bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analisis Akustik Bunyi Sibilant Bahasa Jepang pada Pembelajar Bahasa Jepang di Indonesia yang Berbahasa Ibu Bahasa Jawa
Authors: Hernawati Heni
Published: November 2020

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the characteristics of Japanese sibilant sound observed from the acoustic analysis. The data of this study were in the form of sound samples from 16 respondents who spoke Javanese in Japanese language learners at the university and 8 Japanese native speakers. The respondents were asked to pronounce vocabulary containing Japanese sibilant sounds at the beginning and middle of a total of 72 words which have meaning. Then, the sample of Indonesian and Japanese respondent's sound was measured using Praat software to find their duration, intensity and Center of Gravity (CoG) of the sibilant sound. The measurement results are carried out an analysis of 2 factors, namely consonant type and sound position, using anova statistics. The duration, intensity and Center of Gravity measurement results show that the two factors (consonant type and sound position) are statistically significant. The distribution of sibilant sound duration is from 68 ms to 144 ms, and the distribution of sibilant sound intensity is from 50 dB to 60 dB. The results of the Center of Gravity (CoG) measurements show that among the learners, the CoG values ​​are in the average range of /s/ = 7 kHz, /z/ = 6 kHz, /ɕ/ = 5 kHz, and /ʑ/ = 4 kHz, while among the native speakers, the CoG values ​​are in the average range of /s/ = 8 kHz, /z/ = 8 kHz, /ɕ/ = 6 kHz, and /ʑ/ = 6 kHz.

Key words: (a) acoustic analysis, (b) Japanese sibilant, (c) duration, (d) Center of Gravity (CoG)
Metode Tuning Operating Range Fuzzy PID Controller pada Sistem Orde Tiga
Authors: Sutarna Nana , Purwanti B. S. Rahayu
Published: November 2020

This research discusses the development of a model Fuzzy Proportional, Integral, Derivative (Fuzzy PID) controller models and self-tuning. This method has been implemented in the third-order system of Differential Equations, as a sample implementation of a PID controller. The methods self-tuning known are fuzzy rules, membership function (MF), and scaling factor. The focus of the discussion in this research is to introduce self-tuning to the operating range (OR) setting of MF. Previous research has succeeded in converting a PID controller to a Fuzzy Logic Controller (FLC) which is in accordance with the PID structure. The FLC has three inputs and one output as in the PID controller, hereinafter referred to as Fuzzy PID controller. Knowledgebase on the FLC structure of three inputs one output is expressed in the form of cubic fuzzy associative memory (FAM). The conversion was done by mapping errors, integrals error, derivative errors and outputs of PID controller into the OR of MF Fuzzy input/output. The size of the OR conversion value on the MF fuzzy input was set, so the response transient is set-to-point. While the OR value of the MF fuzzy output was fixed as a limitation. Improved settling time was reached up to 75.3% and percent overshoot was reduced by 57.7% in Fuzzy PID with PID controller. The output signal from the Fuzzy PID controller showed the smallest amplitude of 24.12, while the PID controller was 32.53. The amplitude unit depends on the Fuzzy PID controller parameters when it applied the real plant. The third-order Fuzzy PID controller has been successfully simulated in Simulink/Matlab.
PENGEMBANGAN BUKU PENGAYAAN BERGAMBAR KETERAMPILAN MENULIS (MERINGKAS) UNTUK SISWA KELAS VII SE-KECAMATAN PEMALANG
Authors: Kamalia Isya Dina
Published: November 2020

Abstrak: Siswa kelas VII SMP idelanya sudah bisa menghasilkan ringkasan cerita yang baik. Akan tetapi sebagaian besar siswa kelas VII SMP di Kecamatan Pemalang masih kesulitan dan tidak tahu cara meringkas cerita yang benar. Selain buku paket dan LKS, sekolah belum menyediakan buku lain untuk mendukung kegiatan belajar siswa dalam memahami pembelajaran meringkas cerita. Penyebab siswa belum tahu tentang cara meringkas yang benar adalah karena buku yang memuat tentang cara meringkas cerita belum ada. masalah tersebut berpengaruh terhadap keterampilan menulis siswa dalam mengembangkan ringkasan yang baik. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah (1) menganalisis kebutuhan guru dan siswa terhadap buku pengayaan keterampilan menulis (meringkas) bergambar, (2) menyusun prototipe buku pengayaan keterampilan menulis (meringkas) bergambar, (3) mendeskripsikan hasil uji validasi ahli pengembangan buku pengayaan keterampilan menulis (meringkas) bergambar. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan Research and Development (R&D).Hasil penelitian ini berupa buku pengayaan bergambar keterampilan menulis (meringkas) yang berjudul Wasis Ngringkes Crita.

Kata kunci: buku pengayaan, keterampilan meringkas

Abstract: The seventh grade junior high school students have been able to produce a good summary of the story. But most of the VII grade students of SMP in Pemalang Subdistrict are still having difficulties and do not know how to summarize the true story. In addition to textbooks and LKS, schools have not provided other books to support student learning activities in understanding learning to summarize stories. The reason for students not knowing about how to summarize the right one is because the book that contains how to summarize the story does not yet exist. the problem affects students' writing skills in developing good summaries. The objectives of this study are (1) to analyze the needs of teachers and students for illustrative illustrative writing enrichment books, (2) to compile prototypes of enrichment writing (summarizing) illustrative books, (3) to describe the results of expert validation test writing skills enrichment books ( summarize) pictorial. This research uses a Research and Development (R & D) approach. The results of this study are in the form of a book enriching writing skills (summarizing) pictorial entitled Wasis Ngringkes Crita.

