bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Diretrizes para o desenvolvimento da competência em informação para bibliotecas públicas com foco nas pessoas em situação de rua
Authors: Spudeit Daniela Fernanda Assis de Oliveira , Vitorino Elizete Vieira
Published: May 2023

Propõe diretrizes para o desenvolvimento da competência em informação nas pessoas em situação de rua para o acesso e uso de informações em bibliotecas públicas. Caracteriza-se como pesquisa aplicada, com abordagem qualitativa, de natureza descritiva, e, exploratória. Quanto aos meios e fins utilizados foi uma pesquisa bibliográfica e envolveu coleta de dados por meio de entrevistas com pessoas em situação de rua atendidas na Passarela da Cidadania pelo Núcleo de Recuperação e Reabilitação de Vidas (NURREVI), instituição sem fins lucrativos conveniada a Prefeitura de Florianópolis, Santa Catarina. Para tratamento dos dados, utilizou-se a técnica de análise de conteúdo de Bardin. Como resultados, apresenta-se as diretrizes baseadas em quatro categorias que envolvem a equipe, a estrutura física das bibliotecas públicas, as parcerias, as necessidades e as dificuldades das pessoas em situação de rua, para que gestores e equipes de bibliotecas públicas possam desenvolver um programa de competência em informação para esse grupo de pessoas. Além disso, apresenta-se também um modelo para desenvolvimento da competência em informação para esse grupo socialmente vulnerável, a partir de seis etapas, pautado na dimensão técnica. Conclui que seja possível instrumentalizar as equipes de bibliotecas públicas para planejar programas de competência em informação direcionados para pessoas em situação de rua. Espera-se que essa pesquisa contribua para minimizar a vulnerabilidade das pessoas em situação de rua por meio da proposta de ações que podem ser promovidas por bibliotecas públicas no que tange ao acesso e uso da informação para a construção do conhecimento, identidade e autonomia, de modo a permitir a efetiva inclusão social desse grupo de pessoas em situação de vulnerabilidade social.
Focus on Miniatures
Authors: Fraser Theresa
Published: May 2023

This feature is written by Theresa Fraser, Associate Editor. This month the focus is on the use and meaning of the wishing well. Sand therapists from the UK, USA, and Isreal participated.
DEVELOPMENT OF ELECTRONIC MODULES USING PROFESSIONAL PDF FLIP ON MEASUREMENT MATERIALS
Authors: Chen Diki , Srimadona Agus
Published: May 2023

This study aimed to determine the results of the development of electronic modules on measurement material and student's perceptions of the product being developed. The type of research conducted is R&D research with the development model selected, namely the 4-D development model. The research samples used were two expert lecturers as product assessors and 25 students as samples whose perceptions were measured. The sampling technique used was purposive sampling, with the instruments used being a student needs questionnaire, material validation, media validation, and student perceptions. The data analysis for the questionnaire is descriptive statistics, while the instrument data validation uses reliability and validity tests. The results of the data obtained indicate that the product is feasible to use and can be accessed using a mobile phone via the link provided by the author, while the perception of the electronic module obtained shows a very good perception. Thus, this module is considered feasible and ready to be used to assist students in understanding.
TBLA (TRANSCRIPT BASED LESSON ANALYSIS) UNTUK MENGANALISIS KONSTRUKSI PENGETAHUAN SISWA PADA MATERI BESARAN DAN PENGUKURAN
Authors: Rizkika Rizkika , Susanti Nova , Rasmi Dian Pertiwi
Published: May 2023

Penelitian ini tentang bagaimana konsep konstruksi pengetahuan siswa pada pembelajaran. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan TBLA (Transcript Based Lesson Analysis) sebagai upya untuk peningkastan pembelajaran di SMA Negeri 7 Kota Jambi. Model TBLA memberikan analisis untuk masukan pembelajaran melalui transkrip dialog pembelajaran. Langkah-langkah dalam penelitian ini yaitu: tahap perencanaan (plan), tahap pelaksanaan (do), dan tahap refleksi (see). Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di SMA Negeri 7 Kota Jambi. Adapun konstruksi pengetahuan siswa yang terjadi selama proses pembelajaran adalah interrogative (Q) yaitu menanyakan opini, informasi, saran atau klarifikasi. Pada indikator responsive (A) yaitu menjawab pertanyaan atau memberikan klarifikasi. Pada indikator suggestive (S) yaitu memberikan saran yang berhubungan dengan topik diskusi. Pada indikator informative (I) yaitu memberikan informasi berhubungan dengan topik diskusi. Pada indikator exemplification (EX) yaitu memberikan contoh konkret/nyata. Pada indikator elaborative (EL) yaitu mengembangkan lebih jauh informasi, saran, atau contoh. Pada indikator justificational (JT) yaitu membenarkan informasi, saran atau contoh.
PENGARUH MODEL DISCOVERY LEARNING BERBANTUAN MEDIA ANIMASI DAN SIMULASI TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR IPA SISWA
Authors: Bara Ferdiyanto Marnolius , Harso Aloisius , Astro Richardo Barry
Published: May 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh model discovery learning berbantuan media animasi terhadap hasil belajar siswa kelas VIII SMPK St Gabriel Ndona tahun pelajaran 2022/2023.

