bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Astabrata and Educational Values In Wayang Script “Anoman Duta” By Ki.Ng. Edi Sulistyono
Authors: Wilaksito Condro , Suhita Raheni , Rahmat Rahmat
Published: April 2024

Literary works have many varieties and types. One of the well-known literary works is wayang script. The purpose of this study is to identify the philosophy of Astabrata and the value of character education in the "Anoman Duta" Puppet Manuscript by Ki.Ng. Edi Sulisyono. Research conducted in the form of qualitative research. The data obtained comes from the prologue, dialogue, and character behavior. Sources of data in this study came from interviews with literature experts, teachers, and students. The sampling technique used is a purposive sampling technique. Collecting data using document analysis and interviews. The validity test technique uses theory triangulation and data sources. The research results obtained are: (1) Astabrata includes the properties of the sun, moon, stars, earth, fire, wind, sky and ocean. The most dominant trait is the Sky and Ocean trait; (2) Values of character education include religious attitude, honesty, tolerance, discipline, hard work, creative, independent, democratic, curiosity, national spirit, love of the motherland, respect for achievement, friendly/communicative, love peace, love to read, care environment, social care, and responsibility. The most dominant attitude is religious attitude. The results of this study are aspects of astabrata philosophy and educational values that can be used as a guide in everyday life to become a better person.
Türkiye'de Finansal Gelişme Gelir Eşitsizliğini Nasıl Etkilemektedir?
Authors: Akalin Güray , Erdoğan Sinan , Pata Uğur Korkut
Published: April 2024

Finansal piyasaların düzenlenmesi, finansal kurumlara erişimin artması ve gelir eşitsizliğinin azaltılması Sürdürülebilir Kalkınma Hedefleri arasında yer almaktadır (Hedef 10). Buna karşın finansal gelişme-gelir eşitsizliği ilişkisine dair literatürün oldukça sınırlı ve fikir birliğinden de yoksun olduğu görülmektedir. Oysa bu iki değişken arasında çatışma mı yoksa uyum mu olduğunun açıklığa kavuşturulması, etkin politikalar geliştirmek adına son derece önemlidir. Bu nedenle gerçekleştirilen bu çalışmanın amacı, Türkiye’de 1988-2020 yılları arasında finansal gelişmenin gelir eşitsizliğini nasıl etkilediğini ampirik olarak ortaya koymaktır. ARDL sınır testi bulguları şunlardır: i) Değişkenler arasında uzun dönemli ve istikrarlı bir ilişki bulunmaktadır. ii) Finansal gelişme, enflasyon ve kişi başına gelirdeki artışlar gelir eşitsizliğini arttırmaktadır. iii) Uzun dönem dengeden sapmalar 4 dönem içerisinde kendiliğinden düzelmektedir. Bu nedenle ekonomik büyüme ve finansal gelişme teşvik edilirken gelir eşitsizliğini arttırıcı etkilerini ortadan kaldırmaya ve enflasyonu düşürmeye yönelik politikalar tasarlanmalıdır.
Şirket Değerlemesinde Makine Öğrenmesi Algoritmalarının Kullanımına Yönelik Bir Uygulama: Holding Şirketleri Örneği
Authors: Şeyranlıoğlu Onur , Karavardar Alper
Published: April 2024

Bu araştırmanın amacı, şirket değerini etkileyen unsurların tespit edilmesi, bu unsurlardan hareketle finansal oranlar/veriler kullanılarak Türkiye’de Borsa İstanbul Yatırım ve Holding Endeksi’nde (BİST XHOLD) işlem gören holding şirketlerinin şirket değerlerini tahmin etme aracı olarak makine öğrenimi algoritmalarından Yapay Sinir Ağları (YSA), Destek Vektör Makineleri (DVM), Karar Ağaçları (KA) ve Rastgele Orman (RO) ile uygulanabilirliğini ortaya koymaktır. Belirtilen algoritmalar ile dört adet model kurulmuş ve bu modellerin tahmin gücü sınanmıştır. Bulgulara göre piyasa değerini R2, MAE ve RMSE ölçütleri baz alınarak YSA algoritmasının daha güçlü tahmin ürettiği görülmüştür. Bu araştırma ile şirket değerinin tahminine ve gelecek fiyatların öngörüsüne yönelik literatür incelenmiş, finansal oranlar/verileri içeren bütüncül bir yapı ortaya koyularak, yatırımcılara ve analistlere hisse senedi yatırımlarında ve şirket değerleme süreçlerinde makine öğrenimi algoritmaları ile geleneksel değerleme yaklaşımlarına kıyasla farklı bir bakış açısı sunulmuştur.
The Role of Structural Reforms on the Price and Financial Stability: Evidence from a Multi-Country PSTR Model
Authors: Kaya Vedat , Yalçınkaya Ömer , Akkaş Erhan
Published: April 2024

This paper examines the effects of structural reforms on price and financial stability through the Panel Smooth Transition Regression model for 84 developed and developing countries in the period 2002-2018. Therefore, this paper aims to determine whether it is a matter of the impact of structural reforms in the real sectors on price stability; and in financial sectors on financial stability in the sampled countries, when output is given in the PSRT models. The results show that structural reforms have a significant impact on the price and financial stability, although the regimes shaped by the value of output gap threshold, differ in the sampled countries. These results present that structural reforms can help to improve the price and financial stability to the extent that they can eliminate supply-demand imbalances, prevent systemic risks and positively affect a deterioration in expectations by supporting new monetary policy designs.
The Effects of Early Republican Period Political System on Democracy in Türkiye in the Context of Elite Power and Political Culture in Contemporary Political Sociology
Authors: Nebati Nureddin
Published: April 2024

