bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Van Gennep et l'initiation dans la mythologie grecque : mort prématurée d'un paradigme ?
Authors: Dowden Ken
Published: April 2013

Le propos de cet article est d'examiner le paradigme qui s'est développé à partir de la pensée d'Arnold Van Gennep, en particulier depuis la traduction des Rites de passage en anglais en 1960. Il constitue une réponse à la question principale posée par Dodd et Faraone dans un volume paru en 2003 : est-ce que le paradigme de l'initiation mérite toujours sa place dans les études sur la mythologie et la société grecques ? Ils dénoncent la nature « kuhnienne » du paradigme tel qu'il a été utilisé depuis 1960, et c'est précisément vers Kuhn que nous devrions nous tourner pour comprendre les changements soudains de paradigme rencontrés dans les études portant sur la mythologie. On peut constater la chute du symbolisme orientalisant de Creuzer, de la mythologie solaire de Max Muller, peut-être du tri-fonctionnalisme de Dumézil, et le malaise croissant de la psychanalyse freudienne. L'analyse tri-partite de Van Gennep s'est popularisée à l'époque du structuralisme, et la question est de savoir si elle a fini sa course ou non, ce qui ne peut être mis à l'épreuve que par la capacité d'un nombre significatif de chercheurs à continuer à la fois d'en tirer des résultats utiles et d'utiliser ce langage dans leurs discussions.
Découpage régional et recompositions territoriales en Italie
Authors: Rivière Dominique
Published: April 2013

Les régions italiennes sont actuellement au cœur d'un débat issu de la réforme de l'État et de la montée en puissance des ligues, en même temps qu'elles deviennent des partenaires actifs de l'Union européenne. Pourtant l'Italie semble osciller entre la référence régionale et la référence locale, et le problème des rapports entre Nord et Sud du pays demeure crucial pour la question régionale.
De l'espace aux territoires : éléments pour une archéologie des concepts fondamentaux de la géographie
Authors: Di Méo Guy
Published: April 2013

Il existe plusieurs conceptions philosophiques de l'espace. Considéré comme une substance, il se distingue ou non, selon les auteurs, de la matière et de l'esprit. Forme ou propriété de la conscience, il a parfois suscité des interprétations déterministes du rapport complexe que les sociétés nouent avec lui. Produit, perçu, représenté et vécu, l'espace social constitue la base matérielle du territoire. Même s'il ne correspond pas à une stricte réalité politique, le territoire décrit un champ de lieux et de significations symboliques. Il s'identifie à une représentation sociale définie par le sens que lui confèrent les collectivités humaines qui se l'approprient.
Accessibilité sociale et accessibilité économique mondiales au début des années 1990
Authors: Grasland Claude
Published: April 2013

The database established by the United Nations concerning the spatial distribution of world population at the beginning of the 1990's (UNEP-CRID) provides the opportunity to compute an index of world social accessibility (mean orthodromic - great circle - distance between a place and the world population). Weighted by the mean value of GNP of the state where people are located, this index can be transformed into a measure of world economic accessibility. Though the maps established according to both criteria are imaginary (because they do not take into account the real mobility of people and the availability of the infrastructure of transportation), there comparison can provide some interesting results concerning the unequal distribution of population and wealth at a world scale and the possible consequences of those inequalities.
Deux décrets inédits d'Éleusis
Authors: Gofas Dimitri , Coumanoudis Stefanos N.
Published: April 2013

Publication, avec notes critiques, traduction et commentaire, de deux décrets datant de 332/1 a.C, gravés sur la même pierre et relatifs au culte d'Héraklès-en-Akris : ils se rapportent en particulier à l'affermage d'une carrière de pierre appartenant au dieu.
Études critiques sur le traité Isis et Osiris de Plutarque
Authors: Froidefond Christian
Published: April 2013

1. L'étude, sur les originaux, des Parisini Gr. 1671 et 1672 confirme, à quelques exceptions près, l'acribie de la recension de J. G. Griffiths, éditeur du De Iside de Plutarque. Les Laurentiani 80, 5, 80, 21 et 80, 22 fournissent quelques bonnes leçons, posent à propos de l'histoire du texte quelques problèmes dont on peut espérer avoir un jour la solution, mais sont dans l'ensemble assez médiocres. La parenté du Laur. 80, 21 avec une tradition non-planudéenne par l'intermédiaire de la deuxième main du Vatic. 1013 est confirmée. — 2. De Iside 352B et 282E : ύποδηλόω signifie dans les deux cas « énoncer une formule allégorique » ; 362B : lire χάροπος μὲν τοῦ Ἡρακλέους γενέσθαι θυγάτηρ Ἶσις, αἰακτοῦ δὲ... ; ; 382ΑΒ : lire ἔτι μᾶλλον οἴομαι... κατὰ το ἧθος ἀγαπητέον... ὡς ὄργανον ἤ

« τέχνην ἀεί τοῦ πάντα κοσμοῦντος θεοῦ

καλῶς » νομίζειν ἀξιοῦν τε...
La Justice de Zeus et le destin d'Io : regard sur les sources proche-orientales d'un mythe eschyléen
Authors: Duchemin Jacqueline
Published: April 2013

