bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Coordinated adaptations define the ontogenetic shift from worm- to fish-hunting in a venomous cone snail
Authors: Rogalski Aymeric , S.W.A. Himaya , Lewis Richard
Published: October 2022

Marine cone snails have attracted researchers from all disciplines but early life stages have received limited attention due to difficulties accessing or rearing juvenile specimens. Here, we document for the first time the culture ofConus magusfrom eggs through metamorphosis to reveal dramatic shifts in predatory feeding behaviour between post-metamorphic juveniles and adult specimens. AdultC. maguscapture fish using a set of paralytic venom peptides combined with a hooked radular tooth used to tether envenomed fish. In contrast, early juveniles feed exclusively on polychaete worms using a unique “sting-and-stalk” foraging behaviour facilitated by short, unbarbed radular teeth and a distinct venom repertoire that induces hypoactivity in prey. Our results demonstrate how coordinated morphological, behavioural and molecular changes facilitate the shift from worm- to fish-hunting inC. magus, and showcase juvenile cone snails as a rich and unexplored source of novel venom peptides for ecological, evolutionary and biodiscovery studies.
Artificial neural network modified heat transfer model for furnace coil rolling of magnesium alloy plate
Authors: Kong Shuping , Ning Fangkun , Ma Lifeng , Jia Weitao , Le Qichi
Published: October 2022

Through the experimental temperature measurement and numerical simulation of veneer and stacked plates with different thicknesses, the heat transfer behavior of magnesium alloy wide plate furnace coil rolling was studied. It found that the radial thermal radiation heat transfer rate of the magnesium alloy coil was greater than the thermal conduction heat transfer rate between the coil layers, and the average heating rate of the outer layer of the coil was about twice that of the middle and inner layers. A dimensionless correction factor λ was introduced to the traditional heat transfer model of magnesium alloy coil rolling process based on artificial neural network (ANN) model. After the modification, the reduced Chi-Spr of the heat transfer models of the coil rolling process was reduced significantly from 6.9195 to 1 nearby. In addition, there was a negative correlation between the plate thickness and the heating rate, and the heating rate of the sheet with a small Biot ( Bi) value to different temperatures varied greatly. The heating rate of the 3.6mm sheet augments with the increase of temperature. The cooling time of the magnesium plate was proportional to the thickness of the plate, and the cooling rate of the plate with a large Bi value varied greatly from distinct initial temperatures. The cooling rate of 6.0mm plate at high temperature was greater than that at low temperature. According to the temperature distinction of different parts of the sheet, the precise cooling model was constructed.
The translatome of Glioblastoma multiforme
Authors: Cornelissen F. M.G. , He A. , Haas R. R. , Houweling M. , Noske D. , Vandertop W. P. , Piersma S. R. , Jiménez CR. , Murre C. , Westerman BA.
Published: October 2022

Background
Glioblastoma Multiforme (GBM) is the most common and aggressive brain tumor, containing intrinsic resistance to current therapies leading to poor clinical outcomes. Therefore, understanding the underlying mechanisms of GBM is an urgent medical need. Although radiotherapy contributes significantly to patient survival, GBMs recur typically within the initial radiation target volume, suggesting remaining GBM cells are highly radioresistant. Deregulation of the protein translation mechanism has been shown to contribute to cancer progression by driving translational control of specific mRNA transcripts involved in cancer cell regulation.
Methods
To identify new potential therapeutic targets for the treatment of GBM we performed ribosome profiling of glioma sphere cultures (GSCs) under normal and radiotherapeutic conditions.
Results
We found that the global translation of genes matched and overlapped with previously published GBM subtypes, based on the transcriptional level. In addition, we revealed a broad spectrum of open reading frame types in both coding and non-coding regions, including a set of lncRNAs and pseudogenes undergoing active translation. In addition, we identified new mRNA transcripts being translated. Finally, we show that translation of histones is downregulated while splicing factors are intensively translated after irradiation of GSCs.
Conclusions
Together, our unprecedented GBM riboprofiling provides new insights in real time protein synthesis in GBM under normal and radiotherapeutic conditions which forms a resource for future research and provides potential new targets for therapy.
Prey choice and ingestion of microplastics by Common Shelducks and Common Eiders in the Wadden Sea World Heritage Site
Authors: Bange Andreas , Backes Anna , Garthe Stefan , Schwemmer Philipp
Published: October 2022