The issue of elitist power, one of the important issues of political sociology, is based on a dual form of power in which a minority that considers itself privileged manages, decides, and manipulates large masses because they are "not mature enough politically". This distinction also emerges in differentiating the norms that make up the political culture between the elites and the masses. The elitist tendencies that have left their mark on the political life of Türkiye since the Ottoman modernization experienced its historical peak in the single-party period. According to T. H Marshall's category of citizenship processes, in the early republican period, rights were formed mostly at the economic level, and there was an ongoing historical struggle to reverse the teaching of the elitist center over political power for the development of civil and political rights that constitute the mature mechanisms of citizenship. Since the 1980s, concepts such as demilitarization, identity, belonging, and citizenship rights have historically increased at global and national levels. The period between 1980-2000 created a fertile climate even though it progressed with breaks and returns regarding civil society and citizenship concepts. However, a process emerged where economic models and economic development did not progress in coordination with this breakthrough, the function of the state to protect social welfare was eroded, and thus democracy was blocked. However, after the 2000s, a political climate was created in which economic stability was established, welfare policies were strengthened, identity policies made a breakthrough besides social rights, and inclusive citizenship was established in which elitist politics were eliminated and demilitarization increased.
Tensión compresiva en tres tipos de líneas de terminación con coronas de disilicato de litio en dientes permanentes: análisis de elemento finito
Authors: Yanapa Márquez Joshua , Chávez-Méndez Martín Andrés
Published: April 2024

Introduction: In oral rehabilitation, the use of ceramic restorations is widely accepted due to its aesthetic capacity to mimic the naturalness of the dental tissue, provide longevity of the material, and present a greater marginal fit compared to crowns with a metal structure. Termination lines are biological preparations whose function is to minimize the cervical opening of the marginal seal. Consequently, analyzing the behavior of restorative materials under compressive forces decreases the risk of fracture and increases the success of the treatment. Objective: To compare the compressive stresses of lithium disilicate crowns with three different finishing lines. Methodology: In silico study of the simulation of a dental preparation on a lower right first molar with chamfer (0.6 mm), shoulder (0.5 mm) and deep chamfer (0.5 mm) finish lines. Using the SolidWorks®️ version 2017 software, the maximum stresses, minimum stresses, and location of the compressive force were collected on the Megapascal (Mpa) measurement scale. Results: The chamfer type termination line (0.6mm) obtained a lower compressive stress compared to the other two shoulder type termination lines (0.5mm) and deep chamfer (0.5mm). Conclusions: It was shown that the chamfer type finishing line (0.6mm) presented a better force distribution, determining greater reliability in the selection of this finishing line with the use of a lithium disilicate crown in a unitary manner.
Artrografía mediante resonancia magnética con solución fisiológica en el diagnóstico de la perforación del disco de la articulación temporomandibular. Reporte de caso
Authors: Gómez Marcos , Rodríguez Brigitte , Hernández-Andara Adalsa , Ortega-Pertuz Ana I.
Published: April 2024

Partial or total perforation of the articular disc is mainly observed in the final stage of temporomandibular disorder. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is considered the gold standard for the diagnosis of joint pathologies; MRI arthrography consists of the infiltration of a contrast medium into a joint, being Gadolinium chelates the most employed medium, however, possible harmful effects have been associated with its use. The aim of this work was to evaluate a case of perforation of the articular disc of the temporomandibular joint by MRI arthrography using physiological solution (NaCl 0.9%) as contrast medium. MR images were obtained with a STIR (Short Tau Inversion Recovery) weighted pulse sequence in the sagittal and coronal planes at maximum mouth opening, after the injection of the physiological solution in the superior articular space. The communication of both articular spaces was identified, observing a greater filling in the inferior articular space, as well as the latero-medial displacement of the disc segments. Arthrography with physiological solution allowed the precise diagnosis of the perforation, which made it possible to guide the treatment plan, reducing diagnostic and surgical times, also considering the reduction of complications and adverse effects related to other contrast media, added to the benefit of the reduction of the cost of the exam.
Oxfam in Gender Emergencies Standards 2022-25
Authors: Skakun Zorica , Dietrich Luisa
Published: April 2024

Oxfam’s 2022 Gender in Emergencies (GiE) Standards are the key internal tool by which the charity sets out to realise its gender-specific humanitarian ambition in alignment with the 2022–25 GiE Strategy. The GiE Standards cover seven focus areas or ‘building blocks’ where Oxfam’s action needs to be enhanced to allow all actors involved in the work to achieve Oxfam’s humanitarian vision and goals. In this paper, each building block is further translated into a set of standards that Oxfam and partners aspire to during emergencies. The Standards are meant to unleash the potential for quality performance, while underpinning Oxfam’s determination for greater impact.
Climate Plans for the People: Civil society and community participation in national action plans on climate change
Authors: Pruett Duncan , Hill Christina
Published: April 2024

