bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mein Weg zur Psychotherapie – Als Sisyphus seinen Stein losließ
Authors: Sulz Serge K. D.
Published: November 2022

Ich entschloss mich, den Rückblick auf 30 plus 20 Jahre Psychotherapie als meinen persönlichen Weg zu beschreiben, da ich den meisten wichtigen Strömungen und Protagonisten1 begegnet bin. Dabei ist nicht ganz unwichtig, als welcher Mensch ich mich der Psychotherapie zuwandte. Ich traf auf die Hochschulpsychologie der Sechziger Jahre, die ja einen sehr großen Umbruch mit sich brachte: von einer deutschen, eher philosophisch ausgerichteten Psychologie zu einer hundertprozentig angloamerikanisch geprägten, empirisch-experimentell abgeleiteten Wissenschaft des Verhaltens. Gegen diese Strömung konnte auch die Psychoanalyse sich nur schwer behaupten. Bald rührten sich aber als Gegenpol die humanistischen Therapien, die leider bis heute nicht genug empirische Forschung aufweisen und sich deshalb noch weniger behaupten können als die Psychodynamischen Therapien. Der zweite notwendige Gegenpol war die systemische Therapie. Zum Glück ließ sich die Verhaltenstherapie stets von allen anderen Psychotherapien befruchten und musste nicht nur aus dem eigenen Evidenz-Brunnen schöpfen. So ist auch mein aktueller Stand psychotherapeutischer Arbeit zu sehen: die Mentalisierungsfördernde Verhaltensherapie, in der sich behaviorale, kognitive, emotive, systemische, tiefenpsychologische und humanistisch-körperorientierte Denkund Vorgehensweisen vereinen.
Die Entwicklung des Verhaltensdiagnostiksystems (VDS) zum Expertensystem für die verhaltenstherapeutische Fallkonzeption
Authors: Sulz Serge K. D. , Sichort-Hebing Miriam
Published: November 2022

Kernstück der Verhaltensdiagnostik ist die Verhaltensund Bedingungsanalyse. Aus ihr leiten sich die Therapieziele und der Therapieplan ab. Die Weiterentwicklung des Verhaltensdiagnostiksystems (VDS) in den letzten 20 Jahren führte zu einem Expertensystem, das eine sorgfältige und differenzierte Erfassung pathogener Bedingungen, pathologischer Reaktionen und das Symptom aufrechterhaltender Faktoren ermöglicht. Das VDS21 Verhaltensanalytisches Interview führt vom genauen Zeitpunkt des ersten Auftretens des Symptoms über die Reaktionskette zur Funktion des Symptoms. Die VDS32 Emotionsanalyse macht die Dysfunktionalität der Emotionsregulation transparent. Die VDS33 Werte-Analyse macht Disbalancen im Werte-System sichtbar (Hauke, 2001). Die VDS36 Interaktionsund Beziehungsanalyse macht zerstörerische Transaktionen kenntlich. Das VDS38 Ressourcen-Defizit-Rating RDR entspricht der Strukturdimension von OPD. Für die Therapieplanung sehr hilfreich sind das ideenreiche VDS51 Zielfindungs-Tool und die VDS52 Therapieplanung.
Die 30-jährige Geschichte des Verhaltensdiagnostiksystems (VDS)
Authors: Gräff-Rudolph Ute , Sulz Serge K. D.
Published: November 2022

Das Verhaltensdiagnostiksystem (VDS) ist das umfassendste weitverbreitete Diagnostiksystem der deutschsprachigen Verhaltenstherapie. Es kann auf 30 Jahre wissenschaftliche Entwicklung zurückblicken – beginnend mit dem VDS1-Fragebogen »Meine Lebensund Krankheitsgeschichte«, der VDS90 Symptomliste, dem VDS14-Interview zum Erheben des psychischen Befunds, dem VDS30-Fragebogen zur Erfassung dysfunktionaler Persönlichkeitszüge, weitergeführt mit den Fragebögen VDS27 bis VDS29, mit denen Grundbedürfnisse und Grundformen der Angst und der Wut erhoben werden, bis zur Erfassung der dysfunktionalen Überlebensregel mit dem VDS35 und dem VDS31 Fragebogen, der den sozio-emotionalen Entwicklungsstand nach Piaget und Kegan erhebt. Testtheoretische Merkmale der Güte und Zuverlässigkeit wurden bei den wichtigsten Fragebögen durch zahlreiche empirische Untersuchungen geprüft. Die heutigen Fragebögen bauen auf einem stabilen, empirisch-wissenschaftlichen Fundament auf, das sie für die Verwendung in der Routineversorgung von ambulanten und stationären Psychotherapie-Patienten1 ausweist. Sie können kostenlos als PDF heruntergeladen oder online ausgefüllt werden unter https://vds-skalen.eupehs.org.
VDS38 Ressourcen-Defizit-Rating RDR als kognitiv-behaviorale Alternative zur OPD-Struktur-Achse in der Psychotherapie-Diagnostik und Zielanalyse
Authors: Sulz Serge K. D. , Esterbauer Doris , Fountoglou Elena , Hoenes Annette , Hoy Veit-Uwe , Schober Susanne
Published: November 2022

