bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
History of national sex surveys in Europe
Authors: Kontula Osmo , Clifton Soazig
Published: November 2023

The historical background of European national sex surveys dates back to the late 1960s and early 1970s when the first such surveys were conducted in Europe. That was an era of Western sexual revolution, a time of increasing openness to discussion and debate of sexual issues, and legal reforms in many countries. During this period, there was a growing interest in understanding sexual behaviour, attitudes, and modern contraceptive use in the general population. Evidence was also needed for sexuality education that was emerging in some European countries. Despite this need for evidence, only a few countries (Sweden, Finland, France) conducted national surveys on the topic in the early 1970’s, becoming pioneers in national sex surveys in Europe and in the world. It was the HIV and AIDS epidemic of the 1980s that gave more researchers and funders the impetus to conduct sex studies in many European countries. As a result, medical perspectives on sexuality became prioritised around Europe. Balancing the perspectives of the diverse disciplines (including public health, sociology, psychology) that use the data from national sex surveys remains a challenge for the modern surveys.  The European Sexual Medicine Network (ESMN) is a part of European cooperation in science and technology (COST), which includes a strand of work on national sex surveys among the adult population. Since 2021, a subgroup of nationally representative sex surveys, co-chaired by Osmo Kontula and Hanneke de Graaf have worked together to further the field. This submission is based on a review of the literature, combined with Kontula’s personal reflections following a history of participation in European collaboration in this field since the early 1990s.
The Luck of the Draw: Wellcome's Institutional Fund for Research Culture
Authors: Lewis-Wilson Shomari , Towers Sonya , Wykeham Harriet
Published: November 2023

Wellcome's Institutional Fund for Research Culture (IFRC) closed call is an invite-only grant call in 2023. It is a departure from Wellcome's previous methods of institutional funding, providing institutions with up to £1m of grant funding to take on ambitious projects that advance research cultures and research environments that are equitable, diverse and supportive. Recognising the broad range of topics and ideas for advancing positive research cultures, IFRC is the first ever Wellcome-funding scheme to use partial randomisation to allocate funding. Applications were grouped by a funding committee into three categories (Gold, Silver and Bronze), with the applications selected for Gold being directly recommended for funding and all applications in the Silver group being set for funding by the randomiser. Applications grouped into Bronze were not funded. To ensure that this activity Wellcome's principles for openness and transparency, we have included the Python script for the call here. IFRC comes when efforts to fund positive and inclusive research cultures are mainstream. Similar efforts to support research culture activities at scale have come from the Research England Development (RED) Fund, and the next iteration of the Research Excellence Framework (REF 2028) will also mark 25% of the assessment criteria for people, culture and environment. IFRC was not designed with the national picture in mind but is a testament to Wellcome's values as an inclusive funder. The range of projects and geographies that IFRC will fund is exciting.Still, it also threw up several interesting social and philanthropic research questions we want to explore in future community-facing activities following the call. We hope that findings from IFRC projects become a valuable resource for institutions wishing to improve their research cultures and a catalyst for future change and discussion within the sector that makes academic careers more inclusive.
The genome sequence of the brown sea anemone, Metridium senile (Linnaeus, 1761)
Authors: Adkins Patrick , Bishop John , Mrowicki Rob , Blaxter Mark L. , Modepalli Vengamanaidu ,   Marine Biological Association Genome Acquisition Lab,   Darwin Tree of Life Barcoding collective,   Wellcome Sanger Institute Tree of Life programme,   Wellcome Sanger Institute Scientific Operations: DNA Pipelines collective,   Tree of Life Core Informatics collective,   Darwin Tree of Life Consortium
Published: November 2023

We present a genome assembly from an individual Metridium senile (the brown sea anemone; Cnidaria; Anthozoa; Actiniaria; Metridiidae). The genome sequence is 390.9 megabases in span. Most of the assembly is scaffolded into 16 chromosomal pseudomolecules. The mitochondrial genome has also been assembled and is 17.44 kilobases in length.
Fundamentals of informatization and mathematical modeling of ecological systems
Authors: Butusov Oleg , Meshalkin Valeriy
Published: November 2023

The concept, theory and methodological foundations of environmental informatics are presented, the tools of informatization and digitalization of technogenic-natural systems are described, methods of mathematical modeling of ecological systems in industrial areas are considered. The main methods of ecological informatics, methods of mathematical and computer modeling of quasi-static (long-term) dynamics of ecosystems are described. The theoretical foundations of calculating the "dose-effect" dependencies as the main indicators of the degree of impact of industrial emissions on the environment are presented. The results of practical application of mathematical models of woodlands are given. The purpose and architecture of decision support systems for environmental protection are described; the principles of automated organizational and managerial decision-making to reduce emissions of hazardous chemicals into the atmosphere are outlined.
Meets the requirements of the federal state educational standards of higher education of the latest generation.
For undergraduates and undergraduates studying in the field of training "Energy- and resource-saving processes of chemical technology, petrochemistry and biotechnology". It can also be used by undergraduates and undergraduates studying in the areas of training "Technosphere safety" and "Organization and management of high-tech industries".
Finance, money circulation and credit
Authors: Korshunova Lyudmila , Prodanova Natal'ya , Zacarinnaya Elena , Bondarenko Tat'yana
Published: November 2023

