bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
How Social Media Marketing Impacts Darry Ring (DR)
Authors: Yu Hongyu
Published: March 2024

This essay analyzes to what extent does social media marketings the profit model, competitive advantage, target audience, product, and social media strategy of Darry Ring (DR), a Chinese jewelry brand that specializes in engagement and wedding rings. DR claims to be the world’s first brand that requires ID verification before purchasing a ring, and limits each customer to buy only one ring in their lifetime. DR’s slogan is “One True Love in a Lifetime”, and its mission statement is to promote the value of true love and commitment in the modern society. The essay shows that social media marketing helps DR to enhance its brand image, increase its brand awareness, and retain its customers. Social media marketing also helps DR to differentiate itself from other jewelry brands, and to create a loyal community of true love advocates. The essay concludes that social media marketing has a significant impact on DR’s business performance and success.
Analyzing the Strategic Impact of Zara’s Branding Strategies on Consumer Engagement and Market Position
Authors: Liu Siying , Huang Yingshun , Pan Qianhui
Published: March 2024

Zara is well-known in China as a leader in fast fashion brands. The brand has a large market share among apparel brands and consistently earns big profits. However, as a result of the pandemic, changes in buying patterns, and the growth of indigenous Chinese brands, the development of many overseas fashion companies in China has slowed, besides ZARA. Based on this context, this article explores the Zara fashion brand’s traditional strategy, including its profit model, competitive advantages, product functions, and marketing model. At the same time, a SWOT analysis model is established to help evaluate the brand’s strengths and weaknesses. The article proposes creative ideas, integrates the general environment, and uses social networks, media, and other technologies in order to carry forward the brand’s advantages, make the brand self-reform, and bring the brand as a whole closer to Chinese consumers, which can empower the brand. The suggestions that are provided in this article can fulfill the demands of local customers and maintain sustainable long-term brand growth.
Musik trifft Medizin: eine kraftvolle Verbindung für die Gesundheit
Authors: Pirlet-Berninger Ursula
Published: March 2024

In der Medizin wird Musik bei vielen Indikationen erfolgreich eingesetzt, etwa bei Herz-Kreislauf-Erkrankungen, zur Linderung von Schmerzen, bei neurologischen Störungen oder im Umgang mit Frühgeborenen. Auch bei der Stressbewältigung sowie zur Steigerung von Wohlbefinden und Entspannung kommt Musik zum Einsatz. Positive Effekte haben sowohl das Hören von Musik als auch das eigenständige Musizieren. Das große Therapieangebot der klassischen Musiktherapie bietet ein breites Spektrum spezieller therapeutischer Instrumente und deren Einsatzmöglichkeiten. Verschiedene Fallbeispiele zeigen exemplarisch, wie das Klavierspielen Patientinnen und Patienten bei der Krankheitsbewältigung helfen kann.
Demenzprävention
Authors: Kluckert Christian , Hüll Michael
Published: March 2024

Demenzerkrankungen sind häufig und werden in Zukunft weiter an Bedeutung
und Zahl gewinnen. Da in den meisten Fällen eine kausale Behandlung
jedoch nicht möglich ist, kommt der Prävention eine besondere
Bedeutung zu. Diese zielt dabei nicht allein auf kognitiv gesunde Personen,
sondern ist auch ein zentrales Element in allen Phasen der Erkrankung.
Long-term Follow-Up and Regeneration of Retinal Pigment Epithelium (RPE) after Tears of the Epithelium in Exudative Age-Related Macular Degeneration (AMD)
Authors: Skalicky Nicolas , Hatz-Wurziger Katja
Published: March 2024

Background The goals of this study are to evaluate potential long-term visual deterioration associated with retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) tears in patients with neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) and to find treatment-related and morphological factors that might influence the outcomes.

Patients and Methods This retrospective study enrolled 21 eyes of 21 patients from the database of Vista Eye Clinic Binningen, Switzerland, diagnosed with RPE tears, as confirmed by spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT), with a minimum follow-up period of 12 months. Treatment history before and after RPE rupture with anti-VEGF therapy, visual acuity, and imaging (SD-OCT) were analyzed and statistically evaluated for possible correlations.

Results Mean patient age was 80.5 ± 6.2 years. The mean length of total follow-up was 39.7 ± 13.9 months. The mean pigment epithelial detachment (PED) height increased by 363.8 ± 355.5 µm from the first consultation to 562.8 ± 251.5 µm at the last consultation prior to rupture. Therefore, a higher risk of RPE rupture is implied as a result of an increase in PED height (p = 0.004, n = 14). The mean visual acuity before rupture was 66.2 ± 16.0 letters. Mean visual acuity deteriorated to 60.8 ± 18.6 letters at the first consultation after rupture (p = 0.052, n = 21). A statistically nonsignificant decrease in vision was noted in the follow-up period. After 2 years, the mean BCVA decreased by 10.5 ± 23.7 ETDRS letters (p = 0.23, n = 19). PED characteristics before rupture and amount of anti-VEGF injections after rupture did not affect the visual outcome. None of the 21 patients included in our study showed a visual improvement in the long-term follow-up. RPE atrophy
increased significantly from 3.35 ± 2.94 mm2 (baseline) to 6.81 ± 6.25 mm2 over the course of 2 years (p = 0.000 013, n = 20).

