bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Prevalencia de desnutrición en niños y adolescentes en instituciones hospitalarias de América Latina: una revisión
Authors: Ortiz-Beltrán Omar Danilo , Pinzón-Espitia Olga Lucia , Aya-Ramos Laura Brigitte
Published: July 2020

Esta revisión buscó identificar la prevalencia de desnutrición en menores de 18 años hospitalizados en instituciones de América Latina, los criterios empleados para su clasificación, así como, la estancia hospitalaria y riesgo nutricional. Para esto, se realizó una búsqueda bibliográfica sistemática siguiendo la metodología PRISMA de artículos sobre prevalencia de desnutrición en niños y adolescentes relacionada con enfermedades en países latinoamericanos, publicados entre 1995 y enero del 2019. Fueron elegibles para su inclusión los estudios que informaron datos sobre la prevalencia de desnutrición en pacientes hospitalizados < de 18 años con un tamaño de muestra mayor a 50 sujetos. La revisión se llevó a cabo por tres revisores independientes que evaluaron la calidad metodológica. Como principal resultado se identifica que la prevalencia informada de desnutrición en pacientes pediátricos hospitalizados varía considerablemente. Esta cifra osciló entre 3,3 y 67%. La diferencia se debe principalmente a la diversidad de las poblaciones evaluadas y a los métodos utilizados para detectar y evaluar el estado nutricional. Se tiene como principal conclusión que la elevada variabilidad reportada en cuanto a evaluación del estado nutricional plantea la necesidad de la unificación de estándares de clasificación que permitan favorecer la toma de decisiones a nivel hospitalario.
Problemas de salud mental en la sociedad: un acercamiento desde el impacto del COVID 19 y de la cuarentena
Authors: Caballero-Domínguez Carmen Cecilia , Campo-Arias Adalberto
Published: July 2020

La sociedad mundial vive una experiencia sin precedente, que moviliza todas las estructuras gubernamentales, sanitarias y sociales. Desde diciembre de 2019 a 15 de abril de 2020, la pandemia de coronavirus (COVID-19) se ha propagado a 213 países, con 1.848.439 casos confirmados en el contexto mundial y 676.162 en América Latina. En lo transcurrido del 6 de marzo hasta 15 de abril, en Colombia se informaron 3.105 casos y 131 muertes1.
O COMÉRCIO DE PROXIMIDADE EM NATAL/RN
Authors: Gomes Rita de Cássia Conceição
Published: July 2020

O trabalho objetiva discutir o comércio de proximidade e a sua expansão na cidade do Natal. A expansão da atividade comercial para além das áreas tradicionais de comércio – Alecrim, Cidade Alta e Ribeira – é resultado das transformações comerciais, frente ao processo de reestruturação produtiva. O comércio de proximidade é importante para os residentes, por dispor de estabelecimentos que oferecem produtos de consumo imediato, e também estabelecimentos com funções ocasionais. Outro aspecto importante refere-se aos espaços de sociabilidade favorecendo o convívio de tempos livres, atendendo, dessa forma aos trabalhadores e moradores do bairro. Assim, pode-se afirmar que o comércio de proximidade ao se reproduzir redefine o processo de produção do espaço urbano da cidade.
POLÍTICAS SOBRE A VIDA E A REIVINDICAÇÃO PELO USO MEDICINAL DA MACONHA
Authors: Campos Natália de
Published: July 2020

Este artigo busca, a partir das discussões de Michel Foucault e Didier Fassin, apontar as relações entre as políticas de Estado sobre a vida dos indivíduos e as estratégias acionadas pela população para ter acesso ao direito à saúde. Entre os casos que tratam desta temática já explorada por outros autores das ciências sociais e especialmente da antropologia, inserimos nesta discussão uma demanda bastante especíﬁca e atual, sobre o uso de derivados da maconha para ﬁns medicinais, terapêutica utilizada há alguns anos em outros países e recentemente discutida no Brasil com consideráveis limitações e entraves. Assim, apresentamos as formas como a sociedade articula-se e aciona dispositivos do próprio Estado para obter reconhecimento dos seus direitos e acesso para as suas demandas por saúde.
CATIMBÓ E TORÉ: PRÁTICAS RITUAIS E XAMANISMO DO POVO POTIGUARA DA PARAÍBA
Authors: Vieira José Glebson
Published: July 2020

Este artigo pretende analisar a prática ritual do catimbó e da jurema entre o povo Potiguara, que se localiza no litoral do Estado da Paraíba (Brasil), com o intuito de apontar para a articulação de tais práticas com o ritual do toré, tendo como pano de fundo a concepção nativa de encantado. Os Potiguara deﬁnem os encantados como sendo os habitantes de locais especíﬁcos como a mata e os fundos e os deﬁnem pelo atributo da invisibilidade e por dois predicados especíﬁcos: a humanidade e a imortalidade. Em suas práticas rituais, os pajés, os mestres do toré e os especialistas do catimbó acionam entidades espirituais que estão presentes no culto da jurema (como mestres e caboclos), entidades do catolicismo (santos). A centralidade da jurema e a presença de entidades das religiosidades afro-brasileiras em tais práticas propiciam o uso pejorativo do termo catimbozeiro para classiﬁcar os especialistas rituais. Esses dialogam com os encantados através de viagens e da incorporação espiritual por meio de melodias, que são chamamentos para “fazer o trabalho”, de orações fortes e do uso da defumação com fumo e que estão presentes em maior ou menor expressividade no toré. O toré é concebido e vivido como brincadeira, como ritual e como guerra contra o visível e o invisível, o que remete às operações de tradução, mediação e cura, e indica uma efetiva combinação com novas técnicas disponíveis e as possibilidades de agenciamento de humanos e entidades encantadas e espirituais.
O LUGAR DA CULTURA NO DEBATE SOBRE SEGURANÇA ALIMENTAR E NUTRICIONAL: UM OLHAR A PARTIR DE MOÇAMBIQUE
Authors: Menasche Renata , Mirasse Jone Januário , Cruz Fabiana Thomé da
Published: July 2020

