bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Atendimento do apoio escolar a uma aluna com deficiência intelectual de uma escola da rede estadual de ensino do município de Curuçá-PA
Authors: Monteiro Iasmin Letícia dos Santos , Silva Ailto Ramos da , Silva Luizete Cordovil Ferreira da , Brígido Heliton Patrick Cordovil
Published: January 2022

O presente estudo objetiva analisar o atendimento do apoio escolar oferecido a uma aluna com deficiência intelectual de uma escola pública estadual do Pará, localizada no município de Curuçá. A discussão teórica está orientada segundo a Constituição Brasileira de 1988, abordando os fundamentos históricos e políticos da Educação Especial e os estudos acerca da Deficiência Intelectual, revelando-se a importância de um sistema escolar inclusivo que tenha um olhar sensível às necessidades desse público no processo de escolarização. Nossa compreensão do assunto é que para uma efetiva implementação da proposta de educação inclusiva, não basta ampliar o acesso do público da educação especial nas escolas comuns, é necessário investir na qualificação docente, em uma equipe multidisciplinar para o atendimento desses alunos, e rever junto aos outros sujeitos envolvidos no processo educacional escolar, práticas de intervenção pedagógica na educação especial. O levantamento dos dados foi realizado com base em observações e aplicação de atividades desenvolvidas com auxílio de recursos pedagógicos adaptados. Destacam-se como resultados da análise, a falta de planejamento de um trabalho docente direcionado as necessidades educacionais da aluna, as contribuições dos recursos pedagógicos adaptados para diminuir as barreiras encontradas no processo de escolarização da aluna e ampliar sua capacidade de aprendizagem, indicando-se avanços tanto no aspecto pedagógico quanto social. Vinculado à abordagem qualitativa, o estudo realizou-se por meio da pesquisa de campo de caráter exploratório em uma escola da zona rural da rede estadual de ensino, localizada em Curuçá-PA.
Women in Marvel Films
Authors: Kent Miriam
Published: January 2022

The concept of identity in superhero narratives has become a burgeoning field in academic studies of this increasingly popular cinematic genre. Women in Marvel Films provides the first rigorous analysis of the portrayals of women, heroic and otherwise, in films based on Marvel comics from the 1980s to the present. It explores the relationships between this cultural phenomenon and wider issues of gender equality, considering the cultural moments in which Marvel films are made and incorporating complex histories of the comic book and Hollywood industries. Highlighting characterisations of women, narratives and cinematic elements such as music and mise-en-scène, and questioning how these elements collectively engage with gendered discourses, the discussion also positions previous iterations of women in Marvel comic book narratives as highly relevant. Women in Marvel Films thereby considers how feminist issues surface within superhero adaptations and how they are dealt with via Hollywood and comic book conventions. This book ultimately shows how the Marvel superhero film taps into political complexities regarding gender and related identity issues, such as women’s roles in society and their relation to men, and provides a fascinating insight into gendered power dynamics in contemporary American popular culture. The films discussed include The Punisher (1989), Blade (1998), the X-Men series (2000–2020), Elektra (2005), and the films of the Marvel Cinematic Universe, including Black Panther (2018) and Captain Marvel (2019).
Modernism and the Choreographic Imagination
Authors: Girdwood Megan
Published: January 2022

Ranging from the late nineteenth to the mid-twentieth century, this book examines literary and choreographic representations of the figure of Salome, the biblical woman who danced for the head of St John the Baptist. The age of modernism witnessed an extraordinary cross-fertilisation of the arts of literature and dance, grounded in a shared appetite for formal experimentation and inter-related ideas about the representational capacities of the performing body. Following her conspicuous revival in the nineteenth-century French Symbolist movement, Salome became a focal point for these recurring interplays between text and performance, inspiring an unprecedented corpus of plays, fictions, paintings, dance performances, and silent films devoted to her ‘dance of the seven veils’. This book considers how Salome’s dancing body, across its numerous modernist iterations, framed critical questions about inter-arts collaboration, influence, aesthetic autonomy, and the porousness of different disciplines, thereby unsettling more traditional views of aesthetic hierarchies and related assumptions about female creative agency. Following salient versions of Salome from fin-de-siècle music halls and avant-garde theatres to the projects of the Ballets Russes, female film pioneers, and modernist playwrights, this book considers canonical authors such as Oscar Wilde, W. B. Yeats, and Samuel Beckett, as well as lesser-known but crucially influential performers, from the modern dancers Loïe Fuller and Maud Allan, to Ida Rubinstein, Alla Nazimova, and Ninette de Valois.
The Fundamental Field
Authors: Malpas Jeff , White Kenneth
Published: January 2022

Originating in a series of conversations between the poet Kenneth White and the philosopher Jeff Malpas that took place over four days at White’s Breton home, The Fundamental Field is made up of two essays: the first is by White on Malpas; the second is by Malpas on White. The volume closes with a set of three new philosophical poems by White. Inspired by poets from John Donne to Hölderlin, and philosophers from Nietzsche to Heidegger, the essays address questions of world, place, narrative, language and politics, from within two constellations of ideas: White’s geopoetics and Malpas’ philosophical topology/topography. Together, and in their separate essays, the poet and philosopher traverse a common field, one in which both poetry and philosophy are founded.
THE ORGANIZATION OF OUTSOURCING OF ACCOUNTING SERVICES IN MODERN BUSINESS CONDITIONS
Authors: Kozlenko Anastasia
Published: January 2022

