bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Characteristics of Ash from the Combustion of Biomass in Fluidized Bed Boilers
Authors: Uliasz-Bocheńczyk Alicja , Pawluk Aleksandra , Pyzalski Michał
Published: October 2016

When it comes to the production of energy from renewable sources, biomass is the main fuel, burned directly or co-fired with coal, used in the professional power industry. As in the case of coal, the use of biomass in the professional power industry is accompanied by the generation of by-products of the combustion process, primarily in the form of fly ash. These wastes significantly differ from those resulting from coal combustion. Their properties depend primarily on the burned biomass and boiler type. Due to the growing pressure on the use of energy from renewable sources resulting from the Energy Policy of Poland and the requirements imposed by the EU, more and more by-products are produced. Ashes from the co-firing of biomass are relatively well studied, especially when it comes to those resulting from the combustion in conventional boilers. The by-products of biomass combustion are of limited economic use due to their specific characteristics. The ashes resulting from the combustion in fluidized bed boilers are particularly problematic. The paper presents the research results on the basic properties of the three ashes generated from the combustion of biomass in fluidized bed boilers and one ash resulting from the co-firing of biomass with coal in pulverized coal boiler for the same biofuel type. The conducted analysis of the chemical composition has shown a high content of CaO and CaOw, SO3, and K2O and a low content of SiO2and Al2O3compared to ash from co-combustion of biomass. The elemental analysis indicates a high content of: P, S, Cl, K, and Ca and lower content of chromium and cobalt in the ashes generated from burning of biomass when compared with the ashes produced as a result of co-combustion. All the tested ashes have similar granulometric composition. Particular attention was paid to the leachability of pollutants, which is one of the most important factors determining the use of waste in mining technologies, using mainly the mixtures of fly ash and solid waste from calcium-based flue gas desulphurization (10 01 82). The pH of leachates from the analyzed ashes is the lowest for the ashes resulting from the co-combustion of biomass. The pH value of leachates was approximately 12 for all of the tested samples. The results have shown a high leachability of potassium and chlorides, which is characteristic for by-products resulting from the combustion of biomass, and a high leachability of sulphates due to the type of used boilers. The phase composition is dominated by calcium and potassium carbonates, quartz, K2SO4, halite, sylvite, CaO, MgO.
Chemical variability of common skullcap (Scutellaria galericulataL.) wild growing in the area of eastern Poland
Authors: Kosakowska Olga , Bączek Katarzyna , Przybył Jarosław L. , Pióro-Jabrucka Ewelina , Węglarz Zenon
Published: October 2016

Introduction.In the group of plants revealing adaptogenic activity, species belonging toScutellariagenus are considered to be the most important ones. Common skullcap (Scutellaria galericulataL.) is less known species from this genus, growing wild in Poland in wet habitats. Its herb has been used in the past as a sedative and diuretic agent.

Objective.The aim of the study was to determine the variability of common skullcap in terms of the accumulation of flavonoids in the herb.

Methods.The objects of the study were 17 common skullcap populations growing wild in eastern Poland. At each natural site, the list of main flowering plant species was carried out, according to Braun-Blanquet scale of plant abundance. The total content of flavonoids was determined according to EP 8th. The analysis of flavonoids was carried out using HPLC, Shimadzu chromatograph.

Results.The total content of flavonoids ranged from 0.21 to 0.50% dry matter (DM). Using HPLC, eight compounds were identified within the group, with chrysin-7-O-glucuronide (30.91–589.27 mg × 100 g−1DM), baicalin (61.90–482.93 mg × 100 g−1DM) and scutellarin (43.77–213.54 mg × 100 g−1DM) as dominants. Chrysin was the compound which in the highest degree differentiated investigated populations (CV=0.77).

Conclusion. Obtained results indicate that investigated common skullcap populations differed in terms of the total content of flavonoids as well as the content of indentified flavonoids in the herb. However, there was no clear relationship between geographical localization of populations and the content of identified flavonoids in raw material.
Morphological and pharmacokinetic properties of oral solid dietary supplements containing plant extracts
Authors: Głogowski Adrian , Marczyński Zbigniew , Kołodziejczyk Michał Krzysztof , Jambor Jerzy , Stefan Marta Kinga , Zgoda Marian Mikołaj
Published: October 2016

Introduction: Dietary supplements are a good way to supplement the deficiency of certain micronutrients and organic components (therapeutic agents) in human body. They are most often available in concentrated form as tablets, capsules, powder or liquid.

Objective: To investigate morphological parameters and the pharmaceutical availability of coated tablets – dietary supplements – that contain selected pharmacopeial titrated dry plant extracts.

Methods: Testing of the effective time of the tablet surface erosion was performed in model acceptor fluids using pharmacopeial methods in static (Erweka apparatus) and dynamic (unlimited diffusion method) conditions. Furthermore, morphological parameters of tablets (the original shape of an ellipse) as well as their hardness were determined.

Results: The effective erosion time was determined by conductometric method using carboxymethylcellulose sodium salt (NaCMC) contained in the tablet. The content of gum arabic and NaCMC in the tablet testifies that the granulate was produced using the “wet granulation” technique which resulted in high hardness of original, esthetic, elliptical tablets and in prolonged disintegration time (erosion).

