bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Det latente sted. Fra topografisk punkt til nô-teatrets scenerum
Authors: Flindt Willie
Published: September 2021

In the Japanese landscape, the traveller finds innumerable markings which locate historical events and actions, mythological incidents, natural disasters, etc. These ghost-ridden places are loaded with latent, supematural forces, and are the subjects of prayers and rituals from living people. On stage, the no theatre establishes such concrete topographic points from Japan’s cultural landscape. A specific type of no play is the mugen no, ‘phantom no’. As an example, this article describes the dramatic, aesthetic and scenic form of the play Tamura by Zeami Motokiyo (1363-1443). The no stage is an open cube with no specific scenography other than a few simple objects. The stage cube is placed according to the four points of the compass, intersected by imaginary horisontal and vertical lines which represent present time/this world and past time/the other world respectively. These lines meet in the latent place from where the story originales and which is central to no dramaturgy. The actors create a traveller’s vision of landscapes and incidents of the past into the empty stage space. Gradually the imaginary landscape expands beyond the physical stage and is later confined to a single spot on the stage floor where the performance ends up.
David Abulafia: A mediterranean Emporium: The Catalan Kingdom of Majorca
Authors: Knudsen Anne
Published: September 2021

David Abulafia: A mediterranean Emporium: The Catalan Kingdom of Majorca

Anmeldes af Anne Knudsen
Gordon Brotherston: Book of the Fourth World: Reading the Native Americas Through their Literature
Authors: Michael Ib
Published: September 2021

Gordon Brotherston: Book of the Fourth World: Reading the Native Americas Through their Literature

Anmeldes af Ib Michael
Jens Tonboe: Rummets sociologi - Kritik af teoretiseringen af den materielle omverdens betydning i den sociologiske og kulturgeografiske tradition
Authors: Raahauge Kirsten Marie
Published: September 2021

Jens Tonboe: Rummets sociologi - Kritik af teoretiseringen af den materielle omverdens betydning i den sociologiske og kulturgeografiske tradition

Anmeldes af Kirsten Marie Raahauge
BRØDRE OG SØSTRE: Position og deltagelse på feltarbejdet
Authors: Whyte Michael A.
Published: September 2021

Michael A. Whyte: Brothers and Sisters -

Position and Participation in Fieldwork.

The author draws on fieldwork experience in

Marachi Sub-Location in Western Kenya in

order to explore some of the ways in which

participation can shape - and be shaped by - a

specific fieldwork. He takes the point of view

of a brother looking at a sister and, through

her, a relationship with another man. He traces

his own developing appreciation of the

complexity and the relativity of the exercise

and how this perception inspired new paths

of inquiry - which in tum led to other questions

and other methods. He develops the paper

in a series of vignettes - something about

Marachi and something about the experience

of a particular fieldwork in Marachi. In selecting

from hisown experience he stresses the

reflexivity inherent in fieldwork as process

by speaking from a number of different positions.

In an attempt to provide the reader with

some stability in this shifting universe he retums

periodically to an ethnographic position,

providing analytical context and a more

structured discussion of marriage, descent

and affmity. This discussion, shaped both by

the Africanist literature and the author’s experience

of positioned participation, draws

on other, more specific data-gathering exercises

which will also be identified as parts of

a process of understanding which inspires

and is inspired by positioned participation.

The point is to remind the reader that methodology

is not simply a procedure for knowing

but also a way of experiencing and a first step

towards tuming experience into science. Taking

a particular point of view has helped to

make a shift from funetion to experience, and

so to come to appreciate more direetly the

immediaey of being in Marachi in 1978-79.
ER DER NOGEN NYHEDER? Sladder som etnografisk metode
Authors: Kongsbak Tao
Published: September 2021

Tao Kongsbak: Is There Any News?

- Gossip as an Ethnographic Method

Ethnographers have always used gossip in

fieldwork. Malinowski was one of the first to

point to the central importance of gossip in

ethnographic data-collection. However, not

many ethnographers have showed how they

have actually and systematically used gossip

as a method. The purpose of the article is to

introduce gossip as an ethnographic method.

Gossip is thus treated as a communicative

genre, and some of the insights that can be

generated through gossip are described: the

social taste of the group, participants’ experience

of intimate relations, core values of

the group underlying the world view. This is

followed by examples that show how to get

involved in gossip. The article also

comments on the widely discussed crisis of

ethnographic authority and suggests that this

crisis should be overcome, not by taking refuge

in abstract theoretical concepts like „resonance"

and „prophecy" but practically: the

ethnographer must do more to involve himself

with the locals and be more observant

while he is involved. A systematic use of

gossip in the field is one solution.
Constance Classen, David Howes & Anthony Synnott: Aroma: The Cullural History of Smell
Authors: Katz Joel Leonard
Published: September 2021

Aroma: The Cullural History of Smell

Anmeldes af Joel Leonard Katz
Michael D. Fischer: Applications in Computingfor Social Anthropologists
Authors: Swanson Glenn
Published: September 2021

Anmeldes af Glenn Swanson.
MELLEM CHIC AGO OG OUJDA: To perspektiver på marokkansk social struktur
Authors: Schade-Poulsen Marc
Published: September 2021

Marc Schade-Poulsen: Between Chicago

and Oujda. Two Perspectives on

Moroccan Social Structure

This article deals with American anthropologists’

descriptions of Moroccan social

structure in the 1960s and 1970s: Eickelman,

Geertz, Rabinow, Rosen, and Crapanzano.

