bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
La escucha en trabajos de María Bertely y un proyecto sobre lectura y escritura en lenguas indígenas
Authors: Keyser Ulrike Barbara Ingeborg
Published: June 2024

La escucha es el primer sentido que desarrollan los seres humanos, es necesario para aprender a hablar, leer y escribir; sin embargo, no es objeto de enseñanza escolarizada. No obstante, existen otros espacios de formación y práctica que reconocen la importancia de esta habilidad. Es el caso de la etnografía, que la fomenta como componente fundamental de sus perspectivas epistemológicas y descriptivas. Otro ámbito de prácticas de escucha son los interaprendizajes que se generan mediante el Método Inductivo Intercultural.Este artículo tiene como objetivo dar cuenta de cómo María Bertely, como etnógrafa, co-constructora y supervisora del Método Inductivo Intercultural y coordinadora de proyectos dentro de la Red de Educación Intercultural Inductiva, entendió y practicó la escucha, así como examinar sus dimensiones en el actual proyecto de esta red sobre lectura y escritura en lenguas indígenas. Para ello se revisan conceptos de escucha, textos de la propia María Bertely y documentos de trabajo del proyecto en curso.Entre los hallazgos destaca el lugar central que ocupan los interaprendizajes, articulados con ciertos modos de escucha y generados en contextos interculturales. Las prácticas de escucha de María Bertely se inscriben en su perspectiva hermenéutica de etnografía y el interaprendizaje. Los talleres de formación docente del proyecto evidencian la complejidad de escucha en contextos de población indígena y la importancia de mantener prácticas de oralidad frente al predominio de lo visual y escrito promovido tradicionalmente por la escuela.
Genealogías, migración, educación superior y género en el Istmo de Tehuantepec, Oaxaca
Authors: Rea-Ángeles Patricia
Published: June 2024

Este artículo analiza las relaciones sociales, familiares y de paisanaje entre una comunidad zapoteca del Istmo de Tehuantepec y las principales ciudades a donde emigran para escolarizarse a nivel superior. Al mismo tiempo, muestra las transformaciones en las relaciones de género que se han suscitado como resultado de estos procesos migratorios con fines educativos.  
Este trabajo se enmarca en una investigación de largo aliento sobre el tema, realizada en un primer momento, para mi tesis de licenciatura y maestría, y posteriormente para el desarrollo de mi tesis doctoral del año 2009 al año 2013. Asimismo, en las investigaciones intermitentes que he llevado a cabo hasta la fecha, cuyos resultados se expresan en diversos artículos y capítulos de libro. 
Se inscribe dentro de los estudios de la antropología de la educación y se fundamenta en la perspectiva de análisis propuesta por María Bertely (1997, 1998, 2004, 2019) sobre procesos de escolarización, etnogénesis, autonomía de facto, y enfoque sincrónico/diacrónico, para entender cómo procesos micro y comunitarios, aparentemente aislados en el tiempo, se conectan a procesos estructurales, macrosociales, de carácter global y de largo aliento, como es la escuela, en su sentido más amplio. La metodología está basada en el uso de la genealogía, la etnografía, la entrevista y la observación participante como herramientas clásicas de la antropología. 
Entre los resultados encontramos que el acceso al dispositivo escolar, y específicamente a la educación superior, funge como herramienta para la obtención, manipulación y preservación de la ciudadanía étnica; para la transformación de las identidades étnicas y genéricas; y la formación de alianzas estratégicas con el Estado-nación y sus políticas gubernamentales. En ese sentido, el trabajo representa un estudio original, al analizar los casos de las familias letradas zapotecas de clase media y alta, escasos en la antropología mexicana. No obstante, veremos que contar con privilegios de clase no exime a los zapotecos de experimentar racismo, discriminación y desigualdades de género en los contextos de la migración.
“Con mi corazón abierto”: aportes de María Bertely a las Milpas Educativas para el buen vivir
Authors: Sartorello Stefano Claudio , Ortelli Paola
Published: June 2024

Desde un posicionamiento en cuanto alumnos, discípulos y colaboradores de María Bertely, reflexionamos sobre sus aportes al proceso de gestación y desarrollo del proyecto “Milpas Educativas: Laboratorios Socionaturales vivos para el buen vivir”. Luego de precisar el locus de enunciación y las fuentes que sustentan el análisis, se explicitan los referentes políticos y epistemológicos que resultan fundamentales para comprender la esencia de un proyecto educativo con un claro posicionamiento etnopolítico y altermundista. Éstos, además, permiten valorar las contribuciones de Bertely como coordinadora y cuidadora del Método Inductivo Intercultural y académica comprometida y mandatada por los educadores comunitarios de la Unión de Maestros de la Nueva Educación para México (UNEM) y las comunidades indígenas que los nombraron. Posteriormente, se analizan sus aportes a la fase de gestación del proyecto, enfatizando en sus gestiones ante la instancia financiadora y en los logros resultantes. Enseguida, se reflexiona acerca de sus contribuciones en el proceso de desarrollo de Milpas Educativas, destacando las dimensiones políticas, epistémicas, axiológicas y pedagógicas que las caracterizaron. Se concluye presentando algunos de sus más importantes legados a la antropología educativa mexicana y latinoamericana, poniendo énfasis en su compromiso político con la causa indígena.
Crédito a pequeños productores de maíz en regiones lacustres de Michoacán
Authors: González Pérez José Manuel , López-Paniagua Rosalía
Published: June 2024

