bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Chaetocin Improves Pig Cloning Efficiency by Enhancing Epigenetic Reprogramming and Autophagic Activity
Authors: Jeong Pil-Soo , Sim Bo-Woong , Park Soo-Hyun , Kim Min Ju , Kang Hyo-Gu , Nanjidsuren Tsevelmaa , Lee Sanghoon , Song Bong-Seok , Koo Deog-Bon , Kim Sun-Uk
Published: July 2020

Efficient epigenetic reprogramming is crucial for the in vitro development of mammalian somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) embryos. The aberrant levels of histone H3 lysine 9 trimethylation (H3K9me3) is an epigenetic barrier. In this study, we evaluated the effects of chaetocin, an H3K9me3-specific methyltransferase inhibitor, on the epigenetic reprogramming and developmental competence of porcine SCNT embryos. The SCNT embryos showed abnormal levels of H3K9me3 at the pronuclear, two-cell, and four-cell stages compared to in vitro fertilized embryos. Moreover, the expression levels of H3K9me3-specific methyltransferases (suv39h1 and suv39h2) and DNA methyltransferases (DNMT1, DNMT3a, and DNMT3b) were higher in SCNT embryos. Treatment with 0.5 nM chaetocin for 24 h after activation significantly increased the developmental competence of SCNT embryos in terms of the cleavage rate, blastocyst formation rate, hatching rate, cell number, expression of pluripotency-related genes, and cell survival rate. In particular, chaetocin enhanced epigenetic reprogramming by reducing the H3K9me3 and 5-methylcytosine levels and restoring the abnormal expression of H3K9me3-specific methyltransferases and DNA methyltransferases. Chaetocin induced autophagic activity, leading to a significant reduction in maternal mRNA levels in embryos at the pronuclear and two-cell stages. These findings revealed that chaetocin enhanced the developmental competence of porcine SCNT embryos by regulating epigenetic reprogramming and autophagic activity and so could be used to enhance the production of transgenic pigs for biomedical research.
Bone Regeneration Capability of 3D Printed Ceramic Scaffolds
Authors: Kim Ju-Won , Yang Byoung-Eun , Hong Seok-Jin , Choi Hyo-Geun , Byeon Sun-Ju , Lim Ho-Kyung , Chung Sung-Min , Lee Jong-Ho , Byun Soo-Hwan
Published: July 2020

In this study, we evaluated the bone regenerative capability of a customizable hydroxyapatite (HA) and tricalcium phosphate (TCP) scaffold using a digital light processing (DLP)-type 3D printing system. Twelve healthy adult male beagle dogs were the study subjects. A total of 48 defects were created, with two defects on each side of the mandible in all the dogs. The defect sites in the negative control group (sixteen defects) were left untreated (the NS group), whereas those in the positive control group (sixteen defects) were filled with a particle-type substitute (the PS group). The defect sites in the experimental groups (sixteen defects) were filled with a 3D printed substitute (the 3DS group). Six dogs each were exterminated after healing periods of 4 and 8 weeks. Radiological and histomorphometrical evaluations were then performed. None of the groups showed any specific problems. In radiological evaluation, there was a significant difference in the amount of new bone formation after 4 weeks (p < 0.05) between the PS and 3DS groups. For both of the evaluations, the difference in the total amount of bone after 8 weeks was statistically significant (p < 0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in new bone between the PS and 3DS groups in both evaluations after 8 weeks (p > 0.05). The proposed HA/TCP scaffold without polymers, obtained using the DLP-type 3D printing system, can be applied for bone regeneration. The 3D printing of a HA/TCP scaffold without polymers can be used for fabricating customized bone grafting substitutes.
Distinct Chemical Changes in Abdominal but Not in Thoracic Aorta upon Atherosclerosis Studied Using Fiber Optic Raman Spectroscopy
Authors: Czamara Krzysztof , Majka Zuzanna , Sternak Magdalena , Koziol Mateusz , Kostogrys Renata B. , Chlopicki Stefan , Kaczor Agnieszka
Published: July 2020

Fiber optic Raman spectroscopy and Raman microscopy were used to investigate alterations in the aorta wall and the surrounding perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) in the murine model of atherosclerosis (Apoe-/-/Ldlr-/- mice). Both abdominal and thoracic parts of the aorta were studied to account for the heterogenic chemical composition of aorta and its localization-dependent response in progression of atherosclerosis. The average Raman spectra obtained for both parts of aorta cross sections revealed that the chemical composition of intima-media layers along aorta remains relatively homogeneous while the lipid content in the adventitia layer markedly increases with decreasing distance to PVAT. Moreover, our results demonstrate that the increase of the lipid to protein ratio in the aorta wall correlates directly with the increased unsaturation level of lipids in PVAT and these changes occur only in the abdominal, but not in thoracic, aorta. In summary, distinct pathophysiological response in the aortic vascular wall could be uncovered by fiber optic Raman spectroscopy based on simple parameters detecting chemical contents of lipids in PVAT.
Mojabanchromanol Isolated from Sargassum horneri Attenuates Particulate Matter Induced Inflammatory Responses via Suppressing TLR2/4/7-MAPK Signaling in MLE-12 Cells
Authors: Herath Kalahe Hewage Iresha Nadeeka Madushani , Kim Hyo Jin , Jang Jae-Hyuk , Kim Hyun-Soo , Kim Hyun Jung , Jeon You-Jin , Jee Youngheun
Published: July 2020

