bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Relationship between Compassion Experienced by Social Workers and Job Performance: The Double Mediating Effect of Positive Psychological Capital and Affective Commitment
Authors: Ko Sung-Hoon , Ryu In Ae , Choi Yongjun
Published: June 2022

Background:

Compassion at work is integral for employees experiencing suffering in a wide range of contexts. Especially, it could be more critical for social workers who have relatively high levels of emotional demands. Thus, this current study aims to explore the mechanisms through how the experiences of compassion at work enhance social workers’ job performance.

Methods:

The participants were 356 social workers in South Korea. This study used a cross-sectional research design along with a self-report survey. Path analyses were used to test our hypotheses.

Results:

Compassion was positively related to positive psychological capital, and positive psychological capital was also positively related to affective commitment and job performance. In addition, we found that effective commitment was positively related to job performance. Accordingly, positive psychological capital mediated the positive relationships between compassion and affective commitment as well as compassion and job performance. Furthermore, the serial multiple mediation effect of positive psychological capital and affective commitment on the relationship between compassion and job performance was significant.

Conclusion:

Our findings suggest that social workers engaged in social welfare facilities build positive psychological capital through compassion and make an affective commitment to their work, eventually improving their job performance. Our findings provide practical insights for organizations, especially social welfare organizations, by shedding light on the importance of spreading an empathetic and positive organizational culture in enhancing social workers’ job performance.
Drug-food Interactions in the Era of Molecular Big Data, Machine Intelligence,
and Personalized Health
Authors: Roy Romy , Marakkar Shamsudheen , Vayalil Munawar Peringadi , Shahanaz Alisha , Anil Athira Panicker , Kunnathpeedikayil Shameer , Rawal Ishaan , Shetty Kavya , Shameer Zahrah , Sathees Saraswathi , Prasannakumar Adarsh Pooradan , Mathew Oommen Kaleeckal , Subramanian Lakshminarayanan , Shameer Khader , Yadav Kamlesh K.
Published: June 2022

The drug-food interaction brings forth changes in the clinical effects of drugs. While favourable interactions bring positive clinical outcomes, unfavourable interactions may lead to toxicity. This article reviews the impact of food intake on drug-food interactions, the clinical effects of drugs, and the effect of drug-food in correlation with diet and precision medicine. Emerging areas in drug-food interactions are the food–genome interface (nutrigenomics) and nutrigenetics. Understanding the molecular basis of food ingredients, including genomic sequencing and pharmacological implications of food molecules, help to reduce the impact of drug-food interactions. Various strategies are being leveraged to alleviate drug-food interactions: measures including patient engagement, digital health, approaches involving machine intelligence, and big data are a few of them. Furthermore, delineating the molecular communications across diet-microbiome-drug-food-drug interactions in a pharmacomicrobiome framework may also play a vital role in personalized nutrition. Determining nutrient-gene interactions aids in making nutrition deeply personalized and helps mitigate unwanted drug-food interactions, chronic diseases, and adverse events from its onset. Translational bioinformatics approaches could play an essential role in the next generation of drug-food interaction research. In this landscape review, we discuss important tools, databases, and approaches along with key challenges and opportunities in drug-food interaction and its immediate impact on precision medicine.
An Intelligent Home Design System Based on the Internet of Things
Authors: Yiqing Jing
Published: June 2022

Background:

Recently, the development of information technology has promoted the
application of the internet of things in all aspects of life. Amongst them, the intelligent home system designed by WiFi and ZigBee is widely accepted and used. With the wide applications of the
internet of things, the intelligent home design system is playing an important role in our lifestyle.

Methods:

In this paper, an intelligent home design system based on the internet of things is proposed, which includes a temperature monitor, humidity monitor, human body infrared monitor,
illumination monitor, smoke monitor and PM2.5 monitor.

Results:

As a result, the proposed system is able to achieve the tasks of real-time acquisition and monitoring on humiture, illumination insensity, noxious gas, fire smoke and burglary, etc. Different from the existing systems, the designed system is expected to afford a comfortable, safe and friendly environment with a wide applications.

Results:

As a result, the proposed system is able to achieve the tasks of real-time acquisition and
monitoring of humiture, illumination intensity, noxious gas, fire smoke, burglary, etc. Different
from the existing systems, the designed system is expected to provide a comfortable, safe and
friendly environment with various applications.

Conclusion:

The ZigBee-based intelligent home design system not only changes the single dwelling and living forms of senior citizens, but also improves the quality of life, especially the customize functions designed for empty-nesters, leading to a more interesting circumstance.

Conclusion:

The ZigBee-based intelligent home design system not only changes the dwelling and
living forms of senior citizens, but also improves the quality of life, especially the customized
functions designed for empty-nesters, providing a more favorable means for the quality of life.
Control Design for the NPC Three-Level Grid-Connected Converter with
Non-Ideal Grid System
Authors: Hou Wenbao , Ling Zang , Li Delu
Published: June 2022

Background:

The large-scale distributed new energy integrations bring about various
non-ideal grid situations, which could deteriorate the control performance of grid-connected converters.

Objective:

This study aims to improve the control performance of the grid-connected converters
when the grid is non-ideal.

