bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Wyniki wyborów do parlamentu regionalnego i Kortezów Generalnych w Kraju Basków jako odzwierciedlenie panujących tam tendencji nacjonalistycznych
Authors:   Akademia Ekonomiczno-Humanistyczna w Warszawie, Llanos-Antczak Anna
Published: January 2023

Basque nationalism is a multifaceted and complex issue in which many aspects overlap, but much can be deduced from the political sympathies expressed by the inhabitants of the Basque Country during the elections to both the regional parliament and the Cortes Generales. The political parties’ programs are also a good source of knowledge. The aim of the article is to outline the programs of the Basque main political parties and the results of parliamentary elections as two important determinants for the analysis of nationalist tendencies in this autonomous community. The article provides an analysis of the political origins of Basque nationalism and also focuses on the PNV party as the leading political force for moderate nationalism. The last part concerns the socio-political moods at the end of the second decade of the 21st century in the Basque Country.
Dodatek „Życie i Kultura” w „Głosie Szczecińskim” (1951–1956) . Studium historyczno-prasoznawcze
Authors:   Uniwersytet Szczeciński, Olechowska Paulina
Published: January 2023

The article is a historical and press analysis of the “Życie i Kultura” [Life and Culture] magazine, published in 1951–1956 as a weekly supplement in “Głos Szczeciński” [Voice of Szczecin], the newspaper of the KW PZPR in Szczecin. The aim of the article is to show changes in the structure of content of the weekly, to indicate dominant forms of expression, constant cycles, and thematic areas. As a research tool, a content analysis was used. The empirical part is supplemented with a description of changes in the content of the magazine against the background of political events in the world and in the country.
Gdy reflektor naświetla zbyt wiele . Problemy wizerunkowe Kataru w kontekście organizacji Mistrzostw Świata w Piłce Nożnej 2022
Authors:   Uniwersytet Zielonogórski, Małczyński Piotr
Published: January 2023

This paper analyses the role of global sport within Qatar’s international strategy, most notably through the successful bid to stage the 2022 football World Cup. The article investigates how sport is used as a foreign policy tool to build relations with as many countries and people in the world as possible to gain soft power. I see the hosting of sports mega-events as the practice of public diplomacy: host states may use these events to change their international image. I examine issues of reputational risk with regard to critical comment surrounding Qatar’s hosting of the 2022 World Cup. In order to illustrate Qatar’s image problems, I will use examples from the Polish language Internet media.
Strategie rozwoju miast na prawach powiatu
Authors:   Uniwersytet Jagielloński, Sieklucki Dominik
Published: January 2023

The article presents the results of research on development strategies of cities with poviat rights. The reason for undertaking the research was the addition of provisions on such development plans to the Act on Self-Government in 2020, and its aim was to determine, in quantitative terms, what number of cities have such plans and whether their adoption is related to the size and number of citizens of the cities. The research was also qualitative in scope and concerned the form and content of development strategies, with the aim of identifying their most important features.
Kandydaci w wyborach na prezydenta Rzeszowa w czerwcu 2021 r. na łamach dzienników regionalnych na Podkarpaciu
Authors:   Uniwersytet Rzeszowski, Czopek Jakub
Published: January 2023

The article presents the results of research devoted to the presentation of candidates for the presidential election in Rzeszów in June 2021 by two of the largest regional dailies published in the Subcarpathian region – “Gazeta Codzienna Nowiny”, and “Super Nowości”. The concept of mediatization of politics provided an adequate theoretical framework to describe the involvement of the media in the political process. The research was quantitative and qualitative. In the first case, issues such as the number of texts devoted to candidates, their area and mutual proportions were examined. The qualitative approach was aimed at analyzing the emotional overtones of the examined units – paragraphs – and determining the candidate’s image of a positive, negative or neutral character presented in them. The results of the research made it possible to indicate certain likes and dislikes of both analyzed titles.
Zasada kontestacji? Przekształcenie hiszpańskiego porządku politycznego w perspektywie neoinstytucjonalnej
Authors: Górnicka Weronika
Published: January 2023

The main objective of this article is to analyse the transformation of the Spanish political order from a neo-institutional perspective, taking into account the particular impact of the contestation element created during 15M Movement on the functioning and the relationships between formal and informal institutions after 2011. The transformation of the rules that form a certain order is considered to be binding for the direction of reshaping of the subsystem covering relations both between citizens and political parties and between the groups themselves. The principle of contestation proposed within the framework of the text allows us to grasp the changes taking place in society and their consequences for the political order that is currently being formed.
Polskie i ukraińskie koncepcje bezpieczeństwa i współpracy w Europie Środkowej i Wschodniej w XXI w.
Authors:   Uniwersytet Szczeciński, Wojtaszak Andrzej
Published: January 2023

