bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Physicochemical and photodegradation characteristics of hematite-biochar nanocomposite prepared from bamboo sawdust
Authors: Astuti W , Musfiroh R , Yahya A A , Sulistyaningsih T , Rusiyanto
Published: February 2022

This work implicates the synthesis of biochar-hematite nanocomposite from bamboo sawdust and its photodegradation characteristic for remazol brilliant blue. The nanocomposite was prepared through a one-step pyrolysis process in a tubular furnace under a flow of nitrogen and impregnation using FeSO4.7H2O and FeCl3.6H2O. The physicochemical properties were characterized by x-ray diffraction and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, which confirmed that hematite was successfully identified on the surface of the nanocomposite. The results also show that the nanocomposite is suitable for photodegradation application. The decolorization of remazol brilliant blue is suitable with the Langmuir isotherm model and pseudo-second-order kinetic model. At pH = 1, initial concentration = 200 mg/L, contact time = 60 minute and nanocomposite dosage 0.4 g/L, the decolorization efficiency reached 96.9%.
Collagen face spray: facial moisturizer from chicken egg shell membrane to prevent premature aging
Authors: Agustin E W , Tassabila D E C , Nisa Z A , Rizqi I K , Safitri E N , Sulistiyowati M I
Published: February 2022

Skin is often exposed to various factors, so the premature aging process become one of the public’s concerns. One of the efforts to maintain skin beauty and prevent premature aging is to fulfil the intake of collagen in the skin. Collagen is a protein, which one is found at chicken egg shells membrane. So far, chicken egg shells are only seen as waste, pollute the environment and are not used properly. Therefore, this innovation to making face spray cosmetic products appears to be a new breakthrough in the utilization and waste treatment. It can function to moisturize and nourish the skin, soothe facial skin, anti-aging, relieves redness on sensitive skin and can give a smooth impression on makeup. The method used in this research is an experiment, the results based on anatomical pathology tests using microscopic 400x magnification with Sirius red staining obtained 52.8% collagen content in egg shell membrane, and pH test obtained value of pH 5.4 which meets the requirements for the safe value for the skin pH 4.5-6.5 and the results of the organoleptic test on collagen face spray product are odorless, colorless, and the material is in the form of a liquid face spray cosmetic.
Challenges and possibilities of implementing sustainable palm oil industry in Indonesia
Authors: Sylvia N , Rinaldi W , Muslim A , Husin H , Yunardi
Published: February 2022

Indonesia has emerged into the largest palm oil-producing nation in just a few decades, leaving Malaysia behind. Undeniably, palm oil has substantially contributed to the country’s economic development. Nonetheless, it comes with refutation for deforestation, environmental degradation, and social tensions, are also evident. The palm oil industry has been recognized as one of the major producers of greenhouse gases, including CO2. The Government of Indonesia (GOI) is committed to maintaining the palm oil industry, despite the strain of the European Union, as millions of workers depend on these industries for their livelihoods. The GOI requests that each palm oil firm pursue the Indonesian Sustainable Palm Oil (ISPO) certification regarding the adverse impacts. Around 20% of the country’s entire palm oil industry has received an ISPO certificate. By 2023, all palm oil companies must be ISPO accredited, as this regulation is compulsory. By reducing CO2 and other greenhouse gasses, implementing all the ISPO guidelines in the palm oil industry will support the industry and protect the environment. This paper will review the implementation of sustainable Indonesia’s palm oil industry under the current situation, corresponding with ISPO and RSPO (Roundtable Sustainable Palm Oil).
Metal adsorption of Pb and Fe in refillable drinking water in Semarang City using Powdered Activated Carbon (PAC) based on coconut shell and ozonation technology
Authors: Pradnya I N , Verren L N , Permana J A
Published: February 2022

Drinking Water Refilling Depot (DAMIU) is one of the most common sources of drinking water. Drinking water quality standards have been regulated in PERMENKES No. 492 Year 2010 concerning Drinking Water Requirements. Drinking water samples were taken at two DAMIU, which using a reverse osmosis process, located in Semarang. The sample contained metal contents (Pb and Fe) that exceeded the quality standards. The Pb metal content ranged from 0,17-0,18 mg/L with a quality standard of 0,01 mg/L and Fe metal content ranged from 0,43-0,48 mg/L with a quality standard of 0,3 mg/L. In this study, to reduce the levels of Pb and Fe metals are using adsorption and ozonation technology. Adsorption was carried out using powdered activated carbon from coconut shell with a particle size of 100 mesh, variations of dose used were 2, 3, 4, and 5 g. The variation of adsorption and ozonation contact time were 20, 40, and 60 minutes. The highest adsorption method efficiency with a 2 g dose and a 60 minutes time, with Pb and Fe levels are 97,2% and 97,0%, respectively. Meanwhile, the highest ozone efficiency was at 60 minutes with Pb and Fe levels of 90,7% and 92,3% respectively.
Face mask detection services of Covid19 monitoring system to maintain a safe environment using deep learning method
Authors: Djuniadi  , Iksan N , Hastawan A F , Suni A F , Firdaus A A , Hidayati L , Setiawan D K , Udayanti E D , Prasetyanto F
Published: February 2022

