bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A STUDY ON THE OUTCOME OF COVID-19 PATIENTS OF VARYING SEVERITY BASED ON VARIOUS MODALITIES OF OXYGEN SUPPLY
Authors: Krishna. M Vijaya , V Aswathi , S Durgaprasad.
Published: December 2022

Introduction: The COVID 19 disease known to cause by severe acute respiratory syndrome corona virus 2(SARSCoV2) causes various symptoms among infected individuals of varying severity. Patients can be categorised as having
mild, moderate or severe disease based on their oxygen saturation at room air at the time of presentation.The outcome of the patients on various
modalities was asseseed. It isa restrospective observational study done Materials And Methods: in government general hospital, Vijayawada,in
100 patients between august 2020 to October 2020. Out of 100 selected cases 63 pat Results: ients were males and 37 were females. Mean age of
patients57.96years Out of 100 cases 80 cases were severe and 20 cases were moderately severe. All 20 patients who belong to moderate severity
received O2via face mask and all were discharged successfully. Among 80 patients who were severely affected 51 patients received O2 via face
mask, 26 patients were on non invasive ventilation andt three patients on mechanical ventilator. The COVID-19 pandemic due to Discussion:
SARS-CoV-2 has lead to substantial increase in hospitalisations for pneumonia with multi organ dysfunction. This infection is spread primarily
via respiratory droplets. The most common symptoms are fever, dry cough and shortness of breath. Large number of infected patients were
given oxygen supplementation by several means including oxygen via face mask, non invasive ventilation and mechanicalventilation. Along
with oxygen support patients were also treated with antivirals, anticoagulants, steroids and other supportive treatment measures in various
centers. Covid 19 is a pandemic spread by SARS CoV 2 which mainly infects respi Conclusion: ratory system and hypoxia is one of the primary
cause that leads to death and multiple organ dysfunction.According to this study patients with severe disease at the time of presentation has less
favourable outcome than moderate cases.
REMDESIVIR IN PATIENTS WITH ACUTE OR CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE IN COVID-19 AND IMPACT ON LIVER AND KIDNEY FUNCTION
Authors: Thakur Anurag , Bhatia Rajeev , Marwaha Ajay
Published: December 2022

Introduction: Acute Kidney Injury is commonly present in Covid-19 hospitalised patients whereas chronic kidney
disease and end-stage renal disease are also common comorbidities in patients who develop severe COVID-19. These
patients require antiviral medication as early as possible but there is no current guidelines for use of Remdesivir therapy in these patents and drug
is not used initially in these patients. Antiviral strategies are desperately needed in this population to treat these patients as early as possible.
Material And Methods: We conducted an observational, retrospective cohort study of adults with COVID-19 conrmed by RT-PCR who had
eGFR < 30mL/min/1.73m2 or received RRT prior to receiving at least one dose of Remdesivir. eGFR was estimated from the serum creatinine
value just prior to the rst dose of Remdesivir using the Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration calculator. The majority of
patients requiring supplemental oxygen were offered Remdesivir; eGFR cut-offs were not used as a strict exclusion criteria. All patients with
eGFR < 30mL/min/1.73m2 who received at least one dose of Remdesivir in hospital were included in the study. AKI was dened as at least a 1.5-
fold rise in creatinine from baseline per KDIGO criteria. CKD was dened as eGFR < 60mL/min/1.73m2 between 7-365 days prior to
admission. Patients with “stable CKD” did not meet criteria for AKI at the time of starting Remdesivir. ESRD was dened as requiring RRT > 3
months prior to hospitalization. The primary objectives were to describe changes in ALT, AST, and Bilirubin and serum creatinine during
Remdesivir therapy, and to report adverse effects attributed to Remdesivir. A Results: total of 41 patients with eGFR <30 ml/min per 1.73 m2 at
the time of Remdesivir initiation were included in the study. 27 patients were in intensive care, and 14 patients were mechanically ventilated at
the time of Remdesivir initiation. At the time of Remdesivir initiation, 30 patients were receiving RRT. 11 patients with eGFR <30 ml/min per
1.73 m2 were not on RRT at the time of starting Remdesivir. Four patients developed ALT more than the upper limit of normal and only two
patients developed ALT more than 5 times, that may be contributory to other factor also. In general, limited information is available Conclusion:
on the impact of SARS-CoV-2 infection in patients with eGFR less than 30. Impact of Remdesivir on these patients and their liver and kidney
functions are not well studied. Although the available clinical data are limited, but it shows that impact of Remdesivir on liver and kidney
function in patients of eGFR less than 30 is limited. However further studies are needed.
A COMPARATIVE STUDY BETWEEN SUBFASCIAL ENDOSCOPIC PERFORATOR LIGATION WITH OPEN SUBFASCIAL PERFORATOR LIGATION FOR TREATMENT OF VARICOSE VEINS.
Authors: Ratna Kishore S. B. , Jyothiswari M.
Published: December 2022

Background: Varicose veins is a common problem present in at least 10% of the general population and 5% in India.
Subfascial endoscopic perforator surgery is a minimally invasive approach for ligation of abnormal perforator veins
under the muscle fascia of the legs. Aim: To compare subfascial endoscopic perforator surgery with open perforator legation in the treatment of
varicose veins. This prospective study comprised of 60 patients with varicose ve Materials And Methods: ins. Of the 60 cases, 20 cases
underwent subfascial endoscopic perforator surgery and 40 Patient underwent Open subfascial perforator surgery. The operative time for Result:
subfascial endoscopic perforator surgery was less than that of open subfascial perforator surgery. Improvement in the skin pigmentation, aedema,
ulcer healing was better with subfascial endoscopic perforator surgery. The recurrence rate was found to be 30% with open subfascial perforator
ligation whereas it was 0% with subfascial endoscopic perforator surgery. Subfas Conclusion: cial endoscopic perforator surgery is easy,
technically efcient, has less operative time, better healing of ulcer and low recurrence.
CORRELATION OF 6MWD WITH FEV1% & DLCO% IN COPD PATIENTS
Authors: Shahid Shaik , Purna k.prasanna , Krishna.B Siva , Kiran A.jaya
Published: December 2022

