bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Relationship between journal impact factor and the thoroughness and helpfulness of peer reviews
Authors: Severin Anna , Strinzel Michaela , Egger Matthias , Barros Tiago , Sokolov Alexander , Mouatt Julia Vilstrup , Müller Stefan
Published: August 2023

The Journal Impact Factor is often used as a proxy measure for journal quality, but the empirical evidence is scarce. In particular, it is unclear how peer review characteristics for a journal relate to its impact factor. We analysed 10,000 peer review reports submitted to 1,644 biomedical journals with impact factors ranging from 0.21 to 74.7. Two researchers hand-coded sentences using categories of content related to the thoroughness of the review (Materials and Methods, Presentation and Reporting, Results and Discussion, Importance and Relevance) and helpfulness (Suggestion and Solution, Examples, Praise, Criticism). We fine-tuned and validated transformer machine learning language models to classify sentences. We then examined the association between the number and percentage of sentences addressing different content categories and 10 groups defined by the Journal Impact Factor. The median length of reviews increased with higher impact factor, from 185 words (group 1) to 387 words (group 10). The percentage of sentences addressing Materials and Methods was greater in the highest Journal Impact Factor journals than in the lowest Journal Impact Factor group. The results for Presentation and Reporting went in the opposite direction, with the highest Journal Impact Factor journals giving less emphasis to such content. For helpfulness, reviews for higher impact factor journals devoted relatively less attention to Suggestion and Solution than lower impact factor journals. In conclusion, peer review in journals with higher impact factors tends to be more thorough, particularly in addressing study methods while giving relatively less emphasis to presentation or suggesting solutions. Differences were modest and variability high, indicating that the Journal Impact Factor is a bad predictor of the quality of peer review of an individual manuscript.
Senescence in yeast is associated with amplified linear fragments of chromosome XII rather than ribosomal DNA circle accumulation
Authors: Zylstra Andre , Hadj-Moussa Hanane , Horkai Dorottya , Whale Alex J. , Piguet Baptiste , Houseley Jonathan
Published: August 2023

The massive accumulation of extrachromosomal ribosomal DNA circles (ERCs) in yeast mother cells has been long cited as the primary driver of replicative ageing. ERCs arise through ribosomal DNA (rDNA) recombination, and a wealth of genetic data connects rDNA instability events giving rise to ERCs with shortened life span and other ageing pathologies. However, we understand little about the molecular effects of ERC accumulation. Here, we studied ageing in the presence and absence of ERCs, and unexpectedly found no evidence of gene expression differences that might indicate stress responses or metabolic feedback caused by ERCs. Neither did we observe any global change in the widespread disruption of gene expression that accompanies yeast ageing, altogether suggesting that ERCs are largely inert. Much of the differential gene expression that accompanies ageing in yeast was actually associated with markers of the senescence entry point (SEP), showing that senescence, rather than age, underlies these changes. Cells passed the SEP irrespective of ERCs, but we found the SEP to be associated with copy number amplification of a region of chromosome XII between the rDNA and the telomere (ChrXIIr) forming linear fragments up to approximately 1.8 Mb size, which arise in aged cells due to rDNA instability but through a different mechanism to ERCs. Therefore, although rDNA copy number increases dramatically with age due to ERC accumulation, our findings implicate ChrXIIr, rather than ERCs, as the primary driver of senescence during budding yeast ageing.
Predictors of intensive care unit admission in adult cancer patients presenting to the emergency department with COVID-19 infection: A retrospective study
Authors: El Zahran Tharwat , Kalot Nour , Cheaito Rola , Khalifeh Malak , Estelly Natalie , El Majzoub Imad
Published: August 2023

Background

Adult cancer patients with COVID-19 were shown to be at higher risk of Intensive Care Unit (ICU) admission. Previously published prediction models showed controversy and enforced the importance of heterogeneity among different populations studied. Therefore, this study aimed to identify predictors of ICU admission (demographic, clinical, and COVID-19 targeted medications) in cancer patients with active COVID-19 infection presenting to the Emergency Department (ED).

Methods

This is a retrospective cohort study. It was conducted on adult cancer patients older than 18 years who presented to the American University of Beirut Medical Center ED from February 21, 2020, till February 21, 2021, and were found to have COVID-19 infection. Relevant data were extracted from electronic medical records. The association between different variables and ICU admission was tested. Logistic regression was done to adjust for confounding variables. A p-value less than 0.05 was considered significant.

Results

Eighty-nine distinct patients were included. About 37% were admitted to the ICU (n = 33). Higher ICU admission was seen in patients who had received chemotherapy within one month, had a respiratory rate at triage above 22 breaths per minute, oxygen saturation less than 95%, and a higher c-reactive protein upon presentation to the ED. After adjusting for confounding variables, only recent chemotherapy and higher respiratory rate at triage were significantly associated with ICU admission.

