bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Concepção de leitura e de leitor de monitores do programa de apoio ao discente iniciante na universidade
Authors: Batista-Santos Dalve Oliveira
Published: December 2019

Este artigo tem o objetivo de investigar a concepção de leitura e de leitor trazida pelos monitores do Programa de Apoio ao Discente Iniciante (Padi). Este programa foi criado pela Pró-reitora de Graduação (Prograd) da Universidade Federal do Tocantins com o objetivo de auxiliar os estudantes ingressantes, que estejam matriculados nos primeiro e/ou segundo período(s), e aqueles reprovados nas disciplinas básicas curriculares. A presente pesquisa está alinhada com a Linguística Aplicada contemporânea, na concepção proposta por Moita Lopes (2009), para quem a LA deve ser compreendida de maneira indisciplinar. A fundamentação teórica relaciona-se à epistemologia da leitura, da linguagem e da comunicação numa perspectiva dialógica. Assim, para contemplar o objetivo proposto, utilizou-se o instrumento metodológico entrevista. Os sujeitos da pesquisa foram quatro monitoras do Padi, estudantes do curso de Letras da Universidade Federal do Tocantins. Os dados revelaram que o processo de leitura não é transmitir os saberes sistematizados e sociais, mas oportunizar um agir linguageiro significativo que necessita de conscientização e de apropriação.
“A cruz de Cristo” nas fábricas e nas escolas: Amélia de Rezende Martins e a Ação Social Brasileira (ASB)
Authors: Haydn Amanda , Gonçalves Mauro Castilho
Published: December 2019

O presente artigo examina aspectos relacionados à trajetória política e intelectual de Amélia de Rezende Martins (1877-1948), nos âmbitos da educação e da cultura, privilegiadamente entre os anos de 1918 a 1932. A justificativa da periodização proposta ateve-se ao fato de que foi nessa fase que Martins publicou suas ideias, veiculou seus projetos e atuou em organismos ligados à educação escolar e à cultura em geral. Destacam-se, nesses âmbitos, a imprensa periódica carioca, a Associação Brasileira de Educação (ABE) e a Ação Social Brasileira (ASB). Na pesquisa foram utilizadas fontes disponíveis nos Arquivos da Fundação Casa de Rui Barbosa (FCRB), da Associação Brasileira de Educação (ABE) e do Centro de Memória da Universidade de Campinas (Unicamp). Na imprensa, foi objeto de análise a atuação de Martins nos jornais A União, O Paiz, A Cruz, Correio da Manhã, Jornal do Brasil, O Jornal e A Noite e Diário de Notícias. A análise indicou que Martins foi uma intelectual preocupada com a construção de um projeto cultural para o Brasil. Tal projeto, denominado Ação Social Brasileira (ASB), constituiu-se em essência em um anteprojeto para a fundação de uma instituição educacional e de assistência social – o Edifício Anchieta – uma forte aposta de Martins na educação como força capaz de resolver os problemas do país através da integração da classe trabalhadora em um programa de adestramento profissional, de educação moral, religiosa, cívica e higiene coletiva.
Leis deuteronômicas favoráveis à preservação de fauna e flora
Authors: Grenzer Matthias , Gross Fernando
Published: December 2019

Embora o interesse pela natureza tenha existido nas mais diversas épocas, observa-se, a partir dos anos 1970, um ambientalismo que origina organizações não governamentais, movimentos ecológicos e partidos verdes, insistentes numa consciência favorável à proteção do planeta Terra. Em oposição a crescimentos econômicos que resultam na devastação da natureza, favorece-se um uso sustentável dos recursos naturais, incluindo-se a exigência de preservação da fauna e da flora. No estudo aqui apresentado, procura-se pela temática da ecologia na literatura bíblica. Exemplarmente, são relidas as formulações jurídicas no Decálogo (Dt 5,6-21) e no Código Deuteronômico (Dt 12–26), a fim de descrever, por meio de um estudo exegético, o conteúdo das leis deuteronômicas que, a partir do fim do século VII a.C., insistem na preservação da fauna e da flora.
Uma igreja sinodal e “em saída” na Amazônia: Os maiores desafios apontados por bispos do Brasil
Authors: Andrade Joachim , Raschietti Estêvão
Published: December 2019

Dentre os inúmeros desafios que emergiram no processo de preparação do Sínodo da Amazônia, bispos sinodais do Brasil selecionaram sete mais urgentes. Eles são fruto da escuta de dos povos originários, ribeirinhos e quilombolas, nas florestas ou nas cidades, apontando para novos caminhos para a Igreja e para uma ecologia integral. Para o aprofundamento da reflexão dos bispos sinodais a respeito, cada desafio ganhou um tratamento teológico-pastoral, na perspectiva das diretrizes do documento de preparação do evento. A preocupação dos bispos é com a vida dos povos na região e com a missão da Igreja naquele contexto. Além do cuidado e defesa da ecologia, há a afirmação da necessidade de uma Igreja com rosto amazônico, que passa pela inculturação da fé, o acesso das comunidades eclesiais aos sacramentos e a efetiva participação das mulheres, assim como pela formação dos agentes de pastoral e o aprimoramento das comunicações na região.
Effective Waterproofing of Railway Culvert Pipes
Authors: Trykoz Liudmyla , Kamchatnaya Svetlana , Pustovoitova Oksana , Atynian Armen , Saiapin Oleksandr
Published: December 2019

