bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Multi Drug Resistant Nosocomial Pathogens in Intensive Care Units of a Tertiary Care Hospital in Karachi
Authors: Ali Ishrat Irfan , Khan Irfan Ali , Munir Muhammad Kashif
Published: August 2017

Objective:  To evaluate occurrence of nosocomial infections and antibiotic susceptibility patterns of bacterial pathogens isolated from Intensive Care Units (IC-Us) in a tertiary care hospital of Karachi-Pakistan.Methods and Results:  One thousand and fifty clinical isolates were identified following standard proto-cols. Their antibiograms were evaluated and a clinical correlation was made to measure their pathogenic status and method of acquisition of infection. Fifty-six percent isolates were identified as Acinetobacter baumannii, 13.2% as Pseudomonas aeruginosa, 11.2% as Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), 8.8% as Klebsiella pneumoniae, 4.1% as Vancomycin resistant Enterococci (VRE), 2.7% as Escherichia coli (ESBL), 1.2% as Klebsiella spp, 1.1% as coagulase negative staphylococcus, 0.7% as Salmonella typhi and 0.2% as salmonella spp. All the isolates exhibited different resistance patterns against conventional antibiotics. Majority of them were Multi Drug Resistant (MDR).Conclusions:  In this study, Acinetobacter baumannii isolates revealed a pathogenic potential of around 56% were identified by antimicrobial susceptibility patterns. In our study, majority of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Vancomycin resistant Enterococci, E.coli, and Klebsiella spp were found to be multi drug resistant. High antimicrobial resistance in the ICU is an alarming situation, and calls for imperative measures leading to careful selection/use of antimicrobials while treating different infections. This study is expected to help infection control agencies to take robust steps to control nosocomial infections in developing countries.
Epidemiological Study of Anti HCV Antibodies in Rural Punjab
Authors: Gilani Syed Amir , Khan Muhammad Athar , Latif Muhammad Zahid , Malik Muhammad Azam , Arif Muhammad , Bukhari Ifrah
Published: August 2017

AbstractBackground:  Hepatitis C virus infection is a very serious and alarming public health concern worldwide. The virus is transmitted through blood and blood related infected products. However sexual and vertical transmission is also reported. Although the infection by Hepatitis C virus is endemic in nature but prevalence as well as incidence has escalating trend in Pakistan particularly in the rural areas. In the beginning it is an asymptomatic infection and majority of the victims remain unaware about the disease.Objectives:  To determine the seroprevalence of Hepatitis C in Rural Punjab, Pakistan.Methods:  A descriptive epidemiological cross sectional study was conducted from July 2013 to June 2015 in the rural Punjab of Pakistan. The province of Punjab was divided into three zones namely CentralSouthern and Northern zone. Three districts from each zone were sampled and later on three villages from each district were selected. Probability based sampling technique was used however in certain situations the total population was selected. A total sample of 2400 participants was selected with 800 from each zone of Punjab.Results:  A total of 2400 subjects from three zones of Punjab participated in this study. Out of these 2400 participants 520 (21.6%) were sero positive against Anti HCV antibodies. Anti HCV positive cases were higher (24.8%) in Northern Punjab as compared to (23.1%) in Central and (17%) in Southern rural Punjab respectively.Conclusion:  This study concludes that prevalence of HCV infection is highly endemic among the rural population of Punjab and accounts for 21.6% of the studied population. The prevalence is highest in rural northern Punjab followed by the central and southern Punjab. Drivers and helpers of the farmers are the maximally infected occupations. It is recommended to plan and implement a population based hepatitis awareness and screening campaign for the affected and general population.
Effect of Subclinical Hypothyroidism on Fasting Serum Low Density Lipoprotein-C and High Density Lipoprotein-C
Authors: Zubair Syed Mohammad , Ijaz Farhat , Aftab Rana Khurram
Published: August 2017

AbstractNumerous effects on metabolism of Lipids, its absorption, amalgamation, and control is under the influence of Thyroid Hormone. The scientists at international are exploring the possibility of establishing a link between subclinical hypothyroidism and lipids. We conducted this research to test the hypothesis that TSH, and levels of LDL-C and HDL-C are significantly associated in subjects with SCH.Methods:  This cross sectional study was conducted at Physiology Department, KEMU in collaboration with Centre for Nuclear Medicine (CENUM), Mayo Hospital & KEMU, Lahore. Simple Random sampling technique was employed to collect the sample. A total of 100 cases were selected (50 with SCH and 50 with Thyroid Profile within normal range as control) Levels of TSH, LDL-C and HDL-C were measured in fasting serum samples.Results:  TSH levels in subclinical hypothyroidism SCH were 8.69 mlU/L and Euthyroid showed to be1.39 mlU/L. Mean HDL levels were 39.74 mg/dL in Subclinical Hypothyroidism subjects and 43.48mg/dL in euthyroid. The LDL-C pattern was in SCH 182.82 mg/dL and Euthyroids 161.24 mg/dL.Conclusion:  The Subclinical hypothyroidism has statistically significant effect in lowering HDL-C and increasing LDL-C level.AbstractNumerous effects on metabolism of Lipids, its absorption, amalgamation, and control is under the influence of Thyroid Hormone. The scientists at international are exploring the possibility of establishing a link between subclinical hypothyroidism and lipids. We conducted this research to test the hypothesis that TSH, and levels of LDL-C and HDL-C are significantly associated in subjects with SCH.Methods:  This cross sectional study was conducted at Physiology Department, KEMU in collaboration with Centre for Nuclear Medicine (CENUM), Mayo Hospital & KEMU, Lahore. Simple Random sampling technique was employed to collect the sample. A total of 100 cases were selected (50 with SCH and 50 with Thyroid Profile within normal range as control) Levels of TSH, LDL-C and HDL-C were measured in fasting serum samples.Results:  TSH levels in subclinical hypothyroidism SCH were 8.69 mlU/L and Euthyroid showed to be1.39 mlU/L. Mean HDL levels were 39.74 mg/dL in Subclinical Hypothyroidism subjects and 43.48mg/dL in euthyroid. The LDL-C pattern was in SCH 182.82 mg/dL and Euthyroids 161.24 mg/dL.Conclusion:  The Subclinical hypothyroidism has statistically significant effect in lowering HDL-C and increasing LDL-C levels.Key words:  Subclinical hypothyroidism, TSH, HDL-C, LDL-C
Effect of Low Dietary Glycemic Index on Blood Lipids Profile among Obese Postpartum Women
Authors: Basharat Shahnai , Gilani Syed Amir , Bashir Shahid , Qamar Muhammad Mustafa
Published: August 2017

