bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
T memory stem cells are the hierarchical apex of adult T-cell leukemia
Authors: Nagai Yuya , Kawahara Masahiro , Hishizawa Masakatsu , Shimazu Yayoi , Sugino Noriko , Fujii Sumie , Kadowaki Norimitsu , Takaori-Kondo Akifumi
Published: April 2015

Key Points

ATL clones are preserved in a rare CD4+CD45RA+ TSCM population. ATL-TSCM cells unidirectionally produce conventional CD45RO+ ATL cells and show a high potency of repopulating identical ATL clones in vivo.
The impact of ultra-low amounts of amino-modified MMT on dynamics and properties of densely cross-linked cyanate ester resins
Authors: Bershtein Vladimir , Fainleib Alexander , Egorova Larisa , Gusakova Kristina , Grigoryeva Olga , Kirilenko Demid , Konnikov Semen , Ryzhov Valery , Yakushev Pavel , Lavrenyuk Natalia
Published: April 2015

Thermostable nanocomposites based on densely cross-linked cyanate ester resins (CER), derived from bisphenol E and doped by 0.01 to 5 wt. % amino-functionalized 2D montmorillonite (MMT) nanoparticles, were synthesized and characterized using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDXS), wide-angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD), dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), far-infrared (Far-IR), and creep rate spectroscopy (CRS) techniques. It was revealed that ultra-low additives, e.g., 0.025 to 0.1 wt. %, of amino-MMT nanolayers covalently embedded into СER network exerted an anomalously large impact on its dynamics and properties resulting, in particular, in some suppression of dynamics, increasing the onset of glass transition temperature by 30° to 40° and twofold rise of modulus in temperature range from 20°C to 200°C. Contrarily, the effects became negligibly small or even negative at increased amino-MMT contents, especially at 2 and 5 wt. %. That could be explained by TEM/EDXS data displaying predominance of individual amino-MMT nanolayers and their thin (2 to 3 nanolayers) stacks over more thick tactoids (5 to 10 nanolayers) and the large amino-MMT aggregates (100 to 500 nm in thickness) reversing the composite structure produced with increasing of amino-MMT content within CER matrix. The revealed effect of ultra-low amino-MMT content testifies in favor of the idea about the extraordinarily enhanced long-range action of the ‘constrained dynamics’ effect in the case of densely cross-linked polymer networks.

PACS

82.35.Np Nanoparticles in polymers; 81.05.Qk Reinforced polymers and polymer-based composites; 81.07.Pr Organic-inorganic hybrid nanostructures
Detecting non-allelic homologous recombination from high-throughput sequencing data
Authors: Parks Matthew M , Lawrence Charles E , Raphael Benjamin J
Published: April 2015

Non-allelic homologous recombination (NAHR) is a common mechanism for generating genome rearrangements and is implicated in numerous genetic disorders, but its detection in high-throughput sequencing data poses a serious challenge. We present a probabilistic model of NAHR and demonstrate its ability to find NAHR in low-coverage sequencing data from 44 individuals. We identify NAHR-mediated deletions or duplications in 109 of 324 potential NAHR loci in at least one of the individuals. These calls segregate by ancestry, are more common in closely spaced repeats, often result in duplicated genes or pseudogenes, and affect highly studied genes such as GBA and CYP2E1.
Concerns About Cancer Risk and Experiences With Genetic Testing in a Diverse Population of Patients With Breast Cancer
Authors: Jagsi Reshma , Griffith Kent A. , Kurian Allison W. , Morrow Monica , Hamilton Ann S. , Graff John J. , Katz Steven J. , Hawley Sarah T.
Published: April 2015

Purpose

To evaluate preferences for and experiences with genetic testing in a diverse cohort of patients with breast cancer identified through population-based registries, with attention to differences by race/ethnicity.

Methods

We surveyed women diagnosed with nonmetastatic breast cancer from 2005 to 2007, as reported to the SEER registries of metropolitan Los Angeles and Detroit, about experiences with hereditary risk evaluation. Multivariable models evaluated correlates of a strong desire for genetic testing, unmet need for discussion with a health care professional, and receipt of testing.

Results

Among 1,536 patients who completed the survey, 35% expressed strong desire for genetic testing, 28% reported discussing testing with a health care professional, and 19% reported test receipt. Strong desire for testing was more common in younger women, Latinas, and those with family history. Minority patients were significantly more likely to have unmet need for discussion (failure to discuss genetic testing with a health professional when they had a strong desire for testing): odds ratios of 1.68, 2.44, and 7.39 for blacks, English-speaking Latinas, and Spanish-speaking Latinas compared with whites, respectively. Worry in the long-term survivorship period was higher among those with unmet need for discussion (48.7% v 24.9%; P <.001). Patients who received genetic testing were younger, less likely to be black, and more likely to have a family cancer history.