The composition material for waterproofing of the railway infrastructure objects, in particular, culvert pipes is suggested in the article. The waterproof composition contains an acrylic polymer and a filler. The comparison of the composition properties with two kinds of the fillers (silica sand and Portland cement) is carried out. The following properties are defined – water absorption, corrosion stability, stability in an aggressive environment, frost resistance to evaluating the suitability of the proposed composition for waterproofing. These properties are determined for three batches: an acrylic polymer without a filler, an acrylic polymer with silica sand, and an acrylic polymer with Portland cement. The test results show that the composition with silica sand possesses the best waterproofing properties. Wherein the quantity of silica sand is 1.5 mass parts to the quantity of polymer. Compared to the non-filled acrylic polymer the offered composition is characterised less water absorption, more significant corrosion stability and stability in an aggressive environment, better frost resistance. The mix with Portland cement shows a bit worse results at a higher cost of the material in whole.
Experimental Method of Fatigue Performance of Mastic Asphalt for Bridge Deck Pavement
Authors: Zou Guilian , Zhang Xiaoning , Wu Chung
Published: December 2019

Mastic asphalt is a type of pavement material that has good fluidity and is self-levelling at construction temperature for the bridge deck. There are highly accurate methods and indexes for evaluating fluidity and high-temperature deformation resistance for mastic asphalt-design and construction-control systems. The fatigue cracking is one of the main failure forms of bridge deck pavement. Therefore, the method used to evaluate the fatigue properties of pavement materials is also essential. The anti-deformation capability of the mastic asphalt must be increased, that results in poor fatigue performance and consequent failure of the bridge deck pavement to avoid the rutting of bridge deck pavement. In this study, a simple method is put forward for evaluating mastic asphalt fatigue performance.  Impact toughness is defined as the area under the load-displacement curve of a three-point bending beam specimen under impact load to evaluate the fatigue performance of mastic asphalt. The four-point bending beam fatigue test is used to verify the rationality of the impact toughness test method. The results showed that there is a good correlation between the impacts toughness index of mastic asphalt produced under different mixing conditions and the accumulative dissipative energy and fatigue life demonstrated by the four-point bending beam test. Therefore, to evaluate the fatigue performance of mastic asphalt by impact toughness test. Fatigue performance and rut resistance are two ways to evaluate road performance of asphalt mixtures, but they are mutually restrictive. The results show that impact toughness and dynamic stability are inversely correlated. As the impact toughness increases, dynamic stability decreases. Therefore, balancing the fatigue performance and high-temperature rutting resistance of mastic asphalt in the design and quality control is very important.
The Ormdl genes regulate the sphingolipid synthesis pathway to ensure proper myelination and neurologic function in mice
Authors: Clarke Benjamin A , Majumder Saurav , Zhu Hongling , Lee Y Terry , Kono Mari , Li Cuiling , Khanna Caroline , Blain Hailey , Schwartz Ronit , Huso Vienna L , Byrnes Colleen , Tuymetova Galina , Dunn Teresa M , Allende Maria L , Proia Richard L
Published: December 2019

Sphingolipids are membrane and bioactive lipids that are required for many aspects of normal mammalian development and physiology. However, the importance of the regulatory mechanisms that control sphingolipid levels in these processes is not well understood. The mammalian ORMDL proteins (ORMDL1, 2 and 3) mediate feedback inhibition of the de novo synthesis pathway of sphingolipids by inhibiting serine palmitoyl transferase in response to elevated ceramide levels. To understand the function of ORMDL proteins in vivo, we studied mouse knockouts (KOs) of the Ormdl genes. We found that Ormdl1 and Ormdl3 function redundantly to suppress the levels of bioactive sphingolipid metabolites during myelination of the sciatic nerve. Without proper ORMDL-mediated regulation of sphingolipid synthesis, severe dysmyelination results. Our data indicate that the Ormdls function to restrain sphingolipid metabolism in order to limit levels of dangerous metabolic intermediates that can interfere with essential physiological processes such as myelination.
An IC-level countermeasure against laser fault injection attack by information leakage sensing based on laser-induced opto-electric bulk current density
Authors: Matsuda Kohei , Tada Sho , Nagata Makoto , Komano Yuichi , Li Yang , Sugawara Takeshi , Iwamoto Mitsugu , Ohta Kazuo , Sakiyama Kazuo , Miura Noriyuki
Published: December 2019

Laser fault injection (LFI) attacks on cryptographic processor ICs are a critical threat to information systems. This paper proposes an IC-level integrated countermeasure employing an information leakage sensor against an LFI attack. Distributed bulk current sensors monitor abnormal bulk current density caused by laser irradiation for LFI. Time-interleaved sensor operation and sensitivity tuning can obtain partial secret key leakage bit information with small layout area penalty. Based on the leakage information, the secret key can be securely updated to realize high-availability resilient systems. The test chip was designed and fabricated in a 0.18 μm standard CMOS, integrating a 128-bit advanced encryption standard cryptographic processor with the proposed information leakage sensor. This evaluation successfully demonstrated bulk current density and leakage bit monitoring.
Comparative Toxicity Effect of Some Plant Extracts against Larvae of Anopheline (Diptera: Culicidae) in the North Eastern Nigeria
Authors: Naphtali R. S. , Ngwamah J. S. , Shitta K. B. , Atimi A. , Kadala E.
Published: December 2019

Owing to the adverse effect of synthetic pesticides, there has been increasing need to search for natural and environment friendly pesticides of plant origin as agents for control of vector of mosquito-borne diseases. This study was aimed to investigate the larvicidal activities of North eastern botanicals against vector of mosquitoes-borne diseases. Five mosquito repellent plants used by the indigenous people of north eastern, Nigeria were analysed for their effectiveness against Anopheline mosquitoes. The methanol and petroleum ether were analysed for their phytochemical properties. The methanol and petroleum ether extracts were investigated for phytochemical compounds with larvicidal activities against anopheline 3rd instar larvae through using deferent extracts of methanol and petroleum ether of different concentration that ranged from 50-200 ppm.  The larvicidal were observed after every six hours for total period of 36 hours. The extracts of Hyptis suaveolens and Azadirachta indica of both methanol and petroleum ether extracts showed high toxicity effects against anopheline. The test plants contained phenol, alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, azadrachtin, glycosides saponins, terpenoids and steroids.

