bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Caracterización agrícola de pequeños agricultores en aplicación de buenas prácticas agrícolas en el municipio de Argelia, Valle del Cauca, Colombia
Authors: Gómez Ramírez Marisol , Mossos Vivas Nilson , Herrera Ramírez Rodrigo
Published: December 2021

El siguiente artículo presenta una caracterización de agricultores de frutas y hortalizas del municipio de Argelia (Valle del Cauca, Colombia) y traza el insumo base para los requerimientos funcionales del diseño de una herramienta digital orientada al registro de las labores agrícolas aplicando buenas prácticas agrícolas (BPA). Se llevó a cabo una investigación de tipo cualitativa soportada con datos cuantitativos que consistió en entrevistar a asesores (Farm Assure) formados bajo la norma internacional GLOBALG.A.P.; además de realizar encuestas semiestructuradas a agricultores de la región y de revisar la reglamentación de dicha norma, que servirá para elaborar los requerimientos funcionales mencionados y que se implementarán en la herramienta digital. El estudio arrojó que todos los agricultores encuestados tienen algún tipo de conocimiento relacionado con la certificación de BPA, ellos reconocen que han aplicado las BPA para poder comercializar sus productos  de acuerdo con las exigencias de las cooperativas de la región.  Así mismo, se muestra la pertinencia del uso de una herramienta móvil capaz de alojar un registro de las actividades de campo, facilitando así  el proceso de certificación en BPA. La adopción de herramientas tecnológicas en la agricultura permite avanzar a la inocuidad de los productos alimentarios en Colombia. Metodológicamente se llevó a cabo una investigación del tipo cualitativa soportada con datos cuantitativos y en este marco se realizó un trabajo de campo que consistió en: (I) entrevistas a 4 asesores (farm Assure) formados bajo la norma internacional GLOBALG.A.P.; (II) encuestas semiestructuradas realizadas a 30 agricultores de las regiones de Argelia  del Valle del Cauca; y (III) revisión de la reglamentación de la norma GlobalG.A.P., con lo cual se elaboraron los requerimientos funcionales y algunas validaciones que se  implementaran en la herramienta digital. Los resultados cualitativos y cuantitativos de esta investigación muestran que los agricultores encuestados tienen algún tipo de conocimiento en certificación de BPA, y que lo aplican en cierta medida, dado que pertenecen a cooperativas de la región que les exigen cumplirlas para comercializar algunos productos. Además, se evidencia la pertinencia del uso de una herramienta móvil que les permita llevar un registro diario de sus labores de campo, con miras a facilitar el proceso de certificación en BPA. Este trabajo hace un aporte al esfuerzo que se está realizando en Colombia en cuanto a la inocuidad de los productos alimentarios con miras a evitar adversidades que pongan en riesgo la salud de la población
Carbonized rice husk as an alternative substrate for Ocimum basilicum L. seedling production
Authors: Salé Mussa Mamudo , Pereira Aline Soares , Junior Hélio Lange , Neutzling Cristiane , Dos Santos Patricia Marques , Schiedeck Gustavo , Dorneles Athos Odin Severo
Published: December 2021

The substrate used in seedling production plays a major role in the initial plant development. In this sense, the objective was to evaluate the emergence capacity and establishment of basil seedlings in different proportions of alternative substrates based on charred rice husk and commercial substrate S10®. The experiment was carried out in expanded polyethylene trays, using basil seeds (Horticeres seeds®), which lasted 28 days. The experimental design was completely randomized, with five treatments (T1: 100 % commercial substrate (BCS); T2: 80 % BCS + 20 % Charred rice husk (CRH); T3: 60 % BCS + 40 % CRH; T4: 40 % BCS + 60 % CRH; T5: 20 % BCS + 80 % CRH) and three repetitions. Were evaluated leaf number, shoot length, root length, root dry mass, shoot dry mass, leaf area, germination, germination speed index, substrate physical analysis (density (dry and wet)), total porosity and aeration space, and chemical analysis (hydrogen potential (PH), and electrical conductivity (EC)). It was observed in the results that the substrate type interferes in the development and quality of the basil seedling. In the shoot lenght parameter, the treatment with 40 % BCS + 60 % CRH (T4) had a significant difference compared to the other treatments. Among the substrates, the best seedling performance was observed in the substrate with 80 % BCS + 20 % CRH (T2), which provided better seedling quality in relation to the other treatments.
Cyanogenic glycosides content as graft compatibility indicator in pear/quince combinations
Authors: Pereira Ivan dos Santos , Diniz Campos Ângela , Greigh de Brito Giovani , Eduardo Corrêa Antunes Luis , Francisco Martins Pereira José
Published: December 2021

