bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Land surface temperature changes in northen parts of bandung basin
Authors: Himayah S , Ridwana R
Published: March 2021

Bandung Basin is unique because it consists of flat to mountainous areas. As in the Northen parts of Bandung Basin, the north is steeply sloped and is located in the Tangkubanparahu volcano and Mount Burangrang. Topographic variations in the Northen parts of Bandung Basin affect vegetation cover and temperature according to the height of the place. Various type in vegetation greenness and temperature can be analyzed by applying remote sensing. The aims of this study are : 1) Identification of land surface temperature in the northen area of Bandung Basin in 1990 - 2018, 2) Estimating the greenness of vegetation in the northen area of the Bandung Basin in 1990 - 2018. The method used is information extraction through multi-temporal remote sensing imagery to obtain land surface temperature and greenness of vegetation in the northen parts of Bandung Basin. The results of this research show temperature is getting hotter in the period of 1990 to 2018 while the greenness of the vegetation is decreasing, as indicated by forest vegetation, pine forests, tea plantations, grass, rice fields, and bushes increasing LST values and decreasing SR values. In contrast to agriculture, SRI values actually increase with LST. This can be caused by changes in agriculture to other land cover, or the type of plant is changes. It is recommended that the northen parts of the Bandung Basin should maintain the greenness of the vegetation to control the stability of the temperature because most types of vegetation have increased LST and decreased SRI especially in urban areas.
Geotourism in west bandung regency to promote citatah-saguling aspiring geopark
Authors: Wulung S R P , Adriani Y , Brahmantyo B , Rosyidie A
Published: March 2021

Citatah-Saguling is part of the Bandung Basin region, which has geodiversity as a tourist attraction. Biodiversity and cultural diversity in the Citatah-Saguling area are related to geodiversity processes and forms that can support the development of geotourism in the Citatah-Saguling area. This study introduces geotourism development to promote aspiring geopark. Using cases in Citatah and Saguling Region, West Bandung Regency, this study identifies tourist attractions based on geodiversity, biodiversity, dan cultural diversity aspects. Furthermore, mapping and grouping of geotourism in the Citatah-Saguling area are based on integrates physical conditions with local government policies, destination systems, and transportation networks. The approach used is based on primary and secondary data. Data analysis method using qualitative analysis, content analysis, and map analysis, and equipped with a qualitative descriptive analysis method. The study found that the spatial model in Citatah-Saguling geotourism development is divided into two tourism areas with Karst Citatah and Ancient Citarum themes. The distribution of tourist attractions in Citatah-Saguling includes 19 geodiversity-based, 2 biodiversity-based, and 9 based on cultural diversity. This paper ends with a destination mapping and practical implications of the findings.
Edutourism development model in unesco global geopark ciletuh palabuhanratu sukabumi district
Authors: Arrasyid R , Urfan F , Darsiharjo  , Ruhimat M , Setiawan I , Logayah D S
Published: March 2021

This study aims to model the development of edutourism at the UNESCO Global Geopark (UGG) Ciletuh Palabuhanratu, Sukabumi Regency. The sample of the study area was Ciemas Subdistrict, Waluran Subdistrict, and Ciracap Subdistrict. Human samples of this study were divided into two groups, namely inhabitants and communities. The number of respondents involved was 126 people (inhabitants) and 3 people (representatives from three communities). There are three variables studied, that is: (1) inhabitants and community involvement in the development of the UGG Ciletuh Palabuhanratu; (2) inhabitants and community support for UGG Ciletuh Palabuhanratu edutourism activities; and (3) the role of inhabitants and community in the development of the UGG Ciletuh Palabuhanratu. Data collection techniques are interviews and questionnaires. Data obtained were analyzed quantitatively descriptive based on research variables. The results obtained are a model for the development of edutourism in the UGG Ciletuh Palabuhanratu which focuses on the role of the inhabitants and the community, increasing social capital, and patterns of regional development. The model will be used as a basis in the process of developing edutourism initiated by the community and supported by the community. The implementation of this model is expected to increase the independence of the community in managing the geopark area as a tourist destination.
Environmental sustainability engagement practices among youths in Muallim District, Perak, Malaysia
Authors: Mahat H , Hashim M , Saleh Y , Nayan N , Norkhaidi S B , Mohamad N F
Published: March 2021

