bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Head‐compliant microstrip split ring resonator for non‐invasive healing monitoring after craniosynostosis‐based surgery
Authors: Perez Mauricio David , Jeong Seung Hee , Raman Sujith , Nowinski Daniel , Wu Zhigang , Redzwan Syaiful M.S. , Velander Jacob , Peng Zhiwei , Hjort Klas , Augustine Robin
Published: December 2019

A soft and highly directive, proximity‐coupled split‐ring resonator fabricated with a liquid alloy, copper and polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) is presented. The same was designed for sensing osteogenesis of calvarial bone. As dielectric properties of bone grafts in ossifying calvarial defects should change during the osteogenesis process, devices like this could monitor the gradual transformation of the defect into bone by differentiating changes in the dielectric properties as shifts in the resonance frequency. Computational Software Technology (CST) Microwave Studio®‐based simulation results on computational head models were in good agreement with laboratory results on head phantom models, which also included the comparison with an in‐vivo measurement on the human head. A discussion based on an inductive reasoning regarding dynamics’ considerations is provided as well. Since the skin elasticity of newborn children is high, stretching and crumpling could be significant. In addition, due to typical head curvatures in newborn children, bending should not be a significant issue, and can provide higher energy focus in the defect area and improve conformability. The present concept could support the development of soft, cheap and portable follow‐up monitoring systems to use in outpatient hospital and home care settings for post‐operative monitoring of bone healing after reconstructive surgical procedures.
Lightning electric‐field waveforms associated with transmission‐line faults
Authors: Cai Li , Zou Xin , Wang Jianguo , Li Quanxin , Zhou Mi , Fan Yadong , Yu Wenbo
Published: December 2019

The radiated electric field produced by lightning plays a vital role in lightning location systems (LLSs). The presence of the elevated objects, i.e. transmission lines in the presented study, result in an increase of amplitude and multiple sub‐peaks in the observed electric fields. On the basis of the electric fields obtained from multiple sensors of Foshan total LLS, electric fields from nine negative lightning strokes associated with transmission‐line faults at a distance of 10–86 km in Foshan area were examined in detail, which were adopted to make comparison with the radiated electric fields from natural negative cloud‐to‐ground lightning detected nearby within 1 min. It can be found that the arithmetic means (AMs) of initial electric‐field peak values of waveforms associated with transmission‐line faults are about twice those of natural negative lightning and the second and third sub‐peaks can be identified obviously. In addition, the correlation between electric‐field waveform characteristics and propagation distance was validated. The AM zero‐crossing time, fast‐transition 10–90% rise time and the time interval between sub‐peaks slightly increase with distance.
Enhanced microwave absorption of rice husk‐based pyramidal microwave absorber with different lossy base layer
Authors: Yeng Seng Lee , Ping Jack Soh , Kok Yeow You , Fwen Hoon Wee , Chia Yew Lee , Hong Seng Gan , Malek Fareq
Published: December 2019

The size of pyramidal microwave absorbers (PMA) is one of the main considerations for their selection for use in anechoic chambers. In this work, a new type of PMA is introduced, with rice husk (RH) as its filler. Meanwhile, a lossy base layer is also introduced in the PMA using a combined RH and carbon nanotube (CNT) composite. To do so, the dielectric properties of the RH‐CNT composite are first investigated from 2–18 GHz by using a dielectric probe. Next, the microwave absorption properties of the PMA were investigated in terms of different height of the pyramidal structure and base layer. The free‐space method was used to measure the microwave absorption of PMA at oblique incident angles of 0° to 60°, respectively. Results indicated good microwave absorption characteristics in the 2–6 GHz with a height of 11.5 cm the PMA structure, and 1 cm thickness of the base layer. The lossy base layer is found to increase the bandwidth of the absorber and improve the microwave absorption of PMA in the lower GHz frequencies. Further investigations concluded that the microwave absorption performance of the PMA is dependent on its dielectric properties, size and base layer.
Practical method for self‐adaptive voltage stabilising of high‐frequency wireless power transfer system
Authors: Baiyi Liu , Wei Chen , Chenjian Han
Published: December 2019

Voltage stabilisation is indispensable for every energy converter, including a wireless power transfer system. With the increase of frequency, the resistance of the receiving coil would turn out to be elevated obviously, which would lead traditional voltage regulators composed by a buck–boost converter to existing an unsteady operation region. A logical control scheme is proposed to overcome this obstacle, which could self‐adaptively stabilise the output voltage without the course of feedback. The proposed method could realise the function of voltage stabilising at a larger range of distance comparing to the traditional scheme of buck–boost converter with the same conditions. Two improved structures are built based on the proposed scheme to prevent buck–boost converter stepping into the unsteady region, and experiments are finally implemented to verify the effectiveness and correctness of the proposed method.
An ALMA/NOEMA study of gas dissipation and dust evolution in the 5 Myr-old HD 141569A hybrid disc
Authors: Di Folco E. , Péricaud J. , Dutrey A. , Augereau J.-C. , Chapillon E. , Guilloteau S. , Piétu V. , Boccaletti A.
Published: December 2019

Context.The study of gas-rich debris discs is fundamental to characterising the transition between protoplanetary discs and debris discs.

Aims.We determine the physical parameters of the brightest gas-rich debris disc orbiting HD 141569A.

