bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Influence of Training Schedules on Objective Measures of Sleep in Adolescent Academy Football Players
Authors: Brown Georgia A. , Veith Stella , Sampson John A. , Whalan Matthew , Fullagar Hugh H.K.
Published: August 2020

Brown, GA, Veith, S, Sampson, JA, Whalan, M, and Fullagar, HHK. Influence of training schedules on objective measures of sleep in adolescent academy football players. J Strength Cond Res 34(9): 2515–2521, 2020—Football academy settings may pose risks to adolescent athletes achieving sufficient sleep because of the contextual challenges these players face (e.g., psychosocial pressure, changes in training, competition, and academic stress). Given the importance of sleep to overall health as well as physical athletic development and injury risk, this study aimed to investigate whether differences in training schedules (morning vs. evening training sessions) affected objective measures of sleep in adolescent academy football (soccer) players. Twelve academy players (mean age 14.18 ± 1.36 years) wore an ActiGraph accelerometer on nights before, and nights of, training days in 2 separate weeks where morning (09:00–11:00 hours) and evening (18:00–20:00 hours) training occurred. Objective sleep parameters and training load data were collected. Night-time sleep periods were categorized as sleep preceding morning training, preceding evening training, or after evening training. One-way univariate and multivariate analyses of variance for repeated measures were performed to determine the impact of the training schedule on sleep. Significance levels were set at p < 0.05. The total sleep time was below the recommended guidelines (<8 hours) across conditions. A large significant effect of the training schedule on time attempted to fall asleep (p = 0.004, effect size [ES] = 0.40) and time of sleep (p = 0.003, ES = 0.41) was present, with post-evening sessions resulting in the latest times. Overall, the players' sleep behavior was resilient to changes in training schedules. However, the low sleep durations (and potential risks to physical performance/injury) suggest that sleep education coupled with practical interventions are required in this cohort.
Influence of Second Generation Oral Contraceptive Use on Adaptations to Resistance Training in Young Untrained Women
Authors: Dalgaard Line B. , Jørgensen Emil B. , Oxfeldt Mikkel , Dalgaard Emil B. , Johansen Frank T. , Karlsson Mads , Ringgaard Steffen , Hansen Mette
Published: August 2020

Dalgaard, LB, Jørgensen, EB, Oxfeldt, M, Dalgaard, EB, Johansen, FT, Karlsson, M, Ringgaard, S, and Hansen, M. Influence of second generation oral contraceptive use on adaptations to resistance training in young untrained women. J Strength Cond Res 36(7): 1801–1809, 2022—The study purpose was to determine effects of using second generation oral contraceptives (OC) on muscle adaptations to resistance training in young untrained women. Twenty users and 18 nonusers of OC completed a 10-week supervised progressive resistance training program. Before and after the intervention, muscle cross-sectional area (mCSA) of the quadriceps was measured using magnetic resonance imaging and muscle fiber CSA (fCSA) was determined by immunohistochemistry. In addition, body composition (DXA, fat mass/fat-free mass), maximal isometric muscle strength (dynamometry), 5 repetition maximum (5RM) leg press strength, counter movement jump (CMJ) height, and average power using a modified Wingate test were determined. Serum hormone analysis ensured OC compliance and 4-day food records documented dietary intake. After the training period, quadriceps mCSA (OC: 11.0 ± 6.0% vs. non-OC: 9.2 ± 5.0%, p = 0.001), type II fCSA (OC: 19.9 ± 7.9% vs. non-OC: 16.6 ± 7.2%, p = 0.05), muscle strength (knee extension, knee flexion and 5RM, p < 0.001), and functional power (CMJ, AP, p < 0.001) were significantly increased with no significant difference between the groups. However, a tendency toward a greater increase in fat-free mass (FFM) in the OC group was observed (OC: 3.7 ± 3.8% vs. non-OC: 2.7 ± 3.5%, p = 0.08). Collectively, use of second generation OCs in young untrained women did not significantly improve adaptations to 10 weeks of resistance training compared with nonusers. The trend toward greater gains in FFM in the OC group warrant future studies.
Blood Flow Restriction at High Resistance Loads Increases the Rate of Muscular Fatigue, but Does Not Increase Plasma Markers of Myotrauma or Inflammation
Authors: Winchester Lee J. , Morris Cody E. , Badinger Joseph , Wiczynski Teresa L. , VanWye William R.
Published: August 2020

