bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sobre a Reacção de Kahn
Authors: Vieira F. Borges , Silveira Gastão Fleury da
Published: December 2024

Possue a reacção de Wassermann muitos inconvenientes, o que, com o augmento crescente de sua pratica vem send, cada vez mais, reconhecido. A melhor prova disso está hoje nas innumeras modificações que veem sendo introduzidas na sua technica desde o anno de 1906, quando foi descoberta. Quasi que cada experimentador tem o seu modo especial de pratical-a, sendo hoje necessidade premente a sua padronisação.
Cholesterinemia na Lepra
Authors: Gomes J. M. , Leitão F. C. A. Pereira , Wancolle A.
Published: December 2024

A cholesterina é um dos elementos da immunidade. De um modo geral, pode-se dizer que a uma taxa elevada de cholesterina no sangue corresponde maior resistencia ás infecçües (Richard Shapel.Nas molestias agudas a phase critica, iniciadora da convalescença é precedida de hypercholesterinemia. Na turherculose, em casos avançados, ou nas suas maniiestações activas, ha queda da cholesterina do sangue. Neste trabalho emprehendemos a dosagem desta substancia no sangue de leprosos, afim de verificar suas variações e conclusões a tirar.
Considerações sobre a Epidemiologia de algumas Doenças Transmissiveis na Cidade do Sao Paulo - Brasil
Authors: Vieira F. Borges
Published: December 2024

O Instituto de Hygiene de S. Paulo, por sua secção de epidemiologia, recebe de varias dependencias do Serviço Sanitario, os dados das notificações e isolamentos em doenças transmissiveis, acompanhadas, para algumas dellas, dos cartões ou fichas, com os dados epidemiologicos. O presente trabalho, após lançar uma vista de conjuncto sobre a incidencia destas doenças nos ultimas annos, acompanha-se de um estudo mais detalhado da incidencia em 1927, para cujo anno possuimos informações individuaes epidemiologicas mais completas. Os dados meteorologicos foram fornecidos pelo Observatorio desta Capital
Sobre a nova technica da Reacção de Kahn
Authors: Silveira Gastão Fleury da
Published: December 2024

Nulo
Modificações do Poder Coagulante do Soro Sanguineo no Decurso da febre Typhoide
Authors: Ribeiro Benjamin
Published: December 2024

Era meado o anno transaclo, quando nos chegava às máos, por nimia gentileza do Sr. Prof. Cunha Motta, interessante artigo pulilicado nos "Archives of lntenal Medicine" sob o titulo "Aid in lhe diagnosis of typhoid fever - A new laboratory method" da auctoria de A. C. Mills e K. V. Kitzmiller, de Cincinnati. Nesse trabalho, fructo da observação de 13 casos e mediante uma technica algo complicada, concluíram os auctores pelo notavel augmento de antithrombina no curso da febre typhoidc.
Contribuição ao estudo das reacções biologicas na cysticercose (II)
Authors: Silveira Fleury , Pessôa S. B.
Published: December 2024

Nulo
Contribuição ao estudo dos Hemoparasitas dos Ophidios
Authors: Pessoa Samuel B.
Published: December 2024

Em laminas de sangue de um ophidio terrestre do Brasil, Philodryas nattereri, fixadas e coradas pelos methodos de Oiemsa e Pappenheim, encontramos alguns Trypanosomas, que cremos tratar-se de uma nova especie, pois differem quanto a sua morphologia, dos outros até agora descriptos no sangue dos ophidios. Encontramol-os em numero de 3 a 4 para cada lamina examinada; variam pouco quanto ás dimensões e não apresentam o dimorphismo tão commum nestes protozoarios.
Prophylaxia do Impaludismo no Brasil
Authors: Penna Belizario
Published: December 2024

0 thema de hoje ê a "Prophylaxia da Malaria no Brasil!". Para tornar claro o meu modo de Pncarar e~se magno problema santtarlo e polltlco-economico terei primeiramente de dizer algo sobre a endemiologla palustre no Brasil.
Integrating Out-of-Pocket Costs Into Shared Decision-Making for Heart Failure With Reduced Ejection Fraction: A Stepped-Wedge Trial (POCKET-COST-HF)
Authors: Dickert Neal W. , Speight Candace D. , Balser Madeline , Biermann Henry , Davis J. Kelly , Halpern Scott D. , Ko Yi-An , Krishnan Advaita , Matlock Daniel D. , Mitchell Andrea R. , Moore Miranda A. , Montembeau Sarah C. , Morris Alanna A. , Noonan Kathleen , Rao Birju R. , Scherer Laura D. , Sloan Caroline E. , Ubel Peter A. , Allen Larry A.
Published: December 2024

BACKGROUND:

Guideline-directed medical therapy for heart failure (HF) with reduced ejection fraction can entail high out-of-pocket (OOP) costs, prompting concerns about financial toxicity and access. OOP costs are generally unavailable during encounters. This trial assessed the impact of providing patient-specific OOP costs to patients and clinicians.

