bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Supreme Court of the Russian Federation Has Protected the Right of a Participant of the Special Military Operation to an Obligatory One-Time Payment
Authors:   Advisor of the Judicial Chamber on Criminal Cases of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation, Sklyarenko Marina V.
Published: June 2024

The author uses a specific ruling of the Judicial Chamber on Cases of the Military of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation that is of precedential value as an example to analyze mistakes made by military leaders and military courts in terms of interpretation of laws that regulate receipt of payments by participants of the special military operation in accordance with Decree of the President of the Russian Federation No. 98 of March 5, 2022, on Additional Social Guarantees to Military Servicemen, Persons Doing Service in the National Guard Troops of the Russian Federation and Members of Their Families.
Some Aspects of Bringing Drivers Serving in the National Guard Troops of Russia to the Criminal Liability Due to Fraud
Authors:   Assistant, Head of a Psychological Group, Psychologist of the Department for Military and Political Affairs of Military Unit 3033 of the Southern District, Cherepanov Roman V.
Published: June 2024

The article discusses issues regarding the unreasonable bringing of military personnel-drivers of the Russian National Guard to criminal liability in connection with receiving an allowance for their position when receiving a fine from military traffic police officers who did not report this to their immediate superior.
The Principle of Accession in the Underground Space Utilization Sphere: German Experience
Authors:   Postgraduate Student of the Department of Civil Law and Procedure of the Institute of Legislation and Comparative Law under the Government of the Russian Federation, Suklin Nikita T.
Published: June 2024

The article discusses the German model of the use of underground space. It was established that it is based on the principle of accession, according to which, as a general rule, the right of the owner of a land plot applies to underground space. At the same time, there are two types of restrictions from the general rule: civil law and public law. The author expresses the hope that some solutions of German civil law may be in demand when reforming domestic legislation on subsoil use.
Corporate Relations and Sports Organizations: Problem Setting
Authors:   Associate Professor of the Department of Political Science and Public Relations of the Ufa University of Science and Technology, PhD (Law), Asadullin Murad R.
Published: June 2024

The article is dedicated to the problem of the establishment of grounds to acknowledge some sports organizations as corporations and whether it is appropriate to make a link between sports rules and corporate life, corporate relations. To that effect, the author analyzes sports relations and singles out such legal relations as: organizational, servicing and primary that are related to direct participation in a sports event, where the essence of competitions is revealed. Attention is paid to the fact that Russian sports federations are legally defined as public organizations, and sports clubs may have various forms of incorporation and may be not corporations, however, the analysis shows that they are usually established in the form of public associations or economic entities. Attributes and types of corporations are reviewed. A conclusion is made that any expressions that contain reference to corporations should stipulate that a corporation is an organization, where membership of founders of a legal entity is maintained, and a general meeting of members is the supreme governing body.
On the Legal Characteristics of Membership in a Self-Regulated Organization
Authors:   Postgraduate Student of the Department of Entrepreneurial, Labor and Corporate Law of the Law Faculty of M.M. Speransky, Kotov Igor V.
Published: June 2024

The article draws attention to the fact that the legal status of a member of a self-regulating organization is built on the basis of membership in the association, but at the same time it is supplemented and/or modified in connection with the special functionality of the status of a self-regulating organization, which primarily affects the list of responsibilities of members of these organizations, which are an instrument for ensuring the status of the self-regulating organization itself. It is proved that a sufficiently broad and unlimited measure of dispositivity in determining the corporate rights and obligations of members of self-regulating organizations does not have the best effect on the issues of protecting the interests of the members themselves and their exercise of corporate rights. The author also tracks the trend of involving self-regulation mechanisms in blogging activities.
Issues of the Development of Russian Laws on De Facto Marital Relations
Authors:   Professor of the S.N. Lebedev Department of Private International and Civil Law of the Moscow State Institute of International Relations (University), Ruzakova Olga A. , Demkina Alesya V. ,   Leading Research Scientist of the Private Law Research Centre under the President of the Russian Federation Named after S.S. Alexeev
Published: June 2024

This article is devoted to the analysis of the draft Federal Law No. 539969-8 submitted to the State Duma on January 30, 2024 ‘On Amendments to the Federal Law ‘On the Enactment of Part One of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation’, which provides for equating, under certain conditions, actual marital relations with a registered marriage. The conditions, procedure and individual issues arising in this regard in the civil and family relations of ‘de facto spouses’ are considered in this article.
Assurance of National Security and Combating Anti-Russian Sanctions on the Securities Market
Authors:   Director of the Moscow Branch, Deputy Chief Executive Officer of Market Specialized Depository Limited Liability Company, Uvakina Tatyana V.
Published: June 2024

To the current moment there are record number of sanctions entered into force against the Russia federation. The European Union, for example, entered already 12 sanction packages. Despite this, Russia, as it provided by the Strategy of Russian national security, demonstrates its economic sustainability and resistance to external sanction pressure. With sanction introduction Russian national financial system as well as national capital market were cut off from international financial and capital market. This circumstance required immediate entering into force of special economic measures of temporary nature, that were sent to protection of Russian capital market as well as securities issued by Russian issuers. Exactly these special economic measures, entered into force by President’s decrees as well as the results of such measures are the subject of the study at the present article.
Advantages and Disadvantages of Succession of the Soviet Past in the Sphere of Educational Background of Executive Staff in Physical Education and Sports
Authors:   Associate Professor of the Department of General Humanitarian Sciences and Mass Communications of the Moscow International University, PhD (Pedagogy), Filonenko Natalya V. , Ushakova Natalya A. ,   Associate Professor of the Department of Management and Economics of the Sports Industry Named after V.V. Kuzin of the Russian University
Published: June 2024

