bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A questão do sentido e do sagrado na modernidade
Authors: Perine Marcelo
Published: July 2015

O texto parte de uma compreensão da modernidade nos termos de uma virada antropológica, que caracteriza a cultura ocidentala partir do século XVII. As figuras de Descartes e de Hobbes assinalam, respectivamente, a descoberta da subjetividade e do indivíduo. Emseguida, reflete sobre o problema de Deus no discurso filosófico: a atitude da fé é tematizada na compreensão do homem como imagem deDeus e do mundo como estrutura racional teleologicamente ordenada para Deus. Finalmente, o texto propõe a compreensão da experiência religiosa e da contingência nos termos de uma experiência do sentido, pela qual o ser humano pode abrir-se para a atitude da fé radical como reconhecimento do que dá sentido à existência de cada um.
O paradoxo francês do sistema
Authors: Grau Donatien
Published: July 2015

Propomos, a título provisório, uma definição do “sistema” como modo de reflexão que, assim como a sua etimologia grega indica-o, “(se) mantém junto” e jaz numa concepção do discurso filosófico como uma espécie de arborescência, onde, de um tronco comum, emanariam os ramos delimitando tantos domínios da filosofia. No fundo, o sistema seria então a forma tomada por esta ação que chama-se “filosofar”, e constituiria a forma material “da filosofia” – ela assumiria, de certa maneira, o seu papel de estrutura.
Método ou sistema? Por uma metafísica local
Authors: During Elie
Published: July 2015

Precisão, análise, enquete: estas noções carregam uma ideia da filosofia que mesmo os mais convencidos dos bergsonistas têm dificuldade para sustentar na prática, tão forte é a pressão que pesa sobre cada um para produzir uma filosofia identificável, suscetível de encontrar seu lugar no jogo dos sistemas. É que nas condições fixadas por Bergson, não poderia existir sistema senão “por provisão”, o tempo de uma questão.
Green technology leads to increased professional indemnity claims
Authors: Bowyer Andrew
Published: July 2015

Professional indemnity claims against civil engineers involved in delivering innovative ‘green’ technology projects have significantly increased in the past year. Andrew Bowyer of global insurance broker Willis recommends a ‘back-to-basics’ approach when dealing with insurers.
Suitability of heat-cured low-calcium fly ash-based geopolymer concrete for precast applications
Authors: Noushini Amin , Babaee Mahdi , Castel Arnaud
Published: July 2015

This paper discusses the advantages of using low-calcium fly ash (FA)-based geopolymer concrete (GPC) for precast applications when high early-age strength is required. Heat curing is known to be the reaction accelerator for both Portland cement (OPC) concrete and the newly emerged GPC. Here, the influence of 12 different heat-curing regimes, as well as internal curing, on mechanical properties of an FA-based GPC is investigated. The curing regimes include three temperatures of 60, 75 and 90°C, and four curing durations of 8, 12, 18 and 24 h. Results are compared with that of OPC concrete counterpart, with the same amount of binder and aggregate. Test results show that, in optimum heat-curing conditions, GPC can achieve more than 90% of its 28 d compressive strength after 1 d, compared to only 55% to 71% for normal concrete. The optimum heat-curing regime for GPC, combining best performance and energy efficiency, is found to be 75°C for 18 h. Contrary to conventional concrete, heat curing has no detrimental effect on the long-term compressive strength of GPC. It is concluded that, for precast applications, FA-based GPC appears to perform better than OPC concrete in terms of both early and long-term compressive strength using the same amount of binder.
Mould release technologies with regard to concrete surface finish
Authors: Shyha Islam , Richardson Alan , Coventry Kathryn , Ponton Hazel
Published: July 2015

Concrete durability is in part dependent upon the quality of the concrete cover zone. The type of mould release technology used has a direct effect on the surface finish of fair-faced concrete, and this in turn affects long-term durability. This work examined two mould release agents (MRAs), one permeable formwork liner and a type 1 polypropylene fibre concrete combined with a single MRA. Cubes were cast in film-faced plywood moulds using C40 concrete that enabled comparisons to be drawn between the MRAs. The pilot study examined a range of variables for two different reactive MRAs (FS (petroleum based) and CL (vegetable oil based)). The release agents used are commercially available as reactive-based MRAs. In addition, controlled permeability formwork (CPF) and a concrete mix with polypropylene fibre additions were used. The pilot study results showed that the CPF liner produced the least number of blowholes and, in that respect, was the best performing technology used. Consequently, the CPF provided the most likely finish that would provide long-term durability. None of the technologies employed produced a completely uniform colour throughout, but the CL MRA cubes and polypropylene fibre reinforced cubes produced the most consistent colouring. Two of the best performing mould release products (CPF and FS) were then tested using a high-resolution optical measurement system and the initial results were examined in much greater detail, taking account of surface roughness, pore volume and pore size. The CPF proved to produce a better finish than the FS release agent.
Improved flame-retardant properties of HIPS/ATH system by organo Fe-montmorillonite
Authors: Zhang Xingguang , Li Yanjun , Yan Shuai , Kong Qinghong , Zhang Junhao
Published: July 2015

