bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
AAS DETECTION OF HEAVY METAL IN SHEEP CHEESE (THE BANAT AREA, ROMANIA)
Authors: Gogoaşă I. , Gergen I. , Rada Maria , Parvul D. , Ciobanu Camelia , Bordean Despina , Marutoiu C. , Moigradean Diana
Published: December 2021

. In this paper we present results of the measurement of some heavy metals in sheep cheese samples from three hill and alpine areas in the Banat area. We analysed, using flame and graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry, the following heavy metals: Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu, Co, Ni, Cr, Pb, and Cd. The concentration ranges in the cheese samples were: 7.22-8.85, 1.36-1.83, 17.39-23.17, 0.691-0.886, 0.020-0.102, 0.002-0.010, 0,214-0.225, 0.193-0.314 and 0.001-0.003 mg/kg for iron, manganese, zinc, cooper, cobalt, nickel, chromium, lead and cadmium, respectively. Analysing experimental data shows that the specific soil and climate factors in the area favour cheese assortments with normal heavy metal contents under the form of essential elements and of low concentrations of heavy metals potentially toxic or toxic much below admitted toxicity levels.
IDENTIFICATION AND QUANTITATIVE EVALUATION OF AMYGDALIN FROM APRICOT, PLUM AND PEACH OILS AND KERNELS
Authors: Ghiulai Viorica Mirela , Socaciu Carmen , Jianu I. , Ranga Florica , Fetea Florinela
Published: December 2021

Some kernels of different fruits, as plums,apricots, peaches, have considerable quantity of amygdalin with is a toxic substance for human organism. The paper prezents experimental data having in view the identification and quantitative evaluation of amygdalin from apricot, plum or peach oils and kernels. The amygdalin quantity was establish following the quantitative analyses using the reaction for nitrile group (-CN) with hidroxylamine as colorimetric method and using the identification and quantitative analyses of amygdalin as HPLC method. Comparing the results with some standards we conclude that the amygdalin concentration was 7-24 mg/Kg in kernels, while in oils the amygdalin was absent.
PROTEIN COMPOUNDS OF HORSE MUSCLE DEPENDING ON AGE
Authors: Guş Camelia , Semeniuc Cristina , Rotar Ancuta Mihaela , Apostu Sorin , Stetca Gheorghe
Published: December 2021

Depending on age was followed in cvadriceps femoris muscle (male horses of 4, 6, 10, 15 and 20 years):

- total proteins and proteic fractions (sarcoplasmic protein, myofibrilar protein, conjunctive protein);

- nucleus acids (RNA and DNA);

- sarcoplasmic proteins:myofibrilar proteins ratio (S/M).

Until 6 years were registered quantitative accumulations of this components. After 6 years, quantitative modifications have registered variations with age.
INVESTIGATION OF WHEAT QUALITY ON DIFFERENT SAMPLES
Authors: Gyori Zoltan , Sipos P.
Published: December 2021

The technology quality parameters of winter wheat were analysed on the results of a variety and cropping site experiment and a variety and mineral fertilizer field plot experiment. Results proves that the examined quality parameters suit the requirements of the intervention standard of European Union and international requirements for bread flour at average, but to reach safely the so called milling quality by the Hungarian Standard required higher input, especially mineral fertilizer supply. Results also show that the performance of newly bred and registered varieties is better in numerous parameters in common conditions. Results clearly show that the response of varieties to increasing mineral fertilizer doses is advantageous, and an adequate nutrient supply is guided by the requirements of selected varieties makes the results of quality more secure and the production more economical
FROM BEE TO PLATE – A SENSORY FORAY IN HONEY WORLD
Authors: Iordachescu Gabriela
Published: December 2021

Some honey samples from different areas were studied for sensory properties. A panel consisting in 15 trained tasters, identified, defined and evaluated 10 samples of honey, using Quantitative Descriptive Analysis method. The most important sensory parameters, which grouped the samples, were flowery, fruity, body. Two groups of honey consumers one consisting in children aged between 4 and 10 years old the other one in people between 40 and 70 years old were investigated using typical preference scales. The young consumers like the sweet taste, the color and are interested on the package. Another ones appreciate the flowery, fruity notes and the color. Both would like some fruits (nuts, berries…) or pollen in honey.
RESEARCH CONCERNING THE DYNAMICS OF THE MODIFICATIONS OF SOME PHYSICAL-CHEMICAL PARAMETERS DURING MATURATION OF THE SEMI-HARD CHEESES
Authors: Jimborean Mirela , Laslo C. , Ţibulcă D.
Published: December 2021

The research presented had as purpose the study of the variation of some physical-chemical parameters during the maturation of two types of semi-solid cheese. (Holland and Moeciu). For the investigations there have been harvested and analysed four samples for each type.
EXPLOITATION OF AGRI-FOOD SOLID WASTES FOR RECOVERY OF HIGH ADDED-VALUE COMPOUNDS: THE CASE OF GRAPE POMACE AND ONION PEELS
Authors: Kefalas Papagiotis , Makris D. P.
Published: December 2021

