bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Limitations and evaluation of electoral system improvement analyzed from the perspective of proportionality and representativeness
Authors:   Korean Constitutional Law Asscciation, Kim Hyo Youen
Published: February 2025

The principles of popular sovereignty and democracy are the basic principles of Constitution and are also limitations to revision. Since the basic system that materializes this is the electoral system, the electoral system is very important in realizing popular sovereignty and democracy. In particular, an institutional mechanism that links the will of the sovereign people to the results without distorting it is an important element in securing democratic representation and proportionality through elections.
The main issue of efforts to improve the electoral system promoted in the 20th and 21st National Assembly was to improve the problem of the sovereign people's will not being reflected in the results due to the single-member district system in the current district elections. In other words, the result of the winner-takes-all system, in which only one person is elected per district under the single-member district system, the resulting problem of resignations, and the disproportionality between the party approval rating and the number of seats secured, called for improvement of proportionality in election results. However, the plan to improve the electoral system adopted and implemented after discussion in the National Assembly was implemented by maintaining the existing electoral district system, contrary to the original intention of improving the electoral system, and the semi-linked proportional representation system agreed upon and implemented in the 20th National Assembly was implemented. It resulted in distorting the will of the sovereign people, such as by creating satellite political parties. The electoral system improvement plan decided and implemented in the 20th and 21st National Assembly failed to strengthen proportionality and representativeness and undermined the political efficacy of the sovereign people, similar to before the introduction of the improvement plan.
Accordingly, this paper analyzes the issues of the electoral district system and proportional representation system, which were discussed as improvement plans for the electoral system in the 20th and 21st National Assembly, and presents limitations and improvement measures.
PENGEMBANGAN SISTEM PENDUKUNG KEPUTUSAN BERBASIS MOBILE DALAM PEMILIHAN KUALITAS TELUR PADA KURNIAJAYA FARM
Authors: Saputra Ricco Herdiyan , Waziana Winia , Sari Dita Novita , Pratomo Panji Andhika
Published: February 2025

Permintaan akan telur ayam ras berkualitas tinggi terus meningkat, menuntut adanya sistem penilaian yang akurat dan efisien untuk memastikan kualitas produk yang dijual oleh agen telur. Kurniajaya Farm menghadapi tantangan dalam pemilihan kualitas telur ayam ras yang bervariasi, sehingga diperlukan suatu teknologi yang dapat membantu dalam pengambilan keputusan secara objektif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan model penilaian kualitas telur menggunakan metode simple additive weighting (SAW) yang diintegrasikan dalam siklus pengembangan aplikasi mobile (Mobile Application Development Life Cycle) guna memudahkan pemilihan kualitas telur ayam ras. Penerapan metode SAW dikarenakan kemampuannya untuk menyederhanakan proses penilaian melalui perhitungan bobot dari berbagai kriteria yang telah ditetapkan. Kriteria yang ditetapkan dalam penelitian ini meliputi ukuran telur, berat telur, kebersihan cangkang, dan ketebalan cangkang. Tujuan dari penelitian untuk menciptakan sistem yang mampu membantu Kurniajaya Farm dalam menentukan kualitas telur secara cepat, akurat dan konsisten melalui aplikasi mobile yang mudah diakses. Temuan penelitian mengindikasikan bahwa pengembangan sistem berhasil mengkategorikan kualitas telur dengan akurasi yang tinggi. Pengguna dapat dengan mudah menentukan telur mana yang memenuhi standar kualitas yang diinginkan melalui aplikasi mobile. Implementasi sistem ini di Kurniajaya Farm telah terbukti meningkatkan kualitas produk yang dihasilkan serta kepuasan pelanggan.
SISTEM INFORMASI KEHADIRAN SOPIR PADA PT BLUE BIRD TBK BERBASIS WEB
Authors: Hayati Putri , Harsanto Kukuh , Fauzie Achmad Rizki Nur , Rifai Anwar
Published: February 2025

Bisnis transportasi sangat bergantung pada pengaturan sumber daya manusia yang baik. PT Blue Bird Tbk, perusahaan transportasi terkenal di Indonesia, membutuhkan sistem manajemen informasi untuk mengelola sumber daya manusia, khususnya tim operasional secara efektif. Sistem yang saat ini digunakan masih berbasis Microsoft Excel yang mempunyai beberapa kendala, seperti tidak dapat diakses secara online, data yang tidak terhubung dengan baik, data yang sering hilang, serta data yang sulit ditemukan. Karena itu, penelitian dimaksudkan merancang aplikasi berbasis web untuk sistem informasi monitoring kehadiran sopir dan menerapkannya pada PT Blue Bird Tbk. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah ini membuat sistem informasi berbasis web yang mampu memantau kehadiran sopir PT Blue Bird Tbk secara langsung dan efisien dalam melakukan absensi dengan memanfaatkan teknologi QR Code. Dengan sistem ini, pimpinan dapat mengelola kehadiran sopir secara lebih efektif. Selain memberikan fleksibilitas dalam manajemen data, sistem ini memberikan akses ke informasi secara real-time. Dengan model pengembangan perangkat lunak model waterfall, penelitian ini mencakup langkah-langkah analisa kebutuhan, perancangan sistem, implementasi, pengujian, serta pemeliharaan. Pada tahap analisa, data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara, observasi langsung dan kuesioner untuk memahami proses bisnis saat ini. Aplikasi dibuat menggunakan ReactJS untuk pengembangan frontend dan Go untuk pengembangan backend dikarenakan mudah dalam pengelolaan yang optimal dengan kinerja yang tinggi, kemudian logika sistem untuk antarmuka pengguna dan basis data menggunakan MySQL. Hasil pengujian menggunakan user acceptance test menunjukkan bahwa semua fitur sistem informasi pemantauan kehadiran sopir berbasis web berfungsi dengan baik. Penelitian ini menghasilkan desain dan pengembangan sistem berbasis web yang memungkinkan pemantauan kehadiran sopir secara real-time dan efisien dengan menggunakan teknologi QR Code. Dengan demikian, manajemen PT Blue Bird Tbk dapat lebih efektif mengawasi kehadiran sopir.
The Use of Modern Information Technology (IT) in Extension Services: A Case Study on IT Utilization Among Farmers and Fishermen
Authors: Rizki Hidayat  , RR Roosita Cindrakasih  , Yang Gusti Feriyanti  , Geofakta Razali
Published: February 2025

