bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
REKONSTRUSI PANDANGAN HUKUM ULAMA MAZHAB TENTANG PEMINDAHAN ZAKAT
Authors: Cholidi Cholidi , Zuraidah Zuraidah
Published: September 2023

Dengan keuniversalannya ajaran Islam diyakini dan sudah terbukti mampu mampu menjangkau seluruh manusia dengan beragam suku dan beraneka bangsa selama menghuni belahan bumi ini. Tidak ada penduduk bumi ini --di sudut manapun dia berdomisili dan kapanpun masanya-- yang keberadaannya ditolak oleh Agama Islam. Semua manusia di muka bumi ini diundang untuk menganut Agama Islam. Bahkan semua warga bumi --apapun jenisnya, benda mati atau benda hidup-- dijamin akan mendapat pelayanan, pengayoman, dan perlindungan dari Agama Islam. Karakter ini ditunjuk langsung dengan jelas oleh firman suci dalam al Qur`an surat al Anbiyaa' (21) ayat ke 107 dan surat Saba` (34) ayat ke 28): [1] Sementara itu, surat al An’am (6) ayat ke 38 menyebutkan bahwa ajaran Islam telah membuktikan kekomprehensifannya. Islam mampu memberi arah, memberikan bimbingan kepada segenap pemeluknya dalam berbagai lini kehidupan. Tentu dengan syarat bahwa kehidupan yang dimaksud adalah kehidupan yang diartikan sebagai pengabdian kepada Allah SWT yang sekaligus sebagai pelayanan antar sesama makhluk warga bumi.[2]
 
[1] Surat al Anbiyaa' (21) ayat ke 107 dan Ayat srat Saba` (34) ayat ke 28:
وَمَا أَرْسَلْنَاكَ إِلَّا رَحْمَةً لِّلْعَالَمِينَ
Alih bahasa: Dan tiadalah Kami mengutus kamu, melainkan untuk (menjadi) rahmat bagi semesta alam [21:107].
وَمَا أَرْسَلْنَاكَ إِلَّا كَافَّةً لِّلنَّاسِ بَشِيراً وَنَذِيراً وَلَكِنَّ أَكْثَرَ النَّاسِ لَا يَعْلَمُونَ
Alih bahasa: Dan Kami tidak mengutus kamu, melainkan kepada umat manusia seluruhnya sebagai pembawa berita gembira dan sebagai pemberi peringatan, tetapi kebanyakan manusia tiada mengetahui [34:28].
Surat al An’am (6) ayat ke 38:
... مَّا فَرَّطْنَا فِي الكِتَابِ مِن شَيْءٍ ثُمَّ إِلَى رَبِّهِمْ يُحْشَرُونَ
Alih bahasa: …Tiadalah Kami alpakan sesuatupun dalam Al-Kitab, kemudian kepada Tuhanlah mereka dihimpunkan [6:38].
PENETAPAN UPAH KARYAWAN BERDASARKAN BESARNYA LABA PENJUALAN
Authors: Sonia Tara , Atika Atika , Napisah Napisah
Published: September 2023

ABSTRAK
 
Hasil penelitian menyimpulkan bahwa (1) Perjanjian penetapan upah karyawan berdasarkan besarnya laba penjualan di Toko Herbal Uncle Udin Palembang adalah dikaitkan dengan Undang-Undang Nomor 11 Tahun 2020 tentang Cipta Kerja yang diatur di dalam Pasal 81 angka 28 yang memuat baru Pasal 90B Undang-Undang Nomor 13 Tahun 2003 bahwa pemilik kerja termasuk ke dalam pengecualian bagi pengusaha yang menerapkan ketentuan upah minimum dalam membayar upah karyawannya. Karena Toko Herbal Uncle Udin Palembang termasuk ke dalam usaha mikro dan kecil yang mana di dalam Undang-Undang tersebut memberikan pengecualian di dalam membayar upah karyawan berdasarkan ketentuan upah minimum. Maka upah karyawan pada usaha mikro dan kecil dapat dibayarkan berdasarkan kesepakatan antara pengusaha dan pekerja di perusahaan. (2) Dalam tinjauan Hukum Ekonomi Syari’ah bahwasanya Toko Herbal Uncle Udin Palembang telah sesuai dengan rukun dan syarat ujrah dan diperbolehkan bagi pemilik toko menetapkan upah karyawan berdasarkan besarnya laba penjualan karena telah sesuai berdasarkan prinsip keadilan, prinsip keterbukaan dan prinsip kemaslahatan. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian lapangan atau (Field Research) dengan menggunakan Social Situation sebagai populasi penelitian dan teknik sampling dengan cara probability sampling
Kata Kunci : Perjanjian, Penetapan Upah, Laba Penjualan
“Bir ÇEMATEM kliniğinde yatarak tedavi gören hastaların klinik özellikleri: İzmir örneklemi”
Authors: ÖNEN Özlem , SARGIN Enis , KAHRAMAN Fevzi Burak
Published: September 2023

