bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Effect of Task Complexity and Knowledge on Audit Considerations with Experience as a Moderator
Authors: Kurniawan I Gde Fajar , Muawanah Umi , Setia Kohar Adi
Published: February 2025

Audit judgment practiced by professional auditors has always been an interesting topic in both accounting practice and literature. Given the significance of audit judgment in the field of accounting, it is unsurprising that numerous studies have attempted to identify the factors influencing it. Previous research has yielded varied findings on the impact of task complexity and auditor knowledge on audit judgment. This research aims to examine the effect of task complexity on audit judgment, the impact of auditor knowledge on audit judgment, the moderating effect of auditor experience in the relationship between task complexity and audit judgment, as well as between auditor knowledge and audit judgment. The research adopted a quantitative approach, utilizing a survey process through questionnaires. The study population consisted of auditors from 70 Public Accounting Firms in East Java, as listed in the IAPI Directory 2021. To ensure the appropriateness of the analytical method,, validity, reliability, and descriptive statistics were applied. Statistical research techniques included multiple linear regression analysis using SPSS 26. The findings reveal that task complexity significantly and negatively influences audit judgment, auditor knowledge significantly and positively influences audit judgment, and auditor experience moderates the effects of both task complexity and auditor knowledge on audit judgment.
Analisis Deiksis pada Novel Sa'atu Al-Baghdad Karya Shahad Al-Rawi
Authors: Hazzlah Arlidiyah , Mawardi Mawardi , Mardiansyah Yadi
Published: February 2025

This study aims to explore the use of deixis of persona, time, and place in the novel Sa'atu Al-Baghdad by Shahad Al-Rawi. Understanding the use of deixis in Arabic literary works helps prevent misunderstandings in communication in the Arab world. This research is a qualitative research. The approach used in this research refers to the theory of deixis according to George Yule, which includes persona deixis, time deixis, and place deixis. Data collection in this research uses the listening method followed by note-taking technique. Data analysis technique in this research uses content analysis method. The result of this research shows the forms of deixis in Sa'atu Al-Baghdad novel by Shahad Al-Rawi such as persona deixis, time deixis, and place deixis. In persona deixis, there are uses such as ت (me), ن (us), أنتِ (you women), كم (you guys), إنها (him), and ون/عوا/هم (them), which describe the relationship between characters and their position in the story. Time deixis includes words like بعد قليل (a little later), هذا اليوم (that day), and أحيانا (sometimes), which provide a clear temporal orientation in the narrative. Meanwhile, place deixis includes تحت (below), هناك (there), أمام (in front), فوق (above), هنا (here), and في هذا المكان (here), which enriches the depiction of the story setting. The use of deixis in this novel serves not only as a linguistic element, but also as an effective pragmatic tool to build narrative depth, emotional connection, and relevant cultural context for readers. This research provides new insights in understanding the role of deixis in Arabic literary works and its importance in intercultural communication.
Pemanfaatan Warisan Budaya Ke’te’ Kesu’ Dalam Pembelajaran Sejarah di SMA Negeri 1 Toraja Utara
Authors: Setiamin Asnah , Jumadi Jumadi , Ahmadin Ahmadin , Najamuddin Najamuddin
Published: February 2025

This study focuses on three main topics: the suitability of Ke’te’ Kesu’ as a medium for teaching history at SMA Negeri 1 Toraja Utara, the forms of historical learning media available at Ke’te’ Kesu’, and the implications of utilizing Ke’te’ Kesu’ as a medium for teaching history at the same school. Using a descriptive qualitative research method combined with a historical approach that includes four stages heuristics, criticism, interpretation, and historiography. Research results show that Ke’te’ Kesu’ is relevant to the curriculum and learning objectives. It is authentic and original, offers pedagogical potential to stimulate students' interest and motivation, and provides access to diverse learning media and practical aspects. Additionally, it is strategically located, safe, comfortable, and supported by adequate facilities. The forms of historical learning media found at Ke’te’ Kesu’ include Tongkonan (traditional houses), granaries, rante and menhirs, museums, and stone graves. The utilization of Ke’te’ Kesu’ has significant implications for students, teachers, and schools.Keywords: Ke’te’ Kesu, Learning Media, History Learning.
Ideological and Thematic Originality in Languages of Different Systems
Authors:   Dagestan State University, Magomedova A.
Published: February 2025

For the first time, paremiological material of the Avar language is introduced into scientific circulation. The work is carried out in a linguocultorological aspect. Such analysis of paremio­logical units, which are the source of ethnocultural information, makes it possible to identify and describe their national-cultural characteristics. The material of the research is associated with the problem of “ethnos — language — culture — mentality”, which makes the results obtained significant not only for linguistics itself, but also for the sciences bordering on linguistics. The paper considers the concept-forming lexical units, which are symbols of unity, warmth and comfort, forming the corresponding paremiological images and updating the concepts of FAMILY and HOME. Attention is drawn to various culture codes, which are the basis for the formation of paremiological images. The obtained results are new due to the fact that the Avar paremiological units expressing the concepts HOME, FAMILY, OCHAG were not subject of a special study. The reliability of the obtained results is ensured by linguistic analysis of the actual material extracted from the corresponding dictionaries. The analysis of the corresponding Avar paremiological units is carried out by a continuous sam­ple from the book “Avar Proverbs and Sayings”. The material for the study were Avar paremiological units. When examining pare­miological units, a descriptive and comparative method is used.
Assessing Drought Stress on Rice Productivity and Livelihoods in Three Localities of the Logon Basin
Authors: Obenebangha Bate Mbi  , Kumboh Ivodia Tiazie  , Nkwemoh Clement Anguh  , Nji Juliet Karba
Published: February 2025

