bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Systematic Review on Adolescents’ Premarital Sexual Behaviour In Malaysia
Authors: Minhat Halimatus Sakdiah , Ismail Raja Nurul Najwa Raja , Jafri Faridah , Zulkefli Nor Afiah Mohd , Ahmad Norliza
Published: February 2021

Background: Premarital sexual behaviours among adolescents and the associated negative consequences of teenage pregnancy is an increasing public health concerns in Malaysia. Despite the extensive research related to sexual and reproductive health of adolescents, the problems remain reflecting the possible poor understanding of the underlying causes contribute to the problem. This systematic review is aimed at critically evaluating the available evidence on the contributing factors related to premarital sexual behaviours among adolescents in Malaysia. Methods: Five databases; Scopus, MEDLINE/ PubMed, CINAHL, Science Direct and Google Scholar were utilized to systematically searched related articles up to July 2018. Searching involved local quantitative, qualitative and mixed methods studies with premarital sexual behaviours among adolescents in Malaysia being the primary outcome. Two reviewers independently extracted data and assessed study risks of bias.Results: We identified 1762 articles, of which only nine articles were included, which was dominated by six cross sectional studies. A total of 41 939 adolescents aged between 12 to 19 years old were included in this review. The prevalence of premarital sexual behaviours among adolescents was ranging between 2.9% to 8.3%, reported by history of ever had sex. Religiosity, attitude towards sexual urge (pornography and masturbation), high-risk behaviours (bullying, smoking and substance intake – alcohol and drugs) and parents-peers influence were main contributing factors identified to associate with premarital sexual behaviours.Conclusion: Negative attitude towards sexual urge and involvement in high risk behaviours put adolescents at higher risk of premarital sexual behaviour, while religious beliefs and reciprocal relationship between parents and peers influence may act as protective factors. However, more qualitative, and mixed methods studies needed to get in-depth understanding on the relationship between these factors and premarital sexual behaviours.
Bioinformatics Analysis the Characteristics and Correlation of m6A Methylation in Breast Cancer Progression
Authors: Zhao Ping , Huang Xinwei , Wu Anhao , Yang Xin , Fu Yang , Quan Yuhang , Li Zhen , Tang Qi , Zhang Ji , Wang Maohua
Published: February 2021

Background: RNA m6A methylation regulator has been shown to play an important regulatory role in tumorigenesis and progression. However, the role and characteristics of RNA m6A methylation in breast cancer are not yet clear. Objective: To analyze the effect of the expression pattern of M6A methylation factor on the progression of breast cancer by bioinformatics.Results: This study uses bioinformatics to analyze three data sets of TCGA-BRCA, GSE96058 and GSE25066. According to the expression level of m6A-related genes, breast cancer samples are divided into 4 subtypes: quiescent, m6A-methylation, protein-binding, and mixed. The results of R-survival analysis showed that the survival of breast cancer samples of the four subtypes was significantly different. The analysis of breast cancer gene expression features showed that there are significant differences in the number of exon skip among the four subtypes. For tumor driver genes, the degree of TP53 mutation and copy number loss are the most in the protein-binding subtype. Among DNA damage repair genes, the copy number of RAD54B in the protein binding subtype is significantly increased, while other DNA damage repair-related genes have fewer mutations and copy number deletions are common. The effect of m6A methylation on the proportion of infiltrated immune cells indicates that Macrophages M0 and Mast cells resting are significantly different in the four m6A subgroups, and are related to patient prognosis. The number of sensitive samples of chemotherapeutics (taxane anthracyclines) is the lowest in the quiescent subtype. In addition, the highest tumor stemness index in breast cancer samples is the protein-bound type, and the lowest is the m6A methylated type. Conclusion: The results of our analysis suggest that the reduced expression level of m6A methylation writer gene and the high expression of m6A reader protein in the four methylation subtypes of breast cancer are key to the progression of breast cancer.
Prion-like proteins reveal crosstalk between Stress and Memory pathways in Plants
Authors: Garai Sampurna , . Citu , Singla-Pareek Snehlata , Sopory Sudhir Kumar , Kaur Charanpreet , Yadav Gitanjali
Published: February 2021

Background: Prions can be considered as molecular memory devices, generating reproducible memory of a conformational change. Prion-like proteins (PrLPs) have been widely demonstrated to be present in plants, but their role in plant stress and memory remains unexplored. Results: In this work, we report the widespread presence of PrLPs in plants through a comprehensive analysis of 39 genomes representing major taxonomic groups. We find diverse functional roles associated with these proteins in various species, and we term the entire PrLP complement of a genome, as it’s Prionome . Investigation of rice transcriptomic datasets further delineated the role of PrLPs in stress and developmental responses, leading us to explore whether and to what extent PrLPs may build stress memory. We found the rice prionome to be significantly enriched for Transposons/Retrotransposons (Ts/RTRs), and superimposed it with the corresponding interactome and diurnal transcriptome. Regulatory inferences derived from clustering and overlaying of these datasets revealed a complex network and crosstalk between PrLPs, transcription factors and genes known to be involved in stress priming. Conclusion: This work connects transient and trans-generational memory mechanisms in plants with prion-like proteins, suggesting that plant memory may rely upon protein-based signals in addition to chromatin-based epigenetic signals. We derive transcriptional regulatory inferences from the rice diurnal gene expression data to identify specific prion-like genes that may be memory hubs in rice. Taken together, our work provides important insights into the anticipated role of prions in stress and memory, paving the way for more focussed studies for validating role of identified PrLPs in memory acclimation.
Complete response induced by concurrent chemoradiotherapy in a patient with NUT carcinoma: a case report
Authors: Muramatsu Joji , Takada Kohichi , Sugita Shintaro , Tsuchiya Takaaki , Yamamoto Keisuke , Murase Kazuyuki , Ameda Saki , Arihara Yohei , Miyanishi Koji , Sakata Koh-Ichi , Kato Junji
Published: February 2021

