bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Efektivitas Bahan Ajar Berbasis Kearifan Lokal Cerita Rakyat Joko Poleng pada Kemampuan Membaca Siswa Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Kusumah Rita , Yani Fitriyani
Published: July 2024

The understanding of students today about the existence of folklore in their own area often does not understand much, even though it is in the learning content, the presentation that is less interesting and monotonous makes students not interested and feel bored with the learning being carried ouIn this study, researchers tried to measure the effectiveness of using teaching materials based on local wisdom of the Joko Poleng folklore. The design used in this study is one group pretest posttest. So the researcher only used one group of 27 students as the research sample.This study obtained the results that students' learning when using teaching materials that were already in the theme book got an average value of 62.96 while student learning outcomes after using Joko Poleng's folklore teaching materials were 88.89. Therefore there is an increase of 25.93 from the results before and after students use teaching materials. In this case, the Joko Poleng Folklore Teaching Material is effective for use in elementary school students.This is shown from the results before and after students use teaching materials. It is also shown from the results of the analysis. It is shown from the results of data analysis that the significance value of the paired samples test for two data, namely pretest and posttest, is 0.000, because the significance value is smaller than the value of (0.05), then the hypothesis is accepted.
Pencegahan Perilaku Tantrum Pada Anak Usia Dini Melalui Penanaman Nilai Agama dan Moral di Kelompok Bermain
Authors: Nurhayati Tine  , Juniarti Yenti , Nurzia S Ismail Nutri
Published: July 2024

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pencegahan perilaku tantrum pada anak usia dini melalui penanaman nilai agama dan moral Di Kelompok Bermain (KB) Az-Zikra Kota Gorontalo. Peneliti menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif pembahasan tentang perilaku tantrum melalui penanaman nilai agama dan moral (NAM). Subjek penelitian ini adalah satu orang anak dan satu guru Kb Az-Zikra. Objek dalam penelitian ini adalah melihat dampak penanaman nilai agama dan moral terhadap pencegahan perilaku tantrum. Pengumpulan data pada penelitian ini melalui observasi wawancara dan dokumentasi. Hasil observasi menggambarkan bahwa pencegahan perilaku tantrum pada anak usia dini melalui penanaman nilai agama dan moral dalam 6 indikator yaitu membiasakan diri beribadah, memahami perilaku mulia (jujur, penolong, sopan, hormat), membedakan perilaku baik dan buruk, kepedulian, mematuhi aturan, dan tanggung jawab. Orang tua dan guru sangat berperan penting dalam menangani anak yang berperilaku tantrum dengan melalui penanaman nilai agama dan moral orang tua dan guru perlu menjadi teladan yang baik bagi anak.
Determinants of Managerial Performance in Muhammadiyah Universities: Innovation and SDG’s 12
Authors: Biduri Sarwenda , Maryanti Eny , Hermawan Sigit , Rahmawati Fadilla , Suciati Cicik
Published: July 2024

This study aims to formulate Determinants of Improving Managerial Performance of Muhammadiyah Universities with Innovation Performance as a Moderating Variable for Achieving SDG's No. 12. The research method used is quantitative method with data collection through questionnaires. The research sample was all employees of Muhammadiyah Universities in East Java. The results showed that Information Technology has no effect on Managerial Performance, Budget Participation has no effect on Managerial Performance, but Total Quality Management (TQM) affects Managerial Performance. Furthermore, Innovation Performance can moderate the effect of Information Technology and Total Quality Management (TQM) on Managerial Performance, but cannot moderate the effect of Budget Participation on Managerial Performance. This study implies that improving the Managerial Performance of Muhammadiyah Universities can be done by implementing Total Quality Management (TQM) and supported by Innovation Performance as a moderating variable. This research is expected to be a reference for further research related to improving Higher Education Managerial Performance.
Academic Fraud Behavior From The Diamond Fraud Perspective
Authors: Anggraini Leriza Desitama , Imelda Saluza  , Andini Utari Putri  , Sinta Habibah
Published: July 2024

This research aims to determine the influence of pressure, opportunity, rationalization, capability on academic fraud. Academic fraud that occurs in the university environment includes cheating, copying from the internet, taking exams together and even using assistant for final assignments and theses. This research is quantitative research using primary data that researchers obtained from distributing questionnaires. The samples taken were obtained randomly from each batch of private university accounting students in Palembang City. The researcher processed the questionnaire using SPSS software. The research results stated that all the variables used had a simultaneous effect. The variables pressure, opportunity, capability partially have a significant effect on fraudulent behavior. In the rationalization variable, it can be seen that the significance of the results is greater than the predetermined significance, so that the rationalization variable has no effect on fraudulent behavior at private universities in Palembang City.
Training needs and educational sources of European musculoskeletal specialists: learning outcomes of the IBSA International Academy – MSK Modules
Authors: Guerrasio Stefano , Saenz Ivan , Fasola Michele , Villa Giuliana
Published: July 2024

