bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Time Perspective in Late Adulthood: Aging Patterns in Past, Present and Future Dimensions, Deviations from Balance, and Associations with Subjective Well-Being
Authors: Rönnlund Michael , Åström Elisabeth , Carelli Maria Grazia
Published: February 2017

We examined cross-sectional aging patterns for subscales of the Swedish version of the Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory in a population-based sample of older adults (60–90 years;N = 447). Alternative methods to assess time perspective balance (DBTP, involving a single Future dimension; S-BTP; and DBTP-E, including in addition, Future Negative), were compared and their relations to subjective well-being (SWB) were examined. Significant negative age relations were observed for Past Negative and Future Negative with a clear age-related increase in Present Fatalistic, while Past Positive, Present Hedonistic, and Future Positive were relatively stable across age. A significant age-related increase in deviation from balance was observed across methods (Cohen’sds 0.28–0.57), with the highest value for DBTP-E. Overall, S-BTP and DBTP-E were more strongly associated with SWB than DBTP (r = −0.40), with the highest value for DBTP-E (r = −0.53). Analyses of separate age groups (60–65 vs. 70–75 vs. 80–90 years) revealed a trend of weakened association with balance in old-old age, for S-BTP and DBTP-E in particular. This seemed to reflect the fact that negative views of the future are strongly related to SWB in young-old adults but diminish in importance in late senescence (80–90 years). Potential factors behind the observed patterns of results, including deficits in cognitive functioning and physical health to account for the age-related increase in present fatalism, and the potential role of a self-transcendent future time perspective for well-being in old-old age, are discussed.
Rhythm in Interactions between Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder and Their Mothers
Authors: Papoulidi Asimenia , Papaeliou Christina F. , Samartzi Stavroula
Published: February 2017

Humans are endowed with an innate ability to produce rhythmic expressions that reveal intentions and feelings and attune their rhythmic behavior with that of another person who is attentive and affectionate. A small number of studies in children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) show that the rhythmic patterns of their expressions differ from those observed in typically developing (TD) children, and they are not well attuned to the expressions of their communicative partner. The aim of the present study was to assess rhythmic patterns in mother–child cooperative communication in children with ASD compared to TD children. Ten children with ASD and ten TD children, matched for mental age, were videotaped in their homes during play sessions with their mothers. For the microanalysis, the Eudico Linguistic Annotator was used and a coding system was developed for the annotation of communicative modalities. Results showed that children with ASD are less likely to initiate joint action and respond to mother’s efforts for mutual interaction. Exploratory/relational play was their preferred means for initiation. Maternal responses were provided mainly through the modality of gaze for both ASD and TD children. Moreover, the gaze direction of the dyad indicates that ASD partners focus mainly on different directions, whereas TD partners look mostly at the same object. Analysis of their affective states demonstrates that affect attunement is difficult to achieve. These findings indicate that children with ASD exhibit disturbances in rhythmic interaction with their caregiver, which reveal severe deficiencies in the motive for interpersonal awareness.
A new Bifidocoelotes species, with the description of the male of B. primus from Hong Kong, China (Agelenidae: Coelotinae)
Authors: ZHOU YAN-CHEN , YUEN YAN LING , ZHANG ZHI-SHENG
Published: February 2017

Both sexes of two Bifidocoelotes species, Bifidocoelotes obscurus sp. nov. and B. primus (Fox, 1937), were collected in Hong Kong, China. The male of B. primus was previously unknown. Descriptions and illustrations of both species are provided and the generic diagnosis is revised.
Review of Testudobracon Quicke (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) with descriptions of four new species from south India
Authors: SHEEBA M. , RANJITH A.P. , NARENDRAN T.C.
Published: February 2017

The Braconinae is a generically diverse subfamily of Braconidae. The Old World genus Testudobracon Quicke is reviewed and four new species viz., T. athashi Ranjith sp. nov., T. malabaricus Sheeba sp. nov., T. shameeri Ranjith sp. nov. and T. travencorensis Sheeba sp. nov., are described from south India. A check list and key to the world species are provided.
Checklist, new species and new records of Cerambycidae (Insecta: Coleoptera) from Chapada Diamantina, Bahia state, Brazil
Authors: NASCIMENTO FRANCISCO E. DE L. , MERMUDES JOSÉ RICARDO M. , BRAVO FREDDY , SANTOS-SILVA ANTONIO
Published: February 2017

A checklist of Cerambycidae from three Brazilian localities of the Chapada Diamantina mountain range (Catolés, Piatã and Mucugê) is provided. These three localities are considered of great biological importance. A total of 38 species were collected, belonging to 29 genera, 18 tribes and two subfamilies. Ten new records for the state of Bahia are presented, and a new species, Desmiphora (Desmiphora) iwasarai (Desmiphorini, Lamiinae), is described and illustrated.
On the Ampedini Gistel, 1848 (Coleoptera: Elateridae) of Central Asia, with a description of a new species of the genus Reitterelater Platia & Cate, 1990
Authors: PROSVIROV ALEXANDER S.
Published: February 2017