El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar el nivel de acceso al crédito público de los pequeños productores de maíz en las regiones lacustres de Chapala, Pátzcuaro y Cuitzeo en el estado de Michoacán, en el marco de la política financiera de corte neoliberal adoptada en los años 1981-2022 en comparación con el periodo posrevolucionario. Este sector productivo se caracteriza principalmente por tener bajos ingresos económicos, disponer de poca superficie de tierra y carencia de equipo y maquinaria y no ser sujeto de crédito, por lo que los integrantes de dicho sector comparten la condición de exclusión al financiamiento para la producción. 
La metodología empleada consistió en recabar información histórica respecto a la operación de las instituciones financieras rurales públicas creadas en el periodo posrevolucionario y la transición neoliberal que experimentaron en los años ochenta. También en la obtención de datos mediante la aplicación de 611 encuestas para identificar algunos elementos que expliquen la actual exclusión al crédito púbico de los pequeños productores de maíz en las regiones lacustres de Michoacán. Los resultados revelan que este sector productivo tiene un bajo nivel de acceso, condición que obedece a los cambios de la política pública crediticia impulsados por los gobiernos federales desde la década de los noventa. Estos provocaron modificaciones institucionales radicales en la forma de operar el crédito agrícola y contribuyeron a que actualmente se presente una escasa disposición de crédito público dirigido a los pequeños productores de maíz.
Aportes de María Bertely Busquets a la Historiografía de la Educación Mexicana
Authors: Alfonseca Giner de los Ríos Juan Bernardo
Published: June 2024

El escrito se aboca a situar la trayectoria y aportes realizados por María Bertely Busquets en el campo de la investigación histórica sobre la educación mexicana con el propósito de destacar una faceta de su actividad intelectual poco conocida pero muy importante para ella. La edición de La División es nuestra fuerza. Escuela, Estado-nación y poder étnico en un pueblo migrante de Oaxaca, su gran trabajo póstumo, constituye el eje del recuento de su participación y aportes a la historiografía de la educación en el país. Pero, además, sirve para situar un prolongado proceso constructivo precedido de acercamientos a la historia y a la historización de la cultura de la escuela y sus agentes desde la práctica etnográfica, que después da paso a la profundización y desarrollo del método antropológico-histórico que despliega en la obra. Como una reflexión final, se destaca la importancia de acercar los trabajos y fomentar el intercambio intelectual entre antropólogos e historiadores de la educación.
La influenza española de 1918 en Chiapas desde la perspectiva del framing
Authors: Martínez Mendoza Sarelly , Lisbona Guillén Miguel
Published: June 2024

Este texto analiza, desde la perspectiva del framing, la forma en que los periódicos enmarcaron la “influenza española” que padecieron los habitantes de Chiapas en 1918. Se encontró que en un principio trataron de minimizar la letalidad de la enfermedad, pero cuando los fallecidos incrementaron y se comprobó la gravedad de la situación, destacaron las medidas dictadas por las autoridades políticas y sanitarias, la solidaridad generada y, de forma marginal, las consecuencias económicas. El frame que más se empleó fue de interés humano, seguido por el de soluciones/recomendaciones y de atribución de responsabilidad, en un contexto en el que Chiapas vivía enfrentamientos militares, aunque ya disminuidos, de la Revolución mexicana.
Jaunrade
Authors: Budanceva Jeļena
Published: June 2024

6.3. Filozofija, reliģija, ētika. Filozofiskās antropoloģijas apakšnozare. Atslēgvārdi: jaunrades jēdziens; jaunrades fenomens mākslā un zinātnē; globalizētā sabiedrība; jaunrade un slimība.
Identitāte
Authors: Sīle Vija
Published: June 2024

6.3. Filozofija, reliģija, ētika. Filozofiskās antropoloģijas apakšnozare. Atslēgvārdi: identitātes jēdziens; identitāšu daudzveidība; fiziskā identitāte; dzimumidentitāte; kopienu un grupu identitāte; sociālais konsrukcionisms; E. Eriksons.
Laime
Authors: Neiders Ivars
Published: June 2024

6.3. Filozofija, reliģija, ētika. Filozofiskās antropoloģijas apakšnozare. Atslēgvārdi: laimes jēdziens; hedonisms; kvantitatīvais hedonisms; psiholoģiskais hedonisms; ētiskais hedonisms; vēlmes; objektīvā saraksta teorijas.
Nāve
Authors: Sīlis Vents
Published: June 2024

6.3. Filozofija, reliģija, ētika. Filozofiskās antropoloģijas apakšnozare. Atslēgvārdi: nāves definīcija; dzīvības izbeigšana; eitanāzija; pieradinātā nāve; sava nāve; tava nāve; F. Arjess; tuvā un tālā nāve; aizliegtā nāve; medikalizācija.
Cilvēka uzlabošana
Authors: Neiders Ivars
Published: June 2024

In the paper “Human Enhancement”, Ivars Neiders discusses the prob­lems of defining human enhancement and the way how different defini­tions of human enhancement relate to different conceptions of human nature. / Ivars Neiders rakstā “Cilvēka uzlabošana” uzmanību pievērsis pēdējos gados īpaši bioētikā diskutablajam jautājumam par iespējām uzlabot cilvēku ar biomedicīnisku tehnoloģiju palīdzību. Ierasti šis jautājums tiek skatīts, pievēršoties tā ētiskajiem aspektiem, proti, uzdodot jautājumu, vai šāda veida manipulācijas būtu morāli attaisnojamas, tomēr raksta autors cilvēka uzlabošanu aplūko no nedaudz citāda skatu punkta. Viens no raksta pamatjautājumiem ir, kādā nozīmē ir iespējams runāt par cilvēka kā cilvēka uzlabošanu? Lai uz to atbildētu, ir nepieciešams noformulēt izpratni, ko nozīmē būt cilvēkam. I. Neiders aplūko dažādas iespējamās versijas par to, kā mēs varam aprakstīt cilvēka dabu un kā šie apraksti palīdz skaidrot, ko nozīmē uzlabot cilvēku. 6.3. Filozofija, reliģija, ētika. Filozofiskās antropoloģijas apakšnozare. Atslēgvārdi: uzlabošana; naturālisma teorijas; postcilvēks; cilvēka daba; sudzisms; antropocenrisms.
Spēle
Authors: Sīle Vija
Published: June 2024

