bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Investigation of the Effect of Plasticizer Additive Ratio on the Abrasion Resistance of Concretes
Authors: DÜNDAR Behcet , ÇINAR Emriye , KAPLAN Cebrail
Published: January 2022

In today's technology, there are various chemical additives that shape the fresh or hardened properties of concrete. Chemical additives can be added alone or by using several additives together in order to obtain the desired concrete properties. Usage dosages are chosen in such a way that they can meet the desired performance criteria and at the same time do not impair the fresh and hardened qualities of the concrete. In this study, physical, mechanical and durability properties of concretes produced by using chemical additives in different proportions were investigated. In the production of concrete samples, the water / cement ratio and cement amount were kept constant at 0.5 and 350 kg / m3, respectively. 0-4mm grain size crushed sand and 4-16 mm grain size aggregate are used as aggregate. The plasticizer used as a chemical additive was added at the rate of 0.5%, 1%, 1.5% and 2% depending on the amount of cement. Concrete samples of 150x150x150 mm for compressive strength, archimedes weighing and 71x71x71 mm for abrasion tests were produced for use in experimental studies. After the concrete samples have been removed from the mold, they have been cured in the standard curing pool at a temperature of 20 ± 2 ° C for 7 and 28 days. Concrete samples have been subjected to archimedes, capillary water absorption, ultrasound transition rate, boh (wear), schmidt and compressive strength tests. The compressive strength of 7 and 28 days old concrete samples was determined. Physical properties such as water absorption percentage, porosity, unit weight, ultrasound transition rate, and weight losses in the wear test were measured only for samples of 28 days. The values with the lowest water absorption and porosity percentages were seen in the sample containing 1% plasticizer additive as 3,18% and 9,32% respectively. Ultrases transition velocity, schmidt test hammer and the highest compressive strength values were observed in the 28-day sample containing 1% plasticizer additive as 4901 m/s, 26.1 and 57,14 MPa, respectively. With the increase of the chemical additive ratio, weight losses due to wear have decreased.
FREQUENCY OF COMMON FACTORS INFLUENCING THE GRAFT UPTAKE IN MYRINGOPLASTY AMONG THE TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL KPK
Authors: Khan Azam , Orakzai Khalil Ahmed , Noor Allah , Khan Usman , Khan Sohail , Ullah Mubassir , Ullah Ubaid , Tanveer Tanveer
Published: January 2022

Introduction: Tympanoplasty refers to any operation involving reconstruction of the tympanic membrane and /or the ossicular chain. Myringoplasty is a tympanoplasty without ossicular reconstruction. Over the years many methods have been used for closing perforations. Myringoplasty was introduced by Berthold in 1878 but the modern era began only in 1950s with the work of Wullstein and Zoellner. The study aims to analyse the common factors which are predictive of success of myringoplasty in adult patients and to construct and validate a prognostic index that could be used as tool to predict the success of myringoplasty in adults.

Objectives: To determine the frequency of common factors influencing the graft uptake in myringoplasty.

Materials and Method: In this study, a total sample size was 376, using 4.08% proportion of fourth degree perineal tear, 95% confidence level and 2% margin of error under WHO software for sample size determination. Moreover, consecutive non probability sampling technique was used.

Results: The mean age was 40 years with standard deviation of ± 2.63.  Sixty two percent of the patients were male while thirty eight percent patients were female. The success rate of myringoplasty was 90% while the failure rate was 15(10%) patients in which 4(25%) patients had medium perforation, 5(33%) patients had large perforation while 6(42%) patients had subtotal perforation. Regarding the causes of perforation among 15(10%) patients, 13(85%) patients had infection while only 2 patients had trauma.

Conclusion: The study concludes that infection (85%) was the most common cause of perforation followed by trauma (15%) in the graft uptake in myringoplasty.
SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH AND ITS ROLE IN DEVELOPING THE SKILLS OF FACULTY ‎MEMBERS IN THE LIGHT OF QUALITY STANDARDS AND PERFORMANCE ‎EVALUATION AT THE UNIVERSITY OF TRIPOLI
Authors: MANSOUR Abdegadir Emhammed Salih
Published: January 2022

Scientific research eventually considered as one of the most important functions and ‎tasks undertaken by the university, and it is a balancing function to the function of ‎education. Thus, universities have become concerned in the process of discovering, ‎transferring and developing knowledge, and that their role is not limited to ‎preparing specialized educates needed by the labor market. Scientific research also ‎contributed to activating the role of The university in developing and serving ‎communities, which imposed on the university to undertake a new mission that led ‎to the necessity of linking the university with the community, and therefore the ‎functions of the university steadily developed. Development, and therefore the ‎university is entrusted with integrated tasks and functions that it performs through ‎its specialized colleges and scientific centers.‎ University institutions have great significance in carrying out scientific research and ‎development, transferring knowledge and technology to a variety of fields and ‎activities of society, where scientific research contributes to adapting and keeping ‎pace with global changes and challenges in the long and near term. We found that ‎developed countries follow in this field many means, including provision of services ‎Education, training for the community, and encouraging universities to carry out ‎scientific research, and also development through their faculty promotion system. ‎The topic of scientific research and its role in developing the skills of faculty ‎members is among the topics that are of great significance at all local and ‎international levels, where university education faces in This era of scientific and ‎technological changes and developments, compulsory on universities to develop and ‎modernize their educational system by paying attention to scientific research, so that ‎they could have constructive possessions in improving the stage of students, in their ‎scientific construction, and forming their characters.
EXPLORING THE IMPORTANCE OF PLURILINGUAL COMPETENCE IN THE PRE-SERVICE TEACHER TRAINING: A CASE STUDY OF TEACHER TRAINING COLLEGES OF ALGERIA
Authors: BENZERROUG Souhila , BENZERROUG Samah
Published: January 2022