Climate related stresses have continued to threaten water availability, food security, and livelihoods in semi-arid regions. This study targets the impacts of drought stress on rice productivity in a bid to assess the strategies households employ to cope with these effects in three localities within the Logon Basin in Cameroon. Utilising a mixed-methods approach, the research involves collecting data from primary and secondary sources. The method thus entailed the administration of questionnaires to Households, participatory field observations, key informant interviews, and focus group discussions. Data also came from publications from the libraries and the Ministries of Agriculture, amongst others. Meanwhile, the correlation between drought stress and rice productivity and the frequency and severity of droughts were realised using the Standardised Precipitation and Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI).
Results show a general increase in temperature and a decrease in rainfall over the years, with dry conditions occurring more frequently than wet ones. Between 1983 and 2023, the area experienced dry conditions 78.05% of the time compared to only 21.95% for wet conditions, with droughts becoming increasingly common and severe in recent years. Lower SPEI values were significantly linked to decreased rice yields, underscoring the detrimental effects of drought on rice productivity. The impacts of drought extended beyond agriculture, significantly affecting livelihoods. A moderate, statistically significant negative relationship existed between SPEI and rice yields. The negative regression coefficient of 362.092 shows that with each decrease in SPEI (indicating dryer conditions), rice yields decrease by approximately 362.092 tonnes, and the quadratic regression analysis shows that optimal SPEI values for rice yields ranged from 1.5 to 2.5. High percentages of human lives were lost, along with livestock mortality, malnutrition, and crop failures. In response to these challenges, households adopted various coping strategies, such as changing crop varieties, selling livestock, and adjusting their planting dates. However, the study identified substantial barriers to effective adaptation, including financial constraints and limited access to irrigation. Only 34% of respondents used irrigation structures despite their potential benefits in drought-prone areas. These findings highlight the urgent need for targeted climate planning and policy interventions in Sub-Saharan Africa, particularly given the geographical variability of climatic stressors. The study advocates for enhancing the adaptive capacity of local communities to manage current and future drought impacts better, urging policymakers and local drought control committees to prioritise these strategies in the Far North Region of Cameroon.
Evaluation of clinical findings in cases of child sexual abuse
Authors: İzci Abdülkadir , Kurtuluş Dereli Ayşe , Acar Kemalettin
Published: February 2025

Background. Child sexual abuse (CSA) is a severe problem with physical, emotional, social, moral, cultural, and legal dimensions, which is estimated to be quite common worldwide.
Methods. In this retrospective study including 262 CSA cases admitted to our outpatient clinic between 2013 and 2022, we examine the characteristics of the victim and the abuse and examination findings in cases of CSA.
Results. In our study, most of the victims were females over the age of 12, and most of the suspects were known to the child. Approximately half of the incidents (50.1%) occurred in a home. These data are essential in determining the risk factors of CSA cases and in terms of early detection and timely prevention. Vaginal penetration (40.8%) and anal penetration (32.4%) are frequently present in the history of CSA victims. A history of vaginal penetration was associated with acute and healed laceration findings in the hymen (p
Value of ultrasound in predicting the outcome of conservative treatment of testicular appendage torsion in children
Authors: Wu Dongling , Wang Chanjuan , Yang Xiuzhen , Ye Jingjing , Mao Jianhua
Published: February 2025

Background: The treatment modalities for testicular appendage torsion in children are classified as conservative or surgical, and the choice is controversial.
Objectives: This study aimed to identify ultrasound-based indicators influencing the outcome of conservative treatment in children with testicular appendage torsion to divide the boundaries between conservative and surgical management.
Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on testicular appendage torsion data of children from November 2022 and November 2023 in the Children’s Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine to compare the conservatively successful and conservatively unsuccessful groups’ clinical and ultrasound characteristics. Furthermore, we constructed a logistic regression model and evaluated its predictive ability.
Results: We observed 405 (88.62%) and 52 (11.38%) cases of conservative success and failure, respectively. Univariate analysis indicated significant differences between these groups in testicular appendage torsion nodule size, terminology for hydrocele, scrotal wall edema, and increased epididymal blood flow (p
Hogtown Diary I
Authors: Macdonald Andrew
Published: February 2025

Emerge just shy of a culvert on the valley floor,dart across yellow-lined (park)way,monkey over a fence and drop down beside a moist bed of reeds,border of an abandoned rail line.All vigour and curiosity.Gingerly slippin' through eye-high cattails, crossin' cut-gravel and twin steel spines:Union Station curvatures.
[...]
Making Space for Stories
Authors: Leech Angus
Published: February 2025

Human communities are inherently, intrinsically storied. The statement is at once obvious and in need of elaboration. That communities are composed of individuals and groups who tell each other stories almost goes without saying. Yet the role of these stories in influencing the interactions, identities and worldviews which exist within, and essentially define communities is a matter for some ponderance, and perhaps inestimable importance.
[...]
When Your Mouth Says Yes and Your Body Says No
Authors: Ciraco Danny
Published: February 2025