The textbook systematically presents educational material that gives a holistic view of the essence, functions and role of finance, the structure of the financial system of the Russian Federation, the functional foundations of financial management and financial control, the principles of the organization of the budget system and the budget process in the Russian Federation, the appointment of state extra-budgetary funds, the principles of the organization of finances of economic entities, as well as reflecting other relevant questions. To self-check the completeness of mastering the educational material, tests of current control are placed at the end of each chapter.
Meets the requirements of the federal state educational standards of secondary vocational education of the latest generation.
It is intended for students of secondary educational institutions studying in the specialty 38.02.06 "Finance". It can also be used as a textbook for students studying in other economic specialties and areas of training.
Auscultation of the heart
Authors: Oslopov Vladimir , Mishanina Yuliana , Oslopova Yuliya , Hazova Elena
Published: November 2023

The textbook reveals a problem called "auscultation of the heart". Theoretical issues related to the origin of heart tones and noises are presented, classical and modern interpretations are given with the use of the concept of "Aeolian harp". The necessary characteristics of tones and especially heart murmurs are considered. Using the example of acquired and congenital heart defects, the significance of auscultation of the heart is demonstrated, when a doctor, presenting an auscultative picture of the features of tones and then heart murmurs, can make a diagnosis at the patient's bedside, thereby preserving the currently lost academicism and the art of healing.
The publication contains original drawings, as well as phonocardiographic images of heart tones and noises necessary for the didactic process. As an additional explanation of the pathogenesis of heart murmurs, several echocardiographic images are also presented. New information is given on the diagnosis of diseases of internal organs, namely the heart, from the perspective of studying one of the most difficult physical techniques — auscultation of the heart, and in it — heart murmurs.
Meets the requirements of the federal state educational standards of higher education in the areas of training 31.05.01 "Medical care", 31.05.02 "Pediatrics", 32.05.01 "Medical and preventive care", the work program on the discipline "Propaedeutics of internal diseases" and is intended for students of 2-3 courses.
Organization of the process of preparing complex cold culinary products
Authors: Eyduk Irina
Published: November 2023

The textbook is designed to assist students studying in the specialty "Technology of public catering products" in terms of mastering the main activity — the organization of the process of preparing complex cold culinary products.
It includes lecture material that allows you to acquire theoretical knowledge, as well as practical and control-evaluation tasks that contribute to the acquisition of practical experience and the formation of professional and general competencies in accordance with the Federal State Educational Standard for this module.
Meets the requirements of the federal state educational standards of secondary vocational education of the latest generation.
It is intended for students of secondary vocational education studying in the specialty 19.02.10 "Technology of public catering products".
Riskology
Authors: Sigal Anatoliy , Bakumenko Mariya , Remesnik Elena
Published: November 2023

The textbook outlines the main sections of the theory of economic risk. The manual focuses students on the development of methods and models of managerial decision-making in the economy, with special attention paid to the analysis of risks of investment projects. The presentation of the theoretical material is illustrated by numerical examples.
Meets the requirements of the federal state educational standards of higher education of the latest generation.
For students of higher educational institutions studying in the field of training "Business Informatics".
Reformers, nonconformists, dissidents in the USA (XVII - XIX centuries)
Authors: Alent'eva Tat'yana , Filimonova Mariya
Published: November 2023

The monograph examines the problems of US history related to the development of the reformist and dissident movement during the XVII-XIX centuries. There are civilizational, socio-cultural, ethno-cultural conditions for the emergence of nonconformist moods. Special attention is paid to the anti-slavery movement, which most vividly expressed public protest against the state's policy on the issue of slavery. The article also analyzes the activities of President A. Lincoln during the Civil War.
The authors focus on essays on the lives of extraordinary personalities: William Penn, Ethan Allen, Hugh Henry Breckenridge, Noah Webster, Henry Carey, Thomas Cooper, Fanny Wright, Horace Mann, Charles Sumner, John Fremont, Thomas Higginson. These are not just biographical sketches, as the contribution of these outstanding Americans to solving the pressing problems of American reality is characterized. Some of the personalities are analyzed in domestic American studies for the first time.
It is designed for specialists in the field of history and humanities, students, bachelors, masters, postgraduates and anyone interested in the history of the United States.
Promising tools for supporting and developing the economy of electronic games and esports in Russia
Authors: Averin Aleksandr , Pozdnyakov Konstantin , Grigor'eva Valentina , Ivanova Yuliya , Aleeva Gul'nara , Bart Tat'yana , Shvagzhdiene Biruta , Zagulova Diana , Lokteva Tat'yana , Vinokurov Artem
Published: November 2023