The article examines aspects of the continuity of the Soviet past in the field of retraining and advanced training of management personnel in physical culture and sports, identifying the historical background and features of educational training necessary for management during the existence of the USSR. The circumstances are substantiated in which for modern Russia there is no need for continuity from the Soviet past in the retraining of sports leaders with non-core higher education. In this connection, according to the authors, the criteria for selecting management personnel to work in management positions should be carried out in two versions. In the first, the main selection criterion should be the presence of a diploma indicating receipt of a higher pedagogical physical education education, plus a certificate of advanced training in the “sports management” program. In the second, there must be a higher education diploma in a bachelor’s (master’s) degree in “management”, a focus (profile) in “sports management”, plus a certificate of advanced training in the program “fundamentals of theory, methods of physical culture and sports.” In addition, managers periodically need to improve their qualifications under the educational program “training personnel management.” Teachers of management disciplines should raise the level of professional skills not only through theory, but also through internships in sports organizations, as was the case in the 70s of the last century. This will entail a collaboration between sports and education, will affect the productive development of the competencies of managers in the field of coaching personnel management and, as a result, will prevent the outflow of young specialists from the industry.
Relevant Issues of Sports Law. Problems of Improvement of Anti-Doping Laws: Solutions
Authors:   Head of the Department of Sports Law, Chief Research Scientist of the Institute of Legislation and Comparative Law under the Government of the Russian Federation, Alekseev Sergey V.
Published: June 2024

The article is devoted to the development of recommendations for improving Russian anti-doping legislation at the present stage. The requirements of the World Anti-Doping Agency to bring the anti-doping legislation of the Russian Federation into compliance with the World Anti-Doping Code are taken into account.
Politicization of Sports in the Contemporary World: A Legal View on the Problem
Authors:   Head of the Department of International, Maritime and Customs Law, Director of the Scientific and Expert Center of the Law Institute of the Sevastopol State University, Godovanik Evgeny V.
Published: June 2024

The article is devoted to the definition of theoretical and methodological approaches to the proper legal assessment of the processes of politicization of elite sports in the modern world. The generally accepted principles of relations between the state and sports federations, key Olympic principles, conceptual provisions on sport as a specific socio-cultural activity are considered. An analysis has been made of the systemic discrimination occurring in recent years in Russian sports, the main reason being the unprecedented political pressure of the political leadership of some countries of the “collective West” on the International Olympic Committee, the Court of Arbitration for Sport, the World Anti-Doping Agency, and international universal and regional sports federations. The author’s theoretical, methodological, scientific and practical proposals are formulated to overcome the politicization of world sports, and a model for the full implementation of Olympic principles in the decisions and actions of the International Olympic Committee and international sports federations in individual sports is proposed. The scale of the negative impact of the politicization of sports to ensure the rights of athletes, the efficiency and quality of sports competitions, and ensuring a non-discriminatory approach in world professional sports is shown.
The Correlation Between the Concepts of Cyber Sports, Computer Sports, Electronic Sports, Distance Sports, Online Sports, Digital Sports
Authors:   Assistant to Deputy of the State Duma of the Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation, Gilyazetdinova Gulnara R.
Published: June 2024

This article attempts to identify the correlation between the concepts of cybersports, computer sports, e-sports, distance sports, online sports, digital sports on the basis of the current legislation regulating computer sports in the Russian Federation and scientific literature on the topic of research. Based on the analyzed information, the author has made the following conclusions: it is acceptable to apply to the term “computer sports” such synonyms as “cybersport”, “e-sports” and “digital sports”; the term “online sport” is incorrect to use as a synonym to the concept “computer sports”, because online sport or online competition is not a synonym for the term “computer sports”, but directly one of the ways of its implementation; regarding the use as a synonym to the concept “computer sports” the term “distance sports” is made.
Parallel Import: International Experience
Authors:   Postgraduate Student of the Law Institute of the Vladimir State University (VlSU), Surina Elena E. , Streltsov Roman S. ,   Associate Professor of the Department of Financial Law and Customs of the Law Institute of the Vladimir State University (VlSU)
Published: June 2024

The article discusses the theoretical aspects of the concept of ‘parallel import’ and its legal regulation in other countries. The impact of international economic sanctions in 2022 on the dynamics of the withdrawal of foreign companies from the Russian market is analyzed. The advantages and disadvantages of using parallel imports in the framework of countering economic sanctions are determined.
Payment of Administrative Fines by Third Parties as an Element of Replenishment of the Federal Budget of the State and Protection of Economic Interests of the Country
Authors:   Chief State Customs Inspector of the Division of Disposal of Property and Performance of Instructions of Authorized Agencies, Drizhiruk Tatyana Yu.
Published: June 2024