Thirty years later during a field trip to Oujda,

North Eastem Morocco, the author found

similar descriptions of Moroccan social

structure as expressed by young, male candidates

for migration to Europe. The article

describes the changes that have occurred in

Morocco during the last thirty years. It

compares the early American anthropological

point of view with the more recent

Moroccan one. It concludes that if the early

American “school” had been less inclined to

interpretive, symbolic approaches to

Moroccan society, and more eager to listen

to individual Morrocans’ hopes for their

future, it would not have been so easy to

describe Morocco as a "bargaining society”.

Rather, it would have included an analysis of

Moroccan power relations that are being

challenged by today’s globalisation.
Ghania Mouffok: Etre joumaliste en Algérie.
Authors: Schade-Poulsen Marc
Published: September 2021

Ghania Mouffok: Etre joumaliste en Algérie.

Anmeldes af Marc Schade-Poulsen
FORFATTERLISTE
Authors: Redaktionen TA
Published: September 2021

FORFATTERLISTE
Endovascular treatment of residual or recurrent intracranial aneurysms after surgical clipping
Authors: da Silva Júnior Nilton Rocha , Trivelato Felipe Padovani , Nakiri Guilherme Seizem , Rezende Marco Túlio Salles , de Castro-Afonso Luís Henrique , Abud Thiago Giansante , Vanzin José Ricardo , Manzato Luciano Bambini , Ulhôa Alexandre Cordeiro , Abud Daniel Giansante , Giannetti Alexandre Varella
Published: September 2021

Objective: Total aneurysm occlusion is crucial for the prevention of rebleeding of a ruptured aneurysm or to avoid rupture of an unruptured lesion. Both surgical and endovascular embolization fail to achieve complete aneurysm occlusion in all the cases. The objective of the study was to establish the safety and efficacy of endovascular treatment for previously clipped residual or recurrent aneurysms.Methods: This was an observational, retrospective study of patients harboring incompletely occluded intracranial aneurysms after clipping who underwent endovascular treatment. Patients were treated using 4 different techniques: (1) simple coiling, (2) balloon remodeling, (3) stent-assisted coiling, and (4) flow diversion. Analyses were performed to identify predictors of total aneurysm occlusion, recanalization and complications.Results: Between May 2010 and September 2018, 70 patients harboring incompletely occluded intracranial aneurysms after clipping met the inclusion criteria in 5 centers. The mean residual aneurysm size was 7.5 mm. Fifty-nine aneurysms were unruptured. Total aneurysm occlusion was achieved in 75.3% of the aneurysms after 1 year. All aneurysms treated with flow diversion revealed complete occlusion according to control angiography. Recanalization was observed in 14.5%. Permanent morbidity and mortality occurred in 2.9% and 1.4% of the patients, respectively.Conclusions: Endovascular treatment of recurrent or residual aneurysms after surgical clipping was safe and efficacious. Flow diversion seems to be associated with better anatomical results. A more rigid study, a larger group of patients, and longterm follow-up are required to provide stronger conclusions about the best approach for residual clipped aneurysms.
Crosstalk between the chloroplast protein import and SUMO systems revealed through genetic and molecular investigation in Arabidopsis
Authors: Watson Samuel James , Li Na , Ye Yiting , Wu Feijie , Ling Qihua , Jarvis R Paul
Published: September 2021

The chloroplast proteome contains thousands of different proteins that are encoded by the nuclear genome. These proteins are imported into the chloroplast via the action of the TOC translocase and associated downstream systems. Our recent work has revealed that the stability of the TOC complex is dynamically regulated by the ubiquitin-dependent chloroplast-associated protein degradation pathway. Here, we demonstrate that the TOC complex is also regulated by the small ubiquitin-like modifier (SUMO) system. Arabidopsis mutants representing almost the entire SUMO conjugation pathway can partially suppress the phenotype of ppi1, a pale-yellow mutant lacking the Toc33 protein. This suppression is linked to increased abundance of TOC proteins and improvements in chloroplast development. Moreover, data from molecular and biochemical experiments support a model in which the SUMO system directly regulates TOC protein stability. Thus, we have identified a regulatory link between the SUMO system and the chloroplast protein import machinery.
New Death Investigation System in Japan
Authors: Huh Gi Yeong
Published: September 2021

Since after World War II, the death investigation system in Japan has been a dual system; with or without medical examiners. In areas without medical examiners, death investigation focused on unnatural death suspiciously involved with crime and depended on external postmortem examination for noncriminal cases. As a result, the forensic autopsy rate has been low, and several cases of missed homicide have been discovered. The social impact of the missed homicide of a young sumo player has encouraged the reformation of the death investigation system in Japan. “The Act on the Investigating of Cause of Death and on Identification of Bodies Handled by the Police” and the “Basic Act on Promotion of Death Investigation” were launched in 2013 and 2020, respectively. For noncriminal cases, a new type of autopsy becomes available without the consent of the bereaved family. Moreover, the concept and purpose of death investigation are not only to detect crime involvement, but also to extend respect for life and maintain personal dignity. The responsibility of the central government on death investigation service is stressed, including the establishment of a headquarters in the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare. This review aims to understand the background and major changes of the reform of the death investigation system in Japan and discuss the issues affecting forensic pathologists.
Postmortem Findings in Two Cases of Chronic Methamphetamine Abuse
Authors: Park Sohyung , Choi Byung-Ha
Published: September 2021