BackgroundNUT carcinoma (NC) is a rare and extremely aggressive carcinoma that occurs in young individuals. Although NC has a dismal prognosis, recommended therapies have not been established.Case presentationAn 18-year-old man presented with sudden vision loss in his left eye. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed a rapidly growing tumor, which had directly invaded the left optic nerve and epidural space, originating from the left posterior ethmoid sinus. A pathological examination of the tumor revealed a dense proliferation of polygonal-to-round tumor cells with enlarged round nuclei and conspicuous nucleoli, and positive staining for NUT protein in the nuclei of tumor cells. The patient was diagnosed with locally advanced NC. We initiated concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT), consisting of chemotherapy with vincristine, doxorubicin, and cyclophosphamide (VDC), alternating with ifosphamide and etoposide (IE) according to a regimen for Ewing sarcoma, plus radiation therapy (70 Gy/35 Fr). The patient completed CCRT and achieved a complete response.ConclusionsCCRT, comprising a VDC–IE regimen, can be a useful treatment option for adolescent and young adult patients with NC, even when the cancer is at a locally advanced unresectable stage.
BRAF, C-KIT, and NRAS mutations correlated with different clinicopathological features: an analysis of 691 melanoma patients from a single center
Authors: Ren Min , Zhang Jing , Kong Yunyi , Chen Yong , Bai Qianming , Qi Peng , Zhang Ling , Wang Qian , Zhou Xiaoyan , Zhu Xiaoli
Published: February 2021

Aims
To analyze the prevalence and relevance of pathogenetic mutations in BRAF, C-KIT, and NRAS in Chinese melanoma patients to provide some potential reference for the targeted treatment in China.
Methods
We described the frequency and distribution of BRAF, NRAS, and C-KIT mutation in 691 melanoma patients, and analyze the statistical significance of different gene mutation with clinicopathological features.
Results
BRAF mutation was found in 166 patients (24.0%), and V600E was the prominent genetic alteration (87.3%). Statistical analysis showed that younger patients had a higher BRAF mutation rate than the older. Furthermore, the frequency of BRAF mutation in patients with extremity location, ALM type, thinner thickness and no ulceration was more likely to be lower. The rate of NRAS mutation was 12.6% (38/302), mainly involved codon 61 in exon 3 and codon 12 in exon 2. C-KIT mutation was detected in 65 patients (9.4%), and the most common sites of mutations was L576 in exon 11 (44.6%). Patients with NRAS or C-KIT mutation had higher Clark level and more likely to be located in extremity than those without mutation. The concordance of BRAF, NRAS, and C-KIT mutations between paired primary and metastatic lesions was 89.6% (60/67), and visceral metastases showed a highest similar distribution of gene mutations versus primary melanomas compared with lymph nodes and cutaneous metastases.
Conclusions
In this large cohort on Chinese population, the frequency of BRAF and NRAS mutation was relatively lower than that in Caucasian, but the clinicopathological features of BRAF, C-KIT and NRAS mutation were similar. Paired primary and metastatic lesions showed high concordance of gene mutations.
Microbacterium helvum sp. nov., a novel actinobacterium isolated from cow dung
Authors: Li Xiao , Zhang Lida , Huang Fuyan , Zhao junwei , Wang Han , Jiao Yanjie , Qian Lulu , Wang Xiangjing , Xiang Wensheng
Published: February 2021

A Gram-positive, aerobic, non-motile, non-spore-forming, short rod-shaped strain, NEAU-LLCT, was isolated from cow dung in Shangzhi city, Heilongjiang Province, northeast China and identified by a polyphasic taxonomic study. Colonies was light yellow, round, with entire margin. Strain NEAU-LLCT was grown at 15–45℃ and pH 6.0–10.0. NaCl concentration ranged from 0 to 5% (W/V). The 16S rRNA gene sequence of NEAU-LLCT showed the high similarities with Microbacterium kyungheense JCM 18735T (98.5%), Microbacterium trichothecenolyticum JCM 1358T (98.3%) and Microbacterium jejuense JCM 18734T (98.2%). The whole-cell sugars were glucose, rhamnose, and ribose. The menaquinones contained MK-12 and MK-13. Ornithine, glutamic acid, lysine, and a small amount of alanine and glycine were the amino acids in the hydrolyzed products of the cell wall. The major fatty acids were iso-C16:0, iso-C18:0, anteiso-C15:0 and anteiso-C17:0. The main polar lipids were diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol and an unidentified glycolipid. The genome of NEAU-LLCT was 4,369,375 bp and G + C content is 70.28 mol%. A combination of DNA-DNA hybridization result and some phenotypic characteristics demonstrated that strain NEAU-LLCT could be distinguished from its closely related strains. Therefore, the strain NEAU-LLCT was considered to represent a novel specie and was named Microbacterium helvum sp. (Type strain NEAU-LLCT =CCTCC AA 2018026T = JCM 32661T).
Predicting County-Level COVID-19 Cases using Spatiotemporal Machine Learning: Modeling Human Interactions using Social Media and Cell-Phone Data
Authors: Vahedi Behzad , Karimzadeh Morteza , Zoraghein Hamidreza
Published: February 2021

