bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Diversidade florística de plantas vasculares no município de Januária, Minas Gerais, Brasil
Authors: Lombardi Júlio A. , Salino Alexandre , Temoni Lívia G.
Published: December 2022

The vegetation in north Minas Gerais State is poorly known, and for some authors it is the southern limit of natural occurrence for ‘carrasco’ and ‘caatinga’ species. Floristic sampling was made in different areas of Januária municipality, Minas Gerais, including physiognomies of ‘carrasco’ (tree-shrub ‘caatinga’), deciduous forest, ‘cerrado’, floodable field and riparian vegetation (‘vereda’), besides calcicolous vegetation. Six-hundred-eight species in 114 families were found, the five most diverse families were Fabaceae (87 species), Asteraceae (35 species), Euphorbiaceae (28 species), Bignoniaceae (25 species), and Malpighiaceae (21 species). The sampled vegetation included a diversity of vegetation forms. The most diverse areas were the ‘carrasco’ and the deciduous forest (274 species), secondary vegetation along roads and trails, and pastures (160 species), ‘cerrado’ (105 species), ‘vereda’ (98 species), and calcicolous vegetation and riparian vegetation (78 species each). Compared to other floristic surveys performed in northeastern Brazil, even considering only the woody component (tree and shrubs with 323 species), these results highlight the floristic and physiognomic diversity of the studied area.
Macroperipatus machadoi sp. n. (Onychophora: Peripatidae) da Floresta Atlântica de Minas Gerais, Brasil.
Authors: Oliveira Ivo de S. , Wieloch Alfredo H.
Published: December 2022

A new species of Onychophora is described from an Atlantic Forest reserve in the municipality of Caratinga – Minas Gerais state, Brazil. The greater number of legs and the smaller number of antennal rings distinguish this new species from M. acacioi and M. ohausi, which occur near the type locality. The primary and accessory papillae arrangements are similar to those of M. valerioi from Costa Rica.
The orchid-bee fauna (Hymenoptera: Apidae) of Acre state (northwestern Brazil) and a re-evaluation of euglossine bait-trapping.
Authors: Nemésio André , Morato Elder F.
Published: December 2022

Male orchid bees were sampled with chemical baits from May 1996 to March 1998 in two forested areas in the state of Acre, Brazilian Amazonia. The two most used sampling methods in euglossine studies were used simultaneously: insect nets and bait traps. We collected 1,744 euglossine specimens belonging to at least 33 species. Of these, 1,221 were collected with insect nets and 523 in bait traps. Eulaema cingulata (Fabricius) and Eulaema meriana (Olivier) were the commonest species in both the Parque Zoobotânico and the Catuaba Reserve, followed by Euglossa amazonica Dressler, Euglossa ignita Smith, and Euglossa mixta Friese. Due to a combination of ‘dominant species’ and the specific composition of the orchid-bee fauna of the studied areas, the Acrean orchid-bee fauna has shown to be quite different from other areas sampled in Amazonia. As the sampling effort with bait traps was twice as higher as that with insect nets, the efficiency of the insect net method was 4.7 times greater, in average, than that with bait traps. Thirty-two of the 33 species were collected with insect nets, whereas only 24 species were collected with bait traps. The resulting community of orchid bees was also different. The large bees of the genus Eulaema Lepeletier were much more abundant in bait-trap (74% - 79%) than in insect net samples (37% - 39%). The considerable differences in efficiency between insect nets and bait trap collections suggest that the sole use of bait traps should be avoided in orchid bee studies or restricted to situations in which the use of insect nets is impossible.
Leptagrion afonsoi sp.n. from the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil (Odonata: Coenagrionidae)
Authors: Machado Angelo B. M.
Published: December 2022

Leptagrion afonsoi sp.n. is described and illustrated from a single male (holotype; Caraça, Belo Horizonte, Santa Bárbara). It is close to L. dispar Selys, 1876 and L. elongatum Selys but differ from them by having bifid cercus.
Why dark plumage of the European Blackbirds Turdus merula?
Authors: Tomiałojć Ludwik , Bursell Jens
Published: December 2022

Why does the European Blackbird’s dark coloration match the ground color of the less widespread of its breeding habitats, the riparian forest, although its main European population occurs in the pale-litter woodland? It is argued that crypsis of all the age stages was more necessary in riparian stands, as this habitat is more risky for the species owing to a high ground vegetation surrounding a foraging bird. Poorer crypsis of Blackbird plumage in pale-litter habitats may be a neutral feature, being compensated by easier scanning of the surroundings over the lower and sparcer herb vegetation and by a tendency to remain in dark sites. The black plumage of the Blackbird male, perhaps reinforced by sexual selection in pristine forest conditions may also retain its cryptic function..
Duas espécies de cisnes (Aves: Anatidae) de cativeiro como novos hospedeiros para Brephosceles discidicus Peterson, 1971 (Acaridida: Pterolichidae)
Authors: Valim Michel P. , Teixeira Rodrigo H. F. , Gazeta Gilberto S. , Serra-Freire Nicolau M.
Published: December 2022

Two new host species of the genus Cygnus (Anseriformes: Anatidae) are assigned for Brephosceles discidicus, one of them native and the other exotic in Brazil. Aspects of the hostparasite relationship and geographic distributions are briefly discussed.
Caracterização e distribuição espacial de galhas em Clusia nemorosa G. Mey (Clusiaceae) em uma área de Floresta Atlântica, Igarassu, PE
Authors: Santos-Mendonça Isabela V. dos , Lucena Maria de Fátima de A. , Vasconcelos Sandra Freitas de , Almeida-Cortez Jarcilene S.
Published: December 2022

