bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Non-invasive follicular thyroid neoplasm with papillary-like nuclear features (NIFTP) in Mureș County, Romania: Incidence and impact of reclassification over a six-year period (2016-2021)
Authors: Nechifor-Boilă Adela , Cota Ancuța , Szasz Emoke-Andrea , Cătană Ramona , Borda Angela
Published: December 2023

Objective: In 2016 a group of expert endocrine pathologists proposed a new terminology, NIFTP (Non-invasive follicular thyroid neoplasm with papillary-like nuclear features) for a histological subtype of thyroid carcinoma (encapsulated follicular variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma, non-invasive type). In this study, we aimed to assess on a retrospective basis the epidemiological trend and overall incidence of NIFTP in Mureș county, Romania, over a six-year period (2016-2021).

Methods: All NIFTPs registered between 2016-2021 in Târgu-Mureș Pathology Departments were reevaluated. NIFTP’s incidence was calculated by dividing the number of NIFTPs with the number of papillary thyroid carcinomas (PTCs). Further on, we compared NIFTP’s incidence between 2016-2018 with NIFTP’s incidence between 2019-2021, as the diagnostic criteria of NIFTP were revised in 2018.

Results: Forty-six cases of NIFTP were registered in our departments between 2016-2021, resulting in an overall NIFTP incidence of 17.9 % [CI (95%): 7.6-32.5] among the 257 PTCs. When we compared the NIFTP’ incidence between the two study periods (2016-2018 versus 2019-2021), our data revealed that the NIFTP’s overall incidence has dropped from 21.4 % [CI (95%): −14.5-60.1] to 15% [CI (95%): −8.2-43] in the second evaluated period (p=0.034).

Conclusion: The overall NIFTP incidence was low in our departments between 2016-2021. Moreover, NIFTP’s incidence decreased after 2018, following revision of the diagnostic criteria. Our results highlight that very stringent morphologic criteria need to be apply when making a diagnosis of NIFTP, in order to avoid a misdiagnosis and/or an overtreatment of a tumor with indolent behavior.
Landscape as the Basic Potential of the Regional Development (Case Study: The Važec Village, Slovakia)
Authors: Izakovičová Zita , Petluš Peter , Hladká Alexandra , Petrovič František
Published: December 2023

The development of each spatial unit is determined by the capital, whether natural or socioeconomic, which it possesses. Natural capital is determined by the properties of individual natural components of the landscape, both abiotic and biotic sources. Socioeconomic capital is linked to a socioeconomic activities in the landscape. Capital creates certain prerequisites for the development of individual socioeconomic activities. Society does not always optimally use the offered potential, which is connected with the manifestation of various environmental problems. The paper focuses on the presentation of the methodical procedure of natural capital evaluation on the example of the village of Važec. The methodological procedure is based on an integrated approach to the landscape. It focuses on the assessment of both natural capital and limiting factors resulting from the development of socioeconomic activities, namely: – positive arising from the needs of nature and landscape protection, as well as from the protection of natural resources, – negative (stress factors) linked to the contamination of environmental components, which in retrospect in relation to socioeconomic activities act as hygienic limits.
An Approach for Analysis and Assessment of the Pollution Indices of the Struma River in the Bulgarian Section
Authors: Petrov Mitko Mladenov
Published: December 2023

In this work, 13 pollution indices in 10 stations of the Struma river in the Bulgarian section are investigated: temperature (T°C), pH, dissolved oxygen (DO), oxygen saturation (SO2), electrical conductivity (EC), biological oxygen demand (BOD), permanganate oxidation (KMn3O4), ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N), nitrite nitrogen (NO2-N), nitrate nitrogen (NO3-N), orthophosphates (PO4), dissolved substances (DS), and unsolved substances (US). The analysis and assessment of the studied indices of pollution of the Struma river in the Bulgarian section is carried out by means of a recently proposed multi-criteria decision-making method called intercriteria decision analysis (ICDA). Application of ICDA showed that we have a degree of agreement for T°C for all stations with very few exceptions. This also applies to DO, KMn3O4, SO2 and EC. We had a degree of disagreement for all other indices. From the conducted research, it can be concluded that for all indicators, it is necessary to develop mathematical models in the studied stations according to the studied indicators of the Struma river in Bulgaria. The application of ICDA allows us to examine the correlations between individual indicators and eliminate those that are highly dependent on each other.
Ontogenetic Structure of Populations of Phlomis nubilans (Lamiaceae) in Uzbekistan Under Drought Climate
Authors: Akhmedov Akbar , Beshko Natalya , Keldiyorov Xudoyor , Umurzakova Zebo , Hasanov Murtoza , Atayeva Shoxira , Rasulova Zebo , Shokhzod Nematov , Maruf Sherkulov , Jumayev Numonjon
Published: December 2023

The current study presents data on the structure of populations of an endemic species Phlomis nubilans Zakirov under a drought climate. The rare species P. nubilans belongs to the respective endemic genus of Uzbekistan. We studied the ontogenetic structure of populations, and the current state of P. nubilans populations was estimated based on a set of climate factors.

