bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Immunological landscape of periodontitis and rheumatoid arthritis and their molecular crosstalk
Authors: Zhao Weimin , Liu Chenxu , Cui Xiangzhi , Chen Qianjiang
Published: February 2025

Background

The association between periodontitis (PT) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is well-established; however, the molecular mechanisms underlying this relationship remain poorly understood. This study aims to delineate shared genetic and molecular features between PT and RA to uncover potential common pathways involved in their pathogenesis.

Methods

Gene expression data sets for PT and RA were retrieved from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and co-expressed gene modules were identified using weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) and the DESeq2 package. Enrichment analyses, including KEGG and Gene Ontology (GO) pathways, as well as immune cell infiltration profiling, were performed to explore shared biological pathways. A protein–protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed to pinpoint key genes linking PT and RA. Functional assays were conducted by overexpressing the identified core gene, PTPRC, in MH7A cells via lentiviral transfection, followed by cell viability (CCK-8), migration, and invasion assays. In addition, transcription factor enrichment and connectivity map (cMAP) analyses were employed to identify common transcriptional regulators and potential therapeutic targets for both conditions.

Results

WGCNA and DESeq2 analyses revealed 154 shared DEGs between PT and RA, predominantly enriched in immune and inflammatory response pathways. PTPRC emerged as a pivotal shared gene, exhibiting significantly higher expression in PT patients compared to controls. In vitro assays confirmed that PTPRC overexpression enhanced fibroblast proliferation, migration, and invasion. Furthermore, transcription factor enrichment analysis and cMAP identified overlapping transcriptional regulators and potential pharmacological agents for both diseases.

Conclusions

This study provides novel insights into shared gene expression profiles and molecular mechanisms linking PT and RA, identifying PTPRC as a potential key regulator. These findings suggest that targeting PTPRC could offer therapeutic opportunities for RA driven by PT.
Responding to old problems in the Dutch work addiction scale: a psychometric approach in a Peruvian sample
Authors: Salas-Blas Edwin , Vallejos-Flores Miguel , Calderón-De la Cruz Gustavo , Manzanares-Medina Eduardo , Fonseca-Pedrero Eduardo , Mayo-Puchoc Nikol , Copez-Lonzoy Anthony
Published: February 2025

Background

Harmful work patterns have become a public health problem. These conditions are worrying since they can have an impact on mental health, social conflicts, and physical difficulties due to their normalization of pathological behaviors related to work addiction. Aims: (1) determine the psychometric properties and reliability of the DUWAS and (2) evaluate valid comparisons at the construct level. Methods: The Spanish version of DUWAS was used. For the evaluation of the psychometric model, 446 Peruvian workers responded to the Spanish version (60.5% women aged 18 to 65, M = 35.1 SD = 12.45). Results: The unidimensional version was confirmed (x
2 = 67.495(14); CFI = 0.96; TLI = 0.95; SRMR = 0.050 and RMSEA = 0.069). The reliability was acceptable (α = 0.735; 95% CI: 0.706 − 0.762; ω = 0.741; 95% CI: 0.712 − 0.767) and measurement invariance was confirmed for sex and age groups. Concurrent validity was mostly identified with mental health indicators. Conclusion: This study provides new information on dimensionality and the realization of valid comparisons that allow its use in Spanish-speaking workers.
Impact of food availability and predator presence on patterns of landscape partitioning among neighbouring Guinea baboon (Papio papio) parties
Authors: Ohrndorf Lisa , Mundry Roger , Beckmann Jörg , Fischer Julia , Zinner Dietmar
Published: February 2025

Background

Access to critical resources, including food, water, or shelter, significantly determines individual fitness. As these resources are limited in most habitats, animals may employ strategies of landscape partitioning to mitigate the impact of direct resource competition. Territoriality may be regarded as an aggressive form of landscape partitioning, but other forms of landscape partitioning exist in non-territorial species. Animals living in groups with greater flexibility in their association patterns, such as multilevel societies with fission–fusion dynamics, may adjust their grouping and space use patterns to short-term variations in ecological conditions such as food availability, predation pressure, or the presence of conspecific groups. This flexibility may allow them to balance the costs of competition while reaping the benefits of better predator detection and defence.

Methods

We explored patterns of landscape partitioning among neighbouring Guinea baboon (Papio papio) parties in the Niokolo-Koba National Park, Senegal. Guinea baboons live in a multilevel society in which parties predictably form higher-level associations (“gangs”). We used four years of locational data from individuals equipped with GPS collars to estimate annual home ranges, home range overlap, and average minimum distances between parties. We examined whether food availability and predator presence levels affected the cohesion between parties in 2022.

Results

We found substantial overlap in home range and core area among parties (33 to 100%). Food availability or predator presence did not affect the distance to the closest neighbouring party; the average minimum distance between parties was less than 100 m.

