bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Association of Enteric Protist Blastocystis spp. and Gut Microbiota with Hepatic Encephalopathy
Authors: Yildiz Sedat , Doğan İbrahim , Doğruman-Al Funda , Nalbantoğlu Ufuk , Üstek Duran , Sarzhanov Fakhriddin , Yildirim Süleyman
Published: November 2016

Background & Aims: Hepatic encephalopathy (HE) is a serious neuropsychiatric sequela emerging in the advanced stages of cirrhosis. The gut microbiota plays an important role in the development of HE. The aim of the study was to analyze the dynamic interplay between microbiota and Blastocystis in cirrhotic patients with or without encephalopathy.

Methods: The study was designed as cross-sectional study. A total of 37 patients from the Ankara city, admitted to the University Hospital within a 6-month period prior to enrolment into the study were included in the study. After the regular health checks, clinical histories, clinical examinations, and Psychometric HE Score (PHES) points, patients’ MELD and CTP scores were recorded. The fecal microbiota configurations were characterized by targeting hypervariable regions V3 and V4 of the 16S rRNA gene using Illumina MiSeq System.

Results: Blastocystis spp. were detected in 21.6% (n = 8) of all cirrhotic patients. When those were analyzed by subgroups, four of them were subtype 2, three were subtype 3 and one was subtype 1. Blastocystis spp. were not found in any of the patients with HE; however, they were detected in 38.1% of the patients without HE. Also the increase in the bacterial diversity was observed along with the absence of Blastocystis. It was suggested that there was an inverse relationship between Blastocystis spp. and advanced stages of HE and the structure and composition of gut microbiota.

Conclusion: The absence of Blastocystis spp. is associated with the HE severity and dysbiosis in the gut microbiota.

Abbreviations: Bl: Blastocystis; CTP: Child-Turcotte-Pugh; DNA: deoxyribonucleic acid; HE: hepatic encephalopathy; IBD: inflammatory bowel disease; IBS: irritable bowel syndrome; MELD: Model for End Stage Liver Disease; MHE: Minimal hepatic encephalopathy; NASH: Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis; PBC: Primary Biliary Cirrhosis; PCR: Polymerase Chain Reaction; PHES: Psychometric Hepatic Encephalopathy Score; rRNA: ribosomal ribonucleic acid.
Cholelithiasis in Patients with Gaucher Disease type 1: Risk Factors and the Role of ABCG5/ABCG8 Gene Variants
Authors: Zimmermann Anca , Popp Radu A , Al-Khzouz Camelia , Bucerzan Simona , Naşcu Ioana , Leucuta Daniel , Galle Peter R. , Grigorescu-Sido Paula
Published: November 2016

Background & Aim: Patients with Gaucher disease type 1 (GD1) show an altered lipid profile and a certain degree of insulin resistance, which might contribute to cholelithiasis (CL) and could possibly be associated with ABCG5/ABCG8 gene variants. We aimed to investigate the prevalence of CL in Caucasian adult patients with GD1 and the possible risk factors, including gene variants of the ABCG5/ABCG8 genes.

Methods: 61 Caucasian patients with GD1 (38 female/23male), aged 18-62 years and 61 healthy subjects matched for age, gender and BMI, without CL, for comparison of lipid profiles. Data before start of enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) were recorded: clinical, haematological, severity parameters, splenectomy, genotype. Fasting lipid profiles before ERT, glycemia, insulinaemia, HOMA-IR at the last visit were documented. Genotyping for the gene variants D19H, Y54C, T400K, A632V (ABCG8); Q604E (ABCG5) was performed.

Results: CL occurred in 45.9% of patients. Risk factors were: age, family history of CL, higher BMI values, LDL-cholesterol (LDL-C), disease severity, splenectomy. A specific dyslipidemia was found in patients vs. controls. Total serum cholesterol (TC) and LDL-C were higher in patients with CL than in those without; no obvious influence of insulin-resistance to lithogenesis was found. Patients with the GG genotype of D19H and the CC genotype of T400K (ABCG8 gene) had significantly higher levels of TC and LDL-C.

Conclusion: Patients with GD1 showed an increased prevalence of CL, which was associated with common and disease-specific risk factors. Starting ERT soon after clinical onset and avoiding splenectomy might reduce the risk of CL in GD1.

Abbreviations: ABC: ATP-binding cassette; CL: cholelithiasis; ERT: enzyme replacement therapy; GBA1: acid-beta-glucosidase gene; GD1: Gaucher disease type 1; HOMA-IR: homeostasis model-assessment insulin resistance; HDL-C: HDL-cholesterol; LDL-C: LDL-cholesterol; MN: multiples of normal; PCR-RFLP: polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism; SSI: severity score index; TC: total cholesterol; TG: triglycerides.
Use of Low-Value Pediatric Services Among the Commercially Insured
Authors: Chua Kao-Ping , Schwartz Aaron L. , Volerman Anna , Conti Rena M. , Huang Elbert S.
Published: November 2016

BACKGROUND:

Claims-based measures of “low-value” pediatric services could facilitate the implementation of interventions to reduce the provision of potentially harmful services to children. However, few such measures have been developed.

METHODS:

We developed claims-based measures of 20 services that typically do not improve child health according to evidence-based guidelines (eg, cough and cold medicines). Using these measures and claims from 4.4 million commercially insured US children in the 2014 Truven MarketScan Commercial Claims and Encounters database, we calculated the proportion of children who received at least 1 low-value pediatric service during the year, as well as total and out-of-pocket spending on these services. We report estimates based on "narrow" measures designed to only capture instances of service use that were low-value. To assess the sensitivity of results to measure specification, we also reported estimates based on "broad measures" designed to capture most instances of service use that were low-value.

