bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Stevens-Johnson Syndrome – clinical symptoms, etiology, pathophysiology and medical treatment - a review of the literature
Authors: Szymkiewicz Karolina , Marczak Aleksandra , Hordejuk Michalina , Hyjek Michał
Published: November 2022

Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS) is a rare disease of the skin and mucous membrane. It develops as a result of a sudden skin reaction, which is most often triggered by the use of certain drugs. It is characterized by acute epidermal necrosis.
The syndrome can lead to many complications and death. Currently, there are no guidelines and management schematics for this disease. Treatment has changed over the years due to the discovery of the possible pathomechanism of SJS. Nevertheless, because of the rarity of the disease, there is a lack of adequate prospective randomized studies that could provide valuable information on treatment. 
 
Objective:
The purpose of this study was to present Stevens-Johnson syndrome, including clinical features, etiology, pathomechanism, complications and treatment.
 
Methods:
A literature search was performed in the PubMed medical publication database using the following keywords: Stevens-Johnson syndrome, acute drug-induced skin reaction, cutaneous adverse drug reactions.
 
Results:
Stevens-Johnson syndrome is an example of an acute cutaneous reaction to certain medicinal substances. The pathomechanism is not fully understood. There is an association of genetics with the risk of developing symptoms of the syndrome in selected populations. Treatment formerly was based on glucocorticosteroids, but now IVIG (intravenous immune globulin) is used. Dehydration, pneumonia or sepsis may develop as a complication of the syndrome.
 
 
Conclusions:
The discovery of a genetic predisposition to develop Stevens-Johnson syndrome offers the possibility of future effective disease prevention.
It is necessary to create medical procedure schemes for the diagnosis and treatment of this disorder. The discovery of the possible pathomechanism has allowed the use of IVIG in the treatment of the syndrome. Effective and prompt diagnosis and treatment can prevent life-threatening complications and death from SJS.
Post-traumatic Arthritic Stiff Knee in a Malunited Distal Femur Fracture Treated with Total Knee Arthroplasty – A Case Report
Authors: Bhaskaran Sinukumar , Gadod Lalkar Laxman
Published: November 2022

Introduction: : Post-traumatic knee arthritis is defined as any structural osteochondral damage to the knee after an injury. About 12% cases of symptomatic osteoarthritis of the knee mainly due to post-traumatic arthritis. Primary total knee arthroplasty in a post-traumatic arthritic stiff knee with a malunited distal femur fracture is a technically difficult procedure due to secondary deformity, poor bone quality, bone loss, ligament incompetence, tissue adhesion, and stiffness. Case Report: A 65-year-old male presented with chief complaints of pain and stiffness in the left knee for 15 years. On inspection no scar, sinuses, and dilated veins on palpation, tenderness was present over both the medial and lateral joint lines. Radiographs of the left knee in anteroposterior and lateral views were taken, which showed united distal femur fracture with Grade 4 Kellegren Lawrence knee arthritis. Due to severe knee stiffness and with the patient demanding early mobilization and functional knee ROM, total knee arthroplasty with intra-articular and extra-articular adhesion release was planned for the patient. Conclusion: In cases of post-traumatic arthritis with severe stiffness, total knee arthroplasty is a viable option in providing good pain relief with excellent functional improvement; however, the procedure is technically more demanding.
Management of a Displaced Pathological Fracture in the Proximal Humerus of a Patient with Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Rare Case Report
Authors: Rajani Amyn M , Rajani Kareena , Mittal Anmol RS , Shah Urvil A , Rajani Khushi A , Rajani Kashish A
Published: November 2022

Introduction: Pathological fractures in pediatric age group are most commonly secondary to bone tumors. Management of such cases in patients with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is complicated by the prevalence of low bone mineral density (BMD) in these patients. Case Report: Through this case, we report a 13-year-old male diagnosed with autism spectrum disease, who was brought by his parents with a history of trivial trauma and gross deformity of the left humerus. On plain radiography, a displaced fracture in the foreground of a lytic, cystic lesion was noted which on magnetic resonance imaging was confirmed to be metadiaphyseal unicameral bone cyst. The patient underwent extensive curettage, allograft impaction, and definitive fixation by a locking compression plate. Following a relatively extended period of immobilization, he was started on range of motion exercises followed by strengthening. He was able to return to his pre-operative activity levels at 14 weeks postoperatively. At 1-year postoperatively, the patient achieved excellent clinical and radiological outcomes, without any signs of failure, complications, or signs of recurrence. Conclusion: Management of pathological fractures in pediatric patients with ASD can be challenging due to the associated low BMD and potential non-compliance from the patient’s end. Such cases are best treated with open curettage, allograft impaction, and definitive fixation by locking compression plate, even if present in a non-weight bearing bone.
Compound Dorsal Ganglion: A Rare Masquerade of Tuberculosis
Authors: Mukkamalla Sai Kumar Reddy , Vijitha B , Reddy M Divya Prasad , Rao H Umanatha
Published: November 2022

