bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Two development theories: Ibn-i-Khaldoun and Wallerstein
Authors: Amirabedini Atousa
Published: December 2013

Purpose

– Each day, many different people in different societies are striving within their daily work to advance society. Every society needs to create ideas for further development and in order to become recognised as developed. The purpose of this paper is to show how different cultures at different times created similar ideas and theories to develop their society.

Design/methodology/approach

– A comparison between the development theories of Ibn-i-Khaldun and Wallerstein's famous “world system theory” is undertaken to show that similar ideas of development were in existence even centuries before. Technically, seminar papers were posted and reviewed on an e-learning platform in order to reach such peer-reviewed assessment in a “Global Studies” curriculum.

Findings

– The paper shows that the similarity between all developed countries is a strong state and extensive economic activity in different areas among cooperative people. All of these three characteristics are measurable and visible in today's western societies, and also centuries before in other countries (the Golden Age of the Muslim World).

Research limitations/implications

– Limits to comparing the two development theories of Ibn-i-Khaldun with Wallerstein's world system theory arise because of the large gap in time and the big cultural differences between the authors of the two theories. There is, on one side, Ibn-i-Khaldun in the thirteenth century whose religion (Islam) played an important role in his development theory and on the other side there is a western author, Immanuel Wallerstein in the twentieth century. In Wallerstein's development theory, religion has almost no role. Another point is that Wallerstein's theory provides a guideline to almost all countries for reaching development but Ibn-i-Khaldun's target countries are the Muslim countries which were experiencing decline at his time.

Originality/value

– Unlike traditional approaches, the present analysis includes early scientific theories from non-European authors. Thus, one of the main objectives of “Global Studies” is fulfilled; namely a trans-disciplinary, globalised perspective.
Re-learning of traditional knowledge in times of modernity
Authors: Enn Rosa
Published: December 2013

Purpose

– The purpose of this paper is to draw attention to an indigenous community that lives in the periphery of Taiwan. The Tao were confronted with modernization beginning with the Japanese colonial time and later through missionary work and Sinicization. These exogenous factors had a major influence on the Tao's traditional lifestyle and cultural habits. After democratization and due to the Tao's empowerment and efforts of multicultural education as well as interactive learning applications, a revitalization of traditional knowledge, and cultural customs became visible.

Design/methodology/approach

– The methodology is inspired by social scientific methods that are common in anthropological research. The data collection are based on ethnographic field work that provides a unique and authentic picture of the subject. Besides participating and systematic and informal observation, qualitative forms of interviews were applied.

Findings

– The paper highlights the influences and dynamics of exogenous and endogenous factors on the traditional lifestyle of an indigenous community in the western Pacific. Due to global influences of modernity, the Tao's spiritual belief lost its importance and the traditional structures of the people began to change. However, the Tao were not only passive toward the transformation to a modern society, but they also contributed to the cultural revitalization on their own in terms of education and teaching management.

Originality/value

– The paper provides valuable insights into an indigenous community in Taiwan and their way of dealing with modernity. After periods of structural discrimination, the people contributed to their own well-being and cultural revitalization with multicultural learning. In recent times, networks with other communities in Southeast Asia and the Pacific region were established to foster the empowerment of traditional ecological knowledge and to develop new adequate teaching technologies.
Technological aids: key barriers and experiences of disabled international students
Authors: Soorenian Armineh
Published: December 2013

Purpose

– Stemming from the doctoral research, the purpose of this paper is to comment on disabled international students’ experiences of using assistive technology and transcription services in facilitating an equal educational experience to that of non-disabled students.

Design/methodology/approach

– By using such qualitative research methods as interviews and a focus group, the aim has been to discuss the benefits gained as well as difficulties encountered whilst utilising these facilities.

Findings

– Thus, a range of barriers to disabled international students in the area of technological support and adaptations based on their identities as “disabled”, “international” and “disabled international” students is identified. This has lead to a further discussion of the extent to which the barriers to the disability services concerned are created, reinforced and exacerbated by the interplay of students’ different identities.

Originality/value

– The absence of any academic research into such unique experiences of disabled international students, particularly in the British context, highlights the original and timely nature of this work.
Managers’ perceptions of older workers in British hotels
Authors: Jenkins Andrew , Poulston Jill
Published: December 2013

Purpose

– The purpose of this research paper is to identify the perceptions and stereotypical views of hotel managers to older employees in the British hotel industry, with a focus on the north of England, and to determine the equal opportunities policies and practices of hotels in relation to older workers and the types of jobs deemed suitable or not suitable for older employees.