Conclusions: The used excipients: gum arabic and NaCMC for the production of the tested tablets containing selected dry plant extracts result in their high hardness. The tested dietary supplements are characterized by esthetic design, original shape, and prolonged disintegration time which affects the pharmaceutical availability.
Medicinal properties of fungi occurring on Betula sp. trees. A review
Authors: Smolibowska Joanna , Szymański Marcin , Szymański Arkadiusz
Published: October 2016

The article presents the chemical costituents and pharmacological properties of polyporoid fungi found on birch, namely Piptoporus betulinus, Inonotus obliquus, Lenzites betulina, Fomes fomentarius, and Trametes versicolor. The in vitro and in vivo studies on the effect of different extracts from above-mentioned fungi on the human organism shown anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, antiviral, antibacterial and immunostimulant activity, conditioned by the presence of such compounds as polysaccharides, polyphenols or terpenes. These fungi are commonly found in Poland and may superbly compete with Ganoderma lucidum (Reishi) or Lentinula edodes (Shitake) used in Asia for medicinal purposes.
Drivers of Greek and Turkish Defense Spending
Authors: Waszkiewicz Grzegorz
Published: October 2016

This paper evaluates the factors responsible for maintaining substantial military expenditures in Greece and Turkey. The presented research encompasses theoretical and empirical aspects. First, defense spending by both countries was analyzed based on statistical data from international sources. Next, the theoretical determinants of budgetary spending are reviewed, which consider political, economic and military factors behind high expenditures on the army in Greece and in Turkey. Finally, Granger causality tests is applied to determine whether a causal relation between variables exists in the case of these two countries.

We conclude that defense expenditures in Greece and Turkey exceed the NATO average, but are relatively low relative to those of selected Middle Eastern countries. Our results indicate that high military spending level in Turkey is mainly driven by national security concerns, whereas an economic driver prevails in Greece.
Exploration of Key Success Factors that Influence Business Performance: The Experiences of Women Micro-entrepreneurs from Mazovia Voivodeship of Poland
Authors: Leszczyński Dariusz
Published: October 2016

Women-owned businesses are one of the fastest growing categories of firms in the world, but they are greatly understudied in countries from the Central and Eastern Europe (CEE) [Zapalska et al., 2005]. The purpose of this paper is to examine the relationship between business success predictors and the performance of female-owned micro-enterprises from the Mazovia Voivodeship in Poland during the period 2011–2013, using an Internet-based survey questionnaire. The data were collected by the CAWI (computer assisted web interview) and CATI (computer assisted telephone interview) methods. Exploratory factor analysis, correlation coefficients analysis and multivariate regression models were deployed to investigate the empirical data.

This study contributes to the limited body of literature on factors that positively affect the business performance of female entrepreneurial undertakings, using the context of the Polish experiences. Drawing on Gartner’s [1985] typology and “the resource-based view of the firm” theory, a theoretical research model was developed and verified empirically using three multivariate regression models. “Model A” displayed the highest explanatory power of the predicted dependent variable “Composite business performance” (R2 = 42,3).

Our findings suggest that the most successful female business owners in the region were ideally 30–39 years old; completed a university education; had at least three years of business experience; displayed above average entrepreneurial orientation; and adopted a business strategy to deal with competitors. Moreover, the better performing women-owned micro-enterprises hired qualified and experienced employees (“hman capital”); offered products or services to domestic and international customers; were able to attract business sector clients; and had sufficient resources (“financial capital”). It is recommended that this research be replicated in other countries from the CEE region (e.g. Czech Republic) for comparative purposes.
Organizational Culture and Open Innovation Performance in Small and Medium-sized Enterprises (SMEs) in Poland
Authors: Mazur Jolanta , Zaborek Piotr
Published: October 2016

This study investigates the links between organizational culture, the use of open innovation sources and the performance of SMEs. The main hypothesis of the study is that a special type of organizational culture (termed innovative culture), which fosters creativity, learning and inter-employee cooperation – will correspond with a greater scope of open innovation sources and higher levels of innovative, operational and financial performance. The study was based on a representative CATI survey of 473 SMEs operating in manufacturing and services industries in Poland. Our statistical analysis relied on building and testing structural equation model with the AMOS software. The findings confirmed a positive association between innovative culture and the scope of open sources of innovation. However, innovative culture had no direct effect on the percentage of sales from new and modified products, which is often used as a metric of innovativeness, but did show a positive influence on an index of operational performance and ROI. Such statistical patterns suggest that fostering innovative culture is beneficial to a company, though probably not through an increased number of product innovations, but rather via process, administrative and marketing innovations, as well as other gains in efficiency attained due to more streamlined employee cooperation and knowledge exchange. The study adds to the existing body of knowledge in management science by providing a better understanding of mechanisms underlying innovative culture’s impacts on open innovation practices and metrics of operational and financial performance in the context of small and medium enterprises.
Planning a greenway based on an evaluation of visual landscape attractiveness
Authors: Sarnowski Łukasz , Podgórski Zbigniew , Brykała Dariusz
Published: October 2016

