bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The reinstrumentalization of theDiagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders(DSM) in psychological publications: A citation context analysis
Authors: Li Kai
Published: February 2021

Research instruments play significant roles in the construction of scientific knowledge, even though we have only acquired very limited knowledge about their life cycles from quantitative studies. This paper aims to address this gap by quantitatively examining the citation contexts of an exemplary research instrument, the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM), in full-text psychological publications. We investigated the relationship between the citation contexts of the DSM and its status as a valid instrument being used and described by psychological researchers. We specifically focused on how this relationship has changed over the DSM’s citation histories, especially through the temporal framework of its versions. We found that a new version of the DSM is increasingly regarded as a valid instrument after its publication; this is reflected in various key citation contexts, such as the use of hedges, attention markers, and the verb profile in sentences where the DSM is cited. We call this process the reinstrumentalization of the DSM in the space of scientific publications. Our findings bridge an important gap between quantitative and qualitative science studies and shed light on an aspect of the social process of scientific instrument development that is not addressed by the current qualitative literature.
The role of touch in captive and semi-captive Antillean manatees (Trichechus manatus manatus)
Authors: Lucchini Karen , Umeed Rebecca , Guimarães Luana , Santos Paulo , Sommer Iara , Bezerra Bruna
Published: February 2021

Tactile signals have been neglected in aquatic animal studies despite being a major communication modality. We investigated Antillean manatees’ tactile behavioural repertoire and budget in captivity (7-females and 4-males) and semi-captivity (4-males) in Brazil. We detected 17 tactile behaviours (14.03% of the activity budget) with social, self-maintenance, or environmental exploration functions. The observation method influenced the detection of self-maintenance behaviours — focal animal and ad libitum detected more of these behaviours than scan sampling. Age, sex, housing, and centre routines influenced the tactile repertoire. The captive females and semi-captive males tactile patterns differed, suggesting that sex and animal-pool density play a role in tactile patterns. We recommend carefully choosing the observation method when investigating functional categories of manatee tactile behaviours. The monitoring and stimulation of manatee tactile behaviours should integrate rehabilitation and reintroduction practices. Environmental enrichment may stimulate tactile behaviours related to habitat exploration, key behaviours in aiding manatee navigation.
South-South Exchanges
Authors: Lima Thayse Leal
Published: February 2021

This article addresses circulation and exchange in the Global South by examining the case of Biblioteca Ayacucho (1973), a transnational collection of over 500 books from several Latin American countries. Conceived as an “instrument for Latin American integration,” Ayachucho sought to connect the region by assembling and disseminating its diverse cultural and intellectual traditions. I discuss Ayacucho’s strategies of transnationalization which, in addition to book publishing, also relied on networks of intellectual collaboration and exchange. Focusing on its Brazilian titles, I argue that Ayacucho articulates a model of world literature that employs a contextually grounded yet transnationally based framework. By engaging Latin American specialists and relying on local scholarship, Ayacucho offers an inclusive model of world literature that allies both distant and close reading in the construction of a transnational literature. As such, it defies established assumptions about literary circulation and center-based conceptions of world literature.
Carex ×payettei, a new hybrid of Carex sect. Racemosae described from subarctic Quebec, Canada (Cyperaceae)

Authors: CAYOUETTE JACQUES , LÉVEILLÉ-BOURRET ÉTIENNE
Published: February 2021

A new hybrid is described between two boreal species of Carex sect. Racemosae, the North American Carex atratiformis and the circumboreal Carex media, under the name of Carex ×payettei. It is reported in Nunavik (Northern Quebec, Canada), in nine localities within the Forest Tundra and Open Boreal Forest zones. It is intermediate in morphology between the parental species and is not completely sterile, frequently producing fruits. Pollen stainability of the hybrid varied between 10% and 37% while its parents display values above 95%.
The genus Scirtes Illiger of Fiji (Coleoptera: Scirtoidea: Scirtidae)
Authors: RUTA RAFAŁ , KIAŁKA AGATA
Published: February 2021

Scirtes Illiger is the only genus of Scirtidae known to inhabit Fiji. In the present revision, 10 species of Scirtes are recorded from Fiji, including seven newly described. Scirtes humeralis Pic, S. natovensis Champion, and S. veitchi Champion are redescribed and illustrated. Scirtes evansi Pic is a junior synonym of S. natovensis. Both males and females of Fijian Scirtes have foveae on abdominal ventrite 2, a character unknown in other members of the genus. Lectotypes of Scirtes natovensis Champion, S. evansi Pic, and S. humeralis Pic are designated.
Contribution to the knowledge of subterranean ground beetles from eastern Wuling Mountains, China (Coleoptera: Carabidae: Trechinae)
Authors: TIAN MINGYI , HUANG XINGLONG , LI CHENLIANG
Published: February 2021

Two new genera and three new species of troglobitic trechine beetles are described and illustrated from the eastern part of Wuling Mountains: Xiangxius jiangi n. gen., n. sp. and Guizhaphaenopsodes solidior n. gen., n. sp. from the limestone cave Tangle Dong (Jishou, western Hunan Province); Sinotroglodytes hefengensis n. sp. from the limestone cave Qizimei Dong (Hefeng, southwestern Hubei Province). Xiangxius jiangi is a highly modified cave-adapted beetle with elongate body and appendages, recognized by its peculiar elytral shape and remarkable dorsal and marginal umbilicate pores of elytra. Guizhaphaenopsodes solidior is peculiar for its stout body, robust antennae and pigmented forebody, antennae and legs though it shares several generic important characteristics with the genus Guizhaphaenops Vigna Taglianti, 1997. Sinotroglodytes hefengensis has an elongated and parallel-sided head.
Calcium Signaling in T Cells and Chronic Inflammatory Disorders of the Oral Cavity
Authors: Hasiakos S. , Gwack Y. , Kang M. , Nishimura I.
Published: February 2021

