bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Factors Influencing Women’s Reproductive Health
Authors: Zahan Nasrin
Published: February 2020

Women in the developing countries are often found in poor health and overburdened with work; most are anemic, many suffer from malnutrition and parasitism. Especially during pregnancy and childbirth they suffer from iron and adequate health care services. Older women and men have distinct reproductive and sexual health issues which are often inadequately addressed. Mainly women’s health status is affected by complex biological, social and cultural factors which are interrelated and can only be addressed ia comprehensive manner. Reproductive health is determined not only by the quality and availability of health care, but also by socio-economic development levels and women’s position in society. In its 1994 World Report on Women's Health, the Federation states that women's health is often compromised not by lack of medical knowledge, but by infringements on women's human rights.
Financial Reporting Practices in the Textile Manufacturing Sectors of Bangladesh
Authors: Rouf Md. Abdur , Hasan Md. Salim , Ahmed Alim Al Ayub
Published: February 2020

The aim of this study is to examine the factors that influence companies to disclose voluntary information in their annual reports of Textile Manufacturing Companies in Bangladesh. The study is used ordinary least squares (OLS) regression model to examine the relationship between dependent variable and independent variables.  The factors are proportion of independent non-executive directors (INDs), board size, board audit committee, ownership structure, Profitability and firm size. The extent of voluntary disclosure level is measured by using 68 items of information. Data have been taken from annual reports of 21 listed Textile Manufacturing Companies in DSE of Bangladesh-2010. The result shows a positive association between board size and voluntary disclosure and also total assets with voluntary disclosure. In contrast, the extent of voluntary disclosure is negatively related to the ownership structure.
Bootstrapped Durbin– Watson Test of Autocorrelation for Small Samples
Authors: Akter Jesmin
Published: February 2020

The Durbin-Watson (DW) test is the most widely used test for autocorrelation of a first order in regression analysis. The critical value of DW test depends on X matrix. As a result, the DW test statistic falls sometime in the inconclusive region. For large sample, the DW test can be used for normal distribution. In this paper, we proposed a bootstrap critical value for small sample and compared the power properties with other procedures. Monte-Carlo study shows that the bootstrapped DW test performs better than the usual DW test with the help of power.
Effect of glutamine supplement on chemo-radiation induced mucositis in head and neck cancer patients: a prospective study
Authors: Das Bishnu Prasad , Patra Jitendra
Published: February 2020

Background: Radiotherapy is one of the primary modalities of cancer treatment but may associated with short and long-term toxicities. Oral mucositis is frequently encountered in head and neck cancer resulting in unplanned treatment breaks. Few studies emphasized that use of oral glutamine may significantly reduce oral mucositis and other acute toxicities. This study aims to assess the effects of glutamine on oral mucositis in head and neck cancer patients receiving chemo-radiation.Methods: It is a prospective study carried out in sixty-four head and neck cancer patients attending radiotherapy department for chemo-radiation from January 2018 to May 2019. Patients were randomly assigned into two arms containing 32 subjects in each. All the patients in arm-A were taking oral glutamine supplement of 15 mg once daily, two hours prior to radiation and arm-B serve as the control group. Dose of radiation fixed at 66 Gy in 33 fractions over a period of 7 weeks along with an infusion of weekly cisplatin (40 mg/m2). Patients were evaluated regarding onset, severity and the recovery period of mucositis.Results: Oral mucositis appeared at around 5th week in arm-A and 3rd week in arm-B (p<0.0001). Number of patients with mucositis is significantly less in arm-A (75%, 24 out of 32) as compared to arm-B (96.8%) (p=0.0310). The time required for healing of mucositis is significantly less than 1 week in arm-A compared to ~2 weeks in the arm-B (p<0.0001).Conclusions: Oral glutamine when given prior to radiation results in delayed onset of oral mucositis with decreased severity and an early healing period.
Management of distal femur aneurysmal bone cyst in an adult by extended curettage with bone substitute and internal fixation: an illustrative case report
Authors: Yogadeepan D. , Rajappa Srinivasan , . Raghavendran
Published: February 2020

Aneurysmal bone cysts (ABCs) are benign osteolytic vascular neoplasm characterised by several sponge like blood filled or serum filled non endothelialized spaces of various diameter. ABCs can present a diagnostic challenge, as they share several histological and radiographic characteristics with other aggressive lesions like giant cell tumors and malignant telangiectatic osteosarcomas. In this article, we present a case of 34-year gentleman with left distal femur aneurysmal bone cyst treated by extended curettage augmented with bone substitute and internal fixation. In ABC management, curettage is the treatment of choice inspite of high recurrence rate. This is because of early return to functional activities and less morbidity. En bloc excision results in a lower recurrence rate but more extensive reconstructive surgery is needed which is associated with higher morbidity
Filosofias da História e Teoria da Revolução: Progresso e Utopia, Dominação e Emancipação
Authors: Bachur João Paulo
Published: February 2020

O presente artigo busca refletir sobre os acontecimentos desencadeados pela Revolução Francesa. A Revolução em si não será analisada, mas os fenômenos por ela gerados, como o advento da burguesia e da modernidade. A inquietação trazida aqui é a relação entre uma determinada concepção de história e o compromisso pela emancipação do homem. A questão surge a partir de uma análise sobre o diagnóstico habermasiano da modernidade, segundo o qual a emancipação está descartada. Nesse sentido, o objetivo é oferecer um contraponto à teoria habermasiana. A metodologia adotada é a da historiografia conceitual de Reinhart Koselleck. A análise se dá pela ótica da teoria de revolução de Karl Marx. Conclui-se que somente a alternativa revolucionária traz consigo uma concepção de história intrinsecamente ligada à ideia de emancipação autônoma da humanidade, tarefa que não pode ser deixada de lado, mesmo que sua realização seja vislumbrada como algo muito distante da prática.
Pode o estado ser condenado por danos provocado pelo discurso parlamentar?
Authors: Lima Quintas Fábio , De Oliveira Andrino Fernanda
Published: February 2020

