bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Estimación del tiempo de vida útil de pan de molde con incorporación de Harina de Quinua (Chenopodium quinoa Willd) y suero, usando la distribución de Weibull
Authors: Elías P. Carlos , Salas V. Walter , De Mendiburu D Felipe , De la Cruz Q. Wiler
Published: April 2024

En el presente trabajo de investigación, se utilizó la distribución de Weibull para determinar el tiempo de vida en anaquel del pan de molde cuya harina de trigo fue sustituida parcialmente con harina de quínua pre-cocida y suero de leche, encontrándose una vida en anaquel media igual a 11.7 días. El método Gacula y Kubala (1975) aplicado para la Distribución de Weibull arrojó un parámetro de escala (α) igual a 12.256 y un parámetro de forma (β) de 10.870, así como un coeficiente de determinación (R2) de 0.854. Para una significancia de 95% se calculó el intervalo de confianza para la inferencia del valor medio dando como resultado 11.68 ≤ 11.70 ≥ 11.72; es decir, se tiene un 95% de probabilidad de que el tiempo de vida útil se encuentre entre 11.68 y 11.72. La bondad de ajuste fue evaluada por el test de Kolmogorog-Smirnof cuyos resultados fueron negativos, pero el método de Anderson-Darling determinó que la distribución se ajustó mejor a la de Weibull respecto a las distribuciones Lognormal, Exponencial y Normal.
Structural Basis of HIV-1 gp41 N-trimer for Designing Bifunctional Peptide-based Fusion Inhibitors
Authors: Wang Jinlin , Li Peiying , Li Ruijuan , Liang Guodong , Ma Yuheng , Na Heiya
Published: April 2024

Background:

Pathogenic viruses that cause large-scale global or regional outbreaks
almost always contain class I fusion proteins. Although the viruses differ in morphology,
they all require fusion protein-mediated virus-host cell membranes during the
early stages of host cell invasion.

Method:

The CHR region and NHR region of fusion proteins can form the 6-HB structure
to drive the fusion pore formation between viruses and host cells through metastable
interactions. Here, we obtained bifunctional N-peptides with inhibitory activities
against two viruses, HIV-1 and MERS-CoV, based on the sequences in the HIV-1
NHR region by constructing N-trimer conformation interacting with the CHR region.

objective:

Peptide-based fusion inhibitors are mainly categorized into C-peptide fusion inhibitors and N-peptide fusion inhibitors. C-peptide fusion inhibitors are generally extracted from the CHR region or modified based on CHR sequences to exhibit antiviral activity by targeting the N-trimer to block the endogenous 6-HB formation. The approved drug Enfuvirtide (also known as T20) is a C-peptide fusion inhibitor derived from the CHR natural sequence. The N-peptide fusion inhibitors design is not limited to the modification of the NHR region sequences, but requires the ability to construct N-trimer mimics that match CHR targets to inhibit primitive 6-HB in viral membrane fusion. Therefore, compared with C-peptide, N-peptide shows the “new conformation, new target, new mechanism”, which not only can solve the C-peptide drug resistance, but also provides the possibility to construct novel peptide inhibitors against various viruses.

Result:

This study demonstrates that N-peptides with the coiled triple helix structure obtained
from the NHR region in 6-HB are able to target the CHR region and exhibit inhibitory
activity against a variety of viruses.

Conclusion:

Moreover, this strategy can be used to investigate antivirals against unknown
viruses for future outbreaks.
Elucidation of the Molecular Mechanism of Compound Danshen Dripping Pills
against Angina Pectoris based on Network Pharmacology and Molecular
Docking
Authors: Tian Xiaocui , Yin Shiqi , Liu Zhiguang , Cao Jinglin , Liu Xinyu , Qiu Qi
Published: April 2024

Background:

Compound Danshen dripping pills (CDDP), a traditional Chinese medicine, has had
an extensive application in the treatment of angina pectoris (AP) in China. However, research on the bioactive
ingredients and underlying mechanisms of CDDP in AP remains unclear.

Objective:

In the present study, we explored the major chemical components and potential molecular mechanisms
linked to the anti-angina effects of CDDP through the application of network pharmacology and molecular
docking.

Methods:

The potential targets of active ingredients in CDDP were sourced from the Traditional Chinese
Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database (TCMSP) and the Swiss Target Prediction Database (STPD). Additionally,
targets related to angina pectoris (AP) were retrieved from various databases, including Gene Cards,
DisGeNET, Dis Genet, the Drug Bank database (DBD), and the Therapeutic Target Database (TDD). Protein-
protein interaction networks were also established, and core targets were identified based on their topological
significance. GO enrichment analysis and KEGG pathway analysis were conducted using the R software.
Interactions between active ingredients and potential targets selected through the above process were investigated
through molecular docking.

