bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PERBEDAAN HASIL BELAJAR YANG DIAJARKAN DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN KOOPERATIF TIPE TEAM ASSISTED INDIVIDUALIZATION DAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN KONVENSIONAL
Authors: Pattiasina Natasya , Palinussa Anderson Leonardo , Huwaa Novalin C
Published: April 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui ada tidaknya perbedaan hasil belajar siswa kelas VII SMP Negeri 10 Ambon yang diajarkan dengan menggunakan model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe Team Assisted Individualization (TAI) dan model pembelajaran konvensional pada materi persamaan dan pertidaksamaan linear satu variabel. Tipe peneltian yang digunakan adalah tipe ekperimen dengan desain Post Test Only Group Design. Populasi pada penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswa kelas VII SMP Negeri 10 Ambon yang terdiri dari tujuh kelas dengan jumlah siswa 174 orang. Dari populasi tersebut dipilih dua kelas sebagai sampel dengan menggunakan teknik Purposive Sampling. Kedua kelas yang terpilih yaitu kelas VII6 sebagai kelas eksperimen dan kelas VII5 sebagai kelas kontrol. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan hasil belajar siswa kelas VII SMP Negeri 10 Ambon yang diajarkan dengan menggunakan model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe Team Assisted Individualization (TAI) dan model pembelajaran konvensional pada materi persamaan dan pertidaksamaan linear satu variabel. Hasil pengujian hipotesis dengan menggunakan uji-t pada SPSS 24.0, menunjukkan bahwa Sig. (2-tailed) kurang dari Î± (0.001 < 0.05) yang mengakibatkan H0 ditolak
PERBEDAAN HASIL BELAJAR SISWA YANG DIAJARKAN DENGAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN PROBLEM BASED LEARNING DAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN KONVENSIONAL PADA MATERI OPERASI HITUNG BENTUK ALJABAR
Authors: Anidlah Isak Samany , Molle Juliana Selvina , Ayal Carolina Selfisina
Published: April 2022

Penelitian ini dilatar belakangi oleh hasil belajar matematika siswa yang masih di bawah KKM  serta proses pembelajaran yang masih berpusat pada guru. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbandingan hasil belajar siswa antara model pembelajaran PBL (Problem Based Learning) dan model pembelajaran konvensional. Penelitian ini merupakan tipe penelitian eksperimental (Experimental Research). Dengan desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah post test only control group design. Teknik pengambilan sampel dalam penelitian ini menggunakan sampel total atau sampel jenuh. Populasi dalam penelitian ini seluruh siswa kelas VII yang terdiri dari 9 kelas dimana di ambil dua kelas yaitu kelas VII-6 sebagai kontrol dan kelas VII-7 sebagai kelas eksperimen yang masing-masing berjumlah 26 siswa. Hasil belajar siswa pada penelitian ini dilihat dari nilai post test. Melalui serangkaian uji statistik dilakukan pengujian hipotesis dengan menggunakan analisis statistik deskriptif dan analisis statistik inferensial yang salah satunya menggunakan uji beda rata-rata atau uji-t. intstrumen yang digunakan adalah tes hasil belajar siswa tentang operasi hitung bentuk aljabar. Hasil menunjukan bahawa, terdapat perbedaan hasil belajar siswa kelas VII SMP Negeri 19 Ambon yang diajarkan dengan model pembelajaran PBL ( Problem Based Learning ) dan model pembelajaran konvensional pada materi operasi hitung bentuk aljabar. Dengan bukti rata-rata hasil belajar pada kelas yang diajarkan dengan model PBL (Problem based learning) yaitu 69.16 dan kelas dengan model konvensional yaitu 53.68
PERBANDINGAN HASIL BELAJAR SISWA YANG DIAJARKAN DENGAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN KOOPERATIF TIPE TEAM ASSISTED INDIVIDUALIZATION DAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN KOOPERATIF TIPE THINK TALK WRITE PADA MATERI ARITMATIKA SOSIAL
Authors: Huwae Mersi Yospina , Mataheru Wilmintjie , Ayal Carolina S
Published: April 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui Manakah model pembelajaran yang unggul dari model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe Team Assisted Individualization (TAI) dan model pembelajaran koopertif tipe Think Talk Write (TTW). Tipe penelitian yang digunakan adalah tipe desain Posttest Only Group Design. Sampel dalam penelitian ini dilakukan dengan teknik Purpose Sampling. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat model yang unggul dari model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe Team Assisted Individualization (TAI) dan model pembelajaran koopertif tipe Think Talk Write (TTW). Hal ini ditunjukkan pada hasil perhitungan dengan menggunakan uji lanjut yaitu, uji Tukey’s HSD yang diperoleh nilai HSD = 11,8011 dan dibandingkan dengan nilai rata-rata antar kelompok untuk X1 = 58,79 dan X2 = 67,03, maka nilai X2 = 67,03 mempunyai nilai rata-rata yang tinggi bila dibandingkan dengan nilai HSD  11,8011 yang menyebabkan model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe Think Talk Write  (TTW) yang lebih unggul
Effect of Carbon Nanoparticles on the Performance Efficiency of a Solar Water Heater
Authors: Al-Salim Wasan L. , Al-Asadi Jassim M. , Mahdi M. A.
Published: April 2022