The purpose of the article is to study the organization of outsourcing of
accounting services in modern business conditions.
The methodology consists in the use of the following methods: method of
observation, methods of analysis and synthesis, classification, monographic method,
method of generalization.
The scientific novelty of the work is to improve the organization of outsourcing of accounting services that would ensure the viability of the enterprise in conditions
of constant change and complexity of economic management systems in which it exists.
Conclusions. The outsourcing of accounting services in Ukraine allows companies to significantly reduce costs; concentrate on the development of the enterprise, without spending time on monitoring the functioning of business processes; receive quality services from a team of specialists in various fields of activity; to use innovative technologies of doing business in the activity of your enterprise. In order to promote the outsourcing of accounting services, especially in terms of salary calculation, it is necessary to establish a relationship of trust between the outsourcing company and enterprises, which will be based on the guaranteed fulfillment of all commitments. Successful practical experience in outsourcing accounting services will not only minimize most of the risks while obtaining such services, especially the risk of loss of internal confidential data, but also will become a conclusive evidence of high efficiency of accounting services. However, in general, the prospects for growth of the market of outsourcing of accounting services in Ukraine are associated with the formation of new realities of the Ukrainian economy, in which the competitiveness and profitability of enterprises will be directly proportional to the efficiency of specific business processes. To expand the market of outsourcing of accounting services in Ukraine, it is necessary to promote the emergence of new business schemes, create new opportunities for domestic enterprises to integrate into the world economy, increase transparency of the entire system of outsourcing of accounting services in Ukraine. Businesses that use the services of outsourcing companies have significant competitive advantages in the cost of products, which provides a breakthrough into the market and gaining a stable market position.
Key words: outsourcing, outsourcing company, accounting services, accounting.
Evaluation and Merit-Based Increase in Academia: A Case Study in the First Person
Authors: Musselin Christine
Published: January 2022

This article provides a reflexive account of the process of defining and implementing a mechanism to evaluate a group of academics in a French higher education institution. The situation is a rather unusual case for France, as the assessed academics are not civil servants but are employed by their university and this evaluation leads to merit-based salary increases. To improve and implement this strategy was one of the author’s tasks, when she was vice-president for research at the institution in this case. The article looks at this experience retrospectively, emphasizing three issues of particular relevance in the context of discussions about valuation studies and management proposed in this symposium: (1) the decision to distinguish between different types of profiles and thus categorize, or to apply the same criteria to all; (2) the concrete forms of commensuration to be developed in order to be able to evaluate and rank individuals from different disciplines; (3) the quantification of qualitative appreciation, i.e. their transformation into merit-based salary increases.
Three-Dimensional Avian Hematopoietic Stem Cell Cultures as a Model for Studying Disease Pathogenesis
Authors: Zmrhal Vladimir , Svoradova Andrea , Batik Andrej , Slama Petr
Published: January 2022

Three-dimensional (3D) cell culture is attracting increasing attention today because it can mimic tissue environments and provide more realistic results than do conventional cell cultures. On the other hand, very little attention has been given to using 3D cell cultures in the field of avian cell biology. Although mimicking the bone marrow niche is a classic challenge of mammalian stem cell research, experiments have never been conducted in poultry on preparing in vitro the bone marrow niche. It is well known, however, that all diseases cause immunosuppression and target immune cells and their development. Hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) reside in the bone marrow and constitute a source for immune cells of lymphoid and myeloid origins. Disease prevention and control in poultry are facing new challenges, such as greater use of alternative breeding systems and expanding production of eggs and chicken meat in developing countries. Moreover, the COVID-19 pandemic will draw greater attention to the importance of disease management in poultry because poultry constitutes a rich source of zoonotic diseases. For these reasons, and because they will lead to a better understanding of disease pathogenesis, in vivo HSC niches for studying disease pathogenesis can be valuable tools for developing more effective disease prevention, diagnosis, and control. The main goal of this review is to summarize knowledge about avian hematopoietic cells, HSC niches, avian immunosuppressive diseases, and isolation of HSC, and the main part of the review is dedicated to using 3D cell cultures and their possible use for studying disease pathogenesis with practical examples. Therefore, this review can serve as a practical guide to support further preparation of 3D avian HSC niches to study the pathogenesis of avian diseases.
Fish Pluripotent Stem-Like Cell Line Induced by Small-Molecule Compounds From Caudal Fin and its Developmental Potentiality
Authors: Xu Wenting , Li Huajin , Peng Liangyue , Pu Liyu , Xiang Sijia , Li Yue , Tao Leiting , Liu Wenbin , Liu Jinhui , Xiao Yamei , Liu Shaojun
Published: January 2022