Amaç: Madde bağımlığı çocuk ve ergenlerde giderek artan bir halk sağlığı sorunudur. Bu çalışmada amaç, bir Çocuk Ergen Madde Bağımlığı Tedavi Merkezi’nde, 2 yıllık süreçte yatarak tedavi gören çocuk ve ergenlerin klinik verilerini inceleyerek, bu alandaki bilgilerimizi arttırmaktır.
Gereç ve Yöntem: 2019-2020 yıllarında İzmir Çocuk Ergen Alkol ve Madde Bağımlılığı Tedavi Merkezi’nde yatarak tedavi gören hasta dosyaları geriye dönük tarandı. İstatistiksel analizler SPSS 20.0 programı kullanılarak elde edildi.
Bulgular: Toplam 190 olgunun 95’i kız ve 95’i erkekti ve yaş ortalamaları 16,32 ± 1,02; maddeye başlangıç yaş ortalaması 13,06 ± 1,66 idi ve %84,2’si okulu bırakmıştı. Olguların %76,3’ünün ilk kez yatarak tedavi gördüğü, yatış süresi ortalamasının 26,13 ± 20,14 gün olduğu, ailede madde kullanım oranının %31,1 ve olgularda çoklu madde kullanım oranının %96,8 olduğu, %63,2’sinin aile yanında yaşadığı belirlendi. En sık kullanılan maddeler uyarıcılar (%91), kannabis (%88,9) ve alkol (%82,6) idi. İlk kullanılan maddeler ise kannabis, uyarıcılar, uçucular ve alkoldü. Olguların %41,1’i kural ihlali ile taburcu olmuştu. Taburculuk sonrası kontrol muayene sıklığı %73,2 olguda yılda üç kereden azdı. Taburculuk sonrası ilk üç ayda relaps oranı %36,7 idi. Yatarak tedavi öncesi öykülerinde olguların %66,8’inde adli, %11,1’inde cezaevi, %23,2’sinde denetimli serbestlik öyküsü ve %72,6’sında intihar girişimi olduğu belirlendi. Olguların %50’si geçmişte fiziksel istismar, %27,9’u cinsel istismar tanımladı. Kız olgularda erkeklere göre intihar girişimi, fiziksel istismar ve cinsel istismar daha fazla idi. Erkeklerde ve ilk yatışı olanlarda en sık kullanılan madde uçuculardı.
Sonuç: Madde bağımlılığı çocuk ve ergenlerde görülen önemli ruh sağlığı sorunlarından biridir. Klinik çalışmalarda elde edilen bulgular, koruyucu ruh sağlığı politikaları oluşturmanın önemli olacağını göstermektedir.
Drug-induced arterial hypertension in a patient with ischemic stroke
Authors: Ramazanov G. R. , Shevchenko E. V. , Muslimov R. Sh. , Aliev I. S.
Published: September 2023

Progressive ischemic stroke is the most frequent form of stroke with neurologic deterioration. The pathogenesis of progressive ischemic stroke is based on the expansion of the brain infarction zone and reduction of the "penumbra" zone in the area of focal ischemia. The leading role in maintaining the balance between irreversible and reversible ischemia belongs to cerebral collateral blood flow. Being a multifactorial phenomenon, collateral blood flow is caused by both morphological and functional characteristics of the collateral arterial channel and systemic factors, among which hemodynamics is of great importance. The tactic of purposeful increase in blood pressure to improve cerebral perfusion is called drug-induced arterial hypertension. A number of experimental studies have demonstrated the safety and efficacy of this method, but the small number and heterogeneity of data in the studies do not allow us to conduct a meta-analysis and form an optimal protocol for drug-induced arterial hypertension. In this article we want to describe the clinical observation of a patient with ischemic stroke on the background of critical stenosis of stroke-related internal carotid artery and atrial fibrillation, in the treatment of which we applied drug-induced arterial hypertension.
Pharmacoepidemiological analysis of therapy for chronic heart failure
Authors: Monakhova D. D. , Shchegoleva V. A. , Spiridonova T. I.
Published: September 2023

The aim of the study was to examine the schemes proposed in the clinical guidelines and to compare them with inpatient treatment methods.

Materials and method, the case histories of 40 patients of cardiology department of Saratov medical preventive institution were analyzed. Men and women, aged from 50 to 80 years, with functional class (FC) II to IV, with reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (< 40 %) and with such diseases in anamnesis as arterial hypertension, coronary heart disease, atherosclerosis, diabetes mellitus were in the inclusion group. The exclusion group included patients with noncardiac diseases, pediatric patients, patients under 50 and over 80 years old, patients with I class, preserved and intermediate LV ejection fraction (> 40 %). The results of immunochromatographic analysis of NT-proBNP marker were studied, the identity of prescribed drugs to a certain group and their frequency of use, as well as the similarity of prescribed regimen to clinical guidelines were determined.

Results. NT-proBNP level over 125 pg/ml was revealed in 21 out of 40 patients, arterial hypertension, atherosclerosis, ischemic heart disease were in the anamnesis testifying to high probability of CHF. Perindopril (80 %) and fosinopril (20 %) were the main angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs). Spironolactone (a К + -saving diuretic), thorasemide, furosemide (a loop diuretic) and indapamide (a thiazide-like diuretic) were used as diuretics. Among blockers, metoprolol (20 %), nebivolol (30 %), bisoprolol (50 %) were prescribed. Patients suffering from CHF and with a history of atherosclerosis were prescribed statins (rosuvastatin, atorvastatin) in addition to the main groups of drugs in all cases. Warfarin (9.5 %) and rivaroxaban (23.8 %) were present in 7 of 21 cases (33 %). In addition, 17 patients (81 %) were prescribed acetylsalicylic acid as an antiaggregant. Those with a history of diabetes mellitus (19 %) received metformin for glycaemic control, as an adjunctive therapy to the main combinations of drugs.