Central and Eastern Europe is a region located in the context of geopolitical reorganization of the world’s wetlands. The first ideas of creating a security system in this part of the continent arose after the First World War. Among them were the Polish concept of “Międzymorze” (Intermarium, aka “ABC Seas”) and the Ukrainian idea of the Baltic-Black Sea Union. The concept of security and cooperation in the region was reintroduced with the Russian Federation’s accession to the achievement of the influence index from the USSR district. There were also problems in Polish-Ukrainian relations, differences in security strategies, the delineation of the strategic partnership and the formation of the Strategic Culture of the Territories. Countries in the region have announced a number of initiatives to improve regional security (TSI, B9, L3, or Trójkąt Karpacki). The members of the mentioned concepts should be among the geopolitical figures, the position of NATO and the EU and contestations on the part of Russia.
Lokalny kapitał społeczny w zarządzaniu bezpieczeństwem w kontekście pomocy humanitarnej udzielanej Ukrainie w 2022 r. – studium przypadku
Authors:   Szkoła Główna Służby Pożarniczej w Warszawie, Wojakowska Monika
Published: January 2023

The aim of the article is to show the phenomenon of the local potential of social capital in the process of ensuring security to war refugees from Ukraine, based on the experience of the Ukraine Aid Center in Łomianki near Warsaw. The basic research methods were literature analysis, case studies and interviews with volunteers from the Ukraine Aid Center in Łomianki. The scale of an efficient organization, effective situational leadership, and multi-faceted support provided to war refugees from the first days of the ongoing conflict was huge. The research results proved that the described phenomenon constitutes a practical dimension of social impact based on trust and social participation.
Jakość rządzenia usługami publicznymi, kapitał społeczny a społeczno-kulturowe zróżnicowanie Unii Europejskiej
Authors:   Uniwersytet Warszawski, Hryniewicz Janusz
Published: January 2023

The aim of the paper is the analysis of impact of the historically shaped socio-cultural divisions of the European Union on social capital and quality of governance (EQI) in the context of the distribution of public services. Social capital is more important for quality of governance than financial resources. The highest level of social capital and quality of governance is observed in North-West Europe, the lowest in Central East Europe. Since 2010, the quality of public services and corruption have improved (except Poland and Hungary), and in South Europe it has worsened. In North-West Europe, the quality of services has deteriorated, most severely in France. Division East–North West is of greater significance for social capital and quality of governance than affiliation to catholic- protestant cultural circles and North–South division.
Od podejścia jakościowego do ilościowego. Droga badaczek w projektowaniu badań mieszanych
Authors:   Uniwersytet Łódzki, Chmielińska Aleksandra , Modrzejewska-Świgulska Monika ,   Uniwersytet Łódzki
Published: January 2023

The article describes the process of designing a mixed strategy – from the qualitative approach to the quantitative approach. Important in this approach is the idea of integrating both research strategies, which is supposed to foster more effective cognition of the studied phenomenon. The authors describe the stages of the conducted qualitative research (theoretical assumptions, methods of collecting and analyzing empirical data) and the planned stages of quantitative research aimed at constructing a psychometric tool based on the cognitive effects of qualitative research. The article presents the results of qualitative research (the first stage of the mixed strategy) – the Model of Life Re-Decisions (four stages of self-relation) and Biographical Orders. The model depicts breakthrough life changes in the context of self-realization, from the perspective of broad humanistic psychology. The authors’ intention is to draw attention to the value of teamwork and to inspire readers to break through research patterns (searching for new research solutions).
Zastosowanie koncepcji ESA Howarda E. Grubera w badaniach jakościowych nad twórczą pracą dydaktyczną nauczycieli akademickich-innowatorów
Authors:   Uniwersytet Jana Kochanowskiego w Kielcach, Okraj Zofia
Published: January 2023

The main aim of the article is to present the genesis and main assumptions of the theory The Evolving Systems Approach to Creative Work by Howard E. Gruber as well as an account of qualitative research into the experiences of academic teachers in the creative didactic work. In these studies the ESA theory was used both for the preparation of the research concept and for the analysis and interpretation of the obtained research results. 13 academic teachers participated in the research, introducing to the education of students for at least 5 years: pioneering adaptations, creative modifications, their own original didactic solutions including: concepts, strategies, methods, techniques and tools, workshops, students’ assessment systems. In the research there were applied the multiple, descriptive case studies, there were carry out semi-structured interviews and analysis of documents (publications, pictures). In the research was carried out a vertical analysis which resulted in the creation of an individual model of creative work for each research participant as well as a horizontal-cross-sectional analysis for all cases. On the grounds of many regularities found in studied cases the author of article presents proposition of systemic model of creative didactic work concerning examined innovators.
„Tunel do sześcianu”: art-based research w praktyce edukacji wyższej
Authors:   Uniwersytet Warszawski, Kwiatkowska-Tybulewicz Barbara
Published: January 2023