Methods:

Firstly, a neutral point clamped (NPC) three-level grid-connected converter was studied,
and the characteristics of the non-ideal grid were analyzed in detail. Then, a real-time signal extraction
method called generalized sliding discrete Fourier transform (GSDFT) has been proposed to
extract the non-ideal signals, e.g., harmonic components and negative sequence components, based
on which a double closed-loop control strategy was designed to improve the control performance of
the grid-connected converters when the grid is non-ideal.

Results:

The experimental results show that the converter double closed-loop control strategy in the
non-ideal grid environment is suitable for a variety of non-ideal grid environments, and the gridconnected
effect is good.

Conclusion:

Firstly, this paper analyzes the characteristics of non-ideal grid and establishes the
mathematical model of NPC three-level grid-connected converter in non-ideal grid environment.
Secondly, aiming at the problem of characteristic harmonics and negative sequence components in
non-ideal power grid, a real-time and fast extraction method of non-ideal signals based on generalized
sliding discrete Fourier transform is proposed. Finally, taking the three-phase grid current of
grid-connected converter as the control target, the closed-loop control strategy of non-ideal signal
extraction based on GSDFT is designed, and a good control effect is achieved.
Research on Real-time and High-precision Positioning Method of Ground
Target through UAV Stereo Vision and Spatial Information Fusion
Authors: Wang Ping , Luo Xianquan , Junwei Lv
Published: June 2022

Background:

Positioning accuracy is the most important index of the reconnaissance
positioning system. Positioning accuracy involves many factors, such as the position, attitude and
motion state of the flight platform, the pointing accuracy of the stable platform, and various coordinate
transformations. A reasonable fusion strategy can guarantee stable positioning accuracy, so it is
very important to study the precise fusion of machine vision, 3D geographic data and UAV airborne
positioning information to realize the optimal combination of positioning data and complete the accurate
and rapid positioning of the ground target.

Methods:

In this paper, a location model based on stereo vision and spatial information fusion
method is proposed. It fully integrates visual information, satellite positioning information and spatial
geographic information, greatly improves positioning accuracy, and through a real-time processing
algorithm, significantly improves real-time positioning.

Results:

Through the related experiments, positioning accuracy and real-time ability of positioning
could reach about three meters.

Conclusion:

The proposed real-time and high-precision positioning method of the ground target
through UAV stereo vision and spatial information fusion is proposed showing significant improvement
compared to other traditional methods.
SDN el futuro de las comunicaciones SDN The Future of Communications
Authors: Quintero Barco Yeiler Alberto
Published: June 2022

Software Defined Networking (SDN) is an exciting technology that enables the design and management of networks in a dynamic way. Although this technology has the concept of being new in this world of technology, it can be stated that SDN has a long history of efforts to make computer networks to the point of being programmable. For this reason, this article aims to talk about the history that has framed the SDN and look at what isthe future of it with respect to large enterprises where large data flows are handled more commonly called data centers, finally, a small discussion of the issues addressed at the beginning of this article is made.
Aplicación de metodología para testing del sistema de información del dapard para procesos de aseguramiento de la calidad
Authors: Agudelo Arboleda Andrés , García Arango David Alberto , Castro Ramírez Frey de Jesús
Published: June 2022

The development of an information system is presented that has a functional module that is the registration of events, consultation and integration of all kinds of information such as historical documentary geographic, (matrix tables among others) of disasters that occur throughout Antioquia but It should be considered that this system does not have information security systems, therefore, the application of a methodology that allows quality assurance is identified for the migration of databases since this information is not well structured which makes traceability difficult. It is proposed as final elements that it is important to have security implementation protocols in the platform that is managed there, which also requires being more intuitive for the user.
Analysis of students' initial scientific literacy of science in elementary school teacher education student
Authors: Widyasari Astri , Haryanto Haryanto
Published: June 2022

This study aimed to determine the level of scientific literacy possessed by prospective elementary school teachers at Yogyakarta State University. The method used in this research is a qualitative description. The research design used is descriptive quantitative research. The number of subjects in this study was 44 students of PGSD UNY. Data was collected through an online questionnaire survey. Questionnaire data were obtained through question items distributed to respondents in Google Form. The data collection was analyzed using Microsoft Excel and explained as a descriptive explanation. The results of this study indicate that the average scientific literacy ability in scientific competence as a whole is 66.08%, with the achievement category being "good." The percentage of scientific literacy skills achievement on the indicator of identifying scientific problems is 58.33% with the "enough" category. The percentage of achievement on the indicator explaining scientific phenomena is 71.60% with the "good" category. In contrast, the percentage of scientific literacy achievement on scientific evidence indicators is 69.17% in the "good" category. Overall, the literacy level of PGSD UNY students is in the "good" category.
Implementing web-based e-scaffolding enhances learning (ESEL) at the center of mass conceptual understanding
Authors: Sarah Lia Laela , Ananto Yudi , Octonary Dona , Nussifera Lissiana
Published: June 2022

