bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Preparing New Principals in Developing countries: Selection and Induction
Authors: Ghimire Tulasi Ram
Published: June 2022

Purpose: This paper aims to overview of the challenges facing new principals in developing country and to explore the provision for leadership and management development for new and experienced school leaders.
Design/methodology/approach: Based on recent research and literature, the paper analyses the experience of principals and proposes an induction model for principalship in developing countries.
Paper type: Literature review
Findings: School principals in developing country face a daunting challenge. They often work in poorly equipped buildings with inadequately trained staff. There is rarely any formal leadership training and principals are appointed on the basis of their teaching record rather than their leadership potential. Induction and support are usually limited.
Originality/value: The paper provides an overview of the limited literature and research on new principals in developing country and develops a grounded conceptualisation of their role.
Industrial Disharmony and Sustainable Development Goals of State Government-Owned Tertiary Institutions in Southwest Nigeria
Authors: Fejoh Johnson , Boyede Michael Ayodeji , Adesanwo Emmanuel Oloruntoba , Onanuga Paul Adekunle
Published: June 2022

Nigerian public tertiary institutions have been plagued with incessant industrial conflicts that are always pronounced in form of strike actions and these had led to long closure of these public institutions with attendant negative effects on overall developments of these institutions. This study, therefore, examined the impact of industrial disharmony on sustainable development goal of state government-owned tertiary institutions in Southwest Nigeria. Two hypotheses were raised, and a descriptive survey research design of the ex post facto type was adopted for the study. The population for the study comprised of all the staff of three selected public tertiary institutions across three states in Southwest Nigeria (Moshood Abiola Polytechnic, Abeokuta; Adeniran Ogunsanya College of Education, Ijanikin, Lagos and Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso). Simple random and proportionate stratified technique was used to select the respondents based on staff classification into academic (302), senior non-teaching (103) and junior non-teaching (280) cadres totalling 685 respondents. A self-designed questionnaire entitled Industrial Disharmony and Sustainable Development Goals Questionnaire (IDSDGQ) was used to collect information from the respondents. Data were analyzed using regression analysis to test the two hypotheses raised for the study at 0.05 level of significance. The findings revealed that industrial disharmony had a significant impact on sustainable development goals of state government-owned tertiary institutions in Southwest Nigeria. It is, therefore, recommended that state governments as proprietors of these tertiary institutions should strive to increase the funding of these institutions since a lack of adequate funding has been identified as a major source of industrial disharmony in public tertiary institutions.

Key Words:   industrial disharmony, sustainable development, academic excellence, economic viability, state government-owned tertiary institutions
Face-to-Face, Hybrid and Online English as a Foreign Language Learning Efficiency in Higher Education (Georgian and Italian students’ views)
Authors: DOGHONADZE Natela , Dolidze Tamari , Vasadze Natia
Published: June 2022

COVID-19 pandemic and its waves have resulted in transitions from face-to-face activities to completely online learning, then to hybrid learning, and then to a peculiar face-to-face COVID-19-time learning (with masks, distance-keeping, etc.). As the situation tends to continue for an indefinite time, it is important to study the existing experience and to take the obtained results into consideration in the future practice. Therefore, the presented research attempted to study students’ view on the experience of face-to-face (F-2-F), hybrid and online EFL teaching in universities during 2019-2021. With this purpose, a quantitative study was carried out through questioning the opinions of English as a foreign language (EFL) students in Georgia and Italy. The advantages and disadvantages of the three modes were assessed by 466 (430 of them from Georgia and 36 from Italy) volunteer respondents. The outcomes of the study were analyzed and elaborated in the forms of practical recommendations for more effective planning and implementation of EFL teaching during and after the Covid-19 pandemic.

Keywords: F2F; Hybrid; Distance Education; EFL
Readability and Readability Formulas: English as a Foreign Language Tertiary Education Teachers' Awareness in Shaqra University, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Omer Imam-edin Awad M. , Al-Khaza’leh Bilal A.
Published: June 2022

This study is an attempt to investigate English as a Foreign Language (EFL) University teachers’ awareness of the readability concept and formulas in Shaqra University, Saudi Arabia. The study also aims at investigating whether this awareness is affected by teachers’ experience. A three-scale questionnaire was designed to gather data from randomly selected 40 EFL teachers. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS program. The results showed that EFL teachers have only an overall awareness of readability concept and are not aware of its formulas. The results also showed that there is a weak relationship between teachers’ awareness of readability and their teaching experience. Based on the findings, the study recommended that the issue of readability and readability formulas should be included in EFL teachers’ pre-service and/or in-service training programmes.

Keywords: readability, readability formulas, reading passages, EFL teachers
Vitamin D and Human Journey
Authors: SH Shakiba , M Shakiba
Published: June 2022

Herein, we propose a hypothesis for the low level of vitamin D as a sign of untimely relocation of humans during history. This improper displacement made the human species prone to infectious and noninfectious diseases during the life journey. The low level of vitamin D is a sign that needs to be addressed as a marker of an unsafe journey in lifetime, not the cause for associated diseases, and the replacement of vitamin D is the least performed in this regard.
Evaluation Of Feeding Residual of Sesame Capsule on Growth Rate of Sudanese Desert Kids in North Kordofan State, Sudan
Authors: Elimam Ibrahim , G.I. Godah Fathia, , A. Salih Hind, , Bushara I,
Published: June 2022