Conclusion

Many patients, especially minorities, express a strong desire for genetic testing and may benefit from discussion to clarify risks. Clinicians should discuss genetic risk even with patients they perceive to be at low risk, as this may reduce worry.
Oocyte Induction of EGF Responsiveness in Somatic Cells Is Associated With the Acquisition of Porcine Oocyte Developmental Competence
Authors: Ritter Lesley J. , Sugimura Satoshi , Gilchrist Robert B.
Published: April 2015

Oocytes progressively acquire the competence to support embryo development as oogenesis proceeds with ovarian folliculogenesis. The objectives of this study were to investigate oocyte-secreted factor (OSF) participation in the development of somatic cell epidermal growth factor (EGF) responsiveness associated with oocyte developmental competence. A well-established porcine model was employed using oocytes from small (<4 mm) vs medium sized (>4 mm) antral follicles, representing low vs moderate developmental competence, respectively. Cumulus-oocyte complexes (COCs) were treated in vitro with inducers of oocyte maturation, and cumulus cell functions and oocyte developmental competence were assessed. COCs from small follicles responded to FSH but, unlike COCs from larger follicles, were incapable of responding to EGF family growth factors known to mediate oocyte maturation in vivo, exhibiting perturbed cumulus expansion and expression of associated transcripts (HAS2 and TNFAIP6). Low and moderate competence COCs expressed equivalent levels of EGF receptor (EGFR) mRNA; however, the former had less total EGFR protein leading to failed activation of phospho-EGFR and phospho-ERK1/2, despite equivalent total ERK1/2 protein levels. Native OSFs from moderate, but not from low, competence oocytes established EGF responsiveness in low competence COCs. Four candidate recombinant OSFs failed to mimic the actions of native OSFs in regulating cumulus expansion. Treatment with OSFs and EGF enhanced oocyte competence but only of the low competence COCs. These data suggest that developmental acquisition by the oocyte of capacity to regulate EGF responsiveness in the oocyte's somatic cells is a major milestone in the oocyte's developmental program and contributes to coordinated oocyte and somatic cell development.
Lysophosphatidic acid signalling in development
Authors: Sheng Xiaoyan , Yung Yun C. , Chen Allison , Chun Jerold
Published: April 2015

Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) is a bioactive phospholipid that is present in all tissues examined to date. LPA signals extracellularly via cognate G protein-coupled receptors to mediate cellular processes such as survival, proliferation, differentiation, migration, adhesion and morphology. These LPA-influenced processes impact many aspects of organismal development. In particular, LPA signalling has been shown to affect fertility and reproduction, formation of the nervous system, and development of the vasculature. Here and in the accompanying poster, we review the developmentally related features of LPA signalling.
Developing peer review
Authors: Pourquié Olivier , Brown Katherine
Published: April 2015

SUMMARY: In this Editorial, we discuss changes to Development's Reviewer Guidelines and Report Forms, which aim to make the peer-review process more efficient and helpful for authors.
The Results of the Professional Public Discussion of the Professional Standard’s Draft «The Personnel Manager of the Organization»
Authors: Кибанов  , Kibanov Ardalon , Лобачёва  , Lobacheva Anastasia
Published: April 2015

The article analyzes the professional and public discussion results of the professional standard’s draft «The personnel manager of the organization» based on organizations National Union «Personnel Management» and NGO «Labour market experts». It describes the full-time and part-time discussions of standards results, methods of disseminating information and bringing to the discussion of experts in the fi eld of personnel management, working in diff erent sectors of the Russian economy, as well as representatives of scientifi c and educational elite. It gives addressed to the working group reviews and highlighted the positive aspects of the draft standard over view, and also considered and made recommendations and suggestions for improvement and revision. It presents a list of publications on the results of the development and professional public discussion of the draft professional standard. Professional and public discussion resulted in a more specifi c title assigned to the Project by the developers: “Head of the HR management department of an organization”.
Determinant of Foreign Direct Investment into Developing Countries in the Circumstance of Globalization
Authors: Данг  , Dang May An
Published: April 2015

Foreign investment, especially FDI plays a role more and more important for economic growth and

international integration. However, the flux of FDI in the world is influenced by many determinants such as the

population, GDP, the education level, the law on intellectual property right… Analyzing these determinants

of FDI could contribute to find out the trend of global FDI and the solutions for developing countries to attract

more FDI for economic growth.
The Role of International Standards in the Development of Global Value Chains
Authors: Зуев  , Zuev V. , Островская  , Ostrovskaya Yelyena , Мануйлов  , Manuylov I.
Published: April 2015

This paper is devoted to the influence of standardization on emergence and development of global value

chains (GVC). Nowadays trade in value added is the subject for heated debates. However, the role of

standardization (in particular, international standardization) is highly underestimated. The study examines

the history of the development of different types of standards, comparing different approaches to modeling

the processes of standardization and develops recommendations for the economic policy of Russia on the

basis of its present position in the GVC. At the moment, we can say unambiguously that standardization leads

to the shift of firms from upstream stages of production to the field of design and marketing, where a greater

chance to realize competitive advantages exists (downstream stages). For Russia, it means continuous

improvement in the following areas: the development of large and small businesses in sectors that are

not related to the energy, encouraging companies to establish supply chains and value chains, customer

orientated businesses. In addition to the positive effects of standardization, the article also reviews some

negative shocks. They occur when the standards are being introduced to small firms, or when accepted

standards are not harmonized in accordance with international standards, or when there are no resources

for modernization within the global value chain, or when there are no opportunities to move into new markets

where standardization is lower, or when different standards are set to reach controversial objectives.