Conclusions

Our results suggest a low level of feeding competition between our study parties. Whether this is a general feature of Guinea baboons or particular to the situation in the Niokolo-Koba National Park remains to be investigated.
BDSM and masochistic sexual fantasies in women with borderline personality disorder: simply on the spectrum of “normality” or source of suffering?
Authors: Warkentin Hannah F. , Mazinan Rose Gholami , Fuss Johannes , Kratzer Leonhard , Biedermann Sarah V.
Published: February 2025

Background

Increasing research has contributed to the destigmatization of sadomasochistic sexual preferences. Nevertheless, persons diagnosed with Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) frequently report self-harmful masochistic sexual practice under the pretext of BDSM, especially those reporting experiences of child sexual abuse (CSA). Empirical research on sexual preferences in the context of BPD is scarce, although related sexual behaviors may matter particularly regarding dysfunctional and self-harming behaviors.

Methods

Women with BPD (n = 115) and age-matched healthy controls (HC; n = 115) were compared regarding experiences with BDSM and masochistic fantasies, as well as associated arousal and distress. Regression and moderation analyses were conducted on cross-sectional data to examine the associations between sadomasochistic sexuality and BPD symptoms, traumatic experiences, sexual risk behavior, and sexual motivation.

Results

Women with BPD practiced BDSM more often (last year: 34% vs. 15%; lifetime: 51% vs. 23%) which was associated with more autonomous, self-determined forms of sexual motivation but at the same time associated with higher BPD symptoms and risky sexuality. While a similar number of women in both groups endorsed arousal through masochistic sexual fantasies (77% vs. 74%), significantly more of those women with BPD reported associated marked distress (53% vs. 21%). Distress from masochistic fantasies was associated with less autonomous sexual motivation, in which sexuality is used in order to regulate emotions and self-esteem, and was predicted by the interaction of the severity of childhood sexual abuse and this regulation tendency.

Conclusion

Sadomasochistic sexuality and corresponding fantasies in women can be an autonomous, self-determined form of sexuality. However, in women with BPD they tend to be associated with BPD symptoms, risky sexuality, problems with self-regulation and traumatization and are thus associated with marked distress. Our findings highlight the importance of considering sexual preferences in clinical context and the need for specific treatment for this subgroup suffering from their preference or acting them out in a dysfunctional or self-harming way.

Trial registration

This analysis is part of a larger ongoing study and was retrospectively registered (Registration trial DRKS00029716).
Renal mitochondria response to sepsis: a sequential biopsy evaluation of experimental porcine model
Authors: Müller Jiri , Chvojka Jiri , Ledvinova Lenka , Benes Jan , Tuma Zdenek , Grundmanova Martina , Jedlicka Jan , Kuncova Jitka , Matejovic Martin
Published: February 2025

Background

The pathophysiology of sepsis-induced acute kidney injury remains elusive. Although mitochondrial dysfunction is often perceived as the main culprit, data from preclinical models yielded conflicting results so far. The aim of this study was to assess the immune-metabolic background of sepsis-associated renal dysfunction using sequential biopsy approach with mitochondria function evaluation in a large clinically relevant porcine models mimicking two different paces and severity of sepsis and couple this approach with traditional parameters of renal physiology.

Methods

In this randomized, open-label study, 15 anaesthetized, mechanically ventilated and instrumented (renal artery flow probe and renal vein catheter) pigs were randomized in two disease severity groups—low severity (LS) sepsis (0.5 g/kg of autologous faeces intraperitoneally) and high severity (HS) sepsis (1 g/kg of autologous faeces intraperitoneally). Sequential cortical biopsies of the left kidney were performed and a pyramid-shaped kidney specimen with cortex, medulla and renal papilla was resected and processed at the end of the experiment. Oxygraphic data and western blot analysis of proteins involved in mitochondrial biogenesis and degradation were obtained.

Results

In contrast to increased mitochondrial activity observed in LS sepsis, a significant decrease in the oxidative phosphorylation capacity together with an increase in the respiratory system uncoupling was observed during the first 24 h after sepsis induction in the HS group. Those changes preceded alterations of renal haemodynamics. Furthermore, serum creatinine rose significantly during the first 24 h, indicating that renal dysfunction is not primarily driven by haemodynamic changes. Compared to cortex, renal medulla had significantly lower oxidative phosphorylation capacity and electron-transport system activity. PGC-1-alfa, a marker of mitochondrial biogenesis, was significantly decreased in HS group.

Conclusions

In this experimental model, unique sequential tissue data show that the nature and dynamics of renal mitochondrial responses to sepsis are profoundly determined by the severity of infectious challenge and resulting magnitude of inflammatory insult. High disease severity is associated with early and stepwise progression of mitochondria dysfunction and acute kidney injury, both occurring independently from later renal macro-haemodynamic alterations. Our data may help explain the conflicting results of preclinical studies and suggest that sepsis encompasses a very broad spectrum of sepsis-induced acute kidney injury endotypes.
Disulfidptosis classification of pancreatic carcinoma reveals correlation with clinical prognosis and immune profile
Authors: Shi Jiangmin , Zhao Liang , Wang Kai , Lin Jieqiong , Shen Jianwei
Published: February 2025

Background

Disulfidptosis, a novel form of metabolism-related regulated cell death, is a promising intervention for cancer therapeutic intervention. Although aberrant expression of long‐chain noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) expression has been associated with pancreatic carcinoma (PC) development, the biological properties and prognostic potential of disulfidptosis-related lncRNAs (DRLs) remain unclear.

