bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Psychometric Analysis of the Russian Career Adapt-Abilities Scale in High School Students
Authors: Kondratyuk Nailya G. , Burmistrova-Savenkova Anjelika V. , Morosanova Varvara I.
Published: October 2021

The aim of the research is to develop a Russian-language version of Career Adapt-Abilities Scale (CAAS) by M. Savickas and E. Porfeli and test its psychometric properties on a Russian sample of high school students from 9th, 10th, and 11th grade. The relevance of the study is determined by the modern society demand for the search, creation and development of effective tools for diagnosing meta-skills that are conducive to a persons professional self-determination, success and well-being. The study involved 607 people (360 girls and 247 boys) aged 15 to 19. The Russian-language version is identical to international form of Career Adapt-Abilities Scale. It includes 24 items that are summarized to give a total score for diagnosing career adaptability and are equally divided into four subscales to measure adaptability resources, including: concern, control, curiosity, and confidence. The internal consistency coefficients of the scale and its subscales ranged from good to excellent and were close to the corresponding parameters of the international version of CAAS. The study demonstrated the retest reliability of CAAS, the factor structure and correlations of the general indicator of career adaptability and its parameters with other psychological constructs associated with personality traits, regulatory mechanisms and processes of professional self-development. Thus, the adapted Russian-language form of Career Adapt-Abilities Scale is a reliable and valid tool for studying personal career adaptability and career-adaptive resources in Russian-speaking samples. Further research is related to the analysis of the age invariance of the method; it is also planned to study its invariance separately in men vs women groups. The article contains the text of the questionnaire, instructions and keys.
Linguistic Dominants of Grammar and Lexis
Authors: Novospasskaya Nataliya V. , Lazareva Olesya V.
Published: October 2021

The editorial describes the principles of selection of the issues material and its continuity with already published research. The articles of the issue are devoted to new trends in the study of lexis and grammar in modern languages. Such tendencies of synchronic linguistics as comparative studies of the linguistic picture of the world, the axiological aspect in linguistics of word, text and discourse, as well as contrastive lexicography, translation studies, corpus linguistics, discourse practices and text studies are noted.
Variation in Diachronic Translation of Bible
Authors: Khukhuni Georgy T. , Valuitseva Irina I. , Osipova Anna A.
Published: October 2021

Variation is one of the most commonly used concepts in translatology. To one degree or another, it becomes obvious in an interlingual transfer of texts of various genres; however, first of all, one has to deal with it when translating pieces of fiction (broadly speaking). This becomes especially evident in cases when one and the same source text has several versions in another language (or in other languages). First of all, this applies to the Bible, which surpasses other literary masterpieces in the number of existing translations into different languages and also has the longest tradition of interlingual transfers. Such fact determines the relevance of the subject of this article. Despite a large number of studies on various aspects of the Holy Writ translations, a number of issues related to their variation cannot be considered fully investigated, which makes it possible to speak of the scientific novelty of this article. A few fragments of the versions created in different languages were used as the material for this research, and the method of comparative analysis was applied for their study. The research results lead to the following conclusions: a) the variation in different translations of the selected fragments may be caused by both objective and subjective factors; b) the availability of the so-called unclarities in the source text, which allow for different interpretations, leads to significant differences in their representation in the target language; c) the aiming for pragmatic adaptation of the content for a foreign cultural audience in a number of cases entails the replacement of realities, sometimes distorting the actualness shown in the original text; d) modern translations may reflect issues related to political correctness, an inclusive language, etc., which do not always correspond to the ideology of the source text.
Automatic Detection of Sound Repetitions in Verse: Realising the Syllabocentric Approach in the Phonotext Program
Authors: Vekshin Georgy V. , Gertzev Mickhail N. , Loskot Yaroslav E.
Published: October 2021

The article presents approaches to the automatic detection of sound repetitions and the measurement of sound coherence in Russian poetic text basing on the syllabocentric concept of the sound texture of the verse, which distinguishes the phonosyllabeme as its main operational unit and determines the main types of relations between the elements of repetition - equiphony and metaphony - and also allows describe the text in its unity of sound-segmental and rhythmic structure. The paper considers the linguistic prerequisites, main algorithms and methods, which form the basis of the PHONOTEXT computer program (web application), which automatically analyzes and visually forms the picture of the sound composition of the text presenting its quantitative characteristics. The basic operations of the program are described in detail, as well as the mathematical formulas used to identify the structure and carry out mathematical measurement of sound repetitions in Russian poetic speech. The article discusses the results of the programs use for the comparative study of poetry and prose, individual works and individual styles of Russian poets. In particular, the data obtained using the Phonotext program allows us to speak of a tendency towards syntagmatic consolidation of the phonosyllabeme and intensive granulation of the sound texture of the text in the individual style of Osip Mandelstam as the evidence of his striving for poetic morphologization of the elements of sound repetition, it also shows a tendency towards the use of the dominant sound theme as a means for cohesion of a complex syntactic and compositional whole, in contrast to Vladimir Nabokovs idiostyle, which is characterized by its orientation towards splitting up the elements of repetition, with a relatively chaotic interaction and spreading of consonances over the text and their low activity as a means of syntagmatic segmentation and consolidation of the text. The prospects for the development of the Phonotext program are described for identifying the relations of segment-sound and prosodic parallelism in speech (relations of equirhythmy and equiphony, including rhyme), which will provide an automatic presentation of a complete picture of the sound composition, the interaction of its main forms in the text and its further functional description.
Motivation of Word Formation in Russian and Arabic Languages and its Role in Achieving Translation Equivalence
Authors: Al-Foadi Raheem A. , Zarytovskaya Victoria N. , Al-Roznamachi Ragad H.
Published: October 2021

