bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
РЕФОРМУВАННЯ СИСТЕМИ УПРАВЛІННЯ СОЦІАЛЬНО-ЕКОНОМІЧНИМ РОЗВИТКОМ В КОНТЕКСТІ РЕГІОНАЛЬНОЇ ПОЛІТИКИ ПІДВИЩЕННЯ ЯКОСТІ ЖИТТЯ ГРОМАДЯН
Authors: Сахман Олег
Published: September 2024

У статті зазначено, що реформа територіальних громад в Україні стала важливим кроком у процесі децентралізації влади, спрямованої на посилення місцевого самоврядування та підвищення ефективності управління на місцях. Впроваджена реформа передбачала об'єднання територіальних громад з метою створення спроможних адміністративно-територіальних одиниць, здатних забезпечити належний рівень послуг для населення та ефективне використання ресурсів. Запровадження реформи супроводжувалося змінами в законодавстві, що надавали територіальним громадам більше повноважень та фінансових можливостей. Обґрунтовано, що важливою складовою реформи стало також створення умов для залучення інвестицій у розвиток громад, що стимулювало економічну активність на місцях. Відмінності між регіонами, рівень розвитку інфраструктури та ресурсів вплинули на темпи впровадження змін і якість їх реалізації. Проте, загалом, реформа стала важливим чинником децентралізації та демократизації суспільства, надавши громадам більше автономії та можливостей для розвитку. Успішна реалізація цієї реформи стала передумовою для подальших кроків у напрямку модернізації системи місцевого самоврядування в Україні. В умовах глобалізації та інтеграції України в європейський простір особливо актуальним є підвищення ефективності управління соціально-економічними системами регіонів. Проаналізовано, що розробка і впровадження інноваційних механізмів управління, врахують сучасні виклики та можливості, зокрема необхідність адаптації до європейських стандартів. Особливу увагу слід приділити створенню умов для залучення інвестицій, що сприятимуть розвитку місцевої інфраструктури, підвищенню конкурентоспроможності регіонів, а також зростанню рівня і якості життя населення. Важливою складовою цього процесу є розвиток стратегічного партнерства між державними органами, приватним сектором та громадянським суспільством, що дозволить створити сприятливі умови для розвитку соціально-економічних систем. З’ясовано, що в умовах сучасних українських реалій, проблеми розвитку регіональних систем, підвищення ефективності їх управління та забезпечення їх привабливості для інвесторів є надзвичайно важливими. Вирішення цих завдань сприятиме економічній стабільності, соціальному розвитку та політичній безпеці України. В умовах децентралізації та реформи територіальних громад в Україні, роль регіональних соціально-економічних систем стає ще більш важливою. Вона передбачає комплексний розвиток усіх сфер життєдіяльності від економіки та інфраструктури до соціальної сфери, екології та управління природними ресурсами. Ефективне функціонування цієї системи забезпечує стабільний економічний розвиток, зростання рівня та якості життя населення, підвищення конкурентоспроможності регіонів.
ФОРМУВАННЯ МОНОЛОГІЧНОГО МОВЛЕННЯ УЧНІВ ПОЧАТКОВИХ КЛАСІВ ЗАСОБОМ МЕДІАОСВІТИ НА МАТЕРІАЛІ СИНТАКСИСУ ПРОСТОГО РЕЧЕННЯ
Authors: СІРАНЧУК Наталія
Published: September 2024

У статті обґрунтовано медіаконтент синтаксису простого речення, який варто використовувати у початковій школі з метою формування монологічного мовлення учнів. Подано визначення та літературні приклади синтаксису простого речення, які є доступними для дітей молодшого шкільного віку та, які варто використовувати в освітньому медіаконтенті. Обґрунтовано морально-естетичний вплив прикладів з класичної української літератури, які слугують мотиваційним матеріалом для створення монологічних висловлювань учнів. Подаються рекомендації щодо інтонаційної правильності вимови простих речень, які варто враховувати при внесенні в освітній медіаконтент. Визначено методику роботи над інтонацією, яка має важливе значення в процесі створення учнівських монологічних висловлювань. Поданий у статті методичний матеріал сприяє засвоєнню учнями початкової школи структури речення і найважливіших синтаксичних понять: зв’язок між словами в реченні, граматична основа речення, головні і другорядні члени речення. Доведено, що описане засвоєння синтаксичної термінології та застосування набутих знань і вмінь із синтаксису в практиці монологічного мовлення є надзвичайно ефективним і для розвитку емоційно-моральних почуттів учня. Репрезентований у статті матеріал має на меті допомогти ефективно організувати роботу з опанування нормами граматичної структури рідної мови, збагатити мовлення різноманітними способами і формами висловлення думки, піднести рівень розвитку мовлення учнів початкових класів.
DIRECTIONS FOR IMPROVING THE ACCOUNTING OF PAYROLL PAYMENTS UNDER MARTIAL LAW IN UKRAINE
Authors:   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Lemishovska Olesia , Dunaievska Anastasiia ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University
Published: September 2024