Este artigo pretende analisar, sob a perspectiva constitucional, pelos pontos de vista teórico e jurisprudencial, a possibilidade real de o Estado responder por danos causados por discursos proferidos por membros do Congresso Nacional, considerando a perspectiva oferecida pela teoria da democracia e da representação. Conclui-se que o Estado não é responsável por danos causados por discursos parlamentares.
A cultura das mídias sociais e os limites morais do mercado
Authors: Flores Nilton Cesar , Martinez Tiago
Published: February 2020

A expansão da internet nas últimas décadas veio acompanhada de uma vasta gama de discussões éticas. Na cultura das mídias sociais, a compra e venda de amigos, seguidores, curtidas e visualizações, se tornou frequente. A questão que surge é se esses bens, ações e comportamentos podem ou não ser comprados, assim como quais as consequências desse mercado, o seu funcionamento e o que ele retrata. Objetiva-se com essa investigação, apontar que o mercado só pode adquirir a aparência desses bens e que a internet, ao se tornar um lugar de aparências, perde em credibilidade e ganha em desconfiança. Através de uma metodologia baseada em pesquisa bibliográfica, assim como em sites da internet e em levantamento de dados estatísticos, conclui-se que esse mercado é imoral e prejudicial ao ambiente virtual e à vida social.
The Claim to Correctness and Moral Constraints on Law: a Critic to the Separability Thesis
Authors: Nava Tovar Alejandro
Published: February 2020

O presente artigo explica a pretensão de correção e os seus efeitos limitadores sobre o Direito, de acordo com a teoria do direito de Robert Alexy. Para apresentar isso, na primeira seção é apresentado o conceito e a natureza normativa da pretensão de correção na visão de Robert Alexy. Na segunda seção são apresentadas as respostas de Eugenio Bulygin e Joseph Raz à pretensão de correção. Na terceira seção é conectada a pretensão de correção à ideia de lmitações morais para, no final, na quarta seção, ser apresentadas considerações sobre a pretensão de correção, em especial, proposta para reduzir o grau de arbitrariedade e injustiça no direito.
Miejsce Ukrainy w stosunkach rosyjsko-amerykańskich po 2014 roku
Authors: Legucka Agnieszka
Published: February 2020

Celem niniejszego artykułu jest odpowiedź na pytanie, jakie miejsce zajmuje Ukraina w stosunkach między Rosją i USA. W pierwszej części podjęto w nim kwestię znaczenia Ukrainy dla interesów narodowych obu międzynarodowych rywali. Przyjęto perspektywę czasową po 2014 r. (od aneksji Krymu) do 2017 r. (wyborów prezydenckich w USA). W drugiej części ukazano ewolucję amerykańskiego podejścia do bezpieczeństwa Europy Wschodniej, w tym kwestię dozbrajania państwa ukraińskiego walczącego z rosyjskimi oddziałami. Trzecią część poświęcono konsekwencjom wydarzeń w Ukrainie, zarówno Euromajdanu, jak i wojny na wschodzie Ukrainy dla relacji USA i Rosji. W konkluzjach stwierdzono więc, że Ukraina stała się wyznacznikiem relacji między USA i Rosją, a rok 2014 stał się punktem zwrotnym w strategii USA wobec NATO. Doszło do wzmocnieniu wschodniej flanki sojuszu, a także nałożenia amerykańskich sankcji na Rosję.
Obywatelska inicjatywa referendalna w III Rzeczypospolitej na poziomie ogólnokrajowym
Authors: Koziełło Tomasz
Published: February 2020

Artykuł stanowi analizę obywatelskiej inicjatywy referendalnej w Polsce na poziomie ogólnokrajowym. Jego celem jest weryfikacja dwóch hipotez. Pierwsza z nich zakłada, że inicjatywa ta jest wykorzystywana jedynie przez opozycję polityczną w celu: 1) próby wywarcia wpływu na rządzących, aby zrealizowali jej postulaty programowe, oraz 2) pokazania się społeczeństwu jako ta siła, która reprezentuje je, w przeciwieństwie do stronnictw tworzących rząd. Zgodnie z drugą hipotezą strona rządząca traktuje tę formę demokracji jako instrument populistycznej i demagogicznej walki o władzę, niemającej nic wspólnego z dobrem społecznym.
VII Rotation of Polish Military Contingent in Afghanistan from the Perspective of Polish Soldiers
Authors: Zaręba Agnieszka
Published: February 2020

VII zmiana polskiego kontyngentu wojskowego w Afganistanie z perspektywy polskich żołnierzy

VII zmiana w Afganistanie jest określana jako jedna z najtrudniejszych operacji stabilizacyjnych, przede wszystkim ze względu na zadania jakie były stawiane kontyngentowi (przede wszystkim ze względu na zapewnienie bezpieczeństwa w trakcie wyborów parlamentarnych), oraz warunki polityczno-społeczne w tamtym czasie. Celem niniejszej analizy jest zaprezentowanie VII zmiany w Afganistanie z perspektywy żołnierza. Analiza nie jest w żaden sposób odzwierciedleniem oficjalnych relacji z operacji pokojowej. Pokazuje codzienne obowiązki żołnierza, trud służby za granicą, relacje z Afgańczykami oraz wymagania, z jakimi muszą sobie radzić szeregowi żołnierze. Jest to analiza case study, uzupełniona źródłami o podobnym charakterze.
A new approach to the professional role of the school psychologist
Authors: Sokołowska Ewa , Katra Grażyna
Published: February 2020