Methods.We analyse images from the NOrthern Extended Millimeter Array (NOEMA)1and the Atacama Large Millimeter/ submillimeter Array (ALMA) in12CO,13COJ= 2 → 1, and13COJ= 1 → 0 transitions. We incorporate ALMA archival data of the12COJ= 3 → 2 transition and present continuum maps at 0.87, 1.3, and 2.8 mm. We use simple parametric laws with the Diskfit code and MCMC exploration to characterise the gas disc parameters and report a first attempt to characterise its chemical content with IRAM-30 m.

Results.The continuum emission is equally shared between a compact (≲50 au) and a smooth, extended dust component (~350 au). Large millimetre grains seem to dominate the inner regions, while the dust spectral index is marginally larger in the outer region. The12CO is optically thick, while13CO is optically thin withτ13CO~ 0.15 (C18O is not detected). The13CO surface density is constrained to be one order of magnitude smaller than around younger Herbig Ae stars, and we derive a gas massM12CO= 10−1M⊕. We confirm the presence of a small CO cavity (RCO= 17 ± 3 au), and find a possibly larger radius for the optically thin13COJ= 2 → 1 transition (35 ± 5 au). We show that the observed CO brightness asymmetry is coincident with the complex ring structures discovered with VLT/SPHERE in the inner 90 au. The12CO temperatureT0(100 au) ~ 30 K is lower than expected for a Herbig A0 star, and could be indicative of subthermal excitation.

Conclusions.With the largest amount of dust and gas among hybrid discs, HD 141569A shows coincident characteristics of both protoplanetary discs (central regions), and debris discs at large distance. Together with its morphological characteristics and young age, it appears to be a good candidate to witness the transient phase of gas dissipation, with an apparently large gas-to-dust ratio (G∕D> 100) favouring a faster evolution of dust grains.
MASCARA-4 b/bRing-1 b: A retrograde hot Jupiter around a bright A-type star
Authors: Dorval P. , Talens G. J. J. , Otten G. P. P. L. , Brahm R. , Jordán A. , Torres P. , Vanzi L. , Zapata A. , Henry T. , Paredes L. , Jao W. C. , James H. , Hinojosa R. , Bakos G. A. , Csubry Z. , Bhatti W. , Suc V. , Osip D. , Mamajek E. E. , Mellon S. N. , Wyttenbach A. , Stuik R. , Kenworthy M. , Bailey J. , Ireland M. , Crawford S. , Lomberg B. , Kuhn R. , Snellen I.
Published: December 2019

Context. The Multi-site All-Sky CAmeRA (MASCARA) and bRing are both photometric ground-based instruments with multiple stations that rely on interline charge-coupled devices with wide-field lenses to monitor bright stars in the local sky for variability. MASCARA has already discovered several planets in the northern sky, which are among the brightest known transiting hot Jupiter systems.

Aims. In this paper, we aim to characterize a transiting planetary candidate in the southern skies found in the combined MASCARA and bRing data sets of HD 85628, an A7V star of V = 8.2 mag at a distance 172 pc, to establish its planetary nature.

Methods. The candidate was originally detected in data obtained jointly with the MASCARA and bRing instruments using a Box Least-Square search for transit events. Further photometry was taken by the 0.7 m Chilean-Hungarian Automated Telescope (CHAT), and radial velocity measurements with the Fiber Dual Echelle Optical Spectrograph on the European Southern Observatory 1.0 m Telescope. High-resolution spectra during a transit were taken with the CTIO high-resolution spectrometer (CHIRON) on the Small and Moderate Aperture Research Telescope System 1.5 m telescope to target the Doppler shadow of the candidate.

Results. We confirm the existence of a hot Jupiter transiting the bright A7V star HD 85628, which we co-designate as MASCARA-4b and bRing-1b. It is in an orbit of 2.824 days, with an estimated planet radius of 1.53−0.04+0.07 RJup and an estimated planet mass of 3.1 ± 0.9 MJup, putting it well within the planetary regime. The CHAT observations show a partial transit, reducing the probability that the transit was around a faint background star. The CHIRON observations show a clear Doppler shadow, implying that the transiting object is in a retrograde orbit with |λ| =244.9−3.6+2.7°. The planet orbits at a distance of 0.047 ± 0.004 AU from the star and has a zero-albedo equilibrium temperature of 2100 ± 100 K. In addition, we find that HD 85628 has a previously unreported stellar companion star in the Gaia DR2 data demonstrating common proper motion and parallax at 4.3′′ separation (projected separation ~740 AU), and with absolute magnitude consistent with being a K/M dwarf.

Conclusions. MASCARA-4 b/bRing-1 b is the brightest transiting hot Jupiter known to date in a retrograde orbit. It further confirms that planets in near-polar and retrograde orbits are more common around early-type stars. Due to its high apparent brightness and short orbital period, the system is particularly well suited for further atmospheric characterization.
CLASH-VLT: Enhancement of (O/H) in z  =  0.35 RX J2248−4431 cluster galaxies
Authors: Ciocan B. I. , Maier C. , Ziegler B. L. , Verdugo M.
Published: December 2019

Aims. Gas-phase metallicities offer insight into the chemical evolution of galaxies as they reflect the recycling of gas through star formation and galactic inflows and outflows. Environmental effects such as star-formation quenching mechanisms play an important role in shaping the evolution of galaxies. Clusters of galaxies at z <  0.5 are expected to be the sites where environmental effects can be clearly observed with present-day telescopes.

