bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PREX2 gene’s expression in gastric antral epithelial cells of patients with H. pylori infection
Authors: HEDAYATI Manouchehr Ahmadi , AHMADI Sanaz , SERVATYARI Karo , SHEIKHESMAEILI Farshad
Published: October 2021

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: The Prex2 protein is a member of the Rac family proteins that belongs to small G proteins with a critical role in cell migration, cell proliferation, and apoptosis through its effects on PI3K cell signaling pathway and phosphatase activity of PTEN protein. The effect of PREX2 gene expression has been shown in some cancer cells. A survey of PREX2 gene expression in gastric antral epithelial cells of gastric cancer patients with Helicobacter pylori various genotypes infection can conduct to better understanding H. pylori infection’s carcinogenesis. METHODS: In a case-control study, PREX2 gene expression was evaluated in gastric antral biopsy samples on four groups of patients referred to Sanandaj hospitals, including gastritis with (n=23) and without (n=27) H. pylori infection and gastric cancer with (n=21) and without (n=32) H. pylori infection. Each gastric biopsy sample’s total RNA was extracted and cDNA synthesized by using Kits (Takara Company). The PREX2 gene expression was measured using the relative quantitative real-time RT-PCR method and ΔΔCt formula. RESULTS: The PREX2 gene expression increased in gastric antral biopsy samples of gastritis and gastric cancer patients with H. pylori infection (case groups) than patients without H. pylori infection (control groups) 2.38 and 2.27 times, respectively. The patients with H. pylori vacA s1m1 and sabB genotypes infection showed a significant increase of PREX2 gene expression in gastric cancer antral epithelial cells. CONCLUSION: H. pylori vacA s1m1 and sabB genotypes have the positive correlations with PREX2 gene expression in gastric antral epithelial cells of gastritis and gastric cancer patients.
IMPACT OF RETROFLEXED VIEW ON THE DETECTION OF LESIONS IN THE PROXIMAL COLON: ASSESSMENT OF 393 PATIENTS IN A PRIVATE TERTIARY HOSPITAL
Authors: MADUREIRA Camila Marques , RODA Rodrigo , ROCHA Luiz Cláudio Miranda , LEITE Fernando Antônio Vieira , COELHO Debora Lucciola , LIMA JUNIOR Geraldo Ferreira
Published: October 2021

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: The gold standard test for colorectal cancer screening the colonoscopy. Although this is the test of choice, colonoscopy misses a significant number of lesions, mainly in the proximal colon. With the purpose of reducing the number of lesions missed, new techniques have been studied, amongst them, retroflexed view in the right side of the colon and the second direct forward view. OBJECTIVE: Assessing the safety of the retroview in the proximal colon (cecum and ascending colon), its impact on the detection of lesions in the proximal colon and its advantage over the double right forward view using adenoma detection rate and adenoma miss rate. METHODS: Three hundred and ninety-three patients who came to Hospital Mater Dei to undergo colonoscopy from March to July 2017, prospectively. Out of these, 372 were included in the study based on the following exclusion criteria: being under 18 years of age, inadequate bowel preparations (Boston scale <7), history of colectomy, inflammatory bowel disease or polypoid diseases. First, an endoscopist inserted the colonoscope into the cecum and examine the cecum and the ascending colon with a forward view twice. In the third insertion into the cecum, retroflexed view was performed, cecal mucosa was examined until the hepatic flexure in search of polyps missed on forward view. All lesions found were resected and sent for histological analysis. RESULTS: In 334 (89.8%) patients, retroflexed view was performed successfully, 65.8% of failures were attributed to the loops of the device which prevented the maneuver. The direct view identified 175 polyps in the proximal colon in 102 people. Retroflexed view detected 26 polyps missed by the direct view in 24 (6.5%) people, with a missing rate of 12.9% in the test with only the forward view. Out of the 26 polyps found in retroview, 21 (80.76%) were adenomas, one of them with a high-grade dysplasia. Eleven patients had polyps seen only in retroflexed view. Retroview has increased the polyp detection rate from 27.41% to 31.72% and the adenoma detection rate from 21.77% to 25%. The adenoma miss rate by the double direct view was 12.8%. Without the retroview, one polyp in every 13.91 colonoscopies would be missed (number needed to treat - NNT=13.91). There was no adverse event. CONCLUSION: The retroflexed view technique in the proximal colon was shown to be safe, fast and feasible in most cases. It increased the adenoma detection rate and was shown to be advantageous in this study wit benefit beyond the double direct view.
LIVER TRANSPLANTATION: TACROLIMUS BLOOD LEVELS VARIATION AND SURVIVAL, REJECTION AND DEATH OUTCOMES
Authors: MACIEL Nicole Bianchin , SCHWAMBACH Karin Hepp , BLATT Carine Raquel
Published: October 2021

