bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
REKAYASA TEKNOLOGI WORKSHOP PERENCANAAN PARTISIPATIF DENGAN BUSINESS MODEL CANVAS DALAM UPAYA PEMBERDAYAAN PEREMPUAN RAWAN SOSIAL EKONOMI DI YAYASAN USAHA MULIA CIPANAS KABUPATEN CIANJUR
Authors: Santika Sandi , Marwanti Theresia Martina , Kardeti Denti
Published: February 2025

Keluarga yang dipimpin oleh perempuan cenderung mengalami tingkat kemiskinan yang lebih tinggi daripada keluarga yang dipimpin oleh laki-laki. Permasalahan tersebut terjadi karena adanya beban ganda, antara mencari nafkah dan mengurus rumah tangga. Perempuan kepala keluarga yang berdaya memiliki kemampuan untuk menciptakan kemajuan ekonomi, salah satunya dengan merencanakan kelompok usaha bersama. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan model workshop perencanaan partisipatif dengan business model canvas (BMC) dalam upaya pemberdayaan Perempuan Rawan Sosial Ekonomi (PRSE). Lokasi penelitian di Yayasan Usaha Mulia (YUM) Cipanas Kabupaten Cianjur. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan Participatory Action Research (PAR). Subjek penelitian terdiri dari target group yaitu PRSE dan interest group yaitu pengurus dan pekerja sosial di YUM. Informan penelitian sebanyak 8 orang ditentukan dengan purposive sampling. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui wawancara mendalam, observasi, studi dokumentasi, dan Focus Group Discussion (FGD). Analisis data menggunakan model Miles dan Huberman. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa model awal workshop yang dilaksanakan YUM belum menjawab kebutuhan masyarakat. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini mengembangkannya berdasarkan kebutuhan. Setelah diimplementasikan, hasil menunjukkan bahwa model workshop perencanaan partisipatif dengan BMC yang dikembangkan, dapat meningkatkan keberdayaan PRSE. Ini ditandai dengan hasil pretest posttest dan hasil refleksi yang menunjukkan peningkatan pengetahuan PRSE tentang kewirausahaan dan secara kelompok mampu mengimplementasikan tools BMC. BMC merupakan sebuah kanvas atau gambar untuk memudahkan dalam melihat gambaran ide wirausaha. Berdasarkan hal tersebut, maka rekayasa teknologi workshop perencanaan partisipatif dengan BMC berdampak positif terhadap pemberdayaan PRSE.
The Impact of Gender Diversity on Firm Performance: Intellectual Capital as a Moderator
Authors: Hesniati Hesniati , Verandi Rizal , Yulfiswandi Yulfiswandi
Published: February 2025

Indonesia has the highest gender gap in ASEAN. This research examines the moderating role of intellectual capital in the relationship between gender diversity and company performance. Data from industrial sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange were analyzed using panel data and moderated regression analysis in STATA 17. A supplementary test was also conducted based on IDX board classification. Key findings include: (1) gender diversity negatively impacts firm performance; (2) structural capital weakens the negative effect of gender diversity on firm performance, while capital employed strengthens it; and (3) the positive effect of gender diversity on performance is only evident in companies listed on the main board. The study recommends future research with a broader scope, including countries that have yet to be explored. These insights highlight the complex interaction between gender diversity and intellectual capital in shaping corporate outcomes across different board classifications.
Gestión directiva y calidad educativa en instituciones oficiales rurales colombianas: aproximación crítica a las políticas públicas
Authors: Jaramillo Neira Diego Arturo
Published: February 2025

Introducción: La educación tiene el potencial de contribuir al cierre de brechas sociales, la inclusión y la convivencia en paz y justicia social, lo que requiere observar la calidad educativa rural. Este artículo analiza las prácticas de gestión directiva en las instituciones educativas rurales públicas de Colombia. Metodología: La investigación cualitativa se desarrolló en dos etapas: una revisión mediante una cartografía conceptual y la realización de un grupo focal para explorar las percepciones y experiencias de actores educativos clave. Resultados: Los resultados muestran que la calidad educativa rural es un concepto complejo y multidimensional, que va más allá de las métricas cuantitativas e incluye dimensiones éticas, políticas, sociales y contextuales. Se identificó una tensión entre los estándares nacionales de calidad y las necesidades de cada contexto rural. Conclusiones: Se concluye que es necesario avanzar hacia concepciones situadas de calidad educativa rural, que aborden su diversidad y complejidad. Además, las políticas y prácticas de gestión directiva deben evolucionar hacia enfoques integrales, equilibrando la medición de estándares con procesos cualitativos de mejora educativa participativa.
Rebranding and Monetization of Twitter/X: Is Musk's Freedom of Speech/Expression a Reality or a Myth?
Authors: Batool Fizza , Choudhary Arooba
Published: February 2025

