bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Three-hour post-ERCP amylase level: a useful indicator for early prediction of PEP
Authors: Lv Ze-Hui , Kou Da-Qing , Guo Shi-Bin
Published: August 2019

Background : To evaluate the value of the 3-hour post-ERCP serum amylase level for early prediction of post-ERCP pancreatitis (PEP).
Method:
A study of 206 patients performed ERCP at a single centre was collected from 2011 to 2016. The serum amylase or lipase level was measured at 3 h after ERCP. The patients with PEP were recorded. ROC curves were used to statistically analyze the data: The enrolled patients were divided into two groups according to gender, then be analyzed respectively. We comprehensively evaluated the predictive value of PEP by serum amylase level 3-hour post-ERCP based on the results above.

Results : In the 206 patients, the 3-hour post-ERCP pancreatic amylase level was used as the test variable, and the PEP occurrence as the state variable to plot the ROC curve. The optimal cut-off value was 351U/L (sensitivity 76.19%, specificity 83.24%, positive likelihood ratio 4.55, negative likelihood ratio 0.29, Youden index 59.43%). There were 83 patients with both 3-hour post-ERCP amylase level and lipase level detected. The area under the ROC curve for the 3-hour post-ERCP serum amylase was 0.780, and the 95% confidence interval was 0.676-0.864. The optimal cut-off is 380U/L, and there was no statistically significant difference between the two for diagnostic accuracy. According to gender, there was no statistically significant difference in the diagnostic accuracy of the two groups. In the male group, 436 U/L serum amylase provided the greatest diagnostic accuracy with sensitivity(SE) of 70.5%, specificity(SP) of 89.2%, positive predictive value (PPV) 87.5%, and negative predictive value (NPV) 78.1%. Whereas, in the female group, 357U/L serum amylase provided the greatest diagnostic accuracy with sensitivity of 76.9%, specificity of 81.2%, positive predictive value of 80.4%, negative predictive value of 77.9%.

Conclusions: 1. The 3-hour post-ERCP serum amylase level is a useful measurement for predicting post-ERCP pancreatitis. 2. There was no significant difference between serum amylase and lipase 3-hour post-ERCP for predicting PEP. 3. There was no statistically significant difference between male and female using the 3-hour post-ERCP serum amylase level to prediction PEP . For female, the optimal cut-off value was 357 U/L, whereas male 436U/L .
Roles and Expectations of Male Partners from PMTCT services in Chiradzulu Malawi: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Kansinjiro Beatrice M'baya , Nyondo-Mipando Alinane Linda
Published: August 2019

Background: Prevention of mother to child transmission of HIV (PMTCT) is the main measure for curbing HIV infection in children. Male involvement (MI) greatly influences uptake and adherence to PMTCT services yet the level remain low in Sub Saharan Africa. Lack of well stipulated roles for men in PMTCT is one of the main barriers to MI. Studies on MI have focused on women and Health care workers (HCW), thereby making men silent partners. The main aim of the study was to explore the roles and expectations of male partners in PMTCT services in Malawi. Methods: This was a descriptive qualitative study that involved men whose partners were either pregnant or breastfeeding a child, health care workers working in PMTCT services for over six months and traditional leaders. We conducted 9 in-depth interviews and 12 key informant interviews from January to March 2018. All interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed and translated. Thematic analysis was employed to analyze data. Results: Male partners play supportive, HIV prevention behaviour change and decision-making roles in PMTCT services. Health assessment and health promotion activities are the male specific services required in PMTCT services and these should be delivered at both health facility and community levels. Conclusion : Male partners in PMTCT have expectations that need to be met at both health facility and community levels. There is need to have male-tailored package of health services that are directly provided to men along with PMTCT services at different levels in order to promote MI. The services should be provided in an atmosphere that allows and accepts male partners to exercise their roles in PMTCT services.
Efficiency of Iranian Hospitals before and after Health Sector Evolution Plan: A systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Study
Authors: Amini Saeed , Matin Behzad Karami , Anbari Zohreh , Nazari Javad , Salimi Yahya , Amiresmaili Mohammadreza , Karyani Ali Kazemi
Published: August 2019

Background Aging, chronic diseases, development of expensive and advanced technologies has increased hospitals costs which have necessitated their efficiency in utilization of resources. This systematic review and meta-analysis study has assessed the efficiency of Iran hospitals before and after 2011 Health Sector Evolution Plan (HSEP). Methods Internal and external databases were searched using specified keywords without considering time limitations. The retrieved articles were entered to EndNote considering inclusion and exclusion criteria and the final analysis was performed after removing duplicates. Heterogeneity between the studies was assessed using Q and I2 tests. Forest plot with 95% Confidence Interval (CI) used to calculate different types of efficiency. The data were analyzed using STATA 14. Results Random pooled estimation of hospitals technical, managerial and scale efficiencies were 0.84 (95%CI = 0.78, 0.52), 0.9 (95% CI= 0.85,0.94) and 0.88 (95%CI= 0.84, 0.91), respectively. Sub-group analysis on the basis of study year (before and after HSEP in 2011) indicated that random pool estimation of technical (0.86), managerial (0.91) and scale (0.90) efficiencies of Iran hospitals for 2011 and before were better than technical (0.78), managerial (0.86) and scale (0.74) efficiencies after 2011. Conclusion Type of hospitals’ ownership was effective on hospitals efficiency. However, HSEP has not improved hospitals efficiency, so that it is necessary to future national plans consider all aspects.
Serum Albumin and Activities of Daily Living in Chinese Centenarians: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Han Ke , Wang Shengshu , Jia Wangping , Cao Wenzhe , Liu Miao , Yang Shanshan , Wang Jianhua , He Yao
Published: August 2019

