bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
3D MEDICAL IMAGING ANALYSIS, PATIENT-SPECIFIC INSTRUMENTATION AND INDIVIDUALIZED IMPLANT DESIGN, WITH ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING CREATES A NEW PERSONALIZED HIGH TIBIAL OSTEOTOMY TREATMENT OPTION
Authors: BELVEDERE CLAUDIO , MACLEOD ALISDAIR , LEARDINI ALBERTO , GRASSI ALBERTO , FABBRO GIACOMO DAL , ZAFFAGNINI STEFANO , GILL HARINDERJIT SINGH
Published: March 2023

High Tibial Osteotomy is frequently performed to correct varus knees misalignment and thus to prevent end-stage osteoarthritis. Traditional systems lack pre-surgical planning and custom-fit fixation plates. A new 3D printed system has been developed for a personalized surgical procedure. This starts with careful correction planning based on a standard preoperative long leg radiograph and a 3D scan of the knee by Cone-Beam CT, both in weight-bearing. From the latter, a 3D model of the proximal tibia is reconstructed, on which the surgery is planned. This allows the design of the surgical guide and fixation plate to match the tibial surface topology and 3D printed in medical grade titanium alloy using selective-laser-sintering. During surgery, the guided osteotomy and controlled opening mechanism ensure an accurate correction; this is stabilized with the custom-fit plate secured to the proximal tibia using locking screws of appropriate length. After a brief learning curve, the mean discrepancy between the plan and the achieved alignment was [Formula: see text]. The surgical time was reduced by an average of approximately 30%. From medical imaging of the patient to product delivery to the hospital, the overall timeframe was about 15 days.
A CARDIAC MOTION MODEL TO EVALUATE INTRA-FRACTION DOSIMETRIC VARIATIONS IN RADIOTHERAPY TREATMENTS
Authors: MAFFEI NICOLA , MEDURI BRUNO , ITTA FRANCESCA , NAVEED ASHRAF , GUTIERREZ MARIA VICTORIA , D’ANGELO ELISA , MAZZEO ERCOLE , LOHR FRANK , GUIDI GABRIELE
Published: March 2023

Purpose: A cardiac cycle model was implemented to simulate cardiac motion during radiotherapy to evaluate the intra-fraction dosimetric impact on cardiac sub-structures comparing different planning techniques. Methods: Cardiac sub-structures were automatically contoured in 10 CTs acquired in deep inspiration breath hold (DIBH) by using a recently developed hierarchical-clustering atlas-based algorithm. A deformable image registration algorithm was used to simulate the cardiac motion cycle based on volume variations available in the literature. Two synthetic CTs were created and contoured simulating contraction and expansion during the cardiac cycle. Ninety radiotherapy plans were calculated using three radiotherapy paradigms: tangential fields planned as Linac-3D-CRT with a steep linear dose gradient toward the heart-modulated therapy with an intermediately steep concave gradient of intermediate-to-high doses toward the heart, planned as Linac-VMAT; modulated therapy with a steep concave gradient of intermediate-to-high doses toward the heart, planned as helical tomotherapy. Python scripts were developed for autocontouring, automatic creation of synthetic CTs and data extraction. Results: Comparison between paradigms shows that different constraints (maximal gradient toward heart/lung versus maximal sparing of contralateral breast/axilla) do not necessarily result in preferred or reduced heart sparing, but this depends more on individual anatomy. A planning paradigm with an intermediate-steepness dose gradient showed the best robustness against intra-fraction organ motion. Conclusions: Patient-specific organ motion models may reduce differences between planned and delivered RT and may thus help to refine dose–volume–toxicity models for cardiac sub-structures and, as a consequence, clinical constraints. Automatized plan recalculation on synthetic image sets might be used for robustness optimization and evaluation.
Quantum discord dynamics of the GHZ state in Markovian environments
Authors: Xue Dan , Bai Ming-Qiang , Tang Liang , Xiong Si-Ting , Mo Zhi-Wen
Published: March 2023

In quantum mechanics, quantum discord is a valuable quantum resource. As a generalization of the initial quantum discord, the multipartite quantum discord (MQD) exhibits excellent properties in the complete monogamy relation. In this paper, the dynamics of MQD are investigated for the Greenberger–Horne–Zeilinger (GHZ) state in Markovian environments. More specifically, it indicates that MQD of the GHZ state drops significantly over time in the depolarizing noise channel. Interestingly, quantum decoherence has no influence on MQD of the GHZ state in the Pauli channel [Formula: see text]. Subsequently, the analytical formulas of MQD are derived with six parameters in the Pauli channels [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text], respectively. This is conducive to more efficient use of the GHZ state for various quantum tasks.
Immune modulations of the tumor microenvironment in response to phototherapy
Authors: Valerio Trisha I. , Furrer Coline L. , Sadeghipour Negar , Patrock Sophia-Joy X. , Tillery Sayre A. , Hoover Ashley R. , Liu Kaili , Chen Wei R.
Published: March 2023

The tumor microenvironment (TME) promotes pro-tumor and anti-inflammatory metabolisms and suppresses the host immune system. It prevents immune cells from fighting against cancer effectively, resulting in limited efficacy of many current cancer treatment modalities. Different therapies aim to overcome the immunosuppressive TME by combining various approaches to synergize their effects for enhanced anti-tumor activity and augmented stimulation of the immune system. Immunotherapy has become a major therapeutic strategy because it unleashes the power of the immune system by activating, enhancing, and directing immune responses to prevent, control, and eliminate cancer. Phototherapy uses light irradiation to induce tumor cell death through photothermal, photochemical, and photo-immunological interactions. Phototherapy induces tumor immunogenic cell death, which is a precursor and enhancer for anti-tumor immunity. However, phototherapy alone has limited effects on long-term and systemic anti-tumor immune responses. Phototherapy can be combined with immunotherapy to improve the tumoricidal effect by killing target tumor cells, enhancing immune cell infiltration in tumors, and rewiring pathways in the TME from anti-inflammatory to pro-inflammatory. Phototherapy-enhanced immunotherapy triggers effective cooperation between innate and adaptive immunities, specifically targeting the tumor cells, whether they are localized or distant.

