bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Exploring the Role of Edge-AI in Autonomous Vehicle Decision-Making: A Case Study in Traffic Management
Authors: Manduva Vinay Chowdary
Published: February 2025

The rapid evolution of autonomous vehicles (AVs) has highlighted the need for efficient, real-time decision-making systems to address the complexities of modern traffic management. Edge artificial intelligence (Edge-AI), which processes data at or near the source of collection, offers transformative potential in this domain. This article explores the role of Edge-AI in enhancing AV decision-making, emphasizing its ability to overcome latency, connectivity, and scalability challenges associated with centralized AI systems.
Through a case study in an urban traffic management setting, we examine how Edge-AI enables AVs to make instantaneous decisions, integrate seamlessly with existing infrastructure, and optimize traffic flow. Key findings demonstrate significant reductions in congestion and improved safety metrics, underscoring the viability of Edge-AI as a cornerstone of future mobility solutions. The discussion also addresses technical, ethical, and regulatory challenges while highlighting emerging opportunities such as 5G and IoT integration. This study aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of Edge-AI’s potential to revolutionize traffic systems and pave the way for smarter, safer, and more efficient urban mobility.
As Faces do Encarceramento Feminino no Brasil: Um olhar baseado em dados do SISDEPEN
Authors: Saraiva Eduardo de Oliveira , Fontes Márcia Barroso
Published: February 2025

A presente pesquisa tem como propósito analisar o sistema prisional brasileiro e as práticas institucionais que moldam as condições das mulheres em privação de liberdade. Foram utilizados dados secundários do Sistema de Informações do Departamento Penitenciário Nacional (SISDEPEN), abrangendo informações referentes aos estabelecimentos femininos e mistos nos anos de 2020, 2021 e 2022. A metodologia adotada utiliza uma abordagem que combina a análise quantitativa com a revisão integrativa da literatura. Foram utilizadas variáveis que incluem o perfil sociodemográfico das presidiárias, estrutura física das unidades prisionais e a disponibilidade de serviços, como assistência à saúde, acesso à educação e suporte social. Os resultados apontam que o ambiente carcerário ao qual as mulheres são submetidas possuem condições degradantes, com práticas institucionais e estruturas que, longe de promover a reintegração social, aprofundam desigualdades já existentes. Esse sistema além de negligenciar necessidades específicas, atua como um mecanismo de controle social, refletindo e reproduzindo dinâmicas de exclusão que atravessam a sociedade capitalista. Diante desse cenário, conclui-se que são necessárias mudanças tanto na infraestrutura física dos estabelecimentos quanto na oferta e efetividade dos serviços destinados às mulheres encarceradas. A materialização de políticas públicas voltadas a esse público deve ser uma prioridade, garantindo não apenas condições dignas de cumprimento de pena, mas também promovendo a ressocialização plena dessas mulheres e a superação das desigualdades estruturais que marcam sua trajetória.
Percutaneous Release of Trigger Finger Functional Outcomes and Complications
Authors: Al-Mwuad'a Mohammed Hussein
Published: February 2025

Background: Trigger finger results from thickening of the A1 pulley, restricting tendon movement, causing pain and finger locking. Percutaneous release is a minimally invasive alternative to open surgery, offering quicker recovery and fewer complications.
Objective: To evaluate the outcomes of percutaneous release for trigger finger regarding pain relief, finger range of motion, and complications for the period between September 2021 and September 2023.
Methods: This prospective study included 49 patients (57 fingers) treated with percutaneous release at Amran General Hospital. Patients with Grade ≥2 according to Quinnell’s classification were included. The procedure used local anesthesia and a 19-gauge needle for A1 pulley release. Follow-up assessments at 1, 6, and 12 weeks for pain relief, range of motion, and complications were evaluated.
Results: The procedure was successful in 54 of 57 digits (94.7%). Most cases (68.4%) showed complete resolution (Grade 0), while 26.3% had occasional pain (Grade 1). Three patients required open surgery due to incomplete release. No infections, nerve damage, or other complications were reported. The average recovery time was 1.5 ± 0.5 days.
Conclusion: Percutaneous A1 pulley release is a safe, effective treatment for trigger finger, with a 94.7% success rate, minimal complications, and rapid recovery, making it a reliable alternative to open surgery.
Assessing the Impact of flooding from 1994 to 2024 on Catchment Areas in South Eastern Part of Bangladesh Using Geospatial Techniques Inciting Knowledge from Recent Flood of August 2024
Authors: rahman Md. Mostafizur
Published: February 2025

Flooding is a recurrent and significant natural disaster in Bangladesh, particularly affecting the Chattogram Division, which is vulnerable due to its geographical features and seasonal monsoon rainfall. This study assesses the impacts of flooding on catchment areas in the Chattogram Division from 1994 to 2024, utilizing advanced Geographic Information System (GIS) techniques and remote sensing data. The analysis reveals a troubling trend, with flood-affected areas increasing substantially from 40% in 1994 to 64% in 2024, driven by factors such as extreme rainfall, upstream water management from the Dumboor Dam, and changes in local land use due to urbanization and deforestation. While previous research has addressed the broader implications of flooding in South Asia, there remains a notable gap in localized studies that focus specifically on the dynamics of flooding in the Chattogram Division. By integrating rainfall data with satellite imagery, this study provides novel insights into the relationship between hydrological changes and flood risk, employing a linear regression model that demonstrates a strong correlation between rainfalls and flooding. The findings highlight significant socio-economic repercussions, including disruptions to agriculture, infrastructure, and livelihoods, particularly in vulnerable districts like Noakhali, Feni, and Comilla. This research underscores the urgent need for effective flood management strategies and contributes valuable information to inform future policies aimed at enhancing resilience in flood-prone areas.
Use of didactic learning materials during whole-class literary conversations
Authors: Norup Maiken , Gissel Stig Toke , Andersen Bueie Agnete
Published: February 2025

