bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Eurasian Economic Union and Multipolar Globalization
Authors: Krotov M. I.
Published: April 2024

The article discusses ways to resolve the contradiction between globalization and national sovereignty in the context of the transition to a multipolar world order. The main features of the emerging multipolar model of globalization are shown. Through the prism of Eurasian integration, the differences between Russia’s partnership with the countries of the West and its partnership with the countries of the Global East and the Global South are analyzed. The special role of the Eurasian Economic Union and Russia in the formation of a just multipolar world is revealed.

Aim. To substantiate Russia’s integration policy in the context of its global confrontation with the West. Tasks. To study the role of mega-regulators and regionalization in resolving the contradictions between the global nature of the economy and national sovereignty in the context of the transition to a multipolar world order. Analysis of the development of the EAEU, its bodies and institutions as a factor in resolving the contradiction between the old and new leaders of globalization.

Methods. A systematic approach to the study of Eurasian integration in the process of formation and development of multipolar globalization. Many years of practical experience in participating in specific processes of Eurasian integration.

Results. The ways of strengthening the economic sovereignty of the EAEU countries based on the institutional development of Eurasian integration and the formation of new mega-regulators within the framework of the SCO and BRICS are shown.

Conclusions. Multipolar globalization is irreversible. At the same time, the EAEU, SCO and BRICS are gaining a leading role in this process. The Russian Federation needs to critically review its partnership with Western countries and organizations, taking into account their threefold role in relation to our country: opponents, rivals, partn.
International Practice of Liner Container Shipping Regulation in the Transport System
Authors: Rusinov I. A. , Shcherbinin N. V.
Published: April 2024

Effective regulatory and legal framework in this field has several positive advantages for the transportation participants. A significant place in the article is given to ensuring the principle of “common carrier” for access of a wide range of consumers to the container carriers service. In connection with the transformation both of supply chains and logistics flows under conditions of new foreign economic factors along with the emergence of new shipping lines on the Russian container market the relevance of this topic will continue to increase.

Aim. To consider the aspects of normative and legal regulation of liner container shipping in the USA, EU, PRC and the Russian Federation.

Tasks. To analyze the strategies of shipping lines on the Russian and global markets, to identify key regulatory legal acts of foreign countries in the sphere of liner container shipping, to identify the features of the Russian legislation in this sphere and the ways of its development.

Methods. Regulatory legal acts of the USA, EU, PRC and the Russian Federation were collected, which play an extremely important role in the development of international container transportation and increasing the competitiveness of foreign economic activity.

Results. The research of relevant legal frameworks and instruments of state regulation of sea container lines activity to ensure non-discriminatory access of consumers of transportation services, public availability of information about liner container services, high quality of transportation services for foreign economic relations was carried out.

Conclusions. In modern foreign economic conditions, alliances and various forms of carrier cooperation are the subject of state regulation of liner container shipping in order to protect competition on the market. The legislation of the USA and the Russian Federation establishes compulsory publication of shipping line tariffs, while according to the provisions of the PRC legislation shipping lines provide their tariffs to the freight exchange, which is authorized by the competent state body. In addition, international experience shows that sea lines “Common carriers” are subject to a number of other requirements. In the Russian Federation, sea container transportation is carried out by both liner and tramp vessels due to the fact that the certain carriers are not registered as shipping line operators and information about some regular container services is limited.
Current Challenges of International Legal Regulation of EAEU — China Partnership in Transport and Logistics
Authors: Drozdova M. A. , Pokrovskaya O. D.
Published: April 2024

At the current stage of development of international relations, when factional trends in the foreign policy of such significant world leaders as the European Union and the United States are only gaining momentum, China has become the main strategic partner for Russia likewise for the EAEU. Due to the introduction of international sanctions against both China and Russia, reorientation of economic cooperation and, therefore, transportation and logistics routes to the East seems to be the most correct development paradigm. However, at the current level of development of science and technology, it is necessary to expand and intensify the formation of the array of international legal legislation to create an effective basis for legal regulation of the transport and logistics industry for the growth of synergistic effect of integration processes in the Eurasian space.

Aim. To analyze various aspects of international legal regulation of the ways of integration of the EAEU and China in the transport and logistics sphere to increase the level of economic interaction between the partner countries.

Tasks. It is proposed to consider the main trends in the formation of an array of international legal acts aimed at creating a basis for effective cooperation between China and the EAEU in the current geopolitical conditions, taking into account the need to develop advanced regulation of the introduction of digital technologies, including the development of logistics platforms, to create conditions for seamless cargo transportation in the Eurasian region.

Methods. The study used formal-legal and comparative-legal methods, deduction, synthesis, induction, as well as abstraction and system method.

Results. The necessity to develop unified regulatory requirements both in the sphere of technical operation of different types of transport and the creation of a regulatory framework for the development of conjugate EAEU-China transport and logistics digital infrastructure, providing seamless multimodal transportation to obtain a synergistic effect from the economic integration of the Eurasian region was substantiated.