Nevertheless, in all these cases, there are certain conditions which implementation will make standardization

the most effective. These include, for example, a balance between the amount of the factor used in the

production and the complexity of the technology. This condition is explained here both mathematically and

by the example of the Chinese national program for certification of organic products. Thus, the importance

of international standardization for the development of global value chains cannot be overstated, despite

possible negative effects. That is why Russia should be actively involved in all of these processes in order

to stimulate economic growth.
Preferences, Homophily, and Social Learning
Authors: Lobel Ilan , Sadler Evan
Published: April 2015

We study a sequential model of Bayesian social learning in networks in which agents have heterogeneous preferences, and neighbors tend to have similar preferences—a phenomenon known as homophily. We find that the density of network connections determines the impact of preference diversity and homophily on learning. When connections are sparse, diverse preferences are harmful to learning, and homophily may lead to substantial improvements. In contrast, in a dense network, preference diversity is beneficial. Intuitively, diverse ties introduce more independence between observations while providing less information individually. Homophilous connections individually carry more useful information, but multiple observations become redundant.
The Hub Line Location Problem
Authors: Martins de Sá Elisangela , Contreras Ivan , Cordeau Jean-François , Saraiva de Camargo Ricardo , de Miranda Gilberto
Published: April 2015

This paper presents the hub line location problem in which the location of a set of hub facilities connected by means of a path (or line) is considered. Potential applications arise in the design of public transportation and rapid transit systems, where network design costs greatly dominate routing costs and thus full interconnection of hub facilities is unrealistic. Given that service time is the predominant objective in these applications, the problem considers the minimization of the total weighted travel time between origin/destination nodes while taking into account the time spent to access and exit the hub line. An exact algorithm based on a Benders decomposition of a strong path-based formulation is proposed. The standard decomposition method is enhanced through the incorporation of several features such as a multicut strategy, an efficient algorithm to solve the subproblem and to obtain stronger optimality cuts, and a Benders branch-and-cut scheme that requires the solution of only one master problem. Computational results obtained on benchmark instances with up to 100 nodes confirm the efficiency of the proposed algorithm, which is considerably faster and able to solve larger instances than a general purpose solver.
Improving anticoagulation uptake within primary care
Authors: Garforth Lynne , Williams Helen , Antoniou Sotiris
Published: April 2015

AF-related strokes represent a significant burden to patients, their carers and the NHS. New guidance from the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) emphasises the importance of undertaking stroke-risk assessment and the initiation of anticoagulant therapies to reduce this burden. Currently, in primary care, there are a substantial number of patients with AF who are not anticoagulated, being prescribed nothing or aspirin only. A systematic approach to identifying and addressing this unmet need is required in primary care. This article discusses some of the barriers to achieving better stroke prevention in AF and suggests strategies to address these. In addition, the recommended stroke- and bleeding-risk tools are described alongside an explanation of how they can be used in clinical practice.
The efficacy of feeding tubes: confirmation and loss
Authors: Taylor Stephen J , McWilliam Helen , Allan Kaylee , Hocking Paul
Published: April 2015

Around 5% of hospital patients require enteral tube feeding, yet its efficacy and costs are poorly understood. The authors examined radio-opacity, reason for repeat X-ray and overall cost in consecutive patients having tubes confirmed by X-ray when using polyvinylchloride (PVC) Ryles tubes versus CORFLO® (CORTRAK Medsystems) polyurethane tubes (PUTs); and confirmation method and reason for tube loss over an enteral episode. Despite higher PUT cost, because more Ryles tubes required re-X-ray ± radio-contrast injection (0% compared with 26%, p=0.029), overall cost was almost identical (Corflo: £54.2 vs Ryles: £54.6). Confirmation of tube position by X-ray remains more common than pH (51% compared with 45%) and tube loss is mostly as a result of inadvertent patient removal (54%). These studies show that: a) when using X-ray confirmation, PUTs and PVC Ryles tube cost is similar; b) despite pH being taught as first-line confirmation, X-ray remains the most common method therefore PUT use may further reduce cost when staff and outcome costs are included. In addition, more reliable and repeatable bedside confirmation methods are required; c) most tube loss is potentially preventable by use of nasal bridles. Larger studies are required to establish baseline data on problems and cost-effectiveness of enteral tube feeding before intervention trials.
A CBT-based anxiety management workshop in first-episode psychosis
Authors: Welfare-Wilson Alison , Jones Amy
Published: April 2015

When co-occurring with psychosis, anxiety can adversely affect social and occupational functioning and can cause debilitating levels of distress. This article describes a single-centre three-phase service development project culminating in the introduction of 1-day anxiety management workshops for service users of an Early Intervention for Psychosis Service (EIPS). The workshops, which were run by a mental health nurse and an assistant psychologist, attracted 12 participants with a first episode of psychosis and co-morbid anxiety. Quantitative and qualitative measures demonstrated a statistically significant reduction (p<0.0005) in subjective anxiety levels following the intervention, and that participants felt they were likely to make use of the skills in the future. It can be concluded that such workshops are not only time-and cost-effective, but also valuable in delivering brief interventions based on cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) to service users with a first episode of psychosis.
Have OSCEs come of age in nursing education?
Authors: Traynor Marian , Galanouli Despina
Published: April 2015

This article is intended to contribute to the current debate as to whether the objective structured clinical examination (OSCE) should become a standard assessment tool for undergraduate nursing education as they currently are for medicine. The authors describe how one UK university developed an OSCE for a nursing undergraduate programme with the aim of emphasising the need for nursing students to be competent in clinical skills and offering a means of standardising the assessment of these skills. There has been an increasing number of research studies carried out in this area at international level and this article's main contribution to the literature is the description of the Angoff standard-setting procedure that was used to calibrate the OSCE at this University and which makes it the first nursing OSCE in the UK to incorporate a scientific standard-setting procedure.
Examining the effect of patient-centred care on outcomes
Authors: Fredericks Suzanne , Lapum Jennifer , Hui Gladys
Published: April 2015

