bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparative study to evaluate efficacy and safety of topical alcaftadine 0.25% versus topical olopatadine 0.2% eye drops in patients with allergic conjunctivitis in a tertiary care teaching hospital, Haldwani
Authors: Rajdan Neeraj , Srivastava Bhavana , Titiyal Govind Singh , Shujauddin  , Kapri Shailja
Published: January 2025

Background: Ocular component is the most prominent and disabling feature of allergy leading to symptoms like itching and watering of eyes causing significant irritation. Allergic conjunctivitis (AC) is one of the most common ocular conditions affecting adult and pediatric patients that requires treatment by ophthalmologists. AC and its debilitating symptoms like itching, watering of eyes and ropy discharge have interfered their day to day activities, difficulty in concentrating in work and has adversely affect the quality of life. Aim and objectives were to study and compare the efficacy and safety profile of topical alcaftadine versus topical o lopatadine eye drops in patient with AC. To compare efficacy of topical alcaftadine versus topical olopatadine eye drops, to observe adverse drug reaction of both eye drops.
Methods: A prospective, open labelled comparative hospital based study was conducted in the department of ophthalmology in collaboration with department of pharmacology GMC Haldwani, Uttarakhand. Patients with AC (n=120) were randomised into two groups: Alcaftadine 0.25% eye drop and olopatadine 0.2% eye drop once daily. Patients were assessed on the first day 2nd week and 4th week. Reduction in total severity score and efficacy was measured in both treatment groups. Safety was assessed by observing adverse drug reaction using WHO UMC Causality assessment scale and modified Hartwig Siegel’s severity scale.
Results: A trend in significant improvement in patients treated with alcaftadine eye drop in comparison to patients treated with olopatadine eye drop at both second week and fourth week follow up. No adverse effects were reported with either eye drops in both groups.
Conclusions: Alcaftadine eye drop showed higher efficacy than olopatadine eye drop in relieving signs and symptoms of AC. Both treatment groups were found to be safe and effective.
Frequency and management of non pain symptoms, in cancer patients receiving palliative care: a prospective, observational and cross-sectional study in a tertiary care institute
Authors: Kichloo Asra , Choudhary Shabnam
Published: January 2025

Background: Cancer is the second most common cause of death caused by non-communicable diseases around the world, causing serious stress in both patients and caregivers including physical, psychological, social, and economic problems. Advanced cancer patients often experience a range of debilitating non-pain symptoms that significantly impact their quality of life. These symptoms can be due to the disease itself or the side effects of treatment. Effective management of these symptoms is crucial for palliative care (PC). The main aim of this study was to identify the frequency and management strategies of common non-pain symptoms in patients with cancer admitted to the oncology ward and inpatient PC patients, receiving PC.
Methods: A prospective, observational study was conducted involving 100 patients, admitted to the oncology ward and inpatient PC patients, receiving PC. Structured interviews and questionnaires were used to collect data on non-pain symptoms experienced. The frequency of symptoms was analyzed using specific statistical methods and the effectiveness of various management approaches was evaluated.
Results: The majority of the admitted patients were poly-symptomatic. The two most prevalent non-pain symptoms reported were lack of appetite (52%) and fatigue (51%) followed by nausea and vomiting, insomnia, constipation, shortness of breath, and anxiety. Ondansetron is the most common antiemetic and hydrocortisone is the most common steroid prescribed in the study population.
Conclusions: In the findings of our survey significant prevalence of non-pain symptoms among cancer patients was seen, with fairly controlled symptoms after the management. This emphasizes the need for a comprehensive assessment of symptoms and routine monitoring of symptom management strategies in cancer patients.
Incidence of left ventricular diastolic dysfunction in patients with subclinical hypothyroidism
Authors: Kapri Vineet , R. Harshitha , Kumar V. Shreyas
Published: January 2025

Background: Subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) is a common endocrine disorder categorized by increased serum thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels with normal free thyroxine (FT4) levels. The study determined the prevalence of LVDD in females aged 20 to 50 years with SCH and to explore the relationship between serum TSH levels and left ventricular diastolic dysfunction (LVDD).
Methods: One hundred female participants aged 20 to 50 years with SCH were included in this study conducted between September 2014 to October 2015. All participants underwent 2D echocardiography to assess diastolic function. Data were collected on age, serum FT3, FT4, TSH levels, and echocardiographic parameters. Statistical analysis was achieved using SPSS.
Results: The study found that 34% of the participants had LVDD. The prevalence of LVDD was significantly higher in the 36-50 age group (45.8%) compared to the 20-35 age group (23.1%). A considerable correlation was observed between elevated serum TSH levels (8-10 µU/l) and the prevalence of LVDD (47.1%) compared to lower TSH levels (5-7 µU/l) (22.2%). Echocardiographic findings showed significantly lower E/A ratios and increased left atrial volume indices in participants with LVDD (p<0.001).
Conclusions: The study demonstrated a substantial incidence of LVDD among females with SCH, particularly in older participants and those with higher TSH levels. These findings suggest that advancing age and elevated TSH levels are important risk factors for LVDD in this population. Regular cardiac assessments and monitoring of thyroid function are recommended for females with SCH, especially those in older age groups or with elevated TSH levels, to prevent the progression to overt cardiovascular disease.
Advances in minimally invasive surgical techniques for the management of enterocutaneous fistula: a systematic review of clinical and postoperative outcomes
Authors: Lopez Jorge Eduardo Maldonado , Ponce Alfonso Joan Massé , Sánchez Andrea Yissel Franco , Miranda Dario Javier Caguate , Alava Ronny Ricardo Olalla , Silva Alexander David , Moreno José Daniel Nuñez , Hernández Katherine Sandoval
Published: January 2025