The article addresses the crucial topic of payroll accounting under martial law in Ukraine, highlighting the pressing need for adapting existing systems to meet the new challenges posed by the current socio-economic situation. The authors focus on the importance of ensuring accurate and timely payroll calculations, which have become increasingly difficult due to disruptions caused by the war, such as loss of documentation, human resources, and overall economic instability. The article outlines the legislative changes introduced during the martial law, which have significantly impacted payroll practices. These changes include alterations in workweek duration, holiday work policies, and considerations for mobilized employees. The article discusses the need for these updates to be swiftly and accurately reflected in payroll accounting to ensure compliance with the new regulations. Furthermore, the article discusses the role of internal audits in maintaining the integrity of payroll accounting during martial law. Regular audits are deemed essential to identify and rectify potential errors and discrepancies in payroll records, which are increasingly common due to the frequent legislative changes and the heightened pressure on accounting departments. The article also advocates for the continuous professional development of accountants, ensuring they are well-equipped to handle the complexities introduced by the new regulations and the evolving work environment. In addition to addressing technical and procedural aspects of payroll accounting, the article considers the psychological and operational impacts of the war on employees. The authors highlight the importance of supporting employees through transparent and fair payroll practices, which contribute to maintaining morale and productivity. In summary, the article provides a comprehensive overview of the current state of payroll accounting under martial law in Ukraine, offering practical recommendations for improving the system to ensure its effectiveness in this challenging environment. The study underscores the critical role of accurate and efficient payroll accounting in supporting the stability and resilience of businesses during times of crisis.
MIGRATION POLICY IN TIMES OF INDEPENDENCE
Authors:   Private Joint-Stock Company ", Pylypchenko Oleh ,   Higher education institution ",   Interregional Academy of Personnel Management",   Law Firm «Oleh Pylypchenko»
Published: September 2024

The article is devoted to the study of migration policy since independence. The development of migration policy in independent Ukraine was divided into several key stages, each of which reflects fundamental changes in the political, economic and social life of the country: the first stage (1991–2000) – «initial»; the second stage (2000–2014) – «stabilization»; the third stage (since 2014) – «wartime». It is established that at the first stage, Ukraine's migration policy was aimed at creating basic mechanisms for regulating migration processes, gradual integration of international migration norms into the legal framework of Ukraine, and also at finding a balance between economic, political and social aspects of migration. However, due to a lack of resources and experience, many initiatives remained unimplemented, which created preconditions for increased migration challenges in the following stages. The second stage was a time of significant intensification of migration processes in Ukraine, which required the state to make significant efforts to develop a migration policy that would meet international and European standards. Economic growth, the absence of serious political and social upheavals, and the process of integration with the EU were the key factors shaping Ukraine's migration policy at this stage. The third stage began with the negative events of 2014, including the annexation of Crimea and the outbreak of the armed conflict in eastern Ukraine. They became a turning point for migration processes. Military operations, destruction of infrastructure, security threats, economic downturn and social upheaval led to dramatic changes in the overall migration picture. One of the key features of the analyzed stage was the emergence of a new category of migrants – internally displaced persons (IDPs). The author concludes that an effective migration policy in Ukraine, similar to the EU countries, should include a foreign policy dimension. However, at present, the national migration policy remains detached both conceptually and pragmatically from the development processes characteristic of the EU. In today's conditions, it is extremely important for Ukraine to creatively rework the post-war migration experience of European countries and create the preconditions for its successful adaptation and implementation in national practice. This will make it possible to develop a more integrated and effective migration management strategy that will take into account all aspects of social and state development.
EFFECTIVENESS OF PERSONALIZED ADVERTISING IN DIGITAL MARKETING
Authors:   Kyiv University of Market Relations, Kulik Anna , Smirnova Iryna ,   Danube Institute of National University «Odesa Maritime Academy», Haidarzhy Anzhela ,   Danube Institute of National University «Odesa Maritime Academy»
Published: September 2024

In today's business landscape, the effectiveness of marketing activities that companies employ to promote their products and services through the Internet and other digital channels is a key factor in achieving success. In particular, there is a current trend towards not only increasing sales volumes but also building long-term relationships with customers. Given the identified relevance, this research aims to determine the practical aspects of personalized advertising effectiveness in digital marketing. Within the scope of this research, it is emphasized that for any business entity, not the process of personalized advertising in digital marketing itself is crucial, but rather its effectiveness. The research has demonstrated that the effectiveness of personalized advertising in digital marketing is achieved when individual advertising campaigns successfully attain their predetermined objectives. In other words, it's a measure of how effectively personalized ads influence user behavior online in terms of clickthrough rates, conversion rates, average order value, and so on.
ANALYSIS AND MULTI-CRITERIA OPTIMIZATION OF INVESTMENT SUPPORT OF THE WASTE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM FOR ENERGY
Authors:   Sumy State University, Rosokhata Anna , Matvieieva Yuliia ,   Sumy State University, Bolotna Tetiana ,   Sumy State University
Published: September 2024

Recently, Ukraine has faced the problem of environmental pollution caused by various factors. Knowing the criticality of the situation, the Ukrainian government implemented the National Waste Management Strategy until 2030. This document outlines a detailed action plan to solve the country's waste generation and handling issues. The most useful tool for implementing this strategy is investment programs in household waste management. Although these programs are powerful tools for developing the waste management sector, they require effective control and regulation. So, a multi-criteria optimization method can be used to choose the optimal program evaluation and selection method. Additionally, to ensure the targeted use of funds, prevent corruption and abuse, and increase the efficiency of investments, some problems need a solution.
DEVELOPMENT OF THE STARTUP INDUSTRY IN UKRAINE: STATUS, CHALLENGES, PERSPECTIVES
Authors: Dykha Mariia , Dykha Valerii , Gonta Sergiy
Published: September 2024

