bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Social regulations and systems in the international agreements and their impact on the Muslim family: CEDAW as a model: اللوائح والأنظمة الاجتماعية في الاتفاقيات الدولية وأثرها على الأسرة المسلمة: اتفاقية سيداو نموذجاً
Authors: Rawan Yahia Alqahs
Published: May 2021

The study aimed to reveal the most prominent social regulations and systems related to the role of parents in the family in the CEDAW Convention, in addition to clarifying the impact of the application of this agreement on the Muslim family. To achieve this, the descriptive analytical approach was used, and content analysis was used as a tool for analysing the articles and clauses contained in the International Convention, and the study was applied to a sample, namely the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women, and this convention was chosen because the majority of its provisions relate to the family in addition to the accession of many Arab and Islamic countries. The study has reached a number of conclusions: The Convention does not take into account the religious and cultural specificity of some societies. The Convention also seeks to impose a secular vision on the world by abolishing the shariah provisions relating to the family. They call for the abuse of men over women in the family by changing the roles of women and men in the family and by establishing the principle of power-sharing and responsibility among them. In addition to imposing the Western family model on the world by taking away the guardianship of fathers over children. The government's decision to amend the Law on The Rights of Women and The Rights of Women is a matter of priority. The convention also calls for women's freedom to travel and Muslim countries have given women the right to travel without the guardian's permission, which, if exploited negatively, will affect family construction. The study made some recommendations, the most important of which were: raising families' awareness of family rights and duties in the light of the teachings of Islam through various media. The formation of a committee of various disciplines (political, religious and social) to study the content of international conventions of various dimensions before signing them.
Geographical Atlases and activate their role in the Educational process: Between reality and expected: الأطالس الجغرافية وتفعيل دورها في العملية التعليمية بين الواقع والمأمول
Authors: Fatemah Mohmmed Fayez
Published: May 2021

This cartographic study aimed to show the importance of geographic atlas as an educational tool that contributes to building spatial awareness and difficulties that prevented its use in teaching social education in general and geography in particular in general education schools as a supporting reference in general education and the most important technical elements of atlas maps to achieve effective cartographic communication for the user, Or the recipient according to the educational stage and age to which he belongs. The opinions of some teachers and students were also reviewed through the field، where an experimental approach was relied upon to experiment with some presentation tools and graphic symbols in a sample of atlases in order to find out the most suitable for student samples and the most suitable for their level of inclinations. the reasons that led to this kind of deficiency in understanding the purpose of the design of the atlas for the teacher and the student The views of some teachers and students were reviewed through the field and it was clear through the presentation and evaluation of users of some atlases and the level of acceptance towards the use of educational atlas in Saudi Arabia.  It was found through the use of the critical curriculum and the presentation of the status quo of the Saudi educational atlas in the educational process the students are still experiencing some difficulties during their study of social education material these reasons have been identified and attempted to avoid them by raising awareness of the importance of the atlas and developing students' skills to understand its contents, It shows that atlases are not used in the educational process despite their cognitive importance, Most of the opinions tended to the need to activate the role of the Atlas as an educational means aimed at improving the delivery of geographic and historical information by the teacher and expand students' understanding of the understanding These opinions were also thoroughly analyzed statistically by relying on the descriptive and analytical method to know the deficiencies in the available atlases that prevented it from being used in teaching by teachers and students, This approach was also used to evaluate the results of the questionnaires conducted on the sample of the study from (students، teachers and owners of experience), Where the Sample was agreed on the possibility of benefiting from the atlas in the educational process more broadly، and the study was concluded with the presentation of results and recommendations.
التقييم النوعي للتعرية المائية بمنخفض آيت أعتاب بالأطلس الكبير الأوسط/ المغرب
Authors: بوعزة سلاك , الخالقي يحيى , جعى فريد , عارف سعيد
Published: May 2021

تناولت الدراسة التقييم النوعي للتعرية المائية بمنخفض آيت أعتاب، من خلال دراسة أساليب التعرية المائية والأشكال الناجمة عنها، باستعمال نظم المعلومات الجغرافية وطريقة "ZERMOS" بالخصوص من أجل دراسة التعرية المحتملة كمرحلة أولية. والعمل الميداني، والصور الجوية وخريطة التعرية المحتملة المنجزة من أجل إنجاز خريطة التعرية الحالية والأشكال الناتجة عنها كمرحلة ثانية. وقد خلصت هذه الدراسة إلى أن منخفض آيت أعتاب يمثل مجالا خصبا لدراسة التعرية المائية بكل أشكالها، وأبرزت النتائج هيمنة التعرية الخطية خاصة التخديد بنسبة 8.55%، والسلان المنتشر بنسبة 63.69% والتعرية الضعيفة بنسبة 23.53%، والانهيارات الصخرية بنسبة %3.52. في حين سجلت الانزلاقات نسبة 0.70%، وتقويض الضفاف بنسبة ضئيلة بلغت 0.02%، كما تبين أن العامل الطبوغرافي والصخاري وتدخل الإنسان لعبوا دورا مهما في توزيع أشكال التعرية.
Indonesia’s Border Security and Political Nationalism Means in Dealing with Nationalism Problem at Indonesia-Malaysia Border Area (2009-2014)
Authors: Sudagung Adityo Darmawan
Published: May 2021

