bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Novel Technique of Biological Osteosynthesis in a Bicondylar Tibial Fracture
Authors: Salphale Yogesh Sharad , Kimmatkar Nitin , Salphale Vikrant G. , Gadegone Wasudeo , Mohapatra Rabi , Salphale Anuradha Y. , Garg Jenny , Mohite Ketaki
Published: January 2022

Purpose: To evaluate the biological treatment outcomes for tibial plateau fractures. Methods: 8 men and 4 women aged 21 to 54 (mean, 36) years with closed tibial plateau fractures were enrolled for the study. According to the Schatzker classification, patients were classified into type I (n=1), type II (n=2), type IV (n=4), and type V (n=5). After closed reduction the fracture was fixed with two to three 6.5 mm cannulated cancellous screws and crossed K wires.The functional outcome was evaluated using the Rasmussen score. A total score of 28 to 36 was considered as excellent, 20 to 27 as good, and less than 10 as poor. Results: Patients were followed up for a mean of 2.2 (range, 1-3.4) years. All the fracture united radiographically after a mean of 3 (range, 2.3-4.3) months. Respectively in Schatzker types-I, II, IV, and V fractures, outcomes were excellent in 1, 2, 3, and 3 patients, It was good in 0, 0, 1, and 1 patients, fair in 0, 0, 0, and 1 patient, and poor in 0, 0, 0, and 0 patients. Outcome was satisfactory (good-to-excellent) in 85%, 86%, 100%, and 80% of the respective fracture types of patients. The mean Rasmussen score was 26.7 for all patients; it was 27.7 for type I, 26.5 for type II, 28.9 for type IV, and 24.4 for type V fractures. No infection, wound dehiscence or hardware issues were noted. Conclusion: This technique offers improved fracture healing without any risk of soft tissue complications, minimising the hospital stay and expenditure.
Dexmedetomidine in Attenuating the Hemodynamic Response of Endotracheal Intubation; A Comparison of Two Different Doses
Authors: Arif Baloch Muhammad , Ahmed Nazeer , Sharif Muhammad , ullah Zafar , Toble Yasir Reda
Published: January 2022

Objective: To compare hemodynamic parameters in patients receiving 0.5 µg/kg of dexmedetomidine with those receiving 1.0 µg/kg dexmedetomidine before endotracheal (ETT) intubation. Material and Methods: A total number of 60 patients having age 18-60 years planned for any general surgery procedure under general anesthesia were included. These 60 patients were divided into two equal groups using lottery method. In group I patients; 0.5 µg/kg dexmedetomidine infusion over 10 mins was given. In group II patients; 1.0 µg/kg dexmedetomidine infusion over 10 mins was given. Mean arterial pressure (MAP), heart rate (HR) were recorded before intubation, after 5 and 10 minutes of intubation. Results: Mean age was 42.61±10.28 years. There were 37 (61.67%) male patients and only 23 (38.33%) female patients. MAP after minutes of intubation were 85.83±5.80 mmHg in group I versus 82.46±6.46 mmHg in group II (p-value 0.03) and after 5 minutes was 81.96±6.28 mmHg in group I versus 80.63±5.87 mmHg in group II (p-value 0.40). Mean HR after 3 minutes was significantly less in group II, 81.33±6.03 beats/min versus 85.16±6.25 beats/min the group I (p-value 0.01) and after 5 minutes was 79.60±4.59 beats/min in group I versus 82.40±6.96 beats/min in group II (p-value 0.07). Conclusion: During endotracheal intubation, dexmedetomidine efficiently and dramatically reduces cardiovascular and hemodynamic reactions. To lessen the effects of tracheal intubation, 1.0 µg/kg dexmedetomidine is more effective than 0.5 µg/kg dexmedetomidine. Keywords: endotracheal intubation, Dexmedetomidine, mean arterial pressure, heart rate.
Association of Depression with Cognitive Functions and Quality of Life in Elderly Population
Authors: Khan Nilofar , Hashmi Zeest , Riaz Saima , Ramzan Khan Rehan , Nasrullah Khan Nighat , Rashid Sajid
Published: January 2022

Objective: Population of the world is rapidly aging and facing different physical, social and mental issues that obviously affect their quality of life. This study aimed to determine the association of depression with cognitive functions and quality of life in elderly population. Methodology: It was cross a sectional study in which data was collected from 100 participants of both genders from elderly population. Their age range was 60 to 80 years. Elderly residents of District Rajanpur were surveyed by using Urdu version of standardized tools like Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) scale, World Health Organization-Quality of Life (WHOQOL-BREF) scale and Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE). Pearson correlation test was applied to measure association of depression with cognition and quality of life. The data was statistically analysed by using SPSS version 25. Results: The results revealed a strong negative correlation between depression and quality of life, r (-.672), P= (.000), and weak positive correlation between depression and cognitive functions, r (.316), P= (.001). Conclusion: The findings suggested that there exists a strong negative correlation between depression and quality of life and weak positive correlation between depression and cognitive functions. Keywords: Cognition, Aged, Depression, Quality of Life.
Prevalence of Culture Negative Asitic Fluid Infection among Chronic Liver Disease Patients
Authors: Ikram Faisal , Khan Muhammad Ibrahim , Rahim Humaira , Ikram Shah Muhammad , Bilal Muhammad , Imran Muhammad
Published: January 2022

