bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Associations Between Integrated Care Practice and Burnout Factors of Primary Care Physicians
Authors: Zubatsky Max , Pettinelli Doug , Salas Joanne , Davis Dawn
Published: November 2018

Background and Objectives: Physician burnout is increasingly problematic across many health care settings. Despite this trend, little is known about whether the type of collaboration in these settings may potentially help curb this trend. We explored whether higher levels of integrated care practice are associated with reduced burnout for physicians across settings.
Methods: A national survey was sent to health care professionals who work in a variety of medical settings. Primary care physicians (n=288) were a subset of this sample and were asked about their practice demographics and perceptions of burnout. A shortened version of the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) assessed for areas of burnout in physicians.
Results: Higher levels of integrated care were associated with higher personal accomplishment (B=1.89, 95% CI:0.47, 3.31) and lower depersonalization (B=-2.48, 95% CI:-4.54, -0.42) in routine practice on the MBI. No significant associations were found between MBI scores and both years of practice at a current site or number of providers at the site.
Conclusions: While physician burnout continues to be a worsening problem, integrated care may be an additional strategy to help curb this trend. Administrators need to consider the value of integrated practice in addressing physician wellness—the potentially next big aim of health care.
TotShots: An Innovative Pediatric Free Clinic Providing High Patient Satisfaction to the Underserved
Authors: LaGrandeur Jamie , Moros Maria , Dobrick Jenna , Rahimian Rombod , Siyahian Aida , Tomlinson Emily , Gordon Paul
Published: November 2018

Background and Objectives: The University of Arizona College of Medicine-Tucson TotShots clinic is a student-developed, student-directed free clinic that provides sports physicals and vaccines to uninsured pediatric patients in Tucson, Arizona. TotShots runs under the greater umbrella of the Commitment to Underserved People Program, which aims to teach medical students how socioeconomic and cultural factors impact health and access to health care. Our objective was to study cost savings and patient satisfaction of this clinic.
Methods: Value of care provided through sports physicals and vaccine administration was calculated using the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services Physician Fee Schedule and Centers for Disease Control Vaccines for Children Decisions Analysis Model. In addition, patient satisfaction was measured through the utilization of an optional three-question survey completed by patients in their preferred language at the resolution of their visit. Vaccines and sports physicals were administered from April 2017 to November 2017.
Results: TotShots administered 51 vaccines and completed 115 sports physicals resulting in a value of $415.65 of administration fees and $5,878.80 of sports physical examinations. Sixty-three of 66 total patients completed patient satisfaction surveys. Of those patients, 57 (90.5%) were highly satisfied with their provider’s communication, 58 (92%) rated their perception of the quality of medical care they received as excellent, and 54 (85.7%) of patients were highly satisfied with their overall TotShots experience.
Conclusions: TotShots fills a valuable role in increasing access to vaccines and sports physicals while maintaining high patient satisfaction and high value of cost savings.
PedHITSS: A Screening Tool to Detect Childhood Abuse in Clinical Settings
Authors: Shakil Amer , Day Philip G. , Chu Jessica , Woods Sarah B. , Bridges Kate
Published: November 2018

Background and Objectives: Though child abuse is prevalent and detrimental, health care providers fail to screen for abuse at sufficient rates to detect or preempt events. Current child abuse screening tools lack brevity and usefulness in clinical settings. To validate the Pediatric Hurt-Insult-Threaten-Scream-Sex (PedHITSS) screening tool, a 5-item questionnaire designed to detect and prompt provider investigation into child abuse in clinical settings, the PedHITSS was compared to the Conflict Tactics Scale: Parent-Child Version (CTSPC) screening measure.
Methods: Participants included 422 pediatric patients (n=242 nonabused; n=180 abused subsample) recruited from an ambulatory care setting, a medical center at-risk referral clinic, or homeless shelter clinic. Parents were asked to complete a cross-sectional survey, including PedHITSS and CTSPC questionnaires. Concurrent validity of PedHITSS was tested with 242 participants identified as nonabused. Construct validity was assessed with 180 participants previously identified as victims of child abuse.
Results: Concurrent validity between the CTSPC and PedHITSS was strong, rs=.70 (P<.01). Sensitivity and specificity for correctly identifying abuse victims (≤12 years) was optimal at a cutpoint of one or greater. There was no significant difference in sensitivity and specificity of HITSS and CTSPC in correctly identifying victims of child abuse.
Conclusions: This study indicates that PedHITSS performs as well as CTSPC in identifying and differentiating victims and nonvictims of child abuse. PedHITSS allows health care providers to confidently screen and report suspected cases of child abuse and serves as a mechanism to confirm abuse status through validated means.
Perceptions of Parenting Residents Among Family Medicine Residency Directors
Authors: Morris Laura E. , Lindbloom Erik , Kruse Robin L. , Washington Karla T. , Cronk Nikole J. , Paladine Heather L.
Published: November 2018

