bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Optimizing conditions of mycelial inoculum immobilized in Ca-alginate beads: a case study in ectomycorrhizal fungus Astraeus odoratus
Authors: Punsung Yanisa , Pachit Pawara , Kijpornyongpan Teeratas , Paliyavuth Chanita , Imwattana Karn , Piapukiew Jittra
Published: February 2024

Ectomycorrhizal inoculum has emerged as a critical tool for forest restoration, especially under challenging climate change conditions. The inoculation of selective ectomycorrhizal fungi can enhance seedling survival and subsequent growth in the field. Entrapment of vegetative inocula within alginate beads has proven to be the most suitable method for seedling application in nurseries and plantations. This study optimized the liquid media for mycelial growth of Astraeus odoratus strain K1 and the sodium alginate solution composition for enhanced mycelial viability after entrapment. Using Modified Melin-Norkrans as the optimal media for mycelial cultivation and 2% sodium alginate supplemented with Czapek medium, 0.25% activated charcoal, 5% sucrose, and 5% sorbitol in the alginate solution yielded the highest viability of A. odoratus mycelia. Preservation in distilled water and 10% glycerol at 25°C for 60 days proved to be the most effective storage condition for the alginate beads. Both fresh and preserved alginate beads were tested for colonizing on Hopea odorata Roxb. seedlings, showing successful colonization and ectomycorrhizal root formation, with over 49% colonization. This study fills a crucial gap in biotechnology and ectomycorrhizal inoculum, paving the way for more effective and sustainable forest restoration practices.
A novel approach to use the DayCent model for simulating agroforestry systems with multiple components
Authors: Laub Moritz , Goff Ulysse Le , Prébandier Marc , Six Johan , Cardinael Rémi
Published: February 2024

Agroforestry can offer carbon sequestration, higher system productivity and biodiversity. However, a limited number of field trials exist to study their feasibility and trade-offs for large scale deployment. Agroecosystem models could represent a valuable tool for their ex ante assessment. Here, we present ZonalCent, a novel approach to use the DayCent model to simulate multi-component agroforestry systems by splitting them into several independent zones, and simulating each zone individually. We used six agroforestry sites in France to evaluate how well ZonalCent represented carbon sequestration in tree biomass, soil organic carbon stocks and in the total system. This proved promising because with the default parameter set of DayCent, ZonalCent was highly suitable to represent tree carbon sequestration (Nash-Sutcliffe modelling efficiency; NSE of 0.82), and for total system carbon sequestration potential (NSE of 0.67), despite a tendency to overestimate SOC stocks (NSE of 0.31). Only one site had yield data and there, ZonalCent approach could approximate the mean yield reduction - yet more detailed evaluation is necessary. Negative correlations with yield showed that yield was most strongly affected by a) shading by mature trees and b) the loss of arable area due to grass strips. While more detailed models may be needed for a detailed process understanding, ZonalCent includes the most important interactions (light, water, nutrients, temperature) in a simple but effective way and can be readily used - because it is based on DayCent - to estimate the potential carbon sequestration of agroforestry systems at larger scales.
Breaking the mucin barrier: a new affinity chromatography-mass spectrometry approach to unveil potential cell markers and pathways altered in Pseudomyxoma peritonei
Authors: Romero-Ruiz Antonio , Granados-Rodríguez Melissa , Bura Florina I. , Valenzuela-Molina Francisca , Rufián-Andújar Blanca , Martínez-López Ana , Rodríguez-Ortiz Lidia , Ortega-Salas Rosa , Torres-Martínez María , Moreno-Serrano Ana , Castaño Justo , Michán Carmen , Alhama José , Vázquez-Borrego Mari C. , Arjona-Sánchez Álvaro
Published: February 2024

Background
Pseudomyxoma peritonei (PMP) is a rare peritoneal mucinous carcinomatosis with unknown underlying molecular mechanisms. Cytoreductive surgery combined with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy is the only therapeutic option; however, despite its use, recurrence with a fatal outcome is common. The lack of molecular characterisation in PMP and other mucinous tumours is mainly due to the physicochemical properties of mucin.
Results
This manuscript describes the first protocol capable of breaking the mucin barrier and isolating proteins from mucinous tumours. Thus, we present here the first proteome analysed in PMP and identified a distinct mucin isoform profile in soft compared to hard mucin tissues as well as key biological processes/pathways altered in mucinous tumours. Importantly, this protocol also allowed us to identify MUC13 as a potential tumour cell marker in PMP.
Conclusions
In summary, our results demonstrate that this protein isolation protocol from mucin will have a high impact, allowing the oncology research community to more rapidly advance in the knowledge of PMP and mucinous neoplasms, as well as develop new and effective therapeutic strategies.
The Anopheles coluzzii range extends into Kenya: Detection, insecticide resistance profiles and population genetic structure in relation to conspecific populations in West and Central Africa
Authors: Kamau Luna , Bennett Kelly L. , Ochomo Eric , Herren Jeremy , Agumba Silas , Otieno Samson , Omoke Diana , Matoke-Muhia Damaris , Mburu David , Mwangangi Joseph , Ramaita Edith , Juma Elijah O. , Mbogo Charles , Barasa Sonia , Miles Alistair
Published: February 2024