Before language, before writing, before any formalized communication process, there was, and continues to be, nonverbal communication. [...]
Breast Carcinoma disguised as Systemic Sclerosis: A case report of unusual Paraneoplastic Syndrome
Authors: Mina Alfred Patrick Dionisio , Bonci Eduard-Alexandru , Louro Tatiana
Published: February 2025

A 70-year-old female initially presented in the clinic for a history of skin thickening, fatigue, weight loss, shortness of breath, and Raynaud’s phenomenon. She consulted an immunologist, and the workup revealed a positive test for antinuclear antibody and anti-polymerase III antibody. A diagnosis of systemic sclerosis (SSc) was made due to the presence of a non-specific interstitial change pattern on the thoracic computed tomography scan. The patient was initially treated with steroids and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. However, the disease progressed, and treatment was shifted to mycophenolate mofetil and nintedanib. Two years after the diagnosis, she developed five liver nodules, which were positive for carcinoma of breast cancer origin, hence the diagnosis of metastatic breast carcinoma. The first line of treatment with ribociclib and letrozole was initiated. Six months after the oncologic treatment initiation, there was a significant clinical improvement in the symptoms, partial response of the liver nodules with no metabolic expression, and stable lung interstitial changes. At present, the patient continues her breast cancer and SSc maintenance treatment. The lack of response to conventional SSc therapy but improvement with the underlying malignancy treatment suggests the case’s possible paraneoplastic origin. This case report may further improve awareness of the natural course of the disease, preventing a potential cancer treatment delay.
Analysis of the diversity of the shape of the medial angle of the eye in patients with blepharophimosis syndrome using the method of geometric morphometry
Authors:   S.N. Fedorov NMRC «MNTK «Eye Microsurger y» Federal State Institution, Moscow, Russian Federation, Kataev M.G. , Trofimova I.Y. ,   S.N. Fedorov NMRC «MNTK «Eye Microsurger y» Federal State Institution, Moscow, Russian Federation, Zakharova M.A. ,   S.N. Fedorov NMRC «MNTK «Eye Microsurger y» Federal State Institution, Moscow, Russian Federation, Gorbacheva O.A. ,   Scandinavian Health Center, Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: February 2025

Purpose. Analysis of the diversity and development of classification of the forms of the medial eye angle using the method of geometric morphometry for the subsequent improvement of treatment tactics for patients with BPES syndrome and creation of a differentiated surgical approach.

Material and methods. Medial angle shapes were analyzed on the basis of frontal photographs of patients. The photographs were taken in daylight using a digital camera from the same distance and angle. A total of 40 photographs of patients with BPES syndrome and 20 randomly selected photographs of patients without it were analyzed. The method of geometric morphometry was used to perform the analysis.

Results. Based on the results of the analysis by the PCA principal component method, a graph with two axes and a set of marker points was obtained, each of which indicates the medial corner of each individual patient. All the studied cases can be divided into 4 clearly delimited sets: one set corresponds to a group of angles in patients without BPES syndrome, three sets correspond to patients with BPES syndrome.

Conclusion. Statistical analysis allowed us to identify three significantly different forms of medial angles in BPES syndrome, and also showed significant differences in the forms of medial angles in patients with BPES syndrome compared to patients without this syndrome. The obtained results open new possibilities and may become the basis for the development of a differentiated approach to the treatment of such patients.

Key words: blepharophimosis syndrome, palpebral syndrome, medial angle of the eye, inner angle of the eye, geometric morphometry
Сontrasting the lacrimal pathways during cone-beam tomography of the paranasal sinuses
Authors:   Ufa Research Institute of Eye Diseases, BSMU of the Ministr y of Health of the Russian Federation, Uf , Russia, Kuzbekov S.R. , Arslangareeva I.I. ,   Ufa Research Institute of Eye Diseases, BSMU of the Ministr y of Health of the Russian Federation, Uf , Russia, Abdullin V.R. ,   Ufa Research Institute of Eye Diseases, BSMU of the Ministr y of Health of the Russian Federation, Uf , Russia
Published: February 2025

Purpose. To evaluate the results of cone–beam computed tomography of the paranasal sinuses with simultaneous contrast with a solution of tear ducts, using the proposed method, in patients with chronic dacryocystitis.

Material and methods. In 23 patients (23 eyes) with chronic purulent dacryocystitis, CBCT of ONP with simultaneous contrast of tear ducts with a colored solution was performed for diagnostic purposes. Then, all patients underwent transcanalicular laser endoscopic dacryocystorinostomy (TLED).

Results. CT scans obtained using a colored contrast solution showed an informative picture due to the maximum filling of the tear ducts, which was also visually confirmed by the appearance of a blue solution from the lacrimal point.

Conclusion. The effectiveness of the proposed tear ducts contrast method was confirmed by the analysis of tomographic images taking into account the individual characteristics of each patient and subsequent successful (in 100% of cases) TLED using various stenting options.

