bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Formation and Evolution of Cellular Structures in Wedge-Induced Oblique Detonations
Authors: Yu Chengxuan , Luan Zhenye , Jin Hua , Huang Yue , You Yancheng
Published: March 2023

Numerical simulation of an oblique detonation induced by a wedge is performed to investigate the formation and evolution of the oblique cellular detonation structure and the quantitative comparison of the cellular structure of a normal and an oblique detonation. The compressible reactive Euler equations are solved using the seventh-order WENO scheme on an adaptive mesh based on the open source program Adaptive Mesh Refinement in Object-oriented C++ (AMROC). The numerical results show that there are two sets of transverse waves, the left-running transverse waves (LRTW) and the right-running transverse waves (RRTW), which form the oblique cellular detonation structure. Although both sets of transverse waves are convected downstream, they propagate at almost the same relative velocity in the opposite direction. The LRTWs start in the transition zone because of the detonation instability. However, the RRTWs form due to the interaction between the deformed detonation front and the reflected shock wave from the wedge. For the same degree of overdrive, numerical simulations reveal that the characteristic cell size of an oblique detonation is almost the same as that of a normal detonation.
Bioinformatics Analysis of Molecular Interactions between Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Ferroptosis under Stress Exposure
Authors: Zhu Weihao , Li Yingmin , Li Meili , Liu Jingmin , Zhang Guowei , Ma Xiaoying , Shi Weibo , Cong Bin
Published: March 2023

Stress has become a universal biological phenomenon in the body, which leads to pathophysiological changes. However, the molecular network interactions between endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and ferroptosis under stressful conditions are not clear. For this purpose, we screened the gene expression profile of GSE173795 for intersection with ferroptosis genes and screened 68 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) (63 up‐regulated, 5 down‐regulated), mainly related to lipid and atherosclerosis, autophagy—animal, mitophagy—animal, focal adhesion, DNA replication, proteasome, oocyte meiosis, toll‐like receptor signaling pathway, cell cycle, etc. Immune infiltration analysis revealed that stress resulted in decreased B cells memory, T cells CD8 and T cells CD4 memory resting, monocytes, macrophages M2, and increased B cells naive, T cells follicular helper, and macrophages M1. 19 core‐DEGs (ASNS, TRIB3, ATF4, EIF2S1, CEBPG, RELA, HSPA5, DDIT3, STAT3, MAP3K5, HIF1A, HNF4A, MAPK14, HMOX1, CDKN1A, KRAS, SP1, SIRT1, EGFR) were screened, all of which were up‐regulated DEGs. These biological processes and pathways were mainly involved in responding to ER stress, lipid and atherosclerosis, cellular response to stress, cellular response to chemical stress, and regulation of DNA‐templated transcription in response to stress, etc. Spearman analysis did not find MAPK14 to be significantly associated with immune cells. Other core‐DEGs were associated with immune cells, including B cells naive, T cells follicular helper, and monocytes. Based on core‐DEGs, 283 miRNAs were predicted. Among the 22 miRNAs with highly cross‐linked DEGs, 11 had upstream lncRNA, mainly targeting STAT3, SP1, CDKN1A, and SIRT1, and a total of 39 lncRNA were obtained. 85 potential drugs targeting 11 core‐DEGs were identified and were expected to be potential immunotherapeutic agents for stress injury. Our experiments also confirmed that Liproxstatin‐1 alleviates common cross‐linked proteins between ER stress and ferroptosis. In conclusion, our study explored the molecular mechanisms and network interactions among stress—ER stress—ferroptosis from a novel perspective, which provides new research ideas for studying stressful injury.
Supplementary Data from Vascular Targeting and Antiangiogenesis Agents Induce Drug Resistance Effector GRP78 within the Tumor Microenvironment
Authors: Dong Dezheng , Ko Bryce , Baumeister Peter , Swenson Steven , Costa Fritz , Markland Frank , Stiles Caryn , Patterson John B. , Bates Susan E. , Lee Amy S.
Published: March 2023

Supplementary Data from Vascular Targeting and Antiangiogenesis Agents Induce Drug Resistance Effector GRP78 within the Tumor Microenvironment
Analysis of the Efficacy and Recurrence of Omalizumab Use in the Treatment of Chronic Spontaneous Urticaria and Chronic Inducible Urticaria
Authors:   Yang, Yu Rentao , Qian Weilu , Zheng Qiu , Xiong Jianxia , Chen Shuang , Chen Aijun , Chen Jin , Fang Sheng , Huang Kun , Cai Tao
Published: March 2023