High-impact polystyrene nanocomposites (HIPS) with aluminium trihydroxide (ATH) and organo-modified Fe-montmorillonite (Fe-OMT) were prepared by melting intercalation. The nanocomposite structures were characterized by X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy. The results show that the intercalated and exfoliated nanocomposites were formed. Accordingly, the thermal stability and flame-retardant properties were evaluated by thermogravimetric analysis, limiting oxygen index, UL94 and the cone calorimeter test. The results indicated that the nanocomposites had excellent thermal stability and the char yield was also improved. When 4 wt% organo-modified Fe-MMT was added in the HIPS/ATH (46 wt%) composites, the nanocomposites were able to achieve UL94 V-0 grade. The heat release rate, total heat release, and mass loss rate of the nanocomposites were reduced. Furthermore, the addition of Fe-OMT could further improve the smoke suppression property of HIPS composites. The improved flame-retardancy caused by Fe-OMT in the HIPS/ATH matrix maybe due to a reinforced char layer which prevents the diffusion of the oxygen and decomposed organic volatiles in the flame during combustion.
Finite-element investigation of cold-formed steel portal frames in fire
Authors: Johnston Ross P.D. , Lim James B.P. , Lau Hieng Ho , Xu Yixiang , Sonebi Mohammed , Armstrong Cecil G. , Mei Chee Chiang
Published: July 2015

This paper presents the results of a full-scale site fire test performed on a cold-formed steel portal frame building with semi-rigid joints. The purpose of the study is to establish a performance-based approach for the design of such structures in fire boundary conditions. In the full-scale site fire test, the building collapsed asymmetrically at a temperature of 714°C. A non-linear elasto-plastic finite-element shell model is described and is validated against the results of the full-scale test. A parametric study is presented that highlights the importance of in-plane restraint from the side rails in preventing an outwards sway failure for both a single portal and full building geometry model. The study also demonstrates that the semi-rigidity of the joints should be taken into account in the design. The single portal and full building geometry models display a close match to site test results with failure at 682°C and 704°C, respectively. A design case is described in accordance with Steel Construction Institute design recommendations. The validated single portal model is tested with pinned bases, columns protected, realistic loading and rafters subject to symmetric uniform heating in accordance with the ISO 834 standard fire curve; failure occurs at 703°C.
Development of a saturation and stress-dependent chord modulus model for unbound granular material
Authors: Aswegen E , Steyn W , Theyse H
Published: July 2015

Unbound granular material is used in the pavement structure and usually comprises the bulk of the structural and foundation layers of a typical South African pavement. The term unbound granular material refers to the classification of natural material, which has not been modified in any way. Unbound granular material is classified from a G1 to G10 quality according to its fundamental behaviour and strength characteristics. Young's modulus and Poisson's ratio are theoretical concepts of linear elasticity that can at best approximate experimental results of actual material elastic response. In their basic linear elastic form, Young's modulus and Poisson's ratio are rather poor approximations of actual unbound granular material behaviour. The non-linear, stress-dependent behaviour of unbound granular material can, however, be simulated using the linear elastic model as a basis, but with a proper constitutive material model that adheres to the observed material behaviour. The objective of this paper is to utilise a chord modulus model and calibrate it for a range of unbound granular material classifications. The model was calibrated for five bulk material samples, ranging from G2 to G8. The calibration process included linking variables of the model to mathematical functions that approximate the trends observed when variables were considered against degree of saturation. A parametric analysis indicated that the saturation-and stress-dependent chord modulus model realistically predict material behaviour. The trends depict the stress-dependent behaviour of unbound granular material, where an increase in initial modulus is observed for increasing confinement pressure, as well as initial stress softening with increasing stress ratio followed by stress stiffening. It can be concluded from the results presented in this paper that a saturation- and stress-dependent chord modulus model could be refined and calibrated for crushed and natural unbound granular material. This refinement did not negatively influence the accuracy or ability to realistically predict the material behaviour. The preliminary conclusions reported in this paper indicate that the chord model formulation yield satisfactory predictions, especially when the model is calibrated for each individual material type.
Using small-strain stiffness to predict the load-settlement behaviour of shallow foundations on sand
Authors: Archer A , Heymann G
Published: July 2015

Foundation settlement prediction is a challenging task due to the difficulties associated with the quantification of the soil stiffness and the abundance of available analysis methods. Of the different soil stiffness moduli that may be measured, the initial small-strain stiffness is important since it can be measured both in the field and the laboratory, and settlement prediction methods using this parameter are becoming more common. The objective of this paper is to present a settlement prediction method for shallow foundations that only uses small-strain stiffness as input parameter. The method was developed by conducting physical modelling in the geotechnical centrifuge at the University of Pretoria to quantify the behaviour of shallow foundations on sand. Bender and extender elements were used to obtain the small-strain stiffness profile below the foundation before it was vertically loaded and the load-settlement curve determined. The tests were conducted on different density sands corresponding to loose, medium-dense and dense sand. A non-linear stepwise analysis approach was used in conjunction with a softening function, with variables calibrated to obtain the best fit solution for the different sand densities. Results indicate that the accuracy of the proposed method decreases as the sand density increases, but that load-settlement behaviour can be predicted with reasonable accuracy.
Some shortcomings in the standard South African testing procedures for assessing heaving clay
Authors: Stott P , Theron E
Published: July 2015

