bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cardiovascular Risk Factors Associated with Mitral Annular Calcification in a Non-Rheumatic Population
Authors: Rehman Mahboob ur , Faisal Muhammad , Ali Anwar , Iqbal Mohmmad , Rauf Asma , Abrar Amjad
Published: October 2024

Mitral Annular Calcification (MAC), cardiovascular disease marker was common in non-rheumatic populations but was frequently disregarded in clinical evaluations. Objective: To MAC and to assess effect of these factors on cardiac function in non-rheumatic adult population. Methods: From September 2022 to August 2023, we conducted this cross-sectional study at Cardiac Center, Pakistan institute of medical sciences Islamabad that included 182 adults aged 50 years and older. We evaluated the patient's clinical history, demographic data and echocardiographic and laboratory results. The association between the presence of MAC and cardiovascular risk factors (age, hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, smoking, obesity and chronic renal disease) was analyzed using logistic regression. Echocardiographic data were used to provide insight into cardiac function. Results: The prevalence of MAC was substantially correlated with hypertension (OR = 2.30), diabetes (OR = 2.00), dyslipidemia (OR = 1.75) and obesity (OR = 1.07). Also, smoking demonstrated a significant correlation with MAC. In comparison to those without MAC, individuals with MAC exhibited substantially lower ejection fractions, increased left atrial diameters and impaired diastolic function, as indicated by cardiac function assessments. Conclusion: In non-rheumatic population, MAC was significantly associated with conventional cardiovascular risk factors, particularly hypertension and diabetes.
Comparative Efficacy of Single-Dose versus Multiple-Dose Antibiotic Prophylaxis in Reducing Postoperative Infections in Elective Cesarean Deliveries
Authors: Arifa . , Zubair Roma , Gul Saima , Sheraz Misbah , Rani Nadia , Safdar Sundas , Ullah Naqeeb
Published: October 2024

Cesarean Sections (CS) were common surgeries that may lead to complications like endometritis and Surgical Site Infections (SSIs). While prophylactic antibiotics reduce these risks, the ideal dosing regimen remains debated. Objective: To evaluates whether a single or multiple-dose antibiotic regimen offers better protection against infections in patients undergoing planned cesarean sections. Methods: A six-month quasi-experimental study was conducted from October 1, 2020, to March 30, 2021, at Lady Reading Hospital in Peshawar. Eighty-two women scheduled for elective CS were assigned into two groups: one received a single 1g dose of intravenous cefazolin before surgery, and the other received the same initial dose followed by two additional doses every eight hours. Primary outcomes assessed were the incidence of endometritis and SSIs within 30 days post-surgery. Results: Postpartum infections were significantly lower in the multiple-dose group (4.9%) compared to the single-dose group (19.5%, p = 0.039). The multiple-dose group also had fewer SSIs (4.9% vs. 14.6%, p = 0.140) and no cases of endometritis (0% vs. 4.9%, p = 0.154), though these differences were not statistically significant. There were no significant differences in adverse drug reactions, hospital stay duration, or antibiotic resistance development between the groups. Conclusions: Multiple-dose antibiotic regimens may reduce infection rates in planned CS without increasing adverse effects or antibiotic resistance. Further studies were needed to confirm these findings and optimize prophylactic strategies.
Impact of Lifestyle and Demographic Factors on Diabetes-Associated Complications; A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Alam Maira Maqsood , Naeem Sana , Nazar Muhammad Subhan , Hafeez Ussama , Naeem Saher , Junaid Muhammad , Memoona .
Published: October 2024

Globally, the prevalence of Diabetes Mellitus (DM), a leading cause of death and morbidity, is rising, adults with DM have the highest prevalence of chronic illness. This study pursuits to assess and evaluate the impact of life style and demographic factors that aggravates the diabetic complications. Methods: A cross-sectional study design was carried out in adult diabetic patients. The study was a nationally based study in Lahore, Pakistan, target population was Medical OPDs and Diabetic Care centers. Participants includes both gender with age 20 year to 70 years who’s diagnosed with type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. The study variables include the demographic information, patient assessment, regarding the life style, face to face interview through self-structured questionnaire and anthropometric measurement were taken from every participant (weight, height). SPSS version 20.0 was used for data analysis. Results: The sample of this study consisted of 189 (51.1%) females and 181(48.9%) male respondents (N=370). The descriptive Statistics of gender of respondents giving standard deviation of 0.501 and variance of 0.251. As all the respondents are diabetic patients so while cross tabulating the gender with Obese scale 167 of the total population fall in normal weight scale, 110 are categorized as overweight and 33 as obese. The people with good knowledge about their life style impact on Diabetes complications were relatively less affected. Conclusions: The findings alert the medical practitioner informed the patients about the significance of impact of sedentary lifestyle on diabetic’s complications. Regular screening for diabetic patient is necessary for the early detection of complications by skilled health professionals.
Suicidal Deaths by Poisoning in Muzaffargarh: Observational Study Comprising of Regional Toxicity Patterns of Acute Poisoning in Cases of Suicidal Deaths in Muzaffargarh
Authors: Sana Sanaila Gull , Hafeez Hafsa , Shahab Muhammad Asif , Muraad Tasneem , Masood Riffat , Niazi Sohaib Hassan
Published: October 2024

