bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Efficacy of Graded Activity with and without Daily-Monitored- Walking on Pain and Back Endurance among Patients with Concomitant Low-Back Pain and Type-2 Diabetes: A Randomized Trial
Authors: Opeyemi Ayodiipo IDOWU  , Ade Fatai Adeniyi
Published: October 2020

BACKGROUND: There is evidence supporting the efficacy of Graded Activity (GA) in managing clinical attributes of patients with Low-Back Pain (LBP) in the general population. However, it is unknown whether GA alone is efficacious in managing these clinical attributes in patients with concomitant LBP and Type-2 Diabetes (T2D) or additional daily-monitored walking will be required.METHODS: A single-blind controlled trial involving 58 patients (mean age: 48.3±9.4 years, 64.7% females) with concomitant LBP and T2D who received treatment twice weekly for twelve weeks was conducted. Participants were randomized into GA or GA with daily-monitored-walking (GAMW) groups. Pain Intensity (PI), Static Back Extensors Endurance (SBEE), Static Abdominal Muscular Endurance (SAME) and Glycaemic Control (GC) were assessed using Visual Analogue Scale, Biering-Sorensen test, flexor endurance test, and in2itTM device respectively at baseline, 4th, 8th and 12th week. Data were analysed using repeatedmeasures ANOVA and Unpaired t-tests at α = 0.05.RESULTS: There were significant differences in PI, SAME and SBEE among participants in each of GA and GAMW groups respectively (p<0.05). Within-group difference on GC was significant for GAMW (6.3±0.9%, 5.7±0.7%) but not GA (6.3±0.9%, 6.3±0.9%). There was significant difference (p<0.05) between GA and GAMW group participants for SBEE (7.2±0.1 sec, 7.3±0.1 sec) at week 8 of the study and GC (-0.5±0.2%, -0.6±0.5%) at the end of the study. No differences were found between GA and GAMW groups for PI and SAME.CONCLUSION: Graded activity with daily-monitored-walking produced positive effects on GC and yielded a better improvement on SAME and SBEE.
The Burden of Bancroftian Filariasis in Nigeria: A Review
Authors: Adamu Hussaini  , Clement Isaac  , Hussaini Rahimat  , Inegbenosun Collins  , Obasuyi Cedric  , Ezekiel Solomon
Published: October 2020

BACKGROUND: Lymphatic filariasis (LF) is a neglected tropical disease (NTD) vectored by mosquito; and people in rural areas are mostly at risk of infection. Pooling prevalence data across the six geo-political zones of Nigeria is expected to provide a clearer insight into the burden of the disease as this information could guide towards planning eradication programmes.METHODS: Search for pertinent literature was done on Google Scholar, African Journal Online (AJOL) and PubMed databases using relevant keywords. Studies on the prevalence of LF due to Wuchereria bancrofti in Nigeria were selected and reviewed. Prevalence data from the different states were further organized into the six geopolitical zones and analyzed.RESULTS: Of the 36 states in Nigeria, prevalence data were available only for 19 states. Furthermore, in the six geopoliticalzones, North-West had the highest disease burden (44 per 10 000) of Years Lived with Disability (YLD), while North-Central (4 per 10 000) had the lowest disease burden.CONCLUSION: Result are largely attributed to the prevailing conditions in the different zones. In view of ensuring a successful control plan and eventual eradication of the disease, a comprehensive national survey in every state should be carried out using more sensitive tools.
Determinants of Maternal Near Miss in Western Ethiopia
Authors: Lemi Kumela  , Temesgen Tilahun  , Demeke Kifle
Published: October 2020

BACKGROUND: Analysis of maternal near miss events and identification of factors resulting in maternal death are vital to improve the quality of obstetric care in any given setting. This study is aimed to determine the magnitude of maternal miss and identify its determinants.METHODS: A hospital-based unmatched case-control study design was used. Sixty one maternal near misses (as cases) and 122 mothers who had a normal obstetric outcome (as controls) at obstetrics and gynecology ward of Nekemte Referral Hospital were included from May 1st , 2018 to July 31st, 2018. The criteria set by the World Health Organization were used to identify maternal near miss cases. The data were collected via face-to-face interviews using pretested structured questionnaires and analyzed using SPSS version 22. For every case, two controls were recruited. Descriptive statistics and logistic regressions were used. A 95% CI and p-value of <0.05 were considered to be statistically significant.RESULT: The magnitude of maternal near miss was 4.97%. Factors including multigravidity (AOR= 3.84, 95% CI: 1.23-11.91), lack of antenatal care (AOR=6.02, 95% CI: 1.55-23.28), delays in accessing health facility (AOR=12, 95% CI: 2.55-56.57) and induction of labor (AOR =9.4, 95% CI: 2.97-29.71) were strongly associated with maternal near miss. Hypertension during pregnancy (40.9%) and obstetric hemorrhage (39.3%) were identified as the major causes of maternal near miss.CONCLUSION: The magnitude of maternal near miss was high but lower compared to magnitude in other parts of Ethiopia, and numerous preventable determinant factors were identified.
HIV Care continuum Outcomes: Can Ethiopia Meet the UNAIDS 90- 90-90 Targets?
Authors: Hailay Abrha Gesesew  , Paul Ward  , Kifle Woldemichael  , Lillian Mwanri
Published: October 2020