Introduction: Compound dorsal ganglion of tubercular etiology involving the dorsum aspect of wrist is a rare entity. It is very rarely seen lately, due to early diagnosis and effective treatment regimen and this case is probably the first to be reported involving the dorsum aspect of wrist. Case Report: This case report presents a 54-year-old male patient presented to us complaints of swelling and pain in dorsum of hand and wrist for 6 months. On examination, we found multiple swellings on Rt. dorsum of hand and dorsal aspect of wrist restriction of movements at wrist. After thorough clinical and radiological evaluation, patient has been posted for excision biopsy and confirmed as compound dorsal ganglion. Conclusion: Compound dorsal ganglion is a disease with great diagnostic challenge due to its masquerade clinical presentation and confirmed by histopathological examination. Early diagnosis, complete debulking, and antitubercular therapy prevent further spread of disease and improves the patient functionally.
Catheter-associated urinary tract infections: Etiological analysis, biofilm formation, antibiotic resistance, and a novel therapeutic era of phage
Authors: Shahriar Asif , Rob Siddiquee Mohd. Faijanur , Ahmed Hossain , Mahmud Aar Rafi , Ahmed Tasnia , Mahmud Md. Rayhan , Acharjee Mrityunjoy
Published: November 2022

Urinary tract infection (UTI) caused by uropathogens has put global public health at its utmost risk, especially in developing countries where people are unaware of personal hygiene and proper medication. In general, the infection frequently occurs in the urethra, bladder, and kidney, as reported by the physician. Moreover, many UTI patients whose acquired disorder from the hospital or health-care center has been addressed previously have been referred to as catheter-associated UTI (CAUTI). Meanwhile, the bacterial biofilm triggering UTI is another critical issue, mostly by catheter insertion. In most cases, the biofilm inhibits the action of antibiotics against the UTI-causing bacteria. Therefore, new therapeutic tools should be implemented to eliminate the widespread multidrug resistance (MDR) UTI-causing bacteria. Based on the facts, the present review emphasized the current status of CAUTI, its causative agent, clinical manifestation, and treatment complications. This review also delineated a model of phage therapy as a new therapeutic means against bacterial biofilm-originated UTI. The model illustrated the entire mechanism of destroying the extracellular plyometric substances of UTI-causing bacteria with several enzymatic actions produced by phage particles. This review will provide a complete outline of CAUTI for the general reader and create a positive vibe for the researchers to sort out alternative remedies against the CAUTI-causing MDR microbial agents.
An account on promising alternative system of medicine to boost immunity
Authors: Sasikala K , Reema Kumari M
Published: November 2022

One has to build up the immune system in order to fight against the pathogens. Nowadays, due to the sedentary life style and stressful life severe health issues occur. By increasing the number of physical activities one can reduce the effect of it. The present study outlines how to improve the immune system by Alternate Traditional System of Medicine. Details on some of the plant-based immunity boosters are provided here to help prevent and fight against infection. The methods adopted to administrate the medicines are in the form of decoction, concoction or extraction. For a healthy immune system, a plant product or a combination of products such as spices, fruits, vegetables are used. A healthy life style along with a balanced diet could support and boost one’s immune system.
Existence of ground state solutions for critical quasilinear Schrödinger equations with steep potential well
Authors: Xue Yan-Fang , Zhong Xiao-Jing , Tang Chun-Lei
Published: November 2022

We study the existence of solutions for the quasilinear Schrödinger equation with the critical exponent and steep potential well. By using a change of variables, the quasilinear equations are reduced to a semilinear one, whose associated functionals satisfy the geometric conditions of the Mountain Pass Theorem for suitable assumptions. The existence of a ground state solution is obtained, and its concentration behavior is also considered.
Achieving excellent oxidation resistance and mechanical properties of TiB2–B4C/carbon aerogel composites by quick-gelation and mechanical mixing
Authors: Li Pengfei , Shi Minxian , Deng Zongyi , Han Pengkun , Yang Tingli , Hu Rui , Dong Chuang , Wang Rui , Ding Jie
Published: November 2022

Thermal protection system (TPS) is of great significance to launch hypersonic flight and landing process of hypersonic vehicles, which can effectively shield the hypersonic vehicle from severe aerodynamic heating encountered. Phenolic aerogels play an important role in TPS due to their characteristics of low density, high porosity, and low thermal conductivity. However, phenolic aerogel is easy to be oxidized at elevated temperatures under oxidizing environments, which severely limits its large-scale application as thermal insulation materials in TPS. In this study, a novel TiB2–B4C/carbon (TB/C) aerogel composite was synthesized by introducing TiB2 and B4C particles into phenolic aerogels through quick-gelation and mechanical mixing. The developed aerogel composites were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared, thermal analysis, etc., to evaluate their microstructure, oxidation resistance, and mechanical properties. Experimental evidence showed that TiB2 and B4C particles reacted with the oxygen-containing molecules to form TiO2–B2O3 layer, which effectively improved oxidation resistance and mechanical properties of phenolic aerogel composites.
MacArthur’s need for speed: Why Fuller was fired at Biak
Authors: Hall Mary T.
Published: November 2022

