bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Beda Arti Firman "Bacalah" dalam Pendidikan Islam-Kristen (Rekonstruksi Teks Baca-Tulis Dalam Pembelajaran)
Authors: Asy’ari Farida
Published: February 2021

Prompts for "reading" actually existed since when the revelation of God was revealed for the first time received by the prophet Muhammad SAW. In Holly Bible the book of Christians reveals that in the tradition of the Jewish command "Reading" after there is a book and reading to understand history and law. So before "reading" must do writing first. Thus, according to them, that the word of God "read" contained in his book is meaning "writing", which this thing is written directly in the book of output 17: 14 who was ordered to write history, and the book of Deuteronomy 4: 13-14 where God write 10 commands and teach commands. This research was conducted to find out and reveal the different meanings of the word "read" in Christian-Islamic Education. "Read-write" Text correlation in learning. The research method used is a theoretically oriented qualitative approach is a way of looking at the world, the assumptions that people embrace about something important, and what makes people work. So that the meaning of the word "read" in Islamic education means "reading" based on the word of God which first came down to the Prophet Muhammad, namely 'Iqra' in the letter Al-Alaq. Whereas in Christian education means "writing". Based on the word of God to the Prophet Moses in the book EXPLANATION 17: 14 in the Torah or the old agreement. The difference, the author tries to combine that reading and writing is a unity that cannot be separated in an education and learning. Therefore read-write that was not respected and preserved in learning must be rebuilt for the advancement of students as the nation's successor.
Konflik dan Pengaruhnya terhadap Kepuasan Kerja
Authors: Desanti Novi , Sutrisno Edy , Anggita Anggita
Published: February 2021

Konflik di dalam sebuah organisasi dapat terjadi kapan saja dan disebabkan oleh banyak hal juga banyak pihak yang terlibat. Interaksi ini dapat terjadi baik secara vertikal maupun secara horizontal di dalam struktur organisasi. Gesekan-gesekan kepentingan, pemahaman yang berbeda dalam menanggapi suatu hal, aliran komunikasi dan informasi yang kurang lancar, latar belakang budaya dan perbedaan budaya, pendidikan dan tingkat emosi yang berbeda dan lain-lain, merupakan bumerang pagi organisasi itu sendiri. Peneliti ini menggunakan pendekatan penelitian kuantitatif. Sampel sebanyak 26 kuisioner. Teknik analisis data menggunakan analisis regresi sederhana. Dari penelitian ini dapat diketahui jenis konflik, pengaruh parsial penangganan konflik terhadap kepuasa kerja, pengaruh simultan penangganan konflik terhadap kepuasan kerja pada Jurusan Administrasi Bisnis (AB). Pengukuran variabel dilakukan dengan menggunakan skala Likert. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: (1) Jenis konflik yang sering timbul di jurusan AB adalah konflik nilai (68%); (2) Dari hasil uji parsial (uji t) diketahui variabel berintegrasi yang tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kepuasan kerja. Variabel memenuhi memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap kepuasan kerja. Sedangkan variabel mendominasi, menghindar dan berkompromi berpengaruh signifikan; dan (3) Dari hasil uji simultan diketahui bahwa variabel penanganan konflik berpengaruh secara simultan terhadap kepuasan kerja, sedangkan sisanya dipengaruhi oleh faktor lain yang tidak diteliti dalam penelitian ini.
Efektivitas Implementasi Pemungutan PBB P2 Kota Pontianak
Authors: Yuliana Elsa Sari , Tarmizi Tashadi , Soraya Soraya
Published: February 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji efektivitas implementasi pajak bumi dan bangunan perdesaan dan perkotaan sejak ditetapkan sebagai pajak daerah Kota Pontianak. Dalam penelitian ini akan dilihat efektivitas dari segi ketercapaian target pajak bumi dan bangunan terhadap realisasi penerimaan pajak. Juga akan dilihat upaya apa saja yang telah dilakukan oleh Pemerintah Kota Pontianak dalam mengoptimalisasikan implementasi pajak bumi dan bangunan di Kota Pontianak, serta apa pandangan masyarakat selaku wajib pajak terhadap upaya yang dibangun oleh pemerintah. Diharapkan dari hasil penelitian ini akan tersusun kesepahaman antara Pemerintah Kota Pontianak dan wajib pajak mengenai manfaat optimalisasi penerimaan pajak bumi dan bangunan di Kota Pontianak. Hal ini kelak akan mendukung tercapainya pembangunan daerah yang berkelanjutan di Kota Pontianak.
THE POSITION OF CHILD TESTIMONY IN SEXUAL OFFENCES IN SHARIAH AND CIVIL LEGISLATION IN MALAYSIA
Authors: Ahmad Asmida , Mohd. Nasran Mohamad  , Mohd. Al Adib Samuri
Published: February 2021

Testimony is an important method of proof of evidence used in courts.  The purpose of this paper is to examine previous studies and research related to testimony by children involved in sexual offences in courts. The focus of this paper would be on the provisions of laws relating to evidence given by a child as an accused and victim; and the procedures applicable in Malaysia based on the three existing courts i.e. Shariah Courts compared with Courts for Children and Courts for Sexual Offences Against Children i.e. to explore relevant issues on its admissibility for further review and reform. The outcome from this study will ascertain whether the current laws are adequate to protect the rights of child during trial.
THE INFLUENCE OF PURCHASING ORIENTATIONS, ONLINE TRUST AND ONLINE PURCHASE EXPERIENCE TOWARD CUSTOMERS' ONLINE PURCHASE INTENTION
Authors: Isa Nasrul Fadhrullah , Imelda Albert Gisip  , Sharifah Nurafizah Syed Annuar  , Nelson Lajuni
Published: February 2021

