bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Absorbable Barbed Continuous versus Nonabsorbable Nonbarbed Interrupted Suturing Methods for Donor-site Closure of the Rectus Abdominis Myocutaneous Flap
Authors: Kitano Daiki , Nomura Tadashi , Sakakibara Shunsuke , Terashi Hiroto
Published: January 2023

Background:

Abdominal incisional hernia is a complication of the rectus abdominis myocutaneous (RAMC) flap harvest. This study aimed to compare the incidence of abdominal incisional hernia and donor-site closure time between absorbable barbed continuous (ABC) and non-absorbable non-barbed interrupted (nAnBI) methods.

Methods:

This study included 145 patients who underwent free RAMC flap reconstruction after head and neck cancer surgery at Kobe University Hospital between January 2012 and March 2020. The nAnBI method was selected between January 2012 and August 2016, and the ABC method was selected between September 2016 and March 2020. The incidence of abdominal incisional hernia and the average time required for donor-site closure were compared between the two groups.

Results:

Of the 145 patients surveyed, 116 (57 and 59 in the nAnBI and ABC groups, respectively) were followed-up for at least 90 days after the surgery. The incidence rates of abdominal incisional hernia were 0% and 5.1% (n = 3) in the nAnBI and ABC groups, respectively, with no significant differences (p = 0.244). The average donor-site closure times were 127.6 and 111.3 minutes in the nAnBI and ABC groups, respectively, with no significant differences (p = 0.122).

Conclusions:

No significant differences in the incidence of abdominal incisional hernia and donor-site closure time were observed between the nAnBI and ABC groups. However, there was a tendency for increased hernia occurrence and shorter wound closure time in the ABC group. A randomized prospective multicenter study is warranted to validate our findings of the ABC method.
Health Promotion Model-Based Skin Health Program to Improve Skin Health Behaviors, Quality of Life, and Self-Efficacy and Reduce Eczema Symptoms in Hairdresser Apprentices
Authors: Aktas Emine , Esin M. Nihal
Published: January 2023

Purpose

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the skin health promotion program based on the health promotion model (HPM) to reduce hand eczema (HE) symptom severity and improve skin health behavior in young hairdressers and barber apprentices.

Design and Methods

The study was designed as pretest–posttest quasi-experimental control group research with repetitive measurements in the first-, third-, and sixth-month follow-up, which included 96 young workers (intervention = 48, control = 48). The program, as secondary prevention, consists of training with evidence-based recommendations, cognitive determinants, and practices to improve skin health behaviors.

Findings

The mean age of the young workers was 20.77 ± 4.85 years. After the sixth month of intervention, total severity scores of HE symptoms in the intervention group were significantly decreased from 5.92 to 2.91. In addition, the frequency of skin health behaviors and cognitive factors showed statistically positive changes (p < .05).

Conclusions

The skin health promotion program based on HPM is effective in reducing HE symptoms and improving the skin health behaviors of young workers. Healthcare professionals, especially nurses, can use the HPM-based skin health program to improve skin health and psychological health resulting from skin disease symptoms in other specific skin diseases for their patients.
Papulopustular Eruptions on Inner Thighs
Authors: Park Ariel , Jacob Sharon E.
Published: January 2023

Teledermatology is a term to describe the provision of dermatologic medical services through telecommunication technology. This is a teledermatology case of papulopustular eruptions on the inner thighs.
5-Year Observation Period of Quality of Life After Cochlear Implantation
Authors: Weichbold Viktor , Zelger Philipp , Galvan Oliver , Muigg Franz
Published: January 2023

Background

Only few studies assessed health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in cochlear implant (CI) patients for a period of more than 2 years. Some of these studies indicated that HRQoL might decrease after that period. The goal of our study was to see whether HRQoL indeed decreases or remains stable beyond 2 years after implant activation.

Methods

Twenty-five adults (11 women, 14 men; mean age at implantation: 60 ± 19 yr) with a unilateral CI for profound hearing loss were administered two questionnaires: the Nimjegen Cochlear Implant Questionnaire and the Health Utility Index 3 (HUI 3). The Nimjegen Cochlear Implant Questionnaire total score and the HUI single-attribute utility score of Hearing are measures of hearing-specific HRQoL, whereas the HUI multiattribute utility score is a measure of generic HRQoL. The questionnaires were administered before cochlear implantation and 1, 2, and 5 years after implant activation.

Results

Hearing-specific HRQoL was significantly improved at 1 year after implant activation and did not significantly change thereafter. Generic HRQoL also showed significant improvement at 1 year after implant activation, but deteriorated to a clinically relevant degree thereafter.