Results:

Seventy-six active ingredients were selected with the following criteria: OB ≥ 30%, DL ≥ 0.18. 383
targets of CDDP and 1488 targets on AP were gathered, respectively. Afterwards, 194 common targets of CDDP
and anti-AP targets were defined, of which 12 were core targets. GO enrichment analysis indicated that
CDDP acted on AP by response to lipopolysaccharide, regulating the reactive oxygen species and metal ion
metabolism, and epithelial cell proliferation. In addition, KEGG enrichment analysis indicated that the signaling
pathways were notably enriched in lipid and atherosclerosis, fluid shear stress and atherosclerosis, IL-17
signaling pathway, EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor resistance, PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, and TNF signaling
pathway. Moreover, the molecular docking manifested excellent binding capacity between the active ingredients
and targets on AP.

Conclusion:

This study comprehensively illustrated the bioactive, potential targets, and molecular mechanisms
of CDDP against AP, offering fresh perspectives into the molecular mechanisms of CDDP in preventing
and treating AP.
Association of Parity with the Risks of Gestational Diabetes and Macrosomia:
A Retrospective Cohort Study in Nanjing, China
Authors: Geng Shijie , Wang Junya , Geng Zhi , Wen Juan
Published: April 2024

Background:

After implementing the two-child policy, more Chinese women who had a previous
delivery had their second child. Nevertheless, the impacts of parity on Gestational Diabetes (GDM) and macrosomia
have not been fully confirmed. Therefore, we aimed to analyse the characteristics of pregnancy by parity
and evaluate the association of parity with risks of GDM/macrosomia in a Chinese population.

Methods:

A total of 193,410 pregnant women (including 148,293 primiparae and 45,117 multiparae) with
complete information were included. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to examine
the association between parity and risks of GDM/macrosomia.

Results:

With the gradual implementation of the two-child policy, the proportion of multiparae increased rapidly
and then decreased slightly. Multiparae were more likely to be older and have higher intrapartum BMI, as
compared to primiparae (P < 0.001). Univariate regression analyses suggested that parity could increase the
risks of GDM and macrosomia; while after adjustment, the association between parity and GDM risk disappeared,
and the effects of parity on macrosomia risk and birth weight of babies were also weakened. Further,
stratified analysis showed that parity only increased the risk of GDM in women over 30 years, and the effects
of parity on macrosomia risk and birth weight were more pronounced among women over 30 years compared
to women under 30 years.

Conclusion:

Parity was not associated with GDM risk, but mildly associated with macrosomia risk. Particular
attention should be paid to multiparae with advanced age to reduce the risks of GDM and macrosomia.
Network Pharmacology and Experimental Verification of Si Shen Decoction Regulating FABP4/PPARγ/NFκB Pathway in the Treatment of
Collagen-induced Arthritis
Authors: Guan Rui , Yao Jiashu , Qi Qing , Yu Jing , Liu Ruoshi , Gao Mingli
Published: April 2024

Aim:

This study aimed to investigate the mechanism of Si Shen Decoction (SSD) in
rats with Collagen-Induced Arthritis (CIA).

Background:

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a complex immune disease characterized by bilateral
symmetrical multi-joint pain and swelling. SSD has shown good results in treating RA in clinical
applications, but its mechanism of action remains unclear.

Objective:

To investigate the mechanism of SSD in rats with Collagen-Induced Arthritis (CIA).

Methods:

Bioinformatics and network pharmacology analyses were used to predict the possible
treatment targets and signaling pathways. Elisa, Western blotting, and quantitative real-time polymerase
chain reaction were used to verify the mechanism of SSD in the treatment of RA.

Results:

FABP4, MMP9, and PTGS2 were the most common predicted therapeutic targets. SSD
treatment significantly reduced synovitis, ankle swelling and bone erosion in CIA rats. The SSD
group also significantly reduced the serum secretion of CRP, TNFα, and IL1β, decreased mRNA
levels of FABP4, IKKα, and p65 in the synovial membrane, but increased PPARγ. Western blot
showed that SSD treatment could significantly reduce the expression of FABP4, IKKα, and
phosphorylated p65 (p-p65) proteins in the synovium. SSD was found to inhibit the
FABP4/PPARγ/NFκB signaling pathway and reduce the inflammatory response in CIA rats. The
therapeutic effect of SSD was significant with the increase of dose.

Conclusion:

SSD can relieve joint symptoms in CIA rats and alleviate inflammation by inhibiting
the FABP4/PPARγ/NFκB signaling pathway. The effect of high-dose SSD was more prominent.
Conservation of Medicinal Plant Bramhi- Bacopa monnieri(L.) Wettstein Through in vitro Cultures
Authors: Chadipiralla Kiranmai , Krishna Jaswanth Boddupalli , Bhaskar Reddy Pichili Vijaya
Published: April 2024