The adoption of Information Technology (IT) in agricultural and fisheries extension services plays a crucial role in enhancing the effectiveness of extension workers and improving the livelihoods of farmers and fishermen. This study combines a literature review and case study analysis to explore the factors influencing IT adoption and its impact on extension services. The literature review identifies key challenges and opportunities, while the case study provides real-world examples of IT utilization in different regions. Findings indicate that while IT adoption remains suboptimal in many areas, it has significant potential to improve productivity and knowledge dissemination. Digital tools such as mobile applications, online training platforms, and digital communication channels enable extension workers to provide real-time guidance, share information efficiently, and facilitate better decision-making. However, challenges such as limited digital literacy, inadequate infrastructure, and resistance to change hinder optimal IT utilization. Addressing these barriers through targeted training, policy support, and investment in IT infrastructure is essential for maximizing its benefits. This study highlights the transformative role of IT in modernizing agricultural and fisheries extension services. By embracing technological advancements, extension programs can become more efficient, accessible, and impactful, ultimately contributing to the sustainability and well-being of farming and fishing communities.
Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices of Farm Workers Regarding Pesticide Use in the Souss Massa Region of Morocco
Authors: Nadia Benaicha , Meriem Hagag , Imad Chakri , Hasna Loulida , Laila Lahlaou
Published: February 2025

The use of pesticides is a critical aspect of modern agriculture, with significant implications for both human health and the environment. Farm workers, in particular, are among the high-risk groups exposed to these chemicals. This study aimed to assess the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of farmers regarding pesticide use in the Souss Massa region. To gather comprehensive data, face-to-face interviews were conducted with 132 farmers using a structured questionnaire. The findings revealed that farmers had a moderate level of knowledge, with 65.9% of participants acknowledging the serious health risks associated with pesticides. However, 12.1% were uncertain and unaware of the symptoms that could result from pesticide poisoning. Only 16% of participants recognized the environmental impacts of pesticides. Furthermore, practices varied significantly, with some farmers engaging in risky behaviors. For example, 21% of workers did not use any personal protective equipment (PPE), and 32% reported working in the fields during pesticide spraying, failing to respect the pre-harvest interval. Our study also highlighted how sociodemographic factors influenced farmers' practices. Women, older farmers, more experienced farmers, and those with higher education levels were more likely to prioritize PPE usage and adopt protective measures. Additionally, men and farmers with higher education levels demonstrated a greater understanding of pesticide use and its risks. This study underscores the need for targeted educational programs to improve pesticide safety practices among farmers, contributing to healthier agricultural practices in the region.
The challenges of health reform in Senegal: qualitative analysis of the departmentalization of health mutuals
Authors: Ridde Valery , Kane Babacar , Faye Adama
Published: February 2025

Introduction: In Senegal, community-based health insurance (CBHI) schemes have long been favoured as the main instrument for achieving universal health coverage (UHC). Historically managed by community volunteers, these schemes have struggled with financial sustainability and coverage effectiveness. In response, Senegal launched a reform in 2022, transitioning from communal to departmental CBHI schemes to enhance management and service delivery. This study aims to explore the challenges associated with implementing this reform in the country.
Methods: The qualitative study was conducted from 2020 to 2023, utilizing 27 in-depth interviews with stakeholders from four regions to explore the roles of social actors, ideas, power dynamics, and context in the reform. The interviews specifically aimed to capture the dynamics of support and resistance to the transition from communal to departmental CBHI. Data were analyzed using a thematic analysis approach.
Results: Findings reveal significant resistance among existing communal CBHI managers who fear loss of autonomy and financial control. Stakeholders expressed concerns over the rapid and top-down approach of the reform process, which many felt was forced upon them without adequate consultation. Despite these challenges, some stakeholders recognized the potential benefits of professional management and streamlined operations to enhance healthcare accessibility and efficiency.
Conclusion: The study shows that despite encountering resistance stemming from entrenched ideas, values, and power dynamics, the reform has been accepted and is currently being implemented. The role that departmental CBHI will play in the ongoing reform process remains to be seen.
Effects of Cactus Flour (Opuntia ficus-indica) on Productive Performance and Eggshell Quality of Laying Hens
Authors: Juárez Aureliano , Gutiérrez Ernestina , Villalba Carlos , Ordaz Gerardo
Published: February 2025