This paper aimed to examine Indonesia's means in 2009-2014 to deal with Indonesian nationalism problem at West Kalimantan-Sarawak border. The means of it divided into two categories: securing the border and political nationalism. The disparity between Indonesian and Malaysian at West Borneo-Sarawak border became the cause of societal security problem. National identity problem showed with the rising problem of Indonesian people nationalism at the research site. The research method used in this paper was a qualitative method with a descriptive case study technic. Data collection did by interview and documentation study. Securing the border means was done by guarding the border area and state frontier. Added by the diplomacy toward Malaysia in border issues. Political nationalism means was done firstly by showing state attention and existence. This means was done by doing physical development and delivering aid. Secondly, by giving education and empowerment to the people. Indonesia has done some means to deal with nationalism problem. However, there were still some obstacles, such as coordination and communication problem, human resources quality, and the lack of commitment.
Sauraja Pattojo
Authors: Abidah Andi , Lehner Erich
Published: May 2021

Pattojo is a small kingdom in the past, and at this time, Pattojo was called village of Pattojo. The Kingdom of Pattojo is also called ke-datu-an Pattojo whose the king or queen was called datu. To be a king or queen, one must of the highest Nobel or Datu title. Bugis house is identical to the stilt on the house and the rectangular facet is elongated. The house's mention in the bugis tribe has a difference between the noble house and the ordinary people's house. The noble house is called saoraja (Sao=house, raja=big so that saoraja is a big house), and the people's house is called the bola. Generally, noble houses in ancient times were larger than ordinary people's houses. This research is a study on the form of Bugis noble house or king's private house (saoraja datu pattojo: local language) built before Indonesia's independence. The form of façade the arrangement of space in the house has nothing in common with the original Bugis house. It may indicate that the king's house did not follow the original form of Bugis house but has combined between the Bugis and European architecture. Some things that are very clearly undergoing a change from the original of Bugis house is the roof, position of the stairs, there is an arc shape on the underside of the house, and the arrangement of the room has also undergone changes.
Participatory Design for Accessible Evacuation Centre for Flood Victims in Kelantan
Authors: W Seman Wan Mohamad Amin Bin , Abdul Rahim Asiah , Tukiman Izawati
Published: May 2021

Malaysia has been experienced with many natural disasters such as flood, landslide, earthquake and drought, which resulted in damaging the properties and causing casualties especially during the biggest flooding affected over 36,128 families was in 2014 at East Coast of Malaysia mainly in Kelantan. Public buildings such as schools, religious buildings, including mosques or community halls, have been used as evacuation centres in Malaysia every year. Many studies identified many evacuees were facing many problems, particularly in terms of physical facilities, such as providing improper assistance in terms of facilities, privacy, and many others. This paper objectives are firstly, to review the requirements of the physical facilities for evacuation centre, secondly to assess the components of the physical facilities for evacuation centre and finally to propose the criteria of physical facilities for evacuation centre. A qualitative approach was adopted, and data were collected through observation, interview and secondary data through literature analysis. Three case studies in Kelantan were chosen based on three categories which are small capacity (Veteriner office, Kuala Krai), medium-capacity (Sekolah Menengah Kebangsaan Keroh, Kuala Krai) and big capacity (Sekolah Menengah Kebangsaan Agama Lati, Pasir Mas). The data were analysed to assess the physical facilities provided in the evacuation centre to facilitate the flood victims. The benefit of this research is to give awareness to flood victim for future disaster through technology, management, physical and mental. Thus, evacuation centre is important to create comfortable, privacy and rehabilitated environment to serve the flood victims physically and mentally.
PENGARUH KINERJA KEUANGAN, RISK BASED CAPITAL, UKURAN PERUSAHAAN DAN MAKROEKONOMI TERHADAP FINANCIAL DISTRESS
Authors: Nilasari Agustina
Published: May 2021

ABSTRACTThis research intends to examine the effect of insurance company financial ratios, namely solvency margin ratio, risk based capital, firm size, inflation and exchange rate on the estimated financial distress of life insurance companies. As well as general public listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange from 2015 to 2019. This research is important considering that there have been cases of default by insurance companies. The research information in this research is secondary data obtained in the annual report which is sourced from BEI website and insurance company websites. The sample technique in this research is a purposive sampling technique, there are 35 samples that meet the standards to become samples. Insurance companies experiencing financial distress are determined based on the non-manufacturing Altman Z-score method. Multiple linear regression is the research technique chosen by researchers. This research results in the conclusion that only the firm size variable has an influence on financial distress estimates. The independent variables are able to explain the financial distress variable as much as 32.8%, the deficiency as much as 67.2%, which illustrates the variables that cannot be taken into account in the analysis of this study.                                                 ABSTRAKRiset ini bermaksud untuk menelaah pengaruh rasio keuangan perusahaan asuransi yakni solvency margin ratio (SMR), risk based capital (RBC), ukuran perusahaan (UK), inflasi (INF) serta nilai tukar (NT) terhadap perkiraan timbulnya keadaan financial distress perusahaan asuransi jiwa serta umum yang tercatat pada Bursa Efek Indonesia dari rentang waktu 2015 sampai 2019. Penelitian ini penting mengingat adanya kasus gagal bayar perusahaan asuransi. Informasi penelitian di dalam riset ini merupakan data sekunder yang didapatkan pada annual report yang bersumber dari website BEI serta website perusahaan asuransi. Teknik sampel di dalam riset ini merupakan teknik purposive sampling, terdapat 35 sampel yang memenuhi standar untuk menjadi sampel. Perusahaan asuransi yang mengalami financial distress ditentukan berdasarkan metode Altman Z-score non manufaktur. Regresi linier berganda menjadi teknik penelitian yang dipilih oleh peneliti. Riset ini menghasilkan kesimpulan bahwa hanya variabel ukuran perusahaan (UK) yang ada pengaruh terhadap perkiraan financial distress. Variabel bebas mampu memaparkan variabel financial distress sebanyak 32,8%, kekurangan sebanyak 67,2% digambarkan variabel yang tidak dapat diperhitungkan di dalam analisis penelitian ini.
Enhancement of the Cognitive Abilities in Visually Impaired Children Following a Yoga Based Intervention
Authors:   Molecular Biology and Genetics, D Kanchibhotla ,   Executive Director, Sri Sri Institute for Advanced Research, India, S Subramanian ,   Medical Microbiology; Research Associate, Sri Sri Institute for Advanced Research, India, S Kulkarni ,   Statistician, Sri Sri Institute for Advanced Research, India
Published: May 2021