The article notes the importance of the development of the startup industry and the achievements of Ukrainian startups in various fields: from IT and blockchain to agricultural technologies and medicine. High rates of development of the IT sector of Ukraine were noted, with numerous successful examples of companies that attracted millions of dollars of investment. The authors substantiated the main components of startup design. The important characteristics of a startup business idea are described. The main aspects that must be taken into account in the process of searching and generating a business idea for a startup have been determined. It is justified that investors are looking not just for business ideas, but also for teams that can implement these ideas, adequately assess risks, and stably and harmoniously solve the tasks of a startup project. The range of factors of the external environment, the impact of which must be taken into account, is outlined. The characteristics of companies that demonstrated their technological solutions and attracted investments in 2022-2023 despite the difficult conditions of the war in Ukraine, security risks, global turbulence and venture financing problems are presented. The results of attracting investments by Ukrainian companies in the development of startups were analyzed, and the areas of activity in which the companies showed development results were highlighted. A number of measures that contribute to the development of the startup industry are described. It was noted that at the level of the state and local self-government bodies, competitions and grants for the implementation of start-up projects are announced, conditions are created for the presentation of start-up projects as part of international events, conferences, exhibitions. The prospects for the development of the domestic startup industry are substantiated. Despite the decrease in activity, the difficulties associated with the war, Ukraine is a country of unique talents who are able to produce startup projects, present and scale them to the whole world.
Understanding Mental Health of Urban Adolescents: An Explanatory Study on Primary School Students
Authors: Liu Jia
Published: September 2024

To understand the mental health status of primary school students in urban villages in Shenzhen, the Mental Health Diagnostic Test (MHT) for Primary and Secondary School Students was used to conduct psychological tests on 565 students in grades 4-6 using the school psychological assessment system. The test measures the student’s psychological state from eight aspects: learning anxiety, anxiety about people, loneliness tendency, self-blame tendency, allergy tendency, physical symptoms, fear tendency, and impulsive tendency. The test results show that the mental health status of students in grades 4-6 is generally good, and the warning students account for 6.0% of the number of people tested. The three items with the highest detection rates are learning anxiety, allergy tendencies, and self-blame tendencies. The school pays special attention to the student’s mental health status being warned and puts forward targeted suggestions, achieving good results.
TRACING THE HERITAGE AND CIVILIZATION OF AUSTRONESIAN SEAFARERS ACROSS WATERS, SEAS, AND OCEANS IN THE ARCHIPELAGO OF SOUTHEAST ASIA
Authors: Ali Ismail , Abdullah Mohd Firdaus
Published: September 2024

The waters, seas and oceans have traditionally been a source of inspiration for the search for the truth. It also manages to negate the human worldview that associates it with various elements of myth and superstition. The waters, sea and oceans are also a place with the advantage of consolidating ties between countries, forming a united, mutual understanding and unity spirit and generating mutual wealth. It is an invaluable, irreplaceable and modified property. Historiography in Southeast Asia saw a close relationship between people named "humans‵‵ in the South China Sea, Sulu Sea, Sulawesi Sea, Flores Sea, Java Sea, Banda Sea and so on. History has shown how they have fought hard through various waves and storms in the seas and oceans simply to ensure that the next generation holds the souls of the sailors. It has made the region a centre of superior civilization as well as a model for the centers of other world civilizations. Therefore, this writing aims to reassess the history of the existence of the Austronesian seafarers from the perspective of the history in Southeast Asia   themselves. The results of this study have opened the enactment of whether it is true that the origin of this Austronesian seafarer’s tribe originated in Taiwan as stated in the theory of migration and linguistics. In other words, the Austronesian seafarer today come from Southeast Asia itself and have migrated out to expand their civilizations in regions of Oceania such as Polynesia, Melanesia, and Micronesia all the way to Taiwan up to Madagascar. There is no easy answer to this matter and need to study from various disciplines and space to find strong evidence of the Austronesian seafarers.
Mapeando Necessidades: Oportunidades para a Utilização de Ferramentas Genéticas e Genômicas na Conservação da Biodiversidade Brasileira
Authors: Povill Cintia , Barreto Silvia , Mendes Izabela , Luna-Lucena Danielle , Damasceno Roberta , Pavan Ana Carolina , Vidal Amanda , Kantek Daniel Luis , Bento Diego , Neuhaus Emanuel , Nunes Gisele , Figueiró Henrique , Côrtes Lara , Lima Luanne , Vilaça Sibelle , Aleixo Alexandre , Martins Amely
Published: September 2024