Conclusions The overall mean vision decrease after rupture was without statistical significance. There was no significant change in BCVA at the 2-year follow-up, independent of the amount of anti-VEGF injections provided. In this study, there was a significant increase in RPE defect over a follow-up of 2 years, implying progression of contraction of RPE and/or macular atrophy.
Wenn der Körper singt: Atem, Stimme und Bewegung
Authors: Kraus-Geiges Stephanie , McMurtrie Imke
Published: March 2024

Die Stimme verleiht Menschen Ausdruckskraft. In speziellen Seminaren werden Körper und Stimme trainiert, um Entspannung und eine achtsame Zuwendung zu sich selbst zu fördern. Die Klangwellen der Stimme haben das Potenzial, die Körpersysteme, vom muskuloskelettalen bis hin zum Hormon- und Nervensystem, in Harmonie zu bringen. Erste Untersuchungen stellen einen Zusammenhang zwischen Stimme und Herzratenvariabilität her.
Power of Life Dance – Lebenslust oder körperorientierte Psychotherapie?
Authors: Böttcher Cornelia
Published: March 2024

Tanz hat eine heilsame Wirkung auf die Psyche und den Körper. In Studien wurden positive Effekte bei Depressionen, Autismus, schizophrenen und somatoformen Störungen sowie eine Verbesserung der Symptomatik bei chronischen Schmerzen nachgewiesen. Beim Tanzen werden im Zusammenspiel mit der Musik Gefühle angesprochen und über den Körper ausgedrückt. Power of Life Dance (POL) ist eine Methode, die sich diese Effekte zunutze macht. Durch freie Bewegung zur Musik ohne erlernte Tanzschritte oder feste Muster wird die Lebensfreude angesprochen und tiefgreifende Heilungsprozesse werden in Gang gesetzt. POL kommt unter anderem in der Persönlichkeitsentwicklung, im Teambuilding, aber auch bei Patient*innen mit psychischen Störungen oder Schmerzen zum Einsatz.
Musiktherapie im chinesischen Kulturraum
Authors: Mastnak Wolfgang
Published: March 2024

Setzt man sich mit Musiktherapie im chinesischen Kulturraum auseinander, so stellt sich zunächst die Frage, was damit gemeint ist. Denn das Feld ist extrem facettenreich und umfasst traditionelle Musik in westlich ausgerichteten Kliniken ebenso wie musiktherapeutische Modelle, die auf TCM oder daoistischen Weisheiten beruhen. Zudem gibt es eine Fülle musikbasierter Heilriten ethnischer Minoritäten oder die musiktherapeutische Förderung sozialer Integration und Persönlichkeitsentwicklung chinesischer Kinder in Deutschland. Dies alles systematisch aufzuarbeiten, würde Bände füllen. Deshalb beleuchtet dieser Beitrag repräsentative Modelle und Praktiken, die eine Idee vom Wesen „chinesischer Musiktherapie“ vermitteln sollen.
Digestive neo-epithelialization after endoscopic stenting for upper digestive tract complete disunion
Authors: Ouazzani Sohaib , Lemmers Arnaud , Gonzalez Jean-Michel , Closset Jean , El Moussaoui Imad , Devière Jacques , Barthet Marc
Published: March 2024

Background Complete digestive disunion due to anastomotic necrosis is considered a contraindication to endoscopic repair. However, recent publications have suggested that endoscopic treatment by insertion of a self-expandable metal stent (SEMS) is possible. The report of this patient series aims to demonstrate the use of endoscopic management in selected cases with complete digestive disunion.

Methods Seven consecutive patients with complete and circumferential upper gastrointestinal anastomotic disunion were treated at two European tertiary care centers between 2009 and 2021 by endoscopic insertion of an SEMS. Treatment was performed with a therapeutic gastroscope under general anesthesia, carbon dioxide insufflation, and fluoroscopic guidance, after surgical or percutaneous drainage.

Results All patients were successfully treated by endoscopic insertion of fully or partially covered SEMS left in place for a median of 8 weeks, with a median of 3 endoscopic sessions. Digestive neo-epithelialization was associated with a restored circumferential gut lumen in all cases. The rate of stent migration was 23% and three patients (43%) experienced symptomatic strictures, which were successfully treated by endoscopic dilation.

Conclusion Complete digestive rupture could be successfully treated by endoscopy in selected cases, adding proof-of-concept data regarding guided tissue regeneration alongside SEMS placement.
NHC-Mediated Photochemical/Electrochemical Synthesis of Carbonyl Compounds
Authors: Tang Hai-Tao , Yu Hao-Ran , Pan Ying-Ming , Cui Fei-Hu
Published: March 2024

Great progress has been made in the photochemical/electrochemical reactions of carbonyl compounds catalyzed by N-heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs), allowing for many incredible reactions. The form of active intermediates hugely varies in different reactions. Under light or electricity, different active intermediates can be generated during NHC-catalyzed reactions depending on their interaction with different substrates and the reaction conditions. Intermediates can be converted into α,β-unsaturated acylazoliums, Breslow intermediates, homoenolates, and acylazoliums and subsequently undergo single- or double-electron conversions. This study reviews the different active intermediates formed by NHC in photochemical/electrochemical catalysis.