This study examines the factors influencing customers' online purchasing intentions. A questionnaire was administered to a group of 584 respondents through the purposive sampling method. Data were analyzed via the Partial Least Squares-Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) approach to examine the posited research hypotheses. The PLS-SEM approach revealed that impulse purchase orientation was the strongest predictor of customers' online purchase intention in Malaysia. This was followed by an online purchase experience, and then online trust and quality orientation. It is also discovered that brand orientation does not significantly influence customers' online purchase intention in Malaysia. This research is helpful to online retailers in the development of business strategies and also the academicians to conduct further research by adding a new variable in the mix for generation and evolution of the concept. The originality of the paper is its investigation of the determinants as the predictors in the proposed theoretical framework and the Decomposed Theory of Planned Behavior (DTPB) as the underpinning theory for this study, something that has been overlooked in prior studies. The results underpin new and extensive inputs into marketing theory and enlarge the emergent literature related to customers' purchase intention in online shopping in Malaysia. Directions for future research are offered.
MIGRATION-TRADE NEXUS IN SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA: EVIDENCE FROM A DYNAMIC PANEL STUDY
Authors: ELIJAH SUNDAY , Hanny Zurina Hamzah  , Law Siong Hook  , Shivee Ranjanee Kaliappan
Published: February 2021

This study examines the impact of migration on trade in SSA region. We used the system generalized method of moments (GMM) estimator with data for 45 sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) countries from the period 1981-2015 to examine the relationship between migration and trade. The econometric results of our model for migration is negative and significant, this vindicated and validated the Heckscher-Ohlin theory. Furthermore, the econometric results of this study for GDP showed it is significant and positive, population is negative and significant, and lastly exchange rate shows it is significant and positive. In general, the findings of this study supported the theories and previous studies. The robustness test showed similar results with the main results of this study. Our model has passed all the diagnostic tests that were conducted, that is, the Sargan, AR1 and AR2 tests, they were all consistent and are in line with the theory. Hence, we can conclude that our results from these estimations are valid and reliable. This study recommended that migration in SSA should be on control and watch list where this will aid in reducing migration in large numbers and some of the migration issues which trade is one of them.
The Demographic Variables as the Predictors of the Teaching Competencies of Online Instructors in the Universities of Pakistan
Authors: Bibi Maria , Khurshid Farhana
Published: February 2021

Instructors’ demographic variables plays an important role in their teaching competencies for quality instruction (Aramide, Ladipo, & Adebayo, 2015). The demographic variables includes instructors’ qualification, age, years of teaching experience, and the number of professional training attended.   The main aim of this research was to identify the influence of demographic variables on the teaching competencies of the instructors, teaching in online learning environment. The ‘online teaching competencies (OTCs) matrix was utilized as theoretical framework for current research. This study was conducted in the three universities of Pakistan those who are offering online programs and courses to their students. The sample of the study consisted of 250 instructors, teaching in online learning environment. Data was collected through a Five-point Likert scale questionnaire developed by Bigatel, Ragan, Kennan, May, & Redmond (2012). Multiple regression analysis was applied to analyze the data.   Finding shows that the demographic variables ‘years of experience’ and ‘qualification’ influenced teaching competencies of instructor, as compared to their age and ‘number of professional trainings attended. Findings showed that ‘years of experience’, ‘number of professional training attended’ and ‘qualification’ are the predictor of instructors’ teaching competencies.
A Big Data & Business Intelligence in Government Office Buildings
Authors: Jamaludin Ain Farhana , Muhammad Najib Razali  , Rohaya Abdul Jalil  , Siti Hajar Othman  , Yasmin Mohd Adnan
Published: February 2021

Effective maintenance management requires proper data management for decision-making purposes. Big Data (BD) and Business Intelligence’s (BI) growing trend has created many challenges for government data management in particular. The government finds difficulties in integrating the massive volume of data with high-speed processing due to incapable database management in the current system, and the issues are not appropriately addressed. This paper contributes significantly, which focuses on an intelligent system that lets the government make an integral part of decision-making and can be applied horizontally to solve the problems in practice. Accordingly, an efficient data repository system with real-time analysis is proposed in this paper and it looks at a real case study highlighting the need for proper data management in government.
Credit Risk and Operational Risk Determinants of Conventional and Islamic Banking in Malaysia and Bahrain
Authors: Ahmad Zolkifli Norazwa , Zanita Ismail  , Nurul Syamshida Mokhtar
Published: February 2021

The focus of this study on both Islamic and conventional banks is to consider the unique duality banking system in the countries. Data is obtained from annual reports and websites of selected banks. Financial statements for 10 years beginning from 2009 until 2018 were used for extracting data for analyzing the credit and operational risk using E-view software. Furthermore, panel data analysis were used in combination with time series and cross section. The findings reveal that the determinants of credit risk and operational risk are difference between banking in Malaysia and Bahrain. The banking system will have a solid risk management system that will assist Malaysia and Bahrain to develop a strong economy as well as the possible adoption of risk management by the international banking system.
CSR Programs of Municipal Water Utility Companies for Wetland Communities of South Kalimantan
Authors: Said Laila , Swandari Fifi , Said Meldasari
Published: February 2021

