bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Factors Affecting the Multiplicity of Parsing Aspects in Arabic Grammar
Authors: ALDYAB Ahmed , ABDULLAH İbrahim EL
Published: June 2021

تتعلق هذه الدراسة بكثرة الوجةو الإعرابيةالواردة في بعض الآيات القرآنية وبيان أثر الخلاف النحوي في التوجيه الإعرابي والمراد بالتعدد الإعرابي هو كثرة الوجو الإعرابية التي يمكن أن يقول بها المعربعند إعرابه المفردة، ونشير إلى أن هذا التعدد
الإعرابي إنما هو نتيجة أسباب متعددة كان لها أثر بارز في تعدد الوجو النحوية وقد انتظم هذا المقال في ثلاثة مباحث، تكفل الأول منها في بيان تعدد المعاني المعاني الممكنة للكلمة المراد إعرابها، وفي المبحث الثاني كان الحديث منصباً على
قضية الاجتهاد النحوي، وفي المبحث الثالث تحدثت عن تعدد الرأي النحوي الواحد في المسألة الواحدة . وأنهيت هذا المقال بخاتمة تلخص أهم ما ورد، ث بقائمة ضمت أهم المصادر التي استفتدت منها
Sosyal Medyadaki Mahremiyet İhlallerinin Bazı Fıkhî Yansımalarına Dair
Authors: ÇEKİÇ Sevdegül , AYENGİN Tevhit
Published: June 2021

Sosyal medya platformlarının insanlar arasındaki iletişim ve etkileşime olan etkisi uzmanlar tarafından olumlu ve olumsuz yönleriyle ele alınmaktadır. Sosyal ağ sitelerinin bilgi, belge, görüntü, ses vs. paylaşımında günümüzde ulaştığı hız ve sağladığı kolaylıklar düşünülürse insan yaşamına dair olumlu etkileri yadsınamaz durumdadır. Bunun yanında bu platformlarda yaşanan gönüllü ifşa ve bu ifşa karşısında değişen mahremiyet algısının, söz konusu sitelerin olumsuz etkileri arasında olduğu da sık sık dile getirilmektedir. Ayrıca sosyal medya ortamlarında dışarıdan izinsiz müdahale ile gerçekleştirilebilen mahremiyet ihlalleri de gündemi oldukça meşgul etmekte, bu ihlallerin fert ve toplum hayatındaki olumsuz etkilerine vurgu yapılmaktadır. Sözü edilen olumsuz etkilerin sonucunda mahremiyetin çöktüğü iddia edilmektedir. Bu durum bilim dünyasını çözüm arayışlarına itmiştir. Söz konusu çöküşe sebep olan etkenler ve çözüm yollarına dair çalışmalar günümüzde psikoloji, sosyoloji ve hukuk gibi alanlarda yerini almaktadır. Çalışmamızın ana çerçevesi yukarıda sözünü ettiğimiz sorunsaldan yola çıkarak oluşturulmuş, öncelikle İslâm hukukundaki mahremiyet anlayışı özetlenmiş ve mahremiyetin boyutları çizilmeye çalışılmıştır. Günümüzde en çok kullanılan sosyal ağ sitelerinin ahlâkî zemindeki mahremiyet anlayışına olumsuz etkileri, bu etkilerin toplum üzerindeki yansımaları sonucunda yaşanabilecek olaylar ve bu olaylar karşısında hukuki zeminde yapılması gerekenler müzakere edilmiştir. Özel hayatın gizliliği ve kişilik haklarına dair konularda modern hukuktan da faydalanılmıştır.
Müteşâbih Âyetlerin Te’vilinin Bilinip Bilinememesi ile İlgili Yorumların Oluşmasında Âl-i İmrân Sûresi 7. Âyetteki Vakf Yerinin Rolü
Authors: KARA Mehmet
Published: June 2021

Kur’ân-ı Kerîm’in okunması, anlaşılması, dinlenmesi gibi fiillerin her biri, ibadet yönü bulunan amellerdir. İhtiva etmiş olduğu mana ise aynı zamanda inanan insanın zihin dünyasını inşa etmekte ve hayatının farklı evrelerinde kendisine rehberlik etmektedir. Bunun için de muhtevası doğru anlaşılmalıdır. Tilâvet edilen bir âyetteki murad-ı ilâhînin doğru anlaşılması için öncelikle âyetin mefhumuna vâkıf olmak gerekmektedir. Bu sebeple âyetin nüzûl sebebi ve ortamı, siyak ve sibakı, anlamını belirleyen anahtar kelimelerin tahlili, cümle yapısı gibi bazı verilerin göz önünde bulundurulması önem arz etmektedir. Bu veriler çerçevesinde tercih edilen anlama göre lafız ve anlam bütünlüğüne riayet ederek âyetlerde vakfa uygun olan yerler tayin edilmekte ve okumanın da buna göre icra edilmesi beklenmektedir. Dolayısıyla âyetteki murad-ı ilâhî, âyetin i’rabını ve buna bağlı olarak kabule şayan olan anlam tercihini belirlemektedir. Tercih edilen i’rab ve anlam ise âyetteki vakf ya da vasl yapılması gereken yerleri tayin etmektedir. Âl-i İmrân sûresinin 7. âyetinde müteşâbih âyetlerin te’vilinin bilinip bilinemeyeceği bağlamında tefsirlerde serdedilen yorumlar ve buna göre âyetteki vakf yerinin tercihine dair vakf-ibtidâ literatüründeki farklı kanaatler konumuz açısından güzel bir örnektir. Biz de çalışmamızda bu örnek âyet üzerinden âyetin anlaşılmasında vakf yerinin önemini tahlil etmeye çalışacağız.
İslam Dininde İbadetlerin Sosyal Boyutu
Authors: ÖZ Nedim
Published: June 2021