Large quantities of both liquid and solid wastes are produced annually by the food processing industry. These waste materials contain principally biodegradable organic matter and their disposal creates serious environmental problems. The waste loads at the processing plant can be significantly reduced through the use of new or modified processing methods or through in-plant treatment and reuse and a variety of processes are being developed towards this direction, aiming at converting the waste materials into bio-fuels, food ingredients and other added-value bio-products. The scope of the present study was an examination on the possibilities of using non-toxic, cheap and readily available means of recovering phenolics from red pomace and onion peels. On such a basis, the solvent systems tested were composed of ethanol, a bio-solvent that can be obtained after fermentation of the sugar-containing raw materials and distillation. In the case of red grape pomace, simple media composed of 60% ethanol were shown to be ideal for recovery of extracts with increased polyphenol concentration and antiradical activity. Higher ethanol content (90%), however, was more effective for pigment extraction. For onion peels, extracts with high flavonol recovery and a reducing power were obtained with a similar medium (60% ethanol/ 0.1% HCl), while optimisation of the extraction conditions with regard to temperature and time, afforded higher yield and more active extracts.
SHELF LIFE EXTENSION OF MEAT BY COMBINED TREATMENTS
Authors: Kiss Istvan , Beczner J. , Castillo L. A. , Meszaros L.
Published: December 2021

The aim was to study the effect of different combined treatments to prolong the shelf-life of meat. Chicken meat was dipped in Na3PO4 solution (3.8 - 15 %) for 1 min, packed and stored at 4 °C. The optimal Na3PO4 concentration (7.6 %) reduced the viable cell count by 2 log cycles, the shelf-life was minimum 3-4 days compared to the non-decontaminated samples. Higher concentration did not result in higher effectivity. Minced chicken meat and beef were treated with HHP (0-600 MPa) and nisin (670 IU g-1). In case of the vacuum packed minced chicken meat the total viable cell count decreased by 3 log cycles as an effect of HHP at 300 MPa and by 5 log cycles in combination with nisin. After inoculation with L. monocytogenes the cell count of beef meat was reduced only by pressure higher than 200 MPa. The vacuum packaging and irradiation with 2 kGy was the most effective combination. This combination resulted in a shelf-life extension to over 21 days. In the irradiated samples pathogenes could not detected. The other combination, CO2 and the gas mixture (80 % N2 – 20 % CO2) produced shorter storage time than vacuum packaging and irradiation.
HPLC FINGERPRINT OF ORGANIC ACIDS IN FRUIT JUICES
Authors: Leopold Loredana , Horst Diehl , Socaciu Carmen
Published: December 2021

Organic acids give fruit products their characteristic tartness and vary in combination and in concentrations among different juices. The organic acid profile can be used to identify a juice or verify its purity.

Typically, organic acids in fruit juices are identified and quantified by using methods such as HPLC. In this procedure, reversed phase column is used to separate and identificate six organic acids. Because several of the analytes are extremely difficult to resolve, a aqueous mobile phase is needed to enhance interaction between the acids and the C18 stationary phase.
THE ANALYSIS OF BURGUND RED WINES POLYPHENOLS CONTENT OBTAINED IN MINIS AND MURFATLAR VINEYARDS
Authors: Muresan Claudia
Published: December 2021

The researchers that were done regarded the evolution of phenolic compounds at superiors red wines from Burgund variety, obtained in Minis and Murfatlar vineyards during five years period of time.

In the purpose to obtain extractive wines and intensely coloured, external enzymatic mixtures was experienced during the maceration and fermentative processes, and for some technological phases improvement for primary wine making process.

During the hole period of study physical and chemical analyses were done to superior red wines obtained from Burgund variety, beginning with the end of alcoholic fermentation, malolactic fermentation, at 3 months, 6 months, 9 months, 12 months, 18 months and after that yearly, as for the wines obtained with external enzymatic mixtures used during the maceration – fermentation process, as for the one which weren’t treated with enzymes.

Through external enzymatic mixtures utilisation the antocians and total poliphenols to superior red wines obtained is the biggest contribution which contribute the their quality improvement, especially to colours and extractive character.
QUALITY CONTROL OF MILK HYGIENE
Authors: Muresan C. , Pentelescu O.
Published: December 2021

Variation is a typical characteristic for food products because they consist of biological materials. Especially raw materials which are directly delivered from primary production to processing companies show considerable variation. Taking into consideration the raw milk hygiene, the large variation from the incoming materials will be a great importance for the stages of processing. A real control considering hygiene of the raw and pasteurized milk is very important for the consumer safety. At the same time a statistically method used for the analysis of the quality will establish the degree of the milk hygiene but also will increase the possibility to determine the out of control situations and also could become a basic part for the process of improvement. The effect of any improvement cannot be measured if the process is unstable and shows great variation. Also the extension of some statistically method for monitoring the hygienic control of the raw material will provide us with a useful tool for the next steps in processing. Therefore, being required a profound understanding of the sources of variation. In our case quality control must be considered a major process in obtaining hygienic products.
STUDIES CONCERNING THE QUALITY OF GRAPES FROM FETEASCA REGALA AND RISLING ITALIAN VARIETIES DEPENDING ON MATURATION DEGREE AND VEGETATION CONDITIONS
Authors: Muste Sevastita , Tofana Maria , Mudura Elena , Muresan Crina , Modoran Constanta , Racolta Emil , Bogdan Ileana , Mihaiescu Tania
Published: December 2021

