bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Impact of Exercise on Mental Health
Authors: Saluja Shefali , Kaur Gurloveleen
Published: October 2024

People today are unaware of the consequences of disregarding both their physical and mental health. Exercise improves sleep, mood, endurance, and cardiovascular fitness while decreasing cholesterol, body weight, and weariness. It has been prescribed for a wide range of medical conditions, including respiratory infections. A recent study reveals that improving aerobic capacity through exercise may improve immune function, lessen the severity of COVID-19, and perhaps help prevent infection. During Ukraine's nationwide lockdown, researchers explored the link between physical exercise and anxiety and melancholy in a large sample of university students. The author investigated the relationship between continuous exercise and reduced feelings of anxiety and sadness. Furthermore, to assess the impact of exercise on cognitive function and memory, as well as its contribution to total cognitive well-being.
Internationalization of Sports Events Through Branding Opportunities
Authors: Babita Singla , Kumar Shalender , Sandhir Sharma
Published: October 2024

The internationalization of sports events and the increasing reach of brand identification are now a central part of the world's cultural and commercial activity, and the way that these events are branded is a key part of the story. This chapter reviews the internationalization of events, trends in contemporary practice in terms of organization, and where these developments are going, looking in particular at the role of branding. This is a book on sports, so we are talking about the commercial sports world, which is the main growth area, and has very important social, economic, and cultural implications. People's interest in sports has several dimensions. Initially, as someone brought up in England, a Geordie and a fan of Newcastle United Football Club, persons whose favorite pastime has been watching football, more familiarly known in the UK as soccer. Then later in their lives, they switched clubs to the NFL, the National Football League in the US, becoming Dallas Cowboys supporters. But more recently, people have been going to watch cricket, as England has two world-class grounds.
The Power of Social Media in Internationalizing Sports Events
Authors: Goyal Megha
Published: October 2024

In the current scenario, the importance of social media has increased in sport. Sport players, leagues and teams have social media accounts on various social media platforms. The motive of leagues, teams, or players is to engage their fans on social media, so they can provide each and every important information in no time to their fans. Fans also follow their favourite players on social media, interact with them and enjoy the latest information posted by them. Due to the increase and use of social media now the distance between the teams and their fans have also reduced. In this time, it is essential to examine the role of social media in sports. How the team and players attract and engage their fans on social media and get the benefits from sponsors is essential to investigate. This study demonstrates how social media breaks the regional boundaries and creates the global sport community. For this, the study examines the functions, communications and fan engagement strategies of teams, leagues or players on social media
The Metaverse Touchdown Revolutionizing Sporting Events
Authors: Kumar Atul
Published: October 2024

The emergence of the metaverse, an immersive virtual space, presents a revolutionary shift for the sporting world. This chapter explores the potential impact of the metaverse on sporting events, examining its influence on fan engagement, athlete performance, and the overall sports industry. The chapter reviews existing literature on the metaverse, virtual reality (VR) applications in sports, and the evolving landscape of fan experience. It then analyzes the potential benefits and challenges associated with integrating the metaverse into sporting events. Case studies also presented related to sports organizations. Finally, the chapter proposes areas for further research and concludes by highlighting the transformative potential of this technology for the future of sports.
Congruence Across Sport Celebrities and Sport Events
Authors: Shukla Priya , Singh Archana , Jain Ravi Kumar , Gundawar Prashant S. , Johri Shubha
Published: October 2024

In the vibrant and dynamic landscape of Indian sports, the connection between sport celebrities and major sporting events is a topic of significant interest and strategic importance. This study investigates the concept of congruence—the alignment between sport celebrities and sporting events—by analyzing data collected from 363 respondents across India. The research explores how perceived fit, endorsement effectiveness, and audience engagement influence the success of sporting events and associated brands. The findings underscore the importance of strategic alignment in sports marketing, providing valuable implications for event organizers, marketers, and brands. Future directions for research include broadening the scope to emerging athletes, diverse sports, and digital engagement, as well as exploring the long-term impact of congruence. This study illuminates the powerful impact of congruence in driving audience engagement and event success, offering a comprehensive understanding of its role in the evolving narrative of sports marketing in India.
Global Branding Strategies and the Internationalization of the Indian Premier League (IPL)
Authors: Singh Amandeep , Singh Amrinder , Tiwari Satish Chandra , Goyal Rakesh
Published: October 2024

The Indian Premier League (IPL) has emerged as a global sports brand, successfully transitioning from a domestic cricket league to an internationally recognized event. This paper explores the branding strategies employed by the IPL that have facilitated its internationalization, including digital engagement, strategic media rights, and sponsorship partnerships. The analysis highlights how these strategies have contributed to the IPL's growing global presence, particularly through social media engagement and strategic partnerships with global brands. Despite the successes, the paper also examines the challenges the IPL faces in navigating cultural differences and competition in non-traditional cricket markets. The study concludes by offering strategic recommendations for sports organizations aiming for global expansion and addresses the limitations of relying on secondary data, suggesting areas for future research.
Edible Electronics for Smart Detection of Food Spoilage
Authors: Kumar S. N. , Kannampilly Nikki John , Joy Jomin
Published: October 2024

