bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Optimization of the location of piezoelectric actuator and sensor in active vibration control using Multi-Verse Optimizer algorithm
Authors: Wu Tao , Chen Zhaobo , Yan Hui , Qu Jianjun
Published: July 2022

In the process of using piezoelectric actuators and sensors to actively control the vibration of flexible structures, the controllability and spillover effect of the system are often the focus of attention, and the location of piezoelectric actuators and sensors is one of the key factors affecting controllability and spillover effect. In this paper, the residual modes are introduced into the location optimization criteria of actuators and sensors, so that the energy can drive as much as possible the eigenmodes that need to be controlled, and avoid driving the residual eigenmodes. At the same time, a modified Multi-Verse Optimizer (MVO) algorithm is used to optimize the location of piezoelectric actuators and sensors. The important results obtained in this paper are compared with the results obtained by the finite element simulation software to verify the accuracy of the relevant derivation results, and the optimization simulation of the position of piezoelectric actuator and the simulation of vibration control are carried out. The simulation results showed that, the MVO algorithm is very suitable for solving the optimization problems that these criteria are non-convex and difficult to derive, and the resulting optimized layout can effectively suppress vibration.
“Other Than NLRP3” Inflammasomes: Multiple Roles in Brain Disease
Authors: Chiarini Anna , Armato Ubaldo , Gui Li , Dal Prà Ilaria
Published: July 2022

Human neuroinflammatory and neurodegenerative diseases, whose prevalence keeps rising, are still unsolved pathobiological/therapeutical problems. Among others, recent etiology hypotheses stressed as their main driver a chronic neuroinflammation, which is mediated by innate immunity-related protein oligomers: the inflammasomes. A panoply of exogenous and/or endogenous harmful agents activates inflammasomes’ assembly, signaling, and IL-1β/IL-18 production and neural cells’ pyroptotic death. The underlying concept is that inflammasomes’ chronic activation advances neurodegeneration while their short-lasting operation restores tissue homeostasis. Hence, from a therapeutic standpoint, it is crucial to understand inflammasomes’ regulatory mechanisms. About this, a deluge of recent studies focused on the NLRP3 inflammasome with suggestions that its pharmacologic block would hinder neurodegeneration. Yet hitherto no evidence proves this view. Moreover, known inflammasomes are numerous, and the mechanisms regulating their expression and function may vary with the involved animal species and strains, as well as organs and cells, and the harmful factors triggered as a result. Therefore, while presently leaving out some little-studied inflammasomes, this review focuses on the “other than NLRP3” inflammasomes that participate in neuroinflammation’s complex mechanisms: NLRP1, NLRP2, NLRC4, and AIM2. Although human-specific data about them are relatively scant, we stress that only a holistic view including several human brain inflammasomes and other potential pathogenetic drivers will lead to successful therapies for neuroinflammatory and neurodegenerative diseases.
Implementing a COVID-19 Virtual Observation Unit in Emergency Medicine: Frontline Clinician and Staff Experiences
Authors: Jung Olivia S. , Graetz Ilana , Dorner Stephen C. , Hayden Emily M.
Published: July 2022

The COVID-19 pandemic pushed hospitals to deliver care outside of their four walls. To successfully scale virtual care delivery, it is important to understand how its implementation affects frontline workers, including their teamwork and patient-provider interactions. We conducted in-depth interviews of 17 clinicians and staff involved with the COVID-19 Virtual Observation Unit (CVOU) in the emergency department (ED) of an academic hospital. The program leveraged remote patient monitoring and mobile integrated health care. In the CVOU (vs. the ED), participants observed increases in interactions among clinicians and staff, patient participation in care delivery, attention to nonmedical factors, and involvement of coordinators and paramedics in patient care. These changes were associated with unintended, positive consequences for staff, namely, feeling heard, experience of meaningfulness, and positive attitudes toward virtual care. This study advances research on reconfiguration of roles following implementation of new practices using digital tools, virtual work interactions, and at-home care delivery.
Associations Between ADHD Symptoms and Maternal and Birth Outcomes: An Exploratory Analysis in a Multi-Country Cohort of Expectant Mothers
Authors: Murray Aja Louise , Taut Diana , Baban Adriana , Hemady Chad Lance , Walker Susan , Osafo Joseph , Sikander Siham , Tomlinson Mark , Toit Stefani Du , Marlow Marguerite , Ward Catherine L. , Fernando Asvini , Madrid Bernadette , Van Thang Vo , Tuyen Hoang Dinh , Dunne Michael , Hughes Claire , Fearon Pasco , Valdebenito Sara , Eisner Manuel
Published: July 2022

Objective:

ADHD symptoms can adversely impact functioning in a range of domains relevant for maternal well-being and fetal development; however, there has been almost no research examining their impact during pregnancy. We aimed to address this gap.

Method:

We used data ( n = 1,204) from a longitudinal birth cohort study spanning eight countries to address this gap.