Conclusions. The comprehensive diagnosis of the effectiveness of international partnershop between the EAEU and China in transport and logistics proposed by the authors of the study will allow to adjust the existing strategy of interaction between the countries and increase the efficiency of Eurasian integration through the implementation of measures aimed at the development of seamless logistics.
A Study on Tasks for Flexible Work Hour System
Authors:   Wonkwang University Legal Research Institute has, Choi Hong Ki
Published: April 2024

The ”work hours” are the key terms and conditions of employment in the labor contract (Labor Standards Act Article 17-1(2)), and they are closely related to the “wages” paid to the worker as remuneration for work. The main task of the Labor Act is to regulate the work hours to protect the health rights of workers and guarantee the work-life balance of the workers. The history of Labor Act is also called the history of shortening the work hours. This is because the work hours are the key regulatory matters in the Labor Act. It is also a crucial task to regulate the work hours to guarantee the health rights and living rights of the workers.
The Korean work hour system is mainly based on the Labor Standards Act. Since the enactment of the Labor Standards Act in 1953, the discussions and changes regarding the work hour system have been focusing on reduction of the legal work hours and standard work hours to secure the recess rights or health rights of the workers. For example, the initial work hours of Korea reduced from eight hours a day and 48 hours a week (Labor Standards Act enacted on May 10, 1953) to eight hours a day and 44 hours a week in 1989 (Labor Standards Act amended on March 29, 1989). Since 2003, the work hours have been reduced to eight hours a day and 40 hours a week (Labor Standards Act amended on September 15, 2003) until now. Provided, the work hour system under the current Labor Standards Act mainly regulates the actual work hours and fails to consider the living time of the workers.
The work-life balance has been recently spotlighted, and there is a growing demand for flexible work hours. In fact, flexible work hour is a key issue in many workers for work-life balance, and flexible work hour is considered as a main mean to improve the work-life balance.
The guarantee of time needed for family life and social life may vary depending on the individual circumstances of each work. In order to improve the work hour system, it is necessary to secure the right to decide the allocation and placement of the work hours in consideration of the individual worker demands based on the labor-management agreements.
In reformation of the work hours, the total amount of work hour should be continuously reduced and regulated while guaranteeing flexibility in operation of the work hour within the total amount. The current laws and systems also need to be reviewed again based on these perspectives. Furthermore, individual and fragmentary improvement of the work hour system cause inefficiency and lack of practicality in system operation. Thus, it is necessary to redesign the realistic and future-oriented work hour regulation framework.
Cobalt catalyzed defunctionalization reactions
Authors: Koracak Ljiljana , Ajdacic Vladimir
Published: April 2024

Catalytic defunctionalization of complex molecules has attracted significant attention in organic synthesis. This reaction enables common functional groups to serve as ?traceless handles? for the new bond construction. In this mini-review, we have summarized the latest advances, methodologies and mechanistic insights into the selective cleavage of C?C and C?X bonds catalysed by cobalt complexes, shedding light on their increasing importance in modern chemical synthesis. The content of this review is categorized according to the type of functional group being removed from molecules.
Strategic Alliances and Lending Relationships
Authors: Khan Urooj , Lin Vincent Yongzhao , Ma Zhiming , Stice Derrald
Published: April 2024

We study how proprietary information flows in strategic alliances facilitate banks’ information collection in private debt markets. We argue that lenders that have previously worked with a borrower’s alliance partners have an information advantage and show that firms entering a strategic alliance receive a lower interest spread on loans from banks that have previously lent to their strategic partners than loans from other banks. Cross-sectional tests on alliances’ economic importance and participants’ information environment support our hypothesis that the loan price effect is driven by reduced information asymmetry between borrowers and their partners’ relationship banks. Last, we find borrowers are more likely to obtain debt financing from alliance-related banks than from other banks. Overall, our findings are consistent with lenders that have previously worked with an alliance counterparty possessing debt contracting-relevant information about the soft nature of alliance value and the partners’ commitment to alliances.

Data Availability: Data are available from the public sources cited in the text.

JEL Classifications: G10; G21; G32.
Genetic Subtypes of Prediabetes, Healthy Lifestyle, and Risk of Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Li Yang , Chen Guo-Chong , Moon Jee-Young , Arthur Rhonda , Sotres-Alvarez Daniela , Daviglus Martha L. , Pirzada Amber , Mattei Josiemer , Perreira Krista M. , Rotter Jerome I. , Taylor Kent D. , Chen Yii-Der Ida , Wassertheil-Smoller Sylvia , Wang Tao , Rohan Thomas E. , Kaufman Joel D. , Kaplan Robert , Qi Qibin
Published: April 2024