The monograph reflects the theoretical and methodological foundations of the development of the economy of electronic games and esports. Recommendations on the development of the esports industry in Russia as one of the ways to preserve and develop human potential are presented. Special attention is paid to promising tools for supporting and developing the economy of electronic games and esports in Russia. The experience of the authors of popular publications and the results of Russian and foreign scientific research in the field of economics of electronic games and esports are summarized.
For undergraduate and graduate students studying in the areas of training "Management", "Economics", "Physical culture and Sports".
Educational language policy in the modern world
Authors: Marusenko Nataliya
Published: November 2023

The monograph examines a wide range of problems related to the sociology of bilingual education. Bilingual education is considered both in historical and territorial-social aspects, which makes it possible to create a typology of forms and models of bilingual education used in different countries and regions of the globe. An analysis of global trends in the development of bilingual education in the era of globalization shows that the ideology of bilingual education imposed by the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund leads to the reproduction of social inequality and the strengthening of the privileges of local elites with access to Western models of education.
It is intended for a wide range of specialists, students and postgraduates interested in the problems of educational language policy and the organization of bilingual education.
Information resources and tools in the researcher's work
Authors: Gureev Vadim , Mazov Nikolay
Published: November 2023

The publication is aimed at developing the skills of competent work with scientific and technical information. The textbook consists of an introduction and five chapters. The introduction provides general information about the functioning of scientific information. The first chapter describes the most reputable publishers of scientific literature, examines the search capabilities of publishing platforms, discusses the advantages and disadvantages of the open access model, and touches on the problem of unscrupulous publishers. The second chapter
talks about databases of scientific publications and journals, describes the principles of working with their tools. The third chapter is devoted to information about the identification of objects of bibliographic description. The fourth chapter includes information about the classification systems of scientific information. The fifth chapter describes bibliometric indicators and the principles of their competent use. Each chapter ends with questions and tasks for self-control, practical tasks and a list of recommended literature. As examples, the textbook mainly uses thematic resources on Earth sciences, but the information presented can be useful to specialists of other disciplines.
For university students, undergraduates, postgraduates and junior researchers.
Ecosystem formats and digital models in the transition of the region to a new technological order
Authors: Kuimov Vasiliy , Simonov Konstantin , Scherbenko Eva , Yushkova Lyudmila , Tereschenko Natal'ya , Mel'nikova Tat'yana , Ananina Rimma , Kirillova Svetlana , Cacorin Aleksandr
Published: November 2023

The materials of the monograph are based on the authors' long-term research on new areas of business development and their interactions in the context of digital transformation and the paradigm of sustainable development. The research summarizes both theoretical approaches and the practice of developing a new post-industrial economy in the Siberian region. It is shown that in the regions, in the macro-regions, the most massive businesses of agro-industrial, forestry and tourism complexes and organizations of social infrastructure have the main features of business ecosystems and can interact on the basis of digital platforms and digital models, achieving high-quality results and obtaining network effects, including in the implementation of the integrated investment project "Yenisei Siberia" and development Angara-Yenisei macroregion. Intersectoral and interregional clusters of these businesses and enterprises of vertically integrated businesses in the regions, organizing their interactions with partners, consumers and the state on the basis of digital platforms and digital models of their consolidated production and distribution systems, can serve as a transitional stage to such coordinated interaction.
It is intended for scientific and practical business workers, management specialists, including regional government bodies and federal management structures in regions and federal districts.
Operational management in the field of tourism and hospitality
Authors: Kosheleva Anna , Lebedeva Ol'ga , Ponimatkina Lyudmila , Astaf'eva Ol'ga
Published: November 2023

The textbook reveals the basic concepts and examines modern trends in the development of operational management in the field of tourism and hospitality, the essence of business processes, aspects of the formation of an operational strategy, examines the operational foundations of the formation of tourist and hotel products, a range of additional services, analyzes practical examples. There are also questions and tasks for self-control and recommended literature.
Meets the requirements of the federal state educational standards of higher education of the latest generation.
For students studying in the areas of training 43.03.02 "Tourism", 43.03.03 "Hotel business".
The social wealth of human society
Authors: Sazhina Muza
Published: November 2023

The monograph reveals the key socio-economic problems of the innovative economy in the development of human society: its content as a knowledge economy and its role in evolutionary development; human capital (living intelligence) as the main resource of the innovative economy. Great importance is attached to the institutional support of innovation through a system of institutions and mutually beneficial contracts.
For students, postgraduates and teachers of economic and managerial areas of training and specialties, as well as anyone interested in this topic.
Virtual communication space: interaction between government and society
Authors: Romashkina Al'bina
Published: November 2023