Top predators such as coastal birds are essential components of marine food webs, and understanding their trophic interactions forms an essential basis of food web models. However, at the same time, the proportion of plastic debris in marine food webs has constantly increased while the degree of plastic ingestion by marine birds is still poorly known. In this study, the diets and microplastic uptakes in two numerous benthivorous bird species in the Wadden Sea were examined microscopically, i.e. the common eider (Sommateria mollissima) indicative for the subtidal and the common shelduck (Tadorna tadorna) indicative for the intertidal area. Eiders (n = 42 carcasses; n = 120 faecal samples) mainly ingested common cockles (Cerastoderma edule). Blue mussels (Mytilus edulis) ranged second and – same as the invasive razor clam (Ensis leei) – occurred more frequently than reflected by historic data. Proportions of gastropods, bristle worms and crustaceans were low. Shelducks (n = 20 carcasses; n = 98 faecal samples) fed mainly on small molluscs, especially C. edule and mud snails Peringia ulvae, along with other bivalves, bristle worms and small crustaceans such as amphipods and a few fish and insects. Plastic debris was found in 92.9% of stomachs and 74.2% of faeces from eiders as well as in 95% of the stomachs and 85.7% of the faeces from shelducks. Most plastic consisted of brightly coloured filaments ˂5 mm. These findings indicate regular uptake and excretion of plastic debris by coastal benthivorous seabirds, both in the subtidal and intertidal realm. The origin and mode of uptake of microplastics are discussed.
Advanced Characterization-Informed Framework and Quantitative Insight to Irradiated Annular U-10Zr Metallic Fuels
Authors: Xu Fei , Cai Lu , Salvato Daniele , Dilemma Fidelma , Capriotti Luca , Yao Tiankai
Published: October 2022

U-10Zr-based metallic nuclear fuel is a promising fuel candidate for next-generation sodium-cooled fast reactors. Idaho National Laboratory’s research experience for this type of fuel dates back to the 1960s. Idaho National Laboratory researchers have accumulated a considerable amount of experience and knowledge regarding fuel performance at the engineering scale. The limitation of advanced characterization and lack of proper data analysis tools prevented a mechanistic understanding of fuel microstructure evolution and properties degradation during irradiation. This paper proposed a new workflow, coupled with domain knowledge obtained by advanced post-irradiation examination methods, to provide unprecedented and quantified insights into the fission gas bubbles and pores, and lanthanide distribution in an annular fuel irradiated in the Advanced Test Reactor. In the study, researchers identify and confirm that the Zr-bearing secondary phases exist and generate the quantitative ratios of seven microstructures along the thermal gradient. Moreover, the distributions of fission gas bubbles on two samples of U-10Zr advanced fuels were quantitatively compared. Conclusive findings were obtained and allowed for evaluation of the lanthanide transportation through connected bubbles based on approximately 67,000 fission gas bubbles of the two advanced samples.
Online medical education delivered through the Facebook platform during the COVID-19 pandemic: A qualitative study
Authors: Chambers Joshua , Mistry Khaylen , Spink Joel , Tsigarides Jordan , Bryant Pauline
Published: October 2022

Background:
The COVID-19 pandemic put extreme pressure on higher education institutions in terms of staffing and providing in-person teaching. This pressure provided an opportunity to accelerate the move universities were already making to transitioning large parts of the curriculum online. The Remote Learning project, based in Norfolk, United Kingdom had an aim of supplementing Norwich Medical School (NMS) teaching during the pandemic. It was an online program of asynchronous and synchronous teaching delivered by medical students on Facebook. After the project ended, we investigated the student and tutor perceptions of online learning delivered through the Facebook Social Medica (SoMe) platform.
Methods:
This qualitative study recruited students and tutors from NMS by email, participation was voluntary. Online semi-structured interviews of both students and tutors in the remote learning project were conducted. The data was analysed using thematic analysis.
Results:
In total, 7 participants were interviewed. Students enjoyed the informal synchronous and asynchronous nature of the SoMe platform but were concerned about mixing professional and social platforms and the potential professional implications of this. Tutors enjoyed the comments section and community feel but had concerns about data security of educational material online. Both students and tutors were concerned about distraction and productivity on SoMe.
Conclusions:
The study found that SoMe can be a credible platform to deliver online teaching which has unique benefits such as being free, easy to use and having the potential at breaking down traditional pedological hierarchies. However, it comes with limitations such as a perceived risk of distraction and the mix of professional and social boundaries. Educators should consider the ergonomics of SoMe platforms when designing online curriculums and guidelines should be considered on the use of SoMe in medical education.
A Searchable Encryption Scheme with Hidden Search Pattern and Access Pattern on Distributed Cloud System
Authors: Duan Shengchen , Liu Hong , Gu Lize
Published: October 2022

Dynamic searchable encryption methods allow a client to perform searches and updates over encrypted data stored in the cloud. However, existing researches show that the general dynamic searchable symmetric encryption (DSSE) scheme is vulnerable to statistical attacks due to the leakage of search patterns and access patterns. Although the traditional Oblivious Random Access Machine (ORAM) can hide the access pattern, it also incurs significant communication overhead and cannot hide the search pattern. To overcome this limitation, a DSSE scheme called obliviously shuffled incidence matrix DSSE (OSM-DSSE) is proposed in this paper to access the encrypted data obliviously without using ORAM. The OSM-DSSE scheme realizes efficient search and update operations based on an incidence matrix. In particular, a shuffling algorithm using Paillier encryption combines the 1-out-of-n obliviously transfer (OT) protocol to hide access pattern and an optimized padding scheme to obfuscate the search pattern with small storage overhead. Besides, a formalized security analysis and performance analysis of the proposed scheme is provided, which indicates that the OSM-DSSE scheme achieves high security, efficient searches, and low storage overhead. Also, this scheme not only completely hides the search and access patterns but also provides adaptive security against malicious attacks by adversaries. Furthermore, experimental results show that the OSM-DSSE scheme obtains 3-4x better execution efficiency than the state-of-art solutions.
CAD-based Design of Three Phase Transformer and Comprehensive Analysis for Wind Turbine Using Coupled Electromagnetic Field, Circuit and Thermal Model for 3.8 MVA Power
Authors: Cetinceviz Yucel , Sehirli Erdal
Published: October 2022