The article is devoted to the issue of word-formation motivation, which does not lose its relevance and plays a role not only in disclosing formal-semantic relations between words of one language and has not only theoretical, but also applied significance. The authors consider word-formation motivation consistently in its varieties in a comparative way on the materials of so different languages as Russian and Arabic and approach the mechanism of achieving semantic equivalence of translation. To the greatest extent, word-formation activity today, due to objective reasons, affects some special branch (technical, medical, etc.) vocabulary, which is increasing from year to year in national dictionaries. This extensive material, selected by the authors, not only illustrates the current trends in word formation in modern languages, but also provides an answer to the question about the degree of equivalence of this subgroup of words in Russian and Arabic. The goal to compare word-formation motivation according to a number of criteria in different-structured languages made possible not only to obtain theoretical information about what features each of the languages has in word formation and what derivational potential it has, but also to reveal an algorithm for translating derived words from one language to another. For this, the authors complete a number of such particular tasks as highlighting significant elements in the neologisms of the Russian and Arabic languages, establishing standards for the formation of scientific and terminological vocabulary in Arabic, searching for tools (transformation operations, specific word-formation formants) that will contribute to the achievement of translation equivalence from Russian to Arabic, etc. Also the analysis of differences in the mechanisms of the formation of new vocabulary in the Russian and Arabic languages provided an opportunity to supplement the relatively young and rapidly developing private methodology of Russian-Arabic translation.
Tools of Creating Emotional Climate in Knowledge-Based Television Space
Authors: Gladko Marina A.
Published: October 2021

The relevance of the article is due to the need to comprehend and identify the specifics of the formation of emotional mood in modern knowledge-based TV texts of an advisory nature. It will make possible to better understand the specifics of educational genres. The purpose of the work is to establish and describe the repertoire of tools for the formation of emotional mood and linguistic means of their representation in a knowledge-based television discourse. The research material was TV broadcasts of thematic groups as follows: leisure, health and healthy lifestyle, home improvement, food, driving, beauty and fashion. The corpus of the texts under analysis is represented by advisory-instructive and informative-demonstrative genres. The novelty of the research lies in the fact that in the texts that broadcast everyday, practical knowledge, tools are recorded and described that simulate the emotional mood of the viewer in the process of learning process. The research reveals that the textual representatives of the advisory and instructive genres of relaxation and hedonistic themes construct an impressions and pleasure zone. At the same time, the accents of texts describing ways of behavior in danger-associated situations (for example, health topics) are focused on regulating the mood and emotions of the media audience. Such texts are constructed based on an emotionally sensual modality that swings the viewer's emotions from negative to positive. The formation of such a diverse emotional tone is aimed at creating a positive attitude towards specific health improvement actions, as well as encouraging adherence to the rules of a healthy lifestyle in society. The article describes the triggers that produce positive and negative emotions, as well as tools for their activation in the text (the image of the author and the image of the addressee; genres of everyday communication, designed in a friendly-informal register; linguistic means). The research reveals functions of impression producing (attracting attention, positive emotional modeling, formation of a positive attitude to the object of expression and persuasive influence) and regulation of emotional mood (socially stabilizing, regulation of behavior, persuasive influence).
J. Baudouin de Courtenay, A. Schleicher and “Beiträge zur vergleichenden Sprachforschung auf dem Gebiete der arischen, celtischen und slawischen Sprachen”
Authors: Lukin Oleg V.
Published: October 2021

The article is devoted to two outstanding linguists - Jan Niecisław Ignacy Baudouin de Courtenay (13.03.1845-3.11.1929) and A. Schleicher (19.02.1821-6.12.1868) - and their cooperative work in Beitrge zur vergleichenden Sprachforschung auf dem Gebiete der arischen, celtischen und slawischen Sprachen, the journal established by A. Schleicher and A. Kuhn. The article contains some understudied facts about the relations between the two great scientists and a description of the scientific paradigm in which their interaction developed. This article provides a full list of Baudouins works published in the Beitrge zur vergleichenden Sprachforschung auf dem Gebiete der arischen, celtischen und slawischen Sprachen journal and the articles by Schleicher published in its first volume. It also gives the names of scientists who supported the journal and influenced academic development of both linguists. Beitrge zur vergleichenden Sprachforschung auf dem Gebiete der arishen, celtischen und slawischen Sprachen, one of the most authoritative bodies of Indo-European studies of the XIX century, has become a recognized tribune of world-class researchers in the field of comparative historical linguistics since its foundation in 1858. In addition to A. Kuhn, A. Schleicher and his students (A. Leskin and J. Schmidt), such outstanding linguists as T. Aufrecht, A.F. Weber, F. Miklosich, M. Mller, A.F. Pott, H. Steinthal, W.D. Whitney, H.W. Ebel and many others published their scientific works there. J. Baudouin de Courtenays collaboration with this scientific publication was fruitful for his development as a scientist and allowed him to introduce his revolutionary views to the general linguistic community.
COMBINATION OF PLANTING METHODS AND MULTIPLE NPK FERTILIZER ON PLANT GROWTH AND PRODUCTION SWEET CORN (Zea mays saccharata Sturt)
Authors: Hawayant Erni , Palmasari Berliana , Nopriyanto Nopriyanto , Sebayang Nico Syahputra
Published: October 2021