Results:

ADHD symptoms in the third trimester of pregnancy were associated with lower social support from family ( b = −0.16, p = .031), friends ( b = −0.16, p = .024), and significant others ( b = −0.09, p = .001); higher stress ( b = 0.34, p < .001) and depressive symptoms ( b = 0.31, p < .001), and increased likelihood of an unwanted pregnancy ( b = 0.30, p = .009). Significant associations with tobacco use ( b = 0.36, p = .023) and premature birth ( b = 0.35, p = .007) did not survive correction for multiple comparisons and there were no significant associations with alcohol use, low birth weight, or unplanned pregnancy.

Conclusion:

Results suggest that women with ADHD symptoms could benefit from earlier, more regular screening for mental health difficulties and greater mental health support during pregnancy.
Low velocity impact behavior of sandwich composites with different structural configurations of foam core: An experimental study
Authors: Yalkın Hüseyin E , Karakuzu Ramazan , Alpyıldız Tuba
Published: July 2022

In this study, various structural configurations such plain core, two-core, epoxy columns in the core, core stitched, and facesheet stitched were designed in the foam core sandwich composite with the aim to increase the absorbed energy and to decrease core/facesheet debonding area due to low-velocity impact. Glass fiber/epoxy and PVC foam were used as a facesheet material and a core material, respectively. The impact energy values were selected considering to penetration and perforation cases. The core stitching effect on low velocity impact behavior of sandwich composites were compared to facesheet stitching and it has been determined that the core stitching process can be an alternative to the facesheet stitching process in terms of the absorbed energy value. Impacted sandwich composites are investigated for core/facesheet debonding; the modifications through the thickness increased the failure path for core/facesheet debonding initiation and the results show that a significant decrease in the core/facesheet debonding area has been achieved.
Acute angle-closure glaucoma concurrent with COVID 19 infection; case report
Authors: Özmen Sedat , Özkan Aksoy Nilgün , Çakır Burçin , Alagöz Gürsoy
Published: July 2022

Introduction

To report three cases that developed acute angle-closure glaucoma on the background of hyponatremia due to COVID 19 infection.

Methods

Data of patients with positive PCR result for COVID 19 infection and concurrent findings of acute angle-closure glaucoma were analysed retrospectively.

Results

The common characteristic of all cases was positive PCR test for COVID 19 infection taken from the nasopharyngeal swab 4 or 5 days ago. Their serum sodium levels were lower than 135 mmol / L. At the initial ophthalmic examination, all cases had diffuse corneal edema with shallow anterior chambers and mid-dilated non-reacting pupils.The choroid was evaluated as normal by ocular ultrasonography. Intraocular pressures (IOP) of the first, second, and third cases were 35 mmHg, 44 mmHg, and 40 mm Hg, respectively. 5–10 cc/kg mannitol was given to all patients intravenously within 30 min. Simultaneously, they began to use oral acetazolamide, topical pilocarpine, beta-blocker, and prednisolone acetate drops.After stabilization of IOP, Neodymium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet;(ND: YAG) Laser iridotomy was performed on all patients. No additional fluid therapy was given to the patients other than mannitol, and it was determined that the blood sodium level remained at normal levels after diuresis.

Discussion

Hyponatremia is the most common electrolyte disorder in COVID 19 infection. Hyponatremia may cause an angle-closure attack in patients with shallow anterior chamber angles.Therefore, one should be aware of the possibility of angle-closure glaucoma in patients who develop hyponatremia due to COVID 19 disease. Suspected patients should be referred to the ophthalmology department.
Reciprocating sliding wear behavior of the heat-treated WC-12Co coatings
Authors: Govande Akshay R. , Sunil B. Ratna , Dumpala Ravikumar
Published: July 2022

WC-Co coatings were produced on SS 410 plates and subjected to heat treatment at different temperatures (from 300 to 900 °C). The microstructural studies and structural analysis of the coatings before and after heat treatment were carried out by electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction analysis. From the Vickers indentation method, hardness values were measured, and higher microhardness was observed for the coatings after heat treatment. The sample that was heat-treated at 750 °C exhibited the highest hardness. From the sliding wear test results, the wear resistance of the coatings was observed as increased after the heat treatment. However, it was found that the heat-treated coatings at 600 °C exhibited higher wear resistance. Cracking and fracture were the dominant wear mechanisms observed for the heat-treated coatings, along with coating delamination and oxidation.
Dry sliding tribological behavior of ultrasonic stir cast AZ31-B4C composites
Authors: Titarmare Vikram P , Banerjee Sudip , Sahoo Prasanta
Published: July 2022