This chapter describes an innovative approaches which employs edible electronics sensors to monitor food in real time to prevent spoilage. In today scenario, food spoilage detection plays a vital role, since many packaged food items are there in the market. Edible sensors role is inevitable in food industry for spoilage detection of liqud and solid foods. This chapter discuss about various edible electronics sensors for food spoilage detection. Biosensors are widely used in many applications, the sensor values are processed by an IoT based system comprising of a microcontroller and internet connectivity enables the transfer of data through cloud network. Food spoilage detection enables the buyers to predict the shelf life and minimizes the wastage of food items.
AI-Controlled Robotics in Smart Agricultural Systems
Authors: D. S. Dayana , Venkatamuni T. , Bhagyalakshmi A. , Malleswari TYJ Naga , Ushasukhanya S.
Published: October 2024

AI-controlled robotics in smart agriculture systems have revolutionized farming practices by improving precision, sustainability, and productivity, marking a significant milestone in modern farming. AI allows real-time monitoring and decision-making through advanced machine learning algorithms, sensors, and autonomous systems to optimize resources like water, fertilizers, and pesticides. AI-based technologies are revolutionizing precision agriculture, reducing waste and environmental degradation while increasing yield and quality. Robotics is automating labor-intensive tasks like planting, harvesting, and weeding not only for efficiency but also to reduce human intervention. AI enables predictive analytics in disease detection and weather forecasting, providing farmers with actionable inputs at their doorstep. The chapter delves into the potential of AI-controlled robots in agriculture, highlighting their potential to improve food security, mitigate environmental harm, and foster sustainable farming practices.
Introduction to Quantum Cryptography Fundamentals and Applications
Authors: Reddy H. G. Govardhana , Sajjanara Veeresha A. , Raghavendra K. , Dankan Gowda V. , Kottala Sri Yogi
Published: October 2024

Quantum cryptography is an innovative accomplishment of the existing developments in the sphere of information protection with the help of achieving a series of entirely protected communication courses, which are theoretically utterly invulnerable to wiretapping. This chapter gives an outline of the basics and prospects of the quantum cryptography as an essential approach to protect the information. The first part of the book describes the fundamentals of quantum mechanics that form the foundation of quantum cryptography and provide the basis of the quantum cryptographic protocols: superposition and entanglement. We then move to discussing several QKD protocols; the basic BB84 protocol, the E91 protocol, and the continuous-variable QKD. The working of the QKD systems and issues concerning the actual use of QKD are discussed through examples of QKD implementations. Thus, this chapter will serve an informative purpose to the researchers, practitioners, and students working in the field of quantum cryptography which is in a constant state of development.
Quantum Cryptography and Its Implications for Future Cyber Security Trends
Authors: Kadve Dipak Bapurao , Kumar Binod , Prasad Sheetal B.
Published: October 2024

Quantum cryptography, established within the standards of quantum mechanics, is balanced to rethink the scene of cyber security. This unique gives an knowledge into the centre concepts of quantum cryptography and investigates its transformative affect on future cyber security patterns. Key ranges secured incorporate the standards of quantum key dispersion (QKD), applications of quantum cryptography in securing communication systems, budgetary exchanges, IoT gadgets, and government communications. The theoretical too highlights developing patterns such as post-quantum cryptography, the expansion of quantum-secure systems, integration of quantum advances in cyber defence, and the significance of standardization and selection. Challenges such as versatility, interoperability, and moral contemplations are moreover addressed. Embracing quantum cryptography isn't as it were basic for combating quantum dangers but moreover for forming versatile and reliable cyber security foundations for the advanced time.
Quantum Key Distribution Protocols
Authors: Manju A. B. , Akoramurthy B. , Jegan J. , Vallabhaneni Nagalakshmi , Himabindu G. B.
Published: October 2024

Significant advancements in quantum key distribution (QKD) networks are transforming theoretical ideas into real-world applications. Conventional key exchange protocols rely on mathematical models, making key guessing methods time-consuming and irrational. The strength of these methods depends solely on the exchange procedure. Quantum key exchange methods overcome the mentioned issues by integrating quantum mechanics, which serve as replacements for conventional key exchange methods. The research aims to explore QKD and its applications. QKD protocols namely BB84, E91, and BBM92 are considered for comparison and analysis of their applicability in various network contexts and performance metrics. A detailed study examines the interfaces, negotiation protocols, and all requirements for secure key exchange methodologies. This paper surveys and analyses existing quantum key exchange methods and explores possibilities to enhance QKD protocols. QuNetSim is used for simulation the QKD protocols.
Quantum Cryptography and Healthcare Security
Authors: Prakash K. S. Arun , Gowda V. Dankan , Kottala Sri Yogi , Dudi Bhanuprakash , Mohammed Salman Arafath
Published: October 2024