The poultry industry plays a crucial role in the production of animal proteins for human consumption and generating sources of employment. Thus, it is essential to explore effective strategies to enhance both the productivity of laying hens and the quality of their products, particularly eggshell quality, due to its significant economic implications for the poultry sector. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of cactus flour (CF; Opuntia ficus-indica) on the productive performance and eggshell quality of laying hens. Twenty-four Rhode Island Red laying hens were randomly divided into two groups (n = 12 experimental units -hens-/group) consisting of a control group and another fed CF (1% of the diet volume). The variables assessed included initial and final weight, weight gain, feed and calcium intake, egg production, egg mass, feed conversion index/kg of egg, economic efficiency index, egg weight, shell weight, shell thickness, shell percentage, and calcium levels in eggshells and excreta (daytime and nighttime). The addition of CF in the diet affected the final weight of hens, with the CF-fed hens (2.1 kg) being heavier than the control (1.9 kg). Egg production was higher in the CF-fed hens than in the control hens. Additionally, the mean egg weight was higher (68.5 g) in the CF-fed hens than in the control (62.2 g). The feed conversion index was lower in the CF-fed hens (2.1 kg/kg) than in the control (1.8 kg/kg). The economic efficiency index was higher in the CF-fed hens (94.8 %) than in the control (90.2 %). Eggshell weight (5.8 g), thickness (0.31 mm), and calcium levels (35.6 %) were significantly higher in the CF-fed hens than in the control (5.1 g, 0.27 mm, and 33.4 % for eggshell weight, thickness, and calcium levels, respectively). In conclusion, the inclusion of CF in the diet of laying hens improved the productive indicators and eggshell quality, thereby enhancing economic efficiency.
Effect of extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields on a-Lactalbumin and Sulindac treated colon cancer cells: ELF-EMF and colon cancer
Authors: Gorgulu Kivanc , Gokce Burak , Aydemir Isil , Ozbilgin M. Kemal , Vatansever H. Seda
Published: February 2025

Aim: In this research, we aimed to investigate the effects extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields (ELF-EMF) on proliferation and apoptosis during treatment of primary and metastatic colon cancer cell lines.
Material and Methods: Colon cell lines; COLO-320, COLO-741 and as control mouse fibroblast (STO) cells were cultured in 24 wells of tissue culture plate. Both COLO-320 and COLO-741 cells were treated with α-lactalbumin, sulindac and α-lactalbumin + sulindac. The cells from all groups were exposed to 60 Hz ELF-EMF for 48 hours. For cytotoxicity analyses, the cells were collected and analyzed with ELISA. The cells were fixed in 4% paraformaldehyde for 30 minutes. Cell proliferation was analyzed by evaluating of anti-Ki-67 distribution using indirect immunohistochemistry, cell death were evaluated using TUNEL assay.
Results: After TUNEL assay, the TUNEL positive cells were detected in all treated and control groups. However, the number of apoptotic cells was increased after treatment with α-lactalbumin and EMF exposure on COLO-320 cells. The apoptotic cells were less in STO cells. The distribution of Ki-67 was also detected in all groups, but, there were more Ki-67 immunoreactivity in COLO-741 cells than other groups. The cell cytotoxicity was also increased after EMF exposure in all groups.
Discussion: Our results suggested that the EMF exposure may increase the effects of α-lactalbumin on primary colon cancer cell lines. However, the proliferation of both cancer and control cells were not affected. The EMF exposure may trigger apoptotic pathway in primary colon cancer cell lines.
Ultrasound-guided cannulation in placement of Hemodialysis Access Catheters in Predialysis Patients
Authors: Yildar Murat , Gurbuz Orcun , Kumtepe Gencehan , Basbug Murat , Toprak Omer
Published: February 2025

Aim: Ultrasound (USG)-guided hemodialysis catheter placement is known to be superior to and more reliable than catheter insertion guided by anatomical landmarks. USG is used for vascular mapping (VM) before catheter placement, or real time. This study investigated the effect on outcomes of USG techniques used in patients with hemodialysis catheters inserted through the internal jugular vein (IJV) due to emergency hemodialysis indication while being monitored for Predialysis Renal Failure (PRF).
Material and Methods: Fifty-nine patients with PRF undergoing USG-guided hemodialysis catheter placement between January 2012 and May 2014 at the Balikesir University Health Practice and Research Hospital were evaluated retrospectively.
Results: Twenty-eight patients were male and 31 female. The right IJV was used in 57 patients and the left IJV in two. Success rate at first attempt in real time USG group was 91.3% (21/23), compared to 91.6% (34/36) in the VM group. Average number of puncture was similar (1.08±0.291 vs. 1.16±0.56). No complications occurred in either group.
Conclusion: Use of USG in real time and for VM in patients with PRF gives similar results in terms of success and complication rates. We therefore recommend that USG only for vascular mapping be used solely in these patients in order to avoid time loss and increased costs.
Impairments of Diabetes Mellitus related Nephropathy and blood bio-chemicals by the Thymus Vulgaris L. and Thymbra Spicata L.
Authors: Akan Zafer , Dikilidal Melek , Ozdemir Hulya , Yuksel Mehmet Bilgehan , Oto Gokhan , Akcay Salaheddin , Vatansever Seda , Yesil Hayrunnisa , Yilmaz Ahmet , Var Ahmet
Published: February 2025