Carbon nanoparticles are prepared by sonication using carbon black powder. The surface morphology of carbon black (CB) and carbon nanoparticles (CNPs) is investigated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The particles size ranges from 100 nm to 400 nm for CB and from 10 nm to 100 nm for CNPs. CNPs and CB are mixed with silicon glue of different ratios of 0.025, 0.2, 0.05, and 0.1 to synthesis films. The optical properties of the prepared films are investigated through reflectance and absorbance analyses. The ratio of 0.05 for CNPs and CB is the best for solar paint because of its higher solar water heater efficiency and is then added to the silicon glue . Temperature of cold water and temperature of hot water in storage tank were tabulated on hourly basis with the help of an Arduino device. The atmospheric temperature was also noted. It was observed that outlet temperature of water was attained up to 75°C as compared to the inlet water temperature of 23°C for the tank applied with CNP-based paint. The tank applied with CNP-based paint has 4 °C higher water temperature than that coated with CB-based paint after 1 month of test under sun irradiation. Based on the results, the efficiency of a solar water heater depends on the difference in temperature of inlet water and outlet of heater. The efficiency of the solar water heater coated with CNPs is around 77% but the solar water heater coated with CB has an efficiency of  67%.
Szent István Zalavári okleveleiről
Authors: Szőke Melinda
Published: April 2022

On the Zalavár Charters of Saint Stephen The paper studies the circumstances of the creation and the philological attributes of the two Zalavár charters of King Saint Stephen and also introduces the history of the Abbey of Zalavár. The Zalavár charters dated 1019 and 1024 are two of the charters of Saint Stephen that are considered to be forged. The two charters (of the altogether six forged charters of Saint Stephen) studied here are part of the same charter group both historically and linguistically as the Pécsvárad and Bakonybél charters. Due to their uncertain chronological status, the charters may preserve multiple chronological layers both from the perspective of historical onomastics and linguistics. The charters are dated as follows: +1019 [beginning of the 14th century]/+1328/1347/1370 and +1024 [middle of the 14th century]/+1339/1350. The paper provides the information necessary for the specific linguistic analysis of charters with an abundant Hungarian language corpus (the 1019 charter includes 68 remnants and the 1024 document 38).
Szepes vármegye elnevezésének lehetséges motivációiról
Authors: Kenyhercz Róbert
Published: April 2022

Possible Name-Giving Motivations For the Name of Szepes County Even today, there are several possible explanations in scholarly publications for the origin of the name of Szepes County. Some consider the Hungarian Szepes, others the Slavic Spiš, while yet another group the German Zips name variant to be primary. In one of my earlier papers I discussed the phonological relationship between particular linguistic forms. This perspective, however, did not bring clear results as my conclusion was that the name form of the two other languages cannot be deduced by regular means from any of the name forms. Therefore in this paper I revisit this issue by focusing on another element of toponym reconstruction. This time I provide an overview of the possible namegiving motivations of Szepes County within the context of the name-giving of counties in the Árpád Era. I reexamine the earlier etymologies in view of the history of Szepes County, the population of the area, and relevant early data.
A III. Egri szójegyzék és a 18. századi magyar zsiványnyelvi glosszáriumok kapcsolatai
Authors: Kis Tamás
Published: April 2022

Glossary III of Outlaw Language from Eger and Relations between 18th-century Hungarian Outlaw Language Glossaries The paper presents Glossary III of Outlaw Language from Eger found in the Archives of Kecskemét. This glossary clearly reveals the relationship between 18th-century glossaries of Hungarian outlaw language. The most important conclusion affecting our previous knowledge of the topic is that Glossary III of Eger proves that Glossary I of Böszörmény was not an independent collection but a copy of Glossary III of Eger made in Böszörmény. This resulted in a paradox in which the finding of Glossary III of Eger did not increase but rather reduced the number of glossaries of Hungarian outlaw language.
TVET Graduates Employability for Construction Industry: A Mixed-Method Study
Authors:   Department of Technology and Vocational Education, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, NIGERIA, Auta Mohammed A. , Onwusuru Ijeoma M. ,   Department of Technology and Vocational Education, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, NIGERIA
Published: April 2022

Studies conducted in the past indicated that, there exist a gap between what the industries want and what the respective institutions especially TVET institutions of higher learning produced due to near absence of employability skills. This is a report on the study of employability skills that TVET graduate aspiring to work in the construction industry should acquire. The study adopted mixed-methods design and the participants comprises of 439 construction industry practitioner with varying roles and years of experience. Questionnaire and interviews were used to collect data, while mean, standard deviation was used to analyze the quantitative data. Thematic analysis was used to analyze the qualitative data. The findings of the study indicated that, personal qualities, teamwork skills, communication skills, problem solving skills, leadership skills, informational skills and technological skills were identified as essential skills TVET graduates are expected to possess to be able to work effectively in the construction industry.
HUBUNGAN PENGAWASAN ORANG TUA DENGAN PRESTASI BELAJAR SISWA PAUD AMI AMSAYU KALIDERES JAKARTA BARAT
Authors: Helensu Helensu , Putrie Chientya Annisa Rahman
Published: April 2022

