bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
CYP21A2 Gene Analysis in Southern Iranian CAH Patients and a Brief Review of the Mutation Spectrum
Authors: Zangene Danial , Moravej Hossein , Ilkhanipoor Homa , Amirhakimi Anis , Afshar Zhila , Entezam Mona
Published: February 2024

Background: CYP21A2 gene mutations are responsible for more than 95% of Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia (CAH) disorders with autosomal recessive inheritance. Most of these pathogenic mutations originate from the CYP21A1P, a neighboring pseudogene with 98% homology, due to unequal crossing over or gene conversion events. Mutation identification of the gene could be beneficial for accurate diagnosis and outcome prediction.
Methods: Twelve unrelated patients with CAH diagnosis were recruited for genetic counseling. To ensure distinct amplification of the CYP21A2 gene rather than its pseudogene, the complete sequence of the gene was amplified through two overlapping fragments by specific primers. The entire sequences were screened by direct Sanger sequencing using new sequencing primers.
Results: Only two pathogenic point mutations were identified. The c.293-13C>G, also known as In2G, and the c.955C>T mutations were found in 37.5 and 33.3% of alleles, respectively. One patient showed homozygous gene deletion. We also reviewed recent reports on CYP21A2 gene mutations in Iran.
Conclusion: Evaluating the ethnicity-specific gene mutation data is significant for populations with diverse ethnic groups including the Iranian population. Although several common mutations have been reported as causative mutations among CAH patients, identifying only two common point mutations in Fars province would help prioritize exon sequencing and reduce the cost and time of genotyping.
A Hybridized Honey Encryption for Data Security using Residue Number System
Authors: GIWA Tawakalitu Afoluwaso , ABIODUN Oludare Isaac , OMOLARA Abiodun Esther , ISIAKA Rafiu Mope
Published: February 2024

Different encryption algorithms such as Advanced Encryption Standard (AES), Rivest, Shamir, Adleman (RSA) were proposed to protect the privacy of the data. However, most of these existing methods are vulnerable to a brute-force attack because the cipher text remains unintelligible until the original data is found. Consequently, this problem prompted researchers to introduce honey encryption (HE). HE helps to withstand the vulnerability of the encryption algorithms in brute force attacks making transmitted data more secure and efficient. Hence to reduce processing time we proposed a hybridized HE with Residue Number System. Traditional Moduli Set {2n-1, 2n, 2n+1} was used to generate the Key while Chinese Remainder Theorem (CRT), and HE technique were used for decrypting the data, based on the Distribution Transformation Decoder. Thus, anytime an attacker tries to access the data, so long the length of the guessed key is the same as the original key, the HE algorithm will generate meaningful but fake data, this helps to deter an attacker from further threat. The result showed that the proposed system was able to withstand brute force attacks with less processing time compared to other systems. N-values for the moduli set used were varied against encryption and decryption time. Comparing the obtained results with the existing system, the proposed system processing time was faster and more secure.
A Review of SCADA IoT Device Vulnerabilities in the Power Grid (A Case Study of Smart Meter)
Authors: MWENDA Ahmed , NGODYA Daniel
Published: February 2024

This article summarizes and organizes recent research findings in information and communication technology security developments integrated with smart grids. A vital component of a smart grid is a smart meter. It is relevant because it can collect, process, and transport customer’s data over the Internet. Whereas developments in smart grid and smart meter technologies have given new productivity gains, they have also presented new security concerns. Security is essential in defending both the smart grid and smart meter from cyber-attack. Guaranteeing safety is one of the most challenging aspects of designing and deploying a smart metering infrastructure. This study presents a thorough investigation of the integrity of smart metering technologies from multiple different viewpoints. It focuses on threats, countermeasures, and estimations. This article makes four contributions: First, all potential vulnerabilities in smart metering components are described and examined. Second, it assesses the impact of attacks that use these weaknesses to boost the performance of each part and the whole smart meter structure. Thirdly, potential countermeasures to defend smart meters are discussed. lastly, it discusses the unresolved issues surrounding smart meter security and future research areas. This evaluation is distinctive due to its exhaustive treatment of security weaknesses and attacks on smart meter components. In conclusion, the future vision is described.
Reducing emissions of harmful substances in rally cars
Authors: Urbański Bartłomiej , Przybyła Grzegorz , Brodziński Łukasz , Savitskaya Maryia
Published: February 2024

