bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Efficacy of nicotine-replacement therapy, bupropion, and a combination of both for treating nicotine addiction
Authors: Abdelghany Dalia A. , Shalabi Nesrien Mohammad , Abd-El-Maksoud Amina Mahmoud , El-Bahaey Wafaa A. , El-Dahan Marwa S. , Farrag Nesrine S. , Elhadidy Tamer A.
Published: January 2022

Background

Most of the studies about the efficacy of smoking-cessation medication and its side effects were conducted in developed countries on participants who differ from Arab population in sociocultural and genetic factors.

Patients and methods

A randomized controlled trial was conducted on a convenient sample of 100 smokers at the smoking-cessation clinic. The participants were allocated into four groups: nicotine-replacement therapy (NRT), bupropion (BPP), combination of NRT+BPP, and placebo. Counseling was offered to all participants. Outcomes: self-reported smoking status with biochemical verification (success to stop smoking, lapse, relapse, or failure to stop smoking) at 3 and 6 months from starting treatment.

Results

The total success rate in four studied groups was 14% at 3 months and 8% at 6 months. There was no evidence of any statistically significant difference between any of the interventional groups (NRT, BPP, or their combination) and placebo group at 3 and 6 months as regards success rate (8, 12, 8, and 28%, respectively, at 3 months and 8, 12, 0, and 12%, respectively, at 6 months). There were no serious adverse events in the studied groups. Headache was more significantly reported by placebo group compared with all other groups (P=0.01), and urgency was more significantly reported by placebo group compared with NRT group (P=0.001).

Conclusion

The study found no evidence of the superior effect of NRT, BPP, or their combination over placebo in helping smokers quit smoking at 3 and 6 months. However, more withdrawal symptoms were reported by the placebo group.
Prevalence of obstructive sleep apnea in a sample of Egyptian railway drivers
Authors: Abdel Dayem Aya M. , Madkour Ashraf M. , Abdel-Fattah Eman B. , Abdelazeem Mai M.
Published: January 2022

Background

There are scanty international and even no Egyptian studies addressing the prevalence of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) in railway drivers with an expected high risk of accidents. Thus, it is worth studying and assessing the prevalence and predictors of OSAS among Egyptian railway drivers.

Patients and methods

This prospective cross-sectional screening study was conducted on 160 Egyptian railway drivers. They were subjected to medical history taking and examination, anthropometric measurements, oxygen saturation (SpO2) by oximetry, arterial blood gases, Friedman obstructive sleep apnea–hypopnea syndrome score measurement, and Arabic version of both Berlin and STOP BANG questionnaires. Then, limited night polysomnography (PSG) was performed in high-risk patients. Finally, full channel PSG was done for positive limited night PSG.

Results

The prevalence of sleep apnea among the studied cases was 4.22%. There was high statistically significant difference between the non-OSAS group and the OSAS group regarding age less than or equal to 49 years [odds ratio (OR)=11.364], witnessed apneas during sleep (OR=175), weight in kg more than 95 (OR=13.00), PaO2 less than or equal to 88 (OR=31.0), PaCO2 more than 39 (OR=31.0), and average SPO2 less than or equal to 88 (OR=34.0). Regarding parameters of limited night PSG, the apnea–hypopnea index cutoff point was more than or equal to 5 with an area under the curve (AUC) of 100%, O2 desaturation index cutoff point was more than 17.2 with an AUC of 100%; lastly, the average SPO2 cutoff point was less than or equal to 88% with an AUC of 76.4%.

Conclusion

This study highlights for the first time that the prevalence of OSAS was 4.2% in a sample of Egyptian railway drivers. Our results further point out that weight, neck circumference, systolic blood pressure, PaO2, and PaCO2 are the most useful predictors of suspecting OSAS. Also, parameters of limited PSG are considered a useful tool in confirming suspected patients with OSAS.
Immunoglobulin G4-related disease presenting with pulmonary manifestations, lymphadenopathy, and vocal cord immobility
Authors: Mrigpuri Parul , Menon Balakrishnan , Spalgais Sonam , Kulshrestha Ritu , Saini Himanshu , Gupta Amitesh
Published: January 2022

Immunoglobulin G4-related disease (IgG4-RD) is an immune-mediated state, which includes a group of disorders that can affect nearly any organ. Pulmonary involvement can present with nonspecific signs, symptoms, and highly variable radiological picture. Recognition of the disorder mainly relies on histopathological findings and immunohistochemical staining. Serum IgG4 levels also help in diagnosis. Glucocorticoids are the first choice for treatment. As this condition mimics many infective, inflammatory, and malignant disorders, a comprehensive diagnostic workup is required before reaching the diagnosis. We report a case of IgG4-RD with pulmonary manifestations, lymphadenopathy, and vocal cord immobility.
Side-to-side versus end-to-side ileocolic anastomosis in right-sided colectomies
Authors: Lin Snow Yunni , Liang Buan Bryan Jun , Sim Wilson , Jain Sneha Rajiv , Ying Chang Heidi Sian , Lee Kuok Chung , Chong Choon Seng
Published: January 2022

Aims:

The three main types of anastomotic configurations following colorectal resection are Side-to-Side Anastomosis (S-S), End-to-Side Anastomosis (E-S) and End-to-End Anastomosis (E-E). This study aims to present results from a local cohort supplemented by a systematic review with meta-analysis of existing literature to compare the post-operative outcomes between E-S and S-S.

Methods:

A cohort study of patients who underwent right colectomy with E-S or S-S anastomosis, was conducted at the National University Hospital Singapore. Electronic databases Embase and Medline were systematically searched from inception to 21 August 2020, in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis guidelines. Studies were included if they compared post-operative outcomes between E-S and S-S.