Background Objective deterioration in activities of daily living (ADL) exists in older people, particularly grows with age. While as the criterion standard of positive aging and longevity, little information that focuses on centenarians is available. The objective of this study is to examine the relationship between serum albumin and activities of daily living among centenarians in long-lived areas.Methods design—population-based cross-sectional study; setting—a complete sample study in Hainan, the longest-lived areas of China; subjects—Chinese older adults aged 100 and above (N=1002); measurements—serum albumin, basic and instrumental activities of daily living (BADL and IADL).Results Of 1002 participants included in the analysis 287(28.64%) were BADL disability, and 648(64.67%) were IADL disability. The median serum albumin level was 38.5 g/L (interquartile range, 36.2-41.3). In multivariable analyses controlling for socio-demographic characteristics, lifestyle characteristics and other influential factors, low albumin in the bottom quartile were associated with BADL disability (OR=5.994;95% CI: 3.542-10.143) and IADL disability (OR=4.398; 95% CI, 2.661-7.269). Serum albumin concentration showed a significant inverse linear relationship with ADL disability (P for trend <0.001). In sex-stratified analyses, the association was more pronounced in women. And we found a nonlinear relationship between serum albumin and IADL disability in female centenarians (P=0.025) from restricted cubic splines.Conclusions Low levels of albumin were associated with the decline in ADL function in centenarians, and this association was gender-specific and more prominent in the female.
Immunosenescence profile and expression of the aging biomarker (p16INK4a) in testicular cancer survivors treated with chemotherapy.
Authors: Bourlon Maria Teresa , Velazquez Hugo E , Hinojosa Juan , Orozco Luis , Rios-Corzo Ricardo , Lima Guadalupe , Llorente Luis , Hernandez-Ramirez Diego F , Valentin-Cortez Francisco J , Medina-Rangel Irene , Atisha-Fregoso Yemil
Published: August 2019

Background Cytotoxic chemotherapy can cure advanced germ cell tumors. Nevertheless, cancer treatment may induce cellular senescence and accelerate molecular aging. The aging process implies an increase of cells expressing p16 INK4a and changes in lymphocyte subpopulations. Our aim was to study the potential induction of premature immunosenescence in testicular cancer survivors (TCS) exposed to chemotherapy. Patients and methods Case-control study of TCS treated with chemotherapy (≥3 BEP cycles, disease-free ≥3 months) compared with healthy controls. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were isolated, and lymphocyte subpopulations were analyzed by flow cytometry. p16 INK4a expression in T cells was measured using qPCR. Percentage of lymphocyte subpopulations associated with immunosenescence and p16 INK4a expression in TCS compared to controls using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test. Results We included 16 cases and 16 controls. The median of age was 27 years (24-54) and median time on surveillance was 26.5 months (3-192). TCS had a lower percentage of total T cells and CD4+ T cells in total lymphocytes. Among the CD4+ T lymphocytes, TCS had a lower naïve CD4+ and an increased memory CD4+ cells. Within the CD8+ T lymphocytes, TCS exhibited a decrease in the percentage of naïve cells and an increase in CD8+CD45RA+CD57+ cells. TCS also exhibited a decreased memory CD19+ B cells compared to the controls. The relative expression of p16 INK4a in T cells was higher in TCS compared to the controls [1.33 (IQR 0.93-2.23): p=0.048). Conclusion TCS showed an increase in the expression of the aging biomarker p16 INK4a and a lymphocyte phenotype associated with immunosenescence; characterized by a decrease in naïve cells, and concomitant increment of memory cells. This phenomenon might contribute to the development of an immune risk profile, which is associated with an increased rate of infections and a diminished effect of vaccination in the elderly population. Further studies are warranted to define the clinical implications of this alteration in TCS.
The metastasis of the internal mammary lymph node-a neglected strategic high point of radiotherapy for breast cancer
Authors: Li Li , Zhang Hongyan , Wang Linwei , xie Conghua , Zhou Yunfeng , Zhong Yahua
Published: August 2019

Background : To investigate the metastatic rate of internal mammary lymph nodes (IMNs) and to provide recommendations on target volume delineation of IMNs for adjuvant radiotherapy of breast cancer patients. Methods : We retrospectively analyzed 114 breast cancer patients treated only by surgery without adjuvant radiotherapy who developed local and/or regional lymph node recurrence/metastasis in our institute from January 2015 to January 2019, and patients with widely lung or pleural metastases were excluded. We first analyzed the recurrence rate of the chest wall, the metastatic rate of internal mammary/anterior mediastinal, ipsilateral axillary and supraclavicular lymph nodes, and then investigated distribution of the IMNs. Results : Among all of these 114 patients, the recurrence rate of chest wall, the metastatic rate of IMNs, the IMNs/anterior mediastinal lymph nodes, the ipsilateral axillary lymph nodes, and the ipsilateral supraclavicular lymph nodes were 43%, 37.7%, 59.6%, 12.3% and 22.8%, respectively. The metastatic IMNs were mainly located from the first to the second intercostal space. However, metastatic lymph nodes could also be observed above the upper edge of the first rib. Conclusions : The metastatic rate is high in the IMNs and irradiation of the internal mammary lymphatic chain is indispensable. It is suggested that the upper bound of the internal mammary lymphatic chain should be up to the subclavian vein with 5 mm margin, thus connecting to the caudal border of supraclavicular CTV(Clinical Target Volume)in breast cancer patients with high risk of recurrence.
Predictive factors for the presence of invasive components in patients diagnosed with ductal carcinoma in situ based on preoperative biopsy
Authors: Lee Kwan Ho , Han Jung Woo , Kim Eun Young , Yun Ji Sup , Park Yong Lai , Park Chan Heun
Published: August 2019

