bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparison of Line Probe Assay (LPA) and Mycobacterium Growth Indicator Tubes (MGIT) Assay for Second-line TB Drug Susceptibility Testing
Authors: Choerunisa Towifah Fauziah , Lismayanti Leni , Rostini Tiene , Bayusantika Ryan , Parwati Ida
Published: September 2021

BACKGROUND: Tuberculosis (TB) infection is one of the most prominent health issues in the world, including in Indonesia. TB is evolving into multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) and requiring second-line TB drugs. Mycobacterium growth indicator tube (MGIT) is the gold standard for susceptibility testing of second-line TB drugs. Alternatively, line probe assay (LPA), which detects genes resistant to second-line TB drugs, takes a shorter time to run. This study aims to compare MGIT and LPA's ability to detect TB resistance to second-line TB drugs and observe mutation patterns of genes encoding second-line TB drugs.METHODS: This was an observational analytic study, using cross-sectional method. The data were acquired from the MDR-TB clinic’s medical records at the Dr. Hasan Sadikin Hospital from September to December 2019. LPA and MGIT test were conducted at the Health Laboratory Hall of West Java Province, then tested using Kolmogorov-Smirnov and chi-square statistic.RESULTS: From 121 subjects, 113 people were not resistant to the second-line TB drugs, which was examined using both LPA and MGIT (93.4%), p=0.991. Mutations were found in gyrA and rrs gene. There was no significant difference between the proportion of subjects resistant to the second-line of TB drugs tested using LPA and MGIT.CONCLUSION: LPA is an alternative method to MGIT because it requires a shorter time and reduces the risk of exposure that will improve MDR-TB patients management.KEYWORDS: line probe assay (LPA), multidrug-resistant TB, mycobacterium growth indicator tube (MGIT), second-line TB drugs
Obtaining Specific Hybridomas for Ki-67 Protein Immunodetection
Authors: Turgimbayeva Aigerim , Abeldenov Sailau , Sarina Nurgul , Khassenov Bekbolat , Eskendirova Saule
Published: September 2021

BACKGROUND: Active proliferation is specific property of a tumor cells. However, the cost of the analysis is high due to commercial anti-Ki-67 mAbs used as the main immunoreagent for reliable identification of proliferating cells. In this study, recombinant protein was used to obtain specific mAbs for Ki-67 biomarker immunodetection.METHODS: Codon optimized fragment of ki-67 gene was cloned into the pET28c(+)vector. The recombinant protein was purified by immobilized metal affinity chromatography (IMAC) and confirmed by liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC-MS)/MS. Hybridoma cells were obtained by fusing myeloma cells with mouse spleen cells immunized with recombinant antigen. The specificity and activity of mAbs was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), Western blot and immunocytochemistry.RESULTS: The pET-28c(+)/ki-67 plasmid, which encodes 355 amino acid protein, was obtained. Analysis by LC-MS/MS of the recombinant antigen showed that 77.5% of the amino-acid sequence belonged to Ki-67 protein. Recombinant fragment of Ki-67 protein was used to obtain specific hybridoma strains. ELISA and Western blot demonstrated high affinity and the specificity of obtained mAbs against Ki-67 protein. Newly generated anti-Ki67 mAbs detected target protein in proliferating cells of MCF-7 cell line by immunocytochemistry.CONCLUSION: Newly developed mAbs are potentially useful as an immunodiagnostic tool for assessing the proliferative activity of breast tumor cells using immunocytochemistry.KEYWORDS: breast cancer, Ki-67, monoclonal antibodies, nuclear antigen, recombinant antigen, tumor cells
Glycated Albumin as Marker for Early Hyperglycemia Detection in Adolescent with β Thalassemia Major
Authors: Candrarukmi Dewinda , Moelyo Annang Giri , Riza Muhammad
Published: September 2021

BACKGROUND: Hyperglycemia is one of the most common endocrine complications in children with β thalassemia major. Though the current diagnostic marker either requires fasting, has low reproducibility, or it is not an accurate for thalassemia patients. Glycated albumin (GA) is a quick and easy alternative marker for hyperglycemia detection and monitoring of glycemic control. However to date, no studies have analyzed the role of GA value in detection of hyperglycemia in children with thalassemia major. This study analyzed the value of GA as an alternative screening marker for hyperglycemia detection in children with β thalassemia major.METHODS: A single-blind prospective diagnostic test was conducted in 9 to 18 years old children with β thalassemia major and who were treated at the Dr. Moewardi Regional General Hospital between October 1, 2018 and December 31, 2019. In a single, fasted study visit, height, weight, fasting blood glucose (FPG), GA, oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) were measured. The area under a receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) was used to determine the cut-off value at which hyperglycemia prediction (OGTT ≥140 mg/dL) display optimal sensitivity and specificity. RESULTS: Among the 53 children with β thalassemia major, 1 (1.9%) had diabetes mellitus and 4 (7.5%) had prediabetes based on their OGTT values. The median GA value in this study was 10.9% (range: 7.6–12.4%). GA had a low AUC (0.646, p=0.287) for hyperglycemia detection in pediatric patients with β thalassemia major. At a cut-off of 11.45%, GA demonstrated 60% sensitivity and 60.4% specificity.CONCLUSION: GA cannot be used as an alternative marker for hyperglycemia detection in children with β thalassemia major.KEYWORDS: hyperglycemia, diabetes mellitus, prediabetes, β thalassemia major, glycated albumin
N-Cadherin as An Important Marker in Colorectal Cancer: An investigation of b-Catenin and Cadherin Expressions of SW-480 and HCT-116 Cell Lines
Authors: Luminturahardjo Winarko , Soeatmadji Djoko Wahono , Mintaroem Karyono , Rahajoe Pudji , Sandra Ferry
Published: September 2021