Keywords: enrichment books, summarizing skills
Pengembangan Buku Pengayaan Teks Dialog Banyumasan Berbasis Pitutur Luhur Pupuh Gambuh untuk Siswa Kelas VIII SMP
Authors: Hayati Meyla Nur , Nugroho Yusro Edy , Purnomo Sucipto Hadi
Published: November 2020

The objectives of this study are (1) to describe the needs of Javanese junior high school language students and teachers in Banyumas on the Banyumasan dialogue text enrichment book based on sublime pupuh Gambuh, (2) to make a prototype draft Banyumasan dialogue text enrichment book based on sublime pupuh Gambuh, and (3 ) describe the results of the prototype validation of Banyumasan dialogue text enrichment book based on sublime pupuh Gambuh. The method used in this study is the Research and Development (R & D) method. The development phase of the Banyumasan dialog text enrichment book based on the subline pupuh gambuh picture refers to the steps of Sugiyono (2010: 409) which are tailored to the research needs, namely: (1) potential and problems, (2) data collection, (3) product design, (4 ) product validation, and (5) product revisions. This study produced a Banyumasan dialog text enrichment book based on the advice of pupuh gambuh.
Pavasario balsai / The Voices of Spring
Authors: Subačius Paulius Vaidotas , Venckienė Jurgita , Slavinska Magdalena , Gervytė Dovilė , Riklius Tomas , Simanavičiūtė Aušra , Krilavičius Tomas
Published: November 2020

Skaitmeninis archyvas ir gentinis kritinis leidimas / A Digital Archive and a Scholarly Edition
MicroRNA-based markers as a tool to monitor the barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) response to soil compaction
Authors: Ražná Katarína , Rataj Vladimír , Macák Miroslav , Galambošová Jana
Published: November 2020

Plants are often exposed to adverse environmental conditions that can significantly interfere with their genomic response. Soil compaction induced by heavy field machinery represents a major problem for crop production mainly due to restricted root growth and penetration into soil and therefore reduced water and nutrient uptake by the plants. Tested hypotheses were to declare whether the plant‘s genome responds to soil compaction and whether the microRNA-based markers are suitable to determine this response. A long term field scale experiment was established in 2009 where different levels of soil compaction are researched from the soil and crop point of view. The analyzed barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) plants were collected during the growing season in 2019. The effect of soil compaction was analysed by four different DNA-based markers corresponding to miRNA sequences of dehydratation stress-responsive barley miRNAs (hvu-miR156, and hvu-miR408) and nutrition-sensitive markers (hvu-miR399 and hvu-miR827), within the leaf, stem and root tissues of barley plants. Our preliminary data support hypotheses that plant genome response was tissue-specific due to significant induction of the biomarkers to dehydratation and nutrition stress. The most affected part of the plant by dehydration, were roots and lack of nutrient supply was most pronounced on leaves.
Características sociodemográficas e clínicas em nonagenários e centenários com e sem incontinência urinária
Authors: Ulrich Vivian , Gonçalves Bós Ângelo José
Published: November 2020

Objetivos: analisar as características sociodemográficas e clínicas em indivíduos nonagenários e centenários com e sem incontinência urinária. Métodos: trata-se de um estudo transversal e analítico, envolvendo 234 nonagenários e centenários avaliados nos seus domicílios, que foram aleatoriamente selecionados na cidade de Porto Alegre, RS. A presença de incontinência foi avaliada com relação às características clínicas e sociodemográficas cujas associações foram testadas pelo qui-quadrado e as diferenças nas médias testadas pelo t de Student usando o Programa Epi Info. Resultados: a prevalência de incontinência urinária foi de 56,41%, sendo 63,53% entre as mulheres e 37,5% entre os homens (p=0,0003). A relação entre presença de perda de urina e de estado conjugal foi significativa (p=0,0049), com maior frequência entre os viúvos. Os incontinentes saíam menos de casa, participavam menos de atividades físicas e sociais, tinham maior número de doenças crônicas e sintomas depressivos e pior pontuação na avaliação cognitiva. Em relação aos sintomas urinários, a maioria dos incontinentes referiu que a urina ou bexiga atrapalha a sua vida (p<0,0001) e, que a urina ou bexiga, causa embaraço (p<0,0001). Entre os participantes continentes, 25% relatou que a urina ou bexiga atrapalha a sua vida. Conclusões: a incontinência urinária foi mais frequente entre mulheres, participantes mais velhos, viúvos e indivíduos que moravam sozinhos. Apesar de maior prevalência entre as mulheres, chama atenção uma prevalência importante entre os homens. Ao fim, concluímos que a incontinência urinária impacta diretamente na vida social e na saúde de nonagenários e de centenários. Então, a incontinência urinária deve ser um importante componente na avaliação desse grupo. Observamos, também, que um número importante de nonagenários e de centenários apresentam incômodos relacionados à urina, mesmo sem incontinência urinária.
A população privada de liberdade e a tuberculose
Authors: Bastos Giergowicz Fabíola , Clós Mahmud Ibrahim
Published: November 2020

Introdução: a tuberculose é uma das doenças infecciosas mais antigas do mundo. Causada pela bactéria Mycobacterium Tuberculosis, é transmitida através do ar – aerossóis. Segundo a Organização Mundial da Saúde cerca de 100 milhões de pessoas são infectadas a cada ano e, aproximadamente, entre 8-10 milhões desenvolverão a doença.
Objetivos: o seguinte trabalho visa descrever o perfil epidemiológico da tuberculose no município de Porto Alegre, RS, na população privada de liberdade (PPL), no período de 2015 a 2017.
Métodos: é um estudo descritivo de abordagem quantitativa, elaborado a partir de dados disponíveis no Sistema de Notificação e Agravos, sobre os casos de incidência notificados no município, observando-se a população em geral e a carcerária.
Resultados: como resultados, em 2017 a população geral teve uma queda de 1378 casos novos e, a PPL cresceu, registrando 167 eventos. A taxa de cura entre os casos da população geral foi de 53,87% já na PPL foi de 77,3%. Ocorreu óbito em 75,4% dos pacientes carcerários e, em 16,6% da população geral, os casos de abandono representam 26,1% entre os apenados e 19,24% da população geral.
Conclusões: conforme os resultados apresentados, evidencia-se que a tuberculose prevalece na população prisional e que as condições estruturais dos presídios dificultam a garantia do direito ao acesso à saúde.
Praktik Jual Beli Jagung dengan Sistem Tebasan di Desa Triwung Lor Kecamatan Kademangan Kota Probolinggo Perspektif Akad Juzaf
Authors: Mahmudah Azizatul , Huda Bakhrul
Published: November 2020

