bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pelatihan UMKM Online Untuk Ketahanan Ekonomi di Masa Pandemi Covid 19
Authors: Dharmalau Andy , Putra Dhila Franzely Dhimas
Published: January 2022

Pada tanggal 2 Maret Tahun 2020, pemerintah mengumumkan ada dua kasus pasien positif Covid-19 di Indonesia, sebagai awal pandemi covid di Indonesia. Berbagai tindakan telah diambil oleh pemerintah untuk mengendalikan penyebaran Covid 19. Salah satunya adalah pembatasan sosial berskala besar bagi masyarakat. Berdasarkan data dari media bahwa laju pertumbuhan ekonomi Indonesia terjun bebas di tahun 2020. Pemerintah menyebutkan penyebabnya adalah adanya pembatasan sosial berskala besar. Diperlukan peran serta pemerintah, akademisi dan masyarakat untuk bersama sama membangkitkan ekonomi. Salah satu kegiatan ekonomi yang dilakukan adalah pengembangan Usaha Mikro, Kecil dan Menengah. Untuk menggerakan usaha usaha UMKM ini diperlukan pemicu, wawasan dan motivasi dalam pengembangannnya. Tujuan dari kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini adalah memberikan seminar dan pelatihan bagi mahasiswa, masyarakat umum dan para UMKM tentang wawasan dan implementasi dari bisnis online. Pelatihan dilakukan secara online dan tatap muka dengan para mahasiswa dan pelaku UMKM dapat diterima dengan baik dan penuh antusias dari peserta, meski dilakukan dalam waktu yang terbatas.
Pelatihan Manajemen Keuangan Berbasis Digital pada UMKM Kota Tasikmalaya
Authors: Maesaroh Syti Sarah , Nuryadin Asep , Prasetyo Yogi , Swardana Ardli
Published: January 2022

Program Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat ini dilaksanakan dengan mitra UMKM Kota Tasikmalaya. Program ini bertujuan untuk membantu meningkatkan efektifitas pengelolaan dari aspek manajemen keuangan UMKM. Permasalahan yang dihadapi UMKM yaitu belum adanya pengelolaan keuangan secara profesional. Target khusus yang ingin dicapai yaitu adanya penambahan wawasan, ilmu pengetahuan, penggunaan teknologi, serta keterampilan dalam mengembangkan usaha yang dijalankan. Metode yang dilakukan untuk mencapai target tersebut yaitu melalui pelatihan dan pendampingan kepada mitra. Aspek manajemen yang diberikan yaitu adanya literasi manajemen keuangan UMKM. Melalui pelatihan ini, UMKM mengetahui cara mencatat transaksi dan membuat laporan keuangan dengan mudah. Informasi keuangan tersebut digunakan untuk mengetahui posisi keuangan secara detail, membantu mitra dalam memperkirakan potensi keuntungan, serta menentukan kebijakan terkait aspek keuangan. Digitalisasi ini dibutuhkan untuk meningkatkan daya saing UMKM di tengah persaingan saat ini.
Edukasi Penerapan Gizi Seimbang dan Aman untuk Menjaga Daya Tahan Tubuh
Authors: Sa'pang Mertien , Swamilaksita Prita Dhyani , Harna Harna , Kusumaningtiar Devi Angelina , Pakpahan Elisabeth Lasmaida , Sawitri Titis Retno
Published: January 2022

Peningkaan kasus COVID-19 di Indonesia terutama untuk wilayah Jabodetabek menjadi perhatian khusus untuk dilakukannya upaya pencegahan penularan COVID-19. Salah satunya adalah meningkatkan imunitas tubuh dengan konsumsi gizi seimbang dan aman. Seiring berkembangnya pandemi COVID-19, masyarakat semakin sulit untuk menjaga kualitas makanan terutama pada sektor rumah tangga, karena kurangnya pengetahuan masyarakat terkait bahan pangan berkualitas, keamanan pangan dan juga keterbatasan ekonomi. Oleh karena itu kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk memberikan edukasi cara penerapan gizi seimbang dan aman untuk keluarga. Rangkaian kegiatan abdimas ini berlangsung sejak bulan Juni 2021 dimulai dengan tahap persiapan yang meliputi kegiatan koordinasi dengan mitra hingga kegiatan utama. Kegiatan utama abdimas yaitu pemberian edukasi penerapan gizi seimbang dan aman secara tatap muka di Kantor Kecamatan Tanah Sareal pada tanggal 01 Oktober 2021. Peserta kegiatan ini adalah perwakilan PKK setiap kelurahan di Tanah Sareal sebanyak 26 orang. Kegiatan berlangsung dengan baik dan diharapkan dapat menambah pemahaman peserta terkait pedoman gizi seimbang dan keamanan pangan.
Effect of Crypto Indexes on Crypto Currencies: Relationship between HODL Index and Bitcoin
Authors: Sönmezer Sıtkı , Gencer Çelik Gülşah
Published: January 2022

