bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Aspectos psicosociales y gestión de la evaluación en secundarias de alto y bajo logro
Authors: Rivera Morales Alicia
Published: May 2017

This article describes a segment of a broader study of mixed cut occurs. In this space only part of the qualitative analysis is recovered around the psychosocial aspects that influence the management of the evaluation results from the application of semi-structured interviews and focus groups with 80 senior secondary schools with high and low achievement located in four states of Mexico: Sonora, Durango, Mexico City and Oaxaca. The findings are presented from categories they consider the meaning, beliefs and expectations about evaluation and how these aspects influence the actions of the directors of the schools studied. Polarized cases allow, in their contrasts, identify processes and factors that mark the differences or similarities between them. Thus it was found that school principals low achievement hope to change the attitude of teachers towards the assessment, expect supervisors to monitor teachers and external support (specialists) that indicate how to evaluate them. Moreover, the idea that a school with high achievement is an organization that promotes the participation director, has high expectations of students and teachers, its management system and decision-making can achieve the objectives set, and reasserts Assessment proposes actions that seek continuous improvement.
PDMPO protocol and optional fixation steps for tracing newly deposited silica in plagiogrammacean auxospores and their progeny v1
Authors: Kaczmarska Irena , James M. Ehrman not provided
Published: May 2017

This protocol describes the tracing of newly deposited silica using PDMPO (2-(4-pyridyl)-5-((4-(2-dimethylaminoethylaminocarbamoyl)methoxy)phenyl)oxazole) in reproductive studies of diatoms.
Percursos da Literatura Portuguesa na Faculdade de Letras da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais
Authors: Duarte Lélia Parreira
Published: May 2017

Percurso histórico da disciplina “Literatura Portuguesa” na Faculdade de Letras da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais.
Teoremas
Authors: Arêas Vilma
Published: May 2017

Análise de dois livros publicados em 1979, A Casa de Vidro (Ivan Ângelo) e Operação Silêncio (Márcio Souza). Embora usando procedimentos estéticos diferentes, ambos têm a mesma intenção: compreender a História do Brasil e denunciar seus abusos, para que nada seja esquecido.
Os desastres de uma escritura em chamas
Authors: Bylaardt Cid Ottoni
Published: May 2017

Caminho como uma casa em chamas, de António Lobo Antunes, é um romance construído como um prédio de apartamentos, de onde emanam as narrativas que se sucedem no livro. Apesar da aparente organização formal, Antunes nos oferece um texto que se esquiva das noções tradicionais de trama romanesca. Os textos são independentes, ainda que dialoguem entre si pela proximidade dos enunciadores, e não se estruturam pela lógica conflito-clímax-desenlace. Este texto pretende mostrar como a narrativa contemporânea compõe suas tramas escriturais, sua escritura em chamas, que se faz de seus desastres, suas ruínas, suas perdas, numa ação negativa de eterna falta, de busca sem fim, de insuficiência da linguagem, de instabilidade do signo. O que chamamos experiência real, assim, é estruturada no romance com fraturas, envolta em chamas, e é aí, na paixão da arte, que a literatura impõe a indecidibilidade entre a ficção e a outra coisa que chamamos mundo. O suporte teórico deste ensaio inclui considerações de Maurice Blanchot, Giorgio Agamben, Jacques Derrida, Didi-Huberman, Emmanuel Levinas e Lélia Parreira Duarte.
Study on prevalence of hepatitis B in pregnant women and its effect on maternal and fetal outcome at tertiary care centre
Authors: Mishra Sunita , Purandre Priyali , Thakur Ratna , Agrawal Shweta , Alwani Madhuri
Published: May 2017

Background: Hepatitis-B is caused by double stranded DNA virus. Prevalence of hepatitis B in pregnant woman worldwide is 2.5 to 1.5% whereas in India it is 2 to 7.7%.Methods: This is a retrospective study conducted at SAMC and PGI, Indore between January 2016 to December 2016. Hepatitis- B prevalence and outcome was assessed by doing routine screening of hepatitis B antigen in our indoor patients and finding out their maternal and fetal outcome.Results: Total 3567 deliveries were conducted during study period, out of them 39 were diagnosed as HbsAg positive pregnant patient; so, prevalence was found to be 1.09%. out of these, 84.6% were booked cases, mode of delivery was vaginal in 66.67% cases, preterm Delivery was in 10.26% of cases, meconium stained liquor was found in 5.13% cases, maternal mortality was nil, perinatal mortality was found in 2.56% cases and 5.13% cases were admitted in NICU.Conclusions: Screening of all pregnant women for HbsAg irrespective of risk factors will definitely help to know the correct prevalence and reduce the transmission of hepatitis B infection. Hepatitis B is a major public health problem in India and will continue to be until appropriate nationwide vaccination programs and other control measures are established.
Prevalence of bacterial vaginosis in preterm and term labour: a one year study
Authors: Kiran Chembetei Kavitha , Kandati Jithendra , Ponugoti Munilakshmi
Published: May 2017