We aim to explore advancements in minimally invasive surgical techniques (MIS) through a systematic review for managing enterocutaneous fistulas (ECFs) from 2019 to 2023 focusing on clinical and postoperative outcomes to identify gaps and future directions in treatment strategies. We followed the PRISMA guidelines and systematic reviewed the literature from three databases namely PubMed, Scopus, and the Cochrane library in the steps described here. Papers were screened according to previously set following focus and clinical and postoperative MIS methods applied in ECF treatment. Surgical techniques evaluated included: laparoscopic, robotic assisted and a combination of the two termed hybrid approach. Both data extraction and synthesis were done based on Covidence software to maintain transparency and rigor. Of 112 papers initially identified, 30 papers were included in the analysis. Relevant research established that the adoption of the minimally invasive techniques like robotic and laparoscopic surgeries increases enhanced clinical results which outcome includes less morbidity, the number of days of hospital stay, and complications. Most of the announced procedures, such as vacuum-assisted closure (VAC) and extracellular matrix plug placement, demonstrated feasibility in selected cases. Interventions’ variability and the lack of high-quality evidence for some approaches suggest that replication should remain standardized. We conclude that advances in MIS have demonstrated improved outcomes for ECF management and are offering less invasive options with better recovery profiles.
Study of growth and development in children with recurrent wheezing
Authors: Amin Kunalkumar M. , Suman Chandankumar
Published: January 2025

Background: Recurrent wheezing in early childhood may impact growth and development, yet comprehensive data on these associations remains limited. Objectives were to evaluate growth and developmental patterns in children with recurrent wheezing over a 12-month period.
Methods: This prospective observational study included 150 children aged 6 months to 5 years with recurrent wheezing treated at GMERS Godhra. Anthropometric measurements, developmental screening, and wheezing severity assessment were performed at regular intervals. Growth parameters were analyzed using WHO standards, and development was assessed using the Denver developmental screening test II (DDST II).
Results: Of 150 enrolled children (mean age 28.4±14.2 months), 142 completed follow up. Children with severe wheezing showed significantly lower growth velocity (7.1±1.4 cm/year) compared to mild wheezing (8.2±1.8 cm/year, p=0.028). Multiple regression analysis revealed significant associations between growth velocity and wheezing frequency (β=-0.284, p=0.001), ICS use (β=-0.186, p=0.008), and nutritional status (β=0.226, p=0.002). Developmental assessment showed normal progression in 85.9-90.1% across domains, with language delays being most prevalent (9.9%).
Conclusions: Recurrent wheezing severity significantly impacts growth velocity in young children, while most maintain normal development. Regular monitoring of growth and development is essential in this population.
Monocyte/lymphocyte ratio and neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio in HIV/AIDS patients with pulmonary opportunistic infections in Wangaya general hospital: a descriptive study
Authors: Riadi Putu Risma Y. , Suryana Ketut
Published: January 2025

Background: Pulmonary tuberculosis and Pneumocytis carinii pneumonia (PCP) are the most common pulmonary opportunistic infection in Human Immunodeficiency Virus/Aquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (HIV/AIDS) patient. MLR and NLR in the context of pulmonary opportunistic infections has shown its potential in predicting risk and determining better prevention and therapy strategies. The aim of this study is to know the overview of MLR and NLR in HIV/AIDS patients with pulmonary opportunistic infections.
Methods: This is a descriptive hospital-based study conducted at Wangaya Regional General Hospital. Details including age, gender, pulmonary opportunistic infection (divided to TB, PCP, and mixed cases), monocytes count (%), neutrophils count (%), lymphocytes count (%), MLR and NLR as the variables in this study. Samples collected in this study were 103 patients.
Results: Opportunistic pulmonary infections are more common in male than female and most in the 31-40year old category. Cases of pulmonary TB are most common pulmonary opportunistic infections. MLR and NLR were calculated according to pulmonary OIs. The highest MLR value was found in mixed pulmonary opportunistic infection cases while the highest NLR value was found in mixed OIs cases.
Conclusions: Overall, MLR and NLR also shown higher value than the normal limit. Early overview of MLR and NLR in patients with pulmonary opportunistic infection can help better comprehensive treatment.
RETRATO ESTILHAÇADO
Authors: Roberto de Carvalho Barbosa Paulo
Published: January 2025

José Sette de Barros é um realizador independente, ligado à geração de cineastas pós-Cinema Novo. Seus filmes são repletos de referências à história e à literatura brasileiras, articulando-se segundo montagens fragmentárias, pouco fiéis a roteiros. Três de suas películas dos anos 1970 e 1980 refletem a situação vivida pela sociedade brasileira naquelas décadas, atônita com os desdobramentos do regime militar. Este artigo percorre esses filmes para analisar como seu discurso narrativo reverbera o contexto histórico dos anos da ditadura, compondo um retrato estilhaçado do país sob o regime de exceção.
PERPETRAÇÕES E IMPLICAÇÕES NA “ZONA CINZENTA"
Authors: Torres Bueno Samuel
Published: January 2025