Many online learning models are alternatives due to the Covid-19 pandemic in synchronous, asynchronous, or mixed-mode. However, resources to support independent student learning in Indonesia were still limited. The focus topic of the study is developing students' understanding of the physics concept of center of mass. A Web-based E-Scaffolding Enhance Learning (ESEL) was identified and implemented. This study used a quasi-experiment, one group, pretest-posttest design. Forty-one students participated in the research. The ESEL model involved four phases: sense-making, process management, articulation, and reflection. Students undertook ESEL-based activity developed for the online asynchronous mode implementation. In addition, synchronous meetings and sharing of learning results using an online platform. Data analysis shows that the web-based ESEL model supported online learning of the center of mass concept, though some improvements are possible. Specifically, learning outcomes increased with a significant value increase between the pre-test and post-test, and a normalized gain score of 0.73 indicated effective learning in high criteria. This research shows that the web-based ESEL approach is an effective self-directed learning tool for online physics classrooms.
Эффект сверхпроводящего спинового клапана в структурах со слоями ферромагнитного сплава Гейслера
Authors: Камашев А.А. , Гарифьянов Н.Н. , Валидов А.А. , Фоминов Я.В. , Гарифуллин И.А.
Published: June 2022

The transport properties of two types of spin valves are analyzed, in which the Heusler alloy Co2Cr1-xFexAly was used as one of the two ferromagnetic layers in the F1/F2/S structures. The Heusler alloy layer was used: 1) as a weak ferromagnet, in the case of the F2 layer; 2) as a halfmetal, in the case of the F1 layer. In the first case, a large classical effect of the superconducting spin valve ΔTc was obtained, which was facilitated by a significant triplet contribution to the effect of the superconducting spin valve ΔTctrip. In the second case, a gigantic effect value ΔTctrip was found reaching 0.5 K.
Структура, морфология, транспорт и механизм потери кислорода в тонких пленках YBa-=SUB=-2-=/SUB=-Cu-=SUB=-3-=/SUB=-O-=SUB=-7-delta-=/SUB=-, полученных импульсным лазерным напылением со скоростной фильтрацией эрозионного факела
Authors: Ильин А.И. , Иванов А.А. , Егоров В.К.
Published: June 2022

We report the study of YBa2Cu3O7‒delta films, synthesized on SrTiO3(100) substrates by pulsed laser deposition with velocity filtration, using X-ray diffractometry, transport measurements, and scanning electron microscopy. We have revealed the dependence of the structure of 100-200 nm thick YBa2Cu3O7‒delta films on deposition time and velocity of particles in erosion plume, set by velocity filter. After deposition, the films, or their part, close to the substrate, consisted of 3‒10-nm crystals with oxygen index delta = 0.08, the same as in the target. For deposition time from 10 to 60 min, we observed the growth of regular pyramids with triangular and quadrangular bases from 20 to 500 nm in size at the base and spiral pyramids with polygonal bases on the film surface. The maximum oxygen loss up to delta = 0.35 and T (R = 0) up to 77.4 K coincided with the appearance of spiral pyramids up to 100 nm-high. These findings evidence in favor of oxygen depletion of the top layers of YBa2Cu3O7‒delta thin films through the formation and growth of oxygen-deficient pyramids on their surface. The oxygen index in the range of delta = 0.08‒0.15 in both nanocrystals and regular pyramids of 20‒300 nm in size provided T(R = 0) =84‒87 K and the width of superconducting transition DeltaT = 2.5‒3.5 K.
Джозефсоновские туннельные переходы с интегральным СИН-шунтированием
Authors: Шевченко М.С. , Филиппенко Л.В. , Киселев О.С. , Кошелец В.П.
Published: June 2022

This work is devoted to the study of tunnel Josephson superconductor-insulator-superconductor (SIS) junctions with a new type of shunting based on the usage of an additional superconductor-insulator-normal metal (NIS) junction located around the SIS junction. Numerical calculations of the parameters of such shunted junctions were carried out and modeling of their IVC (current-voltage characteristics) was performed. The designed samples were manufactured, their parameters were studied. To investigate the behavior of junctions under the influence of high-frequency signals in the sub-THz range, their IVCs were measured.
Моделирование распределения температур в функциональном наноэлементе из NbN со встроенной областью нормального металла
Authors: Гурович Б.А. , Гончаров Б.В. , Приходько К Е. , Кутузов Л.В.
Published: June 2022

Проведено моделирование распределения температур в функциональном наноэлементе из NbN со встроенной областью нормального металла. Функциональный элемент представляет собой два нанопровода из NbN толщиной 4 nm, расположенных на подложке из монокристаллического AL2O3. Провода разделены слоем диэлектрика толщиной 10 nm. В нижний нанопровод с помощью технологии СЗА, встроена область нормального металла. Дана приблизительная оценка быстродействия функциональных наноструктур, для создания которых используется подобный поход. Ключевые слова:Тонкие сверхпроводящие пленки NbN; функциональные сверхпроводящие наноэлементы из NbN; моделирование тепловых процессов.
Распространение спиновых волн в композитной структуре YIG/FeRh в виде системы связанных микроволноводов
Authors: Саломатова Е.И. , Одинцов С.А. , Сахаров В.К. , Хивинцев Ю.В. , Амиров А.А. , Садовников А.В.
Published: June 2022

In this paper present that it is possible to control the characteristics of spin waves (SW) in a system of lateral magnetic waveguides made of iron yttrium garnet (YIG) by changing the characteristics of the antiferromagnetic iron-rhodium (FeRh) layer located above these waveguides. In particular it is shown that by changing the geometric parameters and magnetization of the FeRh layer one can control the amplitude and phase of SW propagating in lateral microwaveguides. The modes under which dips appear on the transmittance amplitude-frequency response (AFR) due to redistribution of the SW power are revealed, and their location can be controlled by changing the properties of the FeRh layer. The results obtained can be used to create microwave demultiplexers and taps based on the proposed structure.
Преобразование магнитного момента в гетерофазном наномагнетике GdFеCo|IrMn вблизи точки компенсации ферримагнетика
Authors: Горнаков В.С. , Шашков И.В. , Кабанов Ю.П. , Коплак О.В.
Published: June 2022