The monograph is devoted to the Internet communication space as one of the key resources of the political sphere of activity. The article describes the emergence of new, previously non-existent forms and ways of interaction between different social groups, individuals and strata of society; the formation of interactive platforms for public discussions, where subjects of communication can accumulate and articulate their opinions, design and change public and individual consciousness. The article highlights the need for government institutions to maintain the ability to manage society, and for the political system to respond to the changes taking place; the possibility of personalized user management based on their psychological characteristics in the interests of the initiators of communication. The article reveals the mobilization potential of the Internet space, used by various actors to attract various groups of the population and civil society institutions to political participation and increasing the importance of communication processes in the political governance of modern states; the expansion of the political segment of the Internet, allowing the use of modern digital technologies to implement various tasks, including ensuring the stability of the political system. The digital communication space is considered as a competitive environment, where the struggle between different political actors for the possession, interpretation and transmission of information as one of the key resources of power increases, which can contribute to the formation of new totalitarian and authoritarian regimes based on new communication technologies. It is characterized by the possibility of changing the consciousness of individuals with the help of information they receive in the online space to achieve the goals of various actors in real life, which gives new meaning and significance to the problem of freedom of information and communication in connection with the development of digital communication technologies.
For students, postgraduates and teachers of political science universities and faculties, as well as a wide range of readers interested in issues of interaction between government and society in the virtual communication space.
Music as an element of spiritual culture is a powerful factor of integration and universalization of the entire spiritual life of society
Authors: Shipovskaya Lyudmila
Published: November 2023

The monograph is devoted to the ability of music in different phases of its functioning (creation, performance, perception) to convincingly demonstrate the associative and code principles of consciousness — mutual connection, induction and "translation" (encoding and decoding) of its various aspects, structures (in particular, emotional and rational) and levels (for example, individual and general, concrete and abstract). It is highlighted that music unites people, helps to resist disunity, indifference, feelings of loss and uselessness in the big world. It is revealed that the unifying power of music is manifested not only when a huge auditorium lives in one breath, when it freezes at once or suddenly bursts into a storm of applause in a single burst; a person feels this power, even if the sounds flow from a television or radio receiver.
Spiritual culture should be addressed only to a person, it has a beneficial effect on a person's behavior, his work activity and the whole way of life. The socio-cultural significance of musical art is dramatically increasing in the context of a radical transformation of our society. It should ensure the assimilation of spiritual values that form the foundation of human life.
It is intended for the widest audience of readers — from students of children's music schools and art schools to students of humanities faculties of universities and lovers of musical art.
Changing the Institution of Power in Post-Soviet Russia: activist-activity approach
Authors: Sitnova Irina
Published: November 2023

Changing the institution of power is a dynamic and ongoing process. The monograph examines the change in the qualitative characteristics of power, as well as the existing models of changing the institution of power in Russia, presents the theoretical view of the activist-activity approach shared by the author.
It is intended for all those who seek to understand the deep processes that determine the parameters of Russia's development.
Innovation management. Methodological tools
Authors: Artyakov Vladimir , Chursin Aleksandr , Ostrovskaya Anna
Published: November 2023

The textbook contains the basics of the theory and practice of innovation management in the conditions of modern market trends. New approaches and tools for innovation management are described, taking into account the peculiarities of knowledge-intensive industries that are the driving force of the country's economy.
Practical issues of innovation management are considered in order to increase the competitiveness of products and organizations.
Meets the requirements of the federal state educational standards of higher education of the latest generation.
It is intended for students, postgraduates and university teachers who train personnel in economics and management; it can be recommended to managers and specialists of companies involved in the process of innovation management.
Community School Model: Is It an Alternative for School Closures in Rural Territories?
Authors: Supule Inese
Published: November 2023

In the light of rural depopulation and a decreasing number of schoolchildren, municipalities with rural territories face a question regarding whether to close small rural schools or seek alternatives for school operation. The analysis of a quantitative survey of rural municipalities and rural schools is focused on these main questions: what are the extended functions of rural schools with pupils less than 100, and whether the community school model in rural municipalities may be considered as an alternative to school closures in the context of depopulation of rural territories. The results of quantitative surveys are supplemented and explained by the data of 58 in-depth interviews with different stakeholders, living or working in rural areas. The main findings show that rural schools and municipalities positively evaluate the approach of community schools with extended functions, and partly it is an adaptation strategy for the diminishing number of pupils. However, extended functions and the community school model do not serve as an important argument for keeping a school open, but as a means for attracting pupils from neighbouring municipalities, and is a form of competition between municipalities. The article is prepared with funding from the EEA/Norwegian Financial Mechanism 2009–2014 under Project Contract n° NFI/R/2014/014.
Commemorating the 100th Anniversary of The Polish Peasant in Europe and America
Authors: Krajewska Malwina
Published: November 2023

