bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Effect of English Conversation Videos on Students’ Listening Skill
Authors: Sutrisno Arrosyi Dayana
Published: November 2020

The purpose of this research was to prove that using an English conversation videos is effective in teaching listening skill. This research conducted in SMP Muhammadiyah 1 Wonosobo. The population of this research is eight-grade students, and the sample is 40 students. The method of this research is quantitative method and using pre-experimental design. To collect the data, the writer used a pre-test, and post-test that given to the students. The resulting score of the data indicated that, the total score of students in the pre-test was 2350 with the average were 58.75. The total student's post-test score is 3080 with an average of 77. The results of the pre-test and post-test were calculated using a t-test. The calculation of the data result indicates that the t-count was 2.26 with t-table is 1.69 at the 0.05-significance level. Therefore, this implies that the alternative hypothesis (H1) is accepted, and the null hypothesis (H0) is rejected. The writer concluded that using English conversation videos on studies in teaching English was effective to improve students’ listening skills.
Translation Techniques and Translation Quality of Indonesian Subtitles of Coco Movie: A Comparative of Two Subtitlers
Authors: Lubis Annisa Risma Khairani , Muchtar Muhizar , Mono Umar
Published: November 2020

The objectives of the research are to identify the types of translation technique, to evaluate the translation quality and to find out the effect of translation techniques on the translation quality used by Pein Akatsuki and Deni Aurora in Indonesian subtitles of Coco movie. This research applies descriptive qualitative method to assess data with documents and informants as source of data. The result shows that there are 16 types of translation techniques used by Pein Akatsuki and Deni Aurora in translating Indonesian subtitles. For both subtitlers, literal translation and borrowing create high level of accuracy, acceptability, and readability. Modulation and the other techniques are showed in high and medium levels of accurate translation, but they result in high levels of acceptability and readability. Based on the findings, the translation techniques applied by the subtitlers contribute positively to the quality of Indonesian subtitles in terms of accuracy, acceptability, and readability.
Leaving home ain’t easy: Citizen compliance with local government hurricane evacuation orders
Authors: Connolly Jennifer M. , Klofstad Casey , Uscinski Joseph
Published: November 2020

Although local officials often issue policy directives and urge residents to comply, many policy directives lack monitoring or enforcement mechanisms. Without strong enforcement mechanisms, how can public officials increase citizen cooperation? We examine this question in the context of hurricane evacuation orders. Do different communication frames impact public compliance with evacuation orders? Analyzing data on Florida residents, the results of a survey experiment show that respondents exposed to a statement lacking certainty were significantly less willing to evacuate than the control group, and other communication strategies-including describing incentives and potential enforcement mechanisms-had no impact on willingness to cooperate with an evacuation order. The results suggest that uncertain government messaging may decrease policy compliance in cases lacking strong enforcement mechanisms.
Влияние различных приемов основной обработки на порозность пахотных черноземов
Authors: Гребенников А. М. , Фрид Александр Соломонович , Сапрыкин Сергей Владимирович , Чевердин Юрий Иванович
Published: November 2020

В полевом опыте, проводимом в 2013 – 2015 гг. в Воронежской области, методом многофакторного дисперсионного анализа определяли влияние фаз вегетации озимой пшеницы, приема основной обработки почв и глубины слоя почвы (0 – 10, 10 – 20, 20 – 30 и 30 – 40 см) на среднюю величину общей порозности, а также количества пор в этих слоях, заполненных воздухом и влагой. Подобным образом исследовали влияние этих факторов на величину стандартного отклонения указанных показателей порозности. По доле влияния на среднюю за 3 года проведения опыта величину общей порозности и количеств пор аэрации в слоях 0 – 10, 10 – 20, 20 – 30 и 30 – 40 см агрочерноземов наиболее существенным был фактор глубины почвенного слоя. На количество пор, заполненных водой, существенное влияние оказал фактор фаз вегетации, что, очевидно, явилось следствием различия по влагообепеченности озимой пшеницы в фазу возобновления весенней вегетации и спелости. Величины общей порозности и количества пор аэрации обнаруживали достоверную связь с урожайностью озимой пшеницы. Особенно это было выражено в фазу возобновления весенней вегетации. Между количеством пор, занятых водой и урожайностью, достоверных связей не установлено.
Экономическая эффективность интенсивных насаждений черешни на юге России
Authors: Проворченко Александр Владимирович , Варфоломеева Наталья Ивановна
Published: November 2020

Для успешного развития плодоводства необходимо активизировать переход садоводческих хозяйств на интенсивные типы насаждений, которые отличаются быстрыми возвратами вложенных в их создание средств. Исследования проводили в 2010 – 2018 гг. в Краснодарском крае. Изучена экономической эффективность насаждений черешни сортов Валерий Чкалов, Василиса, Крупноплодная на клоновом подвое ВСЛ-2 при схеме размещения деревьев 5,0 × 3,0; 5,0 × 2,5 и 5,0 × 2,0 м. Все сорта при изучаемых схемах размещения деревьев обеспечили 1 й товарный урожай на 4 й год после закладки сада, а безубыточная урожайность составила 3,5 – 4,0 т/га. В первые годы плодоношения более высокую продуктивность и показатели экономической эффективности имеют насаждения с размещением деревьев 5,0 × 2,0 м. За годы плодоношения 2011 – 2018 гг. самые низкие показатели уровня рентабельности (123,7 – 135,8 %) получены по сорту Валерий Чкалов, а самые высокие (217,2 – 227,1 %) — по сорту Крупноплодная.
German factor” in the economic development of the Transcaucasian region
Authors: Erokhina Ol'ga , Shaidurov Vladimir
Published: November 2020