The potential for using a standardized landscape evaluation method for planning a greenway in a young glacial area in northern Poland is evaluated in this paper. In the evaluation of visual landscape attractiveness (VLA), we took into account not only its natural but also its cultural components. The cultural components were divided into two groups, i.e. increasing and decreasing VLA scores. The sources of data needed for the evaluation included a Vector Smart Map level 2 (VMap L2), aerial photographs and a field survey. The newly-designated greenway links two landscape parks (which play the role of greenspaces) and runs along numerous lakes, forests, rivers, and objects of cultural heritage. The greenway is composed of existing local roads, allowing a more optimal utilisation of natural and cultural resources of the landscape, primarily those located between the selected greenspaces. Using this application, the idea of sustainable development can be implemented, and the overlapping protected areas will not be subject to devitalisation. The VLA method can facilitate multiple greenway designations in other areas.
Challenges Faced in Modern Quality Inspection
Authors: Borkowski Stanisław , Knop Krzysztof
Published: October 2016

Point of view, preferences and priorities of quality inspection in modern production systems have changed. Quality inspection in its activities is no longer limited only to the documentation of the past, nor is it seen solely as a tool for the detection of nonconformity. Nowadays, the most important quality inspection function is prevention, whose most important goal is to make it before nonconformity. What is expected from modern quality inspection is that it actively improves the production and quality as well as reduces the costs. The aim of the article is to present requirements, guidelines and challenges in the organization of modern quality inspection in a manufacturing company. The role of quality inspection in the classical model and modern model of quality improvement was presented. Determinants of effective quality inspection were presented, as well. The quality inspection methods that best fit into the paradigm of modern quality inspection, that is source inspection, together with visual management were pointed out.
Cross Cultural Logistics and Supply Chain Management Towards Organizational Effectiveness within the Asean/Thai Automotive Industries: A Sem Analysis
Authors: Dansomboon Suwaj , Phimonsathienand Thepparat , Fongsuwan Wanno
Published: October 2016

As a manufacturing, logistics and supply chain hub within ASEAN (Association of Southeast Asian Nations), Thailand holds the 12th spot in global vehicle production for an estimated 2,355 Thai and multinational automotive industry enterprises. Within the Association of Southeast Asian Nations, Thailand ranks number one in automotive production contributing $US11.4 billion to the Thai economy and 12 percent to Thailand’s GDP (Gross Domestic Product), with the automotive industry being Thailand’s leading export sector. However, the automotive companies envisage the difficulty of cultural diversity to manage and coordinate. Therefore, cultural values from the milieu are inducted into the workplace and have a strong impact on both individual behavior and organizational effectiveness and must be direction at all levels for cross-cultural, organizational effectiveness to be achieved. It also became evident that natural disasters are frequent and highly disruptive to the global automotive supply chain and paces must be taken to countervailing the notable and continuing loss to economic growth and organizational effectiveness to both sector units and the global industry. The implementation of strategically placed, environmentally ‘habituated’, automotive parts logistics cache might be one solution to the problem. Given the crucial importance of this sector to the economy of the region and the global supply chain, the researchers surveyed 220 managers using a 7-point Likert scale questionnaire within the multinational industrial clusters of Thailand’s ‘Detroit of Asia’ Eastern Seaboard region. Using Structural Equation Modelling to test the 11 variables on Logistics Management, Supply Chain Management and Organizational Effectiveness in a cross-cultural context, it was determined that collaboration within the supply chain and the exchange of information can reduce uncertainty, with trust being a key ingredient to a JV’s success. Communication (0.836), trust (0.834) and collaboration (0.824) were ranked as significant components of cross-cultural Supply Chain Management effectiveness. The research also confirmed that the hypothesized difficulty from cultural diversity is difficult to manage and to coordinate. Analysis also confirmed the ongoing and significant problems to the global automotive supply chain by natural disasters and the consequential economic losses.
Research and Application of Remote Sensing and GIS Technologies in Determining and Forecasting Land Use Changes by Markov Chain in Y Yen District - Nam Dinh Province
Authors: Le Giang Thi , Nguyen Thuan Duc , Tran Vinh Quoc
Published: October 2016

The land's natural resources are invaluable and a requisite for the existence and development of humans and other organisms on Earth. In recent years, under the strong impact of new directions in economic and social development, the demand for land has been increasing. The percentage of land used for residential living, transportation, irrigation and infrastructure tends to increase, while the share of agricultural land is continuously decreasing. Consequently, the allocation and efficient use of land is one of the most important concerns in order to enable sustainable development, environmental protection and ecology. Therefore, research to determine the volatility and changing trends in land use is necessary. This study uses remote sensing and GIS technology, combined with the Markov Chain to determine variation and forecast the changes in land use in the Y Yen district of the Nam Dinh province of Vietnam. This will create a basis for helping land managers grasp the situation in local land use management.
Study of Customer Satisfaction with Living Conditions in New Apartment Buildings
Authors: Lepkova Natalija , Butkiene Egle , Bełej Miroslaw
Published: October 2016

The article aims to analyze the Lithuanian housing market and to look into the satisfaction of people with living conditions in new apartment buildings on this market. The article presents the concept of customer satisfaction in construction and the criteria that define the quality of dwellings; the benefits, consequences, merits and demerits of the assessment of customer satisfaction are also named. A survey of customer satisfaction helped to evaluate the quality of dwellings according to their technical and functional parameters, as well as the degree of cooperation between customers and contractors/builders. The customer satisfaction index (CSI) and the degree of loyalty were calculated, and then a customer satisfaction matrix was built up.
Some Aspects of Local Real Estate Taxes as an Instrument of Land Use Management
Authors: Źróbek Sabina , Manzhynski Siarhei , Zysk Elżbieta , Rassokha Yauheni
Published: October 2016

Economic and financial instruments are a very important group of tools for supporting local entrepreneurship. The broadest group among them are local taxes. Real estate taxes are considered by local governments, on the one hand, as a tool for promoting the effective development of real estate, and on the other, as a reliable source of income to the local budget.