Background and Aim: Ascitic fluid infection is pre-existing ascites infection of both symptomatic and asymptomatic types without abdominal source in chronic liver disease patients. Culture negative ascites are common infections in patients with chronic liver disease. The aim of the recent study was to determine the prevalence of culture-negative ascitic fluid infection among chronic liver disease patients. Methodology: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 134 patients with ascitic fluid infection due to chronic liver disease in the Department of Medicine and Gastroenterology, Pak International Medical College, Peshawar for six months duration from December 2020 to May 2021. All the ascitic infectious patients due to chronic liver disease regardless of their age and gender showing ascitic fluid infection symptoms such as tenderness, fever, and abdominal pain were admitted and underwent laboratory culture examination. Based on bacterial growth, all the chronic liver disease patients were grouped into two; Group-I of no bacterial growth and Group-II of positive bacterial growth. All the patients having an intra-abdominal infection or taking antibiotics were excluded. Results: Of the total 134 patients, 84 (62.7%) were male and 50 (37.3%) were females. Overall mean age was 47.56±19.8 years with an age range of 20 years to 80 years. Of the total 134 cases, the prevalence of positive and negative culture ascites were 30 (22.4%) and 104 (77.6%) respectively. out of 104 culture-negative patients, 65 (62.5%) were male patients whereas 39 (37.5%) were females. Chronic liver disease means duration was 8.9±2.6 months with a range of 6 months to 18 months. For all the patients above 40 years, the prevalence of culture-positive and negative ascitic infection was 20 (66.7%) and 77 (74.1%) respectively. The prevalence of male patients was higher (62.5%) among culture-negative patients due to chronic liver disease. Conclusion: Our study found that the prevalence of culture-negative ascitic fluid was higher at 77.6% among male patients. Also, ascitic fluid infection due to chronic liver disease was higher in patients of age above 40 years. Keywords: Ascitic fluid, Culture-negative ascitic fluid infections, Chronic liver disease
Utilization of Non-contrast Enhanced CT KUB in Patients with Suspected Renal Colic
Authors: Farhan Muhammad , Anees Shariq , Aftab Malik , Zia Khurram , Qayum Abdul
Published: January 2022

Objective: The purpose of this study was to compare the yield of non-contrast enhanced CT KUB in patients with suspected renal colic across different ordering specialties. Materials and methods: We conducted a retrospective assessment of 130 consecutive CT KUB tests that were ordered for suspected renal colic at Bahria Town International Hospital Karachi in the previous year. The demographic parameters, referring clinician, and ultimate diagnosis of the participants were all examined in the data. We included only individuals who had CT scans as the first line of treatment for clinically suspected reno-ureteral colic. A total of three divisions of departments placed orders for these CT KUB examinations: urologists, emergency room (ER) physicians, and others. Results: The inclusion criteria were met by 96 out of 130 CT KUB procedures done in the previous year. The mean age of the patients was 33 years and 11 months, and the vast majority (87 percent, or n=83) were male. Urologists ordered the greatest number of CT KUBs (59 percent), followed by emergency room physicians (23 percent), and others (18 percent ). Almost 70% of patients complained of flank pain, which was followed by generalised stomach pain and LUTs in a few cases. 71 percent (n =68) of patients with urolithiasis had a positive result in the study. 65 percent of urologists (n=44) have a good yield, with others (n=13) coming in second and emergency room physicians (16 percent, n=11) coming in third, respectively; p = 0.05 A total of 96 CT KUB tests were performed, with 53 percent (n = 51) revealing secondary symptoms of blockage. Accidental finds accounted for 33 percent (n = 32) of all results, with the majority (n = 19) being genitourinary in nature, followed by extra-genitourinary in nature (n = 13). Conclusion: Across specialties, there is a statistically significant variance in the amount of yield. In the case of suspected urolithiasis, a CT KUB scan should be performed as a first imaging modality in consultation with the urologists. A thorough history taking and physical examination have proven to be critical measures in ordering CT KUB, which can help to reduce needless radiation exposure to the patient.
Outcomes of open Tibia Fracture using Ilizarov Ring Fixator
Authors: Hussain Akhtar , Ahmad Saeed , Iqbal Khalid , Zeb Ahmed , Ullah Rafi , Afzal Imran
Published: January 2022

Background: Currently, there has been a rise in severe trauma that occurs as a consequence of road accidents. Different treatment modalities are used for open tibia fracture but currently ilizarov ring fixator is used with better outcomes. Objective: To assess the outcomes of open tibia fracture using ilizarov ring fixator Methodology: This prospective study was carried out at the Orthopedic Department of Mercy Teaching Hospital Peshawar for duration of two years from November 2019 to November 2021. The Ilizarov ring fixator was scheduled for all of the participants in our research. Proper radiographs of the affected leg were acquired, comprising antero-posterior and lateral views. Postoperative radiographs were also collected. All the data was analyzed statistically by using SPSS version 24. Results: In this study, totally 40 patients were included. Based on radio-graphical results, 10 (25%), 18 (45%) and 12 (30%) and 00 (00%) patients have excellent, good and fair and poor results respectively while on the basis of functional outcomes, 12 (30%), 22 (55%), 2 (5%) and 4 (10%) patients have excellent, good and fair and poor results respectively. Complications like pin tract infection, superficial skin infection and chronic osteomyelitis were observed in 10 (25%), 6 (15%) and 2 (5%) patients respectively. Conclusion: Our study concludes that ilizarov external fixator can be effectively used for the management of open tibial fractures. Keywords: Open tibia fracture; Ilizarov ring fixator; Radiographs; Complication
Anatomopathological changes of the autonomic nervous system controlling the respiratory rhythm in sudden infant death: advances over the last 30 years
Authors: Lavezzi Anna Maria , Mehboob Riffat , Kurdi Maher , Tanvir Imrana , Bamaga Ahmed K. , Nasief Hisham , Malibary Husam
Published: January 2022

Sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) is an irreparable loss for the parents and has life-long consequences for the grieved family Objective: This systematic review aims to compile all the researches conducted so far on the possible involvement of respiratory neuronal structures of brainstem in SIDS Methods: Studies were extracted by using MeSH words “Sudden infant death syndrome, neuropathology” on Pubmed database and also search through hand screening. Results: A total of 114 studies were identified which were later further screened for inclusion criteria such as SIDS cases, original articles and case reports and brain nuclei involved in SIDS, while review articles and editorials were excluded. After further screening 40 studies were shortlisted. All the data was analyzed through excel, yearwise, country wise comparison was also conducted. Maximum studies (24) were published from Italy, most publications were from 2010-2020 (27). Upon final screening according to the inclusion of neuronal brain nuclei studies in SIDS, 27 studies were finalized and used for analysis. Altogether there were 805 SIDS cases and 270 controls reported in these 27 studies. Alterations in the brain nuclei included arcuate nuclei, Dorsal raphe nuclei, preBötzinger complex, vagal nuclei, Kölliker-Fuse complex, Tractus solitarius, Parabrachial Kölliker-Fuse complex, Trigeminal nucleus, Parafacial/facial complex, Dentate gurus and others Conclusions: This study highlights the importance of further research in the underlying mechanisms of SIDS. It should be investigated at neuropathological as well as molecular level to understand the mechanisms. It may guide and help to identify the vulnerable infants and save their lives in future. Key words: Neuropathology, Sudden infant death syndrome, crib death, Cot death, brainstem, breathing
Frequency of Hypokalemia in Chronic Liver Disease
Authors: Izhar Saba , Abdullah Muhammad Saad , Shahbaz Amin Muhammad , Cheema Amina , Afzal Sheeza , Afzal Sara
Published: January 2022

Background: Serum potassium concentration ranges widely in patients with Chronic liver disease (CLD). Both hypokalemia and hyperkalemia may occur, but usually normokalemia is observed. Early studies revealed a 40% prevalence of hypokalemia in cirrhotic patients, irrespective of the disease stage. Aim: To determine the frequency of hypokalemia in patients with chronic liver disease. Study design: Descriptive cross-sectional study. The study was conducted at Department of Medicine, CMH Kharian Medical College, Kharian over a period of six months. Methodology: Total 120 consecutive cases of CLD presenting with complications in the medicine ward were enrolled in the study. Ultrasonography, LFTs and other baseline investigations were done to evaluate for hepatic decompensation. Serum electrolytes (for hypokalemia) were done. Serum potassium levels were measured in 1ml of blood sample using electrolyte analyzer system. Data was analyzed using SPSS v23.0. Data was stratified for age, gender, BMI, duration of CLD, Child Pugh class and socio-economic status. Post stratification, Chi-Square test was used taking p-value ≤0.05 as significant. Results: Total 120 patients were selected for this study. Mean age of the patients was 47.1±13.7 years. Total 82(68.3%) were males and 38(31.7%) were females. 20 patients (16.7%) had hypokalemia. There was a statistical significance between hypokalemia and socio-economic status (p<0.035). Conclusion: Hypokalemia plays a key role in hepatic encephalopathy which is a common phenomenon in cirrhosis of liver. Keywords: Chronic Liver Disease, Hypokalemia, Hepatic encephalopathy.
Frequency of Thrombocytopenia and its Severity among patients of Chronic Liver Disease presenting to a Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: Mehmood Zara , Ather Ch. Adnan Ahmed , Shah Zahid Hussain , Sajad Qamar , Farooq Nazia , Ch. Saadia
Published: January 2022

Background: Chronic liver disease is associated with various complications including thrombocytopenia. Aim: To determine the frequency of thrombocytopenia and its severity among patients of chronic liver disease presented to a tertiary care hospital. Study design: It was Cross-Sectional Study. Study duration & setting: 7th December 2019 to 6th June 2020, Medical unit 2, Jinnah Hospital Lahore. Methodology: After approval from hospital ethical committee 190 patients aged 15 to 70 years having chronic liver disease were enrolled. Written informed consent was taken frequency of thrombocytopenia was determined in all patients. Results were analyzed using SPSS 24. Results: In our study total 190 patients were enrolled with mean age of 43.29±14.7 years. There were 36.3% patients in younger age group and 63.7% in elder age group. There were 46.8% male and 53.2% female patients. Thrombocytopenia was present 36.3% patients. Mild thrombocytopenia was present in 26.1%, moderate thrombocytopenia was present in 49.3% patients and severe thrombocytopenia was present in 24.6%. Conclusion: Thrombocytopenia is very common Chronic Liver Disease patients and all patients should be screened for thrombocytopenia at time of admission Keywords: Chronic liver disease, Thrombocytopenia, Male gender.
Effectiveness of Video Observation of Procedural Skills in Surgical Performance of Ophthalmology Residents
Authors: Khaqan Hussain Ahmad , Mahboob Usman , Ali Haider Muhammad , Muhammad Buksh Hasnain , Rehman Hafiz Ateeq ur
Published: January 2022