The objective of this work is to evaluate the concentration of cyanogenic glycosides CGs (amygdalin and prunasin) in the cultivar and rootstock, as an indicator of compatibility in pear grafts. The work consists of two experiments. Experiment 1 evaluated Cascatense/Pyrus Calleryana and Cascatense/EMC combinations. Experiment 2 evaluated the combinations Packham’s Triumph/Adams, Santa Maria/Adams, and Rocha/Adams. The experimental design of the two experiments was randomized blocks with four replications. The evaluations were carried out in the spring and summer of the harvest 2014/2015. The results indicated graft compatibility in the Cascatense/P. Calleryana, Packham’s Triumph/Adams, and Rocha/Adams combinations; slight incompatibility of Santa Maria/Adams, and severe incompatibility of Cascatense/EMC. The obtained results indicate that differences ≥ 20 mg g-1 of CGs between scion and rootstock were correlated with a drastic reduction in vigor, problems of continuity in graft union, low yield, and early defoliation.
Seed yield of simple and tri-linear corn (Zea mays L.) hybrids for the mexican humid tropics
Authors: Sierra Macías Mauro , Rodríguez Montalvo Flavio A. , Espinosa Calderón Alejandro , Tadeo Robledo Margarita , Gómez Montiel Noel Orlando , Vázquez Carrillo María Griselda , Ugalde Acosta Francisco Javier , Barrón Freyre Sabel , Del Rosario Arellano José Luis , Leyva Ovalle Otto Raúl , Serna Lagunes Ricardo , Andrés Meza Pablo
Published: December 2021

The objective of the work was to evaluate the agronomic performance and seed yield of tropical corn (Zea mays L.) of single and tri-linear crosses. In the spring-summer of 2015 and 2016, two essays were established in the states of Veracruz and Tabasco, Mexico. In the first essay, a group of 12 single crosses was evaluated, and in the second, a group of 18 tri-linear crosses was evaluated. In both essays, the treatments were distributed under a completely randomized block design with three replicates in 5 m long, two-row plots and 0.8 m between rows, with an initial population density of 62.500 plants ha-1. Within the simple cross trial, hybrids HE-3W, COMERCIAL 1, LT-164xLT-165, and HE-1W presented seed yields above the general mean (3384 kg ha-1). Within this outstanding group is the LT-164xLT-165 cross, which participates as a female parent in the formation of the recently released commercial hybrid H-567. In the tri-linear crosses essay, a group of varieties and hybrids including H-567, (LT-164xLT-165) xLT-156, (LT-164xLT-165) xLT-155, (LT-154xLT-155) xLT-165, VS-536, H-520, VS-563, (LT-154xLT-155) xLT-170, (LT-171xLT-172) xLT-156, (LT-164xLT-165) xLT-164, and (LT-171xLT-172) xLT-170 recorded seed yields of 6669.8, 6515.4, 6498.6, 6431.1, 6260, 6024.7, 5935.4, 5664.3, 5580.8, and 5527.1 kg ha-1, respectively. The LT-154, LT-155, and LT-156 lines are common as a male and female parent, suggesting a good genetic combination. The prevailing environmental conditions during the development of the experiments did not significantly influence the productivity of the crosses. There is genetic variability that can be used to continue developing lines, open pollination varieties, and corn hybrids.
Electrical and magnetic data time series’ observations as an approach to identify the seismic activity of non-anthropic origin
Authors: Solano Fino Juan Manuel , Caneva Alexander , Vargas Jiménez Carlos Alberto , Ochoa Luis Hernán
Published: December 2021

In this work, the authors tried to identify a possible relationship between electromagnetic signals (EM) and seismic events in the lithospheric system in the central region of Colombia. The data, both seismic records and electromagnetic signals, were taken from the catalog of the Seismological Network of the National University of Colombia (RSUNAL) and the catalog of the National Seismological Network of Colombia (RSNC). The project included the design and instrument testing phases for recording seismic signals, electrical potential variations, and magnetic field variations to try to identify possible relationships between these signals. Possible electromagnetic precursors for seismic events were observed, mainly magnetic disturbances, but it was not possible to locate evident electrical anomalies (Seismic Electric Signals - SES). Thus, although the results are not conclusive, the magnetic disturbances identified deserve further long-term analysis.
Lipschütz Ulcer and Epstein-Barr Virus Infection
Authors: Silva Íris Santos , Virtuoso João , Ribeiro Joana Filipe , Silva Glória , Oliveira Rita S.
Published: December 2021

Aims: Lipschütz ulcer (LU), also known as acute vulvar ulcer, is a rare cause of vulvar ulcerations of nonvenereal origin. Our aim is to alert about this manifestation of the disease and to prevent unnecessary treatment.Case description: we present a 15 years old female, without relevant family and past history, admitted in the emergency room with a painful vulvar ulcer, preceded by five days of fever and sore throat. On physical examination, she had enlarged, and erythematous tonsils and bilateral anterior cervical lymphadenopathy and the genital examination revealed vulvar oedema and a deep ulcer with necrotic plaques in labium minus. The exclusion of transmitted sexual disease led to a diagnosis of Lipschütz ulcer. She started symptomatic treatment, oral antibiotic and corticoid therapy. She was discharged from the hospital after 6 days of admission and returned to a consult one month later when it was observed an almost complete resolution of the lesions. No recurrences occurred until 3 months.Conclusion: LU is a misdiagnosed pathology, probably because doctors, in general, are not familiarized with that, and since the diagnosis is made by exclusion. Infectious, such as Epstein-Barr Virus infections, are proposed etiologies.
The Attitude of Teachers to the Norm-Creating in the Field of School Upbringing (Case of Russia, Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan)
Authors: Koval Ekaterina A. , Sychev Andrey A. , Zhadunova Natalia V. , Osmonova Nurgul I. , Salikzhanov Rinat S.
Published: December 2021