BACKGROUND: Ethiopia has pledged to the UNAIDS 90-90-90 framework. However, the achievements of these UNAIDS targets are not assessed in Southwest Ethiopia. Using HIV care and treatment outcomes as surrogate markers, we assessed all targets.METHODS: Complex surrogate makers were used to assess the HIV care continuum outcomes using antiretroviral therapy data in Jimma University Teaching Hospital. Early HIV diagnosis was a surrogate marker to measure the first 90. Numbers of people on HIV treatment and who have good adherence were used to measure the second 90. To measure the third 90, we used immunological success that was measured using numbers of CD4 counts, clinical success using WHO clinical stages and treatment success using immunological and clinical successes.RESULTS: In total, 8172 patients were enrolled for HIV care from June 2003 to March 2015. For the diagnosis target, the prevalence of early HIV diagnosis among patients on ART was 35% (43% among children and 33.3% among adults). For the treatment target, 5299(65%) received ART of which 1154(22%) patients lost to follow-up or defaulted from ART treatment, and 1015(19%) patients on treatment transferred out to other sites. In addition, 17% had fair or good adherence. Finally, 81% had immunological success, 80% had clinical success and 66% treatment success.CONCLUSIONS: The study revealed that Southwest Ethiopia achieved 35%, 65% and 66% of the first, second and third UNAIDS targets, a very far performance from achieving the target. These highlight further rigorous interventions to improve outcome of HIV continuum of care.
Patterns of Hepatocellular Carcinoma on Computed Tomography at Tikur Anbessa specialized hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Authors: Ferehiwot Getaneh  , Asfaw Atnafu
Published: October 2020

BACKGROUND: Hepatocellular cancer is the commonest liver cancer which contributes to a high incidence of morbidity and mortality in both developed and developing countries. Despite the anticipated high burden of the disease in the country, there is paucity of data on the associated risk factors and its pattern on imaging. The aim of this study was to assess Computed Tomography patterns and the risk factors of hepatocellular carcinoma.METHODS: A cross-sectional, prospective study on patients with a diagnosis of HCC on Computed Tomography examination, at Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital from July, 2016 to July, 2017. All patients who had characteristic Computed Tomography features and those who were diagnosed by Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC)/biopsy and had Computed Tomography examination were included in the study. Risk factors identified were reviewed from patients’ medical records.RESULT: A total of 70(n=70) patients were included in the study. The mean age was 50 ± 16 years. Fifty-seven (81.4%) of the participants were males, and 13(18.6%) were females. Forty-five (64.3%) of them came from urban areas and 25(35.7%) of them were from rural areas. The lesions were focal in 52(74.3%) and infiltrative in 18(25.7%) of the cases. Vascular invasion and distant metastases were seen in 49(70%) and 17(24.3%) respectively. Twenty-nine (41%) had negative hepatitis markers, and 13(19%) were not investigated for hepatitis infection.CONCLUSION: The majority of the patients presented with advanced disease such as vascular invasion and metastases. The major risk factors such as hepatitis infection were negative in significant number of patients. The risk factors in our setting should be studied further. Moreover, high-risk group selection and screening is essential to diagnose HCC early.
Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma: A Retrospective Study on Imaging Patterns at Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Authors: Amal Saleh Nour  , Tequam Debebe Weldehawariat  , Aynalem Abraha Woldemariam  , Dheresa Gelana Layo
Published: October 2020

BACKGROUND: Nasopharyngeal carcinoma is one of the rare forms of cancer globally which has a high incidence in select geographic and ethnic populations. The current study aims to assess the clinical presentation, imaging patterns and radiologypathology correlation of nasopharyngeal carcinoma.METHODS: This is a retrospective analysis of 80 patients with newly diagnosed nasopharyngeal carcinoma who came to Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital from January 2016 to August 2017. The patients’ history, physical examination, abdominopelvic ultrasound, chest x-ray, computed tomography scan and biopsy reports were reviewed from their medical record. Patients who had previous history of treatment for nasopharyngeal carcinoma, those who did not have biopsy and those without imaging were excluded from the study.RESULTS: This study showed that 61(81.3%) patients had neck swelling as the initial clinical symptom, and the average time of presentation of symptoms was 6(IQR 8) months. On the other hand, 56(70.0%) were diagnosed with non-keratinizing undifferentiated nasopharyngeal carcinoma while 15(3.8%) had keratinizing nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Sixty-nine (86.3%) patients had nodal metastasis; 22.5% had invasion into the paranasal sinuses; 47.5% had T4 with T1, T2 and T3 being 18.8%, 17.5% and 7.5% stage respectively at time of diagnosis. Ninety percent of the cases had a diagnosis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma on imaging, but 10% were given alternative diagnosis.CONCLUSION: Non-keratinizing undifferentiated type was the commonest histologic subtype in this study which is also recognized as the commonest one in endemic countries. A significant number did not have a specific histologic WHO type on pathology report which could in turn affect the management and assessment of risk factors.
Age-Related Histological Changes in Vena Caval System of Human Foetus and Adult: A Comparative Study
Authors: Robert Kevin Fernandez  , Chandni Gupta  , Sneha Guruprasad Kalthur
Published: October 2020

BACKGROUND: It has been documented that cardiac musculature is present in both venae cavae, and they contract together with the atrium, contributing to the pumping mechanism of the heart. So, in the present study, we measured the relative thicknesses of the three histological layers at formation, termination and intermediate levels of the venae cavae along with their histological characteristics.MATERIALS AND METHODS: Ten foetal and 10 adult cadavers were used. The Superior and Inferior Venae Cavae from all three regions were excised and processed for histology. The qualitative and quantitative features of the vessels were observed and recorded. The data thus obtained was then assessed statistically.RESULTS: In superior vena cava, the tunica intima grows actively especially during late gestation. The tunica media shows active growth. The tunica adventitia growth is significant at the middle and termination levels. In inferior vena cava, the tunica intima grows actively at the level of formation. The tunica media shows the active overall growth during early gestation. The tunica adventitia shows active growth during late gestation. In qualitative analysis the plump, spindle-shaped primitive mesenchymal cells were observed. Muscle and collagen fibers show reciprocal abundance with increasing age, with the former being lesser in amount than the latter in earlier stages. Appearance of vasa vasorum was notable from 2nd trimester. The cardiac myocytes were located in the middle and outer tunics of the superior vena cava.CONCLUSION: Cardiac musculature was absent in the inferior vena; however, the vessel shows advanced rate of overall development.
Retrospective Policy Analysis of Tobacco Prevention and Control in Ethiopia
Authors: Teshome Tesfaye Habebo  , Amirhossein Takian
Published: October 2020