Herein, the successes and limitations of phototherapy combined with other cancer treatment modalities will be discussed. Specifically, we will review the synergistic effects of phototherapy combined with different cancer therapies on tumor elimination and remodeling of the immunosuppressive TME. Overall, phototherapy, in combination with other therapeutic modalities, can establish anti-tumor pro-inflammatory phenotypes in activated tumor-infiltrating T cells and B cells and activate systemic anti-tumor immune responses.
Towards a Greater Understanding of Coordinated Vulnerability Disclosure Policy Documents
Authors: Walshe Thomas , Simpson Andrew
Published: March 2023

Bug bounty programmes and vulnerability disclosure programmes, collectively referred to as Coordinated Vulnerability Disclosure (CVD) programmes, open up an organisation’s assets to the inquisitive gaze of (often eager) white-hat hackers. Motivated by the question
What information do organisations convey to hackers through public CVD policy documents?
, we aim to better understand the information available to hackers wishing to participate in the search for vulnerabilities. As such, in this article we consider three key issues. First, to address the differences in the legal language communicated to hackers, it is necessary to understand the formal constraints by which hackers must abide. Second, it is beneficial to understand the variation that exists in the informal constraints that are communicated to hackers through a variety of institutional elements. Third, for organisations wishing to better understand the commonplace elements that form current policy documents, we offer broad analysis of the components frequently included therein and identify gaps in programme policies.

We report the results of a quantitative study, leveraging deep learning based natural language processing models, providing insights into the policy documents that accompany the CVD programmes of thousands of organisations, covering both stand-alone programmes and those hosted on 13 bug bounty programmes. We found that organisations often inadequately convey the formal constraints that are applicable to hackers, requiring hackers to have a deep understanding of the laws that underpin safe and legal security research. Furthermore, a lack of standardisation across similar policy components is prevalent, and may lead to a decreased understanding of the informal constraints placed upon hackers when searching for and disclosing vulnerabilities. Analysis of the institutional elements included in the policy documents of organisations reveals insufficient inclusion of many key components. Namely, legal information and information pertaining to restrictions on the backgrounds of hackers is found to be absent in a majority of policies analysed. Finally, to assist ongoing research, we provide novel annotated policy datasets that include human-labelled annotations at both the sentence and paragraph level, covering a broad range of CVD programme backgrounds.
A canine model of chronic ischemic heart failure
Authors: Khan Muhammad S. , Smego Douglas , Ishidoya Yuki , Hirahara Annie M. , Offei Emmanuel , Ruiz Castillo Martha S. , Gharbia Omar , Li Hui , Palatinus Joseph A. , Krueger Lauren , Hong TingTing , Hoareau Guillaume L. , Ranjan Ravi , Selzman Craig H. , Shaw Robin M. , Dosdall Derek J.
Published: March 2023

The novel total left anterior descending devascularization (TLD) approach in a canine ischemic heart failure model limits collateral flow in the ischemic zone and provides excellent early survival and repeatable development of chronic ischemic heart failure in the canine heart. This work provides a consistent large animal model for investigating heart failure mechanisms and testing novel therapeutics.
Intrusion Detection-Data Security Protection Scheme Based on Particle Swarm-BP Network Algorithm in Cloud Computing Environment
Authors: Wang Zhun , Chen Xue
Published: March 2023

Aiming at the problems of low detection rate and high false detection rate of intrusion detection algorithms in the traditional cloud computing environment, an intrusion detection-data security protection scheme based on particle swarm-BP network algorithm in a cloud computing environment is proposed. First, based on the four modules of data collection, data preprocessing, feature selection, and intrusion detection, the overall framework of the intrusion detection model is constructed by designing corresponding functions. Then, by introducing the decision tree algorithm, the overfitting is reduced and the data processing speed of the model is improved, and on this basis, the feature selection is carried out through the “gain rate” optimization method, which reduces the redundant information of the feature vector. Finally, by introducing the Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm into the optimization of the initial weights and thresholds of the BP neural network, the BP neural network is improved based on the momentum factor and adaptive learning rate, and the high detection rate and low false detection rate are realized. Through simulation experiments, the proposed intrusion detection method and the other three methods are compared and analyzed under the same conditions. The results show that the detection rate and false detection rate of the method proposed in this paper are the best under five different types of sample data, the highest detection rate reaches 95.72%, and the lowest false detection rate drops to 2.03%. The performance of the proposed algorithm is better than that of the other two comparison algorithms.
Numerical Investigation on the Thermal Protection Characteristics of a New Active Jet Design Parameter for Hypersonic Flight Vehicle
Authors: Tian Songyan , Duan Yanhui , Chen Hongbo
Published: March 2023