The article is an invitation to discuss the role and tasks of the psychologist in the modern school. It advances the thesis that the primary role of the psychologist is to co-create the school environment and the educational process. Being a co-creator is the essence of the presented model of the psychologist’s work in the school system. The model covers psychological activities defined as monitoring promotion prevention, and intervention. It identifies the need to continually expand the possibilities of psychological influences and to create an autonomous vision of their realization. Adopting and performing this role in the way described in the model seems to be crucial to building the professional identity of the educational psychologist—and a well-defined and clarified professional identity is the basic regulator of a person’s functioning in his/her professional role.
Posttraumatic growth, resiliency, and basic hope in soldiers fighting in Eastern Ukraine
Authors: Kondratyuk Viktoriya , Puchalska-Wasyl Małgorzata M.
Published: February 2020

In 2014, the Eastern Ukrainian regions of Donetsk and Lugansk became a scene of military operations that continue until now. Data from 58 soldiers who have taken part in the Ukrainian conflict were analyzed in order to answer the following question: How do basic hope and various aspects of resiliency explain the intensity of different aspects of posttraumatic growth (PTG) in soldiers fighting in the East of Ukraine? Four stepwise regression analyses were conducted. In each of them one of particular aspects of PTG was the dependent variable, whereas the group of predictors consisted of basic hope and three aspects of resiliency. It turned out that Personal strength as well as Appreciation of life were positively related to Openness to new experiences and a sense of humor. Relating to others was strongly related to Basic hope. Finally, Spiritual change depended on Basic hope as well as Persistence and determination in action. Because of the small sample size, the results should be treated with caution. However, they seem to encourage further research concerning this group.
Does reading words differing in arousal load influence local vs. global scope of perception?
Authors: Imbir Kamil K.
Published: February 2020

This article examines how the arousing properties of words influence the local vs. global scope of perception in the Kimchi–Palmer task. It was assumed that arousal is a stimulus property that influences a person’s mental state. Suboptimal arousal (low or high) was expected to narrow the visual scope in comparison to optimal (moderate) arousal. Words varying in arousal (three levels) and matched for valence, concreteness, frequency of appearance, and length were read by 20 young adults (8 women and 12 men, Mage = 21.85, SD = 1.69). The participants were then asked about their scope of perception using the Kimchi–Palmer task, allowing for differentiation between the priority of processing on local versus global features of compound geometrical figures. The relationship between the arousal level of the words read and the subsequent cognitive scope followed the Yerkes-Dodson law in that stimuli inducing an intermediate arousal level (versus low or high level of arousal inducements) were associated with a broader, more global cognitive scope.
Management of Two Rooted Mandibular Second Premolars: A Case Series
Authors: Shekar Shobana , Sekar Velayudham , Mahendran Kavitha
Published: February 2020

Mandibular premolars have been reported to have the most unusual canal aberrancies in the literature. Even though abnormal canal morphologies in mandibular premolars in the Asian population is less frequent, it continues to exist. When such rarities are encountered, supplemental diagnostic aids play a crucial role in determining the prognosis of the root canal procedure. The aim of this paper is to report a series of cases with unusual canal morphologies in which cone beam computed tomography was used as a diagnostic aid to visualize canal morphologies.
Метацеркарии трематод карповых рыб р. Северский донец и его притоков
Authors: Присный Ю.А. , Кононова М.И. , Винаков Д.В.
Published: February 2020

У карповых рыб из р. Северский Донец и его притоков – рр. Везелка, Разумная и Нежеголь на сегодняшний день отмечено 16 видов метацеркарий трематод из 7-ми семейств, среди которых имеются виды, являющиеся потенциально опасными эпизоотологически (представители рр. Diplostomum, Ichthyocotylurus, а также Apophallus muehlingi и Posthodiplostomum cuticola) и эпидемиологически (Pseudamphistomum truncatum, Metagonimus yokogawai и Paracoenogonimus ovatus). Промежуточными хозяевами большей части отмеченных трематод являются широко распространенные двустворчатые и брюхоногие моллюски из рр. Anodonta и Unio, Lymnaea, Lithoglyphus, Bithynia, Planorbis, Viviparus, Valvata и Physa. Представители всех перечисленных родов отмечены в Белгородской области, в том числе и специфичные для отдельных видов трематод промежуточные хозяева. Для таких опасных в эпидемиологическом плане видов, как Metagonimus yokogawai и Pseudamphistomum truncatum в исследуемом регионе следует провести целенаправленные исследования по установлению промежуточных хозяев. Дополнительными хозяевами, то есть хозяевами собственно метацеркарий, для всех отмеченных видов являются многие карповые рыбы, а зачастую и рыбы других семейств. Поэтому отмеченные виды метацеркарий будут, скорее всего, в том или ином количестве встречаться у других видов рыб, которые еще не были охвачены исследованиями в регионе. Apophallus muehlingi и Posthodiplostomum cuticola являются возбудителями «черно-пятнистой болезни» карповых и могут вызывать гибель молоди рыб, а представители диплостомид и ихтиокотилурид могут провоцировать развитие очагов трематодозов. Среди 16-ти отмеченных видов метацеркарий только один вид трематод поражает во взрослом состоянии рыб – это Rhipidocotyle campanula. Остальные же виды являются преимущественно паразитами птиц, таких как цапли, чайки, поганки, кваквы, выпи и вороны, которые являются обычными для территории области.
Численность популяции жука-оленя lucanus cervus (l.) Лесного массива в Воронежской области, рассчитанная по пищевым остаткам сорокопута-жулана lanius collurio (l.)
Authors: Голуб В.Б. , Шестопалов А.Г. , Масалыкин А.И.
Published: February 2020