Design/methodology/approach

– The method used in this exploratory study was a survey incorporating a postal questionnaire. The questionnaire was sent to 144 hotel managers in hotels with a minimum of 20 bedrooms in the north of England. In all, 36 completed questionnaires were returned. Data were analysed using Predictive Analytics Software (PASW).

Findings

– The results of the survey clearly point to hotel managers having overwhelmingly positive views of older workers (confirming the findings of Magd's, 2003 survey), although some managers did age-stereotype certain jobs as being not suitable or suitable for older hotel workers.

Research limitations/implications

– The principal limitations concern the use of a questionnaire to measure the attitudes of hotel managers, the use of a non-probability sampling technique and the relatively small sample size.

Practical implications

– Given the UK's ageing population and labour shortages in the hotel industry, it is important that hotel managers address negative stereotypical views of older workers and the jobs deemed suitable for these workers.

Originality/value

– As the hotel industry is a major contributor to employment in the UK, a lack of empirical data on managers’ perceptions of older hotel workers is a significant omission that this paper seeks to redress.
When is positive action not positive action? Exploring the conceptual meaning and implications of the tie-break criterion in the UK Equality Act 2010
Authors: Johns Nick , MacBride-Stewart Sara , Powell Martin , Green Alison
Published: December 2013

Purpose

– The purpose of this paper is to explore the claim that the tie-break criterion introduced under the Equality Act 2010 is not really positive action as is claimed by its government sponsors. It evaluates this claim by locating the tie-break into equal opportunities theory, taking into account merit considerations, and reviews its potential implications.

Design/methodology/approach

– A conceptual discussion of the tie-break.

Findings

– The paper concludes that the tie-break is not positive action, nor is it positive discrimination. It employs the framework established by Forbes (1991) and attempts to locate it in theoretical discussions of the need to refine merit to take identity characteristics into account. While it could serve to make a more sophisticated approach to merit possible it fails to achieve its implicit potential in this regard.

Research limitations/implications

– The paper is conceptual and will benefit from empirical support in the future.

Practical implications

– Practically, the tie-break promises to add some greater clarity to the muddled understanding of equal opportunities and diversity that underpins much policy and legislation. As a result it will arguably prove hard to implement and will carry other associated problems.

Social implications

– Socially, the tie-break, mis-represented as it currently is, promises to create greater uncertainty around the nature and purposes of equality of opportunity. Consequently, it could exacerbate tensions and hostilities and promote significant resistance to “equality” measures.

Originality/value

– This paper is an original conceptual piece that will shine a light on an important legal innovation. The tie-break is not what it is described to be and carries both potential and threat for advocates of equality of opportunity. In pursuing socially significant outcomes of this type, conceptual accuracy and transparency are vital, and this paper contributes to this endeavour.
Opting out of corporate careers: portraits from a women's magazine
Authors: Summers Juliette , Ruth Eikhof Doris , Carter Sara
Published: December 2013

Purpose

– The purpose of this paper is to critically explore media representations of opting-out and how these present particular professional identities as appropriate career choices for women. Through an examination of a UK women's magazine the paper looks at how opting-out in favour of work based on traditionally female housewifery skills and attributes is communicated and justified in the texts.

Design/methodology/approach

– The paper adopts a social identity approach to a qualitative content analysis of 17 consecutive monthly magazine features.

Findings

– While the magazine frames women's career choices as unlimited, identity is presented as gendered, biologically fixed and therefore inescapable. The magazine presents opting out as an appropriate route for women based on a “female identity” grounded in traditional female attributes of caring, hosting, baking, etc. However, this leaves women's work open to potentially negative interpretations of these traditional female attributes. The texts appeal to a post-feminist discourse and imply that problems experienced by women in public sphere careers are partly the outcome of the feminism of the 1960s and 1970s.

Research limitations/implications

– Future research should study how readers interpret the texts.

Originality/value

– The paper demonstrates the explanatory potential of using of a social identity approach in the analysis of media texts.
Occupational pay comparisons – easier said than done?
Authors: Findlay Jeanette , Findlay Patricia , Stewart Robert
Published: December 2013

Purpose

– The purpose of this paper is to analyse the challenges in undertaking occupational pay comparisons and why this matters for evidence-based reward management, union bargaining strategies and perceptions of pay equity.

Design/methodology/approach

– The paper draws on the extant literature on pay and undertakes detailed quantitative analysis of teachers pay in Scotland relative to teachers elsewhere in the UK, graduates and other professional occupations in the private and public sectors.

