bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Uneven clustering routing protocol based on ant colony algorithm for wireless sensor networks
Authors: Zhang Wenmei , Liao Fubao
Published: February 2021

For the energy of the wireless sensor network node is limited, an uneven clustering routing protocol is proposed for wireless sensor networks. In the protocol, cluster head election uses a competitive manner, and all nodes in the first round participate in the election. The cluster head election considers the remaining energy, the number of neighboring nodes, and the distance between node and sink. The path search from the cluster head to the base station runs the ant colony algorithm to find the optimal multi-hop route. Each round no longer clusters, and re-clustering and routing will update only when the remaining energy of the cluster head is less than the predicted energy. The protocol enables its routing establishment and maintenance more self-adaptive and dynamic. The simulation shows that the routing protocol can efficiently reduce and balance the energy consumption, and prolong the wireless sensor network survival period.
Study on AO classification of distal radius fractures based on multi-feature fusion
Authors: Yang Feng , Cong Rikun , Xing Mengmeng , Ding Bo
Published: February 2021

Accurate classification of distal radius fracture is of great significance for improving the accuracy and success rate of subsequent bone-setting techniques. Based on the existing clinical distal radius fracture cases of the research group, this paper proposes an AO classification method based on distal radius fracture images based on multi-feature fusion for the problems of poor single feature expression and low accuracy of fracture classification by traditional classifiers and deep learning models. The fusion model uses two traditional features and the depth features extracted by AlexNet. After reducing the dimensions of the above features, a special neural network is designed to effectively fuse the reduced feature vectors. Finally, use the image retrieval classification scheme DML-K proposed in this paper to realize the specific classification of DRF images with the fused feature vectors. The experimental results show that the accuracy of the diagnostic model proposed in this paper on the distal radius fracture data set reaches 83.4%, and the F1 value reaches 0.815. Through horizontal and vertical comparison with other algorithms, the accuracy of the DRF diagnosis model proposed in this paper is increased by 5%, and the F1 value is increased by about 0.2, which fully verifies the effectiveness and feasibility of the method proposed in this study, and is expected to be applied Machine-aided diagnosis of distal radius fracture.
Application of big data collection-analysis-visualization in the teaching process of colleges and universities under the background of the epidemic
Authors: Zhang Jin
Published: February 2021

With the advent of the era of big data, new vision and broad ideas have been provided for college teaching. Using big data-related knowledge to study the teaching system of universities can not only promote the implementation of big data teaching in universities, but also effectively improve the quality of university teaching. This article discusses the technology related to the teaching big data cloud platform. This article introduces the role and application of the association rule algorithm in the process of big data mining, and according to the actual situation, studies the use of this algorithm in the process of big data mining in colleges and universities. In order to further reflect the advantages of its algorithm, it is compared with other algorithms, which proves that the algorithm in this paper has higher execution efficiency and accuracy.
Hydrotreating of Sunan Candlenut Oil using NiMo/ɣ-Al2O3 Catalyst for Renewable Diesel Production
Authors: Siregar A R , Putri D N , Perdani M S , Utami T S , Sahlan M , Hermansyah H
Published: February 2021

Catalytic hydrotreating process based on NiMo/ɣ-Al2O3 has been conducted in this study using Sunan candlenut oil as the feedstock, in order to obtain renewable diesel products as well as conventional diesel. Hydrotreating process was performed with the variation of several operating conditions including pressure, temperature and weight ratio of catalyst to vegetable oils. Products obtained were then analyzed using Gas Chromatography (GC) and tested to obtain physical and chemical properties. Based on GC results, it was showed that the increase in operating pressure and temperature also increase the yield of hydrocarbon products in the range of diesel, with the highest yield of 30.95% at a pressure of 60 bar and temperature of 400°C. The conversion and selectivity were 33.48% and 95.72%, respectively, where the reaction route tends to the decarbonylation mechanism. However, changes in the weight ratio of catalyst to the vegetable oil did not affect the overall product yield. Analysis of physical and chemical properties of the product prior to distillation showed a decrease in the value of density, viscosity, iodine numbers and acid numbers are quite significant and closer specification commercial diesel oil.
Feasibility Study of City Gas Distribution Network in Kelapa Gading, North Jakarta
Authors: Putri L N , Saputra A H , Bawono A N
Published: February 2021