Vija Sīle’s paper “Play” is a study of a phenomenon of play and its role in human creativity. / Vija Sīle rakstā “Spēle” turpina aplūkot cilvēku kā kultūrradošu būtni. Spēle ir eksistenciāla vajadzība un vienlaikus viens no socializācijas līdzekļiem, ar kura palīdzību cilvēks apgūst kultūru veidojošās nozīmes. Rakstā aplūkota klasiskā J. Heizingas teorija, kurā cilvēks raksturots kā Homo ludens – būtne, kas pašrealizējas ar spēles palīdzību. Spēles pazīmes ir brīva darbība, atrautība no ikdienas dzīves, telpiskā izolētība. Savukārt R. Kaijuā teorija papildina šo uzskaitījumu ar to, ka spēle ir ar neprognozējamu rezultātu, tā neko neražo, ir pakļauta savai īpašajai spēles realitātei un ir fiktīva salīdzinājumā ar ikdienas dzīvi. Psihologa E. Berna spēles teorija aplūko spēli kā sociālā kontakta formu – noteiktas lomas realizāciju. Spēle ir nepārtrauktu, papildinošu, slēptu transakciju sērija ar prognozējamu rezultātu. Savukārt Ē. Gofmanis lieto dramaturģisko pieeju – viņa teorijā spēle tiek skatīta caur “izrādes” metaforu – uzvedību nosaka aktiera atrašanās uz skatuves, aiz skatuves utt. Nobeigumā V. Sīle secina, ka spēle ir specifisks realitātes un iedomātā sajaukums, tādēļ daudzos gadījumos ir grūti nošķirt spēles situāciju no ne-spēles situācijas. Var teikt, ka dzīves māksla vienlaikus ir arī māksla spēlēt. 6.3. Filozofija, reliģija, ētika. Filozofiskās antropoloģijas apakšnozare. Atslēgvārdi: spēles jēdziens; homo ludens; transakcija; E. Berns; Ē. Gofmanis; J. Heizinga; māksla; simbols; svētki; sevis izrādīšana.
Dzīvesmāksla
Authors: Bitiniece Laura
Published: June 2024

In Laura Bitiniece’s paper “Art of Living”, two modern-day stories set the tone for continuous and fundamental human questions: what constitutes a good human life and what the ways of reaching it are. The answer is searched upon in the teachings of the so-called Ancient Greek schools of philosophy – cynics, stoics, epicureans and skeptics. / Filosofija mūsdienās ierasti tiek uzskatīta par teorētisku un no ikdienas dzīves tālu stāvošu disciplīnu. Tomēr šāds priekšstats ir nepatiess. Jau kopš filosofijas pirmsākumiem tā ir bijusi saistīta ar jautājumu, kā cilvēkam dzīvot savu dzīvi, un šis jautājums ir bijis svarīgs ne tikai antīko Atēnu iedzīvotājam, bet arī cilvēkiem vēl joprojām. Laura Bitiniece rakstā “Dzīvesmāksla” pievēršas tieši šim filosofijas aspektam. Autore sniedz ieskatu četru antīko filosofijas skolu (kiniķu, skeptiķu, epikūriešu un stoiķu) uzskatos un, atsaucoties uz ievērojamo antīkās filosofijas pētnieku Pjēru Ado, apraksta šo skolu izstrādātās garīgo vingrinājumu tehnikas. Nobeigumā L. Bitiniece pievēršas mūsdienās pastāvošajai paradoksālajai attieksmei pret vienatni, radošumu un sasniegumiem. 6.3. Filozofija, reliģija, ētika. Filozofiskās antropoloģijas apakšnozare. Atslēgvārdi: dzīves māksla; stoicisms; kiniķi; skeptiķi; epikūrieši; garīgie vingrinājumi; P. Ado; self-help.
Islas al viento. Cuando los norteamericanos quisieron Canarias
Authors:   Universidad de La Laguna (España), Garí Domingo
Published: June 2024

When the war between Spain and the United States broke out in 1898 there was an episode of this conflict that took place in the Canary Islands. The islands were not attacked, but they did experience stress and prepared for war in the face of repeated threats by the Americans. In the Canary Islands, there were no conditions to face the US squads and only the fanaticism of the ruling class and the military dreamed of impossible victories. The episode showed the harsh conditions of underdevelopment that the popular classes endured and the abandonment in which the governments of Madrid had the islands.
El silbo en Canarias y las nuevas narrativas identitarias insulares. Debates de la autenticidad en los procesos patrimonialistas de islas turistizadas
Authors:   Universidad de La Laguna (España), Alonso Suárez Airam
Published: June 2024

