bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mathematical Modeling and Finite Element Analysis of Residual Stress (RS) Field after Multipass Ultrasonic Surface Rolling
Authors: Shao Jinggan , He Zhanshu , Wu Genshang , Zhang Zhi , Li Chao
Published: February 2024

In order to achieve the change rule of the induced residual stress (RS) field after multipass ultrasonic surface rolling (USR), a mathematical model of the induced residual stress (RS) field after multipass ultrasonic surface rolling is first established. Then, the coupling mechanisms of the RS field after dual-pass USR and multipass USR are analyzed, respectively. Subsequently, a finite element (FE) model is established, and the influence of the interval between two adjacent rolling paths LS is investigated. Finally, both the mathematical model and the FE model are experimentally verified. The results show that both the mathematical model and the FE model can predict the RS field after multipass USR. Two adjacent RS fields will couple with each other in their overlapping regions. For a relatively small interval LS, the RS field after multipass USR can be fully coupled, so as to form a uniform compressive RS layer. In this study, when LS = 0.05 mm, the values of the surface compressive RS, the maximum compressive RS, the depth of the maximum compressive RS, and the depth of the compressive RS layer reach 426.71 MPa, 676.54 MPa, 0.05 mm, and 0.54 mm, respectively.
Enhanced Noise Suppression in Partial Discharge Signals via SVD and VMD with Wavelet Thresholding
Authors: Wang Hailong , Yao Yongliang , Zhang Guangdong , Pan Jidong , Gao Longlong , Jin Hai , Wang Chuang
Published: February 2024

Partial discharge evaluation is a principal method for assessing insulation conditions in power transformers. Traditional singular value decomposition (SVD) approaches, however, face issues like high residual noise and loss of signal details in white noise suppression. This article introduces an advanced denoising algorithm integrating SVD, variational mode decomposition (VMD), and wavelet thresholding to effectively address mixed noise in on-site power transformer assessments. The algorithm initially employs SVD to suppress mixed noise, specifically targeting narrowband interference by decomposing the noisy signal and nullifying the corresponding singular values. Post-SVD, the signal is further processed through VMD, with its modal components refined via wavelet thresholding. The final reconstruction of these denoised components effectively eliminates white noise. Applied to an input signal with a signal-to-noise ratio of -27.593 dB, the proposed method achieves a postdenoising ratio of 13.654 dB. Comparative analysis indicates its superiority over existing algorithms in mitigating white noise and narrowband interference and more accurately restoring the partial discharge signal.
The Length-Weight Relationships of Twelve Fish Species from the Heishui River, China
Authors: Wang Yongmeng , Pan Xinglin , Tian Huiwu , Wang Meng , Jin Zhijun , Lin Chenyu , Li Dongqing , Li Zhimin , Chang Li , Chen Fan , Shi Xiaotao
Published: February 2024

Length-weight relationships are presented for twelve fish species collected at 22 sampling points in the Heishui River, a priority tributary for fish conservation in the mainstream of the Baihetan Reservoir area, China. A combination of gill nets was used for sampling over a period between November 2018 and May 2021. The gill nets consisted of 12 nets per point with dimensions of 20 × 2 m (length and width), mesh size ranging from 20 to 80 mm, and soaking depth ranging from 40 to 160 cm. In addition, fixed gill nets were employed, with 10 nets per point having dimensions of 10 to 30 m in length and 1.5 to 2.5 m in width. The mesh size of these fixed gill nets was 10, 15, or 20 mm. This study presents the length-weight relationships of twelve species for the first time in the Heishui River Basin, including the new maximum body length of Pseudorasbora parva (Temminck and Schlegel, 1846). The slope (b) values for the assessed species ranged from 2.5 to 3.5. All the estimated relationships are highly significant (P<0.05) with a high coefficient of determination R2 ranging from 0.9574 to 0.9997. It is expected that the results obtained from this study will contribute to filling the knowledge gap in this area and also assist fisheries scientists in future assessment studies.
A Comparative Study on Effects of Three Butyric Acid‐Producing Additives on the Growth Performance, Non‐specific Immunity, and Intestinal Microbiota of the Sea Cucumber Apostichopus japonicus
Authors: Liu Longzhen , Wei Cong , Li Yongmei , Wang Mingyang , Mao Yuze , Tian Xiangli
Published: February 2024

