bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Empowering Women Entrepreneurs' Good Health and Well-Being through Education and Access to Quality Healthcare
Authors: Agustin Pratama Sari Dewi , Firdausi Rachmadania Rizki , Iranto Dicky , Hasanah Nuramalia , Takidah Erika , Aminah Hania , Ikhwan Muhammad , Al Finsih Muhamad , Jofarhan Muhammad , Hidayat Nur
Published: January 2025

Nowadays, business opportunities are wide open, including for women who are usually marginalized. Being a female entrepreneur certainly has its own challenges. The challenges will be even greater if women also act as wives and mothers. PPUMI Women's community, often face the problems that women with multiple roles have difficulty finding balance in dividing their time between work, family and themselves. Often their mental and physical health is disturbed. In fact, to increase one's capabilities so that one can carry out tasks with various roles carried out in social life, awareness is needed to care for and maintain one's own sanity. Therefore, the UNJ Community Service team aims to holding seminars and online consultations regarding women's empowerment so that they can grow their mental and mental capacity in balancing multiple or more roles in social life in society. The invited speakers are expert speakers who have experienced similar problems but have succeeded in growing their capacity and ability to deal with them with total number of participants are more than 30. We hope that the target partners for this community service can experience the same thing and continue to grow.
Efikasi Herbisida Parakuat Diklorida Terhadap Gulma di Perkebunan Kopi Tanaman Belum Menghasilkan
Authors: Sari Resti , Pujisiswanto Hidayat
Published: January 2025

Testing of the control power of the paraquat dichloride herbicide in suppressing weed growth in immature coffee cultivation was carried out in Sumber Jaya, West Lampung in May-August 2023. The research aimed to obtain an effective dose of paraquat dichloride and determine its phytotoxicity to coffee plants. The treatments consisted of 5 levels of paraquat dichloride dosage, namely 276 g ha-1(B1); 414 g ha-1(B2); 552 g ha-1(B3); 690 g ha-1(B4); and 828 g ha-1(B5) and compared with manual weeding treatment (B6) and control (no treatment) (B7). The research used a Randomized Block Design (RBD) with 4 repetitions. Based on the research results, it can be seen that paraquat dichloride at a dose of 552 - 828 g ha-1 was effective in suppressing the total weed growth of the dominant weeds Asystasia gangetica, Ageratum conyzoides, Synedrella nodiflora, Ottochloa nodosa, Paspalum conjugatum, and Richardia brasiliensis until 8 days after application (DAA). Application of paraquat dichloride at a dose of 414 - 828 g ha-1 was able to control the growth of A. conyzoides and S. nodiflora weeds until 8 DAA. Application of paraquat dichloride at a dose of 276 - 828 g ha-1 on immature coffee plants did not cause symptoms of poisoning.
Pengaruh Kombinasi Pupuk Kandang Ayam dan Pupuk NPK Terhadap Pertumbuhan Tanaman Cabai Merah Besar (Capsicum annuum L.)
Authors: Meida Nur Lathifa , Triani Nova , Dewanti Felicitas Deru
Published: January 2025

Big red chili is a vegetable plant that plays an important role for people in Indonesia as one of the kitchen spices and big red chili fruits have a high selling value. Plant growth and production can be influenced by land conditions to support plant growth and development, so there is a need for organic and balanced fertilization activities. This research conducted in Jabaran Hamlet, Pohkecik Village, Dlanggu District, Mojokerto Regency from October 2023 to February 2024. The research design used was a randomized block design (RAK) consisting of two factors with 3 replications. The first factor is the dose of chicken manure which consists of 15 tons/ha; 20 tons/ha; and 25 tons/ha and the second factor, namely the dose of NPK fertilizer consists of 75%; 50%; and 25%. The results of the study showed that the combination of 20 tons/ha of chicken manure and 25% NPK fertilizer had a real effect on plant height parameters and stem diameter, while the combination of 15 tons/ha of chicken manure and 50% NPK fertilizer had a real effect on the number of leaves.
Intensitas Serangan Kutu Kebul pada Tanaman Tomat dengan pemberian Pestisida Nabati Berbahan Dasar Daun Tembakau
Authors: Safitri Betari , Putri Sekar Utami , Febria Dila , Darma Wika Anrya
Published: January 2025

Whiteflies are the main insect pests of Solanaceae plants, especially tomatoes. The need for tomatoes has not been met due to fluctuating production. Increasing tomato production to meet national needs can be done by controlling these two main insect pests. Control can be done using vegetable pesticides. These ingredients include tobacco leaves, citronella leaves, and Javanese chilies. This research was carried out in June - August 2024 at the Lampung State Polytechnic practicum area. The study used a randomized block design with 6 treatments and 4 replications. The six treatments consisted of six plant-based pesticide compositions based on tobacco leaves. The composition of the botanical pesticide made is A. 100% tobacco leaves, B. 50% tobacco leaves + 50% citronella leaves, C. 75% tobacco leaves + 25% citronella leaves, D. 50% tobacco leaves + 50% Javanese chili, E. 75% tobacco leaves + 25% Javanese chili, and F. 35% tobacco leaves + 35% citronella leaves, and 30% Javanese chili. The results obtained in this study were that all tobacco-based botanical pesticide treatments could reduce the whitefly population by 100%. No composition is most effective in suppressing whitefly populations on tomato plants.
The Instant Mastery of Kitab Kuning with the Al-Bidayah Method: Between Kiai Fractured Authority and Pesantren Tradition Preservation
Authors: Muchlish Huda Muhammad , Muslih Mohammad
Published: January 2025