The paper refers to the centennial of The Polish Peasant in Europe and America written by William Isaac Thomas and Florian Znaniecki along with the overview of commemorating events and publications. Moreover, it consists of commentary on the collective work of various scholars published in Contemporary Migrations in the Humanistic Coefficient Perspective.
The impact of EU development policy on the governance capability of peripheral regions
Authors: Finta István
Published: November 2023

The internal resource-based development of peripheral regions – which are still to be defined precisely and accepted universally – is a constant challenge for the European Union and the Member States, which is difficult to address in the form of a schematic recipe. An important aspect of this complex issue is the existence and success of local governance, which, based on its own internal characteristics alone, can mobilise a community, without which the chances of making further progress are bleak. Governance and the issue of peripheral regions together, at least at the EU level, are reflected in the EU’s development policy. This paper, based on the analysis of EU documents and the Hungarian local and regional experience, aims to investigate whether the European Union is able to assist peripheral regions to catch up, and if so, in what form and through what mechanisms, and what conditions and requirements-related to governance – may be necessary for successful catching up, which may at the same time lead to the success or failure of EU objectives.
Development of Air Defence in the United States between 1917 and 1945
Authors: Radomyski Adam
Published: November 2023

The article presents the results of academic research focusing on the origins and development of anti-aircraft artillery in the United States which was to guarantee the safety of American soldiers fighting in the First and Second World Wars. The findings of this study confirm that, in the early days, knowledge of the phenomena occurring in the air dimension of armed struggle was primarily empirical. As early as 1916, Alexander Graham Bell warned of the possibility of air raids on the United States. Over the next 25 years, experts conducted research into air defence, which became crucial in its subsequent development. The basis for the development of air defence was the emergence of a new weapon at the end of the First World War, i.e., anti-aircraft artillery. Basing on the experience of the United States from the First World War in the interwar period, air defence began to be seen in terms of a system whose main task was to detect and destroy enemy aviation, attacking troops, civilians and facilities at the rear of the front.

Considering the outlined problem scenario and the subject of the research, it was assumed that the aim of the article will be to discuss the stages of the development of air defence in the United States in the years 1917–1945 and the experience of US anti-aircraft artillery gained on the fronts of the First and Second World Wars.
Foreign Policy Issues of the Republic of Turkey and the United States in the Period after the End of the Cold War until the 2020
Authors: Makaradze Emzar , Makaradze Beka
Published: November 2023

At the beginning of the 21st century, in 2002, a new political era began with the arrival of Recep Tayyip Erdogan and the Islam-oriented Justice and Development Party (AKP) at the head of the Republic of Turkey, which was gradually followed by changes in both foreign and domestic policy of the country.

The main ideologist of modern Turkey’s foreign policy is one of the founders of the Justice and Development Party and Erdogan’s ally, former Foreign Minister and Prime Minister Professor Ahmet Davutoglu, who outlined the strategic priorities of Turkey’s foreign policy in his pioneering work Strategic Depth. In his doctrine, Ahmet Davutoglu argues that Turkey has “strategic depth” that allows it to pursue an independent foreign policy and claims to be the leading state in the region.

As we know, the Republic of Turkey is located at the crossroads of Europe and Asia. According to the doctrine, precisely because of its geographical position and historical ties, it has a desire to influence all these regions (the Middle East, the Balkans, the Caucasus, Central Asia, the Mediterranean, the Persian Gulf, and the Black Sea), what is considered the core of neo-Ottoman ideology.

Neo-Ottomanism implies a shift of the Turkish political vector from West to East. Since the beginning of the 21st century, neo-Ottomanism as an ideology has become a force responsible for the shape of political life of Turkey. According to the ideology of neo-Ottomanism, the Republic of Turkey must get rid of the subordination of the United States, which will allow it to put itself on a par with such states as Britain, France, Russia, and China.

Neo-Ottomanism is the main ideological direction of the new foreign policy of the Republic of Turkey. One of the arguments used by Erdogan and his party in moving from a parliamentary to a presidential model is the fact that the country needs a government that is almost as strong and centralized as the Ottoman Empire. At the same time, the president himself and his entourage constantly emphasize that the Turks are the “heirs of the Ottomans” and that the country must return to its former glory and strengthen its political, economic and cultural influence in the former territories of the Ottoman Empire.