Cases of suicidal deaths are increasing day by day and one of the main reasons is acute poisoning, which is the preferred method of suicide in many areas. The increasing number of deaths led us to conduct a study on this particular aspect. Objectives: To determine the frequency of toxic agents used for poisoning, regional trends of availability, modes and methods of use and reasons for self-poisoning. Methods: In this retrospective study, dead bodies of both genders and all age groups were studied with their respective data and history, for the years of 2019 to 2023. Unidentified, burnt, putrefied and bodies of chronic narcotic abuse were excluded. All the variables were analyzed through SPSS version 27.0. Results: Out of 387 cases of suicidal deaths due to poisoning, 67% were females with the predominant age group of 21 to 40 years. The majority were married and belonged to rural areas of Muzaffargarh with illiteracy levels up to 75%. The widely used poisonous agents were Kala Pathar, Wheat pills and Organophosphorus. Almost 61.7% of families did not allow postmortem of the deceased. Conclusions: It was concluded that suicidal deaths due to poisoning are soaring day by day due to the lack of proper legislation, suicide prevention strategies and provision of health facilities for the people of district Muzaffargarh.
Interlinking Human-Derived Leukemia Cells with Clinicopathological Therapeutics: Exploring Capsaicin's Anti-Cancer Mechanisms/potential for Leukemia Patients
Authors: Mastoor Maryam , Choudhry Faiza , Khurshid Aina , Naval Ama tul , Asad Jamal , Khaliq Shagufta , Devi Durga
Published: October 2024

Capsaicin, a bioactive compound isolated from chilli peppers, comes out as a potential agent for its anti-proliferation role in leukemia patients’ therapy. Objectives: This systematic review describes the Clinicopathological therapeutic potential of capsaicin against leukemia emphasizing the mechanism by which it inhibits growth through apoptosis, the cell cycle, and regulation of oncogenic signalling pathways in human-derived leukemia cell lines. Methods: According to PRISMA guidelines, the 75 studies were obtained from the various databases January 2013 and April 2024; Semantic Scholar, Google Scholar, PubMed as well as Frontiers and Link Springer. 50% (38) of the articles were taken from Semantic Scholar, 30% (22) from Google Scholar and 20% (15) from other search engines including PubMed and Link Springer.  The papers included the inclusion criteria of PRISMA based on demographics, key outcomes and Anti-Cancer mechanisms majorly.  Results: Capsaicin research published in America, Europe, Asia and Africa proves that it regulates vital processes at the cellular level including production of ROS, inhibition of NF-κB, STAT3, MAPK and cellular apoptosis. As human-derived cell lines are playing a pivotal role in cancer therapy, silicon methodologies along with in-vitro and in-vivo verification also shed more light on the improvement by capsaicin of the effectiveness of standard chemotherapeutic agents in combination with preferential killing of leukemic cells. Conclusions: Significantly, there were low levels of cytotoxicity of capsaicin to normal peripheral blood hematopoietic cells indicating that the compound is safe to use inhibiting the key oncogenic pathways and enhancing the efficacy of existing chemotherapeutic agents makes it a promising candidate for future therapeutic development.
The role of moisture in the development of spring wheat
Authors: Malitskaya N. V. , Ashirbekov M. Zh. , Karmanov R. M. , Negmejanova Zh. M. , Shurtaeva N. N.
Published: October 2024

In the conditions of the North Kazakhstan region, the moisture supply of the growing season of spring soft wheat is characterized by an uneven distribution of precipitation, which affects the yield of grain crops.

This process can be observed using the G.T. Selyaninov hydrothermal humidification coefficient (GTC). A scientific study during 2022-2023 was conducted in order to influence moisture availability on the grain yield of spring soft wheat in the North Kazakhstan region. The methodology consists in calculating the hydrothermal coefficient in the interphase periods of spring wheat for calendar years: 2022 and 2023. The calculation of the elements of the crop structure and grain yield was also carried out.

In accordance with the moisture availability of the growing season of spring wheat, the main elements of the crop structure: productive bushiness, ear water content, pcs; weight of 1000 grains, g showed themselves stronger in 2023, respectively: 1.1; 21; 33, than in 2022.

Moisture availability of the period of release into the tube - grain ripeness in 2022 took place in satisfactory conditions for spring wheat, which affected its grain yield of - 15 c/ha. In 2023, the stages of wheat organogenesis before the earing period passed favorably, despite the subsequent poorly satisfactory wet conditions before grain maturation, the harvested plants showed good productivity potential - 17c/ha, which exceeded the grain yield of 2022.

