bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Isolation of obligate anaerobes from clinical samples received for routine bacterial culture and sensitivity - a cross sectional study
Authors: Ayesha Bi Bi , Gachinmath Supriya , Sobia Christobel
Published: April 2022

Background and Objectives: Obligate anaerobic bacteria are known to cause various infections in human beings. We aimed to determine the prevalence and spectrum of obligate anaerobes encountered in pus aspirate, sterile fluids and tissue samples received for routine bacterial culture and sensitivity.
Materials and Methods: A total of 160 samples including tissue, sterile body fluids and pus aspirate were collected , ana- lysed for prevalence and spectrum of obligate anaerobes. Identification of obligate and facultative anaerobes was done by automated MALDI-TOF and Vitek 2 method.
Results: Among 160 samples, 75 samples (46.8%) yielded obligate anaerobes out of which 41 samples (26%) yielded obli- gate anaerobes along with facultative anaerobes which was significant (p value=0.031) and 34 samples (21%) yielded only obligate anaerobes. 90 obligate anaerobes were isolated from 75 samples among which only 34 (37.7%) samples yielded only obligate anaerobes and 56 (62.2%) yielded both obligate and facultative anaerobes. Gram stain with polymicrobial appear- ance (p value 0.02) was found to be significantly associated with growth of obligate anaerobes. Clinical conditions where obligate anaerobes were commonly associated were appendicular abscess, empyema, fournier’s gangrene, diabetic foot, ludwigs angina and deep abscess. Out of 75 positive samples 30 (40%) patients had predisposing conditions like diabetes mellitus, hypertension etc. Total of 90 obligate anaerobes and 49 facultative anaerobes were isolated. The common obligate anaerobes were Bacteroides fragilis 18 (20%), Prevotella spp. 20 (22.2%), and Clostridium spp. 8 (8.88%). Facultative anaerobes like Escherichia coli 25 (34.7%), Klebsiella species 15 (20.8%), Enterococcus faecalis 19 (26.3%) were isolated. Antibiotic sensitivity was performed for facultative anaerobes by Kirby bauer disc diffusion method. Out of 15 Escherichia coli isolates resistance was commonly seen for ampicillin 13 (86.6%), cephalosporins 11 (73.3%), ciprofloxacin 10 (66.6%) and Piperacillin tazobactum 8 (53.3%). In Klebsiella species resistance were commonly seen to Ampicillin 6 (100%), ceph- alosporins 2 (33.3%) and ciprofloxacin 2 (33.3%).
Conclusion: There was significant isolation of obligate anaerobes along with facultative anaerobes in clinical samples re- ceived for aerobic culture and sensitivity. There is a need for isolation of these bacteria routinely and a scope for doing anti- biotic susceptibility testing, which will help in evidence-based medicine and a better clinical outcome by giving appropriate therapy.
Bacteriological profile of urinary tract infections and antibiotic susceptibility of Escherichia coli in Algeria
Authors: Ait-Mimoune Nouara , Hassaine Houda , Boulanoir Meriem
Published: April 2022

Background and Objectives: Urinary tract infections are one of the most common bacterial infections worldwide. The emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacterial strains is a serious problem and greatest challenge in public health care. The pur- pose of this study was to determine the prevalence of uropathogenic microorganisms and the antibiotic resistance pattern of Escherichia coli in Algeria.
Materials and Methods: Urine samples were collected from 760 outpatients in the hospital of Tizi-Ouzou (Algeria). From the positive cultures, 120 strains of E. coli were isolated and tested for their susceptibility to antibiotics by disk diffusion method on Mueller Hinton agar medium.
Results: Among the collected urine specimens, 270 (35.5%) yielded positive cultures for urinary tract infection. Females were more affected with a sex ratio F/M of 1.14. E. coli was the most prevalent isolated bacteria with a rate of 44.44%, fol- lowed by Klebsiella pneumoniae (12.21%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (11.1%) and Proteus mirabilis (5.55%). Isolates of E. coli showed high level of resistance to cephalothin (85.83%), ticarcillin (82.5%), ampicillin (73.3%) and amoxicillin-clavu- lanic acid (58.33%). Imipenem was the most effective antimicrobial agent.
Conclusion: These results highlight the inappropriate utilization of antibiotics and suggest the need to improve prescription practices in our country.
Clinical and microbiological spectrum of external ventricular drain related infections (EVDRIs) from a tertiary care center
Authors: Mehreen Syeda Fakiha , Padmaja Kanne , Sudhaharan Sukanya , Teja Vijay D , Vijay Saradhi Mudumba , Krishna Y. Vamsi
Published: April 2022

Background and Objectives: Insertion of an External Ventricular Drain (EVD) is a common and important lifesaving pro- cedure that can lead to morbidity and mortality. This study was conducted to assess the infection rate, risk factors, causative organisms, and outcome of EVDs.
Materials and Methods: A prospective study was undertaken in a tertiary care centre from August 1st to October 30th, 2020. Over 192 patients had undergone insertion of EVDs in the neurosurgical intensive care unit. CSF samples were collected in sterile containers and transported to the laboratory.
Results: A total of 214 EVDs were inserted in 192 patients for 691 days. The median duration for EVD in situ and the mean time between catheter insertion and onset of infection were 14.5 days and 8 days. EVD related infection rate was 19.4 for 1000 EVD days. The most common risk factor for EVD insertion were tumors (55%) followed by hydrocephalus (40%).We identified 25 patients out of 192 (12%) who had clinical signs and symptoms with deranged CSF counts. A total of 13/25 (52%) specimens were culture positives out of which 10 (76.9%) were Gram negative pathogens and 3 (23%) were Gram positive pathogens and 3/10 (30%) Gram negative pathogens were Multidrug resistant organisms (MDROs).
Conclusion: It was observed that longer duration of catheter in situ was an important risk factor for EVD-related infections (ERIs) and also higher frequency of CSF sampling. A proper EVD infection prevention and control protocol must be fol- lowed in the form of a checklist at the time of EVD insertion.
Coinfection of torque teno virus (TTV) and human papillomavirus (HPV) in cervical samples of women living in Tehran, Iran
Authors: Siahpoush Mohammad , Noorbazargan Hassan , Kalantari Shirin , Shayestehpour Mohammad , Yazdani Shaghayegh
Published: April 2022

