bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Exploring the Idea of “Assessment with Learners” in Discussing Language Assessment Literacy
Authors: Goto Butler Yuko
Published: September 2022

Inspired by Fulcher’s (2012) data-driven approach to language assessment literacy (LAL), I introduce learners’ voices as a way to better understand teachers’ LAL. I also incorporate learnings from recent literature on child development regarding research with children to suggest that we consider assessment with learners in LAL and language assessment studies more generally. Assessment with learners offers a new perspective on discussions of LAL as well as a new means of assisting learners to enhance their own understanding of how assessment works. Drawing from examples in my own work on LAL, I address a few potential benefits of incorporating learners’ voices in LAL discussions. With an emphasis on “by doing” and “learner-centered” elements, assessment with learners can resonate well with Fulcher’s apprenticeship content approach to LAL.
The Romance and the Tragedy in the Hever Castle Rose: Anne Boleyn and Henry VIII
Authors:   Dragomanov National Pedagogical University, Kyiv, Ukraine, Pet’ko Lyudmila
Published: September 2022

The article devoted to Hever Castle and the rose "Hever Castle" introduced by English hybridizer Colin Horner for the UK in 2011. This rose is named after unique among the castles of Great Britain, Hever Castle, childhood home of Anne Boleyn, the Queen of England from 1533 to 1536 as the second wife of King Henry VIII. On 7 September 1533, she gave birth to Queen Elizabeth I. Presented films dedicated to the tragic love of Anna and Henry VIII, and actresses who embodied Anne’s image in the cinema. Considered Oscar-winning film "Anne of the Thousand Days" (1969), its filming location at Heaver Castle. The text of the article is supplemented with illustrations for a better understanding and perception. Described history of the song 'My Lady Greenleaves', the authorship of which is mistakenly attributed to King Henry VIII, in which he expressed his love for Anne.
The Use of Simulation in Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography training: A Literature Review
Authors: Khattak Mohammad Fawad
Published: September 2022

BACKGROUND: Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is an advanced endoscopy procedure that has become the gold standard minimally invasive method of diagnosing and treating a vast variety of hepatopancreatobiliary diseases. It is associated with a significantly higher rate and wider range of adverse events compared with standard Upper GI endoscopy, with fewer of these procedures being performed in most centres and with procedure specific equipment and skills that most novice endoscopists will not be familiar with. These issues make training in ERCP challenging. AIMS: This literature review aims to look at the existing information available in the literature on the use of endoscopy simulators in ERCP training to see whether simulation training has a role in ERCP training, the main benefits and drawbacks of endoscopic simulation training, and how simulation training can be integrated into the learning process for achieving competence in ERCP. METHOD: Study searches were conducted in the MEDLINE, EMBASE, CENTRAL/Cochrane Library databases, Web of Science, Google Scholar, LILACS and FINDit. Studies assessing simulation training against traditional training or against other methods of simulation were identified for inclusion in this literature review. Results: Eight studies met the criteria for inclusion in this literature review with five of these being randomised control trials, where the primary outcome was biliary cannulation rates in simulation training against a control group. CONCLUSION: Simulation training has the potential to make trainees more knowledgeable about the basics of ERCP and help develop the technical skills required to perform ERCP competently, as shown by all four RCTs demonstrating that trainees in the simulation group had a statistically higher rate of achieving biliary cannulation against control groups. Endoscopic simulation training should be embedded in ERCP training programmes to act as an important part of the initial development of skills in a safe environment, where trainees can achieve a satisfactory level of proficiency before performing procedures on patients to limit the risk of adverse events and complications. Further trials are required to assess EMS and ECS against traditional methods of learning.
Design of hotel and restaurant complexes under the conditions of the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Cherednyk Alisa , Varyvonchyk Anastasiіa
Published: September 2022

The purpose of the article is to study and analyze innovative solutions in the design of hotel and restaurant facilities in a pandemic, in accordance with their aesthetic, socio-cultural and utilitarian functions, in compliance with all quarantine requirements in the hotel and restaurant business. The methodology is based on the leading general scientific principles: systematics, development, and determinism. The systematic approach involves the study of structures: project decision-making in the hotel and restaurant business during the quarantine period as a complex object, analysis of all components of the project, their relationship in content, structure, form of expression, expressiveness. Scientific novelty. The study considers and analyzes the spatial solution of hotel and restaurant facilities, in accordance with the models of their presentation and design concepts and modern regulatory requirements, taking into account current trends and prospects for the development of institutions. Conclusions. The catering industry was one of the first to experience the effects and significant decline in profits from the COVID-19 pandemic. Since March 2020, most institutions have been forced to close. Innovative technologies, high-tech devices, devices, gadgets, devices, etc. were used to continue the activity, which enabled institutions to serve and interest customers. Design and innovative solutions for the design and engineering of hotel and restaurant facilities in a pandemic to overcome the crisis in our country and abroad are analyzed. The article considers ways to improve institutions in the event of a pandemic. The article investigates creative design solutions in the design of hotel and restaurant businesses.
Keywords: hotel and restaurant economy, public catering establishment, design, innovations, technologies.
The phenomenon of informational influence in the scientific environment: theories, definitions
Authors: Zimenko Oleksandr
Published: September 2022