Ta|Pt|GdFeCo|IrMn|Pt multilayer structure with perpendicular magnetic anisotropy in vicinity of the ferrimagnet compensation temperature TK has been carried out. It has been established that the distribution of the magnetic moment in the GdFeCo ferrimagnetic film exchange-coupled to the IrMn antiferromagnet is largely determined by the magnitude and orientation of both the field applied during cooling from room temperature to T = 2 K and the testing field over the entire temperature range. It is shown that the direction of the domain wall moving changes to the opposite one at a fixed value of the amplitude of the magnetic field pulse when the temperature passes through the TK.
Фотогальванический эффект в ферромагнетике со спин-орбитальным взаимодействием
Authors: Караштин Е.А.
Published: June 2022

The effect of the appearance of an electric current induced by the electromagnetic radiation at the interface of a ferromagnet and a non-magnetic material is calculated theoretically, taking into account the Rashba spin-orbit coupling. It is shown that the electric dipole transitions between the spin subbands of the conduction electrons of a ferromagnet due to the Rashba interaction lead to a photocurrent. This current has a resonance at a frequency corresponding to the energy of the exchange splitting of spin subbands. The resonance width is determined by the spin-orbit interaction constant. The estimates made show the possibility of experimental observation of this effect in specially prepared multilayer systems.
Синхронизация автоколебаний обменно-связанных магнитных вихрей
Authors: Миронов В.Л. , Татарский Д.А. , Фраерман А.А.
Published: June 2022

The results of micromagnetic modeling of the gyrotropic mode of magnetization auto-oscillations in overlapping ferromagnetic disks under the action of a spin-polarized current are presented. It is shown that the exchange interaction between disks significantly increases the binding energy of magnetic vortices and, as a consequence, reduces the dephasing of the vortex core gyration in neighboring disks.
Генерация магнитоиндуцированной второй гармоники в тонких пленках с интерфейсами ферромагнетик/антиферромагнетик
Authors: Радовская В.В. , Майдыковский А.И. , Новиков В.Б. , Копылов Д.А. , Гусев Н.С. , Пашенькин И.Ю. , Мурзина Т.В.
Published: June 2022

We experimentally studied the generation of optical second harmonic (SH) and magneto-optical effects at the SH frequency in thin films consisting of ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic materials, including exchange-bonded layers, one of which is pinned with an antiferromagnetic layer. As expected, the loops of the linear magneto-optical Kerr effect are shifted relative to the zero magnetic field value, which reflects the presence of a pronounced exchange interaction in such structures. It is shown that in the case of the nonlinear Kerr magneto-optical effect this effect is also present, but it is significantly smaller than in the nonlinear case, and leads to the observation of only one hysteresis loop instead of two. The studied dependence of the magneto-optical response at the TH frequency on the probing laser radiation power demonstrates that its growth leads to a decrease in the magnetic hysteresis loop shift of the TH.
Maternal and child health book training on improving cadre skills in early detection of pregnancy risks
Authors: Noviyanti Asri , Jasmi Jasmi , Asmalinda Wita
Published: June 2022

Background: Maternal and child health book (MCH) is one of the media for recording and reporting health that contains information on maternal health (pregnancy, childbirth and postpartum) and child health (monitoring growth and development, background and child health records) as well as various information on how to maintain and care for the health of mothers and children. And health cadres are one of the health service providers who have an important role in maternal and child health services. Cadres have a role in promoting and monitoring the health of pregnant women to carry out pregnancy checks in health facilities. Especially during the COVID-19 pandemic, it is necessary to be physically, mentally and socially prepared for pregnant women during pregnancy and childbirth. So that knowledge and skills are very important to be able to provide health services, early detection of pregnancy risks.

Objectives: of this study was to determine the effect of MCH book training on skills in early detection of pregnancy risk.

Methods:  method is a quasi-experimental observational study with a two group pretest post test only design method with a total sample of 60 cadres. The interventions given were MCH book training with the face-to-face method in group I and MCH book training with the face-to-face method and presenting educational videos in the intervention group II. The research was conducted in the working area of Pembina and Pakjo Public Health Centers, Palembang City. Data analysis using mc nmar test and chi square test.

Results: of the study found that there were differences in the skills of cadres in conducting early detection of pregnancy risk in both intervention group I (p=0.012) and intervention group II (p=0.000) and that there was an effect of MCH book training on skills in early pregnancy detection efforts (p=0.002; OR = ,16,789).

