bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Assessment of medication adherence in patients with rare diseases: a systematic review
Authors: Haygarova Iva , Pavlikyanova Petya , Pesheva Marina , Ganov Nikolay , Kamusheva Maria
Published: December 2024

Background: The study aims to critically analyze the scientific literature concerning methods for assessing medication adherence (MA), the factors that influence it, medication adherence-enhancing interventions (MAEIs), and the consequences of medication nonadherence (MNA) among rare diseases (RDs) patients.

Methods: Following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines, a systematic search was conducted on PubMed’s electronic database until 26 January 2024, regardless of the publication year or type. All identified articles were exported to Rayyan and Mendeley software tools to remove duplicate papers. Two authors independently reviewed the selected articles to determine their relevance to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Articles that did not provide summarized reports of MA in patients with RD, did not have full text available, sufficient information in the abstract, or an English translation were excluded. One investigator entered the study data into the extraction table, and another verified it for accuracy and completeness. A protocol has been registered on the Open Science Framework platform. The risk of bias was assessed using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool and the Joanna Briggs Institute tools.

Results: Twenty-nine studies met the inclusion criteria, along with 20 additional studies from our previous published scoping review. MA among patients with RD exhibited considerable variability, with prevalent assessment measures including the Morisky Medication Adherence Scale (n = 6), questionnaires (n = 7), databases/registries (n = 5), and a combination thereof (n = 5). The most common factors associated with MNA were patient- and therapy-related. Notable risks of MNA included hospital admissions and disease worsening. Educating patients and considering their preferences were the most frequently used MAEIs.

Conclusion: Efforts are crucial to ensure the timely assessment, reporting, and enhancement of MA. The lack of a specific approach adopted via the national legal framework might be recognized as one of the main factors for neglecting MNA issues in this group of patients.
Étudier les sports de combat à l’aune du processus de civilisation de Norbert Elias
Authors: Venet Stéphane , Clermont Thomas
Published: December 2024

Cet article étudie les sports de combat à la lumière du processus de civilisation théorisé par Norbert Elias. Il présente d’abord le cadre théorique de sa sociologie, avant d’expliquer en quoi celui-ci peut s’appliquer au sport. Pour finir, il montre en quoi le concept éliasien d’« équilibre de la tension » est particulièrement pertinent au sujet des sports de combat.
La fabrique sociale de la performance sportive
Authors: Schotté Manuel
Published: December 2024

La réussite sportive est triplement un produit social. Elle dépend tout d’abord de l’existence de structures de détection et de formation d’élites sportives qui conditionnent les performances d’un groupe national. Elle est ensuite fonction d’un ensemble de conditions extra-sportives qui déterminent la forme prise par la carrière sportive. Elle résulte enfin du jeu social spécifique qui s’engage durant l’interaction compétitive.
L’empreinte environnementale des Jeux olympiques : un aperçu historique
Authors: Vonnard Philippe , Pabion Lionel
Published: December 2024

Les Jeux olympiques sont l’incarnation des méga-événements mondialisés caractéristiques de la fin du xx e siècle, avec une forte empreinte environnementale, générée notamment par les déplacements de personnes et par la construction d’infrastructures ad hoc . La mise en perspective historique souligne la construction progressive de ce modèle sportif très peu sobre écologiquement, en particulier depuis la grande accélération de la consommation énergétique des années 1960.
Sports et classes sociales : les inégalités en pratique
Authors: Lagarde Marin , Claron Camille
Published: December 2024

Cet encadré examine les relations entre sports et classes sociales au prisme de la distribution des activités sportives dans l’espace social et de l’influence du milieu social dans la socialisation à la pratique sportive.
Entre normes et représentations : le genre du sport
Authors: Galy Marie-Françoise
Published: December 2024

Spécifier les liens qui unissent sport, corps et genre permet de comprendre comment s’opère et se maintient la suprématie du « masculin » sur le « féminin » dans le champ sportif. Les normes corporelles et sportives assurent une hiérarchisation sexuée et font du sport un miroir grossissant des inégalités de genre présentes dans toutes les sphères de la vie sociale. Qu’elles soient compétitives ou non, professionnelles ou amatrices, les pratiques physiques et sportives mettent au jour des rapports de pouvoir symbolique et économique largement défavorables aux femmes, basés sur des représentations limitantes et essentialisées.
L’alpinisme, un « quasi-sport » au service d’une élite sociale et masculine
Authors: Moraldo Delphine
Published: December 2024

L’alpinisme est une pratique inventée dans l’Angleterre victorienne du milieu du xix e siècle par des hommes des élites sociales britanniques qui en définissent les valeurs, les principes et les règles ; en un mot « l’esprit ». Cet esprit incarne des valeurs sportives amateures et bourgeoises que les alpinistes vont s’efforcer de défendre coûte que coûte, estimant l’alpinisme menacé par les évolutions qui marquent alors les autres sports : la démocratisation, la professionnalisation, la marchandisation.
Les résistances à la marchandisation du sport : l’exemple de l’intervention de l’État dans le sport en France au xx e siècle
Authors: Caritey Benoît
Published: December 2024

