bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comments and Proposals Concerning Chianca’s “The OECD/DAC Criteria for International Development Evaluations: An Assessment and Ideas for Improvement”
Authors: Eggers Hellmut W.
Published: April 2023

Having been involved in the discussions preceding the establishment of the OECD/DAC criteria as member of the DAC Working Party on International Development Cooperation Evaluation (IDCE) representing the European Commission, it is understandable that I have read Chianca’s (2008) article with exceptional interest. There is hardly anything in this article that I would disagree with, except a few minor aspects that I will mention in due course. I also fully support the idea of taking a critical look at the DAC criteria and at IDCE approaches in general, a critical review that should always continue as an ongoing process. “If followed,” Chianca says the changes he proposes “could contribute for increasing the quality of evaluation for the purposes of . . . decision options” (p. 1). I will try to formulate some proposals with a view to bringing that “If followed” premise a bit closer to reality. My comments have been written with the contents of my article, “Planning and Evaluation, Two Sides of the Same Coin,” in mind and should be understood in that context. (Eggers, 2006).
Adapting the Utilization-Focused Approach for Teacher Evaluation
Authors: Noakes Lindsay A.
Published: April 2023

Mandated teacher evaluations are of little use to educators for a variety of reasons, including lack of reliability and validity of evaluation instruments and methods, failure of evaluation systems to adhere to the Personnel Evaluation Standards (Joint Committee, 2008), and the inherent bias in using classroom observations as a method of evaluating teachers. As a result, teacher evaluations fail to improve teaching or impact student learning. This paper suggests that the utility, and ultimately the impact, of teacher evaluations can be improved by adapting the utilization-focused approach to teacher evaluations. Specific suggestions for implementing the Utilization-focused Evaluation Checklist (Patton, 2008) are also provided.
Meta-Evaluation Revisited
Authors: Scriven Michael
Published: April 2023

Next month will mark the passage of forty years since I published my first article about “meta-evaluation” (Scriven, 1969), a term I had invented somewhat earlier in a report to the Urban Institute, who had asked me for help in dealing with the noncomparability of the evaluations they had commissioned for several housing projects. This year also marks the elevation of the concept to the status of an independent category in the latest edition of the Program Evaluation Standards (Joint Committee, 1994). So the editors of  JMDE thought it might be time to take another look at this process and its products, and, as promised, we have provided a special section in this issue on the topic. Many thanks for the much-appreciated contributions that were sent in for that section! Before reading them, and hence without implying any criticism of them for ignoring or disagreeing with what follows, I’m going to mention some reflections on the notion that now seem to me worth stressing. They—and the other articles in this issue—may inspire reactions from you: Please put them on paper or screen, and we’d be happy to consider them for the (nonrefereed) discussion section of a later issue of JMDE.
Assessment for Learning in K-12 Science Departments: A Case Study
Authors: Glenn William
Published: April 2023

This paper discusses the efforts of science departments in two secondary schools to implement data-driven decision making at the department level. It covers the first year of the process and identifies the successes and barriers to success experienced by the two departments. The catalyst for the change at each school was the department chair studying data analysis and applying the newly learned techniques to stimulate their science departments to study assessment data. The departments were surprised by some of their findings. For example, the faculty at one school found that their students performed poorly on one strand covered in the state’s science assessment. However, their data analysis showed that their students scored about equally well on each strand. The findings led both schools to consider and implement various changes. Both departments saw the need to use shorter and timelier formative assessments to drive instruction throughout the year. The departments encountered several barriers to using data-driven decision making to guide instruction. They found it easier to identify issues that needed to be addressed than implementing solutions.
Examining Teacher Candidate Use of Data-Based Formative Assessment for Instructional Decision-Making
Authors: Johnson Lisa , Green Susan
Published: April 2023

Using accounts of critical events, this study examines teacher candidate decisions to modify instruction in response to ongoing classroom interaction and assessment during student teaching. Instructional changes made by candidates who reported incidents in which students had difficulty with learning goals were explored across two years. Analysis of decision making suggested that candidates during the first year lacked variation in instructional interventions and continued presenting content to students through previously used teaching strategies and materials. In the second year, candidates improved their instructional interventions, but had difficulty using objective data to describe outcomes resulting from changes made. The discussion examines changes made to teacher education curriculum after study year one to prompt teacher candidate recognition of and accommodation for diverse student needs when making instruction and assessment decisions. The use of data in reflective practice is argued as a continued need for teacher candidate development.
Using Assessment and Feedback to Enhance Learning: Examining the Relationship Between Teachers’ Reported Use of Assessment and Feedback and Student Performance in AP Biology
Authors: Ponte Eva , Paek Pamela , Braun Henry , Trapani Catherine , Powers Don
Published: April 2023