Kurumlar toplumsal hayatın yapı taşlarıdır. Din de toplumu oluşturan temel kurumlardan birisidir. En genel manasıyla kutsalın tecrübesi şeklinde din, her dönemde bireyleri ve toplumları derinden etkileyen kurumlardan biri olmuştur. Dinler genelde tecrübe ve anlatım biçimi olarak akide, ibadet ve dini cemaat yani sosyolojik anlatım şeklinde tezahür etmekte ve varlığını sürdürmektedir. Bu çalışmanın esas konusu ve amacı, din sosyolojisi perspektifinden hareketle dini anlatım biçimlerinden ibadetlerin sosyal boyutlarının dokümantasyon yöntemiyle ele alınıp analiz edilmesidir. Buna göre ibadetler, psikolojik etkileriyle birlikte İslâm toplumunun oluşmasında ve sürdürülmesinde sürekli olarak Allah’a teslimiyet, kardeşlik ve dayanışma, birbirini koruyup gözetme, hep birlikte sıkıntılara tahammül etme, kötülüklerden uzaklaşıp iyilik ortak paydasında buluşarak toplumsal paylaşmayı ve bütünleşmeyi gerçekleştirme gibi sosyal boyutları da insanlara kazandırmaktadır. Örneğin namaz ve oruç ibadeti, bireysel yönden kişiyi olgunlaştırmakla ve ahlâk kurallarına yönlendirmekle kalmamakta, toplumsal açıdan normlara, değerlere ve ahlâkî ilkelere uyumla birlikte suç ve asayiş problemlerinin önlenmesine de katkı sunmaktadır. Aynı şekilde zekât da kişisel etkisinden öte, toplumsal aktörlerin hem servete hem alt gelir seviyesindeki insanlara bakışını olumlu yönde etkileyerek sosyo-ekonomik yardımlaşmaya neden olmaktadır. Dolayısıyla ibadetlerin sadece bireyleri yönlendirmekle kalmayıp, toplumsal hayatı da düzenlediği görülmektedir.
Modern aspects of the application of antiplatelet and hypolipidemic therapy in ischemic heart disease after coronary artery stenting
Authors: Saydalev Rustam Saydalievich
Published: June 2021

In this article it will be discussed actual issues and modern problems of the ischemic disease of the heart, antiplatelet therapy, its effects, hypolipidemic therapy, indications, counter indications, potential side effects as well as, successful management strategies after percutaneous coronary intervention following with drug eluted stents.
Language Learning Strategies (LLS) Instruction to Help Students Become Better Language Learners
Authors: Ernomo Zandi
Published: June 2021

Based on act of The Republic of Indonesia number 20, year 2003 on National Education System, learners should be active participants and able to develop their full potential. From the statement, the paradigm in educational field has changed from teacher centered learning to student-centered learning. Teaching language learners to learn so that they will be effective learners is a major issue in language teaching nowadays. A way to do that is by conducting strategy instruction. So, the purpose of this paper is to find out the definition of LLS, factors affecting the choice of LLS, classification of  LLS, characteristics of LLS instruction, and models of LLS instruction.
Using oral feedback to help students in learn English
Authors: Nurasid Eka Priminatha
Published: June 2021

English is an international language, so its must for us to learning english. Feedback is a part in teaching process, most of teacher use feedback in teaching process, in the process of feedback, teacher can know how the students grow, respond to stress and challenge, and etc. There are 2 kinds of feedback. Written feedback and oral feedback. In this context the writer focus on oral feedback to help students learn english. There is the benefit of oral feedback based on findings which can help student learn englishthat positive feedback, however, can increase the likelihood that students will return to or persist in activity and self-report and higher interest in the activity. It have similiar thing with the third point, when you give a positive feedback the student will return and addiction with your feedback. And make the students more active in the class.
Developing Vocabulary Material using Longtion Autorun Application for Hearing Impaired-Eleventh Grade Learners at SLB Negeri Cerme
Authors: Sari Wulan Purnama
Published: June 2021

In the special education, especially hearing impaired learner, the students also learn English, but the learners have the difficulty in learning English vocabulary. There are several reasons for the learners who have the difficulties in learning English vocabulary. One of the reason is because they have physical and mental weakness. Learners of SLB Negeri Cerme also have the difficulties of learning English vocabulary. To help the learners in learning better vocabulary, the researcher will use longtion autorun application to show the picture, text and translation. Longtion autorun application as the base material of learning vocabulary will help learners achieve better vocabularies, which will make the learners more interested and understand the material easily by using some pictures and exercises. The research and development design uses ADDIE instructional design model, to develop vocabulary material using Longtion autorun application for hearing impaired-eleventh grade learners at SLB Negeri Cerme. The research was conducted in SLB Negeri Cerme, involving three hearing impaired learners of eleventh grade. In this research and development, the steps are: need analysis, design, development, implementation, evaluation. The need analysis gave some explanations; First, analysis of interviews with English teacher about the learning need, second, analysis of interviews with learners about their target need and learning need, third, curriculum document analysis. Researcher created a design instruction called material prototype as a framework that was used in developing syllabus and application. Researcher developed a material according to the result of need analysis and design. The activities of the learning are in three phases (pre, whilst, and post) Strategy. From the result of English teacher assessment, the score was 87,5. While the result of learner’s questionnaire about the product, the total score was 88,3. It belongs to the good category based on scoring. This second draft of material was considered as the final draft. The overall conclusion appears that the learners interested when they learnt English using Longtion autorun application because the materials were easy to understand, interesting, and suitable for eleventh grade hearing impaired learners. The researcher gives some recommendation, the next researcher could conduct the similar project to do the same research with different level and focus in order to enrich the variety of the research. For the teacher, this product could be used as a combination when they teach English to introduce the simple English vocabulary to the learners.
Screen Book Versus Printed Book: A Comparative Study on the Influence of Students Perceived Learning at six semesters on English department in University of Muhammadiyah Gresik
Authors: Lestari Kiki Dwi , Asari Slamet
Published: June 2021

