bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Clinical and laboratory characteristics of IgG4-realated disease and its diagnostic algorithm
Authors: Sokol E V , Vasilyev V I , Palshina S G , Kokosadze N V , Probatova N A , Kovrigina A M , Safonova T N , Rodionova E B , Gaiduk I V , Selifanova E I
Published: June 2019

Aim: to propose diagnostic algorithm of IgG4-related disease (IgG4-RD). Materials and methods. One center retrospective research. 52 pts with IgG4-RD were included. The diagnosis was proved histologically and immunohistochemically. 48 out of 52 pts received treatment. Treatment included one of the following schemes (along with low oral glucocorticoids): rituximab monotherapy, cyclophosphamide monotherapy or their combination. Results. The mean age was 47.4±5.9 years, the mean age of the disease onset was 43.9±16.0 years. Median time before the diagnosis was 24 months. The most often sites of IgG4-RD were lacrimal (63.5%), salivary (46.2%) glands, lungs (48%), lymph nodes (34.6%) and retroperitoneum (17.3%). In clinical picture the leading complain was organ enlargement, but not its dysfunction. Pain was characteristic for retroperitoneum localization. In 56.8% of pts with IgG4-related syalo - and/or dacryoadenitis there was association with ear - nose - throat organs affection. In 4 pts (7.7%) IgG4-RD was combined with some malignant disease, including MALT-lymphoma of lacrimal glands. Irreversible organ damage as an IgG4-RD outcome had 15.4% of pts. The main laboratory markers of IgG4-RD were ESR elevation (38.5%), blood eosinophilia (9.6%), immunological disturbances (serum total IgG and IgG4 elevation, IgE elevation, antinuclear antibodies, rheumatoid factor detection, hypocomplementemia). Serum IgG4 level >1.35 g/l was elevated in 88% of pts and correlated with the number of affected organs (Spearman correlation coefficient 0.39, Student’s test, р=0.0056). Monoclonal serum secretion and B-cell clonality in the tissue was detected in 4 (23.5%) out of 17 pts, but not all of them had both signs. Conclusion. Based on the analysis of clinical and laboratory characteristics of IgG4-RD a diagnostic algorithm was proposed that enhances the detection and examination of the patients with suspected IgG4-RD.
Optimal duration of adjuvant trastuzumab therapy in patients with HER2-possitive early breast cancer: whether the problem is resolved?
Authors: Zhukova L G , Ganshina I P , Khatkova E I , Tikhomirova T E , Kondratyeva O E
Published: June 2019

According to the results of the conducted studies in the early 2000’s, adjuvant trastuzumab for 1 year has been admitted the gold standard since 2006. However, the high cost of treatment and the increasing of the risk of cardiotoxicity have led to new clinical trials concerning the short-course trastuzumab regimen. The study deals with the results of the number of the largest randomized trials associated with the comparison of 6 months (the PHARE trial and the HORG study), 9 weeks (the Short-HER study and the SOLD study) and 12 months duration of adjuvant trastuzumab therapy in combination with chemotherapy in patients with HER2-possitive early breast cancer. Today, none of the studies has shown statistically significant evidence of the possibility to reduce the duration of adjuvant trastuzumab therapy.
Ribociclib in 1st line HR+ breast cancer treatment
Authors: Zhukova L G , Ganshina I P , Gordeeva O O , Lubennikova E V
Published: June 2019

Breast cancer is a leading oncologic disease among women worldwide. Though the achieved results in treating patients with luminal subtypes are high, there is a great demand on new approaches in this field. This article highlights the new CDK4/6 inhibitor ribociclib as well as presents clinical cases from the own clinical practice obtained during phase IIIb COMPLEEMENT trial.
Opportunities of the pharmacogenetic approach to personalized tamoxifen breast cancer therapy: case reports
Authors: Savelyeva Marina I , Dudina Irina A , Zaharenkova Juliya S , Ignatova Anna K , Ryzhikova Kristina A , Sozaeva Zhannet A , Kudlay Dmitriy A , Perfileva Oksana M , Poddubnaya Irina V
Published: June 2019

Tamoxifen is the selective modulator of estrogen receptors. Nowadays, it is widely used for treatment of premenopausal women with ER(+) breast cancer likewise for postmenopausal women with treatment contraindications to aromatase inhibitors. Tamoxifen is a prodrug which is metabolized by cytochrome P450 (CYP): CYP2D6, CYP3A4, CYP3A5, CYP2C9, CYP2C19 to active metabolites. There is high variability in the CYP genes therefore differences in tamoxifen metabolism, tamoxifen individual response and efficacy are observed among patients. This article presents two clinical case reports. Both patients have breast cancer luminal A subtype, similar prognosis and are administered tamoxifen but they have diverse clinical effects. Patients responded to the survey questionnaire, then samples of buccal epithelium were taken for genetic analysis of CYP2D6*4, CYP3A5*3, CYP3A4*17, CYP2C9*2,3, CYP2C19*2,3, ABCB1 gene mutations by use of real time PCR. In patient A samples were detected significant mutations in CYP2D6 (*1/*4), CYP3A5 (*3/*3) и CYP2С9 (*2/*3), but there were no mutations detected in patient B. It is interesting that patient B has had prominent tamoxifen adverse effects, such as flushes, ostealgia, faintness, after 1 month of tamoxifen therapy. Patient A has taken tamoxifen for 19 months without any adverse effects. Also there is a review in this article about clinical value of different CYP2D6, CYP3A5, CYP2C9 polymorphisms. Additionally, we make a suggestion about the role of polymorphisms in tamoxifen adverse effects and the way of solution for problems of tamoxifen resistance. We suppose that routine genetic study before tamoxifen administration would help to predict individual intolerance and increase the efficacy of treatment.
Relevance of endosonography in diagnosis of tumor and pretumor pathology of the larynx, oropharynx and laryngopharynx
Authors: Allakhverdieva Goncha F , Sinyukova Galina T , Malikhova Olga A , Tumanian Armen O , Cherkes Leonid V , Gudilina Elena A , Danzanova Tatiana Yu , Opekunova Viktoriia V
Published: June 2019