Biodiversity conservation, especially in megadiverse regions like Brazil, faces challenges that demand the implementation of innovative approaches. In this context, a partnership agreement was signed between the Chico Mendes Institute for Biodiversity Conservation (ICMBio) and the Vale Institute ofTechnology (ITV), named GBB (Genomics of the Brazilian Biodiversity), aiming to develop genetic and genomic tools for the conservation, monitoring, and management of Brazilian species. For the identification of target species and pilot projects, a survey of conservation demands was conducted with the National Research and Conservation Centers (CNPCs) and conservation units (UCs) of ICMBio. From the demands of the CNPCs, 278 pre-projects were identified covering vertebrates (76.0%), invertebrates (17.4%), and plants (6.6%). These pre-projects encompass the four GBB hubs, with 27 in ‘DNA Barcode’, 65 in ‘DNA metabarcoding’, 157 in ‘Genomics of species of conservation interest’, and 29 in ‘Genomics of species of interest for bioeconomy’. The UCs, in turn, presented 419 demands involving vertebrates (62.5%), plants (27.5%), and invertebrates (10%). The main interests of the UCs relate to the analysis of population structure, connectivity, and effective population size. Additionally, synergies were identified between the demands of the CNPCs and between CNPCs and UCs, which can facilitate prioritizing projects. Our results represent an important source of information to support the delineation of GBB’s next steps and to guide genetic research on Brazilian species, driving innovation in biodiversity conservation.
The Protective Role of Vitamin E on the Liver, Kidney, and Male Reproductive Functions of Paracetamol Overdose in Male Rabbits
Authors: Hasan Shireen , Riyadh Abdulah Ali  , Alaa Alnaser
Published: September 2024

Pharmaceutical harm may result from both planned effects and pharmaceutical errors. Although paracetamol is often used as an antipyretic and painkiller, an excessive amount of it may be toxic to the liver and create free radicals that are harmful to human health. Thirty adult male rabbits were divided into three groups. Group I was orally administered normal saline (control). Group II (Paracetamol toxic dose) was orally administered paracetamol (1500mg /kg b.w ) dissolved in normal saline. Group III (Paracetamol & vitE)  (1500;400)mg/kg b.w), respectively. All group doses were given for three weeks daily. The findings revealed that a toxic dose of paracetamol increased oxidative stress (MDA), liver enzymes alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AS.T), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), the levels of serum creatinine (Cr), urea, and blood urea nitrogen (BUN), and decreased testosterone hormone. Additionally, the findings revealed a notable improvement in the liver and kidney functions. This study demonstrates that paracetamol in overdose elevated oxidative stress and hepatotoxicity, and nephrotoxicity reduced testosterone hor, but on the other hand, vitamin E had a protective effect of eliminating this disruptor.
The Influence of Financial Literacy on The Investment Behavior of Indonesian Migrant Workers in Japan
Authors: Puput Rohmawati  , Sintesa Nika
Published: September 2024

This study aims to analyze the influence of financial literacy on the investment behavior of Indonesian migrant workers in Japan, taking into account factors such as age, education level, and income. The research focuses on 50 Indonesian migrant workers in the Miyazaki area of Japan. Financial literacy is considered a key factor that can affect investment behavior, helping these workers make better investment decisions. A quantitative approach was employed, using descriptive statistical methods and correlation analysis based on questionnaire data that measured respondents' understanding of financial literacy and its impact on their investment behavior. The results show that financial literacy has a positive and significant effect on investment behavior. Higher levels of financial literacy are associated with improved investment decisions. Additionally, age, education, and income also have a significant impact. These findings highlight the importance of developing more effective financial literacy education and training programs for Indonesian migrant workers in Japan, as improved financial literacy can lead to better investment decisions, increased access to investment opportunities, and enhanced financial well-being.
La industria 4.0 en las empresas manufactureras de México
Authors: Maldonado Guzmán Gonzalo , Pinzón Castro Sandra Yesenia
Published: September 2024

En un mundo con más de ocho mil millones de personas, la creciente demanda de bienes y servicios ha causado una explotación excesiva de recursos no renovables, acelerando el calentamiento global por emisiones de CO2. Esta obra propone cambiar la producción industrial para resolver este problema. El libro explora cómo la comunidad científica, académica y empresarial colabora ante este desafío. Sugiere usar materiales reciclables y energías renovables en la fabricación para mejorar el entorno. Pero esta transformación tiene obstáculos. Aunque la Industria 4.0 es un cambio importante, su adopción tiene desafíos. Costos y falta de colaboración en cadenas de suministro dificultan su implementación. Habilidades y falta de infraestructura frenan su avance en economías en desarrollo. Se destaca la Industria 4.0 para empresas, especialmente en economías emergentes como México, para metas ambientales y de sostenibilidad en los industrias metalmecánica, automotriz, aeronáutica, química y textil de la industria manufacturera. Sin embargo, necesita una red sólida para conectar recursos y personas. El objetivo central de la Industria 4.0 es fusionar valor y producción en empresas inteligentes. La integración horizontal y vertical permitirá intercambios automáticos, conectando productos, maquinaria, empleados y consumidores. El trabajo aquí presentado promueve sistemas de producción adaptables para los desafíos actuales. Este libro es esencial para interesados en sostenibilidad industrial, innovación empresarial y tecnología en la creación de un futuro equitativo y sostenible.
Immune reconstitution dynamics after unrelated allogeneic transplantation with post-transplant cyclophosphamide compared to classical immunosuppression with anti-thymocyte globulin: a prospective cohort study
Authors: Kerbauy Mariana Nassif , Rocha Fernanda Agostini , Arcuri Leonardo Javier , Cunegundes Priscila Silva , Kerbauy Lucila Nassif , Machado Clarisse Martins , Ribeiro Andreza Alice Feitosa , Banerjee Pinaki P. , Marti Luciana Cavalheiro , Hamerschlak Nelson
Published: September 2024

