bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Influence of Diffuse Left Anterior Descending Artery Lesions on Outcomes of Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting
Authors: Tseng Yuan-Hsi , Chih-Chen Kao  , Chien-Chao Lin  , Ming-Shian Lu  , Chu-Hsueh Lu  , Yao-Kuang Huang
Published: July 2020

Background: Diffuse coronary lesions adversely influence the outcomes of coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). This study aimed to investigate the influence of diffuse left anterior descending artery (LAD) lesions on the outcomes of CABG.
Methods: The data of 123 patients, who received elective isolated CABG with the left internal mammary artery bypassed to the LAD from January 2011 to June 2017, were collected. According to their lesions (≥50% diameter stenoses) ≤2cm or >2cm in the middle and distal segment of LAD, the patients were classified into a No Diffuse Lesion (NDL) group (69 patients) and a Diffuse Lesion (DL) group (54 patients). The rates of in-hospital mortality, 5-year all-cause mortality, and major cardiac events (MCEs) (i.e. myocardial infarction, angina, acute heart failure, and atrial fibrillation) were analyzed.
Results: According to the univariate analyses, the NDL group had fewer diffuse left circumflex artery (LCX) lesions (P = .001) and higher ventricular fibrillation (Vf) after aortic de-clamping (P = .03) than the DL group. According to the multivariate analyses, the in-hospital and 5-year all-cause mortality rates of the two groups did not significantly differ (P = .80 and P = .59). Otherwise, the DL group had a trend toward more MCEs (hazard ratio = 2.07, P = .061), but the difference clearly was insignificant after adjusting for diffuse LCX lesions and Vf after aortic de-clamping (P = .104).
Conclusions: The results demonstrated that diffuse LAD lesions did not influence the risks of in-hospital mortality, 5-year all-cause mortality, or MCEs after CABG.
Top 3-Warengruppen für Geschenke in Deutschland, Frankreich, Großbritannien und den Niederlanden
Authors: Horstmann Felix
Published: July 2020

Wenn es ums Schenken geht, existiert eine klare Präferenzstruktur, in welchen Warengruppen Shopper nach einer kleinen Aufmerksamkeit suchen, auf welche Verpackungsmerkmale es besonders ankommt und wie hoch die Ausgabenbereitschaft ist – im internationalen Vergleich lassen sich dabei interessante Gemeinsamkeiten, aber auch Unterschiede identifizieren.
Treiberbasierte Simulation im Controlling bei Infineon
Authors: Federmann Frank , Häckel Björn , Isbruch Felix , Kratsch Wolfgang , Möller Klaus , Voit Christian , Wunderlich Philipp
Published: July 2020

Die Finanzorganisation von Infineon will sich vom Data Provider zum Business Advisor entwickeln. Ein treiberbasierter Forecast ist ein Instrument, um den Controller in der Routinearbeit zu entlasten. Der Top-Level Ergebnisforecast wird weitgehend ohne manuelle Planung erstellt und bietet Simulationsfähigkeit auf Knopfdruck. Die Geschäftstreiber stehen stärker im Mittelpunkt der Diskussion.
Performancewirkungen von Supply Chains
Authors: Obermaier Robert
Published: July 2020

Die Steuerung von Supply Chains ist konzeptionell höchst anspruchsvoll. Außerdem sind Vernetzungsinvestitionen in Supply Chains besonders begründungsbedürftig, weil in ihrer Performancewirkung schwer abzuschätzen. Hierzu wird eine Analytik zur kausalen Erklärung von Vernetzungsinvestitionen in Supply Chains vorgelegt, die als Grundlage eines Supply Chain Controllings dienen kann.
Das IPOOI-Modell zur Leistungsmessung und -steuerung
Authors: Möller Klaus , Schmid Flavia
Published: July 2020

Das Performance Management fordert für die Leistungsmessung und -steuerung eine ganzheitliche Sichtweise. Gleichzeitig verliert die monetäre Fokussierung von Leistungsmessung zunehmend an gesellschaftlicher Legitimität. Das aus dem produktionstheoretischen IPO-Ansatz weiterentwickelte IPOOI-Modell (Input, Process, Output, Outcome, Impact) bietet hier einen Lösungsansatz.
Clawbacks und ihre Bedeutung für das Controlling
Authors: Tank Ann , Müller Fabian
Published: July 2020

Mit der Umsetzung der InstitutsVergV sowie der Novellierung des AktG infolge von ARUG II sind in Deutschland die rechtlichen Rahmenbedingungen für die Einführung von Clawback-Klauseln in die Vergütungssysteme von Führungsverantwortlichen geschaffen worden. Basierend auf diesen rechtlichen Grundlagen kann auf fehlerhaftes Verhalten von Führungskräften aus bereits abgeschlossen Vergütungsperioden, das nicht zwingend einen Strafbestandtat erfüllt, reagiert werden. Empirische Belege aus den USA zeigen bereits, dass die Berichterstattungsqualität verbessert wird und die Ausgaben für Auditmandate reduziert werden. Allerdings können mit der Implementierung von Clawback-Klauseln auch Herausforderungen und dysfunktionale Effekte für das Controlling verbunden sein. Bei der Ausgestaltung der Anreizsysteme bedarf es einer Abstimmung mit den Aufsichtsräten und den Aktionären über die Bestimmungen, unter denen ein möglicher Clawback ausgelöst werden kann. Weiterhin von Relevanz ist die Unterinvestitionsproblematik, welche dadurch entstehen kann, dass risikobehafte Investitionen reduziert werden, um mögliche Rückforderungen zu umgehen. Zudem sind steuerliche Folgen aus der Rückforderung einer bereits ausgezahlten Vergütung zu berücksichtigen.
ПІЗНАВАЛЬНИЙ ПОТЕНЦІАЛ СПЕКУЛЯТИВНОГО МИСЛЕННЯ:
Authors: Karivets Ihor Volodymyrovych
Published: July 2020

