bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Formation of the Company's Corporate Brand As a Sign of Its Recognition in the Labor Market
Authors: Lyubina V. , Mihaylova N.
Published: March 2021

The paper shows the main signs of the company's recognition, the relevance of which is quite obvious in the formation of the employer's brand, and is presented by the high rate of development of modern markets with growing competition on the example of the mining enterprise PJSC Priargunsky Industrial Mining and Chemical Association. The company's tactics, aimed at attracting, developing and promoting personnel, is a key element not only of the management system, but of the entire positioning and foreign policy of the company in the labor market.
The Importance of Research Management of Employment of Migrants in the Territory of the Russian Federation
Authors: Gasparovich E. , Duyar E.
Published: March 2021

In the current socio-economic conditions in Russia, there are tendencies for an increase in the number of foreign migrants arriving in the country for different purposes, for example, work and education. In the process of finding a job, migrants face various kinds of problems. Relying on the work of Russian scientists, theorists and practitioners, as well as statistics, the relevance, novelty and significance of the study of the problems of managing the employment of migrants on the territory of the Russian Federation are substantiated. The article presents a description and results of an empirical study of problems in the field of management of employment of migrants on the territory of the Russian Federation. The features of the management of the employment of migrants in the territory of the Russian Federation are revealed. The significance of the study of the problems of managing the employment of migrants on the territory of the Russian Federation was determined, which made it possible to identify: the negative consequences of the influence of the problems in the sphere of managing the employment of labor and educational migrants on the Russian economic situation and the labor market; the positive consequences of solving the problems of managing the employment of labor and educational migrants and their productive impact on the Russian economic situation and the labor market. The result of the study is to identify vectors for solving the problems of managing the employment of migrants on the territory of the Russian Federation. The importance of studying the problems of employment management of labor and educational migrants is of practical interest, since it allows, on the basis of personnel management, to successfully implement this process in the conditions of the Russian economy. The information obtained will contribute to the development of employment and professional career management programs, taking into account the specifics of the problems of labor and educational migrants.
Enumerando las causas de la impunidad. Reflexiones para iniciar una estrategia antimpunidad
Authors: Vázquez Valencia Luis Daniel
Published: March 2021

¿Qué elementos debemos ordenar y mapear antes de iniciar una estrategia anticorrupción? Es necesario aclarar tres puntos: ¿cuál es el tipo de impunidad que queremos combatir? ¿En qué órganos o unidad(es) de análisis realizaremos la política anti-impunidad? ¿Cuáles son las distintas causas que general el tipo de impunidad que nos interesa disminuir en el órgano concreto que estamos analizando? En el artículo se responden estas preguntas.
A Theoretical Analysis of the Lean Start-up Method
Authors: Yoo Onesun Steve , Huang Tingliang , Arifoğlu Kenan
Published: March 2021

This paper analyzes the build-test-learn cycle of the lean start-up method (LSM) using an analytical model to understand its microfoundation and how best to implement it.
Revisiting Ellsberg’s and Machina’s Paradoxes: A Two-Stage Evaluation Model Under Ambiguity
Authors: He Ying
Published: March 2021

In this paper, a two-stage evaluation (TSE) model for decision making under ambiguity is proposed. Events in state space are classified into risky and ambiguous events, which correspond to different types of uncertainty generated by different sources. In this TSE model, uncertainty of two different types are evaluated by decision maker (DM) in different stages. In the first stage, DM evaluates more uncertain consequences of an act locally by applying local subjective expected utility (SEU) models, which are then embedded into the second-stage evaluation based on SEU defined globally over all events. To axiomatize such a model, the small domain SEU over risky acts is extended to both risky and nonrisky (ambiguous) acts. When evaluating a risky act, TSE model reduces to Savage’s SEU with one stage. When evaluating an ambiguous act, local SEU with a different uncertainty aversion defined on ambiguous events gives TSE model some flexibility in describing preferences. It can be shown that TSE model can accommodate Ellsberg’s paradoxes and Machina’s paradoxes in the literature. When applied to portfolio selection problem, TSE model enjoys some nice properties other models do not have.

This paper was accepted by Manel Baucells, decision analysis.
Integrated Online Learning and Adaptive Control in Queueing Systems with Uncertain Payoffs
Authors: Hsu Wei-Kang , Xu Jiaming , Lin Xiaojun , Bell Mark R.
Published: March 2021

Many online service platforms have dedicated algorithms to match their available resources to incoming clients to maximize client satisfaction. One of the key challenges is to balance the generation of higher payoffs from existing clients and exploration of new clients’ unknown characteristics while at the same time satisfy the resource capacity constraints. In “Integrated Online Learning and Adaptive Control in Queueing Systems with Uncertain Payoffs,” Hsu, Xu, Lin, and Bell show that traditional approaches such as maximizing instantaneous payoffs with current knowledge or using queue-length based controls guided by “shadow prices,” would lead to suboptimal long-term payoffs. Instead, they propose a novel utility-guided assignment algorithm that seamlessly integrates online learning and adaptive control to provide high system payoffs with performance guarantees. The theoretical performance bound also lends system design insights into the impact of uncertain client dynamics, payoff learning, and backlogged clients. They further develop a decentralized version of the algorithm, which is applicable to large systems and performs well even when the service rates are random.
Attention to Exploration: The Effect of Academic Entrepreneurship on the Production of Scientific Knowledge
Authors: Fini Riccardo , Perkmann Markus , Ross Jan-Michael
Published: March 2021