The need for economic colonization of the outskirts and modernization of the economy of the population of the acquired territories compelled the Russian authorities to turn to the practice of attracting foreign colonists. In the reign of Alexander I, German colonies, founded by immigrants from the Kingdom of Wurttemberg, appeared in Transcaucasia. The settles adapted to new living conditions by the 1850s. Due to overcoming the initial isolation, they had a positive impact on the economic life of the surrounding population, contributing to the development of certain branches of agriculture. The authors used not only the before published sources and materials, but also documents from collections of the Russian State Historical Archive, some of which are being introduced into scientific circulation for the first time.
UPAYA PERAWAT DALAM MEMUTUS RANTAI PENULARAN PENYAKIT DI LAYANAN KESEHATAN
Authors: Aulia Tria
Published: November 2020

Rumah sakit sebagai salah satu sarana kesehatan yang memberikan pelayanan kesehatan kepada masyarakat, memiliki peran yang sangat penting dalam meningkatkan derajat kesehatan masyarakat, dengan melaksanakan upaya kesehatan yang berhasil guna dan berdaya guna terhadap pelayanan masyarakat, oleh karena itu rumah sakit dituntut untuk dapat memberikan pelayanan yang bermutu sesuai dengan standar yang telah ditentukan.Sistem manajemen keselamatan dan kesehatan kerja merupakan bagian dari sistem manajemen secara keseluruhan yang meliputi strruktur organisasi, perencanaan, tanggung jawab, pelaksanaan, prosedur, proses dan sumber daya yang dibutuhkan bagi pengembangan, penerapan, pencapaian, pengkajian, dan pemeliharaan kebijakan K3 dalam rangka pengendalian risiko yang berkaitan dengan kegiatan kerja guna terciptanya tempat kerja yang aman, nyaman dan produktif. Pelaksanaan Keselamatan dan Kesehatan Kerja (K3) adalah salah satu bentuk upaya menciptakan tempat kerja yang aman, sehat, bebas dari pencemaran lingkungan, sehingga dapat mengurangi dan atau bebas dari kecelakaan kerja dan penyakit yang dapat berdampak meningkatkan efisiensi dan produktivitas kerja.
Learning with small amount of data on various task
Authors: Stefanie
Published: November 2020

As a student, I am learning knowledge with the help of teachers and the teacher plays a crucial role in our life. A wonderful instructor is able to teach a student with appropriate teaching materials. Therefore, in this project, I explore a teaching strategy called learning to teach (L2T) in which a teacher model could provide high-quality training samples to a student model. However, one major problem of L2T is that the teacher model will only select a subset of the training dataset as the final training data for the student. Learning to teach small-data learning strategy (L2TSDL) is proposed to solve this problem. In this strategy, the teacher model will calculate the importance score for every training sample and help students to make use of all training samples. To demonstrate the advantage of the proposed approach over L2T, I take the training of different deep neural networks (DNN) on image classification task as an exampleand show that L2TSDL could achieve good performance on both large and small dataset.
Batas desa
Authors: sartika Risamaika
Published: November 2020

Agar mempermudah masyarakat mengetahui batas2 wilayahnya
Konsep Kesehatan dan Keselamatan Kerja
Authors: NAFI'AH SALSABILA
Published: November 2020

Menurut Sedarmayanti (2009:124) Kesehatan dan Keselamatan Kerja adalah pengawasan terhadap orang lain, mesin, material dan metode yang mencakup lingkungan kerja agar pekerja tidak mengalami cedera.Kesehatan dan Keselamatan Kerja (K3) adalah upaya untuk memberikan jaminan keselamatan dan meningkatkan derajat kesehatan pekerja dengan cara pencegahan kecelakaan dan Penyakit Akibat Kerja (PAK), pengendalian bahaya di tempat kerja, promosi kesehatan, pengobatan dan rehabilitasi. (Kepmenkes RI No.432/Menkes/SK/2007).
SOCIALISASI COVID 19
Authors: pratami Andi irmawati
Published: November 2020

Kegiatan ini dilakukan dengan cara menempelkan brosur ke tiang listrik, papan informasi di tiap-tiap pos ronda di beberapa dusun, dan fasislitas umum seperti puskesmas desa.
Statistika: bilangan real
Authors: abbas Vivi januarti
Published: November 2020

STKIP YAPTI JENEPONTO JURUSAN MATEMATIKA SEMESTER LIMA
PENTINGNYA MENGETAHUI ASUHAN KEPERAWATAN DAN PENGKAJIAN KEPERAWATAN PADA PASIEN
Authors: Sianipar Timaida Adelina
Published: November 2020