Este artigo problematiza o lugar da cultura alimentar em projetos e políticas públicas voltados à segurança alimentar e nutricional (SAN). São analisados dados empíricos de pesquisa acerca de um programa público na província de Nampula (Nordeste de Moçambique) por meio do qual famílias rurais foram estimuladas a produzir e consumir batata-doce de polpa alaranjada. Apesar de nutritivo, esse tubérculo — por razões que remetem ao sofrimento vivenciado no processo de colonização e ao respeito aos ancestrais — é aceito com restrições pela população. Desse modo, seu emprego para combater a insegurança alimentar pode ser considerado pouco eﬁcaz. Esse contexto, favorável à análise das interfaces entre cultura alimentar e SAN, proporciona reﬂetir sobre como se conformam, em uma sociedade, adesões, adaptações ou rejeições a práticas alimentares nela introduzidas.
A aplicação do Storytelling nas pesquisas em Turismo: Uma Revisão Bibliométrica, Sistemática e Integrativa da Literatura
Authors: Manosso Franciele Cristina , Domareski Ruiz Thays Cristina , Massukado Nakatani Marcia Shizue
Published: July 2020

O storytelling tem o poder de informar, persuadir, emocionar, promover apoio e iniciativas na sociedade. Com a mudança no comportamento do consumidor, a popularização da economia da experiência e as inovações tecnológicas, o uso do storytelling aumentou nos últimos anos. Pois, este, enquanto ferramenta vem sendo trabalhado como meio de promover negócios, produtos e serviços e, no caso do turismo, destinos. Com base em um estudo exploratório, este artigo realizou revisões bibliométrica, sistemática e integrativa da literatura para traçar um panorama a respeito do uso do storytelling nas pesquisas acadêmicas em turismo. Para tal, foram empregados os descritores storytelling, marketing e tourism nas bases de dados: Taylor and Francis, Science Direct, Portal da Capes e Scopus. Com as buscas foi possível compilar um corpus de 22 artigos. Os indicadores bibliométricos apontaram que o estudo da temática é recente, visto que os artigos foram publicados nos últimos doze anos e que há uma dispersão espacial dos pesquisadores que investigam a temática. A revisão sistemática apontou dois objetos de estudo: a experiência turística e o marketing de destinos. Portanto, pode-se concluir que a abordagem do storytelling tem sido empregada como ferramenta de marketing tanto em organizações quanto nos destinos, utilizando-o como estratégia de comunicação da marca, evidenciando sua característica de propagar a partir de narrativas, as experiências vivenciadas e transformar as principais características do destino em histórias.
Criação, formatação, gestão e promoção de bens e experiências turístico-culturais
Authors: Fontan Kohler Andre
Published: July 2020

Nas últimas décadas, tem havido um crescimento expressivo do número de atrações turístico-culturais, dentre as quais atrações principais, centros de interpretação patrimonial e trilhas e roteiros patrimoniais. Objetiva-se apresentar, discutir e exemplificar diversas maneiras de criar, formatar, gerir e promover atrações turístico-culturais, isoladamente ou em conjunto, de modo a tornar a oferta turístico-cultural de uma cidade, região ou país mais atrativa para determinados públicos-alvo. O presente artigo aborda o seguinte: a) a criação de uma nova e original atração turístico-cultural; b) o pacote de atrações e outros elementos turísticos e de lazer; c) o desenvolvimento de trilhas e roteiros patrimoniais; d) eventos – destinos turísticos; e) centro de interpretação patrimonial; e f) eventos – atração turístico-cultural. Enquanto no exterior há o fenômeno do encerramento de atrações turístico-culturais, em virtude de um crescimento acelerado superior ao da demanda, tem ocorrido no Brasil, por parte do poder público e da iniciativa privada, um desinteresse em abrir centros de interpretação patrimonial e desenvolver trilhas e roteiros patrimoniais, dentre outras atrações, mesmo em nossas principais cidades patrimoniais. A “importação” de novos modelos e tipos de atrações turístico-culturais seria algo inovador para o mercado de turismo cultural no Brasil, mesmo que alguns desses já estejam sendo implantados no exterior, desde pelo menos os anos 1980.

