bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ESTUDO NUMÉRICO DAS PRESSÕES DE ONDA DE CHOQUE EM DIFERENTES MEIOS E SUA TRANSMISSÃO
Authors: Limeira da Costa Neto Murilo , Doz Graciela
Published: October 2017

Pesquisas relacionadas às explosões e à propagação das ondas de choque são de grande importância dada sua grande aplicabilidade em diversos setores produtivos, como, por exemplo, na indústria, na mineração e na engenharia. Quando não planejadas, a detonação de explosivos químicos, como o TNT, pode representar um risco severo às instalações e seus usuários. As pressões produzidas e a propagação da onda de choque são influenciadas pelo meio em que aconteceu a explosão, seja pela presença de obstáculos ou mesmo pelo ambiente, como o ar ou a água. Nesse contexto, este artigo traz uma visão geral das características de explosões em diferentes meios, avaliando também o efeito de transmissão de energia da onda através de diferentes materiais. Para estes estudos foram desenvolvidas simulações utilizando o software de fluidodinâmica computacional Autodyn Ansys ®. Os modelos desenvolvidos foram separados em dois grupos, o primeiro para o estudo da explosão em diferentes meios e o segundo para a avaliação da transmissão da energia da onda. Os resultados obtidos com as simulações, foram comparados com propostas de outros autores e avaliados criticamente. Estes fundamentaram uma base importante para o desenvolvimento de pesquisas futuras.
Learning beyond expectations: Evaluation of an international nursing student exchange
Authors: Pereira Helder Rocha , Brisbois Maryellen D. , Silva Helena Oliveira , Stover Caitlin M.
Published: October 2017

Background/Purpose: Study abroad programs, through international exchanges in undergraduate nursing schools, are becoming common in response to a globalized world and imperative for nurses to acquire cultural awareness and related competencies. Increased recognition of exchanges exists, with limited empirical evaluation of learning outcomes. The purpose of this study was to understand the impact of a short-term international exchange on Portuguese and American nursing students in respect to its influence on learning.Methods: A mixed-method research design was utilized for data collection. Online survey (demographic data and revised HPSISN tool) and focus group data collection using synchronous chat groups captured nursing student experiences and perceptions about their participation in a two-sided exchange.Results: Focus group data from sixteen nursing students (aged 20-39) delineated two major themes: 1) Expectations of the student exchange with three subthemes: a) motivations to participate, b) met versus unmet expectations, and c) beyond expectations; and, 2) Learning (how and what) with six subthemes: a) understanding cultural differences, b) recognizing a different health care system, c) reconsidering the role of the nurse, d) building team work, e) integrating theory into practice, and f) peer mutual learning. Survey data across the four dimensions: 1) Perspectives of exchange, 2) attitude toward community involvement, 3) future professional work and, 4) personal reflection exhibited students acquired personal and professional competencies that were beyond their expectations of the exchange.Conclusions: Results strongly support nursing student participation in international exchange programs develops personal growth and professional competencies that may impact future practice when caring for diverse patient populations. Universities should develop and foster global programs for student engagement.
Solution of a Spherically Symmetric Static Problem of General Relativity for an Elastic Solid Sphere
Authors: Vasiliev Valery V. , Fedorov Leonid V.
Published: October 2017

The paper is concerned with the spherically symmetric static problem of the General Relativity Theory (GRT). The classical interior solution of this problem found in 1916 by K. Schwarzschild for a fluid sphere is generalized for a linear elastic isotropic solid sphere. The GRT equations are supplemented with the equation for the stresses which is similar to the compatibility equation of the theory of elasticity and is derived using the principle of minimum complementary energy for an elastic solid. Numerical analysis of the obtained solution is undertaken.
The Effect of Teaching Strategies and Curiosity on Students’ Achievement in Reading Comprehension
Authors: Gurning Busmin , Siregar Aguslani
Published: October 2017

The objectives of this study were to find out whether 1) students’ achievement in reading comprehension taught by using INSERT strategy was higher than those taught by using SQ3R strategy, 2) Students’ achievement in reading comprehension having high curiosity was higher than those having low curiosity, 3) there was an interaction between teaching strategies and curiosity on students’ achievement in reading comprehension. Quasi experimental research with factorial design 2 × 2 was used in this study. The total number of sample were 76 persons, with 38 students of each class (experimental and control classes). The first class was treated by using INSERT strategy and the second class was treated by using SQ3R strategy. The students were also divided into two groups based on curiosity, such as high and low curiosity. The data were collected through reading comprehension by using objective test, whereas for aptitude like curiosity, questionaire was used. The data were then analyzed by applying two-way ANOVA at the level of significance at α = 0.05. The data analysis revealed that (1) students’ achievement in reading comprehension taught by using INSERT was higher than those taught by using SQ3R, with Fobs (27.32) > Ftab (3.98), (2) students’ achievement in reading comprehension with high curiosity was higher than those students with low curiosity with Fobs (6.92) > Ftab (3.98), (3) there was an interaction between teaching strategies and students’ curiosity on students’ achievement in reading comprehension with Fobs (15.43) > Ftab (3.98). Tuckey test was then applied to verify the interaction between each sample comparison.
Large scale model predictions on the effect of GDL thermal conductivity and porosity on PEM fuel cell performance
Authors: Rehman Obaid ur , Zafar Amber Fishan
Published: October 2017

