bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of Exhausted Olive Cake Contamination on Fly and Bottom Ash in Power Plants
Authors: Pazo Amparo , Lapuerta Magín , Acosta Anselmo , Hernández Juan J. , Monedero Esperanza
Published: October 2021

With the aim to prevent possible power plant malfunction due to the feedstock properties and suggest possible ash applications, feedstock samples and bottom and fly ash samples collected along more than a year in a 16 MW suspension-fired boiler power plant, fed mainly with pulverized exhausted olive cake (orujillo), were studied. A detailed characterization of fly and bottom ash has been done, as well as a seasonal evolution study. Altogether in order to find any trend on the ash composition changes and to study the relationship between ash (both fly and bottom fractions) and, on the one hand, the feedstock composition, and on the other hand, the troublesome deposit formation. A relationship between deposit growth and higher Cl and Na content in the feedstock has been noticed, showing the need for some control on these feedstock’s components. The high Cl and Na content is attributed to external contamination. Furthermore, the high Al content in the feedstock and the strong relationship between Al, Fe and Si (indicating a common origin) suggest some biomass soil contamination. However, no relationship was observed between troublesome deposit formation and the hypothesized biomass soil contamination.

Graphic Abstract
Prospective Primary School Teachers’ Competence for the Cognitive Analysis of Students’ Solutions to Proportionality Tasks
Authors: Burgos María , Godino Juan D.
Published: October 2021

In order to foster the learning of mathematics, the teacher must be able to analyse and assess the students’ mathematical activity. The explicit recognition of objects and processes involved in mathematical practices is a competence that the teacher should develop. This cognitive analysis competence allows the teacher to understand the processes of mathematical learning, to foresee conflicts of meanings and to establish different possibilities for institutionalising the mathematical knowledge involved.

In this article we present the results of the evaluation phase of a training intervention with eighty-eight prospective primary school teachers, which aims to promote and assess the competence for the cognitive analysis of students’ solutions to proportionality tasks. To this end, we proposed the prospective teachers to interpret different students’ solution strategies for a problem, recognise the mathematical elements (languages, concepts, propositions, procedures and arguments) put at stake in each strategy, and to analyse the algebraic character of the mathematical practices involved in them. The results reveal the prospective teachers’ limitations for the analysis and assessment of non-usual resolution strategies, the identification of key mathematical objects and the discrimination of arithmetic and algebraic activity in the students’ solutions. The improvement of the results requires the following actions: to allow prospective teachers to become acquainted with different forms of reasoning that can be applied in proportionality situations, delve more deeply into the algebraic character of mathematical activity, and extend the number and variety of situation problems that prospective teachers can analyse and discuss.
Deep learning-based fault diagnostic network of high-speed train secondary suspension systems for immunity to track irregularities and wheel wear
Authors: Ye Yunguang , Huang Ping , Zhang Yongxiang
Published: October 2021

Fault detection and isolation of high-speed train suspension systems is of critical importance to guarantee train running safety. Firstly, the existing methods concerning fault detection or isolation of train suspension systems are briefly reviewed and divided into two categories, i.e., model-based and data-driven approaches. The advantages and disadvantages of these two categories of approaches are briefly summarized. Secondly, a 1D convolution network-based fault diagnostic method for high-speed train suspension systems is designed. To improve the robustness of the method, a Gaussian white noise strategy (GWN-strategy) for immunity to track irregularities and an edge sample training strategy (EST-strategy) for immunity to wheel wear are proposed. The whole network is called GWN-EST-1DCNN method. Thirdly, to show the performance of this method, a multibody dynamics simulation model of a high-speed train is built to generate the lateral acceleration of a bogie frame corresponding to different track irregularities, wheel profiles, and secondary suspension faults. The simulated signals are then inputted into the diagnostic network, and the results show the correctness and superiority of the GWN-EST-1DCNN method. Finally, the 1DCNN method is further validated using tracking data of a CRH3 train running on a high-speed railway line.
A semantically annotated corpus of tombstone inscriptions
Authors: Bos Johan
Published: October 2021

The digital preservation of funerary material is of interest to many different scientific disciplines. Textual information found on tombstones often goes far beyond the expected (name of the deceased, dates of birth and death), and may include information about commemorators, family roles, occupations, references to biblical or other texts, places of birth and death, cause of death, epitaphs and poems. Gravestones are multi-modal media, and besides text are often decorated with artistic symbols. To capture this information in a systematic way and make it available on a large scale for research purposes, a meaning representation based on linking entities by relations has been designed that will extend search capabilities beyond simple string matches. Concepts are represented as WordNet synsets, and a vocabulary of 32 relations make connections between concepts. This formalisation has been developed and evaluated based on a dataset of more than 1,000 Dutch tombstones.
A retrospective case study of successful translational research: Gazelle Hb variant point-of-care diagnostic device for sickle cell disease
Authors: Qua Kelli , Swiatkowski Shannon M. , Gurkan Umut A. , Pelfrey Clara M.
Published: October 2021