У статті автор з’ясовує питання про те, що таке спекулятивне мислення, які його основні характеристики, наголошує на тому, що людина має потребу у такому мисленні, бо вона закладена в основі її екзистенції. Як приклад прояву такого мислення, автор аналізує британську спекулятивну метафізику Абсолюту, в якій відображений розвиток спекулятивного мислення від ідеалістичного монізму та ідеалізму індивідуальності до пантеїстичного чи панпсихічного ідеалізму. Британський ідеалізм вибраний тому, що він, як і абсолютний ідеалізм Геґеля, реалізує пізнавальний потенціал спекулятивного мислення, найвищою метою якого є осягнення Абсолюту.
ФОРМУВАННЯ НЕВИЗНАНИХ ТЕРИТОРІЙ ЯК ПРОЯВ ЕРОЗІЇ ДОВІРИ ДО ІНКЛЮЗИВНИХ ІНСТИТУТІВ В УКРАЇНІ
Authors: Mishchenko Alla
Published: July 2020

Стаття присвячена виявленню взаємовпливу між ерозією довіри громадян до інклюзивних інститутів та формуванням невизнаних територій в Україні. На основі міждисциплінарного підходу, доведено, що низький рівень вертикальної взаємодії між громадянами та владою сприяють делегітимації трансформованих старих та новостворених інклюзивних інститутів, а в кризовий період (революції, перевороти), недовіра сприяє розвитку сецесіоністських рухів у найбільш нестійких регіонах. Тривалий період неефективності та центроорієнтованості екстрактивних інститутів держави сформував «суспільство втраченої довіри», яке дозволило розглядати Україну як унікальний об’єкт дослідження в Східній Європі, де легально-раціональні механізми боротьби з розвитком сецесіонізму є мало результативними й потребують асиметричних та недискримінаційних підходів в роботі з невизнаними й самопроголошеними територіями.
Estadísticas de siniestros viales con víctimas en Costa Rica para el período 2012-2016
Authors: Pérez Stéfanov Bohián
Published: July 2020

Los siniestros viales en Costa Rica han cobrado la vida de más 1897 personas entre el 2012 y el 2016, de quienes el 86% fueron hombres, la gran mayoría conductores de carro o motocicleta. Del restante 14% de mujeres que fallecieron, más del 75% fueron pasajeras de algún vehículo, peatonas o ciclistas. Estos datos plantean una hipótesis: el sistema vial y la movilidad en Costa Rica, responden a una serie de condicionantes sociales, culturales e históricas, enmarcadas dentro de un esquema patriarcal en el cual predominan actitudes y roles de masculinidad y femineidad que propician una mayor exposición al riesgo de un siniestro vial y de sufrir lesiones mortales o graves entre los hombres que entre las mujeres, resultado de un sistema vial configurado desde el simbolismo impuesto por una mal entendida masculinidad. El artículo pretende ser un insumo inicial para generar una discusión mayor y más amplia sobre el impacto que tienen en la seguridad vial los roles sociales asociados con la condición de ser hombre o mujer.
Inflation adjusted nominal deficit: a note on Robert Barro’s definition
Authors: LUPORINI VIVIANE
Published: July 2020

ABSTRACT This note discusses the concept of ‘inflation adjusted nominal deficit’ proposed by Robert Barro in light of a stock-flow consistent real deficit. It is argued that the calculation proposed by the author violates the principle of stock-flow consistency and leads one to the erroneous interpretation that a rise in the rate of inflation de- creases the government deficit in nominal terms.
Ainda sobre a conversibilidade
Authors: ARIDA PERSIO
Published: July 2020

RESUMO O documento introduz uma taxonomia 2x2 dos regimes cambiais em termos de restrições de conversibilidade (sim ou não) e a forma de determinação de preços (taxas de câmbio flutuantes versus administradas). Argumenta-se que a conversibilidade é um sinal importante para os agentes privados. A conversibilidade livre na presença de taxas de câmbio fixas reforça a credibilidade da peg; A presença de restrições à conversibilidade frente às taxas de câmbio flutuantes revela falta de confiança do Banco Central na estabilidade do padrão monetário. O primeiro foi o caso da Argentina antes do fim do plano de Cavallo; o último é o caso do Brasil hoje. A consolidação da estabilidade monetária nas circunstâncias atuais exige um esforço fiscal sustentado; entretanto, um processo pré-anunciado de elevação gradual das restrições à conversibilidade pode, de alguma maneira, aliviar esse esforço, tornando-o politicamente viável.
O Dirigismo no “Estado Neoclássico” e a Beneficência no “Estado Smithiano”
Authors: CAMARGOS LUIZ ROGÉRIO DE
Published: July 2020

RESUMO Este artigo trata dos benefícios coletivos surgidos da operação de uma economia baseada no mercado, contrastando a explicação neoclássica tradicional com a abordagem de Adam Smith em A riqueza das nações. Seu objetivo é examinar, em ambos os pensamentos, os limites explicativos e o significado de porque um resultado social benéfico emergiu de uma economia baseada no mercado.
Sistema Nacional de Farmacovigilância no Brasil e em Portugal: semelhanças, diferenças e desafios
Authors: Pepe Vera Lúcia Edais , Novaes Hillegonda Maria Dutilh
Published: July 2020