The functioning of every tax system can be analyzed by applying different criteria. The most typically evaluated criteria are: economic efficiency, equity, transparency, collectability and revenue production. These criteria are often in conflict with one another, one of the reasons for this fact being, according to the research conducted by the authors of this paper, the base of taxation. It is generally believed that the value of real property is a much more reliable tax basis than its size.

It was our intention to verify this opinion. Having reviewed the available literature and thoroughly analyzed the Polish and Belarussian real estate tax systems, we concluded that the first of the two systems has no definite advantages over the other. For example, the ad valorem tax better stimulates intensive use of land, but, on the other hand, may negatively affect its sustainable development. The main reason for this fact is the specificity of real estate as the object of taxation. The object of taxation exists regardless of its economic state and performance, thus taxes have to be paid whether or not there is any income or profit. Given the nature and possible functions of real estate and the priorities of local authorities, the concept of just taxation is also socially relative.
Optimizing Energy Consumption in Building Designs Using Building Information Model (BIM)
Authors: Egwunatum Samuel , Joseph-Akwara Esther , Akaigwe Richard
Published: October 2016

Given the ability of a Building Information Model (BIM) to serve as a multi-disciplinary data repository, this paper seeks to explore and exploit the sustainability value of Building Information Modelling/models in delivering buildings that require less energy for their operation, emit less CO2and at the same time provide a comfortable living environment for their occupants. This objective was achieved by a critical and extensive review of the literature covering: (1) building energy consumption, (2) building energy performance and analysis, and (3) building information modeling and energy assessment. The literature cited in this paper showed that linking an energy analysis tool with a BIM model helped project design teams to predict and create optimized energy consumption. To validate this finding, an in-depth analysis was carried out on a completed BIM integrated construction project using the Arboleda Project in the Dominican Republic. The findings showed that the BIM-based energy analysis helped the design team achieve the world’s first 103% positive energy building. From the research findings, the paper concludes that linking an energy analysis tool with a BIM model helps to expedite the energy analysis process, provide more detailed and accurate results as well as deliver energy-efficient buildings. The study further recommends that the adoption of a level 2 BIM and the integration of BIM in energy optimization analyse should be made compulsory for all projects irrespective of the method of procurement (government-funded or otherwise) or its size.
Differentiation of fen bedrock in the Mrągowo Lakeland (NE Poland) in relation to Pleistocene terrain morphogenesis
Authors: Lemkowska Bożena
Published: October 2016

The Mrągowo Lake District (NE Poland) with the area of 182 800 hectares was formed in 1/3 during the Poznań phase (POZ) of the Vistulian glaciation, and in 2/3 in the Pomeranian phase (POM) of that glaciation. A number of fens in the Mrągowo Lake District is 1164, and they occupy 5.9% of its total area. Majority of fens (1018) with an area of 8620 ha is located in the zone of POM phase, and the remaining fens (146) occupying 2157 ha occur within the zone of POZ phase. Peatlands cover 3.5% of area of POZ phase and 7% of area of POM phase. The mean size of fens in the Mrągowo Lake District is 9.3 ha (mean size in POZ phase zone is 14.8 ha and in POM zone – 8.5 ha). Limnic deposits predominate in the bedrock of fens (92.5% of the total number of fens). Originally, lakes occupied 11% of the Mrągowo Lake District, of which 1/2 was transformed into fens. More than 50% of peatlands developed on organic gyttja, 27% on calcareous gyttja, and almost 14% on mineral gyttja. About 7.5% of fens formed as a result of paludification.
Two Distinct Scene-Processing Networks Connecting Vision and Memory
Authors: Baldassano Christopher , Esteva Andre , Fei-Fei Li , Beck Diane M.
Published: October 2016

A number of regions in the human brain are known to be involved in processing natural scenes, but the field has lacked a unifying framework for understanding how these different regions are organized and interact. We provide evidence from functional connectivity and meta-analyses for a new organizational principle, in which scene processing relies upon two distinct networks that split the classically defined parahippocampal place area (PPA). The first network of strongly connected regions consists of the occipital place area/transverse occipital sulcus and posterior PPA, which contain retinotopic maps and are not strongly coupled to the hippocampus at rest. The second network consists of the caudal inferior parietal lobule, retrosplenial complex, and anterior PPA, which connect to the hippocampus (especially anterior hippocampus), and are implicated in both visual and nonvisual tasks, including episodic memory and navigation. We propose that these two distinct networks capture the primary functional division among scene-processing regions, between those that process visual features from the current view of a scene and those that connect information from a current scene view with a much broader temporal and spatial context. This new framework for understanding the neural substrates of scene-processing bridges results from many lines of research, and makes specific functional predictions.
The Changing Dynamics of the Baloch Nationalist Movement in Pakistan
Authors: Wani Shakoor Ahmad
Published: October 2016

