bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Expressed Emotion and Its Relation with Anxiety in Caregivers of Psychiatric Patients
Authors: Hijam Naobi  , Dr. Devi, W. R
Published: November 2022

Expressed Emotion (EE) of the caregiver is one of the critical factors that contribute relapse of the psychiatric patient during and after treatment. Living with psychiatric patients could result in subjective burden and is usually associated with distress and stigma. Predisposing anxiety of the caregiver influences the recovery process of the mental illness. Less attention has been paid to the antecedent factors that contribute to EE of the family members. The present study was conducted to investigate the relationship between EE and anxiety, which in turn help to understand role of caregivers in the intervention process of psychiatric patients. Materials and Methods: Data were collected from 150 caregivers attending outpatient department of psychiatry, Regional Institute of Medical Sciences , Manipur, regarding socio-demographic characteristics (e.g., age, gender, domicile) using  socio-demographic performa, followed by  Family Attitude Scale and Taylor’s Manifest Anxiety scale  form caregivers of different  psychiatric patients. Descriptive statistics such as mean and standard deviation (SD) and chi square for categorical data were used. ANOVA test was also applied to compare the means of different groups. Results: Among the socio-demographic variables, statistically significant difference (P=0.002) was between monthly family income and EE of caregivers. High significant relationship was also observed between EE and level of anxiety (p=0.000). Among the different psychiatric patients, highest mean score of EE was observed in Substance related disorders (mean=49.44) followed by Psychosis NOS (mean=39.6,and significant relationship was observed between different types of psychiatric illness and level of EE(p=0.002). Insignificant relationship was observed between the duration of illness and EE. Conclusion: An avenue has opened up to understand the role of family as an important resource towards intervention of psychiatric illness  as well as the role of  significant amount of EE and level of anxiety among caregivers  indicates the need for psychosocial support to the family members for the mitigation in the EE and reduction of associated anxiety which in turn could reduce the number of relapse rates and facilitates the caregivers to manage and cope effectively with psychiatric illness.
Quadrilateral Figure Method: An Innovation in Probability Sampling Method
Authors: Dr. Sayyed Salar Gaffar
Published: November 2022

Background: Need is mother of searches we all accept that. Research in area is expected be creative and innovative. Researcher realizes need of one another fast and scientific Random Sampling Method, therefore researcher present here Quadrilateral Figure Method (Q.F.M.). This is an essential innovation in Probability Sampling Methods. Conclusion: The Quadrilateral Figure Method (Q.F.M.) is very useful, very easy to use and also more representative, impartial, accurate and unbiased. This method demands low time, low expense and low hard work than other types of Simple Random Probability Sampling Methods.
Students’ Academic Self-Concept: A Founding Strategy in Learning Process
Authors: Jusuf Blegur  , M. Rambu P. Wasak  , Poho Pabala
Published: November 2022

Educators expect that the students perform optimally in order to support the achievement of learning objectives. However, they need to reflect the internal and external environments created to support the direction of the totality of students or vice versa. This study reports a qualitative investigation concerning to strategies that train the development of students’ academic self-concepts during the learning process. There were four sixth semester students of Physical Education, Health, and Recreation program who are willing to be actively involved in sharing their learning experiences, including: 1) Lodolaleng D, 2) Lassa YY, 3) Nalle FJB, and 4) Nama LR (M = 21.5 years). Researchers used participation observation techniques, in-depth interviews, field notes, and focus group discussions when collecting data. The results proved the students’ academic self-concept is trained using six strategies, including: 1) Logical consequences, 2) Challenging responsibilities, 3) Dynamic expression media, 4) Solution-based feedback, 5) Direct evaluation of learning outcomes, objective, and transparent, and 6) Integrating thoughts and behaviors that motivate.
Motivation and Leadership Skills
Authors: Ms. Sneha Hazra  , Ms. Ananya Mishra1  , Ms. Isha Gulati1  , Ms. Tanya Sapra1  , Ms. Rahmath Firdaus1
Published: November 2022

Motivation is the process that directs an individual to indulge in goal directed behavior and show persistent efforts. A leader is the one holding a dominant position in a group of individuals realizing a common goal, strategies and directing actions towards the goal coherently. The purpose of this study is to realize the correlation between intrinsic motivation and leadership skills, and to recognize if it is responsible for attaining one’s goals, tasks and challenge as a leader. The hypothesis seeks for a positive correlation between intrinsic motivation and leadership skills in an individual. The sample comprises 60 students from a university setting within the age group of 18-25 years. The tools used for the study are- (1) Self- Motivation Inventory developed by Milana Leshinsky and Larina Kase, and (2) Leadership Assessment Scale by John C. Maxwell.
Self-Compassion and Self-Esteem as Predictors of Life-Satisfaction and Perceived Stress among Adults
Authors: Sandhya Shivakumar  , Veena Easvaradoss
Published: November 2022