Die VDS38 RDR-Checkliste enthält Ressourcen-Variablen, die deutlich über die Verhaltenstheorie hinausgehen und grundsätzliche menschliche Fähigkeiten und Ressourcen darstellen, die Erkrankung versus Gesunderhaltung und Lebensund Beziehungsqualität erfassen: Die Fähigkeit zur Selbstwahrnehmung, zur Selbststeuerung, zur Emotionsregulation, zur sozialen Wahrnehmung, zur Kommunikation, zur Abgrenzung, zur Bindung (Aufrechterhaltung einer Beziehung), zum Umgang mit Beziehungen, auch sich aus einer Beziehung zu lösen, zur Utilisierung von Ressourcen, zur Bewältigung krisenhafter Situationen und zur Leidenskapazität. An Umweltressourcen wird das Eingebundensein in ein stabiles berufliches bzw. privates Umfeld sowie reale Chancen der Verwirklichung einer Veränderung. Sie stehen im Zusammenhang mit dem Grad der Mentalisierung, mit der Höhe der erreichten Entwicklungsstufe, mit weniger schwerer psychischer Erkrankung insbesondere weniger Depression sowie weniger dysfunktionalen Persönlichkeitszügen. Diese Ergebnisse bedürfen jedoch dringender empirischer Überprüfung. Wir können jedoch festhalten, dass die empirischen Daten die Aussage zulassen, dass VDS8 RDR eine kognitiv-behaviorale Alternative zur Strukturachse von OPD-2 ist – ohne die Metatheorie der Psychoanalyse zu benötigen.
Church Economics: Why Tithes May Not Be Enough Anymore In Christian Denomination in Cameroon
Authors: Nji Forsuh Benard , Fabien Sundjo , Bernard Fomba , Tanyi Babila
Published: November 2022

Every organization, be it the state or the Church, needs money to be able to operate. While the state raises revenue through the imposition of taxes on the citizens, the Church does it through collection of tithes and other offerings from her members. Among other collections, tithe constitutes a major source of revenue to the modern Church. This work thus sets out to determine the factors influencing tithes compliance by members of some selected Christian Denominations in Bamenda. Specifically, it investigates the effect of: (a) demographic characteristics; (b) perceived benefits derived from tithing and (c) management approach on tithe compliance. Data was collected from Christians of selected church denominations in Bamenda, Mezam Division in the North West Region of Cameroon using the stratified random sampling technique. The data was obtained from 351 questionnaires, 193 of which were issued to Presbyterian Christians, while 67 were issued to Roman Catholics, 47 to Full Gospel and 44 to Apostolic Christians respectively. Descriptive statistics, correlative research design and inferential econometric approach base on the binary logistic regression were employed. Results show that payment of tithe statistically depends on gender as women were more likely than men to pay tithe. The occupation of the Christians, their marital status and denomination also significantly influenced their compliance to tithe. As the index for perceived benefits from tithe increased, the more likely were the Christian to pay tithe. Christians who perceived that tithes were not well managed were significantly more likely not to have paid tithe in the past three months. We thus recommend that Christians be taught to pay tithe as their Christian duty, not due to benefits previewed and strict management principles be applied to tithe to increase the adherence rate of tithe payments.
The Effect of Tangibility, Profitability, and Firm Size on Financing Policy with Debt: Evidence from Companies in the Consumer Goods Industry
Authors: Peter Peter , Herlina Herlina , Shanelie Chintya
Published: November 2022

This research is expected to check the influence of tangibility, profitability, and firm size on financing policy with debt. Moreover, to implement this purpose, this study employs the Indonesian-listed companies in the consumer goods industry between 2018 and 2020. Once calculating the sample size by the Slovin formula, twenty-one firms are obtained. Additionally, this study utilizes the probability of t-statistic for the related regression coefficients to examine hypotheses. After testing them, this study demonstrates that tangibility and company size positively affect the financing policy with debt; however, the more profits, the less debt to finance the assets.
The Strategy of Defence Diplomacy in Achieving National Interests and Maintaining the Sovereignty of the Republic of Indonesia
Authors:   Syarif Hidayatullah State Islamic University Jakarta, Indonesia, Lubis Amany
Published: November 2022

Maintaining national unity and sovereignty is Indonesia's main goal to protect the people and promote general welfare. In addition, Indonesian defense is also the main focus of the government in realizing the integrity of the country. In achieving and securing these interests, diplomacy has always been the choice of the state as the dominant way to achieve these goals. Defense diplomacy is also part of Indonesia's total diplomacy. It means that the national defense system is carried out early by the government and carried out in a total, integrated, directed, and continuous manner. In practice, the state could use the resources it has, including military, economic, political, intelligence, natural and human resources, etc. All parties must agree that in conducting diplomacy, negotiation is very vital, so it could be said that the successful negotiations could also be interpreted as victory in diplomacy. To be able to negotiate well, the strength and ability of the bargaining position is an important requirement that must be owned by a nation. The bargaining position of a nation is strongly influenced by the nation's national power and one of the prominent components of that national power is the military component. This what makes the military difficult to separate from state diplomacy. This research is designed to gain an understanding of the defense diplomacy of the Republic of Indonesia in achieving national interests and defending the sovereignty of the nation. This study aims to analyze the role of Indonesia's defense diplomacy in achieving national interests and defending the nation's sovereignty. In addition, in this research the author also analyzes the factors that influence the role of defense diplomacy in achieving national interests and maintaining national sovereignty. This study uses a qualitative method with descriptive-analytical specifications, with the data obtained through observation and literature study. Data analysis techniques are more carried out in conjunction with data collection during research. The results of the study can be concluded that the role of defense diplomacy in achieving national interests is not optimal and its achievements are still limited to only defense issues; The factors that affect the role of defense diplomacy are viewed from several dimensions, which are the dimensions of the capacity and capability of the Indonesian National Military (Tentara Nasional Indonesia/TNI), the dimensions of cooperation between agencies and the dimensions of the arranging a diplomatic strategy, and based on this situation, Indonesia must strengthen its defense diplomacy strategy in order to achieve national interests and maintain the sovereignty of the Indonesian nation.
INFLUENCE OF RARE-EARTH ELEMENTS AND RADIATION ON SPECTRAL PROPERTIES AND THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY OF YTTRIUM-ALUMINUM GARNETS AND PHOSPHATE GLASSES
Authors:   Samarkand State University, Djabbarov I. , Salakhitdinova M. K. ,   Samarkand State University, Yusupov A. A. ,   Samarkand State University
Published: November 2022