Winchester, LJ, Morris, CE, Badinger, J, Wiczynski, TL, and VanWye, WR. Blood flow restriction at high resistance loads increases the rate of muscular fatigue, but does not increase plasma markers of myotrauma or inflammation. J Strength Cond Res 34(9): 2419–2426, 2020—High-load resistance training and blood flow restriction (BFR) training at low loads both promote protein synthesis and growth through different cell signaling mechanisms. Therefore, co-activation of these pathways could result in a synergistic effect for additional growth enhancement. The purpose of this study was to evaluate how BFR effects performance and physiological responses after an acute bout of high-load barbell squat training. Twelve resistance-trained, college-aged men and women performed 5 sets of barbell squats at 75% of 1 repetition maximum until failure under traditional (TRAD; control) or intermittent BFR conditions. Perceived limb pain and number of repetitions performed were recorded after each set. Blood samples were collected at baseline and 1-hour postexercise after each trial for analysis of myoglobin and interleukin-6 (IL-6). An alpha level of p < 0.05 was used to determine significance. Blood flow restriction trial performance significantly declined at set 3 and was lower than performance during control, whereas control performance did not decrease until set 5. Perceived limb pain was statistically increased with BFR use for the whole trial and was significantly higher with BFR during set 3 than observed during TRAD. Plasma myoglobin and IL-6 were significantly increased after both trials when compared with baseline, but were not significantly different between trials. Intermittent BFR use during high-load barbell squats increases the rate of muscular fatigue and perceived limb pain, but does not increase muscular damage or inflammatory response. Data obtained from this study can be used by fitness professionals as a means of potentially enhancing the rate of muscular hypertrophy.
Ciliary Neurotrophic Factor Receptor rs41274853 Polymorphism Is Associated With Weightlifting Performance in Japanese Weightlifters
Authors: Homma Hiroki , Kobatake Naoyuki , Sekimoto Yusuke , Saito Mika , Mochizuki Yukina , Okamoto Takanobu , Nakazato Koichi , Nishiyama Tetsunari , Kikuchi Naoki
Published: August 2020

Homma, H, Kobatake, N, Sekimoto, Y, Saito, M, Mochizuki, Y, Okamoto, T, Nakazato, K, Nishiyama, T, and Kikuchi, N. Ciliary neurotrophic factor receptor rs41274853 polymorphism is associated with weightlifting performance in Japanese weightlifters. J Strength Cond Res 34(11): 3037–3041, 2020—At least 69 genetic markers are associated with power athlete status. In the present study, we investigated the genotype frequency of the ciliary neurotrophic factor receptor (CNTFR) rs41274853 polymorphism and the association between specific CNTFR genotype and weightlifting performance in Japanese weightlifters. One hundred sixty-five Japanese weightlifters (103 men and 62 women) and 338 controls (122 men and 216 women) participated in the present case-control study. Saliva samples were collected using the Oragene DNA self-collection kit and genotyping for the CNTFR (rs41274853) polymorphism was performed using the TaqMan assay. A questionnaire, noting each subject's best record in an official weightlifting competition, was used to obtain the weightlifting performance. The frequencies of the CNTFR genotypes CC, CT, and TT were 56, 32, 12% in the weightlifters, and 53, 40, and 7% in the controls, respectively. There was no significant difference in CNTFR genotype frequencies between the weightlifters and controls. However, the frequency of the CT + TT genotype was significantly higher in international-level weightlifters than in the national-level weightlifters. The relative value per body weight of snatch, clean, and jerk, and total record were significantly higher in the athletes with CT + TT genotype than in the athletes with CC genotype (p < 0.05). Our results suggest that the CNTFR rs41274853 CT + TT genotype is associated with weightlifting performance in Japanese weightlifters. The CNTFR rs41274853 polymorphism may enable coaches to develop tailor-made training programs for individual athletes. In addition, strength and conditioning coaches could benefit from genetic information when assessing potential athletic talents and creating strength training programs for their athletes.
On the Possible Relaxation of the ASTM E1921 and ASTM E1820 Standard Specifications with Respect to the Use of the Mini-CT Specimen
Authors: Lambrecht Marlies , Chaouadi Rachid , Li Meng , Uytdenhouwen Inge , Scibetta Marc
Published: August 2020

Specimen miniaturization is gaining a lot of interest in the fracture mechanics community thanks to recent methods accounting for specimen size correction. In particular, the miniature compact tension (mini-CT) specimen is gaining large international interest for irradiated surveillance materials used to monitor irradiation damage in reactor pressure vessels. Because of the limited available amount of some of these materials, eight mini-CT specimens can easily be machined from one broken Charpy specimen, avoiding the need of consuming surveillance materials. Specimen reorientation also becomes possible to investigate anisotropic effects. At this stage, ASTM E1921, Standard Test Method for Determination of Reference Temperature, T0, for Ferritic Steels in the Transition Range(Superseded), the standard for brittle fracture, and ASTM E1820, Standard Test Method for Measurement of Fracture Toughness (Superseded), the standard for ductile fracture, are used for this geometry, although it does not fully satisfy the requirements of the standards. In particular, the specifications on the specimen dimensions relative to the specimen width are tight, given that the tolerances are a fraction of the specimen width. Given that the actual dimensions of the specimen are taken into account in the calculations, the analysis described in this article shows that the tight dimensional accuracy is not necessary. Moreover, given the limited thickness of the specimen, the curvature of the fatigue precrack tends to deviate from a quasi-straight front. As a result, a large number of mini-CT specimens do not fulfill the standard requirements with respect to crack front curvature. Previous tests demonstrated that actual cracks excessive curvature lead to similar results when compared with artificial fatigue quasi-straight cracks. The objective of this article is to experimentally demonstrate that some of the standard requirements can be relaxed without jeopardizing the quality of test data, in terms of master curve and crack resistance curve.
Nasogastric administration of lenvatinib solution in a mechanically ventilated patient with rapidly growing anaplastic thyroid cancer
Authors: Kawano Fumiaki , Yonekawa Tadato , Yamaguchi Hideki , Shibata Nobuhiro , Tashiro Kousei , Ikenoue Makoto , Munakata Shun , Higuchi Kazuhiro , Tanaka Hiroyuki , Sato Yuichiro , Hosokawa Ayumu , Takeno Shinsuke , Nakamura Kunihide , Nanashima Atsushi
Published: August 2020