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Immunosuppressive drugs have important role in transplant of solid grafts, it aim avoid episodes of acute and chronic rejection and improving graft survival and patient survival. In Brazil, in 2016, liver transplantation was the third most frequent, with 1,880 transplants performed, of which 150 in Rio Grande do Sul. Several studies evaluated the association between variability in blood levels of immunosuppressive tacrolimus and late acute cellular graft rejection. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the association of tacrolimus blood levels with clinical outcomes late acute cellular rejection, death, patient survival and graft survival in patients undergoing liver transplantation. METHODS: This is a retrospective longitudinal study including patients submitted to adult liver transplantation by the Liver Transplantation Group in the Santa Casa de Misericórdia Hospital of Porto Alegre, from January 2006 to January 2013, and who used tacrolimus as immunosuppressive therapy. RESULTS: Of the 127 patients included in the study, the majority were male (70.1%), 52-60 years old (33.9%) at the transplant. The most frequent causes of liver transplantation in this series were hepatitis C virus and hepatocellular carcinoma (24.4%) and alcohol (15.7%). Thirteen patients had late acute cellular rejection (10.2%); of these, three had two episodes. Regarding severity classification, seven patients had mild late acute cellular rejection. The mean time of rejection after liver transplantation was 14 months (ranging from 8 to 33 months). Overall survival was 8.98 years. Regarding tacrolimus blood levels, 52 patients with a variation ≥2 standard deviations were identified. Of these patients, eight had rejection; however, the association was not significant (P=0.146). A significant association was found between variation ≥2 standard deviations in tacrolimus blood levels and death (P=0.023) and survival (P=0.019). Regarding 5-year follow-up of graft survival, being two standard deviations above increases by 2.26 times the risk of transplanted graft loss, and for each unit of increase of standard deviation of tacrolimus blood levels there is a two-fold increase in the risk of graft loss in 5 years. CONCLUSION: Increased risk of graft loss associated with increased standard deviations of tacrolimus blood levels may indicate the need for more rigorous and prospective monitoring of tacrolimus blood levels.
EPIDEMIOLOGIC ASPECTS OF INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASE IN THE WESTERN REGION OF MINAS GERAIS STATE
Authors: MARTINS Kamila Rosa , ARAÚJO Joniel Mendes de , CRUZ Álefe Cardoso , LUIZ-FERREIRA Anderson
Published: October 2021

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), two of the main inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), have been increasingly diagnosed in South America. Although IBD have been intensively studied in the last years, epidemiologic data in Brazil are scarce. OBJECTIVE: To study the clinical and epidemiologic profile of IBD patients treated in the Clinical Hospital of the Federal University of Uberlândia from 1999 to 2014. METHODS: We performed a retrospective study of the medical records of patients diagnosed with IBD, according to the international classification of diseases (ICD) - ICD K50 for CD and ICD K51 for UC - confirmed by endoscopic examination in the case of both diseases. We analyzed the following variables: age; sex; ethnicity; smoking habit; primary diagnosis; site of disease manifestation; main clinical manifestations; IBD-related complications; extraintestinal manifestations; and established drug and/or surgical treatment. RESULTS: We evaluated 183 IBD cases (91 UC and 92 CD cases). The estimated prevalence rate of UC was 15.06/100.000 inhabitants and of CD was 15.23/100.000. The CU and CD female to male incidence ratios were 1.7 and 1.8, respectively. The average age of patients diagnosed with UC was 39.4 years and of those diagnosed with CD was 31.1 years. White-skinned people were the most affected by UC (66.0%) and CD (69.0%). Few patients were submitted to surgical procedures as treatment alternative. CONCLUSION: The estimated prevalence of IBD in this population was low compared to that of populations of North America, but high compared to that of other regions considered to present low incidence, such as some Asian and Latin American countries.
TEACHING BASIC COLONOSCOPY SKILLS: QUALITY AND SAFETY STANDARDS CAN BE FULFILLED IN AN OUTPATIENT UNIVERSITY CENTER
Authors: FEITOSA Marley Ribeiro , PARRA Rogério Serafim , FREITAS Lucas Fernandes de , CAMARGO Hugo Parra de , ROCHA José Joaquim Ribeiro da , FÉRES Omar
Published: October 2021

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Recent studies have shown that endoscopy fellows can perform colonoscopy effectively and safely. However, little is known about the performance of surgical residents without prior knowledge of endoscopic techniques. OBJECTIVE: To assess whether quality indicators were met at an outpatient endoscopy center and whether surgical residents, without prior upper or lower endoscopy skills, could perform colonoscopy adequately. METHODS: A prospective non-randomized cohort study was undertaken. All exams were performed either by assistant physicians or by residents. Quality measures were compared between those groups. RESULTS: A total of 2720 colonoscopies were analyzed. In the resident group, we observed older patients (57.7±12.7 years vs 51.5±14.5 years, P<0.001), a higher prevalence of screening colonoscopies (52% vs 39.4%, P<0.001) and a higher prevalence of colorectal cancer (6.4% vs 1.8%, P<0.001). The cecal intubation rate was higher in the attending group (99.9% vs 89.3%; P<0.001). The polyp detection rate was 40.8%, and no differences were observed between the studied groups. The residents had a higher rate of perforation in all exams (0.4% vs 0%; P=0.02). Postpolypectomy bleeding and 7-day readmission rates were the same (0.2%). All readmissions in 7 days occurred due to low digestive bleeding, and none required intervention. CONCLUSION: Quality indicators were met at a university outpatient endoscopy center; however, medical residents achieved lower rates of cecal intubation and higher rates of perforation than the attending physicians.
Close Association between Altered Urine–Urothelium Barrier and Tertiary Lymphoid Structure Formation in the Renal Pelvis during Nephritis
Authors: Ichii Osamu , Hosotani Marina , Masum Md. Abdul , Horino Taro , Otani Yuki , Namba Takashi , Nakamura Teppei , Hosny Ali Elewa Yaser , Kon Yasuhiro
Published: October 2021

Significance Statement

Tertiary lymphoid structures (TLSs) form in organs exhibiting chronic inflammation. Immune responses to infections, autoimmune responses, or allergic responses may trigger TLS development. We observed urine–urothelium barrier alterations in the renal pelvis of a mouse model and in human subjects with chronic nephritis, with or without infection. Furthermore, urine leaked from the renal lumen into the parenchyma in nephritic mice. This stimulated the production of cytokines/chemokines in renal stromal cells, resulting in TLS development termed “urinary tract–associated lymphoid structures” (UTALSs). UTALS development correlated with chronic nephritis in humans and mice regardless of UTI, thus possibly revealing a novel pathologic mechanism. Elucidation is crucial for better understanding of noninfectious chronic nephritis.