COVID19 has become one of the pandemic diseases that hit the world, including in Indonesia. Efforts to prevent the spread of this virus have been carried out, including by implementing health protocols, provide information services for the spread of the virus and emergency response, detection services for people suspected and infected with the virus and programs for preventing the spread of the virus and vaccination for all elements of society in Indonesia. This research focuses on the development of face mask detection system to detect the use of mask by people using deep learning method that focuses more on object detection. Face masked detection systems can be used to assist in monitoring compliance with the use of masks in public areas that have the potential to cause crowds so as to create a safe environment. The use of the Deep Learning method through the MobileNets V2 architecture was quite effective and gives an accuracy result in testing the classification training data of 0.99 at 10 epochs and has also been implemented in real-time direct testing.
Physical comparison of parijoto fruit from hydroponic farming with parijoto fruit from natural plantations
Authors: Ansori M , Putri M F , Widayani S , Karnowo  , Lestari N H , Eryanti C D , Izzah A M , Natalia L
Published: February 2022

One of the advantages of hydroponic systems is that plants can be cultivated under controlled environmental conditions. The parijoto fruit plant has also been successfully cultivated with a bucket hydroponic system. This fruit has been shown to have a high antioxidant capacity. In this study wanted to compare the physical characteristics of parijoto fruit grown with hydroponic farming, with parijoto fruit obtained from the garden naturally. The method used in this study is to buy the seeds of the parijoto plant. It later developed it in the hydroponic farming, Dutch Bucket System, DFT (Deep Flow Technique). After the plant is fruited and ripe, parijoto fruit is picked and subjected to physical testing. Similar tests were imposed on samples of parijoto fruit obtained from natural plantations. The results of the test are further compared. Based on physical testing data obtained the conclusion that the diameter of parijoto fruit produced by hydroponic agriculture has a smaller diameter than the diameter of parijoto fruit produced by natural plantations. Lighter fruit weight, almost the same purple color, have the same moisture content, the same sugar content, higher pH value, as well as lower mineral levels.
Identification of microwave heating system with symmetrical octagonal tube cavity using ARX model
Authors: Prastiyanto D , Apriaskar E , Handayani P A , Destanto R , Malik M A , Ramadhan A E
Published: February 2022

As one of the complex technologies in the heating process, microwave heating system has gained attentions in the recent years. A further development of microwave heating control technology becomes necessary considering its superiorities in less energy consumption, volumetric heating ability and satisfying mechanical properties. Several studies on microwave heating system modelling were conducted to encourage the controller design. This work presents the modelling of a microwave heating system using autoregressive with exogenous variables or so-called ARX. The modelling conducted in this research applied the approach of input-output identification method. The generation of input-output datasets for the identification of microwave heating system was carried out in COMSOL simulation environment using symmetrical octagonal tube cavity design with two magnetrons as the inputs and five temperature sensors as the output measurement devices. For the validation and evaluation of the approach, MATLAB identification system toolbox was utilized to find the best ARX model based on the given input-output datasets. The validation test shows that the best ARX model can reach more than 93% in the fit value given all the datasets for all the outputs, while for the evaluation using the perturbed signals from the outside of datasets, the chosen model can obtain 97.35% in the average of the fit value for all the outputs.
Simulation study of Al2O3-H2O nanofluids as radiator coolant using computational fluid dynamics method
Authors: Anis S , Kayunda Y C , Kusumastuti A , Simanjutak J P
Published: February 2022

The objective of this study was to investigate the influence of nanofluid concentration on the heat transfer rate of radiator pipes. This study used computational fluid dynamics simulation method of ANSYS Fluid Flow Fluent software. The working fluid used in this study was nanofluid prepared of Al2O3 and H2O mixture. Simulation was performed at various Al2O3 nanoparticles concentration ranging from 0 to 1%. The velocity and inlet temperature of nanofluid were set at 0.4 m/s and 130°C, respectively. The results of the simulation showed that the heat transfer rate and outlet temperature of nanofluid were influenced by the nanoparticles concentration. The rate of heat transfer increased with the increased of nanoparticles concentration. Among the tested concentration, 1% Al2O3 provided better heat transfer activity in which it is capable to reduce the high inlet fluid temperature to become about 80°C, very close to the recommended working conditions.
Design of a solar power plant system for micro, small, medium enterprise uses PVSyst 7.1 as a renewable energy alternative source in remote areas
Authors: Windarta J , Handoko S , Sukmadi T , Nafadinanto K , Muqtasida S , Halim C
Published: February 2022

PLN electricity distribution goal for remote areas is not achieved yet so that alternative sources are needed, for instance, solar power plants. The purpose of this study is to design and analyze the solar power plant potential with an off-grid system that is used to supply SME electricity in electrical and economic terms. The daily load data profile used by SME is 1.8 kWh. This study uses PVSyst 7.0 software as design tool simulation system and RETscreen software as an economic analysis tool simulation. The result of this solar power plant system design requires a 700Wp solar module, 24V 160Ah battery, 24V 1000W inverter, and SCC 30A. With the planned system design, the electrical energy generated in the PVSyst simulation in one day is estimated to reach 2 kWh with the use of 50% Deep of Discharge battery capacity considering the length of battery life span. To return the investment cost of this solar power plant system, PLN electricity cost needed is Rp 2,664.
Zeolite catalytic pyrolysis of waste tire into fuel in gasoline hydrocarbon range
Authors: Suhartono  , Harsanti M , Septiyanti W , Suharto  , Achmad F
Published: February 2022