The use of the hydrothermal coefficient makes it possible to apply agrotechnical techniques to increase the yield of spring wheat grain in unstable periods of moisture availability.
Calculation and analysis of the operation of a wooden beamrun in LIRA-SAPR PC
Authors: Policshuk N. U. , Aubakirova B. B. , Shaporeva A. V.
Published: October 2024

This article discusses the processes of modeling, calculation and analysis of a cantilever girder, which is, from the point of view of mechanics The process of input of initial data, transformation of a physical system into a mathematical model and analysis of the obtained results are considered step by step.
Hydrological and hydrochemical regime foothill rivers of the Almaty region
Authors: Bekturov D. S. , Dolgopolova S. Yu. , Minat A.
Published: October 2024

The hydrological characteristics of the foothill rivers Kaskelen, Aksai and Shamalgan are given, and the results of their hydrochemical studies are also presented. The purpose of this work is to characterize the current hydrological and hydrochemical state of the foothill rivers of the Almaty region, for applicability in the use of foothill rivers in fisheries (sport fishing, organization of aquaculture enterprises).
Models of microwave heating of objects
Authors: Ritter E. S. , Ritter D. V. , Zykova N. V. , Umarov N.
Published: October 2024

In article models of the microwave oven of heating of objects are considered. One of them represents the generator of the microwave oven of the energy, loaded on the volume resonator in which place heated up object. Other model, along with the microwave oven the generator, contains the switching center with exits on a number of unidirectional radiators in which aperture the irradiated object is established.

In article it is considered features of process of interaction of object with a wave guide field. Modes of the minimum rcradiation of energy and the maximum absorption of energy are in detail stated.
Development of VR application for the field of education using the example of the laboratory of experimental physics
Authors: Pyatkova T. V. , Nikishina O. A. , Zaikina L. I.
Published: October 2024

The article describes the process of designing and creating a VR laboratory for the study of experimental physics. The project involves the integration of VR technologies, the development of a user interface and functionality for safe and visual physical experiments. The solution being developed will allow students to effectively learn and understand physical laws in an interactive virtual environment, expanding educational opportunities in this area.
Characteristics of the state of visual acuity of schoolchildren
Authors: Nusupova A. Zh. , Nusupov M. T. , Safarov E. D. , Kabieva B. Zh.
Published: October 2024

This article deals the problem of visual impairment is considered, which is currently relevant, since in accordance with modern requirements, the number of people wearing glasses who have vision problems due to increased eye strain is increasing daily. The paper shows some ways to preserve vision.
Digitization of herbarium collection of Manash Kozybaev North-Kazakhstan university as a result of digital technology integration in herbarology
Authors: Romanchuk V. V. , Abiltaeva A. A.
Published: October 2024

Nowadays, all areas of human knowledge are firmly interacting with digital technologies. These technologies open up new approaches to study and research methods in most scientific fields.

The article shows the integration of digital technologies in herbarium science. The relevance of digitization of herbarium collections is described. An algorithm for creating a digital herbarium is presented and a method for publishing the data is proposed. The limiting factors and advantages of working with electronic herbarium are noted.
Topical issues of teaching humanities at school
Authors: Akhmetov A. S.
Published: October 2024

This article is devoted to the study of current issues in teaching history and law in educational institutions. The article reveals the concepts and essence of modern educational technologies based on the opinions and approaches of various researchers. Much attention is paid in the article to the problem of choosing the most optimal educational technology of teaching, depending on the individual characteristics of students and their moral and psychological readiness to learn new educational material. In conclusion, criteria for choosing the most effective teaching technology are given and a number of requirements for the successful teaching of historical and legal material are presented.
Modern problems of pedagogical support for young employees of investigative departments of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia
Authors: Varlacheva A. V.
Published: October 2024

The article discusses topical issues related to the pedagogical support of young employees of investigative departments of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, analyzes in detail the challenges faced by novice investigators and the need for pedagogical support for the successful integration of young investigators. The study is based on the analysis of normative legal acts, scientific literature, as well as the results of an empirical study among employees of investigative departments of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia.
Features of the application of educational measures to employees of the internal affairs bodies of the Russian Federation of the third category of professional suitability
Authors: Urazalina S. N.
Published: October 2024

In this article, the author explores the problem of the application of educational measures in relation to employees of the internal affairs bodies of the Russian Federation, classified in the third category of professional suitability. The author examines the features of this process and identifies the factors influencing the effectiveness of the educational process. The data of an empirical study conducted in the department of the linear department of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia at Pulkovo airport are analyzed. The importance of adapting educational approaches to a changing socio-cultural environment is emphasized and makes recommendations for the development and improvement of educational work practices among law enforcement officers.
On the issue of classification (division) of the subject of the claim
Authors: Zharylgap M. K.
Published: October 2024