The study aimed to examine environmental sustainability practices among youths in Muallim District, Perak, Malaysia. This study applied a quantitative method comprising questionnaires with 400 youths aged 19 to 40. A simple random sampling method was used to divide the respondents into groups of two. Most variables (including knowledge, values and skills) were at high levels, but the environmental sustainability skills variable was only at a moderate level, with a mea score between 2.34 until 3.66. The findings also revealed a strong significant relationship between knowledge, values and environmental sustainability skills and environmental sustainability practices (p<0.05). The regression findings showed that environmental sustainability knowledge, environmental sustainability values and environmental sustainability skills contributed a total of 38.3 percent of variance change to environmental sustainability practices, with environmental sustainability knowledge being the greatest contributor at 31.5 percent, environmental sustainability at 5 percent and environmental sustainability skills at 1.8 percent (R2 =.383, F(1, 339)=81.846, p<.05). This indicates that overall environmental engagement practices were influenced by individual sustainability skills. In fact, environmental knowledge not create awareness among youths to apply practices that lead to environmental sustainability; rather, the skills possessed and acquired by youths can lead to their engagement in environmental sustainability practices.
Building citizen environmental consciousness as an effort to create an independent and cultured village with nawacita conception
Authors: Rizal A S , Logayah D S , Kembara M D
Published: March 2021

Currently, citizen consciousness in environmental conservation becomes important. As population growth increases, environmental damage becomes increasingly out of control. The lack of citizen consciousness of this environment occurs not only in a particular group of people, but also in all circles. Both occur at the household level, small forest encroachment communities, and at the level of large scale organizations such as companies. This condition illustrates the need for people to protect the environment and be conscious of the existence of the environment. An independent and cultured village is one of the efforts in providing education and environmental consciousness to people who have nawacita conception. The approach used in this study is qualitative approach. It provides information that can be obtained in a focused and in-depth manner. The method is done in a descriptive manner that can phenomenally bring out prominent things related to environmental consciousness in Sukasari Kidul Village community. The results of the study obtained that the village community of Sukasari Kidul still has low consciousness of environmental management. This is influenced by factors of ignorance, poverty, humanity and lifestyle of Sukasari Kidul Village community.
Strategy of farmer households to survive in the gembong watershed, karanganyar regency, central java, indonesia
Authors: Noviani R , Setiawan E
Published: March 2021

Farmers as inferior professions need a strategy to fulfill their needs. Survival strategies are carried out by adjusting the characteristics of farmers’ welfare from physical, social and economic aspects. This study aims to determine the characteristics and survival strategies of farmer households in the Gembong Watershed, Karanganyar Regency, Indonesia. The method used in this study is scoring and qualitative descriptive analysis. Scoring method is used to assess farmers welfare characteristics from ‘physical, social, economic aspects and access to public facilities’ of farmer households. And, qualitative descriptive is used to reveal the strategies used by farmer households to fulfill their needs. The results of this study show 25% of farmers have a good level of well-being, 75% are moderate and 0% are less. And, the strategy to fulfill the needs for survival used by farmers includes active, passive and network strategies. Variations in the types of strategies used are influenced by the level of welfare of farmer households.
Green development based on local wisdom: a study of kuta’s indigenous house, ciamis
Authors: Dede M , Nurbayani S , Ridwan I , Widiawaty M A , Anshari B I
Published: March 2021

Indonesia has a cultural diversity and many potential disasters. Human response to the surrounding environment creates local wisdom in harmony with nature as part of preserve environmental quality, one of which is known from indigenous houses existence. This study aims to analyse a green development concept based on local wisdom of Kampung Kuta’s indigenous house in Ciamis, West Java. The green development concept was revealed through socio-cultural facts based on lexicon data on indigenous house building with a eco-cultural approach. The study found 36 lexicons from Kuta’s indigenous house which are divided into the upper, middle, and lower parts of the building, where all the lexicons are noun according to their functions and meanings. Green development at the Kuta’s indigenous house was found at the stage of obtaining and selecting, storing, and reprocessing the building materials consisting of bamboo, wood, palm fibres, leaves, and stones. The green development of Kuta’s indigenous house is oriented to the use of sustainable material that only comes from the surrounding. The green development concept in indigenous house signifies harmony with nature to sustain the needs of future generations.
Study of the merapi volcano eruption and the impact on community agricultural landuse in sleman regency
Authors: Aji A , Benardi A I , Setyaningsih W , P Yohanes K D I A
Published: March 2021

This research was conducted with the aim to determine the distribution of agricultural areas affected by the eruption of Volcano Merapi and how the forms of mitigation and adaptation of farming communities in Sleman Regency. The study was conducted in the agricultural land area in Sleman Regency which began with conducting a survey in the field to obtain data related to the area of agricultural land affected and potentially affected by the Merapi eruption, then the research team conducted interviews with farmers regarding the impact of eruption on agricultural land. Not to forget, the research team will also calculate the losses incurred. The next step taken by the research team is processing measurement data, imagery, and maps to produce new maps. These steps will lead to the publication of disaster mitigation studies on the eruption of Volcano Merapi for agricultural land in Sleman Regency. Conclusion This research is an effort to increase the capacity of communities around Volcano Merapi if at one time they face an eruption disaster in general, still at a low level, mitigation of structural and non-structural disasters in the disaster of eruption in general is not optimal. Physical development in the effort to reduce disaster risk is still not available, as well as non-structural mitigation efforts through awareness and education efforts are also not good categories.
Rainwater harvesting as social capital for urban water supply: mitigation of floods and droughts.
Authors: Triyono  , Maryono A , Fandeli C , Setyono P
Published: March 2021