Some species of the Ampedini Gistel, 1848 of Central Asia are considered. A new species of the genus Reitterelater Platia & Cate, 1990 is described from Uzbekistan: R. kovalenkoi sp. nov. The systematic position of the little-known species Ampedus russicus Gurjeva, 1972 comb. rev. is discussed; notes on Reitterelater and allied genera are given.
Stygophrynus orientalis sp. nov. (Amblypygi: Charontidae) from Indonesia with the description of a remarkable spermatophore
Authors: SEITER MICHAEL , WOLFF JONAS O.
Published: February 2017

Here Stygophrynus orientalis sp. nov. is described, a new charontid whip spider from Banggai Island, Indonesia, representing the most eastern record of the genus exceeding the formerly postulated restriction of its distribution western of the Wallace Line. In addition, the third known spermatophore of a Stygophrynus species is presented, which differs remarkably from those previously described from the genus. Finally, the cerotegument structure of the new species is depicted and compared with that of other Charontidae and Charinidae.
Description of two new Calicnemia from Vietnam and central Laos with notes on their congeners in Vietnam (Odonata: Platycnemididae)
Authors: PHAN QUOC TOAN , KOMPIER TOM , KARUBE HARUKI
Published: February 2017

Descriptions are given of two new species of Calicnemia: C. akahara sp. nov. from central and southern Vietnam and C. hamata sp. nov. from central Laos. C. soccifera Yu & Chen, 2013, and C. haksik Wilson & Reels, 2003, are recorded for the first time from Vietnam; C. uenoi Asahina, 1997, is redescribed with new illustrations provided of its anal appendages and genital ligula; and the occurrence of C. mortoni (Laidlaw, 1917) in Vietnam is discussed.
Monthly Extreme Temperature Trends in CMIP5 Hindcast/Prediction Simulations, 1981–2010 and 2006–35
Authors: Stegall Steve T. , Kunkel Kenneth E.
Published: February 2017

A simple index of extreme surface (2 m) monthly temperature was analyzed over the conterminous United States for 13 models from the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project phase 5 (CMIP5) hindcast (1981–2010) and prediction (2006–35) datasets as well as the U.S. climate division dataset, version 2 (nClimDiv), as observations for 1981–2010. Results are analyzed for regions defined in the recent Third U.S. National Climate Assessment. There is good agreement between models and observations for all regions for the annual warm and cold indices except for the warm index in the Northwest. For seasonal values of the temperature index, model simulations generally agree with the sign of the observed seasonal trends in all regions except for the Northwest and a few seasons in the “warming hole” areas of the central and southeastern United States. Most individual ensemble member simulations agree with the sign of the observed trend. However, in all regions and seasons, some simulations, in the range of 10%–40% of all ensemble members, show opposite signs, indicating that even overall skillful projections can have substantial uncertainty. These results indicate that there is potential skill in use of GCMs to provide projections of hot and cold extremes on the 30-yr time scale. However, it is important to note that natural variability is comparable to the forced signal on this time scale and thus introduces uncertainty. Analysis of the future simulations (2006–35) indicates that warm extremes increase rapidly while cold extremes become substantially more rare.
Assessment of Radiometric Data from a Buoy in the St. Lawrence Estuary
Authors: Bélanger Simon , Carrascal-Leal Claudia , Jaegler Thomas , Larouche Pierre , Galbraith Peter
Published: February 2017

Fisheries and Oceans Canada maintains a network of scientific buoys in the St. Lawrence estuary and gulf. Among a suite of environmental parameters documented, the in-water upwelling radiance is measured using an ocean color radiometer located underneath the center of the buoy. The shadow effect from the 1.05-m-radius buoy on the measured upwelling radiance is estimated and empirical models to correct for it are proposed. On average, the shading error (i.e., the percent of missing radiance) was and for the 555- and 412-nm channels, respectively. Two analytical models were tested to predict the shading error using measured inherent optical properties, the sun zenith angle, and the fraction of diffuse sky irradiance. Neglecting light scattering led to overestimates of the shading error. In contrast, the bias was removed when the scattering coefficient was accounted for, but the overall error was only barely improved (root-mean-square error ). Empirical relationships based on the uncorrected reflectance ratio measured by the buoy were used to predict both the shading error and the diffuse attenuation of the upwelling radiance, two quantities needed to calculate remote sensing reflectance . Overall, was retrieved with an averaged absolute percent difference ranging from 12% to 20%, which appears adequate for the validation of ocean color data such as the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS-Aqua) and Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) products in the optically complex waters of the St. Lawrence estuary.
Surface Emissivity at Microwaves to Millimeter Waves over Polar Regions: Parameterization and Evaluation with Aircraft Experiments
Authors: Wang D. , Prigent C. , Kilic L. , Fox S. , Harlow C. , Jimenez C. , Aires F. , Grassotti C. , Karbou F.
Published: February 2017

