bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A critical analysis of the relationship between cycling tourism and wellbeing
Authors:   , Wingfield Harriet Laura
Published: July 2023

This thesis critically analyses the relationship between cycling tourism and wellbeing. With 5% of adults globally suffering from depression, wellbeing dominates national health agendas and sport tourism is recognised as an endeavour with the means to enhance it. Despite the rising popularity of cycling tourism globally as a form of sport tourism providing opportunities to improve wellbeing, this group are relatively under-researched. This study investigated wellbeing via a positive psychology lens, considering the two dominant philosophies: hedonia (immediate experiences, pleasure and pain avoidance) and eudaimonia (longer-term satisfaction and fulfilment). With limited sport tourism studies applying theories from positive psychology, this research took an interdisciplinary approach, drawing on self-determination theory and subjective wellbeing theory to address the knowledge gap. The research is qualitative and employs an inductive methodology, based on 40 semi-structured interviews with UK cycling tourists from organised trips. Data was analysed via thematic content analysis to identify emergent themes. Key findings identify cycling tourism as an emplaced experience connecting the mobile body, senses and place, which promote social identity development and self-efficacy to enhance wellbeing. An important link was identified between unpleasant negative experiences stimulating eudaimonic outcomes. The originality of this research emerges via the revelatory discovery of emplacement as an appropriate theoretical lens to conceptualise wellbeing, not yet applied to sport tourism contexts. Practically, this research contributes knowledge to tour operators for product development and marketing strategies to improve client wellbeing and generate revenue. The core contribution to knowledge is presented through the conceptual framework which offers a unique understanding of the relationship between cycling tourism, motivation and wellbeing and is potentially transferable to other contexts. With a UK-based sample, the findings are not generalisable to the entire cycling tourism population. Moreover, researcher positionality can affect ethical research. Gaining non-western perspectives should be the focus of future research.
UNSETTLING CONCEPTIONS OF POWER THROUGH TEACHING AND LEARNING CRITICAL REFLECTION ON SOCIAL WORK PRACTICE
Authors: Béres Laura , Fonseka Trehani M.
Published: July 2023

Social work education is expected to offer students the opportunity to develop the skills necessary for critical self-reflection as it relates to professional practice. In this paper, we will describe how a model of critical reflection is taught and practiced within our MSW program in a Canadian School of Social Work. As a professor and student within the course, we describe our experience of engaging with the incident that the student used to learn the underlying theories and process of critical reflection. Her experience involved recognizing previously taken-for-granted conceptions of power, which she explored in her final paper for the course. We continued to critically reflect together following completion of the course, and our explorations are presented and expanded upon in this paper as an example of the potential of critical reflection, and as a reminder of the importance to continually reflect upon the complexity of power. Although we began with differing conceptions of power, we agree that power is neither solely ‘bad’ nor ‘good,’ but rather is complex, fluid, and relational. The paper provides an example of the benefits of incorporating opportunities for sustained critical reflection in social work education and concludes with implications for social work practice.
Kant, Husserl et la question de l’humanité de la connaissance
Authors: Anderson Jean-Christophe
Published: July 2023

Cet article interroge la présence, dans la Critique de la raison pure,
d’une « clause anthropologique » redoublant le procès de la raison. À partir de la critique
formulée par Husserl, selon laquelle Kant se montrerait coupable, en dépit de ses percées
transcendantales, d’une forme de relativisme anthropologique, il s’agit plus précisément de
clarifier la fonction limitative de l’incise « pour nous hommes » qui ponctue le texte de la
première Critique. En dépit des apparences qui ont pu mener Husserl à soutenir que
Kant cherche à expliquer par cette clause la validité universelle des jugements
synthétiques a priori, mais se trouve par le fait même à limiter cette validité, il
est possible de soutenir que l’humanité de notre pouvoir de connaître n’est jamais
présupposée par Kant et constitue en réalité une découverte de la raison à son propre
sujet.
Operationalizing Equity in Surgical Prioritization
Authors: Wiebe Kayla , Kelley Simon , Fecteau Annie , Levine Mark , Blajchman Iram , Zlotnik Shaul Randi , Kirsch Roxanne
Published: July 2023

The allocation of critical care resources and triaging patients garnered a great deal of attention during the COVID-19 pandemic, but there is a paucity of guidance regarding the ethical aspects of resource allocation and patient prioritization in ‘normal’ circumstances for Canadian healthcare systems. One context where allocation and prioritization decisions are required are surgical waitlists, which have been globally exacerbated due to the COVID-19 pandemic. In this paper, we detail the process used to develop an ethics framework to support prioritization for elective surgery at The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, a tertiary pediatric hospital. Our goal was to provide guidance for the more value-laden aspects of prioritization, particularly when clinical urgency alone is insufficient to dictate priority. With this goal in mind, we worked to capture familial, relational, and equity considerations. As part of our institution’s concerted efforts to ethically and effectively address our surgical backlog, an ethics working group was formed comprising clinicians from surgery, anesthesiology, intensive care, a hospital bioethicist, a parent advisor, and an academic bioethics researcher. A reflective equilibrium process was used to develop an ethics framework. To this end, the same methodology was used to create a support for patient prioritization that identifies clinically and morally relevant factors for prioritization among medically similar surgical cases, with a substantive goal being to identify and redress health inequities in surgical prioritization, inasmuch as this is possible. While further steps are needed to validate several aspects of the framework, our research suggests that an ethics framework grounded in the practical realities of hospital operations provides consistency, transparency, and needed support for decisions that are often left to individual clinicians, as well as an opportunity to reflect upon the presence of health inequities in all domains of healthcare delivery.
“Home to Fail” Discharges: A Question of Motivation
Authors: Landry Christinia
Published: July 2023

