bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Spectroscopic Investigation of the Hair of Diabetic Patients
Authors: Ali Alhakim , Verma Vishwa Nath
Published: December 2022

Diabetes is a major disease condition that is accountable for 5% of annual cause of death globally and it continues to escalate. In this research the levels of minerals in persons with type 2 diabetes were investigated using hair as the biopsy specimen. The philosophy behind is that minerals are involved in countless metabolic functions in all phases of the life process, an imbalance of which can have widespread implication, while hair due to its physiology serves an invaluable record of the body’s exposure to minerals. Hair metal testing is a fascinating new diagnostic tool and often gives unexpected clues to mineral imbalances in the body. In executing the research samples of head hair collected from 6 type 2 diabetic patients were washed to remove exogenous contaminants, then subjected to open vessel acid digestion and subsequent analysis for the elements Ca, Cd, Cr, Cu Fe, K, Mg, Na and Zn using Flame Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (FLAAS). After comparing the concentration of the elements to a range that is considered to be normal it was found that Ca, Zn, Fe, Mg, K, Cu, Cd and Cr were off range while Na was normal. Upon investigating the function and effects of the elements that were off range it was found that a deficiency of chromium and an excess of iron could be a possible cause of diabetes.
Theoretical Study for Potential Energy Curves, Dissociation Energy and Molecular Properties for (LiH, H2, HF) Molecules
Authors: Ayaash Adil Nameh
Published: December 2022

A theoretical study has been carried out of calculating dissociation energies and potential energy curves (Deng-Fan potential and Varshni potential) and molecular parameters of of ground state of diatomic molecules (LiH, H2, HF). Dissociation energies and potential energy curves depended on spectroscopic constants (ωe, ωexe, re, α, μ, β ,) and our results has been compared with experimental results. Molecular and electronic properties as εHOMO, εLUMO, ionization potentials (IP), electron affinities (EA) and binding energy was performed by using B3P86/6-311++g** method and Gaussian program 03, the results is well in a agreement with that of other researchers.
Behavioral Characteristics of Photovoltaic Cell with Different Irradiation in Matlab/Simuling/Simscape Environment
Authors: Usman Hamisu , Lawal S.M. , Shehu R.S.
Published: December 2022

Photovoltaic technology is one of the fastest growing energy among the different type of renewable energies that are available for electricity generation. This is due to the availability of the natural sun rise, and the non polluted energy that is free from emission of carbon dioxide (CO2). This paper presents a typical modeling of photovoltaic cell under different irradiations level, in order to monitor the behavior of the (Voltage-Current) V-I and (Power-Voltage) P-V characteristics. The simulation of the proposed model was performed in MATLAB/SIMULINK and Simscape environment. Single diode model of the PV system was presented in the mathematical modeling of the proposed system. Simulation results of different I-V and P-V characteristics were also presented.
On the Complementary Wave Interpretation of the Dirac Equation
Authors: Bulathsinghala D.L. , Wijewardena Gamalath K A I L
Published: December 2022

The Dirac equation consistent with the principles of quantum mechanics and the special theory of relativity, introduces a set of matrices combined with the wave function of a particle in motion to give rise to the relativistic energy-momentum relation. In this paper a new hypothesis, the wave function of a particle in motion is associated with a pair of complementary waves is proposed. This hypothesis gives rise to the same relativistic energy-momentum relation and achieves results identical to those of Dirac. Additionally, both the energy-time and momentum-position uncertainty relations are derived from the complementary wave interpretation. How the complementary wave interpretation of the Dirac equation is related to the time-arrow and the four-vectors are also presented.
Sorption Activity of “Taunit”-Series Carbon Nanomaterials
Authors: Polyakov Victor A. , Mukhin Viktor M. , Abramova Irina , Morozova Svetlana S. , Shubina Natalia A. , Voropaeva Nadezda Leonidovna , Tkachev Alexey G. , Burakov Alexander E. , Romantsova Irina V. , Karpachev Vladimir V. , Figovsky Oleg L.
Published: December 2022

The work is dedicated to finding new modern adsorbents in order to intensify production technologies of vodka and improve the quality of finished products. In the present paper, the technology of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) synthesis is described; CNTs “Taunit”-series were obtained via chemical vapor decomposition at NanoTechCenter Ltd. (Tambov, Russia). The CNTs properties were determined by scanning electron microscopy, nitrite adsorption, laser diffraction, and thermogravimetry. The principle characteristics measured for the water-alcohol mixture were as follows: rigidity, alkalinity, oxidability, volume fraction of methyl alcohol, weight concentration of acetaldehyde, and 2-propanol and organoleptic parameters, found by using gas-chromatographic analysis. The studies performed demonstrate that the “Taunit”-series carbon nanostructured materials can be effectively used for filtering water-alcohol mixtures in the vodka production.
Determination and Study the Energy Characteristics of Vibrational-Rotational Levels and Spectral Lines of GaF, GaCl, GaBr and GaI for Ground State
Authors: Ayaash Adil Nameh
Published: December 2022