In 2024, all countries will be updating and submitting their Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs). These national climate plans outline commitments towards tackling climate change. These plans impact all walks of life and must therefore be inclusive of the whole of society. By examining recent practices across 11 countries, Oxfam found that NDCs were not sufficiently inclusive, often failing to involve civil society and communities who bear the burden of climate change and the impact of climate transition plans. This paper explores who the main actors are in NDCs, which stakeholders have not been included, and why. In order to foster a sustainable, equitable, and inclusive social, economic, and political environment for climate action, the paper makes recommendations for the UN, governments, donors, international agencies and civil society.
Association between aqueous humor MMP-3 levels and varicella zoster virus-induced acute retinal necrosis
Authors: Wang Zhujian , liu yu , Zhou Min , Lei Boya , Wang Zhujian , Qing Chang
Published: April 2024

Objective This study aims to investigate the correlation between matrix metalloproteinase-3 (MMP-3) levels in the aqueous humor and the development of varicella-zoster virus-induced acute retinal necrosis (ARN).
Methods Twenty eyes in 20 patients diagnosed with ARN were enrolled, with all the medical records retrospectively reviewed. Aqueous humor samples were collected before the initial antiviral treatments, and MMP-3 levels were quan­tified using immunoturbidimetry. Controls consisted of fifteen eyes from age-related cataract (ARC) patients. Correla­tions between aqueous humor MMP-3 levels and ophthalmic examination results were analyzed using Spearman's cor­relation test.
Results MMP-3 were significantly higher in the aqueous humor of ARN patients compared to the controls. (P<0.001). The following correlations for aqueous humor MMP-3 levels were observed: A low negative correlation with BCVA was observed (r=-0.447, P=0.0483). A moderate positive correlation was found with the percentage of active retinal necrosis area (r=0.773, P=0.0001). A moderate negative correlation was identified with vitreous haze (r= -0.642, P= 0.0023). No significant correlation was found between MMP-3 levels and intraocular pressure or disease duration (P>0.05). The risk of retinal detachment (RD) was predicted by high MMP-3 levels (HR=4.473; 95% CI, 1.143-17.50; P=0.0314).
Conclusion It is suggested by our findings that MMP-3 may play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of ARN, and the detection of aqueous humor MMP-3 is deemed to hold clinical value for both the treatment and prognosis of ARN.
Education and Music Intervention to Reduce Anxiety: feasibility, potential efficacy and patient satisfaction in a pilot study
Authors: Batista Letícia de Carvalho , de Oliveira Milena Santos , Reis Juliana Paulucci , de Almeida Youri Eliphas , Fonseca Rafael de Jesus , Salvetti Marina de Góes , Butcher Rita de Cássia Gengo e Silva
Published: April 2024

Background
People undergoing cardiac catheterization experience anxiety. Musical and educational interventions have been tested separately and have been shown to reduce anxiety in this patient profile. This pilot study aimed to assess the feasibility and potential effectiveness of a complex intervention called Education and Music Intervention to Reduce Anxiety (EMIRA), in addition to participant credibility, expectations and satisfaction.
Methods
This is a randomized, blind, pilot clinical trial, carried out in an emergency department specializing in cardiology. Feasibility was assessed according to recruitment, retention, attrition and recruitment time rates. The potential for efficacy was assessed through the effect of EMIRA on state anxiety, blood pressure, heart rate, respiratory rate and chest pain intensity, comparing the intervention group (IG) and control group (CG) before (T1), immediately after (T2) and two to four hours after (T3) the intervention. To estimate participant satisfaction with the intervention, a visual numerical scale was used. Participant credibility and expectations regarding EMIRA were determined using a previously validated instrument. The significance level adopted was 5%.
Results
A total of 47 potential participants were approached over a period of 54 days. Recruitment, retention, and attrition rates were, respectively, 93.6%, 90.9%, and 10%. No participant withdrew from continuing in the study after recruitment. No significant difference was observed between CG and IG in relation to the analyzed outcomes. The mean score for satisfaction, credibility and expectations were high. There was a negative correlation between satisfaction and the difference in SBP between T1 and T2.
Conclusions
EMIRA is a complex intervention with an educational and musical component. The results suggest that a larger-scale clinical trial is feasible, participants were satisfied and had positive attitudes towards the intervention. However, EMIRA did not promote a significant change in the outcomes analyzed.
Trial registration
RBR-857nczs
Effects of ephedrine and phenylephrine on the Analgesia Nociception Index (ANI) and Nociception Level (NOL)
Authors: Kuroki Masahiro , Onodera Yu , Okada Masayuki , Nakane Masaki
Published: April 2024