Pelayanan keperawatan merupakan bagian dari pelayanan kesehatan rumah sakit yang akan mendukung proses penyembuhan dan pemulihan kesehatan pasien yang dirawat, serta mutu pelayanan keperawatan akan mencerminkan mutu pelayanan pada pasien.Intervensi keperawatan adalah tindakan yang dirancang untuk membantu kliendalam beralih dari tingkat kesehatan saat ini ke tingkat yang diinginkan dalam hasil yang diharapkan. Intervens keperawatan adalah semuatindakan asuhan yang perawat lakukan atas nama klien. Tahap perencanaan memberi kesempatan kepada perawat, klien, keluarga danorang terdekat klien untuk merumuskan rencana tindakan keperawatan gunamengatasi masalah yang dialami klien. Perencanaan ini merupakan suatu petunjuk. Tujuannya adalah untuk mengetahui perencanaan asuhan keperawatan. Metode kajian ini menggunakan penelusuran buku teks, jurnal dan e.book (10 tahun terahir) dengan system literature review.
Bakti sosial
Authors: Ferdinas
Published: November 2020

Menciptakan lingkungan yg indah
Pentingnya Standar Kompetensi Untuk Mewujudkan Sumber Daya Manusia Berkualitas
Authors: Samosir Tondy Hatorangan
Published: November 2020

Pentingnya Standar Kompetensi untuk mewujudkan sumber daya manusia berkualitas
LAPORAN PEMBAGIAN MASKER BERLOGO YAPTI DI DESA TAROWANG
Authors: handayani dwi reski
Published: November 2020

Kuliah kerja lapang plus (KKLP) merupakan suatu kegiatan perkuliahan yang bersifat intrakurikuler dalam bentuk pengabdian pada masyarakat yang dilakukan oleh mahasiswa dalam jangka waktu tertentu. oleh karena sifatnya intrakurikuler sehingga setiap mahasiswa yang akan menyelesaikan studi diperguruan tinggi pada suatu program strata satu (S1) harus mengikuti KKLP.
PENGARUH HAZARD KIMIA TERHADAP KESEHATAN
Authors: Putri Adinda Annisyah
Published: November 2020

Hazard adalah suatu kondisi atau tindakan atau potensi yang dapat menimbulkan kerugian terhadap manusia, harta benda, proses, maupun lingkungan. Hazard ini akan tetap menjadi bahaya tanpa menimbulkan dampak/ konsekuensi ataupun berkembang menjadi accident bila tidak ada kontak (exposure) dengan manusia. Sebagai contoh, panas yang keluar dari mesin pesawat tidak akan menimbulkan kecelakaan jika kita tidak menyentuhnya. Proses kontak antara bahaya dengan manusia ini dapat terjadi melalui tiga mekanisme, yaitu: manusia yang menghampiri bahaya, bahaya yang menghampiri manusia melalui proses alamiah, serta manusia dan bahaya saling menghampiri.Hazard dapat diklasifikasikan atas Primary Hazards dan Secondary Hazards. Primary Hazards contohnya seperti hazard fisik, hazard kimia, hazard biologi, hazard psikososial, dan hazard ergonomi. Klasifikasi bahaya primer (primary hazards) menurut jenisnya tersebut membawa juga pengertian mengenai sumber bahaya terbagi atas manusia, peralatan, material/ bahan, dan lingkungan tempat berlangsungnya pekerjaan yang kurang memadai.Dari berbagai macam jenis potensi bahaya salah satunya yaitu potensi bahaya kimia. Bahan kimia yang ada disekitar pekerja pada dasarnya merupakan sebuah potensi bahaya. Hazard kimia adalah potensi bahaya yang disebabkan oleh sifat dan karakteristik kimia yang dimiliki bahan tersebut. Hazard kimia ini sangat berbahaya jika kita tidak mengetahuinya secara detail seperi apa sifat dari bahan tersebut. Perlunya penanganan yang intensif terhadap potensi bahaya ini. Bahan-bahan tersebut mempunyai resiko untuk mengganggu Kesehatan pekerja. Banyak penyakit salah satunya keracunan dan kanker yang sering terjadi akibat paparan zat kimia yang berlebihan pada pekerja
Differential expression of Notch4 in the primary tumors of breast cancer patients treated with trastuzumab.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: November 2020

The mechanism of action underlying trastuzumab (Herceptin) function is ascribed to binding of the Fab region of trastuzumab to the extracellular domain of the human epidermal growth factor receptor (HER2) (1). The transcriptional responses that follow signals transduced after trastuzumab binding of HER2 are less well understood. We mined published microarray and multiplexed gene expression data (2, 3) to understand in an unbiased fashion genes most differentially expressed in the primary tumors of breast cancer patients treated with trastuzumab. We found significant differential and over-expression of Notch4 (4, 5), described as a mammary proto-oncogene (4), in the primary tumors of breast cancer patients treated with trastuzumab.
PENGANTAR PROSES KEPERAWATAN
Authors: intan
Published: November 2020

Perawatan adalah sesuatu yang esensial dan sangat penting yang diberikan oleh perawat terhadap individu, keluarga dan masyarakat yang bertujuan untuk menyelesaikan masalah dan memenuhi kebutuhan pasien. Pelayanan yang diberikan adalah upaya untuk meningkatkan derajat kesehatan semaksimal mungkin sesuai dengan kemampuan yang dimiliki dalam menjalankan kegiatan promotif, kuratif, preventif dan rehabilitatif dengan menggunakan proses keperwatan. Layanan asuhan keperawatan dilaksanakan oleh tenaga keperawatan yang bekerja sama dengan tenaga kesehatan lainnya dalasm mencapai kesehatan yang optimal ( Effendy, 1995). Perawat sebagai profesi yang memiliki hubungan lebuh dekat dengan pasien dalam pemenuhan kebuthannya, dibutuhkan suatu pendekatan dengan metode ilmiah dan sistematis sehingga mempermudah pemecahan masalah pasien. Metode tersebut adalah proses keperawatan (Haryanto, 2008). Proses keperawatan merupakan metode ilmiah yang digunakan untuk memberikan asuhan keperawatan uang professional.
Slow uptake of PrEP: Behavioral predictors and the influence of price on PrEP uptake among MSM with a high interest in PrEP
Authors: van Dijk Mart , de Wit John , Guadamuz Thomas , Martinez Joel Eduardo , Jonas Kai
Published: November 2020