Background: Perception and cognition in individuals are directly linked to the sensory organs. Yogic practices and meditation are known to calm the mind and enhance the cognitive abilities in an individual. Objective: In visually impaired children, academic performance is affected by their loss of vision. The present study is a pilot study to understand the improvement in verbal recall memory of children with visual impairment following the practice of a yogic module. Methods: The study was a pre-post single arm study of 113 children from a blind school in Surat who underwent a seven hour yoga and pranayama-based workshop. The intervention included three ancient techniques, viz. pranayama (breathing techniques), super brain yoga and yoga nidra (supine relaxation). Assessment of the verbal memory was done using Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test (RAVLT). Subjects were tested for verbal memory recall before and after the intervention. Results: Results indicated a significant improvement in the retention and recall memory of the participants post intervention (p value <0.001). Both genders demonstrated an equivalent performance after the intervention. Conclusion: The results indicate that such holistic techniques play a positive role in improving the academic performance of visually impaired children.
A Case of Recurrent Coronary Artery Restenosis Associated with Suspected Arteritis in a Young Woman
Authors:   Department of Cardiology, Fuwai Hospital, China, S Wanqing , Z Hongliang ,   Department of Cardiology, Fuwai Hospital, China, W Yongjian ,   Department of Cardiology, Fuwai Hospital, China
Published: May 2021

Approximately 5% of patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction (AMI) do not have atherosclerotic Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) but present other factors responsible for luminal narrowing. A 24-year-old woman presented with angina and AMI without any known risk factors and recurrent coronary restenosis in the 7 year-follow-up period. Thorough tests revealed no suggestive factors besides increased amounts of tumor necrosis factor-a and interleukins. A diagnosis of arteritis was suspected. Therefore, glucocorticoid and immunosuppressor administration was performed, and the patient’s condition was relieved. Severe coronary artery disease with smooth distal coronary vessels in a young female without apparent risk factors could suggest a non-atherosclerotic etiology.
White Paper Cell Cultured Meat
Authors:   Optimeter, Oyak sitesi 1.kisim 11b blok da: 4, Sefakoy, Istanbul, Turkey, E Kurt , E Klont ,   Optimeter, Oyak sitesi 1.kisim 11b blok da: 4, Sefakoy, Istanbul, Turkey, O Ergun ,   Optimeter, Oyak sitesi 1.kisim 11b blok da: 4, Sefakoy, Istanbul, Turkey, R Klont ,   Optimeter, Oyak sitesi 1.kisim 11b blok da: 4, Sefakoy, Istanbul, Turkey
Published: May 2021

FAO forecasts that the global meat production needs to increase by 50% to provide quality protein for the ten billion people living on planet earth by 2050. Meat fits in a healthy diet and is a good source of essential proteins, B-vitamins and several minerals (i.e. selenium and iron). A growing world population will require in 2050 about twice more food, produced on twice less arable land. Good digestible proteins may be a limiting factor in the future. Meat production is seen as less sustainable with negatives impacts on animal welfare. There is a search for alternative proteins to replace part of the animal proteins that are currently used in abundance in the diet of most developed and affluent countries.
Synthesis and Characterization of a Cobalt(III) Corrole with an Sbound DMSO Ligand
Authors: Neuman Nicolás I. , Hazari Arijit Singha , Beerhues Julia , Doctorovich Fabio , Vaillard Santiago E. , Sarkar Biprajit
Published: May 2021

A cobalt(III) corrole complex with an apical dmso ligand is presented. Crystallographic and spectroscopic data are used to unequivocally establish the dmso(O) vs. dmso(S) coordination in this complex. Wave function based methods were used to calculate the frontier orbitals for the complexes with O-bound and S-bound dmso ligands. Electrochemical properties of the complex is presented as well.
МЕХАНИЗМЫ РАЗВИТИЯ ВАСКУЛОПАТИИ У БОЛЬНЫХ САХАРНЫМ ДИАБЕТОМ И ГИПОТИРЕОЗОМ И ВОЗМОЖНЫЕ ПУТИ ЕЕ КОРРЕКЦИИ
Authors: Зубов А. Д. , Зятьева А. П.
Published: May 2021