METHODS:

This trial was conducted between June 2021 and August 2023 at 6 clinics in 2 health systems using a stepped-wedge, clinic-level cluster-randomized design. Adult patients with HF with reduced ejection fraction (left ventricular ejection fraction ≤40%) were enrolled. The intervention was built upon the EPIC-HF (Electronically Delivered, Patient-Activation Tool for Intensification of Medications for Chronic Heart Failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction) checklist of approved HF with reduced ejection fraction medications. Patients and clinicians received this checklist with (intervention) or without (control) patient-specific OOP cost estimates for higher-cost medications at the time of encounter. Estimates were obtained by providing pharmacy benefit information to a financial navigation firm. Encounters were audio-recorded, and patients were surveyed 2 weeks later. The primary outcome was cost-informed decision-making, defined by mentioning HF medication cost during the encounter. The primary analysis used a generalized linear mixed model. Secondary outcomes were assessed via transcript subcoding and analysis of survey responses.

RESULTS:

Demographic characteristics of 247 patients (mean age, 62.9 years; 29.5% female; 26.3% Black; and 3.2% Hispanic/LatinX) treated by 39 clinicians in intervention and control periods were similar. In the primary model, the rate of cost-informed decision-making was higher in the intervention group than the control group (68% versus 49%;
P
=0.021). Baseline rates of cost discussions and the impact of the intervention varied across sites. When cost discussions were present, fewer discussions in the intervention group involved contingency plans to address potential costs (16.5% versus 31.9%;
P
=0.028). Most other secondary outcomes were not significantly different.

CONCLUSIONS:

Disclosing comprehensive OOP medication costs to patients with HF with reduced ejection fraction increased cost-informed decision-making. Further work is needed to optimize implementation and assess the impact on medication choices and adherence.

REGISTRATION:

URL:
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov
; Unique identifier: NCT04793880.
Nomenclatural and taxonomic notes on two species of ribbon worms (Nemertea) collected during the La Recherche Expedition (1838–1840)
Authors: KAJIHARA HIROSHI
Published: December 2024

Illustrations of at least three unidentified species of nemerteans from the Nordic Seas, collected during the French La Recherche Expedition (1838–1840), were included in a work published around 1842–1848 as part of a series reporting the results of the expedition. Of these three species, two were later named based on the illustrations: Meckelia borealis Diesing, 1862 and Ditactorrhochma typicum Diesing, 1862, which were subsequently reclassified in 1904 as Cerebratulus borealis (Diesing, 1862) and Amphiporus typicus (Diesing, 1862), respectively, and have been accepted as valid to date. The genus Ditactorrhochma Diesing, 1862, established for D. typicum, has been synonymized with Amphiporus Ehrenberg, 1831 since 1904. In this article, the lineid heteronemertean Cerebratulus borealis is deemed a nomen dubium because it cannot be distinguished with certainty from several similar existing species, including those with higher priority, namely Lineus ruber (Müller, 1774) and L. viridis (Müller, 1774). Meanwhile, the monostiliferous hoplonemertean Amphiporus typicus is identified herein as a junior subjective synonym of Nipponnemertes pulchra (Johnston, 1837). Ditactorrhochma Diesing, 1862 is thus a senior subjective synonym of Nipponnemertes Gibson & Crandall, 1989. Ditactorrhochma has not been used as a valid name since 1900, whereas Nipponnemertes has been used prevalently, meeting the conditions stipulated in Article 23.9.1 of the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature (fourth edition). Therefore, Ditactorrhochma Diesing, 1862 is now declared a nomen oblitum with respect to Nipponnemertes Gibson & Crandall, 1989, the latter being a nomen protectum.
Morpho-molecular systematics of Striaticonidium kfriense (Stachybotryaceae), a new synnematous species from the Western Ghats, India
Authors: RAJESHKUMAR KUNHIRAMAN C. , PARAPARATH SRUTHI O. , ASHTAMOORTHY SREEJITH K. , ROBI ALOOR J. , GAUTAM AJAY KUMAR , VERMA RAJNISH KUMAR , JEEWON RAJESH , ANSIL PARAYELIL A. , KARUNARATHNA SAMANTHA C. , KAVILEVEETTIL SANKARAN
Published: December 2024

This study introduces a new species of Striaticonidium from the evergreen forests of Karadichola, Vazhachal in the southern Western Ghats of Kerala, India. This new species is distinct from the other members of the Striaticonidium genus due to its significantly longer determinate synnemata with twisted stalk and marginal, flexuous, coarsely ornamented setae. Striaticonidium kfriense is also unique for its larger conidia and conidiogenous cells from the morphologically comparable, S. synnematum. Phylogenetic analyses of combined cmdA-ITS-LSU-rpb2-tub2 sequence data delineated S. kfriense as a new lineage sister to S. synnematum under the family Stachybotryaceae. Furthermore, the pairwise homoplasy index between S. kfriense and other species within Striaticonidium indicated no evidence of significant genetic recombination between our species and its closest relatives. This is the first record of genus Striaticonidium from India especially from the pristine warm tropical natural forests of the Indian Gondwanan region, such as the Western Ghats.
Molecular phylogeny and morphology reveal a new Eichleriella species (Auriculariales, Basidiomycota) from China
Authors: DENG YINGLIAN , CHEN MENG , LIU LINFENG , ZHAO RUI , LI QI , MIAO JIAYUN , ZHAO CHANGLIN , ZHOU HONGMIN
Published: December 2024