            Jenis penelitian pre-eksperimen design (One Shoot Case Study) dengan pendekatan kuantitatif, teknik pengambilan data berupa tes objektif. Populasi yang diambil dalam penelitian ini yaitu siswa kelas VIII semester 1 SMPK St Gabriel Ndona dan sampel penelitian berjumlah 32 siswa yang diperoleh dari teknik sampling jenuh. Sesuai hasil analisis menggunakan aplikasi SPSS-V24 maka hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa model discovery learning berpengaruh terhadap hasil belajar IPA siswa kelas VIII SMPK St Gabriel Ndona. Hal ini ditunjukan dengan hasil analisis data untuk hasil belajar IPA dengan taraf sig. 0,05 , tingkat kepercayaan 95% dan nilai thitung = 5,838 sehingga memperoleh nilai sig. 0.00 < 0.05
A STUDY OF PBL-BASED LEARNING FOR INCREASING STUDENT’S CRITICAL THINKING SKILLS AT STATE MADRASAH ALIYAH
Authors: Destianti Alfika , Antoni Rizal
Published: May 2023

This research is motivated by the ability of students to understand and apply the concept of static fluid. This study aimed to describe the PBL, improve critical thinking skills, and describe the increased ability to understand the concept of static fluid in class nine students at MAN2 Indragiri Hilir with the application of PBL. This study uses a descriptive qualitative approach to the type of Classroom Action Research. The action given was in the form of applying a PBL, carried out in two cycles. The activities of each cycle include planning, action, observation, and reflection. The subjects in the study were class nine students at the MAN 2 Indragiri Hilir, with a total of 13 students. The research instruments included: lesson plans and worksheets, PBL implementation sheets, field note formats, process skills observation sheets, and end-of-cycle tests. The study results show that applying the PBL can improve students' critical thinking skills at MAN 2 Indragiri Hilir. The analysis results show an increase in critical thinking aspects. Namely, in the first cycle, the average value is 80.80 with good criteria, and the second cycle has an average value of 93.00 with very good criteria.
Isogloss of Mandaya lexemes: Looking into their linguistic variations
Authors: Galvez Lilibeth
Published: May 2023

The Philippine ethnologue has a dearth of data on the dialects of the dominant ethno-linguistic group in Davao Oriental, Philippines, the Mandaya.  These are among the indigenous people inhabiting in the area. In an attempt to propagate their existence, this qualitative study which employs an ethnographic approach has presented a linguistic analysis on the lexical categories of the Mandaya language. This was conducted in the six municipalities and one city in the province of Davao Oriental; Mati City, Tarragona, Manay, Caraga, Baganga, Cateel, and Boston. Results reveal that their lexicon is similar with the different Englishes and other languages of the world. The Mandaya exhibited language variation from Mati to Boston, Davao Oriental. These lexemes show morphological, phonological, and even orthographical variations among the seven localities. The distinctions of the Mandaya lexemes mark their geographical and social identity, since people who are most likely to talk to one another may possess similar linguistic utterance. Hence, variations of this ethno-language are attributed to geographical and social factors.
Agritourism: Its Potentials in Davao Oriental
Authors: Alzate Jessie
Published: May 2023

This study established baseline information about the potential agritourism sites in the five (5) selected areas in Davao Oriental. Forty (40) outstanding farmer awardees were interviewed and their farms were documented through still photos and small format video footages to establish the characteristics of their farms in terms of attractiveness, amenities, activities, and accessibility.  Potential agritourism farms had an area of 5-10 hectares while others had either below 1 hectare to less than 5 hectares; accessible to all types of land transportation and can be reached with an average of 1-10 minutes. Attractive features include plains, coastal, rivers, and upland terrains planted mainly with coconuts and other agricultural crops and farmers raised live stocks and poultry. Activities in the farms were mostly educational tours among students and other farmers who want to learn agricultural technologies and organic-based farming practices. Farm owners mainly derived their income from agricultural production hence; economic benefit from agritourism was not evident. Amenities were limited; however, the sites were mostly provided with drinking water and restrooms. Word-of-mouth was the major means of promoting the potential agritourism sites, thus mass and social media remained untapped communication channels in for promoting agritourism sites.
Penerimaan Orangtua Terhadap Anak Penyandang Disabilitas Cerebral Palsy Di Sekolah Luar Biasa Bagian D Yayasan Pembinaan Anak Cacat Bandung
Authors: Faisyahril Ria , Tri Raharjo Santoso , Wibowo Hery
Published: May 2023

Penerimaan orang tua terhadap anak penyandang disabilitas cerebral palsy meliputi pemberian kasih sayang, perhatian, dan kesempatan dari orang tua kepada anak. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui: 1) Karakteristik subjek, 2) Pemberian kasih sayang, 3) Pemberian perhatian, 4) Pemberian kesempatan, dan 5) Harapan subjek terhadap penerimaan orang tua. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode penelitian kualitatif. Sumber data yang digunakan adalah sumber data primer dan sekunder. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah wawancara mendalam, observasi partisipatif, dan studi dokumentasi. Teknik pemeriksaan keabsahan data yang digunakan adalah uji kredibilitas, uji transferabilitas, uji depenabilitas, dan uji konfirmabilitas. Selanjutnya, hasil penelitian dianalisis dengan menggunakan teknik analisis kualitatif. Hasil penelitian telah menunjukkan adanya kasih sayang dan kesempatan dari orang tua kepada anak penyandang disabilitas cerebral palsy. Namun, belum menunjukkan adanya perhatian orang tua terhadap anak penyandang disabilitas cerebral palsy. Berkaitan dengan hal tersebut, maka ditawarkan program "Pelatihan Keterampilan Pengasuhan Bagi Orang Tua yang Memiliki Anak Penyandang Disabilitas Cerebral Palsy di Sekolah Luar Biasa Bagian D Yayasan Pembinaan Anak Cacat Bandung.
Konstruksi Pustaka Metagenom Prokariot Dari Permukaan Eucheuma Cottonii Untuk Mencari Gen Penyandi Κ-Karaginase
Authors: Nafisah Zahrotun , Baktir Afaf , Pereiz Zimon
Published: May 2023