The purpose of the article is to consider approaches to the study of information impact. The basic concepts and understanding of information impact are studied. The signs, components, and features of information influence in the modern world are determined. Different points of view on studying the phenomenon of informational influence of leading Ukrainian and world scientists are analyzed, and definitions and aspects of studying the phenomenon in different scientific fields are considered. Isolation of positive and negative approaches to the study of information demand. The research methodology consists of the application of comparative analysis, historical-logical method, and synthesis. The scientific novelty of the work is the analysis of thorough publications on the topic of information impact, as well as highlighting the main scientific views on this phenomenon and various aspects of studying the phenomenon of information impact, highlighting definitions among a number of scientific specialties, as well as in the allocation of positive and negative approaches to the study of the phenomenon of information impact. Conclusions. The influence of information has changed over time, and its concept has changed accordingly. However, for a long time, this topic is one of the most common in the modern world. We highlighted the main points of view on theories and definitions of information impact in the scientific environment, analyzed scientific publications on this topic, in general, and identified and analyzed a range of scientific views on information impact. Information impact is a relevant and multifaceted phenomenon, which is considered by scientists in various fields of science positively and negatively. Scientists highlight various aspects of the phenomenon, but it should be noted that the information impact as a phenomenon requires more thorough study and systematization by both the Ukrainian and the world scientific community.
Key words: information influence, information, media, social networks, information war.
Crowdfunding as an effective form of fundraising: prospects for libraries
Authors: Sysova Yuliia
Published: September 2022

The purpose of the article is to study the theoretical and applied foundations of fundraising as purposeful integrated marketing activities to attract supporters and resource partners of the library, as well as to identify opportunities for crowdfunding and attracting investors in certain areas of library and information activities to understand the prospects of library business. Methodology. The theoretical basis of the research was scientific theoretical developments and concepts of leading scientists. The following methods were used in the research process: theoretical method generalization and comparison, the system method, method of induction and deduction, etc. The importance and possibilities of using crowdfunding as an innovative tool for the long-term development of libraries and librarianship in Ukraine have been studied. The scientific novelty of the research is to deepen and generalize the trends of crowdfunding in the world and to determine the prospects of this innovative tool for the development of libraries in Ukraine. Conclusions. The organization of crowdfunding initiatives is a very promising business in the world in general, and in Ukraine in particular. Given current trends, crowdfunding can become an alternative form of organizing funding for library development and support for literary projects.
Key words: fundraising, crowdfunding, crowdfunding platform, investor, financing, libraries, library business.
Polyphenols: The Pharmaceutical Approach and International Health
Authors: Suyal Karan , Dhali Suraj , Ojha Abhijeet , Pant Navin Chandra
Published: September 2022

Polyphenols are the beneficial chemicals that are found naturally in plants. Their importance came into light because of their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. The risk of many diseases such as diabetes, cancer, neurodegenerative diseases, obesity have been reduced by eating the rich sources of polyphenolic foods. Polyphenols are naturally occurring compounds which are obtained from plant products like in some fruits, vegetables, tea, dark chocolates and many others. It works as antioxidants, anti-cancer, gives nourishment to skin and increases collagen. Polyphenols are of various types like Flavonoids as kaempferol, Phenolic acid as lignans and polyphenolic amides. Onion, apple, tea, red wine, red grapes, grape juice, strawberry, raspberries, blueberries and certain nuts are the rich sources of polyphenols. They are secondary metabolites of plants. They give protection from ultraviolet radiations or from aggression by pathogens. They prevent our cells from damaging and also reduces the risk of various diseases like cancer, heart diseases (Cardial disorders) and diabetes. They also help in reducing inflammation (pain, redness, swelling, heat). Polyphenols also tend to reduce the risk of type 2 diabetes and obesity. It is important to understand the effect of polyphenols towards the international health and human diseases.

Keywords: Polyphenols, antioxidants, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, coronary disfunction, gut microflora, hypertension, Cellular structure.
Nutrition Support among Critically Ill Pediatric Patients: The Current Practice
Authors:   Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran., Roudi Fatemeh , Sezavar Majid ,   Clinical Research Development Unit of Akbar Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran., Naseri Maryam ,   Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran., Azadeh Fahimeh ,   Health Deputy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran., Khademi Gholamreza ,   Clinical Research Development Unit of Akbar Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
Published: September 2022

Background: Pediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU) admitted patients are considered as a nutritionally high-risk population, for whom optimum energy and nutrient delivery is an important treatment strategy preventing organ dysfunction and subsequently poor clinical outcomes. Objectives: The present study aimed to investigate the nutritional adequacy indices and their probable relations to clinical outcomes in critically ill children. Methods: This project was a retrospective cross-sectional study carried out at the Akbar Children’s Hospital, Mashhad, Iran. All critically ill children with PICU stay >48 hours during May-June 2019 were enrolled. Age, gender, medical diagnosis, nutritional status, energy and protein requirements and deliveries, and clinical outcomes of patients were extracted. Results: Seventy-one patients were included, among whom 39 subjects (54.9%) were male. The prevalence of malnutrition was 45.3% and 52.4% in PICU patients with surgical and non-surgical underlying diseases, respectively. There were significant associations between the nutritional status of the patients (upon the PICU admission time), infection, and mortality rate. Mean±SEM values of the estimated energy requirement and delivered energy were 85.7±1.6 and 68.3±2.1 kcal/kg/d, respectively. In addition, the estimated protein requirement and protein delivery were 2.5±0.08 and 1.8±0.03 gr/kg/d, respectively. Energy intake had a negative association with infection rate and lower protein delivery was negatively associated with prolonged duration of mechanical ventilation. Conclusions: Significant associations were found between energy/protein delivery and some clinical outcomes. The findings indicated the necessity of immediate further studies on the efficacy of different nutritional interventions as well as monitoring of optimal nutrition support barriers in critically ill children.
Comparison of Immunoglobulins Status In Splenectomized And Non-Splenectomized Patients With Major Beta-Thalassemia
Authors:   Children and Adolescent Health Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran., Miri-Aliabad Ghasem , Rezaeifar Alireza ,   Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran., Salarzaei Mahdi ,   Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran.
Published: September 2022

