bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Inteligencia artificial y derechos de participación política
Authors: Montilla Martos José Antonio
Published: October 2023

En este trabajo se analizan los riesgos derivados de Inteligencia Artificial para los derechos de participación política de la ciudadanía, por la posible incidencia en los procesos electorales. A partir de ello, se apuntan las líneas de actuación más adecuadas para abordar esos riesgos. En ese sentido, se destaca la importancia que puede tener el futuro Reglamento europeo de Inteligencia Artificial si finalmente es aprobado con los elementos que permitan el control, evaluación y sanción de los sistemas e instrumentos de Inteligencia Artificial que puedan afectar a los procesos electorales, al condicionar de forma subliminal la actuación de los electores.
The role and importance of play in physiotherapy
Authors:   University of Debrecen, Institute of Sport Economics and Management, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary, TÓVIZI Anita , KINCZEL Antonia ,   University of Debrecen, Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute of Health Sciences, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary, ZIDEK Péter ,   János Selye University, Faculty of Pedagogy, Department of Primary and Pre- school Education, 3322, Komarno, Slovakia, LENGYEL Attila ,   University of Debrecen, Institute of Sport Economics and Management, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary, PÁLINKÁS Réka ,   University of Debrecen, Institute of Sport Economics and Management, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary, LAOUES-CZIMBALMOS Nóra ,   University of Debrecen, Institute of Sport Economics and Management, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary, MOLNÁR Anikó ,   University of Debrecen, Institute of Sport Economics and Management, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary, MÜLLER Anetta ,   University of Debrecen, Institute of Sport Economics and Management, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary
Published: October 2023

Play is one of the human condition, as it accompanies us throughout our lives. The developmental role of play is used in many areas, education and training being no exception. In this article, the role and importance of toys in physical education sessions for pupils in the specialised teaching service who are in physical education are examined. The research included 120 students from schools in Hajdúböszörmény and Hajdúdorog, who are part of the Hajdúböszörmény branch of the Hajdú-Bihar County Pedagogical Service and are classified as students in physical education. We were looking for answers to questions such as what sports or movement games they play in PE sessions, how much they like them and how motivated they are by playing them. The results of the research confirm that the positive personality of the physical education teacher, the colourful toolbox and the methods he uses, such as the use of movement games, motivate pupils to actively participate in physical education lessons. By exploiting the motivational role of games, both children's attitudes towards physical education and their activity in class can be shaped. According to the pupils who participated in the sessions, it was found that they felt the positive benefits of the PE sessions in terms of performance, fitness and resilience and self-confidence.
Analysis of Hasan Latif Sarıyüce's children's poems in terms of children's literature and Turkish language teaching
Authors:   Department of Turkish Education, Afyon Kocatepe University, Turkiye, Uysal Bilal
Published: October 2023

Language serves as a paramount instrument in facilitating interpersonal communication. Beyond its communicative function, language plays a pivotal role in facilitating the transmission of cultural and societal experiences to subsequent generations. Consequently, the realm of language education has assumed a position of paramount importance. Educational curricula have been meticulously designed to impart instruction in various facets, including the teaching of the Turkish language, the conveyance of cultural heritage, the cultivation of values, and the development of literary sensibilities. Turkish and literature support each other in these programs. Children's literature, which has an outstanding contribution to teaching Turkish, is aimed at children and is performed for children's education. Children's literature has various text types, such as fables, fairy tales, and poems. Poetry, one of the most influential text types, is essential in form and emotion sharing. Hasan Latif Sarıyüce is a prolific writer who works in many text types, such as essays, fairy tales, memoirs, and poems. This study analyzed 36 poems by Hasan Latif Sarıyüce for children regarding Turkish teaching and children's literature. The poems were grouped according to their topics: mother's love, family and kinship, children's world, environment, nature, and animals. Poems were analyzed regarding verse, harmony, meter, title, topic, theme, language and expression, values, and literary arts. Accordingly, it was determined that 19 poems used syllabic meter, and 17 poems were written in free verse. The titles of 33 poems reflect the content, the themes of the 36 poems are compatible with the 2019 Turkish Lesson Teaching Program, the topics of the 36 poems are suitable for children, 35 poems are understandable for children in terms of language and expression, 17 poems have values, and 25 poems have literary arts. Accordingly, it has been seen that Hasan Latif Sarıyüce's poems written for children are exemplary in adopting literary values, giving literary pleasure, and transferring the common culture of the society. For this reason, it is recommended for Turkish teachers and students.
Developing writing skills based on writing portfolio in German as a foreign language: An empirical study for portfolio work
Authors:   Department of Foreign Languages Education, Faculty of Education, Trakya University, Edirne, Türkiye, Göktaş Selma
Published: October 2023

In German as a Foreign Language Education, portfolios are used for different purposes. One of the most common areas of portfolio use is ‘writing portfolios’, which are prepared by instructors to plan students' writing processes and improve their writing skills by giving feedback, regular review and control. In this study, it was aimed to investigate the functionality of the portfolio work carried out within the scope of the writing course and its effect on writing success by receiving the opinions of the students. The study group of this research consists of 39 students who studied in the first year of the German Language Teaching Department of Education Faculty at Trakya University in the academic year 2022-2023. Since it was thought to be the most appropriate research method for the purpose of the study, the phenomenological research design, which is a qualitative research method, was preferred. In the study, a semi-structured interview form containing 4 questions was created by the researcher and used as a data collection tool. The study aimed to assess students' perspectives on various aspects, including the impact of their portfolio work in the writing course on their writing habits and achievements, feedback received, and the types of texts they composed for their portfolios. The obtained interview data were analyzed with content analysis which is a qualitative method for data analysis. According to the study findings, students were positively influenced by the portfolio assignments in general and expressed their desire for the constant implementation of this approach.
Introduction: The Sokol Movement between State and Society in Interwar East Central and Southeastern Europe
Authors: Balikić Lucija , Newman John Paul , Pojar Vojtěch
Published: October 2023