A theoretical study of four gallium monohalides molecules (GaF, GaCl, GaBr and GaI) of ground state 1∑+ by using computer model is presented to study the energy characteristics of vibrational-rotational levels as a function of the vibrational and rotational quantum number , respectively. The calculations has been performed to examine the vibrational-rotational characteristics of some gallium halides molecules. These calculations appeared that all energies (Gv, Ev,J, and Fv,J) increase with increasing vibrational and rotational quantum number and by increasing the vibrational quantum number, and by increasing the vibrational quantum number, the vibrational constant will decrease. Also theoretical study of spectra of these molecules for ground state 1∑+ has been carried out. The values of spectral lines R(J) and P(J) were calculated and the relationship between the spectral lines and the rotational quantum number was established. The results appeared the spectra line values R(J) increases when the values of rotational quantum number decrease but the spectra line values P(J) decrease when the values of rotational quantum number increase, also the spectra line values P(J) decrease when the values of (m) increase, while the values of R(J) increase at first, then decrease showing Fortrar parabola.
Effects of Climatic Conditions on a Polycrystalline Photovoltaic Module in Niger
Authors: Ndiaye Fatou , Sene Moustapha , Beye Modou , Maiga Amadou S.H.
Published: December 2022

The main purpose of this paper is to evaluate the efficiency of a photovoltaic module operating in a sahelian country like Niger. A brief introduction to the behavior and the functioning of a photovoltaic module has been presented and the basic equations needed for a modeling based on ambient parameters have been also written. For the validation, characteristics of experimental purpose are presented with a satisfactory reliability degree. The effects of external parameters, mainly temperature, solar irradiance and wind speed have been considered on the output current characteristic and the output power characteristic. Due to their critical effects on the operation of the panel, effects of series resistances were also studied.
Study on Halide Ions Selectivity of Industrial Grade Anion Exchange Resin Auchlite A-378
Authors: Singare P.U. , Patange A.N.
Published: December 2022

The thermodynamic approach was applied to predict the trend selectivity of industrial grade anion exchange resin Auchlite A-378 in chloride form towards iodide and bromide ions in the solution. The study was conducted by performing the Clˉ/Iˉ and Clˉ/Brˉ uni-univalent ion exchange reactions under gradually increasing temperature conditions. The thermodynamic equilibrium constants K values were used to calculate the enthalpies of the two uni-univalent ion exchange reactions. It was observed that the K values for Clˉ/Iˉ ion exchange reaction were higher than Clˉ/Brˉ exchange reaction under identical experimental conditions. Also the enthalpy values for the two uni-univalent ion exchange reactions were calculated as -39.51 and -18.38 kJ/mol respectively. The high K and low enthalpy values obtained for Clˉ/Iˉ ion exchange reaction is responsible for higher selectivity of the resin towards iodide ions as compared to that towards bromide ions, when both the ions are present in the same solution.
Effects of Anisotropy and Longitudinal Field on a Ferrimagnetic Nanowire
Authors: Mohamad Hadey , Badh Al Hamade Hassan Traikim
Published: December 2022

A ferrimagnetic nanowire consists of the spin-1/2 core and spin-1 outer shell has been studied. The general formula for the temperature dependence of the longitudinal magnetization of the system is given. The ferrimagnetic core-shell nanowire system exhibits two and three compensation points when the temperature of the system is changed at fixed values of the anisotropy of shell sublattice and longitudinal field, respectively. The competition among the exchange coupling between the outer shell and core, the outer shell coupling, the anisotropy, the applied field, and the temperature has a considerable effect on the characteristic of magnetic properties in a two-dimensional nanowire system.
Effect of Deposition Parameters on Kinematics Growth and Optical Properties of PbS Nano Films Deposited by Chemical Bath Deposition
Authors: Mousa Ali M. , Hassen Slma M. , Mohmoed S.
Published: December 2022

The paper presents a study regarding the kinetic of chemical bath deposition (CBD) PbS nano films. Nano films were deposited from chemical bath containing thiourea, lead nitrite, and ammonia. The deposition kinematics and optical investigations have been performed to compare the properties of the films grown with different precursor solutions. We are able to determine the growth rate as a function of the synthesis conditions and it was found that the growth rate of deposited nano layer affected significantly by synthesis conditions. The main characteristic of nano films is the band gap. This parameter determined from spectroscopy Measurements of transmission, in the energy range of 240-840 nm is influenced by many factors such as deposition time, bath temperature, pH value of the path and molar concentration of the reactants.
Anti-Inflammatory and Antimicrobial Activities of Powered and Ethanaol Extracts of Scent Leaf (Ocimum gratissimum) and Curry Leaf (Murraya koenigii)
Authors: Onyeyilim Ebuka Leonard , Ezeokonkwo Mercy Amarachi , Uzoewulu Chiamaka Peace , Eze Florence Uchenna , Urama Festus Chinonso , Eze Cosmas Chinweike , Okonkwo Vivian Ifeoma , Otunomo Idowu Iyabo
Published: December 2022