Design of foundations for most light structures in South Africa, and in particular for low-cost housing, relies heavily on particle size analysis and the determination of Atterberg Limits. The tests for these properties are currently performed in commercial materials testing laboratories using the procedures of the CSIR's Technical Methods for Highways Part 1 (TMH1) (CSIR 1986). SANS 3001 (SANS 2011) is being phased in to replace TMH1. Both are primarily concerned with road construction. Investigations at the Central University of Technology indicate serious shortcomings in both of these norms in the context of foundation design for light structures. Highly plastic material is not usually used as road construction material, and these methods may be adequate to simply identify material so plastic that they should not be used in road construction. Structural foundations, particularly for low-cost housing, do not usually have this option; it is essential to estimate the actual heave potential. This investigation suggests that some of the changes proposed in SANS 3001 may be beneficial for heave assessment, but the most likely application of SANS 3001 could be unsatisfactory in many cases.
Hazard of sinkhole formation in the Centurion CBD using the Simplified Method of Scenario Supposition
Authors: Oosthuizen A , van Rooy J
Published: July 2015

A large part of the land south of Pretoria is underlain by dolomite from the Chuniespoort Group of the Transvaal Supergroup. In South Africa, dolomite rock has a notorious reputation for the formation of sinkholes and subsidences. Thousands of people reside and work in the Centurion area, where numerous sinkholes have occurred, causing damage and in some instances loss of property and even lives. Centurion has rapidly densified over the last 40 years, with an increase not only in the number of people, but also in the density of waterborne services. This paper proposes draft guidelines for the allocation of an Inherent Hazard Class for percussion boreholes, referred to as the 'Simplified Method of Scenario Supposition'. This method was then used to classify the Centurion CBD and surrounding area.
Роль образовательного кредита в обеспечении доступности услуг высшего профессионального образования
Authors: Sedova Marina
Published: July 2015

Седова Марина Леонидовна — кандидат экономических наук, профессор кафедры «Государственные и муниципальные финансы» Финансового университета при Правительстве Российской Федерации.  Эл. адрес: sedfin@mail.ru Адрес: Финансовый университет при Правительстве Российской Федерации — 125993, Москва, Ленинградский проспект, 49.Перспективы образовательного кредитования в Российской Федерации оцениваются на основании анализа места кредитов в системе финансирования образования, правовых основ образовательного кредитования, а также итогов эксперимента по государственной поддержке предоставления кредитов на образование.Актуальность оценки роли образовательного кредитования в финансировании услуг высшего профессионального образования обусловлена необходимостью найти наиболее эффективные механизмы обеспечения этих услуг, которые позволили бы расширить доступ к высшему образованию, оптимизировать расходы федерального бюджета (в отдельных случаях региональных бюджетов) на высшее образование, а также увязать финансирование образования с востребованностью будущей профессиональной деятельности как одним из параметров качества образовательных услуг.В условиях сложившегося в стране представления о высшем профессиональном образовании как об общественном благе образовательное кредитование предлагается рассматривать как дополнительный, а не как основной источник финансирования услуг высшего образования. При условии сокращения бюджетных мест в высших учебных заведениях переориентация бюджетных ассигнований с непосредственного финансирования услуг высшего профессионального образования на государственную поддержку образовательных кредитов, предоставляемых абитуриентам и студентам коммерческими банками, позволит расширить доступность услуг высшего профессионального образования при значительно меньших расходах федерального и региональных бюджетов.В связи с тем, что потенциальные возможности механизма образовательного кредитования в России в настоящее время фактически не использованы, даны рекомендации по его эффективной реализации.
Функциональная и жанрово-тематическая специфика школьных СМИ
Authors: Danilina Anna
Published: July 2015

Данилина Анна Андреевна — аспирантка Института международного права и экономики имени А.С. Грибоедова. Эл. адрес: aadanilina@mail.ru Адрес: Институт международного права и экономики имени А.С. Грибоедова — Россия, 111024, Москва, ш. Энтузиастов, д. 21.На основе анализа функциональных, структурных и содержательных особенностей современных школьных печатных изданий исследуется их принадлежность к разряду корпоративной прессы; выявляются основные характеристики их производства, функционирования и распространения, а также методы взаимодействия с аудиторией.При сопоставлении школьной и корпоративной прессы сходство обнаруживается в первую очередь в формате изданий, ограниченности тиража и адресованности внутренней аудитории. На основании данных анкетирования редакторов школьных изданий выделены основные функции школьной прессы, среди которых определяющей является ее роль как средства образовательно-воспитательного взаимодействия с учащимися. Сравнительный анализ данных анкетирования и результатов исследования рынка корпоративной прессы показал сходство функций школьных и корпоративных изданий.При анализе источников финансирования школьных СМИ выявлено, что большинство из них прямо или опосредованно издаются на средства администрации школы или сотрудников школьной редакции, что аналогично модели финансирования корпоративных изданий. Принципу функционирования корпоративных СМИ соответствуют и использование школьными газетами технологических и кадровых ресурсов учебного заведения.Корпоративный характер школьной прессы подтверждает и исследование тематики данных изданий: их материалы отражают преимущественно жизнь школы. Наличие в них PR- и рекламных текстов, активизирующих внутришкольную жизнь, также свидетельствует о принадлежности школьных СМИ к категории корпоративных изданий. На это же указывает и практически полное отсутствие критики каких-либо явлений внутри учебного заведения.Реализуя стратегии распространения и завоевания аудитории, свойственные корпоративным СМИ, школьные издания становятся средством формирования и поддержания внутришкольной культуры, способом ее продвижения.
Социолингвистика школы: модель для сборки. Рецензия на книгу: Язык, общество и школа / под общ. ред. К. С. Федоровой. М.: Новое литературное обозрение, 2012
Authors: Maslinsky Kirill
Published: July 2015