Kelapa Gading is one of the densely populated areas in DKI Jakarta with population density of 16,122 people/km2 that tends to increase every year. With increasing of population, the energy needs are likely to increase to meet household and commercial needs, such as restaurants. One of the alternative energies that can be used for daily needs is besides LPG is natural gas. Compared to LPG, natural gas is more afforadable, has abundant availability, and is environmentally friendly. The gas needed for the area is 4,326,856 m3/year with a route of 41,122.25 m using a combination of MDPE SDR 11 pipe and API 5L Grade B pipe. The capital expenditure is calculated to be IDR 70,511,737,825 with operational costs of IDR 4,141,071,275/year and project lifetime of 20 years. Based on the economic analysis, this project is feasible with households’ gas selling price of IDR 7,200/m3 and commercials’ gas selling price of IDR 8,400/m3, where the calculated NPV is IDR 5,303,138,979 with 12,29% of IRR and payback period time of 7 years.
Biomass Energy Potential for Domestic Combustion in Myanmar: Characterization of Biomass Fuel Pellets
Authors: Win Nwe Nwe , Zin Khaing Win , Tun Swe Zin
Published: February 2021

Biomass is the largest contributing energy source in Myanmar due to low cost and environmental consequences. Myanmar annually produces 5.77 million ton of rice husk on 26.21 million ton of paddy rice production and 114,975 cubic ton of wood left in the forest on annually 365,000 ton of wood logs. Myanmar still needs more energy consumption to develop the agricultural economy and biomass energy in the future of the country although electricity supply is expected to increase to 55 percent in 2021-2022 FY. In this work, the chemical composition and energy composition of rice husk and assorted wood were determined. And then, the physicomechanical properties of rice husk pellets without doing size reduction but assorted wood pellets with size reduction were analyzed and compared these results with ISO 17225-6 and ISO 17225-2 standards. The assorted wood lignin content was higher than of rice husk. The ash content of rice husk was higher than that of assorted wood due to large amount of ash forming compounds such as silicon dioxide and potassium oxide in rice husk. The bulk density, net calorific value, and mechanical durability of assorted wood pellets were higher than that of rice husk pellets due to the larger amount of lignin in assorted wood. The physicomechanical properties of produced pellets were complied with ISO standards.
Study of material characteristics of core and winding to minimize losses on power transformer
Authors: Aziz M , Indarto A , Hudaya C
Published: February 2021

Power transformer has an important role in a transmission system. One factor that can reduce efficiency in the transmission system is transmission losses. Efficiency can be increased by reducing losses in the power transformer. The biggest influence determining the losses on the transformer is the material characteristic used by the transformer itself. To get maximum efficiency, it is necessary to optimize the materials on the transformer to get the lowest losses. The study is conducted by measuring core losses and copper losses on the 60 MVA 150/20 kV power transformer with the specified specifications. Furthermore, the transformer materials are changed into several types and the losses calculations are done. The calculation results are compared to get the most effective material. The results show that in the calculation of core losses, the core material type with the lowest core loss value is NK E-core of 0,49 Watt/kg. While in the calculation of copper losses, the winding material type with the lowest loss value is Continuously Transposed Conductor.
Performance of oil-free water-cooled chiller for a shopping center air conditioning system
Authors: Yatim A , Prima J A , Jofansya M A , Alhamid M I , Budihardjo  , Lubis A
Published: February 2021

Many researches have been conducted on cooling equipment to reduce its energy consumption, maintenance and operation cost. Oil-free chiller uses a magnetic bearing compressor to avoid friction loss from the bearing’s contact surface. In comparison to a conventional compressor, the magnetic bearing of the motor, with the help of variable speed drive (VSD), runs more efficiently at partial loads. This paper presents the application of oil-free compressors in a chiller plant. The chiller plant also includes a chilled water system. In designing an energy-efficient air conditioning system it is important to choose proper chilled water and cooling water system. The evaporator is used to absorb the heat from the conditioned room while the condenser rejects the heat from the chiller to the environment through circulating cooling water. This research also aims to analyze the chiller plant for the air conditioning system operates in one of the shopping malls in Indonesia and how it affects the performance of the magnetic bearing chiller. The research also presents an analysis of the efficiency of the chiller plant, the coefficient of performance of each compressor, and their compliance with both national and international standards.
The use of gross split contract scheme in economic analysis of shale gas field at meliat formation in Tarakan Basin
Authors: Wahyunita S Z , Ahmudi A , Wijanarko A , Asih S C , Nasikin M , Sahlan M
Published: February 2021

Due to the low supply and increasing demand for natural gas in Indonesia, the government has decided to develop other resources such as shale gas. The Meliat formation in the Tarakan Basin has a shale-gas potential for which 3.8 TCF is technically recoverable with 25.1 TCF risked in place. This study examines the economic impact of the gross split contract scheme on the development of this shale-gas field. Our model leverages three flow-rate profiles, comprising a low-production profile wells having an initial production (qi) of 50 mmcf/mo, a medium-production profile wells of qi = 125 mmcf/mo and a high-production profile wells of qi = 200 mmcf/mo. We used US models and the nearest field in the Tarakan Basin as a benchmark in making investment costs for development. Sensitivity analysis was conduct for the production profile, drilling costs and wellhead gas prices. Gross split contracts have a net present value (NPV) > 0 and an individual rate of return >10% on medium and high-production profile wells. The analysis showed that the production profile is the most substantial factor that is affected by the NPV increase. As a result, the indicator of NPV reaching positive is when the gas price sets at $9.24/MMBTU for medium-production profile wells and $6.43/MMBTU for high-production profile wells.
Energy efficient smart indoor fogponics farming system
Authors: Rakib Uddin M , Suliaman M F
Published: February 2021