Background
Anopheles coluzzii is a primary vector of malaria found in West and Central Africa, but its presence has hitherto never been documented in Kenya. A thorough understanding of vector bionomics is important as it enables the implementation of targeted and effective vector control interventions. Malaria vector surveillance efforts in the country have tended to focus on historically known primary vectors. In the current study, we sought to determine the taxonomic status of samples collected from five different malaria epidemiological zones in Kenya as well asdescribe the population genetic structure and insecticide resistance profiles in relation to other An. coluzzi populations.
Methods
Mosquitoes were sampled as larvae from Busia, Kwale, Turkana, Kirinyaga and Kiambu counties, representing the range of malaria endemicities in Kenya, in 2019 and 2021 and emergent adults analysed using Whole Genome Sequencing data processed in accordance with the Anopheles gambiae 1000 Genomes Project phase 3. Where available, historical samples from the same sites were included for WGS.
Results
This study reports the detection of Anopheles coluzzii for the first time in Kenya. The species was detected in Turkana County across all three time points sampled and its presence confirmed through taxonomic analysis. Additionally, we found a lack of strong population genetic differentiation between An. coluzzii from Kenya and those from the more northerly regions of West and Central Africa, suggesting they represent a connected extension to the known species range. Mutations associated with target-site resistance to DDT and pyrethroids and metabolic resistance to DDT were found at high frequencies of ~60%. The profile and frequencies of the variants observed were similar to An. coluzzii from West and Central Africa but the ace-1 mutation linked to organophosphate and carbamate resistance present in An. coluzzii from coastal West Africa was absent in Kenya.
Conclusions
These findings emphasise the need for the incorporation of genomics in comprehensive and routine vector surveillance to inform on the range of malaria vector species, and their insecticide resistance status to inform the choice of effective vector control approaches.
Prevalence and genotyping of Toxoplasma gondii in questing Ixodes ricinus ticks from forest areas of Northern Poland
Authors: Adamska Małgorzata
Published: February 2024

Toxoplasma gondii occurs in a wide range of intermediate hosts whose blood may be a source of infection for ticks. There are few studies on the involvement of ticks in T. gondii life cycle and this one includes the largest number and all stages of Ixodes ricinus collected from the widest area, covering seven recreational localities within a forest biotope in Northern Poland. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of T. gondii DNA in collected 2144 questing ticks to establish if they may be involved in T. gondii transmission. The aim was also genotyping of detected T. gondii as knowledge about its genotypes occurring in European ticks is insufficient. The next goal was detection of ticks coinfection with T. gondii and Borreliaceae, as all ticks examined in this study have previously been tested for the presence of Borreliaceae DNA. Nested PCR and sequencing of the obtained B1 gene fragment were conducted. T. gondii DNA was detected in 0.9% of all ticks (1.1% of nymphs, 0.7% of larvae). The presence of T. gondii in unfed larvae and nymphs may indicate the possibility of its transovarial and transstadial transmission. Prevalence of T. gondii DNA in ticks collected from individual sites was focal (0-4.3%) and seems to be dependent on local conditions. Among all examined ticks, 0.3% were coinfected with T. gondii and Borreliella spp. vs. 0.6% of specimens with T. gondii single infection. The obtained B1 sequences showed the greatest similarity (99.71–100%) to the sequence representing type III.
Fault Hiding Procedure for Affine Nonlinear Multi- Agent Systems based on Adaptive Virtual Actuator: Application to Microgrid Systems
Authors: Ghasemi Reza , MahdianZadeh S.Narges
Published: February 2024

This approach develops an Adaptive fault hiding process for affine nonlinear multi-agent systems. This approach has the capability to hide the faults and external disturbances effects to guarantee the asymptotic consensus of the nonlinear dynamics in the occurrence of actuator faults, uncertainties. This methodology does not involve the separated fault detection, isolation, and identification unit to reduce the amount of computer computing. Compared to the recent researches concentrate on systems with constant input gain, the recommended policy investigates systems with nonlinear input gain as more general systems. The focal evidences of the suggested technique are 1) Making the closed loop system stable 2) Convergence the faulty systems to nominal ones in presence of faults and external disturbances, 3) convergence of the followers to the leader, and 4) robustness of the overall system. To validate the proposed methodology, this is applied on synchronous generators (SGs) in a micro-grid systems. Simulations demonstrate the effectiveness of planned fault tolerant control.
The role of corporate environmental ethics in shaping environmental management accounting adoption under the institutional theory
Authors: D. B. Chetanraj , Kumar J. P. Senthil , Sri Sai Velaga , K. V. Ramegowda
Published: February 2024