BACKGROUND: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is the third leading cause of death worldwide, causing 3.23
million deaths in 2019 according to WHO. Nearly 90% of COPD deaths in those under 70 years of age occur in low and
middle income countries (LMIC). There may be a considerable nancial burden due to limitation of workplace and home productivity, and costs
of medical treatment. Spirometry is used not only for conforming the diagnosis but also for grading the severity of COPD. 6MWD test has gained
importance's in the assessments of functional exercise capacity in patients with COPD and other Respiratory diseases. Diffusion Capacity of the
Lung for Carbon Monoxide (DLCO) has been employed as an additional investigation to aid in assessing the properties of gas transfer in many
respiratory diseases. It is a hospital based cross sectional and analytic MATERIALS AND METHODS: al study performed over a period of 12
months (June 2021-june 2022) in the department of Respiratory medicine, Narayana medical college and hospital, Nellore, in 30 patients
diagnosed with COPD and patients were subjected to 6MWD, spirometry and DLCO. RESULTS: Correlation between FEV1% & DLCO%,
FEV1% & 6MWD and DLCO% & 6MWD were done respectively. Among the rst correlation(FEV1% & DLCO%) there is a statistically
signicant moderate and strong positive correlation observed in severe and very severe patients respectively. Among the second correlation
(FEV1% & 6MWD) only in the whole sample there is statistically signicant moderate positive correlation observed. Among the third
correlation (DLCO% & 6MWD) only in severe patients of COPD there is a statistically signicant moderate positive correlation observed.
There is a slightly greater correlation for DLCO% & 6MWD compared to FEV1%. In CONCLUSION: severe COPD patients decline in
6MWD can be used to monitor the disease progression where as the decline in DLCO% can be used to keep track of the severe and very severe
stages of COPD. Incorporating of DLCO in grading COPD severity can help as a marker of exercise capacity limitation.
SEVERE NECROTISING FASCIITIS COMPLICATED BY ADMINISTRATION OF NSAIDS - A CASE SERIES
Authors: M.S Anil Kumar , N M Girish Kumar , Pavan Rajesh Kavuru
Published: December 2022

Necrotising fasciitis can be described as a severe soft tissue infection that results in progressive destruction of
subcutaneous fat and fascia. Necrotising fasciitis is commonly due to Streptococcus pyogenes infection but often due to
mixed infections like anaerobes, coliforms and gram negative organisms. The capacity of NSAIDs of disregulating the production of
inammatory mediators (such as cytokines, proteases, etc.) by leucocytes is a plausible biological mechanism to explain how these drugs might
predispose to Necrotising Fasciitis or impede its timely recognition and management. Furthermore, intramuscular injection of NSAID can
provoke severe tissue trauma, such as aseptic tissue necrosis, representing a local portal of entry for infection that can progress to NF, potentially
masking symptoms of Necrotising fasciitis leading to delaying in diagnosis. This study aims to establish an association between Severe
Necrotising fasciitis in patients with administration of NSAIDs. This study described 14 cases of Necrotizing fasciitis admitted in JSS hospital,
severity complicated by administration of NSAIDS. A detailed description of the patients was done in the case report.
STUDY OF THE HISTOPATHOLOGICAL SPECTRUM OF SOFT TISSUE TUMORS IN A TERTIARY CARE CENTRE IN GWALIOR
Authors: Rahul Arvindra , Bhushan Reema
Published: December 2022

Introduction: Soft tissues are the supporting component of the body comprising of brous (connective) tissue, adipose
tissue, skeletal muscle, blood vessels, lymph vessels and peripheral nervous system. Soft tissue tumors have extensive
discrepancy with respect to their benign or malignant nature which can be detected by microscopic examination. Hence histopathological
examination plays a crucial role in their further management. A study of 222 ca Material And Methods: ses of soft tissue tumour was carried out
from 1st January2018 to 30th June 2019. Soft tissue specimens which were received at the Pathology Department of Gajra Raja Medical
College, Gwalior were studied by routine histopathological examination. All the data relevant to the cases were collected and compared. Results:
The incidence of soft tissue tumors was found to be more in males with male: female ratio of 1.3:1. Most common affected age group in our study
is 31-40 years. Out of total 222 cases, 213 were benign lesion and 9 were malignant.Most common benign soft tissue tumor in present study was
lipomatous followed by peripheral nerve sheath tumors( PNST, 24.32%), followed by vascular tumor (23.42%). Schwannoma and neurobroma
were seen among the PNST.There were 2 cases each of malignant rhabdomyosarma, synovial sarcoma and undifferentiated pleomorphic
sarcoma. Soft tissue malignancy ranges from a broad spectrum of histogical types Conclusion: of benign and malignant tumors. Hence,
histopathological examination plays a key role as identication of various premalignant lesions and malignant lesions on time can improve
patient's prognosis.
Revisando os conceitos de Ciência da Informação, Comportamento Informacional e Mediação da Informação
Authors: Carvalho Milena Carla Lima de
Published: December 2022