O objetivo do artigo é apresentar algumas das questões candentes relativas ao chamado “giro ao perpetrador”. Trata-se de uma área de pesquisa emergente que pode ser sintetizada em dois aspectos. O primeiro refere-se aos muitos modos pelos quais os perpetradores (entendidos sob uma acepção ampla) podem ser representados, especialmente no cinema documental. O segundo concerne à exploração das “zonas cinzentas” nos termos de Primo Levi (2004) e daquilo que Michael Rothberg (2019) denominou “implicação”. Por fim, embora esses agentes da violência sejam comumente caracterizados como monstros afastados, sugerimos que essa acepção serve mais à encarnação do mal em “grandes vilões” do que uma postura crítica e autocrítica por parte das sociedades.
OS “EXCLUÍDOS DA CULTURA”:
Authors: Braz Andressa , De Rezende Vergara Moema
Published: January 2025

Esta pesquisa investigou a visão institucional dos funcionários terceirizados nas práticas de divulgação científica do Museu de Astronomia e Ciências Afins (MAST). A partir da categoria de outsider within, de Patricia Hill Collins, debatemos como esses trabalhadores são tornados invisíveis nos espaços de trabalho pela natureza de suas funções e pelas relações sociais que produzem exclusões e hierarquia. Ao observar uma prática de divulgação científica não inclusiva, vemos nisto um reforço do processo de invisibilidade encontrado no MAST. Ressaltamos, contudo, que isso não inibe a produção de sentidos e significados próprios sobre o museu por parte desses trabalhadores, revelando diferentes perspectivas sobre a instituição e como ela é enxergada em sua dimensão científica e social.
“O LOBO EM PELE DE CORDEIRO E O LOBO EM PELE DE LOBO”:
Authors: Costa Marcolan Letícia
Published: January 2025

O objetivo deste artigo é comparar os estilos de gestão de Antônio Soares Calçada e Eurico Miranda à frente do Club de Regatas Vasco da Gama. A pesquisa baseia-se na análise de fontes periódicas, como os jornais O Globo, Jornal dos Sports e a revista Placar, além de entrevistas de história oral com atores-chave. Os resultados indicam que o reforço da imagem de Eurico como líder combativo, em contraposição à figura conciliadora de Calçada, facilitou sua ascensão política. Isso porque, em termos teórico-metodológicos, sugere-se que existe uma ligação entre a identidade clubística e a atuação dos dirigentes esportivos. No caso do Vasco, a identidade de resistência predomina, justificando a ênfase de Eurico em seu lado confrontador.
PAPEL DAS MULHERES DA UPA/FNLA NA LUTA ANTICOLONIAL EM ANGOLA
Authors: Vicente Nsambu Baptista
Published: January 2025

Este artigo esboço biográfico com enfoque na militância política de Luzia Macungo, uma figura emblemática da UPA/FNLA e da Associação da Mulher Angolana (AMA) na clandestinidade e da luta de libertação nacional de Angola. Pretendemos divulgar a sua experiência singular, destacando o seu contributo no contexto da luta de libertação nacional. Nesse contexto, a escolha do tópico decorre da escassez de estudos a versar sobre as mulheres desse movimento. Metodologicamente baseamo-nos em fontes orais e documentais. Os resultados indicam que, apesar da participação ativa dessa mulher na luta anticolonial, o seu papel ainda não é reconhecido na historiografia e na História oficial de Angola.
DE ENGRAXATE A ATOR PROTAGONISTA DE CENTRAL DO BRASIL
Authors: Machado Ana Carolina
Published: January 2025

O artigo trata sobre a trajetória de Vinícius de Oliveira, ator brasileiro que iniciou sua carreira artística interpretando o personagem Josué, em Central do Brasil. Seu objetivo é analisar a memória sobre o filme e o impacto dele em sua vida. O texto concentra atenção especial ao trabalho de memória de Vinícius de Oliveira sobre si, na intenção de compreender a maneira como, ao construir-se autobiográficamente, o ator produz significados à sua trajetória em torno de Central do Brasil. O texto repousa sob o argumento de que ter participado como um dos protagonistas do filme possibilitou que Vinícius de Oliveira pudesse redefinir sua trajetória de vida, pois foi através dessa experiência que o menino de doze anos que vivia com a família no Complexo da Maré, no Rio de Janeiro, deixou de ser um engraxate para tornar-se ator. Trata-se de uma abordagem sobre a memória das artes cênicas no Brasil.
CLEMENTINA DE JESUS
Authors: Silva Míriam , Castro Gustavo de
Published: January 2025

Este artigo propõe uma leitura compreensiva das narrativas sobre Clementina de Jesus (1901-1987), sob a hipótese da pessoa-poesia como um complexo centro catalisador e irradiador de saberes. Mediante o cotejo de suas biografias, perfis, crônicas, documentários e materiais de arquivo, entendemos o estudo biográfico como processo de mediação e aprendizagem da experiência, devido à sua natureza narrativa e pedagógica. As considerações apontam para a construção de um perfil que sugere, a partir da vida de Clementina de Jesus, um aprendizado do diálogo com as diferenças.
MEMÓRIAS DE UM ETNÓLOGO AMAZÔNIDA
Authors: Corrêa Diniz João Vitor , Da Silva Batista Iane Maria , Gomes Cândido Gilberto
Published: January 2025