This study aims to obtain differences in the response of growth and yield of Sweet Corn (Zea mays saccarhata Sturt) using a single row planting system and a two row planting system. This research was conducted in Sukajadi Village, Banyuasin Regency, South Sumatra Province. Research time in January. This study used a split plot design with 8 treatment combinations which were repeated 4 times. The treatment factors in question are as follows: Main Plot : Single Row Planting System (S1), Two Row Planting System (S2), P0: No treatment , P1: NPK : 60g (plot) P2: NPK : 120g (plot) P3 : NPK : 180g (plot). The variables observed in this study were plant height/plant (cm), length of seed cob/plant (cm), cob weight/plant (gr), production of plots/plot (kg). Based on the results of the study, it was shown that the treatment with a two-row planting system (DB) and application of 300kg/ha compound NPK fertilizer gave the best effect on sweet corn production of 12.96 kg/plot or equivalent to 17.28 tons/ha.
ANALYSIS OF ABILITY OF BIOLOGICAL EDUCATION ALUMNI IN MANAGEMENT AND IMPLEMENTATION BIOLOGY PRACTICUM
Authors: Mahdi Nursalmi , Kamal Samsul , Agustina Elita , Taib Eva Nauli
Published: October 2021

This research is motivated by efforts to improve the quality of graduates of the Biology Education Departement in the management and implementation of practicum in schools. The purpose of this research is to describe the ability of PBL alumni teachers in managing and implementing practicum. The method used is descriptive qualitative and quantitative which provides a careful description of the alumni's ability to manage and carry out practicum. The steps of data collection were questionnaires, observations and documentation studies. The technique used to analyze the data is a descriptive technique with percentages. The results of the study on the ability of the alumni of the Biology Education Study Program in managing practicum showed the following: (1) The planning of the laboratory work program (53.33%) was declared good; (2) Laboratory organization was stated to be very good (33.33%) (3) The implementation of the laboratory work program (46.66%) was stated to be very good; and (4) the supervision and evaluation of the laboratory work program (26.66%) was stated to be very good. While the ability of alumni teachers in carrying out practicum is in the good category (75.3%). Teachers play an important role in the management and implementation of effective practicum
THE EVALUATION OF BIOLOGY TEACHING USING INVERTEBRATE TAXONOMY TEXTBOOK
Authors: Rahmadina Rahmadina , Eriri Linda
Published: October 2021

The purpose of this research is to produce a research book based on invertebrate taxonomy in Biology Lectures using Borg & Gall based development methods combined with Dick & Carey's learning in the Stages of development, namely: preliminary studies, planning, product draft development, product validation tests by experts, lecturers and peer reviewer, product revision, product trial, product revision. Data collection uses a questionnaire with descriptive data analysis techniques. Based on the results of research that has been developed, it is considered very good and feasible to be used as a textbook with an average of 102.5 (81.3%) by the validation team of material experts and learning designs, as well as lecturers and peer reviewers with an average of 72 (82,91 %), The results of trials by students individually, small groups and limited field of textbooks Invertebrate Taxonomy is very good and feasible to be developed with an average value of 730.6 (86.6%).
ATOM SEARCH OPTIMIZATION – NEURAL NETWORK FOR DRIVING DC MOTOR
Authors: Aribowo Widi , Joko Joko , Isnur Subuh , Hermawan Aditya Chandra , Achmad Fendi , Nugroho Yuli Sutoto
Published: October 2021

DC motor applications are very widely used because DC motors are very suitable for applications, especially control. Thus, a proper DC motor controller design is required. DC motor speed control is very important to maintain the stability of motor operation. A recent type of metaheuristic algorithm that mimics the motion of atoms is introduced. Atom search optimization (ASO) is a mathematical model and duplicates the behavior of atoms in nature. Atoms intercommunicate with each other via the delivering contact force in the form of the Lennard-Jones potential and the constraint force produced from the potential bond length. The algorithm is simple and easy to be applied. In this study, the atomic search optimization (ASO) algorithm is proposed as a speed controller for the control dc motor. First, the ASO proposed by the algorithm is applied for the optimization of the neural network. Second, the ASO-NN proposal was the result compared to other algorithms. This paper compares the performance of two different control techniques applied to DC motors, namely the ASO-NN and proportional integral derivative (PID) methods. The results show that the proposed method has effectiveness. The calculation of the proposed ASO-NN control shows the best performance in the settling time. The ASO-NN method has the capability of settling time 0.04 seconds faster than the PID method.
SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN LOW CARBON, CLEANER AND GREENER ENERGIES AND THE ENVIRONMENT
Authors: Omer Abdeen Mustafa
Published: October 2021