The US campaign for Biak in 1944 was one of the most challenging, albeit little known, operations of the Pacific war. Major General Horace Fuller’s HURRICANE Task Force faced a tenacious enemy determined to hold the island’s three airfields at all costs. Grossly underestimating the number of Japanese defenders on Biak, MacArthur and Kreuger allocated Fuller only two regimental combat teams for the initial invasion in May 1944. Once ashore, the US troops encountered a shift in Japanese tactics from defending at the water’s edge to using inland fukkaku, honeycombed underground defensive positions that masked Japanese troops and artillery. When the task force failed to deliver the airfields as quickly as desired by General Douglas MacArthur, Lieutenant General Walter Krueger relieved Fuller as task force commander and replaced him with Lieutenant General Robert Eichelberger. This article contends that Krueger did not have good cause to relieve Fuller; rather, he simply did so to placate MacArthur, who, for a multitude of reasons, pressured Krueger for a fast victory. I assess flaws in the planning and execution of the operation, MacArthur’s motives, and personality dynamics between MacArthur and Krueger to support my conclusion that Fuller was ultimately a victim of MacArthur’s impatience.
Multilingualism in the Banat: A Focus on Intellectual Perspectives through the Analysis of Literary Works
Authors: Laihonen Petteri
Published: November 2022

The Banat has been one of Europe’s most multilingual regions since the 18thcentury. From the 19thcentury European intellectuals have been engaged in building nations, which has resulted in the marginalization of multilingualism in many forms. The monolingual literary novel has been described as one of the important instruments in this process. Phenomena remaining resistant to this idea are brought into focus through the analysis of multilingualism in four novels written by authors from the Banat. In this manner, the chances of multilingualism in the context of national cultures and intellectuals are examined. As a conclusion, it is argued that the multiplicity of languages in literature presents an opportunity for a better cross-cultural understanding.
Imagining Borderlands and Remembering Multilingualism: The Adriatic Trilogy of Nedjeljko Fabrio
Authors: Czerwiński Maciej
Published: November 2022

The article analyses multilingual and multicultural diversity in the narrative prose of the Croatian writer Nedjeljko Fabrio. Set in the borderlands of Dalmatia and Kvarner, Fabrio’s novels evoke the lives of people belonging to different ethnic and speech communities – Croats, Italians, Austrians, Serbs, Yugoslavs, or as yet to be defined individuals – from the beginning of the 19th c. until today. Staging ‘weak protagonists’ rather than ‘strong heroes’ and inclining to sociolects and dialects rather than to standard language, his novels create a universe in which the characters’ individual experience counters Croatian national narratives. Fabrio’s narratives suggest that multilingual settings might either lead to conflicts between ethnic groups or to reconciliation between them. Ignoring social rules, individuals join other communities, moving up and down the class ladder. Such mésalliances result in complex genealogical trees out of which a hybrid culture emerges. Through allegorical transfer, the author signals the possibility of reconciliation between different conflicted communities.
Du français médiévaltravail(lier)à l’anglaistravel: parcours d’un régionalisme sémantique
Authors: Bragantini-Maillard Nathalie
Published: November 2022

The lexemetravail(lier), well-known in Medieval French, pertains in limited use to the notion of travel, in the specific sense of ʻ(to) travelʼ. Our work shows that this precise meaning could be identified as a regionalism that first appeared in Anglo-Norman during the second half of the 12thcentury, quickly spreading on the continent to the other regional areas of the Oïl territory. Adopted in Middle English by the end of the 13thcentury, it survives in Modern English astraveland its derivatives. The present paper recounts the journey of this semantic regionalism during the past centuries, establishes a syntactic-semantic synthesis of its different uses and formulates a hypothesis on the modalities of its origin.
The eschatological afterlife and the soul’s immortality in Berceo’s “El prior y el sacristán”
Authors: Riva Fernando
Published: November 2022

This study proposes that Gonzalo de Berceo’s “El prior y el sacristán”, the twelfth miracle in the collection known asMilagros de Nuestra Señora, is a rejection of heretical beliefs based on interpretations of Aristotelian thought, which flourished throughout Europe in the thirtheenth century. These ideas, for example, questioned the immortality of the soul as proposed by rationalists thinkers who were heavily influenced by Aristotelian philosophy in an interpretation following Averroes’s commentaries, which started being translated into Latin in the first half of the thirtheenth century. Aristotelian ideas, particularly those derived from thelibri naturales, were condemned as early as 1210 and 1215, when the Iberian origin of some of their protagonists were explicitly addressed by Parisian ecclesiastical authorities. Berceo’s response, based on Augustinian ideas on the soul’s life after death, is an indication of the Iberian participation in a broader discourse against Aristotelianism. Thus, “El prior y el sacristán” situates Berceo’s work in the larger European context of the thirtheenth century. Finally, Berceo’s main point of departure for his response is found in eschatology, which he elaborates following Julian of Toledo’sPrognosticon futuri saeculi(c. 688).
El clítico femenino la/las en las expresiones lexicalizadas del español: nueva propuesta de análisis diacrónico
Authors: Wang Ziwen
Published: November 2022