This special issue is the result of the three year-long collaboration between the contributors and a larger group of scholars on the topic of Sokol and analogous organizations and phenomena mainly in East Central Europe in the modern era. Our goal was to examine such organizations from multiple perspectives, including the history of political thought, the history of knowledge production, military history, art history, youth history, urban history, the history of religion, history of sports, as well as the history of medicine and eugenics. To that end, we organized three events whereby we identified key themes and workshopped the contributions to the prospective special issue, as well as situated our findings within broader disciplinary and theoretical frameworks.
The Role of Architecture in Shaping Sokol Visual Identity in the Kingdom of Yugoslavia
Authors: Putnik Prica Vladana
Published: October 2023

The interwar period is considered to be the “golden age” of the Sokol movement in Yugoslavia, when the organization enjoyed the support of the state and much of the population. One of the key elements in the process of shaping the visual identity of the Yugoslav Sokol was its purpose-built architecture, namely Sokolski dom (Sokol hall or center) and Sletište (Sokol stadium). It is estimated that there were around 280 such structures built in Yugoslavia, and a number of them are considered highlights of Yugoslav architecture. The stylistic variety of these structures demonstrated the different approaches to and interpretations and overall understanding of how Sokol’s visual identity should be shaped and, more importantly, how Yugoslavism could be visually communicated through Sokol architecture. This article explores the different methods and approaches to Sokol architecture in the context of the country’s post-imperial transition following the end of the Great War. It demonstrates how the relationship between Sokol societies and the state was reflected in Sokol architecture.
Beyond “The Power of the Powerless”: the Political Thought and Polemics of the Czechoslovak Opposition, 1977–1980
Authors: Hanyš Milan
Published: October 2023

The article focuses on the political thought of the Czechoslovak opposition during the brief period from the creation of Charter 77 to 1980. It analyzes the themes of Václav Havel’s essay “The Power of the Powerless” within the context of the political thought of Czechoslovak dissidents. In doing so, it reveals various positions that were highly critical of Havel’s formulation of dissent. It is argued that the intellectual discourse of the opposition can be structured according to contentious themes such as the relationship to the impersonal institutions of modern society, the nature of politics and party politics in particular, the meaning and importance of “living in truth,” the interpretation of “small-scale work,” and the nature of responsibility (moral versus political). This article reveals mutually incompatible intellectual positions which, although unrealized in practice, are not intellectually inferior to canonical texts like Havel’s.
Making Gymnastics Catholic: The Life, Death, and Resurrection of the Croatian Orao in Interwar Yugoslavia
Authors: Giomi Fabio
Published: October 2023

This article focuses on the Croatian Orao, a gymnastic organization that became hegemonic among the Croatian Catholic population of interwar Yugoslavia. The first section examines the genesis of the Croatian Orao within the changing Catholic landscape of Croatia, Yugoslavia, and Europe more broadly, with particular emphasis on Orao’s relationships with Orel – a gymnastic movement very similar to Orao that was popular among Slovenes – and the Holy See, as well as Orao’s role in conflicts in the Croatian Catholic sphere. Part 2 will situate the Croatian Orao in the complex ecosystem of youth and gymnastic organizations present in the first Yugoslav state, especially with respect to the different Sokol organizations. Focusing on the actual sport activities practiced in Orao, the aim is to tackle the specific place of gymnastics in the associational culture of the Croatian Orao. The third and final part will explore the dismantling of Orao’s associational network by the state in 1929, and the association’s reorganization in other, more radical guises in 1930.
ANALISIS BIAYA INVESTASI PERKERASAN LENTUR DAN PERKERASAN KAKU (Studi Kasus Pada Ruas Jalan Akses Rusun PPI_TPI Romokalisari Surabaya)
Authors: Prasetya Eko Juli , Marleno Risma , Tjendani Hanie Teki
Published: October 2023