BACKGROUND: The absence of potential biomarkers to detect the metastatic process at an early stage will consequently delay colorectal cancer (CRC) treatment. Some biomarkers including β-Catenin, E-Cadherin and N-Cadherin have been suggested as potential markers. However, there were opposite reports regarding expressions of these markers. Therefore, current study was conducted using CRC cell lines for early stage (SW-480 cells) and late stage (HCT-116 cells) of CRC.METHODS: SW-480 and HCT-116 cells were cultured and seeded on coverslip glasses for immunofluorescence staining to detect β-Catenin, E-cadherin, and N-cadherin. Expressions of β-Catenin, E-cadherin, and N-cadherin were observed and documented under a fluorescent microscope and analyzed with Image J software. Measured results were then statistically analyzed. RESULTS: All β-catenin, E-Cadherin and N-Cadherin expressions were observed in SW-480 and HCT-116 cells. β-catenin MFI averages of SW-480 (47.157±3.479) and HCT-116 (47.240±4.107) cells were similar. E-Cadherin MFI average of SW-480 cells (45.104±4.107) was higher than the one of HCT-116 cells (40.191±3.702). N-Cadherin MFI average of HCT-116 cells (43.702±8.219) was significantly higher (p=0.009) than the one of SW-480 cells (72.506±5.297).CONCLUSION: Taken together, N-Cadherin could be suggested as an important metastasis marker in CRC since the N-Cadherin expression was significantly higher in HCT-116 cells as the late-stage CRC model than SW-480 as the early-stage of CRC model. Further research is still needed by comparing several biomarkers from various clinical samples at all clinical stages of CRC.KEYWORDS: CRC, β-Catenin, E-Cadherin, N-Cadherin, Metastasis, Biomarker
The Potency of NTHi lic1A Gene as a Biomarker in Determining The Severity of Post-Viral Acute Rhinosinusitis
Authors: Megantara Imam , Lesmana Ronny , Sylviana Nova , Soedigdoadi Sunarjati , Madiadipoera Teti
Published: September 2021

BACKGROUND: The lic1A gene is an important virulence factor for non-typeable H. influenzae (NTHi), which allows its translocation from the nasopharynx into the sinonasal cavity and modulates more severe inflammatory processes. This study is aimed for identifying the potential correlation between the NTHi lic1A gene expressions and the severity of post-viral acute rhinosinusitis.METHODS: Sixty patients who were diagnosed with post-viral acute rhinosinusitis, were recruited from an ENT clinic in a referral hospital, in Bandung, West Java, Indonesia. All patients underwent a historical assessment and ENT examination. The nasal specimen was taken from the patient’s middle meatal. The NTHi lic1A gene expression was detected using Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR).RESULTS: We observed that eight patients had the NTHi lic1A (+), with a strong correlation toward the dominant symptoms (nasal obstruction and discharge). In addition, the symptom’s duration of the NTHi lic1A (+) was twice longer than patients with the NTHi lic1A (-). Its severity was significantly more different between the two groups (p=0.034).CONCLUSION: Taken together, the presence of the NTHi lic1A gene is significantly associated with the severity of the disease and the symptom’s duration. Thus, the NTHi lic1A gene could potentially be a good marker for assessing the severity of post-viral acute rhinosinusitis cases in the future.KEYWORDS: H. influenzae, rhinosinusitis, nasal obstruction, virulence factors
Mitochondria: Master Regulator of Metabolism, Homeostasis, Stress, Aging and Epigenetics
Authors: Meiliana Anna , Dewi Nurrani Mustika , Wijaya Andi
Published: September 2021

BACKGROUND: Mitochondria became a driving force in evolution due to their ability to manufacture adenosine triphosphate (ATP) through respiration. The functioning of mitochondria within eukaryotic cells has evolved dramatically as a result of evolution. Recent research has revealed mitochondria form plasticity to keep the cell's needs and function.CONTENT: Mitochondria have long been regarded as the cell's "powerhouse," providing energy for cell metabolism through oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS). A lot of physiological processes were known to be mediated by mitochondria including immunity and autophagy, cell death mechanism, and stem cell reprogramming. Mitochondria can change their shape to form a tubular network that is controlled by fission and fusion processes. Mitochondrial dynamics is the equilibrium between these two opposing processes that regulates mitochondrial number, size, and positioning within the cytoplasm.SUMMARY: All of these discoveries opened up new research avenues and revealed new targets for targeted medication development. Calorie restriction, and the mimetic agents were developed to increase mitochondria biogenesis to improve human lifespan.KEYWORDS: mitochondria, metabolism, homeostasis, stress response, aging, epigenetic
Design Optimization of Shape and Layup Sequence of Polymer Composite Load Bearing Elements of Light Aircraft
Authors: Tun Lin Htet , Prosuntsov P.V.
Published: September 2021

The paper presents the methodology for designing the load bearing elements of tail section of a light aircraft through the sequential application of methods of parametric and topological optimization. First, we analyzed the loads acting on the aircraft at its maneuvering in the vertical and horizontal planes. Then, for these loads, by the parametric optimization method, we selected the locations of ribs of the tail section of the aircraft, which were subsequently used to develop individual forms of ribs based on the topology optimization method. Next, we carried out parametric optimization of layup angles of polymer composite material, intended for the production of ribs. Finally, we developed a structural layout for the load bearing elements of the fuselage, which meets the criteria of minimum weight when restrictions are imposed on the level of stresses in some layers of the composite material.
The transcription factor dFOXO controls the expression of insulin pathway genes and lipids content under heat stress in Drosophila melanogaster
Authors: Eremina M. A. , Menshanov P. N. , Shishkina O. D. , Gruntenko N. E.
Published: September 2021