Fogponics is a modern modified version of an Aeroponics farming system which may also be known as “Aeroponics 2.0”. This kind of farming method has been practiced and introduced by NASA through a lot of researches and experiments. To explain further, Fogponics operates similarly like the Aeroponics which uses soilless cultivation and the process of growing plants is by suspending it in the air or a fog without relying on soil to give the nutrients that plants required to grow. In addition to that, the fog is produced by placing an ultrasonic fog generator inside the mixture of water and nutrients within an enclosed base chamber. The ultrasonic fog generator capable to vibrates at supersonic frequencies and produced micro droplets of water nutrient make it easier and faster for the plant to absorb via the roots with enough amount of mixture and oxygenation. In general, one of the main factors to grow plants is the existence of sunlight energy where it will later be converted into chemical energy through the process of photosynthesis. During this process, water is broken down through a chemical reaction to separate oxygen and hydrogen with the released of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere. Thus, by the practice of indoor Fogponics farming system, the sunlight energy will be replaced with the use of suitable LED light wavelengths. LED lights are capable to emits a full photosynthetically active radiation. Another factor that contributes to the system is by monitoring the temperature, humidity, pH of the water nutrients as well as the light intensity projection. Therefore, these parameters will be monitored and controlled with the use of sensors and through the implementation of the Real-Time Clock (RTC) functionality which is benefited to operate the system with enough amount of time throughout the day, suitable for plant’s growing condition.
Techno-economic analysis of natural gas high CO2 content for dimethyl ether production with different CO2 separation using CFZ and membrane technologies
Authors: Nizami M , Purwanto W W
Published: February 2021

Development of the East Natuna gas field, the largest natural gas resources in Southeast Asia, is still highly challenging because of the presence of CO2, up to 72%. Reliable CO2 separation technology implementation with suitable CO2 handling methods is crucial to maximizing the field’s potential. Dimethyl ether is one of the chemical products that can be synthesized from natural gas that can be used as a substitute fuel for LPG. In this study, we compare the techno-economic analysis of natural gas high CO2 content to dimethyl ether using two schemes of CO2 separation: controlled freeze zone (CFZ) and membrane technology with CO2 sequestration. The process simulation is performed by Aspen Hysys V11 software. The results show that in technical aspect on dimethyl ether synthesis with CFZ feed gas (gas consumption of 0.0412 MMSCF/tonne-DME and 2.077 MWh/tonne-DME) is slightly better performance than synthesis process with membrane feed gas (0.043 MMSCF/tonne-DME and 2.077 MWh/tonne-DME). In an economical aspect, levelized cost of dimethyl ether production with CO2 sequestration of 556 US$/tonne-DME (CFZ) and 495 US$/tonne-DME (membrane) is higher than levelized cost without CO2 sequestration with the value of 378 US$/tonne-DME (CFZ) and 329 US$/tonne-DME (membrane).
A grid-tied photovoltaic transformer-less inverter with reduced leakage current
Authors: Ahmad S , Mekhilef S , Mokhlis H
Published: February 2021

The importance of transformer-less inverters has been increased since these are highly efficient, less costly, reduced in weight compared to conventional inverters for PV systems connected to grid. This fact led researchers to propose various topologies of transformer-less inverters, which have been validated for only injection of real power towards grid. However, recently new regulation has been imposed by all international power regulatory agency is that these PV inverters integrated with grid should have the capability of handling flow of a certain quantity of reactive power. By considering this point, a noble topology of transformer-less inverter has been developed for grid integrated PV system. Unlike previous topologies during reactive power injection, the new topology does not face reverse recovery issues, which helps to enhance the efficiency of the proposed inverter by exploiting MOSFET switches. Moreover, leakage current becomes low by keeping the common mode (CM) voltage at input DC voltage’s midpoint.
Numerical simulation of tides for the assessment of tidal in-stream energy in selected sites in the Philippines
Authors: Villalba I B O , Cleofe E J V , Bautista D M
Published: February 2021