The article analyzes such a category as the subject of a claim, its place and role in civil proceedings. Disputes about the presence or absence of a legal relationship between the parties, about the obligations of the defendant, about the change or termination of the legal relationship are types of the subject of a claim. The authors give examples of the types and analyze the criteria for differentiating between the types of lawsuits on the subject of the claim. It is also noted that in disputes about the change and termination of a legal relationship the court realizes the exclusive powers granted by the legislator. The article puts forward two arguments about the limits of employing the types of the subject of the claim. The authors believe that there are no clear criteria for differentiating between the groups of lawsuits on the subject matter of the claim. Also, the authors find that in the practical field (in rule-making, courts) the subject of the claim is applied in general, without dividing it into groups. The subject matter of the claim, together with the existence of a dispute, affects the type of judicial proceedings. In judicial practice, there is an erroneous interpretation of the subject of the claim, which has negative consequences. The paper argues that the requirement to establish the fact of recognition of paternity should be considered in a lawsuit only within the framework of the requirement to establish paternity.
Stimulating change: transcranial magnetic stimulation and plasticity in obsessive-compulsive disorder
Authors:   , Fitzsimmons Sophie Madeleine Deirdre Dove
Published: October 2024

In this thesis, we aimed to improve our understanding of the plasticity processes
underlying the treatment outcomes of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation
(rTMS) in obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), and the neurobiological factors
predicting rTMS outcome.

This thesis contains a number of studies examining the efficacy and neuroplasticity
effects of rTMS for OCD, and uses various neuroimaging methods to predict treatment
outcome. We identify that rTMS is an effective treatment for OCD, that rTMS-induced
neuroplasticity is measurable at various levels of the nervous system, and that task-
based brain activation as well as graph features of the functional and structural brain
networks can predict rTMS outcome.

Our research indicates that rTMS in combination with ERP is a potentially valuable
addition to current treatments for OCD; and that we may be able to further improve
rTMS outcomes by optimising neuroplasticity processes, and using insights from
neuroscientific research to optimise target engagement and patient selection. These
conclusions should be further researched in both carefully controlled preclinical
research and well-powered clinical trials in order to evaluate the true added value of
these new innovations in OCD treatment, and to bring the best quality care to the
people at the heart of this research: those with OCD.
ANÁLISE DA REALIZAÇÃO DA CIRURGIA BARIÁTRICA NO ESTADO DO ACRE PELO SISTEMA ÚNICO DE SAÚDE
Authors: Araújo Célio Clayson Souza de , Martins Nathália Lacerda Galli , Fonseca Camilo Pereira , Biavatti Maria Caroline Vacaro , Rodríguez Valéria Chavez , Lima Ínia Diniz , Medeiros Gabriele Caires de , Lima Letícia Felício , Guerra Neto Fernando Sales , Videira Dayse Mary de Aguiar Barbalho , Menezes Junior Ylêdo Fernandes de , Costa Ruth Silva Lima da
Published: October 2024

A cirurgia bariátrica é uma intervenção médica eficaz no tratamento da obesidade e suas comorbidades. No Brasil, o Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) desempenha um papel fundamental na oferta dessa intervenção. Objetivo:  realizar análise da realização da cirurgia bariátrica no Estado do Acre pelo Sistema Único de Saúde. Método:  trata-se de estudo transversal, retrospectivo e de abordagem quantitativa, que utilizou dados disponíveis no Sistema de Informações Hospitalares (SIH) do Departamento de Informática do SUS (DATASUS). Resultados: Durante o período de estudo foram realizadas 136 cirurgias bariátricas por videolaparoscopia no estado do Acre, todas na capital, Rio Branco. O ano de 2022 destacou-se com 67 procedimentos, representando quase metade do total no período. Em 2023, houve uma redução acentuada para 10 cirurgias, possivelmente devido às limitações de recursos ou outros fatores não explorados. No primeiro semestre de 2024, foram realizadas 28 cirurgias, indicando uma recuperação. Além disso, todos os pacientes foram acompanhados por equipe multiprofissional, essencial para o sucesso do tratamento. Procedimentos estéticos pós-cirurgia, como mamoplastias e dermolipectomias abdominais, foram comuns, enquanto complicações clínicas e cirúrgicas foram raras.   Conclusão: O estudo mostrou variações no número de cirurgias bariátricas no Acre, destacando a importância da equipe multiprofissional para o sucesso do tratamento. Procedimentos estéticos foram comuns e complicações raras. Recomenda-se investigar os fatores por trás das variações e seu impacto na política de saúde.
"Du vet att du vill klappa!"
Authors: Jansson Hanna
Published: October 2024