Jalan merupakan sarana transportasi utama mencapai suatu tujuan dari satu tempat ke tempat lain. Tujuan penelitian untuk menemukan desain proyek dan biaya proyek perkerasan kaku terhadap perkerasan Lentur di di ruas jalan akses Rusun TPI-PPI Romokalisari Surabaya,  dan menemukan perbandingan biaya proyek. Perbandingan biaya proyek perkerasan kaku terhadap perkerasan Lentur di di ruas jalan akses Rusun TPI-PPI Romokalisari Surabaya selama jangka 10 dan 20 tahun. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan sekunder. Analisis data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan Analisis teknis perbandingan perkerasan lentur dan perkerasan kaku dari segi biaya. Berdasarkan hasil analisa teknis proyek perkerasan jalan lentur berikut: 1) Lapisan AC-WC = 5 cm; 2) Lapisan AC-BC = 5 cm; 3) Tanah Dasar Kelas A (CBR) 100% = 30 cm. Perkerasan kaku memiliki ketebalan plat beton K. 400= 28 cm, Lapis pondasi Klas A = 20 cm, Land Concrete K. 125= 15 cm. Demikian juga hasil uji perkerasan kaku Dowel dan TiebarPanjang Besi Dowel= 45 Cm, Jarak Antar Ruji=30 Cm, Diameter Ruji=32  mm. Sedangkan  Hasil Perhitungan Tie Bar Panjang Besi Tie Bar =84Cm, Jarak Antar Tier Bar=60Cm, Diameter Tie Bar = 20mm. Biaya kontruksi  Perkerasan kaku ditinjau dari umur rencana 10 Tahun /(UR.10) memiliki biaya lebih murah dibandingkan dengan perkerasan kaku sebesar Rp. 1.202.554.040,87 atau 7,30%. Demikian Perkerasan kaku juga lebih direkomendasikan ditinjau dari umur rencana 10 maupun 20 Tahun /(UR.20) memiliki biaya lebih rendah dibandingkan dengan perkerasan lentur sebesar Rp. 9.924.703.104,44 atau 19,88%.
Analysis of Mathematics Education Students' Errors in Solving Limit Function Problems
Authors: Husna Asmaul , Himmi Nailul
Published: October 2023

This study aims to describe students’ errors when solving limit function problems in the Calculus I course. This research is a qualitative descriptive study. The subjects in this study were taken from mathematics education students at a university in Riau Kepulauan, Indonesia. The methods of collecting the data used in this study were tests and interviews. Before the researcher conducted the analysis, the researcher examined the validity of the data using triangulation between researchers, where the method used is more than a researcher in analyzing and collecting data to obtain valid data. Furthermore, the valid data was analyzed and concluded. From the results of the research, it was found that students could understand the facts presented, but most students made errors in solving the problems presented with a concept error of 32.35% (low category), principle errors of 29.41% (low category), and operating errors of 41.18% (medium category). Problem-solving errors occur because of wrong choices of the true solution and a lack of rigorous students in the completion of them. So, for further research, it is necessary to examine what factors cause students to be less thorough in solving math problems.
The Effectiveness of Using Practicum-Based Algorithm and Programming Module on Cognitive Learning Outcomes of Mathematics Education Students
Authors: Franita Yesi , Gunawan Gunawan , Kumawati Siti
Published: October 2023

This study aimed to 1) analyze the effect of using practicum-based Algorithm and Programming modules on cognitive learning outcomes of Mathematics Education students, and 2) analyze the effectiveness of practicum-based Algorithm and Programming modules in improving the cognitive learning outcomes of Mathematics Education students. The learning outcomes in question were in the form of a pretest and posttest. The learning outcomes in question are in the form of a pretest and posttest. The subjects of this study were the second semester students in class 02 of Mathematics Education Study Program Universitas Tidar in the even semester of the 2019/2020 academic year who were selected with the cluster random sampling technique. The research design used was pre-experimental with the form of one group pretest-posttest design. This study used instruments in the form of observation sheets, interview guidelines, and tests. The data analysis techniques used were the prerequisite test (normality), the Wilcoxon test, and N-Gain. The results showed that there was a significant effect of the use of practicum-based Algorithm and Programming modules on the cognitive learning outcomes of Mathematics Education students and the use of practicum-based Algorithm and Programming modules was effective in improving the cognitive learning outcomes of Mathematics Education students. The results of the calculation of the N-Gain value showed that there was an increase in the results of the pretest and posttest of 0.7742 which is included in the high category and in the percentage of 77.42% is included in the category of effective interpretation.
Application of Think Pair Share and Numbered Head Together Model on Mathematics Learning Outcomes
Authors: Mukminatin Mukminatin
Published: October 2023

Based on events in the field, learning mathematics is still carried out conventionally so that students feel bored and less interested in learning mathematics; one solution is to apply a cooperative learning model, namely think pair share and numbered heads together. This study aims to compare mathematics learning outcomes among students whose learning is through the application of the type cooperative model Think Pair Share (TPS) and Numbered Head Together (NHT) type in class VII of an Islamic Junior High School in Central Java, Indonesia, with the selection of class VII B as experimental class 1 with 31 students and VII E as experimental class 2 with 31 students. This type of research was experimental research. Data collection techniques in the study were through observation, documentation, and test techniques. Data analysis in this study used descriptive and inferential analysis, including a normality test, homogeneity test, and Independent Sample t-Test with a significant level of 5%. Calculation of the independent sample t-test obtained a significance value (2-tailed) of 0.000 0.005, and the calculation of the gain score received a value of 0.7009. The result of this study indicates that the Think Pair Share (TPS) learning model is better than the application of learning outcomes using the Numbered Head Together (NHT) learning model on the mathematics learning outcomes with the category of “High” improvement.
The nematode fauna of the digestive tract of goats in the Moscow region
Authors: Pimenov I. A. , Kuznetsov D. N. , Odoevskaya I. M. , Afanasyev A. D. , Varlamova A. I.
Published: October 2023