In this manuscript, the authors explore the antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory properties of extracts from two commonly found and used leaves from species Murraya koenigii and Ocimum gratissimum L., Ethanolic extracts were obtained by maceration and were then concentrated. Serial dilutions of the extracts were done for testing. The extracts were tested for growth inhibition of four bacterial and two fungal strains. Visual examination of growth inhibition, compared to standard antibiotic controls, provided minimum inhibitory concentrations for the two extracts against the six microbial strains. In another experiment, the authors test the anti-inflammatory properties of the two leaf extracts in the standard rat-paw model of inflammation. Results from growth inhibition studies suggest that the two leaf extracts inhibit the growth of all six microbes, with varying levels of sensitivity. Results from anti-inflammatory studies are more impressive, with leaf extracts inhibiting inflammation at levels competitive with the standard drug, indomethacin.
Morphology Impact on the Absorption Behaviour of Post-Thermally Treated Tris(8-Hydroxyquinoline) Gallium Films
Authors: Muhammad Fahmi Fariq
Published: December 2022

This work reports on the impact of surface morphology on the optical absorption of vacuum deposited tris (8-hydroxyquinoline) gallium (Gaq3) films. Morphological investigation was performed for films treated under nitrogen gas in the temperature range from 85 °C to 255 °C. The results of field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and x-ray diffraction (XRD) technique ascertained the formation of amorphous nanostructures. Considerable modification in the absorption behaviour of Gaq3 films was observed upon morphological changes. The results of these modifications were ascribed to the impact of morphological variations among the surface of Gaq3 films.
Conformational Analysis, Substituent Effect and Structure Activity Relationships of 16-Membered Macrodiolides
Authors: Mazri Radhia , Belaidi Salah , Kerassa Aicha , Lanez Touhami
Published: December 2022

Electronic structures, Conformational Analysis, effect of the substitution and structure activity Relationships for macrodiolides, have been studied by PM3 and ab initio methods. In the present work, the calculated values, namely net charges, bond lengths, MESP, dipole moments, electron-affinities, heats of formation, drug-likeness and QSAR properties, are reported and discussed in terms of the biological activity of macrodiolides.
A Study of FTIR and some Mechanical Properties of Sodium Iodide (NaI) Salt Filled Polymer Polyvinyl Alcohol (PVA) Films
Authors: Salman Sabah A. , Bakr Nabeel A. , Homad Huda T.
Published: December 2022

The effect of Sodium Iodide (NaI) salt on mechanical properties of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) was studied in this work. The interaction between (NaI) salt and polymer (PVA) was investigated by (FTIR) spectroscopy. The effect of (NaI) salt on the mechanical properties of the polymer (PVA) was studied by hardness and tensile tests. FTIR spectra analysis of pure and (NaI) filled (PVA) films showed that the vibrational modes have changed due to the effect of filler salt in the polymer (PVA). Hardness test showed that the hardness increases unsystematically with increasing the weight ratio of added sodium iodide salt except the weight ratio of (16 wt %) compared with pure (PVA) film, while the experimental results of the tensile test for (PVA-NaI) composite films showed unsystematic change of tensile strength, elongation at break and Young's modulus after filling with different weight ratios of (NaI) salt compared with pure (PVA) film.
Effect of Gamma Irradiation on the Optical Properties of Mg Doped CdO Thin Films Deposited by Spray Pyrolysis
Authors: Hassouni Majid H. , Mishjil Khudheir A. , Chiad Sami S. , Habubi Nadir F.
Published: December 2022

Thin films of CdO and 9% Mg doped CdO doped have been prepared using spray pyrolysis technique. Transmission and absorption spectra were recorded in order to estimate these films. The deposited thin films were exposed to γ - rays. We have studied the transmission, absorptions and absorption coefficient as a function of photon energy before and after irradiation. The optical constants such as: reflectance, extinction coefficient, refractive index, real and imaginary parts of the dielectric constant and the electrical conductivity were calculated also.
Characteristics Study of Nanostructured CdO Prepared by Spray Pyrolysis
Authors: Ismail Raid A. , Ghafori Sa’ad , Sichat Rafal S.
Published: December 2022

In this paper, nanostructured cadmium oxide films were prepared by chemical spray pyrolysis technique.The structural, morphological and optical characteristics of synthesized films are investigated as function of concentration .AFM results revealed that the root mean square of surface roughness is increased with cadmium concentration. XRD investigation confirmed that the films are polycrystalline with cubic structure. SEM study displayed that the synthesized films have particle size in the range of 25-100nm depending on cadmium ion concentration. The optical properties revealed the films have maximum average optical transmittance of 78% for film sprayed with 0.1 M. The optical band gap of the CdO film prepared with 0.25 M was 2.65eV. The optical band gap increased as the film molarity.
Comparative Study of Chemical Synthesis of Dihydropyrimidine (DHPMS) Derivatives by Biginelli Reaction Using Microwave Irradiation and Conventional Method
Authors: Sonawane Ratnamala P.
Published: December 2022

The majority of the drugs on the market today are entirely chemically synthesized in the laboratory. Several scientists had synthesized dihydropyrimidine (DHPMs) derivatives showing a wide spectrum of biological actions as antibacterials, antivirals as well as antitumor agents. This activity is principally due to presence of steriogenic carbon C4 in their structure. The current investigation is comparative study of chemically synthesis of two DHPMs derivatives by Biginelli Reaction using microwave irradiation and conventional method. The synthesis of DHPMsderivativeinvolves a multicomponent reaction (aldehyde derivative, urea/thiourea and 1,3-dicarbonyl compounds) in presence of HCl/NH4Cl as a catalyst. Two derivative viz. 3,4-dihydropyrimidin-2-(1H)-ones and 3,4-dihydropyrimidin-2-(1H)-thiones were synthesized and characterized using IR. The melting points were obtained are 203 °C and 211 °C respectively. Microwave irradiation was easy and gave more yield than conventional method. This study will help to develop easy protocol for the synthesis of many more DHPMs derivative with high yield.
PROVEN CRIMINAL ACTION OF SPREADING HOAX NEWS THROUGH SOCIAL MEDIA REGARDING COVID-19
Authors: Krismiyarsi Krismiyarsi
Published: December 2022