The primary motive for this research is to understand the extent of freedom on Social Media platforms especially when they are monetized. This research examines the impact of Elon Musk's policy change on the consumer experience of X (previously called Twitter). This research employs Foucault's framework of power and its dynamics to investigate the true value of the freedom that these social media outfits claim to offer. The article affirms the intricacies and shortcomings of monetization in consumer experience. This also demonstrates the indoctrination of capitalism in every human experience in this century. This research attempts to investigate the inequalities in the provision of fundamental rights to human beings by non-state actors and the lack of accountability in this paradigm of society. This article also debunks the myth of a 'safe political space' for citizens advocated by philanthropists on e-platforms such as X.
Climate Change and its Impact on Disaster Frequency and Severity in Pakistan
Authors: Zia Fahad
Published: February 2025

Natural disasters today are more severe and frequent around the world because of climate change, but no country is more vulnerable than Pakistan, which suffers from a combination of geographic, socioeconomic, and institutional challenges. This study links climate change with natural disasters in Pakistan using the lens of the Vulnerability Framework with an emphasis on floods, droughts, and heat waves. This paper uses qualitative research methods to examine how recent literature, government reports, and international databanks reveal how factors like poverty, weak infrastructure, and governance gaps amplify the impacts of climate-induced disasters. Rising temperatures, unpredictable rainfall, glacial melting, and their added socioeconomic vulnerabilities have resulted in extensive displacement, economic losses, and devastative environmental degradation in Pakistan, finds. Finally, the study recommends actions to bolster resilience such as strengthening governance, making disaster preparedness efficient, and centralizing vulnerability reduction strategies within climate adaptation policy.
Yield and seed quality indicators of winter wheat for different previos crops and sowing dates
Authors:   The V. M. Remeslo Myronivka Institute of Wheat of NAAS, Zaima O. A. , Derhachov O. L. ,   The V. M. Remeslo Myronivka Institute of Wheat of NAAS, Siroshtan A. A. ,   The V. M. Remeslo Myronivka Institute of Wheat of NAAS, Kavunets V. P. ,   The V. M. Remeslo Myronivka Institute of Wheat of NAAS, Shevchenko T. V. ,   The V. M. Remeslo Myronivka Institute of Wheat of NAAS
Published: February 2025

Topicality. Wheat yields are formed as a result of the genetic characteristics of a variety in interaction with soil and climatic conditions and cultivation technology. Yields depend on and vary depending on the predecessor, the level of mineral nutrition and the impact of weather conditions in the year of cultivation. Therefore, the study of the effect of previos crops and sowing dates on winter wheat grain remains an essential task. Purpose. Studing the effect of previos crops and sowing dates on the seed yield and quality of soft winter wheat. Materials and Methods. The research focused on five previos crops (soybean, sunflower, maize (in milk ripeness), green fallow (white mustard), mustard (for seed)), and three sowing dates (25 September, 5 and 15 October). Varieties of soft winter wheat were examined: Podolianka, MIP Fortuna, MIP Roksolana, MIP Yuvileina, MIP Feieriia, MIP Vidznaka, MIP Nika, MIP Darunok, MIP Aelita. The seeding rate was 5 million seeds per 1 ha. Sowing, phenological observations and yield recording were performed in accordance with the standard methods used in wheat variety testing. Results. The average yield of winter wheat varieties in the experiment for 2021 and 2022 was 6.09 t/ha, with a maximum after the green fallow of 6.72 t/ha and a minimum after the sunflower of 5.50 t/ha. Shifting the sowing date from 25 September to 15 October reduced the average yield of the varieties. Only after the mustard, the highest yield of winter wheat (6.13 t/ha) was obtained when sown on 5 October. The seed germination energy of the varieties was highest after the green fallow and amounted to 96–97 %. Depending on the sowing date, the germination energy varied by 1–3 %. The laboratory germination rate of the varieties was 96–97 %. Conclusions. It was found that the highest yields were provided by green fallow and soybean as predecessors, and the optimal sowing date was in late September. A higher level of yield after all the predecessors was observed in the varieties MIP Aelita, MIP Vidznaka and MIP Feieriia. It was found that the studied varieties formed the maximum of 1000 grain weight and 1000 standard seeds weight, and hence the seed yield after the such previous crops as green fallow (white mustard) and mustard for seeds. After maize, it was possible to achieve higher germination energy and laboratory germination rates. Shifting the sowing dates to later ones resulted in a decrease in the yield of standard seeds, while the rest of the indicators were almost independent of this factor.
Key words: variety, previous crops, yield level, sowing dates, sowing qualities of seeds
Productive potential of common beans under different sowing methods and sowing density in the Forest Steppe of Ukraine
Authors:   Tobacco Research Station of the National Scientific Center "Institute of Agriculture of NAAS", Parfeniuk O. O. , Trush S. H. ,   Tobacco Research Station of the National Scientific Center "Institute of Agriculture of NAAS", Balaniuk L. O. ,   Tobacco Research Station of the National Scientific Center "Institute of Agriculture of NAAS"
Published: February 2025