Background

Kidneys with chronic inflammation develop tertiary lymphoid structures (TLSs). Infectious pyelonephritis is characterized by renal pelvis (RP) inflammation. However, the pathologic features of TLSs, including their formation and association with non-infectious nephritis, are unclear.

Methods

RPs from humans and mice that were healthy or had non-infectious chronic nephritis were analyzed for TLS development, and the mechanism of TLS formation investigated using urothelium or lymphoid structure cultures.

Results

Regardless of infection, TLSs in the RP, termed urinary tract–associated lymphoid structures (UTALSs), formed in humans and mice with chronic nephritis. Moreover, urine played a unique role in UTALS formation. Specifically, we identified urinary IFN-γ as a candidate factor affecting urothelial barrier integrity because it alters occludin expression. In a nephritis mouse model, urine leaked from the lumen of the RP into the parenchyma. In addition, urine immunologically stimulated UTALS-forming cells via cytokine (IFN-γ, TNF-α) and chemokine (CXCL9, CXCL13) production. CXCL9 and CXCL13 were expressed in UTALS stromal cells and urine stimulation specifically induced CXCL13 in cultured fibroblasts. Characteristically, type XVII collagen (BP180), a candidate autoantigen of bullous pemphigoid, was ectopically localized in the urothelium covering UTALSs and associated with UTALS development by stimulating CXCL9 or IL-22 induction via the TNF-α/FOS/JUN pathway. Notably, UTALS development indices were positively correlated with chronic nephritis development.

Conclusions

TLS formation in the RP is possible and altered urine–urothelium barrier–based UTALS formation may represent a novel mechanism underlying the pathogenesis of chronic nephritis, regardless of urinary tract infection.
Ability of dynamic preload indices to predict fluid responsiveness in a high femoral-to-radial arterial pressure gradient: a retrospective study
Authors: Kim Seon Ju , Kim So Yeon , Lee Hye Sun , Park Goeun , Yoon Eun Jang , Heo Sungtaik , Koo Bon-Nyeo
Published: October 2021

Background: Dynamic preload indices may predict fluid responsiveness in end-stage liver disease. However, their usefulness in patients with altered vascular compliance is uncertain. This study is the first to evaluate whether dynamic indices can reliably predict fluid responsiveness in patients undergoing liver transplantation with a high femoral-to-radial arterial pressure gradient (PG).Methods: 80 liver transplant recipients were retrospectively categorized as having a normal (n = 56) or high (n = 24, difference in systolic pressure ≥ 10 mmHg and/or mean pressure ≥ 5 mmHg) femoral-to-radial arterial PG, measured immediately after radial and femoral arterial cannulation. The ability of dynamic preload indices (stroke volume variation, pulse pressure variation [PPV], pleth variability index) to predict fluid responsiveness was assessed before the surgery. Fluid replacement of 500 ml of crystalloid solution was performed over 15 min. Fluid responsiveness was defined as ≥ 15% increase in the stroke volume index. The area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve (AUC) indicated the prediction of fluid responsiveness.Results: Fourteen patients in the normal, and eight in the high PG group were fluid responders. The AUCs for PPV in the normal, high PG groups and total patients were 0.702 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.553–0.851, P = 0.008), 0.633 (95% CI 0.384–0.881, P = 0.295) and 0.667 (95% CI 0.537–0.798, P = 0.012), respectively. No other index predicted fluid responsiveness.Conclusion: PPV can be used as a dynamic index of fluid responsiveness in patients with end-stage liver disease but not in patients with altered vascular compliance.
Batthyány Lajos nádor (1696-1765) katalógusa különös tekintettel a magyar vonatkozású és antik anyagra, valamint a Theologici szak anyagára
Authors: Hursán Szabolcs
Published: October 2021

Dans mon étude, je soumets à l’analyse le catalogue de la collection du palatin Lajos Batthyány, préparé en 1743. A l’occasion de la donation de la bibliothèque Batthyány, en 1838, le catalogue, accompagné d’un corpus de livres de 30’000 volumes, entrèrent à la bibliothèque de l’Académie Hongroise des Sciences. Je compare les différentes sections de la bibliothèque du point de vue du nombre des volumes qu’elles renferment et du point de vue de leur composition linguistique. Je consacre une attention particulière à deux groupes thématiques: celui des Hungarica et celui de la littérature antique. Quant aux sections figurant dans le catalogue, j’analyserai en détail celle des Theologici. Après avoir rapidement synthétisé mes résultats, je m’efforcerai de déterminer comment les enseignements du catalogue s’insèrent dans les connaissances que nous avons de l’usage que la famille avait fait des bibliotheques à leur disposition. Enfin, je comparerai le corpus de la bibliothèque Batthyány avec celles de la famille Esterházy.
A Trattnerek Magyarországon
Authors: V. Ecsedy Judit
Published: October 2021