The current study deals with the tribological characterization of AZ31-B4C composites synthesized through ultrasonic vibration associated stir casting route. B4C particles with varying weight percentage (0.5–2.0 wt. %) are reinforced in magnesium alloy to produce the composites. Optical microscope (OM), scanning electron microscope (SEM) and energy dispersive x-ray analysis (EDX) are utilized to characterize AZ31 alloy and composites so fabricated. Characterization illustrates the presence of boron carbide (B4C) and its effect on the grain refinement of composites. Micro hardness of composites is measured through Vickers's micro hardness tester. AZ31-B4C composites exhibit better hardness compared to AZ31 magnesium alloy. Micro hardness of AZ31- 2B4C composite is increased by about 49% compared to AZ31 alloy. Dry sliding tribological behavior is investigated using a pin-on-disc tribo-tester. Wear behavior of AZ31 alloy and AZ31-B4C composites is investigated under applied load of 10–40N and sliding speed of 0.1 to 0.4 m/s. The composites show better wear and friction behavior. Wear resistance of AZ31-2B4C composite is improved around 30% compared to base alloy when tested at 0.2 m/s sliding speed and 40N load. SEM and EDX analysis of worn-out surfaces reveal the wear mechanisms based on different sliding parameters. The wear morphology of pin samples reveals the presence of abrasion, oxidation, adhesion and delamination mechanism either occurring individually or in mixed mode on the pin surface.
Exploring the selfie and distracted gaze of the tourist experience through the lens of online photo-sharing: Where to from here?
Authors: Lee Cindy , Richardson Scott , Goh Edmund , Presbury Rajka
Published: July 2022

The advancement of technology and social networking sites has popularised online photo-sharing, allowing tourists to seamlessly share travel encounters with those who are physically absent. At the same time, focus channelled to cameras and mobile screens limits immersion in the tourist experience and detracts from engagement with various destination elements. As the tourist attention becomes divided into physical and virtual spaces, implications on the on-site experience need to be considered. This has challenged existing definitions of the tourist experience through the selfie and distracted gaze coined in contemporary research. As such, this study aims to revisit existing definitions by exploring the experience sought by present-day tourists, with attention paid to their online photo-sharing endeavours. Given the exploratory nature of this study, a qualitative approach was utilised through 17 in-depth interviews conducted with tourists from eleven countries. The findings revealed new meanings to the notion of the present-day tourist experience. While leisure travel has traditionally been regarded as one’s detachment from the mundane environment, such detachment was found to exist only at a physical level. Subsequently, this study proposed the reconceptualisation of the tourist experience, incorporating values derived from both on-site and online interactions. The theoretical contribution to the body of knowledge is seen in the development of the dual realm tourist experience framework which extends past delineations of the tourist experience. This study also sheds light on the kind of services tourism providers could offer to cater to the needs of present-day tourists.
Student engagement with teacher oral feedback in EFL university classrooms
Authors: Wang Bo , Yu Shulin , Zheng Yao , Teo Timothy
Published: July 2022

While previous research has investigated teacher oral feedback practices and their influences on student learning, little research has examined how students interpret and engage with teacher feedback, which is critical to the feedback effectiveness and the success of learning and performance. According to Ellis, student engagement is clearly defined as the ways that students respond to the feedback, which can be cognitive, behavioral, and affective. Drawing upon students’ oral presentations together with teacher oral feedback, semi-structured interviews, stimulated recalls, reflective accounts, and PowerPoint (PPT) slides for the oral presentations, this case study investigates three undergraduates’ cognitive, behavioral, and affective engagement with teachers’ oral feedback provided on in-class oral presentations in an English as a foreign language context. The findings indicated that cognitively, the students occasionally ignored teacher feedback, but they were able to notice and understand most of the teacher feedback by using cognitive operations. Behaviorally, the students attempted to respond to teacher feedback by repairing linguistic errors, revising and editing their PPT slides, or improving their presentation delivery. Affectively, students displayed mostly positive attitudes toward teacher feedback and a wide range of discrete emotions were induced by the feedback, which were subject to students’ self-regulation. Further insights can be drawn from the findings into understanding how teachers of English as a foreign language (EFL) can help students harvest benefits when engaging with teacher oral feedback.
Measuring depth of academic vocabulary knowledge
Authors: Read John , Dang Thi Ngoc Yen
Published: July 2022

In second language (L2) vocabulary studies there is continuing interest in tests of depth of vocabulary knowledge, measuring various aspects of word knowledge other than just the form–meaning link that is the focus of breadth (or size) tests. This study aimed to explore new formats that could be used as diagnostic tools for assessing depth of academic vocabulary knowledge. The participants were 222 first-year students taking a programme of English for academic purposes (EAP) at a university in Vietnam. The depth measure was a newly developed test of a sample of words from Gardner and Davies’ Academic Vocabulary List, including sub-tests on receptive knowledge of synonyms, collocations and word parts. The participants also took the Updated Vocabulary Levels Test as a breadth measure, as well as a translation test. Results showed that most of the students had a relatively limited knowledge of general English vocabulary. There was a moderate correlation between the breadth and depth tests. The students had the best knowledge of synonyms, followed by word parts and then collocations. The collocation and word parts sub-tests included a Not Sure option to discourage blind guessing, and analyses of responses to this option offered useful insights into the students’ test-taking behaviour.
Seismic investigation of reinforced concrete columns with different transverse reinforcements
Authors: Lee Tai-Kuang , Chen Cheng-Cheng
Published: July 2022

