bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Endothelial Drp1 Couples VEGF-induced Redox Signaling with Glycolysis Through Cysteine Oxidation
to Drive Angiogenesis
Authors: Ushio-Fukai Masuko , Nagarkoti Sheela , Kim Young-Mee , Das Archita , Ash Dipankar , Vitriol Eric , Read Tracy-Ann , Sudhahar Varadarajan , Hossain Md. Selim , Yadav Shikha , McMenamin Malgorzata , Kelley Stephanie , Lucas Rudolf , Stepp David , de Chantemele Eric Belin , Caldwell Ruth , Fulton David , Fukai Tohru
Published: June 2024

Angiogenesis plays a vital role for postnatal development and tissue repair following ischemia. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated by NADPH oxidases (NOXes) and mitochondria act as signaling molecules that promote angiogenesis in endothelial cells (ECs) which mainly relies on aerobic glycolysis for ATP production. However, the connections linking redox signaling with glycolysis are not well understood. The GTPase Drp1 is a member of the dynamin superfamily that moves from cytosol to mitochondria through posttranslational modifications to induce mitochondrial fission. The role of Drp1 in ROS-dependent VEGF signaling and angiogenesis in ECs has not been previously described. Here, we identify an unexpected function of endothelial Drp1 as a redox sensor, transmitting VEGF-induced H2O2 signals to enhance glycolysis and angiogenesis. Loss of Drp1 expression in ECs inhibited VEGF-induced angiogenic responses. Mechanistically, VEGF rapidly induced the NOX4-dependent sulfenylation (CysOH) of Drp1 on Cys644, promoting disulfide bond formation with the metabolic kinase AMPK and subsequent sulfenylation of AMPK at Cys299/304 via the mitochondrial fission-mitoROS axis. This cysteine oxidation of AMPK, in turn, enhanced glycolysis and angiogenesis. In vivo, mice with EC-specific Drp1 deficiency or CRISPR/Cas9-engineered “redox-dead” (Cys to Ala) Drp1 knock-in mutations exhibited impaired retinal angiogenesis and post-ischemic neovascularization. Our findings uncover a novel role for endothelial Drp1 in linking VEGF-induced mitochondrial redox signaling to glycolysis through a cysteine oxidation-mediated Drp1-AMPK redox relay, driving both developmental and reparative angiogenesis.
LLM-A*: Large Language Model Enhanced Incremental Heuristic Search on Path Planning
Authors: Meng Silin , Wang Yiwei , Yang Cheng-Fu , Peng Nanyun , Chang Kai-Wei
Published: June 2024

Path planning is a fundamental scientific problem in robotics and autonomous navigation, requiring the derivation of efficient routes from starting to destination points while avoiding obstacles. Traditional algorithms like A* and its variants are capable of ensuring path validity but suffer from significant computational and memory inefficiencies as the state space grows. Conversely, large language models (LLMs) excel in broader environmental analysis through contextual understanding, providing global insights into environments. However, they fall short in detailed spatial and temporal reasoning, often leading to invalid or inefficient routes. In this work, we propose LLM-A*, an new LLM based route planning method that synergistically combines the precise pathfinding capabilities of A* with the global reasoning capability of LLMs. This hybrid approach aims to enhance pathfinding efficiency in terms of time and space complexity while maintaining the integrity of path validity, especially in large-scale scenarios. By integrating the strengths of both methodologies, LLM-A* addresses the computational and memory limitations of conventional algorithms without compromising on the validity required for effective pathfinding.
Abwerten, Aussortieren, Separieren
Authors: Waldmann Maximilian
Published: June 2024

Lernende Algorithmen gelten aufgrund ihrer irreduziblen Opazität als eigenständige Akteure/Performanzen, die bestehende soziale Gefälle digital amplifizieren, neue Barrieren in technisierten sozialen Ordnungen erzeugen oder Grenzen verschieben können, die den Zugang zu gesellschaftlichen Ressourcen beschränken. Der Artikel vergleicht die beiden dominierenden Ansätze miteinander, die sich mit Entstehung und Effekten dieser automatisierten Mechanismen kritisch auseinandersetzen. Auf Basis der Gegenüberstellung werden schliesslich unterschiedliche reflexive Implikationen und eine diffraktive Lesart medienbildungstheoretischer Interventionen ausgelotet.
More than human: Performative Strategien des Entanglement in der postdigitalen Gegenwart
Authors: Köstler-Kilian Sabine
Published: June 2024

