bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
IN-VIVO ACUTE TOXICITY TEST OF BIOACTIVE PHYTOCHEMICALS IN LOCALLY USED MANGO AND SOURSOP LEAVES USING LABORATORY MICE
Authors:   Department of Biomedical Engineering, Federal University of Technology, Owerri, Nigeria, Churchill Chisom Ogbonna , Samuel Chidi Iwuji ,   Department of Biomedical Engineering, Federal University of Technology, Owerri, Nigeria, Ihebuzor Nnanta Ndubuka Gideon ,   Department of Biomedical Engineering, Federal University of Technology, Owerri, Nigeria, Taofik Oladimeji Azeez ,   Department of Biomedical Engineering, Federal University of Technology, Owerri, Nigeria, Sixtus Amarachukwu Okafor ,   Department of Biomedical Engineering, Federal University of Technology, Owerri, Nigeria
Published: February 2023

The consumption of plant-based herbal formulations have been on the increase in recent times, due to their medicinal properties, however, the identification, isolation and characterization of their bioactive constituents for specific health therapy and their safety have remained an issue of concern. This research identified, isolated and characterized succinic acid from saponin fraction of Mangifera indica (mango leaf SPEM) and hexamethyl cyclotrisiloxane from flavonoid fraction of Annona muricata (soursop leaf SPES). Cold maceration was used for extraction with ethanol as the solvent. GCMS of the samples mass spectra was analysed and gravimetric methods used for the extraction of the bioactive constituents. Results from screening of both leaf samples revealed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, phenols, terpenoids and saponins. Quantitative analysis of crude ethanolic extract yielded 15.15% and 20.60% respectively for mango leaf and soursop leaves. The selected phytochemicals for both samples yielded high for flavonoids and saponin, followed by phenol and tannin then alkaloids and terpenoids that gave the least yield. Succinic Acid and Hexamethyl Cyclotrisiloxane were selected respectively as the predominant organic compounds, isolated and administered in two phases to a group of randomly distributed mice for acute toxicity test (LD50). The first phase involved the oral administration of 10, 100 and 1000 mg/kg body weight, and 1600, 2900 and 5000 mg/kg body weight of the extracts. Results showed that the saponin fractions of SPEM (Succinic Acid) were found to be non-toxic at doses ≤ 1000 mg/kg b.w (body weight) while the flavonoid fraction of SPES (Hexamethyl Cyclotrisiloxane) was non-toxic at doses ≤ 5000 mg/kg b.w. We conclude therefore, that both phytochemicals are safe for oral administration at low doses of about ≤ 1000 mg/kg b.w.
Development and Implementation of an Automatic Plant Watering System
Authors:   Nnamidi Azikiwe University (UNIZIK) Awka, and Caritas University Amoriji Nike, Emene, Enugu Nigeria., M.I. Chukwuagu , E.C. Aneke ,   Nnamidi Azikiwe University (UNIZIK) Awka, and Caritas University Amoriji Nike, Emene, Enugu Nigeria.
Published: February 2023

The aim of this paper is to Automatic watering or irrigation control system has been designed and constructed. The prototype of the system worked according to specification and quite satisfactorily. The system components are readily available, relatively affordable and they operate quite reliably. The system helps to eliminate the stress of manual irrigation and irrigation control while at the same time conserving the available water supply. Improving Irrigation efficiency can contribute greatly to reducing production costs of agricultural products, thereby making the industry to be more competitive and sustainable .It can be seen from the results obtained that the system responded linearly with respect to the degree of dryness for the three soil types. There is a linear relationship between the degree of soil dryness and the time taken to irrigate the soil. At 50% dryness, irrigation duration was 2.0, 2.0 and 2.5 seconds for sandy, loamy and clayey soils respectively. While at 70% dryness, irrigation duration increased to 3.0, 7.5 and 8.0 seconds for sandy, loamy and clayey soils respectively. It is seen that irrigation in loamy soil generally took longer in loamy soil than in sandy soil, and clayey soil irrigation took longest.
DEVELOPMENT AND IMPLEMENTATION OF AN E-VOTING MOBILE APPLICATION
Authors:   Caritas University Amorji Nike, Enene, Enugu and Nnamidi Azikiwe University (UNIZK) Awka, Nigeria., M.I. Chukwuagu , E. C. Aneke ,   Caritas University Amorji Nike, Enene, Enugu and Nnamidi Azikiwe University (UNIZK) Awka, Nigeria.
Published: February 2023

The fundamental right to vote or simply voting in elections forms the basis of democracy. The conduct of periodic, competitive, participatory, credible and non-violent elections is one of the main yardsticks used to determine the democratic condition of a state. In Nigeria, elections have been conducted using the manual system of voting ever since we started practicing democracy in 1999, but these elections using the manual means, have been marred with a lot of electoral malpractices and hitches. These include; violent attacks on the voters, result manipulations, vote buying, remoteness of polling centers etc. These are enough reasons that necessitate the development and implementation of an electronic voting system that goes a long way in addressing most of these problems. Nigeria’s first ever electronic voting election was in introduced on February 6, 2018 in Kaduna state independent electoral commission (KAD-SIECOM). (KAD-SSIECOM) has appointed EMPTECH to provide an integrated electronic voting solution for the purpose of conducting local government council elections in the 23 local government councils of Kaduna state in 2018. The e-voting system aims at eliminating the bottlenecks evident in the manual voting system such as; the lengthy registration process, unnecessary movement of votes units, election violence and ultimately, the incredibility of the votes. This was achieved by developing a time effective registration platform which registers a voter and assigns a voter their voter’s card immediately. The voter also gets to vote from their nearest safe and convenient polling unit and their votes is counted where it belongs. The results obtained from subsequent tests were very impressive in terms of time, security and accuracy as compared to the manual system. Such system with all these capabilities will go a long in ameliorating the aforementioned problems of the existing manual system of voting in the Nigerian electoral process.
SOLAR ENERGY-POWERED MULTIPLE CELLPHONES CHARGING (BOOTH)
Authors:   Caritas University Amoriji Nike, emene, Enugu and Nnamidi Azikiwe University (UNIZIK) Awka, Nigeria, E.C. Aneke , M. I. Chukwuagu ,   Caritas University Amoriji Nike, emene, Enugu and Nnamidi Azikiwe University (UNIZIK) Awka, Nigeria
Published: February 2023