Bacopa monnieri (L.) Wettstein is a medicinal herb from the family
Plantaginaceae widely known as ‘water hyssop’ or ‘brahmi’. The therapeutic potential
of plants is due to the presence of many bioactive secondary metabolites, majorly
brahmine, herpestine, alkaloids, and saponins (bacosides), which are responsible for
pharmacological effects including neuroprotective, hepatoprotective, gastroprotective,
antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial properties. Vegetative cultivation of
Bacopa on a large scale has its limitations due to the lack of viability of seeds during
propagation and the unpredictable nature of the production of phytochemicals for
commercial purposes, which can be overcome by tissue culture mechanism. Over the
past few decades, many studies on the tissue culture of Bacopa in establishing a
standardized protocol were reported. This chapter deals with de novo organogenesis of
the root and shoot along with the callus induction and somatic embryogenesis from
different explants of B. monnieri on MS basal nutrient medium supplemented with
Plant Growth Regulators.
Horticultural Farmer's Perceptions and Adaptations to Climate Change in East Java, Indonesia
Authors: Atasa Dita , Widayanti Sri , Laily Dona Wahyuning , Toiba Hery
Published: April 2024

The agricultural sector highly vulnerable to the risks and impacts of global climate change. Horticultural farmers in East Java have experienced climate change, which is marked by a decrease in the level of productivity produced in recent years. This study aims to determine how farmers' perceptions of climate change and adaptation strategies are carried out. Data were collected through direct survey to horticultural farmers in Malang and Kediri Regencies, East Java. Data analysis was carried out descriptively, by describing the data that had been collected regarding the perception and adaptation of farmers. The results of the study shows that farmers have a high perception of climate change. Farmers' strategies in dealing with climate change include the adaptation by changing cropping patterns, changing plant varieties, changing plant types, changing fertilizer inputs, doing irrigation, and increasing knowledge and skills about agriculture.
A literary study of the 『Namcheonilrok』: Focusing on the independent stories in the diary
Authors:   Korean Language & Literature, Kim Se-ra
Published: April 2024

Shim No-sung's Namcheonilrok , the subject of this study, is a vast amount of diary literature written every day for five years from the day of his exile as Gijang. However, beyond the general categories that the diary genre can handle, multiple historical, geographical, philosophical, and literary materials are intertwined vertically and horizontally. This study analyzed the stories that independently existed in the diary (i.e., stories within stories) as literary works created by Shim No-sung, and revealed the characteristics and identity of the stories. The stories that Simnosung witnessed, heard, processed, and completed in Gijang were similar to classical literary genres such as folk tales, virtuous women's tales, fairy tales, and fairy tales. Since what he heard and recorded from the listener's perspective was processed and completed using literary techniques, it can be considered a work that reflects his author's intention. The birth of this kind of narrative literature was due to his exile life, where he found comfort in listening to stories, and his writerly temperament to process and complete them in a literary way. Sim No-sung produced portraits, or character stories, of people who had a direct or indirect influence on his life in exile. Some characters are mentioned several times, and when the references are collected and combined, a single character story is completed, which is the case in Heungsam's portrait painting. The portrait of Heungsam that the reader drew at the first meeting is reversed into a completely opposite portrait at the last meeting. The ability to consistently and persistently record a person in such detail comes from the writer's temperament to explore humanity. Parakho Kim Saeng's character story is a story that strangely combines the scene where the story is made and the nature of the fun of storytelling. Delicious food is prepared with care and enjoyed, while at the same time listening to Kim Saeng's story about his difficult life. The story was made even more vivid by the real-time nature of the gathering, where the people gathered at the event also joined in, asked questions, joked, and had fun. This shares its characteristics with well-processed folk tales.
The Fear Politics and Gender Regimes Embedded in Disaster Narrative: Focusing on Jung Yoo-jung's “28” and Choi Jin-young's “To the Warm Horizon”
Authors:   Korean Language & Literature, Han Ah-reum
Published: April 2024

By analyzing the politics of fear in the narrative of disasters kind of infectious diseases and the gender regime that is practiced within social constructs, we can critically explore the everyday discrimination inherent in communities and the sense of place where members are separated. Furthermore, in order to create a healthy society that recognizes the value and diversity of human beings, violent discriminatory behavior within gendered organizations must be examined from a gender perspective. In this study, focusing on Jung Yoo-jung's novel “28” and Choi Jin-young's “To the Warm Horizon”, we will examine the narrative aspect of discourse on the risk of life as a threat of gender in order to have power in a disaster situation. It aims to raise a problematic awareness of the political act of creating fear by instrumentalizing the risk of infection and segregating the sex differences written on the body by dividing them into classes. In the two novels, after the spread of the epidemic, gendered women are confined to a defined sphere and marginalized in a limited role in the public sphere. However, the author attempts to deconstruct the power structure within the community that sexually exploits women's bodies by depicting the future of humanity through a system of domination and obedience. The novel point out the contradictions of the heterosexual patriarchal system by ideally portraying the restoration of relationships formed on empathy and love by rejecting masculinity in which the female body is disciplined. In the end, the novel emphasizes that the logic of power or the predominance of power in the private/public sphere is not the orientation of a positive community that sustains life. Emphasizing that the communal value, which is closer to hope than the disciplinary power that oppresses others, is the sentiment of caring to respect each other and live together as it is, the author embodies the gender regime as a social practice in the novel.
Proposed Methods for Enhancing College Students’ Reflective Writing Through the Use of Metaphors
Authors:   Korean Language & Literature, Park Ji-hak
Published: April 2024