Background: Building a meaningful training program for musculoskeletal (MSK) specialists is a major undertaking to improve the clinicians’ skills and ultimately patients’ outcome. The purpose of this study was to gather direct information from attendants of a training program called IBSA International Academy – MSK Modules on the perceived benefit of such initiative.
Methods: The IBSA International Academy has been developed during 2021 by IBSA’s Global Medical Affairs department with the involvement and support of an international faculty composed by experts in the field that has become the scientific Board of the Academy. More than 100 specialists from several European countries attended one or more modules focused on ultrasound (US) and US-guided infiltration and were asked to answer (a) a short survey just after the modules were completed and (b) a more detailed survey several weeks after their return to daily practice.
Results: A total of 114 specialists from 12 European countries attended the academy. The post-module evaluation form was completed by 94 (82.4%) and the follow-up survey by 30 (26.3%) participants. Response rate was highest for specialists from Nordic countries (50.0%) and lowest from Balkan countries (11.1%). The overall feedback of the participants to the academy was overwhelmingly positive both immediately and medium–long term after return to daily practice. About 57% of responders indicated mastering US and 30% indicated a better understanding of the anatomy as a key learning outcome of the academy. The added value of networking between peers and of direct contact with the experts in the faculty was mentioned by 77% and 53% respectively.
YUGOSLAVYA SOSYALİST FEDERAL CUMHURİYETİ DÖNEMİNDE MAKEDONYA’DA KURULAN TÜRK CEMİYETLERİ
Authors: Başaran Sinan
Published: July 2024

Osmanlı Devleti’nin Balkanlardaki topraklarını büyük oranda kaybetmesinin ardından orada kalan Türkler varlıklarını koruma mücadelesine girişti. Türkler, gerek Sırp hâkimiyetinde gerekse Bulgar işgal yıllarında büyük sıkıntılarla karşı karşıya kaldılar. Bahsi geçen yıllarda kurulmasına izin verilen cemiyetler olmuşsa da uzun süre varlıklarını devam ettiremediler. Josip Broz Tito, Yugoslavya topraklarındaki tüm halklara hak ve özgürlükler vaadinde bulunması üzerine Türklerden de pek çok kişi Halk Kurtuluş Devrimi’ne destek verdi. Böylece Demokratik Federal Yugoslavya döneminde Türkler, Makedonya Cumhuriyeti’nin kurucu unsurları arasında yer aldı. Halk Cephesi ideolojik, sosyal ve kültürel gelişimi sağlamak için çeşitli cemiyetlerin kurulmasına imkân sağladı. Bu sayede Türkler farklı adlar altında cemiyetlerini kurdular. Cemiyetlerde okuma-yazma, kütüphane ve kıraathaneler, halkın kültür seviyesini yükseltme ile tiyatro, koro ve folklor grupları şubeleri kuruldu. Cemiyetlerde bilhassa ilk yıllarda sosyalist propaganda içerikli konferanslara ve okuma-yazma kurslarına ağırlık verildi. Faaliyetlerin memnuniyet vermesi üzerine Halk Cephesi, 1948’lerden sonra cemiyetlerin sayısını arttırdı. Cemiyetlerde zaman içerisinde kültürel ve sosyal faaliyetler, ideolojik faaliyetlerin önüne geçti. Bu cemiyetler sayesinde Türkler milli varlıklarını ve değerlerini koruma ve geliştirme imkânına kavuştular. Örflerini, adetlerini, geleneklerini, folklorlarını, türkülerini gelecek kuşaklara aktardılar, edebi yönde faaliyetlerini geliştirdiler. Yerleşim birimlerinde küçük büyük demeden kurdurulan bu cemiyetlerin bazılarının faaliyetleri zayıf kaldı. Çalışma yeri, kadro ve malzeme noksanlığı, maddi zayıflık başlıca problemlerdi. Bilhassa yeri olmayan derneklerin pek çoğu kısa süre içerisinde devamlılığını yitirdi. Bunun yansıra Türkiye’ye yapılan göç, bu kurumların kapanmasının bir başka önemli nedeni oldu. Aralarında en faal olanları Ohri’nin “Kardeşlik”, Kalkandelen’in “Yeni Hayat”, Üsküp’ün “Yeni Yol”, İştip’in “Yeni Sevdah” Türk kültür güzel sanatlar cemiyetleriydi. Bu cemiyetlerin bazıları günümüzde hâlâ faaliyetlerine devam etmektedir.
Minimize the distribution cost of tortillas at Corner Kebab using the Stepping Stone method
Authors: Rini Ratih Setyo , Vidada Irwin Ananta , Istiatik Dasih Irma , Rani Rani , Saridawati Saridawati
Published: July 2024