This study aims to investigate the complex association between institutional pressure, adoption of environmental management accounting (EMA), and financial performance, with corporate environmental ethics as a moderating component. It explains why and how firms adopt EMA in response to institutional demand to factor environmental factors into their strategic decision-making processes. Quantitative information is gathered using a structured questionnaire from 256 manufacturing companies’ environmental managers and executives who monitor environmental practices and policies and decision-makers who shape business environmental ethics and strategy in the Indian state of Karnataka. Data are analyzed using SmartPLS 4, and PLS-SEM tests the hypotheses. The results show that coercive pressure (β = 0.244, p = 0.000), mimetic pressure (β = 0.221, p = 0.000), and normative pressure (β = 0.209, p = 0.000) have a major role in determining the rate of EMA adoption. It is further identified that EMA adoption (β = 0.217, p = 0.000) positively influences the organization's financial performance. Furthermore, EMA adoption mediates the relationship between coercive pressure (β = 0.053, p = 0.000), normative pressure (β = 0.045, p = 0.000), mimetic pressure (β = 0.048, p = 0.000), and firm’s financial performance. Coercive pressure is associated with higher EMA adoption, although the impact of this link is moderated by corporate environmental ethics (β = 0.069, p = 0.000).
Reliability of industrial policies in Nepal: An empirical investigation into the role of macroeconomic indicators
Authors: Raj Kharel Khom , Mani Upadhyaya Yadav , Raj Ghimire Shiva , Dev Lamichhane Basu
Published: February 2024

This study aims to analyze the reliability of Nepal’s industrial policies, focusing on the effects of macroeconomic variables on implementation and outcomes. This paper assesses Nepal’s industrial policies, emphasizing the need for improvements, export promotion, and human capital development while recognizing the importance of strategic planning and context-specific approaches for economic growth, stability, and development. The analytical and descriptive approaches have been applied to analyze the data by collecting secondary data sources that include official publications, which encompass 47 time series variables from 1974 to 2020. The findings provide mixed evidence for the economic impacts of liberalization, with exports and liberalization driving overall GDP growth. In contrast, other factors like economic openness, tourism, and their relationship with industrial GDP remain statistically insignificant. The paper indicates that remittances and investment have the most substantial impact on GDP, raising it by 1.86 and 1.21 units per unit increase, respectively. Exports have a moderate impact on industrial GDP (0.403 units). Export-oriented industries and tourism lack significant associations with either type of GDP. Liberalization significantly boosted both GDP and industrial GDP, with an increase of 179465.3 and 49595.62 units, respectively. Imports also jumped post-liberalization, driven by higher remittances as 1.215 units per unit increase. This study on industrial policies in developing economies, focusing on Nepal, adds valuable insights. The findings can ensure policymaking, boost economic growth, and strengthen Nepal’s industrial sector.
Preparation of PDMS and PDMS-UiO-66 oxygen-rich membranes and modules for membrane-aerated biofilm reactors
Authors: Tao Haiyan , Cao Xiaochang , Song Rujie , Zhou Zebin , Cheng Fang
Published: February 2024

A membrane-aerated biofilm reactor (MABR) combines membrane technology with biofilm processes and has unique advantages in the treatment of organic wastewater and volatile wastewater. The common membranes for MABR systems usually have relatively uneven pore structures and low bubble point pressure, resulting in unsatisfactory O2 utilization and wastewater treatment efficiency. In this work, polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) and UiO-66 (a Zr-based metal organic framework) were coated on the surface of a commercial polypropylene (PP) hollow fiber membrane to prepare oxygen-rich MABR membranes and modules, which showed an attractive O2 utilization rate and wastewater treatment efficiency. The bubble points of the PDMS and PDMS-UiO-66 membranes were significantly higher than those of the PP membranes, and the PDMS-UiO-66 membranes had better oxygen enrichment capacity and biological affinity. The optimal PDMS-UiO-66 membrane modules had an O2 permeance of 31.65 GPU (1 GPU = 3.35 × 10−10 mol m−2 s−1 Pa−1), with O2/N2 selectivity of 2.21. The membrane hanging effect and processing capacity for domestic sewage were greatly improved. This study may provide insights and guidelines to fabricate porous mixed matrix membranes and modules in the industry for MABR. The developed products are expected to be applied in the actual separation process.
Previsibilidade, Tempo e Direito Reprodutivo
Authors: Martins Ana Beatriz
Published: February 2024

O Brasil vive uma epidemia de cesáreas com uma taxa de mais de 55% de partos cirúrgicos no ano de 2018, liderando o ranking mundial. Isso contraria as recomendações da Organização Mundial da Saúde e desperta atenção de pesquisadores. Muitos estudos têm apontado para uma “cultura da cesárea” ou “fatores socioculturais”, sem desenvolver o que isso significa. O objetivo deste artigo é contribuir para esta discussão acerca dos fatores socioculturais, e faz isso através de uma análise conceitual, estabelecendo associação entre temporalidade moderna, previsibilidade, violência obstétrica, e índices de cesáreas como via de nascimento. Enunciamos um problema empírico necessário e pouco explorado conceitualmente, e acionamos bibliografias próprias da teoria sociológica contemporânea, construindo um argumento de que o elemento sociocultural que contribui para as altas taxas de cesáreas no país podem ser traduzidos em desejo por segurança ontológica e previsibilidade, típicos da modernidade. Sugerimos também uma possível saída, teórica e empírica, que garanta os direitos reprodutivos das mulheres e devolva a elas seu protagonismo.
Environmental Sustainability under the Impact of the Current Crises
Authors: Mravcová Anna
Published: February 2024