The performance of proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cell majorly relies on properties of gas diffusion layer (GDL) which supports heat and mass transfer across the membrane electrode assembly. A novel approach is adopted in this work to analyze the activity of GDL during fuel cell operation on a large-scale model. The model with mesh size of 1.3 million computational cells for 50 cm2 active area was simulated by parallel computing technique via computer cluster. Grid independence study showed less than 5% deviation in criterion parameter as mesh size was increased to 1.8 million cells. Good approximation was achieved as model was validated with the experimental data for Pt loading of 1 mg/cm2. The results showed that GDL with higher thermal conductivity prevented PEM from drying and led to improved protonic conduction. GDL with higher porosity enhanced the reaction but resulted in low output voltage which demonstrated the effect of contact resistance. In addition, the compressive force reduced the porosity under the rib regions which resulted in lower gas diffusion and heat and water accumulation.
Notes from the Editor
Authors: Kumik Ewa
Published: October 2017

Notes from the Editor
Preparatory work on a piece as a form of developing student’s artistic autonomy
Authors: Yanushkevich Maryia
Published: October 2017

The development of a student’s artistic autonomy is one of the most important tasks in the educational process at higher education level. One of the methods of accomplishing this task is to teach students to work autonomously on the score. This is the first step towards helping a young conductor to get acquainted with a composition, to define one’s own vision of
an artwork, to get prepared for cooperation with an ensemble and later for performing
the piece on stage. Therefore, when reaching for a new score, a student should learn how to analyze it in terms of: form (taking into account the composition’s structure, harmonic layout, general knowledge regarding authors of lyrics and music, style), vocal-choral aspects (type and kind of a choir, vocal range, breathing, problems concerning voice production,
diction, dynamics, agogics, articulation) and performance (manners of conveying one’s artistic vision, role of a conductor’s gesture, vocal-choral means of expression).
A detailed analysis of the musical material advances performers towards proper interpretation, as close to the composer’s intentions as possible. Understanding the content and artistic idea behind the piece significantly eliminates ‘arbitrariness’ of performance. Getting acquainted with common influence of artistic means of expression, understanding the occurrence of particular elements of a musical language, comprehending the principles of a musical form, distinguishing characteristic qualities of a chosen composer’s style. These skills, developed over the course of analysis, help students respond to music more briskly, broaden their intellectual horizons, foster unassisted orientation in the musical form and language of a piece, develop perceptiveness and better memorization of a musical material.
Report on the Musical Forum of Young Scholars and Artists
Authors: Kumik Ewa
Published: October 2017

Report on the Musical Forum of Young Scholars and Artists
Blue Architectures (The City and the Wild in Concentrate)
Authors: Muller Brook ,   International Association for Environmental Philosophy
Published: October 2017

It is more than a coincidence that in his two essays, “Wilderness and the City: Not such a Long Drive After All” and “Can Cities Be Both Natural and Successful? Reflections Grounding Two Apparently Oxymoronic Aspirations,” Scott Cameron looks to water as a basis for evaluating the city in relationship to the wild and in imagining new possibilities for urban nature. In an attempt to complement and enrich Cameron’s thinking, this essay focuses on emerging, decentralized and ecologically responsive approaches to water and wastewater systems in architectural projects in dense urban environments. Such an emphasis on “blue architectures” allows for a reframing of the city/nature relationship in terms of degrees of concentration—of water, organisms, and pollutants—as a precursor to considerations of distances involved (“not such a long drive”). To concentrate on localized hydrologic conditions is to support the integrity of broader scale ecological systems and to reconnect urban dwellers to processes that bear directly on the wild.
Advancing Water Innovation Through Public Benefit Funds: Examining California's Approach for Electricity
Authors: Quesnel Kimberly J. , Ajami Newsha K.
Published: October 2017

This research reviews public benefit funds (PBFs), one potential policy instrument for future water investment. These mechanisms, usually supported by per‐usage customer surcharges, are widely used to fund clean energy initiatives. This study reviews the existing literature on these tools and then takes a case study approach to investigate one specific PBF program—California's electricity public goods charge (PGC), used to finance energy efficiency, renewable energy, and energy research and development. The authors' analysis finds that customers, utilities, and the state benefited environmentally and economically from the PGC program. Following the electricity sector's lead, PBFs for water could be vital for strengthening public investment in water by creating a dedicated fund for programs and projects that enhance system resiliency, modernize infrastructure, improve network performance, and increase innovation in the water sector and beyond.
Paysage linguistique et hybridité identitaire dans le roman en Belgique francophone et au Québec (1830-1913)
Authors: Bergeron-Proulx Julie
Published: October 2017

Si le Québec et la Belgique francophone semblent présenter une situation linguistique similaire, caractérisée par la rivalité de deux langues et la marginalisation vis-à-vis la France, centre linguistique, littéraire et culturel francophone par excellence, un examen plus poussé rend compte de différences non négligeables. Il en découle des dissemblances dans le traitement de la langue dans le roman. Cet article propose une analyse de la transmission textuelle de l’hybridité identitaire et linguistique dans le roman belge et québécois de 1830 à 1913. Dans un premier temps, une analyse statistique de la langue de l’incipit d’un échantillon représentatif des romans québécois et belges de langue française publiés au cours de la période permet de démontrer un paysage linguistique davantage problématisé en Belgique qu’au Québec, où les variantes locales de la langue paraissent le plus souvent aller de soi. Ensuite, la langue et ses représentations seront étudiées dans un corpus composé de dix romans, cinq belges et cinq québécois, ayant acquis une valeur emblématique dans leur littérature nationale. Cette analyse textuelle montre que l’institution littéraire québécoise a retenu davantage de textes dans lesquels l’auteur problématise la langue que l’institution littéraire belge, à l’inverse des résultats de l’analyse statistique. Cette double analyse permet donc de réfléchir les institutions dans un contexte d’insécurité et d’hybridité linguistique.
Écrire pour l’Autre : les publications de langue anglaise de deux sociétés historiques en milieu minoritaire
Authors: St-Pierre Stéphanie
Published: October 2017

