bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Balancing home unit visibility and integration in host unit: understanding differences in repatriation adjustment processes
Authors: Haq Hammad Ul , Shin Jiyoung , Cho Hyo Eun , Junge Sophie
Published: July 2023

Purpose

The purpose of this study is to examine the question of whether the repatriation adjustment process varies with different combinations of duration and purpose of international assignments.

Design/methodology/approach

A multiple-case study within one company was conducted based on in-depth interview data.

Findings

The authors find that learning-driven international assignments are more beneficial for career growth and receive better organizational support, as assignees are able to maintain regular communication (visibility) with the home unit. On the other hand, those on demand-driven, long-duration international assignments need to have a closer connection (integration) with employees in the host unit and find it challenging to maintain high visibility in the home unit simultaneously.

Originality/value

The authors contribute to existing research by highlighting that demand-driven assignees on longer assignments face greater challenges upon returning home. In addition, expatriates on short-term assignments face drastically fewer challenges than expatriates on longer assignments.
Analytics and baseball card values
Authors: Thompson Thomas H. , Sen Kabir Chandra
Published: July 2023

Purpose

The authors contrast Beckett and Professional Sports Authenticator (PSA) baseball card valuations. Also, the authors contrast the Bill James statistics for winshares (WIN) and reference.com statistics for wins above replacement (WAR).

Design/methodology/approach

This study examines the impact of analytics on Topps 1957 baseball card values.

Findings

The authors' examination of variables that influence Topps 1957 baseball card values yields similar results for mint and very good rated cards over the early period (1982), pre-strike (1989), post-strike (1998) and recent (2009) periods. In single variable and multiple regressions, Baseball Hall of Fame (HOF) membership and New York Yankee (NYY) nostalgia coefficient are significant at the 5% level or higher for mint and very good rated cards over all reported periods. The Brooklyn Dodger (BD) parameter is significant at the 5% level or higher in single variable regressions for all reported periods and for 1982 and 1989 for multiple regressions. Reflecting a lack of nostalgia, the New York Giant card coefficients are statistically insignificant over all periods. Also, the authors see a lack of negative bias for Black-player cards. The authors observe that Black-player card coefficients are positive and sometimes statistically significant. This indicates a positive relationship between Black-player cards and prices.

Originality/value

This is the first study to examine the impact of WINS and WAR analytics on baseball card values.
Reclaiming space in family histories: impressionistic memory work as a feminist approach to historiography and storytelling
Authors: Boncori Ilaria , Williams Kristin Samantha
Published: July 2023

Purpose

This article explores memory work and storytelling as an organising tool through family histories, offering theoretical and methodological implications and extending existing conceptualisations of memory work as a feminist method. This approach is termed as impressionist memory work.

Design/methodology/approach

To illustrate impressionistic memory work in action, the article presents two family histories set during Second World War and invite the reader to engage in the “undoing” of these stories and dominant ways of knowing through storytelling. This method challenges the taken-for-granted roles, plots and detail of family histories to uncover the obscured or silenced stories within, together with feminine, affective and embodied subjectivities, marginalisation and social inequalities.

Findings

This study argues that impressionistic memory work as a feminist method can challenge the silencing and gendering of experiences in co-constructed and co-interpreted narratives (both formal and informal ones).

Originality/value

This study shows that engagement with impressionistic memory work can challenge taken-for-granted stories with prominent male actors and masculine narratives to reveal the female actors and feminine narratives within. This approach will offer a more inclusive perspective on family histories and deeper engagement with the marginalised or neglected actors and aspects of our histories.
Online consumer reviews of a sport product: an alternative path to understanding brand associations
Authors: Williams Antonio S. , Heo Yoon , Choi Jun Woo , Pedersen Zack P. , Byon Kevin K.
Published: July 2023

Purpose

This study aims to explore the use of consumer-generated online product reviews as a source of brand associations in a sport setting.

Design/methodology/approach

A total of 800 reviews were collected and categorized into 13 brand association dimensions derived from previous literature. Reviews were further categorized into three valence types (i.e. positive, negative and neutral) via a correspondence analysis.

Findings

A correspondence analysis revealed that positive product reviews were highly linked to performance and product-related attributes, while negative reviews were related to conformance associations. Additionally, the results showed that product-related (90.8%) attributes, experiential benefits (89.1%) and functional benefits (86.6%) were the most frequently communicated brand associations. The findings of this study underline the credibility of assessing brand associations from the consumers’ experience, through online consumer reviews.