Methods

We obtained RNA-seq data, clinical data, and genomic mutations of PC from the TCGA database, and then determined DRLs. We developed a risk score model and analyzed the role of risk score in the predictive ability, immune cell infiltration, immunotherapy response, and drug sensitivity.

Results

We finally established a prognostic model including three DRLs (AP005233.2, FAM83A-AS1, and TRAF3IP2-AS1). According to Kaplan–Meier curve analysis, the survival time of patients in the low-risk group was significantly longer than that in the high-risk group. Based on enrichment analysis, significant associations between metabolic processes and differentially expressed genes were assessed in two risk groups. In addition, we observed significant differences in the tumor immune microenvironment landscape. Tumor Immune Dysfunction and Rejection (TIDE) analysis showed no statistically significant likelihood of immune evasion in both risk groups. Patients exhibiting both high risk and high tumor mutation burden (TMB) had the poorest survival times, while those falling into the low risk and low TMB categories showed the best prognosis. Moreover, the risk group identified by the 3-DRLs profile showed significant drug sensitivity.

Conclusions

Our proposed 3-DRLs-based feature could serve as a promising tool for predicting the prognosis, immune landscape, and treatment response of PC patients, thus facilitating optimal clinical decision-making.
Identification of subtypes and biomarkers associated with disulfidptosis-related ferroptosis in ulcerative colitis
Authors: Jiang Yinghao , Meng Hongyan , Zhang Xin , Yang Jinguang , Sun Chengxin , Wang Xiaoyan
Published: February 2025

Background

Disulfidptosis and ferroptosis are different programmed cell death modes, which are closely related to the development of a variety of diseases, but the relationship between them and ulcerative colitis (UC) is still unclear. Therefore, our study aimed to explore the molecular subtypes and biomarkers associated with disulfidptosis-related ferroptosis (DRF) in UC.

Methods

We used Pearson analysis to identify DRF genes. Then, we classified 140 UC samples into different subtypes based on the DRF genes and explored the biological and clinical characteristics between them. Next, the hub genes were identified by differential analysis and WGCNA algorithms, and three machine learning algorithms were used to screen biomarkers for UC from hub genes. In addition, we analyzed the relationship between biomarkers of immune cells and transcription factors and predicted natural compounds that might be used to treat UC. Finally, we further verified the reliability of the markers by RT-qPCR experiments.

Results

118 DRF genes were identified using Pearson analysis. Based on the expression level of the DRF genes, we classified UC patients into C1 and C2 subtypes, with significant differences in the abundance of immune infiltration and disease activity between the two subtypes. The machine learning algorithms identified three biomarkers, including XBP1, FH, and MAP3K5. Further analyses revealed that the three biomarkers were closely associated with a variety of immune cells and transcription factors. In addition, six natural compounds corresponding to the biomarkers were predicted, which may contribute to the effective treatment of UC. Finally, the expression trends of XBP1, FH, and MAP3K5 in animal experiments were consistent with the results of bioinformatics analysis.

Conclusion

In this study, we systematically elucidated the role of DRF genes in the development of UC, and identified three potential biomarkers, providing a new idea for the diagnosis and treatment of UC.
3D cinematic reconstructions of cardiovascular CT presented in augmented reality: subjective assessment of clinical feasibility and potential use cases
Authors: Böttcher Benjamin , van Assen Marly , Fari Roberto , von Knebel Doeberitz Philipp L. , Gershon Gabrielle , Meinel Felix G. , De Cecco Carlo N.
Published: February 2025

Augmented reality (AR) is a new technique enabling interaction with three-dimensional (3D) holograms of cinematic rendering (CR) reconstructions. Research in this field is in its very early steps, and data is scarce. We evaluated image quality, usability, and potential applications of AR in cardiovascular image datasets. Ten CR reconstructions of cardiovascular computed tomography (CT) datasets with complex anatomical abnormalities were presented to six radiologists and three cardiologists first on diagnostic screens and subsequently in AR. Subjective image quality and user experience were rated on 5-point Likert scales to assess usability and potential applications of AR. CR of CT datasets covering multiple images series of the same exam with differing kernels was performed in 143 ± 31 s (mean ± standard deviation); reconstruction of single CT image series took 84 ± 30 s. Mean subjective image quality was excellent, and observers showed high endorsement of the intuitive usability of the AR device and improvement of anatomical comprehensibility. AR devices were expected to have the greatest impact on patient and student education as well as multidisciplinary discussions, with less potential in clinical care. Clinical testing and preclinical implementation of AR seem feasible due to reasonable computation times and intuitive usability even for first-time users.

Relevance statement

The presentation of 3D cinematic rendering in augmented reality provides excellent image quality, facilitating the comprehension of anatomical structures in CT datasets. Concurrently, reasonable computation times and the intuitive usability of augmented reality devices make preclinical implementation and clinical testing feasible.

Key Points

3D cinematic reconstructions presented in augmented reality improve the anatomical comprehensibility of chest CT scans.

