bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Research of the Damage and Failure Processes of Composite Materials Based on Acoustic Emission Monitoring and Method of Digital Image Correlation
Authors: Wildemann V.E. , Spaskova E.V. , Shilova A.I.
Published: October 2015

The work presents an analysis of the methodical questions of the digital image correlation and acoustic emission application for studying damage accumulation process in composites. The research included tensile mechanical tests on flat samples with a hole. According to the acoustic emission data the localization graphs and the peak amplitude and frequency distributions were plotted. Additionally, the analysis of inhomogeneous deformation fields was made by non-contact three-dimensional digital optical system Vic-3D. The optimal parameters of post processing were selected.
Mathematical Modelining of Underworked Rock Strata Failure Process
Authors: Baryakh Alexander A. , Samodelkina N.A.
Published: October 2015

Approaches to mathematical modeling of waterproof strata stress-strain state modification under the influence of large-scale mining have been considered. The level of anthropogenic impact on waterproof strata (WPS) was controlled by realized parameters of movement trough. Mechanism of forming tensile and shearing cracks in waterproof strata has been determined. Retrospective numerical analysis of the reasons for WPS discontinuity at abnormal flood of the First Bereznikovsky potassium mine has been done.
Simulation of the Energy Balance in Metals under Irreversible Deformation
Authors: Kostina Anastasiia A. , Plekhov Oleg A.
Published: October 2015

This work is devoted to the development of a constitutive model for the simulation of dissipated and stored energy evolutions under irreversible (plastic) deformation of metals. The efficiency of the model was demonstrated by the calculation of the energy balance in 304(L) austenitic steel under quasistatic deformation. The results of the numerical simulation are in a good agreement with the experimental data. The additional theoretical result of the study has established (based on the numerical and experimental data) a correlation between energy storage rate and rate of strain hardening.
Influence of limnological zones on the spatial distribution of fish assemblages in three Brazilian reservoirs
Authors: Becker Bárbara , Galhardo Bárbara De Oliveira Sanches , Macedo Diego Rodrigues , Hughes Robert M. , Callisto Marcos , Santos Gilmar B.
Published: October 2015

Reservoirs can have both positive and negative effects on differing fish species depending on the species concerned and reservoir morphology, flow regime, and basin location.  We assessed the influence of limnological zones on the ichthyofauna of three large Neotropical reservoirs in two different river basins. We sampled fish through use of gill nets set at 40 systematically selected sites on each reservoir. We used satellite images, algae, and suspended solids concentrations to classify those sites as lacustrine or riverine. We observed significant differences in assemblage composition between riverine and lacustrine zones of each reservoir. We either tested if the same region (lacustrine or riverine) showed the same patterns in different reservoirs. In São Simão, the riverine zone produced greater abundances of native species, long-distance migratory species, diversity, and richness, whereas the lacustrine zone supported greater total and non-native species abundances. Conversely, in Três Marias, the riverine zone supported greater total and non-native species abundances, whereas the others traits evaluated did not differ significantly between zones. Only lacustrine sites occurred in Volta Grande Reservoir. The same zones in the three reservoirs usually had significantly different patterns in the traits evaluated. The differences in spatial patterns observed between reservoirs could be explained partly by the differing morphologies (complex versus linear), the differential influence of tributaries of each reservoir and basin positions (presence or absence of upstream dams) of the reservoirs.
Ženske in migracije
Authors: Kožar Rosulnik Klara
Published: October 2015

Skozi zgodovino so raziskovalci migracij svojo pozornost namenjali predvsem moškim med migranti, danes opažamo povečano raziskovalno zanimanje za migrantke. Ta neuravnoteženi pristop ogroža pogled na migracije kot spolno zaznamovan proces. Migracija namreč prinaša velike življenjske spremembe in izkušnje, ki jih ne glede na časovno obdobje moški in ženske doživljajo različno. V članku poskušam odgovoriti na vprašanje, zakaj so bile migracijske izkušnje žensk v zgodovini prezrte ali stereotipno obravnavane ter zakaj v sodobnosti govorimo o feminizaciji migracij. Žensko predstavim kot aktiven subjekt v migracijskem procesu, ki z zavestno odločitvijo za spremembo v življenju prevzame odgovornost za svoje življenje in nadzor nad njim.
Empowerment through intercultural learning. The contribution of indigenous people in Latin America
Authors: Schmidt-Behlau Beate
Published: October 2015

This article focuses on the triangle of intercultural learning – global learning and development education in which DDV International’s work is situated. It outlines the development of intercultural bilingual education as well as the situation of the indigenous people in Latin America. Some of the indigenous languages are at risk of extinction and with them also the indigenous knowledge attached to it. Once they are lost, intercultural learning through these languages and cultures will not be possible anymore. Drawing on research and some results of the intercultural bilingual education the article highlights the role and importance of intercultural learning, and the potential for empowerment and transformation based on the dialogue between the indigenous and western cultures that occurs in development work.
Spodbujanje medkulturnega dialoga
Authors: Baloh Tina
Published: October 2015

