bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Working as a team: Do legislators coordinate their geographic representation efforts in party-centred environments?
Authors: Geese Lucas , Martínez-Cantó Javier
Published: May 2022

Why do legislators engage in geographic representation in party-centred electoral systems, where they face weak re-election incentives to cultivate a personal vote? Existing research offers cross-pressuring incentive structures and intrinsic localism motivations as individual-level factors to explain this puzzle. In this article, we propose an alternative argument based on the principle of collective action within party-internal structures of labour division. We argue that legislators elected in the same multi-member district and under the same party label (party delegations) share collective vote-seeking incentives to collaborate with each other in order to strike a balance between the collective benefits and individual costs of constituency-oriented activities. Results from a comparative study of written parliamentary questions in Germany and Spain support our argument. Specifically, the study suggests that individual localism attributes interact with the team composition of party delegations to shape constituency-orientated behaviour.
Why do voters vote for third parties in single member districts? A test of four strategic voting conditions
Authors: Tromborg Mathias
Published: May 2022

Duverger’s law holds that single member district rules produce two-party systems, but third party voting remains an important feature of these institutional contexts. To explain the discrepancy between theory and empirical reality, Gary Cox specified four conditions that are necessary for the theoretical expectations to bear out. Yet, subsequent research has focused mostly on just one of these conditions, namely, that voters have correct information about the competitiveness of their preferred party in the district. The purpose of this paper is to assess the role of all four conditions. Using original survey data from the 2015 United Kingdom general election, the analysis suggests that violations of the information condition matter, but that violations of the short-term instrumental rationality condition can be a significant factor as well. Consequently, future research should pay more attention to this condition when seeking to explain third party voting.
The paradox of airbnb, crime and house prices: A reconciliation
Authors: Cheung Ka Shing , Yiu Chung Yim
Published: May 2022

While in many housing studies, Airbnb is evidenced to be a demand driver that leads to a positive effect on property rents and prices, it is also argued that such tourist accommodation in a neighbourhood causes an increase in criminal activities that weigh on its property values. How can we reconcile such contradictory arguments? This research note aims to use a difference-in-differences model to empirically disentangle the moderating effect of Airbnb on the relationship between crime and house prices. Using the housing transaction data in the two census years of the Auckland Region, New Zealand, we demonstrate that the impact of crime on house prices is contingent on the density of Airbnb. After controlling neighbourhood qualities, such as household incomes, ethnicity concentration and proportion of public housing in each census tract, the effect of crime rate on house prices is negatively moderated by the number of Airbnb listings, especially in apartment-type housing. The result can be interpreted as showing the effects of trespassing-related crime on house prices.
Shades of digital deception: Self-presentation among men seeking men on locative dating apps
Authors: Filice Eric , Johnson Corey W , Parry Diana C , Oakes Harrison
Published: May 2022

In recent years, location-based real-time dating apps like Grindr and Tinder have assumed an increasingly pivotal role in brokering socio-sexual relations between men seeking men and have proven to be fertile ground for the study of identity negotiation and impression management. However, current research has given insufficient consideration to how various contextual elements of technology use interact with one another to shape self-presentation behaviour. Through analysis of interview data, we found impression construction on these apps reflects tensions between authentic depiction of the self-concept and self-enhancement via deception. Whether and the extent to which one engages in deception depends on how a number of technological affordances, platform-specific community norms and userbase characteristics interact with each other. Self-presentational choices were a result of a combination of deception facilitators, for example, belief in the normalcy of lying, and constraining determinants, for example, the expectation of brokering physical connection. Impression construction determinants also interact in ways where the influence of any one element is dependent on others. This was most plainly evidenced in the interactions between stigma management concerns, the affordances of audience visibility/control and locatability and common ground reinforcing social hierarchy.
Telehealth utilisation in residential aged care facilities during the COVID-19 pandemic: A retrospective cohort study in Australian general practice
Authors: Dai Zhaoli , Sezgin Gorkem , Li Julie , Franco Guilherme S , McGuire Precious , Datta Shirmilla , Pearce Christopher , McLeod Adam , Georgiou Andrew
Published: May 2022

Introduction

Our earlier analysis during the COVID-19 surges in 2020 showed a reduction in general practitioner (GP) in-person visits to residential aged care facilities (RACFs) and increased use of telehealth. This study assessed how sociodemographic characteristics affected telehealth utilisation.

Methods

This retrospective cohort consists of 27,980 RACF residents aged 65 years and over, identified from general practice electronic health records in Victoria and New South Wales during March 2020-August 2021. Residents’ demographic characteristics, including age, sex, region, and pension status, were analysed to estimate the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for the associations with telehealth utilisation (telephone/video vs. in-person consultations) and with video versus telephone consultations, in mixed-effects multiple level regression models.