Aim. The study objective is studying the possibility of endosonography in the diagnosis of tumor and pretumor pathology of the larynx, oropharynx and laryngopharynx. Materials and methods. Endosonographic study was conducted in 20 patients with tumors and suspected tumors of the larynx, laryngopharynx and oropharynx. Results. The use of endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) method was useful and important in determining the thickness and structure of the tumor, with hyperplasia of the lingual and palatine tonsils. Endosonographic picture of fibrous changes after surgery and post-radiation changes, lack of blood flow in the fibrous tissue and blurred contours gave additional information in the differential diagnosis of tumor and non-tumor changes. The results of the ultrasound examination performed in the standard B-mode for the presence of tumors, cysts and formations, suspicious of the tumor of the submucosal layer of the oropharynx and larynx, which were not determined by endoscopic examination, were confirmed. Conclusion. Obtaining a sonographic image simultaneously with endoscopic examination of the formations in the submucosal layer of the oropharynx and larynx will shorten the diagnostic algorithm of the study in patients with pathological changes in this area. The use of endosonography made it possible to confirm the data obtained by ultrasound examination in B-mode and which were not confirmed by endoscopic examination.
Pengaruh Pengungkapan Akuntansi Lingkungan dan Kepemilikan Saham Terhadap Nilai Perusahaan Melalui Kinerja Keuangan
Authors: Suaidah Yuniep Mujiati
Published: June 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh pengungkapan akuntansi lingkungan dan kepemilikan saham terhadap nilai perusahaan melalui kinerja keuangan. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah perusahaan manufaktur yang terdaftar di BEI sub sektor kemasan dan plastik. Sampel berjumlah 9 perusahaan dengan menggunakan metode purposive sampling. Data yang diperoleh dalam penelitian ini yaitu berasal dari data sekunder yakni data yang terdapat di bursa efek indonesia. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah Uji Asumsi Klasik. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh pengungkapan akuntansi lingkungan dan kepemilikan saham terhadap nilai perusahaan melalui kinerja keuangan. Kinerja keuangan juga mampu memoderasi pengungkapan akuntansi  lingkungan  terhadap  nilai  perusahaan,  dan  juga  kinerja  keuangan mampu memoderasi kepemilikan saham terhadap nilai perusahaan. Karena itu, pengungkapan akuntansi lingkungan perlu dicantumkan ke dalam laporan keuangan agar nilai perusahaan semakin baik, selain itu komposisi kepemilikan saham perusahaan juga di jadikan faktor agar nilai perusahaan semakin baik
Pengaruh Daya Saing Destinasi Wisata Terhadap Implementasi Re-Visiting Commitmen Wisatawan Objek Wisata Di Kota Palembang
Authors: Annisa Mutiara Lusiana , Hutasoit Ganda
Published: June 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh daya saing destinasi wisata terhadap implementasi re-visiting commitmen wisatawan/turis ke objek-objek wisata dikota Palembang. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan alat analisa regresi. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah wisatawan lokal/domestik dan mancanegara yang berkunjung ke objek wisata di Palembang. Sampel yang dilibatkan dalam penelitian ini adalah 240 responden yang dipilih secara acak dan terbagi dalam 120 responden wisatawan lokal dan 120 wisatawan mancanegara. Hasil analisis untuk wisatawan lokal menunjukkan bahwa variabel: 1) Kebijakan, perencanaan, dan pengembang destinasi dan 2) Manajemen destinasi,  berpengaruh terhadap implementasi re-visiting commitmen wisatawan domestik. Sedangkan variabel: 1) Sumber dan daya tarik utama dan 2) Persyaratan dan penjelasan faktor penentu tidak berpengaruh terhadap re-visiting commitment wisatawan domestic pada objek-objek wisata di kota Palembang. Untuk hasil analisis wisatawan mancanegara menunjukkan bahwa variabel: 1)  Sumber dan daya tarik dan 2) manajemen destinasi, berpengaruh terhadap re-visiting commitment, sedangkan variabel: 1) Faktor dan sumber pendukung, 2) kebijakan, perencanaan dan pengembangan destinasi, 3)  persyaratan dan penjelasan faktor penentu, tidak berpengaruh terhadap re-visiting commitment.
Pengaruh Efektifitas Diri Dan Spesifik Internet Terhadap Tingkat Ansietas Pengguna Internet
Authors: Harris Ibnu , Fitriansyah Ahmad
Published: June 2019

Ansietas atau rasa tidak nyaman seorang pengguna internet bisa dirasakan dalam berbagai macam bentuk. Orang yang kurang percaya diri akan kemampuannya dalam menggunakan internet, tidak puas akan keahlian internet ataupun perasaan tidak nyaman dalam menggunakan internet dapat dikatakan memiliki efektivitas diri yang lemah. Penelitian ini berjenis kuantitatif dengan pendekatan kausal komparatif, yaitu membahas masalah berupa hubungan sebab akibat antara variabel independen (efektivitas diri dan spesifik internet) dengan variabel dependen (ansisetas pengguna internet). Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh dosen, tenaga kependidikan, dan mahasiswa yang aktif pada tahun akademik 2016/2017 di Universitas Universal (UVERS). Adapun sampel yang diambil dan layak digunakan sebagai sumber data primer sebanyak 222 orang, dengan teknik pengambilan data purposive sampling. Alat analisa menggunakan Regresi Linear Berganda, Uji-T, dan Uji-F. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan Efektivitas diri tidak memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan dengan ansietas pengguna internet. Hal ini juga menunjukkan semakin tinggi tingkat efektivitas diri seorang pemakai internet, maka belum tentu menyebabkan perubahan tingkat ansietas pengguna internet. Akan tetapi factor spesifik internet, berpengaruh pada ansietas pengguna internet.
PENGARUH POLA ASUH AUTHORITATIVE DAN KONFORMITAS TEMAN SEBAYA TERHADAP PROBLEMATIC ONLINE GAME USE (POGU) PADA PELAJAR SMP “X” SEMARANG
Authors: Linayaningsih Fitria , Virgonita I.W. Mulya
Published: June 2019

Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara pola asuh Authoritative dan konformitas Teman Sebaya dengan Problematic Online Game Use (POGU).  Definisi Problematic Online Game Use (POGU) yaitu perilaku bermain game online yang menyebabkan gangguan pada aspek psikologis, sosial, dan pekerjaan atau sekolah. Teknik pengambilan sampel yang digunakan adalah purposive sampling, subyek penelitian ini adalah siswa SMP “X” Semarang. Alat ukur yang digunakan adalah Skala Problematic Online Game Use (POGU), Skala Pola Asuh Authoritative dan Skala Konformitas Teman Sebaya. Metode analisa data menggunakan analisis regresi dua prediktor. Analisa data menunjukkan hasil 0,207 ( p ≥ 0,05 ) = tidak signifikan, yang berarti tidak ada korelasi antara pola asuh authoritative dan konformitas teman sebaya terhadap Problematic Online Game Use. Pola asuh dan konformitas teman sebaya hanya mendorong  awal munculnya perilaku ini, tetapi muncul perilaku yang bermasalah karena individu menemukan kepuasan  dan tantangan dalam online game.

 
Origini e sviluppi del giornalmastro nell’Italia dell’Ottocento
Authors: Coronella Stefano
Published: June 2019

Il giornalmastro (il Journal-Grand-Livre), un innovativo e geniale registro contabile derivante dalla fusione del libro giornale e del libro mastro inventato da Edmond Degrange ai primi dell’Ottocento, è stato di fondamentale importanza per la modernizzazione della contabilità. Attraverso di esso, infatti Degrange ha aperto la strada all’utilizzo e favorito l’affermazione della partita doppia di tipo “sintetico” e dei conti “sinottici” dopo secoli di adozione della partita doppia di tipo “analitico”. Peraltro, il giornalmastro ha suscitato pure un notevolissimo interesse tra gli studiosi ed i professionisti, tanto che numerose sono le applicazioni contabili apparse nell’Ottocento che si basano sulla sua logica. La possibilità di “sintetizzare” i conti e ridurre il numero dei registri da utilizzare ideata dal Degrange ha spinto infatti molti autori a proporre nuovi procedimenti e congegni contabili basati su un registro di tipo sintetico. In Italia le più importanti applicazioni contabili di quel periodo – fra cui anche la Logismografia di Giuseppe Cerboni, utilizzata per quindici anni come metodologia delle scritture dello Stato italiano – devono la propria esistenza alla rivoluzionaria invenzione del giornalmastro. Scopo del presente lavoro è pertanto quello di individuare le applicazioni contabili che in Italia sono “derivate”, in maniera più o meno evidente, dal giornalmastro, evidenziandone le analogie e le differenze rispetto a quest’ultimo. Ciò ci consente anzitutto di evidenziare il concreto contributo di Edmond Degrange allo sviluppo della tecnica contabile in Italia – contributo che, per lungo tempo, è in realtà stato sottovalutato se non addirittura dimenticato – nonché di “mappare” lo stato della tecnica contabile italiana alle soglie del XX secolo. A tale fine sono state accuratamente esaminate tutte le opere di ragioneria apparse in Italia dalla divulgazione del giornalmastro (avvenuta nel 1804) a tutto il XIX secolo e, per tutte quelle per le quali si è riscontrata una “base” tecnica riconducibile al giornalmastro, è stata poi effettuata un’attenta analisi comparativa. Il lavoro è suscettibile di ulteriori approfondimenti in particolare per quanto riguarda un’analoga indagine in altri Paesi.
Students’ Perceptions Regarding their B.A. in English Language Graduate Profile
Authors: Vez-López Enrique , Jiménez-Velásquez Briseida
Published: June 2019

This paper examines the perception undergraduate students have, prior to graduation, regarding the attributes they have developed in terms of transferable and communicative skills. The goal was to shed light on how undergraduate students in the context of this research perceive their graduate profile. This study was carried out at a university school of languages in southeast Mexico over the course of a year, from August 2016 to July 2017. Thirty male and female students participated in the study. Their ages ranged from 21 to 30 years old. They all were about to complete the last term of the BA program at the time the data were collected. The data collection tools used for this inquiry were interviews and surveys. The former were used to get an insight, in general terms, into the participants’ perceptions whereas the latter provided richer information about the students’ perceived competences and skills. The data suggest that students perceived gains in critical thinking skills, research skills, language skills, autonomy, and motivation as part of the attributes they developed within the program. However, attributes regarding teaching skills, learning strategies, technology skills, teamwork and ability to develop new projects and ideas are perceived as poorly developed or not acquired at all.
Individual social capital as an asset of personal marketing in the job search process.
Authors: Membiela-Pollán Matias , Martinez-Fernandez Valentín-Alejandro , Juanatey-Boga Óscar
Published: June 2019

Aim: The aim of this study is to highlight the role of individual social capital as a personal marketing asset with specific weight in the job search process. The marketing mix instruments are transferred to the analysis of the individual. In this approach, the social network and the attributes of the subject play a specific role in his characteristics as a “product”, in his “promotion” and “distribution”, and in his “price”, which in this case is the salary. Design/Research methods: The methodology used to elaborate this work is based on an exploratory analysis, and seeks to establish a state of the art from the literature on "individual social capital" and "personal marketing". For this, firstly, both concepts are considered, and secondly, the individual social capital as an asset of personal marketing in the job search process is studied, using the tools of the marketing mix (4 P's). Conclusions/findings: Based on the analysis carried out, we conclude that individual social capital is decisive in the development of personal marketing, whose ultimate goal is to find a job and get a higher income. Originality/value of the article: The originality of this article lies in applying the tools of the marketing mix to the individual, and considering it as a "product" that wants to be demanded in the labor market; highlighting also the role that individual social capital plays in this process.
Austerity policies in the Eurozone: How they affect youth unemployment?
Authors: Díaz-Roldán Carmen , Parada-Rodríguez José Luis , Carmona-González Nieves
Published: June 2019