Background and Objectives: Parenting during residency is increasingly common, and resident parents face unique demands on their time and emotional and cognitive resources. Physicians at all levels of training perceive negative impacts of parenting on career and family life. Surveys of program directors (PDs) in other specialties reveal concern about performance and quality of life of parenting residents. The primary aims of this study were to examine family medicine PDs’ perceptions of parenting residents’ performance and the adequacy of parenting support structures.
Methods: Data were collected from the 2017 Council of Academic Family Medicine (CAFM) Educational Research Alliance (CERA) Family Medicine Residency Program Directors survey. Directors provided the number and status of parenting residents and rated adequacy of parenting resources, resident performance, and impact of parenting on residents using a Likert scale. Results were compared between male/female PDs and male/female residents.
Results: Response rate was 57.1%. Less than half of PDs reported adequate parenting support structures in their program (46%). Over 40% of PDs reported that 81%-100% of female residents who take parental leave end up extending their residency training, the most common response category. PDs did not report gender-based differences in performance of parenting residents. PDs most often reported significantly worse well-being for female parenting residents but perceived improved well-being of male parents.
Conclusions: Less than half of family medicine PDs feel their program has adequate parenting resources. Female parenting residents commonly extend residency training. PDs perceive parenting negatively impacts well-being of female residents, but not male residents.
Measuring the Consistency of Quantitative and Qualitative Information in Financial Reports: A Design Science Approach
Authors: Chou Chi-Chun , Chang C. Janie , Chin Chen-Lung , Chiang Wei-Ta
Published: November 2018

This study uses a design science approach to examine the consistency between quantitative financial ratios and qualitative narrative disclosures in the annual reports. To extract information on the tone of unstructured qualitative textual data, we first use the term frequency/inverse document frequency (TFIDF) text mining technique to classify each company's narrative disclosure as either “Positive” or “Negative.” For the quantitative information, we use the K-means method to cluster each company's financial performance data into “Good” or “Poor” groups. Consistency is said to occur when the textual and numerical data form either a “Positive-Good” pair or a “Negative-Poor” pair. The design model is presented in a stepwise fashion and therefore is transparent for evaluation and validation. Our evaluation process demonstrates the feasibility of the design model. The evaluation was conducted using listed semiconductor companies in countries with different levels of market development. The results show that U.S. firms are less likely to exaggerate in their narrative disclosures and are more likely to understate their performance in MD&As compared to companies in other markets such as China and Taiwan.
GLP-1 Receptor in Pancreatic α-Cells Regulates Glucagon Secretion in a Glucose-Dependent Bidirectional Manner
Authors: Zhang Yanqing , Parajuli Keshab R. , Fava Genevieve E. , Gupta Rajesh , Xu Weiwei , Nguyen Lauren U. , Zakaria Anadil F. , Fonseca Vivian A. , Wang Hongjun , Mauvais-Jarvis Franck , Sloop Kyle W. , Wu Hongju
Published: November 2018

Glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) is known to suppress glucagon secretion, but the mechanism by which GLP-1 exerts this effect is unclear. In this study, we demonstrated GLP-1 receptor (GLP-1R) expression in α-cells using both antibody-dependent and antibody-independent strategies. A novel α-cell–specific GLP-1R knockout (αGLP-1R−/−) mouse model was created and used to investigate its effects on glucagon secretion and glucose metabolism. Male and female αGLP-1R−/− mice both showed higher nonfasting glucagon levels than their wild-type littermates, whereas insulin and GLP-1 levels remained similar. Female αGLP-1R−/− mice exhibited mild glucose intolerance after an intraperitoneal glucose administration and showed increased glucagon secretion in response to a glucose injection compared with the wild-type animals. Furthermore, using isolated islets, we confirmed that αGLP-1R deletion did not interfere with β-cell function but affected glucagon secretion in a glucose-dependent bidirectional manner: the αGLP-1R−/− islets failed to inhibit glucagon secretion at high glucose and failed to stimulate glucagon secretion at very low glucose condition. More interestingly, the same phenomenon was recapitulated in vivo under hypoglycemic and postprandial (fed) conditions. Taken together, this study demonstrates that GLP-1 (via GLP-1R in α-cells) plays a bidirectional role, either stimulatory or inhibitory, in glucagon secretion depending on glucose levels.
An Integrated Understanding of the Molecular Mechanisms of How Adipose Tissue Metabolism Affects Long-term Body Weight Maintenance
Authors: Mai Knut , Li Linna , Wiegand Susanna , Brachs Maria , Leupelt Verena , Ernert Andrea , Kühnen Peter , Hübner Norbert , Robinson Peter , Chen Wei , Krude Heiko , Spranger Joachim
Published: November 2018