Chromanols from marine algae are studied for drug development due to its prominent bioactive properties, and mojabanchromanol (MC), a chromanol isolated from a brown algae Sargassum horneri, is found to possess anti-oxidant potential. In this study, we hypothesized MC may attenuate particulate matter (PM)-induced and reactive oxygen species (ROS)-mediated inflammatory responses in airways and tried to identify its potential and underlying mechanism against PM (majority <2.5 µm in diameter)-induced inflammatory responses in a lung type II alveolar epithelial cell line, MLE-12. MC attenuated PM-induced malondialdehyde (MDA), a lipid peroxidation end product, and 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), the most representative DNA oxidative damage product, further validating MC’s potential in attenuating PM-induced oxidative stress. MC also suppressed PM-triggered TLR2/4/7 activation in MLE-12 cells. Moreover, MC reduced ROS-mediated phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (Erk1/2) and c-Jun NH (2)-terminal kinase (JNK) that were also activated in PM exposed cells. MC further inhibited the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, IL-1β and IL-33) in MLE-12 cells exposed to PM. These results provide a clear evidence for MC’s potential in attenuating PM-triggered inflammatory responses in MLE-12 cells via repressing TLR2/4/7 and MAPK signaling. Therefore, MC can be developed as a therapeutic agent against PM induced airway inflammatory responses.
The Effect of Muscle Exercise on Perforators Flow: A Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Amendola Francesco , Vaienti Luca , Cottone Giuseppe , Zaccaria Giovanna , Steinberger Zvi , Dereatti Nicole , Riccio Michele , Caputo Glenda Giorgia , De Francesco Francesco , Zingaretti Nicola
Published: July 2020

Background and objectives: The metabolic response after exercise causes a significant increase in the muscle blood flow. While these effects are demonstrated for intra-muscular vessels, there is no evidence about the inter-muscular vessels, such as the septocutaneous perforators supplying the skin after they branch out from the deep source artery. The aim of our prospective study was to quantify the changes in the anterior tibial artery perforators arterial blood flow after mild isotonic exercise in a young and healthy population. Material and Methods: We performed a prospective analysis of 34 patients who were admitted to the Plastic Surgery Department from December 2019 to April 2020. Flow velocities of two previously identified anterior tibial artery perforators were recorded both before and after 10 complete flexion-extensions of the foot. The time to revert to basal flow was measured. We further classified the overmentioned patients based on their level of physical activity. Results: We registered a significant increase in systolic, diastolic and mean blood flow velocities both in proximal and distal anterior tibial artery perforators after exercise. Fitter patients exhibited a higher increase in proximal leg perforators than those who did less than three aerobic workouts a week. The time to return to basal flow ranged from 60 to 90 s. Conclusions: This was the first study to describe the effect of muscular activity on perforators blood flow. Even mild exercise significantly increases the perforator flow. Waiting at least two minutes at rest before performing the Doppler study, thus avoiding involved muscle activation, can notably improve the reliability of the pre-operative planning.
The Gaitprint: Identifying Individuals by Their Running Style
Authors: Weich Christian , M. Vieten Manfred
Published: July 2020

Recognizing the characteristics of a well-developed running style is a central issue in athletic sub-disciplines. The development of portable micro-electro-mechanical-system (MEMS) sensors within the last decades has made it possible to accurately quantify movements. This paper introduces an analysis method, based on limit-cycle attractors, to identify subjects by their specific running style. The movement data of 30 athletes were collected over 20 min. in three running sessions to create an individual gaitprint. A recognition algorithm was applied to identify each single individual as compared to other participants. The analyses resulted in a detection rate of 99% with a false identification probability of 0.28%, which demonstrates a very sensitive method for the recognition of athletes based solely on their running style. Further, it can be seen that these differentiations can be described as individual modifications of a general running pattern inherent in all participants. These findings open new perspectives for the assessment of running style, motion in general, and a person’s identification, in, for example, the growing e-sports movement.
Explaining the Attributes of a Deep Learning Based Intrusion Detection System for Industrial Control Networks
Authors: Wang Zhidong , Lai Yingxu , Liu Zenghui , Liu Jing
Published: July 2020

Intrusion detection is only the initial part of the security system for an industrial control system. Because of the criticality of the industrial control system, professionals still make the most important security decisions. Therefore, a simple intrusion alarm has a very limited role in the security system, and intrusion detection models based on deep learning struggle to provide more information because of the lack of explanation. This limits the application of deep learning methods to industrial control network intrusion detection. We analyzed the deep neural network (DNN) model and the interpretable classification model from the perspective of information, and clarified the correlation between the calculation process of the DNN model and the classification process. By comparing the normal samples with the abnormal samples, the abnormalities that occur during the calculation of the DNN model compared to the normal samples could be found. Based on this, a layer-wise relevance propagation method was designed to map the abnormalities in the calculation process to the abnormalities of attributes. At the same time, considering that the data set may already contain some useful information, we designed filtering rules for a kind of data set that can be obtained at a low cost, so that the calculation result is presented in a more accurate manner, which should help professionals lock and address intrusion threats more quickly.
Characterization of 9 Gas Chromatography Columns by Linear and Lee Retention Indices for Polychlorinated Biphenyls and Polychlorinated Naphthalenes
Authors: Stultz Conner , Dorman Frank L.
Published: July 2020

Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and naphthalenes (PCNs) are ubiquitous environmental contaminants with varying degrees of toxicity. There are hundreds of possible congeners with similar chemical characteristics, which make these compounds difficult to isolate in environmental samples. Historically, PCBs and PCNs were identified by using an Aroclor or Halowax mixture instead of the individual compounds, which was impractical because of limited numbers of individual standards. A retention index database was developed with all 209 PCBs and 36 PCNs to help identify these chemicals in environmental and biological matrixes. This study uses linear and Lee retention indices to identify all 209 PCBs and 36 PCNs on nine gas chromatography columns. The most toxic congeners, the 12 dioxin-like PCBs, were compared across all columns to determine which stationary phases gave the best selectivity for those compounds. Column selectivity was also examined to determine columns for confirmatory analyses and GC×GC separations. The Rxi-17SilMS demonstrated the most drastic difference in PCB selectivity and, to a lesser extent, PCNs when compared with the other eight columns and could work as a confirmatory column or as a 2nd dimension column for GC×GC separations.
GP coding behaviour for non-specific clinical presentations: a pilot study
Authors: Tulloch John SP , Beadsworth Mike BJ , Vivancos Roberto , Radford Alan D , Warner Jenny C , Christley Rob M
Published: July 2020

Background

Clinical coding is an integral part of primary care. Disease incidence studies based on primary care electronic health records (EHRs) rely on the accuracy of these codes. Current code validation methods are not appropriate for non-specific conditions and provide limited information about GPs' decision-making behaviour around coding. Qualitative methods could offer insight into decision-making behaviour around coding of patients with non-specific conditions.

Aim

To investigate the decision-making behaviour of GPs when applying Read codes to non-specific clinical presentations, using Lyme disease as a case example.

Design & setting

A pilot study was undertaken, involving masked semi-structured interviews of eight GPs in the North West of England.

Method

Semi-structured interviews were carried out based on 11 clinical cases representative of Lyme disease presentations. Discrete answers were described descriptively. Interview transcripts were analysed using a thematic approach.

Results

Themes underpinning GPs’ coding behaviour included: GP personal and professional experience; clinical evidence; diagnostic uncertainty; professional integrity and defensive practice; and patient-sourced health information and beliefs. GPs placed Lyme disease on their differential diagnosis list for five cases; in only two cases would GPs select a Lyme disease related Read code.

Conclusion

GPs were reluctant to code with specific diagnostic Read codes when they were presented with patients with vague or unfamiliar symptomology. This masked questionnaire methodology offers a new approach to validate incidence figures, based on Read codes of non-specific conditions. The reluctance to code poses many problems for primary care EHRs research. Further research is needed to understand what drives GPs’ coding behaviour.
Analysis of the Socio-Economic and Psychological Status of the Widows: A Study on Jhenidah District
Authors: Bhowmik Avik Ranjan , Hossain Md. Kamal , Chowdury Nadia , Islam Md. Shahidul
Published: July 2020

This paper aims at analyzing the socio-economic status of widows in the Jhenidah district and evaluate the impact of socio-economic status on the widows’ livelihood in society. For achieving the purpose of the study, the researchers collected the primary data by a structured questionnaire, and data were gathered from sixteen respondents from Jhenidah district by a convenient sampling method. The researchers in this study found that widows suffer from multiple social problems and restrictions. Moreover, the widows are feeling discouraged in their lives though they earn a satisfactory figure since dissatisfaction arises from the multiplicity of social problems for the widows.
Development Based on Cloud Accounting as Accountant Reconciliation Media on Collage
Authors: Williams Alexander , Dolan Ellen
Published: July 2020

In the process of academic activities, has staff that are structured in an organizational structure to provide excellent service. With the aim of succeeding all activities that are running, and having their respective functional duties, one of them is the head of finance. The head of finance is obliged to report all income and expenses that are needed by collages. Where the financial statements are reported monthly to top management such as the Director of Perguruan Tinggi Raharja The financial report can be said to be accurate if it has passed the final process of reconciliation. Reconciliation is an adjustment of the balance between bank balances and transaction data that we have. There are 8 (eight) financial statement processes until finally Reconciliation is carried out. However, the flow of the reconciliation process can be said to be still semi-conventional and lack the use of existing technology. In this study, 3 (three) problems were identified regarding the reconciliation process which had an impact on the accuracy of financial statements. Where in the reconciliation process accountants enter payment data input and data matching manually so that it requires a long time in the balance balance amount. With financial reports that are faster and more accurate, of course the work can be assessed as effective and efficient according to the time specified. The use of cloud accounting in the reconciliation process is expected to better assist accountants in real terms. So that in the process of reconciliation the accountant gets a financial report that is accurate and effective and efficient in time. This research is of course motivated by accountants in reconciliation activities that are still manually at College. Problems like this, with the use of cloud accounting in financial reports, are a new breakthrough for Perguruan Tinggi Raharja. By conducting 5 (five) literature reviews on reconciliation and cloud accounting to help the performance of accountants in obtaining financial reports. The final result of this study is the implementation of a cloud accounting system at collages in reconciliation activities by accountants.
Fermentation beverages: verification of authenticity by chromatographic analysis
Authors: Khurshudyan Sergey , M.A. Zakharov M. , Obodeeva O. , Ul'yanova E.
Published: July 2020