В настоящее время актуален вопрос изучения аспектов коморбидности сахарного диабета и гипотиреоза. Гипотиреоз оказывает дополнительное отрицательное влияние на показатели углеводного, липидного обмена, функцию эндотелия, течение артериальной гипертензии у больных сахарным диабетом и способствует более раннему развитию микро- и макроваскулярных осложнений. Одним из ведущих факторов развития данных осложнений является эндотелиальная дисфункция, которая обусловлена активацией инициаторов повреждения эндотелия – полиморфноядерных нейтрофилов. В результате гипергликемии и изменения осмотических свойств крови полиморфноядерные нейтрофилы при взаимодействии с рецепторами межклеточной адгезии прикрепляются к эндотелию сосудов. Миграция полиморфноядерных нейтрофилов в субэндотелиальный слой с его повреждением возможна только в случае взаимодействия с рецептором CD31.Допустимо предположить, что наиболее эффективная коррекция эндотелиальной дисфункции при сахарном диабете второго типа и гипотиреозе возможна в результате ингибирования рецептора CD31. В качестве ингибитора возможно использование тиреоидных гормонов и их аналогов, что требует дополнительных исследований.
СОВРЕМЕННЫЕ ПОДХОДЫ К ОЦЕНКЕ КАЧЕСТВА ЖИЗНИ ДЕТЕЙ С АРТЕРИАЛЬНОЙ ГИПЕРТЕНЗИЕЙ
Authors: Дубовая А. В. , Науменко Ю. В.
Published: May 2021

В данной статье представлены данные отечественной и зарубежной литературы об оценке качества жизни детей с общей и кардиальной патологией. Для оценки КЖ детей с общей и кардиальной патологией возможно использовать опросники PedsQL-4.0, CHQ, KYNDL, САН и EuroQol, являющиеся общими. Существует потребность в разработке специальных опросников для оценки КЖ детей и подростков с артериальной гипертензией.
ОРГАНИЗАЦИЯ МЕДИЦИНСКОЙ ЭВАКУАЦИИ БЕРЕМЕННЫХ ЖЕНЩИН, РОЖЕНИЦ И РОДИЛЬНИЦ ПРИ НЕОТЛОЖНЫХ СОСТОЯНИЯХ
Authors: Городник Г. А. , Мельников А. Ю. , Кабанько Т. П. , Смирнова Н. Н. , Костенко В. С. , Агафонов Ю. Н.
Published: May 2021

В практическом здравоохранении довольно часто возникает необходимость в эвакуации тяжелых больных из одного лечебного учреждения в другое, более высокого уровня. Наиболее часто такая необходимость появляется в разделе «Акушерство и гинекология». При развитии острых критических состояний, угрожающих жизни беременной, роженицы или родильницы, вызванных патологией беременности, родового акта или экстрагенитальной патологией, наряду с оказанием экстренной медицинской помощи нередко возникает необходимость в срочной госпитализации этих женщин в специализированную клинику. На сегодняшний день 65-70% пациенток, консультированных специализированными выездными бригадами, переводятся в перинатальные центры II и III уровня оказания медицинской помощи. 50-летний опыт работы выездной бригады экстренной помощи в акушерстве позволил разработать методические подходы к организации медицинской эвакуации беременных женщин, рожениц и родильниц, находящихся в критическом состоянии. В статье изложены рекомендации по безопасной межбольничной транспортировке пациенток, находящихся в критическом состоянии, с использованием специализированных выездных бригад.
ДИНАМИКА АКТИВНОСТИ СИСТЕМНОГО ВОСПАЛИТЕЛЬНОГО ОТВЕТА ПОД ВЛИЯНИЕМ ЛЕЧЕНИЯ У ГОРНОРАБОЧИХ УГОЛЬНЫХ ШАХТ ДОНБАССА, СТРАДАЮЩИХ ПЫЛЕВОЙ ХОБЛ С ДИСЛИПИДЕМИЕЙ
Authors: Ляшенко Е. Г. , Мухин И. В.
Published: May 2021

Цель исследования заключалась в анализе влияния трех режимов терапии на показатели активности системного воспалительного ответа у больных хронической обструктивной болезнью легких пылевой этиологии с дислипидемией. У больных установлена гиперактивность системного воспалительного ответа. Гипербарическая оксигенация как компонент комплексной краткосрочной лечебно-реабилитационной программы позволяет достоверно уменьшить активность системного воспаления более эффективно, чем ингаляционная терапия бета-2 агонистами и глюкокортикоидными гормонами.
Indonesia-Russia Strategic Partnership in Southeast Asia Region
Authors: Manurung Hendra
Published: May 2021

This paper aims to elaborate Indonesia and Russia bilateral relations, which closer post March 2018, after both countries leaders in Moscow agree accelerating the draft of the new strategic partnership agreement. Foreign Ministers Retno Marsudi and Sergey Lavrov signed a Plan of Consultation 2017 to 2019 pursued at bilateral interactions intensification. Kremlin views Jakarta as regional influential power and able to become dominant regional actor in Southeast Asian. This paper revealed, through Russia with ASEAN dialogue partnership, thus, a road map under working framework in strengthening closer relations along with mutual benefits pursued by Jakarta and Moscow also should be implemented and proceed further.
Comparative Analysis of Indonesia-China High Speed Train and KTX Korea-France: A Sustainable Development for Locals or Reconfiguring Other Interests
Authors: Mulyaman Darynaufal , Damarçanti Kanya , Sampeliling Aldrin Rocky
Published: May 2021