Conclusions

The significant improvement of hearing-specific HRQoL obtained from cochlear implantation was fully maintained for up to 5 years after implantation. Generic HRQoL of our CI patients, however, fluctuated over time. The decrease of generic HRQoL is supposed to reflect general age-associated health declines.
Global series: Complex regional pain syndrome: abstracts from the International Association for the Study of Pain complex regional pain syndrome SIG virtual symposia 2021
Authors: Lewis Jennifer S. , Kashif Muhammad , Maan Aasam , Ciampi de Andrade Daniel , Casey Michelle , Moon Jee Youn , Lin Chih-Peng , Danielsson Lena , Quek Terence , Díez Tafur Rodrigo , Aloweidi Abdelkarim , Birklein Frank , Knudsen Lone , Goebel Andreas
Published: January 2023

The aim of this IASP complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) SIG Global Series 2021 was to bring together clinicians including those from developing countries to better understand the clinical presentation of complex regional pain syndrome in countries with less well-published patient populations. The purpose was to learn from each other about the range of treatments, successful outcomes, and challenges experienced. These meeting proceedings comprise abstracts from nine countries that span 4 continents and are summaries of online presentations delivered by speakers representing these countries over the course of 2 symposia. The symposia were attended by a global audience of approximately 360 people. Patients with CRPS were described and treated by clinicians from countries across Asia (Pakistan, Jordan, South Korea, Taiwan, and Singapore), South America (Brazil and Peru), Africa (South Africa), and Europe (Norway). This reflects that CRPS exists across borders, ethnicities, and cultures. These proceedings provide a broader perspective within the international pain community about how we can better understand and treat CRPS across the globe.
Migratory birds are able to choose the appropriate migratory direction under dim yellow monochromatic light
Authors: Romanova Nadezhda , Utvenko Gleb , Prokshina Anisia , Cellarius Fyodor , Fedorischeva Aleksandra , Pakhomov Alexander
Published: January 2023

Previously it has been shown that migratory birds were oriented in the appropriate migratory direction under UV, blue and green monochromatic lights (short-wavelength) and were unable to use their magnetic compass in total darkness and under yellow and red light (long-wavelength). Currently, it is generally assumed that the magnetic compass of birds works correctly only under short-wavelength light. However, it also been suggested that the magnetic compass has two sensitivity peaks: in the short and long wavelengths, but with different intensities. In this project, we aimed to study the orientation of long-distance migrants, pied flycatchers (Ficedula hypoleuca), in different monochromatic lights during autumn migration. The birds were tested in the natural magnetic field (NMF) and 120° CCW shifted magnetic field (CMF) under green and yellow light (intensity 1 mW m−2). All tests were performed in a specially constructed wooden laboratory equipped with magnetic coils to manipulate the magnetic field. We showed that (1) pied flycatchers were completely disoriented under green light both in the NMF and CMF but (2) showed the migratory direction in NMF and the appropriate response to CMF under yellow light. Our data contradict results of previous experiments under monochromatic yellow light and might indicate the previously proposed hypothesis of two different mechanisms in avian magnetoreception (a high-sensitive short-wavelength mechanism and a low-sensitive mechanism in the long-wavelength spectrum) has a right to exist.
Primed to resolve: A single cell atlas of the shoulder capsule reveals a cellular basis for resolving inflammatory fibrosis
Authors: Ng Michael TH , Borst Rowie , Gacaferi Hamez , Davidson Sarah , Machado Caio C , Reekie Ian , Attar Moustafa , Windell Dylan , Kurowska-Stolarska Mariola , MacDonald Lucy , Alivernini Stefano , Garvilles Micon , Jansen Kathrin , Bhalla Ananya , Lee Angela , Charlesworth James , Chowdhury Rajat , Klenerman Paul , Powell Kate , Hackstein Carl-Philip ,   ICECAP study group, Furniss Dominic , Rees Jonathan , Gilroy Derek , Coles Mark , Carr Andrew J , Sansom Stephen N , Buckley Christopher D , Dakin Stephanie G
Published: January 2023

Fibrotic conditions are a significant global disease burden. While some therapies delay disease progression, none reverse fibrosis. To gain insights into how fibrosis might resolve, we developed a comparative single cell atlas of frozen shoulder capsule tissue; a chronic inflammatory fibrotic human disease that resolves spontaneously. We identified both a population of pro-inflammatory MERTKlowCD48+ macrophages (Mφ) and a population of MERTK+LYVE1+MRC1+Mφ enriched for negative regulators of inflammation. Micro-cultures of patient-derived cells identified cell-matrix interactions between MERTK+Mφ and DKK3+ and POSTN+ fibroblasts, suggesting that matrix remodelling plays a role in the resolution of frozen shoulder. Cross-tissue analysis revealed a shared gene expression cassette between MERTK+Mφ in the shoulder capsule and a similar cell population enriched in synovial tissues from rheumatoid arthritis patients in disease remi ssion, supporting the concept that MERTK+Mφ provide a cellular basis for the resolution of inflammation and fibrosis. Single-cell transcriptomic profiling and spatial analysis of human foetal shoulder tissues identified MERTK+LYVE1+MRC1+Mφ and DKK3+ and POSTN+ fibroblast populations analogous to those identified in adult shoulder capsule, suggesting that the template to resolve fibrosis is established during development. Therapeutic enhancement of crosstalk between MerTK+Mφ and pro-resolving DKK3+ and POSTN+ fibroblasts could accelerate resolution of frozen shoulder and resolve persistent inflammatory fibrotic disease in other tissues.
Mechanistic insights into the role of Ca2+-stimulated AMPK in the secretion of cellulases during carbon stress
Authors: Randhawa Anmoldeep , Sinha Tulika , Das Maitreyee , Ogunyewo Olusola A. , Jawed Kamran , Yazdani Syed Shams
Published: January 2023