1 Introduction

2 NHC-Mediated Photoreactions

3 NHC-Mediated Electrochemical Reactions

4 Conclusion and Prospects
Bioorthogonal Chemistry at Radboud University: Past, Present and Future
Authors: Rutjes Floris P. J. T. , Bonger Kimberly M. , Neumann Kevin
Published: March 2024

Over the past two decades, bioorthogonal chemistry has profoundly impacted various chemistry-related fields, including chemical biology and drug delivery. This transformative progress stems from collaborative efforts involving chemists and biologists, underscoring the importance of interdisciplinary research. In this Account, we present the developments in bioorthogonal chemistry within our Institute for Molecules and Materials at Radboud University. The chemistry disclosed here spans from strained alkynes and alkenes to drug release and bioconjugation strategies, mirroring the extensive scope provided by bioorthogonal chemistry. By reflecting on the chemistry originating at Radboud University, this Account emphasizes that teamwork is essential for driving significant progress in bioorthogonal chemistry.

1 Introduction

2 Providing BCN as a Robust Bioorthogonal Tool for Chemical Biology and Beyond

3 Towards Readily Available Click-to-Release trans-Cyclooctenes

4 Giving Molecules Guidance

5 Next Generation of Bioconjugation Strategies: Dynamic Click Chemistry

6 Conclusions
Developing Systems of Emergency and Inpatient Neurologic Care in Resource-Limited Settings
Authors: Shrestha Gentle Sunder , Nepal Gaurav , Prust Morgan Lippitt
Published: March 2024

Neurologic diseases represent a significant global health challenge, leading to disability and mortality worldwide. Healthcare systems in low- and middle-income countries are disproportionally affected. In these resource-limited settings, numerous barriers hinder the effective delivery of emergency and inpatient neurologic care, including shortages of trained personnel, limited access to diagnostics and essential medications, inadequate facilities, and absence of rehabilitation services. Disparities in the neurology workforce, limited access to neuroimaging, and availability of acute interventions further exacerbate the problem. This article explores strategies to enhance global capacity for inpatient neurologic care, emphasizing the importance of workforce development, context-specific protocols, telehealth solutions, advocacy efforts, and collaborations.
Concordance rate between oligoclonal bands and the Kappa index in patients with suspected multiple sclerosis (MS)
Authors: Domingues Renan Barros , Santos Márcio Vega dos , Salomão Daiane , Senne Carlos
Published: March 2024

Background Oligoclonal bands (OCBs) and Kappa free light chains (FLCs) in the cerebrospinal ﬂuid (CSF) are sensitive markers of intrathecal immunoglobulin (Ig)G synthesis in patients with multiple sclerosis.

Objective To evaluate the concordance rate between OCBCs and the Kappa index (KI) in patients with suspected multiple sclerosis (MS).

Methods Patients with suspected MS were referred to a specialized CSF laboratory as part of their diagnostic investigation. Paired CSF and serum samples were collected and submitted to detection of OCBs and determination of the KI. Positive and negative results were determined with both methods, and the percentage of agreement between them was established.

Results In total, 171 serum and CSF samples from 171 patients were included in the analysis. The mean age of the patients was of 40 ± 14.2 years; 18.9% of them were male, and 81.1% were female. The OCBs and KI presented concordant results in 161 (94.2%) samples: in 74 (43.3%), both were positive, and in 87 (50.9%), both were negative. In 10 cases, the results were discrepant: KI positive/OCB negative in 8 and OCB positive/KI negative in 2 cases.

Conclusion The KI and OCBs presented high concordance level. Currently, the detection of OCBs in the CSF is the standard method for MS diagnosis, but it is time-consuming, and its visual interpretation can be difficult. The results suggest that the KI is a good alternative for the detection of intrathecal immunoproduction in cases of suspected MS.
Interventional Radiology Management of Pediatric Liver Tumors
Authors: Kim Tammy , Shaikh Raja
Published: March 2024

Pediatric liver tumors are not only rare, they are also different from the adult liver tumors. Hepatoblastomas and hepatocellular carcinomas (HCCs) are the most common primary malignant tumors seen in children. Fibrolamellar HCC, sarcomas, cholangiocarcinoma, germ cell tumor, and rhabdoid tumor and metastatic tumors comprise the remainder of liver malignancies. Hepatic infantile hemangiomas, mesenchymal hamartoma, regenerative nodules, adenomas, and focal nodular hyperplasia are the common benign liver tumors of childhood. The Pediatric Hepatic International Tumour Trial (PHITT) is an international trial with the goal of evaluating new and existing treatments for pediatric liver tumors. Chemotherapy, surgery, and liver transplantation are well-established in the management of pediatric liver tumors. In the background of increasing incidence of pediatric tumors, and availability of newer, less invasive modalities to treat tumors, it is vital to understand the role of interventional radiology in the management of pediatric liver tumors.
Underrepresented and Underserved Populations in Neurological Research
Authors: Windon Charles C. , Jackson Ashley J. , Aguirre Gloria A. , Tucker Miwa , Amuiri Alinda , Hill-Jarrett Tanisha , Chen Miranda , Pina Escuedro Stefanie D. , Lieu Kevin , Lopez Lucia , Mei Diana , Tee Boon Lead , Watson Caitlin W. , Agwu Chidera , Kramer Joel , Lanata Serggio
Published: March 2024