The Yogyakarta Urban Areas (YUA) has the highest population density in the Special Region of Yogyakarta. In its establishment as a city center, YUA is not only a residential area but also a commercial area which encourages land conversion. Changes in land use lead to a reduction in water catchment areas that have a major influence on the sustainability of groundwater reserves. This study aims to examine people’s perceptions as social capital towards rainwater harvesting as an alternative to providing clean water. The research approach carried out in this study is based on empirical conditions found in the field. Data collection is done by questionnaire method while the data analysis used is descriptive qualitative to conduct studies on public perceptions. The results of the study show that people’s perceptions are influenced by social environmental conditions. Most people do not want to harvest rain water, assuming that rainwater has worse quality compared to well water and water from PDAM sources. The need for efforts to raise awareness of the role of the community as social capital in providing reliable and sustainable clean water through rainwater harvesting
Analysis of salt water distribution in the borobudur plain
Authors: Setyowati D L , Setyaningsih W , Santoso B A
Published: March 2021

Research objectives: mapping the distribution of salt water and knowing the causes of saltwater in the Borobudur Plain. The research population was in the form of community well water, in 6 villages around the Borobudur plain of Magelang Regency. The research variables included the distribution of well water quality (sodium, acid, chloride, salinity, total dissolve solid/TDS) and impact water quality to the community. The results of the study, the distribution of ground water quality in terms of different physical and chemical properties. Candirejo village from the physical and chemical aspects did not match the quality standard, the content of sodium 353-568 mg/l and strong acid content in the form of chloride ranged from 809.9-1639.5 mg/l, while physically DHL at Candirejo ranged from 1,612-3,546 mhos/cm and TDS 1522-1749 mg/l. The best water quality is found in the village of Bumiharjo in terms of both physical and chemical aspects. The cause of salt water in Borobudur Plain was: ground water dominated by alkalis and strong acids with chemical compounds NaCl type of group sulfate water that taste salty and groundwater is dominated by alkaline earth and weak acids, namely water with type (b) semi bicarbonate type.
Analysis Of The Effectiveness Of The Retention Pool As Flood Control
Authors: Juliandar M
Published: March 2021

Flooding is a condition where there is no water in the drainage canal (times) or impeded flow of water in the drainage canal. Flooding is part of the management of more specific water resources to control flood discharge generally through flood control dams, or improvement of carrier systems (rivers, drainage) and prevention of potentially damaging things by managing land use and flood areas. Retention pool is one of the ways that is used to overcome flooding, but with the existence of retention ponds it does not guarantee that the area is protected from flooding, so it needs to be seen the effectiveness of the retention pool to control flooding. The purpose of this study is to obtain alternative flood control handling from the retention pond and obtain the value of the effectiveness of the reservoir for flood control, and the accuracy in the placement of the location of the retention pool. The steps that will be taken to carry out this research are: 1) Looking for supporting theories about retention pools, 2) Determine the parameters of the value of effectiveness of the retention pool that has been made boundary, 3) namely (the volume of storage and determining the location of the placement of retention pools), 4) Look for available data that has been available in previous planning, 5) Analyze the value of the effectiveness of the retention pool which is then written in the form of a thesis.
Effects of cell morphology and electrical properties on electric field and dielectrophoretic force generated in cell exposed to tumor-treating field
Authors: Kurata K , Iwata T , Shimada K , Takamatsu H
Published: March 2021

Tumor-treating field (TTF) therapy has been receiving attention as a new minimally invasive treatment for cancer. In this treatment, an alternating electric field applied to target cells inhibits cell division by a dielectrophoretic force acting on chromosomes and microtubules. Previous studies have shown that an extremely weak electric field of only a few volts per centimeter interferes with chromosome migration and spindle formation. However, the therapeutic range of TTF treatment is still limited. To increase the efficacy of the treatment, the electric field to the target cells must be optimized. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of the electric field frequency, cell morphology, and electrical properties on the outcome of TTF treatment. Three-dimensional finite element models of a sphere and dividing cell were developed, and the distributions of the electric field and dielectrophoretic force were calculated.
Correlation of Pressure Drop in the Sintered Fibrous Porous Tube with Permeability and Friction Coefficient
Authors: Enoki K , Kobayashi T , Watanabe R , Otomo Y , Akisawa A , Yaningsih I , Kristiawan B , Wijayanta A T
Published: March 2021