De nos jours, nul ne conteste que le sport soit une source de revenus et de profits. Pourtant, jusqu’aux années 1980, les représentations dominantes dans le monde sportif placent la pratique amateure au-dessus du sport professionnel. En quoi et comment ces représentations ont-elles évolué ? L’objet de cette contribution est d’étudier l’évolution de l’intervention de l’État dans le sport en France au xx e siècle, d’un soutien exclusif au sport amateur à l’acceptation du sport commercial.
Application of the Gordon Loeb model to security investment metrics: a proposal
Authors: Carfora Maria Francesca , Orlando Albina
Published: December 2024

Cyber risk is a significant concern for all types of businesses. The consequences of a cyber attack can be quite severe. Investing in security to mitigate the impact of such risks is a crucial task, both in terms of the frequency and the severity of cyber incidents. In this paper, we propose a practical application of the Gordon and Loeb model, thereby suggesting a methodology to estimate risk exposure and reconsidering some investment evaluation metrics. Our findings strongly support the claim that maximizing the expected net benefit of an investment solely at the optimal level is not sufficient for sound decision-making. On the contrary, incorporating metrics that evaluate the benefit in relation to risk and consider worst-case scenarios offers deeper insights.
Records From a Disappearing Temple: A Note on the “King and Queen” in the Painted Gallery at Kuh-i Khwaja
Authors: Grenet Frantz
Published: December 2024

This article reexamines a wall painting discovered in 1925 and 1929 by Ernst Herzfeld in the Painted Gallery of the great Parthian-Sasanian temple complex at Kuh-i Khwaja in Iran (Sistan-Baluchestan province). The painting subsequently disappeared and today it can be studied only from Herzfeld’s photographs (hardly usable), sketch, and watercolors, kept at the Smithsonian’s National Museum of Asian Art. It shows a royal or aristocratic couple standing in a schematic architectural setting. No interpretation has so far been attempted. It is proposed that the couple is standing at the entrance of a fire chamber (such as the real one that exists at the back of the temple) and that the man holds a written scroll (already identified as such by Herzfeld according to a scribbled note), which probably contains a deed of endowment. The costumes are Sasanian but not royal Sasanian, while the type of the woman’s crown is documented in Kidarite-Hephtalite Bactria. A date is proposed in the fourth or fifth century. The man could belong to the vassal dynasty of the Sagānshāhs or be a later Sasanian governor.
A Manchu Bannerman and his Aim of Archery 一位滿洲旗人與其所著《射的》
Authors: Hudgins Austin M.
Published: December 2024

Historians of the Qing have made plain the importance of archery to Manchu culture. Such understanding, however, is drawn largely from sources associated with the Manchu emperors and their conservative cultural campaigns that urged Manchu bannermen to recondition themselves in the “Manchu Way.” What is less understood by historians is how Manchus themselves viewed and approached archery. This article provides an annotated translation of the Aim of Archery (Gabtan i jorin), the only extant archery treatise from the Qing written in Manchu by a Manchu bannerman. It was authored by Yehe-Nara Changgiyūn (1702-1789) and completed in 1770. The treatise not only describes forms and techniques that Manchu bannermen used to do archery, but also offers insight into how a particular Manchu bannermen thought about and conceived of it.
清史學界對射箭在滿洲文化中的重要性已經多有論述。然而，已有著述主要參考來源於滿人君主致力於在旗人中灌輸保守的“滿洲之道”的文化政策，而對一般滿人自己如何看待射箭知之甚少。本文提供了现存唯一一部由在清代由滿洲旗人撰寫的滿文射箭专著之完整译本及詳細注釋。該書由葉赫那拉氏常鈞 (1702-1789）於1770年撰寫，題為《射的》（滿文標題Gabtan i jorin）。該書不僅描述了旗人射箭的姿態和技術，同时也展示了這位滿洲官僚及學者對箭術的思考和见解。
« (Néo)-locuteurs » ? Repenser la catégorie à l’aune de situations migratoires
Authors: Villa-Perez Valeria
Published: December 2024

Dans cette contribution nous menons une réflexion sur la catégorie sociolinguistique de néo-locuteur en partant d’une étude de cas et en nous appuyant ensuite sur un vaste état de l’art scientifique traitant de cette notion. Plus précisément, nous l’avons problématisée en la mettant en relation avec les locuteurs d’une langue régionale (et souvent minorée) en situation migratoire, profil peu abordé dans la littérature.
Enhancing Communication Dynamics Through Interactive Activities in Distance Education Environments
Authors: Sale Rachel , Andrews Sharon K. , Newsum Janice Moore , Crawford Caroline M.
Published: December 2024