A 54-year-old woman was referred to our hospital with a cervical tumor. CT revealed a cervical tumor extending to the upper mediastinum, tracheal deviation and tumor infiltration in the cervical vessels. She was followed-up because no diagnosis of malignancy was made by cytology. However, 2 months later, a CT scan showed enlargement of the tumor and tracheal stenosis, and a surgical biopsy was performed and she was diagnosed with anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC). The tracheal tube with tracheal stenosis could not be removed due to the rapid growth of the tumor, necessitating management by mechanical ventilation. Due to the difficulty of surgical resection, she was treated with lenvatinib. A lenvatinib solution was made and administered via a nasogastric tube. After lenvatinib treatment, the tumor volume decreased and the tracheal stenosis improved. The tracheal tube was removed and oral intake became possible. She was discharged and received ambulatory lenvatinib therapy. The tumor was significantly reduced in size, but gradually grew and was exposed through the cervical wound 6 months later. Esophageal perforation occurred 10 months after the start of treatment. Lenvatinib was re-administered via a nasogastric tube. Eleven months later, the patient died of massive bleeding from the exposed cervical tumor. Patients with advanced ATC may require management with mechanical ventilation for airway stenosis or with a nasogastric tube for esophageal stenosis and perforation. We experienced a case in which lenvatinib was safely administered via a nasogastric tube while performing mechanical ventilation.

Learning points:

An anaplastic thyroid cancer patient under mechanical ventilator management was treated with lenvatinib via a nasogastric tube.

The lenvatinib solution can easily be prepared and administered via a nasogastric tube.

The lenvatinib solution was effective for a patient with difficulty in oral intake.

Lenvatinib could also improve the prognosis of an anaplastic thyroid cancer patient with severe airway and esophageal trouble.
Punctuated Aneuploidization of the Budding Yeast Genome
Authors: Heasley Lydia R. , Watson Ruth A. , Argueso Juan Lucas
Published: August 2020

Remarkably complex patterns of aneuploidy have been observed in the genomes of many eukaryotic cell types, ranging from brewing yeasts to tumor cells. Such aberrant karyotypes are generally thought to take shape progressively over many generations, but evidence also suggests that genomes may undergo faster modes of evolution. Here, we used diploidSaccharomyces cerevisiaecells to investigate the dynamics with which aneuploidies arise. We found that cells selected for the loss of a single chromosome often acquired additional unselected aneuploidies concomitantly. The degrees to which these genomes were altered fell along a spectrum, ranging from simple events affecting just a single chromosome, to systemic events involving many. The striking complexity of karyotypes arising from systemic events, combined with the high frequency at which we detected them, demonstrates that cells can rapidly achieve highly altered genomic configurations during temporally restricted episodes of genomic instability.
Entre afectos, miedos y culpas. Socialización familiar en medio del desplazamiento forzado
Authors: Serna Lombo Ambar Oriana
Published: August 2020

Este artículo es el resultado de una investigación que tuvo como objetivo comprender las transformaciones que sufren los procesos de socialización de las madres con sus hijos e hijas en situación de desplazamiento, con respecto a sus experienciasen sus familias y municipios de origen. Esta investigación cualitativa planteada desde el construccionismo social se desarrolló con el estudio de caso de tres familias que residen en Ciudad Bolívar, Bogotá. Se presentan algunos hallazgos sobre transformaciones en las manifestaciones de afecto en las generaciones y, el miedo y la culpa como emociones emergentes en la socialización de hijos e hijas en medio del desplazamiento forzoso.
La pertinencia de las ciencias sociales, en la investigación y la educación en salud, desde una mirada cualitativa
Authors: Núñez Rivas Hilda P. , Holst Schumacher Ileana , Campos Saborío Natalia
Published: August 2020

En el marco de la teoría de los intereses constitutivos de saberes de Habermas, las ciencias de la salud no han sido posicionadas, de manera formal en ella para explicar, comprender y transformar sus objetos o fenómenos de estudio a profundidad. Los gremios científicos de las ciencias de la salud han analizado estas ciencias y llevado a cabo los procesos de formación, capacitación y educación continua de su personal con el método científico tradicional del positivismo y han relegado el uso de otros métodos científicos “naturalistas-cualitativos” aportados por las ciencias sociales. El propósito de este ensayo es delinear cuatro aspectos teórico-metodológicos que justifican el uso de métodos mixtos, por lo que se proveen experiencias de investigación con esta metodología. Se concluye que, no es el uso de una técnica particular la que define a una persona investigadora como positivista o interpretativa o sociocrítica, sino que es preciso comprender la existencia de una correlación entre el paradigma y los métodos de investigación cuantitativos y cualitativos y su empleo en una metodología mixta, en aras de estudiar la realidad de forma holista, ya que no es productivo dar preferencia a uno solo de estos estilos de pensamiento y excluir las potencialidades de otros. En consecuencia, lo primordial y necesario es examinar la realidad integralmente, con metodologías pluralistas para potenciar su cambio hacia condiciones de mayor equidad y justicia social.
Significaciones atribuidas por futuras educadoras de párvulos a las TIC incorporadas en su proceso formativo
Authors: Flores-Lueg Carolina , Mena-Bastías Carmen , Navarrete-Troncoso Lucía , Arteaga-González Patricia , Gajardo-Rodríguez Ana
Published: August 2020

