bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pandemia COVID-19: wielopłaszczyznowość problemu dostępu do szczepionek i innych produktów leczniczych na tle filozofii prawa własności intelektualnej
Authors: Barczewski Maciej , Sykuna Sebastian
Published: December 2020

Wyizolowanie i scharakteryzowanie pełnej sekwencji genetycznej koronawirusa zespołu ostrej niewydolności oddechowej przyczyniło się do zainicjowania ogólnoświatowej debaty na temat zakresu i warunków dostępu do szczepionek i innych produktów leczniczych służących walce z pandemią COVID-19. W naszej ocenie problem dostępności przyszłej szczepionki przeciwko chorobie koronawirusowej i związana z nim dalsza dyskusja stanowią egzemplifikację teorii trudnych przypadków. Z jej perspektywy zasadniczym przyczynkiem do wspomnianej debaty pozostaje zachowanie swoistej homeostazy między prawem do ochrony interesów wynikających z działalności intelektualnej a prawem do ochrony zdrowia. Poszukując instrumentów mogących przysłużyć się zapobieganiu nadużyciom praw własności intelektualnej, nie sposób bowiem nie odwołać się do treści instrumentów kształtujących międzynarodowy system ochrony praw człowieka. Rozprzestrzenienie się pandemii COVID-19 oraz związana z tym potrzeba zapewnienia odpowiednich produktów leczniczych milionom zakażonych sprawiły, że uzasadniona wydaje się teza o potrzebie uznania prawa dostępu do produktów leczniczych za jedną z podstawowych kategorii praw człowieka. Chociaż obowiązek realizacji wspomnianego prawa spoczywa zasadniczo na państwach, mają one obowiązek podjęcia w tym celu współpracy międzynarodowej. Odpowiedzialność w zakresie zapewnienia dostępu do produktów leczniczych spoczywa jednak nie tylko na rządach poszczególnych państw, lecz także na korporacjach transnarodowych jako członkach społeczności międzynarodowej.
Molestowanie seksualne i jego koszty finansowe dla gospodarki
Authors: Kalinowska-Sufinowicz Baha
Published: December 2020

Głównym celem artykułu jest próba rozważenia molestowania seksualnego jako złożonego i interdyscyplinarnego zjawiska występującego na rynku pracy w sferze pracy i płacy w ujęciu ekonomicznym. Zakres przestrzenny badań obejmuje Polskę z odniesieniem do Chin, Wielkiej Brytanii, Szwecji i USA. Zakres czasowy prowadzonych rozważań odnosi się do lat 2007–2018. Hipoteza przyjęta w opracowaniu brzmi następująco: molestowanie seksualne w miejscu pracy przyczynia się do powstawania mierzalnych kosztów o charakterze finansowym, których ograniczenie mogłoby realnie przyczynić się do osiągania wyższego poziomu produktu krajowego brutto. W artykule w pierwszej kolejności przedstawiono istotę i formy molestowania seksualnego oraz wpływu tego zjawiska na możliwość występowania innych rodzajów dyskryminacji ekonomicznej. Następnie dokonano analizy dostępnych wyników badań na temat zakresu, skutków ekonomicznych i determinant rozważanego zjawiska w Polsce, w Chinach i USA. Następnie przedstawiono metody dedukcyjne i indukcyjne pomiaru kosztów finansowych analizowanego zjawiska w Wielkiej Brytanii, Szwecji i USA, a także podjęto próbę oszacowania kosztów finansowych molestowania seksualnego dla Polski dla 2018 r.
Uchwała Nr 9/2020 Komitetu Nauk Prawnych Polskiej Akademii Nauk z dnia 15 października 2020 r. w sprawie nagannych praktyk przy sporządzaniu wykazu wydawnictw naukowych
Authors: Polskiej Akademii Nauk Komitetu Nauk Prawnych
Published: December 2020

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Kompetencje zawodowe sędziów a instytucjonalizacja partycypacji społecznej w wymiarze sprawiedliwości
Authors: Żak Mariola
Published: December 2020

Celem niniejszego artykułu jest określenie relacji między kompetencjami zawodowymi sędziów a rozwojem instytucji partycypacji obywatelskiej i publicznych praw podmiotowych trzeciej generacji o charakterze pozytywno-partycypacyjnym. Artykuł podzielono na dwie części. W pierwszej części zostaną scharakteryzowane elementy tzw. „triady” kompetencyjnej sędziego w celu wykazania, że refleksyjne kształtowanie kompetencji stanowi warunek konieczny pełnego uczestniczenia we współczesnej praktyce prawniczej i rozwijania ideału wspólnoty inkluzyjnej. W drugiej części artykułu podjęto próbę weryfikacji tezy, że instytucje demokracji partycypacyjnej tworzą optymalne warunki dla wykorzystania kompetencji sędziowskich w procesach upełnomocnienia obywateli. Perspektywa kompetencji została najszerzej recypowana na gruncie teorii demokracji deliberatywnej. Dlatego filozoficznoprawnego uzasadnienia związku między kompetencjami zawodowymi prawników a ideą partycypacji społecznej należy poszukiwać na gruncie teorii dyskursu.
Kilka refleksji na temat stanu cywilistycznej aparatury pojęciowej używanej w dyskursie o podmiotowości prawnej
Authors: Szczepaniak Rafał
Published: December 2020