Within patient-centered care (PCC), the individual is viewed as an active member of the healthcare team. While there has been recent interest in conducting systematic reviews to examine the effectiveness of PCC interventions, various studies fall short in explaining the type of intervention most effective in producing significant changes to desired outcomes. The purpose of this systematic review was to determine the characteristics of PCC interventions that have demonstrated effectiveness in enhancing the quality of care and performance of self-care behaviours. A systematic review of 40 studies that addressed PCC interventions, included samples over the age of 18 years, and were published between 1995 and 2014 was performed. Descriptive statistics were used to delineate study, participant, and intervention characteristics. Results suggest PCC-based interventions are not effective when delivered to individuals living with chronic illnesses.
Very Fast Algorithms for Eliminating the Diffraction Effects in Protein-Based Volumetric Memories
Authors: Trinca Dragos , Rajasekaran Sanguthevar
Published: April 2015

One of the current research directions in biological nanotechnology is the useof bacteriorhodopsin in the fabrication of protein-based volumetric memories.Bacteriorhodopsin, with its unique light-activated photocycle, nanoscale size,cyclicity (>107), and natural resistance to harsh environmental conditions,provides for protein-based volumetric memories that have a comparativeadvantage over magnetic and optical data storage devices. The constructionof protein-based volumetric memories has been, however, severely limited byfundamental issues that exist with such devices, such as unwanted diffractioneffects. In this paper, we propose some optimizations that can be applied to oneof the previously proposed algorithms for eliminating the diffraction effects.
A novel mixed-ligand coordination polymer with pillared-layer & ladder like structure: synthesis, crystal structure, properties study, and application as sorbent for acetaminophen extraction
Authors: Delavar Mahmoud , Afzalian Behnaz , Notash Behrouz
Published: April 2015

The novel coordination polymer, [Cd (NO3) (P-2) (pzca)]n (1); [P-2=pillar ligand = 4, 4'-bipyridine; pzca = 2-pyrazinecarboxylate] has been synthesized by the branched tube method under heat gradient condition and characterized by elemental analysis, FT-IR spectroscopy and powder X-ray diffraction. Compound 1 was structurally characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. X-ray analysis reveals that it forms an one-dimensional covalent ladder like structure by two different bridging ligands, 4, 4â€™-bipy and pzca, which further significantly extends into two-dimensional networks via hydrogen bonding and other weak interactions. This polymer consists of three parts: equatorial layers, the bpy ligands connect axially these layers as the pillar which result in coordination pillared-layer structure (CPL) and one dimensional pores. The application of compound 1 was studied as a sorbent for extraction of acetaminophen medicine. Acetaminophen was extracted by solid phase extraction method and monitored by UV-Vis spectrophotometer. Furthermore, the remarkable thermal stability of compound 1 has also been studied by thermal gravimetric analyses (TGA).
Operación económica de dispositivos almacenadores de energía para disminución de pérdidas
Authors: Garcés Ruiz Alejandro , Correa Flórez Carlos Adrián , Sánchez Salcedo Alejandro
Published: April 2015

Este artículo presenta un algoritmo para la ope­ración óptima de unidades de almacenamiento de energía (UDAE), desde la perspectiva de las pérdidas de potencia activa. Se propone un mode­lo exacto basado en relajación lagrangeana. Los resultados de simulación sobre el alimentador de distribución IEEE de 37 nodos demuestran que un sistema de almacenamiento de energía puede ser utilizado para minimizar las pérdidas en un sis­tema de distribución, a través de la modificación de la curva de carga. La principal contribución de este enfoque consiste en el tratamiento de la función objetivo y el algoritmo de optimización. Los multiplicadores de Lagrange son usados para determinar la ubicación y el dimensionamiento óptimo de las unidades de almacenamiento. Se presenta además una discusión sobre el impacto de las UDAE en el planeamiento de la red de dis­tribución.
Data driven fault detection and isolation: a wind turbine scenario
Authors: Manrique Piramanrique Rubén Francisco , Sofrony Esmeral Jorge
Published: April 2015

Uno de los mayores inconvenientes presentes en la generación de energía eólica son los altos costos de mantenimiento asociados a fallas mecánicas. Este problema se hace más evidente en las turbinas de viento de escala industrial, en donde incrementos en el tamaño y la capacidad nominal traen consigo problemas adicionales asociados a vibraciones estructurales y efectos aeroelásticos en las hojas. Debido al incremento en la capacidad de operación, es imprescindible detectar de manera eficiente fallas y degradaciones en el sistema, garantizando la integridad, su fiabilidad y reduciendo los costos de operación. Este artículo presenta un sistema para la detección y aislamiento de fallas (FDI), basado en técnicas "Guiadas por los datos " (Data driven, abreviado DD). La arquitectura propuesta es una estrategia de varios niveles en donde: (i) el primer nivel detecta la ocurrencia de una falla (detección), mientras que (ii) el segundo identifica su origen (aislamiento). Se estudiaron y compararon cuatro técnicas de clasificación para cada uno de los niveles (Máquinas de Vectores de Soporte, Redes Neuronales Artificiales, K vecinos cercanos y Mezcla de Gaussianas). La mejor estrategia en cada nivel fue seleccionada para construir el sistema FDI. El rendimiento del sistema propuesto se evalúa en un modelo de referencia de una turbina eólica de escala comercial.
Análisis estocástico de señales vibratorias de motores de inducción para la detección de fallas usando descomposición de modo empírico
Authors: Rivera Roldán Alejandro , Becerra Botero Miguel Alberto , Guzmán Luna Jaime Alberto
Published: April 2015