Маслинский Кирилл Александрович — научный сотрудник лаборатории социологии образования и науки НИУ ВШЭ Санкт-Петербург. Эл. адрес: kirill@altlinux.org Представлена содержательная и структурная организация рецензируемой книги. Выделены и прокомментированы основные рассматриваемые в ней проблемы: выбор языка образования, преподавание языков в школе, распространенные в школе дискурсивные практики, роль языковой социализации и стереотипов о языке в академической судьбе школьников. Поясняется, что сближение этих тем обусловлено установкой на максимально полное вовлечение социолингвистических методов и теорий в понимание языковых процессов в школе. Обращается внимание на то, что объединение в книге нескольких крупных тем, которые до этого в социолингвистике существовали изолированно и изучением которых ранее занимались разные группы исследователей, практически не апеллирующие в своих работах к опыту друг друга, позволило представить целостный социолингвистический взгляд на школу. Анализируется, каким образом авторы книги моделируют проблемное поле, обозначенное ими как «социолингвистика школы». Отмечается выявленная авторами перспективность исследования данной области: собранный в книге сравнительный материал и аналитическая работа авторов показывают, насколько широк круг вопросов школьного образования, которые стоит рассматривать сквозь призму языка, и насколько мало им уделяется внимания в отечественных исследованиях образования.Среди достоинств книги называются сопровождение каждой темы описанием более общего понятийного аппарата, известных результатов, многочисленных примеров языковых ситуаций в разных обществах; отсутствие переноса результатов исследований одной культуры на другую. Подчеркивается обусловленность применения социолингвистического инструментария, разработанного в западных исследованиях, к школьному образованию и к современной российской школе.
Интерпретация и представление результатов ЕГЭ: проблемы и возможные решения
Authors: Valdman Igor , Bochenkov Sergey
Published: July 2015

Боченков Сергей Анатольевич — эксперт независимого агентства оценки качества образования «Лидер». Эл. адрес: s_bochenkov@mail.ru Адрес: Независимое агентство оценки качества образования «Лидер» — Россия, 428003, г. Чебоксары, проезд Школьный, д. 10А, офис 11.Вальдман Игорь Александрович — кандидат педагогических наук, заведующий лабораторией контроля и мониторинга в образовании Института управления образованием Российской академии образования. Эл. адрес: iavaldman@gmail.com Адрес: Институт управления образованием Российской академии образования — Россия, 119121, Москва, ул. Погодинская, д. 8, корп. 2.Обсуждаются возможности, ограничения и риски использования результатов ЕГЭ, обусловленные спецификой системы образования в стране и практикой проведения Единого экзамена. Рассматриваются особенности анализа и интерпретации результатов ЕГЭ для разных целей и для разных групп пользователей. Для каждой группы пользователей необходимо применять особую модель анализа и интерпретации результатов оценочной процедуры и свою систему ключевых показателей. Собственно результаты ЕГЭ без привлечения других данных могут использоваться лишь для двух целей: для подтверждения освоения или не освоения образовательной программы среднего общего образования и для отбора кандидатов на продолжение обучения в вузе. При оценке деятельности учителя, школы и образовательных систем результаты ЕГЭ могут использоваться лишь в сочетании с другими данными, характеризующими различные результаты деятельности. Результаты ЕГЭ должны выступать лишь одной из характеристик сложного портрета результатов учителя. При условии корректной интерпретации результатов ЕГЭ они могут быть использованы для управления качеством образования, в частности для объективного сравнения результатов обучения в разных территориальных системах и в разных учебных заведениях, а также для отслеживания динамики изменений. Правильно поданная информация позволяет делать верные заключения и принимать адекватные управленческие решения на каждом уровне.Предлагаются варианты интерпретации результатов, ориентированные на учителя, школу и образовательную систему. Определена рамка требований к качеству работы учителя и школы через призму ЕГЭ.
Buchbesprechung: Datenqualität in Stichprobenerhebungen. Eine verständnisorientierte Einführung in Stichprobenverfahren und verwandte Themen.
Authors: Stadlober Ernst
Published: July 2015

Das Buch spiegelt die langjährige Erfahrung des Autors als Forscher und Lehrer auf dem Gebiet des Stichprobenziehens aus endlichen Grundgesamtheiten wider. Mit großem didaktischen Geschick wird die Leserschaft behutsam Schritt für Schritt in das Fachgebiet eingeführt.
Covariance Structure of Compositional Tables
Authors: Fačevicová Kamila , Hron Karel
Published: July 2015

Recent experiences with interpretation of orthonormal coordinates in compositionaldata show clearly a necessity of their better understanding in terms of logratios that formthe primary source of information within the logratio methodology. This is even morecrucial in the special case of compositional tables, where both balances and coordinateswith odds ratio interpretation are involved. The aim of the paper is to provide a decompo-sition of covariance structure of orthonormal coordinates in compositional tables in termsof logratio variances that could serve for this purpose. For their better interpretability,the formulas are also accompanied with appropriate comments and graphical illustrations,and implications for the prominent case of 2 2 compositional tables are discussed.
A poesia portuguesa contemporânea
Authors: Pereira Edgard
Published: July 2015

O grupo Cartucho, a narrativa e a sedução, articuladas a
expressão do desejo: o corpo e a escritura enquanto práticas
libertárias.