Background: Thalassemia is one of the most prevalent genetic disorders globally, and infections are one of the major causes of death in these patients. Various studies have attributed the increased susceptibility to bacterial infections in thalassemia patients to changes in their immunological status. Objectives: This research aimed to measure serum levels of immunoglobulins (Igs) in Thalassemia Major (TM) patients and in the control group. Methods: The study included forty TM patients (20 splenectomized and 20 non-splenectomized) and 20 healthy participants (the control group). Three groups were matched for age and gender. Mean serum levels of immunoglobulins (IgG, IgA and IgM) were measured for all individuals by ELISA. P<0.05 was considered the significance level. Results: Increased serum IgG and IgA levels and significantly reduced serum IgM levels were observed in the splenectomized patients compared to the non-splenectomized ones. A comparison of the study groups revealed that serum IgG and IgA levels in the splenectomized patients and the mean serum IgM and IgG levels in the non-splenectomized patients were higher than those of the healthy participants. The mean serum IgM levels in the splenectomized patients and the mean serum IgG levels in the non-splenectomized patients were lower than those of the control group. Conclusions: The results showed that splenectomy could change the immunological status of thalassemia patients. Nevertheless, the exact mechanism for this change was not clear. Studying the serum levels of immunoglobulins might be useful in determining the severity of infections in TM patients.
Osmanlı Maliye Sisteminde Hınzır Vergisi
Authors: YEŞİLYURT Şahin
Published: September 2022

Bu çalışma Osmanlı maliyesinde uygulanmış olan hınzır vergisinin tahsil edilmesinin dayanakları ve verginin uygulanması esnasında tecrübe edilen olayları arşiv belgeleri vasıtasıyla incelemektedir. Hınzırın beslenmesi, ticaretinin yapılması ve tüketilmesi Müslümanlara yasak olmasına karşın, Osmanlı idaresi altında gayrimüslimlerin de yaşamasından ötürü gayrimüslimler tarafından beslenen ve ticareti yapılan hınzırlar üzerinden vergi alınmıştır. Ayrıca literatürde yaygın olarak bilinen hınzır vergisine ilaveten, Osmanlı maliye sisteminde hınzır üzerinden örneğin resm-i bojik gibi farklı vergiler de alınmıştır. Osmanlı tarihi açısından hınzır vergisi, genel itibariyle sembolik bir anlam taşımıştır. Ancak 19. yüzyılın sonlarına doğru, Osmanlı Devleti’nin içinde bulunduğu zorlu iktisadi koşullardan ötürü hınzır vergisi, bütçe açığını kısmen de olsa kapatmak maksadıyla bir gelir kaynağı olarak görülmüştür.
Pandemi Sürecinde Sağlık Kaygısının Boylamsal İncelenmesi ve Yaşam Doyumu ile İlişkisi
Authors: ŞENOL Alperen
Published: September 2022

Birçok ülkede milyonlarca insanı etkileme ihtimali olan pandemiler, kişinin kendisi ile sevdiklerine yönelik sağlık tehditleri de dahil olmak üzere birçok psikososyal stres faktörüyle ilişkilidir. Alanyazında yapılan çalışmalar, önceki salgın hastalıklara benzer şekilde, Covid-19 pandemisini de çeşitli psikolojik sıkıntı ve bozuklukla ilişkilendirmektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı pandemi sürecinde bireylerin sağlık kaygısı ve yaşam doyumu arasındaki ilişkiyi, ilişkisel analizler kullanarak kesitsel ve boylamsal olarak incelemektir. Bu amaca yönelik olarak çalışmada, Sağlık Anksiyetesi Ölçeği ve Yaşam Doyumu Ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Yapılan iki ölçüm arası DSM-5 Hastalık Kaygısı Bozukluğu kriterleri de gözetilerek altı ay süre belirlenmiş, 2020 Mart ve Eylül ayları çalışma kapsamında değerlendirilmiştir. Bu çalışmaya göre altı aylık süreç içerisinde sağlık kaygısında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir değişim gözlenmemiştir. Birinci ölçümde sağlık kaygısı, yaşam doyumunu yordayan bir değişken değilken, ikinci ölçümdeki sağlık kaygısı, bireylerin yaşam doyumunu yordayan bir değişken olarak öne çıkmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın diğer bir bulgusuna göre yaş ve sağlık kaygısı arasında negatif yönlü bir ilişki söz konusudur. Buna göre yaşın yükseldikçe sağlık kaygısının da paralel şekilde azaldığı söylenebilir. Tüm bu bulgular, yurtiçi ve yurtdışı diğer çalışmalarla birlikte tartışılmış ve çalışma sonucunda öneriler sunulmuştur. Alanda yapılan diğer çalışmalar, pandemi döneminin psikolojik sağlık üzerindeki etkisini boylamsal olarak ele alan çalışmaların ihtiyacına vurgu yapmaktadır.
Information Disclosure in the Implementation of Trade in Goods or Services as a Form of Consumer Protection
Authors: Al Kautsar Izzy , Muhammad Danang Wahyu
Published: September 2022