This multiple case study is a qualitative approach towards better understanding developing digital learning landscapes. Equally impactful are considerations towards generative artificial intelligence, large language models, machine learning, and simulations integrated into course creation. The findings reflect twelve major themes that fall into categories of course design (course design with decisions based within environment, course design experience, course design), organizational philosophy of instructional supports (social learning, organization as collegiality and community supports, training and talent development, teaching complexity), student success and learner motivational supports (learner success as retention and competencies-capabilities, designing user experience and accessibility, learner motivation and ethical knowledge attainment), and innovation dynamics (flawed viability, viability of innovation).
Exploiting the Opportunities of 5G for Streamlined Virtual Event Experiences From Connection to Engagement
Authors: Shinkar Sonali Vijay , Patil Kiran , Dongardive Archana , Pramanik Sabyasachi
Published: December 2024

This abstract looks at how enhanced connection and immersive interactivity may be used by 5G technology to change virtual event experiences. The essay examines how 5G networks may provide more network capacity, very low latency, and quicker data rates. These developments make it possible to utilize virtual reality apps, communicate in real time, and transmit content smoothly. Moreover, it underscores the impact of 5G on several sectors such as business, education, and entertainment, showcasing its ability to create virtual worlds that faithfully replicate the live event experience.
Crisis Communication Strategies in the Age of Social Media
Authors: Ahmad Munir , Farrukh Muhammad , Wafik H. M. Atif , Gabriel Popoola Adeolu
Published: December 2024

Crisis communication in today's digital age, shaped by social media and Volunteered Geographic Information (VGI), has revolutionized response strategies. Social media-based VGI can enable rapid dissemination of information and foster two-way communication, empowering communities to report incidents, seek help, and share experiences in real-time. This transparency builds trust between authorities and the public, dispels rumors, and ensures adherence to safety measures. VGI can amplify the voices of those affected, humanizing crises and mobilizing support for relief efforts. However, using VGI requires careful verification and ethical considerations like privacy protection and combating misinformation. Techniques such as cross-referencing with credible sources and utilizing geolocation data enhance reliability. Collaborative platforms can streamline information exchange, facilitating efficient crisis response and volunteer coordination. Actionable updates with visual aids can improve public engagement.
Eatertainment
Authors: Danhauser Reka , Boechat Anna Carolina , Inácio Ana Isabel , Tavares Patrícia
Published: December 2024

The “eatertainment” phenomenon has become widespread as one of the latest trends for many restaurant brands. The main goal of the present work is to examine the relationship between the visual presentation of food and its influence on the multidimensional notion of brand experience. The research was exploratory and three focus group discussions were held. Findings revealed that food presentation enhances various dimensions of brand experience, although its impact varies: it significantly influences sensory brand experiences, mainly the visual and taste perceptions; it is less prominent in affective brand experiences, where other factors play a more significant role; it also shapes behavioral brand experiences, encouraging photography, online sharing, and culinary exploration; and its impact on intellectual brand experiences varies, with some seeing it inspiring and others merely aesthetic. However, plating is just one aspect of a holistic brand experience, necessitating a multifaceted strategy for contemporary diners.
Socially Responsible Marketing Communications and Target Marketing
Authors: Mandal Pratap Chandra
Published: December 2024

Companies and businesses have roles in marketing communications and target marketing done by them. They should ensure that such communications are socially responsible. The objective of the study is to understand the various aspects of socially responsible marketing communications and target marketing, and ethical and legal aspects and concerns related to such issues. The methodology adopted is a conceptual analysis of the various aspects and issues. Enlightened companies adopt initiatives for socially responsible marketing communications and target marketing. The discussions will allow academicians and practitioners to understand the importance of social responsibility in marketing communications and target marketing and the various issues related to such communications. Policy makers may investigate about the ethical and legal concerns related to the issues and may implement rules and regulations which will ensure the triple bottom line – people, profit, and planet.
Digital Communication and the Modern India
Authors: Sinha Subir
Published: December 2024

Communication is the process of sending and receiving information. It is the vehicle through which human being are developing and maintaining human civilization. Digitization bring revolution in the process of communication and developed a new communication system called digital communication. However in India, the significance of digital communication is enormous and push the nation towards the modernity. The article entitled 'Digital Communication and the Modern India' displayed how digital communication functioned in several fields likes information dissemination, social connectivity, propagation of education, health communication and digital marketing and supporting in the formation of a technologically advance and modern India.
Breaking the Silence
Authors: Harriott Suzzette Ann-Marie
Published: December 2024

This chapter explores the evolving landscape of Diversity, Equity, Inclusion, and Belonging (DEIB) in organizational settings, focusing on the necessity for genuine inclusion beyond compliance-driven efforts. Through case studies from leading organizations like McKinsey, Deloitte, and PwC, the study highlights key themes such as leadership commitment, psychological safety, and resistance to change. The research emphasizes the concept of “Brave Spaces,” advocating for environments where open dialogue and meaningful inclusion are prioritized. Quantitative insights reveal the economic benefits of robust DEIB initiatives, including improved ROI and employee engagement. The chapter concludes with actionable recommendations for practitioners, urging organizations to embrace courageous leadership and culturally sensitive strategies to foster truly inclusive workplaces. Future research directions include exploring the impact of remote work and technology on DEIB outcomes.
Addressing Gender Disparities
Authors: Kulkarni Shravani , Bhosale Piyush Amol , Kausar Amna , Das Susanta
Published: December 2024

