bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Monitoring epidemic processes under political measures
Authors: Chukhrova Nataliya , Plate Oskar , Johannssen Arne
Published: March 2024

Statistical modeling of epidemiological curves to capture the course of epidemic processes and to implement a signaling system for detecting significant changes in the process is a challenging task, especially when the process is affected by political measures. As previous monitoring approaches are subject to various problems, we develop a practical and flexible tool that is well suited for monitoring epidemic processes under political measures. This tool enables monitoring across different epochs using a single statistical model that constantly adapts to the underlying process, and therefore allows both retrospective and on‐line monitoring of epidemic processes. It is able to detect essential shifts and to identify anomaly conditions in the epidemic process, and it provides decision‐makers a reliable method for rapidly learning from trends in the epidemiological curves. Moreover, it is a tool to evaluate the effectivity of political measures and to detect the transition from pandemic to endemic. This research is based on a comprehensive COVID‐19 study on infection rates under political measures in line with the reporting of the Robert Koch Institute covering the entire period of the pandemic in Germany.
Experimental and Theoretical Approach for the Corrosion Deceleration of Mild Steel in Hydrochloric Acid Medium by Two Sulfonamide Derivatives
Authors: Dsouza Pramila Rita , Kudva Jyothi , Kumar Adiyodi Sunil , Shekara Prathima , Naral Damodara , Shetty Adka Nityananda
Published: March 2024

In the pursuit to find corrosion inhibitors of superior efficacy, N‐(pyrimidin‐2‐yl)‐4‐[(quinazoline‐4‐yl)amino]benzene‐1‐sulfonamide (PQS) and N‐(4‐methylpyrimidin‐2‐yl)‐4‐[(quinazoline‐4‐yl)amino]benzene‐1‐sulfonamide (MQS) are the two new sulfonamides employed, which have decelerating effect on mild steel (MS) corrosion in a medium 0.5 M HCl and were found to have an efficiency of 98.7 % and 96.8 % respectively (303 K for 40 ppm concentration) deliberated through the electrochemical techniques (PDP and EIS). The inhibitory efficacy relies on the temperature of the solution and inhibitor concentration. PQS had greater stability than MQS at higher temperatures which is indicative in the obtained experimental data. The relative adsorption process was in consonance with the Langmuir adsorption isotherm. The SEM, EDS, FT‐IR, and AFM analysis validated PQS and MQS to form a barrier on MS, opposing corrosion. The potential energy surfaces (PES) scan and a theoretical study for PQS and MQS were probed employing density functional theory (DFT) at B3LYP/6‐311+G(d, p) basis set level that explicated the formation of a complex between the sulfonamides and MS. The corrosion inhibition efficiency of PQS and MQS inferred from experimental and theoretical data comply, making them credible corrosion inhibitors.
Comparative Investigation on the Catalytic Potential of Borylated Triazine‐Based FLPs for CO2 Sequestration
Authors: Faizan Mohmmad , Bana Dinesh , Kumar Gugulothu Hemant , Pawar Ravinder
Published: March 2024

To address the increasing levels of carbon dioxide (CO2) in the atmosphere, various heterocyclic N/B‐based intramolecular frustrated Lewis pairs (IFLPs) have been experimentally and theoretically investigated. Reports have shown them to be a potential catalyst for CO2 sequestration, however, a comparative rationale of these IFLPs has not been reported. Thus, in the present work, we have proposed an uninvestigated IFLP based on i. e., 2‐boranyl‐1,3,5‐triazine (BT) and compared with previously reported borylated imidazole (Im) and pyrimidine (Prm) for CO2 abduction. The density functional theory (DFT) base calculations have been carried out to probe the reaction mechanism and thorough natural bond orbital analysis has been carried out to get deeper insights into the catalytic behavior of the proposed IFLPs. Further, the effect of substituting the hydrogens at the ring and the B atom of the considered IFLP, by −CH3, −Cl and −OH, on the catalytic behavior has been studied. The results show that the borylated triazines can be a potential catalyst for CO2 sequestration. Also, the catalytic behavior of the presented IFLPs can be modulated by appropriated substitutions.
Enhancing Opportunities for Decoding and Knowledge Building through Beginning Texts
Authors: Hiebert Elfrieda H.
Published: March 2024

Ensuring effective texts for student reading acquisition is a shared goal. This paper addresses the efficacy of decodable and leveled texts, their word features, and outcomes of reorganizing texts by vowel patterns and topics. Sparse evidence supports one text type's superiority in building a strong reading foundation. Further, the decoding demands of decodable and leveled texts diminish after initial instruction. Studies show reorganizing leveled texts according to a decoding curriculum aids reading acquisition. This finding is the basis for illustrating how existing texts can be reorganized to boost reading volume, apply decoding skills, and offer coherent topic exposure.
Thermal corrections to Rényi entropy in BMS field theory
Authors: Zhong Yuan
Published: March 2024

Abstract

In the study of three-dimensional flat holography, the BMS field theory manifests the infinite-dimensional BMS3 symmetry, a powerful tool in elucidating numerous universal phenomena. This paper explores a certain low-temperature limit of the BMS field theory. The primary focus lies in the calculation of the thermal correction to the Rényi entropy of the single interval on the cylinder from the replica trick and the uniformizing map. As a double check, an alternative method calculating the entanglement entropy is introduced, with the entanglement first law and the modular Hamiltonian.
Conformal field theory-data analysis for $$\mathcal{N}$$ = 4 Super-Yang-Mills at strong coupling
Authors: Julius Julius , Sokolova Nika
Published: March 2024