The insulin/insulin-like growth factor signaling (IIS) pathway is one of the key elements in an organism’s response to unfavourable conditions. The deep homology of this pathway and its evolutionary conservative role in controlling the carbohydrate and lipid metabolism make it possible to use Drosophila melanogaster for studying its functioning. To identify the properties of interaction of two key IIS pathway components under heat stress in D. melanogaster (the forkhead box O transcription factor (dFOXO) and insulin-like peptide 6 (DILP6), which intermediates the dFOXO signal sent from the fat body to the insulin-producing cells of the brain where DILPs1–5 are synthesized), we analysed the expression of the genes dilp6, dfoxo and insulin-like receptor gene (dInR) in females of strains carrying the hypomorphic mutation dilp641 and hypofunctional mutation foxoBG01018. We found that neither mutation influenced dfoxo expression and its uprise under short-term heat stress, but both of them disrupted the stress response of the dilp6 and dInR genes. To reveal the role of identified disruptions in metabolism control and feeding behaviour, we analysed the effect of the dilp641 and foxoBG01018 mutations on total lipids content and capillary feeding intensity in imago under normal conditions and under short-term heat stress. Both mutations caused an increase in these parameters under normal conditions and prevented decrease in total lipids content following heat stress observed in the control strain. In mutants, feeding intensity was increased under normal conditions; and decreased following short-term heat stress in all studied strains for the first 24 h of observation, and in dilp641 strain, for 48 h. Thus, we may conclude that dFOXO takes part in regulating the IIS pathway response to heat stress as well as the changes in lipids content caused by heat stress, and this regulation is mediated by DILP6. At the same time, the feeding behaviour of imago might be controlled by dFOXO and DILP6 under normal conditions, but not under heat stress.
Biochemical composition of tomato fruits of various colors
Authors: Kurina A. B. , Solovieva A. E. , Khrapalova I. A. , Artemyeva A. M.
Published: September 2021

Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) is an economically important and widely cultivated vegetable crop that is consumed both fresh and processed. The nutritional value of tomato fruits is related to the content of carotenoids, polyphenols, sugars, organic acids, minerals and vitamins. Currently, there is a growing interest in the qualitative and quantitative increase in the content of health-promoting compounds in tomato fruits. VIR Lycopersicon (Tourn.) Mill. genetic resources collection includes 7678 accessions of one cultivated and nine wild species, which in turn provides ample opportunities for searching for information on the variability of the content of biologically active substances and searching for sources with a high content of them in the gene pool. Our work presents the results of the study of 70 accessions of cultivated and wild tomato on the main biochemical characteristics: the content of dry matter, ascorbic acid, sugars, carotenoids, chlorophylls and anthocyanins. As the basis for the selection of accessions for the study, accessions with various colors of fruits, including new accessions with varying content of anthocyanin, were taken. As a result of this study, the amplitude of variability in the content of dry matter (3.72–8.88 and 9.62–11.33 %), sugars (1.50–5.65 and 2.20–2.70 %), ascorbic acid (12.40–35.56 and 23.62– 28.14 mg/100 g), titratable acidity (0.14–0.46 and 0.33–0.48 %), chlorophylls (0.14–5.11 and 2.95–4.57 mg/100 g), carotenoids (0.97–99.86 and 1.03–10.06 mg/100 g) and anthocyanins (3.00–588.86 and 84.31–152.71 mg/100 g) in the fruits of cultivated and wild tomatoes, respectively, was determined. We have determined correlations between the content of dry matter and monosaccharides (r = 0.40, p ≤ 0.05), total sugars (r = 0.37, p ≤ 0.05) and ascorbic acid (r = 0.32, p ≤ 0.05); the content of ascorbic acid and carotenoids (r = 0.25, p ≤ 0.05). A high dependence of the content of chlorophyll a and b among themselves (r = 0.89, p ≤ 0.05), as well as between the content of chlorophyll b and anthocyanins (r = 0.47, p ≤ 0.05), the content of β-carotene (r = 0.26, p ≤ 0.05) and the content of monosaccharides (r = –0.29, p ≤ 0.05) has been noted. We have identif ied tomato accessions with a high content of individual chemical substances, as well as with a complex of traits that can be used as sources in breeding for a high content of dry matter, sugars, ascorbic acid, pigments and anthocyanins.
The implication of leaf anatomical structure for the selective breeding of lilacs
Authors: Pshennikova L. M.
Published: September 2021

The cultivars of the common lilac (Syringa vulgaris) grown in the south of the Russian Far East are not always winter-hardy and are often damaged by fungal diseases due to a very humid climate. A promising trend in the selective breeding of lilacs in Russia is the creation of new breeding material based on the gene pool of the broadleaf lilac (S. oblata) and its hybrids in order to introduce valuable adaptive traits into cultivars. The present work aimed to identify the traits of leaf anatomy in species and cultivars of Syringa resistant and susceptible to Pseudocercospora lilacis, the causative agent of brown leaf spot disease. The study was carried out on the living collection of the Botanical Garden-Institute, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences (Vladivostok). The leaf anatomical structure of two Syringa species showing different degrees of resistance to P. lilacis in the monsoon climate of the Far East (resistant S. oblata and weakly resistant S. vulgaris, and also their hybrid cultivars) has been analyzed. The differences between species, subspecies, and cultivars are quantitative: they differ in the number of spongy mesophyll layers, the cell height in the first layer of palisade mesophyll, the cell height in the upper and lower epidermises, and the thickness of both mesophylls. The interspecific hybrids resistant or weakly resistant to P. lilacis (brown leaf spot disease) mainly retain the leaf anatomy structure of the maternal plant. One of the traits determining the resistance of hybrid lilac cultivars is an increased number of spongy mesophyll layers in the leaf blade. The study of leaf anatomy has shown that the four-layered spongy mesophyll leaf parenchyma correlates with the resistance of lilacs from the subsection Euvulgaris to P. lilacis. In S. oblata, this trait is inherited down the maternal line. To establish lilac cultivars resistant to fungal diseases, it is advisable to cross the two species (S. oblata and S. vulgaris) or their cultivars using one of S. oblata subspecies as a maternal plant.
Genotypic and ecological variability of zinc content in the grain of spring bread wheat varieties in the international nursery KASIB
Authors: Shamanin V. P. , Flis P. , Savin T. V. , Shepelev S. S. , Kuzmin O. G. , Chursin A. S. , Pototskaya I. V. , Likhenko I. E. , Kushnirenko I. Yu. , Kazak A. A. , Chudinov V. A. , Shelaeva T. V. , Morgounov A. I.
Published: September 2021