Prediabetes is a heterogenous metabolic state with various risks for development of type 2 diabetes (T2D). In this study, we used genetic data on 7,227 US Hispanic/Latino participants without diabetes from the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL) and 400,149 non-Hispanic White participants without diabetes from the UK Biobank (UKBB) to calculate five partitioned polygenetic risk scores (pPRSs) representing various pathways related to T2D. Consensus clustering was performed in participants with prediabetes in HCHS/SOL (n = 3,677) and UKBB (n = 16,284) separately based on these pPRSs. Six clusters of individuals with prediabetes with distinctive patterns of pPRSs and corresponding metabolic traits were identified in the HCHS/SOL, five of which were confirmed in the UKBB. Although baseline glycemic traits were similar across clusters, individuals in cluster 5 and cluster 6 showed an elevated risk of T2D during follow-up compared with cluster 1 (risk ratios [RRs] 1.29 [95% CI 1.08, 1.53] and 1.34 [1.13, 1.60], respectively). Inverse associations between a healthy lifestyle score and risk of T2D were observed across different clusters, with a suggestively stronger association observed in cluster 5 compared with cluster 1. Among individuals with a healthy lifestyle, those in cluster 5 had a similar risk of T2D compared with those in cluster 1 (RR 1.03 [0.91, 1.18]). This study identified genetic subtypes of prediabetes that differed in risk of progression to T2D and in benefits from a healthy lifestyle.

Article Highlights
Efficient vascular and neural engraftment of stem cell-derived islets
Authors: Thorngren Julia , Brboric Anja , Vasylovska Svitlana , Hjelmqvist Daisy , T Westermark Gunilla , Saarimäki-Vire Jonna , Kvist Jouni , Balboa Diego , Otonkoski Timo , Carlsson Per-Ola , Lau Joey
Published: April 2024

Pluripotent stem cell-derived islets (SC-islets) now emerge as a new source for beta-cell replacement therapy. While the function of human islet transplants is hampered by excessive cell death post-transplantation, contributing factors include inflammatory reactions, insufficient revascularization and islet amyloid formation, there is a gap in knowledge on the engraftment process of the SC-islets. In this experimental study, we investigated the engraftment capability of SC-islets at three months post-transplantation, and observed that the cell apoptosis rates were lower, but the vascular density was similar in SC-islets to that of human islets. While the human islet transplant vascular structures were a mixture of remnant donor endothelium and ingrowing blood vessels, the SC-islets contained ingrowing blood vessels only. The oxygenation of the SC-islet grafts was twice as high as in the corresponding grafts of human islets, suggesting better vascular functionality. Similar to the blood vessel ingrowth, also the reinnervation of the SC-islets was four- to five-fold higher than the human islets. Both SC-islets and the human islets contained amyloid at one and three months post-transplantation. We conclude that the vascular and neural engraftment of SC-islets is superior to human islets, but that grafts of both origins develop amyloid with potential long-term consequences.
Simulación y realidad virtual en procesos de enseñanza - aprendizaje en la formación en salud.
Authors: Roa Cartagena Marly , Rativa Velandia Mercedes , Orjuela Cespedes Claudia Liliana
Published: April 2024

La simulación clínica usa varias modalidades que permiten recrear en un espacio académico algunos de los ambientes clínicos, con el fin de formar, entrenar o evaluar personas o equipos previamente a la interacción con el paciente real. Estas modalidades incluyen entrenadores de tareas, pacientes virtuales estandarizados, simuladores de alta fidelidad y realidad. Se resalta que los ambientes de realidad virtual contribuyen altamente a la transferencia entre la teoría y la práctica a su vez, son motivadores para los estudiantes. Objetivo: La presente revisión tiene como objetivo identificar cuál es el aporte de la simulación con Realidad virtual en los procesos de enseñanza - aprendizaje en la formación del personal de salud. Metodología: Se realizó revisión documental de artículos electrónicos en revistas indexadas nacionales e internacionales. En primer lugar, se establecieron las palabras clave para la búsqueda en bases de datos, posteriormente se recopiló la información de los artículos seleccionados en una matriz de revisión sistemática para su respectivo análisis. Resultados: El uso de la realidad virtual en la educación en salud, permite al estudiante tener experiencias que lo acercan a la realidad, es una técnica interactiva la cual se presenta de una forma creativa y motivadora, permite el desarrollo de diversos estilos de aprendizaje, despierta el interés de quien la usa y al mismo tiempo eleva los niveles de conocimiento. Conclusiones: El uso de la simulación con Realidad Virtual en los procesos de enseñanza- aprendizaje de la formación en salud, es una herramienta valiosa que desarrolla en el estudiante el liderazgo, la creatividad, seguridad, trabajo en equipo, innovación y trabajo colaborativo, permitiendo fortalecer las habilidades y destrezas frente al cuidado del paciente.
Mellom nærhet og distanse: Forskerrollen og skygging som metode i den mangfoldige barnehagen
Authors: Wiig Nina Mellem
Published: April 2024