Projekt Vklopi se je program spodbujanja medkulturnega dialoga z državljani tretjih držav, ki je potekal v Celju od 5. januarja do 30. junija 2015 v izvedbi UPI – ljudske univerze Žalec. Namenjen je spodbujanju sodelovanja med domačim prebivalstvom in državljani tretjih držav na najrazličnejših področjih vsakdanjega življenja kot tudi ozaveščanju javnosti o pomenu strpnosti in medkulturnega dialoga ter promociji etnične raznolikosti. V projektu, ki ga sofinancirata EU iz Evropskega sklada za vključevanje državljanov tretjih držav in Ministrstvo RS za notranje zadeve, so bile izvedene različne dejavnosti: kulinarične delavnice, radijske oddaje, zaključna prireditev s predstavitvijo državljanov tretjih držav na stojnicah, anketa in priprava brošure. S projektom, katerega naročnik je omenjeno ministrstvo, Slovenija izvaja ukrepe integracije, s katerimi državljanom tretjih držav zagotavlja možnosti za vključitev v kulturno, gospodarsko in družbeno življenje Republike Slovenije.
Allen Tough – raziskovalec učenja in spreminjanja odraslih ter vizionar
Authors: Jelenc Zoran
Published: October 2015

Ko sem brskal po internetu, sem naletel na informacijo, ki me ni le presenetila, temveč tudi prizadela. Nisem si mogel misliti, da nas v Sloveniji nihče ni obvestil o smrti tega velikana andragogike, ki je s svojimi raziskavami, zlasti tistimi o učnih projektih odraslih, naredil epohalen premik v razumevanju filozofije in prakse učenja in izobraževanja odraslih. Danes očitno še nismo v celoti dojeli daljnosežnosti njegovega vpliva na celotno izobraževanje. O njegovem pomenu in vplivu na razvoj veliko povedo že podatki o citiranosti.[1] Najbolj znana njegova knjiga Učni projekti odraslih: Nov pristop v teoriji in praksi učenja odraslih (Adult's Learning Projects: A Fresh Approach to Theory and Practice in Adult Learning), ki je izšla v dveh izdajah (1971 in 1979), je navedena v 1.867 virih. Tudi druge njegove knjige so pogosto citirane. Po raziskavi Združenja za izobraževanje odraslih (Adult Education Association) iz leta 1978 je bil Allen Tough označen za enega od šestih najpogosteje citiranih in uporabljenih avtorjev. Njegovo zgodnje delo je spodbudilo 90 poglavitnih raziskav, ki so izhajale iz Toughovega dela, zapiše Shuch (2012) na spletni strani.[1] A le kvantitativni podatki seveda niso tako pomembni kot vsebina Toughovega dela, ki jo bomo podrobneje spoznali v nadaljevanju.
Ammonium excretion and oxygen respiration of tropical copepods and euphausiids exposed to oxygen minimum zone conditions
Authors: Kiko R. , Hauss H. , Buchholz F. , Melzner F.
Published: October 2015

Abstract. Calanoid copepods and euphausiids are key components of marine zooplankton communities worldwide. Most euphausiids and several copepod species perform diel vertical migrations (DVMs) that contribute to the export of particulate and dissolved matter to midwater depths. In vast areas of the global ocean, and in particular in the eastern tropical Atlantic and Pacific, the daytime distribution depth of many migrating organisms corresponds to the core of the oxygen minimum zone (OMZ). At depth, the animals experience reduced temperature and oxygen partial pressure (pO2) and an increased carbon dioxide partial pressure (pCO2) compared to their near-surface nighttime habitat. Although it is well known that low oxygen levels can inhibit respiratory activity, the respiration response of tropical copepods and euphausiids to relevant pCO2, pO2 and temperature conditions remains poorly parameterized. Further, the regulation of ammonium excretion at OMZ conditions is generally not well understood. It was recently estimated that DVM-mediated ammonium supply considerably fuels bacterial anaerobic ammonium oxidation – a major loss process for fixed nitrogen in the ocean. These estimates were based on the implicit assumption that hypoxia or anoxia in combination with hypercapnia (elevated pCO2) does not result in a downregulation of ammonium excretion. Here we show that exposure to OMZ conditions can result in strong depression of respiration and ammonium excretion in calanoid copepods and euphausiids from the Eastern Tropical North Atlantic and the Eastern Tropical South Pacific. These physiological responses need to be taken into account when estimating DVM-mediated fluxes of carbon and nitrogen into OMZs.
Reading the “Outsider Within”: Counter-Narratives of Human Rights in Black Women’s Fiction
Authors: McCoy Shane
Published: October 2015