BACKGROUND: The trend of non-communicable diseases is alarmingly increasing and tobacco consumption and exposure to its smoke have been playing the leading role. Thirty-seven Ethiopians deaths per day are attributable to tobacco. Unless appropriately mitigated, this has social, economic and political impacts. Implementation of the appropriate policy is a good remedy; however, the policy process has never been straight forward and always successful. The involvement of different actors makes policy process complex hence agenda setting, policy formulation, implementation, and evaluations have been full of chaos and even may fail at any of these levels. Thus the aim of this review was retrospectively analyzing tobacco-related policies in Ethiopia that are relevant to control tobacco use and mitigate its impacts.METHODS: Systematically, we searched in pub-med, Scopus, Web of Science and Embase. Additionally, we did hand search on Google scholar and national websites. The terms "tobacco","cigar", "cigarette", "control", "prevention", "policy" and"Ethiopia" were used. Eleven of 128 records met the inclusion criteria and then included. For data analysis, we applied the health policy analysis framework developed by Walt and Gilson.RESULT: Lately, Ethiopia enacted and started to implement tobacco control policies and programs, but its implementation is problematic and consumption rate is increasing.CONCLUSION: Despite the early involvement in tobacco control initiatives and enactment of legal frameworks, Ethiopia's journey and current stand to prevent and control the devastating consequences of tobacco is very limited and unsatisfactory. Therefore, we strongly call for further action, strong involvement of private sector and non-governmental organizations.
Evaluation of Laboratory Performance, Associated Factors and Staff Awareness Towards Achieving Turnaround Time in Tertiary Hospitals, Ethiopia
Authors: Mebrat Gebreyes  , Abay Sisay  , Dilargachew Tegen  , Abushet Asnake  , Mistire Wolde
Published: October 2020

BACKGROUND: WHO recommends that each laboratory should establish turnaround time (TAT) to monitor and evaluate performance throughout processes. The status of established TAT was not yet assessed in Ethiopian Armed Force Comprehensive Specialized Hospital. The aim of this study was to evaluate the laboratory performance and associated factors towards achieving TAT in clinical chemistry and hematology tests at Armed Force Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.METHODS: Hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted from April 2019 to June 2019. Standardized questionnaire was designed to collected data on awareness of laboratory staffs about TAT. The data was entered, cleaned and analyzed using SPSS version 24.0 Software. Logistic regression analysis was done to find out statistically significant association and strength of association between dependent and independent variables at pvalue <0.05.RESULT: A total of 422 test results were systematically selected with 100% response rates. Of these, 253(59.9%) were chemistry tests. From the expected < 90min TAT clinical chemistry tests, only 41(16.2%) and from < 60min TAT time for hematology tests, 37(21.9%) met the target. The laboratory TAT was affected by factors including high work load, laboratory information system problem, power interruption and sample collection time. Moreover, the level of knowledge, attitude and practices of laboratory staffs towards laboratory TAT were 60%, 85.7% and62.9% respectively.CONCLUSION: Overall achievement of clinical Chemistry and hematology tests TAT was poor. The finding might reflect other public hospital situation in Addis Ababa. Thus, additional large scale studies need to conduct.
Adolescent-Parent Communication on Sexual and Reproductive Health issues in Ethiopia: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Akine Eshete  , Sisay Shewasinad
Published: October 2020

Adolescent-parent sexual communication is an effective strategy to make healthy decisions, delay and protect from risky behavior. Thus, this systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to synthesize and estimate the level of adolescent- parent communication on sexual and reproductive health issues in Ethiopia.METHODS: Cross-sectional studies were systematically searched using databases such as PubMed, Google Scholar, Cochrane Library and gray literature. Information was extracted using a standardized form of JBI. Data were analyzed using the ‘meta’ packages of the Stata software (version 11.0). I-squared statistic was applied to check the heterogeneity of studies. Funnel plot and Egger's test were used to check for publication bias. P-value <0.05 on the Egger test was considered indicative of statistically significant publication bias.RESULTS: A total of 359 articles were identified, of which 19 were eligible for meta-analysis. Adolescent-parent communications on SRH issues were significantly reported within the range of 25.3% to 36.9% and more preferred to discuss with their friends. The overall pooled level of adolescent parent communication was 40.70 (95%CI: 34.26-47.15). Adolescents who lived in urban areas, having good knowledge of SRH issues, adolescents who agreed on the importance of discussion and adolescents who ever had sexual intercourse were more likely to discuss SRH issues with their parents.CONCLUSION: The overall pooled level of adolescent-parent communication was 40.70%, and also adolescent-parent communications were dominantly reported with the ranges of 25.3% to 36.9%. Being urban dweller, being knowledgeable, and being agreed on the importance of discussion were significantly associated with adolescent-parent communication. Cultural taboo, shame and lack of communication skills were reasons that hindered communication between parents and adolescents. Therefore, program implementers should work to increase adolescent-parent communication.
Relationship between Serum Osteocalcin Level and Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: A Case-Control Study
Authors: Saloumeh Peivandi  , Kamelia Yaghoubinia  , Zahra Kashi  , Siavash Moradi  , Ali Habibi
Published: October 2020