In conclusion, the present plant extracts have potentials for development of new and safe control products for mosquitoes. As natural occurring insecticides, these plants derived materials that could be useful as an alternative for synthetic insecticides.
Histometry and Growth Performance of African Catfish, Clarias gariepinus, (Burchell, 1822) Fed Probiotics Supplemented Diets
Authors: Oluyemi K. Gbadamosi
Published: December 2019

The histometry, organosomatic parameters and growth performance of African catfish, Clarias gariepinus fed with commercial probiotics, Lactobacillus pentosus supplemented diet was assessed in the present study. Six experimental diets were formulated, at different inclusion levels of Lactobacillus pentosus of 0, 102,104, 106, 108and 1010 cfu in T1, T2, T3, T4, T5 and T6 respectively. C. gariepinus were stocked into concrete tanks of 1.93 m by 1.93 m by 1.09 m. Each experimental diet was fed to three replicate groups of fish for 42 days. At the end of the feeding, histometrical parameters like mucosal fold length, mucosal fold breadth, mucosal fold area improved with increasing supplementation levels of L. pentosus. There was also significantly better P > 0.05 organosomatic parameters in all treatments with increasing level of supplementation. The best growth performance in term of specific growth rate (SGR) and feed conversion ratio (FCR) was observed in Treatment 3 as 10.49±0.23 and 1.56±0.22 respectively. The enhanced growth performance and histometry in fish fed diets with L. pentosus supplementation resulted in the best biological performance in African catfish at 1.0 g per 100 g of feed representing 104 cfu supplementation level. Therefore the present study shows that L. pentosus can be recommended as an important probiotic in aquaculture.
Species Composition and Diurnal Activity Rhythm of Tabanids (Diptera: Tabanidae) at the Ivindo National Park and Its Environs
Authors: Joseph-Marie Affiri Odzame , Lendzele Sevidzem Silas , Roland Zinga Koumba Christophe , Franck Mounioko , Aubin Koumba Armel , Mintsa Rodrigue , Lydie Acapovi-Yao Genevieve , Bertrand M’batchi , Mavoungou Jacques François
Published: December 2019

An entomological prospection to show the species composition and diurnal activity of tabanids was carried out using 15 Vavoua traps, during the rainy season (25th Sept-5th Oct and 21st Oct-9th Nov 2018), in the secondary forest [Ivindo National Park (INP)] and Village-Town sites in and around the biosphere reserve Ipassa-IRET Makokou in Gabon. In total, 839 tabanids were caught with 747 recorded at INP and regrouped under 11 species of the genus Tabanus [T. taeniola (57.76%),               T. ricardae (26.32%), T. par (5.54%), T. ruficrus (3.74%), T. socius (3.74%), T. disjunctus (2.49%), T. marmorosus (0.28%) and T. obscurehirtus (0.14%)]. However, two species of the genus Chrysops [C. dimidiatus (70.83%) and C. silaceus (29.17%)] and one species of the genus Haematopota [H. pluvialis (100%)] were only identified at INP. While in the Village-Town sites, 92 tabanids were caught and regrouped under five species of the genus Tabanus [T. ruficrus (14.13%), T. taeniola (9.78%), T. ricardae (73.91%), T. par (1.09%), and T. marmorosus (1.09%)]. Tabanids were more abundant in the forest (7.12 tabanid/trap/day) as compared to the Village-Town (0.77 t/t/d) with a statistically significant difference (P<0.05). At INP, tabanids showed a unimodal activity pattern with peak attained between 12-14H and in the anthropized milieu (14-16H) and dominated by females.
Survey of Fresh Water Snails in Vandeikya Local Government Area, Benue State Nigeria
Authors: Atsuwe T. S. , Chikwendu J. I. , Obisike V. U.
Published: December 2019

A survey was carried out in Vandeikya Local Government Area of Benue State, Nigeria from April-July 2017 to determine availability of freshwater snails of and their preferred habitats. A total of 289 fresh water snails of four different genera were collected across 27 streams in the 7 districts in Vandeikya LGA. Water pH, water temperature and water velocity were also measured. Lenistislibycuswas found to be the most abundant freshwater snail species accounting for 40.83% of the total freshwater snails. Melanoidestuberculata was the second most abundant accounting for 29.411% of the total snails population sampled, Biomphalaria pfeifferi accounted for 17.99% while Bulinus globosus was significantly lower in abundance than the other snails, accounting for only 11.77%. By location, Mbaduku district had highest abundance of snails 84 (29.1%). The effect of the nature of the substratum on the availability of freshwater snails revealed that habitats with rocky substratum favoured the presence of snails accounting for 181(62.7%) freshwater snail collected.Our understanding of factors affecting the availability and abundance of freshwater snails in nature can prove useful in snail control which is integral for the control of the diseases for which they serve as intermediate host.
Survey of Insect Vectors in Some Selected Dumpsites in Gombe Metropolis, Nigeria, Western Africa
Authors: Abba E. , Amina M. , Lamogo Y. , Rejoice A. , Jemimah A. , Yoriyo K. P.
Published: December 2019

Aim: This study was conducted to determine the insect vectors living in refuse dumps at Gombe Metropolis in Gombe State of Nigeria.