En este artículo se presenta un análisis de vibraciones en motores de inducción por medio de Modelos Ocultos de Markov (Hidden Markov Model - HMM) aplicado a características obtenidas de la Descomposición de Modo Empírico (Empirical Mode Decomposition - EMD) y transformada de Hilbert-Huang de señales de vibración obtenidas en las coordenadas x y y, con el fin de detectar fallas de funcionamiento en rodamientos y barras.  Además se presenta un análisis comparativo de la capacidad de las señales de vibración en dirección x y en dirección y, para aportar información en la detección de fallas. Así, un HMM ergódico inicializado y entrenado por medio del algoritmo de máxima esperanza, con convergencia en 10e-7 y un máximo de iteraciones de 100, se aplicó sobre el espacio de características y su desempeño fue determinado mediante validación cruzada 80-20 con 30 fold, obteniendo un alto desempeño para la detección de fallas en términos de exactitud.
Theoretic similitude of the aerobic biological growth kinetics for the stabilization of organic matter in wastewaters treatment
Authors: Rodríguez Miranda Juan Pablo , García Ubaque Cesar Augusto , García Vaca María Camila
Published: April 2015

Para la estabilización de la materia orgánica en el tratamiento de las aguas residuales no solo es significativo establecer la cinética de crecimiento microbiano sino la  interrelación de la remoción de nutrientes como el nitrógeno, dada la similitud de coeficientes, tasa de crecimiento específica y los ajustes por temperatura del agua, que lo representa tanto para la remoción de la materia orgánica como para los procesos de nitrificación y denitrificación presentes en el tratamiento biológico de las aguas residuales.  Por ello, esta similitud teórica de las cinéticas de crecimiento microbiano y de los procesos de remoción de nitrógeno constituye consideraciones concisas para el proceso de dimensionamiento de sistemas de tratamiento biológicos de tratamiento de aguas residuales, que ayudan a entender el proceso simultáneo de remover materia orgánica y nutrientes del agua residual cruda.
Obtención de modelos de carga compuestos en sistemas de potencia para análisis dinámico: revisión y aplicación
Authors: Pérez Londoño Sandra Milena , Rodríguez García Luis Fernando , Mora Flórez Juan José
Published: April 2015

En este artículo se presenta una revisión de las metodologías principales empleadas en la obtención de modelos de carga compuestos en sistemas eléctricos de potencia. Como estrategia de presentación de esta investigación, inicialmente se realiza la descripción y clasificación de las metodologías empleadas para obtener los modelos de carga compuestos, de sus diferentes modificaciones y de la utilización de nuevas herramientas durante los últimos años, de acuerdo con la información disponible en más de 60 referencias encontradas en las principales bases de datos. Las ventajas del modelo de carga compuesto se comprueban en la parte final del artículo, en donde se compara su comportamiento con el modelo de carga estático y se hace un análisis de la capacidad de generalización ante diferentes perturbaciones del sistema de potencia.Este trabajo sirve como una referencia útil en la discusión relacionada con aplicaciones del modelado de carga en los sistemas eléctricos de potencia.
Division pairs: a new approach to Moufang sets
Authors: Loos Ottmar
Published: April 2015

The concept of division pairs, a non-abelian version of Jordan division pairs, is introduced and a categorical equivalence between division pairs and Moufang sets is established. This is used to explain the non-uniqueness occurring in the description of Moufang sets in terms of pairs (U, τ) initiated by De Medts and Weiss.
Real solutions to systems of polynomial equations and parameter continuation
Authors: Griffin Zachary A. , Hauenstein Jonathan D.
Published: April 2015

Given a parameterized family of polynomial equations, a fundamental question is to determine upper and lower bounds on the number of real solutions a member of this family can have and, if possible, compute where the bounds are sharp. A computational approach to this problem was developed by Dietmaier in 1998 who used a local linearization procedure to move in the parameter space to change the number of real solutions. He used this approach to show that there exists a Stewart-Gough platform that attains the maximum of forty real assembly modes. Due to the necessary ill-conditioning near the discriminant locus, we propose replacing the local linearization near the discriminant locus with a homotopy-based method derived from the method of gradient descent arising in optimization. This new hybrid approach is then used to develop a new result in real enumerative geometry.
Threefolds in ℙ6 of degree 12
Authors: Bertolini Marina , Turrini Cristina
Published: April 2015

Linearly normal complex projective threefolds of degree 12, embedded in ℙ6, are classified in the framework of adjunction theory: a maximal list of the possible invariants is provided and many examples are constructed.
TriPleX: a versatile dielectric photonic platform
Authors: Wörhoff Kerstin , Heideman René G. , Leinse Arne , Hoekman Marcel
Published: April 2015

Photonic applications based on planar waveguide technology impose stringent requirements on properties such as optical propagation losses, light coupling to optical fibers, integration density, as well as on reliability and reproducibility. The latter is correlated to a high level of control of the refractive index and waveguide geometry. In this paper, we review a versatile dielectric waveguide platform, called TriPleX, which is based on alternating silicon nitride and silicon dioxide films. Fabrication with CMOS-compatible equipment based on low-pressure chemical vapor deposition enables the realization of stable material compositions being a prerequisite to the control of waveguide properties and modal shape. The transparency window of both materials allows for the realization of low-loss waveguides over a wide wavelength range (400 nm–2.35 μm). Propagation losses as low as 5×10-4 dB/cm are reported. Three basic geometries (box shell, double stripe, and filled box) can be distinguished. A specific tapering technology is developed for on-chip, low-loss (<0.1 dB) spotsize convertors, allowing for combining efficient fiber to chip coupling with high-contrast waveguides required for increased functional complexity as well as for hybrid integration with other photonic platforms such as InP and SOI. The functionality of the TriPleX platform is captured by verified basic building blocks. The corresponding library and associated design kit is available for multi-project wafer (MPW) runs. Several applications of this platform technology in communications, biomedicine, sensing, as well as a few special fields of photonics are treated in more detail.
Household saving in Australia
Authors: Finlay Richard , Price Fiona
Published: April 2015