Background: Presence of intra uterine infections is one of the important risk factors for preterm labour. Bacterial vaginosis is one of the commonest genital infections during pregnancy and the prevalence ranges from 4 to 64% depending upon the racial, geographic factors. Most of the cases of bacterial vaginosis during pregnancy are asymptomatic and goes unrecognized. Some of the studies state that treatment of bacterial vaginosis is not associated with reduction in preterm birth rates among mothers with no history of preterm birth. The present was conducted to study the prevalence of bacterial vaginosis in women presenting with preterm labour and term labour and to analyze the causal relationship between bacterial vaginosis and preterm labour. The study also recorded the outcome of maternal and neonatal complications associated with bacterial vaginosisMethods: An observational study was conducted on 100 patients with preterm and term labour. Swabs were collected from all the patients and bacterial vaginosis was diagnosed based on Amsel’s criteria. Pearson’s chi-square test was used to demonstrate the difference between both groups with respect to various categorical data. Independent t- test was used to compare the mean maternal age and mean gestational age at admission in both the groups.Results: The mean maternal age of members in preterm labour was 25.60+4.295 and of term labour was 25.38 ± 4.01 years. Among preterm labour group only 14 cases were suggestive of bacterial vaginosis and 2 cases among 25 cases in labour group. The proportion of cases who were diagnosed as BV positive based on Amsel’s criteria were found more in preterm labour group than term labour group and was found statistically significant (p value = 0.001). Significantly more number of patients in preterm labour group demonstrated culture swab positivity with pathogenic organisms than in term labour group and was found statistically significant with p value=0.048.Conclusions: The present study clearly demonstrates significant association of preterm labour with bacterial vaginosis. Therefore, the screening for bacterial vaginosis as a routine during pregnancy and its prompt treatment may reduce the risk of preterm labour. This will also go a long way in the prevention of neonatal complications due to prematurity.
Respiratory morbidity in term neonates following elective caesarean section
Authors: Chunduri Sujatha , Avabrata Shreedhara
Published: May 2017

Background: Cesarean sections continue to increase day by day in both developed and developing countries. The chances of respiratory morbidity are more in babies born by C-section compared to normal deliveries due to absence of squeezing of lung during delivery and also absence of changes in maternal-fetal hormonal milieu. As gestation progresses lung maturation improves and less chances of respiratory morbidity. The objective of this study is to determine respiratory morbidity and to correlate weeks of gestation and respiratory morbidity in term neonates following elective C- section.Methods: The records of babies born by elective C-section in Father Muller Medical College Hospital between 1st June 2015 to 31st May 2016 were reviewed data entered in predesigned proforma and analyzed.Results: A total 324 babies were included in the study, of which 89, 123, 77 and 35 babies were born in 37th, 38th, 39th and >40 weeks of gestation. 28 babies had developed respiratory morbidity requiring NICU admission. 17.6% of babies born in 37th week, 5.6% of 38th week, 5.1% of 39th week and 2.8% of babies born >40weeks had developed respiratory illness. Type of morbidity varied from tachypnea (89.2%), grunt (75%), needing CPAP (7%), needing mechanical ventilation (3.5%).Conclusions: This study suggests that respiratory morbidity increases in elective C-sections and as gestation progresses the respiratory morbidity decreases.
DEgenes Hunter - A Flexible R Pipeline for Automated RNA-seq Studies in Organisms without Reference Genome
Authors: González Gayte Isabel , Bautista Moreno Rocío , Seoane Zonjic Pedro , Claros M. Gonzalo
Published: May 2017

Differential gene expression based on RNA-seq is widely used. Bioinformatics skills are required since no algorithm is appropriate for all experimental designs. Moreover, when working with organisms without reference genome, functional analysis is less than straightforward in most situations. DEgenes Hunter, an attempt to automate the process, is based on two independent scripts, one for differential expression and one for functional interpretation. Based on replicates, the R script decides which of the edgeR, DEseq2, NOISeq and limma algorithms are appropriate. It performs quality control calculations and provides the prevalent, most reliable, set of differentially expressed genes, and lists all other possible candidates for further functional interpretation. It also provides a combined P-value that allows differentially expressed genes ranking. It has been tested with synthetic and real-world datasets, showing in both cases ease of use and reliable results. With real data, DEgenes Hunter offers straightforward functional interpretation.
Exploiting Negative Sample Selection for Prioritizing Candidate Disease Genes
Authors: Frasca Marco , Malchiodi Dario
Published: May 2017

A major challenge in bio-medicine is finding the genetic causes of human diseases, and researchers are often faced with a large number of candidate genes. Gene prioritization methods provide a valuable support in guiding researchers to detect reliable candidate causative-genes for a disease under study. Indeed, such methods rank genes according to their association with a disease of interest. Actually, the majority of genetic disorders has few or none causative genes associated with them; this induces a high labeling unbalance in the corresponding ranking problems, thus linking the need of achieving reliable solutions to the adoption of imbalance-aware techniques. We propose the use of an expressly designed imbalance-aware methodology for prioritizing genes, which first rebalances the training set entries through a negative selection procedure, then applies a learning algorithm 'sensitive' to the misclassification of positive instances, to provide the gene ranking. The algorithm has a reduced time complexity, which makes feasible its application on large-sized datasets. The validation of this methodology proved its competitiveness with state-of-art techniques on a benchmark composed of 708 selected Medical Subject Headings diseases, and provided some putative novel gene-disease associations.
A study of Indonesian university students’ vocabulary mastery with vocabulary level test
Authors: Novianti Rully Raslina
Published: May 2017