The increased availability of reliable and efficient energy services stimulates new development alternatives. This article discusses the potential for such integrated systems in the stationary and portable power market in response to the critical need for cleaner energy technology. Several issues relating to renewable energies, environment, and sustainable development are examined from both current and future perspectives throughout the theme. It is concluded that green energies like wind, solar, ground source heat pumps, and biomass must be promoted, implemented, and demonstrated from the economic and/or environmental point of view. Biogas from biomass appears to have potential as an alternative energy source, potentially rich in biomass resources. The current literature is reviewed regarding the ecological, social, cultural and economic impacts of biogas technology. Finally, this article gives an overview of the present and future use of biomass as an industrial feedstock to produce fuels, chemicals and other materials. However, to be truly competitive in an open market situation, higher-value products are required. Results suggest that biogas technology must be encouraged, promoted, invested, implemented, and demonstrated, especially in remote rural areas. Anticipated future energy use patterns and consequent environmental impacts (acid precipitation, ozone depletion, greenhouse effect, or global warming) are discussed in this article. An approach is needed to integrate renewable energies in a way to meet high building performance. However, their ability to match demand is determined by adoption of one of the following two approaches: the utilisation of a capture area greater than that occupied by the community to be supplied, or the reduction of the community’s energy demands to a level commensurate with the locally available renewable resources. Adopting green or sustainable approaches to how society is run is seen as an important strategy in finding a solution to the energy problem. The key factors to reducing and controlling CO2, which is the major contributor to global warming, are the use of alternative approaches to energy generation and the exploration of how these alternatives are used today and may be used in the future as green energy sources.
TRIBOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF AL2O3-ZrO2 COMPOSITE COATING BY LUBRICATION
Authors: Al-Samarai Riyadh A. , Haftirman Haftirman
Published: October 2021

Tribological investigations had been carried out on the plasma coating (Al2O3+ ZrO2) below dry and moist abrasion stipulations according to ASTM G134. Commercial motor oil 20W40 was used as a lubricant. At a rotational speed of 200 rpm, all experiments were carried out with ordinary loads of 10, 15 and 20 Nm. Electron microscopy for scanning and AFM was used to study of the layer sprayed with paint. The outcomes of the SEM and AFM evaluation confirmed that abrasive wear is normally decided by abrasive wear in dry abrasive conditions. The lubrication and moisture check confirmed a major reduce in wear from 10 to 15 N below regular loading, and a corrosion fee larger than 15 N was once discovered below regular loading. No impact of lubrication on wear used to discovered at high loading. No impact of lubrication on wear used to be discovered at high loads. It was also cited that the plasma coating manner to improve wear resistance. The experimental statistics acquired in this study are tremendous engineering functions such as reducing equipment and internal combustion engines.
Divorce in Malaysia: Historical Trends and Contemporary Issues
Authors: Jones Gavin W.
Published: October 2021

Divorce rates in Malaysia have risen substantially in the first two decades of the 21st century. The main upsurge was between 2007 and 2010, after which the rates levelled off. The Muslim divorce rate remains at a level more than double that of non-Muslims, though the trends in divorce have moved in the same direction for both groups. East Malaysia has its own patterns. Muslim divorce rates in Sabah are only half those in Peninsular Malaysia, as are non-Muslim divorce rates in both Sabah and Sarawak. Although information is not available for Malaysia about the proportion of Muslim divorces initiated by wives, for both Indonesia and Singapore, more than two thirds of Muslim divorces are initiated by the wife. Clearly, many similar forces are influencing divorce for both Muslims and non-Muslims in the predominantly urban populations of these three countries. “Modern divorce” is related to the pressures of urban living; pressures of balancing work responsibilities and household arrangements when both partners are working; decreasing tolerance for remaining in an unsatisfactory marriage; and increasing community acceptance of divorce in such circumstances. As similar pressures have been experienced by both Muslim and non-Muslim populations, the tendency for Muslim and non-Muslim divorce rates in Malaysia to move in parallel directions is not surprising.
A Publication Rate Comparison of Oral Communications Presented at the 2010 and 2015 French General Practice Congresses and European General Practice Network Meetings
Authors: Pautrat Maxime , Tenot Melissa , Lebeau Jean Pierre
Published: October 2021

Background and Objectives: We sought to assess and compare the publication rates of research presented at two French general practice congresses (Collège National des Généralistes Enseignants (CNGE, National College of General Practice Teachers) and Congrès de la Médecine Générale de France (CMGF [French General Practice Congress]) and the European General Practice Research Network (EGPRN) meetings held in 2010 and 2015.
Methods: We included all oral presentations from the 2010 and 2015 CNGE, CMGF and EGPRN meetings. We searched subsequent publications up to December 2018. We collected study themes, study designs, author qualifications, and journals for all published presentations.
Results: Overall, we included 701 oral presentations; 33% of the 2010 presentations, and 30% of the 2015 presentations were subsequently published (P=.40). For both years, the overall publication rate was higher for presentations from the EGPRN meetings compared with the French meetings (55.6% vs 27.1%; P<.05). Published articles mostly concerned clinical research and quantitative methods from academic authors. Seventeen percent of articles from the EGPRN meetings were published by BMC Family Practice and the European Journal of General Practice, whereas 32% of articles from the French meetings were published by Exercer, the French Journal of General Practice.
Conclusions: More than half of the presentations at the 2010 and 2015 EGRPN meetings were published, whereas the publication rate from the French meetings remained under 30%. Further efforts are needed to increase the publication rate of general practice studies in peer-reviewed international journals.
Morfologia endodôntica dos segundos molares inferiores
Authors: Pansiera Alberto Fritsch , Milano Nicolau Fonseca
Published: October 2021