Results

Of 32,330 median monthly GP consultations among 21,987 residents identified in 2020, telehealth visits accounted for 17% of GP consultations, of which 93% were telephone consults. In 2021, of 32,229 median monthly GP consultations among 22,712 residents, telehealth visits accounted for 11% of GP consultations (97% by telephone). Pension holders (OR: 1.14; 95% CI: 1.10, 1.17) and those residing in rural areas (OR: 1.72; 95% CI: 1.57, 1.90) were more likely to use telehealth. However, residents in rural areas were less likely to use video than telephone in GP consultations (OR: 0.41; 95% CI: 0.29, 0.57). Results were similar in separate analyses for each COVID surge.

Discussion

Telephone was primarily used in telehealth consultations among pension holders and rural residents in RACFs. Along with the limited use of video in virtual care in rural RACFs, the digital divide may imply potential healthcare disparities in socially disadvantaged patients.
The effectiveness of telerehabilitation-based structured exercise therapy for chronic nonspecific neck pain: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Özel Merve , Kaya Ciddi Pınar
Published: May 2022

Introduction

The aim of this research was to investigate the effects of telerehabilitation-based remote supervised or unsupervised structured exercise therapy on pain, disability, and quality of life related to chronic nonspecific neck pain.

Method

The study was designed as a single-blinded randomized controlled trial. Sixty-six eligible chronic nonspecific neck pain patients were randomized across three groups: remote supervised group (RSG, n = 22), unsupervised group (UG, n = 22), and waitlist control group (CG, n = 22). Progressive structured exercise therapy program was delivered weekly to patients in remote supervised group and unsupervised group to perform four days a week for four weeks. Remote supervised group was supervised by videoconference and text message. Pain, disability, and quality of life of participants were assessed at baseline, week 2, and post-therapy.

Results

Post-therapy pain and disability total change scores were −3.64 (95% CI −4.85 to −2.42) and −7.27 (95% CI −11.05 to −3.50) for remote supervised group compared with a change of −2.44 (95% CI −3.46 to −1.43) and −5.77 (95% CI −8.54 to −3.01) for unsupervised group, respectively. Post-therapy, quality of life improvements were greater for remote supervised group than unsupervised group overall (general health; remote supervised group: 19.01 (95% CI 6.86 to 31.16), unsupervised group: 12.50 (95% CI 4.79 to 20.21), and physical health; remote supervised group: 18.35 (95% CI 10.35 to 26.35), unsupervised group: 7.31 (95% CI 0.01 to 14.60)). Significant improvements in psychological health and environment-telerehabilitation for remote supervised group were not seen for unsupervised group and outcomes differences did not reach significance for control group ( p > 0.05) post-therapy, except environment-telerehabilitation.

Discussion

Structured exercise therapy can improve chronic nonspecific neck pain outcomes when remotely supervised or unsupervised. Structured exercise therapy content and frequent communication are important for remote chronic nonspecific neck pain management.
An open trial of Collaborative Problem Solving in a naturalistic outpatient setting
Authors: Pollastri Alisha R , Wang Lu , Eddy Christopher J , Ablon J Stuart
Published: May 2022

Collaborative Problem Solving (CPS) is an intervention for reducing children’s challenging behaviors. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of family therapy using CPS in an outpatient clinic that specializes in treating children with challenging behaviors. One hundred and twenty families presented for treatment. Diagnoses at intake were varied, and 100 children (83%) had symptoms that were in the clinical range at intake. Parents reported significant change in their understanding of challenging behavior and prediction of children’s behavioral symptoms 3 months into treatment. Furthermore, children’s improvement was predicted by their parents’ increased understanding that cognitive skill deficits are responsible for challenging behavior. These results suggest that using CPS in community-based, outpatient family treatment is effective for helping children who exhibit a range of clinical symptoms. Results provide insights for clinical practice and research on CPS.
Service user engagement by ethnicity groups at a children’s gender identity service in the UK
Authors: Manjra Ilham I , Russell Ian , Maninger Johanna K , Masic Una
Published: May 2022

Objectives

Gender service utilisation according to ethnicity is largely under-researched. The present research looked at demographics and service user-engagement according to ethnicity of young people accessing a gender service for children.

Method

A total of 2063 ( M = 14.19 years, SD = 2.59, assigned male = 556, 1495 assigned female = 1495, no-specification=12) referrals were included in the analysis. Self-defined ethnicity in financial years (FY) 2016–2017, 2018–2019, and referrer-defined ethnicity in FY 2020–2021 were compared between years, to the national UK-population, and child and adolescent mental health service (CAMHS) averages. Numbers of offered, attended and non-attended appointments were compared across the White and the ethnic minority population (EMP).