На основе результатов подсчёта количества свежих фрагментов тела жуков-оленей Lucanus cervus (L.) в июне 2018 года, представляющих собой пищевые остатки сорокопута-жулана Lanius collurio (L.) и с учетом площади гнездовой территории жулана, рассчитаны примерная плотность популяции и примерная численность всей популяции жука-оленя дубравы площадью 5 тыс. га (Воронежская область).
Некоторые данные о вегетативном репродуктивном потенциале декоративных древесных растений в условиях юго-запада Среднерусской возвышенности
Authors: Дунаева Е.Н. , Дунаев А.В.
Published: February 2020

В статье приводятся результаты исследования вегетативного репродуктивного потенциала (ВРП) декоративных древесных растений ассортиментной группы Juniperus в условиях юго-запада Среднерусской возвышенности. Исследования проводились в сезон 2017 г. на производственной площадке питомника Ботанического сада Белгородского государственного национального исследовательского университета. Установлено, что опудривание «Корневином» является наиболее эффективным способом стимулирования корнеобразования у полуодревесневших черенков растений из избранной ассортиментной группы Juniperus, равномерно и существенно повышающим их ВРП на начальной стадии вегетативной репродукции. Следующими по эффективности влияния на окореняемость черенков имеются основания рассматривать стимуляторы «Рибав экстра» и «Циркон», применяемые в виде растворов, в которых на 12 часов замачиваются черенки.
Depressaria longipennella lvovsky 1981 (lepidoptera, depressariidae) – малоизвестный вид плоских молей, новый для фауны республики Кыргызстан
Authors: Корб С.К.
Published: February 2020

С территории Киргизии впервые указывается малоизвестный вид плоских молей Depressaria longipennella Lvovsky 1981. Описываются его внешнее строение, морфология гениталий, особенности биологии и распространение.
Дополнения к фауне и распространению цикадообразных – cicadomorpha (hemiptera: homoptera) юга Среднерусской возвышенности
Authors: Присный А.В.
Published: February 2020

Белгородская область расположена на юго-западе Среднерусской возвышенности. В геоморфологическом и биогеографическом планах она очень неоднородна. Её западные и северо-западные районы лежат в провинции Приднепровской низменности лесостепи (бассейн р. Днепр). Юго-восточные районы, по особенностям флористических и фаунистических комплексов, относят к Нижне-Донской провинции степной зоны. Основная часть рассматриваемой территории попадает в выделяемую провинцию Среднерусской возвышенности лесостепи (типичный и кальцефитный варианты). Одновременно регион характеризуется очень высоким уровнем хозяйственной освоенности и антропогенной трансформации ландшафта. Цикадообразные – один из таксонов насекомых, присутствующих во всех естественных и искусственных наземных биоценозах. Несколько их видов являются переносчиками вирусов – возбудителей заболеваний культурных растений, а некоторые – индикаторами состояния естественных сообществ. Целенаправленное изучение фауны цикадообразных Белгородской области насчитывает около 100 лет. Подавляющее большинство сборов проведено на юго-западе и юго-востоке области. Приводимые в статье сведения о цикадообразных региона – результат выборочной обработки общих энтомологических сборов автора за период с 1977 г. по 2014 г. Частично они были опубликованы в открытой печати с 2002 г. по 2014 г. В отличие от прежних публикаций автора, здесь приводится аннотированный список видов, поставленных в коллекцию кафедры биологии НИУ «БелГУ». Общий список цикадообразных, зарегистрированных в регионе, включает 209 видов. 135 видов, известные нам по публикациям, представляют несколько групп: 39 – лесные, луговые и болотные, отмеченные в основном до 1949 (1956) гг. на юго-западе области; 29 – луговые виды сем. Cicadellidae и Cixiidae, собранные как на юго-западе, так и на юго-востоке области до 2000 г.; 67 видов – степные, лугово-степные, луговые и лесные – из окрестностей г. Валуйки (в их числе 21 вид отмечен только до 1913 г). Лишь три вида приводятся разными авторами из других районов области. Из 74-х видов, собранных нами и большей частью уже отмеченных в наших публикациях, 16 приводятся впервые для территории Белгородской области (D. venosus, D. bohemani, E. pteridis, H. obsoletus, K. kirgisorum, L. striatellus, L. aurita, M. inermis, N. guttulatus, O. russeola, P. paludosus, P. nigra, R. quinquecostatus, St. fuscovittatus, T. atrata, T. depressa), 9 – для Белгородской области и 1–3-х смежных областей (M. fuscula, S. dahlbomi, M. mayri, D. baeri, Sc. montana, P. punctifrons, T. griseola, B. laetus, Tsh. eugeniae) и 4 – для приграничных районов Луганской или Харьковской областей (A. astrachanicus, C. affinis, N. albipennis, T. fusca). Кратко обсуждаются возможные причины объема и направленности изменений фаунистического списка цикадообразных региона.
Morphogenesis in vitro Flower Pedicel of Lilium longiflorum with NAA and BAP
Authors: Dwipayani Lestari Ni Kadek , Deswiniyanti Ni Wayan , Astarini Ida , Made Arpiwi Luh
Published: February 2020