The response of filamentous fungi towards recalcitrant carbohydrates is majorly governed by transcriptional activators of cellulase genes; however, little is known about the downstream events beyond transcription. We show here inPenicillium funiculosumthat increasing the expression of a transcriptional activator CLR-2 in the catabolically derepressed strain, ΔMig1, didn’t exhibit a synergistic effect on cellulase production unless Ca2+was simultaneously increased. The RNA-seq screen for Ca2+-activated kinases identified SNF1-AMPK and SSP1-AMPKK as being specific to cellulose induction. Deletion ofsnf1led to negligible secretion of cellulase upon induction. Quantitative whole-cell proteomics followed by chemical-genetic experiments withsnf1-deleted strain showed that Ca2+-signaling channelizes carbon, nitrogen and energy sources towards cellulase production. Further, Ca2+-signaling phosphorylates SNF1-AMPK via SSP1, which in turn downregulates the phospho-HOG1 levels, leading to stimulus for cellulase secretion during carbon stress. The findings reported here are significant for understanding fungal pathology and developing second-generation biorefineries.
The configurational effects of centrifugal and centripetal forces on firms' breakthrough innovation and strategic performance in the artificial intelligence context
Authors: Yu Jun , Wen Qian , Xu Qin
Published: January 2023

Purpose

The purpose of this study is to empirically explore how firms configure centrifugal and centripetal forces in promoting breakthrough innovation (BI), thus improving their strategic performance (SP) in the artificial intelligence (AI) context.

Design/methodology/approach

This study applies the centrifugal and centripetal forces model to a survey sample of 285 Chinese AI firms. Fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA) and propensity score matching (PSM) are integrated to explore the configurational effects of three centrifugal forces—the autonomy of technical experts, knowledge search and alliance network—and two centripetal forces—strictness of organisational institutions (SOI) and human–human–AI collaboration (HHAC)—on BI, examining whether the configurations that enhance BI can further improve SP.

Findings

The results indicate that the strictness of innovation institutions (SII) and strictness of ethical institutions (SEI) are equally important for determining SOI. Three configurations can improve BI when SOI and HHAC are the core conditions; only one of three configurations can further improve SP significantly.

Originality/value

By introducing SOI composed of equally important levels of SII and SEI and HHAC, this research is one of the few empirical studies to explore the mechanisms behind the impact of centrifugal and centripetal forces on BI and SP, which may help researchers and managers address innovation challenges in the AI context.
The landscape of research data management services in Malaysian academic libraries: librarians’ practices and roles
Authors: Amanullah Siti Wahida , Abrizah A.
Published: January 2023

Purpose

The debate about academic librarians’ roles in research data management (RDM) services is currently relevant, especially in the context of making research data findable, accessible, interoperable and reproducible. This study aims to explore the RDM services offered by Malaysian academic libraries and the implementation progress based on the librarians’ practices and roles.

Design/methodology/approach

This descriptive study involves three sequential forms of data collection: a website analysis of 20 academic libraries relating to RDM services, training and policy; an online survey of the academic libraries’ RDM implementation progress; and semi-structured interviews with three academic librarians to gauge their practices and roles in RDM services.

Findings

Malaysian academic libraries provide RDM services based on their related or basic skills which are bibliographic management tools, institutional repository and openness of research data rather than impacted services to support RDM, such as data analysis, data citation, data mining or data visualisation services. Although the librarians were aware of RDM and their roles in research data services, the progress of practicing and implementation of the RDM services still has not been fully delivered to support the main RDM elements.

Practical implications

This study illustrates the RDM roadmap on the current landscape of areas and types of services that the libraries are doing well. The list of services can be used and implemented as the best practices or strategies to be applied within Malaysian academic libraries.

Originality/value

This study highlights the gaps of RDM services in Malaysian academic libraries. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, as this is the first study in Malaysia that articulates the case of RDM services in academic libraries, it has paved the way for further research.
Employing the houseless as corporate social responsibility
Authors: Smith Nicholas A. , Martinez Larry R. , Xu Shi (Tracy) , Mattila Anna , Gao Lisa Yixing
Published: January 2023

Purpose

Many hospitality organizations see the benefits of engaging in corporate social responsibility (CSR), which can take many forms. This study aims to examine one relatively unique form of CSR: hiring individuals experiencing houselessness. This research aimed to investigate the impact of hiring individuals experiencing houselessness on customers’ behavioral intentions, attitudes toward an organization and perceptions of CSR actions.

Design/methodology/approach

Across two experiments, this study investigated the impact of employing individuals experiencing houselessness on customers’ perceptions of the employee and organization using organizational legitimacy theory.