κ-Karaginan adalah koloid hidrofilik yang diekstrak dari makroalga Eucheuma cottonii. κ-karaginan mempunyai berat molekul yang sangat besar sehingga pemanfaatannya terbatas. Namun, dalam bentuk Carrageenan Oligosaccharide (COs), κ-karaginan mempunyai aktivitas fisik dan biologi yang bervariasi, termasuk anti tumor, anti oksidan dan anti angiogenik. Enzim κ-karaginase berperan memutus ikatan β-(1,4) pada κ-karaginan untuk menghasilkan κ-COs (κ-carrageenan oligosaccharide). Ada berbagai macam bakteri yang hidup di permukaan Eucheuma cottonii, namun hanya ada 1% bakteri yang dapat dikultur. Metode alternatif untuk eksplorasi bakteri di alam adalah metode metagenomik. Dalam penelitian ini dilakukan eksplorasi gen κ-karaginase dari DNA metagenom prokariot yang menempel di permukaan Eucheuma cottonii. Konstruksi pustaka metagenom prokariot dilakukan terhadap kumpulan fragmen DNA hasil digesti dengan enzim restriksi SfiI. Kemudian fragmen DNA diligasi dengan fag λTriplEx2 dan dilakukan penentuan titer. Titer tertinggi didapatkan dari campuran ligasi dengan perbandingan DNA dan fag yaitu 3:2 sebesar 10,3 x 107. Kemudian plak positif diekspresikan melalui E.coli BM25,8 untuk mencari gen penyandi enzim κ-karaginase. Aktivitas positif enzim κ-karaginase ditandai dengan terbentuknya daerah halo. Kemudian klon rekombinan yang membentuk halo dikultivasi untuk produksi enzim κ-karaginase, dan diuji aktivitasnya untuk menentukan suhu dan pH optimum. Berdasarkan uji aktivitas ekstrak κ-karaginase terhadap suhu dan pH didapatkan 4 profil suhu dan pH optimum yang berbeda, dengan demikian telah didapatkan 4 macam gen penyandi enzim κ-karaginase.
Management of Cash and Marketable Securities and its Impact in Small and Medium Financial Intermediaries’
Authors:   Department of Business Education, Federal College of Education Odugbo, Benue State, Nigeria, Abdulhakeem Abdulraheem Oluwanisola
Published: May 2023

Management of Cash and Marketable Securities and its Impact in Small and Medium Financial Intermediaries’ activities ABDULRAHEEM, A. O. Department of Business Education, Federal College of Education Odugbo, Benue State, Nigeria Abstract In a business, anything done financially affects cash eventually. Cash to a business is what blood is to living body. The study sought to identify the management of cash and marketable securities and its impact in small and medium financial intermediaries’ activities. The study highlights how cash management constitutes major parts of firms’ activities, what are the problems usually encountered by the investors in term of government policy, and how does discounting of securities before its maturity period affect profit earning in a financial intermediary? The population of the study comprises of all small and medium financial intermediaries, these include cooperative societies and micro finance banks in Katsina metropolis. Systematic sampling techniques were used to select a sample of two as research subject. The study utilized questionnaires divided into two sections for data collection. Descriptive statistics were used to analyse the quantitative data and the analysed data was reported using frequency distributions, and percentages. The study established that cash management constitutes a major area of financial intermediaries operations. It reads that bank rate policy is not so effective in controlling credit and the investment of excess or surplus cash in marketable securities minimize cost arising from cash shortages. It was however recommended that the financial intermediaries should determine in their budget what the optimal level of cash should be for the year. That once the minimum cash balance has been established, short term investment policy for any cash surplus can be determined. That the financial intermediaries should set up strategies toward the attainments of the minimum or optimal cash level to avoid the shortage of cash because such shortage of cash could lead the intermediaries into an embarrassing situation.
Microbial Biotechnology for Sustainable Agriculture,Horticulture and Forestry
Authors: Bagyaraj D.J.
Published: May 2023

Microbial Biotechnology is wide-ranging, multi-disciplinary activities which include recombinant DNA techniques, cloning and the application of microbes to the production of goods from bread to antibiotics.  This book is an attempt to highlight the significant aspects of the vast subject area of microbial biotechnology likes bioinformatics tool for PCR primer designing, fungal biotransformations, bioremediation by microbes, natural products from fungi, microbial diversity  etc to provide a complete overview of the subject. It also addresses the role of bacterial plasmid in xenobiotic degradation, antimicrobial resistance in bacteria, ultraviolet-B radiation effect on microbes and human health.  The book will be valuable to the researchers, biologist, microbiologist, scientists, post graduate students of microbiology, agriculture, biotechnology and medical science also.
Organic Farming
Authors: Singh A.K.
Published: May 2023