Sending patients “home to fail” while anticipating their speedy readmittance is, prima facie, ethically troubling as are all unsafe discharges. However, “home to fail” cases may also be covertly ethically troubling insofar as they raise questions of medical paternalism due to a motivational component which drives these types of cases: by discharging a patient “home to fail” she will come to appreciate that living at home is unsafe and thus unwise, prompting her to choose differently in the future.
Kevorkian’s Legacy
Authors: Gordon Michael
Published: July 2023

This history of the modern introduction of assisted suicide in North America follow a tortuous course, with complete rejection of the idea, to implementation in many of its jurisdictions. North America was not a leader in this approach to end-of-life care, with the Netherlands and Belgium playing that role. Tracing the path from a felonious and ethically anathematic place in North American society it was resurrected into a legally and ethically acceptable practice over a period of two decades. The historical course of PAS (Physician Assisted Suicide) and MAID (Medical Assistance in Dying) in many ways mimicked the evolution of other major changes in our view of the world, and like assisted suicide, experienced almost universal rejection and ultimately the embrace of those people and institutions that initially rejected the ideas first expressed by thoughtful and heroic persons. Galileo Galilei was one of the icons of science and discovery: he was almost burned at the stake during the Inquisition only to be “resurrected” to his place in the pantheon of great thinkers – but it took almost four hundred years to reach that pinnacle. We must be very careful how we interpret new ideas and thoughts about the process we apply and the consequences if we reject them.
Peculiarities of Interannual Variability of Sea Ice Area in the Northern Hemisphere
Authors: Fedorov Valerii Mikhailovich , Zalikhanov Alim Mikhailovich , Degtyarev Kirill Stanislavovich
Published: July 2023

The research has been made on the basis of an array of ice data for the maximums and minimums seasonal distribution of sea ice in the Northern Hemisphere. The probability range for the appearance of positive differences after the negative ones in March is greater than in September, and conversely. During the periods of minimum (March) and maximum (September) interannual changes, after positive differences with an increase in the number of differences in the group, the values of subsequent changes increase. There is an increase in the probability of a one sign occurrence interannual difference with an increase in the group of another sign previous differences. For the probability of zero differences (absence of variability), there is an increase in both the probability of zero values and the number of previous zero differences. The results indicate the presence of a stabilization mechanism in the stochastic interannual variability of the sea ice area, which is confirmed by an increase in the probability of the appearance of a one sign and the number of previous differences of another sign in the group. An increase in the probability of zero values with an increase in the number of previous zero differences confirms the presence of geographical areas in which there are no interannual changes in the area of sea ice.
The President of the Russian Federation as an Object of Public Control: Constitutional and Legal Analysis
Authors: Goncharov Vitalii Viktorovich
Published: July 2023

This article is devoted to the analysis of problems and prospects of the organization and implementation of public control over the President of the Russian Federation. The subject of the analysis is the relevant provisions of Russian legislation devoted to the consolidation of the mechanism of organization and implementation of public control over the activities, acts and decisions of the head of state and the practice of their application. General and private scientific methods are used - analysis, synthesis, analogy, formal-legal, comparative-legal, interpretation of legal norms, sociological, historical-legal, etc. The author formalizes and analyzes the main problems that hinder the organization and implementation of public control over the President of the Russian Federation, and also develops and justifies a system of measures to resolve them. The issues of development and implementation of new forms, methods, types of public control measures in relation to the activities, acts and decisions of the head of state need further scientific understanding are revealed by the author of the article.
On the Problems and Prospects of Development of the Institute of Public Councils under Federal Executive Authorities: Constitutional and Legal Analysis
Authors: Goncharov Vitalii Viktorovich
Published: July 2023

Coverage of the problem. This article is devoted to the constitutional and legal analysis of the problems and prospects for the development of the institute of public councils under federal executive authorities in the Russian Federation. Materials and methods of research. The subject of the analysis is the relevant provisions of Russian legislation on the organization and activities of public councils under federal executive authorities in the Russian Federation and the practice of their application; general and private scientific methods are used - analysis, synthesis, analogy, formal-legal, comparative-legal, interpretation of legal norms, historical-legal. Results. The paper substantiates a system of measures to resolve these problems, which will ensure the further development of both the specified variety of subjects of public control and, in general, the institute of public control in the Russian Federation. Discussion. The issues of development and implementation of new forms and methods of functioning of public councils under federal executive authorities in the Russian Federation need further scientific understanding.
Reciprocal discoidin domain receptor signaling strengthens integrin adhesion to connect adjacent tissues
Authors: Park Kieop , Jayadev Ranjay , Payne Sara G , Kenny-Ganzert Isabel W , Chi Qiuyi , Costa Daniel S , Ramos-Lewis William , Thendral Siddharthan B , Sherwood David R
Published: July 2023

Separate tissues connect through adjoining basement membranes to carry out molecular barrier, exchange, and organ support functions. Cell adhesion at these connections must be robust and balanced to withstand independent tissue movement. Yet, how cells achieve synchronized adhesion to connect tissues is unknown. Here, we have investigated this question using the Caenorhabditis elegans utse-seam tissue connection that supports the uterus during egg-laying. Through genetics, quantitative fluorescence, and cell-specific molecular disruption, we show that type IV collagen, which fastens the linkage, also activates the collagen receptor discoidin domain receptor-2 (DDR-2) in both the utse and seam. RNAi depletion, genome editing, and photobleaching experiments revealed that DDR-2 signals through LET-60/Ras to coordinately strengthen an integrin adhesion in the utse and seam that stabilizes their connection. These results uncover a synchronizing mechanism for robust adhesion during tissue connection, where collagen both affixes the linkage and signals to both tissues to bolster their adhesion.
Periaqueductal gray activates antipredatory neural responses in the amygdala of foraging rats
Authors: Kim Eun Joo , Kong Mi-Seon , Park Sanggeon , Cho Jeiwon , Kim Jeansok John
Published: July 2023