The technique of induced pluripotent stem cells has significant application value in breeding and preserving the genetic integrity of fish species. However, it is still unclear whether the chemically induced pluripotent stem cells can be induced from non-mammalian cells or not. In this article, we first verify that fibroblasts of fish can be chemically reprogrammed into pluripotent stem cells. These induced pluripotent stem-like cells possess features of colony morphology, expression of pluripotent marker genes, formation of embryoid bodies, teratoma formation, and the potential to differentiate into germ cell-like cells in vitro. Our findings will offer a new way to generate induced pluripotent stem cells in teleost fish and a unique opportunity to breed commercial fish and even save endangered fish species.
New Sesterterpenoids from Salvia mirzayanii Rech.f. and Esfand. Stereochemical Characterization by Computational Electronic Circular Dichroism
Authors: Mirzania Foroogh , Moridi Farimani Mahdi , Sarrafi Yaghoub , Nejad Ebrahimi Samad , Troppmair Jakob , Kwiatkowski Marcel , Stuppner Hermann , Alilou Mostafa
Published: January 2022

Phytochemical investigation on the acetone extract of Salvia mirzayanii Rech. f. and Esfand. aﬀorded seven new isoprenoids including six new sesterterpenoids salvimirzacolide A-F (1–6), and one new nor-diterpenoid (7). Their structures were established by comprehensive spectroscopic and spectrometric data analysis (1D and 2D NMR, HRMS) and DP4+ NMR chemical shift probability calculation technique. Moreover, the absolute conﬁguration of compounds was determined by using electronic circular dichroism spectroscopy. Evaluation of antiproliferative properties of compounds isolated against four human melanoma cancer cells displayed no cytotoxic activity at the concentration range used.
Efficient Sorption of Arsenic on Nanostructured Fe-Cu Binary Oxides: Influence of Structure and Crystallinity
Authors: Zhang Gaosheng , Wu Zhijing , Qiu Qianying , Wang Yuqi
Published: January 2022

To study the structure-performance relationship, a series of nanostructured Fe-Cu binary oxides (FCBOs) were prepared by varying synthesis conditions. The obtained binary oxides were well characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscope (TEM), Brunner-Emmet-Teller (BET), magnetic and Zeta potential measurement techniques. Both As(V) and As(III) sorption on the FCBOs were evaluated by batch tests. Results show that the surface structure and crystallinity of FCBOs are greatly dependent on preparation conditions. The crystallinity of FCBOs gradually increases as the synthesis pH value increasing from 9.0 to 13.0, from amorphous phase to well-crystalline one. Simultaneously, the morphology change of FCBOs from irregular agglomerate to relatively uniform polyhedron has been observed. The sorption of arsenic is greatly influenced by the crystallinity and structure of FCBOs, decreasing with increasing degree of crystallinity. The amorphous FCBO has higher surface hydroxyl density than well-crystalline one, which might be the reason of higher sorption performance. As(V) is sorbed by the FCBOs via formation of inner-sphere surface complexes and As(III) is sorbed through formation of both inner- and outer-sphere surface complexes. This investigation provides new insights into structure-performance relationship of the FCBO system, which are beneficial to develop new and efficient sorbents.
Myocardial Injury in Multiple Myeloma Patients With Preserved Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction: Noninvasive Left Ventricular Pressure-Strain Myocardial Work
Authors: Liu Zhiyue , Zhang Li , Liu Mei , Wang Fang , Xiong Yanqiu , Tang Zhuoqin , Li Qian , Lu Qiuchen , Liang Shichu , Niu Ting , Huang He
Published: January 2022

Introduction

Over one-half of patients with multiple myeloma (MM) die of heart failure or arrhythmia. Left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) is used to describe left ventricular systolic function. However, depressed LVEF means advanced stage of left ventricular dysfunction in patients with MM. Left ventricular pressure-strain-derived myocardial work (LVMW) is a novel and noninvasive method for evaluating LV function related to LV dynamic pressure load. MW is assessed by LV MW index (LVMWI), constructive work, wasted work, and LV MW efficiency (LVMWE). In this study, we aimed to investigate the value of LVMW in cardiac function assessment and clinical prognosis of MM patients with preserved LVEF.

Methods

A total of 72 subjects, including 40 untreated MM patients with preserved EF (including the thick wall and normal wall groups) and 32 non-MM patients, were enrolled in this study. Laboratory data and clinical history of all the patients were collected. All the patients underwent comprehensive echocardiographic examinations and then LVMWI and LVMWE were calculated. Moreover, cardiac adverse events (CAEs) were observed in MM patients treated with bortezomib-based therapy after 6 months and the prognostic value of MW was assessed.

Results

(1) LV myocardial global work index (GWI), myocardial global work efficiency (GWE), and global longitudinal strain (GLS) were lower in the thick wall group of patients with MM compared with the normal wall group and controls. Cardiac segmental analysis of LVMWI in patients with MM showed an apical sparing pattern; (2) The area under the curve (AUC) of GWE for judging the disease severity based on the Revised International Staging System (R-ISS) was 0.835 (95% CI: 0.684–0.933, p < 0.05); (3) GWE, LgdFLC, and arrhythmia were independent risk factors of CAEs. The AUC of GWE for predicting CAEs in MM patients treated with bortezomib-based therapy for 6 months follow-up was 0.896 (95% CI: 0.758–0.970, p < 0.05).