This study investigated the thermal protection performance of an active jet thermal protection system (PRsAJ-TPS) based on a new jet design parameter PRs for hypersonic flight vehicles (HFVs). The new parameter PRs is defined as the relationship between the jet flow total pressure and the free flow total pressure behind the outer bow shock. A 20° tilted nozzle design is employed together with the PRs to form the PRsAJ-TPS. Theoretical and numerical analysis is performed to prove the advantages of using the PRs. A conventional in-house CFD solver with the

k
‐
ω

SST turbulence model is utilized to perform the calculation. The influence of different PRs (working in the short penetration mode) and flight angles of attack on the performance of the PRsAJ-TPS is also studied. The simulation results confirmed that with a constant PRs, the Mach disk location stays the same and the normalized heat flux reduction is similar at different flight conditions. Nearly linear relationships exist between the new design parameter PRs and thermal protection performance indicators. The PRsAJ-TPS also exhibits good protection when flight angle of attack (AoA) varies between 0° and 40°, with the best results achieved at

AoA
=

0

°

. This study provides valuable information for the engineering application of the jet-based TPS to future HFVs.
Demographic and Histopathological Evaluation in 71 Patients Diagnosed with Dissecting Cellulitis of the Scalp
Authors: Ehsani Amir Hooshang , Yolme Hesal , Akhavan Sabagh Mahsa , Azhari Vahideh , Kianfar Nika , Aryanian Zeinab
Published: March 2023

Background. Dissecting cellulitis of the scalp (DCS) is a recurrent condition in the hair follicle, resulting in permanent alopecia. Objective. We aimed to report the demographic and histopathologic characteristics in patients with dissecting cellulitis. Materials and Methods. We designed a cross‐sectional study of patients with DCS who attended the Razi Dermatology Hospital from 2015 to 2019. Results. Seventy‐one patients with a female to male ratio of 1 : 10 were recruited. The mean age of the patients was 21.6 years old (range: 13–69). Of them, 77.5% were younger than 32 years. The mean disease duration was 14 months (range: 3–84). Longer disease duration caused more severe disease (p value < 0.001). However, age and disease severity were not associated (p value > 0.05). Comorbidity with head and neck acne was found in 29 patients: the age of 28 patients was less than 32 years, which showed acne was associated with younger patients (p value < 0.001). Concerning the histopathological findings, the most frequent one was lymphoplasma cell infiltration in 90% of the specimens, followed by neutrophilic infiltration in 79%, irregular fibrosis in 66%, granulation tissue in 56%, folliculitis in 49%, deep dermal involvement in 49%, and granuloma in 38% of the cases. Conclusion. DCS was more frequent in men, and it was a disease of youth (second and third decades of life). Head and neck acne has concomitance with the disease, especially in young patients.
Research and Construction of a Global Hexagonal Marine Gravity Gradient Reference Map for Navigation
Authors: Yan Huang , Shanshan Li , Chuyuan Zhou , Xinxing Li , Minghao Lv , Diao Fan , Xuli Tan , Aoming Wang
Published: March 2023

A high-precision marine gravity gradient reference map is key to enabling underwater gravity gradient matching navigation. At present, the construction of the reference maps is based on quadrilateral geographic grids. However, quadrilateral grids lead to detriangulation at high latitudes, which limits the global applicability of such maps to underwater gravity navigation. To circumvent the limitations of quadrilateral grids, a hexagonal grid is introduced for constructing the reference map. This paper analyzes the characteristics of the icosahedral Snyder equal area aperture 4 hexagon (ISEA4H) and H3 grid systems and selects an appropriate grid system. In addition, we calculate and analyze the grid model errors and matching positioning errors of hexagonal and quadrilateral grids at the same resolution. The experimental results show that the grid model and matching positioning errors of a hexagonal grid system are more than 14% and 15% less than those of a quadrilateral grid system, respectively, indicating the feasibility and effectiveness of applying hexagonal grids to gravity gradient matching navigation. Given the low construction efficiency of a marine hexagonal grid gravity gradient reference map, we propose an efficient CPU+GPU hybrid parallel scheme. A global total tensor marine hexagonal grid gravity gradient reference map model is then constructed.
Multiple Solutions for a p (x)-Laplacian Problem: A Variational Approach
Authors: Khosravi Rashti Mahnaz , Alimohammady Mohsen , Ghobadi Sirous
Published: March 2023

We focus on an anisotropic p (x)-Laplacian equation defined on a bounded domain with smooth boundary. Moreover, using variational methods to find the existence of at least three solutions due to Ricceri is discussed.
Flood Susceptibility Mapping Using Image‐Based 2D‐CNN Deep Learning: Overview and Case Study Application Using Multiparametric Spatial Data in Data‐Scarce Urban Environments
Authors: Ouma Yashon O. , Omai Lawrence
Published: March 2023

This study presents results for urban flood susceptibility mapping (FSM) using image‐based 2D‐convolutional neural networks (2D‐CNN). The model input multiparametric spatial data comprised of land‐useland‐cover (LULC), digital elevation model (DEM), and the topographic and hydrologic conditioning derivatives, precipitation, and soil types. The implemented dropout regularization 2D‐CNN with ReLU activation function, categorical cross‐entropy loss function, and AdaGrad optimizer produced the case study area FSM with overall accuracy (OA) of 82.5%. The image‐based 2D‐CNN outperformed the multilayer perceptron (MLP) neural network by 18.4% in terms of overall accuracy and with corresponding lower MAE and higher F1‐measures of 10.9% and 0.989, as compared to 25.6% and 0.877, respectively, for MLP‐ANN results. The accuracy of the 2D‐CNN that produced FSM map and the model efficiency were evaluated using area under the ROC curve (AUC) with respective success and prediction rates of 0.827 and 0.809. Using image‐based 2D‐CNN, 27% of the 247.7 km2 of the studied area was mapped with a high risk of flooding, with MLP‐ANN overestimating the degree of high flood risk by 4.7%. Based on the gain ratio index analysis of the flood conditioning factors (FCFs), the most significant FCFs were LULC (18.5%), precipitation (14.9%), proximity to river (13.3%), and elevation (12.4%). Soil types contributed 8.6%, slope 9.1%, and the DEM‐derived hodological conditioning indicators contributed 23.2%. The study results demonstrate that in urban areas with scarce hydrological monitoring networks, the use of image‐based 2D‐CNN with multiparametric spatial data can produce high‐quality flood susceptibility maps for flood management in urban environments.
Grass-Shaped Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Synthesized by the Sol-Gel Process and Their Antagonistic Properties towards the Biotrophic Parasite, Meloidogyne incognita
Authors: Khan Amir , Ali Khan Azmat , Jameel Mohd , Farhan Khan Mohd , Khan Masudulla , Khan Arshad , Ahmad Faheem , Alam Mahboob
Published: March 2023

