bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
TANTANGAN DAN STRATEGI PELAYANAN ANAK DI ERA PASCAMODERN
Authors: Zendrato Marhaenita
Published: July 2021

Abstract: Children ministry nowadays faces challenges both from inside and outside church. This article focuses on the external challenges, namely the postmodern influence on the paradigm of the generation Z and what the church can do to respond. Some challenges in as well as opportunities for the ministry of the generation Z include the center on technology and media, the rising of new morality that set asides the value of an absolute truth, the emphasis on experience and not only on fact, and lastly, the rejection of authority or figures with authority and the appreciation for personality that is real, authentic, and trustworthy. In the face of these challenges, this article proposes several thoughts to be considered by the church for its children ministry in current context, namely: first, including children in the common worship, together with the adult congregations, as a means of nurturing the children’s’ faith. Secondly, in preaching, the children minister needs to exercise open approach Bible study, not close one, where children are led to ponder and discover from the biblical narratives truths and values for their personal lives. Lastly, to encourage and equip both parents to regain roles that God has designed for them, to actively participate in the spiritual formation of their children.

 

Keywords: children ministry, worldview, generation Z.

 

 

Abstrak: Pelayanan anak dewasa ini mendapatkan tantangan baik dari dalam maupun dari luar gereja. Artikel ini secara khusus menyoroti tantangan dari luar, yaitu pengaruh pascamodernisme terhadap paradigma generasi Z dan apa yang dapat gereja lakukan dalam meresponinya. Beberapa tantangan yang sekaligus dapat menjadi peluang bagi pelayanan kepada generasi Z adalah: adanya pemusatan pada teknologi dan media, munculnya moralitas baru yang menggeser nilai kebenaran absolut, penekanan pada pengalaman dan bukan hanya fakta, dan terakhir adalah penolakan pada otoritas atau figur otoritatif dan apresiasi pada pribadi yang real, otentik, dan dapat dipercaya. Berhadapan dengan tantangan demikian, beberapa hal yang perlu dipertimbangkan oleh gereja dalam melakukan pelayanan anak dalam konteks kekinian yang diusulkan dalam artikel ini antara lain: pertama, melibatkan anak-anak dalam ibadah bersama dengan jemaat dewasa sebagai salah satu bentuk pengasuhan iman anak. Kedua, dalam hal pemberitaan firman, pelayan anak perlu menerapkan sistem studi Alkitab yang terbuka bukan yang tertutup, di mana anak dituntun untuk memikirkan dan menemukan kebenaran serta nilai-nilai pribadi mereka sendiri dari kisah-kisah Alkitab. Terakhir, mendorong serta memperlengkapi orang tua, yaitu ayah dan ibu untuk kembali kepada peran yang Allah rancang bagi para orang tua untuk berperan aktif dalam pembentukan spiritual anak-anaknya.

 

Kata-kata kunci: pelayanan anak, pandangan dunia (worldview), generasi Z.
Cardiovascular Health in a Single Community in Rural Haiti: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Polsinelli Vincenzo B.
Published: July 2021

Introduction
There is a growing burden of cardiovascular disease in low- and middle-income countries and assessment of cardiovascular health (CVH) may identify populations at risk for poor CVH.

Methods
Between July 2014 and August 2014, we performed a household survey from a convenience sample among adult community members in rural northern Haiti. We used a modified World Health Organization STEPwise approach to chronic disease questionnaire to capture self-reported data on tobacco, diet, physical activity, and diabetes, and measured blood pressure and body mass index. We used an adapted American Heart Association definition and thresholds for determining ideal, intermediate, and poor cardiovascular health. We used linear and logistic regression to examine associations between socio-demographic characteristics with CVH score and ideal CVH.

Results
Among 540 participants (mean [SD] age = 40.3 [17.1] years, 67% women), there was a high prevalence of poor CVH (n=476, 88.1%) compared with intermediate (n=56, 10.4%) and ideal (n=41, 7.6%) CVH. Ideal metrics for blood pressure (47%) and diet (26%) were least often met, while body weight (84%), physical activity (83%), and smoking (90%) were most often met. Men were associated with better CVH score (0.31, [0.04–0.59]; P=0.03), and being a farmer was associated with ideal CVH (P=0.006).

Conclusion
In this community-based sample of a farming community in rural Haiti, very few adults had ideal CVH. Higher CVH score was associated with male sex, and farming as a primary occupation. Women and non-farmers may represent at-risk subgroups within this population. Blood pressure and diet may represent possible areas for improvement.

Keywords: Haiti; Cardiovascular Health; Cardiovascular disease epidemiology; Hypertension.
Optimization and Experimental Testing of Car Door Handle Using 3 Point Bending Test and 3D Printing Technology
Authors: Singh Brahmanand , Sonawane Prof. Pawankumar R. , More Dr. Kiran C.
Published: July 2021

Doors are the most essential hardware used by human beings daily. Doors are used for sense of security to ourselves. To operate the door, we need door handle and it’s the most important part in door. Door handles are used for opening and closing of a door with minimum effort. Various types of door handle such as lever handle, doorknob and pull handles are the different kind of handles we came across in our day-to-day life. There are various designs of door handles are available so that we are unaware of door handles selection criteria. The aim of this work is to study different material and internal design of car door interior handle. For that purpose, we used FEA software for understanding which material and which shape have more strength and optimize design. In this project we used two different structure one is honeycomb structure and other is auxetic structure for inside section of car door interior handle. Optimized car door interior handle will be manufacture using 3D printing technology. The behaviors of these structures under three-point bending were investigated by using UTM.
IMPLICAÇÕES SOCIOAMBIENTAIS ENTRE CAMPONESES E O AGRONEGÓCIO DO DENDÊ NO NORDESTE PARAENSE
Authors: Sousa Rafael Benevides de , Macedo Cátia Oliveira
Published: July 2021