Edson Soares Diniz foi um etnólogo indigenista amazônida, que atuou na UniversidadeEstadual Paulista Júlio Mesquista Filho (UNESP) e no Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi (MPEG), estudando grupos indígenas na linha de fricção étnica, contribuindo para os estudos em antropologia brasileira e amazônica. Ao longo de sua trajetória pessoal produziu “memórias de si” registradas e evidenciadas pelo seu acervo pessoal, no qual este artigo apresenta aspectos biográficos de sua vida e obra. Os documentos conectam sua trajetória individual à memória coletiva, ao incluir registros de instituições em que atuou e/ou estudou, da interlocução com colegas etnólogos e materiais relacionados a seus objetos de pesquisa. Evidencia-se, que ao “arquivar” sua vida, produziu registros de si, mas, também, memórias da ciência antropológica na Amazônia brasileira.
ENSAIO SOBRE A ESCRITA DE SI NAS CORRESPONDÊNCIAS DE ADEMAR VIDAL
Authors: Marques Maria Joedna Rodrigues , Carlos de Souza Andrade Joel
Published: January 2025

Este ensaio tem como proposta analisar a escrita de si através das correspondências enviadas pelo intelectual paraibano Ademar Vidal ao intelectual Luís da Câmara Cascudo. Consideramos esse tipo de fonte como possibilidade para analisar também perspectivas biográficas, visto que, evidenciam nuances pessoais segundo a percepção do eu. Para isso, utilizamos um conjunto de epístolas, localizadas no Instituto Câmara Cascudo (Ludovicus). Tendo como data inicial de envio na década de 1940, destacamos as cartas remetidas nas décadas de 1970 e 1980, período de forte reflexão e rememoração, pois o intelectual paraibano encontrava-se idoso. A partir dos relatos vidalianos, podemos observar interações intelectuais, colaboração em projetos e o reconhecimento mútuo desses indivíduos dentro da esfera intelectual, sendo também aprofundados os laços afetivos, por meio da partilha de experiências, sentimentos e confissões. Em termos teórico-metodológico partimos das contribuições feitas por Malatian (2009), Bezerra, Silva (2010) e Foucault (2000). Palavras-chave: Escrita de si, Ademar Vidal, Epístolas, Biografia, Paraíba.
DISCUTINDO NAÇÃO E GÊNERO A PARTIR DE FADWA TUQAN
Authors: Ferreira de Figueiredo Carolina
Published: January 2025

Este artigo visa investigar a trajetória da poetisa palestina Fadwa Tuqan a partir de sua autobiografia, Rihla Jabaliyya, Rihla Sa'ba, publicada em árabe em 1985, a fim de discutir as transformações do território e da população palestina no século XX. Tuqan cresceu na Palestina em meio ao cenário de ocupação colonial britânica e da presença do movimento sionista, processo que culminou na criação do Estado de Israel, em 1948. Assim, busca-se analisar de que forma Tuqan constrói sua história pessoal em seus escritos, atentando-se para suas reflexões sobre aspectos sociais, políticos e culturais da realidade da Palestina, focalizando em suas impressões sobre gênero, política e nação. Partindo desta publicação, e dos debates no cenário intelectual e historiográfico, busca-se aprofundar sobre as implicações das questões de gênero na formação nacional, atravessadas pela luta por libertação da Palestina.
Palavras-chave: Fadwa Tuqan, Palestina, Nação, Gênero, Autobiografia.
RELAÇÕES DE GÊNERO NO CAMPO DE CONCENTRAÇÃO DE RAVENSBRÜCK
Authors: Matos Jadeane
Published: January 2025

O presente artigo possui como objetivo analisar a autobiografia de Selma Van de Perre, uma mulher judia, combatente do movimento de resistência holandês, sobrevivente do campo de concentração feminino de Ravensbrück e vítima da violência do Regime nazista perpetrada contra mulheres. Partindo de noções e conceitos sobre a autobiografia, pretende-se propor uma compreensão sobre o gênero e destacar as possibilidades do campo narrativo para as mulheres. Pretende-se utilizar a autobiografia para um estudo de caso da experiência de gênero no campo de concentração de Ravensbrück, considerado um campo que possui registros reduzidos, dentre as fontes de conhecimento que elucidam sua existência estão as autobiografias e testemunhos. O estudo versa sobre as relações de gênero no campo de concentração, além de destacar a violência de gênero como questão.
Concepto y nacionalidad del laudo
Authors: Cuberos Felipe
Published: January 2025

Dada la extraordinaria precariedad existente en los distintos ordenamientos en cuanto a la noción de laudo y a su caracterización como nacional o extranjero, resulta al menos pertinente preguntarse si, de algún modo, existe algún tipo de consenso internacional en torno a estos conceptos, y sin son ellos en alguna medida relevantes para el cabal entendimiento de la institución arbitral en el mundo de hoy. En efecto, viendo que la justicia arbitral es cada vez más cercana a la vida de los negocios y que por tanto, el elemento "laudo" está cada vez más presente en la definición de relaciones jurídicas, y considerando además que estamos en un entorno globalizado donde es cada día más frecuente que haya pronunciamientos emitidos en un lugar geográfico o bajo una determinada legislación pero que, a su turno, estén llamados a ejecutarse en otras latitudes, parece prudente definir, o por lo menos, tratar de entender qué es lo que hace que un "laudo" sea laudo, y qué elementos, desde la perspectiva de la teoría jurídica, permiten establecer su nacionalidad para, a partir de ello, derivar los efectos que en derecho correspondan.
ESPECIALIDAD Y PREVALENCIA DE LA LEY ARBITRAL SOBRE LAS NORMAS DE DERECHO PROCESAL COMÚN
Authors: Salvador Crespo Íñigo
Published: January 2025