The experimental results of radiation-optical studies of yttrium-aluminum garnet (YAG) crystals, non-activated and activated by rare earth ions (Y3Al5O12—TR3+), as well as phosphate glasses activated by Nd3+ ions are presented. It is shown that the main mechanisms of phonon scattering on point defects play a role in changing the radio- and thermoluminescence spectra. Keywords: radiation-optical, phosphate glass, impurity, rare-earth element, yttrium-aluminum garnet, point defect, thermoluminescence.
Attributing intentionality to artificial agents: exposure versus interactive scenarios
Authors: Parenti Lorenzo , Marchesi Serena , Belkaid Marwen , Wykowska Agnieszka
Published: November 2022

Recent studies suggest that people can interact with robots as social agents. However, it is still unclear what mental processes people rely on when inter-acting with robots. One core process in social cognition is the adoption of intentional stance, a strategy that humans use to interpret the behavior of others with reference to mental states. In this work, we sought to examine how the adoption of intentional stance may be modulated by the type of behaviors exhibited by a virtual robot and the context in which people are exposed to it. We developed an interactive virtual task and used the InStance Test to measure the attribution of intentionality to the robot. Our results show that participants attributed more intentionality to the virtual robot after interacting with it, independently of the type of behavior. Leveraging data from a previous study, we also show this increase is stronger than in a non-interactive, purely observational scenario. This study thus improves our understanding of how different contexts can affect the attribution of intention-al stance and anthropomorphism in Human-Robot Interaction.
Banana and banane: Cross-language phonological overlap supports bilingual toddlers’ word representations
Authors: Schott Esther , Moore Charlotte , Byers-Heinlein Krista
Published: November 2022

Young bilinguals need to learn words in both their languages while navigating two sets of speech sounds. Evidence is mixed as to whether this impacts their encoding of fine phonological detail in words. We used a mispronunciation paradigm to test bilinguals’ and monolinguals’ encoding of phonological detail, using cognate (e.g. banana - banane) and non-cognate words (e.g. apple - pomme) to examine the effect of cross-language phonological overlap. We tested a total of 51 French-English bilingual and English monolingual 24- to 36-month-olds on their recognition of correctly-pronounced and mispronounced familiar words using a looking-while-listening task. In a growth curve analysis, we found that bilinguals showed sensitivity to mispronounced cognate words, but not to mispronounced non-cognate words. This pattern suggests that words with high cross-language phonological overlap have more detailed phonological representations. Our results suggest that bilingual toddlers leverage cross-language phonological overlap to build highly-specified sound representations for cognates earlier than for non-cognates. Studying bilingual learners provides a unique lens for understanding the complex interplay between language experience and phonological representation.
BISNIS BERBASIS TEKNOLOGI PADA APLIKASI STOCKBIT
Authors: juliantari eka
Published: November 2022

Investasi online merupakan penanaman modal untuk mendapatkan keuntungan secara panjang. Di mana, investasi ini memiliki fungsi untuk menyimpan dana jangka panjang dan agar memiliki nilai yang lebih tinggi dari inflasi tahunan. Saat ini investasi online dan offline sudah tersedia di pasaran untuk menjangkau minat investor pemula yang kian hari kianmeningkat. Selain itu, untuk membuka akun investasi online juga kini bisa dengan sangat mudah, cepat dan fleksibel. Ada banyak aplikasi investasi saham yang dapat diunduh melaluiGoogle Play Store. Namun, dengan banyaknya aplikasi investasi saham terkadang membuat seseorang harus memilih aplikasi mana yang terbaik yang bisa digunakan. Oleh karena itu penulis melakukan kajian untuk mengetahui aplikasi investasi saham terbaik agar direkomendasikan kepada investor yang akan memulai berinvestasi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis sentimen ulasan aplikasi investasi online, yaitu stockbit, Hsb Investasi, dan Bibit. Dalam penelitian ini, metode yang akan digunakan adalah metode Random Forest. Berdasarkan analisis dan pengujian yang dilakukan, kesimpulan yang dapat ditarik adalah hasil dari implementasi random forest algoritma untuk aplikasi Stockbit pada penelitian ini menghasilkan nilai accuracy 62,50%, untuk aplikasi Bibit pada penelitian inimenghasilkan nilai accuracy 63,39%. Dan untuk aplikasi HSB pada penelitian ini menghasilkan nilai accuracy 96,25%.
The Power of ‘Then’: The Uniquely Human Capacity to Imagine Beyond the Present
Authors: Gabora Liane
Published: November 2022