The Philippines has an untapped potential of ocean renewable energy, and one of the appropriate tidal energy converters for the country is in-stream tidal energy. The archipelagic nature of the country along with its position between the Pacific Ocean and West Philippine Sea results in high tidal currents due to the narrow transitions between the two large bodies of water. This study aims to assess the potential in-stream energy in the Visayas-Mindanao region using numerical simulation. Using the Advanced Circulation Model (ADCIRC) in the modelling of tides, four (4) locations in the study area with the highest simulated depth-averaged current velocities are identified, namely, Liloan Port, Hilutungan Channel, Surigao Strait and Banug Strait. Among the selected stations, Banug Strait between the Islands of Bayagnan and Awasan produces the highest energy density of 253.2 kW-h/m2. Using an 18-m diameter turbine, it is estimated to have a monthly energy output of 64.4 MW-h, which is estimated to support 260 households on average. The annual energy output of the said 18-m diameter turbine is 773.3 MW-h.
Bamboo as a structural element of architectural buildings in tropical climates
Authors: Apsari D P , Dewi O C
Published: February 2021

This paper aims to give an overview of how to use bamboo as an environmentally friendly material, in order to identify its use as a structural element of architecture. The relevance of bamboo use in architectural buildings in tropical areas can be identified by examining the nature of the material. The data collection method used in this paper is derived from the review of the literature, by examining the theory of bamboo as the structure, the potential of bamboo, and the definition of structural elements on buildings in tropical climates, as well as a review of the case studies of buildings in tropical climates. There are three aspects to be reviewed, namely the material capability of the structure withstands the loads, the durability of building materials, and material flexibility in the building. Based on the results of the review, the bamboo material is still relevant when used as a structural element of the building in tropical climates, namely as a curved structure and used as a column structure-beams. Bamboo can be used as elements that require material flexibility in buildings, such as the curved structure, precast panels, funicular structures, Bamboo Reinforced Concrete, and Bamboo Fiber Reinforced Concrete (BFRC). To maintain the resilience of bamboo, effective preservation process is needed, namely by the method of Simple sap displacement technique or Modified Boucherie technique, and can also be done with the right design selection, such as design with overhang, the concept of open plan, the optimization of openings, and the use concrete footing.
Spatial justice in the distribution of public services
Authors: Setianto M A S , Gamal A
Published: February 2021

This paper aims to get a better understanding on the dynamics of spatial justice and social justice, particularly in the distribution of public services. Cities are the result of social relations that create abstract spaces, where the manipulation of power takes place to maximize profits for certain parties. It is a symbol where inequality often occurs, where it shows a striking difference between the rich and the poor. This difference does not only occur in terms of income but also the quality of the environment, public facilities, access to transportation, and the distribution of public services. This study shows how the concept of spatial justice is formed from the notion of social justice. This study will also discuss the relationship between socio-spatial structure in an unjust distribution of public services; such as access to decent basic living conditions, public spaces, and infrastructure.
Correlation of 3 dimensional visibility value to rental price among retail unit in shopping centers
Authors: Khairunnisa N A , Gamal A
Published: February 2021

Conventional buying behavior has gradually changed to online shopping because of technological development. It encourages developers to develop a new shopping experience. Shopping center creates a good experience to leave a delightful impression of the shopping center for their visitors. To create a good shopping experience, we need to consider the visibility factor to provide comfort for the visitors. Shops and products that are visible can help the visitors find what they are looking for and enrich their shopping activities. This research aims to find the correlation between the 3D visibility value of shop front and rental price in the shopping center through shopping experience. The experiment conducted in this research used a different method to measure visibility compared to previous studies. The visibility value is measured in a three-dimensional way by using the volume value of the storefront area. We used an explanatory research design with a quantitative analysis method of 150 units of stores based on permanent storefront and data availability. The results showed that visibility value in estimating rental price retail units in a shopping center is significant. The finding of this research can be useful for shopping center managers to estimate the rental rate for retail units and for architects to consider the visibility factor when designing shopping center.
Elements identification for pedestrian comfort
Authors: Tanzil Y T , Gamal A
Published: February 2021

This research paper aims to identify aspects that affect walking comfort. This research was triggered by the different conditions of pedestrian paths in Jakarta. Some areas in Jakarta lack the proper infrastructures that provide an optimal space for a human to walk comfortably. But how do we know that a pedestrian path is deemed comfortable by its users? Which aspects play a role to affect comfort? This research will try to look for these aspects so future urban designers will take them into consideration when designing a comfortable pedestrian path. There are a lot of theories about pedestrian and comfort, but we have selected 6 important aspects of pedestrian paths that provide comforting feeling to pedestrians. The more aspects the pedestrian has, the higher the sense of comforting feeling the users can feel.
Traditional and heritage commodities in the era 4.0: Batik home-based enterprises in the use of the internet
Authors: Tyas W P , Muhammad F , Hutama J K P
Published: February 2021