AbstractObjective:  Postpartum obesity leads to long-term maternal obesity and promotes drastic health complications. Low glycemic index diet is suggested to have a beneficial impact on blood lipid levels. Therefore, we conducted a study to explore the effect of low glycemic diet on blood lipid profile in obese postpartum women.Methods:  In a randomised controlled trial, 38 obese postpartum women in intervention and 36 obese post-partum women in control group were analysed. Subjects in the intervention group were assigned low glycemic index diet and to follow this protocol for 12 weeks and the control group was advised to continue their routine diet.Results:  Low glycemic diet had a positive impact on low density lipoprotein (LDL), triglyceride and highdensity lipoprotein (HDL) concentration (p < 0.05). A strong positive correlation was observed between the glycemic index and LDL (mg/dl), (r = 0.57; p = 0.02) and between glycemic index and triglyceride (mg/dl), (r = 0.51; p = 0.01) in control and intervention group. A negative correlation was identified between glycemic index and HDL (mg/dl), (r = -0.45; p = 0.01).Conclusion:  Study concluded that low glycemic index diet reduced low density lipoprotein and triglyceride level and increased HDL level in blood; further more a significant association was found between glycemic index and blood lipids profile.
Testicular Morphological Changes Produced by Fluoroquinolones in Adult Male Albino Rats
Authors: Iqbal Rubina , Iqbal Saud , Atta Iram
Published: August 2017

AbstractObjectives:  The objective of this research work was to observe the testicular morphological changes produced by fluoroquinolones in the reproductive organs of adult male albino rats, and to see whether these changes are reversible after discontinuation of the drugs.Materials and Method:  Eighty adult male albino rats weighing 200 – 300 gms were randomly selected and divided into four groups i.e. A, B, C & D, having 20 animals in each group. A, B & C, were the experimental groups & D served as control group. All the groups were further divided into sub groups 1 & 2. Three fluoroquinolones i.e. Ciprofloxacin (135 mg / kg / day), Ofloxacin (75 mg / kg / day) & Enoxacin (12.5 mg / kg/ day) were given to the groups A, B & C respectively for 42 days. Animals of group D received dis-tilled water only. Animals of sub groups A1, B1, C1 &D1 were sacrificed on 42nd day and testicular tissue was obtained for morphological study. Animals of subgroups A2, B2, C2 & D2 were sacrificed on 84th day and testicular tissue for morphological changes was taken. No of leydig cells, height of epithelium and diameter of seminiferous tubules were taken as experimental parameters for morphological changes.Results:  The study indicated statistically significant (P < 0.05) decrease in height of epithelium, diameter of seminiferous tubules and no. of leydig cells in experimental groups as compared to the control groups.Conclusion:  The changes observed in morphology could lead to decrease in sperm count and testosterone levels. This study suggests gonadotoxic potentials of fluoroquinolones and adds concern to the indiscriminate and widespread use of fluoroquinolones and recommends more rational use of these drugs.
Detection of Cytomorphological Changes in Buccal Mucosal Cells of Type 2 Diabetic Patients Using Oral Exfoliative Cytology
Authors: Sharif Sadia , Sarwar Naureen , Nisar Bushra , Masood Muhammad Khalid , Hameed Asim
Published: August 2017

