bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Big Data and Competition Law
Authors: Tamke Maren
Published: December 2017

The emergence of Big Data in the digital economy and its corresponding impact on competition law has led to considerable debate in Europe over the last few years. A key concern for competition agencies is the potential harm that might be caused by a company’s ability to acquire datasets that other industry players cannot replicate. It is feared that the control of data may enable these firms to strengthen their market positions and to engage in anticompetitive behaviour, which could deprive consumers of the potential benefits that Big Data offers. Specifically, dominant companies might use Big Data to limit competition or to exploit consumers. In addition, tacit or explicit collusion amongst competitors could be facilitated by greater market transparency and the increasing application of algorithms. In future data-related transactions the potential aggregation of large datasets might also lead to greater scrutiny on the impacts of Big Data and the potential it might have to erect barriers to entry in the specific market and prevent viable competition. As such, regulators and policy makers are contemplating new approaches to ensure that data-related transactions that could significantly impede effective competition do not escape merger control scrutiny. This article considers these potential impacts of Big Data in competition law and outlines the key issues that might need to be addressed.
Cerebral Palsy in Extremely Preterm Infants
Authors: Hafström Maria , Källén Karin , Serenius Fredrik , Maršál Karel , Rehn Eva , Drake Helen , Ådén Ulrika , Farooqi Aijaz , Thorngren-Jerneck Kristina , Strömberg Bo
Published: December 2017

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:

The risk of cerebral palsy (CP) is high in preterm infants and is often accompanied by additional neurodevelopmental comorbidities. The present study describes lifetime prevalence of CP in a population-based prospective cohort of children born extremely preterm, including the type and severity of CP and other comorbidities (ie, developmental delay and/or cognitive impairment, neurobehavioral morbidity, epilepsy, vision and hearing impairments), and overall severity of disability. In this study, we also evaluate whether age at assessment, overall severity of disability, and available sources of information influence outcome results.

METHODS:

All Swedish children born before 27 weeks’ gestation from 2004 to 2007 were included (the Extremely Preterm Infants in Sweden Study). The combination of neonatal information, information from clinical examinations and neuropsychological assessments at 2.5 and 6.5 years of age, original medical chart reviews, and extended chart reviews was used.

RESULTS:

The outcome was identified in 467 (94.5%) of eligible children alive at 1 year of age. Forty-nine (10.5%) children had a lifetime diagnosis of CP, and 37 (76%) were ambulatory. Fourteen (29%) had CP diagnosed after 2.5 years of age, 37 (76%) had at least 1 additional comorbidity, and 27 (55%) had severe disability. The probability for an incomplete evaluation was higher in children with CP compared with children without CP.

CONCLUSIONS:

Children born extremely preterm with CP have various comorbidities and often overall severe disability. The importance of long-term follow-up and of obtaining comprehensive outcome information from several sources in children with disabilities is shown.
Treatment of CD30-Expressing Germ Cell Tumors and Sex Cord Stromal Tumors with Brentuximab Vedotin: Identification and Report of Seven Cases
Authors: Albany Costantine , Einhorn Lawrence , Garbo Lawrence , Boyd Thomas , Josephson Neil , Feldman Darren R.
Published: December 2017

Background

Cytotoxic therapy for relapsed and refractory germ cell tumors or metastatic sex cord stromal tumors is rarely effective and is often accompanied by high adverse event rates. Expression of CD30 has been observed in testicular cancers, and patients with CD30-expressing embryonal carcinomas have worse progression-free survival and overall survival than those with CD30-negative tumors. The objective of this study (NCT01461538) was to characterize the antitumor activity of brentuximab vedotin in patients with CD30-expressing nonlymphomatous malignancies. Enrolled patients included seven patients with relapsed or refractory germ cell tumors or metastatic sex cord stromal tumors described in this case series.

Materials and Methods

Forty patients with relapsed or refractory germ cell tumors, metastatic sex cord stromal tumors, or testicular tumors were screened for CD30 expression; 14 patients had tumors that expressed CD30. Seven patients with CD30-expressing testicular cancer were enrolled in the treatment study: five patients with germ cell tumors, one patient with a Leydig cell tumor, and one patient with a Sertoli cell tumor. Patients were treated with brentuximab vedotin at initial doses of 1.8 or 2.4 mg/kg every 3 weeks. Response assessments were performed at cycles 2 and 4 and every 4 cycles thereafter while the patient was receiving treatment.

Results

Two of seven patients achieved an objective response, including one durable complete response and one partial response at a single time point. Both responding patients had germ cell tumors. Treatment with brentuximab vedotin was generally well tolerated.

Conclusion

Treatment of relapsed or refractory germ cell tumors with brentuximab vedotin can induce durable responses with a manageable toxicity profile.