The article considers the topical issue of law enforcement units of the customs authorities of the Russian Federation in the form of the possibility of paying fines by third parties. It is shown how the resolution of this circumstance will have positive aspects for the effectiveness of law enforcement activities of customs authorities and the Russian economy.
Problems of the Law Enforcement Practice in Bringing a Carrier to the Administrative Liability
Authors:   Associate Professor of the Department of Customs Law of the Russian Customs Academy, PhD (Law), Kleymenova Anastasia N.
Published: June 2024

The article is devoted to the study of the problems of law enforcement when bringing the carrier to administrative responsibility under part 3 of article 16.1 of the Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation. A comparative analysis of judicial practice is presented, which revealed the lack of uniformity of judicial decisions. Conclusions are formulated on the directions for the further development of customs law, excluding excessive burden on persons moving goods across the customs border of the Eurasian Economic Union, in the absence of their fault due to a slight discrepancy in the gross weight of goods. Emphasis is placed on the need to maintain a balance of public and private interests, which should be based on the conscientiousness of the subjects of activity in the field of customs and the readiness of customs authorities for effective cooperation.
Qualification of Falsification of Drug Trafficking by Field Unit Employees
Authors:   Head of the Department of Criminal Law of the Omsk Academy of the Ministry of the Interior of the Russian Federation, LL.D., Professor, Borkov Viktor N.
Published: June 2024

Purpose of the work: to overcome contradictions in approaches to the qualification of falsification by employees of operational units of the results of operational investigative activities (hereinafter referred to as ORA), associated with abuse of authority, illegal drug trafficking and bribery. Objective: formulating rules for qualifying crimes committed by operational officers in connection with the exercise of their powers: determining the relationship between falsifying the results of operational investigations and the “planting” of narcotic drugs; justification for the criminal legal assessment of such a “plant” by the operative; study of the significance of the violation of the rights of victims from falsification of the results of operational investigations and imitation of their commission of a crime; substantiation of the presence of signs of extortion of a bribe in the presentation by the operatives to the victims of the demand for the transfer of a monetary reward for not bringing to criminal responsibility. Methodological basis of the research: normative approach, formal legal, study of decisions of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation, courts of general jurisdiction, study of doctrinal provisions of criminal law. Conclusions: it is shown that the “planting” of drugs by operatives to stage their sale, storage or acquisition by other persons cannot be recognized as the sale of narcotic drugs, since the subjects committing such actions do not have the intent to transfer them to the purchaser, i.e. for distribution. It is argued that the demand by employees of operational units of funds from citizens allegedly “exposed” of committing a crime using imitation or provocation, for not bringing them to criminal responsibility, is extortion of a bribe, and not fraud. The scientific significance of the study lies in the theoretical substantiation of the rules for qualifying falsification of the results of operational investigations by employees of operational units, associated with abuse of authority, illegal drug trafficking and bribery. The practical significance lies in the formulated rules for qualifying crimes committed by operational officers in connection with the suppression of illegal drug trafficking, but carried out through falsification, provocation and creating the appearance of committing attacks.
The Organizational Structure of Criminal Activities Aimed at Non-Contact Sale of Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances
Authors:   Professor of the Academic Cluster of the Institute of Management and Territorial Development of the Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, LL.D, Kulikov Aleksandr V. , Sheleg Olga A. ,   Associate Professor of the Department of Criminalistics of the Kaliningrad Branch of the Saint Petersburg University of the Ministry of the Interior of the Russian Federation, PhD (Law), Associate Professor
Published: June 2024

The article is devoted to the study of the organizational structure of criminal activity in the sale of narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances in a noncontact manner. It is indicated that the introduction of information and telecommunication technologies into the drug trade gives criminals a number of advantages over those who oppose them. This ensures a high degree of anonymity for both drug purchasers and those involved in their sale through the introduction of various programs, instant messengers, etc. It is stated that against the backdrop of the continuing growth of crimes related to the sale of prohibited substances using information technology, law enforcement agencies are unable to radically influence the current criminal situation in this area, since they work using old familiar methods. The author's view of this problem is substantiated taking into account the drug situation in the country. Purpose: to study the problem of the organizational structure of criminal activity for the sale of narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances in a noncontact manner in order to counter the illicit trafficking of narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances. Research methods: the basis was a dialectical method of understanding the organizational structure of criminal activity in the sale of narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances in a non-contact manner from the standpoint of scientific research and the practice of law enforcement agencies. The authors identified signs characteristic of organized criminal groups involved in the contactless sale of drugs. The need for an integrated approach to solving the problem is outlined. Conclusions: the feasibility of studying the organizational structure of criminal activity in the contactless sale of drugs is proved, as well as the need for adequate counteraction from law enforcement agencies, the need to develop a methodology for identifying and investigating the illegal sale of narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances. The scientific and practical significance of the study lies in the substantiation of the study of the organizational structure of criminal activity in the contactless sale of drugs, as well as the adoption of comprehensive measures to combat the illicit trafficking of narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances.
Tactical Aspects of Using Odor-Based Biodetection to Raise the Informational Value of the Drug Trafficking Investigation Process
Authors:   Professor of the Department of Administration of Crime Investigation Agencies of the Management Academy of the Ministry of the Interior of the Russian Federation, Vladimirov Vladimir Yu. , Manakova Elizaveta A. ,   Junior Scientific Assistant of the Management Academy of the Ministry of the Interior of the Russian Federation
Published: June 2024