Le groupe Cartucho, la narrativité et la séduction, articulée à
l’expression du desir: le corps et l’écriture en tant que pratiques
libertaires.
Os sósias paródicos de Lobo Antunes
Authors: Rocha Helenice Maria Reis
Published: July 2015

Tomando por base a obra As Naus, de Antônio Lobo Antunes,
procedi a uma análise do exercício da paródia levado a efeito
pelo autor. Comparando o procedimento parodístico neste
escritor com o riso medieval observei que, tanto no caso em
questão como no riso medieval, estudado por Mikail Bakthin
no seu estudo sobre Rabelais, observa-se uma queda do
sublime ao grotesco, no sentido de achincalhar os círculos
oficiais. Todavia, enquanto em Rabelais esse rebaixamento
visa à uma recondução à condição humana, em Lobo Antunes
nos apresenta toda uma galeria de personagens notáveis da
história de Portugal completamente desvestidos da sua aura
de heroismo e reconduzidos à banalidade e ao non-sense do
mundo contemporâneo. A escolha do título deste estudo se
dá em razão de se observar que o tratamento que é dado aos
personagens os transforma em sósias paródicos dos atores da
história de Portugal.

Tomando como base la obra As Naus (Los Navios), de Antônio
Lobo Antunes, procedí a un análisis del ejercicio de la parodia
llevado a cabo por al autor. Comparando el procedimento
parodístico de este escritor con el humorismo medieval observe
que, tanto en el caso parodístico como en al humorismo
medieval, estudiado por Mikail Bakthin en su estudio sobre
Rabelais, se observa una tendencia de lo sublime a lo grotesco,
en el sentido de ridicularizar los círculos oficiales. A pesar
que en Rabelais esse rebajamiento apunta a una reconducción
de la condición humana, Lobo Antunes nos presenta toda
uma exposición de personajes notables de la historia de
Portugal completamente desnudos de su aura de heroismo y
devueltos a la trivialidad y al non-sense del mundo
contemporaneo. Escojí el título de este estudio en razón de
observarse que el tratamiento dado a los personajes los
transforma en sosias parodicos de los actores de la historia de
Portugal.
A crítica cultural de Darcy Ribeiro
Authors: Coelho Haydée Ribeiro
Published: July 2015

Esse ensaio apresenta, de forma sucinta, alguns aspectos que
se relacionam a textos antropológicos e literários de Darcy
Ribeiro. Tem como objetivo situar as idéias do escritor no
contexto dos estudos culturais contemporâneos. Para isso,
focaliza a perspectiva política do autor diante da cultura e a
passagem do escritor da Antropologia para a literatura, através
da publicação de Uirá sai à procura de Deus.
Para concluir, aborda também as idéias do autor no contexto
da razão latino-americana.

Cet essai présente, sous la forme succinte, quelques aspects
qui se rapportent aux textes anthropologiques et littéraires de
Darcy Ribeiro. Il a pour but de situer les idées de l’écrivain là
dans le contexte des études culturelles contemporaines. Pour
cela, on envisage la perspective politique de Darcy Ribeiro
devant la culture et devant la Anthropologie et aussi le trajet
de l’écrivain de l’Anthropologie à la littérature à travers de la
publication de Uirá sai à procura de Deus.
Pour concluire, on examine aussi des idées du
l’anthropologue dans le contexte de la raison latino-américaine.
A pesquisa em literatura e os processos de construção da memória
Authors: Oliveira Luiz Cláudio Vieira de
Published: July 2015

Este texto propõe uma reflexão sobre a memória como um
processo permanente e dinâmico de seleção e de construção
de seu próprio conteúdo, na forma de um trabalho semiótico
de produção de signos. A pesquisa universitária, ao orientarse
para o futuro, consiste também num procedimento de
resgate e de construção da memória.

Ce texte propose une réflexion sur la mémoire comme un
procédé permanent et dinamique de choix et de construction
de son propre contenu, dans la forme d’un travail semiotique
de production de signes. La recherche universitaire, dans son
orientation vers le future, constitue aussi um procédé pour le
rachat et la construction de la mémoire.
Resenha: SCLIAR, Moacyr. A majestade do Xingu. São Paulo: Companhia das Letras, 1997.
Authors: Coelho Haydée Ribeiro
Published: July 2015

.
The Effect of a Course of Cope Modeling Intervention on Re-Concentration and the Performance of Teenager Female Taekwondo Athletes of Iranian National Team
Authors: Khanjari Y. , Ameri E.A. , Garooei R.
Published: July 2015