Results:

In the cohort study, 40 underwent E-S and 154 underwent S-S. Both post-operative ileus (12.5% vs. 29.2%, P = 0.041) and length of hospital stay (9.35 days vs. 14.04 days, P = 0.024) favoured E-S, but anastomotic bleed favoured S-S (15.0% vs. 3.2%, P = 0.004). Five studies were included in the meta-analysis with 860 E-S and 1126 S-S patients. Similarly, post-operative ileus (odds ratio [OR] =0.302; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.122–0.747; P = 0.010) and length of hospital stay (mean differences = [FIGURE DASH]1.54 days; CI: [FIGURE DASH]3.00 to [FIGURE DASH]0.076 days; P = 0.039) favoured E-S. Additional sensitivity analysis including only stapled anastomosis showed a lower rate of anastomotic leak in E-S patients (OR = 0.185; 95% CI: 0.054–0.627; P = 0.007).

Conclusions:

This is the first systematic review to show that the E-S technique produces superior post-operative outcomes after right colectomy compared to S-S. However, the choice of anastomosis was largely surgeon dependent, but surgeon factors were not reported.
Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and restrictive measures on acute appendicitis
Authors: Herrera Jerónimo José , Arrechea Ramiro , Mihura Matías , Bregante Mariano , Medina José Pablo , Pirchi Daniel Enrique
Published: January 2022

Background:

The COVID-19 pandemic has altered the usual dynamics of consultation and presentation for acute appendicitis (AA). The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of the pandemic and restrictive measures on the cases of AA.

Subjects and Methods:

A retrospective study of patients diagnosed with AA between December 2019 and July 2020 was conducted. Patients were classified into two groups; one that underwent treatment in the 16 weeks before the implementation of lockdown in Argentina (Group 1) and another that underwent treatment in the 16 weeks after (Group 2). Demographic, clinical and surgical variables were evaluated.

Results:

Overall, 91 patients underwent surgery, 61 and 30 patients in each group, showing a 51% drop in the incidence. The second group delayed seeking medical care longer (mean 46 h vs. 27 h, P < 0.05), had a higher rate of perforated appendicitis (30% vs. 11%, P < 0.05) and a higher rate of complicated appendicitis (56.6% vs. 18%, P < 0.01). These results were associated with a longer operative time (43.7 ± 15.5 min vs. 36.1 ± 11.1 min, P < 0.05) and a longer mean length of hospital stay (1.9 days vs. 1.4 days, P < 0.01); however, no increase in the quantity and severity of post-operative complications was observed.

Conclusion:

COVID-19 pandemic and restrictive social measures led to fewer consultations for abdominal pain, resulting in a lower number of AA diagnosed. In addition, a longer delay in seeking medical care was observed, leading to more advanced disease, longer operative time and length of hospital stay.
Open Veress assisted technique for laparoscopic entry
Authors: Peltrini Roberto , De Luca Marcello , Lionetti Ruggero , Bracale Umberto , Corcione Francesco
Published: January 2022

Background:

The creation of the pneumoperitoneum is the first step for any minimally invasive surgical procedure. Although rare, iatrogenic vascular or visceral injuries are reported and they are mainly related to the insertion of the first trocar. The Open Veress Assisted (OVA) technique allows a safe maneuver of the first trocar in order to minimize the risk of intraoperative complications during positioning of the first trocar. The purpose of this study was to describe the OVA technique and discuss the use in our current surgical practice.

Patients and Methods:

Each step of OVA technique is described in the text. A retrospective review of prospectively maintained institutional databases was performed to report clinical outcomes related to OVA technique use.

Results:

Between December 2018 and July 2021 OVA technique was used in a total of 324 laparoscopic procedures categorized in 259 colorectal resection and 24 subtotal or total gastrectomies. No intraoperative and postoperative complications related to creation of the peritoneum occurred.

Conclusion:

OVA technique can be considered a safe alternative procedure for laparoscopic entry. By avoiding potentially dangerous insertion-related forces, this technique can be used even in previously operated patients, when the first trocar needs to be positioned away from the umbilicus or abdominal scar.
Paired Opposite 4 Mm Clear Corneal Incisions on Steep Meridian During Phacoemulsification
Authors: Binayi Faal Nazanin , Ojaghi Habib , Sadeghieh Ahari Saeid
Published: January 2022

Purpose:

To evaluate the effect of opposite clear corneal incisions (OCCI) with 4 mm incisions on the steep meridian on postoperative astigmatism.

Methods:

This study was performed on 64 eyes of 55 patients with keratometric astigmatism of ≥ 1 diopter (D) undergoing phacoemulsification. Patients were divided into two groups, with-the-rule (WTR) astigmatism and against-the-rule (ATR) astigmatism. Initial incisions in the WTR group were performed on the temporal side with 3.2 mm keratome and paired stab incisions were performed on the steep meridian. At the end of the surgery, stab incisions were enlarged to 4 mm. Follow-up visits were scheduled at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months postoperatively, which included refraction and keratometry.

Results:

It was found that the mean preoperative keratometric astigmatism was 2.06 ± 0.86 D. The postoperative mean keratometric astigmatism was 1.3 ± 0.7 D after 1 month and 1.2 ± 0.7 D after 12 months. The mean astigmatism correction between the preoperative measure and that taken at 1 month was statistically significant (P = 0.001), but there was no significant change in the severity of astigmatism afterward. The mean surgically-induced astigmatism was found to be 1.99 ± 0.9 D. The 12-month changes of mean absolute astigmatism were: 1.06 ± 0.7 D in the WTR group, and 0.53 ± 0.7 D in the ATR group. The difference between the two groups was statistically significant (P = 0.02).