AbstractBackground:  Diabetes mellitus is an extremely common endocrine metabolic disorder that results in chronic hyperglycemia. It has effects on various tissues of the body. Due to this increased blood glucose levels considerable cellular changes occur in oral cavity as well. This field has attracted little research. The aim of the study was to analyze the changes in morphology and cytomorphometric measurements in the buccal mucosal cells of type 2 diabetic patients.Objectives:  The Objective of this study was to detect the cytological and morphological alterations of oral epithelial cells, in type 2 diabetic patients and healthy control subjects in exfoliated cytology smears, to com-pare the cytoplasmic diameter, nuclear diameter, and nucleus: cytoplasm ratio in type 2 diabetics and heal-thy control subjects and to analyze the above mentioned cellular alterations in patients with controlled and uncontrolled diabetes.Methods:  Cross-sectional analysis was performed in three groups on the bases of HbA1c levels. Group 1 was uncontrolled diabetics with HbA1C ≥ 7.0%, Gro-up 2 was well controlled diabetics with HbA1c ≤ 7.0% and Group 3 was Control healthy having HbA1C ≤ 5. 6%. Smears from normal buccal mucosa were obtai-ned from each subject and stained with Papanicolaou method. An eyepiece micrometer was used to take mean values of ND, CyD, and N: C ratio. Fifty (50) clearly defined cells were measured in each case in a step wise manner, to evade quantifying cells once more. Comparison of Nuclear Diameter (ND), Cytoplasmic Diameter (CY D) and ratio of two Diameters (N: C) among three groups was performed by using ANOVA. TUKEY’S test for post –hoc analysis was used where required.Results:  The variability in diameter of nucleus among all three sample groups showed significant p-value < 0.001.Whereas the measurement for cytoplasmic diameter between three groups was not significant (p-value 0.178). The ratio of nuclear diameter to cytoplasmic diameter calculated was significant (p-value < 0.001). Hence it proved from the results that considerably exaggerated ND and N: C ratios were seen as the glycemic control (HbA1C) is poorer.Conclusion:  The results suggested that nuclear size of buccal mucosal cells increased in type 2 diabetic pati-ents while no change was observed in cytoplasmic dimensions.
Effect of Erythropoietin Stimulating Agents on Cardiovascular Events in Chronic Kidney Disease Patients on Hemodialysis
Authors: Khan Ali Asad , Iqtadar Somia , Shafi Yasir , Abaidullah Sajid , Refai Aasma
Published: August 2017

Objectives:  Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) develop anemia which is treated with erythropoietin-stimulating agents (ESAs). However, ESAs do not reduce the risk of cardiovascular mortality. Furthermore, this is unclear whether ESAs therapy has any association with adverse cardiovascular events.Methods:  After an informed consent 275 male and female patients, between ages 35 to 75 years, with CKD stage V on ESAs undergoing twice weekly hemodialysis were enrolled. The dose of ESAs was calculated according to weight as 50mg/kg with target hemoglobin being 11 – 12 g/dl. Dose adjustments were made in the patients who failed to achieve target hemoglobin. The patients were followed for a year with the primary end point being new evidence of acute myocardial infarction (MI) diagnosed through ECG or echocardiography. Safety outcomes included stroke or death.Results:  The data was entered and analyzed in Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 18Out of 275 patients, 164 (59.6%) patients were males and 111 (40.4%) were females. Mean age of the patients was 51.52 with standard deviation of ± 5.73. According to the results, 52 (18.9%) patients reported with MI and 223 (81.1%) patients had no evidence of MI. Out of 52 patients who had MI, 37 (71.1%) were males and 15 (28.8%) patients were female.Conclusion:  ESAs are associated with an increased risk of MI in CKD patients on hemodialysis. Whether there is a direct association or there are other factors involved remains to be seen.
Impact of Childhood Psychosocial Stressors on Adolescence Period and Its Management: A Case Study of Conversion Disorder
Authors: Mahmood Robina , Komal Afreen , Asif Aftab , Jawaid Kiran
Published: August 2017

AbstractFunctional Neurological Symptom Disorder, previously called as Conversion disorder, is very common psychological disorder in eastern countries like Pakistan. This case study is describing how psychosocial factors produce stress and made a young girl dysfunctional in all aspect of life. The patient F.Z was18 years old unmarried girl and educated up till intermediate. She was unemployed and last born among 6 siblings; 4 sisters and 2 brothers. She was brought to the psychiatry indoor ward with speech symptom; un-able to speak (aphonia), sensory symptom; could not see (psychogenic blindness) and more over since last few months she had paralysis of lower limbs. Apart from those symptoms she reported poor appetite, remained sad and tearful. She was assessed thro-ugh both informal and formal psychological assessmentIt was interpreted that she had insecure, disturbed childhood and had lots of stressors in her life which caused severe maladjustment, interpersonal conflict, feeling of rejection and loneliness. According to DSM-5 she was diagnosed with Functional Neurological Symptom Disorder with comorbid Depressive Symptoms. The intervention plan comprised of psychodynamic, behavioral and cognitive approaches; techniques include catharsis, free association, anxiety reduction techniques, cognitive restructuring, graded task, mastery and pleasure technique, family psycho-education along with physiotherapy and physical exercise. Thirteen (13) therapeutic sessions were conducted along with anti-depressants and the patient showed marked improvement in all areas of her daily life. Family was psycho-educated to bring her for follow-up sessions.
Clinical Application of Grace Risk Score in Patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome
Authors: Firdous Samar , Malik Uzma
Published: August 2017