Purpose: Nociceptive monitor values is thought to be influenced by vasopressors; however, no study has investigated this in detail. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effect of vasopressors on nociceptive monitors using Analgesia Nociception Index (ANI) and Nociception Level (NOL).
Methods: This prospective observational study was conducted between February and April, 2023. Data were obtained during anesthesia induction only to exclude surgical invasion. Blood pressure, heart rate, ANI, and NOL were measured 5 min after ephedrine or phenylephrine administration during hypotension. Low ANI and high NOL values indicate severe pain. Statistical analyses were performed on the values before and after vasopressor administration for each parameter.
Results: Twelve patients (male, 10; female, 2) with a mean age of 71.3 ± 6.7 years were included. ANI and NOL, before versus after ephedrine administration were 76.3 ± 11.8 versus 33.6 ± 8.1 (p < 0.001) and 2.1 ± 1.5 versus 27.6 ± 10.5 (p < 0.001), respectively. ANI and NOL, before versus after phenylephrine administration were 75.7 ± 9.2 versus 53.0 ± 15.3 (p = 0.010) and 4.0 ± 3.5 versus 21.5 ± 4.3 (p < 0.001), respectively. The mean time beyond the pain threshold (ANI < 50 and NOL > 25) for ephedrine and phenylephrine was 58.0 s and 21.0 s for ANI, and 29.3 s and 1.0 s for NOL, respectively.
Conclusion: The use of vasopressors, albeit a short time, significantly altered the nociceptive monitor values, and in some cases, exceeded the values considered to be the threshold for pain.
Salivary analysis to unveil the paradigma of stress of domestic horses reared in the wild
Authors: Bazzano Marilena , Marchegiani Andrea , Gualana Francesca La , Petriti Begi , Spaterna Andrea , Laus Fulvio
Published: April 2024

Horse welfare is the product of multiple factors, including behavioral and physiological adjustments to cope with stressful situation regarding environment and housing condition. Collectively, it is supposed that a horse kept in the wild has a lower level of stress than other housing system, and the aim of the present study was to investigate the level of stress in domestic horses reared in the wild and then moved to human controlled housing, through saliva analysis. Twelve clinically healthy Catria (Italian local breed) mares, usually reared in the wild, were moved into collective paddocks for a folkloric event. Saliva samples were obtained before and after the change of housing condition to evaluate stress biomarkers including salivary cortisol, salivary alpha-amylase, and butyrylcholinesterase. The mares were also scored using the Welfare Aggregation and Guidance (WAG) Tool to highlight the presence of abnormal behaviors. Despite the absence of differences in behavioral scores between wild and paddocks, salivary cortisol and butyrylcholinesterase were found to be overexpressed in the wild and statistically decreased when mares were moved to paddocks. The highest concentrations in stress biomarkers like salivary cortisol and butyrylcholinesterase in the wild was unexpected, but the need for managing hierarchical relationships, and the exposure to feral animals, predators, and weather changes, might explain these findings. The overall results of the present study may provide further knowledge toward stress response in domesticated horses living in the wild moved to human controlled housing system.
Management and Outcomes in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension Patients with Sepsis
Authors: Flynn Spencer , Chen Haidee , Kerbel Russell , Gupta Summer , Jasuja Sonia , Saggar Rajan , Channick Richard , Sherman Alexander
Published: April 2024

INTRODUCTION: Sepsis is a common cause of death in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). Treatment requires careful fluid management and hemodynamic support. This study compares patients with or without PAH presenting with sepsis with a focus on initial fluid resuscitation.
METHODS: This retrospective analysis compared adults with and without PAH admitted for sepsis at two academic hospitals between 2013-2022. Prior PAH diagnosis was verified by review of right heart catheterization data and sepsis present on admission was verified by chart review. Demographics, vital signs, laboratory values, imaging results, treatment approaches, and all-cause mortality data were obtained. Controls were propensity score weighted by age, sex, and Charlson Comorbidity index. Logistic regression models controlling for age and Charlson comorbidity indices were used to examine factors associated with survival.
RESULTS: Thirty patients admitted for sepsis with pre-existing PAH were compared to 96 matched controls. Controls received significantly more fluids at 24 hours compared to PAH patients (mean 1503 mL v. 406 mL, p<0.001), while PAH patients were more likely to receive vasoactive medications (23.3% vs. 8.3%, p=0.037). At 30 days, 7 PAH patients (23.3%) and 13 control patients (13.5%) had died (p=0.376). PAH patients that received more fluids had decreased mortality (OR 0.93, 95% CI 0.84-0.98, p=0.03) and patients who received fluids had shorter mean time to antibiotics (2.3 hours v. 6.5 hours, p=0.04), although decreased time to antibiotics was not associated with mortality. Patients who received no fluids more often had previously identified right ventricular systolic dysfunction (62.5% v. 28.6%, p=0.136).
CONCLUSION: Patients with PAH and sepsis have high mortality and receive different treatments than controls, with more reliance on vasopressors and less on fluid resuscitation. PAH patients who received less fluids had higher mortality and those who received no fluids had a longer time to receiving antibiotics, indicating a potential delay in recognizing sepsis. Timely recognition of sepsis and dynamic decision-making around fluid resuscitation remains critical in this high-risk population.
Diagnostic performance of a new algorithm combining simple, non invasive and inexpensive tests for predicting the presence of liver severe fibrosis and cirrhosis in patients with chronic hepatitis b
Authors: Nana Jean , Bosson Jean Luc , Skaare Kristina , Vermorel Céline , Leroy Vincent , Asselah Tarik , Adler Michael , Zarski Jean-Pierre
Published: April 2024