Introduction: Self-esteem and self-compassion are widely researched concepts related to positive life outcomes and self-perception, and has superior mental health benefits. Objectives: The study evaluates the relationship between self-compassion and self-esteem, and their influence as predictors of life satisfaction and perceived stress among adults.  Method: Purposive sampling included 126 participants between 18-40 years of age;  questionnaires were administered to measure self-compassion, self-esteem, perceived stress and life satisfaction. Self-compassion subscales and self-esteem were included in stepwise regression analysis to identify predictors of perceived and satisfaction with life, and Pearson Correlation was used to examine the relationship between them. Results showed that self-compassion was negatively correlated with self-esteem. Over-identification subscale was a significant positive predictor of perceived stress and, mindfulness subscale and self-esteem negatively predicted perceived stress. Also, self-esteem strongly predicted life satisfaction positively and only isolation subscale was found to significantly predict life satisfaction negatively. No gender or age differences were found for self-compassion. Conclusion: Holistic life adjustment appears to be influenced by one’s self-esteem and self-compassion. Implications for well-being will be discussed.
Teaching Effectiveness of Secondary School Teachers in Relation to their Morale
Authors: Dr. G. B. Devamma
Published: November 2022

Teachers’ role is changing today. Besides imparting knowledge, he should also diagnose the learner’s needs and problems. He should be a friend, philosopher and guide. The effectiveness of educational system largely depends upon the active, resourceful and competent teacher. So there is a great need to pay more attention to teaching effectiveness and its implication for classroom teaching. Therefore the present study has made an attempt to study the correlation between Teaching Effectiveness of secondary school teachers and their morale. The sample of 200 teachers was selected by quota sampling technique from secondary schools of Tumkur Educational District. The data was collected by using Teachers’ Morale Inventory and Teaching Effectiveness scale constructed by Dr.B.G.Sudha and Sri B.S.Satyanarayana. The findings reveal that teachers with high morale were better in their Teaching Effectiveness. The teachers of Government schools were significantly better in their Teaching Effectiveness and gender has no influence on Teaching Effectiveness of secondary school teachers
General Health Status of Women Beedi Workers in Mysuru City
Authors: Ms. Anjum Aliya  , Kumudini Achchi
Published: November 2022

The present study is an attempt to find out the health status of the beedi workers representing unorganized sector of Mysuru. A total of 900 respondents were selected from eight different areas of Mysuru. Based on the availability of respondents and the majority of contribution from female employees who are home based beedi workers. The tools used for the study were General Health Questionnaire (GHQ) which identifies minor psychiatric problems such as depression, sleeplessness, anxiety, feelings of worthlessness, insecurity, pessimism and suicidal tendencies.  The results revealed that the whole 53.3% of the selected beedi workers sample expressed somatic symptoms, 51.9% of them expressed anxiety, 42.6% of them were suffering from social dysfunction and 32.8% of them had severe depression. Area of the beedi workers had significant influence over somatic symptoms, where respondents from Udayagiri expressed highest somatic symptoms, anxiety, social dysfunction and severe depression too. Respondents from Kesare expressed lesser GHQ symptoms of somatic symptoms, anxiety, social dysfunction and severe depression.
Extent of Instagram Addiction among College Students in Mysuru City: Influence of Select Demographic Factors
Authors: Lancy D’Souza
Published: November 2022

Recently the utilization of social networking applications is on the rise among college students.  The present study attempts to find out the prevalence of Instagram addiction among college students studying in Mysuru city. The sample consisted of a total of 1342 college students of which 672 were male students and 670 were female students studying in Arts, Commerce/management and science courses in various colleges of Mysuru city. The students completed Test for Instagram addiction (TIA) developed by D’Souza, Samyukta and Bivera (2018) in one session. Test for Instagram addiction measured addiction in 6 factors– Lack of control, Disengagement, Escapism, Health and interpersonal troubles, Excessive use and Obsession. The data were analysed using Independent samples tests to find out the extent of usage of Instagram by male and female students and chi-square tests were done to find out the association between levels of Instagram addiction and select demographic factors. Results revealed that on an average the number of hours spent on Instagram during weekdays and weekends were 3.40 and 3.13 hours respectively, female students spent more time Instagram. It was found that an alarming 58.6% of the sample selected was addict prone to Instagram, and 3.9% of the sample studied was definitely addicts. Female students had higher addiction towards Instagram than male students. Students from rural and urban area were more addicted to Instagram than students from semi-urban areas. Students pursuing arts course were more addicted to Instagram than students pursuing science or commerce/management
Multidimensional Personality of Teacher Aspirants: A Dimension wise Analysis
Authors: Prof. Vandana S. Mundase-Gaur
Published: November 2022