Der in einschlägigen wissenschaftlichen Diskursen gängige Begriff der Postdigitalität (vgl. Cramer 2014) bezeichnet einen tiefgreifenden Transformationsprozess, der alle relevanten Dimensionen des gesellschaftlichen Lebens tangiert. Nicht nur die Omnipräsenz und Ubiquität des Digitalen spielen dabei ein zentrale Rolle, auch die Hybridität «alter» und «neuer» Medien bzw. medientechnologischer Infrastrukturen sowie auch Hybrisierungen von (Künstler:innen-)Subjekten gehen damit einher und verändern grundlegend die Perspektive darauf, wer in künstlerischen Prozessen Subjekt ist bzw. als was sich Subjekt konstelliert. Postdigitalität als Kulturwandel ist allerdings keine gängige Perspektive im bildungspolitischen Kontext Schule. Im Spannungsfeld zwischen Tradierung und Transformation konfligieren auch Subjekt-, Bildungs- und Kunstverständnisse. Unter Bezugnahme auf Latours Netzwerkparadigma der Akteur-Netzwerk-Theorie, auf New Materialism wie auch auf praxeologische Perspektiven eines doing subject werden im Folgenden die grundlegenden Transgressionen und Grenzauflösungen reflektiert, die sich sowohl für den pädagogischen als auch künstlerischen Kontext ergeben. Die Transgressionen sind dabei zweifach zu rahmen: zum einen hinsichtlich der pädagogischen Dimensionen Subjekt und Bildung, zum anderen hinsichtlich der Transformation des Kunstbegriffs. Beide Dimensionen werden für das Schultheater als eine performative Praxis der Reflexion postdigitaler Kulturen zusammengeführt und in ihrer Abgrenzung zum vorherrschenden schulisch-institutionalisierten Subjekt-, Bildungs- und Kunstverständnis reflektiert.
Widersprüchliche Anforderungen sichtbar machen
Authors: Richter Susanne
Published: June 2024

Soziale Plattformen und insbesondere Beauty Content – also Beiträge, in denen Praktiken des Schönheitshandelns thematisiert werden – generieren pädagogische Aufmerksamkeit im Schnittpunkt von Gender- und Medienpädagogik. Damit bietet die Beauty Community in zweierlei Hinsicht Ansatzpunkte für die Frage nach postdigitalen Impulsen für die Pädagogik: Zum einen ist sie Gegenstand pädagogischer Arbeit, zum anderen ein neuer sozialer Raum, der komplexe Analysen der Performances und Aushandlungen sozialer- und Geschlechterordnungen ermöglicht. In diesem Beitrag werden die Befunde einer geschlechtersoziologischen Studie der YouTube Beauty Community (Richter 2021) im Hinblick auf die Frage nach pädagogischen Implikationen postdigitaler Kultur gelesen. Dafür werden zunächst pädagogische Problematisierungen der Beauty Community dargelegt und anschliessend durch ausgewählte Befunde der fokussierten Studie kontrastiert, um eine produktive Perspektive auf diese Probleme zu erarbeiten: Die Akteur:innen der Community werden darin sichtbar als in Widersprüchen verortet, die Herstellung von Souveränität wird als zentraler Wert verhandelt. Pädagogische Implikationen postdigitaler Kultur, so wird abschliessend argumentiert, liegen im analytischen Potenzial der Untersuchungen digitaler Arenen, das sowohl für die Erforschung gegenwärtiger gesellschaftlicher Transformationen als auch als Grundlage für pädagogisches Handeln eingesetzt werden kann – nicht zuletzt in Bezug auf Herausforderungen, die mit der Entstehung und Etablierung dieser neuen Arenen und ihrer Ausbreitung einhergehen.
Media Personnel Identity Crisis
Authors: LeBlanc Al
Published: June 2024

One of the greatest stress points for media personnel is the problem of role perception by fellow employees within an institution and from outside the field. To compound the problem is a lack of clear definition of duties and functions from the general to the specific. Very often the question, "What do you do for a living?" generates a puzzled expression as we try to put into layperson's terms what it is that we do (so well).
Hospital waste: impact on Allium cepa cells
Authors: Campos Marcella Schneider Brun , Eckert Giovana Laís , Intiche Jonas Jean , Barcelos Rodrigo Patera , Battisti Iara Denise Endruweit , Baroni Suzymeire
Published: June 2024

The dumping of chemical substances, from urban, industrial and hospital waste, is the main responsible for the high concentrations of toxic substances in the environment. The adverse effects and risks that these substances may cause to the ecosystem have become the target of research in the scientific environment. The chemical substances present in tailings can be metabolized, stored as well as interact directly with the DNA of eukaryotic cells promoting pre-oncogenic events. To assess the impact of so-called emerging contaminants (EDC's) on the genome of eukaryotes, it is possible to use micronucleus (MN) and nuclear abnormalities (NA) tests through onion root (Allium cepa) meristematic cells. The objective of this research was to investigate the cellular, genotoxic and clastogenic alterations in onion root meristematic cells, through exposure in three hospital waste sampling efforts at three different times. The collected samples were analyzed in a gas chromatograph coupled to a mass spectrometer (GC-MS QP 2010) in order to qualify the constituents present in the tailings. By analyzing semi-permanent slides stained by the Shiff method, the nuclear and micronucleus abnormalities were computed in 3000 Allium cepa meristematic cells exposed to hospital waste for 96 hours. The results obtained show that the calculated MI (Mitotic Index) of the cells submitted to the waste were significantly lower when compared to the negative control group. There is also an important correlation between mitotic index and MN appearance. In the GC-MS analysis, several main peaks were observed and different retention times were identified. In treatment 1 T (3.44) and treatment 2, T (3.47), Propoxur was one of the products found that offers clastogenic potential as it is a synthetic carbamate, composed of aromatic ether and acetylcholinesterase inhibitor, widely used as a pesticide. The results show that the waste from the hospital under study has cytotoxic and genotoxic potential.
O treinamento funcional pode influenciar nos aspectos físicos de pessoas com parkinson? Um ensaio clínico randomizado controlado
Authors: Lima Alicia Garcia , Moratelli Jéssica Amaro , Alexandre Ketllyn Hames , Guimarães Adriana Coutinho de Azevedo
Published: June 2024