Este artigo tem como objetivo discutir questões socioambientais impetradas em comunidades rurais, pressionadas pela produção da palma de dendê no nordeste paraense, em particular, nos municípios de Acará, Bujaru e Concórdia do Pará. Os dados de campo revelaram que a entrada do dendê nessa região da Amazônia pressionou os territórios campesinos, agravando problemas relacionados à água e à floresta. Destacaram-se especialmente os impactos relacionados aos igarapés, espaços de sociabilidade e rememoração das ancestralidades, agora impróprios para a realização da vida em decorrência dos poluentes químicos que fluem dos campos de dendê e alcançam os igarapés. Outros fatores concorreram para isso: o desmatamento, o consequente avanço de bichos peçonhentos sobre as unidades domésticas e os problemas relacionados a mobilidade em decorrência das péssimas condições das vias de acesso aos territórios campesinos cercados pelo dendê. Como metodologia de pesquisa, utilizamos a pesquisa de campo, a captação de dados qualitativos, com a técnica de entrevista sobre a história de vida.
VITIMIZAÇÃO DE ESTUDANTES UNIVERSITÁRIOS EM SUA MOBILIDADE URBANA EM RIO CLARO, SÃO PAULO
Authors: Nourani Farid , Antonello Sérgio Luis , Govone José Silvio
Published: July 2021

Este artigo apresenta alguns resultados de uma pesquisa realizada com estudantes da UNESP, Campus de Rio Claro, para avaliar alguns fatores relacionados à sua vitimização na mobilidade urbana, com foco na vitimização sexual das mulheres em meios de transporte público. Neste estudo foram analisadas as inter-relações entre características pessoais, influências socioculturais e condições de infraestrutura de ambientes relacionados a transporte urbano. A pesquisa foi realizada no primeiro semestre de 2018, quando foram coletados 462 questionários com respostas válidas. O perfil dos participantes se constituiu de 46,6% do sexo feminino e 42,6% do sexo masculino, sendo 69,7% de brancos e 19,5% de não-brancos (por auto declaração). Estudantes que declararam pertencer ao grupo LGBT+ representam 19,8% do total de respondentes. Os estudantes da UNESP usam 6 diferentes modais de transporte: bicicleta, carro, motocicleta, táxi, transporte por aplicativo e ônibus. Os grupos de estudantes mais vulneráveis foram identificados como LGBT+ com 31,7% de vítimas, mulheres com 26,5% de vítimas e não-brancos com 21,4% de vítimas.
FIXAÇÃO BIOLÓGICA DE NITROGÊNIO NO FEIJOEIRO - RESTRIÇOES E MELHORAMENTO: UMA REVISÃO DE LITERATURA
Authors: Rocha Taine Teotonio Teixeira da , Martins Taise Da Rocha
Published: July 2021

Introdução: Tipicamente uma leguminosa, a espécie Phaseolus vulgaris possui a capacidade de associar simbioticamente com bactérias do gênero Rhizobium e destas obter a fixação direta de nitrogênio. Todavia, a espécie não consegue se beneficiar eficientemente da simbiose em função de características intrínsecas da planta e das bactérias fixadoras. Com a ausência histórica de fomento que pudesse propor a cultura o que se observa na cultura soja (Glycine Max), na qual o nitrogênio é integralmente ofertado a planta por bactérias simbioticamente fixadoras, faz com que a adubação mineral seja uma pratica indispensável, o que intensifica os custos de produção e os impactos ambientais causados pela dinâmica de perdas do nitrogênio. Objetivos: Entender quais as restrições do feijoeiro em se beneficiar de forma eficaz da fixação biológica e o que vem sendo trabalhado nos programas de melhoramento sobre essa característica. Material e Métodos: Foi realizada uma pesquisa em meios digitais e impressos de publicações nos idiomas português e inglês, utilizando como palavras chaves: Phaseolus vulgaris, genótipos superiores, fixação biológica de nitrogênio e melhoramento. Os trabalhos foram selecionados e inclusos conforme o grau técnico- cientifico da metodologia apresentada. Resultados: Os programas de melhoramento do feijoeiro para essa característica visam identificar e selecionar genótipos que apresentam maior afinidade com essas bactérias. A realização de análises destrutivas é um parâmetro que dificulta os avanços dos programas, assim como a determinação do método de melhoramento. Embora alguns trabalhos divergem, mas estudos apontam que o método de linhas derivadas (LDF) é o mais eficiente quando o objetivo do melhoramento é a fixação biológica de nitrogênio. As restrições inclusas na cultura estão associadas a nodulação tardia das raízes, promiscuidade na relação com bactérias diazotróficas e ao processo de domesticação e seleção de determinadas cultivares visando características desejáveis apenas no aspecto comercial. Conclusão: A seleção de genótipos superiores para essa característica na cultura é uma necessidade válida e exploratória aos argumentos de sustentabilidade, reduzindo os custos de produção e os impactos ambientais. Todavia, essa característica não é integralmente enfatizada e notória aos resultados obtidos no melhoramento da espécie, embora novas técnicas para a seleção destes genótipos venham sendo estudadas.
Outcomes of phacoemulsification on the corneal endothelium in diabetic versus non-diabetic patients: a prospective non-randomized controlled interventional study
Authors: Mahmoud Alaa , Moussa Ismail , Abozaid Mortada , Iqbal Mohammed
Published: July 2021

Background: Cataract surgery in patients with diabetes is indicated either to improve visual acuity or to allow assessment and treatment of fundus changes. We aimed to document the effects of phacoemulsification on the corneal endothelium in patients with or without diabetes.

Methods: This comparative, prospective, non-randomized controlled interventional study was conducted in patients with visually significant immature senile cataracts in the ophthalmology department at Sohag University Hospital between January 2018 and December 2020. The following data were recorded: corrected distance visual acuity, keratometry readings, refraction, slit lamp examination results, and biometry data. Changes in corneal parameters were documented preoperatively and at 1, 3, and 6 months postoperatively using specular microscopy.

Results: Sixty-four eyes of 64 patients with visually significant senile cataracts were included (32 eyes in the diabetic group and 32 eyes in the non-diabetic control group). We found greater mean endothelial cell loss in the non-diabetic group (179 cells/mm2; 6.4%) than in the diabetic group (134 cells/mm2; 4.8%) at 3 months postoperatively, yet the difference was not significant. The difference could be explained by the higher mean cumulative dissipated energy (CDE) used in the non-diabetic group (5.37 J) than in the diabetic group (4.68 J), although the difference was also not significant. Moreover, we found significantly higher coefficient of variation (CV) in the non-diabetic group than in the diabetic group at 1, 3, and 6 months postoperatively (P = 0.03, P = 0.02, and P = 0.008, respectively).