Currently discussed changes in the automotive sector, which are aimed at significantly reducing emissions of harmful substances in road transport, also affect the directions of development of motorsport. One of them is the use of electric drive systems. Currently produced electric cars are not technically prepared to compete in car rallies, both due to their performance and safety reasons. For this reason, rallies still use combustion engines and attempts are made to implement hybrid drive systems. Bearing in mind the above-mentioned limitations of electric drive technology, combustion engines will remain in car rallies for a longer time. Taking the above into account, the article focuses on the issues of exhaust gas treatment systems in rally cars. Tests were carried out to determine exhaust emissions from a car using a catalytic converter approved according to FIA guidelines and compare them to the current standards for mass-produced cars. Thanks to them, it was also possible to estimate the level of exhaust emissions on the approach sections of the car rally. A separate issue was the analysis of how much the use of an electrically driven compressor could reduce fuel consumption by limiting the operation of the ALS system, which is designed to maintain the turbocharger's rotational speed at a constant level. Reducing fuel consumption on the special stage would also have a positive impact on reducing emissions of harmful substances from the rally car.
Outcome-Based Education
Authors: Saxena Atul K. , Jamaloodeen Mohamed , Heinz Adrian
Published: February 2024

The literature laments college students’ lack of financial literacy and their lackadaisical interest in learning. However, our research demonstrates that students can be enticed such that they get interested in acquiring financial skills. Generally, college students live hand-to-mouth and are happy to learn about money-making opportunities (not necessarily financial management). Students were informed that qualified faculty will conduct a series of workshops whereby they will learn financial tools and skills and will also get an opportunity to trade stocks and options first-hand. Literature on pedagogy confirms that experiential learning is the best way to learn. Students also prefer practical, hands-on learning more than listening to a lecture or reading a book. Moreover, if workshops (for which professionals charge exorbitant sums) are offered for free, students’ interest soars, and they enrol in hordes. This is confirmed by our workshops which proved successful in enhancing student interest and imparting financial skills. The workshops were innovative and unique as they were online, interactive, tutored, and free. They were open to students from all majors, faculty, and staff. Students are excited about stock trading but are generally apprehensive of and intimidated by financial options. This was true of our sample of students as well, but the faculty-led, friendly, and riskless environment of hands-on learning provided a great opportunity, and over 100 individuals enrolled in our workshops. A comparison of pre- and post-survey quizzes shows that participants’ interest in, and knowledge of options trading increased significantly due to the workshops.
Hubungan Antara Pertumbuhan Ekonomi dan Infrastruktur Transportasi di Indonesia
Authors:   Direktorat Jenderal Kekayaan Negara, Kementerian Keuangan Republik Indonesia, Sukesa Ida Kade , Papyrakis Elissaios ,   International Institute of Social Studies (ISS), Erasmus University Rotterdam
Published: February 2024

Mengingat bervariasinya hasil penelitian yang sudah ada mengenai hubungan hubungan antara infrastruktur transportasi dan pertumbuhan ekonomi di Indonesia, maka penelitian ini, yang bertujuan untuk meneliti hubungan tersebut, menggunakan dua pendekatan sekaligus yaitu pertama dengan menggunakan data time series dan kedua dengan data panel. Dari pendekatan pertama, penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa terdapat hubungan searah dari pertumbuhan ekonomi ke pertumbuhan infrastruktur jalan, dan tidak sebaliknya. Sementara, hubungan pertumbuhan ekonomi dengan transportasi udara dan laut tidak signifikan. Hasil yang serupa juga ditemukan dengan menggunakan pendekatan kedua. Pertumbuhan dari ketiga mode transportasi tersebut tidak memiliki efek yang signifikan pada pertumbuhan ekonomi.
A DESCRIPTIVE STUDY TO ASSESS THE LEARNING STYLES ADOPTED BY UNDERGRADUATE NURSING STUDENTS AT SELECTED COLLEGE, BENGALURU
Authors:   Associate Professor, Smt Nagarathnamma College of Nursing., Mohanlal Syam , Malagi Vasantha ,   Associate Professor, Smt Nagarathnamma College of Nursing., Wilson Jenisha ,   Assistant Lecturer, Smt Nagarathnamma College of Nursing., Hamid Umer ,   Assistant Lecturer, Smt Nagarathnamma College of Nursing.
Published: February 2024

Background: Learning styles refer to an individuals preferred way of acquiring and processing information. Understanding a students learning style can be crucial for optimizing educational outcomes. In nursing education, catering to diverse learning preferences can enhance student engagement and prepare them for the complex demands of the profession. This study aimed to investigate the learning styles and their relationship with study variables among undergraduate nursing students. Methods and Materials: A descriptive cross-sectional design was employed. The study was conducted at a selected college in Bangalore, India. A total of 105 undergraduate nursing students were recruited, stratified by their year of study, and selected through proportionate random sampling. Participants completed the Inventory of Learning Styles (ILS) questionnaire, which assesses four learning styles: undirected, application-directed, reproduction-directed, and meaning-directed. Additionally, data on their age, gender, marital status, place of residence, pre-university percentage, preferred medium of instruction, average study hours, and average writing assignment hours were collected. Descriptive statistics, including mean, standard deviation, frequency, and percentage, were computed for the learning style scores and demographic variables. Chi-square tests were used to analyse the association between learning styles and selected demographic variables, while Pearson correlation coefficients were calculated to examine the relationship between age and learning styles. Results: The findings revealed that students utilized a variety of learning styles, with the majority favouring undirected (64.34%), application-directed (74.24%), reproduction-directed (63.47%), and meaning-directed (65.26%) styles. Interestingly, no significant correlation was found between age and any of the learning styles (all p-values > 0.05). Moreover, the chi-square analysis indicated an association between average hours of study and average hours of writing assignments with the reproduction-directed learning style at the 0.05 level of significance. Conclusion: This study highlights the diverse learning preferences among undergraduate nursing students, regardless of their age. Educators in nursing programs should incorporate diverse pedagogical approaches that cater to these different styles to optimize learning outcomes and adequately prepare students for the challenges of the nursing profession. Further research with larger sample sizes could delve deeper into the factors influencing learning styles in this population and provide even more valuable insights for educational design.
ECONOMIC EMPOWERMENT OF WOMEN STARTUPSTHROUGH GOVERNMENT SCHEMES AND ASSISTANCE
Authors:   Assistant Professor, Department of Commerce PSG College of Arts & Science, Coimbatore-14., Latha K. , Murugesh V. ,   Assistant Professor, Department of Commerce PSG College of Arts & Science, Coimbatore-14., D. Pavithra ,   Research Assistant, Department of Commerce PSG College of Arts & Science, Coimbatore-14.
Published: February 2024