Abstract

We analyse the CFT-data of planar 4D $$\mathcal{N}$$ = 4 Super-Yang-Mills theory at strong coupling. By combining spectral data extracted from integrability, with recent advances in computing the AdS Virasoro-Shapiro amplitude, we extract predictions for leading order OPE coefficients on entire Kaluza-Klein (KK-)towers of states. We observe that the appropriately normalised leading order OPE coefficients for all states in a given KK-tower are the same. Furthermore, we also notice that, in many cases, the leading order OPE coefficients of all states in the KK-tower vanish, suggesting a simplification of the physics in this limit.
Some aspects of the Floquet theory for the heat equation in a periodic domain
Authors: Rosenberg Marcus , Taskinen Jari
Published: March 2024

We treat the linear heat equation in a periodic waveguide $$\Pi \subset {{\mathbb {R}}}^d$$

Π
⊂

R

d

, with a regular enough boundary, by using the Floquet transform methods. Applying the Floquet transform $${{\textsf{F}}}$$
F
to the equation yields a heat equation with mixed boundary conditions on the periodic cell $$\varpi $$
ϖ
of $$\Pi $$
Π
, and we analyse the connection between the solutions of the two problems. The considerations involve a description of the spectral projections onto subspaces $${{\mathcal {H}}}_S \subset L^2(\Pi )$$

H
S

⊂

L
2

(
Π
)

corresponding certain spectral components. We also show that the translated Wannier functions form an orthonormal basis in $${{\mathcal {H}}}_S$$

H
S

.
SH waves in a weakly inhomogeneous half space with a nonlinear thin layer coating
Authors: Ahmetolan Semra , Demirci Ali , Peker-Dobie Ayse , Ozdemir Nese
Published: March 2024

We investigate the self-modulation of Love waves propagating in a nonlinear half-space covered by a nonlinear layer. We assume that the constituent material of the layer is nonlinear, homogeneous, isotropic, compressible, and hyperelastic, whereas for the half-space, it is nonlinear, heterogeneous, compressible and a different hyperelastic material. By employing the nonlinear thin layer approximation, the problem of wave propagation in a layered half-space is reduced to the one for a nonlinear heterogeneous half-space with a modified nonlinear homogeneous boundary condition on the top surface. This new problem is analyzed by a relevant perturbation method, and a nonlinear Schrödinger (NLS) equation defining the self-modulation of waves asymptotically is obtained. The dispersion relation is derived for different heterogeneous properties of the half-space and the thin layer. Then the results of the thin layer approximation are compared with the ones for the finite layer obtained in Teymur et al. (Int J Eng Sci 85:150–162, 2014). The solitary solutions of the derived NLS equation are obtained for selected real material models. It has been discussed how these solutions are influenced by the heterogeneity of the semi-infinite space.
DEGRO guideline for personalized radiotherapy of brain metastases and leptomeningeal carcinomatosis in patients with breast cancer
Authors: Borm Kai J. , Behzadi Sophie T. , Hörner-Rieber Juliane , Krug David , Baumann Rene , Corradini Stefanie , Duma Marciana Nona , Dunst Jürgen , Fastner Gerd , Feyer Petra , Fietkau Rainer , Haase Wulf , Harms Wolfgang , Hehr Thomas , Matuschek Christiane , Piroth Marc D. , Schmeel Leonard Christopher , Souchon Rainer , Strnad Vratislav , Budach Wilfried , Combs Stephanie E. ,   Breast Cancer Expert Panel of the German Society of Radiation Oncology DEGRO
Published: March 2024

Purpose

The aim of this review was to evaluate the existing evidence for radiotherapy for brain metastases in breast cancer patients and provide recommendations for the use of radiotherapy for brain metastases and leptomeningeal carcinomatosis.

Materials and methods

For the current review, a PubMed search was conducted including articles from 01/1985 to 05/2023. The search was performed using the following terms: (brain metastases OR leptomeningeal carcinomatosis) AND (breast cancer OR breast) AND (radiotherapy OR ablative radiotherapy OR radiosurgery OR stereotactic OR radiation).

Conclusion and recommendations

Despite the fact that the biological subtype of breast cancer influences both the occurrence and relapse patterns of breast cancer brain metastases (BCBM), for most scenarios, no specific recommendations regarding radiotherapy can be made based on the existing evidence. For a limited number of BCBM (1–4), stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) or fractionated stereotactic radiotherapy (SRT) is generally recommended irrespective of molecular subtype and concurrent/planned systemic therapy. In patients with 5–10 oligo-brain metastases, these techniques can also be conditionally recommended. For multiple, especially symptomatic BCBM, whole-brain radiotherapy (WBRT), if possible with hippocampal sparing, is recommended. In cases of multiple asymptomatic BCBM (≥ 5), if SRS/SRT is not feasible or in disseminated brain metastases (> 10), postponing WBRT with early reassessment and reevaluation of local treatment options (8–12 weeks) may be discussed if a HER2/Neu-targeting systemic therapy with significant response rates in the central nervous system (CNS) is being used. In symptomatic leptomeningeal carcinomatosis, local radiotherapy (WBRT or local spinal irradiation) should be performed in addition to systemic therapy. In patients with disseminated leptomeningeal carcinomatosis in good clinical condition and with only limited or stable extra-CNS disease, craniospinal irradiation (CSI) may be considered. Data regarding the toxicity of combining systemic therapies with cranial and spinal radiotherapy are sparse. Therefore, no clear recommendations can be given, and each case should be discussed individually in an interdisciplinary setting.
Radiotherapy in localized prostate cancer: a multicenter analysis evaluating tumor control and late toxicity after brachytherapy and external beam radiotherapy in 1293 patients
Authors: Moll Matthias , Nechvile Elisabeth , Kirisits Christian , Komina Oxana , Pajer Thomas , Kohl Bettina , Miszczyk Marcin , Widder Joachim , Knocke-Abulesz Tomas-Hendrik , Goldner Gregor
Published: March 2024

Background and purpose

Comparing oncological outcomes and toxicity after primary treatment of localized prostate cancer using HDR- or LDR-mono-brachytherapy (BT), or conventionally (CF) or moderately hypofractionated (HF) external beam radiotherapy.