In order to enhance the heat transfer performance of heat tubes, porous media are often sintered into them. This increases the heat transfer area due to the surface area being increased by the porous media. Our The test apparatus consisted of a double tube structure, and the length was 150 mm. Previous experiments have shown its usefulness and revealed that a breakthrough in the heat exchanger has occurred. For example, air heated to 200 °C and water cooled to 1 °C flowed inside and outside the heat tube, respectively. In tests with conventional heat tubes, air was discharged at 150 °C through the test section. However, in tubes filled with 50 mm of porous medium, air was discharged at 5 °C. In other words, a conventional tube would need to be 100 times as long. We have already proposed a correlation that can accurately predict the heat transfer coefficient regardless of the pipe diameter and filling length. On this study is about understanding the mechanism of pressure drop and constructing an equation, and We have established a method for predicting the pressure drop of a porous body within approximately ±10%.
Implementation of Lean Manufacturing Process to Reduce Waste: A Case Study
Authors: Rahmanasari D , Sutopo W , Rohani J M
Published: March 2021

Excessive waste production is often happening in the inefficient use of resources in manufacturing. There is still some excessive waste found in the electronic components company as a case study. It resulted from the careless use of resources and indirectly weakness their market positioning. The purpose of this paper is to present an implementation of a lean manufacturing process to reduce waste. This study aims to analyze and reduce the waste that occurs using lean manufacturing approaches. The value stream mapping (VSM) and waste relationship matrix (WRM) were applied to describe and to analyze the production flow of waste. Then, a waste assessment questionnaire (WAQ) is used to determine the percentage of waste that occurs. Value Stream Analysis Tools (VALSAT) is used for complete mapping tools. Three methods are considered for determining the feasibility, namely, net present value, internal rate of return, and profitability index. Base on analysis, we choose on the 3rd largest waste to be improved. According to the data analysis, it is found that increasing the number of production machines, carrying out appropriate maintenance activities, increasing training and supervision, and adding work facilities are recommendations for the improved production process. The proposed guidance seems to help the company reduce the seven waste and increase unit production. It is expected that the production process will be more effective and efficient.
Performance of EWMA and ANN-based Schemes in Detection of Denial of Service Attack
Authors: Minn Y , Hassan A
Published: March 2021

To ensure successful implementation of cyber-physical systems, industries require computer networks to be protected from malicious attacks. Despite various intrusion detection techniques being proposed by researchers, computer networks are still vulnerable to attacks. As new attacks becoming more complicated, more research is needed to develop more effective and reliable intrusion detection schemes. This study investigated the exponentially weighted moving average control charting technique for detection of malicious denial of service (DoS) trafic and compared it with artificial neural network (ANN) based scheme. Eight features from the Benchmark KDD Cup99 computer network datasets were extracted and their respective ARL1 and false alarm rate were evaluated. The results suggest that EWMA technique is effective only for selective features and the ANN-based scheme is relatively consistent in handling variability in traffic data. This study opens new opportunities for further investigation to enhance performance of the proposed schemes.
Equipment Replacement Analysis from Manual Line to Automatic Line in Palletizing Activities: A Case Study
Authors: Susanti S D , Sutopo W , Ngadiman N H A
Published: March 2021

A decision situation often encountered by a company is whether an existing asset should be retired from use, continued in service, or replaced with new technology to improve productivity and competitiveness. The purpose of this paper is to present an equipment replacement analysis, an electronic components company. This study aims to analyze three proposed robots to automate the production line as a challenger versus an old manual production line as a defender in palletizing activities. We offered both Market and Technical analysis as well as investment analysis for evaluating an automatic line. Data are analyzed, and four methods are considered for determining project feasibility, namely NPV, IRR, Payback Period, and CBA. According to the data analysis, it is found that Borunte’s robot is the best alternative compare with the others. The proposed framework of equipment analysis seems to be helpful to the company to solve equipment replacement studies.
Indicators of Smart City Using SNI ISO 37122:2019
Authors: Kristiningrum E , Kusumo H
Published: March 2021

In this digital age, many cities compete to invest significantly in designing and developing smart cities projects. In line with this, the development of various indicators that can later be used to measure and evaluate the performance of smart cities is also being developed. Standards are interpreted as a single language that must contribute to supporting the development and assessment of this smart city. The purpose of this paper is to inform the indicators for developing smart cities in supporting sustainable development programs. The method used is a descriptive analysis from secondary data by identifying indicators determined in international and national standards. Found 4028 ISO standards that can be implemented directly to achieve the goal of sustainable development. In terms of support for smart city development, ISO and SNI have issued standards that set 20 sectors and 81 indicators that can be used as guidelines in developing and assessing the maturity of smart cities. There are 7 clauses have been identified in SNI ISO 37122 which are basic mandatory services, and other clauses are additional services Smart city development programs are also supported by various types of regulations from the government, so an assessment scheme approach is needed to see the maturity of smart cities that are evaluated. Further research also needs to be planned and conducted to find out how to implement the identified indicators. With these many indicators, it is also important to determine which steps are the priorities for realizing smart city development.
Strategic Information Systems Planning for Higher Education in Uganda
Authors: Lynn N D , Emanuel A W R
Published: March 2021

