bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Larval description of Limnephilus atlanticus Nybom 1948, morphological comparison with Limnephilus affinis Curtis 1834, (Trichoptera: Limnephilidae) and additional notes on their ecology in Azores Islands
Authors: BALIBREA ANA , GONÇALVES VITOR , RAPOSEIRO PEDRO MIGUEL
Published: September 2020

This study presents the first morphological description and illustration of the late instar larva of Limnephilus atlanticus Nybom 1948, an endemic caddisfly from the Azores. Taxonomic comparisons with a recently recorded limnephilid species, Limnephilus affinis (Limnephilidae), and notes of their ecology and distribution in the Azores are also provided.
Ampelisca Krøyer, 1842 (Amphipoda: Ampeliscidae) in the Persian Gulf and the Gulf of Oman
Authors: MOMTAZI FARZANEH
Published: September 2020

The representatives of the genus Ampelisca Krøyer, 1842 collected during the PGGOOS expedition (the Persian Gulf and Gulf of Oman Oceanographic Study) were studied. The species Ampelisca persicus sp. nov., Ampelisca lowryi sp. nov. and Ampelisca linearis sp. nov. were described. A redescription of Ampelisca cyclops Walker, 1904 was prepared based on material of the western part of the Indian Ocean. The differences between this and other records of A. cyclops were studied.
Emesis planeca n. comb. (Lepidoptera: Riodinidae): a new combination revealed by molecular evidence with a description of its morphological variation
Authors: TRUJANO-ORTEGA MARYSOL , CALLAGHAN CURTIS J. , GARCÍA-VÁZQUEZ URI OMAR , LUIS-MARTÍNEZ ARMANDO , ÁVALOS-HERNÁNDEZ OMAR , LLORENTE-BOUSQUETS JORGE
Published: September 2020

We transfer Apodemia planeca R. de la Maza E. & J. de la Maza E. 2017 to Emesis as Emesis planeca (R. de la Maza E. & J. de la Maza E.) n. comb. based on phylogenetic hypotheses estimated with one mtDNA and two nDNA markers. This is a rare and poorly known metalmark, endemic to the central region of Balsas Basin in Michoacán, Mexico, originally described from material collected 23 years ago. Here we analyze new specimens from the type locality not included in the original description. With this new material, we describe the morphological variation of adults, including male and female genitalia. This variation is then discussed and compared with the original description. Emesis planeca n. comb. is restricted to the Tropical Deciduous Forest and the adults fly only in the dry season. Due to the spatial, temporal, and ecological rareness of Emesis planeca n. comb., considering it has not been collected in more than two decades and that the Tropical Deciduous Forest is one of the most threatened habitats in Mexico; we propose assigning a protection status to this species.
Contribution to the knowledge of Rhaphidophorinae (Orthoptera: Ensifera: Rhaphidophoridae) from Thailand: three genera Neorhaphidophora, Eurhaphidophora and Minirhaphidophora
Authors: DAWWRUENG PATTARAWICH , GOROCHOV ANDREI V. , TANOMTONG ALONGKLOD , SUWANNAPOOM CHATMONGKON
Published: September 2020

A new subgenus, three new species and a new subspecies of the rhaphidophorines are described from Thailand: Minirhaphidophora (Condylophora) ophioglossa subgen. et sp. nov., Neorhaphidophora siamensis sp. nov., Eurhaphidophora pawangkhananti sp. nov., and Eurhaphidophora tarasovi doitungensis ssp. nov. Keys to all known species with regard to the genera Neorhaphidophora and Minirhaphidophora, as well as a key to the Thai species of the genus Eurhaphidophora, are provided.
Notes on the poorly known Anoplophora species, with description of one new species from South China (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae, Lamiinae)
Authors: BI WEN-XUAN , CHEN CHANG-CHIN , OHBAYASHI NOBUO
Published: September 2020

A new species, Anoplophora siderea Bi, Chen & N. Ohbayashi, sp. nov. (繁星星天牛, Fán xîng xîng tiân niú), is described from Guangxi and Guangdong, China. Unknown males of Anoplophora cheni Bi & N. Ohbayashi, 2015, A. chiangi Hua & Zhang, 1991, A. flavomaculata (Gressitt, 1933) and A. multimaculata (Xie & Wang, 2015) are recorded for the first time. The endophalli of those species and A. ankangensis (Chiang, 1981) are described. New localities, habitus, endophallic structure and major diagnostic features of them are provided.
The Synoptic and Mesoscale Evolution Accompanying the 2018 Camp Fire of Northern California
Authors: Mass Clifford F. , Ovens David
Published: September 2020