Knowing the evolution of grapes maturity is of great importance in grapes and good quality and healthy wines. The ripening period has 2 limits – the beginning date and the end day – one cannot be precise about the optimal moment for harvest inside this period, which is usually 10-15 days of duration.
RESEARCHES ABOUT ANTIOXIDANT CAPACITY, ASCORBIC ACID AND POLYPHENOLS CONTENTS IN SOME VEGETABLES
Authors: Pîrvulescu Luminiţa , Gergen I. , Rujescu C. , Moigradean Diana , Bordean Despina Maria , Poiana Mariana Atena
Published: December 2021

A total of 18 vegetables: bell pepper (red and green); pepper (red and green), sallow thorn (Hyppophae rhammnoides) celery (leaves and root), cabbage (white, red, curly and Bruxelles), broccoli, cauliflower, radish, dill (leaves), parsley (leaves and roots); carrots were analyzed for antioxidant activities using FRAP method, DPPH method, total polyphenols content by Folin Ciocalteu method and ascorbic acid content using 2,6-dichlorophenol indophenols. The highest TAC values was identified for sallow thorn (Hyppophae rhammnoides), red cabbage, red bell pepper and pepper.
COMPARATIVE STUDY CONCERNING MILK COMPOZITION AS RAW MATERIAL OF DIFFERENT DOMESTIC ANIMAL SPECIES
Authors: Pece Aurelia
Published: December 2021

The researches were made related to raw-material milk, for the three species (buffalo, cows, sheep) of the S.C. NAPOLACT S.A. –collecting points and involves the averages for a number of 500 collecting centre. We performed a comparison between the obtained raw milk
RESEARCHES REGARDING THE INFLUENCE OF MALT EXTRACT ADDITION ON THE BREAD QUALITY
Authors: Poiana Mariana Atena , Dogaru Diana , Mateescu C. , Mucete Daniela , Parvulescu Luminita
Published: December 2021

The purpose of this study is the pointing out of the physic-chemical modifications of the bakery products in case those during the technological process have been added malt extracts in different percentages The addition of the malt extract in different percents (1%, 2% and 3%) has been tested. In this sense, the aspect of the crust and porosity is observed, the diameter and the height of bread has been established. Also, it was determined from compression tests the young modulus for bread. A sigmoid compressive stress-strain relationship is characteristic of bread. The influence of viscoelastic characteristics of bread was studied with relaxation tests. The relaxation data could be fitted by equations that derived from generalized Maxwell model and by normalization and linearization of the experimental force relaxation curves.

The alcoholic fermentation was more intense for all samples with malt extract. This was showed by decreasing the content of reducing sugars during leaven. Also, can be observed that volume of all samples was bigger than the whiteness sample, the porosity was more visible and more uniform, the elasticity was better, and the crust was more colored because of the Maillard compounds formed during baking.
EVALUATION OF RESIDUE COMPOSITION IN CATECHIN COMPOUNDS FROM WINE INDUSTRY THROUGH SPECTOMETRIC AND CROMATHOGRAPHIC METHODS
Authors: Preda Dumitrita , Leopold Loredana , Ranga Florica , Fetea Florinela , Pop Nastasia , Socaciu Carmen
Published: December 2021

Flavan-3-ols are the result of secondary plant metabolism, being a subclass of flavonoids, also distributed in grapes. The most important property of these compounds is the antioxidant activity, due to their –OH groups and double bonds. Flavan-3-ols have the generic name “catechins”.

There are known eight types of catechin structures: catechin (C), catechin gallate (Cg), gallocatechin (GC), gallocatechin gallate (GCg), epicatechin (EC), epigalocatechin (EGC), epigalocatechingalate (EGCg).

The aim of this study is the identification and isolation of some flavan-3-ols from different varieties of romanian grapes (Vitis vinifera) through HPLC High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC), and UV-VIS analysis. The identification of catechins was made from different varieties of Romanian grapes. The total content of catechins is determined by UV-VIS analyses.
DETERMINATION OF THE METAL CONTENT IN SOME FLOURS AND PASTES OBTAINED FROM DIFFERENT WHEAT SPECIES
Authors: Raba Nicoleta Diana , Gherhen Iosif , Furdi Florina
Published: December 2021

In the present paper, we followed to determine the metal content in some different types of flour obtained from different wheat species, and in several pastes that contain flour made out of the Triticum aestivum, Triticum durum si Triticum spelta wheat species in their basic composition. In order to do this we have analyzed 10 samples: 2 flours and 8 pastes harvested from random stores, belonging to different local and foreign manufacturers. In the same time, we tryed to identify the wheat species used to produce the pastes, analyzing them depending on the metal content. The determination has been realysed using the atomic absorption spectrophotometric method, the analyzed metals being: Cu, Zn, Mn, Fe, Ca, Mg, K şi Na.
NEW USES OF THE GRAIN SORGHUMS IN FOOD INDUSTRY
Authors: Racolta Emil , Muste Sevastita , Tibulca Dorin
Published: December 2021

This paper aims to present the researches carried on the sorghum (Sorghum vulgare Pers., sin. Sorghum bicolor (L), Moench). Based on the nutritional value relatively close to the other cereal beans used in man`s nourishment, the sorghum grains are on the future raw materials for the production of expanded cereals in the food industry.

The research has been performed on the simple hybrid Fundulea 21, of the crop of the year 2001 by achieving the most adequate physical parameters for expanding: roasting time (factor A), steam pressure (factor B) and steam impregnation time (factor C).