Evaluation researchers at Clinical and Translational Science Award (CTSA) hubs are conducting retrospective case studies to evaluate the translational research process. The objective of this study was to deepen knowledge of the translational process and identify contributors to successful translation. We investigated the successful translation of the HemeChip, a low-cost point-of-care diagnostic device for sickle cell disease, using a protocol for retrospective translational science case studies of health interventions developed by evaluators at the National Health Institutes (NIH) and CTSA hubs. Development of the HemeChip began in 2013 and evidence of device use and impact on public health is growing. Data collection methods included five interviews and a review of press, publications, patents, and grants. Barriers to translation included proving novelty, manufacturing costs, fundraising, and academic-industry relations. Facilitators to translation were CTSA pilot program funding, university resources, entrepreneurship training, due diligence, and collaborations. The barriers to translation, how they were overcome, and the key facilitators identified in this case study pinpoint areas for consideration in future funding mechanisms and the infrastructure required to enable successful translation.
Backlash Effect on Highly Skilled North African Males Seeking Professional Advancement in France
Authors: Le Floch Valérie , Brunel Maïté , Py Jacques , Herman Ginette , Pansu Pascal
Published: October 2021

Abstract. This study was carried out within the context of an assessment for promotion to a high-status position. It aimed to determine the conditions in which the backlash effect occurs in a group characterized by negative stereotypes owing to their ethnicity: North African males in France. One hundred twenty-eight recruitment professionals assessed the probability of promoting one of eight fictitious male applicants with different causal attributions (internal or external) and levels of technical competence (high or average), and of different ethnicities (European or North African). Internal attribution, one of the dimensions of self-promotion, was regarded as a counterstereotypical behavior for a North African applicant compared with a European applicant. Backlash was only observed in a high-threat context.
MeCP2 duplication causes hyperandrogenism by upregulating LHCGR and downregulating RORα
Authors: Wang Yu-Meng , Wu Yu , Zheng Yu-Fang , Wang Hong-Yan
Published: October 2021

Duplication of MECP2 (methyl-CpG-binding protein 2) gene causes a serious neurological and developmental disorder called MECP2 duplication syndrome (MDS), which is usually found in males. A previous clinical study reported that MDS patient has precocious puberty with hyperandrogenism, suggesting increased MeCP2 may cause male hyperandrogenism. Here we use an MDS mouse model and confirm that MECP2 duplication significantly upregulates androgen levels. We show for the first time that MeCP2 is highly expressed in the Leydig cells of testis, where androgen is synthesized. Mechanistically, MECP2 duplication increases androgen synthesis and decreases androgen to estrogen conversion through either the upregulation of luteinizing hormone receptor (LHCGR) in testis, as a result of MeCP2 binds to G-quadruplex structure of Lhcgr promoter and recruits the transcription activator CREB1 or the downregulation of the expression of aromatase in testis by binding the CpG island of Rorα, an upstream regulator of aromatase. Taken together, we demonstrate that MeCP2 plays an important role in androgen synthesis, supporting a novel non-CNS function of MeCP2 in the process of sex hormone synthesis.
Exome first approach to reduce diagnostic costs and time – retrospective analysis of 111 individuals with rare neurodevelopmental disorders
Authors: Klau Julia , Abou Jamra Rami , Radtke Maximilian , Oppermann Henry , Lemke Johannes R. , Beblo Skadi , Popp Bernt
Published: October 2021

This single-center study aims to determine the time, diagnostic procedure, and cost saving potential of early exome sequencing in a cohort of 111 individuals with genetically confirmed neurodevelopmental disorders. We retrospectively collected data regarding diagnostic time points and procedures from the individuals’ medical histories and developed criteria for classifying diagnostic procedures in terms of requirement, followed by a cost allocation. All genetic variants were re-evaluated according to ACMG recommendations and considering the individuals’ phenotype. Individuals who developed first symptoms of their underlying genetic disorder when Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) diagnostics were already available received a diagnosis significantly faster than individuals with first symptoms before this cutoff. The largest amount of potentially dispensable diagnostics was found in genetic, metabolic, and cranial magnetic resonance imaging examinations. Out of 407 performed genetic examinations, 296 (72.7%) were classified as potentially dispensable. The same applied to 36 (27.9%) of 129 cranial magnetic resonance imaging and 111 (31.8%) of 349 metabolic examinations. Dispensable genetic examinations accounted 302,947.07€ (90.2%) of the total 335,837.49€ in potentially savable costs in this cohort. The remaining 32,890.42€ (9.8%) are related to non-required metabolic and cranial magnetic resonance imaging diagnostics. On average, the total potentially savable costs in our study amount to €3,025.56 per individual. Cost savings by first tier exome sequencing lie primarily in genetic, metabolic, and cMRI testing in this German cohort, underscoring the utility of performing exome sequencing at the beginning of the diagnostic pathway and the potential for saving diagnostic costs and time.
Concept neurons in the human medial temporal lobe flexibly represent abstract relations between concepts
Authors: Bausch Marcel , Niediek Johannes , Reber Thomas P. , Mackay Sina , Boström Jan , Elger Christian E. , Mormann Florian
Published: October 2021