In this article we examine teachers’ use of publisher-produced didactic learning materials in a multiple case study in Danish lower secondary schools. We characterize the teachers’ use of analytical and interpretive activities from publisher-produced learning materials in three 8th-grade classrooms during whole-class literary conversations in mother tongue teaching. The project is motivated by research showing that learning materials from publishing houses are widely used in primary and lower secondary schools. Yet we know very little about the influence of learning materials on literature teaching. Video observations of whole-class literary conversations were examined through a framework grounded in three theoretical foundations: 1) a usage analysis (of learning materials) (Gissel et al., 2021), 2) a content analysis (Norup, 2024), and 3) a structure analysis (Roberts & Langer, 1991). We show that declarative and procedural knowledge about the world and basic understanding of the literature and other aesthetic texts dominated whole-class conversations in the three classrooms, even though analytical and interpretational activities were available in the publisher-produced learning material. We also show that the teachers primarily talked about activities they had designed themselves, even though they used a publisher-produced learning material as the frame for their teaching.
PERCEPTIONS OF STEM FACULTY ON TRAINING NEEDS TO SUPPORT STUDENTS WITH DISABILITIES IN DISTANCE LEARNING
Authors: Omosule Johnson , Barksdale Beverly
Published: February 2025

There is a need to understand how science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) faculty and support staff perceive the benefits of training in improving their ability to provide accessible services to students with disabilities (SWD). The purpose of this qualitative phenomenological study was to explore how STEM academic faculty and support staff perceive their training requirements for accommodating SWD in distance learning classrooms. The researcher explored the perceptions of faculty and staff based at a community college in the northeastern United States. The population for this research was community college educators and support staff. A purposive sampling strategy was used to recruit participants. A sample of 10 participants was recruited for interviews. The findings of this study could be used to support the virtual classroom experience created by distance learning in STEM courses. The findings may illustrate differences between STEM faculty and personnel offering disability services concerning perceptions of how learning needs for SWD and training needs for staff and faculty are met. The findings could illuminate how effectively STEM faculty address the needs of students with varying degrees of abilities in nontraditional learning contexts. The results could also help to understand the perspectives of those who work in disability services on the topic of how various trainings might help fulfill the needs of SWD pursuing their education at a distance. The social justice implications of this study aim were to influence and improve the policies and practices on STEM education for SWD, ensuring that social justice principles are embedded in educational strategies and interventions. This study contributes to the broader goal of creating a more inclusive and equitable society.
NEW ONE-DIMENSIONAL (1D) CHAOTIC MAP FOR DATA ENCRYPTION
Authors:   Techno-Pedagogy Unit, Virtual University of Chad, Box 5711, Ndjamena, Chad., Zoukalne Kalsouabe ,   University of NDjamena, Box 1117, NDjamena, Chad., Charfadine Nimane Mahamat ,   Ecole Nationale Superieure des Technologies de lInformation et de la Communication (ENASTIC), NDjamena, Tchad., Mahamat Saleh Ahmat ,   Institute of Sciences and Techniques of Abeche (INSTA), Abeche, Tchad., Moungache Amir ,   University of NDjamena, Box 1117, NDjamena, Chad.
Published: February 2025

In this paper, we present a new one-dimensional polynomial exponential chaotic map, named 1D-PEC. The dynamic properties of the new map are investigated as a function of different parameters. The set of areas in parameter space where the map exhibits periodic, constant, and chaotic dynamics is also determined. The cryptographic performance of the 1D-PEC map is successfully analyzed using initial condition and parameter sensitivity tests, key space, and histogram analyses. The new chaotic card has a larger key space, making cryptanalysis more difficult.
THE HISTORY OF ABDOMINAL SURGERY: THE EVOLUTION OF AN ESSENTIAL BRANCH OF MEDICINE
Authors:   Vasile Goldis Western University of Arad, Arad, Romania., Daniel Raducan Ionut , Stanciu Mihaela-Loredana ,   Vasile Goldis Western University of Arad, Arad, Romania., Iancu Daniela ,   Vasile Goldis Western University of Arad, Arad, Romania.
Published: February 2025