The Camp Fire event was associated with dry, northeasterly winds that descended the western slopes of the Sierra Nevada of Northern California during the early morning hours of 8 November 2018. The downslope winds peaked around sunrise, with strong winds pushing the fire rapidly toward Paradise, California. Similar to recent central/Northern California wildfires associated with downslope winds, the synoptic pattern was characterized by building sea level pressure over the Intermountain West and a trough along the coastal zone, with both the synoptic evolution and low-level winds skillfully forecast by operational models. The maximum wind gusts along the western Sierra Nevada slopes ranged from 10–20 kt (1 kt ≈ 0.51 m s−1) at sheltered locations to 50–60 kt at exposed sites on the mid- to upper slopes of the barrier. The highest winds were not climatologically exceptional, and low-level temperatures were cooler than normal over and to the east of the Sierra Nevada, near normal over the western slopes, and warmer than normal over coastal California. Drier-than-normal conditions prevailed during the ∼3 days preceding and during the event, as a result of downslope winds. The origin of the fire can be traced to strong winds interacting with a failing electrical transmission infrastructure, with highly flammable surface fuels fostering rapid fire movement between the ignition source and Paradise.
Sea Surface Temperature and Ocean Heat Content during Tropical Cyclones Pam (2015) and Winston (2016) in the Southwest Pacific Region
Authors: Chandra Ashneel , Kumar Sushil
Published: September 2020

The sea surface temperature (SST) and upper-ocean heat content (OHC) have been explored along the track of two tropical cyclones (TCs): TC Pam (2015) and TC Winston (2016). These TCs severely affected the islands of Vanuatu and Fiji, in the South Pacific region (8°–30°S, 140°E−170°W). The SST decreased by as much as 5.4°C along the tracks of the TCs with most cooling occurring to the left of the TCs tracks relative to TC motion. SST cooling of 1°–5°C has generally been observed during both the forced and relaxation stages of TC passage. Argo profiles near the TCs revealed observable temperature-based mixed layer deepening. Subsurface warming was also observed post-TC passage from the temperature profile of one of the floats after the passage of both TCs. The OHC and heat fluxes are seen to play an important part in TC intensification as both these TCs intensified after passing over regions of high OHC and enhanced heat fluxes. Apart from the traditionally used OHC obtained up to the depth of the 26°C isotherm (QH), the OHC was also determined up to the depth of the 20°C isotherm (QH,20). The QH and QH,20 values decreased in the majority of cases post TC passage while QH,20 increased in one instance post-TC passage for both the TCs. QH,20 was also used to identify heat energy changes at deeper levels and it correlated well with the traditionally used OHC during the weaker stages of the TCs.
A Conceptual Replication Study of the Enhanced Core Reading Instruction MTSS-Reading Model
Authors: Fien Hank , Nelson Nancy J. , Smolkowski Keith , Kosty Derek , Pilger Marissa , Baker Scott King , Smith Jean Louise Mercier
Published: September 2020

States are increasingly recommending that districts and schools use multi-tiered systems of support (MTSS) to improve reading outcomes for all students. States have also suggested MTSS is a viable service delivery model in response to new state legislation to screen, identify, and treat students with word-level reading disability (i.e., dyslexia). One model of MTSS that utilizes Enhanced Core Reading Instruction (ECRI MTSS), has demonstrated significant increases in students’ early acquisition of foundational reading skills (Smith et al., 2016). The purpose of this study was to conduct a conceptual replication of the Smith’s (2016) original impact study. In a cluster-randomized controlled trial, 44 schools were randomly assigned to the ECRI MTSS treatment or a business-as-usual (BAU) MTSS control condition. Across conditions, 754 students were assigned to receive Tier 2 intervention in addition to Tier 1 instruction. Impact data indicate moderate to strong effects on student decoding, word reading, and fluency skills for students in the ECRI MTSS schools. Results suggest that schools can use ECRI MTSS to improve foundational reading skills for struggling early readers, including students with or at risk for word-level reading disabilities (i.e., dyslexia).
Canada’s feminist foreign policy and human security compared
Authors: Smith Heather , Ajadi Tari
Published: September 2020

Canadian federal governments regularly try to craft a unique image of Canada in the world; however, the Trudeau government’s embrace of feminist foreign policy feels strikingly similar to the late 1990s when human security was embraced. There seems to be a “sameness” in the promotion of a progressive values-based discourse that has transformative potential for Canadian foreign policy. The question is, does this sense of sameness bear out when we dig into the comparison? Drawing on speeches given by government ministers; policy documents, such as the Feminist International Assistance Policy (FIAP); media; and scholarship, we compare and contrast analyses of the sources of the human security and feminist foreign policy discourses and then identify common critiques. We also examine two significant differences. We find there is consistent Liberal articulation of values-based discourses and policies that have unmet transformative potential. In both cases, style and rhetoric are privileged over transformative change.
A Poisson Factorization Topic Model for the Study of Creative Documents (and Their Summaries)
Authors: Toubia Olivier
Published: September 2020

The author proposes a topic model tailored to the study of creative documents (e.g., academic papers, movie scripts), which extends Poisson factorization in two ways. First, the creativity literature emphasizes the importance of novelty in creative industries. Accordingly, this article introduces a set of residual topics that represent the portion of each document that is not explained by a combination of common topics. Second, creative documents are typically accompanied by summaries (e.g., abstracts, synopses). Accordingly, the author jointly models the content of creative documents and their summaries, and captures systematic variations in topic intensities between the documents and their summaries. This article validates and illustrates the model in three domains: marketing academic papers, movie scripts, and TV show closed captions. It illustrates how the joint modeling of documents and summaries provides some insight into how people summarize creative documents and enhances understanding of the significance of each topic. It shows that the model described produces new measures of distinctiveness that can inform the perennial debate on the relation between novelty and success in creative industries. Finally, the author shows how the proposed model may form the basis for decision support tools that assist people in writing summaries of creative documents.
The big business of school meals
Authors: Gaddis Jennifer E.
Published: September 2020