The world of entrepreneurship has undergone a dramatic transition with the development of female-led start-ups. Governments and banks worldwide have recognized the potential of women entrepreneurs as key contributors to economic growth and are taking significant strides to empower them through financial lending initiatives. Therefore, the study examines the impact of such initiatives and assesses their efficacy using quantitative data analysis. The study has chosen to use the purposive sampling method. The findings of the study aim to contribute valuable insights for policymakers, development practitioners, and other stakeholders to devise more inclusive and effective policies that will help in nurturing a more inclusive and prosperous economy.
OCULAR MANIFESTATIONS OF CONNECTIVE TISSUE DISORDERS: A DESCRIPTIVE CROSS SECTIONAL STUDY
Authors:   PG Resident, Department of Ophthalmology, Dr. Balasaheb Vikhe Patil Rural Medical College, Pravara Institute of Medical Sciences Loni, Maharashtra., Adwani Chandra , J. Bhandari Akshay ,   Professor and Head, Department of Ophthalmology, Dr. Balasaheb Vikhe Patil Rural Medical College, Pravara Institute of Medical Sciences Loni, Maharashtra.
Published: February 2024

Background and Objectives: Connective tissue disorders (CTD) includes a group of chronic inflammatory conditions that affects multiple systems of the body and presents wide spectrum of clinical manifestations including eye. This study was undertaken to study the types of ophthalmic manifestation in connective tissue disorders. Method: A descriptive cross-sectional study of 50 cases was done in patients diagnosed with various connective tissue disorder in tertiary care hospital, from June 2022 to May 2023.All patients underwent a standard and comprehensive ophthalmic evaluation. Result: Out of 50 cases, 12 were males and 38 were females. Maximum number of cases (35) were seen between the age group of 40-61years. Rheumatoid Arthritis (25) was the most common connective tissue disorder. Both anterior and posterior segment findings were seen in our study with Dry eye as the most common ocular manifestation which was seen in 28 patients. Conclusion: Connective tissue disorderscomprise wide spectrum of diseases that can present with ocular involvement. It is important to do screening of ocular manifestations in patients with connective tissue disorder for early detection and treatment for better prognosis.
A new concept for permanent geometric reference points made from RFID tags for composite aircraft components.
Authors: Tuppatsch J-P , Rodeck R , Wende G
Published: February 2024

This work presents a new concept for permanent markers consisting of RFID tags built into aircraft components made from fibre reinforced plastics. The novelty of this concept lies in the antenna design, which represents a geometric point that can be accessed using commonly employed non-destructive testing (NDT) methods, specifically suited for thermovision. These geometric points provide a reliable frame of reference for accurate data localization throughout the entire life cycle of the components. Initial results obtained with an antenna design incorporated into a glass-reinforced epoxy laminate quantify the anticipated localization accuracy achieved through our concept. We utilize a geometrically calibrated, off-the-shelf bolometer and standard lock-in thermography in our approach.
The Segmentation of Wind Turbine Defect Based on UAV Infrared Image
Authors: Wang Zijun , Jiang Naicheng , Wen Ruizhe , Sun Bin
Published: February 2024