BACKGROUND: Osteocalcin (OC) is the most common noncollagenous protein in bone matrix, which is synthesized only in bone tissue and by osteoblasts. The potential role of osteocalcin on glucose and fat metabolism has been previously reported. The aim of this study was to compare the serum OC level in pregnant women with and without gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).METHODS: In the present case-control study, all pregnant women who were referred to a obstetrics and gynecology clinic in Sari, Iran, and met the inclusion criteria underwent an overall screening with a 75-g glucose tolerance test (GTT) at week 24 to 28 of gestation. The study was conducted between September 2018 and February 2019. Based on criteria, the pregnant women with confirmed GDM were matched with pregnant women without GDM in terms of baseline characteristics such as chronological age and BMI. The serum OC levels were also measured if vitamin D and calcium levels were normal. All data were analyzed using SPSS 21.RESULTS: The two groups with and without GDM had no significant difference in terms of age, BMI and OC level. There was no significant correlation between age and BMI with OC level in healthy pregnant women, respectively (P=0.49 and P=0.58). The correlation between BMI and age with OC level in GTT-positive pregnant women was 0.05 and -0.172, respectively, which was not significant (P=0.77 and P=0.36).CONCLUSION: According to the results of this study, there is no significant difference of serum OC levels in pregnant women with GDM compared to healthy pregnancy. Given that the levels of serum insulin or insulin resistance have not been assessed, these indices are recommended to be evaluated in future studies.
Enhancing Workplace Safety Culture in the Mining Industry in Ghana
Authors: Opoku Felix Kwame , Kosi Isaac , Degraft-Arthur Dominic
Published: October 2020

The paper concerns organisational safety culture and how it may be applied to reduce employee accidents in the mining industry in Ghana. A sample of 340 managerial workers of three mining companies in the Tarkwa Nsuaem Municipality was selected using the simple random sampling technique. Data for the study was gathered using a survey questionnaire. The Structural Equation Modelling analysis technique was performed to establish the relationship between safety culture and each of the five dimensions of workplace safety (work safety, management safety practices, safety programmes, supervisor safety and co-worker safety). It was found that safety culture is a significant positive predictor of work safety (R2 = 0.039), management safety practices (R2 = 0.272), safety programmes (R2 = 0.159), co-worker safety (R2 = 0.225) and supervisor safety (R2 = 0.199). The study concluded that workplace safety can be improved by enhancing the safety culture in the mining industry in Ghana. The study  recommends that in order to curb the incidence and occurrence of accidents and injuries in the mining industry in Ghana, Human Resource (HR) managers should lay more emphasis on ways that would enhance the safety culture of all employees in the industry.

Keywords: Safety Culture, Mining Industry, Workplace Safety, Industrial Accidents, Ghana
An Assessment of Socio-economic Characteristics of Slum Residents in Ilorin, Nigeria
Authors: Mas’ud O.T. , Olawepo R.A. , Ajiboye J.K.
Published: October 2020

This study examines the significance of socio-economic characteristics in making housing quality good for human living. It also examines the  influence of socio-economic on the health behaviour and efficiency of man and the nation as a whole. The study was carried out with the aid of questionnaire administration, building and facility survey using purposeful sampling techniques. A total of 20 buildings in each of the fifteen  identified slums were picked for questionnaire administration. Also, data were collected from related Ministries and Commission. The descriptive analysis was used to determine the vulnerability of the study area to slum condition and also to identify the extent of the decay. The descriptive  analysis revealed that, the study area exhibits slum condition that has impact on socio-economic, life style and health of the residents, as well as general outlook of the environment. ANOVA was used to test whether or not there are variations in socio-economic, housing and environmental quality in all the locations. ANOVA reveals that there are significant variations in socio-economic, housing and environmental qualities among locations in the study area. Recommendations were made to guide the policy makers towards enhancing the lives of the residents of the areas, by making education affordable, public enlightenment and also to enhance the living standard of the residents by establishing industries

Keyword: socio-economic characteristics, slums, housing quality, life style
Food Waste Bioeconomy: Sustainable Waste Management Options for Hawassa University Campuses, Ethiopia
Authors: Senbeta Abate Feyissa
Published: October 2020

Food waste management is a challenge in University Campuses of developing countries. This study assessed food waste management challenges in Hawassa University and the possibility of cascading the waste through biomass bioeconomy model by using interviews, observations and published and unpublished documents. The results show that so far the food leftover is being used by poor people, collected by animal ranchers or damped in  an openpit. Food leftover use by poor people was challenged due to poor hygienic quality, health implication to users, insecurity to campus community and theft of property in the campuses. The university’s animal enterprise was also forced to quiet its agreement with the university due people’s competition for the leftover. Generally food waste management at the University is reactive and long-term sustainability is needed. This study suggests the cascading use of biomass, i.e. using food waste as animal feed; animal waste as feedstock for biogas generation; biogas-slurryas an organic fertilizer for university farm and plantations. If implemented the model improves the waste management practices of the University; improves the resource use efficiency and energy security, and reduces fuel wood consumption and mitigate greenhouse gas emission. Moreover the model creates circular economy that serves as a sustainability showcase in practice for research, training, recreation, experience sharing and income generation activities.