Crypto Indexes are spreading and increasing in numbers recently. HODL is an index reflecting 75% of changes in the crypto market. Investors who aim to have exposure to crypto market may invest in these indexes. Volume of the HODL is found to be statistically significant on HODL return. İt shows that volume triggers demand for this Index. VIX and volume of HODL are both found to have a negative effect (95%) and (90%), respectively on BTC returns. VIX is found to have a positive effect (95%) but HODL volume has a negative effect (95%) on BTC Volume. This study also aims to discuss crypto currency investment rationale and the risks embedded in these investments. The future of tokens and coins is addressed with the related literature. Crypto currencies as an asset class may be an alternative for investors; the robustness of such an option is challanged in this study.
An Empirical Analysis of the Relationship between Economic Complexity and Environmental Deterioration in N-11 Countries
Authors: Algan Neşe , Bal Harun , Manga Müge
Published: January 2022

The economic complexity index, which is one of the essential elements of economic development, is a concept that means the competitiveness, development, knowledge, and competence structure of the exported products. The current literature generally stated that the increase in the economic complexity index supports sustainable growth. However, the impact of changes in the economic complexity index on environmental damage is neglected in many studies. Accordingly, in the present study, it is analyzed the impact of the economic complexity index on the environmental degradation for the N-11 countries (Bangladesh, Indonesia, Philippines, South Korea, Iran, Mexico, Egypt, Nigeria, Pakistan, Turkey, and Vietnam) between 1990 and 2014. Carbon emission is used as an indicator of environmental degradation. Besides, the renewable and non-renewable (fossil) energy use and the total population are included to the established model as control variables. According to the panel ARDL/PMG findings, the economic complexity index, non-renewable energy use, and total population increase carbon emissions, whereas the renewable energy use decreases. This situation shows that the economic complexity level in N-11 countries has insufficient level to reduce environmental degradation in given years.
The Role of International Financing Coordination in Enhancing the Competitive Advantages of Nations
Authors: Özdemir Müge Burcu , Yaslıdağ Beyhan Hilal
Published: January 2022

In this study international finance and its coordination are discussed by considering the factors determining competitiveness and competitiveness. The effects of international finance coordination are analyzed. Afterward, possible problems and solutions evaluated. In the final part, the effect of combining various forms of international financing and assistance in harmony is coordinating, on the competitiveness of countries using financing are evaluated. The use and effects of the resources obtained by utilizing international financial resources have been examined by considering the conditions of competition. Competitiveness and the factors that determine competitiveness are discussed and international finance and international financing resources are discussed. Then, the institutions that have effects on the coordination of international finance are examined. This is a review article, so it is aimed to emphasize the importance of international financing coordination. To ensure that the financial aids given are sent to the countries that use the aids following their intended use, to increase the amount of international finance and funds, to distribute the burden of credit usage costs among developed countries and institutions according to certain criteria, to ensure that the repayment conditions of the credits are easy and applicable for the country using the credit, and to ensure that the information flow between the countries providing and using the credit is continuous and regular can be considered the important subjects of the international financing coordination.
Sustainable Business Model Intermodal: Ekol Logistics Example
Authors: Takcı Berkan , Üre Salim
Published: January 2022

Intermodal Transport is a system that combines multiple modes of transport, aiming to minimize the disadvantage of each mode while using the advantages of two or more transport modes with maximum efficiency. It provides the advantage of logistics companies by using intermodal transportation services in the competitive market, respecting the environment, as well as providing them with improvements in the cost area, offering more affordable prices to their customers.
When our natural resources of Intermodal Transportation, which is a more economical, environmentally friendly, more efficient system, are consumed rapidly, it increases even more in this environment. With this increasing importance, the system tries to explain general information, benefits to natural resources, carbon emission rates, more resource consumption, less risk of accident, examining the information about fixed train and RORO voyages in depth, and using the interview method with the relevant department.
Within the scope of this study, the basic issues about the intermodal transportation system, which is in an important position for sustainable logistics, will be explained, and then, within the scope of Intermodal Transportation services carried out by Ekol logistics, RO-RO transportation, block train services and products that are subject to trade are produced or finalized. It tells the consumers how the process is applied in the transportation journey and the benefits provided to the environment, humanity and natural resources while these logistics applications are carried out.
An Empirical Investigation on the Validity of Linder Hypothesis for Manufacturing Exports from Turkey to Eurozone Countries
Authors: Akça Emrah Eray , Bal Harun
Published: January 2022