The purpose of current study is to consider a course of doing cope modeling intervention on re-concentration and the performance of teenager female taekwondo athletes of Iranian national team in 2009. The current study is in tentative type and pre and post test design with control group. To do this 22 people (female) among invited people to the camp of taekwondo national team in teenager level for participation in Asian competition of Kish were randomized and then were separated into two groups of control (10) and experimental(12). Then both of them completed the OMSAT-3 questionnaires in pre-test stage, so that to be evaluated from the view of re-concentration skill and making check list for performance evaluation. After 4 months cope modeling intervention of both groups was performed. Collected data was considered by independent statistical t-test. The results of this study showed that there is a significant difference between control and experimental groups in skills of re-concentration after doing a course of cope modeling intervention (P < 0.05). At last the results showed that there is a significant difference between control and experimental groups in performance after doing a course of cope modeling intervention (P < 0.05). It seems that constant and regular practice of psychological skills to coping with stress during in the period before the tournament, has a positive effect on the national athletes when they are in the pressure condition.
Time-Varying Optimal Hedge Ratio for Brent Oil Market
Authors: Mehrara Mohsen , Hamldar Monire
Published: July 2015

This paper examines the optimal hedging ratio (OHR) for the Brent Crude Oil Futures using daily data over the period 1990/17/8-2014/11/3. To estimate OHR, we employ multivariate BEKK MV-GARCH model. At last, the efficiency of this approach are compared with the constant OHR captured from OLS through Edrington's index.
Grace in Marilynne Robinson’s Gilead and Georges Bernanos’s The Diary of a Country Priest
Authors: Ladani Safoura Tork , Bayat Sanaz
Published: July 2015

Marilynne Robinson’s Gilead (2007), a meditative letter written by an aging minister, probes the need for forgiveness and grace. George Bernanos’s The Diary of a Country Priest (1936) pictures the suffering and sacrifice of an unnamed young priest in his attempt to open his parishioner’s heart to the love of God. Both novelists explore themes such as forgiveness, love, peace, faith, and grace. This paper first discusses the prevalent Christian themes in these novels, and the ways each novelist presents the saving and life-giving power of God’s grace in healing and restoring human soul, and then compares their treatment of these issues. The Protestant Robinson’s sensibility regarding these religious themes seems very similar to that of the Catholic Bernanos. Indeed, the American writer seems to be considerably influenced by her French predecessor.
Florescence of Revolution in Shafaq’s Poetry
Authors: Kamaladdini Seied Mohammad Bagher
Published: July 2015

Blossoms of Persian poetry, although inspired by the pure nature, gradually took the attractive qualities of mysticism. In traditions, the Holy Quran is called the burgeoning of hearts and the greatest prophet (peace be upon him) is referred to as the burgeoning of souls. Spring in Persian literature is sometimes the symbol of improvement and deliverance and at other times is considered as the symbol of the afterlife. Actually, this is the highest symbol of spring in Persian literature.Desert land of Yazd bears fragrant flowers, in spite of its natural wrath, tickles the taste of souls of the pious people. One of these scented flowers is the deceased Behjati whose pen name is “Shafaq” and spring in his poetry possessed the qualities of revolution. Current study is going to address this concept in his poetry. The article was conducted with an analytical-descriptive method using bibliographic resources.
Objective Cultural Capital and Environmental Behaviors (Case Study: Sanandaj City)
Authors: Ahmadi Yaghoub
Published: July 2015

One of important areas of interest in sociology is the so-called environmental or pro-environmental behavior. In response to the rapidly growing global environmental problems many call for changes in how individuals should deal with the environment. An important aspect of moving towards an environmentally sustainable world is to promote pro-environmental behavior. This paper investigates the cultural factors that affect on people's Environmental Behaviors on Sanandaj City. This paper is a survey study by control of terms, is a broaden study by extended and is a cutting study by time (in the first half of 2015). The population is the entire person that has citizens in Sanandaj city. The sample size based on kockran formula is 320. The questionnaires with suitable structures validity (based on Kronbach’s coefficient of Alfa) in the ratio of age, sex in deferent areas have been distributed. Results indicate that the most effective variable on Environmental Behaviors of citizens is Objective Cultural Capital.
The Use of NSVC and their Effects on SRL, Learning Strategies, and Oral Production
Authors: Abdurrahman Ayyub
Published: July 2015

This study investigated the use of Native-Speaker Video Clips (NSVC) to teach oral skills in English. A student with medium achievement in English was selected and given the treatment that comprised 12 weeks of recorded practice interspersed with 6 fortnightly oral presentations to the writer that were also recorded. The practice clips were analysed for the types of learning strategies employed, namely rehearsal, elaboration, and organization, and SRL which included meta-cognition, motivation and perseverance, while the oral production recordings were analysed for fluency, pronunciation, stressing, intonation and understanding. The findings showed that she adjusted the levels of use of almost all of HSRL factors following the feedbacks after each oral presentation except elaboration and organization factors, and those oral production skills were improved gradually. The findings revealed that it was purposeful to remove code-switching tendencies in the student.
Functional System of Private Law Principles
Authors: Hurdík Jan
Published: July 2015