It examines persistent gender disparities in various employment sectors, highlighting need for equitable opportunities & representation. Despite societal advancements, women remain underrepresented in leadership roles & many industries, while overrepresented in undervalued & low-paying jobs. It explores how gender biases, stereotypes, & unsupportive workplace cultures limit women's career progression. These challenges are compounded by a lack of female role models & supportive networks, leading to limited upward mobility & continued marginalization in many sectors. It emphasizes collective impact of these disparities, where women are systematically controlled in influential positions. It discusses role of media in perpetuating gender stereotypes, that further threatens efforts to achieve true diversity & inclusion. It concludes by acknowledging ongoing advocacy & initiatives aimed at promoting gender diversity, equity, & inclusion while stressing the need for sustained efforts to dismantle structural barriers that prevent women from reaching their full potential across all sectors.
Diverse Moms, Common Struggles
Authors: Shetye Swati Krutarth , Srivastava Anugamini Priya , Yadav Mohit , Hadap Atul Krutarth
Published: December 2024

As evidenced by several research studies, the participation of women in the labour force market is highly impacted by their motherhood duties, which is called the “motherhood penalty”. Though organisations have made efforts to achieve gender equality, the results are not achieving the pace as forecasted. While focusing on strategies that organisations should follow to maintain gender equality, this chapter identifies various parenting diversities among working mothers and their unique challenges. Also, the chapter discusses the feeling of self-discrepancy, mental health impacts, and intention to leave among working mothers. To mitigate these problems, the chapter advocates various retention strategies and concrete family policies that organisations can plan. These strategies will provide support to working mothers to improve their productivity and foster an inclusive work culture. In this chapter, several theoretical explorations are narrated through case studies, which provide insights and practical applications for organisations that aim to build diverse and inclusive workplaces.
Building Inclusive Culture
Authors: Hilton Marsha
Published: December 2024

This chapter explores the critical integration of soft skills within Diversity, Equity, Inclusion, and Belonging (DEIB) initiatives, emphasizing their pivotal role in cultivating inclusive and high-performing organizational cultures. By examining the impact of emotional intelligence, empathy, communication, and adaptability, the chapter demonstrates how these soft skills are instrumental in enhancing the effectiveness of DEIB strategies. Through a combination of theoretical analysis and real-world case studies, it reveals how these skills help organizations navigate complex interpersonal dynamics, foster open communication, and create environments of psychological safety. The chapter concludes with practical strategies for leaders to develop and leverage these soft skills, thereby ensuring long-term success and inclusivity within their organizations. This approach not only addresses the immediate challenges of managing diversity but also lays the groundwork for sustainable organizational growth in an increasingly diverse global landscape.
Blockchain Technology in Healthcare
Authors: Anitha A. , Anitha K. , Amala J. , Kamaraj Balakrishnan
Published: December 2024

The advancements of AI techniques and its transformation made an intelligent automated process using Internet of Things (IoT), machine optimization in various industrial applications. One of the notable change happens in the healthcare industry witnessed significant progress, leading to the emergence of Health 4.0. This new era encompasses a wide range of cutting-edge technologies including the Internet of Things (IoT), Internet of Services (IoS), Medical Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS), Health Cloud, Health Fog etc. The largest barrier to electronic healthcare is securing all medical equipment that are connected to the internet. Blockchain, a distributed and immutable ledger or database, has gained popularity across various sectors, including healthcare, due to its efficiency and reliability by offering features such as decentralization, enhanced security, and immutability. This chapter aims to explore the advantages and challenges associated with implementing blockchain technology in healthcare 4.0 by providing factual evaluation of block chain's progress in healthcare.
Blockchained Knowledge Management Services in Academic Libraries
Authors: Mupaikwa Elisha
Published: December 2024

This chapter reviews the literature on the application of blockchain for knowledge management in academic libraries. This review is based on 63 journal articles from refereed journals. The major findings of the review are that blockchain may be used across all knowledge management activities of the academic library but the major areas that may benefit from its usage are data storage and sharing, research support, digital rights management, collection management and control, payments, book borrowing and interlibrary loaning. The review also showed several challenges that confront academic libraries in their efforts to use blockchain technologies and among them were inadequate infrastructure, lack of funding, user attitudes, security concerns and lack of skills. The chapter therefore made recommendations on addressing such challenges and among them were education and training as well as investments in information and communication technology infrastructures.
Knowledge and Service Exchange Using Blockchain
Authors: Aruna A. , V. Jeevika Tharini , Sathya A.
Published: December 2024

