bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Tratamiento ultraconservador con Papacarie en niños de 5 a 7 años que acudieron a la Clínica Odontológica Universidad Privada del Valle Cochabamba
Authors: Espinoza Paredes Melvy
Published: April 2023

El tratamiento de lesiones cariosas en niños sigue los mismos principios que en el adulto, con las diferencias de menor estructura dental y ante todo la cooperación del paciente pediátrico en el tratamiento, lo cual es posible mejorar mediante el manejo adecuado de la conducta del niño.

Se realizó un trabajo de investigación con el objetivo de determinar la eficacia del gel Papacarie@ para la remoción de caries en pacientes entre 5 a 7 años, atendidos en la Clínica Odontológica Universidad Privada del Valle Cochabamba Gestión 2010, que presentaban caries de segundo grado.

Esta investigación fue de tipo prospectivo, longitudinal y analítico; el universo estuvo conformado por 50 piezas temporarias posteriores con caries de segundo grado que no presentaron sintomatología dolorosa, a las cuales, luego de aplicarles el Papacarie@ por 40 segundos, se procedió a retirar el tejido cariado con cucharetas de dentina para posteriormente obturarlas con un cemento ionómero de vidrio de obturación. Este producto no afecta a la estructura dental remanente, lo que facilitó la colaboración de pacientes poco cooperadores, aunque el tiempo de trabajo se incrementó.

Los principales resultados fueron: la pieza con mayor porcentaje de caries fue el segundo molar superior temporario izquierdo con 16 %, siendo más afectados los pacientes de 5 años; según género, las niñas presentaron mayor frecuencia de caries en dientes del maxilar inferior y para maxilar superior los niños fueron más afectados; comparativamente, más niñas que niños requirieron una segunda y hasta tercera aplicación del producto para la remoción total de la caries, que fue lograda en general en un 100 % (con una aplicación en 70 % de los casos, con dos aplicaciones el 20 % y con tres el 10 % de los casos); no se evidenció ningún cambio radiográfico en los controles realizados al mes y a los dos meses de aplicado el producto.

Con respecto al dolor durante la ejecución de la técnica en la investigación realizada en la Clínica, ningún paciente presentó este síntoma, al igual que los pacientes del estudio de Satie y cols; de similar forma ningún paciente presentó alteraciones clínicas o radiográficas posteriores al tratamiento recibido, tanto en el estudio de Satie y cols., como en el realizado en la Clínica.
FUNDAMENTALS OF TOURISM MANAGEMENT
Authors: Kavitha Dr. K. , Mishra Dr. Amitabh , Kumar Dr. K. Rajesh , Devendra Prof. M.
Published: April 2023

This book seems to have a lot of information and tries to cover everything there is to know about tourism & travel management. The book's chapters are set up in a very scientific way, moving from easy or early stages of study to more difficult or advanced stages. The text is also used to teach students who are taking Tourism and Travel Management classes at a distance. It also wants to change the way people see other people and the world. Learn about motivation, vacations, and ways to get around. Find out how tourism products are affected by changes in society and government. Learn about places to visit, cultures, and hospitality around the world. The rise of travel-related services and chains of distribution Role of the government, governing bodies, and groups. How modes of transportation came to be and what role they played in the growth of travel and tourism.
Support Fuzzy-Set Machines: From Kernels on Fuzzy Sets to Machine Learning Applications
Authors: Guevara Jorge , Hirata Roberto , Canu Stephane
Published: April 2023

This work introduces a new class of kernel machines: the Support fuzzy-sets machines. This machines can be used to solve machine learning tasks, like classification, regression or clustering, on data with point-wise uncertainty. We advocate the use of fuzzy set for modeling the uncertainty around the vicinity of observations, and for incorporating those uncertainties into the learning machine. Support fuzzy-sets machines are defined by kernel gram (covariance) matrices defined by kernel on fuzzy sets, which are special kind of real-valued (kernel) functions whose domain is the set of all fuzzy sets, i.e., k : X × X → R, where X is a fuzzy set. Under fuzzy set modeling, such kernels can be used to estimate covariance matrices for observations with point-wise uncertainty and for estimating similarity measures for that kind of data. Previous research showed in fact, an improved performance in learning machines when is considered the information given by the neighborhood around observations, see for example local learning [Bottou and Vapnik, 1992], Vicinal kernels [Vapnik, 1995], Vicinal risk minimization [Chapelle et al., 2001] and the RBF network. More recent approaches consider kernel machines defined by kernels on probability measures [Muandet et al., 2012]. Support Fuzzy-set Machines thanks to the reproducing theorem of kernel methods learn f = Pi αik(X,) in a high dimensional Hilbert space called Reproducing Kernel Hilbert Space, where the support fuzzy-sets is the set given by all the fuzzy sets such the correspondent αi > 0. Several positive definite kernels on fuzzy sets can be used for training the proposed kernel machines, as for example: The cross product kernel on fuzzy sets [Guevara et al., 2017], the intersection kernel on fuzzy sets, [Guevara et al., 2014], the non-singleton kernel on fuzzy sets, [Guevara et al., 2013] or the Distance-based kernels on fuzzy sets ([Guevara et al., 2015]).
The effectiveness of Tocilizumab in severe covid 19 pneumonia among critically ill patients
Authors: Rajachandran Karthikkeyan , Susan Varghese Giphy , Kumar J Vinoth
Published: April 2023