This study underscores the significance of reflective writing as a means to cultivate humanistic thought. It acknowledges the critical role of reflective writing while also recognizing the challenges that have traditionally hindered its practical application, proposing the use of metaphors as a viable solution. The paper posits that in reflective writing, metaphors are viewed as instrumental in enabling an individual to explore their identity. They do this by juxtaposing the concept of ‘I’ against the similarities or dissimilarities with other entities, thereby facilitating a deeper understanding of one’s own existence. The first step involved acquainting oneself with metaphors through a process of listing and connecting them. This approach paved the way for uncovering the potential of reflective writing in offering new viewpoints and future prospects about one’s self. Furthermore, it was observed that the practice of distilling reflective writings into poetry could catalyze an internal epiphany, facilitating a deeper connection and reconciliation with the world.
Perspectivas de los docentes y del alumnado universitario sobre los factores que influyen durante el aprendizaje del inglés como lengua extranjera
Authors: Martín-Espinosa Inmaculada , Gil-Galván Rosario
Published: April 2024

El dominio del inglés es esencial para lograr una carrera académica y profesional exitosa, lo que motiva al alumnado universitario a perfeccionar sus competencias al respecto. Sin embargo, algunos estudiantes únicamente buscan cumplir con los requisitos exigidos por las instituciones educativas sin desarrollar habilidades lingüísticas sólidas. Ante esta situación, el presente estudio, bajo un método mixto secuencial explicativo con una primera fase cuantitativa y otra segunda cualitativa, tiene como objetivo analizar los factores que influyen en el aprendizaje del inglés como lengua extranjera durante la etapa universitaria. Para lograrlo, se ha realizado una triangulación de datos entre las respuestas proporcionadas por el alumnado, recopiladas mediante un cuestionario, y la perspectiva docente, obtenida a través de entrevistas semiestructuradas. Los resultados muestran que la titulación, el tiempo y la motivación son factores clave en el perfil estudiantil. Asimismo, se torna un momento idóneo para aumentar las exigencias en las enseñanzas de lenguas extranjeras, aunque es necesario prestar especial atención a las Titulaciones de Grado que presentan un perfil bajo. Finalmente, si se pretende mejorar la calidad del aprendizaje, resulta imprescindible emplear las TIC fuera del aula junto con metodologías activas que optimicen el tiempo disponible.
The Effect Combination of Liquid Organic Fertilizer and Inorganic Fertilizer on Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) var. Granola G2
Authors: Tyasmoro Setyono Yudo , Pratama Gede Nosa Bayu , Saitama Akbar , Armandoni Eggy Akhmad , Wicaksono Karuniawan Puji , Setiawan Adi , Sudiarso Sudiarso
Published: April 2024

The potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) is a crucial food source highly demanded in Indonesian society. The national potato crop productivity in 2018 was approximately 1,284,773 tons. Enhancing potato availability necessitates increasing productivity by expanding cultivation areas and employing improved cultivation techniques. However, excessive use of inorganic fertilizers may adversely affect soil fertility and quality. Therefore, it is imperative to enhance soil fertility by augmenting organic matter content using organic fertilizers, such as liquid organic fertilizers derived from processed sugar cane residue. Consequently, this study aimed to ascertain the optimal dosage of liquid organic fertilizer for enhancing the growth and yield of potato plants. The research was conducted from June to October 2022 in Nongkojajar Village, Tutur District, Pasuruan Regency. Various tools were utilized, including hand tractors, nameplates, bamboo pegs, gembor, tape measures, a 150 L drum, a stirrer drill, 5 L and 250 mL measuring cups, waring, and a camera. Potato seeds of the granola variety, liquid organic fertilizer, inorganic fertilizers (Urea, SP-36, and KCL), as well as soil and water samples, constituted the materials for the research. The experimental research method was employed, utilizing an environmental randomized block design (RBD) with seven treatments repeated four times. Parameters observed encompassed plant height, number of leaves, leaf area, dry weight, plant growth rate, soil chemical analysis, nutrient absorption, and harvest analysis. The results revealed that the treatment of liquid organic fertilizer at a 100% dose and the combined treatment of liquid organic fertilizer at doses of 50%, 100%, 150%, and 200% + 80% inorganic fertilizer exhibited superior productivity in potato plants compared to the control treatment without fertilizer. Additionally, these treatments demonstrated comparable potato plant productivity to that achieved with the 100% standard dose of inorganic fertilizer.
Unlocking Geographical Insights: Exploring the Application of Modern Tools and Techniques in Geographic Studies
Authors: Lal Dr. Bhanwar
Published: April 2024