We study how becoming an entrepreneur affects academic scientists’ research. We propose that entrepreneurship will shift scientists’ attention away from intradisciplinary research questions and toward new bodies of knowledge relevant for downstream technology development. This will propel scientists to engage in exploration, meaning they work on topics new to them. In turn, this shift toward exploration will enhance the impact of the entrepreneurial scientist’s subsequent research, as concepts and models from other bodies of knowledge are combined in novel ways. Entrepreneurship leads to more impactful research, mediated by exploration. Using panel data on the full population of scientists at a large research university, we find support for this argument. Our study is novel in that it identifies a shift of attention as the mechanism underpinning the beneficial spillover effects from founding a venture on the production of public science. A key implication of our study is that commercial work by academics can drive fundamental advances in science.
“Orgulho de ser Hetero”? Disputas em torno das masculinidades em uma página do Facebook
Authors: Klein Carin , Santos Alison Dos
Published: March 2021

O presente trabalho tem como objetivo analisar a produção e a veiculação de representações de masculinidades e de feminilidades em uma página do Facebook, intitulada “Orgulho de ser Hetero”. O estudo insere-se nos campos teóricos dos Estudos Culturais e Estudos de Gênero, em aproximação com a perspectiva pós-estruturalista. Para a operacionalização da pesquisa, selecionamos um conjunto de imagens e textos, a fim de explorá-los a partir dos conceitos de cultura, representação e gênero, com a intenção de discutirmos as representações de gênero que estão sendo ali veiculadas, ou seja, realizamos o exame de como elas vêm sendo nomeadas, reforçadas, re/atualizadas, tensionadas e negociadas, por meio dos sentidos que se incorporam a elas nesse contexto.
Formação continuada em educação especial e a cooperação intersetorial
Authors: Fernandes Ana Paula Cunha dos Santos
Published: March 2021

Analisar a cooperação entre os setores do governo estadual voltados para a formação continuada em educação especial é o objetivo deste artigo. Configura-se de abordagem qualitativa e os dados foram analisados com aproximação de autores da área e legislação vigente. Participaram da referida formação continuada trezentos profissionais da rede estadual entre professores, técnicos e gestores de todo o estado do Pará. Os resultados mostram pontos positivos como a interação e cooperação entre a secretaria de educação e a universidade; e negativos em relação à educação a distância, como ausência de familiaridade com a plataforma utilizada. Registra-se que houve aproximação das instituições nos diferentes níveis, refletindo na cooperação dentro das escolas.
Análise Temática Dialógica aplicada a uma roda de conversa com crianças: uma explanação baseada em relato de pesquisa
Authors: Krüger Fernandes Larissa , Martins Ribeiro Lady Daiane , Teixeira Borges Fabrícia
Published: March 2021

Este artigo tem o objetivo de apresentar a Análise Temática Dialógica, seus fundamentos epistemológicos e sua aplicação em um contexto de pesquisa qualitativa com crianças. Partindo da concepção de linguagem elaborada e desenvolvida pelo Círculo de Bakhtin, apresentam-se os pressupostos que embasam esse tipo de análise: o caráter dialógico da língua, o entendimento da palavra como signo ideológico e a concepção de tema. São abordados também os conceitos de endereçamento e alteridade que guiam as análises, de modo que todo enunciado do(a) participante é considerado em relação ao outro – ou aos outros – a quem ele(a) se dirige. Após essa explanação inicial, apresenta-se um relato prático da aplicação da Análise Temática Dialógica às informações produzidas em uma pesquisa sobre tecnologia com crianças. A pesquisa se utilizou de roda de conversa como procedimento metodológico para investigar os significados presentes nas falas das crianças participantes sobre a presença das tecnologias em suas vidas.
Tramas da memória: entrevista com idealizadoras e editoras/or da Revista Teias
Authors: Paiva Jane , Leonardi Paula
Published: March 2021

Fundadoras e editoras/or de Teias concedem entrevistas às atuais editoras no intuito de recuperar, pela memória de profissionais envolvidos com a criação da Revista, uma história dos movimentos realizados, no ano em que completa 20 anos de existência. São elas: Ira Maciel, Elizabeth Macedo, Ana Chrystina Mignot, Inês Barbosa de Oliveira, Nilda Alves. Participou, também, Rafael Marques Gonçalves que atuou como editor em tempos recentes. A coleta de perspectivas e memórias não se fez em modelo tradicional de live coletiva, com posicionamento de cada entrevistada/o e, futuramente, de transcrição. O que denominamos “roda de conversa” deu-se pela recriação de possíveis diálogos das/o entrevistadas/o, aprovados por elas/ele depois de organizados, redigidos, transcriados no texto a seguir. Inaugura-se uma forma de entrevista em tempos pandêmicos que não exigiu o face-a-face com as/o entrevistadas/o, mas a mediação escrita e metodológica das editoras para a construção e registro de uma história de Teias.
The veterinary surgeon and the farmer — controlling TB farm by farm
Authors: Russell James
Published: March 2021