The article presents the artistic-educational-research project Tunnel to the Third Power, implemented by two communities related to artistic and educational spaces: a group of students of Artistic Education at the Faculty of Education, University of Warsaw, who are prepared to work as art educators, and the second group: the students of the Academy of Fine Arts in Warsaw. The methodological basis of the implemented activities was art-based research. The theoretical basis of the project was the art-as-pedagogy of Clair Bishop and the widely commented educational turn in contemporary art. The artistic basis was the project of the artist Piotr Grabowski Tunnel. The importance of mankind for the future. The article discusses the assumptions of the project, its implementation and research conclusions. The student project was also shown as an example of using art-based research in the practice of higher education.
Metoda take&make w edukacji performatywnej. Studium przypadku
Authors:   Akademia Humanistyczno-Ekonomiczna w Łodzi, Witerska Kamila
Published: January 2023

The article is a report on the research carried out in a group of pedagogy students on the use of the take&make performative method in the subject of comparative pedagogy. The aim of the research was to learn about the experiences of pedagogy students regarding the implementation of an optional performative task within the subject of comparative pedagogy. During the research the case study method was used. The technique used in the study was the technique of analyzing documents, in this case entries on a didactic forum on an e-learning platform – their content and available information on entries, such as the date of entry and the average grade of the student entering the registration. The main strategy for data analysis was qualitative analysis and the complementary strategy was quantitative analysis. The qualitative analysis covers the nature of the responses to correctly completed tasks – the type of action undertaken by the students and its creative or imitative nature, as well as the strategies undertaken by students who failed the task. The quantitative analysis covered the number of submitted works, the number of passed works (performative solutions) and failed works (non-performative solutions), their correlation with the average grade for compulsory tasks and the time of submitting the work. The article points to the need to use performative methods in education that mobilize students to act, not only to plan their own actions.
Assessment of the effects of ama- teur fishing on the stock and biological state of toothed smelt Osmerus dentex in winer-spring period in the lakes Nerpichye and Kalygir (East Kamchatka)
Authors: Bugaev A. V. , Amelchenko Yu. N. , Ryabchun V. A. , Frolov O. V.
Published: January 2023

Data on the dynamics of major biological indices (sex ratio, age composition, length and weight) for the populations of toothed smelt in the lakes Nerpichye and Kalygir (East Kamchatka) were obtained as a re- sult of winter monitoring of the stocks for 2011–2022. The data were collected in the mode of amateur (recreational) ice fishing. This approuch allowed making expert assessment of the annual catch of toothed smelt in the lakes by amature fishermen. It has been found, that the actual total catch of smelt in the lakes Nerpichye and Kalygir, believing average annual data, is about 300 t, what is looking like commercial scale. How- ever, results of the monitoring indicate, that biological structure in both popuations of toothed smelt has not demonstrated any substantial longterm changes, what indicates of a stable modern state of the stocks of the species in the lakes Nerpichye and Kalygir.
Assessment of the impact of polar bears on the grouping of pacific walruses at the Cape Vankarem rookery during the summer-autumn period in 2017–2021
Authors: Zagrebelniy S. V.
Published: January 2023

The aim of this work is to assess the impact of polar bears (Ursus maritimus Phipps, 1774) on the distribution, abundance, and migration activity of Pacific walrus (Odobenus rosmarus divergens Illiger, 1815) on the coastal rookery Cape Vankarem (Chukotka Autonomous District) during the period from August to October 2017–2021.

Also, based on the analysis of data on the number of walruses and bears on the rookery and analysis of photographs, we tried to assess the physical condition of predators, the degree of their attachment to the rookery, i. e. to determine how the age and sex composition of the bear group at the rookery changes during the development of walrus migration activity on the Cape Vankarem rookery. It has been established that: along with anthropogenic influence, polar bears are one of the main factors scaring walruses on the Cape Vankarem coastal rookery; immature bears spend significantly more time at the rookery than adult females with pups or adult males; the physical condition of the majority of bears is good, but the adult males are more frequently below average in fatness; while in the rookery, no food and space competition for food resources was observed between bears.
The Medicinal Mushroom Ganoderma neo-japonicum (Agaricomycetes) Polysaccharide Extract Prevents Obesity-Induced Diabetes in C57BL/6J Mice
Authors: Subramaniam Sarasvathy , Ong Kien Chai , Sabaratnam Vikineswary , Chua Kek Heng , Kuppusamy Umah Rani
Published: January 2023

Ganoderma neo-japonicum Imazeki is a medicinal mushroom consumed by the indigenous people in Malaysia as a remedy for diabetes. This study aims to validate the efficacy of G. neo-japonicum polysaccharides (GNJP) on obesity-induced type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in C57BL/6J mice. Mice were divided into seven groups; normal diet (ND)-control, high-fat-diet (HFD)-control, HFDGNJP-treated (50, 100, 200 mg/kg b.w.), HFDMET (metformin 50 mg/kg; positive-control) and ND-GNJP (200 mg/kg b.w.). Mice were administered GNJP or metformin orally for 10 weeks (thrice/week) and sacrificed after an oral glucose tolerance test. Body weight, serum biochemicals, liver histology, adipocyte gene expressions, glucose and insulin levels were measured. HFD caused obesity, dyslipidemia, and diabetes in the untreated groups. GNJP (50 mg/kg b.w.) supplementation prevented weight gain and liver steatosis, improved serum lipid profile and glucose tolerance and attenuated hyperglycemia and hyperinsulinemia more effectively when compared with the other treatment groups. The prevention of obesity and lipid dysregulation is plausibly attributed to the increased hormone-sensitive lipase and reduced Akt-1 and Ppary gene expressions while the up-regulation of AdipoQ (adiponectin), Prkag2 and Slc2a4 genes served to sensitize insulin and improve glucose uptake. Thus, supplementation with an appropriate dose of GNJP has promising efficacies in preventing HFD aka obesity-induced T2DM and associated metabolic abnormalities.
Machine learning driven damper for response control in vehicle–bridge interaction systems
Authors: Rajnish Kumar , Kodakkal Anoop , Zelleke Daniel H. , Meethal Rishith E. , Matsagar Vasant A. , Bletzinger Kai-Uwe , Wüchner Roland
Published: January 2023