A new wood-inhabiting fungus Eichleriella yunnanensis is proposed based on a combination of the morphological features and molecular evidence. Eichleriella yunnanensis is characterized by the buff to clay-pink hymenial surface, a monomitic hyphal system with thin- to thick walled generative hyphae having the clamp connections, and thin-walled, subglobose to subclavate basidia with longitudinally septate, and thin-walled, curved-cylindrical to allantoid basidiospores. The phylogenetic tree inferred from ITS+nLSU sequences revealed that the new species was nested into the family Auriculariaceae within the order Auriculariales, in which it was closely related to the species E. discolor and E. xinpingensis. On the basis of ITS sequences indicated that the new species was nested into the genus Eichleriella, and also grouped with the clade comprising E. discolor and E. xinpingensis.
A new species of the genus Mallomonas from section Marsupiales from Viet Nam
Authors: IGNATENKO MARINA , LAM NGUYEN NGOC , HUAN PHAN TRONG , GUSEV EVGENIY S.
Published: December 2024

A new species of the genus Mallomonas from Viet Nam is described in this paper. The description was based on the scale morphology, which was studied using scanning and transmission electron microscopy. The new species, Mallomonas arenosa sp. nov., was characterized by small rhombic scales with a small dome, rectangular or polygonal reticulation on the shield with pits inside, and struts radiating from the arms of the anterior submarginal rib to the anterior flanges. Based on the ultrastructure of the scales, the new species should be assigned to the section Marsupiales. This is only the third species in this section. Mallomonas arenosa has only been found in two nearby localities.
Two new taxa of brush-footed butterflies (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) from the Western Ghats biodiversity hotspot, southern India
Authors: KUNTE KRUSHNAMEGH , BASU DIPENDRA NATH
Published: December 2024

A new species, Amathusia travancorica sp. nov. (Nymphalidae: Satyrinae: Amathusiini), and a new subspecies, Athyma inara sahyadriensis ssp. nov. (Nymphalidae: Limenitidinae: Limenitidini), are described from the Western Ghats biodiversity hotspot, India, based on multiple male and female specimens. The new taxa are compared with type specimens of related species and subspecies, revealing consistent differences that distinguish the new taxa. Genitalia dissections are also provided as comparative materials. Additional information is provided on historical records, distributional ranges, habits and habitat, phenology, larval host plants, and early stages. Finally, the type locality and synonymy of Pantoporia mera Swinhoe, 1917 are discussed based on comparison of type specimens (Pantoporia mera Swinhoe, 1917 syn. nov.=Athyma inara Westwood, 1850).
New geometrid moths from Iraqi Kurdistan (Lepidoptera, Geometridae: Sterrhinae, Larentiinae)
Authors: KHUDHUR FARHAD A. , HAUSMANN AXEL
Published: December 2024

A large number of geometrid moths was collected by the first author in Iraqi Kurdistan including several undescribed species and subspecies. In this paper we describe three new geometrid taxa: Idaea medianocturna walaila ssp. nov., Lulavia mahwii sp. nov. and Protorhoe drechseli nebuloides ssp. nov. We present differential diagnoses and images of adult moths and genitalia.
The State of Earth Observing System Today: Updates Compiled from Recent EUMETSAT Meteorological Satellite Conferences
Authors: Shenolikar Justin , Ruti Paolo M. , Lee Daniel , Thonipparambil Sreerekha , Tervo Roope , Fierli Federico , Obligis Estelle , Cacciari Alessandra , Raspaud Martin , Bouchet Veronique , Abellan Xavier , McNally Tony , Bessho Kotaro , Boukabara Sid , Brocca Luca , Puca Silvia , Pinardi Nadia , Schulz Joerg , Saalmueller Joachim , Bojkov Bojan
Published: December 2024

This work presents highlights from the 2021 and 2022 EUMETSAT conferences, drawn from their presentations, posters, and panel discussions and placed into the wider context of the global Earth Observing (EO) system. These highlights collectively reveal much about the current state of knowledge about the EO system, its potential future evolutions, and how that system can be used to produce useful products and services. European, American, and Asian space agencies presented their visions for the next generation of operational satellite programs and demonstrated how these will continue to improve environmental forecasting and monitoring products. User communities presented updates on the use of satellite data, including climate records, novel precipitation retrievals, drought monitoring, weather forecasting, and retrievals of a broadening range of trace gases. On the technology side, discussion on the impact of artificial intelligence (AI) on Earth observation was a major theme, particularly for weather forecasting, data assimilation, or other environmental predictions. Cloud computing was another topic due to its potential to streamline the workflow of EO scientists, enhancing collaborations and unlocking access to previously unavailable data or computing resources. Finally, discussion on the miniaturization of observational instruments was another major theme of both conferences, highlighting both the possibility of novel or enhanced observations and the emerging economic case for commercial entities to operate fleets of meteorological satellites.
Analysis of the geometric non-uniformity effect on the free vibration characteristic of graphene reinforced axially functionally graded nano-composite beam
Authors: Gantayat Amit Kumar , Sutar Mihir Kumar , Mohanty Jyoti Ranjan , Pattnaik Sarojrani
Published: December 2024