Blockchain technology offers a significant way to reinvent platforms for exchanging knowledge and services. By leveraging its core features of decentralization, transparency, and smart contracts, this paradigm shift fosters secure, efficient, and trust-based ecosystems. Tokenization incentivizes valuable contributions, while decentralized identity management ensures secure and verifiable user information. Blockchain's transparency and immutability enhances accountability in transactions, reducing fraud risks. Decentralized learning systems provide safe credential verification, which is beneficial for education. Blockchain expands its use to platforms for freelancers, enabling automated and transparent payment processes. Although encouraging, concerns such as user consumption, regulatory compliance, and scalability must be resolved for successful deployment. Blockchain technology's incorporation into knowledge and service exchange platforms signals the beginning of a new era of reliable, accessible and effective communication.
Enhancing Digital Documents Using Autoencoders
Authors: Taher Omar , Gohar Hiba
Published: December 2024

In the digital age, document and grain denoising are critical for enhancing digital content readability and quality. This paper presents a comprehensive approach to document denoising using Convolutional Conditional Autoencoders. Utilizing datasets like NoisyOffice, Bickley Diary, DIBCO, and Salt & Pepper, the study addresses challenges posed by various document noise types. NoisyOffice, Bickley Diary, and DIBCO datasets offer a broad spectrum of real-world noisy document images, while the Salt & Pepper dataset targets grain denoising. The methodology leverages CCAE capabilities to learn noise patterns and reconstruct clean documents. The model is evaluated with metrics like Mean Squared Error, Peak Signal-to-Noise Ratio, and Structural Similarity Index. Results show significant denoising improvements, validated through quantitative analysis. Comparative studies with existing techniques highlight the proposed model's superiority, providing a robust solution for practical document quality enhancement.
Wind Speed Prediction at Multiple Heights for Offshore Wind Turbines Using Deep Learning
Authors: Dutta Dipankar
Published: December 2024

This work addresses short-term wind speed prediction in offshore wind farms, a key challenge for renewable energy transition. Short-term forecasting ensures stable grid operation. Applying Deep learning (DL) techniques faces computation time and forecast performance challenges. The paper proposes a practical approach using diverse DL models to forecast wind speeds at different heights. Geographically independent datasets from two continents are used for train the models and then test those. Four DL models namely Long Short Term Memory (LSTM), Bi-Directional LSTM (Bi-LSTM), Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU) and Convolutional Neural Network-LSTM (CNN-LSTM) are evaluated. Results are consistent and promising. In summary, the paper offers a practical solution for forecasting short-term wind speeds at multiple heights and time steps. It explores DL model variants, utilizes diverse datasets, and provides insights for effective offshore wind farm operations. As per our knowledge, such type of work on short term wind speed predictions at 10 heights up to 250 meters are not done yet.
Advanced Neural Networks for Multimodal Data Fusion in Interdisciplinary Research
Authors: Dhivya K. , Kumar S. Niresh , Victoria D. Rosy Salomi , Sherly S. Irin , Durgadevi G.
Published: December 2024

The chapter will delve into deep neural network architectures developed for interdisciplinary research, specifically aimed at combining multimodal data. Modern research, spanning multiple domains like health and environmental science, necessitates the integration of diverse data sources like images, text, and sensor data. This discussion will explore advanced techniques like convolutional neural networks, recurrent neural networks, and transformer models that effectively combine these modalities. This paper emphasizes the development of robust multimodal systems, primarily focusing on data alignment and feature extraction prior to model training. The text discusses the challenges of heterogeneous data integration, its solutions, and the role of transfer learning in improving model performance. The chapter explores the potential of this approach in medical diagnostics, climate modeling, and social sciences, offering insights into future research directions and applications.
A Novel Facial Expression Recognition System Using Convolutional Neural Network
Authors: Kulkarni Aniruddha Arvind , N. G. Bhuvaneswari Amma
Published: December 2024

Effective communication requires the use of facial expressions, which are the most natural response in the human heart. Clinical practices and behavioral description are important for human-computer interaction, and facial expression recognition (FER) is also important. There has been a lot of study on FER, with expanding applications such as neuromarketing and avatar animation. Machine learning techniques have a difficult time recognizing facial expressions because people can differ in how they display their emotions. Even a photograph of the same person in one expression can differ in brightness, backdrop, and position. As a result, computer vision's FER challenge remains difficult. In this study, we present a novel FER solution that combines certain image pre-processing processes with common techniques like convolutional networks. Depending on the feature set, our proposed model provides significant results of 91.29% accuracy on FER2013 dataset.
Brain Tumor Detection Using Deep Learning Algorithms
Authors: Sharada A. , Raj V. Divya , Geddhada Akhila
Published: December 2024