Introduction. After the collapse of the Soviet Union, new independent states began to develop their own approaches to education based on national and confessional traditions. It was reflected in new norms, regulating their educational systems. The study of these norms and the process of their creation, the role of teachers and other stakeholders in this process help to evaluate educational activities at secondary schools.
Materials and Methods. The expert survey of practicing teachers who work in general education organizations was conducted between December 2020 and May 2021. 268 educators from Russia, Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan answered the questions of the survey. The materials of the study were the norms of the Constitutions, laws on education of Russia, Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan; methodological recommendations on education issues, developed by national academies of education; codes of pedagogical ethics; regulatory documents of religious organizations.
Results. Experts in Kyrgyzstan and Kazakhstan have demonstrated the need for legal norms governing the organization of the upbringing process. The assessment by Russian experts of the existing norms of national legislation showed that they generate excessive bureaucratization of the process, limiting the creative potential of teachers. Most experts in all three countries question the validity of professional codes of ethics. Assessing the norm-making potential of various stakeholders, Russian respondents put the state to the first place along with the pedagogical community, while Kazakh and Kyrgyz experts give priority to the pedagogical community and educational organizations. However, only teachers of Kazakhstan see real opportunities for participation in rule-making processes.
Discussion and Conclusion. There are cross-country differences in assessing the quality of specific norms and the norm-making potential of school teachers. The main problems faced by experts in the implementation of educational activities (bureaucratization, limitation of creative potential, absence of time) are outlined.
Personal Strengths of Russian Teachers in VIA Model: Approbation of the Russian-Language Version of the Questionnaire “Values in Action Inventory of Strengths” (VIA – IS120)
Authors: Stavtsev Alexey A. , Rean Arthur A. , Kuzmin Roman G.
Published: December 2021

Introduction. Positive psychology is one of the most rapidly developing directions of psychological science in the world. Over the past two decades, a large number of empirical researches confirm effectiveness and validity of theoretical studies and practical methods used in the framework of positive psychology. Unfortunately, there is a lack of research in this area in the Russian-speaking scientific community, despite of the presence of high-level scientific teams and individual researchers working in the framework of positive psychology. Probably an important factor in the “low popularity” of positive psychology among Russian authors is the lack of large-scale studies on wide samples of Russian respondents. The purpose of this article is to empirically confirm, the legitimacy of the practical application of the “VIA” model. As well as perform approbation, validation and publication of the Russian-language version of the questionnaire by K. Peterson and M. Seligman “Values in Action Inventory of Strengths” in Russian we suggest more reflecting the essence of the questionnaire name – “24 strengths of the personality”.
Materials and Methods. The approbation was carried out on a wide sample of respondents from the professional sphere of education (N = 7 946), using statistical methods for checking the reliability of the questionnaire, including convergent validity and confirmatory factor analysis.
Results. The reliability tests showed significant validity results, indicating the reliability of the psychometric tool. The scales of the Russian-language version of the VIA-IS questionnaire show more than sufficient internal consistency, The convergent validity test showed significant correlations with the following scales: Life Satisfaction Scale, Self-Esteem Scale, General Self-Efficiency Scale, and Professional Burnout (Maslach’s). Confirmatory factor analysis confirmed the factorial structure of the questionnaire. We manage to meet the desirable “cut-off” model fit parameters of Confirmatory factor analysis.
Discussion and Conclusion. Hopefully, publication of this Russian-language questionnaire will lead to an increase interest for research in the field of positive psychology in the Russian scientific community. The conclusions made by the authors contribute to the development of theoretical concepts of positive psychology, confirming the general structural integrity and practical validity of the model “VIA”. Moreover, this article provides for open use in the Russian scientific psychological community a universal psychometric technique in form of questionnaire with empirically proven reliability on a wide sample of respondents.
Crack identification in beam by antiresonant frequencies
Authors: Khiem Nguyen Tien , Tuan Nguyen Minh , Lien Pham Thi Ba
Published: December 2021

The present paper deals with the concept of antiresonance in multiple cracked beams and application for multi-crack identification. First, governing equations for antiresonant frequency are conducted and used for both computing antiresonant frequencies versus crack parameters and measuring-loading colocation and identifying cracks by measured antiresonant frequencies. Then, a procedure is proposed for crack identification in cantilever beam by antiresonant frequencies based on the so-called crack scanning method. Theoretical development is illustrated by numerical examples.
Numismatic Rarities of Ancient Chersonese: a Dichalkos from The Late-Third Century BC Featuring the Name of Matrodoros
Authors:   Institute of Archaeology of the Crimea of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Alekseienko Nikolai Aleksandrovich
Published: December 2021

Numismatics of ancient Chersonese comprises a big number of silver and copper coin issues. The variety of scenes on the coinage from the period of autonomy resembles the list of known names of officials featured on the coins as those responsible for the city’s mintage. In some cases, the names of mint-makers are abbreviated, which makes the deciphering complicated. In this regard, let us call the attention to an issue of the dichalkoi of Chersonese from the second half of the third century BC featuring Herakles’ head right / bull butting left, with the official’s name “MATP,” always in shortened form. Recently there appeared a coin from the series in question with a more detailed version of the official’s name abbreviated as “МАТРОΔ,” which certainly supposed the name of “Matrodoros.” In the epigraphic inscriptions on ceramic ware from Chersonese, particularly among the local amphorae stamps, there is a name of astynomos Matrodoros son of Lysippos dated from the last third of the third century BC. From the coincidence of this name which rarely occurred in Chersonese with specific numismatic type and the chronology of the stamps there are reasons to infer that this case is related to works of the same official of Chersonese, an archon, who consequently held positions of astynomos and then mint-maker in the polis government. If it was the case, the low chronological frame of the stamps on Chersonesan amphorae showing the name of Matrodoros was close to the time when he became the mint-maker. Therefore, the chronology of the coins in question should be close to the last decade of the third century BC.
On Tendentious Records in the Continuatio Prosperi Hauniensis
Authors:   Ural Federal University, Kozlov Aleksandr Sergeevich
Published: December 2021