Measurements of human interaction through proxies such as social connectedness or movement patterns have proved useful for predictive modeling of COVID-19. In this study, we first compare the power of Facebook’s social connectedness with cell phone-derived human mobility for predicting county-level new cases of COVID-19. Our experiments show that social connectedness is a better proxy for measuring human interactions leading to new infections. Next, we develop a SpatioTemporal autoregressive eXtreme Gradient Boosting (STXGB) model to predict county-level new cases of COVID-19 in the coterminous US. We evaluate the model on five weekly forecast dates between October 24 and November 28, 2020 over one- to four-week prediction horizons. Comparing our predictions with a baseline Ensemble of 32-models currently used by the CDC indicates an average 58% improvement in prediction RMSEs over two- to four-week prediction horizons, pointing to the strong predictive power of our model.
Exercise training complementary to specialised early intervention in patients with first-episode psychosis: a feasibility randomised trial
Authors: Midtgaard Julie , Schnor Helle , Bjerre Eik Dybboe , Jespersen Tobias , Jelsøe Nina , Frølund Nanna , Seier Søren , Rønbøg Jacob Willum , Nordsborg Nikolai Baastrup , Ebdrup Bjørn
Published: February 2021

BackgroundTo examine feasibility of trial processes and group-based, structured exercise training in patients with first-episode psychosis (FEP).MethodsTwenty-five patients with FEP took part in a two-arm randomised feasibility trial. Patients were individually randomised (1:1) via a computer-generated randomisation sequence and allocated to either an exercise intervention group (INT) or a control group (CON). Patients allocated to INT completed a physical exercise training programme at moderate-to-vigorous intensity, one hour three times weekly for 8 weeks. CON patients were encouraged to continue their usual level of activity and were offered the training programme after 8 weeks. Primary outcomes included screening rate, recruitment rate, retention rate, adherence, adverse events, and heart rate response during training. Secondary outcomes included cardiovascular health (VO2max, resting heart rate, blood pressure), body composition (muscle mass, fat percentage), muscle strength (sit-to-stand, grip strength, jump height), and balance.ResultsRecruitment lasted 6 weeks and 86 out of 324 patients (27%) were screened, 71 of whom (83%) were deemed eligible. Twenty-five (35%) accepted inclusion (mean age 25.5; mean body mass index 25.1) and were subsequently randomised (INT = 13; CON = 12). Retention of patients was 76% and 52% at the 8-week and 16-week follow-up, respectively. Attendance was 43% (min. 9%, max. 96%). No significant changes were observed between groups in secondary physiological outcome measures.ConclusionsFeasibility was challenged by limited recruitment and retention rates, suggesting that modifications are required if a large-scale randomised controlled trial is to be conducted. Recommendations for modifications are presented and discussed.Trial registrationclinicaltrials.gov, NCT03409393 ('Retrospectively registered')
Effective Adsorption of a-series Chemical Warfare Agents on Graphdiyne Nanoflake; A DFT Study
Authors: Sajid Hasnain , Khan Sidra , Ayub Khurshid , Mahmood Tariq
Published: February 2021

Chemical warfare agents (CWAs) are highly poisonous and their presence may cause diverse effect not only on living organisms but on environment as well. Therefore, their detection and removal in a short time span is very important. In this regard, here the utility of graphdiyne (GDY) nanoflake is studied theoretically as an electrochemical sensor material for the hazardous CWAs including A-230, A-232, A-234. Herein, we explain the phenomenon of adsorption of A-series CWAs on GDY nanoflake within the density functional theory (DFT) framework. The characterization of adsorption is based on optimized geometries, BSSE corrected energies, SAPT, RDG, FMO, CHELPG charge transfer, QTAIM and UV-Vis analyses. The calculated counterpoise adsorption energies for reported complexes range from -13.70 to -17.19 kcal mol-1. These adsorption energies show that analytes are physiosorbed onto GDY which usually takes place through noncovalent interactions. The noncovalent adsorption of CWAs on GDY is also attributed by the SAPT0, RDG and QTAIM analyses. These properties also reveal that dispersion factors dominate in the complexes among many noncovalent components (exchange, induction, electrostatic, steric repulsion). In order the estimate the sensitivity of GDY, the %sensitivity and average energy gap variations are quantitatively measured by energies of HOMO and LUMO orbitals. In term of adsorption affinity of GDY, UV-Vis analysis, CHELPG charge transfer and DOS analysis depict an appreciable response towards these toxic CWAs.
Virucidal and Antiviral Activity of Extract of Punica Granatum Cultivated in Brazil
Authors: Salles Tiago Souza , Meneses Marcelo Damião Ferreira , Caldas Lucio Ayres , Sá-Guimaraes Thayane Encarnação , Oliveira Danielle M. de , Ventura José A. , Azevedo Renata Campos , Kuster Ricardo M. , Soares Márcia Regina , Ferreira Davis Fernandes
Published: February 2021