Background
Various non-invasive methods for scoring fibrosis have been developed to overcome the limitations of liver biopsy. These technics have been not fully validated for the assessment of liver fibrosis in chronic hepatitis B. The objective of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of new combining simple, non-invasive and inexpensive tests in terms of predicting liver severe fibrosis and cirrhosis in patients with chronic hepatitis B.
Methods
There is a prospective cross-sectional study conducted on 408 consecutive patients from 3 centers who benefited from a liver biopsy for chronic hepatitis B. Using our cohort, we derived a decision tree, with a cost matrix penalizing type II error, predicting patients in stages F0-F1, F2 or F3-F4. The final decision contains nine leafs using the following variables: prothrombin time, platelets, ALT, GGT and age.
Results
408 patients in training set were used to create a “decision tree algorithm”. Our “decision three algorithm” classified patients in F0-F1, F2 or F3-F4. Considering F0-F1 and F2 as negative test result, specificity was 97.6% and negative predictive value was 88.3%.
Conclusion
A new algorithm combining simple, non-invasive and inexpensive test has a better diagnostic value than usual scores in predicting fibrosis in patients with chronic hepatitis B.
Study Design and Rationale of the ECMC-GART Phase 3 Clinical Study: Early-Stage Endometrial Cancer Based on Molecular Classification and Traditional Risk Stratification to Guide Adjuvant Radiotherapy Decisions
Authors: ren kang , Wang Wenhui , Liu Xiaoliang , Sun Shuai , Hu Ke , Zhang Fuquan , Qiu Jie , Yang Bo , Hou Xiaorong
Published: April 2024

Background: Endometrial cancer (EC) represents a prevalent malignancy amongst women on a global scale, with adjuvant therapy strategy remaining inconsistent and controversial. Identifying subtypes integrated with molecular characteristics improves the understanding of cancer biology and consequently helps physicians make personalized therapeutic decision-making. Presented herewith is a study protocol detailing a phase III trial poised to integrate molecular profiling with traditional parameters for the stratification of early-stage EC. The ECMC-GART aims to compare the survival outcomes of integrated molecular classification with the conventional stratification system to provide evidence for further decision-making.
Methods: The ECMC-GART trial is a randomized, national multicenter, Phase III, open-labeled, non-inferiority clinical study (Clinical trial registration: NCT05524389). The hypothesis is that adjuvant radiotherapy decision for early-stage endometrial cancer, which is based on molecular classification, can achieve de-escalation of adjuvant treatment without reducing local tumor control and survival, potentially further reducing radiotherapy-related toxicity and improving quality of life, compared to conventional risk stratification. The enrolled early-staged EC patients (FIGO stage I-II) will be randomized 2:1 into the experimental arm (molecular-clinicopathological classification-based treatment) and the control arm (conventional risk stratification-based treatment). The primary endpoint is the 3-year local recurrence rate. The secondary outcomes include failure-free survival, overall survival, de-escalation rate of treatment, acute and late toxicities, and Health-related cancer-specific quality of life (QLQC-30). The ECMC-GART is intended to enroll 624 EC patients to achieve the purpose of non-inferiority design ultimately.
Discussion: The ECMC-GART will determine whether the molecular classification-based treatment is not inferior to the treatment based 15on previous conventional risk stratification, potentially allowing for de-escalation and individualized treatment recommendations.
Trial registration: ClinicalTrails.gov, NCT05524389. Registered 23 November 2022, https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05524389
Vortex-like vs. turbulent mixing of a Viscum album preparation affects crystalline structures formed in dried droplets
Authors: Kokornaczyk Maria Olga , Acuña Carlos ,   Alfonso Mier y Terán3, Castelan Mario , Baumgartner Stephan
Published: April 2024

The droplet evaporation method could provide a fairly inexpensive tool for testing the effects of flow in liquids as an alternative to the methods used today.
production of microparticles and microbubbles.
We applied turbulent mixing vs. laminar flow induced by a vortex vs. diffusion based mixing during the production of Viscum album quercus L. 10-3 following the guidelines for manufacturing homeopathic preparations. The so obtained differently mixed variants of the preparation were analyzed by means of the droplet evaporation method. The crystalline structures formed in dried droplets were photographed and analyzed by means of a computer supported image analysis and deep-learning.
Computer supported evaluation and deep-learning reveled that the patterns of turbulent succussed variant are characterized by smaller complexity, whereas those obtained from the vortex mixed sample by greater complexity vs. the diffusion-based mixed control variant.
Enhancing the Security of Botnet Attacks Detection Using Parallel Gradient Descent Optimized Four Layered Network (PGDOFLN)
Authors: Maheswari Uma , Perumal K
Published: April 2024

Internet of Things (IoT) gadget proliferation has resulted in unprecedented connectedness as well as simplicity, but it has raised serious security concerns. Botnet attacks can threaten the security, integrity and accessibility of critical data and services and IoT networks are susceptible to them. To increase the security to identify botnet attacks in IoT networks, this study suggests a model based on a Parallel Gradient Descent Optimized Four Layered Network (PGDOFLN).We gathered the CICIDS2017 dataset from Kaggle, which is used to train and assess the proposed model. Using a robust scalar to handle missing values allows for the normalization of data, the t-distributed stochastic neighbor embedding (t-SNE) technique is utilized for extracting the feature and the LASSO method is used for feature selection. This study on attack detection is based on PGDOFLN and uses a Python program. The simulated results showed that the suggested method outperforms existing methods with an accuracy (0.95), recall (0.95), precision (1.00), and f1 score (0.97). This study supports continuing attempts to protect IoT networks and safeguard private information, vital infrastructure, and sensitive data.
Perceived Threat from Minorities Decreases with Increased Societal Threat: Evidence from the 2021 Military Coup in Myanmar
Authors: Vandermeulen Daan , Endevelt Kinneret , Goldenberg Amit , Halperin Eran
Published: April 2024