Conclusions. The inpatient regimen used to treat patients with CHF is more in line with the clinical guidelines.
Coronary artery transplantation operations (review)
Authors: Morozov A. M. , Sergeev A. N. , Askerov E. M. , Kadykov V. A. , Alieva T. S. , Fisyuk E. A.
Published: September 2023

Relevance. Coronary artery transplantation operations are an effective method for the treatment of developmental anomalies and pathologies of the coronary arteries, which lead to a cascade of negative consequences. Pathologically altered coronary arteries cannot fully function normally and this condition leads to myocardial ischemia. Ischemic heart disease (CHD) is a chronic inflammatory disease that quickly leads to functional disorders in the body. CHD is mainly caused by atherosclerosis of the arteries and is the leading cause of death in most developed countries.

The purpose of study. To study the operational possibilities of coronary artery transplantation.

Materials and methods. In the course of this study, a review of foreign literature on the problem of surgical interventions on the coronary arteries was carried out, in addition, data from randomized controlled trials and controlled clinical trials were analyzed, which reported on various approaches to the treatment of pathologies of the heart vessels.

Results. Coronary artery bypass grafting is most often performed in coronary heart disease caused by a sharp narrowing or occlusion of the lumen of the coronary artery. Coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) is a major surgical operation, which consists in restoring blood circulation bypassing the stenotic area of the coronary artery using venous or arterial bypasses (grafts). At the same time, blood flow to the ischemic myocardium is restored, which leads to the restoration of the function and viability of the heart muscle. Coronary artery bypass grafting, as mentioned above, is a frequently performed surgical intervention, with almost 400,000 CABG surgeries performed annually, which proves its effectiveness in the treatment of coronary artery disease.

Conclusion. This study proves the importance of coronary artery transplantation in the treatment of pathologies and anomalies of the arteries of the heart. There are several types of surgical interventions, and therefore it is necessary to approach each individual case individually and find the optimal solution. An important role in preventing postoperative complications and sudden cardiac arrest is played by careful preoperative diagnostics, including coronary angiography, echocardiography, computed tomography, and other methods. With careful preoperative diagnosis, a well-chosen operation strategy and postoperative prevention, it is possible to avoid repeated cardiac revascularization and achieve complete recovery of the patient with no complications for decades.
The possibilities of machine learning in determining the variants of the course of viral pneumonia associated with COVID-19 based on computed tomography data
Authors: Skorobogach I. M. , Khamidova L. T. , Muslimov R. S. , Rybalko N. V. , Petrikov S. S.
Published: September 2023

Introduction. In acute COVID-19 respiratory infection caused by SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus (2019-nCov), lung damage has a different course, which has not been studied so far. The purpose of the study. To study the variants of the course of COVID-19 viral pneumonia (VP) based on the analysis of the dynamics of lung damage, quantified by computed tomography.

Material and methods. Quantitative analysis of computed tomography (CT) data of the chest of 144 patients with VP was performed using the 3D Slicer software application. Cluster and comparative nonparametric analyses of the severity of lung damage (CT1, CT2, СТЗ, CT4) and the total volume of affected lungs (%) obtained during primary and two repeated CT studies (pCT, 1dCT and 2dCT) in the program "Statistica 12" were carried out.

Results. With a stable course, the total volume of the affected lungs is constant, within one degree of severity: CT1 - in 23.6 %, CT2 - in 14.6 %, CT3 - in 5.6 %, CT4 - in 8.3 %. With a progressive course, the volume of lung damage gradually increases from minimum to maximum CT1-CT2-CT3 in 3.5 %, or increases to the maximum level on the second CT, remaining stable on the third study (CT2-CT3-CT3) - in 4.2 %. With a regredient course, the volume of lung damage varies from the maximum at the primary examination (pCT) to the minimum at the third (2dCT): gradually from CT4 through CT3 to CT2 in 4.2 %, or by one degree of severity CT3-CT2-CT2 in 9.7 %, CT3-CT3-CT2 in 9.0 %. With a progressive-regredient course, the volume of lung damage first reaches a maximum on 1dCT, a minimum on 2dCT - CT2-CT3-CT2 - in 17.4 %. An intragroup comparison of three repeated, dependent indicators of the total volume of the affected lungs and an intergroup comparison on pCT, 1dCT and 2dCT showed a dynamic statistically significant difference between them for variants of the course of VP (p < 0.05).

Conclusions. Cluster analysis of the total volume of affected lungs on a series of three CT studies in dynamics allowed us to identify 5 variants of the course of COVID-19 - stable - light, stable-severe, progressive, regredient, progressive-regredient.
Relação solo-ambiente em área degradada por voçoroca no Triângulo Mineiro, Minas Gerais
Authors: Corrêa Guilherme Resende , Rosa Gabriel Palucci , Campos Maria Lúcia Furtado Coelho , Bernardes Gabriel Miranda Paranaiba , Santos Flávia  Monize Ferreira dos , Koch Viviane Arantes , Nascimento Diogo Costa
Published: September 2023

A degradação dos solos representa um risco atual e futuro de comprometimento de serviços ecossistêmicos. Este trabalho tem como objetivo caracterizar os atributos do solo de uma área degradada e fragmentos conservados de Cerrado no Triângulo Mineiro-MG. Para tanto, houve avaliação multitemporal de uma voçoroca por meio de fotogrametria em SIG; realizou-se trabalhos de campos com coletas em 39 pontos amostrais e descrição de 5 perfis de solo, em ambientes previamente estratificados da voçoroca; em laboratório, procedeu-se a determinação de atributos físicos, químicos e de matéria orgânica do solo e; análises estatísticas foram conduzidas. Ao longo do tempo, foi estimada uma evolução da degradação do solo de 62% na área, com avanço de 499,5 m²/ano no período de erosão mais acelerada (1964-1979) para 96,9 m²/ano (2005-2020). A ACP evidencia o ambiente de Mata como o de maior fertilidade, com vetores de matéria orgânica, soma de bases e macro e micronutrientes relacionados; testes estatísticos indicam variações entre as frações granulométricas de ambientes conservados e áreas degradadas e igualdade da matéria orgânica no Cerradão e Mata em detrimento da voçoroca. O manejo da matéria orgânica, visando sua incorporação e aumento no solo, deve ser privilegiado em projetos de restauração ambiental.
Single-phase grounding line selection method for closed-loop distribution network adapted to medium voltage microgrid access
Authors: Lu Qinghui , Yin Xiang-Gen , Qiao Jian , Liu Zhichang , Zhu Lingjin , Yin Xin
Published: September 2023