This paper investigates household saving behavior in Australia, as well as the drivers behind the recent rise in the aggregate household saving ratio. Our results explaining differences in saving behavior across households are consistent with theory and previous findings. As might be expected, households’ saving ratios tend to increase with income, but decrease with wealth and gearing. More at-risk households such as single-parent and migrant households tend to save more than other households, all else being equal. While saving differs substantially across age groups we find that, at least in part, this reflects differing circumstances. Our results suggest that the rise in household saving between 2003/2004 and 2009/2010 was driven by changes in behavior rather than changes in population characteristics: in particular, more educated households, as well as households with high debt and/or wealth increased their propensity to save. Our interpretation of these results is that a reduction in future income growth expectations for more highly educated households after the financial crisis, and an associated effort to rebuild wealth and repay debt, drove to the aggregate rise in household saving.
National survey on appropriateness of clinical biochemistry reporting in China
Authors: Kang Fengfeng , Wang Wei , Wang Zhiguo
Published: April 2015

Accurate and reliable testing reports play an important role in the prevention, diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of disease. However, little is known about the appropriateness of laboratory testing reporting in China. This national survey takes clinical biochemistry as an example to investigate the state of reporting appropriateness in our country.

An electronic questionnaire was sent to 1209 laboratories. The participants were asked to retrospectively evaluate the error rates of the following quality indicators: report template integrity, report content filling integrity, report delay, report recall, non-conformities between instrument and laboratory information system (LIS) data, non-conformities between report and request, report notification error, and report modification. Mann-Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis tests were used to identify the potential impacts of reporting appropriateness.

A total of 662 of the 1209 laboratories (55%) submitted the survey results, with three returning incomplete data. For the integrity of the report, only 31% of the laboratories had a complete report template that contained all of 21 elements. In addition, the overall error rate of content filling integrity was 45.9% for 19,770 pieces of reports. The overall σ-values of other six quality indicators were all >4, and no significant difference was found among different departments. Group comparison suggested that reporting electronically had a better performance.

The laboratory reporting system in China needs to improve, particularly the integrity of the report. Strengthening information technology will not only promote reporting appropriateness, but also guarantee accurate, standardized and traceable data collection and long-term monitoring.
Counting local systems via the trace formula
Authors: Flicker Yuval Z.
Published: April 2015

Let

𝔽
q

{\mathbb{F}_{q}}

be a finite field with q elements,

𝔽

\mathbb{F}

=

=

𝔽
¯

q

\overline{\mathbb{F}}_{q}

an algebraic closure of

𝔽
q

{\mathbb{F}_{q}}

,

X
1

{X_{1}}

an absolutely
irreducible projective smooth curve over

𝔽
q

{\mathbb{F}_{q}}

, and

S
1

{S_{1}}

a finite
set of closed points of

X
1

{X_{1}}

. Let

N
1

{N_{1}}

be the cardinality of

S
1

{S_{1}}

.
Erasing the index 1 indicates extension of scalars to

𝔽

{\mathbb{F}}

.
Replacing it by m indicates extension of scalars to

𝔽

q
m

\mathbb{F}_{q^{m}}

⊂

\subset

𝔽

\mathbb{F}

. Let Fr be the Frobenius endomorphism of the curve
X over

𝔽

{\mathbb{F}}

, deduced from the

𝔽
q

{\mathbb{F}_{q}}

-form

X
1

{X_{1}}

of X. For

ℓ

{\ell}

a prime not dividing q, the pullback by Fr is an
autoequivalence of the category of smooth

ℓ

{\ell}

-adic sheaves
(

=

=

ℚ
¯

ℓ

{\overline{\mathbb{Q}}_{\ell}}

-local systems) on X

-

-

S. It induces a permutation

Fr
∗

{\operatorname{Fr}^{\ast}}

of the set of isomorphism classes of irreducible smooth

ℓ

{\ell}

-adic sheaves of rank n on X

-

-

S, whose local monodromy at
each

s
∈
S

{s\in S}

is unipotent with a single Jordan block (

=

=

principal
unipotent). Let T(

X
1

X_{1}

,

S
1

S_{1}

,n) be the number of fixed points of

Fr
∗

{\operatorname{Fr}^{\ast}}

acting on this set. We will also consider the number
of fixed points T(

X
1

X_{1}

,

S
1

S_{1}

,n,m) of the iterate

Fr

∗
,
m

{\operatorname{Fr}^{\ast,m}}

of

Fr
∗

{\operatorname{Fr}^{\ast}}

. As

Fr

∗
,
m

\operatorname{Fr}^{\ast,m}

: X

→

\to

X is the Frobenius, for

X
1

X_{1}

/

𝔽
q

\mathbb{F}_{q}

replaced by

X
m

X_{m}

/

𝔽

q
m

\mathbb{F}_{q^{m}}

, one has
T(

X
1

X_{1}

,

S
1

S_{1}

,n,m)

=

=

T(

X
m

X_{m}

,

S
m

S_{m}

,n).