In Pedagogies of Crossing (2005), M. Jacqui Alexander asserts that human rights are not rights at all; in fact, human rights does little to mitigate the violence perpetuated by late capitalism and the legacies of imperialism and colonialism. Alexander’s point of contention brings to bear the fact that the passing of human rights by the United Nations, among other groups, institutes a “dominant knowledge framework” that does nothing to mitigate the violence perpetuated by unequal power structures (2005; 124). My paper focuses on the function of literary counter-narratives as a useful pedagogical strategy for teaching about human rights in the undergraduate classroom. I frame my analysis within the theoretical debates in critical pedagogy and turn to what Stephen Slemon defines as the “primal scene of colonialist management”—the literary studies classroom—in order to examine the ways in which contemporary black women’s writing problematizes the rhetoric of ‘women’s rights as human rights.’ Despite the common belief that white middle-class readers are consuming ‘exotic’ literature when reading immigrant fiction, as noted by scholars Kanishka Chowdhury (1992) and Inderpal Grewal (2005), I maintain that counter-narratives are useful for intervening in the reproduction of a “patriotic education” (Sheth 2013) that undergirds rights-based discourse, in general, and human rights, in particular, as desirable global policies that mitigate the violence of social injustices. Through primary texts Michelle Cliff’s Abeng (1984), Jamaica Kincaid’s Lucy (1990), and Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie’s Americanah (2013), I argue that these texts perform a counter-“cultural technology” in teaching about human rights in literary studies through the lens of “race radicalism” (Melamed 2011), that is cultural production that interrupts the totalizing effects of neocolonial and imperial discourses so often produced in dominant Western literature. Cliff, Kincaid, and Adichie strategically produce oppositional “outsider” narratives that trouble the hegemonic narrative of ‘women’s rights as human rights,’ which implicitly positions women of color in a subordinate position (Mohanty 1986; Spivak 1986).  As black feminist Patricia Hill Collins notes, the “‘outsider within’ status has provided a special standpoint on self, family, and society for Afro-American women.” This standpoint is especially productive for “producing distinctive analyses of race, class, and gender.” I extend Hill Collins’ concept to also include the category of ‘nation.’ Simply put, I argue that the counter-narratives produced by these writers make privy the position of the cultural outsider to American students who have “taken-for-granted assumptions” of human rights discourses as cultural insiders in the U.S. With insight drawn from critical pedagogy, I construct a counter-curriculum that intervenes in a reproduction of global human rights policies constructed through neoliberal ideologies.
Teaching the Transformative Agenda of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights
Authors: MacNaughton Gillian , Frey Diane
Published: October 2015

Neoliberalism has dominated the world for over three decades and now permeates our laws, policies and practices at the international, national and local levels. The International Monetary Fund, the World Trade Organization, the European Union, the United States and China all support trade liberalization, privatization of public services and the primacy of markets over people. Indeed, neoliberalism has become so ingrained that it has become invisible and many of us no longer notice when new agendas conflict with international human rights laws and principles to which almost all countries in the world have committed themselves. Adopted in 1948, immediately after World War II, to implement one of the four goals of the new United Nations Organization, the norms and aspirations elaborated in the UDHR provide a framework for a radically different world than the one we have today. In this article, we revisit the content of the UDHR, beginning with the right to a social and international order in which everyone’s rights can be realized, and consider other key provisions that conflict with neoliberalism, including the rights to the benefits of science, to full employment and decent work, to progressive realization of free higher education, to nondiscrimination on the grounds of economic status and to solidarity. We also share some activities that we use in the classroom and online to make the transformative agenda of the UDHR visible to students and demonstrate how far we have strayed from the aspiration of a world in which everyone enjoys their human rights.  The article concludes that teaching a holistic vision of the UDHR in a neoliberal world is a radical human rights curriculum.
Teaching the History of Human Rights and "Humanitarian" Interventions
Authors: Nolan Mary
Published: October 2015

This article explores how I teach about human rights and so-called humanitarian interventions to MA and Ph.D. students.  The course has three main themes or foci.  First, what are human rights and why have the social and economic human rights laid out in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights been so neglected or rejected, especially by the U.S.  Second, how has American foreign policy used and abused human rights.  Third, why have liberal or humanitarian interventions of a militarized sort become so prevalent since the end of the Cold War and why are they so damaging.  The goal is to get students to look critically at the meaning and uses of human rights, about which many display a naive enthusiasm.
Bringing Human Rights Education to US Classrooms: Exemplary Models from Elementary Grades to University by Susan Roberta Katz and Andrea McEvoy Spero (Eds.)
Authors: Bennett Michael
Published: October 2015

A Review of Bringing Human Rights Education to US Classrooms:  Exemplary Models from Elementary Grades to University.
A Critical Inquiry Framework for K-12 Teachers: Lessons and Resources from the U.N. Rights of the Child Edited by JoBeth Allen and Lois Alexander
Authors: Kinloch Valerie
Published: October 2015

This is a review of a book.
Introduction: Radical Teaching about Human Rights
Authors: Bennett Michael , O'Malley Susan
Published: October 2015

Introduction to the first issue on Teaching About Human Rights
Relationship between High School Mathematical Achievement and Quantitative GPA
Authors: Brown Jennifer L , Halpin Glennelle , Halpin Gerald
Published: October 2015