Brain tumors are a serious health concern and also rank among the prime causes of cancer deaths. Diagnosis has to be done as early as possible and with accuracy so that treatment may start at an early stage for better survival rates. MRI happens to be the modality of choice in imaging brain tumors because of its wide application in the diagnosis of this condition. However, the detection of such diseases through conventional methods, including machine learning algorithms, Fuzzy C-means, and Artificial Neural Networks, usually has serious drawbacks regarding reduced accuracy and computational time. This work will propose a new detection scheme based on a sequential deep learning algorithm combined with Long Short-Term Memory networks that will improve diagnostic precision. The LSTM model tended to be the best, often reaching accuracy as high as 89%, hence being the potential promise for brain tumor detection from MRI images more quickly and with higher reliability.
Mission Statement on the Higher Education System in Colombia and Its Relationship With Its Quality
Authors: Plata Carlos
Published: December 2024

The higher education institutions in Colombia (IES), active actors in the economic system and key players in society are by definition non-governmental organizations, they appropriated the generalized practice of generating, transferring, and putting into practice a mission statement, This mission statement is the reason of exitance of the organization and according to the literature should have some key characteristics that ensure that the mission statement in on the capacity to offer tools and guidance for the generation of strategies on the short, medium and long term. The present is an exploratory project that present the characterization of the mission statement of 167 mission statements of the Colombian higher education system. After this characterization, relationships with key variables such as the number of graduates, IP, publications, and high-quality programs are presented. The results suggest that a well-rounded mission statement, encompassing multiple strategic elements, could positively impact quality.
The Role of 6G Technology in Smart City Development
Authors: Nag Aditi
Published: December 2024

The advent of 6G technology promises to revolutionize smart city development by offering ultra-high-speed connectivity, minimal latency, and the capacity to support massive device connectivity. This paper explores the transformative potential of 6G in enhancing urban planning, management, and everyday life. Through case studies of pioneering cities like Seoul, Tokyo, Singapore, and Helsinki, it highlights practical applications such as smart traffic management, AI-driven healthcare innovations, and augmented reality tourism experiences. While 6G holds immense promise, its implementation requires overcoming challenges related to infrastructure, data privacy, and regulatory frameworks. Addressing these challenges will be crucial for cities to harness the full benefits of 6G and create sustainable, resilient urban environments for the future.
Using 6G to Boost Smart Cities
Authors: Gupta Sorabh , Sehgal Mitu , Makkar Rashmi , Reddy Alla Poorna Chandra , Khan Habib
Published: December 2024

Integration of 6G technology with smart cities significantly advances city infrastructure development,simplifying the process of connecting & operating cities.This chapter discuss two revolutionary ideas in depth,including their features,ways they work together & future impact on development.Technology & data collection play a crucial role in the evolving field of smart cities,enhancing everyone quality of life & ensuring the smooth operation of city programs. IoT,big data analytics, cloud computing,communication infrastructure & AI help local government make cities smarter. ICT involves data collection,storage,retrieval,modification,organization,administration,security & exchange. Automation in smart cities assists respond fast to real-time data from IoT devices. Smart transportation drives smart city urban design. Smart city people need low latency to decide and respond quickly. 6G networks provide telemedicine,virtual consultations & remote patient tracking. The chapter conclude that 6G will transform urban living,making cities more livable,sustainable and responsive to citizens.
AI Applications in Secure 6G-Enabled Smart City Infrastructure
Authors: Jain Vishal , Mitra Archan
Published: December 2024

The development of secure 6G networks has the potential to transform smart city infrastructures, integrating artificial intelligence (AI) to manage urban systems with unprecedented efficiency. The integration of AI in 6G-enabled smart cities will enhance services such as public safety, transportation, and energy management, but also poses significant security risks due to the vast amounts of data being processed. This abstract explores AI's role in optimizing these systems while addressing the security challenges posed by real-time data transmission, cyber-attacks, and privacy concerns. By examining AI-driven solutions, such as anomaly detection systems and federated learning, this research offers insights into enhancing the safety and resilience of smart cities in the digital age.
Artificial Intelligence-Enabled Cybersecurity and Internet of Things Applications in Smart Cities
Authors: Shafik Wasswa
Published: December 2024

The rapid adoption of Smart Cities (SCs) has increased reliance on AI-based IoT technologies to enhance smart infrastructure and services, contributing to the UN's sustainable development goals. However, this integration brings significant cybersecurity (CS) challenges, such as DDoS, MITM, phishing, and ransomware attacks. This chapter underscores the importance of CS in SCs, highlighting vulnerabilities and risks. It examines IoT's role in SC infrastructure and services, AI's impact on SC efficiency, and various AI techniques used in SC applications. The chapter analyzes cyberattacks on SC infrastructure, suggesting CS measures like protocols, encryption, authentication techniques, access control, and incident response. AI and IoT integration enhances CS, reducing cyber threats through anomaly detection and real-time data collection for AI-based security solutions. The chapter also presents SC application case studies demonstrating the integration's effectiveness and best practices. It concludes by emphasizing the need for continued research and innovation in SC cybersecurity.
Enabling Secure and Efficient Healthcare Delivery in Smart Cities Through 6G Infrastructure
Authors: Bhattacharya Naboshree , Bansal Divya
Published: December 2024