Considering that the second inferior molar is a tooth of large anatomic variation, we have proposed ourselves to anatyse some aspects of the internal and external morphology of its roots. The external morphology, 67,64% was visually evaluea, gathering the teet with differentiated, fused or single roots. The internal morphology was examinea after wear of mesial and distal roots to altow examination in the mesiodistalginge. One hundred and two teeth have been examined. As for the external morphology we found that 75,49% show differentiated roots, 18,62% fused roors and 5188% single roots. As for the internal morphology we found that 5,88% with one root canal 7,84% with two root canals, 67164% with three root canals and 18,62% with four root canals.
Leucoplasia pilosa: revisão da literatura e apresentação de um caso
Authors: Martins Neto Marcos , Rados Pantelis Varvaki , Barbachan João Jorge Diniz
Published: October 2021

The autors present a report of a case of about hairy leukoplakia that have relationship with a HIV seropositive patient. We will discuss the clinicar and histopathoiogical aspects of these lesions. It is stressed the role of the dentist in the of AIDS related oral lesions.
A influência de diferentes cimentos de obturação de canal na infiltração apical
Authors: Fachin Elaine Vianna Freitas , Sperb Marilia Nedel , Kohler Tereza Maria Prietsch
Published: October 2021

It is an "in vitro" study to evaluate the sealing ability of 3 root canal sealers using a dye leakage/clearing method. 40 lower incisors were instrumented by the step-back technique and divided into 4 groups. The teeth were filled with lateral condensation of guta-percha varying the root canal sealer. Fill Canal, Sealer 26, N-Rickert were tested and compared to the control group in which guttapercha cones with no seater were used. Linear dye penetration was measured after demineralizatÎon and clearing. Statistical analysÏs showed significant differences among the groups. The lowest leakage values were found in the Fill Canal group followed by the N-Rickert and the Sealer 26 groups.
Do We Need To Evaluate Patients With Spontaneous Subconjunctival Hemorrhage For Bleeding Disorders?
Authors: Sayın Selim , Yener Arif Ülkü
Published: October 2021

Aim of the study: Subconjunctival hemorrage (SCH) is a frequent bleeding
manifestation and a common cause of visits to the primary care. Trauma
in young patients and vascular damage such as hypertension in the
elderly are the most common causes of SCH and the prevalence of
hematological diseases is less than 1%. We aimed to evaluate the
prevalence of congenital or acquired bleeding disorders in patients with
once or recurrent SCH. Methods used to conduct the study: It is a
retrospective study and included fifty-two patients with SCH whose
etiologic factor was not detected. Hemostatic tests were studied in 52
patients (25 male and 27 females). All patients included were evaluated
for congenital or acquired bleeding disorder and SCH with once and those
with 2 or more were compared for the laboratory results. Results of the
study: Type I von Willebrand disease (vWD) was diagnosed in one patient
with recurrent SCH and one patient with single SCH (3.8%). The
prevalence of patients with type 1 vWD in the study was not
statistically significant when compared with the frequency of vWD in the
normal population. Fibrinogen level was found to be statistically higher
in patients who had SCH once than those who had recurrent SCH. But
fibrinogen level was in normal range in all patients. Conclusions drawn
from the study and clinical implications: There was no increase in the
incidence of congenital or acquired bleeding disorder in SCH compared to
normal population. For this reason it was thought that there was no need
for evaluation for bleeding disorders in spontaneous SCH.
Head injuries related to birth trauma among low birthweight neonates during vacuum extraction: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Cohen Gal , Schreiber Hanoch , Mevorach Nir , Maor Gil Shechter , Markovitch ofer , Biron-Shental Tal
Published: October 2021

Objective: Prematurity [gestational age (GA)<34w]
is a relative contraindication to vacuum extraction (VE). Current data
do not discriminate clearly between prematurity and low-birthweight
(LBW). We aimed to evaluate the impact of non-metal vacuum cup
extraction on neonatal head injuries related to birth-trauma (HI), among
newborns with LBW (<2,500g). Design: A retrospective
cohort. Population: 3,335 singleton pregnancies, delivered by
VE from 2014 to 2019. All were >34w GA. Methods:
We compared 207 (6.2%) neonates with LBW <2,500g to 3,128
(93.8%) neonates with higher BW, divided into 3 subgroups
(2,500-2,999g, 3,000-3,499g, and >3,500g). Main
outcome measures: HI and other neonatal complications.
Results: The lowest rates of subgaleal hematoma occurred in
neonates <2,500g (0.5%) and increased with every additional
500g of neonatal birthweight (3.2%, 4.4% and 7.6% in 2,500-2,999g,
3,000-3,499g, and >3,500g groups, respectively; p=0.001).
Fewer cephalohematomas occurred among LBW neonates (0.5% in
<2,500g) and increased with every additional 500g of
birthweight (2.6%, 3.3% and 3.8% in 2,500-2,999g, 3,000-3,499g, and
>3,500g groups, respectively, p=0.026). Logistic regression
found increasing birthweight as a significant risk-factor for head
injuries during VE, with adjusted odds ratios of 8.874, 10.624, 13.980
for 2,500-2,999g, 3,000-3,499g, and >3,500g, respectively
(p=0.015). NICU hospitalization rates were highest among neonates
weighing <2,500g (10.1%) compared to the other groups (2.7%,
1.7% and 3.3% in 2,500-2,999g, 3,000-3,499g, >3,500g
respectively, p=0.000). Conclusions: VE of neonates weighing
<2500g at 34w and beyond seems as a safe mode of delivery when
indicated, with lower rates of HI, compared to neonates with higher BW.
Funding: none.
Effective fermentation of sugarcane bagasse whole slurries using robust xylose-capable Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Authors: Mokomele Thapelo , Brandt Bianca , Görgens Johann
Published: October 2021