The study focused on the ontogenetic structure of two populations of P. nubilans, revealing that the examined populations grew under drought conditions. The ontogenetic structure was incomplete, that is, it did not include all age groups. Their ontogenetic spectrum was centered and coincided with the characteristic spectrum. The research determined that the ontogenetic type was mature. The studied populations do have not any young plants (juvenile, immature, virginal) due to extreme drought conditions and various factors of elimination, including irregular seed propagation.
Bird’s Consortium Ties with Parthenocissus inserta (A. Kern.) Fritsch., 1922 on the Example of Forest Parks and City Phytocenoses in Kyiv City (Ukraine)
Authors: Gaychenko Vitaly , Shupova Tatiana , Illienko Volodymyr
Published: December 2023

Parthenocissus inserta (A. Kern.) Fritsch. adapts to living in the forests of Ukraine. The influence of P. inserta on native species and its consortial ties with representatives of the secondary ranges biota, in particular birds, has not been studied. The purpose of this study is to make an inventory of the consorts’ ornithocomplexes of P. inserta, to give a comparative analysis of topic and trophic consorts as a result of an introduced species’ participation in the transformation of habitat’s conditions. The material was collected from 2019 to 2022 in forest parks and urban green spaces of the Kyiv city. The bird distribution was determined by the standard method of counting birds at points. Exactly 12.2 ha of P. inserta plantations were surveyed. Trophic consortium relationships of P. inserta with 32 bird species and topic ones with six bird species were revealed. The species composition of consorts was higher in forest fragments than in urban plantations (26 and 21 species, respectively). In the ornithocomplexes of P. inserta consorts in forest biotopes, there was a smaller pressure of dominant species and a more evenly ranked distribution of species by abundance than in urbanized ones. The similarity of the consort’s species composition in urbanized and natural biotopes according to the Sorensen index was 0.64, in consorts 1 and 2 of the consortium concentres was 0.32, and in topic and trophic consorts was 0.27. According to the status of stay in the region, trophic consorts of P. inserta were mainly resident birds – 20 species (62.50%), wintering birds – six species (18.75%), and birds migrating through the region – six species of birds (18.75%). Among the topic consorts, there were four species of sedentary species and two species arriving for nesting. Principal component analysis revealed the largest positive relationship between P. inserta planting area and the number of consort bird species nesting (0.999) and feeding (0.889) on girlish vine plants. We predict that in the future, P. inserta will be more strongly woven into the matter cycle of the secondary range ecosystems. The study of consortial relationships between invasive plants and birds, taking into account the knowledge of the ecological characteristics of consort birds, will make it possible to more effectively prevent the spread of plants into natural biotopes.
Female Language in Popular Science
Authors: Limnios Olga A.
Published: December 2023

Fewer women than men are involved in STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics) fields and one of the reasons might be a lack of exposure to familiar linguistic structures in reading materials designed to spark interest and to recruit new scientists. Popular science, as a multifaceted genre, creates an accessible kind of exposure to the scientific world that can potentially lead to a career in that field. Considering this potential of the genre and keeping in mind that most popular science is written by men, the present study examined fifteen articles (five written by men, five by women, and five co-written by authors of both genders) for the presence of female language. Female language was differentiated from gendered language (which is tied to female stereotypes) and identified based on the frequency of certain linguistic markers found in texts produced by women. The results demonstrate that women and teams of authors that include women write differently than men do, thus confirming previous investigations into differences in linguistic production between men and women. The study suggests that exposing young women considering a career in science to popular science written by females might be beneficial in cementing their aspirations, as language has a strong connection to self-perceived gender identity.
Comparison of outcomes of different modalities of renal replacement therapy in patients of acute kidney injury: a single centre prospective observational study
Authors: Aggarwal H. K. , Jain Deepak , Agarwal Arpit , Dahiya Shaveta , Misra Prabhakar , Saha Arup
Published: December 2023

Background

Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) is one of the most important causes of in-hospital mortality. The global burden of AKI continues to rise without a marked reduction in mortality. As such, the use of renal replacement therapy (RRT) forms an integral part of AKI management, especially in critically ill patients. There has been much debate over the preferred modality of RRT between continuous, intermittent and intermediate modes. While there is abundant data from Europe and North America, data from tropical countries especially the Indian subcontinent is sparse. Our study aims to provide an Indian perspective on the dialytic management of tropical AKI in a tertiary care hospital setup.

Methods

90 patients of AKI, 30 each undergoing Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy (CRRT), Intermittent Hemodialysis (IHD) and SLED (Sustained Low-Efficiency Dialysis) were included in this prospective cohort study. At the end of 28 days of hospital stay, discharge or death, outcome measures were ascertained which included mortality, duration of hospital stay, recovery of renal function and requirement of RRT after discharge. In addition median of the net change of renal parameters was also computed across the three groups. Lastly, Kaplan Meier analysis was performed to assess the probability of survival with the use of each modality of RRT.

Results

There was no significant difference in the primary outcome of mortality between the three cohorts (p=0.27). However, CRRT was associated with greater renal recovery (p= 0.015) than IHD or SLED. On the other hand, SLED and IHD were associated with a greater net reduction in blood urea (p=0.004) and serum creatinine (p=0.053).

