of production, a high level of product differentiation, reasonable market segmentation, the introduction of innovations and a rapid response to market needs. Significant factors for ensuring competitive advantages at the enterprise are also an increased level of labor productivity and personnel qualifications, quality and technical level of manufactured products, managerial expertise and strategic thinking at all levels of management. Important factors influencing competitiveness are also warranty and post-warranty service, advertising, the manufacturer’s image and the market situation, including fluctuations in demand. The process of ensuring competitive advantage requires the enterprise to identify social interaction in the market environment, in particular, responding to criticism, the ability to learn, communicate and maintain connections with stakeholders. This creates the prerequisites for the effective development of the enterprise. In the process of ensuring competitive advantage, it is important to focus on innovations that allow you to gain a competitive advantage, such as new technologies, changes in customer demands, production costs and component availability.
Громадянська ідентичність українців: вікові, статеві, політичні виміри
Authors: Петровська Інга
Published: May 2024

Метою статті є з’ясування та аналізування особливостей громадянської ідентичності українських громадян різного віку, статі та політичних орієнтацій. Методи: анкетування, тестування (“Діагностика зрілості та типу громадянської ідентичності” (Петровська, 2021), “Політична орієнтація” (Карковська, 2011)), описова статистика, частотний аналіз, порівняльний аналіз (t-тест, ANOVA, тест Шеффе). Результати. З’ясовано статистично значущі відмінності в осіб різних вікових груп за такими показниками, як репрезентованість, концептуальність, суб’єктна орієнтація та інтегральний показник зрілості громадянської ідентичності. Громадяни віку середньої дорослості мають вищі значення репрезентованості та концептуальності громадянської ідентичності; громадяни віку ранньої дорослості – вищі значення суб’єктної орієнтації громадянської ідентичності; громадяни юнацького віку – нижчі значення інтегрального показника зрілості громадянської ідентичності. Встановлено статистично значущі відмінності між чоловіками і жінками за такими ознаками, як репрезентованість, суб’єктна орієнтація, концептуальність, інтегральний показник зрілості громадянської ідентичності. У чоловіків вони вищі, ніж у жінок. Виявлено статистично значущі відмінності між громадянами з правими та лівими політичними орієнтаціями за такими показниками, як суб’єктна орієнтація та стійкість. Громадяни, що поділяють праві політичні погляди, мають вищі значення суб’єктної орієнтації, але нижчі значення стійкості громадянської ідентичності. Статистично значущі відмінності виявлено між прихильниками демократизму й авторитаризму за такими показниками, як концептуальність, репрезентованість та зрілість громадянської ідентичності. У громадян, що підтримують демократизм (визнання і здійснення демократії), поділяють демократичні цінності, ці показники вищі, ніж у прихильників авторитаризму. Висновки. Емпірично доведено наявність відмінностей у показниках зрілості громадянської ідентичності у жінок і чоловіків, представників різних вікових груп та політичних орієнтацій. Перспективою подальших досліджень є розробка програм щодо стимулювання розвитку зрілої громадянської ідентичності особистості з урахуванням з’ясованих вікових, статевих, політичних особливостей громадянської ідентичності українців.
Summer Wanderlust
Authors: Rahn Anna
Published: May 2024

A floral collage of plants collected from nature in Black Forest, CO (my hometown), South Bend, IN (the location of the college I transferred from), Boulder, CO, and the plants I grow indoors. Each location I've lived in has given me unique experiences I rely on to create a beautiful whole. This art piece is a representation of the value and beauty of diversity within my life experiences.
Included: orchid, daisy, forget-me-not, harebell, bleeding heart, pansy, catmint, and more
Effects of Modeling on the Behavior of Prestressed Concrete System
Authors: Adjie Akbar Putro , Hariandja Binsar , Bali Ika
Published: May 2024

This study deals with the modeling of prestressed concrete components and its effects on the behavior of the structure. Two cases are presented, i.e., simple vs continuous beams, and crossing of prestressed and reinforced concrete beams. Based on the findings in this study, the modeling has significant effects in prestressed concrete behavior. The effects might create serious problems on structural safety if not addressed properly in the analysis and design of prestressed concrete systems. As much as possible, it is best to design prestressed components as free-standing statically determinate systems, thereby avoiding the possibility of additional secondary stresses that may reduce the capacity of the designed member. To achieve the above goals, it is best to use a precast concrete system to build a prestressed concrete system.
Theater Across The Curriculum
Authors: Fischer Gayle , Spector Susan
Published: May 2024