The providers of butyric acid, Clostridium butyricum (CB), sodium butyrate (SB), and tributyrin (TB), have been extensively studied as aquafeed additives in recent years. However, no comparative study has been reported on the probiotic effects of CB, SB, and TB as feed additives on sea cucumber (Apostichopus japonicus). A 63‐day feeding trial was performed to assess the effects of dietary live cells of C. butyricum (CB group, the basal diet supplemented with 1% CB), sodium butyrate (SB group, the basal diet supplemented with 1% SB), and tributyrin (TB group, the basal diet supplemented with 1% TB) on the growth, non‐specific immunity, and intestinal microbiota of A. japonicus with a basal diet group as the control. Results indicated that all three additives considerably increased A. japonicus growth, with dietary CB having the optimal growth‐promoting effect. Of the seven non‐specific enzyme parameters measured in coelomocytes of A. japonicus (i.e., the activities of phagocytosis, respiratory burst, superoxide dismutase, alkaline phosphatase, acid phosphatase, catalase, and lysozyme), dietary CB, SB, and TB considerably increased the activities of six, five, and six of them, respectively. The immune genes (Aj‐p105, Aj‐p50, Aj‐rel, and Aj‐lys) expression in the mid‐intestine tissues of A. japonicus was significantly increased by all three additives. The CB group had the highest expression of all four genes. Additionally, the relative expression of Aj‐p105, Aj‐p50, and Aj‐lys genes was significantly up‐regulated in the three additive groups after stimulation with inactivated Vibrio splendidus. Dietary CB enhanced the intestinal microbial diversity and richness in A. japonicus while dietary TB decreased them. Meanwhile, dietary CB, SB, and TB significantly enhanced the abundance of Firmicutes, unclassified_f_Rhodobacteraceae, and Proteobacteria, respectively, while dietary CB and SB reduced the abundance of Vibrio. Dietary CB and SB improved the stability of microbial ecosystem in the intestine of A. japonicus. In contrast, dietary TB appeared to have a negative effect on the stability of intestinal microbial ecosystem. All three additives improved the intestinal microbial functions associated with energy production and immunity regulation pathways, which may contribute directly to growth promotion and non‐specific immunity enhancement in A. japonicus. Collectively, in terms of enhancing growth and non‐specific immunity, as well as improving intestinal microbiota, dietary live cells of C. butyricum exhibited the most effective effects in A. japonicus.
Interference in Macrophage Balance (M1/M2): The Mechanism of Action Responsible for the Anti-Inflammatory Effect of a Fluorophenyl-Substituted Imidazole
Authors: Salvan da Rosa Julia , Bramorski Mohr Eduarda Talita , Lubschinski Tainá Larissa , Vieira Guilherme Nicácio , Rossa Thais Andreia , Mandolesi Sá Marcus , Dalmarco Eduardo Monguilhott
Published: February 2024

Traditionally, the treatment of inflammatory conditions has focused on the inhibition of inflammatory mediator production; however, many conditions are refractory to this classical approach. Recently, an alternative has been presented by researchers to solve this problem: The immunomodulation of cells closely related to inflammation. Hence, macrophages, a critical key in both innate and acquired immunity, have been presented as an alternative target for the development of new medicines. In this work, we tested the fluorophenyl-imidazole for its anti-inflammatory activity and possible immunomodulatory effect on RAW 264.7 macrophages. We also evaluated the anti-inflammatory effect of the compound, and the macrophage repolarization to M2 was confirmed by the ability of the compound to reduce the M1 markers TNF-α, IL-6, MCP-1, IL-12p70, IFN-γ, and TLR4, the high levels of p65 phosphorylated, iNOS and COX-2 mRNA expression, and the fact that the compound was not able to induce the production of M1 markers when used in macrophages without lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation. Moreover, fluorophenyl-imidazole had the ability to increase the M2 markers IL-4, IL-13, CD206, apoptosis and phagocytosis levels, arginase-1, and FIZZ-1 mRNA expression before LPS stimulation. Similarly, it was also able to induce the production of these same M2 markers in macrophages without being induced with LPS. These results reinforce the affirmation that the fluorophenyl-imidazole has an important anti-inflammatory effect and demonstrates that this effect is due to immunomodulatory activity, having the ability to trigger a repolarization of macrophages from M1 to M2a. These facts suggest that this molecule could be used as an alternative scaffold for the development of a new medicine to treat inflammatory conditions, where the anti-inflammatory and proregenerative properties of M2a macrophages are desired.
III Congreso de Ingeniería de tejidos y medicina regenerativa
Authors: MEDICA ARS
Published: February 2024

LIBRO DE RESUMENES
Teachers’ strategy in conducting assessments in the new normal era
Authors: Gupitasari Venie , Retnawati Heri
Published: February 2024

Assessment is an important component of learning which aims to determine student achievement in learning. However, the pandemic has changed how assessment is carried out, prompting teachers to look for new strategies in carrying out mathematics learning assessments under any conditions, whether in normal conditions or during a pandemic. This study described the strategies used by high school mathematics teachers in assessing mathematics learning during the pandemic towards the post-pandemic period. This type of research is descriptive exploratory research with a qualitative approach. The subjects in this study were three mathematics teachers, three principals, and three vice principals from a public senior high school in Yogyakarta City, Indonesia. Qualitative data were collected by means of questionnaires, interviews, and documentation. The collected data were analyzed qualitatively according to Bogdan and Biklen. The results of the study reveal that the mathematics teacher’s strategy for carrying out assessments during a pandemic includes: i) determining the appropriate online assessment platform that suits the needs; ii) assessment based on student participation; iii) using various of online assessment methods; iv) prioritizing academic integrity and honesty in the assessment implementation; and v) carry out the management and reporting of data on the results of the assessment in accordance with established procedures.
Active learning with research based on three principles of higher education
Authors: Istiningsih Istiningsih , Unruh Thomas , Sutrisno Sutrisno , Kurniawati Urip Meilina
Published: February 2024