Abordaremos en este ensayo la naturaleza especial de las normas que regulan el procedimiento arbitral en relación a las normas procesales comunes y los efectos que de dicha especialidad se derivan.
Para hacerlo, debemos empezar por definir en qué exactamente consiste la especialidad de una norma y cuáles son las consecuencias de dicha naturaleza.
COMMUNICATION SKILLS WITH PATIENTS IN CLINICAL PRACTICE AMONG MEDICAL STUDENTS IN THE MEKONG DELTA REGION, VIETNAM
Authors: Thao Ngo Phuong , Anh Bui Thi Van , Anh Nguyen Thi Thanh , De Tran Van , Tho Pham Kieu Anh
Published: January 2025

This study aimed to assess the communication skills with patients in clinical practice among medical students from the 4th to 6th year at Can Tho University of Medicine and Pharmacy and Tra Vinh University. The study aimed to evaluate the communication skills with patients in clinical practice of medical students from year 4 to year 6 at Can Tho University of Medicine and Pharmacy and Tra Vinh University, and to find out the factors affecting the learning and practice of this skill. A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted with 606 medical students, using a quantitative approach through a structured questionnaire to assess six patient communication skills. The questions were divided into 49 items, measuring from basic understanding to the ability to practice independently and confidently on a 5-point scale. Medical students in the Mekong Delta region demonstrated high levels of proficiency in patient communication skills, especially in creating a comfortable and respectful communication environment for patients (mean score = 4.27). However, summarizing and synthesizing information was the weakest skill (mean score = 3.94). Final-year students outperformed fourth-year students, and female students demonstrated better skills than male students in the five communication elements. In-depth studies revealed barriers such as limited time in patient interactions and difficulty in providing feedback.
A Study on the Process of Separation between Chundogyo and Ilchinhoe in 1906
Authors:   HUFS Institute of History and Culture, Kim JongJun
Published: January 2025

In modern Korean history, the segregation of Chundogyo and Ilchinhoe, or the action of Chundogyo's segregation of the Ilchinhoe members in September 1906, has been known as an example of the pro-Japanese behavior of the Ilchinhoe and the innocence of Chundogyo. The proposition that is premised on this perception is that Ilchinhoe was consistently a pro-Japanese trading organization and Chundogyo is a modernized national religion. However, it seems necessary to reconsider the separation of Chundogyo and Ilchinhoe, as there have been recent issues that the civil rights movement waged by the Ilchinhoe should be reevaluated. New questions have arisen, such as how Chundogyo and Ilchinhoe were able to work together, how the forces of Chundogyo and Ilchinhoe were able to combine and separate the two, what the perceptions of the contemporary and later generations were, and whether different hypotheses could not be established about the separation process of the two if the thoughts of the people involved were examined.
In order to solve the above questions, this paper compared the hierarchical foundations of the leading forces of Chundogyo and Ilchinhoe. Chundogyo and Ilchinhoe not only shared political orientation and civilization theory, but also overlapped with the leading force and the hierarchical characteristics of the support base. Son Byung-hee and Lee Yong-gu, that is, Chundogyo and Ilchinhoe, are all common in that they tried to acquire political power by accepting various needs of the public. In the situation of the time, this was bound to be accompanied by dependence on foreign powers and opposition from vested interests. It can be said that Ilchinhoe pushed ahead 'nevertheless', and Chundogyo took a step back.
In this separation process, it was confirmed that Oh Se-chang, the enlightened knowledge, played an important role. In fact, for Oh Se-chang, tradition, nation, and modernity were not all abstract and vague ideologies. In other words, there was no reason to cling to the theory of justification for studying abroad, and there was no reason to lean on the theory of Western civilization. For him, wasn't tradition and nation the spirit of ancestors contained in paintings alienated from the process of modernization? In the chaotic reality where foreign shocks and conflicts of foreign ideologies are rampant, his unideologicalized national consciousness sometimes provided an excuse for power struggles or power grabs. Ilchinhoe, which was reduced to a pro-Japanese traitorous organization while promoting reforms centered on the middle and lower classes, and Chundogyo, which insulated from Ilchinhoe and pursued a modern national religion, but eventually walked the path of decline, are also objects that were depreciated amid the confusion of modern and contemporary Korean history. This is why it is necessary to reevaluate them.
A Study on Manuscript Copies of Danguitongnyak
Authors:   HUFS Institute of History and Culture, Yoon Minkyung
Published: January 2025