Spring bread wheat is the staple crop in Western Siberia and Kazakhstan, a significant portion of which goes for export. Wheat breeding with a high level of zinc in wheat grain is the most cost-effective and environmentally friendly way to address zinc deficiency in the diet. The purpose of this work was to evaluate the contribution of the factors ‘location’ and ‘genotype’ in the variability of zinc content in wheat grain, and to identify the best varieties as sources of this trait for breeding. The research on screening zinc content in the wheat grain of 49 spring bread wheat varieties from the KazakhstanSiberia Spring Wheat Trial (KASIB) nursery was carried out at 4 sites in Russia (Chelyabinsk, Omsk, Tyumen, Novosibirsk) and 2 sites in Kazakhstan (Karabalyk and Shortandy) in 2017–2018. The content of zinc in wheat grain was evaluated at the Ionomic Facility of University of Nottingham in the framework of the EU project European Plant Phenotyping Network-2020. The analysis of variance showed that the main contribution into the general phenotypic variation of the studied trait, 38.7 %, was made by the factor ‘location’ due to different contents of zinc and moisture in the soil of trial sites; the effect of the factor ‘year’ was 13.5 %, and the effect of the factor ‘genotype’ was 8.0 %. The most favorable environmental conditions for accumulation of zinc in wheat grain were observed in the Omsk region. In Omsk, the average zinc content in all studied varieties was 50.4 mg/kg, with 63.7 mg/kg in the best variety ‘OmGAU 100’. These values are higher than the target values of the international program Harvest Plus. ‘Novosibirskaya 16’ (49.4 mg/kg), ‘Silach’ (48.4 mg/kg), ‘Line 4-10-16’ (47.2 mg/kg), ‘Element 22’ (46.3 mg/kg) and ‘Lutescens 248/01’ (46.0 mg/kg) were identified as being the best varieties. Significant possibilities for the production of wheat grain with high zinc content, which is in demand for the production of bread and pastry products with functional properties, were identified in the Western Siberian region.
Prioritization of biological processes based on the reconstruction and analysis of associative gene networks describing the response of plants to adverse environmental factors
Authors: Demenkov P. S. , Oshchepkova E. A. , Ivanisenko T. V. , Ivanisenko V. A.
Published: September 2021

Methods for prioritizing or ranking candidate genes according to their importance based on specific criteria via the analysis of gene networks are widely used in biomedicine to search for genes associated with diseases and to predict biomarkers, pharmacological targets and other clinically relevant molecules. These methods have also been used in other fields, particularly in crop production. This is largely due to the development of technologies to solve problems in marker-oriented and genomic selection, which requires knowledge of the molecular genetic mechanisms underlying the formation of agriculturally valuable traits. A new direction for the study of molecular genetic mechanisms is the prioritization of biological processes based on the analysis of associative gene networks. Associative gene networks are heterogeneous networks whose vertices can depict both molecular genetic objects (genes, proteins, me tabolites, etc.) and the higher-level factors (biological processes, diseases, external environmental factors, etc.) related to regulatory, physicochemical or associative interactions. Using a previously developed method, biological processes involved in plant responses to increased cadmium content, saline stress and drought conditions were prioritized according to their degree of connection with the gene networks in the SOLANUM TUBEROSUM knowledge base. The prioritization results indicate that fundamental processes, such as gene expression, post-translational modifications, protein degradation, programmed cell death, photosynthesis, signal transmission and stress response play important roles in the common molecular genetic mechanisms for plant response to various adverse factors. On the other hand, a group of processes related to the development of seeds (“seeding development”) was revealed to be drought specific, while processes associated with ion transport (“ion transport”) were included in the list of responses specific to salt stress and processes associated with the metabolism of lipids were found to be involved specifically in the response to cadmium.
Screening of Tuberose Cultivars against Leaf Spot (Alternaria polyanthi) and its Management
Authors: Mazumder N. , Borah S.K. , Deka K.K.
Published: September 2021