RESULTS:

According to the narrow measures, 9.6% of children in our sample received at least 1 of the 20 low-value services during the year, resulting in $27.0 million in spending, of which $9.2 million was paid out-of-pocket (33.9%). According to the broad measures, 14.0% of children in our sample received at least 1 of the 20 low-value services during the year.

CONCLUSIONS:

According to a novel set of claims-based measures, at least 1 in 10 children in our sample received low-value pediatric services during 2014. Estimates of low-value pediatric service use may vary substantially with measure specification.
Uma sociologia da compreensão a partir do par crítica e jocosidade
Authors: Werneck Alexandre
Published: November 2016

O objetivo deste artigo é analisar o papel desempenhado pela compreensão nas situações críticas, a partir de momentos nos quais a jocosidade seja o elemento central da crítica. Para tanto, o texto entrecruza duas pesquisas nas quais o humor serve como forma de operacionalizar a crítica: 1) observações nas ruas de dois bairros do Rio de Janeiro em busca da operacionalização da crítica por meio de dispositivos de jocosidade, o que produz modulação da crítica; e 2) grupos focais com estudantes a respeito de cartazes jocosos das manifestações políticas de 2013 no Brasil, analisando críticas baseadas na ridicularização pela ironia. Estuda-se, então, como os atores compreendem (ou não) uns aos outros na definição das situações em que se inserem e o papel da ideia de compreensão, isto é, da contemplação dos quadros de referência abstratos do outro, nessas situações. Depreendem-se três dimensões da compreensão de elementos situacionais a partir desses signos: cognitiva, contextual e moral.
A prece de Frantz Fanon: oh, meu corpo, faça sempre de mim um homem que questiona!
Authors: Bernardino-Costa Joaze
Published: November 2016

Baseado nas contribuições de Frantz Fanon, este artigo demonstra que ocolonialismo, mediante o racismo, produz uma divisão maniqueísta do mundo entrea zona do ser e a zona do não-ser. Argumenta que os sujeitos coloniais, em geral, e osnegros,em particular, habitam a zona do não-ser e, por isso, são invisibilizados peloolhar imperial. Diante disto, restará ao negro tornar visível sua existência por meioda afirmação de sua identidade e de seu corpo. Concluímos que a afirmação do corpopermite a elaboração do conhecimento a partir de uma localização particular, assimcomo permite reinventar um projeto político humanista.
Espacio político, territorial y social en los regionalismos: una aproximación al recorrido del Mercosur
Authors: Bizzozero Lincoln
Published: November 2016

El trabajo analiza los contenidos que toma el espacio político, territorial y social en el Mercosur. Se parte del supuesto que el proceso de mundialización trae consecuencias en los Estados y también en las regiones. Las consecuencias se plantean en la dimensión política, social y territorial. El regionalismo es una respuesta de los Estados que a su vez cumple un papel específico y genera un ámbito diferenciado. Se analizan tres momentos en función del contexto internacional y de la variable doméstica. Para el contexto internacional se considera principalmente las iniciativas de Estados Unidos. En cuanto a la variable doméstica se consideran los actores y en particular los Estados en su proyección regional. Se exhibe en el trabajo la interrelación entre el proceso mundial, el contexto político internacional, el regional y el nacional.
Governança em saúde global no contexto das doenças infecciosas emergentes
Authors: Grisotti Marcia
Published: November 2016

Saúde global, enquanto uma categoria política de regulação sanitária internacional, não é nova. Novos são os dispositivos e as configurações políticas transnacionais para administrar as consequências à saúde humana e animal derivadas das interconexões sociopolíticas e ambientais globais. Este artigo analisa como o reposicionamento do papel da Organização Mundial da Saúde – diante dos impactos provocados pelo conceito de doenças infecciosas emergentes (ciência) e pela entrada de novos atores e alianças no núcleo de sua coordenação estratégica (poder), que culminou com a revisão das International Health Regulations (normas) – colocou novos desafios ao regime de segurança em saúde global, diante das ameaças que se difundem além das fronteiras dos Estados-nações. Segurança em saúde global implica uma ruptura em relação aos dispositivos tradicionais, ao acentuar o papel de agências e atores transnacionais, porém o sistema de vigilância (registro e notificação de doenças) é dependente  dos interesses específicos das esferas nacionais (e locais).
Estado da arte: dez anos de Grupos de Trabalho (GTs) sobre ensino de Sociologia no Congresso Brasileiro de Sociologia (2005-2015)
Authors: Röwer Joana Elisa
Published: November 2016

O presente trabalho apresenta um levantamento das produções científicas sobre o ensino de Sociologia no Ensino Médio apresentadas no Congresso Brasileiro de Sociologia (CBS) da Sociedade Brasileira de Sociologia (SBS), durante os anos de 2005 a 2015, perfazendo dez anos de discussões sistemáticas e contínuas sobre o ensino de Sociologia na escola. Os aspectos analisados versaram sobre:  1) o desenvolvimento quantitativo; (2) as temáticas pesquisadas; (3) o caráter metodológico e as bases teóricas; (4) os atores e as instituições envolvidas no interesse acadêmico-profissional sobre o ensino de Sociologia na educação básica. Considera-se a configuração de redes humanas de pesquisadores e de um eixo regionalizado de produção e difusão das pesquisas, e que o aumento quantitativo contribui de forma significativa no desenvolvimento qualitativo das pesquisas e da construção do conhecimento sobre a temática do ensino de Sociologia na escola básica.
LAS COMPETENCIAS GENÉRICAS EN LA FORMACIÓN DEL ESTUDIANTADO DE LA ENSEÑANZA DEL INGLÉS EN LA UNIVERSIDAD DE COSTA RICA: VISIÓN DE DOCENTES Y ESTUDIANTES Y SU RELACIÓN CON LAS DEMANDAS DEL SECTOR EMPLEADOR
Authors: Ureña Salazar Elvia , Ureña Salazar Viria
Published: November 2016