This research reveals the features of ideological, political, and partly social orientation of the anonymous compilations formed in Italy (most likely shortly after 636 AD) and known as Continuatio Prosperi Hauniensis, which were the mixture of a chronicle, a duplicate of excerpts from numerous consular lists of the Roman Empire, and a brief overview of the rule of the Ostrogothic and Lombard kings. The author’s attention is focused on the composition of the part of the “Continuation of Prosper” beginning with the events of the mid-fifth century. It is shown that the records saved all the features of a late antique chronicle, though the content uncovers obvious signs of imperfection and confused and incomplete editing (especially in the sections describing the disappearance of the imperial power in the West). On the contrary, the notes on the Lombard Period are clear and consistent in conceptuality. The data in this section of the records are definitely compiled by a single author who worked in the seventh century, most likely in Pavia (the main residence of the Lombard kings), and sought to reflect in his work the need to reconcile contemporary Italian elite with the leaders of barbarian conquerors. According to this anonymous compiler, the stability of the situation in Italy no longer depended on the empire, but rather on the barbarian rulers, who were mostly skilled and pragmatic warriors and politicians. In contrast to a number of sixth and seventh century chroniclers and historians, the compiler does not share the views of Gregory of Tours, Isidore of Seville, and John of Biclar, who advocated the use of force as the main means to achieve stability. He was closer to the “pacification” policy personified by Pope Gregory the Great.
Figurative Images in the Early Christian Funeral Paintings of Chersonese
Authors:   V. I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal University, Zavadskaya Irina Anatol’evna
Published: December 2021

The paintings of the 11 early Christian burial vaults of Chersonese uncovering the image of the Garden of Eden fully correspond to the traditions of the Late Antique art. There figurative images are very rare, and not all of them have been interpreted properly. Single man’s figures preserved in the painting of three vaults (of the years 1853/1905, 1909 and in the vault on N. I. Tur’s land) are of particular interest for the determination of the time and ways of penetration of this artistic tradition into early Christian Chersonese. A comparative analysis of funeral paintings from different regions of the Eastern Roman Empire makes it possible to determine the function of the mentioned images of men in the painting of these tombs and to explain their origin in early Christian burials. According to the fragments that survived, all three figures of young men are very similar in dress and posture. Probably, they all held a burning candle in the hands, the image of which survived only in the vault of the year 1909. These images are comparable to the figures of servants from a number of tombs discovered in the Balkans, Asia Minor, North Africa, and Levant. The young men from Chersonese are most close to the images of male servants from the tombs in Bulgaria and Serbia. From the analogies given in this paper there are reasons to interpret the figures of young men in the three vaults of Chersonese as images of servants. Figures of servants were widespread in ancient art and also in Christian burials to the end of the fourth century. Most likely, these figures appeared in the paintings of Chersonese under the influence of the Eastern Balkan artistic tradition.
Sabaton Excavated at the Palace of the Ancient Town of Mangup
Authors:   V. I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal University, Dushenko Anton Anatol’evich
Published: December 2021

This research addresses a sabaton, or an armour element protecting the foot, excavated in the western area of the prince’s palace of Mangup. The artifact is composed by seven cross-curved iron plates. The sabaton was attached to the shoe with strings, as evidenced by the through-holes in its central and lateral parts. The only archaeological analogy to the sabaton from Mangup is the two sets of plates for foot-protection from the collective burial of the participants of the battle of Visby (Sweden) in 1361. A significant number of analogies appeared among the manuscript miniatures and tombstones of Mediaeval Europe and Renaissance paintings and sculptures. According to the analysis of the analogies, the artifact in question is a knightly sabaton of the European pattern typical for the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries. The archaeological context allowed the one to date the find within the period of the functioning of the Mangup palace in 1425–1475. The most probable date for the sabaton to get into the cultural layer is 1475, when the Ottomans besieged and assaulted Mangup. This statement may be confirmed by the finds of other weapons and layers of fire, recorded in the western part of the palace. The paper presents assumptions about the personality of the owner of the sabaton. This person was one of the defenders of the town and, apparently, was wealthy enough to purchase or order expensive armour. The owner of the sabaton possibly was a local noble, a soldier of the 300 “Wallachians” known from written sources, or one of the Genoese nobles who fled to Mangup after the fall of Kaffa.
Integration Processes in the Polyethnic Society of the Peloponnesos after the Byzantine Restoration of 1262
Authors:   Ural Federal University, Belorussova Tatiana Evgenievna
Published: December 2021