Resumo: Os Sistemas Nacionais de Farmacovigilância (SINAF), ao realizar a gestão do risco sanitário, identificam, avaliam e atuam na sua minimização, contribuindo para o uso adequado dos medicamentos, a segurança do paciente e a melhor qualidade do cuidado. O registro acelerado, cada vez mais frequente, dificulta a avaliação da eficácia e segurança de novas substâncias, agregando dificuldades para a regulação contemporânea e para a proteção da saúde. O artigo analisa, por meio da aplicação de indicadores propostos pela Organização Mundial da Saúde, os SINAF de Portugal e do Brasil. O SINAF brasileiro foi institucionalizado mais tardiamente, gera menos sinais de segurança, apresenta menor taxa de notificação de suspeitas de eventos adversos a medicamentos (EAM) e demonstra dificuldade na produção e disseminação de informação a profissionais e população. Portugal se favorece da condição de estado membro da Agência Europeia de Medicamentos. Sugere-se, ainda, que as diferenças se relacionem ao contexto político-social que dificulta a implantação das políticas públicas e compromete a efetividade do SINAF brasileiro. São desafios para os SINAF a sensibilização dos profissionais, a adoção de métodos complementares à notificação voluntária, a farmacovigilância de medicamentos biológicos e de base genética, e a avaliação do impacto de suas ações. O SINAF brasileiro tem como desafio complementar aprimorar a captação e qualidade das notificações, inclusive da indústria, gerar sinais de segurança no contexto nacional e comunicar o risco, de forma tempestiva, a profissionais e população.
Os limites do conceito de reparação de Klein e a antropofagia lacaniana na arte contemporânea
Authors: Silva Fábio Augusto Rainer Dantas de Mello , Kosovski Giselle Falbo
Published: July 2020

Resumo Este texto tem como objetivo problematizar as elaborações teóricas de Melanie Klein acerca do conceito de reparação, dando destaque a Mignon Nixon, comentadora de suas obras na interface com a arte contemporânea. Esta historiadora compreende que, na atualidade, é necessária uma antropofagia dos conceitos focados no registro simbólico de Lacan, isto é, uma crítica de sua obra por meio do retorno às teorizações de Klein no âmbito da arte. Este retorno a Klein, apoiado na crítica do que seria o ensino de Lacan, suscita questões e exige uma reflexão cuidadosa. Conforme pretendemos indicar neste artigo, tal proposta cria ruídos e um impasse no interior de seu próprio corpo teórico, sobretudo no que concerne à criação vinculada à reparação. Além disso, buscaremos indicar eixos teóricos presentes em Lacan, como o da pulsão de morte, o gozo e a lalíngua, que poderiam fazer face às questões levantadas por Nixon.
Elementos críticos de la escuela en territorio mapuche
Authors: Cuevas Héctor Torres , Carrillo Miguel Friz
Published: July 2020

RESUMEN El artículo presenta elementos críticos que caracterizan el funcionamiento de la escuela en territorio mapuche a partir de lo reflexionado con miembros de comunidades mapuches que cumplen roles a nivel familiar, social y político. La metodología de la investigación se sitúa en la antropología de la educación lo que ha favorecido una aproximación cualitativa del objeto de estudio. Los resultados evidencian dificultades de acceso a la escuela, cuestionamientos al perfil de los proyectos educativos, el establecimiento de relaciones de poder asimétricas familia-escuela y el predominio de una educación desterritorializada. Se concluye que estos elementos tensionan la construcción de procesos políticos destinados a favorecer la libre determinación educativa de la sociedad mapuche.
“Eles querem do lado de casa”: entrevistas com gestores municipais da Educação Infantil
Authors: Souza Marina Castro e , Nunes Maria Fernanda Rezende
Published: July 2020

RESUMO Este artigo tem como objetivo analisar entrevistas realizadas no âmbito de uma pesquisa sobre a expansão da pré-escola no estado do Rio de Janeiro, compreendendo esse processo em quatro municípios da Região Metropolitana, identificando aspectos polêmicos, ambiguidades, desafios e avanços. A escolha pelo estudo da política de expansão da Educação Infantil deve-se à compreensão de que toda enunciação é de natureza social, ideologicamente marcada, e que é no cotidiano, em espaços de interação social, que os sujeitos constroem seus afazeres. Os discursos são produzidos por sujeitos situados, concretos, históricos. Os referenciais foram tecidos com vários autores, especialmente com a filosofia da linguagem de Bakhtin (2003; 2006), com os estudos no campo da descentralização e da municipalização e da política da Educação Infantil (VILASBÔAS; PAIM, 2008; KRAMER, 2005, entre outros). O material revela a percepção dos gestores sobre as famílias, a ampliação da cobertura de creche e pré-escola, a formação e as demandas docentes. Este percurso analítico trouxe conclusões e proposições para as políticas, destacam-se: a existência de um olhar preconceituoso sobre as famílias e que tem colaborado para a construção de uma relação assimétrica; a obrigatoriedade da pré-escola tem induzido os municípios a criarem estratégias de expansão, porém muitas respostas são arranjos precários; a baixíssima capacidade operativa dos municípios na construção de novas pré-escolas a partir de convênios federais; a distância da democratização da creche mostra-se expressiva até para os contextos privilegiados.
Effects of storage temperature and time on false setting behavior of CPI-S Portland cement
Authors: Mota R. M. , Silva A. S. , Ramos V. H. S. , Rezende J. C. T. , Jesus E. de
Published: July 2020

Abstract The false setting is when cement stiffens prematurely in a few minutes after adding water. Some variables could cause false setting in CPI-S-32 Portland cement, for example, alkali concentration in the cement, the formation of alite (C3S) with low reactivity, and cement storage temperature and time in silos. Temperature increases cause calcium sulfate dihydrate to dehydrate, forming hemihydrate (CaSO4.0.5H2O) or anhydrite (CaSO4), which causes the false setting. In this study, the influence of cement storage temperature (100, 105, 110, 120, and 130 °C) combined with the cement storage time (30, 60, and 120 min) in a silo was studied regarding the CPI-S-32 false setting behavior. It was verified that temperatures above 110 °C and storage time above 60 min are conditions that favor the false setting of CPI-S-32 cement. Physicochemical analysis, TG/DTG, XRF, and XRD were applied as complementary analyzes for the false setting assays of CPI-S-32.
Leaching pattern of phosphate glass fertilizers with different compositions under Soxhlet distillation conditions
Authors: Mandal B. , Hazra G. , Ghosh G. K. , Das T.
Published: July 2020