Despite the improved availability and affordability of PrEP in the Netherlands, PrEP uptake is low among men who have sex with men (MSM). To optimize uptake, it is important to identify facilitators and barriers of PrEP use. During our study period, the price of PrEP dropped significantly after generic PrEP was introduced. We investigated whether the price drop predicts PrEP uptake, alongside behavioral and demographic characteristics. Participants (N=349) were recruited online and completed three questionnaires over a period of six months, between February 2017 and March 2019. After six months, 159 (45.6%) participants were using PrEP. PrEP uptake was greater among MSM who ever had postexposure prophylaxis (PEP) treatment, among MSM with a better perceived financial situation, and when the price of PrEP dropped. MSM in a tighter perceived financial situation may use PrEP more when it would be free or fully reimbursed.
Developing a new national MDMA policy: Results of a multi-decision multi-criterion decision analysis (MD-MCDA)
Authors: van Amsterdam Jan , Peters Gjalt - Jorn Ygram , Pennings Ed , Blickman Tom , Hollemans Kaj , Breeksema Joost J. , Ramaekers Johannes , Maris Cees , van Bakkum Floor , Nabben Ton , Scholten Willem , Reitsma Tjibbe , Noijen Judith , Koning Raoul , van den Brink Wim
Published: November 2020

Background: MDMA (ecstasy, 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine) has a relatively low harm and low dependence liability but is scheduled on List I of the Dutch Opium Act together (“hard drugs”). Concerns surrounding increasing MDMA-related criminality coupled with the possibly inappropriate scheduling of MDMA initiated a debate to revise the current Dutch ecstasy policy.Methods: An interdisciplinary group of eighteen experts on health, social harms, and drug criminality and law enforcement reformulated science-based the Dutch MDMA policy using multi-decision multi-criterion decision analysis (MD-MCDA). The experts collectively formulated policy instruments and rated their effects on 25 outcome criteria, including health, criminality, law enforcement and financial issues, thematically grouped in six clusters.Results: [WILL BE ADDED ON 2020-11-13]Conclusion: [WILL BE ADDED ON 2020-11-13]
Batas desa
Authors: Ferdinas
Published: November 2020

Agar masyarakat mengetahui batas wilayahnya
Papan kadus
Authors: ahmad Asdar
Published: November 2020

Sebagai tanda pengenal papan kadus
Evaluasi Dalam Pendidikan Islam
Authors: Subagiya Bahrum
Published: November 2020

Dalam artikel ini akan dijelaskan bagaimana sesungguhnya evaluasi pendidikan dalam persfektif pendidikan Islam.
LAPORAN PEMBAGIAN MASKER BERLOGO YAPTI DI DESA TAROWANG
Authors: Real Rosa Wulandari
Published: November 2020

Kuliah kerja lapang plus (KKLP) merupakan suatu kegiatan perkuliahan yang bersifat intrakurikuler dalam bentuk pengabdian pada masyarakat yang dilakukan oleh mahasiswa dalam jangka waktu tertentu. oleh karena sifatnya intrakurikuler sehingga setiap mahasiswa yang akan menyelesaikan studi diperguruan tinggi pada suatu program strata satu (S1) harus mengikuti KKLP.
Protecting Warfighters from Superfluous Injury and Unnecessary Suffering
Authors: Liivoja Rain
Published: November 2020

[Law and the Future of War Research Paper No 4] This paper considers one of most fundamental of rules of the law of armed conflict on the means and methods of warfare, which has been captured in Article 35(2) of Additional Protocol I in the following language: ‘It is prohibited to employ weapons, projectiles and material and methods of warfare of a nature to cause superfluous injury or unnecessary suffering.’ The exclusive focus of this unnecessary suffering rule on the wellbeing of combatants arguably makes it exceptional in the fabric of the law of armed conflict. And the fierce agreement about the foundational nature of this rule is only matched by the disagreement as to its precise meaning and efficacy. This paper considers the origins of the rule, and how key aspects of the rule are interpreted. It then deals with one of the more contentious issues – namely whether the rule is only concerned with the inherent properties of particular weapons or whether it also deals with the use of weapons. The paper suggest, with particular reference to human enhancement, that a better reading of the rule would indeed capture the uses of weapons. The use of a weapon with a knowledge that it would cause superfluous injury or unnecessary suffering in the circumstances ought to be regarded as prohibited by the rule.
Refinement and Validation of the Balanced Inventory of Mindfulness-related Skills (BIMS)
Authors: Padmanabham Stephanie S , Bilgrami Zarina Rovane , Eisenlohr-Moul Tory A. , Van Dam Nicholas T
Published: November 2020