We present two cases of death associated with chronic methamphetamine abuse. Several findings were observed in chronic methamphetamine abuse; pathologic changes in the heart and coronary artery, pulmonary embolism by foreign materials (drug materials), small scars on the subcutaneous vein on the arms with skin infection and sepsis, and so on. These complications can be fatal pathological findings that explain sudden death. The toxicological test results should be carefully interpreted; the presence of methamphetamine in the toxicological results should not automatically be interpreted as acute intoxication. A meticulous postmortem examination with review of the scene, circumstances and past history is crucial in identifying these findings and interpreting them appropriately.
Enfermedad de Erdheim-Chester: primer caso pediátrico reportado en Colombia
Authors: Salazar Luis Carlos , Moreno Luz Ángela , Jaramillo Lina Eugenia , Cabrera Edgar Vladimir
Published: September 2021

La enfermedad de Erdheim-Chester es una condición extremadamente rara en la edad pediátrica. Se presenta el caso de una niña de 12 años con diagnóstico histológico y radiológico de enfermedad de Erdheim-Chester multisistémica y mutación en el gen BRAF, que requirió tratamiento con dabrafenib.Hasta el momento, se han reportado 22 casos pediátricos en el mundo y este es el segundo en Latinoamérica. Se observó el hallazgo radiológico denominado signo oscuro paraselar, descrito hasta ahora en pacientes con hipofisitis autoinmunitaria para diferenciarlos de aquellos con adenomas hipofisarios.Este reporte contribuye a la literatura médica en dos aspectos fundamentales: las manifestaciones clínicas de la enfermedad y su diagnóstico en la población pediátrica.
Correlation between the number of false positive variants and the quality of results using Ion Torrent PGM™ sequencing to screen BRCA genes
Authors: Gouvêa Moreira Tiago César , Da Silva Spínola Pricila , Campos Rezende Micheline , Moreira de Freitas Carla Simone , Borges Mury Fábio , Rodrigues Bonvicino Cibele , De Andrade Agostinho Luciana
Published: September 2021

Introduction: Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) is cost-effective and a faster method to study genes, but its protocol is challenging.Objective: To analyze different adjustments to the protocol for screening the BRCA genes using Ion Torrent PGM sequencing and correlate the results with the number of false positive (FP) variants.Material and methods: We conducted a library preparation process and analyzed the number of FP InDels, the library concentration, the number of cycles in the targetamplification step, the purity of the nucleic acid, the input, and the number of samples/Ion 314 chips in association with the results obtained by NGS.Results: We carried out 51 reactions and nine adjustments of protocols and observed eight FP InDels in homopolymer regions. No FP Single-Nucleotide Polymorphism variant was observed; 67.5% of protocol variables were jointly associated with the quality of the results obtained (p<0.05). The number of FP InDels decreased when the quality of results increased.Conclusion: The Ion AmpliSeq BRCA1/BRCA2 Community Panel had a better performance using four samples per Ion-314 chip instead of eight and the optimum number of cycles in the amplification step, even when using high-quality DNA, was 23. We observed better results with the manual equalization process and not using the Ion Library Equalizer kit. These adjustments provided a higher coverage of the variants and fewer artifacts (6.7-fold). Laboratories must perform internal validation because FP InDel variants can vary according to the quality of results while the NGS assay should be validated with Sanger.
Caracterización clínica, sociodemográfica y determinación del impacto en la calidad de vida de pacientes con dermatitis atópica de la ciudad de Medellín y su área metropolitana
Authors: Cuervo Miguel Mateo , Sanclemente Gloria , Barrera Lina Marcela
Published: September 2021

Introducción. La dermatitis atópica es una enfermedad cutánea crónica e intermitente muy frecuente, con un impacto clínico evidente en la calidad de vida de los pacientes. No hay estudios locales que describan las características generales de esta condición en nuestra población.Objetivo. Evaluar las características sociodemográficas, clínicas y de calidad de vida en pacientes con dermatitis atópica residentes en Medellín y su área metropolitana.Materiales y métodos. Se hizo un estudio transversal descriptivo de pacientes que consultaron en algunos centros de referencia de la ciudad de Medellín, a quienes se les hizo una encuesta sobre variables sociodemográficas y clínicas. Además, se evaluó la seriedad clínica de la enfermedad y su impacto en la calidad de vida.Resultados. Se incluyeron 113 pacientes, de los cuales 36,3 % manifestó tener algún trastorno del sueño, 38,1 % reportó déficit de atención y 44,2 % informó haber sufrido asma en la infancia. Se registró un puntaje promedio de 6,9 en el índice EASI (Eczema Area and Severity Index) y de 32,4 en el SCORAD (Scoring Atopic Dermatitis), es decir, el compromiso clínico era de leve a moderado. Con el cuestionario Skindex-29, se encontraron promedios de 37,7, 25,09 y 16,9 para los dominios sintomático, emocional y funcional, respectivamente, con un promedio total de 24,78. En el cuestionario EuroQol 5 Dimensions (EQ-5D), el componente más importante fue la presencia de dolor o malestar (17,6 %) y de ansiedad o depresión (12,1 %).Conclusión. Los resultados obtenidos confirmaron que la población analizada con dermatitis atópica presentaba características similares a las reportadas en otras partes del mundo, con un impacto neuropsiquiátrico y emocional en aspectos como el sueño.
Intestinal apicomplexan parasitoses among a hospital-based population in Honduras, 2013-2019
Authors: García Jorge , Alger Jackeline , Soto Ramón Jeremías
Published: September 2021