The spread of Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Indonesia, is used by irresponsible people to spread fake news (hoaxes) that can disturb the public. The ITE Law in it has regulated the crime of hoaxes, the perpetrators can be subject to criminal sanctions, however, the sanctions in the ITE Law do not prevent people from spreading false news through social media, many cases occur in the community regarding these crimes, but problems arise in proving the hoax crime case, where it is not the ITE Law that is used as the basis for convicting the perpetrator but using Article 14 of Law no. 1 of 1946, namely spreading false news conventionally without any element of electronic means, this is because the Criminal Procedure Code does not regulate digital evidence.
SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT REVIEW
Authors: Kunarto Kunarto , Prasetyo Budi
Published: December 2022

An overview of sustainable development in Indonesia is a concept of sustainable development that is of concern to development actors, including the government. The problem of development in meeting the needs of many emerging impacts on the declining quality of the environment. Therefore, a sustainable development concept is needed. There are many problems related to sustainable development, but we can formulate these problems: what is the definition and concept of sustainable development in Indonesia?
Sustainable development is development that aims to meet the needs of current and future generations. To fulfill this concept, an implementation strategy is needed, there are 4 (four) things that need to be considered, namely: equity, participation, diversity, integration and long-term perspective.
The Financial availability and Innovation link with Firms & Environmental Performance
Authors: Khan Umair , Liu Weili
Published: December 2022

Conventionally, organizations tend to rely on financial performance and profit capacity to flow shareholder wealth. Currently, in adding to environmental and financial results, it had also developed a vital effort. Though, all organizations are unable to achieve financial and environmental results, especially medium and small-sized enterprises that need performance-enhancing financial resources. This analysis confirms the part of financial obtainability in financial, and environmental performance with a mediating role in recognizing the opportunity. Pragmatic tests are accumulated through framework questionnaires from 305 SMEs working in Pakistan developing markets. The hypotheses are verified in the AMOS by, Structural Equations Modeling (SEM). The results show that suitable financial resources have contributed to the performance of financial instruments, but they also play a significant part in environmental performance. Our study results indorse CEOs and senior administrators effectively use their financial resources to gain the benefit of a new opportunity, excellent financial and environmental performance. Also, companies with sufficient financial capital identify innovative opportunities significantly via recognition of opportunity mediator where they partially mediate the link among financial performance and financial obtainability.
Knowledge, Awareness, Attitude And Purchasing Decision Making Behaviour Among Women Towards Gold Jewellery In Vellore City – An Assessment
Authors: Yoganandham G. , Govindaraj A. , Kumaran P. Senthil
Published: December 2022

Society is diversified in all aspects. We see this among consumers, marketers, producers and even among consumer behavior from theoretical aspects. A decade has elapsed since the onset of the millennium and there have been many changes occurring across global economics which has had its repercussions on the Indian economy. Since the time of the liberalization of our economy Indian market has been greatly influenced by the global economy and global markets. From prehistoric times people all over the world have exposed special interest in gold jewels either for ownership or prestige or status. Passion for jewels is renowned. It is reflected in numerous customary occasions where it is not only measured promising but mandatory to gift Jewels crafted in gold. The bride’s trousseau is incomplete without the gold Jewels. It is evident that people demand for gold even though the prices are high, expecting for the future increase. This is due to the expectation of more returns at the time of resale. This research study helps to comprehend the preferences of women towards gold Jewels; awareness about branded jewellery; and which factor mainly influenced the women to buy gold Jewels. This study also helps jewellery marketers to explore the strategies to be adopted for uplifting the market to plan for launching new brands and suggests ways to stay in touch with customers. Therefore this research paper give more importance to study the knowledge, awareness, attitude and purchasing decision making behaviour among women towards Gold Jewellery in Vellore City.
Covid-19 And Its Impact On Indian Stock Market And Pharmaceutical Sector: An Econometric Testing
Authors: R. Rajesh , Prakash Chaitra
Published: December 2022

The rampant spread of COVID-19 outbreak, across borders and geographies, has severely impacted almost the whole world and triggered significant downside risks to the overall global economic outlook. Due to the lockdown announced by the Indian Government, the economy may slow over the next few months. For most businesses, the slowdown could be in the form of supply disruptions, fall in consumption demand, and stress on the banking and financial sectors. There has been distress in many sectors. It was also observed that this pandemic situation could boost business in sector and may highly affect some sectors. There observed a mixed response in Pharmaceutical sector. Some experts predicted positive impact however few pharmaceutical companies reported loss during this period. This created a curiosity to test the performance of pharmaceutical companies with their stock price as performance indicator. We propose to consider the sample period as first nationwide lockdown date to June 30, 2020. Closing price of selected companies share price will be considered in the study and we use econometric test to test the performance.
Individualität, Solidarität, Schicksal
Authors: Kade Jochen
Published: December 2022

Jochen Kade präsentiert die Ergebnisse eines qualitativen erziehungswissenschaftlichen Langzeitprojekts. In diesem wurden in den Jahren 1984 und 2009 insgesamt 50 biographisch fokussierte ›Zwillings‹interviews mit jeweils einer Person geführt und daraus empirische Gestalten der Selbstbildung im Theorierahmen von (Anspruchs-)Individualität (Luhmann) und Solidarität (Hondrich) entwickelt. Emanzipation, Karriere und soziales Engagement erweisen sich als Pole der individuellen Aneignung des gesellschaftlichen Curriculums möglicher Bildungswelten.