Many studies on Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) analyze the effectiveness and efficiency of private companies' social funds. Only a few studies on CSR programs of municipal utility companies. The municipal utility company is unique because it has a captive market, and the Government regulates the company. These factors impact company's CSR strategy. This study qualitatively analyzed the CSR of municipal water utility companies of Bandarmasih and Intan Banjar. The Bandarmasih, which is located in the city of Banjarmasin, represents urban wetlands. The Intan Banjar, which service area includes Banjarbaru city and Banjar regency, represents rural wetlands. The analysis method was descriptive exploratory through observation, interviews, and focus group discussion. The results showed that the CSR programs had been sufficiently implemented but ineffective to fulfill the wetland community's needs. The CSR programs were sporadic and did not strategically improve the companies' image. The CSR programs were not derived from the companies' vision and mission. There was no formulated social responsibility policy. This current research contributes to designing a 'signature' CSR program under its core business competencies for community welfare. This research is among the first to focus on municipal utility companies' CSR programs concerning communities in wetland areas.
Finding the Gaps between English Skills Needed in the IT Specialists’ Employability (Demand Sides) and Higher Education Institutions (Supply Sides) in Industry 4.0 Era in Indonesia: A Conceptual Framework
Authors: Rahmatika Dewi
Published: February 2021

Nowadays, there is a phenomenon of the increasing number of IT specialists as the effect of Industry 4.0 in many countries. This phenomenon also happens in Indonesia currently. Therefore, companies demand qualified IT specialists’ human resources. However, it is questionable whether Higher Education Institutions (hereinafter, HEIs) could provide qualified IT specialists who have good IT skills or competencies as well as English skills. This study proposes a conceptual framework for doing research to find the gaps between the English materials taught in the HEIs and the specific English required practically on the IT specialists’ workplace.
Pengaruh Keadilan Organisasi dengan moderasi Sikap CSR terhadap OCB
Authors: Syahtiani Yulisza
Published: February 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji pengaruh keadilan organisasi terhadap organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) dengan sikap corporate social responsibility (CSR) sebagai moderator. Responden penelitian ini adalah buruh pabrik SKT PT Djarum, Tbk. di kota Kudus, Jawa Tengah sebanyak 239 orang. Instrumen penelitian yang digunakan adalah skala organizational citizenship behavior, skala keadilan organisasi dan skala sikap corporate social responsibility. Metode analisis data menggunakan structural equation model (SEM) dengan program Lisrel 8.7.Data responden diuji dengan menggunakan 2nd Order Confirmatory Factor Analysis dan analisis full model digunakan untuk menguji pengaruh variabel dengan moderasi. Hasil uji analisa 2nd Order Confirmatory Factor Analysis ditemukan bahwa semua model tergolong fit. Sementara uji analisis full model juga tergolong fit. Kesimpulan hipotesa bahwa Ada pengaruh keadilan organisasi terhadap OCB melalui moderasi sikap CSR.
PENGARUH BUDAYA ORGANISASI, KOMPETENSI DAN KOMPENSASI TERHADAP KINERJA PENGAWAS KETENAGAKERJAAN PADA DITJEN PEMBINAAN PENGAWASAN KETENAGAKERJAAN DAN K3 KEMNAKER RI
Authors: Supriyadi Supriyadi , Widyastuti Tri , Soehardi Soehardi
Published: February 2021

Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui dan menganalisa pengaruh Budaya Organisasi, Kompetensi dan Kompensasi terhadap Kinerja Pengawas Ketenagakerjaan pada Ditjen Pembinaan Pengawasan Ketenagakerjaan dan K3 Kemnaker RI. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh Pengawas Ketenagakerjaan Kemnaker RI dan sample yang digunakan adalah sampling jenuh berjumlah 147 orang. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah Kuantitatif Reseach Methode dengan Analisa pendekatan Structural Equation Model (SEM) software berbasis Lisrel 8.70. Dari hasil penelitian dengan Uji Kecocokan Goodness of Fit (GOF) Confirmatory Model dan uji t value yang dibandingkan dengan t hitung. Hasil pengujian didapatkan hasil Ada pengaruh siginifikan antara variable Budaya Organisasi terhadap Kinerja (nilai t hitung 2.33 ≥ 1.96), Ada pengaruh siginifikan antara variable Kompetensi terhadap Kinerja (nilai t hitung 5.65 ≥ 1.96) dan Ada pengaruh siginifikan anatara variable Kompensasi terhadap Kinerja (nilai t hitung 5.00 ≥ 1.96). Kata kunci: Budaya Organsasi, Kompetensi, Kompensasi dan Kinerja
EVALUASI PENERAPAN PPH FINAL PP 46 TAHUN 2013 PADA PEDAGANG TENANT METROPOLITAN MALL BEKASI
Authors: Nurwati Nurwati , Efriadi Adi Rizfal
Published: February 2021

Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengkaji penerapan PPH Final PP 46 Tahun 2013 yang diterapkan Pedagang Tenan di Metropolitan Mall Bekasi, serta mengevaluasi penerapan dan perhitungan PPH Final PP 46 Tahun 2013 apakah sudah sesuai dengan Peraturan Perpajakan. Pendekatan penelitian yang digunakan adalah pendekatan kualitatif, Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian deskriptif analitis. Dalam penelitian ini studi literature dilakukan melalui pengkajian literature seperti peraturan perundang-undangan, artikel-artikel, buku-buku, baik di media cetak maupun elektronik yang ditulis oleh ahli perpajakan berkaitan dengan pokok permasalahan yang ada dan akan disajikan sebagai landasan dalam menganalisis pokok permasalahan dalam penelitian ini. Hasil pengujian instrument dalam penelitian ini menujukkan bahwa data dalam penelitian valid dan reliabel. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan antara pemahaman wajib pajak terhadap kepatuhan wajib pajak. Semakin tinggi pemahaman wajib pajak maka kepatuhan akan pajak juga akan meningkat. Implementasi Self Assesment System berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kepatuhan pajak. Semakin tinggi implementasi sistem Self Assesment maka tingkat kepatuhannya juga akan meningkat. Persepsi wajib pajak berpengaruh terhadap kepatuhan pajak, Semakin tinggi pemahaman wajib pajak maka akan semakin pula tingkat kepatuhan terhadap pajak. Sanksi perpajakan berpengaruh positif signifikan terhadap kepatuhan pajak. Semakin tinggi/berat sanksi yang diberikan, maka tingkat kepatuhan wajib pajak juga akan tinggiKata Kunci : PPh Final PP 46 Tahun 2013, Pedagang Tenant Metropolitan
PENGARUH KINERJA KEUANGAN TERHADAP RETURN SAHAM PADA PERUSAHAAN MANUFAKTUR
Authors: Avisha Venesa Yurika , Dewi Riana Rachmawati , Masitoh Endang
Published: February 2021

Return saham merupakan imbalan atas keberanian investor dalam menanggung risiko atas investasi yang dilakukannya. Tujuan dalam penelitian ini yakni untuk mengetahui pengaruh Quick Ratio, Earning Per Share, Return On Equity dan Net Profit Margin terhadap return saham pada perusahaan manufaktur. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Bursa Efek Indonesia 2015-2018. Penelitian ini termasuk ke dalam penelitian kuantitatif. Sampel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah 14 perusahaan manufaktur sub sektor industri barang konsumsi yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia pada tahun 2015-2018. Metode pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode purposive sampling. Metode analisis data yang digunakan adalah metode analisis regresi linier berganda, selain pengujian analisis regresi linier berganda juga terdapat uji asumsi klasik dan pengujian hipotesis. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dan pembahasan dapat diketahui bahwa secara parsial EPS, QR, ROE dan NPM berpengaruh signifikan terhadap Return Saham.
New records of Aphodius species from Russia (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae)
Authors: Akhmetova L.A. , Frolov A.V.
Published: February 2021

Four Aphodius species collected in the Astrakhan Province are recorded from Russia for the fi rst time.
Hitherto unknown morphs of two species of the genus Aphis (Homoptera: Aphididae)
Authors: Stekolshchikov A.V. , Leshchinskaya N.V. , Buga S.V.
Published: February 2021

For the fi rst time, Aphis subviridis (Börner, 1940) and A. polygonata (Nevsky, 1929) are recorded from Byelorussia. Geographical points of species registrations are listed. The fi rst descriptions of oviparous females and male of A. subviridis and male of A. polygonata are given.
КӨРКЕМДІК ӘДІСТЕРМЕН ЖАНР ҚАРЫМ-ҚАТЫНАСЫ
Authors: Тлеубекова Б. , Шарипова Г. , Жетписова А.
Published: February 2021

В статье рассматривается взаимосвязь художественного приема с жанровыми структурами. Анализируется роль типа художественного мышления писателя в становлении жанра прозы, особенно романа, в казахской литературе. Автор показывает, что существующие в определенное время методы и течения образуют своеобразные новые формы в литературе. И в этом направлении определяются основные цели.
НАЦИОНАЛЬНО-КУЛЬТУРНАЯ СЕМАНТИКА КОНЦЕПТА «ЧИСЛО»
Authors: Тлеубекова Б. , Кузнецова Т. , Жанкаринова С.
Published: February 2021

В статье анализируется, какое бы число это ни было, оно играет важную роль не только в мировых культурах, но и в жизни отдельного человека.
ПРАВОВОЕ ВРЕМЯ КАК УСЛОВИЕ ДВИЖЕНИЯ ПРАВООТНОШЕНИЯ: НА ПРИМЕРЕ ГРАЖДАНСКОГО ПРАВООТНОШЕНИЯ
Authors: Mashukov R.
Published: February 2021

Статья посвящена изучению правового времени как условия движения гражданского правоотношения. Автор исследует правовое время в сравнении с иными условиями движения гражданского правоотношения, такими как, юридический факт, правовое пространство, правосознание, воля и волеизъявление участников правоотношения. Предлагается авторское видение правового времени как самостоятельного условия движения гражданского правоотношения, подчеркиваются акценты практического его применения участниками такого правоотношения.
PSYCHOLOGICAL ADAPTATION OF MAN LIVING IN ECOLOGICALLY UNFAVORABLE ENVIRONMENT: CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK OF RESEARCH
Authors: Sukhanov A.
Published: February 2021

The author aims to present fundamentals of the psychological adaptation conception researching the population that were born and live in ecologically unfavourable living environment. Psychological adaptation is assumed to be a systemic characteristic of the man-living environment (natural and social) system. The empirical study revealed common but not equal in intensity decrease of psychological adaptation indices performed by subjects who were born and live in Transbaikal Region. The author believes that the discovered decrease is the consequence of the realized special – that of the strategy of minimizing adaptation.
SYNTHESIS AND INVESTIGATIONS OF COMPLEXES METALS CU(II), ZN(II), NI(II) WITH PYRAZINE-2 CARBOXYLIC ACID
Authors: Qasanova S. , Qasanova U. , Mammadova L. , Movsumov E.
Published: February 2021