Keywords: dacryocystitis, diagnosis, cone–beam computed tomography, contrast solution stained with trypan blue
Challenges in artificial intelligence management – selected aspects
Authors: Zaorski-Sikora Łukasz , Braniewicz-Zaorska Oktawia Ewa , Olaosebikan Oluwadoyinsolami
Published: February 2025

Artificial intelligence is reshaping our world, merging human consciousness with technology through tools like virtual reality, augmented reality, and brain-computer interfaces. These innovations blur the line between physical and digital realms, challenging traditional notions of subjectivity and opening pathways for self-expression and cognitive enhancement. AI is not just a neutral tool but a human invention influencing daily life with virtual assistants, personalized recommendations, and autonomous vehicles.
However, its rapid growth raises critical legal and ethical challenges, including data privacy, algorithm accountability, transparency, and its impact on employment. These issues demand new regulations across Europe, the USA, and globally. Collaboration among scientists, policymakers, and stakeholders is essential to maximize AI’s societal benefits and ensure ethical development in this dynamic technological landscape.
Rowery towarowe w zrównoważonym transporcie miejskim
Authors: Janczewski Jerzy , Janczewska Danuta
Published: February 2025

Wykorzystanie rowerów cargo w transporcie, zwłaszcza na odcinku tak zwanej ostatniej mili, staje się coraz bardziej popularne, szczególnie w miastach, gdzie rosnące zatłoczenie ulic, koszty dostaw oraz troska o środowisko skłaniają firmy i władze miejskie do poszukiwania alternatywnych rozwiązań transportowych. W Polsce wzrasta zainteresowanie wykorzystaniem i rozpowszechnianiem rowerów towarowych. Z odpowiednim wsparciem ze strony władz i innowacyjnym podejściem ze strony firm rowery dostawcze mogą stać się ważnym elementem miejskiej logistyki, a perspektywy ich wdrożenia w transporcie miejskim rysują się obiecująco, zwłaszcza w kontekście rosnącego nacisku na zrównoważony rozwój i poprawę jakości życia w miastach. Celem artykułu jest wskazanie na potencjał rowerów cargo w transporcie ładunków w miastach i pokazanie perspektyw wdrożenia tego sposobu transportu w systemie logistyki miejskiej. Aby zrealizować zamierzony cel, zaprezentowano systematykę rowerów dostawczych, przedstawiono ich wady i zalety, dokonano przeglądu literatury i omówiono możliwości wdrożenia rowerów dostawczych w transporcie miejskim. Całość zwieńczono podsumowaniem.
General and Practical C(sp2)−H Borylation of Arenes Using the Dual Reactivity of Benzylic Boronates
Authors: Li Shuhua , Liu Xueting , Li Daojing , Li Guoao , Wei Mengran , Yang Mo , He Linke , Chen Shengda , Li Zhenxing , Gao Liuzhou , Wang Guoqiang
Published: February 2025

An alkali-metal alkoxide-mediated regioselective C−H borylation of (hetero)arenes was reported. The reaction operates under mild conditions and leverages stable, easily accessible benzylic (or allylic) boronate as the boron reagent. It is applicable to a broad range of backbones (indole, furan, pyrrole, benzothiophene, thiophene, aryl ether, etc.). Mechanistic investigation reveals that the C−H borylation reactions proceed through a deprotonative-borylation mechanism with benzylic (or allylic) boronates as bifunctional reagents, which not only serve as carbanion precursors for C−H bond deprotonative metalation but also act as the boron source for subsequent C−B bond formation. This borylation scenario enables predictable and site-selective borylation by targeting the arenes’s most acidic C−H bond. Moreover, the choice of different boronates allows for fine-tuning of the basicity of the in situ generated organometallic species, providing flexible adaption to substrates with varying C−H acidities. We have also applied this strategy to the dehalogenative borylation of aryl bromides.
Antileishmanial and Antitoxoplasmal Activities of 1,4-dihydropyridines
Authors: Oliveira Thaís , Al Nasr Ibrahim , Koko Waleed , Khan Tariq , Daoud Ismail , Rahali Seyfeddine , Amdouni Noureddine , Ben Said Ridha , Crotti Antônio
Published: February 2025

Abstract: We have synthesized 24 1,4-dihydropyridine compounds (1,4-DHPs) with different substituents at the aromatic ring by microwave-assisted one-pot Hantzsch multicomponent reac-tion and evaluated their in vitro activities against Toxoplasma gondii and Leishmania major. We have found that compound 9 ((±)-ethyl 2,7,7-trimethyl-4-(2-nitrophenyl)-5-oxo-1,4,5,6,7,8-hexahydroquinoline-3-carboxylate) is active against L. major amastigotes (IC50 = 10.6 µM), but it is poorly selective for L. major over Vero cells (SI = 1.13) and macrophages (SI = 0.42). Among the evaluated 1,4-DHPs, compound 4 ((±)-ethyl 4-(4-(benzyloxy)phenyl)-2,7,7-trimethyl-5-oxo-1,4,5,6,7,8-hexahydroquinoline-3-carboxylate) is the most active against T. gondii, providing the lowest IC50 (3.1 µM) and the highest selectivity for this parasite (SI = 5.57) over Vero cells. Docking studies revealed that compound 4 has high affinity for the T. gondii target (PDB ID: 4JBV). Furthermore, ADME-T predictions indicated that compound 4 meets the drug-likeness criteria without violating any Lipinski, Vger, or Egan’s rules.
SITE RELIABILITY ENGINEERING IN CLOUD ENVIRONMENTS: STRATEGIES FOR ENSURING HIGH AVAILABILITY AND LOW LATENCY
Authors: Runsewe Oluwayemisi , Osundare Olajide Soji , Folorunsho Samuel Olaoluwa , Akwawa Lucy Anthony
Published: February 2025