Personality, in broad sense, is a dynamic organization of those psycho-physical system within the individual that determines his unique adjustment to his environment. Personality is a pecularised integration of number of constituent components. The term personality encompasses physique, intellect, temperament, attitude, aptitude, character, social and emotional peculiarities etc…. There isn’t a single holistic definition till date. Hence, it would be incorrect if measured on the basis of one component. The study is aimed at analysing certain important dimensions of the personality , especially six dimensions as high/low self concept, Intro/ extroversioness, Dependence/ independence, Balance/imbalance, Temperament, adjustment ability and Anxiety. The investigation is focused on the levels or nature of personality dimensions among trainee teachers in relation to gender. Multidimensional Personality Inventory (MPI) constructed by Manjurani Agrawal was used to collect the data. The study conducted on a sample size of 100 trainee teachers including 48 male and 52 female, revealed that the female trainee teachers possess higher level of introversionness than their male counterparts but teacher trainees fall in the category of individuals with ambivert nature. Insignificant difference occurred  among trainee teachers when compared on the grounds of self concept, Temperament and adjustment ability. Both males and females were with moderate anxiety level.  The level of Depending attitude was low i.e it didn’t offer any scope for difference with respect to gender among trainee teachers.
Does Anxiety Influence Instagram Addiction among College Students?
Authors: Lancy D’Souza  , Hemamalini, M.J
Published: November 2022

This study attempted to find out the relationship between anxiety and Instagram addiction of students pursuing pre university and degree courses. The sample consisted of 131 students comprising of students aged between 14-23 years. The students completed Test for Instagram addiction (TIA) developed by D’Souza, Samyukta and Bivera (2018) and anxiety measurement from DASS (Lovibond & Lovibond, 1995). Test for Instagram addiction measured addiction in 6factors–Lack of control, Disengagement, Escapism, Health and interpersonal troubles, Excessive use and Obsession. Through DASS, the authors measured anxiety scores. Pearson’s product moment correlations were employed to find out the relationship between factors of Instagram addiction and anxiety. Simple linear regression was employed to find out the slopes of various components of Instagram addiction to anxiety.   Results revealed that as the anxiety scores increased addiction to Instagram in components lack of control, disengagement, health and interpersonal troubles and obsession increased and in total scores, also increased linearly and significantly. Increased anxiety lead to lack of control over usage of Instagram, health and interpersonal troubles, and disengagement for the college students.
Study of Professional Commitment of Secondary School Teachers across Certain Demographic Variables
Authors: Dr. Md. Mahmood Alam
Published: November 2022

The present study was conducted to find out the differences in professional commitment of secondary school teachers across certain demographic variables. The sample of the study consisted of 111 randomly selected teachers [58 males: 29 government school teachers (18 rural & 11 urban) and 29 private school teachers (09 rural & 20 urban); 53 females: 28 government school teachers (18 rural & 10 urban) and 25 private school teachers (11 rural & 14 urban)] teaching in government and private secondary schools of Aligarh (U.P.) Professional Commitment Scale for Teachers by Ravinder Kaur, Sarbjit Kaur Ranu and Sarvjeet Kaur Brar (2011) was administered to collect the data. The data were analyzed using descriptive analyses (Mean, Standard Deviations) and differential analyses (‘t’- test). The results of the study revealed that (i) there is significant difference between male and female secondary school teachers in respect of professional commitment (ii) there is no significant difference between rural and urban secondary school teachers in respect of professional commitment (iii) there is significant difference between government and private secondary school teachers in respect of professional commitment. Therefore, it is the responsibility of the head of institutions to create friendly environment, provide proper resources, develop good rapport, communicate effectively and deal with the staffs with utmost care and respect. Competencies of teachers may also be enhanced with the help of teacher training programs viz. workshops, seminars and interaction with experts.
Influence of Peer Relationships on the Happiness of Early Adolescents
Authors: Sharon Suganthi Caroline. S  , Reshma. R  , Yashita Jain  , Dr. Keerthi Pai
Published: November 2022

Early adolescence- roughly between the ages 10 and 14 is a time in the life span in which individuals undergo a myriad of changes at different levels, such as changes due to cognitive development, physical development and psychosocial development. The present study investigates the influence of peer relationships on the happiness of early adolescents. This is a non-experimental study that describes the correlation between two variables using a survey method. The study was conducted on 100 participants (50 males and 50 females) between the ages of 10 to 14 years. The IPPA (Inventory of Parent and Peer Attachment) (Armsden, G.C., & Greenberg, M.T.1987) was used in order to assess the adolescents’ perceptions of the relationship with their close friends- particularly how well these figures serve as sources of psychological security (Reliability = 0.91; Validity = 0.57). The Oxford Happiness Questionnaire (Hills, P., & Argyle, M.2002) was administered in order to assess the current level of happiness in adolescents (Reliability = 0.92). Statistical analysis was done using Pearson’s product moment correlation, independent samples t test, one-way analysis of variance and simple linear regression. The results of the data analyzed using Pearson’s correlation revealed a positive correlation between peer relationships and the happiness level of early adolescents. However, based on gender and other demographic variables, the groups did not significantly differ. The study also found that the peer relationships among the adolescents predicted their current happiness level by 18%. Although the sample is small and limited to a specific geographical area, the results emphasize the importance of understanding the impact of peer relationships on the emotional well-being (happiness) of early adolescents. This study is relevant when identifying and working with individuals who are at risk for maladaptive outcomes such as social withdrawal and emotional distress, who lack healthy peer attachments.
The Role of Parental Alcohol Abuse on Children Detachment to the Streets in Kabale Municipality, Uganda
Authors: Adeodata Ahimbisibwe  , Sr. Dr. Elizabeth O. Ngozi  , Department of Psychology, Tangaza University, Africa
Published: November 2022