Strategic Information Systems Planning (SISP) system is very crucial for service operations and competencies in Higher Education Institutions. Some studies show that SISP enhances competitiveness and improves operational efficiency. Currently, many Institutions of Higher Education all over the world are faced with a lot of significant problems that have hindered their implementation of useful programs such as strategic information systems that would promote quality teaching and learning. Strategic information systems planning is a very important part of the education sector since it aligns Information Technology with business structure, and this helps organizations to quickly reach their desired goals in the shortest time possible. This research aims at introducing the ASWOT analysis method to implement strategic information systems planning in Ugandan Higher Education. This paper benefits Ugandan university leaders and strategists by increasing the awareness and understanding of SISP and its implementation to promote Higher Education systems.
An Optimization Model of Nurse Scheduling Using Goal Programming Method: A Case Study
Authors: Ariyani Meidi Putri , Rosyidi Cucuk Nur , Aisyati Azizah
Published: March 2021

Nurse scheduling problem involves assigning of each individual nurse in the hospital so that a series of tasks can be completed. To increase patient satisfaction, skilled and disciplined nurses are needed. In the field of health care, nurse scheduling is a challenging activity because of the different levels of nurses needed on different shifts and days. However, it often happens where a number of nurses assigned do not meet the specific needs of nurses so that the performance of nurses at each shift is not optimal. In this paper, an optimization model is proposed using goal programming method to determine the optimal schedule using Lingo 11.0 software. The model is implemented in the Yustisia Room, a special room for treating covid-19 inpatients in Universitas Sebelas Maret Hospital. The results of the optimization showed that all conditions that need to be achieved in scheduling which previously unfulfilled in manual schedule, such as the minimum requirement number of senior nurses and male nurses in each shift can be fulfilled. For additional target, which is total working days, the proposed model can produce a better schedule for regular nurses and better assignment patterns for all nurses, where all regular nurses have the same total number of working days, which is 17 working days.
Collaborative Robot Safety for Human-Robot Interaction in Domestic Simulated Environments
Authors: Kaonain T E , Rahman M A A , Ariff M H M , Yahya W J , Mondal K
Published: March 2021

Human-robot interactions carry several challenges, the most important being the risk of injury to the human. In industrial robotic systems, robots are mostly caged and isolated from humans in a safety guard environment. However, as time has passed, the use of domestic robots has emerged, leading to a high need in research on robot safety in domestic settings. Human-Robot collaboration is still in an initial stage; thus, safety assessments in domestic environments are critical in the field of collaborative robots or cobots, with simulations being the first stage of research. In this study, a preliminary investigation on the simulation of human’s safety throughout human-robot interactions in home surroundings with no safety fence is presented. A simulation model is designed and developed with Gazebo in the Robot Operating System, ROS-based, to simulate the human-robot interaction. In the robot trajectory, safety interaction can be simulated. In one example, the robot’s speed can be reduced before a collision with a human about to happen, and it can be minimized the risk of the collision or reduce the damage of the risk. After the successful simulation, this can be applied to the real robot in a domestic working environment.
Development of Utilization Alkali-Treated Bamboo Fiber as a Strengthener in Thermoset and Thermoplastic Composites
Authors: Roni K , Raharjo W W , Ariawan D , Ubaidillah  , Arifin Z
Published: March 2021

The increasing concern over environmental problems and the demand for renewable raw materials continues to increase, making researchers must find the right solution to overcome these problems. One solution is to reduce the use of synthetic fibers, which can replace natural fibers. This article is to review the use of bamboo fiber as a reinforcement to improve the physical and mechanical properties of composites, starting from the manufacturing process to its future potential. The matrix, which usually used as a binder of bamboo fiber, is thermoset and thermoplastic. As time goes by, the matrix becomes more popular. The method of making composites with Hot Press has a significant effect on composite results. The preparations and parameters involved during the process of making bamboo fiber composites with thermoset and thermoplastic matrices have a considerable impact on the results of the physical and mechanical properties of composites. Alkali treatment can eliminate hemicellulose, lignin, wax, and oil, which cover the surface of the outer walls of natural fiber cells and increase the surface roughness of the fibers, thereby increasing the bond between the polymer and the fiber. The determination of fiber composition variation plays a significant role in the physical and mechanical properties of composites. Too much pressure can damage the fiber, while too low pressure results in poor lamination consolidation. The processing temperature results in a better interface wetting between the fiber and the matrix. Holding time produces a more reliable bonding interface by removing the air gap that induced during pressing between the fiber and the matrix, thereby increasing tensile strength and modulus. The utilization of bamboo fibers to reduce synthetic fibers has opened opportunities for academics and industry to design sustainable modules to utilize bamboo fibers in the future. Making bamboo fiber-based composites with thermoset and thermoplastic matrices can reduce environmental problems and can be developed into effective biocomposites. Added with the advantages of thermosets and thermoplastics such as resistance to heat and chemicals even in extreme environments, flexible and recyclable, so that it has good potential in the future.
Parameters of Savonius Type Hydrokinetic Turbine to Enhance Efficiency
Authors: Handoko R , Hadi S , Danardono  , Ubaidillah  , Arifin Z
Published: March 2021