Studi dalam penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mencari solusi optimal bagi masalah transportasi dengan memperhitungkan biaya operasi, termasuk biaya pabrik dan biaya transportasi, menggunakan metode batu loncatan (stepping stone) pada sebuah usaha kebab bernama Corner Kebab dalam konteks optimasi biaya pengantaran kulit kebab (tortilla).Metode stepping stone yang digunakan merupakan salah satu dari metode transportasi, yaitu suatu teknik yang digunakan untuk mengelola distribusi produk yang sama dari sumber-sumber ke tempat-tempat yang membutuhkannya secara optimal dengan biaya termurah.Penelitian dalam tulisan ini menganalisis proses pengiriman tortilla terhadap Corner Kebab yang berada di 3 lokasi toko kebab yang berada di Pondok Benda, Cidodol Jakarta Selatan, dan Bukit Dago dari pabrik pembuatan tortilla di MiniFroz yang berada di Jakarta Timur dan cabangnya, Defroz di Serpong.Hasil akhir dari penyelesaian masalah pada minimasi biaya distribusi Tortila pada Corner kebab menggunakan metode batu loncatan (stepping stone) ini mendapatkan fakta hasil bahwa biaya optimal yang harus dikeluarkan oleh Corner Kebab adalah Rp. 212.000,- per hari, yang menjadi lebih hemat dari sebelumnya, yaitu Rp. 212.000,- per hari yang tentunya memberikan keuntungan bagi manajemen perusahaan dalam menekan timbulnya biaya.
Kata Kunci: Transportasi, Biaya operasi, Metode batu loncatan (stepping stone), Distribusi produk, Optimalisasi biaya
Edukasi pembuatan dan penggunaan jamu yang aman, bermutu, dan bermanfaat untuk pencegahan penyakit kronis kepada masyarakat di Kelurahan Panggang Kepulauan Seribu
Authors: Syarifah Andiri Niza , Primayanti Nurul Ilmi  , Ade Abiyyatun Mahdiyyah  , Rika Revina  , Imam Prabowo
Published: July 2024

Pulau Panggang merupakan salah satu pulau yang terdapat pada Kepulauan Seribu yang terletak di utara provinsi DKI Jakarta. Salah satu masalah yang terdapat dalam masyarakat Pulau Panggang adalah penyakit kronis. Hal ini sesuai dengan laporan RISKESDAS 2018 bahwa profesi nelayan dilaporkan 13,83% memiliki hiperkolesterolemia. Salah satu penyakit kronis yang banyak diderita masyarakat adalah Hiperkolesterolemia. Masyarakat juga rajin memanfaatkan sumber alam yang ada di Pulau Panggang sebagai jamu untuk mengobati berbagai keluhan masyarakat. Namun, pengolahan jamu yang salah dapat menyebabkan efek samping dan memperparah penyakit. Oleh karena itu, tim bersama mahasiswa yang tergabung dalam Himpunan Mahasiswa Farmasi UPN Veteran Jakarta akan melakukan edukasi pengolahan jamu yang baik dan benar pada masyarakat Pulau Panggang, Kepulauan Seribu dalam rangkaian kegiatan HIMAFAR BERBAGI. Salah satu cara yang dilakukan adalah melakukan edukasi pembuatan dan penggunaan jamu yang aman, bermutu dan bermanfaat untuk pencegahan penyakit kronis kepada masyarakat di Kelurahan Panggang Kepulauan Seribu. Kegiatan edukasi dilakukan diakhir pekan sehinga jumlah masyarakat yang mengikuti kegiatan dapat optimal. Kegiatan diawali dengan pretest dengan pendampingan mahasiswa HIMAFAR terutama bagi masyarakat Pulau Panggang yang kurang dapat membaca. Kegiatan dilanjutkan dengan presentasi dan tanya jawab tentang pengolahan jamu yang baik dan benar. Di akhir sesi masyarakat kembali mengisi posttest dengan didampingi mahasiswa HIMAFAR untuk mengevaluasi apakah informasi yang diberikan dapat dipahami oleh masyarakat.
Implementasi Fatwa DSN MUI Nomor 31/DSN-MUI/VI/2002 Tentang Pengalihan Utang Di Bank Syariah
Authors: Fadillah Irfan , Widyananto Arief
Published: July 2024

The purpose of this study is to find out whether the application of the debt transfer contract is in accordance with Fatwa DSN MUI and to find out the supporting and obstacles in implementing the debt transfer contract. This type of research is field research using data collection methods in the form of interviews, observations and  literature related  with the problem under study, both as primary and secondary sources. While the method used is the qualitative description method.  The results of this study explain that the application of debt transfer begins with the provision of qardh to customers the buyback process between customers with the bank until the end of the installment installment payment period. While the supporting factors are helping and facilitate customers who want to
migrate from conventional banks to Islamic banks. For inhibiting factors is the lack of ability customers in paying installments, the customer's ability to provide the necessary funds related to financing in the debt transfer contract transfer of debt, the house that used as collateral is not feasible based on the appraisal assessment, did not get approval from the bank that will be transferred.
Chains of Currency: Manilla Money Bracelets, Early Modern Africa and the Ties That Bind
Authors: Gaouette Sebastian , Frahm Ellery
Published: July 2024