Background: Tocilizumab, an interleukin-6 (IL-6) antagonist, is being evaluated for the management of covid-19 pneumonia. The objective of this study was to assess the effectiveness of Tocilizumab in severe covid-19 pneumonia. Methods: This was a retrospective, observational, single centre study performed in 121 patients diagnosed with severe covid-19 pneumonia. 83 patients received standard of care treatment whereas 38 patients received tocilizumab along with standard of care. Tocilizumab was administered intravenously at 8mg/kg (upto a maximum of 800mg). The second dose of Tocilizumab was given 12 to 24 hours apart. The primary outcome measure was ICU related and hospital related mortality. The secondary outcome measures were change in clinical status of patients measured by WHO (World Health Organisation) 7 category ordinary scale, changes in interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels, secondary infections and duration of ICU stay. Results: Tocilizumab was administered between 3-27 days after the patient reported symptoms ( a median of 10.9 days ) and between the 1st to 3rd day of ICU admission (median of 2.1 days) . In Tocilizumab group, 16(42.1%) of 38 patients died in ICU whereas in standard of care group, 27(32.53%) of 83 patients died. The difference in clinical status assessed using WHO (World Health Organisation) 7 category ordinary scale at 28 days between Tocilizumab group and standard of care group was not statistically significant (odds ratio 1.35, 95% confidence interval 0.61 to 2.97, p = 0.44). Conclusion: Tocilizumab plus standard care was not superior to standard care alone in reducing mortality and improving clinical outcomes at day 28.
Trace Element Analysis and in vitro Bioactivity of Parkia roxburghii and Rhus semialata extracts
Authors: Imchen Putusenla , N Lotha Bichumo , Lensayula Lensayula , K Zhimomi Betokali , Phucho Tovishe
Published: April 2023

A study on the fruit of Parkia roxburghii and Rhus semialata, specifically found in Nagaland, is being done in this work which includes its phytochemical screening, trace element determination, anti-bacterial and antioxidant studies. Acetone and Ethanol were used for the extraction purpose. Furthermore, in vitro antioxidant studies for determining its free radical scavenging activity were carried out through the DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) and FRAP (ferric reducing antioxidant power) assay as compared with the reference standards Trolox and Ascorbic acid. The extracts were also evaluated for their anti-bacterial activity against four strains of bacteria and to further quantify the anti-bacterial studies, the MIC (Minimum Inhibitory Concentration) of both the samples were carried out by means of two-fold serial broth dilution method.
Preventive Measures and Spread of COVID-19 Infection among Dental students in Basra in the First Period of the Epidemic in Iraq: An Online Cross-Sectional Survey
Authors: A. Haji Sarah , Abbas Husseien Halah , Ali Al-Marash Ahmed , Salih Altawriy Hania Mohammed
Published: April 2023

This study was undertaken in the college of the Dentistry- University of Basra, Oral and maxillofacial surgery Department. This survey assessed protective measures regarding COVID-19 infection and aimed to evaluation the evidence on the affiliation between use of preventive measures and COVID-19 infection among dental students in Basra. The questionnaires were designed and assembled into two domains as follows: 1- Personal data including age, sex, and academic stage. 2- Analytical data including questions regarding infection rate among dental students and their commitment of COVID-19 preventive measures. An explanation for the aim of this study was coupled to the questionnaire, and the members were asked to sign an online informed permission. The questionnaires were directed toward 1000 dental students and only 875 were responding to the survey and included in the databank. The duration of study approximately takes 10 days, the questionnaire was conducted to students on February, 12th 2020 and the documents collecting were closed at (February, 22nd 2020). On the topic of preventive measures follow in order to avoid the dispersion of COVID-19 infection, an endemic feature of Corona virus disease has led to the deaths of thousands of individuals across several countries. For the prevention of the extent of the disease and its mortality, several preventive measures have been recommended. Conversely, the level of acquaintance and the implementation of such protective measures against COVID-19 among dental students in Basra which constitute vulnerable group are yet to be evaluated. Eight-hundred and seventy-fife questionnaires were analysed. Out of the 875 participants, (250) were males, and (675) were females. Two hundred and sixty-one (29.8%) participants had been infected with covid -19, and six hundred and fourteen (70%) were not being infected. Regarding the correlation between the infection with COVID-19 and the sex and college stage, consequently, no substantial statistical differences were detected between the males and females amongst COVID infected students. This survey demonstrated that the terms of self-protective means in addition to community disaffection will be considerably drops the statistics of dental student’s COVID infections.
Panamá: asimetría informativa durante la pandemia en un país con brecha digital y prácticas zero-rating
Authors: Urribarri Raisa , Subinas Jon
Published: April 2023