Implications for Practice

This case series of seven patients with relapsed or refractory CD30-expressing germ cell tumors (GCTs) or sex cord stromal tumors demonstrates that brentuximab vedotin has activity against GCTs and is well tolerated in heavily pretreated patients with these aggressive tumor types. One patient achieved a complete response that has been durable for almost 4 years since the discontinuation of treatment with brentuximab vedotin. Therefore, brentuximab vedotin may be a valuable option for physicians who care for this difficult-to-treat patient population.
Exploring the Extent of Enactment of Young Children's Rights in the Education System in Wales
Authors: Lewis Alyson , Sarwar Sian , Tyrie Jacky , Waters Jane , University Swansea
Published: December 2017

The United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child (1989) (UNCRC) is the most widely ratified of all the human rights treaties. In contrast to recent UK-wide developments, the UNCRC has been vigorously taken up in post-devolution policy and law in Wales. The Assembly's stance
on children's rights distinguishes Welsh policy from the rest of the UK and children's rights have been described as 'emblematic' of Welsh devolution. This paper presents the findings of a review of readily available empirically based literature that evidences the extent to which young children
in Wales (aged three to seven) routinely access their rights in education settings. The findings are presented under eight themes and provide a picture of inconsistency as well as some positive indicators. Reasons for a limited, patchy and variable evidence base for the enactment of young
children's right in education settings in Wales are considered, alongside recommendations for action that would seek to address such shortfalls.
Automatisierung im Life Cycle modularer Anlagen
Authors: Obst Michael , Holm Thomas , Bleuel Stephan , Claussnitzer Ulf , Evertz Lars , JÄger Tobias , Nekolla Tobias
Published: December 2017

In Verfahrenstechnik und Anlagenbau werden zunehmend Konzepte zur Standardisierung der Modularisierung diskutiert. Dies hat weitreichende Auswirkungen auf das Engineering und den Betrieb der Anlagen. Der textdata zeigt die Einflüsse eines modularen Anlagendesigns auf den Lebenszyklus einer Anlage von der Planung über den Betrieb bis zur Demontage. Grundlage der Ausführungen sind die Arbeiten des Namur Arbeitskreises 1.12 "Anforderungen an die Automatisierungstechnik durch die Modularisierung verfahrenstechnischer Anlagen".
Shaping the Relative Importance of Needs from Recent to Early Autobiographical Experiences
Authors: Green Joseph P. , Carroll Patrick J. , Williams Kathryn A.
Published: December 2017

Although past work suggests that people place greater importance of enhancement needs (e.g., self-esteem) over safety needs, recent work demonstrates that contextual factors like event valence (satisfying or distressing) can shift the importance of security above enhancement needs. This study examines whether the effect of event valence on relative need importance for recent memories can carry over to shift the importance of safety relative to enhancement needs in one's earliest childhood memories. At time 1 (T1), participants recalled their most "distressing" (security-relevant) or "satisfying" (enhancement-relevant) experience and rated the importance of 10 needs in defining the event. Next, all participants freely recalled their earliest memory and rated the importance of different needs in defining that event. As predicted, event valence determined the importance of security relative to enhancement needs at T1, such that enhancement needs were more important for satisfying events whereas security needs were more important for distressing events. Moreover, as predicted, these differences in relative need importance at T1 (satisfying vs. distressing) carried over to shape relative need importance in participants' earliest memories. We close by discussing implications for human motivation.
Examining Metacompetence in Graduating BSW Students
Authors: Tufford Lea , Bogo Marion , Katz Ellen
Published: December 2017

This article examines graduating students' conceptualizations of their generalist social work practice and their views for future skill development. Twenty 4th-year BSW students underwent an objective structured clinical examination that involved interviewing a simulated client and then responding to reflection questions. Reflections were analyzed using thematic analysis. Four patterns surfaced: foundational versus theoretical knowledge, deepening perspectives of diversity, managing client emotional intensity, and openness to learning. Implications for social work education include greater emphasis on teaching advanced social work practice concepts, more attention to complex and nuanced forms of diversity and assisting students with affect regulation for themselves and the client.
CLARICE LISPECTOR TRADUZIDA E TRADUTORA: ESTADO DA ARTE
Authors: Hanes Vanessa Lopes Lourenço , Guerini Andréia
Published: December 2017

O objetivo deste artigo é apresentar um panorama de estudos sobre a obra de Clarice Lispector traduzida no exterior, bem como sobre sua atuação como tradutora literária no contexto nacional, destacando as mais representativas abordagens em âmbito acadêmico nacional até o momento. Os resultados encontrados apontam para tendências associando Clarice Lispector e os Estudos da Tradução e indicam lacunas a serem supridas por possíveis pesquisas futuras.     This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
AS DIMENSÕES DO AGIR DOCENTE NO TRABALHO COM A LEITURA
Authors: Souza Stephanie Andrade
Published: December 2017

O objetivo deste trabalho é refletir sobre as dimensões do agir docente que orientam o trabalho do professor para o ensino de leitura. Inserido no âmbito da Linguística Aplicada (LA), utilizaremos como suporte teórico os estudos advindos do Interacionismo Sociodiscursivo (ISD), representado por Bronckart (1999, 2006, 2008), Machado (2004, 2007, 2009), Cristovão (2008), entre outros, e dos estudos provenientes da Clínica da Atividade, cujos representantes são Clot (1999) e Faïta (2002). Em relação aos fundamentos metodológicos, esta pesquisa se caracteriza como qualitativa interpretativista de cunho etnográfico. Para a concretização do objetivo proposto, realizamos entrevistas semi-estruturadas e filmagem de aulas para as sessões de autoconfrontação. Os sujeitos envolvidos na pesquisa são três professores de língua materna do ensino médio da cidade de Campina Grande. Os resultados da análise revelaram que o agir que orienta o trabalho do professor para o ensino de leitura é o agir motivacional da ordem da internalização, revelando assim que os colaboradores da pesquisa trabalham a leitura a partir de motivos mentais particulares.  This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
Factors that influence the usability of a participatory IVR crowdsourcing system in a smart city
Authors: Cilliers Liezel , Flowerday Stephen
Published: December 2017