Palavras-chave: Model Culture. Reprodução Autêntica. Trilhas e Roteiros Patrimoniais. Evento. Centro de Interpretação Patrimonial.
Uma análise do antigo Sistema Brasileiro de Classificação de Meios de Hospedagem a partir do Complexo Turístico do Porto das Dunas, Fortaleza/Brasil
Authors: Lúcia Sousa de Aguiar Francisca , Santos Brito Adriana , Perinotto André Riani Costa
Published: July 2020

Nesse trabalho propõem-se analisar os requisitos recomendados pelo Ministério do Turismo do Brasil (MTur) para a classificação da tipologia resort no Sistema Brasileiro de Classificação de Meios de Hospedagem (SBClass) nos três empreendimentos hoteleiros, auto classificados de resorts, que fazem parte do complexo turístico do Porto das Dunas em Fortaleza, Ceará, Brasil. Para tal, buscou-se verificar quais requisitos do SBClass são atendidos pelos resorts desse empreendimento, a partir da Matriz de Classificação do SBClass. Na metodologia utilizou-se a pesquisa documental e de campo, com abordagem qualitativa e método netnográfico. Os instrumentos de coleta de dados foram um (01) questionário contendo dez (10) questões, e a Matriz de Classificação - Tipologia Resort do MTur. A coleta de dados aconteceu a partir de 66 avaliações postadas na plataforma do TripAdvisor, entre março a maio de 2018. A análise dos dados foi realizada por meio do método netnográfico no qual obteve-se um percentual para o atendimento dos requisitos de: infraestrutura, serviços e sustentabilidade, respectivamente: 86%, 83% e 100% de itens obrigatórios presentes nos três resorts do complexo turístico do Porto das Dunas.
Tecnologia da Informação e Comunicação como ferramenta de aprendizagem: um estudo de casos múltiplos em agências de viagens de Natal/RN
Authors: Silva Jéssyca Rodrigues Henrique da , Lima Daene Silva de Morais , Mendes Filho Luiz
Published: July 2020

A Tecnologia da Informação e Comunicação (TIC) vem sendo utilizada para as mais diversas finalidades no turismo, inclusive para aprimorar conhecimentos. O presente estudo se propôs a analisar como a TIC pode ser utilizada como ferramenta de aprendizagem em agências de viagens de Natal/RN. Para atingir ao objetivo, realizou-se um estudo de casos múltiplos com abordagem qualitativa e de caráter exploratório-descritivo. Os dados foram coletados junto a gestores de agências de viagens, mediante um roteiro de entrevista semiestruturado. Os resultados do estudo mostraram que as agências fazem uso constante da tecnologia para aprimorar e adquirir conhecimentos, sendo possível transpor conhecimentos aos colaboradores, em especial sobre os destinos comercializados. Observou-se que embora o ensino a distância esteja caminhando para utilização estratégica no contexto dessas empresas, o método presencial foi elencado como mais eficiente. Conclui-se que, as TICs possibilitam um novo caminho e metodologias de ensino para organizações que precisam trabalhar o conhecimento de forma estratégica. Entretanto, essa é uma nova cultura de ensino que ainda precisa ser fortalecida nas agências de viagens. 

Palavras-chave: Tecnologia da Informação e Comunicação. Aprendizagem. Agências de Viagens. e-learning.
Endodontic Management of Bilateral Maxillary Second Premolars with Three Canals: A Case Report
Authors: John Sosham
Published: July 2020

The dentist must look for extra canals while performing endodontic treatment. Patients presenting with three canals in maxillary second premolar is
a rare phenomenon, and in particular, bilateral maxillary premolars having three canals is very rare. In these patients, accurate preoperative
radiographs with multiple angulations are useful in diagnosis. Good clinical and radio-graphic skills are required in the successful diagnosis and
treatment of these cases. This article describes an uncommon case of endodontic treatment of bilateral maxillary premolars with three canals.
Alpha-MSH Targeted Liposomal Nanoparticle for Imaging in Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD)
Authors: Peñate-Medina Tuula , Damoah Christabel , Benezra Miriam , Will Olga , Kairemo Kalevi , Humbert Jana , Sebens Susanne , Peñate-Medina Oula
Published: July 2020

Background:

The purpose of our study was to find a novel targeted imaging and drug delivery vehicle
for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). IBD is a common and troublesome disease that still lacks effective therapy
and imaging options. As an attempt to improve the disease treatment, we tested αMSH for the targeting of
nanoliposomes to IBD sites. αMSH, an endogenous tridecapeptide, binds to the melanocortin-1 receptor (MC1-R)
and has anti-inflammatory and immunomodulating effects. MC1-R is found on macrophages, neutrophils and the
renal tubule system. We formulated and tested a liposomal nanoparticle involving αMSH in order to achieve a
specific targeting to the inflamed intestines.

Methods:

NDP-αMSH peptide conjugated to Alexa Fluor™ 680 was linked to the liposomal membrane via NSuccinyl
PE and additionally loaded into the lumen of the liposomes. Liposomes without the αMSH-conjugate
and free NDP-αMSH were used as a control. The liposomes were also loaded with ICG to track them. The
liposomes were tested in DSS treated mice, which had received DSS via drinking water order to develop a model
IBD. Inflammation severity was assessed by the Disease Activity Index (DAI) score and ex vivo histological
CD68 staining of samples taken from different parts of the intestine. The liposome targeting was analyzed by
analyzing the ICG and ALEXA 680 fluorescence in the intestine compared to the biodistribution.

Results:

NPD-αMSH was successfully labeled with Alexa and retained its biological activity. Liposomes were
identified in expected regions in the inflamed bowel regions and in the kidneys, where MC1-R is abundant. In
vivo liposome targeting correlated with the macrophage concentration at the site of the inflammation supporting
the active targeting of the liposomes through αMSH. The liposomal αMSH was well tolerated by animals.