For the assessment of the factors influence throughout several graduations, we have used the EVOP statistical processing method and variance method. The best outcomes whereby the grain volume has increased by 34,13 times, have been obtained when combining the factors: A = 12 min., B = 10 atm., C = 5 min.
PLANT AND FOOD METABOLOMICS IN THE POST-GENOMIC ERA: CONCEPTS, METHODOLOGIES AND APPLICATIONS
Authors: Socaciu Carmen
Published: December 2021

The metabolome (by analogy to genome, transcriptome, proteome) represents generally the total metabolite pool of a living organism, the entire complement of all the low molecular weight metabolites (small organic molecules, i.e. sugars, amino acids, flavours, acids, pigments, hormones) in biological samples such as a leaf, fruit, food, blood, etc. Metabolomics refers either to plants, microorganisms, food or animal and human organisms. Different specific aspects of fingerprinting, metabolic profile and metabolite target analysis are presented. A critical discussion of methodologies used in metabolomics is presented. Finally, there are mentioned the advantages offered by metabolomics versus genomics and their applications, i.e. a tremendous number of measurements to be done in short time and with high resolution and sensitivity, to realize “maps” of plants and their derived products.
RELATIONS BETWEEN STORAGE CONDITIONS AND POSSIBILITY OF PRESERVATION OF COMPLEX HYGIENIC QUALITY OF FOOD PRODUCTS OF ANIMAL ORIGIN (FISH MEAT)
Authors: Stetca Gheorghe , Gus Camelia , Laslo Ramona , Semeniuc Cristina
Published: December 2021

The results of monitoring of fish meat during storage and emphasizing hygienic complex alteration during storage is presented in this paper The fish meat, after storage at 10 days at 0°C…4 °C decrease of the total nitrogen up to 3.2-3,4 g % was recorded The ammine nitrogen records values of 520-680 mg %, ammonia nitrogen 76.4-85.3 mg %, and nitrogen from trimethylammine 2.5-3.0 mg %. After 10 days of storage at 0°C….4°C, the indices of proteolitic scindation recorded values of 16.2 - 21.3 for total N-NH2/N and 2.2 – 2.5 for total N-NH3/N. After 10 days of storage at 0°C…4°C, the chromatographic analyze of the free amino acids emphasizes an increase of the total content in free amino acids up to 284 - 330 mg % and polalographyc analyses revealed values of 9.4 – 9.6 cm for the polalographyc threshold. The content in main analyzed parameters, function of storage conditions was in majority statistical very significant (p < 0.001).

The complex hygienic conditions required by the animal food products (fish meat) storage determine us to perform this study. The results of monitoring of fish meat during storage and emphasizing hygienic complex alteration during storage are presented in this paper
Mapping coal fires using Normalized Difference Coal Fire Index (NDCFI): case study at Khanh Hoa coal mine, Vietnam
Authors: Trinh L. H. , Nguyen V. N.
Published: December 2021

Khanh Hoa coal mine (Thai Nguyen province) is one of the largest coal mines in the north of Vietnam. For many years, this area suffered from underground fires at coal mine waste dumps, seriously affecting production activities and the environment. This paper presents the results of classification of underground fire areas at Khanh Hoa coal mine using Normalized Diference Coal Fire Index (NDCFI). 03 Landsat 8 OLI_TIRS images taken on December 2, 2013, December 10, 2016, and December 3, 2019 were used to calculate NDCFI index, and then classify the underground fire areas by thresholding method. In the study, the land surface temperature was also calculated from Landsat 8 thermal infrared bands data, and then compared with the results of underground coal fire classification at Khanh Hoa coal mine. The obtained results showed that the NDCFI index can be used effectively in detecting and monitoring underground fire areas at coal mines. The use of the NDCFI index also has many advantages due to its calculation simplicity and rapidness compared to other methods for classifying underground coal fire areas.
Prediction of ground subsidence due to underground mining through time using multilayer feed-forward artificial neural networks and back-propagation algorithm – case study at Mong Duong underground coal mine (Vietnam)
Authors: Nguyen Q. L. , Nguyen Q. M. , Tran D. T. , Bui X. N.
Published: December 2021

The paper is devoted to studying the possibility of using artificial neural networks (ANN) to estimate ground subsidence caused by underground mining. The experiments showed that the most suitable network structure is a network with three layers of perceptrons and four neurons in the hidden layer with the back propagation algorithm (BP) as a training algorithm. The subsidence observation data in the Mong Duong underground coal mine and other parameters, including: (1) the distance from the centre of the stope to the ground monitoring points; (2) the volume of mined-out space; (3) the positions of the ground points in the direction of the main cross-section of the trough; and (4) the time (presented by cycle number), were used as the input data for the ANN. The findings showed that the selected model was suitable for predicting subsidence along the main profile within the subsidence trough. The prediction accuracy depended on the number of cycles used for the network training as well as the time interval between the predicted cycle and the last cycle in the training dataset. When the number of monitoring cycles used for the network training was greater than eight, the largest values of RMS and MAE were less than 10 % compared to the actual maximum subsidence value for each cycle. If the network training was less than eight cycles, the results of prediction did not meet the accuracy requirements.
Sublevel stoping with applying artificial hardening stowing pillars for extraction of veins in complicated geotechnical conditions
Authors: Khakimov Sh. I. , Urinov Sh. R.
Published: December 2021