The present research paper highlights the importance of plurilingual competence to language education in pre-service teacher training at the Teacher Training College of Bouzareah-Algeria-. The study is designed to gain insight into the development of pluringual competence in the pre-service program that is addressed to the students of the departments of French and English. It aims at enhancing the teaching and learning of foreign languages in order to meet the universal requirements related to interculturality and plurilingualism.To achieve the above mentioned aims, the researchers interviewed ENSB teacher trainers to investigate their perceptions towards the teaching of that competence. A qualitative method was then employed by using a semi-structured interview with university teachers of Didactics and Language Studies in order to identify the extent of interest that is assigned to the development of plurilingual competence in the teaching practices as well as the syllabus content‎.
ROLE OF THE BUDGET IN RAISING THE EFFICIENCY OF FINANCIAL ‎ PERFORMANCE IN THE DIRECTORATE OF EDUCATION IN THE NORTHERN ‎GOVERNORATES
Authors: ASHOUR Wafaa Mohammad , ZATARA Narmeen Ismat
Published: January 2022

The study aimed to identify the role of the budget in raising the efficiency of financial ‎performance in the Directorate of Education in the northern governorates. The two ‎researchers used: qualitative research.‎ The interview tool was adopted: it consisted of (3) main themes. The first axis: about ‎budget preparation and included (8) questions. The second axis: about the implementation ‎of the budget, and included (7) questions. The third axis: about the relationship between ‎the budget and the efficiency of financial performance. The interview questions included ‎open questions and closed questions.‎ The study population is made up of members of the Finance Committee and is responsible ‎for the budget preparation process. They number (68) in the second semester of the ‎academic year 2020-2021. The sample size is (19) by 28%. The most important results are: ‎ o The budget plays a major role in raising the efficiency of financial performance, as ‎it is one of the activities planning tools, as the revenue amounts are distributed ‎among the budget items.‎ o The budget has a role in raising the efficiency of financial performance in the ‎education directorates through its oversight role on performance.‎ Recommendations: ‎ o Increasing the powers of education directorates in the budget preparation process ‎by the Ministry of Education in order to achieve a higher level of flexibility in it to ‎meet the needs within the priorities.‎ o Conducting training courses on budget preparation, implementation, and follow-‎up by the Ministry of Education in cooperation with the Ministry of Finance, and ‎not to be limited to department heads only, but extend to all employees in the ‎directorate's departments and those willing and qualified to prepare budgets‎.
CONCIALIATION AS AN ALTERNATIVE MECHANISM ‎FOR SETTLING ADMINISTRATIVE DISPUTES ‎
Authors: BOUKHAROUBA Keltoum
Published: January 2022

The administration issues unilateral administrative decisions, which makes it the strong party, ‎ensuring its independence from the administrative judiciary by not interfering in its affairs as ‎it is a public authority‏.‏ Perhaps the best thing that the legislator did was when he approved, alongside the ‎administrative judiciary sector, alternative mechanisms for resolving the dispute amicably in ‎the Civil and Administrative Procedures Law, since the administrative judiciary costs them ‎many and costly difficulties, especially the long and complex procedures, and the difficulty of ‎implementing administrative rulings and judicial decisions.‎ These mechanisms for settling administrative disputes are to solve problems amicably between ‎litigants: conciliation, mediation and arbitration.‎ We will discuss the conciliation mechanism, treating it from the angle of the legal position of ‎the administrative judge as an original party‎
Securities Analysis and Portfolio Management of Selected NSE Securities
Authors: Sharma Prof. (Dr) Pramod
Published: January 2022

“Technical Analysis is the study of data generated by the action of markets and by the behaviour and psychology of market participants and observers”: -Constitution of the market technicians Association Technical analysis is a completely different approach to stock market investing- it doesn’t try to find the intrinsic value of a company or try to find whether a share is mispriced or undervalued. "Technical analysis is the study of market action, primarily through the use of charts, for the purpose of forecasting future price trends. “A technical analyst is interested only in the price movements in the market. So, it is all about analysing the demand and supply or a price volume analysis. Technical analysis considers only the actual price behaviour of the market or instrument, based on the premise that price reflects all relevant factors before an investor becomes aware of them through other channels. These stock market indicators would help the investor to identify major market turning points. This paper examines the technical analysis of selected companies which helps to understand the price behaviour of the shares, the signals given by them and to assist investment decisions in the Indian stock Market.
Spectral Emission Mask Shaping for OFDM in Cognitive Radios
Authors: Kale Ms. Swarnita Gorakshnath , G. B. Prof. Kale
Published: January 2022

Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) is characterized by spectral efficiency. It enables flexible and agile spectrum allocation. But still it lags as it suffers from spectral leakage in the form of large side lobes. It leads to inter-channel interference if not handled carefully.in proposed system spectral emission mask system is implemented to combat spectral leakage and ultimately avoiding adjacent channel interference. A spectral mask, also known as a channel mask or transmission mask is a mathematically-defined set of lines applied to the levels of radio (or optical) transmissions. The spectral mask is generally intended to reduce adjacent-channel interference by limiting excessive radiation at frequencies beyond the necessary bandwidth. The proposed system is implemented over MATLAB platform using script language.
An Individualized Algorithm to Predict Mortality in COVID-19 Pneumonia: a Machine Learning Based Study
Authors: Laino Maria Elena , Generali Elena , Tommasini Tobia , Angelotti Giovanni , Aghemo Alessio , Desai Antonio , Morandini Pierandrea , Stefanini Giulio , Lleo Ana , Voza Antonio , Savevski Victor
Published: January 2022

Introduction

Identifying SARS-CoV-2 patients at higher risk of mortality is crucial in the management of a pandemic. Artificial intelligence techniques allow to analyze big amount of data to find hidden patterns. We aimed to develop and validate a mortality score at admission for COVID-19 based on high-level machine learning.

Material and methods

We conducted a retrospective cohort study on hospitalized adults COVID-19 patients between March and December 2020. The primary outcome was in-hospital mortality. A machine learning approach on vital parameters, laboratory values, and demographic features was applied to develop different models. Then, a feature importance analysis was performed to reduce the number of variables included in the model, to develop a risk score with good overall performance, that was finally evaluated in terms of discrimination and calibration capabilities. All results underwent cross-validation.

Results

1,135 consecutive patients (median age 70 years, 64% males) were enrolled, 48 patients were excluded, the cohort was randomly divided in training (760) and test (327). During hospitalization, 251 (22%) patients died. After feature selection, the best performing classifier was random forest (AUC 0.88±0.03). Based on the relative importance of each variable, a pragmatic score was developed, showing good performances (AUC 0.85, ±0.025), and three levels were defined that correlated well with in-hospital mortality.

Conclusions

Machine learning techniques were applied in order to develop an accurate in-hospital mortality risk score for COVID-19 based on ten variables. The application of the proposed score has utility in clinical settings to guide the management and prognostication of COVID-19 patients.
STRATEGI KOMUNIKASI GURU DALAM MEWUJUDKAN AKHLAQ LUHUR SISWA SMK SUNAN KALIJOGO JABUNG MALANG
Authors: Imamatus Sholihah
Published: January 2022

Globalisasi sangat berpengaruh terhadap kehidupan masyarakat Indonesia terlebih lagi anak-anak di masa kini maupun di masa depan, hal ini mengakibatkan krisis moral dan akhlak pada anak. Jauhnya kehidupan anak-anak dari nilai-nilai agama merupakan salah satu dampak nyata perkembangan dan akses global yang demikian deras tanpa adanya filter yang dapat menjadi perekat identitas yang cukup kuat. Fenomena kenakalan remaja dan hal-hal lain yang dapat merusak karakter peserta didik tersebut, memperlihatkan begitu pentingnya pembinaan akhlaq yang dilakukan oleh guru terhadap peserta didik ketika di sekolah. Tujuan utama adalah membentuk generasi muda yang beriman dan bertaqwa kepada Tuhan Yang Maha Esa yaitu memiliki karakter luhur dan membawa kemaslahatan bagi orang lain. Hal ini menggugah semangat peneliti untuk melakukan observasi di SMK Sunan Kalijogo Malang, dengan melihat strategi komunikasi guru-guru SMK terhadap peserta didik dalam mewujudkan akhlaq luhur para peserta didik di sekolah. Dalam penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif, dengan metode pengumpulan data menggunakan observasi, sedangkan obyek penelitiannya adalah guru dan peserta didik SMK Sunan Kalijogo Jabung Malang. Hasil dari analisis penelitian ini ialah penulis mengetahui metode yang diterapkan guru dalam strategi membina akhlak di sekolah, diantaranya; a) Metode dialog atau diskusi, b) Metode teladan, c) Metode pembiasaan, d) Metode Nasehat. Selain itu, terdapat beberapa program keislaman untuk mendukung pembinaan akhlak siswa-siwi SMK Sunan Kalijogo, diantaranya: sholat dhuha dan dzuhur berjamaah yang dilakukan setiap hari, membaca surah Al waqi’ah, sebelum memulai pembelajaran yang dilakukan setiap hari, Praktek pengamalan ibadah (PPI), dan ziarah ke makam pendiri pondok pesantren Sunan Kalijogo Jabung Kyai Nur yang dilakukan setiap hari.
"Lo que no queremos escuchar": Ambivalencias y malentendidos en el psicoanálisis con niños
Authors: Goldiuk Hugo
Published: January 2022

En el campo del psicoanálisis, advertimos que a pesar de la centralidad que se le otorga a la niñez, sólo una escasa minoría de los psicoanalistas solicita formación en psicoanálisis con niños y analiza a niños en forma habitual. Este trabajo reflexiona sobre algunas de las dificultades y ambivalencias que afectan a la actitud y disposición del analista a relacionarse con los niños como sujetos idóneos del psicoanálisis y examina algunos malentendidos conceptuales en torno a la niñez, relacionados con estas ambivalencias. El autor examina tres desafíos, particularmente significativos en la ambivalencia del analista: 1. el deseo de curar al niño, 2. los turbulentos movimientos identificatórios de ida y vuelta que caracterizan al proceso analítico, y 3. el profundo involucramiento del psiquismo del analista y las ansiedades contra-transferenciales a las que se expone. Finalmente, el autor identifica algunos malentendidos y confusiones en relación con los conceptos de niñez, de infantil, de neurosis infantil y también con respecto a la comunicación de los niños con el analista.
Perancangan Sistem Informasi Indeks KAMI
Authors: Burhan Muhammad Burhanur Rizki , Syazili Ahmad
Published: January 2022