Lilies are one of the cut flowers most favored by consumers. Each lily plant can produce several flower stem, and each flower consists of many flower buds. Flower bud stems have the potential as explants in vitro culture. Propagation in vitro is a very promising technique for plant propagation. It has the advantage of being able to produce a lot of seedlings in a short time. Pedicel explants are reported to be the best explants after the petal to produce shoots and callus, but it is not yet known which pedicel age is best for explants. The aim of the study was to obtain information about the effect of NAA and BAP concentrations on Vacin & Went (VW) media and age of explant of flower stalks (pedicels) on morphogenesis of lilies in vitro. Method of this study is in vitro technique on VW media with complete randomized trial design. The results showed that explants of flower stems (pedicels) that were used in vitro culture were pedicel buds compared to pedicels with blooming flowers and withered flowers. Younger plants still have meristem tissue. The meristem tissue produces the auxin hormone which helps in cell division for faster bud growth The best concentrations produced in this study were 1 ppm NAA and BAP in percentage of growth, time of callus initiation, number of shoots, number of browning and browning time and 0,5 ppm NAA + 1 ppm BAP for time of shoot initiation. The result of 1 ppm NAA and BAP showed the best response because the composition of the media by using a combination of growth regulators from a group of auxins and cytokinin in a balanced amount can initiate cell enlargement and induction callus.
Keywords: lily, pedicel, age, explant, stem
In Vitro Propagation of Lilium longiflorum Bulbs Using NAA and BAP Plant Growth Regulator Treatment
Authors: Deswiniyanti Ni Wayan , Dwipayani Lestari Ni Kadek
Published: February 2020

Lily (Lilium longiflorum) is a perennial herbaceous plant with white trumpet-shaped flowers, fragrant and bulbous. In vitro culture through bulbs is one of way propagation of lily plants, but it requires a long time and only produces limited plants. In vitro propagation is a very promising technique for plant propagation because it can produce a lot of plant seeds in a short time. Bulbs are one of the fastest explants for growing shoots in lilies, but it is not known for certain which cuts of explants from bulb scales are best for multiplying in vitro. This study aims to determine the effect of lily bulb explants and the concentration of NAA and BAP growth regulators on the growth of lily bulb explants. The best results were obtained on the base and middle cuts explant of bulb scales compared to the tip cuts explant ones. The best results of the growing percentage, the number of shoots and the best growing time are shown in the combination treatment of growth regulator 1 mg L−1 NAA and 1 mg L−1 BAP. The optimum results on the number of micro bulbs were found in the treatment of growth regulators 0.5 mg L−1 NAA and 1 mg L−1 BAP. The best results of the average time formed micro bulb was in the treatment of 1 mg L−1 NAA and BAP with middle explant cuts, and treatment concentrations of 0.5 mg L−1 NAA and BAP in the base explant section. The base and middle bulb explants are able to regenerate or grow higher shoots. This is caused by the presence of endogenous natural auxin and the spread of auxin in plant parts not in the same amount. Therefore when added to the exogenous growth regulator such as auxin or cytokines to culture media will further trigger the formation of micro tubers more quickly,. It can increase the concentration of endogenous growth regulators in cells, help growing process and developing tissue.
 
Keywords: Bulb, lily, micro bulbs, in vitro, shoots
Specific Primer for Human Bcl-2-Protein Expression Analysis
Authors: Jannah Patty Dessy Nurul , Ayu Safitri Tazkia , Saraswati Henny
Published: February 2020

Bcl-2 protein (B-cell lymphoma 2) is one of the proteins in the Bcl-2 protein family that are anti apoptotic and encoded by the BCL-2 gene. This protein controls the permeability of the outer membrane of the mitochondria, which plays a role in the release of cytochrome c and several other proteins that contribute to cell death. Bcl-2 protein plays a role in regulating cell death and regulating the balance between new and old cells. Several studies showed that changes in the structure and function of Bcl-2 play a role in cell apoptosis disorders, producing cancer cells. High expression of Bcl-2 protein is seen in lung, breast, lymph node and brain cancers. Analysis of Bcl-2 protein expression at the molecular level in cancer cell is needed to determine the expression level of this protein. This study aims to produce the Bcl-2 primer for qPCR method that specifically identifies the target gene, and can be used to see the BCL-2 gene expression level in cells. A BCL-2 sequence was obtained from the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI). The next process is further analysis with Primer-BLAST (NCBI). Some primer candidates are produced and undergo another selection based on several criteria. Finally, one pair of potential primers was obtained for the reaction of qPCR to BCL-2. Primer specificity was tested with Basic Local Alignment Tools (BLAST) tools and result in specific primer for human BCL-2 gene. Annealing temperature optimization shows that the primer can react optimally at 59∘C.
 