The demand for STEM graduates has increased, but the number of incoming freshmen who declare a STEM major has remained stagnant. High school courses, such as calculus, can open or close the gate for students interested in careers in STEM. The purpose of this study was to determine if high school mathematics preparation was a significant prerequisite for success in the pre-engineering curriculum at the post-secondary level. The College Freshman Survey was administered to a sample of 2,328 incoming freshman students, then their survey responses were matched with the grades and standardized test scores provided by the university’s institutional research office. A multiple regression analysis was conducted to predict quantitative pre-engineering GPA. The most significant predictor of quantitative GPA was adjusted ACT math score. Other significant contributors to the models were calculus, algebra II, trigonometry, and algebra I grades. The results suggest that high school preparation in specific mathematics subjects does have a positive impact on success in pre-engineering education.
Evaluation of Tillage Practices for Maize (Zea mays) Grown on Different Land-Use Systems in Eastern Zambia
Authors: Mafongoya Paramu , Jiri Obert , Phophi Mutondwa
Published: October 2015

Improved fallows of Sesbania sesban (Sesbania) have been known to improve soil physical and chemical properties and increase crop yield compared to traditional fallows. However, the effects of soil tillage practices after improved fallows on soil properties, weeds, labour and subsequent maize crop have not been assessed in Southern Africa. This study aimed to evaluate how tillage practices affect yield of maize and affect soil properties after two years of fallow and subsequent cropping phase. In this study, done at sites in eastern Zambia, maize yield from a two-year planted Sesbania, natural fallow, continuously fertilized and unfertilized maize were compared under conventional, flat till and zero tillage practices. A split plot experiment, with improved fallow systems in the main plot and the tillage practice in the subplot, was established at the sites. The results showed that the increases in grain yield under conventional tillage over zero tillage practice were 17.8% and 28.2% during 2000/2001 and 2001/2002 seasons, respectively, at Msekera. At Chadiza, the increases in grain yield under conventional tillage over zero tillage were 66.3% and 327.4% during 2000/2001 and 2001/2002 seasons, respectively. Greater maize yields were achieved under Sesbania planted fallows compared to the natural fallow and maize monoculture without fertilizer. Overall, zero tillage practice resulted in lower maize grain yield, higher bulk density, reduced water intake, higher weed infestation and high labour demand during weeding compared to conventional tillage.
La mine qui « commence à grignoter le village1 » : expansion minière territoriale à Asbestos
Authors: van Horssen Jessica , Blanc Guillaume
Published: October 2015

La ville d’Asbestos est le foyer de ce qui était autrefois la plus grande mine d’amiante à ciel ouvert dans le monde, la mine Jeffrey. La majorité de son histoire a été dominée par l’exploitation de la ressource qui lui donna son nom, et aussi la compagnie américaine propriétaire de la mine, la Johns-Manville Company, qui opéra un style agressif de gestion du territoire. En procédant à l’élargissement des limites de la mine dans la communauté afin de répondre à une demande mondiale croissante pour l’amiante, la Johns Manville provoqua des transformations radicales de l’environnement et du paysage local. Face à l’effondrement de l’industrie mondiale de l’amiante, la Johns-Manville intensifia ses plans d’expansion, au grand détriment de la communauté locale. Celle-ci, cependant, n’est pas demeurée muette lors de ces transformations, et cet article examine la façon dont elle a négocié un équilibre entre le progrès et l’épicentre de cette industrie minière.
Prophecy and Doubt in Just Above My Head
Authors: Hobson Christopher Z.
Published: October 2015

Written in the aftermath of the civil rights era’s expansive hopes, James Baldwin’s last
novel, Just Above My Head (1979), examines a fundamental issue, the choice between hope
and skepticism, or prophecy and doubt. Baldwin approaches this issue by questioning two
cornerstone ideas of his fiction, the need for prophetic art and this art’s focus on
anticipating a renovated society, often pictured in terms adapted from apocalyptic
biblical texts and Gospel music lyrics. Just Above My Head is Baldwin’s fullest
presentation of this kind of art and its linkage to apocalyptic hopes. He dramatizes these
ideas in the art of his Gospel singer protagonist, particularly in a climactic scene of
artistic dedication whose Gospel lyric envisions “tearing down the kingdom of this world.”
Yet Baldwin also unsparingly questions these same ideas through plot and the
blues-inflected skeptical-tragic consciousness of his narrator. Responding to a 1970s
moment when hopes for transcendent justice seemed passé, Just Above My Head’s unique
contribution is not to try to resolve the ideas it counterposes, but to face both the
possible falseness of prophetic hope and our continuing need for it, and to present the
necessity for choice in a final dream that holds the key to the novel’s meaning. In
presenting this issue through a sustained double-voiced narrative that reexamines its
author’s artistic practice and raises fundamental choices in outlook and conduct, Just
Above My Head evidences the continuing artistic vitality of Baldwin’s late fiction.
“I’m Trying to be as Honest as I Can:” An Interview with James Baldwin (1969)
Authors: Blint Rich , Büyüm Nazar
Published: October 2015