This study aims to determine how using an active learning model based on the three higher education principles can improve students' active learning. Qualitative research methods were applied in this study, with data collection through interviews, literature study, and observation. The results showed that active learning based on the three higher education principles was included in the "good" or "acceptable" category. The application of this model can make this campus a place with a positive academic atmosphere that enhances and supports collaboration, discussion, and positive and critical thinking. The novelty of this research lies in the use of active learning with mini-research projects, which are developed based on university principles and embody it. The hope is that this can help solve problems in the student learning process at the State Islamic University Sunan Kalijaga, Yogyakarta, Indonesia. The expected implication is that the university's policy supports applying the model to resolve learning problems and build real scientists for students.
Technology in education through mobile learning application (MLA) and its impact on learning outcomes: Literature review
Authors: Budiarto Mochamad Kamil , Gunarhadi Gunarhadi , Rahman Abdul
Published: February 2024

Integration of information and communication technology (ICT) in teacher education is a means to support the teaching and learning process. Good teaching by utilizing technology certainly requires changes, especially in the realm of pedagogy, but teachers apparently do not have enough ability to optimize ICT in the learning process. In fact, ICT has the potential to provide various benefits for teachers and students, including joint learning areas, cooperative and collaborative learning opportunities. Therefore, this research aims to identify the use of mobile learning application (MLA) and its impact as a form of ICT integration in learning. The method used is literature study, by taking data from various relevant scientific articles and books. Data analysis uses descriptive analysis from the results of the synthesis of several literature reviews obtained. The research results show that a number of 10 main articles and 15 relevant supporting articles as well as several book sources show that mobile-based learning with smartphone devices is becoming a trend at various levels of education, both academic and vocational.
The influence of flipbook learning media, learning interest, and learning motivation on learning outcomes
Authors: Bunari Bunari , Setiawan Johan , Ma’arif Muhammad Anas , Purnamasari Reski , Hadisaputra Hadisaputra , Sudirman Sudirman
Published: February 2024

The aim of this research is to investigate the influence of flipbook learning media, learning interest, and learning motivation on junior high school students' learning outcomes. The method used is the regression method with a quantitative approach. This research was conducted at Junior High School 1 Yogyakarta with a sample of 64 class VIII social studies students. Data collection consists of interviews, observations, and documentation. Prerequisite test analysis consists of tests for normality, multicollinearity, and heteroscedasticity. Hypothesis testing using simple regression, and multiple regression. The research results show that there is an influence: i) flipbook learning media on learning outcomes with a tcount of 73.33, a significance value of 0.000 0.005, ii) interest in learning on learning outcomes with a tcount of 33.678, a significance value of 0.000 0.005, iii) learning motivation on learning outcomes with a tcount of 30.678, a significance value of 0.000 0.005, and iv) flipbook learning media, learning interest, and learning motivation together on learning outcomes with Fcount 47.879 Ftable 2.77 with a significance of 0.000 0.005. The conclusion is that the use of flipbook learning media, increasing interest in learning, and strengthening learning motivation can support each other to achieve optimal learning outcomes for students.
Development of hots-based cognitive assessment instruments: ADDIE model
Authors: Maxnun Lu'luil , Kristiani Kristiani , Sulistyaningrum Cicilia Dyah
Published: February 2024

Higher order thinking skills (HOTS) are an important element in facing the challenges of the 21 st-century. Difficulty in solving problems systematically, facing challenges in an organized manner, and being unable to design original solutions are due to the low HOTS that students have. HOTS ability can improve students who low-level thinking skills in several ways, for example, through learning integrated with media, practice, and assessment or HOTS-based cognitive assessment. The purpose of this study was to develop and implement a HOTS-based cognitive assessment to assess students' HOTS abilities. The device development model used is an adaptation of the analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation (ADDIE) model. The research sample consisted of 30 students in class 11 of the Governance and Office Automation Competency Program of Vocational High School 1 Kudus. The result is that 11 students have the HOTS ability with very good criteria, 17 well criteria, and 2 enough criteria. This study suggests that a test instrument for further research is to measure students' HOTS ability. The Experts conclude that HOTS-based cognitive assessment can be used as an approach to improve students' HOTS to actively think selectively and supported by logical argumentation.
Science learning STEM-R approach: A study of students' reflective and critical thinking
Authors: Sarwi Sarwi , Marwoto Putut , Susilaningsih Endang , Lathif Yuniar Fahmi , Winarto Winarto
Published: February 2024