In investigating learners’ vocabulary mastery, some researchers focused their studies on either receptive or productive vocabulary mastery. This study examines university students’ vocabulary knowledge in Indonesia by using the Vocabulary Level Test (VLT). It also compares the receptive vocabulary size of students who obtained extra hours of English instruction with those who had not. Furthermore, this study also identifies their strategies in enhancing their vocabulary mastery. The 2000-word frequency-band from the receptive version of the VLT and questionnaire are used for data collection. The results show that their receptive vocabulary scores are lower than 2000 words and no significant difference was found between the students who had extra hours of English instruction and those who had not. Then it can be stated that even after they had gained extra hours of English instruction, their average vocabulary knowledge was still lower than the 1000 estimated word level in the VLT.Keywords: vocabulary mastery, Vocabulary Level Test (VLT), English as a Foreign Language (EFL), undergraduate students
The effect of second life on speaking achievement
Authors: Guzel Serhat , Aydin Selami
Published: May 2017

The number of studies that focus on the impact of Second Life (SL) as a virtual language learning tool on speaking achievementsof EFL learners is quite limited. Thus, this paper aims to provide insight for SL’s effect on Turkish EFL learners’ speakingachievement levels. Forty-four EFL learners from Balikesir University participated in this experimental research. The participantswere divided into two groups as an experimental group of 20 learners and a control group consisting of 24 students. An interview grading their speaking performance was administered to both groups as pre-test and post-tests. While the control group participants took traditional speaking classes, the experimental group did the same speaking activities on SL. Considering the interview scores, results indicated that learners who used SL had a better performance than the ones who participated intraditional activities. Keywords: english as a foreign language, second life, speaking, achievement.
Periodontitis and Endothelial Dysfunction: Periodontal Clinical Parameters and Levels of Salivary Markers Interleukin‐1β, Tumor Necrosis Factor‐α, Matrix Metalloproteinase‐2, Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinases‐2 Complex, and Nitric Oxide
Authors: Moura Marcela Faria , Navarro Túlio Pinho , Silva Tarcília Aparecida , Cota Luís Otávio Miranda , Soares Dutra Oliveira Alcione Maria , Costa Fernando Oliveira
Published: May 2017

Background: Periodontitis has been associated with a greater risk for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ACD). Endothelial dysfunction (ED) is a parameter of early ACD, and its association with periodontitis has rarely been investigated to date. The objective of this study is to evaluate the association between periodontitis and ED by means of periodontal clinical parameters and salivary markers interleukin (IL)‐1β, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)‐α, nitric oxide (NO), and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)‐2 and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases (TIMP)‐2 complex.

Methods: Forty‐seven individuals were divided into two groups: 1) 24 individuals with chronic periodontitis (CP); and 2) 23 individuals without CP. Periodontal examinations of bleeding on probing (BOP), probing depth (PD), and clinical attachment level (CAL) were performed. ED was evaluated by means of flow‐mediated dilatation (FMD) of the brachial artery. Salivary concentrations of IL‐1β, TNF‐α, and MMP‐2/TIMP‐2 complex were assessed using enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay. NO determination was based on the reaction of Griess.

Results: Individuals with CP presented higher occurrence of ED than individuals without CP (P = 0.03 after reactive hyperemia; P = 0.05 after sublingual nitrate). A significant association among the production of MMP‐2/TIMP‐2 complex with the presence of CP (P = 0.008) and periodontal parameters PD, CAL, and BOP was identified. Concentration of salivary markers IL‐1β, TNF‐α, and NO was similar in individuals with and without CP. A significant positive correlation between NO and ED was also identified.

Conclusions: Periodontitis was positively associated with ED, expressed by a smaller percentage of FMD of the brachial artery and higher salivary levels of MMP‐2/TIMP‐2 complex. Additionally, salivary levels of NO were significantly associated with better functioning of the vascular endothelium.
ESTETIKA U FIHTEOVOJ FILOZOFIJI
Authors: RAJKOVIĆ MARICA
Published: May 2017

Predmet istraživanja je problematizacija estetike u Fihteovoj filozofiji. Proces te problematizacije  uključuje  ključne  estetičke  pojmove  najvažnijih  predstavnika  filozofije nemačkog idealizma, kao i Fihteov odnos prema toj temi. Problematizacija estetike u filozofiji nemačkog idealizma se u slučaju Fihtea mora fokusirati na tumačenje onog prećutanog, kao i na rasvetljavanje retkih eksplicitnih teza o estetici, umetnosti i lepom u Fihteovoj filozofiji.
ROMANTIZAM I ROMANTIČNA UMETNOST U HEGELOVOJ "ESTETICI"
Authors: VLAŠKI STANKO
Published: May 2017

Izlaganje se vodi pitanjem o prirodi odnosa između Hegelovog poimanja romantične forme umetnosti kao umetnosti hrišćanskog sveta i njegove kritike centralnih aspekata poetike nemačkog romantizma kao duhovnog kretanja kojem je Hegel bio  savremenik. Nakon poređenja Hegelovog i romantičarskog sagledavanja potrebe za umetnošću i osvrta na Hegelovu karakterizaciju romantične forme ideala, autor pokušava da ukaže na mogućnost da su osnovi poetike nemačkog romantizma, a pre svega romantičarska teorija ironije, za Hegela pojmljivi i kao hrišćanski i kao nedovoljno hrišćanski. Oni su hrišćanski utoliko što se u njima radikalizuje svest o granicama same umetničke forme, a nedovoljno hrišćanski zbog toga što poopštavaju ograničenost te forme i ne dopuštaju ono što za Hegela jeste više ozbiljenje duha.
Perspectiva usuaria de la Calidad en los Servicios de Salud del ISSEMyM
Authors: VILLAGARCIA TRUJILLO EUGENIA XIOMARA , Delgadillo Guzmán Leonor Guadalupe , Argüello Zepeda Francisco José , González Villanueva Leonor
Published: May 2017