This paper addresses the problem of the Greek-Latin frontier in the Peloponnesos in the second half of the thirteenth century. In 1262, Byzantium regained control over a part of the peninsula. This action disrupted the order that developed there during fifty years and changed the power balance in the region. The author has analysed the transformation of the frontier society of the Peloponnesos when Byzantine administration returned to the country and the peculiarities of integration processes and socio-cultural interethnic interaction under the changed political realities. The sources for the research were the Chronicle of Morea and Latin and Byzantine legislative sources. It has been revealed that in the early years of the “Byzantine reconquest,” the struggle between the Byzantines and the Franks for the territories was accompanied by their rivalry for the political loyalty of the local population. Although the Byzantine strategy of encouraging the Greek resettlement from the Frankish regions to the regions of Mistra had some impact, these migrations did not become widespread; neither did complete isolation of the Greek population from the Latin occur. In the conditions of intensive socio-cultural exchange, the political loyalty of the mixed population of the peninsula was determined either by personal motives or by the wish to have protection, which was especially important in time of military operations. Despite frequent military conflicts, the mixed Greco-Latin society continued to exist and develop, and the persons living in changing political and cultural realities often had to manoeuvre between the Franks and the Byzantines. The conclusion is that the Byzantine restoration in the Peloponnesos did not interrupt the integration processes, and the frontier society kept its special and complex way of life that shaped on the border of the Latin and Byzantine civilizations.
Byzantium and the West on the Way to the Council of Constance
Authors:   Ural Federal University, Pashkin Nikolai Gennadievich
Published: December 2021

This paper examines the connections of the Byzantine Empire and the Latin West on the eve of the Council of Constance. This Council has been analysed in the context of the conflict of King Sigismund of Luxembourg and the Republic of Venice. The project of the church council appeared in order to solve the conflict with the Roman pope as the mediator. Byzantine Emperor Manuel II Palaiologos had the same interest as the European conflict was accompanied with Sigismund’s attempt of arranging an anti-Ottoman crusade. However, the King’s idea of an anti-Turk alliance contradicts to the interests of Byzantium which tried to keep neutrality under the current conditions. The author suggests that the Byzantine Emperor’s real aim was to assist the pope’s intermediary mission. Their contact was possible as negotiations concerning the church union. Byzantine diplomatist Manuel Chrysoloras’ visit to Constance has been analysed from the said standpoint. The situation was complicated by the fact that the prerequisites for solving the conflict of Western powers did not develop before the Council started. Therefore, the discussion of the Latin schism became topical at the Council of Constance, and the deposition of the Antipope John XXIII became inevitable. Thus, the solution of the problem facing the Greeks was postponed until the election of a new Roman pontiff.
Improving Reliability of Onomastic Etymology (with Reference to the Southeastern Lake Onega Region)
Authors:   Institute for Linguistic Studies of the RAS, Sobolev Anton I.
Published: December 2021

The paper addresses the problem of improving reliability of onomastic etymologies using the example of historical and modern personal and place names of southeastern Lake Onega region. The issue is pertinent, as specialists form other fields (c.f. historians and ethnologists) take little account of onomastic research where serious studies and quasi-scientific works presenting unverified data are sometimes difficult to separate. The paper provides examples of erroneous etymologies of personal and place names. Wrong etymologization can occur due to the neglect of written sources (the person named Shestak living in the village of Shestovo, or Terenty living in Terovo) or processes of phonetic adaptation in language contacts (Tyug- from Vepsian tühj ‘empty,’ not from tuug ‘spring sowing’). Another cause is the use of unverified written sources that might include invalid variants of names due to their misspelling or incorrect rendering (Kosach instead of Kagach, Saminskoye instead of Salminskoye). Tangly ethnic and linguistic contexts, such as heterogeneity of topobases (Goik-) or the widespread prevalence of appellatives (Kubas), can also result in etymological mistakes as some name variants may be underinformative and misleading. The author offers a complex approach for improving reliability of onomastic etymologies based on 1) expanding the source base and making comparative research of the collected data, 2) using the data of historical phonetics and phonetic adaptation in contacting languages, 3) emphasizing the so-called “exact” etymologies, 4) comparing local toponymic and anthroponymic data with onomastic evidence from other regions, 5) identifying toponyms with a greater differentiating linguistic potential, 6) eliminating bias which include etymologies accommodated to a specific language.
Reflexes of a Hurrian Word in Armenian: A Theonym, a Dendronym, an Anthroponym
Authors:   Institute of Archaeology and Ethnography National Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Armenia, Petrosyan Armen Ye.
Published: December 2021

In Old Armenian, saws means ‘proud, luxurious, great,’ ‘some (bright) color,’ and saws and sawsi mean ‘oriental plane tree’. The word has no etymology. Hurrian has the word šauša [sausa] ‘big, great’ and the theonym Šauša / Šauška for the local version of the great goddess Ištar. The article undertakes to find a single etymon looking for the clue in comparative mythology. It is known that Anušavan, one of the ancient Armenian mythical patriarchs, was referred to as Sawsanuēr which can be interpreted as “The gift of plane trees” (with a reference to the cult of the plane trees of Armawir, the earliest capital of Armenia). According to mythology, Anushavan’s father and grandfather were related to Šamiram (Greek Semiramis), the queen of the city of Nineveh (capital of Assyria) that is seen as a historicized version of the local goddess Šauš(k)a otherwise called “Ishtar of Nineveh.” The Armenian saws ‘great, magnificent’ quite correlates with this name as a loan from the Hurrian šauša ‘great,’ with a regular apocope. The plane trees were probably symbols of the goddess. Thus, it is natural to assume that the dendronym saws / sawsi (the second form with the Indo-European suffix *-iyā, characteristic of Armenian dendronyms, cf. the genitive plural form sawseac‘) is of Hurrian origin. The first meaning of the Hurrian word ‘great, magnificent’ subsequently turned into theonym and then to the Armenian dendronym, the name of the largest and most luxurious tree in the Armenian Highland and adjacent territories.
Personal Names of the Bulteger Tungus Clan of the Urulgin Steppe Duma (Based on Early 19th Century Census Lists)
Authors:   Transbaikal State University, Zhamsaranova Raisa G.
Published: December 2021