Conclusion

Physicians need to be vigilant when taking care of COVID-19 infected cancer patients. Patients who are tachypneic at presentation and those who have had chemotherapy within one month are at high risk for ICU admission.
Seasonality, epidemiology and phylogeny of Theileria ovis with a note on hematological and biochemical changes in asymptomatic infected goats from Pakistan
Authors: Irfan Muhammad , Chang Shun-Chung , Iqbal Rana Khalid , Tanveer Muhammad , Asif Muhammad , Khan Adil , Nasreen Nasreen , Atif Farhan Ahmad , Shaikh Rehan Sadiq , Aktas Munir , Ben Said Mourad , Iqbal Furhan , Chen Chien-Chin
Published: August 2023

Caprine theileriosis, caused by Theileria ovis is a serious production issue, especially in the areas that depend on goats and sheep for milk, meat, and other economic benefits. Pakistan has a large goat population, but few reports have been documented from this country regarding PCR-based detection of T. ovis. The molecular prevalence of T. ovis, on a seasonal basis, in various goat breeds enrolled from Muzaffar Garh district of Punjab in Pakistan was determined from October 2018 to September 2019. In this study, 1084 goat blood samples were screened for the detection of T. ovis DNA through PCR-based amplification of 18S rRNA gene. Out of 1084 goats, 12 (1.11%) were infected with T. ovis. The parasite prevalence varied with the sampling seasons (Chi square test, P = 0.008), and the parasite prevalence was highest in goat blood samples collected in summer (2.39%) followed by winter (1.88%). DNA sequencing and BLAST analysis confirmed the presence of T. ovis, and the amplified isolates from the 18S rRNA gene of T. ovis were found to be highly conserved during phylogenetic analysis. Young goats (Fischer exact test, P = 0.022) were found more infected with T. ovis during the winter season. Infected goats had elevated white blood cell counts (Two-sample t-test, P = 0.04), blood urea nitrogen to Creatinine ratio (Two-sample t-test, P = 0.02) and decreased serum Creatinine (Two-sample t-test, P = 0.001) as compared to T. ovis negative goats. We report a relatively low molecular prevalence of T. ovis in goats from the Muzaffar Garh district. However, it is recommended that control measures to eradicate T. ovis infection in goats in this area should be taken.
The therapeutic effect of glycyrrhizic acid compound ointment on imiquimod-induced psoriasis-like disease in mice
Authors: Zhang Yanwen , Wang Qian , Sun Shuangyong , Jiang Lingyan
Published: August 2023

Glycyrrhetinic acid, a drug with anti-inflammatory effects, enhanced the activity of antipsoriatic efficacy. In this research, an ointment with glycyrrhetinic acid was prepaired as the major component and several other herbal monomers (astilbin, osthole, and momordin Ic) have antipsoriatic activity as minor components. Then an Imiquimod-induced psoriasis-like mouse model was established and the damaged skin condition of the administered group, the changes in the spleen index and the secretion of inflammatory factors in mouse skin were observed. Calcipotriol ointment was used as a positive control to compare the efficacy. Glycyrrhizic acid compound ointment significantly improved imiquimod-induced psoriasis in mice and reduced the secretion of TNF-α, IL-12, IL-17, and IL-23 in mouse skin, and showed a stronger therapeutic effect than calcipotriol ointment. Calcipotriol ointment did not significantly alleviate imiquimod-induced splenomegaly and did not significantly reduce the expression of IL-17 and IL-23 in mouse skin. Glycyrrhetinic acid compound ointment was more effective than calcipotriol and was dose-dependent in the treatment of imiquimod-induced psoriatic dermatitis in mice. Meanwhile,calcipotriol was not suitable for the treatment of Imiquimod -induced psoriasis-like mice.
ChatGPT versus human in generating medical graduate exam multiple choice questions—A multinational prospective study (Hong Kong S.A.R., Singapore, Ireland, and the United Kingdom)
Authors: Cheung Billy Ho Hung , Lau Gary Kui Kai , Wong Gordon Tin Chun , Lee Elaine Yuen Phin , Kulkarni Dhananjay , Seow Choon Sheong , Wong Ruby , Co Michael Tiong-Hong
Published: August 2023

Introduction

Large language models, in particular ChatGPT, have showcased remarkable language processing capabilities. Given the substantial workload of university medical staff, this study aims to assess the quality of multiple-choice questions (MCQs) produced by ChatGPT for use in graduate medical examinations, compared to questions written by university professoriate staffs based on standard medical textbooks.

Methods

50 MCQs were generated by ChatGPT with reference to two standard undergraduate medical textbooks (Harrison’s, and Bailey & Love’s). Another 50 MCQs were drafted by two university professoriate staff using the same medical textbooks. All 100 MCQ were individually numbered, randomized and sent to five independent international assessors for MCQ quality assessment using a standardized assessment score on five assessment domains, namely, appropriateness of the question, clarity and specificity, relevance, discriminative power of alternatives, and suitability for medical graduate examination.

Results

The total time required for ChatGPT to create the 50 questions was 20 minutes 25 seconds, while it took two human examiners a total of 211 minutes 33 seconds to draft the 50 questions. When a comparison of the mean score was made between the questions constructed by A.I. with those drafted by humans, only in the relevance domain that the A.I. was inferior to humans (A.I.: 7.56 +/- 0.94 vs human: 7.88 +/- 0.52; p = 0.04). There was no significant difference in question quality between questions drafted by A.I. versus humans, in the total assessment score as well as in other domains. Questions generated by A.I. yielded a wider range of scores, while those created by humans were consistent and within a narrower range.

Conclusion

ChatGPT has the potential to generate comparable-quality MCQs for medical graduate examinations within a significantly shorter time.
Implementation of a care-pathway at the emergency department for older people presenting with nonspecific complaints; a protocol for a multicenter parallel cohort study
Authors: van der Velde M. G. A. M. , Jansen M. A. C. , de Jongh M. A. C. , Kremers M. N. T. , Haak H. R.
Published: August 2023

Background

Older adults frequently attend the Emergency Department (ED) with poorly defined symptoms, often called nonspecific complaints (NSC). NSC such as ‘weakness’ and ‘not feeling well’, often lead to an extensive differential diagnosis. Patients with NSC experience a prolonged length of stay at the ED and are prone to adverse outcomes. Currently, a care pathway for patients with NSC does not exist. A special structured care pathway for patients with NSC was designed to improve the efficiency and quality of care at the ED.

