bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Familial Pattern of Multiple Idiopathic Cervical Root Resorption With a 30‐Year Follow‐Up
Authors: Neely Anthony L. , Thumbigere‐Math Vivek , Somerman Martha J. , Foster Brian L.
Published: November 2015

Background: Multiple idiopathic cervical root resorption (MICRR) is a rare entity distinct from pathologic root resorption that occurs as a result of several local and systemic factors.

Methods: This report describes a familial pattern of MICRR, including a recently identified case and a 30‐year follow‐up on previously described cases.

Results: The previously reported father (aged 95 years) and son (aged 64 years), and the recently affected daughter (aged 61 years) recounted non‐contributory medical history. The resorptive lesions were asymptomatic, unassociated with any predisposing factors, and first identified during the fourth to sixth decades of life. All tooth types were affected, with posterior teeth being affected earlier and with greater frequency; however, distal root surfaces were never affected. The resorptive lesions were progressive in nature, with additional teeth becoming involved as the condition was followed over time. In many instances, surrounding alveolar bone extended into the existing resorptive defects, but without clinical evidence of ankylosis. Gingival tissues, periodontal probing, and tooth mobility were within normal limits. Microcomputed tomography of extracted teeth demonstrated that the lesions were more extensive than clinically evident and rarely invaded the pulp chamber. Histologically, many resorptive lesions were noted along the cementum surface, with evidence of isolated cemental repair. Management of MICRR focused on restoring damaged root surfaces and extracting teeth with extensive root resorption.

Conclusions: MICRR is a challenging entity with unknown etiology and a lack of well‐established preventive and management strategies. The familial pattern noted in this report necessitates future studies to investigate the role of genetic components in MICRR development.
Improving Adolescent Parenting: Results From a Randomized Controlled Trial of a Home Visiting Program for Young Families
Authors: Jacobs Francine , Easterbrooks M. Ann , Goldberg Jessica , Mistry Jayanthi , Bumgarner Erin , Raskin Maryna , Fosse Nathan , Fauth Rebecca
Published: November 2015

Objectives. Our aim was to estimate the effects of Healthy Families Massachusetts, a statewide home visiting program serving first-time adolescent parents, on parenting, child development, educational attainment, family planning, and maternal health and well-being.

Methods. We used a randomized controlled trial design to randomly assign the 704 participants to a group receiving home visiting services or a control group. Between 2008 and 2012, telephone and in-person interviews were conducted and administrative data obtained at 12 and 24 months after enrollment. Intention-to-treat analyses compared group differences across 5 outcome domains: parenting, child health and development, educational and economic achievement, family planning, and parental health and well-being.

Results. The home visiting program had a positive influence on parenting stress, college attendance, condom use, intimate partner violence, and engagement in risky behaviors. No negative findings were observed.

Conclusions. A paraprofessional home visiting program specifically targeting young mothers appears effective in domains of particular salience to young parents and their infants and toddlers. Expanding participation in the program appears a worthy goal for program administrators and policymakers.
A Variant Rockwood-Type Traumatic Inferior Acromioclavicular Joint Separation without Concomitant Fracture
Authors: Ulstrup Anton M. , Reinhold Michael , Falster Otto
Published: November 2015

Case:

A left inferior acromioclavicular joint separation, which followed a fall from a mountain bicycle resulting in a violent axial thrust to the shoulder, was treated with open reduction and internal fixation. Results at thirteen months of follow-up were good, with a Constant shoulder score of 97 of 100 and a Western Ontario Rotator Cuff Index of 97.5%. Radiographs showed no signs of recurrent instability.

Conclusion:

Operative treatment of this rare shoulder girdle injury can yield good results.
Cuboid-Navicular Tarsal Coalition in an Adolescent Female Athlete
Authors: Kamiya Tomoaki , Watanabe Kota , Teramoto Atsushi , Yamashita Toshihiko
Published: November 2015

Case:

A fourteen-year-old female shot-putter developed midfoot pain with activity that initially responded to nonoperative care. However, the symptoms subsequently returned and became persistent. Advanced imaging demonstrated a fibrous cuboid-navicular tarsal coalition. Surgical resection of the tarsal coalition was performed when the patient was seventeen years old, and she returned to sports activities postoperatively with no pain.

Conclusion:

Although fibrous cuboid-navicular tarsal coalition is a very rare condition, it should be considered as one cause of persistent midfoot pain in an adolescent athlete. Surgical resection of the tarsal coalition can lead to a resolution of symptoms.
Alkaptonuria-Associated Changes in Disc Degeneration
Authors: Gruber Helen E. , Hanley Edward N.
Published: November 2015

Case:

A thirty-nine-year-old man with alkaptonuria presented with low back pain. Imaging demonstrated lumbar scoliosis, extensive irregularities of end-plate vertebral margins, and Thompson Grade-V disc degeneration. Six months later, the patient returned with a herniated L2-L3 disc. Minimally invasive disc surgery was performed, and harvested disc tissue showed marked extracellular matrix changes and ochronotic pigment deposits.