‘Smart Cities’ is a new and inventive approach that allows city management to use current infrastructure and resources more effectively. Participatory crowdsourcing is an effective method to collect data from the citizens, as it does not require costly new infrastructure and can be used by all citizens, regardless of their literacy level. To date, very few studies have investigated the usability these participatory crowdsourcing systems in a developing country context. The focus of this paper is then to provide a model for the usability of the IVR system to collect information from citizens to improve public safety in the city. The study makes use of a quantitative survey method. A questionnaire was completed by 361 participants of a public safety project hosted East London, South Africa. The data analysis was completed making use of factor analysis. The results indicated that efficiency and perceived satisfaction with the system was important elements that determined the usability of the system. The recommendation of the study is then that the city management must take these two elements in to account when designed or developing a participatory crowdsourcing system.
A State-of-the-Art Survey of Indoor Positioning and Navigation Systems and Technologies
Authors: Sakpere Wilson , Adeyeye Oshin Michael , Mlitwa Nhlanhla BW
Published: December 2017

The research and use of positioning and navigation technologies outdoors has seen a steady and exponential growth. Based on this success, there have been attempts to implement these technologies indoors, leading to numerous studies. Most of the algorithms, techniques and technologies used have been implemented outdoors. However, how they fare indoors is different altogether. Thus, several technologies have been proposed and implemented to improve positioning and navigation indoors. Among them are Infrared (IR), Ultrasound, Audible Sound, Magnetic, Optical and Vision, Radio Frequency (RF), Visible Light, Pedestrian Dead Reckoning (PDR)/Inertial Navigation System (INS) and Hybrid. The RF technologies include Bluetooth, Ultra-wideband (UWB), Wireless Sensor Network (WSN), Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN), Radio-Frequency Identification (RFID) and Near Field Communication (NFC). In addition, positioning techniques applied in indoor positioning systems include the signal properties and positioning algorithms. The prevalent signal properties are Angle of Arrival (AOA), Time of Arrival (TOA), Time Difference of Arrival (TDOA) and Received Signal Strength Indication (RSSI), while the positioning algorithms are Triangulation, Trilateration, Proximity and Scene Analysis/ Fingerprinting. This paper presents a state-of-the-art survey of indoor positioning and navigation systems and technologies, and their use in various scenarios. It analyses distinct positioning technology metrics such as accuracy, complexity, cost, privacy, scalability and usability. This paper has profound implications for future studies of positioning and navigation.
Os bebês como sujeitos sociais: escuta e registro dos saberes dos bebês em um berçário de Criciúma-SC
Authors: Melo Lidiane Alves de , Costa Marli de Oliveira
Published: December 2017

Esse artigo trata de uma investigação realizada em um berçário de Criciúma, para registro e reflexão sobre as interações dos bebês com o meio. O objetivo do estudo foi compreender os bebês como sujeitos sociais, capazes de construírem formas de brincar e de se comunicar. A metodologia adotada foi a observação e registro em Caderno de Campo. Ao todo foram quatro bebês investigados, com idade de seis a nove meses. A perspectiva teórica adotada foram os autores e autoras que buscam a compreensão das crianças como produtoras de Cultura, como Malaguzzi 1999, Fonchi 2015, Guimarães 2013 e outros. Pude perceber que desde o momento que chegam à creche os bebês apresentam formas diversas de se manifestarem e, se a educadora responsável por eles escuta suas expressões, consegue realizar um trabalho pedagógico a partir de suas necessidades.PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Bebê. Sujeito Social. Creche. Escuta.
A compreensão de professores pedagogos sobre o jogo protagonizado na Educação Infantil
Authors: Reis Natália Oliveira dos , Bona Bruna Carolini de
Published: December 2017

Esse artigo tem como finalidade analisar a compreensão dos professores pedagogos sobre o jogo protagonizado na Educação Infantil, justificando a compreensão dessa atividade numa abordagem histórico cultural. Tomamos como objetivos específicos analisar o trato do jogo protagonizado na escola na perspectiva dos professores, identificar a abordagem do jogo protagonizado no planejamento dos professores e compreender o jogo protagonizado numa perspectiva histórico cultural. A presente pesquisa caracteriza-se como exploratória, em uma abordagem qualitativa, onde foram analisados os dados coletados a partir de um questionário e pesquisa bibliográfica. Os instrumentos utilizados para a coleta de dados na pesquisa foi questionário aberto, cuja população de estudo foram seis pedagogas, sendo todas elas atuantes nos turnos matutinos nas duas escolas onde foram realizados os estágios obrigatórios da pesquisadora. Com a presente pesquisa, foi possível verificar que o jogo protagonizado é considerado importante atividade para o desenvolvimento das crianças, embora ainda esteja muito associada aos tempos disponíveis na escola ou aos processos de aprendizagem de conteúdos. Evidenciamos que o jogo protagonizado é considerada a atividade principal da criança numa perspectiva histórico cultural.PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Jogo protagonizado. Brincadeiras. Educação Infantil. Pedagogia
Incidence and Determinants of Health Care Associated Blood Stream Infection at a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit in Ujjain, India: A Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Dhaneria Mamta , Jain Sachin , Singh Poonam , Mathur Aditya , Lundborg Cecilia Stålsby , Pathak Ashish
Published: December 2017