Background and Objectives: Torque Teno virus or transfusion-transmitted virus (TTV) is a non-enveloped virus with a single strand circular DNA genome that currently is classified in the Alphatorquevirus genus and the family of Anelloviridae. Unlike other DNA viruses, TTV has an extremely wide genomic diversity. This virus, based on previous studies, infects both healthy people, as well as those who have HCV and human papillomavirus (HPV). This study aimed to evaluate the coinfec- tion of torque teno virus (TTV) and HPV in cervical samples from Iranian women.
Materials and Methods: In this case-control study, the fresh cervical cytobrush specimens were collected from 150 women referred to Dena laboratory in Tehran. Viral DNA was extracted from samples. The HPV-DNA was detected and genotyped. Then, nested polymerase chain reaction (Nested PCR) was performed for TTV using specific primers.
Results: Among 50 cervical specimens without HPV, 14 were TTV positive (28%); among 50 low-risk HPV cervical spec- imen, 23 were TTV positive (46%), and from 50 high-risk HPV cervical specimen, 48 were TTV positive (96%). There is a significantly higher prevalence of TTV virus in low-risk and high-risk papillomavirus-infected specimens than in healthy specimens (p 0.0001). Additionally, TTV is more prevalent in samples containing high-risk papillomaviruses than in samples with low-risk papillomaviruses (P = 0.048).
Conclusion: The higher prevalence of TTV among people infected with papillomavirus than in non-infected people indi- cates that both viruses are transmitted by the same mechanism (sexual route). In addition, the prevalence of TTV in samples containing high-risk papillomavirus is significantly higher than that in samples containing low-risk papillomavirus. The presence of papillomaviruses, particularly high-risk types, may be associated with TTV proliferation, which requires further research in the future.
Combination and improvement of conventional DNA extraction methods in Actinobacteria to obtain high-quantity and high-quality DNA
Authors: Babadi Zahra Khosravi , Narmani Abolfazl , Ebrahimipour Gholam Hossein , Wink Joachim
Published: April 2022

Background and Objectives: DNA extraction is an important step of any molecular experiment. DNA could not be easily extracted from members of actinomycetes by the usual methods of lysis. Due to the low efficiency of the conventional DNA extraction methods, development of an effective technique for DNA extraction of actinobacteria in emergency cases seems to be necessary. Since most of the DNA extraction techniques and commercial kits are not efficient enough to extract DNA from actinobacteria, this study was conducted to improve an efficient method obtained from conventional one to extract DNA from this group of bacteria.
Materials and Methods: DNA extraction was performed using five methods (an improved method, Invisorb Spin Plant Mini Kit, EZ-10 Spin Column, Sarrbrucken method (HZI, Germany) and Kirby Bauer's method). To evaluate the quantity and quality of extracted genomic DNA, UV absorbance of all samples and efficiency of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) were evaluated.
Results: Overall, the results revealed that the highest quantity (up to 4000 ng/µl) and good quality of DNA was obtained using introduced DNA extraction method.
Conclusion: Results indicated that recently introduced improved method was more efficient for extraction of DNA from actinobacteria for DDH (DNA–DNA hybridization) test and for those require the high concentration of DNA.
Validation of reference genes for the normalization of RT-qPCR gene expression in Bacillus siamensis 1021 grown in different culture media
Authors: Nuwong Warinya , Kittiwongwattana Chokchai
Published: April 2022

Background and Objectives: House-keeping genes are generally selected as reference genes in gene expression analysis. However, some genes may not be stably expressed across all experimental conditions. Thus, this study aimed to validate seven house-keeping genes for gene expression analysis in Bacillus siamensis 1021.
Materials and Methods: Strain 1021 was grown in potato dextrose broth, nutrient broth and mineral salt medium. Re- verse-transcription quantitative PCR was used to determine Cq values of seven reference genes including gyrA, gyrB, ssb and dnaB, rpsU, gat_Yqey and udp in these media. Expression stability of these genes was analyzed, using geNorm and Normfinder applications. The target gene ftsZ was used for assessment of the best candidate genes.
Results: Based on geNorm and Normfinder, ssb was the most-stably expressed gene, while udp was the least-stably ex- pressed gene. Pairwise variation indicated the combination of ssb, gyrA, gyrB and gatB_Yqey was suitable for the normal- ization of ftsZ expression. ftsZ expression in potato dextrose broth and mineral salt medium was higher than that in nutrient broth. In contrast, the normalization against udp resulted in an under- and overestimation of ftsZ expression in potato dextrose broth and mineral salt medium, respectively.
Conclusion: The combination of ssb, gyrA, gyrB and gatB_Yqey was the best candidate for normalization of target gene expression in B. siamensis 1021 in these media. This study emphasized the significance of reference gene validation for gene expression analysis and provided a guideline for future gene expression studies in B. siamensis.
Isolation and characterization of lytic bacteriophages against Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates from human infections in the north-west of Iran
Authors: Majdani Raheleh , Ghahfarokhi Elham Shams
Published: April 2022