Topicality. The development and introduction into production of new adaptive cultivation technologies, considering the genotype of the variety, are essential for the effective utilization of the biological potential of bean varieties in Forest Steppe of Ukraine. In order to significantly improve productivity of common bean and increase grain production, a comprehensive study of agrobiological characteristics and bean cultivation technology is required. Purpose. Investigation of the influence of sowing methods and sowing density on the formation of common bean productivity under climate change in the Forest-Steppe of Ukraine. Methods. Field (laying out experiments, phenological observations and records), laboratory (determining protein content), measuring and weighing (determining yield structure elements), statistical (mathematical processing of research results). Results. It was established that the highest grain yield of common bean in the agroclimatic conditions of the Forest-Steppe was obtained in all experimental variants with wide-row sowing (on average 3.22 t/ha in Mavka variety and 2.98 t/ha in Panna variety), while in the conventional row sowing it was 2.25 and 2.13 t/ha, respectively. Also, the highest grain yield of common beans was obtained with wide-row sowing method at a plant density of 450 thsd pcs/ha (Mavka variety – 3.29 t/ha, Panna variety – 3.11 t/ha), with the conventional sowing method at a plant density of 750 thsd pcs/ha (2.38 and 2.20 t/ha, respectively). The highest protein content was observed in the wide-row sowing method at a plant density of 350 thsd pcs/ha (22.21 % in Mavka variety, 20.42 % in Panna variety). Conclusions. Sowing methods and plant density significantly influenced all productivity elements of common bean, except for the absolute seed weight. This indicator is largely determined by the variety genotype. Higher productivity of common bean was observed with a wide-row sowing method. The highest yield was in the variant with a plant density of 450 thsd pcs/ha, the highest protein content in the grain was at a plant density of 350 thsd pcs/ha.
Key words: common bean, sowing method, plant density, productivity, yield, protein content
Effect of long-term phytoremediation on the soil genesis potential of the technozems of the Pokrov research station
Authors:   Dnipro State Agrarian and Economic University, Mytsyk O. O. , Havriushenko O. O. ,   Dnipro State Agrarian and Economic University, Shevchenko S. M. ,   Dnipro State Agrarian and Economic University, Hulenko O. І. ,   Dnipro State Agrarian and Economic University
Published: February 2025

Topicality. In Ukraine, reclaiming the vast areas of mined lands is critical for improving the environment, human health, and agricultural production. Land reclamation is particularly relevant due to large-scale manganese mining in the Nikopol district of Dnipropetrovsk region. Purpose. Our research is aimed to create land use technologies that maximize soil fertility and agricultural productivity while minimizing the time, cost and negative environmental effects of the remediation. Methods. The experiment was placed on loess-like red-brown loam (quaternary). The species mixture included Onobrychis arena-ria (Kit.) DC, Medicago sativa L., Melilotus albus Medik., Agropyron pectiniforme Roem. et Schult., Bromopsis inermis (Leyss.) Holub. Avena sativa with Vicia sativa were the cover crops of this species mixture. Results. A legume-grass mixture used for hay or forage is the most appropriate transition to profitable field-crop production on the bare, drastically disturbed soil that remains after mining operations. The most appropriate composition (in mln. seed per hectare) of legume-grass mixture during sowing included about 1.8 mln. seeds/ha of Onobrychis arenaria (Kit.) DC, Medicago sativa L. and Melilotus albus Medik., 0.6 mln. seeds/ha of Agropyron pectiniforme Roem. et Schult. and 0.5 mln. seeds/ha of Bromopsis inermis (Leyss.) Holub. This system produced high quality hay yields of 2.4 to 4.9 t/ha even without topsoil replacement. The percentage of harvested legume biomass decreased from 85 to 5 %, humus content – from the initial 0.32 % to 1.52 % at 0–5 cm, and to 1.24 % at 0–20 cm, depending on cultivation variants and the time period after planting. It was found that macronutrient content increased by 2.4–4 times. Bulk density of substrate at depth of 0–40 cm varied from 1.24–1.33 g/cm3. Conclusion. In the Southern Steppe of Ukraine, it was found that the long-term (over 50 years) intensive phytoremediation, primarily with perennial legume-grass agrocenosis, contributed to increasing the nutrient content of technosols and optimising their physical and biological properties.
Key words: land reclamation, mining overburden, phytoremediation, young soils, legume-grass mixtures, loess-like loam, red-brown and grey-green clays¸ chernozem
Biologicals for protection of soft winter wheat from diseases during growing
Authors:   The V.M. Remeslo Myronivka Institute of Wheat NAAS, Zaima O. A. , Derhachov O. L. ,   The V.M. Remeslo Myronivka Institute of Wheat NAAS
Published: February 2025