Learning media is needed in education. Books are one of the important media. In higher education, variations of the book began to be introduced in the form of printed book (traditional) and screen book (electronic). At the University of Muhammadiyah Gresik in the English department, the two book formats are taught from the first semester to sixth semester. Student learning styles and learning outcomes are also influenced by the book and the format of what books are read by students. This is preceded by the learning felt by the students on what kind of book format is preferred. In this study, researchers look for differences in likes or lessons perceived  by students  to  screen  books  and  printed  books  at  higher  levels  of education. The sample of this study is 50 students consisting of 23 students from the morning class and 27 students from the afternoon class. Sample is taken by purposive sampling technique to facilitate the researcher to find the right subject with criterion according to this research. Data collection used in this study using questionnaires with Likert scale grading 4 points. Some statements to be answered by respondents in the form of affective questions about their feelings or perceived in learning are often referred to as self-report measure. The Z test is used to test the research hypothesis as it relates to this type of comparative study and to find out the accepted or rejected null hypothesis. The results of this study indicate that there is no significant difference between screen book and printed book on students perceived learning. This means that the two natural groups, morning class and evening class, both prefer the printed book because of the tacticle interaction factor. Of the two classes have a fondness for the screen book but not significant. Then, it can be conclude that in this study null hypothesis is accepted.
The Virtual Synchronous Zoom On and Zoom Off : Combined with Engaging Media toward EFL Learners' Vocabulary Development
Authors: Sholihah Faizatus
Published: June 2021

Abstract

 

Due to the popularity of online learning using zoom application which has been implemented by several educational circles in pandemic era, has showed several issues related to their virtual zoom learning. This study is aimed to investigate the efficiency of learning vocabulary using virtual synchronous zoom in collaboration with engaging media, by turning learners’ video on and off. Pre-test and post-test with the same item and form of multiple choice questions were given to two different groups of 30 participants with the same duration of time, media and topic to measure EFL learners’ vocabulary development using experimental design and was analyzed using several quantitative tests. 25 items of instruments used were tested based on their validity and reliability. Questionnaires of Thai and English language versions were filled in by EFL learners with the total of 10 items. The results showed that the 2 groups of EFL learners showed positive results in enhancing their vocabulary mastery, but the EFL learners’ group who turned their video on had higher results compared to those who turned their video off. In addition, the EFL learners of zoom on group also experienced less difficulty and inconvenience during the virtual learning process.
Ideali universalistici o fiscalismo imperiale? Decima hereditatium e constitutio Antoniniana de civitate
Authors: Marotta Valerio
Published: June 2021

Was the constitutio Antoniniana enacted to establish a cosmopolis or to solve a dramatic financial liquidity problem? The joint examination of two texts – one by Cassius Dio, the other by the Ulpian’s Institutes – suggests that Caracalla decided to speed things up by granting citizeship to all the inhabitants of the Empire to increase tax revenues. However, the need to finance the aerarium militare and to pay, in this way, the praemia to the veterans, does not exclude the possibility that Caracalla cultivated, at the same time, the project of establishing, in the entire ecumene, a single civitas. In any case, contestually to the issuing of constitutio de civitate, Caracalla subverted the political line followed, for more than a century, by his predecessors. Not only did he avoid granting to the new Aurelii, that is the new citizens, the so-called cognationis iura, but he also restricted the scope of this provision to those who had already been counted among the cives for a long time, by subjecting as many people as possible to the payment of the inheritance tax (decima hereditatium).
The Role of Analytical Chemistry in Agrofood
Authors: Oliveira Pedro
Published: June 2021

The State of Food Security and Nutrition in the World program for sustainable development presents a transformative vision, recognizing that our planet is changing, bringing with it new challenges that must be overcome if we want to live in a world without hunger, food insecurity, and malnutrition, in any of its forms. At the same time, there is a direct relationship between the quality of food and health. The production of high-quality food in high quantities is an emerging concern. However, the challenges are enormous, as demonstrated by the following: i) there is a demand for food production, occurring amid a declining rural labor force; ii) there is an increasing amount of raw material production (e.g., biomass generated) for a market that has been only mildly explored; iii) there is a lack of simpler and cheaper analytical alternatives to apply in undeveloped countries, whose developments is highly dependent of agriculture; and iv) there is the necessity to adopt more efficient and sustainable production methods that are adapted to climate change. On almost all these fronts, the field of analytical chemistry has a lot to contribute.
The Neglected Potential of Rothbard’s Preface to Theory and History as an Introductory Text on Austrian Methodology
Authors: Pickering George
Published: June 2021