Results

Across years 93.35% young people identified as White (higher than the CAMHS and national population averages); 6.65% as EMP. Service utilisation was similar in FY 2016–2017. In FY 2018–2019, the EMP subgroup was offered and attended more appointments compared to the White subgroup, ‘did not attended’ average was similar.

Conclusions

The majority of young people self-identified with a White ethnic-background. Service engagement was comparable between the EMP and White ethnicity subgroups in 2016–2017, while the EMP group was offered and attended more appointments in 2018–2019. Due to the low EMP group numbers, findings need to be interpreted with caution.
Exploring the Promise and Limitations of Autonomous Online Timelines to Understand Experiences of the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Garcia-Iglesias Jaime , Lloyd Nigel , Freethy Imogen , Smeeton Nigel , Wellings Amander , Jones Julia , Wills Wendy , Brown Katherine
Published: May 2022

This article discusses the use of autonomous, asynchronous, timelines to analyse personal and organizational experiences of COVID-19 using an online platform, LucidSpark. We evaluate the benefits and limitations of this approach and highlight findings in three areas: aesthetics, the balance of personal and organizational information, and the identification of key events. We argue that timelines generate fascinating data about participants’ personal and professional experiences of COVID-19. Then, we discuss the limitations of the data, and suggest how the method may be refined and used in combination with other approaches. By themselves, timelines provide limited data about how events relate to each other. Instead, timelines serve as useful pre-interview activities that should be combined with additional methods.
The persistence and endurance of blood family
Authors: Chandra Shiva
Published: May 2022

Families of choice is an important framework used to think about non-heterosexual people’s attachments. This means the family of origin has received limited attention when theorising their relationships. This group has often been considered in relation to coming out, which centralises the importance of sexuality for understanding kinship ties. This paper extends the limited, but growing scholarship on non-heterosexual people, and their families of origin. It does this by drawing on a larger project on the lives of gay men of South Asian descent, in Australia. Results demonstrate that attachment through blood, shared history, emotions, and obligations, firmly embed gay South Asian men in their families of origin, even when there is disapproval of their sexuality. More broadly, the study resists framing the respondents and findings in culturally essentialist terms, premised on an ‘East’ versus ‘West’ binary. It argues that by resisting such orientalism we can see similarities pertaining to families of origin across different contexts, and in doing so, produce queer scholarship able to speak across divides.
Impact of COVID-19 and lockdown on mental health and future orientation among young adult asylum seekers in Italy: A mixed-methods study
Authors: Ceccon Chiara , Moscardino Ughetta
Published: May 2022

The COVID-19 outbreak caused a worldwide health emergency which disproportionately affected migrants and ethnic minorities. Yet, little is known about the psychosocial effects of the pandemic among refugees and asylum seekers. This study used a convergent parallel mixed-method design to explore knowledge and opinions concerning COVID-19 and the impact of lockdown on perceived mental health and future orientation among 42 young adult asylum seekers residing in northeastern Italy. Participants took part in individual interviews comprising both qualitative and quantitative questions. Qualitative reports were analyzed using thematic content analysis, whereas descriptive statistics and paired sample t-tests were computed on quantitative data. Results indicated that most participants were correctly informed about the nature, origin, and spread of COVID-19, expressed moderate or high satisfaction concerning the clarity of communication about safety measures, and followed them most of the time. Worries about family in the home country, loneliness, fear for own and loved ones’ health, and concerns about delays in the asylum application were the most frequently mentioned stressful events. Psychological and physical distress significantly increased, and positive future orientation significantly decreased during the lockdown. However, participants also emphasized the usefulness of instrumental support from social workers and exhibited a resilient attitude characterized by the acceptance of uncertainty, sense of connectedness, and positive outlook. Overall, findings suggest that the current emergency may exacerbate psychological vulnerabilities of asylum seekers due to continued existential uncertainty. Thus, individual and contextual assets should be strengthened to promote psychosocial adjustment and coping resources in the context of the pandemic.
Cardiac rhythm devices in pediatric patients: Impact on family functioning and parent’s health-related quality of life
Authors: Schnellmann Anne-Sophie , Balmer Christian , Lehmann Phaedra , Werner Helene
Published: May 2022

This study compares the impact of children’s cardiac rhythm devices and health status on their parents with that of healthy controls. Furthermore, it aims to ascertain whether sociodemographic characteristics and medical data are associated with parent-reported impacts. This cross-sectional study is part of a comprehensive single-center study of long-term psychosocial outcomes in pediatric patients with pacemakers and implantable cardioverter defibrillators. The study includes 69 patients with their parents: 69 mothers and 57 fathers. Parents responded to the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory Family Impact Module and to open-ended questions assessing impact on family life and treatment satisfaction. Parents reported more negative impact on family life than healthy controls in all three summary scores. Among fathers, presence of a child’s congenital heart disease and female sex is associated with lower family function. No group differences emerged regarding device type. Positive and negative cognitive aspects predominated for patients’ mothers and fathers. However, one substantial difference is that mothers reported more positive and negative emotional impact than fathers. We conclude that parents’ well-being should be addressed in clinical contexts, especially through emotional and practical support and open communication focused on parents’ worries and concerns.
Early childhood hospitalization and problematic behaviors: A propensity score analysis
Authors: Flynn Toria B , Goble Priscilla M , Bishop Nicholas J , Weimer Amy A
Published: May 2022