Przedmiotem analiz autora jest pięć pojęć prawnych: osoba fizyczna, osoba prawa, ułomna osoba prawna, fiskus (Skarb Państwa) oraz osoba prawna prawa publicznego. Pomimo że termin „osoba fizyczna” jest powszechnie używany, autor opowiada się za usunięciem tego pojęcia z przepisów prawa, ponieważ pojęcie to jest reliktem skrajnej postaci jurysprudencji pojęciowej będącej wykwitem skrajnej postaci pozytywizmu prawniczego, poza tym nie koresponduje ono ze współczesnymi trendami zmierzającymi do konstytucjonalizacji prawa cywilnego, a zwłaszcza że współczesnymi koncepcjami praw człowieka. Autor zwraca uwagę, że pojęcie to nie występuje w polskiej Konstytucji. Za relikt uważa również pojęcie fiskusa (Skarb Państwa): jest to swoisty anachronizm, a więc relikt dawnej koncepcji fiskusa, która święciła triumfy w XIX w. Pojęcie to odwraca uwagę od rzeczywistej istoty państwa jako podmiotu prawa. Autor opowiada się także za usunięciem z dyskursu cywilistycznego pojęcia osoby prawnej prawa publicznego, które przedostało się z nauki prawa administracyjnego do dyskursu cywilistycznego. Jest ono reliktem metodologii, jaką stosowali szeroko w XIX w. specjaliści prawa administracyjnego. Metoda ta polegała na zapożyczaniu z nauki prawa cywilnego pewnych pojęć i recypowaniu ich do nauki prawa administracyjnego. Zdaniem autora na gruncie prawa cywilnego pojęcie to nie posiada wystarczających walorów normatywnych i poznawczych. Autor zwraca również uwagę na naturę pojęcia osoby prawnej. Jego zdaniem, w przeciwieństwie do terminu „ułomna osoba prawna”, jest to pojęcie pierwotne w języku prawnym i prawniczym. Nie poddaje się więc definiowaniu.
Constructing a career as a process of investing in its portfolio
Authors: Cybal-Michalska Agnieszka
Published: December 2020

Multicontextual social changes imply definitely new ways of interpretation and determine reflections about the condition of contemporary humans, including the human being as “a manager” of his own career. A society has become an area where individuals can show their initiative. A contemporary study of careers demands the inclusion of multicontextual changes in the job world. These changes face employees with new requirements. The most important ones are the increase of the role attached to a career and the ability to plan, manage and monitor one’s own career in a lifelong perspective. Considerations about a career cannot leave out the issue of the subjective sense that an individual finds in one’s own career in the context of possibilities that a man can have a satisfactory career. The world of careers is a world of numerous micro-changes. In the “portfolio” of micro-changes, the time between changes is reduced and after a period of stability renewed separation comes increasingly quickly.
Project Based Learning (PBL) as a Promising Challenge of Teaching Mathematics
Authors: Hilai Miri
Published: December 2020

Mathematics has always presented a challenge, both for teachers and for pupils, all around the world. Teachers of mathematics of all time periods are interested in having their pupils master the mathematical skills and love math. They deliberate on ways of teaching-learning, because of the tremendous gaps in their pupils’ cognitive abilities and their non-uniform abilities to pay attention and to concentrate. It appears that the main solution in the frontal mathematics lessons is offered to the average pupils, but the main goal is to provide a solution for the entire classroom population. Over the years I have searched for different ways beyond frontal and individualized teaching, so that I could provide a solution for populations with different needs in the mathematics lessons. My search for alternative ways derived also from the need to promote the achievements and to boost the motivation, interest, curiosity, and enjoyment in the learning of mathematics. Contemporary research indicates that there is practical innovative learning which is active and involving; it is called project-based learning (PBL). PBL provides a solution for the improvement of the performances in mathematics, for the motivation of the pupils, and for the inspiration of interest and curiosity in and enjoyment from this field of knowledge. From my experience as a teacher in the past and from the reports of my students in the Gordon Academic College for Education in the PBL course, in such teaching a solution is provided for the different populations in the class. The pupils are engaged in learning in practical and realistic projects that are relevant to their lives. They are more active and autonomous, work cooperatively, and develop patterns of behaviour of independence in learning, self-orientation, and self-regulation. These skills and patterns of behaviour are important to their lives as adults and cultivate the six functions of the learner that are derived from the curriculum in Israel: sensory-motor, self-direction in learning and in its management, intrapersonal and interpersonal, cognitive and meta-cognitive.
Społeczne (re)konstrukcje zawodu inżyniera w kontekście rosnącego udziału kobiet w tradycyjnie męskich obszarach zawodowych
Authors: Szymczak Emilia
Published: December 2020

Nowadays, women more often want to pursue their professional aspirations in areas related to engineering. This is evidenced by statistical reports related to the growing participation of women in the polytechnic studies, as well as a growing proportion of young women working as engineer. It is inseparably connected with the contemporary changes and discoveries in technology, thanks to which the society - the remaining phase of permanent development - stands in the need for a greater number of specialists and workers in order to meet increasing, as well as constantly changing needs of social, economic and market conditions. This article is a (re)construction of professional functioning of women in engineering with special emphasis on factors which may provide an incentive to undertake this type of work; analysis of the same professional environment in the context of the problem of social inequality, as well as the phenomenon of masculinization of women in engineering.
Metafory w słuŜbie budowania toŜsamości. Krytyczna Analiza Dyskursu jako narzędzie badania dyskursu katolickiego na temat mniejszości homoseksualnej i zwolenników teorii gender (na przykładzie medialnych wypowiedzi Dariusza Oko
Authors: Kościańczuk Marcela
Published: December 2020