Conclusion :  of this study is that the MCH book training with the face-to-face method combined with the provision of early pregnancy risk education is able to improve the skills of cadres better than presenting MCH book training with the face-to-face method.
Propagación y siembra de árboles nativos con potencial forrajero para la alimentación de ovinos y caprinos en comunidades indígenas wayúu de la Alta Guajira: O’omajaa jüma apünajaa wüichii jiküinpala mürülü ka’ula jüma anneerü, wüinpümüin
Authors: Rúa Bustamante Clara Viviana , Zuluaga Peláez Jhon Jairo , Rivera Rojas Milton , Lombo Ortiz Darwin Fabian , Gómez Ramírez Luis Fernando , Arias Rojas Jaime Andrés , Hernández Ramírez Cristian Camilo , Caballero López Adelina Rosa , Iguarán Montiel Miladis Carolina
Published: June 2022

La crianza de ovejas y cabras se reconoce como una actividad agropecuaria de gran importancia sociocultural y socioeconómica para las comunidades indígenas wayúu de La Guajira. El sistema de alimentación predominante es el pastoreo, en el cual los animales recorren grandes extensiones de tierra en búsqueda de alimento. En el caso de la Alta Guajira, incluso llegan a las zonas de áreas protegidas por el Parque Nacional Natural de Macuira, lo cual afecta su sostenibilidad. La presente cartilla forma parte de los resultados del Convenio Específico N.° 003 de 2020, celebrado entre Patrimonio Natural Fondo para la Biodiversidad y Áreas Protegidas, Parques Nacionales Naturales de Colombia-Dirección Territorial Caribe y la Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria (AGROSAVIA), para implementar una estrategia de uso y manejo sostenible de la biodiversidad en la comunidad indígena wayúu Jalein, zona de influencia (amortiguación) del Parque Nacional Natural de Macuira, La Guajira, y presenta recomendaciones tecnológicas para recolectar de manera adecuada las semillas de las forrajeras nativas que son reconocidas por la comunidad como especies que consumen los ovinos y caprinos. Asimismo, se hacen recomendaciones sobre el proceso de germinación y propagación en vivero, siembra y cuidados que se deben tener con las plantas para lograr su crecimiento adecuado.
Continuous mHealth Patch Monitoring for the Algorithm-Based Detection of Atrial Fibrillation: Feasibility and Diagnostic Accuracy Study
Authors: Santala Onni E , Lipponen Jukka A , Jäntti Helena , Rissanen Tuomas T , Tarvainen Mika P , Laitinen Tomi P , Laitinen Tiina M , Castrén Maaret , Väliaho Eemu-Samuli , Rantula Olli A , Naukkarinen Noora S , Hartikainen Juha E K , Halonen Jari , Martikainen Tero J
Published: June 2022

Background

The detection of atrial fibrillation (AF) is a major clinical challenge as AF is often paroxysmal and asymptomatic. Novel mobile health (mHealth) technologies could provide a cost-effective and reliable solution for AF screening. However, many of these techniques have not been clinically validated.

Objective

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the feasibility and reliability of artificial intelligence (AI) arrhythmia analysis for AF detection with an mHealth patch device designed for personal well-being.

Methods

Patients (N=178) with an AF (n=79, 44%) or sinus rhythm (n=99, 56%) were recruited from the emergency care department. A single-lead, 24-hour, electrocardiogram-based heart rate variability (HRV) measurement was recorded with the mHealth patch device and analyzed with a novel AI arrhythmia analysis software. Simultaneously registered 3-lead electrocardiograms (Holter) served as the gold standard for the final rhythm diagnostics.

Results

Of the HRV data produced by the single-lead mHealth patch, 81.5% (3099/3802 hours) were interpretable, and the subject-based median for interpretable HRV data was 99% (25th percentile=77% and 75th percentile=100%). The AI arrhythmia detection algorithm detected AF correctly in all patients in the AF group and suggested the presence of AF in 5 patients in the control group, resulting in a subject-based AF detection accuracy of 97.2%, a sensitivity of 100%, and a specificity of 94.9%. The time-based AF detection accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity of the AI arrhythmia detection algorithm were 98.7%, 99.6%, and 98.0%, respectively.

Conclusions

The 24-hour HRV monitoring by the mHealth patch device enabled accurate automatic AF detection. Thus, the wearable mHealth patch device with AI arrhythmia analysis is a novel method for AF screening.

Trial Registration

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03507335; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03507335
Operationalizing Engagement With an Interpretation Bias Smartphone App Intervention: Case Series
Authors: Ramadurai Ramya , Beckham Erin , McHugh R Kathryn , Björgvinsson Thröstur , Beard Courtney
Published: June 2022

Background

Engagement with mental health smartphone apps is an understudied but critical construct to understand in the pursuit of improved efficacy.

Objective

This study aimed to examine engagement as a multidimensional construct for a novel app called HabitWorks. HabitWorks delivers a personalized interpretation bias intervention and includes various strategies to enhance engagement such as human support, personalization, and self-monitoring.

Methods

We examined app use in a pilot study (n=31) and identified 5 patterns of behavioral engagement: consistently low, drop-off, adherent, high diary, and superuser.

Results

We present a series of cases (5/31, 16%) from this trial to illustrate the patterns of behavioral engagement and cognitive and affective engagement for each case. With rich participant-level data, we emphasize the diverse engagement patterns and the necessity of studying engagement as a heterogeneous and multifaceted construct.

Conclusions

Our thorough idiographic exploration of engagement with HabitWorks provides an example of how to operationalize engagement for other mental health apps.
Exploring COVID-19–Related Stressors: Topic Modeling Study
Authors: Leung Yue Tong , Khalvati Farzad
Published: June 2022

Background

The COVID-19 pandemic has affected the lives of people globally for over 2 years. Changes in lifestyles due to the pandemic may cause psychosocial stressors for individuals and could lead to mental health problems. To provide high-quality mental health support, health care organizations need to identify COVID-19–specific stressors and monitor the trends in the prevalence of those stressors.