Conclusion:

Scattered previous literature is available regarding disc changes in alkaptonuria. Although rare, alkaptonuria appears to severely impact the disc as reflected by cellular and matrix inclusions that contribute to disc-cell pathology.
Town planning parameters in the function of building energy efficiency
Authors: Bogdanovic-Protic Ivana , Mitkovic Mihailo
Published: November 2015

Energy efficient building is that consuming the least energy while providing
comfort. The energy consumption of buildings, in general, as well as in
Serbia, is among other things conditioned by the heating, cooling and
lighting requirements with a goal of achieving of thermal and light comfort.
Heating energy consumption is the result of heat loss and gain, and their
values, in addition to other parameters, depend on town planning parameters.
The paper focuses on the comparative analysis of impact of building different
exposures to wind as well as on impact of the different prevailing
orientations on energy efficiency of buildings.
Innovative structural CLT system in projecting and building of student houses
Authors: Cvetkovic Radovan , Stojic Dragoslav , Krasic Sonja , Markovic Nemanja
Published: November 2015

The University campuses represent a dominant type of organization of the
living activities of students. Buildings and common features, were usually
built, in a classical manner. This means that majority of the student living
complexes was built in the massive and skeletal structural systems of
concrete and steel. This paper deals with the possibilities, advantages and
examples of an innovative structural system, named CLT or XLAM system. The
XLAM system was developed in Germany around 12 years ago and it has been
rapidly spreading in most European countries such as Austria, Switzerland,
Italy and Nordic Countries. It is a European innovative timber based material
in which timber boards, made of domestic timber species are assembled in
layers and glued together crosswise in order to form massive timber wall and
floor panels characterized by significant mechanical properties. Such type of
structural system can serve as a models for construction of residential,
commercial and student facilities in Serbia.
Preferences and perspectives of sustainability in informal Roma settlements
Authors: Grbic Milena
Published: November 2015

The intent of the article is to highlight the fact that Roma
micro-environments contain as part of their context certain social and
cultural premises, embodied in spatial forms and informal settlement
construction manners that all together correspond with the principles of
sustainable architecture. Methodologically, the article begins with the idea
that the informal Roma settlements were built by the Romani, without an
explicit professional influence and represent a quality induced by the need
to functionally organize a community where everyday activities take place.
Hence, the physical entities and the construction techniques in the
settlements are the objects of research on knowledge and skills of a
community in which the individuals are connected horizontally and
hierarchically and can thus achieve positive relations inevitable for such
realization. In that manner, it is possible to systematize inside a
settlement a base of characters of physical structure as completed individual
and group knowledge and potentials for further, acceptable advancements in
that area of construction. The purpose of the paper is in drawing the
attention to very concrete resources of the Roma community which should, with
a gradual increase of capacities, be taken into account during the
realization of the projects themselves and during the organized self-build
and self-help processes as well as the process of housing condition
advancement in the settlements. In a broader sense, the reduction of cost for
the Romani has the potential to reduce a social distance towards them,
especially in the Western Balkans where a significant portion of the
population faces the same financial limits when it comes to housing
advancement.
The influence of NaCl-induced stress on the growth and volatile profile of Curcuma longa L. leaves
Authors: Singh Shweta , Pal Mahesh , Kumar Anil , Sharma S.K. , Tewari Shri
Published: November 2015

Herein, for the first time, the influence of salt-induced stress on the
vegetative growth and the volatile profile of Curcuma longa L. leaves was
investigated. C. longa was grown in a quarter-strength Hoagland?s solution to
which NaCl was added to give four final concentrations: 0 (control), 25, 50
or 75 mM NaCl. In the case of the plants grown in the 25 mM NaCl medium, leaf
biomass production was the same as in the control experiment, but it
decreased significantly at higher salinities (50 mM and 75 mM NaCl). The
volatile constituents of the leaves were isolated by hydrodistillation and
analyzed by GC and GC/MS. The essential-oil yield (calculated on the basis of
dry weight) was 2.0% for the control plants, and increased at low-to-medium
NaCl concentrations (2.5% and 2.8% for the 25 and 50 mM NaCl media,
respectively). Contrary to that, the essential-oil yield decreased (1.6%) in
the case of plants grown in the 75 mM NaCl medium. The major volatile
constituents of C. longa leaves were identified as: ?-phellandrene
(38.3-42.4%; more than one third of the total oil), terpinene-4-ol
(5.6-10.5%), geraniol (5.6-7.9%), p-cymene (5.2-9.6%), ?-thujene (4.5-7.3%),
?-sesquiphellandrene (4.8-6.8%), ?-myrcene (2.6-3.8%) and ?-bisabolol
(1.5-2.7%).
DTM models to enhance planning of timber harvesting
Authors: Djuka Andreja , Porsinsky Tomislav , Vusic Dinko
Published: November 2015