Keywords: Bio-economy, food waste, Hawassa University, sustainability
Spatial relations between the field of play for team sports and the target. Case study: football
Authors: Barańska Anna M.
Published: October 2020

The objective of this research paper is to establish the relationship between a randomly selected point of the field of play and the target. The analysis has been based on an exemplary pitch and the rules of football. A decision to desist from the field gain and to take a shot must take into account the relationship between the possible angle of dispersion and the angle at which the goal can be seen. The latter one (denoted as γ) has been devoted special attention here. Then, we have paid special attention to the fact that the view of the goal decreases as the player moves away from the longitudinal axis of the pitch. By turning the direction of the goal line b to the direction that is perpendicular to the line of shot, we obtain a decreased projection of the goal t. The indicators such as angle γ, projection t and its quotient version N aptly define various spatial situations that occur in the field of play. However, in order to add better illustration to the assessment, another indicator (V) has been proposed. It treats the changing view of the goal as an “aiming target” observed from varying distances. The comparability of the opportunities has also been demonstrated in the form of circle-shaped isolines, based on the chord of the goal. The performed analyses have legitimised the standard rule and aim of football which involves favourable field gain along the wings and finally crossing the ball into the middle field.
The Role of Blessing and Cursing in Traditional Conflict Resolution Mechanism among the Hadiya People, Southern Ethiopia
Authors: Daniel Handino  , Gizaw Bekele
Published: October 2020

Hadiya people have maintained their indigenous mechanisms of governance system known as “Seera”. This article addresses the role of blessing and cursing in conflict resolution among the Hadiya people. To achieve this objective, a qualitative method with an exploratory study design was employed. A total of 25, purposively selected, key informants have taken part as a primary source for this study. Besides, secondary sources have been used to substantiate data obtained from the primary sources. The major findings were that Hadiya traditional institutions have been playing a significant role to solve different local conflicts where the practices of blessing and cursing are very important enforcing tools that elders use to easily approach the individuals or groups in conflict, to investigate crimes which are committed in the absence of eye witness. Speaking truth is an essential principle that is expected from the disputants and the elders who manage the resolution process to save oneself from the curse. Men and women have a significant role and mostly every meeting begins and ends with blessing and cursing. Cursing is implicit in every day but it takes place on the last day if the suspect does not reveal the truth about the case. Concerning the link, the FDRE constitution recognized the preservation of cultures and practices of each society within its indigenous institutions. The similarity between the formal and informal is also found as in both institutions the witness begins by swearing an oath which is a part of the cursing on oneself if he or she lies or tries to falsify the truth related to the case. Lastly, the practices of blessing and cursing have been affected by different factors like individual differences over the decisions of elders or negative attitudes towards the value of the practice; sometimes the corrupt behavior of some elders. Awareness creations for youth concerning elders’ honor and value, and their roles in conflict resolution and for elders, on the other, about the importance of their work and the disadvantages of malpractices are part of the recommendation.
About GaDS and PJGD
Authors: Center For PanAfrican Journal of Governance and Development
Published: October 2020

No
IMPLEMENTÁCIA PROJEKTU KAAT- ZNALOSTNEJ ALIANCIE V LETECKEJ DOPRAVE - PRÍBEH ÚSPEŠNÉHO PROJEKTU
Authors: Novák Andrej , Novák Sedláčková Alena , Kazda Antonín
Published: October 2020

Článok sa zoberá problematikou vysokoškolského vzdelávania v nadväznosti na potreby leteckého priemyslu ako odvetvia národného hospodárstva. V súvislosti s narastajúcou potrebou skvalitňovania a zefektívňovania procesu vzdelávania, je potrebné riešiť medzinárodnú spoluprácu pri vzdelávaní odborníkov v leteckej doprave. Odpoveďou na tento problém bolo vytvorenie znalostnej aliancie v rámci projektov ERASMUS+, ktorá analyzuje globálny trh povolaní a  kvalifikácií v leteckej doprave. Cieľom projektu bolo špecifikovať zoznam súčasných povolaní, ale aj budúcich povolaní v nadväznosti na analýzu kvalifikácií v odvetví leteckej dopravy. Na základe týchto výstupov projektu bol vytvorený nový študijný program ako aj upravené programy ďalšieho vzdelávania v letectve. Príspevok poukazuje na výstupy a prínosy takejto spolupráce.
New Exact Solutions of (3+1)-dimensional Kadomtsev-Petviashvili (KP) Equation
Authors: PANDIR Yusuf , AĞIR Tural
Published: October 2020

The extended trial equation method is investigated which allows us to achieve soliton solutions and Jacobi elliptic function solution of the partial differential equations. This method is implemented to the (3+1)-dimensional Kadomtsev-Petviashvili (KP) equation and various new exact solutions have been obtained. These new obtain exact solutions are solutions that are not known in the literature. Additionally, two and three-dimensional graphics were drawn to understand the physical behaviors of the distinct obtain exact solutions.
Turizm Yerleşim Alanlarında Peyzajda Kullanılan Bitkilerin Çeşitliliği: Edremit Körfezi (Balıkesir) Örneği
Authors: POLAT Rıdvan , SELVİ Selami
Published: October 2020

Edremit körfezi ülkemizin önemli turizm alanlarından biridir. Bu çalışmada, Edremit Körfezinde yer alan yerleşim alanları, turizm işletmeleri, site alanları ve konut çevrelerinde peyzaj amacı ile kullanılan ağaç/ağaççık, çalı ve otsu formundaki bitki türlerinin envanterinin çıkarılması amaçlanmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda 63 familyaya ait 126 cins ve 155 taksonun doğallaşmış ve egzotik peyzaj bitkisi olarak Edremit Körfezinde yetiştirildiği tespit edilmiştir. Familyaların %68’ i tek bir taksonla temsil edilmektedir. En fazla takson içeren familyalar; Fabaceae (13 takson), Rosaceae (12 takson) ve 8 taksonla Lamiaceae ve Pinaceae gelmektedir. En fazla taksona sahip cinsler; 4 taksonla Salvia olup bunu ve 3’ er taksonla Abies, Acacia, Cupressus, Jasminum, Pinus ve Rosa takip etmektedir. Hayat formlarına göre peyzaj bitkilerinin % 30’ unu (46 takson) ağaç formu oluşturmaktadır. Bitkilerin genellikle süs-estetik, çit ve yer örtücü olarak kullanıldıkları tespit edilmiştir.
Bingöl Şartlarında Bazı İtalyan Çimi (Lolium Multiflorum Lam.) Çeşitlerinin Ot Verimi ve Kalitesinin Belirlenmesi
Authors: LALE Vural , KÖKTEN Kağan
Published: October 2020