In this study, cyclic lateral load tests of eight large diameter circular reinforced concrete column specimens are conducted to investigate the feasibility and effectiveness of both single-cross and double-cross lap-spliced crossties on confining reinforced concrete columns. The tests involve four series of specimens—R, S33, S17, and D33 with the same total confinement force of the circular ties and crossties. The confinement forces of the single-cross and double-cross lap-spliced crossties are respectively calculated by multiplying the cross-sectional area of one and two crossties with the nominal yield strength. Firstly, the results reveal a small, nonsignificant correlation between seismic performance and lateral force direction. Therefore, assigning a direction to single-cross or double-cross lap-spliced crossties is unnecessary. Additionally, circular ties outperformed single-cross and double-cross lap-spliced crossties in terms of the confinement effect when the total confinement force is identical. Thirdly, single-cross crossties demonstrate higher confinement effects than double-cross crossties do, and the calculated reduction in the crossties’ circular tie equivalent confinement force is correlated with the crossties’ configuration pattern and confinement force ratio. Finally, RC circular columns with single-cross and double-cross crossties below 33% of confinement force percentage exhibit acceptable seismic performance, values shown later. These findings merit further research and clarification.
Looking Ahead: ANZMAC’s Pivotal Role for Marketing Scholars Downunder
Authors: van Heerde Harald J.
Published: July 2022

ANZMAC, at its core, is an academy for and by marketing scholars in Australasia. This commentary reflects on its pivotal role in an increasingly fluid academic world where scholars move around and serve in different, overlapping organisations around the world. It also discusses how online technology enables novel value creation for members of the ANZMAC community and for PhD education.
Psychometric evaluation of a Swedish version of the Impaired Control Scale for individuals with alcohol use disorder
Authors: Ingesson Stina , Ahlen Johan , Jayaram-Lindström Nitya , Hammarberg Anders
Published: July 2022

Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the psychometric properties of a Swedish version of the Impaired Control Scale. Impaired control (IC) over alcohol consumption is a core symptom of alcohol use disorder and a predictor of treatment outcome, but measures of IC are not well utilised in clinical practice. Methods: The study comprised 250 individuals from a randomised controlled trial conducted at an adult outpatient addiction clinic in Sweden. The statistical analyses concern dimensionality, convergent and divergent validity, reliability, measurement invariance and sensitivity to change. Results: Regarding dimensionality, a principal component analysis of the standardised residuals from a Rasch model indicated some evidence of further dimensions underlying the responses in the Failed Control (FC) and Perceived Control (PC) parts. Two parallel items (12 and 22 respectively) seemed to drive potential multidimensionality. When these items were excluded, goodness of fit to one-dimensional models was improved. Tests of convergent and divergent validity showed that failed control had the strongest associations to impaired control and alcohol use disorder while the attempted control part was not associated with the construct of impaired control or alcohol use disorder. Conclusion: The present results show that the FC part is the most valid measure of the underlying construct of IC. In addition, FC had close to a large effect in regard to sensitivity to change. This suggests that the FC part has potential utility for use as an assessment and evaluation tool of treatment effect on impaired control of drinking.
Automotive parasitism: Examining Mobileye’s ‘car-agnostic’ platformisation
Authors: Hind Sam , Gekker Alex
Published: July 2022

The article examines a ‘trinity’ of interconnected components by Mobileye, a company moving into autonomous driving. However, Mobileye is neither an automotive manufacturer, nor a nominal ‘big tech’ company, but an established maker of ‘bolt-on’ advanced driver assist systems (ADAS), able to draw on over 65 million vehicles. Through these devices, Mobileye is undertaking a ‘platformisation’, transforming from an automotive supplier into a provider of autonomous vehicle (AV) platforms. We characterise this as a ‘car-agnostic’ approach to autonomous driving. Mobileye represents the advancement, and modulation, of a platform logic into a different type of hardware: the car. To understand the implications of this, we argue that Mobileye acts parasitically in three ways: by inserting itself between driver and vehicle, vehicle manufacturer and vehicle data, and specific vehicles and the emerging AV industry.
Avoidance of cognitive efforts as a risk factor in interaction
Authors: Mustajoki Arto , Baikulova Alla
Published: July 2022

In an ordinary interaction, communicants have various, mostly unconscious goals which reflect their interactional, social and personal needs. In these interactions, people’s minds try to find a balance between reaching these goals and consuming cognitive energy. If a speaker puts too little effort into speech production, she risks not achieving her communicative goals. This is especially typical when the atmosphere is relaxed, a good example of which is family discourse. An analysis of recorded conversations shows that there are certain regular manifestations of risk-taking in family discourse, such as expressing immature thoughts, raising a large variety of topics and overguessing. A substantial amount of risk-taking in family discourse is in one way or another connected with false confidence in the interlocutors’ common ground. Family members know each other well, which results in an overestimation of the similarity of their understanding of words and objects. This attitude leads them to use cryptic, hard-to-comprehend speech. Quick, everyday interactions are mostly automated, and the speakers do not recognise that their speech is full of implicitness and underdeterminacy.
A review of ecological impacts from recreational SCUBA diving: Current evidence and future practice
Authors: Sumanapala Daminda , Dimmock Kay , Wolf Isabelle D
Published: July 2022