The purpose of the research is to study the fauna of gastrointestinal nematodes of goats in the Moscow region. Materials and methods. The studies were carried out from December 2022 to April 2023. The object for the studies was the contents of the digestive tracts of 10 goats from small farms in the Moscow region, which were collected and fixed according to the method of K. I. Skryabin (1928). The species of detected nematodes were identified according to V. M. Ivashkin et al. (1989). A study of fecal samples was carried out, the genus of infective larvae was determined by the method of P. A. Polyakov (1953). Results and discussion. Three species of nematodes were detected: Haemonchus contortus, Trichostrongylus colubriformis and Teladorsagia circumcincta according to the results of helminthological necropsies of goats. The highest rate of infection was noted for H. contortus and the highest intensity of infection was noted for T. colubriformis. The nematode T. circumcincta was found only in one of 10 studied goats, in the amount of 13 worms. The larvae of Trichostrongylus, Oesophagostomum and Chabertia genera were identified according to their morphology in the examined feces samples in one of the seven farms. Many larvae of the first two genera were found, and Сhabertia larvae were single. The low species diversity noted in this study may be due to the presence of anthelmintic-resistant nematode strains.
Fleas (Siphonaptera) of small mammals in the northern taiga of Western Siberia
Authors: Starikov V. P. , Egorov S. V. , Vershinin E. A. , Bernikov K. A.
Published: October 2023

The purpose of the research is to identify the composition of fleas, and infection rates in small mammals in the northern taiga of Western Siberia; and to summarize information on fleas in the studied area. Materials and methods. In 2008, 2010, and 2016–2021, records of small mammals and their ectoparasites (fleas) were made in the northern taiga of Western Siberia. Parasitological survey was performed for 1363 specimens of insectivores and rodents of 13 species that were recorded using trap trenches, drift fences and trap-lines. A total of 1524 fleas of 18 species were recorded. Indices widely accepted in parasitology were used to assess quantitative indicators of fleas. Results and discussion. Based on the results of our own research and literature sources, small mammals in the northern taiga of Western Siberia were found to have specimens of 28 flea species. The flea fauna of the study area was represented by shrew fleas (Corrodopsylla birulai, Palaeopsylla sorecis), bird fleas (Ceratophyllus gallinae, C. garei), and specific species (Ceratophyllus anisus, C. indages, C. sciurorum, Megabothris walkeri, Leptopsylla segnis). Peromyscopsylla silvatica, Corrodopsylla birulai, Megabothris rectangulatus, Amalaraeus penicilliger, and Amphipsylla sibirica comprise the backbone of the flea fauna of small mammals in the northern taiga of Western Siberia.
Methods of coprological diagnostics of animal parasitoses
Authors: Panova O. A. , Kurnosova O. P. , Khrustalev A. V. , Arisov M. V.
Published: October 2023

The purpose of the research is to review the classical methods of coprological diagnostics, taking into account modern recommendations and proposals. Materials and methods. Literature sources on the issues of coprological methods of diagnosing parasitosis have been studied. Results and discussion. Diagnosis during life is an important element of practical veterinary activity, the success of which largely depends on the correct choice and competent use of suitable laboratory methods. For the diagnosis of parasitic diseases, the study of feces is most often used. Coprological methods are highly informative due to the fact that they can detect not only parasites of the digestive tract, liver, pancreas, but also a number of helminths of the respiratory system and even some tissue parasites that excrete eggs or larvae with feces. Unlike existing indirect immunological and molecular genetic methods, classical research methods are based on the detection and identification of the pathogens themselves at different stages of development. At the same time, the researcher has the opportunity to study morphological features and conduct morphometric analysis. The widespread use of classical coprological methods is also associated with their availability, they are quite simple to perform and relatively inexpensive. A limitation of coprological methods is the inability to diagnose pathogens that are at a non-propagative stage. The effectiveness of diagnostics is influenced by the method of collecting samples, the terms and conditions of transportation, and the choice of an adequate method for examining samples. The article presents the rules for sampling and options for the use of fixatives, a classification of coprological methods is given, and the procedure for performing research is described. Special attention is paid to the choice of flotation solutions, the method of cultivation of strongylid larvae and the method of sporulation of coccidia oocysts. Attention is drawn to the importance of micrometric measurements of detected objects. To ensure the quality of the conducted coprological studies, it is necessary to control the stages of the studies, the technical condition of the equipment and train the personnel. The material presented in the article is intended for both students and practitioners.
Efficiency of sandwich enzyme immunoassay for the diagnosis of larval echinococcus infection in cattle in the Republic of Azerbaijan
Authors: Rustamova S. I. , Sizov A. A.
Published: October 2023

The purpose of the research is to develop a sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for laboratory diagnosis of echinococcosis in animals. Materials and methods. The diagnostic efficiency of the ELISA test system developed by us against cystic echinococcus infection in cattle was studied by comparing the obtained results with the data of a postmortem examination of animal carcasses. The sera from 80 animals delivered to the slaughterhouse from farms of different regions of the Republic of Azerbaijan were tested. Results and discussion. A positive ELISA test result was obtained in 42 animals, which was 52.5% of the total number of the animals studied. The postmortem diagnosis was confirmed in 32 animals, which was 40.0%. The comparison of the ELISA diagnostic efficiency with the postmortem examination data was 68.75%. Fasciola species were found in the bile ducts in 7 animals with a positive ELISA test response to echinococcosis and a negative diagnosis in the postmortem examination, and Cysticercus tenuicollis was found in one animal.
Biotransformation of fenbendazole in sheep after administration of fenbendazole solid dispersion prepared by mechanochemical technique with arabinogalactane
Authors: Arkhipov I. A. , Arisov M. V. , Khalikov S. S. , Kochetkov P. P.
Published: October 2023