Background: Tuberose flower has been found to be affected by various fungal and viral diseases which affect growth and cause loss in flower yield. Among them, leaf spot incited by Aternaria polianthi is an important fungal disease in tuberose. The incidence of the disease is common in the both single and double-type tuberose varieties due to prevalence of high rainfall and humid conditions. During survey it was found that the disease incidence was increasing gradually causing economic losses in Assam. Methods: The field trial was carried out during kharif seasons (2015 -18) to test the efficacy of six fungicides against leaf spot of tuberose (Var. Local single petal) caused by Alternaria polyantha. Four sprays with fungicides at an interval of seven days starting from the first appearance of the disease symptom were done. Per cent disease incidence (%) with growth parameters were recorded one week after the last spray. Another field experiment for screening the resistant genotypes was conducted using 11 tuberose genotypes during kharif seasons (2016-17 and 2017-18). Result: Eleven tuberose cultivars (Bidhan Ranjani-1, Bidhan Ranjani-2, Arka Nirantara, GK-TC-4, Prajwal, Phule Rajani, Local Single, Local Double, Vaibhav, Suhashini and Shringer) were screened against leaf spot caused by A.polyanthi under natural field condition. None of the cultivars were found to be immune or resistant, while three cultivars viz., GK-TC-4, Bidhan Rajani-1 and Arka Nirantara showed moderate resistant reaction with recorded per cent disease incidence of 16.11, 18.17 and 18.71, respectively. Spraying with azoxystrobin, difenoconazole and a combo fungicide consisting of iprodione (25%) + carbendazim (25%), at 0.1% recorded lowest per cent disease incidence of 7.91, 9.83 and 11.85% compared to control (33.62 PDI) with per cent disease reduction of 70.59%, 64.61% and 76.31%, respectively.
Incidence of Canine Tick Vectors and Molecular Detection of Haemoparasites in Vectors and Hosts
Authors: Jena A. , Baidya S. , Pandit S. , Jas R. , Mandal S.C. , Brahma A. , Mishra S.S.
Published: September 2021

Background: Ticks are of great importance in transmission of various canine tick borne diseases. Several characteristics of ticks make them outstanding vectors of pathogenic agents, the wide host range and slow feeding habit along with tendency to feed on several hosts during life cycle ensures ample opportunity to acquire and transmit pathogens. Methods: This study focuses on status of canine tick vectors and molecular detection of haemoparasites in these ticks and their host, in and around Kolkata. The blood and tick samples were collected from Dog Ward, Department of Teaching Veterinary and Clinical Complex; Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, WBUAFS at Belgachia; Veterinary Clinic of Kolkata Police Dog Squad at Alipore; Veterinary Clinic of Barrackpore Police dog Squad and samples from stray dogs were also collected from inside the University campus through a period of one year (August, 2016 to July, 2017). Result: The tick infestation was recorded at 41% with Rhipicephalus sanguineus, being the only tick. Nine primer sets were used for detection of Babesia spp, Ehrlichia canis, Ehrlichia chaffensis, Babesia gibsoni, Hepatozoon canis, Mycoplasma haemocanis, Anaplasma platys and Theileria annae from the respective tick samples and blood sample of hosts. Tick samples were found positive for Babesia spp, Ehrlichia spp. and H. canis where as the corresponding blood samples were found positive for Babesia spp, Ehrlichia spp., Mycoplasma spp. and H. canis. This study conclusively provides evidence of high rates of incidence of haemoparasitic infection or canine tick borne diseases infection and tick infestation, with at least four haemoparasites infecting the dog population and at least one tick species (Rhipicephalus sanguineus) infesting the dogs in and around Kolkata.
Teoria cyklu życia w kształtowaniu struktury kapitału w przedsiębiorstwie
Authors: Machnik Jadwiga
Published: September 2021

Decyzje zarządzających przedsiębiorstwem w kontekście kształtowania struktury kapitału różnią się w zależności od etapu rozwoju, na którym znajduje się określony podmiot. Liczne badania potwierdziły, że cykl życia przedsiębiorstwa determinuje wybór źródeł finansowania przez zarządzających przedsiębiorstwem, a co za tym idzie wpływa na kształt struktury kapitału. Celem tego opracowania jest identyfikacja przyszłych kierunków badań nad znaczeniem teorii cyklu życia przedsiębiorstwa w kształtowaniu struktury kapitału. Zostały wyciągnięte wnioski na podstawie wstępnego przeglądu literatury w zakresie teorii cyklu życia przedsiębiorstwa.
#ZostańWDomu — kronika czasów pandemii
Authors: Brzezińska-Winkiel Anna , Grzęda Ewa , Kolbuszewski Jacek , Kościelniak Maria , Nowicka Dorota , Pigoń Anna
Published: September 2021

2020, ending the second decade of the twenty-first century, is going down in history as the year of a global pandemic caused by the rapid spread of a virus labelled as SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19). The dramatic consequences of the pandemic are still felt all over the world. One of the early methods for fighting the pandemic and aimed at stopping the transmission of the virus was a decision made by governments of most countries to close down the economy and restrict social contacts as much as possible, a state described as lockdown. Bans on travel and participation in public life have kept most people locked in their homes. In Poland the lockdown began on 12 March 2020. At its height even outdoor activities were banned – it was impossible to go for an ordinary walk in a forest, let alone venture on tourist trails or go rock climbing. Life moved online and the internet became a “lifebelt” enabling people to maintain their social contacts and fill their excess leisure time in an attractive manner. To support the fight against the pandemic, the media initiated a solidarity cam-paign, #StayAtHome, which was to help people survive the difficult days of home isolation. Those who actively joined the campaign included members of the Laboratory of Humanistic Research into the Mountains, who published richly illustrated short essays (under the hashtag #StayAtHome) on mountain-related themes on the fan page of Góry-Literatura-Kultura (www.facebook.pl/glkuwr). Although the material is still available on Facebook, we are publishing it in the present volume in its entirety as a sign of the times. Hoping that the world will be able to overcome the pandemic, we dedicate these articles to all healthcare professionals who have fought the SARS-CoV-2 virus on the front line with such dedication.
Revisiting the Concepts of Secondary Schizophrenia and Pseudoschizophrenia
Authors: Gama Marques João
Published: September 2021

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O conceito e a função da arte na visão de um pintor brasileiro entre os séculos XIX e XX: uma leitura dos cadernos de notas de Eliseu Visconti (1866-1944)
Authors:   Centro Universitário Metodista Bennett, Cavalcanti Ana Maria Tavares
Published: September 2021