Keywords: Bcl-2 protein, BCL-2 gene, qPCR, primer, gene expression, apoptosis
Computational Design of Ancestral and Consensus Asian Dengue Envelope Protein for Vaccine Candidate
Authors: Azhari Kemal Rahmat , Ivan Jeremias , Lili Sandjaja Eric Bernardus , Putra Santosa Audi
Published: February 2020

Dengue is a mosquito-borne viral disease of which incidence has rapidly increased in the last few years. Despite the recent development of a licensed dengue vaccine, safer and more efficacious dengue vaccine still needs to be developed. Dengue virus has four antigenically and genetically distinct serotypes. Ancestral sequence reconstruction (ASR) and consensus sequence (CS) might be able to overcome antigenic distinction between those four serotypes. Envelope (E) protein is responsible for a wide range of dengue virus biological activities. Domain III of the E protein (EDIII) plays a role in receptor binding for viral entry and inducing protective immunity against the dengue virus. We utilised bioinformatics software to computationally design ancestral and consensus sequences of Asian dengue E protein. E protein sequences of 987 DENV strains and 5 outgroups were retrieved from GenBank. We constructed ancestral and consensus sequences for each serotype. For ASR, ancestral sequences were gradually designed to construct ancestral sequence for all serotypes using MEGA X. For CS, all four consensus sequences were directly used to construct consensus sequence for all serotypes using UGENE 1.32. Phylogenetic tree consisting existing dengue sequences as well as ancestral and consensus sequences were visualised using FigTree 1.4.4. All ancestral and consensus sequences were analysed for conserved motifs, especially in domain III region. ASR sequences were closer to the centre of phylogenetic tree branches while consensus sequences were located among natural isolates. Further CD4 T cell immunogenicity prediction on domain III (EDIII) showed that both ASR and consensus EDIII have the two-highest combined immunogenicity scores. These sequences are potential for further in vitro and in vivo studies as dengue vaccine candidate.
 
Keywords: ancestral sequence, consensus, dengue, envelope protein, vaccine
Salt Tolerance of Barak Cenana Rice (Oryza sativa L cv. Barak Cenana) EMS Derived M1 Putative Mutants
Authors: Made Artadana Ida Bagus , Nadine Handoyo Aurelia , H. Hardjo Popy , Goretti Purwanto Maria
Published: February 2020

Barak Cenana (Oryza sativa L cv. Barak Cenana) is a native red rice cultivar of Tabanan regency, Bali. We have previously created first-generation putative mutants (M1) lines of Barak Cenana using EMS. In this study, we aim to evaluate M1 lines tolerance to salt stress. Three-leaf seedlings of WT Barak Cenana and M1 lines were cultured in hydroponic system containing Yoshida solution and 100 mM NaCl for 7 days. The salt tolerance level of each seedling was evaluated using SES standard and the survived seedlings were transferred into the pot-containing soil growth for maturation. All WT were died when treated with 100 mM NaCl for 7 days. In contrast, some M1 lines were survived where 0.5% were highly tolerance (II2A-4) and 4.06% (1F-4, 1F-3, II2A-8, IID-1, IID-4, IID-6 and 1B-6) were tolerance to salt stress. This variation of salt tolerance level among M1 lines is likely due to the random mutation caused by EMS. Furthermore, all survived mutants were fertile and able to produce mature seeds. As characters in M1 generation are not stable, future studies are required to establish stable mutant lines.
Keywords: Rice, EMS, Mutants, Barak Cenana, salt tolerance
The Evolution Study Of 6-Cysteine Family Member Protein of Plasmodium sp. As a Potential Drug Candidate Against Malaria Infection
Authors: Nathanael Ramanto Kevin , Nurdiansyah Rizky , Jessica Priscilla
Published: February 2020

The increase of current antimalarial drug resistance was reported and lead to the greatest threats to malaria control; therefore, new methods should be applied to encounter this problem. Although the protein evolution study of  Plasmodium may contain valuable information in finding a  new antimalarial drug candidate,  the cross-species antimalaria drug cannot be made because there is no sufficient information regarding the protein evolution between human-infecting and non- infectious Plasmodium. In this study, data mining from PlasmoDB discovers several proteins shared by Plasmodium where some of them include in a 6-Cysteine protein family. Previous studies revealed that 3 of 6-Cysteine family members (P41, P48/45, and P230) could be used as a vaccine candidate. From this information, the evolution properties and the characteristics of these proteins were further analyzed. Protein sequences of 6-Cysteine protein family members were retrieved from plasmoDB  and the GenBank. Maximum likelihood phylogenetic tree and time trees were then constructed by using MEGAX, protein domain analysis was done by using InterPro, and all tertiary structures of these proteins were predicted by using PHYRE2. Phylogenetic tree and time tree analysis showed that the human-infecting and the non-infectious Plasmodium have a different cluster and evolutionary rates. Furthermore, several domains that can be used vaccine targets were found in P41, P48/45, and P230, such as transmembrane, signal peptide, and a coiled-coil domain. Tertiary structure prediction also revealed a different characteristic of these proteins. Thus, our findings provide valuable information to support the development of the cross-species antimalaria vaccine using 6-Cysteine protein family members.
 
Keywords: 6-Cysteine, drug target, protein domain, protein evolution, tertiary structure, Plasmodium
Isolation and Screening of Microbial Isolates from Kombucha Culture for Bacterial Cellulose Production in Sugarcane Molasses Medium
Authors: Angela Clara , Young Jeffrey , Kordayanti Sisilia , Virgina Partha Devanthi Putu , . Katherine
Published: February 2020