The paper explores personal names of Tungusic people belonging to the Bulteger clan of the Urulgin Steppe Duma, based on State Archive census data from the Trans-Bailkal area of the early 19th century. This is a first approximation to creating a full corpus of male and female names of the Tungus within a particular clan including its population figures across different periods. The author establishes nationally motivated strategies of naming and uses morphemic analysis to draw correlations with Evenk names. In addition to the characteristic affix -cha of Evenk personal names (Bukacha, Iglancha, Irkencha, Kivuncha, Magalcha, Tevancha, Uvulcha, Cholboncha), the study has revealed some other affixes: -(v)ul (Gatavul, Genevul, Dekevul, Toepul / Toepvul), -ga/-gu/-ka (Wamchigu, Dambuga, Damkinka, Sopchinga, Eldinga, Emkinga). This multiplicity of name forms is due to both objective (e.g., dialectal differences) and subjective factors (phonetical spelling cases that distort the original name). It is concluded that the historical name-list of the Tungus-Orochon people of the Bulteger clan shares the common naming principles of the peoples of Siberia and the Far East. The article describes nine anthroponymic patterns. In terms of motivation, all of them reflect the ethnocultural specificity of Siberian aboriginal peoples attributable to the nomadic reindeer herding type of farming, lifestyle, and relationships between man and nature. The same archaic worldview is unconditionally reflected in the naming patterns. Based on semantic correlations between the anthroponymic stems of the studied names and appellatives of other Tungus-Manchu languages, the author also hypothesizes about the multi-ethnic structure of the vagrant Orochon tribes.
Impact of surgical checklist and its completion on complications and mortality in urgent colorectal procedures
Authors: GAMA CAMILA SARMENTO , BACKMAN CHANTAL , OLIVEIRA ADRIANA CRISTINA
Published: December 2021

ABSTRACT Objective: to assess the impact of using a surgical checklist and its completion on complications such as surgical site infection (SSI), reoperation, readmission, and mortality in patients subjected to urgent colorectal procedures, as well as the reasons for non adherence to this instrument in this scenario, in a university hospital in Ottawa, Canada. Methods: this is a retrospective, epidemiological study. We collected data from an electronic database containing information on patients undergoing urgent colorectal operations, and analyzed the occurrence of SSI, reoperation, readmission, and death in a 30 day period, as well as the completion of the checklist. We conducted a descriptive statistical analysis and logistic regression. Results: we included 5,145 records, of which 5,083 (98.8%) had complete checklists. As for the outcomes evaluated, cases with complete checklists displayed higher SSI rate, 9.1% vs. 6.5% (p=0.466), lower reoperation rate, 5% vs.11.3% (p=0.023), lower readmission rates, 7.2% vs. 11.3% (p=0.209), and lower mortality, 3.0% vs. 6.5% (p=0.108) than cases with incomplete ones. Conclusion: there was a high level of checklist completion and a larger number of the outcomes in the reduced percentage of incomplete checklists found, demonstrating the impact of its utilization on the safety of patients undergoing urgent operations.
Evolução da infecção pelo HIV entre os povos indígenas do Brasil Central
Authors: Graeff Samara Vilas-Bôas , Pícoli Renata Palópoli , Arantes Rui , Cunha Rivaldo Venâncio da
Published: December 2021

A distribuição da epidemia de aids no Brasil está associada a uma ampla gama de fatores que definem maior ou menor vulnerabilidade de grupos populacionais. O estudo teve como objetivo analisar as características clínicas e laboratoriais dos casos de infecção pelo HIV/aids em indivíduos com 13 anos de idade ou mais, e sua evolução para o óbito na população indígena assistida pelo Distrito Sanitário Especial Indígena de Mato Grosso do Sul. Realizou-se um estudo descritivo e retrospectivo sobre a condição clínica e evolução da doença entre 2001 e 2014, a partir de três bases de dados secundários. Foram avaliados o tempo de evolução para a aids, o tempo de evolução ao óbito, a carga viral, a contagem de linfócitos T-CD4+ e o tempo de sobrevida. Foram identificados 103 casos de infecção pelo HIV, dos quais 48,5% evoluíram para aids, sendo 60% em menos de um ano desde o diagnóstico. Foram registrados 40 óbitos, sendo 77,5% em decorrência da infecção pelo HIV. Desses que morreram, apenas 30% tiveram sobrevida maior do que um ano. Este estudo sugere que o diagnóstico da infecção pelo HIV se deu nas fases avançadas da doença, revelando-se tardio e apontando uma cobertura diagnóstica deficiente. A rápida evolução ao óbito e curto período de sobrevida também podem indicar fragilidade no acesso aos serviços de saúde de referência, assim como desarticulação e pactuações insuficientes entre Distrito, municípios e estado.
O que os dados nacionais indicam sobre a oferta e a realização de aborto previsto em lei no Brasil em 2019?
Authors: Jacobs Marina Gasino , Boing Alexandra Crispim
Published: December 2021