Linder's hypothesis expresses that non-homogenous manufacturing trade has been determined by the consumers’ tastes and preferences rather than production cost differences between countries. Also, it is claimed that the consumers’ tastes and preferences relate positively to the level of per capita income of the relevant country. Accordingly, the country pairs which have similar levels of per capita income trade each other more than other country pairs.
This study analyses the validity of the Linder hypothesis in manufacturing exports from Turkey to 19 Eurozone countries for the period of 2002-2018. In compliance with the bilateral trade structure, an augmented gravity model is constructed with variables representing the Linder effect. Generally, convergence between country pairs in terms of per capita income is taken while testing the Linder hypothesis into account. Therefore, while testing the Linder hypothesis, the study considers per capita gross domestic product differences between Turkey and Eurozone countries. Besides, as a more salient and efficient tool, a similarity index representing the Linder effect is constructed. By doing so, whether the Linder hypothesis is valid or not can be demonstrated more robustly.
Empirical results prove the existence of the Linder effect for Turkey's manufacturing exports to Eurozone countries. In other words, on the contrary of factor endowment differences, demand similarities between Turkey and Eurozone countries encourage this type of trade. In this regard, the exporters who target more manufacturing exports should monitor the course of consumer behaviors and adapt their product structure according to consumer's tastes and preferences in Eurozone countries.
The Effect of Urbanization on Agricultural Productivity in Developing Countries
Authors: Süt Ali Talih
Published: January 2022

Agriculture is a very important activity for developing countries, and generally takes place in rural areas. Therefore, the urbanization directly affects agricultural activities. In this study, the relationship between agricultural productivity and urbanization is examined. In this context, carbon emission, representing environmental quality, was added as a control variable in the model. Because agricultural activities get their source from natural resources and the environment. The data set covers from 1992 to 2018 for 17 developing countries. According to the analysis, it was understood that the series were not co-integrated. According to the Dumitrescu Hurlin causality test, urbanization and carbon emissions are the cause of agricultural productivity. In addition, according to the same test results, it is not the cause of agricultural productivity, urbanization and carbon emissions.
The Importance and Expansion of the Islamic Bank Sector
Authors: Bánkuti Gyöngyi
Published: January 2022

Islamic Finance grows in international finance across the globe. The aim of this study is to introduce the importance and specificities of the rapidly expanding Islamic banking system worldwide, as well as its expansion process. After a summary of the economic principles of the Islamic banking systems, with special emphasis on the principle of profit and risk sharing, - which essentially distinguishes Islamic and traditional interest-based banking systems - special highlight will be on the countercyclical feature of Islamic banks, which is also a fundamental difference from the procyclical feature of the traditional banking systems. The spread of the Islamic banking system is investigated, also stated, that the growth of it can be only partly explained by the expansion of the Muslim population. It can be stated, the Islamic banking system will become a decisive factor that will gain more portion of the financial market, mostly in some specific regions, but also worldwide – especially considering only the distribution of non-speculative transactions is concluded.
Investment Project Evaluation By Real Option Method: Example of Entrepreneurship Investment
Authors: Düzakın Hatice , Yılmaz Süreyya
Published: January 2022

The real option method, which emerged in the 1980s and is based on financial options, has been heavily involved in the literature since the early 2000s. Calculated by adding option value to investments in real assets, this method offers managers opportunities to evaluate the investment project. While the traditional capital budgeting method cannot be changed during the decision project process taken when evaluating the investment project, the real option method can be changed throughout the project process. The reason for this situation is that the real option method does not ignore the managerial flexibility. The reason for this situation is that the real option method does not ignore the managerial flexibility. In this study, these two methods in the literature are examined according to the types of projects.
The Impact of the Covid-19 Pandemic on the Economy of Azerbaijan
Authors: Suleymanov Elchin , Rahmanov Farhad , Ibrahimova Khayala
Published: January 2022

As we know, knowing that the economy is one of the most important factors for its strength, and even the first of them. In our globalizing world, where competition challenges are growing, competitors are getting stronger, technology is developing evolving, and the country that has weak and sensitive economy, is most at risk the country's job is very difficult. Whereas the countries being stronger in major economic crises are struggling with hardships too. The COVID-19 pandemic will go down in history as being one of the biggest problems of the 21st century. The virus has been declared as a "pandemic" by the World Health Organization. As being in danger of speeding of the disease most countries in the world closed their borders – though public health experts initially questioned this strategy for controlling the spread of disease. At the same time, the pandemic has decimated jobs and placed millions of livelihoods at risk within countries. The world’s population has experienced a lockdown with strong containment measures. Obviously, all these causes international trade to cease, countries' GDP and GNP figures to fall, and economies to suffer significantly. The decrease in global trade due to the epidemic, sharp volatility in oil prices, shrinking total demand and increasing uncertainty negatively affected global economic activity. Naturally, 2020 was a year of economic stagnation all over the world and Azerbaijan's economy was also affected. Noticeably, 2020 was a year of economic stagnation all over the world and Azerbaijan's economy was also affected.
Interrelationships Among Carbon Emission, Economic Growth, Energy Consumption and Foreign Direct Investment in Eurasian Countries
Authors: Yüksel Özge
Published: January 2022