Aim: To determine the effectiveness of video observation of procedural skills (VOPS) in surgical performance of ophthalmology residents. Methods: This experimental study was done at the department of Ophthalmology, Lahore General Hospital Lahore from 1st July to 31st Dec. 2018. Sample was collected using non-probability purposive sampling technique. One surgical procedure was done four times by each resident that included chalazion surgery, pterygium surgery, extracapsular cataract extraction and phacoemulsification surgery. Surgery of each resident was recorded; later procedural skills were assessed by two independent supervisors using Likert scale for each mini-skill. Results: A total of twenty residents, five residents from each year of the four years residency program, age between 25 to 35 years, both gender male and female, who meet the inclusion criteria were included. Video observation of procedural skills (VOPS) scores of each resident demonstrated improved procedural skills in subsequent VOPS and mean scores of first VOPS versus fourth VOPS showed statistical improvement (p-value < 0.001). Mean VOPS score values of first year residents improved statistically from 6.60 ± 0.55 to 26.80 ± 1.10, for second year residents from 5.80 ± 0.84 to 22.60 ± 1.82, similarly for third and fourth year residents mean VOPS score values also improved statistically from 12.00 ± 1.87 to 41.60 ± 3.29 and 17.20 ± 4.38 to 39.40 ± 4.28 respectively. Conclusion: Video Observation of Procedural Skills (VOPS) is effective in improving surgical skills of ophthalmology residents. Key words: Effectiveness, Ophthalmology Resident, Procedural Skills, Performance, Video Observation of Procedural Skills.
Ocular Ultrasound to detect raised intracranial pressure in non-traumatic emergencies in Emergency Department
Authors: Qamar Akhtar Mohammad , Goud Raghavendra , Mishra Pradeep , Reddy Saikiran , Argey Satish
Published: January 2022

Background: Bedside optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD) measurement is increasingly being used to monitor raised intracranial pressure (ICP) in patients coming to an emergency department. This study aims to measure the accuracy of optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD) measurement by ultrasound as a non-invasive method for early detection of raised intracranial pressure (ICP) in patients with non-traumatic emergencies presenting in emergency department settings, in comparison to CT/MRI brain scan findings of raised ICP. Methods: A total of 100 patients with non-traumatic emergencies suspected of raised ICP were seen in the emergency department. Bedside ONSD measurement was done within one hour of arrival. Patients underwent a CT/MRI brain scan within one hour of the ONSD in search of raised ICP. MS Excel spreadsheet was used for coding, SPSS v23 for data analysis, independent sample ‘t-test for group comparison, Wilcoxon test for non-normally distributed data, Chi-square test for group comparison for categorical data, Fischer's exact test for frequency <  5 and 25 % of the cells, Pearson's and Spearman's correlation for linear correlation and statistical significance were kept at p <  0.05. Results: Using a cut-off ONSD value (mm) of 6.3 mm, this study found a sensitivity of 100%, specificity of 89.2%, PPV of 83.3%, NPV of 100%, and diagnostic accuracy of 93% for detection of raised ICP by bedside USG ONSD measurement compared to CT/MRI brain. Conclusions: The study shows that bedside ONSD measurement is a useful and acceptably reliable technique for detecting raised ICP of emergency department patients with non-traumatic emergencies and raised ICP.
One health: why we do what we do
Authors: Riley Jennifer
Published: January 2022

Wildlife rehabilitators are important One Health professionals. Though this is arguably one of the most impactful aspects of our work, it is often undervalued or not recognized at all by the public. Evaluating how you as a rehabilitator are contributing to the protection of human, animal, and environmental health and highlighting your involvement with the public has the potential to benefit one health, but also the rehabilitation community and the public’s perception of wildlife rehabilitation in general.
Pemberdayaan Masyarakat tentang Pencegahan Penggunaan Lem Aibon pada Remaja GKI Syaloom Klademak di Kelurahan Kofkerbu Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Remu Kota Sorong
Authors: Loihala Merry , Raka I Made
Published: January 2022

Drug abuse, one of which is the use of glue, has been widely used by teenagers. In Indonesia,about 14,000 people out of 70 million teenagers aged 12-21 years have used drugs. The misuse of aibon glue in the West Papua Province is increasingly worrying, with the number of cases approaching 1,000. In Kofkerbu Village,there are about 32 teenagers who often do ngelem and there has never been any activity to deal with teenagers in preventing or eliminating the use of aibon. The results obtained after mentoring with education by PAM GKIYouth Syaloom Klademak there was 12 (38 %). Assistance for children who do glue activities is needed so that behavior changes can occur by stopping the use of aibon glue. This assistance requires the involvement of various elements,     including the     government, religious           leaders  and       health officials.
Upaya Peningkatkan Status Pengetahuan Kesehatan Gigi dan Mulut pada Masyarakat dengan Metode Penyuluhan FlipChart dan Video di Desa Lanna
Authors: Aldilawati Sari , Wijaya Muhammad Fajrin , Hasanuddin Nur Rahmah
Published: January 2022

This community service is carried out as a form of the Tri Dharma of Higher Education, community service by raising the theme of the importance of maintaining and maintaining dental and oral health in children, pregnant women and the elderly. Dental and oral disease is one of the public health problems in Indonesia. This is based on reports of the high prevalence of sufferers of the disease, and is one of the top ten sequences of diseases that are most often complained of by the public. Dental and oral health is closely related to body health. The condition of the mouth and teeth that are not maintained will cause many problems and discomfort. In an effort to get good oral and dental health, awareness is needed to implement a healthy lifestyle by diligently brushing teeth properly and correctly. The purpose of this service is to provide understanding to the community, pregnant women and the elderly about the importance of maintaining and maintaining dental and oral health. The method of implementing community service with direct counseling techniques to the community. The results of the service, in general the counseling participants have an increased understanding of maintaining and maintaining dental and oral health. The conclusion of this service is the importance of continuous education and counseling to the community regarding the importance of maintaining and maintaining dental and oral health in children, pregnant women and the elderly.
Edukasi Kesehatan tentang Pencegahan Gout Arthritis di Kabupaten Sigi
Authors: Febrianti Nur , Kadang Yulta , Hikam Iman
Published: January 2022