Findings

Results demonstrate that employees known to be houseless elicited more positive employee and organizational perceptions from the customers, mediated by CSR perceptions. In addition, the gender of the employees or the quality of the organization did not impact these findings.

Practical implications

Hospitality and tourism organizations should consider using available resources or tax benefits to make a deliberate effort to employ those experiencing houselessness.

Originality/value

Using organizational legitimacy theory, this study examines CSR perceptions as a potential explanatory mechanism between houselessness and customers’ reactions.
Empirical evidence of SMEs' ecopreneurship posture, green competitiveness and community-based performance: the neglected missing linkages of green practices
Authors: Afum Ebenezer , Agyabeng-Mensah Yaw , Baah Charles , Acquah Innocent Senyo Kwasi , Osei Martin Boakye
Published: January 2023

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the direct and mediation effects of small- and medium-sized enterprises' (SMEs) ecopreneurship posture (EP), green inbound practices (GIP), green production practices (GPP), green outbound practices (GOP), community-based performance (CBP) and green competitiveness (GC).

Design/methodology/approach

Empirical data for the study were garnered by utilizing questionnaire from Ghanaian manufacturing SMEs. Structural equation modeling, specifically partial least squares is applied to test the hypothesized relationships.

Findings

The findings suggest that SMEs' EP, GIP and GPP have significant positive effects on CBP and GC. However, while GOP has a significant effect on GC, it has no significant effect on CBP. Moreover, the mediation result demonstrates that while GIP and GPP significantly mediates the relationship between SMEs' EP and CBP, GOP does not provide any mediation mechanism through which SMEs' EP influence CBP. The result further confirms the mediation roles of GIP, GPP and GOP between SMEs' EP and GC.

Originality/value

This research offers novel empirical evidence by exploring the mediation roles of GIP, GPP and GOP between EP, CBP and GC through the lenses of the natural resource-based view and stakeholder theoretical perspectives.
Robust optimization design method for structural reliability based on active-learning MPA-BP neural network
Authors: Dong Zhao , Sheng Ziqiang , Zhao Yadong , Zhi Pengpeng
Published: January 2023

Purpose

Mechanical products usually require deterministic finite element analysis in the design phase to determine whether their structures meet the requirements. However, deterministic design ignores the influence of uncertainties in the design and manufacturing process of mechanical products, leading to the problem of a lack of design safety or excessive redundancy in the design. In order to improve the accuracy and rationality of the design results, a robust design method for structural reliability based on an active-learning marine predator algorithm (MPA)–backpropagation (BP) neural network is proposed.

Design/methodology/approach

The MPA was used to obtain the optimal weights and thresholds of a BP neural network, and an active-learning function applicable to neural networks was proposed to efficiently improve the prediction performance of the BP neural network. On this basis, a robust optimization design method for mechanical product reliability based on the active-learning MPA-BP model was proposed. Random moving quadrilateral sampling was used to obtain the sample points required for training and testing of the neural network, and the reliability sensitivity corresponding to each sample point was calculated by subset simulated significant sampling (SSIS). The total mass of the mechanical product and the structural reliability sensitivity of the trained active-learning MPA-BP model output were taken as the optimization objectives, and a multi-objective reliability-robust optimization design model was constructed, which was solved by the second-generation non-dominated ranking genetic algorithm (NSGA-II). Then, the dominance function was used in the obtained Pareto solution set to make a dominance-seeking decision to obtain the final reliability-robust optimization design solution. The feasibility of the proposed method was verified by a reliability-robust optimization design example of the bogie frame.

Findings

The prediction error of the active-learning MPA-BP neural network was smaller than those of the particle swarm optimization (PSO)-BP, marine predator algorithm (MPA)-BP and genetic algorithm (GA)-BP neural networks under the same basic parameter settings of the algorithm, which indicated that the improvement strategy proposed in this paper improved the prediction accuracy of the BP neural network. To ensure the reliability of the bogie frame, the reliability sensitivity and total mass of the bogie frame were reduced, which not only realized the lightweight design of the bogie frame, but also improved the reliability and robustness of the bogie.

Originality/value

The MPA algorithm with a higher optimization efficiency was introduced to find the weights and thresholds of the BP neural network. A new active-learning function was proposed to improve the prediction accuracy of the MPA-BP neural network.
Hospitality management in times of crisis: a corporate social responsibility perspective
Authors: Alsheyab Mousa , Filimon Nela , Fusté-Forné Francesc
Published: January 2023

Purpose

From a hospitality and tourism perspective, the purpose of this study is to analyse the case of Jordan by looking at the implementation of corporate social responsibility (CSR) practices in the hospitality industry and their contribution to the management of the pandemic crisis, with a special focus on large hotels.

Design/methodology/approach

The method focuses on a qualitative study based on ten in-depth interviews with senior managers of five-star hotels in Jordan, fully used as quarantine facilities during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Findings

The study reveals how and why the implementation of CSR practices contributes to the crisis management in Jordan, also highlighting the role of the managers and the hotels’ organizational cultures.