The article presents an analysis of Dariusz Oko’s articles about the homosexual minority and people who are gender studies’ scholars or supporters. It shows metaphors and comparisons as tools of creating identity and ideological discourse. Narration is analyzed according to Critical Discourse Analysis tools. I present the re-scalation mechanism and compare Dariusz Oko’s rhetorical tools against envious prejudice.
Jednostka, neoliberalizm i redukcjonizm edukacji współczesnej
Authors: Gromkowska-Melosik Agnieszka
Published: December 2020

Contemporary educational policy of many developed countries is permeated with the ideology of neoliberalism, the essence of which is to increase the efficiency and "focus on the best," while respecting the principle of indifference to sex, race or social origin. It is belevied that in neoliberalism, education - seen as the "good of the individual" is bringing economic benefits to society. Learning / knowledge becomes a commodity, an individual is treated in accordance with the logic of neoliberalism as "innovative entrepreneur", which determines his/her own success or failure. Here there is a dominance of rhetoric of performance, efficiency and standards together with conviction that schools should operate as excellent corporations that bring profits through routine activities, procedures, diagnosis and evaluation. In this context one can ask the question: is it still possible, to believe in emancipatory function of education?
Wszędzie dobrze, ale w domu najlepiej. Analiza decyzji dotyczących kontynuacji nauki na studiach drugiego stopnia na podstawie danych rejestrowych Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego
Authors: Tomasz Zając Tomasz Zając , Komendant-Brodowska Agata
Published: December 2020

The aim of the paper is to analyse decisions of first degree graduates concerning continuation of their education on second-degree programmes. One of the changes introduced by the Bologna process was a division of university programmes for the first-degree (bachelor’s degree) and seconddegree (master’s degree) programmes. As a result, a new educational threshold has appeared in the course of higher education and at that threshold students decide whether to continue education and if so, which university and programme to choose. All choices involve various costs and benefits, both to be experienced immediately, as well as those that students plan to achieve or incur in the future. The article presents data on the decisions regarding the continuation of studies in the context of the assumptions of rational choice theory: methodological individualism and rationality of actors. The analysed data come from registers of the University of Warsaw. The most common decision of first-degree graduates at the University is not to change anything: either the programme or mode of study. This result will be explained in the context of assumptions about the preferences of the students.
On the Continuum Between Educational and Academic Goals – Results from a Qualitative Research on Israeli High School Homeroom Educators and Subject Teachers
Authors: Bar Gosen Noah
Published: December 2020

This research project presents different role perceptions regarding educational and academic aims, among high school instruction personnel.Since its foundation the Israeli education system has defined its role as a socialization agent as well as an academic institution. As national and international achievement tests became more widespread, the focus on academic aspect increased and the influence of academic excellence on school grading can be seen as more influential in comparison to educational achievements. Semi-structured interviews of 14 high school teachers – homeroom educators and subject teachers – were conducted. Results show that homeroom educators put more emphasis on educational aims while subject teachers put more emphasis on academic achievements. Their definition of success was a mixture of both objectives. Homeroom educators tend to apply educational inclusive practiceswhile subject teachers tend to apply instructional ones. International research emphasizes the importance of educational aims and inclusive practices in promoting academic achievements for all (OECD, 2010). The emphasis on evaluation and assessment of academic achievements may results in exclusive practices. These results suggest that adding educational achievements to schools' evaluation scales can encourage all instruction personnel to promote educational aims and inclusive practices as well as academic ones, thus contributing to schools' performance in evaluation tests.
Changes in the Educational Practice in Kindergartens in the Czech Republic
Authors: Radmila Burkovičová Radmila Burkovičová
Published: December 2020

Relatively extensive changes are currently taking place in the system of preschool education in the Czech Republic, which will mainly affect the educational landscape of kindergartens. A personalityoriented model of preschool education requires a considerate, understanding and helping approach to each child. The joint education of all children, where inclusion occurs for certain children who were excluded from children’s communities in the past, is happening within the context of Czech and international legislation. Supporting measures are provided to children where required. However, such measures may ultimately also benefit the teacher.
Piłka nożna, styl życia i procesy reprodukcji kulturowej w Stanach Zjednoczonych
Authors: Melosik Zbyszko
Published: December 2020

In his article the author considers the paradox of soccer appropriation in the United States. It is rejected by majority of Americans at the professional level as they prefer football, basketball and baseball. However, at the recreational level soccer is used by middle class and upper middle class as a form of their status confirmation and for cultural reproduction. The symbol of such an approach is analysed – the „soccer mom” as a person who considers soccer as a very valuable exercise experience for her daughters and sons.
Kreowanie doświadczeń liminalnych w szkole z wykorzystaniem metody dramy edukacyjnej
Authors: Jaskulska Sylwia
Published: December 2020

The aim of the paper is to consider the possibility of creating liminal experiences at school with the method of educational drama and the pedagogical potential of such activities. Treated as the medium phase of rite, I define liminality in line with Arnold van Genepp and Victor Turner. By claiming that for many reasons school is a liminal space and showing that the fact that this function is neglected at the cost of the transmission function is a problem, I present drama as a possible antidote.
Socjalizacja polityczna w przebiegu życia – perspektywa kontynuacji i zmiany
Authors: Hildebrandt-Wypych Dobrochna
Published: December 2020