Thus, neo-Ottomanism is part of the official ideology of the Justice and Development Party and the basis of the country’s new identity, shaped by the political elite over the years. Although there is no direct indication of Turkish regional hegemony in the “strategic depth”, most analysts, especially in the West, believe that the expansion of spheres of influence mentioned in the doctrine is, in fact, nothing more than the restoration of Turkey’s monopoly hegemony in the region, but this times by means adapted to the modern era, in particular through the use of political, economic and cultural expansion and other “soft power” tools.
Familial renal glucosuria presenting as paroxysmal glucosuria and hypercalciuria due to a novel SLC5A2 heterozygous variant
Authors: Van Lerberghe Robin , Mahieu Elien , Vanuytsel Johan , Vanhaute Karen , Vanfraechem Celine , Claeys Laurens
Published: November 2023

Familial renal glucosuria (FRG) is a rare genetic disease characterised by isolated glucosuria in the absence of proximal tubular dysfunction. It usually occurs due to a mutation in the SLC5A2 gene encoding the sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2), responsible for most of the renal glucose reabsorption. We report on a case of a patient presenting with paroxysmal glucosuria and hypercalciuria due to a novel SLC5A2 heterozygous variant.
Perioperative management of patients with neuroendocrine tumours
Authors: Yeung Emily
Published: November 2023

Octreotide is the cornerstone of perioperative management of neuroendocrine tumours, but there is no universal agreement on the optimal regimen. This article discusses the evidence for its use during different parts of the perioperative pathway.
Posture planning method for complex feature measurement using a single-line laser scanner
Authors: ShengQuan Feng , Qi Li , JianXin Huang , Xiang Chen
Published: November 2023

A single-line laser scanner is commonly utilized for measuring complex surfaces and contours. However, achieving automatic implementation of this scanner poses challenges in terms of designing a measurement posture that considers measurement accuracy, path planning, and the positioning of auxiliary equipment. This ensures non-interference during the measurement process. In this study, we focus on the application of T-SCAN. First, we construct a measurement posture parameter model for T-SCAN and analyze the viewpoint position’s coverage of the measurement area. Second, we propose a measurement path planning method based on scanning posture to minimize overlapping areas. Lastly, we present a measurement station planning method based on scanning postures and analyze the transfer error of the measurement targets to establish a unified measurement field. Experimental results demonstrate that, after the posture adjustment process, the average distance deviation between the measurement data and the theoretical model is significantly reduced.
Rigorous higher-order Poincaré optical vortex modes
Authors: Babiker M. , Koksal K. , Lembessis V. E.
Published: November 2023

The state of polarization of a general form of an optical vortex mode is represented by the vector ϵ^
m
, which is associated with a vector light mode of order m>0. It is formed as a linear combination of two product terms involving the phase functions e±imϕ times the optical spin unit vectors σ∓. Any such state of polarization corresponds to a unique point (Θ
P
,Φ
P
) on the surface of the order m unit Poincaré sphere. However, albeit a key property, the general form of the vector potential in the Lorenz gauge A=ϵ^
m
Ψ
m
, from which the fields are derived, including the longitudinal fields, has neither been considered nor has had its consequences been explored. Here, we show that the spatial dependence of Ψ
m
can be found by rigorously demanding that the product ϵ^
m
Ψ
m
satisfies the vector paraxial equation. For a given order m this leads to a unique Ψ
m
, which has no azimuthal phase of the kind e
i
ℓ
ϕ
, and it is a solution of a scalar partial differential equation with ρ and z as the only variables. The theory is employed to evaluate the angular momentum for a general Poincaré mode of order m yielding the angular momentum for right- and left- circularly polarized, elliptically polarized, linearly polarized and radially and azimuthally polarized higher-order modes. We find that in applications involving Laguerre–Gaussian modes, only the modes of order m≥2 have non-zero angular momentum. All modes have zero angular momentum for points on the equatorial circle for which cos⁡Θ
P
=0.
Cancer cell detection by plasmonic dual V-shaped PCF biosensor
Authors: Abdelghaffar M. , Gamal Yusuf , El-Khoribi Reda A. , Soliman Wafaa , Badr Y. , Hameed Mohamed Farhat O. , Obayya S. S. A.
Published: November 2023

In this paper, a highly sensitive plasmonic photonic crystal fiber (PCF) biosensor is reported for cancer cell detection. The modal analysis of the reported biosensor is performed using the full vectorial finite element method. The suggested PCF sensor has dual V-shaped groves to enhance the sensor sensitivity where two gold nano-rods are mounted on the etched surfaces. The main idea of the optical sensors is to track the electromagnetic coupling between the leaky core mode and the surface plasmon mode (SPM) at the metal/dielectric interface. When the SPM and one of the fundamental core modes are phase-matched, strong coupling occurs. Therefore, maximum confinement loss is achieved for the core-guided mode at the resonance wavelength, which depends on the analyte refractive index (RI). The V-shaped groove enhances the core/SPM coupling where high RI sensitivity of 24,000 nm/RIU is achieved along the RI range from 1.38 to 1.39, with a resolution of 2.703×10−6RIU. The potential of using the suggested RI sensor for cancer cell detection is then demonstrated. In this context, high sensitivities of 23,700 nm/RIU, 8,208 nm/RIU, and 14,428.6 are obtained for basal, cervical, and breast cancer cells with resolutions of 4.22×10−6RIU, 12.18×10−6RIU, and 6.93×10−6RIU, respectively. The achieved sensitivity and resolution are higher than those of the recently reported cancer biosensors. Moreover, the developed label-free biosensor is safer than other chemical and surgical techniques.
Influence of the interaction geometry on the fidelity of the two-qubit Rydberg blockade gate
Authors: Vybornyi I. , Gerasimov L. V. , Kupriyanov D. V. , Straupe S. S. , Tikhonov K. S.
Published: November 2023