The work present the development and implementation of a solar powered multiple cell phones charging system (booth) for 50 cell phones that is capable of charging multiple phones including laptops 24 hours without supply from the main grid. The work is a stand-alone solar renewable energy system that can be used in urban and rural areas with the aim of solving the problem of phone as at when due, due to power failure from main grid or where there is no electricity at all. The system hardware is consists of Solar panel, charge controller, deep circle battery, inverter and multiple charging outlets. The solar panel converts the sun energy to direct current electrical energy to charge the battery through the charge controller. The charge controller controls and regulates the voltage from the solar panel to the battery and also monitors the charging process to avoid over charging of the battery. The battery stores the energy from the sun and supplies it to the input of the inverter. The inverter inverts or converts the direct current (DC) to an alternating current (AC). The 220VAC at the output of the inverter is connected to the multiple socket outlets where phones and laptop is connected for charging.
DEVELOPMENT AND IMPLEMENTATION OF A DUAL AXES SOLAR TRACKING CHARGING SYSTEM
Authors:   Caritas University Amoriji Nike, Emene, Enugu and Nnamidi Azikiwe University (UNIZIK) Awka, Nigeria, M. I Chukwuagu , E.C. Aneke ,   Caritas University Amoriji Nike, Emene, Enugu and Nnamidi Azikiwe University (UNIZIK) Awka, Nigeria
Published: February 2023

The poor state of the energy situation in Nigeria has been impacting very negatively on the life of the people, paralyzing industrial and manifesting machinery and stultifying economic growth of country. The paper overviews the development and implementation and drive system techniques that cover application of solar panel, the solar tracking system can be classified into two categories namely are classification based on nature of motion and classification based on freedom of motion. The paper described the various designed components of the tracking systems. However, the proposed average voltage with tracking system outperformed the average voltage without tacking of both in photovoltaic and LDRs output. The average voltage without tracking system is 9.27V and average voltage with tracking system is 12V. The average voltage with tracking system outperformed the average voltage without tracking system by 2.73V. This show that the average voltage with tracking system achieved better result than the voltage without tracking system, finally the percentage increase is 22.7%.
SYSTEMATIC FIELD APPLICATION OF ENHANCED PLASMONIC ORGANIC SOLAR CELL: AN OVERVIEW
Authors:   School of Advanced Technologies, Engineering Science (SATES), Accra Institute of Technology P.O.BOX AN-19782, Accra-North, Ghana, Evans Wenya Gideon , Budu Bismark ,   School of Advanced Technologies, Engineering Science (SATES), Accra Institute of Technology P.O.BOX AN-19782, Accra-North, Ghana
Published: February 2023

Organic solar cells (OSCs) have attracted considerable research interest due to their satisfactory properties including light-weight, low-cost, low-temperature fabrication process, semi-transparency and mechanical flexibility. Recent advances in OSCs have demonstrated above 10% efficiency in single-junction cells, indicating a strong competitiveness when compared with the commercial silicon photovoltaic system. To obtain maximum efficiency, there is a trade-off between light absorption and charge transport efficiency. Plasmonic light-trapping scheme is a feasible approach to maximize light absorption while maintaining charge transport efficiency. To give an overall look at the plasmonic organic solar cells, we review the recent progress on plasmonic-enhanced OSCs devices by integration with metal plasmonic enhancers, including both experimental and theoretical works. Among the varying proposed plasmonic structures, nano particles are preferable because of their strong scattering properties, particle size tunability, shape, and dielectric environment. In addition, design approaches based on plasmonics can be used to improve absorption in solar cells, permitting a considerable reduction in the physical thickness of solar cell absorber layers, and yielding novel options for solar-cell designs. Also, the simplicity in plasmonics preparation and integration methods is easily compatible with the standard solar cell fabrication process.
Observation Methodology, Informal Pedagogical Assessment, and School Integration in a Student with Autism Spectrum Disorder
Authors:   Department of Philology, University of Peloponnese, Kalamata, Greece, Korea Maria Drossinou , Alexopoulos Panagiotis ,   Department of Primary Education, University of the Aegean, Rhodes, Greece
Published: February 2023

The main hypothesis focuses on the ability of literature teachers to understand the difficulties of a student with Autism Spectrum Disorder [ASD] in junior high school (as presented in the film Ben X). The paper presents school and instructional integration in secondary education with the methodology of observation for special educational needs [SENs] in autism. For this purpose, the pedagogical tool "Targeted, Individual, Structured, Integrated Intervention Program of Special Education and Training" [TISIPfSEN] is used, with an emphasis on the school's weekly timetable. According to the findings, hetero-observations and the teacher's informal pedagogical assessment contribute to the definition of teaching priorities for the student in terms of time spent on the computer and cooperation with classmates.
The Effect of Discipline and Work Environment on Employee Performance and Job Satisfaction as Mediation Variable
Authors:   Universitas Muhammadiyah Purworejo, Indonesia, Setianingrum Catur , Widjajani Susi ,   Universitas Muhammadiyah Purworejo, Indonesia, Saur Utomo Agus ,   Universitas Muhammadiyah Purworejo, Indonesia, Baraba Ridwan ,   Universitas Muhammadiyah Purworejo, Indonesia, Algifari Algifari ,   STIE YKPN Yogyakarta, Indonesia
Published: February 2023