Tri dharma of higher education is the obligation of lecturers, and one of them is community service. This service raised the theme of health education on the prevention of gout arthritis. Previously, a Health screening was carried out with the Sheep Indonesia Foundation that the problem found in Proud Village was gout arthritis. Proud Village is a remote area in Sigi Regency. The purpose of this community service is to increase public knowledge about the prevention of gouty arthritis. The method of implementing community service with direct counseling techniques to the community with media flip chart and leaflet. The results of the service, the community is very enthusiastic to listen to the material. Previously, many residents did not know about gout arthritis. This is reflected in the many questions asked regarding the disease. In the evaluation session, the community was given questions and on average the community could answer correctly according to the material provided. The conclusion of community service activities has been carried out smoothly. The community response is very good and it is hoped that the community can prevent the occurrence of gout arthritis, and this community service activity can be carried out regularly
Edukasi Pentingnya Vaksin Covid-19 Di Masa Pandemi Pada Masyarakat di Kelurahan Baruga dan Watubangga Kota Kendari
Authors: La Ode Muhamad Sety , Lestari Hariati , Erawan Putu Eka Meiyana
Published: January 2022

Covid-19 is still a public health problem in the world, causing more than five million deaths. Indonesia is
one of the countries that has quite a large number of Covid-19 cases, namely more than four million confirmed cases
with one hundred and four thousand deaths. One of the efforts that have been made by the government in the
context of preventing and controlling the disease is vaccination. However, even though the program is very good, not
all people have accepted the COVID-19 vaccination program. This situation was also experienced at partner locations
where in the preliminary survey, the results obtained were that public knowledge and awareness of the COVID-19
vaccine was still low. The participants were 50 posyandu cadres consisting of 25 people from Baruga Village and 25
people from Watubangga. The dedication method used is a lecture that begins with a pre-test, then counseling is
carried out and ends with an evaluation using a post-test. The results of the evaluation showed an increase in
knowledge after education about the benefits of the COVID-19 vaccine was carried out. The community and the head
of the village agreed to help the government increase the coverage of the vaccine, which will start from the
posyandu they have fostered.
Drummond e o Neorrealismo Português: confluências de uma literatura engajada
Authors: Bortoloti Marcelo
Published: January 2022

Between the 1930s and 1940s, the Brazilian poet Carlos Drummond de Andrade (1902-1987) produced a type of engaged literature, under the strong influence of socialist ideas, in a political key that would mark his verses until the end of the Second World War. This position, rare among Brazilian poets, seems to reflect the ideological climate of the time, converging with the position of many European authors linked to international communism. In this article we explore the points of contact between Drummond’s production in this period and the engaged literature that emerged in Spain and Portugal at the same time, influenced by the Spanish Civil War and the Portuguese neorealist movement. The convergence of themes, jargon and images invites us to reflect on the ideological conflict that Europe was experiencing at the time and the extent of its influence in the countries of Latin America.
The Impact of the Three Most Common Hand Cleansing Methods on the Bacterial Profile: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors:   Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Science, Knowledge University, Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq, Zefenkey Zean
Published: January 2022

Introduction: The hand harbors different species of bacteria that may play a role in the transmission of infectious diseases. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine the bacterial profile of hands and assess the efficacy of the three most common methods of hand cleansing on the reduction of that bacteria. Materials and methods: Hand swaps were collected from 150 adults. The identity of bacteria was done by standard microbiological procedures. Each participant applied one of three selected methods of hand cleansing namely, handwashing with water and plain soap, hand rubbing with an alcohol-based sanitizer, and hand wiping with alcohol-free hand sanitizer wipes. A second swap was collected after cleansing to determine the efficacy of each method by calculating the percentage of the reduction of isolated bacteria. Results: Most isolated bacteria were commensal flora like Coagulase Negative Staphylococcus (92%), and Corynebacterium spp (81.3%). Other pathogenic bacteria were isolated mainly, Staphylococcus aureus (32%), Escherichia coli (10%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (2.6%), Klebsiella spp (2.6%) and Acinetobacter spp. (2%). The hand rubbing was more efficacy than handwashing without a statistically significant difference (P>0.05), and the hand wiping had lower efficacy than the other two methods with statistically significant difference (P<0.001). Conclusions: The hand is a serious source of infection due to the variety of bacteria on it. These bacteria can be eliminated either by handwashing with water and plain soap or hand rubbing with an alcohol-based sanitizer. Alcohol-free hand sanitizer wipes should be used just for cleaning without disinfection due to their low efficacy as a sanitizer.
Fibrosis-4 index: A new marker to predict non-dipper blood pressure pattern in patients with newly diagnosed hypertension
Authors:   Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Çanakkale, Turkey, Küçük Uğur , Arslan Kadir ,   Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Çanakkale, Turkey
Published: January 2022