A presente publicação de matriz conceptual propõe-se revisitar conceitos de epistemologia e ciência da informação, desde a epistemologia ou teoria do conhecimento convencionais na ciência moderna às epistemologias nas ciências da informação, o que, entre outras revisões críticas da literatura, implica atender a um resgate da epistemologia (projecto, propostas e processo de transformação) nas últimas décadas (Nunes, 2008)1. Esta proposta mais recente de “pragmatismo epistemológico” advoga um programa alternativo de alternativas, opondo a todas as formas de soberania epistémica a noção de “ecologia de saberes”
Comparative Study Between The Effects Of Henna (Lawsonia Inermis) Alcoholic Extract And The Autologous Platelet Rich Plasma (PRP) On The Cartilage Healing Of Rabbits.
Authors: Farman Rafid Hadi
Published: December 2022

It's very interested to study new herbal therapy as henna and compare its effect on cartilage healing with another modern therapy as Platelets – Rich Plasma (PRP).Twenty seven domestic male rabbits was included in this study, divided into three groups of 9 animal randomly, groups of henna 20%, groups of (PRP), and control groups, and also each group subdivided in to 3 subgroups depending on the time of sampling 7,21,45 day, 5 mm in diameter of  injury full-thickness skin wound was created on the ear of each rabbit. The wounds in first group were treated with Henna after operation for 7 days, while its in second group treated with (PRP) either for 7 days , and the control group the wounds was abdicated by distal water only.  The results of this study are very important to find a new cheap herbal therapy. The results publicized that the wound healing in Henna treated groups happened faster than the (PRP) groups, and  the complete healing happened in 49 days after treated by henna extract.Grossly and histological evaluations shows clearly, the superiority of henna extracts 20% effects on cartilage healing in compare with (PRP).
Contemporary Chinese Sculpture Promoting the “Idea of China” (the case of Cao Chunsheng and Deng Ke)
Authors: Fang Zhiyu
Published: December 2022

Ever since the beginning of the Reform Era, China rapidly and steadily walks the path of socialism with Chinese characteristics. Moving towards the new era, the Chinese government and society do not forget about their values and guidelines, the "Idea of China" is developed in art. Art pieces aim to promote Chinese cultural traditions, patriotism, the fighting spirit of Chinese nation. Sculpture is actively involved in this process as one of the art forms that allows broadcasting ideas about beauty and justice. Over the years, sculptors have persisted in exploring different genres and styles, which has gradually improved the creation of contemporary “China's theme” in sculpture and formed a distinctive diversity. Among the sculptors that contributed to this process, the most representative and prominent artists are Cao Chunsheng and Deng Ke, who both have formed unique and distinctive styles. Cao Chunsheng as a sculptor from older generation, has undergone the influence of the “Soviet school” and has a vast experience in large-scale monument sculpture. In his art he mainly focuses on major historical themes. Deng Ke belongs to the emerging generation of sculptors who grew up in the Reform Era. Most of her works are small and medium-sized easel sculptures, and her favoured topic is life and society in the new times. Both sculptors work in different styles and genres, but together they form the face of contemporary sculpture promoting the “Idea of China” that this paper seeks to explore.
The Future Belongs to Those Who Can Make it a Reality
Authors: Burganova Maria A.
Published: December 2022

The article is devoted to the specifics of modern museums, positioning themselves as museums of the future. The author analyses this new format in the world of museums. The Museum of the Future in Dubai, created by Sean Killa with the participation of Killa Design, Buro Happold and Mattar ben Lahej, serves as an example. The author notes a particular interest in the construction of museums around the world. This arises from the unique purpose of such objects - their ability to become a symbol of the city and, in a certain sense, create its positive image in the public mind. Such prominent architects as Zaha Hadid, Peter Schweger, Aldo Rossi, Hans Hollein, Axel Schultes, Shigeru Ban and others paid attention to the construction of museums. Considering several relatively new museum buildings, the author identifies some general trends, among which, first of all, are the expressiveness of architectural images and a change in the museum concept. As a rule, there are no works of art in the museum of the future. The author believes that this is perhaps the most shocking moment experienced by those visitors who were hoping for a meeting with the classics or contemporary art. The traditional image of the temple of the muses and the national treasury has been replaced by a new museum, in which the priority is given to meeting with the event. Now the museum is a place of educational programs, an opportunity to test one’s creative abilities. The modern museum, which has chosen the position of interpreting the future, is a kind of intellectual, communicative, public centre with leisure services.
Preliminary Results of the Flight. Maria Burganova’s Art
Authors: Yakimovich Alexander K.
Published: December 2022

The article is devoted to the work of Maria Burganova, a sculptor, graphic artist, theorist of fine arts. Considering her sculptural compositions, created over a quarter of a century, the author explores the evolution of artistic images, focuses on the peculiarities of the artist's shaping, noting a new understanding of immateriality despite the massiveness of sculptural works and the laws of gravity. External laconicism and clarity of form are paradoxically combined with a wide range of tense internal states in her works. The search for an actual artistic image and its new plastic expression, experiments with forms of the "sign" type, emphasized comparisons of different scales in a single space distinguish Maria Burganova’s works.
Analisis Dampak Kanvas Bisnis Model Pada Proyek Kewirausahaan Sosial untuk Aplikasi Keselamatan Diri (FSA)
Authors: Prabawanti Benedicta Evienia
Published: December 2022

The beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic required humans to spend more time at home because of the government's policy of limiting activities. This study turned out to be a source of trigger for the emergence of social violence in society. Data shows that the level of violence in Indonesia, particularly in Jakarta, is increasing as the Covid-19 pandemic continues. All forms of violence can occur anywhere and anytime. Although various services are provided to victims of violence and improvements in education and technology this is not enough to reduce the violence in Indonesia. This article was written using a qualitative method by analyzing the social impact of the business model canvas to design a feel safe application (FSA). The data used helps strengthen why this FSA project needs to be made as a social entrepreneurship project. The data was obtained through secondary data from government publications and publications related to research that discussed increased social violence in the household and the environment since the COVID-19 pandemic. Implementing FSA as one of the social entrepreneurship projects is expected to impact the community by minimizing the number of violence and increasing public awareness of violence and its impact on victims.
Konzo: intoxicação crônica por compostos cianogênicos encontrados na mandioca (Manihot esculenta Crantz)
Authors: Silva Sthéfanny Correia Balduino , Cardoso Alessandra Marques
Published: December 2022

O presente estudo objetivou revisar a literatura científica sobre a intoxicação crônica causada por compostos cianogênicos encontrados na mandioca (Manihot esculenta crantz). Trata-se de uma revisão narrativa com seleção de estudos nas bases de dados Portal de Periódicos da Capes, Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS), Scientific Eletronic Library Online (SCIELO) e PubMed, por meio dos Descritores em Ciências da Saúde (DeCS) nos idiomas português e inglês, de 2017 a 2022. As regiões com maior número de casos de konzo são aquelas onde a desnutrição da população é elevada, fator crucial para a intoxicação por compostos cianogênicos encontrados na mandioca. A doença ocorre abruptamente, afetando o neurônio motor superior, causando paraparesia bilateral irreversível e danos cognitivos que podem afetar o desenvolvimento neurológico, principalmente em crianças. Melhoria nutricional e redução dos índices de HCN pelo processamento adequado da mandioca podem evitar a intoxicação. A desnutrição é fator desencadeante para o konzo por afetar a produção de aminoácidos essenciais que são importantes no processo de desintoxicação.
Detection of mcr-1-mediated resistance to polymyxins in Enterobacterales using colistin disk chelator application
Authors: Azyzov Ilya Sulejmanovich , Martinovich А.А.
Published: December 2022

Objective.
To evaluate the possibility of using the colistin disk chelator application (CDCA) method as simple and available screening tool for detection of mcr-1-mediated resistance to polymyxins in Enterobacterales.

Materials and Methods.
A total of 47 colistin-resistant Enterobacterales isolates obtained in 2014–2020 within multicenter MARATHON study were included in the experiment. Colistin susceptibility testing was performed using Mueller–Hinton broth microdilution method according to ISO 20776-1:2006. Interpretation of the results was performed according to EUCAST v.12.0 clinical breakpoints. MCR-genes were detected by multiplex real-time PCR. Phenotypic screening for mcr-expression was performed on Mueller–Hinton agar by application of dipicolinic acid in concentration of 1,000 mcg/disk in 10 µL volume per disk and 0.5 M solution of EDTA in 5 µL volume per disk. Chelating effect was registered by differences in zone of growth inhibition around colistin disks with and without chelator. Measurements were performed with the help of caliper in millimeters. Statistical data processing was carried out in accordance with guidelines for statistical analysis in medical researches using MS-Excel tool.

Results.
In 25 of 47 included in the experiment enterobacteria isolates mcr-genes were detected by molecular method. MCR-detection by CDCA method identified the average difference value of the zones of growth inhibition for colistin and its combination with EDTA and DPA as 4.1 mm and 3.7 mm respectively for mcr-positive isolates and 1.7 mm and 1.2 mm respectively for mcr-negative isolates. Statistical analysis estimated that a difference of ≥ 3 mm in zone of growth inhibition for combination of colistin with one of the chelating agents when compared to colistin only allows us to conclude that a studied isolated carries mcr-1-mediated resistance to polymyxins. In addition, sensitivity of the test was 96% and specificity was 91% if DPA is used, while EDTA showed only 88% sensitivity and 77% specificity.

Conclusions.
Proposed method appears as available technique for phenotypic screening of the Enterobacterales order for mcr-1-mediated resistance to polymyxins for practical laboratories in present conditions. The use of DPA is preferred because of better specificity and sensitivity rates.
Phenotypic and genetic characteristics of antimicrobial resistance of Klebsiella pneumoniae clinical isolates in hospitals of Nizhny Novgorod
Authors: Gordinskaya Nataliya A. , Boriskina E.V. , Kryazhev D.V.
Published: December 2022

Objective.
To study in vitro antimicrobial resistance and prevalence of the most clinically important carbapenemases genes in Klebsiella pneumoniae clinical isolates in Nizhny Novgorod.

Materials and Methods.
A total of 238 K. pneumoniae clinical isolates from upper and lower respiratory tracts, abdominal cavity, urogenital tract, and wound discharge were tested in this study. Species identification was done using WalkAway 96 analyzer (Siemens, Germany) with POS Combo Type 20 tablets (Beckman Coulter, USA) and Multiscan FC spectrophotometer (Thermo Scientific, Finland) with Microlatest tablets (PLIVA-Lachema, Czech Republic). Antimicrobial resistance was determined by discdiffusion method and using microbiological analyzer WalkAway 96 (Siemens, Germany). Minimal inhibitory concentrations for colistin were determined using the “MIC Colistin” kit (Erba Mannheim, Czech Republic). Detection of carbapenemases genes (KPC, OXA-48 group, IMP, VIM and NDM) was performed by RT-PCR using CFX-96 machine (Bio-Rad, USA) and commercial kits «MDR KPC/OXA-48-FL» and «MDR MBL-FL» (AmpliSens, Russia).