Durante as pesquisas para minha tese de doutorado sobre os Prêmios de Viagem à Europa1, estudei particularmente a experiência de Eliseu Visconti, vencedor do concurso de 1892 e pensionista brasileiro em Paris de 1893 a 1900. Dentre os documentos que consultei, os que mais me emocionaram foram os cadernos em que Visconti registrou seus pensamentos sobre o ofício de pintor. O que chamo de “cadernos” são na verdade pequenos blocos de anotações de tamanhos variados e, em alguns casos, folhas soltas. Os que li pertenciam a Tobias Visconti, filho de Eliseu Visconti.
Michelangelo furioso: Jacob Burckhardt e o lugar da figura humana na obra de Michelangelo
Authors:   Universidade Federal do Paraná, Fernandes Cássio da Silva
Published: September 2021

Entre junho de 1894 e março de 1895, o historiador suíço, Jacob Burckhardt, elabora o texto que posteriormente, em 1934, Heinrich Wölfflin editaria com o título Randglossen zur Skulptur der Renaissance (Anotações marginais sobre a escultura do Renascimento).
Artífices na Vila Rica Setecentista: possibilidades de pesquisa
Authors:   Universidade do Estado de Minas Gerais, Araújo Jeaneth Xavier de
Published: September 2021

A história dos artistas e artífices que atuaram em Vila Rica no século XVIII ainda está por ser escrita. Foram publicadas monografias fundamentais sobre artistas que trabalharam em conjunto ou isoladamente na construção e ornamentação das igrejas e capelas por toda a Capitania de Minas Gerais.1 Autores importantes da atualidade dedicam-se a estudar a atividade dos responsáveis pelo fazer artístico nas Minas,2 mas ainda são necessários estudos sobre o universo artístico e artesanal, tanto em Vila Rica como em outras localidades da Capitania de Minas Gerais, principalmente nos seus primeiros anos. Neste texto, procuramos abordar tão somente os artistas que trabalharam na ornamentação interna dos templos de Vila Rica e seu termo, objetivando um melhor delineamento da questão.
Ricardo Severo: entre o elogio e a crítica
Authors:   Universidade de São Paulo, Silva Joana Mello de Carvalho e
Published: September 2021

O presente trabalho nasceu de uma dúvida: como e por que movimentos arquitetônicos tão distintos e até divergentes, o neocolonial e o moderno, adotaram o passado colonial como o ponto de partida para pensar uma “arquitetura brasileira”? Inicialmente pretendíamos investigar a questão a partir da obra do engenheiro português Ricardo Severo (1869-1940) e do arquiteto carioca Lucio Costa (1902-1998).
Algumas considerações sobre o quadro “auto-da-fé” ou “tribunal da inquisição”, de Francisco José de Goya y Lucientes
Authors:   Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Santos João Henrique dos , Follador Kellen Jacobsen ,   Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro
Published: September 2021

O presente trabalho visa a apresentar algumas considerações acerca de uma das mais relevantes e conhecidas obras do pintor espanhol Francisco José de Goya y Lucientes (Fuendetodos, Espanha, 1746 – Bordéus, França, 1828), reputado como, não apenas um dos mais importantes de todos os tempos, como também um dos precursores da pintura moderna. As observações feitas não serão baseadas apenas na história da arte ou no detalhamento das técnicas pictóricas, mas sim na inserção da obra no contexto histórico e político no qual foi composta, mostrando-a como integrante de um mais amplo conjunto de pinturas, gravuras e desenhos do artista no qual o Santo Ofício e seus procedimentos eram satirizados.
Basílica de Vézelay percursos: de leitura dos capitéis historiados da nave (a arte medieval: seu papel na religiosidade e suas relações com o espaço sagrado)
Authors:   Universidade de São Paulo, Almeida Vivian P. C. Coutinho de
Published: September 2021

A Nave da Basílica da Madalena em Vézelay apresenta a particularidade de ser decorada com um número de capitéis historiados sem equivalente na arte românica, com exceção de alguns claustros. O estado de conservação dos capitéis, após a campanha de restauração liderada por Viollet-le-Duc no final do século XIX, é excelente. Essas esculturas não são simples emblemas decorativos, mas verdadeiros “lugares de imagens”, suportes de uma história, cujo sentido o espectador tenta captar. Todos os historiadores que se debruçaram no estudo da abacial tentaram em vão buscar um sentido atrás desta multiplicidade de imagens, uma coerência, para chegarem à constatação da ausência de um fio condutor, de um pensamento único. Mas, num meio que abrigava algumas das maiores figuras intelectuais deste tempo, não seria subestimar as capacidades de reflexão de comandatários que aliás estavam na origem da construção de um monumento que testemunhava não somente de verdadeiras proezas técnicas, mas também de um pensamento muito elaborado e de alta espiritualidade? Não estaríamos assim perpetuando a falsa idéia de um empirismo que teria presidido a edificação do monumento, a elaboração de sua decoração, executada ao belprazer da fantasia dos escultores e dos interesses dos monges?
COVID-19 and Endothelial Dysfunction: Biomarkers and Potential Drug Mechanisms
Authors: Andrianto Andrianto , Rizkiawan Ronaldi , Harsoyo Primasitha Maharany
Published: September 2021