Originality/value

The findings of the current investigation contribute to existing knowledge by examining consumer-based brand equity (CBBE) in an online setting. Previous, CBBE literature suggests that brand associations are held in the minds of the brand's consumers. To date, however, few studies have examined brand associations generated by consumers and instead have relied upon brand association dimensions developed by the researcher as opposed to the consumer (Ross et al., 2006). This, study however, utilized online sport product reviews as a source of consumer derived brand associations, and, therefore, will further the knowledge as to how brand associations are identified and measured.
A systematic approach to improve downstream single‐cell analysis for the DEPArray™ technology
Authors: Schulte Janine , Marciano Michael A. , Scheurer Eva , Schulz Iris
Published: July 2023

Most commercially available STR amplification kits have never been fully validated for low template DNA analysis, highlighting the need for testing different PCR kits and conditions for improving single‐cell profiling. Here, current strategies rely mainly on adjusting PCR cycle number and analytical threshold settings, with a strong preference for using 30 amplification cycles and thresholds at 30–150 RFU for allele detection. This study aimed to (1) determine appropriate conditions for obtaining informative profiles utilizing a dilution series, and (2) test the outcome on single cells using the DEPArray™ technology. Four routinely applied forensic STR kits were compared by using three different amplification volumes and DNA dilutions down to 3.0 pg, while two well‐performing kits were used for single/pooled leucocyte and sperm cell genotyping. Besides reduced costs, the results demonstrate that a 50%–75% PCR volume reduction was beneficial for peak height evaluation. However, this was counteracted by an increased artifact generation in diluted DNA volumes. Regarding profile completeness, the advantage of volume reduction was only prominent in samples processed with Fusion 6C. For single and pooled cells, ESIFast and NGMDetect provided a solid basis for consensus profiling regarding locus failure, although locus dropouts were generally observed as stochastic events. Amplification volume of 12.5 μL was confirmed as appropriate in terms of peak heights and stutter frequencies, with increased stutter peaks being the main artifact in single‐cell profiles. Limitations associated with these analyses are discussed, providing a solid foundation for further studies on low template DNA.
The secretome of Thermococcus barophilus in the presence of carbohydrates and the potential role of the TrmBL4 regulator
Authors: Batour Maria , Laurent Sébastien , Moalic Yann , Chamieh Hala , Taha Samir , Jebbar Mohamed
Published: July 2023

Global transcriptional regulators are crucial for supporting rapid adaptive responses in changing environments. In Thermococcales, the TrmB sugar‐sensing regulator family is well represented but knowledge of the functional role/s of each of its members is limited. In this study, we examined the link between TrmBL4 and the degree of protein secretion in different sugar environments in the hyperthermophilic Archaeon Thermococcus barophilus. Although the absence of TrmBL4 did not induce any growth defects, proteomics analysis revealed different secretomes depending on the sugar and/or genetic contexts. Notably, 33 secreted proteins present in the supernatant were differentially detected. Some of these proteins are involved in sugar assimilation and transport, such as the protein encoded by TERMP_01455 (cyclomaltodextrin glucanotransferase), whereas others have intracellular functions, such as the protein encoded by TERMP_01556 (pyruvate: ferredoxin oxidoreductase Δsubunit). Then, using reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction experiments, we observed effective transcription regulation by TrmBL4 of the genes encoding at least two ABC‐type transporters according to sugar availability.
The impact of cannabis legalization and decriminalization on acute poisoning: A systematic review
Authors: Allaf Sara , Lim Jessy S. , Buckley Nicholas A. , Cairns Rose
Published: July 2023

Background and Aims

Many countries have recently legalized medicinal and recreational cannabis. With increasing use and access come the potential for harms. We aimed to examine the effect of cannabis legalization/decriminalization on acute poisoning.

Methods

A systematic review and meta‐analysis registered with PROSPERO (CRD42022323437). We searched Embase, Medline, Scopus and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials from inception to March 2022. No restrictions on language, age or geography were applied. Abstracts from three main clinical toxicology conferences were hand‐searched. Included studies had to report on poisonings before and after changes in cannabis legislation, including legalization and decriminalization of medicinal and recreational cannabis. Where possible, relative risk (RR) of poisoning after legalization (versus before) was calculated and pooled. Risk of bias was assessed with ROBINS‐I.

Results

Of the 1065 articles retrieved, 30 met inclusion criteria (including 10 conference abstracts). Studies used data from the United States, Canada and Thailand. Studies examined legalization of medicinal cannabis (n = 14) and decriminalization or legalization of recreational cannabis (n = 21). Common data sources included poisons centre records (n = 18) and hospital presentations/admissions (n = 15, individual studies could report multiple intervention types and multiple data sources). Most studies (n = 19) investigated paediatric poisoning. Most (n = 24) reported an increase in poisonings; however, the magnitude varied greatly. Twenty studies were included in quantitative analysis, with RRs ranging from 0.81 to 29.00. Our pooled estimate indicated an increase in poisoning after legalization [RR = 3.56, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 2.43–5.20], which was greater in studies that focused on paediatric patients (RR = 4.31, 95% CI = 2.30–8.07).

Conclusions

Most studies on the effect of medicinal or recreational cannabis legalization/decriminalization on acute poisoning reported a rise in cannabis poisoning after legalization/decriminalization. Most evidence is from US legalization, despite legalization and decriminalization in many countries.
Degree of expression of inflammatory proteins in the amniotic cavity, but not prior obstetric history, is associated with the risk severity for spontaneous preterm birth after rescue cerclage for cervical insufficiency
Authors: Park Kyo Hoon , Lee Kyong‐No , Im Eun Mi , Cho Iseop , Oh Eunji , Choi Bo Young
Published: July 2023

Problem

To examine whether the severity of spontaneous preterm birth (SPTB) risk after rescue cerclage for acute cervical insufficiency (CI) is linked to the degree of inflammatory response in the amniotic fluid (AF) based on the concentrations of various inflammatory proteins and prior obstetric history.