Organic Farming presents basic principles and practices of organic farming. The chapters systematically cover- 1. Concepts and relevance of organic farming 2. Organic production requirement 3. Biological intensive nutrient management 4. Integrated pests, disease and weed management 5. Quality control standards and certification 6. Organic market opportunities 7. Frequently asked questions and answers: This book fulfils the needs of students studying in agricultural colleges and universities and a standing guidance to the teachers for teaching organic farming in the new concept of agriculture education and development.
Phyto-Nematodes in Crops: Their Identification,Treatment and Management
Authors: Sharma G.L.
Published: May 2023

This book deals with total 11 s of which, some are related to the thrusts caused by the phytonematodes and their managements in cereals, forage, pulses, seed spices, horticultural and plantation crops. In some of these, the protective cultivation and interaction between nematode and phytopathogens have also been dealt. Coverage of this book is with recent literature pertinent to the related topics and their compilation also made by subject learned scientist. It is to hope that this book will be serving as a good reference book to the subject related researchers and scientists.
Milk and Milk Processing: Vol.01: Dairy Technology
Authors: Singh Shivashraya
Published: May 2023

Safety is a matter of concern for human. Unsafe food has posed considerable health problems from time immemorial and many food safety problems encountered today are not new. The governments all over the world are doing their best to improve the safety of food supply. This book is presented with a view to provide the students on the various importance of clean milk production, handling and processing to public health. The book gives in a nutshell the importance of adopting various practices for a holistic approach towards safe market milk and milk products. The description of spoilage and pathogenic organism will help the students to think in terms of investigating food contamination and thus their preventive and control measures. The experiments given in the laboratory manual are meant to train the students in the microbiological aspect and safety of food.
Organic Farming & Sustainable Development Technology: Vol.02Hi Tech Horticulture Omm
Authors: Tyagi Sachin
Published: May 2023

Horticulture plays an important part in today's agriculture and there are new avenues that are being achieved by horticulture. The subject has transformed from only being about vegetables, fruits, flowers and postharvest technology and has moved towards disease, breeding, pathology, physiology, greenhouse technologies and other areas which were never heard for. The book series: Hi-Tech Horticulture has been worked out keeping the above mentioned issues in mind with contribution by eminent professors and scientists. The volumes on: 1. Crop Improvement Nursery and Rootstock Management 2. Organic Farming and Sustainable Development Techniques 3. Improved Production Techniques 4. Plant Protection and Stress Management 5. Value Addition and Post-Harvest Management 6. Advance Techniques
Modern Methods in Plant Physiology
Authors: Srivastava Girish Chand
Published: May 2023

The latest and most commonly used methods of assay of important enzymes associated with carbon, nitrogen, protein and lipid metabolism. Estimation of various plant pigments and micro and macro elements. Quantification of plant hormones like IAA, ABA, GA and Ethylene.  Techniques of DNA and RNA estimation, Slab Gel Electrophoresis and Western Blot analysis of plant proteins. Methods to study plant biomass and plant-water relationship.   Methods to measure photosynthesis and respiration.   Method for preparation of common buffe Working principles and operation techniques of a few analytical equipments like Infra-Red Gas Analyzer (IRGA), Gas Liquid Chromatograph (GLC), Psychrometer, Pressure bomb/pressure chamber, flame photometer, atomic absorption spectrophotometer, Leaf Area Meter and Oxygen electrode. This book is useful for students in botany, plant physiology, biochemistry, horticulture, agronomy and other cognate disciplines and other research workers."
Objective Agriculture Statistics
Authors: Kushwaha K.S.
Published: May 2023

The book entitled Objective Agriculture Statistics has been designed for all P.G. Students of Pure Statistics, Agricultural Statistics. Biological and Social Sciences and those who have to appear in competitive examinations of' I.S.S., S.S.S., I.A.S., State's P.S.C.'s. This book is useful for faculties of Department Statistics of Indian Universities. The book is the outcome of 26 years of Teaching I.G., P.G. and Ph. D. students of different disciplines of Agriculture, Agil. Engg and Agril. Statistics, in J.N.K.V.V. Jabalpur. The content of the book covers the syllabus on the Topics The Theory of Sample Survey Design, Designs of eperiment. ANOVA, ANCOVA Techniques, Transformation of Original Data and Non Parametric Methods. The book contains 19 chapters, out of which chapters (1-8) deal with The Theory of Sample Survey Design, the chapters (9-17) deal with Designs of Experiments and chapters (1X and 19) deal with Transformation and Non Parametric Methods. In each chapter, three types of question True/False, Fill in the Blanks and Multiple choice questions along with the key answers have been provided.
Nutritional Disorders in Fruit Crops: Diagnosis and Management
Authors: Prakash M.
Published: May 2023