Background

In patients diagnosed with ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) with needle biopsy before surgery, invasive component (IC) is often found in the postoperative tissue, which results in altered post-surgical care. However, there are no clinically available factors to predict IC, and few MRI studies are available for the detection of IC in DCIS patients.Methods

Patients with a DCIS diagnosis based on preoperative biopsy, who underwent breast surgery Kangbuk Samsung Hospital between Jan 2005 and June 2018, were retrospectively evaluated. Clinico-pathological and breast MRI factors were compared between DCIS and DCIS with IC in postsurgical specimens.Results

Of the 431 patients with a preoperative diagnosis of DCIS, 34 (7.9%) showed IC during the postoperative pathological investigations, and 217 (50.3%) underwent breast MRI. Among MRI-related factors, Mass-like enhancement on MRI was the sole but significant predictor of IC (HR=0.26, C.I.=0.07-0.93, p=0.038), while nipple-areolar complex invasion, enhancement peak and pattern were not statistically significant. Nuclear grade was the only significant predictor of IC in the analysis of other clinico-pathological factors (HR=2.39, C.I.=1.05-5.42, p=0.038 in univariate analysis, HR=2.86, C.I.=1.14-7.14, p=0.025 in multivariate analysis).Conclusions

Mass-like enhancement on MRI and high nuclear grade were associated with IC in patients with preoperative diagnosis of DCIS. Considering the high sensitivity of breast MRI for IC, further evaluation of the predictive value of MRI in preoperative DCIS patients is desirable.
PENGARUH PERBEDAAN AGAMA DAN ETNIS MASYARAKAT DALAM PELAKSANAAN PEKERJAAN SOSIAL
Authors: Syauqani Syauqani
Published: August 2019

Religion has delivered multiple ways of life of different societies.Ethnically, religion develops distinguished identity that emerges fromsocial monopoly and internal tension of societies. Ethnic identity thancomes to the fore forming ethnic ways of life, thus every social behaviorreflects ethnic identity of a certain group. Thus, it is essential for socialworkers to develop social intervention within specific socialenvironment. Social workers begs to help individuals, social groups andsocieties to improve their social conditions and to create social conduciveenvironment for the society to empower themselves in order to reachtheir common goals.Keyword: Diversity, Religion, Ethnicity, Society and Social Work Masyarakat mempunyai kebutuhan â€“ kebutuhan tertentu untuk kelangsungan hidup, dan agama berfungsiÂ  memenuhi sebagaian di anatara kebutuhan kebutuhan seperti interkasi sosial, kelas kehidupan, dan budaya. Setiap agama mengandung suatu ajaran moral yang menjadi pegangan bagi prilaku para penganutnya. Secara umum ajaran moral yang terkandung dalam suatu Agama dapat digolongkan menjadi kepentingnya menyangkut orang banyak yang bukan menyangkun seiman. Agama bisa dikatakan yang melahirkan berbagai macam entis atau cara kebiasaan masyarakat yang diidentikkan dengan kelompok â€“ kelompok memiliki corak krakteristik yang berbeda beda. identitas pembeda yang terjadi antara kelompok etnis yang dapat dilakukan melalui terpaan monopolitstik sosial dan internal kelompok etnis melalui keragaman bentuk etnis dari organisasi sosial. Untuk mempertegas tentang etnis dan relasi antaretnis yakni setiap tindakan sosial tidak luput dari tindakan yang bernuansa etnisitas. Pengertian etnis atau suku adalah suatu kesatuan sosial atau lingkungan masyarakat. pekerjaan sosial melakukan intervensi pada titik di mana orang berinteraksi dengan lingkungannya. pekerjaan sosial merupakan sebuah aktivitas profesional dalam menolong individu, kelompok, dan masyarakat dalam meningkatkan atau memperbaiki kapasitas mereka agar berfungsi sosial dan untuk menciptakan kondisi â€“ kondisi masyarakat yang kondusif dalam mencapai tujuan bersama. Kata kunci: Keberagaman, Agama, Etnis, Masyarakat, dan Pekerjaan Sosial
OS JOVENS E A VIOLÊNCIA DE GÊNERO: O QUE DIZEM @S DOCENTES
Authors: Maciel Patrícia Daniela , Ribeiro Gabriela Chicuta , Rodrigues David , Saldanha Isabelle Reganhã
Published: August 2019

Este artigo reúne reflexões de docentes a respeito da relação entre a violência de gênero e os jovens da educação básica. É um trabalho resultante de um projeto de pesquisa intitulado “Abjeções e subversões na Educação: os discursos de gênero dos docentes realizados no IFPR, Campus Colombo-PR. O objetivo é apresentar uma análise das narrativas de sete professores do Ensino Médio que atuam na rede pública de ensino onde o estudo foi realizado, enfatizando como a violência de gênero tem ocupado as escolas e como eles subvertem as práticas sexistas e discriminatórias. Tem-se como base os Estudos Feministas, de Gênero e da Teoria Queer. Para os professores pesquisados a escola é lugar de violência em relação ao gênero, verbal e física, principalmente, a partir das falas machistas e homofóbicas dos estudantes e das práticas de desmerecimento e assédio sexual contra as meninas. Para os professores há “um combo de preconceitos” na sala de aula que envolve, por exemplo, o gênero e o racismo. Como mecanismos de enfrentamento e regulação há, por parte deles, uma produção discursiva de temas como a violência contra a mulher, naturalização das identidades sexuais, machismo e preconceito contra homossexuais que acabam constituindo algumas práticas de defesa dos direitos humanos no espaço escolar.
Juventude e as novas tecnologias: problematizações acerca da escola contemporânea
Authors: Paixão Sergio Vale da
Published: August 2019