Die Studie erschließt einen zeitgeschichtlichen, generationen- und altersübergreifenden Wandel nicht nur von Individualitätsformen, sondern der Individualitätsform selbst. Es zeigen sich deutlichere Konturen eines Übergangs von einer selbstzentrierten zu einer sozialgeöffneten Individualisierung, verbunden mit einer Wiederthematisierung von Unbedingtheit und Schicksal, einer wesentlichen Herausforderung für die Bildungstheorie. Einer empirisch interessierten Bildung- und Biographieforschung, die Einzelschicksale fokussiert, aber zugleich auf gesellschaftliche Zusammenhänge zielt, werden damit theoretisch und zeitdiagnostisch produktive empirische Perspektiven erschlossen. Es wird u.a. die – Reckwitz‘ Diagnose einer »Gesellschaft der Singularitäten« modifizierende – These vertreten, dass die Freiheit der Selbstbildung zwischen 1984 und 2009 im Spannungsfeld von Individualität, Solidarität und Schicksal verläuft.
Copula Modelling of Agitation-Sedation (A-S) in ICU: Threshold Analysis of Nurses’ Scores of A-S and Automated Drug Infusions by Protocol
Authors: Hudson Irene , Tursunalieva Ainura , Geoffrey Chase J.
Published: December 2022

Pain management is increasingly recognised as a formal medical subspecialty worldwide. Empirical distributions of the nurses’ ratings of a patient’s pain and/or agitation levels and the administered dose of sedative are often positively skewed, and if the joint distribution is non-elliptical, then high nurses’ ratings of a patient’s agitation levels may not correspond to the true occurrences of patient’s agitation-sedation (A-S). Copulas are used to capture such nonlinear dependence between skewed distributions and check for the presence of lower (LT) and/or upper tail (UT) dependence between the nurses’ A-S rating and the automated sedation dose, thus finding thresholds and regions of mismatch between the nurse’s scores and automated sedation dose, thereby suggesting a possible way forward for an improved alerting system for over- or under-sedation. We find for LT dependence nurses tend to underestimate the patient’s agitation in the moderate agitation zone. In the mild agitation zone, nurses tend to assign a rating, that is, on average, 0.30 to 0.45 points lower than expected for the patient’s given agitation severity. For UT dependence in the moderate agitation zone, nurses tend to either moderately or strongly underestimate patient’s agitation, but in periods of severe agitation, nurses tend to overestimate a patient’s agitation. Our approach lends credence to augmenting conventional RASS and SAS agitation measures with semi-automated systems and identifying thresholds and regions of deviance for alerting increased risk.
Biochar from Cassava Waste: A Paradigm Shift from Waste to Wealth
Authors: Obonukut Minister , Alabi Sunday , Jock Alexander
Published: December 2022

Waste is unwanted material left after useful parts have been removed and found to affect our environment and health adversely. Waste from agro-allied industries is massive and claims most land, which would have been used for agricultural purposes when used as a landfill, including other environmental and health issues. This chapter will assess wastes generated during the processing of cassava for variety of products and review their properties when characterized. In the course of characterizing the wastes, which emerged during processing, pre-processing, and post-processing depending on the products, various reports on the physical, chemical, and biological properties of cassava wastes will be presented. The properties of cassava waste when subjected to biochemical and thermochemical processes will be compared with those of conventional raw materials for biochar production. This chapter will showcase the potential of cassava wastes for efficient valorization, especially as adsorbents via biochar. It will be of great significance to engineers, farmers, and manufacturers in their quest to manage cassava wastes for the betterment of our environment and health.
Human–Wild Animal Conflict
Authors: Somu Yogeshpriya , Palanisamy Selvaraj
Published: December 2022

Wildlife species have faced the impacts of human dominion over the world throughout history. More recently, there has been increased global protection for endangered species as a result of greater awareness and concern for biodiversity. Conservationists are becoming increasingly concerned about the pervasive issue of conflicts between human and wildlife interests, especially as it relates to large carnivores that have the potential to harm both cattle and people. Pre-conflict mitigation refers to proactive measures like fences while post-conflict mitigation refers to compensation payments for lost animals. Both can be used to lessen conflicts between wild animals and livestock owners. The goal of compensation programs is to raise people’s understanding of wildlife. But compensation programs are frequently criticized for being insufficient, difficult, and expensive. Compensation programs must be part of a comprehensive approach that includes options for controlling offending animals, proactive mitigation measures, and, in some cases, broader financial incentives for changes in land use practices in order to be more effective. The latter method has been used in India and several African countries. This chapter deals with various human-animal conflicts and their mitigation strategies. Despite these problems, conservation is likely to become increasingly utilized as biodiversity becomes increasingly threatened and methods of ameliorating threats lag behind.
Volunteering and Virtue Ethics
Authors: Rodrigues Pereira Rafael
Published: December 2022