In this research work, an axially functionally graded (AFG) Nano-composite beam is modeled to observe the free vibration behavior beamfor non-uniform geometry. The beam is mathematically modeled as an Euler-Bernoulli beam using MATLAB code. Where the graphene Nanoplatelets (GPL) are axially reinforced with A and V type functions. The geometry nonuniformity in the beam is introduced with an exponential function, where the exponent of the equation governs the cross-section of the geometry. The material modulus and other properties at each section along the beam axis are modeled as particulate fiber randomly oriented composite with the help of Halpin Tsai theory and rule of mixture. The finite element method (FEM) is used for the solution and analysis of the model. The model is first validated for uniform geometry results then the non-dimensional fundamental frequency of the AFG beam is obtained for various parameter combinations. The results for various combinations are plotted and it is noted that the free vibration characteristic of the model is strongly dependent on non-uniformity in geometry, end-support constraints,and slenderness ratios (L/h0) combination of the model. This research contributes significantly to the understanding of advanced composite structures and offers potential benefits for the design and optimization of these materials in various engineering applications. The study reveals significant variations in natural frequencies depending on the A type & V type GPL distribution pattern and geometric parameters, which are crucial for the structural integrity and performance of nano composite beams.
Service providers views on changes in low vision service provision during and after the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Frost Elizabeth C , Edgar David F , Dickinson Christine , Subramanian Ahalya
Published: December 2024

The COVID-19 pandemic resulted in changes to low vision service provision across the UK. The main aim of this study was to investigate service providers’ (SPs) experiences of, and views on, the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on provision of low vision (LV) assessments, and future provision post-pandemic. A mixed methods approach employed two surveys (S1 and S2) and one-to-one semi-structured phone interviews. SPs were invited for S1 (LV assessments before and during the pandemic) between June and August 2021, and S2 (post-pandemic services) in July 2022. Eleven purposively recruited SPs gave telephone interviews, assessing changes to LV assessments during the pandemic and how experiences could inform future services. Survey responses were tested for significant differences between proportions, and interviews analysed using thematic analysis. Eighty SPs, comprising clinical and non-clinical professionals, responded to S1, 27 to S2. Two themes emerged from interviews and surveys: early pandemic modifications and remote services. From S1, during the pandemic there was a significant increase ( p < .001) in the proportion of SPs providing LV assessments remotely (either alongside face-to-face provision, or remotely only), compared with pre-pandemic. S1, conducted while some COVID restrictions remained, also identified an increase in the proportion of LV assessments expected to be provided remotely post-pandemic compared with pre-pandemic ( p < .001). However, for S2, conducted after all restrictions were lifted, the increase in the proportion of LV assessments actually provided remotely post-pandemic was not statistically significant ( p = .20). Advantages (e.g., reduced risk of infection) and limitations (e.g., issues for hearing-impaired users) of remote LV assessments were highlighted. Remote LV assessments increased significantly during the pandemic and remained more common post- than pre-pandemic, though less common than anticipated. Many advantages were perceived, but guidance may need to be developed before remote services are more widely adopted.
Relationship between the start time of treatment and patient prognosis in cases of acute wild mushroom poisoning in a certain region of Guizhou Province, China from 2013 to 2020: A retrospective Observational Study and forecast
Authors: Xia Caiyun , Lai Fuping , Wu Jin , Zhan Jiangshan , Zhang Xiaojun , Yu Xian , Liao Ya , Zhang Guiyi , Hu Jie , Wang Tinggang , Lu Yuanlan
Published: December 2024

Mushroom poisoning has been identified as a primary cause of both foodborne disease outbreaks and related fatalities in China. Depending on the mushroom species ingested, target-organ damage can usually be attributed to the toxins presenting in the mushroom species ingested, which can ultimately lead to organ failure and death. Developing a joint risk prediction model for death caused by acute mushroom poisoning could accurately predict the risk of mortality in such cases, early initiation of bundled treatment could significantly reduce mortality.

Methods

This single-center, retrospective observational study was conducted on 455 patients with Undergoing Treatment for Mushroom Poisoning at Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University (AHZMU), the tertiary governmental hospital of China, between January 2013 and December 2020. We investigated the impact of prognostic factors, including the mortality rate of patients who completed treatment at AHZMU versus those transferred to AHZMU, average length of hospital stay, mortality rate for a latency period of > 6-h, major damaged organs, HOPE6-TALK scoring and established a predictive model to assess the severity of acute mushroom poisoning.

Results

In 2013-2020, there are 455 patients of mushroom poisoning at AHZMU. Mushroom poisonings mainly concentrated in the summer and autumn months, resulted in 47 patients deaths. The first diagnosis cases at AHZMU resulting in a case fatality rate of 12.77% (6/47), Non-first diagnosis patients fatality accounting for 87.23% (41/47). The majority of deaths (89.36%) were attributed to liver injury. Death with incubation period >6-h accounting for 70.21% (33/47) of the total mortality rate. Logistic regression analysis revealed age and HOPE6 scores as independent risk factors, thereby establishing the logistic model equation, an examination via the ROC curve analysis indicates that a combination predictor values (Ycoalition) of 289.6 is the cut-off values for death resulting from acute mushroom poisoning.

Conclusion

The attending physician should conduct an early HOPE6-TALK scoring and calculate the Ycoalition for patients with acute mushroom poisoning, as well as promptly identify the toxic mushrooms through morphological and molecular biological identification. Identify mushroom species and further infer the clinical type and clinical characteristics. For example, amanitoxion can cause acute liver injury with high mortality. Identify mushroom species that may cause organ damage so that timely implementation of the bundled therapy for poisonous mushrooms will increase the cure rate and reduce the mortality rate (Lu et al., 2019).
The wounded healer: The history and implications of lived experience in mental health care
Authors: Taylor Sarah
Published: December 2024

Objective

The first-hand expertise of people with lived experience has gained prominence in the provision of mental health services over the last 20 years. Unfortunately, due to ongoing stigma, there appears to be an ongoing belief that people with lived experience and mental health professionals are two separate entities. Research suggests otherwise, with a significant proportion of mental health professionals having their own experience of mental crisis or mental illness. Indeed, there are numerous prominent figures, littered through the history of psychiatry, all with lived experience of trauma or mental illness which shaped their contributions to the field. The history and prevalence of lived experience among our clinicians and the benefits brought by their expertise will be discussed in this article.