Methods. We explored the Frontier Fields cluster RX J2248−443 at z = 0.348 with VIMOS/VLT spectroscopy from CLASH-VLT, which covers a central region corresponding to almost 2 virial radii. The fluxes of [OII] λ3727, Hβ, [OIII] λ5007, Hα and [NII] λ6584 emission lines were measured allowing the derivation of (O/H) gas metallicities, star formation rates based on extinction-corrected Hα fluxes, and contamination from active galactic nuclei. We compared our sample of cluster galaxies to a population of field galaxies at similar redshifts.

Results. We use the location of galaxies in projected phase-space to distinguish between cluster and field galaxies. Both populations follow the star-forming sequence in the diagnostic diagrams, which allow the ionising sources in a galaxy to be disentangled, with only a low number of galaxies classified as Seyfert II. Both field and cluster galaxies follow the “main sequence” of star-forming galaxies, with no substantial difference observed between the two populations. In the mass–metallicity (MZ) plane, both high-mass field and cluster galaxies show comparable (O/H)s to the local SDSS MZ relation, with an offset of low-mass galaxies (log(M/M⊙) < 9.2) towards higher metallicities. While both the metallicities of “accreted” (R <  R500) and “infalling” (R >  R500) cluster members are comparable at all masses, the cluster galaxies from the “mass complete” bin (which is the intermediate mass bin in this study: 9.2 <  log(M/M⊙) < 10.2), show more enhanced metallicities than their field counterparts by a factor of 0.065 dex with a ∼1.8σ significance. The intermediate-mass field galaxies are in accordance with the expected (O/H)s from the fundamental metallicity relation, while the cluster members deviate strongly from the model predictions, namely by a factor of ∼0.12 dex. The results of this work are in accordance with studies of other clusters at z <  0.5 and favour the scenario in which the hot halo gas of low- and intermediate-mass cluster galaxies is removed due to ram pressure stripping, leading to an increase in their gas-phase metallicity.
Patienten – Allein zu Haus
Authors: Hübner Lisa , Wienke Albrecht
Published: December 2019

Anlässlich des Ärztetages im Mai 2018 haben die Delegierten auf Empfehlung des Vorstands der Bundesärztekammer (BÄK) den Weg für die sog. ausschließliche Fernbehandlung frei gemacht und eine entsprechende Regelung in die (Muster-)Berufsordnung für die in Deutschland tätigen Ärzte (MBO-Ä) aufgenommen. Mit diesem Beschluss wurde eine seit Jahren geführte Diskussion unter dem ständig zunehmenden Druck der Digitalisierungsdebatte im Gesundheitswesen erst einmal beendet. Die Abkehr vom generellen Fernbehandlungsverbot hat zu einer generellen Anerkennung der Fernbehandlung unter bestimmten Bedingungen geführt. Trotz dieser bemerkenswerten Kehrtwende sind die Diskussionen um die Details der neuen Regelung nicht zur Ruhe gekommen; insbesondere haben sich bei näherer Betrachtung der Neuregelungen im Detail rechtliche Fragen aufgetan, die bisher unbeantwortet geblieben sind. Wann z. B. ist eine Fernbehandlung ärztlich vertretbar? Welche Behandlungsstandards gelten bei der Fernbehandlung? Und was gilt, wenn der Patient mit einer Fernbehandlung gar nicht einverstanden ist? Im Folgenden werden einige dieser offenen Rechtsfragen beantwortet. Die Diskussionen dürften ungeachtet dessen weitergehen.
Der Primär Obstruktive Megaureter (POM) – Eine Domäne konservativer Therapie
Authors: Stehr Maximilian , Schäfer Frank-Mattias
Published: December 2019

Der Begriff „Megaureter“ ist eine rein deskriptive Bezeichnung einer Reihe von Krankheitsentitäten. Entscheidend ist, ob der Megaureter primär oder sekundär auftritt oder ob er obstruktiv und/oder refluxiv ist. Häufig liegt eine primäre Obstruktion im Bereich des ureterovesikalen Übergangs vor. Die Therapie des primär obstruktiven Megaureters hat sich in den letzten 30 Jahren deutlich gewandelt. Wurde früher in der Mehrzahl der Fälle eine Ureterreimplantation durchgeführt, werden heute 85 – 90 % der Patienten konservativ behandelt. Neben der Reimplantation steht mit der Ballondilatation ein modernes, minimal-invasives Verfahren zur Verfügung, das ist ausgewählten Fällen zu einem Benefit für den Patienten führen kann. Da es aufgrund der Möglichkeit eines postoperativ auftretenden VUR gleichwohl nicht komplikationslos ist, muss betont werden, dass die Verfügbarkeit dieses neuen Verfahrens die generell strenge Indikation zur Operation des Pirimär Obstruktiven Megaureters nicht aufweichen sollte.
Bilaterale Enukleation bei Hunden
Authors: Betz Daniela Simon
Published: December 2019

Hamzianpour N, Smith K, Dawson C et al. Bilateral enucleation in dogs: A review of owner perceptions and satisfaction.
Vet Ophthalmol 2019; 22: 566–576