The presence of Meloidogyne spp., also known as root-knot nematodes, presents a significant danger to global agricultural progress. Since chemical nematicides have high levels of toxicity, it is imperative to develop environmentally friendly methods to manage root-knot nematodes. Nanotechnology is now the most progressive way to attract researchers due to its innovative quality in combating plant diseases. Our study focused on the sol-gel process to synthesize grass-shaped zinc oxide nanoparticles (G-ZnO NPs) and assess its nematicidal behavior against Meloidogyne incognita. Various concentrations (250, 500, 750, and 1000 ppm) of G-ZnO NPs were utilized to expose both the infectious stage (J2s) and egg masses of M. incognita. Laboratory results revealed that G-ZnO NPs showed toxicity to J2s with LC50 values of 1352.96, 969.64, and 621.53 ppm at 12, 24, and 36 hours, respectively, and the result was the inhibition of egg hatching in M. incognita. All three exposure periods were reported linked with the concentration strength of G-ZnO NPs. The pot experiment results exhibited that G-ZnO NPs significantly reduced the root-gall infection of chickpea plants under M. incognita attack. Compared with the untreated control, there was a significant improvement in plant growth attributes and physiological parameters as well, when distinct G-ZnO NP doses (250, 500, 750, and 1000 ppm) were applied. In the pot study, we noticed a reduction in the root-gall index with an increase in the concentration of G-ZnO NPs. The results confirmed that G-ZnO NPs have enormous potential in sustainable agriculture for controlling the root-knot nematode, M. incognita, in chickpea production.
Upregulation of Biomarker Limd1 Was Correlated with Immune Infiltration in Doxorubicin-Related Cardiotoxicity
Authors: Zhang Rui , Hao Chunshu , Ji Zhenjun , Qu Yangyang , Zuo Wenjie , Yang Mingming , Zuo Pengfei , Carvalho Abdlay , Ma Genshan , Li Yongjun
Published: March 2023

Doxorubicin is one of the most common antitumor drugs. However, cardiotoxicity’s side effect limits its clinical applicability. In the present study, Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) datasets were applied to reanalyze differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and construct weighted correlation network analysis (WGCNA) modules of doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity in wild-type mice. Several other bioinformatics analyses were performed to pick out the hub gene, and then the correlation between the hub gene and immune infiltration was evaluated. In total, 120 DEGs were discovered in a mouse model of doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity, and PF-04217903, propranolol, azithromycin, etc. were found to be potential drugs against this pathological condition. Among all the DEGs, 14 were further screened out by WGCNA modules, of which Limd1 was upregulated and finally regarded as the hub gene after being validated in other GEO datasets. Limd1 was upregulated in the peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) of the rat model, and the area under curve (AUC) of the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) in diagnosing cardiotoxicity was 0.847. The GSEA and PPI networks revealed a potential immunocyte regulatory role of Limd1 in cardiotoxicity. The proportion of “dendritic cells activated” in the heart was significantly elevated, while “macrophage M1” and “monocytes” declined after in vivo doxorubicin application. Finally, Limd1 expression was significantly positively correlated with “dendritic cells activation’ and negatively correlated with “monocytes” and “macrophages M1’. In summary, our results suggested that limd1 is a valuable biomarker and a potential inflammation regulator in doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity.
Green Energy: An Ideal Energy Solution for Sustainable Development of Afar Region, Ethiopia
Authors: Anshebo Getachew Alemu , Gebreyohanes Ataklti Abraha , Dessie Bizuayehu Bogale
Published: March 2023

Green energy is the primary concern for the sustainable development of Ethiopia’s Afar region. The study’s goals are to present scientific evidence of the Afar region’s energy potential to researchers and industry sectors. We used solar shortwave, radiation transfer model, miniscale meteorological model for the Weather Research Forecast (WRF), and spatial and temporal simulation as research techniques. The data show that the Afar region has an energy potential of 239.9 W/m2 average solar radiation flux, 2.102 MW·h/m2 average annual solar density, 131.18 W/m2 average wind power density at

h
=
10
 
m

, and 204.5 W/m2 average wind power density at

h
=
50
 
m

. We discovered that solar energy and wind energy are potential energy sources in the Afar region for energy consumption such as solar cooking, solar lighting, and small DC applications.
Associations between MICA and MICB Genetic Variants, Protein Levels, and Colorectal Cancer: Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC)
Authors: Wang Shuo , Onyeaghala Guillaume C. , Pankratz Nathan , Nelson Heather H. , Thyagarajan Bharat , Tang Weihong , Norby Faye L. , Ugoji Chinenye , Joshu Corinne E. , Gomez Christian R. , Couper David J. , Coresh Josef , Platz Elizabeth A. , Prizment Anna E.
Published: March 2023

Background:

The MHC class I chain-related protein A (MICA) and protein B (MICB) participate in tumor immunosurveillance and may be important in colorectal cancer, but have not been examined in colorectal cancer development.