Background: The arthropod-borne Mayaro virus (MAYV) causes ‘Mayaro fever’, a disease of medical significance, primarily affecting individuals in permanent contact with forested areas in tropical South America. Recently, MAYV has attracted attention due to its likely urbanization. Currently, there are no licensed drugs against most mosquito-transmitted viruses. Punica granatum (pomegranate) fruits cultivated in Brazil were submitted to a phytochemical investigation for the identification and isolation of antiviral compounds. In the present study we studied the antiviral activity of pomegranate extracts in Vero cells infected with Mayaro virus. Methods: The Ethanol extract and Punicalagin of Pomegranate were extracted solely of the shell and purified by chromatographic fractionation and chemically identified using spectroscopic techniques. Cytotoxicity of purified compounds was measured by the dye-uptake assay while their antiviral activity was evaluated by a virus yield inhibition assay.Results: Pomegranate ethanol extract (CC50 = 588.9, IC50 = 12.3) and a fraction containing punicalagin as major compound (CC50 = 441.5, IC50 = 28.2) were shown to have antiviral activity (SI 49 and 16, respectively) against Mayaro virus, an alphavirus. Immunofluorescence analysis showed the virucidal effect of Pomegranate extract and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) revealed damage in viral particles treated with this extract. Conclusions: The P. granatum extract is a promising source of antiviral compounds against the alphavirus MAYV and are excellent candidates for future studies with other enveloped RNA viruses.
Acceptance and Use of Complementary and Alternative Medicine Among Medical Specialists: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Phutrakool Phanupong , Pongpirul Krit
Published: February 2021

BackgroundComplementary and Alternative Medicine (CAM) has gained popularity among the general population but its acceptance and use among medical specialists have been inconclusive.MethodsWe conducted a systematic literature search in PubMed and Scopus databases for the acceptance and use of CAM among medical specialists. Each article was assessed by two screeners. Only survey studies relevant to the acceptance and use of CAM among medical specialists were reviewed. The pooled prevalence estimates were calculated using random-effects meta-analyses.ResultsOf 5,628 articles published between 2002 and 2017, 25 fulfilled the selection criteria. Ten medical specialties were included: Internal Medicine (11 studies), Pediatrics (6 studies), Obstetrics and Gynecology (6 studies), Anesthesiology (4 studies), Surgery (3 studies), Family Medicine (3 studies), Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (3 studies), Psychiatry and Neurology (2 studies), Otolaryngology (1 study), and Neurological Surgery (1 study). The overall acceptance of CAM was 52% (95%CI: 42-62%). Family Medicine reported the highest acceptance (67%; 95%CI: 60-73%), followed by Psychiatry and Neurology (64%; 95%CI: 35-85%), Neurological Surgery (63%; 95%CI: 43-79%), Obstetrics and Gynecology (62%; 95%CI: 36-82%), Pediatrics (60%; 95%CI: 41-77%), Anesthesiology (52%; 95%CI: 45-58%), Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (51%; 95%CI: 42-61%), Internal Medicine (41%; 95%CI: 39-43%), and Surgery (26%; 95%CI: 22-30%). The overall use of CAM was 45% (95% CI: 37-54%). The highest use of CAM was by the Obstetrics and Gynecology (68%; 95%CI: 63-73%), followed by Family Medicine (63%; 95%CI: 58-68%), Psychiatry and Neurology (55%; 95%CI: 35-73%), Pediatrics (44%; 95%CI: 42-46%), Otolaryngology (43%; 95%CI: 30-57%), Anesthesiology (42%; 95%CI: 37-47%), Internal Medicine (38%; 95%CI: 36-41%), Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (32%; 95%CI: 24-41%), and Surgery (25%; 95%CI: 22-29%). Based on the studies, meta-regression showed no statistically significant difference across geographic regions, economic levels of the country, or sampling methods.ConclusionAcceptance and use of CAM were moderate and varied across medical specialists.Systematic review registrationThis systematic review has been registered in PROSPERO (CRD42019125628) and the protocol can be accessed at http://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/display_record.asp?ID=CRD42019125628.
A Flexible and Economic Method to Improve the Ability of Electromagnetic Flanging for Tubes
Authors: Xiong Qi , Li Zhe , Tang Jianhua , Zhou Hang , Yang Meng , Song Xianqi
Published: February 2021

In recent years we have seen the rapid development of electromagnetic flanging of tubes, which uses coils to generate electromagnetic forces to achieve the deformation with high speed but without contact. However, the electromagnetic force decays rapidly with the increase of distance, resulting in strict requirements of geometrical matching between the coils and the tubes. Usually, new coils should be fabricated for tubes with new sizes, which is inconvenient and uneconomical. Therefore, a more flexible and economical method is proposed in this article, which introduces a solenoid field shaper into the existing electromagnetic flanging system. By adjusting the structure and the position of the field shaper, the distribution of electromagnetic forces can be reshaped to form tubes with various sizes, without changing the coil, whose cost is much higher than a field shaper. The principle of this method is introduced in detail. Then an electromagnetic-structure coupled finite element simulation model is established to calculate the forming process. The results show that when forming an A1060-O aluminum alloy tube with an inner diameter of 110mm, the discharge voltage can be tuned down from 8.5kV, without field shaper, to 7.11kV, with field shaper. That means the energy consumption of the system can be saved by 30%, and the manufacturing process of the field shaper is simpler than that of the forming coil. What’s more, when forming tubes with different sizes, the new method shows higher effectiveness, greater flexibility, and lower cost than the traditional way.
A geometry consisting of singularities containing only integers
Authors: Li Qing
Published: February 2021