As one of Indonesia’s cultural heritage and a traditional textile, it is interesting to explore’ Batik in the modern era. As one of the leading products, Batik home-based enterprises (HBEs) need to continue to make adjustments amid the rapid development of technology. The internet is one of the technological advancement products that contribute to supporting business performance. Using the internet, entrepreneurs have the opportunity to connect to various networks and find it easy to find their buyers. This research was conducted in Pekalongan-Indonesia because Pekalongan is one of the centres for Batik artisans. This study aims to determine the extent of Batik HBEs in using the internet for the sustainability of businesses. This study uses a quantitative approach to 80 Batik home-based entrepreneurs as respondents. The study indicates that Batik HBEs in Pekalongan experience positive impacts after using the internet. The perceived impact includes increasing income and increasing market coverage of the Batik HBEs.
Performance of distributed coordination function for serving IoT applications
Authors: Harwahyu R , Cheng R G , Sari R F
Published: February 2021

The Internet of Things (IoT) interconnects “things” and autonomously exchanges data between them. It is expected that there are more than seven billion of connections interconnected by low-power wide-area (LPWA) networks to support IoT services before 2025. Several LPWA technologies are gaining popularity recently, such as LoRa and NB-IoT. Despite of their advertised advantages over conventional technologies such as low power, long range, and cheap module, several studies and field tests shows that they cannot communicate in long-range, the DIY supporting modules are not really power efficient, and the development are rather expensive. While commercial IoT networks have yet to be widely deployed, many smart connected devices use WiFi-based connectivity. This motivates us to study and evaluate the performance of WiFi’s medium access protocol for this new use case of IoT. In the experiment, our proposed analytical model is evaluated against a custom-made Monte Carlo simulation. The result shows that our model is accurate in estimating the system performance in term of normalized throughput.
Antenna coupled bolometer simulation for terahertz radiation detection diffracted by a small metal object
Authors: Marbun H S , Apriono C
Published: February 2021

Terahertz (THz) wave technologies are becoming near future wireless technologies because of its advantages of considerable bandwidth and still unlicensed spectrum. Its small bandwidth offers a more compact wireless device on a scale of micrometers. Detection is a challenge for applying these potential technologies. An antenna coupled with a bolometer device is a candidate to capture emitted THz wave radiation. Another consideration can be any possible obstacles. This paper presents a simulation of Terahertz wave radiation detected with a dipole antenna connected to a bolometer. This research uses a 3D simulation software of CST Microwave Studio to simulate linearly THz plane waves radiation passing through a small metal object. Some dipole antennas coupled bolometer detect the power of the plane wave radiation in location after the emitted plane waves hit the object. The result shows that the highest detected power can be detected. Even the detector is located at the center of the area blocked by the metal object. This condition indicates that diffraction is high enough, affected by the comparable size, the metal, wavelength, and observation distances. More studies to characterize this diffraction effect are becoming useful, especially for THz imaging applications, such as metal detection for an airport security system.
Light detection experiment with avalanche photo diode and pin photo diode for green visible light communication
Authors: Sianturi P P , Apriono C
Published: February 2021

Visible Light Communication (VLC) has been attracting many researchers in the last decade to develop a lighting system as well as a communication system simultaneously. Light Emitting Diode (LED) for lighting systems are becoming more popular and widespread. It offers low consumption energy due to its energy transfer efficiency from electric to light. LED also offers a high response for modulation that makes it is also possible for communication purposes. Therefore, an improved configuration can provide a green communication system by reducing power consumption through combining lighting and communication system. Detection responsivity is a challenging issue to realize a VLC system. It will affect covered areas and obtained signal quality. This paper discusses the use of PIN photodiode and Avalanche Photo Diode (APD) for a detection device in a digital transmission data. This detector is generally used for fiber optic systems and offers an avalanche effect that can increase the obtained photocurrent. The obtained proper configuration and multiplication effect characteristics will be useful for designing a VLC system for green communication.
Crossing the threshold: understanding spatial patterns formed by threshold space in urban contexts
Authors: Prasetiyo A Y , Fuad A H
Published: February 2021

This paper explains how human perceives threshold space and its effect on spatial experience in urban contexts in Jakarta. Threshold space provides the key to the transition and connection between areas with different territorial claims. This makes the threshold space an interesting condition to see the correlation between interior and exterior spaces. This paper will focus on the threshold space formed between the commercial area and pedestrian paths in Senopati area, Jakarta. In this paper, we will analyze how threshold space eliminating the sharp division between interior of commercial buildings and exterior spaces (pedestrian paths) in order to present continuous spatial experience between two different spaces in selected urban area. This research is conducted using Boettger’s method and its six elements to analyze threshold space. This research found that a different arrangement and completeness of elements in threshold space will produce different spatial patterns.
The importance of inclusivity in supporting colour-blindness study case: Gelora Bung Karno
Authors: Yandikaputri D B , Isnaeni H , Nuraeny E , Kusuma N R
Published: February 2021