Bu araştırma, Bingöl ekolojik koşullarında yetiştirilecek İtalyan çimi çeşitlerinin verim ve kalite özelliklerinin tespit edilmesi amacıyla 2018 yılı yetiştirme sezonunda kurulmuştur. Araştırmada, 6 adet İtalyan çimi çeşidi (Devis, Baqueano, Caramba, Vallivert, Trinova, Vespolini) bitki materyali olarak kullanılmıştır. Çalışma tesadüf blokları deneme desenine göre üç tekrarlamalı olarak yürütülmüştür. Çalışmada; yeşil ot, kuru ot, ham protein verimleri, ham protein oranı, Asit deterjanda çözünmeyen lif (ADF) oranı, nötr deterjanda çözünmeyen lif (NDF) oranı, sindirilebilir kuru madde (SKM) oranı, kuru madde tüketimi (KMT) oranı, nispi yem değeri (NYD)’ne ait veriler ele alınmıştır. Çalışma sonucunda; yeşil ot verimi 3377,33-4457,67 kg/da, kuru ot verimi 808,13-1051,83 kg/da, ham protein oranı %17,58-21,13, ham protein verimi 154,00-179,57 kg/da, ADF oranı %38,33-40,67, NDF oranı %55,00-63,37, SKM oranı %57,22-%59,04, KMT oranı %1,893-2,183 ve NYD 86,44-99,55 arasında değişmiştir. Araştırmada, incelenen ADF ve SKM oranları dışındaki tüm özellikler bakımından çeşitler arasında farklılıklar belirlenmiştir. En fazla yeşil ot verimi Trinova çeşidinde, en fazla kuru ot verimi, KMT oranı ve NYD Vallivert çeşidinde, en fazla ham protein oranı Vespolini çeşidinde, en az NDF oranı Vallivert çeşidinde, en fazla ham protein verimi ve SKM oranı Baqueano çeşidinde, en az ADF oranı Baqueano çeşidinde tespit edilmiştir. Elde edilen bu sonuçlar neticesinde; Bingöl ekolojik koşulları için yeşil ot ve ham protein verimleri bakımından Baqueano çeşidinin, NDF, KMT oranları ve NYD bakımından ise Vallivert çeşidinin ekilmesi önerilmektedir.
The Role of Youth in Overcoming Problems Related Sinabung Volcano Eruption
Authors: Tanjung Yesi Chairani , Saragih Erika Revida , Purwoko Agus
Published: October 2020

Youth is one of the important human resources to increase their capacity. The number developed sufficiently. It shows that the nation's change is occurred very significant. In the disaster management, the youth certainly has a very important role to maintain the regional resilience. So that young people must be prepared to overcome threats and challenges related disasters that cannot be predicted. This study aims to determine how the role of youth in overcoming problems related Sinabung Volcano Eruption in Tiganderket Sub-District, Karo District, North Sumatra. This research uses qualitative methods. In this study, there are three informants interviewed. They are; 1) The Secretary of BPBD (Regional Disaster Management Agency, Karo District, 2) Youth Leaders, and 3) The local community who were presented in the form of scientific analysis. The results of this study indicate that: The Effectiveness of Youth's Role in overcoming Sinabung Volcano Eruption, Tiganderket Sub-district, Karo District, North Sumatra has not been able to tackle effectively. It can be measured from the level of Youth involvement to play a role in overcoming the disaster. It can look from the three phases which are Pre -disasters, During-disasters, and Post-disasters. The youth in Tiganderket Sub-district Only involved when the disaster happened.
Ethnic Issues in China's Northwest Frontier Regions and Its Solutions
Authors: Liao Yang , Meng Li
Published: October 2020

The Northwestern Frontier of China is different from the Northwestern China in that it is only a part of the Northwestern China that is close to the border of the country. The geographic space of the northwestern frontier in different periods of Chinese history has changed with the effective governance of the Chinese central government. The ethnic issues in the northwestern frontier have their basic historical background and time and space. The types of ethnic issues in China’s northwest frontier areas are not the same, but they are basically manifested in internal socio-economic and cultural development issues and external ethnic interaction issues, as well as transnational (border) ethnic issues and ethnic religious issues, such as ethnic separatism and extreme religion. Doctrine and violent terrorism are only part of it, not all of it. To this end, it is necessary to "prescribe the right medicine" for different types of ethnic problems and formulate different effective "prescriptions" to solve ethnic problems in order to realize the "Chinese dream" of harmonious socialist ethnic relations in China.
Pengaruh Penerapan E-SPT Pajak Pertambahan Nilai Terhadap Pengisian SPT Pajak Pertambahan Nilai Pada Kantor Pelayanan Pajak Pratama Makassar Selatan
Authors: Daud Dahniyar
Published: October 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui penerapan e-SPT berpengaruh terhadap efisiensi pengisian SPT pada KPP Pratama Makassar Selatan. Pengumpulan data menggunakan data primer yang diperoleh dari kuesioner dengan menggunakan teknik probability sampling. Populasinya adalah seluruh wajib pajak yang terdaftar di KPP Pratama Makassar Selatan sebanyak 17.675 wajib pajak, sedangkan sampelnya berjumlah 100 responden. Hasil kuesioner tersebut setelah diuji validitas dan realibilitasnya, juga telah diuji asumsi klasik berupa asumsi normalitas, asumsi multikoloneoritas dan asumsi heteroskedastisitasnya. Metode analisis data menggunakan analisis statistic deskriptif dan analisis statistic inferensial dan tehnik analisi yang digunakan regresi sederhana. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penerapan e-SPT PPN berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap efisiensi pengisian SPT PPN pada kantor pelayanan pajak  Pratama Makassar Selatan.
Analisis Peningkatan Pendapatan UKM Pengguna Dana Kredit Usaha Rakyat (KUR) Pada PT. BNI KCP Mattoanging Pangkep
Authors: SE Fitri , Anggraeni Dewi
Published: October 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis seberapa besar peningkatan pendapatan UKM pengguna dana KUR dan menguji kelayakan pada Bank BNI KCP Mattoanging Pangkep. Penelitian ini telah dilaksanakan di PT. BNI KCP Mattoanging Pangkep dengan pendekatan kuantitatif. Instrument yang digunakan berupa wawancara kepada 40 UKM. Analisis data teknik statistic dengan menggunakan tabulasi dan persentase. Sedangkan untuk mengetahui perbandingan nilai sekarang dari manfaat yang diterima digunakan revenue cost ratio atau analisis B/C ratio. Berdasarkan  hasil penelitian maka dapat  di simpulkan bahwa peningkatan pendapatan UKM pengguna dana KUR meningkat sebesar Rp. 381.012.000, per tahun atau sebesar 50,60%, dan Kredit Usaha Rakyat yang di berikan oleh PT BNI KCP Mattoanging Pangkep secara keseluruhan layak untuk di teruskan.
Pengaruh Surat Teguran dan Surat Paksa Terhadap Pembayaran Tunggakan Pajak Pada Kantor Pelayanan Pajak (KPP) Pratama Makassar Barat
Authors: Azaab Andi Patiware , Hidayatullah Andi Arif
Published: October 2020