Conclusion:

Based on our findings, we posit that paired OCCI on the steep axis, using 4 mm incisions is an effective technique to correct preoperative astigmatism.
Long-Term Visual and Refractive Stability and Ocular Biometric Changes after Laser-Assisted Subepithelial Keratomileusis for Correction of Myopia
Authors: Hashemian Seyed Javad , Es'haghi Acieh , Abdolalizadeh Parya , Ghiasian Leila , Aghaei Hossein , Jafari Mohammad Ebrahim , Hashemian Mahsa Sadat , Hashemian Seyed Mahyar
Published: January 2022

Purpose:

To assess the long-term visual and refractive stability and ocular biometric changes in low to moderate myopic subjects treated by laser-assisted subepithelial keratomileusis (LASEK).

Methods:

It is a prospective, interventional study. Included were 70 eyes of 35 patients who underwent LASEK for correction of ≤6 diopters (D) myopia. The uncorrected and corrected distance visual acuity (UDVA and CDVA), manifest refractions, and ocular biometric indices (by Lenstar-LS900, Haag-Streit AG, Koeniz, Switzerland) including keratometry, anterior chamber depth (ACD), aqueous depth (AD), axial length (AL), central corneal thickness (CCT), and lens thickness (LT) were assessed preoperatively and after 6 months and 8 years.

Results:

Mean preoperative spherical equivalent was −3.99 (standard deviation [SD] =1.38) D which improved to 0.02 (SD = 0.27, P < 0.001) D and −0.10 (SD = 0.31, P < 0.001) D at 6 months and 8 years, respectively. The preoperative AL was not different from postoperative measures at 6 months (P = 0.15) and 8 years (P = 0.47). The ACD and AD decreased during 8 years, while LT increased (all P ≤ 0.001). The changes of LT inversely correlated with changes of ACD (rs = −0.67, P = 0.001 at 6 months and rs = −0.87, P < 0.001 at 8 years) and AD (rs = −0.76, P < 0.001 at 6 months and rs = −0.86, P < 0.001 at 8 years). The CCT and keratometry values reduced at 6 months postoperatively (all P < 0.001) and then did not change up to 8 years (0.21 ≤ P ≤ 0.87).

Conclusions:

The post-LASEK myopic regression is 0.1 D over 8 years. Ocular biometric values like keratometry, CCT, ACD, AD, and LT have been changed for a long period after LASEK in low to moderate myopia except AL.
Case Report of a Lupus Patient with Flare and Symptomatic Cardiac Tamponade and Macrophage Activation Syndrome
Authors: Singh Amandeep , Bhatia Kapil , Misra Pratibha , Mukherjee Bhasker , Ambade Vivek N.
Published: January 2022

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disorder with multifactorial etiology involving vital organs like the heart and causing rare complications like cardiac tamponade which are indeed difficult to manage especially in a setting of macrophage activation syndrome (MAS) with flare. A case of 25-year-old female with flare having high.grade fever and breathlessness on exertion to begin with. Subsequently, she developed pericardial effusion leading to cardiac tamponade and was managed with pericardiocentesis. With the rising ferritin levels, raised triglycerides, and cytopenia, she was diagnosed as MAS, along with reactivation of tuberculosis. She was discharged on oral steroids and anti-tubercular therapy with regular follow-up. Clinical suspicion, keeping in mind, the rarest complications such as cardiac tamponade, and timely employability of biochemical tests can help in early diagnosis of MAS and can lead to early therapeutic intervention in SLE patients preventing fatal outcomes.
A Study on Pediatric Nurses’ Pain Management Knowledge and Practices in Turkey
Authors: Şimşek Ayşegül , Gözen Duygu
Published: January 2022

Objective: With a child’s less developed ability to express oneself when compared to adults, it is a more challenging task to manage pain in children. Nurses, as those who spend the most time with patients, need to have sufficient knowledge about assessing and managing pain in children. The aim of this study is to determine the knowledge and pediatric practices of nurses working in pediatric clinics on pain management in children.
Methods: This descriptive study was completed with 134 nurses. Study data were captured through using a questionnaire drafted, and rearranged in line with specialist advice, by the researchers. Data were electronically evaluated with percentage, Kruskal-Wallis H and Mann-Whitney U tests using analysis system.
Results: It was determined that 81.3% of nurses had not been trained on pain management in children. It was established that nurses preferred pharmacological methods to non-pharmacological, that 54.5% of them used a combination of pharmacological and non-pharmacological methods to relieve pain in children, and that 16.4% mentioned difficulty in pain management due to lack of time. Nurses’ knowledge of pain management was found to be slightly above the average (maximum 22 points; median ± standard deviation=16.50±2.74; minimum-maximum: 9-21).
Conclusion: The study established that nurses’ level of knowledge about pain management was inadequate, that nurses encountered various challenges in pain management arising from the workplace setting, and that rate of use of non-pharmacological pain treatment methods, an independent function of nursing, is significantly low.
Central Anticholinergic Syndrome Following Excessive Mydriatic Use in an Eight-Year-Old Patient
Authors: Kaymaz Nazan , Uzun Mehmet Erdem , Battal Fatih , Güzel Yusuf , Aylanç Hakan
Published: January 2022

Cyclopentolate hydrochloride, belonging to a class of drugs known as anticholinergics, is an ophthalmic solution frequently used in ophthalmology clinics because of its cycloplegic and mydriatic effects in both refractions as well as fundus examinations. After application, the maximum cycloplegic effect begins approximately after 30-60 min, which can further continue up to 24 h. Due to a dose-dependent relationship, cyclopentolate hydrochloride’s side effects can be observed both in an ocular and systemic manner which may occur if solutions more than 0.5% concentration are used. Herein, we report central anticholinergic syndrome due to the administration of excessive amounts of cyclopentolate hydrochloride in a child.
Predstave in odnos mladih do migracijskih procesov – primer ZDA in Slovenije
Authors: Ilc Klun Mojca , Vombergar Ana
Published: January 2022