El presente artículo presenta los principales resultados de la investigación realizada sobre la pertinencia de la formación universitaria que recibe el estudiantado en la Enseñanza del Inglés de la Universidad de Costa Rica. La pregunta generadora fue: ¿Cuáles son las competencias genéricas que deben desarrollarse en las personas graduadas del Bachillerato en la Enseñanza del Inglés de la Universidad de Costa Rica desde la perspectiva de docentes, estudiantes y sector empleador? Las personas que participaron en el estudio fueron representantes del sector empleador, docentes y estudiantes de la Sede Rodrigo Facio y la Sede de Occidente. El sector empleador evaluó la importancia de las competencias genéricas incluidas en el cuestionario; el personal docente y el estudiantado indicaron la importancia y el nivel de desarrollo de estas competencias durante la formación universitaria. Las tres poblaciones consideran que la mayoría de las competencias son importantes. El personal docente y el estudiantado difirieron sobre el grado de desarrollo promovido durante la formación en la universidad.
PROPUESTA METODOLÓGICA DE ENSEÑANZA Y APRENDIZAJE PARA INNOVAR LA EDUCACIÓN SUPERIOR
Authors: Sandí Delgado Juan Carlos , Cruz Alvarado Mainor Alberto
Published: November 2016

La investigación realizada se fundamenta en el análisis de las diferentes teorías cognitivas, con el objetivo de elaborar una propuesta metodológica que permita configurar un proceso de enseñanza y aprendizaje innovador en educación superior, apoyado por las Tecnologías de la Información y la Comunicación (TIC). La propuesta integra metodologías tradicionales basadas en el cognitivismo y las metodologías socio-educativo-culturales del constructivismo, con el propósito de fortalecer procesos de enseñanza y aprendizaje en la educación superior.La investigación se llevó a cabo mediante el enfoque de la investigación-acción, que a partir de la planificación, acción, observación y reflexión, posibilita la innovación educativa; en la cual se generan cambios en los procesos educativos con el propósito de perfeccionar el quehacer profesional del profesorado y, con ello, mejorar el proceso de enseñanza y aprendizaje del estudiantado. Tal como lo indica Evans (2010) al referirse a que “La investigación-acción promueve una nueva forma de actuar, inicia un esfuerzo de innovación y mejoramiento de nuestra práctica que debe ser sometida permanentemente al análisis, evaluación y reflexión (p.21)”.           Para fundamentar la propuesta de enseñanza y aprendizaje fue necesario hacer un recorrido y análisis teórico de los diferentes paradigmas del aprendizaje, que van desde las corrientes de pensamiento del aprendizaje por asociación propuestas por Pavlov y Skinner, hasta las teorías del aprendizaje relacionadas con los procesos cognitivos de Ausubel, Piaget y Vigotsky. Lo anterior, permitió configurar una propuesta metodológica de enseñanza y aprendizaje innovadora, en la cual el profesorado debe asumir un rol de liderazgo pedagógico con la finalidad de potenciar un mejor desarrollo de los procesos cognitivos.Es importante rescatar, que la metodología empleada se puede adaptar para ser aplicada por el personal docente de otras áreas del conocimiento.
Checklist of the fish fauna of the Araçá Bay, São Sebastião Channel, northern coast of São Paulo, Brazil
Authors: Lamas Rafael Andrei , Rossi-Wongtschowski Carmen Lúcia Del Bianco , Contente Riguel Feltrin
Published: November 2016

This paper presents for the first time a checklist of the fish fauna of Araça Bay, São Sebastião Channel, northern coast of São Paulo state, Brazil. Fishes were sampled in five surveys from October 2012 to February 2014 using nine different types of sampling gear during high tide. Tide pool fishes were also sampled in four surveys from March to October 2014. Geographic distribution and conservation status of each species are reported. A total of 126 species was recorded in Araçá Bay, including two non-native species and new records in the São Sebastião region for 16 species. The fish species richness found in Araçá Bay was greater than the previously recorded for the São Sebastião Channel and other adjacent areas. Most of the Araçá fish species show a wide distribution along the western Atlantic Ocean (32%). Few species are included in the international (29%) and Brazilian (3.3%) official lists of threatened species.
Pisces, Siluriformes, Auchenipteridae, Trachelyopterus lucenai Bertoletti, Pezzi da Silva & Pereira, 1995: historical occurrence and distribution extension
Authors: Artioli Luiz Guilherme Schultz , Maia Renata
Published: November 2016

The present note describes a historical occurrence and distribution extension of the species Trachelyopterus lucenai in coastal basins, state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
Insecta, Hymenoptera, Apidae, Serra do Itajaí National Park, state of Santa Catarina, Brazil
Authors: Luz David Richard da , Barroso Gustavo Valadares , Althoff Sérgio Luiz
Published: November 2016

A study concerning the bee fauna of the Serra do Itajaí National Park, state of Santa Catarina, was carried out during ten months in the domain of the Atlantic Rainforest. Bees were collected monthly between October 2006 and December 2007, in two sampling localities, from 8:00 h to 16:00 h, totaling 151 h of sampling. Bees were captured with entomological nets in flowers, during flight, on the ground or while foraging for sweat on collectors. A total of 1,616 individuals were collected (1,240 females and 376 males), distributed in 89 species, 46 genera, 16 tribes and five subfamilies. Apinae was the richest subfamily with 47 species. The genera with the greatest number of species were Augochloropsis Cockerell, 1897 (nine), Ceratina Latreille, 1802 (nine) and Dialictus Robertson, 1902 (seven). Paratetrapedia fervida (Smith, 1879) was the most abundant species, comprising 11.57 % of the sampled individuals
Herpetofauna, Parc National des Volcans, North Province, Republic of Rwanda
Authors: Roelke Corey E. , Smith Eric N.
Published: November 2016