Conclusions

Research demonstrates that acknowledging clinicians’ own lived experience has significant benefits in mental health care and outcomes. Perhaps a little more acceptance of our own ‘wounded healers’ is the first step to truly incorporating the wisdom of those with personal lived experience into our mental health services.
Testing the Appropriateness of Social Disorganization Theory in the Study of Neighborhood Factors and Rural Child Maltreatment
Authors: Maguire-Jack Kathryn , VanBerkel Derek , Chang Olivia D. , Spilsbury James C. , Chang Yujeong
Published: December 2024

The current study aimed to examine the extent to which neighborhood structural factors commonly found to be associated with child maltreatment in urban areas also apply to rural areas. Using three years of administrative child welfare data, we examined patterns of child maltreatment across metro and nonmetro census tracts in the State of Michigan. Extending from social disorganization theory, a principal components factor analysis was conducted to determine the extent to which neighborhood structural factors (neighborhood economic disadvantage, residential instability, and childcare burden) that have been tested in relation to child maltreatment in urban areas cluster together similarly in rural areas. Spatial analysis and negative binomial regression were used to examine: (1) the extent to which these three factors were related to child maltreatment substantiation rates in nonmetro census tracts; and (2) factors hypothesized to have unique impacts within nonmetro tracts, including seasonal housing and racial demographics of neighborhoods. Findings showed some similarities between metro and nonmetro areas, including associations of neighborhood poverty, single-parent households, and vacant housing units with increased levels of child maltreatment. Differences between metro and nonmetro areas were also identified, suggesting the need for additional research into the neighborhood correlates of rural child maltreatment.
Integrating R Into Statistics and Data Analysis Education: Learnings From the Development and Evaluation of a Teaching Concept for Communication Science
Authors: Scheper Jule , Leuppert Robin , Possler Daniel , Freytag Anna , Bruns Sophie , Niemann-Lenz Julia
Published: December 2024

Despite the increasing use of the statistical programming language R in statistics and data analysis (SDA), its implementation in communication science education is limited. Experiences, recommendations, and a critical exchange are therefore scarce. The following contribution addresses this very gap. At the Department of Journalism and Communication Research of the Hanover University of Music, Drama and Media, we have transitioned the SDA education to R. We share our concept and demonstrate its success. The results of an online survey indicate that students perceived most teaching elements as helpful, recognizing both opportunities and challenges. We present key learnings designed to assist others in successfully integrating R into SDA education.
Altered platelet phenotype in patients with type II endoleaks following abdominal aortic aneurysm repair
Authors: Pratama Muhammad Yogi , King Benjamin , Teter Katherine A , Bi Christina , Presedo Natalie , Harish Keerthi B , Giardinetto Catarina Santos , Belleca Sheehan , Chervonski Ethan , Maldonado Thomas S , Ramkhelawon Bhama
Published: December 2024

Background:

Endovascular abdominal aortic aneurysm repair (EVAR) is a preferred surgery to prevent aneurysm sac enlargement and minimize the risk of life-threatening rupture in patients with AAA. Serious complications of type II endoleaks following EVAR can cause sac expansion and increase rupture risk. This study focused on evaluating clinical and blood characteristics in patients with type II endoleaks to refine our understanding of systemic fluctuations associated with unsuccessful EVAR.

Methods:

This retrospective study included 146 patients with AAA who underwent primary elective endovascular procedures (EVAR/fEVAR) between 2013 and 2021. Clinical characteristics, complete blood count (CBC) and imaging data were analyzed from patients who did and did not develop type II endoleaks.

Results:

Mean platelet volume (MPV) was significantly increased in patients who developed type II endoleaks after EVAR. Receiver operating characteristic analysis showed that MPV has a satisfactory discriminatory performance in distinguishing post-EVAR patients who developed type II endoleaks, yielding an area under the curve (AUC) value of 0.64. A risk stratification panel incorporating MPV, type II diabetes history, and administration of dual antiplatelet therapies yielded an AUC of 0.70 and predicted an endoleak-free survival rate with a hazard ratio of 2.94. A nomogram revealed that MPV had the highest scoring weight among all significant variables.

Conclusion:

Patients with type II endoleaks following EVAR have elevated MPV indicative of different phenotypes of circulating platelets. MPV presents an attractive predictive criteria for assessing the occurrence of type II endoleaks in patients with AAA.
Archaeology of loneliness
Authors: Santos Joel
Published: December 2024

Although the study of emotions in archaeology has increased considerably in recent years, loneliness remains understudied. This paper aims to challenge that bias and demonstrate how identifying and exploring loneliness can provide invaluable insights into the human experience, enabling a greater understanding of past societies and their social dynamics. This study, bridging sciences and humanities, aims to promote a debate to address the gap in the archaeological study of loneliness. Taking an interdisciplinary approach, with insights from history, anthropology, and psychology, two case studies are presented using three different lines of archaeological analysis: one from architectural structures which contribute to the feeling of loneliness; one from lonely landscapes that may contribute to the same negative feeling; and one from the social (or individual) strategies used to fight that feeling.
J-Shaped Association Between Respiratory Rate and In-Hospital Mortality in Acute Myocardial Infarction Patients Complicated by Congestive Heart Failure in Intensive Care Unit
Authors: Zhang Kai , Zhang Rong , Han Yu , Cai Tian Yi , Gu Fang Ming , Gu Zhao Xuan , Zhang Tianqi , Huang Mao Xun
Published: December 2024