Given the breadth of the ideas of the Austrian School of Economics and the numerous lengthy treatises across which those ideas are scattered, it is difficult to recommend an introductory text that conveys its definingcharacteristics. However, in this regard, Murray N. Rothbard’s rarely discussed Preface to Ludwig von Mises’s book Theory and History possesses considerable untapped potential. The Preface’s merits as an introductory reading stem not only from its persuasive summary of the praxeological method and the core arguments in its favor, amongst other distinguishing characteristics of the Austrian School, but also from its brevity and Rothbard’s stilistic clarity, which make it incredibly accessible to newcomers to Austrian ideas.
Redes de gobernanza y complejidad de la planificación territorial
Authors: González Oswaldo Ledesma
Published: June 2021

Las redes de gobernanza han surgido como respuesta al aumento de la complejidad de las políticas públicas y como consecuencia de las deficiencias de los modelos de gestión pública tradicionales. En relación con esto, la planificación territorial, como técnica instrumental básica de implementación de las políticas territoriales y urbanísticas, también ha experimentado un incremento de la complejidad. El objetivo del artículo es defender el interés que las redes de gobernanza tienen para la toma de decisiones territoriales en un escenario de aumento de la complejidad. De esta manera, el interés del trabajo está en la interrelación que existe entre redes de gobernanza y planificación territorial, cuestión escasamente abordada en la literatura hasta el momento. Desde esta aproximación se considera que las decisiones en planificación territorial deben ser producto de una combinación entre el conocimiento experto y el de los actores con intereses en el territorio. Así, la planificación territorial debe servir como técnica instrumental para gestionar la coexistencia de espacios compartidos, desarrollar políticas territoriales colaborativas y, en definitiva, para el fomento de la cultura territorial.
Bem-estar, estilo de vida e relacionamento interpessoal nas aulas de Educação Física
Authors: Campos Francisco , Mendes Pedro , Martins Fernando , Ângelo Elisa
Published: June 2021

Bem-estar, estilo de vida e relacionamento interpessoal assumem um papel de grande relevância no desenvolvimento do aluno, conferindo-lhe capacidade de intervenção e entreajuda. Os objetivos do presente estudo são: a) caracterizar e comparar o sentimento de bem-estar e o estilo de vida de alunos do 7.º ano de escolaridade, no início e no fim do primeiro período; b) relacionar o sentimento de bem-estar e estilo de vida com a rejeição interpessoal, manifestada pelos colegas de turma, nas aulas de Educação Física; e c) comparar o relacionamento interpessoal, no início e no fim do primeiro período. Participaram 94 alunos dos 12 aos 15 anos de idade, de quatro turmas, de uma escola de Coimbra-Portugal. Os dados foram recolhidos através da aplicação de um questionário. Perante os resultados obtidos, sugere-se a implementação de um programa de intervenção, com características específicas, o qual poderá provocar melhorias no relacionamento interpessoal dos alunos.
Mucilage Problem in the Semi-Enclosed Seas: Recent Outbreak in the Sea of Marmara
Authors: Savun-hekimoğlu Başak , Gazioğlu Cem
Published: June 2021

Mucilage is an exopolymeric organic substance that occurs in the marine environment due to the overgrowth of a type of sea algae. Extreme blooms of algae are often triggered by rising seawater temperatures and human-induced pressures such as domestic and industrial wastes, insufficient treatment levels, excessive fishing. In semi-enclosed seas, this phenomenon creates growing concern, as it has a detrimental impact on the entire ecology, particularly benthic organisms. The Sea of Marmara is filled for months with mucilage that clogs the networks of fishers, suffocates marine life, and threatens tourism and the economy. Although the mucilage did not occur in the Sea of Marmara for the first time, nor is the occurrence unique to the area, it is thought to be one of the worst mucilage outbreaks ever. This study aims to provide information on the possible causes and consequences of mucilage and related research in the Sea of Marmara.
Monopulse radar tracking by range and angular coordinates with a broadband sounding signal.
Authors:   Military academy of the Republic of Belarus, Nezavisimosti ave., 220, Minsk 220057, Republic of Belarus, Builov E.N. ,   «NTP REAtechno», 37 Logoysky trakt, Minsk, 220090, Republic of Belarus, Gorhkov S.A. ,   Military academy of the Republic of Belarus, Nezavisimosti ave., 220, Minsk 220057, Republic of Belarus,   «NTP REAtechno», 37 Logoysky trakt, Minsk, 220090, Republic of Belarus
Published: June 2021

A block diagram of the receiving part of a monopulse radar tracking by range and angular coordinates with a broadband sounding signal is presented. The features of correlation processing of a broadband linear-frequency-modulated signal with full frequency demodulation and algorithms for estimating coordinates are considered. A comparative analysis of the results of calculating errors in measuring the coordinates of air targets in short-range radars using narrow-band and broadband signals and different viewing angles is carried out.
Progression of anorexia nervosa: An insight into neurological and biological mechanisms influencing the personality patterns of anorexics
Authors: Singh Aatma , Bains Kiran , Kaur Harpreet
Published: June 2021