Existing research suggests that children who experience poverty and hospitalization in early childhood are at risk of developing behavior problems. We examined whether the association between early childhood hospitalization and children’s internalizing and externalizing behaviors were moderated by family poverty status and child sex. Participants included 224 children from the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Study of Early Child Care and Youth Development. There was no direct association between hospitalization and problematic behaviors. Poverty status during early childhood, but not child sex, significantly moderated the association between hospitalization and externalizing problems. Findings support the need for community programs that promote an integrative approach to healthcare for families experiencing poverty.
When “good guys” do bad things: Evaluations of sexual harassment allegations against male allies
Authors: Lizzio-Wilson Morgana , Klas Anna , Clarke Edward J. R.
Published: May 2022

Across two studies ( Ns = 268 and 574), we examined the perceived legitimacy of sexual harassment allegations made against male allies. Overall, observers were less inclined to believe an allegation (Studies 1 and 2) and endorsed less severe punishments against a perpetrator who engaged in egalitarian (vs. sexist) behaviors toward women (Studies 1 and 2). Observers also endorsed weaker reparatory measures, were more willing to move past the allegation, and were more inclined to blame the victim for the incident when an egalitarian (vs. sexist) man was accused, especially when there was greater uncertainty surrounding his guilt (Study 2). Importantly, these effects were mediated by perpetrator typicality: the egalitarian perpetrator less closely resembled a typical perpetrator of sexual harassment, which, in turn, predicted more lenient evaluations (Study 2). These findings highlight how accusations of male allies’ problematic behavior can reinforce widespread scepticism surrounding sexual harassment allegations and discriminatory attitudes towards victims.
Majority members’ acculturation: How proximal-acculturation relates to expectations of immigrants and intergroup ideologies over time
Authors: Lefringhausen Katharina , Marshall Tara C. , Ferenczi Nelli , Zagefka Hanna , Kunst Jonas R.
Published: May 2022

How do English majority members’ national culture maintenance and immigrant culture adoption (i.e., globalisation-based proximal-acculturation) predict their acculturation expectations (i.e., how they think immigrants should acculturate) and intergroup ideologies (i.e., how they think society should manage diversity)? Cross-sectional results ( N = 220) supported hypothesised relationships using a variable- and person-centred approach: welcoming expectations/ideologies related positively to immigrant culture adoption (or an integration/assimilation strategy) and negatively to national culture maintenance (or a separation strategy), whilst the reverse was true for unwelcoming expectations/ideologies. Notably, colourblindness showed only weak correlations with/differences across acculturation orientations/strategies. In longitudinal analyses, adopting immigrants’ cultures increased the intergroup ideologies polyculturalism and multiculturalism whilst reducing support for assimilation over time, whereas national culture maintenance had the opposite effect. Meanwhile, the expectation integration-transformation was especially related to higher odds of following an integration rather than separation strategy over time. Overall, results advance the psychological study of multiculturalism, providing first longitudinal insights on majority members’ acculturation.
A spatiotemporal passenger distribution model for airport terminal energy simulation
Authors: Gu Xianliang , Xie Jingchao , Huang Chengyang , Liu Jiaping
Published: May 2022

Airport terminals provide a safe, convenient and comfortable environment for passengers. Over 50% of energy in terminals was consumed by the HVAC system. The number of passengers and their constant flow distribution in the airport is an important consideration from the operational perspective to influence the energy consumption. This paper proposed a spatiotemporal passenger distribution model. In this model, a terminal was divided into 13 different zones along the departure or arrival process, and the passenger variation for each day was described for each zone. Over a year, 12 monthly average passenger flow values were adopted instead of the peak hour passenger flow to represent the yearly passenger flow distribution. The model was validated by the operation data of the Nanning Airport and compared the data against the validated people movement model of passengers’ flow profile in each zone and occupant densities. The model was then input into an energy simulation software to verify the impact of the passenger flow on energy consumption. Based on the spatiotemporal passenger distribution model, the annual cooling consumption could be reduced by 17.14% compared to results based on the traditional passenger flow calculation method which has a simple assumption of daily constant passenger flow.
Avoiding real news, believing in fake news? Investigating pathways from information overload to misbelief
Authors: Tandoc Edson C , Kim Hye Kyung
Published: May 2022