Technological innovation has been a cradle focused on delivering quality results for most healthcare practitioners in a bid to enhance outcomes for patient treatment while at the same creating new and unique risks for potential data security threats. Modern threats and complex attacks are quite resistant to the traditional cryptographic methods such systems. Finally, the last chapter focuses on implementing quantum cryptography issue to protect the patient data in medical systems. This information translates to reduced cases of leakage of patient's information and increased confidence from the clients. Pros and cons of development as well as presence and prospects of the short-term and long-term advancements of quantum technologies are also presented. The chapter ends with a set of specific practical recommendations that can be useful to the healthcare providers for implementing the quantum cryptography and providing uncompromised data protection as the threat levels are rising rapidly.
Enhancing Cyber-Physical Systems Security Through Advanced Defense Mechanisms
Authors: Patel Chandrakant D. , Aggarwal Mona , Chaubey Nirbhay Kumar
Published: October 2024

Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS) are increasingly integral to critical infrastructure, industry, and daily life, but their growing complexity and connectivity render them susceptible to a wide array of cyber threats. This paper explores advanced defense mechanisms designed to enhance the security of CPS, focusing on innovative approaches that address both cyber and physical vulnerabilities. Key strategies discussed include the implementation of robust anomaly detection algorithms, integration of machine learning for predictive threat analysis, and the development of resilient system architectures that can withstand and recover from attacks. Additionally, the paper highlights the importance of adaptive security frameworks that can evolve in response to emerging threats, as well as the role of cross-disciplinary collaboration in creating comprehensive defense strategies. By leveraging these advanced defense mechanisms, the security and reliability of Cyber-Physical Systems can be significantly improved, ensuring their safe and effective operation in an increasingly interconnected world.
Light-Weight Cryptography Technique for Secure Healthcare Wearable IoT Device Data
Authors: Patel Ankitkumar R. , Chauhan Jigneshkumar A.
Published: October 2024

With billions of devices expected to be connected, the Internet of Things (IoT) is a technology with great potential. However, this increased connectivity also brings concerns about the security of the vast amounts of data generated. Traditional encryption methods, which require multiple rounds of encryption and are computationally expensive, may not be suitable for the smaller, low-powered devices used in IoT architecture. On the other hand, simpler approaches may not provide the necessary level of data integrity.To address these challenges, a new algorithm called LCTIoT has been proposed. Simulation results of health data have demonstrated that this algorithm offers substantial security. In order to evaluate its performance, the software implementation of LCTIoT has been compared with the results of Speck and Simon algorithms, considering factors such as memory utilization, execution time, and the avalanche effect. These comparisons have further confirmed the efficiency of the proposed LCTIoT algorithm.
Cyber-Security of IoT in Post-Quantum World
Authors: Acharya Kinjal , Gandhi Shefali , Dalal Purvang
Published: October 2024

The Internet of Things (IoT) has revolutionized the way devices communicate and interact, enabling seamless integration into various aspects of daily life by billions of connected devices equipped with small, embedded controllers that monitor and manage our increasingly interconnected world. The swift growth of IoT devices has led to significant concerns about data security and privacy. Traditional cryptographic algorithms, usually lightweight cryptography, are effective against classical computing threats. However, they are vulnerable to attacks from emerging quantum computing technologies, which can quickly solve the mathematically hard problems used in classical cryptography. Post-Quantum Cryptography (PQC) offers promising solution by providing cryptographic primitives resistant to quantum attacks. This chapter addresses challenges posed by resource constrained IoT devices, like limited processing power and memory. It also explores the integration of PQC algorithms suitable for IoT environments, considering factors like computational efficiency and resistance to quantum attacks.
Enhancing Credit Card Security Using Supervised Machine Learning Approach for Intelligent Fraud Detection
Authors: Patel Amit , Patel Manishkumar M. , Patel Pankaj S.
Published: October 2024

Now a days, more and more consumers are using credit cards for both purchases and payments. Extortion, or as we like to call it, shakedowns, are becoming common and involve getting the card details in exchange for cash. Due to basic monitoring in the various types of sectors, safety measures and safeguards are mostly desirable. We have surveyed various algorithms for enhancing credit card security. Our proposed approach uses Naïve Bayes, decision tree, and PBT (Power Boosting Tree Classifier) algorithms to train the model and to keep more accurate outcomes and streamline transactions. Simulation results show that PBT performed optimally for all data proportions compared to other algorithms. Comparing PBT to Random Forest, AdaBoost, and Decision Tree, it was successful in achieving greater accuracy and shorter execution times. PBT outperformed RF, NB, and D-Tree techniques in terms of Precision, Recall, and F-Measure, with a maximum accuracy of 99%.
Systematic Relevant Literature on Leveraging Blockchain Innovation in Libraries for Ensuring Security
Authors: Edison Prabhu K. , Godlin Debby K. J. , Senthilkumar K.R. , Jagajeevan R.
Published: October 2024

In recent years Libraries stand to gain a lot from the use of blockchain technology, particularly in terms of increased efficiency, security, and transparency in a variety of operations. The primary focus of this paper is on the potential effects that blockchain technology could have on libraries. The review saw that blockchain can be used to further develop data security, increase straight forwardness and obligation, and work with capable resource splitting between libraries. It emphasizes the necessity of putting this cutting-edge technology into use by libraries in order to address the issues they face today, such as preserving privacy, making resources and information more accessible, and reducing costs associated with traditional intermediaries. The review also considers the growing number of blockchain-based pilot projects that libraries all over the world are using to improve service delivery models. Generally, this theoretical incites thought and reveals insight into how public establishments like libraries can utilize the expected abilities of blockchain innovation in the library.
Ensuring Transparent and Auditable Library Transactions With Blockchain
Authors: Karpagalakshmi R. C. , Najmusher H. , Moorthi Iyyappan , Nachiappan Balusamy , Mohanraj A. , Senthilkumar K.R. , Jagajeevan R.
Published: October 2024