Methods:

sMICA and sMICB blood levels were measured by SomaScan in Visit 2 (1990–92, baseline) and Visit 3 (1993–95) samples in cancer-free participants in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study. We selected rs1051792, rs1063635, rs2516448, rs3763288, rs1131896, rs2596542, and rs2395029 that were located in or in the vicinity of MICA or MICB and were associated with cancer or autoimmune diseases in published studies. SNPs were genotyped by the Affymetrix Genome-Wide Human SNP Array. We applied linear and Cox proportional hazards regressions to examine the associations of preselected SNPs with sMICA and sMICB levels and colorectal cancer risk (236 colorectal cancers, 8,609 participants) and of sMICA and sMICB levels with colorectal cancer risk (312 colorectal cancers, 10,834 participants). In genetic analyses, estimates adjusted for ancestry markers were meta-analyzed.

Results:

Rs1051792-A, rs1063635-A, rs2516448-C, rs3763288-A, rs2596542-T, and rs2395029-G were significantly associated with decreased sMICA levels. Rs2395029-G, in the vicinity of MICA and MICB, was also associated with increased sMICB levels. Rs2596542-T was significantly associated with decreased colorectal cancer risk. Lower sMICA levels were associated with lower colorectal cancer risk in males (HR = 0.68; 95% confidence interval, 0.49–0.96) but not in females (Pinteraction = 0.08).

Conclusions:

Rs2596542-T associated with lower sMICA levels was associated with decreased colorectal cancer risk. Lower sMICA levels were associated with lower colorectal cancer risk in males.

Impact:

These findings support an importance of immunosurveillance in colorectal cancer.
Recruiting African American Prostate Cancer Survivors for a Population-based Biobank Study
Authors: Li Xiaoyin , Roy Siddhartha , Damonte Jennifer , Park Hyun Y. , Hoogland Aasha I. , Jamison Kala , Komrokji Khaled R. , Yeo Chang Dong , Kim Youngchul , Dhillon Jasreman , Gudenkauf Lisa M. , Oswald Laura B. , Jim Heather S.L. , Yamoah Kosj , Pow-Sang Julio M. , Kanetsky Peter A. , Gwede Clement K. , Park Jong Y. , Gonzalez Brian D.
Published: March 2023

Background:

Prostate cancer affects African American men disproportionately compared with men of other racial/ethnic groups. To identify biological bases for this health disparity, we sought to create a state-wide biobank of African American prostate cancer survivors in Florida.

Methods:

African American men diagnosed with prostate cancer between 2013 and 2017 and living in Florida at diagnosis were identified through the State of Florida's cancer registry. Individuals were approached via mail and telephone, assessed for eligibility, and asked for informed consent. χ2 and t tests were conducted to identify differences between eligible and reachable individuals (i.e., had valid contact information) versus consented participants.

Results:

Of the 5,960 eligible and reachable individuals, 3,904 were eligible and contacted at least once, and 578 consented [overall consent rate = 10% (578/5,960); adjusted consent rate = 15% (578/3,904)]. Statistically significant (Ps < 0.05) but small differences in demographic and clinical variables were observed. Consented participants were less likely to be older than 64 (35% vs. 41%) and less likely to have received radiotherapy (36% vs. 41%) and hormone therapy (16% vs. 21%), but more likely to have regional prostate cancer (13% vs. 11%) and have undergone surgery (44% vs. 39%). Consented participants did not differ from reachable individuals on other demographic and clinical factors (Ps > 0.05).

Conclusions:

Recruiting African American prostate cancer survivors to biobanking research through a cancer registry is feasible. However, the consent rate was low, and existing challenges limit consent and participation.

Impact:

Strategies for overcoming barriers to informed consent and increasing participation in biospecimen research are needed to address cancer disparities.
Efficacy of the Outsmart HPV Intervention: A Randomized Controlled Trial to Increase HPV Vaccination among Young Gay, Bisexual, and Other Men Who Have Sex with Men
Authors: Reiter Paul L. , Gower Amy L. , Kiss Dale E. , Shoben Abigail B. , Katz Mira L. , Bauermeister José A. , Paskett Electra D. , McRee Annie-Laurie
Published: March 2023

Background:

Routine human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination is recommended for young adults, yet many young gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men (YGBMSM) remain unvaccinated. We report the efficacy of Outsmart HPV, a web-based HPV vaccination intervention for YGBMSM.

Methods:

From 2019 to 2021, we recruited YGBMSM in the United States who were ages 18–25 and unvaccinated against HPV (n = 1,227). Participants were randomized to receive either: (i) Outsmart HPV content online and monthly interactive text reminders (interactive group); (ii) Outsmart HPV content online and monthly unidirectional text reminders (unidirectional group); or (iii) standard information online about HPV vaccine (control group). Regression models compared study groups on HPV vaccination outcomes.

Results:

Overall, 33% of participants reported initiating the HPV vaccine series and 7% reported series completion. Initiation was more common among participants in the interactive group compared with the control group [odds ratio (OR) = 1.47, 98.3% confidence interval (CI): 1.03–2.11]. Completion was more common among participants in both the interactive group (OR = 3.70, 98.3% CI: 1.75–7.83) and unidirectional group (OR = 2.26, 98.3% CI: 1.02–5.00) compared with the control group. Participants who received Outsmart HPV content reported higher levels of satisfaction with online content compared with the control group.

Conclusions:

Outsmart HPV is an efficacious and acceptable HPV vaccination intervention for YGBMSM. Future efforts are needed to determine how to optimize the intervention and disseminate it to settings that provide services to YGBMSM.