Engaging students in the study of history is a challenge for all of us who teach history survey courses to non-majors. As a relatively recent Ph.D. and college professor, I am still honing my teaching style and discovering what works for me in the classroom and what does not. After one particularly brutal quarter in which I assaulted my students with exam after exam, I realized that I hated exams. I hated writing them, I hated grading them, I hated teaching to them, I hated being asked, "Will this be on the exam?" At the same time, I wanted my students to do the reading, come to class, learn something, and enjoy history. I devoured pedagogical literature, searched the Internet for teaching suggestions, and scanned back issues of The History Teacher, The OAH Magazine of History, and Teaching History in my quest for a solution to the problem of getting students to do the work without exams.
Teaching Class
Authors: Storch Randi
Published: May 2024

When I think back on my undergraduate courses, I cannot recall one instance when a professor or instructor uttered the words "class conflict," "labor movement," or "union struggle." Growing up in a working-class neighborhood as a daughter of a union electrician, I took it for granted that history in general and United States history in particular were not about me, my family or my neighbors, but instead about people with power who controlled and shaped the important events that occurred in our nation's past.
What a surprise, upon entering graduate school, to find that U.S. labor and working-class history was an actual course being offered. It seemed as though I had entered some parallel universe where one's reality is turned upside down. In this case, working-class people, ideology, politics, and movements were at the center of the historical narrative. Students discussed how differently American history looked when examined from the perspective of working people. From the first day of class, I was hooked.
Springhall, Decolonization Since 1945 - The Collapse Of European Overseas Empires
Authors: Summers Jerry
Published: May 2024

John Springhall is Reader in History, University of Ulster at Coleraine, Northern Ireland. In this introductory survey, Springhall offers both a theoretical framework and concise description useful to understand the processes and dynamics of postwar decolonization. Though brief, the book satisfactorily recounts and analyzes the devolution and dissolution of the European and United States empires while encouraging further study. Good chronology and contextual sensitivity plus appropriate, useful detail strengthen this survey.
Pelatihan Tahap Dasar dalam Membuat Surat Bisnis Berbahasa Inggris dengan Menggunakan Surat Elektronik Bagi Mahasiswa Program Studi Bisnis Digital di Era Society 5.0
Authors: Ilham Ilham , Darlan Saiffullah , Setyawan Dedy , Hafid Istiqamah , Khunaifi A'am Rifaldi , Jailani Muhammad
Published: May 2024

Pengabdian ini ditujukan kepada mahasiswa semester 1 pada program studi Bisnis Digital pada Fakultas Bisnis dan Informatika Universitas Muhammadiyah Palangkaraya. Pengabdian ini bertujuan untuk memberikan wawasan baru bagi mahasiswa tersebut agar lebih kreatif dengan memanfaatkan teknologi informasi dan komunikasi di era sekarang, dengan menggunakan Bahasa Inggris sebagai bahasa redaksional di dalam surat. Alasan digunakannya Bahasa Inggris sebagai bahasa pengantar, karena era digital bisnis komunikasi tidak terbatas pada satu wilayah saja, namun sudah masuk ke wilayah global atau mendunia. Kegiatan pengabdian ini melibatkan seluruh mahasiswa aktif pada semester I di Program Studi Bisnis Digital. Hasil pengabdian menunjukan bahwa mahasiswa yang mengikuti program kegiatan mendapatkan manfaat yakni dengan mengetahui hal penting apa saja yang harus dilakukan saat mereka ingin melakukan sebuah transaksi/komunikasi bisnis melalui surat elektronik.
Analysis of Students' Difficulties in Understanding Concepts and Solving Fraction Problems in Class V of State Elementary School 5 Palangka
Authors: Murjani Didy , Kartini Nurul Hikmah , Elhawwa Tazkiyatunnafs
Published: May 2024