This manuscript aims to discover how people with colour-blindness see and explore open space. Proper understanding of their experience in exploring three-dimensional spaces in the creative industries should now be considered as an essential requirement, especially to create an inclusive city. This research investigated the spatial experience in public space of two respondents: one from the protanomaly and the other from the. From interviewees’ experience and field observation, the study shows that the existence of contrast and shadow is crucial to create a spatial experience for the colour-blinds by perceiving depth. The result shows how the colours used in the area are still inadequate to support their deficiency. However, they are still able to navigate themselves around the space with the help of contrast and shadows produced in the space. These findings conclude the need to improve awareness and education within the creative industries towards colour-blindness to design a space that can be fully experienced by colour-blinds.
Binary spatial negotiation by Street Hawkers
Authors: Bestari R , Fuad A H
Published: February 2021

Public space is a setting than a backdrop, where social interaction occurs as a dialog communication in a city. The city is entertained by the presence of the street hawkers, which show a connection between the primary and the supporter. This connection does not only link to serve daily needs but also the use of spatiality. Jakarta is a capital city with many functions, one of them is as the commercial area. This study aims to show the idea of space mechanism by analyzing the transformation of space into thirdspace that is portrayed on the street hawkers in the sidewalk next to the MRT station in Jakarta. This study reveals the existence of binary opposition as the presence-absence in the public space. It happened as the result of negotiation done by the street hawkers through some factors, such as visibility, mobility, and pedestrian flows. The presence of street hawkers will support the development of social life according to the aspects of the smart city.
Coworking space: second place, third place, or both?
Authors: Firdaus S , Fuad A H
Published: February 2021

This study discusses the shifting function of places between First Place, Second Place, and Third Place in a coworking space and workplace by understanding the relationship between spatial designs and behaviors possibility by its nested affordances. In building smart cities, the aspects of workplaces must be considered. The study engaged with the implementation of the character’s perception into space, based on Gibson’s theory of nested affordances in interactions between perception and action. With affordances as interactive possibilities from particular objects or environments. This research employed a means-end hierarchy method to acknowledge the nested relationship that occurs in two study cases. The study is a literature study about nested spaces in a workspace using secondary data from articles, web, and social media. The study reveals that space or place from a particular feature does not always have the same nested feature and functions as space or place that it occupies, which creates nesting function of places from first place, second place, third place, and vice versa. Showing how smart workplaces accommodates various needs of the workers.
A speakeasy bar in an urban settlement as a heterotopia space
Authors: Atmanagara T S , Nuraeny E
Published: February 2021

Speakeasies or illegal drinking establishments were widespread during the Prohibition Era in the 1920s in the United States of America. Since the US government banned the consumption, manufacture, and distribution of alcohol, Speakeasies’ underground nature created a new environment for people to drink and socialize. There is no identification of these places, solely relying on word of mouth to gain their popularity. There are similarities between the concept of speakeasies and heterotopia—Michel Foucault described it as a placeless place or a world inside a world. The term heterotopia is often used to illustrate disturbance in the surrounding environment. Are there correlations between speakeasy and heterotopia? Is speakeasy a form of heterotopia? This paper examines the correlation of heterotopia and speakeasy bars, as well as the question of whether speakeasy is a form of a heterotopia place. To a further extent, the discussion on social constraints occurring from the existence of a speakeasy bar in a settlement complex will be investigated through six heterotopia principles coined by Foucault. Through interviews and data observations in Oj’s Tavern, Bandung, this paper offers a new discussion on urban settlement and its connection to the heterotopia, and what it implies to the surrounding environment.
Wayfinding system for the blinds in the museum
Authors: Alisha M Y , Kusuma N R
Published: February 2021

This paper explains how wayfinding system helps museum visitor to understand the information given in a museum. Museum user itself have a varied background of visitors, including people with disability such as blind people. As a public space, museum generally provide certain information for their visitors. Such information can be understood by visitors in different ways, therefore, visitors tend to move independently to understand the information given in the museum. To accommodate the needs of all visitors, adjustments are needed in the museum so that the museum can be accessed by all visitors. In this case, a wayfinding system appears to direct museum visitors when they are exploring the museum. The purpose of the wayfinding system itself does not only provide direction for a person to move, but also to understand the environment in which they are in. In general, the wayfinding system is presented visually, but for those who have visual disability it requires the use of other sensory to understand the wayfinding system. Therefore, an adjusted wayfinding system in the museum must be present optimally so that it can be accessed by all visitors including those with visual disability.
Accessibility for Persons with Mobility Impairment at Bus Stops
Authors: Utari Z M , Kusuma N R
Published: February 2021