Objective: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a group of metabolic diseases with high blood glucose, which cause the damage and dysfunction of some of the organ systems. Although various oral drugs are used to treat DM, they do not prevent the development of DM related diseases such as nephropathy and retinopathy and glucose dependent vascular diseases. Thus novel strategies for the prevention and treatment of DM are urgently needed. This research aimed to reveal the effects of Thymus Vulgaris Lamiaceae (TVL) and Thymbra Spicata Lamiaceae (TSL) on the damaging effects of DM.
Methods: Prepared TVL and TSL aqueous extracts were studied in the streptozocin induced experimental diabetic rat model. Blood glucose, body weight, and blood biochemical alterations were measured. Rat kidney for nephropathy were enucleated and fixed in paraffin blocks to examine histopathological changes.
Results: Briefly, impaired blood glucose, and weight loss of Diabetic rats were significantly improved by TVL in dose dependent manner (P<0.01). Impaired Blood Uric acid, Urea, and liver enzymes were significantly improved and adjusted to the control group values (P<0.001). The histological analyses of the kidney in TVL and TSL groups revealed the findings of significant healing properties, which was similar to the normal structures of kidney.
Conclusions: In this study, strong biochemical, physiological, and histological improvements in the DM related disorders, such as neuropathy and nephropathy were obtained by TVL treatment.
A case of complex suicide: Self-electrocution
Authors: Ulucay Tarik , Yavuz M. Sunay , Kir M. Ziya , Zeyfeoglu Yildiray , Kahraman Ilknur , Sarıgül Faruk Aydin , Tatar Gonca , Dalgic Mustafa , Kesici Gonca Piskin
Published: February 2025

A 57-year-old man was found at his home by his neighbor. The body of the victim was lying on the right side of the door. A copper wire, whose plastic parts were untied, and surrounded the left and right hand palmar and dorsal faces. The wire was connected by an extension to an electric socket in the room. There was blood and toilet paper around the left hand wrist. Suicide note was found on the taboret
Toxoplasma Ig M positive in pregnancy: what does it mean from the perspective of the gynecologists?
Authors: Ulkumen Burcu Artunc , Pala Halil Gursoy
Published: February 2025

Toxoplasma gondii infection in pregnancy occurs with maternal ingestion of cysts in undercooked meat or with maternal ingestion of oocysts found in water, food and soil (1). Contaminated under cleaned green salads (like garden rocket, parsley) and water may be important sources for women in Turkey. Although routine screening for toxoplasmosis in pregnancy is not recommended, this is not the case in daily practice and due to unnecessary screening and confounding test results, gynecologists should be also familiar with patients having the results of Toxoplasma IgM(+). One key-point for evaluation the toxoplasmosis-suspected pregnant woman is to know that congenital infection risk for the fetus is higher in third trimester; however, the risk of the injury for the fetus is greater in the first trimester (2). Pregnant women with IgM(+)/IgG(-) should be screened in 1 to 3 weeks again. If seroconversion in Ig G occurs, then infection is probably acquired during pregnancy and there is risk for congenital infection (3). Treatment is to be initiated with Spiramycin. Amniocentesis for amniotic fluid PCR should be performed after 16 weeks. A detailed fetal ultrasonography should be also performed. In case of IgM(+)/IgG(+), the results should be confirmed. Toxoplasma Gondii avidity testing is reasonable at this stage (4). High-avidity IgG antibodies are detected at least 12-16 weeks after infection, so high-avidity IgG results show that the infection was started 16 weeks before. Low-avidity results may persist for a long period (even more than one year after acute infection), so only avidity tests should not be used (1, 5). In our daily practice, we account the gestational week, the Ultrasonograhic findings with maternal serum results into account. In case of IgM(+)/IgG(+); we also perform IgG avidity test. We initiate medical treatment and repeat the tests in 3 weeks. A significant increase in IgG titers (3-4 times) together with low-avidity IgG is suggestive for an acute infection. Fetal infection should be checked with amniocentesis
1984A/G adrenomedullin (rs3814700) gene polymorphism: can it be responsible for unexplained recurrent early pregnancy loss?
Authors: Ulkumen Burcu Artunc , Ulucay Safiye , Batir Burak , Eskicioglu Fatma , Pala H. Gursoy , Cam Sirri
Published: February 2025

Objective: The etiology of recurrent miscarriage (RM) is heterogeneous and the current data cannot be able to cover all the aspects of RM. Adrenomedulline (ADM) has been very popular with the discovery of vital functions in maintaining an uneventful pregnancy. Idiopathic RM may result due to defective placentation and implantation process associated with altered ADM function and levels. So, we hypothesized that increased ADM gene polymorphism could play a role in idiopathic RM cases
Methods: This prospective case-control study consisted of 60 women; 30 of whom had three consecutive pregnancy losses, who admitted to the outpatient clinic of department of obstetrics and gynecology or department of genetic at our tertiary center. Genomic DNA was extracted from peripheral blood and the frequency of genotypes and alleles of –1984A>G ADM (rs3814700) gene polymorphism was examined by polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR/RFLP) method
Results: The mean ages were 29.36±6.22 and 32.15±5.43 in RM and control group, respectively (p=0.314). For  -1984A>G polymorphism, the frequency of A allele was 91.7% and 93.3% in RM and control group, respectively (p=0.72). The frequency of G allele was 8.3% and 6.7% in RM and control group, respectively (p=0.72). Regarding the incidence of genotype; AA genotype was 83.3% and 86.7% in RM and control group, respectively (p=0.71). AG genotype was 16.7% and 13.3% in RM and control group, respectively (p=0.71).
Conclusions: -1984A>G ADM gene polymorphism does not seem to be associated with idiopathic RM
Histopathological Review of Male Breast Cancer Cases
Authors: Emel Ebru Pala  , Zubeyde Yildirim  , Ulku Kucuk  , Ebru Cakir  , Nilay Senkorkmaz  , Umit Bayol
Published: February 2025