Le livre IV d'Hérodote nous renseigne sur une source dont Eschyle s'est vraisemblablement inspiré pour les erreurs d'Io, les Arimaspées d'Aristéas de Proconnèse. Les recherches du côté de l'Egypte sont plus décevantes en matière littéraire, mais on peut espérer un jour des perspectives plus ouvertes dans le domaine archéologique. Par contre, une recherche poussée en direction du Proche-Orient asiatique a certainement plus d'avenir immédiat. On en peut juger par les poèmes mythologiques suméro-babyloniens, dans lesquels plusieurs dieux suprêmes prêtent des traits au Zeus d'Eschyle, ainsi que par telle incantation en akkadien, ou par tels poèmes du cycle ougaritique de Baal, dont certains thèmes importants semblent se retrouver dans le traitement eschyléen de la légende d'Io et d'Épaphos.
L'invention chez Alciphron
Authors: Vieillefond Jean-René
Published: April 2013

Les Lettres de marins, de paysans, de parasites et de courtisanes composées par Alciphron ne sauraient être considérées comme des documents pris sur le vif, ni de l'époque athénienne qu'elles sont censées représenter (IVe s. av. J.-C), ni de l'époque impériale (IIIe s. ap. J.-C. ?) où elles furent rédigées. Il faut y voir des « sketches » de caractère littéraire et d'inspiration livresque. Mais l'art de l'écrivain arrive à donner un air de fraîcheur, de spontanéité et de réalisme à ces exercices de « sophistique » où les réminiscences jouent le rôle principal. (Analyse de plusieurs lettres, et, en particulier, de I, 1, dans ses rapports avec l'Alcyon attribué à Lucien).
Short synthesis of the common trisaccharide core of kankanose and kankanoside isolated from Cistanche tubulosa
Authors: Guchhait Goutam , Misra Anup Kumar
Published: April 2013

A short synthetic approach was developed for the synthesis of a common trisaccharide core found in kankanose, kankanoside F, H1, H2, and I isolated from the medicinally active plant Cistanche tubulosa. All glycosylations were carried out under nonmetallic reaction conditions. Yields were very good in all intermediate steps.
La gratuité de la cure analytique pour le patient et pour l'analyste
Authors: Diatkine Gilbert
Published: April 2013

Les multiples problèmes créés au patient par la gratuité de son analyse pèsent peu au regard de la nécessité que la psychanalyse soit accessible à ceux qui en ont besoin pour se soigner ou se traiter. L’expérience accumulée par Max Eitingon à Berlin, et par Freud à Vienne, montre que ces problèmes peuvent être surmontés, y compris dans l’analyse de formation. À l’analyste, la gratuité pose des problèmes plus redoutables, en particulier celui de l’expression de la haine dans le contre-transfert. L’exemple de la deuxième tranche d’analyse par Freud de Sergueï Pankejeff, rapportée dans Le rêve et l’occultisme , montre que ce problème contre-transférentiel peut aussi être utilisé au profit de la cure.
La guerre de l'autisme et les résistances culturelles à la psychanalyse
Authors: Hochmann Jacques
Published: April 2013

Des psychanalystes ont été les premiers, après l’invention de l’autisme par Kanner et Asperger, à tenter d’arracher les enfants autistes à la ségrégation et à l’eugénisme. Malheureusement, un certain triomphalisme, des erreurs techniques et un psychogénétisme exclusif et sans preuves ont entraîné un malentendu avec des associations de parents. Ce malentendu aggravé par des résistances inévitables à la psychanalyse et au fantasme de vol d’enfants ont été à l’origine de positions offensives contre la pédopsychiatrie française. Organisées en un communautarisme sectaire en faveur de méthodes purement comportementalistes, soutenues par un lobbying efficace auprès de la Haute Autorité de santé, ces positions ont abouti à un désaveu des pratiques psychothérapiques développées en France depuis un demi-siècle. On plaide ici pour un travail de partenariat respectueux de la souffrance et de la vulnérabilité de familles inévitablement soumises à la contagion de l’autisme.
Julius Nyerere à Zanzibar
Authors: Fouéré Marie-Aude
Published: April 2013

Un récit collectif dépréciatif sur le premier président de Tanzanie, Julius Nyerere, se diffuse aujourd’hui dans les îles de Zanzibar. Au regard de la trajectoire mémorielle de Julius Nyerere en Tanzanie continentale, caractérisée par une constante surenchère de déférence, Zanzibar fait figure d’exception. L’article présente les termes de ce récit péjoratif sur Nyerere en rapport à deux épisodes centraux dans l’histoire des îles : la révolution de 1964, mythe de la nation zanzibarie libre et souveraine, et l’Union avec le Tanganyika. Il montre aussi comment ce récit dépréciatif entre en résonance avec la question musulmane qui, à Zanzibar, est consubstantielle à un positionnement identitaire collectif. L’article conclut que, dans une société sans père de la nation ni récit national unifié, Julius Nyerere constitue un récit de la nation en négatif.
La fin de l'histoire du temps présent telle que nous l'avons connue
Authors: Droit Emmanuel , Reichherzer Franz
Published: April 2013

Cet article, écrit dans une perspective d’histoire comparée et croisée franco-allemande, entend faire dialoguer deux traditions historiographiques nationales qui jusque-là se méconnaissaient. L’objectif premier de cet exercice est de dresser le bilan de l’émergence, de l’enracinement et de la banalisation de l’histoire du temps présent (Zeitgeschichte) de part et d’autre du Rhin. Sur la base d’un droit d’inventaire de l’héritage intellectuel laissé par les premières générations scientifiques de cette sous-discipline historique, nous plaidons aujourd’hui en faveur d’une dissolution de l’histoire du temps présent comme champ historiographique singulier. Plus de vingt ans après la césure de 1989, nous pensons que le temps est mûr pour aborder sereinement la question de son retour plein et entier dans le giron de l’histoire.). L’abandon de la singularité de l’histoire du temps présent doit permettre de reconfigurer l’histoire comme une science sociale du « passé-présent ».
Policiers de bonne volonté ?
Authors: Houte Arnaud-Dominique
Published: April 2013