When our ancestors acquired the capacity to break out of the present, it opened up an entirely unprecedented and breathtakingly creative kind of existence. This paper discusses the evolution of the uniquely human capacity to 'live in the Then.'
Persuasive Design-related Motivators, Ability Factors and Prompts in Early Childhood Apps: A Content Analysis
Authors: Mallawaarachchi Sumudu R.
Published: November 2022

Despite the increasing rates of early childhood smartphone and tablet use and the possible link to engagement-promoting persuasive digital environment design, there has been limited research examining persuasive design features in early childhood apps. The current content analysis aimed to systematically evaluate the prevalence of persuasive design features within popular early childhood apps. Comparisons in persuasive design features between free and paid apps, as well as ‘Teacher-Approved’ and other apps were also examined. A coding scheme, guided by the Fogg behavioral model (2009), was applied to 132 apps. Each persuasive feature belonged to either of the three main components; motivation, ability or prompts, and was dichotomously coded to indicate whether it was present. Of the 132 apps analyzed, a high prevalence of passive motivation features (vibrant colors and music), and ability features (in-game help suggestions and repetitive tasks) were noted across a majority of apps. Further, prompts were more prevalent in free apps compared to paid apps, while there were no differences between free and paid apps in other features. Teacher-Approved apps contained less advertising and fear-based motivation features compared to non-approved apps. These results outline the need to consider the developmental implications of persuasive design features in apps and to examine how they may contribute to problematic screen behaviors in early childhood.
A disanalogy with RCTs and its implications for second-generation causal knowledge
Authors: Lynch Kate E. , Brown Rachael , Strasser Jeremy , Yeo Shang Long
Published: November 2022

We are less optimistic than Madole and Harden that family-based GWAS will lead to significant second-generation causal knowledge. Despite bearing some similarities, family-based GWAS and RCTs are not identical. Most RCTs assess a relatively homogenous causal stimulus as a treatment, whereas GWAS assess highly heterogeneous causal stimuli. Thus, GWAS results will not translate so easily into second-generation causal knowledge.
Indoor Air Pollution (IAP) Traceable to Household Fuel Consumption and its Impact on Health
Authors: Shakya S. , Choosong T. , Techato K. , Gyawali S. , Panthee B. , Shrestha N. , Dangal M.R.
Published: November 2022

Energy is an essential and obligatory prerequisite of life. Indoor air pollution is one of the biggest environmental problems in the world being specifically concentrated in resource limited settings. Inspite of the availability of cleaner fuel technologies, people in resource limited setting still depend on traditional fuel to meet their basic needs resulting even in premature deaths. In Nepal people in rural areas are the pre-dominant users of biomass fuel, there is limited research focusing on rural areas particularly; women as they spend most of their time in kitchen. Reports were extensively searched for literature using preset keywords in English language peer-reviewed journals databases PubMed and Google Scholar published between the years 2005 to 2020. Citation details were examined, titles and abstracts screened for eligibility and if relevant, full text was also reviewed in greater detail. Findings were then presented primarily under two bold themes: Household fuel consumption: existing theories and evidence; and health impact of indoor air pollution. Several health effects were reported of indoor air pollution including respiratory illnesses, cardiovascular diseases, cancer, endocrine system disruption and pregnancy complications. These exposures almost double the health risks predominantly among children and women of rural communities as they are directly involved in household activities causing air pollution. Based on our review of evidence, women and children of rural households were the major victims. Further, determinants of household fuel consumption and health effects should be considered while formulating policies in regard to promoting accessibility of clean fuels and reducing household air pollutants.
Dyschromatosis Universalis Hereditaria
Authors: Bista M. , Agrawal S. , Agrawal Y.
Published: November 2022

Dyschromatosis universalis hereditaria (DUH) is a rare pigmentary genodermatosis usually inherited in autosomal dominant fashion characterized by multiple pinpoint to pea-sized hypo- and hyper-pigmented macules arranged in reticulate pattern that develops within the first few years of life. An 11 years old boy presented with multiple gradually progressive asymptomatic hypopigmented macules on hyperpigmented background on trunk, extremities and face since 2 years of age. Family history was absent. Punch biopsies revealed increased number of melanocytes in the epidermis with basal cell vacuolar alteration and pigmentary incontinence and perivascular infiltration by lymphocytes and melanophages in the dermis. We herein present a sporadic case of dyschromatosis universalis hereditaria.
Manifestaciones psiquiátricas en pacientes atendidos en un hospital universitario durante el confinamiento obligatorio por la pandemia de COVID 19
Authors: Rodriguez Angarita Carlos Edgardo , Villamizar Durán Mauricio , Abdala Galvis Nisrin Yaber , Tijo Torres Santiago
Published: November 2022