The bus stop is one of the public transportation facilities that is aimed to meet the mobility needs of all people in public spaces. Many people with disabilities still find it challenging to access these facilities. The application of inclusive design must be implemented correctly and adequately to meet the mobility needs of individuals with limited abilities. The purpose of this scientific paper is to identify the application of accessibility to meet the mobility needs of persons with disabilities in public transportation facilities. The method used in this paper is a qualitative analytical method by conducting a literature study and study on Kampung Melayu TransJakarta Bus Stop. The analysis undertaken refers to the result of a literature study conducted on the provisions of public transportation facilities accessibility. Based on the result of such scientific studies, the availability of access elements is an important thing to provide. This research found that meeting the mobility needs of persons with disabilities can be done by paying attention to several elements of public transportation facilities access with the provisions of the five variables in it (dimensions, surface, lighting, orientation, and signage).
Cellular Automata and Markov Chain Spatial Modeling for Residential Area Carrying Capacity in Samarinda City, East Kalimantan Province
Authors: Fitri N. I. , Damayanti A. , Indra T.L. , Dimyati M.
Published: February 2021

The increase of population could leads to residential area availability. This could lead to imbalance between population and available housing and could results in higher population pressure on the available area. Spatial modeling prediction is needed as a prevention step to prevent excessive land cover change in the future. This research aims to analyze residential area carrying capacity and spatial modelling of land cover change of Samarinda in 2006, 2014 and 2020 using Cellular Automata Markov Chain (CAMC) and residential area carrying capacity index. The Cellular Automata Markov Chain (CAMC) results show that there is an expansion of residential area land cover which affected by driving factors that consist of distance from the nearby road, distance from the river, distance from the point of interest (health facility and education facility), slope, and elevation. Residential area land carrying capacity affected by population density, standard needed land area, and residential area extent in Samarinda City. Thus, it is needed to analyze the model to see the available area for residential area development sustainably.
Youth Ambassadors for Disaster Preparedness: Using Psychological First Aid in Times of Crisis
Authors: Pramana E , Jagadhita D A , Turnip S S
Published: February 2021

Introduction. COVID-19 has been declared as a pandemic by the World Health Organization. This global disaster has impacted people in various ways, such as the practice of physical distancing and the large-scale social restriction program implemented by the government. This situation of crisis also leads to mental health problems for those who are facing it. Method. We initiated a program with the goal of creating youth ambassadors for disaster preparedness, focusing on the mental health aspect of facing disasters. Nineteen undergraduate students with a psychology background were selected and given proper training on psychological first aid (PFA), which aims to help those affected by this disaster by fostering short and long-term adaptive functioning. Result. The youth ambassador team carried out multiple programs, such as psycho-education webinars held online multiple times. They also gave help to Indonesian students currently studying abroad in Italy in the form of interactive sessions. Discussion. The program gives promising results, with the training enabling the students to function as youth ambassadors and spokesperson on mental health during this disaster, gives them the tools they need to help others in the form of PFA. The training module could be implemented further to create more ambassadors working for this cause.
Design and Experimental Characterization of an Indoor-Scale Artificial Updraft Vortex Power Generator
Authors: Hafizh H , Ridwan A
Published: February 2021

An indoor-scale experimental model of artificial vortex power generator has been designed and tested. The model consists of four main components which are collector, tower, guide walls, and heating system. The collector and tower are constructed from poly-methyl methacrylate material. Both collector and tower are translucent allowing flow visualization experiments with laser and smoke to be performed for experimental characterization. The experimental model converts the supplied thermal energy into kinetic energy in form of updraft vortex airflow. Magnitude of the artificial updraft vortex is measured using a fan installed at the center of the tower. Rotational speed of the fan is measured by using a high-speed camera. The results show that the experimental model capable to rotate the fan up to 200 rpm.
Effect of Shredded Waste Paper on Properties of Concrete
Authors: Solahuddin B A , Yahaya F M
Published: February 2021

Cement, sand, coarse aggregate and water are the materials to make a concrete mixture. The waste paper has been dumped as waste and causes environmental pollution behind the mill or landfill. The industry paper wastage for every year is increasing gradually. More spaces are being needed for landfills, uses energy loss of natural resources and increase of expenditure and various types of pollutions. Utilizing waste paper as an addition in concrete production will reduce environmental pollutions. This research is conducted to investigate the effect of shredded waste paper using copier and cardboard waste paper as additions to the compressive and flexural strengths and water absorption of hardened concrete. All specimens are subjected to water curing at 7 and 28 days. The results of compressive and flexural strengths increase at 5% and 10% additions of shredded copier and cardboard waste paper at 7 and 28 days of water curing. The finding shows that concrete containing 10% addition of shredded copier and cardboard waste paper exhibit the highest compressive and flexural strengths. For concrete water absorption, the higher water absorption is caused by the higher addition of shredded copier and cardboard waste paper. Furthermore, the results also show that shredded cardboard waste paper has higher strength and water absorption than shredded copier waste paper for all percentages of addition. This study indicates that shredded copier and cardboard waste paper can be used as additional materials in concrete production.
Wind induced vibration of the tower of offshore wind turbine
Authors: Rahman Saba , Jain A K , Bharti S D , Datta T K
Published: February 2021