Findings

– The key finding of this paper is that alternative ways of analysing pay comparability produce significantly different outcomes – occupational pay comparisons require the identification of an appropriate comparator and appropriate measures of pay and hours, yet this is not straightforward. Different approaches to comparability may lead to key stakeholders holding widely differing views about pay equity, with employment relations implications.

Research limitations/implications

– Quantitative analyses of pay using large-scale survey data are crucial to understanding relative occupational pay. However, quantitative analyses cannot provide in-depth and nuanced understanding of the nature of particular occupations. Moreover, the paper focuses at the occupational level and does not assess individual employee characteristics that may influence pay.

Practical implications

– These findings should inform employers (especially HR managers), employees and unions on pay policy, pay settlements and bargaining strategies.

Originality/value

– There is relatively little contemporary literature on the importance of, and challenges in undertaking, occupational pay comparisons.
The role of information technology in strengthening human resources for health
Authors: Sarkis Nicole , Mwanri Lillian
Published: December 2013

Purpose

– The purpose of this paper is to discuss innovative ways of addressing human resources for health (HRH) shortage in the Pacific, supported by a review of the literature and the Pacific Open Learning Health Network (POLHN), a programme created in response to the Pacific's HRH concern.

Design/methodology/approach

– A systematic search was conducted of English literature between 1990 and 2012. A number of key words, singly and/or in combination, were used to search for articles on ProQuest and PubMed. Original articles were identified and reference lists scrutinised to obtain additional literature. Due to the paucity of information, only narrative review was conducted and themes emerging from the literature identified and critically reviewed.

Findings

– There is a worldwide HRH shortage and a need to improve the skills of the health workforce to respond to changing population health needs. Continuing education (CE) through use of information technology (IT) is a means to strengthen HRH. POLHN is one example of an initiative to improve health worker skills and motivation. Technological change is increasingly common place in society. To make sense of these changes, practitioners can look for common themes in successful technological innovations of interactivity; information access, creation or sharing; communication; and simplicity. To ensure effective regulation of CE and IT there is a need to incorporate qualitative as well as quantitative measures, to prioritise the creation of quality, relevant, and appropriate resources and to facilitate access and active participation by health workers.

Originality/value

– The paper highlights the complexity of HRH shortage as a global problem, which demands multiple initiatives to respond to the shortage in the pursuit of skilled, equitable and just delivery of health services and distribution of health service providers. One initiative that has worked elsewhere is professional development of health professionals through the provision of CE using IT. Online learning offers a pathway to address HRH shortage and overcomes challenges posed by distance, limited infrastructure and in small remote communities. POLHN contributes to improved skills and knowledge among health professionals who can, as a result, deliver better health services in a region as geographically dispersed and isolated as the Pacific.
Fourth graders’ perceptions about medicines and medicine use
Authors: Kärkkäinen Sirpa , Hämeen-Anttila Katri , Vainio Kirsti , Kontturi Sirpa , Patrikainen Risto , Keinonen Tuula
Published: December 2013

Purpose

– The purpose of this paper is to contribute to the development of medicine education by examining pupils’ perceptions of medicines and medicine use.

Design/methodology/approach

– Fourth graders’ (n=51, aged 10-11) perceptions about medicines and their use were collected in one school through mixed-methods using a questionnaire, a drawing and discussions.

Findings

– Listing several over-the-counter medicines, pupils most frequently perceived that medicines are meant for treating headaches, wounds or temporarily when they are sick or have some pain, and that medicines help to ease symptoms and speed recovery. Pupils mentioned getting information about medicines from the pharmacist, the internet, the physician, as well as from medical packages.

Research limitations/implications

– This study was carried out in one school context and is therefore not necessarily generalizable, it does, however, bring an awareness of concrete pedagogical needs to the debate on health education and was conducted using methods that, to some extent, can be transferred to any school setting.

Practical implications

– These results show that medicine education should already be started in primary school, along with critical thinking skills related to use of the internet.

Social implications

– The development of medicine education may help improve the wellbeing of pupils.

Originality/value

– The triangulation of data used in the paper are in the authors’ awareness unique in the context of medicine education. The results particularly highlight the role of the internet in medicine education, thus suggesting the importance of critical thinking.
Parental provision and children's consumption of fruit and vegetables did not increase following the Food Dudes programme
Authors: Upton Dominic , Taylor Charlotte , Upton Penney
Published: December 2013

Purpose

– This study is based on previous research which suggests that the Dudes programme increases children's fruit and vegetable consumption for school-provided meals by assessing its effectiveness in increasing the provision and consumption of fruit and vegetables in home-provided meals.