The number T(

X
1

X_{1}

,

S
1

S_{1}

,n) is computed when

N
1

N_{1}

≥

\geq

2 in [4]
where it is shown that the T(

X
1

X_{1}

,

S
1

S_{1}

,n,m) are given by a formula reminiscent of a Lefschetz
fixed point formula. The automorphic-Galois reciprocity is used there to
reduce the computation of T(

X
1

X_{1}

,

S
1

S_{1}

,n) to counting automorphic
representations on GL(n), and the assumption

N
1

N_{1}

≥

\geq

2 to move
the counting to a division algebra, where the trace formula is
easier to use. The trace formula used in Section 4 of [4] is based
on a new, categorical approach to computing the trace formula in the
very special case of counting that is needed there. It is not yet known
if it extends to the use of Hecke correspondences and in the non-compact
quotient case. Our aim here is to give an alternative proof of Section 4 of
[4] using the usual trace formula in the compact quotient case.
As stated in [4], after Lemma 4.9, the equivalence between the
two approaches seems to us interesting.
Interaction and thermodynamics of methylene blue adsorption on oxidized multi-walled carbon nanotubes
Authors: Ghaffar Abdul , Younis Muhammad Naeem
Published: April 2015

Multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and their oxidized derivatives were used as adsorbents for the removal of methylene blue dye from aqueous solution. CNTs have consistent surface and distinct structure, thus they were selected as the novel adsorbents in this study. The site-energy distribution analysis could provide significant information for adsorption mechanisms. Therefore, this study concentrated on the site-sorption energy distribution analysis in combination with thermodynamic behavior of methylene blue adsorption on CNTs. The single point adsorption coefficient
The Marker Conservation Law in Multiphase Systems
Authors: Wierzba Bartek , Wędrychowicz Stanisław , Skibiński Wojciech
Published: April 2015

The knowledge of the fundamental understanding such as composition–structure–mechanical property relationships caused by Kirkendall effect is in progress and is used to optimize mechanical properties of materials. In this paper the multiphase systems with low non-stoichiometry are discussed. It is shown that in such systems the drift velocity can be approximated as constant in each phase and determined by Wagner’s integral diffusivity. In this paper the binary in Ni–Ti alloy is discussed; however, the method can be applied to multicomponent systems. The results of the calculations are compared with experimental data.
Crystal structure of E-5-bromo-N3-(4-methoxybenzylidene)-pyridine-3,4- diamine, C13H12BrN3O
Authors: Wang Xiuge , Cai Mingjian
Published: April 2015

C13H12BrN3O, monoclinic, P21/c (no. 14), a = 5.520(3) Å, b = 13.400(7) Å, c = 17.204(9) Å, β = 94.916(9)°, V = 1267.9 Å3, Z = 4, Rgt(F) = 0.0335, wRref(F2) = 0.0957, T = 296 K.
Crystal structure of {4,4’,6,6’-tetrabromido-2,2-[ethane-1,4-diyl(nitrilomethanylylidene)- 1-ethylamine-2-methoxyl]diphenolato-κ5O,N,N’,N’’,O’} zinc(II)—dimethylformamide (2:1), C41H45Br8N7O7Zn2
Authors: Lai Liyan , Liu Zheng , Han Guo-Cheng
Published: April 2015

C41H45Br8N7O7Zn2, triclinic, P1̄ (no. 2), a = 13.7022(5) Å, b = 13.8771(7) Å, c = 14.0928(5) Å, α = 92.665(4)°, β = 98.215(3)°, γ = 109.775(4)°, V = 2482.9 Å3, Z = 2, Rgt(F) = 0.0611, wRref(F2) = 0.1491, T = 293 K.
Crystal structure of (Z)-4,4,4-trifluoro-3-((2-hydroxyphenyl)amino)-1- (thiophen-2-yl)but-2-en-1-one, C14H10F3NO2S
Authors: Narayanan Ramakirushnan Suriya , Loganathan Nagarajan , Roodt Andreas
Published: April 2015

C14H10F3NO2S, monoclinic, P21/c (no. 14), a = 13.4110(12) Å, b = 6.2471(6) Å, c = 16.3737(14) Å, β = 105.423(3)°, V = 1322.4 Å3, Z = 4, Rgt(F) = 0.0419, wRref(F2) = 0.1260, T = 100 K.
Crystal structure of catena-[[(1,10-phenanthroline-κ2N,N')copper(II)]-(μ2- oxalato-κ4O,O’:O’’,O’’’)] tetrahydrate, C14H16CuN2O8
Authors: Clark Candyce , Sephton Bereneice , Sephton Abigail , Dugmore Travis , Hickson Matthew , Betz Richard
Published: April 2015

C14H16CuN2O8, monoclinic, C2/c (no. 15), a = 16.8050(7) Å, b = 10.3730(7) Å, c = 9.2740(5) Å, β = 95.526(3)°, V = 1609.1 Å3, Z = 4, Rgt(F) = 0.0254, wRref(F2) = 0.0641, T = 200 K.
Redetermination of the crystal structure of tetrakis(tricarbonyl-μ3-methane thiolato-rhenium(I) – Localization of hydrogen atoms, C16H12O12Re4S4
Authors: Schoultz Xandri , Gerber Thomas I. A. , Hosten Eric C. , Betz Richard
Published: April 2015

C16H12O12Re4S4, trigonal, P3121 (no. 152), a = 10.0250(4) Å, c = 25.809(1) Å, V = 2246.4 Å3, Z = 3, Rgt(F) = 0.0192, wRref(F2) = 0.0320, T = 200 K.
Crystal structure of bis(imidazolium) para-toluenesulfonate, C20H22N4O6S2
Authors: Moleko Puleng , Tshentu Zenixole R. , Hosten Eric C. , Betz Richard
Published: April 2015