”Universitas Bina Darma memiliki aset teknologi informasi, untuk mengelola aset teknologi informasi Universitas Bina Darma menggunakan standar Indeks KAMI, Universitas Bina Darma pernah mengikuti assessment Indeks KAMI oleh BSSN (Badan Siber dan Sandi Negara) dengan hasil yang belum memuaskan. Karena Universitas Bina Darma belum mempersiapkan dokumen-dokumen Indeks KAMI dengan matang, serta belum adanya sistem untuk mengelola dokumen tersebut. Untuk mengelola dokumen Indeks KAMI Universitas Bina Darma masih menggunakan cara manual dan belum menggunakan sistem, sehingga pengelolaan dokumen Indeks KAMI kurang efektif. Dari uraian diatas Universitas Bina Darma membutuhkan sebuah sistem yang dapat mengelola dokumen yang nantinya memudahkan Universitas Bina Darma mengetahui tingkat kesiapan dan kematangan keamanan informasi.”

Kata Kunci : Website Indeks KAMI.
Analisis Penerimaan dan Penggunaan Aplikasi E-LKP UIN Raden Fatah Palembang Menggunakan Model for Mandatory Use of Software Technologies
Authors: Rani Nurdarani , Ruliansyah Ruliansyah , Dalafranka Muhammad Leandry
Published: January 2022

Electronic Employee Performance Sheet (E-LKP) is a website-based application of the State Islamic University of Raden Fatah Palembang used by ASN employees and lecturers with additional tasks with the aim of reporting their performance results. This study aims to determine the acceptance and use of the E-LKP Application (Electronic-Employee Performance Sheet) at UIN Raden Fatah Palembang using the Model for Mandatory Use of Software Technologies (MMUST) and using all variables in MMUST, namely 8 constructs in the form of Information Quality, Information Satisfaction, Social Influence, Performance Expectancy, Attitude, Use, Overall Satisfaction, and Net Benefits. The data in this study were collected using a questionnaire distributed to 186 respondents. The data analysis used is using PLS-SEM with the Smart-PLS version 3.0 tool. The overall results of this study indicate that the acceptance and use of the E-LKP application at UIN Raden Fatah Palembang using the Mandatory Use of Software Technologies (MMUST) Model has an effect of 92.8%. From this percentage, it can be said that the E-LKP application at UIN Raden Fatah Palembang has been accepted and used by users, namely ASN employees and lecturers with additional assignments.
Students’ Output in the Distance Learning in Relation to the Teachers’ Subjectivity in the Times of Pandemic: A Descriptive Study
Authors: Garcia Lemuel – Kim A.
Published: January 2022

The CoViD-19 pandemic has brought change to everything including the landscape of education. It has changed the way how the teachers teach, and the students learn. Due to the different challenges bought by this phenomenon, consideration atop of everything is done including assessment. This study aims to determine the subjectivity of the teachers in assessment in the new normal. This determines whether the challenges in the new normal specifically the channels and forms of assessment influences the teachers’ subjectivity in assessing the students. To achieve this, the study determined the demographic profile, assessment practice, perception on the output of the students in the new normal and their standards in assessment. Mixed method research design was used in the study. It was found that there is relationship between the educational attainment and the teachers’ preference on what to be checked more carefully – hardcopy or softcopy. The teachers’ designation shows that it has a relationship regarding the view on whether to set a maximum and minimum grade limit in assessing the students. Moreover, there is a correlation between the teachers’ perception and their standards in assessment. This study suggests that what the teachers perceive has something to do with their assessment standard. Thus, if they perceive to be more subjective (which the respondents agree as a result of this study) in these times of pandemic, they will be subjective in standardizing their assessment.
Urinary Orosomucoid (α-1-Acid Glycoprotein) As A Single Potential Biomarker Through PET Assay for Diagnosis of Early Onset Sepsis in Neonates: A Review
Authors: Rifa’i Alfiani Zukhruful Fitri , Nabilah Hanifah , Wibowo Idznika Nurannisa , I’tishom Reny
Published: January 2022

Neonatal sepsis is a condition in which bacteria are present in an infant’s sterile body fluids. It is considered one of the most common causes of infant death, with nearly one million deaths per birthday and approximately 2 million deaths in the first week of life. To aid in the early diagnosis of neonatal sepsis, a potential new biomarker for early neonatal sepsis called orosomucoid (ORM) or α1-glycoprotein (α1AGP) in urine is being evaluated because of its greater accuracy than current diagnostic tools. Combined with particle turbidity analysis (PET), neonatal sepsis can be diagnosed in an immediate, sensitive, specific and non-invasive manner. The early local increase in urinary ORM in sepsis suggests that it could be a new promising marker of sepsis and an important part of routine laboratory and clinical practice.
ROX Index as a Predictor of Intubation Risk and 28-Day Mortality in COVID-19 Patients with Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome
Authors: Nugraha Putra Kurnia , Utariani Arie , Setiawan Philia , Semedi Bambang Pujo
Published: January 2022