Materials and methods

Retrospectively, patients with low- (LR) or favorable intermediate-risk (IR) prostate cancer treated between 03/2000 and 09/2022 in two centers were included. Treatment was performed using either CF with total doses between 74 and 78 Gy, HF with 2.4–2.6 Gy per fraction in 30 fractions, or LDR- or HDR-BT. Biochemical control (BC) according to the Phoenix criteria, and late gastrointestinal (GI), and genitourinary (GU) toxicity according to RTOG/EORTC criteria were assessed.

Results

We identified 1293 patients, 697 with LR and 596 with IR prostate cancer. Of these, 470, 182, 480, and 161 were treated with CF, HF, LDR-BT, and HDR-BT, respectively. For BC, we did not find a significant difference between treatments in LR and IR (p = 0.31 and 0.72). The 5‑year BC for LR was between 93 and 95% for all treatment types. For IR, BC was between 88% in the CF and 94% in the HF group. For CF and HF, maximum GI and GU toxicity grade ≥ 2 was between 22 and 27%. For LDR-BT, we observed 67% grade ≥ 2 GU toxicity. Maximum GI grade ≥ 2 toxicity was 9%. For HDR-BT, we observed 1% GI grade ≥ 2 toxicity and 19% GU grade ≥ 2 toxicity.

Conclusion

All types of therapy were effective and well received. HDR-BT caused the least late toxicities, especially GI.
Das Deutsche Zentrum für Psychische Gesundheit
Authors: Halil Melissa G. , Baskow Irina , Zimdahl Malte F. , Lipinski Silke , Hannig Rüdiger , Falkai Peter , Fallgatter Andreas J. , Schneider Silvia , Walter Martin , Meyer-Lindenberg Andreas , Heinz Andreas
Published: March 2024

Hintergrund

Aufgrund der hohen Krankheitslast, des frühen Beginns und der oft langfristigen Verläufe zählen psychische Erkrankungen zu den Volkskrankheiten mit wachsender Bedeutung. Das Deutsche Zentrum für Psychische Gesundheit (DZPG) wurde gegründet, um Forschungsbedingungen zu verbessern und versorgungsrelevante Ergebnisse schneller in die Praxis zu bringen.

Ziel der Arbeit (Fragestellung)

Das DZPG hat das Ziel, die psychische Gesundheitsversorgung in Deutschland zu optimieren, modifizierbare, gesellschaftliche Ursachen zu beeinflussen und Best-Practice-Modelle zur Versorgung vulnerabler Gruppen zu entwickeln. Es soll die psychische Gesundheit und Resilienz fördern, die Stigmatisierung psychischer Erkrankungen bekämpfen und dazu beitragen, die Behandlung dieser in allen Altersgruppen zu verbessern.

Material und Methoden

Das DZPG nutzt ein translationales Forschungsprogramm, das die Übersetzung von Ergebnissen der Grundlagenforschung in die Klinik und deren breite Anwendung beschleunigt. Es werden Universitätsklinika und -ambulanzen, andere universitäre Fachbereiche und außeruniversitäre Forschungseinrichtungen eingebunden, um eine gemeinsam abgestimmte Infrastruktur für beschleunigte Translation und Innovation zu entwickeln.

Forschungsschwerpunkte

Die Forschungsbereiche adressieren 1) die Interaktion psychischer und somatischer Risiko- und Resilienzfaktoren und Erkrankungen über die Lebensspanne, 2) die Beeinflussung relevanter modifizierbarer Umweltfaktoren und 3) darauf aufbauend die personalisierte Prävention und Intervention.

Schlussfolgerungen

Das DZPG verfolgt das Ziel, innovative präventive und therapeutische Werkzeuge zu entwickeln, die eine verbesserte Versorgung psychisch erkrankter Menschen ermöglichen. Es beinhaltet eine umfassende Integration von Erfahrungsexpert:innen auf allen Entscheidungsebenen und trialogisch-partizipativ in allen Forschungsprojekten.
A note on the per capita Shapley support levels value
Authors: Besner Manfred
Published: March 2024

The per capita Shapley support levels value extends the Shapley value to cooperative games with a level structure. This value prevents symmetrical groups of players of different sizes from being treated equally. We use efficiency, additivity, the null player property, and two new properties to give an axiomatic characterization. The first property, called joint productivity, is a fairness property within components and makes the difference to the Shapley levels value. If all players of two components are only jointly productive, they should receive the same payoff. Our second axiom, called neutral collusions, is a fairness axiom for players outside a component. Regardless of how players of a component organize their power, as long as the power of the coalitions that include all players of the component remains the same, the payoff to players outside the component does not change.
Tracing passive traveling surge-based fault management control scheme in unearthed distribution systems
Authors: Elgamasy Mahmoud M. , Elezzawy Amina I. , Kawady Tamer A. , Elkalashy Nagy I. , Elsadd Mahmoud A.
Published: March 2024