Background: While respiratory rate has proven to be a sensitive prognostic indicator in ICU settings, its relevance in the context of Acute Myocardial Infarction (AMI) patients complicated by Congestive Heart Failure (CHF) remains underexplored. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the relationship between respiratory rate and in-hospital mortality in this specific patient cohort. Methods: This retrospective cohort study utilized the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care-IV database to analyze all AMI patients with concomitant CHF. The primary outcome, in-hospital mortality, was assessed through multivariate analysis. Logistic regression models, restricted cubic spline regression models, and subgroup analyses were employed to explore the association between respiratory rate and in-hospital mortality. Results: The study encompassed 5056 participants diagnosed with both CHF and AMI. After adjusting for confounding variables, each incremental unit rise in respiratory rate was associated with an 8% increase in the risk of patient mortality (OR = 1.08, 95% CI: 1.05∼1.11, P < 0.001). When comparing individuals with respiratory rates in the first tertile (≤17 breaths per minute) and the third tertile (>17-20 breaths per minute) to those in the second tertile (17-20 breaths per minute), the adjusted ORs for in-hospital mortality were 1.09 (95% CI: 0.82∼1.46, P = 0.546) and 1.62 (95% CI: 1.27∼2.06, P < 0.001), respectively. A dose-response relationship depicted a J-shaped curve between respiratory rate and the risk of in-hospital mortality, with an inflection point at approximately 19 breaths per minute. Stratified analyses confirmed the robustness of this correlation. Conclusions: This study reveals a J-shaped association between respiratory rate and in-hospital mortality in ICU patients suffering from both AMI and CHF.
Validation of the Black-&-White sign to predict intracerebral hematoma expansion in the multi-center PREDICT study cohort
Authors: Pensato Umberto , Tanaka Koji , Ospel Johanna M , Aviv Richard I , Rodriguez-Luna David , Hill Micheal D , Molina Carlos A , Silva Blas Yolanda , Boulanger Jean-Martin , Gord Gubitz , Bhatia Rohit , Padma Vasantha , Roy Jayanta , Dzialowski Imanuel , Kase Carlos S , Kobayashi Adam , Dowlatshahi Dar , Demchuk Andrew M
Published: December 2024

Background:

Hematoma expansion (HE) occurs in one-fourth to one-third of patients with acute intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) and is associated with worse outcomes. The co-localization of non-contrast computed tomography (NCCT) hypodensity and computed tomography angiography (CTA) spot sign, the so-called Black-&-White (B&W) sign, has been shown to have high predictive accuracy for HE in a single-center cohort. In this analysis, we aimed to validate the predictive accuracy of the B&W sign for HE in a multicenter cohort.

Methods:

Acute ICH patients from the multicenter, observational PREDICT study (Predicting Hematoma Growth and Outcome in Intracerebral Hemorrhage Using Contrast Bolus CT) were included. Outcomes included HE (⩾6 mL or ⩾33%) and severe HE (⩾12.5 mL or >66%). The association between B&W sign and outcomes was assessed with multivariable regression analyses adjusted for baseline factors.

Results:

Three hundred four patients were included, with 106 (34.9%) showing HE. The spot sign was present in 76 (25%) patients, the hypodensity sign in 119 (39.1%), and the B&W sign in 29 (9.5%). In the stratum with positive spot signs, patients with B&W signs experienced more frequent HE (79.3% vs 46.8%, p = 0.008), hematoma absolute growth (19.1 mL (interquartile range (IQR) = 6.4–40) vs 3.2 mL (IQR= 0–23.3), p = 0.018), and hematoma relative growth (92% (IQR = 16–151%) vs 24% (IQR= 0–69%), p = 0.038). There was a strong association between B&W sign and HE (adjusted odds ratio (OR) = 7.83 (95% confidence interval (CI) = 2.93–20.91)) and severe HE (adjusted OR = 5.67 (95% CI = 2.41–13.36)). The B&W sign yielded a positive predictive value of 79.3% (IQR = 61.7–90.1) for HE. Inter-rater agreement was moderate (k = 0.54).

Conclusion:

The B&W sign is associated with an increased likelihood of HE and severe HE by approximately eightfold and fivefold, respectively.
Early childhood education for sustainability: Outcomes for social and emotional learning
Authors: Watt Bridget A , Frydenberg Erica
Published: December 2024

Early childhood influences value formation and mental wellbeing later in life. Early Childhood Education for Sustainability (ECEFS) aims to bolster children’s social emotional skills and instil environmentally sustainable attitudes and behaviours through transformative learning. The current study investigated the Learning in Nature Program (LNP), an ECEFS curriculum at an inner city preschool in Melbourne, Australia. Data from the 2021 ( n = 27) and 2022 ( n = 56) cohorts generally supported the expectation that children’s pro-environmentally sustainable attitudes and behaviours would increase after completing the LNP, both in the quantitative data analysis and the qualitative data from parent ( n = 17) questionnaires. There were significant decreases in peer problems, emotion problems, hyperactivity, conduct problems and negative coping. There were significant increases in positive prosocial behaviour and empathy.
Post-traumatic stress disorder in mother’s of children hospitalized in the neonatal intensive care
Authors: Sellouti Mohamed , Agadr Aomar , Abilkassem Rachid
Published: December 2024

Background: The progress of neonatal intensive care units has notably enhanced the chances of survival for infants. Despite this, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in mothers of neonates receiving care in the Neonatal Intensive Care Units (NICU) remains a widely underestimated issue.