Method of study

We conducted a retrospective cohort study of 65 singleton pregnant women (17–25 weeks) who underwent rescue cerclage following the diagnosis of acute CI and were subjected to amniocentesis. EN‐RAGE, IL‐6, IL‐8, and IP‐10 as inflammatory mediators and kallistatin, MMP‐2/8, and uPA as extracellular matrix remodeling‐related molecules were assayed in the AF using ELISA. The level of each inflammatory mediator was divided into quartiles.

Results

Intra‐amniotic inflammation (IAI; AF IL‐6 level ≥2.6 ng/mL) was independently associated with SPTB after cerclage placement. The odds of SPTB at < 32 weeks, even after adjusting for confounders, increased significantly with each increasing quartile of baseline AF levels for each inflammatory mediator (p for trend < .05). Kaplan‐Meier survival curves showed that the cerclage‐to‐delivery intervals were significantly shorter as the quartiles of AF EN‐RAGE and MMP‐8 increased (log‐rank test, p < .01 each). Neither previous term birth nor prior PTB was associated with SPTB risk or cerclage‐to‐delivery interval after rescue cerclage. Multiparous women who experience CI after term birth showed significantly elevated levels of MMP‐8 and reduced kallistatin levels in the AF.

Conclusion

In patients with CI, SPTB risk (especially risk severity) after rescue cerclage is associated with the degree of the inflammatory response in AF as well as the presence of IAI but not with prior obstetric history.
Editorial: The interplay of bile acids and the heart—another piece in the puzzle of cirrhotic cardiomyopathy
Authors: Kinno Menhel , Izzy Manhal
Published: July 2023

LINKED CONTENT

This article is linked to Wiese et al paper. To view this article, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.17533
Editorial: Feeling better about NASH
Authors: Di Bisceglie Adrian M.
Published: July 2023

LINKED CONTENT

This article is linked to Romero Gomez et al papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.17598 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.17641
Editorial: The use of Baveno VI and VII criteria for portal hypertension and varices in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma—Authors' reply
Authors: Allaire Manon , Thabut Dominique
Published: July 2023

LINKED CONTENT

This article is linked to Allaire et al papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.17599 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.17626
Food programs in Indigenous communities within northern Canada: A scoping review
Authors: Ramirez Prieto Maria , Sallans Alissa , Ostertag Sonja , Wesche Sonia , Kenny Tiff‐Annie , Skinner Kelly
Published: July 2023

Recognizing that limited literature exists regarding food programs in northern Indigenous communities within Canada, this study draws on a range of sources to map and characterize existing food programs in these contexts. A secondary aim assessed the extent to which traditional food was offered through the identified programs, which has implications for cultural appropriateness and, in turn, food sovereignty. Peer‐reviewed articles and grey literature published between 2000 and 2022 were examined. Frameworks to guide methodologies include PRISMA‐ScR, Arksey and O'Malley, Levac et al., and Godin et al.'s grey literature search strategy. Inclusion criteria were food programs located north of the Northern Boundary Line, programs providing food access, and programs serving Indigenous communities. Data were synthesized based on program type, target population, and whether the program offered or incorporated traditional food. The review yielded 30 records wherein 46 unique food programs were identified and characterized into eight distinct program types. Program success of the identified programs depended on funding availability and continuity, staff/volunteer availability and retention (including program champions), and types of policies that impact traditional food provision. Findings are valuable to organizations and communities interested in using food programs to support Indigenous food security and sovereignty efforts.
The effects of abiotic enrichment and predator training on the behavior, morphology, and survival of a species of conservation concern
Authors: Kopack Christopher J. , Fetherman Eric R. , Broder E. Dale , Fitzpatrick Ryan M. , Angeloni Lisa M.
Published: July 2023

Conservation practitioners often rely on captive breeding programs to supplement wild populations at risk of extinction. While supplementation has been successful for some taxa, the success of using hatchery fish to supplement wild populations is severely impacted by predation. Elevated predation on hatchery fish may arise because hatchery environments often differ from wild environments and constrain the ability of hatchery fish to be adapted to the environments in which they are released. We assessed the effects of abiotic enrichment on the expression of behavioral and morphological phenotypes across three populations of a species of conservation concern, the Arkansas darter (Etheostoma cragini). We also used a factorial approach to assess whether abiotic enrichment and predator training increases survival during encounters with a novel predator. We found that abiotic enrichment affected ecomorphological attributes associated with fins; generally, measures of the caudal and pectoral fin decreased in the treatment group compared to the control treatment. Behaviorally, darters reared with abiotic enrichment increased feeding and decreased movement compared to the control group. Importantly, we found that in combination with predator training, abiotic enrichment increased the probability of surviving first encounters with a predator. We therefore recommend conservation practitioners incorporate abiotic enrichment and predator training in hatchery programs. Captive breeding programs are used to supplement wild populations at risk of extinction, but hatchery‐reared fish often do not survive after release. Using the threatened Arkansas darter, we show that abiotic enrichment and predator training of hatchery populations impact behavior and morphology and increase the probability of surviving first encounters with a non‐native predator.
The natural history of lions in North Africa and the relevance of their depiction in the “Lions Attacking a Dromedary” diorama
Authors: Fellous‐Djardini Amina , Yamaguchi Nobuyuki , Al Hikmani Hadi , Haddane Brahim , Black Simon A.
Published: July 2023