Volunteering can be understood as a morally worthy action that we perform because we want to. In this chapter, I argue that this feature of volunteering poses problems for modern moral theories centered on moral duty, such as utilitarianism and Kantian approaches. According to these theories, there are only three ways to explain what volunteering is: (a) the fulfillment of a basic moral obligation; (b) the supererogatory (heroic actions beyond duty); and (c) the morally permissible, usually related to a personal search for happiness. As I argue, none of these accounts make sense as accounts of volunteering. I then try to show how a virtue ethics approach is particularly helpful to understand what volunteering is and why it is important. Moral actions are not done from duty but upon a “call from the world,” which gives a special meaning to our own lives.
How Great is thy Dictionary? Cross-referencing as a Lexicographic Device in The Greater Dictionary of (isi)Xhosa
Authors: Nkomo Dion , Nosilela Bulelwa , Gambushe Wanga
Published: December 2022

Inspired by Willem Botha's reflections on the compilation of the multi-volume Woordeboek van die Afrikaanse Taal (WAT) in Botha (1994; 2005), this study offers a critical evaluation of cross-referencing in The Greater Dictionary of (isi)Xhosa, henceforth the GDX. The GDX is a tri-volume dictionary, possibly the biggest dictionary, not only in isiXhosa, but in African languages. The evaluation of the dictionary is guided by the notion of cross-reference conditions or cross-reference prerequisites to identify cross-references used in the GDX, analyse the relations revealed by cross-referencing and the effectiveness of the entire mediostructural organisation of the dictionary. The article notes that cross-referencing in the GDX seems to be guided by a generally well-conceived set of guidelines which were largely followed meticulously. Consistency generally prevails in the treatment of similar lexical items and even across the different volumes of the dictionary. Some cross-referencing aspects that could be improved were identified. However, it was noted that most of them would be easily addressed in the prospective digitisation project of the GDX. Keywords: cross-reference, cross-referencing, cross-reference conditions, cross-reference prerequisites, data distribution structure, dictionary structure, isiXhosa lexicography, mediostructure
Antimicrobial Resistance Profile of Extended-spectrum Beta-lactamase Genes in Escherichia coli Isolates Using Multiplex PCR Technique
Authors: Raiszadeh Mohammad , Khosravi Mohamad Ali , Fathizadeh Hadis , Khodaparast Morteza , Ghiasi Seyyed Mohammad Saeed , Esmaeili Davoud
Published: December 2022

Background: Broad-spectrum antibiotic resistance genes are one of the most common developing resistance genes worldwide. Accordingly, it is of paramount importance to study the extended-spectrum beta-lactamase genes to report them to physicians to select the most appropriate treatment. Objectives: This study aimed to detect three genes of ESBL such as TEM, AmpC, and KPC simultaneously. Methods: Primers were designed for ESBL genes such as TEM, AmpC, and KPC with Genscript software. In this study, control-positive genes were used for the PCR set-up. Fifty isolates of Escherichia coli isolated in the Baqiyatallah Hospital were confirmed and checked by Multiplex PCR. Results: This study revealed that TEM, AmpC, and KPC primers could detect positive control genes. The sensitivity and specificity of the multiplex PCR technique for these genes were 0.001 ng and 100%, respectively. Conclusions: This study revealed that a Multiplex PCR with a sensitivity of 0.001 ng and 100% specificity can detect ESBL genes precisely. Accordingly, the rapid and precise detection of the antibiotic resistance genes and the recommendation of an appropriate treatment pattern can decrease the distribution of antibiotic resistance occurrence and economic cost.
Construcción semántica y forma: fundamentos de la dimensión comunicativa en la Arquitectura Contemporánea
Authors: Castilla Manuel V. , Sánchez-Montañés Benito
Published: December 2022

Aquest article investiga les característiques de la concepció simbòlica de l’arquitectura al panorama que sorgeix de la crisi de la modernitat i evoluciona fins als nostres dies, així com els aspectes més significatius en relació amb la seva comprensió semàntica. Per això aborda els conceptes relacionats amb el signe i utilitza la semiòtica com a metodologia original d’anàlisi amb l’objectiu d’interpretar els elements visuals que transmeten un significat. En aquest sentit, les eines semiòtiques com a símbol, metàfora o icona, entre d’altres, interpreten l’expressió de formes arquitectòniques i formulen la seva comprensió posterior i les converteixen en eines de comunicació. Aquesta visió de l’arquitectura contemporània situa el seu llenguatge en el context de la teoria dels signes, contribuint a explicar, amb una nova metodologia, les emocions que transmet un objecte arquitectònic i la seva relació amb lintèrpret (usuari).

This paper examines the characteristics of the symbolic conception of architecture in the panorama that arises from the crisis of modernity and evolves to the present day, as well as the most significant aspects in relation to its semantic understanding. To this end, the research addresses the concepts related to the sign and uses Semiotics as an original analysis methodology with the aim of interpreting the visual elements that convey a meaning. Therefore, semiotic tools such as symbol, metaphor, or icon, among others, interpret the expression of architectural forms and formulate their subsequent understanding, turning them into communication tools. This approach of contemporary architecture takes place in the context of the theory of signs, helping to explain, with a new methodology, the emotions transmitted by an architectural object and its relationship with the interpreter (user).