The purpose of the research is to study the biotransformation of fenbendazole in the body of sheep after administration of fenbendazole solid dispersion (FSD) prepared by mechanochemical technique with arabinogalactan. Materials and methods. The FSD at a dose of 2.0 mg/kg for the active substance was administered orally to sheep. Animal blood serum samples were studied by high performance liquid chromatography / tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-TMS) to determine the concentration of fenbendazole (FBZ) and its sulfoxide and sulfone metabolites at 0, 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 12, 24, 33, 48 and 72 hours after administered FSD and initial FBZ (substance). FBZ and its metabolite residual quantity in the organs and tissues of the sheep was determined at 1, 3, 6, 11, and 21 days after the drug administration. The prepared sample and validated method were described. Results and discussion. A significant difference was found in the metabolism, pharmacokinetics, and timing of the FBZ and its metabolite elimination after the base drug (FBZ substance) and FSD were administered to sheep in an equal dose of 2.0 mg/kg for the active substance. FBZ and its metabolites began to be detected in blood serum 2 hours after the FSD and 4 hours after the base FBZ. Pharmacokinetic parameters of FBZ and its metabolites characterize a higher drug concentration in the blood and a longer retention time in the circulation after the FSD as compared with the base drug parameters. The FBZ and its metabolite maximum concentration was found in the organs and tissues of the sheep that received the FSD on day 3 in the liver amount of 4862.3±296.2 ng/g of FBZ; 18243.5±486.1 ng/g of sulfoxide; and 2482.3±132.4 ng/g of sulfone; and tens of times lower concentration after the base FBZ on day 6. FBZ and its metabolites were not detected in the organs and tissues of the sheep on day 16 after the base FBZ, and on day 21 after the FSD.
Фразеология в междисциплинарных исследованиях - Svět v obrazech a ve frazeologii II / World in Pictures and in Phraseology II. Ladislav Janovec (ed.). Praha: Univerzita Karlova, 2021. 552 s. ISBN 978-80-7603-201-9
Authors: Корина Наталья
Published: October 2023

Die kritische Durchsicht des Sammelbandes Svět v obrazech a ve frazeologii II (Die Welt in Bildern und Phraseologie II, Prag 2021, hrsg. von L. Janovec) stellt dessen Inhalt, Struktur und die präsentierten Ansätze zur Phraseologieforschung vor. Die meistsprachlich-pragmatische, linguokulturelle und kommunikative Orientierung des Sammelbandes veranschaulicht die Relevanz interdisziplinärer Ansätze in der Sprachwissenschaft. Ausgewählte Studien werden im Kontext aktueller linguistischen Trends unter breiter Einbeziehung interdisziplinärer Parallelen und einer kritischen Analyse einzelner Tendenzen betrachtet.
MgAl-LAYERED DOUBLE HYDROXIDES: SYNTHESIS, CHARACTERISTICS, AND THEIR EFFECTS ON FLAME RETARDANT AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF CASTING POLYURETHANE
Authors:   Novosibirsk State University, NGUYEN Т.V.А. , TOLOCHKO B.P. ,   Novosibirsk State University,   Institute of Solid State Chemistry and Mechanochemistry SB RAS, GORBUNOV F.K. ,   Institute of Solid State Chemistry and Mechanochemistry SB RAS,   Novosibirsk State Technical University, FADINA А.А. ,   Institute of Solid State Chemistry and Mechanochemistry SB RAS
Published: October 2023

MgAl-layered double hydroxides with different molar ratios of cations were synthesized. The compound with ratio of (2:1) has been shown to exhibit better characteristics in thermal stability. The modification of polyurethane by using these hydroxides led to the improvement in composites properties: decrease by 47% in flame retardancy, and increase by 24,8% and 54,1% in tensile strength and Young's modulus, respectively.
Effect of long-term application of fertilizers on agrochemical parameters of typical chernozem and grain quality of winter wheat
Authors:   National Academy of Agrarian Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine, Zaryshniak A. S , Lisovyi M. V. ,   National Scientific Center “Institute for Soil Science and Agrochemistry Research named after O.N. Sokolovsky”, Kharkiv, Ukraine, Nikonenko V. M. ,   National Scientific Center “Institute for Soil Science and Agrochemistry Research named after O.N. Sokolovsky”, Kharkiv, Ukraine, Slidenko О. I. ,   National Scientific Center “Institute for Soil Science and Agrochemistry Research named after O.N. Sokolovsky”, Kharkiv, Ukraine
Published: October 2023

The aim of the article is to present the results of analytical research on the evaluation of changes in the parameters of the properties of typical chernozem in a stationary field experiment under the influence of 28 years of application of various types and combinations of mineral fertilizers on two agrophones in a crop rotation. The experiment established in 1990 on a typical heavy loam chernozem (Haplic Chernozem) in the experimental farm "Hrakivske” which belongs to the NSC "Institute for Soil Science and Agrochemistry Research" named after O. N. Sokolovsky, in the Chuguyiv district of the Kharkiv region. The aim was to conduct agroecological monitoring in conditions of intensive agriculture to establish the permissible level of load of intensive chemicalization on physical, chemical, and biological soil processes. In the soil samples taken in 2019 from the 0-30 cm layer, the changes that occurred after long-term application of fertilizer in the pH of the soil solution and the content of the following soil components were determined: humus; mineral compounds of nitrogen; nitrate nitrogen; ammonium nitrogen; mobile phosphorus compounds; mobile compounds of potassium. The quality of winter wheat grain determined by the gluten content. Seven variants of the experiment with different fertilizer combinations and the control variant (without fertilizers) placed on two agrophones: natural (only mineral fertilizers applied) and after-effect of manure (mineral fertilizers and manure applied). The results of the research in 2019 compared with the initial state of the soil in 1990 separately at each site, thus revealing changes in the parameters of the agrochemical characteristics of the soil under the influence of different types of fertilizers. Common conclusion. In the Left-bank high Forest-Steppe of Ukraine, the long-term (28 years) application of mineral fertilizers in the natural agrophone has a negative effect on the reaction of the soil solution and the content of total humus, but has a positive effect on the accumulation of mobile compounds of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium in the soil. The negative effect of mineral fertilizers on the soil properties manifested to a lesser extent after the application of manure. The application of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers in the norms of N60P120 provides a gluten content in winter wheat grains at the level of 25 %, which meets the regulatory requirements of the second class of group A.
Experience of the world's most famous soil information systems. Analytical
Authors:   National Scientific Center “Institute for Soil Science and Agrochemistry Research named after O.N. Sokolovsky”, Kharkiv, Ukraine, Lebed V. V.
Published: October 2023