The experiment was conducted in ELobied locality, Northern Kordofan state, to evaluate the effect of supplementation of residual sesame capsule on growth performances of grazing Desert kids. Thirty-seven (37) Sudanese desert kids were used in this experiment. Kids were divided to four groups as (B, C, D) supplemented and group (A) unsupplemented as control depends on natural grazing only. Supplemented kids were allocated to three feeding regimes in a complete random design. The results indicated that the supplementary rations that given to the experimental goats, had highly significant (p<0.01) effect on kid birth weight, heavier at birth than control group (1.99±0.12, 2.42±0.11 and 2.22±0.12kg for B, C and D groups respectively versus 1.85±0.13kg for control). The results reveled that supplementary ration had no significant effect on kid growth from after birth up to 8th weeks pre –kidding, but during 8-12th week did. Also ration that offered to kids significantly (p<0.01) effected body weight at weaning and daily gain. The heavier weaning weight for groups B, C and D were 9.14, 9.55 and 9.47 kg vs 8.46 kg for A group with lightest weaning weight. Results showed that the effect of supplementary feeding was exerted no significant effect on pre weaning mortality rate. Highest rates were scored by group B 22% whereby group A, C and D were scored 12%, 9 % and 11% respectively. It may be concluded that the supplementation of with residues of sesame capsule had showed an impact on birth, growth rate and weaning weight of Desert kids under traditional farming system.
Production and Evaluation of Fruit Juice Blends from Velvet Tamarind (Dilium Guineese) and Noni Fruit Juice (Morinda Citrifolia)
Authors: M. N Chukwu, , N.O Kabuo, , P.F Okezie , Chukwujekwu Chukwujekwu
Published: June 2022

This study was aimed to explore the production and evaluation of fruit juice blends from velvet tamarind and noni juices. Velvet tamarind fruit was processed to obtain 100% juice (VT sample) while that of noni fruit was also processed to obtain 100% pure juice (N sample). The respective fruit juice blends (N and VT) were formulated: VTN1, VTN2, VTN3, VTN4 at different ratios (20:80%, 40:60%, 60:40%, 80:20%) while N and VT were used as the control. Microbial analysis using pour plate method and sensory evaluation using 9-point hedonic scale were carried out. The blending of these fruit juices gave better sensory quality product with therapeutic effects. The controls VT (100%) was found to be best in all organoleptic attributes (approximately 7.00 = like moderately) and with microbial count of (6.5x103 cfu/g) while control (100%) samples rated worse sensorily. Sample VTN4 rated best followed by VTN3, VTN2, VTN1 respectively. Blending Velvet tamarind (VT) and Noni (N) juices at different proportions result reduce bland taste, unpleasant aroma of noni which improves the organoleptic acceptability of the blends. Noni mellowed down the tartness of velvet tamarind juice thus, obtaining refreshing, therapeutic, vitamin C., … antioxidant, and acceptable organoleptic characteristics of fruit juice blends.
Creative economy in Russia: New trends
Authors:   Center for Creative Economy, National Research University “Higher School of Economics”, Moscow, Russia, Abankina T.V.
Published: June 2022

The article substantiates that creative industries are one of the factors of sustainable development and contribute to the transition to an innovative economy. The concepts of creative industries, economic characteristics of the Russian creative sector, trends in Russian exports of creative goods and services are analyzed. Measures to support the creative sector in Russia are systematized. The article summarizes the new trends that developed during the pandemic, which pose threats and lead to imbalances in the development of the creative sector – that is the increasing role of large companies for stream delivery of digital content; the capture of markets for creative goods and services by the largest IT companies and banks forming digital ecosystems. A new trend is the stratification of the creative industries sector depending on industry affiliation and involvement in digital services; increased diversification and monopolization in the main links of value chains – distribution and monetization of creative goods and services. Intensive and uneven changes happened in the nature of work and its creative intensity in different professional groups under the conditions of digitalization, which leads to a significant change in labor relations, especially with a new category of self-employed citizens; strengthening of territorial imbalances in the development of the creative economy. The current management tasks for the development of creative industries in Russia are proposed and justified.
Bank of Russia regular communications and volatility short-term effects in financial markets
Authors:   National Research University “Higher School of Economics”, Moscow, Russia, Telegin O.V.
Published: June 2022

This paper investigates the relationship between the volatility of various indicators of the Russia financial markets and the communication policy of the Bank of Russia, namely, regular communications channel – press releases and press conferences following the meetings of the Board of Directors of the Bank of Russia. The use of these two channels of regular verbal interventions aims not only to familiarize market participants with the decision on the key rate adopted during the meeting, but also to describe the reasons for this decision, along with a brief description of the current state of the economy in the way the regulator observes it. The results of econometric analysis using HAR‑models of high-frequency 5-minute volatility, taking into account intraday volatility patterns, show that regular communications of the Bank of Russia (namely, press releases following a meeting of the Bank of Russia Board of directors) really increase volatility in financial markets, while market participants cannot instantly estimate the significance of the new information, while this process takes about 15–20 minutes. However, the effect of increasing volatility is practically insignificant statistically when it comes to press conferences of the Governor Elvira Nabiullina. This result may indicate almost complete absence of new information for the market participants, disclosed during the opening speech at the press conference and the Q&A session. Also, within the framework of the study, recommendations were formulated for the Bank of Russia to change the format of regular communications.
Primary Pterygium Surgery: An Alternative Method Utilizing Conjunctival Tissue Over Thepterygium Itself Retaining its Own Vascular Supply
Authors: Jana Subhasis , Ghorai Sumi , K Dey Asim , Banerjee Mousumi
Published: June 2022