Objective: Male breast cancer (MBC) accounts for less than 1% of all breast cancer diagnoses and all cancer cases in men. Methods: We included 33 MBC cases and analyzed histopathological features and survival data. Results: The mean age was 63.5, mean tumor diameter was 3 cm. Central quadrants (69.2%) was most common localization, invasive ductal carcinoma (75.8%) was most common histological subtype. Most of the cases (78.6%) were grade 2. Nipple involvement was noted in 9, tumor necrosis in 9, perineural invasion in 15, dermal lymphatic emboli in 10 cases. Nearly half of the cases (45.5%) showed lymph node metastasis. There was statistically significant relation between lymph node metastasis and stromal lymphocyte response, tumor necrosis (p=0.008, p=0.013) also between grade and dermal lymphatic emboli (p=0.04). Non-tumoral parenchymal findings were columnar cell lesions (CCL), (n: 5) and gynaecomastia (n: 3). Majority of the cases showed estrogen receptor (90.9%) and progesterone receptor (77.2%) positivity. Overall survival analysis showed significant results between grade (p=0.008), lymph node metastasis (p=0.03), dermal lymphatic tumor emboli (p=0.02), nipple involvement (p=0.02) and survival. Conclusions: Our results showed good correlation with literature data in terms of histopathological features and prognostic factors. Confidential data about etiological and prognostic factors will be collected through these reports showing institutional experiences. The significance of CCL in MBC etiology, the impact of intratumoral stromal lymphocyte response, hormone receptor-HER2 status on survival should be clarified in larger series
The analysis of Doppler flow alterations in intrauterine growth restricted pregnancies
Authors: Burcu Artunc Ulkumen  , H. Gursoy Pala  , Fatma Eskicioglu  , Yesim Baytur
Published: February 2025

Objective: Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) is a common clinical condition. For some clinicians, it is still not clear which patients should be referred to a tertiary center. In this study, we aimed to analyse the sonographic parameters of IUGR suspected pregnancies and find out which finding is the most sensitive in the diagnosis of IUGR. Methods: Doppler flow findings and biometric measurements of 50 IUGR suspected pregnancies admitted to our perinatology outpatient clinic between March 2013 and March 2014 were evaluated. 60 healthy singleton pregnancies were assigned as the control group. The same measurement were performed and compared. The diagnosis of IUGR was made on one of the followings: AC measurement ? 10 p, uterine artery RI ?0.58, the fetal growth rate ? 10 p, fetal weight ? 10 p. Gestational week was calculated regarding the last menstrual period and confirmed with the first trimester ultrasonographic findings. Results: In IUGR and control group, maternal age was 26.63 ± 5.19 and 29.48 ± 5.79, respectively (p=0.327); gravida was 1.74 ± 0.99 and 2.13 ± 1.51 (p=0.290); parity was 0.63 ± 0.89 and 0.98 ± 0.49, (p=0.703); gestational week was 34.82 ± 3.27 and 34.21 ± 4.07 (p=0.70), respectively. Umbilical artery PI was 1.51 ± 0.96 in IUGR group and 1.00 ± 0.22 in control group (p1 and umbilical artery PI >0.95 have the highest sensitivity for IUGR (Sensitivity 82% and 80%; specificity 56% and 44%, respectively). Oligohydramnios and UA/MCA PI ratio were shown to have the highest specificity (specificity 70%).
Familial Recurrent Hydatidiform Moles: A rare case report
Authors: Fatma Eskicioglu  , Isin Kaya  , Esra Bahar Gur  , Guluzar Arzu Turan
Published: February 2025

Recurrent hydatidiform moles (RHM) are described as the being of at least two molar pregnancies in the same patient. It is very rare. NLPR7 mutations are found high rate in patients with RHM. KHDC3L is the second responsible gene for RHM. In this paper, we present an interesting case of a familial RHM. Here, we have discussed the genetic counseling to be given to a patient who had been diagnosed as hydatidiform mole in her two previous pregnancies and whose sister had a history of four consecutive molar pregnancies. Because rate of NLPR7 mutation is high in individuals with recurrent molar pregnancy, patients should be recommended to have NLRP7 gene sequence analysis in the first place. If no mutation is detected in this gene, KHDC3l gene sequence analysis should be carried out
Every high prolactin level does not require treatment!
Authors: Eskicioglu Fatma
Published: February 2025