This paper analyzes a national sample of teachers’ self-reported use of assessment and feedback in Advanced Placement® (AP) biology classrooms. Descriptive statistics of what teachers reported doing in these two areas are discussed, followed by the identification of reported teaching practices variables that were found to be significantly related with student performance on AP biology exams. All the significant variables found are exemplars of authentic assessment and feedback practices and techniques. The study provides valuable information on the types of assessment and feedback practices currently being employed by teachers, and shows the relationship of such practices with actual student outcomes.
Investigating Teacher Use of Practice Tests for Formative Purposes
Authors: Bonner Sarah M.
Published: April 2023

This paper describes an intensive professional development program focused on supporting teachers at high-need urban high schools in use of practice tests for formative assessment purposes. Teachers engaged in professional development while offering intensive summer school to students with histories of failure on state tests in science and mathematics. Specific skills that teachers developed included item analysis of practice tests, planning around assessment results, and providing feedback to students. The study used a quasi-experimental pretest/posttest design with an intervention and a comparison group, analysis of classroom artifacts, follow-up surveys, and long- term follow-up with teachers. Students in the summer programs experienced large gains in performance, and teachers reported more frequent and varied use of tests for formative purposes, even one-and-one-half years after the end of training.
This material is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation’s Math and Science Partnership program under Grant No. 0412413
Applying the Model for Collaborative Evaluations to a Multicultural Seminar in a Nonprofit Setting
Authors: Rodríguez-Campos Liliana , Martz Wes , Rincones-Gómez Rigoberto
Published: April 2023

Background: The diversity within organizations and the stakeholders served require an awareness and appreciation of multiple value perspectives. The challenges with respect to the handling of these perspectives and inappropriate biases resulting from poorly chosen value premises reinforce the importance of seeking out and engaging diverse and relevant evaluation stakeholders.
Purpose: This article addresses stakeholder engagement in evaluations by presenting an application of the Model for Collaborative Evaluations (MCE) to the evaluation of a multiculturalism seminar.
Setting: A nonprofit organization that promotes an understanding of multicultural environments through various programs, including a multiculturalism seminar.
Intervention: The article examines the application of the MCE to an organization.
Research Design: Single-case study.
Data Collection and Analysis: The collaboration team consisted of five members plus an external evaluator. The steps outlined in the MEC were strictly adhered to for fidelity purposes. Data collection was completed using interviews and written questionnaires.
Findings: The MEC approach that was used in this formative evaluation actively engaged the key stakeholders during the evaluation process. With a collaborative approach to evaluation decision- making, the collaboration members were able to share their various points of view and, as a result, there was a lower likelihood that a particular idea would be overlooked. The MCE enhanced the quality of the evaluation by establishing an open and shared evaluation environment while attending to the intended and unintended effects of the collaborative relationships. In addition, the MEC provided increased shared ownership in the evaluation that also led to an increased quality of information for decision-making and receptivity of the findings.
Theorists’ Theories of Evaluation: A Conversation with Jennifer Greene
Authors: Tarsilla Michele
Published: April 2023

Background: Evaluation is sometimes viewed as a professional practice rather than a discipline corresponding to a well defined set of theories. However, Shadish, Cook and Leviton (1991) were able to demonstrate that evaluators’ work does have theoretical foundations. In particular, the authors identified five main elements for evaluation theory and described the contribution made to each of them by seven of the most influential scholars in the field over the last five decades.
Purpose: This paper intends to further the discussion on evaluation theory, by examining some of the contributions made Jennifer Greene, one of the most influential figures in contemporary evaluation. The paper mainly focuses on Greene’s innovative ideas on each of the five main elements of evaluation theory.
Setting: Not applicable.
Subjects: Not applicable.
Research Design: Not applicable.
Data Collection and Analysis: The paper is the result of a desk review of Jennifer Greene’s most relevant work on bias, objectivity, and advocacy in evaluation and a phone interview with her. For the sake of accuracy, the text of the interview and the corresponding analysis were submitted to Greene for review prior to publication.
Findings: The author shows how Greene has incorporated the five principles into her own work and how this eventually influenced her practice. Greene sorts evaluation approaches based on the interests they serve and the values they promote. However, she seems to have developed her theory on valuing further over the years and today she claims that evaluators should never privilege anyone’s specific side in the course of their assignments. Second, as knowledge is mediated by evaluators’ perceptual frames, Greene believes that an unfiltered (objective) view of the world is not feasible. Third, she views evaluation as a force for democratizing public conversations about important issues. Fourth, although the evaluator’s relationship with program staff could be collegial, Greene believes that evaluators have no authority or responsibility for the program design and implementation. Fifth, Greene declares that advocacy in evaluation is inevitable and, as a result, evaluators should play a socially enfranchising role today.
Conclusions: The debate on evaluation’s main theoretical foundations is still relevant. For this purpose, the author recommends that the five main theories applied by this article to examine Jennifer Greene’s work should be used more systematically in the future to describe and analyze evaluators’ practice. Such theoretical categories would be especially beneficial in that they will provide some common ground of understanding among both practitioners and scholars on evaluation concepts and practices which experience has shown to be in constant evolution.
How do Evaluators Communicate Cultural Competence? Indications of Cultural Competence through an Examination of the American Evaluation Association’s Career Center
Authors: Evergreen Stephanie D. H. , Robertson Kelly N.
Published: April 2023