During the operation of wind power systems, problems such as damage may occur, in order to keep the system running normally and safely, regular maintenance of wind turbines is essential. Currently, the main treatment is to detect the blades by carrying an infrared camera on board a UAV. However, infrared images can suffer from significant inhomogeneities due to the inconsistent response of the detector array of the infrared camera, the inconsistent spectral response of the infrared detector to environmental variations and incoming background radiation, and the combined effect of the camera's optical lens. The inhomogeneity of an image can greatly affect the accuracy of image segmentation. To solve this problem, In this paper, we propose a method for rapidly segmenting inhomogeneous images. Specifically, we introduce global and local information of the image into the energy term. We also introduce a detail map as the reference map for the edge stopping function, which improves the robustness of the image to the initial contour and improves the segmentation accuracy of inhomogeneous images while speeding up the segmentation. Correction of bias field is also realized simultaneously. The results demonstrate that our method achieves average accuracy of 96% in the task of performing segmentation of wind turbine defects with the shortest running time. Notably, our segmentation efficiency surpasses that of mainstream level-set techniques.
Sizing the geometrical parameters of semi-infinite delaminations using optically excited lock-in infrared thermography
Authors: Mendioroz A , Sagarduy-Marcos D , Pérez-Arbulu J , Rodríguez-Aseguinolaza J , Celorrio R , Batsale J.-C , Salazar A
Published: February 2024

The aim of this work is to characterize the geometrical parameters of a 2D delamination: length, depth and thickness. First, we calculate analytically and numerically the surface temperature oscillation of a sample, containing a semi-infinite delamination, as the material is homogeneously illuminated by a modulated light beam. Then, we perform an inverse parametric estimation of synthetic temperature amplitude and phase data to size the geometrical parameters of the delamination. Finally, we present lock-in infrared thermography experiments performed on AISI-304 stainless steel samples containing calibrated delaminations. We fit the numerical model to the experiments to retrieve the delamination parameters successfully.
Temperature evolution at fatigue crack tip area after laser shock peening
Authors: Vshivkov A , Iziumova A , Gachegova E , Plekhov O
Published: February 2024

In this work a thermodynamic peculiarities of fatigue crack propagation at titanium alloy Ti64 after laser shock peening were studied. The plane samples were weakened by notch to initiate fatigue crack. An area around notch was processed by laser shock peening. This made it possible to create a compress residual stress up to 1 mm depth. The infrared thermography method was used to analyze a temperature field at crack tip. An increase in heat dissipation during fatigue crack propagation after laser shock peening was found.
Thermographic visualization of non-stationary high speed flow in a channel
Authors: Znamenskaya I , Muratov M , Karnozova E , Lutsky A
Published: February 2024

This paper explores the possibility of non-invasive heat fluxes visualization and analysis of high speed channel flows using infrared thermographic registration. Panoramic IR imaging was performed as the plane shock wave have passed through the test chamber and diffracted on a rectangular obstacle (6×2×48 mm) on the wall in the shock tube channel (24×48 mm). The evolution of the heat fluxes maps on the test chamber inner walls (IR-transparent windows) are recorded using a high-speed infrared recorder with operating range 1.5 − 5.1 µm. The images of thermal fields were compared with shadow imaging and two-dimensional numerical simulation of the non-stationary gas-dynamics flow around after the shock wave diffraction on the ledge.
Numerical modelling and experimental approach for defect detection in CFRP by mi-crowave thermography
Authors: Brachelet F , Keo S , Szymanik B , Le Roy C , Defer D
Published: February 2024

This paper describes the application of infrared thermography combined with microwave excitation to detect bonding defects in a carbon fiber reinforced concrete structure. Electromagnetic and thermal phenomena are modelled and compared with experiment. Several short-term tests have been carried out, using both continuous and pulsed excitations, and showed that detection of this type of defect was possible.
Thermographic temperature measurements of the semiconductor devices made on the basis of SiC
Authors: Dziarski K , Hulewicz A
Published: February 2024

This article presents a thermal test of the FFSH10120A diode. The use of thermography in monitoring its temperature is described in detail. The use of the FFSH10120A diode, which is a high-power semiconductor component, is associated with thermal problems. The influence of the power supplied to the diode and the ambient conditions on its temperature were analyzed. The use of thermography enabled the precise and non-invasive monitoring of this temperature, which allows identifying the areas with excessive temperature and taking appropriate countermeasures. The conducted research provide valuable information regarding the optimal operation of the FFSH10120A diode to ensure its durability and efficiency.
Modification Method for Facial Skin Temperature Image Considering Facial Artery Structure
Authors: Takano Masahito , Nagumo Kent , Nozawa Akio
Published: February 2024

We proposed a new method to modify facial skin temperature image considering facial artery structure. The proposed modification method facilitates more attention to blood flow information on the thermal face image. The method was adapted to an originally collected dataset to evaluate its performance. The dataset consisted of thermal face images under good or poor subjective health conditions. The result of the evaluation of the discriminant performance indicates that valuable information for health conditions estimation could be extracted from thermal face images by using the proposed modification method.
Microporous Defect Detection in Airship Envelope Materials using Laser Infrared Thermography
Authors: Zhang H , Zhang Z , Duan Y
Published: February 2024