This study aims to investigate the relationship between discipline and work environment on employee performance, as well as the mediating function that job satisfaction has in both relationships. Purposive sampling was used in the sampling technique, and provided 139 employees of the Purworejo Regency Food Security and Agriculture Agency as respondents. A questionnaire with multiple choice answers on a Likert scale is used to collect data. Using the Smart PLS for analyzing the data, the result shown that job satisfaction has been moderated the direct relationship between discipline and the workplace environment and employee performance. These findings suggest that if the work environment of the Purworejo Regency Food Security and Agriculture Service employees improves, such as through the provision of facilities that are sufficiently complete and adequate, the environment is clean, the atmosphere of the workspace is calm, the arrangement of rooms is in accordance with needs, and relationships with coworkers are amicable, then some will increase employee satisfaction at work, and job satisfaction will affect employee. Future research is suggested to include additional factors including organizational culture, employee motivation, leadership, loyalty, or commitment.
IMPRESSÃO DE MODELOS TRIDIMENSINAIS PARA O ENSINO DE CIÊNCIAS NA EDUCAÇÃO BÁSICA: UM RELATO DE EXPERIÊNCIA
Authors: DA MATA INGRID RIBEIRO SOARES , DE SOUZA JOÃO GABRIEL OLIVEIRA , CARVALHO MAX MEDEIROS MENDONÇA E , MOURA HUDSON FERNANDO NUNES , BARONEZA JOSÉ EDUARDO
Published: February 2023

Frente a um contexto de muitos desafios na educação pública brasileira, novos métodos para aprimorá-la estão cada vez mais em voga. No contexto do ensino público fundamental e médio, motivar os alunos e oferecer meios que facilitem a compreensão e a aplicação dos conteúdos abordados é desafiador, sobretudo num cenário onde as aulas expositivas são hegemônicas e o investimento é baixo. O trabalho apresentado relata uma experiência de oficina para professores do ensino médio, onde foi discutido e aplicado o uso da tecnologia de manufatura aditiva na produção de modelos tridimensionais para o ensino de ciências. Tal oficina serviu como excelente momento de discussão e reflexão quanto aos desafios e benefícios de aplicar propostas inovadoras no ensino de ciências, e também de como a impressão 3D oferece uma ferramenta notável.
Origem e diversidade da vida: atuação da escola na compreensão científica de estudantes do Ensino Médio
Authors: Balbi Rodrigo Corrêa , Falcão Eliane Brígida
Published: February 2023

Os temas da origem da vida e evolução biológica são fundamentais no ensino da biologia, contudo nem sempre são apreendidos pelos estudantes, havendo ainda permanência de explicações religiosas para fenômenos naturais. Este artigo apresenta resultados de investigação realizada em duas escolas públicas, uma federal e outra estadual. Comparou-se as representações sociais dos alunos acerca da origem e diversidade da vida, fontes percebidas pelos próprios estudantes como influentes de suas percepções e as estruturas físicas e pedagógicas das instituições. As representações sociais dos estudantes foram identificadas com uso da técnica do DSC, Discurso do Sujeito Coletivo, a partir da coleta de suas respostas a um questionário. Os resultados mostraram que os estudantes da escola federal apresentaram discurso mais ancorado em explicações científicas para origem e diversidade da vida. Essa escola apresenta maior carga horária, maior variedade de experiências de aprendizagem relacionadas ao estudo do tema e seus alunos percebiam sua escola como principal referência para sua compreensão dos fenômenos evolutivos da vida. Os alunos da escola estadual expressaram discurso com maior ancoragem em explicações religiosas, a escola apresentava menor carga horária e bem menor variedade de experiências de aprendizagem relacionadas à teoria evolutiva. Esses alunos tinham sua religião como referência importante na construção de sua visão do tema, sendo a escola menos lembrada. Embora ambos os grupos investigados tenham em seu perfil cultural a presença de crenças religiosas, os resultados apontam para a presença da qualidade de ensino da escola como determinante da compreensão e aceitação das explicações cientificas pelos estudantes.
Makna Selendang Mudawaroh (Sulaman Kelengkang) Bagi Masyarakat Bandar Palembang, Sumatera Selatan, Indonesia
Authors: Rahmawati Ellya , Sukimi Mohamad Fauzi , Chan Kim Ling @ Geraldine
Published: February 2023

Selendang Mudawaroh merupakan salah satu kelengkapan pakaian adat bagi perempuan Melayu di bandar Palembang, Sumatera Selatan, Indonesia. Kajian ini merupakan usaha untuk memahami rangkaian makna Selendang Mudawaroh bagi masyarakat Palembang dengan menggunakan paradigma interpretivisme simbolik dan metode kualitatif. Kajian ini mendapati bahawa kain selendang Mudawaroh dan corak hiasannya merupakan cara yang digunakan oleh orang Melayu Palembang untuk membawakan konsep nilai kerendahan hati, keagungan, mempertahankan persatuan dan keutuhan, kepatuhan kepada Tuhan, ketelusan dan kejujuran, persaudaraan, tertib, rukun, pantang menyerah, menjaga nama baik, menjaga kedamaian, kekayaan dan kemakmuran, konsep manusia, stratifikasi sosial serta konsep identiti Melayu.
« Bon pays de France ». Enjeu national et joutes poétiques sous le règne de François Ier
Authors: Mueggler Nina
Published: February 2023