Conclusions: Endothelial cell density was directly related to the CDE of phacoemulsification and not to diabetes. CV was significantly higher in the non-diabetic group than in the diabetic group. Future studies with a larger sample size, longer follow-up, and more diabetic subgroups with different levels of glycemic control are warranted to verify our conclusions.

How to cite this article: Mahmoud A, Moussa I, Abozaid M, Iqbal M. Outcomes of phacoemulsification on the corneal endothelium in diabetic versus non-diabetic patients: a prospective non-randomized controlled interventional study. Med Hypothesis Discov Innov Optom. 2021 Spring; 2(1): 1-7. DOI: https://doi.org/10.51329/mehdioptometry119
Pharmaceutical treatment of primary open angle glaucoma
Authors: Al-Namaeh Mashael
Published: July 2021

Background: Glaucoma is a progressive, irreversible optic neuropathy that results in serious vision loss and blindness. This review aimed to summarize key concepts of primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) pharmaceutical treatment trials over the last decade.

Methods: We searched PubMed/MEDLINE and clinicaltrials.gov from January 1, 2010, to August 31, 2020, using the key words “POAG” and “Ocular topical therapeutics”. This search yielded 77 and 120 papers, respectively.

Results: Thirty-three records were compatible with our inclusion criteria. Pharmaceutical treatment is a common intervention in POAG for lowering IOP. Prostaglandin (PG) analogues are most commonly recommended as initial medical therapy, which are administrated either as a monotherapy or in combination with other IOP-lowering classes of medications. Alternative therapies, such as ?-blockers, ?-2 adrenergic receptor agonists, and topical carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, have been used in combination or as a monotherapy. Rho-kinase inhibitors, such as netarsudil 0.02%, AR-13324 0.02%, and ripasudil are new IOP-lowering medications. Despite IOP reduction, there is a significant number of patients with POAG that may experience disease progression, and the risk of blindness over the long term is considerable.

Conclusions: Clinical trials have indicated that pharmaceutical treatment of POAG is effective and safe. In addition, the new novel Rho-kinase inhibitors have shown significant IOP reduction. The new fixed combinations have also yielded significant reductions in IOP. POAG is a cause of irreversible vision loss, if not diagnosed and treated early. The condition is likely to progress in a significant number of patients, with a considerable risk of blindness in the long-term.

How to cite this article: Al-Namaeh M. Pharmaceutical treatment of primary open angle glaucoma. Med Hypothesis Discov Innov Optom. 2021 Spring; 2(1): 8-17. DOI: https://doi.org/10.51329/mehdioptometry120
The prevalence of amblyopia in 7–9-year-old schoolchildren in Mashhad
Authors: Shahpary Saeed , Ramin Shahrokh , Azimi Abbas , Heyrani Mohsen
Published: July 2021

Background: To determine the prevalence of amblyopia in schoolchildren aged 7–9 years old in Mashhad, Iran.

Methods: This was a cross-sectional, community-based study with schoolchildren aged 7–9 years old. We randomly selected 20 of 189 elementary schools (three schools per district; 10 male-segregated and 10 female-segregated schools) from a proportional combination of public schools across Mashhad. Basic vision exams were performed. If amblyopia was suspected, children underwent supplementary vision exams. The diagnostic criterion for amblyopia was a best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) in one or both eyes equal to or worse than 20/40 or an interocular difference of more than two lines in BCVA without any significant organic pathology.

Results: A total of 2831 children were included in the study. All children were examined comprehensively by an optometrist, and amblyopia was detected in 49/2831 (1.7% [95% CI, 1.22?2.18]). Of the 49 children with amblyopia, 20 (40.8%) were amblyopic in the right eye, 9 (18.4%) in the left eye, and 20 (40.8%) in both eyes. Twenty-four (49%) were first graders, 15 (30.6%) were second graders, and 10 (20.4%) were third graders. The most prevalent subtype of amblyopia was anisometropic amblyopia (57.1%, [95% CI, 43.24?70.96]).

Conclusions: Considering the prevalence of amblyopia among schoolchildren aged 7–9 years old (1.7%), timely detection of amblyopia through preschool screening programs is essential for early treatment or prevention of further visual impairment during childhood.

How to cite this article: Shahpary S, Ramin S, Azimi A, Heyrani M. The prevalence of amblyopia in 7-9-year-old schoolchildren in Mashhad. Med Hypothesis Discov Innov Optom.2021 Spring; 2(1): 18-23. DOI: https://doi.org/10.51329/mehdioptometry121
Diagnostic and therapeutic approaches to optic disc pit maculopathy in children
Authors: Kalogeropoulos Dimitrios , Asproudis Ioannis , Ch'ng Soon Wai , Mitra Arijit , Sharma Ash , Katsikatsos Konstantinos , Asproudis Christopher , Kalogeropoulos Chris
Published: July 2021

Background: Optic disc pit (ODP) is a rare congenital defect of the optic disc that can lead to maculopathy and gradual visual impairment. This review summarizes our current knowledge on the diagnostic and therapeutic approaches to ODP maculopathy (ODP-M) in children.

Methods: A thorough literature search was performed using the PubMed/MEDLINE database from 1960 to 2020. An additional search was conducted using Google Scholar for completeness.

Results: ODP-M is characterized by the accumulation of subretinal and/or intraretinal fluid. The exact pathogenetic mechanisms are not fully understood, and the origin of the fluid remains unknown. Although ODP-M is more likely to occur during the third or fourth decade of life, cases of children with serous retinal detachment have been recorded. Early diagnosis of ODP-M and prompt, appropriate management are crucial, particularly in patients of amblyogenic age. In adults, ODP-M may resolve spontaneously, but most cases require surgical intervention to prevent permanent loss of vision. However, the fact that ODP-M may spontaneously resolve in children cannot be ignored. Various surgical methods have been described, including pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) combined with various techniques, including laser photocoagulation, intravitreal gas injection, and macular buckling.