Introduction: Chronic urticaria (CU) is a common skin condition that can be divided into chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU) and chronic inducible urticaria (CIndU). Omalizumab is one treatment option for CU, but currently there are limited clinical studies of omalizumab’s efficacy for treating CU in Chinese patients. This study sought to investigate the efficacy and safety of omalizumab treatment for CU patients in a Chinese patient population. Specifically, we aimed to compare the differential efficacy of omalizumab for CSU and CIndU patients and predict risk factors for recurrence. Methods: We completed a retrospective clinical data review of 130 CU patients who received omalizumab treatment from August 2020 to May 2022, with a maximum follow-up period of 18 months. Results: A total of 108 CSU patients and 22 CIndU patients were included in the study. After treatment with omalizumab, the response rate in the CSU group was higher than that in the CIndU group (93.5% vs. 68.2%), and CSU patients accounted for a higher proportion of responders and early responders (responders: 87.1% vs. 12.9%, p < 0.001; early responders: 95.7% vs. 4.3%, p = 0.001). Nonresponders had lower total immunoglobulin E (IgE) levels (75.0 vs. 167.5 IU/mL, p = 0.046) and a relatively shorter duration of treatment (1.0 vs. 3.0 months, p = 0.009) compared to responders. Early responders had shorter disease duration (1.0 vs. 3.0 years, p = 0.028), higher baseline UCT (4.0 vs. 2.0, p = 0.034), lower baseline DLQI (18.0 vs. 18.5, p = 0.026), and shorter total treatment time (2.0 vs. 4.0 months, p < 0.001) compared to late responders. All adverse events reported during treatment were mild. Seventy-four patients with CU discontinued the drug after achieving complete disease control, of which 26 (35.1%) relapsed for 2.0 months (interquartile range: 1.0–3.0 months). Compared with nonrelapsed patients, relapsed patients often had other allergic diseases (42.3% vs. 18.8%, p = 0.029), higher basal levels of total IgE (263.0 vs. 140.0 IU/mL, p = 0.033), and longer disease duration (4.2 vs. 1.0 years, p = 0.002). Relapsed patients could still achieve good disease control after restarting omalizumab therapy. Conclusion: Omalizumab was effective and safe for CSU and CIndU patients. Patients with CSU responded more quickly to omalizumab and showed a relatively better treatment effect. However, there was a possibility of relapse after discontinuation of omalizumab after complete control of CU, and in these cases, restarting omalizumab treatment after relapse was effective.
Severe Acute Liver Injury due to Secondary Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis: A Case Report
Authors: Sequeira Cristiana , Lopes Sara Ramos , Neves Anabela , Santos Inês Costa , Martins Cláudio Rodrigues , Oliveira Ana Paula
Published: March 2023

Severe acute liver injury (ALI) is mostly triggered by viral infections and hepatotoxic drugs; however, it can also be seen in systemic diseases. Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a rare, immune-mediated syndrome that presents as a life-threatening inflammatory disorder affecting multiple organs. Secondary causes occur mainly in the set of malignancy, infection, and autoimmune disease, and are seldom triggered by vaccination. Although liver involvement is common, presentation as severe ALI is rare. We describe a case of a 65-year-old male with history of low-risk chronic lymphocytic leukemia and rheumatoid arthritis treated with prednisolone who presented with persistent fever and jaundice 1 week after COVID-19 vaccination. The diagnosis was challenging given the predominant liver impairment, characterized by hyperbilirubinemia, transaminases over 1,000 U/L, and prolonged INR, which prompted an extensive investigation and exclusion of autoimmune, toxic, and viral causes of hepatitis. Laboratory workup revealed bicytopenia, hyperferritinemia, which together with organ failure and evidence of hemophagocytosis in bone marrow suggested the diagnosis of HLH. After excluding infectious etiologies, flare of rheumatological disease, and the progression of hematological disease, HLH was diagnosed. He was successfully treated with etoposide and corticosteroids, with dramatic improvement of liver tests. After exclusion of other causes of secondary HLH, the recent vaccination for COVID-19 was the likely trigger. We report a case of double rarity of HLH, as it presented with severe liver dysfunction which was probably triggered by vaccination. In this case, the predominant liver involvement urged extensive investigation of liver disease, so a high index of suspicion was required to make an early diagnosis. Clinicians should consider HLH in patients with unexplained signs and symptoms of systemic inflammatory response and multiorgan involvement, including severe liver involvement as the first presentation.
Description of Phenotypic Heterogeneity in a GJC2-Related Family and Literature Review
Authors: Ghasemi Aida , Tavasoli Ali Reza , Khojasteh Mana , Rohani Mohammad , Alavi Afagh
Published: March 2023