Las Tecnologías de la Información y la Comunicación (TIC) y su presencia en la educación, sin duda, han impulsado importantes desafíos para el profesorado, pues este actor se ha visto en la necesidad de desarrollar competencias que le permitan incorporar estas herramientas en sus prácticas docentes con fines pedagógicos, aspecto que debe ser abordado desde su formación inicial. Este artículo expone los resultados de un estudio llevado a cabo en una universidad chilena, cuyo propósito estuvo orientado a determinar el significado que estudiantes de la carrera de Pedagogía en Educación Parvularia le atribuyen a las TIC incorporadas en su proceso formativo, desde una dimensión pedagógica. Se utilizó un enfoque cualitativo, con un diseño de estudio de caso. Se desarrollaron dos grupos focales, donde participaron dieciséis estudiantes, ambos fueron transcritos en forma literal y posteriormente, analizados bajo un proceso de codificación mixta con apoyo del software Atlas.ti v.7. Los resultados evidencian una valoración positiva de estudiantes sobre el uso de TIC con fines pedagógicos en la educación infantil, pero para incorporarlas en el aula primero requieren estar preparadas para ello, aspecto escasamente intencionado dentro del proceso formativo por cuanto solo cursan una asignatura orientada al uso instrumental de estas en primer año de estudios, por lo que sienten una insuficiente preparación para incorporarlas pedagógicamente en el proceso educativo de los párvulos. Se concluye sobre la necesidad de incorporar las TIC trasversalmente en el proceso formativo, con base en experiencias prácticas que permitan una apropiación pedagógica de ellas para transferirlas al aula.
El uso de un modelo interaccionista para el análisis de prácticas docentes
Authors: Fragoza González Ariana , Cordero Arroyo Graciela , Fierro Evans Cecilia
Published: August 2020

El presente ensayo tiene la finalidad de describir el Modelo E-P-R (Epistemológica-Pragmática-Relacional). Este modelo es un referente teórico-metodológico utilizado para la formación de docentes, desde una perspectiva reflexiva. Su autora principal es Isabelle Vinatier. El modelo E-P-R se sustenta en elementos teóricos que provienen de las disciplinas psicológica y sociológica. Para el análisis de la práctica docente, el modelo E-P-R aporta tres categorías teóricas, que refieren a las dimensiones presentes en la práctica docente de forma simultánea: la Epistemológica, la Pragmática y la Relacional (responden a las siglas E-P-R del modelo). El ejercicio reflexivo acerca de la propia práctica docente da pauta para profundizar en cuestionamientos como: ¿cómo se han construido las acciones que se llevan a cabo?, ¿por qué se hacen las cosas de esta manera y no de otra? y ¿qué significado tiene para el propio docente? Esta serie de preguntas pueden marcar la pauta para que la persona docente mejore su práctica a partir de hacerse sujeto consciente sobre su propio actuar. En México, las experiencias formativas con docentes de educación básica que hacen uso del modelo E-P-R evidencian que el modelo fortalece a las personas docentes como sujetos, como profesionales competentes, aportando una mirada autoevaluativa y crítica sobre su práctica y la de sus colegas.
The Sogdian envoy Maniach and his namesakes in China
Authors: Ding Wang
Published: August 2020

Chinese sources document foreign names with phonetic transcriptions and render them in Chinese characters with close, or at least approximate, sound value. Among the Sogdians who were active at the Chinese court of the 6th century there were two persons named He Zhuruo and An Weiruo respectively. The etymology of both names can now be tentatively identified with Maniach, the name which was recorded in a Byzantine source, being that of a Sogdian envoy to Constantinople. Hence the original written form of Zhuruo and Weiruo can be restored with the spelling Moruo. The reason for these misspellings goes back to the graphic similarity of the concerned characters. Some further emendations of similar kinds are also proposed.
A critical edition of Mordecai Qazaz's Crimean Karaim poem Adam oglu ‘Man’s son'
Authors: Aqtay Gulayhan
Published: August 2020

This paper presents a critical edition of Mordecai Qazaz's poem Adam oglu 'Man's son' written in Crimean Karaim probably at the end of the 18th century. It was published in 1841 under another title by Jacob Firkovich who did not provide the name of its author. This publication has not yet been examined. It is only now that we can identify it with Adam oglu. In the present edition, the text is edited on the basis of four manuscripts and the printed edition. Attempt was made to established the basic form of the poem and discuss language features.
The transformations in Roman identity in south-eastern Alps during the Migration Period
Authors: Milavec Tina
Published: August 2020

The author1 discusses some questions on the transformation of Roman identity in the south-eastern Alps and the neighbouring regions, which in late Antiquity represented an area of constant transition. How people dealt with quickly changing powers is an important point of view in the identity discourse, not so much the identity of an individual, but of a population. In the discussed territory it seems Roman identity, such as it was, gradually became something we read as mostly Mediterranean and Christian. It probably goes beyond the kingdoms that followed Rome and most probably even beyond strict ‘Roman-ness’.
Pengaruh Kompetensi Kepemimpinan Kepala Dinas Terhadap Kepuasan Pegawai Di Dinas Pariwisata, Pemuda Dan Olahraga Kabupaten Tasikmalaya
Authors: Kurnia Adi , Andi Andi
Published: August 2020