New complexes of Cu(II), Zn(II), Ni(II) metals with pyrazine -2 carbonic acid have been synthesized and studied by IR-spectroscopy, thermogravimetry, x-ray difraction and the crystal and molecular structure of the Ni(II) complex have been determined using an avtomatic difractometer.
DEVELOPMENT OF A SAMPLE PREPARATION PROCEDURE OF BIOLOGICAL FLUIDS BY SOLID-PHASE EXTRACTION OF PYRROLIDINOPHENONE DERIVATIVES
Authors: Сынбулатов И. , Воронин А.
Published: February 2021

The topical issue of forensic toxicology is the development of sample preparation procedures that provide a high level of selectivity and evidence of the results by gas chromatography-mass spectrometric analysis (GC-MS) with a quadrupole detector. The aim of the study is to develop a technique for sample preparation of biological fluids by solid-phase extraction (SPE) using a model compound phenylpiracetam and to measure its metrological characteristics. Materials and methods. The objects of the study were model samples of biological fluids (blood and urine) with a phenylpiracetam concentration of 20.0-6000.0 ng / ml. The SPE procedure was developed by modifying the separation technique on mixed-type sorbents used in routine practice for screening studies for drugs, including pyrrolidinophenone derivatives. Isopropyl alcohol was used as an eluent for desorption of phenylpiracetam from the molecularly imprinted sorbent. Results. Comparison of the average recovery of phenylpiracetam (for concentration range of 20.0-6000.0 ng / ml) from aqueous solutions, blood and urine samples shows that the recovery from model blood samples is 6% lower than the recovery from aqueous solutions and 4% lower compared to urine samples. The relative errors in determining the degree of extraction from blood samples used to assess the correctness of the sample preparation procedure did not exceed ± 12% for all levels of 20  Евразийский Союз Ученых (ЕСУ) #12(81), 2020

phenylpiracetam concentrations. For the upper concentration level (1500.0 ng / ml), the error is ± 11.5%. The minimum value was observed at an average concentration level of 500.0 ng / ml and amounted to ± 5.3%. The relative errors in determining the degree of extraction from urine samples for all concentration levels did not exceed ± 6%. For the upper concentration level (1500.0 ng / ml), the error is about ± 4%. The precision of the results of phenylpiracetam determining recovery from model blood samples at the lower level of concentrations was 16.1%, at the upper level of concentrations - 6.1%. For urine samples, the precision of the recovery at the lower concentration level was 12.6%, at the upper concentration level - about 5%.
CO-CYCLIZATION OF ETNCO AND ME2CO AS THE RESULTS OF THEIR SELECTIVE INSERTION INTO THE NIOBIUM-CHLORINE BOND
Authors: Ovchinnikova N. , Eremenko I.
Published: February 2021

Development of the new methods for drug production is impossible without reliance on the novel and unorthodox approaches to the synthesis of heterocyclic complexes and compounds.The method is based on the study of new aspects of the of two types of behavior of the coordinated molecules in reaction - their ability to insert into the same transition metal-halogen bond, and their ability to form the unusual heterocyclic ligands, or even molecules after leaving the complex’s coordination sphere. This will make it possible not only to synthesize the already-known compounds under milder conditions, but to also obtain new ones as products of such mixed condensation reactions. On the one hand, this opens up new possibilities for designing and performing the intraspherical "stitching" of ligands and their synthesis with high efficiency and selectivity. 

On the other hand, these reactions can be considered a significant contribution to the fundamental coordination chemistry in terms of illustration of the new modalities of the mutual influence of ligands, namely their ability to stimulate each other for a mutual insertion, and sheds light on the mechanisms of the intraspheric condensation. Oxadiazine derivatives, just like the derivatives of triazine we synthesized and reported previously, could become a foundation for the generation of biologically-active compounds, often containing heterocyclic fragments and frequently used for the treatment of malignant tumors. It can be expected that the developed method will find use in the synthesis of the new classes of potential antitumor compounds.

We have previously found that organic isocyanate not only themselves insert into M-Hal bond, but can also activate the insertion of acetonitrile, the resulting heteromolecular chain of inserted molecules being composed of two MeNCO and one MeCN fragments. Such a structure of this complexes was confirmed be synthesis of striazine derivatives on their base. In this work was to determine optimum condition for the insertion of ethyl isocyanate with acetone into niobium-chlorine bond, as well as their subsequent mixed co-cyclization with obtaining of oxadiazine derivative.
PAKISTAN: THE ROAD TO INDEPENDENCE.
Authors: Demidov A.
Published: February 2021

The article tells about the difficult and controversial path of the country now known as Pakistan to independence. Attention is drawn to the persisting contradictions that did not allow this country to successfully advance along the path of democracy and economic progress.
SOME TRAFFIC SAFETY ISSUES AT UNREGULATED PEDESTRIAN CROSSINGS IN THE CITY
Authors: Volkov V. , Nabatnikova E. , Lebedev E.
Published: February 2021

The groups of participants of the pedestrian and automobile flows, whose actions cause the greatest danger to the occurrence of conflict situations in the zone of unregulated transition, are identified. The factors determining the likelihood of a traffic accident at an unregulated transition are systematized, for which probability estimates of the occurrence of road traffic accidents are calculated. As an estimated parameter, the hazard coefficient of a conflict point of an unregulated transition is proposed, which is determined by the ratio of the probability of a traffic accident in the real-time hourly interval to the average annual probability of a traffic accident reduced to the hourly interval. The dependences of the hazard ratio of an unregulated transition are established on the most significant factors: the speed mode of transport in the area before the transition and the state of the road surface.
ГРАДИЕНТОМЕТРЫ ДЛЯ ПОИСКА ЛОКАЛЬНЫХ ФЕРРОМАГНИТНЫХ ОБЪЕКТОВ
Authors: Lyubimov V. E.
Published: February 2021