This paper studies the applicability of DTM with the resolution of 4 ? 4 m
for the analysis of macro-topographic factors (terrain slope, aspect, terrain
ruggedness index) and one part of micro-topographic factors (occasional and
constant streams) as features important for vehicle mobility during timber
skidding. The analysis of directions of timber extraction in relation to the
spatial position of primary forest traffic infrastructure of the study area
was conducted in order to determine from which forest areas timber will be
extracted up or down the slope (moving of loaded vehicle). Determination of
water bodies (streams) and the surrounding sensitive areas was carried out
using GIS tool TauDEM. Unevenness of the terrain was determined based on the
Terrain Ruggedness Index (TRI) which showed moderately to very rugged terrain
on 60.1% of the research area where vehicle mobility could be difficult (if
not impossible) i.e. the necessity of a secondary forest road network is
clear. DTM analysis of study area regarding vehicle (skidder) mobility and
possible planning of timber extraction indicated different availability and
quality of data. Digital terrain models present a good basis for the analysis
of key constraints for forestry vehicles mobility or terrain trafficability
(slope and direction of timber extraction). Using DTM of higher resolution
(e.g. LiDAR images), will increase the accuracy of the results and the
quality of the analysis.
An analysis of briquette value chain at the Limsko forest area
Authors: Rankovic Nenad , Nonic Dragan , Nedeljkovic Jelena , Music Aleksandar
Published: November 2015

Value creation represents an increase in the value of assets in the
manufacturing process. Business processes that lead to value creation can be
presented as a value chain. For wood products, total value creation takes
place in the complex processes of production and exchange between forestry
and timber industry. The research on the use of biomass for energy purposes
is increasing in recent decades. Within the research on value chain, in our
country were, to less extent were represented those related to woody biomass
products. In this sense, the aim of the research is to determine the
organization of woody biomass products (briquettes) value chain and its
analysis in the Limsko forest area. A ?door-to-door? survey was used as a
research technique. Data collection was conducted in the period from April to
May of 2013. In total, 19 representatives of enterprises, which are
participants in the woody biomass products value chain in the Limsko forest
area were surveyed. Manufacturing enterprise, located in Nova Varos, was
analysed as the main participant in this chain. In addition, its suppliers
(15), wholesaler (1), retailer (1), and consumer (1) were analysed. The
manufacturing enterprise exclusively used raw material produced in sawmills.
The results indicate that an increase in value occurs, primarily, during the
transportation of raw materials from sawmill to the manufacturing enterprise.
The next increase in value occurs during the storage of raw materials within
the manufacturing enterprise and with the emergence of new stages in the
production process, as well as during the transportation of products to the
wholesaler, retailer and consumer.
Morphology and adsorption of chromium ion on uranium 1,2,4,5-benzenetetracarboxylic acid metal organic framework (MOF)
Authors: Vala Remy , Wankasi Donbebe , Dikio Ezekiel
Published: November 2015

In this paper, we report the synthesis of metal organic framework of uranium
1,2,4,5-benzene tetracarboxylic acid (U-H4btec MOF) by solvothermal method.
The obtained MOF was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy
(FTIR), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Transmission electron microscopy
(TEM), X-ray diffraction spectroscopy (XRD), Energy dispersive spectroscopy
(EDS), thermogravimetric and differential thermogravimetric analysis
(TGA/DTA). The morphology of the uranium 1,2,4,5-benzene tetracarboxylic acid
MOF observed by SEM, revealed the presence of flaky porous structure.
Adsorption of Cr3+ from aqueous solution onto the uranium 1,2,4,5-benzene
tetracarboxylic acid MOF was systematically studied. Langmuir and Freundlich
adsorption isotherms were applied to determine the adsorption capacity of the
MOF to form a monolayer. Kinetic determination of the adsorption of Cr3+
suggested both chemisorption and physisorption probably due to the presence
of carbonyl groups within the MOF and its porous structure.
Aspects of butterfly zoogeography of some Pannonian island mountains
Authors: Jaksic Predrag
Published: November 2015

Specific geology and tectonic history of the Pannonian plain is pointed out.
Lower mountains and hills, specific to the area, are highlighted. They most
likely were islands in the period of Paratethys and Pannonian Sea: Mal?
Karpaty, Vertes, Bakony, Mec?sek, Medvednica, Papuk, Fruska Gora and Avala. A
head-to-head comparison has been done as well as a comparison with the site
Moh?cs, a typical plain habitat in the Pannonian plain. The existence of
specific elements of butterfly fauna of island mountains is dis?cussed.
According to the existing data from literature, the list of 163 butterfly
species in explored area has been made. The degree of similarity between the
explored island mountains has been calculated. A conclusion has been made
about their faunal and zoogeographical liaison.
Coxsackievirus B5 Infection Induces Dysregulation of microRNAs Predicted to Target Known Type 1 Diabetes Risk Genes in Human Pancreatic Islets
Authors: Kim Ki Wook , Ho Andy , Alshabee-Akil Ammira , Hardikar Anandwardhan A. , Kay Thomas W.H. , Rawlinson William D. , Craig Maria E.
Published: November 2015