This study aimed to i) analyse learning problems in science at boarding schools for junior high school students and ii) determine the effectiveness of science learning in the context of Islamic teachings using the science, technology, engineering, and mathematics, -religion (STEM-R) approach to improve reflective and critical thinking skills. The research method applied in this study was a sequential exploratory mixed method. The research design consisted of five stages: i) qualitative data gathering, ii) qualitative data analysis, iii) quantitative data gathering, iv) quantitative data analysis, and v) data interpretation. The subjects of this study were 192 students from boarding schools and were divided into 6 groups. The research results obtained were the school, parents, science teachers and religion teachers’ vision and mission causing students to like or dislike science. An excellent teacher is viewed by students as someone who can make learning enjoyable, exhibit creativity in presenting educational material, possess the ability to motivate, link science and religion, engage in investigative activities, infuse humour, establish connections between science and everyday life, and communicate concepts effectively. Moreover, distinctions in reflective thinking and critical thinking abilities were observed between the experimental group and the control group. Learning that connects science and Islamic religion and examines STEM-R aspects is able to develop students' thinking skills.
Benkangen game: Digital media in elementary school Indonesian language
Authors: Mar’atussolichah Mar’atussolichah , Ibda Hamidulloh , Al Hakim Muhammad Fadloli , Faizah Faizah , Aniqoh Aniqoh , Mahsun Mahsun
Published: February 2024

The background of this research is the need for teacher innovation in developing digital-based learning media in Indonesian language learning. The research method used is research and development (RD) with the analysis, design, develop, implement, and evaluate (ADDIE) model, which consists of five research stages: analysis, planning, development, implementation, and evaluation. Data collection techniques are questionnaires, in-depth interviews, observations, and documentation that present the results regarding innovation, features, applications, and the impact of using the benkangen game in learning Indonesian in elementary school. The subjects of this study were 25 teachers from 25 elementary schools, and 66 students from 10 elementary schools in Magelang district and Magelang city. The results showed innovation in the development of game applications based on Magelang local wisdom with game features in the form of puzzles of Magelang culture and local wisdom, Indonesian language learning materials packaged in the form of questions accompanied by the number of points in each answer, and audio that reflects local wisdom in Central Java. The novelty of this research is the development of the benkangen game based on Magelang local wisdom, which still needs to be developed by teachers in Indonesia. Future research needs to explore the innovation of Indonesian language learning games through the latest software.
The Indonesian version of volunteer functions inventory: Its validity and reliability
Authors: Rukmini Elisabeth , Assegaf Raychana
Published: February 2024

The volunteer function inventory (VFI) is an assessment tool to measure individual volunteer motivation. VFI measures individual motivation to volunteer by examining the functional motives of each volunteer. This research aimed to adapt the VFI to the Indonesian language. VFI consists of 30 items divided into five dimensions. This study utilized a non-experimental quantitative research method. Samples were acquired by accidental random sampling with N = 176. In this study, reliability testing was carried out with items and dimensions of Cronbach's α. Validity tests were examined using construct validity and item analysis. The results of the Indonesian version of VFI showed high reliability and validity. Besides, the item analysis also shows that the quality of each item is excellent. The Indonesian version of VFI will be suitable for various education fields in Indonesia to measure the students' voluntary willingness in community development activities, for example, in measuring the impact of volunteerism in the Merdeka Belajar Kampus Merdeka (MBKM) social activities and other activities within the communities.
PjBL-based digital history model to improve historical concept skills and historical consciousness
Authors: Matitaputty Jenny Koce , Saputra Nanda , Judijanto Loso , Susanto Nugroho , Hanif Muhammad , Sopacua Jems , Fadli Muhammad Rijal
Published: February 2024

Digital history-based project-based learning (PjBL) in history learning is a learning medium that can provide a special attraction for students who can improve historical concept skills and historical awareness. However, there are still many teachers who have not used it, so it is very important to study it. This research aims to analyze the influence of the digital history based PJBL model in improving historical concept skills and historical awareness. The method used is quasi-experimental with two classes, experimental and control. The population used class XI high school students in Lampung, Indonesia and the sample size was 213. Cluster random sampling was used to determine sampling, while data collection was in the form of test instruments. The test instrument questions were analyzed using the gain score and Kruskal-Walli’s test to determine the increase in historical concept skills and historical awareness with the help of statistical package for the social sciences (SPSS) 26. The research results confirmed that digital history based PjBL was effective in increasing historical concept skills and historical awareness with a high score, making it the best choice to overcome obstacles in history learning.
A comparative study of virtual and insite engineering service-learning implementations
Authors: Riaji Tarek , El Hassani Sanae , Seo Young Bong , Alaoui Fatima Ezzahrae M'hamdi
Published: February 2024

The Smile project is an engineering service-learning initiative carried out through collaboration between Chouaib Doukkali University in Morocco and Pusan National University in South Korea. Since 2016, this project has been conducted annually for engineering students from both universities. Participants are selected through an oral interview, ensuring representation from different majors, years, and genders. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the project transitioned to an online mode starting from 2020. The objective of this article is to investigate the impact of the service-learning approach on learning and its potential for enhancing engineering education. This study aims to compare the face-to-face and online implementations of the Smile project as examples of this educational approach. The analysis demonstrates a strong positive effect of engineering service-learning as a learning approach, leading to the improvement of engineering students' skills and competencies. Notably, there is minimal difference between the two implementation modes of this learning approach.
How does ethnoscience-students’ worksheet (ESW) influence in science learning?
Authors: Nisa' Khoirun , Suprapto Nadi , Shofiyah Noly , Cheng Tsung-Hui
Published: February 2024