Objectives:  To determine clinical application of GRACE risk score in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS).Patients and Methods:  It was an observational analytical study conducted in the Cardiology ward of Mayo hospital, Lahore from April to July 2015. Patients with Acute STEMI, NSTEMI or Unstable angina (UA) were selected on the basis of typical chest pain, ECG changes or cardiac biomarkers .For all eligible cases, at presentation GRS was calculated using online calculator. Also, GRACE risk categories and predicted in-hospital mortality were determined. Patients with previous episodes of STEMI/ NSTEMI, old Left Bundle Branch Block (LBBB), stable angina pectoris, acute pericarditis, myocarditis, acute rheumatic fever or pulmonary embolism were excluded. Data was analyzed on SPSS 20 and the R project for statistical computing. Individual components of GRS were compared among discharged and expired cases using t-test. A p-value of <0.05 was considered significant.Results:  A total of 165 patients with STEMI and ACS were included. The mean GRS among males andfemales was 137.4 ± 39 and 151.5 ± 50.6. The observed in-hospital mortality was 12.12% with 60% patients of STEMI. Among expired cases, 90% patients had high GRS, predominantly from STEMI group. Important determinants of adverse outcome were advanced age, tachycardia, low systolic blood pressure and presence of cardiac failure.Conclusion:  STEMI was the major acute cardiac event. The mean GRS of expired patients was significantly higher than discharged group. GRS accurately identified low risk cases with low probability of in-hospital death. GRS over estimate probability of in-hospital death among STEMI high risk cases that had higher scores and discharged uneventfully. Grace Risk Score is a reliable predictor of risk category and adverse outcomes and its use by clinicians should be strongly recommended.
Relation of Stress during Pregnancy with Congenital Malformations in Children Admitted in Various Clinical Settings in Lahore
Authors: Jawad Shahbano , Mustafa Awais , Akram Roman
Published: August 2017

Objectives:  To study relation of stress in pregnancy and congenital malformations in newborns delivered at various hospitals of public sector in Lahore.

Materials and Methodology:  Descriptive cross sectional study design was used. The study was conducted at various clinical settings of Lahore for one month. Mothers of 40 malformed neonates were taken as sample. A data collection tool (a questionnaire) was developed and the mothers were interviewed regarding various type of stress such as poor socio-economic conditions, divorce and separation, death of a close relative, post dramatic stress disorders, serious illness, catastrophic events and pregnancy related stress including history of multiple miscarriages. Questionnaire was pretested before the data. SPSS computer software was used for entry, compilation and analysis of data.

Results:  Out of 40 subjects, 14 (35%) of mothers suffered from stress while 26 (65%) did not suffer from stress during pregnancy. Out of 14, 12.5% were having facial defects (cleft lip, cleft palate), 10% had neural tube defects while those with cvs, git, and urogenital defects were 7.5%. 2.5% and 2.5% respectively.

Conclusion:  This study suggests that prevalence of congenital malformations has a significant association with the events causing stress in life during pregnancy. Therefore it is one of the overlooked but important aggravating factor in the development of malfunctions. Out of 40 subjects 35% of mothers suffered from stresses like poor socioeconomic conditions, separation and deaths in the family. The number of conotruncal, or facial and neural tube defects was significantly higher in our subjects having stress.
Literatura surda: representações em produções editoriais
Authors: Müller Janete Inês , Karnopp Lodenir Becker
Published: August 2017

Na articulação aos Estudos Culturais em Educação e aos Estudos Surdos, objetiva-se analisar representações surdas em produções editoriais de surdos, de diferentes gêneros textuais de caráter autobiográfico (narrativas de vida, poemas, crônicas e romances). Essas obras circulam em português escrito e compõem a literatura surda. Opera-se principalmente com o conceito de representação (HALL, 1997), compreendendo a linguagem como produtora de significados. Nas onze (11) obras discursivamente analisadas neste artigo, as quais foram escritas por surdos e são destinadas ao público-leitor juvenil e adulto, observamos a busca pela desconstrução de estereótipos atribuídos aos surdos. Além disso, os autores dos livros produzem autorrepresentações positivas, legitimadas através de seus exitosos exemplos de vida e de paratextos que integram as produções editoriais. Diante das lutas e de movimentos das comunidades surdas, além das políticas públicas de incentivo à cultura, os escritos surdos têm conquistado territórios culturais, expandindo o mercado editorial que tematiza narrativas sobre sujeitos considerados ‘diferentes’.
Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors in Tumor Immunotherapy
Authors: Zhao Li-Ming , Zhang Jie-Huan
Published: August 2017

Background:

With an increasing understanding of the antitumor immune response, considerable progress has been made in the field of tumor immunotherapy in the last decade. Inhibition of histone deacetylases represents a new strategy in tumor therapy and histone deacetylase inhibitors have been recently developed and validated as potential antitumor drugs. In addition to the direct antitumor effects, histone deacetylase inhibitors have been found to have the ability to improve tumor recognition by immune cells that may contribute to their antitumor activity. These immunomodolutory effects are desirable, and their in-depth comprehension will facilitate the design of novel regimens with improved clinical efficacy.

Objective:

Our goal here is to review recent developments in the application of histone deacetylase inhibitors as immune modulators in cancer treatment.

Methods:

Systemic compilation of the relevant literature in this field.

Results amp; Conclusion:

In this review, we summarize recent advances in the understanding of how histone deacetylase inhibitors alter immune process and discuss their effects on various cytokines. We also discuss the challenges to optimize the use of these inhibitors as immune modulators in cancer treatment. Information gained from this review will be valuable to this field and may be helpful for designing tumor immunotherapy trials involving histone deacetylase inhibitors.
The Application of the Cold Atmospheric Plasma-Activated Solutions in Cancer Treatment
Authors: Yan Dayun , Sherman Jonathan H. , Keidar Michael
Published: August 2017

Background:

Over the past five years, the cold atmospheric plasma-activated solutions (PAS) have
shown their promissing application in cancer treatment. Similar as the common direct cold plasma treatment,
PAS shows a selective anti-cancer capacity in vitro and in vivo. However, different from the direct cold atmospheric
plasma (CAP) treatment, PAS can be stored for a long time and can be used without dependence on a
CAP device. The research on PAS is gradually becoming a hot topic in plasma medicine.