The review article is devoted to the analysis of the practical experience of famous world centers for the collection of soil information in databases and soil information systems. The article examines the global experience of information provision of soil research and implementation of information technologies for soil resource management. The importance of developing databases of soil parameters and properties using methods standardized and harmonized with international ones is indicated. The main concepts of soil information systems are outlined and their classification by activity levels is given. A set of criteria has been defined that outlines the purpose of creating a soil information system, its structure, the set of data that should be supplied to it, the degree of their availability to users and the degree of applicability in soil management. An overview of the largest soil information systems in the world was conducted, the principles of their construction, functioning and ways of interaction with each other were determined. The largest soil information systems are global GLOSIS (FAO GSP) and WoSIS (ISRIC), regional ESDAC (EU countries), national NASIS (United States of America), CanSIS (Canada) and ASRIS (Australia). They can be considered as the main models for building and configuring the functionality of the national soil information system, which will allow Ukraine to integrate into the international soil data exchange system. The share of our state's participation in international soil information systems and the role of the NSC "ISSAR named after O.N. Sokolovsky" in replenishing the world's soil databases have been determined. The largest number of soil profiles of Ukraine is presented in WoSIS, which receives information about soils from many national and regional databases.
Studying Typography Used in Ability "Rashomon: Tenma Tengai" in The Bungou Stray Dogs Anime Adaptation
Authors: Rizqina Kirana , Jehan Devinnisa
Published: October 2023

Typography is the art and technique of arranging letters in a way that makes the written language easier to read and more appealing, display, or distribute. Typography is not limited to Latin or Romaji and is seen in the anime industry, especially anime, where it is used in kanji. Bungou Stray Dogs is an anime that adapts old literature to a younger audience and is a perfect study subject for kanji typography. Despite its manga and anime adaptations, it still sticks to its "old literature" antics. Hence, the focus of the typographic study in this article is solely on the anime version of the Bungou Stray Dogs manga, and specifically on the scene in the anime where the words "rashomon: tenma Tengai" are presented utilizing specific typographic approaches.
Nüzûl Ortamı ve Sebeb-i Nüzûl Bilgisinin Âyetleri Anlama ve Anlamlandırmaya Katkısı (Hucurât Sûresi 9-10. Âyetler Örneği)
Authors: YAĞMUR Oğuzhan Ş. , AYDEMİR Mehmet
Published: October 2023

Yüce Allah’ın insanlara hidayet kaynağı olarak gönderdiği Kur’ân-ı Kerim, nüzûlünden günümüze değin Müslümanlar tarafından çeşitli şekillerde yorumlanmış ve bu yorumlar/tefsirler insanların istifadesine sunulmuştur. Kur'ân-ı Kerîm’in daha iyi anlaşılması için yapılagelen bu yorumlarda müfessirin yaşadığı çağ, aldığı eğitim, mezhebî bakış açısı ve dünya görüşü gibi faktörler etkili olmuştur. Bu çerçevede yapılan yorumlar/tefsirler elbette ki bizzat Kur’ân’ın kendisi değil, müfessirlerin kendi bilgi birikimleri çerçevesinde yapmış oldukları yorumlardan ibarettir. Dolayısıyla tefsirler incelenirken tefsir sahiplerinin bir taraf-tan âyetlerin nâzil olduğu dönemi yani nüzûl ortamını ve sebeb-i nüzûlleri dikkate alıp almadıklarını; diğer taraftan âyet yorumuna etki eden kişisel özelliklerini ve düşünce yapılarını irdelemek gerekir. Zira bunlar dikkate alınmadığında müfessirlerin âyetlerin doğru anlamını tespit edip edemediklerini, âyetlere kendilerinden bir anlam yükleyip yüklemediklerini ve âyetleri bağlamından koparıp koparmadıklarını ya da bir başka ifade ile tarihsel yanılgıya/anakronizme düşüp düşmediklerini anlamak mümkün olmayacaktır. Çalışmamızda Hucurât Sûresi 9-10. âyetlere yönelik olarak yapılan tefsirler, bahsedilen bu bakış açısıyla incelenecektir. Bunun için öncelikle Hucurât suresi hakkında genel bir bilgi verilmiş; ardından bu âyetler hakkında aktarılan sebeb-i nüzûl rivayetlerine eleştirel bir gözle yaklaşılarak nüzûl ortamı ile örtüşen en uygun sebeb-i nüzûl tespit edilmiştir. Sonrasında Mukâtil (ö. 150/767), Huvvârî (ö. 280/893), Tüsteri (ö. 283/896), Kummî (ö. 329/941), Mâtûridî (ö. 333/945), Kuşeyrî (ö. 465/1073), Cüşemî (ö. 494/1101), Zemahşerî (ö. 538/1144) Elmalılı (ö. 1942), Seyyid Kutub (ö. 1385/1965) ve Derveze (1984) gibi farklı zaman dilimlerinde yaşayan, ayrı ekol ve kültüre mensup müfessirlerin bu âyetler hakkında yaptıkları yorumlar belli bir tasnif çerçevesinde ele alınmıştır. Bu tasnifte a) nüzûl ortamı ve sebeb-i nüzûl bilgisini dikkate alarak yorum yapanlar b) nüzûl ortamı ve sebeb-i nüzûl bilgisini göz ardı ederek yorum yapanlar c) nüzûl ortamı ve sebeb-i nüzûl bilgisini göz ardı edip âyetleri bağlamından kopararak/tarih yanılgısına-anakronizm hatasına düşerek yorum yapanlar d) nüzûl ortamı ve sebeb-i nüzûl bilgisi üzerinde durmayıp âyetlerin o gün ne demek istediği üzerinde yoğunlaşarak genel yorum yapan bazı müfessirler şeklinde dört başlığa yer verilmiştir.
Kur’ân-ı Kerîm’de Zâid Harf-i Cerler - İbn Cüzey’in “et-Teshîl li 'ulûmi’t-tenzil” İsimli Tefsiri Özelinde-
Authors: ÖZAKTAN Fatih
Published: October 2023