Originality/value

Drawing from the unique case of Jordan, to the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first study which analyses the close relationships between crisis and hospitality management from a CSR perspective, and the impact of organizational cultures and ethical strategies on local stakeholders.
Contextual imperatives for effective shared instructional leadership: a fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis
Authors: Zhan Xi , Cao Min
Published: January 2023

Purpose

Principal instructional leadership and teacher participation in decision-making are conceptualized as shared instructional leadership (SIL) – a management philosophy that positively impacts student academic performance. However, the statistically meaningful relationship between SIL and student performance remains controversial as SIL functioning is influenced by various fundamental school conditions shaped by education policy, including high-stakes accountability, school autonomy and teacher professionalization. The authors examined the relationship between three SIL policy configurations and promising student performance: inclusion, exclusion and insensitive to SIL.

Design/methodology/approach

The authors used fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis on data obtained from the Program for International Student Assessment (2015) results, including principals' responses to leadership questions and school conditions shaped by policy, and student science scores in 64 countries and areas.

Findings

The role of SIL in student performance varied among the three configurations, and the condition of teacher professionalization in the configuration was consistently associated with high student performance.

Originality/value

SIL can create conditions for continued professional development of the teaching workforce in conjunction with school conditions shaped by policy.
Leader failed humor and follower advice seeking
Authors: Ji Xiaode , Liu Shengming , Wang Hui
Published: January 2023

Purpose

Drawing on benign violation theory (BVT), this paper aimed to investigate the underlining mechanism and boundary condition of the relationship between follower perception of leader failed humor and follower advice seeking.

Design/methodology/approach

A three-wave survey with 256 leader-follower dyads and an online experiment with 117 participants were conducted to test the hypotheses.

Findings

The results showed that leader failed humor decreased follower liking toward leader and subsequently reduced follower advice seeking. Moreover, this negative relationship was exacerbated when leader and follower had infrequent interaction.

Originality/value

Existing research has encouraged leaders to use humor to build and maintain successful interpersonal relationships. However, the situation that a leader may fail when attempting to present humor is neglected. This study advances the concept of leader failed humor and explores its subsequent consequences.
Contextual analysis of scholarly communications to identify the source of disinformation on digital scholarly platforms
Authors: Desai Mitali , Mehta Rupa G. , Rana Dipti P.
Published: January 2023

Purpose

Scholarly communications, particularly, questions and answers (Q&A) present on digital scholarly platforms provide a new avenue to gain knowledge. However, several studies have raised a concern about the content anomalies in these Q&A and suggested a proper validation before utilizing them in scholarly applications such as influence analysis and content-based recommendation systems. The content anomalies are referred as disinformation in this research. The purpose of this research is firstly, to assess scholarly communications in order to identify disinformation and secondly, to help scholarly platforms determine the scholars who probably disseminate such disinformation. These scholars are referred as the probable sources of disinformation.

Design/methodology/approach

To identify disinformation, the proposed model deduces (1) content redundancy and contextual redundancy in questions (2) contextual nonrelevance in answers with respect to the questions and (3) quality of answers with respect to the expertise of the answering scholars. Then, the model determines the probable sources of disinformation using the statistical analysis.

Findings

The model is evaluated on ResearchGate (RG) data. Results suggest that the model efficiently identifies disinformation from scholarly communications and accurately detects the probable sources of disinformation.

Practical implications

Different platforms with communication portals can use this model as a regulatory mechanism to restrict the prorogation of disinformation. Scholarly platforms can use this model to generate an accurate influence assessment mechanism and also relevant recommendations for their scholars.

Originality/value

The existing studies majorly deal with validating the answers using statistical measures. The proposed model focuses on questions as well as answers and performs a contextual analysis using an advanced word embedding technique.
The differential pricing of cash flows and total accruals
Authors: Mostafa Wael
Published: January 2023

Purpose

Recent studies on the securities market's differential pricing of earnings components indicate that cash flows from operations are valued more highly than extreme total accruals. However, no previous study has examined whether cash flows from operations have a higher valuation than moderate total accruals. Therefore, this study examines the securities market's differential pricing of cash flows from operations and both moderate and extreme total accruals.

Design/methodology/approach

The study's sample is divided into two sub-samples: a moderate total accruals sub-sample; and an extreme total accruals sub-sample. To evaluate whether cash flows have a higher valuation when compared to total accruals, for the entire sample and for each of the two sub-samples, the study examines the statistical significance of the difference between slope coefficients of cash flows and total accruals for regression of returns on both unexpected cash flows from operations and unexpected total accruals.

Findings

Consistent with prior research, results from the entire sample show a differential higher valuation of cash flows when compared to total accruals. Another finding, consistent with recent studies, is that cash flows from operations have a higher valuation when compared to extreme total accruals. However, there is no higher differential valuation of cash flows over moderate total accruals. These findings support the decomposition of earnings into the components of cash flows from operations and total accruals only when total accruals are extreme (rather than moderate).