Die Enukleation ist eine häufige chirurgische Maßnahme bei irreversibel blinden, schmerzhaften Bulbi. Eine
beidseitige Enukleation kann als letzte Vorgehensweise bei primärem oder sekundärem therapieresistentem Glaukom in
Betracht gezogen werden und bei weiteren Ursachen irreversibler Schmerzzustände am Auge wie Trauma oder
Korneaperforation indiziert sein. Untersuchungen zur Zufriedenheit von Hundebesitzern, bei deren Hunden eine
beidseitige Enukleation erfolgte, liegen derzeit nicht vor. Ziel dieser Studie war daher, die Zufriedenheit der
Besitzer solcher Hunde sowie deren Perzeption bezüglich postoperativer Anpassung und Lebensqualität ihrer Tiere zu
evaluieren.
Übersicht zu Zusammenhängen zwischen Änderungen der Bewegungsintensität und Ketose bei
Milchkühen
Authors: Hajek Franziska , Mansfeld Rolf
Published: December 2019

Mit einer Prävalenz von bis zu 43 % zählt die subklinische Ketose zu den häufigsten Erkrankungen von Milchkühen in der
Transitphase. Sie kann ihrerseits Auslöser für Folgeerkrankungen wie klinische Ketose oder Lahmheit sein. Eine
Überwachung der Tiere in dieser Phase ist sehr wichtig. Hierzu eignen sich außer der Bestimmung von β-Hydroxybutyrat
bzw. Actetoacetat in Blut, Milch und Harn sowie der Beobachtung der Tiere auch computergestützte Systeme. Dafür werden
Daten, wie die Tieridentifikation und Aktivitätsdaten, auf einem Datenlogger aufgezeichnet und gespeichert und an einen
Computer übermittelt. Eine Änderung der Aktivität kann schon Tage vor dem Auftreten anderer Symptome ein Hinweis auf
eine zugrundeliegende Krankheit sein. Im Zusammenhang mit Ketose lässt sich schon 5 Tage vor der klinischen Diagnose
eine Aktivitätsabnahme beobachten. So leisten diese Daten einen wertvollen Beitrag für Landwirt und Tierarzt zur
Überwachung des Gesundheitszustands der Herde. Auch für die Erkennung einer beginnenden Lahmheit kann die
Aktivitätsmessung eingesetzt werden. Bei vorliegender Lahmheit nimmt die Bewegungsaktivität ab und die Liegeperioden
werden länger. Die Aktivitätsmessung über den Transponder gibt im Rahmen eines Herdenmonitorings wichtige Hinweise auf
die Lahmheitsprävalenz in einer Herde. Zusätzlich zur Aktivitätsmessung sollte eine visuelle Beurteilung durchgeführt
werden. Hierzu wurden Lahmheitsscores (Locomotion Score, Gait Score) entwickelt, anhand derer der Lahmheitsstatus der
Herde erhoben werden kann. Damit lassen sich die Tiere in Lahmheitsklassen einteilen und dadurch werden die Tiere
erkannt, die einer Klauenpflege oder Behandlung unterzogen werden sollten, um Folgeerkrankungen zu reduzieren oder zu
vermeiden. Plausibel ist, dass die Tiere aufgrund der Lahmheit, der damit einhergehenden reduzierten Aktivität und der
daraus folgenden verminderten Futteraufnahme eine subklinische oder klinische Ketose entwickeln. Sowohl aus Sicht der
Tiergesundheit als auch aus wirtschaftlichen Gründen ist eine frühzeitige Krankheitserkennung und -prophylaxe
wünschenswert und sollte deshalb Ziel eines Herdenmonitorings sein.
Management Driven Structured Reporting in Ovarian Cancer
Authors: Chandramohan Anuradha , Panda Sourav , Thomas Anitha , Chandy Rachel , Joel Anjana , Ram Thomas Samuel , Peedicayil Abraham
Published: December 2019

Since majority (80%) of ovarian cancer patients present at an advanced stage, imaging performed on these patients have numerous findings. The combination of multiple findings on imaging, complexity of anatomical structures which are involved in ovarian cancer, and the need to perceive certain subtle imaging features which would impact management often makes it challenging to systematically review images of these patients. Similarly, it is difficult to effectively communicate these findings in radiology reports. Structured reporting that is geared toward clinical decision-making has been an area of recognized need. An understanding of the review areas, which aid clinical decision-making in a multidisciplinary team setting at our institution led us to the proposed structured reporting template for ovarian cancer. Through this review, the authors would like to share this reporting template with examples.
Spontaneous Epidural Hematoma of the Cervical Spine Following Thrombolysis in a Patient with STEMI—Two Medical Specialties Facing a Rare Dilemma
Authors: Tsarouchas Anastasios , Mouselimis Dimitrios , Bakogiannis Constantinos , Gkasdaris Grigorios , Dimitriadis George , Zioutas Dimitrios , Papadopoulos Christodoulos E.
Published: December 2019

Spontaneous spinal epidural hematoma (SSEH) is a rare, albeit well-documented complication following thrombolysis treatment in ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). A SSEH usually manifests with cervical pain and neurologic deficits and may require surgical intervention. In this case report, we present the first reported SSEH to occur following thrombolysis with reteplase. In this case, the SSEH manifested with cervical pain shortly after the patient emerged from his rescue percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Although magnetic resonance imaging reported spinal cord compression, the lack of neurologic symptoms prompted the treating clinicians to delay surgery. A dangerous dilemma emerged, as the usual antithrombotic regimen that was necessary to avoid stent thrombosis post-PCI, was also likely to exacerbate the bleeding. As a compromise, the patient only received aspirin as a single antiplatelet therapy. Ultimately, the patient responded well to conservative treatment, with the hematoma stabilizing a week later, without residual neurologic deficits. In conclusion, the conservative treatment of SSEH appears to be an acceptable option for carefully selected patients, but the risks of permanent neurologic deficits and stent thrombosis have to be weighted for each patient.
Directional transmission of ultra-high frequency acoustic signals based on metamaterial structure
Authors: Han Jianning , Yang Peng , Wu Jing-zhi , Wang Tao , Wang Jing
Published: December 2019