The implementation of machine learning for the real-time prediction of the suitable value of the damping ratio of a semi-active tuned mass damper (SA-TMD) is investigated to ensure enhanced vibration control in vehicle–bridge interaction (VBI) problems. The response assessment of the uncontrolled, tuned mass damper (TMD)-controlled, and SA-TMD-controlled bridge models is performed under the Japanese Shinkansen (SKS) train model. The energy-based predictive (EBP) control algorithm is implemented for the bridge fitted with the SA-TMD. The EBP algorithm-controlled SA-TMD results in more effective suppression of the bridge vibration as compared to the passive TMD. However, the effectiveness of the EBP algorithm reduces for more complex VBI systems because of the increased computational time delay. To circumvent the effect of the delay, a control strategy is proposed based on the weighted random forest (WRF) algorithm. The WRF algorithm is trained based on the data obtained from the EBP algorithm-controlled bridge and implemented to suppress the vehicle-induced vibration of the bridge using SA-TMD. The results demonstrate that the implementation of the newly proposed WRF algorithm-based control strategy nullifies the effects of the computational time delay. Furthermore, it is established that the WRF algorithm suppresses the bridge vibration more effectively than the EBP algorithm.
Herpes zoster after COVID-19 vaccination, aspect of pain medicine: a retrospective, single-center study
Authors: Lee Ji Hye , Kim Yu Yil , Heo Hyun Joo , Park Ji Hun , Cho Hyung Gu , Kim Geonbo
Published: January 2023

Background: Herpes zoster (HZ) is one of the most common cutaneous adverse reactions associated with the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine and has been widely reported. This study aimed to evaluate HZ following COVID-19 vaccination from the viewpoint of pain management.Methods: A retrospective study was conducted on 42 patients with HZ who visited the pain clinic between August 2021 and October 2021. Medical records were reviewed to compare pain severity, treatment methods, treatment duration, and incidence rate of postherpetic neuralgia (PHN) in patients who received COVID-19 vaccination within 6 weeks prior to developing symptoms compared with other patients with HZ.Results: Fourteen patients developed HZ within 6 weeks after vaccination and were significantly younger than the other HZ groups. There were no significant differences in the frequency of prodromal pain, location of pain, pain severity, treatment methods, treatment duration, or incidence of PHN compared with the other HZ groups.Conclusions: COVID-19 vaccination-related HZ showed clinical features similar to those of the other HZ.
Epidemiology of tetanus in Canada, 1995–2019
Authors: Salem Nicole , Huang Grace , Squires Susan G. , Salvadori Marina I. , Li Y. Anita
Published: January 2023

Objectives

This report aims to use tetanus hospitalization data to describe the epidemiology in Canada from 1995 to 2019 and to assess progress on national reduction targets, including validating that Canada has eliminated maternal and neonatal tetanus (MNT).

Methods

Tetanus hospitalizations and fatalities occurring between 1995 and 2019 were retrieved from the Canadian Institute for Health Information (CIHI) and Statistics Canada. Cases coded with ICD-10 codes A33, A34, or A35 as the primary diagnosis (or ICD-9 equivalents) were included. The Canadian national case definition was used for generic tetanus and definitions from the World Health Organization were referenced for MNT. R version 4.0.2 was used for analyses.

Results

From 1995 to 2019, 155 non-MNT, 6 neonatal, and 0 maternal tetanus cases were retrieved from CIHI. However, all 6 neonatal cases were excluded after validating with provincial/territorial public health officials. In the same time period, there were 91 national notifications of tetanus. Cases were distributed relatively equally across the country, with the exception of the territories, where zero cases were reported. Adults 75 and over had significantly higher incidence rates compared to younger age groups (p<0.001). Ten deaths were reported during the timeframe.