Objectives: The goal of the current study was to refine and validate a revision of the Five FacetMindfulness Questionnaire (FFMQ), with the goal of retaining its useful features and mitigatingthose features that have been identified to be problematic.Methods: A 30-item pilot version of the Balanced Inventory of Mindfulness-related Skills(BIMS) was developed by implementing the structured alternative item format (presenting bothpositive and negative aspects of each item) and revising the wording of items. Herein, wecollected data from a convenience sample of n=1,014 individuals, reduced to n=757 after datacleaning. We conducted exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analyses(CFA) on randomly separated subsets of the sample and explored response patterns andcorrelations with relevant measures (including a short-form of the FFMQ).Results: Parallel analysis and EFA indicated a five-factor, correlated structure across a final 27items (omitting 3 items due to poor fit), confirmed by CFA. A full sample CFA using anasymptotically distribution free fit function indicated excellent model fit (CFI/TLI > 0.99,RMSEA < 0.05, SRMR < 0.05). The BIMS scales exhibited strong correlations with the FFMQsubscales and related scales. The scale did not, however, reduce correlations with socialdesirability, which has been shown to be associated with method effects.Conclusions: The BIMS represents a psychometrically sound revision of the FFMQ that retainsthe five-factor structure of the original scale while eliminating method effects. It is stronglycorrelated with the original scale and exhibits comparable correlations with attentional control,emotion regulation, and personality characteristics. Critically, the BIMS represents a measure ofmindfulness-related skills, shifting the focus to clinically relevant constructs that may interactbut do not necessarily sum to a unitary trait.
Minimal impact of consolidation on learned switch-readiness
Authors: Bejjani Christina , Siqi-Liu Audrey , Egner Tobias
Published: November 2020

Adaptive behavior is characterized by our ability to create, maintain, and update (or switch) rules by which we categorize and respond to stimuli across changing contexts (cognitive flexibility). Recent research suggests that people can link the control process of task-switching to contextual cues through associative learning, whereby the behavioral cost of switching is reduced for contexts that require frequent switching. However, the conditions that govern such learned cognitive flexibility are poorly understood. One major unanswered question is whether this type of learning benefits from memory consolidation effects. To address this question, we manipulated whether task-sets and/or specific task stimuli were more frequently linked with task-switching (vs. repeating), and ran participants over two experimental sessions, separated by a twenty-four-hour delay. We expected that consolidation would facilitate learned cognitive flexibility, resulting in a greater reduction of switch costs with increasing task-switch likelihood on session 2 compared to session 1. Across two experiments, we observed robust learning of stimulus and task-set related cognitive flexibility in both sessions. However, we found little evidence for effects of consolidation on learned cognitive flexibility, as the magnitude of the LWPS did not change from session 1 to 2. Taken together, our results suggest that people reliably and quickly acquire task-set and stimulus-based switch associations, but that this form of control learning – unlike many instances of reward-based learning – does not benefit from long-term memory consolidation. Possible reasons for these findings are discussed.
It is better an approximate answer to the right question than the exact answer to the wrong question : the case of the psychometric analysis of the ASQ:SE
Authors: Anunciacao Luis , squires janet , Landeira-Fernandez J.
Published: November 2020

One of the main activities in psychometrics is to analyze the internal structure of a test. Multivariate statistical methods, including Exploratory Factor analysis (EFA) and Principal Component Analysis (PCA) are frequently used to do this, but the growth of Network Analysis (NA) places this method as a promising candidate. The results obtained by these methods are of valuable interest, as they not only produce evidence to explore if the test is measuring its intended construct, but also to deal with the substantive theory that motivated the test development. However, these different statistical methods come up with different answers, providing the basis for different analytical and theoretical strategies when one needs to choose a solution. In this study, we took advantage of a large volume of published data (n = 22,331) obtained by the Ages and Stages Questionnaire Social-Emotional (ASQ:SE), and formed a subset of 500 children to present and discuss alternative psychometric solutions to its internal structure, and also to its subjacent theory. The analyses were based on a polychoric matrix, the number of factors to retain followed several well-known rules of thumb, and a wide range of exploratory methods was fitted to the data, including EFA, PCA, and NA. The statistical outcomes were divergent, varying from 1 to 6 domains, allowing a flexible interpretation of the results. We argue that the use of statistical methods in the absence of a well-grounded psychological theory has limited applications, despite its appeal. All data and codes are available at https://osf.io/z6gwv/.
Collaboration: Exploring the Postgraduate Researcher’s superpower for addressing inequalities within academia
Authors: Prosser Annayah Miranda Beatrice
Published: November 2020

Inequalities within academia are rampant. Sexism, racism, classism and discrimination impose huge barriers to those entering academic work or study. These issues are amplified in times of crisis, such as COVID-19. As postgraduate researchers, we can often feel powerless to address these inequalities. We possess little status in academic power structures, and as such it can be difficult to ‘rock the boat’ or diverge from normalised patterns of discrimination within our fields. In this essay, I argue that while we may lack status, postgraduates can adapt and diversify our collaborations with others to effectively address inequality. I outline how collaboration can be a vital tool for elevating underrepresented voices within and outside academia and examine how students with funding in particular can play an important role in this. In diversifying our citations, networks and methods of collaboration, we can ensure increasing opportunities are available for underrepresented groups throughout the academic pipeline. As the next generation of scholars, postgraduate researchers can change the game for underrepresented groups, and ensuring we collaborate diversely is our superpower for doing so.
Partisan-Motivated Sampling: Re-Examining Politically Motivated Reasoning Across the Information Processing Stream
Authors: Derreumaux Yrian , Bergh Robin , Hughes Brent
Published: November 2020