Conclusions: PPV remains the mainstay surgical approach for ODP-M. However, ODP-M may differ between children and adults. Children constitute a unique population of patients that require a different and probably more tailor-made approach. Detailed clinical examination, combined with a thorough analysis of retinal imaging, may improve our understanding of the background and pathophysiology of the disease and eventually provide us with new insights into the management of ODP-M in the pediatric population.

How to cite this article: Kalogeropoulos D, Asproudis I,  Ch’ng SW, Mitra A, Sharma A, Katsikatsos K, Asproudis C, Kalogeropoulos C. Diagnostic and therapeutic approaches to optic disc pit maculopathy in children. Med Hypothesis Discov Innov Optom.2021 Spring; 2(1): 24-35. DOI: https://doi.org/10.51329/mehdioptometry122
Vision screening among hearing-impaired school children in Biratnagar, Nepal
Authors: Kumar Sah Sanjay , Thakur Renu , Adhikari Pankaj Ray
Published: July 2021

Background: The prevalence of hearing impairment in Nepal is 16.5%, affecting approximately 2.71 million people. Deaf children are visually dependent, and even a mild refractive error may cause visual discomfort. The goal of this study was to determine the need for vision screenings in schools for the hearing impaired in Biratnagar, Nepal.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with permission from Birat Deaf Secondary School, Biratnagar, Nepal. A total of 130 hearing-impaired students were examined. Non-invasive, comprehensive optometric examinations were performed to detect visual disorders. When a more detailed evaluation was needed, the students were referred to the Pediatric Ophthalmology Department, Biratnagar Eye Hospital Biratnagar, Nepal.

Results: Of the 130 hearing-impaired students, 58 (44.6%) were male and 72 (55.4%) were female. The mean ± standard deviation of age was 16.03 ± 3.8 years (range 6–25 years). Twenty-one (16.1%) students had refractive errors: 13 (10%) had myopia, 7 (5.4%) had hyperopia, and 1 (0.8%) had anisometropia. In the cover test, 88 (67.7%) had orthophoria, 19 (14.6%) had exophoria, 11 (8.5%) had esophoria, 5 (3.85%) had exotropia, and 3 (2.3%) had esotropia. Cover tests were not performed in 4 (3.1%) students, as they were unable to fixate due to nystagmus or decreased vision. On ocular examination, 20 (15.3%) students had anterior segment abnormalities, including lid abnormality, conjunctivitis, Bitot’s spots, pterygium, corneal opacity, and lenticular opacity. Posterior segment or retinal abnormalities were found in four students with one having Usher syndrome. Color vision defects, nystagmus, and amblyopia were found in 8 (6.1%), 2 (1.5 %), and 1 (0.8%), respectively.

Conclusions: The findings of the present study reflect the need of periodic vision screenings in schools for the hearing impaired in Nepal. These children are at a high risk of vision impairment.

How to cite this article: Sah SK, Thakur R, Adhikari PR. Vision screening among hearing-impaired school children in Biratnagar, Nepal. Med Hypothesis Discov Innov Optom. 2021 Spring; 2(1): 36-40. DOI: https://doi.org/10.51329/mehdioptometry123
Effects of aiming lines and visual function on the golf putting alignment
Authors: Kim You-Jin , Jin Young-Gap , Koo Bon-Yeop , Jang Jung-Un , Mah Ki-Choong
Published: July 2021

Background: In golf, a player hits a ball with a club, aiming to transfer the ball successively into a series of hole cups in a course consisting of 18 (or fewer) holes. This study aimed to compare the impact of visual function and the presence and number of aiming lines on golf putting alignment between beginner and expert golfers.

Methods: In this prospective comparative study, 43 participants with a mean ± standard deviation (SD) of corrected distance binocular visual acuity of –0.07 ± 0.74 logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution, who knew their average golf scores, were divided into beginner and expert golfers. Six visual function tests were conducted to assess heterotropia, dominant eye, verification of current spectacles, static visual acuity, stereopsis, and fixation disparity. At the putting distances of 1.5 m and 3 m, alignment errors were measured five times each, using golf balls with 1 and 3 aiming line(s) and putters with 1 and 3 aiming line(s).

Results: The mean ± SD of age was 48.33 ± 10.07 years for study participants overall. The accuracy of ball alignment was not affected by the career or number of aiming lines, but the putter alignment was higher for the 3-lines putter than for the 1-line putter (P < 0.05). When the number and shape of the aiming line were the same for both the ball and putter, the aiming accuracy was found to be higher. In both stereopsis and fixation disparity, the combination of putting distance and a 3-lines ball showed negative values; all other combinations showed positive values, but no statistically significant correlation was detected (all P > 0.05).

Conclusions: The accuracy of golf ball alignment did not depend on the number of aiming lines and the golfer’s career. However, the predicted putting success rate and subjective satisfaction were increased when three-line golf balls and putters were used, as compared to when one-line golf balls and putters were used.

How to cite this article: Kim YJ, Jin YG, Koo BY, Jang JU, Mah KC. Effects of aiming lines and visual function on the golf putting alignment. Med Hypothesis Discov Innov Optom.2021 Spring; 2(1): 41-49. DOI: https://doi.org/10.51329/mehdioptometry124
Perencanaan Desain Instalasi Pengolahan Air Limbah dengan Metode Biofilter Anaerob – Aerob
Authors: Neshart Neshart , Rosdiana Rosdiana , Wibowo Dwiprayogo , Syarif Sukri Ahmad
Published: July 2021

Planning design of wastewater treatment plant in a market is needed to improve the quality of water that will be discharged so it doesn’t pollute the environment and the near. The goal of this study is to determine the discharge of wastewater will be treated and the design of treatment basin in the wet lods area of Mandonga Traditional Market. Result of wastewater is 7.88 m3/day with a waste concentration of pH 7, BOD 64.2 mg/day, and TSS 2.130 mg/day. Wet Lods Wastewater Treatment Plant in Mandonga Traditional Market has 6 compartments such as a control tub with the fine filter addition which has a volume of 0.072 m3/day, the initial settling tank has a volume of 1 m3/day, anaerobic biofilter has a volume of 1.83 m3/day, aerobic tubs have a volume of 0.42 m3/day, the final settling tank I has a volume of 1.1 m3/day and the final settling tub II has a volume of 1.1 m3/day.
Evaluasi Teknik Operasional dari Kinerja Instalasi Pengolahan Lumpur Tinja di Kota Kendari
Authors: Rasawula Lukman Renaldo , Eka Pratiwi Yunita , Rosdiana Rosdiana
Published: July 2021