Prispevek obravnava predstave in odnos mladih do migracijskih procesov v dveh državah – ZDA, ki že stoletja veljajo za državo priseljevanja, in Sloveniji, ki je bila v različnih zgodovinskih obdobjih del različnih migracijskih procesov (kot država izseljevanja, država priseljevanja ali država tranzitnih migracij). Prvi del prispevka se osredotoča na migracijske procese v obeh državah in prikaže pregled predstav in odnosa mladih do priseljevanja, drugi del pa predstavi rezultate raziskave, ki smo jo opravili med 44 mladimi Američani in Slovenci, v kateri so nas zanimale njihove predstave in odnos do migracijskih procesov.
Park-people interaction in mountainous Georgia
Authors: Salukvadze Gvantsa , Gugushvili Temur , Dolbaia Tamar , Salukvadze Joseph , Durglishvili Nino
Published: January 2022

This paper traces the case of Kazbegi National Park expansion and seeks to explore factors that shape or prevent trust-building between the park representatives and stakeholders. The research employed a qualitative methodology, using participatory mapping within discussions to allow the interview partners to link spatial information with extension areas. Comprehensive geographical coverage and participants’ maximal variation ensured the representativeness of the data collected. Overall, the article reviews various case studies and summarizes the similarities and differences in building trust during the expansion of protected areas in the Caucasus and other regions.
Econometría turística y gestión social
Authors: Paredes-Rodríguez Benjamín Franklin , Chiriboga-Mendoza Fidel Ricardo , Zambrano-Pilay Enrique Cristóbal
Published: January 2022

El turismo social tiene lugar en un contexto específico y se presenta como la principal unidad económica de la economía social. Las empresas sociales se encuentran entre los sectores público y privado tradicionales. Las principales características son los objetivos sociales junto con el potencial empresarial del sector privado. En este contexto, la empresa social orienta sus actividades y reinvierte sus ganancias en la realización de metas sociales, en beneficio tanto de sus miembros como de la población en mayor escala. Sin embargo, la mayoría de las empresas sociales son pequeñas y medianas empresas, por lo que están amparadas por la Ley de las PYMES, y por eso el desarrollo de la industria del turismo socioeconómico es una de las tareas prioritarias. Por agencias de viajes y autoridades regionales. Por tanto, es muy apropiado modelar el impacto de los flujos turísticos en la sostenibilidad de un destino turístico diverso.

Palabras clave: econometría, turismo social, flujo turístico.
Competitividad empresarial y desarrollo de mercado turístico
Authors: Paredes-Rodríguez Benjamín Franklin , Chiriboga-Mendoza Fidel Ricardo , Zambrano-Pilay Enrique Cristóbal
Published: January 2022

El éxito empresarial está motivado por la combinación de factores internos, como el liderazgo, la estrategia y el exterior, relacionados con la motivación de la industria, los elementos nacionales y el contexto global, la decisión sobre el desarrollo del mercado. Los viajes, para combinar los resultados óptimos de estos resultados conduce a un negocio próspero. Los procesos de integración moderna sobre la transformación de la economía causan el uso de métodos de gestión empresarial modernos. Una de las principales herramientas de gestión del desarrollo turístico se basa principalmente en la gestión estratégica. Actividades de gestión estratégica destinadas a proporcionar una línea estratégica sólida que proporciona una durabilidad a largo plazo de las empresas en condiciones inestables. Para aumentar la competitividad de las agencias nacionales de turismo en el mercado internacional de turismo, se debe desarrollar una propuesta de asociaciones de organizaciones turísticas, así como propuestas y recomendaciones para la cooperación en el campo del turismo.

Palabras claves: turismo, empresa, desarrollo, competitividad, industria.
Interferences in Writing Skills Performance of BA Students Enrolled in Norwegian Didactics
Authors: Pop Raluca
Published: January 2022

This article investigates different types of language errors performed in a written summative exam by ten BA students enrolled in an elective Norwegian Didactics course in Romania. The corpus comprising the students’ exam papers was analysed qualitatively to identify various types of errors. The theoretical model suggested by Gass & Selinker (1994) was used to discuss issues of error analysis. A survey was then conducted to receive student feedback on the reported errors in the texts. Findings indicate that students make both inter-lingual and intra-lingual errors and that error analysis can be helpful when designing L2 Norwegian instructional materials.

 

Keywords: error analysis, foreign language teaching, language transfer, language distance, writing skills, Norwegian, Romanian.
Prototype Gyroscope sebagai Alat Bantu Kalibrasi Sudut Lampu Approach menggunakan Smartphone sebagai Media Pembelajaran
Authors: Rizky Achmad , Djunaidi
Published: January 2022

Alat bantu pendaratan visual atau biasa disebut dengan Airfield Lighting System (AFL) yang memiliki salah satu alat bantu pendaratan visual yaitu Approach Lighting System (ALS). Untuk Fungsi dari Approach Lighting System (AFL) tersebut sebagai lampu yang memberikan informasi terkait ujung perpanjangan landas pacu pada approach area sampai dengan ambang landas pacu agar pesawat dapat mendarat tepat pada landas pacu atau runway. Akibat jarangnya ditemukan alat ukur kalibrasi sudut lampu approach dan sulitnya medan yang harus ditempuh menuju approach area maka pemasangan dan pengukuran sudut elevasi lampu approach ketika perawatan dan pemeliharaan tidak sesuai dengan regulasi yang berlaku. Oleh sebab itu dibuatlah sebuah prototipe alat ukur agar teknisi dapat melakukan pengkalibrasian dengan cepat dan mudah ketika melakukan perawatan. Proposal Hasil Penelitian ini berisi mengenai perancangan Prototype Gyroscope Sebagai Alat Bantu Kalibrasi Sudut Lampu Approach Menggunakan Smartphone dengan mikrokontroller NodeMCU ESP8266 yang berfungsi sebagai otak kendali alat ini serta sebagai penangkap jaringan wireless yang digunakan sebagai jalur pengiriman data menuju interface output pada Smartphone. Selain itu rangkaian ini dapat memonitoring sudut suatu bidang dengan bantuan sensor MPU 6050. Dengan dirancangnya Alat Proposal Hasil Penelitian ini akan menjadi alat bantu kalibrasi sudut lampu yang akan mempermudah dan mengefisiensikan kegiatan dalam pemeliharaan alat bantu pendaratan visual oleh teknisi.
KLASIFIKASI DAN ANALISIS DATASET KOMENTAR VIDEO YOUTUBE MENGGUNAKAN SUPERVISED LEARNING
Authors: Dona Finki , Maulida Ihdalhubbi , Nugraha Bayu
Published: January 2022