America is increasingly ideologically polarized, fueling intergroup conflict and intensifying partisan biases in cognition and behavior. To date, research on intergroup bias has predominantly examined biases in how people search for information and how they interpret information in isolation. Here, we integrate these two perspectives to elucidate how partisan biases manifest across the information processing stream, beginning with (1) a biased selection of information, leading to (2) skewed samples of information that interact with (3) motivated interpretations to produce evaluative biases. Across 3 empirical studies and 3 internal meta-analyses, participants freely sampled information about ingroup and outgroup members or ingroup and outgroup political candidates until they felt confident to evaluate them. Replicating our results across these different sampling environments, we reliably find that the majority of participants begin sampling information from their own group, which was associated with individual differences in group-based motives, and that participants sampled overall more information from their own group. This, in turn, generates more variability in ingroup (relative to outgroup) experiences that subsequently fall prey to motivated interpretations. We further demonstrate that participants employ different sampling strategies over time when the ingroup is de facto worse than the outgroup, and that they asymmetrically integrate information into their evaluations based on the congeniality of initial experiences. The proposed framework extends classic findings in psychology by connecting people’s early experiences to downstream evaluative biases and has implications for intergroup bias interventions.
(Post-print) Attachment and mentalization as predictors of outcome in family therapy for adolescent anorexia nervosa
Authors: Jewell Tom , Herle Moritz , Serpell Lucy , Eivors Alison , Simic Mima , Fonagy Peter , Eisler Ivan
Published: November 2020

Objective: Anorexia nervosa focussed family therapy (FT-AN) is the first-line treatment for adolescent anorexia nervosa (AN), but the predictors of poor treatment response are not well-understood. The main aim of this study was to investigate the role of attachment and mentalization in predicting treatment outcome at nine months. Therapeutic alliance at one month was tested as a potential mediator of the effect of attachment and mentalization at baseline on outcome at nine months.Method: 192 adolescents with AN and their parents were recruited as they began family therapy in out-patient specialist eating disorder services. Self-report measures of attachment, mentalization and emotion regulation were completed at the start of treatment by adolescent patients and one of their parents. Self-reported alliance scores were collected at one month. Results: Higher scores on the Certainty Scale of the Reflective Functioning Questionnaire, completed by parents, which indicate over-certainty about mental states, were the strongest predictor of poor outcome (Odds Ratio: .42, CI: .20 to .87). Similarly, for adolescents, higher Lack of Clarity scores on the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale, representing being unclear about one’s feelings, were predictive of positive treatment outcome (OR: 1.10, CI: 1.00 - 1.21). Alliance scores at one month were predictive of success but did not play a mediating role in relation to baseline predictors.Conclusion: These novel findings suggest that, particularly in parents, a tendency towards inappropriate certainty about mental states in others may predict poor outcome in family therapy for adolescent AN. Further research is warranted to replicate the finding and characterise families at risk of poor outcome.
Effect Size Reporting and Interpretation in Social Personality Research
Authors: Farmus Linda , Beribisky Nataly , Gutierrez Naomi Martinez , Alter Udi , Panzarella Emily , Cribbie Rob
Published: November 2020

Reporting and interpreting effect sizes has been recommended by all major bodies within the field of Psychology. In this systematic review, we investigated the reporting of ES in six Social-Personality Psychology journals from 2018, given that this area has been at the center of Psychology’s replication crisis. Our results highlight that although ES reporting is near perfect (even for follow-up tests), interpreting the magnitude of ESs, including confidence intervals for ESs, and interpreting the precision of the confidence intervals needs development. We also highlight widespread confusion regarding the interpretations of the magnitude of effect sizes within the context of the research.
The Interplay Between Sleep and Executive Functioning in Children with Autism
Authors: Tesfaye Rackeb , Wright Nicola , Zaidman-Zait Anat , Bedford Rachael , Zwaigenbaum Lonnie , Kerns Connor , Duku Eric , Mirenda Pat , Bennett Teresa , Georgiades Stelios , Smith Isabel , Vaillancourt Tracy , Pickles Andrew , Szatmari Peter , Elsabbagh Mayada
Published: November 2020

Study Objectives: Up to 80% of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) experience sleep disturbance. Poor sleep impairs executive functioning (EF), a lifelong difficulty in ASD. Evidence suggests EF impairments in ASD is exacerbated by poor sleep. We examine whether early childhood sleep disturbances are associated with worsening EF trajectories in school-aged children with ASD. Methods: A subsample (n = 217) from the Pathways in ASD longitudinal study was analyzed. The Children’s Sleep Habits Questionnaire captured sleep duration, onset, and night awakenings before age 5 (Mean = 3.5 years). Metacognition (MI) and Behavioral Regulation (BRI) indices on the Teacher Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Functioning measured EF difficulties at four time-points (7-11 years). We applied latent growth curve models to examine associations between sleep and EF, accounting for relevant covariates, including school-age sleep (Mean = 6.7 years). Results: Longer sleep onset at 3.5 years predicted a worsening BRI difficulties slope (b = 2.07, p < 0.04), but conversely predicted lower BRI difficulties at age 7.7 (b = -4.14, p = 0.04). A longer sleep onset at age 6.7 predicted higher BRI difficulties at age 7.7 (b = 7.78, p < 0.01). Longer sleep duration at age 6.7 predicted higher BRI difficulties at age 7.7 (b = 3.15, p = 0.01), but subscale analyses revealed shorter sleep duration at age 6.7 predicted a worsening inhibition slope (b = -0.597, p = 0.01). Conclusions: Different sleep phenotypes have different age-related impacts on selective behavioral regulation components, but not metacognition. Delayed sleep onset is a robust early predictor, whereas shorter sleep duration is a later predictor of worsening behavior regulation in school-aged children with ASD.
An ethnographic approach to the study of folklore of Barumal village in India
Authors: Gupta Avinash , Roy Sneha
Published: November 2020