I denne artikkelen utforsker jeg hvordan jeg som etnisk norsk forsker og barnehagelærer navigerer mellom nærhet og distanse til aktører og felt, når jeg anvender skygging som metode i studier av mangfoldsledelse i barnehagen. Utfordringen jeg identifiserer i artikkelen dreier seg blant annet om hvordan nærheten til aktører med tilsvarende utdanning og erfaring som meg selv kan oppleves, og hvordan denne nærheten kan innebære en overidentifisering med aktørene. Manglende opplevelse av nærhet til aktørene, som i møte med ulike kulturer, religioner og språk, kan på sin side medføre en opplevelse av distanse. I skygging som metode bruker jeg interseksjonalitet som et skjerpet analytisk blikk, og utforsker hvordan jeg som forsker kan bli mer oppmerksom på ulike maktforhold og majoritetsprivilegier i hverdagslig praksis i barnehagen.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT
Between Closeness and Distance: The Researcher Role and Shadowing as Method in a Diverse ECEC Context
In this article, I explore how I, as an ethnic Norwegian researcher and ECEC teacher navigate between closeness and distance to actors and field, when I use shadowing as a method in studies of diversity leadership in a ECEC context. The challenge I identify in the article concerns, among other things, how closeness to actors with similar education and experience as myself can be experienced, and how this experience of closeness can involve an over-identification with the actors. A lack of closeness to the actors through different cultures, religions and languages can in turn lead to an experience of distance. In shadowing as a method, I use intersectionality as a sharpened analytical glance and explore how I can become more aware of different power relations and majority privileges as a researcher in everyday practice in a ECEC context.
Why Portable X Ray Machines Should be Banned
Authors: Alahmari Abdulwahab F
Published: April 2024

Portable X-ray is the worse idea that ever invented in radiology for many reasons; 1-the chances of X-ray machine breaks are high compared to fixed X-ray unit due to moving to different locations, 2-the image quality made by portable X-ray is bad compared to the fixed X-ray unit, 3-the radiation dose to the public since imaging happens in open spaces and sometimes patients in their beds can’t be moved out the exposure area due to being attached to too many machines and what not, 4-portable X-ray is too much work for radiographers, 5-the cost is half of the fixed X-ray unit, 6-no shielding in the area of imaging like the fixed X-ray unit, 7-not work friendly machine, 8-diffcult to save the images on the PACs, 8-hard to drive, 9-it gets difficult to work with after being used for some time, 10-some positions can’t be done on a portable X-ray, 11-you need to take other things with you (i.e. like: lead apron
THEORETICAL ANALYSIS OF THE ROLE OF PSYCHOLOGICAL FACTORS OF ADHERENCE TO TREATMENT IN PATIENTS WITH HYPERTENSION
Authors:   Moscow State Medical and Dental University named after A. I. Evdokimov, Buzina T. S. , Abdullaeva A. S. ,   Astrakhan State Medical University
Published: April 2024

The theoretical review presents current data on the problem of adherence to treatment in patients with hypertension. Increase in patient adherence to treatment is an urgent task both in medicine and in medical psychology. The aim was the analysis of domestic and foreign scientific studies of various aspects of adherence to treatment; consideration of the main concepts and methods of studying adherence to treatment of patients with essential hypertension; evaluation of the importance of psychological factors of adherence to therapy and of their impact on the effectiveness of treatment of these patients. A total of 157 literature sources were found, from which 30 publications were selected for subsequent analysis. The scientific and practical significance of the obtained results of the theoretical review is that they complement the phenomenological basis of adherence to therapy. In addition, up to date there is no unambiguous understanding of the role of the leading factors influencing patients’ compliance with doctor’s recommendations. Of special attention are methods of increasing patients’ motivation to follow doctor’s recommendations using various psychotherapeutic methods such as compliance therapy and motivational interviewing. Today, the problem of adherence to treatment is extremely important. A comprehensive psychological study of the patient’s ideas about his disease and forms of emotional response to it, the characteristics of his perception of the ‘doctor-patient’ communication system and various psychological components of adherence are necessary.
APPROACHES TO THE PROBLEM OF RELIABILITY OF MEMORIES ABOUT ABUSE EXPERIENCED IN CHILDHOOD
Authors:   Ryazan State Medical University, Faustova A. G.
Published: April 2024

The article provides an overview of the theoretical foundations that allow a reasonable approach to assessing the reliability and accuracy of memories of traumatic events, in particular, abuse experienced in childhood. Solving the problem of accuracy and reliability of memories of abuse experienced in childhood requires simultaneous taking into account both the patterns of functioning of autobiographical memory and the peculiarities of the formation of individual traumatic memory. The most plastic components of autobiographical memory are the temporal localization of specific memories and the plot sequence of individual events within an entire episode. Autobiographical recollections of characters within a certain personally significant situation in the past are little subject to change. Victims of repeated violent acts may not remember the details of each specific episode, but they form a kind of ‘scheme’ or ‘script’ that includes characteristic elements of what happened to them. Such a ‘script’ has a high degree of accuracy and is subject to little change over time. The study of the basis for assessing the accuracy and reliability of memories of traumatic events is relevant for various areas of science and practice: from statistical estimates of the prevalence of violence against children and adolescents to law enforcement practice in situations of violent acts against children.
TAFSIR AYAT-AYAT AL-QUR’AN TENTANG KEWAJIBAN BELAJAR DAN PENTINGNYA ILMU PENGETAHUAN DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN METODE YANG RELEVAN
Authors: Wahyu Setyadi Dede , Slamet Yahya M
Published: April 2024