Acute immune responses to microbial insults in the oral cavity often progress to chronic inflammatory diseases such as periodontitis and apical periodontitis. Chronic oral inflammation causes destruction of the periodontium, potentially leading to loss of the dentition. Previous investigations have demonstrated that the composition of oral immune cells, rather than the overall extent of cellular infiltration, determines the pathological development of chronic inflammation. The role of T lymphocyte populations, including Th1, Th2, Th17, and Treg cells, has been extensively described. Studies now propose pathogenic Th17 cells as a distinct subset, uniquely classifiable from traditional Th17 populations. In situ differentiation of pathogenic Th17 cells has been verified as a source of destructive inflammation, which critically drives pathogenesis in chronic inflammatory diseases such as diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis, and inflammatory bowel disease. Pathogenic Th17 cells resemble a Th1 penotype and produce not only interleukin 17 (IL-17) but also γ-interferon (IFN-γ) and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF). The proinflammatory cytokine-specific mechanisms known to induce IL-17 expression in Th17 cells are well characterized; however, differentiation mechanisms that lead to pathogenic Th17 cells are less understood. Recently, Ca2+ signaling through Ca2+ release-activated Ca2+ channels (CRAC) in T cells has been uncovered as a major signaling axis involved in the regulation of T-cell-mediated chronic inflammation. In particular, pathogenic Th17 cell–mediated immunological diseases appear to be effectively targeted via such Ca2+ signaling pathways. Pathogenic plasticity of Th17 cells has been extensively illustrated in autoimmune and chronic inflammatory diseases. Although their specific causal relationship to oral infection-induced chronic inflammatory diseases is not fully established, pathogenic Th17 cells may be involved in the underlining mechanism. This review highlights the current understanding of T-cell phenotype regulation, calcium signaling pathways in this event, and the potential role of pathogenic Th17 cells in chronic inflammatory disorders of the oral cavity.
Incidentally Found Killian-Jamieson Diverticulum During Thyroidectomy: A Case Report
Authors: Yücel Levent , Isayev Nurlan , Beton Süha , Gökcan Mustafa Kürşat , Küçük Tarık Babür
Published: February 2021

The aim of this case study is to demonstrate the very rare coincidental existence and management of a Killian-Jamieson diverticulum (KJD) during thyroid surgery. A 57-year-old woman was referred to our clinic with a malignant thyroid nodule and the complaint of a sore throat. There were no suspicions concerning a diverticulum on examining her with flexible laryngoscopy or ultrasound imaging. During the right central neck dissection, we noticed a 3 × 3 cm KJD and resected it while preserving the recurrent laryngeal nerve. After the successful operation, we questioned the patient and learned that for 1 year she had an occasional complaint of dysphagia. Postoperatively, there was no vocal cord palsy or hypocalcemia, and there was no pharyngoesophageal leak after oral alimentation. There was no recurrence or complaint for KJD or papillary carcinoma for 8 years follow-up. Nonspecific symptoms like a sore throat should be investigated, and patients should be questioned for all aerodigestive symptoms. If necessary, further investigation should be undertaken for a differential diagnosis.
Levels of Evidence in Rhinology and Skull Base Surgery Research
Authors: Silver Jennifer A. , Mascarella Marco , Tali George , Varshney Rickul , Tewfik Marc A. , Tajudeen Bobby A. , Schwartz Joseph S.
Published: February 2021

Objective

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the quality of evidence of rhinology and rhinologic skull base surgery (RSBS) research and its evolution over the past decade.

Study Design

Review article.

Setting

We reviewed articles from 2007 to 2019 in 4 leading peer‐reviewed otolaryngology journals and 3 rhinology‐specific journals.

Methods

The articles were reviewed and levels of evidence were assigned using the Oxford Centre for Evidence‐Based Medicine 2011 guidelines. High quality was defined as level of evidence 1 or 2.

Results

In total, 1835 articles were reviewed in this study spanning a 13‐year period. Overall, the absolute number of RSBS publications increased significantly 22.6% per year, from 108 articles in 2007 to 481 in 2019 (P <. 001; 95% CI, 7.9‐37.2). In 2007, only 13 articles, or 15%, were high quality, and this grew to 146 articles, or 39%, in 2019. A 14.0% per year exponential increase in the number of high‐quality publications was found to be statistically significant (P <. 001; 95% CI, 7.2, 20.7). Overall, high‐quality publications represented just 25.8% of RSBS articles overall. There was no significant difference in quality between rhinology‐specific journals and general otolaryngology journals (χ2 = 3.1, P =. 077).