This paper deals with a set of idiomatic expressions in Spanish which typically display a non-referential feminine clitic la/las as a constituent (e.g. pasarla bien ‘to have a good time’). In opposition to the conventional mainstream theories, which account for the non-referential status of this clitic by the ellipsis of a previously existing feminine NP (e.g. cosa, ocasión), I will argue that this lexicalized feminine clitic la/las can be diachronically related to the Latin neuter plural demonstrative illa denoting abstract discourse referents, and thus its apparent non-referentiality should be viewed as a kind of global anaphor. On the basis of Ojeda (1993)’s Mereological Taxonomy of Kinds and the typological evidence reported by Espinal (2009), I will suggest that in these constructions the feminine clitic la/las expresses the so-called «conceptional neuterality» and is semantically equivalent to the neuter lo (e.g. pasarlo
/
la bien). Lastly, following Loporcaro’s work on the evolution of the Latin neuter in Romance languages (2018), I will defend that the Latin neuter plural demonstratives (ea, haec, ista, illa) survived into early Hispano-Romance and were preserved in lexicalized constructions due to high token frequency, as also evidenced by additional cross-linguistic data from other Romance languages.
Os Lusíadas, 1572: the exemplars and the editions
Authors: Penafiel André B.
Published: November 2022

The first edition of Os Lusíadas, by Luís de Camões, has long attracted the attention of scholars, and its surviving copies are mysterious objects. Over the years, different hypotheses have been proposed and a range of methodologies employed, in attempts to explain their mysteries. This study is based on the analysis of twenty-five copies, applying techniques from the field of material bibliography. Using mechanical collation, it argues that two different editions were printed, bearing the same date. It proposes a classification system and terminology, which affects the editions, the copies and the sheets which constitute each copy. This study seeks to make an initial contribution to the ongoing debate on the number of editions dated 1572; further observations, which could make the ultimate answer more nuanced, will be published in future.
Elementi orientali nelle lettere di Andrea Berengo (1553–1556)
Authors: Schweickard Wolfgang
Published: November 2022

The letters of the Venetian merchant Andrea Berengo, written in the mid-16th century, are not only a precious testimony of Venetian commercial history, but also a particularly rich source for linguistic and lexicographic studies on Renaissance Venetian. The present paper examines selected oriental elements of Arabic, Turkish and Persian origin from the point of view of historical lexicography. The special linguistic interest of Berengo's letters is confirmed by the fact that most of the terms studied are early or even first attestations in Italian.
Theoretical studies on the nature and conditions of interaction of heel and peripheral nose cones of offset roller cone bits with a bottom hole
Authors: Boreiko D. A. , Lutoev A. A. , Serikov D. Yu.
Published: November 2022

An offset of roller cone rotation centerlines is used to increase the mechanical penetration rate while drilling in soft rocks. This enables increasing the area of a cutting structure teeth contact with a bottom hole. The analysis of offset cone drill bit (cutting structure) teeth wear showed that particularly significant wear is characteristic of the transition zone from the heel cone to the nose cone; which leads to significant reduction in the mechanical rate of penetration and a rapid decrease in the hole diameter. The purpose of this paper is to conduct a theoretical research on the nature and conditions of interaction between heel and peripheral nose cones of offset roller cone bits with a bottom hole; which is aimed at improving the efficiency of rock cutting by offset roller cone bits. To achieve the purpose; the authors analyzed data on the nature and causes of wear of existing offset roller cone bit cutting structure (teeth); developed a mathematical model in a cylindrical coordinate system allowing to determine the location and geometric parameters of the gage cone contact area with the hole wall for different roller cone bits sizes; developed a computer solid model for checking the adequacy of the mathematical model by comparing these two models; prepared recommendations for further improvement of the design of existing offset roller cone bit cutting structure (teeth). The research was carried out by the method of mathematical simulation of geometric figures and bodies corresponding to roller cones and a hole. The research has revealed that significant adjustments need to be made to the geometry of the roller cone teeth (currently being patented). This would allow decreasing the areas of cone heel blunting by 15–20 % as well as providing more prolonged contact of base and gage cones with bottom hole and wall surfaces. This allows to reduce wear of teeth in the transition zone of the generatrix from the peripheral nose cone to the gage (heel) cone of the roller cone and to maintain the required specific pressure on the cut rock for a longer period of time and; as a result; to increase both the mechanical penetration rate and the service life of the drilling tools.
Analytical review of the training system for mining engineers in Russia
Authors: Petrov V. L.
Published: November 2022

Personnel training for the mineral resources sector in Russia has always been one of the most relevant topics for discussion in academic and professional mining community, including the international context. Experts from many countries regularly present their research on the state and achievements of higher education in mining in the national training systems for mining engineers. The purpose of this paper is to analyze and quantify the system of training for mining engineers in Russia. To assess the quantitative characteristics of the training of mining engineers in Russia, the research used methods of analysis based on the objective data of state statistics on the graduation of mining engineers in all universities, as well as admission to the corresponding professions and training programs. Thus, 5,031 mining engineers were trained in Russia in the specialties “Applied Geology”; “Geological Exploration”; “Mining”; “Physical Processes of Mining and Oil and Gas Production” in 2021. 10,789 bachelors and masters were trained under oil and gas directions of training. The results of the analysis are presented in the paper in the context of particular universities, specializations and directions of training of Federal Districts and the country as a whole. The quantitative parameters of personnel training for the mineral resource sector at Russian universities indicate the opportunity for the formation of human resources potential within the higher education system of the industry exclusively at the expense of their own academic schools.
Proposition and application of a method for the characterization of rural areas in the census sectors from the sanitation point of view
Authors: Pinheiro Roberta Vieira Nunes , Chagas Isabela Moura , Basso Reviel Eurico , Nóbrega Juliana Dorn , Bezerra Nolan Ribeiro , Scalize Paulo Sergio
Published: November 2022