Increasing energy requirements accompanied by high fossil fuel emissions will lead to energy crises and the greenhouse effect in the future. These factors encourage the development of renewable energy. Hydropower can be one alternative energy to meet the energy demand. Hydrokinetic turbine is one of the latest technologies that utilize energy from water flowing in rivers, waterways, drainage in buildings, etc. This paper presents a review of hydrokinetic theory as an energy conversion system from flowing water with reference to the wind energy system. The most discussed type of turbine is a hydrokinetic savonius turbine with a description of the benefits, weaknesses, strengths, and conditions according to the application. Hydrokinetic savonius turbine is the most discussed turbine because of the ability of this turbine to work at low fluid flow rates in rivers and waterways. But the weakness of Savonius turbine is that it has low efficiency. Several experimental studies and numerical calculations by varying the design and parameters of the turbine have been carried out to improve its efficiency. The following parameters have been explained which affect the performance of hydrokinetic savonius turbines which are expected to be useful for future research to improve turbine efficiency.
Photovoltaic Performance with Heat Sink from Copper and Aluminum Material
Authors: Maulana A , Rachmanto R A , Hadi S , Arifin Z
Published: March 2021

Energy becomes a basic human need, so energy reserves are needed. Solar energy is the solution to overcome this problem. Solar energy can be converted into electrical energy through PV panels. However, high temperatures can make PV panels do not work optimally. One way to reduce the temperature is to use a heat sink. The materials used are PV panels without heat sinks, PV panels with aluminum heat sinks, and PV panels with copper heat sinks. This research shows that with the same intensity of 1100 W/m2 PV panels without heat sinks, PV panels with aluminum heat sinks and PV panels with copper heat sinks have an efficiency of 8.76%, 10.27% and 11.14%. The result of temperatures 69.7 °C, 60.8 °C and 52.7 °C and the maximum power produced is 35.19 W, 40.17 W and 43.58 W. The results showed that the average working temperature decreased 8.9 °C and 17 °C, thereby increasing output power by 4.98 W and 8.39 W and increasing efficiency by 1.51% and 2.38% without using a heat sink.
Design and Simulation Multilevel Boost Converter Using PI Controller Ziegler Nichol Method
Authors: Kurniawan M B , Efendi M Z , Murdianto F D
Published: March 2021

This Paper is explain about how to design a Multilevel Boost Converter (MLBC). This Converter is a Boost Converter with an upgrade of Parallel Diode Circuit and Capacitors Circuit. MLBC (Multi Level Boost Converter) have more advantages with low voltage input change to high voltage output. The Principle of MLBC is like the Boost Converter, but they have high ratio conversion without adding transformation for step up the voltage, the setting Output will stabilize if they always get the minimum input range for reduce the drop voltage from input who used Solar Panel, it is used MISO (Multiplied Input Single Output), the MISO contains Solar Panel and Battery with the parallel circuit set. DC Micro Grid using as DC BUS for distributed the voltage from the source to load for the maximum output power it used 100-200 Watt. The Method of control voltage it used PI - Ziegler Nichols-1 for controlled the Multi Input Single Output (MISO) block, the first control used to make the input of MLBC stabilize for 30 - 40 V being step up to 200 - 250 Volt. The Load of DC BUS example: Inverter, 3 Phase Motor, Led DC, Battery Energy Storage at this project used a inverter with 3 phase motor for load of converter. The Maximum Output Power from a design of this converter is 234.87 Watt according the DC load and the efficiency of converter is maximum 86 %.
Design and Implementation of Bipolar Sepic-Cuk Converter with Fuzzy Logic Control for Battery Charging Application
Authors: Triandy D J , Wahjono E , Murdianto F D
Published: March 2021

This research presents the design of an electricity distribution system with a solar cell source that is applied to the battery charging process. The charging setting uses a modified DC-DC converter configuration from the modified Sepic and Cuk converters. With one Bipolar Sepic-Cuk Converter voltage source produces two outputs of the same voltage value with different polarities. The method applied is constant voltage, where the voltage generated by the solar panel will always be constant and the same in accordance with the setpoint specified in the charging process. The control used is a fuzzy logic control that functions to regulate the PWM output signal by getting the duty cycle value. The voltage sensor is used as feedback from the control to be processed by the microcontroller so as to produce a PWM signal which will be used to regulate switching on the Bipolar Sepic-Cuk converter circuit. The output voltage of the converter has been achieved with fuzzy control with irradiation and temperature variations. The results of the output voltage can be maintained at a predetermined voltage. The error percentage of the generated voltage is equal to 0.14 - 0.5%.
Performance Evaluation of Fuzzy-PID in Speed Control of Three Phase Induction Motor
Authors: Maghfiroh H , Saputro J S , Adriyanto F , Sujono A , Lambang R L
Published: March 2021