Pavlovian fear conditioning research suggests that the interaction between the dorsal periaqueductal gray (dPAG) and basolateral amygdala (BLA) acts as a prediction error mechanism in the formation of associative fear memories. However, their roles in responding to naturalistic predatory threats, characterized by less explicit cues and the absence of reiterative trial-and-error learning events, remain unexplored. In this study, we conducted single-unit recordings in rats during an ‘approach food-avoid predator’ task, focusing on the responsiveness of dPAG and BLA neurons to a rapidly approaching robot predator. Optogenetic stimulation of the dPAG triggered fleeing behaviors and increased BLA activity in naive rats. Notably, BLA neurons activated by dPAG stimulation displayed immediate responses to the robot, demonstrating heightened synchronous activity compared to BLA neurons that did not respond to dPAG stimulation. Additionally, the use of anterograde and retrograde tracer injections into the dPAG and BLA, respectively, coupled with c-Fos activation in response to predatory threats, indicates that the midline thalamus may play an intermediary role in innate antipredatory-defensive functioning.
FMRP regulates neuronal migration via MAP1B
Authors: Messaoudi S. , Stoufflet J. , Fouquet C. , Doulazmi M. , Allam A. , Paillard T. , Trembleau A. , Caillé I.
Published: July 2023

The Fragile X Syndrome (FXS) is the most common form of inherited intellectual disability, and the first monogenic cause of Autism Spectrum Disorder. FXS is caused by the absence of the RNA-binding protein FMRP (Fragile X Messenger Ribonucleoprotein).Neuronal migration is an essential step of brain development allowing displacement of neurons from their germinal niches to their final integration site. The precise role of FMRP in neuronal migration remains mostly unexplored. We studied the consequences of FMRP absence on migration, by live-imaging neurons of the postnatal Rostral Migratory Stream (RMS).In
Fmr1-null
RMS, neurons exhibit a slowed-down migration and an impaired trajectory, associated with defects of their centrosomal movement. RNA-interference-induced knockdown of
Fmr1
shows that these migratory defects are cell-autonomous. Finally, the FMRP mRNA target involved in these defects is MAP1B (Microtubule-Associated Protein 1B), since its knockdown rescues most migratory defects.Our results thus unveil a new neurodevelopmental role of FMRP, as a crucial actor of neuronal migration linked to MAP1B, potentially important for the understanding of FXS pathophysiology.
DNA methylation-environment interactions in the human genome
Authors: Johnston Rachel A , Aracena Katherine A , Barreiro Luis B , Lea Amanda J , Tung Jenny
Published: July 2023

Previously, we showed that a massively parallel reporter assay, mSTARR-seq, could be used to simultaneously test for both enhancer-like activity and DNA methylation-dependent enhancer activity for millions of loci in a single experiment (Lea et al., 2018). Here, we apply mSTARR-seq to query nearly the entire human genome, including almost all CpG sites profiled either on the commonly used Illumina Infinium MethylationEPIC array or via reduced representation bisulfite sequencing. We show that fragments containing these sites are enriched for regulatory capacity, and that methylation-dependent regulatory activity is in turn sensitive to the cellular environment. In particular, regulatory responses to interferon alpha (IFNA) stimulation are strongly attenuated by methyl marks, indicating widespread DNA methylation-environment interactions. In agreement, methylation-dependent responses to IFNA identified via mSTARR-seq predict methylation-dependent transcriptional responses to challenge with influenza virus in human macrophages. Our observations support the idea that pre-existing DNA methylation patterns can influence the response to subsequent environmental exposures—one of the tenets of biological embedding. However, we also find that, on average, sites previously associated with early life adversity are not more likely to functionally influence gene regulation than expected by chance.
The Physicochemical Properties and Microbial Populations of Nicosulfuron Treated Soil in Yola, Adamawa State, Nigeria
Authors: Dagze J. K. , Chimbekujwo I. B. , Nahunnaro H. , Bawa Z. , Tizhe T. D. , Vandi S.
Published: July 2023

The use of herbicides in the modern system of farming has really help in boosting crop production, this way meeting up with the ever increasing demand for food by the always increasing human population. However, these herbicides have different mode of actions and effect on soil components; and their continued usage has affected the soil microbial communities and other soil components most of which are the non-target. This study, therefore, was focused on evaluating the physicochemical properties and microbial population of nicosulfuron treated soils of Yola, Adamawa State, Nigeria. The study was carried out in both 2021 and 2022 in the Research Farm of the Department of Plant Science, Modibbo Adama University, Yola. The samples of the soil treated with the different concentrations of nicosulfuron were obtained at 0, 2, 4 and 6 Weeks after Treatment (WAT) at the depth between 0-12 cm. The physicochemical properties and the bacterial and fungal populations of the collected soil samples were determined using standard laboratory procedures. The results revealed that the soils treated with the 50, 100, 150 and 200 g/ha concentrations of nicosulfuron had a comparable values for physicochemical (except percentage moisture content, organic carbon and matter and total nitrogen) properties that include: pH, electrical conductivity, Calcium, magnesium and potassium ions, total exchangeable acidity, total exchangeable base, effective cation exchange capacity, percentage base saturation. On the basis of duration of application, however, the nicosulfuron had significant effect on the physicochemical properties with 6 WAT having the highest values for the physicochemical properties compared to other sampling durations. On the bacterial (except the fungal) population, the nicosulfuron also had a significant effect with the treated soils having the lowest populations of both bacteria and fungi. The study therefore, concluded that the duration of application of nicosulfuron have significant effect on physicochemical properties of soil in Yola. On the bacterial and fungal populations of the soil, nicosulfuron also had significant effect.
Raising the Efficiency of Mineral Fertilization Using Azolla with Microelements
Authors: Yousif Enas E. , El-Sherpiny Mohamed A. , Faiyad Riham M. N.
Published: July 2023