Results.
More than 90% of K. pneumoniae isolates in Nizhny Novgorod were resistant to III–V generation cephalosporins, 53.8% – to gentamicin, 71.2% – to ciprofloxacin, 81.2% – to co-trimoxazole, 88.1% – to ertapenem, 37.1% – to doripenem, 21.6% – to imipenem, 34.3% – to meropenem, 3.2% – to colistin. Genes of КРС-like carbapenemases were detected in 13.1% of isolates, OХA-48 – in 21.6%. Metallobeta-lactamases were not identified among tested isolates.

Conclusions.
Currently, there are no antimicrobials that active against all K. pneumoniae isolates in Nizhny Novgorod. Carbapenems and polymyxins remain active against more than 50% of isolates.
Degradability and Organic Strength of Gross Organic Pollutants In Surface Water of Mini Whuo Stream Obio/Akpor, Rivers State, Nigeria
Authors:   Department of Chemistry, Ignatius Ajuru University of Education Rumuolumeni, P.M.B. 5047, Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria, Edori E. S , Edori O. S , Nwoke I. B
Published: December 2022

Water samples were collected from Mini Whou Stream and analyzed for gross organic pollutants and the results was used to evaluate the organic strength of the Stream. The gross organic pollutants studied were dissolved oxygen (DO), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) and chemical oxygen demand (COD). Dissolved oxygen within the months studied ranged from 5.45±0.15-5.58±0.14mg/L, which were lower than the WHO value for drinking water. Biochemical oxygen demand within the months studied ranged from 36.25±4.47-36.55±3.88mg/L, which was higher than the recommended level for drinking water by WHO. Chemical oxygen within the months studied ranged from 51.82±3.25 – 52.57 mg/L which was above the WHO acceptable level. The organic strength (BOD/COD) of the surface water during the months ranged from 0.69–0.70. The results recorded revealed that the stream was polluted with gross organic pollutants and is therefore not fit for human consumption. The values recorded for organic strength indicated that microbial breakdown of organic matter was very active, which showed that the water of the stream was contaminated with organic pollutants. This should therefore discourage input of organic matter from diffuse sources into the stream. Keywords: Biological oxygen demand, chemical oxygen demand, dissolved oxygen, gross organic pollutants, organic strength
Experience in use of graphite drain rings in manufacture of high-temperature alloy castings
Authors: Berstnev A.A. , Shchapov V.A. , Khasanova L.A.
Published: December 2022

The possibility for using drain rings made of electrode graphite in the manufacture of high-temperature castings is shown. Comparative studies of drain rings made of ZhS6U (ZhS6K), VKh4L, VKNA2M alloys and electrode graphite is carried out. It is noted that graphite rings have all the necessary requirements for drain rings, along with increased heat resistance compared to the widely used in the production of drain rings made of high-temperature alloys.
Review of studies on effect of gadolinium alloying on properties of corrosion-resistant steels. Part 1. Effect of gadolinium on properties of micromelts made of corrosion-resistant steel
Authors: Degtyarev A.F. , Skorobogatykh V.N. , Mukhanov E.L. , Nuraliev F.A.
Published: December 2022

The effect of gadolinium on the properties of corrosion-resistant steels used to ensure nuclear safety during the temporary storage, transportation and final disposal of spent nuclear fuel is studied. It is revealed that at present there is great interest in replacing boron with gadolinium for the absorption of thermal neutrons in alloys, which is a global trend. It is established that gadolinium, being a lanthanide, has the largest thermal neutron capture cross section and, despite its high atomic mass, remains the most effective neutron absorber that can potentially ensure the nuclear safety required for temporary storage, transportation and final disposal of spent nuclear fuel. The results of analytical studies can be used as a methodological material for laying of the foundations for the widespread use of gadolinium-containing materials in advanced designs of neutron absorbers, temporary and centralized storage facilities and containers for transporting spent nuclear fuel, as well as in the construction of shields for the protection of nuclear power plants.
Complex evaluation of composites based on carboxymethyl cellulose with aluminum for obtaining of functional coatings with added mechanical performance
Authors: Antonova N.M. , Lebedev V.A.
Published: December 2022

The approach allowing to obtain composite functional materials with predictable mechanical properties is presented. The possibility of numerical calculation of the composition of the protective KMZ—Al coating, which provides the specified mechanical characteristics, with the help of the program module developed in the Microsoft Visual environment, is shown. The morphological traits and structure of the coating have been studied by SEM, XRD and IR spectroscopy methods. It has been established that the chemical makeup of the composite does not change in the process of formation from suspension.
Effect of multilayer coatings based on zirconium and titanium on wear resistance of carbide tools during turning of stainless steel
Authors: Fominov E.V. , Aliev M.M. , Torop Yu.A. , Mironenko A.E. , Fomenko A.V. , Marchenko A.A.
Published: December 2022

In this article, the influence of coatings of the type (Ti—Zr)N—TiN, TiN—ZrN and ZrN—(Ti—Zr)N—TiN obtained by physical vapor deposition on the wear resistance of T15K6 cemented carbides plates during longitudinal turning blanks from stainless steel 12X18H10T is considered. It has been experimentally established that the presence and composition of the coating on the working surfaces of the tool in all cases contributes to a significant decrease in the wear rate of cemented carbides inserts. According to the research results, the composition ZrN—(Ti—Zr)N—TiN should be considered the best option. During the cutting process, for a tool with this type of coating, the minimum wear along the flank surface and the length of chip contact with the rake surface, as well as the smallest values of the shear angle in the zone of primary plastic deformations, were recorded.
Modification of gas-thermal coatings by laser radiation
Authors: Kharakhashev A.Kh. , Aliev M.M. , Mitrofanov A.А. , Chashchin E.А. , Balashova S.A.
Published: December 2022