Concept neurons in the medial temporal lobe respond to semantic features of presented stimuli. Analyzing 61 concept neurons recorded from twelve patients who underwent surgery to treat epilepsy, we show that firing patterns of concept neurons encode relations between concepts during a picture comparison task. Thirty-three of these responded to non-preferred stimuli with a delayed but well-defined onset whenever the task required a comparison to a response-eliciting concept, but not otherwise. Supporting recent theories of working memory, concept neurons increased firing whenever attention was directed towards this concept and could be reactivated after complete activity silence. Population cross-correlations of pairs of concept neurons exhibited order-dependent asymmetric peaks specifically when their response-eliciting concepts were to be compared. Our data are consistent with synaptic mechanisms that support reinstatement of concepts and their relations after activity silence, flexibly induced through task-specific sequential activation. This way arbitrary contents of experience could become interconnected in both working and long-term memory.
Spatial representability of neuronal activity
Authors: Akhtiamov D. , Cohn A. G. , Dabaghian Y.
Published: October 2021

A common approach to interpreting spiking activity is based on identifying the firing fields—regions in physical or configuration spaces that elicit responses of neurons. Common examples include hippocampal place cells that fire at preferred locations in the navigated environment, head direction cells that fire at preferred orientations of the animal’s head, view cells that respond to preferred spots in the visual field, etc. In all these cases, firing fields were discovered empirically, by trial and error. We argue that the existence and a number of properties of the firing fields can be established theoretically, through topological analyses of the neuronal spiking activity. In particular, we use Leray criterion powered by persistent homology theory, Eckhoff conditions and Region Connection Calculus to verify consistency of neuronal responses with a single coherent representation of space.
Hybrid strategy of graphene/carbon nanotube hierarchical networks for highly sensitive, flexible wearable strain sensors
Authors: Li Yiyi , Ai Qinqin , Mao Linna , Guo Junxiong , Gong Tianxun , Lin Yuan , Wu Guitai , Huang Wen , Zhang Xiaosheng
Published: October 2021

One-dimensional and two-dimensional materials are widely used to compose the conductive network atop soft substrate to form flexible strain sensors for several wearable electronic applications. However, limited contact area and layer misplacement hinder the rapid development of flexible strain sensors based on 1D or 2D materials. To overcome these drawbacks above, we proposed a hybrid strategy by combining 1D carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and 2D graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs), and the developed strain sensor based on CNT-GNP hierarchical networks showed remarkable sensitivity and tenability. The strain sensor can be stretched in excess of 50% of its original length, showing high sensitivity (gauge factor 197 at 10% strain) and tenability (recoverable after 50% strain) due to the enhanced resistive behavior upon stretching. Moreover, the GNP-CNT hybrid thin film shows highly reproducible response for more than 1000 loading cycles, exhibiting long-term durability, which could be attributed to the GNPs conductive networks significantly strengthened by the hybridization with CNTs. Human activities such as finger bending and throat swallowing were monitored by the GNP-CNT thin film strain sensor, indicating that the stretchable sensor could lead to promising applications in wearable devices for human motion monitoring.
Multi-trophic markers illuminate the understanding of the functioning of a remote, low coral cover Marquesan coral reef food web
Authors: Fey Pauline , Parravicini Valeriano , Bănaru Daniela , Dierking Jan , Galzin René , Lebreton Benoit , Meziane Tarik , Polunin Nicholas V. C. , Zubia Mayalen , Letourneur Yves
Published: October 2021

We studied the food web structure and functioning of a coral reef ecosystem in the Marquesas Islands, French Polynesia, characterized by low coral cover, high sea surface temperature and meso- to eutrophic waters. The Marquesas constitute a relevant ecosystem to understand the functioning of low diversity reefs that are also subject to global change. A multi-tracer assessment of organic matter pathways was run to delineate ecosystem functioning, using analysis of fatty acids, bulk and compound specific stable isotope analysis and stable isotopes mixing models. Macroalgae and phytoplankton were the two major food sources fueling this food web with, however, some marked seasonal variations. Specifically, zooplankton relied on phytoplankton-derived organic matter and herbivorous fishes on macroalgae-derived organic matter to a much higher extent in summer than in winter (~ 75%vs. ~ 15%, and ~ 70 to 75%vs. ~ 5 to 15%, respectively) . Despite remarkably high δ15N values for all trophic compartments, likely due to local dynamics in the nitrogen stock, trophic levels of consumers were similar to those of other coral reef ecosystems. These findings shed light on the functioning of low coral cover systems, which are expected to expand worldwide under global change.
A novel social distance model reveals the sidewall effect at bottlenecks
Authors: Si Xinyu , Fang Lei
Published: October 2021

Intermittent and periodic outbreaks of infectious diseases have had profound and lasting effects on societies throughout human history. During the global spread of SARS-CoV-2 and the resulting coronavirus disease (COVID-19), social distance has been imposed worldwide to limit the spread of the virus. An additional deliberate intention of keeping a minimum safety distance from neighbors can fundamentally alter the “social force” between individuals. Here, we introduce a new “social distance” term inspired by gas molecular dynamics and integrate it into an existing agent-based social force model to describe the dynamics of crowds under social-distanced conditions. The advantage of this “social distance” term over the simple increasing of the repulsive range of other alternatives is that the fundamental crowd properties are precisely described by our model parameters. We compare the new model with the Helbing and Molnar’s classical model and experimental data, and show that this new model is superior in reproducing experimental data. We demonstrate the usability of this model with a bottleneck motion base case. The new model shows that the bottleneck effect can be significantly alleviated through small wall modifications. Lastly, we explain the mechanism of this improvement and conclude that this improvement is due to spatial asymmetry.
Evaluation of the antibacterial effects and mechanism of Plantaricin 149 from Lactobacillus plantarum NRIC 149 on the peri-implantitis pathogens
Authors: Lin Xiaolong , Xu Jiajia , Shi Zhiwei , Xu Yuedan , Fu Tao , Zhang Ling , He Fuming
Published: October 2021