Blockchain generation holds huge capacity for revolutionizing library offerings via enhancing protection, transparency, and overall performance. This financial disaster delves into the utility of blockchain in cozy and apparent transactions, interlibrary loans and useful resource sharing, obvious and auditable transactions, and clever contracts for library services. By leveraging cryptographic ideas, blockchain ensures statistical integrity and confidentiality, developing tamper-proof and immutable transaction statistics. The decentralized nature of blockchain fosters transparency, enabling open and auditable transactions that assembled customers accept as actual. Clever contracts streamline interlibrary loans and automate numerous library operations, lowering administrative burdens and enhancing carrier performance. Through case studies and technical insights, the chapter illustrates how blockchain can remodel library offerings, addressing implementation-demanding situations and supplying techniques for successful adoption.
Safeguarding Digital Archives With Advanced Strategies
Authors: Varadarajan Mageshkumar Naarayanasamy , N. Rajkumar , Mohanraj A. , Delma Thaliyan , Hussain Mir Mahmood , C. Viji
Published: October 2024

In the digital era, preserving the authenticity and integrity of digital archives is increasingly challenging due to risks such as data corruption, unauthorized modifications, and technological obsolescence. Traditional preservation methods are often insufficient to address these issues, which jeopardizes the long-term reliability and accessibility of digital records. Blockchain technology offers a transformative solution with its decentralized and immutable ledger system. By recording transactions in a way that prevents retroactive alterations, blockchain ensures the integrity and authenticity of digital records, providing a robust, tamper-proof method for digital preservation. Successful implementations (Jackson, 2024), such as the UK National Archives and the Archangel Project, highlight blockchain's effectiveness in creating secure, verifiable digital archives(Rajkumar, Viji, et al., 2024). The integration of blockchain technology into digital preservation strategies has demonstrated significant potential for addressing persistent challenges.
Blockchain-Based Digital Rights Management and Its Impact on English Language Resources in Libraries
Authors: D. Solomon Paul Raj , Kishore Henry S. , R. Steffi , Senthilkumar K. R.
Published: October 2024

This research investigates integrating blockchain technology into Digital Rights Management (DRM) systems to manage English language resources in libraries. Traditional DRM systems struggle with security, accessibility, and preservation. Blockchain's decentralized, immutable ledger offers a potential solution. The study evaluates blockchain's ability to enhance DRM, improving security, accessibility, and long-term preservation of resources. Using a literature review, case studies, and qualitative data from library professionals and IT experts, the research examines blockchain-based DRM systems' technical architecture and benefits. Findings show blockchain enhances DRM efficiency and security but also highlights challenges. The study provides practical recommendations and a roadmap for libraries considering blockchain-based DRM, suggesting future research directions.
I dilemmi bioetici dell’interruzione volontaria di gravidanza farmacologica tramite teleconsulenza. Analisi comparativa tra Francia e Italia
Authors: Badr Maroun , Nigris Fabiano
Published: October 2024

Tra i vari cambiamenti sostanziali apportati dalla pandemia di Covid-19, la teleconsulenza in campo medico – anche se esisteva già da tempo – è diventata una pratica più comune. Questo nuovo approccio medico è ora utilizzato per l’interruzione volontaria della gravidanza farmacologica, soprattutto in alcuni Paesi sviluppati. L’obiettivo di questo articolo è quello di fornire un’analisi comparativa di questa pratica in Francia e in Italia, al fine di individuare le varie questioni bioetiche coinvolte.
L’etica delle virtù come paradigma della relazione medico-paziente in cure palliative: riflessioni e considerazioni
Authors: Beretta Matteo
Published: October 2024

Le cure palliative sono state definite “Diritto umano” dall’OMS. Esse sono finalizzate alla presa in carico di pazienti affetti da patologie croniche progressive in fase avanzata e con aspettativa di vita limitata – e delle loro famiglie – per i quali la qualità di vita diviene il principale obiettivo di un percorso di cura che prevede l’azione in équipe di vari professionisti. Le cure palliative operano in un contesto sanitario fortemente caratterizzato da una visione bioetica principialista, in un più ampio contesto sociale in cui prevalgono teorie bioetiche utilitariste. Andrebbe invece riconsiderata, alla luce del particolare contesto relazionale che si stabilisce tra équipe curante e nucleo familiare nella fase finale della vita, la ricchezza custodita nella dimensione etica delle virtù, quale paradigma della relazione di cura.
Determinants of WASH programmes adoption in flood-prone Tsholotsho District, Zimbabwe
Authors: Tshuma Mlamuleli , Belle Johannes A. , Ncube Alice
Published: October 2024