The Internet has provided knitters with new means to communicate with each other, and thousands of knitting blogs now display and discuss yarn, textile items and knitting projects. This paper discusses the apparent paradox of knitting blogs, and the relation between tactile, material experiences and online narratives and communication. Knitting is carried out, experienced and above all enjoyed through the knitter's body and its sensations; yet by blogging about one's craft it is translated into visual, digital representations online. How can the knitting blogs' photographies and texts communicate the crucial tactile and material qualities of much adored textile items? How can the blogs' readers interpret texts about a practice which ought to be experienced by the body, in order to be fully graspable? I argue that although the material items are translated and "textualized" — from matter to language, from touch to text and from analogue to digital — the audience's own knitting skills provide it with the capacity to "feel" the yarn's texture and softness just by looking and reading. Thus the writers' and readers' bodily competences can transform the Internet from a seemingly solely visual media to an arena for tactile texts and shared embodied practices of material culture.
Kungliga Akademien för de fria konsterna
Authors: Galli Raoul
Published: October 2024

This article is based on fieldwork in a house. It discusses how different forms of capital are being transformed in direct or indirect connection to activities of The Royal Swedish Academy of Fine Arts, some of its members, and some of their social relations. Capital accumulation and transformation in predominantly symbolic economies, such as the field of art production, are normally long-term projects and therefore difficult to grasp through ethnographic observations. Here, the starting point is precisely a set of observations made of different artistic enterprises taking place in and around the Academy's building in central Stockholm. Through the analysis of them an understanding is reached of how financial capital is transformed into field specific capital and, for example, the concept of "brand" is socially used to both explain and somewhat mask the economically interested nature of these enterprises on behalf of sponsors, investors, and producers in the art field.
Att brännmärka en julbock
Authors: Strömberg Per
Published: October 2024

In 1965, merchants built a giant yule goat next to the City Hall of Gävle as a gimmick for the city and the Christmas trade, but it was immediately burnt down by someone unknown. Since then, to burn down the yule goat has become as much traditional thing to do as it is to erect it. People learned about the yule from the repeated burning. It has become an icon for the city and a part of a city brand. But the tradition is highly depending on interactivity with the public. Today, the stage of this interactivity has been culturally up-graded to cyberspace on Internet where the Yule bock-burning is discussed. Gävle's yule goat as a phenomenon follows the dramaturgy of "buzzing" and social interactivity which remind of guerrilla marketing strategies and the so-called Relational art of the contemporary art scene. But there are no more explicit marketing strategies than to make the giant goat available for the public as a conversation piece. The yule goat is handed over to the public. The public makes the yule goat of Gävle.
Kulturbegreppet och diskursanalysen
Authors: Lindqvist Mats
Published: October 2024

About three decades ago it was commonplace within cultural research to define culture in terms of order. In the wake of theoretical and ideological influences of post structuralism and neo-liberalism, this definition became increasingly contested, and became regarded as problematic, as it was argued not to meet the needs of contemporary dominant debates concerning individual differences, mobility and instability. Attempts to adapt the theorization of culture were made by launches of designations such as culture as process, culture building and cultural complexity, but without managing to redeem its difficulty to interact smoothly with current theoretical discourses. In relation to this philosophical and theoretical change, discourse theory and discourse analysis became successively influential in social and cultural research, and within these theories the concept of culture was given no scientific value. If, despite this, it is only mentioned in terms of its negative and difference-making social impact. This article discusses, however, the somewhat bold question if whether a conceptualization of culture, precisely in the sense of order, could indeed have an essential theoretical role to play in the context of post-Marxist discourse theory. This discussion is particularly justified due to the fact that the question of permanence is generally considered under-theorized in discourse theory. After a trial against the related concept of objectivity, the answer to the question is preliminarily affirmative.
Kinetisk kulturanalys
Authors: Kamara Ebrima , Pripp Oscar
Published: October 2024

Kinetic Cultural Analysis is following the object's movement in time and space and from context to context. To follow "African drums and dance" in this sense is to structure the field. To follow the object's paths is a fieldwork practice as well as an analytical method of interpretation. It could also account for the energy transferred to the analysis and interpretation procedures when change exceeding the boundaries between groups, genres and cultural contexts are as interesting as defining the existence of definable "cultures". In this article, our point is to discuss how this "stalker process" helps qualitatively oriented researchers to navigate large and complex fields. We have been able to look back on the pioneers who introduced African drum and dance in Sweden and investigate the object's motion, and the energy it generates in the cultural process which at the same time enhances the transformation of the context.
Etnografiska utfärder i 1700-talets Stockholm
Authors: Lennartsson Rebecka
Published: October 2024

Originally, ethnology identified itself as a historical discipline. Today, however, ethnology has, with few exceptions, become contemporary oriented. While others and new disciplines after the linguistic turn recognized the advantages of combining a historical perspective with an anthropological concept of culture, ethnology seems to have withdrawn itself from the past as a field for cultural analysis. What does it mean to do fieldwork in a disappeared reality? And what — if something — distinguishes a culture analytical approach from other history oriented disciplines? The article's starting point is a model, inspired by Paul Ricoeurs scale variations, and of Roland Barthes method for analyzing three levels of messages. Drawing on the model of different perspectives on and analyzing levels of history, I wish to recapitulate the methods that distinguish a cultural analytical approach to historical materials and to sketch on a method, clarifying different parts of the research process. The aim is to structure and draw up some guidelines for my own work — but also to call for and to initiate a debate, that I consider to be necessary.
På internationellt etnologiskt fältarbete 1970
Authors: Genrup Kurt
Published: October 2024