This study undermines a recent development of joint-cooperation between Indonesia and China regarding high-speed railway and its supporting constructions. New dedicated railway, train technology, and Transit Oriented Development (TOD) are part of the initial project, which planned concurrently along the projected area. All of these new railway and TODs are new and distant from already built residences and business centers. These study breakdowns how the Indonesia-China High Speed Train project were initiated and explaining vital factors that surrounds it. Reflecting on how Korea and France dealt with KTX (Korean Train Express) project, the TODs, railways, and train technology compare to Indonesia-China High Speed Train project, Indonesia-China project appears not sustainable and driven by other political and economical will.
The Impact of IFAD’s Involvement as an Inter-Governmental Organisation in the Livelihood of Moroccan Family-Farms
Authors: Nicimbikije Gwladys , Dewi Elisabeth
Published: May 2021

Family farming exists overall and each has its own unicity in term of managing the farm operations, farm size, productivity, socio-economic conditions, local knowledge and geographical location besides the externalities such as depletion of resources exacerbated by the climate change. Hence, the following question drove the authors: “to what extent of involvement are intergovernmental organization concerned with farmers’ livelihood in Morocco?” Therefore, this research purpose outlines the role of family farming and their characteristics; challenges of farming livelihood and productivity in Morocco; and IFAD’s support for inclusive rural transformation. The authors hold view that family farming with higher on-farm innovative inputs of processing activities can expect increased yield. The findings revealed that IFAD’s global governance endowed by modern corporation, -corporate governance for instance, - enables participation of rural beneficiaries in their projects thus increases their self-management onto (environmental) natural resources and sustainability. Skills, training, innovation and technologies allow them to diversify and intensify their agricultural holdings hence access to new markets and cope with the ecological risks though there is limitation with the innovation and services extension.
Whats drive someone to share their knowledge? Indonesia virtual community case
Authors: Satria Deki
Published: May 2021

A virtual community is one form of Community of Practices that resides on the internet. This community consists of people who share problems or interests in specific topics. A lot of knowledge comes from this kind of community where the members shared their knowledge voluntarily. Knowledge itself is a valuable resource that gives the owner have an advantage. This research tried to observe what are the driver of this behavior. Knowing these variables could help the organization in defining knowledge sharing system functionality. The variables collected using PRISMA Systematic Literature Review (SLR) protocols, and the hypotheses tested using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). From this research, we observed that self-efficacy and supporting others significantly influence someone to share their knowledge.
Percepção e conhecimento de profissionais de unidades básicas da saúde sobre acessibilidade das pessoas com deficiência
Authors: Sedlmaier Bruna Martins Grassi , Mourão Denise Machado , Ferreira Cristiane Gomes , Silveira Carla Ladeira Gomes da , Borges Grasiely Faccin
Published: May 2021

O objetivo deste estudo é avaliar a percepção e o conhecimento dos profissionais de Unidades Básicas de Saúde (UBSs) sobre a acessibilidade das Pessoas com Deficiência (PcD) e sua assistência nos serviços. A pesquisa é um estudo transversal, quanti-qualitativo em que foi realizada entrevista semiestruturada com 30 questões. Com base nas entrevistas de 53 participantes, identificou-se que quase metade alegou não conhecer a legislação sobre os direitos das PcD, 44% relataram ter alguma dificuldade ou dúvida sobre o atendimento da PcD, 45,3% afirmaram que não havia distinção no acolhimento da PcD aos demais usuários e apenas 37,7% afirmaram que a PcD tinha prioridade no acolhimento. Concluiu-se, portanto, que o conhecimento dos profissionais das UBSs sobre acessibilidade e assistência da PcD nos serviços de saúde precisa ser aprimorado, para que o cuidado seja resolutivo, de forma a valorizar a autonomia e independência das PcD.
Associations between caesarean births and breastfeeding in the Middle East: a scoping review
Authors: Sodeno Miho , Tappis Hannah , Burnham Gilbert , Ververs Mija
Published: May 2021

Background: There is a paucity of published studies on factors influencing feeding practices for infants and young children born via caesarean section. Aims: To assess whether the mode of childbirth affects early initiation and exclusive breastfeeding, and to identify factors that positively or negatively influence breastfeeding after caesarean births in selected countries in the Middle East. Methods: We conducted a scoping review of publicly available population-based surveys and peer-reviewed literature on the associations between birthing mode and breastfeeding published between 2000 and 2018. The search identified 33 demographic surveys and 16 studies containing information on the mode of childbirth and breastfeeding in selected countries in the Middle East listed in PubMed, Embase, and CINAHL databases. Searches were completed in March 2019. Results: Demographic surveys in 6 participating Middle Eastern countries demonstrated increased rates of births by caesarean section. All 3 countries with ≥ 3 datasets available demonstrated that early initiation of breastfeeding was less likely after caesarean section than after vaginal births. Eleven studies analysed differences in breastfeeding outcomes between caesarean section and vaginal births, and all of them identified significant differences between birthing modes. Five studies addressed factors influencing breastfeeding after caesarean births. Conclusion: Caesarean births are associated with a higher risk of delayed initiation of breastfeeding as well as early cessation of exclusive breastfeeding.
Pemanfaatan Pustaka Digital dalam Meningkatkan Kemampuan Membaca ermulaan Siswa Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Bua Agustinus Toding
Published: May 2021

Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian tindakan kelas. Penelitian tindakan kelas digunakan untuk memperbaiki proses dan hasil dalam pembelajaran. Penelitian ini terdiri atas 3 langkah yaitu (1) perencanaan, (2) pelaksanaan dan observasi, serta (3) refleksi. Penelitian ini dilakukan berdasarkan masalah yang ditemukan bahwa kurangnya kemampuan membaca permulaan siswa dan kurangnya ketersediaan buku bacaan yang digunakan untuk membantu proses pembelajaran membaca. Oleh karena itu, peneliti ingin memberikan solusi dengan menggunakan pustaka digital sebagai salah satu alternatif untuk menyediakan sumber bacaan bagi siswa dengan pilihan yang beragam dan sesuai dengan perjenjangan. Penggunakan pustaka digital ini diharapkan dapat meningkatkan kemampuan membaca permulaan bagi siswa kelas awal di SDN 007 Tarakan
Relation between soil solution composition and petiole cellular extract of crops in western Mexico
Authors: Benavides-Mendoza Adalberto , De Alba-Romenus Karim , Francisco-Francisco Nazario
Published: May 2021

Crop fertilization greatly impacts food production. However, insufficient applications can lead to poor yields. On the other hand, an excessive application leads to soil and aquifers pollution. In this paper, field studies were carried out to determine the ranges of mineral concentration and the interaction of the ions in the soil solution (SS) and the petiole cellular extract (PCE) in several cultures established in the states of Guanajuato, Colima and Jalisco, Mexico. The hypothesis states that there is a causal relationship between the mineral composition of the soil solution (SS) and the minerals and total soluble solids (TSS) in petiole cellular extract (PCE). The following cultures were studied in this research: avocado, blueberry, broccoli, cauliflower, raspberry, strawberry, lettuce, cantaloupe, papaya, and pepper. For each culture, PCE samples and SS samples using a press to break tissue and ceramic tip lysimeters were obtained. The results were processed to obtain ranges of variation within 50% of the closest values to the median. Correlations between the several ion concentrations were analyzed using analysis of variance. The results showed values (mg L-1) of NO3- (40-620), PO43- (17-66), K+ (3-377), Ca2+ (27-582), Na+ (15.3-500), Mg2+ (10-53), Fe3+ (0.6‑1.8), and Zn2+ (2.8-7.4) in soil solution, which allowed obtaining values of NO3- (27-9225), K+ (820-9375), Ca2+ (1.0-650), Na+ (25-620) and TSS (2-13 °Brix) in petiole cellular extract of petiole. Statistically significant correlations were observed between the concentrations of the SS ions regarding the concentrations in PCE in crops suggesting a relationship between the plant nutritive assimilation and cations or anions present in soil solution. The conclusion derived from this study is that ionic concentration ranges registered in the SS and in the PCE provide an approximation to the ranges of nutritional sufficiency for the horticultural crops established in the summer-winter in western Mexico.
NAWANI AND NUKONI APPLICATIONS FOR SUPPORTING SMALL AND MEDIUM MICRO ENTERPRISES IN GUNUNGKIDUL DISTRICT
Authors: Pujiastuti Asih , Ayuningtyas Astika , Kusumaningrum Anggraini , Saputra Adetya Dyas
Published: May 2021

Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSME) can be defined as a productive business that can be owned by individuals or business entities and has met the criteria as a micro business. UMKM is one of the spearheads of an independent economy that has great development potential, so that the existence of MSMEs can strengthen the people's economy. One area that has a lot of MSMEs is Gunungkidul Regency which is located in the Special Region of Yogyakarta. There are many obstacles in the UMKM business in Gunungkidul Regency, one of which is in marketing and product management. Support from the technological side is needed to increase the pace of the MSME economy. One form of technology support is an inventory application that can help MSMEs in managing product stocks and supporting product marketing. Applications named Nawani and Nukoni can make it easier for MSME business players in marketing products. Nawani functions to market UMKM products and perform stock management, while Nukoni functions as a catalog for MSME products. Based on the test obtained using a Likert Scale, Nawani has a score of 78.8% for the Function Test and the UI / UX Test of 69.6%, while Nukoni has a score of 85.3% for the Function Test and the UI / UX Test for 70.2%, so that both applications are running and suitable for use by both parties.
A SUSTENTABILIDADE NA REUTILIZAÇÃO DE RESÍDUOS DE PALLETS DE MADEIRA NO SETOR SUPERMERCADISTA
Authors: Doliveira Sergio Luis Dias , Massuga Flavia , Soares Simone , Ribeiro Raquel Tatiane de Fátima Pendek
Published: May 2021

Devido à grande exploração antrópica aos recursos naturais, causada pelo modo de produção atual, houve um aumento da preocupação com questões sustentáveis. Dentre essas preocupações encontra-se a destinação dos resíduos sólidos, gerados em grande quantidade e muitas vezes descartados de forma inapropriada. Observando esta realidade e considerando o grande uso de pallets pelas empresas devido a sua eficácia logística, este trabalho possui como objetivo de compreender como é realizada a destinação final e/ou reutilização de Pallets já descartados e sem uso em uma empresa do ramo supermercadista do Paraná e sua relação com a sustentabilidade. A operacionalização se deu, por meio de um estudo de caso, no qual foi realizada uma entrevista semiestruturada com o responsável gerencial da organização. Como resultados, observa-se que o descarte dos pallets ocorre pela queima, sendo admitida como uma prática não sustentável. Além disso, são reconhecidas alternativas capazes de atender aos pilares da sustentabilidade, entretanto observa-se o desinteresse da alta administração quanto à essas questões, devido à justificativas financeiras e estruturais, não entendimento completo do termo sustentabilidade e dificuldades de mensuração dos benefícios.
Malformación arteriovenosa de alto flujo en un adulto joven: reporte de caso
Authors: Rodriguez-Londoño Nefi Helaman
Published: May 2021