Extensive research has identified enterovirus (EV) infections as key environmental triggers of type 1 diabetes. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms via which EVs contribute to the pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes remain unclear. Given that EVs dysregulate host microRNAs (miRNAs), which function as key regulators of β-cell biology, we investigated the impact of coxsackievirus B5 (CVB5) infection on the cellular expression of miRNAs within human islets. Using high-throughput quantitative PCR nanofluidics arrays, the expression of 754 miRNAs was examined in CVB5-infected human pancreatic islets. In total, 33 miRNAs were significantly dysregulated (≥ threefold difference) in the infected compared with control islets (P < 0.05). Subsequently, these differentially expressed miRNAs were predicted to target mRNAs of 57 known type 1 diabetes risk genes that collectively mediate various biological processes, including the regulation of cell proliferation, cytokine production, the innate immune response, and apoptosis. In conclusion, we report the first global miRNA expression profiling of CVB5-infected human pancreatic islets. We propose that EVs disrupt the miRNA-directed suppression of proinflammatory factors within β-cells, thereby resulting in an exacerbated antiviral immune response that promotes β-cell destruction and eventual type 1 diabetes.
Mental Health Workers’ Views on Addressing Tobacco Use
Authors: Ashton Maxie , Lawn Sharon , Hosking Jessica R.
Published: November 2015

Objective: The aims of this study were to assess mental health workers’ attitudes to addressing tobacco dependence with patients, to identify barriers that may prevent people with mental illness from receiving support, and determine workers’ recommendations for tobacco policy and practice change.

Method: Questionnaires were sent to government and non-government mental health services in Adelaide, South Australia. The questionnaires asked workers to rate on a Likert rating scale their attitudes to addressing tobacco use with patients and to respond to qualitative questions about managing tobacco use within mental health services. Quantitative data were analysed using SPSS version 15.0 and qualitative data was coded by three researchers into categories or themes and then analysed.

Results: Questionnaires (324) were received from staff across 45 organizations providing clinical and psychosocial services. More than two thirds of the participants felt it was important for mental health services to be involved in assisting patients to quit smoking; however, only 26% said they raised the issue of tobacco use with patients, often or as part of the assessment. Respondents on average felt approximately one third of their patients could quit or reduce tobacco use if they received nicotine replacement therapy, information and support. Most workers suggested changes to policy and practice within mental health services including smoke free areas and the provision of information and support.

Discussion: The rate of tobacco use amongst people with mental illness is still very high with serious social and health consequences. Mental health workers are uniquely placed to assist patients to quit or reduce tobacco use. This study has shown many workers believe that it is important to address tobacco use with their patients as part of routine care and that mental health services should implement significant tobacco policy and practice change.
Paediatric diaphyseal femur fracture treated with intramedullary titanium elastic nail system
Authors: Thapa Shrawan Kumar , Poudel Krishna Prasad , Marasini Rudra Prasad , Dhakal Shankar , Shrestha Robin
Published: November 2015

noBackground & Objectives: Over the few years there has been a marked increase in the use of intramedullary fixation in the management of fracture of shaft of femur in children. The goals should be to stabilize the fracture, to control length and alignment, to promote bone healing and to minimize the morbidity and complications for the child. In this prospective study we intend to evaluate the functional and radiological outcome of diaphyseal fracture of shaft of femur treated with elastic intramedullary nail.Materials & Methods: All 56 patients with diaphyseal fracture shaft of femur were treated with titanium elastic nail and followed for period of 32 weeks.Results: The In this study, outcome was assessed by using Flynn’s criteria of titanium flexible nail outcome score and we found excellent result in 49 cases, satisfactory in six cases and poor in one case. We faced one major complication in form of implant failure and six minor complications inform of superficial wound infection.Conclusion: Elastic intramedullary nail used in treatment of diaphyseal fracture shaft of femur yield excellent functional and radiological outcome. It is easy and simple procedure has low rate of complication. It is physeal-protective, cost effective, does not involve heavy instrumentation and can be performed in small set up. It has minimal risk of infection and no risk of injury to the neurovascular structure.JCMS Nepal. 2015; 11(2):20-22
Influences of Cross-Sectional Design Elements at Urban Arterial Driveway Locations
Authors: Zhou Yanfen , Dixon Karen K. , Gattis J. L.
Published: November 2015

This paper presents a study on the influences of select cross-sectional design elements—specifically median configurations and bicycle lanes—and their impact on crash severity and type as well as the associated driver gap acceptance for turning maneuvers at midblock driveway locations on urban arterials. The primary goal of this research is to better understand how median and bicycle lane configurations can influence safety and operations at driveway locations. The authors used crash data, traffic data, and roadway information from driveway locations in Oregon, Arkansas, and Oklahoma. The data were supplemented with digital videos from field studies of the sites. These traffic videos helped to better understand how road features and traffic influenced driver behavior at selected urban arterial driveway locations. Gap acceptance studies were conducted to determine critical gaps for driveway locations at arterial roads with and without bicycle lanes. Four critical gap analysis methods were evaluated to estimate driveway operations and noted potential procedural biases associated with two of the techniques. The paper describes these field studies and summarizes how gap acceptance varied at different arterial driveway locations. Simulation analysis in CORSIM (Version 6.3) examined the influence of median type, traffic volume, and access density on traffic operational performance.
Use of Access Travel Time to Estimate the Impact of Driveway Restrictions on Corner Lot Developments
Authors: Brown Lacy S. , Dixon Karen K.
Published: November 2015