Conclusions:

This study opens up the possibility to further develop an αMSH targeted theranostic delivery to
different clinically relevant applications in IBD inflammation but also opens possibilities for use in other inflammations
like lung inflammation in Covid 19.
Stereoselective Pharmacokinetics and Chiral Inversions of Some Chiral Hydroxy Group Drugs
Authors: Chen Fuxin , Bai Qiaoxiu , Wang Qingfeng , Chen Suying , Ma Xiaoxian , Cai Changlong , Wang Danni , Waqas Ahsan , Gong Pin
Published: July 2020

Background:

Chiral safety, especially chiral drug inversion in vivo, is the top priority of
current scientific research. Medicine researchers and pharmacists often ignore that one enantiomer will
be converted or partially converted to another enantiomer when it is ingested in vivo. So that, in the
context that more than 50% of the listed drugs are chiral drugs, it is necessary and important to pay attention
to the inversion of chiral drugs.

Methods:

The metabolic and stereoselective pharmacokinetic characteristics of seven chiral drugs with
one chiral center in the hydroxy group were reviewed in vivo and in vitro including the possible chiral
inversion of each drug enantiomer. These seven drugs include (S)-Mandelic acid, RS-8359, Tramadol,
Venlafaxine, Carvedilol, Fluoxetine and Metoprolol.

Results:

The differences in stereoselective pharmacokinetics could be found for all the seven chiral
drugs, since R and S isomers often exhibit different PK and PD properties. However, not every drug
has shown the properties of one direction or two direction chiral inversion. For chiral hydroxyl group
drugs, the redox enzyme system may be one of the key factors for chiral inversion in vivo.

Conclusion:

In vitro and in vivo chiral inversion is a very complex problem and may occur during every
process of ADME. Nowadays, research on chiral metabolism in the liver has the most attention,
while neglecting the chiral transformation of other processes. Our review may provide the basis for the
drug R&D and the safety of drugs in clinical therapy.
Enhanced Intracellular Delivery of Curcumin by Chitosan-Lipoic Acid as Reduction-Responsive Nanoparticles
Authors: Rezaei Somayeh , Kashanian Soheila , Bahrami Yadollah , Zhaleh Hossein , Cruz Luis J.
Published: July 2020

Aims:

Enhancement of anti-tumor activity of the chemotherapeutic agent CUR by redoxsensitive
nanoparticle to get a deeper insight into cancer therapy.

Background:

Tumor targetability and stimulus are widely used to study the delivery of drugs for cancer
diagnosis and treatment because poor cellular uptake and inadequate intracellular drug release lead
to inefficient delivery of anticancer agents to tumor tissue.

Objective:

Studies distinguishing between tumor and normal tissues or redox-sensitive systems using
glutathione (GSH) as a significant signal.

Methods:

In this study, we designed Chitosan-Lipoic acid Nanoparticles (CS-LANPs) to improve drug
delivery for breast cancer treatment by efficient delivery of Curcumin (CUR). The properties of blank
CS-LANPs were studied in detail. The size and the Polydispersity Index (PDI) of the CS-LANPs were
optimized.

Results:

The results indicate the mean size and PDI of the blank CS-LANPs were around 249 nm and
0.125, respectively. However, the Drug Loading (DL) and Encapsulation Efficiency (EE) of the CSLANPs
were estimated to be about 18.22% and 99.80%, respectively. Compared to non-reductive conditions,
the size of reduction-sensitive CS-LANPs increased significantly under reductive conditions.
Therefore, the drug release of CS-LANPs in the presence of glutathione was much faster than that of
non-GSH conditions .Moreover, the antitumor effect of CS-LANPs on MCF-7 cells was determined
in vitro by MTT assay, cell cytotoxicity, Caspase-3 Assay, detection of mitochondrial membrane potential
and quantification of apoptosis incidence.

Conclusion:

CS-LANPs showed a remarkably increased accumulation in tumor cells and had a better
tumor inhibitory activity in vitro. CS-LANPs could successfully deliver drugs to cancer cells and
revealed better efficiency than free CUR.
LncRNA SNHG12 Improves Cerebral Ischemic-reperfusion Injury by Activating SIRT1/FOXO3a Pathway through I nhibition of Autophagy and Oxidative Stress
Authors: Wu Yuanhua , Huang Yuan , Cai Jing , Zhang Donglan , Liu Shixi , Pang Bo
Published: July 2020

Background:

Ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury involves complex biological processes
and molecular mechanisms such as autophagy. Oxidative stress plays a critical role in the pathogenesis
of I/R injury. LncRNAs are the regulatory factor of cerebral I/R injury.

Methods:

This study constructs cerebral I/R model to investigate role of autophagy and oxidative
stress in cerebral I/R injury and the underline regulatory mechanism of SIRT1/ FOXO3a pathway.
In this study, lncRNA SNHG12 and FOXO3a expression was up-regulated and SIRT1 expression
was down-regulated in HT22 cells of I/R model.

Results:

Overexpression of lncRNA SNHG12 significantly increased the cell viability and inhibited
cerebral ischemicreperfusion injury induced by I/Rthrough inhibition of autophagy. In addition,
the transfected p-SIRT1 significantly suppressed the release of LDH and SOD compared with cells
co-transfected with SIRT1 and FOXO3a group and cells induced by I/R and transfected with p-SNHG12
group and overexpression of cells co-transfected with SIRT1 and FOXO3 further decreased
the I/R induced release of ROS and MDA.