Big corporations and food service companies are making millions of dollars from public school meal programs, often to the detriment of students’ health. Jennifer Gaddis explains how government policies and funding shortfalls have affected what is served is school cafeterias. Common cost-cutting measures include serving cheap and easy-to-prepare meals, selling junk food to raise revenues, or bringing in outside companies to manage cafeterias. Parents and community groups have pushed back, trying to bring scratch cooking and nutritious food back into their cafeterias.
Science standards do address scientific literacy: A reply to Zucker and Noyce
Authors: Brunsell Eric , Anderson Kevin , Steiner Kelly , Anfinson Tom
Published: September 2020

In their article, “Lessons from the pandemic about science education,” Andrew Zucker and Pendred Noyce stress the importance of students making sense of the world around them and use the COVID-19 pandemic as a call to change the Next Generation Science Standards (NGSS) to better address important elements of science literacy. In this response, Eric Brunsell, Kevin Anderson, Kelly Steiner, and Tom Anfinson note that they agree about the importance of science literacy but explain that Zucker and Noyce misrepresent the NGSS.
Washington View: Education + Money = Freedom
Authors: Ferguson Maria
Published: September 2020

The COVID-19 pandemic and related economic downturn has made the persistent inequities in the U.S. education system even more evident than before. In her monthly Kappan column, Maria Ferguson discusses how approaches to school spending have failed to respond adequately and fairly to economic conditions. On top of the differences in funding is the phenomenon of wealthy parents spending their money to find ways out of the system by, for example, creating pandemic pods that enable their children to have in-person learning opportunities that aren’t likely to be available for poorer children. Examples like this may look like “education freedom,” but it’s freedom only available for a few.
Bookshelf: Kappan authors on their favorite reads
Authors: Fagell Phyllis L.
Published: September 2020

In this monthly column, Kappan authors discuss books and articles that have informed their views on education. Phyllis Fagell recommends The Gift of Failure by Jessica Lahey, Meredith Honig shares what she learned from The Remains of the Day by Kazuo Ishiguro, and Alex Molnar describes the influence of the Urban Review article “The person in the curriculum” by James Macdonald.
Creation, God, and the coronavirus
Authors: Brett Mark , Goroncy Jason
Published: September 2020

This short reflection argues that, in the face of natural crises that occur in the world, responsible Christian speech requires a much fuller and more thickly textured understanding of creation than is often presented. Reading the Bible leads us to avoid speculating on the origins or purposes of such crises. Rather, it bears witness to the divine promise of hope in the healing justice of God, and calls human persons and human communities to participate in that justice through responsible action.
Critical flocculation concentration for polyvalent ions using silica nanoparticles; a new version of Schulze-Hardy rule
Authors: Rodriguez Rogelio , Vargas Susana
Published: September 2020

Critical Flocculation Concentration (CFC) is an important quantity because allows to know the optimal amount of flocculant required to remove (adsorb) specific quantities of metal ions in aqueous solution allowing to reduce both, the flocculation time and the excess of unreacted flocculant; this unreacted material produces, by itself, an additional contamination. The results reported here show that the standard Schulze-Hardy-Rule (SHR), based only in the valence z, is not longer valid to obtain the right values of CFC. In this work it is reported a correct determination of CFC for di- and tri-valent ions using different types of silica nanoparticles. Both, the initial pH slope (-pHo) and the valence z are required to determine correctly the CFC. The proposed modified version for CFC is CFC ∝ [(-pHo)z]−1.
Is independence enough? Rehabilitation should include autonomy and social engagement to achieve quality of life
Authors: McClure John , Leah Caspian
Published: September 2020

Purpose:

This discussion paper argues that holding independence as the central goal for rehabilitation has limitations that hinder successful outcomes. It shows why autonomy and social engagement should also serve as goals of rehabilitation, in order to achieve quality of life and effective functioning.

Methods:

The paper reviews problems arising from the over-emphasis on independence in rehabilitation. Although independence is a valuable goal on some tasks, it is sometimes not possible or desirable and is best complimented by autonomy and social engagement. Autonomy recognises that enacting some goals requires the support of other people. Autonomy is thus linked to social engagement (connectivity) in the workplace and personal relationships. The paper applies this framework to motor and cognitive disabilities.

Results:

The inclusion of autonomy and social engagement as goals for rehabilitation addresses the limitations of independence and can serve the unifying aim of enhancing the person’s quality of life. These goals apply equally to motor disabilities and the cognitive and behavioural effects of injuries which affect personal and work relationships.

Conclusions:

Rehabilitation is likely to be more effective if it aims at a combination of independence, autonomy and social engagement, in service of the goal of a good quality of life.
Role of intraoperative neuromonitoring of recurrent laryngeal nerve in thyroid and parathyroid surgery
Authors: Ling Yuwei , Zhao Jing , Zhao Ye , Li Kaifu , Wang Yajun , Kang Hua
Published: September 2020

Objective

To investigate whether intraoperative neuromonitoring (IONM) has a significant advantage in reducing the incidence of recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) injury.