The Tool to Estimate Land Surface Emissivity from Microwave to Submillimeter Waves (TELSEM2) is linked to a climatology of monthly emissivity estimates and provides a parameterization of the surface emissivity up to 700 GHz, in the framework of the preparation for the Ice Cloud Imager (ICI) on board the Meteorological Operational Satellite Second Generation (MetOp-SG). It is an updated version of the Tool to Estimate Land Surface Emissivities at Microwave Frequencies (TELSEM; Aires et al. 2011). This study presents the parameterization of continental snow and ice and sea ice emissivities in TELSEM2. It relies upon satellite-derived emissivities up to 200 GHz, and it is anchored to the Special Sensor Microwave Imager (SSM/I) TELSEM monthly climatology dataset (19–85 GHz). Emissivities from Météo-France and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) at frequencies up to 190 GHz were used, calculated from the Special Sensor Microwave Imager/Sounder (SSMIS) and the Advanced Microwave Sounding Unit-B (AMSU-B) observations. TELSEM2 has been evaluated up to 325 GHz with the observations of the International Submillimeter Airborne Radiometer (ISMAR) and the Microwave Airborne Radiometer Scanning System (MARSS), which were operated on board the Facility for Airborne Atmospheric Measurements (FAAM) aircraft during the Cold-Air Outbreak and Submillimeter Ice Cloud Study (COSMICS) campaign over Greenland. Above continental snow and ice, TELSEM2 is very consistent with the aircraft estimates in spatially homogeneous regions, especially at 89 and 157 GHz. Over sea ice, the aircraft estimates are very variable spatially and temporally, and the comparisons with the TELSEM2 were not conclusive. TELSEM2 will be distributed in the new version of the RTTOV radiative transfer community code, to be available in 2017.
Weak and Strong Constraints Variational Data Assimilation with the NCOM-4DVAR in the Agulhas Region Using the Representer Method
Authors: Ngodock Hans , Carrier Matthew , Smith Scott , Souopgui Innocent
Published: February 2017

The difference between the strong and weak constraints four-dimensional variational (4DVAR) analyses is examined using the representer method formulation, which expresses the analysis as the sum of a first guess and a finite linear combination of representer functions. The latter are computed analytically for a single observation under both strong and weak constraints assumptions. Even though the strong constraints representer coefficients are different from their weak constraints counterparts, that difference is unable to help the strong constraints compensate for the loss of information that the weak constraints includes. Numerical experiments carried out in the Agulhas retroflection for single and multiobservation assimilations clearly show that the weak constraint 4DVAR produces analyses that fit the observations with significantly higher accuracy than the strong constraints.
A Functional Analysis of 2016 Direct Mail Advertising in Ohio
Authors: Benoit William L.
Published: February 2017

Few studies examine the content of political direct mail advertising (pamphlets, brochures) despite the fact that this campaign medium remains a popular means of reaching voters. This study reports a functional analysis of 68 direct mail advertisements employed in Ohio in 2016. These messages acclaimed more than they attacked; no defenses occurred in this sample. The topics of the statements in these texts were about evenly split between policy (48%) and character (52%). As predicted, both general goals and ideals were employed more frequently to acclaim than to attack. This study adds to our knowledge of direct mail advertising and nonpresidential ads (only 6% of the brochures in this sample were from the presidential race).
Are Graduating Residents Trained and Prepared to Engage in Medical Home Activities in Practice?
Authors: Bright Dana , Frintner Mary Pat , Narayan Aditee , Turchi Renee M.
Published: February 2017

A national, random sample of 1000 graduating pediatric residents was surveyed in 2014 on receipt of training in medical home activities and preparedness to engage in same in practice. Of 602 survey respondents (60% response), 71.8% reported being very/fairly knowledgeable about medical homes. Most residents (70.0% to 91.3%) reported they received training in 6 medical home activities; more than one fourth wished for more training in 4 of 6 activities. The majority (62.5% to 77.3%) reported very good/excellent perceived preparedness. Residents with continuity clinic experiences at 2 or more sites and with continuity clinic experience at a community health center were more likely to report very good/excellent preparedness in multiple medical home activities. Overall, residents feel knowledgeable, trained, and prepared to engage in medical home activities as they are leaving residency. Opportunities exist to further explore the influence of additional training in specific activities and the number and type of training site experiences on perceived preparedness.
Truth, justice, freedom: The trial as an emancipatory narrative framework in the cultural actions of Giuseppe Fava
Authors: Vantorre Sarah
Published: February 2017

In the late 1950s, after a brief career as a lawyer, Giuseppe Fava (Palazzolo Acreide, 1925) became a journalist. The exploitative activities of Cosa Nostra in the tragic aftermath of the Second World War made clear to him Sicilian society’s urgent need for progress towards greater social justice so that violence could be prevented. Fava developed an ethical conception of journalism and, by extension, of literature and theatre. ‘Where there’s truth’, Fava wrote, ‘justice can be done and freedom can be defended’. This article shows how Giuseppe Fava put his intellectual impegno into practice in order to provide the Sicilian public with a means of interpreting and understanding the mechanisms behind the Sicilian tragedy, and an incentive to take up their collective responsibility. In order to illustrate how Fava translated his journalistic and intellectual impegno into cultural actions ( Freire, 1998a ) of an emancipatory character, it focuses on his use of the criminal trial as a metaphor for his journalistic investigation into the ills of Sicilian society in his essay Processo alla Sicilia (1967), and as a narrative framework for the closing chapters of his novels Prima che vi uccidano (1976) and Passione di Michele (1980) and for his courtroom dramas La Violenza (1969) and Ultima Violenza (1983). It shows how, by literally co-opting the audience as jurors in the trial – a technique which is in many respects reminiscent of the methodologies for conscientisation developed by Paulo Freire and Augusto Boal – Fava stimulated the Sicilian public to pursue their own freedom and dignity through the creative and continuous transformation of their contextual reality.
Effect of bromocriptine on the ovarian cycle of two inbred strains of mice
Authors: Stravoravdi P. , Toliou T. , Polyzonis M.
Published: February 2017