ntroduction: The gold standard management of pterygium is pterygium excision with conjunctival autograft utilizing the superior bulbar conjunctiva, but its preservation is essential for future glaucoma surgery. Aim/Objective: The aim of this study is to find out the outcome and complications of primary pterygium excision utilising the conjunctival tissue over the pterygium itself to cover the bare area retaining its own vascular supply and to preserve the superior bulbar conjunctiva for future uses. Materials and Methods: In this retrospective non-comparative study, 42 eyes with primary pterygium underwent pterygium excision utilising conjunctival tissue over the pterygium itself maintaining its original position and retaining its vascular supply for the period of 2018-2020. Methodology: In this technique two conjunctival incisions were given, one at the neck of the pterygium and other at 5-5.5 mm away from the limbus. The underlying fibrovascular tissue was separated and removed. Conjunctival tissue was placed in its normal position over the bare sclera maintaining its own vascular supply. Results: Mean age of the study population was 44.86 ± 11.68 years. Mean follow-up period was 12.62 ± 3.96 months. No recurrence was detected in the follow-up periods. The main two complications were subconjunctival injection and graft edema which were 100% and 33.33% respectively. Conclusion: This study results provide that utilization of the conjunctival tissue over the pterygium itself with retaining its own vascular supply can be a useful alternative technique for the management of primary pterygium and thus the superior bulbar conjunctiva can be preserved for future uses.
Features of gamification component introduction during the development of constructive strategies for overcoming youth life crises
Authors: Varina Hanna B. , Osadchyi Viacheslav V. , Goncharova Olga A. , Sankov Serhii M.
Published: June 2022

Information technology is becoming an increasingly important part of the lives of today's youth, opening up numerous opportunities for its application in various fields of public practice. The statistics presented in the article on the increasing demand for gaming IT industry products update the search for ways to incorporate gamification components in the educational space in order to optimize the process of professional development of a competitive specialist. The article considers the incorporation of gamification into the educational process of higher education institutions in order to develop stress resistance in individuals as a factor in selecting constructive strategies for overcoming life crises in young people. The concept of gamification is investigated using scientific research analysis. The benefits of gamification in the educational and psychocorrectional processes are established. The use of simulator games with augmented and virtual reality elements in the process of developing constructive coping strategies of individual behavior in uncertain situations and overcoming life crises is supported. The article describes the experience of interdisciplinary research at Bogdan Khmelnytsky Melitopol State Pedagogical University's STEAM-laboratory, Laboratory of Psychophysiological Research, and Laboratory of Health Psychology. The paper describes in detail the step-by-step empirical study on the incorporation of gamification components as well as augmented and virtual reality technologies into a comprehensive training program aimed at developing resilience, emotional stability, and as a predictor of constructive strategies for overcoming life crises in young people. The implementation of the experience is described in the stages of ascertaining and shaping the study. According to the findings, implementing a psycho-correctional program with gamification elements aided in increasing the individual's emotional stability and stress resistance. Representatives of the experimental group, who received active training using gamification elements and AR/VR technologies, demonstrated significant differences in the choice of constructive strategies for overcoming life crises when compared to the control group, which did not receive training.
Erken puberte tanılı olgularda epifiz kistleri: Tesadüfi bir bulgu mu?
Authors: ÇIRACI Saliha , POLAT Recep
Published: June 2022

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, çocuklarda erken puberte ile pineal kistler arasındaki ilişkinin değerlendirilmesidir.

Gereç ve Yöntemler: Erken puberte tanılı 122 olgu ve 122 kontrol grubu çocuğun beyin MR görüntüleri pineal kist varlığı ve boyutları açısından değerlendirildi. Pineal kistler boyutlarına göre gerçek kist ve kistik transformasyon olarak değerlendirildi. Erken puberte ve kontrol grubu pineal kist/kistik transformasyon varlığı açısından karşılaştırıldı. Erken puberte grubunda pineal kist saptanan, kistik transformasyon saptanan ve kist/kistik transformasyon saptanmayanların pik ve bazal LH değerleri karşılaştırıldı.

Bulgular: Ki-kare testi ile erken puberte ile pineal kist arasında ve erken puberte ile pineal kistik transformasyon arasında anlamlı ilişki saptanmadı (sırasıyla p=0,2537ve p=0,8797). Erken puberte grubunda kist/kistik transformasyon izlenmeyen, kistik transformasyon saptanan ve kist saptananlar arasında pik ve bazal LH değerleri açısından anlamlı farklılık bulunmadı (sırasıyla p=0,566 ve p=0,367).

Sonuç: Çalışmamızın sonuçlarına göre , pineal kistler ile erken puberte arasında herhangi bir ilişki saptanmamıştır. Bu nedenle, erken puberte tanılı olgularda MR incelemelerde saptanan pineal kistlerin insidental bulgu olarak kabul edilmeleri doğru bir yaklaşımdır.
Anthropomorphism as a Literary Strategy. Wolf von Aichelburg's Animal Stories
Authors:   Universitatea Lucian Blaga din Sibiu, Sass Maria
Published: June 2022

Wolf von Aichelburg (1912-1994) ist einer von den fünf rumäniendeutschen Autoren, die 1959 im Kronstädter Schriftstellerprozess verurteilt wurden. Sein Werk umfasst Lyrik, Dramen, Prosa, Essays, Übersetzungen und einen schmalen Band Tiergeschichten, der unter dem Titel Die Ratten von Hameln publiziert wurde und im zeitgeschichtlichen Kontext der kommunistischen Diktatur eine eigene Entstehungsgeschichte hat. Die Geschichten des Bandes wurden als Corpus Delicti im Prozess bezeichnet. Der vorliegende Aufsatz analysiert exemplarisch einige der Tiergeschichten, die einerseits eine verdeckte Kritik am sozialistischen System enthalten, andererseits greift der Autor Märchenhaftes und Antik-Mythisches auf und schafft ein Textgewebe, das sich einer totalen Sinnentflechtung entzieht.
The Relationship between Animals and Humans in Else Günther's Children's Books
Authors:   Universitatea din Konya, Öztürk Ali Osman , Yeşilyurt Halime ,   Universitatea din Sivas
Published: June 2022