The increasing production of automotive vehicles has led to a significant increase in the rate of waste tire generation. Approximately 160 tons/day of waste tire are produced in Bandung City which will eventually become an environmental problem. However, the pyrolysis process can be applied as a technology to treat waste tire to produce valuable hydrocarbon products. This study addressed the description effect of used tire waste on the yield, properties, and composition of tire pyrolysis oil (TPO) products. The effect of zeolite catalysts on TPO was also studied. 500 g of the waste tire was pyrolyzed using a small tube reactor containing a zeolite catalyst at various temperatures of 300-450 °C for 60 minutes. From the present work, the highest TPO product yield of 36.6 %-wt was obtained during the pyrolysis of the waste tire. The characteristics of TPO as a fuel, such as viscosity and density are close to those of gasoline fuel with a heating value of about 44 MJ/kg. The compounds contained in TPO were classified into hydrocarbon groups compounds as commercial fuel which are included as compounds of aromatics, paraffin, naphthenes, and cycloparaffins through the results of GC-MS spectrum analysis. The TPO from waste tire pyrolysis is on par with the hydrocarbon range of gasoline (C7-C11).
Assessment of lighting system in library room of E11 building, Universitas Negeri Semarang
Authors: Hangga A , Putri R D M , Pratama D , Nisa A M , Aziz M A , Apriliyanto M
Published: February 2022

Lighting is primary factors for visual comfort in the library. The library of Universitas Negeri Semarang had the illuminance of 97 – 672 lux. Based on SNI 6197-2011, the library must have a minimum illuminance of 300 lux. This study aims to assess the quality of lighting, design the layout and lighting system using Dialux evo 9.2 software. This research was expected for the best layout design to support the lighting system to follow SNI 6197-2011. This research used the library of E11 Building, Universitas Negeri Semarang with dimension of 8.6 m x 5.7 m x 3.4 m. This research was carried out by redesigning the layout of the furniture, replacing the type of lamp and armature and calculating the efficiency electricity cost. The results declared that the quality of lighting in the library using TL-D 36W did not achieve SNI 6197-2011. Redesigning of furniture layout and replacing of TL-D with LED tube are solutions to achieve the minimum illuminance. In addition, replacing TL-D with LED Tube can save electricity costs ranging from 64% – 69% per year.
Textile natural dye powder of Terminalia catappa leaves
Authors: Krisnawati M , Cahyani I W N , Paramita O , Kusumastuti A
Published: February 2022

This study was carried out to utilize the extract of Terminalia catappa leaves as natural dyes powder on cotton fabric using alum mordant and various solvents. Terminalia catappa leaves were extracted using solvents of water, 25% ethanol, 50% ethanol, 75% ethanol, and 100% ethanol at a ratio of 1:10 with pre-mordanting and fixation methods. Natural dyes powder was characterized using parameters of colour direction, colour intensity, and colour fastness. It was found that type of solvent affected the colour direction and colour intensity. The results revealed the direction of yellow-green to brown colour. It can be concluded that extract of Terminalia catappa leaves could be used for the production of natural dyes powder on cotton fabric.
Production of bay leaf instant powder drink using different amounts of rock sugar to the level of preference and nutrient content (carbohydrates and flavonoids)
Authors: Wahyuningsih  , Safitri Y , Rosidah  , Agustina T
Published: February 2022

The purpose of this research is to find out about people’s level of likeness, and nutrient content (carbohydrates & flavonoids) of instant bay leaf powder beverage with different amounts of rock sugar (60 gr, 80 gr, and 100 gr). This research used experimental method. The experimental design was the perfectly randomized design. The likeness test was analysed using a descriptive percentage analysis to determine people’s level of likeness. Nutrient content (carbohydrates and flavonoids) was determined by laboratory tests. The results showed that people’s level of likeness for instant bay leaf powder beverage for sample A, B and C respectively were 82.6339%, 82.3214%, 76.2946%. The three scores fall into “like” category and sample A is the most liked sample. The results of laboratory tests for carbohydrate in sample A, B and C respectively were 73.2511%, 76.2217%, 78.8552%. Meanwhile the result for flavonoids in sample A, B and C respectively were 0.0638%, 0.0636%, 0.0472%.
The use of Siam weed (Eupatorium Odoratum l.) as natural dye in eco-print with pounding technique
Authors: Musdalifah  , Maulina R D , Nurmasitah S , Damayanti A
Published: February 2022