Conclusion

The number of overall publications and of high‐quality RSBS publications has significantly increased over the past decade. However, the proportion of high‐quality studies continues to represent a minority of total RSBS research.
COVID‐19 Preprocedural Testing: What About the False Positives?
Authors: Hill Christopher J. , Meyer Charles D. , Elrod Marilisa G. , Capra Gregory G.
Published: February 2021

In the COVID‐19 era, preprocedural patients are almost uniformly screened for symptoms, asked to quarantine preoperatively, and then undergo a test of uncertain validity with very low pretest probability. A small percentage of these tests return positive. As a result, surgical procedures are delayed and patients are required to quarantine. Are these asymptomatic patients truly positive for COVID‐19? What are the impacts of these test results on the patient and the health care system? In the following commentary, we review how the uncertain validity of reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction testing combined with a low‐prevalence population predisposes for false‐positive results. As a mitigation strategy, we ask that readers refocus on the fundamental principal of diagnostic testing: pretest probability.
Body mass index as a determinant of clozapine plasma concentrations: A pharmacokinetic-based hypothesis
Authors: Kuzin Maxim , Haen Ekkehard , Hiemke Christoph , Bochon Benjamin , Bochon Karolina , Gründer Gerhard , Paulzen Michael , Schoretsanitis Georgios
Published: February 2021

Background:

Knowledge regarding the impact of body composition measures on pharmacokinetics of antipsychotics is limited.

Aims:

Our aim was to investigate the impact of body weight and body mass index on clozapine pharmacokinetics using a therapeutic drug monitoring database.

Methods:

A large therapeutic drug monitoring dataset of clozapine plasma concentrations considering three patient subgroups was analysed: a control group (CLZ0, 20–30 kg/m2, n=266), a group with high body mass index (CLZhigh, body mass index ⩾30 kg/m2, n=162) and with low body mass index values (CLZlow, body mass index <20 kg/m2, n=27). Comparisons of plasma and dose-adjusted plasma concentrations (C/D) of clozapine were based on the Spearman’s correlation ( rs), Kruskal Wallis and Mann-Whitney-U tests. For percentages we used the Pearson chi-square test (χ2). To assess effects of confounders we used bootstrapping analysis of covariates.

Results/outcomes:

Regarding demographic characteristics, groups differed only for sex percentage with more females than males in CLZlow and CLZhigh compared to CLZ0 ( p=0.001 for χ2 test). Plasma and C/D values were positively associated with body mass index ( rs=0.108, p=0.022 and rs=0.156, p=0.001 respectively). Intergroup differences were observed for plasma and dose-adjusted concentrations of clozapine ( p=0.031 and p=0.029 for Kruskal Wallis respectively): post-hoc pairwise comparisons showed higher plasma concentrations and C/D of clozapine in CLZhigh compared to CLZ0 ( p=0.014 and p=0.007 respectively for Mann-Whitney U-test), by mean 21 and 18%, respectively. Differences for C/D values remained after accounting for sex ( p=0.02).

Conclusions/interpretation:

In obese patients, bioavailability, distribution or elimination of clozapine may be altered due to increased clozapine deposits in fat tissue and hepatic enzyme activity changes.
Elemental worlds: Specificities, exposures, alchemies
Authors: Engelmann Sasha , McCormack Derek
Published: February 2021

The elements have become the focus of a significant volume of research by geographers and others. Engagements with the elements have been framed in terms of four elemental orientations: matter, molecule, milieu and media. Our aim is to consider what is at stake in efforts to think with, across and beyond these orientations. Avoiding any reduction of the elements to a single ontological or epistemological proposition, we explore possibilities for grasping their implication in the composition and decomposition of worlds. Doing this can be facilitated by thinking about these worlds in relation to three interrelated matters of concern: specificities, exposures and alchemies.
Metabolic utilization of human osteoblast cell line hFOB 1.19 under normoxic and hypoxic conditions: A phenotypic microarray analysis
Authors: Cui Yan Chao , Qiu Yu Sheng , Wu Qiong , Bu Gang , Peli Amira , Teh Seoh Wei , Ang Kok Pian , Joseph Narcisse MS , Koh Avin Ee-Hwan , Farhana Aisha , Alzahrani Badr , Khan Mohammed Safwan Ali , Samrot Antony V , Mok Pooi Ling , Subbiah Suresh Kumar
Published: February 2021

Osteoblasts play an important role in bone regeneration and repair. The hypoxia condition in bone occurs when bone undergoes fracture, and this will trigger a series of biochemical and mechanical changes to enable bone repair. Hence, it is interesting to observe the metabolites and metabolism changes when osteoblasts are exposed to hypoxic condition. This study has looked into the response of human osteoblast hFOB 1.19 under normoxic and hypoxic conditions by observing the cell growth and utilization of metabolites via Phenotype MicroArrays™ under these two different oxygen concentrations. The cell growth of hFOB 1.19 under hypoxic condition showed better growth compared to hFOB 1.19 under normal condition. In this study, osteoblast used glycolysis as the main pathway to produce energy as hFOB 1.19 in both hypoxic and normoxic conditions showed cell growth in well containing dextrin, glycogen, maltotriose, D-maltose, D-glucose-6-phospate, D-glucose, D-mannose, D-Turanose, D-fructose-6-phosphate, D-galactose, uridine, adenosine, inosine and α-keto-glutaric acid. In hypoxia, the cells have utilized additional metabolites such as α-D-glucose-1-phosphate and D-fructose, indicating possible activation of glycogen synthesis and glycogenolysis to metabolize α-D-glucose-1-phosphate. Meanwhile, during normoxia, D-L-α-glycerol phosphate was used, and this implies that the osteoblast may use glycerol-3-phosphate shuttle and oxidative phosphorylation to metabolize glycerol-3-phosphate.
Effect of vitamin D3 supplementation on hepatic lipid dysregulation associated with autophagy regulatory AMPK/Akt-mTOR signaling in type 2 diabetic mice
Authors: Lim Hyewon , Lee Heaji , Lim Yunsook
Published: February 2021