Introducción: no es la primera vez que la humanidad enfrenta las consecuencias catastróficas de una pandemia, hace un siglo fue la de la gripe española. La causada por COVID-19 en un mundo globalizado y conectado logró su rápida propagación, un alto impacto en el número de fallecidos y en la economía, y secuelas importantes sobre la salud mental. Objetivo: caracterizar las principales manifestaciones psiquiátricas en adultos evaluados por el servicio de psiquiatría de un hospital universitario de Bogotá, durante el confinamiento obligatorio por la pandemia de COVID-19 (20-03 a 01-06/2020). Materiales y métodos: estudio observacional retrospectivo de corte transversal que analizó las manifestaciones psiquiátricas más frecuentes en 122 pacientes. Resultados y discusión: hubo una notable reducción (47,7%) de las interconsultas, comparadas con el periodo prepandemia. El promedio de edad fue 51,7 ± 22 años, la mayoría fueron hombres (60,7%), 42,6% estaban desempleados y 92,6% eran contribuyentes del régimen de aseguramiento. Los hallazgos más frecuentes fueron ansiedad (35,2%), trastornos depresivos (32%) y delirium 23,7%; el intento suicida (12,3%) fue mayor que en un estudio previo en el servicio de urgencias. Ninguno de los pacientes presentó infección por COVID-19. Conclusiones: el confinamiento por la pandemia de COVID-19 disminuyó la demanda del servicio de psiquiatría, los trastornos de ansiedad, depresión y el intento suicida fueron los más frecuentes, siguiendo las tendencias esperadas. Es necesario desarrollar servicios de telepsiquiatría para afrontar emergencias futuras.
Perancangan Alat Pengukur Suhu Tubuh Berbasis Mikrokontroler ATMega16
Authors: Al Kautsar Hanggoro Aji
Published: November 2022

Menurut World Health Organization (WHO) penularan penyakit corona sangat cepat menyebar dan cukup mematikan. Salah satu kemungkinan gejala covid-19 adalah suhu tubuh yang tidak normal diatas 380 C dan dibawah 360 C. Pada tulisan ini, penulis ingin merancang alat pengukur suhu tubuh otomatis berbasis infrared tanpa sentuh untuk mengukur suhu tubuh manusia yang diukur. Yang mampu mengukur suhu tubuh manusia dengan jarak 15cm. Perancangan alat pengukur suhu tubuh ini menggunakan Mikrokontroler ATMega16. Dirancang untuk mempermudah mendeteksi suhu tubuh secara otomatis tanpa bantuan manusia. Untuk sensor suhu kami menggunakan modul sensor GY-906 MLX90614 yaitu untuk mengukur suhu tanpa sentuh dengan jarak maksimal 10cm dan modul laser sebagai penanda. Untuk menampilkan suhu, diggunakan LCD 16x2 dan lampu led sebagai penanda. Kemudian penulis membuat sebuah pengaturan jarak jika tidak ada objek pada jarak 10 cm pada sensor suhu maka sensor akan otomatis mati dengan modul infrared HCSR-04. Perancangan alat ini merupakan solusi yang terbaik untuk memecahkan permasalahan dalam pengukuran suhu tubuh di era pandemi saat ini. Pengukuran suhu tubuh otomatis ini tentunya lebih baik dibandingkan dengan pengukuran suhu tubuh secara manual. Dan tentunya akan meminimalisir bersentuhan yang mana merupakan salah satu bentuk penulran virus ini.
THE ROLE OF RELIGIOUS AND CULTURAL TRADITIONS IN ARABO-IRANIAN RELATIONS
Authors:   Institute of oriental studies, Russian academy of sciences (MOSCOW), Akhmedov Vladimir M.
Published: November 2022

In the last decades Iran became one of the powerful states in the Middle East. Today Iran plays a significant role in political, economic, social, religious and ideological issues of the region. Iran’s politics shape major developments in regional security and international relations in the Middle East, pursuing active policy towards Arab countries in the region. Iran plays an active role in military conflicts in several Arab countries (Iraq, Syria, Lebanon, Yemen and Libya). However, Iran’s involvement in the inner-political life of Arab countries; their societies, security affairs, and politics strengthens tensions and hostility between Arabs and Iran. The existing strains in Arabo-Iranian relations provoke the religious strife in the Middle East that takes different forms, among which are Sunny-Shiite conflicts. The worsening of Arabo-Iranian relations encourages new conflicts; it undermines power balance and destabilizes security in the Middle East. The long history of Arabo-Iranian relations still influences Iran’s policy in the Middle East. Ethnic and sectarian differences and the historical Arab-Persian rivalry reflected the major orientation of Iran’s foreign policy in general and determine some major parameters of Arabo-Iranian relations in the Middle East, in particular. Before the Arab conquest of Iran the interactions between Arabs and Iran had had many positive dimensions. The Islamization of Iran and its partial Arabization dramatically changed Iran’s cultural, social, and political development. These processes challenged the behavioral patterns of many Iranians towards Arabs and vice versa. Since that time the ethnic identity of two peoples, their adherences to Sunnis and Shiites have acquired antagonistic overtones. In this view, research of Arabization and Islamization processes as one of the main drivers of Arabo-Iranian relations and Iranian policy in the Middle East proves to be a pressing subject of grave importance.
THE EFFICIENCY OF PHOSPHOGYPSUM APPLICATION WITH ORGANICS FOR INTEGRATED COVER SOILS DURING IRRIGATION
Authors:   Russian Scientific Research Institute of Land Improvement Problems, Dokuchayeva L. M. , Yurkova R. Ye. ,   Russian Scientific Research Institute of Land Improvement Problems, Babichev A. N. ,   Russian Scientific Research Institute of Land Improvement Problems
Published: November 2022