Impact:

Outsmart HPV is a promising tool for increasing HPV vaccination among YGBMSM with the potential for wide dissemination.
Downregulation of BASP1 Promotes Temozolomide Resistance in Gliomas via Epigenetic Activation of the FBXO32/NF-κB/MGMT Axis
Authors: Liao Xinyi , Li Ziwen , Zheng Haiqing , Qian Wanying , Zhang Shuxia , Chen Suwen , Li Xincheng , Tang Miaoling , Xu Yingru , Yu Ruyuan , Li Man , Song Libing , Li Jun
Published: March 2023

The chemoresistance of temozolomide-based therapy is a serious limitation for lasting effective treatment of gliomas, while the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, we showed that downregulation of BASP1 correlated negatively with the response to temozolomide therapy and disease-free survival (DFS) of patients with gliomas. Silencing BASP1 significantly enhanced the temozolomide resistance of glioma cells both in vitro and in vivo through repair of temozolomide-induced DNA damage via activation of the FBXO32/NF-κB/MGMT axis in both MGMT-methylated and -unmethylated gliomas. We demonstrated that loss of BASP1 resulted in removal of TRIM37/EZH2 complex–induced repressive histone modifications, including H2A-ub and H3K27me3, but addition of WDR5/MLL complex–mediated active histone modifications, including H3K4me3 and H3K9ac, on the FBXO32 promoter, which elicited in FBXO32 upregulation and further activated NF-κB/MGMT signaling via ubiquitin-dependent degradation of IκBα. Importantly, treatment with OICR-9429, an antagonist of the WDR5–MLL interaction, impaired the FBXO32/NF-κB/MGMT axis–mediated repair of temozolomide-induced DNA damage, leading to significant apoptosis of BASP1-downregulated glioma cells. These findings shed light on the molecular mechanism underlying BASP1-mediated epigenetic transcriptional repression and may represent a potential strategy in the fight against temozolomide-resistant gliomas.

Implications:

BASP1 downregulation promotes temozolomide resistance in gliomas through WDR5/MLL complex–mediated epigenetic activation of the FBXO32/NF-κB/MGMT axis, providing new target for improving outcomes in patients with temozolomide-resistant gliomas.
Prognosis of Patients with Acute Kidney Injury due to Type 1 Cardiorenal Syndrome Receiving Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy
Authors: Watanabe Yusuke , Inoue Tsutomu , Nakano Shintaro , Okada Hirokazu
Published: March 2023

Introduction: The prognosis of patients with acute kidney injury (AKI) caused by type 1 cardiorenal syndrome (CRS) requiring continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) is unclear. We investigated the in-hospital mortality and prognostic factors in these patients. Methods: We retrospectively identified 154 consecutive adult patients who received CRRT for AKI caused by type 1 CRS between January 1, 2013, and December 31, 2019. We excluded patients who underwent cardiovascular surgery and those with stage 5 chronic kidney disease. The primary outcome was in-hospital mortality. Cox proportional hazards analysis was performed to analyze independent predictors of in-hospital mortality. Results: The median age of patients at admission was 74.0 years (interquartile range: 63.0–80.0); 70.8% were male. The in-hospital mortality rate was 68.2%. Age ≥80 years (hazard ratio [HR], 1.87; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.21–2.87; p = 0.004), previous hospitalization for acute heart failure (HR, 1.67; 95% CI, 1.13–2.46; p = 0.01), vasopressor or inotrope use (HR, 5.88; 95% CI, 1.43–24.1; p = 0.014), and mechanical ventilation at CRRT initiation (HR, 2.24; 95% CI, 1.46–3.45; p < 0.001) were associated with in-hospital mortality. Conclusion: In our single-center study, the use of CRRT for AKI due to type 1 CRS was associated with high in-hospital mortality.
Outcomes of Left Main Revascularization in Patients with Anemia: Gulf Left Main Registry
Authors: Daoulah Amin , Jameel Naser Maryam , Hersi Ahmad , Yousif Nooraldaem , Alasmari Abdulaziz , Almahmeed Wael , AlZahrani Hazza A. , Aljohar Alwaleed , Alshehri Mohammed , Alzahrani Badr , Basudan Duna , Alosaimi Hind , Abuelatta Reda , Al Garni Turki , Ghani Mohamed Ajaz , Amin Haitham , Noor Husam A. , Hashmani Shahrukh , Al Nasser Faisal Omar M. , Kazim Hameedullah M. , Wael Refaat Wael Refaat , Selim Ehab , Jamjoom Ahmed , El-Sayed Osama , Hassan Taher , Dahdouh Ziad , Aithal Jairam , Diab Ahmed , Ibrahim Ahmed M. , Elganady Abdelmaksoud , Qutub Mohammed A. , Alama Mohamed N. , Abohasan Abdulwali , Tawfik Wael , Balghith Mohammed , Abualnaja Seraj , Fathey Hussien Adnan , Abdulhabeeb Ibrahim A.M. , Ahmad Osama , Ramadan Mohamed , Alqahtani Abdulrahman H. , Al Samadi Faisal , Qenawi Wael , Shawky Ahmed , Ghonim Ahmed A. , Arafat Amr A. , Elmahrouk Ahmed , Elmahrouk Youssef , Hiremath Niranjan , Shawky Abeer M. , Asrar Farhan M. , Farghali Tarek , Altnji Issam , Aljohani Khalid , Alotaiby Mohammed , Alqahtani Abdulrahman M. , Lotfi Amir
Published: March 2023