Mice of the C3H/Sy (high incidence of spontaneous mammary cancer) and AKR/Sy (low incidence of spontaneous mammary cancer) inbred strains, which have different hormonal profiles, were injected daily with bromocriptine for 1 month. The treatment increased the duration of the ovarian cycle of the AKR/Sy mice, whereas that of the C3H/Sy mice was not affected. It is suggested that the effect of bromocriptine on the ovarian cycle depends on the concentrations of plasma progesterone reached in each strain of mouse.
Effects of Trypanosoma brucei and Babesia microti infections on the primary granulomatous reaction to Schistosoma eggs in mice
Authors: Fagbemi B. O. , Christensen N. Ø. , Dipeolu O. O.
Published: February 2017

Mouse infection with the blood protozoa Trypanosoma brucei suppressed significantly the frequency and intensity of the primary granulomatous inflammatory response to eggs of the blood flukes Schistosoma mansoni and S. bovis injected into the pulmonary microvasculature. In addition, the dynamics of the cellular infiltrate of the egg granuloma were strongly affected. It is suggested that the modulation of the granulomatous response is a result of impairment of the cell-mediated immunological responsiveness induced by T. brucei. Infection with Babesia microti did not induce similar effects on the granulomatous response.
An alternative method for the decontamination of rats carrying Mycoplasma pulmonis without the use of germfree isolators
Authors: Banerjee A. K. , Angulo A. F. , Polak-Vogelzang A. A. , Kershof A. M.
Published: February 2017

Two strains of Lewis rat were successfully freed from Mycoplasma pulmonis infection by using a combination of oral treatment with oxytetracycline hydrochloride and obtaining young by hysterectomy. Laminar flow cabinets were used to perform hysterectomies on donor animals and for rearing hysterectomy-derived animals. After thorough microbiological examination the rats were brought to the breeding colony of the Laboratory Animal Centre. Periodic laboratory tests using both cultural and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay methods showed that the animals have remained free from M. pulmonis for the last 3 years.
The sedative effects of climazolam and climazolam with fentanyl–fluanisone in rats (Rattus norvegicus)
Authors: West C. D. , Green C. J.
Published: February 2017

A trial of the sedative effects of a novel benzodiazepine, climazolam, and of a mixture of climazolam and fentanyl–fluanisone was undertaken in male and female Sprague Dawley and Lewis strain rats (Rattus norvegicus) of different ages. At the recommended intravenous therapeutic dosage of 0·25 mg/kg, climazolam sedated the rats but failed to inhibit the righting reflex or responses to painful stimuli. Even at 25 times the recommended dosage, there was no anaesthetic effect. Predictable and satisfactory surgical anaesthesia was not obtained with the mixture of climazolam and fentanyl–fluanisone administered intraperitoneally. In contrast with diazepam and midazolam, climazolam failed to potentiate the sedative analgesic properties of fentanyl–fluanisone: indeed many animals retained their tail and pedal pinch reflexes. The results also revealed significant differences in effect related to strain and age but not to sex.
Introduction of Salmonellae into a centralized laboratory animal facility by infected day old chicks
Authors: Nicklas W.
Published: February 2017

Fifty deliveries of day old chicks were examined for Salmonellae on arrival as part of the Animal Laboratories’ routine microbiological monitoring programme. Paper floor inserts and faeces from the transport boxes were immersed in peptone water and then cultured in two different enrichment media. Salmonellae were isolated in six of the 50 samples; one isolate was identified as Salmonella muenchen and the other five as Salmonella cerro var. siegburg. The relevance of these findings to multispecies animal facilities is discussed.
Investigating mathematical methods for high-throughput prediction of the critical buckling load of non-uniform wool fibers
Authors: Vetharaniam Indrakumar , Tandon Surinder , Plowman Jeffrey E , Harland Duane P
Published: February 2017

The sensation of prickle from textile garments is directly related to the force that a fiber protruding from the fabric surface can exert on the skin without buckling – its critical buckling load (CBL). Finite element modeling (FEM) has previously been used in the literature to predict CBLs for a set of 25 fibers with different along-fiber morphology. With a view to high-throughput analysis of fibers, we investigated two analytical methods that were potentially faster and less computationally intensive than FEM and applied them to calculate CBLs for the same set of fibers. In addition, we tested a numerical integration and gradient search (NIGS) method that we developed by adapting a previously published, non-FEM, numerical approach.