The purpose of this research is to know, analyze and describe the satisfaction of employees about the behavior of leadership competencies from the top leaders of the organization (Head of Office) in the Tourism, Youth and Sports Agency of Tasikmalaya District. The research method used is a survey research method. The purpose of this survey is to get a picture representing that area correctly. The results of the research and analysis of statistics are obtained as follows: Recapitulation of the overall poll score about the head of Office competence in the Environment Tourism Office of Youth and Sports District Tasikmalaya is already good, a high category with a percentage of 73.19%. Recapitulation of the overall score of the employees ' work satisfaction in the Tourism Office of Youth and Sports District Tasikmalaya is already a good, high category with a percentage of 73.0%. The leadership Competence (X) has a significant effect on work satisfaction (Y) in the environment of the Youth and Sports tourism Office of Tasikmalaya Regency with a magnitude of correlation (R) of 0.873 where this figure indicates that the leadership Competence (X) has a strong relationship to work satisfaction (Y). Data analysis results, simultaneously there is a significant influence between leadership competency (X) To work satisfaction (Y) in the environment of the Youth Tourism and Sports Agency of The Tasikmalaya District.
Method for Ordering Procedures of Dividing States by Procedures with Two and Three Results Taking into Account their Cost and Weight of States
Authors: Efanov Dmitry , Khoroshev Valerii
Published: August 2020

A method for streamlining state partitioning procedures with two and three outcomes is considered. A terminology and methods of the questionnaire theory were used, and the sequence of partitioning procedures itself was defined as a heterogeneous questionnaire with questions having two or three answers. This class of questionnaires is special and is defined by the authors as a class of binary-ternary questionnaires. This is the simplest class of heterogeneous questionnaires. An increase in number of answers to a question in practice can give an advantage in parameters of the questionnaires, including in the indicator of its effectiveness – the average implementation cost. It is noted that the use of binary-ternary questionnaires in practice can reduce the average time for identifying events on a questionnaire, which is extremely important in those applications of questionnaires in which there is a time limit for identifying events, for example, in critical application systems. A method for optimizing binary-ternary questionnaires is presented, based on the search for the most preferred questions for each subset of identifiable events. The choice of preferred questions is based on establishing a comparison relationship between them. The article describes all possible types of comparison relations between two questions with two answers, two questions with three answers, and also between a question with two answers and a question with three answers. An example of obtaining a mathematical expression for a function that characterizes the preference of questions over each other, as well as a generalized formula for choosing the most preferred question for any heterogeneous questionnaires is given. An algorithm has been formed for the method of ordering questions, which allows one to construct a binary-ternary questionnaire with the lowest implementation cost in polynomial time. An example of a binary-ternary questionnaire optimization by the presented method is given.
When Mind and Memory Flee …: Hymns and ministry to people with dementia
Authors: Deans Graham D. S.
Published: August 2020

Drawing on his experience as a part-time hospital Chaplain, Graham Deans reflects on how in worship services for geriatric patients, the singing of familiar hymns very often had the effect of restoring lucidity and comprehension to the minds of dementia sufferers affected by memory loss and confusion. His paper considers therapeutic value of hymn singing and looks in some detail at particular examples of hymns focussed on ageing and dementia.
The Ripple Effect: A Train-the-Trainer Model to Exponentially Increase Organizational Faculty Development
Authors: Servey Jessica , Bunin Jessica , McFate Thomas , McMains K. Christopher , Rodriguez Rechell , Hartzell Joshua
Published: August 2020

This article was migrated. The article was marked as recommended. Introduction:Faculty development is a key component of undergraduate and graduate medical education and is required for accreditation. Many institutions face the challenges of training large numbers of faculty at multiple locations on a recurring basis. In order to meet the faculty development demands of our organization, we implemented a train-the trainer model of faculty development.Methods:A train-the-trainer program was created using deliberate practice as the theoretical framework. The primary goals of the program were to enhance content knowledge and develop facilitation skills of the participants (called faculty trainers). Two separate cohorts received 40 hours of in-person training consisting of attending the faculty development workshops as a learner, providing feedback to course faculty, facilitating and participating in journal club sessions on relevant content, and practicing facilitation and receiving feedback on the workshops. Cohorts 1 and 2 were trained on how to deliver 6 and 7 workshops, respectively. An additional 16 hours of training and further feedback occurred when faculty trainers delivered the workshops at outside institutions. Results:Twenty-nine faculty trainers from 15 specialties and subspecialties were trained, including 18 in the first cohort (January 2018) and 14 in the second cohort (February 2019) with 3 who participated in both cohorts. From January 2018 to January 2020, faculty trainers delivered 298 workshops to 3742 attendees at 25 locations. For the faculty trainers, 1477 evaluations were completed with 1031 (88.1%) rated as excellent, 141 (9.5%) rated as good, and 8 (0.5%) as average. There were no fair or poor ratings.Discussion:Our train-the-trainer program effectively developed a community of national faculty developers. Faculty trainer output was substantial and early evaluations of performance were positive. The model outlined in this paper serves as a potential sustainable model for other institutions desiring to train a cadre of faculty developers for their organization.
The impact of COVID-19 on Medical education and Medical Students. How and when can they return to placements?
Authors: Macdougall Colin , Dangerfield Peter , Katz David , Strain W David
Published: August 2020