Since the ﬁ rst report of pneumonia outbreak in Wuhan by the end of 2019, Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) has become a global pandemic; causing millions of deaths globally and aﬀ ecting the rest of worldwide population. The disease is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), which enters hosts by inhabiting Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme-2 (ACE-2) receptors expressed in the endothelium layer of not only the respiratory tracts, but also various organs in the body. COVID-19 has been reported to trigger multiple cardiovascular manifestations. Since endothelial dysfunction plays an important role in cardiovascular events and the endothelium is heavily involved in COVID-19 pathophysiology, it is important to investigate their associations and previously established drug potencies to improve endothelial functions as possible treatment options for COVID-19. In this review, we summarize endothelial dysfunction biomarkers involved in COVID-19 and drugs that have shown potential endothelial protective properties to better understand the incidence of endothelial dysfunction in COVID-19 and its future treatment. We searched in PubMed, Wiley Online Library, EBSCO, ScienceDirect databases for literatures containing following keywords: “Endothelial dysfunction”, “COVID-19”, and “biomarkers”. Eligible publications were then assessed and studied to comprise our literature review. A total of 96 studies matched our criteria and provided scientiﬁ c evidences for our review. Materials were then compiled into a review summarizing endothelial biomarkers involved in COVID-19 and potentially repurposed drugs targeting endothelium for COVID-19.Various endothelial dysfunction biomarkers were found to be elevated in COVID19 and is found to be related to its severity, such as adhesion molecules, selectins, PAI-1, and von Willebrand Factors. Multiple drugs targeting the endothelium are also potential and some are under investigation for COVID-19.
Manifestations of Acute Pancreatitis in Severe COVID-19 Patients: Is This a Coincidence?
Authors: Romadhon Pradana Zaky , Suryantoro Satriyo Dwi , Windradi Choirina , Mahdi Bagus Aulia , Agustin Esthiningrum Dewi , W Krisnina Nurul , Novendrianto Dwiki
Published: September 2021

Coronavirus Disease-19 (COVID-19) adalah penyakit yang disebabkan oleh Severe Acute Acute Respiratory Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV2) yang berasal dari China, menyebar dengan cepat ke seluruh bagian negara lain yang menyebabkan pandemi dunia. Dengan derajat gejala yang bervariasi yang disebabkan oleh COVID-19, virus ini menyebabkan kerusakan pada beberapa organ, baik karena efek inﬂ amasi tidak langsung maupun efek sitopatik. Data terkait keterlibatan pankreas dalam kasus COVID-19 masih belum jelas. Seorang laki-laki usia 83 tahun dirawat karena gejala COVID-19 berat. Dalam perawatan, pasien memberikan gejala dan tanda pankreatitis akut tanpa diketahui faktor resiko yang terkait. Pada pemeriksaan didapatkan RT-PCR SARS-CoV2 positif dari swab nasofaring, amilase lipase yang meningkat serta gambaran ultrasound khas untuk pankreatitis akut. Tatalaksana pasien tetap berdasar pada kasus SARS-CoV2 dengan isolasi, oksigenasi, pemberian anti virus dan suportif. Pemberian antibiotik juga didasarkan pada terapi empiris yang kemudian disesuaikan hasil sensitiﬁ tas kultur. Skor prognosis pankreatitis menunjukkan risiko kematian pada kasus moderate. Pada perjalanan, pasien meninggal karena shock sepsis. Prevalensi pankreatitis akut dan tingkat keparahannya perlu diamati. Dalam artikel ini, kami menyajikan kasus pankreatitis akut yang terjadi pada COVID-19 parah dengan faktor risiko yang tidak diketahui.Diagnosis penyebab kasus pankreatitis masih belum jelas tetapi beberapa bukti autopsi kasus infeksi SARS-CoV2 dengan pankreatitis menyebutkan bahwa infeksi virus ini dapat menyebabkan injuri pada pankreas.. Kondisi sepsis dapat diakibatkan infeksi virus SARS-CoV2 (viral sepsis) atau ko-infeksi bakteri. Oleh karena itu, rasionalisasi penggunaan antibiotik juga diperlukan. Kasus ini merupakan kasus yang membutuhkan managemen holisitik dan intensif karena kedua kondisi berpotensi dapat memperberat satu sama lain. Pengenalan awal kegawatan serta terapi tepat merupakan hal yang penting dapat menunjang kesintasan pasien.
Diffusion study of chloride and binding of water in concrete pore by molecular dynamics simulation using LAMMPS
Authors: Islam Md. Shafiqul , Ahmeed Sayem , Ghosh Sumon Kumar
Published: September 2021

As for the communication between concrete and the particles, the surface shows Cl− shock and Na adsorption. With expanded particle focus, the solid adsorption capacity for Cl− is upgraded as a result of a detailed overview of the dynamic molecular simulation studies examining the chloride diffusion coefficient. Different characteristics of the diffusion process, including molecular models, system-size effects, temperature, and pressure conditions, and the type of protection, are discussed. This paper focus on Molecular Dynamic Simulation to determine the diffusion coefficient of chloride ion and water molecules in concrete. The diffusion coefficient for NaCl salt obtained 6.60178x10-10m2/s and the diffusion coefficient for CaCl2 salt obtained 7.29305x10-10m2/s. So, the average chloride diffusion coefficient 6.9475x10-10m2/s. Diffusion coefficient obtained from graph 5.562x10-10m2/s. Diffusion coefficients for water molecules for NaCl solution are 6.125x10-10m2/s, 6.85x10-10m2/s, 1.044x10-10m2/s, 8.525x10-10m2/s, 6.25x10-10m2/s. diffusion coefficient of water molecules in CaCl2 solution are 4.5x10-10m2/s, 6.725x10-10m2/s, 1.254x10-10m2/s, 7.725x10-10m2/s, 1.3x10-10m2/s. Average value obtained for water molecule diffusion are 4.545x10-10m2/s, 7.4062x10-10m2/s and 1.149x10-10m2/s. This diffusion of chloride effects the binding of water in concrete pore.
Effect of retardant admixtures type and their using method on the behavior of concrete
Authors: Ahmed Tamer Ibrahim , Afify Mohamed Roshdy
Published: September 2021