Conclusion

Tetanus incidence remains low and hospitalization data reveal that Canada has met its reduction target of maintaining 5 cases or fewer annually in recent years. For MNT, Canada has successfully met the elimination target of zero cases. Continued vaccination efforts must be practiced for all age groups, including those aged 75 years and older, to sustain targets moving forward.
Comparative Analysis of the Legal Regulation of Digital Financial Assets in Russia and Other Countries
Authors:   Russian Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Girich Maria , Ermokhin Ivan ,   Russian Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Levashenko Antonina ,   Russian Academy of National Economy and Public Administration
Published: January 2023

Today, a crypto economy is actively developing throughout the globe based on the use of cryptographic technologies for the creation of new digital products, including the issuance of digital financial instruments. The topic of regulation of digital financial assets (hereinafter referred to as DFA) is relevant in the world: since 2019, some countries, including Russia, began to introduce legal norms regarding the issuance of DFA, as well as the sale and turnover of such assets on the market. This article compares approaches to the regulation of DFA in Russia and globally, including the issue of determining financial instruments that will be related to these assets, aspects of the procedure for issuing, storing, and trading them, including the basic rights and obligations of issuers and investors in such assets, and the features of the operation of trading floors and platforms for issuing DFA. In general, two approaches to the regulation of DFA can be distinguished. The first approach is the application of existing rules to tokenized assets (for example, laws on securities and financial instruments); this approach is used in the United States. The second is regulation through the introduction of a new framework for the application of distributed ledger technology in financial services, for example, in Russia, Germany, Luxembourg, the European Union (EU), and Switzerland. This article examines the second approach, which is currently implemented in Russia, to identify differences with foreign regulation, for example, the use of custodian institution for accounting and storing digital assets, converting DFA into traditional financial assets, and creating rules for trading digital financial assets.
Manual de configuración Audiomoth 1.2.0 - Guía de 8+1 pasos v1
Authors: Pacheco Jaime
Published: January 2023

Esta pequeña guía está dedicada a toda persona o institución interesada en incorporar las evaluaciones acústicas pasivas de murciélagos u otro grupo de fauna silvestre (e incluso evaluación de paisaje sonoro) empleando dispositivos Audiomoth en sus planes de trabajo en instrumentos de gestión ambiental. En este manual, se simplifica en un pequeño número de pasos el procedimiento para configurar dispositivos Audiomoths los cuales pueden ser adaptados según las necesidades y objetivos de sus proyectos.
Additional General Educational Developmental Program “Correction of Difficulties in Mastering the Educational Program for Students of Primary General Education (Neuropsychological Approach)”
Authors: Shaubert S.E.
Published: January 2023

The article provides a description of the additional general educational developmental program of work with children aged 7 to 10 years who have difficulties in mastering the educational program based on methods of neuropsychological correction. The author identifies the types of difficulties in relation to which the effectiveness of the program has been confirmed: difficulties associated with the shortcomings in the formation of complex in structure and multi-level organization of motor skills of writing and reading, difficulties due to the peculiarities of the formation of the cognitive component of writing, reading and computational skills, as well as difficulties, associated with shortcomings in the formation of the regulatory component of writing, reading and computing skills. The program is aimed at harmonizing the development of higher mental functions in order to overcome difficulties in mastering the educational program. The evaluation of the quality of the program was carried out on the basis of quantitative and qualitative indicators based on the results of a psychodiagnostic examination, observation, and a survey of children and parents.
Program on the Prevention of Substance Use “Independence”
Authors: Kolesnik S.A. , Ogorodnikova N.E. , Shmuylovich E.V.
Published: January 2023

The article describes the program, which is focused on adolescents who are brought up in organizations for orphans and children left without parental care, who have already experienced episodes of psychoactive substance use, or who have signs of an emerging addiction in its initial stage. This preventive program has been developed taking into account the characteristics of orphans and is aimed at secondary prevention of the use of psychoactive substances. The results of the approbation of the program testify to the positive dynamics of its participants in terms of self-control and self-regulation of behavior. An increase in foresight and caution among pupils was revealed, even to the detriment of obtaining new impressions and information. One of the results of testing the program was the identification of the need to introduce additional diagnostic tools aimed at measuring various ways to overcome negative life situations and ways of interacting with the surrounding society.
Impact Of Varying Channel Model Mixtures On Radio Resource Management For The OFDMA Downlink
Authors: Jinho Choi Leonidas Sivridis, Xinheng Wang,
Published: January 2023

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Survey of Reactive and Hybrid Routing Protocols for Mobile Ad Hoc Networks
Authors: David Harle and Ivan Andonovic Haseeb Zafar, Nancy Alhamahmy,
Published: January 2023

Mobile Ad Hoc Networks (MANETs) are wireless communication networks that operate without the need for any infrastructure. They are characterized by challenging environments; where the nodes are in constant motion, bandwidth and other resources are limited and the transmission medium prone to errors and collisions. Since wireless transmission ranges are limited, data often has to be relayed through multiple hops, which is why routing protocols are necessary to determine the best routes to send data across. There are numerous MANET routing protocols, categorized in different ways. This paper presents an overview of MANETs routing issues as well as a detailed discussion of the operating principles behind a few selected routing protocols and their relative performance.
Message efficient global snapshot recording using a self stabilizing spanning tree in a MANET
Authors: Awadhesh Kumar Singh Parmeet Kaur Jaggi and
Published: January 2023