Настоящая работа посвящена описанию магнитометров-градиентометров, созданных на основе феррозондовых компонентных датчиков магнитного поля. Приборы предназначены для проведения геомагнитных и поисковых работ в различных условиях и средах с возможностью использования различных средств их перемещения в пространстве.
В ПОИСКАХ КОМПРОМИССА ЗАПОВЕДНОСТИ И ФУНКЦИОНАЛЬНОСТИ ЛАНДШАФТОВ
Authors: Калов Р. , Тогузаев Т.
Published: February 2021

The growing interest in mountainous areas is accompanied by the expansion of the process of involving unique landscapes in economic circulation, which often leads to a disruption of the natural balance. Consequently, the need for a change in the inertial paradigm, reorientation of the development of society to the path of constructing a sustainable system of environmental management is becoming more acute. This idea can be realized through the creation of ecological and economic zones, which imply the implementation of the concept of landscape organization and proportionality on the basis of the conservation and functionality of mountain landscapes.

Background. The main purpose of the article is to actualize the urgent need to find a compromise between the market aspirations of various categories of nature users and the system of protected areas in the mountainous zone of the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic (KBR). To achieve this goal, the following tasks were solved:

identification of the peculiarities of mountain valley landscapes in relation to the concepts of "threshold" and "capacity";

analysis of the possibilities of ecological optimization of the use of functional landscapes;

Евразийский Союз Ученых (ЕСУ) # 12(81), 2020                                                                  5

search for a compromise option for co-development of the main types of landscapes that are of practical importance.

Methods. In accordance with the intended goal and tasks, the authors relied on the following research methods:

using the cartographic method, the centers of the impact of large hazardous natural processes on functional landscapes were considered and their paragenetic connections with adjacent fragments of geosystems were analyzed;

the route method made it possible to trace the indicative connections between disturbed geo-complexes and anthropogenic pressure on the mountain-valley complexes Bashil - Chegem section of the high-mountain reserve;

based on the predictive method, it is recommended to impose an additional tourist and recreational function on mountain-meadow landscapes;

on the basis of an experimental method, the achievement of a critical level of sparseness and death of ageold pines within the forest park landscapes of the Elbrus region was confirmed.

This publication is based on theoretical and empirical studies of Russian and foreign scientists: Isachenko A.G., Kochurova B.I., Beruchashvili N.L., supplemented by the specification of the territory under consideration.
RESULTS OF THE AGRICULTURAL INSURANCE INTRODUCTION PROGRAM AND DEVELOPMENT OPPORTUNITIES IN THE REPUBLIC OF ARMENIA
Authors: Panosyan I.
Published: February 2021

В целях снижения климатических рисков и обеспечения устойчивого развития сельского хозяйства, система страхования сельского хозяйства внедрена и эффективно действует в разных странах мира. В 2019 году Правительство Республики Армения утвердило программу внедрения страхования сельского хозясйтва. В статье подробно анализируются результаты пилотной программы страхования сельского хозяйства в Республике Армения по вопросам посевов, рисков, оценки ущерба, компенсации, а также развития сельскохозяйственной культуры, намечаются шаги, которые необходимо предпринять для дальнейшего развития системы.
МЕРЫ ПОДДЕРЖКИ ПРЕДПРИНИМАТЕЛЬСТВА В УСЛОВИЯХ РАСПРОСТРАНЕНИЯ НОВОЙ КОРОНАВИРУСНОЙ ИНФЕКЦИИ (2019-NCOV) НА ТЕРРИТОРИИ РЕСПУБЛИКИ ДАГЕСТАН
Authors: Ashuralieva J.
Published: February 2021

Исследованы теоретические и практические аспекты поддержки предпринимательства в условиях распространения новой коронавирусной инфекции (2019-nCoV) на территории Республики Дагестан. В целях реализации мер поддержки бизнеса на территории Республики Дагестан реализуется План мероприятий (дорожная карта), по улучшению инвестиционного климата в регионе.
АНАЛИЗ НОРМАТИВНО-ПРАВОВОЙ БАЗЫ ТАМОЖЕННЫХ ПЛАТЕЖЕЙ: В НАЦИОНАЛЬНОМ И НАДНАЦИОНАЛЬНОМ АСПЕКТАХ
Authors: Karastoyanova A.
Published: February 2021

The article studies such an important structural element of the customs regulation within the Union, as customs payments. It considers statistics on collection of customs duties separately for each member country of the Union. Analyzes the regulatory framework(with an emphasis on customs and tax law of the Russian Federation) , which regulates both the national aspects of customs duties and supranational, which forms the law of the Eurasian Economic Union. Parallels are drawn between the national acts of each member country in terms of taxation and the mechanism of customs duties collection.
КОМПЬЮТЕРНОЕ МОДЕЛИРОВАНИЕ В УЧЕБНОМ ПРОЦЕССЕ
Authors: Matiyenko L. , Tatarnikova S.
Published: February 2021

В статье рассматриваются возможности графического моделирования. Техническое моделирование - как метод развития эвристического мышления. Необходимость изучения компьютерной графики для студентов всех технических специальностей.
ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКА СОЦИАЛЬНО-ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКОГО РАЗВИТИЯ МО И РЕКОМЕНДАЦИИ ПО ЕГО СОВЕРШЕНСТВОВАНИЮ
Authors: Polyakova D. , Peftieva E. , Tkachenko Y.
Published: February 2021

В исследовании рассмотрены аспекты социально-экономических процессов, протекающие в МО г. Таганрог посредством анализа статистических данных и официальных проектов бюджета муниципального образования. Выявлены основные проблемы развития локальной территории, разработаны пути их решения с использованием инновационных технологий управления процессами развития экономической составляющей.
ПРОБЛЕМЫ И ПЕРСПЕКТИВЫ ВНЕДРЕНИЯ ЭЛЕКТРОННОГО ГОЛОСОВАНИЯ В УКРАИНЕ
Authors: Knysh V. , Burshtynska D.
Published: February 2021

В соответствии со статьей 69 Конституции Украины народное волеизъявление осуществляется через выборы, референдумы и другие формы непосредственной демократии, а частью первой статьи 38

Конституции Украины гражданам предоставлено право участвовать во всеукраинском и местных референдумах. 