Manilla money bracelets emerged during the early modern period (ca. fifteenth century AD) as a form of currency between western Europe and West Africa, and continued to circulate until the early twentieth century. While there has been little formal scholarship on manillas, narratives abound: some histories cast the bracelets as the blood money of the transatlantic slave trade; others highlight them as the copper source used to make the Benin Bronzes; and still others uphold the manilla as a symbolically important West African cultural object in and of itself. This study begins with a history of the manilla, from its rapid proliferation to its eventual obsolescence. The term “metastasizing symbol” is proposed to describe objects like the manilla, whose propagation is underwritten by unsustainable systems of cultural difference, and thereby contains within itself the seeds for the object’s transition to disuse. The authors also describe a portable X-ray fluorescence (pXRF) analysis of nine manilla bracelets from the Yale University Art Gallery (YUAG). When compared to manilla composition data from previous studies and projected into PCA space, the nine YUAG manillas appear most similar to specimens produced in England during the mid-nineteenth century and traded extensively in British West Africa throughout the colonial period. KEYWORDS: Manilla Money Bracelets; pXRF; Transatlantic Slave Trade; Europe; West Africa; Early Modern Period; European Imperialism; Provenance
Quantum gravity and the creation of wormholes
Authors: Kruusen Marek-Lars
Published: July 2024

Quantum gravity is a very important research topic in theoretical physics because it is believed to bridge quantum mechanics and Einstein's theory of general relativity. This may be true, but quantum gravity is important to basic science primarily because it would show how gravity works on an extremely small scale of spacetime, the quantum level. Another comprehensive topic is the physics of wormholes. The physical and mathematical interpretation of wormholes has actually been known for about a hundred years, but their technical creation has not been possible until now. However, in this work, apart from the nature of the wormhole, its technical feasibility is also shown, which has not been presented before. This work is primarily aimed at an academic audience, such as students, graduate students, lecturers, researchers, but also interested parties, industrialists and even managers of technology companies and organizations. This work requires the readers to have university-level knowledge of theoretical physics and to a lesser extent of engineering.
From observation to operation: how lab spaces influence the biodesign practice
Authors: Ihls Julia , Pollini Barbara
Published: July 2024

Biodesign, an exploratory field merging design and science, represents a modern approach to transdisciplinary work, bridging traditional divides through a hybrid of practices ranging from vernacular methods to synthetic biology. The importance of both educational curricula and workplace environments in nurturing these hybrid roles is paramount, with a following focus on how laboratory spaces can support biodesigners. Historical evolution has seen laboratories transition from alchemical spaces to highly specialized areas, reflecting the changing self-perception of the natural sciences. However, the rise of Biodesign necessitates a reassessment of these spaces, making them more adaptable to the needs of cross-disciplinary work. The article examines how laboratory environments, varying from low-tech to high-tech setups, influence Biodesign practices and education, highlighting the balance between creative freedom and necessary regulations. It stresses the importance of considering laboratory space in Biodesign education to foster a conducive learning environment for working with living materials and adhering to safety standards. Additionally, it explores the potential of various laboratory configurations to accommodate Biodesign’s hybrid nature, potentially developing unique spatial typologies. Through analyzing different laboratory environments, the article aims to enhance understanding of their role in Biodesign, suggesting that a reimagined approach to these spaces can facilitate transdisciplinary collaborations and serve as a foundation for future innovations at the intersection of design and science.
Exploring inhibiting factors to affordable housing provision in Lagos metropolitan city, Nigeria
Authors: Ogundipe Kunle Elizah , Owolabi James Dele , Ogunbayo Babatunde Fatai , Aigbavboa Clinton Ohis
Published: July 2024

Different inhibiting factors have affected the need for affordable housing provisions to keep pace with the increase in urbanisation and population growth, leading to the non-availability of desirable, affordable housing goals for low-income earners. Unfortunately, these inhibiting factors continue to create challenges that affect affordable housing development for low-income earners. Hence, this study examines the inhibiting factors affecting affordable housing provisions using Lagos metropolitan city, Nigeria, as a case study exemplar. A quantitative research design was employed, using the survey to collect data from the target populations of low-income earners in Lagos, Nigeria, through a purposive sampling technique with a high response rate of 75.3%. Descriptive and exploratory factor analysis was conducted on the retrieved data and Cronbach’s alpha test to determine data reliability and interrelatedness. Thirty-seven identified inhibiting factors of affordable housing provisions were clustered into seven components: problems with affordable land and security of tenure; socioeconomic constraints; problems with conventional materials and technologies; unpredictable internal factors; absence of innovative framework and supply chain; absent of community collaboration and external economic factors; and urbanisation factors. The implications of the study findings provide a better understanding of land tenureship, improved social inclusion, community-based stakeholder collaboration, standardisation of indigenous construction materials and technologies utilisation, and housing policy reforms to alleviate the shortage of affordable housing delivery in metropolitan cities. The study recommends successful implementations of affordable housing provisions hinged on an innovative housing framework and affordable supply chain through design, standardisation of non-conventional materials and technologies utilisation and social inclusion. The study’s conclusion gives housing stakeholders, realtors, policymakers, and government agencies the ability to understand and implement strategies to overcome socioeconomic constraints, land security of tenure, and urbanisation factors to predict and improve affordable housing demand and supply in metropolitan cities.
Chronic paternal alcohol exposures induce dose-dependent changes in offspring craniofacial shape and symmetry
Authors: Higgins Samantha L. , Bhadsavle Sanat S. , Gaytan Matthew N. , Thomas Kara N. , Golding Michael C.
Published: July 2024