Conclusion:

In conclusion, lncRNA SNHG12 increased cell activity and inhibited oxidative stress
through inhibition of SIRT1/FOXO3a signaling-mediated autophagy in HT22 cells of I/R model.
This study might provide new potential therapeutic targets for further investigating the mechanisms
in cerebral I/R injury and provide.
Implication of Prophetic Variables and their Impulsive Interplay in CA Prostate Patients Experiencing Osteo-Metastasis
Authors: Ashraf Muhammad A.B. , Zahid Ayesha , Ashraf Shazia , Waquar Sulayman , Iqbal Saima , Malik Arif
Published: July 2020

Aims:

To identify variables having a critical role in prostate cancer patients experiencing osteometastasis.

Background:

Prostatic carcinoma is a multifactorial complex disorder that exhibits an increased propensity to
develop bone metastasis. An interplay of inflammatory and bone remodeling parameters promotes the formation
of pre-metastatic niches in bones of patients, which could render them more vulnerable to skeletal disabilities.

Objective:

To evaluate the multi-dynamic inter-relationship of circulating variables in prostate cancer patients
experiencing osteo-metastasis.

Materials and Methods:

Fifty-seven (n=57) men with clinically confirmed prostate cancer, fifty-nine (n=59)
with skeletal metastases, and one hundred (n=100) healthy subjects i.e., men aging from 53-84 years with no
clinical evidence of prostate were recruited from the Jinnah Hospital Lahore, Pakistan. Informed consent was
obtained, and a venous blood sample was drawn and stored at -70oC until assayed. Levels of variables were
evaluated using appropriate methods. Levels of Matrix Metalloproteinases (MMPs), Osteopontin (OPN), TGH-
β, and sRANKL were estimated by the ELISA method. Each sample was suspended and the given protocol was
employed. ELISA readings were obtained for the estimation of all variables.

Conclusion:

The altered oxidative and inflammatory responses endorse Matrix Metalloproteinases (MMPs)
increased activity, RANKL/OPG imbalance, and enhanced bone matrix proteins turnover, which can foster the
process of osteo-metastasis. The perturbed RANKL/OPG drift and enhanced PSA levels are associated with
increased TGF-β activity to aggravate Epithelial Mesenchymal transition (EM) and osteo-tropism of prostate cancer.
Thus, designing novel targets of these major variables can minimize the incidence of prostate cancer patients.

Results:

Highly significant (P˂0.05) differential expression of oxidative stress, inflammatory cytokines, and
bone remodeling variables were observed in localized and osteo-metastatic CA prostate patients. A strong positive
correlation was revealed among OPN, sRANKL, MMP-7, MMP-9, PSA, and TGF-β (OPN vs. MMP-7,
r=0.698* and OPN vs. MMP-9, r=0.765**, OPN vs. RANKL, =0.856*, sRANKL vs. MMP-9, r=0.825**, TGF-
β vs. RANKL, r=0.868* and PSA vs. TGF- β, r=0.752*); lower levels of OPG were estimated in metastasized
patients, showing that both osteolytic and osteoblastic phases of bone remodeling occur simultaneously.
In Silico Identification of a Potent Arsenic Based Approved Drug Darinaparsin against SARS-CoV-2: Inhibitor of RNA Dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) and Essential Proteases
Authors: Chowdhury Trinath , Roymahapatra Gourisankar , Mandal Santi M.
Published: July 2020

Background:

COVID-19 is a life-threatening novel corona viral infection to our civilization and spreading rapidly. Tremendousefforts have been made by the researchers to search for a drug to control SARS-CoV-2.

Methods:

Here, a series of arsenical derivatives were optimized and analyzed with in silico study to search the inhibitor of RNA dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp), the major replication factor of SARS-CoV-2. All the optimized derivatives were blindly docked with RdRp of SARS-CoV-2 using iGEMDOCK v2.1.

Results:

Based on the lower idock score in the catalytic pocket of RdRp, darinaparsin (-82.52 kcal/- mol) was revealed to be the most effective among them. Darinaparsin strongly binds with both Nsp9 replicase protein (-8.77 kcal/mol) and Nsp15 endoribonuclease (-8.3 kcal/mol) of SARS-- CoV-2 as confirmed from the AutoDock analysis. During infection, the ssRNA of SARS-CoV-2 is translated into large polyproteins forming viral replication complex by specific proteases like 3CL protease and papain protease. This is also another target to control the virus infection where darinaparsin also performs the inhibitory role to proteases of 3CL protease (-7.69 kcal/mol) and papain protease (-8.43 kcal/mol).

Conclusion:

In the host cell, the furin protease serves as a gateway to the viral entry and darinaparsin docked with furin protease, which revealed a strong binding affinity. Thus, screening of potential arsenic drugs would help in providing the fast in-vitro to in-vivo analysis towards the development of therapeutics against SARS-CoV-2.
The Effect of L-Carnitine on Mortality Rate in Septic Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis on Randomized Clinical Trials
Authors: Abdollahi Hamed , Abdolahi Mina , Sedighiyan Mohsen , Jafarieh Arash
Published: July 2020

Background:

Recent clinical trial studies have reported that L-carnitine supplementation
can reduce the mortality rate in patients with sepsis, but there are no definitive results in this context.
The current systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the effect of L-carnitine supplementation on 28-day and one-year mortality in septic patients.

Methods:

A systematic search conducted on Pubmed, Scopus and Cochrane Library databases up to
June 2019 without any language restriction. The publications were reviewed based on the Cochrane
handbook and preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA). To
compare the effects of L-carnitine with placebo, Risk Ratio (RR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI)
were pooled according to the random effects model.