Post-transplant cyclophosphamide has contributed to the success of haploidentical hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) and is also been used in transplantation from matched donors. However, limited data on the immune reconstitution after this type of immunosuppression is available. We aimed to evaluate immune reconstitution after HSCT from unrelated donors, comparing anti-thymocyte globulin (ATG) and post-transplant cyclophosphamide (PTCy). Consecutive patients undergoing HSCT from unrelated donors and receiving either ATG or PTCy were prospectively included. Immune reconstitution analyses were performed by flow cytometry pre transplant and on days 30, 60, 90, and 180 post-transplant. We included 36 patients, 20 in the ATG group and 16 in the PTCy group. In the early post-transplant period (D+30), the ATG group showed a higher number of total lymphocytes, T, B, and NK cells compared to the PTCy group. However, at D+180, the PTCy group exhibited a higher number of B cells. On D+60 and D+90, the ATG group displayed higher number of NK cells CD56dim compared to the PTCy group, while on D+180, the PTCy group showed higher number of CD56neg, CD16pos, and, NKG2Dpos NK cells. Naive CD4+, transition CD4+, and naive CD8+ T cells on D+60 were identified as risk factors for acute graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) grades II-IV, and a higher count of CD4+ memory cells on D+180 was identified as a risk factor for chronic GVHD. In the context of unrelated allogeneic transplantation, immunosuppression with PTCy was associated with later B, T and NK cells reconstitution compared to ATG.
Peranan Aplikasi Artificial Intelligence untuk Mendukung Proses Pembelajaran di SMKS YPSEI Kota Palangka Raya
Authors: Iashania Yunida , Sanitha Onie Dian , Fridtriyanda Asri , Kristianti Novera
Published: September 2024

Dunia Pendidikan dapat beradaptasi dengan perubahan yang terjadi di era digital saat ini agar tetap relevan dengan perubahan dan perkembangan zaman. Penggunaan kecerdasan buatan dalam bidang Pendidikan semakin banyak digunakan, terutama dalam kegiatan pembelajaran. Pelatihan ini mencakup sesi pengenalan canva dan latihan penggunaan aplikasi yang ada di canva. Melalui pendekatan dengan mengenalkan aplikasi canva untuk pengajar (guru) mendesain tugas-tugas pembelajaran yang kreatif, seperti infografis, presentasi, dan video edukatif, yang dapat meningkatkan inovasi pelajar. Hasil dari pelatihan ini menunjukkan peningkatan signifikan dalam keterampilan teknologi pelajar dan guru dan kualitas materi pembelajaran yang dihasilkan. Pelatihan menggunakan aplikasi canva khusus untuk guru di SMKS YPSEI Kota Palangka Raya menuai hasil yang positif, dengan peserta memberikan penilaian sangat puas terhadap kegiatan tersebut.
Kata kunci: Canva, Guru, Kecerdasan Buatan, Pelatihan
Kidney health management during pregnancy: a dialogue between patients and healthcare professionals
Authors: Fantuzzi Anna Laura , Berri Elisa , Tartaglione Lida , Mandreoli Marcora , Giannini Rossella , Dominjanni Sara , Porreca Silvia
Published: September 2024

Pregnancy in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) represents a significant challenge for nephrologists and healthcare professionals involved in the care pathway, especially in advanced stages of the disease and during dialysis. From an epidemiological standpoint, the exact percentage of women with CKD who become pregnant is unknown. It is estimated that stages 1 and 2 of kidney disease (where kidney function is still preserved or mildly impaired with persistent albuminuria) affect up to 3% of women of childbearing age (20-39 years), while stages 3-5 (glomerular filtration rate <60 ml/min) affect about 1 in 150 women of childbearing age. However, due to reduced fertility, these women often experience spontaneous miscarriages in the early months of pregnancy, and 1 in 750 face complications in their offspring.
As a result, managing pregnancy in CKD patients requires special attention, considering various clinical aspects including the reciprocal influence between the disease and pregnancy, the need to adjust therapies, the modification of treatments, and the high risk of maternal and fetal complications. An appropriate nutritional approach is also a crucial phase in this process, as nutritional status significantly influences maternal and fetal health. In this article, developed through questions posed to physicians and the case manager during routine care, we do not intend to address the entire complex issue linking kidney disease to pregnancy outcomes. Instead, we aim to provide updated answers to various topics of interest for the multidisciplinary team to safeguard the health of both mother and child.
Alterações bucais após cirurgia bariátrica
Authors: Reis Ana Letícia de Castro Rocha , Palhari Fabiana Tavares Lunardi , Santos Talita da Silva
Published: September 2024