Introduction: Epicardial fat tissue (EFT) is a significant risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. This study aimed to investigate whether there is a relationship between the fibrosis-4 index (FIB-4 index) and EFT in newly-diagnosed hypertensive patients and explore the usability of the FIB-4 index in predicting non-dipper blood pressure (BP) pattern. Materials and methods: Our case–control study consisted of 210 patients in 3 groups according to BP values, namely normotensive, dipper, and non-dipper groups. Transthoracic echocardiography and 24-h ambulatory BP monitoring were performed in all patients. Results: The median FIB-4 index was higher in the non-dipper group [1.56 (1.10-2)] than in the dipper [1 (0.71-1.32)] and normotensive groups [0.96 (0.69-1.32)] (p < 0.001, for both). A positive correlation was observed between EFT and the FIB-4 index (r=0.389, p<0.001). In multivariate logistic regression analysis, EFT (odds ratio (OR): 0.506, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.288-2.135; p<0.001) and FIB-4 index (OR: 1.099, 95% CI: 1.621–5.556; p<0.001) were found to be independent predictors of non-dipper BP. In the receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, the FIB-4 index had 68% sensitivity and 72% specificity at a value >1.25 (area under the curve: 0.751, 95%CI: 0.679-0.823, p<0.001). Conclusions: In newly-diagnosed hypertensive people, the FIB-4 index is related to non-dipper BP patterns. FIB-4 index appears to be a helpful tool in assessing risk associated with cardiovascular disease.
Crotalaria Trichotoma (Fabaceae: Crotalarieae) – A New Record to Peninsular India
Authors: Krishnaraj M. V. , Tandeyekkal Dhruvan , Mohanan N.
Published: January 2022

Crotalaria trichotoma Bojer (Fabaceae: Crotalarieae), is reported here for the first time from Peninsular India. Detailed description and images are provided.
a new mangrove species of Acanthus L. (Acanthaceae) from the Sunderban (India)
Authors: Debnath H. , Singh B. , Giri P.
Published: January 2022

A new species of Acanthus, A. albus (Acanthaceae) is described and illustrated from Sunderban Biosphere Reserve, India.
Taʾammulāt Lughawiyah min al-Āyāt al-Bayyināt
Authors: Farid Farid
Published: January 2022

Di antara perkara yang dituntut atas kita sebagai muslim secara umum dan sebagai penuntut ilmu secara khusus terhadap al-Qurān al-Karīm adalah memahami makna-maknanya, merenungkan dan mentadabburinya, serta mengamal apa yang terkandung di dalamnya. Berangkat dari hal tersebut, maka penelitian ini berusaha untuk mendekatkan hal tersebut. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian studi pustaka yang membahas sekilas tentang refleksi linguistik dari ayat-ayat yang jelas yang diambil dari Sūrah al-Nabaʾ yang mana dalam penelitian ini peneliti mengutip dari beberapa referensi kitab tafsir dan bahasa Arab. Peneliti juga berusaha sebisa mungkin untuk merujuk kepada referensi-referensi terdahulu kemudian referensi-referensi kontemporer. Dalam penelitian ini, peneliti telah mengemukakan beberapa poin penting, yaitu: makna kata, iʿrāb di sebagian ayat, dan penjelasan dari sisi bahasa. Melalui penelitian ini, peneliti telah mendapatkan beberapa faedah, yang paling penting di antaranya adalah: 1) bahwasanya tashbīh (metafora) di dalam surah ini amatlah banyak; 2) Kuatnya lafal yang digunakan dalam surah ini dari sisi suara huruf-hurufnya, dan ini menunjukkan akan keindahan bahasa Arab dan indahnya bahasa al-Qurān al-Karīm.
Revisiting Creative Teaching Approach in Saudi EFL Classes: Theoretical and Pedagogical Perspective
Authors: M. Ismail Sayed , Mohamed Kassem Mohamed Ali
Published: January 2022

The present study aims to address the aspects of similarities and differences between the traditional and the creative teaching approaches in the Saudi EFL context by providing a comparative critical review of literature about the current teaching approaches. The study adopts a comparative critical approach that employs critical comparison to assess, critique, and synthesize the literature on a research topic in a way that enables new theoretical frameworks and perspectives to emerge. It also critically compares the previous studies dealing with creativity in teaching English as a Foreign Language with those dealing with traditional teaching approaches to explore the impediments of the application of the creative teaching approach to teaching English in a Saudi environment. The study has found that the previous studies on creativity and teaching English as a foreign language are in short of a clear understanding of how creativity can be used as an effective teaching approach and they also lack empirical evidence. In addition, there seems to be a conflation of creativity and the traditional teaching approach in the sense that although several studies claimed that they provided a creative teaching approach, their results and findings contradicted their objectives and hypotheses. In most cases, their methods were tailored to offer an impractical and illusory teaching approach, which has nothing to do with creativity. The proposed teaching approaches are incoherent and inhomogeneous which never suits either of them. Therefore empirical studies on creativity and its impact on EFL learners' minds in Saudi Arabia should be initiated.
Emergencia, estado actual y perspectivas del enfoque ontosemiótico en educación matemática
Authors: Godino Juan D.
Published: January 2022

El Enfoque Ontosemiótico de investigación en didáctica de la matemática (EOS) fue iniciado en la Universidad de Granada a principios de los noventa, como resultado de la interacción de investigadores de dicha universidad con los desarrollos teóricos de la didáctica de la matemática iniciados en Francia. Así mismo, la diversidad de teorías usadas para estudiar los procesos de enseñanza y aprendizaje de las matemáticas llevó a la convicción de la necesidad y utilidad de tratar de clarificarlas, compararlas y avanzar en su posible integración. La estrategia de articulación de las teorías y el desarrollo de la aproximación ontosemiótica al conocimiento matemático y su aprendizaje ha sido fruto del análisis racional de los fundamentos, cuestiones y métodos de diversos marcos teóricos existentes y de la aplicación de las herramientas teóricas que se fueron produciendo en diversos trabajos experimentales. En este artículo presento una síntesis histórica del origen y desarrollo del EOS, sus principales aportaciones para la investigación en didáctica de las matemáticas, su estado actual a nivel internacional y algunas reflexiones sobre nuevas cuestiones abiertas y las dificultades para abordarlas.
Alman Hukukuyla Karşılaştırmalı Olarak Muhakemeye Katılan Süjelerin Tanık Olup Olamayacakları Sorunu
Authors: DEMİREL Muhammed
Published: January 2022