The author is dealing with the activity of the Trattner family in Hungary. There were three persons engaged in book making and selling with the name Trattner in the course of the 18–19th centuries in Hungary. First of all the Vienna Court printer Johann Thomas Trattner, his relative Mátyás Trattner and his son János Tamás Trattner. Johann Thomas Trattner began his activity as bookseller and printer in the 1780 in three Hungarian towns almost simultaneously: in Temesvár, Pozsony and Pest. His most successful enterprise was the printing and publishing office in Pest. He soon presented it to his relatives Mátyás and János Tamás Trattner, who made it one of the most productive offices in Pest in the Reform Age. János Tamás was also a dedicated patron of Hungarian literature, and so was his brother in law, who inherited the printing office. The enterprise continued well into the 19th century, surviving with half a century that of the Vienna Trattner office.
Topografías.2.
Authors: Gual Solé Nuria
Published: October 2021

Topografías.2. es un políptico de seis piezas, que enlazadas, versan sobre el cielo, las nubes, el rayo, las tormentas y el éter, de la mano del Libro VI de De Rerum Natura de Lucrecio. Este políptico pertenece a una serie más amplia aún en curso sobre Topografías. Suelos, ocupa la primera parte; este segundo grupo sobre los cielos y las nubes abarca elementos que al contrario que en el anterior, se sustraen a la tangibilidad. Sujetos que mutan de estado constantemente, de sólidos a líquidos, aire o vapor. El objetivo de este proyecto sobre topografías es basicamente, la elaboración de una cartografía improbable de sujetos inestables, en metamorfosis y/o en fluctuación.
Japan’s Climate Change Discourse: Toward Climate Securitisation?
Authors: Koppenborg Florentine , Hanssen Ulv
Published: October 2021

This article situates Japan in the international climate security debate by analysing competing climate change discourses. In 2020, for the first time, the Japanese Ministry of the Environment included the term “climate crisis” (kikō kiki) in its annual white paper, and the Japanese parliament adopted a “climate emergency declaration” (kikō hijō jitai sengen). Does this mean that Japan’s climate discourse is turning toward the securitisation of climate change? Drawing on securitisation theory, this article investigates whether we are seeing the emergence of a climate change securitisation discourse that treats climate change as a security issue rather than a conventional political issue. The analysis focuses on different stakeholders in Japan’s climate policy: the Japanese Ministry of the Environment, the Ministry of Economy, Trade, and Industry, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, the parliament, the Cabinet, and sub- and non-state actors. Through a discourse analysis of ministry white papers and publications by other stakeholders, the article identifies a burgeoning securitisation discourse that challenges, albeit moderately, the status quo of incrementalism and inaction in Japan’s climate policy. This article further highlights Japan’s position in the rapidly evolving global debate on the urgency of climate action and provides explanations for apparent changes and continuities in Japan’s climate change discourse.
How Climate-Induced Migration Entered the UN Policy Agenda in 2007–2010: A Multiple Streams Assessment
Authors: Jakobsson Elin
Published: October 2021

In 2007, issues regarding climate-induced migration took a giant leap on the international policy agenda at the same time as a growth of interest in and salience of climate security. From having been a technical non-issue since the 1980s, climate-induced migration became one of the most emphasised consequences of climate change for a short period. After three years of fluidity in actors, institutions, and conceptual framings, issues of climate change and migration reached a formal recognition in the 2010 Cancún Adaptation Framework, marking a new era for policy discussions on climate-induced migration. This article sets out to show why this issue, which had been known to policymakers and academia for at least two decades, took such a major leap up the agenda at this specific point in time. The article draws from rich primary interview material together with an analytical framework based on the multiple streams framework in order to systematically answer this question. In doing so, the article primarily offers an empirical contribution to the knowledge and understanding of the specific agenda-setting mechanisms of climate-induced migration in an international policy context.
Climate Change and Security: Filling Remaining Gaps
Authors: Kameyama Yasuko , Takamura Yukari
Published: October 2021

As perception of climate change as a threat to humanity and to ecosystems grows, the rapidly growing literature increasingly refers to the notion of “climate change and security,” for which there is as yet no single agreed definition. Despite the extent of literature already published, there are at least three remaining gaps: (1) Added theoretical value: How does “climate change and security” differ from similar notions such as “climate crisis” and “climate emergency”? What theoretical gains can be made by securing against climate change? (2) Role of non-state actors: The traditional concept of security is tightly bound to the notion of national security, but the climate change and security discourse opens the door to the participation of non-state actors such as the business sector, local government, and citizens. How do they take part in ensuring security? (3) Regional imbalance: Most of the literature on climate change and security published so far comes from Europe and North America. As other regions, such as Asia, are just as affected, more voices should be heard from those regions. This issue aims to address some of these gaps. The nine articles in this issue address the notion of “climate change and security” through empirical work while theoretically contributing to several themes relating to the climate change and security discourse.
Diacronía terminolóxica nel andanciu del coronavirus: neoloxía y afitamientu llingüísticu
Authors: Celemín Fuertes Aida
Published: October 2021