Abdominal surgery, one of the most complex and demanding branches of modern medicine, has undergone a long and difficult journey from its origins to the sophisticated techniques used today. Surgical interventions on the abdominal cavity involve addressing vital organs such as the stomach, liver, pancreas, intestines, or spleen. The article traces the evolution of abdominal surgery from antiquity to the 20th century, focusing on the significant progress made in each period. In antiquity, abdominal surgery was rare and risky, limited by a lack of anatomical knowledge, anesthesia, and antisepsis. Egypt, Greece, and Rome made modest contributions to the treatment of hernias and other abdominal traumas. In the Middle Ages, abdominal surgery was influenced by Islamic medicine, particularly the works of Al-Zahrawi. Significant progress came in the 19th century, when the discovery of anesthesia by William Morton and antisepsis by Joseph Lister revolutionized surgical practices. The 20th century brought another revolution with the development of laparotomy and later laparoscopic surgery, which significantly reduced complications and recovery time for patients, laying the foundation for modern surgery.
HYPOXIC HEPATITIS AFTER IN-HOSPITAL CARDIAC ARREST - A CASE REPORT
Authors: Zokarkar Ashwini , Kumar Meenakshi
Published: February 2025

Hypoxic hepatitis (HH) is a condition of insufficient hepatic blood flow, due to shock or hypotension. It is characterized by an elevation of aminotransferases over 20times the upper limit of normal during first 72hrs after return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC). Most of the cases reported are out-of hospital cardiac arrest(OHCA) with poor neurological outcomes. We are reporting a case of HH following ROSC, in hospital witnessed cardiac arrest (IHCA) with full neurological recovery. A 61year old female was scheduled for excision of meningioma between D1-D3 vertebrae under general anaesthesia. Induction and maintenance of anaesthesia was done as per routine protocol. Throughout the surgery, haemodynamics were maintained stable. But while transfusing 2nd unit of blood, patient developed sudden episode of hypotension(Blood Pressure-70/36mmHg) and bradycardia followed by asystole. Cardio-pulmonary resuscitation(CPR) was started in prone position immediately. On removing the drapes, red wheal rashes were observed all over the back. The ongoing blood transfusion was stopped. The patient was made supine and CPR was continued as per ACLS protocol for 45minutes after which ROSC was achieved. Patient was then shifted to Intensive Care Unit(ICU) for post-resuscitation care. During the recovery phase in ICU, significant increase in transaminases(more than 20folds) were observed in first 24hours, which got normalized over 5days along with full neurological recovery of the patient. HH is not a complication which we as an anaesthesiologists usually encounter but its not a rare one. Our case highlights that HH is potentially reversible and may not always be associated with poor neurological outcome.
THERAPEUTIC FAILURE OF ANTIBIOTICS ININTENSIVE CARE UNIT: TOWARD BETTER RISK MANAGEMENT AND OPTIMIZED PATIENT CARE (PROSPECTIVE DESCRIPTIVE AND ANALYTICAL STUDY OF 100 CASES)
Authors:   Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Ibn Rochd University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of Casablanca, Hassan 2 University, Casablanca, Morocco., Tougar S. , Alaoui Z. Naghir S. ,   Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Ibn Rochd University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of Casablanca, Hassan 2 University, Casablanca, Morocco., Quesbaoui C. ,   Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Ibn Rochd University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of Casablanca, Hassan 2 University, Casablanca, Morocco., Charra B. ,   Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Ibn Rochd University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of Casablanca, Hassan 2 University, Casablanca, Morocco.
Published: February 2025

Infections in intensive care represent a critical situation where failure of anti-infective therapy, closely linked to high mortality rates, demands rapid detection and appropriate management by intensivists. Early intervention to identify and address treatment failure is therefore essential.This study aimed to determine the incidence of therapeutic failure, identify associated risk factors, and evaluate its prognostic consequences. We conducted a prospective, descriptive, and analytical study over nine months in the medical ICU of CUH Ibn Rochd in Casablanca. All patients receiving antibiotics for suspected or confirmed infections were included, with regular microbiological follow-up.Out of 100 patients, 58 experienced therapeutic failure. The causes were definitively identified in 53.5% of cases, probable in 34.4%, and undetermined in 12.1%. Infectious causes accounted for 41.4%, while non-infectious causes represented 12.1%. Key risk factors included severity at admission, nosocomial infections, atypical pathogens, irregular antibiotic administration, and anemia. A change in antibiotics was found to be an independent protective factor. Mortality was significantly higher in cases of failure (RR=32.977).Our findings indicate that better management of therapeutic failures could reduce associated mortality. Further research on a larger sample is needed to refine these conclusions and enhance clinical practices.
DIABETIC KETOACIDOSIS IN THE PEDIATRIC INTENSIVE CARE UNIT : CLINICAL, EPIDEMIOLOGICAL AND EVOLUTIONARY PROFILE
Authors:   Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Ibn Rochd University Hospital, Faculty of medicine and Pharmacy of Casablanca, Hassan 2 University, Casablanca, Morocco., S. Tougar , F. Berreteb ,   Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Ibn Rochd University Hospital, Faculty of medicine and Pharmacy of Casablanca, Hassan 2 University, Casablanca, Morocco., I. Jarir ,   Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Ibn Rochd University Hospital, Faculty of medicine and Pharmacy of Casablanca, Hassan 2 University, Casablanca, Morocco., H. Darouich ,   Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Ibn Rochd University Hospital, Faculty of medicine and Pharmacy of Casablanca, Hassan 2 University, Casablanca, Morocco., K. Fakher ,   Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Ibn Rochd University Hospital, Faculty of medicine and Pharmacy of Casablanca, Hassan 2 University, Casablanca, Morocco., S. Kalloch ,   Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Ibn Rochd University Hospital, Faculty of medicine and Pharmacy of Casablanca, Hassan 2 University, Casablanca, Morocco.
Published: February 2025