Resumo: Nos casos previstos em lei, o aborto é ofertado pelo Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS). O presente estudo busca mapear e caracterizar a oferta e realização do procedimento no Brasil em 2019. Foram incluídos os Serviços de Referência para Interrupção de Gravidez em Casos Previstos em Lei (SRIGCPL) registrados no Sistema do Cadastro Nacional de Estabelecimentos de Saúde (SCNES) e os estabelecimentos com registros de aborto por razões médicas e legais no Sistema de Informações Ambulatoriais ou no Sistema de Informações Hospitalares. Os estabelecimentos foram caracterizados em tipo e subtipo, natureza jurídica e convênios, e georreferenciados a partir dos dados do SCNES. Em seguida, os municípios foram divididos entre os com e os sem oferta em 2019 e então apresentados por categorias de Índice de Desenvolvimento Humano Municipal (IDH-M) e porte populacional. Logo foi calculada a taxa de realização de aborto previsto em lei dos dois grupos de municípios. Ao todo, 290 estabelecimentos ofertavam o serviço, sendo 101 SRIGCPL e 251 estabelecimentos com registro de procedimento. Os estabelecimentos estavam em 3,6% (200) dos municípios brasileiros. A oferta se deu majoritariamente em hospitais (98,6%), pela administração pública (62,1%), conveniada ao SUS (99,7%), em municípios da Região Sudeste (40,5%), com mais de 100 mil habitantes (59,5%) e de IDH-M alto ou muito alto (77,5%). A taxa de realização de aborto previsto em lei entre as residentes em idade fértil dos municípios sem oferta do serviço foi de 4,8 vezes menor que nos municípios com o serviço. A oferta do aborto previsto em lei no Brasil se dá de forma desigual no território, com possível implicação no acesso ao serviço.
MODALIDADES DE SUPERVISÃO E COLABORAÇÃO EM ESCOLAS PORTUGUESAS: OS DISCURSOS E AS PRÁTICAS DOS PROFESSORES EM CONTEXTO DE FORMAÇÃO
Authors: SÉRGIO ANA DE LURDES VIDEIRA , MOGARRO MARIA JOÃO
Published: December 2021

RESUMO: No âmbito do Programa Nacional de Promoção do Sucesso Escolar, os agrupamentos de escolas, em Portugal, elaboraram planos contemplando ações estratégicas locais conducentes à promoção do sucesso das aprendizagens dos alunos. Com este objetivo, foi disponibilizada formação contínua, em contexto de trabalho, ajustada às necessidades sinalizadas pelos professores em cada unidade orgânica e em convergência com o desenho de prioridades previamente estabelecido. O estudo pretendeu compreender este processo, em especial as modalidades de organização pedagógica dos professores. O artigo apresenta as conclusões resultantes da análise qualitativa de conteúdo realizada a sessenta relatórios produzidos pelos professores, em contexto de formação, em 2017/2018, no que se refere às seguintes dimensões de análise: representações da supervisão e da colaboração; práticas de supervisão e de colaboração em uso nas estruturas intermédias das escolas - grupos, departamentos e conselhos de turma; potencialidades e constrangimentos à supervisão e à colaboração nas organizações educativas e representações da formação em contexto de trabalho. Os resultados evidenciam a crescente desvinculação do conceito de supervisão das ações de inspeção e controlo e a sua gradual aproximação a modalidades de trabalho entre pares e em colaboração. Os discursos dos professores expressam, também, a débil presença de modalidades de supervisão da prática letiva nas estruturas intermédias e a pouca robustez do trabalho em equipa. Consideram que ambos os processos, de supervisão e colaboração, podem apresentar-se como estratégias potenciadoras do desenvolvimento profissional. Os professores perspetivam a necessidade de mudança na forma de organização do trabalho escolar e valorizam os espaços de formação em contexto.
PRÁTICA DE DOCÊNCIA EM HISTÓRIA EM TEMPOS DE PANDEMIA: PERCEPÇÕES DE LICENCIANDOS/AS
Authors: GONÇALVES NADIA GAIOFATTO , URBAN ANA CLÁUDIA
Published: December 2021