Although dose-response analyses are a fundamental tool in developmental toxicology, few studies have examined the impacts of toxicant dose on the non-genetic paternal inheritance of offspring disease and dysgenesis. In this study, we used geometric morphometric analyses to examine the impacts of different levels of preconception paternal alcohol exposure on offspring craniofacial shape and symmetry in a mouse model. Procrustes ANOVA followed by canonical variant analysis of geometric facial relationships revealed that Low-, Medium-, and High-dose treatments each induced distinct changes in craniofacial shape and symmetry. Our analyses identified a dose threshold between 1.543 and 2.321 g/kg/day. Below this threshold, preconception paternal alcohol exposure induced changes in facial shape, including a right shift in facial features. In contrast, above this threshold, paternal exposures caused shifts in both shape and center, disrupting facial symmetry. Consistent with previous clinical studies, changes in craniofacial shape predominantly mapped to regions in the lower portion of the face, including the mandible (lower jaw) and maxilla (upper jaw). Notably, high-dose exposures also impacted the positioning of the right eye. Our studies reveal that paternal alcohol use may be an unrecognized factor contributing to the incidence and severity of alcohol-related craniofacial defects, complicating diagnostics of fetal alcohol spectrum disorders.
MEK inhibitors: a promising targeted therapy for cardiovascular disease
Authors: Mohammed Khaled A. K. , Madeddu Paolo , Avolio Elisa
Published: July 2024

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) represents the leading cause of mortality and disability all over the world. Identifying new targeted therapeutic approaches has become a priority of biomedical research to improve patient outcomes and quality of life. The RAS-RAF-MEK (mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase)-ERK (extracellular signal-regulated kinase) pathway is gaining growing interest as a potential signaling cascade implicated in the pathogenesis of CVD. This pathway is pivotal in regulating cellular processes like proliferation, growth, migration, differentiation, and survival, which are vital in maintaining cardiovascular homeostasis. In addition, ERK signaling is involved in controlling angiogenesis, vascular tone, myocardial contractility, and oxidative stress. Dysregulation of this signaling cascade has been linked to cell dysfunction and vascular and cardiac pathological remodeling, which contribute to the onset and progression of CVD. Recent and ongoing research has provided insights into potential therapeutic interventions targeting the RAS-RAF-MEK-ERK pathway to improve cardiovascular pathologies. Preclinical studies have demonstrated the efficacy of targeted therapy with MEK inhibitors (MEKI) in attenuating ERK activation and mitigating CVD progression in animal models. In this article, we first describe how ERK signaling contributes to preserving cardiovascular health. We then summarize current knowledge of the roles played by ERK in the development and progression of cardiac and vascular disorders, including atherosclerosis, myocardial infarction, cardiac hypertrophy, heart failure, and aortic aneurysm. We finally report novel therapeutic strategies for these CVDs encompassing MEKI and discuss advantages, challenges, and future developments for MEKI therapeutics.
Different approach, similar outcomes: the impact of surgical access routes in minimally invasive cardiac surgery on enhanced recovery after surgery
Authors: Berger Veith Sarah , Holst Theresa , Erfani Sahab , Pochert Julia , Dumps Christian , Girdauskas Evaldas , Stock Sina
Published: July 2024

Objectives

Enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) is a growing phenomenon in all surgical disciplines and aims to achieve a faster functional recovery after major operations. Minimally invasive cardiac surgery (MICS) therefore integrates well into core ERAS values. Surgical access routes in MICS include right anterolateral mini-thoracotomy (MT) as well as partial upper mini-sternotomy (PS). We seek to compare outcomes in these two cohorts, both of which were enrolled in an ERAS scheme.

Methods

358 consecutive patients underwent MICS and perioperative ERAS at our institution between 01/2021 and 03/2023. Patients age >80 years, with BMI > 35 kg/m², LVEF ≤ 35%, endocarditis or stroke with residuum were excluded. Retrospective cohort analysis and statistical testing was performed on the remaining 291 patients. The primary endpoint was successful ERAS, secondary endpoints were the occurrence of major bleeding, ERAS-associated complications (reintubation, return to ICU) as well as access-related complications (wound infection, pleural and pericardial effusions).

Results

170 (59%) patients received MT for mitral and/or tricuspid valve surgery (n = 162), closure of atrial septal defect (n = 4) or resection of left atrial tumor (n = 4). The remaining 121 (41%) patients had PS for aortic valve repair/replacement (n = 83) or aortic root/ascending surgery (n = 22) or both (n = 16). MT patients’ median age was 63 years (IQR 56–71) and 65% were male, PS patients’ median age was 63 years (IQR 51–69) and 74% were male. 251 (MT 88%, PS 83%, p = 0.73) patients passed through the ERAS program successfully. There were three instances of reintubation (2 MT, 1 PS), and three instances of readmission to ICU (2 MT, 1 PS). Bleeding requiring reexploration occurred six times (3 MT, 3 PS). There was one death (PS), one stroke (MT), and one myocardial infarction requiring revascularization (MT). There were no significant differences in any of the post-operative outcomes recorded, except for the incidence of pericardial effusions (MT 0%, PS 3%, p = 0.03).