The study is a response to: (a) the problem of growing pluralism and disorder of private law principles; (b) the problem of a uniform methodological basis of the formation of a set of private law principles.The study attempts:(a) to simplify the methodological approach to principles of private law; (b) to allow a better orientation in the structure of the principles; (c) to arrange the existing private law principles into a functional system. Using a procedurally genetic paradigm and the dialectical method, it aims to formulate a system based on fundamental values originating in the roots of the private law regulation.
The Transformation of Detention in Romania: From Exile to Main Punishment
Authors: Ilie Goga Cristina
Published: July 2015

The article aims to analyze the evolution of detention on the Romanian territory, during the periods of its transformation from exile to a form of punishment, namely the Medieval and Modern Ages. We noticed that, although there was always detention as a form of restraint of the perpetrator until the application of other punishments and rarely as a form of punishment, the deprivation of liberty in prisons became, only in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries the main form of punishment. We will initially analyze the methods of punishment used in Romanian Medieval period and the locations of detention ("mines", "dungeons", "bulk", "hearth" or "monastery") and then, will follow their transformation in modern detention areas.
Outcomes of Thirty-Three-Day War of Hezbollah in Lebanon with Israel
Authors: Sepahvand Mohammad Kazem , Asgarkhani Abumohammad
Published: July 2015

The aim of this study is to investigate the outcomes of thirty-three day war of Hezbollah in Lebanon with Israel and the effect of Hezbollah on foreign policy of Israel. In this study that has been performed through a reviewing method (documental-library), the formation of Hezbollah, its wars and conflicts with Israel and specially thirty-three day war and victory of Hezbollah on Israel and the outcomes of this victory, foreign policy, and foreign security of Israel are investigated in details.
The moral basis for conservation: how is it affected by culture?
Authors: Dickman Amy , Johnson Paul J , van Kesteren Freya , Macdonald David W
Published: July 2015

We believe that conservation practice is sometimes inhibited by misguided respect for the cultural background in which conservation problems occur. This respect may be rooted in a philosophical standpoint asserting that culturally distinct values cannot be objectively judged against one another, and that those values are therefore equally valid. Here we consider the influence of this school of thought, known as “moral relativism”, in the context of the moral basis for biodiversity conservation as it is currently understood. We provide examples – in wildlife consumption, land management, and tolerance for releasing invasive species – where we suspect that such relativism has been influential. Although pragmatic constraints associated with human cultures may limit action for achieving conservation goals, we suggest that there are compelling arguments for the advocacy of universal principles, based on science, to protect biodiversity for current and future generations of people.
Surgical treatment of thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysms
Authors: Davidovic Lazar
Published: July 2015

INTRODUCTION. Aneurysms simultaneously involving the thoracic and abdominal
aortas or those aneurysms that include the visceral aortic segment are
defined as thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysms (ThAAA). Their treatment is one
of the most difficult surgical problems today. OBJECTIVE. The purpose of this
paper is to present the early results of the surgical treatment of type IV
ThAAA, according to the Crawford classification, as well as to analyse the
main problems encountered during this procedure. METHOD. Between January 2001
and the end of 2004, 79 patients with type IV ThAAA, according to the
Crawford classification were treated at the Clinic for Vascular Surgery of
the Institute for Cardiovascular Diseases of the Serbian Clinical Centre.
Lumbotomy combined with extrapleural resection of the XI or X rib was used as
the operative approach in 70 cases, while thoracophrenolumbotomy was
performed in 9 cases. The aneurysm was repaired using the bifurcated Dacron
graft in 38 cases and with the tube Dacron graft in 41 cases. In 47 cases,
visceral arteries were reattached using the Carrel patch technique, while in
31 cases, separate revascularisation of the left kidney was required.
RESULTS. 60 (76%) of our patients survived the first 30 postoperative days,
while 19 (24%) died during this period. The causes of mortality included:
haemorrhaging, in 4 patients; pulmonary embolism, in 1 patient; myocardial
infarction, in 4 patients; ARDS, in 2 patients; and finally, multi-organ
system failure, in 8 patients. Statistical analysis showed that advanced age
(over 70 years), the need for more extensive reconstructive surgery along
with the implantation of the bifurcated graft, as well as the presence of
ruptured aneurysms, significantly increased the mortality of the patients.
CONCLUSION. The surgical management of ThAAA requires a multidisciplinary
approach. We introduced this procedure in our hospital 4 years ago. The
further development of this surgery will be of great medical, social, and
economic importance to our country.
Dilemmas and contradictions in the treatment of prostatic cancer
Authors: Djokic Milan
Published: July 2015