O presente artigo tem como objetivo problematizar o papel da escola contemporânea e suas práticas de ensino considerando o atual e avançado contexto tecnológico em que os(as) jovens se encontram inseridos(as). Nossa consideração é de que sejam necessárias ressignificações na estrutura da escola bem como das práticas profissionais que levem em consideração o papel dos(as) estudantes(as) jovens produtores(as) de culturas e que, imersos(as) em suas produções culturais  exigem da escola novas formas de ensinar e aprender. Para isso, acreditamos ser muito importante conceituar os termos adolescência e juventude para esclarecer sobre qual público nos interessa nessa proposta. Sendo assim, procuramos nos ancorar no conceito de juventude e de jovem para fortalecer nossa inclinação epistemológica e problematizar o ensino que acontece para esse público nas instituições escolares.
A ESTIMULAÇÃO DA FALA NO DESENVOLVIMENTO DAS COMPETÊNCIAS COGNITIVAS E COMUNICATIVAS DA CRIANÇA
Authors: Linard Arnaldo Mecias , Silva Loiva das Graças Soares , Gonçalves Francisca Valda , Batista Eraldo Carlos
Published: August 2019

Este artigo faz uma análise reflexiva sobre a importância da estimulação da fala para o desenvolvimento das competências cognitivas e comunicativas da criança. O estudo foi realizado a partir de pesquisa Bibliográfica a fim de fundamentar o assunto pesquisado. No cotidiano familiar bem como nas escolas, algumas crianças recebem poucos recursos que estimulem o desenvolvimento da linguagem, fator que interfere diretamente na construção socioeducacional. Sendo assim, faz-se necessário atenção especial às crianças durante todo o período de aquisição da linguagem, a fim de detectar logo cedo possíveis problemas que venham a interferir em seu processo de aprendizagem.
FAMÍLIA E INFÂNCIA DA ANTIGUIDADE À CONTEMPORANEIDADE: CONSIDERAÇÕES ACERCA DA GUARDA COMPARTILHADA NA PERSPECTIVA PSICANALÍTICA
Authors: Fernandes Cleonice Terezinha , Marcondes Jeisa Fernandes , Silva Veline Simioni , Coenga Rosemar Eurico
Published: August 2019

A lei da Guarda Compartilhada é fruto das configurações familiares da atualidade. Ela traduz a mudança histórico-social na constituição da família. Este artigo apresenta um resgate histórico da família e da infância, situando as modificações em sua estruturação ao longo do tempo, partindo da Antiguidade até o século XX. O estudo elucida também como a Psicanálise situa as funções materna e paterna e sua importância na estrutura psíquica da criança; e discute a maternidade e a paternidade na contemporaneidade e como a ressignificação desses lugares incitou mudanças na lei jurídica quanto à guarda da criança e do adolescente em casos de separação conjugal: a Lei 11.698/08 alterada em 2014 pela Lei 13.058, quando nesta última a modalidade passa a ser regra e não exceção. Na Lei de 2014 passa a ser previsto que na ausência de acordo, será aplicada a guarda compartilhada, sempre que for possível. A impossibilidade referida é considerada em caso extremo de agressão, abuso e similares. Pretende-se, assim, na presente pesquisa, contribuir com a ampliação das discussões a respeito, já que na clínica dos consultórios e das instituições é frequente o atendimento a pais, mães e crianças que vivenciam um processo de separação e de decisão da guarda, cada dia em números mais crescentes.
DESIGN E SUSTENTABILIDADE: nexo histórico e categorias de abordagem
Authors: Mangini Claudio Luiz , Belusso Diane
Published: August 2019

O presente artigo consiste numa pesquisa bibliográfica, e é parte dos resultados do projeto em andamento, em nível de mestrado acadêmico, intitulado “Design e Sustentabilidade: uma história de conflito e confluência”. A periodização dos movimentos do Design, desde o seu estabelecimento como uma atividade profissional, ao ser relacionado à sustentabilidade, passa pela importância da técnica, pelo despertar para a finitude dos recursos naturais e pela globalização como atual etapa do capitalismo. Por meio deste raciocínio, objetivou-se fazer um levantamento de dados a fim de compreender o nexo histórico entre estes dois campos de estudo, destacando alguns dos principais movimentos históricos ligados ao Design e suas relações com os pilares do desenvolvimento sustentável, reconhecendo fatos e autores como relevantes à era da Sustentabilidade, comenfoque no design clássico e sua importância relacionada à sustentabilidade, e verificando as possíveis interferências do Design em favor do meio ambiente. Os resultados apontam as tendências dos pensadores do design, influenciados pelas demandas da atividade industrial e pelas discussões globais sobre a degradação ambiental; e categorizam as possíveis influências do design dentro da atual fase do pensamento acerca do Desenvolvimento Sustentável. O processo de produção do design, neste caso, também é um processo de produção e de reprodução das relações sociais: é uma questão técnica, econômica e política.
ESCRITA/REESCRITA ACADÊMICA NO ENSINO SUPERIOR: UM PROCESSO EM CONSTRUÇÃO PERMANENTE
Authors: Stockmanns Jussara Isabel
Published: August 2019