Introducción. Las malformaciones arteriovenosas son lesiones relativamente raras e infrecuentes. Se caracterizan por presentar un aumento anormal en el número de vasos sanguíneos como consecuencia de un defecto en el desarrollo vascular. Constituyen un desafío diagnóstico y terapéutico para el médico tratante. Su incidencia es de alrededor el 1.5% de la población general. Dentro de las opciones terapéuticas se incluye la embolización selectiva, la resección quirúrgica o ambas. El objetivo del presente artículo es reportar un caso de una patología poco frecuente y hacer una revisión literaria del tema para arrojar luz sobre su diagnóstico. Reporte de caso. Se presenta el caso de un paciente adulto joven que consulta por presentar una masa en glúteo derecho de 6 años de evolución. Esta es diagnosticada erróneamente como lipoma, por lo que se lleva al paciente a cirugía sin la realización de imágenes diagnósticas previas. En la cirugía, el paciente presenta choque hipovolémico. Posteriormente, se documenta la masa como malformación arteriovenosa profunda. Discusión. Es poco usual la ubicación de dichas malformaciones en los miembros inferiores, como en el paciente del actual caso. El diagnóstico de estas lesiones puede ser clínico, pero requiere del conocimiento o sospecha de esta entidad, ya que pueden ser lesiones clínicamente no visibles, lo que lleva a que pasen inadvertidas o se diagnostiquen de forma errónea. Conclusión. Aunque se trata de una patología poco frecuente, esta puede generar repercusiones clínicas, físicas, psicológicas y estéticas importantes, por lo que es indispensable realizar adecuados métodos por imágenes que permitan establecer su correcto diagnóstico y manejo.
Percepción de adolescentes sobre consumo de sustancias psicoactivas en entornos escolares. Estudio cualitativo
Authors: Enriquez-Guerrero Carolina Lucero , Barreto-Zorza Yenny Marcela , Lozano-Vélez Lupita , Ocampo-Gómez María Antonia
Published: May 2021

Introducción. El consumo de sustancias psicoactivas en los adolescentes genera efectos negativos en el individuo, familia y desarrollo. El objetivo del presente trabajo es describir la percepción de los adolescentes, sobre los problemas, causas y consecuencias frente al consumo de sustancias psicoactivas en el entorno escolar. Metodología. Estudio cualitativo, exploratorio, desarrollo de siete grupos focales. Muestra por conveniencia hasta saturación de datos. Participaron de manera voluntaria cuarenta adolescentes de un colegio público de Bogotá, previo consentimiento informado y asentimiento. Guía de 10 preguntas  sobre el consumo de psicoactivos. Se hicieron grabaciones de audio y transcripciones, análisis inductivo e interpretativo. Resultados. Se recolectaron datos de adolescentes entre 10 a 13 años de edad. Estos datos se clasificaron en 3 categorías definidas previamente: 1) problema, 2) causas y 3) consecuencias. En la primera emergió una subcategoría; en la segunda y en la tercera, emergieron dos subcategorías. Discusión. Estudios confirman que las causas del consumo de sustancias psicoactivas son maltrato intrafamiliar y bullying, las cuales generan afectaciones a nivel físico y mental. A diferencia de lo reportado en la literatura, los adolescentes no perciben a sus pares y familiares como un factor protector. Conclusión. Desde la percepción de los adolescentes, el acceso al consumo de psicoactivos en entornos escolares es fácil y algunas veces se da por personas externas. Se constituye en un problema conexo con la familia y de las relaciones sociales. Destacan como causas el maltrato intrafamiliar, violencia y bullying.Como consecuencias perciben afectación del desempeño académico, la salud física y psicológica.
Morbilidad neonatal extrema y sus desenlaces en un hospital de alta complejidad en el 2013
Authors: Delgado-Beltrán Angélica María , Beltrán-Avendaño Mónica Andrea , Pérez-Vera Luis Alfonso
Published: May 2021

Introducción. La Morbilidad neonatal extrema se refiere a cualquier evento ocurrido en los primeros veintiocho días de vida con riesgo vital inminente. Es multifactorial, son relevantes los retrasos en la atención. En 2010 se describió por primera vez como indicador de salud pública en Brasil. Metodología. Estudio transversal en un hospital de alta complejidad en el año 2013. Se revisaron las características sociodemográficas y asistenciales, los eventos de morbilidad y sus desenlaces, el indicador mismo, la mortalidad neonatal y los retrasos en la atención (tipos I - IV). Resultados. Ingresaron 1,190 neonatos, se presentaron 120 casos y se analizaron los primeros 60 por saturación de datos. La tasa de morbilidad neonatal extrema fue de 59 por cada 1,000 nacidos vivos y la de mortalidad de 13.9, similares a las brasileñas y superiores a las nacionales (33 por cada 1,000). Los eventos más importantes con respecto a mortalidad fueron peso menor de 1,500 gramos, ventilación mecánica, Apgar menor de 7 a los 5 minutos y malformaciones congénitas. Los retrasos en las madres fueron predominantemente de tipo I (45.4%) por pobre control prenatal. El retraso neonatal más frecuente fue el tipo IV (40%), por mala adherencia a protocolos institucionales. Discusión. El indicador local fue mayor que el nacional por la complejidad institucional y los retrasos en la atención, los cuales causaron saturación estadística. Se puede mejorar con mayor adherencia a estrategias existentes como el control prenatal y protocolos institucionales. Conclusión. La Morbilidad neonatal extrema visibiliza las falencias en atención materno – neonatal.
Identifying the priority infection prevention and control gaps contributing to neonatal healthcare-associated infections in low- and middle-income countries: results from a modified Delphi process
Authors: Yee Daiva , Osuka Hanako , Weiss Jamine , Kriengkauykiat Jane , Kolwaite Amy , Johnson Julia , Hopman Joost , Coffin Susan , Ram Pavani , Serbanescu Florina , Park Benjamin
Published: May 2021

Background

In low- and middle-income countries (LMIC), neonatal healthcare-associated infections (HAI) are associated with increased morbidity, mortality, hospital stay, and costs. When resources are limited, addressing HAI through infection prevention and control (IPC) requires prioritizing interventions to maximize impact. However, little is known about the gaps in LMIC that contribute most to HAI.