Topicality. Biologicals based on living organisms or their products of life are used in crop pro-tection systems to reduce the number and harmfulness of pests, which is quite relevant today and the importance of biomethod research will only grow. Purpose. Study of the influence of biological plant protection products on the yield and grain quality of soft winter wheat. Materials and methods. The Estafeta Myronovskaya and Vezha Myronovskaya varieties of winter wheat were used in the experiments. Sowing was carried out in early October with a seeding rate of 5.0 million seeds per 1 ha. The experimental plot area was 10 m2, arrangement the plot was randomised, experiment was repeated four times, and the predecessor was soybean. Biologicals of plant protection against pathogens were studied: Mikosan V, SC (8.0 l/ha), Planriz BT, WS
(2.0 l/ha), Trichodermin, WS (3.0 l/ha), Fitotsyd-r, S (0.5 l/ha). The treatment was carried out in the stages of stem elongation, heading and flowering. Results. The technical efficiency of biologicals after three sprayings in the milk ripeness stage for the Estafeta Myronivska variety against powdery mildew was 25–59 %, septoria leaf spot – 32–38 %, brown rust – 81 %; for the Vezha Myronivska variety – 60–70 %, 11–22 % and 53–60 %, respectively. Mikosan V and Fitotsyd-r were more effective against diseases when applied during the three stages of winter wheat development. Spraying with biofungicides of plants of the Estafeta Myronivska variety increased the yield by 0.26–0.41 t/ha, and Vezha Myronivska – by 0.21–0.45 t/ha. The highest yield increase in Vezha Myronivska was provided by spraying with Mikosan V – 0.45 t/ha and Fitotsyd-r – 0.43 t/ha; Estafeta Myronivska – Mikosan V – 0.39 t/ha and Trychodermin – 0.41 t/ha. The maximum yield level (5.51 t/ha) was obtained in the Estafeta Myronivska variety due to the application of Trychodermin. The highest grain quality was provided by spraying with Fitotsyd-r and Mikosan V. Conclusions. Crop spraying with biological protection products in the three stages of winter wheat development (stem elongation, heading and flowering) is required to obtain a large grain yield with high quality indicators. Wheat cultivation with the application of biologicals (fungicides) provides the highest yield and grain quality in case of appli-cation of Mikosan V (8.0 l/ha) and Trychodermin (3.0 l/ha).
Key words: variety, biologicals, crop treatment, technical efficiency, yield, grain quality indica-tors
ІНВЕСТИЦІЙНА ПОЛІТИКА ЗАПОБІГАННЯ РИЗИКАМ НА ХАРЧОВИХ ПІДПРИЄМСТВАХ
Authors: ЛАГОДІЄНКО Володимир , НІКОЛЮК Олена , САВЧЕНКО Тетяна
Published: February 2025

This article is devoted to forming an investment policy for risk prevention in food enterprises. Its aim is to analyze and improve the existing theoretical and methodological framework for risk management and the development of an investment policy for risk prevention in food industry enterprises.The article defines risk as uncertainty, income variability, and the probability of partial or complete loss of invested resources. Investment risk, in turn, represents uncertainty related to the possibility of actual results deviating from planned outcomes due to the influence of various factors. Investment risk can manifest as a loss of profit, capital, or other financial resources resulting from unfavorable economic, financial, or managerial decisions. The study examines the prerequisites for managing investment risks in food industry enterprises in a modern economy characterized by high turbulence, globalization challenges, and digital transformation.The research systematizes investment risks based on their sources, including financial, technological, market, regulatory, organizational, personnel, and environmental risks that directly arise in the operations of food industry enterprises. It is determined that to minimize investment risks, food industry enterprises need to develop and implement an effective risk prevention policy based on applying modern risk management methodologies and adopting innovative approaches to investment decision-making.In an unstable market environment, food industry enterprises are recommended to apply investment asset diversification, currency risk insurance, market trend forecasting, digital tool implementation for management process optimization, corporate culture development, and the integration of sustainable practices. The proposed measures within the investment policy for risk prevention will enhance the resilience of food industry enterprises to external challenges, ensure the effectiveness of investment activities, and contribute to achieving the strategic goals of sustainable development.
Transformation of wave field by permeable vertical wall
Authors: Voskoboinick Volodymyr A. , Voskoboinyk Oleksandr A. , Kharchenko Anatolii H. , Voskobiinyk Andrii V.
Published: February 2025