Background and Objectives: With the emergence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa antibiotic-resistant strains, using the anti- bacterial potential of bacteriophages could be an effective approach to combat bacterial infections.
Materials and Methods: In this study, after evaluation of antibiotic sensitivity of 20 clinical bacterial isolates of Pseudo- monas aeruginosa, isolation of lytic phages was performed against 15 isolates using double-layer agar overlay technique. Molecular analysis of isolated phages was carried out using EcoRV and HindIII endonucleases. Then, the host range of the phages was evaluated and the phage with the broadest host range (PPaMa1/18) was selected to morphological characteristics by TEM. Also, its one-step growth curve was determined and the stability of the phage to environmental parameters (tem- perature and pH) was evaluated.
Results: All isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa were resistant to five antibiotics. In total, 15 phages were successfully iso- lated from the sewage sources against each of 15 used bacterial isolates. Molecular analysis of the phages showed a high rate of genomic variation. In the morphological analysis of the selected phage (PPaMa1/18) using TEM, an icosahedral head with a size of 90 nm × 75 nm and a long contractile tail (215 nm) were observed which indicated its similarity to the Myoviridae family. The latent period of the PPaMa1/18 was about 20 minutes and its burst size was estimated to be 58 PFU/cell. Also, the PPaMa1/18 phage antibacterial activity was not significantly affected at pH 4-10 and temperature 4-40C°.
Conclusion: Findings demonstrated that isolated bacteriophage (PPaMa1/18) with wide host range, strong lytic effect and high stability can be used as a promising candidate for the treatment of antibiotic-resistant infections caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
Native chicken-derived Lactobacillus spp. strains with high probiotic, cholesterol-assimilation and aflatoxin-degradation capabilities
Authors: Amir Ebrahimi Niloufar , Salehi Jouzani Gholamreza , Ebrahimi Mohammad Ali
Published: April 2022

Background and Objectives: Probiotics are added into the food or feed systems and provide beneficial effects to the human or animal health. This study aimed to isolate the gastrointestinal native Lactobacillus strains with high probiotic, cholester- ol-assimilation and aflatoxin-degradation capabilities from native chickens.
Materials and Methods: About 70 Lactobacillus isolates were isolated from ileum of the Fars province native chickens and were investigated for their probiotic properties.
Results: Of 70 Lactobacillus isolates, 10 showed high probiotic capabilities, including survival at acidic conditions (pH up to 2.5), tolerance of 0.5% bile and 6-10% NaCl salts, growth in a wide range of temperature from 15 to 45°C, antagonistic effects against different important bacterial pathogens (Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Streptococcus mutans, Clostridium defficile, Enterococcus hirae, Salmonella enterica and Staphylococcus aureus) and sensitivity to some import- ant antibiotics. The selected strains had an aggregation time less than 120 min. The 16S-rDNA sequencing showed that the selected strains were highly related to Lactobacillus reuteri and L. casei. Finally, the selected strains in this study along with 10 other probiotic strains isolated and characterized in our pervious study were used to evaluate their cholesterol assimilation and aflatoxin B1 degradation capabilities. The potentials of cholesterol assimilation of the selected strains were significantly different (P<0.05) and ranged from 2.3% to 99%. The highest content of cholesterol assimilation was obtained in isolates M20 and M4 with more than 98% absorption. Moreover, four strains 43, OR7, M21 and OR9 were able to absorb AFB1 with 58.6%, 52.33%, 47% and 31.6% efficiency respectively.
Conclusion: It could be concluded that the strains 43, M21 and OR7 showed high probiotic potentials for application in the poultry industry.
A comparative study of antibacterial and antivirulence activities of four selected honeys to Manuka honey
Authors: Al-kafaween Mohammad A. , Al-Jamal Hamid A. Nagi
Published: April 2022

Background and Objectives: Honey has excellent antibacterial properties against various microorganisms of several differ- ent species. To date, there is no comparative evaluation of the antibacterial activity of Jarrah honey (JH), Kelulut Madu honey (KMH), Gelam honey (GH), and Acacia honey (AH) with that of Manuka honey (MH). The purpose of this study was to conduct such study and to compare the antibacterial activity of JH, KMH, GH, and AH with that of MH against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Streptococcus pyogenes.
Materials and Methods: Activity was assessed using broth microdilution, time kill viability, microtiter plate, scanning electron microscope (SEM) and Quantitative Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-qPCR).
Results: The susceptibility tests revealed promising antibacterial activities of all honeys against both bacteria. The MICs of JH, KMH, GH, and AH ranged from 20% to 25% compared to MH (12.5%) against both bacteria. The MBCs of JH, KMH, GH, and AH ranged from 20% to 50% compared to MH (20%) against both bacteria. Treatment of both bacteria with 2× MIC (Minimum inhibitory concentration) of MH, JH, KMH, GH, and AH for 9 hours resulted in reduction in colony-forming unit (CFU/ml). SEM images showed that the morphological changes, cell destruction, cell lysis and biofilm disruption in both bacteria after exposure to all honeys. RT-qPCR analysis revealed that the expression of all genes in both bacteria were downregulated following treatment with all honeys. Among the all-tested honeys, MH showed the highest total antibacterial and antivirulence activities.
Conclusion: Our results indicate that all honeys activity included inhibition of both bacteria due to a decrease in expression of essential genes associated with both bacteria, suggesting that all honeys could potentially be used as an alternative thera- peutic agent against certain microorganisms particularly against P. aeruginosa and S. pyogenes.
Optimization of production conditions of Mahyaveh, a traditional Iranian fish sauce, with low microbial load
Authors: Kavian Fatemeh , Nateghi Leila
Published: April 2022