A qualidade da produção dos textos acadêmicos de instituições de ensino superior é algo que preocupa docentes e discentes. Sabe-se que para que os textos resultem satisfatórios é necessário um longo processo de construção. Considerando a realidade de estudantes do IFPR Campus Palmas e suas necessidades, desenvolveu-se o projeto de extensão “Escrita/Reescrita acadêmica no Ensino Superior: um processo em construção permanente”, que tem por objetivo qualificar as produções escritas de trabalhos técnico-científicos dos estudantes da referida instituição de ensino. Para tanto, realizou-se uma sondagem sobre os conhecimentos prévios dos ingressantes no que tange às normas técnicas de elaboração de trabalhos acadêmicos, dando-se ênfase nas normas estabelecidas pela Associação Brasileira de Normas Técnicas (ABNT) e realizou-se reflexões sobre alguns questionamentos: Quais são as condições ofertadas para a efetivação de produções de cunho acadêmico na instituição? Quais critérios são considerados para sua elaboração e avaliação? Que tipo de orientações os estudantes recebem para uma escrita adequada ao meio em que se inserem? Esse conjunto de perguntas motivaram membros do Colegiado de Letras ao desafio de propor práticas de escrita e reescrita de textos com um grupo de participantes voluntários no projeto, ao considerar que a produção acadêmica faz parte da formação do discente, sendo prática que necessita ser estimulada e valorizada. Para a efetivação do projeto realizou-se pesquisa pesquisa bibliográfica e, posteriormente, pesquisa de campo, para a intervenção na realidade  dos envolvidos. Embora ainda de caráter experimental e com resultados primários, o projeto se justifica e se destaca por vislumbrar a qualificação das produções escritas dos estudantes,  o que, certamente, impactará positivamente em seu perfil acadêmico e profissional.
AS REPRESENTAÇÕES SOCIAIS DO IFPR SOB MÚLTIPLOS OLHARES – UM ESTUDO LONGITUDINAL
Authors: PRYJMA LEILA CLEURI
Published: August 2019

Esta pesquisa, desenvolvida de forma longitudinal pelo Grupo de Pesquisa Representação Social, Subjetividade e Identidade busca encontrar a identidade do Instituto Federal do Paraná - Campus Pitanga, considerando identidade como resultado do processo de socialização, que compreende o cruzamento dos processos relacionais e biográficos (DUBAR, 1997) . Nesta conjuntura analisamos a representação social do IFPR a partir do aporte teórico-metodológico da Teoria das Representações Sociais proposta por Serge Moscovici (1961) e Jodelet (2001, 2007,2009) tendo como busca a Teoria do Núcleo Central (ABRIC, 1994, 2000). A busca desta representação foi feita em três categorias, sendo elas servidores, discentes e comunidade. Participaram deste estudo 12 docentes em 2016 e 17 em 2017, 60 alunos em 2016 e 125 em 2017, da categoria comunidade foram 68 participantes em 2016 e 59 em 2017. Utilizamos um Teste de Associação Livre de Palavras com o termo indutor “o IFPR é...” , solicitamos a hierarquização e a justificativa do 1º termo. O processo de análise das palavras evocadas foi organizado pela Ordem Média de Evocações e pela Ordem Média de Importância, utilizamos o software EVOC, realizamos a análise prototípica (Vèrges,2001), bem como os dados foram submetidos ao software IRAMUTEQ (Ratinaud, 2009) para a obtenção da análise de similitude e a criação da nuvem de palavras (metadado). Dentre as palavras mais evocadas pelos participantes destacam-se “oportunidade” e “conhecimento” comuns a todas as categorias. A alta frequência desses termos indicam o provável núcleo central, os pesquisadores compreendem as representações sociais do IFPR estão se formando ao  longo dos anos em todas as categorias  pesquisadas, fato comprovado na triangulação dos dados, observados na análise de similitude, na nuvem de palavras e no conteúdo das respostas.
MULHERES NAS INSTITUIÇÕES FINANCEIRAS: PESQUISA SOBRE EQUIDADE DE GÊNERO NO AMBIENTE EMPRESARIAL
Authors: Pinno Bianca Ribeiro , Massocatto Maria Eduarda Pacheco , Grave Fernanda Marchiori , Battisti Juliana
Published: August 2019

O presente trabalho tem como objetivo geral analisar as relações entre homens e mulheres no mercado de trabalho, principalmente nos bancos comerciais e nas cooperativas de crédito, baseando-se na hierarquia. Os objetivos específicos são: estudar o panorama geral das mulheres no mercado de trabalho, em especial nos bancos comerciais e nas cooperativas de crédito; analisar se há ou não desigualdade hierárquica entre gêneros nas instituições financeiras tidas como objeto deste estudo; e apresentar de que forma o equilíbrio numérico entre homens e mulheres na alta administração poderá contribuir para o desenvolvimento da empresa. Para esse fim, realizamos uma pesquisa documental, com base em dados hierárquicos dos anos de 2012 a 2017 disponibilizados pelas instituições pesquisadas, e revisão bibliográfica. A partir da pesquisa bibliográfica, tecemos uma breve história da luta das mulheres por espaço no ambiente de trabalho, em especial nos bancos comerciais e nas cooperativas de crédito. Igualmente, investigamos sobre os programas que foram desenvolvidos nas cooperativas para promover a equidade de gênero. Além disso, observamos que quando há uma equipe de gestão diversificada, a empresa tende a ser mais lucrativa e a ter melhor desempenho. Durante a análise documental, constatamos que a desigualdade ainda está relativamente presente nas instituições financeiras estudadas, pois em ambas as instituições o cargo de caixa, que faz parte do nível hierárquico mais baixo das empresas, foi ocupado apenas por mulheres, enquanto o cargo mais alto foi ocupado majoritariamente por homens. Com base nesse contexto, esperamos com este estudo promover uma reflexão social sobre a equidade de gênero no mercado de trabalho, despertar o interesse dos leitores e leitoras para que esses possam desenvolver novas pesquisas sobre esse assunto e ampliar o conhecimento sobre o tema.
GÊNERO, CIÊNCIA E TECNOLOGIA EM DISCUSSÃO: PERCEPÇÕES E PERSPECTIVAS DE ESTUDANTES DO IFPR CAMPUS CURITIBA
Authors: Vega Incerti Tânia Gracieli , Casagrande Lindamir Salete
Published: August 2019