A lo llargo del últimu añu, y pola mor de la pandemia del coronavirus, apaecieron términos nuevos, neoloxismos y construcciones léxiques que s’introduxeron nel nuestru vocabulariu diariu. Esti trabayu analiza si l’asturianu foi quien a absorber y adaptar esti léxicu y si, poro, puede considerase una llingua viva y actualizada. Pa ello trabáyase cola terminoloxía d’un corpus formáu por testos periodísticos, de cuatro medios de comunicación diferentes, d’ente xineru y avientu de 2020. L’artículu ta dividíu en cuatro bloques principales. El primeru fai la introducción al tema y a la metodoloxía que se va siguir nel trabayu. El segundu céntrase nel análisis terminolóxicu de caún de los meses. D’esta miente, va poder vese, per un llau, cuáles son les pallabres y les construcciones más repetíes y usaes a lo llargo del añu y, per otru, cómo van camudando les temátiques del léxicu en función de la evolución del andanciu. El terceru dedícase al estudiu detalláu de los términos más destacaos o problemáticos —dende una perspectiva lexicolóxica—. Un exemplu d’esto puede ser el casu de «brotu», «biltu» o «brote», términos usaos en munchos casos como sinónimos, o la comparativa ente los usos femenín o masculín pa la enfermedá causada pol virus SARS-CoV-2. Per último, van preséntense les conclusiones y dase rempuesta a la pregunta de si ye l’asturianu una llingua léxicamente actualizada.
The risk of reproductive health disorders in women when exposed to harmful factors
Authors: Sivochalova О. V.
Published: October 2021

The actual problem of our time is the deterioration of the reproductive health of the population, which in turn, to a certain extent, determines the demographic processes.

The article describes the harmful factors causing violations of the processes of reproduction of professional and ecological genesis. Indicators of the incidence of pregnant women and their offspring are given, depending on the technogenic load of the area of residence.
The role of endothelial disfunction markers in diagnostics of abruptio placentae
Authors: Zainulina М. S.
Published: October 2021

We studied 72 cases of abruptio placentae, 187 cases of gestosis and 81 cases of normal pregnancy. It was revealed that thrombomodulin, fibronectin, Ddimer blood level and congenital defects of hemostasis markers screening are valuable for diagnostics and prognosis of abruptio placentae.
Experience of application of semantic differential for researches of internal psychological conflicts at pregnancy discontinuing
Authors: Gross Е. V. , Nazarova А. О. , Motornaja G. V. , Dimitrienko T. А. , Nikanorov V. N.
Published: October 2021

With the purpose of research of the psychological conflicts submits in an internal picture of women pregnancies with preventing risk of pregnancy discontinuing the technique semantic differential was applied for the first time. The given approach objectively has allowed to estimate the psychological status of future mothers with a pathology of pregnancy.
Quantitative aspects of matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization using electrospray deposition
Authors:   , Chavez-Eng Cynthia M. , Owens Kevin Glenn
Published: October 2021

MALDI is routinely used as a soft-ionization technique in mass spectrometry for the qualitative analysis of biological and synthetic materials of a wide range of molecular weights. Recently, numerous groups have explored its use as a quantitative technique. The main limitation reported is in the irreproducibility of the collected mass spectra that was attributed to heterogeneity in the final MALDI samples resulting from the traditional air-dried drop method of sample deposition. In this research, the electrospray deposition technique was utilized to quantify proteins of moderate size, including insulin. Various sample cleanup methods were explored, and the use of sample additives (crown ethers) and buffer (ammonium salts) underlayers have shown to reduce the appearance of alkali adducts, yielding good quality MALDI spectra. Improvement of the electrospray deposition process for use in quantitative MALDI has also resulted in a better understanding of the MALDI process itself. Extensive analyses of quantitative mixtures of peptides (DDAVP/AVP) and proteins (bovine and porcine insulin) in a number of different matrices, namely sinapinic acid, ferulic acid, and 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid have demonstrated that MALDI is a mass sensitive technique. To maintain analyte signal, matrix concentration must decrease as the analyte concentration decreases. Each analyte studied possesses an optimum matrix-to-analyte ratio for analysis that varies with both analyte size and matrix choice. Analyte signal saturation is also observed and rationalized by experiment as a problem with the desorption rather than the ionization steps in the MALDI process. Problems encountered in the electrospray deposition of volatile MALDI matrices and their implications, and difficulties in the development of a quantitative MALDI method for the determination of insulin in biological sample will be discussed.
Changes in Intraocular Pressure after Cataract Surgery, Depending on the Indicator of the Individual Norm
Authors: Yusef Yusef Naim , Rafaelyan A. A.
Published: October 2021

Literature data confirm the existence of different opinions about the nature of changes in intraocular pressure after cataract extraction. However, assessment of the risk factors significance for complications and prediction their occurrence in the postoperative period are still unresolved issues. Average statistical norm can still entail a persistent increase in IOP after cataract surgery.

Purpose: to study the frequency of persistent increase in IOP after cataract surgery with a statistically normal level of IOP depending on the ratio of the preoperative level of IOP with its individual norm.

Methods: The clinical study was based on the analysis of 69 phacoemulsifications and posterior chamber intraocular lens implantations with a preoperative IOP level within the average statistical norm (IOP <22 mm Hg). The determination of individual norm of IOP was carried out using flowmetry according to the original method developed at the Research Institution of Eye Diseases. All patients were divided into 3 group. Group 1 — 25 patients with IOP less than individual norm of IOP. Group 2 — 18 patients (21 eyes) with medically compensated IOP (less than individual norm of IOP ). Group 3 — 20 patients (22 eyes) with IOP more than individual norm of IOP.