Distributed snapshots are a significant paradigm for distributed systems. These are applied for constructing checkpoint protocols, apart from investigating, testing, or proving properties in distributed executions such as deadlocks and termination. Though a number of snapshot algorithms exist for traditional distributed systems, they cannot be directly applied to mobile ad hoc networks due to the constraints of topology and hostile conditions in which the MANETs operate. The paper presents an algorithm for recording the global state of a clustered and multi-hop mobile ad hoc network. The proposed algorithm imposes a self stabilizing spanning tree upon the network topology to reduce the message overhead in the system due to the algorithm and to deal with the dynamic nature of MANETs. Moreover, the protocol handles concurrent snapshot initiation and does not require FIFO channels. The message complexity of snapshot recording is O(n-1) where n is the number of clusters in the system
Bayesian statistics applied to the location of the source of explosions at Stromboli Volcano, Italy
Authors: Saccorotti Gilberto , Chouet Bernard , Martini Marcello , Scarpa Roberto
Published: January 2023

We present a method for determining the location and spatial extent of the source of explosions at Stromboli Volcano, Italy, based on a Bayesian inversion of the slowness vector derived from frequency-slowness analyses of array data. The method searches for source locations that minimize the error between the expected and observed slowness vectors. For a given set of model parameters, the conditional probability density function of slowness vectors is approximated by a Gaussian distribution of expected errors. The method is tested with synthetics using a five-layer velocity model derived for the north flank of Stromboli and a smoothed velocity model derived from a power-law approximation of the layered structure. Application to data from Stromboli allows for a detailed examination of uncertainties in source location due to experimental errors and incomplete knowledge of the Earth model. Although the solutions are not constrained in the radial direction, excellent resolution is achieved in both transverse and depth directions. Under the assumption that the horizontal extent of the source does not exceed the crater dimension, the 90% confidence region in the estimate of the explosive source location corresponds to a small volume extending from a depth of about 100 m to a maximum depth of about 300 m beneath the active vents, with a maximum likelihood source region located in the 120- to 180-m-depth interval.
A further note on earthquake size distributions
Authors: Scholz Christopher H.
Published: January 2023

At the scale range of 1 to 10 km, faults are not continuous surfaces but are tabular bodies composed of a mesh of subparallel unconnected strands, or subfaults. The cumulative length distribution of these subfaults is observed to be a power law with an approximate exponent of −2 and an upper fractal limit at W*, the seismogenic width. If it is assumed that small earthquakes, with lengths L ≤ W*, represent the rupture of these subfaults, this offers a physical explanation for small earthquakes having their observed power-law distribution with exponent −2/3. This further implies that any earthquake will be composed of a population of subevents involving the rupture of this population of subfaults: precisely what was proposed by Frankel (1991) to explain the ω−2 high-frequency falloff of earthquake displacement spectra.
Radiation-Induced 3D Genome Structure Reorganization Regulates Gene Transcription
Authors: Zhang Zhihong , Xiao Yazhi , He Xinrong , Chen Yiyao , Sheng Hailong , Zhu Zhenru , Sun Jingyuan , Cao Chuanhui
Published: January 2023

Radiation can induce cellular three-dimensional (3D) genome reorganization. However, the exact functional relevance of spatial rearrangements to gene transcription remains unknown. First, we screened and profiled the global picture of the 3D genome structure reorganization in human hepatocellular carcinoma cells MHCC-LM3 that were irradiated with 4Gy X-ray at a concentration of 100 cGy/min for 4 min using the high-throughput chromosome conformation capture (Hi-C) technique. They were maped and analyzed at three levels: compartment, topologically associating domain (TAD) and TAD boundary, and loop. The regulatory relationships within gene transcription exerted by the related dynamic spatial structure were confirmed by ribonucleic acid sequencing (RNA-seq) and further experimentally confirmed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction in the same treated cell samples. A significant increase in interchromosomal interactions was observed in the irradiated cells. The extent of the effect of dynamic compartment switches and disrupted and gained TAD boundaries on gene transcription was significantly greater than that of small differential chromatin loops. Genes in human leukocyte antigen (HLA) and C‑C motif chemokine ligand (CCL) gene clusters associated with TAD boundary alterations were considerably upregulated, and this effect was maintained 24 h post-radiation. We characterized the radiation-induced landscape map of the 3D genome in cells and elucidated the mechanism by which 3D genome reorganization spatially regulates gene transcription. This study provides a basis for further research directed toward understanding the role of structural alterations in gene expression.
Sanitary Reforms in Hong Kong (Second Half of the 19th Century to the Beginning of the 20th Century)
Authors: Mikhel Irina
Published: January 2023