The objective of this study was to characterize the galls of Clusia nemorosa G. Mey (Clusiaceae). We selected 30 young plants in trails of Refugio Charles Darwin, an Atlantic forest fragment in Pernambuco, Brazil. The height of each plant was measured and the number of leaves, leaves with galls, and galls per leaf were counted. Leaves with galls were collected from ten specimens and brought to laboratory to be described and to have the inductor observed. We observed galls in only ten individuals of the thirty initially selected. The number of galls per plant varied from 3 to 336. Out of 1,399 leaves inspected, 541 galls were counted in 137 leaves. The galls were deep green, elliptical, crossing the abaxial and adaxial leaf surfaces, preferentially located at the center of the leaf (H=23,48; p<0.01; n=137), but with 49% at the leaf margin. The galls had 5.5 mm and 4.7 mm bearing one larval chamber with one larvae, and were induced by an unidentified species of Hymenoptera.
Eufriesea atlantica sp. n. (Hymenoptera: Apidae), a new orchid bee from the Brazilian Atlantic Forest
Authors: Nemésio André
Published: December 2022

Specimens recently recorded as belonging to a species widely distributed in the Neotropical Region, Eufriesea ornata (Mocsáry, 1896) (Hymenoptera: Apidae), in the Brazilian Atlantic Rain Forest, have been shown to belong to a distinct species, Eufriesea atlantica sp. n., described in the present study.
Gerromorpha y Nepomorpha (Insecta: Heteroptera) del Parque Provincial Salto Encantado del Valle del Cuñá Pirú, Provincia de Misiones, Argentina
Authors: Mazzucconi Silvia A. , Ruf Mónica López , Bachmann Axel O.
Published: December 2022

A preliminary list of the species of semiaquatic and aquatic Heteroptera occurring in the Parque Provincial Salto Encantado del Valle del Cuñá Pirú is presented. Thirty species included in 13 genera and five families of Gerromorpha and 26 species belonging to 15 genera and six families of Nepomorpha were recorded; only 16 species had been previously cited from the park. Ten species and one genus are reported from Argentina for the first time: Microvelia argentata Nieser & Alkins-Koo, Microvelia braziliensis McKinstry, Microvelia limaiana Drake, Rhagovelia janeira Drake, Rhagovelia lucida Gould, Rhagovelia paulana Drake (Veliidae), the genus Cylindrostethus, with C. palmaris Drake & Harris (Gerridae), Curicta carinata Kuitert (Nepidae), Neotrephes lanemeloi Nieser & Chen, and Neotrephes usingeri China (Helotrephidae). Twenty-four species (18 of Gerromorpha and six of Nepomorpha) and five genera (Hebrus, Paravelia, Platyvelia, Cylindrostethus and Curicta) are reported from Misiones Province for the first time. The most diverse families included Veliidae (16 species), Gerridae (9), Naucoridae (7), Notonectidae (6) and Corixidae (5). The diversity of species inhabiting in the Parque Provincial Salto Encantado del Valle del Cuñá Pirú accounts for 83% of Gerromorpha and 39% of Nepomorpha recorded from the Misiones Province. These results emphasize the value of this protected area for the conservation of biodiversity of semiaquatic and aquatic Heteroptera occurring in the province.
Factores asociados a la Procrastinación Académica en estudiantes Universitarios. Revisión sistemática
Authors: Redondo Mendoza Ciro Ernesto
Published: December 2022

Introducción. La procrastinación en cualquiera de sus formas es un problema que conlleva a perder enormes cantidades de tiempo y dinero para las personas y grupos involucrados en la realización de actividades. Es así como el presente estudio busca establecer tendencias de investigación alrededor de los factores asociados a la procrastinación en estudiantes universitarios. Método. Parte de un enfoque cualitativo, con un alcance exploratorio, el cual fue realizado con un diseño descriptivo observacional no-experimental y la técnica de Análisis de Contenido. A partir de la pregunta de investigación, se realizó una búsqueda sistemática en bases de datos EBSCO, Dialnet Plus, Google Académico, PubMed, ProQuest y Scopus. Resultados. Luego del análisis de cada uno de los (47) artículos seleccionados, en donde se dio a la búsqueda de aquellos factores que tenía mayor incidencia en la procrastinación, se identificaron tres principales categorías a saber: Factor personal, factor social y factor académico. Conclusión. La procrastinación es multifactorial, esta conducta puede ser provocada por diversos factores. No puede ser vista sólo como un factor personal y poner al estudiante como único responsable de ello, aunque en esta investigación se da a conocer que el factor personal es el que más incide en la procrastinación, se debe tener en cuenta que es se suma vitalidad tener a la vista que hay factores externos que influyen en este fenómeno.
Nivel de aceptación de la modalidad de e-commerce durante pandemia
Authors: Howell Reyes Richard David , Howell Reyes Neal Anthony , Barrientos Abbi
Published: December 2022