Abstract Glass fertilizers in the phosphate systems were melted at 900-950 °C with a soaking period of 1 h. Leaching study of these glasses with a maximum time period of 300 h was conducted under Soxhlet distillation condition with distilled water. Weight loss and the leach rates of the glass fertilizer samples were calculated from BET surface area measurements. They were in the range of 6.3x10-3 to 2.3x10-3 g.m-2.h-1 at 90 °C. The effect of different modifier ions like Na+, Fe3+, Mg2+, Ca2+, and K+ in the basic phosphate networks on melting and time of melting has been found to be evident. The pH determination ranging from 4.80 up to 7.50 of the leachate solution at ambient temperature under varying time intervals showed interesting and regular variations. The leaching study of such glasses under Soxhlet condition showed Ca2+, Mg2+, and K+ to be good candidates as modifier towards faster leaching. The findings have been corroborated in terms of ionic size, ionic radius, and hence the ionic potential of the modifier ions incorporated into the glass structure. The application of glass fertilizers was made on kharif paddy.
Influence of preferred orientation on the bioactivity of hydroxyapatite: a potential tooth repair and implant surface coating material
Authors: Asimeng B. O. , Tiburu E. K. , Kan-Dapaah K. , Efavi J. K. , Asiamah R. , Afeke D. W.
Published: July 2020

Abstract Bioactive hydroxyapatite (HAp) material was synthesized using a simple wet chemical precipitation and heat-treatment method from snail (Achatina achatina) shells and a phosphate-containing solution. According to X-ray diffraction patterns obtained, the heat-treatment caused a crystallographic preferred orientation along the HAp c-axis and thus, affected the material mineralization and bioactivity modeled in vitro using simulated body fluid (SBF) for 7 and 21 days. After 21 days of immersion, calcium and phosphate mineral concentrations in SBF decreased by 66% and 83%, respectively. This corresponded to a transformation from a poor calcium amorphous apatite phase (calcium phosphate) to a resorbing crystalline calcium apatite indicated by scanning electron microscopy micrographs. The material crystallite size (~15 nm), lattice parameters, physicochemical properties, and morphological characteristics were all typical of the human enamel apatite and, therefore, could be considered ideal for use in tooth repairs and implant surface coatings.
Efeito das condições de queima na estabilização de um resíduo rico em CaCO3 em massa argilosa
Authors: Rodrigues L. R. , Sagrillo V. P. Della , Reis A. S. dos
Published: July 2020

Resumo A substituição de matéria-prima argilosa por resíduos industriais é uma alternativa para redução da exploração do mineral e do impacto ambiental. Nesse trabalho, o dregs (resíduo inorgânico rico em carbonato de cálcio) gerado na fabricação de celulose, foi adicionado a uma argila caulinítica nos teores de 10%, 20%, 30% e 40% (em massa). Os corpos de prova (CPs) prensados foram sinterizados em 850, 950 e 1050 °C com patamar de 180 min e em 850 e 950 °C com patamar de 300 min, visando avaliar a influência do ciclo de queima nas propriedades dos CPs. Em seguida, foram medidas as propriedades físico-mecânicas e avaliado o desenvolvimento de eflorescência, além da realização de análises por MEV e DRX após imersão dos CPs em água. Apesar da obtenção de valores satisfatórios nas propriedades físico-mecânicas após sinterização com patamar de 180 min, a presença de CaCO3 não reagido tornou necessário patamar de 300 min em 950 °C para aplicação do dregs em teores de até 20% em massa.
Roles of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on acclimatization of clones of Coffea arabica L. produced by somatic embryogenesis
Authors: Fonseca Arley José , Tassone Guilherme Augusto Teixeira , Carneiro Marco Aurélio Carbone , Carvalho Gladyston Rodrigues , Carvalho Carlos Henrique Siqueira , Botelho Cesar Elias
Published: July 2020

ABSTRACT The production of Coffea arabica L. clone seedlings through the somatic embryogenesis technique is one of the alternatives of greatest demand for coffee producers. However, clones can face difficulties related to acclimatization carried out under greenhouse conditions, which can increase the production costs. A tested alternative with promising results is inoculation with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) during the seedling acclimatization process. Thus, this study aimed to promote the improvement of the seedling production process through somatic embryogenesis associated with inoculation with AMF. For the production of the clones, seedlings were used in the phase when they presented four pairs of leaves (Clone 1 “Fruiting red Catucaí” and Clone 2 “Acauã”), using “somatic embryogenesis” bioreactors, followed by inoculation with Rhizophagus clarus, Gigaspora margarita and Acaulospora mellea, a mixture of R. clarus and G. margarita and a mixture of R. clarus, G. margarita and A. mellea. After six months, agronomic parameters, leaf nutrient contents and root mycorrhizal colonization were evaluated. The studied clones behaved differently when inoculated with AMFs. Clone 1 showed the best development in the greenhouse, which was determined by the agronomic parameters. Thus, Clone 1 is indicated for the production of vigorous seedlings when associated with inoculation with AMFs.
Pesquisa de Percepções de Estudantes do Ensino Médio sobre os Desafios Ambientais
Authors: Silva Cristine Santos de Souza da , Prochnow Tania Renata , Pellegrini Giuseppe , Bizzo Nelio
Published: July 2020