The publication of Díaz Reyes’ book El lenguaje silbado en la isla de El Hierro (2008) triggered a whole series of reactions in the mass media by politicians and cultural associations with public transcendence, questioning the validity of the process of the subsequent figure of BIC of the herreño whistle (initiated in 2018). These debates raised cross accusations between the differences political–cultural agents involved in whistle spanish in the Canary Islands. Faced with the possibility of recovering other modalities of the whistle (herreño and grancanario), a set of arguments arose in defence of the exclusivity and authenticity of the gomero whistle. Some herreño associations began to produce new identity narratives for the revitalization and recognition of their traditional whistle. Our study focuses on the articulated whistle and on the analysis of the patrimonial and political–identity dynamics in some tourist islands.
Cuestionando con criterio y fundamento la indicación médica: un análisis de las relaciones intersubjetivas entre médicas residentes y enfermeras
Authors:   Universidad Nacional de Avellaneda  (Argentina), Reif Luciana Cecilia
Published: June 2024

The aim of this article is to analyze the intersubjective relationships between medical residents and nurses working in neonatal therapy in a public hospital in Buenos Aires. A qualitative methodological approach was chosen, by means of semi-structured interviews. Among the most outstanding results, we can highlight the nursing questioning of medical indications, which implies the defense of their occupational autonomy by challenging medical knowledge. As long as interdisciplinary knowledge is not effectively shared in group spaces, it is difficult to avoid obstacles in intersubjective relationships that may harm the production of care.
Masculinidades, discapacidades y cuerpos dispares. Negociar el género en la Época vikinga
Authors:   Universidad de Oviedo (España), Carballido González Elías
Published: June 2024

Social understandings of gender have been variable throughout history and depending on the cultural context in question. The active theorization around this concept that has been developed in recent decades has served to establish the idea of its historicity and its intersectional character, that is, its constitution from the interaction with other categories. In this article we will delve into the intersection between gender and physical disabilities based on evidence from the Viking Age with the aim of understanding how the presence of differential physical traits or functions affected the individual’s gender identity. Specifically, we will focus on analyzing masculinities, which will also make it possible to reconsider the image of a space and time dominated by the collective ideal of the Viking as a hypermasculine and brave man and make it more complex conceiving the existence of alternative identities
El periplo internacional de Max Jiménez (1900-1947): mestizaje, sincretismo e itinerancia en la encrucijada genesíaca del arte de vanguardia costarricense
Authors:   University of Glasgow (Reino Unido), Soto-Chaves Alejandro
Published: June 2024

The article offers an unprecedented assessment of the international trajectory of Max Jiménez Huete (1900-1947), a seminal figure in Costa Rican and Central American avant-garde art in the 20th century. Despite being marginalized from the canonical narrative of modern art in Latin America, the aim is to elucidate a critical chronology of his travels, allowing for a systematic study of his work and establishing a rigorous documentary basis that links his aesthetic project with European, North American, and Latin American avant-gardes. Thus, it focuses on three key moments of his artistic progression: a) his training in Paris (1922-1925); b) his contact with Spanish culture (1929-1931/1933); c) his artistic maturity in Cuba (1935-1945).
Biopolitica, anatomía, y dolor social
Authors:   Universidad de Murcia (España), Monge Juárez Mariano
Published: June 2024

This article reflects on the ways of representing Picasso’s human anatomy in relation to the biopolitical and, above all, thanatopolitical development of fascism during the 1930s and 1940s in Spain and Europe, according to the theoretical proposals of Arendt, Foucault and Esposito. To this end, we have chosen three works: Guernica (1937), Woman Weeping (1937) and The Ossuary (1945), which make up the Malaga painter’s analytical and aesthetic line around his process of deconstructing the human anatomy from a Cubist viewpoint, but, from 1937, with a clearly vindictive function, of international struggle and denunciation against fascism. On the other hand, we have attempted to approach these works by Picasso from the point of view of the plastic art of Grünewald, Bosch, Goya and, much more closely, the painting of the expressionist Otto Dix, that is to say, we have looked at the pictorial tradition that has dealt with the human body, pain and war, in order to establish possible threads linked to Picasso’s work. In this sense, our objective has been to analyze the relationship between totalitarian power and the ways of understanding the representation of the human body, deconstructed anatomy, monstrosity, and collective suffering through the different aesthetic interpretations of Pablo Picasso.
The President’s Criminal Immunity
Authors: Grewal Amandeep S.
Published: June 2024

This Article addresses a monumental question that the Supreme Court will soon decide: does the President enjoy criminal immunity for her official acts? This Article argues that she does.

The potential criminal immunity for official acts has drawn exceptionally sharp critiques. Some scholars believe that the immunity is nonsensical, absurd, or downright offensive. Judge Florence Pan of the D.C. Circuit even posited that criminal immunity would allow the President to murder her political enemies with SEAL Team Six.

This Article shows that the critics are profoundly mistaken. Criminal immunity for a president’s official acts finds a strong foothold in Supreme Court jurisprudence. As important, criminal immunity for official acts applies more narrowly than the critics believe. Immunity would allow a president to fearlessly exercise her constitutional prerogatives but would not allow her to bribe, steal, or murder.
Boosting Influence: Türkiye’s Renewed Military Activism In The Balkans
Authors: EMİN NEDİM , EKİNCİ MEHMET UĞUR
Published: June 2024