Very little is known about healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) in resource-limited settings including, India. The aim of this prospective study was to determine the prevalence, onset, risk factors and causative agents of laboratory confirmed blood stream (LBCI) as a HAI in a level-2 NICU at RD Gardi Medical College, Ujjain, India. The diagnosis of HAI was established using the Centre for Disease Control, USA criteria. A predesigned questionnaire containing risk factors associated with BSHAI was filled. A total of 150 neonates (43% preterm) were included in the study. The incidence of LBCI was 31%; 56% of which was late onset sepsis. The independent risk factors for LBCI were: preterm (Odds Ratio OR 3.22), duration of NICU stay more than 14 days (OR 2.38), chorioamnionitis in the mother (OR 18.48), neonate born through meconium stained amniotic fluid (OR 4.53), mal-presentation (OR 10.58), endotracheal intubation (OR 11.60), umbilical catheterization (OR 15.11), HAI due to ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) (OR 11.88). Initiation of minimal enteral nutrition was protective (OR 0.15). The predominant causative organisms were Gram-negative pathogens (58%). Among Klebsiella spp. and E. coli isolates, 73 and 80%, respectively were identified as extended-spectrum beta-lactamase producers. The results can be used to identify high-risk neonates for LBCI.
Bayesian Energy Measurement and Verification Analysis
Authors: Carstens Herman , Xia Xiaohua , Yadavalli Sarma
Published: December 2017

Energy Measurement and Verification (M&V) aims to make inferences about the savings achieved in energy projects, given the data and other information at hand. Traditionally, a frequentist approach has been used to quantify these savings and their associated uncertainties. We demonstrate that the Bayesian paradigm is an intuitive, coherent, and powerful alternative framework within which M&V can be done. Its advantages and limitations are discussed, and two examples from the industry-standard International Performance Measurement and Verification Protocol (IPMVP) are solved using the framework. Bayesian analysis is shown to describe the problem more thoroughly and yield richer information and uncertainty quantification than the standard methods while not sacrificing model simplicity. We also show that Bayesian methods can be more robust to outliers. Bayesian alternatives to standard M&V methods are listed, and examples from literature are cited.
Status of and Perspectives on River Restoration in Europe: 310 000 EUR per Hectare of Restored River
Authors: Szałkiewicz Ewelina , Jusik Szymon , Grygoruk Mateusz
Published: December 2017

The purpose of the present research was to analyze the available data on river restoration projects. As the framework of our study, we conducted a structured international survey. We asked selected entities and experts from among those responsible for river restoration in European countries about the details and costs of European Union river restoration projects. We examined 119 river restoration projects that were implemented in Europe between 1989 and 2016; some of the projects were still ongoing. We observed that the number of river restoration projects has been increasing since 1989, which expresses society’s growing interest in improving the quality of aquatic environments. We revealed that 56% of these European river restoration projects have been implemented by dedicated entities and stakeholders, not as part of any structured, larger-scale river restoration policy; this indicates that most European countries do not have integrated plans for river restoration. Our analysis showed that 52% of the projects analyzed have been designed and implemented without the participation of local stakeholders. It also showed that the budgets for river restoration projects did not differ significantly across various time horizons from 1981 to 2016. In our study, the average cost of restoring 1 ha of an average European river was 310 000 EUR (or 195 000 EUR if 4 outlying values are excluded). Considering these projects’ permanent assets and including their amortization, for European river systems, we calculated the average unit price of a river restoration’s value in terms of ecosystem meta-service to be 7 757 EUR · ha-1 · year-1 (4 875 EUR · ha-1 · year-1 if 4 outlying values were excluded).
Evaluation of a novel anti-biofouling microorganism (Bacillus sp. T5) for control of membrane biofouling and its effect on bacterial community structure in membrane bioreactors
Authors: Yavuztürk Gül Bahar , Imer Derya Yüksel , Park Pyung-Kyu , Koyuncu Ismail
Published: December 2017

The effects of a newly isolated quorum quenching (QQ) bacteria (Bacillus sp. T5) on the microbial community has been evaluated via the Illumina sequencing method. Membrane bioreactors (MBRs) operated with this novel QQ bacterium to evaluate the improvement in the performance of MBR. Anti-biofouling effect of T5 was enhanced as 71% compared to the control reactor. Also, QQ bacteria did not have any negative effect on the removal of organics during the process. Gram-negative bacteria were found to be dominant over Gram-positive bacteria. Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Acidobacteria, Firmicutes, and Chloroflexi were dominant phyla in the control and QQ reactors. The proportion of Alphaproteobacteria was most significant among Proteobacteria. The relative abundances of Actinobacteria, Acidobacteria, and Firmicutes were significantly affected by Quorum quenching mechanism. On the other hand, QQ activity of Bacillus sp. T5 significantly influenced the relative abundance of Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, and Chloroflexi. The QQ process appeared to generate variations in the structure of the microbial community. According to the results of the molecular analyses, the syntrophic interaction of Bacillus sp. T5 and indigenous Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacterial community is critical to the performance of MBRs.
Adsorption and catalytic oxidation of organic pollutants using Fe-zeolite
Authors: Russo Analia V. , Andrade Cesar Velasco , De Angelis Laura E. , Jacobo Silvia E.
Published: December 2017