The floating offshore wind turbine (FOWT) may have significant displacement and acceleration of the hub caused due to the wind-wave interaction. In this paper, a simplified cascaded analysis of the FOWT is presented in order to obtain a preliminary estimate of the responses of the hub using an iterative frequency domain technique. In order to carry out the analysis, the masses of the nacelle and rotor are lumped at the top of the hub, which is discretized into elements. At the base of the hub, two interface degrees of freedom consisting of a rotation and a translation is considered, which connect the two subsystems, namely, the hub and the floating body (spar). Both the wave and fluctuating components of the wind are considered as a random process represented by their power spectral density functions. The two subsystems are analyzed separately, and the interaction effect is incorporated through an iterative process. Using the above method of analysis, a FOWT having a 90m tall tower is analyzed under two random sea states, namely, 12m-18s and 5m-10s. Two mean wind velocities, namely, 12m/s and 20m/s are taken at the reference height of 10m. The results of the study indicate that significant absolute peak displacement and acceleration at the top of the hub may take place, requiring due attention to the safety of the design of FOWT.
Evaluation of the Efficiency of Single-Outrigger Structural Systems in Tall Buildings
Authors: Marabi B , Alih S C , Faridmehr I
Published: February 2021

This study investigated the seismic behaviour of the single-outrigger frame systems and proposed the optimum location of outrigger in tall buildings compared to conventional approaches. For this purpose, a pushover analysis was carried out on different forms of the single-outrigger braced high rise buildings to capture the seismic response. An innovative Stiffness Ratio Method (SRM) technique has been utilised for small-scale 3-D modeling using Finite Element Modeling (FEM) in Abaqus/CAE software commercial program. The performance of single-outrigger systems under uniform loading was measured through lateral displacement and drift. The results confirm that by changing an outrigger’s position throughout the height of the building, the strength and stiffness will experience significant changes. Placing an outrigger at the top level of the building termed Cap model led to a reduction in lateral drift by 72 percent, while it reached 84 percent, where it placed at 0.4 height of the building hereinafter called Optimal model. Overall, the results showed that the optimal form of the single-outrigger systems’ efficiency is 17 percent higher than the conventional model (Cap model) in the reduction of the top displacement of the building under lateral loads.
Seismic Analysis of Single Unit Tunnel Form Building Subjected to In-Plane Lateral Cyclic Loading Using Ruaumoko 2D Programme
Authors: Shamilah A A , Syed Muhammad Afiq S S , Faizah B N , Mustaqqim A R
Published: February 2021

Seismic effect to the tunnel form building (TFB) will vary depending on the location of the epicentre, magnitude and frequency of the seismic event. This effect can be mitigated by implementing a seismic analysis using the Ruaumoko 2D programme. The seismic analysis was conducted to examine the safety level of the TFB when it was subjected to 10 previous seismic events. The analysis emphasized the in-plane direction of lateral cyclic loading. The 10 selected seismic excitations were Pacoima Dam, El Centro North-South and East-West, Mexico City, Ranau, Lahad Datu, Kunak, Batu Niah, Manjung and Bukit Tinggi. The analysis results of tunnel form building (TFB) in terms of spectral displacements, earthquake excitations, pseudo-spectral acceleration and deformed shape of single unit tunnel form building obtained in this study. Based on these analyses, tunnel form building (TFB) can only withstand low seismic loading with far-field earthquakes. When subjected to a seismic load greater than 5 Richter Scale and near field excitation, tunnel form building will not safe to be occupied.
Slope stability analysis of rock mass using Rock Mass Rating and Slope Mass Rating
Authors: Awang H , Salmanfarsi A F , Misbahuddin A Z , Ali M I
Published: February 2021

The rapid development in the construction of infrastructure on the hilly terrain has led to excavation of large bodies of rock mass to form cut slopes, resulting in the deformation and reduction in the stability of the rock material. As the slopes were cut more than 10 years ago, it is worried that there should be strength deterioration of the rock slope that could affect the stability of the slope. A study should be carried out to evaluate the recent condition of the slope in terms of its stability and safety after a long period of the exposure. A field study was conducted to collect the discontinuity data and laboratory test for the purpose of stability analysis using the existing stability analysis scheme of Rock Mass Rating (RMR) and Slope Mass Rating (SMR). The study was taken place at an exposed cut slope of a highway in Sri Jaya, Pahang. The objective of this study is to determine and evaluate the stability of the rock cut slope. A classification of the discontinuity parameters such as the strength, Rock Quality Designation (RQD), spacing, aperture, infilling, persistence, weathering, and groundwater have been used to determine the rock mass condition. The classification also need laboratory test for the point load strength (PLT) parameter. The RMR classification showed the rock to be very good condition, while the SMR showed the slope to be completely stable to stable. This study provide a good database in assessing the rock slope condition from time to time for the slope authority management.