This is the first English language publication of an interview with James Baldwin
(1924–87) conducted by Nazar Büyüm in 1969, Istanbul, Turkey. Deemed too long for
conventional publication at the time, the interview re-emerged last year and reveals
Baldwin’s attitudes about his literary antecedents and influences such as Richard Wright,
Langston Hughes, and Countee Cullen; his views concerning the “roles” and “duties” of a
writer; his assessment of his critics; his analysis of the power and message of the Nation
of Islam; his lament about the corpses that are much of the history and fact of American
life; an honest examination of the relationship of poor whites to American blacks; an
interrogation of the “sickness” that characterizes Americans’ commitment to the fiction
and mythology of “race,” as well as the perils and seductive nature of American power.
James Baldwin: Voyages in Search of Love
Authors: Leeming David
Published: October 2015

From the time of his early adolescence until his death, traveling was one of, if not the,
driving force of James Baldwin’s life. He traveled to escape, he travelled to discover,
and he traveled because traveling was a way of knowing himself, of realizing his
vocation.
TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE AT THE INTERSECTION OF EVIDENCE-BASED MEDICINE AND NARRATIVE MEDICINE
Authors: Costa Alberto C. S.
Published: October 2015

Não se aplica
KNOWLEDGE OF HEALTH SCIENCES UNDERGRADUATE STUDENTS IN OBJECTIVE TESTS ON BASIC LIFE SUPPORT
Authors: Tavares Luis Fernando Barbosa , Bezerra Italla Maria Pinheiro , Oliveira Fernando Rocha , Sousa Luiz Vinícius De Alcantara , Raimundo Rodrigo Daminello , Sousa Ednan Cardoso de , Adami Fernando , Abreu Luiz Carlos de
Published: October 2015

Introduction: Sudden Cardiac Arrest (SCA) is a serious public health problem and represents one of the leading causes of death in the world. In emergency situations the assessment of the victim and care must be effective, to reduce negative outcomes and to increase the survival rate. Objective: To analyze graduation students in the Health Sciences through objective testing on Basic Life Support (BLS). Methods: This is a descriptive, observational and cross sectional study, performed in the State of São Paulo, Brazil. The study population consisted of 664 graduation students in Medicine, Nursing, Physiotherapy, Pharmacy, Nutrition and Occupational Therapy. Data collection occurred through an instrument in the form of objective tests based on the guidelines for Basic Life Support from the American Heart Association. For analysis the Shapiro-Wilk, Chi-square, Mann-Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis tests were used. The adopted confidence level was 95%. The statistical program used was Stata 11.0. Result: There was found to be a prevalence of students who were female (82.23%), single (77.56%), on the physiotherapy course (53.16%), in the freshmen year (32.2%) with previous training (54.45%) and with a median age of 22 years old. When the association between the scores was analyzed according to sex, marital status, previous training, course and year of study, the relation between the number of correct answers and previous training, course and year of study showed statistically significant differences (p < 0.001). Conclusion: 99.9% of subjects had lower score than the minimum score of 84% of Americam Heart Association, which characterizes insufficient knowledge about the basic support of life theme. Thus, there is need for continued training of health sciences students on the subject, at the undergraduate level.
POSTURAL CONTROL IN CHILDREN BORN AT TERM ACCORDING TO THE ALBERTA INFANT MOTOR SCALE: COMPARISON BETWEEN SEXES
Authors: Saccani Raquel , Valentini Nadia C.
Published: October 2015

Introduction: acquisitions and changes in the motor and cognitive development of boys and girls are related not only to existing biological differences between both sexes, but also to socio-economic, cultural and family factors. Objective: to investigate the differences between sexes in the acquisition of anti-gravitational postures. Methods: the participants in this study were 638 children born at term (324 males and 314 females), from 0 to 18 months, coming from Infant Education Schools in the south of Brazil. The Alberta Infant Motor Scale (AIMS) was used to evaluate motor performance. Results: most of the evaluated children showed normal motor performance for their age (69.7%), with nonlinear development and plateaus in postural acquisition from 15 months. There were not significant differences (p>0.05) in motor performance between boys and girls from 0 to 18 months. Conclusion: motor development was similar between the sexes in the first months of life. However, throughout childhood, sociocultural differences and parents’ practices seem to influence differently the process of motor acquisition and development of skills, since children are exposed to experiences in conformity with sex expectations.
SELF-PERCEPTION OF COMPETENCE IN CHILDREN FROM SOCIALLY VULNERABLE CONTEXTS, ASSISTED AND UNASSISTED BY SOCIAL SPORTS PROJECTS
Authors: Nobre Glauber Carvalho , Bandeira Paulo Felipe Ribeiro , Ramalho Maria Helena Da Silva , Nobre Francisco Salviano Sales , Valentini Nadia Cristina
Published: October 2015