Prestasi perlu dimiliki oleh setiap siswa, karena itu modal awal untuk kemajuan siswa itu sendiri. Berdasarkan studi pendahuluan terhadap evaluasi belajar siswa PAUD Ami Amsayu diketahui bahwa siswa PAUD Ami Amsayu memiliki prestasi belajar rata-rata. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan peningkatan prestasi belajar siswa PAUD Ami Amsayu. Peningkatan ini dapat dipengaruhi oleh berbagai macam faktor. Salah satunya faktor lingkungan, khususnya pengawasan orang tua. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode survey dengan teknik korelasional. Dalam penelitian ini, teknik korelasional digunakan untuk membuktikan ada atau tidaknya hubungan Pengawasan orang tua dengan prestasi belajar siswa RA. Nurul Ulum Tangerang. Penelitian dilaksanakan di PAUD Ami Amsayu Kelideres Jakarta Barat. Penelitian dimulai bulan Juli sampai Agustus 2021. Dari hasil penelitian yang telah dilakukan, dapat ditarik kesimpulan yaitu terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara pengawasan orang tua dengan prestasi siswa. Dari hasil uji determinasi yang menunjukkan bahwa D sebesar 38,44%. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa kontribusi pegawasan orang tua dalam meningkatkan prestasi siswa sebesar 38,44% dan ini berarti pengawasan orang tua memberi kontribusi yang cukup besar terhadap peningkatan prestasi siswa
ANALISIS KONFLIK DAN PENGARUHNYA TERHADAP MUTU PENDIDIKAN DI RAUDHATUL ATHFAL (RA) AL-KAHFI KOTA MEDAN
Authors: Neliwati Neliwati , Nasution Sri Rahayu , Suyatmika Yulita , Zaini Muhammad Fuad
Published: April 2022

This study aims to analyze the conflict that occurred in RA Al-Kahfi, Medan City, and its effect on the quality of education. Analyze the conflicts that occur and the quality of conditions in RA. The research method used is a qualitative method by applying a case study approach. The results of the study are (1) the conflict that occurred in RA Al-Kahfi Medan (2) to improve the quality it is necessary to have the right strategy in empowering educational staff through cooperative cooperation, providing opportunities for educational staff to improve their profession. and encourage the involvement of all education personnel in various activities that support school programs, one of which is administration, teachers are able to manage themselves in carrying out learning process activities, teachers must have learning tools prepared before the learning process is carried out
Goiânia: um estudo sobre as transformações sociais com o Golpe de 64 – e outros escritos
Authors: de Assis Pinto Aguiar Alessandro
Published: April 2022

Tudo que está imediatamente presente à consciência de alguém é tudo aquilo que está na sua mente no instante presente. Nossa vida inteira está no presente. Mas, quando perguntamos sobre o que está lá, nossa pergunta vem sempre muito tarde. O presente já se foi, e o que permanece dele já está grandemente transformado, visto que então nos encontramos em outro presente, e se pararmos, outra vez, para pensar nele, ele também já terá voado, esvanecido e se transmutado num outro presente. Lucia Santaella
KERJA SAMA DIBIDANG USAHA ANTAR KOPERASI DAN KERJA SAMA ANTAR KOPERASI DIBIDANG BUKAN USAHA
Authors: Az-Zahra Nola
Published: April 2022

Koperasi melandaskan kegiatannya berdasarkan prinsip gerakan ekonomi rakyat yangberdasarkan asas kekeluargaan. Kinerja koprasi khusus mengenai perhimpunan, koperasiharus bekerja berdasarkan ketentuan undang-undang umum mengenai organisasi usaha(perseorangan, persekutuan, dsb.) serta hukum dagang dan hukum pajak. Organisasi koperasiyang khas dari suatu organisasi harus diketahui dengan menetapkan anggaran dasar yangkhusus. Selain itu koperasi juga menjalin kerja sama di bidang usaha yang bertujuan untuklebih memajukan koperasi itu sendiri. Dengan demikian, kita perlu mempelajari lebih dalamtentang kerjasama koperasi dibidang usaha tersebut.
A Comparison of Non‑uniform Sampling and Model-based Analysis of NMR Spectra for Reaction Monitoring
Authors: Steimers Ellen , Matviychuk Yevgen , Friebel Anne , Münnemann Kerstin , von Harbou Erik , Holland Daniel J.
Published: April 2022

Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy is widely used for applications in the field of reaction and process monitoring. When complex reaction mixtures are studied, NMR spectra often suffer from low resolution and overlapping peaks, which places high demands on the method used to acquire or to analyse the NMR spectra. This work presents two NMR methods that help overcome these challenges: 2D non-uniform sampling (NUS) and a recently proposed model-based fitting approach for the analysis of 1D NMR spectra.We use the reaction of glycerol with acetic acid as it produces five reaction products that are all chemically similar and, hence, challenging to distinguish. The reaction was measured on a high-field 400 MHz NMR spectrometer with a 2D NUS-heteronuclear single quantum coherence (HSQC) and a conventional 1D 1H NMR sequence. We show that comparable results can be obtained using both 2D and 1D methods, if the 2D volume integrals of the 2D NUS-HSQC NMR spectra are calibrated. Further, we monitor the same reaction on a low-field 43 MHz benchtop NMR spectrometer and analyse the acquired 1D 1H NMR spectra with the model-based approach and with partial least-squares regression (PLS-R), both trained using a single, calibrated data set. Both methods achieve results that are in good quantitative agreement with the high-field data. However, the model-based method was found to be less sensitive to the training data set used than PLS-R and, hence, was more robust when the reaction conditions differed from that of the training data.
Effect Measure Modification by Covariates in Mediation: Extending Regression-Based Causal Mediation Analysis
Authors: Li Yi , Mathur Maya B , Solomon Daniel , Ridker Paul M. , Glynn Robert J. , Yoshida Kazuki
Published: April 2022

In this paper, we generalize the closed-form regression-based mediation analysis approach proposed by Valeri and VanderWeele (2013, 2015) to accommodate effect measure modification by the covariates. We show that covariate levels can affect the presence and magnitude of EMM of the conditional NDE and NIE, and that the dependence of the NDE and NIE depend on covariates is affected by the link functions of mediator and outcome models as well as the strength of EMM and of exposure-mediator interaction. Our proposed approach is implemented in R package regmedint (version 1.0.0), available at https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/regmedint/index.html.
13C-NMR Spectroscopic Study of the Kinetics of Formaldehyde Oligomerization Reactions in the System (Formaldehyde + Water + Isoprenol)
Authors: Dyga Maximilian , Keller Alexander , Hasse Hans
Published: April 2022