This study aims to explore the verses of the Koran that highlight the obligation to learn and the importance of knowledge in the Islamic view, as well as analyzing the relevance of these verses to the modern educational context. This research uses a holistic and contextual method of interpreting the Qur'an, by examining verses related to learning and science from linguistic, historical and contextual perspectives. Various methods of interpretation, such as tafsir bi al-ma'tsur, tafsir bi al-ra'yi, and tafsir ilmi, are used to understand the meaning of these verses in the cultural and social context of that time, as well as their relevance to the challenges and developments of the modern era . The results of the analysis show that the Qur'an emphasizes the individual's obligation to seek knowledge as a basis for self-development, community welfare, and obedience to Allah SWT. The verses of the Qur'an also emphasize that science has high value in Islam and must be pursued seriously. By considering the current educational context, this study provides valuable insight into how Islam views the importance of knowledge and learning as an integral part of worship and human life. The practical implication of this research is the importance of integrating the values contained in the verses of the Koran about science in the educational curriculum and developing relevant teaching methods to increase understanding and appreciation of science in Muslim societies.
PENGADAAN POJOK BACA SEBAGAI UPAYA MENINGKATKAN MINAT BACA SISWA SEKOLAH DASAR
Authors: Nuraini Tiara , Zakiah Linda , Syarif Sumantri M
Published: April 2024

Minat baca adalah kecenderungan individu untuk memiliki keinginan atau ketertarikan yang kuat dalam melakukan kegiatan membaca, yang juga diiringi dengan usaha yang berkelanjutan. Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh minat baca individu siswa yang masih rendah khususnya tingkat sekolah dasar. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengumpulkan data dan menggambarkan pengadaan pojok baca dalam meningkatkan minat baca siswa sekolah dasar. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian menggunakan teknik survei dan kuesioner dengan pendekatan kuantitatif. Hasil pada penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa minat baca siswa sekolah dasar dengan adanya pojok baca di sekolah masih dalam kriteria cukup dengan rata-rata skor 58,7%. Kesimpulan penelitian ini secara keseluruhan menunjukkan bahwa pengadaan pojok baca dapat menjadi salah satu langkah yang efektif dalam meningkatkan minat baca siswa sekolah dasar, namun masih ada sebagian yang membutuhkan perhatian khusus dalam meningkatkan minat baca mereka. Upaya-upaya tambahan dapat dilakukan untuk terus meningkatkan minat baca siswa, seperti obsevasi berulang untuk memahami perubahan dalam minat baca siswa seiring waktu setelah penerapan pojok baca.Kata Kunci: Minat Baca, Pojok Baca, Sekolah Dasar
The use of digital occupational health services among employer customers: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Sormunen Erja , Pesonen Sanna , Toivio Pauliina , Nissinen Sari
Published: April 2024

Occupational health (OH) service providers, together with their client organizations co-operate in promoting health and work ability. Alongside with the so-called traditional services, more and more digital services are offered by OH service providers. However, little is known how the employer customers experience and use digital OH services.
This study evaluates the types of digital OH services employer customers use and how they assess the usefulness and ease of use of these digital services. Furthermore, the aim is to find out factors associated the usefulness and ease of use. To determine these features of usefulness and ease of use of digital services the Technology Acceptance Model was utilized. A cross-sectional, electronic survey was carried out to the members of human resources (HR) and entrepreneur associations between December 2022 and January 2023. The survey was in Finnish. The research material consisted of the employer customers’ answers to the multiple-choice questions of the use, usefulness and ease of use of digital OH services. The data was analyzed by quantitative statistical analysis.
A total of 455 respondents took part in the study, comprising 198 representatives of HR professionals and 257 entrepreneurs. Most of the respondents were women (65%) and over 50 years old (61%). HR professionals rated their information and communications technology skills significantly more often good or really good compared to the entrepreneurs, being 92 % and 62 %, respectively. The most frequently utilized digital OH services were the ability to update personnel’s information in the OH patient registry (48.0%) and remote action plan negotiations (37.1%). Less than one-third of the respondents (29.9%) took part in remote work ability negotiations, while approximately one-fifth (20.8%) participated in remote workplace surveys. In general, the HR professionals used digital OH services more frequently and estimate the usefulness and the use of digital OH services more positively compared to the entrepreneurs (p<0.05).
The study produced new information of the use and experiences of using digital OH services among the employer customers. The findings can be used to optimize the delivery and effectiveness of digital OH services for all employer customers, especially for the entrepreneurs who seemed be less used to utilize digital services.
Co-creating a service ecosystem for supporting digitalization in health and welfare
Authors: Tikkanen Hannu , Ligthart Ruusa , Salmi Anna , Ahonen Outi
Published: April 2024