Augmented reality devices are expected to be highly beneficial in educational settings and multidisciplinary discussions.

Usability and computation times are feasible for initial preclinical use cases.

Graphical Abstract
Understanding the transfer and persistence of antimicrobial resistance in aquaculture using a model teleost gut system
Authors: Barcan Alexandru S. , Humble Joseph L. , Kasaragod Sandeep , Sajib Mohammad Saiful Islam , Barcan Rares A. , McGinnity Philip , Welch Timothy J. , Robertson Brendan , Vamanu Emanuel , Bacigalupo Antonella , Llewellyn Martin S. , Samsing Francisca
Published: February 2025

Background

The development, progression, and dissemination of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) are determined by interlinked human, animal, and environmental drivers, which pose severe risks to human and livestock health. Conjugative plasmid transfer drives the rapid dissemination of AMR among bacteria. In addition to the judicious use and implementation of stewardship programs, mitigating the spread of antibiotic resistance requires an understanding of the dynamics of AMR transfer among microbial communities, as well as the role of various microbial taxa as potential reservoirs that promote long-term AMR persistence. Here, we employed Hi-C, a high-throughput, culture-free technique, combined with qPCR, to monitor carriage and transfer of a multidrug-resistent (MDR) plasmid within an Atlantic salmon in vitro gut model during florfenicol treatment, a benzenesulfonyl antibiotic widely deployed in fin-fish aquaculture.

Results

Microbial communities from the pyloric ceaca of three healthy adult farmed salmon were inoculated into three bioreactors simulating the teleost gut, which were developed for the SalmoSim gut system. The model system was then inoculated with the Escherichia coli strain ATCC 25922 carrying the plasmid pM07-1 and treated with florfenicol at a concentration of 150 mg/L in fish feed media for 5 days prior to the washout/recovery phase. Hi-C and metagenomic sequencing identified numerous transfer events, including those involving gram-negative and gram-positive taxa, and, crucially, the transfer and persistence of the plasmid continued once florfenicol treatment was withdrawn.

Conclusions

Our findings highlight the role of the commensal teleost gut flora as a reservoir for AMR even once antimicrobial selective pressure has been withdrawn. Our system also provides a model to study how different treatment regimens and interventions may be deployed to mitigate AMR persistence.
Consistently low serum levels of MG-H1 is associated with a lower risk of diabetic kidney disease
Authors: Nakamura Tomoka , Tsujimoto Tetsuro , Yasuda Kazuki , Kajio Hiroshi , Ueki Kohjiro
Published: February 2025

Context

Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular events, end-stage renal disease, and mortality. Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) are related to DKD. However, data on the associations between long-term changes in AGEs and DKD are lacking.

Objective

We aimed to ascertain whether a long-term shift in serum AGE levels is associated with DKD development and progression in patients with poorly controlled diabetes.

Methods

The serum levels of the AGE, methylglyoxal-hydroimidazolone (MG-H1) were measured twice in 160 patients with diabetes. We categorized patients whose serum MG-H1 levels were <2.5 µg/mL at both measurements as the consistently low MG-H1 group. The primary endpoints were new or worsening DKD, which was defined as the occurrence of either a 30% decline in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), doubling of serum creatinine, development of macroalbuminuria, need for renal replacement therapy, or death due to renal disease. Hazard ratios (HRs) for new or worsening DKD, with 95% confidence intervals (CIs), were calculated using Cox proportional hazard models to compare the outcomes between the consistently low MG-H1 group and the other group.

Results

Compared to the other group, the consistently low MG-H1 group had a significantly lower risk of new or worsening DKD, after adjusting for possible confounders (HR: 0.48; 95% CI, 0.29–0.81; P = 0.01). Furthermore, the same relationship was observed in patients without eGFR <30 mL/min/1.73 m2, advanced DKD, or cardiovascular events.

Conclusions

Consistently low serum MG-H1 levels are associated with a lower frequency of DKD.
Azoospermia/Oligozoospermia and Prostate Cancer are Increased in Families of Women with Primary Ovarian Insufficiency
Authors: Allen-Brady Kristina , Kodama Samantha , Verrilli Lauren E , Ramsay Joemy M , Johnstone Erica B , Horns Joshua J , Emery Benjamin R , Cannon-Albright Lisa , Aston Kenneth I , Hotaling James M , Welt Corrine K
Published: February 2025

Background

Nonobstructive azoospermia (NOA) and primary ovarian insufficiency (POI) have common genetics that may also predispose to cancer risk.

Objectives

We hypothesized that NOA or severe oligozoospermia and risk of male cancers would be higher in families of women with POI.

Methods

Women with POI were identified using International Classification of Disease codes in electronic medical records (1995-2021) from two major healthcare systems in Utah and reviewed for accuracy. Using genealogy information in the Utah Population Database, women with POI (n=392) and their relatives were included if there were at least three generations of ancestors available. Men with NOA or severe oligozoospermia (≤5 million/mL) from the Subfertility Health and Assisted Reproduction and the Environment Study were identified in these families and risk was calculated in relatives compared to population rates. The relative risk of prostate and testicular cancer was examined using the Utah Cancer Registry.