Interaksi di dalam sosial media dapat di lihat dari komentar-komentar sebagai umpan balik dari setiap kegiatan yang ada di media sosial, mulai dari status yang berupa teks, gambar maupun video. Dari berbagai respon pada kolom komentar tersebut diperoleh sebuah informasi dari data yang tidak terstruktur sehingga perlu adanya suatu teknik untuk mendefinisikan nilai informasi Fokus dalam penelitian ini adalah untuk memverifikasi kebenaran dan menggali nilai informasi yang terstruktur sehingga dapat menggambarkan kejadian dan topik yang terhubung dari komentar-komentar yang ada di dalam video youtube yang menjadi objek penelitian ini. Dari hasil pengujian di atas dapat dilihat nilai performa dari hasil pengujian menggunakan metode Naïve Bayes mendapatkan akurasi sebesar 57,50%, sedangkan dengan menggunakan metode KNN mendapatkan akurasi 88.06%..
APLIKASI MOBILE MESSENGER DENGAN KEAMANAN DATA MENGGUNAKAN METODE SHIFT CHIPPER (CAESAR) KRIPTOGRAFI
Authors: Djumhadi Djumhadi , Hamka Arby
Published: January 2022

Proses pengiriman dan penerimaan pesan melalui perangkat mobile dijaman sekarang merupakan suatu hal yang biasa tetapi seberapa jauh tingkat keamanan dalam proses pengiriman dan penerimaan pesan itu yang belum dipikirkan atau belum menjadi perhatian khusus para penggunanyaPerkembangan teknologi dan kebutuhan manusia yang semakin meningkat merupakan dua hal yang saling mempengaruhi satu sama lain. Kebutuhan manusia yang meningkat akan memicu perkembangan teknologi, sedangkan perkembangan teknologi juga akan memacu kebutuhan lain untuk menangani dampak negatif dari adanya teknologi baru. Sudah banyak hal yang dilakukan untuk mencegah terjadinya dampak negatif pengriman dan penerimaan berupa penyadapan data, khususnya saat terjadi komunikasi yang bersifat rahasia dan penting. Kriptografi merupakan bidang pengetahuan yang menggunkan persamaan matematis untuk melakukan proses enkripsi maupun deskripsi. Teknik ini digunakan untuk mengkonversi data kedalam bentuk kode-kode tertentu, agar informasi yang terkirim dan diterima tidak dapat terbaca oleh orang-orang yang tidak berhak.Dalam penelitian ini penulis mencoba membuat sebuah aplikasi masengger baru berbasis mobile yang telah memiliki fitur kriptografi metode Shift Chiper di dalamnya, yang bertujuan agar user dapat mengirim pesan dengan aman dan rahasia karena harus mencantumkan kunci (key) yang diketahui oleh orang orang yang berhak
IMPLEENTASI MODEL HYBRID DALAM MEMPREDIKSI PENYEBARAN COVID-19 DI WILAYAH JAWA BARAT
Authors: Cucu Tatang Rohana
Published: January 2022

Di awal tahun 2020, dunia dikagetkan dengan kejadian infeksi berat dengan penyebab yang belum diketahui, yang berawal dari laporan dari Cina kepada World Health Organization (WHO) terdapatnya 44 pasien pneumonia yang berat di suatu wilayah yaitu Kota Wuhan, Provinsi Hubei, China, tepatnya di akhir tahun 2019. Pada perkembangannya, wabah ini kemudian diidentifikasi sebagai wabah Virus Covid-19. Penambahan jumlah kasus COVID-19 berlangsung sangat cepat, sampai dengan 16 Februari 2020, secara global dilaporkan 51.857 kasus terkonfirmasi di 25 negara dengan 1.669 kematian (CFR 3,2%). Di Indonesia ada lebih dari 2 ribu kasus ditemukan dan hampir 200 orang telah meninggal. Di wilayah Jawa barat, kasus positif Covid-19 juga terus bertambah. Data penyebaran virus Corona Covid-19 di Jawa Barat mengalami perubahan, Rabu (1/4/2020). Terpantau melalui situs resmi Pusat Informasi dan Koordinasi Covid-19 Provinsi Jawa Barat (Pikobar), jumlah orang terpapar positif Corona mencapai 198 orang. Data yang diakses dari pikobar.jabarprov.go.id tersebut juga merilis sudah ada 11 pasien yang dinyatakan sembuh dan diperbolehkan pulang dari rumah sakit. Sementara jumlah pasien yang meninggal dunia berjumlah 21 orang. Sedangkan untuk pasien dalam pengawasan (PDP), jumlah yang telah diproses dalam pengawasan mencapai 727 orang. Sedangkan yang telah selesai menjalani pengawasan mencapai 242 orang. Total PDP di Jabar berjumlah 969 orang. Berbekal dari data Pusat Informasi dan Koordinasi Covid-19 Jawa Barat, penulis tertarik melakukan penelitian untuk memprediksi penyebaran kasus positif Covid-19 di Jawa Barat. Dalam penelitian ini, model yang digunakan adalah Hybrid. Data set yang digunakan adalah data pasien positif Covid-19 mulai bulan April 2020 sampai dengan bulan Februari 2021. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang sudah dilakukan, model Hybrid mampu memprediksi jumlah penyebaran kasus Covid-19 di Jawa Barat. Hal ini dibuktikan dengan hasil training teknik Hybrid memiliki error rate sebesar 0,4615, yang dilanjutkan dengan analisa akurasi prediksi selama tiga bulan, yaitu bulan Desember 2020, Januari, dan Febrauri 2021. Dari hasil prediksi, model Hybrid memiliki nilai rata – rata Mean Absolute Deviation (MAD) sebesar 351. Sedangkan berdasarkan analisa prediksi dengan teknik Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE) memiliki rata rata tingkat kesalahan sebesar 0,2061 atau 20,6%.
SISTEM INFORMASI RELAWAN SAKSI TIM SUKSES PASLON 03 (ZAIRIN-SARWONO) PADA PILWALI 2020
Authors: Duki Muhammad , Fahrullah Fahrullah , Riyayatsyah Riyayatsyah
Published: January 2022