Smart cities leverage 6G infrastructure for secure, efficient healthcare delivery. 6G's ultra-low latency, high bandwidth, and device connectivity enable real-time data transmission for telemedicine, remote monitoring, and robotic surgeries, improving healthcare access. Ensuring 6G security is crucial; encryption, authentication, blockchain, and zero-trust models protect sensitive data. Integrating 6G with existing systems requires standardized protocols and collaboration. Navigating regulations and ethics related to data privacy and patient consent is essential. As smart cities evolve, secure 6G will revolutionize healthcare delivery through innovation and prioritizing patient well-being.
Improving the Blockchain Protocol for 5G, Web3, and Edge Computing Applications
Authors: Addepalli V. N. Krishna , Patel Jainam Purushotam
Published: December 2024

The abstract highlights the potential of integrating blockchain into 5G networks and the Metaverse and proposes an enhanced blockchain protocol for various applications. It emphasizes the transformative nature of 5G and blockchain technologies and their ability to revolutionize industries. It also discusses the capabilities of blockchain, such as smart contracts and decentralized storage, and the opportunities it presents for in- novative 5G services. It also addresses the challenges and open research problems in this domain. Furthermore, it explores the application of blockchain in the Metaverse, focusing on security, privacy, and scalability concerns. The proposed innovation aims to improve the blockchain protocol to effectively support 5G, Web3, Edge Computing, Metaverse, and many more applications. It prioritizes immutability, confidentiality, and availability and offers advantages to interaction and digital experiences. The objective is to create a protocol that meets diverse industry requirements while considering different approaches to achieve its goals.
Electrochemical Analysis on Corrosion of Stainless Steels in Molten Nitrate Salt
Authors: Kanjanaprayut Noparat , Promdirek Piyorose , Siripongsakul Thamrongsin
Published: December 2024

Electrochemical analysis of corrosion in molten nitrate salt of stainless steel grade SS 430, SS 2205, SS 2507 and SS 304 is directly performed to evaluate corrosion resistance. Stainless steels are exposed to molten nitrate salt at 600 °C for two hours. This is done in a furnace equipped with a working electrode terminal, reference and counter electrodes. According to this, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and potentiodynamic polarization techniques are applied in situ to measure corrosion rates and corrosion resistance. Microstructures of stainless steel reveal the ferrite phase for SS 430, the austenite phase for SS 304 and the duplex phase for SS 2205 and SS 2507. In this study, the existence of an austenite phase promotes corrosion resistance in molten nitrate salt.
The Synergistic Effects of Expandable Graphite and Ammonium Polyphosphate on the Properties of Flame-Retardant Nitrile Butadiene Rubber
Authors: Liem Nguyen Thanh , Long Nguyen Duc , Diep Doan Van
Published: December 2024

This paper, investigated the effects of expandable graphite and ammonium polyphosphate on the flame-retardant properties of nitrile butadiene rubber. Several formulations of NBR were prepared by combining different ratios of expandable graphite and ammonium polyphosphate to evaluate their synergistic flame-retardant effects. The results show that the combination of expandable graphite and ammonium polyphosphate significantly enhances the flame-retardant effects of nitrile butadiene rubber, as evidenced by improved limiting oxygen index values, horizontal burning rates decreased and passed the UL-94 V1 when the ratio of expandable graphite and ammonium polyphosphate as (2/1). Results from TGA demonstrated that the ammonium polyphosphate/expandable graphite combination could retard the degradation of rubber by promoting the formation of a compact char layer on the condensed phase surface. This char layer effectively protects the matrix from heat penetration and the diffusion of flammable gas products, resulting in better flame-retardant performance. The effect of flame retardant on the mechanical properties of nitrile butadiene rubber was also evaluated. The results showed that the mechanical properties decreased with increasing flame retardant content.
Edible Plastics/Films or Biopolymers from Food Materials
Authors: Thao Nguyen Thi Huong , Hung Dang Viet , Tu Nguyen Thi Minh , Nga Luong Hong
Published: December 2024

Edible plastics/films or biopolymers are biodegradable materials which are normally applied as food packaging. This type of packaging has been used for centuries to protect food products by avoiding food deterioration and extending its shelf life. Due to the increasing concerns about health and the environment, edible films are made from biomaterials to produce safe, edible, and environmentally friendly materials. In this study, the biopolymer’s compositions are combined from different types of hydrocolloids (polysaccharides base) with gel forming ability and additives for better structure. The film is formed by applying wet formation (solvent casting technique) and dried at 55°C to create thin films. The thickness, tensile strength (TS), elongation at break (EBA), contact angle, water vapor transmission rate (WVTR), water solubility and oil solubility were determined at different proportions of used hydrocolloids. The plasticizer glycerol was added at different concentrations (10, 20, 30% w/w) for further investigation of the film’s properties.
Bottom of Line Corrosion Mechanism in Marginal Sour Environment Wet Gas Pipelines
Authors: Azhar Liyana Yasmin , Hasnan Muhammad Hazman , Jarni Husna Hayati , Othman Norinsan Kamil , Yaakob Najmiddin
Published: December 2024