In considering how tuberculosis (TB) affects cattle across the UK, the British Veterinary Association (BVA) has coordinated with representatives of the farming, veterinary and scientific communities from throughout the UK to bring out a new policy position on bovine TB. In it BVA seeks to draw on the social science of behavioural change, as well as the best available evidence to support each of the recommendations. By advocating strengthening the team of farmer, private veterinary surgeon and government at a single farm unit level, BVA believes that engagement with control and prevention strategies can be improved. Access to local, current data will be a powerful tool in motivating the conversations between veterinary surgeons and farmers on appropriate measures to be taken over and above the statutory minimum on each farm. Increasing knowledge of when and how to apply different testing modalities, as well as government support for their use, will enable ownership of both the disease and its solutions farm by farm.
Validation of joint space narrowing on plain radiographs and its relevance to partial knee arthroplasty
Authors: Khury Farouk , Fuchs Michael , Awan Malik Hassan , Leiprecht Janina , Reichel Heiko , Faschingbauer Martin
Published: March 2021

Aims

To explore the clinical relevance of joint space width (JSW) narrowing on standardized-flexion (SF) radiographs in the assessment of cartilage degeneration in specific subregions seen on MRI sequences in knee osteoarthritis (OA) with neutral, valgus, and varus alignments, and potential planning of partial knee arthroplasty.

Methods

We retrospectively reviewed 639 subjects, aged 45 to 79 years, in the Osteoarthritis Initiative (OAI) study, who had symptomatic knees with Kellgren and Lawrence grade 2 to 4. Knees were categorized as neutral, valgus, and varus knees by measuring hip-knee-angles on hip-knee-ankle radiographs. Femorotibial JSW was measured on posteroanterior SF radiographs using a special software. The femorotibial compartment was divided into 16 subregions, and MR-tomographic measurements of cartilage volume, thickness, and subchondral bone area were documented. Linear regression with adjustment for age, sex, body mass index, and Kellgren and Lawrence grade was used.

Results

We studied 345 neutral, 87 valgus, and 207 varus knees. Radiological JSW narrowing was significantly (p < 0.01) associated with cartilage volume and thickness in medial femorotibial compartment in neutral ( r = 0.78, odds ratio (OR) 2.33) and varus knees ( r = 0.86, OR 1.92), and in lateral tibial subregions in valgus knees ( r = 0.87, OR 3.71). A significant negative correlation was found between JSW narrowing and area of subchondral bone in external lateral tibial subregion in valgus knees ( r = −0.65, p < 0.01) and in external medial tibial subregion in varus knees ( r = −0.77, p < 0.01). No statistically significant correlation was found in anterior and posterior subregions.

Conclusion

SF radiographs can be potentially used for initial detection of cartilage degeneration as assessed by MRI in medial and lateral but not in anterior or posterior subregions. Cite this article: Bone Joint Res 2021;10(3):173–187.
We are not all the same: what motivates individuals to be members of professional associations varies by sector
Authors: Young Sarah , Berlan David
Published: March 2021

Does the sector that an individual works in influence their motivation to participate in voluntary associations? Private and public engagement motivation theories hold that individuals participate in these collective action associations to either benefit themselves or benefit the common good, respectively. While previous research has evaluated motivations to join, the influence of engagement motivation theory by sector has yet to be evaluated. This study uses the 2011 American Society of Association Executives’ (ASAE) ‘Decision to Join II’ study to examine whether an individual’s sector influences their motivation to engage in formal, voluntary collective action networks. We found that non-profit and government sector employees value benefits that impact the public good more than benefits that directly impact themselves. These findings suggest that there may be a difference in the type of benefits that individuals who work in for-profit, non-profit and government sectors value when deciding whether or not to engage in voluntary associations.
Measurement of phase and group refractive indices and dispersion of thermo-optic and strain-optic coefficients of optical fibers using weak fiber Bragg gratings
Authors: Cruz J. L. , Barmenkov Y. O. , Díez A. , Andres M. V.
Published: March 2021

In this work we report on the measurement, with record accuracy, of the
absolute modal effective refraction index (phase index) of single-mode
optical fibers by using Bragg gratings. We also demonstrate a new
method to measure the group index of the fibers from the grating’s
Bragg wavelength. We present as well the characterization of the
thermo-optic and strain-optic coefficients as a function of the
wavelength; the values we have obtained are the closest to those of
pristine fiber measured with gratings technology so far. The phase
index is measured with a set of gratings in the wavelength ranges from
1509 to 1563 nm, and the group index is obtained from the wavelength
dependence of the phase index. Very weak gratings with reflectivity
down to

1

0

−
3

have been used in order to minimize
the perturbation of the pristine fiber. Results are presented at a
temperature of 22°C and zero strain after preliminary calibration of
the thermo-optic and strain-optic coefficients as a function of the
wavelength. Accuracies better than

3

×

1

0

−
5

and

7

×

1

0

−
4

have been achieved for the phase and
group indices, respectively. It is also shown that the main source of
error relates to the uncertainty in pitch of the phase masks used for
grating inscription. The technique is useful for testing different
kinds of fibers including telecommunication, amplifying, and
polarization maintaining.
Types of acousto-optic interactions between acoustic and circularly polarized optical waves:case of Pb5Ge3O11 crystals
Authors: Mys O. , Krupych O. , Martynyuk-Lototska I. , Orykhivskyi I. , Kostyrko M. , Vlokh R.
Published: March 2021