Beverages made using fermentation technology (wine, beer, cognac, whiskey, vodka, kvass and their varieties) make up the dominant group of beverages on the domestic and world markets. Large volumes of production or high cost inevitably cause increased interest of falsifiers to this group of drinks. The article discusses the main methods and techniques for detecting falsification based on chromatographic measurements.
Features of the relationship between cone-beam computed tomography and the severity of oxidative stress in chronic generalized periodontitis with and without bronchoectatic disease
Authors: Sarkisov A.K. , Zelenskiy V.A. , Polunina E.A. E.A. , Sarkisov K.A.
Published: July 2020

The study identified and analyzed the relationship between cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) and markers of oxidative stress in patients with chronic generalized periodontitis (CGP) without somatic pathology and with bronchoectatic disease.
90 patients with CGP were examined, which were divided into two groups: patients with CGP without somatic pathology (n=40) and patients with CGP with comorbid pathology in the form of bronchiectatic disease (n=50). Somatically healthy persons with intact periodontal disease (n=40) were examined as a control group. Enzyme immunoassay was used to determine the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP) and total superoxide dismutase (total SOD) of all three types — Cu/Zn-SOD + Mn-SOD + Fe-SOD) in oral fluid.
In patients with CGP observed intensification of oxidative stress expressed in an increase in oxidation products of lipids and proteins, as well as a decrease in antioxidant protection. Greater intensification of the process of oxidative stress and deeper changes in periodontal tissues were detected in patients with CGP with bronchiectatic disease. According to the results of correlation analysis, statistically significant, positive relationships of different strength between changes in the level of MDA, AOPP, total SOD and CBCT parameters in patients with CGP, both without somatic pathology, and with bronchiectatic disease were revealed.
The revealed interrelations evidence of the influence of the intensification of the process of oxidative stress on a condition of periodontal tissues at patients with CGP. The strength of the identified relationships between most of the indicators characterizing CB CT deep periodontal lesions was greater in patients with CGP with bronchiectatic disease.
Methodological aspects of assessing the nnovative development of regions
Authors: Taner Shener Adnan oglu
Published: July 2020

The technique of assessing the innovative potential of the regions is considering. The basic methods for assessing innovative potential are proposed, these methods have been tested in relation to the scientific and technological complex of economic zones. The proposed methods have advantages in comparison with expert and statistical methods of assessment, allowing minimizing the error in the estimates obtained. The article considers and analyzes local and international methodological approaches to assessing regional innovative development. The study identifies general trends and methodological approaches to assessing the innovative development of the region, also calculates the innovation index for each region for a comparative assessment of the innovative potential of Azerbaijan. The methodology used in this work was improved taking into account the national and specific features of Azerbaijan, statistical indicators in this area, the collection and processing of information and the innovative potential of the regions. As a result of the study, recommendations on the role of regions in the development of the economy and regional competitiveness were made. The scientific and practical value of the results lies in the possibility of their application in combination with the analysis of official statistics in the process of improving the state scientific, technical and innovation policy in the direction of more intensive use of scientific knowledge and achievements in the interests of modernizing the economy of Azerbaijan. The proposed approach is able to ensure the information integration of all subjects of scientific organizations and carry out comprehensive studies of production, innovation and economic management processes in the framework of the development of science.
THE EFFECTIVENESS OF FINE ART ACTIVITY ON STUDENTS’ SPEAKING ABILITY
Authors: Adhawati Rohmah , Candra Eva Nurul
Published: July 2020

The objective of this research was to get an empirical evidence of the effectiveness of using picture series toward students’ speaking ability in describing thing. The total sample of this study was 60 students. The method used in this research was a quantitative method. The design was a quasi-experimental study and the primary instrument of this research was a test. The result of the research showed a significant difference between the two classes’ in the final mean score of the post-test of the experimental class was 76.5, while the post-test means score of the controlled class was 73.1. The test of hypothesis showed that sig. 2 tailed (p) was 0.001 while alpha (α) was 0.005 (0.001 < 0.005). Therefore, it can be concluded that the use of Fine Art Activity can affect students’ speaking ability of seventh grade at SMP Negeri 13 South Tangerang.
ANALISIS PENERJEMAHAN KALIMAT ELIPSIS VERBAL DALAM KOMIK NARUTO KARYA MASASHI KISHIMOTO KE DALAM BAHASA INDONESIA
Authors: Cahyani Yesy Tri , Astria Amalina Iariva Putri
Published: July 2020

Incomplete sentence (ellipsis verbal) are often to be the problem in translating from Japanese into Indonesian. The purpose of this research is to explain the techniques to translate incomplete sentence to achive equivalence found in Japanese comics Naruto volumes 29, 30, and 31, and analyze the translation of incomplete sentence contained in Naruto comic  from Japanese to Indonesian. The method of this research is descriptive and qualitative methods. Data source are the Japanese comic title Naruto by Masashi Kishimoto as the source text, and the translation comic in Indonesia as the target text. Thirteen incomplete sentence data on source text were analyze using appropriate translation techniques to achieve equvalence in target text. The result showed that incomplete sentence had board meanings. In addition, incomplete sentence cannot be translate literally, without looking at the context. Context is an important reference so the messagges from source text can be conveyed.
AN ANALYSIS OF THE TRANSLATION OF IMAGERY IN “A WALK TO REMEMBER”, A NOVEL BY NICHOLAS SPARKS AND ITS TRANSLATED VERSION “KAN KUKENANG SELALU”
Authors: Putranti Sulistini Dwi , Bonita Mega Puspa , Wahyuningsih Neneng Sri
Published: July 2020