It is difficult for us to discriminate the sizes of space and time as finite and infinite. In this article an axiom is defined in which one infinitely small and infinitely great must exist if the sizes of space and time can be compared and it is undividedly 0(zero) point (singularity) for this infinitely small.this axiom have some new characters distinct from current calculus ,such as extension only can be executed in the way of unit superposition in the system, the decimal point is meaningless and there aree only integers to exist in the system, and any given interval is finite quantites and can not be ‘included’ or ‘equal divided’ infinitely and randomly.The geometry space we see are the non-continuum being made of countless 0 points .
Not hurting students’ feelings(Sisu Sitha Noridawa): The impact of a specialized training on teacher mental health literacy in central Sri Lanka
Authors: Ginige P. , R.U Perera , S.C. Arambepola , P.R Kuruwita , N.D. Gunawardena
Published: February 2021

Background Globally 10-20% of children and adolescents are suffering from mental health disorders. Improving mental health literacy (MHL) of teachers supports early detection and referral of children with mental health problems.Aim To develop and conduct a training program to improve teachers’ MHL, “Sisu Sitha Noridawa (SSN)” (not hurting students’ feelings) in central Sri Lanka (SL) and to explore the effect of the intervention on teacher MHL.Method 251 teachers participated in the study. Psychiatrist authors first facilitated small group discussions on ten case vignettes of common child psychiatry problems and then large group discussions using mini lectures and a handbook. Pre and post-tests were conducted to assess knowledge and attitudes on mental health problems of school children. The scores were analyzed using, Paired T-test in SPSS 17.Results The mean score differences of pre and posttest in both knowledge and attitude components showed statistically significant differences with p values <0.001 (confidence interval of 95%) and Cohen’s d values >0.2 in each, indicating the training had a significant positive impact on improving both the knowledge and attitude about mental health.Conclusion The training program had a significant positive impact on improving the MHL of participant teachers on common child and adolescent mental health problems. The sustainability of achieved effects and their application in classroom need exploration in a long-term study. SSN is a feasible and effective training program to be included in the existing teacher-training curriculum with in-service booster SSN programs, in a middle-income country like SL.
A Real Data-Driven Analytical Model to Predict Happiness
Authors: Chakraborty Aditya , Tsokos Chris P.
Published: February 2021

Purpose: Philosophers and many modern-day researchers are convinced by the fact that the pursuit of happiness is the ultimate goal for humankind. Aristotle believed that the utmost goal of human life was eudaimonia (interpreted as “happiness,” “human flourishing,” or “a good life.”). Recently, many economists and physiologists have been doing applied research in the areas of subjective well-being (SWB) or happiness and trying to understand how it improves the quality of life of individual beings. Thus, searching for a data-driven analytical model is crucial to predict SWB and enhance the quality of lifeMethods: Our present study utilizes the world happiness database obtained from the Gallup World Poll on the happiness of 156 countries. However, our study focuses on using only the data of fifty-four developed countries, based on the human development index (HDI). We have developed a non-linear analytical model that predicts the average happiness score based on eleven risk factors with a high degree of accuracy. We also compared our analytical model with three other statistical models, and our model outperformed the rest of the three in terms of RMSE and MAE. Results: Our analytical model includes five important findings. The response of the proposed model is the average score of happiness of individuals in developed countries. In addition to predicting the happiness score, our model identifies the individual risk factors and their corre-sponding interactions that significantly contribute to happiness. We rank these risk factors by their percentage of contributions to the happiness score. We also proceed to rank the developed countries with respect to their predicted happiness score from our developed model. From our study, we found Finland being number one, followed by Denmark. The U.S is fifth and Romania being 54th.Conclusion: The proposed model offers other useful information on the subject area. Our ana-lytical model has been validated and tested to be of high quality, and our prediction of happiness is with a high degree of accuracy. We created a survey questionnaire (appendix 1) based on the data that can be used along with our model by any company for the strategic planning or decision making.
The interaction of social capital, life stress index and gender on mental health education for internal migrants: based on the China Migrant Population Dynamics Survey in 2017
Authors: Yang Zhen , Jiang Chenghua
Published: February 2021

Background: China has about 240 million internal migrants(IMs), and they face lots of mental health risks. The government is actively promoting mental health education for IMs. Previous studies have focused more on the relation between social capital and mental health, but ignored the impact of social capital on the accessibility to mental health services.Methods: Data from the China Migrant Dynamic Survey of 2017, involving 138939 IMs in 31 provinces were used to explore the interaction of social capital, life stress index and gender on acceptance of mental health education(AMHE). Social capital was divided into cognitive(CSC) and structural social capital (SSC). Multiple line charts and multi-level logistic regression were conducted to analyze their impacts on AMHE, and whether such impacts were moderated by gender and life stress index(LSI). Results: The results suggest: (1) The SSC ranking of IMs with different LSI levels was "moderate (3.62 ± 1.736), mild(3.53 ± 1.755), severe(3.53 ± 1.755)", SSC was positively correlated with AMHE(OR=1.320, 95%CI 1.305 to 1.336), but the correlation would decrease with the increase of LSI(OR=0.969, 95%CI 0.953 to 0.985; OR=0.949, 95%CI 0.934 to 0.964); (2) Males’ SSC(3.67 ± 1.780) was significantly higher than that of females(3.36 ± 1.614), but its influence on AMHE of females was higher(OR=1.050, 95%CI 1.036 to 1.064); (3) The CSC ranking of IMs with different LSI levels was "mild(3.71 ± 2.096), moderate(3.71 ± 2.076), severe(3.42 ± 2.024)", there was no significant gender difference in CSC, and CSC was positively correlated with AMHE(OR=1.087, 95%CI 1.076 to 1.098), but gender and LSI had no significant moderating effect on it.Conclution: Gender and LSI were associated with social capital, but only the relationship between SSC and AMHE was moderated by them. SSC had both a main effect and a buffering effect, while CSC only showed a main effect. The government should pay attention to enhancing their positive identity to the city and at the same time improve their civic participation and social participation.
Anthropogenic influence on extreme precipitation over global land areas seen in multiple observational datasets
Authors: Madakumbura Gavin D. , Thackeray Chad W. , Norris Jesse , Goldenson Naomi , Hall Alex
Published: February 2021