There is an increased frequency of floods in different parts of the world due to Climate Change and many countries in Sub-Saharan Africa face WASH challenges which have worsened during flood and drought incidences. Tsholotsho District has been experiencing an increased frequency of floods over the years and WASH situation has continuously deteriorated. To build the resilience of communities, there are so many programmes that have been introduced toaddress WASH challenges. The paper aimed at assessing the various determinants influencing the adoption of WASH programmes in flood prone Tsholotsho District. A quantitative approach was used to collect data from Household heads in wards 5, 6, 7, and 8 using Questionnaires. A total of 218 Questionnaires were administered in all four wards. A Probit regression analysis and Zero-inflated ordered logit regression analysis were then done using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). This study revealed that the coefficient of access to treated water, gender, source of water, level of education, and marital status is positive and statistically significant with the adoption of WASH programmes by the household head in the study area. These factors were also revealed to influence the level of adoption of WASH programmes.Contribution: There is a positive and significant relationship between access to safe water, source of water, level of education, gender, age and marital status and WASH programmes. Therefore, there is a need to consider the determinants of the adoption of WASH programmes to effectively build the resilience of communities.
The combination of CDX2 expression status and tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte density as a prognostic factor in adjuvant FOLFOX-treated patients with stage III colorectal cancers
Authors: Lee Ji-Ae , Park Hye Eun , Jin Hye-Yeong , Jin Lingyan , Yoo Seung Yeon , Cho Nam-Yun , Bae Jeong Mo , Kim Jung Ho , Kang Gyeong Hoon
Published: October 2024

Background: Colorectal carcinomas (CRCs) with caudal-type homeobox 2 (CDX2) loss are recognized to pursue an aggressive behavior but tend to be accompanied by a high density of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs). However, little is known about whether there is an interplay between CDX2 loss and TIL density in the survival of patients with CRC. Methods: Stage III CRC tissues were assessed for CDX2 loss using immunohistochemistry and analyzed for their densities of CD8 TILs in both intraepithelial (iTILs) and stromal areas using a machine learning-based analytic method. Results: CDX2 loss was significantly associated with a higher density of CD8 TILs in both intraepithelial and stromal areas. Both CDX2 loss and a high CD8 iTIL density were found to be prognostic parameters and showed hazard ratios of 2.314 (1.050–5.100) and 0.378 (0.175–0.817), respectively, for cancer-specific survival. A subset of CRCs with retained CDX2 expression and a high density of CD8 iTILs showed the best clinical outcome (hazard ratio of 0.138 [0.023–0.826]), whereas a subset with CDX2 loss and a high density of CD8 iTILs exhibited the worst clinical outcome (15.781 [3.939–63.230]). Conclusions: Altogether, a high density of CD8 iTILs did not make a difference in the survival of patients with CRC with CDX2 loss. The combination of CDX2 expression and intraepithelial CD8 TIL density was an independent prognostic marker in adjuvant chemotherapy-treated patients with stage III CRC.
Differences in the psychological preparedness of emergency nurses for caring for victims of violence against women according to nurse gender: a nationwide cross-sectional questionnaire survey in Japan
Authors: Kato Akane
Published: October 2024

Background: With the increasing incidence of violence against women (VAW), emergency department (ED) nurses should be trained to respond appropriately to victims of VAW (VVAW). However, the psychological preparedness of nurses caring for VVAW and its relationship to nurse gender remains unclear in Japan.Methods: A nationwide self-administered questionnaire survey was conducted among 430 randomly selected certified emergency nurses. The questionnaire was a Japanese translation of the evaluation tools from the World Health Organization (WHO) curriculum "Caring for women subjected to violence: a WHO curriculum for training healthcare providers."Results: The final sample included 104 participants, and the effective response rate was 24.2%. More than 60% of nurses had experience in caring for VVAW; however, only 10% had received training concerning VAW. The mean number of VVAW cared for by these nurses was 6.2 (standard deviation, 6.1) with no significant difference in nurse gender (P=0.52, effect size [ES]=0.09). Male nurses had a higher mean score of psychological preparedness than female nurses (22.6 vs. 20.4; P=0.03, ES=0.22); moreover, female nurses scored lower than male nurses on all items of the psychological preparedness evaluation. Less than half of the participants reported having institutional support systems.Conclusions: Establishing an education program for all emergency nurses, providing support to ensure the psychological preparedness of female emergency nurses, and ensuring improvement of facilities nationwide are essential for enhancing nursing care for VVAW in Japanese EDs.
Rapid Detection of Amoebic Liver Abscess Using Recombinase Polymerase Amplification Assay in Resource-Limited Settings
Authors: Datta Priya , Rattan Divya , Sharma Navneet , Kalra Naveen , Duseja Ajay , Khurana Sumeeta
Published: October 2024