RESUMO: O objetivo deste artigo é refletirmos sobre o ensino de História a partir da experiência realizada junto a estudantes do curso de Graduação em História/UFPR durante o desenvolvimento da disciplina Prática de Docência no ano letivo de 2020. Como parte das atividades da referida disciplina estava o acompanhamento de aulas remotas ofertadas pela Secretaria de Estado da Educação do Paraná (SEED-PR) e a sistematização de registros por meio do diário de campo. Para as reflexões deste artigo abordaremos as observações feitas pelos/as próprios/as licenciandos/as acerca de aulas remotas voltadas para os Anos Finais do Ensino Fundamental e para o Ensino Médio. A partir desse material, aqui assumido como fonte, pretendemos discutir as percepções dos/as licenciados/as sobre a relação ensino aprendizagem, considerando o debate metodológico presente nas aulas acompanhadas. Como resultado apontamos a presença do dilema quantidade x qualidade (aprofundamento, problematização) de conteúdo; a forma de mediar o conhecimento acadêmico e o conhecimento histórico escolar e a característica mnemônica das atividades propostas nas aulas remotas, em detrimento de problematizações que consideram a argumentação dos alunos ao se relacionarem com o conhecimento histórico. Para a análise destas questões utilizamos como referência as contribuições de Pierre Bourdieu, em especial os conceitos de habitus e de campo, as do campo da Educação Histórica com Jörn Rüsen, para refletir sobre a formação da consciência histórica e as de Ana Zavala, para pensar a prática docente e o sentido destas observações na formação inicial de professores de História.
DISPOSITIVOS FORMATIVOS NAS LICENCIATURAS: ANÁLISE DE EXPERIÊNCIAS BRASILEIRAS À LUZ DA LITERATURA FRANCÓFONA
Authors: TARTUCE GISELA LOBO , DAVIS CLAUDIA LEME FERREIRA , ALMEIDA PATRÍCIA CRISTINA ALBIERI DE
Published: December 2021

RESUMO: Muito se discute, do ponto de vista teórico, a formação inicial de professores, a despeito de se saber pouco do que se passa no âmbito das licenciaturas brasileiras. Com base em resultados inéditos de pesquisa anterior, aqui ampliados e aprofundados, o objetivo deste artigo é duplo: (a) analisar e divulgar as propostas pedagógicas voltadas à formação inicial docente nos países francófonos, importante grupo de referência no Brasil, e (b) verificar como - e com quais configurações - aspectos afeitos a essa literatura aparecem no país. Para tanto, recorreu-se às experiências vencedoras do Prêmio Professor Rubens Murillo Marques (PPRMM), que valoriza o formador de professores e divulga as experiências que contribuem para aprendizagem da docência. Os resultados indicam que, apesar dos entraves de ordem macro, há também iniciativas pontuais que conseguem promover a unidade entre teoria e prática, ao favorecer a aproximação do licenciando com a escola em outros momentos do curso que não apenas nas disciplinas de estágio. Com isso, os futuros professores aprendem a utilizar as teorias disponibilizadas nas universidades no contexto de escolas de educação básica, refletindo, analisando e questionando os dispositivos que utilizam, à luz dos resultados esperados e obtidos.
Tendência temporal da tuberculose drogarresistente (TBDR) e dos tipos de resistência no estado de Pernambuco, Brasil
Authors: Martins Ariane Cristina Bezerra Silva , Montarroyos Ulisses , Queiroz Amanda , Galindo Jadson Mendonça , Rabello Michelle Christiane da Silva , Schindler Haiana Charifker
Published: December 2021

Resumo Introdução A tuberculose drogarresistente (TBDR) é um dos grandes desafios para a saúde pública. Objetivo Este estudo analisou a tendência temporal da TBDR e a razão da proporção dos tipos de resistência no estado de Pernambuco, no período de 2002 a 2014. Método Trata-se de um estudo observacional do tipo tendência temporal de série histórica utilizando dados do Sistema de Informação de Tratamentos Especiais da Tuberculose e análise pelo modelo autorregressivo de médias móveis de ordem 2. Resultados Foram notificados 298 novos casos de TBDR, com incidência variando entre 0,06 e 0,71/100 mil habitantes. Pelo menos 1 caso foi notificado em 40 dos 185 municípios do estado. A tendência temporal da TBDR e da proporção entre os tipos de resistência não apresentou comportamento linear. Nos últimos cinco anos, houve uma tendência ascendente, concentrando 71,1% dos casos da série histórica. Em 2014, foi observado um crescimento expressivo tanto da TBDR primária como da secundária, quando comparado ao ano de 2002. Conclusão Apesar da baixa incidência e de a tendência da TBDR não ter comportamento linear, o aumento de casos nos últimos anos da série histórica pode ser considerado um sinal de alerta para os programas de controle da doença em Pernambuco.
Inactivation of isolated fungi on Erythrina velutina Willd. seeds through atmospheric plasma
Authors: Diógenes F. E. P. , Nascimento S. R. C. , Alves Junior C. , Paiva E. P. , Torres S. B. , Oliveira A. K. , Ambrósio M. M. Q.
Published: December 2021

Abstract This study aimed to evaluate the effect of atmospheric plasma application on the inactivation of fungi on the surface of Erythrina velutina seeds and on isolated fungal colonies. Two experiments were conducted using a completely randomized design. First, plasma was applied to the surface of the seeds using helium gas and atmospheric plasma for 3, 6, and 9 min in addition to the control (untreated seeds), constituting seven treatments with five repetitions each. In the second experiment, Petri dishes containing the inoculum of different fungi were treated with atmospheric air plasma for 3, 6, and 9 min (Air-3, Air-6, and Air-9) and were compared with untreated fungi in Petri dishes without treatment (control), totaling four treatments and five repetitions each. We found that the application of atmospheric air plasma to E. velutina seeds for 9 min had an antimicrobial effect on the fungi Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus flavus, Fusarium sp., Brachysporium sp., and Rhizopus sp. The formation of fungal colonies isolated from E. velutina seeds was also inhibited by 3 min of exposure to atmospheric air plasma, except for A. niger, whose inhibition occurred after 6 min of exposure to atmospheric plasma.