Synthetic nitrogen fertilizers can contribute to environmental hazards. Moreover, their manufacturing is an energy-intensive process which causes greenhouse gas emissions, which can lead to climate change. Therefore, it should evaluate the possibility to use organic sources such as Azolla as a partial substitute for synthetic nitrogen fertilizers in cultivation, as this may reduce the cost of fertilizer inputs, and promote sustainable agriculture. So, a field trial was carried out in the Tag El-Ezz Experimental Farm (30°56' 12.88" E longitude and 31°31' 47.64" N latitude) during seasons of 2021/2022 and 2022/2023 to assess the additive of nitrogen recommended dose (NRD=178.6 kg N ha-1) as combined treatments of urea (46.5%N) as mineral nitrogen source and Azolla (4.0 %N) as organic nitrogen source. Also, the exogenous application of zinc (zinc sulfate, 22.8% Zn) and copper (copper sulfate, 21.8 %Cu) was evaluated. The tested plant was wheat (Cv. Giza 171). The nitrogen treatments [T1: 100% of NRD as urea (control),T2:75% of NRD as urea+25% of NRD as Azolla,T3:50% of NRD as urea+50% of NRD as Azolla, T4: 25% of NRD as urea +75% of NRD as Azolla and T5: 100% of NRD as Azolla] represented the main plots, while exogenous application of the studied elements [F1: control (without spraying),F2:Zn (at rate of 200 mgL-1) and F3: (Cu at rate of 20 mgL-1)]  represented the sub main plots. The findings illustrate that wheat plants grown under T2 treatment had  the highest values of growth performance (e.g., fresh and dry weights and total chlorophyll), yield and its components (e.g., grain yield, spike length and weight of 1000 grain) and biochemical traits (e.g., carbohydrates and total protein) compared to the corresponding wheat plants grown under other  studied N treatments, as T1 treatment (control) came in the second order followed by T3 treatment, while T4 and T5 treatments came in the last order, respectively. Regarding the external applications, the cu foliar application was the superior treatment followed by Zn treatment, while the control treatment came in the last order. Generally, the maximum values were recorded under combined treatment of (T2xF3). On the other hand, some soil fertility parameters like A-N, A-P and A-K were affected due to all studied treatments. Finally, it can be concluded the possibility of using Azolla as a partial substitute for synthetic nitrogen fertilizers. Also, the obtained results confirm the vital role of both Zn and Cu in wheat plants.
Effect of Phosphorus and Biofertilizers on Growth and Yield of Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)
Authors: Lalrinzuali  , Singh Rajesh , Pradhan Akankhya
Published: July 2023

A field experiment was carried out during rabi season of 2022 on Chickpea crop at Crop Research Farm, Department of Agronomy, SHUATS, Prayagraj, (U.P India). The soil of the experimental plot was Sandy loam in texture, with a pH 7.2, that was neutral with EC- 0.26 (dS/m), organic carbon (0.72%), available N (178.48kg/ha), available P (27.80kg/ha) and available K (233.24kg/ha). The treatments consisted of 3 levels of Phosphorus (40, 50 and 60kg/ha) and Biofertilizers (Rhizobium sp., Pseudomonas striata, PSB) and a control. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Block Design (RBD) with 10 treatments and replicated thrice. The present investigation was carried to find out “Effect of Phosphorus and Biofertilizers on Growth and Yield of Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.). Application of Phosphorus 60kg/ha + PSB produced higher plant height (52.56 cm), No. of nodules/plant (23.03), dry weight (8.19g), No. of pods/plant (30.90), No. of seeds/pod (1.53), seed yield (2570.74kg/ha) and stover yield (3583.33kg/ha) in Chickpea.
“Left on their own”: Left‐handedness among rhinologists and otolaryngology trainees
Authors: Lamb Meredith M. , Russel Sarah M. , Farzal Zainab , Kim Sulgi , Stack Taylor , Alicea Delgado Daniel , Mohammad Ibtisam , Zeatoun Abdullah , Klatt‐Cromwell Cristine N. , Thorp Brian D. , Ebert Charles S. , Kimple Adam J. , Senior Brent A. , Lopez Erin
Published: July 2023

Key Points

Left‐hand‐dominant (LHD) respondents reported higher rates of training difficulties because of handedness differences.

LHD respondents cited particular difficulty with functional endoscopic sinus surgery.