Results

There was an increased risk of NOA/severe oligozoospermia in relatives of women with POI among first- (RR 2.8 [95% CI 1.1, 6.7]; p=0.03), second- (3.1 [1.1, 6.7]; p=0.02), and third-degree relatives (1.8 [1.1, 3.1]; p=0.03). In these families with POI and NOA/oligozoospermia (n=21), prostate cancer risk was higher in first- (3.5 [1.1, 8.1]; p=0.016) and second-degree relatives (3.1 [1.9, 4.8]; p=0.000008).

Conclusions

The data demonstrate excess familial clustering of severe spermatogenic impairment compared to matched population rates, along with higher prostate cancer risk in relatives of women with POI. These findings support a common genetic contribution to POI, spermatogenic impairment and prostate cancer.
Early Detection and Intervention: A Framework for Preventing Academic Failure in Medical Students
Authors: Rashid Azhar , Yasmeen Rahila , Khan Rehan Ahmed
Published: February 2025

Academic failure is multifactorial with personal, institutional, and societal factors. Identification after high stake assessments comes too late for meaningful interventions. There is limited data to predict academic failure at an early stage. This qualitative exploratory study aimed to identify such students using a predictive framework. Using purposive sampling, twenty-seven participants (8 academic failures, 8 high achievers, and 7 medical teachers) were enrolled after informed consent and ethical approval. One-to-one interviews with eight academic failures and two focused group discussions (FGDs), one with the high achievers and the teachers were conducted online using a validated questionnaire. Thematic analysis and blended coding was done manually with member checking and triangulation. Key predictors included poor self-regulation, procrastination, emotional imbalance, low self-efficacy, cognitive overload, and non-reflective practices. Key components of the framework suggested are documentation of students’ prior academic results and professional choice, at the time of admission as well as behavioral traits and performance in formative assessments. Close observation of procrastination, emotional state, and self-efficacy during small group discussions by teachers followed by feedback will identify students at risk. Reflective practices by both students and teachers during feedback sessions will uncover hidden learning gaps. In conclusion, “potential academic failures” can be identified and supported by observation, documentation, and reflective practices by teachers and students using proposed framework.
doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.41.3.10883
How to cite this: Rashid A, Yasmeen R, Khan RA. Early Detection and Intervention: A Framework for Preventing Academic Failure in Medical Students. Pak J Med Sci. 2025;41(3):919-922-. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.41.3.10883
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Impact of frailty on outcomes of elderly patients with atrial fibrillation: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Yao Jianhong , Chen Ke , He Zhifen , Chen Dan
Published: February 2025

Objective: Atrial fibrillation (AF) prevalences have risen globally due to the increasing aging populations posing significant health challenges. Frailty, a state characterized by weak physiological reserves, has emerged as a crucial factor influencing cardiovascular disease outcomes, including those in patients with AF. With this systematic review and meta-analysis, we aimed to elucidate the impact of frailty on mortality, and the incidences of stroke, major bleeding events, and other outcomes in elderly patients with AF.
Method: A comprehensive search of PubMed, EMBASE, and Scopus databases yielded 1302 relevant records from inception until January 2024. We screened them to assess their eligibility for our study. We included data from 23 studies into our analysis, covering a diverse global population. We also assessed the quality of the included studies by assigning Newcastle- Ottawa Scale scores.
Results: Frailty demonstrated a consistent association with increased all-cause mortality (Hazards ratio [HR] 2.46 in frail individuals). Frailty also correlated with elevated risks of stroke (HR, 1.46) and major bleeding events (HR, 1.34). Our analysis also revealed non-significant associations with cardiovascular death and intra-cranial hemorrhage.
Conclusion: Frailty significantly increases the frequency of adverse outcomes in elderly patients with AF; thus, these patients should be managed with tailored risk stratification tools. Integrating frailty assessments into clinical decision-making should aid in optimizing care strategies and enhance outcomes in this vulnerable population.
doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.41.3.11357
How to cite this: Yao J, Chen K, He Z, Chen D. Impact of frailty on outcomes of elderly patients with atrial fibrillation: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Pak J Med Sci. 2025;41(3):891-901. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.41.3.11357
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
EFEKTIVITAS VIDEO EDUKASI TERHADAP PENGETAHUAN DAN SIKAP REMAJA DALAM MENCEGAH PERKAWINAN USIA ANAK
Authors: Adhiyanti Iis Putri , Mediastuti Fitriani , Hindriyawati Wiwin , Setyorini Retno Heru
Published: February 2025