Background and Objectives: Mahyaveh is a traditional Iranian fish sauce produced by fermentation and hydrolysis. The main production of Mahyaveh has been traditionally and scientific research and industrial measures has not been done on it with the aim to achieve a production with less microbial load. Therefore, the aim of this research was to study the type of fish, salt concentration and fermentation time on the bacterial population of Iranian fish sauce (Mahyaveh).
Materials and Methods: For this purpose, the effects of fish type (tuna, anchovy and sardine), salt concentration (15%, 25% and 35%) and fermentation time (30, 75 and 120 days) on the total microbial count, Micrococcus, Enterobacteriaceae and Bacillus were investigated. 15 treatments were designed according to the Box-Behnken Response Surface Methodology.
Results: Simultaneous optimization to achieve the minimum total microbial count, Micrococcus, Enterobacteriaceae and Bacillus in the Mahyaveh sauce was obtained with 99.49% desirability at the time of 103.63 days of fermentation with the third type of fish (Sardine) and at a salt concentration of 29.38%.
Conclusion: By optimizing the conditions of producing Mahyaveh sauce, fish sauce can be produced with the least amount of microbial load with more health safety.
The epidemiology and etiology of onychomycosis in 2 laboratory centers affiliated to Tehran university of medical sciences during 2019-2020
Authors: Razavyoon Taraneh , Hashemia Seyed Jamal , Mansouri Parvin , Rafat Zahra , Saboor-Yaraghi Ali Akbar , Kamali Sarvestani Hasti , Ghasemi Zeinab
Published: April 2022

Background and Objectives: Onychomycosis is caused by dermatophyte species, non- dermatophyte moulds (NDMs), and accounts for roughly 50% of all nail diseases. As the prevalence of onychomycosis is increasing, new epidemiologic documents may help with treatment and prevention. The present investigation aims to determine the epidemiological profile of onychomycosis in 2 mycology laboratories.
Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study conducted during eight months (2019-2020) on 169 patients with positive nail mycology tests referred to two mycological laboratory centers affiliated with Tehran University of Medical Science. The nail clippings were examined by direct smear and culture. Also, molecular assays were performed if needed.
Results: 10% of nail lesions referred to Razi Hospital (RH), and 30% of nail lesions referred to TUMS mycology laboratory were positive. Middle age (40-60) suffer more from onychomycosis. Aspergillus flavus, Trichophyton mentagrophytes, and Candida albicans were the most common etiologic agents in each of the three main classes of fungi causing onychomycosis. Females were more infected.  NDMs were the predominant etiologic agents, and toenails were the most common site of onychomycosis.
Conclusion: The pattern of etiologic agents and clinical signs of onychomycosis differs according to geographical region and age, so repeated epidemiological surveys of onychomycosis seem to be fundamental.
Mal-estar docente:
Authors: Gross da Silva Marlova , Ferreira da Silva Gilberto
Published: April 2022

Este trabalho tem por objetivo compreender como se movimentam as discussões e o que aportam ao universo dos estudos sobre mal-estar docente. Recorre-se ao Banco de teses da Capes, contemplando um período de cinco anos (2015 a 2020) para produzir o levantamento. Amparado na perspectiva dos estudos, do tipo estado da arte ou revisão de literatura, buscou-se pela análise, selecionar produções que pudessem evidenciar contribuições à área de interesse. Lançamos mão da Análise de Conteúdo, preconizada por Bardin, para a realização do tratamento dos dados. O comprometimento da saúde dos docentes é um fator que emergiu com ênfase entre as pesquisas analisadas. Dentre os resultados dos estudos salienta-se de um lado, saúde ocupacional, sintomas mentais, depressão e medicalização e, de outro, a aposta em uma formação continuada que reconheça o trabalho intelectual do profissional como algo inerente ao trabalho. Apostando no diálogo onde a horizontalidade se impõe como um princípio formativo direcionando a escola para um espaço de exercício autoral de uma profissão.
Modelo de administración para optimizar recursos del sistema de seguridad y defensa de bases aéreas
Authors: Ramírez Ruiz Giovanna Estefanía , Antolinez Díaz Raúl Orlando
Published: April 2022

Esta investigación propone un modelo de administración para optimizar recursos del sistema de seguridad y defensa de bases aéreas de la Fuerza Aérea Colombiana (FAC), ya que hoy en día la institución emplea, para el cumplimiento de su misión, recursos como el personal de soldados, quienes son jóvenes que transitoriamente hacen parte de la institución y se desempeñan como soldados regulares o bachilleres realizando actividades de seguridad y defensa de bases aéreas.El desarrollo del modelo inició con la observación y el análisis de los diferentes documentos que soportan los derechos, los beneficios y otras retribuciones a las que tiene derecho un soldado, haciendo un énfasis en los informes de rendición de cuentas de los últimos seis años. Es posible evidenciar que ha sido necesaria la destinación de aproximadamente 250 mil millones de pesos ($250 000 000 000) para garantizar el sostenimiento de alrededor de 22 642 soldados, quienes han cumplido con su servicio militar obligatorio en la FAC, recursos económicos que en la actualidad representan un gasto fundamental sin un retorno de inversión tangible.El propósito de este modelo es el de optimizar y fortalecer los medios para la seguridad actual, es decir, las medidas activas y pasivas, el armamento, las comunicaciones y la movilidad, entre otros, aplicando los conceptos de las “cinco D”: disuadir (deter), denegar (deny), detectar (detect), demorar (delay) y destruir (destroy), mediante la reducción de un porcentaje de la actual planta de soldados existente en la institución para lograr una eficiencia de los recursos económicos existentes, potencializar proyectos futuros y transformar el presente esquema de seguridad y defensa de bases aéreas, todo ello basado en la triada hombre-tecnología-procedimientos.
The Relationship of Body Mass Index with Platelet Counts and Donation Frequency of Platelet Apheresis Donors
Authors: SADRİ Sevil , BİLGEN Hülya
Published: April 2022

Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate the demographic characteristics of platelet apheresis donors during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, to examine the association of platelet counts with blood groups and body mass index (BMI), and to characterize the effects of BMI on platelet apheresis donation.
Material and Methods: In this retrospective study, the demographic characteristics of platelet apheresis donors admitted to our center between January 2020 and January 2021 were examined, and hemogram parameters, previous platelet donation frequencies, and blood groups information were recorded. The relationship between donors' platelet counts, blood groups, and BMI were analyzed.
Results: There was no statistically significant relationship between the platelet counts and blood groups. Although platelet counts were higher in Rh positive donors, no statistically significant relationship was found between platelet counts and the Rh group (p=0.675). Even though the platelet counts were lower in low-weight donors, there was no statistically significant relationship between platelet count and BMI groups (p=0.134). The lower collected platelet counts of the normal group, compared to the obese group, was found to be statistically significant (p=0.001). The number of donations for the overweight group being higher than the normal and obese groups was found to be statistically significant (p=0.002).
Conclusion: Even though the platelet count increases with obesity, it does not have any statistical significance in healthy platelet donors. In conclusion, obesity does not have an inverse relationship with platelet apheresis donation and high BMI should not be considered as a prognostic factor for donation.
Potential biocontrol mechanisms of Bacillus sp. TSO2 against Bipolaris sorokiniana, spot blotch in wheat
Authors: Valenzuela-Ruiz Valeria , Parra-Cota Fannie I. , Santoyo Gustavo , De los Santos-Villalobos Sergio
Published: April 2022

Bipolaris sorokiniana is a pathogen of cereals such as wheat and barley, causing root rot, leaf blight, seedling blight, and spot blotch. This phytopathogen causes a considerable reduction in cereal yield of up to 85%. Thus, sustainable alternatives to the application of synthetic fungicides are determinants for the control of phytopathogens, such as the application of biological control agents. This study aims to identify the potential biocontrol mechanisms of the bacterial strain TSO2 by sequencing, annotation, and mining its genome. The draft genome of strain TSO2 was sequenced through the Illumina Miseq platform and presented 4,242,212 bp, 43.9% G+C content, 300,069 bp N50, 5 L50, 47 contigs, 96 RNAs, and 4,432 predicted coding DNA sequences. Besides, the presence of 86 CDS of agricultural importance involved in virulence, disease, defense, iron acquisition, and secondary and phosphate metabolisms was detected. On the other hand, seven putative secondary metabolite gene clusters involved in biocontrol activity were identified in the genome of strain TSO2. Bacillus sp. TSO2 contains a great number of biosynthetic gene clusters which supports its biocontrol activity against phytopathogenic fungi. Thus, this strain needs to be further studied as a potential bioactive ingredient for the biopesticide formulation due to its high potential as a biological control agent.
When it Hurts to Care: Clergy Working with Crisis
Authors: Hendron Jill
Published: April 2022

Clergy work with crisis, crisis requires caring and caring demands a cost Without a doubt the demands of 21st century ministry have moved far beyond those depicted in the novels of Jane Austen. Today’s clergy are frequently accessed for support by individuals and communities during times of crisis. This has been further highlighted by the Coronavirus pandemic that swept across the world during the completion of this book impacting the lives of millions in ways many of us could never have imagined. Continual exposure to the crisis being experienced by others is well documented as taking its toll amongst several caring professions. However, in this book, Jill Hendron sets out the unique challenges of the pastoral ministry when working with crisis and considers the many impacts it can have. For those clergy providing pastoral care this book will help to ensure they also pay attention to their own emotional wellbeing. It should also become a ‘must read’ for those considering entering the ministry or those who hold responsibility for training and supporting clergy and who need to understand these unique stressors within the pastoral ministry.
Autocompasión e imagen corporal en jóvenes con discapacidad motriz de centros de rehabilitación de Lima Metropolitana
Authors:   , Requena Coda Daniela , Serpa Vásquez Claudia Paola
Published: April 2022

Introducción: El propósito del estudio fue determinar la relación entre la autocompasión y la imagen corporal en jóvenes con discapacidad motriz. Método: Se utilizó el inventario de Autocompasión (SCS) de Javier García Campayo (2014) y el cuestionario de Imagen Corporal Para Personas en Situación de Discapacidad Física (PICDF) de Botero y Londoño (2014). La muestra estuvo conformada por 172 jóvenes de ambos sexos con discapacidad motriz, cuyas edades fluctuaron entre 16 y 25 años quienes reciben terapias en centros de rehabilitación de Lima Metropolitana y poseen diferentes tipos de discapacidad motora y diferentes niveles de afectación, de los cuales el 57.6% son hombres y el 42.4% mujeres. El tipo de investigación es cuantitativa con un diseño transversal y correlacional. Resultados: Dentro de los principales resultados se hallaron relaciones significativas entre las dimensiones de Autocompasión e Imagen Corporal. Además, el resultado comparativo de la variable Autocompasión respecto al sexo, conlleva a una mayor exploración en futuras investigaciones. Conclusión: Los resultados de la investigación reflejan correlación entre las variables de estudio, lo que conlleva a profundizar en dimensiones de connotación positiva que fomenten programas de mejora, para que las personas con discapacidad puedan mejorar su calidad de vida, ya que en ellos no solo se deberían de considerar los factores médicos o educativos.
Modelo de referencia para identificar el nivel de madurez de ciberinteligencia de amenazas en la dark web
Authors:   , Aguilar Gallardo Anthony Josue , Meléndez Santos Ricardo Alfonso
Published: April 2022