Tujuan dilaksanakannya penelitian ini untuk membuat aplikasi sistem informasi relawan saksi tim sukses pasangan calon 03 (Zairin-Sarwono) pada pilwali 2020 sehingga masalah lapangan yakni pendataan, penyaringan data fiktif, efisiensi waktu kerja, kemudahan mengakses laporan hasil kerja untuk menghemat pengeluaran, meminimalisir fraud (kecolongan, penggelembungan, dan rekayasa data), dan melakukan sampling calon pemilih mendapatkan solusi tepat. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah observasi, wawancara, dan kajian pustaka. Metode rancang bangun aplikasinya menggunakan Rapid Application Development (RAD), ERD, DFD, FOD, HiPo dan CD. Sedangkan pilihan teknologi berupa website dan Android yang dibangun menggunakan framework Laravel, framework Quasar, dan database MySQL.

Setelah diujikan di lapangan, penggunaan aplikasi pendataan ini terbukti mampu mengurangi tingkat kerumitan, mengurangi pelaporan data yang sering overlap (tumpang tindih), mengurangi kecolongan data oleh pihak-pihak tidak bertanggung jawab, meminimalisir fraud (kecolongan, penggelembungan, dan rekayasa data) oleh oknum-oknum tidak bertanggungjawab. Dengan aplikasi ini, kesulitan dan hambatan saat berkolaborasi di pilwali Samarinda 2020 menjadi berkurang misalkan pelaporan, dan sebagainya sesuai fitur yang ada. aplikasi tersebut bisa untuk membantu tim sukses melakukan sampling calon pemilih sebagai upaya pemetaan keberhasilan kampanya lapangan. Fitur penginputan data master petugas, data master kordinator lapangan, data klasifikasi relawan, data klasifikasi penghubung, data klasifikasi saksi TPS, data klasifikasi saksi gugur, data klasifikasi temuan saksi TPS, dan data klasifikasi calon pemilih mampu meningkatkan kinerja tim lebih baik.
Image of Muslim Women and Media Discursivity: A Case Study of the Washington Post’s Discourses
Authors: Farooq Fatima , Sajid Muhammad Akbar , Maryam Fasiha
Published: January 2022

Print media representation about Islam and Muslims has never been ideology free especially post 9/11. A war of words has ever been there between non-Muslim west and Muslims. The dichotomy of Otherisation divides the world into two poles i.e. good vs. evil. Similarly, the present research critically decodes discourse of articles published in an American newspaper i.e. ‘The Washington Post’ about representation of Muslim women. The data has been collected from the newspapers’ articles which appeared from June 2019 to December 2019. The study employs Fairclough’s (1993) model of Critical Discourse Analysis. The analytical categories of the mentioned model include representation, metaphor, lexicalization, back/fore grounding, in/out group and number game. The data has been analysed at the levels of word, sentence and discourse. The analysis of the data reveals that Muslim women are represented stereotypically through the discourse of the articles of the mentioned newspaper   as oppressed, narrow minded, hijabbed, and deviation from norm. Moreover, according to western perception and representation of this American newspaper they are contriving to harm civilized West by introducing new system of caliphate to disturb the activities of civilized world. The study concludes that print media discourses act as distorting prism to represent a desired version of reality about Islam and Muslim women to shape the mindset of the target audience accordingly.
The Role & Strategies of Non Formal Education for Education Access to Marginalized Community
Authors: Ullah Samee , Hassan Faheem Ul , Muhammad Taj
Published: January 2022

In Pakistan, about 22.8 million children of school going age are out of school which is very alarming situation and second highest number in the World. Major portion of these OOSCs belong to deprived, marginalized community of Pakistan. Although Pakistan has promised under article 25A to educate all the boys and girls age of school going children but this yet not to be meet due to financial constraints. So to fill this gap an alternative comprehensive system is needed. Non Formal Education is recognized and understood as cost effective and flexible system to fill this gap. In context of Pakistan, despite of recognition of NFE, it has not received due attention due to lack political interest. However, in last few years it is seen progress in this sector and a Non Formal Education Policies are developed at province level e.g. Punjab Non Formal Education Policy and Sindh Non Formal Education Policy. The aim of study was to explore the strategies of Non Formal Education for education access to underprivileged community and its effectiveness in Punjab. The research was conducted in 100 NFBE schools in three districts of Punjab. It was a Quantitative survey research to explore the strategies, and impact of NFBE schools on community. Random sampling technique was used to select the sample. Data was collected from officers, teachers, students and their parents. Data was collected through Questionnaires. It was found that NFE system was imparting cost effective, affordable, flexible, inclusive education at door step of deprived and marginalized community. It was recommended to allocate the more funds to scale up NFE system to cater the all OOSC. It was also recommended to amend and implement the Literacy Act 1987.
Penyuluhan Hukum Perlindungan Hak Petani Terhadap Pengembangan Varietas Tanaman Lokal Di Negeri Layeni Dan Negeri Wotay Kabupaten Maluku Tengah
Authors: Saija Ronald , Labetubun Muchtar Anshary Hamid , Nussy Michael , Nikodemus Jimris F
Published: January 2022