С принятием Избирательного кодекса в 2019 году было установлено совершенно новые правила подсчета голосов. Эти нововведения впервые были применены на практике на местных выборах в октябре 2020 года.

Основным недостатком новой системы является подсчет голосов избирателей. Здесь следует обратить внимание на том, что установление результатов выборов занимает очень длительное время. Продолжительность данного процесса обусловлено различными факторами. В частности, 25 октября 2020 в Украине проводились сразу 4 вида местных выборов - выборы в областной совет, выборы в районный совет, выборы городского головы и выборы в городской / сельской советы.

По мнению авторов, одним из путей решения данной проблемы является введение электронного голосования.
Teknik Pemeriksaan Kedokteran Nuklir Bone Scan di Instalasi Radiologi RSUP Dr. Kariadi Semarang
Authors: Sudaryatmi Nanik , Masrochah Siti , Erfansyah Muhammad
Published: February 2021

Background: A bone scan or commonly referred to as bone print is nuclear medicine examination using a radioactive substance or radiopharmaceutical that is inserted into the body through intravenous injection which aims to help diagnose abnormalities that occur in the bone. This imaging procedure uses a radiopharmaceutical 99mTc-MDP (methylenediphosphonate) is the most commonly used radiopharmaceutical.Methods: The patient will be injected with this radiopharmaceutical at a dose of 15-20 mCi, through the vein in the hand. Imaging can be done as soon as the radiopharmaceutical is injected or after a while to wait for the radiopharmaceutical to be distributed and absorbed by the bone, about 3-5 hours later. Imaging is done by three-phase method, namely the first phase (Vascular phase), the second phase (Blood Pool phase), and the third phase (Total body phase) l.Results: The bone scan method is an efficient examination because in 1x the imaging can provide a complete picture from the head to the foot. Evaluation of results, under normal conditions the distribution of radioactivity in the bone appears symmetrical.Conclusion: In the process of bone metastasis, it can be seen that typical pathological radioactivity can be multiple (multiple hot spots). Malignant tumors can be distinguished from benign tumors by blood pool examination.
ENGINEERING APPLICATION OF WASTE TURNING TOOLS TO SUPPORT WASTE MANAGEMENT IN CAMPUS 7 HEALTH POLYTECHNIC OF MINISTRY OF HEALTH SEMARANG
Authors: Gunawan Asep Tata , Yulianto Yulianto - , Bahri Bahri -
Published: February 2021

Introduction: The government of banyumas district by decree number: 660. 7776/2018 concerning the management of the waste in banyumas district, in which the President's decree strongly recommends the closing of the TPA on January 2, 2019 and urges the management of waste through non-governmental groups (KSM) in trash management 3r (main, reuse and recycling). The application of 3r activities in communities is still hampered largely by the lack of awareness of people sorting waste. The world health ministry of semarang, which has an open land of 2.3 ha (2.3 ha), has an average of 4 m3/ week organic waste. Thus selecting a comprehensive waste management by using a 10-panted run way method, so each week it is used to invert waste from tub one to tub the next. Based on the above description, the formula of the problem in this study is knowing the effectiveness of the waste turning engineering tools in supporting the waste processing process. Methods: Research and Development is a research method that uses to obtain or develop products and test the effectiveness of these products. The turning tool is designed to compare the effectiveness of the waste turning process before and after using the tool. This research was conducted at a waste processing place (composter) at Campus 7 Poltekkes Kemenkes Semarang. The population in this study were all of the campus residents' solid waste generation. The sample of this study was waste in each tub (from tub 1 to 10) compost processing volume of 0.5-4 m3 / week. This study used tables analysis and the average value calculated from the results of sieving the waste. Research and discussion: The design and assembly of a waste turning tool is appropriate and can support the composting process of waste at Campus 7 Purwokerto, Health polytechnic of Ministry of Health Semarang. The volume of waste in basins 1 to 10 is on average around 0.5-4 m3 / week, in each tub per week there is a decrease in waste by an average of about 8-9%, so that starting from basin 1 with a volume of waste 4 m3 / week decreasing in the basin 10 to 0.5 m3 / week. The comparison of manual waste reversal using a machine is as follows:Turning over manual waste takes about 5-7.5 minutes per basin with 4 workers, so it takes 50-75 minutes to reverse 10 basins. Turning the trash with a machine takes about 45-50 seconds withConclusion: A waste turning tool has been proven effective to assist and facilitate the process of waste reversal for the decomposition process in the composting basin at the campus 7 composting place.
A COMPARATIVE STUDY ABOUT THE AMOUNT OF MICROPLASTIC IN POLYETHYLENE TEREPHTALATE (PET) DRINKING WATER THAT WAS EXPOSED AND NOT EXPOSED BY SUN AT ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH LABORATORY OF POLTEKKES KEMENKES SEMARANG AT THE YEAR 2020
Authors: Faizah Atyaf Umi
Published: February 2021