This research discusses the kitab kuning learning method in Islamic boarding schools called the Al-Bidayah method and how this approach is narrated as the antithesis of the bandongan approach tradition that has been established in pesantren. In pesantren, bandongan is considered by observers as a method that inherits the culture of rigid social class relations in Islamic boarding schools, especially between kiai, santri and society as a social group that is the object of the kiai's preaching. This is due to the basic character of bandongan which is designed to create an exclusive distance between the three social groups above. Meanwhile, the Al-Bidayah method has an inclusive basic character and with its mixture of the great traditions of pesantren and pop-culture typical of the younger generation, it can instantly break down rigid social divisions and classes. To discuss the social phenomena, this research uses Pierre Felix Bourdieu's theory of cultural reproduction and habitus. The results of this research state that the Al-Bidayah method uses an inter-directional learning and meaning model so that the students' abilities are more dynamic. The Al-Bidayah method also emphasizes discursive learning patterns with the language of instruction being translated from Arabic, but using Indonesian, so the researcher concludes that this approach is a form of desacralization of nahwu-sharaf which has been a special science in pesantren into a discipline that can be consumed and discussed. This approach also breaks down the chain of cultural reproduction of the bandongan tradition which emphasizes one-way learning and relies entirely on the authority of the kiai as the merely source of information and source of truth so that students who learn using this method will then, after returning to take part in society, be able to become social agents. in creating close relations between kiai, santri and the community.
Analyzing Educational Prophetic Leadership in Disruption Era in Muhammadiyah Pesantren: Implementation and Relevance
Authors: Dewi Citra Kusuma , Mukhlis Fahrudin , Muthohirin Nafik
Published: January 2025

This article aims to review and analyze the relevance of prophetic leadership patterns in Muhammadiyah Pesantren with leaders' needs in the disruption era. This is evidenced by the management of education that uses the latest technology to face the growing social challenges. The era of disruption is changing the management of education that uses renewable technology to face the growing social challenges, especially in education, and how Muhammadiyah tackles this issue. Muhammadiyah Pesantren is an educational institution that adheres to the values of prophetic leadership with that character and does not abandon the transformation of digitalization in the era of disruption. The research method used is qualitative, with data collected through field studies. In-depth interviews were conducted with the Head of the Muhammadiyah Pesantren Development Institute PWM East Java and the leaders of Al-Furqon Muhammadiyah Pesantren Batu City to clarify the phenomenon of education in the current era of disruption. Data validation was carried out using the triangulation method. Leaders today require high standards and qualifications to present quality, efficient, and effective leadership patterns to solve future challenges. The education system managed by Muhammadiyah Pesantren leaders requires transformation with the concept of digitalization without leaving prophetic values as the foundation of its leadership. It is only necessary to develop the concept of prophetic leadership to penetrate every aspect of renewal and modernization. The implementation of ideal leadership in this era is designed with the concepts of humanization, liberation, and transcendence. This research proposes recommendations for concrete practices of ideal leadership for Muhammadiyah Pesantren in facing the challenges of the disruption era.
Plan de Negocios para la comercialización de mochilas para mascotas vía online en Lima Metropolitana
Authors:   , Revollo Acevedo Jhon Fernando , Jara Aguado Anggella Mercedes
Published: January 2025

Kangu Can S.A.C, mediante su marca KANGUCAN tendrá como principal actividad económica la comercialización de mochilas transportadoras de mascotas en principalmente para perros de razas pequeñas y grandes. Los materiales del cual se confeccionará las mochilas transportadoras garantizarán la comodidad tanto para la mascota como para el dueño. La comercialización de este producto será mediante el canal digital del E-Commerce, la alternativa será a través de carrito de compras y market place de las redes sociales con los cuales se espera ampliar el mercado meta mediante campañas, promociones y ofertas.
Evaluación del impacto de las embarcaciones turísticas sobre los grupos madre-cría de Megaptera novaeangliae en el norte de Perú
Authors:   , Uceda Vega Piero Vincenzo
Published: January 2025

La actividad turística de avistamiento de ballenas en el norte peruano ha experimentado un crecimiento exponencial en los últimos años, sin embargo, a pesar del continuo aumento de embarcaciones dedicadas a esta actividad, hasta la fecha no se encuentra sujeta a una regulación rigurosa y detallada. En base a ello, durante la temporada reproductiva de ballenas jorobadas (Megaptera novaeangliae) en el 2022 se llevó a cabo un estudio para determinar el impacto generado por las embarcaciones turísticas en los grupos madre-cría (MC) de ballenas jorobadas a través del uso de un vehículo aéreo no tripulado (VANT). Se evidenció una alta correlación entre los comportamientos efectuados por las madres y crías, demostrando de esta manera la importancia del cuidado maternal. Además, se identificaron cambios significativos en la frecuencia (0.0001) y tiempo (0.009) dedicado al descanso, reportándose una reducción del 64% en presencia de embarcaciones. Por otro lado, la frecuencia de buceo fue significativamente mayor en presencia de embarcaciones turísticas (0.001) para el presente estudio, lo cual puede ser considerado como una estrategia de evitación para reducir los niveles de estrés. El tiempo en superficie no presentó cambios significativos, sin embargo, se evidenció un aumento significativo en la frecuencia de salida a la superficie (0.01), lo cual puede estar generando un mayor gasto energético. En base a estos resultados, se resalta la importancia de establecer un código de conducta regulado para llevar a cabo esta actividad de manera responsable, ya que cuando no se siguen los lineamientos recomendatorios de buenas prácticas este puede generar un impacto a corto plazo en comportamientos vitales.
WITHDRAWN: Optimal Planning of Smart Parking Lot based Combined Hydrogen, Heat and Power (SPL-CHHP) to improve Eco-Techno-Emission Constraints
Authors: Mohammad Suleiman Ibrahim , Oraini Badrea Al , Alkhayyat Ahmad , Vasudevan Asokan , Vaghela Krunal , Dey Protyay , Aggarwal Ankita , Sri G. , Jaafar Mahdi Sh. , Al-KHAFAJI MUSTAFA
Published: January 2025