Methods

Patients who underwent thyroid and parathyroid surgery from October 2012 to December 2017 at the Center for Thyroid and Breast Surgery of Xuanwu Hospital were retrospectively analyzed. They were divided into the IONM group and visualization alone group (VA group) according to whether IONM was used.

Results

In total, 1696 nerves at risk of injury (IONM group, n = 1104; VA group, n = 592) were included in the analysis. Among the high-risk nerves, permanent damage occurred in no cases in the IONM group but in one case in the VA group. Because the higher proportion of central lymph node metastasis caused difficulties in central cervical lymph node dissection and identification of the RLN, the patients undergoing lateral cervical lymph node dissection in the VA group had a significantly higher risk of postoperative RLN injury (11.76% vs. 0.00%).

Conclusion

IONM technology has advantages in protection of the RLN, especially in high-risk nerves and patients with a high proportion of central lymph node metastasis who require central and lateral cervical lymph node dissection.
Thrombo-inflammatory features predicting mortality in patients with COVID-19: The FAD-85 score
Authors: Wang Junhong , Zhang Hua , Qiao Rui , Ge Qinggang , Zhang Shuisheng , Zhao Zongxuan , Tian Ci , Ma Qingbian , Shen Ning
Published: September 2020

Background

The roles of inflammation and hypercoagulation in predicting outcomes of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) are unclear.

Methods

Adult patients diagnosed with COVID-19 from 28 January 2020 to 4 March 2020 in Tongji Hospital, Wuhan were recruited. Data on related parameters were collected. Univariate analysis and multivariable binary logistic regression were used to explore predictors of critical illness and mortality.

Results

In total, 199 and 44 patients were enrolled in the training and testing sets, respectively. Elevated ferritin, tumor necrosis factor-α and D-dimer and decreased albumin concentration were associated with disease severity. Older age, elevated ferritin and elevated interleukin-6 were associated with 28-day mortality. The FAD-85 score, defined as age + 0.01 * ferritin +D-dimer, was used to predict risk of mortality. The sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of FAD-85 were 86.4%, 81.8% and 86.4%, respectively. A nomogram was established using age, ferritin and D-dimer to predict the risk of 28-day mortality.

Conclusions

Thrombo-inflammatory parameters provide key information on the severity and prognosis of COVID-19 and can be used as references for clinical treatment to correct inflammatory and coagulation abnormalities.
Text and Intertexts: A Proposal for Understanding Proverbs 30.1b
Authors: Sandoval Timothy J.
Published: September 2020

Proverbs 30.1b represents a well-known textual conundrum that is regularly resolved by re-dividing and re-pointing the consonantal text of MT. The typical emendation to the initial ‘words of Agur’ results in a text that has this figure lament his weariness. Adopting in part this common emendation while also taking a cue from an older suggestion by Charles C. Torrey, this article contends that an Aramaic Vorlage to the initial three verses of Prov. 30 lies behind the current MT. The proposal explains better than most other suggestions how the corrupted MT of Prov. 30.1b emerged. Unlike most commentators who accept the common emendation to the line but who do not discuss much Agur’s weariness, the proposal also explains why Agur experiences fatigue by considering several key biblical and Second Temple intertexts to Prov. 30.1-4.
Homosexuality, the Holiness Code, and Ritual Pollution: A Case of Mistaken Identity
Authors: Töyräänvuori Joanna
Published: September 2020

The Holiness Code in Leviticus contains a well-known list of illicit sexual practices. Two infamous Levitical verses (18.22 and 20.13) have been widely interpreted as forbidding and calling for punishment for carnal relations between two adult males and have even influenced modern legislation regarding homosexuality and marriage equality in many countries. It is the suggestion of the author that the verses do not in fact refer to homosexual acts at all, but instead should be interpreted as forbidding and calling for punishment of the act of two males sharing simultaneously the bed of a single woman, which in the context of the Holiness Code and its other statutes aims at prohibiting the creation of offspring whose patronage is unclear and form is abominable, which in turn would lead to the ritual pollution of the Promised Land.
Indigeneity and political economy: Class and ethnicity of the Guarani-Kaiowa
Authors: Ioris Antonio Augusto Rossotto
Published: September 2020

Ontological and identitary questions affecting indigenous peoples are discussed through an assessment of the socio-spatial trajectory of the Guarani-Kaiowa of South America, employing an analytical framework centred around land, labour and ethnicity. These enhanced politico-economic categories provide important entry points for understanding the violence and exploitation perpetrated against indigenous groups, as well as their capacity to reclaim ancestral territory lost to development. Evidence indicates that ethnicity is integral to class-based processes, given that the advance of capitalist relations both presumes and produces difference and subordination. The case study in the Brazilian state of Mato Grosso do Sul demonstrates that the Guarani-Kaiowa became refugees in their own land due to ethnic differences, but at the same time their labour has underpinned the regional economy to a considerable extent through interrelated mechanisms of peasantification and proleterianisation. Trends of exploitation and alienation have intensified in recent decades due to racism and socio-spatial segregation, but the action/reaction of subordinate groups has also been reinforced through references to their ethnicity.
Unbound: Releasing Inequality’s Grip on Our Economy
Authors: Boushey Heather
Published: September 2020