This study investigated how parental alcohol abuse influences children leaving their homes in Kabale municipality, Uganda. The study was guided by Erickson’s psychosocial development theory in view of the environment that would facilitate or hinder proper development. Phenomenological research design of the qualitative approach was used in the study. Children who left their homes due to parental alcohol abuse were the targeted population accessible at The Shepherd Center and Grace Villa children-care centres. A sample size of 15 participants consisted of 5 boys, and 5 girls living in children-care centers, 4 children caretakers from the children-care centers, and a Probation Officer was purposefully selected. Interview and observation methods were used to collect data. Colleagues and supervisors reviewed the research instruments for validity. Triangulation of participants and voice recorder facilitated reliability and trustworthiness. Data analysis procedure was by transcribing, and then coding according to research questions, followed by presenting, discussing, and interpreting in a narrative form. The findings revealed that children left their homes because their drunken parents neglected them by their absence, the inadequate provision of basic needs such as food, and abused them by beating, unpredictability, insulting, rejection, and sending them out of the house at night. Consequently boys left home and went to the streets while girls went either for early marriage, prostitution, and working in hotels or house girls. The participants suggested community sensitization, laws and regulations regarding the production, marketing and consumption of alcohol, and ensuring children are in school as possible interventions to control parental alcohol abuse in Kabale municipality. The study also recommended psychotherapy for parents involved in alcohol abuse and resilience training for children to buffer against the negative influences of parental alcohol abuse.
Super Imposing Psycho-Electromagnetic Waves/Telepathic Waves on Individual Consciousness. During This Phenomena Which Brain Centers/ Bioplasmic Channels are Being Activated
Authors: V.R. Shyanbhag
Published: November 2022

ACTIONS happen through consciousness. British researchers believe that experimental findings suggest consciousness could exist in the absence of a functioning brain. Many seekers testify to this observation that the microcosm is the macrocosm in miniature. Growth in the real sense enables a person to ‘see’ (or experience) the untapped potential. Energy can take many forms and may be transformed into various other forms. They may be electromagnetic physical waves or psychic waves of the combined unified electro-magnetic waves plus psychic waves which are termed as “Psycho electromagnetic Waves”.
The Development of Spelling Ability in Emerging Literates: An Investigation of Different Models
Authors: Krishna Kumar Pandey  , Smita Jha
Published: November 2022

Purpose – The aim of this paper is to analyse the existing models of spelling development. Researchers who have observed children’s writing have not been able to reach a consensus over the development of spelling in children’s initial schooling years. Differing opinions broadly categorise spelling into linear development and non-linear development models. This paper investigates questions like, whether or not spelling stages exist, if the stages exist do they exist distinctly, and can we trace the elements of every single stage throughout a child’s spelling development. Design/Methodology/Approach – A systematic identification of peer-reviewed studies was done for inclusion in this study. Both quantitative and qualitative studies dealing with the theme of spelling development were first scrutinized and then selectively included. From the beginning, it was maintained that the included studies must represent a diversity in deciphering the nature of the spelling development. In order to fulfil this objective, the range of the included studies varies between the pioneer studies of the spelling development from the 1970s till 2017.  Findings – The author’s search yields that there is a contradiction between both linear and non-linear models. The linear model asserts that spelling competency develops through hierarchical and sequential stages that move towards phonological to orthographical and morphological writing. By indicating the inadequacy of linear model, the non-linear model suggests that the ability to spell develops through the composite interaction of phonology, morphology, and orthography. By asserting the statistical learning theory, the non-linear model claims that this composite interaction develops non-linearly by rich exposure to printed language materials and writings. Additionally, the nature of the writing system and the degree of phonological and orthographic correspondence also shape the spelling process of a language. Research limitations – The limitation of this study is that it is based on the Latin scripts exclusively. Therefore, the spelling development process concerning the scripts other than Latin is untouched. Originality/Value – This study offers a possibility for integrating the existing models in order to understand the process of spelling development and the aspects of the phonological, orthographic, and morphological awareness of literacy.
Psychological Well-Being among the Nurses Working In the Hospitals
Authors: Mr. Vinayak A. Chauhan
Published: November 2022