INTRODUCTION. There are dilemmas and contradictions in the therapeutic
approach to each stage of prostatic cancer, and particularly in the
application of hormonal therapy during the disseminated stages of the
disease, where the crucial dilemma is: whether to apply constant or temporary
(intermittent) hormonal therapy. OBJECTIVE. The objective was to compare
different hormonal procedures, to reach a conclusion about which mode of
hormonal therapy or hormonal control of disseminated prostatic cancer is
best, as well as about which tumour characteristics have an effect on the
outcome of the treatment. METHOD. Two groups of patients with disseminated
prostatic cancer were treated using two different methods. One group, of 102
patients, was treated using constant hormonal therapy, while the other group,
of 80 patients, was treated with intermittent antiandrogen therapy with a
total androgenic blockade (TAB). Statistical analysis was used to examine the
relative therapeutic effectiveness in these two groups. RESULTS. The
effectiveness of hormonal therapy depends upon the malignancy potential of
the tumour, i.e., therapy is the least-effective in tumours with the highest
malignancy potential, where primary hormonal resistance was recorded in 35.7%
of the patients, and secondary resistance in 100% of the patients, during the
follow-up period of 39.1 months. In the group that was administered
intermittent antiandrogen therapy during nearly the same time period,
secondary resistance was reported in 20% of the patients, while in the group
covered by constant therapy, it was reported in 50% of the patients, which
represented a significant difference (p<0.05). CONCLUSION. The hormonal
resistance of prostatic cancer relates directly to the malignant potential of
the tumour, i.e., its grade and stage of malignancy. Intermittent
antiandrogen application with Thas a significant effect on the time it
takes for a tumour to develop hormonal resistance. Therefore, such a
procedure reduces the side-effects and treatment costs of hormonal therapy.
Fraud in biomedical literature
Authors: Vuckovic-Dekic Ljiljana
Published: July 2015

The basic ethical principles in science are internationally recognised in all
disciplines of science. The first among these is honesty - both towards
oneself and towards others. The betrayal of this principle can be seen as
deviant behaviour, which may result in the most serious violation of the high
ethical standards of science - scientific fraud. Fraudulent behaviour in
biomedical sciences is particularly damaging, since all diagnostic and
treatment decisions are based on what is published in medical literature. The
betrayers of science undermine, to a great extent, the public trust in
science, and may destroy the confidence scientists have in each other as
well, which is a grave danger to science itself. In this article, several
high profile cases of scientific fraud - involving falsification, fabrication
of data, and plagiarism - are described. The damaging effect they had on both
science and the scientific community led to the codification of the concept
of Good Scientific Practice (GSP) - an international quality standard for
designing, conducting, recording, and reporting research. The concept of GSP
sets internationally valid benchmarks for quality assurance, and also
provides safeguards against scientific dishonesty and fraud.
Oxygenation level as a factor in stem cell maintenance
Authors: Ivanovic Zoran
Published: July 2015

This article will describe the decade-long genesis of a research project and
review its main results. These results point to oxygenation level being a
physiological regulator of haematopoietic stem cell maintenance because: (1)
very low oxygen concentrations (~0.1%) enable the preservation of the
quiescent (G0) stem cell pool; (2) low oxygen concentrations (~1%) are
compatible with the proliferation of primitive stem cells but inhibit their
differentiation, i.e. enable their self-renewal; (3) moderately low oxygen
concentrations (~3%) allow a balance between differentiation and
self-renewal, permitting the simultaneous amplification of progenitors and
the maintenance of stem cell activity; and (4) very high oxygen
concentrations, like those in the air (20-21%), enhance the differentiation
of primitive stem cells, abrogating their self-renewal capacity. In spite of
the fact that these oxygen concentrations do not exist in tissues in vivo,
they are usually used for in vitro cell growth. These results represent a new
insight into the regulatory mechanisms of haematopoiesis. In that light they
are cited in top biomedical literature and accepted as being relevant to the
development of tissue and cell engineering. In that respect, we are working
on the adaptation of culture oxygenation to improve existent ex vivo
expansion techniques. We are also trying to improve the techniques of ex vivo
production of red blood cells in the same manner. Our other ongoing research
projects are directed at improving the conservation of stem cells at low
temperatures (but above freezing point) within a liquid medium, by decreasing
oxygen and increasing CO2 concentrations.
Air quality and respiratory health of school children in Pancevo
Authors: Saric-Tanaskovic Mica , Nikolovski Dubravka , Belojevic Goran
Published: July 2015

INTRODUCTION. Air pollution is the leading environmental problem in Pancevo.
Sources are traffic, home heating, industry, land fields, and street dust.
Air pollution has harmful effect on population health, particularly the
health of children. OBJECTIVE. To estimate school-children?s respiratory
health in Pancevo. ??THOD. The air quality in Pancevo and Vrsac was measured
by standard methods. The health condition was tested by anthropometric,
clinical examination and spirometric measures in school children of II-V
classes of three primary schools in Pancevo and one in Vrsac, in 2002. Data
from 1136 children were analyzed: 796 in Pancevo, and 340 in Vrsac. Parents
answered the questions in questionnaires: non standardized questionnaire
about children?s health, social status and smoking in the family,
questionnaire about pregnancy, physical activity and standardized ISAAC
questionnaire about asthma and eczema. RESULTS. During the 2002/2003 heating
season in Vrsac, concentrations of SO2 and soot were less than limit
concentrations of emission and significantly less than in Pancevo air.
Results showed that the asthma, wheezing during physical activity (p<0.05),
dry cough at night (p<0.001), cold and tonsilo-pharyngitis (p?0.05) were
significantly more frequent in girls from Pancevo than girls from Vrsac.
Morning cough (p<0.05) and wheezing (p<0.01) was significantly more frequent
in boys from Pancevo than boys from Vrsac. Children from Pancevo were much
higher than children in Vrsac. Less vital capacity (p<0.05) and mild
restriction (p<0.001) were more often in children from Pancevo than children
in Vrsac. CONCLUSION. Our investigation confirmed that children from Pancevo
had problems with respiratory health more often than children in Vrsac.