Herein is presented a list of the reptiles and anurans from the Parc National des Volcans (PNV) (01°43’ S, 29°52’ W), an area in the west and north provinces of the Republic of Rwanda in the Albertine Rift region of Africa. Fieldwork was conducted between two and six days per week from June through August 2007 and 2008. We also conducted literature searches of all historical expeditions within the park for species records. Seventeen species of reptiles and anurans are recorded from the PNV. Nine of the species were anurans, distributed in five families: Arthroleptidae (3), Bufonidae (1), Hyperoliidae (3), Phrynobatrachidae (1), and Pipidae (1). Eight species of reptiles were recorded from five families: Chamaeleonidae (1), Lacertidae (2), Scincidae (2), Colubridae (2), and Viperidae (1). Eight of the seventeen species found in the PNV are endemic to the Albertine Rift.
Reptilia, Squamata, Serpentes, Dipsadidae, Pseudoeryx plicatilis (Linnaeus, 1758): new records and geographic distribution map
Authors: Scartozzoni Rodrigo R. , Trevine Vivian C. , Germano Valdir J.
Published: November 2016

We reviewed the geographical distribution of Pseudoeryx plicatilis in South America, and present new records in Bolivia and from nine Brazilian states. This is the first record of P. plicatilis in the states of Acre, Amapá, and Roraima, northern region of Brazil. The presence of P. plicatilis in the municipality of Alta Floresta expands its distribution about 650- 700 km northward in the state of Mato Grosso, and about 620 km southward from the nearest localities in the state of Pará. Other new records are presented, which contribute to the knowledge of the distribution of P. plicatilis in South America.
Pisces, Gymnotiformes, Hypopomidae, Brachyhypopomus Mago-Leccia, 1994: first country record of three species of the genus, Argentina
Authors: Almirón Adriana , Casciotta Jorge , Ciotek Liliana , Giorgis Pablo , Soneira Paula , Díaz Federico Ruíz
Published: November 2016

Brachyhypopomus bombilla, B. draco and B. gauderio are recorded for the first time in freshwaters of Argentina. These species were collected in the Río Paraná basin at the Iberá Wetlands and Pre-Delta National Park. Brachyhypopomus bombilla, B. draco and B. gauderio can be sympatric and syntopic in Pre-Delta National Park, whereas B. bombilla and B. gauderio occupy the same environments in the Iberá Wetlands. Some records of B. brevirostris for Argentina are misidentifications of B. gauderio, whereas others could correspond to one of these three species.
Pisces, Anegada Bay protected area, Buenos Aires province, Argentina
Authors: Llompart Facundo M. , Molina Juan M. , Cazorla Andrea L. , Baigún Claudio R. , Colautti Darío C.
Published: November 2016

We provide the first list of marine fish from Anegada Bay, a coastal protected area in Buenos Aires Province. Fish records were obtained from gillnets and recreational fishery captures. Thirty seven species belonging to 29 families and 18 orders were identified. The most numerous order was Perciformes with eight families and 10 species. Odontesthes argentinensis, Micropogonias furnieri, Cynoscion guatucupa and Mustelus schmitti were verified in all sampling sites and the last two were the most represented either in the experimental fishing and recreational captures. Presence of Lagocephalus laevigatus extended the so far known range distribution of this fish species, representing the southernmost records in Argentinean coastal waters. The fish fauna composition from Anegada Bay could be considered as from a transitional zone.
Reptilia, Serpentes, Dipsadidae, Liophis taeniogaster Jan, 1863: distribution extension, new state record and geographic distribution map
Authors: França Frederico Gustavo Rodrigues , Bezerra Elayne Da Silva
Published: November 2016

The current work provides a new state record for the snake Liophis taeniogaster in Atlantic Forest of northeastern Brazil.
Acanthocephala, Annelida, Arthropoda, Myxozoa, Nematoda and Platyhelminthes parasites of fishes from the Guandu river, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Authors: Azevedo Rodney K. de , Abdallah Vanessa D. , Luque José L.
Published: November 2016

Using information from all published reports and data collected during several parasitological surveys between April 2003 and September 2009, a checklist of the parasites of fishes from Guandu River, southeastern of Brazil was generated. A total of 85 parasite species, 54 named species (1 Acanthocephala, 1 Cestoda, 2 Crustacea, 13 Digenea, 11 Nematoda, 23 Monogenea and 3 Myxozoa) and 31 undetermined species (3 Acanthocephala, 2 Cestoda, 1 Crustacea, 8 Digenea, 8 Nematoda, 4 Hirudinea, 3 Monogenea and 2 Myxozoa) in 21 fish host species from Guandu River, were listed in the current study, including 36 new locality records and 36 new host records. Also, a host-parasite list is included herein.
Lagenidium callinectes INFECTION ON ROTIFERS Brachionus sp.
Authors: Roza Des , Johnny Fris
Published: November 2016

Milkfish, Chanos chanos and humpback grouper, Cromileptes altivelis hatcheries have developed at Gondol, Bali since 1995 and until now still rely on rotifers, the main natural food, supply. Recent problem on mass culture of rotifer, Brachionus sp. is harvest failure caused by fungus infection. Under light microscope, infected eggs and bodies of the rotifers was filled with numerous aseptate hyphae. Two isolates of fungi were isolated from rotifer eggs and carcass on June 21st, 2004 and on June 25th, 2004 obtained from milkfish and humpback grouper hatcheries at Gondol. Based on its morphological characteristics, the pathogenic fungus was identified as Lagenidium callinectes which grows optimally at 25°C and survives in 1.0%, 2.5%, and 5.0% NaCl as well as in 1.0% and 2.5% KCl. Both of the present isolates utilize only 8 out of 26 carbohydrates and derivatives tested as carbon, nutrition and energy sources. This finding is the first report on rotifer, Brachionus sp. infected with L. callinectes causing up to 100% mortality.
KERAGAAN COPEPODA CYCLOPOIDA: Apocyclops sp. PADA KONDISI KULTUR
Authors: Imanto Philip Teguh , Sumiarsa Gede Suwarthama
Published: November 2016