Isoprenol (3-methyl-3-buten-1-ol) is an important intermediate in the chemical industry, which is used, for example, in the production of citral. It is produced from aqueous formaldehyde and isobutene and has to be separated from mixtures containing formaldehyde and water in the purification process, which is complicated, as formaldehyde is highly reactive and forms oligomers with both water and isoprenol. These oligomerization reactions are slow under conditions relevant for the isoprenol process so that reliable information on the kinetics of the formaldehyde oligomerization reactions is needed for understanding and modeling the process. While this information is already available for the oligomerization reactions of formaldehyde and water, there is no information yet on the kinetics of the oligomerization reactions of formaldehyde and isoprenol. Therefore, reaction kinetic experiments in the systems (formaldehyde + isoprenol) and (formaldehyde + water + isoprenol) were performed in the present work using quantitative 13C-NMR spectroscopy at temperatures ranging from 282 to 333 K and at pH values ranging from 0.6 to 6.8. Based on the new experimental data and information taken from the literature, a reaction kinetic model was developed, which describes the reaction kinetics in the system (formaldehyde + water + isoprenol) and its binary formaldehyde-containing subsystems. A first application of the model to a thin-film evaporation process is presented.
Analisis permintaan dan penawaran agregat
Authors: Nirwana
Published: April 2022

Permintaan agregat sering ditulis AD (agreggate demand) adalah jumlah total pembelanjaan oleh rumah tangga konsumen, perusahaan dan pemerintah pada berbagai tingkat harga. penawaran agregat (agreggate supply) sering ditulis AS menunjukkan pada total kuantitas barang yang bersedia dihasilkan oleh seluruh produsen dalam suatu perekonomian pada berbagai tingkat harga dalam suatu periode tertentu.
KEDUDUKAN PANCASILA SEBAGAI SUMBER HUKUM
Authors: Sarjana I Dewa Gede
Published: April 2022

Pancasila merupakan ideologi bangsa Indonesia yang menjadi dasar negara, pandangan hukum dan cita hukum (rechtidee) masyarakatnya dalam menjalani kehidupan berbangsa dan bernegara. Selain itu, Pancasila juga sarat dengan penghargaan terhadap nilai-nilai kemanusiaan dan perlindungan terhadap hak asasi manusia. Hal yang sama pernah diungkapkan oleh Satjipto Rahardjo di mana kedudukan Pancasila merupakan dasar dan sumber yang mengalirkan nilai, ide, tentang bagaimana masyarakat Indonesia hendaknya diorganisasikan.
Buku Ujian Sekolah PAI SMP/MTS Tahun 2021
Authors: Qosim Nanang
Published: April 2022

Buku Ujian Sekolah PAI SMP/MTS Tahun 2021
Enrichment at Vapour–liquid Interfaces of Mixtures: Establishing a Link between Nanoscopic and Macroscopic Properties
Authors: Stephan Simon , Hasse Hans
Published: April 2022

Component density profiles at vapour–liquid interfaces of mixtures can exhibit a non-monotonic behaviour with a maximum that can be many times larger than the densities in the bulk phases. This is called enrichment and is usually only observed for low-boiling components. The enrichment is a nanoscopic property which can presently not be measured experimentally – in contrast to the classical Gibbs adsorption. The available information on the enrichment stems from molecular simulations, density gradient theory, or density functional theory. The enrichment is highly interesting as it is suspected to influence the mass transfer across interfaces. In the present work, we review the literature data and the existing knowledge on this phenomenon and propose an empirical model to establish a link between the nanoscopic enrichment and macroscopic properties – namely vapour–liquid equilibrium data. The model parameters were determined from a fit to a dataset on the enrichment in about 100 binary Lennard-Jones model mixtures that exhibit different types of phase behaviour, which has recently become available. The model is then tested on the entire set of enrichment data that is available in the literature, which includes also mixtures containing non-spherical, polar, and H-bonding components. The model predicts the enrichment data from the literature (2,000 data points) with an AAD of about 16%, which is below the uncertainty of the enrichment data. This establishes a direct link between measurable macroscopic properties and the nanoscopic enrichment and enables predictions of the enrichment at vapour–liquid interfaces from macroscopic data alone.
Politicians Support (and Voters Reward) Party Reforms to Promote Ethics and Transparency
Authors: Pereira Miguel M. , Coroado Susana , de Sousa Luis , Magalhães Pedro
Published: April 2022

We study how political elites and voters respond to intra-party reforms to promote transparency and ethical conduct. Evidence from a paired conjoint analysis from politicians and voters in Portugal and Spain.
Bahan Ajar Tenis Lapangan
Authors: Budi Didik Rilastiyo , Syafei Muhamad , Listiandi Arfin Deri , Widanita Neva
Published: April 2022