Se presentan los resultados de una investigación de tipo exploratorio-descriptivo que tuvo como objetivo conocer cómo se informaron las personas en Panamá durante la pandemia (mayo 2021-enero 2022), tomando en cuenta la brecha digital y la existencia de prácticas zero-rating, a través de las cuales los usuarios de telefonía móvil acceden a servicios digitales libres de costo. El estudio se desarrolló en cuatro fases consecutivas a través de una metodología mixta que incluyó la sistematización de datos secundarios, la aplicación de tres encuestas en línea y la realización de ocho grupos focales presenciales en seis de las diez provincias del país y dos de las tres comarcas indígenas con rango provincial. Los hallazgos revelan el uso emergente de aplicaciones de mensajería instantánea y de las redes sociales para obtener información sobre los asuntos del país; amplias asimetrías en el acceso a los distintos medios y canales informativos, y poca confianza en los mensajes que circulan a través de estos. A la luz de los referentes teóricos sobre los derechos de los receptores, el derecho a la información y la brecha digital, las situaciones halladas podrían estar atravesadas por la asimetría territorial, una de las expresiones de la desigualdad social del país. Dado el uso extendido de aplicaciones de mensajería instantánea, especialmente WhatsApp, disponibles sin costo en los planes de telefonía móvil prepagada, luce necesario el desarrollo de un estudio específico sobre el impacto de las prácticas zero-rating en el consumo informativo, especialmente en el contexto de poblaciones socialmente vulnerables, tanto en Panamá como en otros países de la región donde la brecha digital es acusada y existen este tipo de convenimientos entre las empresas de telefonía y plataformas de servicios digitales.
Terapia per la polmonite acquisita in comunità non complicata in bambini in età prescolare dimessi a domicilio: confronto tra Amoxicillina a basso o alto dosaggio per 3 o 7 giorni. I risultati del RCT inglese CAP-IT
Authors: Gruppo di lettura di Parma
Published: April 2023

Therapy for uncomplicated community-acquired pneumonia in preschool children discharged from ED: comparison of low-dose or high-dose Amoxicillin for 3 or 7 days. Results of the English RCT CAP-IT This study is the first one performed in Western countries that used a 3-day therapy for uncomplicated community-acquired pneumonia (CAP), already tested several times in low- and medium-income countries. This study, carried out in UK, is a double-blind RCT of good methodological quality. The study compared the efficacy of 4 different therapeutic regimens by dose (high or low) and by duration (3 or 7 days) versus placebo, in the treatment of 824 children older than 6 months and weighing between 6 and 24kg with CAP, discharged from emergency room or hospital. Approximately 12% of cases across all regimens require further antibiotic therapy for a new respiratory infection within 28 days from randomization; 5% of children enrolled experienced a severe adverse event requiring hospitalization. Both groups demonstrated noninferiority with no significant interaction between doses and duration. In the subgroup with more severe symptoms at enrolment (i.e., those with at least two altered thoracic physiologic parameters) 17.3% of recipients of a lower dose versus 13.5% of those treated with the higher dose require additional antibiotic therapy by 28th day, but the difference is not statistically significant. The limitations related to the non-inferiority design and the composition of the studied population, which limit the transferability of the results, are discussed.
re: evolution
Authors: Rosenfield Kim
Published: April 2023

Delving into the fissures of language as an opportunity to create something new, Rosenfield appropriates texts from various fields of knowledge (evolutionary theory, psychoanalysis, advice on the science of living, and feminist theory) to rewire ideas of authority, subjectivity and expert opinion. The resulting re: evolution is part text-book, part poem, part song-of-science, part feminist guide-to-living. Presented alongside research and analysis from a literary critic (Sianne Ngai), a poet/academic (Diana Hamilton), and an evolutionary biologist (Jennifer Calkins), re: evolution prompts the question: what moves around what?
Effect of Seed Rate on Yield and Yield Components of Aerobic Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Under White Nile State Conditions
Authors: Abdalla Amna A. , Elsiddig Ahmed A. , Hassan Alawia O.Hassan
Published: April 2023

A field experiment was conducted for two consecutive seasons(2014 and 2015), at the White Nile Research Farm, Kosti, White NileState, Sudan, to determine the seed rate for aerobic rice (Oryza sativa L.).The variety Kosti1 was sown directly on flat dry soil with varying seedrates: 40, 60, 80 and 100 kg/ha. The experiment was arranged in arandomized complete block design with three replications, in the twoseasons. The land was pre-irrigated and then disc harrowed and leveled.The crop was planted during the first week of July in both seasons.Characters studied were, Phenology, yield, biological yield and yieldcomponents. The combined and single analyses of variance for bothseasons showed that seed rate treatments exhibited highly significantdifferences in grain yield and yield components. The results showed that,increasing seed rate significantly increased number of panicles/ m2, thepercentage of empty grains, plant height, grain yield and biological yield.However, increasing seed rate reduced days to 50% flowering, the filledgrains and the 1000- grain weight. The results indicated that the seed rate(80 kg/ha) significantly increased the number of panicles/m2, biologicalyield and grain yield (kg/ha). The lowest and the highest yields/ha wereobtained at the seed rates of 40 and 80 kg/ha, respectively. The resultsindicated that, increasing seed rate from 40 to 60 kg/ha increased grainyield by 10 % and 16 % in the first and second seasons, respectively; andthat grain yield could be improved significantly in the two seasons by 6 %and 18 % by increasing seed rate from 60 to 80 kg/ha. However,increasing seed rate from 80 to 100 kg/ha reduced the grain yield by 17 %and 23 % in the first and second seasons, respectively. The highestmarginal rate of return (MRR) 1496 % was obtained from the 80 kg/haseed rate. Therefore, it is concluded that the optimum seed rate under theconditions of the present investigation was 80 kg/ha.
Screening and Molecular Characterization of Oleaginous Yeasts and Their Potentiality for Single Cell Oil Production
Authors: Elmahe Rania. A. , Elkhalil Elhadi. A. I. , Yousif Nabila. E.
Published: April 2023