Purpose: based on the analysis of the current state of the use of such bio-detectors as search dogs in the police department, to establish the need to develop tactical solutions aimed at fixing the facts of the signaling behavior of search dogs during investigative actions (searches) on crimes in the field of drug trafficking to increase the information content of the investigation process. Methodology: the methodological basis of the work is presented by such methods as description, analysis, historical method, comparative legal analysis. Conclusion: fixing the fact of detecting odorous traces of narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances that remain in places where narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances were stored by criminals earlier, but were moved, for subsequent use in the investigation when establishing "virtual" episodes of criminal activity. Scientific and practical significance: improvement of tactical techniques, procedural consolidation of "virtual" episodes, providing for the fixation and detailed description in the protocol of the investigative action of information about places where narcotic drugs could previously be in order to increase the information content of the investigation process of crimes in the field of drug trafficking. The fixation of these circumstances in conjunction with other sources of information will allow to objectify information about the duration and scope of criminal activity of the organized criminal group (C).
Special Aspects of the Legal Regulation of Liability in the Implementation of Legal Requirements in the Precursor Trafficking Sphere
Authors:   Associate Professor of the Department of Civil Law and Procedure of the Tula Institute (Branch) of the All-Russian State University of Justice (RLA of the Ministry of Justice of Russia), PhD (Pedagogy), Kalinina Olga E.
Published: June 2024

The purpose of the study is to analyze the specifics of the rules for the production, storage, acquisition, use, transportation and destruction of precursors of narcotic and psychotropic substances, as well as reporting to authorized bodies. Methodology: general scientific and private scientific methods (comparative legal, formal legal, statistical) of scientific cognition of social processes and phenomena. Conclusions: taking into account many innovations of the authorized bodies affects the prevention of drug addiction and makes it possible to identify illegal transactions with these chemicals, as well as determine ways to successfully implement the powers of control and supervision in the field of precursor trafficking. In particular, attention is drawn to the need to study possible ways to improve the legislation of the Russian Federation in connection with the expansion of activities in the field of precursor trafficking. Scientific and practical significance: the study revealed the conditions for conducting forensic examinations during the preliminary investigation, the effectiveness of control and supervisory measures in the field of precursor trafficking, as well as bringing legal entities and individual entrepreneurs to administrative responsibility.
ON SOME ISSUES OF THE ESTABLISHMENT OF AN INHERITANCE FUND AND PROPERTY RIGHTS OF THE SURVIVING SPOUSE AND OTHER MEMBERS OF THE TESTATOR’S FAMILY
Authors:   Postgraduate Student of the Department of Civil Law of the Kutafi n Moscow State Law University, Synkova Ekaterina N.
Published: June 2024

The author of the article raises topical issues of the relationship between the provisions of the civil legislation of the Russian Federation on the inheritance fund and family legislation on the property of spouses, including the property rights of the surviving spouse.
INFORMATION SYSTEMS: PROBLEMS OF THE DEFINITION AND INTERPRETATION IN VIEW OF THE NOTARIAL PRACTICE
Authors:   Associate Professor of the Department of Civil Law, Associate Professor of the Department of Notaries of the Kutafi n Moscow State Law University (MSAL), Poduzova Ekaterina B.
Published: June 2024

Based on civil law methodology, an analysis of the concept, legal nature, as well as the legal regime of information systems with the help of which big data is visualized in the digital environment has been carried out. The legal characteristics of the information system are given. The components and legal regime of big data are defi ned. In this regard, objects of civil rights that are part of the inheritance have been established. The subject of the research is: legal doctrine; norms of Russian legislation; norms of by-laws and regulatory legal acts. The purpose of the study is to provide a doctrinal substantiation of the legal nature and legal regime of information systems through which big data is visualized in the digital environment, as well as to develop proposals for solving certain notarial practical problems, including problems of identifying objects included in the inheritance. Taking into account the above subject and purpose of the study, the article used comparative legal, systemic and structural methods of scientific knowledge, as well as the modeling method. The use of the above set of methods made it possible to consider the issues of legal qualification and legal regime of information systems in the light of ambiguous doctrinal and practical approaches to their solution, as well as to develop proposals for improving the mechanism for performing notarial actions (certifying transactions, issuing a certificate of ownership of the common property of spouses, ensuring evidence, issuing a certificate of inheritance, taking measures to protect inherited property).
SPECIAL ASPECTS OF INHERITANCE BY THE SURVIVING SPOUSE IN STATES OF DIFFERENT LEGAL SYSTEMS
Authors:   Professor of the Department of International Law and International Cooperation in the Intellectual Property Sphere of the Russian State Academy, Mikhaylova Irina A.
Published: June 2024