Both LHD and right‐hand‐dominant respondents perceived a need for laterality‐specific training during residency.
Cl2⋅− Mediates Direct and Selective Conversion of Inert C(sp3)−H Bonds into Aldehydes/Ketones
Authors: Zhang Qinhua , An Bo , Lei Yu , Gao Zhixiao , Zhang Haonan , Xue Sheng , Jin Xin , Xu Wengang , Wu Zihan , Wu Mingbo , Yang Xin , Wu Wenting
Published: July 2023

Developing new reactive pathway to activate inert C(sp3)−H bonds for valuable oxygenated products remains a challenge. We prepared a series of triazine conjugated organic polymers to photoactivate C−H into aldehyde/ketone via O2→H2O2→⋅OH→Cl⋅→Cl2⋅−. Experiment results showed Cl2⋅− could successively activate C(sp3)−H more effectively than Cl⋅ to generate unstable dichlorinated intermediates, increasing the kinetic rate ratio of dichlorination to monochlorination by a factor of 2,000 and thus breaking traditional dichlorination kinetic constraints. These active intermediates were hydrolyzed into aldehydes or ketones easily, when compared with typical stable dichlorinated complexes, avoiding chlorinated by‐product generation. Moreover, an integrated two‐phase system in an acid solution strengthened the Cl2⋅− mediated process and inhibited product overoxidation, where the conversion rate of toluene reached 16.94 mmol/g/h and the selectivity of benzaldehyde was 99.5 %. This work presents a facile and efficient approach for selective conversion of inert C(sp3)−H bonds using Cl2⋅−.
Strengthening Aqueous Electrolytes without Strengthening Water
Authors: Tang Longteng , Xu Yunkai , Zhang Weiyi , Sui Yiming , Scida Alexis , Tachibana Sean R. , Garaga Mounesha , Sandstrom Sean K. , Chiu Nan‐Chieh , Stylianou Kyriakos C. , Greenbaum Steve G. , Greaney Peter Alex , Fang Chong , Ji Xiulei
Published: July 2023

Aqueous electrolytes typically suffer from poor electrochemical stability; however, eutectic aqueous solutions—25 wt.% LiCl and 62 wt.% H3PO4—cooled to −78 °C exhibit a significantly widened stability window. Integrated experimental and simulation results reveal that, upon cooling, Li+ ions become less hydrated and pair up with Cl−, ice‐like water clusters form, and H⋅⋅⋅Cl− bonding strengthens. Surprisingly, this low‐temperature solvation structure does not strengthen water molecules’ O−H bond, bucking the conventional wisdom that increasing water's stability requires stiffening the O−H covalent bond. We propose a more general mechanism for water's low temperature inertness in the electrolyte: less favorable solvation of OH− and H+, the byproducts of hydrogen and oxygen evolution reactions. To showcase this stability, we demonstrate an aqueous Li‐ion battery using LiMn2O4 cathode and CuSe anode with a high energy density of 109 Wh/kg. These results highlight the potential of aqueous batteries for polar and extraterrestrial missions.
Boosting Fe Cationic Vacancies with Graphdiyne to Enhance Exceptional Pseudocapacitive Lithium Intercalation
Authors: Gao Jingchi , Yan Xingru , Huang Changshui , Zhang Zhihui , Fu Xinlong , Chang Qian , He Feng , Li Meiping , Li Yuliang
Published: July 2023

Modulating the electronic structure of electrode materials at atomic level is the key to controlling electrodes with outstanding rate capability. On the basis of modulating the iron cationic vacancies (IV) and electronic structure of materials, we proposed the method of preparing graphdiyne/ferroferric oxide heterostructure (IV‐GDY‐FO) as anode materials. The goal is to motivate lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs) toward ultra‐high capacity, superior cyclic stability, and excellent rate performance. The graphdiyne is used as carriers to disperse Fe3O4 uniformly without agglomeration and induce high valence of Fe with reducing the energy in the system. The presence of Fe vacancy could regulate the charge distribution around vacancies and adjacent atoms, leading to facilitate electronic transportation, enlarge the lithium‐ion diffusion, and decrease Li+ diffusion barriers, and thus displaying significant pseudocapacitive process and advantageous lithium‐ion storage. The optimized electrode IV‐GDY‐FO reveals a capacity of 2084.1 mAh g−1 at 0.1 C, superior cycle stability and rate performance with a high specific capacity of 1057.4 mAh g−1 even at 10 C.
Correlating Metal Redox Potentials to Co(III)K(I) Catalyst Performances in Carbon Dioxide and Propene Oxide Ring Opening Copolymerization
Authors: Lindeboom Wouter , Deacy Arron C. , Phanopoulos Andreas , Buchard Antoine , Williams Charlotte K.
Published: July 2023

Carbon dioxide copolymerization is a front‐runner CO2 utilization strategy but its viability depends on improving the catalysis. So far, catalyst structure‐performance correlations have not been straightforward, limiting the ability to predict how to improve both catalytic activity and selectivity. Here, a simple measure of a catalyst ground‐state parameter, metal reduction potential, directly correlates with both polymerization activity and selectivity. It is applied to compare performances of 6 new heterodinuclear Co(III)K(I) catalysts for propene oxide (PO)/CO2 ring opening copolymerization (ROCOP) producing poly(propene carbonate) (PPC). The best catalyst shows an excellent turnover frequency of 389 h−1 and high PPC selectivity of >99 % (50 °C, 20 bar, 0.025 mol% catalyst). As demonstration of its utility, neither DFT calculations nor ligand Hammett parameter analyses are viable predictors. It is proposed that the cobalt redox potential informs upon the active site electron density with a more electron rich cobalt centre showing better performances. The method may be widely applicable and is recommended to guide future catalyst discovery for other (co)polymerizations and carbon dioxide utilizations.
Katalytische Alkin‐Semihydrierung mit Polyhydrid‐Ni/Ga‐Clustern
Authors: Muhr Maximilian , Liang Hao , Allmendinger Lars , Bühler Raphael , Napoli Fabrizio E. , Ukaj Dardan , Cokoja Mirza , Jandl Christian , Kahlal Samia , Saillard Jean‐Yves , Gemel Christian , Fischer Roland A.
Published: July 2023