Introduction: Intestinal apicomplexa protozoa are a recognized cause of gastroenteritis. They are endemic in Honduras and their epidemiology varies in different population groups.Objective: To identify risk factors for cyclosporiasis, cryptosporidiosis, and cystoisosporiasis.Materials and methods: We conducted a case-control study in a hospital-based population. We performed the diagnosis using the modified Ziehl-Neelsen staining technique and collected the information from laboratory records and clinical charts. Results: Cyclosporiasis was associated with diarrhea (OR=2.28; 95%CI: 1.10-4.89), weight loss (OR=12.7; 95%CI: 2.49-122.00), watery stools (OR=2.42; 95%CI: 1.26-4.65),and infection with another protozoan (OR=3.13; 95%CI: 1.66-5.95). Cryptosporidiosis was associated with HIV infection (OR=15.43; 95%CI: 3.34-71.22), diarrhea (OR=3.52; 95%CI: 1.40-9.40), lymphopenia (OR=6.16; 95%CI: 1.99-18.98), and green color stools (OR=3.00; 95%CI: 1.23-7.30). Cystoisosporiasis was associated with HIV infection (OR=11.20; 95%CI: 3.53-35.44), diarrhea (OR=7.30; 95%CI: 1.89-28.52), leukopenia (OR=4.28; 95%CI: 1.33-13.75), green color stools (OR=11.59; 95%CI: 1.16-558.60), and Charcot-Leyden crystals (OR=11.59; 95%CI: 1.16-558.60).Conclusions: In this hospital-based population from Honduras, HIV infection was a risk factor for cryptosporidiosis and cystoisosporiasis, but not for cyclosporiasis.
Regulación de los servicios de medicina nuclear: percepción de la problemática y desafíos para el manejo del cáncer en Colombia
Authors: Murcia Eliana Marcela , Lineros Johana Andrea , Aguilera Jairo , Granados Carlos Eduardo , Martínez María Cristina , Barbosa Nathaly
Published: September 2021

Introducción. La modificación de las normas sobre medicina nuclear en Colombia ha afectado la administración de la terapia de yodo radioactivo en el tratamiento del cáncer de tiroides.Objetivos. Determinar las áreas de acuerdo en torno al problema, los requisitos actuales y los nuevos exigidos en la normativa para el funcionamiento de los servicios de medicina nuclear.Materiales y métodos. Se hizo un estudio Delphi de dos rondas con cada grupo de expertos, ‘clínicos’ y ‘de entidades reguladoras’. En la primera ronda se exploraron los puntos de vista sobre las implicaciones de la normativa en medicina nuclear y, en la segunda, se calificaron las declaraciones de la primera según su relevancia.Resultados. La problemática de los servicios de medicina nuclear está relacionada con la claridad normativa, y la falta de sinergia y coherencia entre los organismos de inspección, vigilancia y control. Las exigencias del sistema de gestión de desechos requieren una alta inversión económica que puede influir en la oferta del servicio y repercutir en el control integral del cáncer de tiroides. Entre las necesidades presentes y futuras, se encuentran la unificación de criterios entre los auditores, la delimitación de funciones de los actuantes, la asistencia técnica para cumplir con la normativa, y la veeduría a los organismos de inspección, vigilancia y control por parte de los entes reguladores.Conclusión. Los hallazgos del estudio sugieren que los servicios de medicina nuclear atraviesan un momento de múltiples desafíos institucionales, normativos y económicos, que ponen en riesgo el desarrollo y mantenimiento de la medicina nuclear en la atención oncológica.
Evaluación de las características operativas de la versión 2.2018 del instrumento de evaluación del malestar emocional de la National Comprehensive Cancer Network en pacientes atendidos en el Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Bogotá
Authors: Muñoz Sofía Elizabeth , Sánchez Ricardo , Del Toro Ligia Elena
Published: September 2021

Introducción. Los pacientes con cáncer presentan niveles significativos de malestar emocional. La National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) desarrolló un instrumento (Distress Management) para evaluarlo de forma rápida en pacientes oncológicos. Para su utilización en Colombia, se hizo la adaptación transcultural y se validó.Objetivo. Determinar las características operativas del instrumento de malestar emocional, versión 2.2018, en pacientes atendidos en el Instituto Nacional de Cancerología.Materiales y métodos. Previa autorización de la NCCN, se procedió a la traducción, adaptación transcultural y evaluación de las características operativas del instrumento. Se incluyeron 343 pacientes con diagnóstico de cáncer atendidos en el Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, quienes diligenciaron el instrumento adaptado transculturalmente. Se efectuó un estudio de prueba diagnóstica como patrón de referencia mediante una entrevista semiestructurada.Resultados. Los pacientes tenían una edad promedio de 49,7 años (DE=15) y la mayoría (67 %) eran mujeres. El instrumento tuvo un área bajo la curva ROC de 0,81 (IC95% 0,77-0,86); el punto de corte óptimo fue de 3,5, el cual se aproximó a 4; la sensibilidad fue de 0,81 (IC95% 0,76-0,85) y la especificidad de 0,69 (IC95% 0,64-0,74). El porcentaje de acuerdo entre el resultado de la entrevista y el instrumento fue de 73 % (kappa=0,64; p<0,001).Conclusiones. El instrumento de malestar emocional permitió detectar el malestar emocional moderado a grave que requiere intervención y manejo. Este instrumento fueadaptado y validado en pacientes con cáncer en Colombia, conservándose el punto de corte en ≥4 como en la versión original.
Mobile augmented reality based indoor map for improving geo-visualization
Authors: Ma Wei , Zhang Shuai , Huang Jincai
Published: September 2021