This study sought to examine the potential role of news avoidance in belief in COVID-19 misinformation. Using two-wave panel survey data in Singapore, we found that information overload is associated with news fatigue as well as with difficulty in analyzing information. News fatigue and analysis paralysis also subsequently led to news avoidance, which increased belief in COVID-19 misinformation. However, this link is present only among those who are frequently exposed to misinformation about COVID-19.
Book review: Hout, W. and Salih, M.M.A. 2019: A Political Economy of African Regionalisms: An Overview of Asymmetrical Development
Authors: Karnaukhova Oxana
Published: May 2022

Hout, W. and Salih, M.M.A. 2019: A Political Economy of African Regionalisms: An Overview of Asymmetrical Development. Cheltenham, UK and Northampton, MA, USA: Edward Elgar Publishing. 200 pp. £70 hardback. ISBN: 978-1-78536-436-5 (cased), 978-1-78536-437-2 (eBook). 10.4337/9781785364372
European fiscal reform preferences of parliamentarians in France, Germany and Italy
Authors: Blesse Sebastian , Bordignon Massimo , Boyer Pierre C , Carapella Piergiorgio , Heinemann Friedrich , Janeba Eckhard , Raj Anasuya
Published: May 2022

Using data from a unique survey of members of parliaments in France, Germany and Italy in 2018, we estimate the effects of three dimensions on EU and Euro Area fiscal reform preferences: nationality, political ideology and populism. We predict and confirm that a German populist party on the right is most opposed to a more developed European fiscal union, while a non-populist politician on the political left in France or Italy is most integrationist. Furthermore, the relative position of French and Italian policymakers is issue dependent and the left dimension outweighs the German dimension in two out of seven reform issues. Finally, populism intensifies the polarizing impact of national interests.
Effect of mini-implant facilitated micro-osteoperforations on the alignment of mandibular anterior crowding: A randomised controlled clinical trial
Authors: Al-Attar Ali , Nissan Layth , Almuzian Mohammed , Abid Mushriq
Published: May 2022

Objective:

To assess the effects of mini-implant assisted micro-osteoperforations (MI-MOPs) in the alignment of mandibular anterior teeth, and to explore the intervention’s associated pain perception (PP) and root resorption (RR) in adults treated by fixed appliance.

Design:

Multicentre, two-arm and single-blinded randomised clinical trial.

Setting:

College of Dentistry, University of Baghdad.

Participants:

Adolescents (mean age = 18.97 years) undergoing non-extraction orthodontic therapy for the management of mandibular anterior crowding.

Methods:

A total of 33 participants (mean age = 18.97 years) undergoing non-extraction orthodontic therapy for the management of moderate mandibular anterior crowding were allocated to the experimental (MI-MOPs, n = 17) or control groups (non-MI-MOPs, n = 16). A series of lower study models were obtained at week 4 (T1), week 8 (T2) and week 12 (T3) in the MI-MOPs group and continued to week 16 (T4) and week 20 (T5) in the non-MI-MOPs group, with all models analysed digitally. Periapical radiographs (PA) were taken before commencing treatment (T0) and T3. Participants were asked to complete a 10-point visual analogue scale (VAS) daily during the first week of treatment.

Results:

At T0, the mean Little irregularity index (LII) was 5.1 mm (95% confidence interval [CI] = 4.95–5.23) with no statistically significant difference between groups ( P = 0.766). At T1, T2 and T3, t-test showed statistically significant differences in the LII ( P < 0.05) in favour of the MI-MOPs group; mean differences (MD) were −1.16mm (95% CI = −1.36 to −0.96), −1.77 mm (95% CI = −1.93 to −1.59) and −1.58 mm (95% CI = −1.67 to −1.48), respectively. Mean treatment time from baseline to final alignment was 10.41 weeks (95% CI = 9.92–10.89) in the MI-MOPs group and 16.62 weeks (95% CI = 16.11–17.13) in the non-MI-MOPs groups, which was statistically significant (MD −6.21 mm, 95% CI = −6.88 to −5.53, P < 0.05). Conversely, Mann–Whitney U-test and Wilcoxon signed-rank test showed no significant differences in terms of PP and RR between the groups ( P > 0.05). The participants in the MI-MOPs group experienced a higher degree of RR ( P < 0.05) secondary to intervention. No other significant adverse events were reported during the trial.