Kombucha tea is a traditional fermented beverage of Manchurian origins which is made of sugar and tea. The fermentation involves the application of a symbiotic consortium of bacteria and yeast (SCOBY) in which their metabolites provide health benefits for the consumer and subsequently allow the product to protect itself from contamination. Additionally, kombucha tea fermentation also produces a byproduct in the form of a pellicle composed of cellulose (Bacterial Cellulose, BC). Compared to plant cellulose, BC properties are more superior, which makes it industrially important. However, BC production at industrial scale has been faced with many challenges, including low yield and high fermentation medium cost. Many researchers have focused their studies on the use of alternative low cost media, such as molasses, which is a by-product   of sugar refining process. To  maximize the BC production in molasses medium, it    is important to select the microbial strains that can grow and produce BC at high yield in molasses. This study aimed to isolate and characterize BC-producing bacteria and a dominant yeast from kombucha culture which had been previously adapted in molasses medium. The isolation of bacteria was performed using Nutrient Agar (NA) and Hestrin and Schramm (HS) supplemented with cycloheximide, while yeast was isolated using Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA) supplemented with chloramphenicol. The most dominant colonies were isolated and then subjected to microscopic observation for morphological analysis. The pure bacteria and yeast isolates were then identified by sequencing the 16S rRNA gene and D1/D2 region of the 26S rRNA, respectively. The bacteria isolates obtained were all from closely related genera: Komagataeibacter sp. DS1MA.62A, Komagataeibacter xylinus, Komagataeibacter saccharivorans, Komagataeibacter xylinus and Gluconacetobacter saccharivorans. The single isolated yeast was identified as Brettanomyces bruxellensis. This study helps to elucidate  the BC-producing species which thrive in molasses medium for potential use in the BC production using molasses as alternative cheap carbon source. Also, the study revealed that the co-culture of Komagataeibacter sp. DS1MA.62A and B. bruxellensis could produce BC from molasses supplemented with caffeine and acetate buffer at an average yield of 27.7±1.83 g/L.
Keywords: Kombucha, SCOBY, bacterial cellulose, Acetobacter, Komagataeibacter, Brettanomyces, alternative medium, molasses, caffeine, acetate buffer.
Primer Design for Isolation of Sucrose:Sucrose 1-Fructosyltransferase (1-SST) Gene from Gembili (Dioscorea esculenta)
Authors: Heriawan Gili , Anjani Dellamartha , Virgina Partha Devanthi Putu , Azhari Kemal Rahmat , Jessica Priscilla
Published: February 2020

Recent studies have reported the presence of inulin, a prebiotic polysaccharide, in gembili (Dioscorea esculenta). Sucrose:sucrose 1-fructosyltransferase (1-SST) is an enzyme that catalyzes the first step of inulin biosynthesis. The identification of this enzyme would be the foundation to improve the yield of inulin in gembili; to modify 1-SST gene for this purpose, its sequence must first be determined. This study aimed to design primers to isolate 1-SST gene from D. esculenta. The primers were designed by using the whole-genome sequence of Dioscorea rotundata due to the lack of genomic information on D. esculenta. Sequences from chromosome 6 and 11 were used as the template of primer design in which four pairs of primers were selected. Amplification products with expected size were gel-purified, then the targets were sequenced and analyzed in-silico. As a result, one of the primer pairs had successfully isolated vacuolar invertase gene, which is closely related to 1-SST gene. On the other hand, the other primer pairs showed either negative or false-positive result. Using the current strategy, 1-SST gene sequence from D. esculenta has not been successfully isolated, thus other approaches in primer design should be considered in further studies.
Keywords: 1-SST, Dioscorea esculenta, Gembili, Inulin, Primer design
Detection of Opportunistic Fungus Pneumocystis jirovecii Major Surface Glycoprotein (MSG) gene in HIV-AIDS Patients with Pneumoniae in Jakarta
Authors: Riana Tjampakasari Conny , Yasmon Andi , Sjahrurachman Agus , Djauzi Samsuridjal
Published: February 2020

Pneumocystis jirovecii is known to cause opportunistic infections in the lower respiratory tract in individuals with low immune systems, especially patient with HIV infection. The prevalence of P. jirovecii pneumonia (PjP) in various countries show varying numbers. In Indonesia, HIV cases continue to rise. However, the data in Indonesia concerning the case of PjP is very limited. Until now the prevalence of PjP in Indonesia is only based on clinical symptoms of the patient. Currently, diagnosis of PjP relies on microscopic examination. The disadvantage of this examination is not easy to do and has a high negative predictive value. Thus, this study was conducted to develop a molecular test to diagnose PjP infection in HIV-AIDS suspected pneumonia. Molecular diagnostic test aimed for Major Surface Glycoprotein (MSG) gene of P. jirovecii detection was done through real-time PCR against 100 sputum samples. Demographic data show that the prevalence of PjP infection in HIV-AIDS suspected pneumonia patients in Jakarta is 20.0%, male 75% within 31-40 y.o (35%), dominant (80%) from patients with CD4+ T-lymphocytes of 200-349 cells/µL. Molecular real-time PCR methods were shown to give five times sensitivity higher than Giemsa stain.
 
Keywords: P. jirovecii, HIV, real-time PCR
Artificial Rice As an Alternative Functional Food to Support Food Diversification Program
Authors: Valencia Erica , Goretti Marianti Purwanto Maria
Published: February 2020