The practice of buying and selling corn with the wholesale system has been understood from generation to generation by the Muslim community in Triwung Lor village, Kademangan sub-district, Probolinggo City. This kind of buying and selling practice is carried out naturally and is not based on knowledge of religious teachings. Researchers are interested in uncovering this phenomenon with a fiqh analysis tool, namely the juz?f contract, because the majority of Triwung Lor villagers are Muslim and they must know their muamalah activities, that is, according to their Islamic teachings or not. This research reveals that the practice of buying and selling corn using the wholesale system carried out by the Muslim community in Triwung Lor village, Kademangan district, Probolinggo City tends to have fulfilled the juz?f sale and purchase agreement. That is the buying and selling that is allowed plural by fiqh scholars for objects that cause mashaqqah (difficulties) and have become a necessity for the majority of the community because of the ease of doing so.
Key Words: Corn; buy and sell; wholesale; juz?f;
Abstrak: Praktik jual beli Jagung dengan sistem tebasan telah makhlum dilakukan secara turun temurun oleh masyarakat Muslim di desa Triwung Lor kecamatan Kademangan Kota Probolinggo. Praktik jual beli semacam ini dilakukan secara natural dan tidak berlandaskan pengetahuan ajaran agama. Peneliti tertarik mengungkap fenomena ini dengan alat analisis fikih yaitu akad juz?f sebab mayoritas masyarakat desa Triwung Lor beragama Islam dan mereka harus mengetahui akan aktifitas muamalah mereka, yaitu sesuai dengan ajaran Islam yang mereka anut atau tidak. Penelitian ini mengungkapkan bahwa praktik jual beli Jagung dengan sistem tebasan yang dilakukan oleh masyarakat Muslim di desa Triwung Lor kecamatan Kademangan Kota Probolinggo cenderung telah memenuhi akad jual beli juz?f. Yaitu jual beli yang diperbolehkan secara jamak oleh para ulama fikih untuk objek yang menimbulkan mashaqqah (kesulitan) dan telah menjadi kebutuhan mayoritas masyarakat sebab kemudahan dalam melakukannya.
Kata Kunci: Jagung; jual beli; tebasan; juzaf;
Perbandingan Pemberian Morfin 15 mg Topikal dengan Bupivakain 0,25% Topikal pada Luka Operasi Modified Radical Mastectomy terhadap Waktu Bebas Nyeri dan Jumlah Kebutuhan Opioid Pascaoperasi
Authors: Setiadi Irwan , Prihartono M. Andy , Pradian Erwin
Published: November 2020

Berbagai macam analgetik dapat diberikan untuk mengatasi nyeri pascaoperasi mastektomi, namun tidak ada yang ideal dalam menangani nyeri pascaoperasi. Teknik pemberian topikal adalah teknik terbaru untuk penanganan nyeri akut pascaoperasi modified radical mastectomy. Penelitian ini bertujuan membandingkan waktu bebas nyeri dan jumlah kebutuhan opioid pascaoperasi modified radical mastectomy. Penelitian menggunakan metode uji klinis acak terkontrol buta ganda melibatkan 38 pasien yang menjalani operasi modified radical mastectomy di RSUP Dr. Hasan Sadikin Bandung pada bulan November 2019–Februari 2020. Pasien dibagi menjadi dua kelompok, kelompok morfin 15 mg topikal (kelompok M, n=19) dan kelompok bupivakain 0,25% topikal (kelompok B, n=19). Analisis data menggunakan Uji Mann Whitney karena distribusi data tidak normal berdasar hasil Uji Shapiro-Wilk. Hasil penelitian didapatkan bahwa waktu bebas nyeri lebih lama pada kelompok M (846,78±411,80 menit) dibanding dengan kelompok B (401,52±123,19 menit) dengan perbedaan yang signifikan (p<0,05). Total kebutuhan opioid kelompok M lebih sedikit, yaitu sebesar 1,15±0,60 gram dibanding dengan kelompok B sebesar 3,84±0,89 gram dengan perbedaan yang signifikan (p<0,05). Simpulan penelitian adalah pemberian morfin topikal memberikan waktu bebas nyeri lebih lama dan jumlah kebutuhan opioid pascaoperasi lebih sedikit dibanding dengan pemberian bupivakain topikal untuk nyeri pascaoperasi modified radical mastectomy.
Pengaruh Pemberian Minuman Karbohidrat (Maltodekstrin 12,5%) Praoperasi terhadap Kejadian Mual dan Muntah Pascamastektomi
Authors: Aditya Andre , Fuadi Iwan , Rachman Iwan Abdul
Published: November 2020