Unlike traditional visualization methods, augmented reality (AR) inserts virtual objects and information directly into digital representations of the real world, which makes these objects and data more easily understood and interactive. The integration of AR and GIS is a promising way to display spatial information in context. However, most existing AR-GIS applications only provide local spatial information in a fixed location, which is exposed to a set of problems, limited legibility, information clutter and the incomplete spatial relationships. In addition, the indoor space structure is complex and GPS is unavailable, so that indoor AR systems are further impeded by the limited capacity of these systems to detect and display location and semantic information. To address this problem, the localization technique for tracking the camera positions was fused by Bluetooth low energy (BLE) and pedestrian dead reckoning (PDR). The multi-sensor fusion-based algorithm employs a particle filter. Based on the direction and position of the phone, the spatial information is automatically registered onto a live camera view. The proposed algorithm extracts and matches a bounding box of the indoor map to a real world scene. Finally, the indoor map and semantic information were rendered into the real world, based on the real-time computed spatial relationship between the indoor map and live camera view. Experimental results demonstrate that the average positioning error of our approach is 1.47 m, and 80% of proposed method error is within approximately 1.8 m. The positioning result can effectively support that AR and indoor map fusion technique links rich indoor spatial information to real world scenes. The method is not only suitable for traditional tasks related to indoor navigation, but it is also promising method for crowdsourcing data collection and indoor map reconstruction.
Evaluation of Satisfaction of Edentulous Patients Having Complete Denture by Patient Denture Assessment: An In-vivo Study
Authors: Goyal Pragati , Dhamande Mithilesh , Kambala Seema Sathe
Published: September 2021

A conventional complete denture is still a widely used prosthesis. Even after lots of advancement in the field of prosthodontics very little attention has been paid to the emotional status and satisfaction of the patient related to the fabrication of the prosthesis. In this study, all the patients with complete dentures in the department of prosthodontics in Sharad Pawar dental college, were asked to fill the questionnaire regarding the satisfaction of the patient related to the complete denture prosthesis delivered in our department and the result was evaluated by the response given by the patient.
Experimenting to play with hospitalized child: perception of nursing student / Experimentando o brincar junto a criança hospitalizada: percepção do acadêmico de enfermagem
Authors: Cipriano Esvana Quinelato , Laignier Mariana Rabello , Júnior Josemar Ferreira , Da Silva Liliane Faria , Bastos Depianti Jéssica Renata , Nunes Nascimento Luciana de Cássia
Published: September 2021

Objetivo: descrever a percepção dos acadêmicos de enfermagem em relação ao brincar junto a criança hospitalizada. Método: Estudo qualitativo, que ocorreu no período de abril a junho de 2016, por meio de atividades lúdicas, seguida de entrevista semiestruturada com 13 acadêmicos de enfermagem, sendo a entrevista transcrita e submetida à análise temática. Resultados: os acadêmicos identificaram o brincar como uma estratégia de cuidado à criança hospitalizada, devendo esta atividade se tornar rotina em ambiente hospitalar, pois promovem bem-estar e felicidade. Além disso, perceberam que, por meio da brincadeira, a criança cria um vínculo com o profissional, facilitando a assistência. Considerações finais: este estudo contribui para uma reflexão sobre o brincar para a criança hospitalizada, visando que esse conteúdo ultrapasse as fronteiras da sala de aula, favorecendo a sensibilização do aluno para sua utilização futura, quando enfermeiro.
Alcoholism and aging in health research: a bibliometric profile / Alcoolismo e envelhecimento nas pesquisas em saúde: um perfil bibliométrico
Authors: Moura Samilla Gonçalves de , Alves Karoline de Lima , Evangelista Carla Braz , De Abrantes Gesualdo Gonçalves , Moreira Maria Adelaide Silva Paredes , Silva Antonia Oliveira
Published: September 2021

Objetivo: avaliar as publicações científicas sobre o alcoolismo e o envelhecimento. Métodos: estudo bibliométrico, realizado por meio da análise de artigos disponíveis na base de dados da LILACS, EBSCOT e MEDLINE, no período de 2010-2016. Resultados: os achados demostram a crescente busca sobre a temática em diversos países, nos últimos anos, aperfeiçoando a importância da contribuição da mesma quando se pensa em saúde pública, bem como os pesquisadores atuam em diversas áreas de conhecimentos; o que possibilita descobertas que podem informar o desenvolvimento e a implementação de ações de prevenção e promoção da saúde, que refletem as necessidades de saúde mental do envelhecimento. Conclusão: é importante que os profissionais de saúde e a população idosa discutam sobre consumo de álcool como componente do manejo da doença crônica. Nos casos de consumo de álcool, os provedores têm a oportunidade de fornecer uma intervenção breve ou oferecer referências, se necessário.
Sexual intercourse among school adolescents: prevalence and association with sociodemographic and behavioral factors / Relação sexual entre adolescentes escolares: prevalência e associação com fatores sociodemográficos e comportamentais
Authors: Francisqueti Marquete Verônica , Garcia Tosta Vinicius , Ferraz Teston Elen , Mantelo Cecilio Hellen Pollyanna , Chatalov Ferreira Patrícia , Silva Marcon Sonia
Published: September 2021