The analytical methods that we tested were either inadequately formulated or prone to instability. Our NIGS method was more reliable that the analytical methods (but slower to compute), and its results appeared more accurate than the published FEM results, based on an inconsistency metric that we developed.

The published FEM results and the NIGS predictions agreed within 5% for 60% of the fibers, and within 10% for 72% of the fibers (with differences ranging from 0.4% to 19.1%) and generally showed qualitative agreement on the response of CBL to fiber shape, with some notable exceptions.

The response of CBL to dimensional variation was complex. This, and the inconsistency between methods, highlights the need for caution when analyzing complicated biological structures, such as wool, and the value of verifying the reliability of any predictions from any approach.
Multifunctional nanocoating finishing of polyester/cotton woven fabric by the sol-gel method
Authors: Kowalczyk Dorota , Brzeziński Stefan , Kamińska Irena
Published: February 2017

This paper presents the test results of multifunctional thin-coating textile finishing with the use of hybrid Al2O3/SiO2 sol modified with metallic nanoparticles of Ag/Cu powder and TiO2 P25. The modified hybrid Al2O3/SiO2 sol was deposited on polyester/cotton (67/33) woven fabrics by the padding method, followed by drying and thermal heating to obtain a thin and elastic xerogel coating on the fabric fiber surface. The woven fabrics finished in this way were characterized by very good bioactive properties against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli bacteria and Candida albicans and Aspergillus niger fungi (83–92% reduction in bacteria and 87–93% reduction in fungi) and showed photocatalytic self-cleaning capabilities and a high protection against ultraviolet (UV) radiation. The color difference ( ΔE) obtained after UV irradiation for 112 h was 11.6, and the ultraviolet protection factor (UPF) value considerably exceeded the limiting standard value of 50, while in the case of a reference woven fabric, ΔE = 4 and UPF was about 40. At the same time, the woven fabrics finished were characterized by a high resistance to abrasion.
The detection of active moulds on historical silk by the means of the headspace–solid phase micro-extraction–gas chromatography–mass spectrometry method
Authors: Sawoszczuk Tomasz , Syguła-Cholewińska Justyna , del Hoyo-Meléndez Julio M
Published: February 2017

The goal of this work was to analyze the profile of microbial volatile organic compounds (MVOCs) emitted by moulds growing on silk samples in search of particular volatiles mentioned in the literature as indicators of active mould growth. The selected moulds were inoculated on three types of media: (1) samples of pure silk placed on microbial media, (2) samples of historical silk placed on microbial media, and (3) agar containing amino acids that are elements of the structure of fibroin. All samples were prepared inside vials (closed system). In the first and second cases the media did not contain any sources of organic carbon, nitrogen, or sulfur—the silk was the only nutrient for the moulds. A fourth type of sample was historical silk prepared in a Petri dish without a microbial medium and inoculated with a fibroinolytically active mould (open system). The MVOCs emitted by moulds were sampled with the headspace–solid phase micro-extraction method. Volatiles extracted on Divinylbenzene/Carboxen/Polydimethylsiloxane (DVB/CAR/PDMS) fibers were analyzed in a gas chromatography–mass spectrometry system. Qualitative and quantitative analyses of chromatograms were carried out in search of indicators of metabolic activity. The results showed that there are three groups of volatiles that can be used for the detection of active forms of moulds on silk. Thus, this can be a valuable tool for the fast detection of mould activity on historical silk objects. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first work to measure MVOCs emitted by moulds growing on silk.
Lawnscaping Perth: Water Supply, Gardens, and Scarcity, 1890-1925
Authors: Gaynor Andrea
Published: February 2017

While Perth’s climate has been getting drier for at least four decades, its citizens maintain an ongoing commitment to year-round green lawns and gardens (or “lawnscapes”), and a resistance to water restrictions that is more pronounced than in other Australian state capital cities. This article demonstrates that these features of contemporary Perth emerged from, and continue to bear the imprint of, an earlier socio-natural system that brought together a town water supply, sprinkler technology, plants, and a multidimensional cultural desire for environmental modification. As important markers of civilization and prosperity, Perth’s emergent lawnscapes assuaged colonial anxieties about the settlement’s status. Conspicuously shaped by collective understandings of imperial urban hierarchies, residents’ lawnscaping projects were also driven by their bodily experience of sand, heat, and dust: they were in part a response to the challenge of keeping homes and families clean and cool in a city of hot summers and ubiquitous sand.
Drivers of Collective Human Capital Flow: The Impact of Reputation and Labor Market Conditions
Authors: Makarius Erin E. , Stevens Charles E.
Published: February 2017

An emerging body of research examines collective human capital flow via context-emergent turnover (CET) theory, which builds on resource-based theory and the literature on human capital. CET theory indicates that collective human capital flow—or employee movement into and out of organizations—is of growing significance to scholars and practitioners given the effects that it has on important organizational outcomes. Yet, a better understanding of what drives systematic variance in collective outflows and inflows is needed so that employers can strategize and plan ways to manage human capital flow. We use CET theory to highlight the role of a firm’s reputation as an antecedent to human capital flow. Moreover, because CET theory emphasizes the significance of context, we consider how labor market conditions change the nature of these relationships. We predict and find that a positive reputation helps employers reduce several types of collective human capital flow, yet more reputable employers are better able to do so in slack, rather than tight, labor markets. These results shed light on the importance of context on collective human capital flow and indicate the potential of CET theory to understand not only the consequences but also the drivers of collective movement in and out of organizations.
On Corporate Social Responsibility, Sensemaking, and the Search for Meaningfulness Through Work
Authors: Aguinis Herman , Glavas Ante
Published: February 2017