Le règne de François Ier, poète et musagète, marque une étape cruciale dans la constitution de la nation française. Autour de lui, se déploie une vive sociabilité qui agit comme véritable moteur de la création, dont témoigne une prolifération de concours et de querelles poétiques. L’hypothèse qui fonde le centre de cette enquête est que ces joutes, tantôt ludiques, tantôt virulentes, s’inscrivent au cœur de la définition de la nation et qu’elles contribuent à en dessiner les contours. L’enjeu national permet d’explorer la façon dont les acteurs du livre, de l’auteur au libraire, négocient les différentes composantes de cette France inchoative – roi, institutions, langues, religion, géographie, origines, hiérarchie sociale – pour en imposer leurs propres définitions. L’articulation des trajectoires individuelles et collectives révèle de complexes stratégies socio-poétiques qui font émerger des valeurs nationales (telles que la grâce, la fidélité, l’unité ou la liberté) dans cette France en pleine mutation.
TEFSİRLERDEKİ ANLAMI BAĞLAMINDA İSTİÂZE ve ONA MÜRADİF İFADELERE DAİR BİR DEĞERLENDİRME
Authors: ÇİÇEK Hacı
Published: February 2023

Kur’an, Allah’ın, insanlığa evrensel bağlamda gönderdiği en son kitaptır. Gerek yerel gerekse küresel tarafsız şirketler tarafından yapılan anket ve istatistiklere göre dünyada en çok okunup incelenen, hakkında yorumlar yapılan kutsal metinlerin başında Kur’ân gelmektedir. Allah, kişinin Kur’ân okuyacağı esnada kovulmuş şeytanın şerrinden kendisine sığınılmasını emretmiştir (Nahl, 16/98). Kur’ân ve tefsir literatüründe bu kavrama “istiâze” denmiştir. Şeytan, her zaman ve mekânda insanların zihnini bulandırmaya çalıştığı gibi özellikle Müslümanın hayatına şekil verecek olan Kur’ân’ı okuma sürecinde de aynı işlevini icra edecektir. Onun işlevi, bazen okuyan kimsenin okuduğunu üstün körü geçme, bazen hayatında uygulamama, bazen de Kur’ân’a mesafeli durmasına yönelik olabilir. Bu nedenle henüz yolun başında iken Kur’ân okuyan kimsenin bütün olası yanlışlıklara girmemesi için istiâzede bulunması tavsiye edilmiştir. İstiâze, bir bakıma girilen yolun start noktasında tarafın seçilmesidir. Başka bir ifadeyle istiâze, şeytandan ve onun muhtemel saptırmalarından uzak durmanın ve her şeye gücü yeten Yüce Allah’ın himayesine girmenin ilanıdır. Nitekim şeytanın şerrinden Allah’ın korumasına sığınan kimselerin üzerinde şeytanın hiçbir egemenliği olmayacaktır (Nahl, 16/99). Şeytanın egemenliği, sadece onu dost edinen, onun yanından uzaklaşmayan ve Allah’ın korumasını kabul etmeyenler üzerindedir (Nahl, 16/100). Kur’ân, aynı zamanda duayı, kişinin değerine bir ölçü yapmıştır. Dua etmeyenin, Allah’ın katında hiçbir değerinin olmayacağını bildirmiştir (Furkân, 25/77). Bu çalışmada duaların en önemlilerinden biri sayılan istiâze’nin sözcük ve terim anlamları, istiâze sözcüğüne eşanlamlı kavramlar, öteden beri bilinen istiâze ibaresinin dışında dile getirilen bazı dualar ele alınmış, onların sosyal ve kültürel hayattaki etkileri analitik bir formatta değerlendirilmiştir.
PENGARUH GAYA KEPEMIMPINAN OTORITER, DEMOKRASI DAN KEDISPLINAN TERHADAP KINERJA PEGAWAI PADA BADAN PUSAT STATISTIK KABUPATEN PIDIE
Authors: Abdullah Husaini , Arjuniadi Arjuniadi , Kusma Aila
Published: February 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui “Pengaruh Gaya Kepemimpinan Otoriter, Gaya Kepemimpinan Demokrasi dan Kedisiplinan terhadap Kinerja Pegawai Badan Pusat Statistik Kabupaten Pidie”. Dimana variabel independen yaitu Gaya Kepemimpinan Otoriter (X1), Gaya Kepemimpinan Demokrasi (X2) dan Kedisiplinan (X3), dan Kinerja Pegawai (Y) sebagai variabel dependennya. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah pegawai yang bekerja pada Badan Pusat Statistik kabupaten Pidie yang mana jumlahnya 34 Pegawai. Seluruh populasi dalam penelitian ini diambil sebagai Sampel dengan menggunakan teknik Convinience Sampling. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, diperoleh persamaan regresi: Y = 3.529 + 0,316 X1  + 0,236 X2 + 0,364 X3. Berdasarkan hasil analisis di atas dapat disimpulkan bahwa dari kedua variabel yang diteliti, ternyata variabel Kedisiplinan (X3)  mempunyai pengaruh yang paling dominan sebesar 36,4 % terhadap Kinerja (Y) Pegawai di Badan Pusat Statistik Kabupaten Pidie. Hubungan antara variabel dependen dan independen yaitu masing-masing variabel Gaya Kepemimpinan Otoriter (X1), Gaya Kepemimpinan Demokrasi (X2) dan Kedisiplinan (X3), terhadap Kinerja (Y) Pegawai di Badan Pusat Statistik Kabupaten Pidie dengan indeks korelasi sebesar 98,5 % Ini berarti hubungan tersebut sangat kuat.
DAMPAK TEKANAN KERJA DAN KELETIHAN KERJA TERHADAP KINERJA PEGAWAI PADA DINAS PENDIDIKAN DAN KEBUDAYAAN KABUPATEN PIDIE
Authors: Boihaki Boihaki , Yanti Desi Rahma , Zila Nora
Published: February 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk “Dampak Tekanan kerja Dan Keletihan kerja Terhadap Kinerja pegawai pegawai pada Dinas Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan Kabupaten Pidie”. Dimana variabel independen yaitu Tekanan kerja (X1) dan Keletihan kerja (X2) dan Kinerja pegawai (Y) sebagai variabel dependennya. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah pegawai yang bekerja pada Dinas Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan Kabupaten Pidie yang mana jumlahnya 90 orang. Sampel dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 90 responden. Data dikumpulkan dengan menggunakan metode survei melalui kuesioner yang diisi oleh responden. Kemudian data yang diperoleh dianalisis dengan menggunakan analisis regresi berganda. Analisis ini meliputi Uji Validitas, Uji Reliabilitas, Analisis Regresi berganda Uji Asumsi Klasik, Uji Hipotesis melalui Uji F dan Uji t, serta analisis Koefisien Determinasi (R²). Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, diperoleh persamaan regresi:Y = 2.938 + 0.524 X1 + 0.333 X2. Hasil analisis dapat disimpulkan bahwa dari kedua variabel yang diteliti, ternyata variabel tekanan kerja (X1) mempunyai pengaruh yang paling dominan sebesar 52,4% terhadap kinerja pegawai pada Dinas Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan Kabupaten Pidie. Hubungan antara variabel dependen dan independen yaitu masing-masing variabel Tekanan kerja (X1), Keletihan kerja (X2) terhadap Kinerja pegawai pada Dinas Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan Kabupaten Pidie dengan indeks korelasi sebesar 86.7% Ini berarti hubungan tersebut sangat kuat. Variabel independen Tekanan kerja (X1) dan Keletihan kerja (X2) berkontribusi terhadap varibel dependen yaitu Kinerja pegawai (Y) sebesar 75.2%, ini berarti kedua variabel berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap kinerja pegawai pada Dinas Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan Kabupaten Pidie, dan sebesar 26.8% yang dipengaruhi oleh variabel lain yang tidak diteliti dalam penelitian ini.
Gevolgen van DES-blootstelling bij moeders en hun nakomelingen: een opinie ten aanzien van screening op basis van gekende literatuur
Authors: Rombaut J. , Coryn N. , Salihi R. , Tummers P.
Published: February 2023