Anorexia nervosa has emerged as a prominent eating disorder affecting young women. This disorder's fundamental characteristic is an abnormally low weight achieved by severe calorie restriction and refusal to maintain body weight at or above the minimally normal weight for age and height. It is a complex disorder with its origins still not explicitly defined. In anorexic individuals, an imbalance in the molecular signalling and hypothalamic neuropeptides is believed to be significantly responsible for alterations in the biological mechanisms associated with body weight, appetite and energy homeostasis. The imbalance between the genetic systems such as serotonin, dopamine, brain-derived neurotrophic factor, estrogen and their interactions are significantly observed in anorexic as well as recovered anorexic individuals. The dopaminergic pathway is involved in reward mechanisms but its dysfunction might cause weight loss, food aversion, hyperactivity, obsessive compulsive behaviours, distorted body image. An abnormal serotonin function reveals personality traits such as rigidity, inhibition, anxiety, inflexibility, perfectionism and harm avoidance. The Met66 variant of brain derived neurotrophic factor is strongly associated with the development of restricting-type anorexia nervosa. The development of anorexia has been linked to estrogen receptor beta gene variants, which also regulate food intake and states of anxiety and depression.This review discusses the neurobiological dysregulations because of which anorexics tend to have a distinct personality profile characterized by behaviour patterns comprising perfectionism, obsessive-compulsive disorder, harm avoidance, alexithymia, anger suppression, anxiety, rigidity, novelty seeking, anhedonia, depression, impulsivity, substance abuse, self harm etc. Heterogeneities in the characteristic profile are observed based on the subdivisions of anorexia nervosa. The impact of malnutrition has also been scrutinized.
Role of nutrients regulation in the immune system in preventing COVID-19 infection: A brief review
Authors: Chauhan Anamika
Published: June 2021

This review aimed to focus on using foods to boost immunity against COVID-19 in all age groups. In human, coronavirus causes the common cold, severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), and a major threat to public health. The novel coronavirus was declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization due to its rapid infectivity. COVID-19 infection is most probably reported in people with low immunity response. The nutrients, which show beneficial effects on the immune system, are called immune nutrients and diet is called immune diet. A healthy diet can reduce the risk of infection of COVID-19 and can prevent disease. Nutritional food intake is also necessary for people with chronic illness, obese persons, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, cognitive dysfunction like anxiety and depression. All nutrients are essential for maintaining immunity and providing appropriate amounts of protein, fat, carbohydrate, vitamins, and minerals for the surveillance mode of keeping us from getting sick. The use of plenty of water, minerals such as micronutrients, zinc, copper, selenium, iron, magnesium, food rich in vitamins, and a good lifestyle can promote health and overwhelm this coronavirus infection.
Quality assessment of compost from Centralized windrow composter (CWC) and Source segregate automatic vessel composter (AVC) at Hyderabad city in India
Authors: Kurmana Anil , Srinivas N.
Published: June 2021

Out of the millions of tons of Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) generated annually in India, only about 75-80% of the waste gets collected and out of this, only 22- 28% is processed and treated, and the remaining is deposited indiscriminately at dump yards. Hyderabad city generates around 5500MT of waste every day. And only 20% of the waste is used for composting using the windrow composting process. MSW composting is a rapidly growing method of solid waste management in Hyderabad and In-Vessel composting is the recent initiative by the Govt. of India to reduce the organic solid waste generated at the source. The present study was aimed to assess the degree of accumulation and contamination of the heavy metals in composts from Centralised Windrow Composter (CWC) and Source Segregated Accelerated Vessel Composter (AVC). Compost Samples from CWC and AVC were analysed for metals concentration using Energy Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence Spectrometers (ED-XRF). CWC samples were found with slightly high concentrations of heavy metals like Zinc (0.51 – 0.66%), Copper (0.36 – 0.45%), Nickel 0.03 – 0.05%), Iron (11.46 – 13.27%), and chromium (0.06 – 0.14%) compared to AVC. AVC samples contained high concentrations of Calcium (14.99 – 64.19%), Potassium (9.13 – 29.59%) and Phosphorous (1.55 – 3.43%) when compared to CWC. The current study does a comparative analysis on the process and nutrients available to assess the quality of the compost from both sources. Considering the above findings source segregated AVC seems to be a better composter than centralised CWC, as the concentrations of Ca, K, and P required by the plant were abundant in AVC. Also, considering the process aspect, there is always scope for cross-contamination if the waste is separated after treatment which is the case in CWC.
Agricultural drought monitoring in Tamil Nadu in India using Satellite-based multi vegetation indices
Authors: R. Kumaraperumal. , S. Pazhanivelan. , K.P. Ragunath. , Kannan Balaji , P.J. Prajesh. , G.R. Mugilan.
Published: June 2021

Drought being an insidious hazard, is considered to have one of the most complex phenomenons. The proposed study identifies remote sensing-based indices that could act as a proxy indicator in monitoring agricultural drought over Tamil Nadu's region India. The satellite data products were downloaded from 2000 to 2013 from MODIS, GLDAS – NOAH, and TRMM. The intensity of agricultural drought was studied using indices viz., NDVI, NDWI, NMDI, and NDDI. The satellite-derived spectral indices include raw, scaled, and combined indices. Comparing satellite-derived indices with in-situ rainfall data and 1-month SPI data was performed to identify exceptional drought to no drought conditions for September month. The additive combination of NDDI showed a positive correlation of 0.25 with rainfall and 0.23 with SPI, while the scaled NDDI and raw NDDI were negatively correlated with rainfall and SPI. Similar cases were noticed with raw LST and raw NMDI. Indices viz., LST, NDVI, and NDWI performed well; however, it was clear that NDWI performed better than NDVI while LST was crucial in deciding NDVI coverage over the study area. These results showed that no single index could be put forward to detect agricultural drought accurately; however, an additive combination of indices could be a successful proxy to vegetation stress identification.
Responses of mixed light-emitting diode ratios on vegetative, flower regulation, and stalk elongation of cut chrysanthemum (Dendranthema grandiflora Tzvelev)
Authors: S Ganesh , M Jawaharlal , K Rajamani , SP Thamaraiselvi
Published: June 2021