Sanitary reforms in China began in parts of the country where European influence was strong. The British colony of Hong Kong was at the forefront of sanitary reforms, where the population naturally had to adapt to the difficult conditions of the climate, the burden of infectious diseases and constant overcrowding. By the early 1880s, the colony's growing Chinese population and disorderly housing development raised serious concerns among the European community that the presence of the Chinese posed a tangible threat to the health and well-being of Europeans in this part of East Asia. This sentiment prompted a series of sanitary reforms, catalyzed by the reports of colonial engineer Osbert Chadwick, a staunch advocate of sanitation and equal access to modern sanitary infrastructure. His reports of 1882 and 1902 set the course of sanitary reform in Hong Kong for the long term. They were also a response to the Hong Kong Chinese community's request for universal access to adequate methods of rainwater and domestic sewage disposal, as well as access to a more equitable water supply. Like all fast-growing global cities, Hong Kong's continued development was impossible without an extensive sanitation transformation program. It was advocated not only by the most far-sighted members of the colonial administration, but also by much of the colony's Chinese population.
“Russian Question” in the History of Formation of the State National Policy of the Russian Federation
Authors: Volokh Vladimir
Published: January 2023

Russian national policy, which is being developed and implemented, inevitably presents its official vision to the society, firstly, of the place and role of the Russian people both in history and at the present stage of the development of national statehood, and secondly, of the correlation of Russian self-consciousness and Russian national identity. Throughout the entire post-Soviet period, the severity of the "Russian question" in the above-mentioned interpretation remains, which determines the relevance of the subject of the research. Based on the study of the development, adjustment and updating of the official narrative of the state national policy of the Russian Federation — the Constitution of the country, doctrinal documents (concepts and strategies), statements of the highest leaders of the state this article shows how the understanding of the Russian cultural dominant as the basis of the Russian national identity and the idea of the state-forming role of the Russian people were developed and refined. Theoretical approaches developed by Russian and foreign researchers (E. Smith, M. V. Remizov, V. A. Tishkov et al.), allowed to substantiate the regularity of cultural and value homogenization of a complex multiethnic society based on the culture of the dominant ethnic group in the process of forming and strengthening modern national identity. Noting the incorrectness of reducing Russian national identity to its purely civil component, the authors argue that the concept of Russian cultural dominant (a single cultural code) in the lexicon of modern state national policy of Russia indicates the cultural component of Russian national identity. In the last decade, the idea of the state-forming role of the Russian people has been firmly established in the official discourse of Russian politics. This is reflected in the 2020 constitutional amendment on the Russian language, which, as the language of the state-forming people, is the state language of the Russian Federation throughout its territory.
Bilateral Historical Committees as an Example of Scientific Diplomacy
Authors: Chubaryan Alexander
Published: January 2023

An article by the famous Russian historian A. O. Chubaryan is devoted to the gradual development of science diplomacy as an independent scientific discipline, the implementation of its principles and ideas in practice and the study of Russian experience in this area. The author dwells in particular detail on the work of bilateral commissions of historians, which have become an example of genuine science diplomacy. Despite the initial skepticism, the constructive approach, on the one hand, of Russian historians, and, on the other hand, of their German, Austrian, Polish and Lithuanian colleagues, has made it possible in recent years to publish a number of joint books for secondary school teachers on the most problematic and topical issues of history. The author calls for more active use of the experience of the Cold War, when international scientific expert groups were formed, which jointly searched for ways to alleviate international tension and exit from the acute phase of the Cold War. The publication of archival documents also plays an important role in realizing the goals of science diplomacy. In general, in recent years, despite the aggravation of the international situation, Russian historians have gained considerable experience in international cooperation, the best confirmation of which was the holding of the first ever World Congress of School History Teachers in Moscow in 2021, and in September 2022 in St. Petersburg — conferences with the participation of authors of school textbooks from around the world.
Ultrasound Non-Destructive Characterization of Early Hydration of Cement Pastes: The Effects of Water-Cement Ratio and Curing Temperature
Authors: Banouni Hicham , Khatib Nabil , Ouacha El Houssaine , Faiz Bouazza , Aboudaoud Idris , Mesbah Hicham
Published: January 2023

A newly developed ultrasound method that acquires at the same time both reflected and transmitted P-waves, at different angles, using two immersion transducers of 0.5 MHz central frequency, is described in this present study. This non-destructive method allows calculating the longitudinal and transverse velocities, and thus, the Young modulus, so that its evolutions is followed in time domain. The closely correlation between the evolution in time domain of those calculated parameters and hydration properties of cement based materials was used to characterize the effects of different water-cement ratio and curing temperatures on early age hydration behaviour of cement pastes. To do so, cement samples were prepared by mixing Portland cement and freshwater. Results indicates that lower water to cement ratio reduces the workability and increases the Young modulus of resulted cement medium. Also, both ultrasound velocities and Young modulus values increases linearly with increasing curing temperature.
Classification Predictive Maintenance Using XGboost with Genetic Algorithm
Authors: Salim Khiat , Hebri Rahal Sidi Ahmed , Besma Senaï
Published: January 2023