Im Laufe der Zeit änderte sich die Bedeutung der Tiere für die Menschen, d.h. sie wurden mal als Freund oder niedliches, treues Lebewesen, mal als gemein oder wertlos angesehen. Mal wurden sie als Handelsware unterschätzt, mal als Besitzobjekt oder Erziehungsmittel überschätzt. Bei Else Günther, einer der bekann­testen und viel gelesenen Kinderbuchautorinnen der Nachkriegszeit, sind die Tiere be­liebte Figuren der Handlung, in der es meistens um wirklichkeitsnahe Situationen aus dem ganz normalen Alltag des menschlichen Lebens geht. In ihren Kinderromanen spie­len die Tiere eine besondere Rolle für die Sozialisierung der Kinder und Jugendlichen. Im vorliegenden Artikel werden die Facetten der Mensch-Tier-Beziehung untersucht bzw. welche Rolle die Tiere bei der Wahrnehmung des Anderen spielen.
"The Symbiosis of Humans and Animals in Marlen Haushofer's novel The Wall. Animals as a Family Substitute"
Authors:   Universitatea de Vest, Timișoara, Kory Beate Petra
Published: June 2022

Marlen Haushofers Roman Die Wand (1963) rückt seit dem Beginn der Corona-Pandemie verstärkt in den Blickpunkt der Aufmerksamkeit, da im Zentrum des Textes eine Protagonistin steht, die plötzlich durch eine über Nacht aufgetauchte Wand von dem Rest der Welt getrennt wird und daher sich selbst überlassen nach Wegen des Überlebens suchen muss. Um in der vollkommenen Isolation nicht den Verstand zu verlieren, stürzt sie sich in die Arbeit, widmet sich ihrem gebliebenen Hund Luchs sowie den anderen ihr zugelaufenen Tieren, einer Kuh und einer Katze und bewahrt sich durch das Setzen von Kartoffeln und Bohnen vor dem Verhungern. Schließlich, als ihr nach zweieinhalb Jahren auch der Hund Luchs und ein männliches Kalb genommen werden, entschließt sie sich wieder am Tiefpunkt ihrer Existenz angelangt, einen Bericht über das Erlebte zu verfassen. Vorliegender Beitrag setzt sich zum Ziel, einen Blick auf die Tierfamilie der Protagonistin zu werfen. Dabei soll nicht nur ihre Beziehung zu den Tieren sowie deren Funktion für ihr Überleben beleuchtet, sondern gleichzeitig sowohl auf die Veränderungen der Tiere durch den engen Kontakt mit ihr als auch umgekehrt auf ihre eigene Verwandlung durch die Sorge um ihre Tierfamilie eingegangen werden sowie auf Verhalten in der Tierwelt, welche der Protagonistin das Überleben sichern könnten. Desgleichen soll die Kommunikation mit den Tieren beleuchtet werden.
Multimodal Emotional Understanding in Robotics
Authors: Heredia Juanpablo , Cardinale Yudith , Dongo Irvin , Aguilera Ana , Diaz-Amado Jose
Published: June 2022

In the context of Human-Robot Interaction (HRI), emotional understanding is becoming more popular because it turns robots more humanized and user-friendly. Giving a robot the ability to recognize emotions has several difficulties due to the limits of the robots’ hardware and the real-world environments in which it works. In this sense, an out-of-robot approach and a multimodal approach can be the solution. This paper presents the implementation of a previous proposed multi-modal emotional system in the context of social robotics; that works on a server and bases its prediction in four modalities as inputs (face, posture, body, and context features) captured through the robot’s sensors; the predicted emotion triggers some robot behavior changes. Working on a server allows overcoming the robot’s hardware limitations but gaining some delay in the communication. Working with several modalities allows facing complex real-world scenarios strongly and adaptively. This research is focused on analyzing, explaining, and arguing the usability and viability of an out-of-robot and multimodal approach for emotional robots. Functionality tests were applied with the expected results, demonstrating that the entire proposed system takes around two seconds; delay justified on the deep learning models used, which are improvable. Regarding the HRI evaluations, a brief discussion about the remaining assessments is presented, explaining how difficult it can be a well-done evaluation of this work. The demonstration of the system functionality can be seen at https://youtu.be/MYYfazSa2N0.
Clinical Profile of Ectopic Pregnancy
Authors: Sharma Savitri , Bai Arti , Rathore Aditya
Published: June 2022

Background: A ruptured ectopic pregnancy is a true emergency and remains the leading cause of pregnancy related first trimester deaths.

Methods: Hospital based Retrospective study conducted on women who presented to our hospital with ectopic pregnancy were analysed from the available hospital documents (bedside records, history, operation theatre records and yearly audit report).

Results: The mean age - 27 ± 3   years.The majority of patients (47.36%) were within the age group 25–29years. A significant proportion (53%) of these were multiparous, while only 26.31%were nuliparous. Majority of the patients had amenorrhea of ?7 weeks. The commonest site of ectopic gestation was the ampullary region while the tubo-ovarian site had the lowest occurrence.