14 January, 2025. Research Square has withdrawn this preprint after confirming substantial overlap with a manuscript previously submitted by another author.
Exploration of Refined Humane Endpoints for Melioidosis in BALB/c Mice
Authors: Maishman Thomas , Harris Michael , Barnes Kay , Laws Thomas , May Emily , Nelson Michelle , Harding Sarah
Published: January 2025

The development of humane endpoints is critical for refining scientific studies involving animals. Body weight and clinical signs of disease data collected in four recent studies assessing medical countermeasures for utility against the disease melioidosis in mice, was further analyzed. This work used this information to ascertain if a suitable alternative humane endpoint could be identified. A total of 66 possible alternative humane endpoints were explored, which varied the threshold values of the ‘percentage body weight loss post-challenge’ and ‘the clinical signs over time’, following cessation of treatment. The findings indicated a suitable alternative endpoint of a percentage weight loss threshold of 25%, and/or using an average total clinical signs score of ≥ 5 over a 48 hour period. This resulted in a sizeable reduction in median ‘sign-days’ (total clinical score multiplied by the number of days remaining in study) saved per mouse of 21 days, whilst maintaining 100% sensitivity and 93% specificity. In addition, the risk in altering the scientific outcome of each study remained low when utilizing this new endpoint. In conclusion, current humane endpoints in this setting can be refined without negatively impacting the key study findings.
Extracellular Vesicles of Minimalistic Mollicutes as Mediators of Immune Modulation and Horizontal Gene Transfer
Authors: WAGNER THERESA , Torres-Puig Sergi , Yimthin Thatcha , Démoulins Thomas , Jores Jörg
Published: January 2025

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are central components of bacterial secretomes, including the small, cell wall-less Mollicutes. Although EV release in Mollicutes has been reported, EV proteomic composition and function have not been explored yet.
We developed a protocol for isolating EVs of the pathogens Mycoplasma mycoidessubsp. capri (Mmc) and Mycoplasma (Mycoplasmopsis)bovis and examined their functionality. Proteomic analysis demonstrated that EVs mirror the proteome of their homologous strain. EVs exhibited nuclease activity, effectively digesting both circular and linear DNA. Notably, EVs elicited immune responses in bovine primary blood cells, like those induced by live M. bovis.
Our findings reveal that EVs can carry plasmids and enable their horizontal transfer, known as vesiduction. Specifically, the natural plasmid pKMK1, with an unknown transmission route, was detected in EVs of Mmc 152/93 and the tetM-containing pIV08 plasmid was associated with EVs released by an Mmc GM12 strain carrying this plasmid. pIVB08 could be transferred via homo- and heterologous vesiduction to Mmc, M. capricolum subsp. capricolum and M. leachii. Vesiduction was impeded by membrane disruption but resisted DNase and Proteinase K treatment, suggesting that EVs protect their cargo.
These findings enhance our understanding of Mollicutes EVs, particularly in host interactions and horizontal gene transfer.
Polaritons in non-fullerene acceptors for high responsivity angle-independent organic narrowband infrared photodiodes
Authors: Daskalakis Konstantinos , Abdelmagid Ahmed Gaber , Qiao Zhuoran , Coenegracht Boudewijn , Yu Gaon , Qureshi Hassan Ali , Anthopoulos Thomas , Gasparini Nicola
Published: January 2025

Narrowband infrared organic photodetectors are in great demand for sensing, imaging, and spectroscopy applications. However, most existing strategies for narrowband detection depend on spectral filtering either through saturable absorption, which requires active layers exceeding 500 nm, restricting the choice of materials for producing high-quality films, or cavity effects, which inherently introduce strong angular dispersion. Microcavity exciton-polariton (polariton) modes, which emerge from strong exciton-photon coupling, have recently been explored as an angular dispersion suppression strategy for organic optoelectronics. In this work, we present the first narrowband infrared polariton organic photodiode that combines angle-independent response with a record-high responsivity of 0.24 A/W at 965 nm and -2 V. This device, featuring a 100-nm-thin active layer comprising a non-fullerene acceptor, exhibits a detection mode with a full-width at half-maximum of less than 30 nm and a marginal angular dispersion of under 15 nm across ±45◦. This study highlights the potential of polaritons as an innovative platform for developing next-generation optoelectronic devices that achieve simultaneous enhancements in optical and electronic performance.
Molecular epidemiology of Ascaris lumbricoides following multiple rounds of community-wide treatment: who infects whom?
Authors: Landeryou Toby , Maddren Rosie , Hearn Jack , Belachew Mahlet , -Gomez Santiago Rayment , Liyew Ewnetu Firdawek , Forbes Kathryn , Abtew Birhan , Lawton Scott , Eze Jude , Tasew Geremew , Angulo Ufaysa , Anderson Roy
Published: January 2025