This study develops a condition classification system of compressor 103J and water pump systems which are key equipment in the ammonia production line, hence the monitoring of these two very important machines. In recent years, there are many good intelligent machine learning algorithms and XGboost is one of them. However, it contains many parameters and classification performance of the model will be greatly affected by the selection of parameters and their combination technique. In this paper, XGboost algorithm is combined with the genetic algorithm, called GA-XGboost, in order to find the best hyper parameters of classifiers which makes the classifier more efficient and ensures the proper functioning of compressor 103J and water pump systems. Experiments show that GA-XGboost algorithm has improved the accuracy of classification in the compressor 103J and the water pump dataset compared with other machine learning algorithms like Support Vector Machine (SVM), Random Forest (RF) and AdaBoost. Also experiments demonstrate the improvement of the GA-XGboost algorithm by the combination of different selection and crossover operators of the genetic algorithm.
A Case Study on Green Areas Change-Detection in Baghdad Using Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Ali Rasha A. , Al-Bazzaz Inaam A.
Published: January 2023

As our cities expand and more people migrate into already crowded regions, green areas in cities minimize the effects of pollution and help reduce the urban heat island effect. Adhamiya in Baghdad is one of these urban fabrics that are suffering nowadays from crowded urban fabric with a shortage of green lungs; therefore, in response to these rapid changes and the need to keep an eye on them. This research presented a study based on artificial intelligence, which took advantage of HSV spectrum by restricting it to a group of colors that represent the colors of the green areas, as well as the generation of masks and use of them in the design of the study, as these technologies might provide speedy findings and contribute to the formulation of real-time judgments to examine examples of tissue changes and their influencing elements. Changes in the Green areas of urban fabric were analyzed using artificial intelligence has made considerable progress in exploring and deducing real-time changes and monitoring the environment. The results revealed a drop in the ratio of green areas from 22.45% to 5.46%. This serious indicator necessitates intervention by decision leaders to rectify the situation due to an important correlation between the decline in green areas and the increase in temperature in the region.
The effect of levetiracetam on depression and anti-oxidant activity in patients with epilepsy
Authors: Mehvari-Habibabadi Jafar , Zare Mohammad , Aghaye-Ghazvini Mohammad Reza , Rahnama Maryam
Published: January 2023

Background: Levetiracetam (LEV) is approved for treating epilepsy. The current evidence shows that LEV can cause behavioral problems such as depression. It is well-known that depression is associated with oxidative stress. Therefore, we conducted this study to assess the influence of LEV on depression severity and anti-oxidant status.
Methods: In this prospective longitudinal study, 50 patients with diagnosis of epilepsy on LEV were included. We used Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II) to assess depression severity. The serum levels of zinc and glutathione were measured as anti-oxidant markers. These variables were evaluated at the baseline and 3 months after the commencement of LEV.
Results: A total of 30 patients finished the follow-up. Among them, 21 patients were women. The mean age at baseline was 28.76 ± 11.37 (range: 16-68 years). The severity of depression at the last follow-up was significantly higher than the baseline. We observed a decrease in the serum levels of zinc and glutathione, though they were not statistically significant.
Conclusion: Our results suggest that LEV can increase the risk of depression in patients with epilepsy. This study also suggests that zinc depletion can be induced through act of LEV. Further studies are needed to validate these findings.
Association between plasma PCSK9 levels and lipid profile in patients with Parkinson’s disease and comparison with healthy subjects
Authors: Jahed Mohammad Reza , Habibi Seyed Amir Hassan , Vaseghi Golnaz , Amiri Hasan , Montazeri Hamed , Eshraghi Azedeh
Published: January 2023

Background: Up to know, limited and contradictory results have been published about the role of prognostic values of lipid profile and proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) in Parkinson’s disease (PD). The aim of the present study is to investigate the role of lipid profile and PCSK9 in patients with PD and compare it with healthy individuals.
Methods: In this case-control study, 31 individuals diagnosed with PD were compared with 31 healthy individuals. The lipid profile and PCSK9 of research participants were measured and the resulting data were analyzed using SPSS software. The P-values smaller than 0.05 were considered significant.
Results: The mean age of participants in the PD and control group was 56.9 ± 8.8 and 53.7 ± 10.1 years, respectively (P > 0.050). 27 individuals (87.1%) in the PD group and 13 individuals (41.9%) in the control group were men. Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) level (84.2 ± 24.9 ml/dl vs. 105.5 ± 16.8, P < 0.001), high-density lipoprotein (HDL) level (45.5 ± 8.7 ml/dl vs. 51.1 ± 9.5 ml/dl, P < 0.001), and total cholesterol (155.3 ± 31.2 ml/dl vs. 192.8 ± 32.5 ml/dl, P < 0.001) were lower and triglyceride (TG) level was higher in the PD group (133.3 ± 79.3 ml/dl vs. 131.2 ± 58.6 ml/dl, P = 0.900) compared with the control group. significant difference was found (141.6 ± 70.0 vs. 129.7 ± 51.0 ng/ml, P = 0.500) compared to healthy subjects. Moreover, there was no relation between PCSK9 and severity of PD.
Conclusion: Our findings showed that individuals with PD had lower levels of HDL, LDL, and total cholesterol compared with the control group. However, higher concentrations of PCSK9 were observed in patients with PD compared with healthy volunteers.