To reduce the negative impact caused by synthetic dyes, development and exploration are carried out with the use of Siam weeds (Eupatorium odoratum L) as an alternative. It has main component such as tannin, phenol, flavonoids, saponins and steroid. The method in the study used a quasi – experimental design with a control group research design with descriptive analysis. To make the color solutions by hot extraction, pre-mordant using alum was carried out in 15 times. The post mordanting process used 3 types of mordant; alum, quicklime, andtunjung. Organoleptic test used to test the contrast, the suitability of the dyeing result, and the color of eco-print motif using the pounding technique. The result showed that Siam weed can be used as natural dyes for textile. The color direction of dyeing with mordant alum fixation produced a dawn blue, quicklime produced silver cloud, andtunjungproduced dusty olive. While the color result of eco-print on alum fixation was tea color, quicklime was mistletoe and olive branch, andtunjungwas deep lichen green. The dark color result on thetunjungfixation and the lightness color on alum fixation.
Quality of motif, colors and fastness of Sekar Ayu ecoprint products in terms of mordant type, natural dyes, and types of leaves on silk fabrics
Authors: Wahyuningsih S E , Kusumastuti A , Krisnawati M , Paramita O , Yuniar M , Furi M R
Published: February 2022

The purpose of this study was to describe the ecoprint quality of silk fabrics with different natural dyes in terms of the aesthetics of the motif, and the color and fastness of washing and rubbing. This research method is experimental research with descriptive percentage analysis. Experiments using tunjung and alum mordant as well as teak leaf ecoprints, Japanese papaya (Cnidoscolus aconitifolius), cherry leaves (Muntingia calabura), and Jatropha wulung leaves as well as natural colors tegeran, jelawe, and indigovera. Methods of collecting data by experiment, observation and from the test results in the textile laboratory. The results showed that the Aesthetic Quality of the silk fabric ecoprint motif was very good, and the use of natural dyes of jelawe and tunjung mordant produced the best motifs. The results of laboratory tests showed the color direction of the ecoprint fabric was the best with alum mordant and natural dye tegeran with the highest L* 80.90 value. The results of the fastness of ecoprint fabrics against soap washing on silk fabrics using natural dyes of jelawe, mordant alum showed the best because it resulted in a score of 4 in the ‘Good’ category and the others obtained 3-4 so that the category was sufficient. The value of fastness to wet cloth rubbing on ecoprint silk fabrics overall shows good because it produces a score of 4-5 in the ‘Good’ category.
The impact of different types of mordant on the eco-print dyeing using tingi (Ceriops tagal)
Authors: Nurmasitah S , Solikhah R , Widowati  , Milannisa A S
Published: February 2022

The purposes of this study are (1) to determine the effect of mordan tawas, tunjung, and tannins on the ecoprint dyeing result using Tingi (Ceriops tagal) dye on primisima fabrics (2) to find the best results in ecoprint dyeing using different types of mordan including the pattern clarity, colour sharpness, colour fairness, and colour absorption. The method of this research is experimental. The independent variables are mordan tawas, tunjung and tannins. The dependent variables are the ecoprint dyeing results including the pattern clarity, colour sharpness, colour fairness, and colour absorption. The control variables are Tingi (Ceriops tagal) dye, mordaning technique, and primisima fabric. The data of the study were collected by using observation. There were 5 ecoprint treatment samples used in the design of this study, i.e. sample A - using mordan tawas on the main fabric, Tingi (Ceriops tagal) dye on blanket and mordan tawas in the fixation; sample B - using mordan tawas on the main fabric, Tingi (Ceriops tagal) dye on the blanket, and mordan tunjung in the fixation; sample C - using mordan tunjung on the main fabric, Tingi (Ceriops tagal) dye on the blanket, and mordan tawas in the fixation; sample D - using mordan tunjung on the main fabric, Tingi (Ceriops tagal) dye on the blanket, and mordan tunjung in the fixation; sample E - using mordan tannin on the main fabric, Tingi (Ceriops tagal) dye on the blanket, and mordan tawas in the fixation; and sample F - using mordan tannin on the main fabric, Tingi (Ceriops tagal) dye on the blanket, and mordan tunjung in the fixation. Based on the test of pattern clarity, colour sharpness, colour fairness, and colour absorption, the best ecoprint treatment is shown in sample A, which is the ecoprint treatment using mordan tawas on the main fabric, Tingi (Ceriops tagal) dye on the blanket, and mordan tawas in the fixation.
The impact of the use of different mordantt types on the ecoprint dyeing using tegeran (Cudraina javanensis) dye on primisima fabric
Authors: Sholikhah R , Widowati  , Nurmasitah S , Nafi’ah R
Published: February 2022

The purposes of this study are (1) to determine the effect of mordantt tawas, tunjung, and tannins on the ecoprint dyeing result using tegeran (cudraina javanensis) dye on primisima fabrics (2) to find the best results in ecoprint dyeing using different types of mordantt including the pattern clarity, colour sharpness, colour fairness, and colour absorption. The method of this research is experimental. The independent variables are mordantt tawas, tunjung and tannins. The dependent variables are the ecoprint dyeing results including the pattern clarity, colour sharpness, colour fairness, and colour absorption. The control variables are tegeran (cudraina javanensis) dye, mordantting technique, and primisima fabric. The data of the study were collected by using observation. Based on the test of pattern clarity, colour sharpness, colour fairness, and colour absorption, the best ecoprint treatment is shown in sample C, which is the ecoprint treatment using mordantt tunjung on the main fabric, tegeran (cudraina javanensis) dye on the blanket, and mordantt tawas in the fixation.
Preparation and characterization of RHA based ceramic membrane for gas leak testing in SOFC seals
Authors: Gunawan  , Sulistyo  , Setiawan I
Published: February 2022