Background: Cultural competency is an important but under-adopted skill among professional evaluators. Yet in the transactions around job seeking and hiring in evaluation, cultural competency is a practical and common concept. How cultural competency gets communicated in those transactions may provide insights for the field.
Purpose: The purpose of this article is to identify ways job seekers and employers discuss cultural competency in order to move toward a more widely accepted way of operationalizing the concept.
Setting: The American Evaluation Association’s (AEA) Career Center Webpage.
Intervention: Not applicable.
Research Design: A nonexperimental design was used in the study.
Data Collection and Analysis: Document review was the main form of data collection, where resumes and job postings on AEA’s webpage were systematically collected. They were then rated by the two study authors on cultural competency and interrater reliabilities were calculated. Content analysis was also used to identify themes in ways through which cultural competency is expressed or communicated in the documents.
Findings: Indicators of cultural competency are identified, in the context of employment seeking. The study also highlights the conditions which may have contributed to low interrater reliabilities and a larger need to develop a practical, operationalized definition of cultural competency, despite inherent flaws.
Evaluation Development and Use in Social Work Practice
Authors: Gervin Derrick W. , Davis Sarita K. , Jones Jenny L. , Counts-Spriggs Margaret S.E. , Farris Kimberly D.
Published: April 2023

Background: Social workers entering the profession typically receive little, if any, content or training on evaluation practice. This is, in part, due to limited course offerings outside of the typical courses in most schools of social work. In addition, practicing social workers who often serve in the role as field instructors have not fully embraced the use of research in practice, and tend to employ less rigorous evaluative methods. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to explore the development and use of evaluation knowledge among social work practitioners who supervise social work students. Setting: Not applicable. Intervention: Not applicable. Research Design: A mixed method, sequential research design within the context of an exploratory study was used to determine factors that facilitate evaluation, identify and prioritize evaluation competencies, and determine the extent to which evaluation constructs contribute to self efficacy, evaluation competency, evaluation influence, and leadership behaviors. Data Collection and Analysis: A web-based survey was used followed by a participatory method that included the use of a web-based software to identify and prioritize activities that contribute to the development of evaluation knowledge and skill. Findings: Results suggest social work education has a critical role in promoting evaluation practice, establishing evaluation practice competencies, and using evaluation results to inform policy and practice.
The Context of Evaluation: Balancing Rigor and Relevance
Authors: Uehara Denise Lea , Tom Tammy
Published: April 2023

Background: The context in which an evaluation is undertaken impacts not only the core evaluation activities but also the ethical standards that guide our work. Theoretical constructs and ethical decision-making frameworks often may not support us in ethical dilemmas given certain evaluation settings.
Purpose: The purpose of this article is to present an example of how a well-intentioned, responsive yet rigorous evaluation provided opportunities to expand our experiences. We conclude this paper with a set of recommendations for organizations/institutions, evaluators, project developers/ implementers, and grantors.
Setting: Not applicable
Intervention: Not applicable.
Research Design: Not applicable.
Data Collection and Analysis: Desk review.
Findings: The complexities of conducting an external evaluation of a study that relied on a public-private partnership coupled with a complex intervention that was not fully developed resulted in unintended study limitations and necessitated adapting evaluation strategies and making ad hoc adjustments midstream. Through our recommendations we share our lessons learned and how challenges can be creatively and ethically addressed at the onset of an evaluation.
Performance Standards
Authors: Burton Nancy W.
Published: April 2023

Originally published as Paper #11, Occasional Paper Series, December, 1977* This paper was prepared under a grant from the Carnegie Corporation of New York.
The Pragmatist in Context of a National Science Foundation Supported Grant Program Evaluation: Guidelines and Paradigms
Authors: Ross Margaret E. , Narayanan N. Hari , Hendrix Theron Dean , Myneni Lakshman Sundeep
Published: April 2023

Background:  The philosophical underpinnings of evaluation guidelines set forth by a funding agency can sometimes seem inconsistent with that of the intervention.

Purpose: Our purpose is to introduce questions pertaining to the contrast between the instructional program’s underlying philosophical beliefs and assumptions and those underlying our evaluation approach. Drawing heavily on Scriven, we discuss these from a pragmatist evaluation stance in light of issues defined by Lincoln and Guba (2000). The discussion is couched in the evaluation of an innovative approach to teaching computer science.
Setting: Auburn University, Auburn, AL
Intervention: The evaluation is designed to investigate the effects of a studio-based teaching approach in computer science education. The evaluation framework employs a rigorous design that seeks to provide evidence to support or refute some assumed truth about the object (or construct) investigated. The program evaluated is steeped in a constructivist framework which assumes that no universal truth or reality exists, but rather, is constructed by the individual.
Research Design: Our evaluation design, to a good extent, reflects a post-positivist, quasi-experimental position. We also include a qualitative component using student interviews.
Data Collection and Analysis: Evidence of the effectiveness of the instructional approach for learning is assessed quantitatively using pre- and post-test and pre- and post-survey data group comparisons (mixed design ANOVA). Interviews provide the basis for qualitative theme analysis.
Findings: Quantitative results were somewhat weak but consistent in support of the studio-based teaching. Interview data suggest that most students did find working in groups enjoyable and a valuable experience.
Integrating the Funder-Fundee Relationship into a Model of Evaluation Utilization
Authors: Mayhew Fred
Published: April 2023