In this work, a natural zeolite, modified and loaded with iron (NZ-A-Fe) as a heterogeneous catalyst, was characterized for its suitability as a permeable reactive barrier (PRB) material for treatment of aromatic hydrocarbons in groundwater. Adsorption and oxidation processes were analyzed. Batch adsorption tests for benzene, toluene and xylene (BTX) aqueous concentrated solutions were performed at neutral pH. Kinetic adsorption was described with the pseudo-second-order model. Experiments were performed using a stirred batch reactor with near 11 mM initial BTX concentration applying NZ-A-Fe as solid catalyst and H2O2 as an oxidant. BTX removal reached 80% in 600 min in these experimental conditions. Catalytic oxidation was described with a pseudo-first-order kinetic model. No significant iron leaching was detected during all the experiences. These investigations show that coupling adsorption with catalytic oxidation with this novel system is a promising procedure to simultaneously remove BTX from moderately concentrated aqueous solution at neutral pH in groundwater.
Withdrawal Notice: Antioxidant Effects of Polysaccharides from Traditional Chinese Medicines
Authors: Liu Yang , Huang Gangliang
Published: December 2017

The article has been withdrawn at the request of editor of the journal Mini-Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry:

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The 12-item Self-Report World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule (WHODAS) 2.0 Administered Via the Internet to Individuals With Anxiety and Stress Disorders: A Psychometric Investigation Based on Data From Two Clinical Trials
Authors: Axelsson Erland , Lindsäter Elin , Ljótsson Brjánn , Andersson Erik , Hedman-Lagerlöf Erik
Published: December 2017

Background

The World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule 2.0 (WHODAS 2.0) is a widespread measure of disability and functional impairment, which is bundled with the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (Fifth Edition) for use in psychiatry. Administering psychometric scales via the Internet is an effective way to reach respondents and allow for convenient handling of data.

Objective

The aim was to study the psychometric properties of the 12-item self-report WHODAS 2.0 when administered online to individuals with anxiety and stress disorders. The WHODAS 2.0 was hypothesized to exhibit high internal consistency and be unidimensional. We also expected the WHODAS 2.0 to show high 2-week test-retest reliability, convergent validity (correlations approximately .50 to .90 with other self-report measures of functional impairment), that it would differentiate between patients with and without exhaustion disorder, and that it would respond to change in primary symptom domain.

Methods

We administered the 12-item self-report WHODAS 2.0 online to patients with anxiety and stress disorders (N=160) enrolled in clinical trials of cognitive behavior therapy, and analyzed psychometric properties within a classical test theory framework. Scores were compared with well-established symptom and disability measures, and sensitivity to change was studied from pretreatment to posttreatment assessment.

Results

The 12-item self-report WHODAS 2.0 showed high internal consistency (Cronbach alpha=.83-.92), high 2-week test-retest reliability (intraclass correlation coefficient=.83), adequate construct validity, and was sensitive to change. We found preliminary evidence for a three-factorial structure, but one strong factor accounted for a clear majority of the variance.

Conclusions

We conclude that the 12-item self-report WHODAS 2.0 is a psychometrically sound instrument when administered online to individuals with anxiety and stress disorders, but that it is probably fruitful to also report the three subfactors to facilitate comparisons between studies.

Trial Registration

Clinicaltrials.gov NCT02540317; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02540317 (Archived by WebCite at http://www.webcitation.org/6vQEdYAem); Clinicaltrials.gov NCT02314065; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02314065 (Archived by WebCite at http://www.webcitation.org/6vQEjlUU8)
NOISE CONTROL OF VEHICLE DRIVE SYSTEMS
Authors: Gabbert Ulrich , Duvigneau Fabian , Ringwelski Stefan
Published: December 2017

The paper presents an overall simulation approach to control the noise emission of car engines at a very early stage of the design process where no real prototypes are available. The suggested approach combines different physical models and couples different software tools such as multi-body analysis, fluid dynamics, structural mechanics, magneto-electrodynamics, thermodynamics, acoustics and control as well. The general overall simulation methodology is presented first. Then, this methodology is applied to a combustion engine in order to improve its acoustical behavior by passive means, such as changing the stiffness and the use of damping materials to build acoustic and thermal encapsulations. The active control by applying piezoelectric patch actuators at the oil sump as the noisiest part of the engine is discussed as well. The sound emission is evaluated by hearing tests and a mathematical prediction model of the human perception. Finally, it is shown that the presented approach can be extended to electric engines, which is demonstrated at a newly developed electric wheel hub motor.
PENINGKATAN KEAKTIFAN DAN PRESTASI BELAJAR IPS SISWA SEKOLAH DASAR DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN KOOPERATIF TEKNIK JIGSAW
Authors: Purnomo Rusmawan Puji
Published: December 2017