Introdução: O exercício físico é considerado uma forma de tratamento complementar ao medicamentoso, comprovado na literatura principalmente na melhora de alguns sintomas motores. Objetivo: Analisar o efeito de uma intervenção de treinamento funcional sobre o escore da Escala Unificada da Doença de Parkinson III, equilíbrio, flexibilidade, força de membros inferiores e superiores e mobilidade funcional em pessoas com doença de Parkinson. Métodos: O estudo incluiu um grupo de intervenção de treino funcional (n=12) e um grupo de controlo (n=12), totalizando 24 participantes de ambos os sexos (64,08 ± 10,1 anos). Foram recolhidas informações sobre as características pessoais e clínicas e aplicados os seguintes testes: Escala Unificada da Doença de Parkinson - parte III, teste de equilíbrio (MiniBESTest), flexibilidade dos membros inferiores (Sentar e Alcançar), amplitude de movimento dos ombros (Goniometria), força muscular dos membros inferiores (dinamómetro isocinético), força de preensão manual (Dinamometria) e mobilidade funcional (Timed Up & Go). Resultados: Após a intervenção verificaram-se melhorias significativas intragrupo no grupo de intervenção para as variáveis amplitude de movimento do ombro esquerdo em abdução (p= 0,014) e flexão (p= 0,018), flexibilidade dos membros inferiores direito e esquerdo (p=0,013; p=0,002), força de extensão da perna direita e esquerda (p=0,028; p=0,017) e força de flexão da perna direita e esquerda (p=0,006; p=0,002). Além disso, diferenças estatísticas intragrupo no agravamento do grupo de controle na Escala Unificada da Doença de Parkinson III (p=0,023), na amplitude de movimento do ombro direito em flexão (p=0,000) e na flexibilidade do membro inferior esquerdo (p=0,043). Nenhuma das variáveis demonstrou efeito intergrupo e as variáveis equilíbrio, mobilidade funcional e preensão manual não apresentaram efeitos significativos intragrupo. Conclusões: Um programa de treinamento funcional pode influenciar positivamente aspectos físicos relacionados à força, amplitude de movimento e flexibilidade, e mostrou-se um tratamento complementar seguro e viável para pessoas com doença de Parkinson.
Supplementation of Antioxidants in Chronic Kidney Disease: Clinical Necessity or Wishful Thinking? A Bench to Bedside Translational Research
Authors: Roumeliotis Stefanos , Neofytou Ioannis E. , Kantartzi Konstantia , Georgianos Panagiotis I. , Liakopoulos Vassilios
Published: June 2024

Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) patients are at increased risk for atherosclerosis,
cardiovascular disease (CVD), and progression to end-stage kidney disease (ESKD).
This heavy CVD risk cannot be solely attributed to traditional Framingham risk factors.
Oxidative stress, defined as the disruption of the balance between prooxidants and antioxidants
in favor of the former, has emerged as a novel risk factor for CVD and CKD
progression. Specifically, lipid peroxidation has been identified as a trigger for endothelial
dysfunction, the first step towards atherogenesis, and protein oxidation has been associated
with CKD progression. The oxidation of proteins and lipids starts early in
CKD, increases gradually with disease progression, and is further exacerbated in ESKD
due to dialysis-related factors. In order to counteract the deleterious effects of free radicals
and thereby ameliorate, or delay, CV disease and progression of CKD, exogenous
administration of antioxidants has been proposed. Here, we attempt to summarize existing
data from experimental and clinical studies that test antioxidants for their possible
beneficial effects against CVD and CKD progression, such as vitamins E and C, statins,
omega-3 fatty acids, trace elements, polyphenols, and N-acetylcysteine.
Exploring Anthocyanins: Unveiling Sources, Analytical Techniques, and Biological Activities
Authors: Agarwal Ashutosh , Thakor Niyatee , Manani Lata , Prajapati Parixit , Elossaily Gehan M. , Prajapati Bhupendra G.
Published: June 2024

Anthocyanins (ANCs) are obtained from pigmented foods like blueberry,
strawberry, and red cabbage and are phenolic compounds belonging to the flavonoids
family. ANCs have garnered significant attention in recent years due to their diverse biological
activities and potential health benefits. This comprehensive review presents a
holistic exploration of anthocyanins, spanning from their chemical structure and biosynthesis
pathways to the myriad analytical techniques employed for their identification and
quantification. Furthermore, the rich tapestry of plant sources yields anthocyanins is
delved into, highlighting their incorporation into various pharmaceutical formulations.
This review aims to provide a comprehensive synthesis of current knowledge on anthocyanins,
spanning from their origins in nature to their multifaceted pharmacological activities
and innovative pharmaceutical applications.
Network Pharmacology, Molecular Docking, and Experimental Validation of the Mechanism of Jiedu Xiaoliu Formula against Diffuse Large B-Cell
Lymphoma
Authors: Wei Congmin , Hu Ming , Hu Qi
Published: June 2024

Introduction:

Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma (DLBCL) is the most common Bcell
lymphoma type. Detoxification and tumor elimination formula, a herbal compound, can
potentially treat lymphoma. In this study, network pharmacology and molecular docking approaches
were utilized to reveal the potential mechanism of the Jiedu Xiaoliu formula (JDXLF)
against DLBCL.