The study aimed to isolate oleaginous yeasts from different sources (rotten fruits, fruit juices, milk, fish and air) and to identify and to study the possibility of production of single cell oil (SCO) from wheat straw and sugarcane molasses media. Thirty samples of yeasts were isolated using different methods according to the source of isolates. The isolated yeasts were characterized using microscopic appearance, colony morphology, physiological tests, assimilation tests and molecular identification. The effectiveness of oleaginous yeast to produce the single cell oil was studied, by growing the yeast on two types of wheat straw media (detoxified liquid hydrolysate (DLH) and non-detoxified liquid hydrolysate (NDLH)), and molasse media. Single cell oil was extracted by hexane. Eighteen isolates were found to be yeast, and the profile of ten yeast samples was identified as Saccharomyces cerevisiae, while, one sample was identified as Pichia guilliermondii. DLH wheat straw gave higher productivity of oil than NDLH wheat straw. Generally, S. cerevisiae gave higher oil productivity (84 %), compared to P. guilliermondii (52 %).
Physicochemical Properties of Single Cell Oil Extracted from Oleaginous Yeasts
Authors: Elmahe Rania. A. , Elkhalil Elhadi. A. I. , Yousif Nabila. E.
Published: April 2023

The study aimed at extracting single cell oil (SCO) from some oleaginous yeasts living on wheat straw and sugarcane molasses media and to determine physicochemical properties of the produced oil for further assessment as edible oil. Thirty samples of yeasts were isolated according to the different methods based on the source of isolates. The effectiveness of oleaginous yeast to produce the single cell oil was studied, when the yeast was grown on two types of wheat straw media (detoxified liquid hydrolysate (DLH) and non-detoxified liquid hydrolysate (NDLH)), and molasse media. Single cell oil was extracted by hexane. Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Pichia guilliermondii were used to produce SCO. SCO produced from oleaginous yeasts in sugarcane molasses media was significantly (P≤0.05)   higher than that produced in wheat straw media. DLH of wheat straw gave higher productivity of oil than NDLH wheat straw. Generally, S. cerevisiae gave higher oil productivity (84 %), compared to P. guilliermondii (52 %).The results indicated that most of the physicochemical properties of extracted oil were found to be within the recommended limit of the common edible oil reported, except for the iron content; it ranged from 21 to 24 mg/kg, which was 4-5 times more than the permissible level of that of the Codex Alimentarius Commission. In addition, single cell oil produced by molasses contained omega-3 fatty acids such as eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic which are not found in vegetable oil. Also the unsaturated fatty acids of SCO produced in wheat straw media were higher than that produced in molasses media. The fatty acid profile of SCO produced in molasses media was different from that of vegetable oils. The good physicochemical characteristics and fatty acids profile of SCO from wheat straw make it safe and a promising potential raw material for production of edible oil. The result of this study suggests the isolation of oleaginous yeast in order to be used in the edible oil production
A note on Microbiological and Biochemical Evaluation of ʻOmtiganiaʼ, a Sudanese Fermented Food Based on Peanut Seed Cake
Authors: Ali Siham Eltayeb Mohamed , Elkhalil Elhadi Ali Ibrahim
Published: April 2023

The objectives of this study aimed to evaluate the microbiological and biochemical changes during the fermentation of peanut                 (Arachis hypogaea) seed cake. The microflora during fermentation was dominated by a homo fermentative lactic acid bacterium (Streptococcus sp and lactobacillus sp) initially, the yeasts and mould and acetic acid bacteria were also present. The accumulation of acids led to the decline of the pH of the mixture from 5.7 to 3.6 on the seventh day of fermentation. Dried ʻOmtiganiaʼ possessed a crude protein content of 67 %. The microbiological analysis showed that the microbial population is mainly bacteria.
Pérdidas hemáticas en UCI: Breve estudio descriptivo
Authors: Ugalde C Diego , Rossel B Nicole , Lillo A Tamara , Gonzalez G Sedric , Gallegos M Luis
Published: April 2023

Background: Anaemia and transfusions are frequent in critically ill patients and there are avoidable causes such as routine laboratory tests. Patients and methods: Descriptive study during one continuous week including patients over 18-years old in a medical-surgical ICU. Results: 18 patients were included during a week in 12 beds in our unit, median age 62,5 years, 50% male. Median daily blood loss was 35ml, 45% in laboratory samples and 27% related to renal replacement therapy. 3 patients required 1 transfusion of red blood cells. Conclusions: There is a pattern of continuous blood loss in critically ill patients, primarily in routine laboratory tests.
Tratamientos de primera línea para pacientes estadio IV con adenocarcinoma pulmonar de mutación EGFR
Authors: Pohl V Emilio , Pozo U Sebastián , Poblete C Javiera , Muñoz M Agustín , Segura B Francis
Published: April 2023