Study Design: The metropolis were divided into four longitudinal zones, and in each zone three dumpsites were randomly selected. Visual observations were used to estimate the composition of the refuse dumps.

Place and Duration of Study: The study was conducted in Gombe metropolis of Gombe state between the months of May and August, 2018. 

Methodology: Sweep nets, sticky traps, water traps and handpicking were used to collect different vector species. Specimen collected were preserved and transported to the laboratory for identification. Standard Identification keys were used for the identification of the vectors.  

Results: The compositions of the refuse dumps varied from vegetable matter and animal remains to assorted materials including used tyres, electronic parts, cartons, faecal matter, broken bottles, polythene bags. A total of 464 insect vectors belonging to 9 species were collected. Musca domestica 282(60.8%) was the dominant species, followed by Anopheles spp 55(11.9%) and Aedes species 44(9.4%). Periplaneta americana accounts 37(8.0%) of the collections.

Conclusion: The thriving population of these vector species and the abundance of putrefying refuse dumps are risk factors of the endemic diseases transmitted by such vectors in the city. The present work therefore recommends the proper disposal of refuses to avert an epidemic status.
Biochemical and Histological Study on the Effects of Curcumin and/or Yellow Bean on Rats Drinking Ethanol Alcohol
Authors: El-Bakry Kadry A. , Basuni Mohamed Abd El-Hakim
Published: December 2019

The therapeutic effects of curcumin and/or dimethyl dimethoxy biphenyl dicarboxylate on rats drinking alcohol were evaluated in the present study. Albino Wister rats drinking 20% ethanol in drinking water were treated with curcumin (100 mg/kg body weight) and /or DDB (50 mg/ kg body weight) mixed in diet for 8 weeks. ALT and AST enzymes were significantly reduced in rat drinking alcohol and treated with DDB or Diferuloylmethane compared with rats drinking alcohol (p<0.05). On the other hand, in case of mixed treatment with curcumin and DDB, AST enzyme was elevated significantly compared with rat drinking alcohol(P<0.05). GGT enzyme was reduced after treatment of alcohol drinking rats with curcumin or DDB in comparing with alcohol drinking rats. MDA concentration in liver homogenate significantly reduced in rats drinking alcohol and treated with DDB compared with rats drinking alcohol (p<0.05). However, serum MDA showed a significant reduction in rats drinking alcohol and treated with curcumin compared with rats drinking alcohol (P<0.05). Histopathological studies revealed liver tissue damage after alcohol administration, however an improvement in liver tissue after treatment with curcumin and DDB. In conclusion, curcumin and DDB can influence and improve the impaired antioxidant defense mechanisms resulted from ethanol and combined treatment with curcumin and DDB has no effects.
Comparative Efficacy of Varied Concentrations Imidacloprid in the Laboratory Management of Termites (Microtermes natalensis)
Authors: Godfrey Rotich , Millicent Ndong’a , M. Wanjala Fredrick
Published: December 2019

Imidacloprid is a termiticide that is slow-acting timber and soil applied but can be transferred in termite workers. The objective of this study was to determine efficacy of imidacloprid to control of termites on sand. Termiticides were tested at Imidacloprid 200 g/L concentrations (2 mL/L, 4 mL/L, 6 mL/L and 8 m/L) were tested. Descriptive analysis presented the mean weight loss for wood blocks under treated sand as follows E. grandis 0.003 (Std: 0.02) and G. robusta 0.013 (Std: 0.04) whereby only woodblocks under treated sand with 2 mL/L were attacked, while the mean weight loss for untreated woods under untreated sand were as follows E. grandis was  0.1 (std: 0.06) and G. robusta was 0.216 (std: 0.147). However, termites attacked all untreated wood blocks regardless of wood species. It was concluded that Imidacloprid at concentration of 4 mL/L serves as the best concentration threshold required in the control of  termites on sand in the management of termites. It was recommended that soil is effective mode of applying imidacloprid termiticide integratedly given that the right concentration levels are utilized.
Comparing the Nutritional Composition of Some Edible Insects and Some Animal Meats in North-western State of Nigeria
Authors: Shindi H. A. , Majeed Q. , Bandiya H. M. , Yahaya M. M. , Aiki I.
Published: December 2019

Five different edible insects from Kaduna, Kebbi, Niger, Sokoto and Zamfara States of North-Western Nigeria, namely; Red Locust (Nomadacris setemfasciata), Desert Locust (Schistocerca gregaria), Variegated Grasshopper (Zonocerus wariegatus), Termite (Macrotermes bellicosus) and Brown Cricket (Gryllotapha Africana), were collected alongside with meats from camel (Camellus dromedaries), Cow (Bos indicus), Ram (Ovis aries), Chicken (Gallus gallus), and Fish (Clariaslazera). The insects were oven dried separately at 60ºC for 3-5hrs while the meats were dried at 60ºC for 48hrs. The dried contents of both the insects and the meats were ground separately and each was subjected to proximate analysis. The results indicated the nutrient to have Carbohydrates ranging between 0.7 g - 12.1 g in the insects and 0.4 g-10.2 g in the meats, Proteins ranging from 12.6 g - 57.3 g in the insects and 18.1 g – 70.4 g in the meats, Fats, Fibre, Ash and Moisture having ranges between 5 g - 17.9 g, 5 g - 20 g, 4g -10 g, 11.5 g - 53.6 g, respectively in insects and 18.4 g - 70.4 g Fats, 5 g Fibre, 2.4 g - 10.4 g Ash and 13.4 g – 59 g moisture in the meats. Equally, the minerals showed varied in both the insects and the meats. Statistical comparison of the means of the results showed that the Carbohydrates, the Protein and the Fibre do not differ (P˂0.0) significantly in both the insects and the meats. Similarly Copper, Iron, Sodium, Calcium, Magnesium and Potassium do not differ significantly in the two groups. This suggested that insects as diet when taken in required amount can meet the protein requirement of the human body and can therefore supplement animal meats in our diets.
Biochemical, Histopathological and Mutagenic Changes Following the Co-administration of Antihelminthic and Antimalarial Drugs in Wistar Rats
Authors: Obiajunwa A. A. , Idowu E. T. , Otubanjo O. A.
Published: December 2019