Abtract

This study investigates the translation of imagery in A Walk to Remember novel by Nicholas Sparks. This research aims to reveal the types of imagery and the translation techniques applied by the translator in translating imagery. This study uses qualitative method which focuses on describing and explaining the types of imagery found and the techniques applied to deal with imagery. This study uses the theories of imagery proposed by Perrine and Arp (1992), and translation techniques proposed by Molina and Albir (2002). The types of imagery mostly found are visual and organic imagery. The translation techniques used by the translator are adaptation, amplification, borrowing, established equivalent, literal translation, modulation, reduction and transposition. The result of the analysis shows that the techniques mostly used are established equivalent and literal translation. These two techniques are able to reproduce the message from SL to TL without any distortion in meaning.

Keyword: visual imagery, organic imagery, translation techniques, established equivalent, literal translation.

                                                            Abstrak

Artikel ini menganalisis penerjemahan imajeri dalam novel A Walk to Remember karangan Nicholas Sparks. Tujuan penelitiannya adalah untuk mengungkapkan tipe-tipe imajeri dan teknik penerjemahan yang diterapkan oleh penerjemah. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif agar dapat memerikan dengan baik tipe-tipe imajeri dan teknik penerjemahan yang diterapkan. Kajian ini memakai teori imajeri yang dipaparkan oleh Perrine dan Arp (1992), dan teori teknik penerjemahan yang disampaikan oleh Molina dan Albir (2002). Tipe-tipe imajeri yang banyak muncul dalam novel ini adalah visual dan organik imajeri. Teknik penerjemahan yang diterapkan oleh penerjemah adalah adaptasi, amplifikasi, peminjaman, padanan lazim, literal, modulasi, reduksi, dan transposisi. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa teknik yang paling sering diterapkan adalah padanan lazim dan literal. Kedua teknik ini dapat mereproduksi pesan dari Bsu ke Bsa tanpa mendistorsi maknanya.

Kata Kunci: imajeri visual, imajeri organik, teknik penerjemahan, padanan lazim, penerjemahan literal
Improvement of Scientific Writing Ability Through Dyadic Essay Techniques
Authors: Yunus Syarifudin , Eliastuti Maguna
Published: July 2020

Students' scientific writing skills tend to be inadequate. Students find it difficult to express ideas and ideas in a scientific context. Observations made on Indonesian Language Education Students Semester VII of Indraprasta University PGRI showed symptoms of a lack of student scientific writing activity.

               Structured Dyadic Methods cooperative learning model basically can be applied by lecturers in scientific writing lectures. Structured Dyadic Methods (SDM) is a paired system, which emphasizes collaboration that enhances students' scientific writing skills. So the Dyadic Essay technique should be suspected to be able to improve students' scientific writing skills.

               After going through a series of research processes, the dyadic essay technique as one of the cooperative learning models that only involves two members in one group (in pairs) and using structured techniques is proven to be able to improve scientific writing skills based on facts and data so that it is more easily poured into works scientifically coherent and systematic. There is sufficient influence between the dyadic essay technique on the scientific writing ability of Semester VII students in the Indonesian Language Study Program, with a r coefficient of 0.655. Through dyadic essay techniques, students with high levels of creativity have better writing skills so that there is interaction between and creativity in learning to write science.
The Size and Shape of Yagya Kund: Mathematical and Spiritual aspects
Authors: Motlani Jairam
Published: July 2020

The size and shape of the Yagya Kund is one of the important aspects for successful completion of Yagya. Vedic literature describes in details about their types, size, shapes and constructions. Yagya Kund size and shape helps in construction of the Kund for specific spiritual or materialistic outcomes which require specific mathematical measurements of Yagya Kund. The shape of the Yagya Kund is decided based on the purpose of the Yagya, while the size is decided based on the total offerings given to the fire. The spiritual and mathematical aspects on size and shape of the Kund are presented in the study. During the study analysis, it was observed that Vedic texts used mathematical knowledge from various streams such as astrology, trigonometry, geometry, etc in the construction of Yagya Kund. The size of Yagya Kund is directly propositional to the number of offerings to be done. In addition, during the construction of any Yagya Kund, first of all a circle is made whose parameter is fixed to the number of offerings to be done, then a particular Yagya Kund is to be constructed. Regardless of the shape, the construction of Kund based on the diameter given in the ancient texts resulted in the same surface area and volume for particular number of offerings, opening a gate for further study of fine mathematics involved in the Yagya Kund construction.
Educazione ed innovazione sociale
Authors: Galeotti Glenda
Published: July 2020