Since its creation by Lee Geon-chang before 1890, and before its first printed edition by the JoseonGwangmunhoe in 1912, the manuscript copies of Danguitongryak can be broadly classified into three categories.
First, there are the family-transmitted manuscripts (Gajeonbon), which originated from Lee Geon-chang’s household. These include the copy owned by Lee Gyeom-joo, Professor Emeritus at Ulsan University, the copy held in the Yonsei University Korean Studies Archive, and the copy preserved at Korea University's Classical Chinese Records Archive (Hanjeoksil). Among these, the manuscript owned by Professor Lee Gyeom-joo is presumed to be the closest to Lee Geon-chang’s original manuscript in terms of content.
Second, there are the manuscripts circulated among acquaintances within the same political faction (Soron). These include copies held by the Kyujanggak Institute for Korean Studies at Seoul National University and by bibliographer Kim Young-bok.
Third, there are manuscripts associated with the 1912 publication efforts of the JoseonGwangmunhoe. This category includes the precious copy (guijungbon) in the Yonsei University Korean Studies Archive, which is believed to have served as the basis for publication. The family-transmitted manuscript housed in Korea University's Classical Chinese Records Archive (Hanjeoksil) also shows signs of editorial work, which suggests it could also be classified under this third category.
In summary, a comprehensive analysis of the Danguitongryak manuscripts reveals that the work was not widely read during the late Joseon period. Given the political sensitivities of the text—rooted in the Soron’s Factional discourse—it was almost impossible for such a work to be openly and widely read in a political climate where Noron’s factional doctrine was nationally endorsed and remained unchallenged from the mid-18th century through the late 19th century. Therefore, from its completion by Lee Geon-chang in the late 19th century to its printed publication by the JoseonGwangmunhoe in the early 20th century, Danguitongryak circulated in a highly restricted manner, confined to Lee Geon-chang’s household and a very limited circle of acquaintances within the Soron faction.
The Korean Provisional Government in Shanghai and Prince Ui-chin: Focusing on the provision “favoring the former royal family” and Prince Ui-chin's exile to Shanghai
Authors:   HUFS Institute of History and Culture, Ban Byung Yool
Published: January 2025

Prince Ui-chin(Yi Gang) was a figure positively regarded among Koreans for his strong anti-Japanese sentiment and potential to play a central role in the independence movement. In November 1919, the Daedongdan(Union of Great Unity), an anti-Japanese independence organization, initiated a plan for the prince to escape the country to Shanghai in China. However, this plan ultimately failed, leading to the arrest of key figures like Jeon Hyeop, which resulted in the organizational collapse of the Daedongdan.
The plan for Prince Ui-chin's exile to Shanghai can be seen as having been pursued with the support and cooperation of the Korean Provisional Government in Shanghai. During discussions about whether to include provision “favoring the former royal family” in the “Provisional Charter(Imsi Heonjang)”(April 11, 1919) and the “Provisional Constitution(Imsi Heonbeop)”(September 11, 1919), it is likely that officials of the Provisional Government shared a friendly stance toward royal family members. In this context, there was a shared recognition among members of the Provisional Government that attracting royalty, nobility, and former high-ranking officials would enhance the domestic and international standing of the government.
At that time, officials of the Provisional Government and the Provisional Assembly were divided on the issue of the “favoring the former royal family” provision; however, they ultimately agreed to include it. The exile of Prince Ui-chin occurred in an atmosphere where a friendly attitude towards the former royal family was already shared among key figures in the Shanghai Provisional Government.
The Japanese colonial authorities sought to distort Prince Ui-chin's anti-Japanese intentions and minimize the significance of the exile incident through its own media and diplomacy. However, the National Assembly of the Provisional Government decided to translate and publicize the prince's “personal letter(chinseo)” to promote it both domestically and internationally. The Dongnip Sinmun(Independence), reported on the exile multiple times, greatly highlighting the incident. In particular, the Independence, through an interview with Gim Ga-jin, the chairman of the Daedongdan and a close associate of the prince who had already fled to Shanghai on Octorber 30, 1919, exposed the fabrications of the Japanese side and revealed Prince Ui-chin's true anti-Japanese consciousness and intention to seek exile.
The Failed Summit: 1954 Rhee Syngman’s visit to US and Early ROK-U.S. Alliance
Authors:   HUFS Institute of History and Culture, Song Jaegyoung
Published: January 2025

Syngman Rhee's 1954 visit to the United States marked the first Korea-U.S. summit and provided an opportunity to discuss key issues in the bilateral relationship, including Korean unification, U.S. aid, and the ratification of the U.S.-Korea Mutual Defense Treaty. The aim was to bridge the divide between the two nations following the Korean War armistice and foster a trusting relationship to solidify the alliance. The United States invited Rhee to enhance his political standing and sought a compromise between the two sides. However, the summit yielded few tangible results beyond a vague joint statement, and the U.S. subsequently adopted a strategy of imposing the agreed minutes on South Korea.
This study attributes the failure of the summit to the differing perspectives of Rhee and the U.S. on containment strategy and the ROK-U.S. alliance. Rhee believed that the U.S. containment strategy should be more militaristic, advocating for a preemptive strike against the communist bloc. He also sought to position South Korea as the frontline state in the U.S.-led alliance. To this end, Rhee secretly plotted with Chiang Kai-shek to involve the Republic of China in a potential conflict on the Korean Peninsula. Despite failing to persuade the U.S. leadership, Rhee continued to advocate for a U.S.-China war in speeches before the U.S. Congress and in major cities.
Following the failed summit, the U.S. shifted to a take-it-or-leave-it approach, demanding South Korea's acceptance of the agreed minutes, delaying of Mutual Defense Treaty and aid packages as leverage.
Ultimately, Rhee's visit contributed to the formation of a ROK-U.S. alliance that lacked a strong foundation of mutual trust. Moreover, the summit failed to address pressing issues. The subsequent alliance was less about shared interests and more about U.S. dominance.
Two-sided Ways to Remember Gungye and His Dynasty in Joseon
Authors:   HUFS Institute of History and Culture, Hong Changwoo
Published: January 2025