Methods:

Active compounds and targets of JDXLF were obtained from the Traditional Chinese
Medicine Systems Pharmacology (TCMSP) database. Targets related to DLBCL were retrieved
from GeneCards and Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM) databases. Protein-
Protein Interaction (PPI) networks were established to screen core targets. Gene Ontology
(GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analyses
were performed using R 4.2.2. Model interactions between potential disease targets and pharmacologically
active compounds were determined by molecular docking.

Results:

Screening of 14 herbal active ingredients yielded 129 active compounds and 1414 disease
targets for DLBCL. GO annotations showed that the effects of JDXLF were related to protein
phosphorylation and reactive oxygen species response. KEGG pathway enrichment analysis
indicated that the detoxification and elimination of tumors formula mainly regulated apoptosis
pathways. Nobiletin showed good interaction with AKT1, TP53, and CASP3, and the cell
counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay confirmed that nobiletin inhibited the proliferation of SU-DHL-4
cells. Western blot analysis showed that nobiletin downregulated the expressions of p-PI3K, p-
AKT, and BCL-2 proteins and upregulated those of cleaved-caspase3 and BAX.

Conclusion:

Our findings preliminarily suggested that the active ingredient of JDXLF, nobiletin,
may induce apoptosis in Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma SU-DHL-4 cells by regulating
the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.
Evaluating the Performance of In silico Tools for PRRT2 Missense
Variants
Authors: Sun Hui , Song Wang , Li Bin
Published: June 2024

Background:

Variants in the PRRT2 gene are associated with paroxysmal kinesigenic
dyskinesia and other episodic disorders. With the employment of variant screening in patients
with episodic dyskinesia, many PRRT2 variants have been discovered. Bioinformatics tools are
becoming increasingly important for predicting the functional significance of variants. This
study aimed to evaluate the performance of six in silico tools for PRRT2 missense variants.

Methods:

Pathogenic PRRT2 variants were retrieved from the Human Gene Mutation Database
(HGMD) and literature from the PubMed database. The benign set of non-deleterious variants
was retrieved from the Genome Aggregation Database (gnomAD). The overall accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive values, and negative predictive values of SIFT, PolyPhen2,
MutationTaster, CADD, Fathmm, and Provean were analyzed. The MCC score and ROC curve
were calculated. The GraphPad Prism 8.0 software was used to plot ROC curves for the six bioinformatics software.

Results:

A total of 45 missense variants with confirmed pathogenicity were used as a positive
set, and 222 missense variants were used as a negative set. The top three tools in accuracy are
Fathmm, Provean, and MutationTaster. The top three predictors in sensitivity are SIFT, PolyPhen2, and CADD. Regarding specificity, the top three tools were Provean, Fathmm, and MutationTaster. In terms of the MCC and F-score, the highest degree was observed in Fathmm.
Fathmm also had the highest AUC score. The cutoff values of Fathmm, CADD, PolyPhen2, and
Provean were between the median prediction scores of the positive and negative sets. In contrast, the cutoff value of SIFT was below the median prediction score of the positive and negative sets. Fathmm had the highest accuracy.

Conclusion:

The prediction performance of six in silico tools differed among the parameters.
Fathmm had the best prediction performance, with the highest accuracy and MCC/F-score for
PRRT2 missense variants.
Targeted Treatment Strategies for Mitochondria Dysfunction: Correlation with Neurological Disorders
Authors: Sharma Rishav , Malviya Rishabha , Srivastava Saurabh , Ahmad Irfan , Rab Safia Obaidur , Uniyal Prerna
Published: June 2024

:

Mitochondria are an essential intracellular organelle for medication targeting and delivery
since they seem to create energy and conduct many other cellular tasks, and mitochondrial dysfunctions
and malfunctions lead to many illnesses. Many initiatives have been taken to detect, diagnose,
and image mitochondrial abnormalities, and to transport and accumulate medicines precisely
to mitochondria, all because of special mitochondrial aspects of the pathophysiology of cancer.
In addition to the negative membrane potential and paradoxical mitochondrial dynamics, they
include high temperatures, high levels of reactive oxygen species, high levels of glutathione, and
high temperatures. Neurodegenerative diseases represent a broad spectrum of debilitating illnesses.
They are linked to the loss of certain groups of neurons based on an individual's physiology or
anatomy. The mitochondria in a cell are generally accepted as the authority with respect to ATP
production. Disruption of this system is linked to several cellular physiological issues. The development
of neurodegenerative disorders has been linked to mitochondrial malfunction, according
to pathophysiological studies. There seems to be substantial evidence connecting mitochondrial
dysfunction and oxidative stress to the development of neurodegenerative disorders. It has been extensively
observed that mitochondrial malfunction triggers autophagy, which plays a role in neurodegenerative
disorders. In addition, excitotoxicity and mitochondrial dysfunction have been
linked to the development of neurodegenerative disorders. The pathophysiology of neurodegenerative
illnesses has been linked to increased apoptosis and necrosis, as well as mitochondrial malfunction.
A variety of synthetic and natural treatments have shown efficacy in treating neurodegenerative
illnesses caused by mitochondrial failure. Neurodegenerative illnesses can be effectively
treated with existing drugs that target mitochondria, although their precise formulations are poorly
understood. Therefore, there is an immediate need to focus on creating drug delivery methods specifically
targeted at mitochondria in the treatment and diagnosis of neurodegenerative disorders.
Synthetic Methods of Quinoxaline Derivatives and their Potential Anti-inflammatory Properties
Authors: Anjali  , Kamboj Payal , Amir Mohammad
Published: June 2024