Objetivo: identificar a prevalência de relação sexual em adolescentes escolares de uma capital no sul do Brasil e sua associação com fatores sociodemográficos e comportamentais.  Métodos: estudo transversal que utilizou dados da Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde do Escolar de 2015. A amostra foi composta por escolares matriculados no 9º ano do ensino fundamental de Curitiba (n= 1.770). Realizou-se estatística descritiva e inferencial. Resultados: a prevalência de relação sexual alguma vez foi de 22,9%, sendo mais frequente em adolescentes do sexo masculino, com 15 anos ou mais, de cor preta, sem acesso à internet e que recebeu orientações na escola sobre educação sexual, utilizavam drogas lícitas e ilícitas, e  se envolviam em brigas. Conclusão: a prevalência da relação sexual alguma vez nos adolescentes escolares foi elevada e está associada a fatores sociodemográficos, comportamentos de risco e convivência com situações de violência.
Occurrence of late postoperative knee and hip arthroplasty postoperative complications / Ocorrência de complicações no pós-operatório tardio de artroplastia de joelho e quadril
Authors: Sousa Alvaro Francisco Lopes , Oliveira Layze Braz de , Carvalho Herica Emilia Félix de , Ribeiro Ivonizete Pires , Fronteira Inês , Andrade Denise de
Published: September 2021

Objetivo: avaliar a prevalência de complicações no pós-operatório e sua associação com variáveis sociodemográficas e clínicas. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo descritivo, de seguimento prospectivo, realizado com 99 pacientes de um hospital de ensino. Os participantes foram selecionados por amostragem intencional (referencia) e seguidos por 30 dias após a alta do hospital. Realizou-se análises descritivas, univariadas e bivariadas Resultados: 32 (32,3%) pacientes desenvolveram ao menos uma complicação, sendo que 10 (10,1%) desenvolveram mais de uma complicação num seguimento de 30 dias. Dor (31; 31,3%) e Infecção (12; 12,1%) foram as complicações mais prevalentes. Identificou-se associação estatística entre o desfecho clinico dos pacientes submetidos a cirurgia de joelho e quadril e a presença de complicações no pós-operatório (p<0,001). Conclusão: A ocorrência de complicações no pós-operatório de artroplastia de joelho e quadril num seguimento de 30 dias foi elevada, com destaque para a dor e infecção local.
Editorial v. 4, n. 8, jul./dez., 2019
Authors: Rodrigues Claudia , Nascimento Mara Regina do
Published: September 2021

Editorial v. 4, n. 8, jul./dez., 2019
Design and implementation of a practical quality control program for dual‐energy CT
Authors: Green Crystal A. , Solomon Justin B. , Ruchala Kenneth J. , Samei Ehsan
Published: September 2021

A novel routine dual‐energy computed tomography (DECT) quality control (QC) program was developed to address the current deficiency of routine QC for this technology. The dual‐energy quality control (DEQC) program features (1) a practical phantom with clinically relevant materials and concentrations, (2) a clinically relevant acquisition, reconstruction, and postprocessing protocol, and (3) a fully automated analysis software to extract quantitative data for database storage and trend analysis. The phantom, designed for easy set up for standalone or adjacent imaging next to the ACR phantom, was made in collaboration with an industry partner and informed by clinical needs to have four iodine inserts (0.5, 1, 2, and 5 mg/ml) and one calcium insert (100 mg/ml) equally spaced in a cylindrical water‐equivalent background. The imaging protocol was based on a clinical DECT abdominal protocol capable of producing material specific concentration maps, virtual unenhanced images, and virtual monochromatic images. The QC automated analysis software uses open‐source technologies which integrates well with our current automated CT QC database. The QC program was tested on a GE 750 HD scanner and two Siemens SOMATOM FLASH scanners over a 3‐month period. The automated algorithm correctly identified the appropriate region of interest (ROI) locations and stores measured values in a database for monitoring and trend analysis. Slight variations in protocol settings were noted based on manufacturer. Overall, the project proved to provide a convenient and dependable clinical tool for routine oversight of DE CT imaging within the clinic.
Sphingomyelinase‐Mediated Multitimescale Clustering of Ganglioside GM1 in Heterogeneous Lipid Membranes
Authors: Lee Hyun‐Ro , Choi Siyoung Q.
Published: September 2021

Several signaling processes in the plasma membrane are intensified by ceramides that are formed by sphingomyelinase‐mediated hydrolysis of sphingomyelin. These ceramides trigger clustering of signaling‐related biomolecules, but how they concentrate such biomolecules remains unclear. Here, the spatiotemporal localization of ganglioside GM1, a glycolipid receptor involved in signaling, during sphingomyelinase‐mediated hydrolysis is described. Real‐time visualization of the dynamic remodeling of the heterogeneous lipid membrane that occurs due to sphingomyelinase action is used to examine GM1 clustering, and unexpectedly, it is found that it is more complex than previously thought. Specifically, lipid membranes generate two distinct types of condensed GM1: 1) rapidly formed but short‐lived GM1 clusters that are formed in ceramide‐rich domains nucleated from the liquid‐disordered phase; and 2) late‐onset yet long‐lasting, high‐density GM1 clusters that are formed in the liquid‐ordered phase. These findings suggest that multiple pathways exist in a plasma membrane to synergistically facilitate the rapid amplification and persistence of signals.
The youngest pair of siblings with Mucopolysaccharidosis type IVA to receive enzyme replacement therapy to date: A case report
Authors: Frigeni Marta , Rodriguez‐Buritica David F. , Saavedra Heather , Gunther Kathryn A. , Hillman Paul R. , Balaguru Duraisamy , Northrup Hope
Published: September 2021