Method

A multicenter parallel cohort study, organized in different hospitals in the Noord-Brabant area, the Netherlands, in which general practitioners (GP), elderly care physicians (ECP), Emergency Physicians (EP), geriatricians and internists will collaborate. Patients ≥ 70 years presenting with NSC and in need of ED admission as indicated by their own GP or ECP are eligible for inclusion. Before implementation each hospital will retrospectively include their own control-group. After implementation, patients will prospectively be included. The care-pathway exists of risk stratification by the APOP-screener, in-depth history taking, i.e. limited comprehensive geriatric assessment (CGA) and a standard set of diagnostics, and a dedicated ED-nurse (if possible) present to ensure the care-pathway is followed. The primary outcome is length of stay at the ED (LOS-ED) and perceived quality of care. Secondary outcomes are hospital length of stay, revisits, readmissions and mortality at 30- and 90-day follow-up.

Discussion

This study proposes a structured care pathway for older patients presenting at the ED with NSCs and considering effectiveness and perceived quality this may improve acute care for these patients.

Trial registration

Dutch Trial register, number NL8960.
Enterobacter cloacae infection characteristics and outcomes in battlefield trauma patients
Authors: Bennett William , Mende Katrin , Campbell Wesley R. , Beckius Miriam , Stewart Laveta , Shaikh Faraz , Rahman Azizur , Tribble David R. , Yabes Joseph M.
Published: August 2023

Enterobacter cloacae is a Gram-negative rod with multidrug-resistant potential due to chromosomally-induced AmpC β-lactamase. We evaluated characteristics, antibiotic utilization, and outcomes associated with battlefield-related E. cloacae infections (2009–2014). Single initial and serial E. cloacae isolates (≥24 hours from initial isolate from any site) associated with a clinical infection were examined. Susceptibility profiles of initial isolates in the serial isolation group were contrasted against last isolate recovered. Characteristics of 112 patients with E. cloacae infections (63 [56%] with single initial isolation; 49 [44%] with serial isolation) were compared to 509 patients with bacterial infections not attributed to E. cloacae. E. cloacae patients sustained more blast trauma (78%) compared to non-E. cloacae infections patients (75%; p<0.001); however, injury severity scores were comparable (median of 34.5 and 33, respectively; p = 0.334). Patients with E. cloacae infections had greater shock indices (median 1.07 vs 0.92; p = 0.005) and required more initial blood products (15 vs. 14 units; p = 0.032) compared to patients with non-E. cloacae infections. Although E. cloacae patients had less intensive care unit admissions (80% vs. 90% with non-E. cloacae infection patients; p = 0.007), they did have more operating room visits (5 vs. 4; p = 0.001), longer duration of antibiotic therapy (43.5 vs. 34 days; p<0.001), and lengthier hospitalizations (57 vs. 44 days; p<0.001). Patients with serial E. cloacae had isolation of infecting isolates sooner than patients with single initial E. cloacae (median of 5 vs. 8 days post-injury; p = 0.046); however, outcomes were not significantly different between the groups. Statistically significant resistance to individual antibiotics did not develop between initial and last isolates in the serial isolation group. Despite current combat care and surgical prophylaxis guidelines recommending upfront provision of AmpC-inducing antibiotics, clinical outcomes did not differ nor did significant antibiotic resistance develop in patients who experienced serial isolation of E. cloacae versus single initial isolation.
Non-1st seizure was less severe than 1st seizure with non-urgent level among suspected seizures transferred by ambulance
Authors: Asano Yotaro , Fujimoto Ayataka , Hatano Keisuke , Sato Keishiro , Atsumi Takahiro , Enoki Hideo , Okanishi Tohru
Published: August 2023

Background

To prioritize emergency medical calls for ambulance transport for patients with suspected seizures, information about whether the event is their 1st or non-1st seizure is important. However, little is known about the difference between 1st and non-1st seizures in terms of severity. We hypothesized that patients transferred multiple times (≥2 times) would represent a milder scenario than patients on their first transfer. The purpose of this study was to compare patients with suspected seizures on 1st transfer by ambulance and patients who had been transferred ≥2 times.

Methods

We statistically compared severity of suspected seizures between two groups of patients with suspected seizures transferred between December 2014 and November 2019 (before the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic) to our facility by ambulance for either the first time (1st Group) or at least the second time (Non-1st Group). Severity categories were defined as: Level 1 = life-threatening; Level 2 = emergent, needing admission to the intensive care unit; Level 3 = urgent, needing admission to a hospital general ward; Level 4 = less urgent, needing intervention but not hospitalization; and Level 5 = non-urgent, not needing intervention.

Results

Among 5996 patients with suspected seizures conveyed to the emergency department by ambulance a total of 14,263 times during the study period, 1222 times (8.6%) and 636 patients (11%) met the criteria. Severity grade of suspected seizures ranged from 1 to 5 (median, 4; interquartile range, 3–4) for the 1st Group and from 1 to 5 (median, 5; interquartile range, 4–5) for the Non-1st Group. Most severe grade ranged from 1 to 5 (median, 4; interquartile range, 4–5) for the Non-1st Group. Severity grade differed significantly between groups (p < 0.001, Mann–Whitney U-test). Uni- and multivariate logistic regression tests also suggested a significant difference (p < 0.001) in severity grades.