Lifestyle-based weight loss interventions frequently demonstrate long-term inefficiency and weight regain. Identification of underlying mechanisms and predictors to identify subjects who will benefit from lifestyle-based weight loss strategies is urgently required. We analyzed 143 adults of the randomized Maintain trial (Maintain-Adults) after intended weight loss to identify mechanisms contributing to the regulation of body weight maintenance. Unbiased RNA sequencing of adipose and skeletal muscle biopsies revealed fatty acid metabolism as a key pathway modified by weight loss. Variability of key enzymes of this pathway, estimates of substrate oxidation, and specific serum acylcarnitine (AC) species, representing a systemic snapshot of in vivo substrate flux, predicted body weight maintenance (defined as continuous or dichotomized [< or ≥3% weight regain] variable) 18 months after intended weight loss in the entire cohort. Key results were confirmed in a similar randomized controlled trial in 137 children and adolescents (Maintain-Children), which investigated the same paradigm in a pediatric cohort. These data suggest that adaption of lipid utilization in response to negative energy balance contributes to subsequent weight maintenance. Particularly a functional role for circulating ACs, which have been suggested to reflect intracellular substrate utilization, as mediators between peripheral energy stores and control of long-term energy homeostasis was indicated.
Effects of Topically Administered Neuroprotective Drugs in Early Stages of Diabetic Retinopathy: Results of the EUROCONDOR Clinical Trial
Authors: Simó Rafael , Hernández Cristina , Porta Massimo , Bandello Francesco , Grauslund Jakob , Harding Simon P. , Aldington Stephen J. , Egan Catherine , Frydkjaer-Olsen Ulrik , García-Arumí José , Gibson Jonathan , Lang Gabriele E. , Lattanzio Rosangela , Massin Pascale , Midena Edoardo , Ponsati Berta , Ribeiro Luísa , Scanlon Peter , Lobo Conceição , Costa Miguel Ângelo , Cunha-Vaz José ,   European Consortium for the Early Treatment of Diabetic Retinopathy (EUROCONDOR), Simó R. , Hernández C. , García-Ramírez M. , van Reck E. , Gil E. , Morillas M. , Cunha-Vaz J. , Ribeiro L. , Lobo C. , Costa M.A. , Nunes S. , Figueira J. , Pereira-Marques I. , Neves C. , Schwartz C. , Porta M. , Trento M. , Durando O. , Merlo S. , Bandello F. , Lattanzio R. , Zucchiatti I. , Grauslund J. , Frydkjaer-Olsen U. , Harding S.P. , Scanlon P. , Aldington S.J. , Jones V. , Johnson L. , Carter S. , Spurway J. , Egan C. , Esposti S. , Leitch-Devlin L. , Rocco V. , Rees A. , García-Arumí J. , Zapata M.A. , Boixadera A. , Macià C. , Distefano L. , Torrent T. , Casals F. , de Dios N. , Gibson J. , Lang G.E. , Jens-Ulrich W. , Christian E. , Adnan K. , Massin P. , Erginay A. , Midena E. , Vujosevic S. , Pilotto E. , Longhin E. , Convento E. , Ponsati B. , Fernández-Carneado J. , Arrastia-Casado S. , Orgué S. , Ramírez-Lamelas D.T. , Almazán-Moga A. , Salvà A. , Riera L.
Published: November 2018

The primary objective of this study was to assess whether the topical administration of two neuroprotective drugs (brimonidine and somatostatin) could prevent or arrest retinal neurodysfunction in patients with type 2 diabetes. For this purpose, adults aged between 45 and 75 years with a diabetes duration ≥5 years and an Early Treatment of Diabetic Retinopathy Study (ETDRS) level of ≤35 were randomly assigned to one of three arms: placebo, somatostatin, or brimonidine. The primary outcome was the change in implicit time (IT) assessed by multifocal electroretinography between baseline and at the end of follow-up (96 weeks). There were 449 eligible patients allocated to brimonidine (n = 152), somatostatin (n = 145), or placebo (n = 152). When the primary end point was evaluated in the whole population, we did not find any neuroprotective effect of brimonidine or somatostatin. However, in the subset of patients (34.7%) with preexisting retinal neurodysfunction, IT worsened in the placebo group (P < 0.001) but remained unchanged in the brimonidine and somatostatin groups. In conclusion, the topical administration of the selected neuroprotective agents appears useful in preventing the worsening of preexisting retinal neurodysfunction. This finding points to screening retinal neurodysfunction as a critical issue to identify a subset of patients in whom neuroprotective treatment might be of benefit.
DNA Sequence Variation in ACVR1C Encoding the Activin Receptor-Like Kinase 7 Influences Body Fat Distribution and Protects Against Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Emdin Connor A. , Khera Amit V. , Aragam Krishna , Haas Mary , Chaffin Mark , Klarin Derek , Natarajan Pradeep , Bick Alexander , Zekavat Seyedeh M. , Nomura Akihiro , Ardissino Diego , Wilson James G. , Schunkert Heribert , McPherson Ruth , Watkins Hugh , Elosua Roberto , Bown Matthew J. , Samani Nilesh J. , Baber Usman , Erdmann Jeanette , Gupta Namrata , Danesh John , Saleheen Danish , Gabriel Stacey , Kathiresan Sekar
Published: November 2018

A genetic predisposition to higher waist-to-hip ratio adjusted for BMI (WHRadjBMI), a measure of body fat distribution, associates with increased risk for type 2 diabetes. We conducted an exome-wide association study of coding variation in UK Biobank (405,569 individuals) to identify variants that lower WHRadjBMI and protect against type 2 diabetes. We identified four variants in the gene ACVR1C (encoding the activin receptor-like kinase 7 receptor expressed on adipocytes and pancreatic β-cells), which independently associated with reduced WHRadjBMI: Asn150His (−0.09 SD, P = 3.4 × 10−17), Ile195Thr (−0.15 SD, P = 1.0 × 10−9), Ile482Val (−0.019 SD, P = 1.6 × 10−5), and rs72927479 (−0.035 SD, P = 2.6 × 10−12). Carriers of these variants exhibited reduced percent abdominal fat in DEXA imaging. Pooling across all four variants, a 0.2 SD decrease in WHRadjBMI through ACVR1C was associated with a 30% lower risk of type 2 diabetes (odds ratio [OR] 0.70, 95% CI 0.63, 0.77; P = 5.6 × 10−13). In an analysis of exome sequences from 55,516 individuals, carriers of predicted damaging variants in ACVR1C were at 54% lower risk of type 2 diabetes (OR 0.46, 95% CI 0.27, 0.81; P = 0.006). These findings indicate that variants predicted to lead to loss of ACVR1C gene function influence body fat distribution and protect from type 2 diabetes.
Impact of the Diabetes Canada Guideline Dissemination Strategy on the Prescription of Vascular Protective Medications: A Retrospective Cohort Study, 2010–2015
Authors: Rigobon Alanna V. , Kalia Sumeet , Nichols Jennica , Aliarzadeh Babak , Greiver Michelle , Moineddin Rahim , Sullivan Frank , Yu Catherine
Published: November 2018

OBJECTIVE

The 2013 Diabetes Canada guidelines launched targeted dissemination tools and a simple assessment for vascular protection. We aimed to 1) examine changes associated with the launch of the 2013 guidelines and additional dissemination efforts in the rates of vascular protective medications prescribed in primary care for older patients with diabetes and 2) examine differences in the rates of prescriptions of vascular protective medications by patient and provider characteristics.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

The study population included patients (≥40 years of age) from the Canadian Primary Care Sentinel Surveillance Network (CPCSSN) with type 2 diabetes and at least one clinic visit from April 2010 to December 2015. An interrupted time series analysis was used to assess the proportion of eligible patients prescribed a statin, ACE inhibitor (ACEI)/angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB), or antiplatelet prescription in each quarter. Proton pump inhibitor (PPI) prescriptions were the reference control.