Introduction: The use of resources in a directed and efficient manner requires complete availability of data and information regarding climatic conditions, soil and other physical environmental characteristics, as well as requirements for cultivated plants, especially plants that have sufficient market opportunities and economic meaning. The development of plantation commodities in Central Maluku Regency, Teon Nila Serua District, especially Negeri (Village) Layeni and Negeri Wotay is slower than the potential available land.Purposes of Devotion: Providing an understanding of the protection of traditional crop varieties for the rights of farmers, especially farmers in Negeri Layeni  and Negeri Wotay, Central Maluku RegencyMethod of Devotion: Performed with the lecture method by each of the presenters. The lecturer is given time to deliver the material, after which the participants are invited to ask a problem or question, which is then answered in turn by the speaker according to the problem being asked.Results of the Devotion: Efforts to increase productivity are strongly influenced by success in improving the genetic potential of plant varieties. Activities that can produce more superior plant varieties need to be encouraged by providing incentives for people or business entities engaged in plant breeding that produce new varieties so as to provide greater added value to users. The strategy for developing superior plantation commodities must be implemented based on the principles of benefit and sustainability and integration. Plantation development in Central Maluku Regency must be based on land potential.
Edukasi Hak Perempuan Dan Persamaan Gender Dalam Hukum Di Angkatan Muda Ranting Solagratia Ambon
Authors: Salamor Yonna Beatrix , Salamor Anna Maria , Uneputty Meidilin
Published: January 2022

Introduction: The study of women has been widely carried out in various disciplines from a biological, historical, and cultural perspective. This study of women began to emerge after the awareness of society, especially women, about their different views, status and roles compared to men. The fact that there are differences between women and men from various aspects has prompted activists to fight for change and efforts to eliminate the views that cause these differences, so that the differences between women and men are only due to biological differences.Purposes of the Research: The purpose of this article is to provide an overview of the view of women's rights in a small society and the emergence of gender inequality which can be one of the triggers for domestic violence (KDRT) in women.Methods: Community service activities carried out in the Solagratia Youth Force are a community service activity carried out in several stages, namely Identifying problems faced by cadres of AM GPM Subdistrict Solagratia, providing education about women's rights and gender equality for AM GPM Ranting Solagratia cadres . From the stages carried out, the method used in community service activities at AM GPM Ranting Solagratia is an educational method through legal counseling on women's rights and gender equality for AM GPM Ranting Solagratia cadres.Results / Findings / Novelty of the Research: After conducting  identification based on data obtained from coordination with the executives of the Solagratia Subdistrict AM GPM, a community service activity was planned for January 30, 2021. After conducting educational activities on women's rights and gender equality through counseling given to all cadres of the Solagratia GPM Youth Force There are several facts that are quite surprising, including a lack of knowledge about the right to get the highest education without exception, so that it creates the mindset of both parents and members themselves who think it is important that women have graduated from high school in order to help the family economy by working and ignore the desire to continue education to a higher stage. Second, female cadre members often experience domestic violence as a result of marriage at a young age.
Penyuluhan Hukum Tentang Perlindungan Hak-Hak Perempuan Di Desa Rumberu Kecamatan Inamosol Kabupaten Seram Bagian Barat
Authors: Lakburlawal Mahrita Aprilya , Matuankotta Jenny Kristiana , Uktolseja Novyta , Untajana Primus L
Published: January 2022

Introduction: women are always seen as second-class beings who are weak, irrational and do not have the ability to even make decisions for their own interests, resulting in the neglect of women's rights which causes low levels of education, early marriage, restrictions on activities in these sectors. and violence are problems experienced by women in the village.Purposes of Devotion: Purpose of the Reaserch: to provide an understanding regarding the protection of women's rights in the hope that there will be an understanding regarding the equality of the position of women and men as well as more opportunities for women to be involved in development in Rumberu village. Method of Devotion: Counseling is carried out using the panel discussion method which begins with a lecture from each presenter in turn, followed by a questions and answers session between the presenters and the community.Results of the Devotion: Women in Rumberu village, Inamosol District, West Seram Regency, like women in other regions in Indonesia, have had their rights violated in various ways. Women in Rumberu village experience various injustices because of their existence as women such as marginalization/marginage, subordination, stereotypes, violence and double workload. Among them, violence is the most common problem in Rumberu village. this is due to the low level of education and economy, lack of understanding of women's rights, as well as the prevailing customs and culture in Rumberu Country. Even though women are potential development capital, there needs to be an understanding of the position of women so that there is equality.
Analysis of alternative selection for vertical clearance design under Tabalong Bridge of PT Adaro Indonesia
Authors: Regar Diean Oktavian , Mursadin Aqli
Published: January 2022