In the process of underground mining of deep levels rock pressure can appear in any form, creating a serious threat to the lives of miners, disrupting the normal course of mining works and reducing the efficiency of mining production. The solution of the problem of rock pressure control becomes very urgent for underground mines developing vein deposits at a depth of more than 250 m. The aim of the study is the development and justification of mining methods to provide safe and efficient mining of deposits in complicated mining and mechanical conditions. In this paper, the factors of redistribution and dangerous concentration of stresses in the mined ore mass were identified, the methods of rock mass management in complicated geotechnical conditions were studied, and their advantages and disadvantages were revealed. It was determined that the sublevel stoping with the combined use of existing methods of rock pressure control and applying selfpropelled mining machinery is currently one of the most promising method finding widening application scope. In the context of Zarmitan gold ore zone the options of technological schemes of the sublevel stoping method were considered, providing for a combination of different methods of rock pressure control, allowing to minimize the disadvantages of one method through using the advantages of other ones. We proposed sublevel stoping options with artificial polygonal pillars and with artificial columnar pillars, which allowed to reduce ore losses in inter-stope pillars, arch pillars, and secondary dilution. In addition, artificial pillars, taking compressive/tensile stresses, prevent their concentration and create safe conditions for extraction at adjacent and underlying levels.
Grain size distribution of waste rock masses of Kuzbass coal strip mines
Authors: Markov S. O. , Murko E. V. , Nepsha F. S.
Published: December 2021

Grain size distribution as a structural characteristic of waste rock and bulk masses in the course of mining and construction works acquires quantitative values in the process of rock blasting and hauling of rock mass. Such physical-mechanical and structural-textural parameters of a rock mass, as the ultimate strength of rocks and rock mass, fracturing, diameter of the natural rock jointing, have a significant impact on the blasted rock mass grain size distribution. On the other hand, such characteristics as stability, permeability of waste rock masses largely depend on the lithology and grain size distribution of the loosened rocks composing waste rock dumps and their height distribution within a dump. The paper describes the findings of the study of the grain size distribution of waste rock masses of Kuzbass coal strip mines and the features of its spatial variations within the masses. The textures of the bulk masses and physical and technical properties of the stacked rocks were studied both at the Kuzbass waste rock sites and in laboratory conditions. The grain size distribution of the fine lump part of the dumps with the lump size up to 50 mm was investigated by sieve method according to GOST 12536–2014, and the medium and large lump part was studied using oblique photoplanimetry. The field observations showed that the bottom part of the rock dumps, dumped by peripheral bulldozer or excavator methods was composed of coarse fraction with average lump size of: dcr = 0.8–1 m, while the middle part, of rock lumps of dcr = 0.4–0.6 m, and the upper part, mainly of fine fraction with lump size of less than 0.1 m. The ratio of length, width, and thickness of the blasted rock lumps was 1:0.85:0.8, which corresponds to elongated-flattened shape of the lumps. This requires significant number of coordinates for describing the lump positions in the rock mass, as well as taking into account the moments of inertia when modeling the motion of such lumps until they reach a stable position. Up-to-date non-commercial or commercial software and corresponding hardware can be used to take into account non-isometric shape of the lumps when modeling their motion.
Applicability of Saccharomyces cerevisiae Strains for the Production of Fruit Wines Using Cocoa Honey Complemented with Cocoa Pulp
Authors: Koelher Bárbara Teodora Andrade , de Souza Soraya Maria Moreira , da Costa Andréa Miura , Aguiar-Oliveira Elizama
Published: December 2021

Research background. Cocoa honey and cocoa pulp are both highly appreciated fruit pulp, but until now, cocoa honey has been less processed than cocoa pulp. In this work, we investigate the applicability of Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains to ferment cocoa honey complemented with cocoa pulp to obtain fruit wines and improve cocoa honey commercialization.
Experimental approach. The strain, previously isolated from cachaçaria distilleries in Brazil, was selected based on its fermentation performance. The following conditions for fermentation with S. cerevisiae L63 were then studied: volume fraction of cocoa honey (φCH) complemented with cocoa pulp, sucrose addition (γsuc), temperature (t) and inoculum size (No). The best conditions were applied in order to obtain fermentation profiles.
Results and conclusions. S. cerevisiae L63 (No=107–108 cell/mL) is capable of fermenting φCH=90 and 80 % for 24 or 48 h with γsuc=50 and 100 g/L at t=28–30 °C resulting in wines with ethanol volume fractions from 8 to 14 %. Additionally, the wine produced from φCH=90 % had lower residual sugar concentration (<35 g/L) than the wine produced from φCH=80 % (~79 g/L) which could be classified as a sweet wine. In general, S. cerevisiae L63 resulted in a similar fermentation performance as a commercial strain tested, indicating its potential for fruit pulp fermentation.
Novelty and scientific contribution. Saccharomyyces cerevisiae L63 can ferment cocoa honey complemented with cocoa pulp to produce fruit wines with good commercial potential, which may also benefit small cocoa producers by presenting a product with greater added value.
ENTEGRE RAPORLAMAYA UYGUNLUĞU AÇISINDAN KATILIM BANKALARININ FAALİYET RAPORLARININ İNCELENMESİ
Authors: ALKOYUN Ahmet , SARI Emre Selçuk
Published: December 2021