In this paper, a novel enhanced centralized fault management technique is proposed for smart unearthed distribution systems based on tracing passive traveling waves. The main objective of the proposed scheme is to efficiently identify the faulted section among multiple short-length sections within the distribution system. This is accomplished by installing synchronized surge detectors at both the lateral panel substations and the ends of branches. The identification process relies on analyzing the amplitudes and time stamps of the first arrival waves of the voltages. The distribution system is divided into zones based on the number of lateral panel substations, and the proposed approach encompasses three essential steps: determining the faulted zone, identifying the faulted path within the determined zone, and precisely pinpointing the faulted section. The faulted zone is determined by comparing the energies of the first arrival waves across all lateral panel substations. To identify the faulted path and section, two criteria and a voting system are proposed. The strength of the proposed scheme lies in its ability to cover all possible fault scenarios at various locations. Extensive tests are conducted using the detailed simulation of the IEEE 33-bus system with the PSCAD program. The mathematical core of the proposed approach is implemented using MATLAB. The results obtained from these simulations confirm the high reliability of the proposed fault management scheme, making it a viable solution for implementation in distribution systems.
Performing Regular Operations with 1-Limited Automata
Authors: Pighizzini Giovanni , Prigioniero Luca , Sádovský Šimon
Published: March 2024

The descriptional complexity of basic operations on regular languages using 1-limited automata, a restricted version of one-tape Turing machines, is investigated. When simulating operations on deterministic finite automata with deterministic 1-limited automata, the sizes of the resulting devices are polynomial in the sizes of the simulated machines. The situation is different when the operations are applied to deterministic 1-limited automata: while for boolean operations the simulations remain polynomial, for product, star, and reversal they cost exponential in size. The costs for product and star do not reduce if the given machines are sweeping two-way deterministic finite automata. These bounds are tight.
Vibrio Species and Cyanobacteria: Understanding Their Association in Local Shrimp Farm Using Canonical Correspondence Analysis (CCA)
Authors: Dayang Najwa Awg Baki , Elexson Nillian , Dalene Lesen , Teng Sing Tung
Published: March 2024

In aquatic environments, Vibrio and cyanobacteria establish varying relationships influenced by environmental factors. To investigate their association, this study spanned 5 months at a local shrimp farm, covering the shrimp larvae stocking cycle until harvesting. A total of 32 samples were collected from pond A (n = 6), pond B (n = 6), effluent (n = 10), and influent (n = 10). Vibrio species and cyanobacteria density were observed, and canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) assessed their correlation. CCA revealed a minor correlation (p = 0.847, 0.255, 0.288, and 0.304) between Vibrio and cyanobacteria in pond A, pond B, effluent, and influent water, respectively. Notably, Vibrio showed a stronger correlation with pH (6.14–7.64), while cyanobacteria correlated with pH, salinity (17.4–24 ppt), and temperature (30.8–31.5 °C), with salinity as the most influential factor. This suggests that factors beyond cyanobacteria influence Vibrio survival. Future research could explore species-specific relationships, regional dynamics, and multidimensional landscapes to better understand Vibrio-cyanobacteria connections. Managing water parameters may prove more efficient in controlling vibriosis in shrimp farms than targeting cyanobacterial populations.
The United States dermatology inpatient workforce between 2013 and 2019: a Medicare analysis reveals contraction of the workforce and vast access deserts—a cross-sectional analysis
Authors: Hydol-Smith Jourdan A. , Gallardo Matthew A. , Korman Abraham , Madigan Lauren , Shearer Sabrina , Nelson Caroline , Fisher Kristopher , Hoffman Kalyn , Dominguez Arturo , Kaffenberger Benjamin H.
Published: March 2024

While time spent practicing inpatient dermatology has decreased since the 1990s, less is known about the current state of inpatient dermatology. We describe the distribution and frequency of inpatient dermatology encounters servicing the United States Medicare population between 2013 and 2019. Cross-sectional analysis of publicly available inpatient Medicare Part B claims data from 2013 to 2019 was conducted. Main outcomes and measures were characteristics and trends of dermatologists performing inpatient encounters. Categorical variables were compared using χ2 analysis. Trends were analyzed for linearity using Pearson correlation coefficient. 782 physicians met inclusion criteria for inclusion. Dermatologists were more often male (56.5%), possessing allopathic Medical Doctorate (MD) (86.3%), and in metropolitan settings (98.2%). However, proportion of female inpatient dermatologists increased significantly (37.9% to 46.2%). Across rural and metropolitan practices, number of inpatient physicians (2013: 356; 2019: 281) and number of medical centers in which dermatology encounters occurred (2013: 239; 2019: 157) decreased, more significantly in non-residency-associated institutions. Spatial analysis revealed wide regions lacking dermatologists meeting defined criteria. Limitations included the need for ten Medicare inpatient encounters for inclusion, counties without reported data. In conclusion, the number of dermatologists performing > 10 inpatient encounters per year is decreasing, and large variations exist in the number of U.S. inpatient dermatology visits.
A multivariate extension of the Erdős–Taylor theorem
Authors: Lygkonis Dimitris , Zygouras Nikos
Published: March 2024

The Erdős–Taylor theorem (Acta Math Acad Sci Hungar, 1960) states that if $$\textsf{L}_N$$

L
N

is the local time at zero, up to time 2N, of a two-dimensional simple, symmetric random walk, then $$\tfrac{\pi }{\log N} \,\textsf{L}_N$$