Conclusion:

This trial found that combining MI-MOPs with non-extraction-based fixed orthodontic therapy in adults mildly shortens the duration of the alignment phase. RR should be monitored throughout the treatment when using MI-MOPs (ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04778241).
Fair Trade in an unfair market: economic competitiveness and workers’ rights in Costa Rica’s banana industry
Authors: Zaglul Ruiz Layla
Published: May 2022

The Fair Trade movement aims to provide producers and workers at the tail end of the value chain with secure working conditions and just incomes. However, the certification standards generated by these goals are often incompatible with the regional production systems. By comparing two Costa Rican banana farms––one Fair Trade, one conventional-my research reveals that Fair Trade regulations fail to account for the complexities of the structural issues that create and maintain precarity. This article shows that despite the movement’s best intentions it is unsuccessful in controlling the application of its values as it is disconnected from the communities on the ground. Fair Trade’s ideals become tainted locally because of pre-existing inequalities that shape social relations. I therefore specify that Fair Trade would benefit from integrating requirements specific to regional and national production processes––termed here “industry specific” standards.
Performance characteristics analysis of CI engine using dual biodiesel
Authors: Pandey Arun Kumar , Mishra Vipin Bihari , Verma Vijay
Published: May 2022

Due to the scarcity of petroleum fuel, the researchers have paid their attention to find the alternative fuels. The biodiesels may be the best choice among different available alternative fuels as these fuels gives better performance and less emission of the green house gases. For getting the better performance on biodiesel, the testing as well as optimum parameter for better performance is required to be found. Keeping these facts in mind, this study has been carried out. This study shows the effects of different process parameters such as compression ratio, biodiesel percentage and the injection pressure on the performance parameter such as brake thermal efficiency, specific fuel consumption and exhaust gas emission. The tests were performed on the four stroke single cylinder CI engine on the double biodiesel blends of Soyabean and Karana by using the experimental design of L16. The statistical method has been used to find the mathematical relation among the different variables and responses. The developed model shows very good adequacy and prediction ability of different performances. The optimization has been carried out by using the well known Taguchi methodology and optimization results suggest the best combination for getting the better performance. The optimum parameter setting for maximum values of brake thermal efficiency has been found as 20% blends, 16 compression ratios and 230 bar of injection pressure
Optimization via genetic algorithm of a variable-valve-actuation spark-ignition engine based on the integration between 1D/3D simulation codes and optimizer
Authors: Teodosio Luigi , Berni Fabio
Published: May 2022

In this work, a turbocharged spark ignition engine equipped with a variable valve actuation device is investigated to numerically optimize the Brake specific fuel consumption (BSFC) at different loads and speeds by employing a genetic algorithm. The engine is preliminary analyzed at the test bench under both part and full load operations and different valve strategies. A system schematization is realized in a 1D code. The developed model is integrated with user-defined sub-models for the description of the in-cylinder processes, and then is validated over the measurements. A 3D CFD model of a single cylinder is developed in a commercial code and validated against experimental mean in-cylinder pressure and combustion indicators. The validated 1D engine model is coupled to an external optimizer, to identify the optimal calibration, performing multi-variable and multi-objective optimizations with the adoption of the MOGA genetic algorithm. The latter aims at minimizing the BSFC in a BMEP sweep, at fixed speed, while controlling the load through the Inlet Valve Closure (IVC) at fully opened throttle valve. The optimization results show that an advanced control of the intake valve strategy allows a maximum BSFC advantage of 26% at medium/high loads and medium speeds, if compared to the manufacturer-advised engine calibration. The outcomes of the optimization process are also confirmed by the 3D CFD tool. The latter not only contributes to the tuning of the 1D model, but it also provides an in-depth on detailed 3D aspects, such as turbulence and knock, that could not be assessed via a simplified 1D approach. The presented methodology represents a valuable tool to refine the virtual calibration of VVA engines and to support the design phase, thus remarkably reducing the experimental efforts. Moreover, it is a promising example of integration between 1D and 3D CFD tools.
On the Tracks of Musical Screenscapes: Analysing the Emerging Phenomenon of Bollywood Filmi-song Tourism in Iceland
Authors: Nanjangud Apoorva , Reijnders Stijn
Published: May 2022

Around the world, cities and regions are welcoming tourists after being in the spotlight of popular movies, games, novels, TV series or other forms of popular media culture. Popular Hindi cinema (Bollywood) too has long impacted destination imaginaries and the ensuing travels. What remains scarce in existing research is how its crucial component – Filmi-songs – impacts tourists’ imaginaries of a destination, and consequently how they perform their travels. This study investigates the role and significance of filmi-songs in tourism practices, by focussing on the case-study of ‘Gerua’ from the film ‘Dilwale’ (2015), after which Iceland experienced a rise in Indian tourism. Employing 18 in-depth interviews with tourists, but also various local stakeholders in the business of media-tourism, this study attempts to understand what impact Bollywood songs have on travel motivations of its audiences, how tourists experience the filmi-song location on-site, and finally how the phenomenon is perceived and evaluated by local stakeholders in Iceland. Results show that filmi-song tourists are actively engaged in reconstructing scenes from their beloved filmi-songs by indulging in shot re-creations and song re-enactments. By drawing links between Bollywoodized narratives and locations in Iceland, and by sharing these performances online, these tourist practices contribute to the imaginative heritage of Iceland in the global imagination.
Finding Max’s wolves: Literacy socialization in the margins
Authors: Becker-Zayas Ava
Published: May 2022