Introduction: Homozygous and compound heterozygous variants in GJC2, the gene encoding connexin-47 protein, cause Pelizaeus-Merzbacher-like disease type 1 or hypomyelinating leukodystrophy 2 (HLD2), a severe infantile-onset hypomyelinating leukodystrophy, and rarely some milder phenotypes like hereditary spastic paraplegia (HSP) type 44 (SPG44) and subclinical leukodystrophy. Herein, we report an Iranian GJC2-related family with intrafamilial phenotypic heterogeneity and review the literatures. Methods: Whole-exome sequencing was performed for an Iranian proband, who was initially diagnosed as HSP case. Data were analyzed and the candidate variant was confirmed by PCR and Sanger sequencing subsequently checked in family members to co-segregation analysis. A careful clinical and paraclinical evaluation of all affected individuals of the family was done and compared with previous reported GJC2-related families. Results: A novel homozygous variant, c.G14T:p.Ser5Ile, in the GJC2 gene was identified. The variant was co-segregated with the disease status in the family members. Clinical evaluation of all patients showed two distinct GJC2-related phenotypes in this family; the proband presented a complicated form of HSP, whereas both his affected sisters presented a HLD2 phenotype. Discussion: Up to now, correlation between HSP and GJC2 variants has been reported once. Here, the second case of SPG44 was identified that emphasizes on GJC2 as a HSP-causing gene. So, the screening of GJC2 in patients with HSP or HSP-like phenotypes especially with hypomyelination in their brain MRI is recommended. Also, for the first time, intrafamilial phenotypic heterogeneity for “two distinct GJC2-related phenotypes: HLD2 and HSP” was reported. Such intrafamilial phenotypic heterogeneity for GJC2 can emphasize on the shared pathophysiology of these disorders.
Interleukin-33 and Soluble ST2 Levels in Infants with Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy
Authors: Hamano Hiroki , Takahashi Kazumasa , Kimura Sasagu , Matsuguma Chie , Kaneyasu Hidenobu , Fujimoto Yosuke , Ohta Naoki , Okada Seigo , Hasegawa Shunji
Published: March 2023

Introduction: Interleukin (IL)-33 and its receptor ST2L play key roles in the IL-33/ST2 signaling pathway. Soluble ST2 (sST2) inhibits the proper function of IL-33. sST2 levels are increased in patients with several neurological diseases, but in infants with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE), IL-33 and sST2 levels have not been studied. This study aimed to investigate whether serum levels of IL-33 and sST2 are useful as biomarkers of HIE severity and prognostic factors for infants with HIE. Methods: Twenty-three infants with HIE and 16 controls (gestational age ≥36 weeks and ≥1,800 g birth weight) were enrolled in this study. Serum levels of IL-33 and sST2 were measured at <6 h, 1–2, 3, and 7 days of age. Hydrogen-1 magnetic resonance spectroscopy was performed, and ratios of peak integrals of lactate/N-acetylaspartate (Lac/NAA) were calculated as objective indicators of brain damage. Results: In the moderate and severe HIE, serum sST2 concentrations were increased and there was a good correlation between serum sST2 and HIE severity on days 1–2, whereas no variation was observed in serum IL-33. Serum sST2 levels were positively correlated with Lac/NAA ratios (Kendall’s rank correlation coefficient = 0.527, p = 0.024), and both sST2 and Lac/NAA ratios were significantly higher in HIE infants with neurological impairment (p = 0.020 and <0.001, respectively). Conclusions: sST2 may be a useful predictor of severity and later neurological outcomes in infants with HIE. Further investigation is required to elucidate the relationship between the IL-33/ST2 axis and HIE.
Scientometric Assessment of Global Research Output about Monkeypox during 1970–2022
Authors: Gupta Brij Mohan , Kappi Mallikarjun , Gore Manish Mohan , Gupta Atul
Published: March 2023