Este artigo é parte dos resultados de uma pesquisa de mestrado que discutiu gênero, educação, ciência e tecnologia. Objetiva-se apresentar a percepção das/os estudantes sobre os artefatos tecnológicos de seus cursos, sobre os conhecimentos e perspectivas do mercado de trabalho nessas áreas, e sobre as contribuições da tecnologia no que se refere à igualdade de gênero nesses espaços. Como técnica de pesquisa, foram realizadas entrevistas semiestruturadas com 24 estudantes dos cursos técnicos em Mecânica e em Processos Fotográficos de uma instituição de ensino federal. Os resultados sugerem que em ambos os cursos há uma delimitação de áreas marcada pelas relações de gênero, e as mulheres, sendo minoria ou maioria nos cursos, vivenciam situações de desigualdades e também maiores dificuldades no mercado de trabalho.
EXAME DE SUFICIÊNCIA EM LÍNGUAS ESTRANGEIRAS NO CAMPUS PINHAIS DO INSTITUTO FEDERAL DO PARANÁ
Authors: Vieira Luciana Pereira Jasinski , Wojciechowski Thais
Published: August 2019

Resumo:O projeto aqui relatado propôs-se a pesquisar uma forma viável e legal de valorização e validação do conhecimento prévio dos alunos nas disciplinas de Língua Inglesa e Língua Espanhola nos cursos técnicos integrados ao Ensino Médio do Campus Pinhais do Instituto Federal do Paraná. Partiu-se da premissa de que o reconhecimento de estudos anteriores faz-se necessário para evitar incompatibilidades entre alunos que já possuem certo grau de domínio da língua estrangeira e outros que ingressam no Ensino Médio com praticamente conhecimento algum. Com isso, almeja-se que professor execute seu trabalho com um nível mais uniforme entre os alunos, sem desmotivar os que são mais proficientes nem intimidar os que possuem menores recursos linguísticos. A metodologia de trabalho tomou por base a análise de leis e regimentos internos do Instituto, para assegurar a legalidade e viabilidade da proposta, assim como pesquisa sobre as instituições da rede em que o exame de suficiência já era prática habitual. Foi feita uma aplicação piloto da prova com uma aluna no início de 2017 e em 2018 a oportunidade foi aberta para os interessados de todo o campus. Foram realizadas avaliações escritas e orais, e dos 21 alunos de Língua Inglesa inscritos, 9 foram aprovados, tendo a opção de ser dispensados de cursar a disciplina no referido ano. Com relação à Língua Espanhola, houve apenas uma estudante inscrita, que não obteve aprovação. A divulgação dos procedimentos e conclusão desta iniciativa tem como intuito também auxiliar outras instituições que desejarem tornar o exame de suficiência uma prática regular, assim como abrir discussão sobre o tema, buscando otimizar o processo como um todo. Exame de suficiência em línguas estrangeiras no Campus Pinhais do Instituto Federal do Paraná
Linking water, society and ecology in a system dynamics framework: case study of Huainan city
Authors: Zhang Xiang , Wei Fangliang , Meng Yu , Xia Jun , Liu Jian , Xiao Yi
Published: August 2019

The nexus of water, society, and ecology is set to become a hotspot in the coming decades. In this paper, a simple model framework is developed to describe the interactions and feedback of the three categories of components within the regional water system. Taking Huainan City in Anhui Province of China as an example, a model is established with the system dynamics method to discuss its coevolution process. The results show that the development direction of Huainan City is consistent with the planning direction. The comprehensive effectiveness of the policies for developing water-saving technologies, supporting socio-economic development and ensuring food supply could be acceptable. Moreover, the improvements of water-saving technologies for agriculture and domestic water use need to be accelerated. The support for industrial development and the restrictions on pollutant emissions need to be strengthened. Therefore, the model could help decision-makers to understand the status of the water system, modify policies and make further planning. The coevolution of the regional water system is jointly dominated by the positive feedback loop aimed at productivity and the negative one aimed at sustainability.
Biocide resistant and antibiotic cross-resistant potential pathogens from sewage and river water from a wastewater treatment facility in the North-West, Potchefstroom, South Africa
Authors: Mann B. C. , Bezuidenhout J. J. , Bezuidenhout C. C.
Published: August 2019

Exposure to antibiotics, biocides, chemical preservatives, and heavy metals in different settings such as wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) may apply selective pressure resulting in the enrichment of multiple resistant, co- and cross-resistant strains of bacteria. The purpose of this study was to identify and characterize potentially pathogenic triclosan (TCS) - and/or, chloroxylenol (PCMX) tolerant bacteria from sewage and river water in the North-West, Potchefstroom, South Africa. Several potential pathogens were identified, with Aeromonas isolates being most abundant. Clonal relationships between Aeromonas isolates found at various sampling points were elucidated using ERIC-PCR. Selected isolates were characterized for their minimum inhibitory concentrations against the biocides, as well as antibiotic resistance profiles, followed by an evaluation of synergistic and antagonistic interactions between various antimicrobials. Isolates were also screened for the presence of extracellular enzymes associated with virulence. High-performance liquid chromatography revealed the presence of both biocides in the wastewater, but fingerprinting methods did not reveal whether the WWTP is the source from which these organisms enter the environment. Isolates exhibited various levels of resistance to antimicrobials as well as several occurrences of synergy and antagonisms between the biocides and select antibiotics. Several isolates had a very high potential for virulence but further study is required to identify the specific virulence and resistance genes associated with the isolates in question.
Los complejos urbanos transfronterizos en América Latina
Authors: Dilla Alfonso Haroldo
Published: August 2019