This article was migrated. The article was marked as recommended. The defining feature of 2020 will be the early and mid-stages of the covid-19 pandemic, declared by the World Health Organisation on 11th March. Rapid worldwide exponential spread continues and by 15 April, more than 1 900 000 cases and 123 000 deaths had been reported worldwide (WHO, 2020).Health services have coped to varying degrees. One common feature has been the withdrawal of routine care (Iacobucci, 2020a) and 'non-essential' staff including learners, although many have returned to undertake care roles. As the likely timeframe for stabilisation of health services becomes clearer, certainly in the United Kingdom (UK) (Iacobucci, 2020b), medical educators need to rapidly get the teaching of the next generation of health care workers back on track if they are to enter health services as confident and competent practitioners in 2020 and 2021.Although a 'whole world' experience, the effects of covid-19 sit in national contexts. We detail the issues for the UK in re-starting and re-inventing medical education, noting that the principles, if not necessarily the detail, will be common across the world.
The capability of organizational innovation: systematic review of literature and research proposals
Authors: Silva José Jaconias da , Cirani Claudia Brito Silva
Published: August 2020

Abstract: The capability of organizational innovation is an important factor for the company to achieve a higher competitive performance. Understanding how innovation capability emerges, develops, and applies could bring important managerial and scientific contributions. This study investigates the main research results regarding the capability of organizational innovation, indicating some theoretical propositions for future studies, based on the systematic review of the literature. The research aimed to identify the determinants of organizational innovation capability and the context in which the studies are carried out. We conducted a systematic literature review based on the Web of Science database. We identified and analyzed 33 papers through the analysis of content. This study presents several research results regarding the capability of innovation in organizations, divided into internal, external and determinant aspects of innovation capability, as well as the collection of propositions for guiding a research project in depth in questions to be tested in future research. The study also brings practical contributions, as it shows in which context each study on determinants of identified innovation capability is applied, and points out the importance of innovation capability in small companies and in countries.
Evolução temporal e caracterização dos casos de sífilis congênita em Minas Gerais, Brasil, 2007-2015
Authors: Alves Patrícia Iolanda Coelho , Scatena Lúcia Marina , Haas Vanderlei José , Castro Sybelle de Souza
Published: August 2020

Resumo Objetivou-se analisar a tendência temporal da incidência de sífilis congênita (SC) e caracterizar a doença no estado de Minas Gerais (MG) entre 2007 e 2015. Estudo quantitativo, de análise de série temporal, com banco de dados do Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação, referentes aos casos de SC notificados em MG entre 2007 e 2015. Utilizou-se estatística descritiva, cálculo da taxa de incidência de SC e modelo de regressão polinomial para análise de tendência temporal. Os resultados mostraram que no período registraram-se 4.381 casos. A taxa de incidência variou entre 0,61 e 5,08/1.000 nascidos vivos (NV), com incremento na tendência temporal do coeficiente de incidência da SC no período de 2007 a 2015, com variação anual da taxa de 30,6% (IC95%: 21,0 – 41,0). Houve predomínio de recém-nascidos de cor de pele parda (38,7%), faixa etária de até 6 dias de vida (94,7%) e a maioria (63,6%) não apresentou, em relação ao exame físico, qualquer manifestação sugestiva de SC, porém teve diagnóstico definitivo para SC recente (95,2%). O número de casos notificados é crescente, sugerindo que há uma necessidade de melhoria na assistência ao pré-natal, diagnóstico, tratamento adequado, ações de saúde e notificação.
Obesidade abdominal no ELSA-Brasil: construção de padrão-ouro latente e avaliação da acurácia de indicadores diagnósticos
Authors: Eickemberg Michaela , Amorim Leila Denise Alves Ferreira , Almeida Maria da Conceição Chagas de , Pitanga Francisco José Gondim , Aquino Estela Maria Leão de , Fonseca Maria de Jesus Mendes da , Matos Sheila Maria Alvim
Published: August 2020

Resumo Este estudo avaliou a acurácia de indicadores de obesidade abdominal (OA), definindo uma variável latente como padrão-ouro. Foram estudados 12.232 participantes do ELSA-Brasil de 35 a 74 anos. Avaliou-se três indicadores de OA, estratificados por sexo e raça/cor: circunferência da cintura (CC), razão cintura quadril (RCQ) e índice de conicidade (Índice C). Todos os grupos mostraram elevadas prevalências de OA, maiores entre os homens brancos (~70%) e mulheres pretas (~60%). Observou-se alta acurácia da CC para homens, RCQ e índice C entre homens e mulheres para discriminar OA latente. Identificou-se os seguintes pontos de corte para os indicadores de OA entre os homens brancos, pardos e pretos, respectivamente: CC: 89,9; 90,2 e 91,7cm; RCQ: 0,92; 0,92 e 0,90; índice C: 1,24; 1,24 e 1,24. Para as mulheres brancas, pardas e pretas, respectivamente, os pontos de corte identificados foram: CC: 80,4; 82,7 e 85,4cm; RCQ: 0,82; 0,83 e 0,84; índice C: 1,20; 1,22 e 1,19. A CC entre os homens e a RCQ e índice C entre homens e mulheres apresentaram alto poder para discriminar OA latente, sendo o índice C o melhor indicador.
Quality of life and neuropsychomotor development of infants between 4-18 months in daycare center
Authors: Mélo Tainá Ribas , Araujo Luize Bueno de , Yamaguchi Bruna , Ferreira Manoela de Paula , Israel Vera Lúcia
Published: August 2020