La web oscura es una zona propicia para actividades ilegales de todo tipo. En los últimos tiempos los cibercriminales están cambiando su enfoque hacia el tráfico de informacion (personal o corporativa) porque los riesgos son mucho más bajos en comparación con otros tipos de delito. Hay una gran cantidad de información alojada aquí, pero pocas compañías saben cómo acceder a estos datos, evaluarlos y minimizar el daño que puedan causar. El presente trabajo propone un modelo de referencia para identificar el nivel de madurez del proceso de Ciber Inteligencia de Amenazas. Esta propuesta considera la información comprometida en la web oscura, originando un riesgo latente que las organizaciones no consideran en sus estrategias de ciberseguridad. El modelo propuesto tiene como objetivo aumentar el nivel de madurez del proceso mediante un conjunto de controles propuestos de acuerdo a los hallazgos encontrados en la web oscura. El modelo consta de 3 fases:1. Identificación de los activos de información mediante herramientas de Ciber inteligencia de amenazas. 2. Diagnóstico de la exposición de los activos de información. 3. Propuesta de controles según las categorías y criterios propuestos. La validación de la propuesta se realizó en una institución de seguros en Lima, Perú con datos obtenidos por la institución. Los resultados preliminares mostraron 196 correos electrónicos y contraseñas expuestos en la web oscura de los cuales 1 correspondía al Gerente de Tecnología. Con esta identificación, se diagnosticó que la institución se encontraba en un nivel de madurez “Normal”, y a partir de la implementación de los controles propuestos se llegó al nivel “Avanzado”.
Ks. Benedykt Chmielowski — pionier polskiego kulturoznawstwa
Authors: Kosowska Ewa
Published: April 2022

Kulturoznawstwo polskie ma swoją kilkudziesięcioletnią tradycję jako kierunek studiów oraz kilkunastoletnią — jako dyscyplina naukowa. W wyniku zmian formalnych przestało być przed kilkoma laty odrębną dyscypliną i weszło w skład dyscypliny o nazwie nauki o kulturze i religii. Jednakże tradycje myśli kulturoznawczej w Polsce są znacznie starsze i sięgają przynajmniej przełomu XIX i XX wieku. Pojawia się przy tym pytanie, czy i tej granicy nie można przesunąć jeszcze dalej wstecz. Autorka artykułu stawia tezę, że holistyczne podejście do poznawania świata i człowieka, bliskie części kulturoznawców, można odnaleźć w myśli polihistorów siedemnastowiecznych i osiemnastowiecznych encyklopedystów. Jako przykład podaje Nowe Ateny, kompendium autorstwa ks. Benedykta Chmielowskiego (1700–1763), który w połowie XVIII wieku postanowił opisać „świat cały w słów krótkości”. Autorka zwraca uwagę na kilka aspektów tego dzieła, pozwalających łączyć myśl ks. Chmielowskiego ze współczesna myślą kulturoznawczą. Przywołuje też nieodnotowany dotąd fakt, że w Nowych Atenach prawdopodobnie po raz pierwszy w piśmien-nictwie polskim zostało użyte słowo „kultura” w jednym ze znaczeń stosowanych współcześnie.

Autorka proponuje spojrzenie na Nowe Ateny z perspektywy kulturoznawczej, a ich autora uznaje za jednego z pionierów polskiego kulturoznawstwa. Na pewno ks. Chmielowski posługiwał się słowem cultura i odnosił je przede wszystkim do kultury języka. Swobodne posługiwanie się językiem, a praktycznie dwoma językami jednocześnie (efekt polszczyzny makaronicznej), było w jego ocenie przejawem wysokiej kultury osobistej. Niemniej zakres opisywanych przez niego zjawisk antycypuje późniejsze szerokie rozumienie kultury jako dorobku człowieka. Zasługi autora Nowych Aten są jednak tylko pretekstem do przedstawienia ogólnego stanu refleksji kulturoznawczej nad sposobami rozumienia słowa „kultura” i przyczynami rezygnacji z dookreślenia pola badawczego dyscypliny.
Stanisława Brzozowskiego „ogrom pracy kulturoznawczej” jako inspiracja dla badań programów kulturowych
Authors: Majewski Tomasz
Published: April 2022

Słowo „kulturoznawczy” po raz pierwszy w języku polskim zostało użyte przez krytyka Stanisława Baczyńskiego, który w szkicu „Sumienie intelektu polskiego” z 1923 roku zastosował określenia „praca kulturoznawcza” dla scharakteryzowania efektu oddziaływania tekstów Stanisława Brzozowskiego. Wskazana semantyka tego, co kulturoznawcze, poprzedzająca o kilka dekad kształtowanie się kulturoznawstwa jako dyscypliny naukowej w latach siedemdziesiątych XX wieku, odnosiła się do związku między krytyką zastanych ujęć kultury a przemianami samowiedzy uczestników kultury, zachęcanych do przyjęcia wobec niej postawy czynnej, twórczej. Semantyka ta implikuje świadome ustosunkowanie się do wartości i norm określających pozycje różnych aktorów na scenie kultury; implikuje ujmowanie zjawisk kultury z punktu widzenia potencjalnej, projektowanej dopiero podmiotowej praktyki. W drugiej części tekstu stawiając pytanie o to, czym jest i czym może być „wiedza kulturoznawcza”, autor proponuje własne, aktualizujące odczytanie koncepcji Brzozowskiego dotyczącej relacji między nową praxis kulturotwórczą a determinantami zastanego układu kulturowego.
Renée de la Torre, Cristina Gutiérrez Zúñiga y Alberto Hernández (Orgs.). Colección Reconfiguración de identidades religiosas. Análisis de la Encuesta Nacional sobre Creencias y Prácticas Religiosas, Encreer 2016.
Authors: Várguez Pasos Luis A.
Published: April 2022