Entegre raporlama, finansal ve finansal olmayan bilgilerin birlikte ve bağlantılı olarak sunulduğu bir raporlama türüdür. Kuruluşların sosyal, çevresel ve finansal faaliyetlerinin tek bir raporda bütüncül bir bakış açısıyla sunulduğu entegre raporlar, paydaşların kuruluş hakkında daha doğru analizlerde bulunmasına imkan tanımaktadır. Entegre raporların hazırlanması sırasında dikkate alınması gereken noktalar, Uluslararası Entegre Raporlama Konseyi tarafından 2013 yılında yayımlanan Uluslararası Entegre Raporlama Çerçevesi ile belirlenmiştir. Bugün, birçok kuruluş entegre rapor hazırlarken Uluslararası Entegre Raporlama Çerçevesi’ni baz almaktadır. Ocak 2021’de, Uluslararası Entegre Raporlama Çerçevesi basit ve net bir yapıya kavuşturulmak amacıyla Uluslararası Entegre Raporlama Konseyi tarafından revize edilmiştir. Bu çalışmada, Türkiye’deki katılım bankalarının yıllık olarak yayımlamış oldukları faaliyet raporlarının Uluslararası Entegre Raporlama Çerçevesi’nde belirtilmiş olan içerik öğelerine ve kılavuz ilkelerine yıllar itibariyle ne derece uyumlu olduğunun belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaçla, Türkiye’deki 5 katılım bankasının 2018-2020 yılları için kendi resmi sitelerinde yayımlamış oldukları faaliyet raporları içerik analizi yöntemi ile incelenmiştir. Yapılan analiz sonucunda, araştırma kapsamındaki 5 katılım bankasının her üç yıl için yayımlamış oldukları faaliyet raporlarının Uluslararası Entegre Raporlama Çerçevesi ile uyumlu olduğu saptanmıştır.
Sustainable Social Technologies In The Semiárido Of Rio Grande Do Norte – Brazil
Authors: Silva Marcia Regina Farias da , Torres Janine Beatriz , Dias Nildo da Silva , Lima Alexandre de Oliveira
Published: December 2021

Along the Brazilian history, the federal government has invested in the construction of large-scale water works in the Northeastern region, aiming to fight drought in the Semiárido and to finish with the scarcity of water by means of public policies. However, the climatic context makes drought a natural characteristic of the Northeastern region and cannot be fought against, as it is a natural phenomenon in the area. The objective of the present paper is to investigate how social technologies implemented in the Semiárido have contributed to the strengthening of women’s production capacity in the Hipólito community located in the Mossoró municipality, (State of Rio Grande do Norte, Northeastern Brazil), with the implementation of fertilized cisterns, aiming at gender equality and sustainable agriculture as preconized by Agenda 2030. As a methodological procedure, a qualitative research was carried out, adopting the participatory observation and the focal group techniques. Twelve women who integrate the Mulheres em Ação group participated in the study. It was observed that women positively perceive the impacts of the social technologies of the Um Milhão de Cisternas (P1MC) and Uma Terra e Duas Águas (P1+2) programs in the Hipólito community. Moreover, agriculture practices involved in the construction of the water reuse technology in their yards yielded positive expectations regarding production by the addition of another social technology that will make a larger volume of water available to the community. It is concluded that social technologies coexisting with the Semiárido have contributed to a new territorial development model, consonant with the Semiárido characteristics.
What are the effects of irrigation rates and cropping systems on the soybean agronomic traits?
Authors: Cruz Victor Hugo , Tomaz Rafael Simões , Lima Ronaldo Cintra
Published: December 2021

The irregularity and uneven distribution of rainfall may restrict the potential productive development of soybeans, causing numerous losses to farmers. The use of irrigation systems in hydrically heterogeneous areas are important measures that should be adopted during the crop cycle. Furthermore, the implementation of conservationist strategies, such as crop rotation or intercropping and no-till (NT) farming systems, can minimize the damage caused by water deficit. Therefore, the present study aimed to evaluate the soybean yield under different irrigation sheets and cropping systems in the extreme west of São Paulo. A completely randomized design was used, with 10 repetitions, in a subdivided plot scheme. The treatments were composed of different cropping systems in the plots, with four levels (conventional system; NT, using Urochloa brizantha  cv Paiaguás; U. brizantha  cv Piatã; and  U. ruziziensis  cv Ruziziensis), and different irrigation scheduling in the subplots, with three levels of irrigation scheduling (0%, 70% and 100%) based on reference evapotranspiration (ETo). Irrigation rates of 70% and 100% ETo in the conventional system provided higher grain yields under the climatic conditions in which the experiment was conducted. However, the continuity of long-term research is necessary, since NT is incipient, and have been implemented only two years ago. This is a relatively short period to observe the advantages of this cultivation system and for its consolidation process. Thus, the Brachiaria residual dry mass showed similar behavior in NT at the irrigation levels evaluated.
Geoprocessing and Landscape Ecology for Assessment Fragmentation and Connectivity of the Habitats of the Microregion of Ceres, Goiás (Brazil)
Authors: Souza Josimar dos Reis de , Reis Laís Naiara Gonçalves dos
Published: December 2021