Objective

This study aims to apply natural language processing (NLP) techniques to social media data to identify the psychosocial stressors during the COVID-19 pandemic and to analyze the trend in the prevalence of these stressors at different stages of the pandemic.

Methods

We obtained a data set of 9266 Reddit posts from the subreddit \rCOVID19_support, from February 14, 2020, to July 19, 2021. We used the latent Dirichlet allocation (LDA) topic model to identify the topics that were mentioned on the subreddit and analyzed the trends in the prevalence of the topics. Lexicons were created for each of the topics and were used to identify the topics of each post. The prevalences of topics identified by the LDA and lexicon approaches were compared.

Results

The LDA model identified 6 topics from the data set: (1) “fear of coronavirus,” (2) “problems related to social relationships,” (3) “mental health symptoms,” (4) “family problems,” (5) “educational and occupational problems,” and (6) “uncertainty on the development of pandemic.” According to the results, there was a significant decline in the number of posts about the “fear of coronavirus” after vaccine distribution started. This suggests that the distribution of vaccines may have reduced the perceived risks of coronavirus. The prevalence of discussions on the uncertainty about the pandemic did not decline with the increase in the vaccinated population. In April 2021, when the Delta variant became prevalent in the United States, there was a significant increase in the number of posts about the uncertainty of pandemic development but no obvious effects on the topic of fear of the coronavirus.

Conclusions

We created a dashboard to visualize the trend in the prevalence of topics about COVID-19–related stressors being discussed on a social media platform (Reddit). Our results provide insights into the prevalence of pandemic-related stressors during different stages of the COVID-19 pandemic. The NLP techniques leveraged in this study could also be applied to analyze event-specific stressors in the future.
Developing the Message Assessment Scale for Tobacco Prevention Campaigns: Cross-sectional Validation Study
Authors: Rath Jessica M , Perks Siobhan N , Williams Kenneshia N , Budnik Tracy , Geraci John , Vallone Donna M , Hair Elizabeth C
Published: June 2022

Background

Mass media campaigns are effective for influencing a broad range of health behaviors. Prior to launching a campaign, developers often conduct ad testing to help identify the strengths and weaknesses of the message executions among the campaign’s target audience. This process allows for changes to be made to ads, making them more relevant to or better received by the target audience before they are finalized. To assess the effectiveness of an ad’s message and execution, campaign ads are often rated using a single item or multiple items on a scale, and scores are calculated. Endorsement of a 6-item perceived message effectiveness (PME) scale, defined as the practice of using a target audience’s evaluative ratings to inform message selection, is one approach commonly used to select messages for antitobacco campaigns; however, the 6-item PME scale often does not produce enough specificity to make important decisions on ad optimization. In addition, the PME scale is typically used with adult populations for smoking cessation messages.

Objective

This study includes the development of the Message Assessment Scale, a new tobacco prevention message testing scale for youth and young adults.

Methods

Data were derived from numerous cross-sectional surveys designed to test the relevance and potential efficacy of antitobacco truth campaign ads. Participants aged 15-24 years (N=6108) responded to a set of 12 core attitudinal items, including relevance (both personal and cultural) as well as comprehension of the ad’s main message.

Results

Analyses were completed in two phases. In phase I, mean scores were calculated for each of the 12 attitudinal items by ad type, with higher scores indicating more endorsement of the item. Next, all items were submitted to exploratory factor analysis. A four-factor model fit was revealed and verified with confirmatory factor analysis, resulting in the following constructs: personally relevant, culturally relevant, the strength of messaging, and negative attributes. In phase II, ads were categorized by performance (high/medium/low), and constructs identified in phase I were correlated with key campaign outcomes (ie, main fact agreement and likelihood to vape). Phase II confirmed that the four constructs identified in phase I were all significantly correlated with main fact agreement and vape intentions.

Conclusions

Findings from this study advance the field by establishing an expanded set of validated items to comprehensively assess the potential effectiveness of advertising executions. This set of items expands the portfolio of ad testing measures for ads focused on tobacco use prevention. Findings can inform how best to optimize ad executions and message delivery for health behavior campaigns, particularly those focused on tobacco use prevention among youth and young adult populations.
Published Research on COVID-19 in the Eastern Mediterranean Region: Bibliometric Analysis
Authors: Saad Randa K , Abu Khudair Sara , El Rabbat Maha , Omar Mayeh , Al Nsour Mohannad , Khader Yousef , Rawaf Salman
Published: June 2022

Background

The challenges presented by the COVID-19 pandemic have led to unprecedented global research activity. The Eastern Mediterranean Region (EMR) continues to contribute to COVID-19 research driven by the unique challenges of the region, including the protracted conflicts, already stressed health systems, and serious health and social inequalities.

Objective

This study aims to provide an overview of the publication activities and trends in COVID-19 research in the EMR from the onset of the disease to early 2022 using bibliometric methods.

Methods

A literature search using Scopus was conducted from December 1, 2019, to January 31, 2022, using keywords relevant to COVID-19 and the World Health Organization (WHO) EMR country list. Data were exported and analyzed using Microsoft Excel and the Citation Overview function on Scopus. The quality of journals was determined using SCImago Journal Rank and CiteScore. VOSviewer software was used to visualize the relationships between authors, countries, and key terms used in the retrieved documents.