Conclusion

CRRT, IHD and SLED are all complementary to each other and are viable options in the treatment of AKI patients.
Sustainable Development Goals and The Role of Food Banks in Fighting Hunger and Food Waste in the State of Paraná-Brazil
Authors: Kuasoski Marli , Massuga Flavia , Doliveira Sérgio Luis Dias
Published: December 2023

Objective: This article aims to analyze how food banks in the state of Paraná, Brazil, contribute to meeting the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).   Theoretical framework: Reducing food waste is essential for reducing environmental, social and economic impacts and contributes directly to achieving SDGs 2 and 12. Food banks make a significant contribution to directing food that has no commercial value, but is suitable for human consumption, to the food and nutrition insecure population.   Method: The methods used were descriptive, bibliographical and a multiple case study, with semi-structured interviews with food bank managers.   Results and conclusion: The results show that SDGs 2 and 12 have been directly met. Specifically, in relation to targets 2.1 and 2.2, the practices seek to allocate food to people who are food and nutrition insecure (children, the elderly, hospitals and care homes). As for meeting target 12.3, there is a very intense movement by food banks to combat food waste, in order to increase food collection from donors, raise awareness among the population about the problems of food waste, support family farming with food purchases and, internally, develop minimum processing practices for food at an advanced stage of ripeness. Research implications: This study contributes by demonstrating the practices developed by food banks that come closer to the SDGs and favor the development of a fairer and more sustainable society.   Originality/value: This study proposed bringing SDGs 2 and 12 closer to the role played by food banks, adding value to scientific knowledge.
Circular Economy and Reverse Logistics: a Systematic Review
Authors: De Almeida Iasmim Taísle Gomes Vanderlei , Ribeiro Ana Regina Bezerra , Floriano Leandro de Sousa , Ramalho Leila Lopes , De Araújo Ruan Samuel Chaves
Published: December 2023

Introduction: The circular economy and reverse logistics have as main objective to look for means for the final disposal of waste, that is, the waste that at first is no longer useful undergoes a new evaluation within the process of reverse logistics and consequently of circular economy for how it, identify whether this waste will be reused in another segment or destined for a specific location for that material.
 
Objective: The main objective of the study was to analyze, through a Systematic Literature Review (SLR), the relationship between Reverse Logistics and Circular Economy.
 
Method: The research is characterized as a qualitative, descriptive approach, in addition, the research was carried out through the Systematic Literature Review (SLR) taking into account the PRISMA guidelines. For data management, StArt - State of the Art through Systematic Review was used.
 
Results and discussion: A total of 1,351 studies were surveyed, after applying the study analysis strategies, 20 articles were selected, which were consistent with the inclusion criteria. It was possible to show that Brazil is the country that most contributed with studies focused on the Circular Economy and Reverse Logistics, mainly in the year 2021, which corresponds to 50% of the total analyzed in the period under study. In this way, it is noted that this relationship is increasingly on the rise, considering that they are methods that are related and that contribute significantly to the society and economy of a country.
 
Conclusion: It is considered that the process of Reverse Logistics and Circular Economy, when carried out correctly, contributes to the products at the end of the life cycle, being rescued for a new production process, being a viable reuse, aiming at the recovery of the product. Finally, this whole process depends on the joint work of end users, government, industries/companies and collectors' cooperatives.
КОМПАРАТИВНИЙ АНАЛІЗ КУЛЬТУРНОЇ ПОЛІТИКИ ЛИТВИ ТА УКРАЇНИ НАПРИКІНЦІ ХХ – ПОЧАТКУ ХХІ ст.
Authors: КОЦУР Леся
Published: December 2023

Мета дослідження полягає у порівнянні стратегій культурної політики Литви та України після відновлення їхньої незалежності на початку 1990-х рр. та запозиченні корисного досвіду для подальшого державного будівництва України й збагачення культурного простору Європи; розгляді впливу радянського минулого на культуру обох країн та виявлення шляхів повернення культурної пам’яті після відновлення Литвою і Україною незалежності; здійсненні компаративного аналізу сучасних стратегій культурної політики в досліджуваних країнах. Методологія дослідження спирається на загальнонаукові та спеціальні історичні методи. Зокрема на ретроспективний та історико-генетичний метод, які уможливили виявити вплив культурної політики попереднього історичного періоду на формування нових чинників, які суттєво позначилися на культурній політиці Литви та України після відновлення ними незалежності. Своєю чергою, компаративний аналіз дав змогу не тільки порівняти стратегії обох країн у сфері культурного розвитку, а й відстежити низку схожих та відмінних політик у цій площині. Методологічну основу статті доповнюють принципи історизму, послідовності, наукового плюралізму, об’єктивності, системності та всебічності. Висновки. Запропоноване дослідження свідчить, що і Литва, і Україна мають потужне культурне нашарування, яке упродовж тривалого часу було не тільки сховане під ідеологічним нашаруванням Радянського Союзу, а й зазнавало системного спотворення упродовж багатьох років. Після відновлення незалежності насамперед у Литві були створені передумови для відродження традиційної (етнічної) культури на загальнодемократичних принципах, натомість в Україні, в перші десятиліття незалежності, відновленню етнічної культури на загальнодержавному рівні майже не надавалася увага. Хоча досвід Литви показує, що ці кроки для країни були вкрай необхідні зокрема, для того, щоб зміцнити загальнонаціональну ідентичність громадян. Не менш важливою для Литви та України є реалізація регіональної культурної політики, особливо якщо поглянути на цю сферу під кутом зору відцентрових тенденцій і політизації регіонів, які час від часу мають місце в обох країнах. Найбільш подібними в Литві, і в Україні є підходи до реалізації культурної політики через провідні державні інституції – Раду культури Литви та Український культурний фонд, які особливий акцент роблять на розвиток культурних і креативних індустрій. Аналітичні дані цих установ свідчать про потужний, хоч і дещо відмінний потенціал обох країн в цій галузі. Особливо це стосується України, яка є однією з найбільших країн Європи як територіально, так і за показниками людського й інтелектуального капіталу. Пласт її культури може не тільки суттєво збагатити європейську культурну спадщину, а й показати історичну тяглість та взаємопроникнення культур на європейському континенті упродовж багатьох століть.