The diorama “Lions Attacking a Dromedary” is notorious, not just as a remarkable 19th century example of taxidermy, but also its controversial representation of human culture and animals, its questionable accuracy and the murky ethics of the materials sourced for its construction. This study examines whether the diorama is a reasonable representation of the Barbary lion in North Africa. We review the history of lions in North Africa and their interaction with humans in the 19th and 20th centuries. The ecology and biology of North African lions, supported by scientific knowledge of the species, enables assessment of the value of diorama depiction, whether it is realistic and informative, or an artistic interpretation, or mere fiction. Furthermore, if the depiction is fictional, whether the representation is entirely unrepresentative, or at worst a stereotypic fabrication based on Western colonial perspectives of the 1800s. The paper does not explore cultural aspects, although refers to the experiences of people in local communities as well as colonial visitors through 150 documented accounts of lions in the region (modern day Morocco, Algeria, and Tunisia) between 1830 and 1960. The analysis explores whether real experiences are reflected in the depiction presented in the diorama and identifies that some aspects of the exhibit can be considered authentic, while others appear to emphasize drama rather than lived reality. Recommendations are offered for well‐informed future presentation of “Lions Attacking a Dromedary.”
Performing museography: A practice‐led research for art museums, conducted at MUVE, Fondazione dei Musei Civici di Venezia
Authors: Scarso Jacek Ludwig
Published: July 2023

This contribution explores the relationship between performance and art museum practice, through a creative practice‐led approach, as part of a collaboration with MUVE, Fondazione dei Musei Civici in Venice. The focus here is on the exploration of performance opportunities embedded in the museography of the case study institutions, encompassing both artistic and curatorial considerations. Through a reflection on current challenges faced by such institutions and through speculative implementation of creative practice ideas, the argument here is that, as museums have re‐opened their doors to the public in the aftermath of COVID‐19, their performance activation may be crucial in reclaiming their role as physical contexts for cultural dialogue. Performance provides a useful lens to explore and re‐imagine the experience of visitors, emphasizing their subjective positionality and their inter‐relational connections with each other, with the collection and with the museographic configuration of the space.
Secondary leaflet tethering in patients with severe degenerative mitral regurgitation and its association with the severity of mitral regurgitation
Authors: Ge Zhenyi , Hu Chunqiang , Zhao Yingjie , Tian Fangyan , Wang Yongshi , Kong Dehong , Li Wei , Xie Yashu , Ge Zhengdan , Fulati Zibire , Cheng Yufei , Guo Yao , Jiang Yingying , Pan Cuizhen , Shu Xianhong
Published: July 2023

Background

The purpose of the study was to determine the association between vena contracta area (VCA) and secondary leaflet tethering among mitral valve prolapse (MVP) patients, and thus to further identify and characterize an MVP with pathological leaflet tethering (MVPt+) phenotype.

Methods

We prospectively evaluated 94 consecutive MVP patients with significant mitral regurgitation (MR) and 21 healthy controls. MVPt+ group was defined as tenting volume index (TVi) > .7 mL/m2. The three‐dimensional (3D) geometry of mitral valve apparatus and VCA was measured with dedicated quantification software.

Results

Of the 94 patients with MVP and significant MR, 31 patients showed a TVi > .7 mL/m2 and entered the MVP with leaflet tethering (MVPt+) group. In stepwise multivariate analysis, only prolapse volume index and TVi were independently associated with 3D VCA. 3D VCA, annular area index, and plasma levels of NT‐proBNP were independently correlated with the severity of leaflet tethering. ROC curve revealed that a 3D VCA ≥ .55 cm2 is the optimal cutoff point to predict MVPt+ phenotype.

Conclusions

Secondary leaflet tethering is a significant mechanism behind severe degenerative MR, resulting in an MVPt+ phenotype featuring more advanced morphological and hemodynamical characteristics.
Clinical and dopaminergic imaging characteristics of the FARPRESTO cohort of trial‐ready idiopathic rapid eye movement sleep behavior patients
Authors: Arnaldi Dario , Mattioli Pietro , Pardini Matteo , Morbelli Silvia , Capriglia Elena , Rubino Annalisa , Rustioni Valter , Terzaghi Michele , Casaglia Elisa , Serra Alessandra , Figorilli Michela , Liguori Claudio , Fernandes Mariana , Placidi Fabio , Baldelli Luca , Provini Federica , Ferini‐Strambi Luigi , Marelli Sara , Plazzi Giuseppe , Antelmi Elena , Brunetti Valerio , Bonanni Enrica , Puligheddu Monica ,   for the FARPRESTO Consortium
Published: July 2023

Introduction

Idiopathic/isolated rapid eye movement (REM) sleep behavior disorder (iRBD) is considered the prodromal stage of alpha‐synucleinopathies. Thus, iRBD patients are the ideal target for disease‐modifying therapy. The risk FActoRs PREdictive of phenoconversion in iRBD Italian STudy (FARPRESTO) is an ongoing Italian database aimed at identifying risk factors of phenoconversion, and eventually to ease clinical trial enrollment of well‐characterized subjects.