Design/methodology/approach

– Two cohorts of children participated from six schools in the West Midlands in the UK, one receiving the Food Dudes intervention and a matched control group who did not receive any intervention. Participants were children aged four to seven years from six primary schools, three intervention (n=123) and three control schools (n=156). Parental provision and consumption of fruit and vegetables was assessed pre-intervention, then three and 12 months post-intervention. Consumption was measured across five consecutive days in each school using digital photography.

Findings

– No significant increases in parental provision or consumption were found at three or 12 months for children in the intervention schools, however, increases were evident for children in the control group.

Research limitations/implications

– Further development of the Food Dudes programme could develop ways of working with parents and children to increase awareness of what constitutes a healthy lunch.

Originality value

– This is the first independent evaluation to assess the influence of the Food Dudes programme on parental provision and children's consumption of lunchtime fruit and vegetables.
“Responsible drinkers create all the atmosphere of a mortuary”
Authors: J. Alexander Matthew , Beveridge Euan , C. MacLaren Andrew , D. O'Gorman Kevin
Published: December 2013

Purpose

– The purpose of this paper is to explore the reaction of customer facing staff and their attitude to the introduction of high profile corporate social responsibility (CSR) programmes; in particular their level of awareness and willingness to implement them.

Design/methodology/approach

– Conducted using a series of site visits and interviews with managers working within the licensed trade, this was followed up with structured interviews of “front line” staff.

Findings

– Despite high levels of awareness of both the social problems relating to alcohol consumption and the legislative changes, engagement with operational CSR was limited and often disinterested. Legal and societal expectations regarding drunkenness are of little concern.

Research limitations/implications

– This paper is concerned with nascent legislation, the full impact and success of which has not yet emerged. Reviewing this study in five years would add to the strength of the results. Limited to Scotland due to its devolved licensing laws, however, it clearly highlights lack of employee engagement with CSR.

Practical implications

– Despite placing CSR issues at the forefront of day to day operations within the licensed trade there is little empirical evidence around customer facing staff engagement. CSR is a dynamic process that relies on the involvement of employees for its successful implementation.

Originality/value

– A new CSR implementation matrix is presented which allows hospitality businesses to be positioned according to levels of both management and employee engagement with CSR policies.
Hotel loyalty programs: how valuable is valuable enough?
Authors: (Karen) Xie Lijia , Chen Chih-Chien
Published: December 2013

Purpose

– This study attempts to examine customers' perceived value of hotel loyalty programs, to identify the relationship between perceived program value and active loyalty, and to examine the effect of perceived program value in determining customers' active loyalty.

Design/methodology/approach

– An extensive sample of 15,000 respondents was randomly selected from a pool of US domestic tourists who previously requested tourism information from the Convention and Visitor's Bureau (CVB) websites across the country. The data for this study were collected using online survey questionnaires. The researchers sent out e-mails, embedding a link to a brief questionnaire and consent form to potential respondents.

Findings

– This study substantiates the impact of perceived program value, particularly the psychological value, on active loyalty. In addition, the study identifies significant differences in perceived financial value and externality value of the loyalty programs.

Originality/value

– This study breaks down loyalty program practices into individual brand levels and compares the perceived program value of 11 major hotel loyalty programs. This provides a better understanding of the perceived program value that may affect active loyalty and explains how the value varies by different hotel loyalty programs. This study offers recommendations on how hotels might craft value opportunities to cultivate the continued engagement of consumers. The results of this study offer insights into the under-researched domain of the drivers of active loyalty in the hospitality context and suggest methods for better strategic management of this loyalty form.
Minding the gap in the gaming industry
Authors: King Penny Wan Yim
Published: December 2013

Purpose

– The aim of this paper is to examine the perceptions female casino dealers have toward gender disparity at work. In particular, the question of whether gender disparity exists, the nature and magnitude of differential treatment, and the effects of the perceived disparity on dealers' work attitudes are investigated.

Design/methodology/approach

– Face-to-face interviews were conducted with 40 female casino dealers recruited from the six major casinos in Macao. The data were subjected to thematic content analysis.

Findings

– The results indicate that female casino dealers have more advantages at work than their male counterparts. These advantages do, however, have some negative effects on the work attitudes of female casino dealers.