Lung cancer is one of the leading causes of death in the world. Current treatments act directly on the signal transduction pathways in cancer cells, mainly. One of the main pathways is associated with the Epidermal Growth Factor (EGFR), whose mutations leads to uncontrolled cell proliferation and a higher rate of cell invasion. Activating mutations in the EGFR gene, which includes deletions in exon 19 and the L858R mutation in exon 21, were detected in most patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Studies of EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs) such as Gefitinib, Erlotinib and Afatinib, compared with platinum-based treatments, showed that EGFR-TKIs produce increased disease-free survival, although only in patients whose cancers harbor activating mutations in the EGFR gene. Clinical trials also demonstrated that EGFR-TKIs are effective as first-line therapies in stage IV pulmonary adenocarcinoma. Here,

the main aspects of the activation of the EGFR pathway in NSCLC will be reviewed, highlighting the importance for health professionals of correctly identifying activating mutations in the EGFR gene and acting quickly at the molecular level based on aforementioned treatments.
Características de los coronavirus, origen del SARS-CoV-2, características estructurales, proteínas y factores de virulencia, variantes genéticas
Authors: Isler I. Dayanne , Palma P. Valeria
Published: April 2023

Coronaviruses (CoVs) were identified in 1937, they were considered innocuous viruses until the

appearance of three highly pathogenic variants, SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 causing

the current pandemic of Covid-19, so far it is known that its origin is zoonotic, the main reservoir

could be bats considering the high homology of CoVs that inhabit this species. Its transmissibility

is much higher than that of previous CoVs, possibly in the process of natural selection; it has

acquired some or all the mutations necessary for a much more efficient transmission in our

species. This condition is specifically attributed to unique characteristics of the SARS-CoV-2

Spike protein that allow it greater affinity and therefore greater infectivity by binding to the

angiotensin receptor 2 (ACE-2) present in the host cells. Since the Covid-19 outbreak began at

the end of 2019, more than 1,500 mutations have been detected throughout the SARS-CoV-2

genome, however the most significant are those that occur near or in the receptor binding

domain (RBD) that could provide variations between 4x to 100x greater infectivity, such is the

case of the new variants identified in the United Kingdom, South Africa, Brazil and Japan that

force us to take extreme preventive measures and continue research to elucidate strategies to

combat the current crisis.
Patogenia de la infección por SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Faúndes G Nicolás , Genskowsky V Karen , Tordecilla F Rocío
Published: April 2023

Covid-19 is an infectious disease whose etiological agent called SARS-CoV-2. It has a high

contagion rate, high morbidity and mortality, and potential multi-organ compromise. Its main

route of infection is by droplets, however, the infection can be acquired by other routes such

as aerosols, fecal-oral and contact with fomites. Although the immune response is essential

for defense against any infection, in severe Covid-19 infection, a dysregulation of the immune

system occurs, which leads to marked increases of cytokines and the consequent systemic

inflammatory state. Inflammation, infection, and viral shedding can compromise the lungs,

blood vessels, brain, gastrointestinal (GI) tract, kidneys, heart, and liver, ultimately leading to

multiple organ dysfunction and failure.
Tumores de glándulas salivales: enfrentamiento diagnóstico inicial
Authors: González A Tomás , Fuenzalida M Lucas , Gac E Patricio , Rodríguez M Francisco , Cabané T Patricio , Rappoport W Daniel
Published: April 2023

It is described that salivary gland tumors account for up to 3-6% of head and neck tumors, 80% of these being located in the parotid gland. Broadly speaking, the smaller the gland, the greater the probability of malignancy. The most common clinical manifestation in tumor pathology is the appearance of a painless mass. Indicators of malignancy should be considered: chronic volume increase or rapid growth, facial paralysis, cranial nerve involvement, ulceration, and cervical lymphadenopathy. Ultrasonography should be the first imaging study, however, it provides limited information. MRI is the exam of choice for salivary gland tumors, whereas CT and PET-CT allow the study of local and remote invasion. FNA is controversial, it is not indicated for all patients, in parotid tumors a cytological examination is usually not necessary prior to surgery. Excisional biopsy is not recommended due to the risk of tumor seeding, neural damage, and salivary fistula. The goal of treatment in gland tumors is the removal of the glands, associated with lymph node dissection and adjuvant radiation therapy in indicated cases. The general practitioner must comprehensively address these pathologies to achieve a timely referral to the specialist.
miRNAs: una nueva mirada de la enfermedad de Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada
Authors: Vega T. Fabián , Elizalde A. Nathaly , Valenzuela B. Rodrigo A. , Urzua S. Cristhian A. , Cuitiño T. Loreto
Published: April 2023

Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease (VKH) is an autoimmune multisystemic syndrome that includes bilateral intraocular inflammation, associated with exudative retinal detachments, and systemic manifestations in the auditory, integumentary, and central nervous systems. The frequency of VKH disease in the world is variable, but in Santiago, Chile, it causes approximately 17% of non-infectious uveitis, an incidence 2 to 3-fold greater than in the USA or European countries. The evidence shows that the pathogenesis of VKH would be caused by cell-mediated autoimmunity directed against melanocytes present in the uveal tissue. CD4+ T lymphocytes (especially hyperactivity of Th17 and Th1 cells), B lymphocytes, cytokines (e.g., TGF-β, IL-2, IL-6, IL-23 and INF-γ) and chemokines appear to play an important role in the development of VKH. Several lines of evidence support that the pathogenesis of uveitis observed in VKH involves an altered pattern of micro-ribonucleic acids (miRNA) expression, driving the loss of immunological tolerance. In this review, we discuss the evidence related to regulation and altered expression of miRNA associated with Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada and other autoimmune diseases.
Neurofibromatosis tipo 1. Más allá de las manchas café con leche: ¿es necesario actualizar criterios?
Authors: Vera G Valentina , Jahr A Catalina , Vuskovic R Dinko , Aranibar D Ligia
Published: April 2023

Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) is the most common neurocutaneous syndrome. Diagnosis is based on clinical findings that meets the criteria developed by the NIH in 1997, which remain highly sensitive and specific in adults, but not in children, in which the manifestations vary with age. In children under 2 years in the pretumoral stage with a negative family history, it would be useful to have additional clinical diagnostic criteria. Genetic testing is not widely available and although café-au-lait spots remain the cardinal and most frequent clinical sign, they cannot make the diagnosis of NF-1 on their own.
Evaluación de gravedad en pacientes agudos
Authors: Medel F Juan Nicolás , Ugalde C Diego
Published: April 2023

Severity meaning the risk of adverse outcomes, death or disability, varies along disease’s characteristics and patient related factors. Its evaluation is complex and besides subjective perception several, more objective, clinical tools exist along with laboratory data that independently or used in combination, allows the clinician to approach severity of a given patient’s condition or a particular disease. We will review several aspects of the evaluation of severity, clinical and laboratory based in addition of some scoring systems, emphasizing perfusion and organ dysfunction evaluation as key elements to assess severity particularly in critical situations.
Enfrentamiento anestésico de paciente con picnodisostosis: a propósito de un caso
Authors: Gassmann P. Javiera , Russu C. Daniela
Published: April 2023

Pycnodysostosis is a rare autosomal recessive disease with osteoarticular manifestations of great relevance in anesthetic practice. People with this disease are more prone to fractures and craniofacial anomalies that anticipate a difficult-to-manage airway. We present the case of a 19-year-old woman with pycnodysostosis who underwent a reductive mammoplasty under general anesthesia.
Resultado test radiológico
Authors: De Grazia K. José
Published: April 2023

No abstract available
Role of Reference group Selection of Medical and Healthcare Services in India: A Cross Sectional Study of Indian Youth
Authors: DHYANI ARCHANA
Published: April 2023

The healthcare sector in India is vast and diverse, and healthcare-seeking behavior is influenced by a variety of factors, including demographic, socio-economic, and cultural factors. Reference groups, defined as individuals or groups that individuals use as a benchmark for their own behavior and beliefs, have been shown to be important in shaping healthcare behavior in other contexts. However, the role of reference groups in healthcare decision-making among Indian youth has not been extensively studied. Hence, the findings of the study have important implications for healthcare providers and policymakers in India. The study highlights the need for healthcare providers to understand the role of reference groups in shaping healthcare behavior and to develop strategies to effectively communicate with reference groups. Additionally, the study suggests that policymakers should consider the role of reference groups in healthcare decision-making when designing healthcare policies and interventions.
Challenges in Positioning and Penetration of a New Medicine in the Minds of The Physicians: An Opinion Survey of Medical Representatives
Authors: DOBHAL NIDHI
Published: April 2023

This study examines the challenges faced by medical representatives in positioning and penetrating a new medicine in the minds of physicians. A survey of medical representatives was conducted to explore the key challenges, which include competition from established brands, limited time with physicians, lack of physician awareness, and limited access to physicians. These challenges can hinder the successful introduction of new medicines in the market. Therefore, it is essential for pharmaceutical companies to develop effective marketing strategies to overcome these obstacles. The findings of this study can inform the development of such strategies, which can lead to successful positioning and penetration of new medicines in the market
RF over fiber system for 5G application
Authors: Rana Imarah , Yaakob Syamsuri
Published: April 2023

5G communications involve the transfer of several Gb/s information in their small cells. The main solutions for high-speed data transfers for this objective are millimeter-wave RF signals. It is difficult to produce these high-frequency RF signals on the electrical field, so more study is given to the photonic generation of these signals. In this study, the utilization of a dual-drive Mach – Zehnder Modulator (DD-MZM) illustrates a special optical millimeter-wave(MMW) generation. A new method for producing a local oscillator frequency quadrupling optical carrier suppression (OCS) MMW signal utilize two equivalent DD-MZMs based on this form is shown. Data flow on a Radio over Fiber (RoF) network for transmission and generation of a 2.5 Gbps downlink, at OSSR (Optical Sideband Suppression Ratio) of up to 32 dB is acquired by simulation. The Radio Frequency Spurious Suppression Ratio (RFSSRR) is 22 dB
Maxillofacial prosthesis’s effect on oral hygiene and oral health related quality of life of patients in a population of Pakistan
Authors: Riaz Hira , Ilyas Hira , Meer Ali Asmar , Gulzar Muhammad , Tahir Izah , Ahmed Asrar
Published: April 2023