Este artículo investiga las características de la concepción simbólica de la arquitectura en el panorama que surge de la crisis de la modernidad y evoluciona hasta nuestros días, así como los aspectos más significativos en relación con su comprensión semántica. Para ello aborda los conceptos relacionados con el signo y utiliza la Semiótica como metodología original de análisis con el objetivo de interpretar los elementos visuales que transmiten un significado. En este sentido, las herramientas semióticas como símbolo, metáfora o icono, entre otras, interpretan la expresión de formas arquitectónicas y formulan su comprensión posterior convirtiéndolas en herramientas de comunicación. Esta visión de la arquitectura contemporánea sitúa su lenguaje en el contexto de la teoría de los signos, contribuyendo a explicar, con una nueva metodología, las emociones que transmite un objeto arquitectónico y su relación con el intérprete (usuario).
Science Diplomacy
Authors:   Parliamentary Office of Science and Technology, Ledgerwood Emmeline , Bunn Sarah
Published: December 2022

A POSTnote which explains what science diplomacy involves, outlining the mechanisms and settings that encourage organisations and individuals to build international relations through science-related activities.
Parental Alcohol Misuse and Children
Authors:   Parliamentary Office of Science and Technology, Hedges Sophie , Kenny Caroline
Published: December 2022

Parental Alcohol Misuse (PAM) can negatively affect children's physical and mental health, and other outcomes including educational attainment and behaviour. Effects can be acute when experienced in conjunction with other adverse experiences such as domestic abuse, marital conflict, and deprivation. PAM is a common feature in child protection and care proceedings, and places a considerable burden on social services.
Structure And Role Of Actors In Social Networks Moa Buffalo Farmer In Klis Village Maluku Regency Southwest Maluku Province
Authors: Melianus Ririmase Pieter , Melkianus Puttileihalat Paulus , Willem Patty Christian
Published: December 2022

Buffalo farmers in Klis Village in their development need to prioritize social values ??as the strength of the relationship between their members in interacting. Interaction shows the existence of a relatively stable relationship and shows the existence of a learning process that leads to strengthening the capacity of individuals or groups. The level of interaction can be described through the structure of the relationship between farmers (actors) in the social network and the role of each actor, to receive and share information so that it can show the pattern of relationships and the importance of actors in a network. This study aims to examine the structure of social networks and the role of actors in the social network of moa buffalo farmers in Klis Village, Moa District, Southwest Maluku Regency. The results showed that the social network structure of farmers at each click was in the form of an Interlocking Personal Network. Networks that have interlocking properties are networks that have a high degree of integration within the group but have low openness outside the group. Actors 11, 8, 27 and 23 are actors who have an important role in the social network of buffalo farmers, namely as; opinion leaders, gate keepers, bridges, and liaisons.
The Effect Of Understanding Regional Financial Accounting Systems, Regional Financial Management And Accountability On Opd Performance With Supervision As Moderating Variables In
Authors: Morita Rahel Promovenda Bella , Br Bukit Rina , Gaddafi Muammar
Published: December 2022

The changes that have taken place since the beginning of the 1998 reform have brought changes to national development, including the performance of the regional organization (OPD) with supervision as a moderating variable in the provincial Government of North Sumatra. Population of this research is the Budget User Authority, the Technical Activities Executive Officer, Financial administration officer across the regional working units. The sampling technique used is the saturated sampling technique. The number of OPD is  The hypotheses were analyzed using the Structural Equation Model (SEM) method with the help of SmartPLS 3.0 software. The results of this study were the understanding of the regional financial accounting systems,regional property management, accountability influence the Regional Working Unit Performance simultaneously. Supervision has no positive effect and does not significantly moderate the influence of Regional Financial Management on Performance OPD the Provincial Government of North Sumatra
The Effectiveness of Supportive Group Therapy to Reduce Impact of Stigma and Burden of Family Members of Schizophrenia Patients in Lampung Province, Indonesia
Authors: Lestari Arena , Hussain Habil Mohamad , Hashim Faridah
Published: December 2022

Stigma and burden from family could be reduce if they have support from other family with the same problem. Supportive group therapy would be able to help family facing stigma and burden. The aim of this study was to explore the impact of stigma and burden on family members the care of schizophrenia patients with supportive group therapy. A mixed-methods exploratory sequential design was used which comprised of the qualitative data using focus group discussion with 14 participants and quantitative data using questionnaire to assess stigma, subjective burden and objective burden to 120 participants. The findings of stigma experience there are three main themes identified; concealment of illness, perceived devaluation, and social withdrawal. Five themes were found; emotional and physical health, interpersonal family relationship, loss of expectation, religion and spirituality as subjective burden and six themes was identified objective burden: financial, disruption of routine family activities, disruption of family leisure, disruption of family interaction, effect of physical health and effect of mental health.  As for quantitative findings, after intervention the mean score of the stigma of family after three times repeated measurement decrease to 30.93 with p value = 0.00, for subjective burden score 154.06 with p value = 0.00 and for objective score burden was 14.53 with P value = 0.00. Supportive group therapy for family members of schizophrenia patients effective to reduce stigma and burden, several recommendations to propose this model to become one of therapy for family with schizophrenia as a program for mental health area.
Implementation of Quality Management System Performance by Batching Plant Service Provider in Kabupaten Aceh Besar
Authors: Chandra Nst Hartawan , Oktaviani Cut Zukhrina , Bulba Alfa Taras
Published: December 2022