Diabeticketoacidosis (DKA), a seriousmetabolic complication of diabeteslinked to insulindeficiency,isstillcommoninAfrica,particularlyinchildren,andrepresentsamajormedicalemergency. It represents a real public healthproblem in ourcontext. Our study highlights the epidemiological and clinical profile of childrenadmitted to intensive care for DKA, underlining the importance of early recognition of warning signs, rapid and protocolized management, and close monitoring of potential complications. A retrospectivestudywascarried out over a 12- monthperiod in the pediatric intensive care unit at the Abderrahim Harouchimotherchild Hospital, Chu ibn Rochd, Casablanca, and included 43 cases of DKA. The meanage of the patients was 6.7 years, with a femalepredominance. DKAwas inaugural in 58% of cases, and 39% of episodesweretriggered by infections, mainlyurinary and pulmonary. Clinically, 83% of childrenpresentedwithneurologicaldisorders,and68%withKussmauldyspnea.Severeacidosis (pH< 7.1)wasobservedin41% of cases,whileelectrolyteabnormalitiesincludedhyponatremia and hypokalemia. Treatmentwasbased on rehydration, insulintherapy, correction of fluid andelectrolyteimbalancesandtreatmentofthecause.Progressionwasfavorablein93%of patients,butthreedeathswererecorded,underliningtherisksassociatedwithdelayeddiagnosisandcomplications.Thisstudyhighlightstheimportanceofraisingawarenessofearlydiagnosis and prevention of precipitatingfactors, notably infections and therapeutic non- compliance, in order to improve management and reduceDKA-relatedmortality.
A STUDY OF OCULAR MANIFESTATIONS IN HIV POSITIVE PATIENTS AT TERTIARY CARE RURAL HOSPITAL
Authors:   Junior Resident, Department of Ophthalmology, DBVP Rural Medical College, Loni., Jena Ananya , V. Bangal Surekha ,   Professor, Department of Ophthalmology, DBVP Rural Medical College, Loni.
Published: February 2025

Study Design-Hospital-based Descriptive Cross-Sectional PURPOSE-To study different ocular manifestations in patients who are HIV positive having ocular symptoms and their CD4 count status with respect to ocular manifestations.

Methods-A total of 50 HIV positive patients having ocular symptoms were evaluated on basis of detailed history and examination including CD4 count, anterior segment and fundus evaluation.

Results-Out of 50 patients in the study, most common presentation was diminution of vision -70%,anterior segment finding was keratouveitis-18% and posterior segment finding was HIV retinopathy-30%.A significant positive correlation was found between the CD4 counts and severity of ocular manifestations which increased with decrease in CD4 counts.

Conclusion-A comprehensive ophthalmic examination is essential for all patients having HIV to prevent and manage vision threatening complications.

Clinical Implication- Advances in HIV treatment have improved patient outcomes, however many still develop ocular complications. As ophthalmologists we play a vital role in their care by collaborating with other healthcare professionals to address these issues and develop management strategies to prevent vision loss.
Exploring the Nexus between Debt Financing and Firm Performance: A Robustness Analysis Using Instrumental Variables
Authors: Okanda Tellma Longy , Zhang Jianhua , Sarfo Philip Adu , Amankwah Ophelia
Published: February 2025

This study explores the impact of debt financing on firm performance, focusing on addressing the challenges of endogeneity and collinearity in regression models. Using a sample of firms from the CSMAR database, we investigate how different forms of debt financing short-term debt, long-term debt, and total debt affect firm performance metrics, specifically Return on Equity (ROE) and Return on Assets (ROA). To mitigate potential biases in traditional regression models, we employ Generalized Two-Stage Least Squares (G2SLS) and instrumental variable (IV) techniques. Our results show that long-term debt (LTDTA) and total debt to total assets (TDTA) have significant effects on firm performance, with some mixed relationships observed between debt financing variables and performance outcomes. The study further addresses issues of collinearity and endogeneity, demonstrating that the use of robust standard errors and instrumental variables provides more reliable estimates. The findings highlight the importance of strategic debt management for firms aiming to optimize performance while minimizing risks associated with excessive leverage. This study contributes to the literature on capital structure and firm performance, offering implications for financial managers, investors, and policymakers. Future research could extend these findings by exploring the effects of other financing sources and firm-specific characteristics across different industries.
Survey of Fungal Aeroallergens of Hospitals in Chhatrapati Sambhajinagar
Authors: Ashwini Videkar
Published: February 2025

Present study deals with indoor aerospora of Hospitals in Chhatrapati Sambhajinagar city of Maharashtra. The survey
of sampling was carried out from 1st January 2023 to 31st December 2023 in 2 hospitals i.e. Kamal Nayan Bajaj Hospital and
Government hospital and training institute (GHATI). Total 248 colonies were observed on petri plates exposed during 3 seasons
i.e. Winter, Summer, Rainy. The seasonal variations, colony characters and number of species were compared with
meteorological data and Questionnaire
Stem Cells Advancement and Applications: A Regenerative Medicines
Authors: Thakur Priyanka , Nirmala Dr , Kaur Jaspreet , Kaushal Piyush , Bhardwaj Abhimanyu , Pandit Vinay
Published: February 2025