Laboratory experimental studies were conducted to study the interaction of gravity waves with models of permeable vertical walls, which are formed by piles of circular cross-section. Experiments were conducted in a wave channel, where waves of different height, period and wavelength were generated. Visual studies using video and photo equipment and instrumental studies using piezoresistive wave height sensors and wave pressure fluctuation sensors were performed. The use of a group of sensors made it possible to determine the spatio-temporal characteristics of the wave field and the features of the transformation of waves during their interaction with continuous and permeable vertical walls. Statistical methods of processing and analyzing experimental data made it possible to obtain integral and spectral characteristics of wave motion both in front of the vertical wall and behind it. It was established that the heights of waves in front of the permeable vertical wall and the heights of reflected waves increase with a decrease in wall permeability and wavelength and an increase in the frequency of the wave field. It was determined that the power spectral densities of wave pressure fluctuations have the highest values immediately in front of the frontal part of the vertical wall, and these levels decrease as the permeability of the wall increases. A particularly significant increase in the levels of pressure fluctuations was observed in the high-frequency region, which is due to the action of high-frequency small-scale pressure sources, which are small-scale components of the wave motion generated during the interaction of the incoming wave with the vertical wall. The results of research showed that a permeable vertical wall with piles of a circular cross section is a sufficiently effective protective structure that significantly reduces the penetration of storm waves into the protected water area, especially in conditions of low permeability, this design also allows improving environmental conditions and significantly saving material resources during construction coastal protection structure.
Some aspects of creating a system of oceanographic data quality assurance and control
Authors: Gordeev Anton Y. , Fedoseienkov Sergiy H. , Shundel Oleksiy I. , Shchyptsov Oleksandr O. , Nevierova Svitlana I.
Published: February 2025

This article is dedicated to substantiating the methods for quality control of temperature and salinity data in marine environmental research. Accurate and reliable measurements of these parameters are critical for modeling oceanographic processes, monitoring climate change, and preserving marine ecosystems. The study examines primary data collection methods, including in situ measurements, remote sensing, and laboratory analysis, with a detailed description of equipment such as CTD devices, ARGO floats, and autonomous underwater vehicles. Recommendations on calibration, standardization, and data processing are discussed, along with the use of modern software to ensure data quality. The article demonstrates the importance of controlled data for various research tasks, such as climate modeling, ocean current analysis, and marine resource management. It’s emphasized that maintaining high quality control standards and using a comprehensive approach to collecting and processing oceanographic data are crucial for successful marine research and advancing scientific knowledge about the ocean. Reliable data due to quality control provide essential resources for new scientific discoveries and environmentally focused management decisions.
Influence of operating parameters on the performance and efficiency of reverse osmosis membranes: modelling with the solution-diffusion model
Authors: Shumbar Kostiantyn V. , Shcherbak Andrii I. , Kravchenko Мarina V. , Vasylenko Lesya O. , Bereznytska Juliia O.
Published: February 2025

This work is devoted to the study of the influence of the main operating parameters (pressure, concentration, temperature) on the performance of reverse osmosis membranes and the use of the solution-diffusion transport model to predict their efficiency. The study provides a classification of reverse osmosis transport models for describing the flow of dissolved solutes and solvents through the membrane. The most common model for describing the transport of aqueous dilute solutions and salts in dense, non-porous polymers is the solution-diffusion model. This model allows for the prediction of the efficiency of solute retention depending on the applied external and osmotic pressure across the membrane, and salt transport is determined by the concentration gradient between the initial solution and the permeate. A scheme of the reverse osmosis process is presented, which includes: the profile of pressure, chemical potential and solvent activity at the solution-membrane interface in the solution-diffusion model; solvent behaviour in the membrane under pressure; division of the system into physical and chemical properties of the solvent and the solute inside the membrane. It is shown that the effect on permeability and solute retention is the result of the interaction of several factors, including the feed/operating temperature, which affects the membrane porosity, the concentration of the initial dilute aqueous solution, and the transmembrane pressure, which contributes to membrane compaction. It was found that an increase in the operating pressure leads to an increase in the driving force, which increases the water flow and the efficiency of solute retention. It was found that an increase in transmembrane pressure from 100 to 500 kPa increases salt retention from 82% to 94%, and the degree of salt retention decreases with an increase in solution temperature from 25 to 45 °C. It was found that with an increase in salt concentration from 1% to 8%, the degree of salt retention decreases from 99.5% to 97.8%. It is shown that the optimum permeation flux is observed at a temperature of 35 °C, especially 70 minutes after the start of operation, and the permeation flux decreases with time.
Automated control systems microclimate facilities, monitoring and audit within oil fields influence
Authors: Radlovska Katerina O.
Published: February 2025

Purpose. To achieve the main task of research it is necessary to achieve the following objectives: justify the scientific approach solving the problem of improving the quality of the monitoring and forecasting of microclimate for the performance of oilfield facilities; propose research methodology of microclimate, patterns of their formation and impact assessment microclimate on operational characteristics of the objects.Methods. The given article deals with the method of analyzing the previous studies localized within oil objects in Western Ukraine.Findings. The given international experience and analysis of previous studies proved algorithm for Environmental Studies, through monitoring and forecasting of microclimate parameters during execution of manufacturing operations, to improve the environmental safety of the environment within the oil fields of influence objects.Originality. The main research was made by author personally using special computer programs.Practical implications. It has been analyzed: 1) a brief description of climate zone placement of oil fields; 2) methods of previous studies evaluating microclimatic parameters.
Resonant power supply for high-power microwave devices
Authors: Hafizov Damir R. , Lobov Ilya N. , Fetisov Leonid Y.
Published: February 2025

Objectives. The ever-increasing demands on the technical parameters of microwave radio transmission devices necessitate a search for ways of improving their efficiency and reliability, as well as means for reducing their weight and size parameters. Since such requirements largely relate to secondary power supplies, the present work set out to develop secondary power supplies for the cathode heating and bias circuits of a floating-drift multibeam klystron capable of operating at a high potential of the klystron cathode and providing stable voltage in all operating modes.