Practical implications

A possible explanation for these results is that since accruals predict cash flows, total accruals – when moderate (i.e. not extreme) – are priced similarly to cash flows. These results reveal that when total accruals are moderate, earnings are a better proxy for the underlying cash flows (over the entire future horizon, not just the current period) than is cash flows. However, since total accruals are unlikely to persist in a permanent way over the years, these results indicate that the decomposition of earnings into the components of cash flows from operations and total accruals is consistent with the information set used to value equity securities. Therefore, separate disclosure of cash flows is value relevant. In addition, users of financial statements certainly need the cash flows information as an ex-post validation of the prior earnings.

Originality/value

This study's contribution stems from its determination of the preferred level of disaggregation of earnings components (i.e. operating cash flows and total accruals). This is expected to help investors in their attempt to enhance the outcome of their informed investment and credit decisions.
Social sustainability reporting in European business schools
Authors: Vila Mar , Moya Soledad
Published: January 2023

Purpose

This study aims to explore the social sustainability reporting (SR) of top European business schools to illustrate and discuss their practices and the associated challenges.

Design/methodology/approach

For the top 20 European business schools, content and thematic analyses were used to investigate reports concerning social sustainability and data from semi-structured interviews. Reports from the past three years (typology, framework, channels of communication and frequency) were analysed, including content on social issues in the past period and the challenges faced by managers regarding social SR.

Findings

Social SR in the top 20 European business schools is heterogeneous and the main challenges are the lack of specific frameworks and resources, the amount of data that must be collected and the complexity of measuring social impact. Diversity and equality, society issues, ethical integrity and human rights with respect to students, partners and organizations are the most relevant social contents.

Practical implications

Business schools need to debate ways of promoting social sustainability and to adapt procedures and technology to communicate their social sustainability strategies and impacts. It offers an improved understanding to regulatory institutions that can allow them to establish standards and a foundation for future research that can refine or generalize the findings of this study.

Social implications

Measuring and reporting social sustainability issues are relevant challenges for business schools that are working on social sustainability aspects.

Originality/value

The originality of this study lies in the discussion on current social SR practices at business schools, and their responsibilities regarding the development of a more sustainable society in a changing regulatory context.
Co-producing trauma-informed youth justice in Australia?
Authors: Day Andrew , Malvaso Catia , Butcher Luke , O'Connor Joanne , McLachlan Katherine
Published: January 2023

Purpose

Recent years have seen significant policy and practice interest in how to best respond to the impact of childhood maltreatment and adversity on young people’s contact with youth justice systems. In Australia, this has resulted in increasing pressure to implement trauma-informed practice, although this is a term that has different meanings for different stakeholders, and little is known about the perspectives of justice-involved young people. This paper aims to review what is currently known about co-production in youth justice and discuss ways in which young people can be meaningfully involved in the development of trauma-informed practice frameworks.

Design/methodology/approach

A narrative approach is used to present a contextual overview of youth justice in Australia, introduce key concepts underpinning trauma-informed practice and consider the barriers and facilitators of co-production and participatory approaches to the development and implementation of trauma-informed practice.

Findings

Youth justice in Australia is widely viewed as in urgent need of reform, with broad interest in developing more trauma-informed practice in these systems. Co-production and participatory approaches are fundamental to the reform process and can help to ensure that the views and aspirations of the children for whom these systems are responsible are embedded in efforts to implement trauma-informed practice.

Research limitations/implications

This paper presents an argument for implementing trauma-informed practice in Australian youth justice that is based on consultation and collaboration with young people. It does not present evidence about the potential effectiveness of such an approach.

Practical implications

This paper has direct implications for youth justice practice, in terms of both service philosophy, design and delivery.

Social implications

The work discussed in this paper offers possibilities for new and different ways of responding to youth crime and maintaining community safety.

Originality/value

Whilst the need to re-imagine youth justice is widely recognised, there are few resources available to support efforts to co-produce trauma-informed practice. This paper synthesises what is known about these approaches and offers some suggestions and possible ways forward.
Parental views regarding violence in adolescence
Authors: Kiliçarslan Suat , Günaydin Hatice Deniz
Published: January 2023

The aim of this paper is to examine parents' views and experiences regarding their adolescent children's violent and aggressive behaviours within the framework of the Non‐Violent Resistance approach in Turkish culture. The study group consisted of 40 volunteer married parents (35 females, 5 males) between the ages of 30 and 56 who resided in Central Anatolia. We conducted a descriptive study using a phenomenological design. A thematic analysis method was used in the analysis of the data. Within the framework of the results, we describe parents' experiences of their children's violence, their responses to such behaviour and their accounts of parental conflicts and presence.
Mutual fund activism and corporate innovation: Evidence from China
Authors: Xu Bingrun , Huang Wenli , Li Lu , Lu Lei
Published: January 2023

This paper examines whether and how mutual fund activism affects corporate innovation. Using a patent‐based innovation dataset from 2006 to 2017, our finding, which is inconsistent with the managerial myopia hypothesis, reveals that mutual fund intervention is associated with corporate innovation. We propose that mutual fund intervention promotes corporate innovation, proxied by invention patents. In addition, the effect of mutual fund intervention on corporate innovation is more pronounced for non‐state‐owned enterprises (non‐SOEs) than for state‐owned enterprises (SOEs), and that mutual fund intervention is likely to increase firms' portfolio R&D expenditures. Finally, we offer robustness checks and address possible endogeneity concerns.
Individual variation in and lateral asymmetry of mouse epididymal draining lymph nodes
Authors: Peng Jing , Li Huixi , Yang Shaojun , Zhang Xuyuan , Li Patrick Z. , Nie Xiaohua , Zhang Liguo , Zhang Zhichao
Published: January 2023