Induction motor (IM) is one of AC motor type which mainly applied for adjustable speed applications and consumes approximately 60% of the total industrial electricity consumption. IM is chosen due to its simple structure, reliability, high efficiency, and low cost. There are two main methods in speed and torque control of IM which are scalar control and vector control. Vector control is divided again as Field Oriented Control (FOC) and Direct Torque Control (DTC). In this research, DTC is chosen due to its simplicity compared with FOC. PID is reported that used by 90% industrial section because of its simplicity, applicability, and reliability. Fuzzy Logic Control (FLC) is one of the artificial intelligences that can be used to online tune the PID parameters. The simulation of speed control of the IM base on DTC has been carried out. The simulation result shows that in both no-load and loaded tests, Fuzzy-PID gives better results in speed tracking. In terms of control energy, Fuzzy-PID consumes more energy by 4.5% with better performance in the no-load test. Whereas for the loaded tests, it also has better performance with less energy by 1.03 % compared with PID.
Design of Microcontroller-Based Potentiostat for Determination of Ethanol Integrated with Smartphone through Internet of Things
Authors: Farhan I M , Aldy M N , Nabillah J , Adriyanto F
Published: March 2021

Ethanol is the most alcohol used in daily life. Ethanol can be found in drinks, cosmetics, medicines, flavorings, and many more. Each product requires a different concentration of ethanol. Ethanol concentration can be measured using conventional alcohol meter, but requires a large number of samples and mistaken from reading the measurement can occur. This study aims to make a potentiostat based on the microcontroller to determine ethanol concentration that is easy and accurate. Potentiostat consists of several components of resistors, capacitors, operational amplifiers, and Arduino Mega 2560. Measurements were carried out using the electrochemical analysis fixed potential amperometry which the fixed potential was determined by linear sweep voltammetry. Carbon (C) is used on the working electrode and counter electrode which act as the sensor. From the test results obtained a negative relationship between the increasing concentration against current with a correlation coefficient 0.9998. The level of precision and accuracy of the device that has been made shows good results. The level of precision represented by the mean relative standard deviation (MRSD) obtained a result of 95.18%. While the accuracy value represented by the root mean square error (RMSE) results of 97.08%.
Prototyping Adaptive Cruise Control on Electric Motorcycle
Authors: Purba D A , Nizam M , Maghfiroh H , Putra M R A , Inayati
Published: March 2021

Electric motorcycle is one of the vehicles that can operate using alternative fuels, namely with electrical energy. Travel between cities over great distances, of course this results in a high risk of accidents. Additional features are needed that can warn and stop the electric motorcycle before crashing into other vehicles in front of it. Cruise Control is an automatic technology that is embedded in the automotive system to maintain a constant speed. Prototype refers to the physical and digital representation of pre-production models. This research focuses on applying ultrasonic sensors as distance detectors for the prototype adaptive cruise control system which will be installed as an additional feature on electric motorcycles. The method used in this research starts from simulating a series of systems on Proteus 7.9 software, then designing electrical and software devices on prototyping, and testing. The results obtained by adaptive cruise control mode by testing the variation of distance to PWM duty cycle changes in the simulation compared to prototyping, found an error of ± 1.53%, this shows the prototype Adaptive Cruise Control can work well.
Performance of 5G-NR under Semarang Channel Model
Authors: Wardihani E D , Astuti H W , Suharjono A , Pramono S
Published: March 2021

To support Twenty-Twenty Society and industrial revolution 4.0, 5G-NR becomes the solution for reliable communication. 5G-NR uses High Frequency which is sensitive towards nature and thereby need to understand its performance under real-field environment in Semarang, Indonesia. The aim of the research is to proof whether 5G can work in Semarang seen from outage probability and Bit Error Rate under three conditions for very heavy rainfall, moderate and without rainfall. This research method used channel model experiment using NYUSIM and MATLAB with CP-OFDM without channel coding with Rate in 1. Four environment parameters used as the data collection, namely temperature, humidity, rainfall rate and air pressure from Indonesia official department of Meteorological, Climatological and Geophysical Station (BMKG) of Semarang City and through sensors. The results obtain the information that the channel can work under the three conditions. It was also performed additional information about water vapour as the atmospheric attenuation due to absorption as the consideration of planning reliable communication in 22 GHz and 60 GHz. Besides, 5G-Complex BPSK generated better performance than BPSK One-path Rayleigh Fading.
Optimization Stacker Reclaimer Slewing Bearing Assessment in Mechanical Inspection Combining with Advance Technology of Vibration Analysis
Authors: Sasongko A B , Priyohutomo B , Sulistyo D
Published: March 2021