The results of the researches which determine the dependence of gas-thermal coating porosity on the laser radiation parameters are given in the article. It determines such operational characteristics as thermocyclic and corrosion stability. In order to solve the problem, at the first stage the based on analytic dependences effect of a laser radiation to surface layers of gas-coating is described. The discontinuity of coating was taken into account, what was explained by presence of open and closes pores. It was shown that it’s necessary to produce the temperature range of “point of fusion — boiling point” on the surface of coating for the decrease of coating porosity as the action of laser radiation. The increase of the temperature above this range which is generated by the rise of the radiation rate results to evaporating of coating surface layers leading to its complete elimination in the thermal affect zone. At the second stage the experimental researches were realized. They consisted in the laser treatment of two types gas-thermal coating with a preliminary evaporation. The coatings which are based on the metal lic (PN-85-U-15) and non-metallic (Al2O3) components were analyzed. The quantitative assessment of porosity modification were realized by means of the based on Visual Studio 2008 program. This image processing program allows to compare the microstructure of the occupied by pores and coating material areas pixel-by-pixel. It has been established that the action of laser radiation leads to reduction of average porosity of gas-thermal coating. This reduction is: — the porosity in the initial position for coating of a PN 85-U-15-based alloy is 17 %; after the laser treatment it’s 5...8 %; — the porosity in the initial position for ceramic coating of Al2O3 is 24,5 %; after the laser treatment it’s 15...18 %.
Temperature-time characteristics of hardened and modified surface layers of parts
Authors: Butenko V.I. , Korolkov Yu.V.
Published: December 2022

The role of the temperature-time characteristics of the surface layers of the part hardened and modified with copper in determining their performance properties is shown. Regularities of changes in the temperature-time characteristics of technological residual stresses depending on the state of the surface layer of parts are studied. It is proved that at the maximum value of the initial value of the temperature-time characteristic of the hardened modified layer of the part, the friction coefficient for given conditions and friction modes has the smallest value.
РОЛЬ ФАКТОРОВ ЧЕЛОВЕЧЕСКОГО РАЗВИТИЯ В ОТРАСЛЯХ ЭКОНОМИКИ
Authors: Илаева З.М. , Дендиева Л.Р.
Published: December 2022

Одной из фундаментальных экономических проблем является объяснение феномена развития национальных хозяйств и факторов, обеспечивающих изменения в долгосрочном периоде. Начиная с классических работ в области экономики, значительное количество исследователей обращало внимание на показатели инвестиций в физический капитал, рабочую силу и развитие земельных ресурсов для поддержки равномерного роста. Между тем современные концепции в большей степени опираются на ценности экономики знаний, а именно на информацию и данные, которые трансформируются в полезный интеллектуальный продукт и способны поддержать инновационное технологическое развитие, повысить эффективность инвестиций в физический капитал и продуктивность работников. В настоящее время уровень социально-экономического развития национальной экономики оценивается не только по технико-экономическим показателям и уровню развития промышленного производства, но в основном по уровню развития человеческого капитала и потенциала. В статье рассмотрены особенности человеческого потенциала на основе факторов и условий для его развития, а также концепция и индексы человеческого потенциала, которые способствуют инновационному развитию экономики.
ТЕОРЕТИЧЕСКИЕ АСПЕКТЫ ГОСУДАРСТВЕННОГО УПРАВЛЕНИЯ ИННОВАЦИЯМИ
Authors: Магомадова Э.И. , Висалиева П.А.
Published: December 2022

В современных условиях активных процессов глобализации социально-экономических отношений всего мирового сообщества обеспечение стабильного экономического роста за счет поддержания научно-технической и инновационной активности, которая обеспечивает создание и внедрение новых продуктов, технологий, материалов, оборудования и иной наукоемкой продукции, является обязательным фактором «выживания» и дальнейшего развития национальной экономики. Развитие национальной экономики и, как следствие, современные условия и уровень жизни населения все больше становятся зависимы от эффективности использования интеллектуального потенциала, результатов научно-исследовательских работ, разработки и последующего производства конкурентоспособной продукции – уровня развития науки и научных знаний. Как следствие, в текущих реалиях можно утверждать, что инновационная активность как отдельного хозяйствующего субъекта, региона, так и государства в целом является основой развития конкурентоспособности и залогом выживания на рынке.
ОСНОВНЫЕ ПОНЯТИЯ И КЛАССИФИКАЦИЯ ВИДОВ ТУРИЗМА
Authors: Хабиева З.Д. , Мусостова Р.Б.
Published: December 2022

В настоящее время необходимость повышения туристического потенциала, развития и совершенствования сферы туризма не вызывает сомнения. Необходимо создать систему подготовки кадров для осуществления профессиональной деятельности в сфере туризма, работы над туристическими проектами, для обеспечения продвижения туристических услуг, рекламы, обеспечить возможность подготовки и профессиональной переподготовки, повышения квалификации персонала в сфере туризма. В статье охарактеризованы основные понятия туризма и приведена классификация видов туризма.
ПОНЯТИЕ И СУЩНОСТЬ МЕЖДУНАРОДНОЙ ТРУДОВОЙ МИГРАЦИИ
Authors: Хадуева Я.А. , Айдамирова С.А.
Published: December 2022