Purpose: to determine the impact of phosphogypsum rates in combination with organic matter on the properties of integrated cover soils, their productivity, and also to substantiate the economic feasibility of their application for chemical reclamation during irrigation. Materials and methods. The studies were carried out in the Martynovsky district Rostov region for 4 years on the integrated cover soils according to the scheme of the experiment, including the application of phosphogypsum (Ph) and organic matter (OM) at certain rates. The studies were carried out according to generally accepted methods. Results. It has been stated that the phosphogypsum application at 10 t/ha rate contributed to the southern chernozem desalination up to 3 % sodium from the total soil-absorbing complex and an calcium and magnesium increase to the optimal parameters for this soil. On the solonetz, the content of exchangeable sodium decreased to 9–8 % in the variants with 10 t/ha Ph rate. In the variant with 5 t/ha Ph rate, the process of soil salinization proceeded somewhat more slowly, which is associated with an insufficient ameliorant rate for the solonetz. The accumulation of humus to the greatest extent was observed in the variant 10 t/ha Ph + 40 t/ha OM. After 4 years, it amounted to 0.24 % on the southern chernozem, and 0.19 % on the solonetz. Both soils included in the complex decompacted, and in the better option, the southern chernozem density was 1.17 t/m³, and on the solonetz – 1.20 t/m³. The soil properties improvement contributed to the increase in productivity. By the 4th year of the aftereffect of ameliorants, it increased by 73–85 % on the southern chernozem and by 69–79 % on solonetz compared with the control. The average productivity for 4 years of research on the southern chernozem ranged from 7.18 (5 t/ha Ph + 40 t/ha OM) to 8.03 t grain units/ha (10 t/ha Ph + 40 t/ha OM), and in the control 4.82 t grain units/ha. On the solonetz, respectively, it increased from 6.03 to 6.93 t grain units/ha, in the control – 4.30 t grain units/ha. Conclusions: the application of phosphogypsum with organic matter provides both reclamative and economic effect on solonetz integrated cover soils.
EXPERIMENTAL DETERMINATION OF THE ENERGY REDUCTION MAGNITUDE IN RECLAMATION PUMPING STATIONS CONSUMPTION DUE TO THE USE OF RESIDUAL ENERGY IN THE PIPELINE NETWORK
Authors:   Novocherkassk Engineering and Land Reclamation Institute – branch of the Don State Agrarian University, Urzhumova Yu. S. , Tsyplenkov D. S. ,   Novocherkassk Engineering and Land Reclamation Institute – branch of the Don State Agrarian University, Panov V. B. ,   Novocherkassk Engineering and Land Reclamation Institute – branch of the Don State Agrarian University, Tarasyants S. A. ,   Novocherkassk Engineering and Land Reclamation Institute – branch of the Don State Agrarian University
Published: November 2022

Purpose: experimental determination of the possibility of energy consumption reduction of pumping equipment of reclamation pumping stations due to the use of residual energy with a pressure fall in the pipeline network. Materials and methods. Research and calculations were carried out at the Rassvet-8 pumping station of the Izobilnensky branch of the Federal State Financed Institution “Administration Office Stavropolmeliovodkhoz”. To determine the magnitude of the energy consumption reduction experimentally, the following were established: the hydraulic parameters of the operated pumping equipment in the suction and pressure distribution pipelines at maximum pressure in the network, the amount of residual energy between points in the pipeline when withdrawing from water consumption sources in the case of a decrease in pressure in the network. Results. The hydraulic parameters of pumping equipment were determined experimentally: power consumption from 669.18 to 540.54 kW at heads from 106.88 to 126.52 m, deliveries from 0.46 to 0.28 m³/s, efficiency from 0.72 up to 0.68, total energy in the suction pipeline from 1.75 to 5.71 m, value at the point of selection of the source of water consumption at a distance of 1450 m from the building of the pumping station, head from 80.28 to 106.67 m, flow from 0.49 to 0.43 m³/s, suction pipe vacuum from 2.0 to 5.8 m; the calculated value of increasing the suction height of the pump and, as a result, reducing the pressure in the network from 10.24 to 17.92 m; the magnitude of the reduction in energy consumption with an increase in suction height using a jet apparatus from 28.04 to 70.24 kW at feed rates from 0.40 to 0.28 m³/s. Conclusions: a comparison of the results of the theoretical studies of the residual energy presence in the case of a change in the points of selection by the consumer and the difference in the actual useful power at the points of measurement of 96.1 kW and experimental data on the magnitude of the reduction in energy consumption of 70.24 kW with an increase in suction height confirms the possibility use of residual energy and reduce the pressure and power consumption of the pumps.
THE GRAPH THEORY USE IN THE FORMATION OF OPTIMAL COMPLEXES OF RECLAMATION CANAL CLEANERS
Authors:   Russian State Agrarian University – Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy, Abdulmazhidov Kh. A. , Balabanov V. I. ,   Russian State Agrarian University – Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy, Martynova N. B. ,   Russian State Agrarian University – Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy
Published: November 2022