In the present work, we analyze acousto-optic (AO) interactions between
acoustic waves (AW) and circularly polarized optical eigenwaves in
gyrotropic crystals. We find that the AO diffraction of circularly
polarized eigenwaves can be divided into six different interaction
types. Contrary to the AO interactions analyzed earlier for the case
of linearly polarized optical eigenwaves, we distinguish three
isotropic interaction types and three anisotropic ones. Moreover,
unlike the isotropic AO interactions of linearly polarized eigenwaves
of

n
o

-

n
o

and

n
e

-

n
e

interaction types, the effective
elasto-optic coefficient (EEC) in the case of interactions between
circularly polarized eigenwaves does not depend on the sign of an
incident circular optical wave. The anisotropy of the EEC and AO
figure of merit is analyzed for a particular case of lead germanate
crystals,

P
b

5

G
e

3

O

11

. We demonstrate that the maximal AO
figures of merit are achieved for type I isotropic diffraction at the
quasi-longitudinal AW. Our calculations are confirmed by the
experimental data obtained for the EEC using the Dixon–Cohen method.
The experiment is concerned with the AO interactions of circular
eigenwaves in

P
b

5

G
e

3

O

11

.
Integrated photonics on thin-film lithium niobate
Authors: Zhu Di , Shao Linbo , Yu Mengjie , Cheng Rebecca , Desiatov Boris , Xin C. J. , Hu Yaowen , Holzgrafe Jeffrey , Ghosh Soumya , Shams-Ansari Amirhassan , Puma Eric , Sinclair Neil , Reimer Christian , Zhang Mian , Lončar Marko
Published: March 2021

Lithium niobate (LN), an outstanding and versatile material, has influenced our daily life for decades—from enabling high-speed optical communications that form the backbone of the Internet to realizing radio-frequency filtering used in our cell phones. This half-century-old material is currently embracing a revolution in thin-film LN integrated photonics. The successes of manufacturing wafer-scale, high-quality thin films of LN-on-insulator (LNOI) and breakthroughs in nanofabrication techniques have made high-performance integrated nanophotonic components possible. With rapid development in the past few years, some of these thin-film LN devices, such as optical modulators and nonlinear wavelength converters, have already outperformed their legacy counterparts realized in bulk LN crystals. Furthermore, the nanophotonic integration has enabled ultra-low-loss resonators in LN, which has unlocked many novel applications such as optical frequency combs and quantum transducers. In this review, we cover—from basic principles to the state of the art—the diverse aspects of integrated thin-film LN photonics, including the materials, basic passive components, and various active devices based on electro-optics, all-optical nonlinearities, and acousto-optics. We also identify challenges that this platform is currently facing and point out future opportunities. The field of integrated LNOI photonics is advancing rapidly and poised to make critical impacts on a broad range of applications in communication, signal processing, and quantum information.
Exploiting the single-photon detection performance of InGaAs negative-feedback avalanche diode with fast active quenching
Authors: Liu Junliang , Xu Yining , Li Yongfu , Liu Zhaojun , Zhao Xian
Published: March 2021

InGaAs/InP-based negative-feedback avalanche diodes (NFADs) for 1550 nm single-photon detection with easy-to-use and low-afterpulsing features have attracted many researchers on lidar and quantum optics. Here we present a fast active-quenching circuit specifically designed to exploit the performance of a multi-mode fiber coupled NFAD for free-running operation by a further suppression on afterpulsing effects. The quenching and recovery processes of the device were characterized using electroluminescent method and a novel dual-pulse method, respectively. Results show that the proposed circuit was capable of reducing the time required for quenching and recovery process of the NFAD by approximately 20 ns, and contributed to a reduction in the number of avalanche carriers by up to 30%. As a result, the total afterpulse probability (TAP) of the NFAD with active quenching was reduced by up to 70% compared with the condition without active quenching, and by approximately 90% compared with a standard InGaAs SPAD at the photon detection efficiency (PDE) of 20%. The TAP of the proposed detector was lower than 11% when the dead time was longer than 200 ns, 600 ns, and 2 μs at the PDE of 10%, 15%, and 25%, respectively, and the usable dead time was down to 80 ns with a TAP of 20.4% at the PDE of 10%, 1550 nm, 223 K, where the DCR was as low as 918 Hz. The low-afterpulsing, low-dead-time, low-DCR features of this compact detector makes it especially suitable for use in lidar applications.
Evolution of all-optical electromagnetically induced absorption and induced transparency in triple-microcavity-based one-dimensional photonic crystals
Authors: Naweed Ahmer
Published: March 2021

All-optical analogs of electromagnetically induced absorption (EIA) and electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) are important for light storage, sensing, and optical communication. Here, we report results of a computational study focusing on the EIA and EIT characteristics of triple-microcavity hosting one-dimensional photonic crystals (PHCs). In contrast to previous experimental investigation of dual PHC cavities, realization EIA and EIT in the triple-cavity PHC is not restricted to reflection and transmission, respectively. In addition, the dispersive response of the triple-cavity is also distinct since EIA in the triple-cavity may lead to the generation of both sub- and superluminal light pulses. Furthermore, the dispersion of the system at either output may be reversed by altering the distribution of the coupled light among the three cavities. Finally, we discuss the experimental implementation of these features based on a single monolithic PHC and show tuning of the EIA and EIT phenomenon over a broad spectral range by using strain-tunable polymer-based PHC microcavities. Among others, these findings are advantageous for realizing ultra-narrow bandwidth optical filters, all-optical switching, temporal control of cavity quantum electrodynamics effects, and on-chip dispersion control.
Optimising predictive modelling of Ross River virus using meteorological variables
Authors: Koolhof Iain S. , Firestone Simon M. , Bettiol Silvana , Charleston Michael , Gibney Katherine B. , Neville Peter J. , Jardine Andrew , Carver Scott
Published: March 2021