ntroduction: practising sport contributes tothe reinforcement of important psychological features such as self-perception of competence, especially when participants are children from socially vulnerable contexts. Objective: to compare the socially vulnerablechildren’s self-perception of competence, assisted and unassisted by social sports projects. Method: a total of 235 children (male and female), aged between seven and tenyears, participated in this comparative study. They were divided into two groups: onegroup was formed by 106 children participating in social sports projects;the other was 129 children who did not participate in socialsports projects. The self-perception of competence was assessed by the Brazilian version of the Self-Perception Profile for Children. We used a three-way ANOVA to assess the possible interaction effect between gender, age and group (children assisted and unassisted) in the different dimensions of perceived competence. Results: The children attending sports projects reported higher overall self-worth (F(1.234)) = 6.132, p = 0.014, η2 = 0.026). It was observed that there was an effect of interaction between the variable age x group (F(1.234)) = 6.673, p = 0.010, η2 = 0.029) on the self-perception of social acceptance. There were no significant effects of group on the other dimensions of self-perception of competence. Conclusion: the children participatingin social sports projects showed more self-perception in terms of social acceptance and self-concept compared tonon-participatory children. This project does not help in other dimensions of self-perception.
West Greenlandic antipassive
Authors: Schmidt Bodil Kappel
Published: October 2015

On the basis of syntactic and morphological evidence from West Greenlandic (WG) antipassive (AP) constructions, I argue against the view that the AP affix is nominal. The fact that the transitivizing and the antipassive affixes in a number of verbs are in complementary distribution, leads me to conclude that they both realize a light verb, transitivizing v, one on the ERG-NOM pattern, the other on the NOM-ACC pattern. Nominalization facts of the two clause types indicate their syntactic structure, with possible implications for the semantic interpretation of the object and the position of the ergative subject.
(Axial) Parts and Wholes
Authors: Fábregas Antonio
Published: October 2015

In this article I identify some Spanish words as AxParts (Svenonius 2006) and I discuss their properties, some of which have already been noted in the previous literature. I show that there are three characteristics of these elements that contrast with English AxParts, and I provide an analysis that allows a unified analysis of AxParts in Spanish and English by deriving all three differences from the same independent property: the syntactic representation of part-whole relationships. A second contribution of this article is that I argue that the difference between two series of AxParts that have been identified in Spanish follow naturally if the members of one of the series select a DP as their ground, while those of the second series take a phonologically empty pronoun.
The Syntax of Spatial Anaphora
Authors: Rooryck Johan , Vanden Wyngaerd Guido
Published: October 2015

In this paper, we provide a comprehensive Minimalist analysis of the apparent free variation between pronouns and anaphors in snake-sentences. Three sets of data provide the basis for the analysis: hitherto unobserved restrictions on quantifier-pronoun relationships, classical observations about the role of perspective or point of view (Cantrall 1974), and interpretive effects concerning the nature of the locative relationship (Kuno 1987). We propose an analysis of spatial prepositions in terms of Svenonius’ (2006) AxPartP. Spatial interpretations may be object-centered or observer-centered. We correlate these two interpretations with two distinct grammatical representations. The object-centered interpretation involves an Agree relation between AxPart and the complement of P, the observer-centered interpretation is the result of a binding relationship between AxPart and the Speaker, represented in MoodEvid P. An Agree relation requires the presence of the complex anaphor himself, whereas binding of AxPart by the Speaker is only compatible with the pronoun him.
Mental state talk by Danish preschool children
Authors: Knüppel Ane , Steensgaard Rikke , Jensen de López Kristine
Published: October 2015

Sixteen 4 to 6-year-old Danish children were video-recorded, while interacting spontaneously with their family in their homes. The mental state talk of the children was identified and analysed with respect to three mental domains: desire, feeling and cognition, and was compared to data from a similar study carried out with Canadian families (Jenkins et al., 2003). Our results suggest some cross-cultural differences in children’s mental state talk. First, Danish children produce a larger variation of mental state talk words than Canadian children do, and second, the distribution of mental state talk across the three domains differed for the two language groups. Semantic variation between Danish and English was identified in the study, which may partly explain the findings. Furthermore we present a usage-based approach to the investigation of children’s development of psychological categories in language as well as cross-linguistically.
On that one poverty of the stimulus argument
Authors: Gualmini Andrea
Published: October 2015

This paper examines the logical problem of language acquisition drawing upon an experimental study on children’s knowledge of anaphoric one by Lidz, Waxman and Freedman (2003). The finding was that, upon being presented with the instruction “Look! A yellow bottle. Do you see another one?”, 18-month-old children prefer to look at a yellow bottle rather than to a bottle of a different color. According to Lidz et al. (2003), the results that children cannot interpret one as anaphoric to head nouns. We point out that the experimental findings are not explained under the hypothesis offered by the authors of that study. Secondly, we consider whether, under current assumptions, children’s knowledge of anaphoric one can be inferred from the properties of the final state. Thirdly, we reaffirm the validity of the Poverty of the Stimulus argument, despite the challenge posed by the learning model proposed by Regier and Gahl (2004). Finally, we draw upon recent psycholinguistic work to propose an explanation for the findings documented by Lidz et al. (2003) that is independent from – though consistent with – their knowledge of the constraint on anaphoric one.
Determiner use in Italian Swedish and Italian German children: Do Swedish and German represent the same parameter setting?
Authors: Kupisch Tanja , Bernardini Petra
Published: October 2015