Control and elimination of the parasite Ascaris lumbricoides relies on mass administration using a limited number of anti-helminthics. Whilst these programs have reduced the infection intensity and prevalence within many endemic regions transmission is poorly understood, with reinfection commonly occurring following cessation of treatment. Here, we utilise genomic data to understand parasite transmission within and between households in a community and the genomic impact of repeated MDA. We sequenced 54 whole-genomes from individuals in a longitudinal cohort epidemiological study of transmission and drug treatment extending over 6 years. We found that fine-scale population structure exists in spatially distinct clusters of infected individuals with reinfection occurring within or between geographically close households. This observation helps inform the policy of future control in low prevalence settings suggesting more targeted treatment of infection hotspots We found evidence of positive selection acting on members of gene families previously implicated in reduced drug efficacy but detect no high frequency of impactful variants. As efforts to eliminate A. lumbricoides intensify, our study provides a foundation for genomic surveillance to help identify both who infects whom and the impact of repeated drug treatment.
Molecular Engineering of Melanin for Enhanced Biological γ-ray Protection
Authors: Cao Wei , Deng Ruotong , Li Yuxi , Ou Yining , Wang Jian , Zhang Xuanying , Zhang Junbo , Ruan Qing , Xu Huaping , Chen Wei , Zhang Chunlei , Zhu Hanjie , Zhang Yongxian , Niu Yantao , Hu Zhubin
Published: January 2025

The escalating utilization of ionizing radiation across medicine and industry, coupled with the relentless global nuclear rivalry, underscoring the paramount urgency of effective radioprotective materials. Conventional materials such as lead and concrete are widely used, and lead-free materials have also emerged to solve the problems of cumbersome and toxic lead, such as metal-containing micro/nano materials and polymers. Nevertheless, there is still a significant challenge in meeting the urgent need for lightweight and biocompatible alternatives. To tackle this challenge, this work utilizes molecular engineering of melanin to develop a panel of novel metal-free melanin materials with enhanced conjugation, heightened physical shielding against radiation and effective antioxidant properties. Remarkably, engineered melanin materials demonstrated unprecedented in vivo γ-ray protection, increasing mice survival from 0–100%.
Land Use Land Cover Change Detection in Asabla Watershed, Northern Highlands of Ethiopia
Authors: Amare Abebe , Alemayehu Zewde , Miju Cherinet
Published: January 2025

Purpose
Land use change is a fundamental variable that impacts and links many parts of the human and physical environments. The analysis and monitoring of changes in land use and resources using Landsat imagery is important to understand the extent and magnitude of the changes. Therefore, the study was conducted to analyze the land use land cover change in Asabla watershed Northwest Ethiopia during 2020/22.
Methods
This study examines land use/land cover changes from 1986 to 2020 using Landsat satellite images and field data from (DEM) from USGS using supervised methods in ERDAS Imagine 2010 and ArcGIS 10.3. LU/LC classes, including forestland, grazing land, cultivated land, and settlements, were analyzed. Accuracy assessments were performed using 150 ground control points, with measures like producer and user accuracy, overall accuracy, and Kappa coefficient to evaluate classification precision. The percent change and annual rate of change to assess the magnitude of LU/LC over time was calculated.
Result
The (LU/LC) changes in a watershed from 1986 to 2020, revealing significant transformations across four primary classes: cultivated land, settlements, grazing land, and forestland. Accuracy assessments for the classified images indicated high reliability in 2020 (88.65%) with Kappa values 0.80, signaling strong agreement with ground truth data. Cultivated land increased steadily from 1986 to 2020, primarily at the expense of grazing lands and forest cover. In contrast, forestland showed a consistent increase, largely due to the expansion of eucalyptus plantations.
Conclusion
The study highlights significant LU/LCC in the watershed from 1986 to 2020. These changes are primarily driven by population growth, agricultural expansion, and the establishment of eucalyptus plantations. Therefore, sustainable land management strategies and policy, balancing agricultural expansion with the preservation of grazing lands and agroforestry practices to mitigate the land use change on the environment and local communities could be implemented.
Music and massage for patients undergoing chemotherapy infusion
Authors: Correia Ana Carolina Barbosa dos Santos , Ferreia Alida Rosária Silva , Correia Maria Isabel Toulson Davisson
Published: January 2025

Purpose: It has been found that the combination of music and therapeutic massage has positive effects on cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy infusion, therefore, this study evaluates the effects of music and therapeutic massage on pain, quality of life, and well-being of patients undergoing chemotherapy infusion.
Method: A randomized, crossover study was conducted with patients over 18 years old with cancer, who were randomly allocated to either receive twenty minutes of therapeutic massage and music by a trained physical therapist in the first three chemotherapy sessions or in the last three. Patients were evaluated using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) for pain, European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Core Quality of Life Questionnaire-30 for quality of life and the Subjective Well-Being Scale for well-being (EBES).
Results: Participants (N=54) had better health-related quality of life (p=0.000* and p=0.002*) and improved well-being about life satisfaction (p=0.008* and p=0.000*) at the end of the study intervention. Patients who started the research receiving the intervention had a better index of positive affect and a decrease in fears and anxieties regarding the upcoming oncology treatment (p=0.001*). There were no differences in the reported pain between the groups. Conclusion: The association of music and therapeutic massage promoted an increase in the quality of life related to health and well-being in cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy treatment.
The Potential Role of BCL2A1⁺ Tissue-Resident Macrophages in the Prognosis of Wilms Tumor
Authors: Wang Wei , Tang Zhishen , Zhu Zhihui , Zhuo Yingquan , Du Jun , Zhu Yuxian , Luo Xi , Xiao Jingjing , Gu Huajian
Published: January 2025

Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) have a significant impact on the prognosis and treatment outcomes of Wilms tumor (WT) patients. To explore the key mechanisms underlying WT progression and immune therapy, this study used CIBERSORT to analyze the immune cell infiltration of 120 WT patients. Combined with single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) data, the heterogeneity of macrophages in WT and adjacent tissues was revealed, identifying a subpopulation of tissue-resident macrophages with specific expression of BCL2A1. Further validation through immunohistochemistry (IHC) and immunofluorescence (IF) experiments confirmed the presence of BCL2A1⁺ tissue-resident macrophages and showed that their high expression is associated with advanced tumors and poor prognosis. Functional enrichment analysis suggests that BCL2A1⁺ tissue-resident macrophages may promote WT progression through immune regulation and apoptosis pathways. This study is the first to identify the presence of a BCL2A1⁺ tissue-resident macrophage subset in WT and reveal its critical role in tumor progression, potentially providing a novel target for personalized immunotherapy.
Fostering Research Engagement and Ideation: Insights from Medical Students in Thailand
Authors: Plangsiri Settanan , Jirapornsuwan Manisara , Kaewkamjornchai Phanuwich
Published: January 2025

Background
Research plays a crucial role in fostering critical thinking skills in students, which greatly contributes to their future careers. In addition, many life-saving drugs have been developed from discoveries made through medical student research. However, students often struggle to find captivating research topics and suitable advisors. This study aims to facilitate medical student engagement in research by identifying how experienced researchers generate ideas and connect with research advisors.
Methods
A sequential mixed-methods approach was employed, incorporating both quantitative and qualitative surveys. The study focused on the 2023 cohort of third-year medical students, who were required to complete a research proposal as part of their graduation requirements. Quantitative data were analyzed using t-tests and Chi-square tests to assess associations. Additionally, structured interviews were conducted to provide deeper qualitative insights.
Results
The most important factor in initiating research ideas was discussing with faculty staff specializing in the area of interest (91.5%), followed by self-literature review (53.2%), and attending research seminars (46.8%). For successive research projects, attending research seminars became less important (21.9%). Research advisors were primarily found through research seminars (38.1%) and by directly asking class lecturers (20.3%). First research advisors were often class professors (23.4%), while successive research advisors were obtained through other professors' recommendations (28.1%). The interview delved deeper into each participant’s motivations for pursuing research, uncovering their perspectives on how effectively the curriculum facilitated professor matching and their personal experiences with research advisors. Additionally, while many participants expressed a personal interest in research, the majority opposed the idea of making research a mandatory requirement in medical school.
Conclusion
Discussion with faculty staff, personal literature review, and research seminars are crucial in sparking research ideas among medical students. However, research seminars become less relevant for generating ideas after students complete their first research project. Research seminars still play a significant role in helping students find research advisors. Medical schools aiming to promote research among students should support these activities.
Investigation of the factors that cause respiratory tract infection during the COVID-19 pandemic in Afyonkarahisar, Turkey (2020-2021).
Authors: Köklu Ramazan , ŞEN Emek TÜRKEKUL , ESEN Berrin , KONYA Petek ŞARLAK , KORKMAZ Derya , BÜKÜLMEZ Ayşegül , Tahta Evrim Gürhan
Published: January 2025

Background
Respiratory tract infections are a significant cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. In particular, closely monitoring pathogens with pandemic potential is essential for early diagnosis and control of possible pandemics. In this study, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and viruses that most commonly cause respiratory tract infections in patients with similar clinical symptoms during the COVID-19 pandemic were examined; Influenza A/Influenza B; influenza A H1/H3/H5/H7; Human MetapneumoVirus (HMPV), Human respiratory syncytial virus (HRSV) A/B, Human rhinovirus (HRV); human bocavirus (HBoV); The simultaneous presence of Human enterovirus (HEV), Human parechvirus (HPeV), Human adenovirus (AV), Human coronavirus (HCoV) HKU/NL63/OC43/229E and Parainfluenza (PIV) 1/2/3/4 viruses were investigated.
Methods
Nasopharyngeal swab samples taken from 100 patients were analyzed using the multiplex single-step reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (Multiplex RT qPCR) method.
Results
SARS-CoV-2 was detected in two (1%) of 50 samples taken from pediatric patients, and Human coronavirus (HCoV) OC43 was positive in one. While 14 samples (28%) were found to be positive for SARS-CoV-2 in the adult patient group, other respiratory tract viruses were not detected.
Conclusions
Although the study was carried out during the high season of influenza and other respiratory viral pathogens, they were found to be at low numbers and ratios. The reason for the low detection rate of SARS-CoV-2 virus and other respiratory tract viruses was interpreted as taking personal precautions and quarantine measures during the COVID-19 pandemic. It was thought that SARS-CoV-2 activity and its effect on seasonal influenza and other respiratory tract virus activities should be followed closely in the coming years.
The Effects of Balance Training on Physical Fitness and Skill- related Performance in Basketball Players: A Systematic Review
Authors: Cao Shudian , Gao Lei , Geok Soh Kim , Liu Jia , Wang Zhaoran
Published: January 2025