Propósito – La investigación se realizó con la finalidad de conocer cómo los consumidores percibieron la expansión que tuvo el e-commerce, influenciado por la pandemia mundial del Covid-19.Diseño/Metodología – Se diseñó y aplicó un instrumento de recolección de datos para conocer el comportamiento de los encuestados y así tener una referencia de la situación por medio de este grupo. La recopilación de la información fue llevada a cabo por medio de un cuestionario online.Limitaciones de la investigación – En esta investigación, solamente se realizaron la observación y descripción del comportamiento de las personas que participaron, lo que significa que se utilizó una investigación descriptiva, ya que no interviene o trata de modificar las opiniones y criterios compartidos por las personas, aplicando una metodología cuantitativa para el análisis. También esta se hizo solo en un área geográfica en Tegucigalpa, Honduras. Resultados - La investigación a grandes rasgos muestra que los consumidores en la ciudad de Tegucigalpa hicieron uso del e-commerce de manera relevante; la forma más frecuente en que realizaron sus compras durante 2020 fue online (56.5%), estando conformado por un 30.7% perteneciente a las compras mediante redes sociales y páginas de los negocios, y un 25.8%. Con lo anteriormente mencionado, la investigación demuestra que debido a la pandemia, el e-commerce tuvo un impulso grande y devela que sí es posible para las empresas adaptar sus formas de venta a los medios en línea, con el fin de modernizar los negocios y ofrecer diversidad en sus productos o servicios.
COMPARISON OF PERINATAL RISK FACTORS IN NEONATES OF DIFFERENT GESTATIONAL AGE ADMITTED WITH RESPIRATORY MORBIDITY.
Authors: Surana Amita , Modi Nidhi , Gover Mital , Adroja Bahvy
Published: December 2022

Background: Respiratory disorders are most common cause of neonatal admissions in both term and preterm. Factors
associated with neonatal respiratory morbidity (RM) are poorly described. To compare Objective: the frequency and risk
factors for respiratory morbidity at different gestational age Hospital based cros Methods: s sectional study over 15 months. Neonates with onset
of respiratory distress within 72 hours of birth enrolled and divided into early preterm, late preterm and full term groups. Comparison was done to
nd the association of RM with neonatal, maternal and pregnancy related factors among three groups. Chi- square/ Annova/ Fisher's exact test
was applied for Statistical signifance. 150 neonates were analysed. The fre Results: quency of respiratory morbidity was 35%, 29% and 25% for
group I, II & III respectively. Statistically signicant neonatal factors were lower gestational age (p < 0.001), lower birth weight (p < 0.001), SGA
especially late preterm & term SGA (p<0.001), male gender (p=0.043) especially term male (0.019) and late preterm/ term with low APGAR
score (0.0033). Statistically signicant maternal factors were young maternal age (< 20 year) in late preterm neonates (p 0.00028) and maternal
gestational diabetes in term group (p 0.012). Pregnancy related factor analysis showed PIH (p =0.01), Placenta previa (p =0.02), Cord Prolapse (p
=0.02), PROM > 24 hour (p =0.03), MSL (p <0.001) and LSCS delivery (p = 0.01) as signicant risk factors for RM. Early and late Conclusion:
gestation RM differs in term of potential perinatal factors. The gestational age and birth weight had inverse relationship with occurrence of RM.
Risk factors such as PROM, placenta previa with early gestation; SGA,PIH, LSCS and young maternal age with late preterm while male gender,
gestational DM, MSL and cord prolapse were signicantly associated with term gestation RM.
Completing Gravity, Complexifying Mass, and the Polarization of Space
Authors: eng genghmun
Published: December 2022

Since Newton's Law for Gravitational Fields (G) applies to static reference frames, and is NOT Lorentz invariant like Maxwell's Equations, we correct it by adding in a Motional Field (S) so F=m/o\ [G + v x S].  Then we unify Gravitation and Electromagnetism by using an Expanded Newton's Law for Gravitation using Complex Masses, where the complex part is charge associated with the mass.
Blood pressure estimation from photoplethysmography by considering intra- and inter-subject variabilities: guidelines for a fair assessment
Authors: Bulhões da Silva Costa Thiago , Dias Felipe Meneguitti , Cardenas Diego Armando Cardona , Toledo Marcelo Arruda Fiuza de , Lima Daniel Mário de , Krieger José Eduardo , Antonio Gutierrez Marco
Published: December 2022

Cardiovascular diseases are the leading causes of death in humans, and blood pressure (BP) monitoring is an important procedure to prevent, diagnose, assess, and treat these diseases, thereby avoiding more severe conditions. The most reliable and common techniques of measuring BP use sphygmomanometers, but they are more suited to single measurements than continuous ones. A more promising approach is the use of photoplethysmography (PPG), a low-cost, opto-electronic technique that, in the form of wearable devices, allows the acquisition of a modulated light signal highly correlated to BP. In this context, many works have reported methods to estimate BP from PPG, achieving impressive results. In order to prevent overestimation of these results, we investigate---by considering two different data arrangements---how intra- and inter-subject variabilities in BP can affect the results of machine learning algorithms. We also compare the outcomes of these algorithms with the outcome of a regression using age, sex, weight and subject index number as attributes. Our general conclusion is that those algorithms might actually be learning to identify persons instead of predicting BP, showing that the split of data is a very important step.
Deep Learning Framework for Modeling Cognitive Load from Small and Noisy EEG data
Authors: Havugimana Felix , Moinuddin Kazi Ashraf , Yeasin Mohammed
Published: December 2022