A cirurgia bariátrica é um procedimento que visa reduzir a capacidade do estômago a fim de trazer uma melhora na qualidade de vida de pessoas obesas, porém esse tipo de procedimento pode acarretar em alterações na cavidade oral. Esse artigo teve como objetivo realizar um levantamento de dados sobre as principais alterações bucais presentes em pacientes que se submeteram à cirurgias bariátricas, a fim de demonstrar a importância de um trabalho multidisciplinar que inclua cirurgiões-dentistas no tratamento desses indivíduos. Foi utilizado um questionário online com perguntas objetivas em uma amostra de 51 participantes de várias localidades do território brasileiro. Destes, 64,7% afirmaram não possuir xerostomia e 43,1% responderam que não ingerem muito açúcar, enquanto 41,2% afirmaram que no passado possuíam uma dieta rica em açúcares, o que não acontece mais atualmente e 15,7% relataram a ingestão excessiva de açúcares. Os resultados desse trabalho demonstraram que os pacientes bariátricos abordados não possuem tantas alterações bucais pós-cirurgia, o que pode estar relacionado com a baixa ingestão de açúcares e uma boa frequência de escovação, além do tempo decorrido desde a cirurgia, levando em consideração que a maioria não foi orientada a procurar um profissional para cuidar da saúde oral. Faz-se necessário a inclusão de cirurgiões-dentistas na equipe multiprofissional de pacientes bariátricos para orientar sobre as alterações bucais e o que fazer para minimizá-las.
Cães como sentinela ambiental no Porto de Santos
Authors: Jardim Renata Cristina de Abreu , Oliveira-Sales Elizabeth B. , Dias Ramiro M. , Martimbianco Ana Luiza C. , Ventura Maria Luiza S. , Castro Carolina C. M. , Sarkis Jorge E. S. , Hortellani Marcos A. , Bastos Paula Andrea Santis
Published: September 2024

O rio Pouca Saúde se comunica com o Estuário do Porto de Santos, no bairro Porto em Guarujá. Ao longo do rio existem muitas palafitas lançando esgoto e lixo doméstico. O objetivo foi verificar se cães semidomiciliados da região do Rio Pouca Saúde podem ser biomarcadores de contaminação ambiental. Foram incluídos cães semidomiciliados que perambulavam constantemente pelas margens do Rio Pouca Saúde. Os cães foram submetidos a avaliação clínica, para verificação de possíveis ferimentos em patas e membros, e verificada as funções renal e hepática e realizada a dosagem de Antimônio, Cádmio, Chumbo, Cromo, Mercúrio, Níquel e Zinco. Os cães receberam vacina múltipla e antirrábica, coleira de identificação e coleira antiparasitária. A análise do sangue de 30 cães (50% fêmeas) com média de idade de 4,1 anos, identificou concentração elevada do metal Zinco em 27 indivíduos (90%) (Zn = 3,37 mg/kg ±0,71), que, também foi encontrado em concentrações elevadas nos sedimentos do Rio Pouca Saúde (Zn = 193,9 mg/kg). Quatro cães (13,3%) apresentaram número de reticulócitos aumentado no plasma de grau leve a moderado (10³/mm³). Esses animais apresentaram redução significante da concentração de VCM (p<0,05), monócitos (p<0,03) e creatinina (p<0,003) em comparação aos animais que não apresentaram essas células. Houve associação linear positiva moderada em relação à concentração de Zinco total e número de hemácias, concentração de hemoglobina e hematócrito no plasma (p<0,05). Os cães semidomiciliados do Sítio Conceiçãozinha, Guarujá, São Paulo, podem ser considerados como biomarcadores/sentinelas da contaminação ambiental para metais tóxicos.
Brotação e crescimento inicial de mudas de videira ‘Niágara Rosada’ em resposta à aplicação de fitorreguladores
Authors: Doná Sergio , Gazola Eduardo , Funai Claudio Hagime
Published: September 2024

Enxertia por borbulhia realizadas por meio da tecnologia CATI proporcionam rápida produção de mudas e formação do vinhedo, reduzindo em cerca de um ano o início da produção. Entretanto, tem-se observado desuniformidade na brotação das gemas e no desenvolvimento inicial das mudas. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o efeito do uso da auxina AIB associada ao pincelamento das gemas das mudas com Cianamida Hidrogenada (CH) na uniformidade da brotação e desenvolvimento de mudas enxertadas de videira cultivar ‘Niágara Rosada’. Para tanto, foram utilizadas mudas de videira de diâmetro uniforme do porta-enxerto ‘IAC 766’, enxertadas com a variedade ‘Niágara Rosada’, pelo método de borbulhia. O delineamento experimental foi inteiramente casualizado, com 10 tratamentos, 8 repetições, sendo 1 (uma) muda por unidade experimental, totalizando 8 mudas por tratamento, sendo que as médias foram agrupadas pelo teste de Scott-Knott a 5% de probabilidade. Foram avaliados os parâmetros: Porcentagem de brotação (%), comprimento da haste (cm) e diâmetro da haste (cm). Houve diferença significativa entre os tratamentos para os parâmetros avaliados. Verificou-se que a aplicação de CH nas gemas, durante a primeira semana após o plantio das mudas, aumenta a velocidade de brotação das mudas e que a auxina AIB, aplicada como enraizador das mudas na concentração de 1000 ppm por 5 segundos, promove maior crescimento e diâmetro das hastes. Verificou-se também que o uso conjunto da CH, utilizada na primeira semana após o plantio das mudas enxertadas, com a AIB proporciona mudas com maior crescimento e diâmetro das hastes.
Screen time among preschoolers: exploring individual, familial, and environmental factors
Authors: Lee Sangha , Kim Donghee , Shin Yunmi
Published: September 2024