This article is an attempt to examine the context and aspects of the Joseon dynasty’s memory of Gungye and his dynasty, focusing on the duality of indifference and interest. Joseon was a period that was quite separated in time from the Later Three Kingdoms. Basically, it is a time when there are remarkably few opportunities to take interest in the history of the Later Three Kingdoms.
Nevertheless, they were mentioned quite frequently during the Joseon Dynasty. However, a closer look at the way in which they were mentioned revealed that they were mostly a mediocre repetition of existing factual information. Above all, it was confirmed that the logic of the Neo-Confucian criticism followed the previous negative evaluation. This was regarded as a result of ‘indifference’ in a paradoxical context.
Interest in them was rather active in the private sector. Those who actively used history to show off their family lineage noted that Gungye was from the royal family of Silla. And they seem to have shown a strong interest in the aspect that Gungye was the founder and monarch of a country. This appealing explanation that their ancestors were part of a royal family with a long history soon led to Gungye being called by some families.
Along with the gap in time, Gungye and his dynasty were freed from the Goryeo name, and thus received a more colorful perception in the Joseon Dynasty.
Beyond Genes: The Social Dimensions of Inborn Errors of Immunity
Authors: Karimzadeh-Soureshjani Elaheh , Pourhasan Farab , Simab Pouria Ahmadi , Saeedi-Boroujeni Ali
Published: January 2025

nborn errors of immunity (IEIs) necessitate a well-funded healthcare system and substantial financial resources for diagnosis and treatment. More than that, these diseases and socioeconomic status are inversely related. Immune deficiencies are better managed by those with higher socioeconomic position, but the emotional and financial tolls of living with a compromised immune system can be devastating for patients and their families, causing them to struggle financially for years to come. For a long time, the patient and people close to her are impacted by these conditions. Conversely, the national healthcare system and patients' socioeconomic situation determine the likelihood of early diagnosis and successful treatment. Development of the immune system throughout infancy is really crucial. Fetal development is regulated by maternal nutrition, psychological stress, the mother's mental health, and supporting social networks. The immune system develops from conception and matures during neonatal and early childhood. Effective IEI management and therapy require genetic and social factors to interact. Geneticists, immunologists, healthcare providers, and politicians must collaborate to address IEIs. Insufficient resources for complete newborn screening and genetic testing for all patients make treating the increased incidence of autosomal recessive and genetic diseases in MENA problematic. Primary immunodeficiency treatments including stem cell transplantation and gene therapy are limited in Latin America and Africa. Parental comprehension, awareness, and attitudes of PID genetic testing depend on service accessibility, familial history, and individual circumstances. Patients resist genetic therapy due to financial constraints, notably the high cost of genetic testing. Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) may treat nonmalignant lymphohematopoietic diseases, myeloid and lymphoid malignancies, immunological deficits, genetic disorders, and inborn metabolic problems. Improving PID outcomes requires correcting these discrepancies. This review aims to underscore the critical need for heightened awareness and improved diagnostic methods for IEIs by analyzing the interplay between genetic factors and societal influences.
Global Trends in Studies on the Presence of Demodex spp. in Patients Diagnosed with Blepharitis
Authors: Yildiz Rahmi , Afşar Milad , Elasan Sadi
Published: January 2025

Background: The main objective of this study is to review publications on the presence of Demodex spp. in patients diagnosed with blepharitis worldwide and to analyse the trends and groups in this field.
Methods: This bibliometric study was conducted to detect the presence of Demodex spp. in patients diagnosed with blepharitis worldwide between 1984 and 2023. For this purpose, 288 studies were examined as a result of searches us­ing the keywords "Blepharitis and Demodex" in Web of Science (WOS) databases. All text data was analysed using VOSviewer software to ensure accuracy and reliability. In this study, analysis using text mining and data visualization techniques (bubble maps and graphs) helped to make the results more understandable.
Results: This study provided information on 288 articles from WOS databases. The average total number of citations is 1305 and the H-index is 41. The majority of articles (63%) were published in the field of ophthalmology. The countries that published the most articles on this topic were the USA (24%), China (13%), and Turkey (11%).
Conclusion: This study is the first bibliometric study of patients diagnosed with blepharitis due to Demodex spp. The most used keyword in blepharitis is Demodex. The most studied field of research is ophthalmology and the most studied country is the United States of America. The results of this bibliometric analysis conducted by us reveal global trends in the presence of Demodex spp. in patients diagnosed with blepharitis and provide important information for future direc­tions of research.
The Influence of Inclusive Hiring Policies on Workplace Culture is Evident in Puntland’s Public and Private Sectors
Authors: Shire Ubah Mohamed
Published: January 2025