The article analyzes and compares legislative approaches to determining the order and conditions of inheritance of a surviving spouse in various legal systems of our time. Much attention, in particular, is paid to the analysis of the relevant sections of the legislation of England, the United States of America, individual Islamic states, as well as states formed in the post-Soviet space. Based on the conducted research, it is shown that the variety of legal approaches discussed in the article refl ects the features of the historical development of the relevant civil law institutions of national legislation.
SPECIAL ASPECTS OF REVIEW OF DISPUTES IN CASES ON RESTORATION OF THE INHERITANCE ACCEPTANCE TERM (BASED ON MATERIALS OF THE JUDICIAL PRACTICE OF DISTRICT COURTS OF MOSCOW FOR 2023)
Authors:   Legal Counsel at Alcor and Co, LLC, Ganin Georgy I.
Published: June 2024

In this article to review the recent judicial practice on example of a specifi c region of the Russian Federation (the city of Moscow) in cases about the restoration of the time-limit for acceptance of the inheritance. The most common circumstances, which the plaintiffs indicate as the reason for missing the time-limit, are identifi ed, and their assessment by the courts of fi rst instance, when they make decisions, is considered, that allows to determine the folding general trends and contradictions in civil proceedings in this category of cases.
THE RIGHT TO THE STATUTORY SHARE IN AN ESTATE AND PROBLEMS OF ITS EXERCISING IN CONTEMPORARY RUSSIA
Authors:   Leading Analyst of the Laboratory of Social and Legal Research of the Law Institute of the Tomsk State University, Rabets Anna M.
Published: June 2024

The article examines the problems of legislative consolidation and practical implementation of the right of minors and disabled persons to a mandatory share in inheritance by will and inheritance agreement based on the constitutional provision on the Russian Federation as a social state. Attention is drawn to the relationship between the right to a compulsory share and the validity of an inheritance contract as an independent basis for inheritance. The necessity of improving inheritance legislation is substantiated, fi rst of all, its focus on protecting the rights of socially vulnerable persons in modern Russia.
THE PROBLEM OF DISPOSAL OF PROPERTY BY SPOUSES IN CASE OF DEATH BY PERFORMANCE OF TRANSACTIONS
Authors:   Postgraduate Student of the Department of Civil Law of the Kutafi n Moscow State Law University, Shestakova Ekaterina S.
Published: June 2024

This article attempts to study the transactional grounds for disposing of property by spouses in the event of death in the domestic legal order. The task is to analyze novels in the fi eld of inheritance law, considering the special subject structure on the side of the testator. The study focuses on the relationship between new institutions and existing testamentary dispositions, their private law regulation, legal gaps, as well as recommended ways to fi ll them.
Salisilik Asit ve Bor Kombinasyonunun Çilek Yaprağı ve Meyvesinin Besin Elementleri Üzerindeki Etkisi
Authors: Tosun Ece , Tepecik Mahmut
Published: June 2024

Çilek dünyada tüketimi en fazla olan meyvelerden birisi olup, Dünya çilek üretiminde Türkiye beşinci sırada yer almaktadır. Bu çalışmada 2021-2022 yıllarında topraksız ortamda hindistan cevizi torfu (cocopeat) kullanılarak tesadüf blokları deneme desenine göre 3 tekerrürlü olarak farklı dozda 1-kontrol (SA0+B0), 2-SA1+B1, 3-SA2+B2 ve 4-SA3+B3 şeklinde salisilik asit+bor kombinasyonu uygulanarak çilek (Fragaria x ananassa cv. Albion) bitkisinin yaprak ve meyve bitki besin elementleri düzeyi, kalite parametreleri ile kullanılan ortamın tekrar kullanma düzeyini test etmek için yapılmıştır. Yaprakta makro elementler (%) 2,13-2,88 N, 0,29-0,61 P, 2,36-3,41 K, 0,92-1,44 Ca ve 0,40-0,58 Mg ve mikro elementler (mg/kg) 22,64-176,70 B, 215,54-236,79 Fe, 35,62-49,24 Zn, 122,89-146,80 Mn, 3,43-4,13 Cu ve 56,86-97,45 Cl aralığında belirlenmiştir. Meyve örneklerinde makro elementler (%) 1,23-1,77 N, 0,21-0,32 P, 2,14-2,88 K, 0,30-0,51 Ca, 0,16-0,23 Mg ve mikro elementler (mg/kg) 23,90-51,04 B, 79,22-90,73 Fe, 16,72-22,40 Zn, 38,74-49,83 Mn ve 1,39-1,49 Cu aralığında saptanmıştır. Yaprak örneklerinde membran geçirgenliği (MG) değeri en küçük değeri %15,54 ile SA3+B3 uygulamasında ve en yüksek değer ise %20,06 ile SA0+B0 uygulamasından aldığı izlenmektedir. Yaprağın SPAD değeri SA2+B2 uygulamasında 48,58 ile maksimum, SA0+B0 uygulamasında 42,83 ile minimum değeri almıştır. Yaprak örneklerinde ve meyve örneklerinde besin elementleri açısından SA2+B2 uygulaması ön plana çıktığı görülmüştür.
O nekaterih značilnostih feminativov v Pleteršnikovem slovarju
Authors: Stramljič Breznik Irena
Published: June 2024