Global demand for SCUBA diving activities in coastal areas continues to grow. Academic research has acknowledged that SCUBA diving can have ecological impacts. To understand the current state of knowledge this study applied the systematic quantitative literature review method (SQLR) to determine what evidence is available on ecological impacts from recreational SCUBA diving. In total 69 research articles about ecological impacts of SCUBA diving were analysed. This paper explored research trends, geographical distribution of research articles, nature of impact and management recommendations for future practice. The research found that SCUBA diving impacted through diver contact with coral reefs caused breakage, fragmentation and led to disease. 10 coral varieties were identified as impacted including some listed as (critically) endangered or vulnerable by the IUCN. Impacts can be minimized using non-regulatory and regulatory management strategies. We present a novel framework that connects diver characteristics with coral reef impacts and discuss how to apply this framework and guide future studies in this area of SCUBA diving research.
Combustion rate shaping for flex-fuel applications
Authors: Srivastava Vivek , Schaub Joschka , Pischinger Stefan
Published: July 2022

Compliance with future greenhouse gas (GHG) and pollutant emissions poses major challenges for the further development of advanced internal combustion engines for light and heavy-duty applications. To meet all standards, the use of synthetic fuels and/or E-Fuels is an important alternative due to their enormous potential in terms of energy density, sustainability and low pollution combustion. However, the increased fuel diversity associated with the use of these alternative fuels adds an additional layer of complexity to the powertrain development and calibration process, resulting in an increase in development time and cost. This necessitates the application of advanced model-based closed-loop control strategies to optimize the fuel- and air-path calibration to make best use of the properties of the different fuels. One potential solution to address the impact of flex-fuel variances on the combustion process is the Combustion Rate Shaping (CRS) concept presented in this paper. It can maintain a desired combustion trace irrespective of fuel variations, hardware drifts and other external factors, thus ensuring optimal combustion. The highest benefit of this control concept comes from its application directly on the engine control unit (ECU) in combination with an in-cylinder measurement. This enables the online real-time control of the combustion, regardless of which fuel is being used. In addition, this also enables optimization and adaption of the fuel- and air-path settings to the used fuel while driving the vehicle. However, so far, the high computational cost of this control concept limits its real-time capability. Therefore, the optimization of the control concept to achieve real-time capability is the focus of this paper. The optimized control strategy is implemented on a demonstrator engine test bench built using a Rapid Control Prototyping (RCP) system. The controller performance is demonstrated both under steady-state and transient operating conditions, and the potential of the concept is demonstrated in several cases such as engine temperature variations, injector drift, individual cylinder balancing, and fuel-variation.
Karma Yoga: Scale development and studies of the impact on positive psychological outcomes at the workplace
Authors: Navare Ajinkya , Pandey Ashish
Published: July 2022

Is achieving organizational performance and employee well-being a zero-sum game? Can cultural traditions provide an approach to realizing the spiritual aspects of ordinary vocations of life? We propose that the approach of Karm Yoga can answer these questions. This research presents the model of Karma Yoga derived from Vedantic tradition. We present three studies aimed at developing the construct and psychometric scale of Karma Yoga and examining its impact on workplace spirituality and positive psychological outcomes. Study 1 ( n = 459) is about the development of the construct and the scale of Karma Yoga and testing the reliability and validity of the same. Study 2 ( n = 337) is designed and carried out to examine the association of Karma Yoga on other widely studied indicators of workplace spirituality, i.e. mindfulness ( β = 0.44, p < .05) and self-transcendence. Further, in Study 3 ( n = 260), we investigate the hypothesis of a positive association of Karma Yoga with positive psychological outcomes like thriving, psychological capital, flourishing, and negative impact on job burnout. Empirical findings support these hypotheses. In this way, our research article presents the indigenous model of workplace spirituality by developing a theoretical framework and testing it empirically. Karma Yoga offers the ways and means to transcendence from an ego-centric approach of work to realizing the spirituality at work. This study also suggests that Karma Yoga reduces stress and leads to the path of well-being.
Professional engagement: A comprehensive understanding of social work intervention for juvenile offenders
Authors: Reyes-Quilodran Claudia , Muñoz-Chiguay Maida , Calderón Daniela , Romero Javiera
Published: July 2022

Juvenile offenders’ engagement in their social insertion process is increasingly considered essential for achieving the desired outcome of sanction programs and modifying juvenile criminal behavior. However, the professionals who work with juvenile offenders do not have defined concepts or an intervention tool. This study sought to introduce a strengths orientation to this area and investigated how the concept of engagement is defined by professionals and juvenile offenders. Twenty-four semistructured interviews were conducted with probation officials and prison professionals, and three focus groups were conducted with juvenile offenders serving sentences. The findings show that the concept of engagement differs among professionals. Nevertheless, the participants proposed common concepts of positive and negative engagement.
Bayesian network-based security decision-making method for the full-ocean-depth “Wukong” AUV
Authors: Wang Yujia , Wang Yu , Zhang Tianchi , Yao Feng
Published: July 2022