Detecting micrometer-sized holes in the skin is a major problem in the NDT of stratospheric airships, and to the best of our knowledge, there are still very few researches so far on NDT methods for microporous defects in envelope materials. In this paper, we propose to accomplish the automatic detection of microporous defects using an improved network based on U-net. While using a laser beam as a heat source, three different laser beam extension methods were compared in order to improve the problems of uniform laser beam intensity distribution and small heating area, and a fiber laser beam shaper with excellent heating effect was chosen as the experimental method. Micron-sized holes of different sizes were produced in the epidermal material. The detection of pore defects with a minimum diameter of 75 µm can be accomplished using the improved network with an accuracy of 95.3%. The experimental results show that the proposed method is able to significantly detect debonding defects at the adhesive bond as well as pore defects at millimeter and micrometer scale.
Combining heating and forced cooling: a new technique in active thermal NDT
Authors: Chulkov A , Vavilov V
Published: February 2024

The theoretical and experimental results of applying a new method of infrared (IR) thermography nondestructive testing (NDT) based on the combination of optical heating and forced convection cooling are described. A properly chosen combination of two types of thermal stimulation has allowed to increase temperature contrasts in defect areas and reduce thermal loading on the samples. The 3D model of a scanning thermal flaw detector implementing the proposed inspection technique is presented.
Analysis of Thermal Images for the Detection of Diabetic Foot
Authors: Rajagopalan Nithya , K Nirmala , Vishnukumar Sivagami , Vaidyanathan Srija , Preethi Sasi
Published: February 2024

Diabetes mellitus is one of the most commonly diagnosed disorders around the globe. Around 400 million people globally are affected with this disorder with around 1.2 million deaths. Some complications include diabetic retinopathy, foot ulcers, and renal failure. The use of thermal imaging makes the diagnostic process non-invasive, reducing discomfort and the risk of infection associated with traditional methods. Early detection of diabetic foot ulcers is crucial for timely intervention and prevention of severe complications, such as infections and amputations. Deep learning models have the potential to provide accurate diagnoses by analyzing thermal patterns that may not be easily discernible by the human eye and could potentially track the progression and severity of the disease over time. A total of 996 images with 264 healthy images and 732 unhealthy RGB images were used in this work. The total dataset was split into training, testing, and validation groups in the ratio 6:2:2. The left and right foot images were equally randomized in the respective models while training. ResNet50 is used with a learning rate of 0.01 having 20 epoch gives the highest accuracy of 98% and a minimum loss of 1% further, the work can be enhanced with a real-time database.
Flood prediction based on feature selection and a hybrid deep learning network
Authors: Chenmin Ni , Marsani Muhammad Fadhil , Pei Shan Fam
Published: February 2024

As climates change globally, water-related disasters increase, causing substantial economic losses and safety risks. During floods, river water levels show unpredictable fluctuations, introducing substantial noise that complicates accurate prediction. A hybrid model that uses eight-dimensional input data from hydrological and meteorological stations is proposed to address these challenges. Initially, the Variational Mode Decomposition preprocesses and denoises water level data, resulting in decomposed Intrinsic Mode Functions (IMFs). Then, the Pearson correlation coefficient between each IMF and input characteristics is computed, and the fluctuation factor for each IMF is defined. IMFs are categorized based on a threshold, leading to a hybrid prediction model. This model integrates convolutional neural networks (CNNs) for spatial information and bidirectional long short-term memory (BiLSTM) networks with an attention mechanism for learning from past and future data points. Comparative evaluations of mean absolute percentage error, root mean square error, mean absolute error, and goodness of fit (R2) show that the proposed model outperforms existing LSTM and CNN–BiLSTM frameworks, reducing RMSE by at least 20% and increasing R2 by approximately 10% on average. The model's practical significance lies in improving the accuracy and efficiency of meteorological forecasting and flood warning systems, contributing substantially to global disaster preparedness and response strategies.
Deep learning algorithms and their fuzzy extensions for streamflow prediction in climate change framework
Authors: Vogeti Rishith Kumar , Jauhari Rahul , Mishra Bhavesh Rahul , Raju K. Srinivasa , Nagesh Kumar D.
Published: February 2024

The present study analyzes the capability of convolutional neural network (CNN), long short-term memory (LSTM), CNN-LSTM, fuzzy CNN, fuzzy LSTM, and fuzzy CNN-LSTM to mimic streamflow for Lower Godavari Basin, India. Kling–Gupta efficiency (KGE) was used to evaluate these algorithms. Fuzzy-based deep learning algorithms have shown significant improvement over classical ones, among which fuzzy CNN-LSTM is the best. Thus, it is further considered for streamflow projections in a climate change context for four-time horizons using four shared socioeconomic pathways (SSPs). Average streamflow in 2041–2060, 2061–2080, and 2081–2090 are compared to that of 2021–2040 and it changed by +3.59, +7.90, and +12.36% for SSP126; +3.62, +8.28, and +12.96% for SSP245; +0.65, −0.01, and −0.02% for SSP370; +0.02, +0.71, and +0.06% for SSP585. In addition, two non-parametric tests, namely, Mann–Kendall and Pettitt were conducted to ascertain the trend and change point of the projected streamflow. Results indicate that fuzzy CNN-LSTM provides a more precise prediction than others. The identified variations in streamflow across different SSPs facilitate valuable insights for policymakers and relevant stakeholders. It also paves the way for adaptive decision-making.
Odpłatność za pobyt mieszkańca w domu pomocy społecznej - wybrane problemy orzecznicze w praktyce organów administracji publicznej.
Authors: Wilczek-Karczewska Magdalena , Maciejewska Joanna
Published: February 2024