Conclusions

Despite different surgical access routes and underlying pathologies, results in both the MT and the PS cohort were generally comparable for the recorded outcomes. ERAS remains safe and feasible in these patient groups.
Periodontal ageing and its management via pharmacological glucose modulation
Authors: Neves Vitor C. M. , Savchenko Viktor , Daly James , Sharpe Paul
Published: July 2024

Periodontal disease (PD), a widespread non-communicable disease, affects over 90% of the global population with no known cure. Current management strategies focus on the stabilisation of disease progression, which is successfully achieved to a limited extent. Yet the never-ending battle between bacteria and the gingiva involves a complex interplay between genetic, microbial and environmental factors, demanding innovative approaches to improve the prevention and stabilisation of this disease. Glucose is the body's source of energy and research has shown that dysregulation of the glucose metabolism impacts PD establishment and progression, as well as the development of systemic non-communicable diseases. Metformin, a drug known for its efficacy in diabetes treatment via controlling glucose metabolism, also demonstrated cardioprotective effects, increased longevity, and anti-inflammatory properties. Metformin has been used in gel format in clinical trials for non-surgical treatment of PD, however, its systemic use in normoglycemic individuals with PD is less explored. A recent study presented compelling evidence of metformin's preventive potential, impacting PD and markers of systemic health involved in metabolic health linked to improvement of lifespan. Therefore, this review discusses the aspects of ageing as a concept in the periodontium and the potential benefits of modulating glucose metabolism through metformin to prevent PD, indirectly preventing systemic conditions involved in multi-morbidity, addressing a critical gap in current management. It also examines the choice between implementation of behaviour change and/or medication as a strategy to add to current oral hygiene strategies. Finally, it discusses the ethical implications of prescribing systemic medication in dentistry.
Near-surface velocity inversion and modeling method based on surface waves in petroleum exploration: a case study from Qaidam Basin, China
Authors: Xu Xingrong , Tian Yancan , Wu Dunshi , Xie Junfa , Wang Zedan , Zhang Tao
Published: July 2024

Surface waves are widely used in the study of underground structures at various scales because of their dispersion characteristics in layered media. Whether in natural seismology or engineering seismology, surface wave analysis methods have matured and developed for their respective fields. However, in oil and gas exploration, many data processors still tend to consider surface waves as noise that needs to be removed. To make more people pay attention to the application of surface waves and widely utilize surface waves carrying the near surface information in oil and gas exploration, this paper takes the data processing of LH site in Qinghai, China as an example to apply surface wave analysis methods to oil and gas exploration. We first preprocess and perform dispersion imaging method on the seismic record in the LH site to obtain frequency-phase velocity spectrum with good resolution and signal-to-noise ratio. Then, utilizing clustering algorithms, it automatically identifies and picks dispersion curves. Finally, through a simultaneous inversion algorithm of velocity and thickness, it inverts the dispersion curves and obtain S-wave velocity profiles in the depth range of 0–200 m. The near surface is divided into four zones based on velocity ranges and depth ranges. Additionally, we apply the surface waves inversion results as constraints to first-arrival tomography and obtain objectively accurate P-wave velocity profiles and Poisson’s ratio profiles. The results indicate that by applying surface wave analysis methods, the near surface velocity information carried by surface waves can be extracted, providing near surface velocity models for static correction and migration. At the same time, compared with the surface wave application in engineering seismology, the scale of oil and gas exploration is larger, so that the data processing of surface waves is particularly important, otherwise it will affect the picking of the dispersion curve and inversion.
Multi-device wind turbine power generation forecasting based on hidden feature embedding
Authors: Man Junfeng , Xu Ke , Wang Dian , Liu Yong , Zhan Jun , Qiu Yongfeng
Published: July 2024

In recent years, the global installed capacity of wind power has grown rapidly. Wind power forecasting, as a key technology in wind turbine systems, has received widespread attention and extensive research. However, existing studies typically focus on the power prediction of individual devices. In the context of multi-turbine scenarios, employing individual models for each device may introduce challenges, encompassing data dilution and a substantial number of model parameters in power generation forecasting tasks. In this paper, a single-model method suitable for multi-device wind power forecasting is proposed. Firstly, this method allocates multi-dimensional random vectors to each device. Then, it utilizes space embedding techniques to iteratively evolve the random vectors into representative vectors corresponding to each device. Finally, the temporal features are concatenated with the corresponding representative vectors and inputted into the model, enabling the single model to accomplish multi-device wind power forecasting task based on device discrimination. Experimental results demonstrate that our method not only solves the data dilution issue and significantly reduces the number of model parameters but also maintains better predictive performance. Future research could focus on using more interpretable space embedding techniques to observe representation vectors of wind turbine equipment and further explore their semantic features.
Supercharged cellulases show superior thermal stability and enhanced activity towards pretreated biomass and cellulose
Authors: Nemmaru Bhargava , Douglass Jenna , Yarbrough John M. , DeChellis Antonio , Shankar Srivatsan , Thokkadam Alina , Wang Allan , Chundawat Shishir P. S.
Published: July 2024