Conclusion

MM Patients with preserved EF had subclinical LV systolic dysfunction, which was worse in the thick wall group. LVMWI was presented as “apical sparing” in patients with MM. A lower LVGWE may have a predictive value for CAEs in patients with MM after 6 months of follow-up.
Sustainable Hunting Strategy of Sika Deer (Cervus nippon) in the Neolithic Lower Yangtze River Region, China
Authors: Zhang Ying , Sun Guoping , Wang Yonglei , Huang Yunping , Kikuchi Hiroki , Yang Xiaoyan
Published: January 2022

Zooarchaeology studies the human-animal interactions over long periods, and can be used to evaluate the sustainable exploitation of animal resources. Sika deer (Cervus nippon), a National Class Ⅰ protected wild animal species of China, used to be commonly found at Neolithic sites across China. In the Yangtze River region, although the Neolithic faunal assemblages show diversity in deer species, sika deer has always been one of the most important components. This research aims at discussing the exploitation of the environmental resources via the hunting strategy of sika deer at Tianluoshan, a Neolithic site in the lower Yangtze River region. The cull pattern and sex ratio of sika deer are reconstructed to display the pattern of prey selection. The results show a specific pattern targeting larger individuals including adults and juveniles, and targeting male over female. This pattern is able to maximize the yield, and keep the deer population sustainable. The sustainable hunting of sika deer probably is why the Tianluoshan site lasted for nearly a thousand years, during which sika deer had been a major prey for meat.
Effects of Overweight/Obesity on Motor Performance in Children: A Systematic Review
Authors: Barros Waleska Maria Almeida , Silva Karollainy Gomes da , Silva Roberta Karlize Pereira , Souza Ana Patrícia da Silva , Silva Ana Beatriz Januário da , Silva Mariluce Rodrigues Marques , Fernandes Matheus Santos de Sousa , Souza Sandra Lopes de , Souza Viviane de Oliveira Nogueira
Published: January 2022

Childhood obesity is a serious public health problem. Childhood obesity and overweight are associated with the appearance of coordination deficit disorder and can cause impaired motor performance. We searched online databases for all related articles using comprehensive international databases from the Medline PubMed Institute, Web of Science, ScienceDirect, SCOPUS, and PsycINFO up to December 20, 2020. Overall, 33 studies were included in this systematic review. The present review demonstrated that children with higher percentage of body fat had lower levels of moderate to vigorous physical activity, as well as decreased levels of gross motor coordination, as shown by tests for neuromuscular performance. These results corroborate the hypothesis that overweight and obesity in children and adolescents are associated, not only with insufficient performance during gross motor coordination activities, but also with a greater risk to physical health.

Systematic Review Registration

[https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/], identifier [CRD42020182935].
Functional Responses of Bird Assemblages to Land-Use Change in the Colombian Llanos Region
Authors: Rincon-Parra Victor Julio , Echeverry-Galvis María Angela , Alvarez Silvia J.
Published: January 2022

Land-use change in the Colombian Llanos due to agro-industrial expansion affects biodiversity. This change alters species occurrence probability, consequently impacting species’ composition. For some species, the occurence probability increases with land-use changes, while it stays unchanged or decreases for others. This interspecific variation in the response to land-use change may be mediated by functional traits, among other factors. We investigated response functional traits to land-use changes and their influence on the occurrence probability of bird species in the Colombian Orinoquia region. We compiled data for 13 morphological and life-history traits of 364 species recorded in forests, savannas, rice fields, palm oil crops, and livestock pastures in the piedmont and flooded savanna landscapes. We used a novel framework to identify response functional traits (i.e., traits with a significant effect on occurrence probability) through multiple statistical tests. We used random forest models to identify response functional traits to land-use change for pairwise comparisons of natural vs. agricultural land use types. For the functional traits, we estimated the influence of their states as trait attributes on species’ responses to land-use changes. We identified functional groups based on hierarchical clustering analysis. Functional groups corresponded to different levels of response, that is, different changes in probability occurrence. Land-use changes altered the multidimensional space of bird traits (i.e., functional diversity), implying modifications in species' composition, functional redundancy, and functional group turnover. Functional traits were similar for random forest classifications of the same natural cover but differed among landscapes. In the piedmont forests, social behavior—migratory status—was a functional trait combination common to all classifications, while foraging behavior-nest location trait combination was common to all forests scenarios in flooded savannas landscape classifications. Migratory status was a functional trait for all savanna classifications. Functional groups described the impacts of land-use changes on bird assemblages. Identification and characterization of these groups using trait attributes can help predict species' responses to land-use changes and guide conservation efforts toward groups with decreased occurrence probability, including recommendations for agricultural practices that can reduce impacts on the Orinoquia biodiversity.
Acetate Improves the Killing of Streptococcus pneumoniae by Alveolar Macrophages via NLRP3 Inflammasome and Glycolysis-HIF-1α Axis
Authors: Machado Marina Gomes , Patente Thiago Andrade , Rouillé Yves , Heumel Severine , Melo Eliza Mathias , Deruyter Lucie , Pourcet Benoit , Sencio Valentin , Teixeira Mauro Martins , Trottein François
Published: January 2022

Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) are metabolites produced mainly by the gut microbiota with a known role in immune regulation. Acetate, the major SCFA, is described to disseminate to distal organs such as lungs where it can arm sentinel cells, including alveolar macrophages, to fight against bacterial intruders. In the current study, we explored mechanisms through which acetate boosts macrophages to enhance their bactericidal activity. RNA sequencing analyses show that acetate triggers a transcriptomic program in macrophages evoking changes in metabolic process and immune effector outputs, including nitric oxide (NO) production. In addition, acetate enhances the killing activity of macrophages towards Streptococcus pneumoniae in an NO-dependent manner. Mechanistically, acetate improves IL-1β production by bacteria-conditioned macrophages and the latter acts in an autocrine manner to promote NO production. Strikingly, acetate-triggered IL-1β production was neither dependent of its cell surface receptor free-fatty acid receptor 2, nor of the enzymes responsible for its metabolism, namely acetyl-CoA synthetases 1 and 2. We found that IL-1β production by acetate relies on NLRP3 inflammasome and activation of HIF-1α, the latter being triggered by enhanced glycolysis. In conclusion, we unravel a new mechanism through which acetate reinforces the bactericidal activity of alveolar macrophages.
Changes in Mid-Depth Water Mass Ventilation in the Japan Sea Deduced From Long-Term Spatiotemporal Variations of Warming Trends
Authors: Senjyu Tomoharu
Published: January 2022

The influence of global warming on mid-depth water mass ventilation in the Japan Sea was investigated using both Argo-based and ship-based hydrographic datasets. The Argo-based dataset of the entire Japan Sea area revealed a warming trend during the past two decades in the upper portion of the Japan Sea Proper Water (UJSPW), which lies at intermediate depths from just under the main thermocline to approximately 1000 m. The warming rates in the southern Japan Sea are generally greater than those in the northern sea by a factor of 2–3. Long-term hydrographic data obtained over the last five decades in the northeast and southeast of the sea revealed that higher warming rates in the southern sea began from 2008, although a significant warming in both northern and southern seas was initiated from the late 1980s. A stagnation in the UJSPW formation from the late 1980s was suggested by a positive shift in the winter sea surface temperature in its formation region and a decreasing trend in dissolved oxygen concentration during the 1990s. In addition, a vertical multi-box model demonstrated that an imbalance between the heating from the upper layer and the cold water supply from its source region induces a warming in the UJSPW. We conclude that a significant change in the mid-depth water mass ventilation occurred in the entire Japan Sea in the late 1980s due to a stagnation in the UJSPW formation. Subsequently, a modest event in the mid-depth water mass ventilation have occurred since 2008. The higher warming rates in the southern sea than those in the northern sea in the event suggest a reduction in cold UJSPW supply to the southern sea from its formation region.
Total Parenteral Nutrition Treatment Improves the Nutrition Status of Gynecological Cancer Patients by Improving Serum Albumin Level
Authors: Yan Xin , Zhang Sanyuan , Jia Junmei , Yang Jiaolin , Song Yilai , Duan Haoran
Published: January 2022

Background

Malnutrition is often observed in gynecological cancer patients, however its prevalence in these patients remains largely unexplored. Total parenteral nutrition (TPN) is a nutritional intervention method that has controversial treatment outcome on gynecological cancer patients. The present retrospective study is designed to evaluate the nutrition status and TPN treatment outcome on patients diagnosed with endometrial, cervical or ovarian malignant tumors.

Methods

Medical records of a total of 263 patients treated at the First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, China were included. Nutrition status was assessed by patient-generated subjective global assessment (PG-SGA). Patients were grouped based on nutrition status, cancer type or treatment strategy for clinical characteristic comparison. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to identify predictors for malnutrition status and hospital stay duration.

Results

Presence of endometrial and cervical cancer, body weight before nutritional intervention and serum albumin level (P < 0.001 for all) were found to be significant predictors for malnutrition status in gynecological cancer patients. In the malnourished patients, those who were treated with TPN had significantly lower serum albumin levels before and after treatment (P < 0.001) and PG-SGA scores after treatment. Also, TPN treatment could significantly increase the serum albumin levels in these patients after 1 week. In addition, shorter hospitalization period was needed for TPN-treated endometrial (P = 0.019) and ovarian (P < 0.001) patients. Moreover, serum albumin levels (P < 0.001), use of TPN treatment (P = 0.025) and nutrition status (P = 0.010) were identified to be independent predictors for hospital stay duration.

Conclusion

Our results suggest that malnutrition is a significant clinical manifestation in gynecological cancer patients who may benefit from TPN treatment for reduced hospitalization and improved serum albumin levels.
Multiple One-Way Edge Modes in Sonic Crystals With Large Chern Numbers
Authors: Zhao Han , Zhang Tian , Zhang Xiujuan , Lu Ming-Hui , Chen Yan-Feng
Published: January 2022