Conclusion

In direct comparisons, grade of suspected seizure severity was lower in the Non-1st Group than in the 1st Group.
Type 2 diabetes remission trajectories and variation in risk of diabetes complications: A population-based cohort study
Authors: Dambha-Miller Hajira , Hounkpatin Hilda O. , Stuart Beth , Farmer Andrew , Griffin Simon
Published: August 2023

Biochemical remission of type 2 diabetes is achievable through dietary changes, physical activity and subsequent weight loss. We aim to identify distinct diabetes remission trajectories in a large population-based cohort over seven-years follow-up and to examine associations between remission trajectories and diabetes complications. Group-based trajectory modelling examined longitudinal patterns of HbA1c level (adjusting for remission status) over time. Multivariable Cox models quantified the association between each remission trajectory and microvascular complications, macrovascular complications, cardiovascular (CVD) events and all-cause mortality. Four groups were assigned. Group 1 (8,112 [13.5%]; achieving HbA1c <48 mmol/mol (6.5%) followed by increasing HbA1c levels); Group 2 (6,369 [10.6%]; decreasing HbA1c levels >48 mmol/mol (6.5%)); Group 3 (36,557 [60.6%]; stable high HbA1c levels); Group 4 (9,249 [15.3%]; stable low HbA1c levels (<48mmol/mol or <6.5%)). Compared to Group 3, Groups 1 and 4 had lower risk of microvascular complications (aHRs (95% CI): 0.65 (0.61–0.70), p-value <0.001;0.59 (0.55–0.64) p-value<0.001, respectively)), macrovascular complications (aHRs (95% CI): 0.83 (0.75–0.92), p-value<0.001; 0.66 (0.61–0.71), p-value<0.001) and CVD events (aHRs (95% CI): 0.74(0.67–0.83), p-value<0.001; 0.67(0.61–0.73), p-vlaue<0.001). Risk of CVD outcomes were similar for Groups 2 and 3. Compared to Group 3, Group 1 (aHR: 0.82(95% CI: 0.76–0.89)) had lower risk of mortality, but Group 4 had higher risk of mortality (aHR: 1.11(95% CI: 1.03–1.19)). Risk of CVD outcomes vary by pattern of remission over time, with lowest risk for those in remission longer. People who achieve remission, even for shorter periods of time, continue to benefit from this lower exposure to hyperglycaemia, which may, in turn, lower the risk of CVD outcomes including mortality.
Embracing FAIR Data on the Path to AI-Readiness
Authors:   Dotmatics, Olsen Christian
Published: August 2023

Key principles of data management achieved via FAIR implementation can have positive effects on many aspects of R&D, from workflow efficiency to collaboration to costs. While machines offer incredible benefits in terms of the speed and scale at which they can process data, they lack the judgment, intuition, and contextual understanding that humans bring to the table. Making data FAIR is in essence making them more accessible to machines and humans alike.
Iniciamos a transição!
Authors: Moraes Sylvio Luiz Costa de
Published: August 2023

Estamos prestes a operacionalizar mais uma transição de coordenação dos trabalhos da nossa Revista, patrimônio do Colégio Brasileiro de Cirurgia e Traumatologia Buco-Maxilo-Facial. A equipe editorial do Journal of The Brazilian College of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery representada pelo Conselho Editorial, Corpo Editorial, Revisores “Ad-hoc” e profissionais da Dental Press enfrentou desafios, percalços, necessidade de se adaptar às mudanças extremamente dinâmicas, fundamentais para se manter o rumo, os objetivos que pavimentam o caminho que nos levará a crescer como publicação. Alguns ajustes nas normas da revista foram fundamentais, alinhando- as aos conceitos e exigências atuais no que se refere ao formato, aos tipos de publicação e ainda às orientações e determinações da Comissão Nacional de Ética em Pesquisa (CONEP), uma comissão do Conselho Nacional de Saúde (CNS).
Análise comparativa entre diferentes designs de implante em relação ao torque de inserção e estabilidade primária em biomodelos de poliuretana
Authors: Pedroso Artur Lage , Pereira Rogerio Junqueira , Pagotto Jean Marcello , Souza Raimer Ferreira , Ciotti Danilo Lazzari , Kampits Cassio
Published: August 2023

Introdução: A estabilidade primária dos implantes está diretamente relacionada à técnica cirúrgica, ao desenho macrogeométrico e a densidade óssea da área receptora. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o torque de inserção e o coeficiente de estabilidade primária de dois implantes com design diferentes em blocos de poliuretana simulando o tecido ósseo tipo I, através de duas técnicas de fresagem. Métodos: Foram instalados 48 implantes, divididos igualmente em quatro grupos: 12 implantes Biomorse 3,5 mm x 11,5 mm; 12 implantes Biomorse 4,0 mm x 11,5 mm; 12 implantes Biomorse SWE 3,5 mm x 11,5 mm; 12 implantes Biomorse SWE 3,5 mm x 11,5 mm. Os implantes foram inseridos com torquímetro digital em osso artificial poliuretana rígido sem cortical - L 9, 7 X C 10 X A 5 centímetros; 40 PFC, (Nacional Ossos, Jaú, São Paulo, Brasil). A análises do coeficiente de estabilidade primária (ISQ) foi realizada através do aparelho de freqüência de ressonância (PENGUIN®). Resultados: Os resultados sugeriram diferenças estatisticamente para análise ISQ entre BioMorse e o BioMorse SWE 4,0 x 11,5. BioMorse SWE em Supra Fresagem aprofundando 1 mm = 62, 76, 80, média (72,6) e desvio padrão (7,71), BioMorse 4,0 x 11,5 = 6, 32, 23, média (20,3) e desvio padrão (10,78). Conclusões: Os métodos de fresagem utilizados nesse estudo, não influenciaram estatisticamente as análises de torque de inserção. Quanto a estabilidade primária, foram encontradas diferenças apenas entre SWE 4,0 x 11,5 quando comparado com BioMorse 4,0 x 11,5 na supra fresagem aprofundando 1 mm.
A cirurgia buco-maxilo-facial e o tratamento da mucormicose: Relato de Caso
Authors: Fares Raíssa Dias , Skrivan Julia Monteiro Fabrício , Pinheiro Laryssa Dos Santos , Santos Ana Carolina Klein Dos , Moraes Sylvio Luiz Costa De
Published: August 2023