При мониторинге социально-экономического развития и политической устойчивости той или иной страны можно воспользоваться самыми разными индикаторами, но именно миграционные процессы зеркально отражают текущее положение в странах, дают достоверное понимание внутренней атмосферы страны, проявляясь как реакция на внешние раздражители, в связи с чем важно анализировать и прогнозировать миграцию, исследовать ее генезис и природу. Анализ и прогнозирование миграционных процессов позволит понимать реальные социальные проблемы, разрабатывать взвешенные антикризисные стратегии и системно их реализовывать. В данной статье миграция рассматривается как социально-экономи-ческий процесс, принимая во внимание роль миграционных процессов в истории расселения человечества по земле.
РАЗВИТИЕ ИННОВАЦИОННЫХ ПРОЦЕССОВ КАК ОСНОВА
ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКОГО РОСТА СТРАНЫ
Authors: Хамурадов М.А.
Published: December 2022

В данной научной статье выявлена актуальность инновационного развития экономики и ее значимость для стабильного экономического роста в современных условиях. Раскрыта сущность и значимость инновационной экономики в современных условиях. Исследованы инновационные процессы в стране за последние годы. В результате проведенного анализа инновационных процессов сделаны выводы, выявлены проблемы, препятствующие эффективному развитию инноваций в стране. На основании оценки инновационных процессов и выявленных проблем предложены меры по развитию инноваций в стране и становлению инновационно ориентированной экономики страны.
ИНВЕСТИЦИОННАЯ ПРИВЛЕКАТЕЛЬНОСТЬ ЧЕЧЕНСКОЙ РЕСПУБЛИКИ
Authors: Юсупова Т.А. , Джанхотова П.М.
Published: December 2022

В данной статье рассмотрены особенности развития инвестиционной привлекательности Чеченской Республики. Также проводится анализ инвестиционного процесса на основе статистических данных. Это связано с тем, что инвестиции и инвестиционная деятельность являются основным фактором преодоления экономического спада в регионе. Проводится анализ факторов, влияющих на региональную инвестиционную активность. Рассмотрены источники формирования инвестиций в регионе. Инвестиции определяют размер экономики региона. Труд жителей является важнейшим элементом основ экономического развития, основанного на нем общества. Та-ким образом, в статье рассмотрены вопросы, связанные с эффективной реализацией инвестиционной программы республики.
МЕТОДЫ ПОВЫШЕНИЯ УРОВНЯ БЛАГОПОЛУЧИЯ ПЕРСОНАЛА НА ПРЕДПРИЯТИЯХ В ЭПОХУ ЦИФРОВИЗАЦИИ
Authors: Яндарбаева Л.А. , Костоева А.А. , Дикаева Х.М.
Published: December 2022

В современном мире, когда экономика все больше проникает в фазу цифровизации, нарастает все большее количество проблем, связанных с благополучием работников, что негативно сказывается на деятельности предприятий, усиливает социальную напряженность и ухудшает общее положение предприятий на рынке из-за снижения производительности труда. Актуальность данной статьи заключается в необходимости изучения специфики социального благополучия и феномена презентеизма российских организаций, а также факторов, непосредственно оказывающих влияние на изменение самочувствия сотрудников.
РОЛЬ КОНТРОЛЛИНГА В УПРАВЛЕНЧЕСКОМ ПРОЦЕССЕ СОВРЕМЕННОГО ПРЕДПРИЯТИЯ
Authors: Болотханов Э.Б. , Болотханов И.Э.
Published: December 2022

В статье исследована роль и место контроллинга в управленческом процессе предприя-тия. Определена степень исследования значения контроллинга для отечественных пред-приятий. Обосновано различие между категориями «контроль» и «контроллинг», опре-делены особенности контроля как составной части контроллинга предприятия. Доказа-но, что контроль ориентирован на прошлое, тогда как контроллинг ориентирован на бу-дущее. Определено, что контроллинг выражает оперативные и стратегические ориен-тиры в деятельности предприятия, инновационную значимость современных систем управления, используемых современными предприятиями. Исследованы особенности реа-лизации функций контроллинга в управленческом процессе современного предприятия. Определено, что важнейшим элементом системы контроллинга современного предприя-тия является система информационных потоков на предприятии.
ЦИФРОВАЯ ЗРЕЛОСТЬ ТЕРРИТОРИИ: ОБЗОР ПОДХОДОВ К ОПРЕДЕЛЕНИЮ И ОЦЕНКЕ
Authors: Гайрбекова Р.С. , Юшаева Р.С.-Э.
Published: December 2022

В условиях цифровизации экономики и перехода к «электронному государству» происходит дифференциация уровней внедрения и использования информационных технологий в регионах России. В процессе исследования авторами были применены системный анализ, сравнительный объектный анализ и ряд других инструментов проведения научного исследования. В работе авторами проведены исследования в области внедрения цифровых технологий не только в национальные и муниципальные системы управления, но и в коммерческую сферу, т.к. цифровая зрелость бизнеса имеет важное значение в условиях цифровой трансформации предприятий, государства и общественных инициатив. Авторами рассмотрены модули региональной «цифровой зрелости», а также структура услуг по уровням для расчета показателя «Увеличение доли массовых социально значимых услуг, доступных в электронном виде, до 95%». В данной статье выявлены проблемы цифрового неравенства в регионах России, требующие обширных теоретических исследований, научных доказательств и более совершенных инструментов для выработки практических решений.
ИНВЕСТИЦИОННАЯ ПОЛИТИКА И ИНВЕСТИЦИОННЫЙ КЛИМАТ РОССИИ В УСЛОВИЯХ САНКЦИЙ
Authors: Аслаханова С.А. , Бексултанова Х.А. , Чураев И.Б.
Published: December 2022