The quantum Hall effect (QHE) associated with Chern insulators reveals the non-trivial topological properties of two-dimensional electronic systems subject to strong magnetic field, which features finite Chern number C and chiral edge states. The latter promise robust electron transport and have received tremendous attention in both the condensed matter physics and classical systems including photonics and acoustics. In acoustics, circulating air flow has been introduced to create an effective gauge magnetic field, which breaks the time-reversal symmetry and leads to chiral edge states for acoustic waves. While the robust edge states may offer possible routes towards acoustic devices yielding unidirectional sound propagation, e.g., acoustic diodes, the mode density at the interfaces is limited by small Chern numbers of ±1. Here, we realize acoustic Chern insulators with large Chern numbers, i.e., |C|≥ 1 (|C| = 1, 2, 3, 4). The system is based on circulating air flow in a sonic crystal (SC) with fourfold rotational symmetry. The large Chern numbers are obtained by breaking multiple accidental degeneracies at (non-)high-symmetric points. Based on these Chern insulators, acoustic diodes are realized by joining structures of different Chern numbers. Up to eight propagation modes are supported on the interfaces, greatly improving the mode density and hence the propagation efficiency. Our design offers possible routes towards high-efficient and topologically robust acoustic diodes, which may further inspire acoustic non-reciprocal devices based on topological Chern insulators. Experimentally, our proposals can be realized based on angular-momentum-biased resonator arrays.
The Mediating Effect of Depression on the Relation Between Interpersonal Needs and Suicidal Ideation Among Chinese Transgender Women
Authors: Chang Ruijie , Zeng Chengbo , Qiao Shan , Wang Huwen , Xu Chen , Yu Xiaoyue , Ma Tiecheng , Wang Ying , Li Xiaoming , Cai Yong
Published: January 2022

Background

Transgender women are at high risk of depression and suicidal ideation. The interpersonal theory of suicide proposes that suicidal ideation could be a consequence of high interpersonal needs (thwarted belongingness and perceived burdensomeness). The current study tests this theory and investigates whether depression could mediate the relationship between interpersonal needs and suicidal ideation among transgender women in Shenyang, China.

Methods

A total of 198 transgender women were recruited by snowball sampling. A cross-sectional study was conducted through a structured questionnaire. Suicidal ideation, depression, and interpersonal needs were assessed. Path analysis was used to carry out the research goals and the mediating effect of depression was tested.

Results

There were nearly 37% of the participants reported lifetime suicidal ideation. Suicidal ideation was positively correlated with thwarted belongingness (t = −5.53, p < 0.01) and perceived burdensomeness (t = −5.02, p < 0.01). The direct effect from thwarted belongingness to suicidal ideation via depression was statistically significant (Std. β = 0.232, p < 0.01). Depression could also mediate the indirect path from perceived burdensomeness to suicidal ideation through depression (Std. β = 0.222, p < 0.01) although the direct path between them was not significant (Std. β = 0.046, p = 0.693).

Conclusions

Depression fully mediated the relationship between perceived burdensomeness and suicidal ideation, and partially mediate the relationship between thwarted belongingness and suicidal ideation. To reduce the risk of suicidal ideation among transgender women, interventions targeting thwarted belongingness, perceived burdensomeness, and depression are needed.
Negative Life Events, Social Ties, and Depressive Symptoms for Older Adults in China
Authors: Ruan Hangqing , Shen Ke , Chen Feinian
Published: January 2022

Although it is widely acknowledged that older adults who have gone through negative life events are more likely to develop depression, there is limited evidence on whether and which type of social ties moderate this perceived relationship. Based on 2016 and 2018 waves of Chinese Longitudinal Aging Social Survey (4,466 individuals, 8,932 observations), we apply linear fixed effects models and confirm that negative life events are associated with depressive symptoms for older adults (Coef. = 0.35; 95% CIs 0.11–0.61), and social ties are negatively associated with depression (Coef. = −0.08; 95% CIs −0.10 to −0.07). Our study further suggests that the association between negative life events and depressive symptoms is significantly moderated by friendship ties (Coef. = −0.18, 95% CIs −0.30 to −0.07), rather than family ties (Coef. = −0.03, 95% CIs −0.09 to 0.15). Moreover, the buffering effects of friendship ties are more prominent for the less resilient and less privileged groups, namely male, rural, and less educated older adults. Our findings point to the importance of expanding and strengthening social networks for Chinese older adults in promoting their psychological health.
Cytomegalovirus Exposure and the Risk of Overall Infection After Kidney Transplantation: A Cohort Study on the Indirect Effects Attributable to Viral Replication
Authors: Rodríguez-Goncer Isabel , Ruiz-Ruigómez María , López-Medrano Francisco , Trujillo Hernando , González Esther , Polanco Natalia , Gutiérrez Eduardo , San Juan Rafael , Corbella Laura , Ruiz-Merlo Tamara , Parra Patricia , Folgueira María Dolores , Andrés Amado , Aguado José María , Fernández-Ruiz Mario
Published: January 2022