The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
Triglyceride-glucose index for the detection of subclinical heart failure with preserved ejection fraction in patients with type 2 diabetes
Authors: Wang Tingting , Xu Jiani , Zhang Hong , Tao Lichan , Huang Xiaolin
Published: October 2022

Objectives
The triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index has been identified as a reliable and simple surrogate of insulin resistance. In this study, we sought to determine the association between TyG index and cardiac function among asymptomatic individuals with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) without history of any cardiovascular disease.
Materials and Methods
The cross-sectional study enrolled 180 T2DM patients without cardiac symptoms. Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) was defined as Heart Failure Association (HFA)-PEFF score ≥ 5 points.
Results
A total of 38 (21.1%) diabetic patients were identified with HFpEF. Compared with the low-TyG group (TyG index < 9.47), patients in high-TyG group (TyG index ≥ 9.47) showed increased risk of metabolic syndrome and diastolic dysfunction (P < 0.05 for each). Furthermore, after adjustment of confounding variables, the TyG index showed positive correlation with risk factors of metabolic syndrome (including BMI, HbA1c, TG, TC, non-HDL-C, and fasting blood glucose, P < 0.05 for each) and parameters of diastolic odysfunction (E/e’ ratio, P < 0.0001) in patients with T2DM. Moreover, receive operating characteristic analysis showed that the TyG index could be better to predict the risk of suspected HFpEF than other indicators (AUC: 0.706, 95% CI: 0.612–0.801). According, on multiple regression analysis, TyG index was independently correlated with the incidence of HFpEF (odds ratio: 0.883, P = 0.0003), indicating that TyG index could be a reliable biomarker to predict the risk of HFpEF.
Conclusions
The TyG index showed a positive correlation with the risk of subclinical HFpEF in patients with T2DM, providing a new marker to predict and treat HFpEF in diabetes.
Study on microstructure and cyclic oxidation behavior of WC-CoCr cermet based Plasma sprayed coatings on austenite steel
Authors: Alam Md Sarfaraz , Das Anil Kumar
Published: October 2022

This article studies the cyclic oxidation behavior of WC-10Co-4Cr powder coatings obtained by plasma spraying on AISI316L austenitic stainless steel in an ambient air at 850°C for 50 cycles. Weight change observations of coated samples have been used to establish the oxidation kinetics, and the outcomes for the uncoated and coated specimens were compared. Utilizing scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) the coating's microstructure has been identified before and after oxidation. XRD, SEM and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) were utilized to analyse the scales surface-morphology of coated austenite steel samples following the oxidation cycle. The uncoated AISI 316L Steel had severe spalling, peeling-off, and sputtering from its oxide scale. Additionally, the scale is rich in Fe2O3, which contributed to the large weight gain. The findings showed that coatings outperform uncoated materials in terms of oxidation resistance. The coating lowered the weight gain of austenite 316 steel by 84.34%. It was discovered that the protective WO3 and Cr2O3 phase generated on the oxide scale provided higher oxidation resistance.
A real-time fire and flame detection method for electric vehicle charging station based on Machine Vision
Authors: Gao Dexin , Zhang Shiyu , Ju Yifan , Yang Qing
Published: October 2022

In the charging process of electric vehicles (EVs), high voltage and high current charging methods are widely used to reduce charging time, resulting in severe battery heating and an increased risk of fire. To improve fire detection efficiency, this paper proposes a real-time fire and flame detection method for electric vehicle charging station based on Machine Vision. The algorithm introduces the Kmeans + + algorithm in the GhostNet-YOLOv4 model to rescreen anchor boxes for flame smoke targets to optimize the classification quality for the complex and variable features of flame smoke targets; and introduces the coordinate attention (CA) module after the lightweight backbone network GhostNet to improve the classification quality. In this paper, we use EV charging station monitoring video as a model detection input source to achieve real-time detection of multiple pairs of sites. The experimental results demonstrate that the improved algorithm has a model parameter number of 11.436M, a mAP value of 87.70 percent, and a video detection FPS value of 75, which has a good continuous target tracking capability and satisfies the demand for real-time monitoring and is crucial for the safe operation of electric vehicle charging stations and the emergency extinguishing of fires.
Digital twin based dynamic prediction and simulation model of carbon efficiency in gear hobbing process
Authors: Hu Chunhui , Yi Qian , Li Congbo , Luo Yusong , Yi Shuping
Published: October 2022