Considering the concept of rurality, the need for methods to contextualize the rural areas and the attendance by sanitation services, the goal of this work was to propose and apply a method of characterization in census sectors (CS) of rural areas. For such, a classification method for rural clusters was built, considering the selected criteria based on the Programa Saneamento Brasil Rural (Rural Brazil Sanitation Program) and other technical-scientific literature. The method encompassed three criteria: the identification of clusters and dispersed households, distance from the cluster to the closest urban center (Cucd) and demographic density (Dd). Of all the 115 rural areas in the state of Goiás, it was possible to apply such in 98, as in the remaining 17 the method could not be directly applied, due to the existence of one or more clusters with the presence of households that do not make part of the rural area, that is, non-contiguous households. In a more detailed analysis, four areas were identified where the method could be applied to a group of households. A total of 103 rural areas were numbered, with an average Cucd of 27.7km (SD = 19.42; CV = 0.70), and average Dd of 50.1 inhabitants per square kilometer, in which 118 clusters were detected. Of that total, 6.79% were classified in the CS 1b and 2, 7.77% on 3 and 85.44% on 5 and 7. It was concluded that the method can be applied integrally in a rural area and/or clusters with contiguous households. Lastly, the classification in CS allows for a preliminary analysis of solution propositions for basic sanitation, being them collective and/or individual, centralized and/or decentralized, according to spacial technical criteria.
Apocalypse as a Way of Life
Authors: Fetisov Maxim
Published: November 2022

Book Review: Slavoj Žižek (2020). Pandemic! Covid-19 Shakes the World. London, New York: OR Books; Slavoj Žižek (2020). Pandemic! 2. Chronicles of a Time Lost. London, New York: OR Books; Slavoj Žižek (2021). Heaven in Disorder London, New York: OR Books.
EVALUATION OF INFLAMMATION-RELATED HEMOGRAM PARAMETERS AS A USEFUL MARKER IN PAPILLARY THYROID CARCINOMA
Authors: SÖZEN Mehmet , CANTÜRK Zeynep , SELEK Alev , ÇETİNASLAN Berrin , SEVİNÇ Burcu , GEZER Emre , KÖKSALAN Damla
Published: November 2022

Objective Inflammation-related hemogram parameters have recently started to be defined as a useful marker in cancer patients. In this study, we aimed to comparison of hemogram parameters in papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) patients, well differentiated thyroid tumor of uncertain malignant potential (WDT-UMP) and follicular adenoma (FA). Material and Method The 287 patients’ data were analyzed in study. Study subjects were divided into 5 different groups. 1st group: control, 2nd group: FA, 3rd group: WDT-UMP, 4th group: non-metastatic PTC, 5th group: metastatic PTC. We evaluated the preoperative blood tests. Results The average age was 50 (37-59). The mean TSH value was 1.2 (0.5-2.2) μIU/mL. The mean size of the lesion detected in the total thyroidectomy material was 1.7 (1.0-3.0) cm. White blood cells (WBC), neutrophils and lymphocytes were lower in 3rd group than 4th group (p
Lojistik Regresyon Yöntemi ile Farklı Başarı Düzeyindeki Ülkelerin PISA Başarı Düzeylerini Etkileyen Önemli Değişkenlerin İncelenmesi
Authors: KASAP Yusuf , DOĞAN Nuri , KÖROĞLU Mustafa
Published: November 2022

Bu araştırmada 2018 yılında PISA’ya katılan öğrencilere sınavla verilen öğrenci anketinden elde edilen 34 bağımsız değişken ile farklı başarı düzeyine sahip ülkelerin PISA okuduğunu anlama başarısını yordayabilen değişkenlerin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaç için PISA’ya katılan 79 ülke, başarı yüzdelik sırasına konuldu. Ardından eşit dilimlerle ülkeler alt, orta ve üst dilimler olarak ayrıldı. Yüzdelik dilimlerine alt, orta, üst başarı grubu ülkelerin verileri üzerinden oluşturulan üç ayrı lojistik model ile yapılan analizlerde okuduğunu anlama başarısını yordamada anlamlı değişkenler, 25-28 arasında değişmiştir. Daha sonra oluşturulan modellerin sınıflama performansında dikkate değer düşme olmayacak biçimde ayarlama yapılarak değişken sayısı azaltılıp her bir model için başarıyı en iyi yordayan 10 değişken seçilmiştir. Değişken sayısı azaltılarak oluşturulan modellerle yapılan analiz sonucunda başarıyı yordamada alt, orta, üst başarı grubu ülkeler için, önemli ortak yordayıcıların; evdeki eğitimsel eşyalar, okuma keyfi, sosyo-ekonomik durum indeksi, PISA testinin zorluk algısı, ailenin mal varlığı, yaşamın anlamı ve öğretmenin eğitimi yönlendirmesi değişkenleri olarak belirlenmiştir. Daha sonra, her bir grup için oluşturulan modellerin her birindeki 10 bağımsız değişken ile modellerin PISA okuduğunu anlama başarısını sınıflama ve kestirim performansları hesaplanmıştır.
Same but Different: Variations in Reactions to Digital Transformation Within an Organizational Field
Authors: Noesgaard Mette Strange ,   Aalborg University, Nielsen Jeppe Agger ,   Aalborg University, Jensen Tina Blegind ,   Copenhagen Business School, Mathiassen Lars ,   Georgia State University
Published: November 2022