Les sociétés historiques de langue française jouent un rôle important dans la prise de conscience historiographique des Canadiens français de la seconde moitié du XIXe siècle au tournant du XXe siècle. La Société historique franco-américaine (SHFA) et la Société historique de Saint-Boniface (SHSB) ne font pas exception. Puisqu’elles développent un discours sur le passé, elles contribuent à façonner le territoire historique dans l’historiographie et à élaborer un discours d’enracinement pour les populations de langue française qui habitent les régions qu’elles desservent. Largement influencées par leur situation en milieu minoritaire, les deux sociétés historiques à l’étude sont ancrées dans leur région de par les thématiques abordées et le discours qui se rapportent à leur fondation. Si elles cherchent principalement à jouer le rôle de vecteur d’une histoire par et pour la population de langue française, elles choisissent toutes deux de publier des textes historiques en anglais, et ce, peu de temps après leur fondation. Par une analyse de ces deux publications de langue anglaise, cet article permettra de mieux saisir la place qu’occupe la représentation du territoire historique et du discours d’enracinement dans l’étude de l’histoire de soi pour l’Autre, qui est majoritaire et anglophone.
Acteurs et dynamiques de projet dans l’histoire d’une impossible reconversion de territoire. Abondance, petite station de sports d’hiver dans les Alpes du Nord
Authors: SUCHET André
Published: October 2017

Le village-station d’Abondance, dans les Alpes françaises du Nord, décide au printemps 2007 la fermeture définitive du domaine skiable en difficulté économique pour se reconvertir en destination de tourisme culturel autour de son patrimoine gothique. Mais cette « nouvelle donne » suscite localement un vif rejet et, à la suite de multiples retournements de situation, les remontées mécaniques sont remises en état, tandis que les projets de tourisme culturel sont abandonnés. Presque 10 ans après cette affaire médiatisée, notre étude analyse socialement, historiquement et politiquement (à partir d’une méthode qualitative de terrain) le système d’acteurs et les enjeux de cette non-reconversion ou, plutôt, de cette continuité des activités de sports d’hiver en moyenne montagne à l’échelle locale. Les résultats mettent en évidence les ressorts de la construction d’un attachement territorial à une économie particulière, en l’occurrence les sports d’hiver. Un attachement motivé notamment par un rapport de classe entre le monde agricole (peu favorable aux sports d’hiver et en perte de vitesse) et le secteur du tourisme, dont l’histoire de vie des acteurs montre la revanche sociale que constitue pour eux cette économie du loisir.
Georg Simmel and the “Relational Turn”. Contributions to the foundation of the Lebenssoziologie since Simmel
Authors: Ruggieri Davide
Published: October 2017

The first aim of the paper is an interpretation of Georg Simmel’s sociology in “relational terms” – i.e., under the categories of the “relational sociology”; it focuses, thus, to show how Simmel’s social theory and philosophy of culture fit for the construction of aLebensoziologie. Considering Simmel as a “relational sociologist” means to demonstrate how his contribution is decisive to the history of sociology, since he defines the “Wechselwirkung” (reciprocity, relational exchange) and itsformsas the very matter of the social sciences. Simmel represents the “relational turn” in the wide sociologicalmilieu. Since Simmel’s contribution, sociology attempted to consider and investigate social facts in terms of “relation” and reciprocity. The current sociological debate insists on considering Simmel as a “relational” sociologist in various declinations (coherent to Bourdieu’s social theory or to the social network analysis framework). In his late essays and books Simmel gives a “vitalist” accent to the analysis of social facts: the social is above all “social life”, according to the consolidated forms/contents dialectical model.Grundfragen der Soziologie. Individuum und Gesellschaftrepresents his last attempt to corroborate a sort of “sociology of life” (Lebenssoziologie). Even if this term does not explicitly appear in Simmel’s words, it summarizes his social and cultural theory - since the volumeSoziologie- and offers some key-concepts for the successive sociological debate.
Feedback regulation of retinaldehyde reductase DHRS3, a critical determinant of retinoic acid homeostasis
Authors: Varshosaz Parisa , O'Connor Catherine , Moise Alexander R.
Published: October 2024

Retinoic acid is crucial for vertebrate embryogenesis, influencing anterior‐posterior patterning and organogenesis through its interaction with nuclear hormone receptors comprising heterodimers of retinoic acid receptors (RARα, β, or γ) and retinoid X receptors (RXRα, β, or γ). Tissue retinoic acid levels are tightly regulated since both its excess and deficiency are deleterious. Dehydrogenase/reductase 3 (DHRS3) plays a critical role in this regulation by converting retinaldehyde to retinol, preventing excessive retinoic acid formation. Mutations in DHRS3 can result in embryonic lethality and congenital defects. This study shows that mouse Dhrs3 expression is responsive to vitamin A status and is directly regulated by the RAR/RXR complex through cis‐regulatory elements. This highlights a negative feedback mechanism that ensures retinoic acid homeostasis.
Böden und ihre Bedeutung im europäischen Mittelalter
Authors: Kozłowska-Szyc Monika
Published: October 2024