PT Adaro Indonesia is trying to adjust a vertical clearance under Tabalong Bridge 1 (unloaded) and Tabalong Bridge 2 (loaded) because the existing conditions still apply a minimum vertical clearance of 4 m. I t should be in accordance with latest Regulation of the Minister of Public Works No. 19/PRT/M/2011 that for vertical clearance above national road at least 5.1 m. This specification has not been met by the national road under the Tabalong 1 & 2 Bridges bec ause both bridges were built in the 90s. Therefore we need an engineering technique to overcome this. There are 2 alternative designs, namely lowering the elevation of the national road and increasing the elevation of the bridge's upper structure to mitiga te oversized vehicles so as not to hit the lower structure of the Tabalong bridge. In determining the selection of the best alternative designs in this research is based on two (2) things, non financial criteria with Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) and financial criteria with Life Cycle Cost Analysis (LCCA)/Benefit Cost Ratio (BCR) method. This study uses a survey method by distributing questionnaires and interviews as a means of collecting primary data. In addition, previous research and consultant DED documents were used as a means of collecting secondary data. The AHP method is used to process primary data to produce a decision from a non financial aspect. While the LCC/BCR method is used to process secondary data to produce a decision from the financi al aspect . The results of the AHP analysis obtained that the synthesis value of the decision the option of lowering national roads was 85% and the bridge lifting option was 15% and the consistency ratio (CR) was 0.05 < 0.1. The consistency ratio below 0.1 shows that the questionnaire data from the respondents are consistent. The results of the analysis of Life Cycle Cost (LCC) obtained the option of lowering national roads where the LCC value is Rp. 44,877,651,669.27 more economical than the bridge lifting option. Then the results of the Benefit Cost Ratio (BCR) analysis obtained the option of lowering national roads with a BCR value of 2.33 > 1 and NPV = Rp. 43,442,264,804.34 > 1 means that the option lowering national roads is feasible. While the bridge li fting option is obtained by analyzing the value of BCR = 0.98 < 1 and NPV = option is not feasible to implement.
Az AUKUS megállapodás az „angolszász hatalmak” szempontjából
Authors: Baranyi Tamás Péter
Published: January 2022

2021. szeptember 15-én az Egyesült Államok, Nagy-Britannia és Ausztrália megállapodtak, hogy elmélyítik a közöttük lévő biztonsági együttműködést az „indo-csendes-óceáni övezetben”. Sok elemző úgy véli, hogy a „paktumként” is emlegetett egyezmény radikálisan átalakítja a csendes-óceáni térség jelenlegi politikai környezetét. Az AUKUS egyik fontos eleme, hogy Ausztrália mégsem Franciaországgal, hanem az Egyesült Államokkal köt hosszú távú szerződést tengeralattjáró-flottája fejlesztésére, ami megdöbbentette az aláírt szerződéssel rendelkező francia felet. A jelenkori diplomáciában szokatlanul hirtelen és éles váltás újra szükségessé teszi a felek globális és regionális érdekeinek vizsgálatát. Elemzéssorozatunkban három szempontból vizsgáljuk az AUKUS létrejöttét: az „angloszféra” szempontjából; francia és európai perspektívából; valamint a regionális rend szempontjából. A jelen elemzés a brit, az ausztrál és az amerikai érdekeket vizsgálva arra a következtetésre jut, hogy az AUKUS a stratégiai adottságokból logikusan következik, de a politikai kommunikáció szintjén kellemetlen lehet az európai politikában. Emellett a három angolszász ország jelenlegi politikai problémáira logikus választ nyújt, de kulcsfontosságú partneri viszonyokat akár tovább is gyengíthet.
Reflections on Cultural Specificity and Dystopian Standardization in Chinua Achebe’s Novels
Authors: Chifane Cristina , Chifane Liviu-Augustin
Published: January 2022

Although tackling Chinua Achebe’s novels as illustrative pieces of postcolonial African literature, this article moves a step further in tracking down the elements projecting these literary texts into universalization. The major aim is to highlight the stylistic differences between the novels making up the African trilogy (Things Fall Apart - 1958, No Longer at Ease - 1960, Arrow of God - 1964) and his subsequent masterpieces A Man of the People (1966) and Anthills of the Savannah (1987). If the African trilogy particularly relies on and therefore has been analyzed in terms of culture-specific items and postcolonial issues, the other two novels acquire new dimensions, giving birth to what can be called dystopian standardization characteristic not only of a certain space or time, but of any society fighting corruption and abusive political systems inevitably leading to oppressive regimes, chaos and collapse.
C.S. Lewis’s 'Narnia' and J.R.R. Tolkien’s 'Middle-Earth' – Realms of Emotionally Intelligent Characters
Authors: Pelin Raluca Ștefania
Published: January 2022

Reading fantasy literature is always a challenge to the reader’s imagination and ability to understand events and characters. Reading such works from the psychological perspective of the Emotional Intelligence may challenge the reader to an even deeper insight into the human nature and the way people respond to various situations when their emotions are triggered by different stimuli. The Emotional Competence Framework devised by Daniel Goleman may be a useful tool when approaching the works of C.S. Lewis and J.R.R. Tolkien as they offer such richness of contexts in which emotions may be conflicting and it is up to the characters to find a path of bringing things under control and restoring harmony.
Tolkien’s Middle-Earth Stories: Things form the Past for a Present-Day Audience?
Authors: Petzold Dieter
Published: January 2022

Practically all of Tolkien’s non-academic writings are in many ways “things of the past”: They are set in a chronotope reminiscent of the middle ages; they reflect images of an idealized past that have roots in Romantic and late-nineteenth-century thought and literature; and they were conceived and developed during the first half of the last century. Nevertheless, they have remained immensely popular, over a period of more than sixty years that has seen enormous changes in technology, ideology, and lifestyle. This paper will attempt a short overview of the ways Tolkien’s writings do reflect certain views typical of their own times – including attitudes towards class, race, and political systems that some critics of Tolkien have regarded as rather reprehensible. In addition it will address the question why Tolkien’s stories have remained highly popular in spite of their apparent ‘outmodedness’. In doing so, it will look briefly at the ways they have been transformed by present-day media like film and internet.