Site Reliability Engineering (SRE) has emerged as a critical discipline in cloud environments, focused on maintaining high availability, low latency, and overall system reliability. This review explores the strategies and practices that SRE teams employ to achieve these objectives. Central to SRE in cloud environments is the integration of automation, monitoring, and proactive incident management. By leveraging infrastructure as code (IaC) and continuous integration/continuous deployment (CI/CD) pipelines, SRE teams can automate repetitive tasks, reduce human error, and ensure consistent deployment processes. Additionally, the use of advanced monitoring tools and real-time analytics allows for the early detection of potential issues, enabling rapid response and minimizing downtime. Another key strategy is the implementation of scalable architectures that can dynamically adjust to varying load demands, thus maintaining optimal performance and low latency during peak times. Furthermore, the adoption of chaos engineering practices enables SRE teams to identify system weaknesses and improve resilience by simulating failures in controlled environments. The review also highlights the importance of a collaborative culture between development and operations teams, facilitated by SRE, which fosters continuous improvement and innovation. By integrating these strategies, organizations can enhance the reliability, performance, and scalability of their cloud-based applications, ensuring a seamless user experience. This study underscores the vital role of SRE in achieving operational excellence in cloud environments, particularly in maintaining high availability and low latency.
THE ROLE OF MACHINE LEARNING ALGORITHMS IN ENHANCING THE ACCURACY AND THE RELIABILITY OF FACIAL IDENTITY, VERIFICATION IN ONLINE ASSESSMENT
Authors: Adetunji Temitope Oluwafunmilayo
Published: February 2025

This study scrutinizes exactly how machine learning algorithms can considerably advance the accuracy and reliability of facial identity verification systems used in online examinations. the paper examines how different machine learning (ML) methods are integrated into AI-powered facial recognition systems and assess how well they work to improve accuracy and resilience through a thorough investigation. The algorithms’ effectiveness was evaluated in several contexts and the way they might advance safe user authentication in online learning settings. This study shed more light the innovative potential of machine learning in strengthening the safety and integrity of online examinations by examining existing developments and addressing future concerns. Furthermore, we contribute to the discussion around machine learning in learning technology by emphasizing the importance of the underlying further promoting accuracy and reliability. By applying ML technologies, one may achieve a reliable and organized verification process in the digital learning environment (DLE). To wrap up, this study emphasizes the importance of such machine learning achievements as a more reliable and safe ground for online testing. This achievement will contribute to better education and academic activity with regard to the scholarly integrity.
MACHINE LEARNING ALGORITHMS IN FACIAL IDENTITY VERIFICATION FOR COMPUTER-BASED ASSESSMENTS
Authors: Adetunji Temitope Oluwafunmilayo
Published: February 2025

This review paper analyses the utilization of machine learning algorithm in facial identity verification of computer-based assessments. Through the use of facial recognition, this project aims to increase security by letting a customer know who is actually using the system. Only authorized customers are able to enter the framework. Neural learning approaches for face recognition can be used for feature extraction and training modules. Furthermore, a lot of people use similar methods to extract information from photographs of people. Certain detection systems can perform full body scans, as well as iris and finger print recognition. The purpose of these systems’ deployment is safety and security. In this study, we examine many facial recognitions machine learning techniques. Four supervised machine-learning classifiers for face recognition are taken into consideration: Support Vector Machine (SVM), 1-nearest neighbor (1-NN), Principal Component Analysis (PCA), and Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA). The accuracy with which different categorization schemes can recognize a face is another way in which their efficacy is proven and evaluated. The process of identifying faces of individuals whose photos are kept in databases and made available as datasets is known as face recognition. Numerous tests carried out using these datasets. Which machine learning method is the best in terms of picture detection accuracy is made evident by the comparative study. Even if there are other very successful identification techniques, face recognition has remained a prominent area of study interest because it is a simple and non-intrusive way for people to identify themselves. The results of this study could be helpful in determining the best machine-learning method to improve the accuracy of facial recognition.
Sexual initiation and sexual health behaviours among young adults in Ireland
Authors: Nolan Anne , Smyth Emer
Published: February 2025

The experience of sexual intercourse for the first time is a significant life event, and influenced by a range of individual, cultural and societal factors. Age of first sexual initiation is a major area of policy and research focus, as the circumstances of first sex (e.g. whether contraception was used, whether it was perceived to have occurred ‘at the right time’), and the consequences of first sex for later outcomes (e.g. diagnoses of sexually transmitted infections (STIs), early parenthood), have important implications for health and wellbeing. In this report, we use data from the ’98 Cohort of Growing Up in Ireland (GUI), the national longitudinal study of children and young people in Ireland, to examine the factors associated with age of sexual initiation among young adults, and the way in which age of first sex influences the circumstances of first sex and selected outcomes. Age and circumstances of first sex, and selected outcomes, are all based on data collected during the fourth wave of data collection for the ’98 Cohort of GUI, when the young people were 20 years of age.
Promoting a nationwide collective response: lessons from the Social Activity Measure during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Lunn Pete , Timmons Shane , Robertson Deirdre
Published: February 2025

This report makes use of a unique data-set, the Social Activity Measure (SAM), which was collected fortnightly over an 18-month period during the COVID-19 pandemic from January 2021 to June 2022. The aim of the analysis presented is to derive lessons for any future situations where the Government (and society more broadly) faces a situation that demands coordinated, national collective action, in the face of a threat.