Das Kapitel befasst sich mit der historischen Entwicklung des Bodenwissens im mittelalterlichen Europa, wobei der Schwerpunkt auf den Regionen nördlich der Alpen liegt. Es beschreibt auch die Entwicklung landwirtschaftlicher Innovationen im Zusammenhang mit der Bodenbewirtschaftung und untersucht deren Übertragung nach Osteuropa sowie die Anpassung an die dortigen Verhältnisse. Im ersten Abschnitt wird die Entwicklung des bodenkundlichen Wissens sowohl im Mittelmeerraum als auch in den Regionen nördlich der Alpen erörtert, gefolgt von seiner Übertragung und Integration in Osteuropa. Das Hauptaugenmerk liegt dabei auf den Bodenklassifizierungssystemen, der zugehörigen Terminologie und den Methoden zur Erhaltung der Bodenfruchtbarkeit. Außerdem werden die Auswirkungen menschlicher Aktivitäten auf die Bodenqualität beleuchtet. Menschliche Eingriffe wie Ackerbau, Viehzucht und andere wirtschaftliche Aktivitäten verstärkten natürliche Prozesse wie Erosion. Dies führte zu einer Erschöpfung des Bodens und in der Folge zu einem Rückgang der landwirtschaftlichen Nutzbarkeit. Doch gingen die vorindustriellen Gesellschaften proaktiv gegen die Bodendegradation vor und versuchten, die Erträge zu erhalten und zu verbessern. Entscheidende Fortschritte wie die weit verbreitete Einführung des schweren Pfluges, der großflächige Einsatz von Pferden als Zugtiere und die Einführung des Dreifeldersystems spielten eine zentrale Rolle bei der Entwicklung der Landwirtschaft im gesamten mittelalterlichen Europa. Diese Innovationen wurden auf dem ganzen Kontinent verbreitet, an die jeweiligen Verhältnisse angepasst und ermöglichten so die Intensivierung der landwirtschaftlichen Produktion.
Determining Bandgaps in the Layered Group‐10 2D Transition Metal Dichalcogenide PtSe2
Authors: Mičica Martin , Ayari Sabrine , Hemmat Minoosh , Arfaoui Mehdi , Vala Daniel , Postava Kamil , Vergnet Hadrien , Tignon Jerome , Mangeney Juliette , Guo Shasha , Yu Xuechao , Wang Qi Jie , Liu Zheng , Jaziri Sihem , Carosella Francesca , Ferreira Robson , Dhillon Sukhdeep
Published: October 2024

Unlike traditional group‐6 transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs), group‐10 TMDs such as PtSe2 and PdTe2 possess highly tuneable indirect bandgaps, transitioning from semiconducting in the near‐infrared to semimetal behavior with a number of monolayers (MLs). This opens up the possibility of TMD‐based mid‐infrared and terahertz optoelectronics. Despite this large potential, the optical properties of such materials have shown an extremely large disparity between that predicted and measured. For example, simulations show that a few MLs is required for the semiconductor–semimetal transition, whilst tens of MLs is found experimentally. This is a result of widely used optical extrapolation methods to determine bandgaps, such as the Tauc plot approach, that are not adapted here owing to i) nearby direct transitions, ii) the material dimensionality and iii) large changes in the non‐parabolic bandstructure with MLs. Here, uniquely combining optical ellipsometry to determine the complex permittivity, terahertz time resolved spectroscopy for the complex conductivity and in‐depth density functional theory (DFT) simulations, it is shown that the optical properties and bandstructure can be determined reliably and demonstrate clearly that the semiconductor‐semimetal transition occurs for PtSe2 layers ≈5 MLs. The microscopic origins of the observed transitions and the crucial role of the Coulomb interaction for thin semiconducting layers, and that of interlayer van der Waals forces for multilayer semimetallic samples are also demonstrated. This work of combining complimentary experimental techniques and extensive simulations avoids the application of constrained extrapolation methods to determine the optical properties of group‐10 TMDs, and will be of importance for future mid‐infrared and terahertz applications.
Dynamic Phosphorescence/Fluorescence Switching in Hybrid Metal Halides Toward Time‐Resolved Multi‐Level Anti‐Counterfeiting
Authors: Zhou Guojun , Mao Yilin , Zhang Jian , Ren Qiqiong , Molokeev Maxim S. , Xia Zhiguo , Zhang Xian‐Ming
Published: October 2024