The focus of this ethnographic expedition is to study the folklore and traditions amongst the existing tribal populations of Barumal village in southern Gujarat, India. The fieldwork revolves around cultural and socio-economic aspects of their livelihood and this paper encompasses the knowledge from one such lens out of many. It tries to identify the importance of mythology and its roots. The data collected from three different population groups are Varlis, Kukanas, Dhodiya Patels that are set within the caste system based hierarchy inhabiting in the same region. The interview method was employed throughout with open-ended questions. The varied customs and traditions appearing in their lifestyle, occupation, and festivals are always associated with one god or another. The key informants felt the need to distinguish the history of their own tribe from the others by taking the help of myths passed down from their ancestors. Most of the key informants were mature adults including both males and females.
Activity Analysis of Albanian Speaking Facebook Accounts Spreading Violent Extremist Content
Authors: Fazliu Haris
Published: November 2020

The goal of this study was to identify Albanian speaking profiles on Facebook that support Islamic terrorist organizations and Islamic Violent Extremism (Jihadi) ideology and quantify their online activity.
Communism, Slavery and Social Policy: Investigating the Role of Worker Agency in the Development of Work-Injury Laws Globally
Authors: Breznau Nate
Published: November 2020

This paper discusses the impact of worker agency on adoption of national policies to protect against work-injury. It uses the lenses of communist revolution and colonial forced labour to shed light on this relationship. Some common elements in the experiences, livelihoods, opportunities and structures among successful communist revolutions and colonially imposed production systems should lead to more or less collective risk-pooling in a society as a result of worker agency; thus, to faster or slower adoption of full-coverage work-injury policies. The main empirical analysis is a regression predicting how long it takes a country to transition from a first work-injury law to a policy that provides risk pooling and full-coverage for blue-collar workers. The test variables are whether a country was communist and the year that both slavery and forced labour became illegal. The sample is a cross-sectional analysis of 173 countries using data from the late 1800s until 2020. These findings have potential value in guiding if not motivating future work on worker agency in macro-comparative statistical research, and for filling in some empirical blind spots of macro-theories on social policy and work-injury law specifically.
Perceived Pollution and Residential Sorting in Germany: Income May Not Sort, But it Helps to Escape
Authors: Rüttenauer Tobias , Best Henning
Published: November 2020

The disproportionate exposure of minorities and socio-economically disadvantaged households to environmental pollution is often explained by selective migration or sorting mechanisms. Yet, previous empirical findings remain inconclusive. In this study, we offer an explanation for mixed findings by focusing on the selective out-migration process triggered by environmental pollution. We use household-level panel data of the German SOEP from 1986 to 2016 and within-household estimates of correlated random effects probit models. More precisely, we test if the subjective impairment through air pollution selectively affects the probability of out-migration according to income and minority status. We find that perceived air pollution has a stronger effect on the likelihood of moving for households experiencing an income increase. Surprisingly, we find only small and imprecise differences between native German and first generation immigrant households, and a relatively large proportion of this difference can be explained by income. This indicates that selective out-migration processes substantially differ from selective in-migration processes, and environmental inequality research should more carefully distinguish the single steps of neighbourhood sorting.
IMPLEMENTASI METODE MIND MAPPING DALAM MENINGKATKAN MINAT DAN PRESTASI BELAJAR SISWA TERHADAP MATA PELAJARAN BAHASA INDONESIA DI SMA NEGERI 1 KOTO GASIB
Authors: Sumirah Sumirah
Published: November 2020

This study aims to determine the success of implementing the mind mapping method in increasing student interest and achievement in Indonesian subjects. The data collection technique of this research is observation, distributing questionnaires and daily tests. Observation data collection techniques using observation sheets about student learning interest and student completeness. The questionnaire distribution technique uses a questionnaire that will be filled in by students and the test technique uses a question sheet. The research method used is Classroom Action Research (PTK) with a research procedure of 2 cycles, each cycle for 3 meetings. The results of the study proved that students were very happy or enthusiastic about taking lessons using the mind mapping method. Students are also very active in following lessons. The teacher's appearance and the material presented are quite good, engaging and easy for students to accept. At the time of the test, all students seemed busy in doing the assignment and all students could complete the task well.
MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR DAN AKTIVITAS SISWA DALAM PEMBELAJARAN IPA MELALUI MODEL PEMBELAJARAN BERBASIS PENEMUAN (DISCOVERY LEARNING) KELAS VI MADINAH SD NEGERI 002 KUOK
Authors: Asna Asna
Published: November 2020