Aims and objectives: Our objective was to pinpoint the possible risk factors contributing to the development of post-traumatic stress disorder in mothers of neonates receiving care in the NICU.

Methods: A prospective, descriptive study was carried out at the Mohamed V Moroccan Military teaching hospital over a 1-year period from January 1st, 2023, to December 31st, 2023, concentrating on neonatal medicine and resuscitation. Mothers were interviewed, and the presence of PTSD after preterm birth and NICU admission was assessed using the Clinician Administered PTSD Scale (CAPS) at 28–30 days following NICU admission or at the time of discharge.

Results: The findings revealed that mothers of premature infants displayed more stress symptoms compared to mothers of full-term newborns. Through multivariate analysis, we observed that the gestational age of newborns admitted to the NICU significantly ( p = 0.001) influenced the occurrence of PTSD.

Conclusion: Post-traumatic stress disorder in mothers of preterm newborns is a pathological condition that demands proper management from the very first days after birth. The NICU environment remains a significant risk factor for PTSD.
Linking Accessibility, Easiness and Satisfaction of Users for Public Service Deliveries Through ICTs: Do Amenities Make Things Better?
Authors: Kumar Rajiv , Kumar Pawan , Arya Sanehal
Published: December 2024

This study explores the complex relationships between the accessibility of information and communication technologies (ICTs) in rural Haryana and user satisfaction with public services. The study explores how ‘easiness’ mediates the relationship between accessibility and satisfaction, putting forth a complex model of moderated mediation in which amenities play a key moderating role. Using a large dataset of 981 respondents, the study makes use of several advanced statistical techniques. The results show that there is a significant mediation impact of ease of use in the link between accessibility and satisfaction. Additionally, the study reveals that amenities have a moderating effect on this association, influencing its nature and degree of strength. Remarkably, the ease of use mediates the indirect effect of accessibility on satisfaction, which is strongest in areas with a lot of good or high-quality amenities. All things considered, this study makes a substantial contribution to our understanding of the complex interactions between accessibility, ease of use, conveniences and user satisfaction when it comes to ICT-based public service delivery in rural regions. The information gathered has important policy implications since it highlights how facilities and technology accessibility play a crucial role in increasing user satisfaction in rural development programs.
Inaticabtagene autoleucel in adult relapsed or refractory B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Authors: Wang Ying , Lv Lulu , Song Yongping , Wei Xudong , Zhou Hongsheng , Liu Qifa , Xu Kailin , Yan Dongmei , Zhang Cheng , Liu Shuangyou , Jin Jie , Mei Heng , Niu Ting , Liang Aibin , Gu Runxia , Ren Jienan , Feng Yi , Jin Wei , Zhou Yan , Deng Yiping , Wang Jianxiang
Published: December 2024

Before November 2023, CD19 chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapies had not been approved in China for patients with relapsed or refractory B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (R/R B-ALL), leaving a significant unmet need. In response, inaticabtagene autoleucel (Inati-cel), a novel CD19 CAR T-cell therapy with a distinct single-chain variable fragment (HI19α), was developed and showed promising efficacy in preliminary clinical research. We conducted a phase 2, single-arm, multicenter study of Inati-cel in adult CD19+ R/R B-ALL in China. The primary end point was the overall remission rate (ORR) at the end of month 3. Forty-eight patients who underwent Inati-cel infusion were evaluated for both efficacy and safety. Among them, 34 patients achieved and maintained remission beyond 3 months, with a 3-month ORR of 70.8% (95% confidence interval [CI], 55.9-83.1). The best ORR was 85.4%, with all responders reaching minimal residual disease negativity. With a median follow-up of 23.7 months, the median duration of remission was 20.7 months (95% CI, 6.4 to not reached), and the median overall survival was not reached (95% CI, 13.0 months to not reached). Additionally, grade ≥3 cytokine release syndrome and neurologic events occurred in 12.5% and 6.2% of patients, respectively. The 2-year follow-up data suggest that Inati-cel demonstrates encouraging and durable responses with manageable safety profiles in R/R B-ALL. Based on the data from this pivotal trial, Inati-cel was approved as the first CAR T-cell therapy for adult R/R B-ALL in China and underscores its potential therapeutic benefits for this patient population. This trial was registered at www.ClinicalTrials.gov as #NCT04684147.
Cause Analysis of Rail Corrugation in Metro Lines Based on System Vibration Characteristics
Authors: Wang Zhiqiang , Lei Zhenyu , Luo Yanyun
Published: December 2024