The types of data needed to assess the economic impacts of access management treatments on businesses, such as net profits or tax revenue, are difficult to obtain in a consistent and reliable manner. As a result, most research efforts on the topic have used subjective data collected through surveys and interviews, as well as less direct data variables, such as long-term land values. Although these efforts are valuable and insightful, their findings are difficult to apply to small-scale access decisions about a specific parcel of land. It is assumed that the travel time required to access a development is a contributing factor in the decision to patronize a business. Therefore, these travel time values could be a useful measure in evaluating potential effects of access management decisions on specific developments. This study used microsimulation to explore the use of travel time into and out of a corner lot development as a measure of the potential impact of driveway restrictions on business vitality. Results indicated that when only one access point was provided, a driveway on the minor road required less travel time than a driveway on the major road, although the relative difference in travel times decreased as volume decreased. In addition, under many of the scenarios tested, the provision of additional access (either additional driveways or fewer movement restrictions) did not reduce the amount of time required for potential customers to access a corner lot development.
Food Safety in Bangladesh
Authors: Ali Md Yusuf
Published: November 2015

Abstract not availableFaridpur Med. Coll. J. 2014;9(2): 60
Nebulization by Isotonic Magnesium Sulphate Solution with Salbutamol Provide Early and Better Response as Compared to Conventional Approach (Salbutamol Plus Normal Saline) in Acute Exacerbation of Asthma in Children.
Authors: Akter Tahmina , Islam Md Nazrul , Hoque Mohammad Azizul , Khanam Suraya , Khan Husnea Ara , Saha Bijoy Kumar
Published: November 2015

Asthma attacks are serious respiratory problem that can be lethal when not treated appropriately. Till today the main stay of therapy is short acting ß2-agonist. Unfortunately in acute asthma episodes this is not enough to relieve the bronchospasm and reduce dyspnea. The shortcoming of ß2-agonist therapy has resulted in the use of a variety of other treatment in the management of acute asthma. The use of magnesium sulphate is one of the recent treatment options. This study was done to compare the efficacy of nebulized salbutamol with magnesium sulphate versus salbutamol with normal saline in the treatment of acute exacerbation of asthma in children. This randomized controlled trial was carried out among 60 patients with acute exacerbation of bronchial asthma fulfilling the inclusion criteria, admitted in the department of Paediatrics, Mymensingh Medical College Hospital over a period of one year from January 2009 to December 2009. They were distributed randomly, 30 patients received nebulized salbutamol (0.15mg/kg; minimum dose 2.5mg) with 2.0 ml of isotonic magnesium sulphate solution and another 30 patients received the same dose of salbutamol with 2.0 ml of normal saline on 3 occasions at 20 minute intervals. With single dose of nebulization in the magnesium sulphate with salbutamol group, by 20 minute almost all 26 (86.7%) patients achieved at least 60% of predicted PEFR. Within 20 minute from control group none could achieve 60% of predicted PEFR. After second dose of nebulization control group started achieving 60% of predicted value. Regarding response criteria, with second dose of nebulization, at 40 minute 16 (53.3%) patient from magnesium sulphate with salbutamol group showed good response (PEFR>70% predicted). But within the first 40 minutes, none could show good response in control group. With 3rd dose of nebulization all from magnesium sulphate group showed good response but even at 60 minute, 5 (16.7%) patients in control group failed to be included as good responder. In conclusion, nebulization by isotonic magnesium sulphate solution with salbutamol provide early and better response as compared to conventional approach (salbutamol plus normal saline) in acute exacerbation of asthma in children.Faridpur Med. Coll. J. 2014;9(2): 61-67
Depression among Urban Adolescent Students of Some Selected Schools
Authors: Billah Syed Muhammad Baqui , Khan Farzana Islam
Published: November 2015

To determine the factors related with depression among adolescent students, 165 male adolescent students aged 15 to 19 years from 2 urban schools and colleges were interviewed with semi-structured questionnaire during January to June 2012.The socio demographic details, smoking and depression histories were recorded. The Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) was used to measure the presence of depression. Smoking behavior was measured by a number of questions. Almost 49% respondents were depressed and 66% were smokers. Most of the respondents started smoking around the age of 14.3 years (54.1%) by the influence of their friends. Among the smokers 82.7% were depressed while 17.3% were depressed among nonsmokers (?2=19.69, p=<0.001). Parental smoking affected 62.5% respondents for depression against 59.4% normal respondents whose parents were non smokers (?2=7.52, p=.006). Domestic violence (?2=18.4, p=<0.001), familial disharmony (?2=18.44, p=0.001), stressful events in the life (?2=21.38, p=<0.001), failure in love (?2=12.6, p=0.002) also played roles for depression. After adjusting the non significant factors in logistic regression, familial disharmony (p<0.001), smoking (p=0.005) and stress (p=0.04) became significant factors associated with depression. Depression level was higher among adolescent smoker than nonsmoker students.Faridpur Med. Coll. J. 2014;9(2): 73-75
Death due to Poisoning - a Medicolegal Study at Dhaka Medical College, Dhaka
Authors: Ahmad Mushtaq , Rahman Farial Naima , Islam Md Mozaharul , Majumder Md Rakib Uddin
Published: November 2015