In recent years the Baloch national movement has undergone a sea change. The dismantling of rudimentary representative institutions by the military regime of Pakistan’s president, General Pervez Musharraf, set off a process of radicalization of Baloch nationalism. The excessive reliance on a coercive state apparatus has not only alienated the moderate nationalists but also increased the popularity of a separatist creed. This article argues that aggressive resource exploitation and state repression is pushing Balochs toward secession.
Japan’s Democracy Support to Indonesia
Authors: Ichihara Maiko
Published: October 2016

Despite Japan’s increasing emphasis on democracy support, the amount of foreign aid allocated to Indonesia for this purpose remains small. Furthermore, democracy support is mostly provided to state institutions, and little is provided to civil society. This article analyzes the causes of this phenomenon.
Taiwanese Voters’ Political Identification Profile, 2013–2014
Authors: Liu Frank Cheng-Shan
Published: October 2016

This study summarizes critical factors that influence a voter’s choice between the appellations “Taiwan” and “Republic of China,” a subject that has not been systematically studied so far. When the legitimacy of “Republic of China” is considered, Taiwanese voters’ political identity pattern reveals itself to be more complicated than simply a choice between unification with China and independence.
Sharing Circles
Authors: Tachine Amanda R. , Bird Eliza Yellow , Cabrera Nolan L.
Published: October 2016

We employed sharing circles as an Indigenous research methodology approach to understand the stories of Native American students as they transitioned into college. We found recognition, responsibility, and relationships as anchors in incorporating Tribal cultural protocol in research. Through trust and vulnerability, Native students shared in-depth personal stories. Attempting to decolonize methodological space is complex, and we provide an accounting of how we maneuvered through this process while offering examples of the rich stories that students shared. As Native scholars, we conclude by considering our cultural and ethical responsibilities as well as the complex tensions that surface as an “insider” and “outsider” when researching and using sharing circles as an Indigenous methodological approach.
Impact of Distance from the Forest Edge on The Wild Bee Diversity on the Northern Slope of Mount Slamet
Authors: Widhiono Imam , Sudiana Eming
Published: October 2016

In agricultural landscape in northern slope of Mount Slamet, diversity of wild bee species as pollinator depend on forested habitats. This study aimed to assess the effects of distance from the forest edge on the diversity of wild bees on strawberry and tomato crops. This study was conducted from July 2014 to October 2014. The experimental fields contained tomato and strawberry with a total area of 4 ha (2 ha each) and divided into five plots based on distance from the forest edge (0, 50, 100, 150, and 200 m). Wild bee was catched with  kite netting  in 7.00 -9.00 in ten consecutive days. Wild bee diversity differed according to distance from the forest edge, the highest value was at 0 m for strawberry plots (H’ = 2.008, E = 0.72 and Chao1= 16) and for tomato plots, the highest diversity was at 50 m from the forest edge (H’ = 2.298, E = 0.95 and Chao1= 11) and the lowest was at 200 m in both plots. Wild bee species richness and abundance decreased with distance, resulting in the minimum diversity and abundance of wild bee at 200 m from forest edge in both crops.

 

How to Cite

Widhiono, I., & Sudiana, E. (2016). Impact of Distance from the Forest Edge on The Wild Bee Diversity on the Northern Slope of Mount Slamet. Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education, 8(2), 148-154.
Characterization of Three Species of Thrips on Weeping Fig, Nutmeg, and Marine Seruni Plants Based on Mtcoi DNA Sequences
Authors: Kurniawaty Nia , Hidayat Purnama , Rauf Aunu
Published: October 2016

Thrips are widely reported as pests in vegetable crops. However, the existence of Phlaeothripidae members has a less concern in Indonesia. Phlaeothripidae is the only family of  Tubulifera Suborder and some reports suggested that they had potential to be pests in several crops due to their ability to roll up and to make galls on leaves. The first step in pest management attempt is to identify the pest accurately and quickly, so the pest management can be on target and more efficient. One of the identification methods is the molecular identification using DNA barcoding techniques. This study aimed to characterize and to compare species thrips in banyan, nutmeg, and marine seruni based on their molecular characteristics. This research was conducted in Bogor and Kuningan. The process of molecular characterization consisteds of four steps  DNA total extraction, amplification by using PCR, COI gene sequence, and data analysis.  PCR programme was succesfully to amplified mtCOI gene fragment at 710 bp. The length of mtCOI gene of Gynaikothrips uzeli, Haplothrips ganglbaueri, and Pseudophilothrips ichini were 704, 686, and 702 bp dominated by A and T bases with nucleotide variation value of 27.8%. This results confirmed that molecular characterization using mtCOI gene mitochondrial had successfully supported the morphological data. 