There is a transformation now underway in economics that is thoroughly upending the conventional wisdom about how our nation can deliver strong, stable, and broadly shared economic growth. A new generation of scholars, informed by new data and sources of empirical evidence, is challenging long-held assumptions about how the economy works and the extent to which those workings can be understood in isolation from the larger dynamics of the rest of society. Real-world observations are undermining the claim that markets left to their own devices reliably deliver socially beneficial outcomes. All this is paving the way for a major shift. The new framework starts from the understanding—grounded in the evidence—of the ways that inequality obstructs, subverts, and distorts economic growth. While Adam Smith’s famous invisible hand pushes the economy toward broadly beneficial outcomes, economic inequality acts as bind, thwarting the idealized market processes as it transforms into social and political power. A rising tide cannot lift all boats when some cannot even get launched and others pushed off course and deprived of navigation tools, founder on the rocks. Inequality constricts economic growth. This framework exposes dynamics more complex than the conventional economic wisdom of the past can explain. While it is tempting to embrace the simple tale that a rising tide lifts all boats, we need to make sense of a large body of research literature, much of which has focused not directly on the question of how inequality affects economic growth but rather on how inequality affects mechanisms that in turn drive investment and productivity. The reasons that economic benefits are not flowing to families may be disparate, but there are many common themes—which, once fully traced, can reveal new patterns to guide better economic thinking and policymaking.
Top 10 Things Every Radiologist Needs to Know About Intimate Partner Violence
Authors: Guyatt Paige , Bzovsky Sofia , Bhandari Mohit , Sprague Sheila
Published: September 2020

Introduction:

Intimate partner violence (IPV) is considered to be the leading cause of nonfatal injury to women worldwide. Moreover, the need for effective training for health care professionals (HCPs) and protocol for addressing IPV in health care contexts are well-documented. This article addresses key questions that radiologists may have related to supporting patients who have experienced IPV.

Methods:

Peer-reviewed journal articles and other formal reports were located using Google Scholar and PubMed in order to assemble this review.

Conclusions:

Radiologists are well-equipped to help identify possible instances of IPV if they are aware of the injury patterns commonly associated with IPV. Along with other HCPs, radiologists can also advocate for the implementation of protocols that will guide their responses to victims of IPV within their own health care institution.
Incidence of Barotrauma in Patients With COVID-19 Pneumonia During Prolonged Invasive Mechanical Ventilation – A Case-Control Study
Authors: Udi Josefina , Lang Corinna N. , Zotzmann Viviane , Krueger Kirsten , Fluegler Annabelle , Bamberg Fabian , Bode Christoph , Duerschmied Daniel , Wengenmayer Tobias , Staudacher Dawid L.
Published: September 2020

Background:

SARS-CoV2 can cause pulmonary failure requiring prolonged invasive mechanical ventilation (MV). Lung protective ventilation strategies are recommended in order to minimize ventilator induced lung injury. Whether patients with COVID-19 have the same risk for complications including barotrauma is still unknown. Therefore, we investigated barotrauma in patients with COVID-19 pneumonia requiring prolonged MV.

Methods:

All patients meeting diagnosis criteria for ARDS according to the Berlin Definition, with PCR positive SARS-CoV2 infection and prolonged mechanical ventilation, defined as ≥2 days, treated at our ARDS referral center between March and April 2020 were included in a retrospective registry analysis. Complications were detected by manual review of all patient data including respiratory data, imaging studies, and patient files.

Results:

A total of 20 patients with severe COVID-19 pulmonary failure (Overall characteristics: median age: 61 years, female gender 6, median duration of MV 22 days) were analyzed. Eight patients (40%) developed severe barotrauma during MV (after median 18 days, range: 1-32) including pneumothorax (5/20), pneumomediastinum (5/20), pneumopericard (1/20), and extended subcutaneous emphysema (5/20). Median respirator settings 24 hours before barotrauma were: Peak inspiratory pressure (Ppeak) 29 cm H2O (range: 27-35), positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) 14 cm H2O (range: 5-24), tidal volume (VT) 5.4ml/kg predicted body weight (range 0.4-8.6), plateau pressure (Pplateau) 27 cm H2O (range: 19-30). Mechanical ventilation was significantly more invasive on several occasions in patients without barotrauma.