This article deals with ethnological field research as it developed in the beginning of the 1970s. I myself learned my first steps in connection with Seminarium ethnologicum 1970 in Czechoslovakia. From that date until today ethnologists anywhere have developed this kind of work to perfection but where are the great projects today we dreamed of 1970?
Cykelställsfrågan
Authors: Johansson Ella
Published: October 2024

Through counting the parked and misparked bicycles in a big cycle stand a hypothesis that women should be more inclined to park selfish, taking up more space, is tested. The result shows that the researcher is wrong and that quantitative research has a value also for ethnographers, derived from its exclusive ability to falsify culturally biased judgments and thus point at their cultural origin and significance.
Om att inspireras och om att åstadkomma en kreativ forskningsmiljö
Authors: Klein Barbro
Published: October 2024

This essay concerns the meeting between Billy Ehn and Barbro Klein in 1984 at the Institute for Folklife Research in Stockholm to which both had returned after long absences. The text describes how we inspired each other as scholars and teachers and how we arranged the seminars on reflexivity that eventually led to ‘From experience to text’. This book came to have an unforeseen impact. A conclusion is that the unexpected constellation of energies and scholarly concerns helped shaping an open and inviting research atmosphere. This underscores the importance of serendipitous meetings between scholars with different experiences.
Cigarettpaket och handslag
Authors: Klinkmann Sven-Erik
Published: October 2024

When the cultural analyst tries to understand the meaning of artifacts, their continuous movements in different contexts, he or she is exposed to a force field of strong subjects, objects and predicates. Examples of artifacts and predicates discussed here are: a cigarette case, a chisel, a tin can, a bunker and handshaking.
Alice i Vänsterlandet
Authors: Liliequist Marianne
Published: October 2024

The article is about an auto-ethnographic project that collapsed. The project was meant to be an analysis of the author’s own journey into the world of left politics in the 1970’s. To make personal experiences the focus of cultural analysis felt like something very forbidden and at the same time very satisfying in a personal sense. The author brings forward the rewards that can be reached by auto-ethnographic methods, the rich context and involvement which can be expressed.
Den etnologiska kicken
Authors: Lundgren Anna Sofia , Nilsson Bo
Published: October 2024

Much ethnography is experimental in one way or another, fieldwork practices as well as the written representations. In this text, we use commentaries on thesis drafts as examples in order to track and highlight how supervising and textreadings may be performative in the pursuit of what we would call a kick-seeking ethnography.
Översättningar i rörelse
Authors: Martinsson Lena , Karlsson Rixon Annica
Published: October 2024

An artistic researcher and an ethnologist/gender researcher meet to discuss issues of translation in their respective transnational research projects, translations that never are quite synonymous, but creates gaps and constant alternative linguistic spaces.
Kär och galen
Authors: Meurling Birgitta
Published: October 2024

When reading my grandmother’s diary, written 1918–1920, I became acquainted with her as a person whom I never knew. In the familyfolklore, she is described as a rather passive woman, subordinated to her husband. In her diaries we meet a young woman, who had spent some time in Berlin, lost her fiancé in World War I, returned to Sweden and fallen in love with a young student of law in Uppsala. Her text describes the everyday life, but also her thoughts about having a sexlife or not with her boyfriend. She is here an active part and does not wait until she is married, although she risks getting pregnant. By reading the diary, the notion of my passive grandmother totally faded away.
Vart tog den etnologiska blicken vägen?
Authors: G. Olsson Claes
Published: October 2024

This article discusses ways of looking – directions, intentions and meanings. How can ways of looking cause needless suffering or show empathy and acceptance? Even gazing towards the ground to discover things being lost or thrown can raise thoughts about human conditions and the meaning of objects.
En kubansk cigarrlåda
Authors: Svensson Birgitta
Published: October 2024

This essay is analyzing why a beautiful Cuban cigar box causes ethnological reflexions on the sensuality of everyday reliquaries as well as issues around health, bitter sweet nostalgia and the capacity of things to give stories a material anchor age. The findings support a conclusion that material objects can create both contemporary insights in changes in society and traces back to the past.
Bejaka ditt husdjur och bejaka djuret inom dig!
Authors: Winroth AnnCristin
Published: October 2024

This article presents, analyse and challenge the issue of nature and culture, animal and human, and arguments for a need for sharpening the “etnographic gaze” for the meaning of and exchange between animalish, human and the mixture of them both, in current representations in popular culture.
Kulturella föreställningar om åldrande och femininitet
Authors: Liliequist Marianne
Published: October 2024