A Greenhouse experiment on the study of responses of mixed light-emitting diode ratios in cut chrysanthemum (Dendranthema grandiflora Tzvelev) was conducted at the Department of Floriculture and Landscape Architecture, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore during 2019-20. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Block Design with three replications. The treatment comprises of seven varied light-emitting diode irradiance levels viz., L1 – 100% White; L2 – 100% Red; L3 -  80% Red + 20% Blue; L4 – 80% Red + 20% Far-red; L5 – 75% Blue + 25% Far-red; L6 – 60% Red + 20% Blue + 20% Far-red; L7 - High pressure sodium vapour lamp (as check) in Salvador and Pusa Centenary varieties. The results revealed that the growth in terms of height of the chrysanthemum at critical stages was maximum (48.88 cm in Salvador and 41.92 cm in Pusa Centenary) under the light irradiance of B75FR25 (L5) during the peak vegetative stage and registered maximum leaf area. Highest internodal length  up to 3rd leaf of 1.07 cm was registered in sodium vapour lamp irradiance (L7) and 1.39 cm in 100% Red irradiance (L2). The early flower bud emergence (39 days in Salvador and 50 days in Pusa Centenary) was observed in B75Fr25 spectral irradiance (L5). The highest total cut stem yield per square meter (42.65 in Salvador and 41.99 in Pusa Centenary) was registered in R80B20. The study revealed that blue LEDs combined with Far-red promoted early flowering and inhibited stem elongations. Red and Blue wavelength increased the total leaf area and registered improved flower yield.
A study on diversity and distribution of Ficus L. (Dicotyledonae: Moraceae) species at Forest Research Institute (FRI), Dehradun (Uttarakhand), India
Authors: Kumar Mukesh , Sharma Indu , Verma Praveen Kumar , Singh Bikram Jit , Singh Raj , Upadhyay Sushil Kumar
Published: June 2021

Ficus L., commonly known as Fig, is a member of the family Moraceae (mulberry family) comprises 37 genera and approximately 1,100 species distributed in diverse ecosystems, especially in tropical and temperate regions of the world. The Ficus genus stands out as a keystone resource provider in many tropical forests, which is probably because of continuous non-seasonal fruiting in many species. It is one of the largest genera in the angiosperms about 750 species. The present study was carried out in the Forest Research Institute (FRI) campus, Dehradun (Uttarakhand), India. The phytodiversity of Ficus L. and their socio-economic values worked out during the investigation, religious-spiritual attachment, food of wild animals, ethnomedicinal and timber significance. There were 16 species of Ficus L. recorded from New Forest, FRI, Dehradun based on the morphological observations of taxonomically significant characteristics. The species found in FRI New Forest Dehradun were, Ficus benjamina, F. religiosa, F. racemosa, F. rumphii, F. retusa, F. krishnae, F. elastica, F. virens, F. semicordata, F. auriculata, F. hispida, F. pumila, F. palmata, F. drupacea, F. benghalensis, F. pomifera. Out of the notified 16 species of Ficus, 11 species were trees, 3 shrubs and 2 climbers in nature. The maximum leaf size (30×27cm2) was reported in F. auriculata, followed by F. semicordata (28×10cm2), F. benghalensis (25×11cm2). However, minimum leaf size was noticed in F. benjamina (4×2cm2) and F. retusa (4×3cm2). Among, 15 species, axillary fig (fruit) arrangement was observed, while one species (F. racemosa) has stem position of fruits. The current finding is itself a pioneer study to present a glimpse of such immense species diversity of single genera from sub-valley areas and will be a milestone for future studies in conservation and management of these wild varieties.
Community composition and status of avifaunal diversity in and around Ottu reservoir of Sirsa, Haryana, India
Authors: Rai Deepak , Vanita
Published: June 2021

Assessments of avian communities’ composition in different habitats give an emphasis in monitoring environmental perspective. Depending on specific habitat functioning, their population pattern helps to determine the ecological health of an area. Bird surveys were accomplished on a fortnightly basis from October 2019 to September 2020 using Scan sampling, Point count and Line transect methods for evaluation of species abundance and richness in and around Ottu Reservoir, district Sirsa, Haryana (India). A total of 114 species comprising 91 genera, 47 families and 18 orders were recorded, among which 76 species were resident, 30 winter migrants and 8 summer migrants. Out of reported 114 species of birds, one species was vulnerable, 6 Near-threatened as listed by IUCN. Three bird species were listed under Schedule-I and the remaining species under Schedule-IV of IWPA (1972); six species under appendices of CITES (2012). Species such as Rock dove Columba livia, Lesser Whistling-duck Dendrocygna javanica and Common Sandpiper Actitis hypoleucos with decreasing IUCN population trends were reported abundantly in the study area. Analysis of feeding guilds results revealed that Carnivores as predominated guild due to enriched food material. The presence of diverse plantation, aquatic body, serenity and agricultural fields serve the reservoir as potential habitat for residential and migratory species. Therefore, effective measures must be taken for the conservation of this area as a potential site for avian diversity.
Morpho-anatomical characterization of Rhizopogon himalayensis - Cedrus deodara mycorrhiza
Authors: Thakur Gunjan , Kapoor K. S. , Tapwal Ashwani
Published: June 2021