Background
Existing evidence suggests that balance training (BT) has a positive impact on physical fitness and sports performance. However, its specific effects on basketball players have not been extensively studied. Therefore, this systematic review aims to analyze the influence of BT on the physical fitness and skill-related performance of basketball players.
Method
A thorough search was conducted across four databases (Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed, and EBSCOhost) for studies published until August 24, 2024, using keywords related to BT and basketball. The quality of the included studies was assessed using the "Qualsyst" tool.
Results
Thirteen studies involving 373 participants were included, focusing on BT interventions lasting a minimum of four weeks. These studies demonstrated that BT led to significant enhancements in balance, power, agility, stability, and basketball skill-related performance. Nevertheless, certain assessments such as the balance error scoring system, triple hop distance, 30-second maximal performance jump, single-leg triple hop, Y reactive agility, and maneuver running tests did not show significant improvements.
Conclusion
BT proves to be a valuable intervention for improving physical fitness and skill-related performance among basketball players. Coaches and trainers should customize training protocols based on player experience and emphasize adequate training volume (totalling 8–24 hours) to maximize outcomes. Future research should delve into gender-specific adaptations and explore the long-term impacts of BT.
IMPLIKATUR DALAM AKUN INSTAGRAM "KOMIK GRONTOL": SEBUAH KAJIAN PRAGMATIK
Authors: Budiawan Raden Yusuf Sidiq , Ulfiyani Siti , Mualafina Rawinda Fitrotul , Mukhlis Mukhlis , Tamara Rani
Published: January 2025

The purpose of this study is to describe the form and function of the implicature used in the Instagram account "Komik Grontol". This research conducted using a descriptive qualitative approach. The data source in this research is the Instagram social media account of "Komik Grontol". The data taken is in the form of written utterances in humor posts on the "Komik Grontol" account that contain implicatures. The data in this study were collected from October 2022 to February 2023 with the technique of listening and noting. Data analysis in this study was carried out using the padan method. The results of data analysis show that there are two forms of implicature, namely conventional implicature and conversational implicature. Conversational implicature dominates with 24 data. The rest is a form of conventional implicature as much as 4 data. Furthermore, 5 functions were found in the data of "Komik Grontol" Instagram account posts, namely representative as much as 6 data, directive as much as 7 data, expressive as much as 12 data, commissive as much as 2 data, and isbati as much as 1 data. The expressive function is the most dominant.
Structural Modifications and Prospects of Histone Deacetylase (HDAC) Inhibitors in Cancer
Authors: Chen Yu , Su Jiahong , Li Sha , Chen Feier , Zhang Yan , Wang Xingyue , Zhang Yinping , Wang Xiang , Yuan Zijun , Ren Siqi , He Xinyu , Zhao Yueshui , Wu Xu , Li Mingxing , Du Fukuan , Deng Shuai , Shen Jing , xiao Zhangang
Published: January 2025

Histone deacetylases (HDACs) play a crucial role in the regulation of cancer
progression and have emerged as key targets for antitumor therapy. Histone Deacetylase
Inhibitors (HDACis) effectively suppress tumor cell proliferation, induce apoptosis, and
cause cell cycle arrest, demonstrating broad-spectrum antitumor activity. This article primarily
focuses on enhancing the selectivity of HDACis through structural modification
using natural compounds. It provides detailed insights into the structure modification of
histone deacetylase 8 (HDAC8) and histone deacetylase 10 (HDAC10), as well as dual--
target inhibitors and their pharmacological effects. Furthermore, conventional HDAC inhibitors
are susceptible to off-target effects and the development of drug resistance. Our
research focuses on augmenting the targeting specificity of HDAC inhibitors through
their combination with proteolysis targeting chimera (PROTAC). Lastly, the latest advancements
in clinical research on HDAC inhibitors were summarized, revealing that these
inhibitors possess limitations in their clinical applications due to intrinsic or acquired
resistance. Consequently, this article primarily focuses on summarizing the current
status and prospects of structural modifications for HDAC inhibitors, with the aim
of inspiring researchers to develop novel HDAC inhibitors exhibiting enhanced activity
for improved application in clinical research.
Contribution of Type 2 Diabetes Susceptible Gene GCKR Polymorphisms Rs780094 and Rs1260326 to Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Zhang Yuke , Wang Kuangyi , Ji Chenxi , Lin Yansi , Liu Zitong , Chen Jing , Zheng Feifei , Yang Xiaoqin , Sun Yi
Published: January 2025

Background:

There is still no conclusive understanding of whether the glucokinase regulator
(GCKR) gene rs780094 and rs1260326 polymorphisms predispose to gestational diabetes
mellitus (GDM).

Objective:

This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to determine the effect of the GCKR
polymorphisms on GDM susceptibility.

Methods:

Seven literature databases were searched (from inception to February 17, 2024) to locate
relevant studies included in further meta-analysis. Odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence intervals
(CI) in the pooled population were estimated to assess the effects of the variant allele on
GDM risk.

Results:

For the rs780094 polymorphism, 13 datasets with 3443 GDM cases and 5930 nondiabetic
controls were included. The pooled estimates in the allele model (OR: 1.19, 95% CI:
1.07~1.32), homozygote model (OR: 1.27, 95% CI: 1.10~1.47), dominant model (OR: 1.16, 95%
CI: 1.03~1.31), and recessive model (OR: 1.31, 95% CI: 1.09~1.57) suggested that the C allele carriers
were prone to GDM. For the rs1260326 polymorphism, five datasets with 1495 cases and
2678 controls were integrated. The statistically significant effect of the C allele was evident in the
allele model (OR: 1.12, 95% CI: 1.01~1.24) and the homozygote model (OR: 1.26, 95% CI:
1.03~1.54).