Ключові слова: Україна, Литовська Республіка, Литва, стратегія, культура, традиції, пам’ять.
ПОЛЬСЬКІ ЖІНОЧІ ЧАСОПИСИ МОДИ У ЛЬВОВІ (кінець ХІХ – перша половина ХХ ст.): ПОЛІТИЧНІ ВПЛИВИ ЗАХІДНОЄВРОПЕЙСЬКИХ ВИДАНЬ
Authors: ПАВЛЮХ Марія , ФАЙНИК Адріана , ДОРМУС Катаржина
Published: December 2023

У статті проаналізовано політичний уплив західноєвропейських часописів на польські жіночі часописи моди, які виходили у Львові та на території Варшави, Кракова, Відня у кінці ХІХ – першій половині ХХ ст. Польські жіночі видання моди пройшли процес трансформації: від додатків поважних суспільно-політичних до самостійних видань; від салонових видань моди до суспільно-політичних часописів, присвячених активності жінок у політичному та суспільному житті. Мета статті – дослідити тематичне поле польських жіночих часописів моди, що виходили у Львові та поширювалися в інших європейських містах; простежити трансформаційні процеси становлення польської політичної жіночої періодики кінця ХІХ – першої половини ХХ ст., які постали із жіночих часописів моди і зазнали суттєвого упливу західноєвропейських часописів. Методи дослідження. У статті використано порівняльно-історичний, структурно-системний, проблемно-хронологічний підходи в аналізі тематики і проблематики польських жіночих періодичних видань моди, які зазнали впливів західноєвропейських часописів; аналіз і синтез проблематики польських жіночих часописів; компаративний аналіз у зіставленні й протиставленні тематичного поля польських жіночих часописів моди. Структурно-системний метод уможливив відстежити процес трансформації польських жіночих видань моди. Наукова новизна. Досліджено процес трансформації польських жіночих часописів моди кінця ХІХ – початку ХХ ст. у суспільно-політичні, які зазнали значних європейських упливів; виокремлено головні риси тематичного поля польських жіночих видань, характерні для їх публікацій; встановлено загальні тенденції розвитку жанрових особливостей цієї групи жіночих часописів,  їхній зв’язок із українськими жіночими часописами моди. Висновки. Польські жіночі часописи моди, які виходили у Львові і поширювалися на території Варшави, Кракова та Відня зазнали суттєвої трансформації: від часописів моди розважального характеру до суспільно-політичних видань. Цим процесам сприяли західноєвропейські часописи моди.

Ключові слова: трансформаційні процеси, польські жіночі часописи моди, салонові видання, розважальна жіноча преса.
Mapping the Dispersion Pollution Load of Animal Waste and Investigating its Environmental Effects: The Case of Karaman
Authors: Argun Yusuf Alparslan , Çakmakcı Özgür
Published: December 2023

Animal wastes are not stored correctly and are used haphazardly without control in agricultural lands. As a result, it causes many irreparable environmental pollution, especially water pollution. These wastes, which are described as diffuse pollution, cause pollution of both underground and surface water resources directly or indirectly and even make them unusable. In this research, waste generation as a result of animal breeding in Karaman province, its districts, neighborhoods and villages and the effects of animal wastes on environmental pollution were evaluated with distributed pollutant load calculations. In the study, the number of 1019277 ovine and 81368 bovine in Karaman in 2022 was used. The total nitrogen (TN) produced annually by the animals has been calculated as 1,723.23 tons/year, and the total phosphorus (TP) amount is determined as 124.23 tons/year. Additionally, for large ruminant animals, the annual total amount of dry manure is 130,305.77 tons, and for small ruminant animals, it is 41,984.27 tons. To prevent environmental pollution, these wastes should be stored in closed areas in compliance with standards, and processes such as composting, drying, and biogas production should be applied. By doing so, not only can environmental pollution be mitigated but also economic value can be obtained. The proper management and utilization of these wastes have high economic potential and can contribute to sustainable development, supporting the country’s economy. In addition, this study is a source for researchers working in the field in calculating the pollution load of animal wastes and is thought to be a guide for decision makers and practitioners.
The Rational Use of Oxalic Acid Against to “Varroa Destructor”; Regional Scale Pilot Scheme
Authors: Yılmaz Fatih , Sevin Sedat , Akdeniz Gökhan , Öztürk Seyit Hasan , Kuvancı Ahmet , Ese Hasan , Buldağ Mücahit , Ayvaz Baykal Gülden
Published: December 2023