Introduction: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of baseline anemia and anemia following revascularization on outcomes in patients with unprotected left main coronary artery (ULMCA) disease. Methods: This was a retrospective, multicenter, observational study conducted between January 2015 and December 2019. The data on patients with ULMCA who underwent revascularization through percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) or coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) were stratified by the hemoglobin level at baseline into anemic and non-anemic groups to compare in-hospital events. The pre-discharge hemoglobin following revascularization was categorized into very low (<80 g/L for men and women), low (≥80 and ≤119 g/L for women and ≤129 g/L for men), and normal (≥130 g/L for men and ≥120 g/L for women) to assess impact on follow-up outcomes. Results: A total of 2,138 patients were included, 796 (37.2%) of whom had anemia at baseline. A total of 319 developed anemia after revascularization and moved from being non-anemic at baseline to anemic at discharge. There was no difference in hospital major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular event (MACCE) and mortality between CABG and PCI in anemic patients. At a median follow-up time of 20 months (interquartile range [IQR]: 27), patients with pre-discharge anemia who underwent PCI had a higher incidence of congestive heart failure (CHF) (p < 0.0001), and those who underwent CABG had significantly higher follow-up mortality (HR: 9.85 (95% CI: 2.53–38.43), p = 0.001). Conclusion: In this Gulf LM study, baseline anemia had no impact upon in-hospital MACCE and total mortality following revascularization (PCI or CABG). However, pre-discharge anemia is associated with worse outcomes after ULMCA disease revascularization, with significantly higher all-cause mortality in patients who had CABG, and a higher incidence of CHF in PCI patients, at a median follow-up time of 20 months (IQR: 27).
Significance of Multinucleated Polyploidization of Tubular Epithelial Cells in Kidney Allografts
Authors: Kounoue Noriyuki , Oguchi Hideyo , Tochigi Naobumi , Mikami Tetuo , Yamaguchi Yutaka , Honda Kazuho , Yonekura Takashi , Muramatsu Masaki , Itabashi Yoshihiro , Sakai Ken
Published: March 2023

Introduction: Multinucleated polyploidization (MNP) of tubular epithelial cells is occasionally observed in kidney allografts. The present study aimed to clarify the clinical and pathological significance of MNP of tubular epithelial cells in kidney allografts. Methods: Fifty-eight 1-year biopsies from 58 patients who underwent kidney transplantation at our hospital from January 2016 to December 2017 were included. MNP was counted in each specimen, and the specimens were divided into two groups by the median value. The differences in clinical and pathological characteristics were compared. Ki67-positive cells were counted among tubular epithelial cells to explore the association between cell cycle and MNP. In an additional cohort, MNP was compared between biopsies after precedent T-cell-mediated rejection and precedent medullary ray injury. Results: The 58 cases were divided into two groups by the median total amount of MNP: group A (MNP > 3) and group B (MNP ≤ 3). Maximum t-score before the 1-year biopsy was significantly higher in group A compared with group B. Other clinical or histological characteristics did not differ significantly. Total amount of Ki67-positive tubular epithelial cells was significantly correlated with total amount of MNP. Significantly higher amount of MNP was observed in cases with precedent T-cell-mediated rejection compared with precedent medullary ray injury. On receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, the cut-off value of MNP to predict precedent T-cell-mediated rejection was 8.5. Conclusions: MNP in tubular epithelial cells reflects prior tubular inflammation in kidney allografts. High amount of MNP indicates precedent T-cell-mediated rejection rather than precedent medullary ray injury caused by nonimmune etiologies.
Current Status and Perspectives on Recurrent IgA Nephropathy after Kidney Transplantation
Authors: Kawabe Mayuko , Yamamoto Izumi
Published: March 2023

IgA nephropathy (IgAN) is the most common form of glomerulonephritis worldwide. IgAN progresses to end-stage kidney disease in 20–40% of patients within 20 years of diagnosis. Kidney transplantation is the most effective option for patients with end-stage kidney disease caused by IgAN, but recurrence can occur in the transplanted kidney. The IgAN recurrence rate varies from 1% to 10% per year and varies according to the follow-up period, diagnostic modality, and biopsy criteria. Of note, studies based on protocol biopsies have reported a higher incidence of recurrence, which also occurred earlier after transplantation. In addition, recent data show that recurrence of IgAN is a more significant cause of allograft failure than previously believed. Little is known about the pathophysiology of IgAN recurrence, but several potential biomarkers have been investigated. Among them, galactose-deficient IgA1 (Gd-IgA1), IgG anti-Gd-IgA1 antibodies, and soluble CD89 could play a pivotal role in disease activity. This review aims to describe the current status of recurrent IgAN, including the incidence, clinical characteristics, risk factors, and future perspectives, with a focus on the available therapeutic approaches.
Os gestos e a direção do olhar em uma narrativa multimodal: Uma análise sobre a comunicação não-verbal
Authors: Lisboa André , Avelar Maíra
Published: March 2023

Este trabalho propõe analisar uma narrativa multimodal à luz dos estudos em comunicação não-verbal, considerando os gestos manuais e a direção do olhar. O trabalho é ancorado nos Estudos em Gesto e em Direção do Olhar (SWEETSER; STEC, 2016) e sua relação com a Linguística Cognitiva. A fim de demonstrar como se configuram esses articuladores em contextos narrativos no português brasileiro, selecionamos uma narrativa multimodal do “Que História é Essa, Porchat?”, do GNT. Visualizamos o nível de engajamento dos interactantes a partir dos mecanismos gestuais e a relação estabelecida com os mecanismos linguísticos e, ainda, com os mecanismos de segmentação da direção do olhar.
Chronic Hypertension in Pregnancy: A Lens Into Cardiovascular Disease Risk and Prevention
Authors: Cameron Natalie A. , Everitt Ian K. , Lee Kristen A. , Yee Lynn M. , Khan Sadiya S.
Published: March 2023