Aim: Analyse the effects of stabilization policies on youth unemployment, using government deficit besides the use of fiscal policy by the supply side; aimed to characterize the economic framework conditions under which fiscal policy could reduce youth unemployment. Design/Research methods: We consider an economic framework featuring the use of monetary and fiscal rules within a monetary union. In this scenario, that should be representative of the Eurozone, we will analyse the effects of stabilization policies when dealing with a financial crisis which produces contractive effects on output and on employment. We will pay special attention to the conservativeness of the central bank, the degree of austerity of the fiscal authorities and the initial level of government debt. Those characteristics prove to be crucial for the sustainability of economic policies packages based on fiscal consolidation and the use of fiscal policy instruments by the supply side, when trying to deal with unemployment. And given that in the financial crisis effects have been hit Eurozone countries in a different manner, we will also differentiate monetary union’s member countries according with their government debt and their unemployment path. Conclusions/findings: Fiscal authorities should be no austere for fighting youth unemployment, when using fiscal policy by the supply side. In other words, when optimizing their loss function, they should give more weight to the output stabilization goal that to the government deficit reduction. Originality/value of the article: Allowing for the use of both monetary and fiscal policy rules, in the scenario of a monetary union, our results could help us to stablish the conditions under which fiscal policy could help to alleviate youth unemployment.
Improving students’ performance by means of motivation: the role of ICTs
Authors: Novo-Hernanz Javier , Picatoste Xose
Published: June 2019

Abstract:Aim: The main objective of this paper is to analyze the effects of educational innovation on student implication on the study as a way for getting a job in the future, as well as the role of motivation at the secondary school to help for achieving this goal.Design / Research methods: By means of the elaboration of a questionnaire, the opinion of the students in relation to educative innovation, and, later by means of descriptive statistical analysis and a regression analysis, to search the relation between the concerns for getting a job and the motivational education among the students in secondary educative level is undertaken.Conclusions / findings: The results point towards a positive assessment by the students, who consider that educational innovation, stimulates their interest; boost the participation and collaboration between peers and with the teaching staff, at the same time there is a statistical significant relation between the students’ concern about their future working life and the motivations at school. The motivation is strongly relate to incorporation of ICTs at classroom, particularly computers and tablets.Originality / value of the article: The main value of this research is on stablishing a link between three key features: the concerns of youth about their future labor life, the motivation at school and the role of ICTs on this motivation.Limitations: The main limitations of this research are related to the sample, nevertheless the preliminary generalization of this results can be acceptable, according the literature.
Human movements: immigrants and asylum seekers. Two sides of the same coin
Authors: Mihai Iuliana , Novo-Corti Isabel
Published: June 2019

AbstractAim: Millions of people are displaced globally, as refugees, asylum seekers or migrants. Although, at a first glance, crisis and conflicts are considered the main trigger for these movements, the migration challenge may have different roots: demographic trends, poverty, the globalization of communication, etc. The present article is an introduction to the main concepts and terminology regarding migration and it links the migration with actual labor problems within the EU.Design: The article shows how migration terminology is reflected in the EU migration policy and how migration policy affects labor policy and vice versa. The article is to be considered a state of the art or methanalysis and explains the concepts: in-migration, out-migration, refugees, asylum-seekers. In addition, it draws attention to controversies regarding the use of concepts: illegal migration, irregular migration and return migration.Conclusions: The article presents eight main economic theories of migration. Five of them have as subject of analysis the determinants of migration and the other three have the subject of analysis the perpetuation of migration. Some of the main theories analyzed here are the neoclassical theory of migration, the human capital theory of migration, the new economics theory of migration, world system theory, network theory, migration systems theory.Originality: The article demonstrates the fact that neither of these economic theories/models explain adequately the actual determinants of migration and it proposes a new model focused more on the transdisciplinary effects of human movements. Keywords: migration, crisis, development, asylum seekers, labor market policiesJEL: J015, J61, J15
Análisis bibliométrico de las investigaciones turísticas en la costa norte de Honduras entre 1988 y 2018
Authors: Ramos Zúñiga Thania Vanessa , Chávez Dagostino Rosa María
Published: June 2019

El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar la producción académica relacionada con el turismo en la costa norte de Honduras, utilizando el estudio bibliométrico de documentos a través de una revisión sistemática en bases de datos multidisciplinarias (Scopus) entre 1988 y 2018. Se localizaron veinticinco investigaciones con esta temática. En el periodo comprendido entre 2010 a 2018 se encontró la mayor producción científica, catorce documentos, lo que indica un interés creciente en estudiar la zona en los últimos años. Estados Unidos sobresale como el país con más publicaciones, seguido por Canadá e Inglaterra. Los temas principales que se abordan son: evaluación de impactos sociales, económicos y ambientales del turismo, privatización de tierras costeras, neoliberalismo verde y turismo y mercantilización de la cultura.
Conocimiento ecológico, alimentación tradicional y clasificación frío-caliente: la perspectiva de los niños tseltales de Tenejapa, Chiapas
Authors: Torres Méndez Samuel A. , Caso Barrera Laura , Aliphat Fernández Mario M.
Published: June 2019

El principal objetivo de este trabajo es analizar el conocimiento ecológico de niños tseltales en relación con los sistemas de producción agrícola, los productos que los componen y su clasificación fría o caliente. A través de un taller, entrevistas a informantes clave e investigación de campo se estudió el conocimiento de los niños con respecto a los diversos sistemas productivos, plantas y animales silvestres asociados a ellos y sus características frías o calientes. Los resultados muestran que la participación activa de los infantes en los sistemas productivos y de obtención de alimentos es la mejor manera de transmisión del conocimiento ecológico tradicional. Los niños tseltales poseen un amplio conocimiento sobre su medioambiente, los sistemas productivos y su tradición alimentaria. La conservación del CET y de los sistemas alimentarios tradicionales puede preservar el medioambiente y garantizar la seguridad y autosuficiencia alimentaria.
Un Fulgencio Batista ignorado. Esplendor y derrumbe del militar cubano en la prensa chiapaneca
Authors: Lisbona Guillén Miguel
Published: June 2019

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Almas lacandonas: estudio de las entidades anímicas de los Jach Winik
Authors: Balsanelli Alice
Published: June 2019