Resumo: Este estudo apresenta os resultados de uma investigação que teve por objetivo conhecer as opiniões de estudantes do Ensino Médio acerca dos desafios ambientais atuais, a fim de discutir o papel do ensino de ciências na formação de sua consciência ambiental. A pesquisa, que envolveu estudantes do ensino médio de escolas públicas e particulares da cidade de Canoas, Rio Grande do Sul, foi realizada por meio da aplicação de um questionário e os dados obtidos foram analisados em relação ao sexo e ao tipo de escola dos respondentes, por meio de ferramentas estatísticas. Os resultados demonstram que os jovens se preocupam com os problemas do ambiente e acreditam que a ciência é capaz de solucionar alguns deles, porém não demonstram otimismo em relação ao futuro do planeta. Diante disso, reforça-se a necessidade de que as problemáticas relacionadas aos desafios ambientais sejam contextualizadas no ensino de ciências, a fim de que habilidades reflexivas em relação ao tema possam ser incentivadas.
Investigação de Sequências Didáticas para o Ensino de Agroecologia
Authors: Alves Marcelo Neves , Paixão Joana Fidelis da
Published: July 2020

Resumo: Nesta pesquisa foram elaboradas, testadas e avaliadas em sala de aula, duas sequências didáticas destinadas ao ensino de Agroecologia. Preparadas com base na abordagem de Design Research, os planos de aula incluíram uso de textos com informações de base científica, contextualização dos conteúdos em relação ao cotidiano dos estudantes, processo coletivo e cooperativo de aprendizagem, entre outros. A intervenção mostrou efeitos positivos em relação aos princípios de design quanto à motivação dos estudantes e à aprendizagem de conteúdos, sobretudo quanto aos processos e linhas de produção agroecológica. Porém, alguns estudantes, ainda que tivessem que realizar pesquisas para legitimar suas opiniões, permaneceram resistentes às mudanças de entendimento, especialmente em relação às verdadeiras contribuições da Revolução Verde. Isso indica que os princípios de design utilizados devem dar mais foco para a reflexão e interpretação coletiva dos dados em sala de aula.
Un Proceso de Modelización de la Membrana Celular en la Formación del Profesorado en Biología en la Universidad
Authors: Lozano Eduardo Enrique , Adúriz-Bravo Agustín , Bahamonde Nora
Published: July 2020

Resumen: El estudio se contextualiza en la formación inicial del profesorado en Biología en el ámbito de la Universidad, en una línea de trabajo que propone que los espacios de formación disciplinar en biología que cursan los estudiantes deben estar informados e intervenidos por modelos y estrategias de enseñanza provenientes de los espacios de formación en didáctica de las ciencias naturales. Se presentan resultados de un proceso de modelización de la membrana celular a partir del análisis de un hecho científico. Se caracterizan los modelos de partida de los estudiantes, el proceso de modelización intermedia y los modelos de arribo, orientados a los aspectos de fluidez y autoensamblaje de las moléculas que componen la membrana. El análisis de las producciones nos permite inferir que los modelos iniciales que construyeron para la situación propuesta se fueron reelaborando y complejizando, y dan cuenta de una reconstrucción teórica del fenómeno, anclándolo en el modelo científico de referencia.
Antioxidant activity, antibacterial and inhibitory effect of intestinal disaccharidases of extracts obtained from Eugenia uniflora L. Seeds
Authors: Lazzarotto-Figueiró J. , Capelezzo A. P. , Schindler M. S. Z. , Fossá J. F. C. , Albeny-Simões D. , Zanatta L. , Oliveira J. V. , Dal Magro J.
Published: July 2020

Abstract The use of medicinal plants for disease prevention, treatment and cure is an ancient practice used by humanity, and many plants species are used in bioprospecting research. In this context, its stands out Eugenia uniflora L., populary known as pitangueira and belongs to the Myrtaceae family, with a wide geographic distribution and native of Brazil. In view of the therapeutic qualities of the plant and the lack of the studies on its seeds, the present study had as objective to evaluate the phytochemical profile of the extracts of Eugenia uniflora L. seeds, from different solvents, as well as their antibacterial activity, antioxidant and its inhibitory effect of intestinal disaccharidases. Results showed a high content of phenolic compounds and total flavonoids, thus characterizing antioxidant activity, also highlighting the best bacteriostatic action for the Gram positive strain of Staphylococcus aureus in the ethanolic fraction. Regarding the disaccharidases, a strong inhibitory action was observed for all concentrations, evidencing a antihyperglycemic potential. The present research allowed to concluded that Eugenia uniflora L. seeds have promising biological activities for the industrial sector, but a more detailed investigation is needed regarding their bioactive compounds.
Pathogenesis of Bovine alphaherpesvirus 2 in calves following different routes of inoculation
Authors: Amaral Bruna P. , Jardim José C. , Cargnelutti Juliana F. , Martins Mathias , Weiblen Rudi , Flores Eduardo F.
Published: July 2020