Global climate models produce large increases in extreme precipitation when subject to anthropogenic forcing, but detecting this human influence in observations is challenging. Large internal variability makes the signal difficult to characterize. Models produce diverse precipitation responses to anthropogenic forcing, mirroring a variety of parameterization choices for subgrid-scale processes. And observations are inhomogeneously sampled in space and time, leading to multiple global datasets, each produced with a different homogenization technique. Thus, previous attempts to detect human influence on extreme precipitation have not incorporated internal variability or model uncertainty, and have been limited to specific regions and observational datasets. Using machine learning methods, we find a physically interpretable anthropogenic signal that is detectable in all global datasets. Detection occurs even when internal variability and model uncertainty are taken into account. Machine learning efficiently generates multiple lines of evidence supporting detection of an anthropogenic signal in extreme precipitation.
Genetic relatedness of multidrug resistant Escherichia coli isolated from humans, chickens and poultry environments
Authors: Aworh Mabel Kamweli , Kwaga Jacob K. P. , Hendriksen Rene S. , Okolocha Emmanuel C. , Thakur Siddhartha
Published: February 2021

Background: Inappropriate use of antimicrobial agents in animal production has led to the development of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in foodborne pathogens. Transmission of AMR foodborne pathogens from reservoirs, particularly chickens to the human population does occur. Recently, we reported that occupational exposure was a risk factor for multidrug-resistant (MDR) Escherichia coli (E. coli) among poultry-workers. Here we determined the prevalence and genetic relatedness among MDR E. coli isolated from poultry-workers, chickens, and poultry environments in Abuja, Nigeria. This study was conducted to address the gaps identified by the Nigerian AMR situation analysis.Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study among poultry-workers, chickens, and poultry farm/live bird market (LBM) environments. The isolates were tested phenotypically for their antimicrobial susceptibility profiles, genotypically characterized using whole-genome sequencing (WGS) and in silico multilocus sequence types (MLST). We conducted a phylogenetic single nucleotide polymorphism (SNPs) analysis to determine relatedness and clonality among the isolates. Results: A total of 115 (26.8%) out of 429 samples were positive for E. coli. Of these, 110 isolates were viable for phenotypic and genotypic characterization. The selection comprised 47 (42.7%) isolates from poultry-workers, 36 (32.7%) from chickens, and 27 (24.5%) from poultry-farm or LBM environments. Overall, 101 (91.8%) of the isolates were MDR conferring resistance to at least three drug classes. High frequency of resistance was observed for tetracycline (n = 102; 92.7%), trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (n = 93; 84.5%), streptomycin (n = 87; 79.1%) and ampicillin (n = 88; 80%). Two plasmid-mediated colistin genes – mcr-1.1 harboured on IncX4 plasmids were detected in environmental isolates. The most prevalent sequence types (ST) were ST-155 (n = 8), ST-48 (n = 8) and ST-10 (n = 6). Two isolates of human and environmental sources with a SNPs difference of 6161 originating from the same farm shared a novel ST. The isolates had similar AMR genes and plasmid replicons. Conclusion: MDR E.coli isolates were prevalent amongst poultry-workers, poultry, and the poultry farm/LBM environment. The emergence of MDR E. coli with novel ST in two isolates may be plasmid-mediated. Competent authorities should enforce AMR regulations to ensure prudent use of antimicrobials to limit the risk of transmission along the food chain.
Analyzing brain structural differences among undergraduates with different grades of self-esteem using multiple anatomical brain network
Authors: Peng Bo , Pang Gaofeng , Saxena Aditya , Liu Yan , Hu Baohua , Wang Suhong , Dai Yakang
Published: February 2021

Background: Self-esteem is the individual evaluation of oneself. People with high self-esteem grade have mental health and can bravely cope with the threats from the environment. With the development of neuroimaging techniques, researches on cognitive neural mechanisms of self-esteem are increased. Existing methods based on brain morphometry and single-layer brain network cannot characterize the subtle structural differences related to self-esteem. Method: To solve this issue, we proposed multiple anatomical brain network method based on multi-resolution region of interest (ROI) template to study the structural connections of self-esteem. The multiple anatomical brain network consist of ROI features and hierarchal brain network features that are extracted from structural MRI. For each layer, we calculated the correlation relationship between pairs of ROIs. In order to solve the high-dimensional problem caused by the large amount of network features, feature selection methods (t-test, mRMR, and SVM-RFE) are adopted to reduce the number of features while retaining discriminative information to the maximum extent. Multi-kernel SVM is employed to integrate the various types of features by appropriate weight coefficient. Result: The experimental results show that the proposed method can improve classification accuracy to 97.26% compared with single-layer brain network. Conclusions: The proposed method provides a new perspective for the analysis of brain structure differences of self-esteem, which also has potential guiding significance in other researches involved brain cognitive activity and brain disease diagnosis.
Differential effects of larval and adult nutrition on female survival, fecundity, and size of the yellow fever mosquito, Aedes aegypti
Authors: Yan Jiayue , Kibech Roumaissa , Stone Chris M.
Published: February 2021