Background: Evaluation is a tool that can promote accountability and enhance organizational improvement. For these reasons funding entities from government to foundations are increasingly relying on program evaluation as a key instrument to determine effectiveness and hold recipient organizations accountable. What has ensued is an environment of increasing evaluation efforts, where findings often weigh heavily on future funding decisions.
Purpose: The purpose of this article is to examine how the nature of the funder-fundee interorganizational relationship influences evaluation utilization by the fundee organization. Within this context, attention is paid to the role the evaluator plays in the evaluation process and the skills needed to promote utilization.
Setting: A statewide multi-tier public/private initiative addressing early childhood education.
Intervention: Not applicable. 
Research Design: A model is designed to test the influence of the nature of the funder-fundee interorganizational relationship on factors associated with utilization, and ultimately on use itself.
Data Collection and Analysis: A survey was administered online and data analysis was conducted using principal components analysis (PCA) and structural equation modeling (SEM).
Findings: The results suggest that the funder-fundee relationship plays a critical role in the evaluation process, and consequently influences utilization. However, the findings indicate that the relationship among the mediating factors is more complex than originally hypothesized.
Theory Creation, Modification, and Testing: An Information Processing Model and Theory of the Anticipated and Unanticipated Consequences of Research and Development
Authors: Perla Rocco J. , Carifio James M.
Published: April 2023

Background: Extending Merton’s (1936) work on the consequences of purposive social action, the model, theory and taxonomy outlined here incorporates and formalizes both anticipated and unanticipated research findings in a unified theoretical framework. The model of anticipated research findings was developed initially by Carifio (1975, 1977) and was followed by the addition of the unanticipated findings component by Perla (2006). This is the first formal model, theory and synthesis of anticipated and unanticipated research findings developed to date. The wide-ranging consequences and implications of the model are discussed.
Purpose:  To the extent that educational researchers, philosophers and scholars reduce unanticipated findings solely to chance, whimsy, or inspiration they declare these occurrences impossible to effectively predict, model or understand.  This article provides a way to conceptualize and formally model anticipated and unanticipated research findings.  Many concrete examples from the history of science and research and evaluation methodology are provided to illustrate the model as well as various details of an application of the model in developing instructional materials.
Setting: Nature of science instructional materials development effort.
Intervention: Not applicable.
Research Design: Theory and model development using quantitative and qualitative methods including literature review and original model evaluations.
Data Collection and Analysis: Content analysis and modified Q-sorts of research related documents, journals, logs, literature and emails as well as various theory construction and modification techniques.
Findings: This article demonstrates that a formal model and theory of anticipated and unanticipated research findings can be developed and that such models should inform a broad range of research and evaluation efforts that are conducted daily worldwide.  Nine key research and evaluation principles were derived to supplement the formal model and its operations that should be helpful to novice as well as experienced researchers regardless of the research methodology or strategies they are employing.
Responding to the UNDP Evaluations Unit
Authors: Lempert David H.
Published: April 2023

Abstract:  The author of an indicator that tests evaluation system compliance with good governance principles addresses the UNDP’s response to his article by offering an empirical test of the UNDP’s commitment to reform.  While the UNDP Evaluations Office claims to be working on reforms, the test exposes the unwillingness of the UNDP Evaluations Office to take even a simple step that would correct the problems they admit exist.  When presented with the chance to support reform on a real case – a de-politicized evaluation contract that protects professional standards and offers public accountability for the Spanish government’s MDG-Fund to the UNDP – the Vice Director of UNDP’s Evaluations Unit failed to support a single change.  The author believes that public oversight of international organizations has been so weakened that not even their evaluation units understand anymore what democratic, public control means or how it works and they have now become part of an embedded culture that is unable to even conceive of how to apply simple public solutions.
Crowd-Sourced Evaluation: A Qualitative Study of User-Generated Product Review Videos on ExpoTV.com
Authors: Wilson Kurt
Published: April 2023