A mucormicose é uma infecção fúngica rara e grave. É causada por fungos da ordem Mucorales, principalmente os gêneros Rhizopus sp, Mucor sp, rhizomucor sp e lichtheimia sp. Apresenta-se de forma altamente invasiva e oportunista. Está associada a pacientes imunossuprimidos, principalmente aqueles com diabetes mellitus, em uso de agentes imunossupressores e, recentemente, associada a COVID-19. Esses agentes vivem dispersos pelo meio ambiente, no solo, matéria orgânica em decomposição e podem ser adquiridos pela inalação dos esporos fúngicos. As formas clínicas mais frequentes são de acometimento rino-órbito-cerebral, pulmonar, cutânea e gastrointestinal. Podendo iniciar com sintomas leves de sinusite e evoluir para o acometimento de tecidos vizinhos gerando desfiguração facial, paralisia de nervos cranianos, amaurose e acometimento encefálico. O adequado tratamento depende do diagnóstico realizado precocemente, antes mesmo dos resultados de exames laboratoriais e do desbridamento cirúrgico agressivo, podendo levar até a mutilações severas.
Tratamento de fístula oroantral com corpo adiposo bucal: Relato de Caso
Authors: Ramos Guilherme Veloso , Figueiredo Laura Braga , Coelho Luiza Vale , Fonseca Paulo Henrique de Almeida , Amaral Marcio Bruno Figueiredo
Published: August 2023

A comunicação buco-sinusal é uma complicação frequentemente associada à exodontia dos dentes posteriores, que quando não corretamente tratada pode resultar em comprometimento do tecido sinusal e formação de fístula oroantral. O presente artigo relata o caso de uma paciente que evoluiu com uma fístula oroantral após a exodontia, em que foi proposto e realizado o fechamento da fístula utilizando o corpo adiposo bucal, apresentando resolução completa das queixas da paciente. O tratamento da comunicação buco-sinusal deve ser precoce para prevenir a formação de fístulas oroantrais que podem ser adequadamente tratadas através do retalho pediculado do corpo adiposo bucal.
Uma entrevista com José Thiers Carneiro Júnior
Authors: Carneiro Júnior José Thiers
Published: August 2023

O Colégio Brasileiro de Cirurgia e Traumatologia Buco- Maxilo-Facial entrevista, nessa edição da Revista, o Dr. José Thiers, presidente do COBRAC 2024, que acontecerá entre os dias 03 e 06 de setembro de 2024 no Hangar Centro de Convenções & Feiras da Amazônia, Belém/PA.
Análise tomográfica da regeneração óssea guiada com uso de membrana não reabsorvível de polipropileno Bone Heal®: revisão sistemática
Authors: Silva Fabiana Carregosa Taves Da , Romeiro Rogério Lima , Cimonare André Lopes , Martinelli Natan Luiz
Published: August 2023

Introdução: Diversos materiais têm sido estudados para preservação e manutenção dos rebordos alveolares, devido à grande demanda por exodontias, que é uma das principais causas da perda óssea precoce. A membrana não reabsorvível de polipropileno Bone Heal® é uma candidata para essa finalidade. Objetivo: O objetivo dessa revisão sistemática foi buscar artigos que usaram exames tomográficos para analisar a regeneração óssea guiada (ROG) mantida pelo uso de membrana não reabsorvível de polipropileno pós-extração dentária, sem o preenchimento do alvéolo com biomaterial. Metodologia: Três bancos de dados eletrônicos foram pesquisados para identificar ensaios clínicos randomizados que atendessem aos critérios de elegibilidade. A triagem da literatura, seleção dos artigos e extração de dados foram realizadas por dois revisores independentes, que selecionaram quatro artigos para o presente estudo. Resultado: Em todos os grupos que usaram a membrana de polipropileno, quando comparados aos grupos controle, a membrana de polipropileno se mostrou eficaz. Por meio de análise tomográfica e acompanhamento dos pacientes, verificou-se que houve uma desaceleração da perda óssea e, em alguns casos, paralisação da perda de volume ósseo, além da manutenção dos tecidos moles, assim obtendo pré-requisitos para uma posterior reabilitação osseointegrada. Conclusão: A membrana de polipropileno se mostrou eficaz na preservação e manutenção dos rebordos alveolares, tanto a nível histológico, quanto de tecidos ósseos e tecidos moles.
Dens in dente e celulite facial: relato de caso
Authors: Moreschi Letícia , Brunetto Bruna , Basualdo Alexandre , Fontana Tobias Piton
Published: August 2023

Introdução: Dens in dente é um defeito na formação dentária resultante da invaginação dos tecidos coronários antes da calcificação tecidual. Essa invaginação torna os dentes mais suscetíveis à invasão bacteriana, o que pode levar a infecções odontogênicas mais graves, que ocasionam, por exemplo, celulites faciais e que, por sua vez, podem trazer complicações e riscos sérios à saúde. Objetivo: O objetivo desse estudo é relatar um caso de dens in dente e celulite facial associada, descrever antibioticoterapia proposta e buscar na literatura as melhores opções de tratamento. Métodos: Descrição de um caso de dens in dente em uma paciente com nove anos de idade, atendida na emergência do Hospital São Vicente de Paulo (Passo Fundo/RS). A paciente teve o diagnóstico de dens in dente e celulite facial associada, e foi tratada com antibioticoterapia, exodontia e drenagem do abcesso. Conclusão: O atendimento e tratamento de celulites faciais deve ser ágil, visando remoção do agente causal, drenagem da secreção purulenta, uso de antimicrobianos de amplo espectro associados a anaeróbios e estabilização do paciente.
An application of cleaner production principles in a Pasta maker
Authors: Diaz Estela Maria Perez , Chang Edward , Martins Wendy Peixoto , Romeiro Filho Eduardo
Published: August 2023