Research limitations/implications

– The sample is limited to Macao participants and the sample size is small. Also, only female casino dealers were interviewed.

Practical implications

– This study offers insights to casino operators and academics regarding the perceptions of female casino dealers toward gender disparity at work. It provides recommendations to help offset the disparity and improve female dealers' work attitudes and performance.

Originality/value

– This study fills a research void in the literature. The results challenge the traditional assumption that females face more disadvantages at work than males. The study advocates the need to explore whether gender disparity differs in different work settings in order to avoid the problems of generalization and simplification.
The influence of leader empowering behaviors and employee psychological empowerment on customer satisfaction
Authors: Namasivayam Karthik , Guchait Priyanko , Lei Puiwa
Published: December 2013

Purpose

– This study aims to examine the role that psychological empowerment (PE) and employee satisfaction (ES) play in the relationship between leader empowering behaviors (LEB) and customer satisfaction (CS) and employees' organizational commitment (OC).

Design/methodology/approach

– Data were collected from 365 frontline employees and 2,915 customers at 40 units of a chain restaurant in the USA.

Findings

– Structural equation modeling (SEM) results indicated that LEB influences PE, and PE in turn influences employee satisfaction, which consequently results in higher employees' OC levels and higher customer satisfaction.

Originality/value

– Although recent hospitality research recognizes the importance of employee empowerment and leadership, few studies have focused on leader empowering behaviors and its influence on organizational outcomes. Moreover, potential mediating processes have not received research attention. Addressing this, the current study tests a conceptual model that shows how leader empowering behaviors ultimately lead to customer satisfaction through employee psychological empowerment and job satisfaction. Although, some of these relationships have been studied separately in different contexts, the current work shows the complete process of how leadership is linked to organizational outcomes, which has not been previously studied.
Uncertainty management of projects from the owners' perspective, with main focus on managing delivered functionality
Authors: Petter Krane Hans , O.E. Olsson Nils
Published: December 2013

Purpose

– This paper aims to report on the work on a doctoral thesis studying uncertainty management of projects. The thesis was in particular studying uncertainty regarding the functionality that the project should deliver. The research also addresses how the project owner's views and interests are taken care of, and the relation between the project management and the project owner in this uncertainty management. The purpose of the paper is not only to report the research findings and conclusions, but also to give insight into the research process – the researcher's “journey” in his work with the thesis is described and also some main issues regarding the context of the research.

Design/methodology/approach

– The research work that is reported on was carried out applying a combined research approach utilizing both quantitative and qualitative data. The research was mainly based on two case studies – one made up of two projects in the railway sector, and one consisting of seven projects in the energy sector. In both the studies, qualitative techniques were applied: interviews, observations and documentation studies. In the study in the energy sector, there was also made a quantitative study using data from the risk registers of the seven projects, with a total of almost 1,500 risk items.

Findings

– The study shows that the projects' uncertainty management did not have a project owner's perspective, but was mainly focused on the success factors of the project management. In the quantitative part of the studies, it was found that a great majority (91 percent) of the risk elements in the projects studied were operational risks, i.e. risks mainly concerning the projects' operational goals. Also, most of the projects' risk elements were threats (67 percent).

Originality/value

– There appears to be a paucity of similar studies of uncertainty management in projects undertaken in the project management research literature. Developing a better focus on the project owner and uncertainty regarding the projects' effects was found to be the main value of the work.
Learning about sustainability: an interdisciplinary graduate seminar in biocomplexity
Authors: Mobley Catherine , Lee Cindy , C. Morse John , Allen Jeffery , Murphy Christine
Published: December 2013

Purpose

– The paper aims to report on the experiences moderating an interdisciplinary graduate-level sustainability seminar. Initiated in Fall 2002, the seminar has explored diverse sustainability topics and reached approximately 150 faculty and students. The paper describes how the course shaped participants' perceptions of sustainability and influenced their viewpoints on interdisciplinarity. The paper discusses the implications of this seminar format for communicating about sustainability and provides suggestions for replicating the course at other institutions.

Design/methodology/approach

– Information about the course is complemented by analyses of the results of 15 in-depth interviews of students and faculty who have participated in the course.

Findings

– The course facilitated positive outcomes for students and faculty by expanding their familiarity with interdisciplinary perspectives on sustainability and environmental issues, increasing respect for other disciplinary perspectives, learning the basic vocabulary of disciplines outside their area of expertise, and strengthening collaborations between faculty. The course can be strengthened with more involvement from colleagues from the humanities and social sciences, and with attention to equal participation from all involved.