Müfessirler, Kur’ân-ı Kerîm’de geçen bazı harflerin ifade ettiği anlamlarda ihtilafa düşmüşlerdir. Bir kıs-mı, söz konusu harflerin cümlenin temel anlamına ek bir anlam katmadığını veya kendi aslî anlamı dı-şında kullanıldığını iddia ederek bu harfleri zâid görmüş, bir kısmı da Kur’ân’ın ve Arap dilinin incelikle-rini araştırarak bu harflerin cümledeki anlamını tespit etmeye çalışmış ve zâid olmadığını savunmuştur. Kur’ân’da zâid harfin varlığı tartışmaları, Kur’ân’ın hatasız ve mükemmel bir kitap olduğu inancına sahip olan Müslümanları şüpheye düşürmekte, Kur’ân’ın en büyük mucizesi olan i‘câz özelliğine halel getirmek-te diğer taraftan müsteşriklerin Kur’ân’a haksız ithamda bulunmalarına zemin hazırlamaktadır. Bundan dolayı bu konuyla ilgili zihinlerdeki şüpheleri gidermek ve akla gelen sorulara cevap vermek büyük önem arz etmektedir. Öte yandan bu çalışmanın temel amacı; İbn Cüzey’in et-Teshîl li-‘ulûmi’t-tenzîl isimli eseri özelinde onun zâid harf ile kastettiği anlamı, Kur’ân’da zâid harfin varlığını kabul edip etmediğini, edi-yorsa zâid gördüğü harfleri ve bunlara hangi anlamlar yüklediğini tespit etmektir. Bu gaye doğrultusunda bu çalışmada İbn Cüzey tefsirinde zâid harf-i cer olduğuna dair tartışma ve değerlendirme bulunan tüm âyetlere yer verilmiştir. Ayrıca İbn Cüzey özelinde müfessirlerin kullanmış oldukları zâid harf terkibi ile; kendi anlamı dışında kullanılan veya cümlenin temel anlamına ek anlam katmayan harfleri kastettiklerine dair tezin doğru olup olmadığı araştırılmıştır. İlaveten Ferrâ, Ahfeş ve Nehhâs’ın Meâni’l-Kur’ân, İbn Ku-teybe’nin Te’vîlu müşkili’l-Kur’ân, Zemahşerî’nin el-Keşşâf an hakâikı gavâmizi’t-tenzîl ve uyûni’l-ekâvîl fî vücûhi’t-te’vîl, Râzî’nin Mefâtîhü’l-gayb isimli eserlerine müracaat edilmiş, söz konusu müfessirlerin âyetlerde zâid gördüğü harfler ve zâid lafız yerine kullandığı ıstılahlar tespit edilmiş ve de müfessirlerin görüşleri mukâyese edilmiştir. İbn Cüzey, et-Teshîl isimli tefsirinde toplamda on dokuz yerde geçen bâ, min, lâm ve kâf harf-i cerlerinin zâid olup olmadığına dair değerlendirmelere yer vermiş, diğer on altı harf-i cerle ilgili tartışmalara değinmemiştir. İbn Cüzey’e göre harf-i cerlerden üçü (bâ, min, lâm) Kur’ân’da zâid olarak biri de (kâf) tekit için zâid olarak gelmiştir. İbn Cüzey, zâid harfleri ifade etmek için sadece zâid kelimesini kullanmış, sıla, mezîd, lağv kelimelerini kullanmamıştır. O, bu tabirle, harf-i cerin kendi aslî anlamı dışında kullanılmasını değil cümlenin temel anlamına ek bir anlam katmayan harfi kastetmektedir.
Farmed Cricket (Acheta domesticus, Gryllus assimilis, and Gryllodes sigillatus; Orthoptera) Welfare Considerations: Recommendations for Improving Global Practice
Authors: Rowe Elizabeth , López Karen Y. Robles , Robinson Kristin M. , Baudier Kaitlin M , Barrett Meghan
Published: October 2023