This study was carried out in a large food company located in the northeast from Minas Gerais, Brazil, where Cleaner Production was applied mainly aiming at reduction of waste generation at source (level 1) during mass production. The methodology used was the case study, starting with the environmental diagnosis, which identified a company's reactive posture in relation to the environmental aspect, aimed mainly at compliance with legislation (although elements of change to a proactive posture). A gap in the Company's environmental management was also identified with regarding the requirements of the ISO 14001 model, in the implementation and certification of the ISO series 14000. The Cleaner Production program also contributes to this issue, allows the company to use its resources more efficiently, reducing and/or eliminating waste and being more responsible to society and the environment.
Previsão de preço de alimentos utilizando o método ARIMA e inteligência artificial
Authors: Scodro Leonardo , Corso Leandro Luís
Published: August 2023

A previsão dos preços dos alimentos desempenha um papel essencial na gestão da segurança alimentar, uma vez que permite aos governos e às empresas planejarem a oferta e procura, com o objetivo de prevenir instabilidade no mercado e assegurar a população tenha acesso aos alimentos. Uma forma considerada eficaz de obter previsões dos preços dos alimentos é por meio da aplicação de métodos de análise de séries temporais, como o modelo Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA), juntamente com técnicas de inteligência artificial. Neste artigo foi realizado uma previsão de preços pagos a produtores pela hortaliça cenoura na cidade de Caxias do Sul, tendo como base de dados o histórico das cotações de 2016 a 2021. Foi verificado também, uma possível relação entre os índices pluviométricos da região e a variação no preço do legume por meio dos métodos de correlação de Pearson e Spearman. Para realizar as previsões foram utilizados dois métodos o (ARIMA) e Redes Neurais Artificiais (RNA). A assertividade das previsões foi mensurada por meio de dois erros: Erro Percentual Absoluto Médio (MAPE) e Erro Médio Absoluto (MAE). Na comparação entre as previsões o método de inteligência artificial RNA se mostrou mais confiável com MAPE de 13,95% enquanto que o ARIMA obteve uma acuracidade de 21,75% nas previsões dos preços de 2021.
Book review: Climate change and life: The complex co-evolution of climate and life on Earth, and beyond, by Gabriel Filippelli, 2022. Elsevier, Amsterdam. 275 pages. Paperback: price $135.00, ISBN 978-0-12-822568-4
Authors: Fu Li
Published: August 2023

Book review: Climate change and life: The complex co-evolution of climate and life on Earth, and beyond, by Gabriel Filippelli, 2022. Elsevier, Amsterdam. 275 pages. Paperback: price $135.00, ISBN 978-0-12-822568-4.
Book review: Vesiculation and crystallization of magma: fundamentals of the volcanic eruption process, by Atsushi Toramaru, 2022. Springer [Advances in Volcanology]; xxxii + 427 pages;hardcover price €149.79, paperback price €149.79; eBookprice €117.69, ISBN 978-981-16-4208-1
Authors: Scarpati Claudio
Published: August 2023

Book review: Vesiculation and crystallization of magma: fundamentals of the volcanic eruption pro-cess, by Atsushi Toramaru, 2022. Springer [Advances in Volcanology]; xxxii + 427 pages;hardcover price €149.79, paperback price €149.79; eBookprice €117.69, ISBN 978-981-16-4208-1
Młodzież – tożsamość – środowisko – casus Śląska Cieszyńskiego
Authors: Szczurek-Boruta Alicja
Published: August 2023

Podjęta w artykule narracja sytuuje się w pedagogice młodzieży, w nurcie rozważań nad młodzieżą jako podmiotem prospektywnych zmian, w pedagogice społecznej i pedagogice międzykulturowej. Ramę teoretyczną prowadzonych rozważań stanowi konstruktywizm – i jego podstawowa teza, że tożsamość jest konstruowana w procesie socjalizacji pierwotnej i wtórnej. 

Autor odwołuje się do gromadzonego przez ponad trzydzieści lat materiału badawczego dotyczącego formowania się tożsamości młodzieży żyjącej na Śląsku Cieszyńskim i uwarunkowań tego procesu. Zastosowano schemat badań porównawczych podłużnych, strategię badań sekwencyjnych, badania ukośne, ilościowe.

Rezultaty przywoływanych badań młodzieży przeprowadzonych w latach 1990-2022 to zapis przemian społeczno-cywilizacyjnych, które swym oddziaływaniem objęły społeczność Śląska Cieszyńskiego, to też zapis stanu współczesnego.

Wyniki przedstawionych badań wskazują na falowanie poglądów i deklaracji młodzieży zakresie identyfikacji, dają podstawę do przypuszczeń, że dzisiejsza młodzież ze Śląska Cieszyńskiego deklaruje i odczuwa tożsamość wielowymiarową (harmonijnie łączącą wymiar lokalny, narodowy, europejski, globalny) znacznie wyraźniej aniżeli jej starsi rówieśnicy. Oczywiście powyższą, w zasadzie propozycję twierdzenia empirycznego, należy potraktować w kategoriach (bardzo wstępnie) zweryfikowanej hipotezy, wymagającej rzetelnych reprezentatywnych badań porównawczych, podłużnych na różnych pograniczach (dla ustalenia, czy stwierdzone prawidłowości mają walor ogólny), także badań o zasięgu ogólnopolskim. 