Health and welfare services are increasingly striving towards data-driven, digital and patient-centric approaches to service management and delivery. The growing digitalization and amount of eHealth services introduced are part of a sociotechnical change in health and social care, where different sectors collaborate in ecosystems.
This study focuses on ecosystemic collaboration in health and welfare and its potential in value creation, with a particular interest in how multistakeholder co-creation can be enabled and orchestrated. The study draws on research on service ecosystem design, open innovation and co-creation.
The aim of this study is to explore how service ecosystems are co-created by public, private and third-sector organizations in the health and welfare sector. To achieve this aim, our study has two research objectives. First, the study explores current ecosystemic practices in health and welfare. Second, the study identifies factors that affect these practices.
This study presents the findings of a qualitative study conducted in Finland in spring 2023 with key informants from the health and welfare sector. The study context revolves around a HEI that provides university level teaching in social and health care and adopts a problem-based pedagogy that is firmly grounded in working-life collaboration with cross-sectoral actors and professional practice in the field. The findings reveal different factors that have an effect on ecosystem collaboration.
The findings support the argument that working in ecosystems is beneficial and digitalization has been a key driver of innovation in the health care and welfare sector in Finland. Based on these findings, we discuss the potential of orchestrators, such as HEIs, to co-create service ecosystems that enable digitalization of health and welfare.
The role of good project governance in PPP project for toll road infrastructure in Indonesia
Authors: Nusriadi Laode , Avianti Ilya , Tanzil Nanny Dewi , Parikesit Danang
Published: April 2024

The use of infrastructure as a catalyst for Indonesia’s economic growth faces significant challenges. One example is the construction projects, which have not reached the intended goal and have led to an increase in investment cost compared to the original plan. Additionally, the interaction between the government and companies involved in toll-road construction projects under the public-private partnerships (PPP) mechanism has yet to produce good quality project governance and expected project performance. This study aimed to find empirical data on the determination of project intellectual capital and project ownership structure through good project governance on toll-road project performance in Indonesia. This study adopted a quantitative approach that involved data collected through a survey conducted among toll-road projects from 2015 to 2019. The data was analyzed with Structural Equation Modeling Partial Least Square (SEM-PLS). The results showed that project intellectual capital and project ownership structure significantly affected good project governance. Good project governance Practices significantly affected project performance. Project intellectual capital and project ownership structure influenced project performance through the mediation of good project governance. Conversely, two hypotheses were not supported by the data, i.e., the effect of project intellectual capital and project ownership structure on project performance. The findings of this research contributed to the literature regarding the implementation of collaborative governance in PPPs toll road development projects in Indonesia by providing a framework and assessment tools, which could be valuable for researchers and policymakers in analyzing and evaluating the governance and performance of toll road construction PPP projects.
Technological imagination as a source of the culture of neural networks
Authors: Husárová Zuzana , Piorecký Karel
Published: April 2024

The study represents a partial output of research on the culture of artificial neural networks, as the authors call the cultural complex, in which a number of different actants participate (technologies, their users, results of the generation process, their recipients, media, etc.) and which is constituted by language games that have a performative function. The aim of this study is to conduct a media-archaeological insight into the imaginative layer of these language games and to point out that one of the sources of neural network culture is precisely the deeply historically anchored technological imagination. The genealogy of this imagination is traced in the study from its ancient origins to the 1950s, when the idea of the artificial mind was transformed into a scientific theorem and founded the research field of artificial intelligence. In this way, the paper draws attention to the fact that when we think and talk about artificial intelligence, we are talking about a set of imaginations that should not be confused with reality, but rather treated as technological fictions.
Shhh!: Whisper cycle in John Crowley’s rendition of Samuel Beckett’s Come and Go
Authors: Kutlu Filiz
Published: April 2024

Samuel Beckett’s Come and Go (1965) is about three women whose conversations are both audible and inaudible due to each one’s whispering whenever two of them are alone and the other is out of sight. This paper focuses on the film version of Come and Go – directed by John Crowley in 2000 – as part of the Beckett on Film project, which transferred Beckett’s 19 stage-plays to the screen. Drawing upon Mladen Dolar’s theorization of the object voice, this paper aims to analyse how Crowley renders Beckett accessible for contemporary audiences in cinematic terms, with a specific focus on the whisper scenes.
(En)gendering diaspora: Negotiating food, culture and women in select Indian diasporic novels
Authors: Samal Rajbir , Mishra Binod
Published: April 2024

This article revisits two well-known novels in Indian diasporic writing, Anita and Me (1996) by Meera Syal and The Namesake (2003) by Jhumpa Lahiri, to examine the cultural agents behind the formation and sustenance of the Indian diaspora. The article first establishes the multivalence of food to understand Indian literature and culture and then contextualizes the novel into the tradition of Indian diasporic food writing. By focusing on the culinary discourses in the novel, the article argues that Indian women employ their culinary strategies and ingenuities to produce a cultural version of Indianness, central to the construction of the Indian diaspora. The article draws the theoretical framework from Anita Mannur’s postcolonial concept of “kitchen Indians” to unravel the structural working of gender roles that operate at the foundation of the Indian diaspora.
Knowledge transfer in interim management projects
Authors: Skowron-Mielnik Beata , Sobiecki Grzegorz
Published: April 2024

This study aims to define the role of knowledge in a triad of factors determining effectiveness in Interim Management (IM) projects. The discussion is based on the authors’ research concept, which, in addition to knowledge, also explores the categories of trust and power. A longitudinal study using the empirical-inductive approach was conducted in Poland between 2019 and 2021. It included ten enterprises that implemented IM projects in the studied period. The results presented in this article confirm the importance of the empirically adopted study factors, including the transfer of knowledge between the Interim Manager and the client’s (organisation’s) project team. A significant relationship between the level of knowledge and the levels of trust and power emerges as particularly evident. Research can be continued to verify the authors’ initial findings and include the proposed research tools and entities representing different sectors, management cultures and geographical regions in search of additional variables and their correlations with trust, power and knowledge. The research conclusions may prove applicable to both Interim Managers (IMs) and their clients (organisations). They can be used not only for pre-project planning but also during the IM projects.
Circular manufacturing and Industry 5.0. assessing material flows in the manufacturing process in relation to e-waste streams
Authors: Mesjasz-Lech Agata , Kemendi Ágnes , Michelberger Pál
Published: April 2024