Conclusion:

Barotrauma in COVID-19 induced respiratory failure requiring mechanical ventilation was found in 40% of patients included in this registry. Our data suggest that barotrauma in COVID-19 may occur even when following recommendations for lung protective MV.
Appraisal and Coping Link Sexual Victimization History to Emotional Experience: A Multilevel Daily Diary Study*Portions of this study were presented at the 2018 Annual Meeting of the American Psychological Association.
Authors: Finkelstein-Fox Lucy , Park Crystal L. , Huedo-Medina Tania B.
Published: September 2020

Sexual victimization (SV) history is common among college students and has many adverse effects on health, but little is known about whether these effects are explained by everyday stress and coping. Further, most studies conflate between- and within-person effects, limiting our understanding of distinct trait- versus state-level pathways. To address these gaps, we examined the multilevel association of SV history with contemporary positive and negative affect and somatic symptoms via daily control appraisals and coping (problem-focused, meaning-focused, and avoidance) with daily stressors. Online daily diary surveys assessed stress, appraisals, coping, affect, and somatization among 261 undergraduates with and without SV history over 11 consecutive days. Between- and within-person differences in appraisals, coping, affect, and somatic symptoms were examined using multilevel covariance modeling in a causal system, testing daily stressor type as a moderator of within-person effects. Across days, SV history was indirectly linked only to average positive affect via meaning-focused coping, with no other between-person indirect effects. At the within-person level, greater negative affect was experienced in the context of interpersonal stress, driven by greater problem-focused coping, greater positive affect was experienced in the context of academic stress, driven by greater control appraisals, and less positive and negative affect were experienced in the context of intrapersonal stress, driven by lower control appraisals and less problem-focused coping. SV may influence daily stress processes at multiple levels, depending on stressor type. Appraised control and active coping are potentially important but understudied ways in which SV history informs contemporary stress management.
Exposure to Family Violence, Peer Attachment, and Adolescent-to-parent Violence
Authors: Nam Boyoung , Kim Jae Yop , Bright Charlotte Lyn , Jang Daeyeon
Published: September 2020

Although parent violence has been extensively investigated in the literature, few studies have examined its link to adult-initiated family violence. This study investigated the relationship between adult-initiated family violence (i.e., child exposure to intimate partner violence [CEIPV] and child abuse) and adolescent-to-parent violence (APV), with a particular focus on the moderating effect of peer attachment on this relationship. A sample of 709 adolescents from the Children and Adolescent Survey (a subset of the 2010 Nationwide Survey of Domestic Violence in South Korea) was used. The survey included measures of child abuse, CEIPV, APV, peer attachment, and demographic characteristics. Multiple regression analysis was conducted to examine the association between two types of adults-initiated family violence and APV. The interaction terms of peer attachment were included in the regression analysis to test its moderating effect. The results indicate that child abuse victimization is significantly associated with APV, but peer attachment significantly buffers the negative effect of child abuse on APV. CEIPV was not significantly associated with APV. The findings of the current study highlight the importance of breaking cycles of violence and improving children’s relationships with their peers in preventing parent violence. Counselors and social workers should explore APV perpetrators’ child abuse history when conducting interventions. School counseling programs can help reduce adolescents’ violent behaviors towards their parents by promoting positive peer relationships and peer bonding.
Preparation and performance characterization of novel PVA blended with fluorinated polyimide membrane for gas separation
Authors: Yu Yunwu , Lin Peng , Zhao Ye , Liu Changwei , Xu Changwei , Sun Xiaowei , Liang Lianjie , Wang Junhai , Liu Peng
Published: September 2020

Fluorinated polyimide and PVA blending membranes were prepared by aqueous solution casting. We chose a poly (amic acid) ammonium salt (PAAS) in aqueous solution based on a novel green strategy as the PI precursor. The blending membranes were characterized by ATR-FTIR, DSC, TGA and gas permeation measurement. The ATR-FTIR analysis revealed that the imidization reaction of 6FPI based on aqueous precursor was completed at 180°C and hydrogen bonds formed between PVA and 6FPI. 6FPI showed good compatibility with PVA segment in blending membranes without obvious separated phase structure. The blending membranes showed high separation properties, for blending with 6FPI the gas separation performance stability was improved due to the hydrogen bonds between hydroxyl groups of PVA and carbonyl groups of 6FPI, and the rigid structure of 6FPI. At high operating pressure 10 bar, the CO2 permeability and CO2/N2 selectivity remained rather high. Using water as the solvent in the PAAS synthesis and membrane preparation is more environmentally friendly and less costly.
Numerical simulation and experimental measurement of the thermal history of friction stir welded copper plates
Authors: Pourhamid Reza , Shirazi Ali
Published: September 2020

In this study, the thermal histories of the welded copper plates have been numerically determined under different welding conditions. In order to determine the amount of heat produced by the welding tool, Frigaard formula was used and in the next step, the welding process was modelled using the obtained heat values. The numerical results have been compared with empirical results and it was cleared that they are in good agreement. This study showed that the travelling velocity of the welding tool changes the amount of transferred heat to the workpiece and its rotating velocity affects the welding temperature. Also, it was cleared that in all welding processes, initially, the graphs of predicted thermal histories using the numerical method are lower than the diagrams obtained from the experiment. Then, the diagrams trend change and the simulation graphs go above the experimental graphs. Moreover, the Signal-to-Noise ratio analysis showed that the diameter of the shoulder is an important factor in this process and mainly, affects the thermal stresses.
Topological invariant and definition method for detecting isomorphism in planar kinematic chains
Authors: Cui Rongjiang , Ye Zhizheng , Sun Liang , Wu Chuanyu
Published: September 2020