This book proposes an interpretation of continuing education as an enabling factor of social innovation. Continuing education is an opportunity for transforming and co-creating structural and socio-cultural conditions in work contexts, through inclusive and collaborative practices and processes.
The reflection presented in the book starts from an eco-systemic analysis of educational processes entailed in the social innovation dynamics, and develops a definition of educational action for formulating and testing responses to complex social needs. The educative action, oriented to creatively combine tangible and intangible resources, individual talents, collective imagination, improves capacity to rethink educational and socio-educational services and face the challenges that reality presents.
Do Youtube à escola: transformações nas práticas docentes dos professores de história, provocadas pelo acesso de estudantes a conteúdos de história veiculados por youtubers
Authors: Kaschny Borges Martha , Medeiros Kamigouchi Tales Hiroschu
Published: July 2020

This article describes changes in the teaching practices of high school history teachers, when their students access history content through the digital social network Youtube. As a result of the results of a master’s research, it aims to identify and describe the strategies adopted by teachers in the face of the challenge of teaching to a hyperconnected generation. The research was structured as being of a qualitative nature and had as theoretical and methodological assumptions: Goodman (1961) for the research technique Snowball; Bardin (2004) for the analysis of the content of the interviews; in addition to the dialogue with the authors Bruno Latour (2012); André Lemos (2008); Martha K. Borges (2007); Pierre Lévy (2010); Lucia Santaella and Renata Lemos (2010); Maria Auxiliadora Schmidt and Marlene Cainelli (2004); and Maria Mizukami (1986). The evidence corroborates with the understanding that the teaching-learning process in the time of cyberculture and cyberspace demand new initiatives and approaches that go beyond the traditional teaching model, such as, for example, dedicating planning time in the observation and analysis of YouTube channels that disseminate distorted concepts.
Media education for equity and tolerance. Theory, policy and practice, Edited by Maria Ranieri
Authors: Roffi Alice
Published: July 2020

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Back to Basics Part 1: Are We Over Treating Ocular Hypertension and Primary Open Angle Glaucoma Patients?
Authors: S. A. Raja, S. Aqil Rashid Zia
Published: July 2020

Population explosion, availability of life saving drugs and perusal of healthier life styles is leading to rising life expectancy worldwide. This indirectly translates to increasing prevalence of open angle glaucoma1 worldwide and Pakistan is no exception to these myriad factors of population increase and related healthcare issues.

Studies have in general shown increased glaucoma severity corelating with direct and indirect costs associated with the progression of disease2. Hence there is a wide spread tendency to treat suspicious optic nerve heads, mild to moderate high intraocular pressures or even documented but non progressive glaucoma damage without comprehensive structural, visual function, local and systemic risk assessment. This has in turn led to plethora of adverse clinical, socioeconomic and financial concerns triggering chain of adversities at individual and as well as national level.
Epidemiology of Ocular Trauma in a Tertiary Hospital Setting
Authors: Hamza Iqbal Usama Iqbal, Irfan Qayyum Malik,
Published: July 2020

Purpose: To determine the Epidemiology of Ocular Trauma in a Tertiary Hospital Setting.

Study Design: Cross-Sectional Study.

Place and Duration of Study: Ophthalmology Department, DHQ Teaching Hospital Gujranwala from December 2016- December 2017.

Material and Methods: All patients included in the study had the following data recorded at presentation and follow up; date, age, gender, location and nature of injury, residence place, cause of injury, duration of hospitalization, anatomical site, adjuvant treatment, initial and final best-corrected (Snellen) visual acuity. Data was classified into five groups on the basis of place of eye injury.

Results: The total numbers of patients was 95. Mean age of patients was 31.9 ± 18.1 years. Out of these patients, 80 (84.2%) were males and 15 (15.8%) were females. There were 23 (24.2%) patients in 1-18 years age group, 40 (42.1%) patients in 18-35 years age group and 32 (33.7%) in >35 years age group. The tissues involved during trauma included 22 (33.8%) lid tears, 30 (46.2%) corneal tears, 2 (3.1%) scleral tears and 8 (12.3%) corneo-scleral tears. The most common location of ocular trauma was workplace (31.5%), household injuries (27.4%), sports injuries (7.3%), animal related injuries (8.4% and miscellaneous (25.2%). Best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) improved in 28 (29.5%) cases, deteriorated in 8 (8.4% cases and remained same in 59 (62.1%) cases.

Conclusion: Young patients (18-35 years) are at more risk of ocular trauma especially at work, and this translates into a higher economic burden for the country at large.

Keywords: Ocular Trauma, Road injuries, Domestic injuries.
Inverted ILM Flap Technique
Authors: Jerzy Nawrocki Zofia Michalewska
Published: July 2020

As recently as 30 years ago, macular holes were thought to be untreatable. Kelly and Wendel showed that this was not the case in 1991 when they published their pilot study on vitreous surgery for idiopathic macular holes1. In 1997, Eckardt et al. introduced internal limiting membrane (ILM) peeling2, following which, pars plana vitrectomy, internal limiting membrane peeling, fluid/gas exchange and face-down positioning were soon adopted as the standard treatment method for successful hole closure and BCVA improvement. Surgeons improved their own results by using smaller gauge instruments and, especially, by more qualified patient selection: earlier treatment, non-myopic eyes, better initial visual acuity, and smaller macular holes.
Efficacy of Microwave Pulse Diode Laser and Argon Laser Trabeculoplasty in Patients with Primary Open Angle Glaucoma
Authors: Shams Asma , Das Narain , Rashid Noman , Bhatti M. Nasir , Khan Beenish , Kumar Jai
Published: July 2020

Purpose:  To compare the efficacy of the microwave pulse diode laser and argon laser trabeculoplasty in primary open angle glaucoma.