Aim: To determine the effects of antimalaria and antheminthic drugs combination in the incidence of histopathological alteration and biochemical modulations in liver and kidney of albino rats.

Place and Duration of Study: The study was undertaken at the Zoology Department University of Lagos Akoka Lagos Nigeria.

Methodology: A total of twenty (25) Male adult albino rats of 13-15 weeks old were divided into 5 groups of 5 rats each and daily oral administration of human therapeutic doses of praziquantel (PZQ 50 mg/kg body weight) separate and in combination with ivermectin (IVM 0.4 mg/kg body weight), albendazole (ALB 15 mg/kg body weight) and Artemether-lumefanthrine (ACT 140 mg/kg body weight) was administered with the  group which serve as the control receiving 1ml distilled water. Toxic effects due to these treatments were investigated using histopathological, biochemical and mutagenic indices at day 8th and 15th of the study.

Results: Biochemical assessment revealed significant reduction in AST, ALT, ALP and potassium in the treatment group compared to the control. Increase in the level calcium, Albumin and bicarbonate were also observed in treatment groups. Histopathological assessment of the liver showed a general incidence of focal inflammation along the portal tract area, but did not show any differential severity across treatment groups except for single PZQ treatment group which were characterized by fatty infiltration. A general occurrence of mesangial damage and glomerula injury was observed in kidney tissues. Renal lesions were more severe in single PZQ + IVM treatment groups while mild lesions characterized renal tissue from PZQ+ACT treatment groups. Mutagenic effects as indicated by the high incidence of sperm head abnormalities was recorded across combination treatments especially in PZQ+ IVR and PZQ+ ACT groups.

Conclusion: Findings suggest that combination therapies are synergistic and could result in nephrotoxicity, antidiuretic effects, dehydration and mutagenicity at human therapeutic doses.
A Survey of Urinary Schistosomiasis among Secondary School Students in Jalingo Town, Jalingo Local Government Area, Taraba State
Authors: Hosea Zakki Yula , Kator Liamngee , Geraji Jacob John
Published: December 2019

This study was carried out to determine the prevalence of urinary Schistosomiasis among secondary school students in Jalingo town, Jalingo local government area, Nigeria. Ordinary centrifugal sedimentation technique was used and the deposits were examined microscopically. Data collected were analyzed using chi square. Out of the 200 samples examined, 37 (18.5%) had infection, with no significant difference (p>0.05) in infection rates between males (21.1%) and females (15.1%). Among the two schools sampled School A had the highest prevalence (22.0%) followed by School B (15.0%) with no significant difference (p>0.05). Children aged 9-12 years (60.0%) were more infected than those aged 19-21 (13.0%) (p<0.05).There was a close relationship between haematuria and positive urine samples as 72.7% of the students tested positive excreted blood in their urine (p<0.05). Major risk factors were poor hygiene, ignorance and poverty. The results of this study show that secondary school students harbor infection and are a source of transmission of Schistosomiasis in the study area. Planning and provision of drugs for treatment should be considered in disease prevention and control programmes. Community participatory health education should be encouraged as the first step in reducing infection and transmission of the disease.
Study on the Prevalence of Ectoparasitic Arthropods on Free Range Gallus domesticus in Two Communities in Awka
Authors: Nwadike C. C. , Ilozumba P. C. O. , Gaius C. J.
Published: December 2019

A survey was carried out to determine the prevalence of ectoparasitic arthropods in free range domestic fowl (Gallus domesticus) in Amansea and Ifite communities, in Awka Capital Territory, Anambra state. A total of 112 G. domesticus comprising of 42 Adult males, 30 adult females and 40 juveniles were examined during a house to house survey for ectoparasitic arthropods. The study was carried out between June and September, 2014. The domestic fowl were caught in their roosting places at night and were examined for ectoparasitic arthropod infestation. 73.21% prevalence of ectoparasitic arthropods on the chicken was recorded. Male adult chicken had higher prevalence of ectoparasitic arthropods than adult females and juvenile chicken. Six species of ectoparasitic arthropods namely; Argas persicus (29.46%), Menopon gallinae (23.21%), Dermanysus gallinae (16.07%), Lipeurus caponis (12.5%), Echidnophaga gallinacea (10.71%) Goniocotes gallinae (5.36%) were recovered from infested chicken. Argas persicus with the prevalence (29.46%) was the most prevalent parasite species. Amansea community had a higher prevalence of ectoparasitic arthropods than Ifite community. The difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). In conclusion, the present study has provided information on the various ectoparasitic arthropods of domestic chicken in Amansea and Ifite communities. There was no significant difference in the prevalence of ectoparasitic arthropods between the two communities. Therefore, further study is needed to determine the impact of infestation on the health and productivity of these birds, and evaluation of cost benefit of various control strategies need to be investigated.
Development of Lettuce Plant in Spring and Autumn Period, Effects of Led Lightening on the Quantity of Mineral Substrates and Leaf Nitrate
Authors: Ataklı Seda Bice , Şahin Sezer
Published: December 2019

Aims: This study was performed during early spring and winter period of 2015-2016 by utilizing soilles technique in a non-heated glasshouse that belongs to Gaziosmanpaşa University Faculty of Agriculture.