Diethylstilbestrol exposure of mothers and their offspring: after the disillusion, a well-grounded recommended screening program

Diethylstilbestrol (DES) is a synthetic estrogen, developed in 1938 and until 1978 prescribed to pregnant women in the prevention of miscarriages. Nowadays, DES is considered as a transplacental teratogenic and carcinogenic medicine associated with cancer, infertility, pregnancy complications and early menopause. In this article, the effects of DES exposure during pregnancy on mothers and their offspring are described and a screening is recommended.

A literature study on the harmful effects of DES exposure during pregnancy was performed.

DES mothers show a moderately increased risk of breast cancer. DES daughters have an elevated relative risk of 12 adverse events, such as anomalies of the reproductive system, infertility, adverse pregnancy outcomes, cervical dysplasia, and vaginal and cervical clear-cell adenocarcinoma. DES sons show a higher prevalence of urogenital malformations. DES might have an intergenerational influence on the third generation, but studies are still limited and ongoing.

DES mothers should perform the standard breast cancer screening every 2 years, even after the age of 69. DES daughters should perform a yearly gynecological exam with cervical and vaginal cytology, as well as a clinical breast exam, supplemented with a mammography every 2 years, even after the age of 69. For DES sons, there is no standard screening. DES grandchildren need to follow the standard screening recommendations.

The consequences of the use of DES in pregnancy are intergenerational. A screening should be performed, and increased vigilance and further reporting of health problems are necessary.
The Implementation of Fuzzy Logic Algorithm In Android-Based Typhoid Fever Diagnostic Application
Authors: Suryani Suryani , Ahyuna Ahyuna , Magfirah Magfirah , Oktavianus Michael , Marlina Erni , Syam Asrul , Faizal Faizal
Published: February 2023

Typhoid fever is an infectious disease that causes death in Indonesia. This endemic disease has a high incidence rate and is a health problem related to the environment and sanitation. Problems due to limited time to consult directly with specialist doctors, it is not easy to consult with doctors at any time, and limited medical knowledge and experience, so it is difficult for the community to know and make an early diagnosis of the disease with symptoms of typhoid fever. This study created an Android-based application using a fuzzy logic algorithm for diagnosing typhoid fever. The application was built by adopting expert knowledge related to general and clinical symptoms that are often experienced by patients with typhoid fever, and data on the level of typhoid disease. Data collection was carried out through direct observation at the hospital and direct interviews with doctors. The data was processed to produce output in the form of diagnostic results and solution data recommended by the system. The application consists of 3 user levels, namely Admin who can process user data, Users who can diagnose their disease by inputting answers to questions in the application, and Experts who can process symptom data, disease level, and solution data. The research results are in the form of an application that can be used anytime as an alternative consultant that helps the community in diagnosing typhoid fever with output in the form of diagnostic results (negative typhoid, positive typhoid, or strong positive typhoid).
Acclimatization of Tropical Palm Species Associated with Leaf Morpho-Physiological Traits to the Understorey Environment of Hevea Rubber Farms
Authors: Ni Zaw Zar , Musigapong Piyanut , Chiarawipa Rawee , Pechkeo Surachart , Chantanaorrapint Amonrat
Published: February 2023