The purpose of this study is to analyze the position of the principle of information disclosure in the climate of trade in goods or services and the relation of information disclosure to the role of law as a tool of social engineering and social control and to analyze the reasons for the judge's legal considerations related to information disclosure in the Constitutional Court Decision Number 65 /PUU-XIII/2015. The research method used is normative juridical. The results of this study are (1) Completeness of product information by business actors is a means of fulfilling the legalization of the rules of the Consumer Protection Law and a means of commercialization, meaning that there is a relationship between legal norms and economic values, so the legal binding is needed to accommodate consumer rights; (2) The Consumer Protection Law was established to manipulate and control the trade cycle in order to create security, certainty, and safety, especially for consumers against the behavior of business actors; (3) In the Consumer Protection Law Number 8 of 1999 has accommodated the rights of consumers, and the obligations of business actors, the regulations for providing information are contained in Articles 4-18 of the Consumer Protection Law. If business actors carry out their obligations to convey information thoroughly and straightforwardly and do not heed the regulations in the Consumer Protection Law, there are criminal sanctions contained in Article 62.
A Machine Learning-based Model to Predict the Cap Geometry of Anatolian Seljuk Kümbets
Authors: Güzelci Orkan Zeynel
Published: September 2022

The funerary structures known as kümbets emerged as a unique typology during the Anatolian Seljuk period (1077–1307). The term "kümbet" refers to a monumental tomb that has a tetrahedral, polyhedral, or conical cap. Although the majority of Anatolian Seljuk kümbets underwent renovation work in the 20th century, a lack of guidance and insufficient documentation has resulted in very few of them retaining their original characteristics. To support the decision-making processes of experts in future renovation work, this study introduces a machine learning (ML)-based model that predicts the cap geometry of kümbets through the use of section drawings. The model development process begins with the determination of the methods to be employed (Pix2Pix and SSIM). This is followed by data collection, data preparation and refinement, and the training of the machine learning model. Finally, there is testing and validation of the model. The results of both a two-step validation process and objective evaluations show that the ML-based model presented in this study has the potential to use section data to provide predictions of the cap geometries of kümbets.
An Assessment of the Impact of Relations with Major Powers on National Security: Nigeria in Perspective
Authors: Oluwagbire Olusola Kolawole
Published: September 2022

Relations between states under the Westphalia system have been characterized either by power struggles or mutual benefits in all spheres, including politics and the military. It has been conjectured that the foreign policy objectives of major powers normally influence the national security of other states. Nigeria, a country in West Africa, is an example of such a state whose national security is believed to be influenced by its relations with the major powers. An assessment of the degree of such influence on Nigeria’s national security is the focus of this contribution. We point out that there is indeed such influence in areas such as balance of trade, military capacity, societal values and interference with Nigeria’s regional dominance.
The Origin of Some Military Terms
Authors: Enfedaque Cristina Sáiz , de Baños Carrillo Antonio Martínez
Published: September 2022

The influence of the Roman Empire on Great Britain was deep, and Latin was the commonly used lingua franca at that time. The terms used for some ranks, weapons, cities, and others in many cases have their etymological origin in Latin or old English, or their derivatives in Romance languages. In the military realm, the hierarchical chain of command is defined by ranks such as the word ‘officer.’ In the case of cities, it is possible to know the influence of Roman locations in Great Britain from their names, as in the example of ‘Chesterfield’. Some words come from acronyms of specifically English etymology, as in ‘radar’, while others represent the full meaning of an organization, hierarchy, and so on, such as the word ‘army’.
Reconditioning the Freshman Gene: Can a “Positive Visualisation Course” Successfully modify Freshmen Students’ Perceptions of a University’s Brand Image?
Authors: Kountouridou Marilia , Dino Domic
Published: September 2022

Branding in higher education has proven to be an effective strategy that has received considerable attention in recent years, and a growing number of articles on the subject have begun to appear in the literature. However, a clear gap within the literature indicates that the concept of students’ perceptions of university brand image has not been thoroughly researched. Consequently, this research focuses on investigating the impact of a positive visualization course in brand identity upon the perception of freshmen students of a university’s brand image. A Qualitative Grounded Theory methodological approach has been employed consisting of semi-structured interviews specifically targeting first-year university students. The preliminary findings resulting from this research, reveal a beneficial influence of the positive visualization course in brand identity upon freshmen students’ perceptions of the university’s brand image. Investigating this topic is greatly beneficial since it has enabled the researcher to provide substantial insights into how freshmen students formulate perceptions.
Mapping Corporate Social Responsibility Research: A Bibliometric analysis
Authors: Sawhney Rameet Kaur , Goel Puneeta , Bhardwaj Sachin
Published: September 2022