Introduction: Ready-mix concrete service providers from batching plants in Aceh Besar District include PT. A, PT. B, PT. C, and PT. D. The production service provider, even though it has ISO 9001:2015 certification, is not consistent with the quality of the product. This study aims to determine the performance of the quality management system implemented by a batching plant production service provider in Aceh Besar District. The production quality of the batching plant under review is the standard deviation of the compressive strength of the concrete on the Sigli – Banda Aceh Toll Road Project. Methods: This study uses a quantitative method approach through a questionnaire. The population is addressed to the personnel of PT. Adhi Karya (Persero) Tbk, which deals with batching plant production, namely project production manager, supervisor, and quality control. Respondents addressed the personnel of PT. Adhi Karya (Persero) Tbk is a service user related to batching plant production, namely project production manager, supervisor, and quality control. Results: The results showed that the performance of the quality management system needs to be improved on a high-priority scale for PT. A is the organizational context for PT. B is the organizational and planning context, and for PT. D is planning. Conclusion: Performance of PT. What needs to be maintained is planning, operations, leadership, and support; what needs to be improved on a low priority scale is performance improvement and evaluation, and what needs to be improved on a high priority scale is the organizational context
The Identification of Pathogen Phenotype for Biophysical Simulation
Authors: Liu Huan
Published: December 2022

Article 6-3. The Identification of Pathogen Phenotype for Biophysical Simulation /生物物理模拟试验中病原体表现型的确定方法 Author: Liu Huan (1983-), Master of Science (First Class Honours), The University of Auckland.
Bio-magnetic field of Cell and Its Application on Separation of Blood Cell Communities along Environmental Gradient
Authors: Liu Huan
Published: December 2022

Article 6-4. Bio-magnetic field of Cell and Its Application on Separation of Blood Cell Communities along Environmental Gradient/细胞的生物磁场及血细胞群落在环境梯度上的分离 Author: Liu Huan (1983-), Master of Science (First Class Honours), The University of Auckland.
The Parameterization of Time-varying Electromagnetic Field for Biophysics Simulation
Authors: Liu Huan
Published: December 2022

Article 6-6. The Parameterization of Time-varying Electromagnetic Field for Biophysics Simulation/生物物理模拟实验中时变电磁场参数的确定方法 Author: Liu Huan (1983-), Master of Science (First Class Honours), The University of Auckland.
The particle dualism of electromagnetic waves
Authors: Liu Huan
Published: December 2022

Article 2: The particle dualism of electromagnetic waves /电磁波的波粒二象性原理 Author: Liu Huan (1983- ), Master of Science (First Class Honours), The University of Auckland.
Gallbladder and other pathologies: 7,788 cases, a cohort study in North Western India
Authors: Bhalgat Bhushan Sanjay , Patel Pinakin , Singh Suresh , Swain Phanindra , Kumar Pravin , Lakhera Kamal Kishor , Gurjar Bhairu , Sharma Raj Govind , Haibatpure Ashwini Dilip
Published: December 2022

Introduction: Gallbladder diseases are a well-studied subset of diseases in the Gangetic belt of India. But, the prevalence of gallbladder diseases, both benign and malignant (as a whole subset) has not been studied in Eastern Rajasthan yet. This study aims to provide an epidemiological overview of all histopathologically proven gall bladder diseases from standard pathology laboratories of Jaipur.

Material and Methods: In this chart review analysis, we scrutinized all the records of histopathologically proven diseases at four major pathology departments and labs in Jaipur, Rajasthan over five years; of which 7,788 patients had gallbladder pathologies. We harnessed this raw data of gall bladder pathologies to obtain meaningful results.

Results: Histopathological analysis revealed the percentage of gall bladder diseases overall of all the histopathologically proven diseases, in Rajasthan as 2.59%. The malignant pathologies accounted for 2.65% of it. Cholelithiasis (41.32%) was the most common benign pathology with acute cholecystitis with cholelithiasis (29.49%), chronic cholecystitis with cholelithiasis (18.73%), acute cholecystitis (8.28%), acalculous cholecystitis (1.11%), reactive hyperplasia (0.69%), mucocele (0.09%) and xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis (0.08%) in descending order of frequency. Adenocarcinoma (83.49%) was the most common malignant pathology found, followed by undifferentiated carcinoma (5.34%), squamous cell carcinoma (4.85%) and adenosquamous carcinoma (1.94%) in that order. Gradewise, malignancies were the most commonly of grade 2. The sex ratio favoured females in both the subsets; being 1:4 for benign and 1:2 for malignant pathologies. 61 to 70 years of age is the most affected age group for gall bladder malignancies for both the sexes.

Conclusion: This study would make the difference in the national average and contribute hugely to the national registry, since it showcases the analysed data from a large geographic location of the country. It would also benefit the clinicians of Rajasthan in better decision-making for the patients of this region.