Mual dan muntah pascaoperasi (postoperative nausea and vomiting, PONV) menjadi masalah yang umum terjadi setelah operasi mastektomi dengan angka kejadian berkisar 21–92%. Pemberian minuman karbohidrat (CHO) praoperasi ditawarkan sebagai sebuah solusi menurunkan PONV dan juga merupakan salah satu komponen penting dan disarankan untuk mencapai enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS). CHO berhubungan dengan penurunan katabolisme dan resistensi insulin pascaoperasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui pengaruh pemberian minuman berkarbohidrat (CHO) oral sebelum operasi terhadap tingkat kejadian PONV pascaoperasi mastektomi. Penelitian menggunakan eksperimental uji acak buta tunggal di Rumah Sakit Dr. Hasan Sadikin (RSHS) Bandung pada November 2019–Februari 2020. Sebanyak 46 pasien dibagi menjadi dua kelompok, yakni kelompok K (kelompok kontrol, air mineral, n=23 subjek) dan kelompok C (kelompok CHO, n=23 subjek). Analisis data hasil penelitian dilakukan dengan Uji Mann-hitney. Kejadian mual muntah pada kelompok kontrol lebih besar dibanding dengan kelompok CHO pada menit 0–30 (57% vs 22%), pada menit 30–60 (91% vs 61%), dan pada menit 60–120 (78% vs 61%) dengan perbedaan yang bermakna (p<0,05). Simpulan, pemberian minuman karbohidrat praoperasi dapat menurunkan kejadian mual muntah pascamastektomi dibandingkan dengan kelompok kontrol.
Angka Kejadian, Lama Rawat, dan Mortalitas Pasien Acute Kidney Injury di ICU RSUP Dr. Hasan Sadikin Bandung
Authors: Hidayat Hidayat , Pradian Erwin , Kestriani Nurita Dian
Published: November 2020

Angka kejadian acute kidney injury (AKI) di ICU tergolong tinggi dengan penyebab utama adalah sepsis dan menjadi salah satu faktor yang memengaruhi lama rawat dan mortalitas pasien di ICU. Angka kejadian, lama rawat, dan mortalitas AKI pada ICU di Indonesia belum diketahui. Tujuan penelitian ini mengetahui angka kejadian AKI, lama rawat dan mortalitas pasien AKI di ICU RSUP dr Hasan Sadikin pada tahun 2018. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif yang dilakukan pada 148 pasien yang dirawat di ICU RSUP dr. Hasan Sadikin Tahun 2018. Diagnosis AKI ditentukan melalui kriteria KDIGO dengan melihat peningkatan kreatinin serum dan penilaian urine output. Penelitian ini dilakukan mulai September 2019 sampai Februari 2020. Pada penelitian ini diperoleh sebanyak 61 pasien (41,2%) dengan diagnosis AKI, mayoritas pasien didiagnosis AKI tahap 3 yaitu sebanyak 32 pasien (53%). Sebanyak 14,8% pasien mendapatkan renal replacement therapy (RRT. Rerata lama rawat pada pasien AKI di ICU, yaitu 9,4±7,2 hari dan mortalitas sebesar 77%. Simpulan, angka kejadian AKI di ICU RSUP Dr. Hasan Sadikin Bandung tergolong tinggi, yaitu 41,2% serta mortalitas yang juga tinggi, yaitu 77%.
Meaning of well-being of older institutionalized persons in abandonment situation
Authors: Martínez Wendy Sindy Nallely Flores , González María de Jesús Jiménez , Pérez Norma Elvira Moreno , Guerrero-Castañeda Raúl Fernando
Published: November 2020

ABSTRACT Objective: To understand the meaning of well-being of older persons in situation of abandonment. Methods: a qualitative phenomenological study, carried out in a nursing home in Tepic, Nayarit, from 2017 to 2019. Intentional sampling with 12 older persons aged 60 and above. Data collection occurred by phenomenological interview. The ethical criteria of the General Health Law were respected. Participants signed the Informed Consent Form. Data analysis took place through phenomenological analysis. Results: four themes have emerged: 1. Living Activities of Daily Living; 2. Attention to physical needs; 3. Coexistence; 4. Spirituality experience. Conclusion: for older persons, living institutionalized implies a process of adaptation and transformation to their context and state of life, restructuring their needs that provide well-being. It is important to approach these scenarios to establish ways of experiencing aging that favor a full quality of life.
Association of the functional capacity and violence in the elderly community
Authors: Dias Adriana Luna Pinto , Santos Jiovana de Souza , Monteiro Gleicy Karine Nascimento de Araújo , Santos Renata Clemente dos , Costa Gabriela Maria Cavalcanti , Souto Rafaella Queiroga
Published: November 2020

ABSTRACT Objective: To analyze the relationship between the functional capacity of elderly community members and the sociodemographic and violence characteristics. Methods: Cross-sectional, epidemiological, analytical study with 159 elderly people. For data collection, a questionnaire was used for sociodemographic characterization; the Katz, Lawton and Brody scale; a questionnaire adapted from the FIBRA network; and the Conflict Tactics Scales, analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics using Pearson’s chi-square test, Fisher’s exact test and multiple logistic regression models. Results: It was observed that the sociodemographic variables influence the prevalence of functional dependence for basic activities of daily living and reduction in advanced activities in elderly people with psychological and physical violence. Conclusion: The dependence of the elderly for basic and intermediate activities is related to characteristics such as advanced age, work exercise and knowing how to read and write. The participants’ functional dependence can favor violent outcomes, whether physical or psychological.
Falhas vacinais: avaliando vacinas febre amarela, sarampo, varicela e caxumba
Authors: Petraglia Tânia Cristina de Mattos Barros , Farias Paula Molinari Cardoso de Mello , Sá Glória Regina Silva e , Santos Eliane Matos dos , Conceição Deborah Araújo da , Maia Maria de Lourdes de Sousa
Published: November 2020