Hyperprolactinemia is a condition of elevated prolactin levels in blood. Pathological hyperprolactinemi presents as oligomenorrhea, amenorrhea, galactorrhea, decreased libido, infertility, and decreased bone mass. The prevalence of hyperprolactinemia ranges from 0.4% in general adult population to as high as 9-17% in women with reproductive diseases [1]. Hyperprolactinemia is usually defined as fasting levels of above 25 ng/ml in women at least 2 hours after waking up [2]. Unless the prolactin levels are markedly elevated, measurement of prolactin should be repeated before defining the patient as hyperprolactinemic. One normal value should be accepted as normal, other raised one should be disregarded. The conditions such as non-fasting sample, excessive exercise, history of drug intake, chest wall surgery or trauma, renal disease, cirrhosis can raise prolactin levels. If prolactin level is below 50 ng/ml, these situations should be excluded. The condition, known as macroprolactinemia, which is elevated prolactin levels but lack of clinical symptoms is due to the big variants of prolactin molecule (macroprolactin) which have poor or no biological effect and do not require any treatment [3]. Macroprolactin is mostly a complex of PRL with immunoglobulin G, especially anti-prolactin autoantibodies. Macroprolactinemia, rise of macroprolactin level, is found in 10-25% of women with hyperprolactinemia. Hyperprolactinemia mostly existed in macroprolactinemic patients are due to the retarded clearance of autoantibody-bound prolactin. Currently, polyethylene-glycol- (PEG) precipitation method is a gold standard for the diagnosis of macroprolactinemia (4). As a result, macroprolactinemia should be considered in normally ovulating women who have high prolactin levels. Neither treatments nor further investigations are recommended if free PRL concentrations after precipitating macroprolactin with PEG are normal. We know that macroprolactin has poor or no biological activity and pregnancy is even possible without any treatment for macroprolactinemia
The role of -1984A> G adrenomedullin gene polymorphism in tubal ectopic pregnancy
Authors: Eskicioglu Fatma , Ulucay Safiye , Batir Muhammet Burak , Ulkumen Burcu , Hasdemir Pinar Solmaz , Taskent Semih , Cam Sirri
Published: February 2025

Objective: Tubal ectopic pregnancy is a health issue that can cause maternal death in first trimester and our knowledge about its pathogenesis is limited. Adrenomedullin (ADM) is responsible from regulation of ciliary motility in fallopian tubes. Its expression is known to be reduced in tubal tissue in ectopic pregnancy. In this study, it was aimed to investigate the relationship between -1984A>G functional polymorphism affecting the expression level of the ADM gene and tubal ectopic pregnancies. Material and Methods: This prospective case-control study consisted of 64 women. Peripheral blood samples were obtained from 31 women diagnosed with tubal pregnancy (the study group) and 33 fertile women without a history of ectopic pregnancy (the control group). Genomic DNA was extracted from peripheral blood. The frequency of genotypes and alleles of â"1984A>G ADM (rs3814700) gene polymorphism was examined by polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR/RFLP) method. Results: For -1984A>G polymorphism the study group had an A allele frequency of 90% and a G allele frequency of 10%; the control group had an A allele frequency of 91.7% and a G allele frequency of 7.3% (p=0.75). AA genotype frequency was 80% and AG allele frequency was 20% in the study group while they were 83.3% and 16.7%, respectively, in the control group (p=0.73). There were no significant differences between the study and control groups with respect to allele and genotype frequencies. Conclusion: This study found no significant relationship between tubal ectopic pregnancy and -1984A>G ADM gene polymorphism. Further studies are needed to explore other factors that affect ADM expression.
Pre and post-operative oxidative stress level in cases with ovarian neoplasia
Authors: Bilici Mustafa , Numan Cim  , Demir Halit
Published: February 2025

Objective: The aim of this study is to analyze the serum antioxidant enzyme activities and oxidative stress levels in patients with ovarian neoplasia. Oxidative stress is considered to play a role in the pathogenesis of many diseases such as cancer, diabetes and heart condition. Antioxidants are involved in the removal of carcinogen lipid soluble radicals produced by lipid peroxidation. Material and Methods: In his study, pre and post-operative serum glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), serum catalase (CAT) activity, and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were investigated in the patient with with ovarian neoplasia. Results: The reduced serum glutathione (GSH) activity was observed to decrease in patients with ovarian cancer (p
Extreme pulmonary artery aneurysm with thrombosis
Authors: Copkiran Ozge , Akcay Salaheddin , Sarıgül Cagri Ozben , Ozdemir Ibrahim , Tarhan Serdar
Published: February 2025

A 52-year-old male patient had a right humorous fracture 6 weeks before seeking surgical treatment. On transthoracic echocardiography, the pulmonary artery aneurysm was measured, at its widest point, to be approximately 9.07 cm in diameter with a thrombus inside the main pulmonary artery. Thoracic computerized tomography confirmed the presence of an aneurysm in the main pulmonary artery of approximately 9.05 cm diameter with a thrombus involving the right main pulmonary artery.
Urinary tract infections in newborns
Authors: Bilgili Gökmen , Yüksel Mehmet Bilgehan
Published: February 2025

The incidence of neonatal urinary tract infection (UTI) varies from 0.1 to 1% of all infants, and its frequency is inversely proportional to birth weight [1]. Neonatal UTI presents different features than those observed in other age groups for several reasons, including higher prevalence, male sex predominance, and most importantly higher risk of urosepsis [2]. As the symptoms of a UTI in a neonate, such as irritability, poor feeding and vomiting are generalized, the clinician should have a high index of suspicion. The best correlates of infection in infants with UTI were found to be a body temperature greater than 38o C and uncircumcised males [3]. Escherichia coli is the most likely pathogen, but Klebsiella pneumoniae, Enterobacter spp., Enterococcus spp., Pseudomonas spp., Candida spp. and coagulase-negative staphylococci have  to be considered in nosocomial UTI as well [1-3]. A positive blood culture is reported in 12.4% of cases, and nosocomial UTI is nearly twice likely to result in urosepsis compared with community-acquired UTI [2]. Bladder puncture or transurethral catheter is recommended for urine sampling in neonates to avoid urinary contamination. Parenteral antibiotic regimen, including a combination of a third-generation cephalosporin or aminoglycoside with ampicillin for a total of 7-14 days should be commenced urgently in the suspicion of pyelonephritis following urine sampling for culture. Vancomycin and an aminoglycoside should be considered for nosocomial UTI. In the light of the results of sensitivity testing, a single-antibiotic coverage, if possible, should be considered [1-3]. The presence of high-grade reflux, severe urinary obstruction, and recurrent pyelonephritis mandates antibacterial prophylaxis, however its efficiency has not yet been proven [2]. Radiological studies have to be undertaken once a diagnosis of UTI has been made. An abnormal renal ultrasound is reported in around one third of cases, and vesicoureteral reflux is observed in nearly one fourth during voiding cystourethrogram (VCUG).
The urine should be sterile while performing a VCUG [2, 3]. Gram-negative antibiotic resistance is emerging worldwide and outbreaks have occurred in neonatal units due to multi-resistant gram-negative bacteria [4]. To overcome this problem in the case of a UTI, urine cultures should be appropriately obtained, and the treatment should be tailored based on sensitivity results; antibiotic prophylaxis should be spared to aforementioned high-risk groups, while emphasizing the importance of compliance; and pediatric-specific antibiograms should be used [5].
Finally, evidence-based guidelines for the diagnosis and management of UTI in febrile infants aged less than 2 months are lacking, and urgently required [2].
The contribution to studies of the effect of β-glucan on plasma viscosity in a rat sepsis model
Authors: Ercan Meltem , Ozdemir Semra
Published: February 2025