Vitamin D3 has been reported to protect liver against non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) by attenuating hepatic lipid dysregulation in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, the mechanism of vitamin D3 on hepatic lipid metabolism-associated autophagy in hyperglycemia-induced NAFLD remains yet to be exactly elucidated. C57BL/6J mice were intraperitoneally injected with 30 mg/kg of streptozotocin and fed a high-fat diet for induction of diabetes. All mice were administered with vehicle or vitamin D3 (300 ng/kg or 600 ng/kg) by oral gavage for 12 weeks. Histological demonstrations of the hepatic tissues were obtained by H&E staining and the protein levels related to lipid metabolism and autophagy signaling were analyzed by Western blot. Treatment with vitamin D3 improved insulin resistance, liver damage, and plasma lipid profiles, and decreased hepatic lipid content in the diabetic mice. Moreover, vitamin D3 administration ameliorated hepatic lipid dysregulation by downregulating lipogenesis and upregulating lipid oxidation under diabetic condition. Importantly, vitamin D3 treatment induced autophagy by activating AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), inactivating Akt and ultimately blocking mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) activation in the T2DM mice. Additionally, vitamin D3 was found to be effective in anti-apoptosis and anti-fibrosis in the liver of diabetic mice. The results suggested that vitamin D3 may ameliorate hepatic lipid dysregulation by activating autophagy regulatory AMPK/Akt-mTOR signaling in T2DM, providing insights into its beneficial effects on NAFLD in type 2 diabetic patients.
High ROBO3 expression predicts poor survival in non-M3 acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: Cai Zhimei , Wei Jifeng , Chen Ze , Wang Haiqing
Published: February 2021

Roundabout guidance receptor proteins are crucial components of the SLIT/ROBO signaling pathway. This pathway is important for the nervous system and in embryonic development. Recently, increasing evidence has shown that roundabout guidance receptor proteins and the SLIT/ROBO signaling pathway also participate in tumorigenesis. Here, by analyzing transcriptome data from the TCGA and GEO databases, we found that ROBO3 is highly expressed in non-M3 acute myeloid leukemia. High ROBO3 expression was associated with increased age at diagnosis and poorer risk classification (both P <  0.01). Patients with high ROBO3 expression had higher rates of TP53 and RUNX1 mutations (both P <  0.05). Significantly worse overall survival and event-free survival were observed in high ROBO3 expression patients compared with low ROBO3 expression patients (OS: P =  0.004; EFS: P= 0.012). High ROBO3 expression was also associated with poorer overall survival and event-free survival in a subgroup of patients who received intensive chemotherapy (OS: P =  0.024; EFS: P =  0.040). Moreover, multivariate analysis indicated that high ROBO3 expression was an independent risk factor for poor overall survival in non-M3 acute myeloid leukemia patients who are younger than 60 and received intensive chemotherapy during remission induction. Bioinformatics analysis by Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes and Gene Ontology revealed that high ROBO3 expression significantly altered cell adhesion and extracellular matrix-related pathways (adjusted P <  0.05). Taken together, the data demonstrate that ROBO3 is upregulated in non-M3 acute myeloid leukemia and may be a potent biomarker of inferior prognosis.
Aesthetic and functional outcomes of thinned anterolateral thigh flap in reconstruction of complex wounds of the upper limb
Authors: Ellabban Mohamed A. , Gomaa Amr A. , Moghazy Amr M. , Elbadawy Mohamed A. , Adly Osama A.
Published: February 2021

We studied outcomes of reconstruction of complex upper limb wounds using thinned anterolateral thigh flaps. There were 18 patients with a mean age of 27.5 years. The mean thickness of the flap before and after thinning was 23 mm and 5 mm, respectively. Two patients had partial tip necrosis that was treated conservatively. Aesthetic and functional evaluations were performed using a 5-point Likert scale, QuickDASH score, passive range of motion and power grip at 12 months after surgery. The study showed good results in the aesthetic evaluation by a panel of plastic surgeons (mean score: 19.7) and patient self-assessment (mean score: 18.1). There was a significant correlation between the total scores of the panel and the patients. The mean QuickDASH score was 21, with a high percentage in the middle category ‘had a problem but working’. The thinned anterolateral thigh flap is versatile and safe in upper limb reconstruction with good aesthetic and functional results.

Level of evidence: IV
The academic boycott movement: A reflection on cross-border solidarity and lockdown
Authors: Maira Sunaina
Published: February 2021

The essay explores how the academic boycott of Israel advocates for the right to education and right to freedom of movement of Palestinians by reflecting on the politics of space, mobility, and borders in Palestine. I situate the boycott movement in the context of struggles over the neoliberalization of the academy and academic repression, especially censorship of the Palestine question, and in relation to movements for social and economic justice.
Breastfeeding practice in China from 2013 to 2018: a study from a national dynamic follow-up surveillance
Authors: Kang Leni , Liang Juan , He Chunhua , Miao Lei , Li Xiaohong , Dai Li , Li Qi , Liu Zheng , Zhu Jun , Wang Yanping , Liu Hanmin
Published: February 2021

Background

Breastfeeding is important for the physical and psychological health of the mother and child. Basic data on breastfeeding practice in China are out-of-date and vary widely. This study aimed to evaluate the progress of breastfeeding practice in China, as well as to explore the bottlenecks in driving better practice.