Innovative advancements in stem cell research have led to the development of organoids that serve as in vitro models for human organ development and disease studies. Developments in the culture of human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) have facilitated the creation of made tailored differentiation approaches, which have important uses in regenerative medicine. These advancements have enabled the implantation of hPSC-derived cell therapy products into patients, and the results of numerous ongoing clinical trials have been encouraging. A novel strategy for customized cell-based treatments for a range of human illnesses is ectopic expression of reprogramming factors, which allows adult somatic cells to be reprogrammed into induced pluripotent stem cells (IPSCs). The IPSCs technology is a useful tool for drug development and disease modelling, in addition to providing possible remedies. Similar to embryonic stem cells (ESCs), induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) are capable of genetic correction and can develop into any type of cell in the body. These features offer IPSCs a possible path way for the development of long-term treatments for a wide range of diseases that are currently incurable. Additionally, we review the potential uses of IPSCs and clinical examination of future cell culture strategies for large-scale production to improve patient accessibility.
Keywords: Induced pluripotent stem cells (IPSCs), regenerative medicine, stem cell reprogramming, embryonic stem cells, and human pluripotent stem cell.
Ayurveda Approaches for Management of Chronic Secondary Amenorrhoea Complexed with Hormonal Replacement Resistance, PCOD, and Thyroid Dysfunction: A Comprehensive Case Analysis
Authors: Verma Anjali , Agarwal Aayushi
Published: February 2025

Ayurvedic protocols offer a holistic approach in managing Female pathologies by targeting the underlying imbalances in the HPO axis. In gynecological practices, hormonal therapy is a common approach for management of secondary amenorrhea associated with Polycystic Ovary Disease (PCOD), thyroid dysfunction, which interfere with endocrinal system and hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian (HPO) axis. The present case involves secondary amenorrhea, which has persisted for 8-10 years, compounded by resistance to hormonal replacement therapy, thyroid dysfunction and polycystic ovary Disease (PCOD) present from 10-11 years. Initially, the menstrual cycle interval increased to 4-5 months, then over a period natural menstruation ceased and remain responsive to withdrawal bleeding for about 2 years but later patient become irresponsive to withdrawal bleeding even after usage of hormones. The Ayurvedic approach emphasizes individualized treatment plans that address both the symptoms and the root causes of these conditions. The treatment regimen included Shodhana Chikitsa, specifically Basti and Nasya, in conjunction with oral medications. Over the course of one year, the patient experienced gradual improvement. Initially, menstruation resumed naturally after a 6-month interval, followed by 2 months, and eventually at interval of 35-40 days with improved regularity and quality of bleeding. This transition marked a shift from amenorrhea and withdrawal bleeding to irregular and then to regular menstrual cycles by Ayurveda treatment.
Keywords: Amenorrhoea, Ayurveda, Basti, Nasya, Hormonal therapy, Withdrawal bleeding
Evaluating the Efficacy of Tukhm Turb (Raphanus sativus L. Seeds) in Melasma: Insights from Recent Research and Traditional Unani Literature
Authors: Hussain Faiza , Husain Mohammad Anzar , Zaidi S.M. Abbas , Rehman Yusra , Meraj Meraj , Saeed Munawwar
Published: February 2025

Melasma is a common pigmentary skin condition that predominantly affects individuals with darker or light brown skin tones, with a prevalence of up to 70% in pregnant women. Ibn e Sina, a renowned Unani scholar, described Kalaf as a skin discoloration resembling melasma in its clinical features. The Unani system of medicine, known for its plant-based remedies, highlights the potential of Tukhm Turb (Raphanus sativus seeds), a member of the Brassicaceae family, for treating melasma. According to Unani principles, Tukhm Turb possesses Jālī (detergent), Mulaṭṭif (attenuant), Muḥallil (anti-inflammatory), and other beneficial properties. Modern studies corroborate these attributes, demonstrating that Raphanus sativus has anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and tyrosinase-inhibiting activities, which are attributed to its phytochemicals such as alkaloids, glucosinolates, brassinosteroids, and flavonoids. This review examines the traditional use of Tukhm Turb for melasma in Unani literature and evaluates findings from recent pharmacological studies, clinical trials, and in-vitro/in-vivo investigations. A systematic search of databases such as PubMed, Google Scholar, and ScienceDirect was conducted, alongside a review of classical Unani texts using keywords like “melasma,” “Kalaf,” “Raphanus sativus,” and “Raphani semen.” The integration of classical and modern evidence suggests that Tukhm Turb may be effective in managing melasma due to its multifaceted pharmacological properties. While promising, further rigorous clinical studies are required to validate its efficacy and establish its potential as a standard treatment for melasma.
Keywords: Alkaloid, Flavonoid, Kalaf, Raphanus sativus, Traditional Medicine, Tukhm Turb
Microneedle Delivery of Protein and Peptides: Advances in Drug Delivery
Authors: Adhikari Diwas , Pokhrel Sharada
Published: February 2025