Peri-implantitis is a common reversible disease after tooth implantation, caused by a variety of pathogenic microorganisms. Based on non-surgical or surgical treatment principles, supplementation by local or systemic drugs might enhance treatment efficacy.Porphyromonas gingivalis(Pg) (ATCC 33,277) andPrevotella intermedius(Pi) (ATCC 25,611) were used as test strains. The effects of Pln 149 on the biofilm formation and growth of four periodontal pathogens were evaluated by RT-PCR, fluorescence microscopy, and scanning electron microscopy. The antibacterial mechanism was tested by the patch-clamp technique. The cytotoxicity of Pln 149 (125 µg/ml) to bone marrow stromal cell (BMSC) was assessed using an MTT assay. Pln 149 exhibited significant inhibitory effects on Pg and Pi (P < 0.05), with significant differences in the biofilm images of fluorescence microscope and scanning electron microscope (P < 0.05). Pln 149 could change the sodium channel currents and exerted no cytotoxicity on bone marrow stromal cell. Pln 149 could inhibit the biofilm formation and growth of periodontal pathogens. Considering the absence of antimicrobial resistance and cytotoxicity, we suggest that the Pln 149 fromLactobacillus plantarum149 might be a promising option for managing peri-implantitis.
Origin and significance of two pairs of head tentacles in the radiation of euthyneuran sea slugs and land snails
Authors: Brenzinger Bastian , Schrödl Michael , Kano Yasunori
Published: October 2021

The gastropod infraclass Euthyneura comprises at least 30,000 species of snails and slugs, including nudibranch sea slugs, sea hares and garden snails, that flourish in various environments on earth. A unique morphological feature of Euthyneura is the presence of two pairs of sensory head tentacles with different shapes and functions: the anterior labial tentacles and the posterior rhinophores or eyestalks. Here we combine molecular phylogenetic and microanatomical evidence that suggests the two pairs of head tentacles have originated by splitting of the original single tentacle pair (with two parallel nerve cords in each tentacle) as seen in many other gastropods. Minute deep-sea snails of Tjaernoeia and Parvaplustrum, which in our phylogeny belonged to the euthyneurans’ sister group (new infraclass Mesoneura), have tentacles that are split along much of their lengths but associated nerves and epidermal sense organs are not as specialized as in Euthyneura. We suggest that further elaboration of cephalic sense organs in Euthyneura closely coincided with their ecological radiation and drastic modification of body plans. The monotypic family Parvaplustridae nov., superfamily Tjaernoeioidea nov. (Tjaernoeiidae + Parvaplustridae), and new major clade Tetratentaculata nov. (Mesoneura nov. + Euthyneura) are also proposed based on their phylogenetic relationships and shared morphological traits.
Multi-omics approaches explain the growth-promoting effect of the apocarotenoid growth regulator zaxinone in rice
Authors: Wang Jian You , Alseekh Saleh , Xiao Tingting , Ablazov Abdugaffor , Perez de Souza Leonardo , Fiorilli Valentina , Anggarani Marita , Lin Pei-Yu , Votta Cristina , Novero Mara , Jamil Muhammad , Lanfranco Luisa , Hsing Yue-Ie C. , Blilou Ikram , Fernie Alisdair R. , Al-Babili Salim
Published: October 2021

The apocarotenoid zaxinone promotes growth and suppresses strigolactone biosynthesis in rice. To shed light on the mechanisms underlying its growth-promoting effect, we employed a combined omics approach integrating transcriptomics and metabolomics analysis of rice seedlings treated with zaxinone, and determined the resulting changes at the cellular and hormonal levels. Metabolites as well as transcripts analysis demonstrate that zaxinone application increased sugar content and triggered glycolysis, the tricarboxylic acid cycle and other sugar-related metabolic processes in rice roots. In addition, zaxinone treatment led to an increased root starch content and induced glycosylation of cytokinins. The transcriptomic, metabolic and hormonal changes were accompanied by striking alterations of roots at cellular level, which showed an increase in apex length, diameter, and the number of cells and cortex cell layers. Remarkably, zaxinone did not affect the metabolism of roots in a strigolactone deficient mutant, suggesting an essential role of strigolactone in the zaxinone growth-promoting activity. Taken together, our results unravel zaxinone as a global regulator of the transcriptome and metabolome, as well as of hormonal and cellular composition of rice roots. Moreover, they suggest that zaxinone promotes rice growth most likely by increasing sugar uptake and metabolism, and reinforce the potential of this compound in increasing rice performance.
Preparation of long single-strand DNA concatemers for high-level fluorescence in situ hybridization
Authors: Cao Dongjian , Wu Sa , Xi Caili , Li Dong , Zhu Kaiheng , Zhang Zhihong , Gong Hui , Luo Qingming , Yang Jie
Published: October 2021

Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) is a powerful tool to visualize transcripts in fixed cells and tissues. Despite the recent advances in FISH detection methods, it remains challenging to achieve high-level FISH imaging with a simple workflow. Here, we introduce a method to prepare long single-strand DNA concatemers (lssDNAc) through a controllable rolling-circle amplification (CRCA). Prepared lssDNAcs are used to develop AmpFISH workflows. In addition, we present its applications in different scenarios. AmpFISH shows the following advantages: 1) enhanced FISH signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) up to 160-fold compared with single-molecule FISH; 2) simultaneous detection of FISH signals and fluorescent proteins or immunofluorescence (IF) in tissues; 3) simple workflows; and 4) cost-efficiency. In brief, AmpFISH provides convenient and versatile tools for sensitive RNA/DNA detection and to gain useful information on cellular molecules using simple workflows.
Crowded transport within networked representations of complex geometries
Authors: Wilson Daniel B. , Woodhouse Francis. G. , Simpson Matthew J. , Baker Ruth E.
Published: October 2021

Transport in crowded, complex environments occurs across many spatial scales. Geometric restrictions can hinder the motion of individuals and, combined with crowding, can have drastic effects on global transport phenomena. However, in general, the interplay between crowding and geometry in complex real-life environments is poorly understood. Existing analytical methodologies are not always readily extendable to heterogeneous environments and, in these situations, predictions of crowded transport behaviour rely on computationally intensive mesh-based approaches. Here, we take a different approach based on networked representations of complex environments in order to provide an efficient framework to explore the interactions between environments’ geometry and crowding. We demonstrate how this framework can be used to extract detailed information both at the level of the individual as well as of the whole population, identify the environments’ topological features that enable accurate prediction of transport phenomena, and provide insights into the design of optimal environments.
Trapping and structural characterisation of a covalent intermediate in vitamin B6 biosynthesis catalysed by the Pdx1 PLP synthase
Authors: Rodrigues Matthew J. , Giri Nitai , Royant Antoine , Zhang Yang , Bolton Rachel , Evans Gwyndaf , Ealick Steve E. , Begley Tadhg , Tews Ivo
Published: October 2021

Explaining stereoselective deprotonation and phosphate elimination in PLP biosynthesis through crystal structure, UV-vis absorption spectroscopic and mass spectrometric characterisation of a chromophoric intermediate.
Room-temperature C–H bond alkynylation by merging cobalt and photocatalysts
Authors: Mandal Rajib , Barsu Nagaraju , Garai Bholanath , Das Abir , Perekalin Dmitry , Sundararaju Basker
Published: October 2021

A new protocol is developed for the mono- and bis-ortho-C–H alkynylation of easily accessible benzamide derivatives using alkynyl bromides at room temperature by merging cobalt and photocatalysts.
The effect of charged defects on the stability of implanted helium and yttrium in cubic ZrO2: a first-principles study
Authors: Wang Yinlong , Wang Canglong , He Wenhao , Meng Zhaocang , Yan Shan , Li Yuhong , Yang Lei
Published: October 2021

The effect of charged defects on the stability of He and Y atoms has been investigated. A Y atom preferentially occupies a Zr vacancy and has a charge state of −1. A He atom preferentially occupies the site of VZr0 in both ZrO2 and YSZ.
The binary boron lithium clusters B12Lin with n = 1–14: in search for hydrogen storage materials
Authors: Duong Long Van , Si Nguyen Thanh , Hung Nguyen Phi , Nguyen Minh Tho
Published: October 2021

Molecular structures and properties of the binary clusters containing twelve boron atoms mixed with n lithium atoms, B12Lin with n = 1–14, were investigated using density functional theory with the TPSSh functional and the 6-311+G(d) basis set.
Impact of nitrite on the formation of trichloronitromethane during the UV-LED/chlorine process
Authors: Wang Jue , Li Ling , Zhu Shumin , Zhu Lei , Bu Lingjun , Sheng Da , Zhang Wei , Zhou Shiqing
Published: October 2021

A UV-LED at a fixed wavelength is increasingly employed in the UV/chlorine process to degrade contaminants of emerging concern.
Tailor made magnetic nanolights: fabrication to cancer theranostics applications
Authors: Das Poushali , Ganguly Sayan , Margel Shlomo , Gedanken Aharon
Published: October 2021

This review covers the recent progress of magnetic nanolights, fabrication strategies, and application in cancer theranostics.
Ultrasensitive two-dimensional material-based MCF-7 cancer cell sensor driven by perturbation processes
Authors: Chan Sophia S. Y. , Lee Denise , Meivita Maria Prisca , Li Lunna , Tan Yaw Sing , Bajalovic Natasa , Loke Desmond K.
Published: October 2021

A direct current (DC) resistance sensor based on two-dimensional (2D) molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) was developed to enable cancer cell-specific detection via micro-changes in the cancer cell membrane.
Fabrication of a Ti3C2Tx modified glassy carbon electrode for the sensitive electrochemical detection of quercetin
Authors: Sun Yunxiu , Wang Baoli , He Xiaoli , Wang Yitong , Chen Lin , Zhu Yuxin , Li Guangjiu , Sun Wei
Published: October 2021