SAM adapted an established psychological method, the Day Reconstruction Method, to record people’s daily behaviour in detail, together with their background characteristics and a range of psychological variables designed to measure their perceptions of the pandemic and attitudes towards it. The study was administered anonymously, online, to a nationally representative sample of 1,000 people in Ireland every two weeks.

The data consist of 36,000 surveys completed by over 8,000 different adults, who were recruited through two pre-existing online panels of survey respondents. The methods for constructing online survey panels entail possible selection effects, so two different panels were alternated over the 18-month period and cross-checks for consistency undertaken. Controls were also introduced to account for possible effects of repeat responding.
Surnames of the ukrainian population as a tool of population and genetic research
Authors: Atramentova L.O. , Shuba V.V. , Gorpinchenko M.Yu.
Published: February 2025

The article presents the results of population genetic research, Execution with the help of surnames. It is proved that Ukrainian surnames meet the previous requirements for them as a tool of population genetic research: the stench is stably inherited for more than ten generations by patrilineal type; semantics and morphology are the most diverse in the world; unevenly distributed throughout the country, differing in history, demographic processes, anthropological types of population, the distribution of biological markers. According to the correlation coefficients between the weight of the ethnic group in the population and the number of ethnic surnames, a direct connection was found. There is also a direct link between the matrix of genetic distances calculated by blood groups, haplogroups of the Y chromosome and distances by surnames. A rather strong connection of surnames with genetic markers provides a basis for extrapolating the values obtained with the help of surnames to the gene pool of the population. The distribution of the 20 most frequent surnames in different regions is shown. Calculated indicators that reflect the structure of the population and the genetic processes that take place in them: index of isonymy Ir, diversity α, inbreeding Fst, migration ν, order H and redundancy distribution R. These indicators are compared between populations in geographical and hierarchical location. The isonymy index shows a clear gradient that increases in the direction from the southeast to the northwest. Other indicators also change their value quite clearly from the South-East to the North-West directions. At lower levels of the population structure, the differential ability of indicators calculated by surnames increases. At the level of district populations, Identifying the founder's effect is analogous to genetic drift, which is particularly clearly demonstrated by the index of the place Ip. The distribution of population indicators is explained by historical events and demographic processes that have taken place in the history of the country.
The distribution of branchiobdellidan worms (Annelida: Clitellata) on the noble crayfish, Astacus astacus, in the Transcarpathian region, Ukraine
Authors: Shrestkha M. , Utevsky S.
Published: February 2025

This study explores the distribution, abundance, and diversity of branchiobdellidans on freshwater crayfish in the Zakarpattia (Transcarpathian) region of Ukraine, focusing on populations in the Tereblya River and Lake Synevir. Surveys were conducted over the summer seasons of 2008, 2009, 2017, and 2022, examining a total of 68 noble crayfish (Astacus astacus Linnaeus, 1758). Four branchiobdellidan species were identified: Branchiobdella parasita (Braun, 1805), B. balcanica Moszynski, 1937, B. pentadonta Whitman, 1882, and B. hexadonta Gruber, 1883. This study presents the first records of B. hexadonta in Ukraine, expanding on the previously recorded presence of B. parasita and B. balcanica. Among the species observed, B. balcanica was the most prevalent, comprising 83% of the branchiobdellidans on individual crayfish in Lake Synevir and 64% in the Tereblya River. This species primarily occupied the claws, thoracic legs, and bases of the antennules, with cocoons mostly located in the lower cervical grooves. B. pentadonta was less frequent, accounting for 10% and 15% of branchiobdellidan specimens in Lake Synevir and the Tereblya River, respectively, and generally cohabited the same body regions as B. balcanica. B. hexadonta, detected exclusively in Lake Synevir, was found within the gill chambers and represented only 3% of the total branchiobdellidans. Visible damage to some gill filaments suggests that this species may exhibit parasitic behavior. B. parasita, known for its considerable size and widespread presence across native European crayfish populations, accounted for approximately 21% of the branchiobdellidan specimens. It was commonly found on the eyes, maxillipeds, and lateral sides of the cephalothorax. This species displayed protective behavior around its cocoons, actively moving to shield them. In comparison, the recently described B. bulgariensis, identified in Bulgaria, differs from B. parasita primarily in spermathecal structure and is associated with A. torrentium. In this study, our samples exhibited distinct spermathecal structures from both B. bulgariensis and B. parasita, indicating potential taxonomic variation that needs further investigation through molecular genetic analysis. In this study, we enhance the existing descriptions of branchiobdellidan species by providing detailed morphological and anatomical parameters. Our findings are based on both original species descriptions and our own research contributing to the understanding of the diversity and morphology of European branchiobdellidans.
SYSTEM OF END-TO-END INTERNAL CONTROL BASED ON ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN AGROSPHERE ORGANIZATIONS
Authors:   Russian State University for the Humanities, Katkov Yuriy N. , Romanova Anastasia A. ,   Russian State University for the Humanities, Smychkov Semyon I. ,   Aval Audit Firm LLC, Shalaev Pavel D. ,   Aval Audit Firm LLC
Published: February 2025