Copepoda pada dasarnya adalah udang berukuran mikroskopik yang menjadi rantai pakan alami yang penting di perairan bebas. Investigasi jenis-jenis copepod lokal akan membantu menyiapkan informasi untuk pengembangan budidayanya sebagai jasad pakan alami. Penelitian dilakukan dengan mengkoleksi jenis Cyclopoida lokal perairan pantai Gerokgak, Buleleng, Bali, diisolasi dan dikembangbiakkan dengan pakan kombinasi antara alga Nannochloropsis oculatta, tepung terigu, ragi roti, dan hati ayam dalam tangki beton 5 m3. Tiga ratus individu Cyclopoida yang membawa telur ditempatkan pada tiga wadah kultur bervolume satu liter. Pengamatan pada pertumbuhan individu dilakukan dengan sampling setiap hari dan setiap dua hari untuk melihat perkembangan telurnya. Jenis Cyclopoida lokal termasuk famili Cyclopidae dan genus Apocyclops spp. Kecepatan pertumbuhan mencapai 20 µm setiap harinya, dan dari fase copepodit mencapai ukuran dewasa membawa telur dianalisis selama 12 hari, perkembangan telur memerlukan waktu maksimal 10 hari, sehingga estimasi siklus umur minimal adalah 22 hari. Produktivitas rata-rata telur Apocyclops spp. pada penelitian ini diestimasi sebanyak 36 (minimum16-maksimum 65) butir per individu betina. Penelitian kultur lebih lanjut difokuskan pada optimalisasi suhu, salinitas, oksigen terlarut pada media hingga optimalisasi pada jenis pakan.Copepod, a microscopic shrimp, is an important member in natural food chain in waters. Investigating the types of local copepod will provide valuable information for the development of other natural live feed culture. The research was carried out by collecting local Cyclopoida species from Gerokgak coastal waters, Buleleng Regency-Bali, isolated and cultured with combination feed of algae Nannochloropsis oculatta, wheat flour, yeast bread and chicken liver in 5 m3 concrete tank. Three hundred individuals of Cyclopoida carrying eggs were placed in three beaker glasses of one-liter culture volume. An observation on the individual growth was done by daily sampling and every two days to see the development of the eggs. The type of local Cyclopoid was classified as Cyclopidae family in the genus of Apocyclops spp. The growth rate reached 20 ìm per day, and from copepodite to adult carrying eggs took 12 days, the egg development took maximum 10 days, and the estimate of the minimum age cycle was 22 days. The average productivity of egg of Apocyclops spp. in this study was estimated to be 36 (min. 16-max. 65) eggs per female. Further culture studies focusing on the optimization of temperature, salinity, dissolved oxygen in the media and nutritional aspects, need to be further studied.
Esencjalizacja przedmiotu metafizyki w ujęciu Franciszka Suáreza SJ
Authors: Goczał Robert
Published: November 2016

Disputationes metaphysicae by Francis Suárez in its assumptions returns to the classical division into real being (ens reale) and mind­‑dependent being (ens rationis). To put it in the theoretical structure, Suárez’ theory of being is directly linked to the noetic concept of “objective being” (ens objectivum). Suárez definitely broke with a classical approach to the object of metaphysics and headed an existential reflection on being toward the essentialization. So his metaphysics is not focused on the concept of being in the aspect of existence, but is the study of abstract being as the “essence”. It is an interesting theory in historical terms, but it also suggests that it can provide in­‑depth study of previous scholastic theories. Suárez’ approach meets with the theory that clearly influenced the modern epistemology and post­‑Cartesian philosophy as a cognitive shift towards a new subjective prospect (e.g. in se conversa), in which reflection on real being was shifted toward the subject­‑consciousness representation, that is, toward the noetic reflection and mentalism).
Behawioralne podejście do funkcjonowania przedsiębiorstw
Authors: Solek Adrian
Published: November 2016

Unlike the mainstream neoclassical theory of the firm, the behavioural approach assumes lack of full rationality of entrepreneurs, which implies the necessity to satisfy rather than optimise the objective function. In this approach the firm is seen as a coalition of various groups of stakeholders, which conduct negotiations with one another to hammer out objectives, their implementation and possible remedial actions required. The article compares the behavioural approach to the neoclassical school, presents weaknesses of the behavioural approach (including the lack of a long-term horizon, non-falsifiability, and empiricism) as well as the benefits (attention to goal formation and the role of organisational slack) as well as its contribution to the development of both the neoclassical school and new concepts in economics, such as agency theory or the theory of contracts.
Koncepcja uwarunkowań instytucjonalnych w nowej ekonomii instytucjonalnej
Authors: Tylec Tomasz
Published: November 2016

The role of institutions in the development and functioning of the entire economy is one of the most interesting areas of research of the new institutional economics. In this mainstream, the criterion of minimising transaction costs has been used both for the analysis of economic life, as well as all other social institutions. The article examines transaction costs, the institutions underlying the new institutional economics and the importance of institutional conditions in the form of a complete and effective institutional system. In this context, it outlines the problem of the formation and changes in the institutional framework and points to the complexity and specificity of this process.
Współpraca gospodarcza jako czynnik rozwoju współczesnego przedsiębiorstwa
Authors: Guzdek Sylwia
Published: November 2016