In this article we compare the acquisition of determiners in bilingual children acquiring Italian simultaneously with German or Swedish. We are concerned with cross-linguistic differences in the rate of acquisition and we discuss in particular the Nominal Mapping Parameter, a model according to which the syntax-semantics interface is crucial in acquisition and which predicts similar developmental patterns for children acquiring a Germanic language. We show that Swedish determiners are acquired more easily than German determiners, which implies that predictions for developmental patterns should not be based on syntactic factors alone, but must make reference to typological differences in morphology and phonology. Furthermore, we show that the acquisition of Italian determiners is affected positively by the simultaneous acquisition of Swedish but that no such effect arises when Italian is acquired simultaneously with German.
The acquisition of compositional definiteness in Norwegian
Authors: Anderssen Merete
Published: October 2015

This paper aim to explain why the prenominal definiteness marker found in modified structures only is acquired much later than the suffixal definite article in Norwegian. The coexistence of the two definiteness markers is the result of the so-called double definiteness phenomenon in Norwegian which occurs in definite structures involving an attributive adjective. As the prenominal determiner only occurs in modified contexts, one obvious explanation that presents itself is that the omission of the prenominal determiner is related to the fact that it is much less frequent in the input than the suffixal article. However, if we consider the form of this determiner, it is clear that the form itself must be very frequent in the input, as it is homophonous with the demonstrative and with inanimate third person pronouns, which are all frequent in use. Consequently, a lexical insertion approach to the double definiteness phenomenon is proposed according to which the discrepancy in the order of acquisition is argued to be due to a combination of prosodic saliency and the lexicalisation of semantic features, the latter of which will be dealt with here.
Complex Predicates and the Functional Sequence
Authors: Svenonius Peter
Published: October 2015

In this paper I argue that a fine-grained functional hierarchy of semantically contentful categories such as Tense, Aspect, Initiation, and Process has explanatory power in understanding the crosslinguistic distribution of complex predicates. Complex predicates may involve adjunction, control, or raising, and show other variables as well. In a Minimalist framework, specific parameters cannot be invoked to allow or disallow different kinds of serial verbs, light verbs, resultatives, and so on. Instead, what variation is observed must come from the specifications of lexical items. This places a great burden on the learner, a burden which, I argue, is partly alleviated by the functional sequence.
Two Structural Positions for Locative and Directional PPs in Norwegian Motion Constructions
Authors: Tungseth Mai
Published: October 2015

This paper discusses two types of constructions in Norwegian where a combination of a verb of motion and a prepositional phrase are ambiguous between a reading of directed motion and a reading of located motion. Based on the differences in the syntactic behaviour of the two types of constructions with respect to a variety of tests (viz. VP constituency tests, adverbial placement, accent placement and the binding of anaphora), I argue that the two different readings have different argument structures and syntactic structures. On the directed motion reading, the PP appears low down in the verb phrase as complement to a functional head Path0, where it is interpreted as endpoint. Locative PPs, however, appear higher up in the structure as a verb phrase adjunct.
Word Formation below and above Little x:
Evidence from Sign Language of the Netherlands
Authors: Zwitserlood Inge
Published: October 2015

Although in many respects sign languages have a similar structure to that of spoken languages, the different modalities in which both types of languages are expressed cause differences in structure as well. One of the most striking differences between spoken and sign languages is the influence of the interface between grammar and PF on the surface form of utterances. Spoken language words and phrases are in general characterized by sequential strings of sounds, morphemes and words, while in sign languages we find that many phonemes, morphemes, and even words are expressed simultaneously. A linguistic model should be able to account for the structures that occur in both spoken and sign languages. In this paper, I will discuss the morphological/ morphosyntactic structure of signs in Nederlandse Gebarentaal (Sign Language of the Netherlands, henceforth NGT), with special focus on the components ‘place of articulation’ and ‘handshape’. I will focus on their multiple functions in the grammar of NGT and argue that the framework of Distributed Morphology (DM), which accounts for word formation in spoken languages, is also suited to account for the formation of structures in sign languages. First I will introduce the phonological and morphological structure of NGT signs. Then, I will briefly outline the major characteristics of the DM framework. Finally, I will account for signs that have the same surface form but have a different morphological structure by means of that framework.
Predicative definite NPIs in Norwegian
Authors: Julien Marit
Published: October 2015

In Norwegian, a weak quantifier or a scalar adjective with a positive value may combine with a definite noun and thereby form an attenuating NPI. These phrases, which I call predicative definite NPIs, are exceptional as nominal phrases, since they do not accept a prenominal definiteness marker despite their overall definiteness, and they are exceptional as attenuating NPIs, since they are templatic instead of being lexically defined.
The reason why predicative definite NPIs do not accept prenominal definiteness markers is arguably that there is no D head. The absence of a D head makes the phrases defective in their ability to refer. Hence, they are semantically predicative, and in the terms of Giannakidou (1998) they are referentially dependent, which is a property that characterises many NPIs in general. Hence, the lack of a D head causes the phrases to be NPIs, despite their definiteness.
Concerning their licensing properties, when three influential theories of NPIlicensing—Progovac (1994), van der Wouden (1997) and Giannakidou (1998)— are confronted with the NPIs discussed here, it appears that Giannakidou’s model more successfully than the others can capture the licensing of predicative definite NPIs, although some refinement is required even here.
Quirky n-words in Polish: NPIs, Negative Qantifiers or neither?
Authors: Jablonska Patrycja
Published: October 2015