Solid Oxide Fuel Cell (SOFC) systems show great potential in future power generation applications. SOFC has many advantages, including high efficiency, low emission, and flexible modular structure. SOFC is an electrochemical device that converts fuel into electricity directly. If hydrogen gas is used, it will produce electricity and waste products in the form of heat and water vapor. The complete SOFC module system consists of a furnace, cell stack, fuel and oxygen. Several parameters that affect SOFC performance are fuel flow rate, furnace temperature, cell material, and collector current. SOFC consists of anode, electrolyte, cathode, and current collector. These parameters have a correlation with each other in building a SOFC system, resulting in a good cell and optimal output voltage. SOFC based on electrolyte material yttria stabilized zirconia (YSZ) operates at working temperatures between 600 to 1,000°C, so all materials used must be able to withstand these temperatures. In the empirical case to separate each function of the components in the fuel cell, a sealant is needed. The sealant function prevents fuel and oxidant leakage in the stack and electrically isolates the cells in the stack. So the other sealant material requirements are to have thermal and chemical compatibility with other cell components, chemically and physically stable at high temperatures and have good mechanical strength. The composition of the material (RHA, CaO, Al2O3, MgO and BaO) with six formulations (F1-F6) which was determined as a gas leak test specimen through a synthesis process using the ball mill method for 12 hours resulted in a grain variation between 3.808 um – 19.631 um. The production of gas leak test specimens was successfully carried out by molding which was designed to be effective using a material weight of 1.5 grams with a 96% PVA binder as much as 20% by weight. The size of the specimen obtained in the form of a membrane with a thickness of 1-1.1mm. The preparation of the test material can be continued in the next gas leak test process.
Technical analysis feasibility solar power plant on-grid system design in Junior High School 3 Purwodadi
Authors: Windarta J , Sinuraya E S , Karnoto  , Kurniawan I , Diansyah I M N
Published: February 2022

Indonesia’s commitment to reduce greenhouse gases by 29 % by transforming into uses of renewable energy 23 % in 2025 has been written on Paris Agreement 2015. The increasing growth rate of energy demand each year becomes a new problem for Indonesia, if Indonesia is still dependent on fossil energy. The energy demand in Indonesia in 2020 is 268 TWh and it is estimated that it will be 364 TWh in 2025. Indonesia is located on the equator and has very large solar potential. Data from National Energy Council (DEN) shows that solar power potential in Indonesia is 207.9 GW, while the current installed in Indonesia has only reached 100 MW or 0.05% of the total. The need for early awareness becomes a priority to support the creation of awareness of the importance of renewable energy. This study was conducted to assess the potential of solar power on SMP N 3 Purwodadi. The study uses PVSyst 7.1 software with variation of photovoltaic panels ranging from 1040 wp to 1350 wp to get annual generated electric power. Results of this study showed that installation of solar power on SMPN 3 Purwodadi generated electrical power from 1516 kWh to 2205 kWh.
Risk management for energy efficiency in information technology project: a case of a government agencies in Indonesia
Authors: Wahyudi A S T , Raharjo T , Wantania L J
Published: February 2022

The Research and Development Agency and Books Secretariat is a government organizational unit that uses vendor services (outsourcing) in information technology (IT) projects. However, outsourcing does not guarantee that the project will run successfully (on time, within the estimated cost, and satisfactorily). Several examples of IT project outsourcing failures demonstrate the critical role of risk management. One of the frameworks used to develop risk management is the Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK) approach. In this study, the level of risk is measured using quantitative methods. The results show that outsourcing IT projects with a reasonably high risk is found in analysing user requirements, project time, and vendor staff qualifications. Risk response planning and risk monitoring are critical stages after the risk level has been identified. The implementation of risk management is expected to be a guideline for organizations in implementing IT project outsourcing, thereby increasing the chances of project success.
Cybersecurity project implementation for resources protection: a case study of the National Narcotics Board
Authors: Nugraha A C , Hidayanto A N , Indriany H S , Kurniati H , Firdaus B M A , Bastara
Published: February 2022

Cybersecurity is currently being used by government organizations in protecting their resources such as data and assets as well as avoiding catastrophic pollution and the failure of key infrastructure that can harm human health and environment. The increasingly modus operandi of modern drug crime syndicates which utilizing technology to attack the network of the National Narcotics Board (NNB) is a threat and vulnerability for NNB, so NNB must make efforts to mitigate the risk. Research on the implementation of cybersecurity projects at the National Narcotics Board aims to explore information related to the implementation of cybersecurity projects in securing and defending data and information networks at NNB. The research method used is a descriptive approach with qualitative methods through semi-structured interviews and observation. This cybersecurity project provides benefits for data and information protection at NNB, through a cybersecurity monitoring system assisting NNB in monitoring cyber traffic conditions in real-time. From this study, it was found that the factors influencing the implementation of cybersecurity projects that were mapped to critical success factors for information technology projects, namely involvement and effective communication, capability and motivation of the team, capability, and leadership of the project manager, requirements management, clear project objectives, and top-level management support levels.
Characteristics of architectural typology in colonial buildings in Loji Wetan Surakarta area
Authors: Kuncoro I R A , Setyaningsih W , Sunoko K
Published: February 2022