C20H22N4O6S2, triclinic, P1̄ (no. 2), a = 6.2648(2) Å, b = 6.3227(2) Å, c = 14.0946(6) Å, α = 85.051(2)°, β = 79.288(2)°, γ = 84.823(1)°, V = 544.9 Å3, Z = 1, Rgt(F) = 0.0317, wRref(F2) = 0.0896, T = 200 K.
Crystal structure of 4-(4-bromophenyl)-1-(propan-2-ylidene)thiosemicarbazide, C10H12BrN3S
Authors: Madanhire Tatenda , Abrahams Abubak'r , Hosten Eric C. , Betz Richard
Published: April 2015

C10H12BrN3S, monoclinic, P21/n (no. 14), a = 8.5610(2) Å, b = 11.0120(3) Å, c = 13.2140(4) Å, β = 107.345(1)°, V = 1189.1 Å3, Z = 4, Rgt(F) = 0.0249, wRref(F2) = 0.0650, T = 200 K.
Vibration Analysis of Nano-Beam with Consideration of Surface Effects and Damage Effects
Authors: Yin Fan , Chen Chang Ping , Chen De Liang
Published: April 2015

On the basis of Euler-Bernoulli beam theory, surface elastic theory, the strain equivalent assumption and modiffed couple stress theory, the nonlinear governing equations of the nano-beam are derived. In addition, the Galerkin method and the Harmonic Balance Method are adopted so as to give a solution to the equations. In the example, the effects of nano-beam length, nano-beam thickness, damage factor and surface efect to curves of amplitude-frequency response of the nano-beam are discussed. The results show that damage effects should be taken into consideration and the frequency can be controlled by load and structure size of nano-beam.
Analytical solutions of linear and nonlinear Klein-Fock-Gordon equation
Authors: Khan Najeeb Alam , Rasheed Sajida
Published: April 2015

In this paper, we deal with some linear and nonlinear Klein-Fock-Gordon (KFG) equations, which is a relativistic version of the Schrödinger equation. The approximate analytical solutions are obtained by using the homotopy analysis method (HAM). The efficiency of the HAM is that it provides a practical way to control the convergence region of series solutions by introducing an auxiliary parameter }. Analytical results presented are in agreement with the existing results in open literature, which confirm the effectiveness of this method.
Ionic liquids as selective extractants and ion carriers of heavy metal ions from aqueous solutions utilized in extraction and membrane separation
Authors: Pospiech Beata , Kujawski Wojciech
Published: April 2015

This paper analyzes the applications of various ionic liquids (ILs) as metal ion carriers and extractants utilized for the separation of metal cations from aqueous solutions. Subsequently, an up-to-date review of the use of ILs in polymer inclusion membranes is presented. ILs represent a promising group of extractants and ion carriers of metal ions in extraction and membrane separation processes. The removal of heavy metals ions from aqueous solutions using ILs indicates an extensive and promising research area. It is expected that the role of ILs will gradually increase as the worldwide implementation of separation methods in recovery of metal ions from various aqueous solutions is growing quickly.
On modifications of the Navier–Stokes equations
Authors: Kobelkov Georgij M.
Published: April 2015

A modification of the Navier-Stokes equations being in some sense generalization of the Ladyzhenskaya modification [2] is considered. Namely,we modify the elliptic operator in the first two motion equations in the same way as Ladyzhenskaya, but in two variables (not three), while the third motion equation is not changed. For the mixed boundary value problem in a bounded domain, existence and uniqueness of a solution ‘in the large’ is proved. The case of viscosity coefficient different in vertical and horizontal directions is also considered.
Error estimates for the RT0 and PWCF methods for the diffusion equations on triangular and tetrahedral meshes
Authors: Kuznetsov Yuri A.
Published: April 2015

In this paper,we give a brief overview of some results on error estimates for the flux vector functions in RT
Interpolation of functions based on Poincare type inequalities for functions with zero mean boundary traces
Authors: Repin Sergej I.
Published: April 2015

We consider interpolation operators for scalar and vector valued functions based on mean values (or on mean values of normal components) defined on certain amount of faces of a mesh consisting of the Lipschitz subdomains (cells). The main result establishes sufficient conditions, which guarantee that a function u ∈ H
Compression tests on square, thin-walled steel tube/bamboo-plywood composite hollow columns
Authors: Zhao Weifeng , Zhou Jing , Long Zhilin
Published: April 2015

Thin-walled steel tube/bamboo-plywood composite hollow columns (SBCCs) have excellent physical and mechanical properties. The simple cross section of this composite makes it simple to process and suitable for industrial production. In this paper, axial and eccentric compression tests were conducted on 21 specimens to study the failure characteristics and maximum bearing capacity of this composite. The test results showed that compressive failure in an SBCC is primarily characterized by damage from glue failure at the matrix interface at the end of the column, internal damage of the bamboo-plywood material, damage from glue failure on the tension side in the middle of the column, and buckling damage to the plywood material on the compressive side. The overall adhesive strength between the matrixes primarily determined the failure mode. The maximum bearing capacity of the SBCC generally increased with the net cross-sectional area of the bamboo and decreased with the slenderness ratio and eccentricity. The hollow ratio reduced the slenderness ratio of the test specimens with the same net cross-sectional area of the bamboo and increased the critical compressive load, which significantly improved the compressive load capacity, as was reflected in the slenderness ratio. Finally, a model was formulated based on a non-linear regression analysis of the experimental data. The model was used to determine the allowable compressive capacity of an SBCC to provide guidance for engineering applications.