Aim: The access of the medium-voltage (MV) microgrid changes the radial structure of traditional distribution networks, causing the distribution network to operate in a closed-loop manner. The closed-loop operation complicates the fault characteristics of the distribution network, and the traditional single-phase grounding (SPG) line selection method is no longer applicable. Therefore, it is necessary to propose a new targeted SPG line selection method.

Methods: This paper analyzes the network structure of MV microgrids and MV distribution networks and establishes a multi-level closed-loop operation distribution network model with MV microgrid access. Then, the SPG fault characteristics of the closed-loop operation distribution system under the small current grounding mode are analyzed from the perspective of two-level bus nodes. Furthermore, based on the analysis of fault characteristics, a closed-loop operation distribution network line selection method suitable for microgrid access is proposed, and a detailed design is carried out in terms of equipment configuration and communication schemes, forming a relatively complete automatic line selection system. At the same time, the proposed line selection scheme is based on the two-level bus nodes, which can be analogously applied to the multi-level closed-loop operation distribution network.

Results: The simulation results show that the proposed line selection scheme can be effectively applied to the closed-loop operation distribution network with MV microgrid access.

Conclusion: The traditional SPG line selection method will have misjudgment problems after the MV microgrid is integrated into the distribution network, but the line selection method proposed in this paper has good adaptability.
Lipid and protein oxidation in Cyprinus carpio muscle by environmentally relevant concentrations of glibenclamide
Authors: Martínez-Viveros Ericka María Guadalupe , Dublán-García Octavio , Saucedo-Vence Karinne , Morachis-Valdez Ana Gabriela , Cira-Chávez Luis Alberto , Gómez-Oliván Leobardo Manuel
Published: September 2023

Diabetes mellitus (DM2) was considered a more common comorbidity and was associated with high mortality due to metabolic disease in the COVID-19 pandemic. For this reason, glibenclamide (GLI) was commonly prescribed for its control. However, it has been found in environmentally relevant concentrations in various water reservoirs due to its high consumption. Common carp (Cyprinus carpio ), besides its nutritional properties and economic importance, is also considered a good bioindicator for assessing environmental health and pollutants presence; nonetheless, there are currently insufficient studies on the effect of GLI on the physicochemical and textural properties of the muscle of this bioindicator species. In this study, the effect of this drug at two environmentally relevant concentrations (50 and 1,000 ng/L) at five exposure times (every 24 up to 96 h) on the quality of carp muscle was investigated. Parameters such as carbonylated proteins, lipid peroxidation, total sulfhydryl content, water holding capacity, pH, electrophoretic profile, and texture profile analysis were determined. Regardless of the concentration of GLI used, the evaluated parameters showed significant muscle damage; therefore, it must be emphasized that this emerging pollutant not only damages environment, but also affects edible species present in different water reservoirs.
Performance of light weight ferrocement composite walls
Authors: Shaheen Yousry Bauomy I. , Etman Zeinab Abd El khaleq , Kandil Doha Elmetwally Abdelmonem
Published: September 2023

The aim of this research is to examine the performance of reinforced lightweight ferrocement walls under vertical and horizontal loading. The walls were made up of two thin layers of ferrocement reinforced with one, two, three, or four layers of welded wire mesh or expanded steel mesh. The panels’ core was constructed of lightweight extruded foam. An experimental program of thirteen lightweight walls with total dimensions of 100x650x1250 mm was casted to achieve this goal and tested until failure. ABAQUS finite-element package was conducted. The parameters in this study were the kind of reinforcement; welded and expanded wire meshes, the steel bars, and. the number of layers of steel mesh. Ultimate load, mode of failure, initial cracking load, service load, energy absorption, and ductility ratio were calculated and observation to evaluate the findings. The findings displayed that the performance of the ferrocement walls reinforced with expanded wire meshes is better than that of the walls reinforced with welded wire meshes. The energy absorbed increased by 40 % for specimens reinforced with expanded wire meshes is more than that of the walls reinforced with welded wire a good agreement was observed among the theoretical and experimental observations. This paper highlights uses of employing light weight ferrocement units in building of economic housing, which is particularly valuable for both developed and developing nations, with significant frugal benefits.
Potential improvement of clinker sand in the mechanical high temperature and transport properties with GGBS-based prepacked geopolymer composite
Authors: Alcan Haluk Görkem , Aksu Alcan Bilge , Bayrak Barış , Aydın Abdulkadir Cüneyt
Published: September 2023