Isomorphism identification is an essential step in mechanism configuration synthesis. Although various detection methods have been proposed, some of them can only effectively identify kinematic chains (KCs) within 10 links or complex programs that are needed to identify multilink KCs. In this study, a new isomorphism identification method is proposed based on the distance concept of graphs and the graph theory definition of isomorphism. In addition to two complex 21- and 28-link planar simple-joint KCs (PSKCs), the proposed algorithm is tested on the complete atlas of 8-link 1-DOF, 9-link 2-DOF, 10-link 1-DOF, 12-link 1-DOF, and 13-link 2-DOF PSKCs. The algorithm is also tested on 6-link 1-DOF and 7-link 1-DOF planetary gear trains (PGTs) to detect isomorphism. All results are in agreement with those of the existing literature. The method is fully automated via a computer program and has been verified to be reliable and efficient.
Study on tie rod force characteristics in electro-hydraulic power steering system for heavy vehicle
Authors: Du Heng , He Yongyao , Yang Yuanrong , Wang Yunchao
Published: September 2020

The tie rod is one of the key components affecting the steering stability and reliability in the steering system of heavy vehicles. In order to meet the heavy load steering requirements of heavy vehicles, the steering system is universally the electro-hydraulic power steering system (EHPSS). The hydraulic actuators used in the EHPSS are double hydraulic cylinders, which are connected in series and symmetrically installed in this study. The hydraulic drive system in the steering system will affect the steering mechanism of stress state, leading to the tension of the tie rod in most working conditions. The tie rod be compressed only in extremely unequal loading of dual-tires. The tie rod force model is established based on Lagrange equation and verified by the tie rod test platform. Three key parameters describing the force rule of tie rod are obtained by adopting quasi-steady state analysis method, including pump pressure, difference value and sum value of left and right tires steering resistance torque. Pump pressure is the key factor affecting the tie rod force. The higher the pump pressure is, the greater the pull force of tie rod is. The steering resistance torque will further affect the variation law of the tie rod force. In the analysis when the tire at middle position, with the increase of difference value of steering resistance torque, the tie rod force offset between loading conditions and no-load conditions increases. When the tire turns from the middle to both sides, the increase of sum value of steering resistance torque will result in the rising of tie rod force change rate. This study reveals the variation law and key parameters of the tie rod force of heavy vehicles. It can provide basis for stability and reliability design of steering system.
Adaptive time delay control for cable-driven manipulators using fuzzy logic algorithm
Authors: Yan Fei , Wang Yaoyao , Ju Feng , Chen Bai , Wu Hongtao
Published: September 2020

A new adaptive time delay estimation technique with sliding mode control method is proposed and investigated in this passage for cable-driven manipulators. Time delay estimation technique is an effective tool to compensate for unmodeled dynamics and unknown disturbance, and adaptive time delay estimation performs better due to its adaptive control gain. The proposed adaptive method is based on the fuzzy logic algorithm which has a great advantage in input–output mapping thank to its flexibility. Tuning procedure is addressed to reveal the implementation of the newly proposed algorithm. Moreover, the desired trajectory is taken as an input of adaptive algorithm and better control performance is obtained through this attempt. The proposed controller is ultimately uniformly bounded and proof using the Lyapunov method is provided. Finally, comparative experiments show the validity and effectiveness of the proposed controller.
Sociodemographic changes in the population frequency of colonoscopy following the implementation of organised bowel cancer screening: An analysis of data from Swedish registers, 2006–2015
Authors: Thulin Torbjörn , Strömberg Ulf , Holmén Anders , Hultcrantz Rolf , Forsberg Anna
Published: September 2020

Objective

To assess sociodemographic changes in the population frequency of colonoscopy (PFC; number of colonoscopies per 1000 inhabitants per year) among people aged 50–74 in relation to the implementation of a regional colorectal cancer screening programme for people aged 60–69 in the Stockholm-Gotland region (RSG) in 2008.

Method

The PFC was estimated by year (2006–2015), pre- and post-implementation of colorectal cancer screening programme (2006–2007 vs. 2014–2015), age, sex, residential region, immigrant status and educational level. The data were obtained from Swedish patient and population registers.

Results

The PFC largely increased during 2006–2015 in all six Swedish regions. The estimated increase in the pre- vs. post period PFC (ΔPFC) within the RSG was (i) greater for men than for women (5.8 vs. 4.5) and (ii) smaller for people aged 70–74 than for those aged 60–69 (5.5 vs. 9.0), while the corresponding ΔPFCs within each of the other regions were (i) not greater, or even smaller, for men and (ii) not smaller, or even larger, for elderly people aged 70–74.