Hybrid metal halides (HMHs) with time‐resolved luminescence behavior promise to be a breakthrough in multi‐level anti‐counterfeiting, but controlling the dynamic switching between phosphorescence and fluorescence is extremely challenging. Herein, an array of 0D HMHs is constructed by screening the π‐conjugated ligand with room‐temperature phosphorescence (RTP). Compared to the organic chromophore, (ETPP)2ZrCl6 possesses a misaligned stacking and rigid structure, contributing to an improved phosphorescence quantum yield (ΦP = 27.50%) and an extended phosphorescence lifetime (τ = 0.6234 s), as the intervening of inorganic unit [ZrCl6]2− suppresses the energy losses caused by nonradiative relaxation and prompts the intersystem crossover (ISC) process. Not only that, the interplay of phosphorescence‐fluorescence dual‐mode emission can be intelligently controlled by doping the active metal Te4+, resulting in a dynamic switching between RTP phosphorescence and self‐trapped exciton (STE) fluorescence. DFT calculations reveal the governing origins of RTP‐STE from the intermolecular ISC channels and spin‐orbit coupling (SOC) coefficients. These precise images into periodic pixelated arrays enable the multi‐level anti‐counterfeiting and information encryption. This work proposes a fluorescence‐phosphorescence co‐modulating strategy under the premise of dissecting the structural origins for optimizing RTP phosphorescence, which paves the way for designing high‐security‐level anti‐counterfeiting materials.
Hierarchically Reconfigurable Soft Robots with Reprogrammable Multimodal Actuation
Authors: Fang Fuyi , Li Wenbo , Guo Xinyu , Chen Huyue , Meng Guang , Zhang Wenming
Published: October 2024

Reconfigurable soft robots exhibit superior flexibility and adaptability when coping with complex environments and variable tasks. However, conventional modular design strategy based on soft actuator modules with specific structure and actuation mode as the basic constructing element for reconfigurable soft robots always has limited reprogrammability or scalability. Here, a hierarchical reconfigurable strategy is reported that not only offers conventional module reconfiguration as the first level to build different robot prototypes, but also provides the elastically‐guided multimodal actuation (contraction, bend, and twist) as the second level which can be reprogrammed to construct different actuator modules. This strategy deepens the modularity to a higher dimensionality and provides more choices for robots to adjust various conformations and functions as needed, for example, a peristalsis robot, an omnidirectional crawling robot, and a soft manipulator can be easily constructed using the module‐level reconfiguration. Moreover, soft manipulators with various preprogrammed deformation trajectories based on the mode reconfiguration are proven to dramatically reduce the operation difficulty and cost in potential applications such as environment detection and human‐robot interaction. This work provides a hierarchical framework for reconfigurable soft robots and may open up a new way for modular design.
Locking Alignment of Liquid Crystal Actuators Using Hydrogen Bonds to Enable Room‐Temperature Shape Programmability and Enhanced Work Capacity
Authors: Ding Jian , Liu Tuan , Li Yuzhan , Miao Xuepei , Yang Ziyi , Li Caicai , Dong Zhixiang , Jiang Li , Wang Liwei , Cheng Rongshan , Bao Bingkun , Lin Qiuning , Zhu Linyong
Published: October 2024

Soft actuators that mimic the softness and deformability of living organisms have great potential for use in various fields. For most soft actuators, achieving both reprogrammable shape and high work capacity is crucial but challenging. These properties are mutually exclusive for liquid crystal elastomers (LCEs), an important type of soft actuators. Herein, a room‐temperature shape‐programmable LCE capable of high‐energy actuation is developed. Our approach utilizes hydrogen bonds to stabilize the aligned liquid crystal phases. The slow recovery of H‐bonds at room temperature provides a specific processing window, during which the sample shape can be programmed after the thermal treatment. The temperature‐dependent rearrangement of hydrogen bonds allows for fabrication of actuators with customized shapes in a facile do‐it‐yourself manner. Additionally, the integration of strong covalent cross‐links is vital for holding structural integrity. The combination of non‐covalent and covalent cross‐linking significantly improves the mechanical properties, enabling the actuators to perform reversible actuation with a work capacity (440 kJ m−3) higher than that of traditional LCEs (<100 kJ m−3). This study provides a turnkey strategy to address the conflict between shape reprogrammability and work capacity, advancing the development of soft actuators.
Heteroatoms Modulate the Copper Single Atom Catalytic Host Materials for Promoting the Redox Reaction in Aqueous Zinc‐Selenium Batteries
Authors: Xu Huiting , Guo Peng , Li Chunli , Gao Jing , Wang Honghai , Peng Wenchao , Liu Jiapeng
Published: October 2024

Aqueous zinc‐selenium (Zn‐Se) batteries have garnered much attention due to their inherent safety and high specific capacity. Unfortunately, the problem of sluggish redox reaction represents a significant obstacle to the development of aqueous Zn‐Se batteries. Here, a nitrogen‐phosphorus asymmetrically coordinated copper single atom catalytic host material (CuN3P1@C) is synthesized for an aqueous Zn‐Se battery. The CuN3P1@C host material exhibits a rich porous structure, high‐loading of Cu single atoms, and unique asymmetric coordination environment, which significantly reduces the reaction energy barrier for the redox reaction between Se and Zn, enhancing the electrochemical performance of the aqueous Zn‐Se battery. Consequently, the Se/CuN3P1@C cathode achieves a high specific capacity of 756 mAh g−1 at 0.2 A g−1 and cycling stability of 4 000 cycles at 5.0 A g−1 (capacity decay of 0.0044% per cycle). Meanwhile, the conversion mechanism of an aqueous Zn‐Se battery is systematically explored via systematical characteristics and density functional theory calculations. This work opens up a novel approach to boosting the redox reaction of aqueous Zn‐Se batteries by modulating single atom‐based host materials via heteroatoms.
3D Bioprinting for Engineered Tissue Constructs and Patient‐Specific Models: Current Progress and Prospects in Clinical Applications
Authors: Lee Sang Jin , Jeong Wonwoo , Atala Anthony
Published: October 2024