Rhizopogon himalayensis (Castellano, S.L. Miller, Singh & Lakhanpal) A.B. Mujic & M.E. Sm., comb. nov. -an edible truffle-like fungus- normally exists in a symbiotic association with Cedrus deodara (Roxb.) Loud. Because of this important association and the ecological significance as per the available literature attached to this fungus, the present study was undertaken with a specific objective to test the mycorrhizal viability of this mycobiont with this important tree species of Himalaya -the theme tree of Himachal Pradesh. An attempt to investigate and record morphological and anatomical characteristics and variations in this mycorrhizal association was also made in nursery conditions using pure culture (wheat grain spawn) of R. himalayensis. The seedlings grown and inoculated in the nursery were harvested after six months for further examination, including the microscopic details. The study and subsequent analysis revealed that that mycobiont had invaded most of the feeder roots, imparting a typical swollen appearance to the mycorrhizal root tips. These root tips were light ochre with moderately thick plectenchymatic fungal mantle with occasional clamp connections on the inner layer of the fungal mantle. The root surface, as seen, was found smooth and frequently covered with a loose aggregation of inter-woven hyphae that uniformly pervaded the epidermis extending into the inter-cortical spaces of outer cortical cells and formed a characteristic Hartig net. Thus, results obtained in fact for the first time, presented an in-depth analysis of the morphological and anatomical characteristics of R. himalayensis and C. deodara association.
AS PRÁTICAS DOCENTES NA CONSTRUÇÃO DA LEITURA E ESCRITA NOS ANOS INICIAIS
Authors: Silva Souza Wagna
Published: June 2021

Este artigo consiste numa pesquisa bibliográfica e de campo, que objetiva analisar a prática pedagógica relacionando-a com o processo de aprendizagem da linguagem escrita no contexto dos anos Iniciais do Ensino Fundamental. As reflexões de diversos autores sobre o tema alfabetização serviram de referência para a concretização deste trabalho, que tem como foco principal a necessidade de uma adequação do trabalho pedagógico à realidade do educando, como forma de se obter melhores resultados na aprendizagem dos mesmos. Buscaram-se estudos sobre o desenvolvimento do processo de aprendizagem da linguagem escrita antes da inserção da criança no ensino formal e a forma como este processo deve ser conduzido no trabalho alfabetizador, afim de que todas as crianças sejam alfabetizadas na idade certa, contribuindo desta forma para a evolução da educação e de todos os indivíduos.
Prediction advantage as retrieval interference: an ACT-R model of processing possessive pronouns
Authors: Patil Umesh , Lago Sol
Published: June 2021

We propose a retrieval interference-based explanation of a prediction advantage effect observed in Stone et al. (2021). They reported two dual-task eye-tracking experiments in which participants listened to instructions involving German possessive pronouns, e.g. ‘Click on his blue button’, and were asked to select the correct object from a set of objects displayed on screen. Participants’ eye movements showed predictive processing, such that the target object was fixated before its name was heard. Moreover, when the target and the antecedent of the pronoun matched in gender, predictions arose earlier than when the two genders mismatched — a prediction advantage. We propose that the prediction advantage arises due to similarity-based interference during antecedent retrieval, such that the overlap of gender features between the antecedent and possessum boosts the activation level of the latter and helps predict it faster. We report an ACT-R model supporting this hypothesis. Our model also provides a computational implementation of the idea that prediction can be thought of as memory retrieval. In addition, we provide a preliminary ACT-R model of how linguistic processes could drive changes in visual attention.
TRADITIONAL WEAPON KUJANG MASTERPIECE OF INDONESIA
Authors: naryono endang
Published: June 2021

West Java in ancient times called Pasundan was a large area for Sunda known as the Pajajaran Kingdom led by Prabu Dewataprana Sri Baduga Maharaja or Jayadewata who was better known to the wider community by the name Prabu Siliwangi. At that time the Sunda Hindu Kingdom was in crisis because of the influence of Islam brought by Indian Gujarat merchants. So that Prabu Siliwangi made an ancient literary text as a way of life for the Sundanese people. Reporting from Wikipedia, Prabu Siliwangi made a life guide book called Sanghyang Siksa Kandang Karesian in 1518 as a provision for community life in Pajajaran. The book contains various kinds of norms, morals, culture, customs, to the typical arts of Pajajaran. One of the traditional weapons listed in the ancient text is the cleaver.
Mini Tinjauan Siklus Hidup Perangkat Lunak
Authors: Siregar Salbiah
Published: June 2021