Conclusion

A regional implementation of an organised colorectal cancer screening programme did not lead to a higher PFC increase in the screening relevant age group 50–74 years. Nevertheless, changes in the PFC were more pronounced for men and less pronounced for people aged 70–74 than those invited to participate in the screening programme (60–69 years), as compared with the rest of Sweden (without organised colorectal cancer screening).
Sport omnivorism: Social stratification of sports practice in Chile
Authors: Reyes Javier
Published: September 2020

Using Chan and Goldthorpe’s theoretical framework of cultural consumption, this study analyses the patterns of social stratification in sports practice in Chile. Based on the data of the National Survey of Physical Activity and Sports Habits in the Population Aged 18 and Over 2015 in Chile ( n = 5511), a latent class analysis was used to identify and characterize types of sports practice in this country. After this, logistic and multinomial regressions were performed to relate the types of sports practice found and its social determinants. The results support current literature in sports participation, finding evidence in favour of both the homology hypothesis and omnivorous–univorous hypothesis. However, in the same way as previous studies, it is shown that these arguments are reconfigured in the field of sport.
Highly mobile workers challenging Regulation 883/2004: Pushing borders or opening Pandora’s box?
Authors: van Ooij Eva
Published: September 2020

This research paper aims to highlight hurdles that EU citizens may encounter when exercising their social security rights while working across borders. With the focus on the worker who is highly mobile in the sense of performing various work activities in two or more Member States, the paper analyses how the current system of coordination copes with the increasing mobility in the European labour market. On the basis of an illustrative case, it demonstrates where and explains why high mobility leads to legal and practical ambiguities due to the different interpretations of the rules determining the applicable law, particularly Article 13 of Regulation 883/2004.
Integrating Social-Emotional Learning Into Our “New Normal” Teaching Elementary General Music
Authors: Raschdorf Taryn , May Brittany Nixon , Searcy Amie
Published: September 2020

As social-emotional learning (SEL) initiatives are being adopted by many states and school districts, many music teachers have been actively and successfully integrating SEL into their elementary general music curriculum. Whether teaching in person or remotely music educators can create an environment conducive to SEL by practicing mindfulness, building relationships with and between students, encouraging family music engagement, and engaging in inclusive music activities. In this column, you will find resources and ideas about SEL, discover how it looks and functions in the music classroom (virtual or not), and hear from music educators who currently incorporate SEL in their teaching.
Excessive damage increase in dual phase steels under high strain rates and temperatures
Authors: Çobanoğlu Merve , Ertan Rasim K , Şimşir Caner , Efe Mert
Published: September 2020

Damage formation in dual phase steels is a complex process and it may be sensitive to the deformation conditions and mechanisms. In this study, the damage parameter is measured and compared under quasi-static and industrial forming conditions (temperatures: 25 vs 200, 300°C and strain rates: 10−3 vs 10 s−1) for DP590 and DP800 steels. Resonance frequency and ultrasonic sound velocity techniques are utilized for the measurements to test the effectiveness and validity of each technique. At a given strain, the damage values can be up to 700% higher at industrial forming conditions, under which dynamic strain aging (DSA) controls the deformation behavior. DSA results in lower formability and is the likely mechanism responsible from the abnormal damage evolution. Measured damage parameters are also confirmed with the void fraction characterization by microscopy, which also provided details on the void shape and distribution with respect to the deformation conditions.
Vibration control of coupled Duffing oscillators in flexible single-link manipulators
Authors: Huang Jie , Ji Jinchen
Published: September 2020

Motion-induced oscillations of the flexible single link and its payload at the tip have negative impact on the anticipated performance of the flexible manipulators and thus should be suppressed to achieve tip positioning accuracy and high-speed operation. Because of the structural flexibility, the dynamics of the flexible manipulator can be described by coupled Duffing oscillators when considering the inherent structural nonlinearity of the flexible link into the dynamic modeling. However, little research has been focused on addressing the dynamic coupling issue in the nonlinear modeling of flexible-link manipulators using coupled Duffing oscillators. This article presents coupled Duffing oscillators for the nonlinear modeling of flexible single-link manipulators and then proposes a control method for suppressing the nonlinear vibrations of the coupled Duffing oscillators. Simulated and experimental results obtained from a flexible single-link manipulator test bench are in good agreement with the proposed nonlinear modeling and also demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed control techniques for vibration suppression of the flexible manipulator.
The Dialogic Public Policy: A Successful Case
Authors: Álvarez Gemma , Aiello Emilia , Aubert Adriana , García Tania , Torrens Xavier , Vieites Maria
Published: September 2020

This article presents the concept of dialogic public policies using a case study of the Integrated Plan for the Roma People in Catalonia. For centuries, the Roma people have been considered one of the most socially excluded and discriminated groups across Europe. Several public policies have been promoted to achieve greater social inclusion and reverse this situation. In this context, from 2001 onward, the dialogic public policies began to be developed, which indicated the beginning of the Integrated Plan for the Roma People in Catalonia. The egalitarian dialogue between the Roma people and the scientific community started with the WORKALO project. This research funded by the V Framework Research Programme of the European Commission that generated a political impact and prompted unanimous recognition of the Roma people on the part of the European Parliament and some of the parliaments of the member states. The dialogic public policies had two defining points: they had to be made using an egalitarian dialogue with the Roma people, and they had to base themselves on actions indicated by the scientific evidence to provide the best possible results.
Entangled Time Hops: Doomsday Clocks, Pandemics, and Qualitative Research’s Responsibility
Authors: Shelton Stephanie Anne
Published: September 2020

This article explores the micro- and macro-level implications of the dual global pandemics of COVID-19 and racism through a narrative structure based on Barad’s discussion of “timehops.” Weaving personal, national, and international stories, the article explores qualitative research’s responsibility and potential to offer new ways to respond to the entanglements of people, places, moments, materials, and these pandemics.