How to Cite

Kurniawaty, N., Hidayat, P. & Rauf, A. (2016). Characterization of Three Species of Thrips on Banyan, Nutmeg, and Marine Seruni Plants Based on Coi Gene. Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education, 8(2), 185-192.
The Effects of Dose Rhizoctonia Binucleat (BNR) and Phosphorus to Nitrate Reductase Activity (NRA) and Chlorophyll of Vanilla Seedling (Vanilla planifolia Andrews)
Authors: Haryuni Haryuni , Dewi Tyas Soemarah Kurnia
Published: October 2016

Vanilla (Vanilla planifolia Andrews) is one of the important exported commodities in Indonesia. Indonesia is one of top five major vanilla exporters in the world, that produce the high quality of Indonesian vanilla with high vanillin content (2.75%). The aims of this research were to determine the effects of dose binukleat Rhizoctonia (BNR) and phosphorus as well as the interaction of the nitrate reductase activity (NRA) and chlorophyll of the vanilla seedling (Vanilla planifolia Andrew). Method in this research used completely randomized factorial design, by involving two factors (dose of BNR inoculation and Phosphor). The first factor is without inoculation and inoculation BNR (M0, M1, M2, M3) wich consists of (0,5, 10, 15) g/polybag, the second factor is the dose of phosphorus fertilizer (P0, P1, P2, P3) which consists of (0, 3, 6, 9) g/polibag. The results showed that the inoculation dose of BNR and doses of phosphorus not significant and lower levels of NRA and chlorophyll while the interaction dose of BNR and phosphorus significantly and increase levels of NRA and chlorophyll of vanilla seedling. Nitrate Reductase Activity and chlorophyll has important role in metabolism process as a plant growth indicator.

How to Cite

Haryuni, H., & Dewi, T. S. K. (2016). The Effects of Dose Rhizoctonia Binucleat (BNR) and Phosphorus to Nitrate Reductase Activity (NRA) and Chlorophyll of Vanilla Seedling (Vanilla planifolia Andrews). Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education, 8(2), 141-147.
Harmful Algal in Banyuasin Coastal Waters, South Sumatera
Authors: Aryawati Riris , Bengen Dietriech Geoffrey , Prartono Tri , Zulkifli Hilda
Published: October 2016

Phytoplankton have important as food-chain major component and primary production of marine environment. However, high abundance of phytoplankton could give harmful effects toward water ecosystem. Moreover, they could produce toxic substances that will be accumulated within their consumer. This accumulation could be dangerous for human or animals.This research were aimed to determine and calculatespecies of harmful algae in Banyuasin coastal waters. The study was conducted on April, June, August, October and December of 2013, and in February 2014, at ten stations. Phytoplankton samples were taken vertically using plankton nets. In the form of cone-shaped with a diameter of 30 cm, length 100 cm and mesh size 30 μm.The result showed that there are 35 genera of phytoplankton. That have been found and consisted of four groups; Bacillariophyceae, Dinophyceae, Cyanophyceae and Chlorophyceae. 13 species were identified as Harmful Algal (Chaetoceros, Coscinodiscus, Nitzschia, Skeletonema, Thalassiosira, Alexandrium, Ceratium, Dinophysis, Noctiluca, Protoperidinium, Prorocentrum, Anabaena dan Oscillatoria), with seven of them were known for having toxin (Nitzschia, Alexandrium, Dinophysis, Protoperidinium Prorocentrum, Anabaena and Oscillatoria). Monitoring result showed that the highest number of species of potential harmful algal blooms (HABs) occured in June and the highest abundance occured in August, especially Chaetoceros and Skeletonema.

How to Cite

Aryawati, R., Bengen, D. G., Prartono, T., & Zulkifli, H. (2016). Harmful Algal in Banyuasin Coastal Waters, South Sumatera. Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education, 8(2), 231-239.
The Effects of Terminalia catappa L. Leaves Extract on the Water Quality Properties, Survival and Blood Profile of Ornamental fish (Betta sp) Cultured
Authors: Nugroho Rudy Agung , Manurung Hetty , Saraswati Dewi , Ladyescha Deasy , Nur Firman Muhammad
Published: October 2016

This research aimed to determine the phytochemicals content of Terminalia catappa leaves extract (TCL) and its effects on the survival and blood profiles of ornamental fish (Betta sp) Ninety fish were randomly assigned into six triplicates groups and reared in various concentration of TCL: 0 (control), 125, 250, 375, 500, 625 ppm for 30 days. Temperature, Dissolve oxygen (DO), and pH were monitored during the trial. After 30 days, survival, Red Blood Cells (RBC), White Blood Cells (WBC), haemoglobin (Hb), lymphocyte, and total protein serum (TPS) were analyzed. Based on the phytochemicals test, saponin, triterpenoid, quinon, phenolic, tannin, and flavonoid were detected on the TCL. Temperature and DO were not affected by any concentration of TCL. The lowest pH (5.05) was found in fish medium immersed with 625 ppm of TCL. Adding TCL above 375 ppm resulted in significantly higher survival, RBC, and Hb. The highest WBC was found in fish immersed with 625 ppm whereas the lowest lymphocyte was found in fish immersed with 375 of TCL. However, immersing any various concentration of TCL did not affect on the TPS. In summary, immersing TCL above 375 ppm is beneficial to enhance survival, RBC, WBC, and Hb of Betta sp.