Existe una extensa bibliografía inherente a las concepciones anímicas en el área maya; no obstante, por lo que respecta al grupo lacandón, falta un estudio específico sobre dicho tema. El ensayo pretende ofrecer un resumen a disposición de los académicos en el que se describirán las esencias vitales lacandonas y sus facultades: el alma-corazón o pixan; el –or o “ánimo”; el kisin ‘ok: la entidad que permanece en los despojos humanos. Lo anterior permitirá reflexionar sobre la ausencia de la dicotomía orgánico/inorgánico en el pensamiento maya. Se recurrirá a la comparación con las concepciones prehispánicas y de otros grupos mayas contemporáneos; asimismo, se presentará información inédita, recabada en el transcurso de un extenso trabajo de campo.
Diyabette Leptin Hormonun Olası Etkileri
Authors: TAŞKIN GÜVEN Eylem , GÜVEN Celal , KAYA Salih Tunç , SEVGİLER Yusuf
Published: June 2019

Şeker
hastalığı olarak bilinen diyabet, çeşitli komplikasyonları (kalp ve dolaşım
hastalıkları, kanser ve buna benzer hastalıklar) beraberinde getiren, insan
hayatını olumsuz yönde etkileyen metabolik bir hastalıktır. Genel olarak diyabet
tip I ve tip II olmak üzere iki büyük alt grupta toplanan bir hastalıktır. Tip I
diyabette beta (β) hücrelerinin apoptoz ile kaybı insülin salgısının
azalmasında önemli bir mekanizmadır. Leptin de insülin gibi antiapoptotik ve
proliferatif hormonlardan biridir. Dahası düşük leptin ve insülin tedavisinin
sadece yüksek doz insülin kullanımına oranla kan şekerinin tamponlanmasında
daha etkili olduğu bildirilmektedir. Fakat leptinin tip I diyabetteki bu
etkisi/etkileri hala gizemini korumaktadır. Leptinin tip I diyabetteki önemli
etkisinden biri de yağların β oksidasyonunun artmasına neden olarak, kan
şekerinin tamponlanmasını da sağları. Bu da insülin direncinin oluşmasının
azalmasına neden olmaktadır. Ayrıca leptinin insülinin anabolik etkilerini
taklit ettiği gibi diyabette meydana gelen ketoasidozu önlediği de
vurgulanmaktadır. Dolayısıyla leptin tedavisi, zorunlu yüksek doz insülin
kullanımı azaltılmasına olanak tanıyabilmektedir. Bu derleme, literatürdeki
leptin ve diyabet arasındaki
Respon Guru dan Peserta Didik Terhadap Pembelajaran Fisika dengan Model Inkuiri Terbimbing Dipadu Advance Organizer
Authors: Kusdiastuti Mahesti , Harjono Ahmad , Gunawan Gunawan , Nisyah Mir'atun
Published: June 2019

This study aims to determine the response of teachers and students to physics learning with a guided inquiry learning model combined with an advanced organizer. This research was conducted in three senior high schools in Mataram. This research is a pre-experimental study. The subjects of this study were 3 physics teachers and 60 students in Mataram. The data obtained in this study are teacher and studentÃ¢â¬â¢ questionnaire response data. The results of the study showed that both the response of students and the response to learning with guided inquiry learning models combined with advanced organizers included in the excellent category.
Perangkat Pembelajaran Model Inkuiri dipadu Advance Organizer (AO) untuk Meningkatkan Penguasaan Konsep dan Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah Fisika Siswa
Authors: Nisyah Mir'atun , Gunawan Gunawan , Harjono Ahmad , Kusdiastuti Mahesti
Published: June 2019

Penelitian ini menyajikan hasil validasi dan ujicoba terbatas perangkat pembelajaran model inkuiri dipadu advance organizer. Prosedur pengembangan yang digunakan adalah model 4D yang terdiri dari tahap define (Pendefinisian), design (Perancangan), development (Pengembangan), dan disseminate (Penyebaran). Perangkat pembelajaran yang dikembangkan terdiri dari silabus, rencana pelaksanaan pembelajaran, media pembelajaran, dan instrumen tes penguasaan konsep dan kemampuan pemecahan masalah. Hasil validasi menunjukkan perangkat pembelajaran dalam kategori layak-sangat layak. Hasil uji coba terbatas menunjukkan bahwa respon siswa sebesar 79.95% dan guru sebesar 81.15% adalah praktis dan terbaca.. Sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa perangkat pembelajaran model inkuiri dipadu AO layak, praktis dan terbaca dan dapat digunakan dalam pembelajaran untuk meningkatkan penguasaan konsep dan kemampuan pemecahan masalah siswa fisika
Identifikasi Sifat, Ciri, dan Jenis Tanah Utama di Pulau Lombok
Authors: Priyono Joko , Yasin Ismail , Dahlan Muhammad , Bustan Bustan
Published: June 2019

TA descriptive research aimed to identify the characteristics and name of main soils in Lombok Island was carried out through field observation for soil profiles and landform and laboratory analyses for soil physical and chemical properties. The type or name of soil was defined by using The National (Indonesian) Soil Classification System (2014), Soil Taxonomy (SSS-USDA, 2014), and World Soil Reference (FAO, 2014). There were 4 main types of soil in Lombok Island, which were Litosol, Aluvial, Kambisol, and Vertisol; and a fairly developed soil in limited spots was Mediteran. Based on the soil taxonomy system, those soils were respectively equivalent to Orthents, Fluvents, Undepts, Underts, and Udalfs; whereas based on the soil system of FAO, were Leptisols, Fluvisols, Cambisols, Vertisols, and Luvisols. The main characteristics of Litosol/Orthents/Leptosols Lombok were shallow solum (< 25 cm on the rocks or lithic contacts), coarse textured (sandy), nutritionally deficient, very low CEC (< 5 cmolc.kg-) and C-organic content (< 1 %). Aluvial or Fluvents, were mainly utilized as paddy soil, consisting of several layers which it clay and C-organic content were changed irregularly with depth, CEC of top soil (Ap) was medium (5–10 cmolc.kg-), and it was relatively fertile. Kambisols or Undepts was fairly deep (consisting of 40 – 60 cm of A and B horizons,), loamy textured, fairly fertile, CEC was medium, and C-organic content was low – medium (1–2 %). Vertisol or Uderts was characterized by a significant swell-shrinking properties, clay textured, extremely hard to be cultivated, high CEC, Ca, and Mg, and relatively fertile soil. Mediteran or Udalf was a further developed soil (solum > 100 cm), clay translocation has been occurred from upper (E) to lower horizons (Bt), CEC was fair, and it was relatively fertile soil. In conclusion, the pedologic development of soils in Lombok Island was relatively slow due mainly to the low–moderate rainfall, and the soil types were dominated by Litosols, Aluvials, Kambisols, and Vertisols, and Mediteran in small area. In order to provide a complete reference for the characteristics of main soils in Lombok Island, it necessaries to define mineralogy composition through X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) and thermogravimetry analysis (TGA) of the clay fractions of the soils
Keberadaan Mikoriza Arbuskular pada Lokasi Pertanaman Jarak Pagar (Jatropha curcas L.) di Lembah Palu
Authors: Lapanjang Iskandar
Published: June 2019