Background and Aim: Dental malformations caused by surgical excision of oral cancerous tissues cause physical, functional and aesthetic problems. Congenital disorders or acquired factors are regarded as the major causes for maxillofacial defects. The purpose of the current investigation was to determine the effect of maxillofacial prosthesis on oral hygiene and oral health related life quality of life of patients in a population of Pakistan.  Materials and Methods: This prospective study was conducted on 28 maxillofacial defects’ bearing patients investigated in the Department of Dentistry at a Tertiary Care Hospital in Lahore, Pakistan from January 2021 to December 2022. Hearing as well as visually impaired and edentulous patients were excluded from the study. Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP) was used for the assessment of Oral Health related Quality of Life (OHR QoL). The OHR-QoL was assessed by a self-administered questionnaire. “Functional limitation (9 items)”, “Physical pain (9 items)”, “Psychological discomfort (5 items)”, “Physical disability (9 items)”, “Psychological disability (6 items)”, “Social disability (5 items)”, and “Handicap (6 items)” were 7 subscales of OHR-QoL recorded in each questionnaire and a greater OHR-QoL impairment was an indicative of a higher overall OHIP score.
Frequency of cardiac events in patients admitted with dengue fever at Kuwait Teaching Hospital Peshawar
Authors: Rauf Muhammad Abdur , Raza Sarmad , Safi Shoaib Iqbal , Arafat Yasir , Khan Jehandad , Khan Noman
Published: April 2023

Objectives: To determine the frequency of various cardiac events in patients admitted with dengue fever at Kuwait Teaching Hospital, Peshawar. Materials and methods: NS1 viral antigen detection method was used for serologic confirmation of dengue virus infection. All patients provided their informed permission before being assigned to a sample or having their data used in study. The researcher took the history and confirmed the presence of risk factors like hypertension and diabetes and along with that ECG and echocardiographic evaluation of all the patients at the time of admission and discharge were recorded. Results: Electrocardiographic assessment revealed that 91 (58%) patients had normal ECG, 04 (2.52%) had broad QRS complexes, 09 (5.73%) had diffuse T-wave inversions, 02 (1.27%) had low-voltage QRS complexes and 12 (7.64%) patients had non-specific ST segment changes while sinus bradycardia was documented in 09 (5.73%) patients, sinus tachycardia in 24 (15.28%) and atrial fibrillation in 06 (3.82%) patients. Echocardiographic evaluation showed that all the 157 (100%) patients had normal left ventricular ejection fraction, 05 (3.18%) had left ventricular diastolic dysfunction and only 04 (2.55%) developed pericardial effusion while neither of the patient had global hypokinesia or any new valvular lesions.
Begomovirus: Exploiting the Host Machinery for Their Survival
Authors: Pandey Vineeta , Srivastava Aarshi , Shahmohammadi Niayesh , Nehra Chitra , Gaur Rajarshi Kumar , Golnaraghi Alireza
Published: April 2023

Begomoviruses are the most prevalent plant-infecting virus genus, identified by a circular single-stranded DNA genome. The proteins encoded by these viruses are multifunctional and effectively modulate the host's cellular response during infection. Begomovirus-host interactions alter host gene expression patterns, redirect signaling pathways, disturb protein degradation pathways, and reprogram cellular metabolism to establish a successful infection. This review summarises known studies about the genome organisation of begomoviruses and altered cellular processes during infection at a molecular level. In addition, we emphasise proteins involved in intercellular trafficking of the viral genome for systemic infection and counteracting host small interfering RNA silencing and discuss different approaches for virus management based on the virus’s offensive and the host’s defensive strategies.
Uso de talidomida no manejo de prurigo nodular
Authors: Leite Sarah de Maciel , Scaramussa Leticia Polezuk , Nunes Maria Eduarda Fernandes , Viana Antonio Victor dos Anjos , Lora-Barraza Leonardo
Published: April 2023

O prurigo nodular corresponde a uma doença dermatológica crônica com características clássicas. Sua fisiopatologia ainda não foi totalmente esclarecida pela literatura atual, contudo, está invariavelmente associada a uma alteração de densidade nervosa de nervos periféricos e a um processo inflamatório crônico. Na abordagem de um paciente com provável diagnóstico dessa patologia, será preciso descartar condições que estão ligadas ao aparecimento dela. Apesar da terapia com corticosteróides ser a primeira linha de tratamento, é preciso ter cautela no seu uso devido a possibilidade de supressão do eixo hipofisário-adrenal. Devido a isso, deve-se sempre tentar associar medicações poupadoras de corticóide, como a Talidomida. Neste estudo foi demonstrado o caso de um paciente acometido por essa enfermidade e que foi candidato ao uso da Talidomida, se beneficiando desta linha terapêutica.
O impacto dos fatores biopsicossociais no desenvolvimento do transtorno por abuso de substâncias em adolescentes
Authors: Ferreira Gabrielle Izadora , Barros Gabrielle Araujo , Sobreiro Júlia Lima , Gonçalves Layla Francisconi , Matos Mariana , Mattos Sofia
Published: April 2023