Cell photoacoustic detection of acoustic signals has serious problems of transmission loss and difficulty in acquisition. Based on the acoustic transmission characteristics of acoustic supermaterials, the acoustic wave directional transmission model is designed using COMSOL software, and a finite element simulation experiment was carried out. Experiments show that the model designed in this paper has good sound wave focusing and acoustic wave directional transmission effects. According to the specific application in different environments, this paper designs a variety of transmission models with different structures and carries out comparative experiments to verify the influence of complex model structures on the directional transmission of sound waves. At the same time, the experimental analysis of the acoustic wave directional transmission effect of the model under different frequency segments is carried out, and the possibility of acoustic wave logic operation is verified. Models can be applied to high frequency acoustic signal acquisition and sound wave transmission in complex environments. These studies have important significance for the development of cell photoacoustic detection technology and the application of metamaterial structures and have good practical merit.
Corrigendum to: Synthesis of Tetracyclic Fused Quinolines via a Friedel–Crafts and Beckmann Ring Expansion Sequence
Authors: Abd El-Aal Hassan A. K. , El-Emary Talaat I.
Published: December 2019

An efficient protocol for the construction of tetracyclic fused quinolines (pyrazole-fused azepino-, azocino-, and azonino[3,2-b]quinolinones) via consecutive Friedel–Crafts and Beckmann reactions has been developed. The key steps in the syntheses of these new molecular scaffolds involve acid-mediated cyclization of 2-(pyrazol-3-yl)quinoline based carboxylic acids 6a–c, 8, and 12 to ketones 13a–e, followed by Beckmann rearrangements of the corresponding oximes 14a–e to provide the tetracyclic-fused quinoline skeletons 15a–e. Structures of synthesised compounds without stereochemical implication were confirmed by NMR and elemental analyses.
Supercoiling DNA optically
Authors: King Graeme A. , Burla Federica , Peterman Erwin J. G. , Wuite Gijs J. L.
Published: December 2019

Cellular DNA is regularly subject to torsional stress during genomic processes, such as transcription and replication, resulting in a range of supercoiled DNA structures. For this reason, methods to prepare and study supercoiled DNA at the single-molecule level are widely used, including magnetic, angular-optical, micropipette, and magneto-optical tweezers. However, it is currently challenging to combine DNA supercoiling control with spatial manipulation and fluorescence microscopy. This limits the ability to study complex and dynamic interactions of supercoiled DNA. Here we present a single-molecule assay that can rapidly and controllably generate negatively supercoiled DNA using a standard dual-trap optical tweezers instrument. This method, termed Optical DNA Supercoiling (ODS), uniquely combines the ability to study supercoiled DNA using force spectroscopy, fluorescence imaging of the whole DNA, and rapid buffer exchange. The technique can be used to generate a wide range of supercoiled states, with between <5 and 70% lower helical twist than nonsupercoiled DNA. Highlighting the versatility of ODS, we reveal previously unobserved effects of ionic strength and sequence on the structural state of underwound DNA. Next, we demonstrate that ODS can be used to directly visualize and quantify protein dynamics on supercoiled DNA. We show that the diffusion of the mitochondrial transcription factor TFAM can be significantly hindered by local regions of underwound DNA. This finding suggests a mechanism by which supercoiling could regulate mitochondrial transcription in vivo. Taken together, we propose that ODS represents a powerful method to study both the biophysical properties and biological interactions of negatively supercoiled DNA.
Conditional Degree of Belief and Bayesian Inference
Authors: Sprenger Jan
Published: December 2019

Why are conditional degrees of belief in an observation E, given a statistical hypothesis H, aligned with the objective probabilities expressed by H? After showing that standard replies (ratio analysis of conditional probability, chance-credence coordination) are not satisfactory, I develop a suppositional analysis of conditional degree of belief, transferring Ramsey’s classical proposal to statistical inference. The analysis saves the alignment, explains the role of chance-credence coordination, and rebuts the charge of arbitrary assessment of evidence in Bayesian inference. Finally, I explore the implications of this analysis for Bayesian reasoning with idealized models in science.
Photoexcited Blueshift and Redshift Switchable Metamaterial Absorber at Terahertz Frequencies*
Authors: Xu Zong-Cheng , Wu Liang , Zhang Ya-Ting , Xu De-Gang , Yao Jian-Quan
Published: December 2019

We propose a design and numerical study of an optically blueshift and redshift switchable metamaterial (MM) absorber in the terahertz regime. The MM absorber comprises a periodic array of metallic split-ring resonators (SRRs) with semiconductor silicon embedded in the gaps of MM resonators. The absorptive frequencies of the MM can be shifted by applying an external pump power. The simulation results show that, for photoconductivity of silicon ranging between 1 S/m and 4000 S/m, the resonance peak of the absorption spectra shifts to higher frequencies, from 0.67 THz to 1.63 THz, with a resonance tuning range of 59%. As the conductivity of silicon increases, the resonance frequencies of the MM absorber are continuously tuned from 1.60 THz to 1.16 THz, a redshift tuning range of 28%. As the conductivity increases above 30000 S/m, the resonance frequencies tend to be stable while the absorption peak has a merely tiny variation. The optical-tuned absorber has potential applications as a terahertz modulator or switch.
A V-Folded Digital Laser for On-Demand Vortex Beams by Astigmatic Transformation of Hermite–Gaussian Modes*
Authors: Liu Sen-Sen , Chen Xu-Dong , Pu Ji-Xiong , Lin Zhi-Li , Chen Zi-Yang
Published: December 2019