Modern systems (e.g., assistive technology and self-driving) can place significant demands on the user’s working memory (WM), which can adversely impact performance (i.e., elevated risk of errors) and increase the cognitive load (CL). Robust prediction of CL from EEG remains a challenge due to the small sample problem, noisy recordings, ineffective data representation, and lack of robust models. This paper presents a holistic approach to developing a reliable prediction of CL. We used EEG data recorded following a modified Stenberg WM task in which four levels of CL were defined based on the encoding of 2, 4, 6, and 8 English characters. First, we address the problem of noise and “small sample” by generating large low noise data using eigenspace-based bootstrap sampling and generative adversarial network (GAN). Second, we transform EEG recordings into spatial-spectral images to capture spatial information. Third, we built parameter-optimized CNN models to predict four levels of CL using single-frequency bands (i.e., θ, α, β) and stacked (i.e., all three bands) representations. In our quest to provide interpretable models, we applied Gradientweighted Class Activation Mapping (Grad-CAM) to our models to localize the brain regions responsible for the prediction of CL. Empirical analysis of models trained using θ, α, β, and stacked representation show accuracy of 90%, 89%, 91%, and 94%, respectively. Grad-CAM visualizations showed that the prefrontal, cerebellum, frontal, and parietal areas have the highest contribution to the prediction of CL.
Open Mind Neuromodulation Interface for the CorTec Brain Interchange (OMNI-BIC): an investigational distributed research platform for next-generation clinical neuromodulation research
Authors: Cho Hanbin , G. Ojemann Jeffrey , Herron Jeffrey
Published: December 2022

The rise of adaptive stimulation approaches has shown great therapeutic promise in the growing field of neuromodulation. The discovery and growth of these novel adaptive stimulation paradigms has been largely concentrated around several implantable devices with research application programming interfaces (APIs) that allow for custom applications to be created for clinical neuromodulation studies. However, the sunsetting of devices and ongoing development of new platforms is leading to an increased fragmentation in the research environment- resulting in the reinvention of system features and the inability to leverage previous development efforts for future studies. The Open Mind Neuromodulation Interface (OMNI) is a previously proposed solution to address the weaknesses of the DLL-driven API approach of past neuromodulation research by utilizing an alternative gRPC-enabled microservice framework. Here, we introduce OMNI-BIC, an implementation of the OMNI framework to the CorTec Brain Interchange system. This paper describes the design and implementation of the OMNI-BIC software tools and demonstrates the framework’s capabilities for implementing customized neuromodulation therapies for clinical investigations. Through the development and deployment of the OMNI-BIC system, we hope to improve future clinical studies with the Brain Interchange system and aid in continuing the growth and momentum of the exciting field of adaptive neuromodulation. 
Modified predictions of basic Gaussian process regression
Authors: Dinda Bikash Ranjan
Published: December 2022

This paper modify the basic Gaussian process regression predictions to get the correct order of magnitude of standard deviation and covariance at some target points different from the data points.
PENGEMBANGAN MODEL PBL DALAM UPAYA MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN BERPIKIR KRITIS SISWA SMA
Authors: Wardana Ali , Ardani Anwar
Published: December 2022

The purpose of this study was to test learning tools with valid PBL models, learning with practical PBL models, and developing tools with PBL mood models to improve students' critical thinking skills with PBL models. This research is an R&D research. The instrument used is a test to measure critical thinking skills. The learning device is valid based on the average expert validation score in the good category, practical from the practicality score of student responses, and effective as seen by the increase in the paired sample t test. The results of this study are learning tools with a valid PBL model, learning with practical PBL models, and the development of tools with PBL mood models improve students' critical thinking skills with the PBL model.
Efektivitas Pelatihan Berpikir Positif Untuk Meningkatkan Kepercayaan Diri Pada Siswa Tunarungu SLB Negeri Saronggi
Authors: Azizah Lilik Fadlilatin , Fatayati Nur Ummi
Published: December 2022

Keterbatasan kecakapan berbahasa mengakibatkan adanya kesulitan berkomunikasi bagi siswa-siswa tunarungu ini yang kemudian berimbas pada perasaan kurang percaya diri. Selain adanya kesulitan berkomunikasi, keterbatasan berbahasa, sikap masyarakat, dan kegagalannya dalam banyak hal menyebabkan emosi anak turarungu tidak stabil. Umumnya mereka selalu ragu-ragu dan segala perilakunya senantiasa disertai perasaan cemas. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan penelitian dengan pendekatan kuantitatif eksperimen dengan metode one group pre test – post test. Sembilan siswa tunarungu SMPLB Negeri Saronggi berusia antara 15-18 tahun yang memiliki kepercayaan diri yang  rendah yang sebelumnya diberikan pre-test dengan skala kepercyaaan diri, para siswa ini yang kemudian menjadi subyek penelitian. Kepada mereka diberikan intervensi berupa pelatihan berpikir positif untuk meningkatkan rasa percaya diri mereka. Setelah diberikan pelatihan untuk meningkatkan kepercayaan diri, maka diberikan skala kepercayaan diri sebagai sebagai instrument post-test. Setelah dilakukan intervensi yang berupa pelatihan dan telah dilakukan pre-test dan post-test maka dilakukan analisis data dengan menggunakan uji T. Uji T dilakukan untuk melihat efektif tidaknya intervensi yang diberikan pada subjek penelitian. Hasil uji T menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan antara skor kepercayaan diri sebelum dilaksanakan pelatihan dan sesudah dilaksanakan pelatihan. Hal ini ditunjukkan dari harga t = -1,904 pada p= 0,000 (p<0,01), dan hasil tersebut juga menggambarkan adanya peningkatan skor mean kemandirian setelah pelatihan yaitu sebesar  31,5556 dari skor mean sebelum pelatihan 26,4444. Dengan demikian dapat dipastikan bahwa pemberian pelatihan berfikir positif pada siswa tunarungu efektif dalam meningkatkan kepercayan diri.