Background

Statistical models are regularly used in the forecasting and surveillance of infectious diseases to guide public health. Variable selection assists in determining factors associated with disease transmission, however, often overlooked in this process is the evaluation and suitability of the statistical model used in forecasting disease transmission and outbreaks. Here we aim to evaluate several modelling methods to optimise predictive modelling of Ross River virus (RRV) disease notifications and outbreaks in epidemiological important regions of Victoria and Western Australia.

Methodology/Principal findings

We developed several statistical methods using meteorological and RRV surveillance data from July 2000 until June 2018 in Victoria and from July 1991 until June 2018 in Western Australia. Models were developed for 11 Local Government Areas (LGAs) in Victoria and seven LGAs in Western Australia. We found generalised additive models and generalised boosted regression models, and generalised additive models and negative binomial models to be the best fit models when predicting RRV outbreaks and notifications, respectively. No association was found with a model’s ability to predict RRV notifications in LGAs with greater RRV activity, or for outbreak predictions to have a higher accuracy in LGAs with greater RRV notifications. Moreover, we assessed the use of factor analysis to generate independent variables used in predictive modelling. In the majority of LGAs, this method did not result in better model predictive performance.

Conclusions/Significance

We demonstrate that models which are developed and used for predicting disease notifications may not be suitable for predicting disease outbreaks, or vice versa. Furthermore, poor predictive performance in modelling disease transmissions may be the result of inappropriate model selection methods. Our findings provide approaches and methods to facilitate the selection of the best fit statistical model for predicting mosquito-borne disease notifications and outbreaks used for disease surveillance.
Probabilistic social learning improves the public’s judgments of news veracity
Authors: Guilbeault Douglas , Woolley Samuel , Becker Joshua
Published: March 2021

The digital spread of misinformation is one of the leading threats to democracy, public health, and the global economy. Popular strategies for mitigating misinformation include crowdsourcing, machine learning, and media literacy programs that require social media users to classify news in binary terms as either true or false. However, research on peer influence suggests that framing decisions in binary terms can amplify judgment errors and limit social learning, whereas framing decisions in probabilistic terms can reliably improve judgments. In this preregistered experiment, we compare online peer networks that collaboratively evaluated the veracity of news by communicating either binary or probabilistic judgments. Exchanging probabilistic estimates of news veracity substantially improved individual and group judgments, with the effect of eliminating polarization in news evaluation. By contrast, exchanging binary classifications reduced social learning and maintained polarization. The benefits of probabilistic social learning are robust to participants’ education, gender, race, income, religion, and partisanship.
Misinformation on COVID-19 origin and its relationship with perception and knowledge about social distancing: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Reyes Lenisse M. , Ortiz Lilibeth , Abedi Maxwell , Luciano Yenifel , Ramos Wilma , Reyes Pablo J. de Js.
Published: March 2021

Despite the vast scientific evidence obtained from the genomic sequencing of COVID-19, controversy regarding its origin has been created in the mass media. This could potentially have a long-term influence on the behavior among individuals, such as failure to comply with proposed social distancing measures, leading to a consequent rise in the morbidity and mortality rates from COVID-19 infection. Several studies have collected information about knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding COVID-19; however, very little is known about the relationship of the perceptions of the individuals regarding the origin of the virus with the knowledge and perception about social distancing. This study aimed at ascertaining this relationship. For such purpose, a web-based cross-sectional study was conducted among a sample population from five provinces of the Dominican Republic from June to July of 2020. The data collection instrument exploited in the study was a self-designed questionnaire distributed throughout different social media platforms. A purposive sampling strategy was implemented and a total of 1195 respondents completed the questionnaire. The collected data was analyzed using SPSS. Descriptive statistics, stepwise multiple linear regression, and one-way multivariate analysis were implemented to test the hypotheses. The level of education was significantly associated (P= .017) with individuals’ perception about the origin of COVID-19, whilst only age (P= .032) and education level (P< .001) statistically significantly predicted ‘knowledge about social distancing’. Perception of COVID-19 origin was statistically significant associated (P= < .001) with the measures of the dependent variables (knowledge and perception on social distancing). The present study has established a possible link between the ‘perception of COVID-19 origin’ and ‘the perception and knowledge about social distancing’.
Italy’s ragioniere? The national and international relevance of Ugo Fantozzi
Authors: McKenzie Rory
Published: March 2021