A V-folded digital laser using a spatial light modulator (SLM) for intra-cavity loss shaping is exploited to generate Hermite–Gaussian modes with on-demand mode order. With a π/2 astigmatic mode converter, vortex beams carrying on-demand orbital angular momentum (OAM) with a tunable range from −11ħ to 12ħ are obtained. The mode order of the HG mode, hence the OAM of the vortex beam, is digitally switched by changing the phase pattern imposed on the SLM without requiring any mechanic alignment of the cavity. This work has great potential applications in various OAM-tunable vortex beams.
Initial development of the digital crowd mapping for landslide monitoring and early warning system
Authors: Setiawan H , Wilopo W , Fathani T F , Andayani B , Karnawati D
Published: December 2019

Landslide disaster risk reduction emphasizing community participation and technical instruments for monitoring and early warning has been introduced in Indonesia for more than a decade. Notable recognition from the international scientific community indicated that this approach is reliable and effective for landslide vulnerable area where a dense population exists. This paper presents our progress of the initial development framework of interdisciplinary product through digital crowd mapping for landslide and early warning in mobile apps. The crowd information from local people or community in the real-time as a ‘human sensor’ is the necessary and main point in developing this crowd mapping because not all of the landslide vulnerable area in Indonesia is covered by the monitoring and early warning technical instruments. Rainfall condition, threshold condition based on the geological structure, data monitoring from field early warning instruments, and verified crowd information from local people, are occupied as the ‘requirement definition’ for ‘system and software design’ that will be structured and provided in the apps. Central Java Province is selected as a pilot area in developing this digital crowd mapping.
Comparison study of beach geometrics and beach sand gradation related to abrasion potential based along the West Sumatra Province
Authors: Putra Y , Hakam A , Istijono B , Junaidi  , Adji B M
Published: December 2019

The West Sumatra beach is very beautiful and has much diversity in terms of their natural properties. This paper elaborating the diversity of the West Sumatra Beach related to their abrasion potential. Field investigation conducted to collect the nature diversities such as the plantation, sands and the geometric. The sand samples have been taken from beaches and brought to the laboratory to investigate their physical properties. The geometric of the beaches were analysed to gain the specific parameter which are comparable each other. The special study on the role of vegetation on abrasion protection as well as numerical modelling of their mechanism also had been studied and reviewed in this study. Those diversities then are turned into the engineering parameter and linked each other to gain their relation to abrasion potential. This study than can redraw the relation between the physical soil properties as well as the beach geometric with the abrasion potential of the beaches. The plantations on the beaches also gave a good correlation to the abrasion problems. The study can give better understanding between the beach abrasion problems with their nature of geology and biology as well as human activities. This study then suggested that to protect the beach abrasion it is necessary to investigate many things including many fields such as engineering, coastal, geology, biology as well as social science.
Microwave-assisted conversion of agro-industrial copra residue oil to diesel engine compatible fatty acid methyl esters
Authors: Ilham Z , Hakimi M I , Mansor M R A , Goembira F
Published: December 2019

Due to the increasing concern towards fossil fuel reserve and its fluctuating price, many countries shifted towards producing biodiesel as an alternative green fuel. In this study, the main objective is to synthesis biodiesel from coconut copra, an agro-industrial residue, as potential feedstock using different transesterification techniques, namely stirring mechanical-assisted technique (SAT), ultrasonic-assisted technique (UAT), and microwave-assisted technique (MAT). The current study will show comparison between the biodiesel yields, fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) compositions and fuel properties of the transesterification techniques used. The result showed that the copra residue biodiesel (CRB) using SAT produced the highest yield of biodiesel compared to UAT and MAT, which are 96.85% (±0.69), 93.79% (±1.00), and 91.76% (±0.87), respectively. Furthermore, different volumes of solvent and catalyst amount were found to affect the biodiesel yields, relatively. On the other hand, for FAME compositions, insignificant results were observed. The fuel properties in CRB complied with the international standards, thus, showing high compatibility to be used in diesel engine.
Lesson Learned from Social Forestry Practice in a Forest and Climate Change Project in Kalimantan, Indonesia
Authors: Setiajiati Fitta , Karyaatmadja Basoeki , Sutedja Ignn , Kuswondho Harri , Satria Prabu , Sejati  , Maharani Ratih Solichia
Published: December 2019

Social forestry is considered as one element to support the practices of sustainable forest management in private and state forests in Indonesia. Currently, the government is promoting the five schemes of social forestry: Village Forest, Community Forest, Community-Based Plantation Forest, Customary Forest, and Partnership. An explorative study of a forest and climate change project in Kalimantan was conducted for 5 years and the experiences should be shared to learn about the strengths, threats, and strategies related to social forestry implementation. After the government has issued the new social forestry policy in 2016, nine villages were facilitated by the project and has obtained the Village Forest Licence. Most villagers preferred to participate in the Village Forest Scheme because the concept was simple and perceived by the people as easily managed. Village boundary agreement, community participation, intensive community empowerment by government or NGO were the important components for having social forestry licence from the Minister. Participatory land use planning was necessary to support the practice of sustainable social forestry, as well as local champion, villagers and local government commitment.
Transforming a tourism destination into a green economy: A policy analysis of Wakatobi Islands, Indonesia
Authors: Owners Pir , DeLacy Terry , Jiang Min
Published: December 2019