Plant rhizosphere has various types of microorganisms, including Arbuscular Mycorrhizae Fungi (AMF). Each ecosystem has different species and densities of AMF. For further use, study the potency of indigenous AMF is necessary. This research was conducted to know the existence and potency of indigenous AMF of soil where physic nuts grow on dry land of Palu Valley at Poboya, Palu, Central Sulawesi. Soil samples were collected, and then observed under microscope. The steps to study the potency of AMF were counting the propagules with Most Probable Number (MPN) method, spora trapping, identifying the types of spore, and single spore culture. The result showed that the number of infective AMF propagules from cultivated soil was 1117 microorganisms/g soil and from of natural soil was 711 microorganisms/g soil; and indigenous AMF from the soil where physic nut grown at Lembah Palu were dominated by Glomus sp.
Paixão da relação – paixão da falta
Authors: Müller Hadwig Ana Maria
Published: June 2019

O sofrimento dos pobres se associa muitas vezes a dons relacionais evidentes. O termo “paixão” expressa esse laço entre uma pobreza dolorosamente vivida e uma riqueza humana muitas vezes admirável. Esta experiência – relida aqui a partir da noção lacaniana de “falta” – encontra-se no coração da relação dos pobres para com Deus e de Deus para com os pobres. Mais ainda, ela está no coração de toda escuta, pois não há relação sem escuta, nem escuta sem desejo, e, então, sem falta. A partir disso, deixando-nos guiar pela revelação bíblica acolhida na fé, é possível pressentir algo da vida íntima de Deus, viver diferentemente nossas relações humanas e o dinamismo da missão sobre a base de uma inteligência renovada de Igreja-comunhão.Abstract: The suffering of the poor often brings in its wake a clear gift for human relations. The term “passion” expresses this connection between a painfully endured poverty and a – sometimes astonishing – human richness. This experience – examined here in the light of the Lacanian concept of “manque” – can be found in the relationship between the poor and God and between God and the poor. Moreover, this experience is at the core of every act of listening, for there is no relationship without listening, no listening without desire and no desire without “manque”. With this in mind, a re-reading of the Bible can help us to have a better understanding of God’s intimate life and, through this, to experience our human relations differently. It can also give us a new insight into the dynamics of a mission that has as basis a renewed vision of the Church as communion.
Kur'ân Işığında Korku ve Etkileri
Authors: TÜRK Nurdoğan
Published: June 2019

Allah hikmetsiz hiç bir şeyi yaratmadığı gibi korkuyu da gereksiz ve faydasız yaratmamıştır. Korku duygusu, Allah’ın kullarına iyilik gözeterek lutfettiği fıtrî bir duygudur. Korkmadan yaşamak mümkün değildir. Korkuyu yenmek ve korkulan şeye karşı önlem almak insanın doğasında vardır. Her insan, korkudan emin olmak, huzur ve güven içinde yaşamak ister. Korkuyu yenemeyen insan, kendini huzurlu ve güvende hissedemez. Korku, dünya hayatının son bulacağı Kıyâmet gününe kadar varlığını her daim bir şekilde insanoğluna hissettireceği gibi insanoğlunun gündeminden de hiç düşmeyecektir. Zira korku, Allah’ın insanoğlunu imtihan ettiği araçlardan birisi ve üzerinde düşünülmesi gereken Allah’ın âyetlerindendir. Allah korkusu, kendisinden kaçınılan bir korku olmamış ve beraberinde saygıyı getirmiştir. Mümin için korku, hem Allah’a olan kurbiyetini ve samimiyetini tesis eden olumlu bir olgu, hem de imtihan dünyasında zorluklara ve sıkıntılara karşı direncini ve kararlılığını artıran değerli bir etkendir. Korku, mümini eğiten, onu kötülükten koruyan, onda oto kontrol sistemi oluşturan yapıcı ve faydalı bir duygudur. Dolayısıyla yaratılış itibariyle temel insanî duygulardan birisi olan ‘korku’, bilinç altına yerleşmek suretiyle insanın düşünce ve tasarruflarına pozitif veya negatif etki yapabilme özelliğini taşır. Hatta bu etki insanı hayatı boyunca esir alabilir. Korku duygusu, insanı istemi dışındaki söz ve davranışlara sevk edebilir. Negatif etkiye sahip bir korku, insanın hayatını altüst edebildiği ve yaşamı o kişi için çekilmez kılabildiği gibi, pozitif etkiye sahip bir korku, insanın hayatını düzene sokabilir ve yaşamı o kişi için paha biçilmez bir servet (âhiretin tarlası) yapabilir. Burada önemli olan korkunun sağlam bir inanç ve güçlü bir irade ile dengelenmesidir. İnsanoğlu işte bu ince çizgiyi idrak edebilmeli ve korkuyu fırsata çevirebilmelidir. Gelecekle ilgili korku, kaygı ve endişelerini Kur’ânî buyruklarla gidermeye çalışmalıdır. İnsan, psikolojik olarak korku ve ümit arasında gidip gelir. Korkunun yanında onu dengeleyecek bir ümidi de elden bırakmamalıdır. Çünkü dünya hayatı, ancak âhiretin tarlasıdır. İnsanoğlu dünyada ne ekerse âhirette onu biçecektir. Kula düşen görev, âhireti için ne ektiğine bakmasıdır. Bu çalışmamızda Kur’an’ın havf’ı nasıl anlamlandırdığını, onu insanlığa nasıl sunduğunu, Kur’ân ışığında korkunun insan hayatına etkisini ve diğer varlıkları nasıl etkilediğini, korku iman ve korku dua ilişkisini ortaya çıkarmaya çalışacağız. Çalışmanın insanoğlu için bilinmeyen gelecekle ilgili korku, kaygı ve endişelerini gidermede katkı sunmasını umuyoruz. Anahtar sözcükler- Kur’ân, İnsan, Havf, Korku, Etki.
MUVAZAALI BOŞANMANIN HÜKMÜ
Authors: ASLAN Bedri
Published: June 2019