The purpose of this study was to improve learning outcomes, improve science learning activities for fourth grade students of Madina SD Negeri 002 Terpadu Kuok, Kuok District, Kampar Regency and to motivate teachers to develop learning models and strategies in the science learning process. The research model is Classroom Action Research. This study uses a Discovery Learning model. The application of Classroom Action Research has the objective of improving and or increasing science learning achievement. The results showed: (1) By using the Discovery Learning-based learning model in science learning, student learning outcomes in each cycle experienced significant changes. Student learning outcomes in cycle 1 an average of 71.60 with completeness 22.72% then increased in cycle 2 an average of 85.93 with completeness 95.45% with 21 students complete and 1 student who has not completed. Students who are active in learning reach 92%. After the implementation of the appropriate Discovery Learning-based learning model, the activities and achievements of science learning in Grade VI Madina SD Negeri 002 Integrated Kuok can increase.
Significant accomplishment of the post-disaster housing reconstruction: A community perspective from 2015 earthquake affected communities in Nepal
Authors: Suvedi Mukti
Published: November 2020

In spite of the significant grants and supports after 2015 earthquake, housing reconstruction faced numerous challenges in addressing the needs of the disaster affected communities. The earthquake threatened almost all aspects of the societies in14 of the most affected districts. Government of Nepal and various development partners, including bilateral agencies, were involved in the implementation of housing reconstruction projects in different districts. All these initiatives in communities yielded diverse results. Because of the resulting disquiet from the public, the post-disaster housing reconstruction is becoming the concern and dilemma to researchers, development and humanitarian organizations worldwide. It is evident that private housing reconstruction is complicated and slow process, which is knotted with social, economic, and political dimensions. The paper highlights the significant contributing factors for accomplishing the housing reconstruction after the earthquake. A multi-dimensional holistic approach interprets the nexus of successful reconstruction, which are discussed in the paper. This paper serves as a valuable resource that highlights the significant factors for the government, development and humanitarian partners, and researchers.
An analysis of major environmental threats to human security in Nepal
Authors: Adhikari Naresh Bhakta
Published: November 2020

The paper mainly analyses the environmental threats focusing on climate change to human security in Nepal. Major aspects of human security are interlinked and interconnected in our context. Among them, human security offers much to the vibrant field of environmental security in Nepal. Environmental threats are linked to the overall impact on human survival, well-being, and productivity. A great deal of human security is tied to peoples’ access to natural resources and vulnerabilities to environmental change. The major environmental threats in our context is the climate change which have widespread implications for Nepal, causing impacts to water availability, agricultural production, forestry, among many other detrimental effects. The critical threat of environmental security needs to be taken into serious consideration to save our succeeding generation. This article primarily interpreted the government action towards emerging environmental threat based on realist approach. For the study of theme of this article, descriptive and analytical research has been used to draw present major environmental threats in Nepal. With consideration to factors, this article attempted to identify the major environmentally vulnerable areas that are likely to hamper the overall status of human security in Nepal. This paper also tried to suggest the measures to enhance the environmental security considering prospects and policy focusing on Nepalese diverse aspects.
Economic dimension of India’s foreign policy towards Russia: Late 20th- early 21st century
Authors: Rahman Md. Sayedur , Tul-Kubra Shakila
Published: November 2020

In the international framework India is finding a larger position for itself. This hope is focused on the belief that India is a prosperous democracy with substantial human and material resources; it is an increasingly strong economic power; it has a proven record as a responsible and law-abiding regime, and as a member of the non-aligned party it has consistently shared the interests of the developing nations. Indian foreign policy makers argue that India wants to re-invent itself at this point of 'take-off' as a great force. India needs new alliance for the proposed new position, including the dominant superpower, the United States of America (US). The US has said it would turn India into a great force. This essay attempts to examine the old pattern of relations with Russia that India had enjoyed. There's an Indo-US triangular alliance taking its place. How is this current type of strategic partnership distinct from that of the Indo Soviet/ Russian alliance? However, both countries' natural desire to strive towards multi polarity in world politics has helped restore the relationship, particularly over the past decade. Remarkably, ties with the US no longer stand in the way of stronger relations between India and Russia. The turbulent security climate marked by what is frequently assumed to be the state-sponsored insurgency invulnerable Asian areas, the war in Afghanistan, and the political turmoil in both Afghanistan and Central Asian countries has paved the way for a strategic alliance between India and Russia.
Impact of epidemic infectious disease and death on stock returns: Evidences from Asian stock markets with COVID-19
Authors: Sapkota Shiba Prasad
Published: November 2020

The causal comparative study regarding impact of pandemic COVID-19 on stock return revealed that the changes on daily confirmed new cases have been severely inflected stock returns in overall as well as cross-over the industries. Whereas, the influence of death form COVID-19 found negative but mostly insignificant. The categorical variables size of economy, geographical area, regulations, and country specific impact have been found very low. The empirical evidences were examined using causality test with the backing of regression. The study period has covered 20thJanuary to 30thMay 2020, considering eight nations: China, India, Israel, Japan, Korea Republic, Malaysia, Saudi Arabia, and United Arab Emirates, as samples.
Principles of Stacktivism
Authors: Lovink Geert
Published: November 2020

In this essay a new form of Internet activism is proposed: stacktivism. Building on hacktivist practices, this form of code and standard development as political struggle is envisioned to connect different layers of the techno-protological stack (also known as the Internet) in order build bridges between different, still isolated institutional levels and disciplinary practices such as grassroots wifi-access initiatives, interface design, geeks, computer scientists and governance experts. How do we envision a public stack that goes beyond the structures such ICANN, IETF and IGF that can take up the task to rebuild the Internet as a decentralized, federated, public infrastructure?