Study Design:  Quasi experimental study.

Place and Duration of Study:  Shaheed Mohtarma Benazir Bhutto Medical College Lyari and Sindh Government Lyari General Hospital, Karachi, from October, 2017 to March, 2018.

Material and Methods:  One hundred and sixty patients, between 42 to 61 years with visual acuity of perception of light to 6/36 were enrolled. Patients diagnosed with POAG were included and patients with intraocular pressure of more than 40 mm Hg, previous glaucoma surgery or laser treatment and narrow angle on gonioscopy were excluded. Ophthalmic examination included visual acuity, slit lamp examination, fundus examination and visual field status using Humphrey perimeter. Patients were divided into two groups. Group A received microwave pulse diode laser (810) and Group B received argon laser trabeculoplasty. Average follow up period was 6 months. Success was assessed objectively by measuring intra ocular pressure and subjectively by visual acuity.

Results:  The average time-period for each procedure was 15 ± 5 minutes. In Group A, mean IOP at first week, first month, third month and sixth month was 20.79, 16.34, 16.21and 16.09 mm Hg respectively. While in Group B, IOP at first week, first, third and sixth month was 16.52, 15.76, 13.62, and 12.54 mm Hg at (P < 0.001 in both groups).

Conclusion:  Both microwave pulse diode laser and argon laser trabeculoplasty are effective in lowering intra ocular pressures in patients with primary open angle glaucoma.
Tadpole Pupil: A Very Rare Entity.
Authors: Zaka Royala , Moeez Uddin Muhammad , Sabri Mirza Zakiuddin , Aziz Zunair
Published: July 2020

Tadpole Pupil is a very rare clinical entity. Only few cases have been reported to date in the literature. This is thefirst case reported in Pakistan to the best of our knowledge. A 19-year old female came with the complaint ofrepeated episodes of 2 to 3 times per week of irregular shaped pupil with blurry vision that subsided itself in few minutes within an hour. At presentation, her examination showed normal VA of 6/6 in both eyes with normal pupillary reactions in light and dark. Color vision, contrast, visual fields by confrontation, extraocular movements were all normal. Ophthalmic and neurologic examination was also unremarkable. Her condition was not associated with Horner syndrome, Adies or Migraine which were excluded after examination. She was counseled about the benign nature of her condition and advised for regular follow up or report in case of new appearance of symptoms.
Ocular Surface Disease: An Integral Part of Glaucoma Management
Authors: Salam Aysha
Published: July 2020

Glaucoma has been a silent and symptomless disease-causing relentless loss of vision requiring lifelong treatment. It is often hard to gain patient acceptance for a condition, the treatment for which does not manifest in the form of any direct visual gains. This is in turn is compounded by the adverse effects of medication. These are most commonly poor tolerance and preservative toxicity in addition to the active ingredient which in itself can compromise a vulnerable ocular surface.1,2 Glaucoma patients are presumably at a much higher risk of developing ocular surface disease and one of the commonest reasons for that is being treated with reservative-containing medications over a prolonged period.1,2 This editorial will highlight some of the common risk factors and possible remedies in glaucoma patients manifesting with ocular surface disease.
Lateral Rectus Superior Compartment Palsy
Authors: Nadeem Sana
Published: July 2020

Lateral rectus palsy with hypotropia constitutes a portion of sixth nerve palsy cases in which only the superior compartment of the lateral rectus is palsied. We present such a case in a 10-year-old girl who presented with a peculiar appearing right esotropia and hypotropia due to acquired lateral rectus palsy along with apparent ipsilateral superior rectus underaction. Neuroimaging confirmed atrophy of the superior part of lateral rectus as compared to the inferior half. Augmented superior rectus transposition to the lateral rectus along with adjustable bimedial recessions and bilateral inferior oblique myectomies were done to restore her cosmetic appearance.
Visual Outcome in Pars Plana Vitrectomy for Acute Postoperative Endophthalmitis after Cataract Surgery
Authors: Soomro Abdul Rafio , Soomro Fayaz Ahmed , Hussain Munawar , Soomro Abdul Qadeem , Qidwai Nazia , Tariq Anas Bin
Published: July 2020

Purpose: To determine the visual outcomes in patients undergoing pars plana-vitrectomy (PPV) for acute postoperative endophthalmitis after cataract surgery.Study Design: Quasi experimental study.Place and Duration of Study: Al- Ibrahim Eye Hospital, Malir, Karachi for a period of 2 years.Material and Methods: Thirty-three patients were selected using non-probability convenient sampling technique.Patients with acute postoperative endophthalmitis after cataract surgery diagnosed clinically and on B-scan, withvisual acuity of only perception of light were included while patients with better visual acuity and any other typesof endophthalmitis were excluded. PPV was performed in all cases and the patients were examined postoperativelyon 1st day, 3rd day, 1, 2 and 3 weeks after surgery. During these follow ups, visual acuity wasrecorded, detailed slit lamp and fundus examination was performed. Using SPSS version 20.0, chi-square testwas applied to test for significance keeping p-value of < 0.05 as significant.Results: Out of 33 patients 19 (57.6%) were males and 14 (42.4%) were females. Mean age of the patients was54.50 ± 14.14 years. On 1st post-operative day 8 patients (24.2%) showed improvement of visual acuity fromperception of light to finger counting while 02 (6.1%) patients reported visual acuity of 6/60. On final visit at 3rdweek postoperatively, 19 patients (57.6%) had visual acuity of finger counting, 08 patients (24.2%) had handmovement and 06 (18.2%) patients reported a visual acuity of 6/60.Conclusion: PPV for acute post-cataract endophthalmitis results in favourable outcomes in terms of visual acuity.
Cálculo integral en una variable
Authors: Galeano Peñaloza Jeanneth , Rodríguez Beltrán Claudio
Published: July 2020