Hevea rubber farm is viable for agroforestry systems since its canopy lessens extreme weather conditions and contributes to the adaptation of shade-tolerant plants. However, some limitations in the availability of soil water and shades vary with the age of rubber trees and affect the understorey plants’ acclimatization. Tropical palms are potentially associated plants for the rubber-based agroforestry systems because they are rainforest species adaptable to understorey environments. Two rubber farms, ages 12 and 25 years, intercropped with tropical palms were selected to investigate the acclimatization of the palms to the seasonal abiotic variations in the mature rubber farms. The studied palm species were Chrysalidocarpus lutescens and Rhapis excelsa in the 12-year-old rubber farm and Livistona speciosa and Licuala spinosa in the 25-year-old rubber farm, respectively. Leaf area, stomatal conductance, photosynthesis pigments, and leaf nitrogen content were identified as the palms’ morpho-physiological traits. The 12-year-old rubber farm had a marked soil water deficit in all soil depths at the beginning of the rainy season, reaching around 200 kPa at the 80 cm soil depth, while the 25-year-old rubber farm received greater light transmissions, ranging between 37 and 46% in the late dry season. All palms adjusted leaf area to balance the photosynthetic capacity. The Rhapis palm had greater acclimatization with significant responses of stomatal conductance. Other than the Licuala palm, all palms exhibited the allocation of chlorophyll pigments and nitrogen content significantly in their leaves in response to the different intensities of abiotic stresses in the understorey of the rubber farms.
Diversity, Abundance, and Distribution of Macroalgae in Coastal Ecotourism Areas — A Case Study at Baluran National Park, Situbondo, Indonesia
Authors: Aprilia Dinda Henes , Santanumurti Muhammad Browijoyo , T. Jamal Mamdoh , Dewi Masithah Endang , Suciyono Suciyono
Published: February 2023

Indonesia is a mega biodiversity country with abundant macroalgae. The macroalgae are distributed along the coast and function to maintain the balance of the coastal marine ecosystem, including in Bama Beach, Baluran National Park, Situbondo, Indonesia. This study was to determine the abundance, distribution, and diversity of macroalgae in Bama Beach Baluran National Park, East Java, between April 2019 and June 2019. The research was conducted with a purposive sampling method at two stations, each consisting of five substations using transect blocks. Five species of macroalgae from the Phaeophyceae class (Padina australis, Sargassum aquifolium, Polycladia myrica, Eucheuma edule, and Dictyota pinnatifida), a Rhodophyta (Jania pumila), and Chlorophyta (Halimeda macroloba) were found in the study site. Padina australis was a species that had the highest abundance and dominated the observation station. Nonetheless, according to the Shannon-Weaver Index in the study area, overall macroalgae diversity was classified as a low category with a value of 0.35. The high availability of nutrients influences these conditions in ecosystems with the domination of Padina australis, followed by Sargassum aquifolium at Station I and II.
VlseKriterijumska Optimizacija I Kompromisno Resenj (VIKOR) Method: MCDM Approach for the Medical Diagnosis of Vector-Borne Diseases
Authors: Kumar Vijay
Published: February 2023

In dealing with the medical decision-making with uncertainty, clinical diagnosis of diseases is very difficult without the interventionof domain experts. In this work, an approach has been developed that provides handheld support to the medical practitioners for the medical diagnosis of diseases. With the assistance of the three domain experts of Delhi-based Government hospital, linguistic information of four patients has been collected under intuitionistic fuzzy environment. VlseKriterijumska Optimizacija I Kompromisno Resenj method, a multi-criteria decision-making technique, is utilized to rank the diseases among the patients. It seems that the conclusive outcomes of the investigation are same as diagnosed by medical specialists.
 
Received: 27 October 2022 | Revised: 17 January 2023 | Accepted: 29 January 2023
 
Conflicts of Interest
The author declares that he has no conflicts of interest to this work.
 
Data Availability Statement
Data sharing is not applicable to this article as no new data were created or analyzed in this study.
Smart Helmet for Coal Mining
Authors: Prof. Yogesh Mali  , Nilay Sawant  , Suhas Patil  , Sonali Kumari  , Sonali Kumari
Published: February 2023

The Coal Mining Helmet designed on this paper aims to offer protection to miners through alerting them. All the elements may be referred to only if the person is carrying the helmet. The output from the helmet module continues updating every instance i.e., actual time information is been updated to the cloud. These wearable gadgets get to share their information or retrieve the information thru different source through using internet of things (IOT). Alerts are sent to the miner and the supervisor if any hazard is detected. Ubiquitous computing and wearable computer systems have contributed extremely to the evolution of wearable gadgets. Thus, this wearable device consists of the diverse sensors, alerting mechanism and communication system to broaden and enhance protection of the miner. The hardware incorporates of information collection, data processing and data communication sections. Sensors employed a) Temperature and humidity sensor (DHT11): In mines, the extent of temperature and humidity will become excessive at instances and prove to be fatal to the miner. The liberation of those gases should result in respiratory trouble to the person within the mines and could result in choking. If one or extra of these portions exceed the threshold limit, an alert is sent to the miner as well as the base Authorizer. The data collection or measuring of the parameters is achieved using WSN technology. WSN technology is a network of sensors, in which each of the sensors has unique parameters to sense but carry out collectively as part of the system. The level of temperature and humidity is understood to the miner through showing it on an OLED (Organic LED) and for the gas a threshold is set and a buzzer alert is given if it's far past the threshold.
Primary headache in academics: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Silva Lindair Alves da , Carneiro Ana Lúcia Basilio , Alves Lincoln Basilio , Ramos Semírames Cartonilho de Souza , Silva Iago José Lopes da , Brasil Arthur Willian de Lima , Sallem Flávio Augusto Sekeff
Published: February 2023