In this study, a new generation prepacked geopolymer composite (PGC) material that can meet different needs was obtained by combining geopolymer concrete (GPC) and prepacked aggregate concrete (PAC) technology. In the production of PGC, 5-8 mm quartz aggregates were placed in molds and, geopolymer mortar was injected between these aggregates. Aluminosilicate based blast furnace slag (GBFS) was used as binding in geopolymer mortars; sodium silicate (Na2SiO3) and sodium hydroxide (NaOH) was used as alkali activator. In addition, clinker aggregate in different proportions was used as fine aggregate (0–4 mm) in the production of mortar. Within the scope of the study, the physical, mechanical, permeability and high temperature resistance properties of PGC were investigated. The produced samples were cured at 30 and 60 °C for 6 and 8 hours. Hardened unit weights of PGC vary between 2342 and 2539 kg/m3, and sorptivity values vary between 0 and 0.04 kg/m2.min0.5. While the increase in curing temperature and curing time increases the hardened unit weight values, it decreased permeability values. While the increase of clinker aggregate in the mortar phase does not change the hardened unit weight, it significantly reduced permeability. When the PGC samples are cured at 30 °C, the compressive strengths are 20.38–39.03 MPa; when curing at 60 °C, the compressive strengths are 35.21–57.04 MPa. Flexural strengths, 2.35–6.96 MPa with 30 °C cure, achieved 4.27–9.93 MPa results with 60 °C curing. Increasing the curing time and curing temperature significantly increased the compressive and flexural strengths. The increase in the amount of clinker aggregate added to the mortar phase decreased the strength values. While the compressive strength values of PGC mixtures do not fall below 15 MPa after being exposed to 300 °C high temperature; after the application of 600 °C high temperature, it lost up to 70% of its strength. Increasing the curing time and curing temperature, increased the high temperature resistance. The increase in the amount of clinker aggregate in the mixtures, decreased the strength loss rate.
Respon Tanaman Pakcoy (Brassica Rapa L.) Terhadap Pemberian Kompos Limbah Ekstraksi Minyak Atsiri Pada Tanah Ultisol
Authors: Noorhidayah Ratri , Sari Sinthia Ringga , Maryanto Joko , Widyasunu Purwandaru
Published: September 2023

Penelitian ini dilaksanakan untuk: 1) mengetahui pengaruh pemberian kompos yang berasal dari limbah ekstraksi minyak atsiri terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman pakcoy pada Ultisol, 2) mengetahui lama waktu inkubasi pupuk yang tepat untuk pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman pakcoy, dan mengetahui jenis kompos dari jenis limbah minyak atsiri yang paling baik untuk pertumbuhan tanaman pakcoy pada Ultisol. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan Januari sampai dengan April 2020 di screen house yang bertempat di Dusun II, Kebanggan, Kecamatan Sumbang, Kabupaten Banyumas dan Laboratorium Ilmu Tanah, Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Jenderal Soedirman. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan yaitu Rancangan Acak Kelompok Lengkap (RAKL) pola faktorial dengan 2 faktor, yaitu dengan faktor pupuk kompos limbah ekstraksi minyak atsiri yang terdiri dari kontrol (tanpa pemberian pupuk), pupuk kompos dari limbah ekstraksi biji kakao, tanaman kemukus, akar tanaman akar wangi, biji tanaman kopi, rimpang tanaman jahe, dan endapan IPAL (Instalasi Pengolahan Air Limbah). Faktor yang kedua yaitu lama inkubasi kompos yang terdiri dari 4 dan 8 minggu. Variabel yang diamati yaitu tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, luas daun, bobot tanaman segar, bobot akar segar, dan bobot tanaman kering. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pemberian pupuk kompos ekstraksi limbah minyak atsiri dari tanaman kakao memberikan hasil tertinggi pada variabel tinggi tanaman (21 cm), jumlah daun (14,50 helai), luas daun (1425 cm2), bobot tanaman segar (73,35 g), bobot segar akar (7,03 g) dan bobot tanaman kering (5,05 g). Perlakuan inkubasi selama 4 minggu memberikan hasil yang tertinggi pada variabel tinggi tanaman (17,83 cm) dan jumlah daun (12,52 helai). Perlakuan lama waktu inkubasi dengan waktu 8 minggu menghasilkan nilai tertinggi pada variabel luas daun (900,35 cm2), bobot tanaman segar (42,96 g), bobot tanaman kering (4,97) dan bobot tanaman kering (3,24 g.  pemberian pupuk organik limbah ekstraksi minyak atsiri dan lama inkubasi pada variabel tinggi tanaman, memberikan pengaruh yang nyata terhadap bobot tanaman segar dan bobot tanaman kering. Sedangkan untuk variabel jumlah daun, luas dau dan bobot segar agar tidak terdapat interaksi dari pemberian pupuk organik limbah ekstraksi minyak atsiri dan lama inkubasi pupuk.
Robotic Cholecystectomy Advantages and Disadvantages, A Literature Review
Authors: ALKHATIB OMAR , Snodin Chales , Dunne Declan
Published: September 2023

Robotic surgery is a rapidly developing and evolving surgical technique. This literature review evaluates the advantages and disadvantages in the context of gallbladder disease comparing robotic Cholecystectomy to the well-established laparoscopic Cholecystectomy. Significant advantages are reduced operative blood loss, hospital stays and post operative pain, alongside increased patient satisfaction and improved visualization and precision compared to the laparoscopic approach. Disadvantages include lack of tactile feedback, significant cost attributed to equipment, training requirements and increased procedural time due to the set-up sequences. The implementation of robotic surgery also poses significant changes for the training of future surgeons. Whilst it can standardize training and increases opportunity for simulation, the concern is the loss of traditional skills. Currently the evidence base remains mixed however the use of robotics in the right setting, with suitably trained operatives and appropriate patients can enable improved outcomes for patients with gallbladder disease. There is a lot of scope for development including the implementation of tactile feedback to aid operative technique and artificial intelligence to aid patient safety. Likely broadening the use and potential benefit of robotic surgery not only for cholecystectomy but many surgical specialties.
Categorical Join and Generating Families in Diffeological Spaces
Authors: Macías -Virgós Enrique , Mehrabi Reihaneh
Published: September 2023