Este libro ha sido pensado como texto guía para el curso Cálculo Integral en una Variable, que se imparte en las carreras de Matemáticas, Física y Estadística de la Universidad Nacional de Colombia. Aunque existen en el mercado cientos de libros, quisimos escribir uno que cumpliera con los requisitos académicos de los programas de la Universidad Nacional de Colombia, en el que se recogieran todos los temas que se enseñan en el curso de un semestre y se expusieran los temas con el mismo enfoque que se tratan en la clase.
Ecuaciones diferenciales ordinarias: técnicas de resolución
Authors: Moya Luz Marina , Rojas Edixon
Published: July 2020

En estas notas se tratan los temas comunes de un curso de Cálculo de ecuaciones diferenciales ordinarias para ser dictado en un semestre a estudiantes universitarios del segundo año en carreras de ciencias naturales e ingeniería. Esto es, temas para estudiantes con conocimientos de cálculo diferencial e integral y de algunos temas de álgebra lineal, tales como resolución de sistemas de ecuaciones y valores (vectores) propios.
EVALUASI FAKTOR EKONOMI MAKRO DALAM MEMPENGARUHI HARGA SAHAM
Authors: Restiawan Slamet Ardi , Asytuti Rinda
Published: July 2020

This study was used to determine the effect of macro economy on stock price of PT Telkom's. The condition of macro economic includes SBI, rupiah exchange rate, inflation, and also money supply. This type of research is quantitative using secondary data. The data taken is monthly closing of each variable, the sample used is saturated as much as 48 months. The data analysis method used is multiple linear regression analysis which previously met the classic assumption test requirements and also the hypothesis test. From the results of the analysis, it is known that SBI, rupiah exchange rate, inflation, money supply affect the stock price. Implications and suggestions are explained in the article
ANALISIS PERBANDINGAN KINERJA KEUANGAN SEBELUM DAN SESUDAH MELAKUKAN AKUISISI DAN MERGER PADA PERUSAHAAN NON KEUANGAN
Authors: Firdaus Geovana Rizky , Dara Siti Ruhana
Published: July 2020

This study aims to analyze Comparative Analysis Before and After Merger and Acquisition of Financial Performance of Companies Listed on the Stock Exchange for the 2013-2017 period. The population used is a non-financial company registered on the IDX that carries out merger and acquisition activities for the period 2013-2017. Samples are determined by purposive sampling technique and obtained 9 companies. Types of quantitative research. The data analysis method used is the normality test, and hypothesis testing using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test non-parametric test paired sample t-test. Wilcoxon signed-rank test for CR, TATO, ROA and NPM, DER testing, paired sample t-test for DR at 1 and 4 years after mergers and acquisitions has Asymp.Sig (2-tailed) value is greater than the significance value set α = 0.05 (> 0.05). CR experiences significant differences, TATO has no difference 1 before and 4 years after, ROA and NPM get results that do not have significant differences, DER and DR did not experience significant results on financial performance. So that the company's financial performance remains a fairly stable situation.
A TRAJETÓRIA DAS PARALIMPÍADAS ESCOLARES NO ESTADO DE MINAS GERAIS DE 2009 A 2017
Authors: Santos Eraldo Sandi dos , Pereira Adriano de Almeida , Chiminte Clareana Serena , Moraes Marcelo Monteiro , Júnior Orival Andries , Politano Hugo , Guedes Uebister Igor dos Santos , Carvalho Alexandre Freitas de , Oliveira Matheus Valério Almeida , Passos Ricardo Pablo , Vilela Junior Guanis de Barros , Pellegrinotti Ídico Luiz
Published: July 2020

O esporte seja de lazer, de participação ou rendimento tem contribuido para o desenvolvimento da pessoa com ou sem deficiência. Através das políticas públicas, o esporte paralímpico, mesmo que discretamente, vem ganhando seu espaço. Para o fomento e surgimento de novos atletas, o Brasil tem realizado a proposta do esporte nas escolas e realizando competições juvenis no esporte convencional e paralimpíco. Os jogos escolares para pessoas com deficiência se iniciou em 2006 no municipio de Fortaleza-CE já em 2009 na cidade de Brasília-DF com uma nova estrutura e número maior de modalidades paralímpicas se iniciou as Paralimpíadas Escolares. O estado de Minas Gerais participou de todas as edições deste grandioso evento, diante desta efetividade do estado na competição foi passível analisar sua participação nas Paralimpíadas Escolares através dos boletins da competição cedidos pelo Comite Paralímpico Brasileiro. Conclui-se que o Estado de Minas Gerais tem contribuído para o fomento do esporte paralímpico brasileiro, com atletas que atuam nas respectivas seleções e modalidades paralímpicas.