Fabrication of MXene/GCE for the electrochemical determination of quercetin.
Site-selective unidirectional benzylic sp3 C–H oxidation of dodecahydrotriphenylene with RuCl3–NaIO4: formation of benzylic ketones
Authors: Bhatt Gaurang J. , Deota Pradeep T. , Upadhyay Deepak , Jha Prafulla K.
Published: October 2021

Dodecahydrotriphenylene, a higher homologue of trindane chemoselectively undergoes unidirectional benzylic sp3 C–H oxidation and the central benzene ring remains intact unlike that in trindane under similar reaction conditions.
Bispidine as a β-strand nucleator: from a β-arch to self-assembled cages and vesicles
Authors: Singh Hanuman , Chenna Akshay , Gangwar Upanshu , Borah Julie , Goel Gaurav , Haridas V.
Published: October 2021

Bispidine is a versatile scaffold that could be placed either at the terminal or at the middle of the peptide strand for nucleating β-strand structures. These β-strand mimetics self-assemble to single hole submicron cages and vesicles.
Interaction of anions with the surface of a coordination cage in aqueous solution probed by their effect on a cage-catalysed Kemp elimination
Authors: Ludden Michael D. , Taylor Christopher G. P. , Tipping Max B. , Train Jennifer S. , Williams Nicholas H. , Dorrat Jack C. , Tuck Kellie L. , Ward Michael D.
Published: October 2021

A cage-catalysed Kemp elimination reaction of 5-nitro-1,2-benzisoxazole (NBI) with hydroxide to give 2-cyano-4-nitrophenolate (CNP) as the product is sensitive to binding of different types of anion to the cage surface.
Neuartige Piperidin- und Dihydropyrrol-Alkaloide aus Lindenblüten (Tiliae flos) mit spasmogener Wirkung auf die Trachealmuskulatur der Maus
Authors: Symma Nico , Hake Alexander , Düfer Martina , Hensel Andreas
Published: October 2021

Lindenblüten (Tiliae flos) werden aus den getrockneten Blütenständen von Tilia cordata (Winterlinde), T. platyphyllos (Sommerlinde) und deren Hybride T.×vulgaris (Holländische Linde) gewonnen. Traditionell werden Extrakte aus Lindenblüten gegen Symptome von Erkältungskrankheiten sowie bei mentalem Stress eingesetzt. Die Droge ist durch einen hohen Gerbstoffanteil, größere Mengen an Schleimstoffen sowie durch ein komplexes Flavonoidmuster gekennzeichnet. Im Rahmen weiterführender phytochemischer Untersuchungen wurden erstmalig bisher noch nicht beschriebene Alkaloide aus Lindenblüten isoliert und strukturell charakterisiert. Bei diesen bisher noch unbekannten Naturstoffen handelt es sich um zwei diastereomere Dihydropyrrolalkaloide (Tiliin A/B), zwei Piperidin-alkaloide (Tiliamin A/B) sowie zwei acetylierte Piperidinalkaloide (Tilacetin A/B). Die Alkaloide werden bevorzugt mit hydroalkoholischen Solventien extrahiert (Alkaloidgehalt ca. 2 mg/g Trockenextrakt), noch besser mit Aceton-Wasser-Gemisch (ca. 5 mg/g), finden sich aber auch in klassischen Teezubereitungen (Infus, 1,3 mg/g), was bei Zugrundelegung der empfohlenen Tagesdosis von Lindenblüten (3–6 g Droge) zu einer Alkaloidaufnahme von 1–2 mg pro Tag führt.

Pharmakologische Untersuchungen an aus C57BL/6N-Mäusen präparierten Tracheen im Organbad zeigten, dass eine Alkaloid-angereicherte Fraktion die durch Acetylcholin ausgelöste Muskelkontraktionen steigerte (ca.+30%). Eine weiteraufgereinigte Alkaloid-Fraktion (0,1 mg/ml) zeigte vergleichbare Effekte, die sich mittels Atropin (1 µM) aufheben ließen und denen von Galantamin (0,5 µM) glichen. Diese Beobachtungen führten zur Schlussfolgerung, dass die Lindenalkaloide cholinerge Effekte über muskarinerge M3-Rezeptoren vermitteln. Im zellfreien Enzymassay konnten die Lindenalkaloide als Acetylcholinesterase-Inhibitoren charakterisiert werden. Die in der Originalpublikation beschriebenen Interaktionen der Lindenalkaloiden mit dem cholinergen System könnten neue Ansatzpunkte in der rationalen Phytotherapie darstellen.
Klimaschutz: E-Mobilität – Chancen und Herausforderungen für den Klinikeinkauf?
Authors: Reeck Adrian
Published: October 2021

Nicht nur im aktuellen Bundeswahlkampf 2021 hat das Thema E-Mobilität eine herausragende Stellung und einen der vorderen Themen-Plätze. Dieses Thema ist seit Jahren präsent und begleitet alle an der Mobilität Teilnehmenden, vom Hersteller über den Zulieferer bis zum Nutzer von Fahrzeugen. Welchen Einfluss aber hat E-Mobilität auf den Einkauf und die Logistik im Krankenhaus?
Development of Video Education using Problem-Based Learning (PBL) to Support M-Learning on the Kinetic Gas
Authors: Raihanati  , Nasbey H
Published: October 2021