Varroa destructor mite poses a serious problem for the future of bee populations around the world. Today, there are many commercial drugs with the same and different active ingredients on the market to chemically control over of Varroa destructor. More frequent chemical applications for against Varroa destructor increases stress resilience, colony losses, loss of yield and residue problems in bee products. The scope of this project is aimed to determine the appropriate control method of Varroa by investigating the efficiency values of the evaporation and dropping methods of Oxalic acid. Experimental area were chosen three different apiaries. 28 colonies were determined in each apiary and equalization studies (area with brood, number of bees with bees, age of queen bees, honey, pollen, etc.) were carried out in these colonies. The determined colonies were randomly divided into 4 groups as 7 colonies. The first group is the control group, the second group is applying 2 g of oxalic acid by vaporizing, the third group is 4% oxalic acid 5 ml of sugar syrup (1:1) is dropped between the frames, and in the fourth group, the fight against a drug that is determined by the beekeeper in the market without interfering with the beekeeper. In order to evaluate the data, samples were taken for four periods, before and after spraying in spring and autumn. While the varroa measurements in the group of syrup, vapor and spraying were found to be statistically less than the control group, the syrup, vapor and spraying groups were statistically similar in terms of varroa measurements. Oxalic acid syrup application showed higher efficiency in spring and autumn than vapor application. There is no statistically difference between both two-application method reveals that it can be used as an effective and safe alternative to chemical control against varroa.
Insecticidal Effect of a Natural Turkish Diatomaceous Earth Formulation on Greater Wax Moth
Authors: Güneşdoğdu Mustafa , Bayram Ali , Işıkber Ali Arda , Şekeroğlu Ahmet , Bozkurt Hüseyin
Published: December 2023

In this study, the insecticidal effect of the Detech® (Turkish Diatomaceous earth) DE formulation against Galleria mellonella L. was determined. The study was conducted in a laboratory environment with materials taken from beehives produced at Muş Alparslan University in 2022. Diatomaceous earth (DE) was applied in two different forms (dust and slurry DE) and as positive control GüveSavar®, which is currently used against some pests in beekeeping. DE concentrations of 0, 3, 5, and 7 g/m2 in different exposure times were tested for the control of G. mellonella larvae. As a result of all treatments, the highest mortality occurred at 7 g/m2 dust DE concentration. Larvae (3rd stage) exposed to 7 g/m2 concentration according to dust DE mortality rates reached 100% mortality after 40 hours. According to the results of the slurry DE, the larvae exposed to the slurry diatom at all concentrations achieved 100% mortality at the end of the 96 hours. When the dust and slurry DE results were examined, the direct use of dust formulations greatly accelerated the effectiveness against larvae. The study showed very promising results, suggesting that slurry DE and dust formulations could be a new alternative control method for Greater Wax Moth. In addition, for the first time, the insecticidal efficacy of DE against the honey bee pest, the greater wax moth, was determined.
Exploring the Efficacy of Essential Oils in Laboratory Conditions for Controlling Mediterranean Fruit Fly Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann) (Diptera: Tephritidae)
Authors: Özdemir Esengül
Published: December 2023

The Mediterranean fruit fly (Medfly), Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann) (Diptera: Tephritidae), poses a significant threat to agriculture worldwide. This study examines the potential insecticidal effects of essential oils from Mentha arvensis and Cinnamomum zeylanicum on controlling C. capitata under laboratory conditions. Even at low concentrations, toxicity assays indicated that both essential oils significantly increased the mortality of adult Medflies. The concentration-dependent effect of these oils on C. capitata mortality is demonstrated, with Mentha arvensis achieving 100% mortality within 48 hours at 1% concentration and Cinnamomum zeylanicum exhibiting rapid efficacy, reaching a low LC50 value after only 1 hour of application. The concentration and application time of essential oils were found to have a significant impact on their effectivness. This study highlights the potential of essential oils for controlling C. capitata populations. Essential oils offer a sustainable and eco-friendly alternative for managing C. capitata but further studies are necessary for their successful incorporation into integrated pest management programs.
Potential Renal Effects of Cigarette Smoking in the Diabetic State-A review
Authors: Kundu Swarup Kumar , Tanny Badhan Roy
Published: December 2023

Diabetes is an alarming global systemic metabolic disorder that can pose a major threat to patients. The serious consequences of cigarette smoking on the diabetic kidney are not well known among people in different countries. According to different studies, smoking enhances albuminuria in diabetic patients. On the other hand, urinary albumin is a sensitive indicator of glomerular injury. The abnormal trans-glomerular passage of albumin may be seen due to increased permeability of the glomerular capillary wall and their subsequent impaired reabsorption by the epithelial cells of the proximal tubule. Smoking with hyperglycemia increases lipid accumulation and oxidative stress, which mainly up-regulates TGF-β, accumulates AGEs, reduces nitric oxide production, and eventually causes glomerular basement membrane thickening and mesangial expansion that results in the development of glomerulosclerosis and nephropathy. The complex interaction between cigarette smoking and diabetic mellitus poses multiple challenges for researchers, physicians, and patients. Therefore, the present review article aims to find out the feasible consequences for the kidney of a diabetic patient due to the habit of cigarette smoking which may be useful for academicians and researchers in the future.
Sublingual immunotherapy tablets in monosensitized and polysensitized adults with allergic rhinoconjunctivitis
Authors: Nelson Harold S. , Bernstein David. I. , Biedermann Tilo , Nolte Hendrik
Published: December 2023