Underserved and underrepresented populations have historically been excluded from neurological research. This lack of representation has implications for translation of research findings into clinical practice given the impact of social determinants of health on neurological disease risk, progression, and outcomes. Lack of inclusion in research is driven by individual-, investigator-, and study-level barriers as well as larger systemic injustices (e.g., structural racism, discriminatory practices). Although strategies to increase inclusion of underserved and underrepresented populations have been put forth, numerous questions remain about the most effective methodology. In this article, we highlight inclusivity patterns and gaps among the most common neurological conditions and propose best practices informed by our own experiences in engagement of local community organizations and collaboration efforts to increase underserved and underrepresented population participation in neurological research.
Menstruation-Related Angina—The Wee Hours
Authors: Goyette Sandy , Mishra Tulika , Raza Farah , Naqvi Zahra , Khan Sarah , Khan Abrar , Igman Pamphil , Bhat Malpe Surekha
Published: March 2024

Literature reveals two kinds of menstruation-related anginas—cardiac syndrome X (CSX) and catamenial angina. CSX generally occurs in perimenopausal or postmenopausal women; catamenial angina affects females from puberty to menopause with existing/preexisting or predisposed to coronary artery disease. CSX involves recurring anginal-type retrosternal chest pains during exercise or rest with no significant findings on angiogram. Catamenial angina is menstruation-associated recurrent nonexertional left-sided chest pain alongside diaphoresis, hot flushes, and persistent lethargy. Pathophysiology of both anginas revolve around decreased levels of estrogen. Estrogen is known to act via genomic and nongenomic pathways on cardiomyocytes, endothelial cells, and smooth muscle cells to exert its cardioprotective effect. These cardioprotective effects could be lost during the postovulation phase and at the end of menstruation as well as during perimenopause or menopause owing to the decreased levels of estrogen. Evaluation should begin with a history and physical examination and focus on noninvasive tests such as exercise tolerance test, electrocardiogram, and echocardiogram. Reducing symptoms that cause discomfort and improving quality of life should be the main goal in management. Nitrates along with β blockers and analgesics for pain are the main pharmacologic modalities. Exercise training, smoking cessation, weight loss, and dietary changes are nonpharmacological modalities. Proper awareness and effective communication with patients or caregivers can lead to early diagnosis and treatment initiation.
Excision of the Distal Pole of the Scaphoid and the Midcarpal Joint
Authors: Izard Paul , Parody Nicholas , Glickel Steven , Yassin Sallie , Wollstein Ronit
Published: March 2024

Background Excision of the distal pole of the scaphoid is used to treat arthritis of the scaphotrapezial trapezoid (STT), radioscaphoid joint, and arthritis following scaphoid nonunion. Some patients develop midcarpal instability limiting utilization of this technique. Why some wrists develop postoperative instability while others do not, remains unclear.

Questions/Purposes To identify the wrists prone to developing midcarpal joint instability we evaluated the effect of midcarpal joint structure on force transfer through the wrist, we hypothesized that the force transfer will be further altered when a distal pole excision is performed and that midcarpal joint structure will affect force transfer.

Patients and Methods We used finite element analysis based on 19 computer tomography wrist scans. Nine type 1 (lunate has a facet with the capitate alone) and 10 type 2 (lunate has facets with both the capitate and hamate) models were prepared. A 200 N force was evenly split and applied to the dorsal crests of the trapezoid and capitate (100 N along each crest) to replicate the performance of a knuckle push-up. Displacement of the trapezoid, trapezium, scaphoid, capitate, and hamate was measured along each axis after the applied load. The simulation model was used to predict motion at the capitate and STT joint with excision of the distal pole.

Results Excision of the distal pole of the scaphoid affected the transfer of forces significantly (∼200% all bones in all directions) in all wrists. There are significant differences in force transfer between type 1 and type 2 wrists in the amount of force transferred (type 1 > type 2), in the percent difference from an intact wrist (type 1 > type 2) and in the direction of displacement (type 1 the bones moved in different directions while type 2 wrists moved as one block).

Conclusion This study suggests that midcarpal joint structure affects force transfer through the wrist and may predict wrist behavior following excision of the distal pole of the scaphoid. Specifically, type 1 wrists may be more prone to midcarpal joint collapse after excision.

Level of evidence: 1.
Central Pancreatectomy: Balancing between the Favorable Functional Results and the Increased Associated Morbidity
Authors: Symeonidis Dimitrios , Paraskeva Ismini , Samara Athina A. , Kissa Labrini , Valaroutsos Alexandros , Petsa Eleana , Tepetes Konstantinos
Published: March 2024

Introduction Central pancreatectomy (CP) represents an organ-preserving type of pancreatic resection. The procedure has been associated with improved long-term functional results, but increased postoperative morbidity rates, compared with the more radical resection types. The purpose of the present study was to present the outcomes of three consecutive CPs performed in our department.

Materials and Methods Between January 2021 and January 2022, three patients (A, B, and C) were submitted to a CP in our department. Relevant patient data including data of the detailed preoperative assessment, operations notes, and recovery charts were prospectively collected and reviewed for all subjects. A scheduled follow-up, at the outpatient clinic, was conducted to assess the long-term functional results.

Results The postoperative course of patient A, a 56-year-old male, was complicated by a grade C postoperative pancreatic fistula that required a reoperation. Patient B, a 66-year-old female, developed a biochemical leak that resolved spontaneously while patient C, a 64-year-old male, had a completely uneventful recovery. The length of hospital stay for the three patients was 24, 12, and 8 days, respectively. Regarding the long-term results, patient B was lost to follow-up while both patient A and C were followed up, as outpatients, 21 and 10 months after the operation. During follow-up, in patient A, we did not record the presence of symptoms consistent with pancreatic exocrine insufficiency, the hemoglobin A1C (HbA1C) levels were 7.1% while no additional medications were needed to be prescribed to maintain the glycemic control following surgery. In patient C, a significant weight loss was recorded (body mass index reduction of 11 kg/m2) without however the presence of malabsorption-specific symptoms. The HbA1C levels were 7.7% and optimal glycemic control was achieved with oral antiglycemic agents alone.