The state of the environment is getting worse worsening, despite the efforts of international community and individual states aimed at its improvement and achieving environmental sustainability. Moreover, the current crises – the COVID-19 pandemic and the armed conflict in Ukraine – have many negative effects on these efforts. The main aim of this paper is to analyse the most significant impacts of these crises on achieving environmental sustainability. We assume that they have strongly negatively affected the progress towards this goal, which we see as very dangerous given the urgency of the environmental crisis and the severity of its consequences. The paper is divided into three parts. In the first part, we outline the importance of environmental sustainability, focusing on the profiling of environmental pillar of sustainable development. The second part focuses on the analysis and mapping of the most significant environmental impacts of the COVID-19 crisis and the armed conflict in Ukraine on the very achievement of environmental sustainability. In this part, we demonstrate that both crises have strongly negatively influenced it and set the global community back in these efforts. In the third part, the findings as well as several possible future strategies are discussed.
Exploring the Potential Mechanisms of Action of Gentiana Veitchiorum
Hemsl. Extract in the Treatment of Cholestasis using UPLC-MS/MS,
Systematic Network Pharmacology, and Molecular Docking
Authors: Wang Yue , Tan Nixia , Su Rong , Liu Zhenhua , Hu Na , Dong Qi
Published: February 2024

Introduction:

Gentiana veitchiorum Hemsl. (GV) has a long history in Tibetan medicine
for treating hepatobiliary disease cholestasis. However, the mechanisms mediating its efficacy
in treating cholestasis have yet to be determined.

Aim:

To elucidate the mechanisms of action of GV in the treatment of cholestasis, an integrated
approach combining ultra performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry
(UPLC-MS/MS) analysis with network pharmacology was established.

Materials and Methods:

A comprehensive analysis of the chemical composition of GV was
achieved by UPLC-MS/MS. Subsequently, a network pharmacology method that integrated target
prediction, a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network, gene set enrichment analysis, and a component-
target-pathway network was established, and finally, molecular docking and experiments
in vitro were conducted to verify the predicted results.

Results:

Twenty compounds that were extracted from GV were identified by UPLC-MS/MS
analysis. Core proteins such as AKT1, TNF, and IL6 were obtained through screening in the
Network pharmacology PPI network. The Kyoto Encyclopedia of the Genome (KEGG) pathway
predicted that GV could treat cholestasis by acting on signaling pathways such as TNF/IL-17 /
PI3K-Akt. Network pharmacology suggested that GV might exert a therapeutic effect on cholestasis
by regulating the expression levels of inflammatory mediators, and the results were further
confirmed by the subsequent construction of an LPS-induced RAW 264.7 cell model.

Conclusions:

In this study, UPLC-MS/MS analysis, network pharmacology, and experiment
validation were used to explore potential mechanisms of action of GV in the treatment of cholestasis.
A Six-gene Prognostic Model Based on Neutrophil Extracellular Traps
(NETs)-related Gene Signature for Lung Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Mo Guiyan , Long Xuan , Cao Limin , Tang Yuling , Yan Yusheng , Guo Ting
Published: February 2024

Background:

Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is one of the most common malignant
cancers. Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) have been discovered to play a crucial role in the
pathogenesis of LUAD. We aimed to establish an innovative prognostic model for LUAD
based on the distinct expression patterns of NETs-related genes.

Methods:

The TCGA LUAD dataset was utilized as the training set, while GSE31210,
GSE37745, and GSE50081 were undertaken as the verification sets. The patients were grouped
into clusters based on the expression signature of NETs-related genes. Differentially expressed
genes between clusters were identified through the utilization of the random forest and LASSO
algorithms. The NETs score model for LUAD prognosis was developed by multiplying the expression
levels of specific genes with their corresponding LASSO coefficients and then summing
them. The validity of the model was confirmed by analysis of the survival curves and
ROC curves. Additionally, immune infiltration, GSEA, mutation analysis, and drug analysis
were conducted. Silencing ABCC2 in A549 cells was achieved to investigate its effect.

Results:

We identified six novel NETs-related genes, namely UPK1B, SFTA3, GGTLC1,
SCGB3A1, ABCC2, and NTS, and developed a NETs score signature, which exhibited a significant
correlation with the clinicopathological and immune traits of the LUAD patients. High-risk
patients showed inhibition of immune-related processes. Mutation patterns exhibited variability
among the different groups. AZD3759, lapatinib, and dasatinib have been identified as potential
candidates for LUAD treatment. Moreover, the downregulation of ABCC2 resulted in the induction
of apoptosis and suppression of migration and invasion in A549 cells.

Conclusion:

Altogether, this study has identified a novel NET-score signature based on six
novel NET-related genes to predict the prognosis of LUAD and ABCC2 and has also explored
a new method for personalized chemo-/immuno-therapy of LUAD.
A Novel KIF4A-related Model for Predicting Immunotherapy Response and Prognosis in Kidney Renal Clear Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Yang Guang Hua , Ma Xu Dong , Wei Xi Feng , Liu Ran Lu , Wang Chao
Published: February 2024

Background:

The efficacy of chemotherapy in treating Kidney Renal Clear Cell Carcinoma
(KIRC) is limited, whereas immunotherapy has shown some promising clinical outcomes.
In this context, KIF4A is considered a potential therapeutic target for various cancers.
Therefore, identifying the mechanism of KIF4A that can predict the prognosis and immunotherapy
response of KIRC would be of significant importance.