Background: The main concern when treating COVID-19 acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) during high flow nasal cannula (HFNC) is delayed intubation, thus increasing the risk of prior mortality. This study aims to analyze the prognostic ability of the Respiratory Rate Oxygenation (ROX) index as a predictor for intubation and 28-days mortality in COVID-19 patients.
Methods: A retrospective analysis of COVID-19 patients admitted to Intensive Care Unit (ICU) Dr. Soetomo General Hospital in Surabaya from July to December 2020 with ARDS. The ROX indices were recorded at the 1st hour, 2nd, 4th, 6th, 12th, 18th, 24th, and 48th hours of treatment in ICU with HFNC. Identification of ROX association with HFNC failure led to intubation and 28-days mortality was through Cox proportional hazards regression. The most specific cut-off of the ROX index for predicting intubation and 28-days mortality was assessed.
Result: Among 78 patients who met the inclusion criteria, 26 (33.3%) patients required intubation. Out of 26 patients, six patients were extubated and had survived. The 28-days mortality rate is 20 (25.6%) patients. The ROX index at 12th hours (ROX-12) ≤ 4.85 (AUC 0.857; p<0.001; HR 4.7) and the ROX index at 48th hours (ROX-48) ≤ 5.68 (AUC 0.858; p<0.001; HR 5.4) can accurately predict the need for intubation. ROX-12 ≤ 4.745 is a predictor of 28-days mortality (AUC 0.85, p<0.001; HR 10.2).
Conclusion: ROX index predicts the risk of intubation and 28-days mortality especially ROX-12 and ROX-48. Utilization of ROX index for rapid assessment of the respiratory deterioration in COVID-19 is recommended.
Upaya Kepala Sekolah dalam Menunjang Profesionalisme Guru di MTs NW 02 Kembang Kerang
Authors: Hidayat Nur Anwar , Mashun Mashun , Munir Muhammad
Published: January 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui Upaya Kepala Sekolah dalam Menunjang Profesionalisme Guru di MTs NW 02 Kembang Kerang. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah kualitatif dengan menggunakan teknik pengumpulan data berupa observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi dengan menitik beratkan sumber data informan : Kepala sekolah, Wakil Kepala Sekolah, Staf Tata Usaha dan Guru untuk mengokohkan keabsahan data yang diperoleh.

Hasil penelitian ini mengungkapkan tiga temuan yaitu : (1) Sudah ada Upaya Kepala Sekolah dalam Menunjang Profesionalisme Guru di MTs NW 02 Kembang Kerang dengan mengirimkan guru untuk mengikuti pelatihan, memnerikan surat tugas dan sertifikat pendidikan (2) Sudah ada Langkah-langkah Kepala Sekolah dalam Menunjang Profesionalisme Guru di MTs NW 02 Kembang Kerang dengan membimbing, membina, bekerja sama, dan supervisi dalam Upaya Kepala Sekolah dalam Menunjang Profesionalisme Guru di MTs NW 02 Kembang Kerang (3) sudah ada usaha Kepala Sekolah untuk penyelsaian Kendala-kendala dalam Menunjang Profesionalisme Guru di MTs NW 02 Kembang Kerang.
The Creation of the Nahal Settlement Enterprise
Authors: Fraenkel Nadav
Published: January 2022

During the days of the British Mandate in Palestine, the leadership of the Hebrew Yishuv developed the concept of security settlements, i.e., settlements established on the frontier to provide security along the borders of the future state. The concept was put into practice with the Nahal (acronyms of Pioneer Youth Warrior) Brigade settlement enterprise which set up dozens of settlements from 1951 onwards. The first six settlements were founded by ‘lone’ soldiers: immigrants from Eastern Europe and Islamic countries, and natives who did not have a youth movement or pioneering background. The article offers an account of the creation of the Nahal settlement enterprise which adds to the existing research on the subject in two ways. Firstly, it identifies some of the stages in the historical process that have not as yet been adequately described. Secondly, contrary to existing research which claims that the attempt to integrate lone soldiers within the Nahal settlement enterprise failed and had no long-term effects, we argue that the integration achieved most of its goals.
The Sephardic Labor Organization and the Status of Sephardi and Mizrahi Jews in the Yishuv
Authors: Naor Moshe
Published: January 2022

The article discusses the Sephardic Labor Organization in Palestine which was active from 1940 through 1946 as the roof organization of the Sephardic Labor Organization in Tel Aviv and the Organization of Sephardi and Oriental Workers in Jerusalem. The aim of the Sephardic Labor Organization in Palestine as a whole and in particular, of the Sephardic Labor Organization in Tel Aviv was to improve the economic conditions of Sephardi and Mizrahi workers and to enhance their social and political status in the Yishuv. These activities reflect the status of Sephardi and Mizrahi Jews as a hybrid group on the socioeconomic border between the Jews and Arabs of Mandatory Palestine. The article explores the processes which led to the establishment of Sephardi labor organizations, and which manifest the connection between patterns of employment and standard of living, and between ethnic identity and social status.
AS TIC’S COMO FERRAMENTA PEDAGÓGICA NA FORMAÇÃO DO ALUNO LETRADO NO 2° ANO DO ENSINO MÉDIO
Authors: Moura Jeane Karine Silva , Quaresma Marta dos Anjos Queiroz , Carvalho Osmar Viveiros de , Lopes Sarah Moreira
Published: January 2022