Background: This research is based on researchers' observations of class V students at State Elementary School 5 Palangka. The phenomena found were not being able to differentiate the technical names between the numerator and the denominator, not being able to equate the denominators in the arithmetic operations of addition and subtraction, the inability to remember to cross-multiply the numerator and denominator in multiplying fractions and forgetting the concept of division in fractions and when Solving word problems students have difficulty understanding the questions because they cannot change the questions into fraction form. Aim: The aim of this research is to find out the causes of difficulties experienced by class V students at State Elementary School 5 Palangka in understanding the concept of fractions and what difficulties experienced by class V students at State Elementary School 5 Palangka in solving fraction problems. Method: This research is a qualitative descriptive study, The method used to carry out research uses descriptive methods. Results and Dıscussion: Based on the results of trials carried out by researchers on class V students at State Elementary School 5 Palangka, it can be seen that there were several class V students who got scores below the average of the Minimum Completeness Criteria scores. These students are students who have difficulty understanding and solving fraction material problems. The difficulties experienced by students in class V State Elementary School 5 Palangka are difficulty in simplifying fractions, not being able to equate unequal denominators and same denominators in the arithmetic operations of adding and subtracting fractions, and when solving word problems students have difficulty understanding the questions because they don't You can change the question into fraction form. Conclusion: Based on the results and discussion of the research, it can be concluded that the difficulties of students in understanding the concept and solving fraction problems in class V were found to be 3 difficulties, namely difficulty in simplifying fractions, not being able to equate unequal and same denominators in the arithmetic operations of adding and subtracting fractions, and When solving word problems, students have difficulty understanding the questions because they cannot change the questions into fraction form.
Pengaruh Kemampuan Membaca dan Minat Belajar Terhadap Hasil Belajar Siswa pada Pembelajaran Bahasa Indonesia
Authors: Supriyadi Arif , Olpisrianasro Olpisrianasro
Published: May 2024

Students' reading ability and interest in learning are the primary keys to good learning results. The ability to read is essential to support student learning outcomes. The more fluently students read and are interested in learning, the better the students' learning outcomes will be in understanding the lesson. This research aims to determine whether reading ability and interest in learning influence student learning outcomes in class V Indonesian language learning at State Elementary School 8 Langkai Palangka Raya. The research method used is quantitative. The data collection techniques used were questionnaires and tests.
The research results show that reading ability influences student learning outcomes in class V Indonesian language learning at State Elementary School 8 Langkai Palangka Raya by 77.2%. Meanwhile, the remaining 22.8% is influenced by other factors that are not included in the model or are not being researched. This influence is proven by the t-count results in the ANOVA table of 9.732 with a significance of 0.000 <0.05. Interest in learning influences student learning outcomes in class V Indonesian language learning at State Elementary School 8 Langkai Palangka Raya by 25.1%. Meanwhile, the remaining 74.9% is influenced by other factors that are not included in the model or are not being researched. This influence is proven by the t-count results in the ANOVA table of 3.063 with a significance of 0.005 < 0.05. Reading ability and interest in learning influence student learning outcomes in class V Indonesian language learning at SDN 8 Langkai Palangka Raya by 82%. Meanwhile, the remaining 18% is influenced by other factors that are not included in the model or are not being researched. This influence is proven by the Fcount results in the ANOVA table of 61.491 with a significance value 0.000.
The Role of Forensic Accounting in Fraud Detection and Prevention in Nigerian Public Sector: A Case Study of Lagos, Nigeria
Authors: Ogbaini Aliu Clement , Akpor Afam Augustine , Oboh Ransome , Oputa John Edewor , Marvis Vine Bello
Published: May 2024

This study investigated the role of forensic accounting in fraud detection and prevention in the Nigerian Public Sector, Lagos State Government was used as a case study. The study aimed to assess the impact of forensic accounting on fraud detection and prevention in the Lagos State Government and recommend strategies for fraud prevention in the Nigerian Public Sector. A sample of 60 Certified Accountants was selected using purposive sampling techniques and secondary data from past financial statements. The findings were analyzed using frequency distribution tables, simple percentages and chi-square statistical formula. The findings of this study revealed that the Lagos State Government uses forensics minimally in its operations, with no forensic accounting department and no management training on forensic fraud prevention. The study calls for the government to go beyond annual and periodic audits and employ forensic accountants' services to regularly review all major financial transactions. There should be a separate office for forensic accountants at all government levels in Nigeria and regular management training on forensic fraud detection and prevention.
Peningkatan Kesadaran Hukum Pentingnya Perlindungan Data Pribadi Bagi Pekerja Migran Indonesia Di Hong Kong
Authors: Yuspin Wardah , Azhari Aidul Fitriciada , Wardiono Kelik , Zuhdi Syaifuddin , Kurnianingsih Marisa , Marjanah Iramadya Dyah
Published: May 2024