La garde civile est une institution éphémère qui n’a vécu que d’août à octobre 1914, mais qui fait l’objet de discussions entre 1913 et 1920. Dans son principe, il s’agit d’une milice composée de « citoyens de bonne volonté » qui se charge de maintenir l’ordre pendant la période de mobilisation, quand les besoins de surveillance s’accroissent et que l’effectif des forces de police se réduit. En dépit de quelques réussites locales, l’essai se solde par un bilan négatif qui scelle l’échec du modèle de garde civique et qui permet de mesurer le professionnalisme que les Français attendent de leur police au début du 20 e siècle.
No Longer a Passing Fad
Authors: DeSilets Lynore D.
Published: April 2013

As massive open online courses (MOOCs) move into the area of professional development, this column provides information on the current status of education that is available to health care providers.

J Contin Educ Nurs
2013;44(4):149–150.
FULLY AUTOMATIC SEGMENTATION OF LEFT VENTRICLE IN A SEQUENCE OF ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY IMAGES OF ONE CARDIAC CYCLE BY DYNAMIC DIRECTIONAL VECTOR FIELD CONVOLUTION (DDVFC) METHOD AND MANIFOLD LEARNING
Authors: Maman S. Ghanbari , Shalbaf A. , Behnam H. , Sani Z. Alizadeh , Fard M. Shojaei
Published: April 2013

In this paper, an automatic method for segmentation of the left ventricle in two-dimensional (2D) echocardiography images of one cardiac cycle is proposed. In the first step of this method, using a mean image of a sequence of echocardiography images and its statistical properties the approximate region of left ventricle (LV) is extracted. Then the coordinate of extracted rectangular (ROI) is applied on all frames of sequences automatically. The mean image extracted ROI is used for defining the initial contour by scanning from the center point in polar coordinate. In the next step, all the extracted ROIs from the frames are mapped in a 2D space using the nonlinear dimension reduction manifold learning method. Using the properties of the manifold map end diastole (ED) and end systole (ES) frames are determined. Segmentation of the frames begins from ES frame, utilizing the dynamic directional vector field convolution (DDVFC) level set method with the initial contour as mentioned above. Final contour of each segmented frame is used as the initial contour of the next frame. Maximum range of the active contour motion is limited by a percent of the Euclidean distance between the point corresponds the current frame and the previous one in the resultant manifold. The results obtained from our method are quantitatively evaluated to those obtained by the gold contours drawn by a cardiologist on 489 echocardiographic images of seven volunteers using four distance measures: Hausdorff distance, average distance, area difference and area coverage error. We have also compared our results with the results of applying only DDVFC method. Comparing the implementation of only the DDVFC method, the results show final contours by proposed method are more close to contours drawn by a cardiologist.
Influence of Bio Polymer Composites as Heat Absorption Coating
Authors: Mohid Siti Rahmah , Rus Anika Zafiah Mohd , Harun Nurul Hamizah
Published: April 2013

The purpose of this research is to study the reduction of internal temperature and heat absorption of building prototype after coated with bio polymer composites. Waste cooking oil has been treated with chemical process and mixed with Methylene Diphenyl Diisocyanate (MDI) and Titanium Dioxide (TiO2) to produce polymer coating. K-Type thermometer was employed to measure the outside and inside temperature before coated and after coated with bio polymer. The external surface of prototype building the roof was coated with bio polymer up to 3 layers, with 0.50 mm thickness for each layer. The measured temperature shows the reduction of the outside roof temperature is 13.65 °C, while the reduction of the inside roof temperature is 12.61 °C. This reduction of temperature is influenced by the thickness of the bio polymer coating.
Exploration of Fine Lines Profile Effects in Flexographic Printing
Authors: Yusof Mohd Sallehuddin , Said Z. , Maksud M.I.
Published: April 2013

Line profile is an important consideration in printing functional devices particularly in printing very fine line for electronic applications. Since laser machining provides the opportunity to apply extreme fine lines with different profiles where unachievable mechanically. Laser ablated printing plate are costly to produce, hence it is appropriate to investigate this within a computational framework beforehand. Therefore several designs will be investigated with different geometry as the variables using both linear elastic and non linear hyperelastic models. The results exhibits that finite element analysis serves appropriately as an exploration tool where it worked well with experimental results.
Off-Road Seat Suspension Optimization by Particle Swarm Algorithm
Authors: Gohari Mohammad , Rahman Roslan Abdul , Tahmasebi Mona
Published: April 2013

Due to creating health problems for human by using vehicles in long term, seat suspension design is important especially in off-road vehicles. Recently, intelligent methods are focused by researchers for optimization problems. In this paper, artificial neural network biodynamic model (ANNBM) was used to simulate human body responses to the vertical direction and seat suspension was optimized to reduce vibration transmitted from seat to lower lumbar. Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) was employed for this purpose. The results of simulation shows 0.6 seat to spine vibration transmissibility (SST), and the efficiency of suspension seems good to remove unwanted vibration.
Selection of Product Design Configuration for Improved Sustainability Using the Product Sustainability Index (ProdSI) Scoring Method
Authors: Hassan Mohd Fahrul , Saman Muhamad Zameri Mat , Sharif Safian , Omar Badrul , Zhang X. , Badurdeen F. , Jawahir I.S.
Published: April 2013