RESULTS

A dynamic cohort was used where participants were enrolled each quarter using a prespecified set of conditions (range 25,985–70,693 per quarter). There were no significant changes in statin (P = 0.43), ACEI/ARB (P = 0.42), antiplatelet (P = 0.39), or PPI (P = 0.16) prescriptions at baseline (guideline intervention). After guideline publication, there was a significant change in slope for statin (−0.52% per quarter, SE 0.15, P < 0.05), ACEI/ARB (−0.38% per quarter, SE 0.13, P < 0.05), and reference PPI (−0.18% per quarter, SE 0.05, P < 0.05) prescriptions.

CONCLUSIONS

There was a decrease in prescribing trends over time that was not specific to vascular protective medications. More effective knowledge translation strategies are needed to improve vascular protection in diabetes in order for patients to receive the most effective interventions.
Long-term Mortality After Kidney Transplantation in a Nationwide Cohort of Patients With Type 1 Diabetes in Finland
Authors: Ortiz Fernanda , Harjutsalo Valma , Helanterä Ilkka , Lempinen Marko , Forsblom Carol , Groop Per-Henrik
Published: November 2018

OBJECTIVE

To examine time trends in mortality rates and causes of death in patients with type 1 diabetes and end-stage renal disease on dialysis and after kidney transplantation.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

In a nationwide retrospective cohort analysis, all patients with type 1 diabetes in Finland who received a kidney transplant alone were compared with patients who remained on dialysis. The main outcome was patient survival after starting dialysis. The cohort was divided into dialysis, functioning kidney transplant, and dialysis after transplant loss. Causes of death were retrieved and standardized mortality ratios calculated.

RESULTS

We studied 2,383 patients. Patients survived a median of 15.9 years after a successful transplant, 11.2 years if transplant function was lost, and 2.9 years if they remained on chronic dialysis. Standardized mortality ratio decreased in all subgroups during the past four decades: from 2005 onwards, it was 3.9 in patients receiving a kidney transplant, 11.5 in patients with graft loss, and 32.5 in patients on dialysis. The most common cause of death in all patients was ischemic heart disease (45%) followed by infection (18%), which was more common in patients on dialysis.

CONCLUSIONS

Kidney transplantation is the treatment of choice for patients with type 1 diabetes and end-stage renal disease because it substantially reduces the excess death risk when compared with dialysis. Even when kidney graft function is lost, the excess death risk is still considerably lower. Although overall mortality has decreased over the years, premature death due to ischemic heart disease remains high.
Thermo-resonance analysis of an excited graphene sheet using a new approach
Authors: MALİKAN Mohammad , DİMİTRİ Rossana , TORNABENE Francesco
Published: November 2018

Forced vibration of graphene
nanoplate based on a refined plate theory in conjunction with higher-order
nonlocal strain gradient theory in the thermal environment has been
investigated. Regarding the higher-order nonlocal strain gradient theory, both stress
nonlocality and size-dependent effects are taken into account, so the
equilibrium equations which are governing on the graphene sheet have been
formulated by the theory. The extracted equations will be solved by a closed-form
approach by which maximum dynamic deflection has been obtained while all the
edges are considered as simple boundaries. To approve the results of the plate
theory, several available well-known references have been compared. Finally,
after determining the accuracy of the equations, different parameters have been
examined for showing the behavior of the nanoplate exposed to a transverse dynamic
harmonic load.
Assessment of nutritional status by composite index of anthropometric failure (CIAF): a study among preschool children of Sagar Block, South 24 Parganas District, West Bengal, India
Authors: Biswas Sadaruddin , Giri Som Prasad , Bose Kaushik
Published: November 2018

Being a developing nation, rural India is still facing a serious health problem in form of undernutrition particularly among young children. To optimize this problem, the Central Government has been operating a nationwide nutritional intervention programme in the form of Integrated Child Development Service (ICDS) scheme. Unfortunately, it has failed to achieve the desired goal during last four decades. Therefore the present study was designed to measure the seriousness and severity of overall undernutrition using Composite Index of Anthropometric Failure (CIAF) among the rural Bengalee preschool children of Sagar Block, South 24 Parganas, West Bengal, India. This cross-sectional study was conducted among 656 preschool children (326 boys and 330 girls) aged 3 to 5 years. Height (cm) and weight (kg) measurements were taken according to standard procedure, age and sex specific 2 z-scores values of height-for-age, weight-for-height and weight-for-age were used to assess stunting, wasting and underweight, respectively, as per the World Health Organization Guidelines. CIAF was also computed as per standard methodology to assess the degree of undernutrition among the studied children. The overall age and sex combined prevalence of stunting, wasting, underweight and CIAF was 26.2%, 35.4%, 51.1% and 61.3%, respectively. CIAF showed a higher prevalence of undernutrition (61.28%) in comparison to other three indicators i.e., stunting, wasting and underweight. We conclude that the nutritional status of the subjects was not satisfactory. It was also established that the CIAF is a better indicator of nutritional status than traditional measures of stunting, wasting and underweight, because it determines overall (total) anthropometric failure.
Anthropometric profile of female handball players is related to bone mineral density
Authors: Pastuszak Anna , Górski Michał , Gajewski Jan , Buśko Krzysztof
Published: November 2018