Incorporating ethnoscience into lessons through the ethnoscience-students’ worksheet (ESW) is one method to improve student interest in science learning while introducing them to the local culture. However, no research was reported the effects of ESW on students' responses and the factors that influence ESW implementation in science learning. In order to better understand how students learn through ESW, this study investigated the relationship between ethnoscience context, science learning, and the implementation of students’ worksheets. Seventy-two students participated in the survey after they studied ethnoscience learning through ESW. Students’ responses are more influenced by science learning. In addition, the ethnoscience-integrated students’ worksheets (SW) variable indirectly affects students’ responses. Additionally, ESW affects students' responses more significantly than science learning and ethnoscience. This research provides insightful implications for educators on planning, designing, and practicing ESW to enhance students’ problem-solving motivation and academic achievement. Furthermore, to contribute significantly to future researchers, further research employed the structural equation model through covariance analysis, also known as confirmatory factor analysis (CFA).
A systemic analysis of secondary school mathematics teachers' attitudes toward assessment of learning
Authors: Chafi Chaimae , Chergui Mohamed , El Wahbi Bouazza
Published: February 2024

Aware of the various issues involved in assessing learning, but also of the difficulties encountered in classroom practice of this pedagogical act, we set out in this article to explore and analyze the assessment practices of secondary school mathematics teachers and the conceptions they underlie. The study was conducted from a systemic perspective. We therefore targeted three aspects in our study: the conceptual, the institutional, and the docimological. Analysis of the attitudes declared by a random sample of mathematics teachers enabled us to confirm that pedagogical, and in particular cognitive, issues do not represent a priority for them in assessment practices. They focus more on the organizational aspect of examinations, with a remarkable lack of concern for docimological considerations to give credibility to the assessments carried out.
Transport platform stabilization mechanism using controlled suspension
Authors: Iliushina Anna , Druk Alexander
Published: February 2024

In this paper the authors present the development of a novel transport mechanism designed to perform gravity survey work on difficult terrain. Thus, in the first part of the paper the authors present review and analysis of existing patents and commercial developments of transport platforms capable of stabilizing loads while travelling in urban environments with potholes and steps. In the second part we present technical solution of a steerable suspension with a torsion bar as an elastic element based on the elimination of the drawbacks of the existing developments. The core feature of this development is the potential ability to adapt the suspension to different types of surfaces by changing the elastic characteristics of the torsion bar. We also propose an alternative to the generally accepted kinematic scheme by using a conical gearbox, which allows to achieve a tight arrangement of suspension mechanisms within the dimensions of the transport platform. In addition, authors propose the stabilization mechanism, that allows to change the clearance of the transport platform and provides stabilization of the gravity exploration research equipment, characterized by sensitivity to deviations from the vertical.
Robot Indoor Navigation: Comparative Analysis of LiDAR 2D and Visual SLAM
Authors: Messbah Hind , Emharraf Mohamed , Saber Mohammed
Published: February 2024

Robot indoor navigation has become a significant area of research and development for applications such as autonomous robots, smart homes, and industrial automation. This article presents an in-depth comparative analysis of LiDAR 2D and visual sensor simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) approaches for robot indoor navigation. The increasing demand for autonomous robots in indoor environments has led to the development of various SLAM techniques for mapping and localization. LiDAR 2D and visual sensor-based SLAM methods are widely used due to their low cost and ease of implementation. The article provides an overview of LiDAR 2D and visual sensor-based SLAM techniques, including their working principles, advantages, and limitations. A comprehensive comparative analysis is conducted, assesing their capabilities in terms of robustness, accuracy, and computational requirements. The article also discusses the impact of environmental factors, such as lighting conditions and obstacles, on the performance of both approaches. The analysis’s findings highlight each approach’s strengths and weaknesses, providing valuable insights for researchers and practitioners in selecting the appropriate SLAM method for robot indoor navigation based on specific requirements and constraints
Analysis of inertia, damping, and synchronization characteristics in grid-connected photovoltaic systems with fuzzy logic control
Authors: Prakash Mimmithi Bhanu , Sahoo Pradosh Ranjan
Published: February 2024