The following text presents various alternative theoretical approaches in political socialization research. Some of the theoretical insights provided by the functional, systemic and interpretative perspectives are identifiedin order to depict the discussion around the continuity and change within the political socialization research. Whereas in the firstperiod of political socialization research the aim was to explain the continuity in the development of political orientations, it was later forced to account for modificationand the potential for change (especially when addressing the interpretative issues of identity politics). After describing the field’stheoretical shifts, the life-course model of political socialization is presented. The life-course model attempts to deal with the problem of continuity and change in the political socialization process, pointing to its remarkable complexity and lifelong flexibility.It offers a systematic, interdisciplinary and holistic way of conceptualizing political socialization. It points to the importance of political socialization research in demonstrating interdependence between objective functions of the political system and subjective political learning of a reflexive individual.
Lifelong learning – społeczno-kulturowe (re)konstrukcje
Authors: Melosik Zbyszko
Published: December 2020

The article includes considerations on different version of lifelong learning in contemporary culture. Four approaches are analysed. The first one is classical, connected mostly with adult education,. In the second, lifelong learning is incorporated in neoliberal vision of man and society and is treated as a way of permanent change of one’s knowledge and skills to be competitive in a job market. Third approach relates to the role of popular culture in shaping man’s identity by developing ability to accept and quickly forget enormous numer of stimulus from mass media and consumption area. The core of last approach includes the conviction that just man’s passions are the best and deepest drive for permanent personal growth.
Tożsamość jako zadanie – narracja emancypacyjna
Authors: Leppert Roman
Published: December 2020

At the basis of the distinguished narrative regarding identity as a task there is the emancipatory interest, distinguished by J. Habermas, constitutive for cognition. Referring to the results of the study on the psychosocial condition of the youth, the author formulates a hypothesis which claims that in the case of the studied group, we are dealing with a generation of potential frustrates (or the deficitof existential rebellion).
Metody i narzędzia kształcenia zdalnego w polskich uczelniach w czasie pandemii COVID-19 – Część 1, Dyskusja 2020
Authors: Topol Paweł
Published: December 2020

The coronavirus has left its mark on practically every branch of the economy in Poland and has affected all spheres of human life: public, professional and private. Education is no exception. Distance learning, or e-learning, has a rich history in education. So far, however, e-learning has acted as a kind of “adjunct” to traditional classroom learning and as an alternative to face-to-face classes. The coronavirus disease forced a completely new situation in Polish education. All, or almost all, traditional forms of teaching and learning had to shift towards remote, virtual forms. In the first half of this year (2020), an extensive discussion at the SEA forum (the Academic E-learning Association) took place. Scientists, educators and technical experts from various academic centers spoke about the methods and tools launched in their institutions. This article offers a synthesis of that discussion, i.e. how certain Polish universities eventually did or did not succeed in the above matter. The article is based on selected fragments and quotes of the debate. Some of them were briefly commented on by the author.
James Bond a dylematy tożsamościowe Brytyjczyków – kultura popularna a kształtowanie tożsamości narodowej
Authors: Hejwosz-Gromkowska Daria
Published: December 2020

The author assumes that popular culture plays a powerful role in the process of socialization of young generation. The author tries to present that the conventional national symbols are being replaced by pop symbols and thus become the sources of national identity. The concepts of banal nationalism put forward by Michael Billig or Tim Enderson’s idea of everyday life’s practices in the development of national identity are being used. In the text, the phenomenon of James Bond is used to analyze the contemporary debates on British identity (Britishness). The author assumes that James Bond is a great example of Englishness that serves as a complex manifestation of a British hero which may, in turn, play a crucial role in political, civic, and patriotic education.
Tecnologias da informação e comunicação na educação em saúde acerca do coronavírus: relato de experiência / Information and communication technologies applied to health education related to coronavirus: experience report
Authors: Soares Deisi Cardoso , Cecagno Diana , Quadros Lenice De Castro Muniz de , Spagnolo Lílian Moura de Lima , Cunha Tuany Nunes , Fritzen Fabiano Milano
Published: December 2020

Objetivo: relatar a experiência de docentes da Universidade Federal de Pelotas quanto ao uso de tecnologias de informação e comunicação no desenvolvimento de atividades de educação em saúde para trabalhadores do transporte individual de passageiros e entregadores, quanto à prevenção do coronavírus. Método: relato de experiência sobre ação de educação em saúde, realizada entre abril e maio de 2020, utilizando-se infográficos e podcasts como material educativo que foram disseminados por intermédio de redes sociais e aplicativos de mensagens instantâneas de texto para celulares. Resultados: os materiais educativos sobre as medidas de prevenção ao coronavírus foram produzidos pelos docentes e disponibilizados online para as associações e sindicatos de motoristas de Pelotas e outras regiões do Brasil. Conclusões: a ação foi considerada bem-sucedida, em virtude da ampla difusão do material produzido para diferentes regiões do Brasil.
Protagonismo da enfermagem na organização de uma unidade para assistência à pacientes com Coronavírus / Nursing protagonism in the organization of a unit to care patients with Coronavirus
Authors: Treccossi Sara Priscila Carvalho , Ferreira Joabe Candido , Oliveira Rafael Muniz de , Santos Reginaldo Passoni dos , Carvalho Ariana Rodrigues da Silva
Published: December 2020