Economic cooperation is a multifaceted concept that is difficult to classify. Numerous scientific studies have confirmed the complexity of organisational relationships and the forms they take. This short paper examines the benefits and risks of economic cooperation and, using a review of the literature, discusses the theoretical essence of economic cooperation, the forms it takes and the importance it carries for the entities cooperating. It is hypothesised that economic cooperation is one of the main conditions modern enterprises must engage if they wish to develop.
Brazilian-Portuguese translation, cross-cultural adaptation and validation of the Myasthenia Gravis Composite scale. A multicentric study
Authors: Oliveira Ezequiel Fernandes , Lima Valéria Cavalcante , Perez Eduardo Araujo , Polaro Melissa Nunes , Valério Berenice Cataldo Oliveira , Pereiro João R , Nacif Sergio Roberto , Oliveira Claudia Santos , Oliveira Acary Souza Bulle , Oliveira Luis Vicente Franco
Published: November 2016

ABSTRACT Objective To perform the translation, cultural adaptation and validation of the Myasthenia Gravis Composite (MGC) scale in Brazil. Methods The study was conducted at three neuromuscular disease research centers in accordance with the international ethical standards, following a multi-modal approach and was conducted in three steps consisting of translation, cultural adaptation, and validation according to international guidelines. The final version of the MGC was applied in a sample of 27 MG patients and the total score was compared to a Portuguese version of the MG-QOL-15. Results The internal consistency verified by Cohen’s Kappa test was excellent (0.766). The correlation between the MGC and MG-QOL-15 was strong (R = 0.777; p = 0.000). No significant differences were found between the responses of patients in the first and second applications of the MGC. Conclusion The MGC scale, validated into Brazilian Portuguese, has proven to be a reliable instrument that is easy to use, and is highly reproducible.
The Newcastle Pediatric Mitochondrial Disease Scale: translation and cultural adaptation for use in Brazil
Authors: Campolina-Sampaio Gabriela Palhares , Lasmar Laura Maria de Lima Belizário Facury , Ribeiro Beatriz Silva Vilela , Gurgel-Giannetti Juliana
Published: November 2016

ABSTRACT Objective The aim of this study was to translate and adapt the Newcastle Paediatric Mitochondrial Disease Scale (NPMDS) to Portuguese for use in Brazil. Methods The scale was applied in 20 pediatric patients with mitochondrial disease, in three groups: myopathy (n = 4); Leigh syndrome (n = 8); and encephalomyopathy (n = 8). Scores were obtained for the various dimensions of the NPMDS, and comparisons were drawn between the groups. Results There was a statistically significant difference between the myopathy group and the Leigh syndrome group (p = 0.0085), as well as between the myopathy and encephalomyopathy groups (p = 0.01). Conclusions The translation of the NPMDS, and its adaptation to the socioeconomic and cultural conditions in Brazil, make the NPMDS score useful as an additional parameter in the evaluation and monitoring of pediatric patients with MD in Brazil.
Neurological manifestations of Chikungunya and Zika infections
Authors: Pinheiro Talys J. , Guimarães Luis F. , Silva Marcus Tulius T. , Soares Cristiane N.
Published: November 2016

ABSTRACT The epidemics of Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) and Zika virus (ZIKV) infections have been considered the most important epidemiological occurrences in the Americas. The clinical picture of CHIKV infection is characterized by high fever, exanthema, myalgia, headaches, and arthralgia. Besides the typical clinical picture of CHIKV, atypical manifestations of neurological complications have been reported: meningo-encephalitis, meningoencephalo-myeloradiculitis, myeloradiculitis, myelitis, myeloneuropathy, Guillain-Barré syndrome and others. The diagnosis is based on clinical, epidemiological, and laboratory criteria. The most common symptoms of ZIKV infection are skin rash (mostly maculopapular), fever, arthralgia, myalgia, headache, and conjunctivitis. Some epidemics that have recently occurred in French Polynesia and Brazil, reported the most severe conditions, with involvement of the nervous system (Guillain-Barré syndrome, transverse myelitis, microcephaly and meningitis). The treatment for ZIKV and CHIKV infections are symptomatic and the management for neurological complications depends on the type of affliction. Intravenous immunoglobulin, plasmapheresis, and corticosteroid pulse therapy are options.
Understanding dystonia: diagnostic issues and how to overcome them
Authors: Camargos Sarah , Cardoso Francisco
Published: November 2016

ABSTRACT The diagnosis and treatment of dystonia are challenging. This is likely due to gaps in the complete understanding of its pathophysiology, lack of animal models for translational studies, absence of a consistent pathological substrate and highly variable phenotypes and genotypes. The aim of this review article is to provide an overview of the clinical, neurophysiological and genetic features of dystonia that can help in the identification of this movement disorder, as well as in the differential diagnosis of the main forms of genetic dystonia. The variation of penetrance, age of onset, and topographic distribution of the disease in carriers of the same genetic mutation indicates that other factors – either genetic or environmental – might be involved in the development of symptoms. The growing knowledge of cell dysfunction in mutants may give insights into more effective therapeutic targets.
Depression, sexuality and fibromyalgia syndrome: clinical findings and correlation to hematological parameters
Authors: Alves Bruna , Zakka Telma M , Teixeira Manoel J. , Kaziyama Helena H. , Siqueira Jose T. T. , Siqueira Silvia R. D. T.
Published: November 2016