The pre-treatment of lignocellulose material toward cellulosic
bioethanol production releases microbial inhibitors that severely limit
the fermentation ability of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. This study
evaluated to what degree robust xylose capable strains may improve the
fermentability of non-detoxified sugarcane bagasse (SCB) slurries
derived from steam explosion (StEX), and further compared this to
slurries derived from ammonia fibre expansion (AFEX) pre-treatment.
Initial screening in separate hydrolyses and co-fermentation processes
using StEx-SCB hydrolysates identified S. cerevisiae TP-1 and
CelluXTM4 with higher xylose consumption (≥ 88%) and ethanol
concentrations (≥ 50 g/L). Subsequent fermentations compared StEx and
AFEX pre-treated SCB material under industrially relevant fed-batch
pre-hydrolysis simultaneous saccharification and co-fermentation (PSSCF)
conditions, which resulted in only 3 g/L differences in ethanol titres
for StEx and AFEX PSSCF fermentations. The study achieved non-detoxified
whole-slurry co-fermentation using StEx pre-treated SCB, with higher
ethanol yields than previously reported, by utilising robust
xylose-capable strains.
HOW DO THEY ADD UP? THE INTERACTION BETWEEN THE PLACEBO AND TREATMENT EFFECT : A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW.
Authors: Boussageon Rémy , Howick Jeremy , Baron Raphael , naudet florian , falissard bruno , Harika-Germaneau Ghina , Wassouf Issa , Gueyffier François , Jaafari Nemat , Blanchard Clara
Published: October 2021

Aim: The placebo effect and the specific effect are often thought to add
up (additive model). Whether this is true or whether there is an
interaction between the two, can modify the external validity of a
trial. This assumption of additivity was tested by Kleijnen et al. in
1994 but the data produced since then has not been synthetized. In this
review, we aimed to systematically review the literature to determine
whether additivity held. Methods: We searched Medline and Psychinfo up
to 10/01/2019. Studies using the balanced placebo design (BPD), testing
two different strengths of placebos, were included. The presence of
interaction was evaluated by comparing each group in BPD with analysis
of variance or covariance. Results: 30 studies were included and the
overall risk of bias was high: four found evidence of additivity and 16
studies found evidence of interaction (seven had evidence of positive
additivity). Conclusion: Evidence of additivity between placebo and
specific features of treatments was rare in our sample. For ailments
that are placebo-responsive, pragmatic trials should be preferred to
increase their external validity.
Median Nucleic Acid Conversion Time and The Clinical and Laboratory Parameters Affecting It in Patients with COVID-19
Authors: Canoğlu Kadir , Calişkan Tayfun , Sinmez Ecem
Published: October 2021

Background: The time for PCR positivity to negativity is defined as
nucleic acid conversion time (NCT) and is very important in terminating
the isolation of patients and determining infectiousness in patients
with COVID-19. Objective: The aim of this study is to determine the
median NCT and to evaluate the clinical and laboratory parameters
affecting it in patients with COVID-19. Methods: This study included 318
mild to moderate patients with COVID-19 diagnosed with PCR positivity
retrospectively. Results: The median NCT was 11 days. Patients were
divided into 2 groups as early (<11 days) and late conversion
(>=11 days). Older age, sore throat, onset fever, fever 72
hours after hospitalization, history of exposure to SARS-CoV-2 virus
without a mask and moderated disease were significantly more common in
the late conversion group. In addition, favipiravir use was higher in
early conversion group and hydroxychloroquine use was higher in late
conversion group. In multivariate analysis, sore throat (OR = 2.570;
95% CI: 1.051-6.284) and hydroxychloroquine use (OR = 3.518, 95% CI:
1.163-10.635) were independent risk factors for late conversion.
Favipiravir use (OR = 0.062, 95% CI: 0.021-0.184) negatively affected
the late conversion. Conclusion: NCT was longer in patients with
COVID-19 who had sore throat at admission and were treated with
hydroxychloroquine instead of favipiravir. Keywords: COVID-19, Nucleic
Acids, Polymerase Chain Reaction, SARS-CoV-2.
Ultrasound-guided erector spinae plane block versus rhomboid intercostal block for postoperative analgesia following thoracotomy: a prospective, randomized, controlled study
Authors: Şimşek Tahsin , Geyik Fatih Dogu , Simsek Aynur Kaynar , Yuce Yucel , Saracoglu Kemal Tolga , Demirhan Recep
Published: October 2021