Der bimetallische, dekanukleare Ni3Ga7‐Cluster [Ni3(GaTMP)3(μ2‐GaTMP)3(μ3‐GaTMP)] (1, TMP=2,2,6,6‐ Tetramethylpiperidinyl) reagiert reversibel mit Wasserstoff unter Bildung einer Reihe von (Poly‐)Hydridclustern 2. Tieftemperatur‐2D NMR‐Experimente bei −80 °C zeigen, dass 2 aus einem Gemisch von Di‐ (2Di), Tetra‐ (2Tetra) und Hexahydrid‐Spezies (2Hexa) besteht. Die Strukturen von 2Di und 2Tetra werden durch eine Kombination aus 2D NMR‐Spektroskopie und DFT‐Berechnungen untersucht. Das Zusammenspiel beider Metalle ist für die hohe Wasserstoffinkorperierung des Clusters entscheidend. Die Polyhydride 2 sind bei der Semihydrierung von 4‐Octin zu 4‐Octen bei guter Selektivität katalytisch aktiv. Bei 2 handelt es sich um die erste Spezies ihrer Art, die die Eigenschaften von molekularen, atomgenauen Übergangsmetall‐/Hauptgruppenmetallclustern konzeptionell mit der entsprechenden Festkörperphase in der Katalyse verbindet.
Bulk‐Phase Reconstruction Enables Robust Zinc Metal Anodes for Aqueous Zinc‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Yang Zefang , Hu Chao , Zhang Qi , Wu Tingqing , Xie Chunlin , Wang Hao , Tang Yougen , Ji Xiaobo , Wang Haiyan
Published: July 2023

Aqueous zinc‐ion batteries are inherently safe, but the severe dendrite growth and corrosion reaction on zinc anodes greatly hinder their practical applications. Most of the strategies for zinc anode modification refer to the research of lithium metal anodes on surface regulation without considering the intrinsic mechanisms of zinc anode. Herein, we first point out that surface modification cannot permanently protect zinc anodes due to the unavoidable surface damage during the stripping process by solid–liquid conversion. A bulk‐phase reconstruction strategy is proposed to introduce abundant zincophilic sites both on the surface and inside the commercial zinc foils. The bulk‐phase reconstructed zinc foil anodes exhibit uniform surfaces with high zincophilicity even after deep stripping, significantly improving the resistance to dendrite growth and side reactions. Our proposed strategy suggests a promising direction for the development of dendrite‐free metal anodes for practical rechargeable batteries with high sustainability.
Reverse takotsubo cardiomyopathy induced by adrenaline‐containing irrigation solution during shoulder arthroscopy*
Authors: Azem K. , Kaplan O. , Zribi B. , Elliston J. , Mangoubi E. , Orvin K. , Fein S.
Published: July 2023

Takotsubo cardiomyopathy is characterised by reversible systolic dysfunction resulting from catecholamine‐induced vasospasm, mainly triggered by intense emotional or physical stress. Adding adrenaline to arthroscopic irrigation solution enhances visibility by minimising bleeding. However, there is a risk of complications due to systemic absorption. Several severe cardiac consequences have been described. Here, we present a case of a patient who underwent elective shoulder arthroscopy involving an adrenaline‐containing irrigation solution. Forty‐five minutes after surgery began, he developed ventricular arrhythmias with hemodynamic instability, necessitating vasopressor support. Bedside transthoracic echocardiography revealed severe left ventricular dysfunction with basal ballooning, and emergent coronary angiography revealed normal coronary arteries. These findings correspond to a reverse variant of takotsubo cardiomyopathy. The patient was transferred to the intensive cardiac care unit sedated, ventilated and hemodynamically supported. Three days following the procedure, he was successfully weaned from vasopressors and mechanical ventilation. Transthoracic echocardiography 3 months after surgery demonstrated complete left ventricular function recovery. Although complications due to adrenaline‐containing irrigation solutions are rare, a growing body of case reports should prompt consideration of the safety of this practice.
Study of thermal transitions of copolymers based on N‐isopropylacrylamide and acrylic acid with potential for curcumin controlled release
Authors: Ramírez‐Irigoyen Andya J. , García‐Verdugo Karla F. , Castillo‐Ortega María Mónica , Rodríguez‐Félix Dora E. , Encinas José Carmelo , Plascencia‐Jatomea Maribel , Argüelles‐Monal Waldo , Sauceda Irela Santos , Pérez‐González Refugio , del Castillo‐Castro Teresa
Published: July 2023

Thermosensitive polymers based on poly(N‐isopropylacrylamide) (pNIPAM) have been widely evaluated in a variety of biomedical applications due to their particular thermal behavior in aqueous solutions. Despite this, few works have focused on the complementary analysis of the thermal transitions of pNIPAM polymers in linear and crosslinked form. In this work, linear and crosslinked poly(N‐isopropylacrylamide‐co‐acrylic acid) p(NIPAM‐co‐AA) copolymers were synthesized at similar NIPAM/AA feed composition and their thermosensitive behavior was studied by turbidimetric methods, FTIR spectroscopy analysis, and temperature‐dependent swelling measurements. The intermolecular crosslinking hindered the hydrophobic aggregation of chain segments, leading to higher transition temperatures of synthesized polymers. AA units promoted the intersegment hydrogen bonds during heating and strengthened the hydrogen bond interactions water‐network. The effect of the thermosensitive behavior of p(NIPAM‐co‐AA) copolymer on curcumin (CUR) release kinetic was also studied. The low uptake level of p(NIPAM‐co‐AA) hydrogel, partially shrunken at 37°C, produced a CUR sustained delivery, reaching the release equilibrium state up to 18 h. Hydrogels of p(NIPAM‐co‐AA) with a suitable composition exhibited a promising performance for the CUR controlled delivery at physiological conditions.
Zulässige Schienendruckkräfte für den Nachweis der Gleis‐Tragwerks‐Interaktion bei Fester Fahrbahn
Authors: Diers Johannes , Wenner Marc , Slovák Bohdana , Marx Steffen
Published: July 2023