Objetivo: relatar o protagonismo vivenciado por líderes da enfermagem, na organização de uma unidade de internação hospitalar, destinada exclusivamente aos pacientes com infecção suspeita e confirmada por Coronavírus. Método: relato de experiência sobre a organização de uma unidade hospitalar da região Sul brasileira, entre março e abril de 2020. Resultados: os líderes da enfermagem participaram de todas as etapas e processos necessários à organização e ativação da unidade no hospital, exercendo as seguintes competências: comunicação; tomada de decisão; liderança; administração e gerenciamento; assistência à saúde; educação permanente. Conclusões: a autonomia dada pela governança máxima e o caráter universitário da instituição (que viabilizou atualização científica contínua), bem como o prévio preparo técnico da equipe (por meio de reuniões estruturadas e planejamento organizacional), atrelados aos anos de formação e prática profissional dos enfermeiros-líderes potencializaram a experiência vivenciada.
Isolamento de pacientes por coorte na pandemia de Coronavírus / Isolation of patients by cohort in the Coronavirus pandemic
Authors: Silva Tâmela Beatriz Matinada da , Dal Sasso Márcia Amaral , Cunha Leili Mara Mateus da , Silva Gabriela De Oliveira , Bezerra Isaac Newton Machado , Piuvezam Grasiela
Published: December 2020

Objetivo: descrever a experiência de elaboração de Guia sobre isolamento em coorte de pacientes no contexto da pandemia de Coronavírus em uma rede de hospitais públicos de ensino brasileiros. Método: relato de experiência, baseado na observação da construção de Guia sobre isolamento em coorte nos hospitais, desenvolvido durante os meses de julho e agosto de 2020 pelas equipes das Unidades de Vigilância em Saúde, Segurança do Paciente e Gestão da Qualidade dos hospitais, durante a pandemia. Resultados: descreveu-se o processo de elaboração do Guia, apresentado segundo espaços de inovação e as 14 seções relacionadas à coorte de pacientes, baseadas nas recomendações vigentes. Conclusões: este relato de experiência poderá subsidiar outras instituições na adequação dos fluxos dos pacientes isolados por coorte de Coronavírus de forma segura e efetiva.
Tipos de revisão de literatura: considerações das editoras do Journal of Nursing and Health / Types of literature review: considerations of the editors of the Journal of Nursing and Health
Authors: Casarin Sidnéia Tessmer , Porto Adrize Rutz , Gabatz Ruth Irmgard Bartschi , Bonow Clarice Alves , Ribeiro Juliane Portella , Mota Marina Soares
Published: December 2020

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Cultural heritage building up future thinking
Authors: Holtorf Cornelius , Muniz Tiago Silva Alves
Published: December 2020

Qual é o papel do patrimônio cultural na construção de futuros? Como a cátedra da Unesco pode fornecer ferramentas para pensar e fazer futuros criativos? E como a arqueologia se relaciona com isso? Esta entrevista desenvolve o conceito de patrimônios futuros e chama a atenção do “setor do patrimônio” para ampliar a interdisciplinaridade e o engajamento de colaborações de mente aberta com parceiros fora da academia e da indústria, por exemplo. Aqui, Dr. Cornelius Holtorf, arqueólogo, Professor de Arqueologia na Linnaeus University, Diretor da Escola de Pós-Graduação em Arqueologia de Contrato (GRASCA) e Cátedra Unesco em Patrimônios Futuros na Linnaeus University, fala sobre seus projetos / ideias em andamento e comentários sobre o impacto do turismo e covid-19 ao patrimônio cultural, futuro do patrimônio e alfabetização em futuro. Abstract: What is the role of cultural heritage in constructing futures? How can a UNESCO Chair provide tools for creative futures thinking and future-making? And how does archaeology relate to that? This interview develops the concept of heritage futures and calls the attention of the “heritage sector” to broad interdisciplinarity and open-minded collaborations with partners outside of academia and industry, among others. Here, Dr. Cornelius Holtorf, archaeologist, Professor of Archaeology, Director of the Graduate School in Contract Archaeology (GRASCA) and UNESCO Chair on Heritage Futures at Linnaeus University talks about his ongoing projects/ideas and comments on the impact of tourism and covid-19 on cultural heritage, heritage futures and future literacy.
Educação para o Turismo em Gramado: Patrimônios Culturais e Modos de Ser Gramadense
Authors: Barbacovi Manoela , Zubaran Maria Angélica
Published: December 2020