Results:

Across five enrolled clinical trials, we found that L-carnitine supplementation reduce one-year
mortality in septic patients with SOFA> 12 (RR: 0.68; 95% CI: 0.49 to 0.96; P= 0.03) but had no significant effect on reducing 28-day mortality ((RR: 0.93; 95% CI: 0.68 to 1.28; P= 0.65) compared to
placebo. Finally, we observed that based on current trials, L-carnitine supplementation may not have
clinically a significant effect on mortality rate.

Conclusions:

L-carnitine patients with higher SOFA score can reduce the mortality rate. However, the
number of trials, study duration and using a dosage of L-carnitine are limited in this context and further
large prospective trials are required to clarify the effect of L-carnitine on mortality rate in septic patients.
Extremity Exposure with 99mTc - Labelled Radiopharmaceuticals in Diagnostic Nuclear Medicine
Authors: Nyathi Mpumelelo , Moeng Thabiso Maria , Maboe Doctor Paul A
Published: July 2020

Background:

Extremity exposures may raise the risk of cancer induction among radiographers
involved in the preparation and administration of technetium-99m labelled radiopharmaceuticals.

Objective:

To estimate finger doses on radiographers at a South African tertiary hospital.

Methods:

Adhesive tape was used to securely fix a calibrated thermoluminescent dosimeter (TLD)
on fingertips and bases of ring and index fingers of both hands of five radiographers who prepared
and administered technetium-99m labelled radiopharmaceuticals. Rubber gloves were worn to
avoid TLD contamination. TLDs doses were read with a Harsaw TLD Reader (Model 3500) after a
week.

Results:

Five radiographers prepared and administered technitium-99m labelled radiopharmaceuticals
(activity range; 78.20 GBq - 132.78 GBq during a one-week measurement period). A radiographer
handling 132.78 GBq received 4.74±0.52 mSv on both hands; 5.52, 4.55, 5.11 and 4.60 mSv
on the fingertip of the index finger of the dominant hand (FIDH), fingertip of the ring finger of the
dominant hand (FRDH), fingertip of the index finger of the non-dominant hand (FINDH) and fingertip
of the ring finger of the non-dominant hand (FRNDH), respectively. The respective doses received
on the finger bases were 4.50 mSv, 4.60, 4.21 and 3.48 mSv. The radiographer handling
78.20 GBq received 0.85±0.18 mSv on both hands, 1.04, 1.17, 0.77 and 1 mSv for the FIDH,
FRDH, FINDH and FRNDH, respectively, while respective doses for the bases were 0.8, 0.9, 0.6
and 0.8 mSv.

Conclusion:

The extremity exposures were below the annual limit (500 mSv). However, the use of
syringe shields could still reduce the finger doses further.
Sunrays Microcomputer FDDI Optical Fiber Computer Network Security System Design
Authors: Xiang Tao
Published: July 2020

Background:

In order to solve the safety hazard of computer network security, a special
congestion control strategy is adopted.

Methods:

This strategy is used to discuss the design and implementation technology of a network
adapter, a bridge, concentrator, a device driver, Netware interface software, and a complete set of
FDDI optical fiber computer networks. The following functions i.e. source address tracking, frame
forwarding, frame format conversion, spanning tree protocol, and other functions were achieved.

Results:

The research shows that the Sunrays micro-computer follows the SNMP simple network
management protocol, which can support multiple Ethernet protocols and multiple ports, and the
number of ports is scalable.

Conclusion:

The proposed method is useful for the multiple input and output ports in a computer
network with security enabled congestion control for data traffic.
Cross-provincial Cross-region Power Trading Optimization Modeling
Authors: Chen Jing-wen , Xiao Yan , Dang Hong-she , Zhang Rong
Published: July 2020

Background:

China's power resources are unevenly distributed in geography, and the
supply-demand imbalance becomes worse due to regional economic disparities. It is essential to optimize
the allocation of power resources through cross-provincial and cross-regional power trading.

Methods:

This paper uses load forecasting, transaction subject data declaration, and route optimization
models to achieve optimal allocation of electricity and power resources cross-provincial and
cross-regional and maximize social benefits. Gray theory is used to predict the medium and longterm
loads, while multi-agent technology is used to report the power trading price.

Results:

Cross-provincial and cross-regional power trading become a network flow problem, through
which we can find the optimized complete trading paths.

Conclusion:

Numerical case study results has verified the efficiency of the proposed method in optimizing power
allocation across provinces and regions.
Assessment of the Fairness of Privacy Policies of Mobile Health Apps: Scale Development and Evaluation in Cancer Apps
Authors: Benjumea Jaime , Ropero Jorge , Rivera-Romero Octavio , Dorronzoro-Zubiete Enrique , Carrasco Alejandro
Published: July 2020

Background

Cancer patients are increasingly using mobile health (mHealth) apps to take control of their health. Many studies have explored their efficiency, content, usability, and adherence; however, these apps have created a new set of privacy challenges, as they store personal and sensitive data.

Objective

The purpose of this study was to refine and evaluate a scale based on the General Data Protection Regulation and assess the fairness of privacy policies of mHealth apps.

Methods

Based on the experience gained from our previous work, we redefined some of the items and scores of our privacy scale. Using the new version of our scale, we conducted a case study in which we analyzed the privacy policies of cancer Android apps. A systematic search of cancer mobile apps was performed in the Spanish version of the Google Play website.