Purpose: to consider the principles laid down in the graph theory for solving problems on formation of optimal complexes of machines for cleaning and restoring reclamation canals. Materials and methods. To form an optimal complex of machines for cleaning reclamation canals, materials that were obtained during studies of the state of the elements of both the irrigation and drainage networks of reclamation systems, which require sequential implementation of technological operations were used. To select the optimal set of canal cleaning machines from the list of existing or new ones, elements of graph theory and Dijkstra's algorithm were used. Results. The presence of a large number of various types and sizes of canal cleaners helps to solve problems tied with the removal of sediment, silting and vegetation from canals. However, from an economic point of view, the more machines are in one complex, the more expensive it is to clean the canals. At the same time, there are no complexes of machines containing a minimum of machines (one or two) capable of performing all operations for cleaning and restoring the canals of reclamation systems. Taking into account the fact that the canals can be both with a fixed bottom and without its fixing, the cleaning can be carried out using a canal cleaner with a rigid guide bucket. For the first case, it is advisable to use a rectangular bucket, and for the second – a trapezoidal profile. Such a design makes it possible to provide the design dimensions of the bottom and the canal slopes adjacent to the bottom. Conclusions. The task of forming the optimal composition of a complex of machines based on their technical-operational and technical-economic indicators can be solved by graph theory. Dijkstra's algorithm, which is most often used in finding the shortest paths in logistics, is applicable to solving problems of cleaning canals with canal cleaning systems at the lowest cost.
THE USE OF GEOINFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR INVOLVEMENT OF AGRICULTURAL LANDS LOCATED IN THE ZONE OF RECLAMATION SYSTEMS INFLUENCE INTO IRRIGATION
Authors:   Russian Scientific Research Institute of Land Improvement Problems, Ryzhakov A. N. , Kuzmitchev A. А. ,   Russian Scientific Research Institute of Land Improvement Problems, Martynov D. V. ,   Russian Scientific Research Institute of Land Improvement Problems, Kolganov A. V. ,   Russian Scientific Research Institute of Land Improvement Problems
Published: November 2022

Purpose: creation of a functional scheme for the use of geospatial analysis of factors for the involvement in irrigation of agricultural lands located in the zone of influence of reclamation systems (on the basis of Rostov region). Materials and methods. The development of the database was carried out on the basis of the functional prototype of the database “Certification of reclamation systems and hydraulic structures”. Information for filling the database was obtained from regional subordinate institutions of the Ministry of Agriculture and the Department of Land Reclamation, Federal Service of State Registration, Land Register and Mapping and other sources. The primary method of analysis is the use of location sampling, which selects special objects based on their position relative to objects in another layer. Results. A scheme for using geospatial analysis of factors for involvement into land irrigation has been developed. The main layers in the database structure are polygonal objects of two types: initial data (suspended areas to hydraulic structures, reclamation state, potentially and actually irrigated lands, etc.) and limiting sampling areas. The structure of attribute data for these layers has been developed. An example is given. Conclusions. The developed scheme for using geospatial analysis of factors can increase efficiency in solving problems of involving lands in the zone of influence of reclamation systems in irrigation. The considered example indicates that the database formed at this stage of research with the existing set of thematic layers, although it needs to be improved in terms of filling with additional layers for the completeness of the analysis, is already able to solve the tasks set to determine the most suitable areas for the implementation of irrigation, based on set parameters. Also, based on the results of the work carried out, it was found that the main problem for obtaining adequate results when conducting spatial analysis is the collection and receipt of relevant and accurate data.
SOIL AND VEGETATION COVER OF THE ESTUARY UNDER UNCONTROLLED IRRIGATION IN THE NORTH OF BARABA
Authors:   Institute of Soil Science and Agrochemistry of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Miller G. F. , Solovyev S. V. ,   Institute of Soil Science and Agrochemistry of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Bezborodova A. N. ,   Institute of Soil Science and Agrochemistry of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: November 2022

Purpose: to study the current state of the soil and vegetation cover of the territory with uncontrolled inundative irrigation as a means of agricultural production. Materials and methods. The study of vegetation and soil cover was carried out in accordance with standard approaches. The vegetation cover was described on record plots with an area of 100 sq. m, the projective cover area and species saturation were taken into account, above-ground production was determined on plots of 1 sq. m in triplicate. When studying the soil cover, full-depth soil profiles were laid. During the research, the organic carbon (humus) was determined according to Tyurin, as well as soil pH by the potentiometric method. In the course of the study of the Tai estuary, eight record plots were laid. Results. It is shown that the plant cover on upland positions is represented by meadow communities with a total foliage cover of 85 %. The above-ground phytomass is: 70.2 q/ha – green mass and 39.6 q/ha is litter. The soil cover is represented by meadow-boggy and grassland soils. In the main part of the estuary, the vegetation cover is represented by meadow-boggy communities with a total projective cover of 97 %. Above-ground phytomass is: 85.5 q/ha – green mass and 16.5 q/ha – litter. The soil cover is represented by meadow-boggy and grassland soils. The humus content in them is high, amounting to 16.3 %; the medium reaction in the central part of the estuary is slightly acidic and close to neutral in the side part. Conclusions. Despite the fact that since the 1990s last century, this territory has been irrigated uncontrollably; according to its soil cover features, these lands are still very productive hayfields, where machine haymaking is carried out. Above-ground production of estuaries is much higher than in the surrounding.
MAXIMUM ANNUAL WATER DISCHARGES OF SMALL RIVERS IN SLAVSKY DISTRICT KALININGRAD REGION
Authors:   Kaliningrad State Technical University, Naumov V. A.
Published: November 2022