Abstract: This research paper explores the transformative impact of modern tools and techniques on geographical studies. Focusing on innovations such as Geographic Information Systems (GIS), remote sensing, and spatial analysis, the paper investigates how these technologies have revolutionized the field of geography. The paper examines the diverse applications of modern tools in addressing key geographical challenges, including land use planning, environmental monitoring, and disaster management. Furthermore, it explores the integration of emerging technologies such as artificial intelligence, machine learning, and augmented reality, and their potential to further enhance geographical research and analysis. By highlighting the benefits, limitations, and future directions of modern tools and techniques in geographical studies, this paper contributes to a deeper understanding of their role in advancing knowledge and informing decision-making in a rapidly changing world.
Design and Fabrication of an Acetylene Fuel Vehicle
Authors: Balaji D.
Published: April 2024

Abstract: The transition towards sustainable transportation necessitates exploring alternative fuels with reduced environmental impacts. Acetylene has emerged as a promising candidate due to its clean combustion characteristics and high energy density. This abstract outline the design and fabrication process of an acetylene fuel vehicle, focusing on its feasibility and performance. The design phase involves meticulous material selection to ensure compatibility with acetylene's properties while prioritizing safety measures. Key components such as the fuel storage system, combustion chamber, and propulsion system are engineered to maximize energy conversion efficiency and minimize emissions. Safety protocols for acetylene handling and storage are integrated into the design to mitigate risks associated with its high reactivity. Fabrication incorporates advanced manufacturing techniques like additive manufacturing and precision machining to create a robust vehicle prototype. The integration of selected components is optimized to enhance structural integrity and overall performance. Rigorous testing procedures are conducted to validate the vehicle's functionality, including performance metrics, emissions analysis, and safety evaluations. The outcomes of this study provide valuable insights into the feasibility of acetylene as a sustainable transportation fuel. The design and fabrication processes contribute to ongoing research efforts aimed at reducing the carbon footprint of the transportation sector. The results also offer a pathway for future developments in alternative fuel technologies, driving towards a more environmentally friendly and energy-efficient transportation ecosystem.
Intelligent Microcontroller-Based Doorbell Communication
Authors: A Dr. Veerababu.
Published: April 2024

Abstract: Microelectronics, wireless, and network technologies are all advancing quickly along with science and technology. At the same time, people's standards of living are continuously rising, and their expectations for the comfort and safety of their living environments are also rising. The design of intelligent voice message doorbells has grown popular because people in smart residential buildings are in more urgent need of a new kind of wireless doorbell product that can integrate the advantages of dependability, security, convenience, and so on. The Arduino microcontroller, ESP32 camera module, key circuit, voice recording and playback circuit, and power circuit make up the design. Via the recording module, outsiders can record voices and leave messages.
J.A.R.V.I.S: A Personal Assistant Robot
Authors: Borhade Aradhya
Published: April 2024

Abstract: Personal assistant robots are becoming increasingly popular as versatile devices that can assist individuals in various aspects of daily life. These robots are designed to be small and portable, with user-friendly interaction features that allow them to navigate tight spaces and interact closely with users. Equipped with sensors, cameras, and AI algorithms, personal assistant robots can perceive and respond to their environment, recognize faces and voices, and perform tasks such as setting reminders, providing information, and controlling smart home devices. They offer a range of benefits in different settings, including smart homes, healthcare facilities, and public spaces, where they can serve as personal assistants, health monitors, and information guides. The ability of personal assistant robots to learn and adapt to users' preferences and behaviors over time enables them to provide personalized and intuitive assistance, making them suitable for individuals of all ages. As advancements in their design and capabilities continue, personal assistant robots are expected to have an even greater impact on enhancing daily life in the future
Abdominal Injuries Detection
Authors: Rudra Vijetha
Published: April 2024

Abstract: Abdominal trauma refers to physical injuries or damage to the abdominal region, which includes the area between the casket and pelvis. This can involve colorful structures within the tummy, similar as the organs (e.g., liver, spleen, bowel, kidney, and extravasation). Traumatic injury affects individualities across all age groups and stands as one of the primary causes of mortality encyclopedically. The World Health Organization reports that nearly 5 million individualities succumb to traumatic injuries annually. The main ideal of an abdominal injuries’ discovery design is to ameliorate the early and accurate identification of abdominal injuries performing from trauma. This design generally involves the development and perpetration of colorful tools, ways, and protocols to achieve the objects like perfecting the delicacy of CT for detecting abdominal trauma and prognosticate the probability of specific traumatic injuries to abdominal organs. Diagnosing abdominal trauma clinically through physical examination, patient symptoms, or laboratory tests can frequently be grueling. thus, timely opinion using medical imaging plays a pivotal part in patient care. Our design will identify whether the case is suffering from abdominal trauma or not and help the cases by informing when immediate surgery is needed. Abdominal trauma discovery generally involves analysis of CT images to prognosticate the probability of specific traumatic injuries to abdominal organs, similar as the bowel, extravasation (generally refers to bleeding from blood vessel), liver.
ADVANCEMENTS IN STRUCTURAL HEALTH MONITORING: A REVIEW OF MACHINE LEARNING APPROACHES FOR DAMAGE DETECTION AND ASSESSMENT
Authors: Numan Muhammad
Published: April 2024

Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) is a crucial discipline geared towards detecting damage in engineering structures early, aiming to prevent failures and facilitate condition-based maintenance. Traditional SHM methodologies, relying on visual inspections, analytical models, and signal processing, exhibit inherent limitations. The advent of machine learning has introduced data-driven solutions to automate various aspects of SHM, including damage detection, localization, classification, and prognosis.