Results

A total of 6880 documents were retrieved, of which 1805 (26.24%) were from the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) and 1782 (25.90%) from Iran, followed by Pakistan, Egypt, and Jordan. Most published documents were affiliated with EMR universities, primarily the Tehran University of Medical Sciences in Iran and King Saud University in KSA (396/6880, 5.76%, and 370/6880, 5.4%, respectively), while only 407 (5.92%) of 6880 documents were associated with universities outside the EMR. For most of the identified publications (5020/6880, 72.97%), no funding source was reported, while King Saud University contributed the largest share (282/1860, 15.16%) of funded publications. Retrieved documents were cited 53,516 times, with an average of 7.78 (SD 34.30). Iran was the EMR country with the most links to other countries (77 links and total link strength of 1279). The 5 authors with the most publications were from KSA, Qatar, and Jordan. There were 290 high-frequency keywords that occurred ≥10 times and were linked in 7 different clusters. The cluster with the most linked keywords was related to epidemiology and mortality. Recent topics included vaccines, vaccination, machine learning, and online learning.

Conclusions

This is the first study to show trends in and project future developments of COVID-19 research activity in the EMR. Authors and institutions who led research on COVID-19 in the region were from Iran and KSA. There were multiple regional collaborative efforts; however, international collaboration was limited. Recently, interest has been shifting toward topics related to vaccination, machine learning, and online learning. Understanding the current state of research is instrumental to future research production, and our study will inform regional research initiatives on emerging concepts, as well as opportunities for collaboration and funding.
The Power of Patient Engagement With Electronic Health Records as Research Participants
Authors: Pawelek Jeff , Baca-Motes Katie , Pandit Jay A , Berk Benjamin B , Ramos Edward
Published: June 2022

Electronic health record (EHR) technology has become a central digital health tool throughout health care. EHR systems are responsible for a growing number of vital functions for hospitals and providers. More recently, patient-facing EHR tools are allowing patients to interact with their EHR and connect external sources of health data, such as wearable fitness trackers, personal genomics, and outside health services, to it. As patients become more engaged with their EHR, the volume and variety of digital health information will serve an increasingly useful role in health care and health research. Particularly due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the ability for the biomedical research community to pivot to fully remote research, driven largely by EHR data capture and other digital health tools, is an exciting development that can significantly reduce burden on study participants, improve diversity in clinical research, and equip researchers with more robust clinical data. In this viewpoint, we describe how patient engagement with EHR technology is poised to advance the digital clinical trial space, an innovative research model that is uniquely accessible and inclusive for study participants.
Correction: Natural Language Processing to Identify Digital Learning Tools in Postgraduate Family Medicine: Protocol for a Scoping Review (Preprint)
Authors: Yan Hui , Rahgozar Arya , Sethuram Claire , Karunananthan Sathya , Archibald Douglas , Bradley Lindsay , Hakimjavadi Ramtin , Helmer-Smith Mary , Jolin-Dahel Kheira , McCutcheon Tess , Puncher Jeffrey , Rezaiefar Parisa , Shoppoff Lina , Liddy Clare
Published: June 2022

UNSTRUCTURED

This is a corrigendum related to MS 34575.
Assessment of Multi-Nutrients and Heavy Metals in Inorganic Fertilizers Widely Used by Indonesian Farmers Using NAA
Authors: Murniasih Sri , Santosa Sri Juari , Roto Roto
Published: June 2022

This research aims to determine the concentration of multi-nutrients and heavy metals and investigate the correlation among them in the seven inorganic fertilizers in Indonesia. Sample analysis was carried out using the NAA method. The highest concentrations of macro-nutrients were K (36.54 %) and Cl (18.09%) found in the KCl sample, while Ca (23.01%) was observed in the TSP sample. In the case of micro-nutrients, the highest concentrations of Se (0.36 mg/kg), Ti (597 mg/kg), Br (1.84%), and Ni (2.46 mg/kg) detected in the NPK sample. Meanwhile, the highest concentrations of Co (19.57 mg/kg) and Na (1.40%) were measured in the ZA sample, while Mg, with the highest concentration of 1.78%, was found in the KMgS sample. The micro-nutrients with the highest concentration detected in the TSP sample were Cr (45.96 mg/kg), Zn (342.6 mg/kg), and Mn (1331 mg/kg). Non-essential elements such as U, V, La, Sb, Sm, Th, Hf, Sr, Cs, Tb, Sc, Rb, Ta, and Eu were also detected in the fertilizer samples with the highest concentrations in the TSP sample. Statistical tests of multi-nutrient and heavy metals concentrations indicated that multi-nutrient and heavy metals in fertilizers are complex.
Design, Synthesis, and Anti-mycobacterial Evaluation of New 3,5-Disubstituted-pyrazole-1-carbothioamides
Authors: Wong Kok Tong , Osman Hasnah , Parumasivam Thaigarajan , Abd Ghani Muhammad Solehin , Hassan Mohd. Zaheen , Supratman Unang , Mohamad Taib Mohamad Nurul Azmi
Published: June 2022