Non-productive binding of cellulolytic enzymes to various plant cell wall components, such as lignin and cellulose, necessitates high enzyme loadings to achieve efficient conversion of pretreated lignocellulosic biomass to fermentable sugars. Protein supercharging was previously employed as one of the strategies to reduce non-productive binding to biomass. However, various questions remain unanswered regarding the hydrolysis kinetics of supercharged enzymes towards pretreated biomass substrates and the role played by enzyme interactions with individual cell wall polymers such as cellulose and xylan. In this study, CBM2a (from Thermobifida fusca) fused with endocellulase Cel5A (from T. fusca) was used as the model wild-type enzyme and CBM2a was supercharged using Rosetta, to obtain eight variants with net charges spanning −14 to +6. These enzymes were recombinantly expressed in E. coli, purified from cell lysates, and their hydrolytic activities were tested against pretreated biomass substrates (AFEX and EA treated corn stover). Although the wild-type enzyme showed greater activity compared to both negatively and positively supercharged enzymes towards pretreated biomass, thermal denaturation assays identified two negatively supercharged constructs that perform better than the wild-type enzyme (∼3 to 4-fold difference in activity) upon thermal deactivation at higher temperatures. To better understand the causal factor of reduced supercharged enzyme activity towards AFEX corn stover, we performed hydrolysis assays on cellulose-I/xylan/pNPC, lignin inhibition assays, and thermal stability assays. Altogether, these assays showed that the negatively supercharged mutants were highly impacted by reduced activity towards xylan whereas the positively supercharged mutants showed dramatically reduced activity towards cellulose and xylan. It was identified that a combination of impaired cellulose binding and lower thermal stability was the cause of reduced hydrolytic activity of positively supercharged enzyme sub-group. Overall, this study demonstrated a systematic approach to investigate the behavior of supercharged enzymes and identified supercharged enzyme constructs that show superior activity at elevated temperatures. Future work will address the impact of parameters such as pH, salt concentration, and assay temperature on the hydrolytic activity and thermal stability of supercharged enzymes.
A novel vaccine construct against Zika virus fever: insights from epitope-based vaccine discovery through molecular modeling and immunoinformatics approaches
Authors: Alharbi Metab , Alshammari Abdulrahman , Alsabhan Jawza F. , Alzarea Sami I. , Alshammari Talal , Alasmari Fawaz , Alasmari Abdullah F.
Published: July 2024

The Zika virus (ZIKV) is an emerging virus associated with the Flaviviridae family that mainly causes infection in pregnant women and leads to several abnormalities during pregnancy. This virus has unique properties that may lead to pathological diseases. As the virus has the ability to evade immune response, a crucial effort is required to deal with ZIKV. Vaccines are a safe means to control different pathogenic infectious diseases. In the current research, a multi-epitope-based vaccination against ZIKV is being designed using in silico methods. For the epitope prediction and prioritization phase, ZIKV polyprotein (YP_002790881.1) and flavivirus polyprotein (>YP_009428568.1) were targeted. The predicted B-cell epitopes were used for MHC-I and MHC-II epitope prediction. Afterward, several immunoinformatics filters were applied and nine (REDLWCGSL, MQDLWLLRR, YKKSGITEV, TYTDRRWCF, RDAFPDSNS, KPSLGLINR, ELIGRARVS, AITQGKREE, and EARRSRRAV) epitopes were found to be probably antigenic in nature, non-allergenic, non-toxic, and water soluble without any toxins. Selected epitopes were joined using a particular GPGPG linker to create the base vaccination for epitopes, and an extra EAAAK linker was used to link the adjuvant. A total of 312 amino acids with a molecular weight (MW) of 31.62762 and an instability value of 34.06 were computed in the physicochemical characteristic analysis, indicating that the vaccine design is stable. The molecular docking analysis predicted a binding energy of −329.46 (kcal/mol) for TLR-3 and −358.54 (kcal/mol) for TLR-2. Moreover, the molecular dynamics simulation analysis predicted that the vaccine and receptor molecules have stable binding interactions in a dynamic environment. The C-immune simulation analysis predicted that the vaccine has the ability to generate both humoral and cellular immune responses. Based on the design, the vaccine construct has the best efficacy to evoke immune response in theory, but experimental analysis is required to validate the in silico base approach and ensure its safety.
Super-refractory status epilepticus in a woman with Aeromonas caviae meningitis: a rare case report and review of the literature
Authors: He Yanlang , Liu Jia , Wei Sheng , Chen Jianyong
Published: July 2024

Currently, there is a lack of knowledge regarding Aeromonas caviae meningitis. We report the first case of super-refractory status epilepticus (SRSE) in a woman with Aeromonas caviae meningitis. The case report demonstrates that this condition can lead to severe SRSE. Effective treatment for epilepsy is crucial for improving the prognosis for similar patients. According to Gomes et al.'s consensus protocol for SRSE, using a combination of up to one anesthetic drug and three non-anesthetic anti-epileptic drugs may be helpful and important in managing SRSE that is caused by Aeromonas caviae meningitis.
Visualization of renal rotenone accumulation after oral administration and in situ detection of kidney injury biomarkers via MALDI mass spectrometry imaging
Authors: Tenebro Chuckcris P. , Marcial Neaven Bon Joy M. , Salcepuedes Janine J. , Torrecampo Josie C. , Hernandez Rajelle D. , Francisco John Alfon P. , Infante Kristine Mae G. , Belardo Veronica J. , Paderes Monissa C. , Alvero Rita Grace Y. , Saludes Jonel P. , Dalisay Doralyn S.
Published: July 2024