The teaching materials in the form of video education using problem-based learning models (PBL) accessible via smartphones to support mobile learning (M-Learning) is developed. the kinetic theory of gases is chosen after analysing the needs of the students in the development of this teaching material. The Research and Development (R&D) and refers to the ADDIE development model (Analysis-Design-Development-Implementation-Evaluation) are used as the method of research. The learning videos that are applied in the smartphone apps conform to the stages of the problem-based learning model. The sequences are basic concept, problem definition, self-learning, knowledge exchange and evaluation. In the activities of the learning process, the steps carried out which are orienting problems, organizing students to learn, guiding individual / group experiences, develop and presenting work, analysing and evaluating problem-solving processes. The teaching material in the form of videos that has been developed is accessible via smart devices (smartphones) in the hope that they can be a source of learning in the process of mobile learning (M-Learning). The videos produced are validated by material experts, media experts and learning experts. The Materials Expert gave a score of 95.83 out of a maximum score of 100 with a very good interpretation. Media experts gave a score of 83.6 out of a maximum score of 100 with a very good interpretation. The learning expert gave a score of 89.4 out of a maximum score of 100 with very good interpretation. In addition to being validated, the resulting video was tested for the feasibility of its use by teachers and students. The teacher’s feasibility test scored 90.5 out of a maximum score of 100 with very good interpretation. The students gave a usability score of 87 out of a maximum score of 100 with very good interpretation. Based on the validation and feasibility tests, it can be said that the videos developed as learning material can be used for classroom learning.
Development of a temperature detector and room capacity system to mitigate the spread of COVID-19
Authors: Indrasari W , Firmansyah H , Subekti F , Rahadian N A , Lita T A
Published: October 2021

Several efforts to mitigate the spread of COVID-19 and use a minimum of three layers of masks, it is also necessary to apply physical distancing in all work activities both indoors and outdoors. This study describes one of the efforts that researchers can do to prevent the spread of COVID-19, namely, designing a room capacity detection system equipped with a temperature detector. The research method is an experiment focusing on a temperature detector and room capacity system design. This system uses ultrasonic sensor HCSR04, temperature sensor MLX90614, PIR sensor (Passive Infra-Red) HCSR501, and infrared barrier sensor based on Arduino UNO to measure temperature and count the number of visitors in a room. The system designed based on Arduino UNO has worked well, where the system can detect the body temperature of building visitors and detect the number of visitors entering and leaving the building. The test results show that the temperature measurement on the forehead has a higher accuracy with an error of 1.17%. The results of this study will be used to design automatic door designs to mitigate the spread of Covid-19 in offices.
Quantification of Pericardial and Epicardial Fat using ImageJ
Authors: Yasmin N Z , Tohir R S , Prajitno P , Soejoko D S
Published: October 2021

Research towards finding new Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) predictors have developed in recent years. One potential CAD predictors are epicardial fat due to its location and function. Another adipose layer of interest is the pericardial fat that is the fat anterior to the epicardial fat. The single slice area method has been developed to estimate volume using a single slice area. In this preliminary study, the aim is to quantify epicardial and pericardial fat using ImageJ and to evaluate the relationship between the fat area and the volume measured. The relationship between the fat parameters, age and gender were evaluated. The samples were cardiac CT images of 50 patients who underwent non-contrast cardiac examination using a 64 CT scanner. ImageJ was used to quantify epicardial and the pericardial fat area and the volume was obtained by the sum of four slices multiplied by the slice thickness. The Pericardial fat area showed a high correlation with the pericardial fat volume (r=0.92, p<0.01) using the single slice area method. Epicardial fat area and volume showed a moderate significant relationship with age. Epicardial volume in female patients was significantly higher than in male patients. Quantification of epicardial and pericardial fat was highly reproducible using ImageJ.
Exactly solvable nonlinear eigenvalue problems
Authors: Wang Qing-hai
Published: October 2021

The nonlinear eigenvalue problem of a class of second order semi-transcendental differential equations is studied. A nonlinear eigenvalue is defined as the initial condition which gives rise a separatrix solution. A semi-transcendental equation can be integrated once to a first order nonlinear equation, e.g., the Ricatti equation. It is shown that the nonlinear eigenvalue problems of these semi-transcendental equations are equivalent to linear eigenvalue problems. They share the exactly same eigenvalues. The eigensolutions in the two problems are closely related. The nonlinear eigenvalue problem equivalent to the (half) harmonic oscillator in quantum mechanics is solved exactly. This is the first solvable nonlinear eigenvalue problem. The nonlinear eigenvalue problems of some extended equations are also studied.
A study on vulnerable risks in security of cloud computing and proposal of its remedies
Authors: Saxena Rashi , Gayathri E.
Published: October 2021

Data innovation worldview empowers pervasive access to shared pools of configurable framework assets and more significant level administrations that can be quickly provisioned with minimal administration exertion, regularly over the Internet. Cloud computing provides dynamic asset administrations for the client on request, and it is becoming increasingly popular. Cloud administrations are conveyed from server farms all through the world (as it is otherwise called Networks of systems). Outsider associations are additionally present there, because of which some significant security dangers came and make organize helplessly so the security of cloud information is imperative to keep over Cloud architecture to offer better support, ease administrations, and so forth. Despite that there are a few undermined hazards in cloud computing security. We will be concentrating majorly on cloud computing fraught with threats and how to overcome those threats. This paper is intended to introduce information about the most current attacks on cloud computing, just as safety efforts. The seriousness and impact of these attacks are talked about alongside genuine instances of these attacks. The paper likewise proposes alleviation strategies that can be utilized to decrease or dispose of the risks of the threats talked about. Moreover, the general cloud security proposals are given.
Comparative Study on Soil Stabilization using Industrial by Products and Coconut Coir
Authors: Nitish S.S.S. , Sangita De , Ramya A.V.S.L , Sudheer Kumar G
Published: October 2021