Amoebic liver abscess (ALA) is a significant public health concern in tropical countries. Traditional diagnostic methods, such as microscopy, have low sensitivity, and nested polymerase chain reaction (nPCR) has lengthy turnaround times. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of the recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA) assay for detecting Entamoeba histolytica in amoebic liver pus samples. The assay was tested on 150 clinical pus samples collected from suspected ALA patients in the emergency department of a tertiary care center located in Chandigarh, northern India. For comparison with RPA, nPCR was also performed on these samples. Of 150 samples, 79 (53%) tested positive for E. histolytica using the RPA assay, and similar (79; 53%) number of samples tested positive with nested PCR. In addition, sequences obtained through Sanger sequencing showed high similarity with other sequences in the National Center for Biotechnology Information database and were submitted to the database. Our findings highlight the potential of RPA as a valuable tool for the accurate diagnosis of ALA.
Antioxidant activity of self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery system (SNEDDS) of Curcuma longa in polycystic ovary syndrome rat model
Authors: Wahyuni Alfaina , Mudigdo Ambar , Soetrisno Sutrisno , Wasita Brian , Budi Uki Retno , Widyaningsih Vitri , Chabib Lutfi
Published: October 2024

Purpose: To investigate the effect of SNEDDS containing Curcuma longa extract on hormonal and histological improvement of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) rat model.
Method: A total of 36 female Wistar rats, aged between 8 and 10 weeks, were randomly divided into 6 groups, including control (normal  rats), PCOS (untreated PCOS rats), PCOS + M (treated with 20 mg/kg bw/day metformin), PCOS + SC25, PCOS + SC50, and PCOS + SC100  (treated with Curcuma longa extract at 25, 50, and 100 mg/kg/day with SNEDDS, respectively). This study used a posttest-only control  group design. The rats were euthanized on day 15, and blood samples were taken to examine malondialdehyde (MDA) and anti-mullerian  hormone (AMH) levels. Ovarian tissue was prepared on a histological slide, and various follicles were observed. Data was  analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Kruskal-Wallis tests.
Results: Curcuma longa extract, at 50 and 100 mg/kg, incorporated  in SNEDDS resulted in a significant reduction in the corpus luteum number and width of the granulosa layer (p < 0.05). Also, Curcuma longa  significantly reduced malondialdehyde (MDA), anti-mullerian hormone (AMH), preantral follicles, and follicular cysts (p < 0.05).  
Conclusion: Curcuma longa extract in SNEDDS reduces MDA and AMH levels and improves the histology of the ovaries in PCOS model  rats. There is a need to conduct further studies of C. longa extract or isolates in SNEDDS using human cell lines of PCOS model.
Lentinan combined with docetaxel and nedaplatin in the treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis complicated by nonsmall cell lung cancer
Authors: Wang Dingjun , Shi Lei , Yuan Zhangan
Published: October 2024

Purpose: To investigate the efficacy and safety of lentinan combined with docetaxel and nedaplatin (DN) in the treatment of pulmonary  tuberculosis complicated by non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).
Methods: A total of 100 patients diagnosed with pulmonary tuberculosis  combined with NSCLC in Ankang People's Hospital, Ankang, China were randomized equally into study and control groups. Control group  received standard anti-tuberculosis therapy and intravenous chemotherapy regimen based on docetaxel (75 mg/m² on day 1) and  nedaplatin (80 – 100 mg/m²), while the study group received, in addition, lentinan (given intravenously every two days). The patients  received a total of 2 courses of treatment. Tumor response, survival, adverse reactions, quality of life score, and pulmonary function  indices were compared before and after treatment.
Results: The study group showed significantly higher total response rate than the  control group (p < 0.05). Median overall survival and progression-free survival in the study group was significantly higher than in the  control group (p < 0.05). Also, the study group showed significantly lower incidence of adverse reactions compared to control group (p <  0.05). Quality of life score, maximum voluntary ventilation (MVV) and peak expiratory flow (PEF) levels in the study group was significantly  higher compared to control group (p < 0.05).
Conclusion: Lentinan combination with DN chemotherapy regimen improves  response rate, prolongs survival, reduces incidence of adverse reactions, improves quality of life and pulmonary function in patients with  pulmonary tuberculosis complicated by NSCLC. These findings provide a new perspective for future studies on the application of lentinan  in the treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis complicated by NSCLC.
Effect of curcumin and cacao extract on interleukin-6 expression on ribociclib-induced hepatotoxicity in rats
Authors: Alsarhan Ali Ata , Khwaldeh Alia , Shoiab Aiman A , Al-Shdefat Ramadan , Alkhawaldeh Ahmad Khalaf , Yousef Israa , Aldamen Noor
Published: October 2024

Purpose: To assess the relationship between interleukin-6 (IL-6) expression and the protective effect of curcumin and cacao extract on hepatotoxicity caused by ribociclib.
Method: Sixty adult male albino rats (9 – 10 weeks old) were utilized in this experiment. The rats were separated into six groups (n = 10  each). Group 1 (control) rats received 2 mL of normal saline daily. Group 2 rats were administered 5 mg/kg ribociclib and group 3 rats  received 5 mg/kg ribociclib with a cacao dose of 200 mg/kg daily. Group 4 rats were administered 5 mg/kg ribociclib treated with  curcumin (200 mg/kg) daily. Groups 5 and 6 were administered cacao and curcumin doses of 200 mg/kg daily. All rats were sacrificed and  liver immunohistochemical and histological examinations were performed.
Result: The findings demonstrated that ribociclib  administration caused liver damage and morphological changes at a histological level in liver tissue. The immunohistochemical  investigation revealed that IL-6 levels were significantly increased in group 2 and control group (p < 0.05). Furthermore, co-administration  of curcumin and cacao with ribociclib suppressed the levels of IL-6 expression in the liver tissue of rats compared to control group 1. 
Conclusion: Co-administration of curcumin and cacao protects the liver against ribociclib-induced liver damage. It is necessary to  determine the effect of long-term administration of these extracts on the functions of some organs such as the liver and kidney.
Protective effect of evodiamine on acetic acid-induced gastric ulcers in rats through regulation of ROS/ICAM1/Nrf2 signaling pathway
Authors: Li Sailian , Xing Zengshu , Xu Bao , Huang Xiaoxi , Zhang Jiankang , Zhang Mengyu
Published: October 2024