Pleteršnik kot slovaropisec si je prizadeval, da bi v slovarju zajel čim bolj popoln besedni zaklad slovenskega jezika z nabranim gradivom iz knjig od najstarejšega do najnovejšega časa in tudi iz vseh narečij. Upošteval je namreč načelo, da se v slovar sprejme, kar se v literaturi nahaja in kar narod govori. Kot samostojne iztoč‑ nice so bili dosledno vključeni tudi feminativi, čeprav je takratna družba ženskam v javnem življenju odmerjala obrobno vlogo. S tem je ohranil dragocene podatke takratnih možnostih jezikovne izbire, ki so se kazale v obrazilni in podstavni variantnosti feminativov.
Vpliv Bohoričeve slovnice na Hipolitov trijezični slovar
Authors: Jelovšek Alenka
Published: June 2024

V prispevku je predstavljen vpliv slovarčkov v Bohoričevi slovnici Arcticae ho-rulae (1584) na Hipolitovo predelavo prvega (latinsko‑nemško‑slovenskega) dela rokopisnega trojezičnega slovarja Dictionarium trilingue. Na podlagi primerjave samostalnikov, ki imajo pri Bohoriču latinsko ustreznico na črke A–Ex, je prikazano Hipolitovo (ne)upoštevanje Bohoričeve predloge na različnih jezikovnih ravninah (pisni, glasoslovni, oblikoslovni, besedotvorni, leksikalni).
Radbruch czy Kelsen? Rozwiązanie dylematu ukarania zbrodniarzy nazistowskich w Norymberdze z perspektywy filozoficznoprawnej i historycznej
Authors: Dąbrowska Agata
Published: June 2024

Problematyka osądu zbrodniarzy wojennych znajduje się w obszarze zainteresowań prawników, ale także historyków. Zaproponowane interdyscyplinarne badania mają na celu porównanie tych perspektyw pod dwoma względami. Pierwszy aspekt dotyczy dylematów związanych z procesami norymberskimi i podstawami skazywania zbrodniarzy wojennych w ujęciu filozoficznoprawnym i historycznym. Drugi aspekt – stricte filozoficznoprawny – obejmuje analizę przyjęcia formuły Gustava Radbrucha przez doktrynę oraz zestawienie jej z mniej spopularyzowaną koncepcją Hansa Kelsena dotyczącą wykładni zasady lex retro non agit. Takie ujęcie problemu otwiera nowe pole do dyskursu między prawnikami, filozofami a historykami.
Pogawędki
Authors: Dekiert Dariusz , Gadowska Irmina , Radziszewska Krystyna
Published: June 2024

Oddajemy do rąk czytelników kolejną publikację poświęconą artystom z kręgu łódzkiej awangardy jidysz. Tym razem są to Pogawędki. Jedna z historii, przekład poetyckiego tekstu Mojżesza Brodersona Siches chulin. Ajne fun di geszichten, opublikowanego w Moskwie w 1917 roku, nakładem Wydawnictwa Chawar. Ta adaptacja ludowej baśni Maase szel Jeruszalmi [Opowieść o jerozolimczyku], ukazała się z ilustracjami Eliezera (El) Lissitzky’ego, którego Broderson poznał podczas swojego pobytu w Moskwie w latach 1914–1918. Obu twórców oprócz przyjaźni połączyła fascynacja żydowską tradycją i folklorem oraz świadomość znaczenia języka jidysz dla kształtowania narodowej tożsamości w diasporze. Projekt pierwszego, limitowanego wydania Siches chulin nietypową formą – zamkniętego w drewnianym pudełku zwoju z tekstem i ręcznie kolorowanymi litografiami – w czytelny sposób nawiązywał do dawnych, iluminowanych zwojów Księgi Estery, a same ilustracje korespondowały stylistycznie z dziełami ludowej plastyki żydowskiej.
Reflections on China's General High School Graduation System with a Credit System
Authors:   Korean Comparative Education Society, Zhou Yuetong , Xie Ling , Ｗeng Sinuo , Park Changun
Published: June 2024

[Purpose] The purpose of this study is to examine the credit system and the corresponding graduation requirements of general high schools in China, and to present the associated issues and challenges.
[Methods] The previous research related to the high school credit system and graduation requirements was analyzed, focusing on the literature.
[Results] The analytical framework for this study is divided into graduation requirements, duration of study, grade promotion, and other related aspects. The findings based on this framework are as follows. First, to graduate, students must complete a minimum of 144 credits, which are categorized into mandatory courses, selective mandatory courses, and elective courses. The graduation exam can be taken from the second year of high school onwards, after meeting the minimum credit requirements set by the Ministry of Education's curriculum. The exam subjects vary monthly, and the results are classified into five grades. Courses are offered according to the national curriculum and the school's own curriculum.Second, high school education in China lasts for three years, and early graduation is generally not allowed.Third, the credit system is implemented alongside the grade-level system, so grade promotion is based on the grade-level system. Fourth, the comprehensive competency evaluation is conducted to observe, record, and analyze students' overall growth for character education purposes. For college entrance, there are two options: the 3+3 model and the 3+2+1 model.
[Conclusion] FFirst, the graduation requirements include meeting the course completion standards and passing the graduation exam. Second, since the credit system aims to provide education tailored to individual aptitudes and talents, cases such as early graduation should be approached with caution. Third, as the credit system is currently implemented alongside the grade-level system, efforts are needed to fully realize the comprehensive implementation of the credit system. Fourth, it is necessary to enhance the comprehensive evaluation for the overall development of students, and continuously improve the college entrance evaluation system towards self-assessment and self-formation
Exploring the Association between Periodontitis and Erectile Dysfunction: A Systematic Review
Authors: Ridho Fiki Muhammad , Agustina Arista Widya , Hidayati Novi Nurul , Pratama M. Ilham , Laksono Eko Puji
Published: June 2024