Microneedles are the advances in the transdermal drug delivery system of proteins and peptide drugs which exerts its effect through the formation of the micro channels. Microneedles are of various types such as solid microneedles, dissolving microneedles, metallic microneedles, 3D printed microneedles; polymer based microneedles, Hydrogel microneedles and coated microneedles. Microneedle characterization is the most important part after the formulation. These dosage forms have both advantages and limitations. Stability enhancement, targeted drug delivery, low invasiveness, enhanced skin absorption etc. are some of the advantages associated with microneedles. Likewise shallow penetration, chances of skin irritation and injury, chances of degradation in different extreme temperature and pH etc. are some of the limitations. Needle integrity, uniform drug distribution, diffusion and degradation, sterility and contamination, immunogenicity and immune response, Activity preservation are the crucial parts that should be controlled during formulation. Improved stability of proteins, stabilization of inactive ingredients, utilization in the field of gene therapy and mRNA delivery, development of smart microneedles, development of multilayered microneedles, ligand targeting etc. are some of the advances in the microneedle delivery system. These delivery systems are widely recognized as the future of the drug delivery addressing the challenges associated with the patient compliance.
Keywords: Microneedles, Needle Integrity, Immunogenicity, Patient compliance
"Ajarin" mobile: A mobile technology-based learning application to improve students' mathematical understanding
Authors: Deswita Hera , Japar Muhammad , Solihatin Etin
Published: February 2025

Several previous studies have tried to develop mathematics learning applications, but they are still limited as a learning medium. Developing a digital-based mathematics learning application that facilitates learning from start to finish is necessary. This study aims to develop a viable and effective mobile application. The Development Process uses the CAI design model, which includes needs assessment, design, and development & implementation. Formative evaluations were obtained from expert reviews and students. The experts involved are experts in content, learning media, and multimedia. The formative evaluation stage by students includes one-to-one trials, small groups, and field trials. Research data was collected through questionnaires and test questions. This study involved 1 teacher and 52 high school students in Indonesia. The average score of expert reviews is 3.6, which is in the category of very good. The average score obtained from Formative Evaluation by students is 3.5, with an excellent category. The pretest and post-test scores showed an increase of 40% in students who achieved the completeness of learning outcomes. The average score of N-gain is 0.4 in the medium category. The Ajarin Mobile Application is feasible and effective in improving students' mathematics learning outcomes. This research is expected to be an alternative digital learning resource that makes it easier for teachers to facilitate mathematics learning in schools.
Transformación Educativa en las universidades públicas: Innovación, Emprendimiento y Competencias del Siglo XXI. Estudio de caso Centro Universitario de los Altos
Authors: Espinosa León Laura Evelia , De la Torre Barba Silvano , Navarro del Toro Guillermo José
Published: February 2025

En este artículo científico se explora la intersección crucial entre innovación educativa y emprendimiento, también se indaga en las competencias necesarias para prosperar en el siglo XXI, tales como lo son el pensamiento crítico, la resolución de problemas, comunicación efectiva, entre otras más, desarrollando cada una de ellas, de manera que sean aplicadas en la vida estudiantil actual. Se estudia y se centra principalmente en la adaptación de métodos educativos en el Centro Universitario de los Altos (CUAltos), para el cultivo de estas habilidades.
La investigación realizada para la elaboración de este artículo, aborda la imperiosa necesidad de preparar a los estudiantes con habilidades relevantes y versátiles que les permitan afrontar los desafíos cambiantes del mundo moderno. Se busca que estas mismas sean claras y entendibles, pero que además sean conocidas por los agentes indicados para su promoción y uso de los estudiantes.
Koinonia as Communion: Rethinking Communion in Igbo Traditional Society as Oriko
Authors: Nwangwu Bethrand Chekwube
Published: February 2025

The Greek term Koinǒnia has been for everyday usage, contextually meaning many things – relationships, fellowship, participation, and communion in usages. This paper situates koinonia within the context of communion, evoking a special usage in Christendom. It applies an intercultural and interreligious linkage of the term to an agelong practice of Ndi Igbo, a practice that predates their encounter with Christianity. Ndi Igbo are people living in the Southeastern part of Nigeria, West Africa whose indigenous religion is the Igbo Traditional Religion – a subset of the African Traditional Religion. The encounter with Christianity introduced Koinǒnia from the Christian perspective, not as a new idea because there is an already existing idea of koinonia in their traditional everyday social and religious life. This paper investigates the religious and social dimensions of Koinǒnia from the Greco-Hellenistic period to the early Christian period, to the Pauline period, and the current usage of the term in the present time. This exploration is placed contextually to an age-long practice of Oriko in the Ogbako Umunna of the Igbo people that has the same meaning, effect, and practice model as the Christian communion, without an encounter between the two culture and religion. This paper explores the ontological, religious, cultural, and substantial relation of Koinǒnia as communion as reflected in Christianity and Igbo Traditional Religion. This investigation is an intercultural and interreligious exposé for enriching and fostering the ongoing mutual dialogue between Christianity and indigenous religions. A dialogue situated in bilateral and constructive exchange of experience for inculturation.
Exploring the Impact of Lifestyle Choices on Consumptive Behavior
Authors: Lubanah Aulia Ifah , Latief Jamil
Published: February 2025

This research aimed to determine the influence of lifestyle on the consumptive behavior of teenagers on Panggang Island. This research uses quantitative methods. The population in this research is teenagers on Panggang Island. The sample was selected using simple random sampling, applying the Slovin formula with a margin of error of 10%, and resulted in 94 samples. The data used includes primary and secondary sources. Primary data was collected directly through questionnaires using a Likert scale. The analysis used was simple linear regression and was carried out using SPSS 25. This research indicates that lifestyle significantly affects adolescents' consumptive behavior on Panggang Island, with the lifestyle variable providing an effective contribution of 79.1%. This identified that the more adolescents' lifestyles, the more consumptive their behavior will be, and vice versa.
Enhancing Customer Satisfaction at PT Bank Rakyat Indonesia (Persero) Tbk: The Impact of Service Quality
Authors: Pratiwi Wanda Diah , Budiandru Budiandru
Published: February 2025