This paper provides a comprehensive review of recent studies exploring supervised, unsupervised, and deep learning techniques in vibration-based, image-based, and multi-sensor SHM. Support vector machines, neural networks, deep convolutional neural networks, and other advanced algorithms have demonstrated exceptional performance in assessing damage using real-world structural datasets.

Despite these successes, practical challenges persist, particularly in addressing variability and deploying machine learning models effectively on full-scale structures. Overcoming these challenges necessitates a more integrated, cross-disciplinary approach, merging mechanical engineering fundamentals with machine learning expertise. This synergy can pave the way for robust field implementation and further enhance the reliability of SHM systems.

The transformative potential of machine learning in SHM cannot be understated. Beyond merely shifting from time-based maintenance to condition-based strategies, machine learning can automate and continuously evaluate structural integrity, ensuring the longevity of engineering structures. As we delve deeper into the intersection of mechanical engineering and machine learning, the prospect of a future where SHM seamlessly integrates with advanced technologies becomes increasingly tangible.
MIXED SCHEME OF THE FINITE ELEMENT METHOD FOR CALCULATING CABLE SYSTEMS
Authors: Baenkhaev Aleksandr
Published: April 2024

A methodology for constructing variational formulations and solving geometrically nonlinear mixed problems by the finite element method is considered using the example of equilibrium of a flexible tensile thread. The results of solving the model problem are presented.
POLYMER COMPOSITES FOR EXTERNAL REINFORCEMENT OF BUILDING STRUCTURES
Authors: Shmoilov Evgeniy , Fedotov Mikhail , Sharutin Igor , Ilyukhin Roman , Stepanov Stanislav , Panina Natalia , Gurenchuk Lidiya , Kapyrin Pavel , Kabantsev Oleg , Kornev Oleg
Published: April 2024

Key aspects of developing effective systems for the external reinforcement of building structures, made of composite polymer materials containing carbon fibers and no-bake polymer binders, ensuring shape formation in the temperature range of 15 - 40 °С no more than 24 hours, characterized by operability in the temperature range from minus 45 ° C to plus 60 ° C.. PCM-based SVA has a number of advantages compared to clips and metal profiles traditionally used for repairing building structures: the load-bearing capacity of the rods increases, the cost of the strengthening of load-bearing structures is reduced, and the seismic resistance of engineering structures is increased. In relation to composite SVA building structures, the following types of construction chemicals are used: primer, putty, adhesive, protective coating. The production of unidirectional tapes was carried out on a Dornier double rapier loom, modernized for processing carbon fibers. The results of experimental studies of the developed polymer binders and carbon reinforcing fillers are presented. It is shown that the developed materials can be successfully used to strengthen and repair engineering structures. The technological features of strengthening and repairing building structures with composite external reinforcement systems using the contact molding method and ready-made lamellas are described. Installation of composite clamps on vertical surfaces is carried out by fixing the canvas in the extreme position, followed by laying, smoothing and rolling along its length. Rolling is done from the middle to the edges. Before gluing the blanks, the lamellas are laid out on a work table (workbench) and thoroughly wiped with a rag moistened with acetone.  Results of the large-scale implementation of these new materials and technologies in the construction industry are presented.
METHOD OF EQUAL RATE SURFACES IN STRUCTURAL AERODYNAMICS
Authors: Akhmetov Vadim , Shkadov Viktor
Published: April 2024

Проблема сжигания природного топлива в настоящее время является крайне важной экологической задачей. Дымовой газ, выбрасываемый в атмосферу, негативно влияет на окружающую среду. Последствия этого могут быть самыми разнообразными, от выпадения осадков, содержащих кислотные соединения, до повышения уровня легочных заболеваемостей населения. Решением проблемы сжигания топлива при выработке энергии в тепловых электростанциях может служить конструкция, называемая комбинированным высотным сооружением. Она объединяет в себе две составляющие: градирню и, непосредственно, дымовую трубу. Исследование характера течения газов в таком сооружении является чрезвычайно важной задачей, так как от процесса смешения дыма с дополнительно подаваемым воздухом в трубу зависит концентрация выброса вредных веществ в атмосферу. Данная статья посвящена численному изучению газодинамики в рассматриваемых сооружениях. Представлено обобщение метода поверхностей равных расходов для описания внутренней аэродинамики сооружения. В основе математической модели используется вязкий сжимаемый газ. Течение описывается системой уравнений Навье-Стокса, записанной в параболизованной форме, дополненной алгебраической моделью турбулентности. Численное решение проводится методом конечных разностей. Рассмотрены различные варианты геометрии конструкции и начальных условий. Отмечено благоприятное воздействие начальной закрутки потока на интенсивность смешения дымовых газов и уменьшение концентрации вредных веществ на выходе из трубы. На основе проведенных исследований разработаны рекомендации для проектирования и профилирования возводимых сооружений.
OPTIMIZATION OF DESIGN OF THE FISH-SPAWNING PASS OF THE BAGAEVSKY HYDROELECTRIC COMPLEX USING NUMERICAL 2D MODELING
Authors: Belikov Vitaly , Borisova Natalya
Published: April 2024