Mucopolysaccharidosis type IVA (OMIM 253000) is an autosomal recessive disorder caused by defective activity of the N‐acetylgalactosamine 6‐sulfatase (GALNS) enzyme. In 2014, enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) using recombinant human GALNS became available for affected patients. There is a limited number of studies to date that have explored the effect of ERT in infancy and there is also a lack of data assessing the effect of ERT in systems other than the skeletal. Here, we report on the effect of ERT in the youngest pair of siblings treated to date: Patient A, currently 4 years old, who started treatment at the age of 5 months; and Patient B, currently 3 years old, who started treatment at 58 days of life. Moreover, we investigate the effect of early ERT on the cardiovascular system. Our results show that, even when ERT is started before 2 months of age, it cannot fully prevent disease progression. As for the effect of ERT on the cardiovascular system, our preliminary results suggest that early treatment might play a role in preserving a normal left ventricular mass index in affected patients at least up to 1 year, but further observation over time will be required. Overall, this report shows that early diagnosis remains crucial and that prompt initiation of ERT has limited effect in slowing progression of the skeletal phenotype, thus confirming the need for new therapeutic approaches that target the skeletal system in affected patients.
Nucleophilic Phosphine Catalysis: The Untold Story
Authors: Khong San , Venkatesh Telugu , Kwon Ohyun
Published: September 2021

This Minireview provides insight into the early history of nucleophilic phosphinocatalysis. The concepts of 1,4‐addition of a tertiary phosphine to an α,β‐enone and of equilibrium between the resulting phosphonium zwitterion and phosphonium ylide established a fundamental basis for the development of several classical transformations, including the Rauhut‐Currier, Morita, McClure‐Baizer‐Anderson, and Oda reactions.
Evaluation of tensile strength retention and service life prediction of hydrothermal aged balanced orthotropic carbon/glass and Kevlar/glass fabric reinforced polymer hybrid composites
Authors: Muralidharan Muniraju , Sathishkumar Thottyeapalayam Palanisamy , Rajini Nagarajan , Navaneethakrishnan Palanisamy , Arun Kumar Shanmugam , Ismail Sikiru Oluwarotimi , Senthilkumar Krishnasamy , Siengchin Suchart
Published: September 2021

Quest to reduce challenges of high structural weight and cost of metallic components is increasing. It has led to their replacement with carbon and Kevlar fibers reinforced polymer (FRP) composites. These aforementioned problems can be further solved through hybridization of carbon/glass (CG) and Kevlar/glass (KG) fibers to reduce the manufacturing cost and materials usage, not at detriment of their properties. Also, investigation into their tensile properties, diffusivity, and service life is germane. Therefore, the present study focuses on influence of hybridization of CG and KG fibers on seawater diffusivity, service life, and tensile strengths of their composite systems, through hydrothermal aging. The hybrid composites were aged in seawater for 50, 150, and 300 days at temperatures of 20, 40, and 60°C. From the results obtained, it was evident that the maximum moisture absorption of both FRP hybrid composites occurred at 60°C in 300 days of hydrothermal aging. The maximum tensile strengths were obtained in unaged composite counterparts. Also, the aged FRP hybrid composites exhibited the lowest tensile strengths at 150 days. The retention of maximum tensile strengths of CG and KG FRP hybrid composites showed 75% and 70% for 100 years at hydrothermal aging temperature of 40°C. Therefore, both FRP hybrid composite samples exhibited promising behaviors for various marine and outdoor applications.
Effect of interfacial properties of filled carbon black nanoparticles on the conductivity of nanocomposite
Authors: Shao Jiang , Liu Xue , Ji Mingbo
Published: September 2021

In this study, an optimized model is proposed for predicting the effective conductivity of nanocomposites, which contains conductive spherical fillers above the percolation threshold. The influence of filler properties, interphase regions, filler concentrations, elemental cell sizes as well as contact area on the effective conductivity of nanocomposites was investigated and discussed in detail. The developed model is verified by using the experimental data reported in the literatures, and it is found that the prediction results are fitted well with the experimental results at different particle concentrations. In addition, high levels of filler conductivity, particle concentration, and elemental cell size led to a good conductivity. The maximum conductivity of nanocomposite with σeff = 1,500,000 S/m, Vf = 0.07, r = 10−4 nm, and D = 1250 nm is obtained at Ri = 40 nm and d = 10 nm. Furthermore, the conductivity of nanocomposite is not sensitive to interphase thickness, when d is larger than 25 nm.
Phenol functionalized high‐density polyethylene as compatibilizer of high‐density polyethylene/graphene nanocomposites toward enhanced mechanical and interfacial adhesion
Authors: Zapata‐Domínguez Alejandra , Martínez‐Colunga Juan Guillermo , Sánchez‐Valdes Saul , da Silva Luciano , Hernandez‐Gamez Jose Francisco , Ramos‐deValle Luis Francisco , Rodriguez‐Gonzalez José Alberto , Espinoza‐Martinez Adriana Berenice , Rodriguez‐Fernandez Oliverio Santiago , Ramírez‐Vargas Eduardo
Published: September 2021