Methods:

Based on the TCGA Pan-Cancer dataset, the prognostic significance of the KIF4A
expression across 33 cancer types was analyzed by univariate Cox algorithm. Furthermore,
overlapping differentially expressed genes (DEGs1) between the KIF4A high- and lowexpression
groups and DEGs2 between the KIRC and normal groups were also analyzed. Machine
learning and Cox regression algorithms were performed to obtain biomarkers and construct
a prognostic model. Finally, the role of KIF4A in KIRC was analyzed using quantitative
real-time PCR, transwell assay, and EdU experiment.

Results:

Our analysis revealed that KIF4A was significant for the prognosis of 13 cancer types.
The highest correlation with KIF4A was found for KICH among the tumour mutation burden
(TMB) indicators. Subsequently, a prognostic model developed with UBE2C, OTX1, PPP2R2C,
and RFLNA was obtained and verified with the Renal Cell Cancer-EU/FR dataset. There was a
positive correlation between risk score and immunotherapy. Furthermore, the experiment results
indicated that KIF4A expression was considerably increased in the KIRC group. Besides, the
proliferation, migration, and invasion abilities of KIRC tumor cells were significantly weakened
after KIF4A was knocked out.

Conclusion:

We identified four KIF4A-related biomarkers that hold potential for prognostic assessment
in KIRC. Specifically, early implementation of immunotherapy targeting these biomarkers
may yield improved outcomes for patients with KIRC.
Stabilizing Scaffold for Short Peptides Based on Knottins
Authors: Beloborodov Evgenii , Iurova Elena , Sugak Dmitrii , Rastorgueva Eugenia , Pogodina Evgeniya , Fomin Aleksandr , Viktorov Denis , Slesarev Sergei , Saenko Yury
Published: February 2024

Background:

Bombesin (BBN) is a short peptide with a high affinity for receptors that
are expressed on the surface of various types of cancer cells. However, a full length BBN
molecule has low in vivo stability.

Objective:

In our study, we propose the use of peptide toxins, derived from animal and plant
toxins, as scaffold molecules to enhance the bioavailability and stability of bombesin. These peptides
possess a unique structure known as an inhibitory cystine knot.

Methods:

We synthesized structures in which short bombesin was incorporated into various domains
of arthropod and plant toxins using solid-phase peptide synthesis. The stability under different
conditions was assessed through high-performance liquid chromatography, and binding to cell
cultures expressing the bombesin receptor was analyzed. Additionally, toxicity to cell cultures
was evaluated using fluorescence microscopy.

Results:

The data obtained demonstrated that placing the short peptide between the first and second
cysteine residues in arachnid toxins results in increased in vitro stability and bioavailability,
as well as low cytotoxicity.

Conclusion:

Arachnid toxins with an inhibitory cystine knot can be considered as a scaffold for increasing
the stability of therapeutic peptides.
Research on High-speed Electric Spindle Cooling Devices and Thermal Error Compensation Technology
Authors: Cheng Yaonan , Jin Shenhua , Zhou Shilong , Qiao Kezhi , Xue Jing
Published: February 2024

Background:

When computerized numerical control (CNC) machine tools are working,
the electric spindle generates serious heat, which can easily cause the thermal elongation of the spindle
and generate thermal errors. Designing cooling devices to control the generation of thermal errors
in the spindle and utilizing thermal error compensation techniques for error compensation are essential
for improving machining quality and productivity.

Objective:

By summarizing the current status of research on cooling devices and compensation technology
of electric spindles in recent years, some conclusions have been drawn in this work to propose
the future research direction.

Methods:

By reviewing patents on cooling devices and thermal error compensation technology of
high-speed electric spindles published in recent years, we have explored the ideas for the improvement
of existing cooling devices and compensation technology.

Results:

Some problems of the patents on current cooling devices and thermal error compensation
technology are analyzed, and future research directions are proposed, respectively.

Conclusion:

As spindle power and speed continue to increase, the existing spindle cooling device
and compensation technology also need to be continuously improved. Designers use intelligent technology
to monitor the temperature changes during the work of the spindle and fast and accurate control
of the cooling system so that the high-speed spindle cooling device tends to be intelligent. Aiming
at the thermal error generated in the spindle working process, the designer enhances the error
compensation effect by continuously improving and upgrading the key steps in the thermal error
compensation technology, which in turn improves the spindle machining accuracy.
Relationship of Self-perceived Stress and Expression of Salivary Cortisol in Relation to Gender and Academic Levels among Dental Students
Authors: AlSarhan Mohammed , AlJasser Reham , AlOraini Saleh , Alotaibi Dalal H , Alsinaidi Aljoharah Abdullah , Habib Syed Rashid
Published: February 2024

Purpose

Although cortisol is commonly regarded as the body's stress hormone, it also has a range of other effects on other biological functions. The aim of this prospective cohort's study was to examine the link between self-perceived stress and salivary cortisol expression in relation to gender and academic levels in a subgroup of dental students.

Material and Methods

151 students (79 males and 72 females) who provided written consent took part in this study. To explore the causes of self-perceived stress and divide the participants into Mild, Moderate, and High-stress categories, a self-administered stress questionnaire was employed. The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was utilized to quantify the level of cortisol present in saliva samples. Salivary cortisol levels, self-perceived stress, and demographic data, including age, gender, and educational attainment, were recorded for every participant. Chi-square and two-tailed Student's t-tests (0.05) were employed to analyze group comparisons.