The characteristics of the façade are architectural elements in the diversity of shapes of each building. Architectural Typology is an approach to identify architectural attributes to define the similarities and differences of elements in a building object. In the area of Loji Wetan Surakarta which has a connection with the Vastenburg fortress, there are still some colonial buildings of Dutch heritage that still exist. This study aims to identify typology on the façade of colonial buildings in the Loji Wetan area of Surakarta. The data collection process is conducted through field observations and in-depth interviews. Collection of primary data through purposive sampling (visual and measurement). While secondary data through the study of literature and related documents. Based on the results of research characteristics of architectural typology in colonial buildings in the Loji Wetan Surakarta area there is a tendency for uniformity and diversity on the façade of architectural elements. There are also differences in the characteristics of buildings caused by periods in the area. (neo-gothic, neoclassic, postmodern)
The relationship of traders’ activities to the quality of city park (case study: Taman Sampangan Semarang)
Authors: Pratiwi I , Wicaksono D , Wibowo A A , Setiyawan A
Published: February 2022

The implementation of planning and green open space planning in Semarang does not consider and examine the existence of Street Vendor as informal sector. Because there is no particular place provided to them, they will promote their product in improper place. This study aims at identifying the phenomenon appeared as result of the sporadic existence of street vendor in “Taman Sampangan” Park. By employing descriptive qualitative method, this study uses “Taman Sampangan” park as its subject. While the technique of collecting data is accomplished by using observation and documentation. This documentation aims to give brief and clear description about the situation. The result shows that the existence of street vendor both inside and outside the park will trigger positive and negative impact. However, the negative impact will be clearer such as they build their tent inside the park area, on the pedestrian path, or even on the parking area. Those vendors are illegally selling their products in almost pedestrian path. This because its accessibility and strategic location will potentially attract the customers. For this reason, there is violation of space planning rule. The uncontrolled growth of street vendors in this area force people to walk in the street so it will trigger the risk of accident. Therefore, it is necessary to provide counselling to people who visit the park and traders who sell in Taman Sampangan area. In addition, there is a need to add garden elements that have not yet been available, and the need to arrange street vendors carts so that the function of the park can be utilized optimally and sustainably by the residents of Semarang.
Comparison analysis of unstandardized roundabout between MKJI 1997 and USHCM 2000 by simulation model
Authors: Purwanto D , Basuki K H
Published: February 2022

Roundabout affect adversely on traffic if they do not comply with predetermined standards. This study aims to compare the impact of traffic on non-standard roundabouts with two different methods. The analytical method used is the Indonesia Highway Capacity Manual (MKJI) 1997 [5] and the United State Highway Capacity Manual (USHCM) 2010 [6] using the Synchro7 software. The results of the analysis related to the geometric parameters of the road, calculating the Weaving Ratio (Pw), the Capacity (C), the Degree of Saturation (DS), delays in the weaving interlacing section, traffic delays at roundabouts (DTR), queuing opportunities (QP%) and all in unit a passenger car unit (pcu). The results of the analysis show that the analysis using the Synchro software for USHCM 2000 method, there are significant differences compared to the MKJI 1997 method. By using the Synchro7 software, the degree of saturation obtained is very large, this may be due to the inaccuracy of modeling in the application compared to the actual conditions. In conclusion, with these considerations and traffic behavior in Indonesia, the results of the analysis used are the MKJI 1997 reference method.
Study of the application of the green construction concept on the integrated college building project of Teuku Umar University
Authors: Febrianti D , Samsunan  , Mawardi E
Published: February 2022

Green construction is a sustainable concept in construction projects. The implementation stage plays an important role in the construction sector, because it has an impact on the environment. This study aims to determine the percentage of the application of the most dominant factors and constraints in the application of the green construction concept in project implementation. This research was conducted during the implementation of the Teuku Umar University Integrated Lecture Building project. The implementation phase of this research begins with a survey, to find out the construction implementation process, followed by interviews with workers, consultants, contractors. The results of the interviews were analysed using the Delphi method. The results show that Green construction in the implementation of the Teuku Umar University Integrated Lecture Building project has not been widely applied, with a weight value of only 10.2%. Constraints in the application of green construction based on the results of the questionnaire following the iteration obtained four obstacles, namely the lack of detailed rules regarding green construction, lack of socialization from the government regarding saving energy sources that support construction, lack of knowledge from contractors. about green construction, and the lack of knowledge and experience of contractors, green construction consultant.
The development of permeable pavement from demolished construction waste
Authors: Ulfiana D , Suripin  , Wulandari D A , Hudaifah N N , Salsabila N H
Published: February 2022