La obra que aquí reseño, como lo explicita su subtítulo, es resultado del análisis de la Encuesta Nacional sobre Creencias y Prácticas Religiosas, en adelante Encreer, que, como parte del proyecto “Reconfiguraciones de las identidades religiosas en México”, coordinado por Renée de la Torre, Cristina Gutiérrez Zúñiga y Alberto Hernández, fue realizada en nuestro país en 2016. La investigación que dio origen a esta obra incluyó la revisión de los estudios, basados en encuestas, que se han realizado en México y en el mundo en las últimas décadas. Entre los primeros estudios destacan el hecho por el equipo sobre Creencias y Prácticas religiosas durante 1996, 2006 y 2016, el de las Católicas por el Derecho a Decidir en 1993, 2002 y 2014, el del Instituto Mexicano de Doctrina Social Cristiana en 2014 y el del Instituto de Investigaciones Jurídicas de la Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México en 2014. Entre los estudios a nivel mundial se cuentan el realizado por el Programa Internacional de Encuestas Sociales en 2008 y el de la Encuesta Mundial de Valores llevado a cabo entre 1999 y 2002.
Iran and the New Geopolitical Situation in the South Caucasus
Authors: Fedorovskaya I.
Published: April 2022

After the Second Karabakh War, a new geopolitical situation has developed in the South Caucasus. The serious strengthening of the positions of Azerbaijan and its ally Turkey in the region is beginning to worry neighboring countries, first of all Iran. The authorities of the Islamic Republic see this as a threat to the stability of the country, primarily in the Northeast, where ethnic Azerbaijanis live. In addition, Iran is concerned about the close ties, especially in the military sphere, between Azerbaijan and Israel. In the autumn of 2021, there was a serious aggravation in the relations between neighboring countries. Although the crisis was overcome by the efforts of diplomats, it cannot be ruled out that relations between Iran and Azerbaijan will be unstable in the future.
Byelorussian-Ukrainian Relations in 2020 – Middle of 2021
Authors: Gronsky A.
Published: April 2022

Relations between Byelorussia and Ukraine in 2020 – middle of 2021 have developed quite pragmatically. Byelorussia was interested in Ukraine as a partner to rely on in the event of a conflict with Russia. For example, Ukraine was one of the countries through which alternative oil was supplied to Byelorussia. Kiev hoped that Minsk would hand over to it the Russians detained in Byelorussia, but the protests after the presidential elections broke Ukrainian plans. Having not received the Russians, Kiev decided on a policy towards Byelorussia and aligned itself with the West.
Industrial Policy of the EAEU Countries: Together or Apart?
Authors: Krivogouz M. , Fesenko D.
Published: April 2022

The article analyses the problems of coordination of national industry policies of the EAEU member states. Based on the detailed studies of the cooperative goods market of the Union, the industries with the highest potential for cooperation are specified.
Revitalization of Fiqh Al-Bi'ah in the Implementation of Green Banking for Islamic Bank
Authors: Fad Mohammad Farid
Published: April 2022

The banking industry can play a role in a balanced manner between economic growth and environmental protection. This kind of banking is called green banking, a banking system that operates its business based on the principles of sustainable development to carry out environmentally friendly practices and reduce the carbon footprint of banking operations. This study aims to understand the philosophy of green banking and its implementation in an effort to revitalize the values of fiqh al-bi'ah. The type of method used in this research is a qualitative method. Meanwhile, in the analysis, researchers used descriptive-analytical methods to systematically analyze and analyze facts that are accurate and accurate. This study found that in green banking practice there is harmony with the principles of environmental fiqh, namely in the management of environmental preservation obligations. With carbon emission policies and financing of environmentally friendly projects, green banking can play a dual role, namely supporting national development and economic growth against mafsadat by protecting the environment from arbitrary exploration and exploitation activities.
The Effect of Cost Accounting Information on Islamic Social Reporting Disclosure of Indonesia Sharia Listed Companies
Authors: Wicaksono Muhammad Adi
Published: April 2022

The focus of this study is to determine the factors that affect the level of disclosure of Islamic Social Reporting (ISR) in sharia public companies that constituent of Jakarta Islamic Index (JII) in the 2016-2017 period. The sample is selected using purposive sampling method, obtained a sample 26 companies. Methods of data analysis in this research using multiple linear regression, t test, F test, classic assumption and the coefficient of determination. This result shows that the number of commissioner has positive significant influences to ISR. The portion of Cost Of Good Sold (COGS) against total operational cost, has positive significant influences to ISR. While firm size has no effect at all on ISR disclosure level. The findings conclude that operational cost take significant factor to ISR. The sharia public companies should give more attention to share the important of cost accounting information. The sharia investor in Indonesia needs sufficient disclousure of operational cost structure of sharia public companies.
Comparative Study of Credit Risk, Liquidity Risk, and Market Risk in Banking in Indonesia, Malaysia, and Thailand
Authors: Prasetyandari Cici Widya , Billah Zahida I’tisoma
Published: April 2022

The purpose of this study was to determine the differences in financial risk in several banks in Indonesia, Malaysia and Thailand. The population of this research is all commercial banks in Indonesia, Malaysia and Thailand. The sample selection technique used is purposive sampling. The analytical tool in this study is a comparative analysis with the Kruskal-Willis test. The results showed that there were significant differences in the NPL, LDR, and NIM variables of banking in Indonesia, Malaysia and Thailand.
Penerapan Kompilasi Hukum Islam pada Peradilan Agama dalam Perkara Hadhonah dan Eksekusi Putusannya
Authors:   Pengadilan Tinggi Agama Kalimantan Tengah, Lutfi Lutfi , Muallim Amir ,   Universitas Islam Indonesia
Published: April 2022