Waste disposal has become a serious concern in developing countries like India. The substitution of these waste materials in the form of stabilizing agents in soil stabilization is a modern approach by which waste materials can be advantageously used. In many instances, the soil has proven to be problematic for the construction of various infrastructures like embankments, pavements, foundations, hydraulic barriers, etc. In the present study, a particular type of soil is stabilized to improve the physical properties by using multiple admixtures. In general, additives such as lime, cement, sawdust, stone dust, and other compounds are used for the stabilization of soil over years. This study is conducted to evaluate the viability of using Coconut Coir Fibre (CC) along with stone dust (SD)/pond ash (PA) as a stabilization material. A comparative analysis on the effect of CC with SD as well CC with PA on engineering characteristics of silty soil is presented in the present study. A sequence of laboratory experiments was conducted on silty soil blended with Coconut Coir Fibre along with proportions of Stone Dust/Pond Ash from 0.5% to 1.5% and 30% as constant respectively by mass of dehydrated soil. The experimental outcomes shown a significant change in properties of soil, which conclude that the coconut coir along with stone dust as a very potential additive to improve the characteristics of silty soil compared to that of pond ash.
Simulation of Real-time Medicine suggestion box for COVID Screening
Authors: Vijay J , Sriram D , Hemanth Sai B , Kachana Santhosh Kumar R
Published: October 2021

Technology advancements have a rapid effect on every field of life, be it medical field or any other field. Artificial intelligence has shown the promising results in health care through its decision making by analysing the data. COVID-19 has affected more than 100 countries in a matter of no time. People all over the world are vulnerable to its consequences in future. It is imperative to develop a control system that will detect the coronavirus. One of the solutions to control the current havoc can be the diagnosis of disease with the help of various AI tools. The proposed system contains textual data analysis as well as real time physiological data analysis concept. The embedded platform reads the body temperature and heart rate of the patients. The patient is automatically induced to attend the pre-screening survey designed using the software GUI that collects most of the information on symptoms persists. A COVID-19 dataset is collected from publicly available websites. The read survey values and sensor values are pre-processed and extracted the unique features present in it. Those unique parameters are compared with the database to produce the output showing COVID positive status or Negative status and immediate medicine suggestions for them using the global collective medicine suggestions box.
Detection and prevention from different attacks in VANET: A Survey
Authors: Kaurav Arun Singh , Dutta Sushama Rani
Published: October 2021

Routing attacks will have distressing effects over the network and bequest a significant challenge once planning strong security mechanisms for vehicular communication. In this paper, we examine the effect and malicious activities of a number of the foremost common attacks and also mention some security schemes against some major attacks in VANET. The attacker’s aim is only to modify the actual route or provides the false data about the route to the sender and also some attackers are only flooding unwanted packets to consume resources in available network. Various routing approaches are also mentioned in the paper because the routing of data is very important to deliver the traffic information to leading vehicles. It’s advised that a number of the ways that to approach this made field of analysis issues in VANET might be to fastidiously design new secure routing protocols in which attacks are often rendered meaningless and because of the inherent constraints found in the network, there’s a desire for light-weight and sturdy security mechanisms.
Machine Learning With Health Care: A perspective
Authors: Malik Meenakshi , Khatana Rekha , Kaushik Aditi
Published: October 2021

ML “machine learning” is an ever-expanding research field with plenty of possibilities for study and implementation. Mr. James Collin stated at MIT that ML is the technology defining this decade, even though it has had a meagre effect on healthcare. Several fresh businesses in the ML industry are applying themselves earnestly on healthcare. Even google has jumped in to the race and it has designed a ML application for identification of cancer tumour on mammograms. To identify skin cancer, Stanford uses a Deep Learning algorithm. Around one trillion GB of data is getting generated per year by the USA health system. Various academic experts and scientists have worked out various characteristics and several factors of risk involved in of chronic illness. Additional data stands for more learning for machine, but for higher precision, these many features need a huge quantity samples. So if machines can harvest clinically greater risk oriented feature it would definitely be better. Precision is improved when the data in the form of exploratory data analysis and feature engineering is pre-processed. The multi-class classification might be capable of evaluating a patient’s different disease risk levels. In health care, correct identification of the percentage of diseased individuals “sensitivity” is a primary concern rather than correct identification of the percentage of healthy individuals “ specificity”. Our paper introduces one of ML’s super challenger and emergent application i.e. Healthcare. The careful and sympathetic relation with care providers will always be necessary for the patients. ML cannot remove this, but will become instrumental for health professionals in improving and strengthening on-going care. Our paper discusses the several established models of ML along with its applications in healthcare system. We also bring up directions for imparting more efficiency to ML model. In addition to this we have also discussed ML’s case study for Brest cancer.