Objectives:

In this review, we gave a concise but comprehensive summary on key topics about PAS including
the development, current status, as well as the main conclusions about the anti-cancer mechanism achieved in
past years. The approaches to make strong and stable PAS are also summarized.
Hydrogen Peroxide and Beyond-the Potential of High-voltage Plasma-activated Liquids Against Cancerous Cells
Authors: Boehm Daniela , Curtin James , Cullen P.J. , Bourke Paula
Published: August 2017

Background:

The use of plasma-activated liquids such as PBS, medium or simply plasma-activated
water (PAW) has been receiving increasing attention for applications in cancer treatments. Amongst the reactive
species contained in these solutions, hydrogen peroxide appears to play a pivotal role in causing cytotoxic effects.
H2O2 concentrations can be correlated with reduced cell viability and growth and used as an indicator of
the potential efficacy of a plasma-activated liquid.

Objective:

To investigate the cytotoxic mediators generated in water specific to high-voltage DBD-ACP.

Method:

Using a high-voltage dielectric barrier atmospheric cold plasma (DBD-ACP) system, we examined
PAW-mediated cytotoxic effects on different mammalian cell lines employing a set-up where short-lived reactive
species can be discounted and activated liquids with long-term stability are generated.

Results:

The PAW potency could be modulated using voltage level, treatment time and post-treatment storage
time and target-related characteristics such as surface to volume ratio. All of these parameters effected cell viability
in a hydrogen peroxide concentration correlated manner. The susceptibility of two cancer cell lines to
PAW was similar to that observed for two non-cancer cell lines and the toxicity of plasma-activated water exceeded
that of the corresponding hydrogen peroxide concentrations.

Conclusion:

In cytotoxic plasma activated water an essential role for H2O2 has been demonstrated multi-fold,
yet further contributing factors are apparent and remain to be identified.
AN EVALUATION OF URBAN PUBLIC TRANSPORT ROUTE. CASE STUDY: HOP-ON HOP-OFF, KUALA LUMPUR, MALAYSIA
Authors: Ismail Izzati Khairimah , Hoon Leh Oliver Ling , Ahmad Zaki Zulkifli
Published: August 2017

Urban public transportation system is a means of providing mobility to locals, visitors as well as tourists. KL Hop-On Hop-Off buses, for instance, are designed specifically for local and foreign tourists to move within the Kuala Lumpur (KL) city centre areas for the purpose of tourism. However, there is only one route provided by the KL Hop-On Hop-Off, with more than 20 stops. The duration for a complete route tour without any stop is too long; that is around 2-2 ½ hours. Coupled with the problem of traffic congestion in KL, passengers face the problems of punctuality and long waiting periods. Thus, this study was carried out to evaluate the existing route of the KL Hop-On Hop-Off bus services. GIS application and questionnaire survey were used to evaluate the route. As a result, this study proposes three new routes as the alternatives to the existing single route Hop-On Hop-Off bus service. With the new routes, duration of a single full route tour can be reduced based on the interest of tourist. Tourists will be able to concentrate on just one part of KL city centre for their one-day tour based on their interest either heritage, shopping or nature.
Sentimen Analisis Tweet Berbahasa Indonesia Dengan Deep Belief Network
Authors: Zulfa Ira , Winarko Edi
Published: August 2017

Sentiment analysis is a computational research of opinion sentiment and emotion which is expressed in textual mode. Twitter becomes the most popular communication device among internet users. Deep Learning is a new area of machine learning research. It aims to move machine learning closer to its main goal, artificial intelligence. The purpose of deep learning is to change the manual of engineering with learning. At its growth, deep learning has algorithms arrangement that focus on non-linear data representation. One of the machine learning methods is Deep Belief Network (DBN). Deep Belief Network (DBN), which is included in Deep Learning method, is a stack of several algorithms with some extraction features that optimally utilize all resources. This study has two points. First, it aims to classify positive, negative, and neutral sentiments towards the test data. Second, it determines the classification model accuracy by using Deep Belief Network method so it would be able to be applied into the tweet classification, to highlight the sentiment class of training data tweet in Bahasa Indonesia. Based on the experimental result, it can be concluded that the best method in managing tweet data is the DBN method with an accuracy of 93.31%, compared with  Naive Bayes method which has an accuracy of 79.10%, and SVM (Support Vector Machine) method with an accuracy of 92.18%.
Deteksi Kualitas Telur Menggunakan Analisis Tekstur
Authors: Sela Enny Itje , Ihsan M
Published: August 2017

Currently to find out the quality of eggs was conducted on visual observation directly on the egg, both the outside of the egg in the form of eggshell conditions or the inside of the egg by watching out using sunlight or a flashlight. This method requires good accuracy, so in the process it can affect results that are not always accurate. This is due to the physical limitations of each individual is different. This study examines the utilization of digital image processing for the detection of egg quality using eggshell image.The feature extraction method performed  a texture feature based on the histogram that is the average intensity, standard deviation, skewness, energy, entropy, and smoothness properties. The detection method for  training and testing is  K-Means Clustering algorithm. The results of this application are able to help the user to determine the quality of good chicken eggs and good quality chicken eggs, with accurate introduction of good quality eggs by 90% and poor quality eggs by 80%.
Keragaman Rubus di Gunung Kembang Kabupaten Wonosobo Jawa Tengah dan Potensi Pemanfaatannya
Authors: Susandarini Ratna
Published: August 2017