Resumo: A vacinação é uma das maiores intervenções em saúde pública pela segurança e efetividade, porém nem sempre vacinar significa imunizar. Inúmeros aspectos relacionados tanto ao indivíduo que recebe a vacina, quanto à especificidade de cada imunobiológico administrado compõem o processo para a obtenção de uma adequada imunização, sendo essencial que sejam observados para não culminar em falhas vacinais. A análise dos estudos de imunogenicidade e efetividade para as vacinas sarampo, varicela e caxumba apontam para a necessidade da incorporação de duas doses aos calendários básicos de vacinação para o controle das referidas doenças. Estudos epidemiológicos que analisaram surtos dessas doenças identificaram casos em indivíduos que receberam duas doses da vacina, o que pode apontar provável falha secundária. Para a vacina febre amarela, a discussão atual reside no número de doses ideal para a proteção individual. A Organização Mundial da Saúde recomenda dose única para toda a vida. Apesar dos poucos relatos em literatura a respeito das falhas vacinais, os estudos de imunogenicidade demonstram perda de proteção ao longo dos anos, principalmente na faixa etária pediátrica. Num cenário atual de eliminação e controle de doenças, associado à diminuição da circulação de vírus selvagens, o papel da vigilância epidemiológica é fundamental para aprofundar o conhecimento a respeito dos múltiplos fatores envolvidos, que culminam com falhas vacinais e surgimento de surtos. A ocorrência de surtos de doenças imunopreveníveis impacta negativamente a credibilidade dos programas de imunização, acarretando baixas coberturas vacinais e interferindo no êxito da vacinação.
Effect of Orthodontic Bracket Type and Mouthguard Presence on the Stress and Strain during a Frontal Impact
Authors: Alves Júlio César de Carvalho , Borges Gilberto Antônio , Versluis Antheunis , Soares Carlos José , Veríssimo Crisnicaw
Published: November 2020

Abstract The aim of this study was to analyze the influence of orthodontic bracket type (metallic or ceramic) and mouthguard on biomechanical response during impact. Two-dimensional plane-strain models of a patient with increased positive overjet of the maxillary central incisor was created based on a CT scan, simulating the periodontal ligament, bone support, gingival tissue, orthodontic brackets (metallic or ceramic) and mouthguard. A nonlinear dynamic impact finite element analysis was performed in which a steel object hit the model at 1 m/s. Stress distributions (Von Mises and Modified Von Mises) and strain were evaluated. Stress distributions were affected by the bracket presence and type. Models with metallic and ceramic bracket had higher stresses over a larger buccal enamel impact area. Models with ceramic brackets generated higher stresses than the metallic brackets. Mouthguards reduced the stress and strain values regardless of bracket type. Mouthguard shock absorption were 88.37% and 89.27% for the metallic and ceramic bracket, respectively. Orthodontic bracket presence and type influenced the stress and strain generated during an impact. Ceramic brackets generated higher stresses than metallic brackets. Mouthguards substantially reduced impact stress and strain peaks, regardless of bracket type.
Calcium and Phosphorus Levels in Saliva are Influenced by Genetic Polymorphisms in Estrogen Receptor Alpha and Microrna17
Authors: Küchler Erika Calvano , Gerlach Raquel Fernanda , Cunha Arthur S , Ramazzotto Lucas A , Spada Paula Porto , Nelson-Filho Paulo , Ramos Junia , Pecharki Giovana Daniela , Barbosa Jr Fernando , Vieira Alexandre Rezende , Trevilatto Paula Cristina , Brancher João Armando
Published: November 2020

Abstract Homeostasis between salivary calcium and phosphorus is important for maintaining oral health. The aim of this study was to evaluate if polymorphisms in ESR1 (Estrogen Receptor Alpha), ESR2 (Estrogen Receptor Beta) and miRNA17 (microRNA17) are associated with calcium and phosphorus levels in saliva. Saliva from 276 12-year-old children were collected by masticatory stimulation and calcium and phosphorus levels were determined by Mass Spectrometry. Genomic DNA was extracted from remaining saliva and genetic polymorphisms in ESR1 (rs12154178, rs1884051, rs9340799 and rs2234693), in ESR2 (rs4986938 and rs1256049) and in miRNA17 (rs4284505) were genotyped using TaqMan chemistry and a real-time PCR equipment. Statistical differences in genotype and allele distributions between ‘low’ and ‘high’ calcium and phosphorus levels were determined using chi-square or Fisher´s exact tests. The analysis was also adjusted by sex (alpha of 5%). ESR1 rs9340799 had the less common genotype associated with higher calcium levels (p=0.03). The less common allele of ESR1 rs1884051 was associated with lower phosphorus levels (p=0.005) and there was an excess of heterozygotes for miRNA17 rs4284505 among individuals with lower calcium levels (p=0.002), both adjusted by sex. This study provides evidence that genetic polymorphisms in ESR1 and miRNA17 are involved in determining salivary calcium and phosphorus levels.
Accuracy of Cone-Beam Computed Tomography in Measuring the Thickness of Radicular Dentin
Authors: Bunn Daiana Lopes , Corrêa Márcio , Dutra Kamile Leonardi , Schimdt Tamer Ferreira , Teixeira Cleonice da Silveira , Garcia Lucas da Fonseca Roberti , Bortoluzzi Eduardo Antunes
Published: November 2020

Abstract The purpose of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of Cone-Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) in measuring radicular dentin thickness focused on intraradicular post placement planning treatment. Ten single-rooted human premolars were selected. The teeth were divided into three segments (cervical, middle and apical). The coronal face of the apical and middle sections was selected for the dentin thickness assessment; which was measured from the external root surface to the root canal wall, on the buccal, lingual, mesial, and distal surfaces of each tooth. In situ anatomical measurement was the reference standard, and the corresponding axial CBCT imaging were evaluated by the i-CAT software. The one-way ANOVA test and the Bonferroni post hoc test were applied to compare the groups (p>0.05). CBCT imaging measurements (p=0.003) overestimated the radicular dentin thickness compared to the reference standard. Descriptive analysis showed that the greatest difference between the reference standard and the tomographic measurement means were 0.20 mm. One-way ANOVA test found the statistical significant difference among group’s measurements. Bonferroni correction demonstrated statistically significant difference only related lingual surface for the CBCT imaging measurements. CBCT imaging measurements overestimated the radicular dentin thickness. However, the measurement difference was clinically acceptable.
Facial Injuries and the Gender Issue: Expressions of Violence in a Metropolitan Region of Northeastern Brazil
Authors: Cavalcante Gigliana Maria Sobral , Bernardino Ítalo de Macedo , Nóbrega Lorena Marques da , Ferreira Raquel Conceição , Ferreira e Ferreira Efigênia , d’Avila Sérgio
Published: November 2020