Generating new variants for design elements of products, structuring them into a complete configuration and evaluating the alternate configurations are essential for product design. Evaluating the likely product configurations in terms of sustainability aspects continues to become a useful aspect of interest to product designers. This paper proposes a new approach for applying the Product Sustainability Index (ProdSI) in selecting the best possible configurations for product design. In this paper, the recently developed ProdSI methodology is used to evaluate sustainability performance of a product. The approach is useful for product designers to generate numerous likely product design configurations and subsequently select the most sustainable product design configuration. An example of an armed-chair is used to illustrate the proposed new approach.
An Axiomatic Approach to Design for Sustainable End-of-Life: A Review of Literature
Authors: Beng Lee Guang , Omar Badrul
Published: April 2013

This paper aims to provide an insight to later researchers on the application of axiomatic design in the area of design for end-of-life (EOL) management. Among all life cycle stages of a product, design and development stage is the one that influences the later stages the most in terms of environmental impacts. In order to achieve sustainable product development, one of the considerations to be taken during the design stage is EOL management. EOL management process can be enhanced by utilizing a robust design method as well as an effective method for evaluating product design. Recent researches show that application of axiomatic design in the field of eco-design (especially design for EOL management) is still in a premature stage despite having a vast application area that covers the aspect of product design, manufacturing and supply chain management. Nonetheless, a case study published recently on eco-design using axiomatic approach has shown adequate feasibility and effectiveness. Therefore, design for sustainable EOL using axiomatic approach is worth further exploration.
Laminate Orientation Effect on Drilling of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastic Composites
Authors: Hakimi Ismail Mahamad , Sharif S. , Kurniawan Denni
Published: April 2013

Carbon fiber reinforced plastic (CFRP) composites are often used in combination with other materials, requiring it to be machined during fabrication of a structure. Drilling as the most common machining process of CFRP is complex often results in delamination of the composites. The complexity is contributed by CFRP composites fiber orientation which can be of unidirectional or quasi-isotropic type depending on the applications. This study reviews the machinability of CFRP composites by considering fiber orientation and machining conditions used during drilling. Their relation with machining thrust force which leads to delamination is the central theme. An insight in obtaining delamination-free holes is also discussed.
An Experimental Study of Different Thermal Boxes Heated by Solar Thermal Radiation for Hot Water System at Daytime
Authors: Yuhazri M.Yaakob , Kamarul A.M. , Rahimah A.H. , Haeryip Sihombing , Yahaya S.H.
Published: April 2013

This research is related to thermal efficient water heating system, specifically to improve the water heating system that exists nowadays. The goal of this research is to improve the current water heating system by using solar heat as the energy source to heat the water. The focus is to improve the thermal efficiency by adding different thermal boxes as the absorber bed. By implementing the black body and radiation concept, the air trapped in the box is heated. The trapped air then increases the collisions between the molecules and directly increases the temperature inside the box, higher than the outside environment. Based on a daytime experimental result revealed steel thermal box is better to be used for tropical weather like Malaysia.
An Experimental Study of Different Thermal Boxes Heated by Solar Thermal Radiation for Hot Water System at Night
Authors: Yuhazri M.Yaakob , Kamarul A.M. , Haeryip Sihombing , Yahaya S.H. , Izamshah Raja
Published: April 2013

This research is related to thermal efficient water heating system, specifically to improve the water heating system that exists nowadays. The goal of this research is to improve the current water heating system by using solar heat as the energy source to heat the water. The focus is to improve the thermal efficiency by adding different thermal boxes as the absorber bed. By implementing the black body and radiation concept, the air trapped in the box is heated. The trapped air then increases the collisions between the molecules and directly increases the temperature inside the box, higher than the outside environment. Based on night experimental results revealed steel thermal box is better to be used for tropical weather like Malaysia.
Evaluation of Sound Comfort in Examination Hall Using Acoustical Environmental Analyses
Authors: Amran M. Mohd , Rizal M. Shaiful , Maznan I. , Roslan Mohd Nazrul , Nizam Y. Musli , Ghazali Mohd Imran , Shahruddin M.
Published: April 2013

Acoustics environmental analyses were conducted in the unoccupied examination hall at Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia (UTHM), in order to determine the acoustical environment which reflects to sound comfort during sitting exam. The acoustic parameters that measured are background noise level, sound pressure level and reverberation time. The analysis result of untreated wall condition (without absorbent material) was revealed poor while treated wall condition (with absorbent material) revealed the improvement result. Installation of absorbent material on the wall and speakers rearrangement had reduced the highest background noise level of examination hall average reverberation times. A minor alteration at examination hall had contributed to better acoustic performance.
Investigation on the Fretting Wear of a Coated Substrate with Interlayer
Authors: Mohd Tobi Abdul Latif , Harimon M.A. , Saad A.A. , Karim R.M.
Published: April 2013

The fretting wear of coated SCMV (high-strength alloy steel) substrate with interlayer is studied with the focus on stresses associated with the coating failure under gross sliding condition. The analysis is simulated using finite element based method for a given number of cycles of worn half cylinder-on-flat geometry. The effect of interlayer stiffness on the stress distributions in the coating is studied. The maximum tensile stress at the trailing edge and the maximum compressive stress at the leading edge are reducing with increasing interlayer stiffness. The maximum shear stress at the coating-interlayer interface is predicted to have negligible effect with the change of interlayer stiffness. All the stresses are generally predicted to reduce with cycle. In general, stiffer interlayer will reduce the risk of coating failure.
The Charge-Discharge Properties of the Non-Linear Dielectric Capacitor
Authors: Yan Yang Xi , Feng Yu Jun
Published: April 2013