Diagnosis involves careful observation of crop with a thorough knowledge of crop behaviour as well as a complete understanding of functions of nutrients and their deficiency symptoms. Diagnostic techniques vary from crop to crop depending upon the field condition in which the deficiency occurs. Indian agriculture has entered into an era of multiple nutrient deficiencies. Realizing the gravity of emerging problem of nutrient deficiencies and to fulfill an immediate need to tackle them more efficiently, a guide on diagnosis of nutritional disorders and their corrections in crop plants has been prepared. All the new diagnostic techniques have been discussed in a simple language. The book has been designed in such a way as to improve the knowledge on diagnosis of deficiencies of mineral elements essential for normal plant growth, and of the methods by which such deficiencies may most effectively be remedied. The main feature of this book is the detailed description of the various visual deficiency symptoms exhibited by the fruit crops. The book has been written primarily for the use of the students of Horticulture and Agriculture to help uate their knowledge on nutritional and physiological disorders of fruit crops. It is also felt that the book will provide a suitable basis for those engaged in the profession of agriculture like extension workers and progressive farmers. We hope that this book will go a long way to help in increased fruit production by proper diagnosis and suitable correction of nutritional disorders in fruit crops.
Objective Guide in Entomology
Authors: Sharma Devinder
Published: May 2023

The book entitled Objective Guide in Entomology embodies a fairly comprehensive treatment of the objective type questions on Basic and Applied Agricultural Entomology. This book covers the: Entire field of entomology step by step in the form of questions and answers to be specifically useful for interviews viva-voce comprehensive preliminary examinations etc. Book consists of different objective type questions like multiple choice on the various topics like systematics, Taxonomy Morphology, Embryology, Physiology, Ecology, Biological control, Toxicology. Host plant resistance, Innovative approaches in pest control, Integrated pest management, pesticides application equipments, pests of various crops and their management, pests of stored product and their management, pests of stored product and their management, arthropod vectors of plant diseases, apiculture, sericulture, Lac insect and other useful insects. This book will be of great help in recollecting vast knowledge within a short time to meet the requirement of students appearing in ASRB and other competitive examinations multiple choice objective type questions have also been farmed and appended at the end of the book. The book would have useful to students preparation for various competitive examinations conducted by Indian Council of Agricultural Research-JRF, Agricultural Scientific Recruitment Board-ARS/NET, National Academy of Agricultural Research Management-SRF, Indian Agricultural Research Institute- PG/Ph.D. Entrance, Union Public Service Commission, SAUs Entrance and Allied Agricultural Examinations and also useful to teachers.
New Engineering Technologies for Modern Farming
Authors: Rathore N.S. , Panwar N.L.
Published: May 2023

Agriculture is an important source of survival for all living beings because it produces food, feed, fiber, fertilizer and fuel. Modern agriculture evolving various innovative farming techniques improves farmers' income, increase efficiency, help in conservation of natural resources such as water, soil, and energy etc. To secure future of humankind, more emphasis is given to soil and water engineering. Soil and water will play a key role to produce sufficient food for growing population in future.  Advancement  in  the  field  of  science  and  technology  is  the  driving  force  of advance  research  in  the  field  of  Indian  Agriculture,  which  will  enable  the Indian farmers to feed the growing population. This book is written with aim to understand the engineering inputs in modern agriculture for improving production, productivity & profitability.
Plant Cytology and Genetics
Authors: Sharma Vijay , Kamaluddin
Published: May 2023

The present book is an attempt to give an understanding of the basic concepts and practical approach of the Cytology and Genetics. It covers all the spheres regarding cytology and genetics like information on microscope, cell division, Mendelian principle of heredity, linkage and their detection, gene mapping through recombination, multiple alleles, gene interaction and probability. The practical outlined in this manual will benefit the students and teachers of Biological and Agricultural Sciences.
Ornamental Gardening and Landscaping
Authors: Kannan M , Ranchana P. , Vinodh S.
Published: May 2023

The book covers all the basic and latest information on Ornamental Gardening & Landscaping in an easy and understandable language. The book covers all the information and will be useful to all related to the field.
Regeneration dynamics of Portulacaria afra in restored succulent thicket of South Africa
Authors: Galuszynski Nicholas C.
Published: May 2023

Introduction

Over-grazing by livestock has resulted in the widespread degradation of South Africa’s succulent thicket ecosystems. This is characterised by a significant reduction in the cover of the dominant succulent shrub, Portulacaria afra. Because this species is unable to regenerate naturally in degraded habitat, active reintroduction is required to restore ecosystem function. However, reintroduction success is relatively low, and the recruitment barriers for this species are poorly understood.

Methods

By conducting pairwise plot surveys in actively restored and adjacent degraded succulent thicket habitats, the extent of P. afra seedling abundance in these contrasting ecosystem conditions is quantified.

Results

Seedling abundance was significantly greater in restored ecosystems (W = 23, p = 0.03225). Additionally, seedlings found in restored habitats were strongly associated with open habitat, whereas seedlings in degraded ecosystems were more restricted to nurse sites (X2 = 122.84, df = 2, p-value < 2.2e–16). A weak (R2 = 0,237), but significant (p = 0, 0295) correlation between P. afra cover and seedling abundance was recorded.