The main aim of this study is to empirically investigate the impact of energy consumption and foreign direct investments on carbon emissions and the validity of the Environmental Kuznets Curve hypothesis in Eurasian countries over the period of 1993-2013. In this context, firstly cross-section dependency and homogeneity tests were applied for the the panel. The existence of unit root was investigated by one of the second-generation unit root test CIPS. The cointegration relationship between the variables was investigated with the Gengenbach, Urbain ve Westerlund panel cointegration test and finally, the causality relationship was examined using the Dumitrescu and Hurlin causality test. Empirical results indicate that there is no cointegraion between carbon dioxide emission representing environmental pollution and other variables. Also, it was concluded that the inverted U-shaped Environmental Kuznets curve hypothesis is not valid. There is a bidirectional causality between carbon emission and GDP, the square of GDP, energy consumption and foreign direct investment.
Population Income as a Factor of Economic Growth in the Kyrgyz Republic
Authors: Fynchina Khicheza
Published: January 2022

This article examines the indicators of income of the population as the main factors of social and economic growth of the Kyrgyz Republic. In the context of a sharp decline in economic development indicators, the finances of the population are a significant factor influencing GDP growth. The analysis uses statistical and economic and mathematical methods based on the application of the methodology of economic and mathematical modeling. The analysis of the composition and structure of household income is carried out. Models of multiple and paired regressions of types of income and components of income of the population have been built. A high dependence of GDP on income from employment has been revealed. The degree of influence of particular indicators of the development of the individual entrepreneurship sector on the growth of income in terms of employment of the population of the Kyrgyz Republic is determined.
Compilation Study on the Impact of COVID-19 on Healthcare Workers
Authors: Avcil Seniha
Published: January 2022

In the Covid-19 epidemic, the increasing demand for health services, quarantine practices, and the effective and efficient use of health resources have been tried to ensure the sustainability of health services. While healthcare professionals play an important role in the sustainability of the service and the protection of public health, they have been the occupational group that felt the occupational and social effects of Covid-19 most closely. For this reason, studies on health workers have been examined in terms of different variables. It is important for sustainable development that health workers can be provided with effective and efficient service with measures to be taken at the institutional level.
This study was designed as a compilation study, and the studies in which "The effect of Covid-19 on healthcare workers" were examined. With this compilation study, it has been determined that the managers of health institutions should attach importance to the measures to be taken at the institutional level in order to use human resources effectively and efficiently at the institutional level.
Women Entrepreneurship in Transition Economies: The Causality Relationship with Economic Growth
Authors: Yarbaşı İkram Yusuf , Türkmen Adem
Published: January 2022

Especially in the structures where women are excluded from socioeconomic life parallel to the traditional understanding of society, the burden has remained on men as a factor of production. However, as women started to be included in the production process as a production factor in parallel with getting rid of this shackle, societies that experienced an increase in the labor force stock gained a greater advantage than societies that could not achieve this. On the other hand, not only in terms of the workforce but also with its entrepreneurial dimension, the factor of women leads to significant progress in economic development. In other words, it is clear that entrepreneurship in general and women's entrepreneurship, which is an excluded factor in many societies in particular, has higher effects on economic growth and development. Since the market mechanism was not known due to the public power that carried out production and distribution in the former socialist countries that went through the transition from socialism to capitalism, the process was built by trial and error. Beyond the perspectives that perceive women as non-production, the claim that not seeing women as planning the independent production process would be an obstacle to economic development has been analyzed on 18 former socialist countries. Considering the cross-sectional dependency and heterogeneity problems of the data used in the study, the panel Grenger Causality test was conducted. In the findings obtained, it has been determined that there is a one-way causal relationship from women's entrepreneurship to economic growth.
A Vicious Circle: The Interaction between Income Distribution and Household Indebtedness in the Neoliberal Era
Authors: Tekin İpek , Akar Başak Gül
Published: January 2022

In the neoliberal era, financialization of the economies is associated both with large-scale speculative movements in the financial sector and over-indebtedness. The fact that there were significant increases in household indebtedness in the United States before the 2008/09 global financial crisis made the growing indebtedness an outstanding issue that should be examined in terms of its supply and demand-side causes and its distributive consequences. Increasing inequality in income distribution has been an important consideration associated with the increase in household indebtedness. In a sense, the borrowing opportunities enable working households to maintain their consumption and living standards in the short term despite the stagnation in wages and thus increasing inequality, but it does not prevent them from undergoing an unsustainable debt burden. This debt burden creates a feedback effect by deepening the existing inequality. The purpose of this study is to reveal the macro and micro dynamics associated with neoliberal policies that create the supposed relationship between inequality and household indebtedness and to try to interpret the increasing household indebtedness and income inequality in Turkey in the 2000s within this framework.
The Present and Future of Baku-Tbilisi-Kars Railway
Authors: Emanet Hakan
Published: January 2022