Problem

Draining lymph nodes (LNs) are pivotal sites for maintaining tolerance to self‐antigens as well as eliciting immune responses to exogenous antigens. The epididymis is a male reproductive organ with a unique local immune environment. Although mice are the most commonly used laboratory animals for immunology research, there are no detailed descriptions of the anatomical location and function of LNs that drain the epididymis.

Method of study

Evans blue labeling was utilized to explore lymphatic drainage of the epididymis in eight‐ to ten‐week‐old male C57BL/6 mice. We confirmed the lymphatic drainage of the epididymis in mice using the objective technique of carboxyfluorescein succinimidyl ester (CFSE)‐labeled cells.

Results

By combined Evans blue labeling and fluorescent labeling, we found that 1) the patterns of epididymal LN drainage are highly heterogeneous between individual mice; 2) the leftside LNs participate in drainage more frequently than the right‐side LNs; and 3) epididymal lymphatic drainage bypasses both the paraaortic and renal LNs in some mice.

Conclusions

These data highlighted the need to consider the individual variation in and lateral asymmetry of draining LNs when characterizing the regional immunology of the mouse epididymis.
Metabolic profiling of pregnancies complicated by preeclampsia: A longitudinal study
Authors: Skytte Hege N. , Christensen Jacob J. , Gunnes Nina , Holven Kirsten B. , Lekva Tove , Henriksen Tore , Michelsen Trond M. , Roland Marie Cecilie P.
Published: January 2023

Introduction

Preeclampsia is associated with maternal metabolic disturbances, but longitudinal studies with comprehensive metabolic profiling are lacking. We aimed to determine metabolic profiles across gestation in women who developed preeclampsia compared with women with healthy pregnancies. We also explored the respective effects of body mass index (BMI) and preeclampsia on various metabolic measures.

Material and methods

We measured 91 metabolites by high‐throughput nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy at four time points (visits) during pregnancy (weeks 14–16, 22–24, 30–32 and 36–38). Samples were taken from a Norwegian pregnancy cohort. We fitted a linear regression model for each metabolic measure to compare women who developed preeclampsia (n = 38) and healthy controls (n = 70).

Results

Among women who developed preeclampsia, 92% gave birth after 34 weeks of gestation. Compared to women with healthy pregnancies, women who developed preeclampsia had higher levels of several lipid‐related metabolites at visit 1, whereas fewer differences were observed at visit 2. At visit 3, the pattern from visit 1 reappeared. At visit 4 the differences were larger in most subgroups of very‐low‐density lipoprotein particles, the smallest high‐density lipoprotein, total lipids and triglycerides. Total fatty acids were also increased, of which monounsaturated fatty acids and saturated fatty acids showed more pronounced differences. Concentration of glycine tended to be lower in pregnancies with preeclampsia until visit 3, although this was not significant after correction for multiple testing. After adjustment for age, BMI, parity and gestational weight gain, all significant differences were attenuated at visits 1 and 2. The estimates were less affected by adjustment at visits 3 and 4.

Conclusions

In early pregnancy, the metabolic differences between preeclamptic and healthy pregnancies were primarily driven by maternal BMI, probably representing the women's pre‐pregnancy metabolic status. In early third trimester, several weeks before clinical manifestation, the differences were less influenced by BMI, indicating preeclampsia‐specific changes. Near term, women with preeclampsia developed an atherogenic metabolic profile, including elevated total lipids, very‐low‐density lipoprotein, triglycerides, and total fatty acids.
The acceptability of implementing patient‐reported measures in routine maternity care: A systematic review
Authors: Chen An , Väyrynen Kirsi , Leskelä Riikka‐Leena , Torkki Paulus , Heinonen Seppo , Tekay Aydin , Acharya Ganesh
Published: January 2023

Introduction

Patient‐reported measures (PRMs) are becoming popular as they might influence clinical decisions, help to deliver patient‐centered care, and improve health care quality. However, the limited knowledge and consensus about the acceptability of implementing PRMs in maternity care hinder their widespread use in clinical practice, and evidence‐based recommendations are lacking. This systematic review aims to synthesize available evidence on the acceptability of implementing PRMs in routine maternity care.

Material and methods

Literature on the implementation of PRMs in maternity care was electronically searched in six databases (PsycARTICLES, PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, and CINAHL), screened and selected for the topic of “acceptability”. Theoretical Framework of Acceptability was used as the basic framework guiding data analysis and synthesis. Evidence was thematically analyzed and synthesized. Mixed Method Appraisal Tool and GRADE‐CERQual approach were used to assess the quality of studies and evaluate the confidence in the review findings.