Previous reports hypothesized that cytomegalovirus (CMV) may predispose to non-CMV infection after kidney transplantation (KT). We analysed the incidence of non-CMV infection (overall, bacterial and opportunistic) in 291 KT recipients according to the previous development of any level or high-level (≥1,000 IU/ml) CMV viremia. Exposure to CMV replication was assessed throughout fixed intervals covering first the 30, 90, 180 and 360 post-transplant days (cumulative exposure) and non-overlapping preceding periods (recent exposure). Adjusted Cox models were constructed for each landmark analysis. Overall, 67.7 and 50.5% patients experienced non-CMV and CMV infection, respectively. Patients with cumulative CMV exposure had higher incidence of non-CMV infection beyond days 30 (p-value = 0.002) and 90 (p-value = 0.068), although these associations did not remain after multivariable adjustment. No significant associations were observed for the remaining landmark models (including those based on high-level viremia or recent CMV exposure), or when bacterial and opportunistic infection were separately analysed. There were no differences in viral kinetics (peak CMV viremia and area under curve of CMV viral load) either. Our findings do not support the existence of an independent association between previous CMV exposure and the overall risk of post-transplant infection, although results might be affected by power limitations.
Controlled Release in Hydrogels Using DNA Nanotechnology
Authors: Hu Chih-Hsiang , Veneziano Remi
Published: January 2022

Gelatin is a biopolymer widely used to synthesize hydrogels for biomedical applications, such as tissue engineering and bioinks for 3D bioprinting. However, as with other biopolymer-based hydrogels, gelatin-hydrogels do not allow precise temporal control of the biomolecule distribution to mimic biological signals involved in biological mechanisms. Leveraging DNA nanotechnology tools to develop a responsive controlled release system via strand displacement has demonstrated the ability to encode logic process, which would enable a more sophisticated design for controlled release. However, this unique and dynamic system has not yet been incorporated within any hydrogels to create a complete release circuit mechanism that closely resembles the sequential distribution of biomolecules observed in the native environment. Here, we designed and synthesized versatile multi-arm DNA motifs that can be easily conjugated within a gelatin hydrogel via click chemistry to incorporate a strand displacement circuit. After validating the incorporation and showing the increased stability of DNA motifs against degradation once embedded in the hydrogel, we demonstrated the ability of our system to release multiple model cargos with temporal specificity by the addition of the trigger strands specific to each cargo. Additionally, we were able to modulate the rate and quantity of cargo release by tuning the sequence of the trigger strands.
A Novel Genospecies of Borrelia burgdorferi Sensu Lato Associated with Cricetid Rodents in Brazil
Authors: Weck Bárbara C. , Serpa Maria Carolina A. , Labruna Marcelo B. , Muñoz-Leal Sebastián
Published: January 2022

Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato (Bbsl) spirochetes thrive in sylvatic transmission cycles infecting vertebrates and their ticks. Rodents and ticks of the genus Ixodes are important hosts of these spirochetes globally. Although evidence suggests that Borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto does not exist in South America, genospecies of the group (Bbsl) can be found in this region but have been poorly characterized from a genetic viewpoint, and data on their ecoepidemiology are still incipient. Aiming to detect the natural foci of Borrelia in Brazil, we targeted small mammals inhabiting seven forests fragments during a period of three years (2015–2018). Organs (lung) from two Oligoryzomys rodents over a total of 382 sampled mammals were positive, and we performed a molecular characterization of 10 borrelial genes to achieve a robust analysis. Phylogenetic trees inferred from 16S rRNA, flaB, ospC, and seven MLST loci (clpA, nifS, pepX, pyrG, recG, rlpB, and uvrA) support the characterization of a novel genospecies of Bbsl that we herein name “Candidatus Borrelia paulista” Rp42. Remarkably, “Ca. B. paulista” is phylogenetically related to Borrelia carolinensis, a genospecies that infects Ixodes ticks and cricetid rodents in North America. A previous study performed in the same area identified Ixodes schulzei feeding on Oligoryzomys rodents. Although this tick species could be considered a probable host for this novel Borrelia sp., further research is needed to confirm this hypothesis.
Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Imaging Pattern in Campylobacter jejuni-related Myocarditis
Authors: Belfeki Nabil , Zayet Souheil , Yassin Mohannad , Alloujami Mazen , Lefoulon Audrey , Pezel Théo , Garot Jerôme , Moini Cyrus
Published: January 2022

Background: Campylobacter jejuni (C. jejuni) is a common cause of mostly self-limiting enterocolitis. Although rare, myocarditis has been increasingly documented as a complication following campylobacteriosis. Such cases have occurred predominantly in younger males and involved a single causative species, namely C. jejuni. Case report: We report herein a case of myocarditis complicating gastroenteritis in a 23-year-old immunocompetent patient, caused by this bacterium with a favorable outcome. Cardiac magnetic resonance imagining was useful in establishing an early diagnosis. Conclusions: Myocarditis should be considered in younger patients presenting with chest pain and plasmatic troponin elevations. The occurrence of myocarditis complicating C. jejuni is reviewed.
Screening of Antimicrobial Activities and Lipopeptide Production of Endophytic Bacteria Isolated from Vetiver Roots
Authors: Munakata Yuka , Heuson Egon , Daboudet Théo , Deracinois Barbara , Duban Matthieu , Hehn Alain , Coutte François , Slezack-Deschaumes Sophie
Published: January 2022