In Indonesia, paving blocks are one of the most extensively used building materials. Paving blocks are ideal for making roads, parks, and parking lots because they are easy to install, durable, and weather-resistant. The high demand for paving blocks contributes to the increasing demand for aggregate as the main material for paving blocks. This has an indirect impact on the environment. On the other hand, building demolition waste is increasing. The majority of these building materials are non-biodegradable, such as concrete, plaster, brick walls, and tiles, which could harm the environment. Therefore, this study aims to see the possibility of using demolished concrete, brick walls, and tiles as a substitute for the aggregate in the production of permeable paving blocks. Each substitute material is then sampled and evaluated with compressive strength and infiltration rate to find the most optimum permeable paving block design. Based on the analysis, permeable paving blocks that use concrete as a substitute for coarse aggregate have better permeability and compressive strength compared to paving blocks that use brick walls and tiles waste. This paving block has an infiltration rate of 858 mm/hour and compressive strength of 11.68 MPa which is suitable for use in the park.
Dimensionality of mobile electrons at x-ray-irradiated LaAlO3/SrTiO3 interfaces
Authors: Strocov V N , Lechermann F , Chikina A , Alarab F , Lev L L , Rogalev V A , Schmitt T , Husanu M-A
Published: February 2022

Electronic structure of LaAlO3/SrTiO3 (LAO/STO) samples, grown at low oxygen pressure and post-annealed ex situ, was investigated by soft-x-ray ARPES focussing on the Fermi momentum (k
F) of the mobile electron system (MES). X-ray irradiation of these samples at temperatures below 100 K creates oxygen vacancies (VOs) injecting Ti t
2g-electrons into the MES. At this temperature the oxygen out-diffusion is suppressed, and the VOs should appear mostly in the top STO layer. The x-ray generated MES demonstrates, however, a pronounced three-dimensional (3D) behavior as evidenced by variations of its experimental k
F over different Brillouin zones. Identical to bare STO, this behavior indicates an unexpectedly large extension of the x-ray generated MES into the STO depth. The intrinsic MES in the standard LAO/STO samples annealed in situ, in contrast, demonstrates purely two-dimensional (2D) behaviour. The relevance of our ARPES data analysis is supported by model calculations to compare the intensity vs gradient methods of the k
F determination as a function of the energy resolution ratio to the bandwidth. Based on self-interaction-corrected DFT calculations of the MES induced by VOs at the interface and in STO bulk, we discuss possible scenarios of the puzzling 3D-ity. It may involve either a dense ladder of quantum-well states formed in a long-range interfacial potential or, more likely, x-ray-induced bulk metallicity in STO accessed in the ARPES experiment through a short-range interfacial barrier. The mechanism of this metallicity may involve remnant VOs and photoconductivity-induced metallic states in the STO bulk, and even more exotic mechanisms such as x-ray induced formation of Frenkel pairs.
One dimensional equisymmetric strata in moduli space
Authors: Broughton S. , Costa Antonio , Izquierdo Milagros
Published: February 2022

The moduli space

M

g

\mathcal {M}_{g}

of surfaces of genus

g
≥
2

g\geq 2

is the space of conformal equivalence classes of closed Riemann surfaces of genus

g
g

. This space is a complex, quasi-projective variety of dimension

3
g
−
3

3g-3

. The singularity set of the moduli space, which is roughly the same as the branch locus, becomes increasingly complicated as the genus grows. To better understand the branch locus, the moduli space may be stratified into a finite, disjoint union of smooth, irreducible, quasi-projective subvarieties called equisymmetric strata. Each stratum corresponds to a collection of surfaces of the same symmetry type.

The topology of these strata is largely unknown. In this paper we explore the topology of the complex 1-dimensional strata, which are smooth, connected, complex curves with punctures. We are able to describe the topology of these strata explicitly, as punctured Riemann surfaces, in terms of the action of the automorphism group of the surfaces in the stratum.
On infinite octavalent polyhedral surfaces
Authors: Camacho Charles , Lee Dami
Published: February 2022

In this paper, we find octavalent triply periodic polyhedral surfaces that have identifiable underlying Riemann structures. We focus our study to eightfold cyclic covers over the thrice punctured sphere. There are three such surfaces up to equivalency, where one of them was studied as the cover of Fermat’s quartic in \cite{Lee2017} by the second author. In this paper, we study the remaining two cases. Results include a polyhedral surrogate of Schwarz minimal CLP surface and a polyhedral surface that is not a cover of the Bolza surface despite its construction.
‘You need to be healthy to be sick’: exploring older people’s experiences with medication packaging at home
Authors: Carli Lorenzini Giana , Bell Alison , Olsson Annika
Published: February 2022

Background

the ageing global population is living longer with complex health conditions addressed by multiple medications. Little is known about how older people manage these medications and associated packaging at home.

Objectives

to explore how older people manage the use of multiple medication and associated packaging in their process of self-care.

Methods

fifteen older, home-dwelling participants (mean age = 76.2 years) participated in this study. All participants used three or more daily medications and resided in Southern Sweden. Data were collected using photographs and written diaries completed by each participant over seven consecutive days, complemented by researcher-led interviews. Interviews and diary data were analysed using thematic analysis.