Methods

Polysomnography‐confirmed iRBD patients were retrospectively and prospectively enrolled. Baseline harmonized clinical and nigrostriatal functioning data were collected at baseline. Nigrostriatal functioning was evaluated by dopamine transporter‐single‐photon emission computed tomography (DaT‐SPECT) and categorized with visual semi‐quantification. Longitudinal data were evaluated to assess phenoconversion. Cox regressions were applied to calculate hazard ratios.

Results

365 patients were enrolled, and 289 patients with follow‐up (age 67.7 ± 7.3 years, 237 males, mean follow‐up 40 ± 37 months) were included in this study. At follow‐up, 97 iRBD patients (33.6%) phenoconverted to an overt synucleinopathy. Older age, motor and cognitive impairment, constipation, urinary and sexual dysfunction, depression, and visual semi‐quantification of nigrostriatal functioning predicted phenoconversion. The remaining 268 patients are in follow‐up within the FARPRESTO project.

Conclusions

Clinical data (older age, motor and cognitive impairment, constipation, urinary and sexual dysfunction, depression) predicted phenoconversion in this multicenter, longitudinal, observational study. A standardized visual approach for semi‐quantification of DaT‐SPECT is proposed as a practical risk factor for phenoconversion in iRBD patients. Of note, non‐converted and newly diagnosed iRBD patients, who represent a trial‐ready cohort for upcoming disease‐modification trials, are currently being enrolled and followed in the FARPRESTO study. New data are expected to allow better risk characterization.
A quality improvement initiative to improve folic acid supplementation counseling for adolescent females with epilepsy
Authors: Molisani Sara E. , Parikh Darshana , DiGiovine Marissa , Dlugos Dennis , Fitzgerald Mark P. , Fried Lawrence , Helbig Ingo , Kessler Sudha Kilaru , McDonnell Pamela Pojomovsky , Melamed Susan , Prelack Marisa S. , Sharif Uzma , Tefft Sarah , Tencer Jaclyn , Witzman Stephanie , Shaw Kathy , Abend Nicholas S.
Published: July 2023

Objective

We designed a quality improvement (QI) project to improve rates of documented folic acid supplementation counseling for adolescent females with epilepsy, consistent with a quality measure from the American Academy of Neurology and American Epilepsy Society. Our SMART aim was to increase the percentage of visits at which folic acid counseling was addressed from our baseline rate of 23% to 50% by July 1, 2020.

Methods

This initiative was conducted in female patients ≥12 years old with epilepsy who were prescribed daily antiseizure medication and were seen by the 13 providers in our Neurology QI Program. Using provider interviews, we undertook a root cause analysis of low counseling rates and identified the following main factors: insufficient time during clinic visit to counsel, lack of provider knowledge, and forgetting to counsel. Countermeasures were designed to address these main root causes and were implemented through iterative plan–do–study–act (PDSA) cycles. Interventions included provider education and features within the electronic health record, which were introduced sequentially, culminating in the creation of a best practice advisory (BPA). We performed biweekly chart reviews of visits for applicable patients to establish baseline performance rate and track progress over time. We used a statistical process control p‐chart to analyze the outcome measure of documented counseling. As a balancing measure, clinicians were surveyed using the Technology Adoption Model survey to assess acceptance of the BPA.

Results

From September 2019 to August 2022, the QI team improved rates of documented folic acid counseling from 23% to 73% through several PDSA cycles. This level of performance has been sustained over time. The most successful and sustainable intervention was the BPA. Provider acceptance of the BPA was overall positive.

Significance

We successfully used QI methodology to improve and sustain our rates of documented folic acid supplementation counseling for adolescent females with epilepsy.
Creating rare epilepsy cohorts using keyword search in electronic health records
Authors: Barbour Kristen , Tian Niu , Yozawitz Elissa G. , Wolf Steven , McGoldrick Patricia E. , Sands Tristan T. , Nelson Aaron , Basma Natasha , Grinspan Zachary M.
Published: July 2023

Objective

Administrative codes to identify people with rare epilepsies in electronic health records are limited. The current study evaluated the use of keyword search as an alternative method for rare epilepsy cohort creation using electronic health records data.

Methods

Data included clinical notes from encounters with International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision (ICD‐9) codes for seizures, epilepsy, and/or convulsions during 2010–2014, across six health care systems in New York City. We identified cases with rare epilepsies by searching clinical notes for keywords associated with 33 rare epilepsies. We validated cases via manual chart review. We compared the performance of keyword search to manual chart review using positive predictive value (PPV), sensitivity, and F‐score. We selected an initial combination of keywords using the highest F‐scores.