Screen-based activity refers to the use of screened devices, which are changing from stationary devices such as televisions and desktop computers to newer portable devices such as smartphones and electronic tablets. The exposure of younger children to all types of screened devices has increased. This review aimed to provide an overview of previous studies and identify the correlations associated with screen-based activities in preschoolers. We conducted a systematic literature review of databases including PubMed, Embase, and PsycInfo targeting quantitative studies published between 2010 and 2019. We then analyzed the associations between screen time and various individual, familial, and environmental factors in healthy children aged 0–6 years. We specifically included studies that provided a subgroup analysis for this age category to systematically identify the factors influencing screen time patterns among preschoolers. The search yielded 36 articles that met the inclusion criteria. We investigated age, sex, and social, family, and personal factors as well as media parenting. The results suggested that media parenting for screen-based activities was an important protective factor. Limited research has been conducted on preschoolers' screen-based activities with both stationary and portable screened devices. Most factors have been studied using stationary devices and are too infrequent for solid conclusions to be reached. Parental screen time and the setting of appropriate media limits were crucial protective factors against excessive media exposure. However, information about family and personal factors remain scarce, and further research is needed.
ON THE SYSTEMIC STATUS OF THE OBJECT OF THE PROGRESSIVE SYSTEM OF EXECUTION AND SERVING OF IMPRISONMENT
Authors: Malin Petr Mikhaylovich
Published: September 2024

In the legal literature, the model of a progressive system of execution and serving of imprisonment is increasingly associated with a change in the legal status of a convicted person serving a criminal sentence, depending on the positive or negative behavior of the convicted person towards improvement or deterioration. Such judgments, in the author’s opinion, are not supported by the study of the progressive system from the position of the general definition of the system as a set of elements in mutual relations and connections forming a certain integrity, unity, as well as its understanding in the aspect of system analysis. To create a systematic understanding of the object of a progressive system with its systemic and legal characteristics, it is necessary to study it from the standpoint of system analysis, which is a means of improving and developing the current state of the progressive system as a whole (increasing its effectiveness). In the domestic legal literature, the systemic status of the object of the progressive system is not studied from the indicated positions. To show more clearly the features of the inseparability of system analysis from the object of the system (a person in custody; a person sentenced to imprisonment; For the first time, an attempt was made to create a systemic legal model of the systemic status of an object of a progressive system. In addition, the definition of the concept of the systemic status of an object of a progressive system is constructed, as well as its author’s concept is proposed, the structural elements of the systemic status of an object of a progressive system proposed for discussion are analyzed. The judgments given in the study have not yet found their completeness and are debatable, but their comprehensive study will allow us to take a different look at the reflection of the current concept of a progressive system in the norms of domestic legislation.
FEATURES OF INDIVIDUAL EDUCATIONAL WORK WITH CONVICTS THROUGH THEIR COLLECTIVE
Authors: Averkin Sergej , Tishchenko Yuriy Yur’evich
Published: September 2024

The article discusses the main issues of individual educational work with convicts, taking into account the use of a well-organized pedagogical process in a team that creates the best conditions for the implementation of all its requirements. In the course of the study, the authors come to the conclusion that it is in the collective of convicts that an individual convict is learned faster and more comprehensively, while there is the possibility of continuous development of the individual, as well as the choice of the most effective means and methods for his upbringing.
CORRECTION AND RE-SOCIALIZATION: ON THE ISSUE OF CONCEPTUAL CLARITY
Authors: Adoevskaya Ol’ga
Published: September 2024

The article analyzes the problems of correction and re-socialization of convicts and former convicts. According to the author, many issues of correction and re-socialization remain open, there is a lack of conceptual clarity in understanding these processes. The conclusion is proposed for discussion that in the process of re-socialization of convicts and former convicts, two stages can be distinguished – social readaptation and internalization. It is proved that social readaptation as an adaptation of convicts and persons who have served their sentences to new or restored norms and values, social roles can be expressed in obtaining general or additional education, vocational training, advanced training, involvement in paid work, development of mutual assistance among convicts, restoration and (or) development of ties with relatives, friends, colleagues, etc. It is noted that at the second independent stage of re-socialization, the acquired experience, values are reinteriorized with the help of other people, social institutions: they are assimilated, incorporated into the inner world of individuals, turning into a kind of reflex. The article substantiates the position that the process of re-socialization should be implemented through individual social rehabilitation programs and act in accordance with international acts as a way to achieve the main goal – the reintegration of convicts into society. It is concluded that the focus of penal enforcement policy should not be on absolute theories with ideas of retribution, which represent «the criminal as a rational agent weighing the costs and benefits of crime,» but on correctional concepts that see the criminal as a person amenable to correction and in need of support and treatment.
Insights into undergraduate medical student selection tools: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Huang Pin-Hsiang , Arianpoor Arash , Taylor Silas , Gonzales Jenzel , Shulruf Boaz
Published: September 2024