π

log
N

L
N

converges in distribution to an exponential random variable with parameter one. This can be equivalently stated in terms of the total collision time of two independent simple random walks on the plane. More precisely, if $$\textsf{L}_N^{(1,2)}=\sum _{n=1}^N \mathbb {1}_{\{S_n^{(1)}= S_n^{(2)}\}}$$

L
N

(
1
,
2
)

=

∑

n
=
1

N

1

{

S
n

(
1
)

=

S
n

(
2
)

}

, then $$\tfrac{\pi }{\log N}\, \textsf{L}^{(1,2)}_N$$

π

log
N

L
N

(
1
,
2
)

converges in distribution to an exponential random variable of parameter one. We prove that for every $$h \geqslant 3$$

h
⩾
3

, the family $$ \big \{ \frac{\pi }{\log N} \,\textsf{L}_N^{(i,j)} \big \}_{1\leqslant i<j\leqslant h}$$

{

π

log
N

L
N

(
i
,
j
)

}

1
⩽
i
<
j
⩽
h

, of logarithmically rescaled, two-body collision local times between h independent simple, symmetric random walks on the plane converges jointly to a vector of independent exponential random variables with parameter one, thus providing a multivariate version of the Erdős–Taylor theorem. We also discuss connections to directed polymers in random environments.
Assessing Argentina's heatwave dynamics (1950–2022): a comprehensive analysis of temporal and spatial variability using ERA5-LAND
Authors: Cimolai Caterina , Aguilar Enric
Published: March 2024

Understanding the spatial and temporal variability of heatwaves is crucial for climate change adaptation. This study examines heatwaves in Argentina from 1950 to 2022, analyzing temporal and spatial changes using four metrics: number of events (E), duration (D), mean intensity (MnI), and maximum intensity (MxI). It investigates seasonal variations (Warm and Cold Seasons—CS, WS) and the influence of different phases of the El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO). Data from ERA5-LAND Reanalysis for 2 m daytime (Tx) and nighttime (Tn) temperatures are utilized. Our findings reveal regions with significantly higher heatwave intensities (Tx) in the North, east of Cuyo, west of Centro, and Southern Patagonia. Conversely, significant heatwave intensities (Tn) were observed, particularly in the north of the Litoral and Southern Patagonia. The Andes region (center and north) exhibited significant intensities for Tn. Both D and E exhibited similar significant trends for both Tn and Tx, except for the central zone. During the WS, the North-West and South Patagonia exhibit significant increasing trends for across most metrics. In contrast, during the CS, a higher number of significant increases in the studied metrics were observed in relation to Tx. El Niño amplifies heatwave intensities nationwide, except in Patagonia, where this occurs during the cold phase. In this phase, E and D of events increase in most Argentinian regions, resulting in a decoupling of intensity and duration, which increases in opposite periods. This study contributes to existing research by providing a detailed understanding of heatwave behavior with high spatial resolution.
Clinical insights into traumatic injury of the inferior alveolar and lingual nerves: a comprehensive approach from diagnosis to therapeutic interventions
Authors: Kämmerer Peer W. , Heimes Diana , Hartmann Amely , Kesting Marco , Khoury Fouad , Schiegnitz Eik , Thiem Daniel G. E. , Wiltfang Jörg , Al-Nawas Bilal , Kämmerer Wolfgang
Published: March 2024

Objectives

This scoping review explores the risk and management of traumatic injuries to the inferior alveolar and lingual nerves during mandibular dental procedures. Emphasizing the significance of diagnostic tools, the review amalgamates existing knowledge to offer a comprehensive overview.

Materials and methods

A literature search across PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library informed the analysis.

Results

Traumatic injuries often lead to hypo-/anesthesia and neuropathic pain, impacting individuals psychologically and socially. Diagnosis involves thorough anamnesis, clinical-neurological evaluations, and radiographic imaging. Severity varies, allowing for conservative or surgical interventions. Immediate action is recommended for reversible causes, while surgical therapies like decompression, readaptation, or reconstruction yield favorable outcomes. Conservative management, utilizing topical anesthesia, capsaicin, and systemic medications (tricyclic antidepressants, antipsychotics, and serotonin-norepinephrine-reuptake-inhibitors), proves effective for neuropathic pain.

Conclusions

Traumatic nerve injuries, though common in dental surgery, often go unrecorded. Despite lacking a definitive diagnostic gold standard, a meticulous examination of the injury and subsequent impairments is crucial.

Clinical relevance

Tailoring treatment to each case's characteristics is essential, recognizing the absence of a universal solution. This approach aims to optimize outcomes, restore functionality, and improve the quality of life for affected individuals.

Graphical abstract
Three-dimensional wall-thickness distributions of unruptured intracranial aneurysms characterized by micro-computed tomography
Authors: Tobe Yasutaka , Yagi Takanobu , Kawamura Koichi , Suto Kenta , Sawada Yoichi , Hayashi Yoshifumi , Yoshida Hirotaka , Nishitani Kazutoshi , Okada Yoshifumi , Kitahara Shigemi , Umezu Mitsuo
Published: March 2024