The article aims (1) to evaluate material flows in the manufacturing process reflecting the level of circular manufacturing of European Union countries and (2) to estimate the relationship between the level of circular manufacturing and the volume of e-waste put on the market, illustrating the implementation effect of Industry 5.0 technologies. A systematic country classification was created according to development conditions for environmentally sustainable enterprises and trends in e-waste volumes. Multidimensional data analysis and the linear ordering method were used to achieve the research objectives. The dynamics of changes in the identified variables were analysed using dynamics indexes and the average annual rate of change. Relationships were estimated using Pearson’s linear correlation coefficient. The main research result is the estimated synthetic development measure illustrating the level of circular manufacturing in the context of material flows. Significant differences were observed between the synthetic development measure values representing the level of circular manufacturing in European Union countries. This means countries’ circular manufacturing levels are significantly higher than others. Moreover, the values of correlation coefficients were estimated between the level of circular manufacturing and the volume of e-waste put on the market and between the average annual rate of change of the synthetic development measure and the average annual rate of change of the e-waste volume. The coefficient values do not confirm a statistically significant relationship between the indicated variables. Most countries have average conditions for developing environmentally sustainable businesses, but at the same time, they show negative trends in the volume of e-waste generated.
Spatial-temporal assessment of regional labor market differentiation
Authors: Dąbrowski Ireneusz , Politaj Adriana , Wicher Joanna , Mach Łukasz , Frącz Paweł
Published: April 2024

The purpose of this article is a comparative analysis of regional and temporal labor market differentiation. In the study, the following voivodeships were taken as comparative objects. In accordance, following the administrative division, the voivodeships were adopted, while the research period was taken as the years 2011–2021. To study the differentiation of the voivodeship labor markets, the classical method of share shifts and the analysis of share shifts were used. The number of employed people and the registered unemployed by gender were chosen as the measures of differentiation on which the study was based. The results of the analyses made it possible to examine changes in the structure and assess the development of regional labor markets over time.
An evaluation of dogs’ exposure to benzophenones through hair sample analysis
Authors: Gonkowski Sławomir , Martín Julia , Rychlik Andrzej , Aparicio Irene , Santos Juan Luis , Alonso Esteban , Makowska Krystyna
Published: April 2024

Introduction

Benzophenones (BPs) are used in various branches of industry as ultraviolet radiation filters, but they pollute the natural environment, penetrate living organisms, and disrupt endocrine balance. Knowledge of the exposure of domestic animals to these substances is extremely scant. The aim of the study was to investigate long-term exposure of companion dogs to BPs and relate this to environmental factors.

Material and Methods

Hair samples taken from 50 dogs and 50 bitches from under 2 to over 10 years old were analysed for BP content with liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry.

Results

The results revealed that dogs are most often exposed to 2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone (BP-3) and 4-dihydroxybenzophenone (BP-1). Concentration levels of BP-3 above the method quantification limit (MQL) were noted in 100% of the samples and fluctuated from 4.75 ng/g to 1,765 ng/g. In turn, concentration levels of BP-1 above the MQL were noted in 37% of the samples and ranged from <0.50 ng/g to 666 ng/g. Various factors (such as the use of hygiene and care products and the dog’s diet) were found to affect BP concentration levels. Higher levels of BP-3 were observed in castrated/spayed animals and in animals that required veterinary intervention more often.

Conclusion

The results obtained show that the analysis of hair samples may be a useful matrix for biomonitoring BPs in dogs, and that these substances may be toxic to them.
The semantic complexity of Hausa kinship terms
Authors: Batic Gian Claudio
Published: April 2024

This study aims at analysing the absolute semantic complexity of kin terms in Hausa, i.e. to measure the amount of semantic information of individual kin terms. Each kin term is defined by a set of sufficient and necessary conditions (i.e. properties and relations) derived from the construction of a genealogical “space”. In order to calculate semantic complexity, properties (e.g. x is male, x is older than y) and relations (e.g. x is married to y, x is father of y) are encoded as a series of predicates. The terms are defined in a feature matrix system: for each property and relation each kin term is assigned a value on a truth table. Resorting to predicate calculus, the complexity coefficient c of kin terms is calculated as the negative dyadic logarithm of the relative number of trues according to the formula proposed by Lehmann (1978) and adapted from Carnap and Bar-Hillel (1952). Being culture-independent, the definition of kinship terms in a feature-matrix system allows for a) cross-linguistic comparison; b) a consistent treatment of polysemous instances based on the principles of intension and extension; and c) further analysis and applications in representations of kinship systems formulated with genealogical or algebraic approaches.
The ADV speaking-construction in American English: A quantitative corpus-based investigation
Authors: Wiliński Jarosław
Published: April 2024