Results

Data included clinical notes from 77 924 cases with ICD‐9 codes for seizures, epilepsy, and/or convulsions. The all‐keyword search method identified 6095 candidates, and manual chart review confirmed that 2068 (34%) had a rare epilepsy. The initial combination method identified 1862 cases with a rare epilepsy, and this method performed as follows: PPV median = .64 (interquartile range [IQR] = .50–.81, range = .20–1.00), sensitivity median = .93 (IQR = .76–1.00, range = .10–1.00), and F‐score median = .71 (IQR = .63–.85, range = .18–1.00). Using this method, we identified four cohorts of rare epilepsies with over 100 individuals, including infantile spasms, Lennox–Gastaut syndrome, Rett syndrome, and tuberous sclerosis complex. We identified over 50 individuals with two rare epilepsies that do not have specific ICD‐10 codes for cohort creation (epilepsy with myoclonic atonic seizures, Sturge–Weber syndrome).

Significance

Keyword search is an effective method for cohort creation. These findings can improve identification and surveillance of individuals with rare epilepsies and promote their referral to specialty clinics, clinical research, and support groups.
The E3 ligase DTX2 inhibits RUNX1 function by binding its C terminus and prevents the growth of RUNX1‐dependent leukemia cells
Authors: Yonezawa Taishi , Takahashi Hirotaka , Hao Yangying , Furukawa Chie , Tsuchiya Akiho , Zhang Wenyu , Fukushima Tsuyoshi , Fukuyama Tomofusa , Sawasaki Tatsuya , Kitamura Toshio , Goyama Susumu
Published: July 2023

Transcription factor RUNX1 plays important roles in hematopoiesis and leukemogenesis. RUNX1 function is tightly controlled through posttranslational modifications, including ubiquitination and acetylation. However, its regulation via ubiquitination, especially proteasome‐independent ubiquitination, is poorly understood. We previously identified DTX2 as a RUNX1‐interacting E3 ligase using a cell‐free AlphaScreen assay. In this study, we examined whether DTX2 is involved in the regulation of RUNX1 using in vitro and ex vivo analyses. DTX2 bound to RUNX1 and other RUNX family members RUNX2 and RUNX3 through their C‐terminal region. DTX2‐induced RUNX1 ubiquitination did not result in RUNX1 protein degradation. Instead, we found that the acetylation of RUNX1, which is known to enhance the transcriptional activity of RUNX1, was inhibited in the presence of DTX2. Concomitantly, DTX2 reduced the RUNX1‐induced activation of an MCSFR luciferase reporter. We also found that DTX2 induced RUNX1 cytoplasmic mislocalization. Moreover, DTX2 overexpression showed a substantial growth‐inhibitory effect in RUNX1‐dependent leukemia cell lines. Thus, our findings indicate a novel aspect of the ubiquitination and acetylation of RUNX1 that is modulated by DTX2 in a proteosome‐independent manner.
Using a theoretically informed process evaluation alongside a trial to improve oral health for care home residents
Authors: Hendry Annie , Baker Sarah R. , Tsakos Georgios , McKenna Gerald , Jenkins Alison , Syed Saif Sayeed , Harvey Michelle , Mirza Afshan , Morgan Lorraine , Brocklehurst Paul R.
Published: July 2023

Background

Poor oral health is common among older adults residing in care homes impacting their diet, quality of life, self‐esteem, general health and well‐being. The care home setting is complex and many factors may affect the successful implementation of oral care interventions. Exploring these factors and their embedded context is key to understanding how and why interventions may or may not be successfully implemented within their intended setting.

Objectives

This methodology paper describes the approach to a theoretically informed process evaluation alongside a pragmatic randomised controlled trial, so as to understand contextual factors, how the intervention was implemented and important elements that may influence the pathways to impact.

Materials and methods

SENIOR is a pragmatic randomised controlled trial designed to improve the oral health of care home residents in the United Kingdom. The trial uses a complex intervention to promote and provide oral care for residents, including education and training for staff.

Results

An embedded, theoretically informed process evaluation, drawing on the PAHRIS framework and utilising a qualitative approach, will help to understand the important contextual factors within the care home that influence both the trial processes and the implementation of the intervention.

Conclusion

Utilising an implementation framework as the basis for a theoretically informed process evaluation provides an approach that specifically focuses on the contextual factors that may influence and shape the pathways to impact a given complex intervention a priori, while also providing an understanding of how and why an intervention may be effective. This contrasts with the more common post hoc approach that only focuses on implementation after the empirical results have emerged.
Genome‐wide association study of Helicobacter pylori serological status in Latin American children
Authors: Lima Iasmin Souza , da Silva Thiago Magalhães , Weiss Stefan , Homuth Georg , Lerch Markus M. , Figueiredo Camila A. , Alcantara‐Neves Neuza Maria , Barreto Maurício Lima , Marques Cintia Rodrigues
Published: July 2023

Background

Few genome‐wide association studies (GWAS) on Helicobacter pylori infection susceptibility have been conducted for admixed populations from developing countries. Here, we performed a GWAS to identify genetic factors associated with H. pylori serostatus in a cohort of admixed children from a large Latin American urban center.