Niniejszy artykuł podejmuje problematykę odpłatności za pobyt mieszkańca w domu pomocy społecznej z perspektywy praktyki organów administracji publicznej. Stanowi on głos w dyskusji, jak również autorki podjęły próbę sformułowania postulatów de lege ferenda. Tematyka opracowania odnosi się do katalogu stron postępowania administracyjnego w przedmiocie ustalenia odpłatności za pobyt mieszkańca w domu pomocy społecznej; algorytmu ustalania opłaty i proporcjonalnej partycypacji osób zobowiązanych w kosztach utrzymania pensjonariusza w placówce oraz obniżenia przedmiotowej odpłatności z uwzględnieniem wysokości dochodów i możliwości osoby zobowiązanej. Praktyka orzecznicza pokazuje, iż doprecyzowania wymaga przede wszystkim katalog osób zobowiązanych do uiszczania przedmiotowej opłaty i kolejności, według której poszczególne osoby będą partycypować w kosztach utrzymania osoby bliskiej w domu pomocy społecznej.
Surface Acoustic Wave Structures and Devices Modeling Based on Coupled Waves Method
Authors: DMITRIEV Valery F.
Published: February 2024

An important stage in the creation of SAW devices is the modeling of its design
providing required electrical parameters. This task can be solved within the context of a device
design synthesis problem. Here, requirements are set for the electrical parameters, on the basis
of which the design of the device is simulated. The simulation allows for selecting other design
parameters, among which are the materials of the piezoelectric and IDT, the number of
electrodes and their thickness in the IDT, etc. Since a number of SAW filter designs with
specific design parameters are currently used, the task seems to be over-complicated and is not
considered here.

The presented method assumes device simulation based on its electrical characteristics for the
given design parameters of the selected filter type. This approach offers an analysis of the
selected type of device design (irrelevant to the reasons for its choice) to predict its design
parameters based on simulation of its electrical characteristics for different values of its design
parameters. Obviously, based on the described method, it is also possible to build algorithms
for device synthesis, e.g. within the context of electrical parameters optimization problem of
the device with selected design type.

The problem of filter topology synthesis is investigated for only one type of ladder SAW filter.
The described method can be used to construct algorithms for the synthesis of various SAW
filter types.
Surface Acoustic Wave Filters for Communication Systems
Authors: DMITRIEV Valery F.
Published: February 2024

Low insertion loss and good temperature stability are the main requirements for
filters used in communication system front ends. These requirements severely limit the design
options for SAW filters that can be used in modern communication systems. It should be noted
that until recently SAW filters with a relative bandwidth of 1..10% and low losses, and most
demanded for communication systems, had low-temperature stability. This was due to the
temperature coefficients of waveguide material medium frequency of the SAW filters. Such
materials are strong piezoelectrics niobate and lithium tantalate.

Research aimed at improving the temperature stability of devices based on lithium niobate and
tantalate was started a long time ago. Still, only emerging new technologies have provided the
possibility of solving this problem for mass production conditions. Currently, the input circuits
of almost all mobile communication devices incorporate filters (duplexers) on SAW.
High Power Multiplexer Microwave Filters
Authors: KOMAROV Vyacheslav V. , MESHCHANOV Valery P.
Published: February 2024

Multiplexers are microwave products designed to add signals received from several
microwave amplifiers in one output channel. There are no domestic analogues of these devices,
and foreign analogues are Multiplexer 4-1/C (C-band), and Multiplexer 3-1/X (X-band) from
«COM DEV International» (Canada). The basis of the design of the output multiplexers of onboard radio-electronic complexes of space communication systems is waveguide narrow-band
microwave filters of high power levels.
Two-dimensional Periodic Structures for Frequency Selection of Signals
Authors: KOMAROV Vyacheslav V. , MESHCHANOV Valery P.
Published: February 2024

Two-dimensional (2D) periodic structures of the microwave and terahertz ranges are
becoming more and more widespread as the basic elements of instruments and devices for
controlling the parameters of electromagnetic signals in radio astronomy, nuclear physics,
medical technologies, electronic engineering, instrumentation, and radar technology. They are
known in the literature as “Frequency Selective Surfaces” (FSS). Their electrodynamic
performance depends not only on the geometric dimensions and physical properties of materials
but also on the periodical spacing of their constituent elements. In the case when their
dimensions are much less than the wavelength of the incident radiation, they are called
“metasurfaces”. This chapter analyzes the effect of dimensions and electrophysical properties
of structural materials on the transfer characteristics of frequency-selective surfaces with crossshaped apertures.
Exploring interactive video learning: Techniques, applications, and pedagogical insights
Authors:   Faculty of Computing and Multimedia, Universiti Poly-Tech Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, Dahlan Mariani Mohd , Halim Nuri Surina Abdul ,   Faculty of Computing and Multimedia, Universiti Poly-Tech Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, Kamarudin Noor Suhaida ,   Faculty of Computing and Multimedia, Universiti Poly-Tech Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, Ahmad Fatanah Syazana Zuraine ,   Faculty of Computing and Multimedia, Universiti Poly-Tech Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Published: February 2024