Upaya-upaya penagihan pajak yang dilakukan Direktorat Jenderal Pajak sesuai dengan Undang-Undang Nomor 19 Tahun 2000 adalah dengan cara memberikan surat teguran kepada wajib pajak yang tidak membayar hutang pajak sampai dengan jatuh tempo pembayaran dan penerbitan surat paksa terhadap wajib pajak yang tetap tidak melunasi hutang pajaknya setelah diberikan surat teguran. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah Surat Teguran dan Surat Paksa berpengaruh terhadap Pembayaran Tunggakan Pajak pada Kantor Pelayanan Pajak (KPP) Pratama Makassar Barat. Pengumpulan data menggunakan data sekunder. Populasinya adalah jumlah surat teguran dan surat paksa yang diterbitkan serta jumlah pembayaran atas tunggakan pajak pada Kantor Pelayanan Pajak (KPP) Pratama Makassar Barat selama 36 bulan terhitung sejak Januari 2015 hingga Desember 2017, sampel pada penelitian ini menggunakan sampel jenuh dimana seluruh populasi  dijadikan sampel. Uji asumsi klasik yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu uji normalitas, uji multikolonieritas, dan uji heteroskedastisitas. Metode analisis data menggunakan  analisis regresi linear berganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa variabel Surat Teguran dan Surat Paksa berpengaruh negatif dan tidak signifikan terhadap Pembayaran Tunggakan pajak.
Perhitungan Harga Pokok Produksi Berdasarkan Activity Based Costing Pada PT. Sang Hyang Seri (Persero) Kantor Regional VI Kabupaten Sidrap
Authors: - Fitriadi
Published: October 2020

Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk membandingkan antara perhitungan harga pokok yang diterapkan oleh PT. Sang Hyang Seri (Persero) dengan Metode Activity Based Costing System. Perhitungan harga pokok produksi dengan menggunakan activity based costing memberikan hasil yang berbeda dengan perhitungan yang selama ini digunakan oleh PT. Sang Hyang Seri (Persero). Perhitungan dengan menggunakan pendekatan ABC menghasilkan harga pokok produksi yang lebih akurat karena masing-masing cost pool per aktivitas telah dialokasikan ke dalam unit produk sesuai dengan penggunaan sumber daya yang dikonsumsinya. Perhitungan harga pokok dengan pendekatan ABC selain untuk menghasilkan akurasi dalam konsumsi biaya, juga berpengaruh dalam tingkat keakurasian volume produksi yang dihasilkan.
E-Spt Dalam Meningkatkan Kepatuhan Pelaporan Pph 21 Pada Kpp Pratama Makassar Barat
Authors: Nurdin Muh , Yasin Noor WK Muh
Published: October 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui penerapan e­-SPT dalam meningkatkan kepatuhan pelaporan PPh 21 pada KPP Pratama Makassar Barat. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskriptif kualitatif, yaitu penulis memberikan gambaran atau penjelasan yang tepat secara objektif mengenai keadaan yang sebenarnya diteliti. Untuk memperoleh data yang diperlukan, penulis melakukan kegiatan pengumpulan data dengan cara wawancara dan observasi. Penelitian dilakukan selama satu bulan, yakni bulan April sampai dengan bulan Mei 2018. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penerapan e-SPT belum dapat meningkatkan kepatuhan Wajib Pajak dalam melaporkan PPh 21 pada KPP Pratama Makassar Barat karena setiap tahunnya pelaporan PPh 21 mengalami penurunan yang signifikan dari tahun 2015 sampai dengan tahun 2017.
Analisis Perhitungan Penyusutan Aset Tetap Menurut Standar Akuntansi Keuangan Dan Peraturan Perpajakan Pada PT. Gowa Makassar Tourism Tbk
Authors: Arisanty Razak Linda , Istiqamah Qalbi , L Risna Sitti , Nur Suhailah Waode , Andrini Ningsih , _ Agustina
Published: October 2020