The focus of this research aimed to ascertain how customer satisfaction at the Kramat Jati Branch of PT Bank Rakyat Indonesia (Persero) is affected by service quality. This study involved 100 respondents who were bank customers, with the sample size calculated using the Slovin formula and selected through accidental sampling techniques.  At the Kramat Jati Branch of PT Bank Rakyat Indonesia (Persero) Tbk, customers were asked to fill out questionnaires to provide primary data. The analysis showed that the estimated t-value (6.393) was higher than the t-table value (1.984), and the significance coefficient was 0.000, which is less than the standard threshold of 0.05. These results indicate that service quality significantly influences customer satisfaction. Analysis with SPSS shows that service quality contributes 29.4% to customer satisfaction, and the correlation test shows that the relationship between service quality and customer satisfaction is in the medium category with a coefficient value of 0.542.
Pengaruh Marketing Mix Terhadap Keputusan Pembelian KPR Subsidi Yang Dimoderasi Oleh Kualitas Pelayanan
Authors: Dalimunthe Selli Askia , Rino Rino
Published: February 2025

The research aims to evaluate the impact of the marketing mix on the decision to purchase subsidized mortogages (KPR) at PT. Mandiri  Adna Properti, with service quality as a moderating variable. The study is causal in nature and involves customers of PT. Mandiri Adna Properti .  A  simple  random  sampling method was used,  with a total population  of 86 customers. From this population, a sample of 71 customers was selected. The criteria for inclusion were customers who had made a purchase decision at the company. Both primary and secondary data were used. Primary data was obtained through questionnaires distributed to buyers at PT. Mandiri Adna Properti, while secondary data was obtained from reference books and websites. SmartPLS 4.0 software was used to conduct SEM analysis. The  results showed that (1) Product has a significant influence on purchase decisions; (2) Price also has a significant influence on purchase decisions; (3) Location has a significant influence on purchase decisions; (4) Promotion does not influence purchase decisions; (5) Product has a significant impact on purchase decisions when moderated by service quality; (6) Price, when moderated by service quality, has a significant impact on purchase decisions; (7) Location, when moderated by service quality, has a significant impact on purchase decisions; and (8) Promotion, when moderated by service quality, does not significantly influence purchase decisions.
Pengembangan E-LKPD Berbasis Pendekatan Kontekstual Menggunakan Liveworksheet
Authors: Sepriasa Rani , Friyatmi Friyatmi
Published: February 2025

This research aims to produce E-LKPD that is valid, practical, and effective for use in learning. This type of research is research and development (R&D) with an experimental method through the ADDIE model development procedure. The data gathering strategy includes both testing (posttest) and non-testing methods such as validation sheets, instructor and student questionnaires, and observations. The liveworksheet-based E-LKPD satisfies the requirements for high validity, according to the evaluation of content and media specialists. The post-test findings demonstrate how the experimental and control groups' learning outcomes differed, reveal the effectiveness of E-LKPD based on liveworksheet. The results showed that the E-LKPD developed is valid, practical and effective for use in economics learning.
Evaluasi Program Tahfidz di SMAN 6 Padang Menggunakan Model CIPP
Authors: Susanti Dessi , Hidayat M Topit , Siregar Eva Anzani , Tullaili Mufida , Friyatmi Friyatmi
Published: February 2025

This research aims to evaluate the Tahfidz program at SMAN 6 Padang. This research is included in the type of evaluation research using the CIPP (Context, Input, Process and Product) approach from Stufflebeam & Shinkfield. The instruments used for data collection in this research were interviews, observation, documentation and questionnaires conducted on students and teachers. The results of this research show that: 1) Implementation of the tahfidz program is very necessary for students and teachers to develop noble student character; 2) The quality and availability of facilities that support the Tahfidz program still need to be improved, especially in terms of the availability of libraries, technological facilities, worship facilities and sanitation; 3) The implementation of the tahfidz program has run smoothly; 4) The Tahfidz program is considered to have helped students become Hafidz or Hafidzah which has an influence on the students' character.
Pengaruh Persepsi Kemudahan Penggunaan dan Persepsi Kegunaan Terhadap Keputusan Nasabah Menggunakan QRIS Bank BRI Dengan Kepercayaan Sebagai Variabel Intervening
Authors: Adrianto Yuda , Rahmidani Rose
Published: February 2025

The research aims to analyze the influence of perceived ease of use and perceived usefulness on customer decisions using BRI QRIS with trust as an intervening variable. The number of samples used is 170 samples using the Hair et al. formula.This research uses a purposive sampling technique. The data used is primary data with criteria that have been maintained. The analysis method used is SEM using Smart PLS 4.0.  The research results show that although Perceived Ease of Use and Perceived Usefulness have a positive influence on usage decisions, this relationship is not statistically strong. In contrast, the positive impact of both constructs on trust is significant. Specifically, trust functions as a mediator, significantly influencing the relationship between Perceived Ease of Use, Perceived Usefulness, and usage decisions.
The Idea of Mysticism in the Writings of Andrew Harvey and Pico Iyer
Authors: Mishra Shruti
Published: February 2025