In this work, the methodology to obtain high‐density polyethylene (HDPE) and graphene (G) nanocomposites using phenol‐modified graphene and phenol‐modified HDPE as compatibilizer obtained from the reaction of malleated polyethylene (HDPE‐g‐MA) with phenol, is described. Six different methods were used to obtain these composites, resulting from the combination of melt and solution mixing with three different procedures to functionalize either graphene or HDPE‐g‐MA with phenol. Nanocomposites were characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), wide angle X‐ray diffraction (WAXD), dynamic mechanic analysis (DMA) and tensile properties. The FTIR results evidenced the occurrence of an esterification reaction between HDPE‐g‐MA and phenol groups serving as compatibilizer. The SEM and WAXD results showed that the addition of this compatibilizer agent had a positive effect on graphene dispersion, which promoted greater stiffness in these composite materials, presenting higher storage modulus. In addition, a noticeable enhancement in dimensional stability at high temperatures was observed according to Tan Delta measurements. These results indicated a good interfacial adhesion between graphene and the polymer matrix by using this compatibilizer agent. It was observed that the composites obtained by solution mixing method showed better performance and stronger interfacial adhesions than the composites produced by melt mixing methods. The use of this phenol modified HDPE compatibilizer offers a new option to enhance the final performance of HDPE/graphene composites with better mechanical and thermal properties to be used in materials for various applications, such as automotive industry, electrical and electronics, construction, aerospace, and other engineering applications.
Synthesis of phosphorus and silicon co‐doped graphitic carbon nitride and its combination with ammonium polyphosphate to enhance the flame retardancy of epoxy resin
Authors: Zhang Wenyi , Chen Zhongwei , Yu Yuan , Chen Tingting , Zhang Qingwu , Li Changxin , Chen Zhiquan , Gao Wei , Jiang Juncheng
Published: September 2021

Phosphorus and silicon co‐doped graphitic carbon nitride (PSiCN) was synthesized by inducing the polycondensation reaction of melamine, diammonium hydrogen phosphate, and silicic acid. The structure and thermal properties of PSiCN were characterized. With the incorporation of 2 wt% of PSiCN and 8 wt% of ammonium polyphosphate (APP), EP/2PSiCN‐8APP composite exhibited a limiting oxygen index value of 29.0% and passed a UL‐94V‐0 rating, which reached the refractory level. The thermogravimetric analysis confirmed that the addition of PSiCN and APP improved the thermal stability of the composites. The cone calorimetry test (CCT) revealed that the peak of heat release rate, total heat release, the peak of smoke production rate and total smoke production of EP/2PSiCN‐8APP composite was reduced by 71.1%, 53.5%, 65.4%, and 53.5%, respectively, compared with pure EP. Furthermore, the residues after CCT were evaluated by scanning electron microscopy, laser Raman spectroscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and the flame retardant mechanism of EP/2PSiCN‐8APP composite was proposed. Finally, the parallel arrangement of the aromatic ring and the surface of the PSiCN and the synergistic effect of the P/N/Si multi‐element resulted in EP/2PSiCN‐8APP with excellent mechanical properties.
Metal‐Free Chemoselective Oxidation of 4‐Methylquinolines into Quinoline‐4‐Carbaldehydes
Authors: Xu Jincheng , Li Yang , Ding Tianling , Guo Hao
Published: September 2021

A convenient protocol for the synthesis of quinoline‐4‐carbaldehydes via chemoselective oxidation of 4‐methylquinolines using hypervalent iodine(III) reagents as oxidant is described. This method highlights metal‐free and mild reaction conditions, nice yield, good functional group tolerance, and high chemoselectivity.
Biopsychological correlates of repetitive and restricted behaviors in autism spectrum disorders
Authors: Comparan‐Meza Miguel , Vargas de la Cruz Ivette , Jauregui‐Huerta Fernando , Gonzalez‐Castañeda Rocio E. , Gonzalez‐Perez Oscar , Galvez‐Contreras Alma Y.
Published: September 2021

Background

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is considered a neurodevelopmental condition that is characterized by alterations in social interaction and communication, as well as patterns of restrictive and repetitive behaviors (RRBs). RRBs are defined as broad behaviors that comprise stereotypies, insistence on sameness, and attachment to objects or routines. RRBs can be divided into lower‐level behaviors (motor, sensory, and object‐manipulation behaviors) and higher‐level behaviors (restrictive interests, insistence on sameness, and repetitive language). According to the DSM‐5, the grade of severity in ASD partially depends on the frequency of RRBs and their consequences for disrupting the life of patients, affecting their adaptive skills, and increasing the need for parental support.

Methods

We conducted a systematic review to examine the biopsychological correlates of the symptomatic domains of RRBs according to the type of RRBs (lower‐ or higher‐level). We searched for articles from the National Library of Medicine (PubMed) using the terms: autism spectrum disorders, ASD, and autism‐related to executive functions, inhibitory control, inflexibility, cognitive flexibility, hyper or hypo connectivity, and behavioral approaches. For describing the pathophysiological mechanism of ASD, we also included animal models and followed PRISMA guidelines.

Results

One hundred and thirty‐one articles were analyzed to explain the etiology, continuance, and clinical evolution of these behaviors observed in ASD patients throughout life.

Conclusions

Biopsychological correlates involved in the origin of RRBs include alterations in a) neurotransmission system, b) brain volume, c) inadequate levels of growth factors, d) hypo‐ or hyper‐neural connectivity, e) impairments in behavioral inhibition, cognitive flexibility, and monitoring and f) non‐stimulating environments. Understanding these lower‐ and higher‐level of RRBs can help professionals to improve or design novel therapeutic strategies.