Kompilasi Hukum Islam (KHI) merupakan hukum terapan pada peradilan agama namun kedudukannya lemah karena berbentuk Instuksi Presiden (INPRES). INPRES tidak masuk dalam sumber hukum dan tata urutan peraturan perundang-undangan di Indonesia. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis argumentasi bahwa KHI yang berbentuk INPRES dapat dijadikan sebagai hukum terapan pada peradilan agama sehingga menghasilkan suatu putusan dan menemukan cara untuk melaksanakan eksekusi perkara hadhonah. Tujuan lainnya adalah menemukan konsep baru yang sejalan dengan tujuan ditegakkannya hukum secara akumulatif. Penelitian ini menggunakan studi kasus Putusan Pengadilan Agama Jakarta Selatan yang banding ke Pengadilan Tinggi Agama DKI Jakarta Tahun 2010-2013. Jenis penelitian ini adalah yuridis normatif, yuridis empiris dan historis yang besifat deskriptif analisis kritis. Hasil temuan dianalisis dengan Teori Putusan Hakim, Teori Eksekusi, Teori Keadilan Hukum, Teori Maslahah al Mursalah dan Teori Kepastian Hukum. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa hakim Pengadilan Agama Jakarta Selatan, telah menggunakan KHI sebagai hukum terapan, meskipun bentuknya INPRES. Ketua Pengadilan Agama Jakarta Selatan juga melaksanakan eksekusi putusan perkara hadhonah, meskipun obyeknya adalah orang (anak) bukan barang. Hanya saja penerapan putusan ini terfokus pada kepastian hukum, tanpa mempertimbangkan adanya kemanfaatan dan keadilan yang merupakan esensi dari tujuan hukum. Penelitian ini mengajukan solusi berupa Teori Akumulasi Tujuan Hukum yang menjamin keadilan dan kemanfaatan serta kepastian hukum yang merupakan tujuan hukum dapat tercapai secara bersamaan dan sekaligus.
Reinterpretation of Tarekat and the Teachings of Sufism According to Said Nursi
Authors:   Hayrat Foundation, Sahin Cemal , Asroor Zaimul ,   Sekolah Pascasarjana UIN Jakarta
Published: April 2022

In this modern-contemporary era, Muslims are often faced with the question, “Is it necessary to follow the teachings of the tarekat? Didn’t the tarekat (especially after al-Ghazali criticized the philosophical tradition) cause Muslims to decline and lose their critical power?” Moreover, some sufism teachings such as wahdatul wujud, wahdatus syuhud etc. Often considered as deviating from the pure teachings of Islam, especially by the Wahabi group. In order to answer some of these questions, the writer tries to present how Said Nursi responds in the interpretation of Risalah Nur. Nursi said that, "The present time is not the time of the tarekat." If it is not understood comprehensively, it will cause the reader to be inaccurate in concluding that generally Nursi rejects tarekat and some sufism teachings. That is why the writer wants to present which side of the teachings of tarekat and sufism that Nursi criticizes and what is his new offer. The research method that the author uses is library research with a socio-historical and descriptive-analysis approach using Risalah Nur as the primary source and several supporting books that are still related to the theme as a secondary source. The writer finds that sufism and tarekat are still important parts of Islamic teachings according to Nursi. But, he believes that what is more important now is to understand well the essense of religion rather than following the sufism path. He also concludes that the peak stage of sufism is ma’rifatullah.
Deviasi Seksual Sebagai Alasan Perceraian Perspektif Hukum Islam
Authors:   Yayasan Azzahro Kajen Margoyoso, Badawi Ah. , Nasution Khoiruddin ,   UIN Sunan Kalijaga
Published: April 2022

Penelitian ini membahas deviasi seksual sebagai alasan perceraian dalam perspektif hukum Islam. Penelitian ini termasuk studi pustaka dalam filsafat Islam yang membicarakan tema hukum tertentu, dengan mengusung deviasi seksual sebagai objek materiilnya, dan keseluruhan konsep alasan perceraian dalam hukum Islam sebagai objek formalnya. Proses analisa data dalam penelitian ini secara umum menerapkan pendekatan normatif dan pendekatan sistematis-filosofis. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa thalaq (perceraian) yang dilakukan oleh pasangan suami-istri harus didasarkan pada suatu alasan yang dapat diterima oleh syara dan urf (adat). Berdasarkan pada Surat Al-Baqarah Ayat 229, perceraian dalam Islam hanya boleh dilakukan jika ada kekhawatiran atau ketakutan akan melanggar batasan-batasan yang telah digariskan oleh Allah Swt. apabila pernikahan tersebut tetap dipertahankan. Deviasi seksual dapat dijadikan alasan perceraian jika terdapat salah satu dari empat kriteria berikut: (1) jika deviasi seksual tersebut dapat menghalangi seseorang untuk berhubungan seksual dengan pasangannya; (2) jenis deviasi seksual termasuk dalam kategori perilaku-perilaku yang buruk; (3) jika deviasi seksual tersebut adalah perbuatan yang dilarang oleh Allah Swt; (4) jika deviasi seksual yang dilakukan oleh seseorang dapat menimbulkan munculnya kekhawatiran pasangannya apabila terjerumus dalam hal-hal yang melenceng dari batasan-batasan yang telah ditentukan oleh Allah Swt.
Cuba na OEA
Authors: Lessa Antônio Carlos
Published: April 2022

A Organização dos Estados Americanos abriu caminho para o possível retorno de Cuba Ã  organização, pondo fim Ã  medida que por 47 anos baniu os países comunistas e era o mais importante sinal do isolamento de Cuba na região.