Self destruction or suicide by pesticide poisoning is a burning problem of Bangladesh. Rapid development in science and rapid growth in agricultural activities has led to the increase in the incidences of poisoning. The objective of this study was to find out the incidences and pattern of poisoning in an urban area, different aspects of poisoning along with demographic pattern, social factors related and other related perimeter, and modality to prevent loss of precious life due to poisoning. This retrospective cross sectional study was conducted among victims of poisoning at Dhaka Medical College, Dhaka Morgue during the period of January 2008-December 2009. Specific identification of poisons was made from Chemical Examiner's report. All the data were later on analyzed. A total of 5114 medico legal post mortems were performed during this study period. Among these 300 (5.87%) cases were suspected poisoning. Out of these cases specific poisons were identified in 131 (43.66%) cases. Among the detected poisoning cases OPC was the commonest agent 103 (78.63%) followed by alcohol/rectified spirit 12 (9.16%) and barbiturate 7 (5.34%). No poison was detected (Negative results) in 116 (38.66%) cases and no reports from chemical examiner were received in 53 (17.66%) cases during the study period. Out of 300 victims 174 (58%) were male and 126 (42%) were female. Highest incidence of poisoning was observed in 21-30 years age group 117 (39%) followed by age group of 31-40 years 84 (28%). Most of the victims were agricultural workers/ farmers 108 (36%) followed by housewives 51 (17%). Among the study subjects 178 (59.33%) were illiterate and 198 (66%) were married. Considering manner of death 274 (91.33%) victims committed suicide by poisoning and rests 26 (8.67%) were due to accidental poisoning. To reduce poisoning cases proper emphasis should be given for safe use of pesticides and consciousness should be created among the population about poisonous compounds. Detail study regarding death due to poisoning is required to be carried out in this country.Faridpur Med. Coll. J. 2014;9(2): 76-79
Circadian Variation in Frequency of Stroke in Bangladesh: a Hospital Based Cross Sectional Study
Authors: Hossain Ahmed Manadir , Saha Radheshyam , Tarafder Binoy Krishna , Salam Md Abdus , Islam Md Rafiqul , Saleh Mohammed Abayedeen , Rahman Mahbubur
Published: November 2015

A hospital based cross sectional study was carried out to analyze diurnal variation of stroke and their association to sleep awake cycle. Four hundred and two patients of stroke admitted in different Medicine Units of Faridpur Medical College and Dhaka Medical College Hospitals from July 2012 to June 2013 were chosen using purposive sampling technique. Enrolled patients were with their first stroke, subsequently proved by CT scan of brain. The initial clinical diagnosis of stroke was made from history and examination obtained from the patient himself or from his/her attendant. The time of onset of stroke was recorded by attending doctor at the time of assessment and recorded on a fixed proforma. Patient who could not give history properly or had no responsible attendant and who had history of head injury, intracranial space occupying lesion or bleeding disorder were excluded from the study. Age ranged from 25 years to 98 years with mean age of 62.02 years (±SD 11.75 years). Out of 402 patients 59.7% suffered from ischemic stroke. Highest incidence of stroke (26.9%) occurred between 4:01am to 8:00 am and lowest (7.5%) between 8:01 pm to 12:00 am. Among the subtypes, ischaemic stroke has shown a single peak incidence at 4:01 to 8:00 am and lowest between 8:01 pm to 12:00 am. 50 % of ischaemic stroke cases developed between 0:01 am to 8:00 am. In this study, maximum number of patients developed hemorrhagic stroke between 4:01 am to 8:00 am (25.9%) and lowest number developed hemorrhagic stroke between 12:01 pm to 4:00 pm (9.3%). This study confirms the diurnal variation of both hemorrhagic and ischaemic stroke in Bangladesh and most of them occurs in early morning after wakening.Faridpur Med. Coll. J. 2014;9(2): 80-83
Laparoscopic Versus Open Appendicectomy: A Comparison of Primary Outcome
Authors: Rahman Md Mazedur , Rahman Md Siddiqur , Ahmed Guljar , Rahman Md Mushfiqur , Miah Md Zohirul Islam , Nath Samiron Chandra
Published: November 2015

Currently, laparoscopic appendectomy is widely practiced for the management of acute appendicitis. It is not clear whether open or laparoscopic appendectomy is more appropriate. Our aim was to compare the safety and the advantages of laparoscopic versus open appendectomy in a prospective study. 102 patients were participated in this study. The group 1 patients were subjected to laparoscopic appendectomy [LA], whereas the group 2 patients were subjected to open appendectomy [OA]. 46 patients included in LA group and 54 patients in OA group. The mean operative time for LA and OA was 84.4 (45-220) minutes and 59 (30-180) minutes respectively. Although LA was associated with a shorter hospital stay [LA-3.5 days versus OA-5 days] but duration of operation is prolong in LA than OA and the postoperative wound infection is significantly higher in OA than LA. LA is safe and superior to OA in respect to an early discharge, lesser postoperative pain; decreased post operative wound infection, early return to work and a better cosmetic scar.Faridpur Med. Coll. J. 2014;9(2): 84-87
The Relationships between Thyroid Hormones and the Brain Serotonin (5-HT) System and Mood: Of Synergy and Significance in the Adult Brain- A Review
Authors: Rahman Md Hafizur , Ali Md Yusuf
Published: November 2015