Background: Most patients with allergic rhinitis/conjunctivitis (AR/C) are sensitized to more than one allergen. An ongoing question is the efficacy of single-allergen immunotherapy in patients who are polysensitized. Objective: To evaluate the efficacy
and safety of grass, ragweed, tree, and house-dust mite (HDM) sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT) tablets in adults with AR/C who are mono- or polysensitized. Methods: Data from adults (ages ≥ 18 years) with AR/C who participated in phase III double-blind, placebo controlled
field trials (four grass, two ragweed, two HDM, one tree) were included in the post hoc analyses. Efficacy was assessed by the total combined score (TCS) (sum of AR/C daily symptom and medication scores) during the entire pollen season for grass and tree trials, and peak pollen season
for ragweed trials versus placebo. Efficacy for the HDM SLIT-tablet was assessed by the total combined rhinitis score (TCRS) (sum of rhinitis daily symptom and medication scores) during the last 8 weeks of treatment versus placebo. Results: For the grass SLIT-tablet, TCS
improved by 20% (mean difference 1.33 [95% confidence interval {CI}, 0.44‐2.22]) in the subjects who were monosensitized (n = 442) and 20% (mean difference 1.28 [95% CI, 0.90‐1.67]) in the subjects who were polysensitized (n = 1857). For the ragweed SLIT-tablet, TCS improved
by 19% (mean difference 1.72 [95% CI, −0.20 to 3.63]) in the subjects who were monosensitized (n = 115) and 27% (mean difference 2.27 [95% CI, 1.28‐3.27]) in the subjects who were polysensitized (n = 528). For the tree SLIT-tablet, TCS improved by 54% (mean difference 4.65 [95%
CI, 2.48‐6.82]) in the subjects who were monosensitized (n = 138) and 34% (mean difference 2.51 [95% CI, 1.34‐3.69]) in the subjects who were polysensitized (n = 437). For the HDM SLIT-tablet, TCRS improved by 20% (mean difference 1.24 [95% CI, 0.48‐1.99]) in the subjects
who were monosensitized (n = 468) and 17% (mean difference 0.85 [95% CI, 0.43‐1.28]) in the subjects who were polysensitized (n = 1294). The overall safety profile was not qualitatively different between the subjects who were monosensitized and the subjects who were polysensitized.
Conclusion: Grass, ragweed, tree, or HDM SLIT-tablet treatment is effective for the specific allergen in question in adults with AR/C and who are monosensitized or polysensitized. Targeting one relevant allergen with SLIT-tablets induces a clinical effect for that allergen
in patients who were polysensitized.
Evaluation of different protocols for classification of pediatric hypersensitivity reactions to nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs: Children with underlying allergic disease should be a separate subgroup
Authors: Arikoglu Tugba , Tokmeci Nazan , Demirhan Ali , Kont Ozhan Aylin , Yalaki Aysu Ilhan , Akbey Veysi , Kuyucu Semanur
Published: December 2023

Background: Different recommendations for the classification of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug hypersensitivity reactions (NSHSR) in children have been reported but a shortage still exists. Objective: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the
inclusivity of two European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (EAACI) position paper classifications and to characterize the factors that underlie classification discordance in children. Methods: Patients with a history of NSHSR were evaluated with a standardized
diagnostic protocol according to EAACI/ European Network for Drug Allergy (ENDA) recommendations. Children were classified and compared according to the EAACI 2013 and the pediatric EAACI/ENDA 2018 classifications. Subjects who were unclassified and those who were classified were compared.
Results: Of 232 patients (median [interquartile range] age 6 years (4‐11 years) with a history of NSHSR, 52 (22.4%) were confirmed with diagnostic tests. Thirty-six (69.2%) were classified as having cross-intolerance, whereas 16 patients (30.8%) were classified as selective
responders. Eleven of the confirmed cases (21.2%) could not be categorized according to the 2013 EAACI classification, whereas this number was six adolescents (11.5%) when the 2018 EAACI/ENDA pediatric classification was used. Patients who were unclassified and who were all cross-intolerant
were more likely to have atopic sensitization (p = 0.001) and asthma as an underlying disease (p = 0.03), higher serum eosinophil count (p = 0.022), and total immunoglobulin E levels (p = 0.007) compared with those who fit well into the classification. In multivariate regression analysis,
the presence of atopic sensitization (adjusted odds ratio 20.36 [95% confidence interval, 2.14‐193.48]; p = 0.009) was found to be the only significant underlying factor for an unclassified and/or blended phenotype. Conclusion: The 2013 EAACI classification resulted
in a high rate of subjects who were unclassified. Despite better clinical utility, the recent pediatric EAACI/ENDA classification system still has shortcomings in terms of inclusivity for adolescents. Mostly, children with underlying allergic diseases could not be classified by the current
guidelines. We propose to classify them as a separate pediatric cross-intolerance subgroup because the underlying mechanism may involve more than cyclooxygenase 1 inhibition.
Nurses - Workforce Commodity, or Autonomous Professionals: What Nurses Know about their Value, Working Conditions, Impacts on Patient Care, and Nursing Practice Concerns
Authors: Power-Horlick Anna
Published: December 2023