Abstrak: Penelitian ini betujuan untuk  (1) mengetahui  apakah   penggunaan model pembelajaran kooperatif  teknik  jigsaw  dapat  meningkatkan aktivitas belajar  IPS siswa  di lima SD mitra Prodi PGSD Universitas Sanata Dharma (USD), (2) mengetahui apakah  penggunaan model pembelajaran kooperatif  teknik  jigsaw  dapat  meningkatkan prestasi belajar    IPS siswa  di lima SD mitra Prodi PGSD USD. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif dengan  variabel penelitian  yang akan ditingkatkan adalah aktivitas belajar dan prestasi belajar siswa dengan menggunakan model pembelajaran kooperatif teknik jigsaw. Penelitian dilaksanakan di lima SD mitra Prodi PGSD USD yaitu SD Kanisius Gowongan Yogyakarta, SD Kanisius Wirobrajan Yogyakarta, SD Kanisius Kembaran Bantul, SD Negeri Denggung Sleman dan SD Negeri Tidar 7 Magelang.  Data penelitian dikumpulkan dengan menggunakan metode observasi dan dokumentasi, kemudian dianalisis menggunakan analisis kuantitatif.  Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: (1) aktivitas belajar IPS siswa di lima SD mitra Prodi PGSD USD mengalami peningkatan. Hal ini terlihat pada persentase: (a) aspek aktivitas bertanya kondisi awal 26% dan pada kondisi akhir 74%; (b) aspek aktivitas menjawab pertanyaan guru, pada kondisi awal 24% kondisi akhir 55%; (c) aspek aktivitas menyampaikan pendapat, pada kondisi awal 14%, kondisi akhir 52%; dan (d) aspek interaksi dalam kelompok, pada kondisi awal 26%, kondisi akhir 56%; (2) Prestasi belajar siswa di lima SD mitra Prodi PGSD USD mengalami peningkatan.  Hal ini terlihat dari nilai rata-rata mata pelajaran IPS di lima SD mitra, pada kondisi awal 57,10, dan pada kondisi akhir 73,50. Capaian KKM, pada kondisi awal 29,90 % dan pada kondisi akhir 70.95 %. Dengan demikian dapat disimpulkan bahwa (1) penggunaan model pembelajaran kooperatif  teknik jigsaw  dapat  meningkatkan aktivitas belajar  IPS siswa  di lima SD mitra prodi PGSD USD; (2) penggunaan model pembelajaran kooperatif  teknik jigsaw  dapat  meningkatkan prestasi belajar  IPS siswa  di lima SD mitra prodi PGSD USD.Kata Kunci: keaktifan belajar, prestasi belajar, model pembelajaran kooperatif teknik jigsaw
Pengaruh Ekstrak Tanaman Putri Malu (Mimosa pudica Linn) Terhadap Penurunan Kadar Glukosa Darah Pada Mencit (Mus musculus)
Authors: Mustapa Kasmudin , Rizky Amalia , Jura Minarni Rama
Published: December 2017

The research aim is to determine the effect of mimosa plant (mimosa pudica Linn) to reduce blood sugar levels in mice and determining the effective concentration of mimosa plant extracts as an alternative to decrease blood sugar levels. The extract is produced by the infusion method. The animal test used is male mice with amount 18 mice that induced by EDTA (ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid). Mice are divided into 6 groups randomly with different treatment. The group I, II, III and IV were given the mimosa plant extract with a concentration of 10, 20, 30, and 40% (w/v) respectively while group V is given glibenclamide suspension as positive control (+) and group VI is given Na-CMC 1% as negative control (-). Data were analyzed using the statistical test analysis of variance (ANOVA) and then followed by Duncan test. The results showed that the mimosa plant extract contains flavonoids, alkaloids, and tannins. In preclinical testing of mimosa plant extract proven to reduce blood sugar levels in mice and the most effective concentration is a concentration of 20% (w/v) with significantly α = 0.05.
Pengaruh Alumina Terhadap Membran Blend Kitosan-Polivinil Alkohol- LitiumSebagai Membran Elektrolit Baterai
Authors: Mesakh Eka Putra , Napitupulu Mery , Gonggo Siang Tandi
Published: December 2017

The research aim was to study the effect of adding % weight alumina on the conductivity of polymer electrolyte chitosan-PVA-lithium. The characterization of functional groups was determined using fourier transform infrared spectrometry (FTIR). The Ionic conductivity of polymer electrolyte chitosan-PVA-lithium-alumina was measured by using impedance spectroscopy. The measurement results show the polymer electrolyte with the addition of 5% alumina provides the highest ionic conductivity of 3.991 x 10-3S/cm. Battery characteristics of electrolyte polymer of chitosan-PVA-lithium with the addition of alumina have a voltage of 1.4 Volts compared to commercial batteries which have a voltage of 1.5 Volts. These results indicate that alumina can be used as a filler to increase the ionic conductivity.
Pengaruh Model Pembelajaran Guided Inquiry dengan Mind Map terhadap Hasil Belajar dan Motivasi Siswa pada Materi Redoks di Kelas X SMA Negeri 5 Palu
Authors: Lumentut Regina S. , Said Irwan , Mustapa Kasmudin
Published: December 2017