Methods. In order to calculate the parameters of the resonant circuit, the first harmonic approximation method is used.

Results. Approaches for designing secondary supplies are described along with the method for developing the cathode heating and bias supplies for a floating-drift multipath klystron. The calculation method used for testing the design of the transformer windings is presented. The design avoids the use of chokes as separate elements by integrating them inside a magnetic system and providing isolation by high potential of the secondary winding. The results of testing the power supply using complex test bench waveforms are given along with the main obtained parameters. The operation of the power supply is demonstrated in switching mode at zero voltage for the minimum, nominal, and maximum input voltages in the range of the inductive resistance of the circuit when the voltage phase precedes the current phase.

Conclusions. The calculated efficiencies of the presented cathode heating and bias supplies are 85% and 92%, respectively. The developed supplies, which have smaller dimensions than their transformer analogues, allow a stable output voltage to be maintained when the input voltage varies, while the use of the soft start method allows the life of the klystron to be extended.
Percolation and connectivity formation in the dynamics of data citation networks in high energy physics
Authors: Kramarov Sergey O. , Popov Oleg R. , Dzhariev Ismail E. , Petrov Egor A.
Published: February 2025

Objectives. The object of the research is to study citation information networks structured on the basis of a sample from the arXiv database related to theoretical high energy physics (high energy physics, HEP). Since 1974, this database has indexed more than 500000 articles, including their complete citation trees. The paper proposes a method for detecting percolation transitions in the dynamics of cluster formation of articles with similar content. Improving the accuracy of information cycles in knowledge networks can help resolve applied problems related to the quality of scientometrics and its indicators.

Methods. An optimized algorithm for dynamic network separation in the Pajek software environment was applied, in order to detect the emergence of a largest component equivalent to a percolation transition. This approach enables a detailed study of dynamic and general parameters to be carried out in each reduced network with a given time step. The clustering algorithm combines citation structure and temporal information about data.

Results. It was found that a percolation transition occurs in the HEP network. The indicator of this transition is the formation of a largest component near the critical point which occurs at the 10th month of the time sample interval. At the same time, a generalized conclusion about the behavior of network parameters shows a positive trend in the growth of connectivity for the entire time period (from 1991 to 2003). Furthermore, a generalized analysis of citation distribution reveals eleven laureates of highly cited articles who set the basic vector for development in the field of HEP. It is worth noting that the prominent scientists from the top three in terms of citations are linked by a shared field of research: string theory. Verification of this fact confirms that our citation evaluation method is effective. Determining the characteristics of the HEP (high-energy physics) network enables an important indicator of the researcher’s activity and behavior to be identified.

Conclusions. In the column of authors linked by co-authorship, of the 9200 authors in the HEP physics community, 7304 belong to a single connected component. The temporal nature of citations indicates a rapid uptake and understanding of relevant new work. Percolation transitions, which are indicators of sudden conceptual shifts in citation networks, allow us to identify and link articles into research schemes which form clusters of new ideas and theories.
Topic modeling in the stream of short messages in Russian
Authors: Mozaidze Elena S.
Published: February 2025

Objectives. This work is devoted to the topic modeling of short messages received through social networks or in another way in the form of a series of short messages. This need arises in public relations systems in state and municipal structures, in public opinion polling centers, as well as in customer service systems and marketing departments. The aim of the work is to develop and experimentally test a set of algorithms for a thematic model for automatically determining the main topics of information exchange and typical messages illustrating these topics.

Methods. The work uses methods of variable statistical distributions applied to collocation statistics and approaches typical for resolving problems of topic modeling of short texts, but applied to successive messages. In this way, online machine learning and topic modeling are considered jointly.

Results. The work considered the construction of a thematic model in which clusters found with the presentation of their typical representatives and current weight can help decision-making in accordance with the subject of these most important messages. The proposed method was experimentally tested on a corpus of real messages. The results of topic modeling (the constructed thematic models) are consistent with the results obtained manually. The messages selected illustrate that the topics with the highest weight are seen as such from the point of view of human experts.

Conclusions. The proposed algorithm of topic modeling allows the most important topics in current communication to be automatically identified. It shows posts that serve as indicators of these topics, and thereby significantly simplifies the solution of the problem.
Improving Smart Grid security: Spectral and fractal analysis as tools for detecting cyberattacks
Authors: Kochergin, Sergey V. , Artemova Svetlana V. , Bakaev Anatoly A. , Mityakov Evgeny S. , Vegera Zhanna G. , Maksimova Elena A.
Published: February 2025

Objectives. Cyberattacks are major potential sources of disturbances in modern electrical networks (Smart Grid). However, distinguishing between the various kinds of harmonic distortions and malicious interventions can be challenging. The objective of this work is to develop an effective tool for detecting and quantifying the differences between harmonic and anomalous signals. This will permit the identification of cyberattacks associated with harmonic signal distortions to provide a more accurate classification of patterns characteristic of malicious impacts.