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi dampak video edukasi dalam meningkatkan pengetahuan dan sikap remaja dalam mencegah perkawinan usia anak. Perkawinan usia anak merupakan salah satu permasalahan remaja yang mengancam terwujudnya hak-hak dasar anak. Tingginya kasus perkawinan anak dapat disebabkan oleh kurangnya pengetahuan remaja, yang menyebabkan remaja bersikap negatif. Pengetahuan dan sikap remaja tentang perkawinan anak dapat ditingkatkan melalui penyuluhan menggunakan video edukasi.
Desain penelitian ini adalah quasi eksperimen dengan one group pretest and posttest design. Sampel penelitian berjumlah 55 siswa dengan teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan simple random sampling. Analisis data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan uji Wilcoxon. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan dari intervensi video edukasi yang diberikan, dimana terjadi peningkatan pengetahuan dan sikap tentang perkawinan  usia anak (p-value < 0,001).
Intervensi melalui video edukasi dapat meningkatkan pengetahuan dan sikap remaja tentang perkawinan usia anak..
The future of work and capital: analyzing AGI in a CES production model
Authors: Stiefenhofer Pascal
Published: February 2025

The integration of Artificial General Intelligence (AGI) into economic production represents a transformative shift with profound implications for labor markets, income distribution, and technological growth. This study extends the Constant Elasticity of Substitution (CES) production function to incorporate AGI-driven labor and capital alongside traditional inputs, providing a comprehensive framework for analyzing AGI's economic impact.

Four key models emerge from this framework. First, we examine the substitution and complementarity between AGI labor and human labor, identifying conditions under which AGI augments or displaces human workers. Second, we analyze how AGI capital accumulation influences wage structures and income distribution, highlighting potential disruptions to labor-based earnings. Third, we explore long-run equilibrium dynamics, demonstrating how an economy dominated by AGI capital may lead to the collapse of human wages and necessitate redistributive mechanisms. Finally, we assess the impact of AGI on total factor productivity, showing that technological growth depends on whether AGI serves as a complement to or a substitute for human labor.

Our findings underscore the urgent need for policy interventions to ensure economic stability and equitable wealth distribution in an AGI-driven economy. Without appropriate regulatory measures, rising inequality and weakened aggregate demand could lead to economic stagnation despite technological advancements. Moreover this research suggests a renegotiation of the Social Contract.
Tests to verify the results of treatment with an ultraviolet (UV) ray procedure on various types of fabric
Authors: Magnolfi Laura , Giusti Alessio
Published: February 2025

The project "VERIFICATION TESTS OF THE RESULTS FROM THE TREATMENT OF AN ULTRAVIOLET (UV) RAY PROCEDURE ON VARIOUS TYPES OF FABRIC" by the Company RTP RIFINZIONE TESSILE PRATESE SRL, developed in 2019, is placed in an extremely innovative context; in fact, both for the specific structure and corporate philosophy of the Company, linked to innovation, a new innovative product has been created in accordance with the criteria set out in the Oslo and Frascati manuals. As can be seen from the experimentation, the elements of innovation are linked to various components that have determined a series of preliminary studies and tests for their operation. The innovative elements are enclosed in various specific components which are listed below as an example:
One of these particular "treatments" of the fabrics consists in the use of a machine purchased by R.P.T. S.r.l. a few years ago as a "prototype" (called SUN WASH), which allows various types of fabrics to more or less intense ultraviolet rays (UV rays) and to vary the duration of the process, in such a way as to intervene on the shade of the colors <le fabrics. R.T.P. S.r.l. has therefore designed and developed a program of experimental tests aimed at determining what type of results are obtained on various types of fabric through the different UV ray treatment methods that the machine is able to operate.
“A New Project of Jewish Colonization in the Sudan”: Ashkenazi Refugees and the Ottoman Jewish Liberal Opposition (1906–1908)
Authors: Benattar Ilan
Published: February 2025

Abstract: In late 1906, as part of a broader political campaign against the Ottoman Chief Rabbinate and allied communal elites, editor Abraham Galante (1873–1961) of the Cairo-based Ladino journal La Vara (The staff; 1905–8) first offered a unique proposal pertaining to an urgent question facing global Jewish life: Where should Jews, no longer safe in their lands of birth, direct their migration? Galante, who would later become known as a leading scholar of Jewish history in the Ottoman Empire, was at this point an educator, journalist, and liberal communal activist. With the support of a network of correspondents and sympathetic allies, Galante attempted to polemicize in favor of the Anglo-Egyptian Sudan as a location with all the prerequisites for successful Jewish colonization. This essay offers a close study of the life of this idea, the factors that gave it traction, and its significance for the study of late Ottoman Jewish communal politics.
Of Mice and Hasidic Men: Reb Shayele as Populist Patron Saint
Authors: Shuman Sam
Published: February 2025