Background: While user-generated videos are typically associated with humorous or shocking videos far removed from the rigorous world of evaluation, this paper explores the potential for utilizing user-generated videos as evaluation data.  This topic is addressed through a qualitative pilot study of product review videos available on the ExpoTV.com website.  The findings from this important subset of the evaluation field are analyzed with the goal of identifying themes and insights that could be useful to the broad field of evaluation.  Purpose: The primary purpose of this study is to identify characteristics or insights about the user-generated content that could serve as a guide for future studies and the development of new theory or methodology to enlarge the scope and relevance of data used in evaluations.  Setting: The ExpoTV.com website Intervention: Not applicable. Research Design: Grounded theory. Data Collection and Analysis: User-generated videos downloaded from the ExpoTV.com website.  Analyzed in three stages – In Vivo coding, Axial coding and theme identification.  Findings:  This article finds intriguing strengths to user-generated video as an evaluation data source because user-generated product review videos consistently demonstrate three important elements of evaluation: they provide a description of the product, explain the broader context for both the product and nature of the specific review, and provide an evaluative conclusion that is logically related to specific evaluative descriptions.   Keywords: user-generated video; grounded theory; video data; evaluation methodology
Evaluation Roots: An International Perspective
Authors: Carden Fred , Alkin Marvin C.
Published: April 2023

Background: The second edition of Evaluation Roots has expanded to more global coverage, but no chapter emerged on development theory in low and middle income countries (LMICs).   Purpose: The purpose of this article is initiate a conversation on filling this gap.   Setting: Not applicable.   Intervention: Not applicable.   Research Design: Not applicable.   Data Collection and Analysis: Desk review.   Findings: Two important distinctions emerged in evaluation roots in LMICs. The first is that much evaluation fits effectively on the Theory Tree as it is presented, with perhaps some nuance, but we see a collective rather than individual origin of the evaluation theory writings we have uncovered. The second is the nature of the formal evaluation work in LMICs; its practical origins are not yet formalized into full prescriptive theory.  The paper notes the prominence of external actors (such as the donor community) in formalizing evaluation practice, while at the same time observes important threads are developing in different regions of the world.  This paper proposes a way to thinking about evaluation in LMICs that is based on practice. The paper suggests a need for evaluation analysts, especially those in LMICs, to build a more comprehensive knowledge and documentation on development evaluation and, more broadly on building the field of evaluation in LMICs.    Keywords: development evaluation; Evaluation Roots; Evaluation Theory Tree; evaluation field building
A Lesson in Carefully Managing Resources: A Case Study from an Evaluation of a Music Education Program
Authors: Hobson Kristin A , Burkhardt Jason T
Published: April 2023

Background: A music education program with a goal of enhancing cognitive development of preschool-aged children enrolled in local preschools is evaluated by The Evaluation Center at Western Michigan University. The budget for the evaluation was small, and therefore presented several challenges to the evaluation team. Purpose: Through a case study of a local education program, the authors explore the challenges and possible solutions of evaluating a program within time, budget, data, and political constraints. Setting: The case study of a local music education program is implemented in a medium size Midwestern town. Intervention: The local music education program is a participatory music program for preschool-aged children. The program provides a combination of music classes, performances, and parent education to all participants, with further musical opportunities for interested parents and children. Research Design: The research and data collection portion of the evaluation was conducted using participatory strategies, and involved a management oriented approach. Data Collection and Analysis: Data collection for years one and two (process) consisted of primarily qualitative methods, triangulated by exploratory quantitative data collection. Data collection for year three (impact) will consist of primarily quantitative methods, triangulated with results from the qualitative analysis done in years one and two. Findings: Four factors, time, data, budget, and political, constrain the design and conduct of a local evaluation, yet, evaluators may implement multiple solutions that lessen the effect of the constraints on the evaluation.Keywords: evaluation, evaluation constraints, RealWorld Evaluation
DEPISTAGE ET PRISE EN CHARGE DE L'ARTERIOPATHIE OBLITERANTE DES MEMBRES INFERIEURS
Authors: MEUNIER P-Y , MONTELLIER M , BOUSSAGEON R
Published: April 2023

L’artériopathie oblitérante des membres inférieurs (AOMI) est la troisième cause de mortalité cardiovasculaire (CV) dans le monde, après la cardiopathie ischémique et l’accident vasculaire cérébral (AVC)1. Dans les pays à hauts revenus comme la France, l’AOMI concernerait 6 % des patients entre 50 et 55 ans, 11 % entre 70 et 75 ans ; près de deux tiers des patients atteints d’AOMI seraient asymptomatiques2,3. Une étude prospective a montré l’association entre l’AOMI asymptomatique et la morbi-mortalité CV et la mortalité totale4. Le dépistage de l’AOMI peut donc paraître nécessaire pour prévenir l’apparition de symptômes qui altèrent la qualité de vie (réduction du périmètre de marche) ou pour prévenir les complications (morbidité CV, mortalité).
GESTION DES EMOTIONS VECUES PAR LES ETUDIANTS EN 3E CYCLE DE MEDECINE GENERALE DE TOULOUSE AU COURS DE LA PRISE EN CHARGE DES PATIENTS : ETUDE QUALITATIVE
Authors: BOUCHET N , FRENILLOT L , DELAHAYE M , GAILLARD M , MESTHE P , ESCOURROU E , GIMENEZ L
Published: April 2023