Beim modernen Oberbau mit lückenlos verschweißter Schiene entstehen auf Brücken durch die Interaktion mit dem Bauwerk höhere axiale Beanspruchungen der Schiene als auf dem Damm. Beim Schotteroberbau gilt es die Druckkräfte in der Schiene zu begrenzen, um Gleisverwerfungen zu vermeiden. Dazu wurden in den 1980er‐Jahren umfangreiche Untersuchungen durchgeführt, woraus ein Grenzwert für die zulässigen zusätzlichen Druckspannungen von 72 MPa definiert wurde. Bei der Festen Fahrbahn liegen jedoch keine Erfahrungen zum Verhalten unter großen Druckkräften vor und der erhöhte Grenzwert von 92 MPa beruht auf keiner wissenschaftlich nachvollziehbaren Basis. Für den Fall der EÜ Itztal auf der Neubaustrecke Ebensfeld–Erfurt konnte der Nachweis der zusätzlichen Druckspannungen mit dem Grenzwert von 92 MPa nicht erbracht werden. Um fallspezifisch einen neuen Grenzwert festlegen zu können, wurden Untersuchungen vorgenommen, die in diesem Aufsatz vorgestellt werden. Das Verhalten des Systems unter großen Druckkräften wurde rechnerisch und experimentell untersucht. Für den Nachweis einer ausreichenden Sicherheit des Systems bei großen Schienendruckkräften wurden Grenzzustände festgelegt und für abgesicherte Einwirkungskombinationen nachgewiesen. Das Fallbeispiel zeigt die Reserven des Systems auf und legt eine mögliche Methode für eine grundsätzliche Überarbeitung des Grenzwerts der Schienendruckspannungen beim System Feste Fahrbahn vor.
Managing Cancer and Living Meaningfully (CALM) alleviates chemotherapy related cognitive impairment (CRCI) in breast cancer survivors: A pilot study based on resting‐state fMRI
Authors: Yao Senbang , Zhu Qinqin , Zhang Qianqian , Cai Yinlian , Liu Shaochun , Pang Lulian , Jing Yanyan , Yin Xiangxiang , Cheng Huaidong
Published: July 2023

Background

Chemotherapy related cognitive impairment (CRCI) is a type of memory and cognitive impairment induced by chemotherapy and has become a growing clinical problem. Breast cancer survivors (BCs) refer to patients from the moment of breast cancer diagnosis to the end of their lives. Managing Cancer and Living Meaningfully (CALM) is a convenient and easy‐to‐apply psychological intervention that has been proven to improve quality of life and alleviate CRCI in BCs. However, the underlying neurobiological mechanisms remain unclear. Resting‐state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs‐fMRI) has become an effective method for understanding the neurobiological mechanisms of brain networks in CRCI. The fractional amplitude of low‐frequency fluctuations (fALFF) and ALFF have often been used in analyzing the power and intensity of spontaneous regional resting state neural activity.

Methods

The recruited BCs were randomly divided into the CALM group and the care as usual (CAU) group. All BCs were evaluated by the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy Cognitive Function (FACT‐Cog) before and after CALM or CAU. The rs‐fMRI imaging was acquired before and after CALM intervention in CALM group BCs. The BCs were defined as before CALM intervention (BCI) group and after CALM intervention (ACI) group.

Results

There were 32 BCs in CALM group and 35 BCs in CAU group completed the overall study. There were significant differences between the BCI group and the ACI group in the FACT‐Cog‐PCI scores. Compared with the BCI group, the ACI group showed lower fALFF signal in the left medial frontal gyrus and right sub‐gyral and higher fALFF in the left occipital_sup and middle occipital gyrus. There was a significant positive correlation between hippocampal ALFF value and FACT‐Cog‐PCI scores.

Conclusions

CALM intervention may have an effective function in alleviating CRCI of BCs. The altered local synchronization and regional brain activity may be correlated with the improved cognitive function of BCs who received the CALM intervention. The ALFF value of hippocampus seems to be an important factor in reflect cognitive function in BCs with CRCI and the neural network mechanism of CALM intervention deserves further exploration to promote its application.
Trityl‐Based Lanthanide‐Supramolecular Assemblies Exhibiting Slow Magnetic Relaxation
Authors: Marcinkowski Dawid , Kubicki Maciej , Patroniak Violetta , Muzioł Tadeusz , Chorazy Szymon , Shi Le , Zychowicz Mikołaj , Majcher‐Fitas Anna M. , Podgajny Robert , Gorczyński Adam
Published: July 2023