The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship of a wide range of anthropometric parameters with BMD in normal-weight women: handball players and healthy untrained students. Thirteen former female handball players, (age 21.2±0.9 years, body mass 64.2±6.1 kg, training experience 6.7±2.4 years) and 51 randomly selected untrained students (age 20.6±1.2 years, body mass 58.1±6.8 kg), were examined. The anthropometric measurements included 16 variables. BMD was measured on the radius of the non-dominant hand at distal and proximal points with dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), using a Norland pDEXA densitometer. Relationships between BMD and anthropometric variables were assessed in 64 normal-weight women (BMI≥18.5 and ≤ 24.99 kg/m2), by calculating Pearson’s linear correlation coefficient. We found a significant positive relationship between bone mass characteristics and biacromial breadth (0.30-0.53), calf (0.28-0.47) and arm (0.27-0.42) girth corrected, and lean body mass (LBM) (kg) (0.38-0.61) and (%) (0,27) in the group of normal-weight women. The student groups were significantly different (analysis of variance with Scheffé post hoc test, p<0.001) in BMD, bone mineral content (BMC) and Z-score at both measured points. The former handball players were also characterized by higher body mass and LBM (kg), as well as corrected body girths and biacromial breadth (p<0.001), compared to untrained students. The groups did not differ significantly in body height or total fat. The morphological profile of the female handball players is conducive to BMD. Skeletal characteristics and muscle tissue had a significant beneficial effect on bone mineral characteristics in young women with normal weight.
Planeamiento estratégico local y evaluación del Desarrollo Urbano Sostenible Integrado en ciudades medias
Authors: Del Espino Hidalgo Blanca , Navas Carrillo Daniel
Published: November 2018

Las políticas de Desarrollo Urbano Sostenible Integrado actuales exigen una monitorización continuada y reiterativa de las iniciativas previstas o puestas en práctica. A este respecto, un consorcio de organismos europeos ha desarrollado y puesto a disposición de los planificadores una herramienta diseñada de manera específica para evaluar la visión integrada de planes, proyectos y acciones ideadas y/o desarrolladas en pequeñas, medianas o grandes ciudades de toda Europa: el Reference Framework for Sustainable Cities (RFSC). Este trabajo presenta los resultados del análisis comparado de dos planes estratégicos diseñados para Lucena, una ciudad media en el sur de Córdoba, España, desde la evaluación de su visión integrada. Las ciudades medias han sido consideradas desde las directrices europeas como la categoría urbana con mejores cualidades para la sostenibilidad urbano-territorial.
Políticas europeas y gobernanza metropolitana: una asignatura pendiente
Authors: Tomàs Mariona
Published: November 2018

La sociedad europea es mayoritariamente urbana. A pesar de ello, las áreas metropolitanas no gozan de reconocimiento político a escala europea y, en la mayoría de los casos, tampoco a escala nacional. En este artículo hacemos un análisis comparado de los modelos de gobernanza metropolitana en Europa a partir de cuatro variables: la fragmentación del territorio, las competencias de naturaleza metropolitana, el tipo de financiación y el tipo de representación. En la mayoría de países europeos no existen gobiernos metropolitanos con competencias exclusivas y autonomía fiscal, aunque las tendencias recientes de reformas en Italia y Francia se enmarcan en un mayor reconocimiento de la realidad metropolitana. La ausencia de gobiernos metropolitanos fuertes contrasta con la evolución del diseño de los fondos europeos, en el que se ha ido incluyendo progresivamente la dimensión urbana de las políticas. A pesar de todo, la gestión de fondos europeos por parte de autoridades metropolitanas sigue siendo minoritaria, lo que plantea un reto para la gobernanza metropolitana.
El nuevo municipalismo: derecho a la ciudad y comunes urbanos
Authors: Blanco Ismael , Gomà Carmona Ricard , Subirats Joan
Published: November 2018

El artículo ofrece en primer lugar una perspectiva general sobre la era urbana, entendida como un nuevo tiempo global donde las ciudades juegan un papel central, en tanto que espacios que producen y reflejan las grandes dinámicas vertebradoras de las primeras décadas del siglo XXI. Ello permite situar un segundo elemento de discusión: lo común y la proximidad como posibles respuestas donde generar proyectos colectivos de protección y reconocimiento. En ese sentido, el artículo plantea los retos clave de empoderamiento de las ciudades en redes horizontales de gobernanza. En un plano más concreto, la reflexión se traslada a la evolución del municipalismo en España: la trayectoria de tres décadas de gobiernos locales democráticos, las dinámicas recientes de movilización urbana, y el nuevo escenario surgido de las elecciones de 2015. A partir de ahí, el artículo plantea la posible configuración de un nuevo municipalismo definido por dos dimensiones: una agenda de políticas urbanas comprometidas con el derecho a la ciudad; y una agenda de prácticas urbanas vinculadas a la construcción del común. La Obra Social de la PAH se expone, finalmente, como caso que permite articular ambos aspectos: la producción de comunes urbanos y el ejercicio del derecho a la vivienda.
Procesos de agenda y políticas de desarrollo urbano: centrando la cuestión
Authors: González Medina Moneyba , Huete García María Ángeles
Published: November 2018