A adolescência é um período delicado na vida do ser humano, devido às diversas mudanças biológicas, psíquicas e comportamentais que ocorrem neste momento. Estas mudanças tornam os jovens dentro dessa faixa etária mais suscetíveis à exposição e ao consumo excessivo de substâncias psicoativas. Nos últimos anos o número de casos de Transtorno por Abuso de Substâncias entre adolescentes teve um aumento significativo. Objetivos: O presente trabalho pretende analisar a influência dos fatores biopsicossociais no desenvolvimento do transtorno por abuso de substância entre adolescentes e estabelecer seu perfil epidemiológico. Tem, ainda, o objetivo de descrever a relação entre a vulnerabilidade social e o uso de substâncias psicoativas na adolescência, bem como identificar as bases para o tratamento dessa condição e como torná-las viáveis. Metodologia: Foi realizada uma revisão de integrativa por meio da busca de estudos nas principais bases de dados, livros referência em saúde mental e textos de instituições governamentais. Resultados e Discussão: Tornou-se evidente que os fatores biopsicossociais estão intrinsecamente associados à exposição às substâncias psicoativas, assim como ao desenvolvimento do Transtorno por Abuso de Substâncias. Estes fatores também se relacionam com o prejuízo e o déficit cognitivo provocado pelo consumo de tais drogas. Tais resultados reforçam a importância do desenvolvimento de políticas públicas com maior enfoque no tratamento e na reabilitação das pessoas portadoras desse transtorno, assim como a importância do trabalho da equipe multidisciplinar e rede de apoio.
The Role of Big Data Analytics in IoT-enabled Green Supply Chain Management: Architecture, challenges, and future perspectives
Authors:   Department of Decision Support, Faculty of Computers and Informatics, Zagazig University, 44519, Zagazig, Saleh Wafaa A. ,   Computers and Systems Department, Electronics Research Institute, Cairo 11843, Egypt,   Department of Decision Support, Faculty of Computers and Informatics, Zagazig University, 44519, Zagazig,   Department of Decision Support, Faculty of Computers and Informatics, Zagazig University, 44519, Zagazig, Abdelkader Sherine M. , Rashad Heba , Abdelgawad Amal
Published: April 2023

The integration of the Internet of Things (IoT) and Big Data Analytics (BDA) has brought about a revolution in Green Supply Chain Management (GSCM). In particular, it has enabled the optimization of many aspects of the supply chain (SC), including transportation, inventory management, and customer service. The application of BDA in IoT-enabled GSCM is receiving a lot of attention because it has the capacity to assist businesses become more cost-effective and environmentally sustainable to make more informed decisions. By identifying the inefficiencies in the supply chain and take corrective action. With the advent of the IoT, businesses are now able to get a great deal of information from sensors that are installed in different parts of their SC, including transportation vehicles, warehouses, and factories. This data can be leveraged for a variety of purposes, including optimizing the SC for sustainability and reducing its environmental impact. There are also challenges associated with BDA in IoT-enabled GSCM. The volume of data that needs to be processed presents the biggest obstacles. This requires specialized tools and expertise in data management and analytics. Despite these difficulties, technology has the power to completely alter how firms conduct their operations. This paper presents an overview about BDA in IoT-enabled GSCM. The review highlights the benefits and challenges in adopting BDA in IoT-enabled GSCM, the key technologies involved, and the various applications of BDA in IoT-GSCM. Finally, provides insights into the future directions of research in this area.
Rational Design and Preparation of Core-Shell Nanomaterials to Boost their Catalytic Performance
Authors: Chen Xuli , Huang Hongwen
Published: April 2023

From the morphological point of view, catalysts can be classified into zero-dimensional (nanoparticle or quantum dot), one-dimensional (nanowire), two-dimensional (nanosheet), three-dimensional, and a combination of them. Among the varieties of morphology, core-shell structural catalysts with three-dimensional configuration stand out due to their unique construction and rich forms of interaction between the core and the shell, as well as their abundant ways of interaction with the catalytic intermediates. Constructing high-performance core-shell structural catalysts relies on the comprehensive understanding of the catalytic process and precise control over the catalyst structure. Here in this review, we attempt to sort out common synthetic methods for catalysts with core-shell structures from basic techniques to complex multiple processes. We will analyze how the core-shell configuration affects the catalytic performance from the microscopic to mesoscopic scales. We would resolve the structure-property relationship from the aspects of activity, selectivity, and durability, respectively. Finally, we would end this review with perspectives on the future development of core-shell catalysts.
Women’s Social Enterprise Organizational Performance Analysis: A Road to Sustainability
Authors: Yahya Andi Fauziah , Fitriyani Fitriyani
Published: April 2023

With a high sense of empathy and sociality, women tend to engage in social entrepreneurship or participate in social activities to pursue not only profit but also social impact. In addition, social entrepreneurship has been believed to be able to address social problems and be the best way to build economic resilience and independence in societies. Through extensive research, social enterprises have proven to be providers of solutions to social problems. Therefore, ensuring the success and sustainability of social enterprises is a major challenge for female entrepreneurs. The aim of this study is to identify the current conditions of social entrepreneurship and the challenges they face to ensure their sustainability from a comprehensive management perspective. The research applies a qualitative research approach with several case study designs. Data obtained through observations and semistructured interviews with four CEOs and ten employees was processed and analyzed using McKinsey’s 7S model approach to determine the company’s current organizational performance. Performance analysis using McKinsey 7S Models at KWN Fatimah Az-Zahrah, Celebes Mushroom Farms, Café Tulus, and Café Mella House of Donuts has provided an illustration of their current condition and found that the three elements are not aligned with each other, mainly the elements strategy, system, and skills, and the two elements have gaps in the system and skills. These unbalanced elements and gaps will hinder these companies from achieving efficient performance and sustainability.