Abstract Quality of Life (QoL) is a predictor of development depending on multiple factors, being the QoL of infants still little studied, especially in permanent settings such as infants educational center or daycare centers. Correlate quality of life with age, family income and the neuropsychomotor development of infants between 4 and 18 months of age in daycare centers. Descriptive transverse study research, with clinical trials registration : RBR 2hd6sm on November 2, 2016. Quality of life was evaluated with interviews with the family through Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory-PedsQL™ (Brazilian version). The infants were evaluated in a playful way, through the use of Alberta Infant Motor Scale (AIMS) and Denver II test . 88 infants participated in the study. The infants evaluated had a good quality of life, with scores above 64%. AIMS presented the correlation with for physical functioning and total score of QoL. QoL of infants from 4 to 18 months of age is correlated with their neuropsychomotor development, which suggests the need for investigations between this theme and daycare centers.
Associated factors with excessive weight gain in pregnant women from Maceió, Northeastern Brazil
Authors: Ferreira Raphaela Costa , Tenório Micaely Cristina dos Santos , Tenório Marilene Brandão , Mello Carolina Santos , Oliveira Alane Cabral Menezes de
Published: August 2020

Abstract This article aims to evaluate the associated factors with excessive weight gain in pregnant women from Maceió, the capital of Alagoas, Northeastern Brazil. Cross-sectional study with pregnant women attended in public health in the city of Maceió in 2014, of which socioeconomic, clinical (glycemia, capillary hemoglobin, and blood pressure measurement), dietary, and anthropometric data, including in the latter gestational weight gain, classified as insufficient, adequate and excessive according to the US Institute of Medicine, were collected. The combination of excessive weight gain with the independent variables was tested using the Poisson regression expressed by the Prevalence Ratio (PR) and a 95% confidence interval (CI95%). We studied 403 pregnant women with a mean age of 24.08 ± 6.01 years, with 19.9% of them displayed insufficient weight gain; 14.1% displayed adequate weight gain, and 66.0% displayed excessive weight gain, that was associated with maternal hyperglycemia (PR = 1.35; CI95% = 1.17 to 1.57; p < 0.001). Excessive weight gain is common among pregnant women evaluated with the association of this variable with maternal hyperglycemia.
A narrativa como estratégia na compreensão da experiência do adoecimento crônico: uma revisão de literatura
Authors: Caçador Tania Gonçalves Vieira , Gomes Romeu
Published: August 2020

Resumo O artigo objetiva explorar, na literatura disponível, o uso da narrativa em estudos sobre o adoecimento crônico. Espera-se com esse estudo além de conhecer como têm sido o uso da narrativa nos estudos, contribuir na atenção a pessoas com adoecimento crônico.Metodologicamente, o estudo consiste numa revisão bibliográfica de cunho qualitativo, focalizando artigos com descritores da Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS). Em termos de resultados, destacam-se três sentidos atribuídos ao uso da narrativa pelos autores: técnica para obter depoimentos, método de pesquisa e tipo específico de depoimento; e em termos de principais resultados atribuídos pelos autores com o uso da narrativa, evidenciam-se dois temas: a experiência do adoecimento crônico na perspectiva do sujeito adoecido, com destaque a busca de sentido, ressignificação da cronicidade e estratégias de enfrentamento; e a possibilidade de compreensão do adoecimento crônico, por parte dos profissionais, a partir da experiência do sujeito adoecido. Verifica-se, nos estudos analisados, que o uso da narrativa em si ou o processo de narrar pode possibilitar a ressignificação do processo de adoecimento pelos sujeitos e apontar estratégias para a gestão do cuidado no adoecimento crônico.
Tempo ideal para a realização da visita domiciliar ao recém-nascido: uma revisão integrativa
Authors: Soares Anniely Rodrigues , Guedes Anna Tereza Alves , Cruz Tarciane Marinho Albuquerque de Vasconcelos , Dias Tayanne Kiev Carvalho , Collet Neusa , Reichert Altamira Pereira da Silva
Published: August 2020

Resumo O objetivo foi analisar a produção científica em periódicos online sobre o tempo ideal para a realização da visita domiciliar ao recém-nascido, na primeira semana de vida, e as dificuldades para a efetivação desta, devido à ausência de um consenso acerca do tema. Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa que teve como fonte de dados publicações disponíveis nas bases MEDLINE, BVS, Web of Science e PubMed. Foram identificados 8 estudos publicados no período entre 2010 e 2015. A partir da análise temática evidenciaram-se duas áreas temáticas: Tempo ideal para a primeira visita domiciliar ao recém-nascido e Dificuldades para a efetivação da visita domiciliar ao recém-nascido na primeira semana de vida. Os resultados sugerem que as primeiras visitas devam ocorrer na primeira semana de vida, em especial, até o segundo dia após o nascimento. Porém, há barreiras para a concretização da visita domiciliar, como: barreira geográfica, baixa qualidade dos cuidados fornecidos pelos profissionais, escassa notificação da alta hospitalar do binômio mãe-bebê e desconhecimento das mães sobre a importância dos cuidados pós-natais. Tudo isso pode comprometer a atuação dos profissionais de saúde, fazendo-se necessário investir em capacitação destes e infraestrutura do serviço.
Variaciones del estado cognitivo en el puerperio y sus determinantes: una revisión narrativa
Authors: Carrizo Eugenia , Domini Julia , Quezada Ruth Yohana Julieta , Serra Silvana Valeria , Soria Elio Andrés , Miranda Agustín Ramiro
Published: August 2020