ABSTRACT: Bovine alphaherpesvirus 2 (BoHV-2) is the agent of herpetic mammilitis (BHM), a cutaneous and self-limiting disease affecting the udder and teats of cows. The pathogenesis of BoHV-2 is pourly understood, hampering the development of therapeutic drugs, vaccines and other control measures. This study investigated the pathogenesis of BoHV-2 in calves after inoculation through different routes. Three- to four-months seronegative calves were inoculated with BoHV-2 (107TCID50.mL-1) intramuscular (IM, n=4), intravenous (IV, n=4) or transdermal (TD) after mild scarification (n=4) and submitted to virological, clinical and serological monitoring. Calves inoculated by the IV route presented as light increase in body temperature between days 6 to 9 post-inoculation (pi). Virus inoculation by the TD route resulted in mild inflammatory lesions at the sites of inoculation, characterized by hyperemia, small vesicles, mild exudation and scab formation, between days 2 and 8pi. Virus or viral DNA was detected by PCR in the crusts/swabs collected from lesions of 3 out of 4 animals inoculated TD from day 2 to 8pi. Viremia was detected in 3/4 animals of the IM group (from day 4 to 8pi); in 2/4 animals of the IV group (days 6 and 8pi) but not in the TD group. Calves from all inoculated groups seroconverted to BoHV-2 in titers from 4 to 64, as indicated by virus-neutralizing (VN) assays performed in sera collected at day 15pi. Administration of dexamethasone (Dex) to the inoculated calves at day 48pi, did not result in virus reactivation as indicated by lack of virus detection in the blood and/or in inoculation sites and no increase in VN antibody titers. These results demonstrated that BoHV-2 was able to replicate efficiently in calves following different routes of exposure, produced viremia after IM and IV inoculation and was not reactivated by Dex treatment.
Actinobacillosis outbreak in cattle with clinical manifestation of hippopotamus-like face
Authors: Scheid Haide Valeska , Estima-Silva Pablo , Monteiro Francielle Liz , Marques Lucas S. , Coelho Ana Carolina B. , Lima Marcelo de , Ladeira Silvia R.L , Schild Ana Lucia
Published: July 2020

ABSTRACT: Actinobacillosis outbreak with clinical manifestation of hippopotamus-like face observed in a property located in the municipality of Capão do Leão, Southern Brazil, in September 2016, is described. The cattle herd remained for most of the year in rice stubble. When these areas were occupied with new crops, they were transferred to areas where there were small native forests. Three cattle were affected. They presented a volume increase in the nasolabial and maxillary region, and there was also regional lymph node swelling. The evolution of the disease occurred in approximately six months. In tissue fragments collected for culture, Actinobacillus lignieresii was isolated. The diagnosis was based on clinical findings, histopathological evaluation characterized by the presence of piogranulomas with Splendore Hoepli reaction in its center, bacterial isolation, and identification of A. lignieresii by polymerase chain reaction (PRC) and genetic sequencing.
Objetivos das aulas experimentais no ensino superior na visão de professores e estudantes da engenharia
Authors: Parreira Júlia Esteves , Dickman Adriana Gomes
Published: July 2020

Resumo Neste trabalho investiga-se a opinião de professores e estudantes em relação às aulas experimentais realizadas nos laboratórios de física de cursos de Engenharia. Identifica-se a consistência dos objetivos das aulas experimentais, bem como o papel de aspectos relacionados à rotina do laboratório, tais como roteiros de práticas e relatórios. Os dados, coletados por meio de questionários, mostram que há uma divergência de opinião entre professores e estudantes, indicando uma falta de sintonia em relação ao tipo de abordagem do laboratório didático de física. Por outro lado, em alguns aspectos, observa-se uma convergência de opiniões principalmente no que se refere à maior participação dos alunos nas atividades e à oportunidade de visualização da teoria na prática.
Interferência da luz: uma correlação entre o experimento de Young e a litografia interferométrica
Authors: Menezes J. W. , Valsecchi C.
Published: July 2020

Resumo Este trabalho tem como objetivo relacionar o experimento de Young com uma técnica experimental de fabricação de estruturas periódicas conhecida como litografia interferométrica de dois feixes. A relação entre os experimentos foi feita em termos de distribuição de intensidade, considerando uma abordagem vetorial, onde foi utilizado como ponto de partida a superposição de duas ondas planas. Nos limites considerados no experimento de Young, os resultados mostram que a distribuição de intensidade de ambos os experimentos coincidem. Além disso, este estudo possibilita ampliar a discussão da interferência luminosa, particularmente o uso deste fenômeno em aplicações tecnológicas.
The relationship between low-intensity exercise and psychological distress among college students
Authors: Zhu Ergang , Sun Jun , Du Tianhua
Published: July 2020

SUMMARY OBJECTIVE The purpose of our study was to confirm the relationship between low-intensity exercise and physical and mental health status among college students in China. METHODS This was a school-based cross-sectional study. The physical and mental health status was measured using a 12-item general health questionnaire(GHQ12) and low-intensity exercise was recorded by a self-reporting questionnaire. RESULTS The results revealed that the score of the GHQ12 was inversely associated with a higher frequency of low-intensity exercise (r=-0.38,p=0.001). CONCLUSIONS Our study suggests that low-intensity exercise may be a proper mean for improving the physical and mental health status of college students. School departments should take measures to push students to take part in physical activity.
TMPO-AS1 is an independent prognostic factor for patients with laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Zhang Lihua , Zhang Yu , Zhang Chunjie , Hou Yun , Tian Fang
Published: July 2020

SUMMARY OBJECTIVE Long noncoding RNA (lncRNAs) are frequently abnormally expressed in tumors and involved in the occurrence and progression of human cancer. Recently, a disease-related lncRNA, TMPO antisense RNA 1 (TMPO-AS1), was identified to be dysregulated in several tumors. Hence, we aimed to demonstrate whether TMPO-AS1 could be a promising prognostic marker for patients with laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC). METHODS RT-PCR was performed to test TMPO-AS1 expressions in 187 LSCC specimens compared with matched normal specimens. Chi-squared tests were used to determine the associations between TMPO-AS1 expressions and the clinicopathological characteristics of LSCC patients. Then, the clinical outcome of LSCC patients who had lower or higher TMPO-AS1 expression was analyzed using Kaplan-Meier assays. Finally, a Cox proportional hazards model was carried out to evaluate the prognostic values of TMPO-AS1 and other clinical features. RESULTS We found that TMPO-AS1 was distinctly upregulated in human LSCC tissues compared with corresponding normal specimens (p < 0.01). Higher expressions of TMPO-AS1 were observed to be positively associated with the clinical stage (p = 0.020) and lymph node metastasis (p = 0.027). A clinical study in 187 patients revealed that patients with TMPO-AS1 low expressions had poorer survival than those with TMPO-AS1 high expressions (p = 0.0012). In addition, the result of multivariate assays demonstrated TMPO-AS1 expression is an independent predictor for the overall survival of LSCC patients. CONCLUSIONS TMPO-AS1 might be considered a novel molecule involved in LSCC progression, which provides a possible prognostic biomarker.
Homeobox B2 is a potential prognostic biomarker of glioblastoma
Authors: Li Ming , Wang Jiu-Fei , Liu Bo , Wang Xiao-Min
Published: July 2020