The present study aimed to know the psychological well-being among the nurses working in the hospitals. “The Psychological Well-being Scale” prepared by Dr. Devendra Singh Sisodia and Ms. Pooja Choudhary (2012) were used. The sample constituted total 120 nurses out of which 60 were from male nurses working in the hospital (40 day shift and 40 night shift) and female nurses working in the hospital (40 day shift and 40 night shift) from Gujarat State. The data was scored, analyzed as per the manual. ‘t’ test was being calculated. The result showed that (1) There is no significant difference in the mean score of psychological well-being among the male and female nurses working in the hospital and (2) The nurses working in the night shift have more psychological well being than nurses working in the day shift.
Benefícios e malefícios do uso de esteroides anabólicos para a melhora da performance física: uma revisão narrativa
Authors: Dias Ana Carolina Viana Vasconcelos , Moura Letícia Torres , Correia Thiago Guedes , Sant’Ana Thiago Pereira , Oliveira Ana Lidia Ferreira de , Felício Indira da Silva , Marques Matheus Santos
Published: November 2022

Objetivo: Compreender os riscos e benefícios da utilização dos anabolizantes derivados da testosterona e sua relação com a mídia. Revisão Bibliográfica: O abuso de Esteroides Androgênicos Anabólicos (EAA) está relacionado com uma variedade de diferentes efeitos colaterais cardiovasculares. Podem desenvolver acne, um dos efeitos colaterais dermatológicos mais comuns do uso indiscriminado e abusivo dos esteroides anabolizantes. Outro efeito do uso indevido de EAA é o desenvolvimento de estrias nas axilas, deltoides e peitorais em decorrência do rápido ganho de peso. Além disso, pode levar a problemas de fertilidade devido ao alto risco de atrofia testicular. Ademais, a sociedade de consumo tem a aparência corporal como qualidade de extrema relevância. A partir do surgimento de novos métodos para o cuidado e manejo dos corpos, tais como dietas, cirurgias com fins estéticos e o treino de força, o corpo transformou-se no centro das atenções. Considerações finais: Sua utilização deve ser analisada e prescrita por um profissional capacitado pois seus benefícios não compensam os malefícios. Nessa perspectiva é importante ressaltar a influência midiática que leva a uma busca constante de um padrão de estética utópico.
Microalgae as sources of green bioactives for health-enhancing food supplements and nutraceuticals: A review of literature
Authors: Bhagea Ritesh , Hossen Aicha Malleck , Ruhee Devianee , Puchooa Daneshwar , Bhoyroo Vishwakalyan , Boodia Navindra
Published: November 2022

The world population is ever increasing and so is the need to ensure food security. Food production needs to increase by about 70% within the next 40 years to cater for food consumption. Moreover, with increasing collective consciousness toward food supplementation for improving quality of health, the development of nutraceuticals has gained prominence in disease prevention, treatment, and overall health improvement. However, due to the constant controversial debate of food production for consumption against other uses, the search for better alternatives led to microalgae. Species such as Spirulina, Chlorella, Scenedesmus, and Dunaliella, among many others, are important sources of primary and secondary metabolites that play crucial roles in disease prevention and treatment. Understanding the significance of nutraceuticals and how microalgae can be used to produce those value-added molecules is necessary for any potential commercial exploitation. This review discusses the potential of microalgae to be exploited as promising sources of nutraceuticals. Here, essential biomolecules used as nutraceuticals are explored and their crucial roles in disease prevention, especially cancer, cardiovascular diseases, and strengthening the immune system. The composition of microalgae, which makes them suitable candidates to produce nutraceuticals, is discussed. Furthermore, the multifarious aspects of microalgae cultivation, in terms of cultivation systems and factors affecting biomass production and productivity regarding nutraceutical production, are reviewed. The multiple sustainable facets of microalgae culture, which can help in carbon sequestration, fast biomass production, and boosting health benefits, should interest stakeholders and potential commercial producers. Bioprocessing of microalgae for the extraction and purification of microalgae-based products is also reviewed, focusing on the key methods of pre-treatment, extraction, and purification of microalgal biomass.
Evaluation of a diverse collection of red clover for forage quality and antioxidant activity
Authors: Vasiljević Sanja , Radinović Irena , Branković Gordana , Krstić Sanja , Prodanović Slaven , Živanović Tomislav , Katanski Snežana
Published: November 2022