Este estudo analisa as epistemologias e pedagogias disseminadas pela disciplina Educação para o Turismo no currículo do Ensino Fundamental das Escolas Municipais da cidade de Gramado. Pretende-se investigar como a disciplina Educação para o Turismo tem representado a cidade de Gramado e seus patrimônios culturais, materiais e imateriais, examinando as estratégias representacionais acionadas nos Cursos de Capacitação Docente para a educação em turismo na cidade de Gramado. Em termos teóricos, o estudo se inscreve no Campo dos Estudos Culturais e nas discussões acerca dos Patrimônios Culturais. Neste sentido, o objetivo central da pesquisa é analisar a produção discursiva acerca dos patrimônios culturais da cidade de Gramado e das identidades locais nos enunciados do Curso de Capacitação Docente em Educação para o Turismo e nas entrevistas realizadas com docentes das escolas municipais de Gramado que trabalham com esta disciplina. Busca-se assim, problematizar as noções de uma Gramado intrinsecamente turística e europeia e de uma vocação naturalmente turística de seus moradores. Abstract: This study analyzes the epistemologies and pedagogies disseminated by the subject Tourism Education in the Elementary School curriculum of Municipal Schools in Gramado. It is intended to investigate how the subject Tourism Education has represented the city of Gramado and its cultural, material and immaterial heritage, examining the representational strategies used in the Teacher’s Training Courses for tourism education in Gramado. In theoretical terms, this study is part of the Cultural Studies Field and in the discussions on Cultural Heritage. In this sense, the main objective of this research is to analyze the discursive production on Gramado’s cultural heritage and the local identities in the statements of the Teacher’s Training Course in Tourism Education and in the interviews carried out with teachers who work with this subject in Gramado’s municipal schools. Thus, the aim is to problematize the notions of an intrinsically touristic and European Gramado and of a naturally tourist vocation of its residents.
AS CONFIGURAÇÕES DO TRABALHO REMOTO DA CATEGORIA DOCENTE NO CONTEXTO DA PANDEMIA COVID-19
Authors: Maia Fernanda Landolfi , Bernardo Kelen Aparecida da Silva , Bridi Maria Aparecida
Published: December 2020

Resumo O trabalho docente, em todos os níveis de ensino, nas instituições públicas e privadas brasileiras está passando por um dos grandes desafios dos últimos tempos: o ensino remoto. Com a pandemia da COVID-19, o ano de 2020 tornou-se o cenário mundial das urgências e tomadas de decisões com um objetivo central: o da tentativa de evitar a propagação do vírus. No Brasil, em atendimento às recomendações da Organização Mundial da Saúde de isolamento social, o Ministério da Educação, por meio das portarias nº 343 e nº 345, autorizou a implantação do Ensino Remoto Emergencial (ERE) que permite que disciplinas ministradas na modalidade presencial sejam realizadas de maneira virtualmente por meio de plataformas digitais. Com base nesse cenário este artigo tem por finalidade apresentar dados da pesquisa intitulada “O trabalho remoto/ home-office no contexto da COVID-19” com o foco nas condições objetivas de trabalho dos professores nesse contexto. A metodologia é composta por uma pesquisa de natureza exploratória, que foi realizada por meio de um questionário aplicado pela plataforma Google Forms e contou com 37 perguntas, sendo duas delas, questões abertas, com um total de 262 de respondentes. Os principais resultados demonstram que os docentes foram submetidos ao processo de intensificação do trabalho, flexibilização das atividades e alterações na organização do trabalho dos professores.Palavras-chave: Condições do trabalho docente; Trabalho remoto; Isolamento social.
Precarização do trabalho e reorganização da mão de obra no contexto de pandemia
Authors: Da Costa Lourenço Aline
Published: December 2020

Após a crise de 2015-2016, a economia brasileira sofreu um aumento do número de desempregados e devido a recuperação lenta da crise, ocorreu uma ampliação da informalidade no mercado de trabalho. Desta forma, uma das alternativas de milhares de brasileiros foi se adaptar à nova forma de controle, gerenciamento e organização do trabalho, mediado muitas vezes por plataformas digitais, mas não restrito a elas, que se tornou uma tendência mundial, denominada de “uberização”. A emergência sanitária, causada pela disseminação mundial da Covid-19 que marcou o ano de 2020, chegou ao Brasil em um contexto em que o mercado de trabalho já precisava de proteção. O objetivo deste trabalho é analisar o mercado de trabalho precário do país e a reorganização da mão de obra durante a pandemia. O percurso metodológico parte de uma análise da situação do mercado de trabalho antes e durante a pandemia, e uma análise da reorganização dos trabalhadores das plataformas digitais diante da precarização do trabalho intensificada na pandemia. Uma grande parcela da população historicamente não foi incluída no mercado de trabalho formal no País e, diante da pandemia, os trabalhadores que se submetem aos trabalhos mediados por plataformas digitais se organizaram tanto por meio de manifestações para solicitar direitos mínimos de trabalho quanto com a criação de cooperativas. Palavras-Chave:Precarização; Reorganização; Pandemia
Em tempos de Coronavírus: home office e o trabalho feminino
Authors: Muller Castro Thiele Costa , Bottega Carla Garcia , Detoni Priscila Pavan , Tittoni Jaqueline
Published: December 2020

As mulheres geralmente são mais afetadas em momentos de epidemias e pandemias, inclusive no meio acadêmico, como este que estamos vivenciando com a COVID 19. A metodologia desse artigo está baseada na autoetnografia das autoras, todas ligadas à academia por serem professoras, pesquisadoras e estão estudando. As questões orientadoras foram as mobilizações iniciais diante da pandemia e as estratégias utilizadas para a continuidade ou não de uma rotina, especialmente da conciliação do trabalho em home office, vida doméstica e pessoal em tempos de cuidados para a proteção da vida. Destaca-se a condição de privilégios que possibilita interseccionar o trabalho feminino, com a branquitude e o ofício docente. As narrativas mostraram, principalmente, a sobrecarga da mulher na sobreposição do trabalho doméstico e profissional, bem como a fragilização dos limites entre os espaços públicos e privado trazidas pelo trabalho via tecnologias digitais.Palavras-chave:Pandemia; Trabalho feminino; Saúde Mental; Narrativa; Home office
Entrevista: TRABALHO E EDUCAÇÃO EM TEMPOS DE PANDEMIA: ENTREVISTA COM MARCOS SUPERVIELLE
Authors: D'Avila Ana Paula Ferreira , Bonaldi Eduardo Vilar
Published: December 2020