Contexte. La profession de médecin confronte à des émotions intenses. Leur place dans la prise en soin est peu enseignée, relevant davantage d’un « curriculum caché ». L’objectif principal de ce travail était d’explorer les différents moyens utilisés par les étudiants en 3e cycle de médecine générale de Toulouse pour gérer, par eux-mêmes ou accompagnés, le vécu de leurs émotions lors de la prise en soin des patients au cours de leurs stages. Méthode. Étude qualitative par entretiens individuels semi-dirigés réalisés par deux chercheuses auprès d’étudiants en 3e cycle de médecine générale de la subdivision de Toulouse. Analyse intégrale selon une méthode inspirée de la théorisation ancrée et modélisation par un schéma intégratif. Résultats. Treize entretiens ont été réalisés entre octobre 2020 et juillet 2021. Le statut d’étudiant en 3e cycle générait de l’anxiété et de la frustration liées aux conditions d’exercice, à l’incertitude et à la confrontation aux limites des compétences. Pour gérer leurs émotions, les participants recouraient essentiellement à la verbalisation et à la posture réflexive. Ils identifiaient des personnes-ressources dans leur entourage personnel pour trouver soutien et réconfort et dans leur entourage professionnel pour trouver réassurance et légitimité. Ils avaient aussi recours à des stratégies personnelles : activités sportives, sociales, culturelles et de loisir. Ils formulaient des attentes : un enrichissement de la formation initiale par une valorisation des compétences humaines ; des mises en situation par l’intermédiaire de jeux de rôle et d’ateliers de simulation ; un apprentissage aux méthodes de relaxation ; un renforcement de l’accompagnement en stage ; une amélioration du dépistage en santé mentale des étudiants et un développement des mesures préventives proposées. Conclusion. La gestion des émotions faisait appel à des stratégies multiples, personnelles et professionnelles. Des études plus approfondies sur les mécanismes psychologiques et sociologiques de gestion des émotions pourraient être menées auprès des étudiants en 3e cycle ainsi que des études auprès des MSU et tuteurs permettant de préciser leurs attentes en matière de formation à l’accompagnement.
A Passion for Fashion: Studying Fashion through Children’s Literature
Authors: Walker Sharryn , Walker Maggie
Published: April 2023

Many middle and high school students used the internet during the pandemic to delve more deeply into their interests. One of those areas was the exploration of the fashion industry. However, some students may need more background knowledge of this $15 billion industry. This article aims to explore the fashion industry through children’s literature. Reviews of fashion biographies, how-to books, reference books, and strategy suggestions are presented. Teachers may use the ideas in English/Language Arts, Career and Technical Education, or Arts courses.
Diverging Ideologies of Disability: A Critique of Literature on Inclusive Literacy
Authors: Lampp Berglund Alexandra
Published: April 2023

Although the concept of literacy has continued to evolve through the work of innovative scholars and educators, conventional understandings of literacy still abound within published scholarship. Pushing past these traditional notions of literacy, a small subset of scholars has advocated for a broadened conceptualization of literacy. Labeled inclusive literacy, this relatively new approach to literacy draws from both socially and cultural situated literacy practices (Street, 1984) and multimodal literacy practices (Kress & VanLeeuwen, 2001), as it takes into account diverse symbol systems and acknowledges literacy’s part in daily practices. Further, inclusive literacy values all literacy experiences and works to include children with disabilities, a group that is so often overlooked in regard to literacy learning (Flewitt et al., 2009). Grounded in Critical Disability Studies and language ideology theories, this literature review seeks to explore the diverging disability ideologies found in research published on inclusive literacy practices and the ways researchers position students with disabilities. Specifically, this analysis examines the myriad ways scholars take up or fail to acknowledge the term disability as a means to understand the ways that language use is connected to disability ideologies (Irvine & Gal, 2000).
Building Classroom Community in Elementary Literacy Methods Courses
Authors: Crawford Kathleen , Huling Heather
Published: April 2023

In this article, two elementary teacher educators provide a novel approach to building relationships and classroom community in their face to face elementary literacy methods courses. The authors present their classroom practice entitled “Tell Me Time” (TMT), mirroring morning meetings in K–12 settings, as the staple of building classroom community in their courses. They describe how TMT has been used to build student relationships with each other and with instructors through providing unique, personalized opportunities to socialize and connect through listening, speaking, reading, and writing. Threaded throughout, the authors detail specific feedback from students and highlight how TMT has helped students find common ground with one another and made them feel comfortable, cared for, and respected by their instructors. The authors describe the reasons behind implementing TMT, outline specific TMT activities and examples that have been most effective with their students, provide insight into how to integrate technology with TMT, delineate specific steps for successfully implementing TMT, and describe lessons learned from the implementation of TMT.
Clean Hands, Dirty Truths: A Qualitative Study of Healthcare Professionals' Hand Hygiene in Public Hospitals of Lahore Before and During COVID-19
Authors: Tahir Aleena , Rahat Rahla , Amjad Uzair
Published: April 2023