İslam dini aile müessesesini meydana getiren evlilik sözleşmesine çok
önem vermiştir. Bazı sözleşmelerde şart koşulmayan icap, kabul sîgaları ve
şahitler gibi birçok unsurun bu sözleşmede şart koşulmuş olması, evlilik
sözleşmesi yapılmadan nişanlanmayı meşru kılması ve birçok ayet-hadis ile
evliliğin teşvik edilmesi bunun açık göstergesidir. Evlenme sözleşmesinin sona
ermesi manasına gelen boşama da nikâh akdi gibi diğer muamelelere göre
farklılık arz etmektedir. Örneğin niyet unsuru, akit ve ibadetlerin sonucuna
etki etmektedir. Ancak boşamada niyet sınırlı bir etkiye sahiptir. Yine birçok
akit iki tarafın iradesiyle meydana gelirken boşama ise ortak iradeyle meydana
gelebileceği gibi tek taraflı iradeyle de gerçekleşebilir. Ayrıca boşamada
tedrici bir yol takip edilmesinin teşvik edilmesi de onu diğer akitlerden
ayıran bir diğer önemli özelliktir. Eşlerin birlikte yaşama imkânının
kalmadığı; eşler arası sıkıntıyı ortadan kaldırabilecek çarelerin tükendiği bir
aşamada boşamaya başvurulabilir. Fakat bununla birlikte boşama şâri‘in
sevmediği bir husustur. Bütün bunlara rağmen boşama birlikte yaşama imkânın
kalmadığı zamanda bir çare olarak kendisine başvurulan meşru bir yöntemdir. Son
dönemde kimi eşler, bazı kazanımlar elde etmek amacıyla anlaşmalı olarak mahkemeye
başvurup boşanma davası açmaktadırlar. Bunların niyeti, boşama olmayıp
arzuladıkları bazı kazanımlarına engel olan resmi nikâhı mahkeme vasıtasıyla
ortadan kaldırmaktır. Nitekim anlaşmalı olarak boşanan kimi kocaların amacı ise
Avrupa ülkelerine gidip orada başka bir kadınla evlenerek ikamet alabilmektir.
Aynı şekilde bazı kadınlar da boşamayla ölen babasının maaşından istifade
etmeyi amaçlamaktadır. Bununla birlikte resmi boşanmayla sonuçlanan davalardan
sonra eşler hiç bir şey olmamış gibi birlikteliklerine devam etmektedirler. Bu
çalışmada, İslam hukukuna göre mahkemenin verdiği boşanma kararının geçerli
olup olmadığı üzerinde durulmuştur. Ayrıca anlaşmalı olarak mahkemeye başvuran
eşlerin boşamalarıyla ilgili niyet ile amaçlarının boşamaya etki edip
etmediğini ve birlikte aynı evde yaşamalarının caiz olup olmadığı İslam hukuku
açısından değerlendirilmiştir. Eşlerin mahkemeye dava açmaları boşama
yetkilerini mahkemeye devrettikleri anlamına geldiği için onların niyetleri
boşanmanın sonucuna etki etmediği gibi mahkemenin verdiği karar da geçerli olup
boşama bir bâin (yeni bir nikâh yapılmadan erkeğin evlilik hayatına geri
dönüşüne imkân vermeyen boşama şekli) talakla gerçekleşmektedir. Öte yandan
bunların iddet süresi geçtikten sonra yeni bir evlilik sözleşmesi yapmadan
birlikte yaşamaları uygun değildir. Ayrıca mahkeme tarafından boşanan
kadınların ölen akrabalarının maaşını almaları da caiz olmadığı sonucuna
varılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Boşama, Niyet, Hukuk, Mahkeme.
SİCİLYA’DA HANEFİLİK
Authors: ACAR Abdullah
Published: June 2019

Günümüze kadar gelebilme başarısı gösteren mezhepler
içerisinde ve Müslüman coğrafyada en fazla müntesibi bulunan ve Doğudan Batıya
en çok tanınan mezhep Hanefî mezhebidir. Hanefî mezhebinin bu kadar taraftar
bulmasında İmam-ı A’zam’ın görüş ve düşünceleriyle mezhep anlayışının
teşekkülündeki kurucu kişiliği, hocalarından aldığı fıkhî yorumları günün
şartlarına göre doğru biçimde yorumlaması ve kıyasla birlikte istihsan metodunu
icat etmesinin rolü büyüktür. Buna, Hanefiliğin resmi mezhep olarak kabul
edilmesi, Ebu Hanife’nin öğrencilerinin mezhep fıkhını tedvin etmeleri,
nesilden nesile mezhep görüşlerini aktaracak bir öğrenci silsilesinin bulunması
ve kanun koyma ihtiyacı gibi sebepler de ilave edilebilir. Hz. Peygamber’in yeni Müslüman olan topluluklara gönderdiği
muallim ve kadı uygulaması daha sonraki halifeler döneminde de aynen devam
ettirilmeye çalışılmıştır. Müslümanların Doğu topraklarında başlayan ilk fetihleri
ile bu topraklara İslam ahlakı ve adabını öğreten fakih şahıslar aracılığı ile Müslümanların
ibadetleri ve günlük hayatlarını kuşatan fıkıh ya da hukuk da götürülmüştür. Bu
uygulama İslam’ın Batı’ya geçişteki ilk noktası olan Mısır ve daha sonra
yayılacağı Kuzey Afrika’da da aynen korunmuştur. Hz. Osman döneminden
başlayarak Mısır’a gönderilen ve daha sonra adil halife Ömer b. Abdülaziz
döneminde de devam ettirilen muallim ve fakih şahsiyetler gönderme
uygulamaları, bu coğrafyanın öncelikle Müslümanlaşmasına, ardından da bu
şahısların etrafında oluşan şahsa dayalı müstakil mezheplerin oluşmasına vesile
olmuştur. Kûfe, Medine, Şam gibi merkezlerde hicri II. yüzyıldan
itibaren başlayan mezheplerin oluşum süreci, Batıdaki coğrafyayı da
etkilemiştir. Doğu’daki medreselerde eğitim alan birçok fakih, aldıkları bu
eğitimi Batı’da yeni fethedilen topraklara nakletmişler, böylece mezhepleşme
olgusu Doğu ile Batı’da aynı anda başlamıştır denilebilir. Bu dönemde, aralarında
Hanefi mezhebinin kurucusu Ebu Hanife’nin ve öğrencilerinin de bulunduğu birçok
müctehid imamın görüşleri bu coğrafyaya öğrenciler aracılığı girmeye
başlamıştır.  