Corporate social responsibility (CSR) focuses on many types of stakeholders and outcomes, including stakeholders outside of the organization and outcomes that go beyond financial results. Thus, CSR expands the notion of work to go beyond a task, job, intraindividual, intraorganizational, and profit perspective and provides an ideal conduit for individuals to seek and find meaningfulness through work. We adopt a person-centric conceptualization of CSR by focusing on sensemaking as an underlying and unifying mechanism through which individuals are proactive and intentional agents who search for and find meaningfulness through work. Our conceptualization allows us to understand variability in CSR effects due to variability in employee sensemaking and the meaningfulness employees experience from CSR; highlight synergies across disconnected theories and streams of research originating in different disciplines and at the intraindividual, intraorganizational, and extraorganizational levels of analysis; and propose new research directions for the future in the form of propositions and research questions. By using sensemaking as a unifying underlying process, the proposed conceptualization explains how individuals find meaningfulness through work and, consequently, when and why employees experience CSR in a particular manner—resulting in more or less positive outcomes for themselves, their organizations, and external stakeholders. Our proposed model could also be used in other individual-level research domains that would benefit from (a) placing people and their search for meaningfulness center stage and (b) focusing on the role that same-level and cross-level interactions among intraindividual, intraorganizational, and extraorganizational sensemaking factors play in the process.
Griping and Joking as Identification Rituals and Tools for Engagement in Cross-Boundary Team Meetings
Authors: Pouthier Vanessa
Published: February 2017

This article explores the role of griping and joking behaviors in cross-boundary teams. Those socio-emotional behaviors often go unnoticed in studies of team communication, as does more broadly the work of building relationships. Given the growing recognition that the quality of connections among team members significantly influences the quality of coordinating and knowledge-sharing practices in cross-boundary teams, this seems an important lacuna to address. Drawing on a qualitative study of a cross-occupational team responsible for palliative care and oncology patients, I illustrate how those mundane, recurrent communicative activities, which may appear tangential to the task at hand, have important relational and emotional consequences for the functioning of cross-boundary teams. Based on the observed characteristics and effects of a variety of griping and joking behaviors, I propose to conceptualize those communicative activities as identification rituals. I discuss the implications of this work for both research on the production of positive relational realities in cross-boundary teams and the study of organizational griping and humor.
Notch1 Overexpression Correlates to Improved Survival in Cancer of the Oropharynx
Authors: Kaka Azeem S. , Nowacki Nicholas B. , Kumar Bhavna , Zhao Songzhu , Old Matthew O. , Agrawal Amit , Ozer Enver , Carrau Ricardo L. , Schuller David E. , Kumar Pawan , Teknos Theodoros N.
Published: February 2017

Objectives

The Notch1 signaling pathway has recently been shown to be highly dysregulated in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, but the value of Notch1 as a predictive biomarker is yet to be elucidated in oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC). The objective of this study is to evaluate Notch1 expression in surgical OPSCC specimens and determine clinicopathologic correlates.

Study Design

Case series with planned data collection.

Setting

Tertiary academic medical center.

Subjects and Methods

Surgical specimens from 181 patients with OPSCC were collected to create a tissue microarray (TMA). Human papillomavirus (HPV) status and Notch1 expression were determined and correlated with clinicopathologic characteristics.

Results

In univariate analysis, Notch1 expression correlated with improved survival as a categorical variable (hazard ratio [HR], 0.346; P <. 0001) and correlated with HPV/p16 positivity as a continuous variable (P <. 0001). In multivariate analysis, Notch1 expression retained significance in HPV‐positive (HR, 0.303; P =. 033) and HPV‐negative (HR, 0.416; P =. 0055) subgroups. Similarly, Notch1 expression positively correlated with survival in p16‐positive (HR, 0.469; P =. 031) and p16‐negative subgroups (HR, 0.310; P =. 014).

Conclusions

In the largest OPSCC cohort to date, we found that Notch1 receptor expression positively correlates with overall survival, regardless of HPV or p16 status. Furthermore, we found higher Notch1 receptor expression in HPV/p16‐positive tumors than their HPV/p16‐negative counterparts.
Technologies of evidence: An institutional ethnography from the standpoints of ‘youth-at-risk’
Authors: Nichols Naomi
Published: February 2017