Tenis lapangan merupakan salah satu olahraga permainan yang sangat menarik untuk dilakukan. Dalam perkembangannya sampai saat ini, olahraga tenis lapangan telah dimainkan oleh berbagai lapisan masyarakat, mulai dari anak-anak hingga remaja dengan tujuan sebagai salah satu olahraga prestasi yang mereka tekuni. Orang dewasa hingga lansia melakukan olahraga tenis lapangan sebagai salah satu olahraga rekreasi dan untuk menjaga kesehatan badan, serta menjalin kerjasama dengan berbagai pihak yang berkepentingan dari sisi sosial hingga mempererat ikatan kerja sama antar perseorangan dan intansi.Di lingkungan pendidikan, tenis lapangan sudah mulai dikenalkan dari jenjang sekolah dasar hingga perguruan tinggi. Tenis lapangan dijadikan sebagai salah satu alat untuk menggali potensi siswa dan mahasiswa melalui kegiatan olahraga, mengembangkan tiga aspek pendidikan yaitu kognitif, afektif dan psikomotor.Pembelajaran tenis lapangan di perguruan tinggi dalam hal ini yang terdapat di Fakultas Ilmu-Ilmu Kesehatan dan Program Studi Pendidikan Jamani) memiliki bobot 1 SKS Praktek, dan 1 SKS Teori. Di perguruan tinggi, tenis lapangan diajarkan kepada mahasiswa dengan tujuan membekali mahasiswa untuk dapat menguasai teknik dasar dan memahami bagaimana cara mengajarkan tenis lapangan kepada siswa di SD, SMP maupun SMA. Jadi, pola pembelajaran yang diberikan akan berbeda, karena mahasiswa tidak hanya dituntut untuk bisa melakukan berbagai teknik dasar tenis lapangan akan tetapi juga harus bisa mengajarkan tenis lapangan kepada orang lain.
MAKALAH MANAJEMEN KOPERASI
Authors: sandita riana putri , sandita riana putri
Published: April 2022

Para manajer profesional koperasi menggunakanmetoda yang sama seperti manajemen pada umumnya. Hanya saja nilai-nilai dan tujuanyang harus diperjuangkan metode itulah yang membuat manajemen koperasi unik danberbeda dari manajemen lainnya. Fungsi utamanya adalah mengupayakankepemimpinan koperasi bagi anggota dan pengurus terpilih di dalam pengembangankebijakan dan strategi yang akan memberdayakan koperasi dalam mewujudkan citacita atau tujuannya
Resume ekonomi makro
Authors: Febianil
Published: April 2022

Permintaan agregat sering ditulis AD (agreggate demand) adalah jumlah total pembelanjaan oleh rumah tangga konsumen, perusahaan dan pemerintah pada berbagai tingkat harga. Semakin tinggi tingkat harga maka semakin kecil belanja barang oleh pelaku-pelaku ekonomi dan sebaliknya jika harga semakin rendah, maka belanja barang dan jasa yang dilakukan pelaku-pelaku ekonomi dalam suatu perekonomian akan semakin meningkat. Sedang penawaran agregat (agreggate supply) sering ditulis AS menunjukkan pada total kuantitas barang yang bersedia dihasilkan oleh seluruh produsen dalam suatu perekonomian pada berbagai tingkat harga dalam suatu periode tertentu. Semakin besar nilai investasi riil maka akan meningkatkan kapasitas produksi suatu perekonomian dan pada akhirnya akan meningkatkan jumlah total nilai penawaran barang dan jasa.
Makalah Manajemen Koperasi
Authors: Jannah Miftahul
Published: April 2022

Manajemen merupakan salah satu bagian penting dari organisasi koperasi. Berhasil tidaknya suatu koperasi sangat tergantung pada mutu dan kerja dalam bidang manajemennya. Apabila orang-orang manajemen itu memiliki kejujuran, kecakapan dan giat dalam bekerja maka besarlah kemungkinannya koperasi akan maju pesat atau setidaknya jika terjadi kebangkrutan akan mudah ditanggulangi. Tetapi sebaliknya, jika orang-orang ini tidak cakap, curang atau tidak berwibawa tentulah koperasi akan mundur atau tidak semaju seperti yang diharapkan.
Kerjasama dibidang usaha antar koperasi
Authors: widiyanti
Published: April 2022

koperasi yaitu menjadikan kondisi sosial dan ekonomi anggotanya lebih baik dibanding sebelum bergabung dengan koperasi. Koperasi adalah merupakan singkatan dari kata ko / co dan operasi / operation. Koperasi adalah suatu kumpulan orang-orang untuk bekerja sama demi kesejahteraan bersama. Berdasarkan undang-undang nomor 12 tahun 1967, koperasi indonesia adalah organisasi ekonomi rakyat yang berwatak sosial dan beranggotakan orang-orang, badan-badan hukum koperasi yang merupakan tata susunan ekonomi sebagai usaha bersama berdasar atas asas kekeluargaan.
PRINSIP-PRINSIP MANAJEMEN DALAM ALQURAN DAN HADIST
Authors: Ahmad Rahmayani
Published: April 2022

Makalah ini berjudul prinsip-prinsip manajmen dalam alquran dan hadist, sbagaimana yang kita ketahui bahwa al-quran dan hadist adalah segala sumber dari sesuatu pengetahuan yang ada di bumi. Manajemen sendiri ialah dapat di artikan sebagai penertiban, pengaturan, pengurusan, perencanaan dan persiapan Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk lebih memahami bagaiman konsep manajmen yang terdsapat dalam al-quran dan hadist. Penulis berharapagar makalah ini dapat di pergunakan atau di manfaat oleh sesama rekan mahasiswa dalam mencari ilmu.Kata kunci: manajmen, al-quran dan hadist.
ANALISIS PERMINTAAN DAN PENAWARAN AGREGAT
Authors: Ilman Afnan Nur
Published: April 2022