Objetivo: Conocer la perspectiva de los derechohabientes con respecto a la calidad en el servicio de salud que brinda Instituto de Seguridad Social del Estado de México y Municipios (ISSEMyM). Material y Métodos: a través de un estudio descriptivo que contempla la aplicación de la ECALDER a 355 derechohabientes que cumplan al menos un año con el beneficio asistencial dentro de los 10 diferentes centros del Instituto. Resultados: Descriptivamente; la insatisfacción con la calidad de los servicios es reportada generalmente con puntajes bajos (Percentil 36.79) Por otra parte, el análisis correlacional arroja puntajes bastante significativos (p < 0.00) lo que indica la interrelación de las percepciones del trato con el personal, elaboración de trámites y confianza en la institución. Conclusiones: Factorialmente los aspectos de trámites y confianza en la institución son los mejores evaluados, seguidos de la interacción con el personal; correlacionalmente, la interacción con el personal de cualquier área influencia la percepción hacia otras, mientras que la confianza en la institución depende de la percepción del personal de enfermería y trámites.
ALTERNATIVAS DE CAMBIO LOCAL Y REGIONAL ANTE LA GLOBALIZACION DE UNA COMUNIDAD RURAL DE JALPA DE MÉNDEZ, TABASCO.
Authors: Rodríguez Luna Ana Rosa , López Hernández Eduardo S. , Álvarez Rivero Julio César , López Ricalde Carlos David
Published: May 2017

En los últimos años se ha venido manejando un nuevo paradigma que el cambio en la calidad de vida de la población. Estos Modelos de Desarrollo Sustentable persiguen una apropiación racional, mejor actitud hacia el ambiente y mejor manejo de las actividades productivas. En síntesis, se sigue la escuela que surgió desde el “Informe Bründtland” en 1987. Debemos tener cuidado de no caer es en un círculo vicioso, y buscar solo alternativas de solución viables socialmente. Es necesario considerar las dimensiones económicas y detenernos a filosofar acerca de las consecuencias no solo de la pérdida de biodiversidad, por ello debemos iniciar una educación básica que haga conocedora a la sociedad acerca del vivir y convivir con y bajo un criterio ecológico en las comunidades rurales y urbanas. Es urgente que se hagan acciones colectivas, ya sean públicas o privadas que promuevan la transición hacia la sostenibilidad. Estas situaciones están conduciendo a las poblaciones a condiciones inadecuadas de salud, ya que tienen grandes posibilidades de contaminarse, de reducir la capacidad de uso de suelos y por lo tanto las condiciones de calidad de vida también se han reducido a niveles alarmantes en algunas zonas de la tierra. La pregunta obligada es, ¿cuánto se ha logrado desde que las diversas reuniones mundiales han tratado el tema, para afrontar tales circunstancias?, ¿cómo se ha venido resolviendo el avance de la población sobre las áreas verdes de los estados?, ¿por qué no se aplican las leyes sobre deterioro e impacto ambiental a las grandes empresas que vacían sus residuos a los distintos ambientes en el planeta? El tipo de modelo educativo que debemos aplicar en contextos locales en el trópico húmedo como en nuestra labor en Jalpa de Méndez se viene formulando mediante un modelo crítico propio, basado en las prerrogativas de las personas, en la expectativa de ser educados y conducir el tránsito hacia el desarrollo de sociedades sustentable. Una condición esencial en nuestro modelo se basa en los métodos participativos, la equidad de género y el vencimiento de los obstáculos socio-ambientales.
Absenteeism study in a steel industry of São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil
Authors: Marote Isa Azevedo de Almeida , Queluz Dagmar de Paula
Published: May 2017

Aim: To identify the factors involved in absenteeism in a steel industry in the city of São Jose dos Campos, São Paulo, Brazil. Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out after obtaining permission from Institutional Ethics Committee in a steel industry. Worker's detailed information regarding absenteeism was obtained from the Health Department files, from January 2005 to December 2008. Specifical data were: sex, function, certificate type (medical or dental), the working sector, according to the Large Groups (LG) of Brazilian Classification of Occupations - 2002, working periods, duration of absenteeism (lost days), the main causes of absenteeism (International Classification of Diseases ICD-10). Results: A total of 570 workers were recorded. The majority of workers were males (97%), with medical certificate (97%), LG-7 workers in the production of industrial goods and services (62.09%), and operators of industrial machinery (68.3%) and the working period was Shift 4 - Monday to Friday from 8 am to 12 am and 1 pm to 5 pm (44.43 %). The total duration of absenteeism was 3,187 days, the main causes of diseases being problemas in the musculoskeletal system and connective tissue (18.48%), respiratory diseases (17.11%), injuries, poisoning and other external causes (11.24%), and diseases of the digestive tract (11.24%). Conclusions: It was concluded that there was under-reporting of absenteeism due to dental causes (41 events) during the study period. More studies in this field are required.
Parental age is related to the occurrence of cleft lip and palate in Brazilian populations
Authors: Carvalho Paulo Henrique Pimenta de , Machado Renato Assis , Reis Silvia Regina de Almeida , Martelli Daniella Reis Barbosa , Dias Verônica Oliveira , Martelli Júnior Hercílio
Published: May 2017