Results

Female students responded more stressfully (P<0.05) to questions on decision-making issues, academic dishonesty, a hectic course load, a lack of downtime, the transition from the pre-clinic to the clinic, and the challenge of mastering fine manual dexterity. For male and female subjects, the mean & standard deviation of levels of cortisol were 1.54+0.41 and 1.28+0.45, respectively (p=0.000). At preclinical and clinical levels, the mean & standard deviation of levels of cortisol were 1.48+0.44 and 1.37+0.45, respectively (P=0.150).

Conclusion

Female students appeared to have a higher self-assessed stress level. Male students had significantly higher levels of salivary cortisol in comparison to female students. No significant differences were found for the levels of salivary cortisol at the preclinical and clinical academic levels.
Investigating the Relationship Between COVID-19 Stress in Pregnant Women and Mode of Delivery, APGAR Score, and Anthropometric Indices of Newborns
Authors: Nahidi Mahsa , Sinaei Masoumeh , Mask Mahin Kiyani , Saberi Maryam , Kavoosi Jalal , Moradi Marjan , Raesi Rasoul
Published: February 2024

Background

The COVID-19 pandemic led to a wave of anxiety and stress in all segments of society, especially among pregnant women. Stress poses a significant health concern for pregnant women, potentially impacting maternal and fetal well-being.

Aim

This study aims to explore the relationship between COVID-19 stress in pregnant women and the mode of delivery, APGAR score, and anthropometric indices of newborns.

Methods

A cross-sectional study was conducted in 2021, employing a survey method on 195 pregnant women who sought delivery at 22 Bahman Hospital in Khaf. Data collection involved the use of the standard COVID Stress Scale (CSS). SPSS-22 software was utilized for the analysis, employing Pearson correlation coefficient and multiple linear regression tests at a significance level of 0.05.

Results

Pregnant women who underwent cesarean sections exhibited significantly higher levels of COVID-19-related stress compared to those who had natural deliveries (p<0.001). A significant negative correlation was observed between the APGAR scores in the first and fifth minutes and the anthropometric indices (weight, length, and head circumference) of newborns concerning COVID-19 stress (p<0.001). Moreover, maternal stress emerged as a predictor for the type of delivery, APGAR scores, length, and head circumference of newborns (p<0.001).

Conclusion

The study underscores the adverse impact of COVID-19 stress on maternal pregnancy outcomes, particularly leading to elevated cesarean section rates. The substantial influence of this stress on the APGAR score and anthropometric indices of newborns highlights the significance of implementing screening, counseling, and stress reduction education for pregnant women during the COVID-19 pandemic and beyond.
On the impact of modern technologies on the operation of certain principles of administrative proceedings
Authors:   Igor N. Ivanenko Kuban State University, Ivanenko Igor N. , Mitashova Anastasia A. ,   Anastasia A. Mitashova
Published: February 2024

Двадцать первый век – век информационный, где любая сфера жизни и деятельности человека развивается с «сумасшедшей» быстротой. Перемены в социальной, политической, экономической и иных жизненных аспектах влекут необходимость внедрения определенных новшеств. В данной статье раскрывается сущность таких понятий как «видеоконференц-связь» и «веб-конференция», применяемые судами общей юрисдикции в административном судопроизводстве. Излагаются основные причины появления указанных систем в административном судопроизводстве. Приводятся основные различия в системах видео-конференц-связи и веб-конференции, раскрыты основные условия, при которых возможно применение и использование указанных форматов. Выявляются основные преимущества и недостатки системы видео-конференц-связи и системы веб-конференции. Проанализировано влияние видеоконференц-связи и веб-конференции на действие некоторых принципов административного судопроизводства (принципы гласности, состязательности, непосредственности).
Features of qualification and investigation of illegal influence on the result of an official sports competition
Authors:   Alina S. Vinichenko Kuban State Agrarian University named after I.T. Trubilin, Vinichenko Alina S. , Naryshkina Anna V. ,   Anna V. Naryshkina Kuban State Agrarian University named after I.T. Trubilin, Vlezko Dmitry A. ,   Dmitry A. Vlezko Kuban State Agrarian University named after I.T. Trubilin
Published: February 2024

В настоящей научной статье исследованы теоретические и практические аспекты квалификации и расследования оказания противоправного влияния на исход официального спортивного соревнования. Был произведен детальный уголовно-правовой анализ указанного состава преступления, в том числе проблемы квалификации преступлений, предусмотренных статьями 184 и 204 УК РФ. Также рассмотрены и проанализированы мнения отечественных специалистов о необходимости декриминализации настоящего преступного деяния. В процессе исследования выявлены практические проблемы расследования оказания противоправного влияния на исход официального спортивного соревнования, предложены меры по их возможному разрешению.
Legal protection of personal data of universities
Authors:   Ruslan A. Abdusalamov Daghestan State University, Abdusalamov Ruslan A.
Published: February 2024