La presencia de manchas urbanas transfronterizas es un hecho sociológico en las fronteras latinoamericanas. Estas aglomeraciones son el producto de la activación de los flujos de capitales, bienes y personas a través de ellas, y de la formación de corredores y regiones transfronterizas. A partir de una recreación de algunos posicionamientos teóricos precedentes, este artículo discute la validez de una definición conceptual —complejos urbanos transfronterizos— y propone un debate en torno a una serie de variables de análisis que dan cuenta de la naturaleza de las relaciones entre las ciudades componentes desde la demografía, la economía, la política y las relaciones sociales.
Repasando la frontera hispano-portuguesa: Conflicto, interacción y cooperación transfronteriza
Authors: Calderón Vázquez Francisco José
Published: August 2019

Las fronteras europeas y, muy específicamente, las fronteras entre Estados miembros de la Unión Europea constituyen productos históricos “vivos” que personifican las vicisitudes de los territorios fronterizos europeos en constante evolución: desde un pasado de luchas y enfrentamientos entre las diferentes unidades sociopolíticas europeas, hasta un futuro de progresiva integración comunitaria. Tales procesos de desactivación fronteriza resultan de gran complejidad. En la presente contribución, analizamos el caso de la frontera hispano-portuguesa, revisando su evolución desde la perspectiva de la interacción transfronteriza.
La incompleta re-construcción peronista de la frontera: Un análisis desde la región del Nahuel Huapi, Argentina (1946-1955)
Authors: Núñez Paula Gabriela
Published: August 2019

Este trabajo analiza el efecto económico del peronismo en la región del Nahuel Huapi, revisando aspectos materiales y simbólicos de este sito de frontera con Chile, asociado al Parque Nacional existente en la región y a la ciudad de Bariloche. Con este objetivo, se problematizan el autorreconocimiento y los vínculos con otras regiones, en diálogo con los procesos materiales del periodo. El aporte que presenta este manuscrito es reconocer que, a pesar de que el peronismo es vivido como uno de los grandes quiebres del desarrollo en la región del Nahuel Huapi, y sobre todo en la localidad de San Carlos de Bariloche, los documentos dan cuenta de procesos de continuidad, que discuten el relato rupturista existente.
Arrinconados por la realidad: Menores de circuito
Authors: Moreno Mena José A. , Avedaño Millán Rosa María
Published: August 2019

Este trabajo analiza un segmento de la migración infantil al que se le ha llamado “menores de circuito”. Se trata de niñas, niños y adolescentes migrantes no acompañados que cruzan la frontera por diversos motivos y se les relaciona con bandas delictivas, de trata, traficantes de humanos y drogas. El propósito es hacer visible el problema y reflexionar sobre los riesgos y el estado de vulnerabilidad social que vive esta población. Mediante revisión bibliográfica, hemerográfica y de estadísticas oficiales, así como entrevistas a informantes clave se identifica y caracteriza a esta categoría de migrantes. Se concluye que es necesaria la revisión de los marcos actuales de protección a los niños migrantes y la creación de un protocolo de actuación de las autoridades que tienen contacto con ellos a fin de velar por el interés supremo del menor.
Drug-Herb Interaction between Metformin and Momordica charantia in Diabetic Mice
Authors: Pramesthi Asri Dwi Endah Dewi , Ardana Mirhansyah , Indriyanti Niken
Published: August 2019

Background: Bitter gourd has various metabolites, such as momordicosides, polypeptide-P, v-insulin, charantin, and vicine that have antidiabetic effect. It has synergistically effect while combined with oral diabetic drugs, such as metformin as glucose lowering agent. The aim of this study is to investigate the interaction of bitter gourd fruit juice and metformin as glucose lowering agent in mice.Materials and Methods: Alloxan-induced diabetic mice were treated with bitter gourd fruit juice, metformin, and the combination of those two for 21 days. Glucose level was checked on first and last day of treatment.Results: Furthermore, blood glucose levels measurement showed no significant difference between groups compared with negative control, which was p>0.05. The stomach of groups that treated with metformin and bitter gourd fruit juice histopathologically showed no significant differences.Conclusion: The use of bitter gourd once daily together with metformin is a better choice, while twice daily might induce hypoglycemia and mice death. There is no interaction between them on lowering blood glucose.Keywords: metformin, Momordica charantia, diabetes mellitus
Association between Hasford Scoring System and Hematologic Response in Chronic and Accelerated Phase of Chronic Myelocytic Leukemia Patient with Imatinib for Three Months
Authors: Purnomo Andy , Bintoro Ugroseno Yudho , Sedana Made Putra , Ashariati Ami
Published: August 2019