The current focus on the critical shortage of nurses puts nurses at risk for representation as a health workforce commodity, rather than being recognized as an autonomous, knowledge-based profession without which the health of Canada’s population is in jeopardy. Nurses’ knowledge and professional role includes evaluation of their career, working conditions, and impact on patients and populations of care. The concern that nurses are leaving the profession can be analyzed within a feminist perspective related to autonomy and advocacy. The focus of this reflective commentary is to highlight, at a personal and collective level, that nurses are witnesses to the conditions fueling nursing shortages, the impact on the practice environment and the structural factors influencing these areas. We are therefore compelled to articulate the seriousness of our concerns and assert our knowledge and value as a profession.
A Study on Prevalence, Profile, and Risk Factors of Developing Fungal Infection in Patients With Diabetic Foot Ulcer
Authors: SK Azharuddin , Vijayakumar Chellappa , Nelson Thirugnanasambandam , Balasubramanian Gopal , Kumar Nagarajan , Singh Rakesh
Published: December 2023

Background: Many chronic nonhealing diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) with increased rates of amputation are frequently associated with fungal infections. Purpose: To evaluate the prevalence, profile, and risk factors of developing a fungal infection in patients with DFU. Methods: This prospective observational study was carried out from October 2018 to July 2020. All adult patients with DFUs admitted to the surgery ward were recruited. Patients on antifungal therapy or who received such therapy within 6 weeks prior to admission were excluded. Three deep tissue samples were sent for bacterial culture, fungal culture, and histopathological examination of fungal elements. Results: A total of 251 patients were enrolled in the study. Of the 23.3% of patients with positive fungal growth (n = 47/202), 2% (n = 4/202) had pure fungal growth and 21.3% (n = 43/202) had mixed growth with bacteria in their ulcers (ie, non-contaminated samples). A significant association was found between wound grade (P = .027), ulcer duration (P = .028), and positive fungal growth in DFUs. Conclusions: In this study, the prevalence of fungal infection in DFUs was 23.3%; Candida tropicalis (27.08%) was the most common isolate, followed by C. albicans (20.83%). The rate of fungal infections was high in patients with mild diabetic foot infection or DFU of 7 to 14 days’ duration.
Communicative Aspects of Interaction with Forest Spirit-Deities in the Mythological Understanding of the Northern Khanty
Authors: Молданов Т.А. , Гриневич А.А.
Published: December 2023

В статье предлагается взгляд на лесных сверхъестественных существ хантыйской мифологии в свете оппозиции понятий «свой» и «чужой» по отношению к сообществу людей. Наиболее далекие от человека персонажи представлены как наиболее враждебные и наименее похожие на человека живые сущности (Вөнт ут, Мєӈк, Йаԓы). Чем больше вовлеченность сверхъестественного существа в жизнь людей, тем оно предстает более похожим на человека и более благорасположенным к нему (Миш йөх). Выявлена связь между этическими установками и представлениями о сверхъестественных существах, которые показывают социальные и экологические нормы для сообщества людей.

This article offers a view of the supernatural forest beings of Khanty mythology in the light of the opposition between “freind” and “foe” in reference to the community of human beings. The entities most remote from people are the most hostile and least like humans (the Wөnt ut, Meŋk, Jali). The greater the involvement of a supernatural being in people’s lives, the more similar it appears to humans and the more benevolent toward them (the Miš jоχ). This demonstrates the connection between ethical attitudes and ideas about supernatural beings that sets social and environmental standards for the human community.
Exploring mesoscopic mass transport effects on electrocatalytic selectivity
Authors: Heenen Hendrik H. , Pillai Hemanth S. , Reuter Karsten , Bukas Vanessa Jane
Published: December 2023

Electrocatalytic selectivity has shown a puzzling dependence on experimental parameters related to catalyst morphology or the reactor design. In this study, we explore the proposition that these effects are due to mesoscopic mass transport. Basis for the underlying mechanism is the kinetic competition that arises from exchanging surface-bound, yet volatile, reaction intermediates between the electrode and the bulk electrolyte. The electrocatalyst's morphology can be decisive in driving this competition since its surface area directly affects the probability that a diffusing species will return to the surface for continued reaction, rather than escape as an early partially-converted product. We argue that this competition is relevant for a number of technologically important reactions, including e.g. different products during the electrochemical CO2 reduction on Cu-based catalysts. Combining microkinetic and transport modeling in a multi-scale approach, we specifically explore and quantify this effect for various showcase examples in the experimental literature. Despite its simplicity, our model correctly reproduces selectivity trends with respect to electrode potential and catalyst roughness. Comparing against experimental data further establishes catalyst roughness as a descriptor that unifies the effects of meso-, micro- and atomic-scale morphology on selectivity through transport. The resulting insight provides an alternative or, at least, complementary explanation to changes in electrocatalytic selectivity that have otherwise been attributed to nano-structuring of active sites or electronic effects due to doping or alloying.
Pulmonary heart: A review
Authors: Chuchalin Alexander G.
Published: December 2023