Methods

This was an observational study. We used data from the Under-5 Child Nutrition and Health Surveillance System in China for the period 2013–2018. The prevalence of early initiation of breastfeeding (EIBF) and exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) were calculated for each year for subgroups of China. The Cochran-Armitage test was used to explore the time trends. The annual percent of change (APC) were calculated by log-linear regression followed by exp transformation.

Results

The prevalence of EIBF increased significantly from 44.57% (95% CI: 44.07, 45.07) in 2013 to 55.84% (95% CI: 55.29, 56.38) in 2018 (Ptrend < 0.001), with an APC of 4.67% (95% CI: 3.51, 5.85). And the prevalence of EBF increased rapidly from 16.14% (95% CI: 15.10, 17.18) to 34.90% (95% CI: 33.54, 36.26) (Ptrend < 0.001), with an APC of 14.90% (95% CI: 9.97, 20.04). Increases were observed in both urban and rural areas, with urban areas showing greater APCs for EIBF (6.05%; 95% CI: 4.22, 7.92 v.s. 2.26%; 95% CI: 1.40, 3.12) and EBF (18.21%; 95% CI: 11.53, 25.29 v.s. 9.43%; 95% CI: 5.52, 13.49). The highest EBF prevalence was observed in the East, but the Central area showed the highest APC. The prevalence of EBF decreased with increasing age within the first 6 months, especially after 3 months.

Conclusion

The prevalence of both EIBF and EBF in China are improving in recent years. The rural and West China could be the key areas in the future actions. More efforts should be made to protect and promote breastfeeding to achieve near- and long-term goals for child health.
Influence of the knot position on the union of the greater trochanter after bipolar hip arthroplasty via the modified Dall approach: a prospective non-randomized study
Authors: Kataoka Masanao , Fujita Hiroshi , Hara Hiroaki , Harada Hideto , Okutani Yuki , Murotani Yoshiki
Published: February 2021

Background

In our institute, all elderly patients with displaced femoral neck fracture were treated with cemented bipolar hemiarthroplasty (BHA) using the modified Dall approach. To our knowledge, there are no reports on the knot position of the greater trochanter reattachment. The aim of this study was to determine influence of two knot positions (anterior or posterior) on the complications of the greater trochanter.

Methods

This is a prospective non-randomized study conducted on 95 elderly patients (95 hips) from September 2013 to December 2017. The knot position was changed from anterior to posterior alternately. The X-ray images obtained immediately after the operation were compared with those obtained at 3 months postoperatively; thereafter, the status of the greater trochanter was classified into three types: type A, no apparent shifting and fracture; type C, over 1-mm shifting of the fragment; and type F, fracture of the greater trochanter.

Results

Regarding age at operation, sex, BMI, size of the greater trochanteric fragment, stem type, and surgeon, there was no significant difference between two groups. In the anterior group, 34 hips (72.3%), 5 hips (10.6%), and 8 hips (17.0%) were classified under type A, C, and F, respectively. In the posterior group, 44 hips (91.7%), 1 hip (2.1%), and 3 hips (6.3%) were classified under type A, C, and F, respectively. There were significantly fewer greater trochanteric complications in the posterior group.

Conclusions

The posterior knot position improved the union of the greater trochanter after BHA compared with the anterior knot position.

Trial registration

We had approved IRB at our hospital clinical research review committee. Retrospectively registered.
Usefulness of an accelerometer-based navigation system in bilateral one-stage total knee arthroplasty
Authors: Laoruengthana Artit , Rattanaprichavej Piti , Tantimethanon Thanawat , Eiamjumras Watcharapong , Teekaweerakit Passakorn , Pongpirul Krit
Published: February 2021

Background

Bilateral one-stage total knee arthroplasty (BTKA) have increased because it provides a number of advantages. Recently, Accelerometer-based navigation (ABN) system which guide the cutting plane without intramedullary disturbance might result in less endothelial and microvascular damage. Therefore, we hypothesized that the ABN may reduce blood loss, reduce postoperative pain, and better restore BTKA alignment compared to conventional instruments.

Methods

We retrospectively compared 44 consecutive patients receiving ABN assisted BTKA (iBTKA) to 57 patients with conventional instruments (cBTKA). Identical pre- and post-operative care was utilized to all patients. The outcome measures assessed were hemoglobin (Hb), calculated blood loss (CBL), blood transfusion, VAS score for pain, morphine consumption, knee flexion angle, and length of stay (LOS). Radiographic assessment included mechanical axis (MA) and component positioning at 3–6 months of follow up.

Results

Both iBTKA and cTKA groups had equivalent demographic data. Postoperative Hb of the cBTKA group was significantly lower than those in the iBTKA group at 24 h (p = 0.02), but there was no significant difference in drain volume, CBL, and blood transfusion rate. For radiographic measures, the iBTKA group had more accurate MA and component orientation, and had a lower number of outliers than those in the cBTKA group (p ≤ 0.01), except for the sagittal femoral component angle.

Conclusion

The ABN assisted BTKA could not reduce blood loss or postoperative pain more than cBTKA, nor improve functional recovery. However, the ABN significantly improved the accuracy of MA and prostheses positioning.