Methods

A cross‐sectional study involving 1161 children from 4 to 11 years old living in poor areas of Salvador, in northeastern Brazil. Logistic regression analysis was performed to detect associations between single‐nucleotide variants (SNVs) and H. pylori seropositivity, assuming an additive genetic model. Enrichment analyses were conducted using the MAGMA v1.10 software.

Results

We found 22 SNVs to be suggestively associated (p < 10−5) with H. pylori seropositivity. The most suggestive SNV was the rs77955022 (p = 4.83e‐07) located in an intronic region of EXOC3 at 5p15.33. The second most suggestively associated SNV was rs10914996 (p = 8.97e‐07), located in an intergenic region at 1p34.3. Furthermore, we were able to replicate three SNVs (p < 0.05) in the Study of Health in Pomerania (SHIP) cohort: the rs2339212 and rs4795970, both located at 17q12 near TMEM132E, as well as the rs6595814, an intronic variant of FBN2 at 5q23.3. The enrichment analysis indicated the participation of genes and metabolic pathways related to the regulation of the digestive system and gastric acid secretion in the risk of seropositivity for H. pylori.

Conclusions

Additional studies are required to validate these association findings in larger population samples and to get insight into the underlying physiological mechanisms.
Correlation of CTLA‐4 polymorphism and the risk of gastric cancer in a Chinese Bai population
Authors: Yan Ping , Kong Shan , Zheng Yong , Cheng Mingjing , Zhao Weidong
Published: July 2023

Cytotoxic T lymphocyte‐associated antigen‐4 (CTLA‐4) is involved in the regulation of immune responses mediated by T cells. This study aimed to explore the correlation between CTLA‐4 gene polymorphisms and the risk of gastric cancer (GC) in the Bai minority population of southwestern China. A total of 422 GC patients and 397 healthy controls (HC) were included in this case–control study. Four single nucleotide polymorphism sites of CTLA‐4 gene (rs231775, rs733618, rs16840252 and rs3087243) were selected and analysed. The results showed a significant difference in the rs733618 loci between GC and HC groups. The frequency of the rs733618 polymorphism ‘TC’ genotype was significantly lower in GC group compared to the HC group [odds ratio (OR), 95% confidence interval (CI): .47 (.35–.63), p < .001]. GC cases with dominant genetic model ‘TC + CC’ had a 47% reduced risk of GC [OR, 95%CI: .53 (.40–.71), p < .001]. Subgroup analyses revealed that the rs733618 ‘TC + CC’ genotype was associated with a lower risk of GC in male patients [OR, 95%CI: .42 (.31–.58), p < .001], those aged ≤60 years old [OR, 95%CI: .27 (.18–.42), p < .001], non‐drinkers [OR, 95%CI: .21 (.13–.33), p < .001], non‐smokers [OR, 95%CI: .38 (.25–.57), p < .001] and individuals without Helicobacter pylori infection [OR, 95%CI: .16 (.10–.26), p < .001]. Further multivariated analyses indicated that individuals with the ‘TC + CC’ rs733618 genotype who were aged ≤60 years old [OR, 95%CI: .42 (.29–.83), p = .032] and had no H. pylori infection [OR, 95%CI: .35 (.28–.76), p = .018] were found to have a protective effect against GC. Additionally, soluble CTLA‐4 were significantly lower in GC patients with ‘TC’ and ‘TC + CC’ genotypes (all p < .05). Our findings suggest that the rs733618 polymorphism of CTLA‐4 gene may play a critical role in the prevention of GC.
Quantifying euryhaline histories in red drum Sciaenops ocellatus: Scale isotope ratios
Authors: Taulbee Ethan J. , Walther Benjamin D.
Published: July 2023

Stable isotope analysis of fish muscle tissue has been used to quantify fish migratory behavior in many systems, and these chemical tracers are especially useful for euryhaline fishes that traverse significant salinities and gradients in baseline signatures. However, the removal of muscle tissues often requires lethal sampling. Fish scales may be removed non‐lethally and offer potential alternatives to stable isotope ratios from muscle to indicate recent feeding histories. For this study, red drum Sciaenops ocellatus were collected in subtropical estuaries in the northwestern Gulf of Mexico and analyzed for stable isotope (𝛿13C and 𝛿15N) compositions of scale exteriors. Decalcification of scale samples was deemed unnecessary given the preservation of linearity and minimal offsets between paired decalcified and untreated scale samples. Stable isotope signatures of muscle tissue and scales were closely matched and indicated high degrees of residence within bays at fine spatial scales. This study also surveyed the existing body of literature comparing scale and muscle isotope values from the same individuals and found that the majority reports linear relationships with slopes close to unity, although species‐specific offsets and intercepts vary. This work expands the body of literature indicating that scales are a viable non‐lethal alternative for stable isotope assessments of dietary and habitat use histories for mobile fishes.
Mediastinal T‐cell lymphoma in a free‐ranging brown howler monkey (Alouatta guariba clamitans)
Authors: de Souza Alex Junior Souza , da Silva Victor Lopes , de Sá Lilian Rose Marques
Published: July 2023

A free‐ranging brown howler monkey (Atelidae: Alouatta guariba clamitans) was necropsied and a mediastinal T‐cell lymphoma and esophageal dilation were diagnosed. The case report may contribute to the differential diagnosis of neoplastic and esophageal lesions in non‐human primates and highlighted the importance of surveillance of cancer in wildlife.
Family resiliency in the aftermath of COVID‐19 pandemic: A latent profile analysis
Authors: Barton Allen W. , Larsen Noah B. , Gong Qiujie , Stanley Scott M.
Published: July 2023

Objective

This brief report was designed to understand resilience in families 2 years after the onset of the COVID‐19 pandemic.