Conclusions: Ectopic pregnancy remains a gynecological emergency in developing countries and a major challenge to the reproductive performance of women worldwide, it should be considered a relevant public health issue in India

Keywords: Ectopic, Pregnancy, Amenorrhoea.
Sistem Pendukung Keputusan Penerima Bantuan UMKM Menggunakan Metode MAUT
Authors: Pantatu Sri Fransiska , Drajana Ivo Colanus Rally
Published: June 2022

Abstrak - Usaha Kecil adalah usaha ekonomi produktif yang berdiri sendiri, yang dilakukan oleh orang perorangan atau badan usaha yang bukan merupakan anak perusahaan atau cabang perusahaan yang dimiliki, dikuasai, atau menjadi bagian baik langsung maupun tidak langsung. Pemberian Bantun UMKM merupakan salah satu permasalahan yang dihadapi oleh pihak Dinas Perindaq dalam menentukan siapa yang benar-benar berhak menerima bantuan UMKM, pihak Dinas Perindaq masih mengambil keputusan dengan cara subyektif sehingga indikator layak bagi seseorang akan berbeda dengan orang lain. Sistem pendukung keputusan adalah solusi yang dapat dilakukan untuk mengetahui hasil seleksi Penerima Bantuan UMKM dengan menggunakan metode MAUT sehingga dapat diimplementasikan. Dari hasil penelitian yang dilakukan menggunakan PHP dengan database MySQL. Metode MAUT memberikan penilaian hasil akhir dengan melakukan perangkingan dari Nilai Alternatif Tertinggi ke Terendah. Untuk membuktikan kelayakan dari sistem ini telah melalui pengujian sistem dengan hasil CyclometicComplexity = 6 dengan demikian maka sistem ini layak digunakan.Kata kunci: Bantuan UMKM, SPK, MAUT  Abstract - Small Business is a productive economic business that stands alone, which is carried out by individuals or business entities that are not subsidiaries or branches of companies that are owned, controlled, or become part of either directly or indirectly. The provision of MSME assistance is one of the problems faced by the Industry and Trade Office in determining who is really entitled to receive MSME assistance, the Industry and Trade Office still makes subjective decisions so that the correct indicator for a person will be different. from other people. The decision support system is a solution that can be done to find out the results of the selection of MSME Assistance Recipients using the MAUT method so that it can be implemented. From the results of research conducted using PHP with MySQL database. The MAUT method provides an assessment of the final results by ranking from the Highest Alternative Value to the Lowest. To prove the feasibility of this system, the system has been tested with the results of Cyclometic Complexity = 6, thus this system is feasible to use.Keywords: Asistance UMKM, SPK, MAUT
MAKNA TRADISI PONAN BAGI PENGEMBANGAN PENDIDIKAN AKUNTANSI
Authors: Martadinata Sudrajat , Faturrahman Fadli
Published: June 2022

The purpose of this research is to discover the significance of the Ponan tradition for the advancement of accounting education. The study was carried out in Poto Village, Moyo Hilir District, Sumbawa Regency. Purposive Sampling was used to identify the informants under the study. Ethnographic method was used as a data analysis tool. The Ponan tradition is divided into three meanings: gratitude, kinship, and fertility. The implication can be used as a guideline when developing an accounting education curriculum based on local wisdom.
PENGARUH PROFITABILITAS, KEPEMILIKAN MANAJERIAL, DAN KEBIJAKAN DIVIDEN TERHADAP KEBIJAKAN HUTANG
Authors: Wardana Ditya
Published: June 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji pengaruh kepemilikan manajerial, kebijakan dividen dan profitabilitas terhadap kebijakan hutang pada perusahaan sub sektor property dan real estate yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI) periode 2016-2019. Kebijakan hutang dihitung dengan menggunakan debt to equity ratio (DER), kepemilikan manajerial dihitung menggunakan managerial ownership (MOWN), kebijakan dividen dihitung menggunakan dividend payout ratio (DPR), dan profitabilitas dihitung menggunakan return on asset (ROA). Objek penelitian adalah sub sektor property dan real estate yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia dengan sampel sebanyak 40 perusahaan yang diambil melalui purposive sampling. Pengujian hipotesis dalam penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan analisis regresi berganda. Hasil penelitian melalui uji t menunjukkan bahwa profitabilitas berpengaruh terhadap kebijakan hutang sedangkan kepemilikan manajerial dan kebijakan dividen tidak berpengaruh terhadap kebijakan hutang.
Redressing Policy Making in Pastoral Areas of the Mediterranean Region
Authors:   PASTRES Project, European University Institute, Florence, Italy.  Email: michele.nori@eui.eu, Nori Michele
Published: June 2022

This article provides a critical analysis of the evolution of the policy, institutional and legislative frameworks impinging on the livelihoods of pastoral communities in the different flanks of the Mediterranean, and of the underpinning narratives, with a view to support a better informed and more consistent policy framework. The Common Agricultural Policy of the European Union is paramount in defining evolving and shrinking pastoralists’ room for manoeuvre, not only in Europe but also in its neighbouring regions. In Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region, despite a quite un-harmonised and diversified ideological and institutional setting, agricultural policies in the different countries seem to converge to a very similar and consistent framework. Throughout the Mediterranean, the growing compliance with policy measures, institutional regulations and legislative rules have exposed agro-pastoral farms to increasing degrees of uncertainty and dependence on public subsidies, loan schemes and market prices, making their navigation decreasingly sustainable.
Aplikasi Ekstrak Kulit Buah Nanas Sebagai Inhibitor Korosi Pada Baja Di Lingkungan NaCl 3,5%
Authors: Setyowati Lia Arum , Dimarzio Gary , Astuti Dwi Hery
Published: June 2022