Background: The yellow fever mosquito, Aedes aegypti, is the principal vector of medically-important infectious viruses that cause severe illness such as dengue fever, yellow fever and Zika. The transmission potential of mosquitoes for these arboviruses is largely shaped by their life history traits, such as size, survival and fecundity. These life history traits, to some degree, depend on environmental conditions, such as larval and adult nutrition (e.g., nectar availability). Both these types of nutrition are known to affect the energetic reserves and life history traits of adults, but whether and how nutrition obtained during larval and adult stages have an interactive influence on mosquito life history traits remains largely unknown. Results: Here, we experimentally manipulated mosquito diets to create two nutritional levels at larval and adult stages , that is, a high or low amount of larval food (HL or LL) during larval stage, and a good and poor adult food (GA or PA, represents normal or weak concentration of sucrose) during adult stage. We then compared the size, survival and fecundity of female mosquitoes reared from these nutritional regimes. We found that larval and adult nutrition affected size and survival, respectively, without interactions, while both larval and adult nutrition influenced fecundity. There was a positive relationship between fecundity and size. In addition, this positive relationship was not affected by nutrition. Conclusions: These findings highlight how larval and adult nutrition differentially influence female mosquito life history traits, suggesting that studies evaluating nutritional effects on vectorial capacity traits should account for environmental variation across life stages.
Region-specific distribution of Olig2-expressing astrocytes in adult mouse brain and spinal cord
Authors: Wang Hui , Xu Liang , Lai Chuying , Hou Kaiyu , Chen Junliang , Guo Yaowei , Sambangi Abhijeet , Swaminathan Shreya , Xie Chunming , Wu Zheng , Chen Gong
Published: February 2021

Olig2 is an important transcription factor essential for the specification and differentiation of oligodendrocytes as well as astrocytes and neurons during developmental stages. However, Olig2 distribution pattern and its relationship among different types of glial cells in the adult central nervous system (CNS) are not well characterized. Here, we systematically examined Olig2 expression pattern in combination with major markers of neurons and glial cells throughout the brain and spinal cord in the adult mice. As expected, Olig2 is universally expressed in oligodendrocytes and oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs), but not in neurons or microglia. Interestingly, we discover a subpopulation of Olig2-positive astrocytes that are highly enriched in some specific regions including the olfactory bulb, thalamus, midbrain, medulla, and spinal cord in the adult mice. Moreover, OPCs have high expression level of Olig2, whereas oligodendrocytes and astrocytes have similar level of Olig2 expression. Our results suggest that a distinct population of Olig2-positive astrocytes are highly concentrated in discrete regions in the adult CNS. Investigating the functional significance of these Olig2+ astrocytes in both resting state and pathological state of the brain and spinal cord may broaden our understanding on astrocytic heterogeneity and functions.
Editorial
Authors: Niesyto Horst
Published: February 2021

Das Online-Magazin wendet sich an die Hochschulöffentlichkeit der PHL und generell an Personen, die an medienpädagogischen Fragen interessiert sind und sich über die Aktivitäten in Ludwigsburg informieren möchten. Die LUDWIGSBURGER BEITRÄGE ZUR MEDIENPÄDAGOGIK starten im WS 2001/02 mit einer Ausgabe, die die Ringveranstaltung „Medienpädagogik in Ludwigsburg“ (Sommersemester 2001) dokumentiert.
Einführung in das Seminar
Authors: Niesyto Horst
Published: February 2021

Im Sommersemester 2001 fand an der PH Ludwigsburg eine Ringveranstaltung zum Thema „Medienpädagogik in Ludwigsburg“ statt. Die Veranstaltung hatte zwei Zielsetzungen: Eine Einführung für Studierende aus verschiedenen Studiengängen in den Gegenstandsbereich der Medienpädagogik sowie einen Überblick über das spezifische Profil der Medienpädagogik in Ludwigsburg.
Grundbildung Medien an der PH Ludwigsburg – Erste Zwischenbilanz und Evaluation.
Authors: Trüby Daniel
Published: February 2021

In diesem Beitrag werden die zentralen Ergebnisse der Online-Evaluation des Profils Grundbildung Medien, welche im Sommersemester 2017 durchgeführt wurde, vorgestellt und diskutiert.
Influencer Marketing – Gefahr für Kinder und Jugendliche? Eine Analyse.
Authors: Wollny Paul
Published: February 2021