Purpose: To study the effect of evodiamine on the signaling pathway of ROS/ICAM-1/Nrf2 in rats with acetic acid-induced stomach ulcers.
Methods: The rats were randomly assigned to five groups containing 10 rats each. Prior to acetic acidinduction of gastric ulcers, omeprazole (4.0 mg/kg/day), low-dose evodiamine (L-EVD, 20 mg/kg/day), and high-dose evodiamine (H-EVD, 40 mg/kg/day) were orally administered to the respective groups for 15 days. Following ulcer induction, the same treatments continued for an additional 7 days, for a total treatment duration of 22 days. The control (0.9 % saline) and acetic acid (model) groups were administered 0.9 % sodium chloride solution (10 mL/kg) for the same period. Thereafter, oxidative stress, inflammatory markers, macroscopic and microscopic evaluations were conducted on the gastric mucosa.
Results: The acetic acid group showed significantly higher levels of oxidative and inflammatory markers, as well as damage and degeneration of the gastric mucosa when compared to control group (p < 0.05). However, both low-dose  and high-dose evodiamine treatment groups demonstrated significant gastric healing. Administration of low-dose and high-dose  evodiamine resulted in significantly lower levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), myeloperoxidase (MPO) and intracellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1, p < 0.05). Furthermore, evodiamine treatment led to significantly  increased levels of glutathione (GSH) and nuclear facterythroid factor 2 (Nrf2).
Conclusion: Evodiamine reduces oxidative stress,  suppresses inflammatory reactions, and exerts an anti-ulcer effect on acetic acid-induced gastric ulcers in rats by modulating ROS/ ICAM-1/Nrf2 signaling pathway. More studies into the integration of evodiamine into conventional pharmaceutical treatments for gastric  ulcers should be conducted.
W Poznaniu pod psem. Pierwsza wizyta Józefa Piłsudskiego w Poznaniu w listopadzie 1901 r.
Authors: Jurek Marcin
Published: October 2024

The article investigates the circumstances of the first, nearly completely forgotten, visit of Józef Piłsudski to Poznań in 1901. Taking the conclusions of Grażyna Wyder as a starting point, the article aims at organizing and harmonizing the current knowledge on this event. The place where comrade “Wiktor” stayed in the city is identified, and a broader context is provided on his hosts, Jadwiga and Józef Guliński, Polish Socialist Party activists. This article, devoted to a small part of Piłsudski’s life, contributes to the discussion on his complicated relationship with the capital of Greater Poland.
Damage detection of beam-like structures using a combination of wavelet transform and subtraction of intact and damaged mode shapes
Authors: Saadatmorad Morteza , Prof. R-Ali Jafari-Talookolaei  , Khatir Samir
Published: October 2024

Detection of damages with low levels has been one of the most critical challenges. As a result, many damage detection methods cannot detect damages or cracks with a level lower than 10%. On-surface damages as low-level damages are challenging to localize. A new technique is proposed to eliminate this challenge based on wavelet transformation of the difference in damaged and intact mode shapes. In this way, a finite element model is developed for obtaining governing equations of thin beams. The developed finite element model provides the mode shape signals. Then, the signals are decomposed by wavelet transform. The findings of this study show that in both numerical and experimental investigations, the proposed method is very efficient since the proposed method can detect on-surface damages having a level below 10%.
Genesis of Polish Populism (1945–2023) and its Impact on the Transformation and Support of “Law and Justice”
Authors: Mirzadzhanov T. E.
Published: October 2024

The article analyzes the formation of Polish populism at the present stage represented by the ruling Law and Justice Party (PiS, Prawo i Sprawiedliwosc) using the theoretical apparatus of neoinstitutionalism, as well as historical and comparative approaches. Both general features of populism and those specific to Eastern Europe are considered. The process of development of ideas, practices and results contributing to the rooting of populist values and a picture of the world in the Polish public consciousness is also studied within the framework of the path dependence concept. The final part describes the essential guidelines, ideology, program and electorate of  PiS. The party is compared with its main competitor Civic Platform (PO, Platforma Obywatelska) in terms of its strategy, and specific results of PiS rule are also mentioned. Poland is characterized  by weak and unstable connections between voters and parties, which leads to the absence of a stable social base and support for parties and, in turn, leads to their constant fragmentation and high party volatility. Parties in Poland have historically been organizations with the lowest level of public trust. In such a context, parties that can truly attract voters will immediately find themselves in a more advantageous position. One of the most suitable methods is therefore simple, often primitive slogans, intransigence of discourse, aggressive rhetoric, unrealistic promises of universal abundance, sharp opposition to everyone else and the rejection of democratic norms of representation in favor of strong leadership, that is, classic populism.
Evaluation of lipid profiles in selected fresh and dry-cured game meats
Authors: Lešić Tina , Vulić Ana , Kudumija Nina , Kos Ivica , Vnučec Ivan , Ružić Nikol , Pleadin Jelka
Published: October 2024