Ugo Fantozzi was given life by author and actor Paolo Villaggio in the late 1960s. Inarguably a staple figure within Italian comedy and society, this character remains relevant in modern-day society despite the last film being released in 1999. The Italianità of the Fantozzi series, partially based on people from Villaggio’s life, is unmistakeable. In this article, the Fantozzi films are analysed to show how Fantozzi can be considered so uniquely Italian through many of the themes, dialogue and references to society and culture, yet, at the same time, a universal comedic figure who shares many traits with very well-known and well-regarded British and American television comedy series. Fantozzi, however, never made it to English-speaking shores. While it is likely we will never know the success the franchise could have had, this article shows that it had every possibility of being a success.
‘Rupturas’ urbanas-territoriales entre ciudad-paisaje: Construcción póstuma de un entorno metropolitano en la encrucijada
Authors: Lekerikabeaskoa Gaztañaga Amaia , Vivas Ziarrusta Isusko
Published: March 2021

El objetivo de la investigación reverbera varias circunstancias actuales del territorio-paisaje suburbano/ periurbano de Bilbao que se manifiestan en la ciudad conurbana. Aglomeración de carácter metropolitano, la desaparición de las huellas industriales lega una urbe extensa, expandida al territorio, condicionada por la re-creación de imagen e imaginario. Desde las herencias identitarias reconvertidas en ambientes internacionalmente intercambiables y evocaciones con sus parámetros socioculturales (Delgado 2011) e iconográfico-simbólicos, hasta estrategias de incorporación de mobiliario, escultura pública y elementos conmemorativos de índole monumental (Arnaiz, Elorriaga, Laka Moreno 1998). Empeños en los que constantemente se apela al arte-acicate, a la arquitectura como emblema, a la planificación urbana y ordenación del territorio, a los entresijos económicos y al concepto de ciudadanía para la conformación de neo-relatos (Etxarte 2019). Aspectos en los que no pueden soslayarse los problemas de sostenibilidad urbana (Naredo 2004) y/o paisajística a nivel estético (Milikua, 2018), que inciden tanto en centros-núcleos históricos como Ciutat Vella (Aranburu 2002) o Megapark en Bilbao.
Hogyan mentsük meg a demokráciát a technológiától? Recenzió és kritika Francis Fukuyama, Barak Richman, and Ashish Goel: How to Save Democracy From Technology, Big Tech threatens democracy. Few have considered a practical solution: taking away the platforms’ role as gatekeepers of content. Foreign Affairs, (2021. Január/Február) című cikkéről
Authors: Lits Levente
Published: March 2021

A szerzőhármas, Francis Fukuyama, Barak Richman és Ashish Goel által írt cikk a nagy technológiai cégek piac- és politikatorzító hatásaira keres orvosságot. A nagy technológiai vállalatok monopóliumait felszámolandó olyan javaslatokat és áttekintést tesz, ami a vezető demokráciák példáin keresztül fejleszti tovább azok védelméről, demokratikus rendjének megőrzéséről kialakított gondolkodást. A piacvezető technológiai mamutvállalatok uralják az információ terjesztését, ezért a politikai mozgósításban kulcsszerepet játszanak. A szerzők véleménye szerint ez egyedülálló fenyegetést jelent a jól működő demokráciákra. Habár az EU határozottabban próbál fellépni törvényeinek érvényesítésében, mint az USA, úgy tűnik, sokszor ez sem elég. Az elmúlt két évben ezért határozott lépések történtek a lehetséges visszaélések felszámolására, így indult több vizsgálat és per a nagy platformok ellen. Ezt nemcsak a demokraták (akik a szélsőségesektől féltek), hanem a republikánusok is támogatták (ők a platformok elfogultságától féltek). A szerzők egy intellektuális mozgalomról is írnak, ami nemcsak a veszéllyel való szembenézést, hanem a megoldását is egyre sürgetőbbnek tartja. A bevezető szakasz végén pedig felvázolják elképzeléseiket. Nézőpontjuk szerint csak kevesekben alakult ki reális kép a politikai károk valós méretéről, melyeket szerintük csak egy olyan szabályozással lehetne áthidalni, amely teret enged több „köztes szoftvernek” (middleware). Úgy látják, ez hatékonyabb lenne, mint feldarabolni a nagyokat, ugyanis abban az esetben helyükbe nőnének más hasonló cégek, uralva az egész piacot
RESOLUSI KONFLIK KEAGAMAAN INTEGRATIF: STUDI ATAS RESOLUSI KONFLIK SOSIAL KEAGAMAAN AMBON
Authors: Ismail Roni
Published: March 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis resolusi konflik yang ditempuh dalam penyelesaian konflik sosial keagamaan Ambon. Melalui wawancara dan dokumentasi dari 2017-2019 dengan berbagai kalangan warga Ambon Muslim dan Kristen, ditambah kajian literatur riset sejenis, ditemukan peneliti bahwa penyelesaian konflik Ambon ditempuh dengan resolusi konflik integratif. Resolusi konflik integratif merupakan sebuah model resolusi konflik yang mengintegrasikan resolusi struktural dan resolusi kultural secara bersamaan sebagai kesatuan yang tidak terpisahkan. Dengan kerangka teoritik demikian diperoleh data dan informasi bahwa resolusi konflik struktural, untuk menyelesaikan akar-akar konflik Ambon di luar aspek keagamaan, ditempuh dengan: pendekatan keamanan seperti menambah personil keamanan sampai 11.250 personil, peningkatan Korem menjadi Kodam Maluku, dan pemberlakukan darurat sipil; peran Pemerintah dalam Perjanjian Damai Malino II; Sharing kepemimpinan politik Muslim-Kristen dalam kontestasi pemilihan Gubernur, Walikota dan Bupati; dan sharing jabatan birokrasi dengan SKJ. Sedangkan resolusi konflik kultural, ditempuh untuk menyelesaikan akar-akar konflik yang bersifat keagamaan, yaitu: revitalisasi multikulturalisme oleh pendidikan tinggi keagamaan negeri IAIN dan IAKN Ambon; revitalisasi nilai damai agama melalui agamawan Kristen-Muslim melalui dialog bersama, kerjasama, rekonsiliasi, pela-gandong salam-sarani, dan deradikalisasi; optimalisasi peran FKUB dalam dialog kehidupan; dan, revitalisasi pela gandong antar kampung-kampung Muslim dan Kristen. Resolusi konflik integratif diakui warga Ambon Muslim dan Kristen sangat efektif menyelesaikan akar-akar konflik di Ambon sehingga terbangun fondasi damai yang kokoh di Ambon. Pada tahun 2019 Ambon pun berhasil mendapat Harmony Award dari Menteri Agama RI.
Habitar el cuerpo abyecto: realización escénica a partir de un laboratorio escénico
Authors: Méndez Ramírez Amanda
Published: March 2021