In this article, I investigate the social relations of evidence that transverse and connect schools, homes, the streets, and the courts. This institutional ethnography begins in the standpoints of racialised and ‘at-risk youth’ to investigate how institutional practices – embedded in and constitutive of the new relations of capital and exchange referred to as the knowledge economy – (re)produce intersecting social relations of objectification and exclusion. Beginning with young people’s experiences of silencing and misrepresentation in public sector institutions, the article examines how different forms of evidence are produced and used across the various institutional settings where young people are active. The study demonstrates how seemingly objective institutional processes actually produce the experiences of diminishment and exclusion that young people described.
Vulnerable childhood, vulnerable adulthood: Direct provision as aftercare for aged-out separated children seeking asylum in Ireland
Authors: Ní Raghallaigh Muireann , Thornton Liam
Published: February 2017

Ireland’s approach to after-care for ‘aged-out’ separated children is problematic. Currently, upon reaching the age of 18, most separated young people are moved to ‘direct provision’, despite the fact that the state can use discretionary powers to allow them to remain in foster care. Direct provision is the system Ireland adopts providing bed and board to asylum seekers, along with a weekly monetary payment. Separated young people in Ireland are in a vulnerable position after ageing out. Entry into the direct provision system, from a legal and social work perspective, is concerning. Utilising direct provision as a ‘form of aftercare’ emphasises governmental policy preferences that privilege the migrant status of aged-out separated children, as opposed to viewing this group as young people leaving care. In this article, utilising a cross-disciplinary approach, we provide the first systematic exploration of the system of aftercare for aged-out separated children in Ireland. In doing so, we posit two core reasons for why the aftercare system for aged-out separated children has developed as it has. First, doing so ensures that the state is consistent with its approach to asylum seekers more generally, in that it seeks to deter persons from claiming asylum in Ireland through utilisation of the direct provision system. Second, while the vulnerability of aged-out separated children is well-documented, the state (and others) ignore this vulnerability and are reluctant to offer additional aftercare supports beyond direct provision. This is due, we argue, to viewing aged-out separated children as having a lesser entitlement to rights than other care leavers, solely based on their migrant status.
Electronic visual analogue scales for pain, fatigue, anxiety and quality of life in people with multiple sclerosis using smartphone and tablet: a reliability and feasibility study
Authors: Kos D , Raeymaekers J , Van Remoortel A , D’hooghe MB , Nagels G , D’Haeseleer M , Peeters E , Dams T , Peeters T
Published: February 2017

Objective:

To explore the reliability and feasibility of electronic visual analogue scales in people with multiple sclerosis (MS) and healthy individuals.

Design:

Cross-sectional observational study

Setting:

Clinical setting

Subjects:

Convenience sample of 52 people with MS and 52 matched healthy controls

Interventions:

NA

Main measures:

Participants scored 15 statements assessing fatigue, pain, anxiety and quality of life on an electronic visual analogue scale (eVAS), either using a smartphone or a tablet (randomly allocated). To check for test-retest reliability, statements were administered in two separate randomly ordered groups. Subjects completed a feasibility questionnaire.

Results:

Mean (SD) eVAS scores ranged from 35 (28.1) to 80 (22.1) in MS group, and from 57 (28.0) to 86 (13.2) in controls. Intra Class Correlations ranged from 0.73 to 0.95 in MS sample; 0.61 to 0.92 in controls. For most statements, Bland-Altman plots indicated no systematic error, but relatively large random error of the eVAS scores (exceeding 20mm). Considerable ceiling effects (i.e. better health) were found in healthy controls. Similar reliability was found among smartphone or tablet, different demographic groups and the experience-groups.

Conclusion:

Electronic visual analogue scales are reliable and useful for people with MS to register fatigue, pain, anxiety and quality of life.
Adapting to ‘extreme’ weather: mobile practice memories of keeping warm and cool as a climate change adaptation strategy
Authors: Strengers Yolande , Maller Cecily
Published: February 2017

Recent climate change adaptation policy positions previously mundane weather events, such as heatwaves and coldsnaps, as increasingly dangerous. Within this discourse of ‘extreme’ weather, the health sector is promoting climate-controlled indoor environments as a sensible coping strategy. Such responses mask our constant and ongoing adaptations to weather, which are becoming more dynamic and varied in mobile and globalised societies. In this paper, we are interested in reconceptualising adaptation as a series of everyday and remembered experiences with weather, which are situated within and carried by bodily social practices that contribute to keeping warm and cool. We are particularly concerned with what happens to these practices when those who carry them become mobile, through migration to other countries and climates. We consider the proposition that practices involved in staying warm or cool become more adaptable and innovative when they move. We explore these ideas through a study of international students who had recently moved to Melbourne, Australia from a range of countries. Using a ‘practice memory scrapbook’ method, we consider how student practices are resurrected, modified and/or transformed on arrival to a new locale, where memories are carried forward and disrupted by local varieties. Our analysis redefines the goal of adaptation as achieving tolerable, interesting, manageable, exciting, challenging and curious conditions; rather than pursuing comfort, familiarity and safety. We conclude that increasing exposure to varied weather conditions may enhance adaptive responses, and call for further research with mobile populations to provide further insight into adaptation to weather.
Effect of nano-particles on the tensile, flexural and perforation properties of the glass/epoxy composites
Authors: Afrouzian Ali , Movahhedi Aleni Hossein , Liaghat GholamHossein , Ahmadi Hamed
Published: February 2017