Safety is a critical issue to be considered for a full-ocean-depth AUV, which is a platform to submerge into the deepest part of the ocean. This paper investigates the security decision-making problem for a full-ocean-depth AUV. In order to make a reasonable decision when the AUV encounters a hazard case, such as the leakage of the electronic cabin, this paper presents a security decision-making method based on Bayesian network for the full-ocean-depth AUV to improve the safety. Specifically, the structure of the Bayesian network is determined based on the greedy search algorithm, and it also gives the parameters of each node in the Bayesian network. Finally, this method is applied on the full-ocean-depth AUV, named “Wukong” AUV, to demonstrate the effectiveness of the developed method.
Outcomes of the Gore Excluder Iliac Branch Endoprosthesis for Japanese Patients With Aortoiliac Aneurysms: A Study Based on J-Preserve Registry
Authors: Ogawa Yukihisa , Fujimura Naoki , Yamaguchi Masato , Banno Hiroshi , Furuyama Tadashi , Yamaoka Terutoshi , Sumi Makoto , Fukuda Tetsuya , Morikage Noriyasu , Sohgawa Etsuji , Onitsuka Seiji , Nishimaki Hiroshi , Ichihashi Shigeo
Published: July 2022

Purpose:

To evaluate the clinical utility of the Gore Excluder iliac branch endoprosthesis (IBE) for Japanese patients with aortoiliac aneurysms.

Materials and Methods:

This was a multicenter retrospective cohort study (J-Preserve Registry). Patients undergoing endovascular aortic repair using the Gore Excluder IBE for aortoiliac aneurysms between August 2017 and June 2020 were enrolled. Data pertaining to the baseline and anatomical characteristics, technical details, and clinical outcomes were collected from each institution. The primary endpoints were technical success, IBE-related complications, and reinterventions. Secondary endpoints were mortality, aneurysm size change, and reintervention during follow-up. Technical success was defined as accurate deployment of the IBE without type Ib, Ic, or III endoleaks on the IBE sides on completion angiography. A change in aneurysm size of 5 mm or more was taken to be a significant change.

Results:

We included 141 patients with 151 IBE implantations. Sixty-five IBE implantations (43.0%) had at least one instruction for use violation. Twenty-two patients (15.6%) required internal iliac artery (IIA) embolization for external iliac artery extension on the contralateral side. Of 151 IBE implantations, 19 exhibited IIA branch landing zones due to IIA aneurysms. Mean maximum and proximal common iliac artery (CIA) diameters were 32.9±9.9 mm and 20.5±6.9 mm, respectively. The mean CIA length was 59.1±17.1 mm. The IIA landing diameter and length were 9.0±2.3 mm and 33.8±14.6 mm. The overall technical success rate was 96.7%. There were no significant differences in IBE-related complications (2.3% vs 5.3%, p=0.86) or IBE-related reinterventions (1.5% vs 5.3%, p=0.33) between the IIA trunk and IIA branch landing groups. The mean follow-up period was 635±341 days. The all-cause mortality rate was 5.0%. There were no aneurysm-related deaths or ruptures during the follow-up. Most patients (95.7%) had sac stability or shrinkage.

Conclusion:

The Gore Excluder IBE was safe and effective for Japanese patients in the midterm. Extending the IIA device into the distal branches of the IIA was acceptable, which may permit extending indications for endovascular aortic aneurysm repair of aortoiliac aneurysms to more complex lesions.

Clinical Impact

This study suggests clinical benefits of the Gore Excluder IBE for Japanese patients, despite 43% of the IBE implantations having at least one IFU violation.
Institutional Polymorphism: Diversification of Content and Monetization Strategies on YouTube
Authors: Ørmen Jacob , Gregersen Andreas
Published: July 2022

Through guidelines, terms of service and algorithmic curation, digital platforms such as YouTube encourage creators to produce content that fits with the commercial goals of the platform. Scholars have argued that this pressure to conform might lead to uniformity, or isomorphism, in the ways organizations manage their presence on platforms. This article contributes to the debate on isomorphism by taking a bottom-up approach and ask to which extent creators on YouTube pursue similar, or different, strategies for uploading and monetizing content. Through quantitative and qualitative analyses of a sample of YouTube channels, we show how content creators adapt to, negotiate with, and defy institutional pressures. In the end, we find greater support for diversification, that is, polymorphism, than concentration in the ways organizations manage their presence on the platform. This has implications for how we understand platform power and integrate institutional theories in communication research.
Identifying KRT20 as a Potential Key Gene in Lymphatic Metastasis of Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Zhang Yi-Fan , Huang Qiang , Huang Hui-Ying , Ren Heng-Lei , Zhou Liang
Published: July 2022