Multimedia, interaction, and customized content make interactive video learning a popular and effective teaching tool. This pedagogical technique uses movies, animations, and graphics to create engaging and attractive instructional materials. Interactive aspects such as quizzes, simulations, and decision-making encourage active learning and critical thinking. Personalization is critical because it allows the educational process to be tailored to individual needs and preferences. This is done through adaptive learning systems and AI algorithms. This review examines interactive video-based learning methods, applications, and educational effects. This study examines how interactive video learning is impacting education in many sectors and locations. This technique allows students to view interactive videos at their convenience, accommodating different learning styles and schedules. The study also examines how interactive video-based learning affects knowledge, motivation, and participation in formal education and corporate training. This review analyzes existing studies and trends to assess the usefulness and future of interactive video learning in modern education. Interactivity, personalization, and multimedia help provide effective, learner-centered instruction. This study shows that interactive video learning can improve pedagogy and educational outcomes.
Motivation in teaching and related activities of lecturers of Vietnam National University-Ho Chi Minh City
Authors: Dung Nguyen Thi Thuy , Hao Nguyen Thi
Published: February 2024

This research aimed to understand the level of enthusiasm among university lecturers for teaching and associated tasks like creating course materials, evaluating student performance, mentoring, and reviewing academic qualifications. The study used two approaches: a questionnaire survey and detailed interviews with lecturers from six universities within the Vietnam National University-Ho Chi Minh City (VNUHCM) network. Findings indicate that lecturers are generally very motivated in their teaching and related duties, with an average score of 4.27 out of 5 on a motivation scale. However, this motivation varied across different activities. Specifically, enthusiasm was highest for teaching (average score of 4.50) and lowest for grading students (average score of 4.14). Statistical analyses, including T-tests and ANOVA, with a significance level below 0.05, revealed differences in teaching motivation based on the length of teaching experience and differences in grading motivation according to lecturers' academic positions, qualifications, and gender. The results offer valuable insights for VNUHCM administrators to formulate strategies aimed at enhancing lecturers' motivation in teaching and related areas.
In vitro evaluation of the inhibitory capacity of three Trichoderma
isolates on Ralstonia solanacearum
Authors: Pico Rosado Jimmy , Suárez Palacios Christopher , Jiménez Cumbicus Jessenia , Paredes Puga Ernesto , Sabando Gladys , Andrade Olalla Liliana
Published: February 2024

Bacterial wilt in bananas, caused by Ralstonia solanacearum or Moko,
limits crop production and threatens Ecuador. This study evaluated
Trichoderma isolates in laboratory conditions as an innovative alternative
to ensure sustainability in banana production. The four R. solanacearum.
isolates were obtained from banana plants exhibiting disease symptoms and
were characterized through morphological and biochemical tests. Four
treatments were evaluated: three isolates of fungi from the genus
Trichoderma (Trichoderma viride, T. harzianum, T. asperellum) and one
consisting of a combination of the three isolates above. The inhibitory
capacity of the Trichoderma isolates on R. solanacearum colonies was
measured. A completely randomized design with three replicates was used, and
general linear and mixed models were employed, with qq-plot graphs for
normality and residual plots for variance homogeneity. Furthermore, a
Fisher's LSD test was conducted at a significance level of α = 0.05. In the
biochemical tests, the bacterial isolates exhibited specific characteristics
of R. solanacearum in two bacterial isolates. In the inhibition tests,
treatment four and treatment one (consortium of the three Trichoderma
isolates and Trichoderma viride) showed the highest inhibitory potential,
with 76.07% and 61.19%, respectively. The consortium of Trichoderma isolates
demonstrated the highest inhibitory potential against R. solanacearum, with
day 10 being the time with the highest percentage of inhibition (72.61%).
Keywords: Bacterial wilt, Ralstonia solanacearum, Trichoderma,
inhibition
THE EFFECT OF TRAINING WITH ADDITIONAL RESPIRATORY RESISTANCE ON THE RESULTS OF MIDDLE DISTANCE RUNNING
Authors:   Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education ", Byalovsky Yury. Yu. ,   Ryazan State Medical University named after Academician I.P. Pavlov",   of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Rakitina Irina S. ,   Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education "Ryazan State Medical University named after Academician I.P. Pavlov" of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation
Published: February 2024