Results. GROUP 1. The initial IOP value before surgery in group 1 averaged 15.7 ± 3.6, after a year a decrease in IOP was recorded in 15 eyes (57.7 %). In 11 eyes (42.3 %) IOP remained unchanged. However, IOP changes in this group were statistically insignificant (p > 0.5). GROUP 2. After a year decrease in IOP was recorded in 11 eyes (52.4 %). In 10 eyes (47.6 %) IOP remained unchanged. GROUP 3 The initial IOP level before surgery was on average 17.9 ± 1.4. One year later, a decrease in IOP was recorded in 6 eyes (40.9 %). In 8 eyes (22.7 %) IOP remained unchanged.

Conclusions. When planning cataract surgery the indicator of real compensation is the level of ophthalmotonus, which does not exceed the individual norm. IOP exceeding the individual norm indicates a high probability of a persistent increase in IOP after cataract surgery.
Orthosurgical management of skeletal class-II malocclusion with vertical growth pattern- A case report
Authors: Kamboj Ashish , Chopra S S , Deshmukh Tushar , Kochar Gagandeep , Chauhan Deepak , Mathur Prateek
Published: October 2021

Edward H Angle first gave the classification for malocclusions into Classes I, II and III. Amongst these, Class II is the most prevalent and commonly treated at orthodontic clinics. Treatment of Class II malocclusion with mandibular deficiency in adult patients is usually managed with ortho-surgical treatment modality. In this article a case of Skeletal Class II malocclusion with vertical growth pattern is represented which was treated with BSSRO and mandibular advancement was carried out.
Combination approach for treatment of mandibular prognathism: Bilateral saggital split osteotomy with pre & post surgical orthodontics
Authors: Gupta Gaurav , Gupta Dinesh Kumar , Gupta Priyanka , Gupta Neelja
Published: October 2021

Various features of a human face collated in different ratios produce a distinct smile and esthetics. Any deflection from the accepted facial development and symmetry brings about vexatious facial appearance, depression and diffidence of patient. So a compendious smile designing is imperfect without scrutinizing the dentofacial features. Tremendous progress in the surgical discipline has made it possible to treat the major dentofacial deformities successfully, for whom orthodontic camouflage and growth modification would have resulted in unstable and displeasing results. Orthognathic surgery is the art and science of diagnosis, treatment planning and implementation of treatment to correct musculoskeletal, dentoosseous and soft tissue deformities of the jaws and orofacial appratus. With bona fide diagnosis and treatment planning, pleasing smile and functionally stable results can be obtained in skeletal class 3 malocclusion. Orthognathic surgery should be flawlessly integrated with orthodontics and other dental treatments to achieve satisfactory outcome. In orthognathic correction of skeletal discrepancies, various treatment modalities should be considered to come up with adequate outcome and least trauma to patient. Due to the meticulous advancement in recent decades, combined approach of orthognathic surgery and orthodontic treatment has been rewarded for severe dentofacial deformities. We are presenting here a case of skeletal class 3 malocclusion with symmetrical mandibular prognathism treated with combination approach.
Innovation and Competitiveness in Mining Value Chains: The Case of Argentina
Authors: Marin Anabel , Stubrin Lilia , Murguía Diego , Carreras Enrique , Palacin Rocío
Published: October 2021

Argentina has outstanding mineral potential, with substantial amounts of unexplored and unexploited geological resources. Despite this potential, the nonenergy mining sector is still small-scale, representing 0.5 percent of GDP and 3.0 percent of total exports, and is concentrated mainly in a few regions of the country. This document investigates the metal mining value chain in Argentina, in particular the opportunities and challenges that domestic companies find to participate in it. It provides policy recommendations that can help improve the chances of these firms entering and then expanding, growing, and diversifying their clients and markets.
STRATEGIC CULTURE FENOMENA IN IRAN-ISRAEL RELATIONS
Authors: Gergiieva V. , Levinson D.
Published: October 2021

The current confrontation between the State of Israel and the Islamic Republic of Iran is not an exceptionally new phenomenon; however, it is noticeable that escalation around the “Iran nuclear deal” makes this issue one of the most urgent on the current political agenda. This article focuses on countries’ strategic culture as both public and non-state actors see and respond to challenges and opportunities international system − which is the result of cultural perception. Iranian and Israeli strategic cultures have some similarities - consideration of which is necessary to understand the specifics of the relationship between the two states and Jerusalem's possible response to a potential nuclearization of Tehran. Cultural details are often overlooked when we are trying to analyze the policy of a particular state, however, this analysis can provide an understanding of a particular country's response to challenges and threats. Learning more about how and why actors use force in the system is an important topic to which strategic culture may provide some answers but the process of applying it is difficult. In this article, we overview historical preconditions of Iran-Israel relations, Israel's specific view of its ambitions in the region, and nowadays escalation between two countries. The Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action is still on the agenda between the two countries, while negotiations in Vienna continue, Iran increased its enrichment up to 60 percent – the highest level in Iranian history. Iranian nuclear program is a cornerstone in the US-Iran and Iran-Israel relations, but the strategic culture of Israel still cannot adopt improvement of relations between the US and Iran, as Iranian progress in its nuclear ambitions.
Gdzie jest teatr? Czyj jest teatr? O sytuowaniu instytucji teatralnych. Badania eksploracyjne
Authors: Krajewski Marek , Frąckowiak Maciej
Published: October 2021