Researchers and practitioners are increasingly interested in understanding how organizations transform their value propositions and practices using digital technologies. While the extant literature offers important empirical and theoretical insights into digital transformation in individual organizations, we know little about how adopting organizations within an organizational field react differently over time to the same digital transformation initiative. This is unfortunate, as such insights could help scholars and managers understand option repertoires and constraints in handling digital transformation ideas that travel into organizations. Against this backdrop, we had access to a unique case over an eighteen-year period, which shows how organizations within the Danish home care field reacted differently to a nationwide digital transformation initiative on mobile technology use. To analyze this case, we applied virus theory as a promising perspective for examining how and why the same digital technology and transformation idea occasions different reactions in similar contexts. Our analysis highlights the emerging, fluctuating, and consequential nature of digital transformation within the Danish home care field, which has led to very different reactions across adopting organizations. Drawing on this analysis, we contribute to the expanding literature on digital transformation by providing theoretical and practical knowledge about variations regarding how organizations within an organizational field react over time to digital transformation ideas.
Facing Forward: Policy for Automated Facial Expression Analysis
Authors: Mullins Jeffrey K. ,   University of Arkansas, Stewart Patrick A. ,   University of Arkansas, Greitens Thomas J. ,   Central Michigan University
Published: November 2022

The human face is a powerful tool for nonverbal communication. Technological advances have enabled widespread and low-cost deployment of video capture and facial recognition systems, opening the door for automated facial expression analysis (AFEA). This paper summarizes current challenges to the reliability of AFEA systems and challenges that could arise as a result of reliable AFEA systems. The potential benefits of AFEA are considerable, but developers, prospective users, and policy makers should proceed with caution.
Political development Lutytskyi Union (the late X – early XII century)
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Rud Mykola
Published: November 2022

In the article on the basis of narrative sources and special historical literature analyzes the process of emergence, features of political development and decline of the Lutytskyi Union in the late X – early XII centuries. The research is based on the principles of historicism, scientific and authorial objectivity, as well as on the use of general scientific (analysis, synthesis, generalization, comparison) and special-historical (historical-typological, historical-systemic) methods. It is noted that the decisive moment in the formation of the Lutytskyi Union was the uprising of the Polabian-Baltic Slavs in 983, the reason for which was increased tax oppression and the forcible planting of Christianity by German secular and spiritual feudal lords on the territory of Polabia. Specific issues of the political system of the Lutytskyi Union are analyzed. At the same time, the importance of people’s meetings in the social and political life of Lyutichy is emphasized. Most likely, it was a gathering of representatives of tribes, probably heads of small burgh districts, who discussed the main issues of the life of the Lutytskyi Union, under the roof of the temple in Retra. Undoubtedly, the voice of the priesthood was strong at the meeting. The military-diplomatic relations of the Lyutichy people with neighboring peoples, primarily Germans and Poles, during the period under consideration are followed. The conducted analysis allowed the author to establish that the Lutytsky Union, which arose at the end of the 10th century, in order to repel external aggression, was a kind of «aristocratic republic» with rather strong remnants of military democracy. It was established that the Lutychi did not realize the state-consolidating role of Christianity in time. A negative role in the process of forming their statehood was played by pagan religion, which helped the nobility preserve and maintain the disunity of the tribes. It is proved that the integrative role of the Svarozhich cult turned out to be insignificant, it could not compensate for the lack of a strong central power among the Lyutichi. The desire of the caste of priests to usurp power in the Lutyk union led in the middle of the 11th century to the internecine struggle between the tribes that were part of it. This convincingly testifies to the weakness of the Lyutichy confederation as a political organism which became one of the main factors of the enslavement of the Lyutichy in the 12th century German state.
Role of the intestinal microbiota in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis. Part 1. Clinical and experimental evidence for the involvement of the gut microbiota in the development of multiple sclerosis
Authors: Abdurasulova Irina N.
Published: November 2022

The review discusses the complex role of the intestinal microbiota in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis, summarizes data from studies of changes in the composition of the intestinal microbiome in patients with multiple sclerosis, and provides evidence of the involvement of the intestinal microbiota in the development of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis in animals, a valid model of multiple sclerosis.
Ways of spread, detection, clinical course of syphilis and leprosy among the population of the north-eastern districts of Eastern Siberia in the 19th century
Authors: Gaidarov Gaidar  M. , Alekseevskaya Tatyana  I. , Demidova Tatyana  V. , Sofronov Oleg  Yu.
Published: November 2022