There are different discourses concerning women and ageing in the media and within the field of research about elderly people. In the public discourse eldelry women are often associated with depression, poverty and weak health. The popular culture, with its worshipping attitude towards the young, has a great influence on the cultural conceptions of female ageing. At the same time new images of elderly women as desirable and attractive are presented in popular media. These images can be understood as expressions for re-negotiation of what ageing means, but also as age-denying since it is the youthfullness among the elderly which is emphasised as something positive. Many researchers stress the importance of separating the public discourse on ageing, which is found in the media, from the women's own experiences of ageing. Interview studies with elderly women have shown that women's experiences of ageing can appear in a number of different ways depending on life context. This theme issue poses questions on ageing and femininity from a number of stand points by comparing the medial and public discourses with the women's own experiences of ageing.
Mostrar, fastrar och andra livsviktiga tanter
Authors: Wolanik Boström Katarzyna
Published: October 2024

While our close family relationships, e.g. with the parents or siblings, are surrounded by strong cultural norms and requirements, the relations with aunts and other women of "chosen kin" seldom meet strong expectations (Ellingson & Sotirin 2010). The article draws on interviews with two middle-aged Swedish teachers, who reflect on the profound importance of "aunts" in their lives. They tell about how the aunts provided them with extraordinary moments of loving presence and indulgence, practical and existential help, friendship and support in big and small issues - versatile resources vital for their identity and quality of life.
Den åldrande kvinnliga rockartisten — en anomali?
Authors: Liliequist Marianne , Nordström Marika , Liliequist Tove
Published: October 2024

This article analyses what it means to be an ageing female artist in the male dominated world of rock music. Our material consists of gig reviews and interviews. The ageing woman appears like an anomaly because she can no longer fulfill the role of the sex object. Patti Smith seems to be an exception to the rule and that is, among other things, because of her androgynous image.
Mindfulness i självhjälpskulturen – en svårtolkad motsägelse
Authors: Eklöf Jenny
Published: October 2024

This article sheds light on the ways that mindfulness self-help literature carries with it a number of built-in tensions. First, mindfulness questions whether there exists a fixed self, yet the self-help genre’s focus on a You that is encouraged to change – a self that is performing work on itself – seems to reinforce the notion of a self. Second, though mindfulness is demarcated as something different than quick-fix techniques for self-improvement, the reader is presented with numerous techniques and methods for observing, assessing, testing and documenting the self. Third, while destructive thoughts and emotions are not to be “fixed” or resisted, the explicit goal is to become free of them. Finally, although mindfulness refers to our stressful and self-absorbed culture as a problem, part of its cultural dissemination has been through a genre that more than others emphasize self-investigation as a pathway to self-improvement.
Humaniora i kris
Authors: Hemmilä Olavi
Published: October 2024

The current global environmental crisis can potentially deepen the relationship between the human mind and the physical environment. How do environmental issues affect the interpretation of cultural artifacts? In what ways is the environmental crisis challenging the purpose and methods of the humanities? This paper applies the Jungian concepts of enantiodromia and metanoia to humanity’s collective response to the environmental crisis: Everything in life tends to shift from one extreme into its opposite. A personal crisis often implies an opportunity for consciousness to integrate and assimilate material previously unconscious and unprocessed. Furthermore, an individual awakening of this kind reflects a potential collective awakening of humanity. As a result of the environmental crisis, many people perceive nature as threatening. The scholar Simon Estok has termed this condition ecophobia. This paper briefly discusses Estok’s concept of ecophobia in connection to the new school of ecocriticism, which has been defined as the study of the relationship between literature and the physical environment. The paper suggests that ecocriticism is a sign of a major shift in human consciousness, a kind of enantiodromia or metanoia, and suggests that this shift is not so much an intellectual process as a conversion in the classical sense. Scholars within the humanities can contribute to this necessary reorientation, but only after a radical change of attitude, both individually and collectively.
Att teckna ett tankerum
Authors: Beckman Anita
Published: October 2024

The article is about what happens when an ethnographer goes into the field and asks people to fill a small and indeterminate word like waiting with thoughts, experiences and recollections. The author discusses in what ways waiting as a research topic was problematic, but also how she finally did arrive at a slightly different methodology and a more experimental writing method. Waiting as a dynamic intervening space opened unexpected doors into a reflexive ethnography that does not shy away from the existential.
Homo ludens på universitetet
Authors: Jonsson Kjell , Nordlund Christer
Published: October 2024