In this article, the author applies the theory of frame semantics, a usage-based model of construction grammar, and quantitative corpus-based methodology to investigate the nature of the ADV speaking-construction in American English, an adverbial participle construction that has not been previously explored using quantitative corpus-based methods. To investigate this construction, the author extracted its occurrences from the Corpus of Contemporary American English (COCA), analysed its structural, semantic, distributional and discourse-functional properties, and identified adverbs that frequently appear in the construction. The investigation reveals that the construction tends to combine with speech-functional adverbs, which evoke different semantic frames. It commonly occurs in spoken and written registers and serves various functions in discourse. In particular, it is used frequently in spoken discourse and academic prose to comment on the manner of conveying a message and to express speakers’ stances and attitudes toward various topics.
Los antecedentes filosóficos del pensamiento de Chomsky
Authors: Alhajj Marci Norman
Published: April 2024

Resumen
Estudio de lenguas indígenas. Crónica N. 2.
Authors: Navarrete N. Antonio
Published: April 2024

Resumen
نظرية المعرفة في الفكر الإسلامي، (المعتزلة، والاشاعرة، والماتردية، والفلاسفة)
Authors: م.د حسن هادي رشيد
Published: April 2024

المعرفة هي جوهر الدين الإسلامي، فهي التي تقود الإنسان إلى فهم الدين وتطبيقه في حياته. وقد أولى الفكر الإسلامي أهمية كبيرة للمعرفة، بعدها أهم المقاصد الشرعية. ولهذه الأهمية لطالما شغلت المعرفة اهتمام العامة من الناس فضلا عن أصحاب الفكر من العلماء والباحثين، وكيفية الوصول إلى المعرفة الحقيقية باستخدام السبل العلمية، وحسب المنهج العلمي لهذا المفكر او ذاك، وايصالها للعامة باسط صورها، فكان من الضروري الوقوف على معنى نظرية المعرفة بالفكر الاسلامي، للوصول إلى النظرية الإسلامية لكيفية تحصيل المعرفة من خلال المصادر والمناهج العلمية التي اتبعها المفكرين الإسلاميين، ولأنها نظرية إسلامية ففي اطارها العام لم تبتعد عن القرآن والسنة النبوية الا في ضوء التفسير والاجتهاد ضمن المساحة المتاحة (مساحة الفراغ)، ومع هذا الضابط الا اننا نجد ان المفكرين الإسلاميين قد اختلفوا في وضع أسس تأصيلية للمعرفة كلا حسب معتقده للمعرفة، فظهرت مدارس فكرية مختلفة، لاسيما فرق اهل الكلام (المعتزلة والاشاعرة والماتريدية، والفلاسفة)، كلا حسب منهجه العلمي راي وفكر يختلف احدهما عن الاخر، فكانوا في نتائجهم العلمي قربا وبعدا من المنهج الإسلامي، الا ان الكل كان يحاول الوصول الى حقيقة الأشياء.
تجدد ظاهرة الانقلابات في افريقيا والسياسة الفرنسية حيالها: انقلاب النيجر انموذجا
Authors: أ.م.د مروان عوني كامل  , صهيب عبد الصمد اسماعيل
Published: April 2024

ظاهرة الانقلابات في أفريقيا هي ظاهرة سياسية تتمثل في سلسلة من الأحداث حيث يقوم جزء من القوات المسلحة أو مجموعة من القادة بالاطاحة بالحكومة الشرعية بوسائل غير ديمقراطية وغالباً ما يتم ذلك عبر القوة العسكرية. تعتبر هذه الظاهرة منتشرة في العديد من دول القارة الأفريقية، وتتراوح دوافعها من الرغبة في السلطة والثراء الشخصي إلى انتقادات بخصوص الفساد وسوء الحكم وانتهاكات حقوق الإنسان.

تتسم القارة الافريقية بحالة عدم الاستقرار السياسي ، نتيجة تكرار ظاهرة الانقلابات العسكرية، اذ تعد منطقة غرب ووسط افريقيا من اكثر المناطق اضطرابا ، وتأكيدا على ذلك فقد شهدت المدة بين عامي 2020 - 2023 ثمانية انقلابات عسكرية ناجحة ، تمخضت عنها نجاح الانقلابين باستلام السلطة ، وفي السياق نفيه فقد شهدت النيجر في 26/7/2023 انقلاب عسكري ناجح ، تمكن عبره الجنرال عبد الرحمن تشياني من استلام مقاليد الحكم في النيجر .

وجديرا بالذكر فأن تردي الاوضاع الاقتصادية يمكن عدها السبب الرئيسي الذي يقف وراء الانقلاب العسكري الاخير الذي حدث في النيجر. بشكل عام، فإن تجدد الانقلابات في إفريقيا وسياسة فرنسا تجاهها يشكلان تحديات كبيرة للاستقرار السياسي والاقتصادي في القارة، وتتطلب جهود دولية لمواجهة هذه الظاهرة ودعم عمليات الانتقال الديمقراطي وتعزيز حكم القانون.