Permintaan agregat adalah jumlah barang dan jasa akhir yang dihasilkan dalam perekonomian yang diminta oleh rumah tangga perusahaan dan pemerintah pada berbagai tingkat harga. Penawaran agregat menyatakan jumlah keseluruhan barang dan jasa yang diproduksi oleh perusahaan dan dijual pada tingkat harga tertentu.
Resume analisis penawaran dan permintaan agretif
Authors: khairunnisa Nur
Published: April 2022

Menurut John Maynard Keynes, situasi makro suatu perekonomian ditentukan oleh apa yanng terjadi dengan permintaan agregat masyarakat apabila permintaan agregat melebihi penawaran agregat (atau output yang dihasilkan) dalam priode tersebut, maka akan terjadi situasi “kekurangan produksi”. Pada produksi berikutnya output akan naik atau harga akan naik, atau keduanya terjadi bersama-sama. Apabila permintaan agregat lebih kecil daripada penawaran agregat, maka situasi kelebihan produksi terjadi. Pada priode berikutnya output akan turun atau keduanya terjadi bersama-sama.
Buku USBN PAI SMP/MTS Tahun 2020
Authors: Qosim Nanang
Published: April 2022

Buku USBN PAI SMP/MTS Tahun 2020
Relative Permittivity of Stockmayer-Type Model Fluids from MD Simulations and COFFEE
Authors: Kohns Maximilian , Marx Joshua , Langenbach Kai
Published: April 2022

The relative permittivity is a property that depends on the orientation structure of a fluid. Thus, using state-of-the-art equations of state it can be modeled only when using high level techniques, such as nonprimitive models. This is a drawback, especially when electrolytes are present: when using a primitive model, an auxiliary model for the relative permittivity must be introduced. Here, we pursue a different approach to predict the relative permittivity. The recently developed ‘Co-Oriented Fluid Functional Equation for Electrostatic Interactions‘ (COFFEE) framework considers the mutual orientation of molecular dipole moments. It thereby enables a prediction of the relative permittivity when combined with Kirkwood’s theory. To assess these predictions obtained from COFFEE, we present a comprehensive set of molecular simulation data for the relative permittivity of Stockmayer-type model fluids at wide ranges of temperature and density. Continuing a previous work, we extend the range of states considered to the homogeneous vapor, liquid, and supercritical regions. We find that when plotting the relative permittivity as a function of the ratio of density and temperature, all data points for a certain fluid collapse onto a single master curve. To a good approximation, the same holds for experimental data of the relative permittivity of water. By comparing the molecular simulation results with COFFEE, a good overall agreement is observed. Both data sets follow the same qualitative trends. Also reasonable quantitative agreement is found for many state points, the only exception being dense states at low temperatures.
Multi-criteria Optimization for Parametrizing Excess Gibbs Energy Models
Authors: Forte Esther , Kulkarni Aditya , Burger Jakob , Bortz Michael , Küfer Karl-Heinz , Hasse Hans
Published: April 2022

Thermodynamic models contain parameters which are adjusted to experimental data. Usually, optimal descriptions of different data sets require different parameters. Multi-criteria optimization (MCO) is an appropriate way to obtain a compromise. This is demonstrated here for Gibbs excess energy (GE) models. As an example, the NRTL model is applied to the three binary systems (containing water, 2-propanol, and 1-pentanol). For each system, different objectives are considered (description of vapor-liquid equilibrium, liquid-liquid equilibrium, and excess enthalpies). The resulting MCO problems are solved using an adaptive numerical algorithm. It yields the Pareto front, which gives a comprehensive overview of how well the given model can describe the given conflicting data. From the Pareto front, a solution that is particularly favorable for a given application can be selected in an instructed way. The examples from the present work demonstrate the benefits of the MCO approach for parametrizing GE-models.
Top 25% Institutions and Economists in Viet Nam, as of March 2022
Authors: Mai Nhat Chi
Published: April 2022

This page is part of a larger set of rankings for research items, serials, authors and institutions made available on this site. A FAQ is available. Only authors registered with the RePEc Author Service are considered. Only works listed on RePEc and claimed as theirs by registered authors are counted. A series of rankings by different criteria are aggregated. The average rank score is determined by taking a harmonic mean of the ranks in each criterion. For a list of criteria, see the general ranking page. Authors with multiple affiliations have their score distributed across regions according to the affiliation shares they provided. The ranking is performed using the set of authors or institutions within the region, recomputing the scores within the set. The ranking done by simply looking up the worldwide ranking for those authors or institutions from this region is provided in the W.Rank column and put in [square brackets]. There are 64332 registered authors evaluated for all the rankings. Authors with multiple affiliations are attributed to each institution according to the weights they have set to each in their profile, or by default according to a formula described here. Authors affiliated with subentities of institutions listed in EDIRC are also counted in the latter. Only institutions listed in EDIRC are counted. Subentities of ranked institutions do not increment the rank count and have their rank listed in parentheses. Authors with multiple affiliations have their score distributed across regions according to the affiliation shares they provided. The ranking is performed using the set of authors or institutions within the region, recomputing the scores within the set. The ranking done by simply looking up the worldwide ranking for those authors or institutions from this region is provided in the W.Rank column and put in [square brackets]. Please note that rankings can depend on the number of registered authors in the respective institutions. Register at the RePEc Author Service to be counted. There are 8561 institutions with 64332 registered authors evaluated for all the rankings.
Correction to “Relative Permittivity of Dipolar Model Fluids from Molecular Simulation and from the Co-Oriented Fluid Functional Equation for Electrostatic Interactions”
Authors: Langenbach Kai , Kohns Maximilian
Published: April 2022