This essay draws on a paper presented at the Young Academy of Sweden’s workshop “Universities as Creative Environments?” held at the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences on October 17, 2011. Starting with a brief overview about creativity as a concept and as an object of academic study, results from a wide range of research on conditions for creative research environments, past and present, are summarized and discussed. Three findings regarding collaborative scientific research are highlighted: 1) small research groups (4–10 scientists) seem to be more creative than large ones; 2) heterogeneous research groups seem to be more creative than homogeneous ones; and 3) creativity in research groups appears to be stimulated by both “structural instability” (concerning organization and academic freedom) and “structural stability” (concerning trust and long term funding). Furthermore, it is argued that truly creative environments are vulnerable and difficult to create; they typically develop organically, from below, rather than being the result of top-down politics or university management. If these findings are correct – and if creative research is the ultimate goal – there may be reasons to re-think the benefits of large and strictly organised research programs, such as the so-called “centres of excellence”, “strong research environments” and “strategic research fields” so frequently promoted in current European research policy.
Et si l’accès à des données fiables sur le cancer du sein pouvait sauver des vies ?
Authors: Strumpf Erin C. , Perrault Tiffanie
Published: October 2024

Une femme sur huit recevra un diagnostic de cancer du sein au cours de sa vie. Au Canada, le cancer du sein est la deuxième cause de décès par cancer chez les femmes de tous âges, mais la première cause chez les femmes de 30 à 49 ans. Les retards de diagnostic peuvent aggraver la maladie et renforcer les inégalités. Au Québec, les délais de diagnostic sont nettement plus longs qu’en Ontario ou en Alberta où les délais sont les plus courts du pays. Un registre du cancer désuet et un manque de normalisation des soins contribuent aux retards du Québec. Dans cet article, les auteures explorent les capacités, performances et innovations en matière de diagnostic de cancer du sein au Québec et les comparent à celles d’autres provinces. Selon elles, le Québec peut et doit faire mieux en renforçant son engagement à l’égard de politiques novatrices et en développant des méthodes efficaces pour recueillir des données exhaustives, standardisées, à jour et accessibles. Ces efforts sont essentiels, tant pour la planification des soins que pour l’avancement de la recherche.
Large multimodal models assist in psychiatry disorders prevention and diagnosis of students
Authors: Liu Xin-Qiao , Wang Xin , Zhang Hui-Rui
Published: October 2024

Students are considered one of the groups most affected by psychological problems. Given the highly dangerous nature of mental illnesses and the increasingly serious state of global mental health, it is imperative for us to explore new methods and approaches concerning the prevention and treatment of mental illnesses. Large multimodal models (LMMs), as the most advanced artificial intelligence models (i.e. ChatGPT-4), have brought new hope to the accurate prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of psychiatric disorders. The assistance of these models in the promotion of mental health is critical, as the latter necessitates a strong foundation of medical knowledge and professional skills, emotional support, stigma mitigation, the encouragement of more honest patient self-disclosure, reduced health care costs, improved medical efficiency, and greater mental health service coverage. However, these models must address challenges related to health, safety, hallucinations, and ethics simultaneously. In the future, we should address these challenges by developing relevant usage manuals, accountability rules, and legal regulations; implementing a human-centered approach; and intelligently upgrading LMMs through the deep optimization of such models, their algorithms, and other means. This effort will thus substantially contribute not only to the maintenance of students’ health but also to the achievement of global sustainable development goals.
Clinical, scientific and stakeholders’ caring about identity perturbations
Authors: Löffler-Stastka Henriette
Published: October 2024

In this editorial we comment on the article by Zhang et al published in the recent issue of the World Journal of Psychiatry . We focus on identity diffusion, identity perturbations, their origin and developmental pathways. This is an upcoming problem in the society as not only school children are affected. Adolescents and young people suffer from uncertainty in gender identity, in self-image, migration effects due to chronic crises caused by war, pandemic disruptions or climate change. We show how such chronic uncertainty can be cared for, treated, and contained. The key is affective holding, reflection and to provide adequate affective mentalizing in a close concomitant way. These key features also depend on ambient conditions, such as psychotherapeutic care. In a qualitative interview study carried out in a cyclical research design with a comparative analysis on the basis of thematic coding using Grounded Theory Methodology we found institutionalized defenses in health policies. Professionals request better training and adequat academic knowledge as well as research into unresolved areas for improvement of the ambient conditions for adequat development of the self. Practice points for further clinical and scientific development are given and discussed.
Bidirectional relationship between diabetes mellitus and depression: Mechanisms and epidemiology
Authors: Liu Yun , Huang Shi-Yan , Liu De-Le , Zeng Xin-Xing , Pan Xiao-Rui , Peng Jie
Published: October 2024

Diabetes mellitus and depression exhibit a complex bidirectional relationship that profoundly impacts patient health and quality of life. This review explores the physiological mechanisms, including inflammation, oxidative stress, and neuroendocrine dysregulation, that link these conditions. Psychosocial factors such as social support and lifestyle choices also contribute significantly. Epidemiological insights reveal a higher prevalence of depression among diabetics and an increased risk of diabetes in depressed individuals, influenced by demographic variables. Integrated management strategies combining mental health assessments and personalized treatments are essential. Future research should focus on longitudinal and multi-omics studies to deepen understanding and improve therapeutic outcomes.