Özellikle
750 yılında Emevilerden sonra iktidara gelen Abbasilerden itibaren Hanefiliğin resmi
mezhep olarak devlet yönetiminde aktif rol yüklenmesiyle birlikte, öncelikle Doğuda
Mâverâünnehir topraklarına uzanan Hanefi mezhebi, hemen hemen aynı zaman
diliminde öncelikle Kuzeybatı Afrika’ya, oradan da Sicilya ve Endülüs
topraklarına kadar yayılmıştır. Bu makalede, Hanefi mezhebinin Batı
topraklarına geçişi, kâdîların bu mezhebin yayılmasındaki katkıları, bu kadılar
arasında öncelikle Sicilya fatihi Esed b. Furat’ın etkisi ve daha sonraki
kadıların yaptıkları katkılar, adada Hanefiliğin taraftar bulmasındaki sebepler
ve etkisini kaybettiği yılları içeren kısa bir silsile takip edilecek ve
mezhebin Sicilya’daki seyrinin tarihçesi ortaya çıkarılmaya çalışılacaktır.
NARRATIVE STRATEGIES OF AUTOBIOGRAPHICAL NOVELS IN THE THIRD PERSON (BY THE MATERIAL OF “JOSEPH ANTON” BY S. RUSHDIE AND “THE EDUCATION OF HENRY ADAMS” BY H. ADAMS)
Authors: Gashkova Viktoriya Aleksandrovna
Published: June 2019

The article discusses the results of assessing the interrelation of the derivational structure of an autobiographical novel and the events of a particular author’s biography, which led to his personality’s formation. This structure depends directly on the moral and ethical attitudes of a particular author. The work is devoted to the currently topical problem of understanding not only the poetics and architectonics of a text, but also its psychology, according to dialectic of whole and particular. As a result, conclusions are made on the degree and principle of the influence of a particular author’s psychology on the communicative structure of his autobiographical prose.
V. I. LUKIN’S COMEDY “PRODIGAL, CORRECTED WITH LOVE” IN THE CONTEXT OF THE EUROPEAN AESTHETIC INNOVATIONS
Authors: Glembotskaya Yana Olegovna , Kuznetsov Il'ya Vladimirovich
Published: June 2019

The article considers the formation of the intermediate genre in the Russian dramaturgy of the 1760s. The study is based on V. I. Lukin’s comedy “Prodigal, Corrected with Love”, which has not previously attracted researchers’ attention. Actually, the play was strongly influenced by D. Diderot’s aesthetic innovations. The authors show that considering revaluation of cultural values, V. I. Lukin’s comedy reinterprets the conflict of duty and passion developing within the realm of conscience. The paper concludes that the dominant motives of the play (a spiritless personage and parents’ authority) are in tune with the Russian literature of the XVII century.
LINGUISTIC MEANS OF MANIPULATION IN MODERN PADS
Authors: Variyasova Elizaveta Vladimirovna , Gramma Dar'ya Viktorovna
Published: June 2019

The article examines verbal manipulation techniques in popular youth pads. The particular techniques of verbal influence are identified and analysed taking into account linguistic and extra-linguistic factors. The paper argues that the analysed text will be communicatively efficient because authors’ intention is successfully realized through cognitive, logical, rhetorical, lexical and other linguistic means and through presuppositions, which become a distinctive feature of modern publications.
FLASH MOB #10YEARSCHALLENGE IN “INSTAGRAM” SOCIAL NETWORK AND ITS GENRE REALIZATION
Authors: Zolotaryova Lyubov' Aleksandrovna , Ugro Anna Vladimirovna
Published: June 2019

The article is devoted to studying the flash mob phenomenon in the “Instagram” social network. From the viewpoint of the genre-based approach, the authors analyse the posts made by users within the flash mob #10YEARSCHALLENGE. Minimal speech genres are identified. The paper provides a comparison with pre-network photo viewing techniques, identifies the influence of specific features of the Internet space on communicants’ speech behaviour. The findings lead to the conclusion that the basic function of an entertaining flash mob can be defined as a phatic one.
PECULIARITIES OF TRANSITIVE VERB FORMATION IN THE KOLYMA DIALECT OF THE YUKAGIR LANGUAGE
Authors: Prokop'eva Aleksandra Egorovna
Published: June 2019

The article reveals the peculiarities of transitive verb formation in the Kolyma dialect of the Yukagir language. The author clarifies the semantics of word-formative affixes of transitive verbs and examines some previously unexplored word-formative affixes, such as =дэй= (with the meaning of impetuous instantaneous action), =дай=/=дэй= (with the meaning of an action, which causes changes), =жии= (with the meaning of deliberate action), etc. The paper concludes that transitive verbs are formed with noun stems, nouns of action, common non-productive stems of intransitive verbs, qualitative processives.