 

Kata kunci: Siswa Tunarungu, Kepercayaan Diri, Pelatihan Berfikir Positif.
MEMBANGUN SELF LOVE PADA REMAJA PENGGUNA INSTAGRAM DITINJAU DARI PERSPEKTIF DRAMATURGI (STUDI FENOMENOLOGI REMAJA PENGGUNA INSTAGRAM DI DESA NGEBRAK)
Authors: Septiana Nila Zaimatus , Darina Jesi
Published: December 2022

Penelitian ini berjudul membangun self love pada remaja pengguna Instagram di tinjau dari perspektif dramaturgi, penelitian in dikhususkan kepada remaja pengguna Instagram. Jenis Penelitian ini merupakan kualitatif deskriptif. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengguna Instagram yang aktif di Desa Ngebrak dalam membangun self love mereka melalui medsos Instagram dan bagaimana teori dramaturgi dapat di aplikasikan untuk menjelaskan pola interaksi mereka melalui medsos Instagram.  Teknik yang digunakan oleh peneliti dalam memilih informan yakni teknik purposive sampling. Subjek dari penelitian ini adalah remaja wanita usia 18-22 tahun yang aktif sebagai pengguna Instagram di Desa Ngebrak. Teknik mengumpulkan data dalam penelitian ini adalah observasi, pemeliharaan dan dokumentasi. penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif. Argumen ini dirumuskan berkat analisis menggunakan teori dramaturgi sebagai kerangka refleksi utama. Hasil analisis penelitian telah menemukan bahwa dalam proses membangun self love melalui media sosial Instagram, Remaja mampu memanfaatkan Instagram dengan bijak sehingga memberikan efek positif bagi dirinya. Faktor yang mempengaruhinya adalah diri sendiri dan orang lain dengan memberikan tanda suka (like), komentar positif dan komentar negatif pada foto di Instagram cinta diri adalah konsep yang sangat penting dalam kehidupan semua orang yang hidup yang memberi kita kekuatan dan keberanian untuk melewati masa-masa sulit tanpa harus menjatuhkan dan memandang rendah oranglain. Konsep membangun self love adalah dengan menampilkan apa adanya diri individu di Instagram sebagai cerminan di real life, menumbuhkan self love akan menciptakan kebahagiaan di masa depan, menjadi orang yang lebih percaya diri, tidak dibandingkan dengan orang lain dan tentu saja, mentalitas juga akan menguat. Banyaknya cara yang dapat di lakukan untuk menunjukkan bahwa kita mencintai diri kita sendiri dengan bijak dalam menanggapi Instagram . Tanpa ragu kami mulai menerapkan self love melalui media sosial Instagram, dan yang lain akan termotivasi untuk mengembangkannya.

Kata kunci : self love, remaja, Instagram,  perspektif dramaturgi
Corporate Governance and High Performance Work System
Authors:   The Korean Association Of Personnel Administration, Jeon Hyangsuk , Lee Kyungmook
Published: December 2022

This article examined the effects of corporate governance on the utilization of high performance work system (HPWS) and the magnitude of changes in HPWS practices over time. Based on extant research on HWPS and corporate governance, we derived three hypotheses. First, family firms are likely to utilize more HPWS practices than firms governed by professional managers are. Second, family firms are likely to utilize fewer HPWS practices than firms governed by professional managers. Third, firms governed by professional managers are more likely to change their HPWS practices than family firms. To test the hypotheses, we analyzed panel data composed of 317 firms, which were provided by Korea Research Institute for Vocational Education and Training. Panel regression results showed that the second and the third hypotheses were supported. Implications and directions for future research were discussed.
Gender Differences in Workaholism as a Behavioral Addiction: Gender Group Analysis on the Path Model of Workaholism
Authors:   The Korean Association Of Personnel Administration, Cha Oona
Published: December 2022

This study examined potential gender group differences regarding work addiction, especially conceptualizing workaholism as a behavioral addiction. Focusing on the two components of behavioral addiction, i.e., salience and withdrawal, the study used a model to examine whether two components of work addiction could predict job satisfaction and organizational commitment through personal relationship impairment and examined potential gender differences regarding work addiction. Using the multi-group analysis of the structural equation modeling, the analyses on gender differences were implemented in two directions: First, gender group differences in the scores of the two components of workaholism were examined using latent mean analysis; second, gender differences in the paths of the mediation model were examined using the test of the structural model invariance across the groups. The results were as follows: First, there was a significant gender group difference in salience, but not in withdrawal; salience was higher for men than women but the effect was relatively small. Second, a significant gender difference was found in the path between withdrawal and personal relationship impairment. Specifically, withdrawal significantly increased personal relationship impairment in both men and women; however, the relationship was significantly stronger for women. Future directions for research on gender in work addiction are discussed, along with the implications and limitations of the study.
Linking Leader’s Other-Oriented Perfectionism, Close Monitoring Behavior, and Employee Emotional Exhaustion: A Leader-Centric Approach
Authors:   The Korean Association Of Personnel Administration, Kim Myungsun
Published: December 2022