Trial registration

The protocol of this study was registered in the Thai Clinical Trials Registry database No. TCTR20180731001# on 25 July 2018.
A national cross-sectional survey of the attitudes, skills and use of evidence-based practice amongst Spanish osteopaths
Authors: Alvarez Gerard , Justribo Cristian , Sundberg Tobias , Thomson Oliver P. , Leach Matthew J.
Published: February 2021

Background

Although evidence-based practice (EBP) is largely supported across healthcare professions, its implementation in manual therapy professions such as osteopathy remains limited and debated. There is currently little knowledge of how Spanish osteopaths relate to EBP.

Objectives

The main aim of this study was to investigate the attitudes, skills and use of EBP among Spanish osteopaths. A secondary aim was to identify barriers and facilitators for the adoption of EBP in the Spanish osteopathic context.

Methods

National cross-sectional survey of Spanish osteopaths registered and non-registered to an osteopathic association in Spain. Eligible participants were invited by a range of recruitment strategies including email and social media campaigns to complete the Spanish-translated Evidence-Based practice Attitude and utilization Survey (EBASE) anonymously online.

Results

A total of 567 osteopaths completed the survey which represents an approximate response rate of 9%. Participant’s attitudes toward EBP were largely positive. Most respondents agreed or strongly agreed that EBP was necessary in the practice of osteopathy (89.6%) and that professional literature and research findings were useful to their day-to-day practice (88.9%). Levels of perceived skill in EBP were reported as low to moderate with lowest levels for items related to ‘research conduct’. Except reading/reviewing professional literature and using online search engines to find practice-related literature, participant engagement in all other EBP-related activities was generally infrequent. The perceived proportion of clinical practice that was based on clinical research evidence was reported to be very small. Main barriers to EBP uptake included a lack of clinical evidence in osteopathy and insufficient skills for applying research findings. Main facilitators of EBP uptake included access to full-text articles, internet at the workplace and online databases.

Conclusions

Spanish osteopaths were largely supportive of evidence-based practice, had low to moderate skills in EBP and engaged in EBP activities infrequently. Formal regulation of the profession in Spain and the inclusion of osteopathic programs into the university sector would potentially improve EBP skills and use.
Autopsy and statistical evidence of disturbed hemostasis progress in COVID-19: medical records from 407 patients
Authors: Jiang Tiebin , Lv Bo , Liu Hongxia , He Shiwen , Zhang Guogang , Li Chanyi , Li Wanqiong , Li Weilin , He Yaqi , Zhang Tong , Wang Yunyun , Mo Wu , Yi Ning , Peng Luying , Li Ying , Ruan Chunhong , Li Chengyuan , Liu Yaqi , Luo Peipei , Jiang Huan , Xue Zhigang , Liu Liang , Wang Wenjun
Published: February 2021

Background

The progression of coagulation in COVID-19 patients with confirmed discharge status and the combination of autopsy with complete hemostasis parameters have not been well studied.

Objective

To clarify the thrombotic phenomena and hemostasis state in COVID-19 patients based on epidemiological statistics combining autopsy and statistical analysis.

Methods

Using autopsy results from 9 patients with COVID-19 pneumonia and the medical records of 407 patients, including 39 deceased patients whose discharge status was certain, time-sequential changes in 11 relevant indices within mild, severe and critical infection throughout hospitalization according to the Chinese National Health Commission (NHC) guidelines were evaluated. Statistical tools were applied to calculate the importance of 11 indices and the correlation between those indices and the severity of COVID-19.

Results

At the beginning of hospitalization, platelet (PLT) counts were significantly reduced in critically ill patients compared with severely or mildly ill patients. Blood glucose (GLU), prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), and D-dimer levels in critical patients were increased compared with mild and severe patients during the entire admission period. The International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis (ISTH) disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) score was also high in critical patients. In the relatively late stage of nonsurvivors, the temporal changes in PLT count, PT, and D-dimer levels were significantly different from those in survivors. A random forest model indicated that the most important feature was PT followed by D-dimer, indicating their positive associations with disease severity. Autopsy of deceased patients fulfilling diagnostic criteria for DIC revealed microthromboses in multiple organs.

Conclusions

Combining autopsy data, time-sequential changes and statistical methods to explore hemostasis-relevant indices among the different severities of the disease helps guide therapy and detect prognosis in COVID-19 infection.
Using a co-design process to develop an integrated model of care for delivering self-management intervention to multi-morbid COPD people in rural Nepal
Authors: Yadav Uday Narayan , Lloyd Jane , Baral Kedar Prasad , Bhatta Narendra , Mehta Suresh , Harris Mark Fort
Published: February 2021

Background

People with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in Nepal are not receiving adequate support to self-manage their chronic conditions, and primary health care can play a key role in the effective management of these. In this study, we aimed to develop a model of care, using a co-design approach, for delivering evidence-based biomedical and psycho-social care to support self-management for people with multi-morbid COPD in rural Nepal.

Methods

A co-design approach, guided by the five stages of the design thinking model, was used for this study. Layering on “empathize” and “define” phases, we ideated a model of care that was further refined in a “prototype” stage, which included a series of consultative meetings and a 1-day co-design workshop with stakeholders. This co-design process involved a wide range of stakeholders from Nepal, including people with COPD and their families, community representatives, local government representatives, primary care practitioners, community health workers, policymakers, state-level government representatives and academics.