The Charge-discharge Properties of Two Different Non-liner Dielectric Capacitors which Were Made by the La-modified PZST Anti-ferroelectric Ceramics (AFE) Capacitors Were Investigated by Measuring the Hysteresis Loops, None-load Discharge Current-time Curves under Different Charge Voltage, and with 100ohm Discharge Current-time Curve. through Compared these Properties with the Liner Capacitors, it Is Evidence to Summarize the No-liner Properties of the AFE Ceramics. it Was Found that, the AFE Capacitors Imax Is Increasing in No-linear with the Charge Electric Field Increase, but to the Linear Capacitor, the Imax-E Curves is a Beeline. and the AFE Imax-E Curve is Similar to the P-E Curve, and this Paper Explained these.
Effect of Donor Dope Ions, Compaction Pressures and Sintering Temperatures on PTCR and Dielectric Properties of BaTiO3
Authors: Srilomsak Sutham , Meethong Nonglak
Published: April 2013

Donor doped BaTiO3 is a well known PTCR material. Many PTCR theories have been written but none of them can completely explain the PTCR property. In this work, BaTiO3 samples doped with Sb, La, Nb and Pb ions and compacted under various uniaxial pressures were examined. Results show that Sb and La-doped BaTiO3 have PTCR properties corresponding to Heywang and Jonker models to a greater degree than Nb-doped BaTiO3. Moreover, it was found that La and Nb-doped Ba1-xPbxTiO3 samples sintered at l000-1100°C have good PTCR properties while samples of the same composition sintered at 1150-1200°C have fair to poor PTCR properties. The PTCR properties in these materials do not correspond to Heywang and Jonker models. The resistivity change in these materials at Curie’s point is relatively lower than the resistivity change at other temperatures.
Application in Pottery of the Residual Soils Associated to Marbles from the Estremoz Anticlinal Region
Authors: Martins Ruben , Gomes Celso , Lopes Luís , Arroz Maria , Santos Dulce , Rosado Francisco , Cunha Ana
Published: April 2013

Terra rossa is a residual soil that is derived from the chemical dissolution of carbonate rocks. This type of soil occurs in the region of the so-called Estremoz anticlinal, being the result of the weathering of extensive marble occurrences which are exploited for ornamental stone. The research work performed and disclosed in the present paper shows that terra rossa possesses appropriate compositional and technological properties for its use on ceramic applications, particularly for the local traditional pottery. In potential marble quarry sites several thick soil horizons can be found, and whenever the soil is removed marble is shown up. As a rule, the removed soil is deposited around the quarry, and so far no use has been given to it. Pottery has a long tradition in the Alentejo region, and Vila de Redondo and Aldeia de S. Pedro do Corval are known as emblematic centers of this activity. However, time has shown that the scarcity of high quality clay deposits has become an important issue. Therefore, potters are buying clay from other regions of Portugal, in particular in the area of Caldas da Rainha, located in the central west of the country and far from Alentejo, or even importing it from Spain. The cooperative research work carried out in the Laboratories of DGUE, the Department of Geosciences at the University of Aveiro (DGUA) and CENCAL, and at the pottery owned by the artisan Mestre Xico Tarefa, in Vila de Redondo, has shown that terra rossa, due to its physicochemical, mineralogical and technological properties, can be used as a raw material in ceramic manufacturing, particularly in the traditional pottery produced both in Redondo and S. Pedro de Corval.
Plant Location Selection in Natural Stone Industry
Authors: Yavuz Mahmut , Colpan Secil Ozer
Published: April 2013

Determining the most convenient plant location is one of the commonly encountered problems in engineering applications. This paper presents an Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) model, which is developed for selecting the optimum plant location for marble/travertine factories in natural stones processing industry. The whole criteria which affect the decision making process in marble industry were determined to solve plant location problem in the AHP model. To determine optimum marble plant location for a new marble factory, which is planned to install by a mining firm located in the Eskisehir region in Turkey, an analysis was carried out by introducing the AHP method which is one of the well-known classical Multiple Attribute Decision Making (MADM) methods. This analysis shows that the AHP method can successfully be applied for the selection of plant location as well as any decision making process in natural stone industry.
Defect Structure of Nanosized Zirconium Oxide Powders Doped with Y2O3, Sc2O3, Cr2O3
Authors: Yurchenko Lesya P. , Bykov Igor P. , Brik Alexander B. , Vasylyev Oleksandr D. , Vereschak Valeriy G. , Suchaneck Gunnar , Jastrabik Lubomir , Dejneka Alexandr
Published: April 2013

The formation mechanisms of paramagnetic centers originating from Zr3+ and Cr3+ ions and the influence of the nanoparticle composition on thermal generation processes of these paramagnetic centers in ZrO2 structure were studied by electron paramagnetic resonance. A set of nanosized zirconium oxide powders (nominally pure ZrO2, ZrO2 doped with correspondingly Y2O3 and Sc2O3, Cr2O3 and Y2O3, as well as Cr2O3) was investigated: The influence of annealing on the EPR lines of Zr3+ and Cr5+ ions was found to be different. Annealing curves of EPR signals caused by Cr5+ ions have a maximum in temperature range 500–600 °C. Mechanisms of Zr3+ and Cr5+ ions formation were discussed.
Polyol Synthesis and Properties of AFe2O4 Nanoparticles (A = Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Zn) with Spinel Structure
Authors: Yelenich O.V. , Solopan S.O. , Belous A.G.
Published: April 2013