Quinoxaline molecule has gathered great attention in medicinal chemistry due to its vide
spectrum of biological activities and has emerged as a versatile pharmacophore in drug discovery
and development. Its structure comprises a bicyclic ring of benzopyrazine and displays a range of
pharmacological properties, including antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral, anticancer, and antiinflammatory.
This study aims to summarize the different strategies for the synthesis of quinoxalines
and their anti-inflammatory properties acting through different mechanisms. Structure-activity
relationships have also been discussed in order to determine the effect of structural modifications on
anti-inflammatory potential. These analyses illuminate critical structural features required for optimal
activity, driving the design and synthesis of new quinoxaline analogues with better antiinflammatory
activities. The anti-inflammatory properties of quinoxalines are attributed to their inhibitory
action on the expression of several inflammatory modulators such as cyclooxygenase, cytokines,
nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NFκB) and p38α Mitogen
Activated Protein Kinase (p38α MAPK). Activators of nuclear factor erythroid 2–related factor 2
(NRF2) and agonistic effect on opioid receptors have also been discussed. Hence, this study may
provide a future template for the design and development of novel quinoxaline derivatives acting
through different molecular targets as potential anti-inflammatory agents with better efficacy and
safety profiles.
The Dilemma of Insulin Delivery into the Brain: A Comprehensive Review
Authors: Hatami Hooman , Askari Vahid Reza , Rahimi Vafa Baradaran , Hasnain Md Saquib , Nayak Amit Kumar
Published: June 2024

Insulin is a peptide hormone that is essential for regulating body homeostasis. Furthermore,
it is involved in various neurological functions such as memory, behaviors, and cognition.
The ubiquitous distribution of insulin receptors on various brain cells, such as neurons, microglia,
astrocytes, and oligodendrocytes, and their differential localization across various brain regions, including
the hippocampus, hypothalamus, and olfactory bulb, collectively underscore the crucial involvement
of insulin in the modulation of cerebral functions. Along with ageing, in some pathological
conditions such as diabetes and brain insulin resistance, the need for exogenous insulin is felt
to compensate for insulin deficiency. In these cases, the biggest obstacle to the delivery of insulin
to the brain is the blood-brain barrier (a physical barrier consisting of endothelial cells with tight
junctions), which prevents the direct entry of most substances possessing high molecular weight,
like insulin, into the brain. Therefore, different delivery methods have been proposed by researchers
for insulin delivery that directly or indirectly cause the transfer of insulin to the brain. Some of
these methods lack high efficiency and cause many side effects for the patient. In this regard,
many new technologies have come to the aid of researchers and have introduced more effective delivery
strategies, including the use of nanocarriers. Despite the promising outcomes demonstrated
in the experimental models, the utilization of these techniques in human studies remains at a nascent
stage and necessitates further comprehensive investigation. This review article aims to examine
the diverse methods of insulin administration to the brain by gathering extensive information
on insulin and its obstacles to brain delivery.
Clinical Decision Support Systems in Adults with Chronic Respiratory Disease: A Systematic Review
Authors: O'Neill Katherine , Parrott Helen , Neely Curtis , McLeese Rebecca , Fleming Glenda , Scott Mike , Bradley Judy M.
Published: June 2024

Background:

Clinical decision support systems (CDSS) are systems which analyse and present data so that users can make decisions more easily and are suggested as part of the solution to poor adoption of guidelines.

Aims:

The aim of this review was to describe the literature on CDSS in chronic respiratory dis-ease management, their function and the features that may impact their effectiveness.

Methods:

The electronic databases PubMed, MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science, the trial
registries Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, EU Clinical Trial Register, ClinicalTrials.
gov and World Health Organisation (WHO) trial registry were searched with the aid of a medical
librarian. All searches began from September 2019 to March 2021.

:

Data from relevant studies were extracted independently by 2 review authors using Covidence
software and Microsoft Excel. Study quality was assessed. CDSS description and indication,
function and the theory underpinning the CDSS (e.g., guidelines, expert opinion, etc.) were
themed and summarised. The presence or absence of the important CDSS features were recorded
i.e., (i) computer-based decision support, (ii) automatic provision of decision support as part of
clinician workflow, (iiii) provision of decision support at the time and location of decisionmaking
and (iv) provision of recommendations rather than just assessments.

Results:

Of the 2647 articles screened, 27 papers or abstracts (n = 22 full text and n = 5 abstracts)
describing 26 studies met all inclusion and exclusion criteria.

:

The 26 studies evaluated asthma care (n = 16), COPD care (n = 9) and both asthma and COPD
care (n = 1). The highest level of evidence was generated by RCTs (n = 7).

:

The 26 studies described 24 different CDSS. Most were based solely or in part on clinical and
best practice guidelines. Whilst most CDSS had multiple functions, which were wide ranging,
medicines management was the most prevalent function. Most systems had 3 out of 4 of the specific
system features that have been correlated with improvements in clinical practice.

:

Generally, in both controlled studies and in other study designs, patient and process outcome
measures were commonly reported with performance outcomes measures less commonly reported.
Fewer positive effects were reported in the higher quality studies (i.e., controlled studies). The
success rate of the CDSS was higher in those studies that had 3 out of the 4 important CDSS features.