Abstract The aims of this investigation were to describe the profile of men and women victims of violence and identify factors associated with the severity of facial trauma. A retrospective study was carried out from 762 records of victims attended at the Institute of Legal Medicine and Dentistry located in a metropolitan region of Northeastern Brazil. The dependent variable was type of facial trauma suffered by victims. Independent variables were the sociodemographic characteristics of victims, characteristics of aggressors and circumstances of violence. Descriptive, bivariate (c2 test) and multivariate statistics were made through logistic regression. Level of significance was set at p < 0.05. The mean age of victims was 29.78 years (SD=13.33). Based on the final regression model, male subjects [odds ratio (OR)=2.22, 95% CI=1.08-4.57, p=0.030], assaulted by other male subjects (OR=4.88; 95% CI=1.12-21.26; p=0.035) through instrument (OR=6.67; 95% CI=2.85-15.60; p<0,001) or mixed aggressions (OR=4.34; 95% CI=1.44-13.02; p=0.009) were more likely to exhibit facial bone fractures or dentoalveolar fractures. The findings highlight that men and women present important victimization differentials in relation to interpersonal violence and facial trauma. Victim’s gender, aggressor’s gender and mechanism of aggression may exert influence on facial trauma patterns.
In-Vitro Model of Scardovia wiggsiae Biofilm Formation and Effect of Nicotine
Authors: Balhaddad Abdulrahman A. , Ayoub Hadeel M. , Gregory Richard L.
Published: November 2020

Abstract Recently, Scardovia wiggsiae has been reported to be strongly associated with caries formation. This study aimed to establish an in vitro model of S. wiggsiae biofilm and to investigate the effect of nicotine on S. wiggsiae colony-forming units (CFUs) growth. S. wiggsiae biofilm was grown overnight using brain-heart infusion (BHI) broth supplemented with 5 g of yeast extract/L (BHI-YE). The overnight culture was used as an inoculum to grow S. wiggsiae biofilm on standardized enamel and dentin samples. Samples were incubated with different nicotine concentrations (0, 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 8, 16 and 32 mg/mL) for 3 days. The dissociated biofilms were diluted, spiral plated on blood agar plates, and incubated for 24 h. CFUs/mL were quantified using an automated colony counter. A two-way ANOVA was used to compare the effect of different nicotine concentrations on S. wiggsiae CFUs. This study demonstrated that S. wiggsiae biofilm could be initiated and formed in vitro. Increased CFUs was observed through 0.5-4 mg/mL and 0.5-8 mg/mL of nicotine using enamel and dentin substrates, respectively. 16 and 32 mg/mL of nicotine were determined as the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and the minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC), respectively. S. wiggsiae formed greater biofilm on enamel than dentin specimens in response to the nicotine stimulus. This study demonstrated the negative effect of smoking on increasing S. wiggsiae biofilm. Establishing S. wiggsiae biofilm in vitro may allow researchers in the future to have a better understanding of caries pathogenesis and bacterial interaction.
Biocompatibility, Biomineralization, and Maturation of Collagen by RTR®, Bioglass and DM Bone® Materials
Authors: Benetti Francine , Bueno Carlos Roberto Emerenciano , Reis-Prado Alexandre Henrique dos , Souza Marina Trevelin , Goto Juliana , Camargo Jose Maurício Paradella de , Duarte Marco Antônio Húngaro , Dezan-Júnior Elói , Zanotto Edgar Dutra , Cintra Luciano Tavares Angelo
Published: November 2020

Abstract This study evaluated the biocompatibility, biomineralization, and collagen fiber maturation induced by Resorbable Tissue Replacement (RTR®; β-tricalcium phosphate [TCP]), Bioglass (BIOG; bioactive glass), and DM Bone® (DMB; hydroxyapatite and β-TCP) in vivo. Sixty-four polyethylene tubes with or without (control group; CG) materials (n=8/group/period) were randomly implanted in the subcutaneous tissue of 16 male Wistar rats (four per rat), weighting 250 to 280 g. The rats were killed after 7 and 30 days (n=8), and the specimens were removed for analysis of inflammation using hematoxylin-eosin; biomineralization assay using von Kossa (VK) staining and polarized light (PL); and collagen fiber maturation using picrosirius red (PSR). Nonparametric data were statistically analyzed by Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn tests, and parametric data by one-way ANOVA test (p<0.05). At 7 days, all groups induced moderate inflammation (p>0.05). At 30 days, there was mild inflammation in the BIOG and CG, and moderate inflammation in the RTR and DMB groups, with a significant difference between the CG and RTR (p<0.05). The fibrous capsule was thick at 7 days and predominantly thin at 30 days in all groups. All materials exhibited structures that stained positively for VK and PL. Immature collagen fibers were predominant at 7 and 30 days in all groups (p>0.05), although DMB exhibited more mature fibers than BIOG at 30 days (p<0.05). RTR, BIOG, and DMB were biocompatible, inducing inflammation that reduced over time and biomineralization in the subcutaneous tissue of rats. DMB exhibited more mature collagen fibers than BIOG over a longer period.
Green Synthesis, Characterization and Antimicrobial Evaluation of Silver Nanoparticles for an Intracanal Dressing
Authors: Bruniera João Felipe Bonatto , Gabriel-Silva Leonado , Goulart Rafael Silva , Silva-Sousa Yara Teresinha Corrêa , Lara Marilisa Guimarães , Pitondo-Silva André , Miranda Carlos Eduardo Saraiva
Published: November 2020