Nesta entrevista, Marcos Supervielle, professor emérito da Udelar (Uruguai), aponta para uma série de questões suscitadas pela pandemia no Uruguai e, de modo geral, na França. Entre os temas abordados estão o isolamento dos trabalhadores, principalmente dos docentes, devido ao trabalho remoto, a imbricação do trabalho no cotidiano das famílias, a “boa onda” descrita pelo entrevistado como uma forma de aceitação tácita de más condições de trabalho, devido ao Covid-19. Por fim, explora-se o tema do Estado ao lidar com a pandemia e o papel dos sindicatos.
The Birth of the Post-War World: Planning and Realities (To 75 Anniversary of the Great Victory and the creation of the UNO. Article one)
Authors:   Institute of Europe, Russian Academy of Sciences, Gromyko Alexey
Published: December 2020

The article is dedicated to the 75-th anniversaries since the end of the Second World War and the creation of the United Nations. The author explores the evolution of key ideas, including the contribution of the Soviet diplomatic strategy, on the post-war world and interaction among the great powers. Special attention is drawn to the phenomenon of the ―Roosevelt course‖ and the atmosphere in the Soviet-American relations during the war. The main approaches of the allies’ diplomacy towards principles of post-war cooperation are analysed. It is shown that the emergence of the Cold War was not inevitable and did not correspond to the national interests of great powers. In the course of the war their vision was based mainly on pragmatism and security interests rather than on antagonistic ideologies. In terms of chronology the start of the Cold War is proposed to attribute not to a concrete year but to a period from 1945 to the end of the decade. The author underlines the outstanding and unique nature of the UN as the most enduring legacy of the Second World War, which has not lost its acute role in 2020. This research will be continued in the next paper by the author.
Evolution of Decision Making in the European Union as a Parameter of the Depth of Integration
Authors:   MGIMO University, Kaveshnikov Nikolay
Published: December 2020

The article explores the evolution of decision-making procedures and their use in the EU as one of the parameters of integration depth. The study used a database of secondary legislation covering 1990-2019. The final empirical data consists of 5,427 documents, including 1,272 directives and 4,155 regulations. The research empirically confirmed the increase in the frequency of procedures application that envisage a more active participation of the European Parliament in the legislative process. At the same time, the authorreveals that a significant part of secondary legislation is still adopted by the Council without the EPinvolvement. An important difference in the use of adaptation procedures of directives and regulations has been identified; working hypotheses about the reasons for such differences have been formulated.
Steroid‐dependent switch of OvoL/Shavenbaby controls self‐renewal versus differentiation of intestinal stem cells
Authors: Al Hayek Sandy , Alsawadi Ahmad , Kambris Zakaria , Boquete Jean‐Philippe , Bohère Jérôme , Immarigeon Clément , Ronsin Brice , Plaza Serge , Lemaitre Bruno , Payre François , Osman Dani
Published: December 2020

Adult stem cells must continuously fine‐tune their behavior to regenerate damaged organs and avoid tumors. While several signaling pathways are well known to regulate somatic stem cells, the underlying mechanisms remain largely unexplored. Here, we demonstrate a cell‐intrinsic role for the OvoL family transcription factor, Shavenbaby (Svb), in balancing self‐renewal and differentiation of Drosophila intestinal stem cells. We find that svb is a downstream target of Wnt and EGFR pathways, mediating their activity for stem cell survival and proliferation. This requires post‐translational processing of Svb into a transcriptional activator, whose upregulation induces tumor‐like stem cell hyperproliferation. In contrast, the unprocessed form of Svb acts as a repressor that imposes differentiation into enterocytes, and suppresses tumors induced by altered signaling. We show that the switch between Svb repressor and activator is triggered in response to systemic steroid hormone, which is produced by ovaries. Therefore, the Svb axis allows intrinsic integration of local signaling cues and inter‐organ communication to adjust stem cell proliferation versus differentiation, suggesting a broad role of OvoL/Svb in adult and cancer stem cells.
Creep behaviour monitoring of short-term duration for fiber-glass reinforced composite cross-arms with unsaturated polyester resin samples using conventional analysis
Authors: Johari A. N. , Ishak M.R. , Leman Z. , Yusoff M.Z.M. , Asyraf M.R.M.
Published: December 2020

The leading objective of this experimental study is to perform a Short-term Creep Testing on samples (coupon test) obtained from a private company in order to learn the durability of the Unsaturated Polyester Resin (UPR) material with and without Calcium Carbonate (CaCO3) on the applied cross-arm application according to ASTM E139. Through the method of flexural test jig (three point bending test) along with the usage of the furnace chamber HK160, samples then examined with initial temperature of 30°C until it breaks down. Result has been evaluated using conventional method for predicting the life-long purpose of the samples for future reference and analysis. The configurations or the patterns of the failure through (conventional) method recorded for short term test inside HK160 Chamber furnace fails at temperature of 120°C for samples without CaCO3 the samples fails and crack. Therefore, the samples with due to the material of UPE with FRP in a bar shape are said to have Ultimate Temperature for Failure of 120°C. Further details are crucial for advance analysis in the future research purposes.
Effect of raster inclinations and part positions on mechanical properties, surface roughness and manufacturing price of printed parts produced by fused deposition method
Authors: Yunus Mohammed , Alsoufi Mohammad S.
Published: December 2020