While military and defense issues dominated Türkiye’s Balkan policy in the 1990s, economic, social, and cultural aspects became more salient from the early 2000s on. This article examines the resurgence of Türkiye’s military and defense activities in the Balkans since the late 2010s. By demonstrating various platforms of military presence and defense cooperation, the article discusses how Türkiye’s engagements in military and defense fields are widening and deepening. Türkiye actively participates in international operations and regional defense cooperation mechanisms, often assuming leading roles. Bilateral cooperation with Balkan countries has been further strengthened by new agreements signed in recent years. Türkiye has also seen a substantial increase in defense industry exports to the region, supporting the development of these countries’ defense capacities. Driven by various factors and motivations such as its commitment to regional peace and stability, its advancements in defense industry and military technology, its quest for a stronger role in the region, and the increasing interest of Balkan countries in collaborating with Türkiye, the rising activism in military and defense fields indicates a new trend in Türkiye’s Balkan policy. Thus, military and defense engagements, which were a significant dimension of Türkiye’s Balkan policy in the 1990s, are regaining importance, even if within a different context and driven by new dynamics.
Mengs en el teatro del Palacio Real de Aranjuez
Authors: Jordán de Urríes y de la Colina Javier
Published: June 2024

La pintura mural de la bóveda del teatro del Palacio Real de Aranjuez fue uno de los últimos trabajos de Antonio Raphael Mengs en España, junto a la finalización del fresco de La apoteosis de Trajano en el Palacio Real de Madrid. Con amplias zonas acabadas y otras solo dibujadas, la obra de Aranjuez fue definida como una “escuela del dibujo” por José Nicolás de Azara (1780). Sin embargo, ha tenido una historia compleja: la bóveda fue tapada en 1795 para disponer en ese salón el cuarto del príncipe de Parma y descubierta en 1932 mientras se preparaba un museo de tapices en el ala norte del palacio. En el estudio se aporta nueva documentación que permite precisar la cronología de la pintura mural. También se presentan unas fotografías apenas conocidas del hallazgo que contribuyen a una mejor comprensión de este trabajo inacabado de Mengs.
NCCR Catalysis at a Glance: A National Research Program on Sustainable Chemistry
Authors: Lagadec Marie-Francine , Mitchell Sharon , Waser Jérôme , Pérez-Ramírez Javier
Published: June 2024

Curious about how chemistry can contribute to sustainable development? In this overview, we explain the essence of NCCR funding, the research focus and structural goals of NCCR Catalysis, and how these align with the sustainable development goals (SDGs). Additionally, we highlight opportunities for getting involved with our program.
Understanding The Benefits and Risks of Sustainable Nanomaterials in a Research Environment
Authors: Keshavan Sandeep , Petri-Fink Alke , Rothen-Rutishauser Barbara
Published: June 2024

Nanomaterials hold immense potential for numerous applications in energy, health care, and environmental sectors, playing an important role in our daily lives. Their utilization spans from improving energy efficiency to enhancing medical diagnostics, and mitigating environmental pollution, thus presenting a multifaceted approach towards achieving sustainability goals. To ensure the sustainable and safe utilization of nanomaterials, a thorough evaluation of potential hazards and risks is essential throughout their lifecycle—from resource extraction and production to use and disposal. In this review, we focus on understanding and addressing potential environmental and health risks associated with nanomaterial utilization. We advocate for a balanced approach with early hazard identification, safe-by-design principles, and life cycle assessments, while emphasizing safe handling and disposal practices, collaboration, and continuous improvement. Our goal is to ensure responsible nanotechnology development, fostering innovation alongside environmental and community well-being, through a holistic approach integrating science, ethics, and proactive risk assessment.
Finding Joy in Science
Authors: Rickhaus Werner , Rickhaus Michel
Published: June 2024

This piece discusses the importance of sustainable education within the framework of the UN’s 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. We emphasize the need to foster a lifelong love for learning by instilling curiosity, emotional bonds, and joy in students. We suggest simplifying teaching methods to maximize depth of understanding, integrating wonder and emotion into scientific education, promoting vertical exploration rather than just covering knowledge horizontally, and fostering resilience and independence through experiential learning. We also advocate for collaborative learning environments and incorporating real-world projects into education. Ultimately, the goal is to create spaces where students can explore, experience joy, and develop a lasting passion for learning.
Comprehensive strategy of cow protection in thermal stress
Authors: Григорьев Д. , Пирогов Д.
Published: June 2024

Результаты опытов подтвердили, что комплексное использование систем вентиляции и фумигации для охлаждения и включение в рацион кормовой добавки МегаБуст Румен® для активации рубцовой микрофлоры позволяет более эффективно минимизировать последствия теплового стресса у лактирующих коров, чем при использовании только систем охлаждения.
Machine-Learning-Backed Evolutionary Exploration of Ti-rich SrTiO3(110) Surface Reconstructions
Authors: Wanzenböck Ralf , Heid Esther , Riva Michele , Franceschi Giada , Imre Alexander M. , Carrete Jesús , Diebold Ulrike , Madsen Georg K. H.
Published: June 2024

The investigation of inhomogeneous surfaces, where various local structures co-exist, is crucial for understanding interfaces of technological interest, yet it presents significant challenges. Here, we study the atomic configurations of the (2 × m) Ti-rich surfaces at (110)-oriented SrTiO3 by bringing together scanning tunneling microscopy and transferable neural-network force fields combined with evolutionary exploration. We leverage an active learning methodology to iteratively extend the training data as needed for different configurations. Training on only small well-known reconstructions we are able to extrapolate to the complicated and diverse overlayers encountered in different regions of the heterogeneous SrTiO3(110)-(2×m) surface. Our machine-learning-backed approach generates several new candidate structures, in good agreement with experiment and verified using density functional theory.
Bent Naphthodithiophenes: Synthesis and Characterisation of Isomeric Fluorophores
Authors: Adusei Emmanuel , Casetti Vincent , Goldsmith Calvin , Caswell Madison , Alinj Drecila , Park Jimin , Zeller Matthias , Rusakov Alexander , Kinney Zacharias
Published: June 2024