The mechanism of rail corrugation remains unclear, and the research methods require improvement. The vibration characteristics represent the system’s external manifestations, but a comprehensive analysis is still lacking. Taking the vibration characteristics of the wheel-rail system as a starting point, this study investigates the formation mechanisms of rail corrugation on measured metro lines. The line sections included both steel spring floating slab tracks and long sleeper embedded tracks. First, the wavelength and frequency attributes of rail corrugation were obtained through field measurements. Then, referencing line conditions, three-dimensional finite element numerical models were established, frequency response calculations were performed, and the relationship between the vibration responses of the wheel-rail system and rail corrugation was analyzed. Finally, a parameter sensitivity analysis of the wheel-rail system was conducted to control the further development of rail corrugation. The results show distinct corrugation phenomena on both inner and outer rails in the measured sections. The characteristic wavelengths of inner and outer rail corrugation on the steel spring floating slab track are 34 mm and 59 mm, respectively, and the characteristic wavelengths of inner and outer rail corrugation on the long sleeper embedded track are 46 mm and 47 mm, respectively. The frequency response analysis indicates that the numerical results exhibit eigenfrequencies close to the passing frequencies of the measured corrugations. The formation mechanism of inner rail corrugation on the steel spring floating slab track is attributed to the third-order bending vibration of the wheelset, which leads to the generation of inner rail corrugation. In contrast, the formation mechanism of outer rail corrugation is attributed to the lateral bending vibration of the outer rail. For the long sleeper embedded track, inner rail corrugation is generated by the lateral bending vibration of the inner rail, while outer rail corrugation results from the lateral bending vibration of the outer rail. Appropriate adjustments to the fastener’s vertical and lateral stiffness, as well as the steel spring’s vertical and lateral stiffness, can shift the rail corrugation eigenfrequencies, thereby inhibiting the development of corrugation with the original wavelength. Changes in other parameters have no effect on the rail corrugation eigenfrequencies and only influence the development speed of corrugation with the original wavelength. This research effectively elucidates the cause of rail corrugation from the system vibration perspective and provides a valuable complement to the corrugation analysis method.
Cluster headache and galcanezumab: the first real-world Brazilian study and an expert consensus on its use among other treatments
Authors: Krymchantowski Abouch , Jevoux Carla , Piovesan Élcio Juliato , Valença Marcelo Moraes , Kowacs Fernando , Kowacs Pedro André , Dach Fabíola , Monzillo Paulo Hélio , Bordini Carlos Alberto , Silva-Néto Raimundo Pereira
Published: December 2024

Objective

To present the first Brazilian real-world results with galcanezumab and provide a consensus expert opinion on the prophylactic treatment of cluster headache (CH) in Brazil.

Methods

The first part of the study (real-world results) was observational, prospective, uncontrolled, and descriptive. A sample of 44 consecutive patients with episodic or chronic CH were evaluated and treated in a traditional tertiary clinic from March 2020 to June 2024. The second part (consensus expert opinion) consisted of a survey completed by ten Brazilian headache clinicians with at least 25 years of clinical experience, who published at least 15 headache papers and attended at least 15 national or international headache conferences.

Results

Forty-four patients (86.4% men, 13.6% women) were included. The average age was 45.9 ± 14.2 years. The diagnosis was made 27.3 ± 13.6 years after the onset of headache bouts. In 84.1% of the patients, CH was classified as episodic. Verapamil, lithium, or verapamil plus lithium were prescribed to respectively, 25%, 9.1%, and 6.8% of patients. Galcanezumab was prescribed to all and the majority (65.9%) used a dose of 300 mg once. There was a reduction in headache frequency of ≥ 50% at 3 weeks in 65.9% of patients for all doses of galcanezumab, and in 72.4% of those using galcanezumab 300 mg. Verapamil was recommended as a first-line treatment by 6 of 10 experts and a second-line treatment by the other 4 experts; galcanezumab was recommended as a first-line treatment by 4 of 10 experts and as a second-line treatment by 3 of 10 experts.

Conclusions

This study presented the first real-world data with galcanezumab in Brazilian patients with CH and showed a reduction in headache frequency in most patients. A survey of Brazilian experts not meant to represent the country’s guidelines, favored galcanezumab as either the first or the second option in prophylaxis. Collectively, these results highlighted galcanezumab’s promising efficacy as a new tool in CH patients.
The relationship between self-confidence and attitude of emergency medical technicians towards family presence during resuscitation
Authors: Najafi Jaber , Gilani Neda , Hassankhani Hadi , Ghafourifard Mansour , Dadashzadeh Abbas , Zali Mahnaz
Published: December 2024

Background

Family presence during resuscitation is a controversial issue worldwide. The aim of this study was to investigate the self-confidence and attitudes of Emergency Medical Technicians (EMTs) towards family presence during resuscitation (FPDR).

Methods

In this cross-sectional study, a random sample of 252 EMTs were selected from 110 prehospital emergency centers. Two main questionnaires were used to collect data on the EMTs’ self-confidence and attitudes towards FPDR.

Results

The results showed that the EMTs’ attitudes towards FPDR were lower than the mean (43.69 ± 19.40). In addition, more than 85% of them stated that the resuscitation process was stressful for the patient’s companions. There was a positive correlation between EMTs’ self-confidence and attitudes towards FPDR (r = 0.52, p < 0.01). The results showed that the smaller number of family members present during resuscitation was associated with higher EMTs’ self-confidence and more positive attitudes towards FPDR. Moreover, personnel with more experience, liability insurance, and advanced resuscitation training were significantly more self-confident than other personnel.

Conclusion

A large number of the EMS personnel have a negative attitude towards FPDR, but EMTs, with higher self-confidence, have a more positive attitude. Therefore, it is possible to improve the EMTs attitudes towards FPDR and increase their self-confidence by training them to perform resuscitation in the presence of the family and by preventing people from gathering at resuscitation scenes.