The transformation of manufacturing industry to green manufacturing is one of the important tasks to achieve the carbon peaking and carbon neutrality goals, which needs to improve the use efficiency of unit carbon emission. Aiming at the defect of static model in predicting accuracy and reflecting real-time machining state, a dynamic prediction and simulation model of carbon efficiency in hobbing process based on digital twin is proposed. After analyzing the dynamic characteristics of carbon emission during hobbing, three carbon efficiency targets are defined. Then a dynamic prediction and simulation model is constructed based on convolutional neural network and dynamic discrete event system specification. The framework of the carbon efficiency digital twin (CEDT) of the hobbing process is built, and the dynamic prediction and simulation models are integrated into CEDT as virtual models. Finally, the model is applied to a case study to verify the effectiveness of the method, and the influence of dynamic parameters is discussed. This model can realize the dynamic analysis of carbon emission in hobbing process, provide support for the real-time dynamic optimization of carbon efficiency in hobbing process, and help enterprises to realize green manufacturing.
“Evaluation of an Electromagnetically Actuated Drum Brake Concept”
Authors: Guckes Lennart , Hoffmann Jens , Schrimpf Malte , Winner Hermann
Published: October 2022

In publications and conferences on the subject of wheel brakes, different concepts of electromechanically actuated wheel brakes can be found, as well as investigations into their suitability for the use in passenger cars. The vast majority of these brakes are disc or drum brakes, which are actuated by an electric motor. In the present publication, a brake concept is considered, that combines an electromagnetically actuated full-pad disc brake with a 10” duo-duplex drum brake. The brake concept is researched in a project regarding brakes for autonomous shuttles and thus dimensioned using vehicle data of an example shuttle. The electromagnet was designed using finite elements methods and the overall brake prototypically realized. The validation of the system design is carried out in component and system tests. The results show a suitability of the concept for the selected vehicle in terms of dynamics, installation space and energy requirements. However, there is a strong dependence of the braking torque output on the frictional sliding speed. Using hypothesis-based testing, electromagnetic effects like eddy currents are ruled out as a possible cause and the friction coefficient within the full-pad disc brake is identified as the main cause for the loss in torque. Consequently, the associated development conflict is identified and lies in the double function of the flux-carrying material in the electromagnet, which also acts as a friction partner for the braking disc.
Adaptation of a model for integration of interventions for alcohol use disorder in primary health care in Tanzania
Authors: Mushi Dorothy , Hanlon Charlotte , Francis Joel M , Candida Moshiro , Demissie Mekdes , Teferra Solomon
Published: October 2022

Integrating evidence-based interventions for people with alcohol use disorder (AUD) into primary healthcare (PHC) can increase access to care and reduce morbidity, mortality, and population burden. However, for the integration to be feasible, acceptable, and sustainable, there is a need to contextualize the approach and involve stakeholders. Therefore, this study aimed to use participatory methods to adapt a model for integrating AUD interventions in Tanzania’s PHC system at the community, facility, and organizational levels. Methods A mixed-methods study was used. Participants include key mental health stakeholders, experts, and PHC providers. We conducted a situational analysis to investigate opportunities and constraints in the existing systems of care, utilizing data available from the routine collection and/or in the public domain; individual semi-structured interviews (n = 11), and focus group discussions (3 groups; total n = 26 participants) and a series of theory of change (ToC) workshops (n = 32). Data from the three methods were triangulated to develop the adapted model for integrating interventions for AUD in PHC. Results The consensus long-term outcome of the Theory of Change map is to improve the physical, mental health, and social well-being of people treated for AUD to increase productivity in the community. Necessary interventions for the community were identified as awareness-raising, improving access to care, community engagement, and resource mobilization. Facility interventions included capacity building to strengthen staff competencies and supportive supervision. Organizational level interventions included strengthening infrastructure for the mental health service delivery system and financing. Identified facilitators for implementing the intervention packages were leveraging existing health system resources and recognizing that mental health was part of PHC. Potential barriers included an under-resourced health system, reflected in an inadequate number of HCPs in the community and facility and inadequate prioritization of mental health care. Conclusions The intervention packages for an adapted model for integrating AUD interventions in PHC in Tanzania have been identified, as well as their potential barriers and facilitators to the feasibility of implementation. There is a need to pilot the adapted model to inform plans for wider implementation or scaling up.
The effect of addition Eriobotrya japonica L. on probiotic yogurts physicochemical, microbiological, and sensory properties
Authors: turgut tamer , diler abdulkerim
Published: October 2022

This study aimed to investigate the effects of loquat (Eriobotrya japonicaL.) marmalade (LM) supplementation in probiotic yogurt and the viability ofBifidobacteriassp and its effect on the quality characteristics of yogurt were also investigated. For this purpose, four types of yogurt, including plain yogurt, yogurt with %5 LM, 10% LM, and 15% LM, were prepared. physicochemical properties, microbial growth, and textural and sensory properties were investigated on days 1, 7, 14, and 21 during storage. The addition of LM to yogurt significantly affected total dry matter, fat, pH, titratable acidity, syneresis, water-holding capacity values, and color parameters (L*, a*, b*) during storage time. The addition of LM caused an increase in L* values, while an increase in a* value. Yogurts containing % 10 and % 15 LM demonstrated lower syneresis than the control sample during storage. The viability of bifidobacteria in yogurt was not affected by the LM addition. The highest overall acceptance sensory score was observed in the yogurts containing 15% LM.
Integrated use of ligand and structure based virtual screening, molecular dynamics, free energy calculation and ADME prediction for the identification of potential PTP1B inhibitors
Authors: Devi Bharti , Vasishta Sumukh Satyanarayana , Das Bhanuranjan , Baidya Anurag TK , Rampa Rahul Salmon , Mahapatra Manoj Kumar , Kumar Rajnish
Published: October 2022

Protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs) are the group of enzymes that control both cellular activity and the dephosphorylation of tyrosine (Tyr)-phosphorylated proteins. Dysregulation of PTP1B has contributed to numerous diseases including Diabetes Mellitus, Alzheimer’s disease, and obesity rendering PTP1B as a legitimate target for therapeutic applications. However, it is highly challenging to target this enzyme because of its highly conserved and positively charged active-site pocket motivating researchers to find novel lead compounds against it. The present work makes use of an integrated approach combining ligand based and structure-based virtual screening to find hit compounds targeting PTP1B. Initially, pharmacophore modelling was performed to find common features like two hydrogen bond acceptors, an aromatic ring and one hydrogen bond donor from the ligands with reported inhibition activity against PTP1B. The dataset of compounds matching with the common pharmacophoric features was filtered to remove Pan-Assay Interference substructure and to match the Lipinski criteria. Then, compounds were further prioritized using molecular docking and top fifty compounds with good binding affinity were selected for ADME predictions. The top five compounds with high solubility, absorption and permeability holding score of -10 to -9.3 kcal/mol along with Ertiprotafib were submitted to all-atom molecular dynamic (MD) studies. The MD studies and binding free energy calculations showed that compound M4, M5 and M8 were having better binding affinity for PTP1B enzyme with ∆Gtotal score of -24.25, -31.47 and -33.81 kcal/mol respectively than other compounds indicating that compound M8 could be a suitable lead compound for PTP1B enzyme inhibition.
Cost-effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccination in Latin America and the Caribbean: an analysis in Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Mexico, and Peru.
Authors: Federico Augustovski , Ariel Bardach , Adrián Santoro , Federico Rodriguez Cairoli , Alejandro Lopez Osornio , Fernando Argento , Maissa Havela , Alejandro Blumenfeld , Jamile Ballivian , Germán Solioz , Analía Capula , Analía López , Cintia Cejas , William Savedoff , Alfredo Palacios , Rubinstein Adolfo , Riviere Andres Pichon
Published: October 2022

Objective. Our study analyzes the cost-effectiveness of the COVID-19 vaccination campaign in Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Mexico, and Peru.
Methods. Using a previously published SVEIR model, we analyzed the impact of a vaccination campaign (2021) from a national healthcare perspective. The primary outcomes were quality adjusted life years (QALYs) lost and total costs. Other outcomes included COVID-19 cases, hospitalizations, deaths, and life years. We applied a discount rate of 3% for health outcomes. We modeled a realistic vaccination campaign in each country (the country-specific campaign implemented). Additionally, we assessed a standard campaign (similar, “typical“ for all countries), and an optimized campaign (similar in all countries with higher but plausible population coverage). One-way deterministic sensitivity analyses were performed.
Findings. Vaccination was health improving as well as cost-saving in almost all countries and scenarios. Our analysis shows that vaccination in this group of countries prevented 573,141 deaths (508,826 standard; 685,442 optimized) and gained 5.07 million QALYs (4.53 standard; 6.03 optimized). Despite the incremental costs of vaccination campaigns, they had a total net cost saving to the health system of US$16.29 billion (US$16.47 standard; US$18.58 optimized). The realistic vaccination campaign in Chile was the only scenario, which was not cost saving, but it was still highly cost-effective with an ICER of US$22 per QALY gained. Main findings were robust in the sensitivity analyses.
Interpretation. The COVID-19 vaccination campaign in seven Latin American and Caribbean countries -that comprise nearly 80% of the region- was beneficial for population health and was also cost-saving or highly cost-effective.
Shumkonia mesophila gen. nov., sp. nov., a novel representative of the order Rhodospirillales and proposal of Shumkoniaceae fam. nov
Authors: Yang Min , Zhang Xue , Li Jiang , Fan Hui , Ma Shichun , Dai Lirong , Cheng Lei
Published: October 2022

A facultatively anaerobic, mesophilic, chemoorganoheterotrophic bacterium, designated YP2T, was isolated from oil sludge enrichment in China. Cells of the strain were Gram-stain-negative, non-motile, rod-shaped or slightly curved with 0.8–3.0 µm in length and 0.4–0.6 µm in diameter. Spore formation was not observed. The strain YP2T grew optimally at 25 oC (range from 15 to 30 oC) and pH 7.1 (range from pH 7.1 to 8.3) without NaCl. The major cellular fatty acids were C16:0, sum in feature 3 (C16:1 ω7c and/or C16:1 ω6c), sum in feature 8 (C18:1 ω7c and/or C18:1 ω6c), and the main polar lipids were aminolipid, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol, phospholipid and unidentified lipids. The respiratory quinone was Q-10. The DNA G + C content was 66.0%. Strain YP2T shared 90.2% 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity with the most related Oceanibaculum nanhaiense L54-1-50T belonging to the order Rhodospirillales of the class Alphaproteobacteria. Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain YP2T formed a distinct evolutionary lineage within the order Rhodospirillales. On the basis of phenotypic, phylogenetic and phylogenomic data, we propose that strain YP2T represents a novel species in a novel genus, for which Shumkonia mesophila gen. nov., sp. nov., within a new family Shumkoniaceae fam. nov.. The type strain is YP2T (= CCAM 826T = JCM 34766T).
Meet MASKS: A novel Multi-Classifier's verification approach
Authors: Dehkordi Amirhoshang Hoseinpour , Alizadeh Majid , Movaghar Ali
Published: October 2022