Thiophene-containing heteroarenes are one of the most well-known classes of π-conjugated building blocks for photoactive molecules. Isomeric naphthodithiophenes (NDTs) are at the forefront of this research area due to their straightforward synthesis and derivatization. Notably, NDT geometries that are bent – such as naphtho[2,1-b:3,4-b’]dithiophene (α-NDT) and naphtho[1,2-b:4,3-b’]dithiophene (β -NDT) – are seldom employed as photoactive small molecules. This report investigates how remote substituents impact the photophysical properties of isomeric α- and β-NDTs. The orientation of the thiophene units plays a critical role in the emission: in the α(OHex)R2 series conjugation from the end-caps to the NDT core is apparent, while in the β(Oi-Pent)R2 series minimal change is observed unless strong electron acceptors, such as β(Oi-Pent)(PhCF3)2, are employed. This push-pull Acceptor–Donor–Acceptor (A–D–A) fluorophore exhibits positive fluorosolvatochromism that correlates with increasing solvent polarity parameter, ET(30). In total, these results highlight how remote substituents are able to modulate the emission of isomeric bent NDTs.
Alkene Isomerization Catalyzed by a Mn(I) Bisphosphine Borohydride Complex
Authors: Kirchner Karl , Blaha Ines , Dülger Robin , Veiros Luis
Published: June 2024

An additive-free manganese-catalyzed isomerization of terminal alkenes to internal alkenes is described. This reaction is atom economic, implementing an inexpensive, non-precious metal catalyst. The most efficient catalyst is the borohydride complex cis-[Mn(dippe)(CO)2(κ2-BH4)]. This catalyst operates at room temperature with a catalyst loading of 2.5 mol %. A variety of terminal alkenes are effectively and selectively transformed to the respective internal E-alkenes. Preliminary results show chain walking isomerization at elevated temperature. Mechanistic studies were carried out including stochiometric reactions and in situ NMR analysis. These experiments are flanked by computational studies. Based on these, the catalytic process is initiated by liberation of “BH3” as a hydroborated alkene. The catalytic process is initiated by double bond insertion into an M–H species leading to an alkyl metal intermediate, followed by β-hydride elimination at the opposite position to afford the isomerization product.
Mechanisms of Helicobacter pylori Resistance to Antibiotics
Authors:   Department of Biology, College of Science, Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad, Iraq, Yahya Al-Jumaily Asma , Sajid Al-jubori Sawsan
Published: June 2024

Background: Helicobacter pylori is the most frequent human bacterial infection worldwide; it is prevalent in approximately half of the world's population. H.pylori poses a major health risk because it possesses distinct virulence factors and highly resistant to antibiotics. Multidrug resistance (MDR) and single-drug resistance are two distinct resistance profiles. Chromosome mutations influence antibiotic activity via target-mediated pathways. Inadequate drug absorption, efflux pumps activity, biofilm development, and cocci formation represent supplementary biological mechanisms by which H.pylori acquires drug resistance. The overexpression of efflux pumps genes in mutant isolates is readily detectable in post-therapy courses. Objective: Characterization of the biological and molecular mechanisms contributing to the development of antibiotic resistance in H.pylori. Conclusion: An alarming rate of drug-resistant H.pylori is on the rise. Primary and acquired resistance to clarithromycin and metronidazole has increased globally. Bacterial factors including biofilms, efflux pumps, and molecular mechanism are in association with H.pylori resistance. It is important to continue to monitor the resistance profiles of H.pylori isolates. Keywords: Helicobacter pylori, MDR, Efflux pump, Biofilm, antibiotic resistance.
Dyslipidemia in insulin dependent diabetic children
Authors:   College of Medicine, University of Diyala , Diyala , Iraq, Shemkhi Jebr Mehdi , Najm  Abed Baraa , Adnan Hussein Huda
Published: June 2024

Background: Children and adolescents with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) are at high risk of metabolic disorders that may interfere with lipid metabolism and predispose to dyslipidemia. Objective: To detect the incidence of dyslipidemia and associated factors in children with IDDM in Diyala. Patients and Methods: This was a case-control study that included a total of 100 children with type 1 diabetes mellitus(T1DM) and 100 age- and gender-matched non-diabetic children who presented to the Pediatric Department/Al-Batool Teaching Hospital during the period from April 2022 to April 2023. Demographic data included the child's age, gender, weight, mother’s educational level, mother's job, child's educational level, school attendance, and physical activity. Clinical data included systolic and diastolic blood pressure, HbA1c, family history of illness, disease duration, type of insulin, and insulin dose. Fasting lipid profile and hemoglobin A1c investigations were done for the study groups, and the data were statistically analyzed. Results: The overall dyslipidemia in IDDM children and controls was 46% and 8%, respectively, with a highly significant difference. The mean age and weight in diabetic patients with dyslipidemia were 8.23±3.63 years and 28.96±13.31 kg, respectively, which was higher than that of normolipidemic diabetic patients (10.72±3.23 years and 34.22±12.14 kg, respectively) with significant differences. Furthermore, 28.26% of mothers of dyslipidemia-.diabetic patients were employed, compared with only 11.11% of normolipidemic-diabetic patients, a significant difference. A family history of DM was reported in 47.83% and 27.78% of dyslipidemic and normolipidemic diabetic patients, respectively, with a significant difference. Conclusion: The incidence of dyslipidemia among diabetic children in Diyala is 46%. Older age, increased body weight, and a mother’s job as an employer are significantly associated with the development of dyslipidemia in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus patients. Keywords: Dyslipidemia, Diabetes mellitus, Children, Diyala.
Study of Charyn river naked osman (Diptychus dybowskii) nutrition and ichthyopathological analysis
Authors: E.S. Seitkozhanova  , S.M. Shalgimbaуeva  , S.S. Barinova  , Dh. Makhmetova  , Jumakhanova G.B , A.E. Nurgaliev  , Z.S. Omarova  , D.A. Yussayeva  , G.T. Zhanysbay
Published: June 2024