The integration of renewable energy sources (RES) into DC-distributed power systems (DC-DPSS) is gaining traction as a sustainable energy solution. However, the inherent variability of RES output can introduce instability into the grid, posing challenges for maintaining system reliability and stability. Fuzzy logic controllers (FLCs) have emerged as a promising approach to mitigate these instability issues, offering a robust and adaptable control strategy that can effectively handle the complexities of DC-DPSS. This paper examines the application of FLCs in DC-DPSS, exploring their effectiveness in addressing instability caused by RES fluctuations. FLCs are a control system that leverages fuzzy logic, a form of logic that utilizes linguistic variables to represent uncertainty, make decisions, and improve the stability of DC-distributed power systems. The research analyzes various system parameters, including inertia, damping, and synchronization characteristics, using a static synchronous generator (SSG) model. The study builds upon prior findings by adding a fuzzy logic controller to the existing system. The results showed better performance which resulted in improved inertia, damping, and synchronization characteristics. The efficiency of the proposed controller is demonstrated using MATLAB/Simulink.
Script late injection: a framework to introduce JavaScript into web pages
Authors: Prakash Bhanu , Sampangiramaiah Sandhya
Published: February 2024

Script injection is one type of fault present in web, which mostly utilizes user data to execute code without applying any type of filters. Script injection can impact both client and server making exposing them to vulnerabilities. Security and related products may need to execute logic on the client-side generally in a browser. In order to achieve this, proxy servers inject appropriate JavaScript code into the responses they proxy. Typically, the injection point is at the end of the body element. The framework introduced in this paper rather uses a stack-based approach to determine the injection point in the web page. Ten kilobytes from the end of a web page are given as a string input to the framework, after tokenization and construction of the vector of tokens. A stack is used to determine the injection point. Along with the position of the injection point, a warning flag is also estimated indicating the correctness of the injection point. Different types of web pages were considered for running the unit tests and fuzzy tests on the framework. These classes of pages are determined by crawling most used web pages. The injected scripts are executed once the body content is completely loaded. Hence, it can retrieve maximum information without affecting end-user performance. It also does the job at a low cost.
Hypertension in Pregnancy Among Immigrant and Swedish Women: A Cohort Study of All Pregnant Women in Sweden
Authors: Wändell Per , Crump Casey , Li Xinjun , Stattin Nouha Saleh , Carlsson Axel C. , Sundquist Jan , Sundquist Kristina
Published: February 2024

Background

Little is known about risks of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy in both first‐ and second‐generation immigrant women in Europe and other Western countries; such knowledge may help elucidate the influence of genetic versus social factors on such risks. We aimed to study both first‐ and second‐generation immigrant women for the presence of all types of hypertension (preexisting hypertension, gestational hypertension, preeclampsia, and eclampsia) during pregnancy.

Methods and Results

A cohort study was conducted using data derived from the Swedish National Birth Register, the National Patient Register, and the Total Population Register. We used Cox regression analysis to compute hazard ratios (HRs) and 99% CIs while adjusting for sociodemographic factors and comorbidities. The first‐generation study included a total of 1 084 212 deliveries and 68 311 hypertension cases, and the second‐generation study included 989 986 deliveries and 67 505 hypertension cases. The fully adjusted HR (with 99% CI) for hypertension in pregnancy among first‐generation immigrant women was 0.69 (0.66–0.72), and among second‐generation immigrant women, it was 0.88 (0.86–0.91), compared with Swedish‐born women with 2 Swedish‐born parents. Women born in Finland or with parent(s) from Finland had higher risks, with fully adjusted HRs (99% CIs) of 1.30 (1.18–1.43) and 1.12 (1.07–1.17), respectively.

Conclusions

Both first‐ and second‐generation immigrant women had overall lower risks of hypertension in pregnancy compared with other Swedish women. However, the risk reduction was less pronounced in second‐generation compared with first‐generation immigrant women, suggesting that environmental factors in Sweden may have an important influence on risk of hypertension during pregnancy.
Comorbidity of depression and type 2 diabetes in Egypt results from the International Prevalence and Treatment of Diabetes and Depression (INTERPRET-DD) study
Authors: Okasha Tarek , Mostafa Bassem Murad , Ibrahim Islam , Abdelgawad Ahmed Adel , Lloyd Cathy E , Sartorius Norman , Elkholy Hussien
Published: February 2024

Background:

Diabetes mellitus and depression are serious common diseases, and the number of people with both conditions is rising steadily. Depression in people with diabetes mellitus results in poorer prognosis through different mechanisms. On the other hand, the presence of diabetes in individuals with depression increases functional impairment that is associated with depression.

Aims:

The study aimed to assess the prevalence and factors associated with depression among adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus attending a diabetes clinic in Cairo, Egypt.

Methods:

A cross-sectional study was conducted among adult patients with diabetes type 2 attending a diabetes clinic in the endocrinology department in Ain Shams University Teaching Hospital, Cairo, Egypt. Data were collected through face-to-face interviews by trained psychiatrists and from patients’ records.

Results:

The prevalence of depression among diabetic patients was 21.8% (95% CI [15.6%, 29.1%]). Depression was more common among younger age groups and those with a higher level of education. There was no significant difference between those with lifetime depression compared to those without depression regarding physical health complications.