Societies are often comprised of majority group members who feel threatened by minorities which, in return, are denied equal rights. How do perceived societal threats, that impact both majorities and minorities, influence perceived minority threat and the support for their rights? We utilized the February 2021 Myanmar coup – which has been perceived as threatening by most majority and minority citizens – to examine this question in a three-wave cross-sectional survey. One wave was conducted before the coup. The second (immediately after) and third (one year after) were aimed to understand short and long-term changes in perceived minority threat following the coup. Perceived minority threat decreased after the coup with increased perceived societal threat (wave 2) and increased back again when perceived societal threat diminished (wave 3). Perceived minority threat was also associated with higher support for minority rights. Our results reveal the dynamic nature of group-relevant threats using a unique non-WEIRD sample.
Silicon-Germanium Sourced Dopingless Nanowire Tunnel Field Effect Transistor Based Oxygen Gas Sensor with Improved Sensitivity
Authors: SINGH NAVANEET KUMAR , Kumar Chandan , Mahato Thakur Prasad , Kumar Suraj , Azam Saquib , Singh Shradhya , Kumar Naveen , Singh Prashant Kumar , Kar Rajib , Mandal Durbadal
Published: April 2024

In this paper, a transducer sensor based on a Charge Plasma Nanowire Tunnel Field Effect Transistor is proposed for the detection of Oxygen (O2) gas using a Silicon Germanium (SiGe) sourced structure (SiGe-CP-NW-TFET). The electrical performances of SiGe-sourced Charge Plasma Nanowire Tunnel Field Effect Transistor (SiGe-CP-NW-TFET) have been compared with Charge Plasma Nanowire Tunnel Field Effect Transistor (CP-NW-TFET). The electrical parameters considered are ION, IOFF, ION/IOFF, Subthreshold slope (SS), and threshold voltage (Vt). The SiGe-CP-NW-TFET has better electrical performance as compared to SiGe-CP-NW-TFET. Further, the device characteristics like electric field, electric potential, charge carriers, and energy band diagram of both the devices have also been compared. The fundamental physics of the presented sensor is also explored from an exhaustive electrostatic investigation of the tunnelling junction in the context of gas molecule adsorption. The impact of device parameters of the proposed SiGe-CP-NW-TFET on electrical performance has also been studied. The device parameters considered are oxide thickness, extended gate length, silicon film thickness, and molar concentration of SiGe at the source side. The impact of oxide thickness, extended gate length, the radius of NW, and the concentration of SiGe (molar) at the source side on the sensitivity of the O2 gas sensor has been analysed. The proposed O2 gas sensor has a current ratio of 3.65×107 and a subthreshold slope of 58.23 mV/decade.
E_YOLO:Infrared Parson-Vehicle Detection based on enhanced YOLOv8s algorithm
Authors: Wu Chun-Ming , Lei jin , R Lingli Ling , Li Z , Liang YunFeng
Published: April 2024

Background:
Falls are a major health concern among older adults causing around 684,000 deaths annually. By 2050, 16% of the world population is projected to be 65 years and older hence effective fall prevention strategies are crucial for the health systems. The World Falls Guidelines from 2022 classified cardiovascular disease as a potential risk factor while recommending multidomain fall-prevention intervention strategies in older community dwelling adults. Individual cardiorespiratory fitness was not further discussed leading to the aim of this scoping review which is to (1) assess the effects acute bouts of aerobic exercise on balance, fall risk or fall rate and to (2) assess the relationship between aerobic capacity, balance, fall risk and fall rate in older adults.
Methods: A scoping review was conducted, including peer-reviewed articles written in in English language, dating from 1957 to February 2024 that are listed in the databases PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane. Eligible for inclusion were articles using the following keywords and their synonyms: aerobic capacity, falls, balance, exercise, and older adults. The references were categorized in two topics: (1) effects of acute bouts of exercise on balance or gait performance as fall risk factors in older persons and (2) the direct relation between aerobic capacity, balance and fall rate in older adults. The findings were systematically summarized, using the PRISMA-ScR reporting guidelines.
Results: Twelve articles with a total of 11,109 persons aged between 20 and 94 years old were included. Eight publications reported impaired balance after moderate to strenuous exercise in older adults. The direct relationship of aerobic capacity and fall risk was described in four publications, suggesting an inverse relationship.
Conclusions: After acute bouts of aerobic exercise, an intensity-related impairment of balance in older persons was observed, a finding worth acknowledging when prescribing strenuous exercise with increased lactate levels to older adults. Since the effects lasted from 10 to 30 minutes, it is recommended to avoid balance challenging tasks after moderate to strenuous exercise in this demographic.
Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices Towards Stroke Prevention and Associated Factors Among Hypertensive Patients Attending North Shewa Public Hospitals, 2023
Authors: Hussein Dursa , Girma Derara , Oyato Befekadu Tesfaye , Birhanu Belete , Teressa Beka , Bacha Sintayew , Geleta Rabbira Edessa , Ibrahim Seifu Mohammed , Lakew Meron Seyoum
Published: April 2024