We prove that a diffeological space is diffeomorphic to the categorical join of any generating family of plots.
Study on Extraction Method of Track Edge Acoustic Feature Based on Cyclic Stationary Analysis
Authors: Zhao Xing , Lu Yiming , Chang Baoxian , Chen Liqun
Published: September 2023

Due to the non-contact measurement characteristics of trackside acoustic technology, it is now utilized for train bearing fault diagnosis. However, the relative motion between the train and the trackside acoustic detection device introduces Doppler aberration in the collected acoustic signal, which affects bearing fault diagnosis. Moreover, when a fault occurs in the train bearing, its acoustic signal exhibits cyclic smoothness characteristics that can be effectively analyzed using the cyclic smoothness method for more accurate judgment. In order to minimize diagnostic errors and enhance accuracy in bearing fault diagnosis, this study integrates bearing fault characteristics with Doppler aberration correction methods and cyclic smoothness techniques for current-stage bearings diagnostics. The overall time-domain graph becomes more compact with an approximately 50% increase in amplitude after correction compared to pre-correction values; other parameters experience enhancements ranging from 20-60%. These results validate the feasibility of our proposed approach and establish a framework for conducting bearing fault diagnosis based on cyclically smoothed Doppler aberration correction.
Fully Automated Production of [68Ga]FAPI-46 with Gallium-68 from Cyclotron Using Liquid Targets
Authors: Fonseca Alexandra I. , Alves Vitor H. , Hrynchak Ivanna , Alves Francisco , Abrunhosa Antero J.
Published: September 2023

68Ga-based radiopharmaceuticals are routinely used for PET imaging of multiple types of tumors tumours. Gallium-68 is commonly obtained from 68Ge/68Ga generators, which are limited in the quantity of activity produced. Alternatively, gallium-68 can easily be produced on a cyclotron using liquid targets. In this study we optimized the GMP production of [68Ga]GaFAPI-46 using gallium-68 produced from a standard medical cyclotron using liquid targets. Starting from the published synthesis and quality control procedures described for other 68Ga-based radiopharmaceuticals, we have validated the synthesis process and the analytical methods to test the quality parameters of the final product to be used for routine clinical studies. [68Ga]GaFAPI-46 was successfully produced with high radiochemical purity and yield using an IBA Synthera® Extension module. Gallium chloride was cyclotron produced on a medical cyclotron using a liquid target with an activity of 4.31 ± 0.36 GBq at the end-of-purification (EOP). Analytical methods were established and validated meeting Ph. Eur. standards. Fully GMP production was also validated in three consecutive batches, producing 2.50 ± 0.46 GBq of [68Ga]Ga-FAPI-46 at the end-of-synthesis (EOS), with 98.94 ± 0.72% radiochemical purity by radio-HPLC. Quality was maintained for up to 3 h after the EOS. Production of [68Ga]GaFAPI-46 was performed and validated using a standard medical cyclotron with liquid targets. Quality control parameters (e.g. sterility, purity, and residual solvents) conform to Eur. Phar. and shelf life of 3 h was established. Activity of [68Ga]GaFAPI-46 produced is substantially higher than the one obtained with generators enabling a better response to the clinical need for this radiopharmaceutical.
The Evaluation Effectiveness of Parasitoids Phenacoccus manihoti Matile-Fererro (He-miptera: Pseudococcidae) on Cassava Plants in Bali Province
Authors: Supartha I Wayan , Susila I Wayan , Rauf Aunu , Nurmansyah Ali , Yuliadhi Ketut Ayu , Meilin Araz , Koswanudin Dodin , Utama I Wayan Eka Karya , Yudha I Kadek Wisma
Published: September 2023

Phenacoccus manihoti (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae), is an invasive pest that is very detrimental to cassava cultivation in Indonesia. Control efforts by utilizing natural enemies of the parasitoid have succeeded in overcoming the cassava mealybug in 25 countries such as in Africa and Thailand. The purpose of this study was to specifically evaluate the potential for parasitoid species associated with the mealybug P. manihoti by (1) determining the level of parasitization against mealybugs on various varieties of cassava, (2) determining parasitoid preference for P. manihoti instars, and (3) determining the type of parasitoid. This study was undertaken in the field to re-evaluate the kinds of parasitoids associated with cassava pests, and in the laboratory to assess the amount of parasitization, predilection, and functional response of parasitoids to P. manihoti population density. The findings revealed three of parasitoids linked with P. manihoti in the field: Anagyrus lopezi, Acerophagus sp., and Blepyrus sp. The parasitoid A. lopezi had the greatest parasitization rate in the field, which was 18.67 %. Furthermore, the parasitoids A. lopezi and Blepyrus sp. preferred 3rd instar nymphs, but Acerophagus sp. preferred 2nd instar nymphs. The parasitoid A. lopezi demonstrated a type-III functional response, while Acerophagus sp. and Blepyrus sp. demonstrated a type-II functional response. The handling capacity (Th) of A. lopezi is the shortest at 3.42 minutes. This work is a comprehensive study of the parasitoid A. lopezi's potential as a biological agent, highlighting how it effectively suppresses P. manihoti on various cassava varieties in Bali, providing an inexpensive, environmentally friendly, and applicable control in tropical countries.
Sexuality in Women with Fibromyalgia Syndrome: A Metasyn-Thesis of Qualitative Studies
Authors: Granero Molina José , Jiménez-Lasserrotte María del Mar , Dobarrio-Sanz Iria , Correa-Casado Matías , Ramos-Rodríguez Carmen , Romero-Alcalá Patricia
Published: September 2023

Fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS) is a nonarticular rheumatic syndrome which presents as chronic musculoskeletal pain, stiffness and body aches. FMS affects approximately 2.5% of the population, mostly women. FMS causes physical and psychological problems and reduces quality of life. The objective of this study is to identify qualitative evidence about experiences of women diagnosed with FMS about their sexuality. Methods: Metasynthesis of qualitative studies. The search included articles published between 2000 and June 2023 on the PubMed, WOS, CINAHL, SCOPUS, and SCIELO databases. Results: 450 articles were found through the initial search, of which, only 9 fulfilled the criteria and were included in the thematic synthesis. From this analysis, three main themes emerged: (1) “I want to, but I can’t”: FMS causes a shift in feminine sexuality. (2) Resetting sex life and intimacy. (3) Taking charge of a “new sexuality.” Conclusions: Women with FMS suffer from limitations of their sexuality that affect their partner. Pain, stiffness and a loss of desire make sexual encounters difficult. Becoming aware of this and striving not to lose their sexuality is key to coping with this problem. Women and their sexual partners can change roles and encourage communication, games, foreplay or touching. The use of lubricants, physical exercise and complementary therapies, along with social, professional and partner support, are key to coping with FMS.
Fuzzy Transform Image Compression in the YUV Space
Authors: Cardone Barbara , Martino Ferdinando Di , Sessa Salvatore
Published: September 2023

Abstract: The two-dimensional Fuzzy Transform was applied in image compression. The quality of the image compressed with this methodis better than that obtained using methods based on fuzzy relation equations and comparable with that of the JPEG method, with better compression execution times. In this paper we propose a variation of the method based on the two-dimensional Fuzzy Transform of image compression, in which the image is first partitioned into blocks and then each block is compressed with the higher compression rate. The advantage of this method consistsinto a greater compression of the image, guaranteeing a high quality of the reconstructed image.The results show that our method is better than the Fuzzy Transform method improving also the quality of the reconstructed image.
Naringin Protects Against Colistin-Induced Sciatic Nerve Damage by Reducing Oxidative Stress, Apoptosis and Inflammation Damage
Authors: Yılmaz Selçuk , Küçükler Sefa , Şimşek Hasan , Aygörmez Serpil , Kandemir Fatih Mehmet
Published: September 2023

Colistin is used in treatment against gram-negative bacteria. It causes toxic effects due to oxidative stress in a dose-dependent manner. Naringin is a flavonoid with strong antioxidant properties found naturally in many plants, especially citrus fruits. This study aimed to determine the protective effects of NRG in CLS-induced sciatic nerve injury. Thirty-five male Spraque rats were randomly divided into five groups: control, NRG, CLS, CLS+NRG50, and CLS+NRG100. CLS was administered orally at a 15mg/kg for seven days. NRG was administered orally at 50 or 100 mg/kg for seven days. CLS caused toxic damage in sciatic nerve tissue by increasing MDA and decreasing antioxidant capacity (SOD, CAT, GPx, and GSH); increasing NF-κB, TNF-α, nNOS release; increasing apoptotic factor (Caspase-3); decreasing HO-1 and nCAM; and inducing 8-OHdG, MAPK and GFAP. NRG, on the other hand, reversed all these changes in sciatic nerve tissue and reduced CLS-induced oxidative stress damage, inflammatory damage and apoptotic damage. These effects were more effective at the 100mg/kg dose of NRG than at the 50mg/kg dose. In sciatic nerve tissue, CLS-induced sciatic nerve toxicity with increased oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptotic damage. NRG showed a protective effect against CLS-induced sciatic nerve toxicity.
Cultivated Land Green Use Efficiency and Its Influencing Factors: A Case Study of 39 Cities in the Yangtze River Basin of China
Authors: Lin Qiaowen , Bai Siran , Qi Rui
Published: September 2023

In recent years, the Chinese government pays more and more attention to agricultural development and ecological protection. While improving the cultivated land green use efficiency(CLGUE) is the key to promote the sustainable development of agriculture. This study aims to study the current situation and influencing factors of agricultural production from the perspective of green utilization efficiency of cultivated land. It takes 39 cities in the upper, middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River basin in China as an example. The CLGUE values in those 39 cities from 2011 to 2020 were specifically measured, using the Super-SBM model, kernel density estimation and geographic detector method. Their temporal and spatial heterogeneity was described, and the influencing factors were detected at both single and interactive levels. The results showed that: （1）From 2011 to 2020, the green utilization efficiency value of cultivated land in the Yangtze River Basin showed an upward trend on the whole; （2）There is a clear spatial heterogeneity the CLGUE values in the Yangtze River Basin cities, as shown by: downstream region > midstream region > upstream region; (3) Cultivated land resource endowment, socioeconomic development, and agricultural production technology are important factors affecting the variability of CLGUE values. However, there are some differences in the degree and direction of influence of different influencing factors on different sample subgroups.
Using Virtual Environment to Analyze Cyber-Attacks on Smart Grid Protocol
Authors: Banik Shampa , Banik Trapa , Banik Shudipta
Published: September 2023