Conclusions:

The prevalence of depression among patients with type 2 diabetes is high. Given the impact of co-morbid diabetes and depression, diabetic patients should be routinely screened for the latter condition.
Understanding Political (In)stability in Nigeria: Colonial Force, Post-colonial Farce and Africa’s ‘Two Public’
Authors: Zibima Tubodenyefa , Sakue-Collins Yimovie , Yoroki Ebiendu Eunice
Published: February 2024

Peter Ekeh’s ‘Two Public’ – primordial and civic – is a novel invention to understanding the socio-political and economic life of African society. The two public espouses the existence of dual moralities resulting from colonialism while highlighting the divisive role of this colonial legacy in contemporary African politics and how it continues to undermine the possibility of unified praxis in post-colonies against the hydra-head manifestations of imperialism cum neo-colonialism. This paper examines why the moralities of both publics differ? Why does the two public and its dual moralities matter in contemporary African politics? We evoke decolonial epistemic lens to explore the aetiology of (Westphalian) state and how uncritical subscription to it constricts understanding of the character and functioning of post-colonial enclaves masquerading as states. The study utilises secondary data and concludes that uncritical quest for stability in post-colonial states is tautological as the state never was.
Tri-layer gradient structured micro/nanofibrous nonwovens for high filtration efficiency and low air resistance
Authors: Niu Jianxing , Zheng Yuansheng , Newton Md All Amin , Xin Binjie
Published: February 2024

The coexistence of PM2.5 pollution and the ongoing pandemic poses significant risks to human health. Protective masks incorporating high-efficiency particulate air filters offer adequate protection against PM2.5 particles. Micro/nanofibrous nonwovens, including melt-blown and electrospun nonwovens, are essential filter materials. This study focuses on the filtration mechanism and geometric structure design of multi-level structured micro/nanofibrous nonwovens. A comprehensive investigation was conducted on a filter core material composed of polyacrylonitrile, a polystyrene electrospun membrane, a polypropylene (PP) melt-blown membrane, and a supporting outer layer of a PP spun-bonded membrane. The resulting nonwovens exhibited exceptional filtration efficiency of 99.98% for PM0.3 particles, with a low pressure drop of 60 Pa at 32 L/min inlet air velocity. Filtration efficiencies of 99.99% and 100% were achieved for PM1.0 and PM2.5 particles, respectively. These characteristics make the designed composite nonwovens a very promising filter material for masks. The study contributes to understanding filtration mechanisms and developing advanced high-efficiency filter materials, enhancing protection against airborne pollutants.
The Role of Local Identity in the Usage and Recognition of Anglo-Cornish Dialect Lexis
Authors: Sandow Rhys
Published: February 2024

Despite the well attested finding that orientation to place can exhibit correlations with sociolinguistic usage, the role of place identity in sociolinguistic variation and change has been long disputed. The disputes often center around two key points. Firstly, a contested point is whether observed identity effects are independent statistically meaningful effects or whether they are corollaries of effects relating to other socio-demographic features such as age or socioeconomic class. Secondly, when place identity effects are found in sociolinguistic usage, few studies have explored the extent to which these effects can be attributed to acts of identity or to common interactions that can be influenced by attitudinal factors such as local orientation. To delve into these issues, I analyze lexical data from Cornwall and highlight the complexity involved in interpreting the role of place identity in sociolinguistic usage. I advocate, to varying extents, for both the act of identity and interlocutor frequency interpretations for different data sets.
Ripple force compensation based on ILC–ASMC for linear servo system
Authors: Chu Zhuxin , Lu Shaowu , Chang He , Song Bao
Published: February 2024

The ripple force, which displays intricate dynamic characteristics and is fundamentally nonlinear in linear servo systems, poses challenges in modeling and compensation. To achieve superior suppression of the ripple force, this paper proposes a new scheme called the iterative learning control (ILC)–adaptive sliding-mode control (ASMC), which combines ASMC and ILC. Initially, the servo system model is established, followed by an analysis of the ripple force mechanism and obtaining a simplified model. Then, an adaptive sliding-mode structure with a feed-forward component is proposed to enhance the servo dynamic response based on the design of a sliding-mode surface. In addition, a new ripple force compensator based on the ILC is designed, allowing for iterative learning from the previous period to accurately estimate the ripple force online. It is worth noting that the process is divided into the 0th iteration and the ith ( i ≥ 1) iteration to avoid the selection for initial values. The 0th iteration ensures initial system stability and provides the initial iteration values, while subsequent iterations approximate the real ripple force through iterative learning. Importantly, the controller and the compensator are combined through the same sliding-mode surface, obviously simplifying the system structure. Finally, experimental results validate the effectiveness of the proposed scheme.
An improved transfer learning approach based on geodesic flow kernel for multiphase batch process soft sensor modeling
Authors: Zhu Jikun , Xiong Weili
Published: February 2024