Conclusion:

This meta-analysis suggested that the C allele of the rs780094 and rs1260326 polymorphisms
in the GCKR gene are significantly associated with increased risk of GDM
Cardiovascular Findings and Effects of Caffeine on Experimental
Hypothyroidism
Authors: Yüksel Duygu , Ozmen Ozlem
Published: January 2025

Background:

Thyroid hormone deficiencies can disrupt organ functions, significantly
impacting the cardiovascular system. Recently, the effects of thyroid hormones on the heart
have garnered increased attention. However, most studies are conducted on humans using clinical
data, while cellular-level and experimental studies remain limited.

Objective:

This study aimed to investigate the cardiovascular implications of hypothyroidism
and evaluate the impact of caffeine on cardiac health in rats induced with hypothyroidism using
propylthiouracil (PTU).

Methods:

The study involved 60 rats divided into six groups. Group 1 served as the untreated
control. Group 2 received PTU for two months to induce hypothyroidism. Group 3 received
PTU for one month, followed by caffeine for one month. Group 4 received caffeine for two
months. Group 5 received both PTU and caffeine simultaneously for two months. Group 6 received
PTU for one month, followed by one month under normal conditions.

Results:

During necropsy, normal thyroid glands were observed in Groups 1, 4, and 6, enlarged
thyroids in Group 2, and smaller thyroids in Groups 3 and 5. Microscopic examination revealed
varying thyroid histologies: Group 2 showed significant epithelial cell proliferation and absent
colloid, while Groups 3, 5, and 6 had altered yet colloid-containing acini. Macroscopic inspection
of hearts appeared normal across all groups. However, histopathological examination revealed
significant hyperemia and microhemorrhages in Group 2, contrasting with normal findings
in other groups. Immunohistochemical analysis indicated reduced cardiac troponin expression
in Group 2, while other groups maintained prominent expression. Additionally, Group 2
displayed increased serum TSH levels and decreased T3 and T4 levels.

Conclusions:

The findings suggest that administering caffeine alongside or after PTU treatment
in rats with experimentally induced hypothyroidism may ameliorate thyroid and cardiac irregularities.
This study indicates caffeine's potential in mitigating the adverse effects of hypothyroidism
on thyroid and heart health.
Lingguizhugan Decoction in the Treatment of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Lu Yifan , Nie Lijuan , Yang Xinyi , Zhao Ziming , Wang Yuxiao , Wu Qibiao , Zhou Xiqiao
Published: January 2025

Objective:

This study systematically evaluated the efficacy and safety of Ling Gui Zhu
Gan Decoction for treating non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.

Methods:

Registered under CRD42024501460 on the PROSPERO platform, we searched eight
major databases, including Web of Science, PubMed, Cochrane, Embase, China National Knowledge
Infrastructure, Wanfang database, Chinese Scientific Journals Database, and Chinese
Biomedicine Database, from inception to December 2023 for randomized controlled trials on Ling
Gui Zhu Gan Decoction in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease treatment. We extracted data on total
efficiency, TC, TG, ALT, AST, GGT, and HOMA-IR, analyzing results with RevMan 5.4 software.

Results:

Twelve studies met the inclusion criteria, encompassing 970 cases. Ling Gui Zhu Gan Decoction,
alone or combined with standard therapy, significantly improved non-alcoholic fatty liver
disease outcomes, regardless of treatment duration. Only one study reported adverse events, including
bloating, diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, and rash.

Conclusion:

Ling Gui Zhu Gan Decoction appears to be an effective and safe option for non-alcoholic
fatty liver disease treatment. However, due to limited studies and methodological weakness,
further rigorous randomized controlled trials are necessary for conclusive results.
Role of the Nursing Professional in Euthanasia: A Qualitative Systematic Review
Authors: Avila María Isabel Antury , Díaz Chavarro Blanca Cecilia , Campo Alexandra Paja , Vargas Murillo Sandra Milena
Published: January 2025

Background

Until the date of the search, Euthanasia was legally accepted in 5 countries: the Netherlands, Belgium, Luxembourg, Canada and Colombia.

Objective

We aimed to identify the role of nurses in euthanasia based on articles published both nationally and internationally between 2014 and 2022.

Methods

Qualitative and quantitative studies, editorials, literature reviews and Colombian regulations were included. Publications that did not meet the criteria of the Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology statement and the Spanish Critical Appraisal Skills Programme were excluded. In total, 57 articles were evaluated and 19 were selected. Appropriate copyright principles were followed in accordance with Colombian Law 23 of 1982.

Results

With the data obtained, 4 thematic categories were developed as follows: reception and management of euthanasia requests and regulations in Colombia; emotional accompaniment and effective communication with the patient and family; participation in euthanasia preparations and administration of medications; and management of requests and administration of medications.