The objective of this study is to characterize the damage in glass fiber reinforced composite laminated reinforced with nanosilica particles subjected to tensile, flexural, and transverse loadings. Tensile, three-point bending, quasi-static indentation test, and ballistic impact tests were used in order to obtain the perforation response, flexural and tensile behavior of the composites and nanocomposites. Experimental test series was carried out to determine the tensile and flexural strength and stiffness, impact energy absorption, and failure mechanisms of composites in the presence of nanoparticle. Hand lay-up method has been used to manufacture nanocomposites constituted of 12 layers of 2D woven glass fibers with 40% fiber volume fraction. The composites were reinforced by adding organically modified nano-silica in a 0%, 0.5%, 1%, and 3% ratio in weight with respect to the matrix. Results revealed that in 0.5 wt.% nanoparticles, energy absorption and tensile strength are maximum, but flexural strength has the highest value in 3 wt.%. Furthermore, the highest energy absorption, elastic energy, and energy absorption at maximum force in quasi-static penetration occur in 0.5% nanosilica content. In the case of ballistic tests, effect of nanosilica is more tangible than in quasi-static indentation. Nanocomposite at 0.5% nanosilica recorded higher ballistic limit and energy absorption in comparison with other composites and nanocomposites. SEM images showed that fracture surfaces in 0.5 wt.% nanocomposites are rough and engender more crack tips in comparison with other specimens, which contributes to higher energy absorption in static and dynamic tests.
Final Commentary to the Cross-Disciplinary Thematic Special Series: Special Education and Mathematics Education
Authors: Woodward John , Tzur Ron
Published: February 2017

Four studies into characteristics and instructional needs of students with learning disabilities are summarized in this article. These studies are also reviewed in the wider context of mathematics intervention research in special education. These studies generally rely on qualitative methodology, and they are best understood in light of a constructive approach to learning. Two themes bind the four studies reviewed here. The first is what distinguishes students with math difficulties from those that may be considered as having a math disability. The second is the nature of curriculum and how the work described in this special issue departs from structured approaches to interventions that have a long and rich history in special education.
Enduring Challenges and New Developments in Public Human Resource Management
Authors: Podger Andrew
Published: February 2017

Australia has its own unique institutional arrangements within which its civil services operate, yet its experience in public sector human resource management over the last 40 years or so has much in common with that of many other Western democracies, including the United States. It faces enduring challenges such as the relationship between politics and administration while its approach to public management has evolved from traditional Weberian administration through new public management to a much more complex, open and networked system. While the role of government in society has not radically changed, the way in which that role has been exercised has changed significantly. Government employees represent a smaller proportion of the workforce, what they do and their skills have changed dramatically, internal arrangements to foster ethics and to manage staff are different today, new approaches have been adopted to compensate and motivate employees, the diversity of employees has widened, and the place of human resource management (HRM) in agencies’ strategic management processes has ebbed and waned. In each of these areas, human resource (HR) managers in Australia today face difficult questions about future directions. Most of these will be familiar to HR managers in other countries.
Negative Bias in the Perception and Memory of Emotional Information in Alzheimer Disease
Authors: Maria Gomez-Gallego , Juan Gomez-Garcia
Published: February 2017

Background:

There is some controversy about the ability of patients with Alzheimer disease (AD) to experience and remember emotional stimuli. This study aims to assess the emotional experience of patients with AD and the existence of emotional enhancement of memory. We also investigated the influence of affective state on these processes.

Methods:

Sixty pictures from the International Affective Picture System were administered to 106 participants (72 patients with AD and 54 controls). Participants performed immediate free recall and recognition tasks. Positive and Negative Affect Schedule was used to assess the participants’ current affect.

Results:

Patients identified the valence of unpleasant pictures better than of others pictures and experienced them as more arousing. Patients and controls recalled and recognized higher number of emotional pictures than of neutral ones. Patients discriminated better the unpleasant pictures. A mood congruent effect was observed on emotional experience but not on memory. Positive affect was associated with better immediate recall and with a more liberal response bias.

Conclusion:

Patients with AD can identify the emotional content of the stimuli, especially of the unpleasant ones, and the emotional enhancement of memory is preserved. Affective state does not explain the differences in the processing and memory of emotional items between patients and controls.
Politics Against the Grain: The Dalit Movement of Uttar Pradesh in the Throes of NGOization
Authors: Jaoul Nicolas
Published: February 2017

The ‘empowerment’ approach to development adopted by international institutions has recently enabled the Indian Dalit movement to avail itself of western funds. This case study of a network of Dalit NGOs in Uttar Pradesh highlights how these funds are being used and to what political effect. It shows that in such a previously politicized context, politicized actors of the NGOization process actively defend a radical agenda that links up caste, class and gender, while pursuing under the label of women’s empowerment a pre-existing trend of mobilization of the rural poor. Their political work, however, requires tactical adjustments so as to fit exacting and costly norms of management imposed by funding agencies. While pointing to certain radical experiments that show the political resilience of the Dalit movement in spite of a depoliticizing pattern of ‘professionalization’, this article also highlights the economic precariousness encountered by the activists.