Conclusion:

This review demonstrates that CDSS can improve chronic respiratory disease management processes, performance and clinical outcomes in adult patients with asthma and COPD. Results from non-controlled study designs provided valuable information on important process and performance outcomes, including healthcare utility.
Is There an Association between 5a Reductase Inhibitors and Metabolic Syndrome? A Narrative Review of the Literature
Authors: Ziogou Afroditi , Giannakodimos Alexios , Mitakidi Evangelia , Konstantinos Tzelepis , Giannakodimos Ilias
Published: June 2024

:

Finasteride and dutasteride are 5a Reductase Inhibitors (5a-RIs) and comprise the mainstay
of treatment for the management of patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia. 5a-RIs are expressed
in a variety of tissues, such as adipose tissues and liver, resulting in a reduction of glucocorticoid
levels and affecting androgen regulation and metabolic function. As a result, the administration
of these regimens may generate adverse metabolic events, such as liver disease, hyperglycemia,
hyperlipidemia, and diabetes mellitus. Although several studies have tried to record these
adverse metabolic events both in human subjects and animal models, the exact mechanisms of these
actions have not been well described yet in the literature. Further well-designed clinical trials
are needed to elucidate the exact role of 5a reductase inhibitors in the progression of the metabolic
syndrome. The aim of this study was to systematically review the literature concerning the role of
dutasteride or finasteride in the progression of metabolic adverse events and further investigate
possible pathophysiologic mechanisms.
Multinomial Logistic Regression with Adaptive Regularization for Cancer
Subtype Classification via Multi-omics Data
Authors: Wu Yingdi , Cao Fuzhen , Li Juntao
Published: June 2024

Background:

Integrating multi-omics data for cancer classification brings complementary
biological insights while also facing challenges such as data integration, gene grouping, and
adaptive weight construction.

Objective:

This paper aims to address the challenges faced by the cancer subtype classification and
gene screening based on multi-omics data.

Methods:

Multinomial logistic regression with adaptive regularization (MLRAR) was proposed by
integrating DNA methylation, gene mutation, and RNA-seq information. A data preprocessing strategy
that effectively utilizes multi-omics information was presented, and the local maximum quasiclique
merging (lmQCM) algorithm was implemented to group genes. Biological pathway information
was utilized to evaluate the significance of gene groups, while the significance of each gene
within a group was evaluated by integrating mutation information, information theory, and methylation
information.

Results:

Compared to MRlasso, MRGL, MSGL, MROGL, AMRSOGL, and AGLRMR, the proposed
method yielded improvements in subtype classification accuracy of breast cancer by 2.6%,
2.9%, 3.5%, 2.3%, 2.0%, and 1.8%, respectively. In addition, MLRAR also achieved significant improvements
in ovarian cancer by 8.2%, 5.0%, 6.8%, 5.2%, 12.7%, and 6.3%, respectively.

Conclusion:

The proposed method can effectively deal with data integration, gene grouping, and
adaptive weight construction.
An Insight into Cubosomal Drug Delivery Approaches: An Explicative Review
Authors: Mukherjee Swarupananda , Dutta Ayon , Ash Dipanjana , Karati Dipanjan
Published: June 2024

Cubosomes, a novel drug delivery system, have gained significant attention in recent
years due to their unique self-assembled structures and enhanced drug encapsulation capabilities.
They are administered by oral, ophthalmic, transdermal, and chemotherapeutic routes, to name a
few. Due to their many potential benefits—which include high drug dispersal due to the cubic structure,
a large surface area, a relatively simple manufacturing process, biodegradability, the capacity to
encapsulate hydrophobic, hydrophilic, and amphiphilic compounds, targeted and controlled release
of bioactive agents, and the biodegradability of lipids—cubosomes show enormous promise in drug
nanoformulations for cancer therapeutics. The most common preparation method involves emulsifying
a monoglyceride with a polymer, homogenizing, and then sonicating the mixture. Two distinct
approaches to preparing are top-down and bottom-up. This evaluation will examine the materials,
methods of preparation, cubosome-related drug encapsulating techniques, drug loading, release
mechanism, and their uses. The following databases were used for literature searches: PubMed,
Frontiers, Science Direct, Springer, Wiley, and MDPI. For the purpose of finding pertinent articles
and contents (2015-2024), the keywords "cubosome; drug delivery systems, nano-carrier,
theranostic, drug release mechanism" and others of a similar nature were utilized. This review will
conduct a comprehensive analysis of the cubosome-related composition, production methods, drug
encapsulating strategies, drug release mechanisms, and applications. Moreover, the difficulties encountered
in fine-tuning different parameters to improve loading capabilities and prospects are also
discussed. Innovation in pharmaceutical research and development can be stimulated by the
knowledge gathered about cubosomal drug delivery methods. Through the clarification of the mechanisms
involved in drug release from cubosomes and the investigation of innovative fabrication procedures,
scientists can enhance the cubosomal formulation design for targeted therapeutic uses.
The Progress and Trend of UAV Power Line Inspection: A Bibliometrics-based Visualization Analysis
Authors: Meng Bin , Lu Na , Wang Qingqi , Lin Chen
Published: June 2024

Background: The application of Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) is a major turning point in the history of power line inspection and is of increasing interest to a growing number of researchers.

Objective: This study aimed to clarify the research status, hotspots, and evolutionary trends of UAV power line inspection, to help researchers understand the dynamic evolution of research topics and provide guidance for future research directions.