For multiphase batch process, the characteristics of process data under various batches differ. Consequently, the soft sensor model built for a particular working condition is inapplicable to other working conditions. Besides, each batch can be divided into several phases whose characteristics are probably different. To address the above problems, a soft sensor model based on phase division and transfer learning strategy is proposed. First, transfer learning strategy is adopted to construct a soft sensor model applicable to various working conditions. Specifically, geodesic flow kernel based on linear local tangent space alignment (LLTSA-GFK) algorithm is designed. By projecting process data to the common manifold subspace, the distribution difference of data between various batches is reduced and the performance of the soft sensor model is enhanced. In addition, sequence-based fuzzy clustering and just-in-time learning (JITL) are adopted to solve the multistage characteristic for batch process. The root-mean-square error ( RMSE), coefficient of determination [Formula: see text], and mean absolute error ( MAE) are adopted to compare the conventional soft sensing approach (i.e., partial least-square regression based on JITL, support vector regression, and back propagation neural network) with the proposed approach. The superiority of the proposed model is verified by a fed-batch penicillin fermentation process.
Poverty, adolescent males, and singing: A profile of schools in Bogotá, Colombia
Authors: Freer Patrick K
Published: February 2024

The purpose of this study was to gather and explicate the narratives of adolescent males in Bogotá, Colombia about their experiences in school choral music instruction. The data were analyzed to explore the participants’ reasons for continued or discontinued participation in school-based singing activity. There were twelve participants, ages 12 to 17 years, representing four schools with music program funding provided through the Orquesta Filarmónica de Bogotá. Interviews were conducted in-person and on-site, with Spanish-English translation support as needed. Findings reflected themes of culturally relevant pedagogy, and previous research of adolescent male choral singers’ motivations, interests, personal goals, and persistence. Two unique findings emerged, that impoverished living conditions provided insulation from common stereotypes about males, singing, and choral music; and that these same conditions amplified the importance of the music teacher in their students’ lives.
Assessment of SOX10 expression in 437 canine neoplasms of different embryologic origins
Authors: Nelissen Sophie , Miller Andrew D.
Published: February 2024

Several members of the SRY-related HMG-box (SOX) protein family are implicated in tumorigenesis, metastasis, and regulation of the tumor microenvironment. SOX10, which is involved in neural crest cell migration and differentiation, has long been recognized a sensitive and specific immunohistochemical (IHC) marker in the diagnosis of melanoma in humans. However, expression of SOX10 in other tumor types has infrequently been evaluated in humans until recently and has not been thoroughly investigated in the dog. Our aim was to characterize the expression of SOX10 in canine neoplasms to objectively assess its value as a diagnostic IHC marker. Immunohistochemistry for SOX10 was performed on 437 archived, formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissues from representative canine neoplasms of ectodermal (15 tumor types), mesodermal (13 tumor types), endodermal (8 tumor types), and mixed/unknown (7 tumor types) embryologic origin. Oral and cutaneous tumors of melanocytic origin were used as positive controls. Intense SOX10 immunolabeling was observed in most tumors of ectodermal origin, including consistent expression in mammary carcinomas, and gliomas. Embryonal and hair follicle neoplasms inconsistently exhibited strong nuclear immunolabeling. Oral fibrosarcomas and undifferentiated oral sarcomas both inconsistently exhibited moderate to strong nuclear immunolabeling. Neoplasms of mesodermal and endodermal origin lacked immunolabeling. Salivary carcinomas, representing an unknown/mixed embryologic origin, were strongly labeled. SOX10 expression is not limited to melanomas, but is expressed by canine tumors of diverse tissues and embryologic derivation. Importantly, expression of SOX10 by a subset of oral sarcomas impairs its value as a marker for spindle cell oral melanomas.
Comparative Study of Ground Penetrating Radar Systems with Time Delay Methods for Accurate Pavement Thickness and Dielectric Constant Estimation
Authors: Fares Ali , Zayed Tarek , Faris Nour , Abdelkhalek Sherif , Mohammed Abdelkader Eslam
Published: February 2024

The applicability of using ground penetrating radar (GPR) as a non-destructive technology for estimating the thickness and dielectric constant of pavement layers has been extensively documented in the literature. Time delay methods (TDMs) have been the most commonly used by researchers. However, various studies have reported different results with respect to the suitability of different GPR systems and TDMs for dielectric constant and thickness estimation. Thus, this study aims to compare the use of ground-coupled GPR and air-coupled GPR (AC-GPR) for estimating the dielectric constant of pavement materials. In the context of TDMs, the study examines three methodologies for assessing the traveled distance in the investigated layer. The study involves laboratory experiments using asphalt and dry sand. Also, it comprises a sensitivity analysis to examine the effect of different experimentation setups. The study employed two GSSI antennas: 51600S (GC-51600S) and GSSI 42000S (AC-42000S). Using the manufacturer’s recommended operation setups, the results generally indicated the possibility of simplifying the TDM calculation by considering the 42000S and 51600S antennas as monostatic for pavement materials with different dielectric constants (≥3) with an error rate within 5%. Moreover, the study indicates that using AC-GPR may be inappropriate for common midpoint analysis using the default mounting setups. These findings provide valuable insights into the suitability and limitations of different GPR systems and calculation methods for accurately estimating pavement’s dielectric constant and thickness.