Perkembangan teknologi mempengaruhi sistem informasi banyaknya perubahan yang terjadi membuat beberapa sistem harus melakukan perubahan dan pengembangan yang signifikan.SDLC (System Development Life Cycle ,siklus hidup pengembangan sistem) dalam rekayasa sistem atau rekayasa perangkat lunak sangat dibutuhkan dalam melalukan perubahan atau pengembangan sistem model dan metodologi yang digunakan untuk mengembangkan sistem-sistem tersebut. Konsep ini umumnya digunakan dalam sistem komputer atau informasi. Dalam dunia bisnis SDLC memiliki banyak peranan dan tanggung jawab yang besar antara pengembang ,desiner,analisis bisnis,dan manajer proyek .Fungsi lain dari SDLC yaitu dapat memberikan gambaran input dan output yang jelas dari satu tahap menuju satu tahap lainya secara teratur
ANALISIS MODEL PEMBELAJARAN PROBING PROMPTING TERHADAP KEMAMPUAN KONSEP BELAJAR FISIKA PESERTA DIDIK
Authors: nisa suci khoirun
Published: June 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh model pembelajaran probing prompting terhadap kemampuan konsep belajar peserta didik pada pembelajaran fisika. selain itu, penelitian ini menggunakan metode study pustaka yang mana peneliti mencari dan menggabungkan materi dari referensi serta sumber informasi dari buku, jurnal maupun yang lainnya. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah bahwa dengan menggunaan model probing prompting dapat meningkatkan pemahaman konsep belajar fisika pada peserta didik dengan nilai presentase yang meningkat, dari sebelum dilakukan tes dan setelah dilakukan tes
Пірамідальна рупорна антена з коловою поляризацією та живленням через щілину
Authors: Piltyay Stepan
Published: June 2021

У сучасних системах супутникового зв‘язку рупорні антени широко вживаються через їх можливість роботи на НВЧ частотах. Рупорна антена із живлення у вигляді щілини використовується на частоті 8.0 ГГц. Щілина під кутом 45° перетворює збудження на дві ортогональні моди із фазовим зсувом 90°. Максимальне підсилення антени є 21 дБ.
Projecting armed conflict risk in Africa towards 2050 along the Shared Socio-economic Pathways: a machine learning approach
Authors: Hoch Jannis , de Bruin Sophie , Buhaug Halvard , von Uexkull Nina , van Beek Rens , Wanders Niko
Published: June 2021

In the past decade, several efforts have been made to project armed conflict risk into the future. One arising technique is the use of machine-learning (ML) models. In this study we explore its opportunities to project sub-national armed conflict risk for three shared socio-economic pathway (SSP) scenarios and three Representative Concentration Pathways (RCPs) by 2040-2050 in Africa, using the novel and open-source ML framework CoPro. Results are consistent with the underlying socio-economic storylines of the SSPs, and the resulting out-of-sample armed conflict projections obtained with RandomForest classifiers agree with comparable studies. In SSP1-RCP2.6, conflict risk is low or absent in most regions, although the Horn of Africa and parts of Kenya, Tanzania and Mozambique continue to be conflict-prone. Conflict risk intensifies in the more severe SSP3-RCP6.0 scenario, especially in central Africa and large parts of western Africa. We specifically assessed the role of hydro-climatic indicators as drivers of armed conflict. Overall, their importance is limited but can differ locally depending on the overall sign of climate change impact and the contextual (socio-economic) factors defining the overall magnitude of those impacts. With our study being at the forefront of ML applications for conflict risk projections, we have identified various challenges for this arising scientific field. A major concern is the inconsistent data availability of observed conflict events as well as of socio-economic indicators for the various SSPs. Nevertheless, ML models such as the one presented here are a viable way forward in the field of armed conflict risk projections, and can help to inform the policy-making process with respect to climate security.
Lancaster_etal_2021_JRR_preprint
Authors: Lancaster Hope Sparks , Gray Shelley , Li Jing
Published: June 2021

Background: The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between selective visual attention (SVA), reading decoding, listening comprehension, and reading comprehension in children with and without a reading disorder.Methods: We used longitudinal data from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC). We split children into four groups: Typical Readers, Dyslexics, Poor Comprehenders, and Comorbid Reading Disorder. We included measures of single word reading, nonword reading, spelling, phonological processing, vocabulary, receptive language, nonverbal intelligence, selective attention, and reading comprehension. We used ANOVA, correlations, and structural equation modeling (SEM) to examine the relationship between SVA and reading. We fit two possible models: SVA Indirect and SVA Direct. The difference between these models was the inclusion of a direct path from SVA to reading comprehension.Results: We examined an indirect model, where SVA predicted reading comprehension through word decoding and listening comprehension, and a direct model, which included a pathway from SVA to reading comprehension. Based on our ANOVA and correlation results, we collapsed the Dyslexic, Poor Comprehenders, and Comorbid Reading Disorder Groups for the SEM. We found evidence that for Typical Readers, an indirect model was the best fit, whereas the direct model was the best model for children with a reading disorder.Conclusions: Selective visual attention is related to reading comprehension. This relationship differs for children with and without a reading disorder.
Automated gaze direction scoring from videos collected online through conventional webcam.
Authors: Fraser Alex , gattas sylvia , Hurman Katie , Robinson Martin , Duta Mihaela , Scerif Gaia
Published: June 2021

As online research has become more prevalent, researchers have been investigating the possibility of replicating techniques that go beyond measuring only simple behaviour. One such method could leverage the webcam of the participants’ device to collect information about eye gaze direction. Several packages have been developed for collecting such data, but they all lead to high attrition and require extensive and potentially frustrating calibration procedures, which hinders all research, in particular data collection including children and participants with neuro-developmental difficulties.To overcome this issue, we developed GazeScorer, a package that uses basic image processing techniques and a simple one-point calibration to score horizontal gaze orientation. We based our work on experience gained from infant research, in which a researcher manually scores horizontal gaze orientation from individual video frames. Using videos collected in two browser-based remote studies, one including adults, and one including children. We achieved low participant attrition, single-frame point calibration, and demonstrated a good level of inter-rater reliability between GazeScorer and a manual scorer. Our package provides a potential resource for researchers working with populations who could not perform a long or involved calibration, in studies in which information about horizontal gaze orientation is sufficient.