This study aimed to investigate the effect of guided inquiry learning model with mind map toward learning achievement and motivation of students on Reduction-Oxidation in Class X at SMA 5 Palu. This study was a quasi-experimental design with a non-randomized pretest-posttest control group design. This study was carried out by holding two groups of Class X Sciences 1 as the experimental group (n = 31) and Class X Sciences2 as the control group (n = 32). Testing of learning achievement data of students used t-test statistical analysis of two parties with the prerequisite tests: normality and homogeneity tests of written test given after learning (posttest). Results of the data analysis showed the average value (i) of the experimental class was 56.48 with a standard deviation of 11.07, and (ii) of the control class was 46.25 with a standard deviation of 11.98. Based on the hypothesis test results with t-test statistical of two parties obtained -ttable ≤ tcountt≥ + ttable (tcount = 2.43 and ttable= 1.67) with a significance level of α = 0.05 and degrees of freedom of 61, then H0 is rejected and Ha is accepted. Results of the data analysis of students motivation by using descriptive statistical analysis from the questionnaire of students motivation showed that the experimental class was currently on attitudes agree with the positive category of 82.58%, and the control class was on attitudes agree with the positive category of 83.78%.It can be concluded that there was an effect of guided inquiry learning model with mind map toward learning achievement of students, but it had no effect on the motivation of students in Class X at SMA 5 Palu on Reduction-Oxidation.
Uji Aktivitas Antioksidan Ekstrak Air dan Ekstrak Etanol Daun Kelor (Moringa Oleifera LAM)
Authors: Rizkayanti Rizkayanti , Diah Anang Wahid M. , Jura Minarni Rama
Published: December 2017

Moringa (moringa oleifera Lam) leaves contains many molecules as inhibitors for free radicals such as phenolic compounds (phenolic acids, flavonoids, quinones, coumarins, lignans, stilbenes, tannins), nitrogen compounds (alkaloids, amines, betalain), vitamins, terpenoids (including carotenoids), and several other endogenous metabolites as antioxidants. This study aimed to determine the antioxidant potency of water and ethanol extracts of moringa (moringa oleifera Lam) leave obtained by maceration and dekok. The concentration of free radical 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) was analyzed using UV-Vis spectrophotometer after addition of various concentrations of Moringa leaves extracts. Various concentrations of moringa leave extracts used were 20 ppm, 40 ppm, 60 ppm and 80 ppm. Vitamin C solutions as the positive control were prepared on similar various concentrations. The negative control was prepared using DPPH solutions dissolved in absolute ethanol. The results indicated that the ethanol extract of moringa leaves prepared by maceration method showed the antioxidant potency with an IC50 value of 22.1818 ppm, but the IC50 value of water extract of moringa leaves prepared by dekok was 57.5439 ppm. While, the IC50 value of Vitamin C was 8.8084 ppm. Based on the IC50 data it can be concluded that Vitamin C is a stronger antioxidant than moringa leaves extracts.
The p300 and CBP Transcriptional Coactivators Are Required for β-Cell and α-Cell Proliferation
Authors: Wong Chi Kin , Wade-Vallance Adam K. , Luciani Dan S. , Brindle Paul K. , Lynn Francis C. , Gibson William T.
Published: December 2017

p300 (EP300) and CBP (CREBBP) are transcriptional coactivators with histone acetyltransferase activity. Various β-cell transcription factors can recruit p300/CBP, and thus the coactivators could be important for β-cell function and health in vivo. We hypothesized that p300/CBP contribute to the development and proper function of pancreatic islets. To test this, we bred and studied mice lacking p300/CBP in their islets. Mice lacking either p300 or CBP in islets developed glucose intolerance attributable to impaired insulin secretion, together with reduced α- and β-cell area and islet insulin content. These phenotypes were exacerbated in mice with only a single copy of p300 or CBP expressed in islets. Removing p300 in pancreatic endocrine progenitors impaired proliferation of neonatal α- and β-cells. Mice lacking all four copies of p300/CBP in pancreatic endocrine progenitors failed to establish α- and β-cell mass postnatally. Transcriptomic analyses revealed significant overlaps between p300/CBP-downregulated genes and genes downregulated in Hnf1α-null islets and Nkx2.2-null islets, among others. Furthermore, p300/CBP are important for the acetylation of H3K27 at loci downregulated in Hnf1α-null islets. We conclude that p300 and CBP are limiting cofactors for islet development, and hence for postnatal glucose homeostasis, with some functional redundancy.
8. Pharmacologic Approaches to Glycemic Treatment: Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes—2018
Authors:   American Diabetes Association
Published: December 2017

The American Diabetes Association (ADA) “Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes” includes ADA’s current clinical practice recommendations and is intended to provide the components of diabetes care, general treatment goals and guidelines, and tools to evaluate quality of care. Members of the ADA Professional Practice Committee, a multidisciplinary expert committee, are responsible for updating the Standards of Care annually, or more frequently as warranted. For a detailed description of ADA standards, statements, and reports, as well as the evidence-grading system for ADA’s clinical practice recommendations, please refer to the Standards of Care Introduction. Readers who wish to comment on the Standards of Care are invited to do so at professional.diabetes.org/SOC.
9. Cardiovascular Disease and Risk Management: Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes—2018
Authors:   American Diabetes Association
Published: December 2017

The American Diabetes Association (ADA) “Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes” includes ADA’s current clinical practice recommendations and is intended to provide the components of diabetes care, general treatment goals and guidelines, and tools to evaluate quality of care. Members of the ADA Professional Practice Committee, a multidisciplinary expert committee, are responsible for updating the Standards of Care annually, or more frequently as warranted. For a detailed description of ADA standards, statements, and reports, as well as the evidence-grading system for ADA’s clinical practice recommendations, please refer to the Standards of Care Introduction. Readers who wish to comment on the Standards of Care are invited to do so at professional.diabetes.org/SOC.
14. Diabetes Care in the Hospital: Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes—2018
Authors:   American Diabetes Association
Published: December 2017