For decades, language and literacy scholars working within a sociocultural framework have laboured to bring attention to the strengths of marginalized students in an effort to create more inclusive and equitable learning environments (e.g., Cummins, 2000 ; Dyson, 1997 ; González et al., 2005 ; Heath, 1983 ). While this work has moved the field forward in invaluable ways, it has not consistently engaged with processes of marginalization as a complex practice, which has produced gaps in our understanding of how we can best address it in research and practice to the benefit of all learners. Drawing on the notions of literacy socialization ( Sterponi, 2012 ) and syncretic literacy ( Duranti and Ochs, 1996 ; Gregory et al., 2013a ), in this paper I conduct a close examination of the in- and out-of-school literacy socialization practices of Max Calfu, a seven-year-old Chilean-Canadian boy, over the course of a year-long ethnography that I conducted with his family at their home, at his Spanish-English bilingual public school, and in transit between home and school in a large Western Canadian city. At school, Max’s Indigenous identity was regularly rendered invisible by the cultural capital his Chilean-national heritage held within the Spanish bilingual program ( Calderón and Urrieta, 2019 ). Using thematic analysis ( Saldaña, 2013 ), I demonstrate how Max incorporated the wolf figure into his literacy practices over the course of the research year, considering multiple scales of space and time, and in relation to key mediators. My analysis calls attention to the ways in which he drew on his syncretic literacy experiences to author his Indigenous identity in official and unofficial learning spaces. I conclude the paper by arguing that examining syncretism in children’s literacy practices can lay the foundation for a more ethically, emotionally, and culturally engaged language education.
Drone views: a multimodal ethnographic perspective
Authors: Serafinelli Elisa , O’Hagan Lauren Alex
Published: May 2022

Drone visuals are rapidly becoming part of our sociocultural imaginaries, generating distinct images that differ from traditional visual conventions and producing unexpected perspectives of the world that reveal hidden aspects of our surroundings. Despite the growing use of camera-laden drones in a range of commercial and non-commercial activities, to date, little scholarly attention has been paid to the semiotics of drone visuals. This article is the first to draw specific attention to the compositional structure of drone visuals, combining social semiotic analysis with ethnographic insights to assess how they are changing the way we think about the world. Exploring drone hobbyists’ and developers’ perspectives on drone usage and the visuals they generate, the authors identify and examine three frequently occurring characteristics of drone visuals: top-down views, 360-degree panoramic views and ‘classic’ landscape perspectives. The critical analysis of these peculiarities leads them to argue for the potential of these innovative visions to reshape our visual culture. In their conclusion, the authors aim to open a conversation about the way technological advancements mark important sociocultural changes in sense-making processes, geographical imaginations and everyday life experiences.
Hierarchies of knowledge about intersectionality in marketing theory and practice
Authors: Rosa-Salas Marcel , Sobande Francesca
Published: May 2022

There is scant research regarding intersectionality and epistemic hierarchies in marketing, including connections and disconnections between knowledge about intersectionality produced in marketing scholarship and practice. Thus, we examine how market logics propelled by gendered racial capitalism and the commercialization of identity politics impact the production of knowledge about intersectionality in the marketing discipline and industry. We consider how the notion of “intersectionality” has been conceptualized and obfuscated in marketing scholarship and entwined industry discourse. Consequently, we provide a genealogy of how “intersectionality” has been framed in marketing studies and industry approaches which reflect the entanglements of knowledge production, the politics of representation, and the marketization of social justice. Overall, we contribute to scholarly interventions regarding how intersecting oppressions influence marketing and critical analyses of it, as well as the complex interrelationship between marketing, commercial representation, and discourses of identity, inequality, and structural change.
The duty to supply original title deeds: a case for reforming s.13A of the Conveyancing and Property Ordinance
Authors: Liu Hin
Published: May 2022

In Hong Kong, a transaction for the sale and purchase of land imposes a duty on the vendor to supply original title deeds upon completion. If this duty is breached, the purchaser would be entitled to refuse completion. Yet, much confusion has arisen over the precise requirements of this duty, given that it is thought to originate from two distinct sources: the common law, and s.13A of the Conveyancing and Property Ordinance (Cap.219). It is suggested that the current common law position is based on a misunderstanding of s.13A, and that the current statutory position under s.13A is not aligned with the normative rationale of the duty. As such, it is necessary to amend s.13A. When considering the substance of the amendment, the Hong Kong Legislative Council (“LegCo”) ought to ensure that the scope of the duty is aligned with its normative rationale, that the law is sufficiently certain, and that vendors who have relied on the current position would not be retrospectively prejudiced.
Technology-driven solutions to banks’ de-risking practices in Hong Kong: FinTech and blockchain-based smart contracts for financial inclusion
Authors: Lee Emily
Published: May 2022