Background: Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) was the seventh most common cancer worldwide in 2018. Lymphatic metastasis (LM) is closely related to HNSCC prognosis and recurrence. However, the underlying mechanism of LM remains unclear. Therefore, this study aimed to identify the key genes in the LM of HNSCC. Methods: We used The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between LM and non-LM cases. A random forest model, the Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes, Cytoscape, and cytoHubba were used to identify hub genes among DEGs, including KRT20 (Cytokeratins 20). We analyzed the survival of KRT20 in TCGA, and we overexpressed KRT20 in HNSCC cell lines to investigate its effects on migration and invasion. We also correlated the expression of KRT20 in HNSCC tissue microarrays with survival and clinicopathological features. Results: We identified 243 DEGs—143 upregulated genes and 100 downregulated genes. Further analysis revealed that KRT20 is a potential key gene associated with LM and overall survival rates among patients with HNSCC. Overexpression of KRT20 increased the migration and invasion ability of HNSCC cell lines Tu686 and FD-LSC-1. Tissue microarray studies demonstrated an overexpression of KRT20 among N1+ patients (including N1-N3 patients). Survival analysis results and the clinicopathological features of HNSCC tissue microarrays were consistent with our analysis of TCGA. Thus, a high KRT20 expression level might suggest an adverse HNSCC prognosis. Our gene set enrichment analysis showed that KRT20 participates in many metabolic pathways, including those related to tumorigenesis and cancer development. Conclusions: We propose that KRT20 may be a key gene in HNSCC with LM.
Celiac Trunk Mycotic Aneurysm: Diagnosis and Treatment of a Post-infective Endocarditis Complication
Authors: Gabrielli Daniela , Pagano Paolo , Boni Mariavirginia , Di Giosia Paolo , Procaccini Luca , Mincuzzi Erica , Marinucci Carlo , Rossi Brunella , D’ Emidio Fabio
Published: July 2022

Pseudoaneurysms could be the dynamic evolution of an infectious break in the arterial wall; in the post-antibiotic era they are uncommon complication following infective endocarditis (IE) and are associated with high rates of morbidity and mortality especially for patients in whom a prompt diagnosis and therapeutic strategy are not performed. In this report, we describe a case of pseudoaneurysm of the celiac trunk developed as a complication of IE. Endovascular treatment is our first-line approach.
Different Factors Are Associated With Sex Hormones and Leydig Cell Function in Israelis and Palestinians in Jerusalem
Authors: Vishnevsky Guy , Sinnreich Ronit , Nassar Hisham , Merom Dafna , Ish-Shalom Maya , Kark Jeremy D. , Levine Hagai
Published: July 2022

Total testosterone (TT) is known to influence health and virility in men. Among men from United States and Europe, numerous sociodemographic and lifestyle factors were reported to be associated with TT. However, associations with TT and Leydig cell function in the Middle East are poorly described. A cross-sectional, population-based sample had a structured interview, physical examinations, and blood tests in two hospitals in Jerusalem, Israel. A subsample (25- to 44-year-old men, n = 286: 124 Israelis, 162 Palestinians) had sex hormone measurements. The primary outcomes were TT and free testosterone/luteinizing hormone (FT/LH) ratio, representing Leydig cell function. Associations with sociodemographic and lifestyle factors, body mass index (BMI), and physical activity (PA) were evaluated using multivariable linear regression. Compared with Palestinians, Israelis had similar TT (4.81 vs. 5.09 ng/mL, p = .405) and higher FT/LH (31.2 vs. 25.8 ng/IU, p = .002). In ln-transformed values, marital status had a stronger association in Palestinians (P for interaction = 0.03). Age, BMI, and PA had a stronger association with TT in Israelis with significant interactions with ethnicity. BMI <25 and a higher PA quartile were associated with a higher TT ( p < .001). Among Israelis, age ( p = .007), married marital status ( p = .007), and BMI <25 were significantly associated with FT/LH. No associations of any factors were identified among Palestinians. Associations with several modifiable factors identified in Western samples were replicated in Israelis and to a lesser degree in Palestinians. Different relationships of several factors with TT and FT/LH could result from ethnically diverse genetic, sociodemographic, and behavioral characteristics that warrant further research.
High-leverage teacher evaluation practices for instructional improvement
Authors: Hunter Seth B
Published: July 2022

This study's purpose is to extend our understanding of school leadership for student learning by identifying high-leverage teacher evaluation practices that improve teaching. A partnership with a state education agency administered a teacher questionnaire regarding evaluation practices multiple times in one semester, then linked teacher responses to their next within-semester observation score. Broadly, teachers reported on scoring practices, the facilitation of post-observation conferences, feedback characteristics, and post-conference supports for evaluation-informed professional learning. Fixed effect regressions effectively compare observation scores and teacher-reported evaluation practices within the same teacher or teacher-by-evaluator pairing over four months while controlling for month-to-month influences on performance. The methods remove several serious confounders plausibly affecting related estimates in prior work. The analysis identifies six high-leverage teacher-reported evaluation practices, most of which apply to post-conference practices linking evaluation to professional learning. The evidence refines the academic understanding of leadership for student learning and implies that leadership preparation and in-service programs might emphasize the six high-leverage evaluation practices to promote active use among practicing leaders. Policymakers might ensure that aspiring and in-service leaders can develop these practices and that there are strong links between teacher evaluation and professional learning systems for school leaders to use.
What Is Digital Parenting? A Systematic Review of Past Measurement and Blueprint for the Future
Authors: Modecki Kathryn L. , Goldberg Rachel E. , Wisniewski Pamela , Orben Amy
Published: July 2022