Introduction For pain relief after thoracotomy, opioids and thoracic
paravertebral and epidural interventions are frequently used. In recent
years, interfascial blocks such as the erector spinae plane block (ESPB)
and rhomboid intercostal block (RIB) have started to be used for
analgesia. We aimed to compare the postoperative analgesic effect of
ESPB, RIB, and a control group in pain management after open
thoracotomy. Material and methods This is a randomized controlled trial.
A total of 75 patients were included in three groups as the ESPB, RIB,
and control (C) groups. In block groups, the blockage was performed with
20 ml 0.25% bupivacaine. In Group C, no procedures other than the
standard postoperative analgesia protocol were performed. The
postoperative analgesic consumptions of the patients, time of first
analgesic need, and visual analog scale (VAS) values were recorded.
Results The mean 24-hour tramadol consumption was 124±29.08 mg in group
ESPB and 116±28.65 mg in group RIB, and the results were statistically
similar (p>0.05). In Group C, the consumption is 204±44.06
mg; significantly higher than group ESPB and group RIB (p=0.004). Time
to the first analgesic requirement was 355±55.69 min in group ESPB and
339.12±54.39 min in group RIB. There was no difference between groups
(p>0.05). In Group C, this time was 218.91±56.73 minutes.
We observed that group ESPB and group RIB needed analgesics later
(p=0.006). VAS scores and the number of patients requiring analgesics
were similar in group ESPB and group RIB (p>0.05). In Group
C, on the other hand, VAS scores and the number of patients requiring
analgesics were higher than both groups in which block was applied
(p<0.05). Conclusion ESPB and RIB were similar and they are
more effective in comparison to the standard protocol in the control
group, whereas the former did not have superiority over each other.
Change point detection and Trend analysis of observed streamflow in the Upper Mekong Basin during the period 1960--2020
Authors: Nguyen Tien Giang , Nguyen Huu Duy , Hoang Thu Thao , Pham Duy Huy Binh , Tran Ngoc Anh , Dang Dinh Kha , Nguyen Huy Phuong
Published: October 2021

The Langcang-Mekong River Basin is the most important transboundary
river basin in Asia. However, over the recent decades, dam construction
has been increasingly recognized as having profound effects on
hydrological processes, aquatic and riparian ecosystems. Understanding
these impacts is critical for the foundation of sustainable runoff
surface management. In this study, different methods based on both
graphical and numerical techniques were applied to assess the effects of
the dams on annual, seasonal, and monthly runoff and to detect
hydroclimatic trends in the Upper Mekong Basin during the period
1960–2020. The results reveal two change points with respect to
seasonal and annual flow regimes; that is 2003 for the flood season and
annual flows, and 2013 for the dry season flow. The duration of the
flood season and the volume of annual discharges have both significantly
decreased since 2003 and the dry season discharge has significantly
increased since 2013 (with both p-values < 0.05). The
quantitative assessment suggests that, due to the effect of dams, the
monthly discharges increased around 10–450 m3/s during the dry season
(December to May), while the flood season’s monthly flows decreased
significantly, approximately 1028–2150 m3/s from July to October at
Chiang Saen station. The study of hydrological changes in the Mekong
watershed is expected to be a significant contribution towards a better
understanding of large watersheds in which the hydrological responses
are influenced not only by climate change at large spatial and temporal
scales but also by changes in the physical environment due to the
construction of dams.
Spatio-Temporal Discretization Uncertainty of Distributed Hydrological Models
Authors: Pouryousefi-Markhali Siavash , Poulin Annie , Boucher Marie-Amélie
Published: October 2021

Quantifying the uncertainty linked to the degree to which the
spatio-temporal variability of the catchment descriptors (CDs), and
consequently calibration parameters (CPs), represented in the
distributed hydrology models and its impacts on the simulation of
flooding events is the main objective of this paper. Here, we introduce
a methodology based on ensemble approach principles to characterize the
uncertainties of spatio-temporal variations. We use two distributed
hydrological models (WaSiM and Hydrotel) and six catchments with
different sizes and characteristics, located in southern Quebec, to
address this objective. We calibrate the models across four spatial
(100, 250, 500, 1000 $m^2$) and two temporal (3 hours and 24 hours)
resolutions. Afterwards, all combinations of CDs-CPs pairs are fed to
the hydrological models to create an ensemble of simulations for
characterizing the uncertainty related to the spatial resolution of the
modeling, for each catchment. The catchments are further grouped into
large ($>1000 km^2$), medium (between 500 and 1000
$km^2$) and small ($<500km^2$) to examine multiple
hypotheses. The ensemble approach shows a significant degree of
uncertainty (over $100\%$ error for estimation of
extreme streamflow) linked to the spatial discretization of the
modeling. Regarding the role of catchment descriptors, results show that
first, there is no meaningful link between the uncertainty of the
spatial discretization and catchment size, as spatio-temporal
discretization uncertainty can be seen across different catchment sizes.
Second, the temporal scale plays only a minor role in determining the
uncertainty related to spatial discretization. Third, the more
physically representative a model is, the more sensitive it is to
changes in spatial resolution. Finally, the uncertainty related to model
parameters is dominant larger than that of catchment descriptors for
most of the catchments. Yet, there are exceptions for which a change in
spatio-temporal resolution can alter the distribution of state and flux
variables, change the hydrologic response of the catchments, and cause
large uncertainties.
Risk factors for death and illness in dogs imported into the United States, 2010--2018
Authors: Pieracci Emily , Maskery Brian , Stauffer Kendra , Gertz Alida , Brown Clive
Published: October 2021