The review on the problem of the pulmonary heart pursues two goals: firstly, to restore historical justice and to show the priority studies of doctor Dmitry D. Pletnev on such problems as diagnosis of right ventricular myocardial infarction, clinical characteristics of congestive heart failure of the right ventricle; secondly, to outline the modern concept of the pulmonary heart. The review provides an analysis of the pathogenetic mechanisms of the development of heart failure in the pulmonary heart. Much attention is paid to echo cardiography data and biological markers are emphasized in assessing the function of the right atrium, right ventricle, tricuspid valve regurgitation, pulmonary artery pressure. Prognostically unfavorable signs of the course of the pulmonary heart have been identified, which include a high degree of tricuspid valve regurgitation, the amplitude of movement of the fibrous valve ring (TAPSE) and atrial fibrillation developing with dilation of the right atrium.
DETERMINAN KONSERVATISME AKUNTANSI PERUSAHAAN MANUFAKTUR DI INDONESIA
Authors: Setiadi Iwan , Nurwati Nurwati , Widodo Widodo
Published: December 2023

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menguji pengaruh ukuran perusahaan, financial distress, profitabilitas dan risiko litigasi terhadap konservatisme akuntansi pada perusahaan manufaktur sektor barang konsumsi yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia periode tahun 2016-2020. Metode penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan jenis penelitian asosiatif. Data yang diuji dalam penelitian ini adalah data sekunder berupa laporan keuangan dan laporan tahunan yang berasal dari situs masing-masing perusahaan sampel. Penentuan sampel dalam penelitian ini menggunakan metode purposive sampling. Metode ini memilih sample yang dianggap representatif atau relevan bagi populasi yang ingin diteliti. Jumlah sample penelitian ini adalah sebanyak 25 perusahaan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ukuran perusahaan Â dan risiko ligitasi tidak berpengaruh terhadap konservatisme akuntansi, financial distress secara parsial berpengaruh positif terhadap konservatisme akuntansi, profitabilitas secara parsial berpengaruh negatif terhadap konservatisme akuntansi. Secara simultan ukuran perusahaan, financial distress, profitabilitas dan risiko litigasi berpengaruh terhadap konservatisme akuntansi. Implikasi dari penelitian ini dapat digunakan sebagai referensi bagi perusahaan dalam menjalankan konsep konservatisme akuntansi
Kharkiv Living Lab: from an open innovation ecosystem to a participatory system of food sustainability during wartime
Authors: Muradyan Olena , Deineko Oleksandra , Filippova Olga
Published: December 2023

Since its establishment, the main idea of the Kharkiv Living Lab has centered around the co-creation and dissemination of knowledge and innovative values related to children food. In the aftermath of Russia's full-scale invasion of Ukraine in February 2022, the Kharkiv Children's Living Lab has been transformed to adapt to the exigencies of wartime, and the primary focus shifted towards ensuring food sustainability during the war. The Kharkiv Living Lab reformulated its key principles, prioritizing transnationality, reactivity, and volunteerism. The activities undertaken by the Kharkiv Living Lab during the war time constitute a distinctive and unprecedented experience of implementing a Living Lab during war time, illustrating how «locality» and «globality» are cooperating to tackle food-related challenges during the war, and how a new quality of social ties emerges among diverse local actors, thereby contributing to the strengthening of social cohesion in the face of profound adversity.

The activities of the Kharkiv Living Lab are a unique, if not the first, experience of the implementation of the Living Lab during the war, which demonstrated how «locality» and «globality» cooperate in the context of food support tasks, and how a new quality of social ties is created between different by local actors, which strengthens social cohesion in difficult times of trial. In this context, the Kharkiv Living Lab is an example of building a small integration system based on the principles of social interaction and cohesion. After all, the main task of the Kharkiv Living Lab is the joint and mutual creation, distribution and exchange of knowledge, innovative values, established social practices regarding children's nutrition. The involvement of students of Kharkiv secondary education institutions, their parents, teaching staff and the administration made it possible to create an innovative and permanent platform for the exchange of knowledge with their further integration into a common «knowledge bank», which is formed and supported by a consortium of partners of the international research project FUSILLI, which is focused on building food stability.
ON THE QUESTION OF THE APPEARANCE OF CONSCIOUSNESS IN NEURAL NETWORKS
Authors: Kuklin Volodymir
Published: December 2023

Revolutionary changes in the intellectual development of mankind are discussed. This is the emergence of a second human signaling system, awareness of the nature of the formation of cognitive abilities of the human brain and the formation of highly intelligent neural networks. The nature of the formation of the second signaling system was determined not only by an increase in the number of neurons and synapses of the cerebral cortex, but also by the emerging possibility of unprecedented interactive communication within the growing number of human communities, based on the development of speech. The painful refusal of neurophysiologists and their colleagues from religious mythical ideas about the nature of consciousness is considered. It became clear that all human intellectual abilities are provided by the work of the brain and other parts of the nervous system. This departure from mystical ideas about consciousness was influenced by the development of neural networks, programming languages, and the work of neurophysiologists together with neurosurgeons. The development of artificial neural networks was facilitated not only by the efforts of neurophysiologists and their colleagues from related fields of science, but, above all, by unprecedented technical progress in the creation of high-speed computing tools with incredible amounts of memory. Analogies of the recent revolution in the development of artificial intelligence systems and the nature of the emergence of a second signaling system in humans are discussed. The development of revolutionary trends in the process of creating multiparameter neural networks made it possible to expect that a detailed study of this process will make it possible to understand the nature of the appearance of the second signaling system in higher animals. The work shows analogies between these two phenomena. The possibilities of the neural network assessing its internal state and the ability to realize its position in the external environment, which are key characteristics of self-identity and consciousness, are discussed.