Orthoptera (crickets and grasshoppers) is currently the most reared group of hemimetabolous insects in the insects as food and feed industry, with over 370 billion individuals slaughtered and/or sold live annually. The most-farmed cricket species is Acheta domesticus, however there is growing interest in farming at least two additional species, Gryllus assimilis and Gryllodes sigillatus. Crickets are largely being explored for use as human protein, and exotic animal or pet feed - as well as, to a lesser extent, livestock and fish feed. Insect welfare is of great interest to consumers who are considering incorporating insect protein into their diets, as well as to many producers. However, no studies have considered the welfare concerns of farmed crickets under current industry conditions. Using an established model for assessing farmed insect welfare, we assess potential welfare concerns for the three most-farmed cricket species, including: interspecific interactions (including parasites and pathogens), abiotic conditions, nutrition and hydration, environmental pollutants, injury and crowding, density, handling-associated stress, genetics and selection, enrichments, transport-related challenges, and stunning, anesthesia, and slaughter methods. From our assessment of these factors, we make recommendations for improving cricket welfare now and as the industry continues to grow; in addition, we identify research directions that will improve our understanding of cricket welfare. We conclude by broadly discussing the importance of addressing the welfare challenges presented by the insects as food and feed industry.
Age-Related Changes in How 5- to 8-Year-Old Children Use and Execute Finger-Based Strategies in Arithmetic
Authors: Ollivier Fanny , Lemaire Patrick
Published: October 2023

To determine how young children use and execute finger-based strategies, five- to eight-year-olds were asked to solve simple addition problems under a choice condition (i.e., they could choose finger-based or non-finger strategies on each problem), and under two no-choice conditions (one in which they had to use finger-based strategies on all problems and one in which they could not use finger-based strategies). Results showed that children (a) used both finger-based and non-finger strategies to solve simple addition problems in all age groups, (b) used fingers less and less often as they grew older, especially while solving smaller problems, (c) calibrated their use of finger-based strategies to both problem features and strategy performance, and (d) improved efficiency of both finger-based and non-finger strategy execution. Moreover, (e) strategy performance was the best predictor of strategy selection in all age groups, and (f) when they had the possibility to use fingers, children of all age groups obtained better performance relative to when they could not use fingers, especially on larger problems.
Stress Affects Navigation Strategies in Immersive Virtual Reality
Authors: Varshney Apurv , Munns Mitchell , Kasowski Justin , zhou mantong , He Chuanxiuyue , Grafton Scott , Giesbrecht Barry , Hegarty Mary , Beyeler Michael
Published: October 2023

There are known individual differences in both the ability to learn the layout of novel environments and the flexibility of strategies for navigating known environments. However, it is unclear how navigational abilities are impacted by high-stress scenarios. Here we used immersive virtual reality (VR) to develop a novel behavioral paradigm to examine navigation under dynamically changing situations. We recruited 48 participants (24 female; ages 17-32) to navigate a virtual maze (7.5m x 7.5m). Participants learned the maze by moving along a fixed path past the maze’s landmarks (paintings). Subsequently, participants experienced either a non-stress condition, or a high-stress condition tasking them with navigating the maze. In the high-stress condition, their initial path was blocked, the environment was darkened, threatening music was played, fog obstructed more distal views of the environment, and participants were given a time limit of 20 seconds with a countdown timer displayed at the top of their screen. On trials where the path was blocked, we found self-reported stress levels and distance traveled increased while trial completion rate decreased (as compared to non-stressed control trials). On unblocked stress trials, participants were less likely to take a shortcut and consequently navigated less efficiently compared to control trials. Participants with more trait spatial anxiety reported more stress and navigated less efficiently. Overall, our results suggest that navigational abilities change considerably under high-stress conditions.
Diastolic Function Assessment by Echocardiography at Dhulilkhel Hospital
Authors: Humagain Sanjaya , Koju Rajendra Prasad
Published: October 2023

IntroductionDiastolic dysfunction (DD) is understood as impaired Left ventricular relaxation. Echocardiography is the key in diagnosis. In 2016 recommendation by American Society of Echocardiography(ASE) and the European Association of Cardiovascular Imaging (EACVI) was updated. In our country we do not have a general consensus. Diastolic dysfunction is reported on the basis of E/A ratio of mitral flow, that has the chance of missing a lot of patients with pseudo-normalization. This study carried out to look at importance of evaluation of other parameters to diagnose a patient with diastolic dysfunction.Methods: It is a retrospective cross-sectional descriptive study. Echocardiography report from the year 2018 and 2019 was collected from database and the patients with diagnosis of Diastolic dysfunction were selected. Patient profile and the echocardiographic parameter were recorded. Echocardiography was reported according to 2016 ASE and EACVI update.Results: Total of 1982 patients selected for analysis. E/A < 0.8 was seen in 702(35.4%) patients, E/A 0.8- 2.0 was seen in 1136 (57.3%) patients and E/A > 2.0 was found in 144(7.3%) patients. The most common finding being E/e’ 1470 (74.2%) of patients followed by TR velocity > 2.8m/s 1422 (71.7%), Septal e’ velocity < 7 cm/s or Lateral e’ velocity <10 cm/s 1334 (67.3%) and LA area >20 cm2 1286 (64.8%) respectively.Conclusions: Diastolic dysfunction should be evaluated using all the parameters recommended by 2016 ASE andEACVI guideline update. Measurement of only E/A ratio has a chance of missing large number of patient with DD.