Purpose: Evaluating medical school selection tools is vital for evidence-based student selection. With previous reviews revealing knowledge gaps, this meta-analysis offers insights into the effectiveness of these selection tools.Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted applying the following criteria: peer-reviewed articles available in English, published from 2010 and which include empirical data linking performance in selection tools with assessment and dropout outcomes of undergraduate entry medical programs. Systematic reviews, meta-analyses, general opinion pieces, or commentaries were excluded. Effect sizes (ESs) of the predictability of academic and clinical performance within and by the end of the medicine program were extracted, and the pooled ESs were presented.Results: Sixty-seven out of 2,212 articles were included, which yielded 236 ESs. Previous academic achievement predicted medical program academic performance (Cohen’s d=0.697 in early program; 0.619 in end of program) and clinical exams (0.545 in end of program). Within aptitude tests, verbal reasoning and quantitative reasoning predicted academic achievement in the early program and in the last years (0.704 & 0.643, respectively). Overall aptitude tests predicted academic achievement in both the early and last years (0.550 & 0.371, respectively). Neither panel interviews, multiple mini-interviews, nor situational judgement tests (SJT) yielded statistically significant pooled ES. Conclusion: Current evidence suggests that learning outcomes are predicted by previous academic achievement and aptitude tests. The predictive value of SJT and topics such as selection algorithms, features of interview (e.g., content of the questions) and the way the interviewers’ reports are used, warrant further research.
Inhibition of NO Synthase Activity in Nervous Tissue Leads to Decreased Motor Activity in the Rat
Authors: Halčák L , Pecháňová O , Žigová Z , Klemová L , Novacký M , Bernátová I
Published: September 2024

The nitric oxide/cGMP system has been shown to play a crucial role in the mechanism of learning and memory. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether the inhibition of NO synthase in brain regions leads to alterations of spontaneous behavior in rats. Male Wistar rats were treated with NO synthase inhibitor NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) at the dose of 40 mg/kg/day. After 4 weeks of L-NAME treatment, NO synthase activity was significantly decreased by 75 % in the cerebellum, by 71 % in the cerebral cortex and by 72 % in the thoracic spinal cord. Decreased NO synthase activity in the nervous tissue was associated with decreased motor horizontal and vertical activities as well as by lowered frequency of sniffing, cleaning and defecation. It is concluded that the inhibition of NO synthase activity has a suppressive effect on spontaneous behavior of rats.
Short-Term Changes of NADPH Diaphorase-Exhibiting Neuronal Pools in the Spinal Cord of Rabbit after Repeated Sublethal Ischemia
Authors: Maršala J , Jalč P
Published: September 2024

The aim of this study was the histochemical characterization of NADPH diaphorase-positive neuronal pools in the rabbit lumbosacral segments using a model of single, repeated and multiple sublethal spinal cord ischemia. Following a single 8-min sublethal spinal cord ischemia and 1-hour reperfusion, the staining of NADPH diaphorase-exhibiting neurons in the dorsal horn, pericentral region, dorsal gray commissure and sacral parasympathetic nucleus was comparable with the control sections. In contrast to the foregoing sublethal ischemia, a regionally different somatic NADPH diaphorase (NADPHd) staining was found after multiple sublethal spinal cord ischemia. Whereas an almost complete loss of the staining of large NADPHd-exhibiting somata in the pericentral region was detected, the staining of the NADPHd-exhibiting neuronal pools in the deep dorsal horn and sacral parasympathetic nucleus was fully preserved. Concomitantly, a prominent reduction of small NADPH diaphorase -positive neurons was noted in the superficial dorsal horn layers of lower lumbar and sacral segments.
Nitric Oxide-Compromised Hypertension: Facts and Enigmas
Authors: Gerová M
Published: September 2024

NO concentration in the femoral artery and femoral vein of anesthetized dogs was found to be 154.2± 5.6 nM and 90.0± 12 nM, respectively. Inhibition of NO synthase (NOS) slightly decreased the basal NO concentration in femoral artery from 154.2± 5.6 to 137.2± 3.3 nM. Acetylcholine-induced increase in NO concentration was slightly but still significantly attenuated, suggesting that very probably L-NAME did not inhibit all sources of nitric oxide (NO). Local NOS inhibition in the posterior hypothalamus dose-dependently increased systemic blood pressure (BP) in rats. Short-term general NOS inhibition in anesthetized dogs increased diastolic BP but not systolic BP. The heart rate after one-hour down-fluctuation returned to initial values. Proteosynthesis in the myocardium and both branches of the left coronary artery increased, but this was not supported by polyamines, since the activity of ornithine decarboxylase declined. Long-term general NOS inhibition elicited a sustained BP increase, a decrease in heart rate, cardiac hypertrophy and an increase in wall thickness of the coronary and carotid artery. The results indicate that NO deficiency itself plays a role in proteosynthesis and cardiac hypertrophy, in spite of relatively small increase in diastolic blood pressure and no change in systolic blood pressure, at least after an acute L-NAME administration. The hypotension response to acetylcholine and bradykinin studied in anesthetized NO-compromised rats, was unexpectedly enhanced. The elucidation of this paradoxical phenomenon will require further experiments.