Indonesia has passed Law No. 27 of 2022 on Personal Data Protection. However, this regulation is less effective in its implementation because it is hampered by supervisory institutions that have yet to be formed and will automatically impact the sanctioning mechanism. With the vulnerability of personal data theft that occurs in Indonesia, the urgency of this service is to provide insight into the protection of personal data and legal efforts made when personal data theft occurs to Indonesian Migrant Workers (PMI) in Hong Kong. The purpose of this community service is to increase legal awareness for workers because the condition of workers who have not returned to Indonesia for a long time may not understand the vulnerability of storing personal data in Indonesia because they are used to using personal data protection laws in Hong Kong which are robust and have been formed for a long time so that they are likely to experience culture shock when they return to Indonesia. The method used in this community service has two stages. The first stage is legal counseling for migrant workers in Hong Kong. The second stage is assisting with creating crisis centers both offline and online to assist PMI who intend to obtain information about personal data protection and victims who experience personal data theft.
Pelatihan Teknologi Informasi sebagai Media Promosi Produk Lokal Desa Sabron Sari untuk Pengembangan Ekonomi Masyarakat Desa melalui BUMKam
Authors: Zulfiana T Indah Sari , Lado Meity L H , Zebua Mercyana Trianne , Iriytanto Santje M
Published: May 2024

Sabron Sari Village has superior local products in the form of fruit, where most of the village people earn their living as breeders (laying hens) and fruit farmers (rambutan and duku), which are maintained and planted in the yards of each villager's house. This potential can be utilized to support the economic progress of village communities by using information technology in promotion and marketing. The objectives of this activity are for partners to know about managing/storing local products that are perishable so that the marketing process can continue when the harvest is finished, partners can use simple graphic design applications as tools for carrying out promotional designs, and partners have the knowledge and ability to run social media as an online-based promotional and marketing medium to be able to expand marketing areas. The method used is ABCD (Assets Based Community Development), which involves the development of human assets in managing natural resources in the form of fruit through socialization and training. As a result of the activity, results showed that the training participants had knowledge in storing and preserving fruit, could use simple graphic design applications and social media for promotional purposes, and could run social media as promotional and marketing media.
Pelatihan Pembuatan Lilin Aromaterapi Berbahan Minyak Jelantah di Kelompok PKK Kendalsari Tulusrejo Lowokwaru Kota Malang
Authors: Mufriantie Fithri , Ibrahim Jabal Tarik , Amir Nur Ocvanny
Published: May 2024

Used cooking oil is household waste often thrown away without processing because it is considered to have no economic value. Used cooking oil waste from households that are not processed correctly will cause problems for the family's health and pollution of the surrounding environment. To overcome this problem, training activities were carried out on processing used cooking oil into an economically valuable product by making aromatherapy candles. After the training, participants understand the dangers of used cooking oil and understand the material on the use of used cooking oil. The training participants were able to make aromatherapy candles from used cooking oil. Participants have the skills to process used cooking oil into economically valuable aromatherapy candles, so they have the potential to foster an entrepreneurial spirit.
Penyegaran Kader Posyandu tentang Pemantauan Pertumbuhan dalam Rangka Pencegahan Stunting di Desa Jabiren Kabupaten Pulang Pisau
Authors: Widiastuti Erma Nurjanah , Hapsari Retno Ayu
Published: May 2024

Stunting is a chronic malnutrition problem characterized by a child's height being inappropriate for their age. Jabiren Village is one of the villages in Pulang Pisau Regency, the district with the fourth highest prevalence of stunted toddlers: 31.6%. The low ability, precision, and accuracy of data collected by cadres in carrying outweighing impacts inaccurate results of monitoring toddler growth. One effort to improve cadres' abilities and skills in carrying out anthropometric measurements is cadre refreshment. Community service activities aim to increase posyandu cadres' understanding of monitoring the growth of babies and toddlers in the context of preventing stunting in Jabiren Village, Pulang Pisau Regency. The target of this activity is the posyandu cadres for toddlers, totaling 20 people, with the method of carrying out activities using counseling lectures and question-and-answer methods. The evaluation design uses a pretest and posttest to see the increase in understanding of the N-Gain test. The results of community service activities show that the average knowledge score of cadres has increased from before and after being given a refresher on growth monitoring, namely 65.625 ± 16.16 to 84.375 ± 9.83. The percentage of cadre understanding regarding growth monitoring challenges is categorized as high, 20%, medium, 60%, and low, 20%. In conclusion, there was an increase in understanding of Jabiren Village Cadres.
Efektivitas Hukum Kawasan Konservasi Perairan Maluku Utara: Studi Kasus Pulau Rao
Authors: Luhulima Muhammad Fadly , Alwan Sultan , Rosyidi Irham
Published: May 2024