The paper discusses the study of nutrition and ichthyopathological analysis of naked osman from the Charyn River, which is located on the territory of the Charyn State National Natural Park in the Almaty region. The naked osman belongs to the carp family. The fish does not have any scales on other part of the body exept the lateral line. The naked osman currently dwells in Kazakhstan, China, Kyrgyzstan, Uzbekistan, India, Nepal and other Asian countries. The purpose of the work is to determine the Charyn River’s food base and water condition by studying the food spectrum, fish pathology. To carry out the given study the fish were caught in the autumn in 2021. Only 15 samples of the caught fish were taken for the analysis. According to the ichthyological analysis results, the absolute length of 15 samples of the fish ranged from 8.3 cm to 12.7 cm, and their mass was from 4.81 g to 17.60 g. The standard quantitative - weight method was used for ichthyotrophological research. The special histological method was employed for ichthyopathological study. According to the ichthyotrophological study, the fullness index was about 10.75%00, and insect larvae were an essential food. Histological studies did not reveal an obvious pathology. As a result, the nutrient reserves in the reservoir were found to be at a good level and the external environment was found not to produce a negative effect on the fish.
Antimicrobial, antifungal, antioxidant activity and phytochemical investigation of fatty acids by GS/MS of raspberry (Rubus idaeus L.) shoot lipophilic extract
Authors: Maslov O.Yu. , Komisarenko M.A. , Ponomarenko S.V. , Kolisnyk S.V. , Osolodchenko T.P. , Golik M.Yu. , Polishchuk S.I.
Published: June 2024

The aim of the study was to determine the content of fatty acids using GC-MS in the obtained extract, conduct a study of the antimicrobial, antifungal and antioxidant activities of Rubus idaeus shoot lipophilic extract. The quantification of fatty acids was accomplished through GC-MS, antioxidant activity was assessed by potentiometric method, antimicrobial and antifungal activity was determined by well method. The 18 compounds were identified by the GS-MS. The levulenic acid (64.47±0.08 mg/100 g), linoleic acid (8.50±0.08 mg/100 g) and linolenic acid (6.80±0.04 mg/100 g) dominated in the obtained lipophilic R. idaeus shoot extract. Bacillus subtilis (17.00±0.50 mm) was the most sensitive to lipophilic extract whereas P. vulgaris was the most resistant to the lipophilic extract. Moreover, Candida albicans was medium sensitive to lipophilic extract (13.50±0.50 mm). The antioxidant activity was 1.00 mmol equiv./mdry res, according to Maslov`s antioxidant level classification it has low level. The extract exhibited antimicrobial activity against all tested strains, with the most significant impact observed against B. subtilis. However, the obtained lipophilic extract showed a relatively low level of antioxidant activity. Consequently, the derivatives of fatty acids play a substantial role in the antimicrobial and antifungal effects, whereas their contribution to antioxidant activity appears to be limited.
Biotransformation of anabolic drug Dianabol with Rizhopus oryzae
Authors: M. Siddiqui  , Atia-tul-Wahab  , Kudaibergenova B.M. , Zh.A. Abilov  , M.I. Choudhary
Published: June 2024

Microbial biotransformation technique is an excellent approach for the synthesis of stereo-, enantio-, chemo-, and regio-selective/specific analogues of existing steroidal and non-steroidal drugs by using bacteria, fungi, algae, actinomycetes, yeast, and plants and animals cell cultures. This technique is effectively used to synthesize compounds whose structures resemble to the substrates (parent drugs) without using protecting/deprotecting steps.  In the current study, an anabolic-androgenic steroid (AAS) based drug, methandienone (dianabol) (1) was incubated with the filamentous fungi Rhizopus oryzae ATCC 11145 for twelve days under ambient reaction conditions (at room temperature and neutral pH) by using aqueous media.  Therefore, the present study has successfully helped to produce the structural analogues of inert steroidal anabolic drug dianabol (1) without using expensive and toxic chemicals. This yielded five known structural analogues of dianabol (1), i.e., 17β,11β-dihydroxy,17α-methyl-androsta-1,4-diene-3-one (2), 17β-hydroxy,17α-methyl-androsta-1,4-diene-3,11-dione (3), 17β,6β-dihydroxy,17α-methyl-androsta-1,4-diene-3-one (4), 17β,6β-dihydroxy,17α-methyl-androsta-4-ene-3-one (5), and 17β-hydroxy,17α-methyl-androsta-4,6-diene-3-one (6). Structures of transformed products 2-6 were determined through 1H-NMR, and FAB-MS spectroscopic techniques.
Determination of impurities in fertilizers purchased in Almaty (Kazakhstan)
Authors: Nursapina N. , Matveyeva I.V. , Nazarkulova Sh.N. , Jacimovic R.
Published: June 2024