Uzyskany wynik pozwala przypuszczać, że badani młodzi ludzie mogą lepiej radzić sobie w przyszłości (np. na rynku pracy), z większą wrażliwością wchodzić w relacje międzyludzkie, świadomie (re)konstruować środowisko lokalne, kraj i świat, odpowiedzialnie podchodzić do swoich działań i ich konsekwencji.
Atividade Experimental Problematizadora: uma análise de pH em amostras de solo com alunos do 3ºano do ensino médio
Authors: Silva da Cunha Ana Paula , Pereira da Silva Lucicléia
Published: August 2023

A atividade experimental é considerada uma estratégia que possibilita integração entre teoria e prática durante o processo de ensino e aprendizagem. Compreendendo o potencial para o ensino de química, essa investigação teve como objetivo avaliar possíveis contribuições da abordagem experimental demonstrativa-problematizadora para construção de conhecimentos químicos sobre análise do pH do solo e a influência do caráter ácido ou alcalino para o cultivo de soja. A pesquisa qualitativa, de caráter interventivo, foi desenvolvida com alunos do 3º ano do ensino médio de uma escola pública do município de Marabá-PA, por meio da execução de uma sequência de ensino. Para construção de dados foram aplicados três instrumentos, sendo estes, um formulário para sondagem de conhecimentos prévios e o outro para avaliação da metodologia; por último solicitou-se aos alunos a produção de um texto sobre o tema discutido. Para interpretação de dados empregou-se estatística descritiva e análise de conteúdo (AC) com suporte do software IRAMUTEQ, no qual foi processada uma Classificação Hierárquica Descendente (CHD). Nos resultados, verificou-se que as ideias prévias manifestadas auxiliaram na apropriação de novos conhecimentos, sendo traduzidos pelo nível de concordância sobre a contribuição dos experimentos realizados para compreensão de conceitos químicos. Com a AC, emergiram quatro categorias, expressando de forma clara como estes conhecimentos foram estruturados pelos alunos. Ademais, foi possível constatar a apropriação de conteúdos conceituais e procedimentais relativos à análise de pH do solo, demonstrando êxito no cumprimento do objetivo da pesquisa.
Comparação do perfil sociodemográfico e clínico de indivíduos com dor neuropática de nociceptiva relacionada à hanseníase
Authors: Cruz Santos Alexrangel Henrique , Francielle Santos Amanda , Santos Siqueira Thayane , Oliveira Celestino Ariel , Rosário Souza Mariana , Almeida Santos Beatriz , Santos Silva José Rodrigo , Reis Francisco Prado , Corrêa Feitosa Vera Lúcia
Published: August 2023

O presente estudo visou à comparação entre o perfil sociodemográfico, clínico e terapêutico de indivíduos com dor relacionada à hanseníase e a verificação das queixas sobre a interferência da dor em atividades diárias. Trata-se de um estudo observacional transversal descritivo com abordagem quantitativa, realizado em centros de referência do estado de Sergipe para o atendimento de hanseníase no período entre fevereiro e junho de 2019. 170 indivíduos foram entrevistados com a escala Neuropathic Pain Questionnaire DN4 e questionários de dados clínicos. Observou-se que a dor do tipo neuropática foi significativamente mais comum na faixa etária de 30-40 anos (38; 84,4%, p=0,022). Nos locais de dor o tipo mais prevalente foi a neuropática no braço (74; 73,3%), perna (86; 72,9%), pés (82; 69,5%), costas (21; 84,0%) e mão (72; 73,5%). Na comparação da intensidade, dor neuropática leve (12; 54,5%), moderada (43; 69,4%) e intensa (63; 74,1%); nociceptiva leve (10; 45,5%), moderada (19; 30,6%) e intensa (22; 25,9%). Ter outras enfermidades foi significativo maior no grupo de dor neuropática (80; 76,2%, p=0,039). A melhora da dor com medicação parcial (75; 68,2%) e total (18; 78,3%) foi maior em pacientes com dor neuropática, porém, a maioria alegou melhora parcial. Também, pessoas com dor neuropática [4,0(2,0); p=0,007] afirmaram mais prejuízo ao sono. Conclui-se que a dor neuropática é mais incidente em adultos, ter outras doenças foi um fator relevante na dor neuropática e que nesse tipo de dor as pessoas têm maior prejuízo ao sono. Além disso, o alívio da dor está sendo ineficaz.
Fenologia e biologia floral de espécies de Byrsonima Rich. ex Kunth em área de caatinga na Bahia, Brasil
Authors: Nascimento Júnior José Monteiro do , Gama Dráuzio Correia , Lima Luciene Cristina Lima e , Oliveira Vanderlei da Silva , Conceição Eltamara Souza da
Published: August 2023

Estudos fenológicos e de biologia floral são importantes para o entendimento da dinâmica dos eventos biológicos que ocorrem entre as espécies vegetais ao longo do tempo. O presente estudo foi realizado visando identificar padrões fenológicos, florais e eficiência de polinizadores de espécies de Byrsonima Rich. ex Kunth em área remanescente de vegetação de caatinga na Bahia, Brasil. Vinte espécimes de três espécies de Byrsonima spp. foram marcados e acompanhados diariamente durante o período de floração, entre novembro de 2017 a abril de 2018. As populações das espécies estudadas apresentaram padrão de floração anual e duração intermediária com 40% das flores abertas por inflorescência/dia expressando a estratégia cornucópia. A sincronia foi interespecífica com distintos picos de floração com maior sincronia entre B. gardneriana e B. verbascifolia. Das variáveis climáticas, a umidade e a temperatura mostraram correlação forte com a atividade de floração. Na coleta de grãos de pólen, verificou-se uma redução significativa no quantitativo de grãos forrageado entre a primeira e a segunda visita. A biologia floral foi similar entre as espécies, além de produzirem quantidade satisfatória de pólen e alta viabilidade polínica, com destaque para B. verbascifolia. As espécies ofertam óleo e grãos de pólen como recompensa floral. As espécies de Byrsonima spp. estudadas nessa região de caatinga são potencialmente férteis e capacitadas a serem empregadas em programas de reflorestamento e melhoramento genético.
Reziliencia a hazai településfejlesztésben és -tervezésben
Authors: Gábor Pirisi
Published: August 2023