This study aimed to map and evaluate the evolution of habitat fragmentation between 2009 and 2018, using the Microregion of Ceres (Goiás) as a sample reference, using principles of Landscape Ecology. The methodology comprised the mapping of the fragments in the two years analyzed, using the OLI/Landsat 8 sensor, using scenes 222/70 and 222/71. The SPRING 5.2 software was used, where the supervised classification was performed, applying the semi-automatic process. The computational algorithm applied to classify the scenes was Maxver, which classifies pixel by pixel and groups the information of each one into homogeneous regions. After extracting the fragments of native vegetation, the methodology proposed by Juvanhol et al. (2011), in which the fragments were grouped into classes: Very Small (MP) ≤5 hectares; Small (P) ≥5.01 and ≤10 hectares; Medium (M) ≥10.01 and ≤100 hectares and Large (G) ≥100.01 hectares. For the analysis based on metrics in Landscape Ecology, the ArcGis 9.2 Patch Analyst extension was used. The results showed the expansion of vegetation cover areas in the study area, concentrated on tops of hills, APP and legal reserves. However, they pointed out intense fragmentation of native vegetation, which hinders the performance of fragments as habitats. It is considered that, from the contemporary problem of degradation of natural environments to the detriment of economic development, studies like this are necessary in order to identify existing environmental problems and propose strategies to minimize and mitigate ecological imbalances.
Access to water and sanitation in brazilian regions
Authors: Guedes Walef Pena , Sugahara Cibele Roberta , Ferreira Denise Helena Lombardo
Published: December 2021

The lack of urban planning combined with the disorderly occupation of large urban centers results in the lack of sanitation services. This condition generates harmful impacts on social well-being and natural resources. The water crisis in Brazilian regions imposed by the serious pollution of water bodies triggers a series of conflicts related to water scarcity and multiple uses. The present study aims to verify the consequences in the generation of diseases in the face of sanitation conditions in Brazilian regions. The method used in this work is descriptive with a qualitative approach. Indicators related to the share of the population with access to water and sewage collection and hospitalizations due to waterborne diseases in the Brazilian regions were analyzed. The sanitation indicators are intended to measure the impacts generated and provide information that can help in the management and sustainable use of water resources in order to establish priority actions for public policies. As a result, it is observed that the issue of universal sanitation that emerges from this discussion should be of interest to the national policy agenda, considering the negative externalities arising from the lack of this service. This argument is based on promoting the dignity of human life as advocated by the 2030 Agenda. It is important to highlight the implications of the precariousness of access to water and sanitation in the context of productive activities and income generation, since the health of workers in the regions most deprived of these services tends to be precarious.
Urban social movements
Authors: Costas Aelton Dias , Silva José Augusto Lopes da , Oliveira Rita Denize de , Santos Jorge Sales dos
Published: December 2021

The discussions permeate the municipal emancipation of Icoaraci, the current administrative district of Belém, capital of the state of Pará, and gain prominence due to its historical context, where there are several attempts that propel in this same direction, district emancipation. In this sense, the purpose of this work is to try to understand the discourses that promoted these movements, in order to examine the regionalist issue employed in them, together with the icoaraciense indemnity process. For this, a bibliographical and documentary research was carried out, also starting with digital media. There is a strong influence of the power groups present in the region, which end up shaping the regionalist and emancipationist discourse, selling them to the rest of the population.
Climate Change and Environmental Education
Authors: Aguiar Denise Regina da Costa , Camargo-Cruz Paulo Eduardo Alves , Resende Flávia Grecco
Published: December 2021

This article sought to analyze the Climate Action Plan for the City of São Paulo 2020-2050 (PlanClima SP), published in June 2021, in dialogue with the documents: Curriculum of the City of Natural Sciences and 2030 Agenda. In a critical perspective of Environmental Education, the PlanClima SP establishes some actions towards zero carbon in 2050. In this sense, the objective of the study was to analyze the potentialities presented in the document for the development of sustainable pedagogical practices. The methodology selected for this study was qualitative, carried out with the analysis of the cited documents based on the concept of the Critical Environmental Education. The results found demonstrate practical possibilities for actions aimed at training critical and reflective students for a sustainable development. The Environmental Education actions proposed in the analyzed material point to the modification and construction of behaviors and attitudes aimed at the culture of environmental preservation. It is concluded that the discussion about carbon emissions in a critical and conscious way, through pedagogical practices, is powerful in environmental preservation and sustainability.
Historical Site Teresinense
Authors: Figueiredo Camila Soares de
Published: December 2021

Architecture is inevitably involved in the most diverse processes that determine urban dynamics, and, therefore, it is important to contextualize it, understanding its heritage relevance, as well as the historical, cultural and urban value of the place where it is built. This article seeks, therefore, to build a panorama that links the urban evolution of the city of Teresina to the work of engineer Cícero Ferraz de Sousa Martins, who stands out as a relevant sample of the architecture produced during the first half of the 20th century in the capital of Piauí. This relationship is structured in the study of Avenida Frei Serafim, which houses a large part of this engineer's productions and whose construction represents, for Teresina, a milestone in its urbanization, giving the city a centrality independent of its initial site. Therefore, the methodology used is based on bibliographic research and data collection in public collections and virtual repositories, especially regarding the particularities of Avenida Frei Serafim and the productions of Cícero Ferraz. Thus, the research develops from the urban evolution of the city to the construction of the public place in question, emphasizing its consolidation as part of the historic urban site. Then, there is an articulation between different urban scales, through the construction-lot connection, as well as an analysis of the potential of this avenue as a “timeline” regarding the architectural development of the capital. Therefore, the work strives to reinforce the inseparability between architecture and urbanism while also ratifying the urgency that must be had in overcoming superficial and strictly formal diagnoses in this field.
Implementation of temporary bike lanes as support tools for mobility in Bogotá, Colombia, during the COVID-19 emergency
Authors: Olmos Camilo Andrés Mora , Borchers Tatiane , Guerreiro Thais de Cassia Martinelli
Published: December 2021