Ceza muhakemesi hukukunun temel amacı, maddi gerçeğe ulaşmaktır ve bunun için muhakeme konusu olaya ilişkin delil araştırılır. Ceza muhakemesinde hukuka uygun olarak elde edilen her şey delil olabilir. Bu deliller arasında olaya tanıklık eden kişilerin beyanı da yer almaktadır. Gelişen teknolojiyle birlikte yeni delil elde etme yöntemleri bulunmasına rağmen tanık beyanı, önemini hiçbir zaman kaybetmemiştir. Hatta muhakeme konusu olaya ilişkin bilgi sahibi olan kişinin beyanda bulunması bir yükümlülük olarak görülmektedir. Tam bu noktada muhakemede görev alan hâkim, savcı, müdafi gibi kişiler, yargılama konusu olayla ilgili bilgi sahibi olurlarsa bu kişilerin tanık olup olamayacakları sorusu ortaya çıkmaktadır. Buna göre muhakeme konusu olayla ilgili tanıklık yapan bir savcı ya da müdafi, muhakeme konusu olayda görevine devam edecek midir? Bundan daha önemlisi; şüpheli ya da sanıklar, birbirleri aleyhine tanıklık yapabilirler mi? İşte bu incelemenin amacı, bu soruların cevaplarını Türk ve Alman hukukuyla karşılaştırmalı olarak vermektir.
Imali Nolwazi (“We Need Money and Knowledge”): A rallying cry from the South African Homeless Peoples Federation
Authors: Ismail Salma
Published: January 2022

This article tracks the history of the Victoria Mxenge Housing Project (1994-2013), from its start as a development organisation to its evolution into a social movement, then as a service provider and currently as an independent organisation. I discuss these developments against the political context in which there is rapid urbanisation in a country with a history of violent land dispossession. Post-apartheid, the state has built many houses, provided sanitation and electricity to thousands of poor people but it did not live up to the promises presented in the South African Constitution that was mapped out in 1994. Against this background, the article tells the story of poor, homeless African women in the Victoria Mxenge Project (VM), an affiliate of the South African Homeless People’s Federation linked to International social movements such as Indian Slum dwellers International. The women, through a process of learning, acquired the skills to save, secure land, build more than 5000 houses and become leaders of a housing social movement which later became a service provider to the state. It describes the choices they faced in an ever-changing social movement caught up in a struggle to mobilise for land and housing. This story further explores the creative and critical role that radical adult education played in a development context. It illustrates how South African poor citizens learned through social activism and community development. It explores the current context in which the housing movement has become fractured and more radical organisations enter the struggle, Finally, it discusses the different and more complex interactions between social movements, NGOs and the state and how knowledge is produced in informal sites which can lead to social transformation.
MULTI-STORY AND INTELLIGENT CAR PARKING SYSTEM
Authors:   Asst. Professor, Department of Electrical & Electronics Engineering, Sage University, Bhopal, India, Soni Aaradhna
Published: January 2022

Abstract— The proposed work implements a 8 bit controller based multi-storey car parking system. This work aimed to make the current vehicle parking technique increasingly advantageous, easy to use, programmed and least human mediation. The central part of this system is a 8 bit microcontroller which takes care of parking and exit of vehicles. There are totally 3 floors (floor 0, 1 and 2) each containing 8 slots (slot 0 to slot 7) for parking of cars. Cars are carried to the available free slots in any floor by means of 2 motors controlled by the P89v51rd2(8051 microcontroller). LCD displays the user instructions, messages and status of the system at different conditions. Keypad is provided for entering parking or taking out option. One IR sensor is used to detect the floor number by sensing the IR signal from the IR transmitters located in each floor. The user is provided with the facility of pre-booking or reservation of slots using GSM (Global System for Mobile Communications).
Developing a Mobile Application as a Learning Medium on Maternal Emergencies Related to Postpartum Hemorrhage
Authors:   STIKES Tri Mandiri Sakti, Indonesia, Hibrida Raya Street No.3 Bengkulu City, Bengkulu, Indonesia., Pebri Giena Vike , Maiseptya Sari Ruri ,   STIKES Tri Mandiri Sakti, Indonesia, Hibrida Raya Street No.3 Bengkulu City, Bengkulu, Indonesia., Nuraini Sasmita Fatima ,   STIKES Tri Mandiri Sakti, Indonesia, Hibrida Raya Street No.3 Bengkulu City, Bengkulu, Indonesia., Rahmawati Ida ,   STIKES Tri Mandiri Sakti, Indonesia, Hibrida Raya Street No.3 Bengkulu City, Bengkulu, Indonesia.
Published: January 2022