The Baku-Tbilisi-Kars (BTK) railway, is a new line directly connecting Turkey, Georgia and Azerbaijan by rail, and it became operational in 2017. In fact, the BTK railway connects not only these three countries, but also Central Asia with the Caspian Sea passage in the east, and Europe via Turkey with the Marmaray project in the west. The line, which has an annual freight carrying capacity of 6.5 million tons, has carried approximately 400 thousand tons of freight in 2020. The BTK railway line is also an alternative to the One Belt One Road project between China and Europe. Considering this point, it is seen that the amount of freight transported is not at the intended level, despite the current capacity. In this study, BTK railway, which is likely to act as a lever for increasing the trade volume between the countries of the region, has been analyzed in terms of freight transportation. In the first part, the features of the BTK railway are explained. In the second part, the foreign trade structure of the countries in the region is presented. In the third part, the freight transported on the BTK railway are examined. In the last section, suggestions are presented to increase the current transport volume.
Comparative Analysis of Female Poverty in Turkey with OECD Countries
Authors: Demiral Ezgi
Published: January 2022

The significant a reason of female poverty is that in general, women aren't considered to be in the labour market. Women that are in the labour market either in lower status from men or perform informal jobs or get paid less money even when they're employed in the same jobs. Female employment rate or women's education level are indicator of female poverty. The aim of this paper is to analyse female poverty in Turkey and selected OECD countries. This study obtained the female employment rate and women's education level data from the Economic Co-operation and Development database for the years between 2008-2019. Graphic by these data were analyzed comparative data analysis. In addition, specifically for the analysis of structure of women's employment in Turkey was to get data related to part-time employment, informal jobs and unpaid family workers from Turkish Statistical Institute. The results show that both women in labour market and women's education levels are extremely low level in Turkey compared to selected OECD countries. Part-time employment, informal jobs and unpaid family workers have place in women's employment. When women's employment increases it's expected to see that women poverty decreases. But women in Turkey mostly works in informal jobs or flexible working hours. This situation isn't enough effective enough to struggle fight female poverty and this resulted working women poverty. Firstly, policies should be developed to improve women will have increased participation in the qualified workforce and to length of stay in education by governments.
Directions of Cluster Competitive Development of Priority Branches of AIC Of Kyrgyzstan
Authors: Dzhailov Dzhumabek , Leila Mardalieva
Published: January 2022

The role and significance of the cluster competitive development of the agro-industrial complex are substantiated. The analysis of the development of priority sectors of the agro-industrial complex and the domestic food market is presented. Disproportions and factors of unbalanced development of related branches of the agro-industrial complex are revealed. The reasons for the low level of processing of agricultural products and the weak development of agricultural processing industries in the republic are determined. The factors of non-competitiveness of the agro-industrial complex sectors are determined - the development of small-scale production, the underdevelopment of economic and integration ties between adjacent agro-industrial complex enterprises. Measures are proposed to ensure import substitution of food, the growth of its exports and, on this basis, the competitive development of priority sectors of the agro-industrial complex. The mechanisms for improving economic relations in the agro-industrial complex and the advantages of developing long-term contractual contractual relations have been substantiated. A model for the development of an agricultural cluster has been developed in order to implement the import substitution policy for the consumption of food resources.
The Contribution of Macro Prudential Policies to Country Economies in the Financial Stability Process
Authors: Rençber Yağmur
Published: January 2022

After the global financial crisis, in addition to providing price stability, which was the primary objective of the Central Banks, the goal of maintaining financial stability has taken its place among the basic monetary policies all over the world. Because, with the effect of globalization, the aim of monetary policy to provide price stability alone is not enough to ensure sustainable growth and welfare. In this sense, macro prudential policies have been developed within the framework of Basel III, the basis of which is formed by BIS. These macro prudential policies are basically defined as precautionary policy tools that limit the disruption of financial services that create serious problems in the real economy by preventing all financial risks, whether systematic or unsystematic. The definition and scope of macro prudential policies will be discussed in the first part of the article. In the second part of the study, annual data will be presented within the framework of BIS on the scope and development of macro prudential policies implemented worldwide between 2000-2020. On the other hand, it is aimed to present a detailed analysis on the macro-prudential policies implemented in Turkey, which will include Central Bank data based on its development over the years. In the last section, it is aimed to provide macro-prudential policies accompanied by data, as well as its high role in determining systemic risks, and to present optimum policy recommendations that include monetary policy, fiscal policy, micro-prudential policies, competition policy and, when applied together, support the aim of financial stability.
Clustering Policies in Japan as an Example of Clustering Strategy
Authors: Arıcıoğlu Mustafa Atilla , Savaş Yasemin
Published: January 2022