Methods. A comparative analysis of various anomaly detection methods was conducted, including fractal analysis, multifractal analysis, Shannon entropy calculation, and power spectral density (PSD) analysis.

Results. Harmonic distortions and anomalous signals caused by cyberattacks may share similar fractal and multifractal characteristics, making it harder to distinguish between them. The use of the Shannon entropy method does not fully capture the complexity and uncertainty of harmonic and anomalous signals. To gain a deeper understanding of the nature of these signals, a comprehensive approach was applied, including analysis of their frequency characteristics and the use of other uncertainty assessment methods, such as multifractal analysis and PSD. Use of the PSD method revealed significant differences in energy distribution between these signals, permitting a more accurate identification of cyberattacks.

Conclusions. For the effective detection of cyberattacks associated with harmonic signal distortions in power systems, a comprehensive approach is required, including time series analysis, frequency analysis, and machine learning methods. This approach not only detects anomalies in signals but also provides their quantitative assessment to improve the accuracy of classifying malicious impacts. The integration of these methods enhances the reliability and security of power systems, making them less vulnerable to cyberattacks.
Noise properties of preamplifier to be used with LN2-cooled HgCdTe photodetector
Authors: Kazantsev Dmitry V. , Kazantseva Elena A.
Published: February 2025

Objectives. Photoresistors based on a solid solution of mercury–cadmium–tellurium (MCT) have been used in infrared (IR) technology for over 60 years. They can have a sensitivity range in the wavelength region from 1 μm to 15 μm, depending on Hg1−xCdxTe composition. The resistance of photosensitive MCT elements is (depending on their area) tens of Ohms, and for such a resistor the thermodynamically expected Nyquist noise is less than 1 nV/√Hz. Modern semiconductor technologies ensure a high level of quality of both photodetectors and input stages of integrated circuits for amplifying the signal from them. The aim of this work is to study the noise properties of the electronic unit developed for joint operation with a liquid nitrogen cooled MCT-photodetector.

Methods. An analog input-output digital signal processor card P25M (Innovative, Inc., USA) was used to measure and accumulate the noise spectra of the signal in the frequency range 0–1 MHz. The card has four 16-bit ADCs of sampling rate up to 25MSpS, a Spartan-3 field-programmable gate array controlling them, a TMS320C6713 processor, and RAM, in order to transmit the collected digital data to the motherboard through a common PCI-X slot. The spectra of the received data were calculated using the fast Fourier transform algorithm with subsequent averaging of the square of the amplitude for all spectral components.

Results. The noise properties of comparatively modern integrated circuits currently used for this task were considered. The noise density spectra of the first stage (ADA4898-2), the second stage (AD8034), and bias current sources (AD8397 and LT3009) were measured. It was found that the spectral density of the input noise of the operational amplifier ADA4898-2 is comparable to the Nyquist (thermodynamically expected) noise of a 20–100-Ohm resistor corresponding to the resistance of the photosensitive element. This means that the selected operational amplifier is ideal for resolving the technical problem discussed herein. Meanwhile, it was also established that the noise spectrum of the LT3009, ADR510 voltage and current stabilizer integrated circuits contains a noticeable drift component with a spectral density of “pink noise” 1/f α (f – frequency, α ≈ 1).

Conclusions. It was shown that the spectral noise density of the electronic components, reduced to the input of the device, is several times lower than the noise density of the photodetector used.
Method for designing DC/DC converters based on Zeta topology
Authors: Bityukov Vladimir K. , Lavrenov Aleksey I.
Published: February 2025

Objectives. The work set out to develop a new design method for DC/DC converters based on the Zeta topology to calculate the ratings of inductors and capacitors of the Zeta converter with magnetically coupled inductors and verify the accuracy of the ultimate continuous mathematical model and design method based on it using SPICE simulation in the Multisim computer-aided design (CAD) system.

Methods. The proposed method analyzes an ultimate continuous mathematical model to calculate the ratings of coupled inductors and capacitors of the converter.

Results. The simulation of the Zeta converter with coupled inductors was carried out using the Multisim CAD system, during which the load and transfer characteristics of the converter were obtained. These characteristics show the dependencies of the currents flowing through the coupled inductors and voltages across the capacitors on the input voltage, as well as the dependence of the output voltage on the load current. The presented design method is shown to be accurate and in full agreement with the simulation results. A correlation between the transfer and load characteristics of currents and voltages obtained by simulation and calculation is established. The differences between the values calculated using the ultimate continuous mathematical model and the results of simulation in the Multisim CAD system are comparable to measurement errors.