Numerical hydrodynamic modeling of the flow of water and sediment through the fish-spawning pass of the Bagaevsky hydroelectric complex on the river Don is considered. The calculations use two-dimensional shallow water and sediment transport equations by the STREAM 2D CUDA software complex. Recommendations are made to change the longitudinal profile of the bottom and the configuration of the inlet section, as well as to increase the coefficient of roughness of the bottom and sides of the channel to ensure fish protection requirements.
Social Policy and SCR Tools for Managing the Sustainable Development of Enterprises in the Corporate Sector
Authors: Volkov Vadim V. , Belokonev Sergei Yu.
Published: April 2024

The research focuses on analyzing and reviewing of corporate social responsibility and social policy. The authors studied the works of domestic and foreign authors who were engaged in the analysis of these problems. The authors identified the factors that influence social policy, such as: political, demographic, medical, social, and others and categorized the typical descriptions of social policy research in the public and private sector. Special attention is paid to the authors’ interpretation of the concept of social and political involvement of the corporation. The authors determined the basic principles of development and implementation of social policy in accordance
Digital Attaches in the System of Ensuring Economic Security of the Russian Federation: Using Digital Platforms and Ecosystems as an Example
Authors: Nuriev Bulat D.
Published: April 2024

The study deals with the issue of forming a strategy for the activities of digital attaches, which are currently being gradually formed at some diplomatic missions of Russia. It is emphasized that the economic security of the country in the context of digital transformations will largely be determined by a competent and balanced policy to protect the interests of Russian business abroad. The object of our research can be identified as the activities of digital attaches aimed at supporting Russian IT companies. At the same time, emphasis is placed on the fact that a number of wellknown Russian IT companies are forming their own digital platforms. The subject of the study is the mechanism of interaction between digital attaches and domestic developers and owners of digital platforms. It is assumed that smoothed work in this direction will contribute to the achievement of the tasks assigned to digital attaches. The author focuses on the fact that in the process of building work with digital platforms, it is necessary to take into account such important factors as the specifics of the economic life of the country where the digital attaches are based, as well as national legal norms regulating business. The author analyzes domestic and foreign scientific literature on the regulation of digital platforms, while emphasizing that the legal mechanism regulating the cooperation of digital attaches and IT companies has not yet received its clear regulatory outline. The study focuses on the fact that the effective activity of digital attaches is an important factor in ensuring the economic security of the country.
National Priorities of Russia in a Changing World
Authors: Blokhin Konstantin V.
Published: April 2024

The study examines the immediate and long-term consequences of the Ukrainian crisis and the Special Military Operation for the emerging architecture of international relations. The author summed up the military-political results of the Special Military Operation and focused on the prospects for resolving the Ukrainian crisis. The focus of Russia’s long-term strategy, according to the author, is the formation of new partnerships, moving away from the pragmatic foreign policy paradigm, and filling the concept of “multipolarity” with real rather than declarative content.
Exploring the Zone of Possible Agreement on the Nuclear Issue of the Korean Peninsula
Authors: Kalinin Roman R. , Yuan Yue , Bedenko Veronika M.
Published: April 2024

From 2003 to 2009, China, Japan, North Korea, Russia, South Korea, and the United States engaged in a series of multilateral negotiations to address North Korea’s nuclear program. On September 19, 2005, the six participants achieved a “gold standard” agreement on denuclearization. North Korea agreed to relinquish all nuclear weapons, abstain from deploying nuclear weapons, and rejoin the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons (NPT), as well as adhere to International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) safeguards. The United States affirmed its lack of nuclear weapons on the Korean Peninsula and expressed no intention of attacking or invading the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea (DPRK) with nuclear or conventional weapons. China, Japan, Russia, South Korea, and the United States concurred to provide energy assistance to the DPRK. Furthermore, the agreement established the principle of “commitment for commitment, action for action,” which holds significance for the spirit of future engagement. The prevailing impasse in resolving the nuclear issue on the Korean Peninsula prompts the inquiry of a possible negotiation model. This paper uses the Harvard negotiation method to examine a zone of possible agreement (ZOPA) between China, North Korea, Russia, and the United States, which culminated in the September 19, 2005 Six Party Talks agreement addressing the nuclear issue on the Korean Peninsula. The first section of the article is devoted to scrutinizing the Zone of Possible Agreement (ZOPA), which facilitated the 2005 agreement. Based on the acquired insights, the second section assesses the prospects for implementing the 2005 Joint Statement in the current context. This section also concentrates on identifying a ZOPA under current conditions, taking into account past experiences and lessons learned from past negotiations.
Turkish Balance, or Türkiye’s Foreign Policy Strategy in the Black Sea Region Following the Special Military Operation
Authors: Irkhin Aleksandr A. , Moskalenko Olga A. , Demeshko Natalia E.
Published: April 2024