Background

The COVID‐19 pandemic has had well‐documented adverse effects on individuals and families. However, some studies have found null, or even positive, effects within aspects of family life. These mixed results suggest the potential for resilience in families, yet few studies have empirically investigated this possibility.

Methods

A sample of 593 parents (53% female) that were married or in a romantic relationship participated in a nationwide survey in September 2022; individuals were recruited via the research survey firm Prolific. Latent profile analysis was used to identify typologies of family adjustment following the pandemic and predictors of group membership.

Results

A three‐group solution was identified, with groups labeled as stable family functioning (n = 286; 48% of the sample), improved family functioning (n = 250; 42%), and worsened family functioning (n = 57; 10%). Predictors of group membership indicated significant differences across all three groups in respondents' levels of cohesive family mindset. Select group differences were also observed in levels of couple communication, partner gratitude, perceived stress, and loneliness.

Conclusion

Findings provide empirical support for the occurrence of resilience in families in the wake of the COVID‐19 pandemic. Predictors of group membership provide insights into sources of family resilience and areas to target in family‐based interventions designed to support families under stress.
A discrete, stochastic model of colonial phytoplankton population size structure: Development and application to in situ imaging‐in‐flow cytometer observations of Dinobryon
Authors: Tapics Tara , Sosik Heidi M. , Huot Yannick
Published: July 2023

The scientific community lacks models for the dynamic changes in population size structure that occur in colonial phytoplankton. This is surprising, as size is a key trait affecting many aspects of phytoplankton ecology, and colonial forms are very common. We aim to fill this gap with a new discrete, stochastic model of dynamic changes in phytoplankton colonies' population size structure. We use the colonial phytoplankton Dinobryon as a proof‐of‐concept organism. The model includes four stochastic functions—division, stomatocyst production, colony breakage, and colony loss—to determine Dinobryon population size structure and populations counts. Although the functions presented here are tailored to Dinobryon, the model is readily adaptable to represent other colonial taxa. We demonstrate how fitting our model to in situ observations of colony population size structure can provide a powerful approach to explore colony size dynamics. Here, we have (1) collected high‐frequency in situ observations of Dinobryon in Lac (Lake) Montjoie (Quebec, Canada) in 2013 with a moored Imaging FlowCytobot (IFCB) and (2) fit the model to those observations with a genetic algorithm solver that extracts parameter estimates for each of the four stochastic functions. As an example of the power of this model‐data integration, we also highlight ecological insights into Dinobryon colony size and stomatocyst production. The Dinobryon population was enriched in larger, flagellate‐rich colonies near bloom initiation and shifted to smaller and emptier colonies toward bloom decline.
Reflections on the Emerging Theology of Synodality
Authors: Phillips Jacob
Published: July 2023

This paper works from the ITC document, Synodality in the Life and Mission of the Church (2018), to outline four essential components of an emergent theology of synodality: the claim that synodality is constitutive of the Church, an ecclesiology of communion, the ecclesial title People of God, and the sensus fidei. The paper then critically assesses the interplay of these four elements in the ITC document, along with the Vademecum and the Preparatory Document which were disseminated with the beginning of the synodal process itself (2021). Certain issues from this interplay, it is argued, require further reflection as this emergent theology develops: the theological weight of consensus, the degree to which belonging to the Church is (or is not) essentially discursive in character, how the sensus fidei seems to imply that the practice of the faith is an integral element of meaningful synodal participation by Catholics, and indeed, finally, the participation of those who do not bear the name of Christian.
Managing ubiquitous ‘forever chemicals’: More‐than‐human possibilities for the problem of PFAS
Authors: Buttle Eleanor , Sharp Emma L. , Fisher Karen
Published: July 2023

We provide a perspective on the ubiquity of PFAS (a suite of unique per‐ and polyfluoroalkyl substances, or ‘forever chemicals’) as toxic, pervasive and environmentally persistent more‐than‐human agents. We situate our discussion of these more‐than‐human contaminants in our location of Aotearoa New Zealand (NZ), a post‐production, post‐consumption contaminated site. We therefore make an Antipodean contribution to PFAS research—a predominantly North American/European body of work—providing an account of the specific landmasses, cultural contexts and regulation here, while also noting simultaneous entanglements with the global environment. In dealing with this group of contaminants, we identify opportunities for Aotearoa NZ's regulatory and management processes to consider the more‐than‐human theorising of aspects of ‘the natural world’, not for their utility but for the intrinsic value of more‐than‐human lives, and in order to do regulation, policy and practice differently.