We present a comparative analysis of physical constraints limiting the quality of spin entanglement created using the Rydberg blockade technique in an ensemble of trapped neutral 87Rb atoms. Based on the approach developed earlier in Phys. Rev. A 106, 042410 (2022)PLRAAN1050-294710.1103/PhysRevA.106.042410, we consider the complete multilevel Zeeman structure of the interacting atoms and apply our simulations to two excitation geometries featured by different transition types, both feasible for experimental verification. We demonstrate that the blockade shift strongly depends not only on the interatomic separation but also on the angular position of the atom pair with respect to the quantization axis determined by polarization of the driving fields. As an example, we have estimated fidelity for a promising design of a CZ gate, recently proposed by Levine et al. [Phys. Rev. Lett. 123, 230501 (2019)PRLTAO0031-900710.1103/PhysRevLett.123.230501] for various possible experimental geometries. Anisotropic effects in entangling gates considered here are important for the optimal choice of proper geometry for quantum computing in two- and three-dimensional arrays of atomic qubits and are of considerable interest for quantum simulators, especially those that are designed for anisotropic physical models.
Sub-nanosecond free carrier recombination in an indirectly excited quantum-well heterostructure
Authors: Perlangeli M. , Proietto F. , Parmigiani F. , Cilento F.
Published: November 2023

Nanometer-thick quantum-well structures are quantum model systems offering a few discrete unoccupied energy states that can be impulsively filled and that relax back to equilibrium predominantly via spontaneous emission of light. Here we report on the response of an indirectly excited quantum-well heterostructure, probed by means of time and frequency resolved photoluminescence spectroscopy. This experiment provides access to the sub-nanosecond evolution of the free electron density, indirectly injected into the quantum wells. In particular, the modeling of the time-dependent photoluminescence spectra unveils the time evolution of the temperature and of the chemical potentials for electrons and holes, from which the sub-nanosecond time-dependent electron density is determined. This information allows to prove that the recombination of excited carriers is mainly radiative and bimolecular at early delays after excitation, while, as the carrier density decreases, a monomolecular and non-radiative recombination channel becomes relevant. Access to the sub-nanosecond chronology of the mechanisms responsible for the relaxation of charge carriers provides a wealth of information for designing novel luminescent devices with engineered spectral and temporal behavior.
Nonlinear evolution of modulational instability under the interaction of Kerr nonlinearity with pure higher, even-order dispersion
Authors: Wang Zhiteng , Mao Yifu , Ling Xiaohui , Zhang Lifu
Published: November 2023

We investigate the nonlinear evolutions of modulation instability (MI) under the interaction of Kerr nonlinearity with pure higher, even-order dispersion (HEOD) by using the truncating method of three-wave mixing. For any HEOD, we find the phase-plane topological structure of the MI changes in three frequency regions whose ranges depend on the order of HEOD. And we present the novel types of nonlinear evolutions of the MI, which do not exist in the case of quadratic dispersion. Taking the pure-sextic dispersion as an example, the theoretical predictions of the MI evolutions are confirmed by numerically solving the modified nonlinear Schrödinger equation. Our results not only further deepen the understanding of MI, but also provide a universal guideline for experimental investigation of nonlinear waves, such as breather solitons or rogue waves excitation, in nonlinear Kerr media with pure HEOD.
Wavelength switching technique for phase interrogation of Mach Zehnder interferometer-based optical sensors
Authors: Bui Lam Anh , Chen Hao , Chan Erwin H. W.
Published: November 2023

A method for determining the phase shift of a Mach Zehnder interferometer (MZI) is presented. It is based on switching the wavelength of continuous wave (CW) laser light illuminating the MZI and measuring the interferometer output amplitudes at DC and switching frequency. The method can measure the MZI phase shift unambiguously over the entire phase shift range of 2π. A practical proof of concept demonstration shows that the method can perform real-time measurement with high repeatability and accuracy limited by the optical frequency drift and power fluctuation of the lasers. The method does not require modifications of the sensor or accessing to the laser electronics and also uses simple detection. It is, therefore, suitable for bio and medical sensing applications.
Neodymium laser-pumped ultra-low noise tunable Brillouin fiber laser around 920 nm
Authors: Prakash Roopa , Darwich Dia , Dixneuf Clément , Guiraud Germain , Traynor Nicholas , Corre Kilian Le , Robin Thierry , Florentin Raphaël , Laroche Mathieu , Bertoldi Andrea , Santarelli Giorgio , Hilico Adèle
Published: November 2023