Rubus is a member of Rosaceae family where its natural habitat is in open areas of lowland and upland forests. Rubus has been reported found in Mount Kembang which is situated in Wonosobo, Central Java, but the number of species was unclear. The objective of this study was to investigate the Rubus diversity in M. Kembang and its uses by local people. Sample collecting was carried out using explorative methods on the slopes of M. Kembang. Uses information was obtained by interviewing the local people. The data were analyzed descriptively to provide species description along with their uses and potential in biological research. The result showed that there were four species of Rubus in M. Kembang, R. rosifolius J.E.Smith, R. chrysophyllus Reinw. Ex Miq., R. fraxinifolius Poir., and R. moluccanus L. with altitudinal distribution ranging from 945 m to 1,387 m above sea level. Among these four species R. rosifolius is the well-known one, that people sell the fruits in its fruiting season in the local market. Based on the literature some Rubus species in other areas in Java have potential as fresh fruits, source for making fruit jam, traditional herbal drink to cure diarrhoea and dysentery, or as ornamental plants. A few studies showed that the fruit extract of R. rosifolius has potential for natural dye in cosmetic products.
Flawed Democracy: Beyond Agency and Structure (A Book Review)
Authors: Paskarina Caroline
Published: August 2017

This book analyses democratic failure at the local level which is indicated from the political issues that happened in Asahan, North Sumatera. The four political issues are: (1) the limitation of public access toward information; (2) the discrimination in social policy; (3) the ignorance of public aspiration; and (4) the land disputes that followed together with the criminalization towards public activists. In those four issues, public matters management becomes the arena that happens outside public control. Issues about the weakening of public control have become an analysis project that colours the development of democracy study.
Peri-Urban Land Use Dynamics and Development Implications in the Bamenda III Municipality of Cameroon
Authors: Kimengsi Jude Ndzifon , Nguh Balgah Sounders , Nafoin Achia Soulange
Published: August 2017

 A consequence of rapid and uncontrolled urbanization is the growth of the peri-urban environment. Peri-urban areas the world over are undergoing rapid changes in their land uses with significant development implications. In the present study, Bamenda III, a municipality of Cameroon, which forms part of the Bamenda Metropolis—a primate city par excellence, witnessed dramatic changes in its peri-urban zone. Such changes are exemplified by the multiplication of land uses, a reduction in
agricultural land in favour of settlements and other infrastructural developments as well as wetland invasion. Using a systematic sampling of 100 inhabitants in the Bamenda III peri-urban zone, complemented by interviews and secondary data sources, we sought to investigate the evolution, drivers and development implications of peri-urban land use dynamics. The results showed that during the year 2000-2015, there was a reduction in agricultural land area from 2943ha to 1389ha and a corresponding increase in the area for settlements from 1389ha to 2943ha. A positive correlation was observed between population growth and peri-urban land use dynamics in Bamenda III. The observed
dynamics has significant developmental implications in terms of future planning perspectives, future developments at the expense of agricultural land and further encroachments into wetlands. The study
concludes that a coordinated and planned growth policy should be introduced in order to control rapid peri-urban land use change in the face of population growth.
HEPATOPROTECTIVE EFFECTS OF PUNICA GRANATUM FRUIT AGAINST D-GALACTOSAMINE-INDUCED HEPATOTOXICITY IN RATS: IN VITRO AND IN VIVO STUDIES
Authors: Amir Mohd , Mallick Mohd Nasar , Ahmad Niyaz , Ali Abuzer , Ahmad Sayeed , Akhtar Mohd , Mujeeb Mohd
Published: August 2017

Objective: Hepatoprotective activity of Punica granatum Linn. (Family: Punicaceae) was evaluated by in vitro and in vivo model. HepG2 cell lines were used for in vitro study and D-Galactosamine (D-GalN) induced hepatic damage model for in vivo evaluation.Methods: Hepatoprotective potential was assessed by measuring serum level of glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase, glutamate pyruvate transaminase, alkaline phosphatase, total bilirubin, and albumin. Enzymatic antioxidant parameters like TBARs (thiobarbituric acid reactive substances), GSH (glutathione), SOD (superoxide dismutase) and CAT (catalase) also evaluated in this study. Results: Rats treated with D-GalN showed a significant increase in serum levels of SGOT (serum glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase), SGPT (serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase), ALP (alkaline phosphatase), bilirubin and TBARs, reflecting liver damage. The in vitro study indicates a beneficial effect of aqueous extract of P. granatum in comparison with methanolic extract, on D-GalN induced toxicity to HepG2 cells. On the basis of in vitro study, aqueous extract was selected for in vivo evaluation. The aqueous extract of P. granatum significantly reduced the elevated serum biomarkers, indicating the recovery of hepatocellular injury. It was also observed that D-GalN induced a significant decrease in GSH, SOD, CAT, protein, and albumin level were increased on the treatment of the rats with aqueous extract of P. granatum. The findings were also confirmed by histopathological studies. Periportal area and extensive hepatocyte damage and haemorrhage are seen in D-GalN treated group. The portal triad with less degree of inflammatory cell infiltration around the bile duct is seen in P. granatum (500 mg/kg)+(D-GalN) treated group.Conclusion: Results of this study revealed that P. granatum fruit could afford a significant protection for the alleviation of hepatic toxicity. Possible mechanism may involve its action against oxidative stress.
BETAMETHASONE DIPROPIONATE GEL FOR TREATMENT OF LOCALIZED PLAQUE PSORIASIS
Authors: Gizaway Sanaa El , Fadel Maha , Mourad Basma , Elnaby Fatma El-zahraa Abd
Published: August 2017