The use of thyroid hormones as an effective adjunct treatment for affective disorders has been studied over the past three decades and has been conformed repeatedly. Interaction of the thyroid and monoamine neurotransmitter systems has been suggested as a potential underline mechanism of action. While catecholamine and thyroid interrelationships have been reviewed in detail, the serotonin system has been relatively neglected. Thus, the goal of this article is to review the literature on the relationship between thyroid hormones and the brain serotonin (5-HT) system. In humans, neuroendocrine challenge studies in hypothyroid patients have shown a reduced 5-HT responsiveness that is reversible with replacement therapy. In the majority of the studies, the effects of thyroid hormone administration in animals will experimentally-induced hypothyroid sates include an increase in cortical 5-HT concentrations and a desensitization of auto inhibitory 5-HT1A receptors in the rap he area, resulting in disinhibition of cortical hippocampal 5-HT release. Furthermore, there is some indication that thyroid hormones may increase cortical 5-HT2 receptor sensitivity. In conclusion, there is robust evidence, particularly from animal studies, that the thyroid economy has a modulating impact in the brain serotonin system. Thus it is postulated that one mechanism, among others, through which exogenous thyroid hormones may exert their modulatory effects in affective illness is via an increase in serotonergic neurotransmission, specifically by reducing the sensitivity of 5- HT1A auto receptors in the raphe area, and by increasing 5--HT2 receptor sensitivity.Faridpur Med. Coll. J. 2014;9(2): 98-101
Eisenmenger Syndrome - a Case Report
Authors: Khan Md Isahaque Ali , Ali Sk Yunus , Hoque Mohammad Saiful
Published: November 2015

Eisenmenger syndrome (ES), the most advanced form of pulmonary arterial hypertension associated with congenital heart disease, is a devastating condition that has a considerable impact on patient's life. Patients who develop ES typically exhibit one or more of a range of cardiac defects including ventricular septal defects (VSD), atrial septal defects (ASD) and patent ductus arteriosus (PDA). The nature of the congenital defect underlying ES is important because it has prognostic implications. Early diagnosis & treatment of cardiac defect before development of pulmonary hypertension is the key to definite management, otherwise only supportive management can be offered. Our patient Mr. Abdul Khaleque, 55 years old, businessman, non diabetic, non hypertensive admitted in DAMCH, cardiac unit with the complaints of shortness of breath on exertion since childhood, bluish discoloration of nails and toes for 10 years, headache and vertigo for 2 weeks. Initially it was during severe exertion and relieved by rest. Gradually the severity of breathlessness has increased. Now he has developed NYHA class III. He had history of repeated attacks of cough with expectoration of mucoid sputum with occasional scanty amount of blood which did not foul smell and did not change with posture. We diagnose him as Eisenmenger syndrome secondary to ASD and treat him with only medical measure.Faridpur Med. Coll. J. 2014;9(2): 105-107
A Rare Case Report on Benign Recurrent Intrahepatic Cholestasis
Authors: Niaz Md Kaisar , Ahmed Dewan Saifuddin , Jannat Syeda Nur E , Masum Quazi Abdullah Al , Arifin Muhammad Sayedul , Paul Bikas Kumar , Jubaere AKM , Hossain Md Shakhawat , Sah Mukesh Prasad , Islam Md Rashidul , Sarkar Md Abdul Mumit , Titu Farid Ahmed , Arafat Md Yasir , Paul Pinaki , Islam Md Sayedul , Rahman Mizanur , Jahanger Azam , Gain Gobind , Mobin AQM , Hassan Md Naymul , Saha Birendra Nath , Haq Sayeda Tasnim
Published: November 2015

Benign recurrent intrahepatic cholestasis is an inherited and occasionally sporadic disease presents as recurrent episodes of obstructive jaundice without any obstruction in billiary channel with intervening symptom free periods. Here we are presenting a case of 20-year-old male with a recurrent jaundice and pruritus who later diagnose as BRIC.Faridpur Med. Coll. J. 2014;9(2): 108-110
Polish Scientists in Fish Immunology: A Short History
Authors: Van Muiswinkel Willem , Pilarczyk Andrzej
Published: November 2015

This review describes the role played by Polish scientists in the field of fish immunology and vaccination starting around 1900. In the early days, most publications were dealing with a description of relevant cells and organs in fish. Functional studies (phagocytosis, antibody response) came later starting in the late 1930s. Detailed papers on fish vaccination were published from 1970 onwards. Another important development was the unraveling of neuro-endocrine-immune interactions in the 1970s until today. Around 1980, it became more and more clear how important immunomodulation (stimulation or suppression by environmental factors, food components, drugs) was for fish health. The most recent findings are focusing on the discovery of genetic factors, signaling molecules, and receptors, which play a crucial role in the immune response. It can be concluded, that Polish scientists made considerable contributions to our present understanding of fish immunity and to applications in aquaculture worldwide.
Teleost Chemokines and Their Receptors
Authors: Bird Steve , Tafalla Carolina
Published: November 2015