Description of the subject. Red clover is an important forage legume and a rich source of high quality forage for livestock feed. This study assesses a diverse red clover collection for agronomic value, forage quality and antioxidant activity in relation to status (cultivar vs natural population) and ploidy level (diploid or tetraploid) for the purpose of diversity study and for identification of potential heterotic groups and classification of accessions according to the results of analyses. Objectives. The aims of this research were to: i) explore agronomic traits, forage quality, and antioxidant activity in relation to status and ploidy level; ii) assess trait associations and the possibility of indirect selection; iii) cluster red clover accessions with regard to forage quality and antioxidant activity. Method. Red clover was represented by 46 accessions, the cultivars and natural populations of diploid (2n) and tetraploid (4n) ploidy levels from 17 countries, which were collected and preserved in the Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops in Novi Sad, Serbia. The following traits were determined from the two-year field trial at Rimski Šančevi, Serbia: plant height (PH), internodes number (IN), green mass yield (GMY), dry matter yield (DMY), crude protein (CP), acid detergent fiber (ADF), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), digestible dry matter (DDM), dry matter intake (DMI), relative feed value (RFV) and antioxidant activity. All accessions were characterized in the second cut of the second year of life when 20-25% of flowers appeared. Results. The cultivars had higher values for PH, IN, GMY, DMY, DDM, DMI, and RFV. The tetraploid accessions had higher values for IN, GMY, DMY, CP, NDF and DDM. The natural populations and diploid accessions had 39.9% and 21.9% smaller antioxidant capacity, respectively. The antioxidant capacity was positively associated with RFV, DDM, DMI, PH, IN, GMY and DMY, but negatively with ADF and NDF. Conclusions. The grouping of red clover accessions based on forage quality parameters and antioxidant activity was represented by five clusters. High-quality cultivars had a shorter length of internodes and a good leaf to stem ratio with a high leaf proportion.
Social Innovations as a Regional Social and Economic System Sustainability Factor
Authors: Талерчик Сергей Михайлович
Published: November 2022

Исследуется процесс социальных инноваций как фактор социально-экономической устойчивости страны и регионов. Рассматриваются причины появления и влияние социальных инноваций на общество, четко обозначаются факторы, препятствующие стабильному развитию и внедрению социальных инноваций в России. В выводах к статье приводится ряд авторских рекомендаций, способствующих повышению уровня формирования социальных инноваций на устойчивой основе, как в стране, так и в регионе.
Public Health as Strategic Priority of Social Policy in Russia
Authors: Карпова Галина Алексеевна , Ткачев Вадим Александрович
Published: November 2022

Актуальность исследования обосновывается необходимостью решения насущных проблем и выработки оптимальных управленческих действий по повышению эффективности функционирования существующей системы общественного здоровья в нашей стране. В статье дается методологическое обоснование возможности применения системного подхода к структурированию ключевых проблем и барьеров развития системы общественного здоровья, решение которых должно быть основано на поиске оптимальных путей взаимодействия государства, бизнеса и общества. Авторами разработан, и предложен к практическому использованию ряд рекомендаций по повышению эффективности внедрения системы общественного здоровья. Отдельное внимание уделено вопросам корпоративной социальной ответственности российских бизнес-структур, повышения требований к качеству и технологическому регламенту производства пищевой продукции, обеспечения здоровья детей и молодежи.

The relevance of the research is based on the need to solve topical problems and take optimal managerial measures to increase the effectiveness of public health system existing in our country. We offer a methodological substantiation of system approach to structuring key problems and barriers to developing public health system that should be eliminated by finding optimal ways of interaction of state, business and society. We develop and suggest for practical use a set of guidelines to increase the effectiveness of public health system. Special attention is paid to the problems of corporate social responsibility of Russian business, stricter requirements to the quality and production procedures of food industry, securing the health of children and young people.
Role of Marketing in Consumer Demand Formation
Authors: Ирина В.К. , Георгий С.Д.
Published: November 2022

Анализируется вопрос о роли маркетинга как ключевого фактора в формировании спроса потребителей. На основе анализа рыночной деятельности двух крупных компаний с мировым именем «Ikea» и «PepsiCo» определены основные факторы, оказывающие влияние на формирование спроса потребителей.

We analyze the role of marketing in forming consumer demand. We distinguish the main factors influencing the formation of consumer demand on the basis of the analysis of two companies with global reputation, namely IKEA and PepsiCo.
Multi-enzyme co-immobilization on tri-heterofunctional supports
Authors: Santiago-Arcos Javier , Velasco-Lozano Susana , López Gallego Fernando
Published: November 2022

Multi-enzyme cascade biotransformations in one pot are gaining momentum since they have demonstrated enhanced catalytic performance than traditional step-by-step transformations requiring sequential pots. Although their evident advantages, the co-immobilization of several enzymes requiring different anchoring chemistries and stability conditions is still challenging. In this work, we exploited an heterofunctional support activated with three different chemical functionalities in order to immobilize a wide variety of different enzymes under mild conditions. This support is based on agarose microbeads activated with aldehyde, amino and cobalt-chelates moieties that allow a fast and irreversible immobilization of enzymes (5 to 30 min), making most of the heterogeneous biocatalysts highly thermostable (up to 21-fold higher than the soluble one). We also demonstrated the potential of this tri-functional support to efficiently co-immobilize a multi-enzyme system composed by an alcohol dehydrogenase, a NADH oxidase and a catalase. The confined multi-enzymatic system demonstrates higher performance than the soluble enzyme counterparts reaching and accumulated TTN of 1x104 during five batch consecutive cycles under operational conditions. Finally, we expanded the versatility of the described exploited heterogeneous chemistry to other frequently used immobilization supports such as cellulose microbeads and commercial methacrylate porous beads. We envision this solid material to be a reference platform for co-immobilizing multi-enzyme systems with enhanced properties to catalyze stepwise biotransformations.
Enabling pure CO2 reduction on Ni-YSZ electrodes: Operando studies indicate an oxide-mediated mechanism
Authors: Kamboj Vipin , Raychowdhury Soham , Ranjan Chinmoy
Published: November 2022