Objective: The main aim of this study was to design and characterise betamethasone di-propionate loaded transfersomes (BD-T); as a topical formulation for the treatment of localized plaque psoriasis.Methods: A full factorial design (23) was applied to study the effects of three independent variables: drug content, type of surfactants and surfactant contents on particle size (PS), entrapment efficiency (EE %), zeta potential (ZP), polydispersity index (PI) and drug release profiles. The optimized BD-T was formulated as a hydrogel using 5% sodium carboxymethyl cellulose. The gel was characterized for viscosity, drug content, in vitro drug release and stability. A comparative clinical study was performed on 20 patients with psoriasis to investigate the effect of BD-T gel and the marketed betamethasone dipropionate (BD) cream.Results: The optimized BD-T formulation containing 50 mg betamethasone dipropionate (BD) and 5 mg tween 80 showed spherical unilamellar vesicles with an average particle size of 242.80, % EE of 90.19%, ZP of-15.00 mV, PI of 0.407 and K0 of 4.290 mg/hr. The formulation showed good stability at 4 °C and 25 °C for 6 mo. The results revealed significant clinical improvement and a significant increase in safety and tolerability with BD-T gel compared with BD cream.Conclusion: As a conclusion, BD-T was found to be more effective, safe and tolerable for the treatment of psoriasis compared with the marketed product.
Esclarecimento sobre cursos superiores a alunos finalistas do ensino médio por depoimentos em vídeos
Authors: Bergamaschi Christyan Lemos , Ferreira Juliana Santos , Batitucci Maria Do Carmo Pimentel
Published: August 2017

O presente trabalho tem o objetivo de fornecer maiores informações para o entendimento e divulgação de cursos superiores, foi realizado um estudo exploratório com os estudantes finalistas dos terceiros anos de uma escola pública de Vitória - ES. Buscando investigar aspectos relevantes para a decisão dos alunos, realizamos uma sessão de vinte vídeos com depoimentos de estudantes da graduação, além de questionários para compreender se esta dinâmica ajudou no esclarecimento dos cursos superiores. Com auxilio dos questionários, os alunos foram separados em três grupos: grupo 1, alunos que escolheram o curso e que possuía depoimento no vídeo (32,4%); grupo 2, alunos que escolheram o curso, mas não possuía depoimento no vídeo (43,7%); e grupo 3, alunos que não tinham decidido qual curso ou não queriam seguir seus estudos no Ensino Superior (23,9%). Mais da metade dos alunos (60%) responderam que os vídeos contribuíram para a decisão de qual curso superior seguir.
Disciplinas semipresenciais como metodologia de ensino e aprendizagem na percepção da gestão
Authors: Coelho Vera Rejane , Bet Sabrina , Dos Santos Vanice
Published: August 2017

Este texto versa sobre uma pesquisa realizada de 2013 a 2015, sobre a implantação de disciplinas semipresenciais, na modalidade de EaD utilizando-se de 20% da carga horária total do curso, conforme Portaria nº 4.059/2004.  A EaD  como modalidade educacional surgiu com a LDB 9394/1996, regulamentada pelo Decreto n° 5.622/2005. O objetivo foi analisar a implantação dessa modalidade como metodologia de ensino na percepção da Pró-Reitora de Ensino, de alunos e professores de sete cursos de licenciatura, de uma Universidade Comunitária/SC. A metodologia da pesquisa consistiu na observação, registros dos encontros com professores e alunos, dados do setor de Avaliação Institucional, além da pesquisa bibliográfica/documental para a fundamentação teórica. Foi possível observar resistência dos alunos no inicio dos cursos, porém, no processo foram se revelando receptivos quanto ao uso de recursos tecnológicos e a liberdade de estudar em horários alternativos e que o perfil do professor era determinante no processo. Quanto aos professores resistentes a EaD, demonstravam sua rejeição aos alunos e, quanto maior tempo de docência, maior a resistência.
Una visión integradora para el convivo social desde la educación: la perspectiva de Gregorio Torres Quintero
Authors: Muñoz Benjamín Panduro , Battestin Claudia , Jung Hildegard Susana
Published: August 2017

De naturaleza cualitativa, el texto hace una revisión bibliográfica y, de las obras de Gregorio Torres Quintero, deduce una clara visión de la sociedad como un espacio de convivencia en donde todos los individuos están integrados, y dónde la responsabilidad por el entorno natural y humano es una condición fundamental. La búsqueda de los arquetipos, o los principios originarios que dan lugar a las comunidades humanas, nos parece una política filosófica urgente en un espacio en el que hemos olvidado que el ser humano se da en la convivencia. Seguir avanzando en el diseño de esta ruta hacia la convivencia, implica, pues, el cultivo de actitudes convivenciales (como meta y camino) para ir mermando el imperio del escepticismo ontológico, epistemológico, lógico y ético que predomina en la modernidad y mantiene en un estado catatónico al individuo, sumergido en un cómodo pero vano y caduco pragmatismo, utilitarismo y subjetivismo.
A persistência do trabalho infantil no Brasil e em Portugal e a questão da educação
Authors: Conde Soraya Franzoni
Published: August 2017