The COVID-19 pandemic presents itself as the greatest health challenge of the 21st century. Among the key measures to contain the spread of SARS-CoV-2 is social isolation, which has affected the processes related to urban mobility. With the need to reduce passengers on public transport and to curb an increase in car trips, several cities have sought to encourage the use of bicycles. This study analyzes the implementation of temporary bike lanes in Bogotá, Colombia, as a measure to confront the COVID-19 pandemic, the changes derived from this measure, and carries out a perception survey on the implementation of this infrastructure. The results show the implementation of 74 kilometers of temporary bike lanes, of which some of them have already been transformed into permanent; the survey shows an increase in the modal participation of the bicycle and that there is an acceptance of the transformation of the infrastructure from temporary to permanent character. However, participants evaluated safety and infrastructure quality criteria negatively. The city’s solutions, although capable of improvement, contribute to other cities implementing cycling infrastructure in the pandemic scenario and work to ensure a modal transition in the post-pandemic period.
Management of Water Resources in the Semiarid Region of Rio Grande do Norte: a case study on the municipality of Lucrécia
Authors: Oliveira Marlene Yara Tenório Soares de , Silva Marcia Regina Farias da
Published: December 2021

This research aimed to identify water resources management strategies in extreme drought event scenarios in the municipality of Lucrécia, in the state of Rio Grande do Norte (RN), in the period 2012 to 2018. As a methodological procedure, a bibliographical and documentary, in addition to field research, with interviews with municipal managers and residents. A photographic record of the study area was also carried out. It was found that, in the city, there is a folder dedicated to water resources that guides water management and is the basis for the adoption of measures aimed at municipal supply in times of difficult access to water, due to the reduction in water availability. It was observed that part of the interviewed population understands the drought as responsible for the difficulties faced in the city, mainly about the reduction of the water level in the reservoir. It was found that, of the 52 towns belonging to the hydrographic basin of the Apodi-Mossoró river, only 10 participate in the meetings of the basin committee, the municipality of Lucrécia does not have representatives on the Committee. This finding deserves special consideration since water and the administration of its multiple applications are generators of conflicts, it highlights the importance of understanding how municipalities in the Semiarid region carry out the management of water resources and how they understand the challenges of coexistence with its area, aiming at the sustainable use of water.
Dynamics of exposure to mercury in a population of the upper Madeira River, Rondônia – Brazil
Authors: Serra Clarisse Vasconcellos , Silva Tania Machado , Bernardi José Vicente Elias
Published: December 2021

This work evaluates the influence of cognitive and sociodemographic functions on the dynamics of human exposure to mercury in communities on the upper Madeira River in the state of Rondônia, Brazil. In this longitudinal epidemiological study of convenience sampling (2009 to 2019), semi-structured questionnaires on cognitive and sociodemographic aspects were applied to 1,089 participants (646 men and 443 women) divided into 6 groups with distinct geographic characteristics and lifestyles. Total mercury concentrations in hair samples were determined by direct analysis using atomic spectroscopy. In this population, cognitive (memory, attention span, concentration and difficulties in reading,  writing and mathematical calculations) and sociodemographic (location, gender, age, education, alcohol consumption, smoking habits, time of residence in the region, occupation) grouping showed the differentiation between the groups with lifestyle directly related and dependent on extractivism/gold mining dispersed along the Madeira River (G1 and G2), and the groups that have urban dynamics on the margins of the federal highway BR-364 (G3, G4, G5 and G6). Sex, age and lifestyle (groups) were significant indicators of total mercury concentrations in hair. The organization of participants according to cognitive and sociodemographic profiles, regardless of geographic location, highlights the contribution of individualized social dynamics to mercury exposure in the Madeira River basin region. Despite socio-historical and socio-economic similarities, cognitive and sociodemographic functions show individualized social behaviors within communities, which may influence the process of exposure to THg.
Promising chemical barrier substance applied to ichthyofauna in hydroelectric plants
Authors: Figueiredo Wllyane Silva , Silva Tania Machado da , Zara Luiz Fabrício
Published: December 2021

In hydroelectric plants, there are, on a regular or untimely basis, shutdowns of the generating units in order to carry out some maneuvers for tests and mechanical maintenance. The low operating flow increases the probability of accumulation of ichthyofauna in the draft tube. As a result, the variables that determine the quality of water can change, which requires a broad and coordinated human effort to rescue trapped fish. In addition to the risks related to work safety, there are large economic liabilities as a result of the downtime of the generating units. To minimize this problem, it is necessary to improve techniques for repelling fish from risk areas. The detection of chemical substances in water is one of the most efficient methods of communication between fish. Thus, this study presents a brief review of alarm substances, which are released by the fish epidermis as a sign of defensive response to a dangerous situation and are promising for use as a chemical barrier in the hydroelectric sector.