The relative permittivity of dipolar fluids is important in many industrial and scientific applications (e.g., whenever electrolytes or electromagnetic fields are present). For nonpolarizable model molecules, it is directly linked to the mutual molecular orientation and therefore is usually not accessible by equations of state. However, the recently developed co-oriented fluid functional equation for electrostatic interactions (COFFEE) allows for calculating the orientation distribution function of simple polar molecules and thereby establishes a connection between the thermodynamic behavior and the relative permittivity. In this article, we develop an expression to calculate the relative permittivity from the orientation distribution known from COFFEE. Furthermore, we calculate the relative permittivity of simple polar fluids using molecular simulations. We study the original Stockmayer fluid and the shifted Stockmayer fluid in which the dipole is shifted away from the Lennard-Jones center along the dipole axis. For both fluids, different dipole strengths are investigated. The results from the theoretical expression from COFFEE are compared to the simulation data. Thereby, a possible link between polar equations of state and electric fields or electrolytes is developed.
High Flow-Rate Benchtop NMR Spectroscopy Enabled by Continuous Overhauser DNP
Authors: Kircher Raphael , Hasse Hans , Münnemann Kerstin
Published: April 2022

Analysis of a fast-flowing liquid with NMR spectroscopy is challenging because short residence times in the magnetic field of the spectrometer result in inefficient polarization buildup and thus poor signal intensity. This is particularly problematic for benchtop NMR spectrometers because of their compact design. Therefore, in the present work, different methods to counteract this prepolarization problem in benchtop NMR spectroscopy were studied experimentally. The tests were carried out with an equimolar acetonitrile + water mixture flowing through a capillary with a 0.25 mm inner diameter at flow rates up to 2.00 mL min–1, corresponding to mean velocities of up to 0.7 m s–1. Established approaches gave only poor results at high flow rates, namely, using a prepolarization magnet, using a loopy flow cell, and using a T1 relaxation agent. To overcome this, signal enhancement by Overhauser dynamic nuclear polarization (ODNP) was used, which is based on polarization transfer from unpaired electron spins to nuclear spins and happens on very short time scales, resulting in high signal enhancements, also in fast-flowing liquids. A corresponding setup was developed and used for the studies: the line leading to the 1 T benchtop NMR spectrometer first passes through a fixed bed with a radical matrix placed in a Halbach magnet equipped with a microwave cavity to facilitate the spin transfer. With this ODNP setup, excellent results were obtained even for the highest studied flow rates. This shows that ODNP is an enabler for fast-flow benchtop NMR spectroscopy.
Endogenous systems leadership for education in crises: A framework for inclusive and equitable quality education in low- and middle-income countries
Authors: Mitchell Rafael , Agbaire Jennifer , Paulson Julia , Sprague Terra , Tikly Leon
Published: April 2022

The working paper develops a framework for ‘endogenous systems leadership’ as a means of supporting the distribution of leadership across the local, middle and central tiers of complex education systems in low- and middle-income countries affected by crisis; in ways that respect the values, knowledge, practices and agency of actors in these contexts, which are characterised by the involvement of multiple international partners with a remit to support, and an obligation to respect and not override, local authority and decision-making. The framework identifies entry points for strengthening endogenous systems leadership of inclusive and equitable quality education for all.Acknowledgments: This research was conducted through a grant from IIEP-UNESCO, which was made possible thanks to generous financial contributions by the European Commission’s Service for Foreign Policy Instruments. We gratefully acknowledge the support of Stephanie Bengtsson and Anna Seeger (IIEP-UNESCO) throughout the development of this paper, and Arlo Kitchingman (Save the Children) for providing critical feedback on an earlier draft.
TUGAS KOPERASI SYARIAH DAN UMKM
Authors: Melisa
Published: April 2022

Kerjasama koperasi adalah hubungan antara perkumpulan yang beranggotakan orang - orang atau badan -badan hukum,baik antara koperasi dengan koperasi maupun koperasi dengan bukan koperasi dengan bidang usaha, karena untuk mrningkatkan kegiatan usahanya membutuhkan bantuan orang lain atau organisasi lain.
Dissociation between task structure learning and performance in human model-based reinforcement learning
Authors: Hamroun Sabrine , Lebreton Maël , Palminteri Stefano
Published: April 2022

The multi-step learning paradigm has become the dominant paradigm to investigate the trade-off between model-free reinforcement learning – which only leverages state-action-reward associations – and model-based reinforcement learning – which additionally builds on an explicit representation of state-transitions. Experimentally, while reward values usually have to be learned by trial-and-errors, state-transitions are customarily provided by instructions and extensive training. Accordingly, little is known about the learning strategies that are implemented in the ecological situation in which action-state-transitions are not known ex-ante. To fill this gap, we administered a new version of the two-step tasks, in which action-state-transitions have to be learned in parallel of reward values, to two cohorts of participants tested in the lab (N=30) and online (N=200). While choice patterns in the learning phase showed little sign of model-based learning, participants still accurately retrieved action-state-transitions in post-learning assessments. Together our results reveal an intriguing dissociation between knowledge and performance in human reinforcement learning: while reward values and the action-state-transitions can be concomitantly learned in the two-step paradigm, choices do not seem to benefit from model-based computations.
Adaptive optimal stimulus selection in cognitive models using a model averaging approach
Authors: Fujita Kazuya , Okada Kensuke
Published: April 2022