Two series of new 3,5-disubstituted-pyrazole-1-carbothioamides (4a-f and 5a-e) were designed and synthesized through condensation reaction between chalcones and thiosemicarbazides under alkaline condition via cyclocondensation reaction. The structures have been elucidated by Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR), High-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS), one- and two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) analyses. These compounds were assayed for in vitro anti-tuberculosis activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Ra using the Tetrazolium microplate assay (TEMA) method. As a result, six compounds (i.e., 4a, 4d, 4f, 5a, 5c, and 5d) showed a weak activity with minimum inhibition concentration (MIC) between 650–530 μM, and other compounds showed no inhibition against MTB. In addition, all tested compounds also did not show any cidal effects for minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC), even at the highest test concentration.
Ion Impregnation Effect of Fe, Cu, Cr-attributed Mordenite on Stearic Acid Cracking
Authors: Abdulloh Abdulloh , Rahmah Ulfa , Sakti Satya Candra Wibawa , Widati Alfa Akustia , Permana Ahmadi Jaya , Prasetya Rochadi , Ahmad Musbahu Adam , Fahmi Mochamad Zakki
Published: June 2022

The improvement in the design of mordenite-based catalysts focuses on the present study to fulfill the massive demand for bio-aviation fuel (BAF) as renewable energy. Modification of the mordenite through ionic impregnation of Fe, Cu, and Cr, has supported the mordenite to perform with better efficiency and activity in catalyzing the cracking process of stearic acid. The adjustment on catalytic activity was carried out by simply reacting the catalyst with stearic acid at 190 °C and investigating cracking products with Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectroscopy. The results of the GC-MS test of the cracking product showed the formation of alkane-alkene and aromatic compounds. BAF was selectively obtained (30.27%) when the reaction was catalyzed by FeCuCr/mordenite catalyst. The BAF derived from FeCuCr/mordenite contained hydrocarbons that include xylene, mesitylene, dodecane, tridecane, tetradecane, and pentadecane. However, reduced selectivity was realized (19.85%) when the reaction was catalyzed by nano FeCuCr/mordenite. Its hydrocarbon constituents include benzene, tetradecane, and pentadecane compounds.
Effect of Solution pH on the Photo-Oxidation of 4-Chlorophenol by Synthesized Silver-Zinc Oxide Photocatalyst
Authors: Razali Nur Syafiqa Hazirah , Mohamad Mukhair Hayati , Lee Kian Mun , Saiman Mohd Izham , Abdullah Abdul Halim
Published: June 2022

Due to its toxicity, 4-chlorophenol (4CP) must be removed from the wastewater before discharging into open water. In this work, ZnO and Ag-ZnO photocatalysts were prepared via a solvothermal method under mild conditions (150 °C), followed by calcination at 300 °C and then characterized. The addition of Ag resulted in a change of the ZnO morphologies, which exhibited wurtzite structure, from irregular to rod-like shape, lower bandgap energy, and a lower electron-hole recombination rate. The 0.6 Ag-ZnO catalyst showed the highest efficiency in the photooxidation of 4CP under UV irradiation. Molecular 4CP exists in acidic and near-neutral conditions (pH 4 and 6) and is stable towards UV irradiation. Photooxidation of 2.3 × 10–4 mol/L 4CP by 0.8 g of 0.6% Ag-ZnO resulted in 67% removal of molecular 4CP at pH 6 with a rate constant of 4.0 × 10–3 min–1. Under similar conditions, a complete photooxidation of the anionic 4CP was observed at pH 11 with a rate constant of 1.4 × 10–2 min–1. The holes and superoxide radicals are the species responsible for molecular 4CP photoooxidation, while hydroxyl radicals are the dominant species for anionic 4CP. The prepared Ag/ZnO photocatalyst exhibit good potential to efficiently oxidize 4CP in both acidic and alkaline conditions.
Protein Markers Related to Non-halal Slaughtering Process of Rat as Mammal Animal’s Model Detected Using Mass Spectrometry Proteome Analysis
Authors: Aini Alvina Nur , Airin Claude Mona , Raharjo Tri Joko
Published: June 2022

Meat produced from non-halal slaughter is forbidden for Moslems. The slaughter methods contribute to the physiological response of animals expressed as different proteome profile. Proteome of two meat obtained from the halal and non-halal slaughter of Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus) as an animal model was used to search for protein markers related to the slaughter method. The analysis employed Sodium Dodecyl Sulhate Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE), and High-Resolution Mass Spectrometer (HRMS) assisted with Label-Free Quantification (LFQ) Proteome Discoverer software. The non-halal slaughter contributed to the changes in protein expression in animal meat where thirteen proteins were up-regulated and three proteins were specifically identified in the non-halal slaughter, these three proteins are NSFL1 cofactor p47, transketolase, and Von Willebrand. There are three stable peptides identified of those three proteins, SYQDPSNAQFLESIR (m/z = 1755, z = +1) part of NSFL1 cofactor p47, LGQSDPAPLQHQVDVYQK (m/z = 2023, z = +1) part of transketolase, VPLLCTNGSVVHHEVINAMQCR (m/z = 2550, z = +1) part of Von Willebrand. Two of peptides can be targeted as markers in MRM mode LC-MS/MS routine analysis to authentication-halal slaughtering meat. The proposed MRM pair ions are 1755 to 1376, 1262, 1164, and 963, 2033 to 1355, 1016, and 762.