Methods: 737 high-quality papers were collected from the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC) database from 2001 to 2023, and descriptive statistical analysis, cooperation network analysis, keyword co-occurrence analysis, keyword clustering analysis, and keyword citation burst analysis were conducted using VOSviewer and CiteSpace.

Results: The popularity of research in this field is increasing. Chinese academic institutions and scholars have made outstanding contributions. The level of cooperation between different countries, academic institutions, and scholars is low. The research on UAV power line inspection has a wide range of topics and obvious interdisciplinary characteristics, mainly focusing on fault detection and diagnosis, path planning, and the application of deep learning in intelligent inspection. The research hotspot and trend is the integration of artificial intelligence, deep learning, and modern information technology to achieve UAV autonomous intelligent inspection. Some of the challenges faced in the development of the field are also summarized and possible solutions are proposed.

Conclusion: This study provides a comprehensive and systematic review, and the results can provide a quick overview of the research status, hotspots, and evolutionary trends.
A Review on the Morbidity and Mortality in COVID-19 Patients with
Pre-existing Asthma in India
Authors: Saini Prabhnoor , Mungreiphy N.K.
Published: June 2024

The global epidemiology of asthma shows a complex association with COVID-19 regarding morbidity, comorbidity, and mortality. This study aimed to shed light on the relationship between
COVID-19 and pre-existing asthma, specifically within the Indian context, considering the large
population and significant burden of asthma. To review and integrate the available data on morbidity,
comorbidity, and mortality outcomes of COVID-19 patients with pre-existing asthma in India, fulltext articles were searched between December 1st, 2019 to April 20th, 2023, in Science Direct and
PubMed on studies with COVID-19 patients suffering from asthma. A total of 893 articles were
screened based on a certain inclusion criterion, and 15 full-text articles were eligible for the review.
The studies included 10,239 participants comprising 73.47% (n= 7523) of COVID-19 patients. More
males (n= 4993) were affected by COVID-19 infection compared to females (n= 2510). A total of
262 (3.48%) COVID-19 patients had pre-existing asthma, and 58 deaths (0.77%) were observed
among them. South India exhibited the highest number of COVID-19 patients with asthma comorbidity (5.38%), while North India had the lowest number of COVID-19-infected patients with preexisting asthma (1.69%). The highest mortality was found among patients with asthma across India
(7.14%), and the lowest mortality (0.12%) was reflected in cases from North India. This review
showed less asthma comorbidity and mortality cases in COVID-19 patients in India. The study indicated higher COVID-19 infection rates in males. Regional disparities were observed in COVID-19
patients with asthma comorbidity and mortality. In contrast, few studies have reported higher asthma
comorbidity and mortality in COVID-19 patients with pre-existing asthma.
Measurement of Viscoelastic Properties by Free Loading-Mass Method
Authors: V.M. Kulik
Published: June 2024

Background:

A procedure for determining the elastic and viscous properties of the sample material on the basis of the forced vibrations of a sample of mass m loaded with a certain mass M is developed. One of advantages of using the top mass instead of a rigid fixation is the appearance of an additional deformation resonance, the frequency of which is < √ M / m times smaller than the resonance frequency of the fixed sample.

Method:

The experimental setup implementing the free mass method is described. Notably, the
proposed scheme does not require any adjustment and is assembled from standard devices. By
changing the design of the sample only, both shear and compression-tension strains can be measured.
The combination of these methods allows measuring the complex Poisson’s ratio, in addition
to modulus of elasticity and loss factor.

Results:

One-dimensional (1D) and two-dimensional (2D) models of specimen deformation are
considered. For the 1D deformation model, approximate formulas for calculating the modulus of
elasticity and the loss factor are substantiated and the limits of validity these formulas are outlined.
Improving the accuracy of measurements is also considered. To do this, it is necessary to
fully describe the boundary conditions on the deformable sample. The developed 2D model of
sample deformation made it possible to calculate the elastic modulus form factors for various
samples with axial symmetry.

Conclusion:

The method may become a Standard for measuring viscoelastic properties of materials
(complex elastic and shear modulus, as well as complex Poisson's ratio).
Current Therapeutic Strategies for Food Borne Trematodiases
Authors: Gupta Nidhi , Verma Inderjeet , Singh Hasandeep
Published: June 2024

Food-borne trematodiases are among the neglected tropical diseases caused
due to liver flukes (Clonorchissinensis, Fasciolagigantica, Opisthorchis vivernii), lung
flukes (Paragonimus spp.) and intestinal parasitic flukes (Echinostoma spp.) infections
and is an emerging public health problem. They are mostly found in developing
countries and in areas where they are present, they aggravate poverty. However, they
are no longer being neglected because of their broad geographical distribution, a wide
range of infected people, and measures available to control several neglected tropical
diseases. WHO estimates that every year two million people are suffering from
disability and death due to these neglected diseases. The treatment of food-borne
trematodiases, a neglected disease, is important for preventing the progression of
clinical diseases and reducing the associated morbidity. In the present chapter, we will
discuss the food-borne trematodes’ life cycle, associated symptoms, diagnosis and
various strategies used in treating food-borne trematodiases. Currently used
chemotherapeutic drugs, their safety, therapeutic profile, and resistance developed are
summarized here. Furthermore, emphasis is given to developing a broad-spectrum
trematocidal drug with high safety and efficacy.
Nematode Problems in Medicinal Plants
Authors: Pandey Rakesh , Khan Mujeebur Rahman , Haque Ziaul , Ahmad Irfan
Published: June 2024