Nanosized particles of AFe2O4 compounds (A = Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Zn) with spinel structure have been synthesized by precipitation from glycol solutions. Diethylene glycol (DEG) was used as high-boiling alcohol medium. Based on NMR studies, the peculiarities of the formation of nanoparticles in glycol solution using metal nitrates as initial reagents have been considered. For the synthesized compounds crystallographic, microscopical and magnetic investigations have been carried out.
Radio-Luminescence of Defects and Impurity Ions in Magnesium Aluminates Spinel Crystals
Authors: Gritsyna Vasyl , Kazarinov Yurij , Moskvitin Anton
Published: April 2013

The investigations of radio-luminescence (RL) in magnesium aluminates spinel crystals at variation of the time, intensity of X-irradiation and temperature of sample were provided. There were registered three prominent RL bands related to electron-hole recombination process at anti-site defects, emission of Mn2+-ions and emission of Cr3+-ions. The kinetics of the growth of indicated RL emissions show the competing processes of the capture of free charge carriers generated at irradiation by intrinsic defects and impurity ions.
Carbazole Derivative Based Near Ultraviolet Organic Light Emitting Diode with ZnMgO:Al Anode Layer
Authors: Łuka Grzegorz , Volyniuk Dmytro , Tomkeviciene Ausra , Simokaitiene Jurate , Grazulevicius Juozas V. , Stakhira Pavlo , Cherpak Vladyslav , Sybilski Piotr , Witkowski Bartłomiej S. , Godlewski Marek , Guziewicz Elżbieta , Hotra Zenon , Hotra Oleksandra
Published: April 2013

We demonstrate the fabrication and properties of an near ultraviolet organic light emitting diode (UV OLED) that contains 2,7-di(9-carbazolyl)-9-(2-ethylhexyl)carbazole organic emitting layer and aluminum-doped magnesium zinc oxide (ZnMgO:Al) layer as transparent electrode. The obtained ZnMgO:Al layer is transparent for the wavelengths longer than 325 nm and has low resistivity of the order of 10-3 Ωcm. The UV OLED device turns on at the applied voltage of 9 V.
Experimental Study of the Surface of Steel 15Kh13MF after the Nanosecond Laser Shock Processing
Authors: Maruschak Pavlo , Zakiev Islam , Mocharsky Vitaly , Nikiforov Yuriy
Published: April 2013

The influence of processing parameters on the morphology of periodical structures on surface of steel 15Kh13MF after the nanosecond laser irradiation are discussed and analyzed. Modification of microstructure, surface morphology, and hardness by laser treatment is discussed
Neuroblastoma-Derived TGF-β1 Modulates the Chemokine Receptor Repertoire of Human Resting NK Cells
Authors: Castriconi Roberta , Dondero Alessandra , Bellora Francesca , Moretta Lorenzo , Castellano Aurora , Locatelli Franco , Corrias Maria Valeria , Moretta Alessandro , Bottino Cristina
Published: April 2013

In this study, we show that neuroblastoma (NB) cell conditioning affects the chemokine receptor repertoire of human resting NK cells. In particular, NB cells upregulated the expression of CXCR4 and CXCR3 in all NK cells and downregulated CX3CR1 in the CD56dim subset. On the contrary, the expression of CXCR1 and CCR7 remained unaltered. The phenomenon was dependent on the release by NB cells of TGF-β1, and rTGF-β1 induced a chemokine receptor repertoire identical to that of NB-conditioned NK cells. The immune modulatory role of TGF-β1 appears to be dose dependent because low amounts of the cytokine were sufficient to modulate CXCR4 and CX3CR1 expression, intermediate amounts modified that of CXCR3, and high amounts were necessary to downregulate the expression of the NKp30 activating receptor. Notably, a similar receptor modulation was observed in rTGF-β2–conditioned NK cells. Finally, the analysis of NK cells from patients with stage 4 NB suggests that NB conditioning could exert in vivo an immune modulatory effect resembling that emerged from in vitro experiments. Altogether our data propose a novel tumor escape-mechanism based on the modulation of chemokine receptors that play pivotal roles in NK cells bone marrow homing, egress, or recruitment into peripheral tissues.
Neutrophils Confer T Cell Resistance to Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cell–Mediated Suppression To Promote Chronic Inflammation
Authors: Ryan Sean O. , Johnson Jenny L. , Cobb Brian A.
Published: April 2013

Low-grade chronic inflammation can persist in aging humans unnoticed for years or even decades, inflicting continuous damage that can culminate later in life as organ dysfunction, physical frailty, and some of the most prominent debilitating and deadly age-associated diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis, diabetes, heart disease, and cancer. Despite the near universal acceptance of these associations, the mechanisms underlying unresolved inflammation remain poorly understood. In this study, we describe a novel inducible method to examine systemic chronic inflammation using susceptible animal models. Induced inflammation results in unresolved innate cellular responses and persistence of the same serum proinflammatory molecules used as diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets for chronic inflammation in humans. Surprisingly, we found long-term persistence of an inflammation-associated neutrophil cell population constitutively producing the proinflammatory IFN-γ cytokine, which until now has only been detected transiently in acute inflammatory responses. Interestingly, these cells appear to confer T cell resistance to the otherwise potent anti-inflammatory function of myeloid-derived suppressor cells, revealing a novel mechanism for the maintenance of chronic inflammatory responses over time. This discovery represents an attractive target to resolve inflammation and prevent the inflammation-induced pathologies that are of critical concern for the well-being of the aging population.
GARP–TGF-β Complexes Negatively Regulate Regulatory T Cell Development and Maintenance of Peripheral CD4+ T Cells In Vivo
Authors: Zhou Angela X. , Kozhaya Lina , Fujii Hodaka , Unutmaz Derya
Published: April 2013