SUMMARY OBJECTIVES HOXB2 is a new prognostic indicator for lung cancer. But it is unclear whether HOXB2 holds an effect in glioblastoma (GBM) progression. The purpose of this article was to probe the influences of HOXB2 on GBM pathogenesis. METHODS HOXB2 expression level and prognostic power in GBM patients were analyzed. Then the mRNA and protein expression levels of HOXB2 in GBM cell lines were tested by qRT-PCR and western blotting. Cell proliferation, invasion, and migration were determined by CCK8 and transwell assay, severally. The protein levels of PI3K/AKT-pathway associated proteins were analyzed by western blotting. RESULTS The results indicated that HOXB2 was distinctly overexpressed in GBM patients and high expression of HOXB2 was related to a poor prognosis. Moreover, the expression of HOXB2 was higher in all GBM cell lines U251, U-87MG, GOS-3 than that in HEB cells (normal control). Meanwhile, decreased expression of p-PI3K and p-AKT were identified after HOXB2 knockdown. CONCLUSIONS These data demonstrated that HOXB2 had a vital role in GBM progression and could serve as a promising target for GBM treatment.
Medical Interns and COVID-19: results of national research
Authors: Carrascosa Maria M. C. , Campos Tercio de , Sampaio Jéssica E. , Souza Rafaella R. F. , Ribeiro Vitória L. , Maia Maria L. N. , Gama Laura C. L. , Severino Mariana P. , Semer Nathan K. , Rondon Otávio , Silva Juliana B. M. , Miyazi Mariana , Domingues Samara R. , Batalha Nathália E. S. , Martins Delio E.
Published: July 2020

SUMMARY OBJECTIVE Assess the impact of COVID-19 on medical students’ internships in public and private institutions in Brasil, in addition to estimating the quality of the measures taken by their respective Universities in the face of the problem and the availability of personal protective equipment (PPE). METHODS A descriptive cross-sectional quantitative analysis study carried out with 317 students undergoing medical internship from March 31, 2020, to April 12, 2020. The survey was conducted through an online questionnaire using the SurveyMonkey tool with 20 questions. Interns from the fourth to the sixth year of medical schools in the country were randomly included in the study through a survey sent by Whatsapp application. Statistical analysis was performed using the Chi-Square, considering p <0.05 as significant. RESULTS Four main topics were identified in the research: student demographic data; how classes and courses are being taught; the use and ease of access to personal protective equipment and the students’ fears and perspectives for the future. CONCLUSION The study clarified that although half of the students still have some degree of content and, in their majority, they are satisfied, there is still a lot of difficulty in obtaining personal protective equipment, which prevents students from returning safely to their internships.
Use of remdesivir for patients with Covid-19: a review article
Authors: Azevedo Thomás Cavalcanti Pires de , Azevedo Pedro Cavalcanti Pires de , Silveira Filho Robson Natario , Carvalho Arthur Ricardo Vilar Scavuzzi de , Cezarotti Filho Murilo Lobo , Barbosa Fabiano Timbó , Sousa-Rodrigues Célio Fernando de , Matos-Rocha Thiago José , Ramos Fernando Wagner da Silva
Published: July 2020

SUMMARY The etiological agent of COVID-19, which causes severe respiratory diseases such as pneumonia and pulmonary insufficiency, has been confirmed as a new coronavirus, now known as Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). There is currently no authorized medication for the treatment of COVID-19. No vaccines have been authorized. Thus, this study aimed at conducting a review of the use of Remdesivir in patients with COVID-19. The following electronic databases were used MEDLINE, SCIELO, LILACS, and PUBMED. On May 1, Remdesivir received emergency use authorization from the Food and Drug Administration. Remdesivir is currently the most promising molecule in the treatment of COVID-19, taking into account its broad antiviral spectrum (considering the genetic sequences of the virus, it is expected to maintain activity against SARS-CoV-2). There is in vitro and in vivo information available for coronaviruses, as well as an extensive clinical safety database (from a clinical trial of the Ebola virus and in the context of the Monitored Emergency Use of Unregistered and Investigational Interventions - MEURI). Further studies are relevant as available data on the efficacy and safety of Remdesivir against SARS-nCoV-2 are limited.
Biofilm production by coagulase-negative Staphylococcus: a review
Authors: Gonçalves Thaís Gonçalves , Timm Cláudio Dias
Published: July 2020