Background: Hasford score is a scoring system which was made in interferon treatment era to assess chronic myelocytic leukemia (CML) prognosis. Complete hematologic response (CHR) is the milestone of prognosis evaluation. CHR achievement will significantly increase survival. Imatinib is a revolutionized treatment that change the prognosis of CML. With the advent of Imatinib, lessened the prognostic impact of the Hasford score to predict prognosis.Materials and Methods: An observational analytic with prospective cohort study conducted in oncology outward division Dr. Soetomo hospital Surabaya, from July until October 2018. Hasford score determined in 32 patients at the beginning of the study, given imatinib and followed up regularly for 3 months to know the hematologic response. Data were analyzed using Fisher exact test which was considered significant if p<0.05.Results: Median age was 39 years old, male 37.5% and female 62.5%, the median spleen was 18 cm, median hemoglobin was 9.1 g/dL, median leukocyte was 180x109 /L, median thrombocyte was 645x109 /L, median eosinophil was 2.9%, median basophil was 4.6%, median myeloblast was 6%. Hasford score showed 3.1% in low risk, 25% in intermediate risk and 71.9% in high risk. As much as 78.1% complete hematologic response was found in patient, and 21.9% was incomplete.Conclusion: There was no association between Hasford scoring system and hematologic response in chronic and accelerated phase of chronic myelocytic leukemia patient with imatinib for three month. Hasford score had no impact in hematologic response with imatinib.Keywords: Hasford score, hematologic response, CML, imatinib
Macrophage: A Key Therapeutic Target in Atherosclerosis?
Authors: Taghizadeh Eskandar , Taheri Forough , Renani Pedram G. , Reiner Željko , Navashenaq Jamshid G. , Sahebkar Amirhossein
Published: August 2019

Background:

Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease and a leading cause of coronary artery disease, peripheral vascular disease and stroke. Lipid-laden macrophages are derived from circulating monocytes and form fatty streaks as the first step of atherogenesis.

Methods:

An electronic search in major databases was performed to review new therapeutic opportunities for influencing the inflammatory component of atherosclerosis based on monocytes/macrophages targeting.

Results:

In the past two decades, macrophages have been recognized as the main players in atherogenesis but also in its thrombotic complications. There is a growing interest in immunometabolism and recent studies on metabolism of macrophages have created new therapeutic options to treat atherosclerosis. Targeting recruitment, polarization, cytokine profile extracellular matrix remodeling, cholesterol metabolism, oxidative stress, inflammatory activity and non-coding RNAs of monocyte/macrophage have been proposed as potential therapeutic approaches against atherosclerosis.

Conclusion:

Monocytes/macrophages have a crucial role in progression and pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. Therefore, targeting monocyte/macrophage therapy in order to achieve anti-inflammatory effects might be a good option for prevention of atherosclerosis.
The Effects of L-Carnitine Supplementation on Serum Lipids: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Fathizadeh Hadis , Milajerdi Alireza , Reiner Željko , Kolahdooz Fariba , Chamani Maryam , Amirani Elaheh , Asemi Zatollah
Published: August 2019

Background:

The findings of trials investigating the effects of L-carnitine administration on serum
lipids are inconsistent. This meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) was performed to summarize
the effects of L-carnitine intake on serum lipids in patients and healthy individuals.

Methods:

Two authors independently searched electronic databases including MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane
Library, Web of Science, PubMed and Google Scholar from 1990 until August 1, 2019, in order to find relevant
RCTs. The quality of selected RCTs was evaluated using the Cochrane Collaboration risk of bias tool. Cochrane’s
Q test and I-square (I2) statistic were used to determine the heterogeneity across included trials. Weight mean
difference (SMD) and 95% CI between the two intervention groups were used to determine pooled effect sizes.
Subgroup analyses were performed to evaluate the source of heterogeneity based on suspected variables such as,
participant’s health conditions, age, dosage of L-carnitine, duration of study, sample size, and study location
between primary RCTs.

Results:

Out of 3460 potential papers selected based on keywords search, 67 studies met the inclusion criteria and
were eligible for the meta-analysis. The pooled results indicated that L-carnitine administration led to a significant
decrease in triglycerides (WMD: -10.35; 95% CI: -16.43, -4.27), total cholesterol (WMD: -9.47; 95% CI: -
13.23, -5.70) and LDL-cholesterol (LDL-C) concentrations (WMD: -6.25; 95% CI: -9.30, -3.21), and a significant
increase in HDL-cholesterol (HDL-C) levels (WMD: 1.39; 95% CI: 0.21, 2.57). L-carnitine supplementation did
not influence VLDL-cholesterol concentrations. When we stratified studies for the predefined factors such as
dosage, and age, no significant effects of the intervention on triglycerides, LDL-C, and HDL-C levels were found.

Conclusion:

This meta-analysis demonstrated that L-carnitine administration significantly reduced triglycerides,
total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol levels, and significantly increased HDL-cholesterol levels in the pooled
analyses, but did not affect VLDL-cholesterol levels; however, these findings were not confirmed in our subgroup
analyses by participant’s health conditions, age, dosage of L-carnitine, duration of study, sample size, and study
location.
The Role of Vascular Aging in Atherosclerotic Plaque Development and Vulnerability
Authors: Liberale Luca , Camici Giovanni G.
Published: August 2019

Background:

The ongoing demographical shift is leading to an unprecedented aging of the population. As a consequence, the prevalence of age-related diseases, such as atherosclerosis and its thrombotic complications is set to increase in the near future. Endothelial dysfunction and vascular stiffening characterize arterial aging and set the stage for the development of cardiovascular diseases. Atherosclerotic plaques evolve over time, the extent to which these changes might affect their stability and predispose to sudden complications remains to be determined. Recent advances in imaging technology will allow for longitudinal prospective studies following the progression of plaque burden aimed at better characterizing changes over time associated with plaque stability or rupture. Oxidative stress and inflammation, firmly established driving forces of age-related CV dysfunction, also play an important role in atherosclerotic plaque destabilization and rupture. Several genes involved in lifespan determination are known regulator of redox cellular balance and pre-clinical evidence underlines their pathophysiological roles in age-related cardiovascular dysfunction and atherosclerosis.

Objective:

The aim of this narrative review is to examine the impact of aging on arterial function and atherosclerotic plaque development. Furthermore, we report how molecular mechanisms of vascular aging might regulate age-related plaque modifications and how this may help to identify novel therapeutic targets to attenuate the increased risk of CV disease in elderly people.