Abstract Green chemistry has been applied in different areas due to the growing demands for renewable processes and one of them is nanotechnology. The aim of this study was to characterize a formulation containing silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) produced by a green synthesis and to evaluate its antimicrobial activity. The formulation will be used as an intracanal dressing exploiting the AgNPs’ antimicrobial properties, which are crucial to prevent infections and bacterial reinfections that can compromise endodontic treatments. In the green synthesis, silver nitrate was employed as the precursor salt, maltose as a reducing agent, and gelatin as a stabilizing agent. The formulation was prepared mixing 50 % of a liquid containing the AgNPs and 50 % of hydroxyethylcellulose gel at 1.5 % with proper evaluation of the process inherent parameters. Techniques such as molecular absorption spectrometry and dynamic light scattering were used in characterization step. The antimicrobial activity of the AgNPs against Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Enterococcus faecalis NCTC 775, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 and Streptococcus mutans ATCC 25175 was verified according to National Comittee for Clinical Laboratory Standards (NCCLS) by determining minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC). The obtained results indicated the formulation containing AgNPs produced by a green synthesis was properly characterized by the selected techniques. Furthermore, the formulation assessment proved that it is suitable for the proposal as well as it has potential to be used as an intracanal dressing since presented antimicrobial activity against all bacterial strains evaluated.
Salinity tolerance of macroalgae Gracilaria birdiae
Authors: Alves Joseanna de Paiva , Bessa Junior Ambrosio Paula , Henry-Silva Gustavo Gonzaga
Published: November 2020

ABSTRACT: This study aimed to determining the manner in which salinity influenced the growth of the macroalgae Gracilaria birdiae, with the objective of identifying its tolerance limits to this abiotic variable. The specimens were submitted to nutrient-enriched water of varying salinities (0, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, and 60 ppt) for a 30-day period. Initially, under extreme salinity conditions (0 and 60 ppt) the growth of the G. birdiae suffered a negative impact. The macroalgae biomass exposed to 0 and 10 ppt salinities showed a reduction from day six until the experiment was completed. The macroalgae biomass exposed to salinities 20, 30, 40, and 50 ppt showed an increase, with no significant differences between the four treatments. This suggested that this salinity range was comfortable for this species to develop. We concluded that salinity is a crucial parameter which controls the growth of the G. birdiae. This seaweed was negatively influenced when exposed to values equal to or below 10 ppt and equal to 60 ppt, demonstrating good tolerance to salinities of 20, 30, 40 and 50 ppt.
Leaf area estimation of Burley tobacco
Authors: Toebe Marcos , Soldateli Francis Junior , Souza Rafael Rodrigues de , Mello Anderson Chuquel , Segatto Alexandre
Published: November 2020

ABSTRACT: Leaf area is an important growth variable in agricultural crops and the leaf is the main variable of interest in the tobacco industry. So, the aim of this scientific research was to estimate the Burley tobacco leaf area by linear dimensions of the leaves and to determine which mathematical model is more adequate for this purpose. Two experiments were carried out with Burley tobacco, cultivar DBH 2252, in 2016/2017 and 2018/2019 agricultural years, respectively, in the municipalities of Itaqui and Vanini - RS - Brazil. In 600 leaves were measured length (L), width (W), length×width product (LW), length/width ratio (L/W) and determined the real leaf area (LA). Four hundred and fifty leaves were separated to generate models of the leaf area as a function of linear dimension and the other 150 leaves were used for model’s validation. The power model LA = 0.5037LW1.04435 (R² = 0.9960) is the most adequate for Burley tobacco ‘DBH 2252’ leaf area estimation. Alternatively, the models LA=2.0369W1.8619 (R²=0.9796) and LA=0.1222L2.2771 (R²=0.9738) based on width and length, respectively, can be used when only one leaf dimension is measured.
First report of sheep naturally infected with Trypanosoma sp. in Ecuador
Authors: Coello-Peralta Roberto Darwin , Solórzano Nelson Catito Cabrera , Peñafiel Kevin Andrés Ruiz , Mazamba María de Lourdes Salazar , Echeverria Enrique Omar Reyes
Published: November 2020

ABSTRACT: The prevalence of trypanosomiasis in sheep is of worldwide concern. It is a hemoparasitic disease caused by the protozoan Trypanosoma (T) spp., andthe biological cycle of transmission involves susceptible hosts and certain hematophagous flies, such as Tabanids and Stomoxys. The objective of this study was to determine the presence of Trypanosomasp. in sheep (Ovisaries). Through an applied, descriptive-prospective-cross-sectional qualitative study conducted between October 1, 2018, and January 29, 2019, blood samples extracted from the jugular vein were analyzed by the blood smear method using 2 Romanowsky staining techniques (Giemsa and Diff-Quick). Animals studied were between ages of 3 and 10 years, coming from 3 farms in the city of Colimes (Ecuador). Of 100 sampled and processed animals, 2 (2%) were positive for Trypanosoma sp., constituting the first report of this hemoparasite in sheep in Ecuador, and 1 case of Babesia spp. (1%) and 4 cases of Anaplasma marginale (4%) were also identified. However, none of these cases presented symptomatology of any hemotropic-parasitic disease. Subsequently, the positive animals were dewormed.The presence of these parasites wasconfirmedat the study site and,thus, could become a serious animal health problem.
Canine endogenous adrenocorticotrophic hormone preanalytical stability after sample shipping in dry ice or recyclable ice bars
Authors: Pöppl Álan Gomes , Silva Carolina Castilhos da , Carvalho Guilherme Luiz Carvalho de , Soila Rogério , Furtado Priscila Viau
Published: November 2020