Korosi adalah salah satu peristiwa perusakan logam yang terjadi secara spontan. Peristiwa korosi mudah terjadi pada peralatan mesin industri yang berbahan baja. Peristiwa korosi semakin mudah terjadi ketika alat industri berkontak langsung dengan lingkungan yang korosif, seperti air laut. Salah satu pencegahan korosi yang dilakukan terhadap logam baja adalah dengan penambahan inhibitor korosi pada media yang berkontak langsung. Inhibitor dari bahan alami menjadi alternatif sebagai inhibitor ramah lingkungan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas dari inhibitor korosi dari ekstrak kulitmnanas pada baja karbon rendah dalam lingkungan NaCl 3,5%. Perhitungan laju korosi menggunakan metode weight loss. Penelitian ini menggunakan variabel konsentrasi inhibitor yaitu 5, 10, 15, 20, 25 ppm dan durasi waktu perendaman 3, 6, 9, 12 dan 15 hari. Dari hasil penelitian menunjukkan penambahan ekstrak kulit nanas sebagai inhibitor dapat menurunkan laju korosi baja karbon rendah dengan laju korosi terkecil yaitu sebesar 2,867 mpy selama 3 hari dengan konsentrasi inhibitor 25 ppm dan efisiensi inhibitor paling besar yaitu pada 25 ppm selama 3 hari sebesar 0,8443%.
Pemanfaatan Eceng Gondok sebagai Adsorben dengan Perlakuan Awal untuk Menurunkan Kadar Logam Berat Cu
Authors: Fadhilah Nurul Fitri , Wibowo Era Bacharudin Tri , Astuti Dwi Hery , Billah Mu'tasim
Published: June 2022

Industri kimia yang dalam prosesnya menggunakan katalis tembaga ataupun garam tembaga biasanya dalam limbah yang dibuang ke lingkungan juga akan terikut logam berat tembaga (Cu). Mengingat bahaya yang ditimbulkan oleh logam berat tembaga, maka dilakukan upaya untuk mengurangi kadar limbah tembaga di perairan. Salah satu metode yang dapat mengatasi kelebihan logam Cu adalah dengan proses adsorpsi. Proses adsorpsi memiliki banyak keuntungan, diantaranya dalam pengadaan media lebih ekonomis dan tidak men-imbulkan efek samping yang beracun. Tanaman Eceng gondok merupakan tanaman yang memiliki kandungan karbon cukup tinggi, sehingga tanaman eceng gondok berpotensi untuk dijadikan bahan baku pembuatan karbon aktif. Penelitian ini akan memeplejarari pembuatan eceng godondok sebagai karbon aktif. Proses dalam pembu-atan karbon aktif diawali dengan memasak eceng gondok dengan larutan NaOH untuk meningkatkan jumlah selulosa sebagai bahan utama pembutan karbon aktif. Kemudian eceng gondok dikeringkan dan dijadikan ser-buk. Selanjutnya serbuk eceng gondok diaktivasi dengan HCl. Proses uji adsorben dilakukan dengan menam-bahkan karbon aktif pada larutan CuSO4 dengan variabel konsentrasi 2 M, 2.4M, 2.8 M, 3.2 M, 3.6 M dan waktu pengontakkan 25, 35, 50, 65, 80 menit. Hasil analisa dari metode spektrofotometri serapan atom (AAS) bahwa semakin besar konsentrasi dan waktu pengontakan maka semakin tinggi effesiensi penyerapan karbon konsentrasi aktivator 3,6 M dengan waktu pengontakan 80 menit sehingga effesiensi penyerapan Cu sebesar 42,892 %.
Penurunan BOD dan COD pada Limbah Cair Industri Rumput Laut Mengunakan Ion Exchange dalam Reaktor Fixed Bed
Authors: Hifdillah Muhammad Hakiki , Damayanti Wisnu , Widodo Laurentius Urip
Published: June 2022

Salah satu masalah dari industri rumput laut adalah pengolahan limbahnya. Limbah cair yang dihasilkan oleh industri rumput laut memiliki kandungan BOD awal 4813,53 mg/liter dan COD sebesar 9023,26 mg/L. Pada penelitian ini akan dilakukan penurunan kadar BOD dan COD dari limbah cair industri rumput laut dengan mengunakan ion exchange dalam reactor fixed bed. Variabel yang kami gunakan adalah tinggi unggun yaitu 10cm, 15cm, 20cm, 25cm, 30cm dan laju alir sebesar 1ml/s, 2 ml/s, 3 ml/s, 4 ml/s, 5 ml/s. Penurunan kadar COD dan BOD yang terendah diperoleh pada proses pengontakkan dengan tinggi unggun sebesar 30 cm dan kecepatan alir sebesar 1 ml/det yaituuntuk COD sebesar 2399.23 mg/L sedangkan, untuk BOD sebesar 611.55 mg/L.
Produksi Biobutanol dari Fruktosa Food Grade
Authors: Widyastuti Kurnia , Maulana Muhammad Reza , Billah Mu'tassim
Published: June 2022

Dunia kini menghadapi masalah pencemaran lingkungan karena penggunaan bahan bakar fosil yang ekstensif dalam industri atau transportasi. Oleh karena itu, sangat mendesak untuk menemukan sumber daya terbarukan alternatif untuk produksi bahan bakar cair dan bahan kimia.  Energi alternatif dari senyawa alkohol yang telah dikembangkan di Indonesia adalah bioetanol. Biofuel dari senyawa alkohol lainnya yang telah dikembangkan adalah bio-butanol. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan energi alternatif pengganti minyak bumi berupa bio-butanol. Bio-butanol adalah senyawa alkohol yang memiliki rumus molekul C4H9OH dan dihasilkan dari proses fermentasi bahan-bahan organik yang memiliki kandungan karbohidrat dengan menggunakan bakteri Clostridium Acetobutylicum. Fruktosa food grade diencerkan dengan air lalu difermentasi dengan penambahan bakteri Clostridium acetobutylicum selama 12 hari pada temperature ruang. Pelaksanaan penelitian dengan memfermentasi larutan fruktosa  (6%v/v; 9%v/v; 12%v/v; 15%v/v; dan 18%v/v) dan jumlah bakteri Clostridium acetobutylicum (1; 2; 3; 4; 5 ml). Pengujian kadar biobutanol dianalisa menggunakan GC (Gas Chromatography). Kadar biobutanol yang relative baik dihasilkan dari fermentasi larutan fruktosa 15%v/v dan jumlah bakteri sebanyak 5 ml dengan hasil 0,9058%v/v.
تباين القرائن في الحكم على الراوي والمروي بين الإمام الترمذي في الجامع والشيخ أحمد شاكر في تحقيقه:نماذج منتقاة من أبواب الطهارة والصلاة
Authors: Hafidi Hakima Ahmed
Published: June 2022