The American Diabetes Association (ADA) “Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes” includes ADA’s current clinical practice recommendations and is intended to provide the components of diabetes care, general treatment goals and guidelines, and tools to evaluate quality of care. Members of the ADA Professional Practice Committee, a multidisciplinary expert committee, are responsible for updating the Standards of Care annually, or more frequently as warranted. For a detailed description of ADA standards, statements, and reports, as well as the evidence-grading system for ADA’s clinical practice recommendations, please refer to the Standards of Care Introduction. Readers who wish to comment on the Standards of Care are invited to do so at professional.diabetes.org/SOC.
15. Diabetes Advocacy: Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes—2018
Authors:   American Diabetes Association
Published: December 2017

The American Diabetes Association (ADA) “Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes” includes ADA's current clinical practice recommendations and is intended to provide the components of diabetes care, general treatment goals and guidelines, and tools to evaluate quality of care. Members of the ADA Professional Practice Committee, a multidisciplinary expert committee, are responsible for updating the Standards of Care annually, or more frequently as warranted. For a detailed description of ADA standards, statements, and reports, as well as the evidence-grading system for ADA's clinical practice recommendations, please refer to the Standards of Care Introduction. Readers who wish to comment on the Standards of Care are invited to do so at professional.diabetes.org/SOC.
Tulevien vanhempien alkoholinkäyttö raskausaikana
Authors: Komulainen Jenni , Lepistö Sari , Helminen Mika , Kylmä Jari , Paavilainen Eija
Published: December 2017

Tutkimuksessa kuvataan tulevien vanhempien alkoholinkäyttöä raskausaikana. Tutkimusaineisto kerättiin vuoden 2012 aikana lastaan odottavilta tulevilta äideiltä ja heidän puolisoiltaan. Tutkimukseen osallistui 380 perhettä. Tutkimusaineistoa käsiteltiin ristiintaulukoinnin avulla ja kuvattiin tarkastelemalla vastausten frekvenssejä sekä prosenttiosuuksia. Yli puolet raskaana olevista tulevista äideistä käytti alkoholia raskausaikana. Suurin osa raskausaikana alkoholia käyttävistä naisista käytti alkoholia harvoin ja pieniä määriä kerralla, vaikka lähes neljännes käytti kerralla vähintään kolme alkoholiannosta. Runsaasti alkoholia raskausaikana käytti lähes viisi prosenttia tulevista äideistä. Enemmistö puolisoista käytti alkoholia kohtuullisesti. Lähes puolet käytti alkoholia korkeintaan kerran kuukaudessa ja hieman yli puolet käytti kerralla yksi–neljä alkoholiannosta. Runsaasti alkoholia käytti noin seitsemän prosenttia puolisoista ja reilu 12 prosenttia heistä oli raittiita. Tulevien vanhempien arviot toistensa alkoholin käytöstä olivat melko yhteneväiset. Vanhempien kanssa on tärkeä keskustella alkoholinkäytöstä, sen vaikutuksista lapsiin ja mahdollisista haitoista lapselle ja perheen arjelle esimerkiksi neuvolassa. Raskaana olevien naisten alkoholinkäytön yleisyyttä tulisi myös kartoittaa laajemmin Suomessa. Olisi myös mielenkiintoista selvittää, miksi suomalaiset naiset käyttävät alkoholia raskausaikana, vaikka virallisissa ohjeistuksissa tulevia äitejä ohjeistetaan pidättäytymään alkoholista raskausaikana.
ĐA DẠNG THÀNH PHẦN LOÀI VI KHUẨN LAM TIỀM NĂNG SINH HOẠT CHẤT KHÁNG KHUẨN, KHÁNG NẤM TỪ ĐẤT RUỘNG LÚA HUYỆN PHÚ VANG THỪA THIÊN HUẾ
Authors: Liên Nguyễn Thị Thu , Nhân Lê Thị Tuyết , Sơn Nguyễn Hồng , Huệ Nguyễn Thị , Thi Phạm Thị Diễm
Published: December 2017

Tóm tắt: Với mục đích tìm kiếm các loài vi khuẩn lam có tiềm năng sản sinh các hợp chất hoạt tính sinh học, chúng tôi trình bày kết quả phân lập, xác định thành phần loài vi khuẩn lam (VKL) từ đất ruộng lúa huyện Phú Vang – Thừa Thiên Huế và thăm dò khả năng kháng khuẩn, kháng nấm của chúng. Đã thu thập được 22 loài vi khuẩn lam thuộc 2 bộ (Nostocales và Oscillatoriales), 3 họ (Nostocaceae, Rivulariaceae và Oscillatoriaceae) và 6 chi (Anabaena, Cylindrospermum, Nostoc, Calothrix, Oscillatoria và Phormidium). 20 chủng VKL được phân lập và duy trì ổn định trong môi trường nhân tạo.  12 chủng được làm sạch khuẩn và xác định hoạt tính kháng vi sinh vật của dịch chiết của chúng đối với Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli và Candida albicans, trong số đó 9 chủng kháng Bacillus subtilis, 9 chủng kháng Staphylococcus aureus, 5 chủng kháng Escherichia coli, 5 chủng kháng nấm Candida albicans. Chủng có hoạt tính cao nhất và cũng là chủng kháng được cả 3 loại VSV kiểm định là chủng HN42 của loài Nostoc muscorum với đường kính vòng kháng từ 4,5 đến 9,0 mm.Từ khóa: vi khuẩn lam, đa dạng, kháng khuẩn, kháng nấm, dịch chiết