Presentación del monográfico "Gobernanza y políticas de desarrollo urbano: teoría y práctica", coordinado por Moneyba González Medina y María Ángeles Huete García.
Evaluasi 3D Texturing Process Pada Bentuk Dinding Bangunan Bersejarah Candi Cetho
Authors: Setiawan Dimas
Published: November 2018

Pemanfaatan teknologi dapat dimanfaatkan untuk  membantu pemerintah dalam upaya pelestarian budaya, trend baru dalam melakukan proses rekonstruksi yang biasa dilakukan adalah dengan melakukan Pemodelan 3D dengan menggunakan teknik scan dan fotogrametri. Pemodelan menggunakan teknik polygonal modeling menghasilkan produk model 3D dari candi cetho, namun proses pemberian teksturnya perlu melewati beberapa uji coba sehingga mampu menghasilkan produk yang menyerupai aslinya. Pemodelan 3D candi cetho dengan procedural texture didapatkan prosentase Sebanyak 72 % Tidak mirip,20 % mirip, dan 6% sangat Tidak mirip sedangkan Untuk Model 3D candi cetho dengan files textures didapatkan prosentase Sebanyak 84 % mirip dan 16 % sangat mirip.
Rancang Bangun Aplikasi Manajemen Event Berbasis SMS Gateway pada BKKBN Kabupaten Madiun
Authors: Purwaningsih Emis Safitri
Published: November 2018

BKKBN adalah salah satu instansi pelayanan pada bidang KB. Selama ini untuk promosi dilakukan dengan penyebaran poster dan dilakukan kunjungan ke setiap rumah dengan waktu tertentu. Namun, hal ini dirasa kurang efektif dan menyebabkan jumlah karyawan yang diperbantukan ke kecamatan menjadi lebih banyak. Oleh karena itu penulis merancang dan membangun Aplikasi Manajemen Event Berbasis SMS Gateway pada BKKBN Kabupaten Madiun. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perancangan dan kelayakan Aplikasi Manajemen Event Berbasis SMS Gateway pada BKKBN Kabupaten Madiun. Penelitian dilakukan di BKKBN Kabupaten Madiun dengan jumlah karyawan yang bekerja di kantor berjumlah 20 karyawan. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode waterfall. Penelitian dilakukan dengan tahapan analisis kebutuhan, desain sistem, penulisan kode program, pengujian program dan penerapan program.Teknik analisa data yang digunakan untuk menguji kelayakan Aplikasi Manajemen Event Berbasis SMS Gateway dengan menggunakan lembar validitas, lembar angket respon dan lembar observasi. Prosentase yang dihasilkan pada lembar validitas 91% (sangat valid) dari koresponden sebanyak 4 ahli. Prosentase yang dihasilkan pada  angket respon 96% (sangat praktis) dari koresponden sebanyak 12 staff. Kenaikan prosentase pada hasil observasi sebesar 63,33% yang artinya dengan adanya aplikasi maka efektivitas pekerjaan semakin tinggi. Dari ketiga teknik analisa tersebut disimpulkan bahwa Aplikasi Manajemen Event Berbasis SMS Gateway pada BKKBN Kabupaten Madiun layak digunakan
Tunable Metal-Organic Frameworks Enable High Efficiency Cascaded Adsorption Heat Pumps
Authors: Rieth Adam , Wright Ashley M. , Rao Sameer , Kim Hyunho , LaPotin Alina , Wang Evelyn N. , Dinca Mircea
Published: November 2018

Rising global standards of living coupled with the recent agreement to eliminate

hydrofluorocarbon refrigerants are creating intense pressure to develop more sustainable climate

control systems. In this vein, the use of water as the refrigerant in adsorption heat pumps is highly

attractive, but such adsorption systems are constrained to large size and poor efficiency by the

characteristics of currently employed water sorbents. Here we demonstrate control of the relative

humidity of water uptake by modulating the pore size in a family of isoreticular triazolate metalorganic

frameworks. Using this method, we identify a pair of materials with stepped, nonoverlapping

water isotherms that can function in tandem to provide continuous cooling with a

record ideal coefficient of performance of 1.63. Additionally, when used in a single-stage heat

pump, the microporous Ni2Cl2BBTA has the largest working capacity of any material capable of

generating a 25 °C difference between ambient and chiller output.
Pengembangan Alat Bantu Material handling untuk Meminimasi Beban Kerja Operator Produksi Crank Case di PT.X
Authors: Theopilus Yansen , Jonathan William , Gustin Yusan
Published: November 2018

This research aims to evaluate the workload of production operators at PT. X and develop a product/tools that can minimize the workload of production operators in PT.X factory. PT.X is a motorcycle manufacture company that produces sport bike, duck bike, and scooter bike along with its components. One of the main components produced in PT. X is crankcase. Crankcase function as a house for motorcycle machine components such as generator, oil pumps, clutches, crankshaft, transmission gear, and lubricating oil. This research focuses on crankcase production because the crankcase production operators have the most complaints regarding workload compared to others.

The research begins by evaluating the workload of the operators on the initial working system. The evaluation data is collected by some method such as direct field observation, direct measurement, and interview with the operators. After that, the data is processed to evaluate the mental and physical workload of the operators using NIOSH, RULA, and NASA-TLX methods. The Evaluation results show that there are several operators that have an excessive workload, especially for the material handling work. This activity results Lifting Index value of more than 1, a RULA value of more than 5, and a NASA-TLX value greater than 80.