This study examined and compared the fatty acid (FA) composition and fat quality indices of four types of wild game meat (deer, roe deer, mouflon, and wild boar) from Croatia, and two types of dry-cured game meat products (deer and wild boar) available on the market, in relation to their impact on consumer health. FAs were analysed by gas chromatography coupled with a flame ionization detector, and fat quality indices were calculated based on the determined FAs. Wild boar meat clearly differs from other game meat (ruminants), due to its higher fat content and higher proportion of monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) compared to saturated fatty acids (SFA). Palmitic and stearic acids made up the greatest proportion of the SFA component, with stearic acid most represented in mouflon and roe deer meat, and palmitic acid predominating in wild boar and deer meat. Oleic acid was the largest component of MUFAs, with wild boar meat having the significantly highest and deer meat the lowest values. Linoleic acid and α-linolenic acid made up the largest proportion of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), with the highest proportion of α-linolenic omega-3 acid found in deer meat. The determined PUFA/SFA ratio was lower, while the thrombogenic index was above the recommended values. Wild boar meat, along with roe deer and mouflon meat, was compliant with the recommendations concerning hypo- to hypercholesterolemic fatty acids and atherogenic indices, while deer meat and roe deer meat were compliant only for the n-6/n-3 ratio. According to health recommendations, roe deer meat showed the most favourable values for most fat quality indices, while deer meat showed the least favourable values. When comparing fresh meat and dry-cured products from the same species, no significant differences were observed.
Sexual activity and climatic adaptation assessment of West African Dwarf goats introduced into Algeria
Authors: Hannani Hania , Haddad Meriem , Hannani Amira , Dekkiche Khouloud , Bouzebda Zoubir , Bouzebda-Afri Farida , Mimoune Nora
Published: October 2024

This study aimed to highlight the effects of variations in age, seasons and climatic conditions on the reproductive activity of West African Dwarf Goats imported from tropical zones in Algeria, and to verify the degree of their adaptation to Mediterranean climatic conditions. For this purpose, testicular biometry and hormonal analysis (testosterone and LH levels) using the radioimmunological method were carried out monthly. In total, seven goats aged between 18 to 48+ months were surveyed during the period from September 2021 to March 2022. The results showed a considerable effect of age on testicular measurements. Bucks less than 18 months recorded the lowest average testicular length, width, thickness and volume, scrotal width and circumference, as levels of testosterone concentrations. All variables were strong correlated. Seasonal variations in the average testicular measurements and hormonal concentrations were observed, without affecting testicular activity. Apart from thenegative action of ambient temperature, no effects of relative humidity or atmospheric pressure were revealed. West African Dwarf Goats showed a good capacity to adapt to Mediterranean climatic conditions through their continuous testicular activity during the year.
Cytological Characteristics of the Eye Conjunctiva in Dogs with Atopic Dermatitis
Authors: Kovač Tajna , Lemo Nikša , Puvača Nejra , Medven Zagradišnik Lidija
Published: October 2024

Atopic dermatitis is a chronic, pruritic inflammatory skin disease affecting approximately 10% of dogs worldwide. The disease typically manifests at an early age, causing pruritus and secondary skin lesions in specific anatomical regions. The pathophysiology of canine atopic dermatitis (CAD) remains incompletely understood, but recent research suggests a complex interplay between skin barrier dysfunction, allergic sensitisation, and microbial dysbiosis. Despite the well-established association between atopic dermatitis and conjunctivitis, the prevalence of conjunctivitis in dogs with CAD is often underestimated in clinical practice due to inadequate recognition of symptoms and a lack of specific diagnostic protocols. This study aimed to analyse the cytological characteristics of the conjunctiva in dogs affected by atopic dermatitis. Samples were collected from 24 dogs diagnosed with CAD and treated at the University Veterinary Hospital, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb. Cytological analysis was performed on samples obtained using a cytobrush. The results revealed the presence of inflammatory cells in all samples, with lymphocytes most prevalent (87.5%). A mild degree of conjunctival metaplasia was observed in all dogs, regardless of the type of inflammatory cells and the severity of conjunctivitis. These findings suggest that atopic dermatitis may induce changes in the conjunctiva that are not necessarily correlated with the intensity of the inflammatory response. The presence of lymphocytes, along with eosinophils in some cases, underscores the diagnostic value of conjunctival cytology in dogs with CAD. Furthermore, the increased density of goblet cells suggests similarities in the pathophysiology of ocular allergies in dogs and humans, opening avenues for further research to better understand and treat these conditions. This study highlights the importance of an interdisciplinary approach in the diagnosis and treatment of atopic dermatitis, including regular ophthalmologic examinations as part of standard clinical practice.