In the study, the author’s team considers the issues of developing
and testing a system of end-to-end internal control in agricultural organizations using artificial intelligence (AI). In the dynamically changing market
environment, such a system becomes a necessary stage for the successful development of agricultural organizations. It allows for effective risk management
and adaptation to unpredictable external and internal factors characteristic
of the agricultural sector. The proposed system of end-to-end internal control
based on AI covers all aspects of the organization’s activities and ensures continuous control throughout the entire technological cycle. It helps to identify
and eliminate issues related to product quality, safety and compliance with
standards in a timely manner.
The use of modern information technologies in the control activities of
agrosphere organizations, proposed in the article, allows for a proactive launch of a mechanism for leveling risks associated with the human factor and continuously monitor the impact of factors of the external and internal business
environment of an economic entity on the basis of operational information and
analytical mechanisms
Finansal Raporlama Standartlarına Uygun Hesap Planının Getirdiği Yeniliklerin Değerlendirilmesi ve Tekdüzen Hesap Planı ile Karşılaştırılması
Authors: Özdemir Nurettin
Published: February 2025

İşletmeler, gerçekleştirdikleri mali nitelikteki işlem ve olayları finansal tablolara aktarmak amacıyla hesap planlarından yararlanmaktadırlar. Türkiye’de finansal tabloların hazırlanmasında, şimdiki ismiyle Hazine ve Maliye Bakanlığı tarafından 26.12.1992 tarihinde yayımlanan ve 1994 yılı itibarıyla yürürlüğe giren 1 Sıra No.lu Muhasebe Sistemi Uygulama Genel Tebliği ekinde yer alan Tekdüzen Hesap Planı (TDHP) kullanılmaktadır. Ancak 2005 yılı itibarıyla Uluslararası Muhasebe / Finansal Raporlama Standartları (UMS/UFRS)’nın yürürlüğe girmesiyle birlikte TDHP yetersiz kalmaya başlamış ve finansal raporlamanın doğru bir şekilde yapılabilmesine engel olmuştur. Bu nedenle, finansal raporlama standartlarına uygun bir hesap planı ihtiyacı ortaya çıkmış ve bu amaçla Kamu Gözetimi, Muhasebe ve Denetim Standartları Kurumu (KGK) tarafından önemli çalışmalar yapılmıştır. Kurum tarafından yapılan çalışmalar sonucunda önce 2018 yılında taslak hesap planı, sonrasında ise 29.07.2024 tarihinde kamuoyu görüş ve önerileri dikkate alınarak hazırlanan Finansal Raporlama Standartlarına Uygun Hesap Planı (FRS HP) yayımlanmıştır. Nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden doküman inceleme tekniği kullanılarak yapılan bu çalışmada, KGK tarafından yayımlanan FRS HP ile TDHP’deki finansal durum tablosu / bilançoda yer alan hesap sınıfları karşılaştırılmış ve iki hesap planı arasındaki farklar incelenmiştir. Çalışmada, TDHP’deki genel yapı üzerine inşa edilen FRS HP’de, finansal raporlama standartlarındaki sınıflandırma, değerleme ve diğer hükümlere uyum sağlamak amacıyla önemli değişiklikler yapıldığı tespit edilmiştir.
Operational programs as a driving force for the development of smart cities in Poland
Authors:   Silesian University of Technology, Faculty of Organization and Management, Department of Economics and Computer Science, Czupryna-Nowak Aleksandra
Published: February 2025

Purpose: This article aims to explain the role of operational programs in developing smart
cities and show how they support the financing of key infrastructure projects. The article
presents how operational programs in smart cities have changed from 2018-2023.
Design/methodology/approach: The article uses a quantitative data analysis approach to
examine the use of operational funds in the largest Polish cities. Data from 2018-2023 were
analyzed regarding the value of operational programs and their impact on infrastructure
development, digitalization, and innovation. Comparative analysis was used to identify cities
leading in the use of funds and to determine what factors may affect the differences in the
financing level.
Findings: The analysis results indicate that operational programs play a key role in developing
smart cities in Poland. It was identified that the largest Polish cities, such as Warsaw, Krakow,
and Rzeszow, use operational funds effectively, contributing to modern infrastructure
development and innovative solutions. The values of operational funds increased in 2018-2023
in all the cities studied, indicating the intensive development of projects related to digitalization,
renewable energy, and modernization of urban infrastructure. Cities such as Rzeszow and
Lublin used the highest operational funds per capita, while Krakow stood out with the fastest
growth rate. The analysis also shows that despite its role as the capital, Warsaw has a lower use
of operational funds per capita than other cities. That may be because projects implemented in
Warsaw are more complex and require a greater outlay of funds, which may affect their pace
of implementation. Sustainable development was noted in cities such as Poznań and Wrocław,
with investments focusing on modernizing public transport, developing intelligent energy
management systems, and improving communication infrastructure.
Originality /value: The originality of this article lies in the analysis of the use of operational
programs in the development of smart cities in Poland.
Keywords: smart cities, GDP, smart city index, operational program.
Category of the paper: Research paper.
THE ROLE OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN ENHANCING FINANCIAL RISK MANAGEMENT
Authors: S Savitha , M V Malini
Published: February 2025