The use of prohibited fishing gear continues to pose a serious threat to aquatic ecosystems. The Regional Water Conservation Area Agency (Balai Kawasan Konservasi Perairan Daerah or KKPD) in North Maluku plays a crucial role in educating the public on responsible fishing practices for the sustainability of the region. However, insufficient socialization and monitoring in the conservation area of Pulau Mare have led to illegal fishing activities that harm the ecosystem. Lack of transparency in information regarding the performance of the KKPD becomes a challenge, leaving the community unaware of the progress in surveillance, rehabilitation, and utilization by the agency. This research analyzes the legal effectiveness of water conservation area management in North Maluku Province, focusing on the Pulau Rao-Tanjung Dehegila Conservation Area. The research employs a juridical-empirical method with primary data obtained through interviews and secondary data from literature studies. Ministerial Decree No. 67/KEPMEN-KP/2020 and Minister of Marine Affairs and Fisheries Regulation No. 31/PERMEN-KP/2020 mandate proper management. However, the implementation of these regulations has yet to be effective. In conclusion, water conservation area management in North Maluku requires increased socialization to raise awareness and garner public support for established programs. Further efforts are needed to ensure the effectiveness of these programs.
Pelanggaran Hak Asasi Manusia pada Kasus Sengketa Lahan Perkebunan Tahun 2012 di Kabupaten Ogan Ilir Provinsi Sumatera Selatan
Authors: Saputra Angga , Taufiq Muhammad
Published: May 2024

Countries all over the world recognize human rights as very important rights and need to be recognized in their constitutions. The protection of human rights is also regarded as an integral part of the rule of law, so States pay primary attention to this concept. Therefore, the security, peace, and stability of a country can be threatened by human rights violations. In this case in Indonesia there are frequent violations of human rights, both serious and mild. One of the allegations of human rights violations was a farmland dispute in Ogan Ilir Province of Sumatra Seiatan which resulted in one victim killed and four people suffered Iuka-Iuka, several human rights were violated, namely: the right to life, the right not to receive cruel treatment, the rights to safety and the rights of the child, and these rights are explicitly guaranteed in Act No. 39 of 1999 on Human Rights.
The psychometric properties of the modified fear of falling avoidance behavior questionnaire in Parkinson’s disease and older adults
Authors: Landers Merrill , Haller Ash M. , Aldaco Arturo , La Billy , Babarinde Adetayo A. , Rider John V. , Longhurst Jason K.
Published: May 2024

Introduction: The Fear of Falling Avoidance Behavior Questionnaire (FFABQ) has good psychometric properties. However, a recently modified version (mFFABQ) was theorized to be easier to understand because the updated Likert responses are more consistent with the item stem. This study aimed to examine the reliability and validity of the mFFABQ in older adults and in people with Parkinson’s disease (PD).
Methods: A total of 88 participants, 39 with PD (age = 72.2 ± 9.5; 29 males, 10 females) and 49 older adults (age = 72.8 ± 5.0; 13 males, 36 females) answered the mFFABQ twice, separated by one week, for test-retest reliability. Construct validity was evaluated through correlational analyses with fall history, Activities-Specific Balance Confidence Scale (ABC), Berg Balance Scale (BBS), Timed Up and Go, 30 Second Sit to Stand, Sensory Organization Test, Zung Anxiety Scale, Beck Depression Inventory; Consequences of Falling Questionnaire (CoFQ), and average daily activity levels using an activity monitor.
Results: The mFFABQ had good overall test-retest reliability (ICC = 0.822 (older adult ICC = 0.781, PD ICC = .806). The mFFABQ correlated with fall history (r=-0.430) and exhibited high correlation with the ABC (rho=-.804) and moderate correlations with CoFQ (rho=.582) and BBS (rho=-.595). The mFFABQ also correlated with time stepping (rho=-.298), and number of steps (rho=-.358).
Discussion: These results provide supportive evidence for the reliability and validity of the mFFABQ in older adults and people with PD, which supports its suitability as a clinical and research tool for the assessment of fear of falling avoidance behavior.
The Influence of Implementing Problem-Based E-Modules on Students' Motivation And Learning Outcomes on Colloid Systems Chemistry Materials in Senior High School
Authors: Nainggolan Fedora Deroly Br , Nainggolan Bajoka
Published: May 2024