Статья посвящена рассмотрению вопросов, связанных с правовой охраной персональных данных субъектов высших учебных заведений. Автор исследует правовое регулирование и общее определение такой дефиниции как «персональные данные», а также в сравнительно-правовом аспекте анализирует его через призму отношений в сфере образования. С учетом этого выявляются пробелы в специальном правовом регулировании правовой охраны персональных данных участников образовательного процесса. Особый акцент делается на современных проблемах правовой охраной персональных данных вузов с учетом использования информационных технологий в сфере высшего образования (например, в социальных сетях, облачных портфолио и др.). В данной связи обозначаются проблемы правового, организационного и технического характера. Для формулирования предложений по совершенствованию действующего законодательства автор обращается к международному правовому регулированию персональных данных в цифровом пространстве. С учетом комплексного анализа проблем правовой охраны персональных данных вузов, предлагаются в систематизированном виде наиболее актуальные направления совершенствования действующего законодательства по вопросам темы исследования. Представляется, что сделанные выводы и сформулированные предложения обладают особой теоретической и практической значимостью, а также научной новизной, и могут быть взяты за основу в практической и законотворческой деятельности (в рамках законопроектов, направленных на урегулирование правовой охраны персональных данных высших учебных заведений).
Zyryansky custom law world in the scientific works of P.A. Sorokin
Authors:   Olga A. Plotskaya Plekhanov Russian University of Economics, Institute of Management Technologies of Federal State ", Plotskaya Olga A. ,   MIREA - Russian Technological University", Sokolskaya Lyudmila V. ,   Lyudmila V. Sokolskaya State Humanitarian-Technological University
Published: February 2024

Авторы статьи исследуют научные труды известного российско-американского социолога и культуролога Питирима Александровича Сорокина (1889–1968), в которых представлен зырянский обычно-правовой мир. В первой четверти ХХ столетия П. А. Сорокин жил и работал в Коми крае и хорошо знал быт коренных народов, т.к. постепенно познавал зырянские обычно-правовые императивы с самого раннего детства. Авторы статьи подчеркивают, что именно здесь, в конце XIX - начале XX веков происходило становление будущих социологических взглядов Питирима Александровича. Осуществляя историко-этнографические и социологические исследования, посвящённые различным формам социального поведения зырян и других финно-угров, П.А. Сорокин оценивал их исходя из моральнонравственных, обычно-правовых воззрений, сформированных у них еще в раннем детстве. Его работам свойственна метапредметная связь, так как он сумел синкретизировать различные юридические науки с историческими, а также этнологию с психологическими, социологическими науками, как между собой, так и с зырянским обычным правом. Во многих его исследованиях, особенно ранних, фиксировалось зырянское миропонимание, отражались обычно-правовые принципы, соционормативные императивы, характерные для мировоззрения и правовой культуры коми народа. Изучая обычно-правовые формы брака у зырян и других финно-угров, обычно-правовые характеристики наследственных отношений, родовых знаков собственности, субъектный состав уголовных деяний П.А. Сорокин выявлял не только их особенности, но и психическую составляющую поведения субъекта правовых отношений.
Problems of financial and legal regulation of investment activity in the Republic of Dagestan
Authors:   Aminat Z. Arslanbekova Dagestan State University, Arslanbekova Aminat Z. , Kazbekova N. V. ,   N. V. Kazbekova Dagestan State University
Published: February 2024

В статье проведён анализ регионального законодательства, регулирующего инвестиционную деятельность в Республике Дагестан. Выделены основные направления развития налогового стимулирования в сфере инвестиционной деятельности субъекта. Сделан вывод о том, что в Республике Дагестан создано достаточно прогрессивное правовое регулирование инвестиционной деятельности, а также законодательная база, направленная на привлечение частных инвесторов в республику.
Features of the administrative and legal status of foreign agents in the Russian Federation
Authors:   Renat L. Miftakhov Kazan branch of the Russian State University of Justice, Miftakhov Renat L. , Belousov Artem I. ,   Artem I. Belousov Kazan branch of the Russian State University of Justice
Published: February 2024

Сложившаяся геополитическая обстановка в мире, появление новых угроз национальной безопасности и суверенитету, вызванных посредством иностранного вмешательства во внутренние дела Российской Федерации, вызывают существенный теоретический и практический интерес к вопросу административно-правового статуса иностранных агентов (далее – иноагентов), так как без надлежащего регулирования деятельности иноагентов национальные интересы, суверенитет, территориальная целостность Российской Федерации могут оказаться под серьезной угрозой иностранного вмешательства. Цель исследования заключается в проведении комплексного анализа теоретико-правовых основ административно-правового регулирования деятельности лиц, находящихся под иностранным влиянием, и в разработке практических рекомендаций по его совершенствованию. Методологическую основу статьи составляют общенаучные методы (диалектический, системный, исторический) и частные (формальнологический, функциональный) методы исследования. Феномен «иностранных агентов» вследствие особого статуса лиц, находящихся под иностранным влиянием, стал новым административным институтом в правовой системе России. В статье исследуется история возникновения вопроса, проводится анализ нормативного регулирования отдельных элементов административно-правового статуса иностранных агентов. На основе проведенного анализа авторы вносят практические предложения по совершенствованию административно-правового регулирования деятельности иноагентов, а также обосновывают выводы о значении и цели особого административно-правового статуса иноагентов в Российской Федерации.
Crisis in EU decision-making in the field of common foreign and security policy as a prerequisite for its collapse
Authors:   Akhmed M. Ibragimov Dagestan State University, Ibragimov Akhmed M.
Published: February 2024