Study Design: Whereas Funly F1 lettuce species was used as vegetal materials, 2:1 ratio cocopeat and perlite mixture was used as cultivation environment. According to the experiment design, experiment coincidence parcels were performed as 3-recurrences. In the experiment, the effects of different colored LED lights (blue, yellow, red, blue + yellow, blue + red, yellow + red, blue + yellow + red) additional to sunlight were examined.

Results: SMD strip LEDs with different colors were used as light source. The light practice does not affect on the plant diameter, plant lenght, SÇKM, pH, titered acid, vitamin C and plant nutrient concentrations. Statistically significant difference occured in the yield of spring and winter curly leaf head salad. There was also an increase at 1% importance level in the light practices compared to the control. In the experiment, red and red blue light combinations had an increase of 1% in the curly leaf head salads in the yield rate when it was compared to the control. Whereas the highest total plant head weight was 840 gr/piece in spring practice, and it was 732 gr/piece for the red light practices in winter practice. Compared to the control, the amount of plant leaf nitrate for the light practices resulted in a decrease at 1% importance level in the curly leaf head salad. When the results were compared with the control conditions, the lowest nitrate contents were obtained as 1764.5 mg NO3-kg- in spring practices, 1898.6 NO3-kg- in winter practices.

Coclusion: More amount of nitrate was observed on the leaves of curly leaf head salad in winter practice compared to the one in spring. The amount of leaf nitrate decreased in the light practices compared to the control. As a result, the red and blue light practices and their combinations improved the amount of yield and plant growth by reducing nitrate content.
Effects of Phosphorus Fertilizer on Plant Growth, Fruit Yield and Proximate Composition of Hot Pepper (Capsicum annuum, Rodo Variety)
Authors: Olukunle Alabi Emmanuel , Julius Ayodele Olufemi
Published: December 2019

Phosphorus deficiency is widespread in the soils in Nigeria which makes phosphorus fertilizer application at appropriate rates a component of the improved technologies needed for hot pepper (Capsicum annuum L) production. Atarodo (rodo) variety of hot pepper is cultivated in all agro-ecological zones and gives low fruit yields of variable quality which should be maximized with phosphorus fertilizer use but the information on the requirements is limited. The growth and fruit yield responses of rodo to phosphorus fertilizer were evaluated in 2013 and 2014 at Ado-Ekiti, southwest Nigeria in order to determine the optimum rates. The phosphorus fertilizer was applied at 0, 20, 40 and 60 kg P2O5 ha-1 in four replicates arranged in randomized complete block design. Data were collected on growth parameters from 2 weeks after fertilizer treatment and at 2-week intervals, number and weight of ripe fruits, fruit parameters and proximate composition, vitamin C and mineral contents. The growth parameters increased with age; plant height, number of leaves, leaf area and dry matter yield of plant portions showed linear increase up to the 60 kg P2O5 ha-1 rate. The 60 kg P2O5 ha-1 rate gave the highest fruit and seed yields in both years but the agronomic efficiency was maximized at 60 and 20 kg P2O5 ha-1 in 2013 and 2014 respectively. The fruit proximate composition, minerals and vitamin C contents increased to the highest values at 60 kg P205 ha-1. The linear responses to 60 kg P2O5 ha-1 in soils containing low available P suggest that higher rates and soils with variable P contents should be the focus to attain the optimum rates.
Astrovirus Gastroenteritis in Children Younger than 5 Years in Ouagadougou (Burkina Faso): Prevalence and Risks Factors Influencing Severity
Authors: Gamsonré Zakaria , Bisseye Cyrille , Nitiema Léon W. , Diarra Birama , Zohoncon Théodora M. , Tao Issoufou , Compaoré Tegwindé Rebeca , Djigma Florencia W. , Ouermi Djénéba , Nordgren Johan , Pietra Virginio , Simporé Jacques
Published: December 2019

Aims: The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of astrovirus infections and associated risks factors.

Methods: A prospective study was undertaken from May 2009 to March 2010, covering the rainy and dry seasons, at the Saint Camille Medical Center in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso. A total of 213 non hospitalized children less than 5 years of age with diarrhea were enrolled and examined for astrovirus, others enteropathogens, and clinico-epidemiological aspects.

Results: Astroviruses prevalence among the enrolled children was 14.6%. Astrovirus infections were common during the cold dry season from December to February (38.7%), during the rainy season from June to September (54.8%), also during dry season in March (3.2%) and May (3.2%). Children younger than 11 months of age were most affected by astroviruses (16%). Moderate and severe malnutrition influenced more severe symptoms of astrovirus related diarrheas.