Aneurysmal rupture is associated with wall thinning, but the mechanism is poorly understood. This study aimed to characterize the three-dimensional wall-thickness distributions of unruptured intracranial aneurysms. Five aneurysmal tissues were investigated using micro-computed tomography. First, the wall thickness was related to the aneurysmal wall appearances during surgery. The median wall thicknesses of the translucent and non-translucent walls were 50.56 and 155.93 µm, respectively (p < 0.05) with significant variation in the non-translucent wall thicknesses (p < 0.05). The three-dimensional observations characterized the spatial variation of wall thicknesses. Thin walls showed a uniform thickness profile ranging from 10 to 40 µm, whereas thick walls presented a peaked thickness profile ranging from 300 to 500 µm. In transition walls, the profile undulated due to the formation of focal thin/thick spots. Overall, the aneurysmal wall thicknesses were strongly site-dependent and spatially varied by 10 to 40 times within individual cases. Aneurysmal walls are exposed to wall stress driven by blood pressure. In theory, the magnitude of wall stress is inversely proportional to wall thickness. Thus, the observed spatial variation of wall thickness may increase the spatial variation of wall stress to a similar extent. The irregular wall thickness may yield stress concentration. The observed thin walls and focal thin spots may be caused by excessive wall stresses at the range of mechanical failure inducing wall injuries, such as microscopic tears, during aneurysmal enlargement. The present results suggested that blood pressure (wall stress) may have a potential of acting as a trigger of aneurysmal wall injury.
Water scooping: tool use by a wild bonobo (Pan paniscus) at LuiKotale, a case report
Authors: Pashchevskaya Sonya , Fruth Barbara , Hohmann Gottfried
Published: March 2024

Tool use diversity is often considered to differentiate our two closest living relatives: the chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes) and the bonobo (P. paniscus). Chimpanzees appear to have the largest repertoire of tools amongst nonhuman primates, and in this species, many forms of tool use enhance food and water acquisition. In captivity, bonobos seem as adept as chimpanzees in tool use complexity, including in the foraging context. However, in the wild, bonobos have only been observed engaging in habitual tool use in the contexts of comfort, play, self-directed behaviour and communication, whilst no tool-assisted food acquisition has been reported. Whereas captive bonobos use tools for drinking, so far, the only report from the wild populations comes down to four observations of moss sponges used at Lomako. Here, we present the first report of tool use in the form of water scooping by a wild bonobo at LuiKotale. An adult female was observed and videotaped whilst using an emptied Cola chlamydantha pod to scoop and drink water from a stream. We discuss the conditions for such observations and the importance of looking out for rare behaviours and attempt to put the observation into the context of the opportunity versus necessity hypotheses. By adding novel information on tool use, our report contributes to the ongoing efforts to differentiate population-specific traits in the behavioural ecology of the bonobo.
On certain representations of pricing functionals
Authors: Marinelli Carlo
Published: March 2024

We revisit two classical problems: the determination of the law of the underlying with respect to a risk-neutral measure on the basis of option prices, and the pricing of options with convex payoffs in terms of prices of call options with the same maturity (all options are European). The formulation of both problems is expressed in a language loosely inspired by the theory of inverse problems, and several proofs of the corresponding solutions are provided that do not rely on any special assumptions on the law of the underlying and that may, in some cases, extend results currently available in the literature. Furthermore, we consider a related problem, arising from nonparametric option pricing, on the reconstruction of put option prices in an approximation scheme where a sequence of measures converges to the (image) measure of the underlying’s return at fixed maturities.
Conformal solitons for the mean curvature flow in hyperbolic space
Authors: Mari L. , Oliveira J. Rocha de , Savas-Halilaj A. , Sena R. Sodré de
Published: March 2024

In this paper, we study conformal solitons for the mean curvature flow in hyperbolic space$$\mathbb {H}^{n+1}$$Hn+1. Working in the upper half-space model, we focus on horo-expanders, which relate to the conformal field$$-\partial _0$$-∂0. We classify cylindrical and rotationally symmetric examples, finding appropriate analogues of grim-reaper cylinders, bowl and winglike solitons. Moreover, we address the Plateau and the Dirichlet problems at infinity. For the latter, we provide the sharp boundary convexity condition to guarantee its solvability and address the case of non-compact boundaries contained between two parallel hyperplanes of$$\partial _\infty \mathbb {H}^{n+1}$$∂∞Hn+1. We conclude by proving rigidity results for bowl and grim-reaper cylinders.
Maribacter halichondriae sp. nov., isolated from the marine sponge Halichondria panicea, displays features of a sponge-associated life style
Authors: Steiner Leon X. , Wiese Jutta , Rahn Tanja , Borchert Erik , Slaby Beate M. , Hentschel Ute
Published: March 2024

A new member of the family Flavobacteriaceae (termed Hal144T) was isolated from the marine breadcrumb sponge Halichondria panicea. Sponge material was collected in 2018 at Schilksee which is located in the Kiel Fjord (Baltic Sea, Germany). Phylogenetic analysis of the full-length Hal144T 16S rRNA gene sequence revealed similarities from 94.3 to 96.6% to the nearest type strains of the genus Maribacter. The phylogenetic tree of the 16S rRNA gene sequences depicted a cluster of strain Hal144T with its closest relatives Maribacter aestuarii GY20T (96.6%) and Maribacter thermophilus HT7-2T (96.3%). Genome phylogeny showed that Maribacter halichondriae Hal144T branched from a cluster consisting of Maribacter arenosus, Maribacter luteus, and Maribacter polysiphoniae. Genome comparisons of strain Maribacter halichondriae Hal144T with Maribacter sp. type strains exhibited average nucleotide identities in the range of 75–76% and digital DNA-DNA hybridisation values in the range of 13.1–13.4%. Compared to the next related type strains, strain Hal144T revealed unique genomic features such as phosphoenolpyruvate-dependent phosphotransferase system pathway, serine-glyoxylate cycle, lipid A 3-O-deacylase, 3-hexulose-6-phosphate synthase, enrichment of pseudogenes and of genes involved in cell wall and envelope biogenesis, indicating an adaptation to the host. Strain Hal144T was determined to be Gram-negative, mesophilic, strictly aerobic, flexirubin positive, resistant to aminoglycoside antibiotics, and able to utilize N-acetyl-β-D-glucosamine. Optimal growth occurred at 25–30 °C, within a salinity range of 2–6% sea salt, and a pH range between 5 and 8. The major fatty acids identified were C17:0 3-OH, iso-C15:0, and iso-C15:1 G. The DNA G + C content of strain Hal144T was 41.4 mol%. Based on the polyphasic approach, strain Hal144T represents a novel species of the genus Maribacter, and we propose the name Maribacter halichondriae sp. nov. The type strain is Hal144T (= DSM 114563T = LMG 32744T).
Climate Change Denial and Corporate Environmental Responsibility
Authors: Afzali Mansoor , Colak Gonul , Vähämaa Sami
Published: March 2024