In this study, a new ensemble approach for classifiers is introduced. A verification method for better error elimination is developed through the integration of multiple classifiers. A multi-agent system comprised of multiple classifiers is designed to verify the satisfaction of the safety property. In order to examine the reasoning concerning the aggregation of the distributed knowledge, a logical model has been proposed. To verify predefined properties, a Multi-Agent Systems' Knowledge-Sharing algorithm (MASKS) has been formulated and developed. As a rigorous evaluation, we applied this model to the Fashion-MNIST, MNIST, and Fruit-360 datasets, where it reduced the error rate to approximately one-tenth of the individual classifiers.
Lipo-MGN Nanoparticle Hypoxia Attenuation Mediated Single-dose Radiotherapy and pH/ROS Responsive T1 Contrast Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Thomas Reju George , Kim Subin , Nagareddy Raveena , Vijayan Veena , Pullickal Ansuja Mathew , Yoon Mee Sun , Park In Kyu , Jeong Yong Yeon
Published: October 2022

Tumour hypoxia is an important factor for developing resistance to radiation therapy (RT) and present a bleak prognosis in cancer patients undergoing treatment for RT resistant hepatocellular carcinoma. Here, we present the synthesis of liposome-coated Mn3O4 (MGN) nanoparticles (Lipo-MGN) and investigation of their therapeutic potential with RT utilizing a HepG2 cancer model. According to in-vitro research, Lipo-MGN effectively produced oxygen in the presence of H2O2 and significantly reduced the expression of HIF-1 in human HepG2 cells that were under hypoxic conditions. Lipo-MGN reversed the radio-resistance brought on by hypoxia and increased cell damage. When Lipo-MGN and RT were administered together in a HepG2 xenograft mice model, the tumor growth was delayed more than with RT alone. As determined by histochemistry, liposome-MGN also inhibited tumor angiogenesis. According to these findings, Lipo-MGNs may increase the impact of RT by simultaneously focusing on angiogenesis and tumor hypoxia. Hypoxic, radioresistant HepG2 cancer may be treated with Lipo-MGN in clinical studies.
Proactive resource management for cloud of services environments
Authors: Marques Gonçalo , Senna Carlos , Sargento Susana , Carvalho Luís , Pereira Luís , Matos Ricardo
Published: October 2022

Microservices offer advantages such as better fault isolation, smaller and faster deployments, scalability in addition to streamlining the development of new applications through composition of services. However, their large-scale usage, specific purposes and requirements increase the challenges of management systems that require a monitoring capable of accurately detecting the specific resources that are lacking for a service, and providing them according to the requirements.
To meet these new management challenges, we propose a monitoring and management system for microservices, containers and container clusters that autonomously predicts load variations and resource scarcity, which is capable of making new resources available in order to ensure the continuity of the process without interruptions.Our solution's architecture allows for customizable service-specific metrics that are used by the load predictor to anticipate resource consumption peaks and proactively allocate them. In addition, our management system, by identifying/predicting low demand, frees up resources making the system more efficient.
We evaluated our solution in the Amazon Web Services environment, where different services were installed for users of a vehicular network, an environment that is characterized by high mobility, dynamic topologies caused by disconnection, dropped packets, and delay problems.Our results show that our solution improves the efficiency of escalation policies, and reduces response time by improving the QoS/QoE of the system.
Polyamine metabolism patterns characterized tumor microenvironment, prognosis, and response to immunotherapy in colorectal cancer
Authors: Zhang Enkui , Ding Chengsheng , Li Shuchun , Aikemu Batuer , Zhou Xueliang , Fan Xiaodong , Sun Jing , Yang Xiao , Zheng Minhua
Published: October 2022

Background
Changes of Polyamine metabolism (PAM) have been shown to establish a suppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) and substantially influence the progression of cancer in the recent studies. However, newly emerging data were still unable to fully illuminate the specific effects of PAM in human cancers. Here, we analyzed the expression profiles and clinical relevance of PAM genes in CRC.
Methods
Based on unsupervised consistent clustering and PCA algorithm, we designed a scoring model to evaluate the prognosis of CRC patients and characterize the TME immune profiles, with related independent immunohistochemical validation cohort. Through comparative profiling of cell communities defined by single cell sequencing data, we characteristic of polyamine metabolism in the TME of CRC.
Results
Three PAM patterns with distinct prognosis and TME features were recognized from 1224 CRC samples. Moreover, CRC patients could be divided into high- and low-PAMscore subgroups by PCA-based scoring system. High PAMscore subgroup were associated to more advanced stage, higher infiltration level of immunosuppressive cells, and unfavorable prognosis. These results were also validated in CRC samples from other public CRC datasets and our own cohort, which suggested PAM genes were ideal biomarkers for predicting CRC prognosis. Notably, PAMscore also corelated with microsatellite instability-high (MSI-H) status, higher tumor mutational burden (TMB), and higher levels of immune checkpoint gene expression, implying a potential role of PAM genes in regulating response to immunotherapy. To further verify above results, we demonstrated a high-resolution landscape of TME and cell-cell communication network in different PAM patterns with single cell sequencing data and found that polyamine metabolism affected the communication between cancer cells and several immune cells such as T cells, B cells and myeloid cells.
Conclusion
In total, our findings highlighted the significance of polyamine metabolism in shaping the formation of TME and predicting the prognosis of CRC patients, providing novel strategies for immunotherapy and the targeting therapy of polyamine metabolites.
Modelling the impact of atmospheric heat accumulation on glacier mass balance
Authors: Matthews Tom , Perry Lester , Guy Heather , Wilby Robert , Edwards Tamsin
Published: October 2022