Advancements in bioprinting technology are driving the creation of complex, functional tissue constructs for use in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. Various methods, including extrusion, jetting, and light‐based bioprinting, have their unique advantages and drawbacks. Over the years, researchers and industry leaders have made significant progress in enhancing bioprinting techniques and materials, resulting in the production of increasingly sophisticated tissue constructs. Despite this progress, challenges still need to be addressed in achieving clinically relevant, human‐scale tissue constructs, presenting a hurdle to widespread clinical translation. However, with ongoing interdisciplinary research and collaboration, the field is rapidly evolving and holds promise for personalized medical interventions. Continued development and refinement of bioprinting technologies have the potential to address complex medical needs, enabling the development of functional, transplantable tissues and organs, as well as advanced in vitro tissue models.
Efficient Electroluminescence from Organic Fluorophore‐Containing Perovskite Films
Authors: Matsushima Toshinori , Qin Chuanjiang , Teng Teng , Kamatham Narayanaswamy , Sosa Vargas Lydia , Kreher David , Heinrich Benoit , Ishii Tomohiro , Terakawa Shinobu , Leyden Matthew R. , Sandanayaka Atula S. D. , Bencheikh Fatima , Miyata Kiyoshi , Onda Ken , Kanemitsu Yoshihiko , Mathevet Fabrice , Adachi Chihaya
Published: October 2024

Two‐dimensional perovskites containing an organic fluorophore can be a unique emitter for light‐emitting diodes (LEDs). However, external quantum efficiencies (EQEs) of fluorophore‐containing perovskite LEDs reported thus far are still very low. In this study, these are able to boost the EQE to ≈10% by choosing an organic fluorophore with appropriate energy levels for the perovskite structure organization. In the fluorophore‐containing perovskite LEDs, carrier transport and exciton formation take place in the perovskite's metal halide framework, thereby avoiding the direct formation of nonradiative triplet excitons on the organic fluorophores. Subsequently, the bright triplet excitons formed in the metal halide framework are transferred to form the radiative singlet states of the organic fluorophores, leading to efficient electroluminescence (EL) from the organic fluorophores regularly dispersed inside the perovskite structure. Unexpectedly higher light‐outcoupling efficiency, which is caused by the light scattering in the polycrystalline perovskite layer, will be another reason for efficient EL. These findings will contribute toward the fabrication of LED‐based products with high performance at a low cost.
High‐Efficient Microfluidic Single‐Cell Trapping and Arraying with Absolute Sequential Capture and High Success Rate of Perfect Capture
Authors: Xuanyuan Tingting , Sun Meilin , Zhang Jinwei , Liu Xufang , Yu Danyang , Liu Zeping , Liu Wenming
Published: October 2024

Methodological improvement to single‐cell manipulation is critical for exploring the fundamentals of cellular life and unraveling biological complexity. Although micro‐manipulation technologies capable of precise cell localization have been widely established, scaling existing platforms for highly efficient single‐cell immobilization without sacrificing cell viability and sample quantity has proven challenging. Here, a highly efficient single‐cell trapping and arraying approach is introduced by advancing the performance of a microfluidic mechanical trapping chip. The chip can achieve representative single‐cell capture with over 99% efficiency and at least a 75% success rate of perfect capture, a precisely controlled single‐cell array, absolute sequential cell captures without cell loss, and the maintenance of high cell viability during the whole manipulation process. This approach enables diverse single‐cell trapping, large‐scale arraying manipulations, and dynamic cellular and molecular analysis, and offers a path toward the development of high‐performance single‐cell systems.
Molybdenum‐Catalysed Deoxydehydration: Transforming Linear Aliphatic 1,2‐Diols into Terminal Alkenes
Authors: Peulecke Normen , Sadeghi Mahsa , Tin Sergey
Published: October 2024

Molybdenum catalysts bearing ONO, ON(N)O, ON(O)N and ON(S)O ligands were studied for catalytic deoxydehydration of vicinal diols. The complex bearing N′,N′‐bis(2‐hydroxy‐3,5‐dimethylbenzyl)‐N,N‐dimethylethylenediamine ligand afforded full conversion and up to 97% selectivities towards alkenes, when aliphatic vicinal diols were subjected to the reaction at 5 mol% catalyst loading.
Effect of Defects to Tailor the Structural and Electronic Properties of Zigzag GaN Nanoribbons
Authors: Nemu Ankita , Jaiswal Neeraj K.
Published: October 2024

In the present manuscript, the effect of vacancy and Stone‐Wales defects (SWD) on the structural and electronic properties of zigzag GaN nanoribbons (ZGaNNR) is investigated. Apart from the conventional SWD ( rotation of formula unit), the rotation of formula unit i.e., Ga–N by and is also considered, which revealed remarkable findings. It is observed that the incorporation of considered defects is an exothermic process and the proposed structures are energetically feasible to be obtained. The considered vacancy defects settled in a magnetic ground state while the SWD always prefer a non‐magnetic state. The observed magnetic state is always stable by more than 400 meV compared to the corresponding non‐magnetic state. Furthermore, N‐vacancy defect is energetically preferred over Ga‐vacancy as well as the SWD. The electronic properties of ZGaNNR are highly influenced by the incorporation of vacancy or SWD. A semiconductor to metallic transition for vacancy defects whereas reduction in the bandgap has been witnessed for SWD. A direct to indirect conversion as well as spin polarization was also noticed in the selected geometries. The findings indicate that apart from tailoring the electronic properties, these defects can also be used for the realization of magnetic semiconductors for potential spintronic applications.
Tuning Pair and Higher‐Order Mutual Information Measures in Oscillator Systems with N$N$‐Dependent Frequencies
Authors: Salazar Saúl J.C. , Laguna Humberto G. , Sagar Robin P.
Published: October 2024