Clustering as a competitive tool allows companies to be in an advantageous position in the sector by cooperating on various issues, especially the exchange of information with each other. Organizations move forward with the cooperation they develop through clusters. In the literature, it has been seen that clusters are considered as a strategy and Competition model tool, considering the benefits they provide. In this study, the concept of clustering is explained within the framework of the concepts of trust and cooperation. Cluster expectations and cooperation in cluster networks are maintained according to the trust relationship between them. In the studies on this subject, it is observed that the clustering policies in Japan, which successfully implement cooperation as a strategy in accordance with the obligations of mutual trust, are taken as an example. For this reason, research on the clustering policies of Japan was included in the continuation of the study. It is believed that the study will contribute to the literature with conceptual explanations.
Innovation Practices in the Hotel Industry: Case of Alanya
Authors: Kurar İhsan
Published: January 2022

Innovation, derived from the Latin word "innovatus", means to turn an idea into a product that can be sold or developed (goods or services). Tourism is one of the greatest global industries, improving according to the continuous changes in tourism trends and consumer preferences. Thus, it is this need to change that makes the concept of innovation a vital concern for tourism firms of all sizes. Because there is a competition between countries, regions, and cities to attract more tourists. In this context, hotels try to differentiate themselves in order to stay alive and have competitive advantage. This is only possible by conducting innovative activities. Innovation in tourism has many faces and can include such as product, market, and process. This study has been conducted to find out which innovation strategies tourism businesses prefer and which innovations they are using. Within the scope of the research, the data was collected via a questionnaire from 52 hotels by choosing the easy sampling method. According to the findings, tourism businesses implement service innovation. However, decisions for innovation practices are decided by general managers. Furthermore, informing the staff in accordance with the innovation targets makes the highest contribution to the practices. Finally, although research and development (R&D) is the basis of innovation practices, it has been determined that most of the tourism businesses taking part in the research do not have such a department. Finally marketing mix and quality standards should be aligned with the innovation approach.
Steel Industry in Turkey: Progress and Challenges
Authors: Çağatay Bilge
Published: January 2022

While Turkey was the world’s 10th biggest steel producer in 2001, she has become the 7th biggest producer globally and largest steel producer in Europe in 2020. In fact, she was the third fastest growing steel producer in the world between 2001 and 2011, after China and India. Steel production in Turkey has increased significantly since 2001, growing from 15 million tons (mt) in 2001 to 35.8 million tons in 2020. In addition to the strong domestic demand and dynamic steel using industries, Turkey’s well-placed position also supports exports and production.
This article suggests employing descriptive methodology focusing on Turkish Steel Industry between 2010-2020. The authors conduct descriptive research using case study method. Both quatitative and quanlitative analysis gives a holistic understanding of the research question. We began with a discussion of how Turkish steel industry has changed and affected by the rise of protectionism in the twenty first century. Then we will focus on the competition strategy in steel industy based on the trade relationship between EU, USA and Asia. A final section summarizes our argument and findings and offers suggestions for policy implications. The paper seeks to understand the role of Turkish steel industy both in Turkish economy and global economy. We anchor our collective interest in competition strategy and trade performance in the last decade. After Covid 19, the world community faces many unknowns. As a result, we aim to fill the gap with the mapping the future appearance of steel industy in Turkey by evaluating the possibilities.
The Decisive Role of Sectoral Technology Intensity in the Impact of International Technology Diffusion on Innovation Performance: An Empirical Application on the Turkish Manufacturing Industry
Authors: Bostan Fikret , Karadağ Metin
Published: January 2022

The increasing pressure of competition in a globalizing world forces the countries that aim to grow rapidly to strengthen their market share. This requires technological innovation, and its primary source is scientific knowledge. Hence, the main aim of this study is to investigate the determining role of the sectoral technology intensity on the impact of international technology spillovers channels on innovation performance. For the aim of the study, 900 observations that belong to 320 firms for the period of 2009–2016 are obtained by matching approximately 350.000 of the survey data of the Business Statistics, Research and Development. Activities and Innovation provided by TUİK. Findings estimated by the System Generalized Method of Moments (SGMM) indicate that technology absorptive capacity has a positive and significant effect on the innovation performance of the firms operating only in high-tech industries. Foreign Direct Investments (FDI) has a stronger effect on firms' innovation performance in low-technology-intensive sectors than in high-tech-intensive sectors. There is no significant difference between sectoral technology intensities in the effect of export activities on innovation performance of firms. On the other hand, technology transfer expenditures have a statistically slightly positive and significant effect only for firms operating in high-technology-intensive sectors. Consequently, the government should support high technology intensive sectors instead of traditional low technology intensive sectors in order to benefit more from the international technology diffusion channels in Turkish manufacturing industry. This strategy can lead to a long-term economic growth.
Economic Cooperation Development Issues between the EAEU
Authors: Pirimbaev Jusup , Kamalova Anara
Published: January 2022