Aim: To evaluate the association of environmental risk factors, particularly paternal and maternal age, with gender and type of oral cleft in newborn with nonsyndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate (NSCL/P). Methods: This study included 1,346 children with NSCL/P of two Brazilian Services for treatment of craniofacial deformities. Parental ages were classified into the following groups: maternal age <35, 36-39, and ≥40 years; paternal age <39 and ≥40 years. The data was analyzed with chi-square test and multinomial logistic regression analysis. The odds ratios were estimated with a 95% confidence interval. Results: Of the 1,346 children included in this study, CLP was the type of NSCL/P with highest prevalence, followed by, respectively, CL and CP. There was a greater occurrence of NSCL/P in males compared to females (55.8% versus 44.2%). CLP was more common in men, while the CL and CP were more prevalent in women (p=0.000). No association between maternal age and clefts was observed (p=0.747). However, there was evidence of association between father’s aged ≥40 years old and NSCL/P (p=0.031). When patients with CP were analyzed separately, no association between the father’s age and the child’s gender (p=0.728) was observed, i.e. the female gender prevails among patients with CP, regardless of the father’s age. Conclusions: This study showed that there were differences in the distribution of the non-syndromic cleft lip and/or palate and the gender, and fathers aged ≥40 years old may have increased risk of oral cleft. Further studies involving different populations are needed for a better understanding of the effect of maternal and paternal ages as a risk factor for the occurrence of oral clefts.
Effect of referral for dental service on dental-service utilization by primary school children aged 8 to 11 years in Enugu, Nigeria
Authors: Onyejaka Nneka Kate , Folayan Morenike Oluwatoyin , Folaranmi Nkiruka
Published: May 2017

Aim: To determine how one dental education session and referral of study participants aged 8-11 years would affect utilization of oral-health care services. Methods: This descriptive prospective study recruited 1,406 pupils aged 8-11 years from randomly selected primary schools in Enugu metropolis. All pupils received one oral-health education and referral letters for treatment. Data were collected on the pupils’ socio-demographic profile, family structure, and history of oral-health care utilization in the 12 months preceding the study and within 12 months of receipt of referral letter. The effect of these factors as predictors of past and recent dental service utilization was determined using logistic regression. Results: Only 4.3% of the study participants had ever used oral-health services in the 12 months prior to the study. Within 12 months of issuing the referral letters, 9.0% of pupils used the oral-health services. Children from middle (AOR: 0.46; CI: 0.29-0.73; p=0.001) and low socioeconomic strata (AOR: 0.21; CI: 0.11-0.39; p<0.001) and those living with relatives/guardians (AOR: 0.08, CI: 0.01-0.56; p=0.01) were still less likely to have utilized oral-health services. Conclusions: Referral of children for oral-health care increased the number of children who utilized oral health care services.
Representation of Graph Structure Based on I-V Neutrosophic Sets
Authors: Akram Muhammad , Sitara Muzzamal
Published: May 2017

In this research article, we apply the concept of interval-valued neutrosophic sets to graph structures. We present the concept of interval-valued neutrosophic graph structures. We describe certain operations on interval-valued neutrosophic graph structures and elaborate them with appropriate examples. Further, we investigate some relevant properties of these operators. Moreover,we propose some open problems on interval-valued neutrosophic line graph structures.
Laboratory Testing of a MEMS Sensor System for In-Situ Monitoring of the Engineered Barrier in a Geological Disposal Facility
Authors: Yang Wenbin , Lunn Rebecca J. , Tarantino Alessandro , El Mountassir Gráinne
Published: May 2017

Geological disposal facilities for radioactive waste pose significant challenges for robust monitoring of environmental conditions within the engineered barriers that surround the waste canister. Temperatures are elevated, due to the presence of heat generating waste, relative humidity varies from 20% to 100%, and swelling pressures within the bentonite barrier can typically be 2-10 MPa. Here, we test the robustness of a bespoke design MEMS sensor-based monitoring system, which we encapsulate in polyurethane resin. We place the sensor within an oedometer cell and show that despite a rise in swelling pressure to 2 MPa, our relative humidity (RH) measurements are unaffected. We then test the sensing system against a traditional RH sensor, using saturated bentonite with a range of RH values between 50% and 100%. Measurements differ, on average, by 2.87% RH, and are particularly far apart for values of RH greater than 98%. However, bespoke calibration of the MEMS sensing system using saturated solutions of known RH, reduces the measurement difference to an average of 1.97% RH, greatly increasing the accuracy for RH values close to 100%.
What it Require to Become an Accounting Partner?
Insights from Lived Experiences of Accounting Partners in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
Authors: Sobhi Waked Sami , Bin Md Yusof Mohd. Atef
Published: May 2017

This qualitative study aims at identifying the essence of personal experiences of accounting partners in Saudi Arabia. For this phenomenology approach employs to understand the lived experience of accounting partners and how would such experience affect their career. It mainly aims to explore the different experiences of fifteen (15) Saudi partners working in various accounting companies in Saudi Arabia. The interviews conducted to explore the most important challenges and difficulties for accountants to become a partner, and the most important job skills that the partners must have. This study found that there is urgent need for a number of things, including the required number of years of experience to become a partner, and to make sure that the partners are having the right education and professionally qualified. In addition, other different skills that the partner must have include responsible leadership, professional communication, good marketing skills and excellent command of English. Moreover, this research is vital for the concerned parties to identify the current challenges in the accounting profession in Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
Neurophysiological Changes Induced by Chronic Toxoplasma gondii Infection
Authors: Tedford Ellen , McConkey Glenn
Published: May 2017