Results

Through our co-design approach, a model of integrated care for delivering evidence-based biomedical and psycho-social care to support self-management for people with multi-morbid COPD was designed. The integrated model of care included: screening of the community members aged > 40 years or exhibiting symptoms for COPD and management of symptomatic patients within primary health care, establishing referral pathways for severe cases to and from secondary/tertiary-level health care and establishing a community-based support system. It involved specific roles for community health workers, patients and their caregivers and community representatives. It was built on existing services and programmes linking primary health care centres and tertiary-level health facilities.

Conclusion

The co-design approach is different from the currently dominant approach of rolling out models of care, which were designed elsewhere with minimal community engagement. In our study, the co-design approach was found to be effective in engaging various stakeholders and in developing a model of care for rural Nepal. This grassroots approach is more likely to be acceptable, effective and sustainable in rural Nepal. Further research is required to test the effectiveness of an integrated model of care in delivering self-management support for people with multi-morbid COPD in rural Nepal.
Correction to: A role for the unfolded protein response stress sensor ERN1 in regulating the response to MEK inhibitors in KRAS mutant colon cancers
Authors: Šuštić Tonći , van Wageningen Sake , Bosdriesz Evert , Reid Robert J. D. , Dittmar John , Lieftink Cor , Beijersbergen Roderick L. , Wessels Lodewyk F. A. , Rothstein Rodney , Bernards René
Published: February 2021

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via the original article.
Prevalence and risk factors of suicidal ideations among patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder in Egypt
Authors: Sehlo Mohammad Gamal , Youssef Usama Mahmoud , El-Gohari Hayam Mohammed
Published: February 2021

Background

Suicidal ideations were reported in many studies among patient with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD); this study aimed to evaluate the prevalence and factors associated with current suicidal ideations among Egyptian patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). A consecutive sample of 120 Egyptian OCD patients was included in the study. OCD was diagnosed using the structured clinical interview for DSM-V axis Ι disorders, clinical version (SCID-I-CV). Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale (Y-BOCS) was also applied to the patients. Presence of current suicidal ideations was assessed using Scale for Suicidal Ideation (SSI).

Results

Twenty eight (23.3%) of the OCD patients reported presence of current suicidal ideations, religious obsessions OR = 3.53, P = 0.009, and presence of comorbid major depressive disorder OR = 1.77, P = 0.04.

Conclusion

Religious obsessions and comorbid major depressive disorder were found to be significant predictors for the current suicidal ideations in patients with OCD; however, religious obsessions were the strongest predictor. Religious obsessions should be evaluated and treated to decrease the risk of suicidal thoughts in Egyptian OCD patients.
Seismic imaging using an e-vib — A case study analyzing the signal properties of a seismic vibrator driven by electric linear synchronous motors
Authors: Brodic Bojan , Ras Paul , de Kunder Richard , Drijkoningen Guy , Malehmir Alireza
Published: February 2021

Seismic imaging characteristics of a prototype electrically driven, linear synchronous motor-based, vertical-force seismic vibrator (“e-vib”) were evaluated at a site in the Netherlands. The system weighs 1.65 t and excites seismic signals with a peak force of 6.7 kN. Data were recorded along two collocated geophone-based nodal and landstreamer microelectromechanical system - MEMS-based sensor 2D seismic profiles. To obtain a broad bandwidth data set, the e-vib operated with a 1–200 Hz linear sweep. Shot gathers of the merged nodal-landstreamer data set indicated good-quality seismic data of a broadband nature. The processed merged data set demonstrates high-resolution reflections of the stratigraphic members from approximately 200 m to 2 km, with visible reflections as deep as 2.5–2.9 km. As a reference, we also processed a legacy 3D microspread data set acquired at the same site with a magnitude stronger (14.1 t, 67.5 kN) hydraulic vibrator. Comparison of our nodal-landstreamer seismic section versus 2D slices extracted from the processed microspread seismic volume suggested similar signal penetration depth and the same key marker horizons seen in both. Analysis of the reaction mass and base-plate accelerometer signals recorded with the e-vib source operating on grass and on asphalt surfaces indicates that the e-vib has low total harmonic distortion. The results obtained indicate that, although relatively small, the e-vib is capable of generating high-quality broadband seismic data.
Anxiety Shapes Expectations of Therapeutic Benefit in Phase I Trials for Patients With Advanced Cancer and Spousal Caregivers
Authors: Hlubocky Fay J. , Sher Tamara G. , Cella David , Wroblewski Kristen E. , Peppercorn Jeffery , Daugherty Christopher K.
Published: February 2021

PURPOSE:

Advanced cancer patients (ACP) hope to receive significant therapeutic benefit from phase I trials despite terminal disease and presumed symptom burdens. We examined associations between symptom burdens and expectations of therapeutic benefit for ACP and spousal caregivers (SC) during phase I trials.

PATIENTS AND METHODS:

A prospective cohort of ACP-SC enrolled in phase I trials was assessed at baseline and one month using symptom burden measures evaluating depression, state-trait anxiety, quality of life, global health, post-traumatic coping, and marital adjustment. Interviews evaluated expectations of benefit.