Objective: Sepsis is a complex pathophysiological process that involves both alterations in the microcirculation and changes in the biochemical and physiological characteristics of the blood constituents and hyperdynamic syndrome characterized by maldistribution of blood flow. Plasma viscosity is a major determinant of capillary blood flow through the microcirculation. β-glucan is accepted to be one of the most powerful immune response modifiers. The aim of this study was to investigate the possible protective effect of β-glucan on the levels of plasma viscosity and malondialdehyde (MDA), after rats was exposed to sepsis.
Methods: Sepsis was induced by cecal ligation and perforation (CLP) in 14 male Wistar albino rat. To evaluate this, rats were divided into four groups as sham operated, β-glucan treated sham operated, CLP and β-glucan treated CLP. Sixteen hours after operation, rats were decapitated and MDA, plasma viscosity levels were measured.
Results: Plasma viscosity represented, 1.30±0.12 mPa.s in CLP group and 1.35±0.09 mPa.s in CLP+β-glucan group. In the CLP group, MDA levels were found to be higher than in control group. When CLP group compared with CLP+β-glucan group, no significant statistical differences were observed in the levels of plasma viscosity and MDA.
Conclusion: Our results seem that the given dose of β-glucan was probably insufficient to prevent sepsis induced plasma viscosity.
Lead analysis of air pollution in Istanbul utilizing by the vehicle cabin air filters
Authors: Alkan Fatma Ateş , Korpinar Mehmet
Published: February 2025

Objective: Lead that are common in nature and widely consumed through industry and transportation are leading metals that cause toxicity in humans and other living organisms. The cabin air filters are made out of paper with many layers having the ability to capture particles with nearly one micron size or higher. Aim of this study is to search the trace element pollution in the air, in different regions by analyzing lead concentration in cabin filters of 10 different vehicle marks, obtained from various auto services in the city of Istanbul-Turkey.
 Methods: All collected filters were initially resolved in the HCl and HNO3 mixture. Lead levels that had been adsorbed in filters were measured by Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS). Results of the study were further analyzed by region where the sample air filters were originally collected.
 Results: According to our findings, it has been observed that lead levels in 5th region are maximum compared to the other regions of Istanbul-Turkey.
 Conclusion: This fact concludes that the used vehicle cabin air filters are one of the best sources to get information about air quality and pollution levels. The results of this research exemplifies and concludes that utilizing replaced cabin filters is an efficient and effective method to measure heavy metals pollution in big cities such as Istanbul, Turkey.
 Keywords: Heavy Metals, Cabin air filters, Lead (Pb), air pollution Istanbul-Turkey
Transient ischemic attack after Mesobuthus gibbosus envenomation
Authors: Golcuk Yalcin , Ozsarac Murat , Bilge Adnan , Golcuk Burcu , Cinar Bilge Piri , Hayran Mustafa
Published: February 2025

Endometriosis Mesobuthus gibbosus is a medically important venomous scorpion in western of Turkey which causes significant morbidity. Envenoming of this species scorpion results with varying degrees of local symptoms and clinically important systemic effects. This case describes an authenticated first case of transient ischemic attack in a 68 year-old-woman following envenoming by M. gibbosus in Turkey.
The relation of Hereditery Multiple Exostoses and trace elements
Authors: Alkan Fatma Ates , Ergun Dilek , Ozbosaci Nural , Tarhan Duygu , Kurt Bahar Ozturk , Babacan Muharrem , Barutcu Umit
Published: February 2025

Introduction: Hereditery multiple exostoses (HME) is a rarely autosomal dominant bone tumoral disorder; which is characterized by abnormal ossification especially at long bones. The common symptoms are bone pain, joint movement limitation, malign degeneration, vessel and neuron impression and asymmetry of extremities. 
Material and Methods: A 26-year-old male patient (weight 60 kg, height 170 cm) who admitted  to Department of Orthopedics Out-patient Clinic at Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty in July 2013 had been suffering from bone pain and prominences in different parts of his body for 20 years. Other individuals diagnosed with HME were reported in his family history.  The association of a group of trace elements of the patient was analysed at the Department of Biophysics.
Conclusion: Until this time there have been no investigation about the association of HME and trace elements. The level of trace elements that play crucial roles in all systems especially bone and renal metabolism should be kept in mind in evaluation of HME patients. For this purpose, familial and environmental trace element level determination would be one of our projects in this study.
Element intoxication by marine food
Authors: Alkan Fatma , Koksal Mehmet Ethem , Ergun Dilek , Karis Denizhan , Ozsobaci Nural Pastaci , Barutcu Umit Bora
Published: February 2025