This paper examines whether corporate environmental responsibility is influenced by regional differences in climate change denial. While there is an overwhelming consensus among scientists that climate change is happening, recent surveys still indicate widespread climate change denial across societies. Given that corporate activity causing climate change is fundamentally rooted in individual beliefs and societal institutions, we examine whether local perceptions about climate change matter for firms’ engagement in environmental responsibility. We use climate change perception surveys conducted in the U.S. to compute a novel measure of climate change denial for each U.S. county. We find that firms located in counties with higher levels of climate change denial have weaker environmental performance ratings, are more likely to commit environmental violations, and impose greater environmental costs on society. Regional differences in religiosity, social capital, political leaning, or county-level demographic characteristics cannot explain these results. Furthermore, we document that strong corporate governance mechanisms and corporate culture moderate the negative relationship between climate change denial and corporate environmental responsibility. Overall, our findings offer new insights into how local beliefs and perceptions about climate change may influence firm-level sustainability practices.
Outcomes of Best-Practice Guided Digital Mental Health Interventions for Youth and Young Adults with Emerging Symptoms: Part I. A Systematic Review of Socioemotional Outcomes and Recommendations
Authors: Opie Jessica E. , Vuong An , Welsh Ellen T. , Gray Richard , Pearce Natalie , Marchionda Sonia , Mutch Rachel , Khalil Hanan
Published: March 2024

Youth-specific digital mental health interventions (DMHI) represent an emerging field of study, and aim to increase access, improve socioemotional outcomes, and, where required, support triage to targeted interventions. However, prior reviews have reported inconsistent findings on the clinical effectiveness of such interventions in young adults (12–25 years). Further, shortfalls remain for the impact of guided interventions based on the mode of delivery and the type of human support personnel (e.g., professional or peer) guiding the intervention. In response, this systematic review, co-designed with Australia’s leading mental health organization, aims to assess the effectiveness of guided digital programs in improving youth socioemotional outcomes. Included studies involve young people experiencing mental ill-health, receiving brief (i.e., 1–12 sessions), digitally delivered (at least partially) psychological interventions that were guided or partially guided, tested in a type of experimental study, with a socioemotional outcome. Specific socioemotional outcomes examined were depression, anxiety, stress, wellbeing, mindfulness, and quality of life. A systematic search of the contemporary published and grey literature identified 22,482 records with 32 relevant records published between 2018 and 2023. A narrative synthesis guided integration of findings. Results demonstrated strong evidence for the effectiveness of guided interventions on socioemotional outcomes (i.e., depression, anxiety, stress) yet these effects were short-lived. When factoring in the use of different control groups (i.e., active vs. inactive), inconsistent effects were observed for the socioemotional outcomes of depression, anxiety, and stress. The mode of delivery (i.e., asynchronous, synchronous, combined) and the type of human support personnel did not appear to impact socioemotional outcomes. Results indicate efficacious brief digital interventions for depression and anxiety include refresher/follow-up content, goal setting content, and relapse prevention content. In contrast, poor efficacy is associated with interventions that include homework tasks, self-monitoring, and log-keeping content.

PROSPERO, ID CRD42023405812.
The Economic Value of Pollination Services for Seed Production: A Blind Spot Deserving Attention
Authors: Feuerbacher Arndt , Herbold Theresa , Krumbe Falk
Published: March 2024

Animal-mediated pollination is important for agricultural seed and crop production, and critical to overall ecosystem health. However, the scientific literature focused on the economic valuation of pollination services has thus far neglected the role of pollination services in seed production. The marketed food output of many crops is not dependent on pollination services, but these crops indirectly depend on pollination services with respect to their seed production. This study proposes a partial equilibrium framework for identifying the value of pollination services. Using Germany as a case study, we find the value of pollination services is about 33% higher when seed production is considered. This increased valuation is driven by two effects: higher seed costs due to high dependence on pollination services, and a higher demand for seeds due to the land expansion needed to mitigate a potential pollinator collapse. This study demonstrates that more sophisticated approaches are needed to estimate the economic value of pollination services more accurately.
The cooperative ESG disclosure index: an empirical approach
Authors: Castilla-Polo Francisca , García-Martínez Gabriel , Guerrero-Baena M. Dolores , Polo-Garrido Fernando
Published: March 2024