How to Cite

Nugroho, R. A., Manurung, H., Saraswati, D., Ladyescha, D. & Nur, F. M. (2016). The Effects of Terminalia catappa L. Leaves Extract on the Water Quality Properties, Survival and Blood Profile of Ornamental fish (Betta sp) Cultured. Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education, 8(2), 240-247.
Bromocriptine and insulin sensitivity in lean and obese subjects
Authors: Bahler L , Verberne H J , Brakema E , Tepaske R , Booij J , Hoekstra J B , Holleman F
Published: October 2016

Bromocriptine is a glucose-lowering drug, which was shown to be effective in obese subjects with insulin resistance. It is usually administered in the morning. The exact working mechanism of bromocriptine still has to be elucidated. Therefore, in this open-label randomized prospective cross-over mechanistic study, we assessed whether the timing of bromocriptine administration (morning vs evening) results in different effects and whether these effects differ between lean and obese subjects. We studied the effect of bromocriptine on insulin sensitivity in 8 lean and 8 overweight subjects using an oral glucose tolerance test. The subjects used bromocriptine in randomized cross-over order for 2 weeks in the morning and 2 weeks in the evening. We found that in lean subjects, bromocriptine administration in the evening resulted in a significantly higher post-prandial insulin sensitivity as compared with the pre-exposure visit (glucose area under the curve (AUC) 742 mmol/L * 120 min (695–818) vs 641 (504–750), P = 0.036, AUC for insulin did not change, P = 0.575). In obese subjects, both morning and evening administration of bromocriptine resulted in a significantly higher insulin sensitivity: morning administration in obese: insulin AUC (55,900 mmol/L * 120 min (43,236–96,831) vs 36,448 (25,213–57,711), P = 0.012) and glucose AUC P = 0.069; evening administration in obese: glucose AUC (735 mmol/L * 120 min (614–988) vs 644 (568–829), P = 0.017) and insulin AUC, P = 0.208. In conclusion, bromocriptine increases insulin sensitivity in both lean and obese subjects. In lean subjects, this effect only occurred when bromocriptine was administrated in the evening, whereas in the obese, insulin sensitivity increased independent of the timing of bromocriptine administration.
Insulin Autoimmune Syndrome: a rare cause of postprandial hypoglycemia
Authors: Sahni Pooja , Trivedi Nitin , Omer Abdulkadir
Published: October 2016

A 65-year-old obese Caucasian woman presented with symptomatic postprandial hypoglycemic episodes, resolution of symptoms with carbohydrate intake and significantly elevated anti-insulin antibody levels. She did not have any evidence for the use of oral antidiabetic medications, insulin, herbal substances, performing strenuous exercise or history of bariatric surgery. Fingerstick blood glucose readings revealed blood sugar of 35 mg/dL and 48 mg/dL, when she had these symptoms. Her medical history was significant for morbid obesity, hypothyroidism and gastro esophageal reflux disease. Her home medications included levothyroxine, propranolol and omeprazole. A blood sample obtained during the symptoms revealed the following: fingerstick blood sugar 38 mg/dL, venous blood glucose 60 mg/dL (normal (n): 70–99 mg/dL), serum insulin 202 IU/mL (n: <21), proinsulin 31.3 pmol/L (n: <28.9), C-peptide 8 ng/mL (n: 0.9–7), beta-hydroxybutyrate 0.12 mmol/L (n: 0.02–0.27) anti-insulin antibody >45.4 U/mL (n: <0.4). The result obtained while screening for serum sulfonylurea and meglitinides was negative. The repeated episodes of postprandial hypoglycemia associated with significantly elevated anti-insulin antibodies led to a diagnosis of insulin antibody syndrome (IAS). Significant improvement of hypoglycemic symptoms and lower anti-insulin antibody levels (33 U/mL) was noted on nutritional management during the following 6 months. Based on a report of pantoprazole-related IAS cases, her omeprazole was switched to a H2 receptor blocker. She reported only two episodes of hypoglycemia, and anti-insulin antibody levels were significantly lower at 10 U/mL after the following 12-month follow-up.

Learning points:

Initial assessment of the Whipple criteria is critical to establish the clinical diagnosis of hypoglycemia accurately.

Blood sugar monitoring with fingerstick blood glucose method can provide important information during hypoglycemia workup.

Autoimmune hypoglycemia is a rare cause of hypoglycemia, which can be diagnosed on high index of clinical suspicion and systematic evaluation.
Citrullination regulates the expression of insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 1 (IGFBP1) in ovine uterine luminal epithelial cells
Authors: Young Coleman H , Rothfuss Heather M , Gard Philip F , Muth Aaron , Thompson Paul R , Ashley Ryan L , Cherrington Brian D
Published: October 2016

There are five peptidylarginine deiminase (PAD) isozymes designated as PADs 1, 2, 3, 4 and 6, and many are expressed in female reproductive tissues. These enzymes post-translationally convert positively charged arginine amino acids into neutral citrulline residues. Targets for PAD-catalyzed citrullination include arginine residues on histone tails, which results in chromatin decondensation and changes in gene expression. Some of the first studies examining PADs found that they are localized to rodent uterine epithelial cells. Despite these findings, the function of PAD-catalyzed citrullination in uterine epithelial cells is still unknown. To address this, we first examined PAD expression in uterine cross-sections from pregnant ewes on gestation day 25 (d25). Immunohistochemistry revealed that the levels of PADs 2 and 4 are robust in luminal and glandular epithelia compared with those of PADs 1 and 3. As PADs 2 and 4 have well-characterized roles in histone citrullination, we next hypothesized that PADs citrullinate histones in these uterine cells. Examination of caruncle lysates from pregnant ewes on gestation d25 and an ovine luminal epithelial (OLE) cell line shows that histone H3 arginine residues 2, 8, 17 and 26 are citrullinated, but histone H4 arginine 3 is not. Using a pan-PAD inhibitor, we next attenuated histone citrullination in OLE cells, which resulted in a significant decrease in the expression of insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 1 (IGFBP1) mRNA. As IGFBP1 is important for the migration and attachment of the trophectoderm to uterine endometrium, our results suggest that PAD-catalyzed citrullination may be an important post-translational mechanism for the establishment of pregnancy in ewes.
Entre la minimización y la expansión del Derecho Penal: la presencia de Beccaria en el debate contemporáneo
Authors: Huertas Diaz & otros Omar & otros
Published: October 2016