This paper deals with idea of mysticism represented in form of Buddhist Philosophy. I will be discussing the writings of Andrew Harvey and Pico Iyer. Both of them are commendable travel writers, they have extensively travelled and wrote about Buddhism. I will be comparing the writings of both and the way they looked at Buddhism and its philosophy for the welfare of people. A Journey in Ladakh by Andrew Harvey and Sun After Dark by Pico Iyer, both of them talk of about Buddhist dominant regions and its effect on people. The difference between the two is that, the writings of Andrew Harvey is more spiritual whereas Pico Iyer is more technical and political. Both of them express their special bond with India and its people. They talk about the peculiarities of people, the culture and cuisine.
Overview of the use of exogenous enzymes in aquaculture: The functionality of exogenous enzymes in aquaculture
Authors: Ahmed Sherine R. , Doan Hien Van , Davies Simon , Goda Ashraf M.A. , El-Haroun Ehab
Published: February 2025

Aquaculture is playing a pivotal role in meeting the growing global request for seafood products. One of the important aspects of aquaculture management is using of high-quality ingredients to improve the performance of fish and crustaceans. One of the main priorities of nutrition scientists over the past decades is to partially or totally replace fish meal (FM) with different plant protein ingredients. Furthermore, plant proteins contain anti-nutritional components, which poses a drawback for their use in fish feed. Therefore, to effectively utilize plant components in feeds, it is necessary to reduce anti-nutritional factors. Recently, exogenous enzymes as feed additives are gaining interest in the aquafeed industry to increase the nutritive values of plant protein as a reasonable solution for FM substitution, leading to enhanced nutrient retention, growth performance and profits for the aquaculture stakeholders. The present review will discuss the potential of various exogenous enzymes to increase the quality of various plant proteins in feed for more sustainable aquaculture practices
PAHs Content in Polish Smoked Meat Prepared with Traditional Method
Authors: Kowalczyk Karolina , Tereszkiewicz Krzysztof , Antos Piotr
Published: February 2025

Meat smoking is an old and efficient method of meat treatment, resulting in the preparation of meat with specific properties, improved taste, and modified the physical and chemical properties of treated meats. The aim of this study was to analyse the level of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) generated during meat smoking using traditional Polish methods. In particular, various meat products such as: Kornetka from Górno, Country sausage from Górno, Dry pork from Górno, Homemade ham, Steamed bacon, Pork kabanos were prepared. Within the treated meats, the following PAH compounds were determined: benzo(a)pyrene - BaP, chrysene - CHR, benzo(a)anthracene - BaA, benzo(b)fluoranthene - BbF, 5-methylchrysene - 5-MeCHR, benzo(c)fluorene - BcF, benzo(g, h,i)perylene - BghiP, benzo(j)fluoranthene - BjF, benzo(k)fluoranthene - BkF, dibenzo(a,e)pyrene - dBaeP, dibenzo(a,h)anthracene - dBahA, dibenzo(a,h) pyrene - dBahP, dibenzo(a,i)pyrene - dBaiP, dibenzo(a,l)pyrene - dBalP, indeno(c,d)pyrene - IcdP. After the smoking process, cold cuts samples were taken for chemical analysis to determine the presence of PAHs. Samples were taken 7 times, at 2-week intervals, in an amount of approximately 1.5 kg, immediately after heat treatment, cooling and packaging. The amount of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons was determined by liquid chromatography (HPLC). Research carried out shows that the lowest average PAH content was found in dry sausage and was 5.87µg/kg. In three of the meats tested, the total PAHs content assessed ranged from 10.78 to 16.62µg/kg The results of this study provide information on PAH levels in traditionally smoked meats and assess compliance of these levels with current health and safety regulations. This research is crucial to understand the possible health risks factors that could be associated with the consumption of traditionally smoked meat and to guide the development of safer smoking practices.
Parallel Plate Gap Height Effect on DSR Measurements of GTR Modified Binders
Authors: Boudnani Zeine Elabidine , Bachir Glaoui , M’hammed Merbouh , Silva Francisco , Sousa Jorge B
Published: February 2025

The current Superpave performance grade (PG) specification uses a dynamic shear rheometer (DSR) with a 1-mm gap height to determine the high-temperature performance grade of asphalt rubber binders. Concerns have arisen that rubber particulates exceeding 25% of the gap height might skew the measurements, leading to properties that do not accurately represent the actual behavior of ground tire rubber modified binders. This study explores adjusting the 1-mm gap height to better measure the high-temperature performance properties of these binders and minimize the interaction effects between the asphalt binder and rubber particles on PG grading results. A trial gap height of 2 mm was used to test three different ground tire rubber modified (GTR) binders. Both the standard Superpave high temperature grading test and the multiple stress creep and recovery (MSCR) test were employed. Results indicated a consistent trend for binders with 15% GTR, while notable differences were observed for 18% and 20% GTR. The 2 mm gap provided more stable results over several days compared to the 1 mm gap, likely due to reduced particle interaction at the increased concentration. Based on these findings, a 2 mm gap height is recommended for GTR modified binders.