The Black Sea region in its various geopolitical configurations is a zone of priority for the Turkish elite. Prior to the Treaty of Küçük Kaynarca (1774), the Black Sea was regarded as the “Sultan’s harem.” Being essentially a peninsula between the Mediterranean and Black Sea, Türkiye is interested in maintaining control over the Black Sea space or in sharing it with another strong power having access to it. The authors aim to identify and explore Türkiye’s foreign policy strategy in relation to the Black Sea region as one of the key geopolitical spaces for Ankara’s national interests. The foreign policy strategy is understood as a long-term mechanism of the subject in relation to objects and competing subjects, which aims to achieve the most favorable spatial position with the help of military and non-military means and appropriate resources, taking into account the timeliness factor. The article solves specific tasks: it identifies the stable characteristics of Turkish foreign policy, shaped by historical experience and geography, which underlie Ankara’s foreign policy strategy; it shows and studies the strategic vision of the Turkish elite in relation to the Black Sea region; it reveals the mechanisms of influence of external geopolitical subjects on the region and the combination of these mechanisms with Turkish national interests. The concept of Turkish balance is introduced as mechanism of Türkiye’s foreign policy strategy whose main purpose is to integrate stronger powers into the logic and algorithms of foreign policy balances of stronger powers with their mutual opposition and further balancing act, which allows Türkiye to receive maximum geo-economic and geopolitical dividends. The research methodology is represented by systemic, geopolitical and civilizational approaches. Given the role of the Black Sea region in the military-political dynamics since February 2022, the mechanisms of Türkiye’s foreign policy strategy in relation to the region are becoming crucial for Russia in various areas of national security. Authors propagate that February 2022 is the inertia of the events of March 2014 and deeper, of the postponed crisis of 1991 caused by the disintegration of the USSR. However, it was the beginning of the special military operation that brought the military and political confrontation at the global and regional levels into the format of open confrontation. Russia has challenged the West and its system of allies.
EdTech in sociological education: Challenges and opportunities, risks and solutions
Authors: Prokazina N. V.
Published: April 2024

The contemporary system of sociological education undergoes all processes of digital transformation; therefore, the key challenges to the teaching community and risks associated with new functions and a decrease in the quality of education require serious rethinking in the context of digital transformation. Moreover, the tasks of identifying the capabilities of EdTech and constructive ways of using them in sociological education are also updated. The article considers the trends in the development of EdTech in education and conditions, technologies and directions for its use in sociological education. The empirical basis of the article is the results of sociological research conducted by international and Russian organizations on the use and development prospects of EdTech. The introduction and use of technologies in the education system determine the task of developing a new digital infrastructure and of the corresponding training/retraining of teaching staff. On the other hand, the education system should respond to students’ requests for emotional inclusion, support, psychological well-being and pedagogy of care in the digitally mediated environment. The author argues that the key tasks to be solved under the introduction of EdTech into sociological education are as follows: formation of a meaningful approach to the use of technology by all participants of the educational process; training in new methods for the analysis of transforming social reality; identification of legitimate ways to use artificial intelligence in education and research. The article emphasizes the dynamism of digital transformation in education, which determines the need for monitoring research and for a comprehensive (infrastructural, personnel, content) digital transformation strategy taking into account the features of educational programs.
Artificial intelligence and higher education - enemies or allies
Authors: Subbotina M. V.
Published: April 2024

The development of artificial intelligence (AI) has become one of the most discussed topics in 2023. According to sociological surveys, the awareness of Russians in the field of AI and their willingness to use new technologies have grown. The leap in the development of neural networks, chatbots and AI technologies in general has already affected many areas of life, and the education system is no exception. Teachers face many challenges related to the regulation of the AI application in the educational process. On the one hand, issues of regulating the use of AI technologies in universities require a scrupulous study which is complicated by the speed of technological development. On the other hand, in addition to official regulations, it is necessary to solve more global and labor-intensive tasks: to unlock the potential of AI in the educational process; analyze the ethical side of the issue and develop the culture of using new technologies; adapt educational materials and assignments based on the possible application of AI by students; change curricula and revise the competency system, etc. The article considers ways to use AI technologies in the educational process as perceived by teachers and students. The author emphasizes both constructive and destructive capabilities of new technologies, the challenges that universities will face in the near future, and the positions of university representatives on these issues. The author believes that the use of AI technologies in education can benefit both teachers and students in sociology and other areas. It is impossible to stop the development of technologies; any attempts to hinder them are counterproductive; therefore, it is necessary to reconsider the established educational approaches according to the requirements of our time.