Esta investigación artística persigue la conceptualización del cuerpo abyecto, comprendido de forma teórica y escénica. Se divide en tres partes: un estudio teórico, un laboratorio escénico y un montaje/desmontaje escénico. Se sustenta teóricamente con el trabajo de Judith Butler: Cuerpos que importan, sobre los límites materiales y discursivos del sexo (2008), Julia Kristeva: Poderes del horror. Sobre la abyección (1988); la metodología se sustenta en el texto de Ericka Fischer-Lichte: Estética de lo performativo (2017). La investigación culmina con la creación de una dramaturgia corporal a partir de lo creado en el laboratorio escénico, y un breve desmontaje del proceso de creación e investigación escénica. Entre los principales hallazgos se rescata la comprensión y estudio escénico de un concepto, la posibilidad del arte escénicopara generar nuevo conocimiento y las posibilidades expresivas del cuerpo en escena.
El cuerpo: aproximaciones heterodoxas
Authors: Cáceres Juan Fernando , Olivier Toledo Carlos , Olvera Rabadán Alejandra , Céspedes Ronald
Published: March 2021

Vivimos en la era del cuerpo. No sabemos hasta cuándo el mundo académico mantendrá el interés, sin embargo, nadie podrá dudar que en la actualidad el cuerpo es parte, ya sea como accesorio o como objeto principal, de la mayoría de los estudiosacadémicos. Desde el mundo de las artes hasta el de las ciencias, se ha reconocido que sin él no es posible comprender del todo al hombre vivo, al hombre de carne y hueso… al hombre total. En efecto, “puesto que nuestros cuerpos −afirmó Bryan Turner en El Cuerpo y la sociedad. Exploraciones en teoría social en la década de los ochenta− son parte de la naturaleza, el trabajo debe comprenderel trabajo sobre nuestros cuerpos, los que son transformados en las prácticas culturales y políticas”.
CCP1, a Tubulin Deglutamylase, Increases Survival of Rodent Spinal Cord Neurons following Glutamate-Induced Excitotoxicity
Authors: Ramadan Yasmin H. , Gu Amanda , Ross Nicole , McEwan Sara A. , Barr Maureen M. , Firestein Bonnie L. , O’Hagan Robert
Published: March 2021

Microtubules (MTs) are cytoskeletal elements that provide structural support and act as roadways for intracellular transport in cells. MTs are also needed for neurons to extend and maintain long axons and dendrites that establish connectivity to transmit information through the nervous system. Therefore, in neurons, the ability to independently regulate cytoskeletal stability and MT-based transport in different cellular compartments is essential. Posttranslational modification of MTs is one mechanism by which neurons regulate the cytoskeleton. The carboxypeptidase CCP1 negatively regulates posttranslational polyglutamylation of MTs. In mammals, loss of CCP1, and the resulting hyperglutamylation of MTs, causes neurodegeneration. It has also long been known that CCP1 expression is activated by neuronal injury; however, whether CCP1 plays a neuroprotective role after injury is unknown. Using shRNA-mediated knock-down of CCP1 in embryonic rat spinal cord cultures, we demonstrate that CCP1 protects spinal cord neurons from excitotoxic death. Unexpectedly, excitotoxic injury reduced CCP1 expression in our system. We previously demonstrated that the CCP1 homolog inCaenorhabditis elegansis important for maintenance of neuronal cilia. Although cilia enhance neuronal survival in some contexts, it is not yet clear whether CCP1 maintains cilia in mammalian spinal cord neurons. We found that knock-down of CCP1 did not result in loss or shortening of cilia in cultured spinal cord neurons, suggesting that its effect on survival of excitotoxicity is independent of cilia. Our results support the idea that enzyme regulators of MT polyglutamylation might be therapeutically targeted to prevent excitotoxic death after spinal cord injuries.
A Heteromodal Word-Meaning Binding Site in the Visual Word Form Area under Top-Down Frontoparietal Control
Authors: Qin Lang , Lyu Bingjiang , Shu Su , Yin Yayan , Wang Xiongfei , Ge Jianqiao , Siok Wai-Ting , Gao Jia-Hong
Published: March 2021