Internal pipeline corrosion is a well-recognized issue in the oil and gas industry, especially in multiphase flow systems, such as wet gas transportation pipelines that contain mixed phases. Internal corrosion typically manifests as either top-of-the-line corrosion (TLC) or bottom-of-the-line corrosion (BLC). While corrosion mechanisms in sweet environments (dominated by CO₂) are relatively well-understood, those in sour environments (dominated by H₂S) remain less thoroughly examined. In sour environments, the primary corrosion product is iron sulfide (FeS), while in sweet environments, iron carbonate (FeCO₃) tends to form. In marginally sour conditions, FeS layers are often non-uniform, promoting localized corrosion and pitting because low concentration of H2S. It is hypothesizes that higher concentrations of H₂S reduce both the pitting rate and depth.The objective of this research is to investigate the corrosion rate, surface profile, and morphology in a marginal sour environment, using profilometry analysis (ASTM G46) to assess pitting. The experiments were conducted in a glass cell setup simulating pipeline conditions with 3 wt% brine solution and 1000 ppm acetic acid. Corrosion behavior was assessed at H₂S concentrations of 0 ppm, 30 ppm, and 80 ppm using weight loss analysis, surface morphology, and profilometry measurements. Results indicate that increasing H₂S concentration decreases the pitting rate, supporting the study’s hypothesis.
E-Tax Filing Adoption of Individuals in Sri Lanka
Authors: Rajapaksha D. G. N. T. , Riyath M. I. M. , Weerasinghe W. T. D.
Published: December 2024

E-tax filing, which is the completion of tax returns online, has been introduced as part of Sri Lanka's e-governance strategy. However, there has been a lack of research on the extent of its adoption in Sri Lanka. This study investigates the factors influencing the adoption of individual e-tax filing in Sri Lanka. A deductive approach was employed, and a random sample of 201 individual taxpayers in Sri Lanka was selected to complete a questionnaire. The key attributes of the study were perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, perceived risk, personal innovativeness, self-efficacy, and facilitating conditions. The correlation analysis revealed that perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, perceived risk, facilitating condition, and self-efficacy have a significant impact on intention. In contrast, personal innovativeness has no significant impact on intention. The multiple linear regression analysis confirmed that perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, perceived risk, and facilitating condition have an impact on intention, while personal innovativeness and self-efficacy do not impact the e-tax filing adoption among individuals in Sri Lanka. The study concludes that the adoption of e-tax filing can be increased by improving the perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, and facilitating conditions of the system while reducing perceived risks associated with it. The findings of this study are beneficial for policymakers, and tax authorities in addressing and enhancing e-tax filing adoptions within the country while this creates a base for the interested researchers to address these aspects further.
Analysis of the top-down HoLEP learning curve: A single-center experience of two clinical fellows
Authors: Daher Karim , Fathy Moustafa , Hodhod Amr , Nikoufar Parsa , Alkandari Abdulrahman , Abbas Loay , Abdul Hadi Ruba , Elmansy Hazem
Published: December 2024

Introduction: Holmium laser enucleation of the prostate (HoLEP) is known to have a steep learning curve. The top-down technique was introduced to lessen the number of procedures required to master HoLEP. We aimed to present the experiences of two successive clinical fellows with the top-down HoLEP learning curve and compare their performance with the supervisor.
Methods: We conducted a prospective study of 40 patients who underwent top-down HoLEP performed by two successive fellows at our institution from September 2020 to November 2022. Before data collection, each learner observed three top-down HoLEP procedures and assisted with seven additional cases before independently performing top-down HoLEP under supervision. We collected data from each fellow’s first 20 consecutive top-down HoLEP procedures. The learners’ cases were grouped according to chronological order (Cases 1-10 and 11-20). The primary outcome was defined as the number of cases before the fellow could independently complete all steps of top-down HoLEP without any major intraoperative complications. The secondary outcomes included the intraoperative and postoperative outcomes of both groups. The fellows’ 40 cumulative cases were then compared against retrospective data from 148 procedures conducted by their supervisor.
Results: There were no significant differences in patient demographics for both clinical fellows. Each learner performed the first 20 cases independently without needing the supervisor to intervene. No major intraoperative complications were recorded, and there were no statistically significant differences in intraoperative and postoperative outcomes between fellows’ cases. There was a statistically significant difference between the fellows and their supervisor in terms of operative efficiency and enucleation efficiency (p < 0.001). We did not find a significant difference between the fellows and the supervisor regarding intraoperative complications, major postoperative complications, or postoperative subjective and objective parameters.
Conclusions: Top-down HoLEP shows promising and reproducible results in shortening HoLEP’s learning curve. Larger comparative and multi-institutional studies are warranted.