Although the influence of perfectionist leaders has been acknowledged by practitioners, only few studies have explored the possible consequences of leaders with perfectionism. Recognizing the importance of leader perfectionism as a potential predictor of leadership behaviors as well as employees’ attitudes and behaviors, the current study explores the interpersonal consequences of leader perfectionism in the context of leadership. Drawing upon the trait approach to leadership and conservation of resources theory, this study examines the effects of leaders’ other-oriented perfectionism on their close monitoring behavior, and in turn employees’ emotional exhaustion. Moreover, this study tests the moderating role of leaders’ trust in followers on the relationship between leaders’ other oriented perfectionism and close monitoring behavior. Using multi-sourced data from 158 supervisor-employee dyads in South Korea, this study found that leaders with other-oriented perfectionism are likely to engage in close monitoring behaviors toward employees, thereby leading to employee emotional exhaustion. Unlike the prediction, however, the results do not support the moderating effect of leaders’ trust in followers in the hypothesized model. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed.
Czy etologia może pomóc w badaniach nad historią starożytną? Rozważania na przykładzie wilka w ujęciu starożytnych autorów
Authors: Kostuch Lucyna
Published: December 2022

Can ethology help in research on ancient history? Discussion based on the image
of wolf in ancient texts on nature

A group of historians gathered around Éric Baratay from the University of Lyon in order
to appreciate the long relations between man and animals, created a new flow in research, combining history with natural sciences. The researchers pointed to the almost complete lack of reference to the abundant writings on nature in works about animals in historiography. They postulated to verify the fixed passages in historic testimonies concerning animals and their relations with man using results of etologic research. The researchers successfully combine this “history of animals” with broadly understood modern history. This bringsus to the question, if the current research on animals in their natural conditions, doneand documented by ethologists, may explain to us the ground of the false or distorted image of animal in historical sources as old as ancient, or perhaps to confirm observations from ancient times. The presented article is an attempt to answer this question, pointing topotential methodological doubts and limitations, which an ancient historian will have to facein research. For practical reasons of this study, the author will analyse Greek and Romanliterary sources containing observations on wolf living in the ancient period in Mediterraneanforests and mountains.
Przemoc antyżydowska i zatrute cukierki. Plotka elementem napięcia pogromowego na ziemiach polskich na początku XX w.
Authors: Markowski Artur
Published: December 2022

Anti-Semitic violence and poisoned candies. Rumour as part of the pogrom-related pressure in Poland in the beginning of the 1900s.

The article describes rumour as part of cultural artifact contributing to the many-faceted
pogrom-related panic spread in Galicia and the Kingdom of Poland after the 1903 Jewish
pogrom in Kishinev. We first hear about it in Galicia in 1857. However, only in the beginning
of the 20th century did it appear as a great force, mobilizing Russian and Austrian police
forces.
The author draws from the police sources and Polish and Jewish press to show relations
between rumour about the alleged distribution of poisoned candies by the Christians to Jewish children and social tensions surrounding the threat of a pogrom of Jews in the Kingdom of Poland and Galicia in the summer of 1903. The article, basing on Donald Horowitz’s theoretical concept about the symbolic reversal of the violence mechanism, shows the schematic thinking of the Jewish community which — in fear of incoming pogrom — uses paranoid thinking and accuses non-Jews of trying to harm Jewish children.
The dominant aspect here is an attempt to find how the topos of poisoning food — known already from Medieval times — transferred from the Christian culture into the Jewish community imagination in the beginning of the 20th century. Finally, the Author emphasizes the strong emotions resulting from the fear of the pogrom and its destructive function that led to violence of the potential victims. The analysis of social behaviour around the spreading gossip supports the thesis of the social origins of anti-Semitic violence.
Maruderzy armii informacyjnej. Plotki podczas kryzysu lipcowego w 1914 r. i pierwszych dni Wielkiej Wojny
Authors: Szlanta Piotr
Published: December 2022

Struggles of an information army. Rumors during the July Crisis and the first days ofWorld War One

The article deals with the phenomenon ofrumor circulation in the last days ofpeace and first days ofthe war in the summer of 1914. A different kind of rumor tried to fill the gap between the huge demand for news on the side of the uneasy public (which appeared suddenly, with the high probability that hostilities will break out between Europe’s great powers) and the limited, controlled by military censorship, influx of reliable news. In this briefperiod, almost all European societies were overcome with spy fever and a general hunt for suspected foreign agents, who, while undercover, had to try to blow up bridges, poison water and food supplies or spread infectious diseases. This atmosphere of suspicion, bordering on panic, led to numerous offences against innocent individuals and even threatened to destabilize public order. In Germany and Austro-Hungary, people spontaneously organized blockades on roads leading east and searched for French trucks with tons of gold destined for Russia. The blockades disorganized internal transportation and cost a few dozen lives, of people who happened to be travelling in suspicious cars. After a few days, the hunt for a gold transport was forbidden by the state authorities. Journalists and press editors contributed to the spread of rumors, publishing many special editions of newspapers with unchecked or even made-up facts, hoping to benefit from this rapid rise in the number of potential readers. By hastily publishing ill-considered communiques, even state organs sometimes stimulated the spread of fear and fake news among citizens. The authorities ofthe belligerents had yet to learn how to manage social moods and the dissemination of information, in conditions of the bloody and prolonged war.
Przemoc w przedhiszpańskim Peru
Authors: Więckowski Wiesław , Wołoszyn Janusz Z.
Published: December 2022