RESULTS:

Fifty-two phase I ACP and 52 SC (N = 104) were separately assessed and interviewed at baseline and one month. Total population demographics included the following: median age 61 years (28-78), 50% male, 100% married, 90% White, and 46% ≥ college education. At T1, ACP reported symptoms of mild state anxiety, mild trait anxiety, poor global health, and quality of life. SC reported moderate state and mild trait anxiety and good global health with little disability at baseline. State anxiety was a significant predictor of ACP expectations for phase I producing the following therapeutic benefits: stabilization ( P = .01), shrinkage ( P < .01), and remission ( P = .04). Regression analyses also revealed negative associations between SC expectation for stabilization and SC anxiety: state ( P = .01) and trait ( P = .02). ACP quality of life was also negatively associated with SC expectations for stabilization ( P = .02) and shrinkage ( P = .01).

CONCLUSION:

Anxiety, both state and trait, impacts couples’ beliefs regarding the likelihood of therapeutic benefit from phase I trial participation.
The Citizenship Advantage in Psychological Well-being: An Examination of the Hukou System in China
Authors: Song Qian , Smith James P.
Published: February 2021

Given that Chinese migrants with rural hukou status are not considered full citizens in their urban destinations, rural-urban hukou conversion signifies full citizenship attainment in urban China. We assess causal effects of three major types of urban hukou attainment—merit-, policy-, and family-based hukou conversion—on migrants' psychological well-being in middle- and later-life. We further examine how hukou matters—how periods and hukou destinations alter the values of specific urban hukou and their psychological health implications for individuals. We use the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (2015 data) and life history data (for 2014) for analysis. To assess the extent to which the salmon effect contributes to estimation bias for migrants, we compare results from a sample with current migrants and one with current and returned migrants. To address for selection into hukou conversion, we adopt inverse probability–weighted regression adjustment methods. We show that the salmon bias significantly dampened causal estimates. Merit- and policy-based hukou conversion has protective effects on psychological well-being. Policy-based converters have better psychological health than other types of converters. Hukou conversion in the pre-1978 period conveys greater psychological benefits than that in the post-1998 period, when economic and social values of urban hukou have decreased. Hukou converters in the cities with the most resources enjoy better psychological well-being than their counterparts in other cities. Our study joins the emerging literature in investigating how citizenship conveys advantage in health and well-being. We discuss these results in the global context as well as the context of China's decades of evolution of hukou policy and the urbanization process.
Exploring Strategies for Investigating the Mechanisms Linking Climate and Individual-Level Child Health Outcomes: An Analysis of Birth Weight in Mali
Authors: Grace Kathryn , Verdin Andrew , Dorélien Audrey , Davenport Frank , Funk Chris , Husak Greg
Published: February 2021

The goal of this article is to consider data solutions to investigate the differential pathways that connect climate/weather variability to child health outcomes. We apply several measures capturing different aspects of climate/weather variability to different time periods of in utero exposure. The measures are designed to capture the complexities of climate-related risks and isolate their impacts based on the timing and duration of exposure. Specifically, we focus on infant birth weight in Mali and consider local weather and environmental conditions associated with the three most frequently posited potential drivers of adverse health outcomes: disease (malaria), heat stress, and food insecurity. We focus this study on Mali, where seasonal trends facilitate the use of measures specifically designed to capture distinct aspects of climate/weather conditions relevant to the potential drivers. Results indicate that attention to the timing of exposures and employing measures designed to capture nuances in each of the drivers provides important insight into climate and birth weight outcomes, especially in the case of factors impacted by precipitation. Results also indicate that high temperatures and low levels of agricultural production are consistently associated with lower birth weights, and exposure to malarious conditions may increase likelihood of nonlive birth outcomes.
Characteristics of Electrolytic Deoxygenation Devices Using SiC and SWCNT Electrodes
Authors: Kaneto Keiichi , Uto Sadahito
Published: February 2021

Electrolytic deoxygenation devices have been fabricated using SiC, SWCNT, graphene, and PEDOT*PSS for the electrodes. Characteristics of devices were studied by measuring currents, O2 and H2 concentrations, and humidity during deoxygenation in a closed container. Performances of the devices being composed of cation or anion exchange membrane are discussed comparing with the standard catalyst of Pt-black. It is found that generation of moisture and H2 was substantially involved in the deoxygenation.
Concerted Catalysis of Pd and Au on Alloy Nanoparticles for Efficient Heterogeneous Molecular Transformations
Authors: Miura Hiroki , Shishido Tetsuya
Published: February 2021

The PdAu random alloy nanoparticle catalyst shows excellent catalytic activity for heterogeneous molecular formations, whereas monometallic Pd or Au catalysts were ineffective. The Pd/Au ratio in the alloy had a significant impact on its catalytic performance, and the catalyst with a low Pd concentration exhibited excellent activity. The concerted catalysis of Pd and Au adjacent on the alloy surface is responsible for the specific catalytic performance.
Morphological awareness and literacy skills: a review
Authors: Chliounaki Kalliopi
Published: February 2021

THE ABSTRACT IS AVAILABLE IN THE PDF
Επαγγελματική εξουθένωση, κατάθλιψη, ασάφεια και σύγκρουση ρόλων στους εκπαιδευτικούς πρωτοβάθμιας εκπαίδευσης
Authors: Παπαστυλιανού Αντωνία , Πολυχρονόπουλος Μιχαήλ
Published: February 2021

The abstract is available in the PDF
Διαμεσολάβηση και μεταβατικότητα στην αναλυτική ομαδική θεραπεία
Authors: Ναυρίδης Κλήμης
Published: February 2021

The abstract is available in the PDF