The present paper investigates the contexts in which the so-called n-words - the items which are taken to be Negative Polarity Items in Slavic languages - unexpectedly occur without a licensing negation marker on the verb. This particular usage of n-words seems to point towards an ambiguous behaviour of the items in question: in an antimorphic contexts they are NPIs; otherwise they are negative quantifiers with negation having narrow scope w.r.t. the event variable. The paper tries to answer the question why the latter use is restricted to certain adverbials. I argue that the availability of 'logophoric' n-words turns on the issue of what the adverbial PP is predicated of. This intuition is formalized using Higginbothamistic view on l-(exical) syntax, where the nature of $\Theta$-identification of the adverbial with the verb is of fundamental importance. The semantic requirement, however, turns out to be insufficient. Hence the syntactic position of the PP on the hierarchy of thematic roles also has to be taken into consideration. The data analysed include adverbials of manner, reason, time, place, direction, resultatives and depictives.
Classical Armenian declension
Authors: Caha Pavel
Published: October 2015

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This paper looks in detail at the Classical Armenian declension.  I argue that the system provides insights into two central issues in  this empirical domain: the morphosyntactic structure of the forms  which make up a case paradigm, and the fine working of spell-out.  On the empirical side, I highlight a connection between case syncretism and its synthetic vs. analytic expression. More specifically,  case syncretism in the language is restricted by contiguity in a linear  order of cases. In the same ordering, analytic expression of categories  gradually replaces synthetic expression. The technology which is proposed to account for this is a core part of nanosyntax (Starke 2005,  this volume): fine grained syntax, and phrasal spell-out. Particular attention is devoted to the interaction of the Superset Principle  and the “Biggest wins” theorem, two core components of the  nanosyntactic spell-out machinery.<-->
Noun-verb conversion without a generative lexicon
Authors: Lundquist Björn
Published: October 2015

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This paper discusses diﬀerent types of zero-derived de-verbal nominals with a focus on result nominals, simple event nominals and complex event nominals. I argue that zero-derived nominals should be treated on a par with overtly derived nominals. I claim that verbs that have related zero-derived nominals have nominal gender features in their lexical entries in addition to verbal features, like Proc and Res, and that merging a gender feature on top of an event-structure representation results in a nominal. To capture the fact that verbal entries can be inserted in both nominal and verbal contexts, I apply the principle of underattachment, or underassociation, that allows lexical entries to be inserted in the syntax even when not all of the features in the lexical entry are present in the syntax (see e.g. Ramchand 2008 and Caha 2009). In verbal contexts, no gender feature is inserted, and in some of the nominal contexts, only a subset of the verb’s event features are present. I further argue that the only function of overt nominalizing suﬃxes is to lexicalize a gender feature. If the lexical entry of a verb already contains a gender feature, no overt nominalizing suﬃx needs to be inserted. <-->
The union spell-out principle
Authors: Muriungi Peter Kinyua
Published: October 2015

This paper argues that grammar has a union spell-out principle that dictates that contiguous heads be spelled out by a single morpheme or phrase if there exists a morpheme or phrase in the lexicon with a collection of the features of the contiguous heads
Looking for Parametric Correlations within Faroese
Authors: Thráinsson Höskuldur
Published: October 2015

This paper first reviews some parameters that have been suggested to account for variation within Scandinavian, focussing for concreteness on the parameters proposed by Holmberg and Platzack (1995) and Bobaljik and Thráinsson (1998). As this review shows, Faroese is not as well behaved as the parametric approach to Scandinavian syntax would lead us to expect. In addition, the variation found within Faroese syntax is often gradient and not as categorical as the conventional parametric approach to variation would predict. Yet it can be shown that some of the correlations predicted by Holmberg and Platzack’s (1995) Agr Parameter and Bobaljik and Thráinsson’s (1998) Split IP Parameter are found in Faroese syntax and they are turn out to be statistically significant. In the final section it is argued that to account for facts of this sort we need to revise our ideas about parametric variation, language acquisition and the nature of internalized grammars — and that this will be necessary regardless of what we think of the particular formulation of parameters assumed by Holmberg and Platzack on the one hand and Bobaljik and Thráinsson on the other.
Licensing of Instrumental Case in Hindi/Urdu Causatives
Authors: Ramchand Gillian
Published: October 2015

In this paper, I revisit the licensing and interpretation of instrumental case-marked nominals in Hindi/Urdu causative constructions to argue against the hypothesis that the se-marked phrase corresponds to a demoted agent. Rather, I will argue that a more unified analysis of se-phrases can be achieved through an event-structural analysis, in line with the standard interpretation of other adverbials in the syntax. Since the ‘intermediate agent’ interpretation is only possible with indirect causatives in Hindi/Urdu, the event structural analysis proposed here also has implications for the direct vs. indirect causation distinction in the syntax.