The integral capacity of human language together with semantic memory drives the linkage of words and their meaning, which theoretically is subject to cognitive control. However, it remains unknown whether, across different language modalities and input/output formats, there is a shared system in the human brain for word-meaning binding and how this system interacts with cognitive control. Here, we conducted a functional magnetic resonance imaging experiment based on a large cohort of subjects (50 females, 50 males) to comprehensively measure the brain responses evoked by semantic processing in spoken and written word comprehension and production tasks (listening, speaking, reading, and writing). We found that heteromodal word input and output tasks involved distributed brain regions within a frontal-parietal-temporal network and focally coactivated the anterior lateral visual word form area (VWFA), which is located in the basal occipitotemporal area. Directed connectivity analysis revealed that the VWFA was invariably under significant top-down modulation of the frontoparietal control network and interacts with regions related to attention and semantic representation. This study reveals that the VWFA is a key site subserving general semantic processes linking words and meaning, challenging the predominant emphasis on this area's specific role in reading or more general visual processes. Our findings also suggest that the dynamics between semantic memory and cognitive control mechanisms during word processing are largely independent of the modalities of input or output.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTBinding words and their meaning into a coherent whole during retrieval requires accessing semantic memory and cognitive control, allowing our thoughts to be expressed and comprehended through mind-external tokens in multiple modalities, such as written or spoken forms. However, it is still unknown whether multimodal language comprehension and production share a common word-meaning binding system in human brains and how this system is connected to a cognitive control mechanism. By systematically measuring brain activity evoked by spoken and written verbal input and output tasks tagging word-meaning binding processes, we demonstrate a general word-meaning binding site within the visual word form area (VWFA) and how this site is modulated by the frontal-parietal control network.
Energy harvesting from car suspension system: Mathematical approach for half car model
Authors: Darabseh Tariq , Al-Yafeai Doaa , Mourad Abdel-Hamid Ismail
Published: March 2021

A significant contribution of this paper is developing a half car model with a built-in piezoelectric stack to evaluate the potential of harvesting power from the car suspension system. The regenerative car suspension system is modelled mathematically using Laplace transformation and simulated using MATLAB/Simulink. Two piezoelectric stacks are installed in series with the front and rear suspension springs to maintain the performance of the original suspension system in ride quality and comfortability. Half car model is subjected under harmonic excitation with acceleration of 0.5 g and velocity of 9.17 rad/s. The harvested voltage and power are tested in both time, and frequency domain approaches. The influence of the different parameters of the piezoelectric stack (number of stack layers and area to thickness) and car suspension (sprung and unsprung stiffness and damping coefficients) are examined. Also, the effect of road amplitude unevenness is considered. The results illustrate that the maximum generated voltage and power at the excitation frequency of 1.46 Hz are 33.51 V and 56.25 mW, respectively.
Литературные аллюзии и языковые параллели у Николоза Бараташвили и Адама Мицкевича (стихотворение Мерани и поэма Фарис)
Authors:   Государственный университет им. А. Церетели в Кутаиси, Факультет образования, Департамент методики обучения, Микадзе Манана
Published: March 2021

“Of the Georgian romantics, the greatest poet and the greatest philosopher is Nikoloz Baratashvili” – these words of Professor Giorgi Dzhibladze best express the genius of Nikoloz Baratashvili, who at the age of 26 ended his turbulent and tragic life, having failed to fulfill his dreams because of the physical trauma, unable to embody her great love in reality, although Ekaterina Chavchavadze-Dadiani (the object of his unrequited love) saved his poetry from oblivion: it was she who gave the great Georgian writer Ilya Chavchavadze Baratashvili’s manuscript, thanks to which she actually returned the great poet’s Georgian literature to this time, unfortunately, is almost forgotten. In our opinion, Nikoloz Baratashvili could get acquainted with Faris by Adam Mitskevich through Russian translation. This circumstance led some scholars (Iona Meunargia, Kit Abashidze) to believe that the Georgian Merani was allegedly created under a certain influence of the poem of the Polish poet. Such a view of this issue, in our opinion, is devoid of a real foundation, primarily due to the fact that these two works in their artistic form show a very distant, almost insignificant similarity, while the ideological relationship is indisputable. The poetic spirit of Mitskevich was undoubtedly close to Nikoloz Baratashvili. A. Mitskevich dedicated his poem to the Polish scientist Vaclav Razhevsky, who suffered the same fate as the hero of the poem. V. Razhevsky conducted scientific research in Arabia, where he died. Mickiewicz paints a heroic image of a rider who is not afraid of anything; Baratashvili, on the other hand, describes the despair of his rider, who is in a state when nothing in the world matters to him and who prefers death to life, but meaningful death, sacrificed to descendants. The genius of the author of Merani is manifested precisely in the fact that in the harsh, gloomy atmosphere of his time, he still managed to discern that a person in the future will still win, that the time will come and justice will triumph: there will be a holiday on his street. N. Baratashvili was able to unite reason and faith, and in their selfless, titanic confrontation with blind fate, he saw the highest meaning and justification of human existence. Merani for all Georgian poetry is the same crown as The Knight in the Panther’s Skin by Shota Rustaveli. If classic epic thinking found its fullest reflection in Rustaveli’s poem, Merani is a brilliant example of lyrical self-expression characteristic of romantic poetry.