Corporate social responsibility (CSR) is a multidisciplinary concept which has gained attention with numerous exploratory, descriptive and empirical research conducted worldwide across various academic fields. This paper quantitatively analyses the existing research in order to provide scientific mapping on this subject area. The objective of the study is to summarise the existing research and identify future scope of research on the topic corporate social responsibility. For this Scopus database is selected to extract research documents, since it is a wide database that provides quality research articles on the topic. Total 1301 research documents published across 315 journals as well as 7946 sources referred by these articles were extracted following the scientific search on the Scopus database in order to conduct Bibliometric analysis over biblioshiny. Biblioshiny is a web-based software using R studio through which descriptive analysis, citation analysis, co-citation analysis, Thematic analysis, network analysis and data visualization is conducted. Thematic analysis in the study suggests various new themes have evolved across the topic making the topic interdisciplinary. Citation and co-citation analysis indicate existence of influential authors and documents with limited author collaboration in research expertise on this topic. The study identifies the emerging themes as well as prospective and new themes like environment, carbon credit, innovation, and decision making for future studies on this subject area. The results of the study provide insights for policy makers for promoting sustainable and conclusive development.
دور الفضائيات العراقية نحو ثقافة التظاهر والاحتجاج
Authors: فاضل أنفال حسن , حميد شريف سعيد
Published: September 2022

أوضح البحث موضوعاً تمت ممارسته و نقل أخباره في القنوات الفضائية في السنوات الاخيرة بشكلكثير، هو دور القنوات الفضائية في ثقافة التظاهر. و بشكل عام يرمي هذا البحث الى التوصل الى معرفةمدى تأثير التلفاز لا سيما تأثير البرامج التي تحمل مضامين التظاهر والاحتجاج ، على الجمهور ، وماينجم عنها من اثار معرفية و وجدانية وسلوكية نتيجة تعرض الفرد لهذه البرامج و تأثيرها من جهة ثقافةالتظاهر .فضلا عن ذلك فقد اهتم البحث ببيان دور القنوات الفضائية العراقية في انماء وغرس هذه الثقافة، و متابعة ما يتلوها من تغيير او تعديل او تنميه اتجاهات جديدة ، و كل ذلك جرى تطبيقا لمداخل نظريتي)الاعتماد على وسائل الاعلام( و )الغرس الثقافي( ، و ذلك عن طريق إجراء دراسات مسحية على جمهورمدينة بغداد المركز، بعينه بلغ عددها 817 تم استبعاد 50 منها لعدم مشاهدتهم يرامج القنوات الفضائيةالعراقية فيما يتعلق بقضايا التظاهرة الأحتجاج . وتوصل البحث الى النتائج الآتية :- تصدرت النشرة الاخبارية والبرامج الحوارية المراتب الاولى من ابرز البرامج والخدمات الاخبارية التييفضلها الجمهور في استفتاء المعلومات عن التظاهرات والاحتجاجات .- اظهرت النتائج اختيار المبحوثين اهم الفضائيات العراقية التي يتابع من خلالها برامج ومضامينالتظاهرات والاحتجاجات وبالترتيب حيث حصلت قناة الشرقية على المرتبة الاولى تليها قناة العراقيةوفي المرتبة الاخيرة قناة دجلة .- تصدرت )النشرات الاخبارية( وبرنامج )بالحرف الواحد( في قناة الشرقية و )بين الناس( في قناة دجلةالمراتب المتقدمة من اختيارات المبحوثين بشأن افضل البرامج التي تابعوا عبرها أخبار التظاهراتوالمتظاهرين عبر الفضائيات العراقية .- اعتماد الجمهور على معلومات القنوات الفضائية العراقية التي تقوم بتغطية قضايا التظاهرات جعلهميشاركون مشاركة فعليا بها .- اكد ) 47.7 %( من المبحوثين على ان الفضائيات اسهمت بدرجة متوسطة في غرس واشاعة ثقافة التظاهروالاحتجاج بين طبقات وشرائح المجتمع والجمهور العراقي . اما الأسباب التي تميز القنوات الفضائيةالعراقية في أنها اسهمت في تعزيز واشاعة ثقافة التظاهر ، تمثلت في انها ساندت المتظاهرين فيايصال مطالبهم ، و وضعت يدها على ابرز نقاط الضعف في عمل الحكومة ، بفضل عن ذلك انها قدمترؤية للحكومة عن طبيعة عمل دوائرها وتقصيرها في تقديم خدمة للمواطن ، واخيراً تمثل بأن القنواتالفضائية العراقية عززت الجوانب الايجابية للتظاهرات.
Numerical Model for Cerebrovascular Hemodynamics with Indocyanine Green Fluorescence Videoangiography
Authors: Cheon Hwayeong , Son Young-Je , Park Sung Bae , Shim Pyoung-Seop , Son Joo-Hiuk , Yang Hee-Jin
Published: September 2022

Objective : The use of indocyanine green videoangiography (ICG-VA) to assess blood flow in the brain during cerebrovascular surgery has been increasing. Clinical studies on ICG-VA have predominantly focused on qualitative analysis. However, quantitative analysis numerical modelling for time profiling enables a more accurate evaluation of blood flow kinetics. In this study, we established a multiple exponential modified Gaussian (multi-EMG) model for quantitative ICG-VA to understand accurately the status of cerebral hemodynamics.Methods : We obtained clinical data of cerebral blood flow acquired the quantitative analysis ICG-VA during cerebrovascular surgery. Varied asymmetric peak functions were compared to find the most matching function form with clinical data by using a nonlinear regression algorithm. To verify the result of the nonlinear regression, the mode function was applied to various types of data.Results : The proposed multi-EMG model is well fitted to the clinical data. Because the primary parameters—growth and decay rates, and peak center and heights—of the model are characteristics of model function, they provide accurate reference values for assessing cerebral hemodynamics in various conditions. In addition, the primary parameters can be estimated on the curves with partially missed data. The accuracy of the model estimation was verified by a repeated curve fitting method using manipulation of missing data.Conclusion : The multi-EMG model can possibly serve as a universal model for cerebral hemodynamics in a comparison with other asymmetric peak functions. According to the results, the model can be helpful for clinical research assessment of cerebrovascular hemodynamics in a clinical setting.
Divulgação científica nas escolas: a importância da polinização das flores na agricultura
Authors: Rodrigues Aurea Andrea Tavares , Meiado Marcos Vinicius , Soares Sheila Milena Neves de Araújo
Published: September 2022