Using the green economy framework of DeLacy [14], this paper evaluated the policy environment regarding the green economy concept and circumstance in the destination of Wakatobi Island, Indonesia. The four policy clusters of the green economy framework guided the investigation in order to provide an understanding of the existing green economy framework policies and identify policy gaps that were pertinent to the transformation to the green economy of the tourism sector in the destination of Wakatobi Island. The policy analysis was also informed by observations in the destination to explore the extent that the destination has implemented green economy policies. It was found that the policy environment in Indonesia is generally conducive for the tourism sector to transform into a green economy. However, most of the green economy initiatives in the country are policy-level adaptation. Further, there is a strong need to incorporate measurement of indicators of progress towards the success of implementation of the published policies.
Combining Participatory Mapping, Cloud Computing and Machine Learning for Mapping Climate Induced Landslide Susceptibility in Lembeh Island, North Sulawesi
Authors: Yusri Safran , Retnowati Endang , Prastowo Mikael , Idris  , Fakhrurrozi
Published: December 2019

This study explored the use of participatory mapping and several machine learning algorithms (Naïve Bayes, GMO Maxent, SVM, CART, and Random Forest) to map climate induced landslide susceptibility in Lembeh Island, North Sulawesi, based on Earth Observation data available in Google Earth Engine. Participatory mapping on landslide incidents were conducted in three villages,
i.e.,
Kareko, Pintu Kota, and Pasir Panjang. Data used include digital elevation model from SRTM, multispectral imageries from Sentinel 2, and precipitation from CHIRPS. Terrain modelling was done to DEM to come up with elevation, slope, curvature, and aspect. A cloud free mosaic of Sentinel Images was created using the median reducer and then NDVI was calculated. Precipitation data from CHIRPS was sampled and interpolated using kriging and reduced to maximum and mean. Each algorithm was trained using 70% participatory mapping data and then the prediction was tested for accuracy using the last 30%. Results showed that Random Forest, SVM, CART, and GMO Maxent gave 0.98 testing accuracy and Naïve Bayes only 0.90. The map showed that due to the terrain condition, Lembeh Island is prone to Landslide and even though previously BNPB already provide a landslide hazard risk map, there were many areas not included on that map. Therefore, the map could become an input for BNPB and the Bitung City for developing a mitigation and adaptation strategy. Machine learning and cloud computing along with participatory mapping could also complement mechanistic or multi-criteria analysis using GIS model for landslide susceptibility mapping.
Climate Change Agent: An Evidence from Deforestation Model in Indonesia
Authors: Susandi A , Wijaya A R , Tamamadin M , Pratama A , Pratama A F , Faisal I , Pandini O P , Widiawan D A
Published: December 2019

In this study, model of deforestation is expressed as a function of the direct causes, each of these expressed as a function of the indirect causes. The socio-economic growth variables, such as population and GDP growth, were used as indirect causes of deforestation. The model assumed that deforestation was caused by wood consumption, forest product export, conversion to cropland, and forest fire. This study also calculated the elasticity of forest fire deforestation with respect to the population based on forest fire data between 1991 and 2000. Finally, it analysed the carbon emissions due to deforestation rate in Indonesian forest.
Development and validation of algorithms for LST measurement from NOAA-11/AVHRR satellite data
Authors: Rustana C E , Trismidianto  , Junia D
Published: December 2019

The purpose of this project was to develop the algorithms and characterise measurement errors of land surface temperature (LST). An initial investigation of the accuracy of retrieval of LST has employed synthetic radiances, produced using Lowtran7, for a series of land and atmospheric situations representative of the Australian continental climate. The synthetic data have been modelled to incorporate variation of surfaces emissivity, atmospheric temperature, water vapour profile, and the surface or boundary temperature. The study indicated that the success of the scheme depended on the validity of the modelled radiances, particularly with respect to the formulation of the radiative role of the water vapour constituent of the atmosphere. Whirls, the use of regression in deriving the coefficients for LST equation minimised the bias errors in the radiative transfer calculation that may arise from air mass dependence. However, our algorithms derived using statistical regression and synthetic atmospheres indicated good accuracy for LST measurement with and rms error of order 1°C when validated using data for an instrumented field site.
Insects as Pollinator of Rafflesia zollingeriana Koord. Flower in Resort Bandealit, Meru Betiri National Park
Authors: Anggunira H , Putri C S , Iskandar S R , Aji B D S , Hasanah F , Rambe R A , Setyawan A , Hermawan I , Permata R D , Krismaiyarni I , Syifa K , Nindiar H E , Haneda N F , Rusniarsyah L
Published: December 2019