The role of surface-bound TGF-β on regulatory T cells (Tregs) and the mechanisms that mediate its functions are not well defined. We recently identified a cell-surface molecule called Glycoprotein A Repetitions Predominant (GARP), which is expressed specifically on activated Tregs and was found to bind latent TGF-β and mediate a portion of Treg suppressive activity in vitro. In this article, we address the role of GARP in regulating Treg and conventional T cell development and immune suppression in vivo using a transgenic mouse expressing GARP on all T cells. We found that, despite forced expression of GARP on all T cells, stimulation through the TCR was required for efficient localization of GARP to the cell surface. In addition, IL-2 signals enhanced GARP cell surface expression specifically on Tregs. GARP-transgenic CD4+ T cells and Tregs, especially those expressing higher levels of GARP, were significantly reduced in the periphery. Mature Tregs, but not conventional CD4+ T cells, were also reduced in the thymus. CD4+ T cell reduction was more pronounced within the effector/memory subset, especially as the mouse aged. In addition, GARP-overexpressing CD4+ T cells stimulated through the TCR displayed reduced proliferative capacity, which was restored by inhibiting TGF-β signaling. Furthermore, inhibiting TGF-β signals greatly enhanced surface expression of GARP on Tregs and blocked the induction of Foxp3 in activated CD4+ T cells overexpressing GARP. These findings suggest a role for GARP in natural and induced Treg development through activation of bound latent TGF-β and signaling, which negatively regulates GARP expression on Tregs.
Night and days in Cassiciacum: The anti-Manichaean theodicy of Augustine’s De ordine
Authors: Fuhrer Therese
Published: April 2013

In his early dialogue ‘On order’ (De ordine) Augustine dramatises a discussion of theodicy in which the Manichaean solution is clearly rejected, even though the debate ends in aporia. It is argued in this paper that the dialogue’s dramatic setting at the villa in Cassiciacum is strongly reminiscent of Manichaean imagery and the stock motifs of the Manichaean mythological system. It is proposed in the dialogue itself, that the scenic elements (Augustine’s ill health, night and darkness, the dawning day, dirt and ugliness, fighting cocks) have the character of signs which illustrate the significance of the not-beautiful and the negative in the divine order. The dialogue setting thus presents an ontological scale that leads from the levels of reduced being up to the highest being, linking night or darkness to light or day, dirt to purity, sickness to health, defeat to victory, the ugly to the beautiful. The dialogue setting becomes a semiotic system in which even the ontologically deficient forms of phenomenon always also refer to something at the highest level, namely the omnipotent divine creator. The scenic design of De ordine can thus be read as an extension of the Manichaean system of codes, and hence as a message also addressed to a Manichaean readership.
The few and the many: A motif of Augustine’s controversy with the Manichaeans
Authors: Hoffmann Andreas
Published: April 2013

It is one fundamental conviction of ancient philosophy that, in contrast to the vast majority, only few are able to gain knowledge of truth. This axiom, which also underlies Cicero’s Hortensius, is adapted by the young Augustine. When looking for a concept of truth that combines the ideal of a philosophical existence with Christianity, he decides to join the Manichaeans. As opposed to the ‘mainline church’ of the catholica in which ‘the many’ are gathered, the Manichaeans appear to him as a small, elitist Christian community meeting higher intellectual as well as ethical demands. This claim seems to be particularly and impressively confirmed by the ‘pauci electi’. Their approach has apparently strengthened Augustine’s belief that true, higher Christianity is to be found amongst the Manichaeans. When he later devotes himself to the catholica and leads the fight against the Manichaeans, Augustine adheres to the conviction of the ‘few wise’. Also within the catholica only few attain maximum insight and lead an appropriate life. At the same time, however, Augustine increasingly considers ‘the many’ as positive. These two aspects are combined in his epistemological concept of ‘auctoritas’: by means of their auctoritas, the few ‘wise’ within the Catholic Church are supposed to guide the many towards truth on their journey of faith and cause them to improve their moral conduct. Its big success is a major argument for the catholica, whilst the ‘paucitas’ of the Manichaeans (and all heretics) can be considered evidence of the groundlessness and absurdity of their doctrine.
Banking Systems, Central Banks and International Reserve Accumulation in East Asian Economies
Authors: Shrestha Prakash Kumar
Published: April 2013

This paper examines changes in the balance sheets of the banking system in five East Asian economies which were affected by the 1997 Asian Crisis. These countries have persistently accumulated international reserves since the crisis. This paper estimates the impact of reserve accumulation on some important balance sheet variables such as liquid assets, credit and deposits of the banking system by applying panel data techniques. Estimates using data from Thailand, South Korea, Malaysia, Philippines and Indonesia show that there has been robust positive impact of reserve accumulation on the liquid assets and deposits of the banking system after controlling for the effect of other potential variables.
Paleo Agulhas rings enter the subtropical gyre during the penultimate deglaciation
Authors: Scussolini P. , van Sebille E.
Published: April 2013