Originality/value

– The experience is unique in that it represents a nearly decade-long initiative to teaching about sustainability and biocomplexity from an interdisciplinary perspective. The innovative format, content, and pedagogical approach used for this course can be easily implemented in other disciplines. The learning community has facilitated other teaching and research endeavors. This model of sustainability education can advance understanding of complex environmental issues at a time when both interdisciplinarity and sustainability are becoming more common in higher education.
The physician of Packingtown: the life and impact of Dr Caroline Hedger
Authors: D. McLarty Benjamin , A. Rosen Peter
Published: December 2013

Purpose

– The aim of this paper is to illustrate the instrumental role of physician Caroline Hedger during the first half of the twentieth century, with her emphasis on worker health, which influenced American society and helped to improve working and living conditions of people across the USA.

Design/methodology/approach

– Drawing on archival newspaper clippings, original journal articles and books written by the subject, historical manuscripts and other labor history resources, this manuscript pulls together information on this topic in a unique way to give a broad view of the impact of Hedger and her important role not only for the city of Chicago, but the nation as a whole.

Findings

– This research concludes that Hedger was an instrumental force and tireless advocate for the improvement of public health and social change. She was a constant driver for the creation of better living and working conditions of poor laborers, especially immigrants and women, desired the enhancement of child welfare, and was also helpful in supporting the labor movement and educating those involved in the process.

Originality/value

– This is the first manuscript to explore the role played by Caroline Hedger in relation to her impact on the importance of the health of workers and their families. Her story is a testament to the powerful effect of a single person in a dynamic world, and demonstrates how understanding a worker's health contributes to greater insights about management history.
Institutional entrepreneurship as emancipating institutional work
Authors: Smothers Jack , J. Murphy Patrick , M. Novicevic Milorad , H. Humphreys John
Published: December 2013

Purpose

– The aim of this paper is to propose an action-interaction-process framework to extend research on institutional entrepreneurship. The framework examines an actor's characteristics, interactions in an institutional context, and the process by which entrepreneurial action is accomplished.

Design/methodology/approach

– Via a sociohistorical archival method of narrative analysis, the action-interaction-process framework is applied to an exemplary case of institutional entrepreneurship – the case of James Meredith and the integrationist movement at the University of Mississippi in the 1960 s.

Findings

– The findings show that institutional entrepreneurs who maintain little power and influence over the institutional field must form strategic alliances to mobilize constituents and capitalize on the convergence of resources in the social setting.

Practical implications

– Through the process of collective action, institutional entrepreneurs can overcome resistance to change and displace inequitable institutional policies, while establishing new practices and norms.

Originality/value

– This research provides a stronger approach to examining institutional entrepreneurship and institutional entrepreneurs, the interaction between the institutional entrepreneur and the social context in which the individual operates, and the process by which inequitable institutionalized norms are reformed through collective action. This approach is useful to researchers examining institutional entrepreneurship or any area in which power disparity plays an important role.
A review of the North American Society for Sport Management and its foundational core
Authors: S. Seifried Chad
Published: December 2013

Purpose

– The aim of this paper is to explore the development of the North American Society for Sport Management (NASSM) and to map the foundation that specific individuals, historical works, and historians provided the founders of that organization and the field of sport management in general. The paper also aims to track the early beginnings of sport management and present sport as a viable area for business and management historians to conduct their research and discuss theory.

Design/methodology/approach

– Following the initial work started by deWilde et al., this study drew on a wide range of primary and secondary sources and took an antiquarian and reconstructionist approach. Specifically, time-specific sport-related/focused dissertations, research articles, and archives from NASSM, along with published books and archives, were used to work toward the purpose of the study.

Findings

– This paper illustrates that some of the critical founding members of sport management and NASSM drew upon the training of historians, with special emphasis from business history, and reacted to specific prompts to create the field (i.e. sport management). “History” and trained historians directly impacted the field of sport management by helping to establish NASSM, the Journal of Sport Management, and graduate study programs, in addition to fashioning the first field accreditation standards and seminal textbooks needed to educate the generalist or specialist sport management student.

Research limitations/implications

– This research only tracks the beginnings of sport management and focuses on the contribution of “history” toward its development. This work recognizes there were other influences that were critical to the development of sport management.

Practical implications

– Over time, sport management scholars have moved away from their small historical base and more toward true quantitative preferences. While this has helped the field gain some respectability within contemporary preferences, the re-utilization of historical methods and/or perspectives can help serve the future of sport management and business/management history research toward the study of emerging topics. Through collaboration sport management's leadership can realize the potential of the historical approach/orientation and management historians can enjoy another outlet to communicate their thoughts regarding management topics and theories.