Stimulus selection based on the maximum Fisher information (MFI) principle enables the efficient estimation of participant parameters of cognitive models with elaborated experimental tasks. However, in typical applications, a single model is assumed to be true, whereby model uncertainty is ignored, causing poor performance of MFI-based stimulus selection. To address this problem, this study proposes the model-averaged MFI stimulus selection method that simultaneously considers multiple models based on the model averaging framework. Three simulation studies were conducted to investigate the performance of the proposed method. The results found that the proposed method performed as well as the ideal case in which the true model is known, with conventional MFI under a misspecified model performing worse. They demonstrate the superiority of the proposed approach because the true model is unknown in reality. The proposed method enables robust stimulus selection leading to high efficiency in parameter estimation. *This paper has been accepted for publication in Behaviormetrika.
A short review of the Casimir effect with emphasis on dynamical boundary conditions
Authors: Juárez Aubry Benito Alberto , Weder Ricardo
Published: April 2022

We give a short review on the static and dynamical Casimir effects, recalling their historical prediction, as well as their more recent experimental verifications. We emphasise on the central role played by so-called dynamical boundary conditions (for which the boundary condition depends on a second time derivative of the field) in the experimental verification of the dynamical Casimir effect by Wilson et al. We then go on to review our previous work on the static Casimir effect with dynamical boundary conditions, providing an overview on how to compute the so-called local Casimir energy, the total Casimir energy and the Casimir force. We give as a future perspective the direction in which this work should be generalised to put the theoretical predictions of the dynamical Casimir effect experiments on a rigorous footing.
Evolution of the media: map of a discipline under construction. A review
Authors: Scolari Carlos A.
Published: April 2022

The vertiginous explosion of new forms and experiences of communication that have emerged in the last 30 years cannot be compared with other moments in the history of humanity. The rapid transformation of the media ecosystem and the technological sphere in general is putting old scientific theories and models to the test. The very idea of “ecosystem” or widely used concepts such as “emergence” (of new media) or “adaptation” or even “extinction” (of old media), albeit metaphorically, point in the same direction: the development of an evolutionary theory of media change. This review article aims to map the different approaches and contributions that come together in an evolutionary theory of the media, understood for all purposes as a transdisciplinary work-in-progress. The article opens with a reflection on the processes of theoretical construction, continues with a map of Media Ecology –a “field of inquiry” inspired by the works of Marshall McLuhan and Neil Postman– and concludes this first approach with the authors who worked on the evolutionary dimension of media change. It could be said that the evolutionary theory of the media already exists, but it is scattered in countless texts and investigations waiting to be articulated. The article concludes with a first identikit of the Evolution of the Media, understood as a theoretical field under construction but more than necessary to understand the past and contemporary transformations of the media ecosystem.
Economic creativity development through training in organic fertilizer production
Authors: Arumi Endah Ratna , Haidar Muhammad , Fauzi Muhammad , Jati Aldhysma Tresna , Rahman Fajar Aulia , Aulia Iza Azizah Rizki
Published: April 2022

Sugihmas Village is one of the villages in the Grabag subdistrict where the majority of residents are farmers and ranchers who are members of the Association of Farmers Groups (Gapoktan). This activity attempts to recycle agricultural waste and livestock waste into organic fertilizer in order to boost agricultural production and improve livestock health. The approach of problem solving is accomplished through socialization and production of liquid fertilizer, as well as through training and mentoring in the creation of liquid fertilizer. Along with liquid organic fertilizer, this activity produces dry organic fertilizer.
An index of student learning enthusiasm based on digital learning empowerment during the Covid-19 in Gondangmanis Village
Authors: Zulfikar Zulfikar , Zahro Amilia Zakiyatuz , Abidah Izzatul
Published: April 2022

During the Covid-19 period, digital learning is the last option, and it is causing concern among parents about the possibility of student learning returning to normal. According to the findings of the community survey, parents faced numerous challenges, as evidenced by students' decreased enthusiasm for learning. Based on the existing issues, community service activities in the Gondangmanis village are required, as well as intensive assistance in developing student interest through online learning empowerment. According to the results of the student ability assessment, 90% of the students are in the "very good" category. The average index value of 182.9 for Kandangan hamlet and 153.3 for Manisrenggo hamlet indicates that students in Gondangmanis village are more interested in online learning. This means that during the pandemic, community empowerment activities based on the use of digital learning can increase student learning enthusiasm.
Empowerment of the Disaster Risk Reduction Forum (FPRB) through communication monitoring tools for cold lava floods in Sumber Village, Magelang Regency
Authors: Nurjanah Adhianty , Iswanto Iswanto , Prawoto Nano
Published: April 2022

When the Merapi eruption happened in 2010, members of the Disaster Risk Reduction Forum (FPRB) as well as disaster communicators in Sumber Village, Magelang Regency, still had limitations in using communication and information technology to carry out disaster mitigation. As a result, community-based disaster mitigation communication tools and training are required. This service will be implemented by providing training and assistance to participants on how to use cold lava communication monitoring tools. According to the findings, 85 percent of the participants improved their knowledge and skills in the area of community-based disaster communication. As a result of this service, the Sumber Village FPRB community now has a monitoring tool that can also be used as a disaster communication tool.
Quality assistance for MI Muhammadiyah, Salam District towards a great madrasa with dignity
Authors: Nugroho Irham , Apriana Rani Nur , Andriani Santi , Aeni Ulfa Nur , Hafidh Fahmi Muhammad , Nurrokhman Riza Ahmad
Published: April 2022

This service activity is aimed at improving the quality of MI in order to create a great Madrasa with dignity. This activity uses a participatory rural appraisal (PRA) approach which is carried out in three stages, namely socialization, training, and mentoring. Through training and mentoring, the potential and quality of education personnel has increased. Moreover, the service team is renovating the infrastructure, so that it can support the effort to create a great and dignified madrasa.