Functional food is a food that has a beneficial effect to the body beyond its adequate nutritional effects. It can help improve someone’s health and/or decrease the risk of disease. The awareness in the community of the importance of health encourages the development of functional food. One of the functional food that has been developed in Indonesia is the artificial rice. Artificial rice, an alternative paddy rice substitute, has a minimally equal value to paddy rice. Artificial rice is made to reduce people’s dependence on paddy rice and to support food diversification program to achieve food security in Indonesia. Artificial rice is made from a non-paddy rice flour with a certain compositions, so that it can be used as a vehichle to make a functional food and can be fortified with ingredients that contain functional active compounds. Indonesian researchers have developed artificial rice products by utilizing local resources, such as corn, sorghum, spices, tubers, and others, to obtain an artificial rice with improved nutritional and functional characters that have some health benefits such as antidiabetic, antioxidant, antihypertensive, and anticancer. Such development has resulted in the observation that artificial rice can be used as a functional food for rice substitute with an equal or better nutritional value than paddy rice. However, further research is still needed to improve the sensory quality of artificial rice so that it can be accepted easily by the community.
Keywords: Artificial rice, food diversification, functional food, rice analogue
Description of Eat Pattern and Relationship Between Nutrition Status With Basic Consumption levels in Children of School (Study Case Settlement Gundih, District Bubutan, Surabaya City)
Authors: Widiayunita Miranti , Emantoko Dwi Putra Sulistyo
Published: February 2020

Background, since the 1997 economic crisis the number of poor people in Indonesia has increased. One result of the crisis was the increasing number of street children. Street children are one of the conditions of children in difficult circumstances, their lives are very worrying, especially health and the future. The goal is to know the nutritional status of street children as a scientific basis for further intervention programs. Research Methods, discrete-analytic observational research. Using quota sampling as many as 30 street children in the Gundih settlement of Bubutan District, Surabaya City. Nutritional status was assessed by using anthropometric parameters of height according to age and sex and carried out a 2x24 hour recall to determine diet and consumption levels. Conclusion, (1) 70% of street children have poor nutritional status and only 6.7% have good nutritional status. (2) The most common diet patterns for street children are rice, side dishes, and vegetables. (3) The level of consumption achieved is still below 100% of the AKG and the majority are in the less and moderate category. (4) There is no significant relationship between nutritional status and consumption level (p> 0.05). Suggestions, intervention programs on street children need to be done to prevent further serious nutritional problems.
 
Keywords: homeless kid, economic crisis, nutritional status
Agricultural injuries encountered in Giresun, which is an agricultural city of Turkey
Authors: TURFAN Selim , ÖZŞAHİN Faruk , UZUN Gökhan , ARSLAN Bora , GÜRGEN Mustafa Tolga , KESİCİOĞLU Tuğrul
Published: February 2020

Objectives: This study aimed to determine the demographic and clinical features of gardening injuries in an agricultural city and to provide some suggestions to reduce the incidence of agricultural injuries. Methods: This study assessed 419 gardening injuries that were admitted to the emergency department of Giresun University Prof. Dr. Ilhan Özdemir Training and Research Hospital between June 30, 2015 and November 1, 2015. We retrospectively examined all the documents, x-rays, tomographies, and tomography reports related to the cases. Results: Falls from a height (19.3%), falls (31.5%), foreign body crashes (FBCs) (14.8%), sharp-penetrating object injuries (SPOIs) (29.8%), and motorized/motorless device injuries (MMDIs) (4.5%) were the major categories of gardening injuries. Most of the falls from a height were from a tree (86%), primarily fig trees (54.3%). SPOIs primarily affected the hand-wrist area with 82 cases (65.6%); the most common sharp tools that caused injury were sickle-scythes (47.2%) and axes (35.2%). FBCs frequently affected the eyes (48.4%) and head region (17.7%), and tree branches were the most common foreign bodies causing such crashes (38.7%). MMDIs were caused primarily by haymaker harvester machines (42%). Three cases died (0.7%), and 305 cases (72.8%) were discharged after emergency treatment. Additionally, 115 cases (27.5%) were hospitalized, 11 cases underwent urgent surgery, and 63 cases underwent elective surgery. Using uncuttable gloves, socks, and knee-guards could prevent 88% of SPOIs. Furthermore, eyewear and head guards could prevent 60.1% of FBC injuries.The usage of fall arrest equipment particularly for only fig and pear tree types could prevent 68.6% of the falls from a tree. Conclusions: Gardening injuries are significant traumas in agricultural regions. By implementing simple and cheap security measures, we can prevent destrucitive traumas.
Driving Organizational Readiness for Change through Strategic Workshops
Authors: Roos Johan , Nilsson Viktor O.
Published: February 2020

Change initiatives in organizations often fail because people are neither committed to nor convinced they can implement the change successfully. The change challenge is a practical problem for most leaders. The vast literature on change management offers insights into obstacles to change and how to overcome them, and the emerging literature on readiness for change offers a plethora of instruments for how to assess it, though primarily in health care settings. However, there is limited advice about how to design workshops around new initiatives in organizations to increase readiness for change. To address this problem, we developed a model of the drivers of change readiness, based on survey data from 374 participants in 69 independently facilitated workshops to test hypotheses. The findings show which constructs have the most predictive power. These results have important implications for how to design and facilitate workshops that increase participants’ readiness for change. The study makes several contributions to the theory and practice of creating shared readiness for change.
The Application of Ju'alah in Islamic Finance: The Malaysian Perspective
Authors: Mohamed Ismail , Mohd Mohd Rafede , Muneeza Aishath
Published: February 2020

Ju’alah is one of the least researched types of Shariah contracts used in Islamic finance. The objective of this paper is to explore the current and potential applications of Ju’alah with specific reference to Malaysian Islamic banking, takaful and the Islamic capital market. This paper establishes that there is potential for using Ju’alah in Islamic finance as a primary and/or secondary contract. It also establishes that Ju’alah can be used in takaful, though it is not being currently used for this in Islamic banking and the Islamic capital market in Malaysia. It is anticipated that the findings of this paper will improve understanding of the practice of Ju’alah in the Malaysian Islamic finance industry.