Results

The redefinition of certain items reduced discrepancies between reviewers. Thus, use of the scale was made easier, not only for the reviewers but also for any other potential users of our scale. Assessment of the privacy policies revealed that 29% (9/31) of the apps included in the study did not have a privacy policy, 32% (10/31) had a score over 50 out of a maximum of 100 points, and 39% (12/31) scored fewer than 50 points.

Conclusions

In this paper, we present a scale for the assessment of mHealth apps that is an improved version of our previous scale with adjusted scores. The results showed a lack of fairness in the mHealth app privacy policies that we examined, and the scale provides developers with a tool to evaluate their privacy policies.
Information Needs of Breast Cancer Patients: Theory-Generating Meta-Synthesis
Authors: Lu Hongru , Xie Juan , Gerido Lynette Hammond , Cheng Ying , Chen Ya , Sun Lizhu
Published: July 2020

Background

Breast cancer has become one of the most frequently diagnosed carcinomas and the leading cause of cancer deaths. The substantial growth in the number of breast cancer patients has put great pressure on health services. Meanwhile, the information patients need has increased and become more complicated. Therefore, a comprehensive and in-depth understanding of their information needs is urgently needed to improve the quality of health care. However, previous studies related to the information needs of breast cancer patients have focused on different perspectives and have only contributed to individual results. A systematic review and synthesis of breast cancer patients’ information needs is critical.

Objective

This paper aims to systematically identify, evaluate, and synthesize existing primary qualitative research on the information needs of breast cancer patients.

Methods

Web of Science, EBSCO, Scopus, ProQuest, PubMed, PsycINFO, The Cochrane Library, the Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature were searched on February 12 and July 9, 2019, to collect relevant studies. A Google Scholar search, interpersonal network recommendations, and reference chaining were also conducted. Eligible studies included qualitative or mixed-methods studies focusing on the information needs (across the cancer continuum) of breast cancer patients or their social networks. Subsequently, a Critical Appraisals Skills Programme checklist was used to assess the quality of included research. The results, findings, and discussions were extracted. Data analysis was guided by the theory-generating meta-synthesis and grounded theory approach.

Results

Three themes, 19 categories, and 55 concepts emerged: (1) incentives (physical abnormality, inquiry from others, subjective norm, and problems during appointments); (2) types of information needs (prevention, etiology, diagnosis, clinical manifestation, treatment, prognosis, impact and resumption of normal life, scientific research, and social assistance); (3) moderating variables (attitudes, health literacy, demographic characteristics, disease status, as well as political and cultural environment). The studies revealed that the information needs of breast cancer patients were triggered by different incentives. Subsequently, the patients sought a variety of information among different stages of the cancer journey. Five types of variables were also found to moderate the formation of information needs.

Conclusions

This study contributes to a thorough model of information needs among breast cancer patients and provides practical suggestions for health and information professionals.
Mobile Health Intervention in the Maternal Care Pathway: Protocol for the Impact Evaluation of hAPPyMamma
Authors: Bonciani Manila , De Rosis Sabina , Vainieri Milena
Published: July 2020

Background

Mobile health (mHealth) has great potential to both improve the quality and efficiency of care and increase health literacy and empowerment of patient users. There are several studies related to the introduction of mHealth tools for supporting pregnancy and the postnatal period, with promising but not yet rigorously evaluated impacts. This article presents the protocol for evaluating an mHealth intervention (hAPPyMamma) applied in the maternal and child care pathway of a high-income country (in a pilot area of Tuscany Region, Italy).

Objective

The protocol describes hAPPyMamma and the methods for evaluating its impact, including the points of view of women and practitioners. The research hypothesis is that the use of hAPPyMamma will facilitate a more appropriate use of available services, a better care experience for women, and an improvement in the maternal competencies of the women using the app compared to the control group. The protocol also includes analysis of the organizational impact of the introduction of hAPPyMamma in the maternal pathway.

Methods

A pre-post quasiexperimental design with a control group is used to undertake difference-in-differences analysis for assessing the impact of the mHealth intervention from the mothers’ points of view. The outcome measures are improvement of maternal health literacy and empowerment as well as experience in the maternal care pathway of the control and intervention groups of sampled mothers. The organizational impact is evaluated through a quantitative and qualitative survey addressing professionals and managers of the maternal care pathway involved in the intervention.

Results

Following study recruitment, 177 women were enrolled in the control group and 150 in the intervention group, with a participation rate of 97%-98%. The response rate was higher in the control group than in the intervention group (96% vs 67%), though the intervention group had less respondent loss at the postintervention survey (10% compared to 33% of the control group). Data collection from the women was completed in April 2018, while that from professionals and managers is underway.

Conclusions

The study helps consolidate evidence of the utility of mHealth interventions for maternal and child care in developed countries. This paper presents a protocol for analyzing the potential role of hAPPyMamma as an effective mHealth tool for improving the maternal care pathway at individual and organizational levels and consequently helps to understand whether and how to scale up this intervention, with local, national, and international scopes of application.

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

DERR1-10.2196/19073
Assessment of the Fairness of Privacy Policies of Mobile Health Apps: Scale Development and Evaluation in Cancer Apps (Preprint)
Authors: Benjumea Jaime , Ropero Jorge , Rivera-Romero Octavio , Dorronzoro-Zubiete Enrique , Carrasco Alejandro
Published: July 2020

BACKGROUND

Cancer patients are increasingly using mobile health (mHealth) apps to take control of their health. Many studies have explored their efficiency, content, usability, and adherence; however, these apps have created a new set of privacy challenges, as they store personal and sensitive data.