Maternal mortality (MM) remains a problem in the world as 380 mothers die from complications related to pregnancy and childbirth worldwide. Postpartum hemorrhage is the world’s leading cause of maternal mortality. In Indonesia, there were 8,600 maternal mortality cases in 2017, while the target to be achieved by 2025 is 74 per 100,000 live births. The aim of this study was to develop a mobile application as a learning medium on maternal emergencies. A research and development (R&D) study was conducted on 56 midwifery students, who were selected by total sampling. The KGD (KeGawatDaruratan) Maternal application was developed by using the ADDIE (analyze, design, develop, implement, evaluate) instruction model and was validated by two experts, namely, midwifery and media experts. The KGD Maternal application was assessed by midwifery students using structured questionnaires named the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) questionnaires, which covered perceived ease of use (PEOU) and perceived usefulness (PU). The results of this study revealed that the KGD Maternal application was considered valid by the material expert and very valid by the media expert. As many as 69.6% of the midwifery students rated the KGD Maternal application as useful in the learning process on maternal and neonatal emergencies, and 73.2% rated it as easy to use. This study also revealed that the KGD Maternal application could provide greater opportunities for midwifery students to access, and facilitate and enable them to understand, materials about maternal emergencies. Based on the findings in this study, institutions of midwifery and nursing education should design and develop learning media that can provide a more optimal learning process. Furthermore, a higher extent of mobile application development is needed to provide better learning media. Increased knowledge and competency will clearly result in decreased maternal mortality.
Pengaruh non Performing Financing dan Financing to Deposit Ratio terhadap Pembiayaan pada Bank DKI Syariah
Authors: Najibullah Najibullah , Nurjaya Nurjaya
Published: January 2022

This study aims to determine the effect of Non Performing Financing and Financing to Deposit Ratio on Financing at Bank DKI Syariah. The method used is explanatory research. The analysis technique uses statistical analysis with regression testing, correlation, determination and hypothesis testing. The results of this study Non Performing Financing has a significant negative effect on financing by 54.9%, hypothesis testing obtained t count <t table or (-2.920 <2.365). Financing to Deposit Ratio has a significant negative effect on financing by 52.1%, hypothesis testing is obtained t count <t table or (-2,759 <2,365). Simultaneously Non Performing Financing and Financing to Deposit Ratio have a negative but insignificant effect on financing, the regression equation Y = 39.568 - 0.630X1 - 0.132X2 and a determination value of 57.9%, hypothesis testing obtained F value <F table or (4,110 <4,760).
PENGARUH PENINGKATAN PEMASANGAN WI-FI DI KOTA PRABUMULIH
Authors: Dekas Rikkie
Published: January 2022

Latar belakang penelitian ini adalah akibat pandemi Covid-19 telah membuat masyarakatuntuk berpikir dalam melakukan segala aktivitasnya. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untukmengetahui pengaruh peningkatan pemasangan wi-fi di Kota Prabumulih (Studi KasusMasyarakat di Masa Pandemi Covid-19). Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metodedeskriptif kualitatif. Untuk menunjang penelitian yang valid, peneliti menggunakan angketyang selanjutnya diberikan kepada masyarakat yang bekerja diinstansi pemerintah danswasta serta mahasiswa yang ada di Kota Prabumulih. Selain menggunakan angket, penelitijuga menggunakan referensi jurnal dan buku yang relevan dengan penelitian. Sumber-sumberrefensi tersebut berguna untuk membangun penelitian yang sedang peneliti lakukan. Hasildari penelitian ini adalah mayoritas masyarakat yang menjadi objek penelitian sangatmembutuhkan jaringan internet yang kuat. Mayoritas memilih menggunakan jaringan wi-fiindihome agar aktivitasnya dapat berjalan dengan baik. Masyarakat memilih wi-fi indihomesebagai langkah agar dapat memudahkan dalam kegiatan sehari-harinya. Hal ini dapat dilihatdari angket yang diberikan kepada 5 peserta. Mayoritas menilai penggunaan wi-fi indihomesangat tepat dan murah untuk keluarga. Berbagai aktivitas pekerjaan dilaksanakan secaravirtual dan jaringan internet yang kuat menjadi solusi selama kegiatan ini berlangsung selamamasa pandemi Covid-19. Dalam kenyataannya tidak hanya masyarakat yang bekerja diinstansi saja, namun mahasiswa dan masyarakat umum juga banyak memanfaatkan fasilitaswi-fi indihome tersebut. Simpulan dari penelitian ini adalah pandemi Covid-19 membuatsemua kalangan harus bekerja sama untuk memutus tali penyebarannya. Masyarakat KotaPrabumulih memilih menggunakan wi-fi sebagai penunjang kehidupan sehari-harinya yangdapat terakses didalam rumah.
Pengaruh Disiplin terhadap Kinerja Karyawan pada PT. Ciptamega Infra Sarana di Jakarta
Authors: Muhaimin Abdul
Published: January 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh disiplin terhadap kinerja karyawan pada PT. Ciptamega Infra Sarana di Jakarta. Metode yang digunakan adalah explanatory research dengan sampel sebanyak 65 responden. Teknik analisis menggunakan analisis statistik dengan pengujian regresi, korelasi, determinasi dan uji hipotesis. Hasil penelitian ini variabel disiplin diperoleh nilai rata-rata skor sebesar 3,694 dengan kriteria baik. Variabel kinerja karyawan diperoleh nilai rata-rata skor sebesar 3,831 dengan kriteria baik. Disiplin berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kinerja karyawan dengan nilai persamaan regresi Y = 16,249 + 0,597X, dan nilai koefisien korelasi 0,723 atau memiliki tingkat hubungan yang kuat dengan nilai determinasi 52,3%. Uji  hipotesis diperoleh signifikansi 0,000 < 0,05.