The impact of inclusive hiring practices on workplace culture in Puntland's public and private sectors is examined in this study. In order to promote an equal workplace, Puntland's institutions have started using inclusive recruitment practices as businesses around the world place a higher priority on diversity and equity. The research emphasizes the formation of cooperation, respect, and innovation among increasingly diverse teams, highlighting the significant change in workplace dynamics. The results of an analysis of how these rules affect employee diversity, corporate culture, and general employee happiness show that inclusive recruiting improves social cohesiveness in the area in addition to improving organizational performance. The study highlights the promise of inclusive hiring as a strategic workforce development method, despite ongoing hurdles like structural barriers and deeply ingrained cultural norms. According to the findings, removing these barriers is crucial to creating inclusive workplaces where all workers may succeed and improve Puntland's socioeconomic situation.
Analysis of Students' Reading Difficulties of SDN Bangsa Negara East Oku in Thematic Learning
Authors: Dewi Sri Enggar Kencana , Hidayat Sukron , Pertiwi Ratih Purnama , Hasanah Nur
Published: January 2025

This study aims to describe the difficulty of learning to read on the learning outcomes of students at SDN Bangsa Negara East OKU regarding the Health Is Important Theme in the Sub-theme of My Healthy Blood Circulation. This study uses a qualitative approach. The subjects of this study were the fifth-grade teachers and students at the SDN Bangsa Negara East OKU. Data was obtained by observation, interviews, field notes, and documentation. Data analysis techniques include data reduction, data display, and verification. The validity of the data was obtained through technical triangulation. The results of this study indicate that there are still many students who have reading difficulties. The problem of reading difficulties in SDN Bangsa Negara is also related to the lack of supporting facilities for learning, the inaccessibility of learning, material problems, motivation problems, concentration problems, learning problems when the children are not ready for the learning process or refuse to learn, so the teacher's efforts in this regard are by providing additional hours and use of varied and interesting media, paying attention to student development, motivating students who have reading difficulty in class to learn, always training and trying to learn to read for students who are still lacking fluency.
Classroom Management in Creating Effective Learning in MIS Al-Ashriyah Banjarmasin
Authors: Rahmawati Laili , Sholeh Makherus
Published: January 2025

This study aims to describe classroom management in creating effective learning including the planning of classroom management, the implementation of classroom management, and the supervision of classroom management at MIS Al-Ashriyah. The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative, data collection using observation and interviews. The results of this study indicate that planning of classroom management is carried out by making learning implementation plans, preparing the necessary learning media, and always establishing good communication with parents and guardians of students. The implementation of management is carried out with the expertise of the teacher in the classroom, starting from the attitude of the teacher who is calm, friendly, and smiling, always greeting and greeting when entering the class. At the beginning of each lesson, always pray together and recite the Qur'an which is led directly by the teacher, then the teacher makes the class atmosphere comfortable and safe, followed by student arrangements starting from checking student attendance lists, picket class cleanliness, as well as assessing and appreciating students. Learning support facilities are also provided, such as a reading corner, the provision of plastic folders used to store a collection of assignments and grades, and a drawer where learning tools are stored, managing the implementation of learning by compiling based on student circumstances, delivering easy-to-understand material, while supervision is carried out by class teachers and principals which is carried out continuously or continuously.
Analysis of Mathematics Learning Difficulties in V Graders of Elementary School of Fraction Material in Terms of Students' Cognitive Level
Authors: Puspitasari Putri , Nugraheni Aninditya Sri , Mulyani Mulyani
Published: January 2025

This study aims to analyze the difficulties in learning mathematics in V graders of elementary school in terms of students' cognitive level. This study uses qualitative methods which took class V as subjects based on the classification of high subjects, medium subjects and low subjects. The data taken through learning outcomes, interviews and documentation. The results in this research can be concluded that (1) high subjects (AA) and (NF) do not meet all indicators of difficulty, this is evidenced that high subjects (AA) and (NF) don’t have any difficulty in understanding concepts, principles or formulas and in solving fraction problems. (2) Medium subjects (LU) and (YL) did not meet the two indicators of difficulty. It can be seen they don’t have any difficulty in understanding concepts and applying fractional principles, but they have problems in solving fractional problems in the form of stories. (3) Low subjects (MN) and (BA) fulfill all indicators of difficulty in learning mathematics fraction material by experiencing difficulties in understanding fraction concepts, fraction principles and solving fraction problems. Teachers can implement fun learning if they recognize students' characters and learning styles, use appropriate media or teaching materials, start and end learning with something interesting and fun.
Implementation of Environmental Education in Improving The Environmental Ethics of Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Students To Support SDGs 2030
Authors: Annur Aan Fadia , Sari Ratna , Musa Muhammad Maskur
Published: January 2025

Madrasah Ibtidaiyah (MI) as an educational institution has an important and strategic role in implementing environmental education for its students so that it can improve students' environmental ethics as a form of support for the SDGs 2030. The purpose of this research is to describe the concept and implementation of environmental education in MI and its support for SDGs 2030. This study is qualitative, with field research being conducted in two MI, namely MI NU Rowolaku and MIN Pekalongan. Data obtained by using the methods of observation, interviews, and documentation The data obtained was then analyzed using Miles and Huberman's qualitative analysis method, which included data collection, data reduction, data presentation, and verification or drawing conclusions. The results showed that MI NU Rowolaku, which has not yet received the status of an adiwiyata school, already has a simple concept of environmental education, but its implementation is good enough so that its carrying capacity for sustainable development goals is classified as moderate. Meanwhile, MIN Pekalongan, which already holds the title of Adiwiyata school, has a clear and measurable concept of environmental education and excellent implementation, so that it has the carrying capacity for sustainable development goals in the high category.