Выработка решений ЕС в области общей внешней политики и политики безопасности оказалась ныне во власти кризиса. В данной статье сделан вывод о том, что это есть свидетельство сложившейся предпосылки распада Европейского союза. В статье показано, что к такому разрушительному повороту ситуации ведет намерение властей Союза отказаться от принципа единогласия при принятии внешнеполитических решений и решений в сфере политики безопасности. Однако решение, основанное на таком намерении, не найдет поддержки, так как одно из государств объединения непременно наложит на него вето.
Some aspects of the relationship between society and the state at the present stage
Authors:   A.M. Drozdova North Caucasus Federal University, Drozdova A.M.
Published: February 2024

В статье исследуются вопросы соотношения и взаимодействия общества и государства. Сделана попытка сравнения характеристик общества и государства. Проанализирована ситуация реальной жизни, когда государство осуществляет реальное воздействие на общество при том, что общество оказывает определяющее влияние на государство. Современной проблемой является тот факт, что при условии постоянно ускоряющейся цифровизации всех сфер жизни общества, государства и каждого человека надо уметь справляться с постоянно возникающими проблемами обеспечения прав личности. Делается вывод о том, что цифровая правовая культура и граждан, и государства, и общества оставляют желать лучшего, а вопрос правовой ответственности большинства участников названного сектора отношений находится за пределами нравственности, права и закона.
Challenges faced by educators in the implementation of Flipped Classroom
Authors: Radza Rubini
Published: February 2024

This study intends to provide a review on the challenges faced by educators in the implementation of flipped classroom and ways to overcome the challenges. This review paper was written based on interpretations done on previous literature covering multiple aspects in the field such as roles or ability of teacher, students and area of study. Mainly, it focuses on the limitations in terms of time management, technological necessity and facilities, heavy demand on teacher functionality, interests and involvement of students which are handled by the teachers. This paper determines the existing demands of this approach and suggests the measures to be taken by the educators who are enthralled to embrace and practice this concept in classroom in the time that is to come. In general, this article provides essential information about the nature and difficulties to implement the flipped classroom approach, its limitations, the extent of expectations on teachers and some useful suggestions to overcome the issues.
“Being with” or Salesian Assistance in the Digital Age
Authors: Vodičar Janez
Published: February 2024

St. John Bosco demonstrated his teaching method most clearly in a letter from Rome in 1884, in which he established the loving presence of the educator as the foundation of Salesian pedagogy. In the long and varied pedagogical practice of the Salesians, the so-called assistance played an essential role in the visibility of a specific educational model. In a modern society of individualism, assistance is often understood as control. In this context, the emphasis on freedom of conscience makes it particularly difficult to find a presence that wants to share and transmit Christianity. In this article, we highlight the difficulties that such an understanding poses for the entire field of education today. Especially in the age of digitalization, when young people are increasingly chained to their electronic devices and less and less capable of having genuine relationships, this loving presence of which Don Bosco writes is all the more necessary. Using the concrete example of a Salesian educational institution, we show that such a pedagogical orientation is not only an option, but that assistance with the traits of Christianity in practice can be effectively used to work with young people even in the digital age.
Exploring TikTok Mental Health Content in Current Literature: A Scoping Review (Preprint)
Authors: Wan Mustafa Wan Muhamad Kamarul Izzat , Subramaniam Ponnusamy , Amit Noh , Shafik Nadrah
Published: February 2024

BACKGROUND

The rise of social media platforms has introduced novel avenues for individuals to express and share their experiences, including those related to mental health. Among these platforms, TikTok has emerged as a popular medium for content creation and dissemination. However, studies have revealed concerns regarding the accuracy and quality of content information alongside users’ tendency to self-diagnose mental health issues.

OBJECTIVE

This scoping review aimed to provide an overview of the current literature exploring TikTok's mental health content. Specifically, we pursued 3 objectives: (1) identify TikTok mental health topics explored in current literature; (2) research methods employed; and (3) gaps and areas for further research.

METHODS

A systematic search of electronic databases involving SCOPUS, ScienceDirect, PubMed, and Web of Science were conducted to identify relevant studies published within 2019-2023. Subsequently, a Google Scholar search was conducted as a secondary database to identify relevant additional studies. This review was guided by Arksey and O’Malley’s methodological framework for scoping review. Results were reported based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR).

RESULTS

Out of 7,919 articles, 18 were included in this review consisting of 16 primary studies, 1 systematic review study, and 1 preliminary study. Most of the studies identified from database search were excluded as they did not explore mental health content on TikTok. Topics explored in reviewed studies were mainly general mental health content (n=5), followed by eating disorders (n=3), dementia (n=2), anxiety (n=2), and ADHD (n=2). Some studies explored specific topics such psychiatric hospitalization experiences (n=1), substance abuse (n=1), autism (n=1), and common mental illnesses (n=1). 17 studies were cross-sectional except for 1 that conducted an intervention study. Common research design used was content analysis (n=9) followed by thematic analysis (n=3). Other designs identified were discourse analysis (n=1), online ethnography (n=1), within-subject field experiment (n=1), semi-structured interview (n=1), and survey (n=1).

CONCLUSIONS

It is evident that there remains a notable gap in comprehensive research in this burgeoning field. The limited number of identified studies underscores the need for further exploration and investigation. Critical aspects, such as the long-term effects of exposure to mental health content on TikTok, the platform's role in shaping attitudes toward mental health and its treatment, and the diversity of perspectives within the user community warrant further exploration.