A botânica é uma área da biologia que possui uma grande importância científica, econômica e cultural, com influência na qualidade de vida e na sobrevivência humana, mas cujo ensino é considerado difícil. Diante disso, é necessário buscar estratégias de ensino, como a divulgação científica que pode funcionar como uma ferramenta de ensino. Para aproximar estudantes do 2° ano do ensino médio de três unidades escolares estaduais de São Raimundo Nonato Piauí ao tema de botânica e melhorar o processo de ensino-aprendizagem, esse trabalho utilizou uma pequena pesquisa sobre polinização de espécies agrícolas cultivadas na microrregião. A atividade pedagógica se deu por meio de palestras, modelos didáticos e jogo. Ao comparar a média dos alunos antes e depois das intervenções didáticas, os resultados mostram que as atividades em divulgação científica podem auxiliar na construção do conhecimento dos alunos no processo de ensino-aprendizagem e possibilita uma maior fixação dos conteúdos de botânica.
Isolasi dan Identifikasi Senyawa Flavonoid Madu Hutan (Apis dorsata) Kapuas Hulu dengan Metode KLT dan Spektrofotometri UV-Vis
Authors:   Akademi Farmasi Yarsi Pontianak Indonesia, Syafitri Youni , Wasanti Indira Ha'in ,   Akademi Farmasi Yarsi Pontianak Indonesia, Puspasari Heny ,   Akademi Farmasi Yarsi Pontianak Indonesia
Published: September 2022

Madu hutan memiliki banyak khasiat untuk kesehatan dan kecantikan. Madu hutan mengandung flavonoid yang berfungsi sebagai antioksidan . Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui jenis senyawa flavonoid yang terdapat di dalam madu hutan (Apis dorsata). Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode maserasi menggunakan ekstrak etanol 96% madu hutan Kapuas Hulu dan hasil fraksinasi menggunakan pelarut air panas dengan suhu 40oC untuk identifikasi KLT dan ekstrak metanol madu hutan Kapuas Hulu untuk identifikasi spektrofotometri UV-Vis. Kemudian dilakukan uji fitokimia yang menunjukkan ekstrak madu hutan positif mengandung senyawa flavonoid. Identifikasi flavonoid dilakukan secara kromatografi lapis tipis (KLT) menggunakan eluen BAA (3:1:1) untuk mengetahui nilai Rf. Hasil KLT menunjukkan senyawa flavonoid madu hutan (Apis dorsata) mengandung Luteolin nilai Rf 78 dan Trisin nilai Rf 73 dari jenis flavon,Dihidrokuersetin nilai Rf 78 dari jenis flavanon, dan Isolikuiritigenin-4 glukosida nilai Rf 61 dari jenis khalkon. Dilanjutkan dengan ekstrak metanol diuji dengan KLT dielusi dengan beberapa pelarut yaitu n-heksan : etanol (8:2), n-heksan : etil asetat (8:2), BAA (3:1:1), dan BAA (4:1:5) diperoleh eluen dengan pemisahan terbaik yaitu BAA (4:1:5), kemudian dilanjutkan pemisahan dengan metode kromatografi kolom gravitasi. Hasil isolat dengan warna yang pekat dari hasil kromatografi kolom gravitasi kemudian diidentifikasi menggunakan spektrofotometri UV-Vis. Analisis UV-Vis isolat dengan puncak terbaik menghasilkan 2 puncak pada λ 235,4 nm (pita II) dan pada λ 381,9 nm (pita I) yang diduga senyawa khalkon atau auron. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian di atas dapat disimpulkan bahwa ekstrak madu hutan mengandung senyawa flavonoid jenis flavanon yang berfungsi sebagai antioksidan, antiinflamasi, anti jamur dan antibakteri. Jenis flavon berfungsi sebagai antioksidan atau penangkal radikal bebas, serta jenis khalkon berfungsi sebagai antibakteri, antiplatelet, antiulceratif, antimalaria, antikanker, antiviral, antileismanial, antioksidan, antihiperglikemik, immunomodulator, dan antiinflamasi
Aktivitas Antihiperurisemia Ekstrak Etanol Biji Mahoni (Swietenia macrophylla) Terhadap Tikus Jantan
Authors:   Institut Kesehatan Medistra Lubuk Pakam Indonesia, Situmorang Novidawati Boru , Dakhi Juniaro Virgilius ,   Institut Kesehatan Medistra Lubuk Pakam Indonesia, Marbun Romauli Anna Teresia ,   Institut Kesehatan Medistra Lubuk Pakam Indonesia
Published: September 2022