Conclusion

Active restoration of succulent thicket habitat through P. afra reintroduction appears to overcome recruitment barriers. This may suggest that, despite the poor survival of introduced individuals, natural recruitment could contribute to the regeneration of restored succulent thicket ecosystems.
Loot box consumption by adolescents pre- and post- pandemic lockdown
Authors: DeCamp Whitney , Daly Kevin
Published: May 2023

Loot boxes are virtual items that can be redeemed to receive randomly selected other virtual items, and have been criticized for being similar to gambling. The presence of loot boxes in video games has dramatically increased since 2010, with little evidence available for the current prevalence rate of loot box purchasing in the general population, particularly during and following the COVID-19 pandemic lockdowns. This study uses data from representative samples of American youth to estimate prevalence rates for video game play and loot box consumption before the pandemic (2019) and after the pandemic lockdowns (2022) to examine whether the pandemic has affected loot box usage in the general population and among gamers. The results suggest that youth loot box consumption has increased, rising from 24.9% in 2019 to 31.6% in 2022 among 8th grade (age 13–14) youth. The increase over this time period was larger for girls, though boys are still more likely to purchase loot boxes overall.
Identification and analysis of differentially expressed trihelix genes in maize (Zea mays) under abiotic stresses
Authors: Zhao Dongbo , Gao Fengju , Guan Peiyan , Gao Jiansheng , Guo Zhihui , Guo Jianjun , Cui Huini , Li Yongjun , Zhang Guijun , Li Zhao , Guo Lianghai
Published: May 2023

Background

Trihelix transcription factors play important roles in triggering plant growth and imparting tolerance against biotic and abiotic stresses. However, a systematical analysis of the trihelix transcription factor family under heat and drought stresses in maize has not been reported.

Methods

PlantTFDB and TBtools were employed to identify the trihelix domain-containing genes in the maize genome. The heat-regulated transcriptome data for maize were obtained from NCBI to screen differentially expressed ZmTHs genes through statistical analysis. The basic protein sequences, chromosomal localization, and subcellular localization were analyzed using Maize GDB, Expasy, SOMPA, TBtools, and Plant-mPLoc. The conserved motifs, evolutionary relationships, and cis-elements, were analyzed by MEME, MEGA7.0 and PlantCARE software, respectively. The tissue expression patterns of ZmTHs and their expression profiles under heat and drought stress were detected using quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR).

Results

A total of 44 trihelix family members were discovered, and members were distributed over 10 chromosomes in the maize genome. A total of 11 genes were identified that were regulated by heat stress; these were unevenly distributed on chromosomes 1, 2, 4, 5, and 10. ZmTHs encoded a total of 16 proteins, all of which were located in the nucleus; however, ZmTH04.1 was also distributed in the chloroplast. The protein length varied from 206 to 725 amino acids; the molecular weight ranged from 22.63 to 76.40 kD; and the theoretical isoelectric point (pI) ranged from 5.24 to 11.2. The protein’s secondary structures were mainly found to be random coils and α-helices, with fewer instances of elongation chains and β-rotations. Phylogenetic relationship analysis showed that these can be divided into five sub-groups. The conserved domain of ZmTHs was GT1 or MyB_DNA-Bind_4. The protein and gene structure of ZmTHs differed greatly among the subfamilies, while the structures within the subfamilies were similar. The promoter of ZmTHs contained abundant tissue-specific expression cis-acting elements and abiotic stress response elements. qRT-PCR analysis showed that ZmTHs expression levels were significantly different in different tissues. Furthermore, the expression of ZmTH08 was dramatically up-regulated by heat stress, while the expression of ZmTH03, ZmTH04, ZmTH05, ZmTH06, ZmTH07, ZmTH09, ZmTH10, and ZmTH11 were down-regulated by heat stress. Upon PEG-simulated drought stress, ZmTH06 was significantly up-regulated, while ZmTH01 and ZmTH07 were down-regulated.

Conclusions

We performed a genome-wide, systematic identification and analysis of differentially expressed trihelix genes under heat and drought stresses in maize.
Novel immune cell infiltration-related biomarkers in atherosclerosis diagnosis
Authors: Dong Ruoyu , Li Jikuan , Jiang Guangwei , Han Ning , Zhang Yaochao , Shi Xiaoming
Published: May 2023

Background

Immune cell infiltration (ICI) has a close relationship with the progression of atherosclerosis (AS). Therefore, the current study was aimed to explore the role of genes related to ICI and to investigate potential mechanisms in AS.

Methods

Single-sample gene set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA) was applied to explore immune infiltration in AS and controls. Genes related to immune infitration were mined by weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA). The function of those genes were analyzed by enrichment analyses of the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) and Gene Ontology (GO). The interactions among those genes were visualized in the protein-protein interaction (PPI) network, followed by identification of hub genes through Cytoscape software. A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) plot was generated to assess the performance of hub genes in AS diagnosis. The expressions of hub genes were measured by reverse transcription quantitative real-time PCR (RT-qPCR) in human leukemia monocyticcell line (THP-1) derived foam cells and macrophages, which mimic AS and control, respectively.

Results

We observed that the proportions of 27 immune cells were significantly elevated in AS. Subsequent integrative analyses of differential expression and WGCNA identified 99 immune cell-related differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between AS and control. Those DEGs were associated with tryptophan metabolism and extracellular matrix (ECM)-related functions. Moreover, by constructing the PPI network, we found 11 hub immune cell-related genes in AS. The expression pattern and receiver ROC analyses in two independent datasets showed that calsequestrin 2 (CASQ2), nexilin F-Actin binding protein (NEXN), matrix metallopeptidase 12 (MMP12), C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 10 (CXCL10), phospholamban (PLN), heme oxygenase 1 (HMOX1), ryanodine receptor 2 (RYR2), chitinase 3 like 1 (CHI3L1), matrix metallopeptidase 9 (MMP9), actin alpha cardiac muscle 1 (ACTC1) had good performance in distinguishing AS from control samples. Furthermore, those biomarkers were shown to be correlated with angiogenesis and immune checkpoints. In addition, we found 239 miRNAs and 47 transcription factor s (TFs), which may target those biomarkers and regulate their expressions. Finally, we found that RT-qPCR results were consistent with sequencing results.
Small Group Discussion versus Traditional Lecture in Anatomy Teaching: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Jaiswal Rashmi
Published: May 2023