The aim of this research is to highlight the discrepancy in the evidence for the judgement of the narrator and the narration between Imam al-Tirmidhi in his "Al-Jami’" and Sheikh Ahmed Shakir in his investigation of Al- Jami’. The content is divided into requirements, each of which deals with the study of a selected example from the chapters of Purity and Prayer. The study led to numerous findings most notably: that al-Tirmidhi was a contemporary of the era of narration, so he was familiar with its realities and circumstances, sitting with imams and learning from Sheikhs of the time. So, like them, he became famous for his imamate, his inductive approach, his compiling and detailed investigation. However, Ahmed Shaker lived in the 14th century after the sunnah was compiled, narrations were selected and authenticated, judgements were settled, and books were written. So, it is believed he chose an approach based on selection and transfer from previous scholars. His efforts are undeniable for those who are familiar with his investigations of narration and hadith books like Musnad Ahmed and al-Tirmidhi’s Al-Jami’ as well as his explanation of Ibn Kathir's 'Uloom al-Hadith. He agreed with al-Tirmidhi on most comments and disagreed with him on some others. In points of disagreement, Sheikh Ahmed Shaker based his investigation on looking into the apparent conditions of narrators, and in most of these points, he found Imam Tirmidhi to be right.
Assessing the Effects of a Reformed System of Student Evaluation of Teaching
Authors: Lukáts Gergely Dániel , Berezvai Zombor , Molontay Roland
Published: June 2022

The importance of student evaluation of teaching (SET) in higher education has increased substantially in the past decades. Despite this increase, there is no consensus on the most efficient way of executing these surveys or about the questions. This study analyses the impact of an SET system reform on the distribution of the responses and the response rate. The reform impacted the questions, the scale used for evaluation, the anchor labels of the scale elements, and the incentives for students to fill out the survey. Our results show that the number of extreme responses increased after the reform, which can be due to the elimination of anchor labels of the middle scale points. Insufficient effort bias also increased; however, the new motivation system doubled the response rate, which helped to collect more representative sets of evaluations. Taking into consideration the relatively small increase in insufficient responses, we believe this incentive can be a valid choice for SET surveys.
An interdisciplinary consensus on the management of brain metastases in patients with renal cell carcinoma
Authors: Hasanov Elshad , Yeboa Debra Nana , Tucker Mathew D. , Swanson Todd A. , Beckham Thomas Hendrix , Rini Brian , Ene Chibawanye I. , Hasanov Merve , Derks Sophie , Smits Marion , Dudani Shaan , Heng Daniel Y. C. , Brastianos Priscilla K. , Bex Axel , Hanalioglu Sahin , Weinberg Jeffrey S. , Hirsch Laure , Carlo Maria I. , Aizer Ayal , Brown Paul David , Bilen Mehmet Asim , Chang Eric Lin , Jaboin Jerry , Brugarolas James , Choueiri Toni K. , Atkins Michael B. , McGregor Bradley A. , Halasz Lia M. , Patel Toral R. , Soltys Scott G. , McDermott David F. , Elder James Bradley , Baskaya Mustafa K. , Yu James B. , Timmerman Robert , Kim Michelle Miran , Mut Melike , Markert James , Beal Kathryn , Tannir Nizar M. , Samandouras George , Lang Frederick F. , Giles Rachel , Jonasch Eric
Published: June 2022

Brain metastases are a challenging manifestation of renal cell carcinoma. We have a limited understanding of brain metastasis tumor and immune biology, drivers of resistance to systemic treatment, and their overall poor prognosis. Current data support a multimodal treatment strategy with radiation treatment and/or surgery. Nonetheless, the optimal approach for the management of brain metastases from renal cell carcinoma remains unclear. To improve patient care, the authors sought to standardize practical management strategies. They performed an unstructured literature review and elaborated on the current management strategies through an international group of experts from different disciplines assembled via the network of the International Kidney Cancer Coalition. Experts from different disciplines were administered a survey to answer questions related to current challenges and unmet patient needs. On the basis of the integrated approach of literature review and survey study results, the authors built algorithms for the management of single and multiple brain metastases in patients with renal cell carcinoma. The literature review, consensus statements, and algorithms presented in this report can serve as a framework guiding treatment decisions for patients. CA Cancer J Clin. 2022;72:454‐489.
Examining the interrelationships between mindfulness‐based interventions, depression, inflammation, and cancer survival
Authors: Marinovic Debra A. , Hunter Rebecca L.
Published: June 2022