Asam Urat merupakan penyakit yang paling banyak dialami oleh masyarakat Indonesia. Allopurinol sebagai inhibitor spesifik dari enzim canthin oksidasi (XO) terbukti efektif dalam menurunkan kadar asam urat, tetapi efek sampingnya dapat menyebabkan gagal hati, hepatitis, hiperbilirubinemi, diare serta mual muntah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui potensi pemberian Ekstrak Etanol Biji Mahoni (EEBM) (Swientenia macrophylla) terhadap penururnan kadar asam urat pada tikus. Metode penelitian secara in vivo dengan penginduksi potassium oxonate dan jus hati ayam pada tikus. Sebanyak 5 kelompok tikus (Na-CMC 0,5%, tablet Allopurinol 3,6 mg/kgBB, EEBM (125, 250,375 mg/kgBB)) dilakukan selama 14 hari. Hasil uji ANOVA (p<0,05) menunjukkan adanya perbedaan rerata yang bermakna antara pretes 9,980 mg/dL dan postes 6,612 mg/dL sehingga EEBM berpotensi terhadapat penurunan kadar asam urat dalam darah tikus dengan jumlah rata-rata penurunan 3,392 mg/dL. Penurunan kadar asam urat tersebut diduga karena adanya kandungan senyawa flavonoid. Senyawa tersebut merupakan inhibitor xantin oksidase terkuat karena disebabkan oleh adanya gugus hidroksil C5 dan C7 selain itu, disebabkan juga oleh adanya C2 dan C3 sehingga lebih memudahkan interaksi dengan xantin oksidase. Mekanisme utama dari flavonoid berupa aktifitas inhibitor enzim dan antioksidan untuk radikal bebas.
Multimodal approach in algorithm of instrumental examination of patients with metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Gorbatenko O. A. , Venidiktova D. Yu. , Borsukov A. V.
Published: September 2022

Relevance. Currently, metabolic syndrome (MS) occurs in 20–30% of the population. The main age of patients is 20–65 years. The study of this syndrome is genetically determined, which indicates that insulin resistance is genetically determined. The obtained facts allowed us to consider MS as the principle of primary prevention of type 2 diabetes and its complications. MTS affects such vital organs as kidneys, pancreas, etc. Since the topic of the development of CKD in patients with metabolic syndrome is acute, a qualitative diagnosis of this complication is necessary. To date, such a method is non-ionizing contrast-enhanced ultrasound, which is not nephrotoxic and hepatotoxic and can be used in patients with reduced renal function.

Objective. Evaluation of the effectiveness of the multimodal approach in the algorithm of instrumental diagnostics of examination of patients with metabolic syndrome on the background of type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Materials and methods. A study of patients with metabolic syndrome (n = 240) was conducted in 2020–2022. When collecting and analyzing clinical and laboratory data, (n = 67) had metabolically associated fatty liver disease: 22 of them were women (32.8%), 45 men (67.2%), average age 51.0 ± 4.2. All patients were examined according to a single diagnostic algorithm, which included four stages. Stage 1. Examination of patients by specialists, including clinical and laboratory data, with the resolution of the conclusion (n = 67). Stage 2. Ultrasound of the liver with quantitative ultrasound steatometry with determination of the level of the attenuation coeffcient of the ultrasonic wave (n = 67). Stage 3. Conducting dualenergy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) in the ‘Whole body’ mode (with an assessment of the percentage of adipose tissue, abdominal obesity index) (n = 67). Stage 4. Conducting multiparametric ultrasound of the kidneys in B-mode and colour Doppler mapping (CDC) mode in patients with CKD, followed by contrast-enhanced ultrasound (n = 14). The criteria for inclusion in the study are age over 18 years, metabolic syndrome.

Conclusions. 1. The algorithm of examination of patients with metabolically associated fatty liver disease may include extended ultrasound examination of the kidneys, including contrast-enhanced ultrasound examination of the kidneys as a safe and effective method of assessing chronic kidney disease. 2. Two-energy X-ray absorptiometry in the ‘Whole body’ mode is a highly sensitive method in determining and monitoring the components of the metabolic syndrome. 3. A multimodal instrumental study of patients with metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes mellitus makes it possible to identify possible complications at an early stage.
Reading Xenofobia Through İmmigrations in Europe and Turkey
Authors: KARAKAYA Sedat
Published: September 2022

One of the most devastating consequences of conflicts and instability in different parts of the world is that, it triggers forced mass migration across the country's borders. The migration movement is often oriented towards developed and developing countries. Due to its negative repercussions on regional relations, international security and diplomatic relations, it is also seen that countries have resorted to a number of measures aimed at preventing migration. Migration, which causes changes macro-level changes, also provoke reactions among locals the target country. There are a number of reasons for the reactions of the country and local people to opposition. Ethnic and religious identity, economic competition, cultural import, integration problems, crime rates, etc cause the anti-immigrant sentiment of local people and some politicians. In this study, the relationship between the aforementioned concepts and the phenomenon of migration will be explained and xenophobia, which has developed over Syrian immigrants in Europe and Turkey, will be examined.
Zorunlu Göçe Hegemonik İlişkiler ve İnsan Hakları Bakışı
Authors: ÖKTEN SİPAHİOĞLU Buket
Published: September 2022