The examination of drug accumulation within complex biological systems offers valuable insights into the molecular aspects of drug metabolism and toxicity. Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry imaging (MALDI MSI) is an innovative methodology that enables the spatial visualization and quantification of biomolecules as well as drug and its metabolites in complex biological system. Hence, this method provides valuable insights into the metabolic profile and any molecular changes that may occur as a result of drug treatment. The renal system is particularly vulnerable to adverse effects of drug-induced harm and toxicity. In this study, MALDI MSI was utilized to examine the spatial distribution of drug and renal metabolites within kidney tissues subsequent to a single oral dosage of the anticancer compound rotenone. The integration of ion mobility spectrometry with MALDI MSI enhanced the data acquisition and analysis, resulting to improved mass resolution. Subsequently, the MS/MS fragment ions of rotenone reference drug were detected and characterized using MALDI HDMS/MS imaging. Notably, drug accumulation was observed in the cortical region of the representative kidney tissue sections treated with rotenone. The histological examination of treated kidney tissues did not reveal any observable changes. Differential ion intensity of renal endogenous metabolites was observed between untreated and rotenone-treated tissues. In the context of treated kidney tissues, the ion intensity level of sphingomyelin (D18:1/16:0), a sphingolipid indicator of glomerular cell injury and renal damage, was found to be elevated significantly compared to untreated kidney tissues. Conversely, the ion intensities of choline, glycero-3-phosphocholine (GPC), inosine, and a lysophosphatidylcholine LysoPC(18:0) exhibited a significant decrease. The results of this study demonstrate the potential of MALDI MSI as a novel technique for investigating the in situ spatial distribution of drugs and renal endogenous molecules while preserving the anatomical integrity of the kidney tissue. This technique can be used to study drug-induced metabolism and toxicity in a dynamic manner.
Altered thalamus functional connectivity in patients with acute unilateral vestibulopathy: a resting-state fMRI study
Authors: Chen Zhengwei , Cai Yaxian , Liu Yueji , Liu Haiyan , Wei Xiu-e , Lin Cunxin , Liu Dan , Xiao Lijie , Rong Liangqun
Published: July 2024

Objective

Acute unilateral vestibulopathy (AUVP) is the second leading cause of peripheral vestibular vertigo. Full recovery of AUVP is related to sufficient central vestibular compensation. It has been confirmed that the vestibular nucleus and vestibular cortex are involved in the process of vestibular compensatory in AUVP patients. However, few studies have focused on the functional compensation of thalamus in patients with AUVP. This study aimed to explore the alterations of resting-state functional connectivity (FC) focused on thalamus using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) in AUVP patients.

Methods

Data of 3D-T1 and resting-state fMRI were collected from 40 AUVP patients and 35 healthy controls (HC). Seeds-based (bilateral thalamus) FC was analyzed to investigate the changes in FC between the two groups. Furthermore, we evaluated the associations between altered thalamus FC and clinical features in AUVP patients using Pearson’s partial correlation.

Results

Compared with HC, AUVP patients showed decreased FC between bilateral thalamus and left insula. We also observed decreased FC between right thalamus and left supramarginal gyrus. Additionally, we found increased FC between left thalamus and right postcentral gyrus (PCG), as well as increased FC between right thalamus and regions of bilateral PCG, right middle frontal gyrus and right middle occipital gyrus in AUVP patients. Furthermore, the FC between left thalamus and left insula was negatively correlated with values of canal paresis in patients with AUVP (p = 0.010, r = −0.434).

Conclusion

Our results provided first evidence for the decreased thalamo-vestibular cortex pathway, as well as increased thalamo-somatosensory and thalamo-visual cortex pathway in AUVP patients. These findings help us better understand the underlying mechanisms of central dynamic compensatory following an acute unilateral peripheral vestibular damage.
A review of curved crease origami: design, analysis, and applications
Authors: Song Keyao , Li Han , Li Yang , Ma Jiayao , Zhou Xiang
Published: July 2024

Origami structures with morphing behaviours and unique mechanical properties are useful in aerospace deployable structures, soft robots and mechanical metamaterials. Curved-crease origami, as one of the variants in the origami family, has a curve that connects two vertices as a crease compared to the straight crease counterpart. This feature couples the crease folding and facet bending during the folding process, providing versatile design space of mechanical metamaterials with tunable stiffness, multi-stability properties and morphing behaviours. However, current design techniques are mostly for simple geometries with intuitive construction, the modelling technique focuses on using the conventional finite element method, and the intrinsically complex geometries make specimens difficult to manufacture, which further hinders the development of curved-crease origami structures. Thus, it is valuable to review the state-of-the-art in curved-crease origami. This paper presents a review on the design methodology, analytical methods, and applications of curved-crease origami over the years, discusses their strengths, identifies future challenges and provides an outlook for the future development of the curved-crease origami concept.