Artykuł oparty jest na wynikach ogólnopolskich badań dotyczących strategii działania polskich instytucji teatralnych w pandemii, realizowanych w okresie lockdownu. Badań, które – jak się okazało – dostarczyły także danych pozwalających formułować szersze wnioski. Celem artykułu jest odtworzenie wyobrażeń, jakie na temat roli, znaczenia i zróżnicowania pola teatralnego mają osoby kierujące tego typu instytucjami. Dodatkowym celem jest konceptualizacja pojęcia sytuowania, by w ten sposób lepiej dostrzec znaczenie, jakie dla funkcjonowania relacji tworzących pole teatralne ma postrzeganie ich przez aktorów, którzy w nim uczestniczą. Posługując się kategorią sytuowania w interpretacji treści przeprowadzonych wywiadów jakościowych, wskazujemy między innymi na obecne w wypowiedziach naszych rozmówców, kontrastujące ze sobą modele myślenia o instytucjach teatralnych (menadżerski i autorski), przywiązanie do tradycyjnej roli teatru na tle innych sztuk, a także na szczególną rolę bezpieczeństwa jako kluczowego wymiaru różnicującego pozycję teatru w rzeczywistości społecznej.
Past Presencing in Local Museums: Remarks on the Use of Art in the Creation of Representations of a Locality
Authors: Porczyński Dominik , Rozalska Agata
Published: October 2021

Museums and art are both phenomena strongly connected with collective identities. During the process of development of modern nations in the 19th and 20th centuries, museums were actors (or tools, depending on the context) of the process of the construction of collective representations. This relates to a certain link between collectivities and objects, in which the latter contribute to the emergence of social roles and the organization of social worlds. Artworks as collective representations, and memory carriers significantly participate in these processes. Since 1989, the importance of local identities has been growing. Local actors undertake organized activities to develop a sense of community and attract the attention of outsiders. Museums also participate in these processes, yet in the changing context the question arises as to whether they play a role similar to the national ones or, perhaps, different situations introduced new ways of museum involvement. The paper examines the practices during which representations of a locality are constructed to be displayed in the museum context. We are interested in how art pieces contribute to this process and how they are used in comparison to non-aesthetic artifacts. The study is based on 50 in-depth interviews collected during two projects conducted in the Subcarpathian Voivodeship in Poland and in the Kosice Region in Slovakia. Concentrating on the practices of collection building, exhibition designing, and interpretation, we discuss different classes of objects used in the process, analyze their effectiveness in representing the original context – the main topic of museum narratives – and indicate some of them as boundary objects around which arenas emerge.
ANÁLISIS DE LA CALIDAD DE VIDA Y LA EFICIENCIA DE GOBIERNO DESDE LA PERSPECTIVA DE LA COMPETITIVIDAD TERRITORIAL EN LOS MUNICIPIOS DEL ESTADO DE CAMPECHE
Authors: Pérez Canul Carlos
Published: October 2021

RESUMEN

Objetivo: Medir la incidencia de la eficiencia de gobierno y
la calidad de vida, como factores de la competitividad de
los municipios del estado de Campeche del periodo 1998
a 2007 bajo variables estructurales socio-económicas.
Material y método: El estudio presenta un enfoque
cuantitativo basado en mediciones numéricas y análisis
estadístico que establecen patrones de comportamiento y
que derivan en resultados de competitividad, sin embargo
éstos no son explicativos de las variables por lo que,
aunque no se utilizan como observaciones centrales,
existen elementos cualitativos que apoyan el resultado
cuantitativo del estudio. La metodología desarrollada
proporciona un indicador de la competitividad territorial a
nivel municipal considerando elementos socioeconómicos
propios del contexto del sureste mexicano.
Resultados: Los resultados muestran que la calidad de
vida de los habitantes de los municipios con actividad
agropecuaria y menor población es más alta que la obtenida
en la capital del estado con la mayor concentración de
población y servicios públicos.
Conclusiones: Los valores más altos respecto a la
eficiencia del gobierno del estado de Campeche, no
necesariamente los obtiene la administración de la capital
del estado como normalmente se espera, partiendo del
hecho de que la asignación de recursos generalmente se
distribuye con base al número de habitantes y a su
recaudación.

ABSTRACT

Objective: To measure the impact of the government
efficiency and the life quality both as factors of the
competitiveness in the municipalities of the state of
Campeche from 1998 to 2007 under socioeconomic
variable structures.
Material and method: This research shows both a
quantitative approach based on numerical measures and
a statistical analysis that establish patterns of behavior
whose results can be observed in competitiveness.
However, these results are not explanatory of the variables,
so even though they are not used as main observations,
there are qualitative elements that support the quantitative
result of this work. The methodology used provides a
territorial competitiveness indicator at a municipality level
considering socio-economic elements related to the
context of the southeast region of Mexico.
Results: The results show that the life quality of the
inhabitants of the municipalities that have agricultural
activities and less population is higher than the one
obtained in those inhabitants who live in the capital of the
state where there is more concentration of population and
public services.
Conclusions: The highest values regarding the efficiency
of the government in the state of Campeche are not
necessarily obtained by the administration of the state
capital as they are normally expected, due to the fact that
the financial allocation is generally distributed according
to the number of inhabitants and its financial collection.
Los Cuerpos Académicos en las Ciencias Sociales y Administrativas
Authors: Ancona Alcocer María del Carmen
Published: October 2021