BACKGROUND: In the 19th century, the process of annexation of lands in the north-east of the Russian Empire was completed. The influx of newcomers, political exile, criminal hard labor created the prerequisites for an aggravation of the epidemiological situation in the newly annexed territories. The morbidity of the population began to acquire an epidemic character. Syphilis, which spread in the 19th century, leprosy struck foreign communities in the northern and eastern regions of the Pacific Ocean, the Sea of Okhotsk, the Kamchatka Peninsula and the alien population from other territories.
AIM: Systematize, as well as identify certain trends in the prevalence and forms of manifestation of syphilis and leprosy among the population of the north-eastern districts of Eastern Siberia of the 19th century. according to the reporting materials of doctors and authorities of that time. Let us explain: in this article, the authors quote from the documents, preserving (if possible) the style and punctuation of the originals, and also use geographical names and names of territories adopted in the Russian Empire in the 19th century.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: On the basis of archival materials, the article discusses the ways of importation and spread of syphilis among representatives of individual foreign communities, the clinical course and forms of manifestation. The multiplicity of ways of penetration of syphilis to the outskirts of Eastern Siberia is noted. The reports of seconded staff physicians, doctors, paramedics during the examination of the population and the treatment of patients in hospitals provide the first statistical information on the incidence of men, women, their nationality, and the outcome of treatment. The reports of seconded staff physicians, doctors, paramedics during the examination of the population and the treatment of patients in hospitals provide the first statistical information on the incidence of men, women, their nationality, and the outcome of treatment.
RESULTS: The article highlights the issues of studying the role of factors contributing to a high level of the spread of syphilis and leprosy among inorodtsy (indigenous dwellers), describes the symptoms of manifestation, and especially chronic syphilis, and notes the role of unsanitary living conditions and household arrangements in the spread of diseases.
CONCLUSIONS: Observation of the clinical manifestations of syphilis allowed doctors to isolate leprosy as an independent form of the disease, and to investigate its causes. These observations were the basis for the development of measures aimed at stopping the spread of the disease among the population. The beginning of the emergence of medical and police supervision aimed at identifying patients, registering them and treating them is noted.
COVID-19 and its aftereffect on vestibular function
Authors: Pimenova Vera M. , Gvozdeva Alisa  P. , Ryabkova Varvara  A. , Gavrilova Natalia  Yu.
Published: November 2022

BACKGROUND: The pandemic has led to a development of various immunological complications of COVID-19 including the chronic fatigue syndrome and fibromyalgia. These syndromes, which often manifest themselves on a background of autoimmune diseases, may develop with an entrainment of vestibular function into the pathological process.
AIM: Aim of the study was to estimate vestibular function in groups of patients with autoimmune dysfunctions accompanied by the chronic fatigue syndrome and fibromyalgia, who have had COVID-19 and those have not had COVID-19 in their anamnesis, and to compare it with vestibular function of healthy volunteers.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: A functional investigation of vestibular system called Vestibular passport and the anamnesis taking by a standard questionnaire were performed in patients with an implied autoimmune dysfunction and presence of the chronic fatigue syndrome, fibromyalgia and/or postural orthostatic tachycardia, and also for a control group of healthy participants.
RESULTS: Patients who have had COVID-19 in their anamnesis demonstrated significantly higher percentage of cases of vestibulopathy than healthy volunteers (33 and 6 %, respectively). In patients without COVID-19 in their anamnesis the percentage of vestibulopathy cases did not differ significantly from the corresponding percentage in healthy volunteers (14 and 6 %, respectively). Patients complaints which indicate a vestibular pathology were confirmed in 2/3 of all cases.
CONCLUSIONS: Patients with chronic fatigue syndrome and fibromyalgia who have had COVID-19 were more prone to vestibulopathies than patients without COVID-19 in their anamnesis, whose vestibular indices did not differ from that in healthy volunteers. The data obtained shoul be considered as preliminary.
Detection of immunoglobulins specific to SARS-CoV-2 virus S-protein in mixed saliva
Authors: Lizunkova Margarita A. , Kudar Polina A. , Koroleva Irina V. , Desheva Yulia A.
Published: November 2022

BACKGROUND: Since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, scientists have been concerned about finding an effective alternative to blood-based diagnostics of antibodies to SARS-CoV-2. According to the results of numerous studies by domestic and foreign authors, saliva is a valuable diagnostic material. Mixed saliva implies the possibility of painless and non-invasive sampling and opens up great opportunities for diagnosing COVID-19 in vulnerable populations, such as children.
AIM: Development of a method for detecting immunoglobulins specific to the SARS-CoV-2 virus in saliva after infection with COVID-19 and vaccination.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study involved 43 people aged 20 to 67 years, divided into 3 groups: recovered from COVID-19; those who believe they have not had COVID-19; vaccinated with various drugs against COVID-19. Samples of unstimulated mixed saliva and capillary blood from a finger were obtained from each subject, which were subsequently examined by methods of qualitative and quantitative enzyme immunoassay.
RESULTS: A high level of correlation between the content of local IgG and IgA in saliva was demonstrated, while the relationship between the content of IgA in blood and saliva was shown to be of medium strength. A higher number of seropositive patients was demonstrated in the group vaccinated with vaccines against SARS-CoV-2, compared with those who recovered from COVID-19, which is consistent with the anamnesis data.
CONCLUSIONS: This work demonstrates and confirms that saliva in the oral fluid is a valuable diagnostic material for the study of local antibodies. The data obtained will allow the development of unique test systems for studying humoral immunity to the SARS-CoV-2 virus, which can become an alternative replacement for the usual determination of virus-specific immunoglobulins in the blood.
Comparative study of the pathogenicity of SARS-CoV-2 B.1 AND B.1.617.2 lineages for syrian hamsters
Authors: Yakovlev Kirill S. , Mezhenskaya Daria А. , Sivak Konstantin V. , Rudenko Larisa G. , Isakova-Sivak Irina N.
Published: November 2022