Hypertension is a major, modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD) in the United States. Over the past decade, the prevalence of chronic hypertension (CHTN) during pregnancy has nearly doubled with persistent race- and place-based disparities. Blood pressure elevations are of particular concern during pregnancy given higher risk of maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality, as well as higher lifetime risk of CVD in birthing individuals with CHTN. When identified during pregnancy, CHTN can, therefore, serve as a lens into CVD risk, as well as a modifiable target to mitigate cardiovascular risk throughout the life course. Health services and public health interventions that equitably promote cardiovascular health during the peripartum period could have an important impact on preventing CHTN and reducing lifetime risk of CVD. This review will summarize the epidemiology and guidelines for the diagnosis and management of CHTN in pregnancy; describe the current evidence for associations between CHTN, adverse pregnancy outcomes, and CVD; and identify opportunities for peripartum care to equitably reduce hypertension and CVD risk throughout the life course.
Making the (Letter) Grade: The Incentive Effects of Mandatory Pass/Fail Courses
Authors: Butcher Kristin , McEwan Patrick J. , Weerapana Akila
Published: March 2023

In fall 2014, Wellesley College began mandating pass/fail grading for courses taken by first-year, first-semester students, although instructors continued to record letter grades. We identify the causal effect of the policy on course choice and performance, using a regression-discontinuity-in-time design. Students shifted to lower-grading science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) courses in the first semester, but did not increase their engagement with STEM in later semesters. Letter grades of first-semester students declined by 0.13 grade points, or 23 percent of a standard deviation. We evaluate causal channels of the grade effect—including sorting into lower-grading STEM courses and declining instructional quality—and conclude that the effect is consistent with declining student effort.
“And All of That”: The Long List in Political Discourse
Authors: Reijven Menno H. , Durrani Alina , Dori-Hacohen Gonen
Published: March 2023

We look at long lists (i.e., longer than three parts) in political discourse, especially in talk shows from three cultures, the U.S., Pakistan, and the Netherlands, and ask how a long list is accomplished. Long lists are routinely produced in political discourse by extending the typical three-part list. The listing process to create a long list can happen in many ways, explicitly via counting verbally or physically and implicitly through other resources. These resources can also be used to project a list in advance and to create one retrospectively. Last, listing in politics creates two problems for the lister, requiring an artful application of the available listing resources. The audience may orient to only three parts, and the politician is faced with selecting the last item. Thus, we show that politicians use lists to structure their talk, but they also have to anticipate problems regarding the practice of listing.
Two new species and one newly recorded species of Tachinidae from Chongqing, China (Diptera: Calyptratae)
Authors: LI YUE , DONG RUIQING , HAO BO , ZHANG CHUNTIAN
Published: March 2023

Tachinid specimens (Diptera, Tachinidae) from Yintiaoling National Nature Reserve, Chongqing, Oriental China were collected and examined, two species are recognized and new to science, Billaea yintiaoling sp. nov., Leskia flavitugula sp. nov., and L. miranda Mesnil is newly recorded for China. Here their descriptions, illustration and keys to species of Chinese species of Billaea and Leskia are provided. The specimens in this study are kept in the Insect Collection, Shenyang Normal University, China (SYNU).
A new earwig species of the genus Liparura Burr, 1907 (Dermaptera: Forficulidae) from China
Authors: YE XIAOHAN , KAMIMURA YOSHITAKA , LI WENLIANG , LIU XINGYUE
Published: March 2023

A new earwig species of the genus Liparura Burr, 1907 of the family Forficulidae, namely L. chongqingensis sp. nov., is described from Chongqing, southwestern China. The new species is characterized by the male forceps basally approached to each other, and each with a small tooth protruding dorsad. A key to the species of Liparura is provided.
Review of stick insects (Insecta: Phasmatodea) from Yintiaoling Nature Reserve of China, with description of two new species
Authors: QIAN YU-HAN , XIE CHONG-XIN , WEN JUN , WANG YU
Published: March 2023

This is the first investigation of stick insect from the Yintiaoling National Nature Reserve, Chongqing of China. Totally seven species were collected. Four of them belong to the subfamily Clitumninae of Phasmatidae: Interphasma emeiense Chen & He, 2008, Paraentoria sichuanensis Chen & He, 1997, Parabaculum wushanense (Chen & He, 1997) and Baculonistria alba (Chen & He, 1990). The other three belong to the subfamily Necrosciinae of Lonchodidae, including two new species: Micadina conifera Chen & He, 1997, Hemisosibia yintiaolingensis sp. nov. and Dianphasma chongqingensis sp. nov..
The millipedes (Diplopoda) in Yintiaoling National Natural Reserve, Southwest China
Authors: CHEN HUI-MING , ZHENG CHANG-BIN , JIANG XUAN-KONG
Published: March 2023

The millipedes of Yintiaoling National Natural Reserve, Southwest China, were investigated. In total, thirteen species from five orders (Sphaerotheriida, Spirobolida, Callipodida, Chordeumatida and Polydesmida) and eight families were discovered. Among them, six species are new to science: Zephronia linkouzi sp. nov., Paracortina inflata sp. nov., Orthomorpha laminata sp. nov., Polylobosoma corollifera sp. nov., Epanerchodus wuxi sp. nov. and Riukiaria spina sp. nov. As usual, the polydesmidan family Paradoxosomatidae is the most diverse group, containing five species. All new species are described and illustrated, and photographs of the habitus and the gonopods of all species are also provided.