Smart grid capabilities have grown significantly in recent years. The smart grid provides advanced real-time handling of faults, advanced automatic control for efficient electricity transmission, monitoring and collection of the electrical system's capacity, and communication for information sharing. Unfortunately, its exposure to public networks makes it increasingly vulnerable to privacy breaches, vulnerabilities, and cyber-attacks. Cyber security threats and vulnerabilities in smart grid networks have become a primary concern that needs to be addressed before deploying a smart grid. Furthermore, the wide range of protocols increases the attack surface of a smart grid. This study focuses on the vulnerability of Modbus, which is regarded as one of the most prevalent protocols in smart grid communication networks. This paper presents preliminary findings of analyzing cyber-attacks against the Modbus protocol using a virtual testbed to investigate its effects on the smart grid network protocol. The concept incorporates an emulated Modbus/TCP network environment built from open-source software components that imitate fundamental industrial control features of the smart grid. Finally, we analyze the cycle of a cyber-attack leading through Reconnaissance to a DoS attack on the Modbus/TCP protocol and propose improvements to the test bed for protocol attack detection and mitigation.
How to Determine the Optimal Number of Cardiologists in the Region?
Authors: Nagapetyan Artur , Drozd Alexander , Subbotovsky Dmitry
Published: September 2023

The paper proposes an approach to determine the optimal number of medical specialists in the region. According to the author's theoretical model, in order to maximize public welfare, the marginal contribution of the last physician recruited to the growth of the public utility function should be equal to the marginal cost of attracting him and providing conditions for his work. To empirically assess the contribution of physicians to the number of lives saved, the CVD mortality rate is modeled using the instrumental variable method. On average, a 1% increase in the number of cardiologists is associated with a 0.6% decrease in cardiovascular mortality. At the level of provision with cardiologists in the amount of 1 per 100 thousand people, their marginal contribution to the number of lives saved is not less than 129 per 100 thousand people, with a further decrease by 5 people with the increase in the level of provision by 1 unit. The use of the obtained results will increase the validity of managerial decisions and in determining the optimal level of doctors when choosing between alternative possibilities of spending money on hiring doctors of different profiles or other expenses, especially in the case of limited resources.
Attosecond pulses from Ionization Injection Wake Field Accelerators
Authors: Tomassini Paolo , Horny Vojtech , Doria Domenico
Published: September 2023

High-quality ionization injection methods for Wake Field Acceleration driven by lasers or charged beams (LWFA/PWFA) can be optimised so as to generate high-brightness electron beams with tuneable duration in the attosecond range. We present a model of the minimum bunch duration obtainable with low-emittance ionization injection schemes, by spotting the roles of the ionization pulse duration, of the wake field longitudinal shape and of the delay of the ionization pulse position with respect to the node of the accelerating field. The model is tested for the resonant multi-pulse ionization injection (ReMPI) scheme, showing that bunches having length of about 300as can be obtained with a ionization pulse having duration of 30fs FWHM
Employment Trends in Northern Italy’s Medium-Sized Cities from 2012 to the Shock of the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Group of Cities in Distress?
Authors: Clerici Maria Antonietta
Published: September 2023

In a globalised economy, metropolises seem to have an ‘extra gear’ compared to other urban centres: they attract the most skilled businesses, drive innovation in many fields and can count on material and immaterial assets that foster greater resilience to adverse events of various kinds. Against this backdrop, what lies ahead for medium-sized cities (MSCs)? This paper focuses on the case of Northern Italy and explores employment trends between 2012 and 2020 in 189 MSCs with a population of between 20,000 and 200,000 inhabitants. Using a descriptive approach, we investigate the evolutionary trajectories of these cities and their varying specialisations, over a period marked by a moderate recovery of the Italian economy following the Great Recession and by a further setback caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. In general, in terms of employment performance, the 189 cities in question were less dynamic than the metropolises, but it is nevertheless necessary to look at their individual circumstances in detail. Furthermore, the work shows significant differences between the MSCSs of the North-West and North-East in evolutionary trajectories and specialisation profiles. The most problematic situations also relate to cities with hub status in the wider context and are not focused only where there is a production structure linked to industry.
Trends of the development of unit investment funds under sanctions
Authors: Gafurova G. T. , Notfullina G. N. , Kovaleva E. R.
Published: September 2023

Objective: to identify promising areas of research, limitations and factors of UIF market development in order to elaborate methodological recommendations for the management of UIF assets.

Methods: content analysis and systematization of materials published in scientific journals and analytical publications; review of scientific literature, vertical and horizontal analysis, trend and coefficient analysis, correlation and regression analysis. Results: the development of the collective investment institution in Russia is characterized by certain features. Despite difficult economic and geopolitical conditions of the recent years, retail investors show considerable interest in unit funds. Against the background of COVID restrictions, active development of remote services, and aggressive marketing of management companies, the number of shareholders has increased significantly. The paper analyzes the main trends in the development of UIF market in 2018-2022; the main factors of the development of collective investments are formulated. It was determined that the key factors hindering the development of this market are the low level of financial literacy of retail investors, the poor quality of UIF portfolio management, leading to losses for unit holders, and the increased risks as a result of the sanctions burden on the Russian financial market. Based on the study results, the basic recommendations are formulated that may contribute to the development of the market and improve the quality of managing the assets of unit holders.

Scientific novelty: a review of research on the unit funds effectiveness was conducted, as a result of which it was determined that research on the collective investment market as such is poorly represented, and the problems of the market efficiency under sanctions are not considered. The main challenges and limitations of the collective investment institution development under the current economic conditions are formulated: (1) digitalization of the financial sector, (2) blocking of foreign assets, (3) low level of financial literacy of the population. Recommendations were made for the UIF market development:

(1) legal regulation of the transparency of funds, (2) creation of a system of assignment of claims on the unit holders’ assets, (3) creation of a system of remuneration for the UIF success with active investment strategies strategies.

Practical significance: the main results of the work can be used in the practical activities of managing companies in the management of unit investment funds under uncertainty of the environment.