CDC estimates 1 million dogs are imported into the United States
annually. With the movement of large numbers of animals into the United
States the risk of disease importation is a concern, especially for
emerging diseases. Dogs that arrive to the United States ill or dead are
investigated by public health authorities to ensure dogs are not
infected with diseases of concern (such as rabies). We identified
factors associated with illness and death in imported dogs and estimated
the initial investigation cost to public health authorities. Dog
importation data from the CDC’s Quarantine Activity Reporting System
were reviewed from 2010–2018. The date of entry, country of origin,
port of entry, transportation method, and breed were extracted to
examine factors associated with illness and death in dogs during
international travel. Costs for public health investigations were
estimated from data collected by the Bureau of Labor Statistics and
Office of Personal Management. Death or illness was more likely to occur
in brachycephalic breeds (aOR=3.88, 95%CI 2.74–5.51). Transportation
of dogs via cargo (aOR=2.41, 95%CI 1.57–3.70) or as checked baggage
(aOR=5.74, 95%CI 3.65–9.03) were also associated with death or
illness. On average, 19 dog illnesses or deaths were reported annually
from 2010–2018. The estimated annual cost to public health authorities
to conduct initial public health assessments ranged from
$2,071–$104,648. Current regulations do not provide adequate
resources or mechanisms to monitor the rates of morbidity and mortality
of imported dogs. There are growing attempts to assess animal welfare
and communicable disease importation risks; however, responsibility for
dogs’ health and well-being is overseen by multiple agencies. A joint
federal agency approach to identify interventions that reduce dog
morbidity and mortality during flights while continuing to protect U.S.
borders from public health and foreign animal disease threats could be
beneficial.
The Canon of Holy Scripture: Four Vital Vectors in Plotting a Better Understanding of this Essential Doctrine
Authors: PhD Michael A. Milton,
Published: October 2021

The author advances that contemporary Western culture is marked by a
self-induced ignorance of Scripture, as well as a secular age
antagonism. He proposes by pointing to four vector for recovery the
doctrine of canonicity. The author concludes with a personal appeal.
OBTAINING THE EQUATIONS OF MOTION OF A MECHANICAL BODY THROUGH ANALYTICAL METHODS
Authors: Erasmus Armandt
Published: October 2021

The aim of this paper is to obtain the equations of motion in
n-dimensional space for the case where no external forces act on a
mechanical system using analytical methods. One such method is known as
Lagrangian Mechanics. Lagrangian Mechanics is founded on the principle
of least action which states that the spontaneous change from one
configuration to another of a dynamical system has a minimum action
value if the law of conservation of energy holds.
A case report on the legal assurance of ACP in collective culture
Authors: Miyatake Hirotomo , Ozaki Akihiko , Kotera Yasuhiro , Sakamoto Ryo , Bhandari Divya , Uneno Yu , Beniya Hiroyuki
Published: October 2021

This case report presents one important aspect of promoting ACP in
Japanese culture, which is different from Western cultures. The report
suggests the possibility that legal support contributes to the promotion
of ACP, while considering differences in cultural contexts.
Rare complication of nadroparin injections: skin necrosis and heparin-induced thrombocytopenia syndrome
Authors: malinauskiene laura , Aleksandraviciute Laima , Kryzauskaite Lina , Savlan Ilona
Published: October 2021

We described a rare case of nadroparin-induced skin necrosis with
thrombocytopenia.LMWH therapy is used in thrombosis prophylaxis, it is
important to recognize that skin necrosis can be a part of HIT early in
its course and change heparin or LMWH to non-heparin anticoagulants such
as director thrombin III inhibitors.
Neo-modified Koyanagi technique for severe hypospadias with one-stage sealed Y-shaped penis foreskin vascular protection surgery
Authors: Zu Jiancheng , Chen Yifu , Liu Yu , He Tianqu , wang yanling , Zu Yuee , Peng Xiangwen
Published: October 2021

A total of 89 children had their urinary catheters removed 4 weeks after
the operation.The children, diagnosed with urine leakage, were
successfully repaired after the leakage occurred one year later at one
time.The one-time success rate of this operation was 87.6% and the
incidence of the urethral fistula was 12.6%
A symptomatic bladder rhabdomyosarcoma managed by a partial cystectomy with bilateral ureterostomy for a 2-year-old male: A rare case report
Authors: Mansour Marah , Ibrahim Manar , Hammod Aamer , Alsuliman Tamim , Yousif Mayas
Published: October 2021

Bladder Rhabdomyosarcoma is a rare disease. It can be diagnosed by
imaging and histological examination and managed using multi-modal
therapy. Herein, we report a large non-metastatic rhabdomyosarcoma mass
positioned in the bladder which was successfully eradicated through open
surgery.