Background: Periodontitis (PD) remains a global public health problem. Evidence revealed that PD contributes to the development of systemic diseases, including effects on men's sexual health such as erectile dysfunction (ED). Objective: To review and explore the association between PD and ED. Methods: Following PRISMA guidelines, a systematic review of studies published in Scopus, PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar was conducted. A comprehensive literature search until February 2024 by combining several keywords and applying eligibility criteria was performed. JBI critical appraisal checklist was employed for quality assessment. Results: A total of 15 studies involving 216,753 subjects were included. Of the 15 studies, 13 of them demonstrated a significant association between PD and ED, the other two did not. Only one study included examination of hormonal and biochemical levels. Also, one study revealed that periodontal treatment was significantly associated with improving ED. Summary: According to the findings, a significant association between PD and ED is evident. It is believed that the inflammatory processes associated with PD contributes to the emergence of ED, yet the exact underlying mechanism remains unclear. The scarcity of research and the complexity of the association between PD and ED suggest that future rigorous studies should be conducted. Additionally, dentists and general practitioners must be aware of the interconnection between these diseases, enabling them to provide comprehensive education to patients, particularly concerning the prevention and management of periodontal disease.
Kedudukan Upaya Administratif dalam Dismissal Process dan Konstruksi Ideal Pemeriksaan Syarat Formal Gugatan
Authors: Baried Rizky Ramadhan , Ridwan
Published: June 2024

This article analyzes administrative effort in the relation of Article 62 Law 5/1986 with Article 75 Law 30/2014 and Article 2 Supreme Court Regulation 6/ 2018. The purposes are: 1) To analyze the position and urgency taken by administrative effort in the dismissal process examination by the chairman; and 2) To formulate the ideal formula for examining the formal requirements of the administrative lawsuit before being examined by the panel of judges. This article aims to provide a practical explanation of these norms. It is a normative juridical type with a statute, a conceptual, and a caseapproach. The results are: 1) Administrative effort is a formal requirement in filing a lawsuit related to competence, so the chairman can determine that the lawsuit is not accepted; 2) The dismissal process and the preparatory examination by analogy has similarities, therefore these examinations can be combined with the condition that in filing a lawsuit, the plaintiff is required to attach evidence of having taken administrative effort. It recommends that executive/legislature make regulations related to the procedural law for examining administrative effort, and for the supreme court to review the norms and practices of the dismissal process and the preparatory examination in relation to formal requirements for filing a lawsuit.
Upaya Hukum Tata Usaha Negara Terhadap Polemik Penganugerahan Gelar Kehormatan Akademis
Authors: Efendi Virga Dwi , Yossyafaat Herkin
Published: June 2024

The awarding of honorary academic degrees in the form of a chancellor’s decision always gives rise to positive and negative assessments from academics and the public. The aim of this research is to analyze the chancellor’s decision regarding the awarding of honorary academic degrees regarding the qualifications for the State Administrative Decree (KTUN) which is the absolute competence of the State Administrative Court (PTUN) as well as legal remedies for the polemic that arises as a result of the issuance of this decision. Next we will explain the efforts law regarding disputes that arise as a result of the rector’s decision. This research uses a type of juridical-normative legal research with a historical, conceptual and normative approach. The results of this research show that the rector’s decision regarding the awarding of academic honorary degrees, both honoris causa doctoral degrees and professorial degrees. Honor is a State Administrative Decision (KTUN) and is included in the absolute authority of the PTUN so that if a dispute arises, the resolution can be reached through the PTUN. The conditions for granting honorary academic degrees are the result of accumulated historical thought and experience in the legal dynamics that govern it. The legal remedies for the emergence of TUN disputes related to the chancellor’s decision regarding academic honorary degrees are the same as resolving KTUN disputes in general, namely through administrative efforts or litigation efforts through the PTUN.
SOSYAL MEDYA VE YABANCILAŞMA HALLERİNE ERİC PİCKERSGİLL VE MARTİN PARR FOTOĞRAFLARIYLA BAKMAK
Authors: Berk Ersin
Published: June 2024