The majority of bottled water industry uses polyethylene terephthalate (PET) bottles as their packaging. When exposed to direct sunlight, this type of packaging is able to cause new compounds in water. Research at the State University of New York states showed that from 259 bottled water in 9 countries, 242 of them contained microplastics. The purpose of this study is to determine whether there are differences in the amount of microplastic in bottled PET containers that are exposed and not exposed to sunlight. This type of research is pre-experimental using the static group comparison design. There are 2 treatment groups: PET bottled water that is exposed and not exposed to sunlight. The results showed that there were microplastics in PET bottled water exposed and not exposed to sunlight. Samples of bottled PET which exposed to sunlight have microplastic’s number of 175 particles/ liter. Whereas bottled water that was not exposed to sunlight has microplastic’s number of 132,25 particles/ liter. Independent t-test showed that the Sig (2-tailed) value was 0,023. This value less than  = 0,05. So, we can say that there were differences between both of them. The conclusion of the study was that there were differences in the number of microplastics between PET bottled water exposed and not exposed to sunlight. As a form of vigilance, the public is advised to deliver PET bottled water from direct sunlight both for distribution and other type utilization of PET bottles for other purposes such as disinfection of water using sunlight (SODIS).
THE EFFECTIVENESS OF UVAERATOR IN REDUCING AIR GERMS AND DUST LEVELS
Authors: Cahyono Tri -
Published: February 2021

Background, school education facilities, including higher education as a place and public facilities for formal education facilities in this country, should be a comfortable place to study. Besides functioning as a place of learning, schools can also be a threat of disease transmission . measurement number of bacteria in the air-conditioned classrooms Wulan R22 (2016) 12.167 CFU / m3 , Nur Latifah (2018) an average of 217.92 colony / hr / ft2 , hadita (2018) 331.6 colonies / hr / ft2 . Research question is how is the effectiveness of UVAerator in reducing the number of air germs and dust levels in the lecture hall R22 building Campus 7 Poltekkes Kemenkes Semarang ? Research objectives is to find the effectiveness of UVAerator in reducing the number of air germs and dust levels in the lecture hall. Research method included a quasi-experimental design with a non-equivalent control group pre test - post test. Data collection by measuring, observational, interview. The variables were temperature, humidity, lighting, air germ count, dust content. Analysis using pairet-t test comparisons and unpaired t test data. Result, the average number of bacteria with no air space UVAerator in the morning is ( 668,00 g / m3 ) and in the afternoon is ( 680.10 g / m3 ) the difference was not significant (p = 0.873), whereas the existing space UVAerator in the morning ( 876.50 g / m3 ) and in the afternoon ( 655.50 g / m3 ) shows significant difference (p = 0.001). The number of room air germs that do not exist and have UVAerator is significantly different (p = 0.002), the number of room air germs that are not there and without any UVAerator is not significant (p = 0.763), while the change in the number of room air germs that does not exist and exist UVAerator has a significant difference (p = 0.015). On average PM10 space dust that has no UVAerator in the morning ( 12.38 ug / m3 ) and in the afternoon ( 17.38 ug / m3 ) shows significant difference (p = 0.008), whereas the existing space UVAerator in the morning ( 11.63 g / m3 ) and day ( 14.50 µg / m3 ) shows that the difference is not significant (p = 0.127). PM10 dust in the room that does not exist and there is no UVAerator ported, the difference is not significant (p = 0.821), the PM10 dust in the room noon and there is UVAerator, the difference shows that it is not significant (p = 0.432), while the change in room PM10 without dust and there is a difference in UVAerator significant (p = 0.004). In conclusion, the effectiveness of reducing the number of air germs without UVAerator on average (4.56%), with UVAerator (-24.52%), the difference was not significant (p = 0.057). The effectiveness of reducing PM10 without UVAerator, mean (60.50%), with UVAerator (38.30%), the difference was not significant (p = 0.369). Suggestion, , It is necessary to control the sound intensity caused by UVAerator by adding aeration bubble breakers. The pump suction power is enlarged to accelerate the circulation of room air.
Single-segment central lumbar spinal stenosis: Correlation with lumbar X-ray measurements
Authors: Yang Fengguang , Wang Yonggang , Ma Yingping , Hu Xuchang , Li Xiangli , Ma Zhanjun , He Xuegang , Gao Yicheng , Yang Yong , Kang Xuewen
Published: February 2021

BACKGROUND: Lumbar X-rays are usually preferred in patients with lower back pain, but lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS) cannot be directly observed on lumbar X-ray films. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study is to explore the correlation between the degree of single-segment central LSS and lumbar X-ray measurements. METHODS: The data of 60 male patients aged 39–78 years with single-segment central LSS were analyzed. Linear correlation analysis was used to determine the correlation between the single-segment central LSS and the various measurement parameters. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to analyze the factors affecting single-segment central LSS. RESULTS: There were significant differences in S1/S0, E, B, L1-5Cobb, and M among the three groups (p< 0.05). S1/S0 was positively correlated with E, B, L1-5Cobb, and M (p< 0.05), but was not correlated with D (p= 0.66). After multiple linear regression analysis, B, L1-5Cobb, and M were independently associated with S1/S0. CONCLUSIONS: The B, L1-5Cobb, and M parameters were independently associated with single-stage central LSS, and would likely be of particular value in evaluating the degree of single-segment central LSS; B, L1-5Cobb, and M served as independent predictors of the degree of LSS. These findings will guide clinicians’ decision-making in the future.