Considerando panorama educacional vigente com relação a utilização das TIC’s no âmbito escolar como uma temática pertinente, o presente estudo apresenta reflexões críticas relacionadas ao uso dos recursos tecnológicos como uma ferramenta pedagógica no processo de ensino-aprendizagem no Ensino Médio, com isso será apresentado no decorrer desse trabalho a relevância da tecnologia no processo de formação do homem no contexto da sociedade contemporânea. Tendo como objetivo geral: Analisar como as TIC’s auxiliam na formação do aluno letrado. A abordagem dessa pesquisa apropriou-se como procedimento técnico de cunho qualitativo a pesquisa de campo e o estudo bibliográfico, como instrumentos de coleta de dados utilizou-se a observação e o questionário numa escola pública de Parnaíba-PI. A partir do procedimento metodológico utilizado na pesquisa conclui-se, que uma práxis docente que utiliza as TIC’s como uma ferramenta pedagógica torna o processo de ensino-aprendizagem significativo e relevante a formação do aluno letrado, pois ação docente transformadora não faz uso de metodologias tradicionais ultrapassadas, com isso os recursos tecnológicos são peças fundamentais na efetivação e consolidação de uma prática pedagógica inovadora, eficaz e eficiente. Cabe destacar também, que é necessário que a implantação de equipamentos tecnológicos suficiente por aluno e professor aconteça de fato nas escolas, pois no contexto social vigente torna-se algo indispensável no processo educativo.
Evaluating seasonal and regional distribution of snowfall in regional climate model simulations in the Arctic
Authors: von Lerber Annakaisa , Mech Mario , Rinke Annette , Zhang Damao , Lauer Melanie , Radovan Ana , Gorodetskaya Irina , Crewell Susanne
Published: January 2022

Abstract. In this study, we investigate how the regional climate model HIRHAM5 reproduces the spatial and temporal distribution of Arctic snowfall when compared to CloudSat satellite observations during the examined period of 2007–2010. For this purpose, both approaches, i.e. the assessment of surface snowfall rate (observation-to-model) and the radar reflectivity factor profiles (model-to-observation), are carried out considering spatial and temporal sampling differences. The HIRHAM5 model, which is constrained in its synoptic representation by nudging to ERA-Interim, represents the snowfall in the Arctic region well in comparison to CloudSat products. The spatial distribution of the snowfall patterns is similar in both identifying the southeastern coast of Greenland and the North Atlantic corridor as regions gaining more than twice as much snowfall as the Arctic average, defined here for latitudes between 66° N and 81° N. An excellent agreement (difference less than 1 %) in Arctic averaged annual snowfall rate between HIRHAM5 and CloudSat is found whereas ERA-Interim reanalysis shows an underestimation of 45 % and significant deficits in the representation of the snowfall frequency distribution. From the spatial analysis it can be seen that the largest differences in the mean annual snowfall rates are an overestimation near the coastlines of Greenland and other regions with large orographical variations, as well as an underestimation in the northern North Atlantic ocean. To a large extent, the differences can be explained by clutter contamination, blind zone or higher resolution of CloudSat measurements, but clearly HIRHAM5 overestimates the orographic-driven precipitation. The underestimation of HIRHAM5 within the North Atlantic corridor south of Svalbard is likely connected to a poor description of the marine cold air outbreaks which could be identified by separating snowfall into different circulation weather type regimes. By simulating the radar reflectivity factor profiles from HIRHAM5 utilizing the PAMTRA forward-modeling operator, the contribution of individual hydrometeor types can be assessed. Looking at a latitude band at 72–73° N, snow can be identified as the hydrometeor type dominating radar reflectivity factor values across all seasons. The largest differences between the observed and simulated reflectivity factor values are related to the contribution of cloud ice particles, which is underestimated in the model most likely due to the small size of the particles. The model-to-observation approach offers a promising diagnostic when improving cloud schemes as illustrated by comparison of different schemes available for HIRHAM5.
Day-ahead energy production in small hydropower plants: uncertainty-aware forecasts through effective coupling of knowledge and data
Authors: Drakaki Korina-Konstantina , Sakki Georgia-Konstantina , Tsoukalas Ioannis , Kossieris Panagiotis , Efstratiadis Andreas
Published: January 2022

Abstract. Motivated by the challenges induced by the so-called Target Model and the
associated changes to the current structure of the energy market, we revisit
the problem of day-ahead prediction of power production from Small
Hydropower Plants (SHPPs) without storage capacity. Using as an example a
typical run-of-river SHPP in Western Greece, we test alternative forecasting
schemes (from regression-based to machine learning) that take advantage of
different levels of information. In this respect, we investigate whether it
is preferable to use as predictor the known energy production of previous
days, or to predict the day-ahead inflows and next estimate the resulting
energy production via simulation. Our analyses indicate that the second
approach becomes clearly more advantageous when the expert's knowledge about
the hydrological regime and the technical characteristics of the SHPP is
incorporated within the model training procedure. Beyond these, we also
focus on the predictive uncertainty that characterize such forecasts, with
overarching objective to move beyond the standard, yet risky, point
forecasting methods, providing a single expected value of power production.
Finally, we discuss the use of the proposed forecasting procedure under
uncertainty in the real-world electricity market.
Measurement of vertical atmospheric density profile from the X-ray Earth occultation of the Crab Nebula with Insight-HXMT
Authors: Yu Daochun , Li Haitao , Li Baoquan , Ge Mingyu , Tuo Youli , Li Xiaobo , Xue Wangchen , Liu Yaning , Wang Aoying , Zhu Yajun , Luo Bingxian
Published: January 2022