Chemokines are a superfamily of cytokines that appeared about 650 million years ago, at the emergence of vertebrates, and are responsible for regulating cell migration under both inflammatory and physiological conditions. The first teleost chemokine gene was reported in rainbow trout in 1998. Since then, numerous chemokine genes have been identified in diverse fish species evidencing the great differences that exist among fish and mammalian chemokines, and within the different fish species, as a consequence of extensive intrachromosomal gene duplications and different infectious experiences. Subsequently, it has only been possible to establish clear homologies with mammalian chemokines in the case of some chemokines with well-conserved homeostatic roles, whereas the functionality of other chemokine genes will have to be independently addressed in each species. Despite this, functional studies have only been undertaken for a few of these chemokine genes. In this review, we describe the current state of knowledge of chemokine biology in teleost fish. We have mainly focused on those species for which more research efforts have been made in this subject, specially zebrafish (Danio rerio), rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) and catfish (Ictalurus punctatus), outlining which genes have been identified thus far, highlighting the most important aspects of their expression regulation and addressing any known aspects of their biological role in immunity. Finally, we summarise what is known about the chemokine receptors in teleosts and provide some analysis using recently available data to help characterise them more clearly.
Teenagers’ Expectations of Applying to University: How do they Change?
Authors: Anders Jake , Micklewright John
Published: November 2015

We show how young people’s expectations about application to university change during the teenage years, drawing on the Longitudinal Study of Young People in England (LSYPE). We reveal the pattern of change by family background, prior attainment at the end of primary school (measured by Key Stage 2 tests) and, critically, the combination of the two. We document the relationship between expectations about university application and the decision on whether to stay on in full-time education at 16. We point to the importance of schools in sustaining or changing expectations. We relate the expectations reported by the teenagers in LSYPE to their actual university application decisions by age 20 or 21. Expectations are high but not universally high. Family background gaps in expectations widen during the teenage years.
Towards the Realization of Graphene Based Flexible Radio Frequency Receiver
Authors: Yogeesh Maruthi , Parrish Kristen , Lee Jongho , Park Saungeun , Tao Li , Akinwande Deji
Published: November 2015

We report on our progress and development of high speed flexible graphene field effect transistors (GFETs) with high electron and hole mobilities (~3000 cm2/V·s), and intrinsic transit frequency in the microwave GHz regime. We also describe the design and fabrication of flexible graphene based radio frequency system. This RF communication system consists of graphite patch antenna at 2.4 GHz, graphene based frequency translation block (frequency doubler and AM demodulator) and graphene speaker. The communication blocks are utilized to demonstrate graphene based amplitude modulated (AM) radio receiver operating at 2.4 GHz.
Mercury Concentrations of Bluegill (Lepomis macrochirus) Vary by Sex
Authors: Madenjian Charles , Francis James , Braunscheidel Jeffrey , Bohr Joseph , Geiger Matthew , Knottnerus G.
Published: November 2015

Patterns in relative differences in contaminant concentrations between the sexes across many species of fish may reveal clues for important behavioral and physiological differences between the sexes, and may also be useful in developing fish consumption advisories and efficient designs for programs meant to monitor contaminant levels in fish. We determined skin-off fillet and whole-fish total mercury (Hg) concentrations of 28 adult female and 26 adult male bluegills (Lepomis macrochirus) from Squaw Lake, Oakland County, Michigan (MI), USA. Bioenergetics modeling was used to quantify the effect of growth dilution on the difference in Hg concentrations between the sexes. On average, skin-off fillet and whole-fish Hg concentrations were 25.4% higher and 26.6% higher, respectively, in females compared with males. Thus, the relative difference in Hg concentrations between the sexes for skin-off fillets was nearly identical to that for whole fish. However, mean skin-off fillet Hg concentration (363 ng/g) was 2.3 times greater than mean whole-fish Hg concentration (155 ng/g). Males grew substantially faster than females, and bioenergetics modeling results indicated that the growth dilution effect could account for females having 14.4% higher Hg concentrations than males. Our findings should be useful in revising fish consumption advisories.
“A Lock of Thy Bright Hair”: The Enlightenment’s Milton and Our Auratic Material
Authors: Lewis Jayne
Published: November 2015

This article looks at how English critics, biographers, and poets once sported with the image, idea, and biomaterial of John Milton’s hair. Their play is contextualized within the materialist and instrumental values that were instituted in eighteenth-century literary criticism and biography and that remain central to the humanities today. It was the philologists, antiquarians, bibliophiles, biographers, and anecdotalists of the long eighteenth century who linked the value of cultural objects to their work in the cultural world. The objects sheltered from that world—aesthetic ones in the modern sense—were meanwhile endowed with qualities purloined from an otherwise debunked supernatural register. These contradictory values, all object-centered, cultivated skepticism in observers and thus scripted still-privileged affective postures of mourning and melancholia with respect to objects of inquiry. Dynamic entanglement with Milton’s hair in eighteenth-century critical writing tells a different story. It teaches us to approach that writing as writing and to value “Milton’s hair” as auratic in the communicative sense later displaced by diffident, object-centered models of the aura. Can we define and engage our “material” along the lines of eighteenth-century “entanglement” with Milton’s hair?