Medicinal plants are regularly attacked by the plant parasitic nematodes,
which can seriously harm these crops. However, only a few medicinal plants have been
reported with regard to the extent of crop damage caused by the nematode. Root-knot
nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.), root lesion nematodes (Pratylenchus spp.), and stunt
nematodes (Tylenchorhynchus spp.) are major nematode pests that affect medicinal
plants and significantly reduce their yield. The economically significant medicinal
plants that are infected by nematodes include Ashwagandha (Withania somnifera),
Basil (Ocimum spp.), Brahmi (Bacopa monnieri), Coleus (Coleus forskohlii), Henbanes
(Hyoscyamus sp.), Noni (Morinda citrifolia), Menthol mint (Mentha spp.), Safed Musli
(Chlorophytum borivillianum), etc. In the present chapter, nematode infestation in the
above medicinal plants has been described in detail, and appropriate management
options are suggested to avoid yield losses.
Understanding the U.S. Government: A Guide to Understanding American Government and Elections
Authors: Tarlow Peter E. , Vincent Stephen H.
Published: June 2024

Understanding the U.S. Government: A Guide to Understanding American Government and Elections demystifies the complexities of the United States government, its election processes, and the concept of separation of powers. Written in a question-and-answer format, this book provides essential information for readers interested in American democracy at all levels. The authors compare various ideologies (capitalism, socialism, communism, and fascism) and other facets of U.S. politics that shape conversations about the U.S. Government and influence political policies, while also providing answers to historical questions about the American constitution and Declaration of Independence.

The book answers questions on these topics:

Maintaining personal relations amidst differing political views
Rights and responsibilities of American citizens
Competing political and economic philosophies
The Ins-and-Outs of American democracy
The impact of the media on U.S. Elections
The American political party system
The impact of lobbyists and monetary donations on political decisions and policies
How U.S. elections work
Practical tips for American voters

This book is an informative source of knowledge for anyone seeking a quick understanding of the workings of the U.S. government, the election process, and the intricate balance of political power in America.
Evaluation of comparative efficacy of Ayurvedic Formulation (Nimba-Amalakyadi Powder) as against Metformin in the management of Diabetes Mellitus Type II: A Clinical Trial Protocol (Preprint)
Authors: Sawarkar Punam
Published: June 2024

BACKGROUND

In Ayurveda, Prameha (Diabetes mellitus) is considered Ashtamahagada Vyadhi (One among eight diseases difficult to treat) as difficult to cure. Tridosha (three bio-humor in Ayurveda) with certain metabolic factors are involved in its pathogenesis. Frequent urination is a common symptom of this disease. It can be correlated with Diabetes Mellitus Type II in conventional science due to the resemblance in cardinal features.

OBJECTIVE

The study’s objectives are to assess and compare the efficacy of Ayurvedic Formulation i.e. Nimba Amalakyadi formulation in powder form as against tab Metformin in the management of Diabetes Mellitus Type II.

METHODS

A total of 36 individuals with type II diabetes will be recruited and split into two equal groups at random. In Group A (Control), tab metformin (500mg) will be prescribed daily once before lunch with plain water for consecutive 45 days. In Group B (Interventional group), Nimba-Amalakyadi formulation will be prescribed 5 grams twice daily with an empty stomach i.e. 7 a.m.-5 p.m.) with lukewarm water for consecutive 45 days. Follow-up will be taken on days 45 and 90 to study the sustained effect of the drug.

RESULTS

Changes in the objective parameters, i.e., reductions in Blood Sugar Level (Fasting and postprandial) and Hb A 1 c values of patients will be observed and recorded

CONCLUSIONS

A conclusion will be drawn according to clinical findings obtained at baseline and follow-up visits with biochemical reports of the patients. The trial will prove the comparative efficacy of Nimba Amalakyadi formulation as against tablet Metformin in the management of Diabetes Mellitus Type II.

CLINICALTRIAL

CTRI/2021/08/036034
Ecological Safety and Regional Cooperation in the Asia-Pacific
Authors: Tang Hanyi
Published: June 2024

On August 24, 2023, the discharge of nuclear-contaminated water from Fukushima into the ocean, an action that has sparked widespread concern and apprehension within the international community, particularly among nations in the Asia-Pacific region. This issue transcends mere environmental concerns, touching upon transnational cooperation and regional policy coordination. The strategic significance of the Asia-Pacific region in international studies is underscored by the concentration of multiple national powers engaging in complex strategic games to achieve their respective national interests and objectives. This paper aims to outline the context of nuclear wastewater discharge, analyze the potential environmental risks, and explore the threats to the marine ecological safety of neighboring countries. It discusses how this decision has become both a challenge and an opportunity for cooperation among Asia-Pacific nations in terms of environmental protection and marine ecological safety. Additionally, the paper employs the Graph Model for Conflict Resolution (GMCR) method, based on existing multilateral cooperation frameworks such as regional marine cooperation organizations and international legal norms, to study the challenges and opportunities for regional cooperation in the context of nuclear wastewater discharge. This research may offer insights and guidance for mitigating current threats to marine ecological safety in the Asia-Pacific, and for constructing a more sustainable and resilient regional marine governance structure.