Results

Overall, 4971 articles were screened. From 24 studies, we identified five themes regarding the acceptability of implementing PRMs in routine maternity care: (1) user's action and behavior, (2) stakeholders' attitudes, (3) perceived benefits, (4) perceived challenges and risks, and (5) stakeholders' preferences and suggestions on implementation. While pregnant and postpartum women, health professionals and other stakeholders involved in maternity care were generally positive about the implementation of PRMs in routine care and recognized the potential benefits (eg health improvement, women empowerment, care and services improvement and healthcare system advancement), they pointed out possible challenges and risks in answering PRMs questions, responding to answers, and setting up integrated information systems as well as suggested solutions in the aspects of PRMs data collection, follow‐up care, and system‐level management. The confidence in the review findings was moderate due to methodological limitations of included studies.

Conclusions

Available empirical evidence suggested that the use of PRMs in routine maternity care is acceptable among stakeholders involved in maternity care and the potential benefits of its integration in routine clinical practice to healthcare improvement has been recognized. However, possible challenges in data collection, follow‐up care arrangement and system‐level integration should be appropriately addressed.
Differential regulation of Cav3.2 and Cav2.2 calcium channels by CB1 receptors and cannabidiol
Authors: Harding Erika K. , Souza Ivana A. , Gandini Maria A. , Gadotti Vinícius M. , Ali Md Yousof , Huang Sun , Antunes Flavia T. T. , Trang Tuan , Zamponi Gerald W.
Published: January 2023

Background and Purpose

Cannabinoids are a promising therapeutic avenue for chronic pain. However, clinical trials often fail to report analgesic efficacy of cannabinoids. Inhibition of voltage gate calcium (Cav) channels is one mechanism through which cannabinoids may produce analgesia. We hypothesized that cannabinoids and cannabinoid receptor agonists target different types of Cav channels through distinct mechanisms.

Experimental Approach

Electrophysiological recordings from tsA‐201 cells expressing either Cav3.2 or Cav2.2 were used to assess inhibition by HU‐210 or cannabidiol (CBD) in the absence and presence of the CB1 receptor. Homology modelling assessed potential interaction sites for CBD in both Cav2.2 and Cav3.2. Analgesic effects of CBD were assessed in mouse models of inflammatory and neuropathic pain.

Key Results

HU‐210 (1 μM) inhibited Cav2.2 function in the presence of CB1 receptor but had no effect on Cav3.2 regardless of co‐expression of CB1 receptor. By contrast, CBD (3 μM) produced no inhibition of Cav2.2 and instead inhibited Cav3.2 independently of CB1 receptors. Homology modelling supported these findings, indicating that CBD binds to and occludes the pore of Cav3.2, but not Cav2.2. Intrathecal CBD alleviated thermal and mechanical hypersensitivity in both male and female mice, and this effect was absent in Cav3.2 null mice.

Conclusion and Implications

Our findings reveal differential modulation of Cav2.2 and Cav3.2 channels by CB1 receptors and CBD. This advances our understanding of how different cannabinoids produce analgesia through action at different voltage‐gated calcium channels and could influence the development of novel cannabinoid‐based therapeutics for treatment of chronic pain.
Is postexercise hypotension a method‐dependent phenomenon in chronic stroke? A crossover randomized controlled trial
Authors: Fonseca Guilherme F. , Michalski André C. , Ferreira Arthur S. , Costa Victor A. B. , Massaferri Renato , Farinatti Paulo , Cunha Felipe A.
Published: January 2023

Background

This study assessed the reproducibility of postexercise hypotension (PEH) detection after two bouts of mixed circuit training (MCT) using three approaches that accounts the pre‐exercise values and/or a control session (CTL) to calculate PEH [i.e., (); ; in chronic stroke (i.e., ≥6 months poststroke). The proportion of PEH responders determined using different cut‐off values for PEH was also compared (4 mmHg vs. minimal detectable difference).

Methods

Seven participants (age: 56 ± 12 years; time post‐stroke: 91 ± 55 months) performed two bouts of MCT and a CTL. The MCT involved 10 exercises with 3 sets of 15‐repetition maximum, with each set interspersed with 45 s of walking. The systolic (SBP) and diastolic (DBP) blood pressures were assessed 10‐min before and every 10‐min along 40‐min after CTL and MCT.

Results

The two‐way random intraclass correlation coefficient for single measurements (ICC2,1) ranges for SBP were: A1: 0.580−0.829, A2: 0.937−0.994, A3: 0.278−0.774; for DBP: A1: 0.497−0.916, A2: 0.133−0.969, A3: 0.175−0.930. The proportion of PEH responders detected using 4 mmHg or the minimal detectable difference as cut‐off values was not different in 97% of analyses (p > 0.05), and higher when using 4 mmHg in 3% of analyses (p = 0.031). The standard error of measurement was ≥4 mmHg in 47% of analyses for SBP, and 40% for DBP.

Conclusions

The most reliable approach for determining PEH in chronic stroke was to subtract the postexercise from the post‐CTL values. The proportion of PEH responders was not affected by the cut‐off values applied.