The Organization of the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU) is the first real attempt to conduct integration processes in the post-soviet space among several states. However, the question of its expansion at the expense of other states remains open, as well as the further deepening of relations within the Union and the improvement of the mechanisms for integrating the economies of the member states. In this regard, the analysis of the state of economic relations is carried out and the ways of solving some aspects of the coming period are shown. The main idea of solving the problems of the Union is the gradual and effective development of standards for economic relations.
The Relationship of Stock Prices and Stock Market Performance Ratios in Companies Trading on Borsa Istanbul: An Application in Companies with the Highest Trading Volume
Authors: Tekin Bilgehan , Bastak Seda Nur
Published: January 2022

In this study, the effect of certain ratios that investors pay attention to on stock prices in Borsa Istanbul is examined. For this purpose, 30 of the stocks with which the investors traded the most were taken as a sample. In the study, 30 companies with the highest average trading volume in the analysis period were selected according to their transactions in Borsa Istanbul. The study covers the period between 2010: 1Q-2019: 4Q. Variables included in the study are stock market price, P/E ratio, trading volume, market to book ratio, beta, free float percentage. In this study, it has been tried to understand at what level the stock market prices of companies' publicly traded stocks are affected by the indicators that emerge as a result of the transactions realized in the stock exchange, rather than the ratios discussed within the scope of financial analysis and ratio analysis, examples of which are very common in the literature. Panel regression analysis was performed in the study. Before proceeding to the panel regression analysis, preliminary tests were carried out and the model was tried to be given its most suitable form. For this purpose, multicollinearity tests, cross section dependency test, second generation unit root tests, varying variance test, panel regression model selection were made. The model created in the last stage was estimated. As a result of the study, it was seen that the Price/Earnings, Transaction Volume, Market Value/Book Value and Beta variables were significantly effective on the stock market prices of the companies' stocks. Among these variables, BETA affects negatively, while other variables affect positively. The variable with the highest effect on the share price is the negative BETA coefficient and the positive direction is the trading volume.
The Gothic Representations of the City through the Fl?neur in Victorian Literature
Authors: Chebil Sana
Published: January 2022

The Victorian Gothic moved away from old and conventional themes and spaces of early Gothic novels such as ruined castles and evil villains into more realistic spaces and characters that went hand in hand with the issues of the era. While the conventional Gothic space centered on the castle or other forms of old buildings, the city was an important component in Victorian Gothic imagery. In an era of growing mediation between the city and the urban dwellers, the gothic representations of the urban space in Victorian literature highly depended on the 'eye' of the its fl?neurs, or walkers who see, interpret, and produce the city. The fascination with modes of perceiving and seeing the mystery of the puzzling visual experience are evident in a wide variety of the nineteenth and twentieth-century theories and researches on the urban space. The focus of this paper is to graft some insights into debate on urban visuality and other related tropes that provide a range of perspectives on the field of the visual and perception of the city. Then, drawing from Victorian novels, this paper examines Dickens’s portrayals of urban subjects such as Gothic fl?neurs who produce the city as a Gothic place.
Preparedness of recovery to the vulnerability of climate change in the coastal areas in Bangladesh
Authors: Rokonuzzaman M. , Hattori Yuta
Published: January 2022

Purpose of the Study: This research aims to identify the susceptibility of Bangladesh's coastal areas to natural disasters related to climate change and raise vigilance in the region.
Methodology: We have conducted a survey of farmers in eight coastal Unions to identify the impact of climate change and the ability to implement coping mechanisms and their family size and income level. Face-to-face interviews, in-depth case studies, and focus group discussions were carried out in the survey. We further summarized the effect and recent consequences of cyclones, the major disaster in the country that are followed by flooding.
Main Findings: The finding of the study reveals that the shelters are insufficient to accommodate the dense population and will be a crowded space under the influence of COVID-19, further raising the vulnerability of those affected by a disaster. The coping mechanisms implemented were the storage of rainwater and groundwater and empowering women to produce dairy products and sustain the household income. The experts’ opinion to counteract the climate change was adaptation and mitigation. Since building resilience requires a fair budget and global support, we focused on adaption, considering three adaptive approaches: accommodation, protection, and retreat. Among those, considering the densely populated nature of Bangladesh, improving accommodation and protection were the feasible solution to be proposed. In conclusion, people's livelihood activities could be diversified by providing need-based training and motivations.
Research Implications: One-fourth of the total population lives in the coastal areas in Bangladesh, which frequently faces tropical cyclones, storm surges, coastal erosion, and sea-level rise that cost enormous loss to the crops, livestock, forestry, and human selves. The biodiversity of the Sundarban, one of the most vulnerable ecosystems, is also at risk of those natural disasters.
The novelty of the study: Climate change is posing major threats to Bangladesh's coast. This study's findings will help individuals recover from the effects of climate change and prepare for the future.
PENGARUH PENGGUNAAN MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN BERBASIS ICT TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR PKN KELAS V SD MUHAMMADIYAH 1 KREMBUNG PADA MASA PANDEMI
Authors: Fiani Wulan Saputri`` Okta , Tirtoni Feri
Published: January 2022