The exploration of certain microbial resources such as beneficial endophytic microorganisms is considered a promising strategy for the discovery of new antimicrobial compounds for the pharmaceutical industries and agriculture. Thirty-one endophytic bacterial strains affiliated with Bacillus, Janthinobacterium, Yokenella, Enterobacter, Pseudomonas, Serratia, and Microbacterium were previously isolated from vetiver (Chrysopogon zizanioides (L.) Roberty) roots. These endophytes showed antifungal activity against Fusarium graminearum and could be a source of antimicrobial metabolites. In this study, in particular, using high-throughput screening, we analyzed their antagonistic activities and those of their cell-free culture supernatants against three species of Fusarium plant pathogens, a bacterial strain of Escherichia coli, and a yeast strain of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, as well as their capacity to produce lipopeptides. The results showed that the culture supernatants of four strains close to B. subtilis species exhibited antimicrobial activities against Fusarium species and E. coli. Using mass spectrometry analyses, we identified two groups of lipopeptides (surfactins and plipastatins) in their culture supernatants. Whole-genome sequencing confirmed that these bacteria possess NRPS gene clusters for surfactin and plipastatin. In vitro tests confirmed the inhibitory effect of plipastatin alone or in combination with surfactin against the three Fusarium species.
Probable Mechanisms of Doxorubicin Antitumor Activity Enhancement by Ginsenoside Rh2
Authors: Popov Alexander , Klimovich Anna , Styshova Olga , Tsybulsky Alexander , Hushpulian Dmitry , Osipyants Andrey , Khristichenko Anna , Kazakov Sergey , Ahuja Manuj , Kaidery Navneet , Thomas Bobby , Tishkov Vladimir , Brown Abraham , Gazaryan Irina , Poloznikov Andrey
Published: January 2022

Ginsenoside Rh2 increases the efficacy of doxorubicin (DOX) treatment in murine models of solid and ascites Ehrlich’s adenocarcinoma. In a solid tumor model (treatment commencing 7 days after inoculation), DOX + Rh2 co-treatment was significantly more efficacious than DOX alone. If treatment was started 24 h after inoculation, the inhibition of tumor growth of a solid tumor for the DOX + Rh2 co-treatment group was complete. Furthermore, survival in the ascites model was dramatically higher for the DOX + Rh2 co-treatment group than for DOX alone. Mechanisms underlying the combined DOX and Rh2 effects were studied in primary Ehrlich’s adenocarcinoma-derived cells and healthy mice’s splenocytes. Despite the previously established Rh2 pro-oxidant activity, DOX + Rh2 co-treatment revealed no increase in ROS compared to DOX treatment alone. However, DOX + Rh2 treatment was more effective in suppressing Ehrlich adenocarcinoma cell adhesion than either treatment alone. We hypothesize that the benefits of DOX + Rh2 combination treatment are due to the suppression of tumor cell attachment/invasion that might be effective in preventing metastatic spread of tumor cells. Ginsenoside Rh2 was found to be a modest activator in a Neh2-luc reporter assay, suggesting that Rh2 can activate the Nrf2-driven antioxidant program. Rh2-induced direct activation of Nrf2 might provide additional benefits by minimizing DOX toxicity towards non-cancerous cells.
Glycerol Valorization towards a Benzoxazine Derivative through a Milling and Microwave Sequential Strategy
Authors: Torres-Pastor Miguel Ángel , Espro Claudia , Selva Maurizio , Perosa Alvise , Romero Reyes Antonio A. , Osman Sameh M. , Luque Rafael , Rodríguez-Padrón Daily
Published: January 2022

Glycerol and aminophenol intermolecular condensation has been investigated through a milling and microwave-assisted sequential strategy, towards the synthesis of a benzoxaxine derivative. Mechanochemical activation prior to the microwave-assisted process could improve the probability of contact between the reagents, and greatly favors the higher conversion of aminophenol. At the same time, following a mechanochemical–microwave sequential approach could tune the selectivity towards the formation of a benzoxazine derivative, which could find application in a wide range of biomedical areas.
Insecticidal Activity of Extracts, Fractions, and Pure Molecules of Cissampelos pareira Linnaeus against Aphid, Aphis craccivora Koch
Authors: Kumari Surekha , Dolma Shudh Kirti , Anmol  , Sharma Upendra , Reddy S. G. Eswara
Published: January 2022

Aphis craccivora Koch is a polyphagous and major pest of leguminous crops causing significant damage by reducing the yield. Repeated application of synthetic insecticides for the control of aphids has led to development of resistance. Therefore, the present study aimed to screen the insecticidal activity of root/stem extracts/fractions, and pure molecules from Cissampelos pareira Linnaeus against A. craccivora for identification of lead(s). Among root extract/fractions, the n-hexane fraction was found most effective (LC50 = 1828.19 mg/L) against A. craccivora, followed by parent extract (LC50 = 2211.54 mg/L). Among stem extract/fractions, the n-hexane fraction (LC50 = 1246.92 mg/L) was more effective than the water and n-butanol fractions. Based on GC and GC-MS analysis, among different compounds identified in the n-hexane fraction of root and stem, ethyl palmitate (known to possess insecticidal activity) was present in the highest concentration (24.94 to 52.95%) in both the fractions. Among pure molecules, pareirarineformate was found most effective (LC50 = 1491.93 mg/L) against A. craccivora, followed by cissamine (LC50 = 1556.31 mg/L). Parent extract and fractions of C. pareira possess promising activity against aphid. Further, field bio-efficacy studies are necessary to validate the current findings for the development of botanical formulation.