Conclusion CP should be regarded as a type of pancreatic resection with certain and very limited oncological indications. An approach of balancing the advantages out of the superior postoperative functional results with the drawbacks of the increased procedure-associated morbidity could highlight the patient group that could potentially experience benefits out of this limited type of resection.
Lobbying transparency and attitudes towards interest groups: a survey experiment
Authors: Crepaz Michele
Published: March 2024

Despite the growing interest for lobbying in public opinion research, little is known about citizen’s attitudes towards interest groups, especially after legislation making lobbying transparent is passed. Using data from a pre-registered survey experiment conducted with a panel of 569 participants from the Republic of Ireland, this study shows that when exposed to information about lobbying conducted by Non-Governmental Organisations (NGOs) and business organisations, citizens do not improve their evaluations of interest groups. Surprisingly, against the general expectations found in the transparency literature, information about lobbying does not trigger positive changes in attitudes. A post hoc analysis of the participants’ reactions to the transparency treatment reveals that citizens may have little interest or understanding of political activities such as lobbying. The study, however, also reveals that lobbying transparency does not backfire producing unexpected negative effects. This adds a new perspective to the recent debate on how public opinion responds to interest group behaviour.
Influence of Zr aggregation on Li-ion conductivity of amorphous solid-state electrolyte Li–La–Zr–O
Authors: Zhang Dexin , You Yiwei , Zhao Chundong , Cao Xinrui , Lü Tie-Yu , Zhu Zi-Zhong , Wu Shunqing
Published: March 2024

In our study, we investigated the influence of the local structure of amorphous Li–La–Zr–O (a-LLZO) on Li-ion conductivity using ab initio molecular dynamics (AIMD). A-LLZO has shown promising properties in inhibiting the growth of lithium dendrites, making it a potential candidate for solid electrolytes in all-solid-state lithium batteries. The low Li-ion conductivity of a-LLZO is currently limiting its practical applications. Our findings revealed that the homogeneous distribution of Zr–O polyhedra within the pristine structure of a-LLZO contributes to enhanced Li-ion conductivity. By reducing the interconnections among Zr–O polyhedra, the AIMD-simulated a-LLZO sample achieved a Li-ion conductivity of 5.78 × 10−4 S/cm at room temperature, which is slightly lower than that of cubic LLZO (c-LLZO) with a Li-ion conductivity of 1.63 × 10−3 S/cm. Furthermore, we discovered that Li-ion conductivity can be influenced by adjusting the elemental ratios within a-LLZO. This suggests that fine-tuning the composition of a-LLZO can potentially further enhance its Li-ion conductivity and optimize its performance as a solid electrolyte in lithium batteries.
Visualization investigation of the motion of rags in a double blades pump
Authors: Ren Yun , Zhao Lianzheng , Mo Xiaofan , Zheng Shuihua , Yang Youdong
Published: March 2024

Accumulation of fibrous materials often leads to pump clogging in wastewater systems. Visualizing these clogging phenomena helps identify ways to reduce the risk. In this study, we analyze a double blades pump made of acrylic glass using a fast digital camera to record the motion of rags inside. Recordings at three rotational speeds investigate the impact of rag materials, sizes, and quantities on their passage through the pump. Results show that smaller rags pass through the pump more quickly. At the same rotational speed and with the same material, the maximum passage time increases by over 100% compared to the shortest passage time. Additionally, rags flow more rapidly at high impeller speeds. At low speeds, rags tend to linger inside the impeller or stick to the pump casing’s tongue. The passage time at high speed is about 10% less than at lower speeds. Furthermore, under the same mass concentration, larger rags with fewer quantities are more prone to clogging than smaller rags with greater quantities. The proportion of larger rags with fewer quantities smoothly leaving the pump is about 10% less than that of smaller rags with greater quantities.
Intermittent discharge in a complex stripe pattern in dielectric barrier discharge
Authors: Li Yaohua , Wang Yue , Pan Yuyang , Tian Miao , Zhang Jianhua , Dong Lifang
Published: March 2024

The intermittent discharge that filament only discharges once in a cycle rather than once every half-cycle is observed in all the three substructures of the (bright spots)–(dark spots)-halo stripe pattern (BDHSP) in dielectric barrier discharge. The discharge characteristics are investigated by a high-speed video camera, an intensified charge-coupled device camera, and two photomultiplier tubes. It is found that the direction of the stripe choose to form in BDHSP is determined by the direction in which the surface discharge is stronger in the square pattern. The spatiotemporal dynamics results of BDHSP suggest that bright spot (B) discharges in this half-cycle, and the dark spot (D) and the halo (H) discharge in the next half-cycle of the applied voltage, which is intermittent discharge. Combined with the analysis in the electric field simulation, it can be concluded that the intermittent discharge is the result of the mutual influence between the directional selective surface discharge induced by bright spots and dark spots. Overall, the BDHSP is formed by the self-organization of the wall charge under the interaction between the plasma physical processes and the spatial distribution. The discovery of the intermittent discharge provides insight and enlightenment for the study of plasma physics.
Identification and dynamic monitoring of electrospinning jet assisted by coaxial laser
Authors: Jiang Jiaxin , Sun Zhengtao , Shi Zheyu , Chen Huatan , Wang Xiang , Zheng Gaofeng , Ye Ruifang , Li Wenwang
Published: March 2024