Two solid (Double superphosphate and Phosphoric) and two liquid (Peat and Microfertilizer) fertilizers from Russia and Kazakhstan were evaluated with regard to macronutrients content (K, Ca), transition elements (Cr, Fe, Co, Zn, Hg), alkaline earth (Sr), semi-metals (As), rare earth elements (Ce, Eu, La, Nd, Sc, Sm, Tb, Yb) and Th and U. For analysis, the k0-INAA was used. For QA/QC purposes for k0-INAA the certified reference material BCR-320R channel sediment was used and irradiated together with the samples. The highest content of REEs was obtained in Double superphosphate, while in liquid fertilizers REEs were mostly below the limit of detection of the method used. Most elements in liquid organic fertilizers (Peat and Microfertilizer) were determined in insignificant level, except iron, which belongs to the essential micronutrients. The content of iron was at least 57 times higher in case of Peat fertilizer in comparison to Microfertilizer. Content of iron was higher in case of Phosphoric fertilizer than in Double superphosphate (about five times).
Targeting beta-amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles: a proteomic approach towards Alzheimer’s disease therapy
Authors: Kashif S. , Feroze S. , Sethi A.A.
Published: June 2024

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) stands as the most prevalent form of dementia affecting elderly individuals and ranks as the sixth leading cause of death globally. The pathological hallmarks of AD involve the formation of beta-amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles in the brains of affected individuals, contributing to progressive brain degradation. This study aimed to utilize molecular modeling methods as a theoretical approach to explore the inhibition of beta-amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles. Beta-amyloid and tau receptors were employed to carry out molecular docking with the ligands, including curcumin, memantine, nicotine, and caffeine. The selected compounds demonstrated minimum binding affinity and interactions with the active sites of the receptors while docking studies were performed. Notably, molecular interactions of the receptor complexes with curcumin compounds exhibited prominence in number. Curcumin, known for its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and lipophilic properties, has shown promise in enhancing cognitive function in AD patients. The findings of this study highlight the potential for further research aimed at developing improved drugs based on curcumin for the treatment of AD.
Optimization of cryopreservation methods for somatic cells of the Tobet dog breed
Authors: Toishibekov Y. , Toishybek D.Y. , Nurkenov T.T. , Katubayeva B.S. , Salmenova M.Y. , Perfilyeva A.V.
Published: June 2024

The Tobet dog breed, a national heritage of Kazakhstan, is threatened with extinction and conservation measures are urgently needed. This study presents a pioneering approach to preserve the genetic diversity and survival of this endangered breed through cryopreservation and cryobanking. We have optimised methods for cryopreservation of somatic cells (fibroblasts) isolated from skin explants of Tobet dogs and investigated the effects of in vitro cultivation on cell viability. Our results emphasise the importance of selecting appropriate culture media and cryoprotectants. Dulbecco's Modified Eagle Medium (DMEM) and ethylene glycol (EG) were found to be the most effective agents for increasing the growth rate and viability of fibroblasts after thawing. Through careful experimentation, including the evaluation of equilibrium and non-equilibrium cryopreservation techniques and the application of various cryoprotectants, we have established the first Tobet cryobank for somatic cells. The establishment of a cryobank represents a significant step towards the conservation of the Tobet dog breed and provides a model for the conservation of other endangered species. This study not only contributes to the preservation of Kazakhstan's cultural and biological heritage, but also opens up new avenues for the application of biotechnological approaches to wildlife conservation.
Effect of the complex extract from Rumex plants on quantitative parameters of blood cells and bone marrow in vivo
Authors: Shokan A.K. , Yergozova D.M. , T.N. Kobylina  , N.O. Kudrina  , Yu.A. Litvinenko  , G.A. Seitimova  , T.E. Kulmanov  , N.V. Terletskaya  , I.M. Zharkova
Published: June 2024

Assessment of the composition of peripheral blood cells and red bone marrow in preclinical studies is a key component of program for analysis of biologically active compounds obtained from the plant materials. Current study concerns effect of the complex extract from Rumex plants (R. confertus, R. tianschanicus, R. thyrsiflorus) on parameters of blood cells and bone marrow of laboratory animals. During the study, data were obtained on the effect of the extract on hematopoiesis when administered at 100 mg/kg of animal weight. The results obtained show that application of the extract is accompanied by a statistically significant increase in the number of neutrophil precursors, such as myeloblasts and band neutrophils (p≤0.05). According to our results the extract we obtained from Rumex plants does not cause inhibition of early bone marrow precursors and is safe and non-toxic.
The potential ameliorative effects of Moringa oleifera in emamectin benzoate induced toxicity in freshwater Labeo rohita fish
Authors: Jamil I. , Shabbir A. , A. Hasnain  , A. Iqra  , S. Muqadas  , A. Sajid  , K. Sheraz  , Sh. Khurram
Published: June 2024

Emamectin benzoate pesticide (EMB) is life-threatening chemical causing harmful effects on aquatic organisms specially fish species. Current study was aimed to understand the ameliorative role of Moringa oleifera against the toxic effects of emamectin benzoate on hematological, biochemical and changes in the soft tissues of Labeo rohita. Four groups were made. First group without chemicals is the control group, while 2nd, 3rd and 4th groups were exposed to 3.64µg/L, 7.28µg/L and 14.56µg/L EMB respectively for 30 days. Results revealed that the number of RBCs, HGB, HCT, MCV, MCH, MCHC, and WBCs were decreased while lymphocytes, monocytes, eosinophils and platelets were increased significantly. Biochemical parameters of fish including serum cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL, VLDL, albumin, globulin, blood glucose, ALT, AST, TSH, urea, creatinine, and blood urea nitrogen were significantly increased while HDL, total protein, T3 and T4 were decreased. Histological changes revealed that EMB causes degenerative effects in soft tissues of exposed fish. After using Moringa oleifera, all the effects were reversed and the fish was moved towards recovery. The overall results of the study showed that emamectin benzoate can alter the histological, hematological, and biochemical processes of Labeo rohita, thus toxic to aquatic organisms.