Conclusion: The present study shows that astroviruses have an important role in pediatric viral-associated diarrhea in Burkina Faso. Diarrhea is more severe in malnourished children.
La implementación de las políticas cinematográficas en Colombia y los cambios en los arreglos organizacionales
Authors: Mancilla Liceth Viviana Rivera , Baldi Mariana
Published: December 2019

Este trabajo presenta los cambios en los arreglos organizacionales consecuentes de los cambios en las políticas públicas cinematográficas, desde el surgimiento del cine en Colombia hasta el 2018. La investigación se basó en la recopilación de datos secundarios y entrevistas utilizando el método de análisis de contenido, con foco principalmente en los cambios ocurridos a partir del 2003. Desde la Ley 814 del 2003, la cinematografía colombiana presentó un gran crecimiento y, en ese proceso, se crearon diferentes arreglos organizacionales. Los nuevos órganos Estatales y entes ejecutores (Ministerio de Cultura, Dirección de Cinematografía, Proimágenes Colombia, Retina Latina) y las nuevas leyes (Ley General de Cultura, Ley de Cine 814 de 2003, Ley de Filmación 1556 de 2012), han conseguido mantener una producción continua de películas a lo largo de los años. 
Sobre la multiplicidad de lo múltiple: la gestión cultural en Latinoamérica
Authors: Yáñez Canal Carlos
Published: December 2019

Este artículo es un intento de acercamiento a la gestión cultural en América Latina desde el punto de vista de la hermenéutica de una práctica y el reconocimiento de un saber experiencial. En tal sentido, se ha buscado precisar las connotaciones ontológicas, epistemológicas, éticas y políticas, tratando de aproximarse a territorios no explorados, a caminos no trazados por otros, sino a pequeñas líneas tenues, bajo tachaduras, que se mueven entre los deseos, los derechos y los imaginarios, y se bifurcan en sentidos que buscan determinar una gestión cultural, cuyos signos, en muchos casos, indescifrables, se caracterizan por una multiplicidad que deriva del mundo múltiple en el cual se constituye: Latinoamérica.
A Manifesta como um experimento de participação social
Authors: Pinto Viviane Cristina , Honorato Cayo
Published: December 2019

Este artigo aborda reflexivamente a experiência da Manifesta, mostra cultural da 3ª Conferência Nacional de Juventude (2015), que procurou reconhecer e valorizar o que os jovens estavam produzindo em termos de práticas culturais e conhecimentos científicos. O método adotado para o desenvolvimento da mostra buscou ampliar e aprofundar a participação da juventude brasileira no processo democrático. No atual contexto de ruptura com as conquistas democráticas, em que tal experiência não está mais no horizonte de possibilidades, parece-nos fundamental refletir sobre o que podemos aprender com ela. Para tanto, apresentamos as ideias norteadoras da Manifesta, sua metodologia e etapas de desenvolvimento, os desafios de sua organização, assim como alguns de seus desdobramentos.
Política cultural no Brasil: retrocessos, resistência e reexistência
Authors: Mota Tárcio , Moreira Osmar
Published: December 2019

A trajetória do Estado brasileiro é marcada por diversos marcos administrativos e políticos no último século, como a afirmação e a constitucionalização de diversos direitos – dentre eles, os direitos culturais. A consolidação da cultura como política pública, no entanto, enfrenta instabilidades e descontinuidades. Este trabalho apresenta um panorama da Política Cultural no Brasil e, após revisitar teoricamente conceitos como a priori da dor, propostos pelo filósofo alemão Peter Sloterdijk, pretende refletir acerca do retrocesso no âmbito das políticas culturais brasileiras, seus reflexos nas diversas comunidades do país e as formas de resistência encontradas pelos grupos e coletivos culturais para o enfrentamento deste tempo de descontinuidades.
Produção artística, democracia e Estado: reflexões sobre diferentes perspectivas governamentais para as artes
Authors: Marina Heloisa
Published: December 2019

Neste artigo, me concentro em estudos que investigam diferentes perspectivas governamentais para o incentivo de produções artísticas, visando refletir sobre estratégias e motivações que conduzem a relação entre arte e Estado. Pondero, ainda, acerca das implicâncias decorrentes da interferência que a sociedade civil pode ter na formulação de políticas públicas para cultura, buscando problematizar como tais interferências colaboram, ou não, para o fortalecimento de uma abordagem democrática e participativa no desenvolvimento de ações artísticas.
A frágil democracia brasileira e o mal estar sofrido no âmbito cultural: os desafios do MinC e das políticas culturais
Authors: Alves Tamiles Santos , Dos Santos Nascimento Olívia
Published: December 2019

Este trabalho tem por finalidade analisar o modo como o âmbito cultural está passando por tempos difíceis na atual política brasileira. Sinalizamos que as várias tentativas de desinstitucionalizar e extinguir o Ministério da Cultura são um atentado aos direitos culturais por impactar diretamente a formulação das políticas culturais. Compreendendo o princípio fundamental da dignidade humana, entendemos que o acesso amplo aos bens culturais, bem como aos seus aspectos idiossincráticos ligados às tradições e aos modos de vida devem ser reconhecidos e respeitados, considerando ainda as diversas identidades que norteiam a sociedade brasileira. Nesse sentido, tentar homogeneizar a diversidade sempre esteve em pauta em épocas de governos autoritários e ditatoriais. A fim de reverter esse quadro, faz-se mister respeitar a carta constitucional no culto, na observância e na ampla participação popular no âmbito da promoção das políticas culturais, no Estado democrático de direito.
Participação social e institucionalização de políticas setoriais de cultura no Rio de Janeiro
Authors: Borges Juliano , Amorim Simone
Published: December 2019

Este trabalho reconstrói o processo de desenvolvimento de Planos Setoriais de Cultura pelo governo do estado do Rio de Janeiro de 2012 a 2017 a partir da reflexão sobre os desafios enfrentados pela gestão pública para institucionalizar políticas participativas. O caso em questão deve ser compreendido como a expressão de um dilema de ação coletiva estudado pela literatura neoinstitucionalista. É com base neste aporte teórico e na experiência empírica acumulada pelos autores na Secretaria de Estado de Cultura que o caso será analisado. Nossa hipótese é de que, mesmo mostrando-se aberto à participação social, o Estado teve dificuldades para engajar e de manter ativos setores da sociedade convocados para construir políticas culturais, porque a gestão pública respondeu de forma contraditória às demandas trazidas pela sociedade civil.
Apresentação
Authors: Calabre Lia , Barros José Marcio
Published: December 2019