Background
Stroke is a global public health concern, with hypertension being a known risk factor. This study aimed to assess the knowledge, attitudes, and practices related to stroke prevention among hypertensive patients in central Ethiopia.
Method
An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 417 hypertensive patients at North Shewa Public Hospitals from June to July 2023. A systematic random sampling technique was used to select study participants. The data were collected via a structured questionnaire through face-to-face exit interviews. The data were downloaded to Excel from the Kobo toolbox and subsequently exported to SPSS version 26 for analysis. Variables with a P value < 0.25 in the bivariate analysis were included in the multivariate logistic regression model. The degree of association was expressed using an adjusted odds ratio (AOR) with a 95% confidence interval (CI) at a P value < 0.05.
Results
The prevalence of good knowledge, a positive attitude and good practices toward stroke prevention was 42.9%, within the 95% CI (38.4–48.0%), 40.8%, [95% CI (35.7%, 45.8%)] and 39.8%, within the 95% CI (42.9, 52.5], respectively. Factors associated with knowledge included educational level (secondary college education and above) (AOR = 5.1: 95% CI = 1.1–18.1; AOR = 6.2: 95% CI = 4.6–17.2); duration of illness (AOR = 9.5: 95% CI = 4.9–18.3]; duration of treatment (AOR = 7.4: 95% CI = 2422); and physical exercise [AOR = 3.9: 95% CI = 2.5–15.6]. Factors associated with a positive attitude included history of hearing or reading about stroke (AOR = 9.7: 95% CI = 4.4–21.4), duration of treatment (AOR = 2.0: 95% CI = 1.2–3.1) and history of hospitalization (AOR = 4.5: 95% CI = 4.5 1.4–13.8). Factors associated with good prevention practices included urban residency [AOR = 1.9 (95% CI: 1.2–3.1)], duration of illness (AOR = 1.6, 95% CI: 1.1–2.5), and diabetic mellitus comorbidity (AOR = 3.1, 95% CI: 1.7–5.9].
Conclusion
The study revealed poor levels of knowledge, attitudes, and practices related to stroke prevention among hypertensive patients. Efforts should be made to improve patients' understanding and behaviors regarding stroke prevention.
Comparison of the effect of licorice and chlorhexidine mouthwash on the oral health of intubated patients in the intensive care unit
Authors: Oshvandi Khodayar , Lotfi Reza Faghih , Azizi Azim , Tapak Leli , Larki-Harchegani Amir
Published: April 2024

Background
Chlorhexidine mouthwash is a common oral hygiene product used in intensive care units, but it may have some adverse effects. Licorice, a natural herb, could be a potential alternative to chlorhexidine. However, the effect of licorice mouthwash on the oral health of intubated patients has not been studied yet. Therefore, this study aimed to compare the effects of licorice and chlorhexidine mouthwash on the oral health of intubated patients.
Methods
This was a triple-blind clinical trial. The sample included 130 intubated patients admitted to an intensive care unit in Iran. The samples were selected by convenience sampling and randomly assigned to two groups: A and B. In group A, the main researcher applied 15 ml of 0.2% chlorhexidine mouthwash after each brushing (twice a day for 5.5 days) and suctioned it after 30 seconds. In group B, 20% licorice mouthwash was used instead of chlorhexidine. The demographic information questionnaire and the Beck Oral Assessment Scale (BOAS) were completed by one of the nurses before and on the sixth day of the study.
Results
Finally, 60 patients in each group completed the study. There was no significant difference between the groups in terms of demographic variables or oral health before the intervention (P > 0.05). The oral health of patients in both the chlorhexidine and liquorice mouthwash groups improved significantly after the intervention (P < 0.05). However, there was no significant difference in oral health between the two groups at postintervention (P = 0.06).
Conclusion
Considering the herbal nature, cost-effectiveness and lack of serious side effects of licorice mouthwash, it can be used as a suitable alternative for chlorhexidine.
Eletrocardiographic evaluation of continuous lidocaine infusion in dogs anesthetized with sevoflurane
Authors: Martins Ana Paula , Games Bruna de Moraes Martins , de Siqueira Carlos Eduardo , Santos Juliana Grecco Braz dos , Santos Paulo Sergio Patto dos , Ferreira Wagner Luis
Published: April 2024

Background
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of continuous infusions of lidocaine on electrocardiographic variables in dogs anesthetized with sevoflurane. Twenty dogs were divided into two experimental groups: a control group (CG) and a lidocaine group (GL). The animals were anesthetized using a face mask with sevoflurane. Subsequently, an intravenous bolus of lidocaine (2 mg/kg) was administered to the GL, followed by the start of continuous infusion (100 µg/kg/minute). For the CG, the same methodology was used, in which lidocaine was replaced with 0.9% NaCl saline solution in identical volumes, rates and routes. Observations of the variables of interest began before the administration of lidocaine or 0.9% NaCl (MB) and 20, 40, 60 and 80 minutes after the start of continuous infusion (M20, M40, M60 and M80, respectively). The following variables were studied: heart rate and systolic, mean and diastolic blood pressure. Electrocardiographic measurements: P-wave, P-R interval, Q-R-S length, R-wave, and Q-T interval.
Results
No significant differences were observed in the mean values ​​between time points within each group or between groups for any of the variables studied.
Conclusions
continuous infusion of lidocaine did not promote important changes in the cardiac electrophysiology of dogs anesthetized with sevoflurane.
SELP can affect the immune microenvironment of gastric cancer and is associated with poor prognosis
Authors: Wu Yue , Liu Jingyu , Yin Tong , Li Xiaoxiao , Liu Xian , Peng Xiaobo , Zhan Xianbao
Published: April 2024