This qualitative research investigates the hand hygiene knowledge and practices of healthcare professionals in public hospitals, as well as how the COVID-19 pandemic affected their knowledge and practices in this area. The study conducted 20 in-depth interviews with medical staff working in public tertiary care facilities in Lahore, Pakistan. The results show that while healthcare workers possess a basic understanding of hand hygiene, they exhibit lower compliance with hand-washing practices, which is attributed to inadequate hand hygiene facilities and a heavy workload. Despite increased funding to hospitals during the pandemic, the findings suggest that the COVID-19 pandemic increased healthcare practitioners' awareness of hand hygiene and its importance, but it did not lead to a significant improvement in hygiene practices due to increased workload and inadequate facilities.
Effect of radiofrequency in de Quervain's tenosynovitis: A randomized control trial
Authors: Ahmed Yomna F. , Abdelaziz Sara S , Fayez Marian M. , Zaghloul Hebatallah M. , Mohamed Marwa T.
Published: April 2023

Background. De Quervain's tenosynovitis is mucoid degeneration of the tendon sheaths of the two tendons that regulate the mobility of the thumb. As a result, the wrist's thumb side is painful and uncomfortable.
Objectives. To assess radiofrequency's effectiveness in patients with de Quervain’s tenosynovitis.
Design. A prospective randomized controlled trial. Setting. physical therapy department, Rail Way Hospital.
Methods. 40 participants with de Quervain’s tenosynovitis. Participants were divided into two groups at random: group A (control group), which received an ultrasound, transverse friction massage, and strengthening exercises; and group B (study group), which received radiofrequency plus ultrasound, transverse friction massage, and strengthening exercises. Pain intensity, hand grip strength, and pinch strength were all measured at the baseline and after 4 weeks of treatment by using the visual analog scale, Jamar dynamometer, and pinch gauge, respectively.
Results. All outcome indicators in both groups improved statistically significantly (P < 0.05), according to within-group comparisons. The between-group comparisons showed significant improvement in all outcome measures for both groups (P < 0.05), with the study group showing superior improvement to the control group; the study group's VAS improvement percentage was 28.7%, its grip strength improvement percentage was 6.71%, and its pinch strength improvement percentage was 28.6%.
Conclusion. In comparison to ultrasound, transverse friction massage, and strengthen exercise, radiofrequency plus ultrasound, transverse friction massage, and strengthen exercise resulted in greater improvements in de Quervain's tenosynovitis patients' pain intensity, hand grip strength, and pinch strength.
Effects of suryanamaskar on peak expiratory flow rate and quality of life in patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)
Authors: Palor Aayushi , Anandhi D.
Published: April 2023

Background. Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a common, preventable, and treatable disease characterized by persistent respiratory symptoms and airflow limitation that is due to airway and/or alveolar abnormalities usually caused by significant exposure to noxious particles or gases. Surya Namaskar is an ancient yogic method to worship the sun. This specific postural and breathing protocols were developed in Indian Subcontinent in the 17th century by Saint Samarth Ramdass. Aim. To find out the effects of Suryanamaskar on peak expiratory flow rate and quality of life in patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD). Methods. Experimental design, pre and post type. 14 COPD patients, aged 35–50 years, both men and women, grade I and II in GOLD classification was randomly allotted into two groups. The patients had to clear the flexibility tests – Sit and reach test and back scratch test. For the Experimental group (n = 7), Suryanamaskar, with conventional chest physiotherapy intervention, was given for 5 days per week for 6 weeks. For the control group (n = 7), conventional chest physiotherapy intervention was given for the same duration. Outcome measures: Peak expiratory flow rate (l/min), SF–36 questionnaire. Results: The study showed that the peak expiratory flow rate and SF–36 questionnaire showed non-significant result for both the groups as p > 0.05, though there was a clinically significant improvement. Conclusion: This study concluded that there is no statistically significant improvement in PEFR and QOL in COPD patients who performed Suryanamaskar along with chest physiotherapy.
Use of Nudges for Promotion of Sustainable Energy Consumption in Households
Authors: Streimikiene Dalia
Published: April 2023

Sustainable energy consumption in household is linked to energy saving and the use of renewable energy sources. These are also the main measures of GHG emission reduction linked to energy consumption. There is a huge GHG emission reduction potential linked to energy consumption in households as climate change mitigation policies and measures aiming at sustainable energy consumption are mainly targeting energy supply sector. Climate change mitigation policies in households linked to promote of energy savings and use of renewable energy sources were not able to overcome behavioural barriers of sustainable energy consumption in households, as they were targeting economic barriers mainly. Therefore, new policies and measures targeting behavioural barriers of sustainable energy consumption inn households are necessary. The paper analyses behavioural barriers of sustainable energy consumption in households and provides analysis of policies and measures set to overcome behavioural barriers of sustainable energy consumption. The analysis of advantages and disadvantages of nudges is provided policy recommendations were developed based on analysis conducted.
Acquired haemophilia A in southern Switzerland from 2013 to 2019: a case series
Authors: Ruberti Andrea , Kremer Hovinga Johanna A. , Nappi Federico , Vettese Aurora , Bianchi Elena , Fernandes Eliana , Galfetti Elena , Monotti Rita , Paul Pamella , Regazzoni Stefano , Valente Daniela , Rossi Davide , Stussi Georg , Gerber Bernhard
Published: April 2023