Headache is a frequent, long-standing and universal neurological disorder with high prevalence worldwide.
ObjectiveTo verify the prevalence of headache and self-medication among healthcare academics.
MethodsThis was a cross-sectional, descriptive and quantitative study, carried out with 165 healthcare academics. A questionnaire was used as a methodological instrument to collect data.
ResultsThe academics were mostly female, aged between 18 and 54 years, from the State of Paraiba and single. The lifetime prevalence of headaches was 98.2%. Most volunteers (62.4%) have a probable diagnosis of primary headache. Of these, the most prevalent was migraine, especially with aura, and tension-type headache (TTH). Of the group under analysis, the majority have not had consultations because of the pain and therefore have no medical diagnosis and no treatment. Some treated the pain only in a crisis. Of these, most practiced self-medication, mainly with dipyrone and paracetamol.Stress, worry and sleep deprivation were the most cited factors among those that usually cause pain.
ConclusionClarifications, preventive measures, correct diagnosis and appropriate treatment can reduce the emotional, socioeconomic and academic losses of this frequent neurological complaint among students.
Dialysis headache: prevalence and clinical presentation in hemodialysis and kidney transplant patients
Authors: Gomes Bruno Teixeira , Costa Alberto Luis Gomes da , Mazzali Marilda
Published: February 2023

Introduction
Headache is a common symptom among hemodialysis patients, with a prevalence around 70%. Dialysis headache is defined according to International Classification of Headache Disorders (ICHD-3) as a headache without specific characteristics, occurring during and caused by hemodialysis that spontaneously disappears within 72 hours after the dialysis session. There is no consensus on trigger factors or physiopathology.
Objective
To evaluate prevalence, clinical characteristics, and associated factors with dialysis headache.
Methods
Observational study with quantitative analysis. Study patients were divided into two groups: (HD) 25 hemodialysis patients and (Tx) 25 early post kidney transplant patients. A structured questionnaire was applied to all patients, including Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and Epworth Sleepiness Scale. Laboratory data, blood pressure and body weight were analyzed before and after one dialysis session. Results: In group HD, eight patients (32%) had diagnosis of dialysis headache, with pulsating headache (n=6, 75%), photophobia (n=6, 75%), phonophobia (n=4, 50%), and nauseas or vomiting (n=6, 75%), with a mean pain score of 7.75 ± 1.58. Headache group had higher scores of anxieties (7.00 ± 3.93 vs. 3.82 ± 3.23, p=0.03) and sleepiness (9.13 ± 3.94 vs. 4.76 ± 3.85, p=0.01), lower levels of serum calcium (p=0.01), and higher systolic (p=0.02) and diastolic (p=0.02) blood pressure pre dialysis. In group Tx, five patients (20%) reported dialysis headache, with pulsating headache (n=4, 80%), nauseas or vomiting (n=4, 80%), with a mean pain score of 8.0 ± 1.41. Headache group had a higher score of sleepiness (9.20 ± 4.32 vs. 4.80 ± 4.51, p=0.029) and were younger (38.93 ± 14.43 vs. 54.02 ± 8.31, p=0.03).
Conclusion
Headache is frequent among hemodialysis patients and had similar symptoms of migraine. In this series dialysis headache was associated with higher scores of anxieties and sleepiness, higher blood pressure and lower calcium pre dialysis.
Knowledge of the medical resident about diagnosis and treatment of patients with headache
Authors: Orsi Sophia , Melhado Eliana Meire , Zambelli Bárbara Aparecida Klafke , Paternost Beatriz Andrade , Farina José Henrique Fetti , Ferreira Sarah Gavião , Albuquerque Tarso Vieira Cavalcanti
Published: February 2023

Introduction
Considering the high prevalence of headache, it is necessary a study about the effectiveness of the care of patients with headache by medical resident in Emergency Care Units (EDU) and medical outpatient clinics.
Objective
The objective of this study was to analyze the effectiveness of care in EDUs, outpatient clinics and medical wards and the management of patients with headache complaints.
Method
The study was observational descriptive (cross-sectional cohort) through the application of an online questionnaire answered by the medical residents.
Results
There were 115 residents who answered the survey. In the group of residents who see patients with headache (n=95) the number of visits was 4.87 per week. The resident's idea is that headaches are symptoms of an underlying disease in 49.5% of them. On the question about feeling able to differentiate primary from secondary headaches, 50% of the residents said yes. On the question, "Is Migraine the same as Headache?" 6.1% answered yes. On the question, "Would you use morphine derivatives to treat headache?" 19.1% of the residents answered that they would. On the question about having knowledge about the harms of using morphine derivatives in headache, 60% answered that they did not have in-depth knowledge or that they have no knowledge. In this sample of residents, 74/115 (65%) suffer from headache. Only 36/115 (31%) of the residents sought care because of the headache. Of the residents, 3/115 (2.6%) have chronic daily headache. In the question about knowing what is "chronic daily headache" and from medication overuse, about 35% do not know or did not delve into the concept.
Conclusion
We conclude that there is a lack of teaching about types of headaches, criteria for diagnosis and treatment. Urgent modifications should be made in the medical course to enable newly graduated doctors to diagnose and treat patients with headache.
From the curves of Santos Road to the world: A tribute to Yara Dadalti Fragoso
Authors: Sousa-Santos Patrick Emanuell Mesquita , Silva-Néto Raimundo Pereira
Published: February 2023

Medical history -  A tribute to Yara Dadalti Fragoso
Garnet composition from the Reflejos de Mar LCT-pegmatite, Ancasti district, Argentina and its implication for exploration of primary deposits of lithium
Authors: Sardi Fernando Guillermo , Boscato Gomes Márcia Elisa , Marangone Silvana Elizabeth
Published: February 2023