Financial risk management is an essential component of the financial sector, involving the identification, assessment, and mitigation of risks that affect institutions and markets. Recent advancements in Artificial Intelligence (AI) have provided innovative solutions to financial risk management by enhancing decision-making capabilities and enabling more accurate prediction of financial outcomes. This paper explores the role of AI in financial risk management, focusing on its applications, benefits, challenges, and future research directions. The study highlights the impact of machine learning, predictive analytics, and AI-based decision-making systems in identifying risks related to credit, liquidity, fraud, and operational inefficiencies. Furthermore, it examines the potential ethical and regulatory issues that financial institutions must address when adopting AI technologies. The paper concludes that AI will continue to revolutionize the financial sector, offering both opportunities and challenges for risk management professionals and financial institutions.
NEED & IMPORTANCE OF GIRLS VOCATIONAL EDUCATION IN INDIA: AN ANALYTICAL STUDY
Authors: Poonam  , Sharma Kavita
Published: February 2025

Vocational Education has been major concerns in the context of an overall transformation of the educational system in India.Vocational education for girls create self-employment as well as self-respect and self-reliance. Vocational education for girls not only improves the economic condition of the family but also contributes to the GDP of the state/nation. For the economic progress of any nation, it is necessary that all the men and women of the nation take professional education and contribute to the professional development.The importance of girl vocational education in India lies in its ability to address several social issues such as poverty, gender inequality, child marriage, and population growth. Vocational Education can help girls to develop confidence, critical thinking skills, improve their economic prospects, and empower them to make informed life decisions. Taken as a whole we can say vocational education make to the girls self confident (Aatmanirbhar).
PLAUSIBILITY OF FICTIONAL AI COGNITIONS IN ISAAC ASIMOV’S I, ROBOT
Authors: Patrick Callaghan Gerard , Selvam Karuppasamy
Published: February 2025

Artificial Intelligence has become a vital area to explore in literature as significant importance has been given to the development of technologies, particularly computational technologies and robotics. In contemporary reality, it has become important to understand the standards in which Artificial Intelligence operates and functions in various disciplines that make life more efficient and convenient for human beings. Hence, it is essential to understand the limitations of its functions and operations. Science Fiction is an important genre in English Literature that explores possibilities for Artificial Intelligence development through sub-genres like Robotic Dystopias or Utopias, where realities about uncertain futures are assumed and visualized through the author’s imagery and the reader's interpretation. The title “Plausibility of Fictional AI Cognitions in Isaac Asimov’s I, Robot” is the study of the literary work of art by Isaac Asimov to highlight the interpretation made by the author about a 21st century reality in which almost all areas have robots programmed to perform various tasks. In a reality which is reliant on robots, it is extremely important to understand the ethics that govern them. The robots in the fix-up novel seem to be governed by the fictional: “Three Laws of Robotics”. Artificial Intelligence plays a role in the development of every robot’s positronic brain. In the series of stories that Isaac Asimov takes the reader through his work; a greater meaning in the metallic creatures is discovered, that the robots are capable of cognitive function that is hard to differentiate between living human beings. This brings an awareness that there is a plausibility in applying the same ethics pragmatically by understanding the ontological significance of the robot characters in the novel. This will provide scope for areas in philosophy, ethics, ontology and AI cognitive studies that are interdisciplinary and not limited to the field of literature.
Pengembangan LKPD Berbasis Kearifan Lokal untuk Memfasilitasi Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah Pada Materi SPLDV Kelas IX SMP
Authors: Dian Niam Siti Nur , Sridana Nyoman , Novitasari Dwi , Turmuzi Muh.
Published: February 2025

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan Lembar Kerja Peserta Didik (LKPD) berbasis kearifan lokal untuk memfasilitasi kemampuan pemecahan masalah pada materi Sistem Persamaan Linear Dua Variabel (SPLDV) bagi peserta didik kelas IX SMP. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian pengembangan research and development (R&D) menggunakan model 4D yang dikembangkan oleh Thiagarajan yang terdiri dari pendefinisian (define), tahap perancangan (design), tahap pengembangan (develop), dan tahap penyebaran (dissemination). Data yang diperoleh dari penelitian ini adalah data kualitatif dan data kuantitatif. Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah peserta didik kelas IX F di SMPN 1 Wanasaba yang berjumlah 28 orang. Teknik analisis data untuk mengetahui kevalidan, kepraktisan, dan keefektifan LKPD berbasis kearifan lokal yang dikembangkan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa media yang dikembangkan (1) valid dengan skor validitas sebesar 0,925 dengan kategori sangat valid; (2) praktis dengan persentase 85,40% dan memperoleh kategori sangat praktis; (3) efektivitas media diperoleh berdasarkan hasil posttest setelah menggunakan media dan diperoleh kategori efektif dengan persentase ketuntasan klasikal 85,71%. Sehingga dapat dikatakan media yang dikembangkan efektif untuk meningkatkan kemampuan pemecahan masalah peserta didik.