Rafflesia zollingeriana Koord. is a typical Indonesian flora located in Meru Betiri National Park. It is a diesis flower whose need pollinators for its pollination. This study guessed to predict the type of insect pollinators of R. zollingeriana Koord. at Bandealit Resort, Meru Betiri National Park (TNMB). Data retrieval uses yellow pan trap and sweeps net for observing flying insects and behavioral observation to deal with insects that are active in R. zollingeriana Koord. Measurements of temperature, humidity, and canopy density carried out on sample plots. Estimation of pollinator done by comparing flying insects found with insects that are active in flower. There are 589 individuals of insect trapped consisting of 45 families, 12 orders, and five individuals unidentified. There are four female flowers and one male flower that blooms. Attractive insects as pollinators are Lucilia from Calliphoridae family, Diptera order.
Soil Fertility Evaluation for Strategic Direction Jati Plus Perhutani (JPP)
Authors: Abdillah E , Supriyo H , Na’iem M
Published: December 2019

Soil fertility evaluation conducted to assess the characteristics of the soil and determine the significant constraint factor and alternative supervision. This research aims to determine the limiting factors of soil fertility in Jati Plus Perhutani (JPP) clonal forestry and routine plantation at the research sites in a few years of planting and determining the strategic directives of supervision. Total land of 12 soil map units evaluated based on a representative profile in the semi-detail level on the research sites of FMU Ngawi and Pemalang. Data collection of soil fertility was based on Soil Research Institute and the National Soil Survey Center guidelines. Classification of soil fertility shows that the soil was dominated by silty texture and has a flat to a moderately steep slope. Soils at the research sites have low infiltration rates, high ability to restrain water, difficult cultivation, and a high potential for a run-off on sloping land. Assessment of soil fertility status at the research sites shown of CEC and base saturation high to very high. C organic, P2O5, and K2O are rated very low to low, strategic directives for land supervision and cultivation in the research sites are the application of organic substances, intensive soil management and implementation of soil conservation.
Habitat Conservation of Australian Pelican (Pelecanus conspicillatus Temminick 1824) in Mangrove Ecosystem of Bengawan Solo Estuary, Gresik Regency – East Java Province
Authors: Santoso N , Sutopo
Published: December 2019

Presence of Australian Pelican (P. conspicillatus) in mangrove ecosystem of Bengawan Solo Estuary is an important indicator for estuary health especially as a habitat that provides a feeding ground for water birds’ species. This indicator needs to be maintained for the long term through the right management. Aim of the research is 1) Identify and analyze the problem of mangrove ecosystem management; 2). Identify and analysis stakeholders’ roles; 3). Providing management strategy of mangrove ecosystem to conserve the species habitat in the study area. Research was conducted during one year (October 2017 – December 2018). Primary data of the present species was taken used the concentration count method, and management data collected by interview. Main problem of mangrove ecosystem in the study area like land conversion, land status out of the conservation areas1, and unavailable specific policy concerning the protected species in this area. Stakeholders’ role had been identified such as uncoordinated and un-similarity objectives and understanding to manage this areas as essential habitat. Management strategy i.e. involve the community, local government, and academician to implementing the action plan of habitat conservation that was provided in this study.
Potential Biomass Production Estimation of Wood Energy Species in Post Mining Reclamation Area Using CO2FIX Model
Authors: Akmalluddin F , Sulistyawati E , Sutrisno
Published: December 2019

One of the many potential uses of post-mining reclaimed land is for growing trees to use as a source of energy through their biomass. CO2FIX is a computer simulation model and can be used to estimate the production of biomass and carbon accumulation pattern of a wooden stand. The purpose of this research was to simulate biomass production of five wood energy species currently grown in the post-coal mining reclamation area at South Kalimantan, i.e. Paraserianthes falcataria, Senna siamea, Samanea saman, Peronema canescens, and Vitex pinnata. The CO2FIX model firstly parameterized for application on the study area. The data used for parameterization gathered through literature studies and field measurements. The result indicates that the parameterized CO2FIX model could realistically simulate the growth pattern of five wood energy species grown in post-mining reclaimed land. Next, the model was used to simulate the growth of five energy wood species in the following setting: monoculture planting, 3 x 3 m planting distance, and 20 years simulation. Total of biomass in descending order shown by the stand of Senna siamea (639.35 MgDM/ha), Paraserianthes falcataria (555.52 MgDM/ha), Samanea saman (385.77 MgDM/ha), Peronema canescens (297.71 MgDM/ha), and Vitex pinnata (219.42 MgDM/ha), respectively.
Developing better understanding on tropical peat fire occurrences and dynamics
Authors: Putra E I , Cochrane M A. , Saharjo B H , Graham L , Thomas A , Applegate G , Saad A , Setianto E , Sutikno S , Prayitno A
Published: December 2019

Peatland fires are a significant contributor to Indonesia’s greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, particularly during ENSO events, in drained areas, and upon first and second burns. This NASA-funded project will provide the necessary fire emissions research and expertise to increase capability of peatland fire emission quantification. The first three years of the project (2014-2017) focused on the development of methods to assess peat-fire relations and improve peat fire emission calculations, with initial data from the core area; BOSF-Mawas in Central Kalimantan. The second phase of the project (2017-2020) expanding to a national level to better advance Indonesia’s capabilities for peatland carbon emissions, increasing the data volume and knowledge in the core area, and on transplanting these methods to other peatland provinces in Indonesia, e.g., Riau and Jambi. Here, we establish and monitor dipwells and subsidence plots in Central Kalimantan, Riau, and Jambi to better understand the effect of hydrology to the peat fire. To better understand the peat fire typology and dynamics, we develop the new method for Fire Scene Evaluation and measured some peat and peat fire properties. This paper compiling the project overview, researches have been done and on-going researches in Central Kalimantan, Riau, Jambi, and Papua provinces, and some essential findings of the project.