BACKGROUND: Syrian hamsters are the most sensitive model for studying the pathogenesis of a new coronavirus infection and testing prophylactic and therapeutic drugs against SARS-CoV-2. Accordingly, it is important to identify pathomorphological indicators of tissue damage in coronavirus-infected animals, which would correlate with the severity of the disease.
AIM: Comprehensive assessment of the pathogenicity of SARS-CoV-2 viruses of B.1 and B.1.167.2 lineages on the model of Syrian hamsters to identify the most sensitive criteria that correlate with the clinical manifestation of the disease.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Intranasal infection of animals with SARS-CoV-2, followed by the assessment of the clinical picture of the disease and detailed pathomorphological studies of various organs collected on the 5th day after infection.
RESULTS: The SARS-CoV-2 Delta virus (B.1.617.2) was shown to be less pathogenic for Syrian hamsters compared to the ancestral strain that circulated during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic (B.1). The histopathological characterization of lung tissue sections of infected animals revealed the most sensitive morphometric indicator that correlates with the severity of SARS-CoV-2-induced pathology, namely, the alveolar wall thickness.
CONCLUSIONS: The use of this indicator makes it possible to determine even slight differences in the severity of virus-induced pathology in the Syrian hamster model, which can be critical in the preclinical evaluation of prophylactic and therapeutic drugs for COVID-19.
TRANSMISSION ERROR AND SOUND PRESSURE LEVEL OF SPUR GEARING WITH STRAIGHT AND HELICAL TEETH
Authors:   Faculty of Mechanical Engineering TUL - Technical University of Liberec, Czech Republic, MAREK TOMAS , NEMECEK PAVEL ,   Faculty of Mechanical Engineering TUL - Technical University of Liberec, Czech Republic
Published: November 2022

This article concerns a study of the spur gear noise (i.e. sound pressure level) of automotive gearboxes. The aim is to verify a direct correlation between transmission error and noise emission of a gearing. The article includes a description of some gearbox noise sources and focuses on the gears itself, which is a main source of vibration and noise. A risk analysis is performed to assess the factors influencing gear noise, to show a significance of transmission error. The main part of this article, however, concerns experimentally identified transmission error and its correlation with measured noise.
SUPERIOR COATING TECHNOLOGY FOR ADVANCED COLD WIRE DRAWING OF SPRING STEELS
Authors:   Brno University of Technology, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Department of Manufacturing Technology, Brno, Czech Republic, PISKA MIROSLAV , HAVLIKOVA TEREZA ,   Brno University of Technology, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Department of Manufacturing Technology, Brno, Czech Republic, VNUKOVA ZUZANA ,   Brno University of Technology, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Department of Manufacturing Technology, Brno, Czech Republic
Published: November 2022

The technology of cold wire drawing belongs to an ancient class of technologies, but their use lasts for centuries. Today, special forming machines, advanced tool materials and effective lubricants are used. In this paper, a progressive physical vapour technology (PVD) of coating for inner surfaces is used which resulted in significant prolongation of tool life. The technology of HiPIMS (High-power Impulse Magnetron Sputtering) exhibited excellent performance in protective (Al,Ti)N coating of whole inner surfaces that are in contact with the drawn wire which is impossible to do with other coating techniques. The increase in production of the drawn steel spring wire by the coated die by more than 100% was excellent, and it opens new horizons to some similar technological applications.
MECHANICAL ANALYSIS OF THE NEWLY DEVELOPED 3D PRINTED PROSTHETIC SOCKET FROM PA12GB
Authors:   University of West Bohemia, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Regional Technological Institute, Pilsen, Czech Republic, RAZ KAREL , CHVAL ZDENEK ,   University of West Bohemia, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Regional Technological Institute, Pilsen, Czech Republic, STEPANEK MARTIN ,   University of West Bohemia, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Regional Technological Institute, Pilsen, Czech Republic, VYHNAL ONDREJ ,   Otto Bock CR s.r.o., Zruc Senec, Czech Republic
Published: November 2022

This paper is focused on the complex evaluation of the prosthetic socket (of a hand) manufactured by the usage of additive technologies. Main advantage of this method is a significantly shorter production time and lower production cost. The durability of the socket is generally between 12 and 24 months. It is caused by the atrophy of the patient's tissues and also by the mechanical loading during the usage. The laminating of the carbon fibers on the model of the internal socket is used nowadays. This method is technologically and time demanding. The newly developed production process is using the 3D printing method by the HP MultiJet Fusion 4200 printer. The considered material is HP PA12GB. It is the thermoplastic material (polyamide) with 40% of glass beads. Production of the socket is reduced to few hours. This paper consists the mechanical comparison of the laminated (old design) and the 3D printed (new design) socket. The real mechanical testing is simulating the most critical loading by impact to the edge of the table. The evaluation in terms of durability and fatigue is performed also using the software nCode and Siemens NX.