Abstract. A maximum in the strength of Agulhas Leakage has been registered at the interface between Indian and South Atlantic oceans during glacial Termination II (T II), presumably transporting the salt and heat necessary to maintain the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) at rates similar to the present day. However, it was never shown whether these were effectively incorporated in the South Atlantic gyre, or whether they retroflected into the Indian and/or Southern Oceans. To solve this question, we investigate the presence of paleo Agulhas rings from a sediment core on the central Walvis Ridge, almost 1800 km farther into the Atlantic basin than previously studied. Analysis of a 20 yr dataset from a global ocean circulation model allows us to relate density perturbations, at the depth of the thermocline, to the passage of individual rings over the core site. Using this relation from the numerical model as the basis for a proxy, we generate a time series of δ18O variability of Globorotalia truncatulinoides single specimens, revealing high levels of pycnocline depth variability at the site, suggesting enhanced numbers of Agulhas rings moving into the South Atlantic gyre around and before T II. Our record closely follows the published quantifications of Agulhas Leakage from the east of the Cape Basin, and thus shows that Indian Ocean waters entered the South Atlantic circulation. This provides crucial support to the view of a prominent role of the Agulhas Leakage in the shift from a glacial to an interglacial mode of AMOC.
Development of IDF-curves for tropical india by random cascade modeling
Authors: Rana A. , Bengtsson L. , Olsson J. , Jothiprakash V.
Published: April 2013

Abstract. Efficient design of urban drainage systems is based on statistical analysis of past rainfall events at fine time scales. However, fine time scale rainfall data are usually lacking in many parts of the world. A possible way forward is to develop methods to derive fine time scale rain intensities from daily observations. This paper applied cascade-based disaggregation modeling for generation of fine time scale rainfall data for Mumbai, India from daily rainfall data. These data were disaggregated to 10-min values. The model was used to disaggregate daily data for the period 1951–2004 and develop intensity-duration-frequency (IDF) relationships. This disaggregation technique is commonly used assuming scale-invariance using constant parameters. For the Mumbai rains it was found better to use parameters dependent on time scale and rain volume. Very good agreement between modeled and observed disaggregation series was found for the time scales larger than 1/2 h for the 1/2-yr period when short term data were available. Although the parameters were allowed to change with time scale, the rain intensities of duration shorter than 1/2 h were overestimated. When IDF-curves had been established, they showed that the current design standard for Mumbai city, 25 mm h−1, has a return period of less than one year. Thus, annual recurring flooding problems in Mumbai appear evident.
El derecho a la acción y el acceso a la justicia constitucional en Costa Rica
Authors: Pérez Marvin Carvajal
Published: April 2013

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5377/derecho.v0i8.977 Revista de Derecho No.8 2004 pp.9-28
Aspectos generales de la incompetencia de jurisdicción en el juicio laboral
Authors: Martínez Rivera Eddy
Published: April 2013

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5377/derecho.v0i8.979 Revista de Derecho No.8 2004 pp.61-74
Proceso y futuro de la integración de Centroamérica
Authors: Giammattei Avilés Jorge Antonio
Published: April 2013

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5377/derecho.v0i8.980 Revista de Derecho No.8 2004 pp.75-80
El magistrado constitucional
Authors: Marroquín Guerra Otto
Published: April 2013

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5377/derecho.v0i8.983 Revista de Derecho No.8 2004 pp.101-112
Jurisprudencia Laboral: La prescripción, La Apelación y la Convención Colectiva
Authors: Malespín Martínez Fernando
Published: April 2013

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5377/derecho.v0i8.988 Revista de Derecho No.8 2004 pp.221-232
Jurisprudencia Civil: Ineficacia de los contratos: Rescisión y Resolución, dos conceptos distintos y un mismo efecto jurídico
Authors: Guzmán García Jairo José
Published: April 2013

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5377/derecho.v0i8.989 Revista de Derecho No.8 2004 pp.233-244
La oportunidad, procedencia, e importancia de una nueva ley orgánica de la contraloría general de la república
Authors: Avilés Bermúdez Humberto
Published: April 2013

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5377/derecho.v0i9.994 Revista de Derecho No.9 2004 pp.75-79
Situación de la propiedad intelectual y su relación con la actividad agropecuaria en Centroamérica
Authors: Orúe Cruz José Rene
Published: April 2013

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5377/derecho.v0i9.997 Revista de Derecho No.9 2004 pp.135-165
Jurisprudencia Laboral: La contratación a tiempo determinado, el pago de la indemnización, el reintegro y pago de salarios
Authors: Malespín Martínez Fernando
Published: April 2013

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5377/derecho.v0i9.999 Revista de Derecho No.9 2004 pp.193-212
The effect of Achene heteromorphism on progeny traits in the shaggy soldier [Galinsoga ciliata (Rafin) S. F. Blake]
Authors: Kucewicz Magdalena , Gojło Ewa , Kowalska Anna
Published: April 2013

The shaggy soldier [Galinsoga ciliata (Rafin) S. F. Blake], family Asteraceae] is an invasive species that poses a growing threat to crop production. This annual plant produces heteromorphic achenes in a capitulum type inflorescence. The objective of this study was to compare selected morphological and phenological parameters and the success of generative reproduction in plants developed from peripheral and central achenes of the capitulum. The somatic variability of G. ciliata diaspores contributed to differences in the growth rates, development and fertility of the resulting populations. The progeny of central diaspores developed at a slower rate than the individuals derived from peripheral achenes, but at the end of their life cycle, the offspring of dimorphic achenes formed homogenous groups as regards height values. On average, the initial phenophases of G. ciliata plants derived from central achenes began one day later, and they entered the flowering stage eight days later than the individuals developed from peripheral seeds. At the initial growth stage (experimental day 65 to 83), the progeny of central achenes produced fewer capitula. On day 133, the individual fertility of the plants derived from central diaspores was 10% higher on average in comparison with the offspring of peripheral achenes.