Jelen tanulmány kiindulópontja a reziliencia koncepciójának egyre sokrétűbb használata a társadalomföldrajzi kutatásokban. Az akadémiai szféra és az alapkutatások után napjainkra már a hazai településfejlesztésben is megjelent a koncepció. A nagyobb hazai városoknak olyan fenntartható város-fejlesztési stratégiákat kellett készíteniük, amelyek lényegében a reziliens város koncepciójára támaszkodnak. A tanulmány arra hívja fel a figyelmet, hogy az elméleti-koncepcionális problémákon túl a fejlesztés-politikai alkalmazás elméleti és gyakorlati problémák sorát veti fel a reziliencia mérésével, „fejlesztésének” monitorozásával kapcsolatban.
Lipopolysaccharide-Induced TRPA1 Upregulation in Trigeminal Neurons is Dependent on TLR4 and Vesicular Exocytosis
Authors: Michot Benoit , Casey Sharon M. , Lee Caroline S. , Erdogan Ozge , Basu Himanish , Chiu Isaac , Gibbs Jennifer L.
Published: August 2023

Pain from bacterial infection was believed to be the consequence of inflammation induced by bacterial products. However recent studies have shown that bacterial products can directly activate sensory neurons and induce pain. The mechanisms by which bacteria induce pain are poorly understood, but toll-like receptor (TLR)4 and transient receptor potential A1 (TRPA1) receptors are likely important integrators of pain signaling induced by bacteria. Using male and female mice we show that sensory neuron activation by bacterial lipopolysaccharides (LPS) is mediated by both TRPA1 and TLR4 and involves the mobilization of extracellular and intracellular calcium. We also show that LPS induces neuronal sensitization in a process dependent on TLR4 receptors. Moreover, we show that TLR4 and TRPA1 are both involved in sensory neurons response to LPS stimulation. Activation of TLR4 in a subset of sensory neurons induces TRPA1 upregulation at the cell membrane through vesicular exocytosis, contributing to the initiation of neuronal sensitization and pain. Collectively these data highlight the importance of sensory neurons to pathogen detection, and their activation by bacterial products like LPS as potentially important to early immune and nociceptive responses.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTBacterial infections are often painful and the recent discovery that bacteria can directly stimulate sensory neurons leading to pain sensation and modulation of immune system have highlighted the importance of nervous system in the response to bacterial infection. Here, we showed that lipopolysaccharide, a major bacterial by-product, requires both toll-like receptor (TLR)4 and transient receptor potential A1 (TRPA1) receptors for neuronal activation and acute spontaneous pain, but only TLR4 mediates sensory neurons sensitization. Moreover, we showed for the first time that TLR4 sensitize sensory neurons through a rapid upregulation of TRPA1 via vesicular exocytosis. Our data highlight the importance of sensory neurons to pathogen detection and suggests that TLR4 would be a potential therapeutic target to modulate early stage of bacteria-induced pain and immune response.
Whole-Brain Deactivations Precede Uninduced Mind-Blanking Reports
Authors: Boulakis Paradeisios Alexandros , Mortaheb Sepehr , van Calster Laurens , Majerus Steve , Demertzi Athena
Published: August 2023

Mind-blanking (MB) is termed as the inability to report our immediate-past mental content. In contrast to mental states with reportable content, such as mind-wandering or sensory perceptions, the neural correlates of MB started getting elucidated only recently. A notable particularity that pertains to MB studies is the way MB is instructed for reporting, like by deliberately asking participants to “empty their minds.” Such instructions were shown to induce fMRI activations in frontal brain regions, typically associated with metacognition and self-evaluative processes, suggesting that MB may be a result of intentional mental content suppression. Here, we aim at examining this hypothesis by determining the neural correlates of MB without induction. Using fMRI combined with experience-sampling in 31 participants (22 female), univariate analysis of MB reports revealed deactivations in occipital, frontal, parietal, and thalamic areas, but no activations in prefrontal regions. These findings were confirmed using Bayesian region-of-interest analysis on areas previously shown to be implicated in induced MB, where we report evidence for frontal deactivations during MB reports compared with other mental states. Contrast analysis between reports of MB and content-oriented mental states also revealed deactivations in the left angular gyrus. We propose that these effects characterize a neuronal profile of MB, where key thalamocortical nodes are unable to communicate and formulate reportable content. Collectively, we show that study instructions for MB lead to differential neural activation. These results provide mechanistic insights linked to the phenomenology of MB and point to the possibility of MB being expressed in different forms.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTThis study explores how brain activity changes when individuals report unidentifiable thoughts, a phenomenon known as mind-blanking (MB). It aims to detect changes in brain activations and deactivations when MB is reported spontaneously, as opposed to the neural responses that have been previously reported when MB is induced. By means of brain imaging and experience-sampling, the study points to reduced brain activity in a wide number of regions, including those mesio-frontally which were previously detected as activated during induced MB. These results enhance our understanding of the complexity of spontaneous thinking and contribute to broader discussions on consciousness and reportable experience.