This article examines banks’ de-risking practices inside Hong Kong's Anti-Money Laundering/Countering the Financing of Terrorism (AML/CFT) regime, a problem that has created considerable tension between the demands of AML/CFT prevention and those of financial inclusion. It unravels the public policy tensions stemming from a multitude of financial reform causes, namely the facilitation of AML/CFT regulatory compliance, the promotion of financial technology (FinTech) innovation and an ultimate expansion in financial inclusion. The article argues that tiered account services are an important first step towards financial inclusion, culminating in the introduction of simple bank accounts by some banks to mitigate the effect of de-risking. While proposed solutions such as the know-your-client utility system and central data repository may contribute to a digital financial inclusion framework, they are not tailored to solve a specific problem (de-risking). The article therefore proposes and evaluates whether FinTech and blockchain-based smart contracts qualify as alternative solutions to de-risking. The article aims to address those policy tensions and contribute to the regulatory policy formulation and the rule-making for financial law and regulation intended to facilitate financial inclusion.
Managing critical transitions: Career support to young people risking ineligibility for upper secondary education
Authors: Sundelin Åsa , Lundahl Lisbeth
Published: May 2022

This paper focuses on the support given by schools to students who are likely to leave Swedish compulsory education without the grades required to enter upper secondary education (USE). The aim is to increase knowledge about career counselors’ and teachers’ strategies and work in lower secondary schools in order to facilitate this critical transition, and to examine factors influencing this support. It takes as its starting point theoretical frameworks stressing the agency of professionals in welfare organizations, and the importance of support during the educational transitions of young people at risk. The paper builds on interviews with 20 teachers and career counselors in six municipalities of varying character. Teachers’ and career counselors’ micro-choices have a major impact on the support provided to students. Their work consists of direct and indirect support, with the former referring to prescribed professional assignments. Indirect support, taking the form of advocacy, relational, and emotional work, is not officially recognized, but appears to be a necessary precondition for the direct support. The transition seems to be at risk of becoming overly fragile unless the support is characterized by sustained collaboration between school actors in compulsory school, and between compulsory and USE levels.
Wave-induced seepage force on a buried pipe in the presence of a floating structure
Authors: Suresh Kumar Duggivalasa , Gopikrishnan Kasala Vijay , Achani Dasharatha , Sunny Mohammed Rabius , Sahoo Trilochan
Published: May 2022

This work aims to understand the variations in the oscillatory seepage force on a buried pipe in the presence of a floating structure under the influence of long-crested waves. The study is based on numerical investigation carried out using Finite Element Analysis wherein the water wave is modelled using potential flow theory and the soil modelling in accordance with Biot’s consolidation equations. The investigation is carried out in the frequency domain considering a range of wave, soil and floating body parameters. At first, the sensitivity of wave and soil parameters on the development of vertical seepage force on a buried pipe is studied. Then a floating body is introduced to the fluid domain and the wave scattering effects on the seabed pressures and seepage forces on the buried pipe are investigated. The numerical results reveal that in the case of barge or floating-fixed breakwater, the increase in vertical seepage forces on the buried pipe is about two-fold in intermediate water depths (π/8 < kh < π/2). The increase in the susceptibility to instantaneous and residual liquefaction of soil above the buried pipe due to the presence of a floating body is also addressed.
Curricular Approaches to Supporting University Student Academic Success and Wellbeing
Authors: Richmond Jenny L. , Cranney Jacquelyn
Published: May 2022

The goal of this work was to determine whether contextualized prompting can promote student engagement with resources designed to develop self-management skills. In a second-year social and developmental psychology unit, a special section of the learning management system (LMS) contained multiple self-management tools/resources which covered topics such as time-management, study strategies, and emotional regulation. “Just-in-time” (JIT) prompts regarding selected self-management tools were delivered through LMS reminders (e.g., time-management tools early in the term). The primary measures were the number of hits on each resource and the percentage of students who accessed each resource, which allowed comparison between those resources selected for JIT LMS prompts, and those that were not. Across two studies (whereby in the second study, the LMS section was simplified, and the frequency of JIT prompts was increased), it was found that there were more hits on the JIT-prompted resources than those resources that were not prompted, and that the percentage of students accessing the JIT resources generally dropped off across the term. In addition, Study 2 suggested that increasing the frequency of JIT prompts did not increase student engagement. Limitations, implications, and future directions for this initiative are discussed.