Additive manufacturing (AM) technology has the ability to produce parts or products using data from 3D CAD models based on adding material. Fused deposition modeling (FDM) is among the most popular AM technologies wherein the plastic materials like acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene filaments get added in the form of semi-molten plastic layers from bottom to top to produce the final product. Besides, the merits of using the FDM process, it faces challenges related to strength, dimensional accuracy, surface finish, and so on. The mechanical, tribological, and surface finish of functional parts is an essential consideration in FDM. In this work, the role of process parameters such as the part positions and raster inclinations involved in the manufacturing of parts by FDM has been evaluated experimentally to obtain the desired properties for reducing production time, the quantity of supporting material, and overall cost including maintenance costs. The study revealed that part position is a more significant parameter than the raster inclinations on the surface roughness and mechanical properties of the FDM parts. It also concludes with the proper values of part positions and raster inclinations for achieving optimal mechanical properties, roughness, and manufacturing costs to withstand operating loading conditions.
Effects of tool shoulder geometry on mechanical properties and microstructure of friction-stir welded joints of AA5083-0 aluminium alloys
Authors: Ortega Francisco , Fernandez William , Santa Juan Felipe , Unfried-Silgado Jimy
Published: December 2020

Shoulder geometry is an important geometrical feature of tool design in friction stir welding since it has a strong effect on heat generation and material flow. In this paper the effect of shoulder geometry of tool on mechanical properties, microstructure evolution, and thermal history of friction stir welded joints of AA5083-O aluminium alloy. Two different shoulder geometries of tool named concave and featured (concentric circles) were used, both with cylindrical threaded pin. A set of samples were fabricated using a milling machine and a factorial experimental design to estimate the effects of process parameters (rotational and welding speed) and shoulder geometry on welded joints. Tensile strength, hardness, and microstructure evolution were experimentally measured. These observations were complemented with results obtained from a finite element modelling to calculate thermal history in welded joints. The results showed that the combination of revolution pitch R-value and shoulder geometry of tool were the most significant factors, affecting to mechanical properties, thermal behaviour, and microstructure evolution. The best tensile properties were obtained with a featured shoulder tool using 1400 rpm and 16 mm.min-1, and 1085 rpm and 11 mm.min-1 for rotational and welding speed. The same parameter combination resulted in a joint efficiency of 70% and 65%, respectively. In addition, the results of evaluation using an ANOVA analysis with fixed factors showed that increasing R-values produces statistically significant differences in ultimate strength (Sut) values.
Effect of impregnation on hybrid mesoporous silica / kenaf reinforced epoxy composites in term of flexural, compressive and water absorption properties
Authors: Bajuri F. , Mazlan N. , Ishak M. R. , Uyup M. K. A.
Published: December 2020

In this work, mesoporous silica with designated amount was added in kenaf/epoxy composites to improve the mechanical properties of the composite and reduce the water uptake of fabricated composites. The composites were fabricated using hot press method (HP) and impregnation method (IMP). For HP specimens, silica was dispersed into epoxy resin using homogenizer before being applied to the kenaf mat and subsequently hot pressed. While for IMP specimens, the kenaf mat was placed inside the silica/epoxy solution under 600 mm Hg impregnation pressure before being hot pressed. The results for flexural properties revealed that IMP specimen with 40 vol% of kenaf fibre and 5 vol% of silica have the highest strength and modulus at 78.6 MPa and 5.11 GPa respectively. Same trend can be seen for compressive properties as the same specimen had the highest compressive strength and modulus at 69.3 MPa and 1.81 GPa respectively. Finally for water absorption properties, IMP specimens had a reduction in water uptake compared to its HP specimen counterparts with the same kenaf and silica content. IMP specimen with 60 vol% kenaf and 5 vol% silica had the lowest water uptake after 90 days of immersion in distilled water at 13.5% increase in weight.
Influence of yarn parameters on cotton/kenaf blended yarn characteristics
Authors: Abdullah S. A. S. , Zuhudi N. Z. M. , Mohd Aris K. D. , Roslan M. N. , Isa M. D.
Published: December 2020

Spinning kenaf fibers into yarns is challenging due to the stiffness and lack of cohesiveness of the fibers. Alkali treatment is known to remove hemicellulose, wax, and breaks down lignin, reducing stiffness of kenaf fiber and improving its spinnability. Kenaf fibers were treated at percentages of 4% and 6% and blended with cotton fibers at blend ratios of 40:60 and 50:50 prior to a ring spinning process to produce a double ply yarn of 70 tex.  Yarn were twisted at three sets of twist. The responses were measured in terms of carding waste percentages and yarn strength. The results showed that the optimized yarn structural parameter is kenaf fiber treated at 6% and with a kenaf/cotton 40/60 blending ratio based on its tenacity and minimum carding waste. ANOVA shows that there is a good interaction effect between NaOH and kenaf/cotton ratio, and NaOH concentration and twist.