Construction sites may be exposed to crisis conditions during the casting process, resulting in delays of several hours and causing destruction of ready-mix concrete. This study suggests an experimental analysis of the possibility of using a specific additional dose of retardant admixtures, which may be used to ready-mix concrete before the initial setting of the concrete occurs. The effect of this additional dose on concrete characteristics in terms of workability, setting time, and compressive strength is also being studied. To conduct this investigation, three types of retardant admixtures from three branded companies were used. In addition, a penetration resistance experiment was conducted on the concrete to determine its setting time. The setting time of concrete was measured at different period intervals depending on when the additional dose of the retardant admixtures was added from the start of the concrete mixing. The results showed that concrete maintained proper workability for a period of more than 5 hours after using the additional dose of retarding admixtures. The additional dose of retarding admixtures not only delayed the concrete setting but also improved the compressive strength of the concrete. This implies that the use of an additional dose of retardant admixtures specifically tailored for ready-mix concrete is an effective option to avoid the return of ready-mixed fresh concrete.
Muhasebe Mesleğinde Etiğin Önemi ve Muhasebe Meslek Mensubu Adaylarının Etik Algılarının Ölçülmesi Üzerine İstanbul İlinde Bir Araştırma
Authors: GÜLMEZ Taha Yasin , KIYMETLİ ŞEN İlker
Published: September 2021

Bu çalışmada İstanbul ilinde Ticaret Meslek Lisesi, Lise, Ön lisans, Lisans ve Yüksek Lisans seviyelerinde eğitim ve öğretimine devam eden muhasebe meslek mensubu adayı öğrencilerin muhasebe meslek etiği algılarını belirlenmesi ve oluşum düzeylerinin tespit edilmesi ve eğitim görülen kademe ve daha önce etik eğitimi alıp almama durumu ile etik algıları arasındaki ilişkilerin belirlenmesine yönelik nicel araştırma yöntemlerinden anket tekniği kullanılarak bir araştırma yapılmış ve sonuçları değerlendirilmiştir.Sakarya ve Kara (2010) tarafından geliştirilen, Dürüstlük, Tarafsızlık, Mesleki Yeterlilik ve Gerekli Özen, Gizlilik ve Mesleki Davranış ilkeleri olmak üzere 5 alt boyut, toplam 25 ifadeden oluşan “Etik Algısı Ölçeği Anketi” veri toplama aracı olarak kullanılmıştır. Muhasebe meslek etiği ölçeği kapsamında katılımcılardan veriler 5’li likert ölçek ile toplanmıştır.IBM SPSS 25.0 programı ile katılımcıların sosyo-demografik bilgileri arasındaki ilişkinin tespitinde Bağımsız Örneklem T Testi, Tek Yönlü Varyans Analizi (ANOVA) ve Pearson Korelasyon Analizi kullanılmıştır. Anlamlı çıkan sonuçlar için farklılığın hangi gruplar arasında olduğu varyans homejenliği varsayımına göre “LSD” Post-Hoc Testleri uygulanmıştır. Çalışma sonucunda muhasebe meslek mensubu adaylarının eğitim hayatları boyunca etik algılarının ne derecede olacağı ve nasıl yönetileceği konusunda öneriler sunulması ve çeşitli kademelerde eğitim gören muhasebe meslek mensubu adaylarından elde edilecek olan verilerden hareketle ulaşılacak sonuçların farklı araştırmacılara yol gösterici bir nitelik taşıması amaçlanmaktadır.
Skeletal Scintigraphy in Assesing the Response of Prostate Cancer Metastases to Androgen Deprivation Therapy
Authors: Mironov S. P. , Vasilenko E. I. , Cholak P. M. , Masenko V. P. , Shariya M. A. , Ustyuzhanin D. V. , Sergienko V. B.
Published: September 2021

Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) with luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone agonists is the basis for drug treatment in patients with metastatic prostate cancer (PC). An accurate assessment of the response of the tumor and its metastases is of primary importance for making a clinical decision regarding the continuation of treatment, changing the line of drugs or the nature of therapy. The presented clinical case illustrates the possibilities of 99mTc-pyrophosphate skeletal scintigraphy for monitoring the response of PC bone metastases to ADT. The efficiency of hormone therapy with Triptorelin has been confirmed by positive changes in the visual and quantitative scintigraphic signs that manifest the metabolic activity of bone tissue in the area of a metastatic lesion. This was manifested by a marked decrease in the intensity of 99mTc-pyrophosphate accumulation in the foci of bone pathology, by a reduction in the number of visualized hot foci, and by a gradual normalization of the scintigraphic pattern. This variant of the metabolic response of bone metastases to ADT correlated with the positive changes in laboratory parameters, as well as with the signs of reversal of the tumor and its metastases, as evidenced by magnetic resonance imaging.
Peningkatan Hasil Belajar PAI Materi Berwudhu Melalui Metode Demonstrasi Pada Peserta Didik Kelas II di SDN Hargowilis
Authors:   SD Negeri Sanggrahan, Kulonprogo, Hildah I'ing
Published: September 2021

This study aims to determine the increase in learning outcomes of ablution material after using the demonstration method. This research is a classroom action research conducted on second grade students at SD Negeri Hargowilis. The subjects of this study were second grade students at SD Negeri Hargowilis, Kokap, Kulon Progo semester 1 of the 2018/2019 academic year. This research was conducted in two cycles, with each cycle consisting of action planning, action implementation, observation, andreflection. The results showed that the implementation of learning ablution material using the demonstration method could improve student learning outcomes in class II SD Negeri Hargowilis, Kokap, Kulon Progo. The increase in learning outcomes is indicated by an increase in learning activities by 15.2% and the number of students who achieve learning completeness as much as 90%.