AIMS OF THE STUDY: Acquired haemophilia A is a rare disease with an annual incidence of 1.48 per million. Based on clinical observations, we suspect a higher incidence in southern Switzerland, and aimed at providing local epidemiological data, and clinical information regarding diagnosis, treatment and outcome in our region.

METHODS: All adult patients with acquired haemophilia A treated between 2013 and 2019 in our facility were included in the present retrospective analysis.

RESULTS: We treated 11 patients with acquired haemophilia A between 2013 and 2019, resulting in an annual incidence of 4.5 per million (95% confidence interval [CI] 0–9.0). Median delay from first symptoms to diagnosis was 4.5 days, and the median age at diagnosis was 79 years (range 23–87). Possible causative conditions were: pregnancy (n = 1), polyarteritis nodosa (n = 1), myelodysplastic syndrome (n = 1), chronic human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) (n = 1), and HIV postexposure prophylaxis (n = 1). In five patients no underlying or associated condition was identified. Median activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT)) at baseline was 79 seconds (65–117; ref. value <38 sec), and FVIII:C 2.15% (<1–3.75%). A FVIII:C <1% was present in 4/10 patients. Median FVIII-inhibitor titre was 10.3 BU/ml (2.4–75.0 BU/ml). All patients had bleeding symptoms, 5/10 patients had major bleedings, and 7/10 patients were treated with bypassing agents. All patients received corticosteroids; 7/10 patients received immunosuppressive combination therapy. FVIII levels of ≥50% were achieved after a median of 40 days (8–62). One patient had a severe immunosuppressive therapy-related infection. An 87-years-old woman died for reasons not related to acquired haemophilia A or immunosuppressive therapy.

CONCLUSIONS: Acquired haemophilia A is a rare disease, but manageable despite the advanced patient age and comorbidities. Its incidence in Southern Switzerland is higher than previously suspected.
Assessing Average Maintenance Frequencies and Service Lives of Railway Tracks: The Standard Element Approach
Authors: Marschnig Stefan , Veit Peter
Published: April 2023

As track behavior varies in a wide range of service lives and maintenance demands must be specified. The Standard Element Approach provides a specification based on the most important boundary conditions influencing track behavior such as transport load, alignment, superstructure components as well as substructure qualities, and last but not least the functionality of the dewatering system. These parameters show several possible values. The mix of all of these parameter values describes tracks in the entire network. This clustering helps for decision making for strategic asset management: superstructure component use for different parameter sets, calculating average maintenance and renewal demands and thus the respective budgets for a sustainable track strategy avoiding or reducing backlogs. The Standard Element Approach works for all railway infrastructure assets, this chapter focuses on track in detail.
Synthesis and encapsulation of 1,3,5-triazine derivatives as anticancer agent
Authors:   , Chalermnon Monnaya
Published: April 2023

The 1,3,5-triazine scaffold is known for its versatile biological activities especially as an anticancer agent, but a limitation of 1,3,5-triazine is the ability to reach cancer cells thus affecting its anticancer potency. In this work, the anticancer activity of twelve 1,3,5-triazine derivatives was evaluated against two colon cancer cell lines along with an investigation of a drug delivery system (DDS) using calcium citrate nanoparticles (CaCit NPs). Results from the biological evaluation showed that there was a variation in the anticancer activity of 1,3,5-triazine derivatives which some of them exhibited comparable activity to the reference drug cisplatin. Compound 2a and 3d were the two most cytotoxic derivatives and 2c and 3c, both bearing the o-hydroxyphenyl substituent, exhibited the lowest IC50 values around 20-27 µM. Moreover, the use of CaCit NPs as drug carrier for the selected 1,3,5-triazine derivative 2a was demonstrated. The preparation method of 1,3,5-triazine incorporated calcium citrate nanoparticles (CaCit-2a NPs) was optimised by selecting an appropriate solvent system, source of citrate ion, and synthesis time because these factors have effects on the morphology, size and %drug loading of nanoparticles. Upon using the optimised method, the obtained CaCit-2a NPs was monodispersed with particles size suitable to take advantage of the Enhanced Permeability and Retention (EPR) effect, possessed moderate %drug loading and showed controlled drug release behaviour under the acidic condition. The knowledge from this study could contribute to the future development of the 1,3,5-triazine-based anticancer drugs and provide calcium citrate nanoparticles as an emerging drug delivery platform to incorporate future drugs.