Air temperature (Ta) is ubiquitous in empirical modelling of future glacier extent. However, we argue that this long-held convention should be overturned in favour of the equivalent temperature Te, because the latter is proportional to the total (sensible plus latent) atmospheric heat exchange with a moist surface. From polar to tropical regions we show that variations in the glacier surface energy balance are better captured using Te, with the largest improvement in the critical tropical water tower regions. Similarly, we find that Te can discriminate more skilfully between rain and snow at 90 % of 5509 locations assessed. We also find that on-glacier Te is easier to infer from spatially coarse climate data. For these reasons we conclude that there are very strong, theoretical, empirical, and practical motivations for a paradigm shift in replacing Ta with Te to simulate the impacts of rising atmospheric heat content on glacier mass balance.
Respiration organizes gamma synchrony in the prefronto-thalamic network
Authors: Basha Diellor , Chauvette Sylvain , Sheroziya Maxim , Timofeev Igor
Published: October 2022

Multiple cognitive operations are associated with the emergence of gamma oscillations in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) although little is known about the mechanisms that control this rhythm. Using local field potential (LFP) recordings from cats, we show that periodic bursts of gamma recur with 1 Hz regularity in the wake mPFC and are locked to the exhalation phase of the respiratory cycle. Respiration organizes long-range coherence in the gamma band between the mPFC and the nucleus reuniens the thalamus (Reu), linking the prefrontal cortex and the hippocampus. In vivo intracellular recordings of the mouse thalamus reveal that respiration timing is propagated by synaptic activity in Reu and likely underlies the emergence of gamma bursts in the prefrontal cortex. Our findings highlight breathing as an important substrate for long-range neuronal synchronization across the prefrontal circuit, a key network for cognitive operations.
Time-resolved small RNA transcriptomics of the ichthyosporean Sphaeroforma arctica
Authors: Ondracka Andrej , Dudin Omaya , Bråte Jon
Published: October 2022

Objectives:
Ichthyosporea, a clade of holozoans, represent a clade closely related to animals, and thus hold a key phylogenetic position for understanding the origin of animals. We have previously discovered that an ichthyosporean, Sphaeroforma arctica,contains microRNAs (miRNAs) as well as the miRNA processing machinery. This was the first discovery of miRNAs among the closest single-celled relatives of animals and raised intriguing questions about the roles of regulatory small RNAs in cell development and differentiation in unicellular eukaryotes. Like many ichthyosporeans, S. arctica also undergoes a transient multicellular developmental life cycle. As miRNAs are, among other roles, key regulators of gene expression during development in animals, we wanted to investigate the dynamics of miRNAs during the developmental cycle in S. arctica.
Data description:
We have collected a comprehensive time-resolved small RNA transcriptome linked to specific life stages with a substantially higher sequencing depth than before, which can enable further discovery of functionally relevant small RNAs. The data consists of Illumina-sequenced small RNA libraries from two independent biological replicates of the entire life cycle of S. arctica with high temporal resolution. The dataset is directly linked and comes from the same samples as a previously published mRNA-seq dataset, thus enabling direct cross-functional analyses.
Giant solitary fibrous tumor of the pelvis invading the rectum and bladder: a rare case report in an adolescent
Authors: Cao Qingle , Song Defeng , Song Bin , Jin Yinzhi
Published: October 2022

Background

Pelvic solitary fibrous tumor is a rare spindle-cell tumor arising from mesenchymal tissue, usually benign. However, its malignant form is an extremely rarer, and more aggressive disease. Our review of previous literature found that it has not been reported in adolescents younger than 18 years. Herein, we describe a case of pelvic giant solitary fibrous tumor with rectum and bladder invasion in a 16-year-old girl and summarize the diagnosis and treatment experience to further improve the existing management of solitary fibrous tumor.

Case Description

Retrospectively analyzed a 16-year-old girl admitted to our department with irregular menstruation and increased menstrual bleeding for 2 months. A computed tomography scan of the abdomen demonstrated an 11.2×7.5×8.9 cm isodense space-occupying lesion in the pelvis. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography showed heterogeneous enhancement, which was considered a tumor of mesenchymal origin. Pelvic mass resection, bladder repair, and right ureteral stent placement were performed. It was confirmed that the mass invaded the upper rectal and the right bladder wall during the operation. After complete resection of the tumor, malignant solitary fibrous tumor was diagnosed in combination with histopathology and immunohistochemistry. The patient survived well with no tumor metastasis or recurrence in 4 months of postoperative follow-up.