The Reflejos de Mar Li-pegmatite, located in northwestern Argentina, is part of the Villismán pegmatite group, Ancasti District, Pampean Pegmatite Province. Four garnet crystals from the outermost part of the pegmatite were analyzed by major and minor elements (SiO2, TiO2, Al2O3, Cr2O3, MgO, CaO, MnO, FeO) using electron microprobe. The pegmatite belongs to the rare-element class, spodumene type, LCT (Li-Cs-Ta) petrogenetic family. Based on their Mn and Fe contents, the analyzed garnet can be assigned to the spessartine-almandine serie. The cores and rims of the analyzed garnets show significant differences for the divalent components in VIII-coordination, especially, Mn and Fe. The average MnO and FeO contents in the cores of the grains is 34.6 and 8.29 wt%, respectively, while in the rims is 29.31 and 12.95 wt%, respectively. The Fe/Mn ratio at the core of the grains is 0.24 while at the rims it is 0.44. Cr2O3 and TiO2 contents are very low (˂0.17 wt%) and the values of SiO2 and Al2O3 are ~36 and ~21 wt%, respectively. The mean chemical and molecular formulas of the core can be expressed: [(Mn2.40 Fe0.57 Ca0.02 Mg0.02)3.01 (Al1.99 Cr0.002)2.00 (Si2.99 Ti0.01)3.00 O12]; {Sps79.8 Alm18.9 Grs0.7 Prp0.5}; and the rim as: [(Mn2.04 Fe0.89 Ca0.05 Mg0.04)3.02 (Al2.00 Cr0.002)2.00 (Si2.98 Ti0.005)3.00 O12]; {Sps67.6 Alm29.5 Grs1.6 Prp1.3}. The chemical composition of garnet from the Reflejos de Mar pegmatite is similar to other worldwide examples in similar rocks, especially LCT pegmatites, which are highly evolved and associated with Li mineralization. Therefore, its composition could be used as an additional tool in the exploration of Li-bearing pegmatites in the Pampean Pegmatite Province. The differences in Fe-Mn contents between core and rim of the crystals would be controlled by variations in composition of the pegmatitic melt and, in addition, by the simultaneous precipitation of other mineral phases, for example, schorl and Mn-Fe-bearing phosphates.
Revisión de la Formación La Veteada en su estratotipo (La Rioja, Argentina): edad, estratigrafía y significado paleoambiental
Authors: Limarino Carlos Oscar , Scarlatta Leonardo R. , Ciccioli Patricia L. , Miyno Sabrina , Bello Fanny , Césari Silvia N.
Published: February 2023

The La Veteada Formation, in the Sierra de Famatina (west of Argentina), is one of the few records of Early Triassic age in South America verified by isotopic age and palynological assemblages. This unit is composed of sandstones, mudstones, shales, limestones, and marls, with some levels of gypsum, chert, and tuff levels. In its stratotype, the La Veteada Formation rests on Late Permian red beds of the Talampaya Formation and is covered by Neogene breccias and conglomerates belonging to the Del Crestón Formation. The unit is divided into three associations of sedimentary facies. Facies association A (80 m thick) is a red bed succession composed of mudstone and fine-grained sandstone, together with some levels of chert and gypsum. Facies association B (58 m thick) is greenish-gray to yellowish-gray and comprises limestones, marls, shales, and fine- to coarse-grained sandstones. This facies includes stromatolites and several levels of shales and marls where rich palynological assemblages were recovered. Finally, facies association C (24 m thick) is made up of yellowish-gray marls, mudstones, and sandstones. In this section, stromatolites are missing, thin levels of gypsum appear, and evidence of subaerial exposition as mud cracks and raindrop imprints are frequent at the top of the facies. The lithology, sedimentary structures, and vertical stacking of facies suggest that the La Veteada Formation was deposited in a lacustrine environment, which evolved from a shallow ephemeral playa lake system (facies association A) to a perennial lake, in which carbonate production increased compared to clastic sedimentation (facies association B). Regarding the facies association C, the increase in clastic supply, the missing stromatolites, and the presence of gypsum levels suggest a progressive shallowing of the lake and the likely transition to a palustrine environment. The Early Triassic age of the La Veteada Formation is indicated from two different lines of research. Firstly, a zircon U-Pb age of 249.66±0.11 Ma obtained from a tuff level at the middle part of the facies association A. Secondly, the presence of palynological species identified in other Early Triassic units worldwide. The La Veteada Formation records the filling of the embryonic extensional basins formed at the earliest Triassic. Moreover, this unit shows the evolution of depositional environments after the late Permian massive extinction event.
Analisis usaha kerupuk cap udang (studi kasus usaha kerupuk bapak Iskandar di Desa Sampo Ajad Kecamatan Jeunieb Kabupaten Bireuen)
Authors: Azmi Said , Nur T M
Published: February 2023

Penelitian ini dilakukan di Desa Sampo Ajad Kecamatan Jeunieb Kabupaten Bireuen pada bulan Juli 2018. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kelayakan usaha kerupuk cap udang di Desa Sampo Ajad Kecamatan Jeunieb Kabupaten Bireuen. Metode analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah dengan menggunakan rumus analisis biaya, penerimaan, keuntungan, Break Even Point (BEP), Revenue Cost Ratio (R/C) dan Benefit Cost Ratio (B/C). Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dan analisis yang telah dilakukan, diketahui bahwa agroindustri kerupuk cap udang Bapak Iskandar di Desa Sampo Ajad Kecamatan Jeunieb Kabupaten Bireuen menguntungkan, dengan total keuntungan adalah sebesar Rp. 37.895.694,-/bulan. Dari perhitungan nilai BEP, R/C dan B/C dapat disimpulkan bahwa agroindustri kerupuk cap udang di Desa Sampo Ajad Kecamatan Jeunieb Kabupaten Bireuen layak untuk diusahakan.

Kata Kunci: Analisis Kelayakan, Agroindustri Kerupuk Cap Udang.