Abstract. The X-ray Earth occultation sounding (XEOS) is an emerging method for measuring the neutral density in the lower thermosphere. In this paper, the X-ray Earth occultation (XEO) of the Crab Nebula is investigated by using the Insight-HXMT. The pointing observation data on the 30th September, 2018 recorded by the Low Energy X-ray telescope (LE) of Insight-HXMT are selected and analyzed. The extinction lightcurves and spectra during the X-ray Earth occultation process are extracted. A forward model for the XEO lightcurve is established and the theoretical observational signal for lightcurve is predicted. A Bayesian data analysis method is developed for the XEO lightcurve modeling and the atmospheric density retrieval. The posterior probability distribution of the model parameters is derived through the Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) algorithm with the NRLMSISE-00 model and the NRLMSIS 2.0 model as basis functions and the best-fit density profiles are retrieved respectively. It is found that in the altitude range of 105–200 km, the retrieved density profile is 88.8 % of the density of NRLMSISE-00 and 109.7 % of the density of NRLMSIS 2.0 by fitting the lightcurve in the energy range of 1.0–2.5 keV based on XEOS method. In the altitude range of 95–125 km, the retrieved density profile is 81.0 % of the density of NRLMSISE-00 and 92.3 % of the density of NRLMSIS 2.0 by fitting the lightcurve in the energy range of 2.5–6.0 keV based on XEOS method. In the altitude range of 85–110 km, the retrieved density profile is 87.7 % of the density of NRLMSISE-00 and 101.4 % of the density of NRLMSIS 2.0 by fitting the lightcurve in the energy range of 6.0–10.0 keV based on XEOS method. The measurements of density profiles are compared with the NRLMSISE-00/NRLMSIS 2.0 model simulations and the previous retrieval results with RXTE satellite. Finally, we find that the retrieved density profile from Insight-HXMT based on the NRLMSISE-00/NRLMSIS 2.0 models is qualitatively consistent with the previous retrieved results from RXTE. This study demonstrate that the XEOS from the X-ray astronomical satellite Insight-HXMT can provide an approach for the study of the upper atmosphere. The Insight-HXMT satellite can join the family of the XEOS. The Insight-HXMT satellite with other X-ray astronomical satellites in orbit can form a space observation network for XEOS in the future.
The soil carbon erosion paradox reconciled
Authors: Van Oost Kristof , Six Jo
Published: January 2022

Abstract. The acceleration of erosion, transport and burial of soil organic carbon (C) in response to agricultural expansion represents a significant perturbation of the terrestrial C cycle. Recent model advances now enable improved representation of the relationships between sedimentary processes and C cycling and this has led to substantially revised assessments of changes in land C as a result of land cover and climate change. However, surprisingly a consensus on both the direction and magnitude of the erosion-induced land-atmosphere C exchange is still lacking. Here, we show that the apparent soil C erosion paradox, i.e., whether agricultural erosion results in a C sink or source, can be reconciled when comprehensively considering the range of temporal (from seconds to millennia) and spatial scales (from soil microaggregates to the Land Ocean Aquatic Continuum (LOAC)) at which erosional effects on the C cycle operate. Based on the currently available data (74 studies), we developed a framework that describes erosion-induced C sink and source terms across scales. Based on this framework, we conclude that erosion is a source for atmospheric CO2 when considering only small temporal and spatial scales, while both sinks and sources appear when multi-scaled approaches are used. We emphasize the need for erosion control for the benefits it brings for the delivery of ecosystem services, particularly in low-input systems, but our analysis clearly demonstrates that cross-scale approaches are essential to accurately represent erosion effects on the global C cycle.
The potential of fragipans in sustaining pearl millet during drought periods in north-central Namibia
Authors: Prudat Brice , Fister Wolfgang , Bloemertz Lena , Krenz Juliane , Kuhn Nikolaus J.
Published: January 2022

Abstract. Sandy soils with fragipans are usually considered poorly suited for
agriculture. However, these soils are cultivated in Namibia as they can
secure a minimum harvest during droughts. In order to understand the
hydrological influence of fragipans in these soils, Ehenge, their soil moisture
content was measured for 4 months. These data were then compared to a
deep soil without fragipan, Omutunda, which is more productive during normal years
but less productive during droughts. The results illustrate that the combination of sandy topsoil and shallow
fragipan has beneficial effects on plant-available water during dry periods. Three reasons can be determined: (i) high infiltration rate in the sandy
topsoil, (ii) prevention of deep drainage by the fragipan, and (iii)
limitation of evaporation losses through the sand. Consequently,
transferring these findings to other dry, sandy areas with fragipans, with
respective consequences on farming practices, crop productivity, and food
security, should be possible.
Attributing of global evapotranspiration trends based on the Budyko framework
Authors: Li Shijie , Wang Guojie , Zhu Chenxia , Lu Jiao , Ullah Waheed , Hagan Daniel Fiifi Tawia , Kattel Giri , Peng Jian
Published: January 2022