Soğuk Savaş'ın sona ermesinden bu yana sığınmacılar, mülteci akışları ve yerlerinden edilmiş insanlar dâhil olmak üzere zorunlu göçmenlerin sayısı önemli ölçüde artmıştır. Ülke içinde ve uluslararası alanda yerinden edilmiş milyonlarca insan ‘mülteci’ olarak kabul edilmektedir. Birleşmiş Milletler Mülteciler Yüksek Komiserliği'ne göre, 2021 yılı sonu itibariyla silahlı çatışma, yaygın şiddet, insan hakları ihlalleri ve yoksulluk gibi sebeplerle 89,3 milyon insan zorla yerinden edilmiş durumdadır. Konuyla ilgili araşırmalar, bazen, durumun ‘insancıl' tarafına odaklanmaktan yoksundur. Bu çalışma insan hakları perspektifinin, zorunlu göç çalışmalarında yer alması gereken temel perspektiflerden birisi olduğunu savunmaktadır. Devletler, uluslarüstü kurumlar ve uluslararası kuruluşlar, bu savunmasız insanları ‘koruma’ rolüne sahiptir. Hegemonik ilişkilerin engeli olarak, yardım kuruluşları ve ilgili uluslararası organizasyonlar ne yazık ki insan haklarının korunması konusunda bazen pasif halde kalmaktadır. Bu sorunun çözümü için devlet, uluslararası organizasyonlar ve ulusüstü yapılanmalardan destek almak kaçınılmazdır. Bu minvalde çalışma, zorunlu göç çalışmalarının hegemonik ilişkilerin toplumsal eleştirisine güçlü bir şekilde dâhil olduğunu iddia etmektedir. Zorunlu olarak yerlerinden edilen insanların haklarının korunması için çeşitli mekanizmalar olsa da kalıcı çözümler bulmak hala büyük bir zorluk teşkil etmektedir.
Effects of different plant growth regulators on the pod setting, aborted seed, nutrient, and vitamin C content in okra using flower ovary injection
Authors: Hossain Abu Bakar Mohammed Sharif , Alenazi Mekhled Mutarin , Taha Rosna Mat
Published: September 2022

The study was conducted to investigate the effect of different concentration of indole acetic acid (IAA), naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) and gibberellic acid (GA3) on okra pod setting and size, soluble solids content (SSC), vitamin C and mineral contents using flower ovary injection method. The fruit set significantly increased in IAA and GA3 compared to the NAA at 100mg/L concentration. NAA had lower fruit setting than the IAA and GA3 treated plant. The higher pod (fruit) size was obtained in GA3 (18.8 cm²) as compared to the IAA (8.98) and NAA (8.72 cm²) at 100 (mg/L) of concentration. Moreover, the highest SSC was obtained by 100 mg/L of IAA concentration as compared to the GA3 and NAA. The maximum vitamin C was found in IAA and GA3 as compared to 100 mg/L NAA concentration. On the other hand, the higher mineral contents like K, Ca, Mg, Na and Fe was found in 100 mg/L IAA and GA3 concentrations than 100 mg/L NAA concentration. The higher concentrations (100 and 200 mg/L) of IAA and NAA greatly decreased the healthy seed percentage as compared to the lower concentration. However, GA3 increased the healthy seed percentage at 50 and 100 mg/L then decreased at 200 mg/L concentration. Aborted seed percent was increased from 25-100mg/L IAA and NAA and then decreased at 200 mg/L. however it was found increasing trend from 25-200mg/L GA3 concentration. It seemed that GA3 and IAA were better growth regulator as compared to the NAA for okra pod production and development of nutrient content.
Nitrogen/sulfur dual-doped micro-mesoporous hierarchical porous carbon as host for Li-S batteries
Authors: Zhao Liping , Zhao Lihe , Zhao Ye , Liu Gang
Published: September 2022

A simple hydrothermal process employing sucrose and glutathione as the source of carbon and nitrogen-sulfur, respectively, a porous carbon/sulfur composite material doped with nitrogen and sulfur (NSPCS) was synthesized. The detailed structure information of the material was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and Raman spectroscopy. The morphology information was investigated through Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) methods. Structure of the pores and pore size distribution were investigated employing N2 adsorption-desorption isotherm. The material was treated Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) in order to know the weight ratio of sulfur. The synthesized NSPCS composite produced high specific capacity, excellent rate performance and exceptionally good cycle stability when used as the positive electrode in Li-S batteries.
Fibronectin-1 is a dominant mechanism for rheumatoid arthritis via the mediation of synovial fibroblasts activity
Authors: Yang Jie , Zhang Yan , Liang Jingqi , Yang Xinquan , Liu Liang , Zhao Hongmou
Published: September 2022

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) has a high incidence and adverse effects on patients, thus posing a serious threat to people’s life and health. However, the underlying mechanisms regarding the development of RA are still elusive. Herein, we aimed to evaluate the RA-associated molecular mechanisms using the scRNA-seq technique. We used the GEO database to obtain scRNA-seq datasets for synovial fibroblasts (SFs) from RA cases, and the genes were then analyzed using principal component analysis (PCA) and T-Stochastic Neighbor Embedding (TSNE) analyses. Bioinformatics evaluations were carried out for asserting the highly enriched signaling pathways linked to the marker genes, and the key genes related to RA initiation were further identified. According to the obtained results, 3 cell types (0, 1, and 2) were identified by TSNE and some marker genes were statistically upregulated in cell type 1 than the other cell types. These marker genes predominantly contributed to extracellular matrix (ECM) architecture, collagen-harboring ECM, and ECM structural components, and identified as enriched with PI3K/AKT signaling cascade. Notably, fibronectin-1 (FN-1) has been identified as a critical gene that is strongly linked to the development of SFs and has enormous promise for regulating the onset of RA. Moreover, such an investigation offers novel perspectives within onset/progression of RA, suggesting that FN-1 may be a key therapeutic target for RA therapies.