The research aims to determine the effect of implementing problem-based e-Modules on student motivation and learning outcomes in colloid system material in class XI SMA Negeri 9 Medan. This research method is descriptive quantitative with taking samples from the population by random sampling as many as 60 students as samples (30 students in class XI-2 as experiments and 30 students in class XI-1 as controls). Data was collected through tests and questionnaires, then analyzed using SPSS 24 for Windows with a one-party t-test. The results of the analysis show that students' chemistry learning motivation increased significantly with the implementation of the e-Module, with the average score of the experimental class (71.33%) being higher than the control class (49.00%). This is supported by the results of the one-party t-test which shows a significance value of 0.001 < 0.05. Apart from that, there is a significant influence on students' chemistry learning outcomes, with the experimental class post-test score (79.67) being higher than the control class (74.5) and the one-tailed t-test significance value of 0.031 < 0.05 . Research also shows a positive correlation between motivation and student learning outcomes with a sig value of 0.026 < 0.05, confirming that the application of problem-based e-Modules contributes to improving student chemistry learning outcomes in colloidal systems material.
Endurance Training Inhibits the JAK2/STAT3 Pathway to Alleviate Sarcopenia
Authors: Yao B , Li L , Guan X , Zhu J , Liu Q , Qu B , Ding H
Published: May 2024

Aging leads to a decrease in muscle function, mass, and strength in skeletal muscle of animals and humans. The transcriptome identified activation of the JAK/STAT pathway, a pathway that is associated with skeletal muscle atrophy, and endurance training has a significant effect on improving sarcopenia; however, the exact mechanism still requires further study. We investigated the effect of endurance training on sarcopenia. Six-month-old male SAMR1 mice were used as a young control group (group C), and the same month-old male SAMP8 mice were divided into an exercise group (group E) and a model group (group M). A 3-month running exercise intervention was performed on group E, and the other two groups were kept normally. Aging caused significant signs of sarcopenia in the SAMP8 mice, and endurance training effectively improved muscle function, muscle mass, and muscle strength in the SAMP8 mice. The expression of JAK2/STAT3 pathway factor was decreased in group E compared with group M, and the expression of SOCS3, the target gene of STAT3, and NR1D1, an atrophy-related factor, was significantly increased. Endurance training significantly improved the phenotypes associated with sarcopenia, and the JAK2/STAT3 pathway is a possible mechanism for the improvement of sarcopenia by endurance training, while NR1D1 may be its potential target.
Keywords: Sarcopenia • Endurance training • Janus kinase 2/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (JAK2/STAT3) • Nuclear receptor subfamily 1 • group D member 1 (Nr1d1)
Hukuk Alanındaki Hizmetlerde Kullanılan Teknolojik Olanaklar (Legaltech) ve Avukatlık Mesleğine Olası Etkileri
Authors: Bilgin Hikmet
Published: May 2024