En el Derecho penal contemporáneo se producen las mismas discusiones que se
manifestaron hace más de doscientos años. ¿Qué fines persigue la pena?, ¿qué
debemos proteger a través del Derecho penal y qué debe ser tutelado por otras
formas menos violentas?, ¿cuál es el fin del Derecho penal? Éstas y algunos otros
interrogantes son los que han matizado durante décadas el tema del delito y el
delincuente en un Estado de Derecho. En la actual sociedad del riesgo, se está
produciendo una expansión del sentido y alcance del Derecho penal. Esta expansión
socava las bases de la pretensión de un Derecho penal de última ratio, más cuando
el nuevo modelo de Estado ha superado el Estado de Derecho, transformándose
en un Estado Social y Democrático de Derecho. Algunas de las claves conceptuales
para el logro de este derecho penal mínimo pueden ser encontradas en la obra de
Beccaria hace ya más de doscientos años.
Retos para la docencia en el área de producción y operaciones en Colombia
Authors: Ocampo Flórez & Otro Juan & Otro
Published: October 2016

Varios autores han exaltado la importancia del perfil docente frente a la efectividad
del proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje y el desarrollo adecuado de las competencias
en los estudiantes. Conscientes de esta realidad, las instituciones de educación superior
han emprendido una carrera con el fin de identificar los elementos que inciden
en la actividad docente e impactan de forma positiva o negativa la formación en las
competencias de los estudiantes. Para algunos autores, el dominio del conocimiento
es el soporte de las competencias que el docente pone en juego en el ejercicio de su
tarea de formación, que se logra por la formación o la experiencia profesional que
posee. Con estos elementos frecuentemente se construye el perfil apropiado para
cada área de conocimiento y curso dentro de los programas de estudio.
Aunado a esto, en estudios sobre las tendencias para las competencias necesarias
por el administrador, se requiere de un profesional con capacidad para la toma
de decisiones bajo horizontes de incertidumbre, la optimización de recursos y la preservación y conservación del medio ambiente, las cuales se desarrollan en gran
medida en los cursos que se tipifican en el área de Producción y Operaciones. Sin
embargo, las escuelas de negocios en el país no han dado el paso que les permita
apropiar esta tendencia, tanto por la baja incidencia de las asignaturas del área como
por el desconocimiento del perfil del docente que las orienta.
El objetivo de las presentes líneas es identificar la pertinencia de la formación del
perfil del docente de las asignaturas del área de Producción y Operaciones en los
programas de Administración de Empresas de las Facultades de Administración
afiliadas al capítulo Bogotá de ASCOLFA, para proponer acciones de fortalecimiento
de una de las áreas de mayor potencial de la formación en gestión.
La paridad del poder adquisitivo: nueva evidencia para Colombia y Latinoamérica
Authors: Lorduy Herrera Orlando
Published: October 2016

El problema de la relación entre los precios y los tipos de cambio en la economía internacional ha transcendido el tiempo muy a pesar de que a nivel teórico existe una  tendencia generalizada a creer que dicha relación es una ley económica fundamental derivada de la ley de un solo precio, y que es conocida como la paridad del poder adquisitivo (PPA). En este trabajo se hace una nueva revisión empírica del cumplimiento de la PPA para Colombia en comparación con algunos países latinoamericanos de los que se  dispone de información suficiente (Argentina, Brasil, Chile, Ecuador, México, Perú y Venezuela). El periodo de referencia va desde 1970 hasta 2011 con datos mensuales. Se utilizan las técnicas más recientes para el análisis de cointegración en panel de datos. Los resultados muestran que existe evidencia de la presencia de una relación de paridad de largo plazo para estas economías que, en el papel, son bastante similares en cuanto a estructura económica e idiosincrasia.
Concentración regional de la población por Niveles de riqueza hídrica en Colombia
Authors: Correa Assmus Gustavo
Published: October 2016

Diferentes manifestaciones sociales, económicas y ambientales, han modificado los intereses de acceso al agua en Colombia, por ello, el objetivo del presente artículo pretende establecer el grado de relación entre la concentración poblacional y la riqueza de la oferta natural de agua en las cinco regiones naturales de Colombia. La metodología y método toman en cuenta: 1) compilar estadísticas sobre la oferta hídrica y el crecimiento poblacional. 2) formular matemáticamente la distribución hídrica, la distribución  poblacional y el índice de concentración, lo cual permite establecer sesgos regionales de carácter social y ambiental de manera sinérgica. Los resultados evidencian la perdida de primacía del agua frente a lo económico en términos de propiciar la concentración poblacional regional. Este fenómeno se manifiesta en la región andina de Colombia donde se encuentra la mayor concentración poblacional, la menor oferta hídrica y por lo tanto la mayor vulnerabilidad frente al abastecimiento hídrico, le sigue la región caribe y luego las demás regiones estudiadas.

 