Fatigue of the respiratory muscles is one of the important factors that limit athletic performance due to reduced blood flow to the extremities. Additional respiratory resistance (ARR) can effectively improve respiratory muscle endurance and reduce fatigue during long-term exercise or aerobic exercise, thereby enhancing athletic performance. The aim of the study was to study the effect of 4-week respiratory muscle training using ARR on the strength of the respiratory muscles, the rate of change in blood flow in the limbs, and athletic performance in 800 m amateur runners. Methods. Twenty healthy 800m runners were randomized into an experimental group (11 people) and a control group (9 people). ARR training consisted of 30 breaths twice a day, 5 days a week, at an intensity of 40%, 60%, 70%, and 80% of maximum inspiratory pressure (Pmmax) for 4 weeks, while the control group trained with ARR was not used. The initial measured variables were the 800 m running test, the rate of change in blood flow in the limbs, external respiration, physical performance, and maximum oxygen consumption. All measured variables were assessed before and after 4 weeks of training with ARR. Statistical analysis was performed using a one-way ANOVA test of variance. Results: after completing the training program with ARR, the experimental group significantly reduced the rate of change in blood flow in the limbs from 12.21±2.14% to 5.97±2.09% (p<0.05). An increase in tidal volume was noted — 734±43 ml in the main group and 674±46 ml in the control group; increase in maximum intraoral pressure — 131.09±11.20 cm w.g. in the main group and 117.1±10.3 cm w.g. at the control; a significant increase in PWC-170 — 872±38.4 kGm/min (main group) and 810±34.8 kGm/min (control group), as well as an increase in maximum oxygen consumption in representatives of the main group (3104±68 ml/min) relatively lower values in the control (2303±72 ml/min). The 800 m running test showed the acceleration of running from 165.97±6.96 to 154.75±5.7 sec. But the control group did not undergo significant changes in the 800 m running test. Conclusion: our results showed that 4-week training with ARR (twice a day, 5 days a week) significantly increased tidal volume, maximum intraoral pressure, physical performance, maximum oxygen consumption, 800m running efficiency and reduces the rate of change in blood flow in the limbs.
ROLE OF BIOLOGICAL CLOCK MALFUNCTION IN THE PATHOGENESIS OF DIABETES MELLITUS
Authors:   Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution “Stavropol State Medical University” of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Bykov Yuri V.
Published: February 2024

Purpose. This paper provides a review of biological clock (BC) malfunction as a possible pathophysiological mechanism underlying the development of type 1 and 2 diabetes mellitus (DM). Objective of the review. A total of 69 scientific papers were found using the Cochrane Library, PubMed, eLibrary.ru and Medscape, and analyzed. The search covered the period from 2012 to 2023 and used the combination of the following keywords: “diabetes mellitus”, “biological clock”, “melatonin”. Results. It covers the main physiological aspects of BC operation and their contribution to the maintenance of the body’s homeostasis. Also discussed are issues related to BC-mediated regulation of glucose and insulin levels. Arguments are provided to corroborate the involvement of BC malfunction in the development of DM through biological rhythm desynchronization, activation of mitochondrial dysfunction, and oxidative stress. Another point of discussion is disrupted melatonin synthesis as a marker of BC malfunction and as a possible trigger of the development of DM. Conclusion. The theory of the involvement of BC malfunction in DM pathogenesis is up-to-date and supported by scientific evidence and therefore needs to be researched and developed further.
THE ROLE OF GENETIC FACTORS IN REPRODUCTIVE DYSFUNCTION IN ADOLESCENTS WITH VARICOCELE
Authors:   Institute of Immunology and Physiology of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Pichugova Svetlana V. , Rybina Irina V. ,   State Autonomous Healthcare Institution of the Sverdlovsk Region “Clinical and Diagnostic Center Yekaterinburg”, Komarova Svetlana Yu. ,   Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education Ural State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Chereshnev Valery A. ,   Institute of Immunology and Physiology of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: February 2024

In the pathogenesis of male infertility, up to 30% of cases can be attributed to the role of genetic factors and cause both minor changes in spermatogenesis and absolute dysfunction of the gonads. With varicocele under conditions of testicular ischemia and hypoxia, the expression of various genes responsible for spermatogenesis can be modified. Target. To assess the contribution of genetic factors to the risk of reproductive dysfunction in adolescents with varicocele. Materials and methods. Adolescents with varicocele underwent karyotype analysis, study of deletions of the AZF and CFTR gene loci, and spermogram evaluation. Results. When evaluating the karyotype in adolescents with varicocele, shortening of the long arm of the Y chromosome was detected in 1 case (1%), a study of the AZF locus in three people from the main group (3%) revealed a deletion of sY1291, one person (1%) was diagnosed with a deletion in CFTR gene — Nmdel F508. In the study of spermogram, normozoospermia (52%) was most often diagnosed in adolescents with varicocele, and asthenozoospermia (24%) was diagnosed as pathological changes. Conclusions. 1. The frequency of detection of genetic factors of infertility in adolescents with varicocele does not exceed 5%. 2. The identified genetic variants in the groups of adolescents examined did not lead to impaired spermatogenesis, which allows us to consider the contribution of genetic causes to reproductive dysfunction in varicocele as insignificant.