Methods

A literature review was conducted to identify the leading IPC gaps contributing to neonatal HAIs in intensive care units and specialty care wards in LMIC. Additionally, a panel of 21 global experts in neonatology and IPC participated in an in-person modified Delphi process to achieve consensus on the relative importance of these gaps as contributors to HAI.

Results

Thirteen IPC gaps were identified and summarized into four main categories: facility policies such as prioritizing a patient safety culture and maintaining facility capacity, general healthcare worker behaviors such as hand hygiene and proper device insertion and maintenance, specialty healthcare worker behaviors such as cleaning and reprocessing of medical equipment, and infrastructural considerations such as adequate medical equipment and hand hygiene supplies.

Conclusions

Through a modified Delphi process, we identified the leading IPC gaps contributing to neonatal HAIs; this information can assist policymakers, public health officials, researchers, and clinicians to prioritize areas for further study or intervention.
Gaps in maternal, newborn, and child health research: a scoping review of 72 years in Ethiopia
Authors: Chan Grace J. , Daniel Jenna , Getnet Misrak , Kennedy Matthew , Olowojesiku Ronke , Hunegnaw Bezawit M. , Unninayar Sarah , Taddesse Lisanu , Bekele Delayehu
Published: May 2021

Background

Despite significant reductions in maternal and child mortality over the past few decades, a disproportionate number of global deaths occur in low and middle-income country settings, such as Ethiopia. To prioritize research questions that would generate policy recommendations for better outcomes, we conducted a scoping review that gathers the current knowledge of maternal, newborn, and child health (MNCH) and illustrates remaining gaps in Ethiopia.

Methods

We conducted a search strategy from 1946-2018 in PubMed/MEDLINE, EMBASE, and the WHO African Index Medicus. The study team of reviewers independently screened titles, abstracts, and full-texts; abstracted data; and reconciled differences in pairs. Descriptive analyses were conducted.

Results

We identified 7,829 unique articles of which 2,170 were included. Most MNCH publications in Ethiopia (70.0%) were published in the last decade, 2010-2018. Most studies included children aged one to less than 10 years old (30.5%), women of reproductive age (22.0%), and pregnant women (21.9%); fewer studies included newborns (7.0%), infants (6.6%), and postpartum women (2.9%). Research topics included demographics and social determinants of health (43.4%), nutrition (15.3%), and infectious diseases (13.0%). There were limited studies on violence (1.4%), preterm birth (0.8%), antenatal/postpartum depression (0.7%), stillbirths (0.1%), and accidents (0.1%). Most study designs were cross-sectional (53.6%). A few study designs included prospective cohort studies (5.5%) and randomized control trials (2.3%).

Conclusions

This is the first scoping review to describe the landscape of MNCH research in Ethiopia. Understanding the depth of existing knowledge will support the prioritization and development of future research questions. Additional studies are needed to focus on the neonatal, infant, and postpartum populations as well as preterm and stillbirth outcomes.
Clinical pattern and prevalence of rheumatic diseases among adults: a community-based cross-sectional study in rural Gadchiroli, India
Authors: Joshi Vinay R , Bang Anand A , Bhojraj Shekhar Y , Deshmukh Mahesh , Yarmal Tushar , Kalkotwar Sameer , Varma Raghu , Kalkonde Yogeshwar V , Bang Abhay T
Published: May 2021

Background

Population-level information on the prevalence of rheumatic disorders from rural India is rare. We investigated the prevalence and patterns of rheumatic disorders among adults in rural Gadchiroli, India.

Methods

In this population-based, cross-sectional study, trained surveyors conducted a door-to-door survey to identify individuals with pain in back and extremities in two randomly selected villages from this region. Subjects who reported the presence of pain were evaluated by a team of a rheumatologist and orthopedic surgeons in a special clinic organized in these villages.

Results

Out of 2,535 eligible adults, 2,259 (89%) were surveyed, and 1,247 (55%) reported pain in the back or the extremities, and were therefore referred to the specialist clinic. Out of 884 (71%) participants who attended the clinics, 615 (70%) reported pain in the extremities. The point prevalence of soft tissue rheumatism (STR) in the community was 28% (95% confidence interval, CI=26.1-29.8%) while that of arthritis was 12.2% (10.8-13.5). The point prevalence of rheumatoid arthritis was 0.4% (0.1-0.6). Both STR and arthritis were more common in women and in the elderly.

Conclusions

Soft tissue rheumatism was the commonest rheumatic disorder in this rural community, followed by arthritis. Inflammatory and infectious disorders were rare. Given the high prevalence of STR and arthritis, community health workers and physicians working in rural areas need to be trained, in order to improve the management of these conditions.