Analytical expressions for pair and higher‐order mutual information measures in position and momentum space are examined for many‐particle () coupled oscillator systems in their ground states. These relations reveal that the magnitudes of the statistical correlations monotonically increase with the strength of the particle interaction for all particle numbers (). On the other hand, the magnitudes of the measures monotonically decrease as increases, when the intensities of the one‐ and two‐body potentials are fixed. However, extremal points appear in the measures as is varied, when the intensity of the one‐body potential is ‐dependent, and set at . Fractional values of lead to the appearance of extremal points. These results illustrate how the intensity of the one‐body potential can be used to tune the behavior of the statistical correlation measures in these systems.
A Tunable Transparent Graphene Absorber with Multifrequency Resonance
Authors: Chen Chen , Cui Guang , Yang Jiawei , Zhang Feng , Wang Huihui , Guan Baolu
Published: October 2024

The demand for multinarrowband absorber has attracted increasing interest among researchers in recent years. However, integrating multifrequency absorption, tunability, and high optical transparency into an absorber remains a crucial challenge. In this study, a multiband, tunable, and transparent microwave meta‐absorber is theoretically proposed and experimentally demonstrated. This meta‐absorber is composed of resonant patterns made from graphene and indium tin oxide (ITO), placed on a substrate of lithium niobate (LN). By introducing P‐type doping to reduce the resistance of monolayer graphene to around 300 Ω, the impedance matching of the absorber is promoted, consequently manifesting ten absorption points within 40 GHz. The electric field distribution analysis and an equivalent circuit model are employed to elucidate the physical mechanisms of the multiband absorber. Additionally, the lithium niobate dielectric layer possesses a substantial dielectric constant and exhibits phase transition characteristics with temperature changes. When the temperature increases to 250 °C, a comprehensive tuning range of more than 5.49 GHz within 40 GHz range is realized. The maximum tuning range for a single frequency point is 1.33 GHz. With the broadening of the band, the meta‐absorber can provide multiple tunable ranges, making it more favorable for practical applications in optical modulator and sensor.
Conformal Sodium Deposition Facilitated by Ion Adsorption‐Intercalation Process within Hetero‐Interface for Stable Sodium Metal Batteries
Authors: Wang Lei , Zuo Jinghan , Wang Zixuan , Jin Chunqiao , Chen Qian , Yang Zhilin , Li Bixuan , Zhai Pengbo , Gong Yongji
Published: October 2024

Sodium (Na) metal battery is regarded as one of the most promising candidates for large‐scale energy storage devices, benefiting from the abundant sodium reserves and low cost. However, its practical application is hindered by the dendrite growth and unstable electrode‐electrolyte interface. Herein, a 3D sodiophilic structure composed of a carbon matrix overlaid with g‐C3N4 coating layers (g‐C3N4/3D‐C) is designed to stabilize the Na plating/stripping behavior. The sodiophilicity is endowed by a highly reversible adsorption‐intercalation process at the hetero‐interface, which can guide conformal Na deposition and induce the formation of inorganic‐rich solid‐electrolyte interphases with high structural stability and fast Na‐ion transport. Meanwhile, the 3D scaffold can effectively accommodate Na deposition during Na plating/stripping and depress the dendrite formation. As a result, the half cell assembled with g‐C3N4/3D‐C electrode delivers long‐term cycling performance at 1.0 mA cm−2 with a high Coulombic efficiency of 99.92% for over 2000 cycles and of 99.94% even at 5 mA cm−2, 10 mAh cm−2. The practical feasibility of the g‐C3N4/3D‐C is verified with full cells, which shows favorable rate capability and long‐cycle performance. The sodiophilic hetero‐interface construction strategy proposed in this work sparks new insights for designing high‐performance Na metal anodes.
Soil health benefits of compost persist two decades after single application to winter wheat
Authors: Atoloye Idowu A. , Cappellazzi Shannon B. , Creech J. Earl , Yost Matt , Zhang Wei , Jacobson Astrid R. , Reeve Jennifer R.
Published: October 2024

The effectiveness of frequent compost application in improving soil health is well‐documented. Less is known on the long‐term effects of infrequent compost application to semiarid soils. Compost made of dairy manure and straw bedding was applied once in a dryland organic hard red winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L. emend. Thell.)–fallow system at 50 Mg ha−1 dry wt. in 1994 in a randomized complete block design with three replicates. Twenty‐eight years later, yields in composted plots (1.4 Mg ha−1) remained higher (p < 0.1) than in control plots (0.79 Mg ha−1). Plant‐available P, acid phosphatase activity (ACP), and total N were higher in composted plots by 143%, 37%, and 29%. Soil organic carbon (SOC) and dehydrogenase enzyme activity were greater by 25% and 20% with compost compared to the control, as were aggregate stability determined using SLAKES method, autoclave‐extractable protein, and CO2‐96 h by 143%, 22%, and 16%. Soil extractable K and Zn also increased with compost application. The interaction of ACP and estimated evapotranspiration (ET) emerged as a pivotal factor in explaining the variation in yield. These findings suggest that growers may see some yield improvements from periodic compost applications to dryland organic winter wheat–fallow systems. This strategy could help rebuild SOC and partially counter the challenges of low and variable precipitation.
Expanding the Phenotype of NRROS‐Related SENEBAC Syndrome
Authors: Srinivasan Varunvenkat M. , Gowda Vykuntaraju K. , Markose Annsmol P. , Kinhal Uddhava V. , Pandey Himani
Published: October 2024