Basit düzeyli bilgi teknolojilerinin yardımıyla veritabanı araştırmasından blokzinciri tabanlı akıllı sözleşmelere, yapay zekâ veya otomasyon destekli hukuksal danışmanlıktan algoritmik hukukî veri işlemeye kadar uzanan geniş bir yelpazeyi kapsayıcı çeşitli yazılımsal gelişmeler, literatürde "LegalTech: Hukuk Teknolojisi" anahtar kelimesi altında özetlenmektedir. LegalTech’in esas amacı, hukuk alanındaki iş süreçlerinin desteklenmesi, otomasyonu ve hukuk hizmetlerinin tedarikini teknolojinin yardımıyla kolaylaştırmak ve hızlandırmaktır. LegalTech’in öneminin daha iyi anlaşılabilmesi için, sadece hukuk sisteminin ihtiyaçları hakkında öne sürülen teorik düzeydeki düşüncelerin tartışılması yetmez; aynı zamanda hukuk alanına yönelik teknik inovasyon imkânlarının mevcut hukuk düzenine nasıl entegre edilebileceği, hukuk pratiğinde işlevsel olarak hangi iyileştirmeleri sağlayabileceği, kapsam ve sınırlarının ne olması gerektiği de doğru analiz edilmelidir. LegalTech ile ilgilenen teknoloji şirketleri, daha ziyade geleneksel, muhafazakâr ve klasik iş görme anlayışının egemen olduğu hukuk alanındaki meslekî faaliyetlerin ve özellikle avukatlığın işleyişini düzenlemek amacıyla kurulan girişimler (start-up) olarak gitgide yaygınlaşmaktadır. Sözü edilen hukuk teknolojisi çözümleri, avukatlık ofislerinin ve kurumsal hukuk bürolarının meslekî anlamda daha başarılı ve verimli olmalarına katkı sağlayabilir. Fakat bunun için, öncelikle teknolojiye karşı olası önyargılardan kurtulmak, meslekî sorunların çözümü ve hizmet kalitesinin artırılması için teknolojinin hukuk alanına nasıl entegre edilebileceği üzerine kafa yormak ve nihayetinde teknoloji yardımıyla iş görme modellerinin temel öğelerini kavramak gerekmektedir.
Preparation of W-Ni-Cu Alloy Powder by Hydrogen Reduction of Metal Oxides
Authors: Heo Youn Ji , Lee Eui Seon , Choi Ji Won , Byun Jongmin , Oh Sung-Tag
Published: May 2024

The effect of powder processing on the microstructure and sinterability of the heavy alloy W-Ni-Cu was investigated. The heavy alloy powders were prepared by the ball milling and hydrogen reduction of metal oxide powders. As the milling time increased, the size of the powder mixture decreased and at 5 h of milling was found to be about 2.5 μm. Microstructural analysis revealed that the powder mixture was changed to W and NiCu alloys with an average particle size of about 200 nm after hydrogen reduction at 800°C for 2 h. The reduction kinetics of the oxide powder mixture was evaluated by the amount of peak shift with heating rates using TGA in a N2-10% H2 atmosphere. The activation energy of the reduction reaction, calculated from the slope of the Kissinger plot, was measured to be 42.8 kJ/mol for CuO, 57.9 kJ/mol for NiO, and 50.1~112.6 for kJ/mol WO3. The relative densities of the heavy alloy sintered at 1100oC and 1200oC using oxide powder were 81.4% and 96.0%, while the specimen using metal powder as a raw material showed a relatively low value of 67% and an inhomogeneous microstructure. It was explained that the changes in sintered microstructure with different powder synthesis methods are mainly due to the powder characteristics, such as the size of the particles of the initial mixed powder.
Optimization of Ion Beam-Assisted Deposition Process for Y2O3 Film to Enhance Plasma Resistance
Authors: Oh Choluk , Kwon Ojun , Bae Younghun , Shin Hyejin , Kwon Young Min , Cho Byungjin
Published: May 2024

A ceramic-based plasma etcher window (Lid) requires robust resistance to plasma, especially when exposed to harsh fluorine-based plasma conditions. In this study, a Y2O4 film was deposited using e-beam evaporation with ion beam-assisted deposition (IBAD), and the physical properties of the IBAD-based Y2O4 coating film were thoroughly examined to enhance the mechanical and chemical resistance of the ceramic part, including the Y2O4 film, against etching plasma. The hardness and surface morphology of the IBADbased Y2O4 could be precisely controlled by various deposition processing parameters, such as beam voltage, beam current, and Ar/O2 gas ratio. Following the IBAD deposition of the Y2O4 film, a plasma etching process (Ar/CF4 mixture gases with 150 W RF power for 60 minutes) was applied to evaluate the plasma resistance of the deposited Y2O4 coating film. The surface morphology characteristics of the Y2O4 films were compared using atomic force microscopy, and their grain size was studied through scanning electron microscopy image analysis. Furthermore, a nanoindenter was used to determine the hardness of the Y2O4 film. These results suggest that optimizing the IBAD coating process requires an in-depth study that fully considers the correlation between deposition processing parameters and physical properties. This optimization can be instrumental for enhancing the durability of the ceramic part.