The accurate and rapid detection and recognition of jet features are key to dynamic monitoring and online control of the electrospinning process. In this study, a real-time recognition system based on OpenCV was introduced into a coaxial laser-assisted electrospinning system to solve the difficulties of accurate jet recognition and to promote an image processing algorithm response. The jet images with laser assistance were more clearly visible than those without laser assistance, and a significant contrast in grayscale levels existed in the jet image to help distinguish jet features. Subsequently, separate algorithms were designed for the jet visible length calculation, and the recognized visible length of the jet and algorithm running speed were compared. The average visible length of the jet with laser assistance was 11.49 mm, which increased by 1.59 mm compared to that without laser assistance. In addition, the running time of the algorithm with laser assistance was 24.89 ms, reduced by 14.84 ms compared to that without laser assistance, indicating the effectiveness of laser assistance to promote the accuracy and running speed of the jet image recognition process. Additionally, real-time detection of the jet angles was achieved to identify instances of excessive deflection during the electrospinning process. Overall, this study has significant potential to promote the dynamic monitoring of an electrospinning jet.
On reduced-order modeling of gas–solid flows using deep learning
Authors: Li Shuo , Duan Guangtao , Sakai Mikio
Published: March 2024

Reduced-order models (ROMs) have been extensively employed to understand complex systems efficiently and adequately. In this study, a novel parametric ROM framework is developed to produce Eulerian–Lagrangian simulations. This study employs two typical parametric strategies to reproduce the physical phenomena of a gas–solid flow by predicting the adequate dynamics of modal coefficients in the ROM: (i) based on the radial-basis function (RBF) interpolation, termed ROM-RBF and (ii) based on a long–short term memory (LSTM) neural network, termed ROM-LSTM. In the ROM, an advanced technique, namely, Lanczos-based proper orthogonal decomposition (LPOD), is employed to efficiently transform numerical snapshots into the modal coefficients. Validation tests are conducted in a typical gas–solid flow system such as a spouted bed. The coherent structures of the gas–solid flows are shown to be captured by the LPOD technique. Besides, in comparison with the high-fidelity simulations, our proposed ROMs are shown to simulate the gas–solid flows by significantly reducing the calculation time by several orders of magnitude and faithfully predicting the macroscopic properties. In particular, compared to the ROM-RBF, the ROM-LSTM can capture the flow fields more accurately within the gas–solid flows.
Wettability alteration of quartz sand using Z-type Langmuir–Blodgett hydrophobic films
Authors: Suleimanov Baghir A. , Abbasov Hakim F.
Published: March 2024

This paper presents the results of a study of the effect of sand treatment on its filtration and wetting properties by applying Langmuir multimolecular film coatings of fatty acids. It has been established that the coefficient of water filtration through sand treated with a 2% solution of stearic acid in chloroform is reduced by 82%. It is shown that a change in the filtration properties of sand is associated with an alteration in the wettability of sand from water-wet to oil-wet due to the formation of oriented Z-type Langmuir–Blodgett hydrophobic films on the surface of sand grains. The effective permeability of sand for water decreases after the formation of hydrophobic Langmuir–Blodgett Z-type films and waterflooding becomes more effective. Treatment of sand with palmitic and oleic acids, as well as simple mixing of sand with a 2% solution of stearic acid in chloroform, has little effect on the filtration properties of sand. COMSOL multiphysics simulation of filtration process and oil displacement in treated and untreated sand with fatty acid was used.
Diffuse basis functions for explicitly correlated calculations on the heavy p-block: aug-cc-pVnZ-PP-F12 sets for Ga–Kr, In–Xe, and Tl–Rn
Authors: Hill J. Grant
Published: March 2024

New aug-cc-pVnZ-PP-F12 basis sets (n = D, T, Q) for the heavy p-block elements, Ga–Kr, In–Xe, and Tl–Rn, have been developed by augmenting the cc-pVnZ-PP-F12 sets with additional higher angular momentum diffuse functions. These basis sets have been optimized for use in explicitly correlated F12 calculations, and matching auxiliary basis sets for density fitting of conventional and F12 integrals have also been developed. The new sets have been validated with benchmark CCSD(T)-F12b calculations of electron affinities, where an accelerated convergence to the complete basis set limit is evident. The effect of the additional diffuse functions on electron affinities is shown to be comparable to the effect of correlating the outer-core d electrons.
Comparative study of fractional Newell–Whitehead–Segel equation using optimal auxiliary function method and a novel iterative approach
Authors: Xin Xiao , khan Ibrar , Ganie Abdul Hamid , Akgül Ali , Bonyah Ebenezer , Fathima Dowlath , Ali Yousif Badria Almaz
Published: March 2024