Обеспечение надлежащего уровня и качества жизни в нашей стране на данный момент сталкивается с наличием целого ряда угроз, которые связаны с экономической безопас-ностью, в том числе со снижением инвестиционной деятельности. Совершенствование инвестиционной деятельности является одной из главных целей государства, поскольку она влияет на все сферы жизнедеятельности. Высокая зависимость поступлений дохо-дов бюджета от нефтегазовых доходов обуславливает воздействие на экономическую безопасность государства нестабильности на мировых валютных, финансовых и товар-ных рынках. Нехватка бюджетных средств ведет к сокращению в первую очередь госу-дарственных инвестиционных расходов. По этой причине необходима системная работа по совершенствованию инвестиционного климата государства и регионов.
ОСОБЕННОСТИ РЕГУЛИРОВАНИЯ ИННОВАЦИОННОЙ ДЕЯТЕЛЬНОСТИ ПРЕДПРИЯТИЙ
Authors: Довлетмурзаева М.А.
Published: December 2022

Авторами статьи рассматривается управление инновационным процессом при помощи взаимодействия анализа рисков и инструментов качества. В статье уделяется особое внимание анализу, а также инновационным процессам компаний. Также проведена оценка эффективности процессов на основе взаимодействия подразделений, принимающих участие при жизненном цикле выпускаемой продукции. Значимость и актуальность данной статьи заключается в усиливающейся конкурентной борьбе на рынке. Процесс инновационной деятельности является важным компонентом работы предприятия. Процесс управление тем или иным объектом или услугой поможет отслеживать ритмичность работы и перспективность инновационного решения. В работе сделан вывод о том, что устойчивая внешняя политика предприятия на рынке товаров и услуг не может существовать без налаженной внутренней работы предприятия.
СИСТЕМА КОМПЛЕКСНОГО ПЛАНИРОВАНИЯ ОПЕРЕЖАЮЩЕЙ ПОДГОТОВКИ КАДРОВ:
ОСОБЕННОСТИ НЕФТЕГАЗОВОГО КОМПЛЕКСА
Authors: Ефимочкина Н.Б. , Сулумов С.Х.
Published: December 2022

Статья посвящена одной из важнейших проблем обеспеченности предприятий персоналом, уровень и квалификационные компетенции которого адекватно и мобильно применимы к динамично изменяющимся условиям современного развития. Традиционные формы и методы подготовки профессиональных кадров недостаточно эффективны и зачастую не отвечают потребностям экономики и производства. Объективные условия развития обусловили необходимость качественно новых подходов к подготовке профессиональных кадров. Сегодня профессиональная подготовка кадров включает большой спектр задач и проблем, которые требуют решения и создают условия для эффективного функционирования и конкуренто-способности предприятий в условиях глобализации, стремительного развития наукоемких технологий, неопределенностей и рисков экономического рынка. Авторами на примере нефтегазовой отрасли показана наиболее перспективная форма подготовки кадров – опережающее обучение. Выявлены и детализированы механизмы планирования данного сегмента профессионального обучения. Показано, что именно эта форма обучения является платформой для инновационного развития.
СОВРЕМЕННЫЕ ЦИФРОВЫЕ ТЕХНОЛОГИИ В ЛОГИСТИЧЕСКОЙ ДЕЯТЕЛЬНОСТИ ПРЕДПРИЯТИЙ
Authors: Закриева З.М. , Зармаев Э.А.
Published: December 2022

В статье исследованы современные инновационные технологии логистической деятельности предприятий. Отмечено, что в условиях ускоренных темпов развития общества во всех сферах предпринимательской деятельности возникает потребность в формировании и усовершенствовании системы инноваций и внедрения инновационных процессов в предпринимательскую деятельность. В ходе исследования установлены пространственные аспекты взаимосвязи логистики с инновационной деятельностью предприятий. Выделены факторы, влияющие на уровень результативности логистических процессов. Определены проблемы развития инновационной составляющей в деятельности предприятий. Даны практические рекомендации по реализации эффективной логистической поддержки инновационной деятельности предприятий. Определены основные положения логистической концепции при управлении инновационной деятельностью предприятий. Использование логистических инноваций в системе управления позволит предприятию повысить эффективность своей деятельности и обеспечит его конкурентные преимущества в динамичной рыночной среде. Стремительное развитие цифровых технологий бросает вызов традиционному представлению о логистике и приводит к революционным изменениям в применяемых способах, приводит к усложнению организации логистической деятельности и необходимости поиска оптимальных решений по доставке товаров и обработки информации.
ОСОБЕННОСТИ РЕГУЛИРОВАНИЯ ПРИ МИРОВОМ ФИНАНСОВОМ КРИЗИСЕ 2007–2009 гг.
Authors: Аслаханова С.А. , Чураев И.Б. , Бексултанова Х.А.
Published: December 2022

В данной статье определены особенности регулирования при мировом финансовом кри-зисе 2007–2009 гг. С 2007 года, с начала финансового кризиса, ученые, политики и регулирующие органы ломают голову, пытаясь найти «путь к стабильной финансовой системе». Разумеется, регулирование и надзор за банками не могут предотвратить фи-нансовые кризисы со стопроцентной уверенностью. Но можем предположить, что, по крайней мере, можно сделать финансовую систему менее уязвимой и таким образом смягчить последствия кризисов. Начало и развитие международного финансового кри-зиса выявили многочисленные недостатки в банковском регулировании и банковском надзоре. Важно отметить, что вмешательство государства в банковские операции правомерно только в том случае, если оно служит общему благу. Таким образом, необ-ходимо повысить прозрачность новой нормативно-правовой и институциональной структуры.