Concerns about parenting adolescents are not new, but the rapid diffusion of digital technologies has heightened anxieties over digital parenting. Findings are decidedly mixed regarding the impact of digital technologies on adolescent well-being, and parents are left to navigate their concerns without an empirically based road map. A missing link for understanding the state of the science is a clear characterization of how digital parenting is measured, including an evaluation of which areas demand an outsized share of scientific attention and which have been overlooked. To address this gap, we undertook two interdisciplinary systematic reviews of the digital-parenting literature and characterized measurement across (a) quantitative surveys ( n = 145 studies) and (b) qualitative focus groups, interviews, codesign studies, and user studies ( n = 49). We describe previously popular areas of survey measurement that are of decreasing relevance to parenting of digital spaces (e.g., co-use, hovering). We likewise highlight areas that have been overlooked, including consideration of positive uses of digital technologies, acknowledgment of bidirectional influence, and attention to heterogeneity among families and to extraparental social ecologies of support and monitoring. We provide recommendations for the future of digital-parenting research and propose a more comprehensive approach to measuring how modern adolescents are parented.
Modeling athletic career of football players: Implications for career management and retirement
Authors: Monteiro Ricardo , Monteiro Diogo , Torregrossa Miquel , Travassos Bruno
Published: July 2022

This study aimed to identify Career Indicators (CIs) over the stages of career development (Initiation/Development, Mastery, and Discontinuation stages) in the retirement stage of Portuguese football players. Three thousand five hundred retired Portuguese football players that played between 1960 and 2018 were considered in this study. A path analysis was performed to identify the standardized direct and indirect effects of the CI at each stage of career development, on Portuguese football players’ retirement age. The proposed model highlighted that the relationship between the CI number of seasons as a youth player, number of seasons as a youth player in top 3 clubs, age of first registration as a senior player, number of seasons as a senior player, number of seasons as a senior player in top 3 clubs, number of total games as a senior player, age of the last best result age achieved, number of games in the retirement season, and discontinuation stage length contribute to explain 40% of the retirement age of Portuguese football players. Results allowed the understanding of the influence of each stage of career development on career length. According to the Holistic Athletic Career Model, it was the first attempt to create a predictive model of CI of athletic variables. Further research should be developed to incorporate some mediator variables such as players’ performance levels and achievement to improve the explanation of the development of football players’ careers and retirement.
Learning effects of triple continuous jumping snatch intervention on the second pull of the snatch for novice lifters
Authors: Wang Shin-Yuan , Lan Pei-Tzu , Hsu Tai-Ger
Published: July 2022

This study aimed to compare the effects of triple continuous jumping snatch (TCJS) intervention training on the technique and performance of novice lifters. Males ( n = 22; age = 19.7 ± 0.9 years; height = 173.7 ± 6.1 cm; body mass = 76.3 ± 11.8 kg) who had no training experience in weightlifting were randomly assigned to a control (CG; n = 11) or an experimental (EG; n = 11) group, and trained three times a week for 8 weeks. The CG was trained in the snatch, and EG intervened with TCJS. In the initial state, t-tests and Hedges’ effect sizes revealed significant and very large-to-nearly perfect differences ( p < 0.001, g = 6.39) for barbell velocity while the barbell made contact with the body and the maximal barbell acceleration after contact ( p < 0.001, g = 3.79) between CG and EG. Moreover, differences in the angle between the barbell and the shoulder prior to the turnover phase exhibited significant and moderate decreases in weeks 2, 6, and 8 (all p < 0.05, g = 0.63–0.98) by performing the snatch with the TCJS intervention. The TCJS not only impacts barbell velocity and acceleration immediately, but also reduces horizontal movement between the barbell and body. The results of this study demonstrated that the TCJS constitutes a superior training method for novice lifters to enhance the stability of techniques when compared with snatch.
Effects of free-play or introducing artificial rules on tactical behavior based on soccer-team lines: A pilot study
Authors: Gonzalez-Artetxe Asier , Los Arcos Asier , Folgado Hugo , Rico-González Markel , Pino-Ortega José
Published: July 2022

Team-lines structures are particular subsystems determined strategically by the formation chosen by the team coach, and despite its relevance, no study has analyzed training effects on tactical behavior based on team lines. This study aimed to assess the effects of modified games playing freely and introducing artificial rules on tactical behavior based on team lines during the team-possession game phase in two youth-soccer categories. Two Spanish under-14s (U-14s: n = 16) and under-16s (U-16s: n = 16) teams took part in the study. Each team was divided into two groups, free-play and conditioned, that faced each other during three 7-min eight-on-eight games in four training sessions. The free-play group played freely without restrictions, while the conditioned group played constrained by artificial rules (i.e. a minimum number of touches, no return pass allowed, forward pass after a back pass) that modified the cooperative motor interactions between teammates. Tactical behavior was assessed by the three geometrical primitives’ representations (i.e. node: change in the centroid position (CCP), line: interpersonal distance between teammates (dyads), and area: surface area (SA)) and their time series approximate entropy (ApEn) normalized measures in subgroups based on team lines (goalkeeper – defenders, defenders – midfielders, and midfielders – forward) before and after the training intervention in an eight-on-eight game using a local positioning system (LPS). The results suggest that the short-term training intervention affected considerably (i.e. Cohen’s d≥ moderate) U-14s team lines’ behavior, especially those who played freely. On the other hand, U-16s’ tactical behavior based on team lines barely changed (i.e. Cohen’s d≤ small). It seems that playing freely for several training sessions could strengthen the tactical behavior of each line, enhancing team lines’ regularity in youth-soccer categories.