Depression is highly prevalent in those diagnosed with cancer and is also associated with poorer prognostic outcomes. Mindfulness‐based interventions are effective in reducing depressive symptoms and improving quality of life in patients with cancer. The objective of this review was to investigate whether mindfulness practices can improve survival and, if so, what mechanisms of action may contribute to these outcomes. Although no long‐term studies have investigated this hypothesis, the current literature supports an inflammatory basis for depression, implicating proinflammatory cytokines and hypothalamic‐pituitary‐adrenal axis dysfunction as contributing factors. Markers of inflammation, such as interleukin‐6, tumor necrosis factor‐α, and cortisol, are all found at elevated concentrations in many depressed individuals. These exact mechanisms are associated with higher mortality in patients with cancer. Mindfulness has been studied for its effects on cytokine and cortisol levels, and there are promising data to support that the intervention can measurably decrease inflammation. Therefore, it is conceivable that mindfulness programs can affect survival in this population. There are limited data on the long‐term effects of mindfulness on depression and inflammatory markers in patients with cancer, and there are potential barriers to the implementation of mindfulness‐based interventions as part of a comprehensive treatment plan. Therefore, it is necessary to further explore these questions through longitudinal studies to establish a survival correlation. CA Cancer J Clin. 2022;72:490‐502.
HOW VISION COLLABORATES WITH THOUGHT TO BRING INFORMATION INTO THE MIND
Authors:   Université of Perpignan France, Sahakyan Inesa
Published: June 2022

“To gaze is to think” notes Salvador Dalí. The artist’s observation is illustrative of the tradition of representing perception as analogical with thinking. Analysing perception, Arnheim, for example, claims that there is no difference between a percept and a concept inasmuch as “perception consists in fitting stimulus material with templates,” also called “visual concepts” (Arnheim 1997 [1969]: 27-28). The question that concerns us here is – how can the same visual pattern yield different concepts for different interpreters? In an attempt to answer this question the paper examines the complex dynamics involved in the perception of one of the most controversial works in the history of art – Mona Lisa by Leonardo da Vinci. To account for divergent interpretations of an image, we introduce a dichotomy of immediate and dynamical propositions of perception, a distinction inspired by the Peircean semiotic theory. Immediate propositions (IPs) of perception consist in the attribution of qualities to the perceived object as they are immediately present in the field of vision, as opposed to dynamical propositions (DPs) which bear on the qualities of the given object not necessarily perceived at the instance of perception but rather attributed to it in the past experience. By examining some various ways in which Leonardo’s image has been interpreted, we demonstrate how experience of prior perceptions interferes with the present perception to construct the meaning of a visual pattern. This paper falls within what is considered as the new paradigm of cognitive semiotics inasmuch as it deals with cognitive issues such as visual perception, the processing of visual information and the construction of meaning while taking a semiotic approach, notably, inspired by Charles Sanders Peirce. Our key endeavour consists in determining how the process of visual perception is accomplished. For a thorough consideration of this issue, it was divided into distinct questions as follows: what is information; how is it perceived; what are the constituent elements of perception; what is the role of thought in perception; and what exactly does the collaboration of vision and thought in the process of visual perception consist in? We throw a look at the functioning of the senses, and in particular the sense of vision, so as to determine the role of the senses, as well as the nature of their interaction with the mind in the process of perception. Keywords: vision, mind, thought, information processing, visual perception, meaning
A Semiotic Appraisal of Ayélèrémẹ̀ Festival in Ìpè Àkókó, Nigeria
Authors:   Adékúnlé Ajásin University, Nigeria., ARÓWÓṢẸGBẸ́, Deborah Bámidélé
Published: June 2022

Yorùbá traditional festival is a veritable source of data for the study and understanding of the general ways of life of the Yorùbá at home and in the Diaspora. Observation shows that not much scholarly works had been done on festivals in Àkókó Area of Oǹdó State, Nigeria. This paper brings forth the cultural semiotic analysis of Ayélèrémẹ̀ festival in Ìpè-Àkókó. Cultural semiotics is a signification theory investigating a sign-system in a culture. Our findings show that Ayélèrémẹ̀ festival which is a sign-related festival is performed in commemoration of what Ọkpàrà did to his wife at the arrival of their first child. Among the codes used in the festival are Ùtà, iconizing the presence of Ọkpàrà and his wife and number of Agbóginá strings signifying the number of first born children. The paper suggests that a building be inscribed with the names of Ọkpàrà and his wife to immortalize them. Keywords: Ùtà, Ọkpàrà, Ìtèlè, Ègùn, Agbóginá
Prevalence of Refractive Errors among Primary School Children in the Southern Region of Bangladesh
Authors: Ul Kadir Syeed Mehbub , Ali Mahar , Islam Md Shirajul , Parvin Rukhsana , Quadir ASM , Raihani Mostafa Jahir , Islam AKM Rafiqul , Ahmmed Saifuddin
Published: June 2022

Refractive errors are considered as avoidable conditions which may lead to visual disabilities in children. A cross-sectional study was conducted between January and May of 2021 in a tertiary level specialized eye hospital in the southern region of Bangladesh to assess the refractive errors among primary (elementary) school children. Our study population was all the primary school children attending the outpatient department of the hospital. However, we used convenient sampling in the study. A total of 252 primary school-going children were examined – 148(58.7%) boys and 104(41.3%) girls. Among them, the minimum age was seven years, and the maximum age was 12 years. The mean age of the children was 9.67 years. Among the refractive errors, myopia was the highest prevalent condition (103 children, 50%), followed by astigmatism (77 children, 37.4%), and hyperopia (26 children, 12.6%). Among astigmatism, myopic astigmatism was 58(75.3%), while mixed astigmatism was observed in 13(17%) children and hyperopic astigmatism was found in 6(7.8%) children. The amblyopia was noted in 17 children (6.7%). The visual acuity was improved after corrections of the refractive errors.

CBMJ 2022 January: vol. 11 no. 01 P: 41-45