Purpose: to restore the series of maximum annual water discharges (MAWD) of small rivers in Slavsky district Kaliningrad region and determine the calculated values of MAWD with the necessary availability for designers. Materials and methods. The basic material – observational data of Roshydromet for water discharges on the Zlaya, Osa and Nemoninka (Nemonin river basin) rivers and on the Instruch river. The Instruch river was used as an analogue for the restoration of the MAWD on the Zlaya river for a few missed years of observation. The river Osa has the shortest series of observations, for its restoration, as well as for the Nemonin river, the Zlaya river served as an analogue. A hypothesis that the MAWD of the rivers of the Slavsky district obey a three-parameter gamma distribution (Kritsky-Menkel) was put forward. To solve the system of integral equations, a previously developed numerical method was used. Results. A close stochastic relationship between the MAWD of the tributaries of the Nemonin river has been determined for years of joint observations. This made it possible to obtain the restored MAWD series for 1955–2019. The probability curves of three small rivers were constructed, and the hypothesis on possibility of using the Kritsky-Menkel distribution was confirmed. According to the analytical expressions of the specified distribution, the calculated values of the MAWD of the given exceedance probabilities were found. Conclusions. The hydrological characteristics of the studied rivers of the Nemonin basin are strongly influenced by the functions of water intakes of draining reclamation systems. Due to the impossibility of dividing the peak annual discharges into the maxima of rain and melt water for each river, a single series of MAWD was restored, regardless of their origin. At the tributaries of the Nemonin river, the ratio of maximum discharges to average annual ones is noticeably lower than that of the Instruch river, which is under the similar hydrological conditions, but is not subject to such a strong anthropogenic impact. The calculated MAWD modules of the given exceedance probabilities can be used in the design of drainage systems and hydraulic structures.
IRRIGATION ENVIRONMENTAL COMPONENT MANAGEMENT WITH INNOVATIVE ADAPTIVE TECHNOLOGIES
Authors:   All-Russian Research Institute of Irrigated Agriculture, Semenenko S. Ya. , Novikov A. E. ,   All-Russian Research Institute of Irrigated Agriculture
Published: November 2022

Purpose: development of agricultural technologies that ensure soil fertility conservation by selecting (adaptation) special soil protection methods in relation to the actual energy indicators of solid runoff, a certain combination of which will allow maintaining soil fertility or keeping it at a scientifically based level under critical erosional conditions, with the creation of an innovative tool. Materials and methods. The value of solid soil phase washout during the studies conducted on corn crops under conditions of critical erosional slopes was determined on runoff sites, which are the field sections equipped with measuring devices (tanks) isolated from the surrounding area (with the help of metal frames). Results. An adaptive technology that combines the application of 60 t/ha of semi-decomposed manure, the implementation of operational planning and moling, the use of differentiated moistening of a soil layer of 0.4–0.7 m, depending on the development of the corn root system with irrigation rates respectively 360–500 cub. m has been selected. The technology provides an acceptable limit of soil solid washout, less than the set scientifically based value. To intercept surface (liquid and solid) runoff, both distributed and rill, an innovative drawn tool has been developed that forms the artificial “water-bearing” subsurface reservoirs and surface “mini-reservoirs” based on an intermittent furrow and intermittent slotting, created in the time of their joint trenching and providing the accumulation of the irrigation rate. Conclusions. The developed technology and tool design make it possible to implement erosion-preventive methods with a differentiated irrigation regime, which ensures the environmental safety and soil fertility conservation of irrigated lands.
HYDRAULIC CALCULATION OF THE RESERVE SPILLWAY (BROAD-CRESTED WEIR)
Authors:   Novocherkassk, Russian Federation, Shchedrin V. N. , Kosichenko Yu. M. ,   Russian Scientific Research Institute of Land Improvement Problems, Kolganov A. V. ,   Russian Scientific Research Institute of Land Improvement Problems
Published: November 2022

Purpose: to carry out hydraulic studies and calculations of a reserve spillway structure (broad-crested weir) of a rockfill dam. Materials and methods. Current studies show that in open channels the regime of fluid movement can be different, and the boundary surfaces of the channel in some cases should be considered as hydraulically smooth, in others – as hydraulically rough. The broad-crested weir of rectangular and trapezoidal section is considered. To determine the experimental discharge coefficient of the reserve spillway of an earth rockfill dam, the known dependences for unflooded broad-crested obtained by A. R. Berezinsky and D. I. Kumin were used. Results. Based on the results of comparing the calculated flow coefficients with the experimental data of other authors, close values with the data of A. R. Berezinsky and D. N. Kumin were obtained. At the same time, the values of the discharge coefficients of the water discharge according to Berezinsky and Kumin are in the range of 0.339 and 0.324, which confirms their compliance and high accuracy. The results of the calculation of the filtration flow rate through the rockfill of the dam with a reserve spillway are the filtration flow rates in the range of 726.81–2260.76 m³/s. Conclusions. The performed calculations showed that the values of the discharge coefficients of the weir of a trapezoidal section correspond to the data obtained by A. R. Berezinsky and D. I. Kumin. At the same time, the values of the spillway discharge coefficients by Berezinsky and Kumin are within acceptable limits, which confirms their compliance. The average flow velocities passing through the broad-crested weir were: for profile 1 – 3.76 m/s, for profile 2 – 0.612 m/s, for profile 3 – 2.13 m/s.