Ni-YSZ-based electrodes are well-established in the field of solid oxide technologies. Ni/YSZ-based architectures have well-known performance and mechanical properties besides well-established manufacturing processes. Solid oxide-based CO2 electrolysis on Ni-YSZ at high temperature requires the presence of H2 in the CO2 inlet stream. It is believed that in pure CO2 streams the reaction fails due to oxidation of the Ni-YSZ electrode. Using operando Raman spectroscopy and online mass spectroscopy, we have shown that CO2 can in fact be reduced on the Ni-YSZ surface. Our measurements, reveal that Ni-YSZ oxidizes to NiOx-YSZ within a pure CO2 stream. CO2 electrolysis is possible on this oxide surface via a surface oxygen and vacancy-mediated mechanism similar to those observed within other oxide cathodes such as CeOx. The deactivation of the electrode coincides with strongly reducing conditions and at current densities > 400 mA/cm2, NiOx is completely reduced coinciding with complete stoppage of CO production. Cu-impregnation into Ni-YSZ was demonstrated to mitigate the deactivation issue by forming a more stable surface oxide on Ni which continued to carry out CO2 reduction under strongly reducing conditions. The new electrode demonstrated improved kinetics and stability against carbon deposition via Bouduard reaction.
Long timescale ensemble methods in molecular dynamics: Ligand-protein interactions and allostery in SARS-CoV-2 targets
Authors: Bhati Agastya P. , Hoti Art , Potterton Andrew , Coveney Peter V.
Published: November 2022

We subject a series of five protein-ligand systems which contain important SARS-CoV-2 targets - 3-chymotrypsin-like protease, papain-like protease and adenosine ribose phosphatase - to long- timescale and adaptive sampling molecular dynamics simulations. By performing ensembles of ten or twelve 10-microsecond simulations for each system, we accurately and reproducibly determine ligand binding sites, both crystallographically resolved and otherwise, thereby discovering binding sites that can be exploited for drug discovery. We also report robust, ensemble-based observation of conformational changes that occur at the main binding site of 3CLPro due to the presence of another ligand at an allosteric binding site. We investigate the reliability and accuracy of long-timescale trajectories. Due to the chaotic nature of molecular dynamics trajectories, individual trajectories do not allow for accurate or reproducible elucidation of macroscopic expectation values. Upon comparing the statistical distribution of protein-ligand contact frequencies for these ten/twelve 10- microsecond trajectories, we find that over 90% of trajectories have significantly different contact frequency distributions. Furthermore, using a direct binding free energy calculation protocol, we determine the ligand binding free energies for each of the identified sites using the long-timescale simulations. The free energies differ by 0.77 to 7.26 kcal/mol across individual trajectories depending on the binding site and the system. We show that although this is the standard way such quantities are currently reported at long-timescale, individual simulation does not yield reliable free energy. Ensembles of independent trajectories are necessary to overcome the aleatoric uncertainty in order to obtain statistically meaningful and reproducible results. Our findings here are generally applicable to all molecular dynamics based applications and not just confined to free energy methods used in this study. Finally, we compare the application of different free energy methods to these systems and discuss their advantages and disadvantages.
Quantitative and Repetitive Control of Subcellular Protein–Protein Interaction Using a Photochromic Dimerizer
Authors: Mashita Takato , Kowada Toshiyuki , Yamamoto Hayashi , Hamaguchi Satoshi , Matsui Toshitaka , Mizukami Shin
Published: November 2022

Artificial control of intracellular protein dynamics with high precision provides deep insight into complicated biomolecular networks. Optogenetics and caged compound-based chemically induced dimerization (CID) systems are emerging as tools for spatiotemporally regulating intracellular protein dynamics. However, both technologies face several challenges for accurate control such as the duration of activation, deactivation rate, and repetition cycles. Herein, we report a photochromic CID system that employs the photoisomerization of a ligand so that both association and dissociation are controlled by light, enabling quick, repetitive, and quantitative regulation of the target protein localization upon violet and green light illumination. We also demonstrated the usability of the photochromic CID system as a potential tool to finely manipulate intracellular protein dynamics to study diverse cellular processes. Utilizing this system to manipulate PINK1/Parkin-mediated mitophagy, we showed that PINK1 recruitment to the mitochondria can promote Parkin recruitment to proceed with mitophagy.
Locating Guest Molecules inside Metal-Organic Framework Pores with a Multilevel Computational Approach
Authors: Ernst Michelle , Poręba Tomasz , Gnägi Lars , Gryn'ova Ganna
Published: November 2022