Based on the evaluation, this research developed a material handling tool in the form of workpiece basket lifting equipment using a combination of pneumatic and hydraulic principles that can minimize the workload of the crankcase production operator at PT. X. This tool can eliminate a bending movement which is the source of problem in the operator's workload. The result of the evaluation of this tool application shows that the use of the tool can produce a reasonable workload for all crankcase production operators at PT. X.
Pengukuran Kinerja Rantai Pasok Dengan Model Supply Chain Operations Reference (SCOR) dan Metode Perbandingan Berpasangan
Authors: Liputra David Try , Santoso Santoso , Susanto Nadya Ariella
Published: November 2018

The rapid development of the industrial world has resulted in increasingly tight competition among companies. This condition shows the importance of improving performance, not only in a company but also other parties in the related supply chain, in order to compete with other companies or supply chains. The good performance of a supply chain will certainly increase the customers satisfaction. Therefore, performance measurement needs to be carried out so that a supply chain can find out how well it currently performing is and keep improving it. This study will discuss about the application of the supply chain operations reference (SCOR) model and the pairwise comparison method for the supply chain performance measurement of a product packaging company 

Keywords: supply chain, performance measurement, SCOR, pairwise comparison
To the readers of JPE
Authors: Thomson James
Published: November 2018

Although still young, the Journal of Pollination Ecology has established itself as a successful and vital conduit for research results, methodological advances, and—to some extent—opinion pierces concerning the diverse field of pollination biology.  In a sense, it has been too successful, because the founding Editor-in-Chief, Carolin Mayer, has decided that she needs assistance in handling the increased volume of submissions and associated tasks.  After deliberating, the board members of JPE have opted to try a new arrangement.  I have accepted their invitation to join the effort as Editor-in-Chief, while Carolin’s title will switch to Managing Editor.   She will retain responsibility for the essential operation and production of the journal, while I will take on ultimate responsibility for evaluating submissions, finding reviewers, and establishing the content of the journal.  Of course, I will depend heavily on the Associate Editors in this effort.
Factors determining visual detection distance to real flowers by bumble bees
Authors: Ne'eman Gidi , Ne'eman Rina
Published: November 2018

Plants use visual signals to attract pollinators and direct them to their flowers. Visual capabilities of bees have been extensively studied mostly using artificial paper models. However, there is no empirical determination of the maximal detection distance (MDD) or minimal subtended visual angle (MSVA) of real flowers. Using a six armed radial maze, we tested MDD and MSVA of 12 types of natural and manipulated real flowers by bumble bee (Bombus terrestris) workers. Bees were initially trained to obtain sugar solution at target flowers that were presented at close range on a mobile divider at the back of one of the six arms. Bees were individually marked and tested. For bees that passed the short range test, we gradually increased the distance of the target flower, until the number of successful choices reached chance level, indicating that they could not see the target flowers. The results show that MSVA of flowers is correlated with flower diameter but not with MDD. The variation in MDD to natural flowers by bumble bee workers can be best predicted by: MDD = flower coloured area / (contour line * green contrast). Contour line length determines flower dissectedness. Full circular flowers can be detected from longer distance than dissected flowers with identical diameter. We hypothesize that dissected flower shapes might be compensated by their higher attractiveness for bees. Empirical determination of real flower MDD and MSVA is important for studying bee foraging behaviour, pollinator induced evolution of flower traits and validation of neurophysiological visual models.
Quantifying pollen deposition with macro photography and 'stigmagraphs'
Authors: MacInnis Gail , Forrest Jessica
Published: November 2018

The pollen deposited during a single visit by a flower visitor (“single-visit deposition”; SVD) is often measured by removing the stigma from the flower and counting the pollen grains deposited under a microscope. This process precludes study of any subsequent interactions between the flower and later visitors (such as pollen removal from the stigma). Furthermore, if the stigma is excised too soon after the pollinator visit, the flower may be rendered infertile, such that any analyses of fruit or seed yield in relation to pollen deposition must be done indirectly. Here, a method of pollen deposition measurement was developed using macro photography and the open-source image-analysis software program ImageJ/Fiji. Using colour segmentation options within the program, the pollen grains can be distinguished from the background stigmatic surface, and the percentage of stigma coverage can be calculated. This pollen deposition measurement method leaves the sampled flower in the field to develop into fruit, allowing any subsequent yield or quality analyses to be conducted directly.
Integral method of solving heat-conduction problems with boundary condition of the second-kind. 2. Analysis of accuracy
Authors: Kot V. A.
Published: November 2018

An algorithm of finding polynomial solutions of boundary-value problems on nonstationary heat conduction with a time-dependent boundary condition of the secondary kind for bodies having a plane geometry, a cylindrical symmetry, or a spherical symmetry is presented. Thе algorithm is based on the introduction into consideration of the boundary characteristics in the form of a definite set of k-fold derivatives and n-fold integrals with respect to the time function of the heat flow on the surface of a body representing a boundary condition. Two stages of the heat-conduction process were considered separately: 1) the temperature front does not reach the center of a body and 2) the temperature front reaches the center of the body, and it is heated throughout its thickness. By the example of symmetric heating of a lengthy plate with a constant and variable heat flows, a very high accuracy of the proposed approach based on the integral method of boundary characteristics (BChIM) was demonstrated. As compared to the method of additional boundary characteristics, the BChIM makes it possible to de crease the relative approximation error (at one and the same polynomial degrees N) by  three to five orders of magnitude and by larger values and brings it to a negligibly low level (0.00028 %  at N = 11 and 0.000025 % at N = 14). It was established that, with each next approximation (with addition of three degrees into the polynomial), the approximation error decreases by an order of magnitude for the first stage of the process. An efficient algorithm of finding the eigenvalues of a boundary-value problem on heat conduction, based on the introduction into consideration of an additional function corresponding to the largest, in sequence order, boundary integral characteristic, is prtsented for the second stage of the process. Thе algorithm makes it possible to transform the integro-differential equation obtained on the basis of the BChIM into the ordinary differential equation with zero initial conditions. The calculations of the temperature at the center of the plate have shown that the approximation accuracy of the approach proposed is very high.
KARAKTER MORFOMETRIK DAN ASOSIASI TUNA SIRIP KUNING Thunnus albacares DAN TUNA BAMBULO Gymnosarda unicolor (Ruppell) DI PERAIRAN SIMEULUE, PROVINSI ACEH
Authors: Burhanis Burhanis , Bengen Dietriech Geoffrey , Baskoro Mulyono Sumitro
Published: November 2018