Fecal waste requires treatment (IPLT) that contains pollutant compounds which result in creating damage to the environment or potentially creating pollution. Therefore, we need a performance evaluation to optimize the performance of the Kendari City IPLT. The Kendari City IPLT serves processing of sewage sludge throughout the sub-district with sources from domestic waste processing units and facilities. Sludge desludging is only carried out by 3% of the total septic tank units that must be vacuumed. The purpose of this study is to determine the effectiveness of the performance of the IPLT in treating waste and determine whether the effluent generated from the IPLT has met the specified quality standards. This research method is to compare the effectiveness of Kendari City IPLT conditions with LH Regulation No. 05 of 2014. The BOD content after analysis was 125.1 mg/L and the oil content was 1 mg / l. The Kendari City IPLT treatment unit consisting of an imhoff tank, anaerobic pool, facultative pool and maturation pool in good condition some ponds did not meet the criteria according to the Ministry of Public Works in 1998. The imhoff tank was only 3.7 m (criteria 6-9 m), the anaerobic pool caused odor that can interfere, facultative pool water height of 2.0 m (criteria 1.2 - 2.4 m).
Perencanaan Instalasi Pengolahan Limbah Cair Rumah Sakit Aliyah 3 Kota Kendari
Authors: Suwardi Suwardi , Ndibale Wa , M. Kotta Husni , Ilham Ilham , Moch. Assiddieq
Published: July 2021

The purpose of this study was to determine the amount of liquid waste discharge at the hospital. Data from the number of hospital patient beds is 54 beds, so the activities taking place in Aliyah Hospital 3 in Kendari city produces a maximum discharge of liquid waste of 3.78/day. The form and design of processing liquid waste which is a rectangle with anaerobic- aerobic bio filter treatment system. Liquid waste processing with anaerobic-aerobic bio filter process consists of several parts namely the oil separator tank, equalization tank, early settling tank, anaerobic bio filter tank, aerobic bio filter tank, final settling tank and equipped with a chlorinated contractor tub. As for the size of each tank, which is like an oil separator tank (0,9 m × 0,5 m × 0,7 m), equalization tank (2,6 m × 1,3 m × 1,1 m), early settling tank (1,6 m × 0,8 m × 0,9 m), anaerobic bio filter tank (2,5 m × 1,3 m × 1,4 m), aerobic bio filter tank (1,8 m × 1 m × 1 m), final settling tank (1,8 m × 0,7 m × 0,7 m) and chlorinated tank (0,6 m × 0,3 m × 0,4 m). This process system was chosen because it is in accordance with the amount of liquid waste treatment system is safe, inexpensive and easy to operate.
Analisis Pencemaran Logam Berat Timbal (Pb) dan Zinc (Zn) di Perairan PPS Kendari
Authors: Subarkah Mulud , Dian Srikandi Eka , Adami Aryani , Sumarlin Sumarlin
Published: July 2021

The maintenance of fishing vessels at Perikanan Samudera Kendari Harbor (PPS) is often carried out by fishing vessels maintenance ventures such as painting, cutting, annihilating, welding, spraying by using sand, changing oils, repairing machines, and other maintenance duties. This industry could potentially lead to degradation of environmental quality, one of which is heavy metal contamination. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to know the degree of heavy metal contamination at PPS Kendari, based on physics parameters (water brightness) and chemical parameters (Pb and Zn). Lead content (Pb) at the first station (1), the second station (2) and the third station (3) was undetected. Meanwhile, zinc content (Zn) at the first station (1) and the second station (2) was also undetected. At the third station (3), the zinc content was detected of 0.006 mg/L. This value is still under standard quality, namely of 0.1 mg/L. Zn contamination index was 0.053. This value is still within 0 ≤ Pij ≤ 1,0 range which meant the content of Zn at PPS Kendari still meets the standard quality (good condition).
Forensic Issues from the Investigation of a Marine Shaft Failure
Authors: Jenkins Stephen
Published: July 2021

The starboard propeller shaft of a twin-screw diesel electric rail ferry in New Zealand failed just after the ferry left port. Weather was not a factor. The ship was on a regular schedule of three sailings a day. The starboard propeller was found in 120 meters of water approximately two nautical miles from the channel — some distance from the point where power was observed to reduce to zero on the shaft. The fracture surface of the shaft showed a classic fatigue failure pattern. However, there were questions to be answered, including what initiated the failure, and why a tension failure occurred in a shaft that was primarily under compression from the reaction forces of the propeller. This paper will look at some interesting factors in the investigation, the techniques used to limit the investigation (and its cost) to relevant areas, a few of the false trails that were followed, and the processes eventually used that were the most convincing.
Determination of the mineral profile of raw and roasted lentil flour after addition to yogurt
Authors: Benmeziane-Derradji Farida , Aoufi Doha , Ayat Nour El Houda , Djermoune-Arkoub Lynda
Published: July 2021

Introduction: Lentil (Lens culinaris) is a pulse largely consumed in the world, especially in Algeria. This legume can be consumed in different forms (pottage, soup), but also flour can be produced after roasting treatment of the lentils. Resulted flour can be used as a food or ingredient in the formulation of food products. Aims: The main objective of this study is to determine the variation in the main mineral content of lentil flour. The flour was analyzed at its native state (raw), after roasting, raw before addition to yogurt, and roasted after addition in yogurt as a functional ingredient at a rate of 4%. Material and Methods: The lentil flours analysis was carried out by means of Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) associated with Dispersive X-ray Energy (EDX) microanalysis (SEM-EDX). Results: The results show that the roasting treatment does not have a marked effect on the mineral content of lentil flours. However, the addition to the yogurt made it possible to raise the mineral content of the raw and roasted lentil flour remarkably. Conclusions: Adding lentil flour to yogurt is an effective way to increase the mineral content of yogurts made from these flours.