Violence in pre-Hispanic Peru

Violence as a bio-cultural phenomenon is closely linked to the history of humanity. This
phenomenon in the past is reconstructed by archaeologists as well as bioarchaeologists,
who study the material remnants of old cultures and their creators. These remnants include burials, characteristic archaeological sites of defensive nature or works of art. An analysis of archaeological finds from the Peruvian Andes — especially the finds associated with the rituals of human sacrifice or warfare — leads to the conclusion that an important
characteristic element of many pre-Columbian cultures was a specific kind of violence: ritualised violence. A cross-analysis of bioarchaeological, archaeological and iconographic
data makes it possible to provide a more complete interpretation of violent behaviours of societies in the past, societies for which there are no extant historical sources.
Pogłoska w codziennych relacjach polsko-niemieckich w XIX i początkach XX w. na Pomorzu Nadwiślańskim
Authors: Krzemiński Tomasz
Published: December 2022

Rumours in everyday Polish-German relations in the nineteenth
and early twentieth century in Pomerelia

Pomerelia, the territory of which can be regarded as the same as that of the province of West Prussia, was a region of various Polish-German influences in the nineteenth century. The coexistence of the two nations over several centuries facilitated peaceful collaboration in the economy or culture, yet confessional diversity, the emergence and rise of nationalisms or the Germanising policy of the Prussian state led to increasing conflicts between the two sides. An important and hitherto little known aspect of the functioning of the Polish-German cultural borderland in Pomerania seems to have been the role of rumour and slander as a social phenomenon hard to capture in the sources. On the basis of a dozen or so case studies from the “long nineteenth century” the author has analysed the persistence of a negative stereotype of the “stranger in the neighbourhood”. The roots of the phenomenon can be found in the aversion to a different religion, nationality and culture. Using existing cultural cliches, rumour and slander contributed to their consolidation. An especially negative role was played
by these elements of social communication typical of everyday relations at times of tension (for example, the Spring of Nations, periods of epidemiological threats, war of 1866 or the beginning of the Great War).
Monarchii życie po życiu? Judzki idiom monarchiczny w prowincji Jehud (VI–IV w. p.n.e.)
Authors: Ziemba Kacper
Published: December 2022

A monarchy’s life after life? The Judahite monarchic idiom in the province of Yehud
(sixth–fourth centuries BC)

The article is devoted to the existence of some elements of the Judahite monarchy after the fall of Judah in 586 and the eradication of this monarchy as an institution of power. In the first part the author presents a reconstruction of practices and phenomena associated with the monarchy (referred to collectively as the Judahite monarchic idiom) before 586. He then analyses the presence of its elements in the Persian province of Yehud on the basis of sources making it possible to reconstruct the events in the province in the sixth and fifth centuries (Zechariah, Aggeus, Ezra, Nehemiah). The presence of the idiom is also described in the literary traditions originating in Yehud in that period (narratives about Moses, the so-called Deuteronomistic historiography, the Chronicles). Next the author proposes — on the basis of the theory of collective memory as well as results of studies of the Yehud society — a reconstruction of transformations of the idiom in the period. Drawing on studies by Jan and Aleida Assmann, the author formulates a thesis whereby in the first stage of the Persian period the Judahite idiom
functioned in cultural memory. As a result, elements of the monarchy could appear in political practice. Then, thanks to the literary activity of the Yehudian elites, the pre-exile elements of the Judahite idiom became part of the Judahites’ cultural memory, a “figure of memory” of which were texts from the Hebrew Bible. The processes influenced literary works in later periods, when the Hasmonean dynasty and Herod used them to legitimise their rule.
The “foreigner” in Přemyslid Bohemia. Some reflections on the depiction of foreigners in medieval sources
Authors: Zelenka Jan
Published: December 2022

The “foreigner” in Přemyslid Bohemia. Some reflections on the depiction of foreigners in medieval sources

The medieval perception of the foreigner and the “other” was not an isolated phenomenon, but part of a broader image of the ideological and real worlds, in which people who did not come from a different country but represented some social, cultural and other differences could be regarded as “foreign”. This is not a surprising discovery, but a logical consequence of the structure of medieval society. Thus we can assume that the more “social bubbles” and hence imagined “boundaries” there are in society, the bigger the collection of people, phenomena etc. which in some circumstances may be regarded as “foreign”. However, this brief reflection is not aimed at refining the definition of the “foreigner” in medieval Bohemian sources or at providing further evidence of the multifaceted nature of the concept. It focuses only on the question of whether and how the issue of the “foreigners” is reflected also in other thematic areas of modern medieval studies. Using several source examples, the author seeks to demonstrate how the phenomenon of the “foreigner” can in some circumstances be used as a kind of analytical category in seemingly distant topics.
Foreign Knights in the Entourage of Duke Henry I of Jawor (1312–1346)
Authors: Zawadzki Tomasz
Published: December 2022

Foreign Knights in the Entourage of Duke Henry I of Jawor (1312–1346)