We have developed an ultra-low noise tunable Brillouin fiber laser exhibiting three orders of magnitude better frequency noise performance than the Neodymium-doped fiber laser pump and remarkable optical signal-to-noise ratio exceeding 80 dB suitable for immediate applications in coherent nonlinear conversion, quantum computing and underwater communications. In addition, we have implemented a custom optical phase-locked loop to ensure long-term stable operation and have investigated its impact on frequency noise. We demonstrate the power scalability of the single frequency (Hz-class) Brillouin laser, delivering over 500 mW with tunability across the 900 nm to 930 nm range in an all-fiber fully polarization-maintaining architecture.
Spectroscopic and imaging considerations of THz-TDS and ULF-Raman techniques towards practical security applications
Authors: Singh Khushboo , Aalam Uzair , Mishra Ajay , Dixit Nimish , Bandyopadhyay Aparajita , Sengupta Amartya
Published: November 2023

Nitrogen-containing high-energy organic compounds represent a class of materials with critical implications in various fields, including military, aerospace, and chemical industries. The precise characterization and analysis of these compounds are essential for both safety and performance considerations. Spectroscopic characterization in the far-infrared region has great potential for non-destructive investigation of high energetic and related compounds. This research article presents a comprehensive study of common organic energetic materials in the far-infrared region (5–200 cm-1), aiming to enhance security measures through the utilization of cutting-edge spectroscopic techniques. Broadband terahertz time-domain spectroscopy and ultra-low frequency Raman spectroscopy are employed as powerful tools to probe the vibrational and rotational modes of various explosive materials. One of the key objectives of this present work is unveiling the characteristic spectral features and optical parameters of five common nitrogen based high energy organic compounds towards rapid and accurate identification. Further, we have explored the potential of terahertz reflection imaging for non-contact through barrier sensing, a critical requirement in security applications. Based on the spectral features obtained from the spectroscopic studies and using advanced imaging algorithms we have been able to detect these compounds under various barriers including paper, cloth, backpack, etc. Subsequently, this study highlights the capabilities of the two techniques offering a pathway to enhance their utility over a wide range of practical security applications.
GPU-accelerated full-field modelling of highly dispersive ultrafast optical parametric oscillators
Authors: Robarts Sebastian C. , Hunter Diana E. , Reid Derryck T. , McCracken Richard A.
Published: November 2023

We demonstrate GPU-accelerated modelling of ultrafast optical parametric oscillators (OPOs) via the χ(2) nonlinear envelope equation with 1265× improvement in execution time compared with a CPU-based approach. Incorporating an adaptive step-size algorithm and absorbing boundary conditions, our model is capable of simulating OPOs containing long (>10 mm) nonlinear crystals or significant intracavity dispersion with outputs generated in less than 1 minute, allowing the investigation of systems that were previously computationally prohibitive to explore. We implement real-world parameters such as optical coatings, material absorption, and non-ideal poling domains within quasi-phase matched nonlinear crystals, producing excellent agreement with the spectral tuning behaviour and average power from a previously reported prism-based OPO. Our digital twinning approach provides a low-cost iterative development platform for ultrafast OPOs.
Polarization helicity and the optical spin-orbit Hall effect
Authors: Song Tiegen , Hu Huajie , Li Hehe , Li Xinzhong
Published: November 2023

The optical spin-orbit Hall effect manifests the separation of the spin angular momentum (SAM) and the orbital angular momentum (OAM), yet it can be obtained for the radially polarized light and well controlled by the initial phase of the polarization state which leads to the twist of its distribution. In this paper, we introduce the polarization helicity to characterize the effect of the initial phase of the polarization states in the optical spin-orbit Hall effect. We find the polarization helicity of the radial polarization state can be modulated by changing its initial phase, and the polarization helicity of the high-order polarization state always is zero. We show that the separation magnitude of the SAM and the OAM reach the maximum value when the initial phase of the radial polarization state equals π/4 (or −π/4). The sign of the SAM and the OAM are determined by the polarization helicity of incident light and the anisotropy of uniaxial crystal, and its evolution follows a sinusoidal function. Furthermore, the polarization state of the incident radially polarized light will evolve into the left-handed (or right-handed) elliptical polarization state as the change of the polarization helicity of incident light. Our studies further deepen the understanding of the spin-orbit coupling of the vector beams, and provide a potential technique for modulating the polarization state of the light in uniaxial crystal.