Conclusions. The proposed design method is used calculate element ratings for the Zeta topology both with and without taking the inductive coupling into account. The method can also be used to calculate the steady-state values and ripple currents of the inductors and voltages across the capacitors. The design method for DC/DC converters presented in the paper can be used for both preliminary evaluation calculations and more detailed calculations, including analysis of the device operation under various input voltages and load resistances.
The Results of Experimental Studies of the Quality of Bulk Materials Mixing by an Automated Installation of a Screw Conveyor with a Rotating Casing
Authors:   Ternopil Ivan Puluj National Technical University, Diachun Andrii , Нevko Ivan ,   Ternopil Ivan Puluj National Technical University, Zolotyi Roman ,   Ternopil Ivan Puluj National Technical University, Koval Serhii ,   Ternopil Ivan Puluj National Technical University, Derysh Oleg ,   Ternopil Ivan Puluj National Technical University
Published: February 2025

The study of the effectiveness of mixing process by screw conveyor using analytical methods is difficult and does not provide sufficient accuracy, so experimental studies with the design and manufacture of screw conveyor installations, in particular with rotating casings, are important. The purpose of the work is to conduct and present the results of experimental research on the bulk materials mixing quality using an automated installation of a screw conveyor with a rotating casing.
A prototype of an automated screw conveyor with adjustable material supply in the area of loading from the hopper and with provided rotary movement of the casing in the direction of rotation of the screw for simultaneous mixing and transportation of bulk materials was developed and manufactured. The experimental studies were conducted to determine the relationship between the structural and technological parameters of the screw conveyor-mixer, in particular the rotation frequency of the screw, the rotation frequency of the casing, the angle of inclination of the screw mixer, with the coefficient of inhomogeneity of mixing a combination of different bulk materials: grains of corn, millet, peas, wheat, buckwheat. Statistical processing of data from the results of experimental studies was carried out to obtain regression equations in coded and natural values of the dependence of the coefficient of inhomogeneity of mixing by a screw conveyor on its constructive and technological independent variable parameters, as well as checking the adequacy of the obtained equations using application software.
It was established that with a decrease in the rotation frequency of the screw and an increase in the rotation frequency of the casing and the angle of inclination of the screw mixer, the value of the coefficient of inhomogeneity of the mixing of three-component and two-component mixtures decreases. The maximum value of the coefficient of inhomogeneity of the three-component mixture of corn, buckwheat and millet grains was 11.28%, and the minimum value was 7.32%. The coefficient of inhomogeneity of mixing of a two-component mixture by a screw mixer with a rotating casing is 1.64 times smaller than the coefficient of inhomogeneity of mixing by a conventional screw conveyor with a spiral screw working body within the studied screw rotation frequencies from 250 rpm to 350 rpm.
Advancements in Software Testing: A Scientific Perspective
Authors:   Central Ukrainian National Technical University, Ulichev Oleksandr , Papizh Lyubomyr ,   ПВНЗ "Європейський університет", м. Київ, Україна, Revniuk Oleksandr ,   Тернопільський  національний  технічний університет імені Івана Пулюя, м. Тернопіль, Україна
Published: February 2025

The article aims to explore various aspects of innovation in software testing, including the latest trends, challenges, and strategies for advancing in the ever-evolving field of software development. It emphasizes the importance of adopting innovative testing practices to enhance the accuracy, efficiency, and reliability of tests. Additionally, the article seeks to provide insights into how organizations can integrate these innovative practices into their existing workflows. By doing so, it aims to help organizations stay competitive and meet the growing demands of the digital market.
The article delves into different software testing activities, such as test trials, scenarios, and scripts designed to detect defects, verify functionality, and ensure compliance with specifications. It highlights the significance of thorough testing in identifying and addressing issues early, thereby reducing the likelihood of errors in production environments. The shift-left testing approach is examined in detail, advocating for early testing such as unit testing, static code analysis, and code reviews. This method promotes the principle of "test early, test often," enabling organizations to detect and fix defects more cost-effectively and swiftly. The article also discusses the challenges in implementing innovative testing practices, such as resistance to change, outdated systems, skill gaps, and data privacy issues. It presents new trends and technologies shaping the future of software testing, including AI and ML, big data testing, IoT testing, and robotic process automation. Strategies for overcoming challenges and staying ahead of competitors, such as continuous learning, collaboration, pilot projects, agile methodologies, and customer focus, are also explored.
The article concludes that adopting innovative testing practices is essential for improving the quality, efficiency, and competitiveness of software in today's fast-paced and dynamic digital environment. Early defect detection is fundamental to the shift-left strategy, offering substantial benefits to organizations. Identifying and fixing defects early significantly reduces costs, accelerates development cycles, and shortens time-to-market, allowing for quicker responses to market demands. Early defect detection enhances product quality and reliability, leading to a positive user experience, increased customer satisfaction, and loyalty. Organizations that proactively address defects gain customer trust and strengthen their market reputation. Continuous testing is emphasized as a crucial component in modern software development practices, ensuring quality and reliability throughout the software lifecycle.