Pulau Simeulue yang dikelilingi oleh terumbu tepi, secara geografis termasuk ke dalam wilayah Kabupaten Simeulue yang berbatasan langsung dengan Samudera Hindia. Tuna sirip kuning Thunnus albacares dan tuna bambulo Gymnosarda unicolor merupakan jenis epipelagik yang potensial di perairan Simeulue. Kedua jenis tuna ini belum banyak dipelajari karakter bio-ekologinya. Penelitian ini penting dilakukan untuk mengetahui karakter morfometrik dan mengkaji asosiasi spesifik tuna di perairan Simeulue. Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan Februari 2017, dengan metode pengamatan dan pengukuran langsung tuna hasil tangkapan nelayan yang menggunakan alat tangkap pancing ulur, dan selanjutnya dianalisis dengan menggunakan analisis komponen utama (principal component analysis) dan analisis cluster. Hasil tangkapan tuna sirip kuning sebanyak 85 ekor dengan kelas ukuran 35-105 cm dan sebanyak 189 ekor tuna bambulo dengan kelas ukuran 40-110 cm. Karakter morfometrik tuna sirip kuning dan tuna bambulo yang didominasi ukuran besar terdapat di stasiun Teupah Selatan, dan dominasi ukuran kecil di stasiun Simeulue Timur. Asosiasi spesifik tuna sirip kuning dan tuna bambulo pada tingkat similaritas 80,0% membentuk 3 (tiga) kelompok.
DINAMIKA POPULASI KERANG POKEA Batissa violacea var. celebensis VON MARTENS 1897 DI MUARA SUNGAI LASOLO SULAWESI TENGGARA
Authors: Bahtiar . , Anadi La , Nurgayah Wa , Emiyarti .
Published: November 2018

Pokea merupakan jenis kerang bernilai ekonomis yang dieksploitasi nelayan Sulawesi Tenggara.  Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dinamika populasi kerang pokea di muara Sungai Lasolo Sulawesi Tenggara. Sampel kerang pokea dikumpulkan secara periodik setiap bulan selama setahun (Januari-Desember 2014) di muara Sungai Lasolo Sulawesi Tenggara. Sampel kerang dikumpulkan secara acak berdasarkan luas sapuan alat tangkap tradisional (tangge). Kepadatan kerang berdasarkan ukuran dan waktu pengamatan diuji dengan U-Mann Whitney sedangkan kepadatan terhadap produksi dan biomassa masing-masing dianalisis menggunakan regresi linear sederhana. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kerang pokea ditemukan dari ukuran 0,15-1,67 cm sampai 7,57-8,09 cm, dengan kepadatan berkisar 173-569 ind/m2. Kepadatan tinggi ditemukan dari ukuran 1,74-2,26 cm sampai 2,80-3,32 cm, yang berbeda nyata dengan kelas ukuran lain, sedangkan kepadatan kerang tidak berbeda nyata di setiap waktu pengamatan. Produksi somatik individu tertinggi ditemukan pada ukuran 5,45-5,97 cm (3,02gMKBC/m2/thn) sedangkan produksi populasi tahunan terbesar terdapat pada ukuran 2,80-3,32 cm sebesar 160,87 g MKBC/m2/thn. Biomassa pokea berkisar 0,0002-20,07 gMKBC/m2 dengan biomassa terbesar terdapat pada ukuran 2,80-3,32 sebesar 20,069 gMKBC/m2. Kemampuan pulih (P/B) pokea sebesar 8,01/thn.
УДОСКОНАЛЕННЯ ПЕРЕТВОРЮВАЛЬНОГО АГРЕГАТУ СИСТЕМИ ЕЛЕКТРОЖИВЛЕННЯ З ФОТОЕЛЕКТРИЧНОЮ СОНЯЧНОЮ БАТАРЕЄЮ
Authors: Шавьолкін О. О.
Published: November 2018

Improving of the converter unit for the power supply system with a photovoltaic solar battery by reducing power losses and eliminating transient components of the current when the operating mode changes. Synthesis of structure of the converter control system based on the analysis of processes in electrical circuits taking into account voltage changes, energy losses in semiconductor switches and using computer simulation. The possibility of reducing energy losses in the keys of the converter unit and improving the harmonic composition of the output current of the grid inverter has been substantiated; the structure of the converter control system has been developed with voltage regulation at the input of the grid inverter and switching from work in parallel with the grid to the autonomous mode and vice versa; a computer model of the system “converter unit with solar battery, grid and load” with a unit for determining energy losses in keys of circuit  was developed. Improved: the structure of the control system of the converter unit with voltage regulation in the DC link; the structure of the generator with the combination of the function of phase-locked loop. The dependence of the voltage value at the input of the grid inverter is obtained according to the grid voltage, provided that the current quality is maintained at the grid connection point.