Molecular docking has traditionally mostly been employed in the field of protein- ligand binding. Here, we extend this method, in combination with DFT-level geometry optimizations, to locate guest molecules inside the pores of metal-organic frameworks. The position and nature of the guest molecules tune the physicochemical properties of the host-guest systems. Therefore, it is essential to be able to reliably locate them to rationally enhance the performance of the known metal-organic frameworks and facilitate new material discovery. The results obtained with this approach are compared to experimental data. We show that the presented method can, in general, accurately locate adsorption sites and structures of the host-guest complexes. We therefore propose our approach as a computational alternative when no experimental structures of guest-loaded MOFs are available. Additional information on the adsorption strength in the studied host-guest systems emerges from the computed interaction energies. Our findings provide the basis for other computational studies on MOF-guest systems and contribute to a better understanding of the structure-interaction-property interplay associated with them.
Water harvesting by thermoresponsive ionic liquids: A molecular dynamics study of the water absorption kinetics and of the role of nanostructuring
Authors: Forero-Martinez Nancy C. , Cortes-Huerto Robinson , Ward Lainey , Ballone Pietro
Published: November 2022

Ionic liquids (IL) whose water solutions are thermoresponsive provide an appealing route to harvest water from the atmosphere at an energy cost that can be filled by solar heating. IL/water solutions that present a lower critical solution temperature (LCST), i.e., demix upon increasing temperature, represent the most promising choice for this task since they could absorb vapour during the night when its saturation is highest and release liquid water during the day. The kinetics of water absorption at the surface and the role of nanostructuring in this process have been investigated by atomistic molecular dynamics simulations for the ionic liquid [P$_{4444}$][DMBS] whose LCST in water occurs at $T=36$ $^{\circ}$C for solutions of $50-50$ wt\% composition. The simulation results show that water molecules are readily adsorbed on the IL and migrate along the surface to form 3D islands. On a slightly longer time scale, ions crawl on these islands, covering water and recreating the original surface whose free energy is particularly low. At high deposition rate, this mechanism allows the fast incorporation of large amounts of water, producing subsurface water pockets that eventually merge into the populations of water-rich and IL-rich domains in the nanostructured bulk. Simulation results suggest that strong nanostructuring could ease the separation of water and water-contaminated IL phases even before the macroscopic demixing.
Elucidating electrochemical nitrate and nitrite reduction over atomically-dispersed transition metal sites
Authors: Murphy Eamonn , Liu Yuanchao , Matanovic Ivana , Huang Ying , Ly Alvin , Guo Shengyuan , Zang Wenjie , Yan Xingxu , Martini Andrea , Timoshenko Janis , Roldán Cuenya Beatriz , V. Zenyuk Iryna , Pan Xiaoqing , D. Spoerke Erik , Atanassov Plamen
Published: November 2022

Electrocatalytic reduction of waste nitrates (NO3-) enables the synthesis of ammonia (NH3) in a carbon neutral and decentralized manner. Atomically dispersed metal-nitrogen-carbon (M-N-C) catalysts with varying metal centers uniquely favor mono-nitrogen products (e.g., NH3), as well as provide synergistic supports for nanoparticle catalysts. But the reaction fundamentals remain largely underexplored. Herein, we report a set of 3d-, 4d-, 5d- and f-block atomically dispersed M-N-C catalysts with a well-defined M-Nx coordination. The selectivity and activity of NO3- reduction to NH3 in neutral media were thoroughly studied, with a specific focus on deciphering the role of the NO2- intermediate in the reaction cascade, wherein strong correlations (R=0.9) were found between the NO2- reduction activity and NO3- reduction selectivity for NH3. Moreover, theoretical computations identified the associative/dissociative adsorption pathways for NO2- evolution, over the normal M-N4 sites and their oxo-form (O-M-N4) for certain oxyphilic metals. The free energies for the reductive adsorption of nitrate [∗ + NO3− → ∗NO2 ], correlated strongly with experimental NH3 selectivity. This work provides a platform for designing multielement NO3RR cascades with single-atom sites or their hybridization with extended catalytic surfaces.
State Appropriations and Employment at Higher Education Institutions
Authors: Hinrichs Peter L.
Published: November 2022

This paper studies the impacts of state appropriations on staffing and salaries at public higher education institutions in the United States using employment and revenue data from the Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System, along with an instrumental variables strategy borrowed from Deming and Walters (2018) and Chakrabarti, Gorton, and Lovenheim (2020). The instrument sidesteps the potential endogeneity of state appropriations for a given institution in a given year by interacting an institution’s historical reliance on state appropriations with total state appropriations for all higher education institutions in a given year. The results suggest that higher state appropriations are associated with an increase in tenure-track assistant professors at four-year institutions. They are also associated with an increase in part-time instructional staff at both four-year and two-year institutions. However, they are not associated with a change in the number of tenured faculty. Appropriations are also positively related to salaries for a variety of employee groups, although notably not for instructional staff who are instructors, lecturers, or without an academic rank. Overall, the results show that public higher education institutions use state appropriations in a variety of ways, but I do not find evidence that they replace contingent faculty with tenured or tenure-track faculty when appropriations rise.