Although the parasite Toxoplasma gondii is one of the most pervasive neurotropic pathogens in the world, the host-parasite interactions during CNS infection and consequences of neurological infection are just beginning to be unraveled. The chronic stages of infection have been considered dormant, although several studies have found correlations of infection with an array of host behavioral changes. These may facilitate parasite transmission and impact neurological diseases. During infection, in addition to the presence of the parasites within neurons, host-mediated neuroimmune and hormonal responses to infection are also present. T. gondii induces numerous changes to host neurons during infection and globally alters host neurological signaling pathways, as discussed in this review. Understanding the neurophysiological changes in the host brain is imperative to understanding the parasitic mechanisms and to delineate the effects of this single-celled parasite on health and its contribution to neurological disease.
Diaphyseal Tibial Soft-Tissue Mass After Total Knee Arthroplasty
Authors: Sabeh Karim , Carter Aaron , Rosenberg Andrew E. , Robinson Raymond
Published: May 2017

Case:

A 64-year-old woman had undergone bilateral total knee arthroplasty in 1998. In 2010, she presented with a large, painless, diaphyseal soft-tissue mass of the lower leg. She indicated that she had no history of knee pain, trauma, or infection. Ultimately, the mass was found to be a synovial fluid-filled cyst that communicated with the knee joint, which was a result of severe osteolysis.

Conclusion:

Large diaphyseal tibial masses in the presence of total knee arthroplasty should raise a high index of suspicion not only for tumors and infections, but also for severe osteolysis. Knowledge of the various ways that osteolysis can present as well as an appropriate workup will help to guide diagnosis and management.
Arthroscopic Repair of Subscapularis Tendon Tears
Authors: Plath Johannes E. , Henderson Daniel J.H. , Coquay Julien , Dück Klaus , Lafosse Laurent
Published: May 2017

The subscapularis is the largest and strongest muscle of the rotator cuff, and it plays an essential role in global shoulder function. Beyond its primary function as an internal rotator, the subscapularis also acts to pull the humeral head posteriorly on the glenoid and is an important dynamic and static anterior stabilizer of the glenohumeral joint. In comparison with tears of the tendons of the rest of the rotator cuff, isolated tears of the subscapularis have a tendency for both early retraction and fatty infiltration. Consequently, full-thickness tears of the subscapularis tendon generally require surgical management.

Arthroscopic suture-anchor repair allows anatomic reconstruction of the anterior aspect of the rotator cuff, with all of the benefits of arthroscopic surgery. The principal steps of this procedure include (1) verifying the subscapularis tear and identifying any concomitant lesions during diagnostic arthroscopy, (2) exposing the subscapularis tendon, (3) releasing tendon adhesions and so enabling anatomic reduction, (4) placing suture anchors at the anatomic subscapularis footprint on the lesser tuberosity and anatomically repairing the subscapularis tendon to its anatomic insertion, and (5) performing biceps tenodesis or tenotomy, if indicated. Postoperatively, patients with an isolated subscapularis tear are managed with immobilization in a sling for 6 weeks, while those with combined anterosuperior rotator cuff tears are managed with an abduction pillow.

Arthroscopic subscapularis reconstruction provides a good structural repair, substantially restores shoulder mobility and strength, reduces pain, and results in high levels of patient satisfaction and return of shoulder function as measured by functional outcome scores.
تأثير وسائل التعليميّة في تعليم المفردات باستخدام الأفلام
Authors: سراج محمد خبير
Published: May 2017

كنت المفرات عنصر من عناصر اللغة العربية بحيث يتضمّن عليها المعاني واستخدام الكلمات في اللغة من المتكلم نفسه أو من الكاتب. والشخص سنزيد له مهارته في اللغة إذا ازداد مفرداته لأّنكفاءة مهارة لغة الشخص متوقف علي المفردات التي استوعب عليها.إّنتعليم المفردات يحتاج الي الوسائل التعليمّيةلمساعدة الطلاب فيإستيعابها, الوسائل التعليميّة اللغوية احتياج هام لابّدأن يستعملها المعلّم في تسهيل تعليم اللغة الأجنببيّة.كان تعليم اللغة العربيّة في الماضي يستخدم الوسائل التعليميّة البسيطة لمساعدة المعلّم في استخدام مواد الدراسة مثل السبورة و اللوحة والصورة الثابتة.وكان التعليم يطلب من الوسائل التعليميّة والتكنولوجيّة المختلفة و في مختلف مناهج التعليم المدارس في الإبتدائيّة و المتوسطة حتي الثانويّة. ومن بعض الوسائل التعليميّة في تعليم المفردات هي تعليم المفردات باستخدام الأفلام, الذي تعلّم المفردات بمشاهدةالأفلامالعربيّة
Herbicides Increase Emission of Ammonia by Pearl Millet and Congo Grass
Authors: Pacheco L. C. P. S. , Damin V. , Pelosi A. P. , Ferreira K. R. S. , Trivelin P. C. O.
Published: May 2017

Core Ideas

Post‐emergent herbicides application increase the emission of ammonia by cover crops.

Post‐emergent herbicides application on congo grass decrease the total N in the residues.

Glyphosate application on congo grass or pearl millet strongly reduces the total‐N content in the straw.