Este artigo aborda a persistência do problema do trabalho infantil em Brasil e em Portugal e a relação com a educação. Percorre as legislações existentes sobre a temática, as políticas e os dados estatísticos nos dois países. Com base em referencial teórico crítico, percebe que embora legislações, políticas sociais e educacionais tentem resolver o problema por meio da escolarização, a sua persistência indica os limites das reformas frente às contradições inerentes ao sistema capitalista.
Identidad cultural y territorio: una reflexión en torno a las comunidades trasnacionales entre México y Estados
Authors: Velasco Ortiz M. Laura
Published: August 2017

Este ensayo reflexiona sobre el reto que implica la reconceptualización de la relación entre cultura y territorio, bajo la experiencia de la migración trasnacional de oaxaqueños hacia Estados Unidos. Las tesis posmodernistas sobre la fragmentación y discontinuidad de la experiencia del tiempo y el espacio en los procesos migratorios son recuperadas como supuestos que implican procesos por comprender, antes que una explicación de los procesos de reconstitución de la identidad de los migrantes. La hipótesis que guía esta reflexión es que existen ciertos procesos o mecanismos que rearticulan tal fragmentación y discontinuidad, y que su dilucidación nos permitirá comprender la recreación de identidades culturales en contextos de aparente desarraigo territorial y desintegración social.
Conocimiento y estudios sobre el agua subterránea en la Costa de Hermosillo
Authors: Moreno Vázquez José Luis
Published: August 2017

En este trabajo se analiza el papel que desempeñó la evolución del conocimiento científico en materia de agua subterránea en el desarrollo de una región agrícola del noroeste del país. En la introducción, se aborda el contexto económico y la visión dominante que existía sobre la disponibilidad y aprovechamiento del agua que hicieron posible el nacimiento de la Costa de Hermosillo a mediados de los años 40. En el primer apartado, se describe el conocimiento que había sobre el agua del subsuelo en ciertas zonas del país y del estado de Sonora antes de dicho nacimiento. En el segundo, se muestran las estimaciones realizadas acerca del potencial de agua subterránea a nivel nacional y estatal, así como los métodos empleados. En el tercero, se discuten las diversas estimaciones efectuadas sobre la recarga natural del acuífero de la Costa a lo largo de la década de 1960. Por último, aparecen las conclusiones derivadas de este análisis y los riesgos de la falta de conocimiento actualizado sobre este acuífero ante la posible puesta en práctica de nuevos proyectos de aprovechamiento de agua.
Nuevas formas de empleo flexible en México: el trabajo subcontratado en las agencias de colocación en Jalisco
Authors: Partida Rocha Raquel
Published: August 2017

Este artículo, tiene el propósito de mostrar las nuevas formas de trabajo en Jalisco, fundamentado en la subcontratación vía las Agencias de Colocación (AC) . Se parte del supuesto que la reestructuración productiva originada en los años ochenta, provocó la flexibilidad en el empleo y esto dio lugar a la aparición del trabajo temporal y subcontratado a través de las AC. El documento pretende abrir la discusión y aportar algunos elementos sobre el tema. El texto se divide en tres apartados: en el primero se presentan algunas referencias respecto a las AC; en el segundo se realiza una caracterización de la definición de la subcontratación; y en el tercero se presenta un apartado de las AC en Jalisco.
Estrategias gerenciales y actores sociales: trayectoria del modelo de relaciones laborales en Ford Hermosillo (1986-2001)
Authors: Sandoval Godoy Sergio A. , García Figueroa Gabriela
Published: August 2017

En este trabajo se analizan las características y trayectoria del modelo de relaciones laborales en Ford Hermosillo, a la luz del papel que han desempeñado las distintas estrategias de acción y toma de decisiones de parte de la gerencia, trabajadores y sindicato. Con esto se intenta distinguir los procesos de experimentación, aprendizaje y de respuesta que han estado presentes en los últimos 15 años. Para tal propósito, se aborda el sistema de relaciones laborales como espacio que se transforma ante condiciones externas e internas estructuralmente inciertas donde se dirimen los procedimientos de trabajo y la negociación de intereses. También se analiza como espacio de politización que estructura los campos en conflicto y la configuración de la empresa. Bajo esta óptica se observa una praxis empresarial y laboral cualitativamente distinta a otras experiencias, que permite entender los procesos de acción y transformación de la empresa como fenómenos complejos que ponen de manifiesto la variedad de respuestas en el nivel de la relación capital-trabajo.
Reestructuración y dinámica del empleo en México: 1980-1998
Authors: Aguayo Francisco , Salas Páez Carlos
Published: August 2017

El presente artículo propone realizar un análisis del impacto de la apertura de la economía mexicana sobre la estructura y el desarrollo económico de las regiones. En términos generales, el debate actual sobre el tema se centra en el argumento de inspiración neoclásica de que, a largo plazo, el desarrollo entre las regiones -si bien desiguales- tenderá a converger e igualar las condiciones de desarrollo subsecuentes. En este artículo se plantea una hipótesis contraria, a saber: la apertura de la economía ha conducido al crecimiento de las desigualdades, lejos de llevar a la pretendida "convergencia" regional neoclásica. Así las cosas, al nivel más elemental de los hechos (evolución del PIB, inversión extranjera directa y generación de empleo) se verifica lo falaz del argumento neoclásico. Para llevar a cabo esta empresa, se realiza un análisis de la evolución de los indicadores a partir del estudio de la especialización productiva por regiones, así como del cambio y la participación en la estructura regional de la producción y el empleo. Finalmente, se argumenta a favor de una política económica activa por parte del Estado, en la lógica de reducir paulatinamente la desigualdad entre las regiones.