This research explores the solution of the time-fractional Newell–Whitehead–Segel equation using two separate methods: the optimal auxiliary function method and a new iterative method. The Newell–Whitehead–Segel equation holds significance in modeling nonlinear systems, particularly in delineating stripe patterns within two-dimensional systems. Employing the Caputo fractional derivative operator, we address two case study problems pertaining to this equation through our proposed methods. Comparative analysis between the numerical results obtained from our techniques and an exact solution reveals a strong alignment. Graphs and tables illustrate this alignment, showcasing the effectiveness of our methods. Notably, as the fractional orders vary, the results achieved at different fractional orders are compared, highlighting their convergence toward the exact solution as the fractional order approaches an integer. Demonstrating both interest and simplicity, our proposed methods exhibit high accuracy in resolving diverse nonlinear fractional order partial differential equations.
Vibration analysis of a permanent magnet synchronous generator considering electromagnetic vibration sources under AC and DC load conditions
Authors: Jung Woo-sung , Lee Hoon-Ki , Yang Jun-Won , Kim Kyong-Hwan , Park Ji-Yong , Shin Kyung-Hun , Choi Jang-Young
Published: March 2024

As the performance of permanent-magnet synchronous generators improves, research on device noise is also becoming important. This study analyzes the causes of electromagnetic noise, such as the back electromotive force, cogging torque, torque ripple, unbalanced magnetic force, and harmonics that occur during operation for each DC and AC load. In particular, it shows that the influence of the waterfall diagram changes depending on the harmonic order of the torque ripple. By combining 2D finite element analysis and 3D mechanical analysis, electromagnetic analysis can be used to analyze the noise-generating relationship. Based on the analysis results, the electromagnetic noise generation results depending on the load are presented. The electromagnetic performance and mechanical reliability of the designed model were verified by comparing the finite element method and experimental results.
Biodiversity patterns of macrofauna associated with Halodule wrightii (Ascherson) in meadows of north-eastern Brazil
Authors: Vieira Maria L. M. , Nunes Souza João V. , Feitosa João L. L. , De Assis José E. , Souza José R. B.
Published: March 2024

Context Seagrass meadows are highly productive habitats with a vast species diversity that perform multiple ecosystem services. The fauna associated with these environments is responsible for many of the ecosystem services. Therefore, the fauna composition and functional characteristics should be considered in studies addressing seagrass meadows. Aims This study aimed to evaluate the differences in the taxonomic and functional compositions of the macrofauna associated with Halodule wrightii (Ascherson) meadows subject to different settings of habitat characteristics in the shallow coastal regions of the north-eastern coast of Brazil. Methods We used the Hill diversity series to estimate taxonomic diversity, whereas functional diversity was estimated through biological-trait analyses. Key results Distinct patterns of taxonomic and functional diversities were observed among meadows. However, the composition of functional traits diverged more. Lower taxonomic and functional diversity were observed in the Suape meadows, with values mainly related to the low organic matter content. Catuama meadows presented opposite results, associated with higher organic matter and plant density. Conclusions The meadow heterogeneity can influence the associated macrofauna and its functional characteristics. Implications These results are highly relevant for predicting the consequences of changes in seagrass meadows and how this affects the functioning of these ecosystems.
KCTD10 regulates brain development by destabilizing brain disorder–associated protein KCTD13
Authors: Cheng Jianbo , Wang Zhen , Tang Manpei , Zhang Wen , Li Guozhong , Tan Senwei , Mu Chenjun , Hu Mengyuan , Zhang Dan , Jia Xiangbin , Wen Yangxuan , Guo Hui , Xu Dan , Liu Liang , Li Jiada , Xia Kun , Li Faxiang , Duan Ranhui , Xu Zhiheng , Yuan Ling
Published: March 2024

KCTD10 belongs to the KCTD (potassiumchannel tetramerization domain) family, many members of which are associated with neuropsychiatric disorders. However, the biological function underlying the association with brain disorders remains to be explored. Here, we reveal that Kctd10 is highly expressed in neuronal progenitors and layer V neurons throughout brain development.Kctd10deficiency triggers abnormal proliferation and differentiation of neuronal progenitors, reduced deep-layer (especially layer V) neurons, increased upper-layer neurons, and lowered brain size. Mechanistically, we screened and identified a unique KCTD10-interacting protein, KCTD13, associated with neurodevelopmental disorders. KCTD10 mediated the ubiquitination-dependent degradation of KCTD13 and KCTD10 ablation resulted in a considerable increase of KCTD13 expression in the developing cortex. KCTD13 overexpression in neuronal progenitors led to reduced proliferation and abnormal cell distribution, mirroring KCTD10 deficiency. Notably, mice with brain-specificKctd10knockout exhibited obvious motor deficits. This study uncovers the physiological function of KCTD10 and provides unique insights into the pathogenesis of neurodevelopmental disorders.
‘Where have you been hiding this voice?’
Authors: Migdadi Fathi , Badarneh Muhammad A. , Qudaisat Areej
Published: March 2024

This study explores compliments given by judges to contestants on the TV talent show Arab Idol. A
total of 120 comments from the third season 2014–2015 were analyzed for compliment types, structures, lexicon, and supportive
remarks. Spenser-Oatey’s (2000, 2002, 2005a, 2005b, 2008) rapport management theory was employed to determine how judges managed rapport with contestants
through compliments. The analysis shows that the majority of judges’ compliments on the show were explicit
compliments that were based on three syntactic patterns and four types of positive semantic carriers conveying
complimenting adjectives, verbs, nouns, and adverbs. A smaller category of implicit compliments involved such
strategies as comparison/contrast, rhetorical questions, and
praising contestant’s country. Both categories were typically qualified by supportive or weakening elements
such as repetition, encouragement, and criticism, resulting in a third category
of ‘macro-compliments’. The study shows that rapport management accounts to a large extent for the judges’
complimenting behavior.
Investigation on the influence of temperature-variation clearance on the frequency of rolling bearing defects
Authors: An Wenjie , Gu Yanling , Chen Changzheng , Zheng Hao , Tian Miao
Published: March 2024