The triphenylmethane (trityl) group has been recognized as a supramolecular synthon in crystal engineering, molecular machine rotors and stereochemical chirality inductors in materials science. Herein we demonstrate for the first time how it can be utilized in the domain of molecular magnetic materials through shaping of single molecule magnet (SMM) properties within the lanthanide complexes in tandem with other non‐covalent interactions. Trityl‐appended mono‐ (HL1) and bis‐compartmental (HL2) hydrazone ligands were synthesized and complexated with Dy(III) and Er(III) triflate and nitrate salts to generate four monometallic (1–4) and two bimetallic (5, 6) complexes. The static and dynamic magnetic properties of 1–6 were investigated, revealing that only ligand HL1 induces assemblies (1–4) capable of showing SMM behaviour, with Dy(III) congeners (1, 2) able to exhibit the phenomenon also under zero field conditions. Theoretical ab initio studies helped in determination of Dy(III) energetic levels, magnetic anisotropic axes and corroborated magnetic relaxation mechanisms to be a combination of Raman and quantum tunnelling in zero dc field, the latter being cancelled in the optimum non‐zero dc field. Our work represents the first study of magneto‐structural correlations within the trityl Ln‐SMMs, leading to generation of slowly relaxing zero‐field dysprosium complexes within the hydrogen‐bonded assemblies.
Techno‐Economic Comparison of Bio‐Cycling Processes for Mixed Plastic Waste Valorization
Authors: Reifsteck Rafael A. , Zhai Song , Gausmann Marcel , Ballerstedt Hendrik , Tiso Till , Blank Lars M. , Jupke Andreas
Published: July 2023

Mixed plastic waste is challenging for any recycling process. Here, an enzymatic recycling process is compared with a biotechnological upcycling process for valorizing mixed plastic waste constituted by PLA, PET, and PP. Both process routes are modeled in Aspen Plus, analyzed for bottlenecks, cost drivers, and sensitivity regarding enzymatic and microbial performance. While enzymatic recycling is only viable for uniform plastic feedstock, biotechnological upcycling operating at optimized process conditions reveals the potential to produce carbon‐neutral succinic acid from mixed plastic waste.
Probabilistic estimation for across‐batch compatibility enhancement for amyloid PET
Authors: Bilgel Murat
Published: July 2023

INTRODUCTION

It is necessary to accurately account for systematic differences due to variability in scanners, radiotracers, and acquisition protocols in multisite studies combining amyloid imaging data.

METHODS

We propose Probabilistic Estimation for Across‐batch Compatibility Enhancement (PEACE), a fully Bayesian multimodal extension of the widely used ComBat harmonization model, and we apply it to harmonize regional amyloid positron emission tomography data from two scanners.

RESULTS

Simulations show that PEACE recovers true harmonized values better than ComBat, even for unimodal data. PEACE harmonization of multiscanner regional amyloid imaging data yields results that agree better with longitudinal data compared to ComBat, without removing the known biological effects of age or apolipoprotein E genotype.

DISCUSSION

PEACE outperforms ComBat in both unimodal and bimodal contexts, is applicable to multisite amyloid imaging data, and holds promise for the harmonization of other neuroimaging data over ComBat.

HIGHLIGHTS

We introduce PEACE, a fully Bayesian multimodal extension of ComBat harmonization.

Simulations show that PEACE recovers true harmonized values better than ComBat.

PEACE accurately harmonizes multiscanner regional amyloid imaging data.
Oxidative C(sp3)−N Cleavage Cascade Cyclization of N‐Uracil Amidines and Tertiaryamines: Switchable Divergent Synthesis of Functionalized Pyrimidouracils and Dihydropyrimidouracils
Authors: Chen Longkun , Zhang Mingshuai , Liu Zhuoyuan , Liu Donghan , Sun Yulin , Wang Yongchao , Yu Fuchao
Published: July 2023

The divergent synthesis of dihydropyrimidouracil and pyrimidouracil derivatives from N‐uracil amidines and tertiaryamines by an oxidative C(sp3)−N cleavage cascade cyclization reaction is first described. This transformation enables the formation of new C(sp3)−N and C(sp2)−N bonds via the selection of different oxidation conditions. The features of this method include tunable product selectivity, excellent chemoselectivity, readily available starting materials, broad substrate scope, good tolerance of functional groups, and moderate to high yields.
Predicted Pharmacokinetic Interactions Between Hormonal Contraception and Single or Intermittently Dosed Rifampicin
Authors: Radtke Kendra K. , Hill Jeremy , Schoenmakers Anne , Mulder Christiaan , van der Grinten Emmy , Overbeek Floor , Salazar‐Austin Nicole , de Medeiros Cordeiro Nascimento Wilcare , van Brakel Wim , Weld Ethel
Published: July 2023

The scale‐up of rifampicin‐based prevention regimens is an essential part of the global leprosy strategy. Daily rifampicin may reduce the effectiveness of the oral contraceptive pill (OCP), but little is known about the effects of rifampicin at the less frequent dosing intervals used for leprosy prophylaxis. As many women of reproductive age rely on OCP for family planning, evaluating the interaction with less‐than‐daily rifampicin regimens would enhance the scalability and acceptability of leprosy prophylaxis. Using a semi‐mechanistic pharmacokinetic model of rifampicin induction, we simulated predicted changes in OCP clearance when coadministered with varying rifampicin dosing schedules. Rifampicin given as a single dose (600 or 1200 mg) or 600 mg every 4 weeks was not predicted to result in a clinically relevant interaction with OCP, defined as a >25% increase in clearance. Simulations of daily rifampicin were predicted to increase OCP clearance within the range of observed changes previously reported in the literature. Therefore, our findings suggest that OCP efficacy will be maintained when coadministered with rifampicin‐based leprosy prophylaxis regimens of 600 mg once, 1200 mg once, and 600 mg every 4 weeks. This work provides reassurance to stakeholders that leprosy prophylaxis can be used with OCP without any additional recommendations for contraception prevention.