Growing concern about Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) performance is pushing businesses, including social economy enterprises such as cooperatives, to seek solutions for Sustainable Development (SD) challenges. This study explores the current landscape of ESG reporting by Spanish cooperatives, adding to the limited knowledge about their sustainability disclosure practices. We propose a specific framework for these entities based on non-financial indicators as a preliminary step to develop an index for ESG reporting, the Cooperative ESG Reporting Index (COOPESG). In terms of methodology, the first step is to create an ad hoc database of primary data sourced through the analysis of cooperative websites. Then, by reviewing the indicators reported by these companies, these primary data are then used to develop an index. Our findings show that only half of the sampled cooperatives have a specific section on their website for ESG reporting. Regarding formats, Codes of Ethics were the most frequent type of report used, followed by the publication of information on SDGs. In terms of content disclosed, the social and governance blocks stand out, while the least information is disclosed on the economic and environmental blocks. Furthermore, there is evidence of a size and sector effect on the disclosed content. All this provides valuable insights for scholars and practitioners alike. Thus, the main practical contribution of this paper for cooperative managers is that it supports the effective disclosure of ESG in line with prevailing good practice, addressing emerging social regulation in the context of the European Union. Also, for academia this study offers a practical breakthrough in the analysis of this subject, helping to fill the gap on cooperatives found in the ESG reporting literature and setting a new research agenda.
Thermophysical Properties for Alkylphosphonate and Alkylphosphate Compounds
Authors: Piltan Aidana , Štejfa Vojtěch , Fulem Michal , Růžička Květoslav
Published: March 2024

Organophosphorus compounds have a wide range of applications; they are commonly used as drugs or pesticides or in the production of ion batteries. However, some organophosphorus compounds, which were developed as warfare nerve agents, are neurotoxic and potentially lethal to living organisms. On the basis of the literature search, certain properties of these compounds are not well known. Knowledge of thermodynamic properties and the availability of reliable data are fundamental in the development of methods for detecting, treating, and safely analyzing decontamination. For research purposes, substitutes, called simulants, which have similar molecular structures and properties but are less toxic, are often employed. This work presents a thermodynamic study of four organophosphorus nerve agent simulants: trimethyl phosphate, triethyl phosphate, dimethyl methylphosphonate, and diethyl methylphosphonate. Differential scanning calorimeter and a Tian–Calvet type calorimeter were used to analyze their phase behavior and measure the liquid heat capacities, respectively. Vapor pressures were experimentally determined with the static method. Ideal-gas heat capacities were calculated using the R1SM approach, which combines the rigid rotor–harmonic oscillator model, the one-dimensional hindered rotor model, and the mixing model. The results obtained were compared with the data from the literature and simultaneously correlated to obtain a highly reliable thermodynamic description.

Graphical Abstract
A novel fluffy PLGA/HA composite scaffold for bone defect repair
Authors: Tao Yuan , Jia Meng , Shao-Qiang Yang , Lai Cheng-Teng , Hong Qian , Xin Yu , Hui Jiang , Qing-Gang Cao , Jian-Da Xu , Ni-Rong Bao
Published: March 2024

Treatment of bone defects remains crucial challenge for successful bone healing, which arouses great interests in designing and fabricating ideal biomaterials. In this regard, the present study focuses on developing a novel fluffy scaffold of poly Lactide-co-glycolide (PLGA) composites with hydroxyapatite (HA) scaffold used in bone defect repair in rabbits. This fluffy PLGA/HA composite scaffold was fabricated by using multi-electro-spinning combined with biomineralization technology. In vitro analysis of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) seeded onto fluffy PLGA/HA composite scaffold showed their ability to adhere, proliferate and cell viability. Transplant of fluffy PLGA/HA composite scaffold in a rabbit model showed a significant increase in mineralized tissue production compared to conventional and fluffy PLGA/HA composite scaffold. These findings are promising for fluffy PLGA/HA composite scaffolds used in bone defects.

Graphical Abstract
Germline HAVCR2/TIM-3 Checkpoint Inhibitor Receptor Deficiency in Recurrent Autoinflammatory Myocarditis
Authors: Pernaa Nora , Vakkuri Anni , Arvonen Miika , Kuismin Outi , Santaniemi Wenny , Glumoff Virpi , Lappi-Blanco Elisa , Lantto Ulla , Okkonen Marjo , Kaikkonen Kari , Junttila Juhani , Kerkelä Risto , Åström Pirjo , Hautala Timo
Published: March 2024

Myocarditis can be caused by viral infection, drug reaction or general inflammatory condition. To provide understanding on inflammatory myocarditis, we describe clinical, genetic, and immunological properties of a young male patient who suffered from recurrent myocarditis episodes since the age of four years. Electrocardiography, troponin I/T, echocardiography, myocardial magnetic resonance imaging and histological findings were consistent with recurrent myocarditis episodes. Homozygous c.245 A > G p.Tyr82Cys pathogenic variant in Hepatitis A Virus Cellular Receptor 2 (HAVCR2) gene encoding T cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain-containing protein 3 (TIM-3) receptor was found. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were collected when the patient was asymptomatic; CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphoblasts, CD56+ natural killer cells and CD14+ monocytes were negative for surface TIM-3 expression. In vitro, TLR4 mediated interleukin-1β (IL-1β) response was high after LPS/ATP stimulation. Clinical symptoms responded to IL-1 receptor antagonist anakinra. TIM-3 p.Tyr82Cys CD4+ and CD8+ T cell proliferation in vitro was unrestrained. Findings on IL-2, interferon gamma, regulatory T cells, signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) 1, 3 and 4 phosphorylation, and PD-1 and LAG-3 checkpoint inhibitor receptor analyses were comparable to controls. We conclude that TIM-3 deficiency due to homozygous HAVCR2 c.245 A > G p.Tyr82Cys pathogenic variant in the patient described here is associated with autoinflammatory symptoms limited to early onset recurrent febrile myocarditis. Excessive IL-1β production and defective regulation of T cell proliferation may contribute to this clinical condition responsive to anakinra treatment.