The clearance between the inner ring (IR) of rolling bearing and rotor is directly proportional to the temperature rise. The increased friction between the IR and rotor, as well as changes in the frequency of rolling bearing defects, and the accuracy of bearing health monitoring decreases. Existing research cannot effectively solve this problem. In response to the above issues, in this paper, the clearance between the bearing IR and the rotor and the internal clearance of bearing were considered, and the clearance was considered as the motion boundary of the rotor inside the IR, dynamic models of the bearing IR, outer ring (OR), and rolling element defects were established, and the trend of rolling bearing defects frequencies with temperature was analyzed, then the rationality of the dynamic models were verified through experimental methods. The research results show that the friction between the rotor and the IR increases with increasing temperature, and the speed of the IR decreases accordingly. The characteristic frequencies of defects in the IR, OR, and rolling element of rolling bearings have decreased by approximately 6.42%, 8.07%, and 6.93% compared to the theoretical values without considering temperature, respectively. This indicates that when identifying the frequency of rolling bearing defects at different temperatures, the frequency deviation caused by the increase in clearance between the IR and the rotor should be considered. The research results may serve as an important basis for fault diagnosis and condition monitoring of rolling bearings.
Light-driven small-scale soft robots: material, design and control
Authors: Ma Yihao , Zhang Yiwei , Yang Lianchao , Qin Hengshen , Liang Wenfeng , Zhang Chuang
Published: March 2024

Small robots for drug transportation, environmental detection and military reconnaissance have been a popular research topic in the field of robotics. Recently, people have proposed using light-driven actuators to make flexible and remote-controllable small robots. Herein, we reviewed the research on light-driven soft robots in recent years. First, we summarized and compared the performance and fabrication method of light-driven actuators. Then, we classified and summarized the structures of robots according to their move mode. After that, we described how to control the robot. Finally, the challenges of light-driven robots are discussed.
Quantum simulation of excited states from parallel contracted quantum eigensolvers
Authors: Benavides-Riveros Carlos L , Wang Yuchen , Warren Samuel , Mazziotti David A
Published: March 2024

Computing excited-state properties of molecules and solids is considered one of the most important near-term applications of quantum computers. While many of the current excited-state quantum algorithms differ in circuit architecture, specific exploitation of quantum advantage, or result quality, one common feature is their rooting in the Schrödinger equation. However, through contracting (or projecting) the eigenvalue equation, more efficient strategies can be designed for near-term quantum devices. Here we demonstrate that when combined with the Rayleigh–Ritz variational principle for mixed quantum states, the ground-state contracted quantum eigensolver (CQE) can be generalized to compute any number of quantum eigenstates simultaneously. We introduce two excited-state (anti-Hermitian) CQEs that perform the excited-state calculation while inheriting many of the remarkable features of the original ground-state version of the algorithm, such as its scalability. To showcase our approach, we study several model and chemical Hamiltonians and investigate the performance of different implementations.
Reputation-based synergy and discounting mechanism promotes cooperation
Authors: Zhu Wenqiang , Wang Xin , Wang Chaoqian , Liu Longzhao , Zheng Hongwei , Tang Shaoting
Published: March 2024

A good group reputation often facilitates more efficient synergistic teamwork in production activities. Here we translate this simple motivation into a reputation-based synergy and discounting mechanism in the public goods game. Specifically, the reputation type of a group, either good or bad determined by a reputation threshold, modifies the nonlinear payoff structure described by a unified reputation impact factor. Results show that this reputation-based incentive mechanism could effectively promote cooperation compared with linear payoffs, despite the coexistence of synergy and discounting effects. Notably, the complicated interactions between reputation impact and reputation threshold result in a sharp phase transition from full cooperation to full defection. We also find that the presence of a few discounting groups could increase the average payoffs of cooperators, leading to an interesting phenomenon that when the reputation threshold is raised, the gap between the average payoffs of cooperators and defectors increases while the overall payoff decreases. We further extend our framework to heterogeneous situations and show how the variability of individuals affect the evolutionary outcomes. Our work provides important insights into facilitating cooperation in social groups.
Families of propagating soliton solutions for (3+1)-fractional Wazwaz-BenjaminBona-Mahony equation through a novel modification of modified extended direct algebraic method
Authors: Noor Saima , Alshehry Azzh Saad , Shafee Ahmad , Shah Rasool
Published: March 2024

The article presents a new modification to the modified Extended Direct Algebraic Method (mEDAM) namely r+mEDAM to effectively and precisely acquire propagating soliton and other travelling wave solutions to the Fractional Wazwaz-Benjamin-Bona-Mahony (FWBBM) equation. By using this updated approach, we are able to find more and new families of propagating soliton solutions for the FWBBM problem, such as soliton, kink, lump-like singular, trigonometric, hyperbolic, periodic, shock, singular & non-singular wave solutions. We also provide 3D and 2D graphs that visually illustrate the obtained solutions. By obtaining accurate propagating soliton solutions, our r+mEDAM proves to be practical while also revealing important details about the dynamics of the equation and suggesting possible applications in the fields of optics, materials research, and water waves.