Biallelic variants in NRROS are associated with the rare entity of seizures, early‐onset, with neurodegeneration and brain calcification (SENEBAC). Here, we report a novel loss of function variant c.720G>A, p.(Trp240*) in a patient with the clinical presentation of developmental regression, refractory seizures, and intracranial calcification. The notable clinical features included normal early development followed by regression of milestones, dysmorphism, microcephaly, refractory seizures, absent deep tendon reflexes, and hypotonia. Neuroimaging features included cerebral atrophy, thin corpus callosum, and white matter calcifications. The phenotype observed in the current report overlaps strongly with the reported phenotype in literature; however, areflexia and dysmorphic features have not been reported before with this entity. A total of 11 individuals have been reported to date. Here, we present a detailed description of the phenotype in an Indian child, expanding the clinical and molecular spectrum of NRROS‐related syndrome.
d‐Electrons of Platinum Alloy Steering CO Pathway for Low‐Charge Potential Li‐CO2 Batteries
Authors: Liu Limin , Shen Shenyu , Li Jiatian , Zhao Ning , Yin Xiangkai , Zhao Hongyang , Yu Wei , Su Yaqiong , Xia Bao Yu , Ding Shujiang
Published: October 2024

Aprotic Li‐CO2 batteries suffer from sluggish solid‐solid co‐oxidation kinetics of C and Li2CO3, requiring extremely high charging potentials and leading to serious side reactions and poor energy efficiency. Herein, we introduce a novel approach to address these challenges by modulating the reaction pathway with tailored Pt d‐electrons and develop an aprotic Li‐CO2 battery with CO and Li2CO3 as the main discharge products. Note that the gas‐solid co‐oxidation reaction between CO and Li2CO3 is both kinetically and thermodynamically more favorable. Consequently, the Li‐CO2 batteries with CoPt alloy‐supported on nitrogen‐doped carbon nanofiber (CoPt@NCNF) cathode exhibit a charging potential of 2.89 V at 50 μA cm−2, which is the lowest charging potential to date. Moreover, the CoPt@NCNF cathode also shows exceptional cycling stability (218 cycles at 50 μA cm−2) and high energy efficiency up to 74.6 %. Comprehensive experiments and theoretical calculations reveal that the lowered d‐band center of CoPt alloy effectively promotes CO desorption and inhibits further CO reduction to C. This work provides promising insights into developing efficient and CO‐selective Li‐CO2 batteries.
Site‐Selective Construction of N‐Linked Glycopeptides through Photoredox Catalysis
Authors: Wei Bingcheng , Huang Ping , Wang Xinyao , Liu Zhi , Tang Feng , Huang Wei , Liu Bing , Ye Farong , Wang Ping
Published: October 2024

The glycosylation of peptides and proteins can significantly impact their intrinsic properties, such as conformation, stability, antigenicity, and immunogenicity. Current methods for preparing N‐linked glycopeptides typically rely on amide bond formation, which can be limited by the presence of reactive functional groups like acids and amines. Late‐stage functionalization of peptides offers a promising approach to obtaining N‐linked glycopeptides. In this study, we demonstrate the preparation of N‐linked glycopeptides through a photoredox‐catalyzed site‐selective Giese addition between N‐glycosyl oxamic acid and peptides containing dehydroalanine (Dha) under visible light conditions. Unlike traditional methods that rely on the coupling of aspartic acid and glycosylamine, this approach utilizes the conjugation of N‐glycosylated carbamoyl radicals with Dha, facilitating the straightforward modification of complex peptides.
Geochemical and Documentary Topography of a Medieval Silver Valley: Detection of Workshops and Identification of Their Function
Authors: Tomczyk Céline , Bernat Alain , Belmon Jérôme , Larousse Nicolas Minvielle
Published: October 2024

This paper presents the interdisciplinary investigation (archaeology, geochemistry, history) of a medieval silver and lead production site located in southern France, in the Minier valley (Occitanie, Aveyron, Le‐Viala‐du‐Tarn). In order to identify the production sites, in situ geochemical surveys were carried out using a portable X‐ray fluorescence spectrometer and differential GPS, guided on the analysis of medieval archival sources. The cartographic representation of the metal concentrations in the surface horizons shows significant enrichment of zinc and lead in the vicinity of the mines. This first type of enrichment makes it possible to highlight the activities of separation of sphalerite and silver‐bearing galena. The galena thus isolated on the hillsides is then transported to the vicinity of watercourses, where it is crushed, washed, and smelted. These secondary activities result in a last type of enrichment in which only lead is found in large quantities. The cross‐referencing of the information made it possible to overcome the challenges related to the location of the mineral processing workshops, which were often invisible on the surface. The medieval workshops have been located and a function suggested, outlining the first trends in the spatial and social division of labour and providing a solid corpus for future archaeological excavations. Finally, this study highlights the persistence of significant metal contamination in the soils of a rural valley and encourages the consideration of former mining areas when examining the environmental impact of metal production.