Keywords: Lens culinaris, flour, roasting, SEM-EDX, mineral.
PENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR PASSING BAWAH BOLA VOLI MELALUI PENDEKATAN TEACHING GAMES FOR UNDERSTANDING (TGFU) PADA KELAS XII MIPA5 SMA NEGERI 1 PONTIANAK
Authors: WISMARNI ELIS
Published: July 2021

Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui proses pembelajaran passing bawah bolavoli melalui pendekatan Teaching Games for Understanding (TGFU) pada siswa kelas XII MIPA5. Subjek penelitian pada ini adalah siswa kelas XII MIPA5 berjumlah 22 siswa. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian tindakan kelas (Classroom Action Research) yang dilakukan secara kolaboratif dan partisipasi. Penelitian ini menggunakan instrumen yaitu, lembar observasi untuk guru dan siswa. Penelitian ini menggunakan analisis data secara kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pendekatan Teaching Games for Understanding dapat meningkatkan proses pembelajaran passing bawah kelas XII MIPA5. Hasil penelitian tindakan kelas ini menunjukkan bahwa (1) Siswa menjadi lebih aktif dengan menggunakan pendekatan Teaching Games for Understanding, senang dan tertarik untuk mengikuti pembelajaran bolavoli, (2) Hasil belajar yang dicapai siswa meningkat dengan nilai rata-rata kelas 76,5 % (Sangat Baik) dan hasil observasi keaktifan siswa dengan skor total 9 (Baik)
PENERAPAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN KOOPERATIF TIPE JIGSAW UNTUK MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR IPS SISWA KELAS V SD NEGERI 4 TENGANAN SEMESTER II TAHUN PELAJARAN 2018/2019
Authors: ARTA I MADE
Published: July 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperbaiki proses pembelajaran untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar IPS melalui penerapan model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe jigsaw. Penelitian tindakan kelas ini dirancang dalam dua siklus. Setiap siklus dilaksanakan dalam empat tahapan yaitu : perencanaan, pelaksanaan, evaluasi dan refleksi. Cakupan materi yang dipelajari pada siklus I adalah perjuangan para pejuang pada penjajahan Belanda dan Jepang, dan siklus II peranan tokoh pejuang dalam persiapan kemerdekaan Indonesdia. Subyek penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas V SDN 4 Tenganan tahun pelajaran 2018/2019 dengan jumlah siswa 10 orang. Objek penelitian ini adalah peningkatan hasil belajar IPS . Data hasil belajar IPS dikumpulkan dengan menggunakan tes hasil belajar yang berjumlah 10 butir soal pilihan ganda. Kreteria keberhasilan tindakan jika rata-rata hasil belajar IPS siswa minimal 75 dengan ketuntasan klasikal minimal 80%. Hasil penelitian tindakan kelas menunjukkan bahwa Penerapan Model  Pembelajaran Kooperatif Tipe Jigsaw dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar IPS siswa kelas V SD Negeri 4 Tenganan Tahun Pelajaran 2018/2019. Rata-rata hasil belajar IPS dari siklus I sebesar 73,00 dan siklus II menjadi 84,00 dengan ketuntasan klasikal dari 70% di siklus I menjadi 90% di siklus II. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa terjadi peningkatan hasil belajar IPS sebesar 20,00%..Diharapkan teman sejawat mau mencoba melakukan PTK dalam rangka perbaikan pembelajaran. Dalam pembelajaran di SD khususnya IPS, instansi berwenang seperti Dinas Pendidikan Kecamatan dan instansi lainnya diharapkan dapat menggunakan hasil penelitian ini dalam rangka pengembangan pembelajaran IPS di SD dengan penerapan model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe jigsaw
UPAYA MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR IPS MENGGUNAKAN METODE PETA KONSEP BAGI SISWA KELAS III
Authors: ARIANTA I NYOMAN TAMBUN
Published: July 2021