ABSTRACT: Endogenous adrenocorticotrophic hormone (eACTH) measurement is useful in hypercortisolism and hypoadrenocorticism investigation; however, since the hormone is highly unstable, blood samples require proper processing and storage, as well as shipping is often a step limiting since few laboratories offer this assay in Brazil. The aim of this note was to compare overnight dog´s eACTH preanalytical stability when frozen samples were shipped in dry ice (DI), or with recyclable ice bars (RIB). A total of 56 paired samples for eACTH measurement were analyzed. Blood samples were properly handled, plasma aliquots transferred into plastic microtubes, and stored at -80ºC. The fifty-six paired samples were overnight shipped in two thermic isolated boxes with DI or involved by RIB. Despite there was a high correlation between results from both shipping methods (r Spearman = 0.958, P<0.001), the Wilcoxon matched-pairs rank test showed that the shipping method may influence results (P<0.001). However, this difference does not affect results interpretation. By this way, when DI shipping was not possible, RIB shipping may represent a risk to eACTH preanalytical stability.
Genital infection by Aerococcus viridans in a captive african elephant (Loxodonta africana)
Authors: Colombo Salene Angelini , Silva Brendhal Almeida , Gómez Sandra Yuliet Marín , Santos Renato de Lima , Tinoco Herlandes Penha , Coelho Carlyle Mendes , Teixera Junia Pacheco , Leal Carlos Augusto Gomes
Published: November 2020

ABSTRACT: Aerococcus viridans is an emerging pathogen for humans and livestock animals, mainly associated with genitourinary infections cases. Its occurrence in wild mammals has never been reported. The aim of this study was to determine the etiological agent associated with clinical a case of a genital infection in a female African elephant (Loxodonta africana). Phylogenetic analysis and antimicrobial susceptibility profile of the isolate were also addressed. The animal presented frequent cases of genital infection with intermittent white secretion. Purulent secretion was sampled and submitted to bacteriological exam. The isolate obtained was thus identified by phenotypic and molecular methods as A. viridans and was found to be similar to human pathogenic isolates in BLASTn and phylogenetic analysis. The isolate was sensitive to almost all antimicrobials evaluated, presenting resistance to ciprofloxacin and norfloxacin. This is the first report of occurrence of A. viridans infection in the genital tract of an African elephant.
Variation in the hectolitre weight of wheat grain for equipment and sample size
Authors: Martin Thomas Newton , Cargnelutti Filho Alberto , Deak Evandro Ademir , Cechin Joanei , Burg Giovane Matias , Grün Eduarda
Published: November 2020

ABSTRACT: Hectolitre weight (HW) is the principal quantitative parameter used by receiving units as an indicator of the quality of wheat grain (Triticum aestivum L.). The moisture content and the equipment used can be considered important sources of variation to assess a batch, requiring correct sizing of the sample used to measure the HW. This research identified the variability between the equipment used to evaluate HW with or without correcting the grain moisture content, and to estimate the ideal number of samples for the commercial classification of wheat batches. The experiment was carried out in a randomised block design with four replications. Seven batches of wheat grain from different cultivars and/or production sites were used to measure the HW using three types of equipment (Equipment ‘A’, Equipment ‘B’ and Equipment ‘C’), with and without correcting the grain moisture content to 13%. Higher values for HW were determined with Equipment ‘A’ (77.15) compared to Equipment ‘B’ (75.08) and Equipment ‘C’ (74.69), classifying the wheat according to type. The moisture content affected the HW, but did not change the final classification of the wheat in terms of type. The ideal number of samples for HW ranged from 1 to 18 at the lowest level of precision (HW=mean±1 kg hl-1) and from 67 to 1820 samples for the highest precision (HW=mean±0.1 kg hl-1). Equipment ‘B’ requires a smaller number of samples (possibly as few as one) for the same level of precision (HW=mean±1 kg hl-1), whereas Equipment ‘A’ requires a greater number of samples for the majority of batches. Correctly classifying wheat by HW therefore depends on a larger number of samples.
Ver com Palavras
Authors: Brait Beth , Amorim Marilia
Published: November 2020

RESUMO Este artigo resulta de atividades e projetos centrados em questões relativas às diferentes formas de diálogo existentes entre as dimensões verbal, visual e/ou verbo-visual, desenvolvidos pelas autoras no Brasil e na França. O objetivo é observar, no tecido verbal tramado por um enunciador, o ponto de vista enunciativo-discursivo, as escolhas lexicais, a organização sintática que, ao totalizar um enunciado, o faz de maneira a provocar naquele que lê/ouve a sensação de estar vendo. Por essa razão, os segmentos verbais que constituem nosso corpus de análise foram escolhidos, recortados e organizados, tendo como critério os processos linguístico, enunciativo e discursivo, implicando, em seu próprio ser-fazer, um destinatário, um interlocutor que, sendo o leitor/ouvinte, é também, e inescapavelmente, observador, espectador, graças à força verbal provocadora de imagens visuais. A fundamentação teórico-metodológica de base é a perspectiva dialógica, advinda de Bakhtin e o Círculo, acrescida de elementos de outras vertentes, considerando-se a necessária interdisciplinaridade exigida pelos enunciados constitutivamente intersemióticos. Visamos, com esta reflexão, contribuir para a explicitação da força do verbal para o imaginário e para diferentes esferas da atividade humana, em uma sociedade dominantemente visual.
Ideational semiosis: a tri-stratal perspective on grammatical metaphor
Authors: Martin J R
Published: November 2020

ABSTRACT This paper addresses the challenge of analysing texts for ideational grammatical metaphor. It undertakes this task from the perspective of recent work on field (Doran & Martin in press) and discourse semantics (Hao 2020a). In doing so it highlights the benefits of adopting a tri-stratal perspective on experiential and logical grammatical metaphor (Hao 2020b) - bringing all three of the most relevant strata (i.e. field, discourse semantics and lexicogrammar) into the picture.
Down Memory Lane ... as LAEL Celebrates its Golden Jubilee
Authors: Rajagopalan Kanavillil
Published: November 2020

ABSTRACT In this paper, I attempt to trace the evolution of LAEL over the 50 years of its history, intertwining the narrative with my own personal trajectory since my arrival in Brazil in 1976. The narrative makes no claim to being a step by step account of the different facets of the Programme’s history. Rather, the focus is on how its developments through the years mirror the fortunes of the very area of academic pursuit we call Applied Linguistics.