The reign of Henry of Jawor (1312–1346) coincided with a period of increased migration
to Silesia of knights from what is today eastern part of Germany — Lusatia, Meissen
and Brandenburg. The migration led to ethnic transformations — of key importance to
the history of Silesia — unfolding in, importantly, upper layers of society. The province
of Jawor was quickly settled largely by German knights. This was influenced by its
geographical location — it was the westernmost part of Silesia and bordered Lusatia, some of which came under Henry of Jawor’s rule in 1319. The changing Lusatian-Silesian border was more of a gate rather than barrier to the migrating knights. An important role was also played by the specificity of the Duchy of Jawor — to a large extent the area was colonised quite late and had relatively few indigenous knights living there. Numerous Germans could be found already in the entourages of Henry’s ancestors — Bolesław the Horned and Bolko the Strict. They made up the most numerous and the most influential group in Henry’s milieu. They were among the individuals most often accompanying Henry and the duke had no qualms about entrusting to them even very prestigious offices. The author examines the geographical origin of the foreign knights serving Henry of Jawor. He discusses their activity by the duke’s side, pointing to the length of their stay, offices they held as well as participation in the most important political events of Henry’s reign. In addition, the author examines the strangers’ wealth measured by the castles and private towns they held as well as officials they employed. He also describes their influence on the chivalric and court culture in the Duchy of Jawor.
The Castles of King Wenceslaus IV as Venues for Diplomatic Negotiations
Authors: Záruba František
Published: December 2022

The Castles of King Wenceslaus IV as Venues for Diplomatic Negotiations

The article deals with castle architecture of the late fourteenth century and is an analysis of Wenceslaus IV’s castles as venues for diplomatic negotiations and use of castle premises for fairs. Václav IV is a very specific and contradictory figure in Czech history. His personal interests often went beyond the world of royal duties, formalities and ceremonies, which he was eager to avoid, preferring instead to devote himself to hunting or art. That is why he liked
to stay in his luxury private residences and castles, which provided him with safe refuge from monarchical duties. He was particularly fond of the hunting areas in the Křivoklát region with the Křivoklát castle, where he would stay for months. Yet Křivoklát was located away from the main transport routes, so foreign envoys and ambassadors often had to look for it laboriously, which was very inconvenient. That is why Václav IV began to prefer Žebrák, next to which he later built the monumental Točník castle. The two castles were close to the most important provincial route from Prague to Nuremberg. The king’s reluctance to perform his monarchical duties also influenced the form of his castles. Thus for the first time we see the ruler’s private residence and “official” spaces being clearly separated in Bohemia. This is linked to the emergence of the so-called “second or banquet palaces”, that is specialist buildings for receiving guests and hosting fairs, which we find in Wenceslaus IV’s main castles, namely Točník, Žebrák, probably also Křivoklát and Novy hrad near Kunratice.
Foreigners amongst the Horse Courtiers of Duke Sigismund Jagiellon. A Contribution to the Problem of Ethnicity of the Court
Authors: Ferenc Marek
Published: December 2022

Foreigners amongst the Horse Courtiers of Duke Sigismund Jagiellon. A Contribution to the Problem of Ethnicity of the Court

In comparison with the courts of other Polish dukes, the entourage of Duke Sigismund
Jagiellon has attracted quite a lot of attention on the part of historians. There are several
reasons, including the fact that in 1499 Sigismund received the Duchy of Głogów
and in 1501 the Duchy of Opava as his fiefs. This would not matter much, if it did not concern Silesia, a special province, important to many countries. The surviving sources indicate that young Sigismund was granted his own courtiers only after the death of his father. The duke’s entourage became consolidated in the early sixteenth century. The date that should be regarded as the final day of the existence of the duke’s court is 20 October 1506. The horse courtiers (curienses), who are the subject of the present study, were the elite of Sigismund Jagiellon’s entourage. In total, 56 individuals served in this group. The duke’s small court and the group in question are, paradoxically, an interesting subject of study, full of contradictions. A simple analysis of the lands of origin of Sigismund’s horse courtiers provides a seemingly well-ordered picture. A vast majority of them, 34, came from the Kingdom of Poland. The provinces of the Kingdom of Bohemia — Silesia, Moravia and Lusatia — were less well represented: 20 courtiers came from there. The Grand Duchy of Lithuania was represented by only 2 courtiers. If we assume that ethnic identity is built on a juxtaposition of the familiar and the strange, an analysis of these two notions should in effect reveal foreigners among Sigismund’s horse courtiers. But how to establish — in the light of the available modest information — who was or felt foreign or not in the duke’s entourage? Perhaps Poles and Lithuanians felt at home, because the duke’s father ruled Poland and Lithuania, while Silesians were also regarded as native, because of the duchies Sigismund himself ruled. Neither group could hardly be called foreign at his court.
Courtiers of Foreign Origin amongst the Horse Courtiers of King Sigismund I the Old in 1518–1526. Part Two: Significance of “Other” Courtiers in Military Activities of the Royal Court in 1519–1521 in the Light of Signature Registers of the Horse Courtiers
Authors: Gładysz Andrzej
Published: December 2022

Courtiers of Foreign Origin amongst the Horse Courtiers of King Sigismund I the Old in 1518–1526. Part Two: The Significance of “Foreign” Courtiers in Military Activities of the Royal Court in 1519–1521 in the Light of Signature Registers of the Horse Courtiers

In the article the author demonstrates that the criteria of nationality, state or ethnicity was not key to the potential military usefulness and actual use in warfare of courtiers of foreign origin by Sigismund the Old as well as Marshal Piotr Kmita Sobieński and the commanders of the court regiment, Wojciech Sampoliński and Jan Boratyński. This is evidenced not just by the lack of differences in the size of detachments or nature of military service of the curienses, but also by their deployment determined by purely military considerations. When delaying or reconnaissance operations were planned, courtiers sent to carry them out made up mainly light detachments facilitating surprise attacks and moving faster (by virtue of being lighter armed and armoured). On the other hand when a serious attack on the enemy’s main forces was planned, the dominant group was that of lancers, who could bring a victory with their decisive charge. In this perspective the origin of the courtiers understood today as “foreign” did not matter.