Abstract: This article focuses on an emergent, transnational Hasidic revival movement centered around the Kerestirer Rebbe, Yeshaya Steiner (Shayele), a Hungarian miracle worker who lived in Hungary from 1851 to 1925. His iconic portrait is commonly associated with mystical protection against the infestation of rodents in Jewish homes and businesses. I reveal how this is only one small piece of his broader populist appeal, however. I do this by interweaving hagiographic texts, Hasidic social media, and ethnography with anthropological theory and political theology on hospitality, sovereignty, and patronage. I contend that Shayele operates as a populist patron saint of protection against other “intruders” into everyday Hasidic life (e.g., police, inspectors, and judges). In invoking the sovereign authority of a dead Hasidic master, Shayele’s male followers talk back, quite literally, to power—held by multiple social actors and distributed across multiple jurisdictions, including living Hasidic leaders and state authorities. Rather than rehearsing a normative cosmopolitan account of hospitality, which frames hospitality as a series of rights endowed to the stranger, I reframe hospitality as a site of mediation between human, metahuman, and divine actors. Hospitality offers guests refuge from a world always imagined as hostile and exterior to it; the saint, as a threshold figure, polices boundaries, protecting welcome intruders (guests) from unwelcome intruders (enemies). While largely dormant for nearly a century, this revival movement shares a common political grammar with a resurgent populist politics. His hospitality extends to patrons, cronies, and friends; his sovereign authority shields patrons from (common) enemies and from consequences.
Political Remediations in Interactive Fiction: Emily Short and Liza Daly’s First Draft of the Revolution
Authors: Vanderborg Susan
Published: February 2025

Abstract: This essay reads Emily Short and Liza Daly’s First Draft of the Revolution (2012) as a leading example of recent digital interactive fiction that uses remediations for political critique. The clashes and contradictions in First Draft ’s remediations of paper texts are where the piece discloses the propaganda of a suppressive regime as well as challenges the idea of a new medium’s immanent revolutionary potential. The essay briefly traces interactive fiction’s development as a genre grounded in remediation and concludes by placing First Draft in context of related interactive “complicity” texts and other political directions for the genre’s future remediations.
Zoopraxiscope to Nope : A Case for Nonhuman Cinema Historiography
Authors: Ostroski Clare
Published: February 2025

Abstract: This article examines the ontologies of blackness, animality, and technology in Jordan Peele’s Nope (2022). It argues that Nope ’s CGI alien both engages and resists canonized film histories of material and discursive humanness, demonstrating the medium’s complex relationships between humanness and not. By tracing interlocking logics of racism, spectacular technology, and animal exploitation, the article seeks to undo notions of cinema as inherently “human,” arguing that Nope ’s aesthetic and epistemological collapses of body, machine, alien, animal, and human can open more possibilities for cinematic ontology and historiography.
Mediatization via Mourning and Vice Versa: Television, Mass Grief, and Liveness in Kerala
Authors: K Muhsina K , Kumar Akshaya
Published: February 2025

Abstract: This article engages with the corporeal and mediated intensities of mourning publics at celebrity funerals in Kerala, attended both in person and via TV and other live-streaming platforms. Live coverage transforms discrete emotional valences of these events into monumental media spectacles, consolidating an affective economy of grief based on the expression of “liveness” in all its urgency. This urgent expression results from the historical transition from traditional to new media in digital environments over the last two decades. Spectacles of “liveness” are key to understanding the cultural dynamics of mass participation in Kerala, which often abjures the general South Indian public’s enthusiasm for celebrities. Emotional eruptions at mass funeral processions form a melodramatic counterbalance to the “rational,” realist Malayali public sphere, which is proved, by such displays, to be an inadequate lens for viewing cultural self-definitions within popular discourses in Kerala.
Dossier Pédagogique: Le règne animal (Thomas Cailley, 2023)
Authors: Degroult Nathalie , Bissière Michèle , Brunet Marie-Line
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACT: Ce dossier pédagogique accompagne le “Bilan cinématographique 2023–2024: Anatomie d’une Palme (d’or).” Avec Le règne animal , Cailley imagine un futur proche dans lequel un phénomène mystérieux transforme certains humains en animaux. Touché par la maladie de sa femme, François (Romain Duris) doit composer un nouveau quotidien pour son fils, lui-même en pleine mutation. Ce film fantastique permet d’aborder des sujets pertinents tels que l’adolescence et ses défis, les relations filiales, la peur de l’autre et la discrimination, et les conséquences du réchauffement climatique.
“The Workers Must Strive if the Butterflies Must Live”: Ethel Mannin’s Love’s Winnowing , the Socialist Romance Novel, and British Working-Class Women
Authors: Timlin Carrie
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACT: With rare exceptions, studies on author and activist Ethel Mannin have focused on her political non-fiction despite a broad consensus that many of her novels and short stories were vehicles for Socialist ideology. Her novelette “Love’s Winnowing” is a seminal example of how Socialist authors, and Mannin in particular, subverted the romance to political ends. Blurring the line between cultural commentary and popular fiction, Mannin’s nuanced integration of the experiences of working-class women in the story provides a window into the lives and concerns of its target audience, the connection between literature and its socio-political context, and the dialectic between aesthetics and class politics in interwar Britain. If Mannin’s fiction is detached from her politics, scholarship on it will remain incomplete. The same can be said for work that focuses on her politics, neglecting her fiction. Drawing on the popularity of the romance and the political affordances of a genre that occupied a controversial place in working-class communities, Mannin spoke to an intimately gendered politics located firmly within working-class women’s experience, not by overtly stating her aims, but by inviting a group of socially situated readers to draw on their familiarity with cultural codes to interpret her narrative creatively.
Comparative metabolic profiling of resistant and susceptible mungbean (Vigna radiata L. Wilczek) genotypes to elucidate the defense response against mungbean yellow mosaic virus (MYMV) disease
Authors: Nivethitha T , Babu C , Jayamani P
Published: February 2025