Introduction: All educational institutions follow different types of teaching and learning methods to deliver knowledge to the students. The conventional teaching methodology is commonly used in many educational institutions. Small group discussion (SGD) aids in improving the basic skills required for every task i.e., communication skills. Enthusiastic participation help in creating a dynamic and lively environment for the progress of participants. Aim: To evaluate the effectiveness of Small group discussion (SGD) over traditional lectures and to assess the perception of students regarding SGD versus traditional lectures. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with MBBS Phase-I medical students from November 2019 to April 2020 in Chirayu Medical College and Hospital, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh. About 150 MBBS Phase-I medical students were divided into 2 groups, A and B, 75 students per group. Group-A (Roll Number 1 to 75) was taken for traditional lecture, and Group-B (Roll Number 76 to 150) were taken for SGD. Pre and post multiple choice assessment was performed. Perception of both Groups A and B about traditional Lecture and SGD was taken by pre-validated questionnaire based on Likert’s scale. Crossover of the groups was done with second topic. Student’s t-test was used to compare pre-test and post-test results and the p<0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Results: The mean in post-test scores of Group-B i.e., in SGD was 55.8±4.51 (p-value=0.022). As per 55 (88.7%) students, small group teaching session was less stressful. A total of 59 (95.15%) students agreed that SGD was interactive and 58 (93.54%) said they had their active participation and 61 (98.38%) students developed interest. A total of 58 (93.54%) students agreed that, it helped in retaining knowledge. As per 62 (99.9%) students, SGD was useful for improvement of communication skill among students, were of the opinion that they had a good level of discussion in SGD session. Conclusion: SGD involves active participation with good communication skills and develops good retention of knowledge. It has been introduced in the new curriculum to increase the efficiency of students.
Correlation Between Body Mass Index and Sleep Quality among Indian Doctors: A Descriptive Study
Authors: Gulati Harpreet Singh , Kaur Kamaljeet , Kaur Jasveen , Wadhwa Ambica , Sharma Mamta
Published: May 2023

Introduction: In the current scenario, clinicians are constantly subjected to high workload coupled with enormous amount of stress which can lead to both derangement of sleep and accumulation of body fat. Since they are the central pillar of healthcare industry, the health of doctors themselves is an extremely important factor in pursuit of a healthy and disease free society. Aim: To determine the effect of Body Mass Index (BMI) on quality of sleep in clinicians and to establish a relation between obesity and sleep pattern of clinicians. Materials and Methods: The present descriptive study was conducted on 400 doctors working in Outpatient Department (OPD) clinics of various departments at Punjab Institute of Medical Sciences, Jalandhar and OPDs of NIMS Hospital, Jaipur, India, from July 2019 to June 2021. BMI was calculated as ratio of weight (kg) to the square of height (m). Sleep quality was assessed by Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) questionnaire as a Global Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. BMI and sleep quality were checked for inter-relationship using various statistical methods like Chi- square test, Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), student t-test and Pearson’s correlation. Results: In the present study, 200 were males and 200 were females. Most of the participants were in the age group of 41- 50 years. A 51.4% of participants with BMI >25 kg/m2 had poor sleep quality which was significantly higher when compared with participants with BMI <25 kg/m2 (33.5%). Sleep quality had no significant bearing with gender. Further, it was found that surgical specialists had poorer sleep when compared with their medical counterparts. Conclusion: The results of the present study showed a significant association and linear correlation between sleep quality and overweight/obesity status. This information serves as an awareness and warning signal for the clinicians to safeguard their own health.
Effect of Organic Mulch and Mycorrhizal Inoculation on Growth and Yield of Tomato Plants
Authors: Sadek Ihab I. , Bakr Abeer A. A. , Moursy Fatma S. , Younis Tarek M. , Salem Emad A.
Published: May 2023

Net greenhouse experiment was conducted through the 2019/2020 and 2020/2021 seasons at Dokki protected cultivation experimental site, Central Laboratory for Agricultural Climate (CLAC), Agricultural Research Center (ARC), Ministry of Agriculture and Land Reclamation to investigate applied two factors organic mulch i.e., (bagasse, compost, palm fibers, mushroom spent, sawdust and control), mycorrhizal inoculation (with and without) and their interaction on growth and productivity of tomato plants. The seedlings of tomato cv. Super strain B was transplanted on the 15th October 2019 and 2020. The experimental design was split plot with three replicates. Results indicated that applied compost mulch treatment, without mycorrhizal inoculation and their interaction enhanced all vegetative growth characteristics i.e., (plant height, number of leaves, number of shoots, stem diameter, fresh and dry weights of plant). Whereas, applied compost mulch treatment, with mycorrhizal inoculation and their interaction improved chemical content of (N, P and K) in leaves and increased average fruit weight and total yield/m2.
Evaluation of Haemostatic Effects of Petroselinum crispum (Parsley) in Wistar Rats
Authors: Anyanwu Michaella Ozioma , Chinko Bruno Chukwuemeka
Published: May 2023