Originality/value

– The paper highlights that sport is rich in context and available to use for the study of management theory and behaviors.
Tax services, consequence severity, and jurors' assessment of auditor liability
Authors: M. Thornton John , K. Shaub Michael
Published: December 2013

Purpose

– The purpose of this research is to determine whether the type of tax services provided by a public accounting firm to its audit client and the consequence severity of an audit failure impact jurors' assessment of audit quality and auditor liability.

Design/methodology/approach

– The authors administer a court case to 168 jurors manipulating three levels of tax services provided to an audit client (none, tax preparation, and aggressive tax planning services); two levels of consequence severity of the alleged audit failure, observing the impact on jurors' assessment of audit quality, auditor responsibility for audit failure; and damages awarded the plaintiff.

Findings

– Consistent with recent US regulations, jurors perceive the quality of the audit to be lower when auditors provide aggressive tax planning services, but not for tax preparation services. Damages are greater when auditors provide aggressive tax planning services across both levels of consequence severity.

Research limitations/implications

– The results indicate that the type of tax services provided may impact jurors' views of audit quality and damage assessments against auditors. The questionnaire uses previously validated measures, but the results may not be generalizable to jurors in all jurisdictions.

Practical implications

– Though empirical evidence is mixed at best about the impact of auditors providing non-audit services on auditor independence in fact, auditor independence in appearance, and thus audit quality, such impacts may affect the way jurors perceive the situation.

Originality/value

– The study directly tests the implications for auditor liability of new restrictions on tax services and more accurately measures the impact of consequence severity, using actual jurors.
Effects of wet-oxidized 4H-SiC annealed in HNO3/H2O vapour
Authors: Poobalan Banu , Hyun Moon Jeong , Kim Sang-Cheol , Joo Sung-Jae , Bahng Wook , Ho Kang In , Kim Nam-Kyun , Yew Cheong Kuan
Published: December 2013

Purpose

– The high density of defects mainly attributed to the presence of silicon oxycarbides, residual C clusters, Si- and C-dangling bonds at or near the SiO2/SiC interface degrades the performance of metal-oxide-semiconductor (MOS) devices. In the effort of further improving the quality and enhancement of the SiC oxides thickness, post-oxidation annealed by a combination of nitric acid (HNO3) and water (H2O) vapor technique on thermally grown wet-oxides is introduced in this work. The paper aims to discuss these issues.

Design/methodology/approach

– A new technique of post-oxidation annealing (POA) on wet-oxidized n-type 4H-SiC in a combination of HNO3and H2O vapor at various heating temperatures (70°C, 90°C and 110°C) of HNO3solution has been introduced in this work.

Findings

– It has been revealed that the samples annealed in HNO3+ H2O vapour ambient by various heating temperatures of HNO3solution; particularly at 110°C is able to produce oxide with lower interface-state density and higher breakdown voltage as compared to wet-oxidized sample annealed in N2 ambient. The substrate properties upon oxide removal show surface roughness reduces as the heating temperature of HNO3solution increases, which is mainly attributed due to the significant reduction of carbon content at the SiC/SiO2interface by C=N passivation and CO or CO2out-diffusion.

Originality/value

– Despite being as a strong oxidizing agent, vaporized HNO3can also be utilized as nitridation and hydrogen passivation agent in high temperature thermal oxidation ambient and these advantages were demonstrated in 4H-SiC.
Creativity for service innovation: a practice-based perspective
Authors: Giannopoulou Eleni , Gryszkiewicz Lidia , Barlatier Pierre-Jean
Published: December 2013

Purpose

– The success of service innovation is largely dependent on creativity. So far, however, the question of how to reinforce creativity in the development of innovative services, while being an important managerial issue, has not attracted much attention from the academics. The purpose of this paper is to fill in this gap, by studying what constitutes capabilities for reinforcing creativity in service innovation, from a practice-based perspective.

Design/methodology/approach

– Through the theoretical lens of the resource-based view we set out to conduct three case studies in highly service-innovative European research and technology organisations (RTOs). Through 24 interviews and analysis of secondary sources, we collect our data, which are then analysed from a multi-case perspective, in order to gain understanding on the resource-related practices and resulting capabilities for reinforcing creativity in service innovation.