Mungbean Yellow Mosaic Virus (MYMV) disease significantly impacts mungbean crop productivity, with the losses ranging from 10 to 100 percent. Developing host plant resistance offers a sustainable solution to mitigate this challenge. The metabolic changes underlying resistance to MYMV remain primarily unexplored in mungbean. The present study used nontargeted metabolomic profiling to analyze the comparative metabolic changes in resistant and susceptible genotypes upon disease incidence. The methanol extract of leaf samples collected from MYMV disease resistant (GAM 5) and susceptible (ADT 3) genotypes upon occurrence of MYMV disease were subjected to gas chromatography – mass spectrophotometry (GC-MS) analysis. Metabolic profiling resulted in the identification of 40 and 49 metabolites in resistant and susceptible genotypes, respectively. The fold change analysis revealed that 12 metabolites showed significant differences in the abundance level between resistant and susceptible genotypes. Out of 12, nine metabolites were significantly up-regulated in the resistant genotype compared to the susceptible genotype. For all the up-regulated metabolites except Erythrodiol, their role in plant-pathogen interaction was identified as either antimicrobial (ethylene glycol, chlorogenic acid, trifolin), antiviral activity (diphenyl sulfone, 2-amino oxazole), antifeedant (betulin), changes in the specific biochemical and structural property (xylose) or involvement in signaling cascade (oleic acid). These metabolites act as a metabolic biomarker; their interaction with specific molecular targets associated with MYMV infection can be further examined and utilized to rapidly develop MYMV-resistant cultivars in mungbean.
Design of a vertically stacked double Luneburg lens-based beam-scanning antenna at 60 GHz
Authors: Alhumaidan Ahmed , Vettikalladi Hamsakutty , Bahammam Meshal , Alrashied Tariq , Alkanhal Majeed
Published: February 2025

This article presents the design of a 60 GHz beam-scanning antenna system with a coverage range of 50–100 m for high-speed indoor communication systems. The design incorporates beam-scanning techniques to meet the coverage requirements while minimizing system cost and size. The system comprises a substrate-integrated waveguide for stable operation, a printed log periodic dipole array operating at 60 GHz with a 10 GHz bandwidth (54–67 GHz), which provides a 6.99 dB directivity. Adding a vertically stacked double Luneburg lens improves pattern coverage performance and increases the system directivity to 17 dBi (14.8 dB gain) with a 4.6° beam width. With 37 source antennas, it can provide a total beam coverage area of 170°, which is highly suitable for future high-speed indoor communication.
Synergistic effect of nano-silica, steel slag, and waste glass on the microstructure, electrical resistivity, and strength of ultra-high-performance concrete
Authors: Mohammed Abbas J. , Hassan Maan S. , Al-Quraishi Hussein
Published: February 2025

This study examined the microstructure characteristics, electrical resistivity (ER), and mechanical properties of ultra-high-performance concrete (UHPC) made with nano-silica (NS), electric arc furnace slag (EAFS), and waste glass powder (WGP). Eight concrete mixtures of binary and ternary blends were assessed to investigate the possible relationships between the observed physical and microstructural features with the obtained compressive and flexural strengths. The individual and combined effects of NS, EAFS (up to 50% replacement of silica sand), and WGP (up to 30% cement replacement) on the examined properties were evaluated. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermogravimetric (TG) analysis, X-ray diffraction (XRD), ER, and pH values, and measurements were employed. SEM examination indicated that using NS along with EAFS and WGP reduced gap space around the fiber, and the enormous single cracks turned into numerous small cracks, thereby improving bonding and flexural strength. TG and XRD studies supported this finding. The ER for the EAFS specimens was enhanced without compromising the alkalinity range of concrete, as proved by pH tests, which address the possible corrosion problem of reinforcement. Thus, sustainable UHPC is achievable.
Graphene-based tunable dual-band polarization sensitive absorber for applications in the terahertz regime
Authors: Mazaheri Muhammad Hani , Maab Husnul , Rahim Arbab Abdur
Published: February 2025

This paper proposes a tunable dual-band polarization-sensitive absorber that displays two distinct absorptance peaks for two different polarized incident lights. The proposed absorber uses graphene as the material for the metasurface to utilize its tunable surface conductivity for achieving a tunable resonant frequency. The tunable absorber displayed two distinct absorption peaks for two separately polarized incident waves. For x-polarized incident light, the proposed absorber displayed perfect absorptance for a tunable bandwidth of 3 THz between 2.85 THz and 5.85 THz, and for y-polarized incident light, the proposed absorber displayed perfect absorptance for a tunable bandwidth of 1.5 THz between 11 THz and 12.5 THz. Numerical computations were performed with extremely fine mesh quality to study the absorptance spectrum of the proposed absorber for different Fermi energy levels, incident angles, and azimuthal angle of incidence. The proposed absorber displays appreciative characteristics which makes it a suitable candidate for energy harvesting, polarization detection, and polarization conversion of unpolarized light.