ABSTRACT Fibromyalgia (FM) is characterized by chronic pain and comorbidities. Objective To investigate sexuality and depression in women with FM compared with controls and to correlate the findings with hematological parameters. Methods 33 women with FM and 19 healthy women were included and evaluated with the following instruments: Female Sexual Function Index, Beck Inventory, Visual Analogue Scale, medical history and laboratory exams. Results The prevalence of sexual dysfunction (P = 0.007) and depression (P < 0.001) were higher in the study group than in the control group; they were positively correlated (P = 0.023). The study group showed lower serum concentrations of testosterone, free T4, antinuclear factor, and lower blood hemoglobin and hematocrit. Conclusions FM was associated with high scores of sexual dysfunction and depression, and there were correlations with hematological parameters. We suggest the involvement of immune-inflammatory mediators and FM, which need further investigation to understand their role in FM syndrome and its comorbidities.
Perception of stroke symptoms and utilization of emergency medical services
Authors: Hawkes Maximiliano A. , Farez Mauricio F. , Calandri Ismael L. , Ameriso Sebastián F.
Published: November 2016

ABSTRACT Lack of stroke awareness and slow activation of emergency medical services (EMS) are frequently reported reasons for delayed arrival to the hospital. We evaluated these variables in our population. Methods Review of hospital records and structured telephone interviews of 100 consecutive stroke patients. Forward stepwise logistic regression was used for the statistical analysis. Results Seventy patients (75%) arrived at the hospital 4.5 hours after stroke symptoms onset. The use of EMS did not improve arrival times. Most patients who recognized their symptoms did not use EMS (p < 0.02). Nineteen patients (20%) were initially misdiagnosed. Eighteen of them were first assessed by non-neurologist physicians (p < 0.001). Conclusions Our population showed a low level of stroke awareness. The use of EMS did not improve arrival times at the hospital and the non-utilization of the EMS was associated with the recognition of stroke symptoms. There was a concerning rate of misdiagnosis, mostly by non-neurologist medical providers.
Meningococcal meningitis: clinical and laboratorial characteristics, fatality rate and variables associated with in-hospital mortality
Authors: Strelow Vanessa L. , Miranda Érique José F. Peixoto de , Kolbe Karin R. , Framil Juliana V. Souza , Oliveira Augusto Penalva de , Vidal José E.
Published: November 2016

ABSTRACT Meningococcal meningitis is a public health problem. The aim of this study was to describe the clinical characteristics of patients with meningococcal meningitis, and to identify associated factors with mortality. This was a retrospective study, between 2006 and 2011, at a referral center in São Paulo, Brazil. Logistic regression analysis was used to identify factors associated with mortality. We included 316 patients. The median age was 16 years (IQR: 7–27) and 60% were male. The clinical triad: fever, headache and neck stiffness was observed in 89% of the patients. The cerebrospinal triad: pleocytosis, elevated protein levels and low glucose levels was present in 79% of patients. Factors associated with mortality in the multivariate model were age above 50 years, seizures, tachycardia, hypotension and neck stiffness. The classic clinical and laboratory triads of meningococcal meningitis were variable. The fatality rate was low. Age, seizures and shock signs were independently associated with mortality.
Assessment and nutrition education in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
Authors: Almeida Claudinéa. S. , Stanich Patricia , Salvioni Cristina C. S. , Diccini Solange
Published: November 2016

ABSTRACT Neurological patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)often deteriorate to a worsening nutritional status. The aim of this study was to compare the nutritional status and food intake after nutrition education in patients with ALS. Clinical, anthropometric and functional variables were analyzed. Fifty-three patients were monitored at an early stage of the disease. The average score on the functionality scale was 33 points. Initially only 3.8% were classified as low body weight. After three months, 50% showed significant variation in anthropometric measures related to muscle mass and body fat reserves without association with clinical variables. After nutritional guidance, there was an increase in the intake of all food groups, especially the dairy group (p <0.05).The change of the nutritional status occurs early in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, even in those previously eutrophic or over weight. There was an increase in food intake after nutritional guidance according to the food guide adapted to the Brazilian population.
Aliocha Dostoevski’s death during an epileptic seizure
Authors: Amâncio Edson José , Kowacs Pedro André , Takeshita Bruno Toshio , Nascimento Fábio Augusto , Teive Hélio Afonso Ghizoni
Published: November 2016

ABSTRACT Mortality due to epilepsy is of great concern worldwide. Individuals with epilepsy have a two- or three-fold risk of death when compared to the general population. Based on biographical data and Anna Grigoriévna Dostoevskaia’s memories, the authors concluded that a prolonged episode of status epilepticus was the culprit in the death of young Aliocha, youngest son of Fyodor Mikhailovich and Anna Dostoevski. At the time of Aliocha’s death, very limited knowledge about epilepsy or therapeutic resources was available. Despite all the progress, epilepsies remain potentially fatal conditions. The suffering generated by Aliocha’s death and other similar cases remains as a challenge for epileptologists who assemble efforts to fight against such conditions.
High prevalence of neuropathic pain in the hand of patients with traumatic brachial plexus injury: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Santana Marcus V. B. , Bina Mauro T. , Paz Matheus G. , Santos Scheila N. , Teixeira Manoel J. , Raicher Irina , Martins José V. , Andrade Daniel C. Araujo , Baptista Abrahão F.
Published: November 2016

ABSTRACT Objective To describe the pain profile of patients with traumatic brachial plexus injury. Methods We enrolled 65 patients with traumatic brachial plexus injury. The Douleur Neuropathique 4 questionnaire was used to classify pain and the SF-36 was used to evaluate quality of life. Results The patients with traumatic brachial plexus injury were predominantly young male victims of motorcycle accidents. Pain was present in 75.4% of the individuals and 79% presented with neuropathic pain, mostly located in the hands (30.41%). The use of auxiliary devices (p = 0.05) and marital status (p = 0.03) were both independent predictors of pain. Pain also impacted negatively on the quality of life (p = 0.001). Conclusions Pain is frequent in patients with traumatic brachial plexus injury. Despite the peripheral nervous system injury, nociceptive pain is not unusual. Pain evaluation, including validated instruments, is essential to guide optimal clinical management of patients with the condition.
Transformações no Envolvimento Paterno ao Longo dos Seis Primeiros Meses do Bebê na Creche
Authors: Gabriel Marília Reginato , Lopes Rita de Cássia Sobreira
Published: November 2016