Dalam menghitung penyusutan aset tetap perusahaan dapat menggunakan standar akuntansi keuangan dan peraturan perpajakan. Perbedaan beban penyusutan antara perusahaan dan perpajakan dapat menimbulkan adanya koreksi fiskal. Tujuan dari koreksi fiskal yaitu untuk menyesuaikan laba komersial dengan ketentuan perpajakan sehingga diperoleh laba fiskal. Jenis penelitian ini yaitu analisis deskriftif kiantitatif. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa perusahaan telah mengitung beban penyusutan sesuai dengan standar akuntansi keuangan tetapi belum melakukan perhitungan beban penyusutan berdasarkan ketentuan perpajakan. Perbedaan antara beban penyusutan menurut standar akuntansi keuangan dengan peraturan perpajakan menyebabkan terjadinya fiskal positif dimana laba komersial sebesar Rp. 61.443.212.441 sedangakan laba fiskal sebesar Rp 62.487.316.096.
Melawan Kapitalisme : Menguak Dimensi Kecurangan Travel Ibadah Umroh
Authors: Kamal Arman , Gustiningsih Diah Ayu
Published: October 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguak dimensi kecurangan (Fraud) travel umroh di Sulawesi Selatan dengan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode fenomenologi. Dengan menggunakan data hasil wawancara dengan berbagai informan, hasil penelitian menunjukkan dimensi kecurangan (fraud) yang ditemukan pada kasus kecurangan penyelenggaraan ibadah umroh travel Abu Tours terbagi menjadi empat dimensi yaitu kecurangan disebabkan karena adanya peluang (opportunity), greedy (Keserakahan), tekanan (pressure) dan Kemampuan (capability). Penelitian ini berkontribusi  bagi regulator yang memiliki wewenang dalam mengatur pelaksanaan ibadah umroh agar mengeluarkan regulasi yang dapat mencegah kecurangan oleh penyelenggara.

Kata Kunci : Fraud, dimensi fraud
Pengaruh Free Float Terhadap Likuiditas Saham Pada Perusahaan-Perusahaan Yang Tercatat Di Bursa Efek Indonesia
Authors: Nurhaeda Andi
Published: October 2020

Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI) didirikan dengan tujuan untuk menyelenggarakan perdagangan efek yang teratur, wajar, dan efisien dan peran sebagai regulator untuk membuat dan menetapkan peraturan di pasar modal. Pada tahun 2014 BEI menerbitkan “Peraturan Bursa Efek Indonesia No. Keo-00001/BEI/01-2014” mengenai perubahan atas peraturan I-A tentang pencatatan saham dan efek bersifat ekuitas dengan tujuan peningkatan likuiditas saham yang tercatat di BEI. Selain itu, BEI juga mengharsuskan. Penyempurnaan tersebut mengharuskan LQ45 dan IDX30 menerapkan free float 30% (mulai 01 Februari 2019), dan 100% (mulai 01 Agustus 2019). Berdasarkan hal tersebut, penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui pengaruh free float terhadap likuiditas saham dengan menggunakan variabel kontrol return saham, size, debt to equity, dan volatilitas pada perusahaan yang terdaftar di BEI. Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah perusahaan yang tercatat sebagai saham LQ45. Adapun data yang digunakan adalah data free float, harga saham penutupan bulanan, volume transaksi bulanan. Penelitian ini menggunakan analisis regresi linier berganda dengan menggunakan aplikasi E-Views 10 untuk menjawab pertanyaan penelitian. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa free float ratio memiliki pengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap likuiditas saham baik secara individu maupun parsial.
Pengaruh Sanksi Administrasi Dan Surat Paksa Terhadap Optimalisasi Pencairan Tunggakan Pajak Pada KPP Pratama Makassar Utara
Authors: - Nuramal
Published: October 2020

This study aims to determine the effect of Administrative Sanctions and Forced Letters on Optimizing Disbursement of Tax Arrears at the Pratama Tax Office North Makassar. Data collection uses secondary data obtained from the Pratama Makassar North Tax Service Office. The population is 36 tax payers and the sample is 36. The data analysis method uses multiple linear regression techniques. The results of this study indicate that administrative sanctions show a positive and significant. This means that administrative sanctions have a positive effect on optimizing the disbursement of tax arrears. The forced letter shows positive and significant. This means that forced letters have a positive and significant effect on optimizing the disbursement of tax arrears.
Pengaruh Leverage Operasi Dan Leverage Keuangan Terhadap Laba Per Lembar Saham Pada Perusahaan Go Public
Authors: Yunus Muhammad
Published: October 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh variabel Leverage Operasi dan Leverage Keuangan secara parsial dan simultan terhadap laba per lembar saham. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian adalah data sekunder yang diperoleh dari BEI yaitu laporan keuangan dari tahun 2015-2018. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh laporan keuangan perusahaan Go Public Sub Sektor Makanan dan Minuman yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia yang sejumlah 26 perusahaan. Teknik pemilihan sampel menggunakan metode purposive sampling dan diperoleh 13 perusahaan. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis regresi linier berganda. Hasil yang di peroleh dalam penelitian ini adalah secara parsial Leverage Operasi (DOL) berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap laba per lembar saham (EPS) dengan nilai nilai thitung < ttabel (2.630 > -1.690) dan nilai signifikan lebih kecil 0.05 (0.013 < 0.05). Sedangkan variabel Leverage Keuangan (DFL) berpengaruh secara negatif dan tidak signifikan terhadap laba per lembar saham (EPS) dengan nilai thitung > ttabel (-1.892 > -1.690) dan nilai signifikansi lebih besar dari 0,05 (0.067 > 0.05). Kemudian secara simultan Leverage Operasi (DOL) dan Leverage Keuangan (DFL) berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap laba per lembar saham (EPS) dengan nilai Fhitung > Ftabel (4.389 > 0.051) dengan nilai signifikansi lebih kecil dari 0.05 (0.020 < 0.05).