Resumen Las modificaciones neurobiológicas que experimenta la mujer durante el puerperio, junto con los consecuentes cambios psicosociales, determinan variaciones en el funcionamiento cognitivo. Con el objetivo de describir las variaciones cognitivas que ocurren durante el postparto y sus factores determinantes, se desarrolló una revisión narrativa a partir de la búsqueda bibliográfica en PubMed y Google Scholar. Se evidenció un constante crecimiento del número de publicaciones a lo largo de los años (PubMed= 186; Google Scholar= 26730). El análisis de los artículos permitió: a) Caracterizar las funciones cognitivas durante el puerperio; b) Analizar los efectos neuropsicológicos producidos por los cambios endocrinológicos y anatomofisiológicos; c) Analizar el efecto de la calidad del sueño sobre la cognición; d) Analizar las funciones cognitivas en función de las experiencias obstétricas. En conclusión, la mujer puérpera se caracteriza por presentar variaciones en sus funciones cognitivas, las cuales están determinadas por cambios estructurales, funcionales, psicológicos y sociales. Es necesario fomentar investigaciones neuropsicológicas en esta población, ya que la atención del posparto todavía se centra en el cuidado del recién nacido, sin abordar a la mujer puérpera de manera integral.
Education across the life-course and hypertension in adults from Southern Brazil
Authors: Nishida Waleska , Ziersch Anna , Zanelatto Carla , Wagner Kátia Jakovljevic Pudla , Boing Antonio Fernando , Bastos João Luiz Dornelles
Published: August 2020

Abstract The present study examines the association between life-course socioeconomic position (SEP) and hypertension (SAH), focusing on the health impacts of childhood SEP (SEPc), adult SEP (SEPa), as well as SEP mobility. Data from the Brazilian EpiFloripa Cohort Study (n = 1,720; 56% women; 55% <= 30 years) were analyzed. SAH was determined by the average of two measures of systolic and diastolic blood pressure, previous medical diagnosis or use of anti-hypertensive medication (43% of the sample was hypertensive). The main independent variables were: SEPa – participants’ level of education; SEPc – parental educational attainment; and SEP mobility – the socio-economic trajectories from SEPc to SEPa. Five logistic regressions models were adjusted for sex, age or income, and were compared among each other. High SEPa was associated with a 37% reduction in the odds of SAH compared to low SEPa. High SEP over the life course was associated with 34-37% lower odds of SAH compared to persistent low SEP. Mobility models explained more of the outcome variance than the sensitive period model. The results reinforce the importance of education in the risk of SAH and the relevance of a socioeconomic mobility approach for the analysis of social inequalities in health.
Apoio Matricial em Saúde Mental: revisão narrativa do uso dos conceitos horizontalidade e supervisão e suas implicações nas práticas
Authors: Chazan Luiz Fernando , Fortes Sandra Lucia Correia Lima , Camargo Junior Kenneth Rochel de
Published: August 2020

Resumo O Apoio Matricial (AM) é considerado um dos pilares da integração entre os profissionais da Atenção Primária à Saúde (APS) e os profissionais de Saúde Mental (SM). À luz de um breve histórico dos processos de reorganização da APS que levaram à criação da proposta de AM e de considerações sobre seus conceitos fundantes, realizou-se uma revisão narrativa dos artigos sobre AM em SM publicados nas bases de dados nacionais de 1998-2017. Procurou-se compreender os sentidos atribuídos aos termos “horizontalidade” e “supervisão”, assim como as descrições de AM. Buscou-se identificar fatores contribuintes para as dificuldades que têm sido descritas nas práticas, partindo-se do pressuposto de que estes conceitos são polissêmicos e podem gerar ambiguidades que operam prejudicando as ações interprofissionais. Dos 106 artigos encontrados, 39 citaram o termo “horizontalidade’ e 29 citaram “supervisão”. Na análise destes textos concluiu-se que, para além da polissemia, os obstáculos têm sua força no modelo ainda hegemônico de formação profissional em Saúde, tradicional, hierárquico e uni-profissional dificultando o desenvolvimento de relações dialógicas que favoreçam a integração das equipes de apoio matricial e da APS e consequente resolubilidade e qualidade assistencial.
The effectiveness on health education to prevent nipple trauma from breastfeeding: a systematic review
Authors: Oliveira Flávia Silva , Vieira Flaviana , Cecilio Jessica Oliveira , Guimarães Janaína Valadares , Campbell Suzanne Hetzel
Published: August 2020

Abstract Objectives: to analyze the effectiveness on health education to prevent nipple trauma in breastfeeding compared to other interventions. Methods: systematic literature review was carried out in January 2019, according to PRISMA recommendations. The searches were conducted in Cinahl, PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and in the references cited in the selected articles. The studies were assessed for quality and level of evidence according to the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE). Results: twelve studies were selected, all conducted at the maternities. The interventions were classified in two categories: health education on breastfeeding and the use of nipple covers. Health education on breastfeeding presents a moderate level of evidence on the prevention of nipple trauma. There is a moderate to high level of evidence on the positive effects of guaiazulene, gel or peppermint water applied in the postpartum period to prevent nipple trauma. Conclusion: health education on breastfeeding with clinical demonstration is an important strategy to prevent nipple trauma and requires more than one educational approach. The use of nipple covers requires some consideration, since they must be removed prior to breastfeeding. All interventions were conducted in the postpartum period, which points out for the necessity of clinical research to prevent nipple trauma in prenatal care.