Conclusion

This case report suggests that pelvic solitary fibrous tumor is rarely seen clinically. Because of its non-specific clinical manifestation and imaging, definite diagnosis is mainly based on histopathology and immunohistochemistry. Complete resection of the tumor is the first-line treatment, and most patients have a good prognosis.
Supraclavicular artery island flap for postoperative esophageal defect reconstruction in a tubular esophageal duplication adult: A case report
Authors: Yang Xin , Jiang Zheng , Liu Jun , Chen Fei
Published: October 2022

Background

Adult esophageal duplication is a congenital anomaly which is rarely seen in clinical settings. Adult tubular esophageal duplication has only been reported in very few cases.

Case presentation

A patient presented with odynophagia and dysphagia, gastroscopy and X-ray contrast imaging showed formation of a fistula in the upper esophagus connecting to a sinus tract traveling along the esophagus. An open surgery was conducted after the initial infection management, the esophageal tubular duplication was resected and the defect was reconstructed by supraclavicular artery island flap. Post-operative recovery was uneventful and patient’s odynophagia and dysphagia were relieved.

Conclusions

Esophageal duplication can be effectively detected by lipiodolography and gastroscopy. The current treatment of choice is surgical excision, and the supraclavicular artery island flap (SAI) flap is a technique of great potential in post-operative esophageal defect reconstruction.
Perceptions and practices surrounding the perioperative management of frail emergency surgery patients: a WSES endorsed cross-sectional qualitative survey
Authors: Viswanath Mallaika , Clinch Darja , Ceresoli Marco , Dhesi Jugdeep , D'oria Mario , De Simone Belinda , Podda Mauro , Saverio Salomone Di , Coccolini Federico , Sartelli Massimo , Catena Fausto , Moore Ernest , Rangar Deepa , Biffl Walter L. , Damaskos Dimitrios
Published: October 2022

Background
Frailty is associated with poor post-operative outcomes in emergency surgical patients. Shared multidisciplinary models have been developed to provide a holistic, reactive model of care to improve outcomes for older people living with frailty. We aimed to describe current perioperative practices, and surgeons’ awareness and perception of perioperative frailty management, and barriers to its implementation.
Methods
A qualitative cross-sectional survey was sent via the World Society of Emergency Surgery e-letter to their members. Responses were analysed using descriptive statistics and reported by themes: risk scoring systems, frailty awareness and assessment and barriers to implementation.
Results
Of 168/1000 respondents, 38% were aware of the terms “Perioperative medicine for older people undergoing surgery” (POPS) and Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment (CGA). 66.6% of respondents assessed perioperative risk, with 45.2% using the American Society of Anaesthesiologists Physical Status Classification System (ASA-PS). 77.8% of respondents mostly agreed or agreed with the statement that they routinely conducted medical comorbidity management, and pain and falls risk assessment during emergency surgical admissions. Although 98.2% of respondents agreed that frailty was important, only 2.4% performed CGA and 1.2% used a specific frailty screening tool. Clinical frailty score (CFS) was the most commonly used tool by those who did. Screening was usually conducted by surgical trainees. Key barriers included lack of knowledge around frailty assessment, a lack of clarity on who should be responsible for frailty screening, and lack of trained staff.
Conclusions
Our study highlights the ubiquitous lack of awareness regarding frailty assessment and the POPS model of care. More training and clear guidelines on frailty scoring, alongside support by multidisciplinary teams may reduce the burden on surgical trainees, potentially improving rates of appropriate frailty assessment and management of the frailty syndrome in emergency surgical patients.
A comprehensive audit of record keeping practice in surgical inpatients records.
Authors: Gasoma Elmuhtadi , Abdalla Islam , Afif Mohammed
Published: October 2022

Background
Good quality record keeping is essential to safe and effective patient care. To ensure that high standards of record keeping are maintained, regular clinical audit should be undertaken. A retrospective, descriptive study was carried out to audit and re-audit the documentation of surgical inpatient records in order to determine if the current documentation technique complies with the hospital's stated policy .
AIMS / OBJECTIVES
The main aim of the audit project was to examine current documentation process at the hospital & look at ways in which existing practice could be improved.
METHOD
By using standard hospital criteria as a basis , an electronic forma was developed to audit the standards. 120 case files retrospectively served as the primary source for the data collected. The records were assessed for completeness of documentation and presence of documentation in the correct section. The data was collected, analyzed, and presented at clinical governance. We then implemented in our documentation protocol for all surgical personnel to be given instructions on the appropriate documentation and how to complete it. This data was again, prospectively collected to complete the audit cycle.
RESULTS
Of the 37 audit standards that are comparable, 35 increased in compliance. No compliance in any of the standards of the criteria decreased in the re-audit cycle . Overall, there is an average increase in compliance across all the audit criteria of 32% since the first audit cycle , indicating that some of the work done after the first cycle has had a positive impact.
DISCUSSION / CONCLUSIONS
The keeping of records must be viewed as an essential component of medical practice; The ongoing documentation keeping work shows that when done well, audit can have a real impact on the quality of clinical records . Simply undertaking the audit can raise awareness of the need to improve practice. Dissemination of results, education and training and local action planning are all crucial to improving practice .