In previous works, we demonstrated that some herbicides could increase N losses from the soil–plant system under greenhouse conditions, but the N‐output pathways were not investigated. In this context, the aim of this work was to evaluate ammonia (NH3) emission by soil and plants and the total‐N accumulation in the straw following herbicide application to pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum) and congo grass (Urochloa ruziziensis). Two field experiments were conducted in a randomized block, with a factorial design and eight replicates per treatment. The treatments were: 1‐control: without herbicide application, 2‐ glyphosate, 3‐glufosinate‐ammonium, and 4‐paraquat. Periodic measurements of NH3 emission by plants or soil at 48‐h intervals were considered as repeated measurements. At the end of the experiment, the dry mass, ammonium (NH4+) in both plant tissues and soil, and total N in shoots were measured. All evaluated herbicides increased emission of NH3 by pearl millet and congo grass with net losses ranging from 1.5 to 7.0 kg ha−1 of NH3 after herbicide application, but soil NH3 emission was not affected. In congo grass, all herbicides reduced total N and dry mass content in plant tissues, but only the glyphosate herbicide reduced it in pearl millet. Herbicide usage increases emission of ammonia by plants and can decrease the total‐N accumulation in cover crop straw. Further research should be done to investigate how these ammonia losses and changes in total N from aboveground biomass affect crop production as well as the recommended N fertilizer application rates.
Effects of Vegetative Cool‐Season Grasses on Forage Removal by Dairy Heifers
Authors: Billman Eric D. , Goff Ben M. , Baldwin Brian S. , Prince Kelly , Phillips Tim D.
Published: May 2017

Core Ideas

Grazing of vegetative swards results in forage removal trends contradictory to established paradigms.

Neutral detergent fiber, and water soluble carbohydrates did not impact forage removal in ways established by studies done on grass with varying maturity.

Conclude that species differences rather than cultivars drive forage removal in dairy cattle.

Identification of forage grasses that are more readily consumed than others during grazing is vital to determining traits that can be used by plant breeders to increase animal intake and digestibility. Producers can benefit from the identification of what species and cultivars are more readily consumed; thus increasing animal production. The objectives were to: (i) determine forage removal by dairy cattle of several species and cultivars of cool‐season forage grasses: orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata L.; eight cultivars), tall fescue [Schedonorus arundinaceus (Schreb.) Dumort; five cultivars], perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.; five cultivars), and festulolium [ × Festulolium braunii (K. Richt.) A. Camus; six cultivars]; and (ii) determine if forage nutritive value is correlated with forage removal by animals on vegetative pasture. Forage removal for species varied among seasons; orchardgrass and festulolium were consumed more in spring, while orchardgrass and tall fescue were consumed more in the summer, and species did not affect removal in the fall. Forage removal varied among cultivars. However, when comparing forage removal against neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF), crude protein (CP), in vitro true digestibility (IVTD), water soluble carbohydrates (WSC), pre‐grazing herbage mass, sward height, and dry matter concentration, correlations did not adhere to the paradigm of fiber fraction being negatively correlated and nutrient components being positively correlated to forage removal. This indicated that other factors impact forage removal when animals graze completely vegetative swards.
Accelerating Silphium Domestication: An Opportunity to Develop New Crop Ideotypes and Breeding Strategies Informed by Multiple Disciplines
Authors: Van Tassel David L. , Albrecht Kenneth A. , Bever James D. , Boe Arvid A. , Brandvain Yaniv , Crews Timothy E. , Gansberger Markus , Gerstberger Pedro , González‐Paleo Luciana , Hulke Brent S. , Kane Nolan C. , Johnson Paul J. , Pestsova Elena G. , Picasso Risso Valentín D. , Prasifka Jarrad R. , Ravetta Damian A. , Schlautman Brandon , Sheaffer Craig C. , Smith Kevin P. , Speranza Pablo R. , Turner M. Kathryn , Vilela Alejandra E. , von Gehren Philipp , Wever Christian
Published: May 2017

Silphium perfoliatum L. (cup plant, silphie) and S. integrifolium Michx. (rosinweed, silflower) are in the same subfamily and tribe as sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.). Silphium perfoliatum has been grown in many countries as a forage or bioenergy crop with forage quality approaching that of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) and biomass yield close to maize (Zea mays L.) in some environments. Silphium integrifolium has large seeds with taste and oil quality similar to traditional oilseed sunflower. Silphium species are all long‐lived, diploid perennials. Crops from this genus could improve the yield stability, soil, and biodiversity of agricultural landscapes because, in their wild state, they are deep rooted and support a wide diversity of pollinators. In contrast with premodern domestication, de novo domestication should be intentional and scientific. We have the luxury and obligation at this moment in history to expand the domestication ideotype from food and energy production to include (i) crop‐driven ecosystem services important for sustainability, (ii) genetic diversity to enable breeding progress for centuries, (iii) natural adaptations and microbiome associations conferring resource use efficiency and stress tolerance, and (iv) improving domestication theory itself by monitoring genetic and ecophysiological changes from predomestication baselines. Achieving these goals rapidly will require the use of next‐generation sequencing for marker development and an international, interdisciplinary team committed to collaboration and strategic planning.
Chinese Sesame Cultivars, DNA Fingerprinting, and Two‐dimensional Barcodes Using Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms, Insertions or Deletions, and Simple Sequence Repeat Markers
Authors: Wei Libin , Miao Hongmei , Xu Fangfang , Kong Jingjing , Zhang Haiyang
Published: May 2017

Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) is one of the most important oilseed crops. Accurate and efficient means to identify each variety of sesame are needed for improvement of the sesame production market. In this study, three kinds of molecular markers were used for DNA fingerprinting of 151 sesame cultivars released in China since 1960: single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), insertions or deletions (InDels), and simple sequence repeats (SSRs). The 140 polymorphic markers used (47 SNPs, 47 InDels, and 46 SSRs) revealed a narrow range of genetic variation among the 151 Chinese sesame cultivars. Clustering analysis classified them into three main groups, which were consistent with the cultivars’ geographical distribution. Three of the 151 cultivars (AH03, AH04, and AH05 from the Anhui Province) were considered synonymous cultivars because of their high genetic similarity coefficients ( > 98%). Overall, 15 SNPs, 14 InDels, and 9 SSRs were sufficient to distinguish all sesame cultivars and the DNA fingerprints generated from these markers allowed establishing two‐dimensional graphical barcodes to accurately and rapidly identify sesame cultivars. Thus, we have provided a useful protocol for the identification and authentication of various sesame cultivars and revealed the usefulness of SNPs, InDels, and SSRs in cultivar identification and intellectual property protection; the fingerprinting codes obtained for the 151 sesame cultivars should be useful in sesame breeding and marketing seed.
Crude Oil Effects on Redox Status of Salt Marsh Soil in Louisiana
Authors: Levine B.M. , White J.R. , DeLaune R.D. , Maiti K.
Published: May 2017

Core Ideas

Crude oil did not lower redox status of wetland soil.

Crude oil delayed return to aerobic threshold after draining.

Oil in marsh soil can depress redox during low water events.

In 2010, the Deepwater Horizon (DWH) oil spill triggered extensive research on crude oil impacts on flora and fauna of the Gulf of Mexico. Little research has investigated impact of spilled oil on redox condition of wetland soil. Redox condition is an excellent proxy for oxygen levels, which control biogeochemical functions linked to valuable ecosystem services. The goal of this study was to quantify effects of crude oil on wetland soil redox conditions in cores collected from a salt marsh in Barataria Bay, LA. Treatments tested were nonoiled control, weathered crude oil at the soil surface, fresh crude oil at the soil surface, and a layer of buried weathered crude oil 5 cm beneath the soil surface to mimic the presence of buried oil found in marshes. No significant differences in redox potentials were detected among treatments at any depth at the end of the 35‐d flooded, anaerobic study. After drainage of the cores began, redox was measured to the time to reach the aerobic threshold (+300 mV) within the rhizosphere. Mean redox values for control cores reached +300 mV after 193 h. Both fresh and weathered crude oil surface treatments reached +300 mV after 316 h while the buried crude oil treatment reached the aerobic threshold after 370 h. These results suggest the presence and location of crude oil in the soil profile can impact soil redox conditions which could alter biogeochemical processes over the long term and induce oxygen stress on wetland vegetation and organisms in the soil.
Principal Component Analysis of the Spatiotemporal Pattern of Soil Moisture and Apparent Electrical Conductivity
Authors: Martini Edoardo , Wollschläger Ute , Musolff Andreas , Werban Ulrike , Zacharias Steffen
Published: May 2017

Core Ideas

PCA identified patterns within collocated time‐lapse measurements of θ and ECa.

The factors controlling the observed spatial patterns of θ and ECa were quantified.

Results demonstrate the nonstationary control of the spatial pattern of θ and ECa.

Characterizing the spatial and temporal patterns of soil properties and states such as soil moisture (θ) remains an important challenge in environmental monitoring. At the Schäfertal hillslope site, the spatial patterns of θ measured by a distributed monitoring network and those of apparent electrical conductivity (ECa) measured by electromagnetic induction were characterized based on an integrated monitoring approach, and their possible controlling factors were investigated. With this study, we aimed to quantify the factors controlling the observed spatial patterns of θ and ECa and their interrelation. A principal component analysis was used to identify patterns within a data set comprising θ measured on seven dates within one hydrological year at 40 locations (three depths each) and ECa extracted from spatial maps for the same positions and dates. The first three independent principal components were all important for characterizing the spatial organization of topsoil moisture and its temporal changes. The dominant pattern responded to time‐invariant soil attributes such as spatial soil properties and terrain attributes and could explain the spatial organization of ECa only on four of the seven measurement dates. The second and third principal components described the spatial reorganization of the patterns in response to θ dynamics within the soil profile and water removal processes, respectively, and showed distinct time‐varying effects on the spatial pattern of θ and ECa. Our results can help with designing field monitoring campaigns and improving modeling approaches by providing insights into the nonstationary control of static and dynamic attributes on the spatial pattern of θ and ECa.
Reflexividad dialógica, como experiencia de epistemes sentipensantes y solidarias
Authors: Ghiso Alfredo Manuel
Published: May 2017

Desarrollar prácticas de construcción de conocimientos desde una episteme solidaria – emancipadora requiere de opciones éticas, políticas y epistemológicas explícitas; este desafío, en el contexto inhabilitante e inmovilizante en el que vivimos, exige altas dosis de convivencialidad, imaginación, creatividad y coraje porque tenemos que estar preparados para superar muchas frustraciones y curar las tristezas y desesperanzas, que sufrimos a diario y que nos debilitan y enferman.