İnsanların gündelik hayatındaki hâkimiyetini her geçen gün daha da artıran akıllı cihazlar,
sosyal medya platformlarının da çoğalmasıyla birlikte yaşamın bir parçası haline gelmektedir.
Toplu taşıma araçlarında, duraklarda ve akraba ziyaretleri gibi ortamlarda, içinde bulunduğu
zamandan ve mekândan soyutlanarak sadece önündeki ekrana odaklanan insan
görüntülerinin sıradanlaşması bu durumu özetlemektedir. Eric Pickersgill, Removed adlı
fotoğraf projesinde bu halleri çarpıcı biçimde yansıtmaktadır. Pickersgill’in akıllı cihazları
kadrajından silikleştirerek ürettiği görüntüler, akıllı cihazlar icat edilmeden önce benzer
hallerin yaşanıp yaşanmadığına dair bir merak uyandırmaktadır. Çalışmanın temel hedefi,
sosyal medya çağında sıklıkla karşılaşılan soyutlanmışlık hallerini Eric Pickersgill’in
fotoğrafları aracılığıyla yabancılaşma bağlamında ele almak ve bu projeyi Martin Parr’ın
Bored Couples adlı fotoğraf projesiyle karşılaştırarak yabancılaşma hallerinin akıllı cihazların
icadından önce de yaşanıp yaşanmadığını sorgulamaktır. Amaçlı örneklemle seçilen
fotoğraf projeleri doküman analizi yöntemiyle incelenmiş ve Marx’ın yabancılaşmayı ele
aldığı toplumsal yaklaşımı bağlamında karşılaştırılmıştır. Fotoğraflar arasında göze çarpan
bazı önemli benzerlikler sonucunda, sosyal medya çağı öncesi ve süresince ortaya çıkan
soyutlanma hallerinin, bireyin kendisine ve çevresine yabancılaşmasıyla ilişkilendirilebileceğine
dair önemli ipuçlarına ulaşılmıştır.
Kolaborasi Komisi Yudisial dan Mahkamah Agung: Upaya Memperkuat Keadilan di Indonesia
Authors: Cahyani Enny Dwi , Abyan Abigael Dzaky , Wulandari Novianza Suci
Published: June 2024

Amendemen ketiga UUD 1945 menandai titik balik dalam struktur ketatanegaraan Indonesia, khususnya dalam memperkuat kekuasaan kehakiman melalui pembentukan Komisi Yudisial. Inisiatif ini diharapkan dapat mengatasi berbagai permasalahan yang menghambat efektivitas peradilan di Indonesia. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji sinergitas antara Komisi Yudisial dan aparat penegak hukum dalam menciptakan sistem peradilan yang lebih adil dan independen. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kerja sama antara Komisi Yudisial dan Mahkamah Agung telah berkontribusi signifikan terhadap peningkatan independensi kehakiman, dengan adanya mekanisme pengawasan yang lebih ketat terhadap perilaku hakim yang memungkinkan deteksi dan penanganan dini terhadap pelanggaran etik dan hukum. Sinergitas yang tercipta tidak hanya meningkatkan efektivitas peradilan tetapi juga memperkuat fondasi keadilan di Indonesia. Kesimpulan dari studi ini adalah bahwa Komisi Yudisial memiliki peran penting dalam mewujudkan keadilan yang adil dan independen melalui penguatan mekanisme pengawasan dan koordinasi dengan Mahkamah Agung, yang esensial dalam membangun kepercayaan publik terhadap sistem peradilan. Kata Kunci: Komisi Yudisial, Aparat Penegak Hukum, Independensi Kehakiman.
Sub-Sharvin Conductance and Incoherent Shot-Noise in Graphene Disks at Magnetic Field
Authors: Rycerz Adam , Rycerz Katarzyna , Witkowski Piotr
Published: June 2024

Highly-doped graphene samples show the conductance reduced and the shot-noise
power enhanced compared to standard ballistic systems in two-dimensional
electron gas. These features can be understood within a model assuming
incoherent scattering of Dirac electrons between two interfaces separating the
sample and the leads. Here we find, by adopting the above-mentioned model for
the edge-free (Corbino) geometry and by means of the computer simulation of
quantum transport, that another graphene-specific feature should be observable
when the current flow through a doped disk is blocked by high magnetic field.
In case the conductance drops to zero, the Fano factor approaches the value of
$F\approx{}0.56$, with a very weak dependence on the disk radii ratio. The role
of finite source-drain voltages and the system behavior upon tuning the
electrostatic potential barrier from a rectangular to parabolic shape are also
discussed.
An $E_8 \otimes E_8$ Unification of the Standard Model with Pre-Gravitation, on an Exceptional Lie algebra - Valued Space
Authors: KAUSHIK PRIYANK , VAIBHAV VATSALYA , SINGH TEJINDER PAL
Published: June 2024

We propose an $E_8 \otimes E_8$ unification of the standard model with pre-gravitation, on an exceptional Lie algebra-valued space . Each of the $E_8$ has in its branching an $SU(3)$ for space-time and an $SU(3)$ for three fermion generations. The first $E_8$ further branches to the standard model $SU(3)_c \otimes SU(2)_L \otimes U(1)_Y$ and describes the gauge bosons, Higgs and the left chiral fermions of the standard model. The second $E_8$ further branches into a right-handed counterpart (pre-gravitation) $SU(3)_{grav}\otimes SU(2)_R \otimes U(1)_g$ of the standard model, and describes right chiral fermions, a Higgs, and twelve gauge bosons associated with pre-gravitation, from which general relativity is emergent. We account for 208 out of the 496 degrees of freedom of $E_8 \otimes E_8$ and propose an interpretation for the remaining 288, motivated by the trace dynamics Lagrangian of our theory. We explain how the two copies of $SU(3)_{spacetime}$ together give rise to a 6D spacetime with signature $(3,3)$ which upon symmetry breaking gives rise to our 4D spacetime and to a second 4D anti-spacetime with flipped signature.