SKF Mechanical Service, Engineering Knowledge Company was entrusted to perform Life Assessment Of Slewing Bearing At Stacker Reclaimer for further Improvements Plan at one Power Plant Industry, suggest on best methodology and technique to be implemented in maintaining the reliability of slew bearing at the critical equipment in better maintenance functions, reliability and cost-effectiveness. SKF were awarded the work order for the assessment and recommend improvements plan with respect to the following scope of work. The objective of the assessment is to identify current condition of Slew Bearing installed at the critical equipment of Stacker Reclaimer and a way forward to prevent it from the catastrophic failure for another 15 years operation (expectation). The result of the mechanical service assessment is showing the evidence wear phenomena occurrence, as one of mechanical equipment/asset failure mode compared to suitable value of permissible wear or bearing height reduction, bolts, nut & washer integrity compared to OEM specification, gear drives backlash according to standardization and bearing grease contaminant observation in relation to Fe, PQ and Cr wear percentage, vibration pattern & level for conformance checking and recommendation maintenance procedure for improving bearing life.
Flutter Analysis of Last Stage Steam Turbine Power Plant Blade Through Transient Blade Row Simulation
Authors: Laksana A R , Kokong A M , Agus Sigit P , Widjajanto T , Setiawan H , Djunaedi I
Published: March 2021

Flutter phenomena becomes significant in response with turbomachinery design trends that prioritize efficiency. Especially in later stages of steam turbines, the slender profile of the blade becomes more prone to unstable dynamic aeroelasticity. Predicting the potential of flutter on a turbine blade can be done by constructing aeroelastic stability curve with evaluation of aerodynamic damping value under different rotor blade position, relative to the stator blade (inter blade phase angle). In this study, combination of steady Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD), structural Finite Element Analysis (FEA) and transient blade row CFD was carried out using ANSYS 2019 R2 with the end goal of constructing aeroelastic stability curve and analysing the flutter risk of a 350 MW last stage steam turbine blade. At inter blade phase angle position of -180°, -70°, 0°, 77° and 180°, the system are exhibits positive aerodynamic damping values which indicates low to none flutter potential.
Numerical Investigation of Heat and Fluid Flow Characteristics through Steam Coil Air Preheater Installed in 100 MWe Utillity Boiler
Authors: Ariyanto E , Widodo W A
Published: March 2021

This paper study the flow characteristic through a set of tube bank used as air preheater in a 100 MWe utility boiler. The study using numerical simulation commercial Computational Fluid Dynamic (CFD) software. A 3D model uses to analyze the flow characteristics with 3 load variations. The model using a steady-state flow assumption. The Steam Coil Air Preheater modelled as a porous medium (PM) to represent its effect on the airflow through it. Porous Medium model can avoid a time consuming mess generation and simulation. This paper using an empirical equation to define inertial resistance coefficient (C2). The model using Heat Exchanger Model, Energy Model, and Realizable k -Epsilon for turbulence viscous model. 100%, 75%, and 50% load variation simulated with the model. The simulation result in both quantitative and qualitative data. The velocity and pressure distribution affected by the load variation, geometrical shape change, and tube bank set. Some secondary flow observed due to geometrical change along with the flow. The heat transfer characteristics observed with temperature distribution show that it affected by the flow characteristic.
Study of Non-condensable Gas, Fouling, and Plugging Effects on Condenser Performance Using NTU-Effectiveness Analytic Method and 2D Numeric Simulation
Authors: Tamimi H A , Prabowo
Published: March 2021

This paper was objected to determine the effect and how sensitive the variation of the percentage of non-condensable gas, fouling thickness and the amount of plugging to the performance of the condenser and the steam turbine power output. This study was conducted using the NTU-effectiveness analytical method, and specifically for the study of the effects of non-condensable gas combined with numerical simulations to obtain the value of the condensation heat transfer coefficient as an input for analytical calculations. The study was conducted with a variation of the percentage of non-condensable gas 0% (new and clean), 2%, 5%, and 8%, with fouling thickness 0 µm, 2 µm, 5 µm, and 8 µm, and the amount of plugging 0%, 5%, 10%, and 15%. 2D numerical simulation was used to determine the impact of non-condensable gas percentage variation on the value of the condensation heat transfer coefficient on the outside of the tube, both qualitatively and quantitatively along the circumference of the condenser tube. The results of this study were, the greater the percentage of non-condensable gas, the thicker the fouling layer, and the more amount of plugging, would have an impact on decreasing the net turbine work. Consequently for new and clean conditions, the percentage of non-condensable gas were 2%, 5%, 8%, fouling thickness 2 um, 5 um, 8 um, and the amount of plugging were 5%, 10%, 15%, resulting in net turbine work to 202.55 MW, 192.08 MW, 189.08 MW, 185.85 MW (non-condensable gas), 200.05 MW, 196.01 MW, 192.08 MW (fouling), 195.2 MW, 185.27 MW, and 174.77 MW (plugging). A financial loss simulation was also carried out due to the decline in electricity sales affected by the decreasing of power plant’s net turbine work.