Introduction: Pollution is a deformation of the natural condition of the earth with physical, chemical, and biological factors. Environmental pollution suppresses life balance and has a negative effect on living and the ecosystem with its effects on the food chain.  Toxic metal pollution easily enters to the food chain and accumulates in the living body. Marine species are intensely exposed to toxic metals, because of its habitats and feeding habits, and metals accumulate in their body.
Case: A 56-year-old obese male patient attended to Ortakent-Yahsi Family Health Center (Bodrum, Mugla, Turkey) with the symptoms of palpitation, constipation, long-term muscle contraction in January 2014. VEGA test resulted in toxic load accumulation. The pre-treatment and inter-treatment blood / serum levels of a group of trace / toxic elements were measured with Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometer (ICP - OES) at Istanbul University Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Biophysics Department. Neural therapy and chelation therapy were initiated to the patient by his doctor at Yahsi Family Health Center in February 2014.
Conclusion: There is limited data related with the trace / toxic contamination of marine food in humans. The evaluation of trace and toxic elements might have significant value in diagnosis, treatment and follow-up of the individuals in contaminated environment and especially in seafood consumers.
Esthetic Rehabilitation of Congenitally Missing Laterals and Decidious Canines with Direct Restorative Approach: A Case Report
Authors: Bayrak Isil , Tiryaki Murat , Karakoc Pinar
Published: February 2025

Congenitally missing lateral incisors and persistent deciduous canines severely compromise esthetic appearance due to their strategic positions in the smile. Several treatment procedures have been proposed to rehabilitate this esthetic deficiency. With the recent improvements in adhesive dentistry and dental resin composites, the material is successfully used to restore anterior teeth in which the esthetic is primarily important. This case report illustrates the dental esthetic rehabilitation of an adolescent patient with diastemata resulted from hypodontia of upper lateral incisors and persistent upper decidious canines via direct composite veneers. In 12-month clinical follow-up, all restorations were preserving their integrity and no notable discoloration was observed.
This article presents that direct composite veneers are the most conservative, low cost, achievable in one-session treatment option for the rehabilitation of dental esthetics disfigured by both diastemata depending on hypodontia of lateral incisors and persistent decidious canines.
A phosphate enema-associated chemical colitis
Authors: Yildar Murat , Basbug Murat , Cavdar Faruk
Published: February 2025

Enemas are widely used in patients with poor colon cleansing in preparation for colonoscopy. Although they are regarded as having minimal side-effects, enemas can give rise to severe side-effects due to the chemical substances they sometimes contain. We report a case of ischemic colitis emerging in association with enema use during preparation for colonoscopy in a 45-year-old woman who was performed rectal resection due to ischemia-related stricture
A case of intracranial migration and rapid spontaneous resolution of traumatic acute subdural hematoma
Authors: Yuksel Melih , Saglam Caner , Goktekin Mehmet , Tas Mahmut , Mesut Abdullah
Published: February 2025

Traumatic acute subdural hematoma (ASDH) is one of the most destructive forms of traumatic brain injury (TBI), involving estimated mortality rates of 40-60% . Traumatic ASDH is a frequently seen life-threatening condition requiring emergency intervention. Spontaneous resolution and migration of ASDH are both rare entities, the causes of which are still not fully understood. The few existing cases in the literature of both rapid spontaneous resolution of SDH and of subdural migration are generally in the form of case reports. Publications concerning migration of SDH mainly involve migration to the lumbar region. We encountered no previous reports of intracranial migration of ASDH accompanied by rapid spontaneous resolution.
 This report describes a case of intracranial migration and spontaneous resolution within 24 h in a 61-year-old male patient with traumatic Traumatic acute subdural hematoma (ASDH), together with a discussion of the relevant mechanisms.
Study of Matrix Gla Protein G-7A and T-138C Gene Polymorphisms in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Yukcu Fulya , Sipahi Tammam , Guldiken Sibel , Huseyin Serhat , Bilir Betul Ekiz
Published: February 2025

Objective: Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a major risk factor for aortic calcifications and cardiovascular disease (CVD).  Matrix Gla proteins (MGP) have a significant role in control of the process of calcification. The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of MGP G-7A and T-138C gene polymorphisms in development of aortic calcification and CVD in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Material and Methods: The study included 120 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and 134 control group. The MGP G-7A and T-138C gene polymorphisms were identified using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and followed by restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) methods.
Results: The G-7A genotype distribution in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus AA=10.8%, GA=41.7% and GG=47.5% did not significantly differ from those in control group AA=15.7%, GA=48.5% and GG=35.8% (P=0.146). The T-138C genotype distribution in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus CC=8.4%, CT=40.8% and TT=50.8% were also not significantly different from those in control group CC=3.7%, CT=39.6% and TT=56.7% (P=0.259). On the other hand; age, fasting blood glucose (FBG), cholesterol, high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) as expected were significantly differed between the patient-control groups (p<0.05).
Conclusion: This patient-control study show that G-7A and T-138C gene polymorphisms of MGP are not genetic risk factors for type 2 diabetes mellitus.