Petroselinum crispum (parsley or garden parsley), besides its use as an edible vegetable, is used in the treatment of various ailments with documented evidence validating some of these medicinal uses. The present study evaluates the impact of oral administration of P. crispum on blood coagulation parameters. Fresh leaves of P. crispum were locally sourced, authenticated and extracted using ethanol to obtain an ethanolic extract of P. crispum (PCE). Twenty-five (25) male Wistar rats were used for the study and were randomly assigned to five (5) animals of five (5) rats each. Group I served as the control group and was given distilled water, whereas groups II, III, and IV were treated as experimental groups and administered PCE at 200, 400, and 800mg/kg via oral gavage, respectively. Group V also received 800mg/kg of PCE with the administration terminated on the 28th day to allow for a 14-day recovery period. Platelet count (PLT) and other platelet indices were determined using an automated Haematology analyzer. Bleeding time (BT), clotting time (CT), prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) and plasma fibrinogen (FIB) were assayed following standard laboratory protocols. The results of the study show that the mean PLT were significantly reduced in the experimental animals compared to the control (p<0.05) while BT, CT, PT, aPTT and FIB significantly increased compared to the control (p<0.05). Also, BT, CT, PT, and aPTT recovered towards the control values after the 14-day withdrawal period. The present study shows ethanolic leaf extract of P. crispum prolonged blood coagulation. The current evidence suggests that P. crispum could be a candidate for further exploration as a natural plant-based antithrombotic agent.
Influence of Organic Manures and Zinc on Growth, Yield and Economics of Pearl Millet (Pennisetum glaucum L.)
Authors: L. Kavya , Debbarma Victor , Vaishnavi Nagarigari
Published: May 2023

An experiment was carried out in the field to ascertain the "Influence of organic manures and zinc on growth, yield and economics of Pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum L.)” during Zaid 2022 at Crop Research Farm, Department of Agronomy, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology, and Sciences Prayagraj (U.P) (Pennisetum glaucum L.). The results showed that treatment 6 [Vermicompost (2.6 t/ha) + Zinc (15 kg/ha)] significantly increased plant height (169.2 cm), dry weight (94.90 g), ear head length (26.4 cm), maximum number of grains/ear head (2046), grain weight/ear head (23.4 g), test weight (9.21 g), grain yield (3.90 t/ha), stover yield (8.20 t/ha), and harvest index (32.24%). In comparison to other treatments, treatment 6 [Vermicompost (2.6 t/ha) + Zinc (15 t/ha)] also had the highest total returns (91919 INR/ha), highest net returns (64269 INR/ha), and highest benefit cost ratio (2.32).
A Review on Nano-Food Packaging: An Untapped Revolution in Food Packaging
Authors: Singh Ridhima , Chaudhary Mansi , Chauhan Ekta Singh
Published: May 2023

Spoilage of food is a worldwide concern because of poor faulty packaging material. Today the evolution of nanotechnology in the food industry provides several benefits in food preservation, food processing, and food packaging. Nano packaging has found many applications in the food industry. Nano packaging of food provides many benefits such as oxygen (O2) scavengers, moisture scavengers, antimicrobial, gas barrier properties, strength, flexibility, keeping an eye on freshness, etc. These nanomaterials help to increase the shelf life of food, and maintaining the quality without causing any alteration is a primary concern. Nano packaging made it possible to transport food globally by increasing the shelf life of food products. Nano food packaging, however, is still in the fetal stage; therefore, this review crisps the present status and recent advancement of this technology. Furthermore, address the toxicity of nanoparticles (NPs) in food packaging and safety concerns. The pros and cons of this novel technology will describe its usefulness and appropriateness in the food packaging industry.
Emotions and Language Learning Instructed Second Language Acquisition
Authors: Dewaele Jean‐Marc , Botes Elouise
Published: January 2025

This is an overview of applied linguistic work on four foreign language learner emotions, inspired by various branches of psychology, especially Positive Psychology. The emotions that have been selected are Foreign Language Classroom Anxiety (FLCA), Foreign Language Enjoyment (FLE), Foreign Language Boredom (FLB), and Foreign Language Peace of Mind (FLPOM). The adoption of A more holistic approach by applied linguists from 2014 has led to the inclusion of at least two emotions in the same research designs. The four emotions have generated strong responses within the applied linguistic community. They have been—and are being—investigated in a wide variety of contexts with different language combinations and learner profiles. The aim of researchers is to locate the sources and effects of these emotions in order to propose ways in which FL teachers can create a positive classroom atmosphere conducive to learning and well‐being. The four emotions selected represent different levels of valence and activation. FLE is a positive, medium‐to‐high activating emotion. FLPOM is a positive, low activating emotion originating in the Chinese cultural tradition. FLCA is a negative, medium‐to‐high activating emotion. Finally, FLB is a negative emotion with extremely low levels of activation.
Early Bilingual Education
Authors: Hickey Tina M. , Cameron‐Faulkner Thea
Published: January 2025

This chapter considers bilingual education in the early years, for children up to six years. The different models of one‐way and two‐way immersion education are outlined, in a variety of international contexts, and research on their outcomes is summarized. The pedagogical approaches used in early bilingual education are explored and recent developments and ongoing challenges are considered.