Results

six major themes emerged and are discussed: systematic organisation of medication, design of medication packaging, design of tablets, ease of package opening, emotional response to the need for medication, and environmental waste.

Conclusion

packaging plays an important role in protecting products and enabling easy storage, product longevity and transportation. Medication packaging is no exception. However, the design of medication packaging poses challenges for older people managing medications for their chronic health conditions at home. There is a need to facilitate the systematic management of multiple medications, especially for new medication regimes or changes in treatment. Design of both packaging and medication should be consistent for older users to avoid potential errors; difficulties opening packaging can potentially hinder adherence to treatment. This study highlights the need for patient-centred solutions and involvement of older people in a co-design process for medication and packaging design.
Simultaneous test and estimation of total genetic effect in eQTL integrative analysis through mixed models
Authors: Wang Ting , Qiao Jiahao , Zhang Shuo , Wei Yongyue , Zeng Ping
Published: February 2022

Integration of expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) into genome-wide association studies (GWASs) is a promising manner to reveal functional roles of associated single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in complex phenotypes and has become an active research field in post-GWAS era. However, how to efficiently incorporate eQTL mapping study into GWAS for prioritization of causal genes remains elusive. We herein proposed a novel method termed as Mixed transcriptome-wide association studies (TWAS) and mediated Variance estimation (MTV) by modeling the effects of cis-SNPs of a gene as a function of eQTL. MTV formulates the integrative method and TWAS within a unified framework via mixed models and therefore includes many prior methods/tests as special cases. We further justified MTV from another two statistical perspectives of mediation analysis and two-stage Mendelian randomization. Relative to existing methods, MTV is superior for pronounced features including the processing of direct effects of cis-SNPs on phenotypes, the powerful likelihood ratio test for assessment of joint effects of cis-SNPs and genetically regulated gene expression (GReX), two useful quantities to measure relative genetic contributions of GReX and cis-SNPs to phenotypic variance, and the computationally efferent parameter expansion expectation maximum algorithm. With extensive simulations, we identified that MTV correctly controlled the type I error in joint evaluation of the total genetic effect and proved more powerful to discover true association signals across various scenarios compared to existing methods. We finally applied MTV to 41 complex traits/diseases available from three GWASs and discovered many new associated genes that had otherwise been missed by existing methods. We also revealed that a small but substantial fraction of phenotypic variation was mediated by GReX. Overall, MTV constructs a robust and realistic modeling foundation for integrative omics analysis and has the advantage of offering more attractive biological interpretations of GWAS results.
Multicentre appraisal of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis biofluid biomarkers shows primacy of blood neurofilament light chain
Authors: Thompson Alexander G. , Gray Elizabeth , Verber Nick , Bobeva Yoana , Lombardi Vittoria , Shepheard Stephanie R. , Yildiz Ozlem , Feneberg Emily , Farrimond Lucy , Dharmadasa Thanuja , Gray Pamela , Edmond Evan C. , Scaber Jakub , Gagliardi Delia , Kirby Janine , Jenkins Thomas M. , Fratta Pietro , McDermott Christopher J. , Manohar Sanjay G. , Talbot Kevin , Malaspina Andrea , Shaw Pamela J. , Turner Martin R.
Published: February 2022

The routine clinical integration of individualized objective markers of disease activity in those diagnosed with the neurodegenerative disorder amyotrophic lateral sclerosis is a key requirement for therapeutic development. A large, multicentre, clinic-based, longitudinal cohort was used to systematically appraise the leading candidate biofluid biomarkers in the stratification and potential therapeutic assessment of those with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Incident patients diagnosed with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (n = 258), other neurological diseases (n = 80) and healthy control participants (n = 101), were recruited and followed at intervals of 3–6 months for up to 30 months. Cerebrospinal fluid neurofilament light chain and chitotriosidase 1 and blood neurofilament light chain, creatine kinase, ferritin, complement C3 and C4 and C-reactive protein were measured. Blood neurofilament light chain, creatine kinase, serum ferritin, C3 and cerebrospinal fluid neurofilament light chain and chitotriosidase 1 were all significantly elevated in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patients. First-visit plasma neurofilament light chain level was additionally strongly associated with survival (hazard ratio for one standard deviation increase in log10 plasma neurofilament light chain 2.99, 95% confidence interval 1.65–5.41, P = 0.016) and rate of disability progression, independent of other prognostic factors. A small increase in level was noted within the first 12 months after reported symptom onset (slope 0.031 log10 units per month, 95% confidence interval 0.012–0.049, P = 0.006). Modelling the inclusion of plasma neurofilament light chain as a therapeutic trial outcome measure demonstrated that a significant reduction in sample size and earlier detection of disease-slowing is possible, compared with using the revised Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Functional Rating Scale. This study provides strong evidence that blood neurofilament light chain levels outperform conventional measures of disease activity at the group level. The application of blood neurofilament light chain has the potential to radically reduce the duration and cost of therapeutic trials. It might also offer a first step towards the goal of more personalized objective disease activity monitoring for those living with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.