Auf sozialen Plattformen wie Facebook, YouTube, Instagram & Co. werden einige Nutzer heute selbst zu Medienschaffenden: als Blogger, Fotografen oder Video-Produzenten. Einzelne Beteiligte erlangen dabei den Status einflussreicher Stars –mit teilweise beträchtlichem Einkommen. Dabei verschwimmen die Grenzen zwischen privat produzierten Inhalten und kommerziell ausgerichteten Kanälen, die sich durch vielfältige Werbe-Deals finanzieren. Zuschauern fällt es zunehmend schwerer, Inhalt und Werbung voneinander zu trennen –genau das fordern jedoch gesetzliche Re-gelungen wie der Rundfunkstaatsvertrag, die für Transparenz im Sinne des Verbraucherschutzes und fairen Wettbewerb sorgen sollen. Um das (neuartige) Phänomen des „Influencer Marketing“ zu bewerten, wird untersucht, wie es sich in verschiedenen Kontexten einordnen lässt: Welche Wirkungen können Werbung im allgemeinen zugeschrieben werden? Welche davon können übertragen werden? Welche Akteure sind beteiligt, welche Interessen und Gesetze spielen eine Rolle? Daraus folgend werden abschließend einige Möglichkeiten und Aufgaben der Medienpädagogik auf-gezeigt, die die Thematik an Kinder und Jugendliche vermitteln, aber womöglich auch aus gesamtgesellschaftlicher Perspektive betrachten sollte.
Fachdidaktik Medien und Informatik: Professionalisierung der Medienpädagogik in der Schweiz.
Authors: Hermida Martin , Schmid Regina
Published: February 2021

In der Deutschschweiz wird im Rahmen des neuen Lehrplans für die obligatorische Schulzeit flächendeckend ein Modul „Medien und Informatik” eingeführt. Dies führt einerseits zu einer Aufwertung der Medienpädagogik in der Schweiz und andererseits zu der Herausforderung, dass genügend passende Fachkräfte ausgebildet werden müssen. Mit dem neuen Masterstudiengang Fachdidaktik Medien und Informatikwird ein Beitrag geleistet, diese Herausforderung zu meistern. Im vorliegenden Beitrag wird eingangs die Fachdidaktik Medien und Informatik erläutert und darauf basierend die Konzeption des Masterstudienganges vorgestellt.
Wie stehen angehende Lehrkräfte dem Smartphone-Einsatz im Grundschulunterricht gegenüber?
Authors: Füting-Lippert Angelika , Pohlmann-Rother Sanna
Published: February 2021

Wie stehen Studierende des Lehramts an Grundschulen dem Einsatz des Smartphones im Unterricht gegenüber? In Gruppeninterviews wurden die Studierendenunter Berücksichtigung ihrer eigenen Smartphone-Nutzung dazu befragt. Im Ergebnis zeigen sich vier Typen bezüglich der eigenen Smartphone-Nutzung und der Potentialzuschreibung des Smartphones für den Einsatz in der Grundschule. Für drei Typen gilt, je intensiver und vielfältiger die Smartphone-Nutzung ist, desto positiver sehen die Studierenden den Smartphone-Einsatz im Unterricht. Mit dem vierten Typ zeigt sich darüber hinaus, dass mit einer intensiven Smartphone-Nutzung auch eine hohe Ablehnung des Smartphone-Einsatzes im Unterricht einhergehen kann.
Mit Hörspielen produktive und rezeptive Medienkompetenz erwerben und vermitteln.
Authors: Pfäfflin Sabine
Published: February 2021

In dem Beitrag wird beschrieben, wie Studierende an der Pädagogischen Hochschule Ludwigsburg lernen, Hörspiele in literaturwissenschaftlicher und literaturdidaktischer Hinsicht kriteriengeleitet zu beurteilen (Böckelmann 2002; Müller 2012; Pfäfflin 2015) und im Deutschunterricht zum literarischen Lernen und zur Förderung der Medienkompetenz einzusetzen. Dabei spielen, durch die spezifische Gestaltungsweise von Hörspielen als akustische Texte, auch fächerübergreifende Aspekte wie Zuhörförderung (Bernius/Imhof 2010) und Förderung der Offenohrigkeit (Louven/Ritter 2012) eine wichtige Rolle. Ferner lässt sich durch eigene Hörspielproduktionen auch die produktive Medienkompetenz von Studierenden und Schüler*innen erweitern. Als Beispiel hierfür wird ein Kooperationsprojekt vorgestellt, das in Kooperation mit dem Hörspielstudio des Südwestrundfunks in Baden-Baden entstanden ist: Studierende aus dem Hörspielseminar haben ein Hörspiel geschrieben und anschließend in Baden-Baden produziert.
Optimization and Study of the Response Surface of Properties for the Synthesis of ZSM-5 Zeolites with Hierarchical Pore Structure Obtained by Desilication
Authors: Mesa Holman , Faro Jr. Arnaldo , Rodrigues Victor
Published: February 2021

Hierarchical ZSM-5 zeolites were prepared by alkali treatment (desilication) at two temperatures, two reaction times, and two NaOH concentrations. A 23 factorial design was used to study the effect of these variables on the crystallinity, microporosity, and mesoporosity of the zeolite due to the desilication treatment. The factorial design analysis showed that the temperature, reaction time and NaOH concentration and the second order interaction between temperature and time have statistically significant effect on the micropore volume. On mesopore volumes (Vmeso) and areas (Smeso), the reaction time and NaOH concentration factors have statistically significant effects. In the case of mesopore volumes, the second order reaction time and NaOH concentration interaction factor are also significant. On the other hand, only the alkali concentration affected, negatively, the relative crystallinity. Two hierarchical ZSM-5 zeolites with the highest relative crystallinity and mesoporosity were selected and further characterized by inductively coupled plasma (ICP) analysis, 29Si nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), 27Al NMR, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy in the OH stretch region and pyridine adsorbed FTIR spectroscopy. NMR and FTIR results showed that the alkali treatment selectively removed silica from the zeolite framework, decreasing the SAR (silica-to-alumina ratio) values, while decreasing Brønsted acid site concentrations and increasing Lewis acid sites concentrations.