Findings

– By studying the resource-related practices of reinforcing creativity in service innovation, this study brings about seven relevant capabilities; namely attracting, stimulating, combining, providing, breeding, opening up and accepting. In this perspective, our work represents an important theoretical contribution in terms of explicitly proposing specific capabilities for reinforcing service innovation creativity.

Originality/value

– The research is original for a couple of reasons. First, creativity in service innovation has not been explicitly studied before, especially through empirical research. Second, our findings offer a set of original capabilities propositions that can be practically applied in service-innovative organisations. Finally, our research is carried out in a novel field, as RTOs have rarely been studied regarding service innovation-related creativity, even though they represent a very interesting type of organisations in this perspective.
Commentary on “The personalisation challenge: personalisation for people with learning disabilities and behaviour described as challenging”
Authors: Giraud-Saunders Alison
Published: December 2013

Purpose

– The purpose of this paper is to provide a commentary on the themes of the paper by Lingard et al. on personalisation for people whose behaviour is described as challenging.

Design/methodology/approach

– This paper draws on recent reports and the author's experience to describe the context within which development projects are operating and the range of development that is required to support personalised solutions.

Findings

– There are plenty of resources available to support change; these have limited effect unless the local partners (councils, NHS bodies and others) work together to provide the conditions for success.

Originality/value

– Evidence is drawn together from a number of current sources.
The Mental Health Act. vs the Mental Capacity Act. Is the MHA losing its edge?
Authors: Watts John , Mackenzie Robin
Published: December 2013

Purpose

– The purpose of this paper is to explore the clinical implications of the case of AM and the ruling that the Mental Health Act no longer has primacy over other legislation in certain treatment situations.

Design/methodology/approach

– Critical case analysis and discussion.

Findings

– The Mental Capacity Act Deprivation of Liberty Safeguards could be used more widely, and in preference to the Mental Health Act, but this may cause problems to clinicians and other decision makers such as Mental Health Tribunals.

Originality/value

– This case and its findings have not been widely discussed in academic or clinical practice literature.
Destination leadership and the issue of power
Authors: Stilling Blichfeldt Bodil , Hird John , Kvistgaard Peter
Published: December 2013

Purpose

– Studies of destination management and leadership may over-emphasize unity and collaboration, thus producing romanticized accounts for such processes. This paper discusses destination leadership from a less romanticized perspective – pointing to the various ways in which it intertwines with power.

Design/methodology/approach

– The authors focus on the relationship between destination leadership and power networks offering a fresh look at the reality of collaborative processes in destinations. By exposing the latent or manifest networks of complex power relations in destinations, the authors disentangle the analysis of destination management and leadership from romanticized perspectives. A non-conventional vignettes approach is applied.

Findings

– The concept of power offers more realistic descriptions and “thick” conceptualizations of destination leadership. Moreover, the predominance of more inclusive and bottom-up approaches to destination development necessitates advances in understandings of power relations at work at the destination. Furthermore, if DMOs are to successfully establish themselves as destination leaders, they need to position themselves in the midst of the power networks entailing relationships and interactions with and between destination stakeholders.

Originality/value

– The paper demonstrates that power is not a characteristic of individual actors, but is instead a characteristic of relations. Moreover, power is defined as a potential and might therefore be latent and only occasionally be activated. Furthermore, in a destination multiple power-relations co-exist, effecting attempts to lead the destination. Therefore, the paper points to the existence of a series of bases of power and effects hereof on destination leadership.
The Financial Crisis and the Hegemony of Urban Neoliberalism: Lessons from Frankfurt am Main
Authors: Schipper Sebastian
Published: December 2013

In view of debates among critical urban scholars regarding the relationship between the current economic crisis and the stability of neoliberal hegemony on the urban scale, this article analyzes (1) the impact of the economic recession on the city of Frankfurt am Main, and (2) whether urban politics in the German financial center will witness a new phase of post‐neoliberalization. Statistical analyses of the local labor and property markets and of municipal budget trends reveal that the implications of the current crisis are relatively limited, especially when compared to the dot.com crisis in the early 2000s. Furthermore, a discourse analysis of the debates in the Frankfurt City Council between 2008 and 2010, supplemented by interviews with local political elites, shows that neoliberal hegemony remains stable and powerful regardless of the deep economic decline and a short period of uncertainty and intensive hegemonic struggles. In my analysis I focus on the power of neoliberal subjectivity and knowledge production in order to try and explain the deepening of the general consensus among local elites by demonstrating that a broad majority of actors from different political parties interprets the crisis within a neoliberal rationality.