Penerapan penggunaan media pembelajaran ICT bertujuan untuk menggiring siswa agar berpartisipasi secara aktif dalam pembelajaran secara online sehingga diharapkan dari keaktifan tersebut dapat memberikan kesan belajar yang bermakna dan dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar PKn siswa. Metode yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah eksperimen dengan desain Pre-Eksperimental One Group Pretest-Posttest Design. Penelitian ini dilakukan secara online dengan populasi seluruh siswa kelas V SD Muhammadiyah 1 Krembung yang berjumlah 25 orang. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan sampling jenuh. Instrumen penelitian ini menggunakan tes berupa soal pilihan ganda dengan jumlah 20 soal. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan sebanyak dua kali yaitu sebelum adanya perlakuan (Pretest) dan sesudah adanya perlakuan (Posttest). Data penelitian dianalisis menggunakan statistik deskriptif dengan teknik uji N- Gain. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa adanya peningkatan nilai rata-rata hasil belajar siswa sebesar 29,2 yaitu dari nilai rata-rata pretest sebesar 55 dan nilai rata-rata posttest sebesar 84,2. Dari rata-rata kedua tes tersebut dilakukan perhitungan menggunakan uji N-Gain yang diperoleh skor sebesar 0,64. Berdasarkan kategorisasi uji N-Gain, skor 0,64 merupakan pengaruh kategorisasi sedang. Dari hasil penelitian tersebut dapat disimpulkan bahwa penerapan Penggunaan media pembelajaran  ICT  berpengaruh terhadap hasil belajar kognitif siswa pada mata pelajaran PKn kelas V SD Muhammadiyah 1 Krembung.
PENGARUH PERENCANAAN PEMBELAJARAN TERHADAP PENINGKATAN KUALITAS DAN MUTU PENDIDIK DALAM KEGIATAN MENGAJAR DI SDN BANJAR 1
Authors: Renna Apriliana
Published: January 2022

ABSTRACT

This study aims to determine the application of learning planning at SDN Banjar 1. To find out the quality of teachers in the process of teaching activities. And to find out the effect of learning planning on improving the quality and quality of educators in teaching activities at SDN Banjar 1. The research population is all educators at SDN Banjar 1, totaling 50 people. The results of the study illustrate that the professionalism of teachers at SDN Banjar 1 in teaching is classified as very good, competent and has achieved learning objectives as expected and in accordance with what has been previously determined

Keywords: Teaching Quality, Elementary School Teachers, Learning Planning

 

ABSTRAK

 Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui penerapan perencanaan pembelajaran di SDN Banjar 1. Untuk mengetahu kualitas guru-guru dalam proses kegiatan mengajar. Dan untuk mengetahui pengaruh perencanaan pembelajaran terhadap peningkatan kualitas dan mutu pendidik dalam kegiatan mengajar di SDN Banjar 1. Populasi penelitian adalah seluruh pendidik di SDN Banjar 1 yang berjumlah 50 orang. Hasil penelitian menggambarkan bahwa bahwa profesionalisme guru di SDN Banjar 1 dalam mengajar tergolong sangat baik, berkompeten dan telah mencapai tujuan pembelajaran sesuai harapan dan sesuai dengan yang telah ditetapkan sebelumnya.

 Kata Kunci: Kualitas Mengajar, Guru SD, Perencanaan Pembelajaran
The Reenacted Double
Authors: Sforzini Arianna
Published: January 2022

The essay engages with a screenplay by Michel Foucault, written in 1970 for a film, not realized during Foucault’s lifetime, about Pablo Picasso’s Las Meninas, a series of 58 paintings that the artist made in 1957, taking up, updating, reinterpreting the famous painting with the same title by Diego Velázquez (1656). This screenplay is at the same time an example of critical reflection on reenactment in art history and itself a reenactment practice of sorts: the filmic repetition of an artistic repetition. It invites a reflection on the role of repetition as a critical operation: how doubles, reenacted images, and ‘counter-mimesis’ can become creative gestures and opening movements of transformation through plays of refraction, duplication, and multiplication of the realities and subjectivities at stake in them.
‘The Reconstruction of the Past is the Task of Historians and not Agents’
Authors: Krasznahorkai Kata
Published: January 2022

State security archives in Eastern Europe are shedding new light on the operative practices of the secret services and their interaction with performance art. Surveillance, tracking, undermining, disruption, writing of reports, and measure plans were different operative methods to be carried out in continuous repetitive processes. This paper argues that, through these repetitive working processes, state security agencies were permanently engaged in different forms of reenactments: of orders, legends, report writing, and inventing measure plans. With this operative reenactment, state security agencies not only tried to track down facts but also created ‘fake facts’ serving their agenda. These `fake-facts` were then again repeated and reenacted by informants endlessly to be `effective` in the surveillance and elimination of performance art.