IPS merupakan bagian dari ilmu sosial, keberadaan IPS dalam struktur program pembelajaran di SD sangat penting untuk diajarkan karena IPS memberikan pengetahuan, pembentukan nilai dan sikap serta keterampilan kepada siswa secara langsung berinteraksi dengan lingkungan yang ada di sekitarnya. Selama ini pembelajaran IPS di SD Negeri 1 Subagan yang dilaksanakan cenderung ke arah pembahasan teori yang bersifat khusus (tematik teoritik) dan berdasarkan materi yang ada di dalam buku (text book oriented) sehingga terkesan bahwa bidang ini terdiri dari materi hafalan saja. Dari hasil pembelajaran IPS terdapat 8 siswa (25,53%) dari 34 siswa yang mencapai KKM, sedangkan 26 siswa (76,47%) belum mencapai KKM dengan nilai rata-rata yang diperoleh 60,82. Guna mengatasi permasalahan tersebut maka peneliti akan mencoba menggunakan metode yang dapat diterima dan mudah dipahami siswa kelas III SD Negeri 1 Subagan. Metode yang digunakan oleh peneliti ialah metode peta konsep. Dengan melihat latar belakang tersebut, maka rumusan masalah dalam penelitian ini adalah: Apakah metode peta konsep dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar IPS pada siswa kelas III SD Negeri 1 Subagan Tahun Pelajaran 2017/2018?. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar IPS dengan menggunaan metode peta konsep pada siswa kelas III SD Negeri 1 Subagan Tahun Pelajaran 2017/2018. Penggunaan Metode Peta Konsep Dalam Upaya Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar IPS Bagi Siswa Kelas III SD Negeri 1 Subagan Tahun Pelajaran 2017/2018 mengalami peningkatan, yaitu sebelum diterapkannya metode peta konsep pada pembelajaran Ilmu Pengetahuan Sosial, diperoleh sebanyak 8 siswa atau 25,53% tuntas dan 26 siswa atau 76,47% belum tuntas. Namun setelah dilakukan tindakan dengan menerapkan metode peta konsep dalam pembelajaran Ilmu Pengetahuan Sosial yang efektif dapat memperbaiki pola pembelajaran dan dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa yang ditandai dengan ketuntasan hasil belajar disetiap siklusnya. Keberhasilan ini disebabkan dengan penerapan metode peta konsep dengan menanamkan konsep-konsep pokok sehingga aktivitas siswa menjadi aktif dan senang mengikuti pembelajaran. Berarti siswa ceenderung positif dalam mengikuti proses belajar mengajar yang diberikan guru maupun dalam melakukan diskusi serta tanya jawab di dalam kelas. Hal tersebut dapat dilihat dari hasil belajar pada siklus I dan II diperoleh data bahwa hasil belajar siswa meningkat. Hasil tes siklus I diperoleh sebanyak 20 siswa atau 58,52% tuntas dan 14 siswa atau 41,13% belum tuntas. Kemudian pada hasil tes siklus II menunjukkan 31 siswa atau 91,17% tuntas dan 3 siswa atau 8,83% belum tuntas. Dengan adanya peningkatan yang terjadi pada siswa yang telah mencapai 91,17% siswa telah tuntas dan melebihi 75% indikator keberhasilan maka dinyatakan bahwa perbaikan pembelajaran ini telah berhasil
PENGGUNAAN BEBERAN CHARTA UNTK MENINGKATKAN MOTIVASI BELAJAR SISWA PADA MATA PELAJARAN IPA
Authors: WAHYUNINGSIH ENDANG
Published: July 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan motivasi belajar siswa melalui penggunaan beberan charta dalam pembelajaran pada siswa SMP. Subyek penelitian adalah 26 siswa kelas VIII-C SMPN 2 Baureno Bojonegoro. Pada umumnya siswa dalam belajar hanya membaca tanpa memahami isi pelajaran. Mereka kurang terlatih untuk berfikir, menyampaikan ide dan memecahkan masalah. Pada setiap kegiatan pembelajaran IPA siswa cenderung pasif, kurang bersemangat dan sulit untuk aktif bertanya maupun menyampaikan pendapatnya serta kurang bertanggung jawab terhadap tugasnya. Dalam pembelajaran tampak motivasi siswa saat belajar IPA masih rendah. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan dengan rancangan penelitian tindakan kelas yang prosedur pelaksanaannya mengikuti prinsip dasar penelitian tindakan yang umum. Prosedur tersebut merupakan suatu proses siklus atau daur ulang, yang dimulai dari tahap perencanaan, tahap pelaksanaan tindakan, tahap observasi/evaluasi, dan tahap refleksi. Pelaksanaan penelitian ini dilakukan sebanyak dua siklus. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya peningkatan dari siklus pertama ke siklus kedua. Berdasarkan data hasil penelitian pada siklus pertama dan siklus kedua, semua indikator mengalami peningkatan keberhasilan sesuai dengan yang diharapkan.
UPAYA MENINGKATKAN AKTIFITAS DAN HASIL BELAJAR TENSES SISWA KELAS X SMAN 2 JEMBER MELALUI” HUWO GAME DAN PEER TUTORING
Authors: MARIYANA MARIYANA
Published: July 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan partisipasi dan aktivitas  serta hasil belajar   siswa kelas X MIPA 8 SMA Negeri 2 Jember melalui teknik Huwo Game dan Peer Tutoring . Bentuk penelitian ini adalah  Penelitian Tindakan Kelas seperti yang dipaparkan oleh Kemmis dan MC Taggart yaitu yang terdiri dari empat komponen yang merupakan siklus mulai dari tahap perencanaan, pelaksanaan tindakan, observasi, refleksi dan revisi . Penelitian ini dibagi menjadi 2 siklus yaitu siklus I dan II dan masing-masing siklus terdiri dari 3 pertemuan. Seluruh data diperoleh melalui observasi, tes dan wawancara. Penerapan Huwo Game dan Peer Tutoring ini dapat meningkatkan partisipasi dan aktivitas siswa dalam pembelajaran yaitu persentase keaktifan siswa mencapai 95,4%. Dengan teknik ini persentase jumlah siswa yang aktif menjawab pertanyaan guru mencapai 91,7% dan yang aktif  dalam diskusi kelompok mencapai 94,4% sementara tingkat kehadiran siswa stabil yaitu 100%.Tidak hanya partisipasi dan aktivitas siswa yang meningkat akan tetapi jumlah siswa yang tuntas belajar meningkat sangat signifikan dari sebelum pelaksanaan siklus I sampai pada akhir siklus II yaitu pada pra siklus hanya 17 siswa (47,2 %), menjadi 28 (78 %) setelah siklus I dan menjadi 34 (94 % )setelah siklus II. Dengan penerapan teknik Huwo Game dan Peer Tutoring pada pembelajaran Tenses, hasil belajar siswa mencapai ketuntasan secara klasikal yaitu lebih dari 85%.
PEMANFATAAN MEDIA POWTOON UNTUK MENINGKATKAN SEMANGAT DAN HASIL BELAJAR EKONOMI SISWA KELAS XI IPS 1 SMA NEGERI 6 TEBO
Authors: ROHENAN ROHENAN
Published: July 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk: mendeskripsikan pemanfaatan media powtoon untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar mata pelajaran ekonomi materi sistem perekonomian Indonesia pada siswa kelas XI IPS 1 SMA Negeri 6 Tebo Provinsi Jambi tahun pelajaran 2018/2019. Penelitian ini merupakan Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK) yang terdiri atas 2(dua) siklus. Setiap siklus terdiri atas tahap perencanaan, pelaksanaan tindakan, pengamatan (observasi) dan refleksi. Subyek penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswa kelas kelas XI IPS 1 SMA Negeri 6 Tebo yang berjumlah 35 siswa. Teknik pengumpulan data meliputi observasi, wawancara, tes, dan dokumen. Teknik analisis data menggunakan analisis deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa rata-rata nilai hasil belajar siswa pada siklus I sebesar 77,28 dengan ketuntasan klasikal sebesar 60%, meningkat menjadi 81,42 dengan ketuntasan klasikal 85,71% pada siklus II. Pemanfaatan media powtoon dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa kelas kelas XI IPS 1 SMA Negeri 6 Tebo pada mata pelajaran ekonomi materi sistem perekonomian Indonesia semester genap tahun pelajaran 2018/2019.
MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN MENYANYIKAN LAGU INDONESIA RAYA MELALUI GABUNGAN TEKNIK FILM DAN DEMONSTRASI TERHADAP SISWA KELAS XI 3 DI SMA NEGERI 2 NGAWI TAHUN PELAJARAN 2018/2019
Authors: SETYANINGIH ANA ARY
Published: July 2021