Resumo Este trabalho investigou o envolvimento de pais com seus bebês e com a creche nos seis primeiros meses de frequência do bebê no berçário. Por meio de um estudo de caso coletivo de caráter longitudinal, quatro pais responderam a entrevistas em três momentos: entrada do bebê na creche, um mês e 6 meses depois da entrada. Análise de conteúdo qualitativa indicou que tanto a creche como o desenvolvimento do bebê foram aliados do pai para a retomada do trabalho e da vida conjugal. O estudo mostra a importância de se levar em consideração as necessidades e competências do pai que está envolvido no cuidado ao bebê.
Percepção da Doença e Enfrentamento em Mulheres com Câncer de Mama
Authors: Castro Elisa Kern Kern de , Lawrenz Priscila , Romeiro Fernanda , Lima Natália Britz de , Haas Sílvia Abduch
Published: November 2016

Resumo O objetivo do estudo foi investigar a relação entre percepção da doença, enfrentamento e variáveis sociodemográficas e clínicas em mulheres com câncer de mama. O delineamento foi transversal, correlacional e comparativo, do qual participaram 157 mulheres (idade média=51,95 anos). Os questionários de dados sociodemográficos e clínicos, de percepção da doença e de enfrentamento foram aplicados individualmente nos dias de consultas médicas. Os resultados indicaram a existência de relação entre percepção da doença e enfrentamento. A percepção de duração cíclica da doença foi preditora de enfrentamento instrumental e distração. Já a representação emocional foi preditora de enfrentamento emocional. Conclui-se que, apesar de a percepção da doença ser preditora de enfrentamento, a magnitude é fraca.
Os Usos de Crack em um Contexto de Vulnerabilidade: Representações e Práticas Sociais entre Usuários
Authors: Acioli Neto Manoel de Lima , Santos Maria de Fátima de Souza
Published: November 2016

Resumo O objetivo deste estudo foi compreender os contextos de uso do crack. Para isso, foram entrevistados 14 usuários de crack de diferentes localidades e realizada Análise Temática de Conteúdo das informações obtidas. Os resultados indicam que as representações encontradas nesses contextos situam o crack como droga da destruição, o qual acaba por influenciar no modo de consumir a droga, descrito por episódios de ingestão intensa, com deterioração orgânica e prejuízos para a saúde. Diante dessa discussão, conclui-se que a consideração do contexto enquanto unidade de análise implica em uma possibilidade teórica de abarcar a circularidade do saber, pois retoma a produção de sentidos, sem torná-la estagnada a um grupo ou população.
Medidas Comportamentais de Eficácia: Contribuições na Avaliação do Ensino de Operações Aritméticas
Authors: Henklain Marcelo Henrique Oliveira , Carmo João dos Santos , Lopes Júnior Jair
Published: November 2016

Resumo Investigaram-se medidas de eficiência (razão entre acertos e tempo de solução) e erro (diferença entre a resposta emitida e a resposta correta) com estudantes do Ensino Fundamental. O Experimento 1 compreendeu pré-teste, ensino de equivalência entre diferentes formas de apresentação de problemas, pós-teste 1, ensino do algoritmo de adição, pós-teste 2, ensino do algoritmo de subtração, pós-teste 3 e teste de generalização. O Experimento 2 foi semelhante ao anterior até o pós-teste 1, seguido de treino de solução de problemas na forma de balança, pós-teste 2, teste de generalização 1, ensino dos algoritmos de adição e subtração, pós-teste e teste de generalização 2. Medir eficiência e erro contribui para a avaliação da eficácia de programas de ensino de solução de problemas.
Genetic divergence of soybean genotypes in relation to grain components
Authors: Rodrigues Josiane Isabela da Silva , Arruda Klever Márcio Antunes , Cruz Cosme Damião , Barros Everaldo Gonçalves de , Piovesan Newton Deniz , Moreira Maurilio Alves
Published: November 2016

ABSTRACT: The objective of this paper was to estimate the genetic divergence among 49 soybean ( Glycine max L. Merrill .) genotypes to assist grain quality-focused breeding programs in the choice of progenitors. The genetic divergence was estimated using the Mahalanobis generalized distance from the percentages of protein, oil, and fatty acids oleic, linoleic and linolenic after cultivation of genotypes in different environments. Genotypes were grouped by agglomerative methods and the two and three-dimensional projections of the distance matrix were obtained. The average protein and oil contents in the four environments ranged from 34.25 to 45.18% and from 16.48 to 23.01%, respectively. The average contents of the fatty acids oleic, linoleic and linolenic ranged from 20.2 to 42.41%, from 44.17 to 63.18%, and from 5.89 to 10.39%, respectively. The genetic distances ranged from 0.11 to 251.02 and indicated genetic variability among the accessions. The most divergent pair of accessions was PI417360/CD01RR8384, followed by PI417360/B3PTA213-3-4 and PI417360/BARC-8. The most similar par of accessions was CS3032PTA276-1-2/CS3032PTA190-5-1, followed by UFV18/M-SOY8914 and BRSMG Garantia/CD983321RR. In this study we indicated as promising in terms of genetic variability the hybridizations involving BARC-8, CD2013PTA, CD01RR8384, CS303TNKCA, PI181544, and PI417360. Among these genotypes we can stand out BARC-8 and CD2013PTA, with protein contents above 43%, and CD01RR8384 and CS303TNKCA, with oil contents above 20%. The use of these genetically divergent genotypes and with high phenotypic means in future crosses should produce desirable recombinants for grain quality.