The tumor microenvironment (TME) plays a crucial role in the occurrence and progression of gastric cancer. However, it is still unclear how the immune and stromal components of the TMEs are modulated. In this study, we have applied the ESTIMATE algorithm to calculate the number of immune and stromal components in 410 STAD cases from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. COX regression analysis and protein-protein interaction (PPI) network construction were used to analyze differentially expressed genes (DEGs). P-selectin (SELP) was identified as a predictor by cross-analysis of univariate COX and PPI. After verifying the clinical significance of SELP in this study, we performed immune infiltration analysis and identified 54 immunomodulators associated with SELP using public data. Immunomodulation associated with gastric cancer prognosis was confirmed by LASSO regression, and previous results were further validated using single-cell data. Finally, we have verified that SELP promoted EMT in gastric cancer cells. In conclusion, we demonstrated that SELP may affect the biological phenotype of gastric cancer with its immune microenvironment.
Regioselectivity and physical nature of the interactions between (methyl)guanine with HCl and CH3OH
Authors: Detila Diyavanga , Isamura Bienfait Kabuyaya , Bilonda Mireille Kabuyi , Frédéric Kahenga Kafwaya , Mayaliwa Muzomwe , Muya Jules Tshishimbi
Published: April 2024

A comprehensive study of the hydrogen bonding interactions between guanine (G) and methyl guanine derivatives (MGs) in the presence of HCl and MeOH is carried out at B3LYP, B3LYP-D3 and M062X/6-311 + + G(d.p) levels using molecular electrostatic potential, natural bond orbital, and symmetry adapted perturbation theory. Making use of these state-of-the-art techniques, this study attempts to elucidate the chemical bonding, regioselectivity, and physical nature of the interactions responsible for the stability of (M)G…L (L = HCl, MeOH) acid-base complexes. Our calculations reveal that 1-G, 3-MG, and 5-MG interact more strongly with MeOH than HCl due to the positive hydrogen bond cooperativity. Furthermore, the carbonyl site on G is found to be the most reactive site, while methyl substitution increases the basicity of the nucleobase, thus yielding more stable complexes. The strongest H-bond interaction in G-complexes is found when HCl and MeOH attack carbonyl in anti-position. Finally, energy decomposition analyses through the symmetry-adapted perturbation theory reveal that most complexes are mainly stabilized via electrostatic interactions. The energy difference between complex isomers shows a competition between 3-HCl-G (MG) and 4-HCl-G (MG) at ∆G level where thermal, BSSE and entropy terms are included.
Application decision model of blockchain technology in construction supply chain
Authors: XIAO Mufeng , Chen Xiaobo , Wang Meng , HAN Yanchun , XU Xiaoyang
Published: April 2024

With the advent of the global digital era, the new generation of information technology represented by blockchain has gradually matured and penetrated into various industries, triggering a new round of technological innovation and industrial revolution. In construction projects, it is difficult for individual participants in the construction supply chain to make decisions about whether to adopt blockchain technology. It involves a complex decision-making process, the need to coordinate various players, the large capital investments involved, and the AD hoc nature of the construction supply chain. The characteristics and advantages of blockchain technology are a natural match for the construction industry's pain points, helping to solve many of the thorthoric problems that have long plagued the construction industry, such as poor information sharing, lack of trust among stakeholders, complex supply chain processes, payment delays, and lack of accountability. This study proposes a blockchain technology adoption decision model that can predict the success rate of each construction supply chain (CSC) participant after adopting blockchain technology, thereby helping them make decisions about whether or not to adopt blockchain. First, based on the TOE framework, the decision factors that affect blockchain adoption are summarized. Then, the decision model is established by Likert scale and DEMATEL method. Finally, an example is given to apply the model. This study can help CSC participants make informed decisions about whether to adopt blockchain technology. This study also further expands the construction industry as an important field of IS research.
Application of Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA) to Optimize Acute Kidney Injury Management Process- a multicenter study in China
Authors: Xu Qiling , Cheng Fang , Guo Wei , Zhu Chunqi , Tao Jinyi , Li Shihong , Xiong Jing , Qiu Tao , Chen Chen , Gong Shiwei , Zeng Fang
Published: April 2024

Background
Acute kidney injury (AKI) occurs frequently in the healthcare setting, especially in the hospital across all departments, often misdiagnosed and inappropriately worked up of AKI which causes severe consequences. This study aims to implement a risk evaluation and for AKI management in the hospital setting to identify potential failure modes.
Method
From June 2022, a structured Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA) was carried out, followed by eight months of risk evaluation and management. FMEA in AKI management process, included five steps: establishing context, selecting team member, identifying potential failure modes by Delphi Method, quantizing each failure mode and prioritizing the failure modes, and planning intervention to reduce harm.
Result
A total of 22 failure modes were identified across 5 processes. Among these, the top three risks were associated with medication, with the highest Risk Priority Number (RPN) being 224 due to pharmacists failing to provide the correct dosage adjustment plan. After the implementation of a CDSS for AKI management, the total RPN decreased by 87.5% compared to the current status without CDSS.
Conclusion
The highest-priority risks associated with AKI were linked to medications. These risks could be effectively managed through the use of an CDSS.