La investigación es el fundamento del desarrollo de acciones que conllevan a nuevas formas y aplicación del conocimiento. En este sentido, el talento humano es determinante en los procesos de identificación de necesidades, estudio, generación, divulgación y aplicación del conocimiento, ya sea a nivel individual o grupal.
Dentro de las políticas educativas nacionales, en los últimos doce años ha habido un impulso significativo para promover la creación y consolidación de grupos colegiados denominados Cuerpos Académicos (CA). Este hecho se observa en los objetivos planteados en el Eje «Igualdad de
oportunidades» del Plan Nacional de Desarrollo 2007-2012, donde se considera la ampliación de la cobertura, equidad y mejoramiento de la calidad y pertinencia de la educación superior.
PROPUESTA DE DESARROLLO TERRITORIAL RURAL PARA TABASCO
Authors: Rodríguez Ocaña Leticia , Reyes De la Cruz Concepción
Published: October 2021

RESUMEN

La mayor parte de la población en situación de pobreza en México al igual que Latinoamérica se localiza en zonas rurales. En nuestro país 3 de cada 5 hogares son considerados pobres. El campo mexicano presenta rezago y marginación, con una producción heterogénea y polarizada, donde las condiciones de infraestructura de carreteras, todavía son un obstáculo para mejorar las condiciones de desarrollo de la población rural.
Con las propuestas del enfoque de desarrollo local sustentable, los aspectos de la «nueva ruralidad» son una alternativa para potencializar los recursos endógenos del campo tabasqueño. Esta propuesta para el desarrollo territorial rural integra la gestión por parte de los actores, donde la voluntad política es determinante para que se generen los empleos con actividades productivas sustentables, donde la gestión de servicios ambientales y la integración de cadenas de valor son la nueva dinámica en la aplicación de políticas públicas para el desarrollo del campo en Tabasco.

ABSTRACT

Most of the population in poverty situation in Mexico as well as in Latin America is located in rural areas. In our country 3 out of 5 households are considered poor. The Mexican countryside has backwardness and marginalized conditions, with a heterogeneous and polarized production, where the conditions of road infrastructure are still an obstacle to improve the development of the rural population.
With the proposals of local sustainable development approach, aspects of the «new rurality» are an alternative to potentiate endogenous resources of Tabasco field. This proposal for the rural land development integrates the management of the implicated, where political will is crucial in order to generate jobs with sustainable productive activities, where the management of environmental services and the integration of value chains are the new dynamic in implementing public policies for the development of the field in Tabasco.
LA IMPLANTACIÓN DE EQUIPOS AUTODIRIGIDOS (EAD). UN ESTUDIO LONGITUDINAL EN UNA EMPRESA MANUFACTURERA DEL VALLE DE MÉXICO
Authors: Martínez José Vili
Published: October 2021

RESUMEN
Con gran frecuencia es posible observar la aplicación de programas enfocado al desarrollo de equipos autodirigidos en las organizaciones; sin embargo, en ocasiones, estos esfuerzos terminan siendo «un programa más» y se abona a la gran cantidad de esfuerzos realizados en la búsqueda de la tan ansiada productividad. Si bien, el fracaso de estos programas resulta multifactorial, existen casos de éxito que pueden coadyuvar a sentar las bases para encontrar una metodología que pueda extrapolarse a otras empresas colaborando con ello a su desarrollo y a incrementar el acervo de conocimientos en el campo de la administración. La presente investigación no experimental, longitudinal, descriptiva presenta la implantación exitosa de un programa de equipos autodirigidos en una organización manufacturera de 300 empleados ubicada en el Valle de México.

ABSTRACT
Very often it is possible to observe the establishment of programs aimed at developing self-directed teams in organizations, however, sometimes these efforts end up being «one more program» and so they are added to the many efforts made in the search for such longed productivity. While the failure of these programs is multifactorial, there are success stories that can help to lay the foundation of a methodology that can be extrapolated to other companies in order to collaborate to their development and increase the stock of knowledge in the field of administration. This non experimental, longitudinal, and descriptive research shows the successful implementation of a self-directed teams program in a manufacturing organization of 300 employees located in the Valley of Mexico.
LOS RETOS PARA EL SISTEMA NACIONAL DE FISCALIZACIÓN
Authors: Morales Cárdenas Tomás Francisco
Published: October 2021

En la reunión del 23 octubre de 2012 Sistema Nacional de
Fiscalización se firmaron las bases generales de coordinación para
promover el desarrollo del Sistema Nacional de Fiscalización. El
cumplimiento de los objetivos específicos en cada una de las
metas contenidas en el Plan Estratégico 2013-2017, modificado
en julio de 2013 (SNF, 2012) coinciden con la finalización de
la gestión del Auditor Superior de la Federación y restando solo
un año a la gestión del gobierno federal; lo anterior significa que
tendremos que esperar más de 4 años para ver los resultados
de dicho sistema.
Algunos de los elementos considerados para la conformación del
Sistema Nacional de Fiscalización, pueden observarse a partir de
la información disponible en el portal de la Auditoría Superior de la
Federación (www.asf.gob.mx) y más recientemente la del propio
Sistema Nacional de Fiscalización (www.snf.org.mx).