OBJECTIVE

The purpose of this study was to refine and evaluate a scale based on the General Data Protection Regulation and assess the fairness of privacy policies of mHealth apps.

METHODS

Based on the experience gained from our previous work, we redefined some of the items and scores of our privacy scale. Using the new version of our scale, we conducted a case study in which we analyzed the privacy policies of cancer Android apps. A systematic search of cancer mobile apps was performed in the Spanish version of the Google Play website.

RESULTS

The redefinition of certain items reduced discrepancies between reviewers. Thus, use of the scale was made easier, not only for the reviewers but also for any other potential users of our scale. Assessment of the privacy policies revealed that 29% (9/31) of the apps included in the study did not have a privacy policy, 32% (10/31) had a score over 50 out of a maximum of 100 points, and 39% (12/31) scored fewer than 50 points.

CONCLUSIONS

In this paper, we present a scale for the assessment of mHealth apps that is an improved version of our previous scale with adjusted scores. The results showed a lack of fairness in the mHealth app privacy policies that we examined, and the scale provides developers with a tool to evaluate their privacy policies.
Accuracy of the Standard GlucoNavii Mentor in Blood Glucose Monitoring According to International Organization for Standardization 15197:2013 Criteria (Preprint)
Authors: Hwang Heeyoung , Leonardi Luca , Nicolucci Antonio
Published: July 2020

UNSTRUCTURED

This study was performed to assess the system accuracy of the blood glucose monitoring system SD GlucoNavii Mentor (SD Biosensor Inc, Korea). The study procedures were based on International Organization for Standardization 15197:2013, in that capillary blood samples from 100 participants’ fingertips were measured with three reagent system lots of the self-monitoring blood glucose system. Samples were collected for comparison measurements on a hexokinase-based glucose analyzer (Cobas Integra400 Plus, Roche Instrument Center, Switzerland). Glucose concentrations were distributed as required by International Organization for Standardization 15197. For each of the 100 evaluable samples, duplicate measurements were taken from three different reagent lots, for a total of 600 measurements. Overall, 98.3% (590/600) of individual measurement results (185/186, 99.5% for glucose values <100 mg/dl and 405/414, 97.8% for glucose values ≥100 mg/dl) were within ±15 mg/dl or ±15% of the corresponding comparison method results. All results (100%) fell into the consensus error grid zones A and B, indicating only clinically acceptable results. In conclusion, the blood glucose monitoring system SD GlucoNavii Mentor device fulfilled the system accuracy criteria of the International Organization for Standardization 15197, indicating measurement accuracy sufficient for diabetes therapy.
Effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Obsessive-Compulsive Symptoms Among University Students: Prospective Cohort Survey Study (Preprint)
Authors: Ji Guangjun , Wei Wenjun , Yue Kai-Chen , Li Heng , Shi Li-Jing , Ma Jian-Dong , He Chen-Yang , Zhou Sheng-Sheng , Zhao Zongya , Lou Tao , Cheng Jie , Yang Shi-Chang , Hu Xian-Zhang
Published: July 2020

BACKGROUND

The COVID-19 pandemic is associated with common mental health problems. However, evidence for the association between fear of COVID-19 and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is limited.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to examine if fear of negative events affects Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale (Y-BOCS) scores in the context of a COVID-19–fear-invoking environment.

METHODS

All participants were medical university students and voluntarily completed three surveys via smartphone or computer. Survey 1 was conducted on February 8, 2020, following a 2-week-long quarantine period without classes; survey 2 was conducted on March 25, 2020, when participants had been taking online courses for 2 weeks; and survey 3 was conducted on April 28, 2020, when no new cases had been reported for 2 weeks. The surveys comprised the Y-BOCS and the Zung Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS); additional items included questions on demographics (age, gender, only child vs siblings, enrollment year, major), knowledge of COVID-19, and level of fear pertaining to COVID-19.

RESULTS

In survey 1, 11.3% of participants (1519/13,478) scored ≥16 on the Y-BOCS (defined as possible OCD). In surveys 2 and 3, 3.6% (305/8162) and 3.5% (305/8511) of participants had scores indicative of possible OCD, respectively. The Y-BOCS score, anxiety level, quarantine level, and intensity of fear were significantly lower at surveys 2 and 3 than at survey 1 (P<.001 for all). Compared to those with a lower Y-BOCS score (<16), participants with possible OCD expressed greater intensity of fear and had higher SAS standard scores (P<.001). The regression linear analysis indicated that intensity of fear was positively correlated to the rate of possible OCD and the average total scores for the Y-BOCS in each survey (P<.001 for all). Multiple regressions showed that those with a higher intensity of fear, a higher anxiety level, of male gender, with sibling(s), and majoring in a nonmedicine discipline had a greater chance of having a higher Y-BOCS score in all surveys. These results were redemonstrated in the 5827 participants who completed both surveys 1 and 2 and in the 4006 participants who completed all three surveys. Furthermore, in matched participants, the Y-BOCS score was negatively correlated to changes in intensity of fear (r=0.74 for survey 2, P<.001; r=0.63 for survey 3, P=.006).

CONCLUSIONS

Our findings indicate that fear of COVID-19 was associated with a greater Y-BOCS score, suggesting that an environment (COVID-19 pandemic) × psychology (fear and/or anxiety) interaction might be involved in OCD and that a fear of negative events might play a role in the etiology of OCD.