Apresentação do Dossiê Políticas Culturais e Democracia
Supramolecular multilayer organization of chromosomes: possible functional roles of planar chromatin in gene expression and DNA replication and repair
Authors: Daban Joan‐Ramon
Published: December 2019

Experimental evidence indicates that the chromatin filament is self‐organized into a multilayer planar structure that is densely stacked in metaphase and unstacked in interphase. This chromatin organization is unexpected, but it is shown that diverse supramolecular assemblies, including dinoflagellate chromosomes, are multilayered. The mechanical strength of planar chromatin protects the genome integrity, even when double‐strand breaks are produced. Here, it is hypothesized that the chromatin filament in the loops and topologically associating domains is folded within the thin layers of the multilaminar chromosomes. It is also proposed that multilayer chromatin has two states: inactive when layers are stacked and active when layers are unstacked. Importantly, the well‐defined topology of planar chromatin may facilitate DNA replication without entanglements and DNA repair by homologous recombination.
Impact of image preprocessing methods on reproducibility of radiomic features in multimodal magnetic resonance imaging in glioblastoma
Authors: Moradmand Hajar , Aghamiri Seyed Mahmoud Reza , Ghaderi Reza
Published: December 2019

To investigate the effect of image preprocessing, in respect to intensity inhomogeneity correction and noise filtering, on the robustness and reproducibility of the radiomics features extracted from the Glioblastoma (GBM) tumor in multimodal MR images (mMRI). In this study, for each patient 1461 radiomics features were extracted from GBM subregions (i.e., edema, necrosis, enhancement, and tumor) of mMRI (i.e., FLAIR, T1, T1C, and T2) volumes for five preprocessing combinations (in total 116 880 radiomics features). The robustness and reproducibility of the radiomics features were assessed under four comparisons: (a) Baseline versus modified bias field; (b) Baseline versus modified bias field followed by noise filtering; (c) Baseline versus modified noise, and (d) Baseline versus modified noise followed bias field correction. The concordance correlation coefficient (CCC), dynamic range (DR), and interclass correlation coefficient (ICC) were used as metrics. Shape features and subsequently, local binary pattern (LBP) filtered images were highly stable and reproducible against bias field correction and noise filtering in all measurements. In all MRI modalities, necrosis regions (NC: n ̅ ~449/1461, 30%) had the highest number of highly robust features, with CCC and DR >= 0.9, in comparison with edema (ED: n ̅ ~296/1461, 20%), enhanced (EN: n ̅ ~ 281/1461, 19%) and active‐tumor regions (TM: n ̅ ~254/1461, 17%). The necrosis regions (NC:  ~ 449/1461, 30%) had a higher number of highly robust features (CCC and DR >= 0.9) than edema (ED:  ~ 296/1461, 20%), enhanced (EN:  ~ 281/1461, 19%) and active‐tumor (TM:  ~ 254/1461, 17%) regions across all modalities. Furthermore, our results identified that the percentage of high reproducible features with ICC >= 0.9 after bias field correction (23.2%), and bias field correction followed by noise filtering (22.4%) were higher in contrast with noise smoothing and also noise smoothing follow by bias correction. These preliminary findings imply that preprocessing sequences can also have a significant impact on the robustness and reproducibility of mMRI‐based radiomics features and identification of generalizable and consistent preprocessing algorithms is a pivotal step before imposing radiomics biomarkers into the clinic for GBM patients.
Dynamic conformal arcs for lung stereotactic body radiation therapy: A comparison with volumetric‐modulated arc therapy
Authors: Bokrantz Rasmus , Wedenberg Minna , Sandwall Peter
Published: December 2019

This study constitutes a feasibility assessment of dynamic conformal arc (DCA) therapy as an alternative to volumetric‐modulated arc therapy (VMAT) for stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) of lung cancer. The rationale for DCA is lower geometric complexity and hence reduced risk for interplay errors induced by respiratory motion. Forward planned DCA and inverse planned DCA based on segment‐weight optimization were compared to VMAT for single arc treatments of five lung patients. Analysis of dose‐volume histograms and clinical goal fulfillment revealed that DCA can generate satisfactory and near equivalent dosimetric quality to VMAT, except for complex tumor geometries. Segment‐weight optimized DCA provided spatial dose distributions qualitatively similar to those for VMAT. Our results show that DCA, and particularly segment‐weight optimized DCA, may be an attractive alternative to VMAT for lung SBRT treatments if the patient anatomy is favorable.
First FHM3 mouse model shows spontaneous cortical spreading depolarizations
Authors: Jansen Nico A. , Dehghani Anisa , Linssen Margot M. L. , Breukel Cor , Tolner Else A. , van den Maagdenberg Arn M. J. M.
Published: December 2019

Here we show, for the first time, spontaneous cortical spreading depolarization (CSD) events – the electrophysiological correlate of the migraine aura – in animals by using the first generated familial hemiplegic migraine type 3 (FHM3) transgenic mouse model. The mutant mice express L263V‐mutated α1 subunits in voltage‐gated NaV1.1 sodium channels (Scn1aL263V). CSDs consistently propagated from visual to motor cortex, recapitulating what has been shown in patients with migraine with aura. This model may be valuable for the preclinical study of migraine with aura and other diseases in which spreading depolarization is a prominent feature.