Abstract. Actual evapotranspiration (ET) is an essential variable in the hydrological process, linking the carbon, water, and energy cycles. Global ET has significantly changed in the warming climate. Although increasing vapour pressure deficit (VPD) due to global warming enhances atmospheric water demand, it remains unclear how the dynamics of ET are affected. In this study, using multiple datasets, we disentangled the relative contributions of precipitation, net radiation, air temperature (T1), VPD, and wind speed on affecting annual ET linear trend using an advanced separation method that considers the Budyko framework. It is found that the precipitation variability dominantly controls global ET in the dry climates, the net radiation has substantial control over ET in the tropical regions, and VPD is impacting ET trends in boreal mid-latitude climate. The critical role of VPD in controlling ET trends is particularly emphasized due to its influence in controlling the land-atmosphere interactions.
Numerical analysis of an infrared gas sensor utilizing an indium-tin-oxide-based plasmonic slot waveguide
Authors: Saeidi Parviz , Jakoby Bernhard , Pühringer Gerald , Tortschanoff Andreas , Stocker Gerald , Spettel Jasmin , Grille Thomas , Jannesari Reyhaneh
Published: January 2022

Abstract. Plasmonic waveguides have attracted much attention owing
to the associated high field intensity at the metal–dielectric interface and
their ability to confine the modes at the nanometer scale. At the same time,
they suffer from relatively high propagation loss, which is due to the
presence of metal. Several alternative materials have been introduced to
replace noble metals, such as transparent conductive oxides (TCOs). A
particularly popular TCO is indium tin oxide (ITO), which is compatible with
standard microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) technology. In this work, the feasibility of ITO as an
alternative plasmonic material is investigated for infrared absorption sensing
applications: we numerically design and optimize an ITO-based
plasmonic slot waveguide for a wavelength of 4.26 µm, which is the absorption
line of CO2. Our optimization is based on a figure of merit (FOM), which
is defined as the confinement factor divided by the imaginary part of the effective mode
index (i.e., the intrinsic damping of the mode). The obtained optimal FOM is
3.2, which corresponds to 9 µm and 49 % for the propagation length
(characterizing the intrinsic damping) and the confinement factor,
respectively.
The impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on care of women with ectopic pregnancy in a tertiary London hospital
Authors: Gaughran J.E. , Geddes-Barton D.M. , Lyne T , Bailey F , Ovadia C , Holland T
Published: January 2022

Background: In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, a central London tertiary referral hospital’s nurse-led Early Pregnancy & Acute Gynaecology Unit (EPAGU) suspended its walk-in service in favour of a telephone triage system with scheduled appointments.

Objective: To assess if the pandemic and this adaptation to clinical services had an impact on the presentation, management and complication rate of ectopic pregnancies.

Materials and Methods: A retrospective review was performed of ectopic pregnancies diagnosed in the EPAGU between 5th of March 2020 – 15th of July 2020 (pandemic) and 5th of March 2019 – 15th of July 2019 (pre-pandemic).

Main outcome measures: Ultrasound findings, patient demographics, serum hCG concentrations, operative findings and complications.

Results: There was a 36% reduction in attendances to the unit during the pandemic. Allowing for this, there was no significant difference in the diagnosis rate between the two periods. There was no significant difference in the gestation at diagnosis, serum hCG concentration or volume of mass at presentation. There was also no significant difference in rate of surgical intervention or complications including rupture of fallopian tube, haemoperitoneum or need for blood transfusion.

Conclusion: This study suggests this is a safe means of caring for women with ectopic pregnancies which does not limit management options nor lead to higher complication rates.

What is new: Other EPAGUs may choose to adopt a telephone triage system with reassurance of its safety.
Indirect and atypical imaging signals of endometriosis: A wide range of manifestations
Authors: Vigueras Smith A , Cabrera R , Trippia C , Tessman Zomer M , Kondo W , Ferreira H , Carttaxo Da Silva L , Sumak R
Published: January 2022

Background: Whilst some imaging signs of endometriosis are common and widely accepted as ‘typical’, a range of ‘subtle’ signs could be present in imaging studies, presenting an opportunity to the radiologist and the surgeon to aid the diagnosis and facilitate preoperative surgical planning.

Objective: To summarise and analyse the current information related to indirect and atypical signs of endometriosis by ultrasound (US) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

Methods: Through the use of PubMed and Google scholar, we conducted a comprehensive review of available articles related to the diagnosis of indirect signs in transvaginal US and MRI. All abstracts were assessed and the studies were finally selected by two authors.

Results: Transvaginal US is a real time dynamic exploration, that can reach a sensitivity of 79-94% and specificity of 94%. It allows evaluation of normal sliding between structures in different compartments, searching for adhesions or fibrosis.
MRI is an excellent tool that can reach a sensitivity of 94% and specificity of 77% and allows visualisation of the uterus, bowel loop deviation and peritoneal inclusion cysts. It also allows the categorisation and classification of ovarian cysts, rectovaginal and vesicovaginal septum obliteration, and small bowel endometriotic implants.

Conclusion: The use of an adequate mapping protocol with systematic evaluation and the reporting of direct and indirect signs of endometriosis is crucial for detailed and safe surgical planning.