Conclusion

Nursing plays an important role in the care of the patient requesting euthanasia, from the reception and management of the request to the administration of the lethal drugs.
Chrysin: A Potential Antiandrogen Ligand to Mutated Androgen Receptors in Prostate Cancer
Authors: Carranza-Aranda Ahtziri Socorro , Santerre Anne , Segura-Cabrera Aldo , Cárdenas-Vargas Albertina , Martínez-Velázquez Moisés , Hernández-Gutiérrez Rodolfo , Herrera-Rodríguez Sara Elisa
Published: January 2025

Background:

Androgen receptor mutations, particularly T877A and W741L, promote prostate cancer (PCa). The main therapies against PCa use androgen
receptor (AR) antagonists, including Bicalutamide; but these drugs lose their effectiveness over time. Chrysin is a flavonoid with several biological
activities, including antitumoral properties; however, its potential as an antiandrogen must be explored.

Objective:

The present study aimed to characterize and compare the molecular interactions of chrysin with wild-type and mutated ARs and their cytotoxic
effect in an in vitro model of PCa.

Methods:

The affinities and molecular interactions of Bicalutamide and chrysin for the wild-type and mutated forms of AR were assessed by molecular
docking. The MTT assay was used to evaluate the cytotoxic effect of these ligands on the DU-145 (T877A) and PC3 (W741L) PCa cell lines and
on non-tumoral RWPE-1 cells.

Results:

The molecular dockings predicted a higher affinity of chrysin for the mutated AR than the wild-type AR (WT-AR); meanwhile, Bicalutamide
presented a higher affinity for WT-AR. The amino acid residues involved in molecular interactions within the binding site of these receptors
changed according to the ligands and AR variants, affecting their affinity scores. Chrysin exerted a specific cytotoxic effect against the PCa
tumoral cells but none against the non-tumoral cells. In contrast, Bicalutamide showed potent cytotoxicity against all cell lines. Thus, the cytotoxic
effect of chrysin against the DU-145 and PC3 cell line may be related to its strong and specific molecular interaction with the mutated ARs.

Conclusion:

This study evidences the potential antiandrogen effect of chrysin on mutated AR and specific cytotoxicity against PCa cells, suggesting that this
flavonoid should be further studied in vivo to confirm its potential for therapy of advanced PCa.
Sirt1 Regulates Phenotypic Transformation of Diabetic Cardiac Fibroblasts through Akt/Α-SMA Pathway
Authors: Li Xiaomei , Huang Shimeng , Gao Yuanbo , Wang Ying , Zhao Siyu , Lu Bing , Tao Aibin
Published: January 2025

Aims:

Cardiac fibrosis causes most pathological alterations of cardiomyopathy in diabetes and heart failure patients. The activation and transformation of
cardiac fibroblasts (CFs) are the main pathological mechanisms of cardiac fibrosis. It has been established that Sirtuin1 (Sirt1) plays a protective
role in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disorders. This study aimed to ascertain the Sirt1 effect on the phenotypic transformation of CFs in
diabetes and its possible mechanisms.

Methods:

Type 1 diabetes was induced in 6-week-old male mice by subcutaneously injecting 50 mg/kg streptozotocin (STZ, i.p.). Western blotting, collagen
staining, and echocardiography were performed to detect protein expression and assess cardiac fibrosis and function in vivo. We used high glucose
(HG) to culture CFs prior to protein expression measurement in vitro.

Results:

Upregulation of Sirt1 expression effectively alleviated the degree of cardiac fibrosis by improving cardiac function in diabetic mice. In vitro
experiments revealed that HG decreased the protein expression levels of Sirt1, but increased those of type I collagen and alpha-smooth muscle
actin (α-SMA), as well as the transdifferentiation of fibroblasts into myofibroblasts. Further studies confirmed that downregulation of Sirt1
expression in the HG environment reduced the protein kinase-B (Akt) phosphorylation, thereby promoting the transdifferentiation of CFs into
myofibroblasts coupled with the deterioration of cardiac function.

Conclusion:

Diabetes mellitus leads to downregulation of Sirt1 protein expression in CFs and decreased Akt phosphorylation, which promotes the
transdifferentiation of CFs into myofibroblasts, the pathological process of cardiac fibrosis, and mediates the incidence and development of
diabetic cardiomyopathy.
Cadena agroalimentaria de maíz tradicional en el Caribe colombiano
Authors: Santacruz Castro Adriana Marcela , Avendaño Avendaño Diego Fernando , Ramírez Infante Germán Rodrigo , Tapia Coronado José Jaime , Atencio Solano Liliana Margarita
Published: January 2025

En esta cartilla se ofrece un análisis detallado de la cadena agroalimentaria de maíz tradicional en el Caribe colombiano. Se exploran los principales eslabones de la cadena, que abarcan la producción primaria, la comercialización, la industria agroalimentaria, las dinámicas de agregación de valor y las limitaciones y oportunidades del sector. Cada eslabón se examina en detalle y se destacan sus características, recursos utilizados y prácticas involucradas. Asimismo, se contextualiza la cadena agroalimentaria a nivel nacional, subrayando la importancia del maíz para el consumo humano y animal, su papel en la industria agroalimentaria y su potencial como biocombustible. También se señala la alta dependencia de las importaciones para satisfacer la demanda interna, lo que abre una oportunidad para fortalecer los sistemas productivos nacionales. En esta publicación se muestran los desafíos que enfrenta la cadena de maíz en el Caribe colombiano, como la escasez de recursos, la infraestructura deficiente y las barreras comerciales. Al mismo tiempo, se identifican oportunidades para fomentar la cooperación entre los actores involucrados, promover la innovación en los productos derivados del maíz y mejorar la gestión del conocimiento, con el fin de potenciar la competitividad y sostenibilidad de la cadena.