ABSTRACT: This review aimed to describe the biofilm formation ability of coagulase-negative Staphylococcus, addressing its impact to the food industry. Coagulase-negative Staphylococcus have the ability to produce enterotoxins in food, making it an important line of study, as it constitutes a risk to public health. The biofilm formation by these microorganisms requires physicochemical processes, such as hydrophobic forces, which are essential for the first phase of fixing the biofilm on the surface. In industrial facilities, stainless steel equipment is the most associated with the formation of biofilms, due to the presence grooves and cracks. Many species of coagulase-negative Staphylococcus produce biofilm, but the most studied is S. epidermidis, as it is the most frequently isolated from food. Coagulase-negative Staphylococcus form biofilm on different surfaces in the food industry, and can become a source of permanent contamination, that can be present in the final product, intended for human consumption. Among other alternatives to combat the formation of biofilm in industrial food facilities, there is the implementation of Good Manufacturing Practices, which is effective in preventing bacterial adhesion, and therefore, the formation of biofilm. However, further studies are needed in order to quantify the occurrence of coagulase-negative Staphylococcus biofilms in the food industry.
Análise das Percepções de Internos, Residentes e Preceptores por meio do Método de Avaliação Mini-CEX (Mini-Clinical Evaluation Exercise)
Authors: Marinho Mayra Costa Baltazar , Castro Júnior Euton Freitas de , Lauterbach Gerhard da Paz , Nunes Maria do Patrocínio Tenório , Augusto Kristopherson Lustosa
Published: July 2020

Abstract: Introduction: Mini-CEX is an evaluation method that covers the domains: anamnesis, physical examination, counseling, clinical judgment, organization, and professionalism. It has been tested and validated for use in any practice scenario. With its characteristic of providing feedback after a clinical assessment, the Mini-CEX can also be used as a training method to guide the professional development of students and teachers, promoting greater knowledge retention in undergraduate students and continuously providing information for students to realize how far they are from the desired objectives. The aim of this study was to assess the perception of interns, residents, and preceptors of Internal Medicine (IM) regarding the Mini-CEX instrument. Methods: Qualitative study, using the focus group technique, carried out from February to July 2017. Twenty interns, thirteen residents, and five IM preceptors participated. It consisted of six focus groups, two with interns, two with residents, and two with preceptors, using semi-structured questions that identified perceptions, through the methodology used, on the quality of the evaluation and possible repercussions for the teaching-learning process. Results: In the focus group of interns, the feedback moment of the assessment was considered essential for the learning process, although the bedside assessment was tense due to the preceptor’s presence. The residents reported that the evaluation was a valid one, as it led them to review some points in the medical literature, in addition to stimulating clinical reasoning in the face of a real situation. The preceptors validated the importance of the feedback for those who were evaluated and identified the bedside assessment as a moment for the best analysis of the individualities. Conclusion: Through the perceptions of the groups in focus, the mini-CEX was identified as a fundamental instrument for the teaching and learning process of all those involved and the need to structure the moment of feedback aiming to attain a more effective result. During the bedside assessment, the stimulus to clinical reasoning was identified as a positive point and the strangeness, anxiety, and tension as negative points.
‘Já me acostumei’: interfaces entre trabalho, corpo e saúde de catadores de materiais recicláveis
Authors: Basso Cheila , Silva Ivone Maria Mendes
Published: July 2020

Resumo O contexto social do sistema capitalista de produção impõe efeitos às relações de trabalho, tais como os cenários de precarização marcados pela instabilidade e insegurança para os trabalhadores. Propõe-se aqui a discussão de dados derivados de um estudo qualitativo realizado no município de Erechim, Rio Grande do Sul, de fevereiro a abril de 2018, o qual investigou a relação entre trabalho, corporeidade e saúde com base na análise de narrativas produzidas por catadores de materiais recicláveis e incursões etnográficas em seu contexto laboral. Buscou-se problematizar a incidência de entrega do corpo ao trabalho e suas repercussões no caso dos catadores participantes da pesquisa, considerando a dinâmica da saúde que integra as dimensões física, psicológica e social desses sujeitos. Os resultados indicam as circunstâncias de vulnerabilidade a que são expostos. Como se depreende de suas narrativas, o trabalho se vincula à necessidade, levando-os a desconsiderar as condições adversas implicadas em sua realização ou se adaptar a elas, ainda que os custos desse processo sejam altos. Tal realidade indica a premência de análises sobre as relações entre trabalho, saúde e desigualdade social no contexto brasileiro, considerando-se que saúde é um direito humano fundamental e seu usufruto deve estar ao alcance de todos.
Eco-friendly extraction and simultaneous determination of two coumarins in Justicia pectoralis (Acanthaceae)
Authors: Lima Alessandra Ribeiro Sartor , Lôbo Luan Augusto Cândido , Costa Thaísa Lorrana da Cruz , Peixoto Josana de Castro , Borges Leonardo Luiz , Amaral Vanessa Cristiane de Santana , Paula Joelma Abadia Marciano de
Published: July 2020

Abstract Justicia pectoralis (Acanthaceae) is employed in folk medicine for its analgesic, anti-inflammatory and sedative effects and to treat respiratory diseases. It is known for properties of its coumarins, 1,2-benzopyrone and umbelliferone. A green, simple, fast, and inexpensive ultrasound-assisted extractive (UAE) method for extracting umbelliferone and 1,2-benzopyrone from Justicia pectoralis was optimized. Additionally, a HPLC analytical method was developed and validated for the simultaneous determination of both coumarins. The Box-Behnken design and response surface methodology were used to evaluate the UAE process. Ethanol concentration, extraction time, plant-to-solvent ratio were the independent variables studied and the coumarin content was the dependent one. The HPLC-UV/VIS method was validated in terms of recovery, linearity, accuracy, precision and robustness, proving to be valuable for the quality control of Justicia pectoralis extract and in the development of its herbal products. Results show that the optimal UAE conditions were: ethanol concentration of 15% (w/w), extraction time of 34 min and plant-to-solvent ratio of 0.1 g/mL. The predicted values of coumarin contents (22.16 µg/mL - umbelliferone and 163.86 µg/mL - benzopyrone) were determined under the optimal UAE conditions and proved that UAE is an efficient and eco-friendly extractive process for the production of aerial part extracts from Justicia pectoralis.