Penelitian ini menggunakan tindakan kelas dengan model Gabungan Teknik Film dan Demonstrasi. Lewat film, informasi dapat disampaikan secara mendalam. Media ini banyak digemari orang karena dapat dijadikan sebagai hiburan dan penyalur hobby. Selain itu, juga sebagai media pendidikan maupun menyampaikan pesan kepada masyarakat. Sedangkan metode demonstrasi merupakan cara pembelajaran dengan memperagakan atau  mempertunjukan kepada siswa suatu proses, situasi, benda, atau cara kerja suatu produk teknologi yang sedang dipelajari yang bertujuan agar peserta didik memperoleh pengalaman belajar secara langsung setelah melihat, melakukan dan merasakan. Hasil dari tindakan kelas ini dapat dikatakan berhasil hal ini dapat dilihat dari semakin mantapnya pemahaman siswa terhadap materi yang disampaikan guru (rata-rata kelas dari siklus I  dan ke II) yaitu masing-masing 78,89 dan 80,69. Pada siklus II kelas dalam keadaan tuntas.
MENGGALI POTENSI MINAT DAN BAKAT SISWA INKLUSIF DI SEKOLAH METAL DENGAN PARENTING, KONSELING, DAN SKILL EDUCATION
Authors: FARID ACHMAD
Published: July 2021

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah siswa dapat mengetahui cara menggali potensi minat dan bakat siswa ABK di SMP Negeri 27 Surabaya. Kemudian selanjutnya siswa dapat mengetahui kendala yang dihadapi sekolah dalam menggali potensi minat dan bakat siswa ABK di SMP Negeri 27 Surabaya dan dapat mengetahui upaya sekolah dalam menggali minat dan bakat siswa ABK di SMP Negeri 27 Surabaya. Metode yang dipakai dalam penulisan makalah ini deskriptif yaitu dokumentasi dan kajian pustaka/Literatur. Kajian pusta literatur di peroleh dari buku-buku di perpustakaan dan beberapa jurnal yang seseuai dengan tema artikel yang penulis buat. Pada awalnya penulis mengindentifikasi permasalahan pembelajaran ABK melalui pengamatan dan wawancara, serta menganalisis secara lengkap hasil tersebut secara deskriptifif. Hasil tindak lanjut menunjukan bahwa antara guru pembimbing khusus dalam melihat karakteristik siswa ABK dilihat dari hasil pembelajaran, rasa ingin tahu,  serta sikap siswa dalam keseharian. Guru khusus dalam prakteknya banyak memberikan kegiatan yang bersifat keterampilan ( Skill education) untuk dapat mengetahui berbagai potensi minat bakat siswanya, demikian juga kerja sama sekolah dengan orang tua ( Parenting) sangat menentukan minat bakat anaknya, tentunya juga tidak terlepas dari bimbingan dan koseling dari Psikolog,baik melalui dialog maupun test kemampuan minat dan bakat sesuai dengan anak-anak berkebutuhan khusus. Rekomendasi ini diberikan kepada siswa yang berkebutuhan khusus untuk masuk ke SMA/K Negeri melalui jalur prestasi, jalur inklusi ,
WAGFORM SEBAGAI ALAT EVALUASI PJJ DI SEKOLAH BINAAN
Authors: MARLINA AI MARLINA
Published: July 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan proses dan hasil pelaksanaan evaluasi  Pembelajaran Jarak Jauh (PJJ) di Sekolah Binaan Kabupaten Sukabumi menggunakan WAGFORM. Aplikasi WhatsApp Group dan Google Form sebagai bagian integral dalam google drive. Aplikasi ini digunakan dalam membantu menggali informasi dan penilaian dalam Pembelajaran Jarak Jauh (PJJ) non tatap muka. Kelebihan aplikasi online ini gratis, murah terjangkau masyarakat, mudah, praktis dalam penggunaanya, serta efektif, dan efisien. WAGFORM diterapkan sebagai salah satu alat evaluasi PJJ pada masa pandemik corona virus disease 2019 (Covid-19) yang sedang melanda tanah air bahkan dunia internasional.
PERUBAHAN GAYA BELAJAR DI MASA PANDEMI COVID-19
Authors: ALDIYAH EVY
Published: July 2021

Pembelajaran Jarak Jauh dimulai seiring meningkatnya pandemi covid-19, mengiikuti  kebijakan yang diatur oleh pemerintah. Akibat dari salah satu kebijakan tersebut adalah berubahnya cara belajar siswa dan cara mengajar guru. Perubahan tersebut juga membuat perubahan gaya belajar. Literature review ini bertujuan untuk mengumpulkan dan menganalisa serta mencari kesamaan pandangan terhadap perubahan gaya belajar siswa dan guru selama masa pandemi, serta  dapat memberikan kontribusi keilmuan di masa mendatang. Menggunakan desain literature review dengan artikel dan jurnal yang terbit pada rentang waktu bulan Juni 2020 sampai dengan Desember 2020. Dari 5 artikel terpilih dan telah dianalisa di dapat hasil bahwa pembelajaran daring di masa pandemi  covid-19 membawa perubahan gaya belajar siswa. Ada perubahan gaya belajar positif dimana siswa menjadi lebih aktif dan kreatif, ada juga perubahan negatif dimana terjadi penurunan motivasi belajar siswa. Pendidik (guru dan dosen) adalah kunci utama sebagai penentu perubahan gaya belajar di masa pandemi covid-19 ini dan dituntut untuk kreatif dan inovatif dalam membangun minat dan motivasi belajar siswa. Disamping itu teknologi juga perlu terus ditingkatkan kualitasnya sebagai sarana terpenting yang mendukung proses tersebut. Pemerintah diharapkan tidak menutup mata terhadap masalah yang terjadi terkait dengan teknologi sebagai sarana pendukung pembelajaran daring atau pembelajaran jarak jauh.