Introduction and Methodology: The authors used bibliometric analysis and visualization tools to analyze 950 documents on monkeypox with a focus on annual publication productivity, most productive and impactful source titles, countries, most productive institutions, and authors, and their contribution to the subject areas. Results and Conclusion: The findings reveal that the most productive year of publication was 2003 which included 62 publications with the majority published in Emerging Infectious Diseases (35 papers) and Journal of Virology (32 papers) and Science (60.6), and Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Reports (60.44) achieved the highest citation impact per paper. USA (55.37% share), UK (6.63% share), and Germany (6.11% share) are the most productive countries, and Switzerland (47.93 and 1.84), Canada (46.57 and 1.79), and Belgium (37.32 and 1.43) are the most impactful countries. The Centers for Disease Control & Prevention, USA (145 papers) and National Institutes of Health, USA (64 papers) emerged as the most productive, and the University of California, Los Angeles, USA (84.15 and 3.23) and Viral and Rickettsial Zoonoses Br., USA (66.9 and 2.57) as the most impactful organizations. I.K. Damon (68 papers) and M.G. Reynolds (51 papers) emerged as the most prolific authors, and Esposito, J.J. (60.0 and 2.30) and Jezek, Z. (56.89 and 2.18) as the most impactful authors. In the subject category type, the most prominent subject fields were Medicine (60.95% share) and Immunology & Microbiology (39.16% share). The prominent keywords in the papers were “monkeypox” (570 times), “monkeypox virus” (411 times), “poxviridae infections” (332 times), “small pox” (266 times), “orthopox virus” (248 times), “vaccinia virus” (203 times), and “disease outbreaks” (179 times).
Oncostatin M and Nivolumab Affect the Cytotoxic T-Cell Proportions and the Susceptibility to TRAIL-Induced Death in Non-Leukocyte Cell Subpopulations in Soft Tissue Sarcomas
Authors: Toffanin Giulia , Ozaniak Andrej , Bartolini Robin , Komarc Martin , Novysedlak Rene , Rataj Michal , Smetanova Jitka , Rosato Antonio , Lischke Robert , Bartunkova Jirina , Strizova Zuzana
Published: March 2023

Introduction: Soft tissue sarcomas (STSs) are malignant tumors arising from mesenchymal tissues. Patients with advanced and metastatic STSs have low overall survival rates and relatively limited treatment options. Oncostatin M (OSM) is a pleiotropic cytokine that was shown to carry both pro- and anti-tumorigenic properties in various cancer types. However, the role of OSM in STSs has not yet been elucidated. Moreover, the potential additive effects of combining OSM and anti-PD-1 therapy have not been carried out so far. Methods: The aim of this study was to determine the effects of in vitro OSM administration on liposarcoma, leiomyosarcoma, and myxofibrosarcoma immune cells isolated from peripheral blood and tumor tissues and the potential cooperative nature of OSM and nivolumab in treating these STSs. We designed a cohort study to explore novel histology-driven therapies in our target STSs. The immune cells were isolated from the peripheral blood and tumors of patients with STS, and the proportions and phenotypes of immune cells were evaluated with flow cytometry after cultivation with therapeutic monoclonal antibodies. Results: The proportion of peripheral CD45+ cells was not affected by OSM but was significantly increased by nivolumab, whereas both treatments had an effect on CD8+ T cells. In tumor tissues, CD8+ T cell and CD45‒ TRAIL+ cell cultures were boosted by nivolumab and significantly enriched by OSM. Our data suggest that OSM may play a role in the treatment of leiomyosarcoma, myxofibrosarcoma, and liposarcoma. Conclusion: In conclusion, the biological efficacy of OSM is reflected in the tumor microenvironment rather than in the peripheral blood of the patients in our cohort, and nivolumab could potentiate its mechanism of action in selected cases. Nevertheless, more histotype-tailored studies are needed to fully understand the functions of OSM in STSs.
Cytologic Findings in Serous Effusion Specimens from Melanoma Patients
Authors: Shield Paul Warwick , Ribu Dalisay Liwanag
Published: March 2023

Introduction: Metastatic melanoma (MM) is an uncommon finding in serous effusion specimens with a highly variable cytomorphology. Methods: We reviewed specimens submitted over a 19-year period to determine (a) the range of cytologic findings in effusion specimens from melanoma patients and (b) the cytologic presentation and immunoprofile of MM in effusion specimens. Results: Of 123 serous effusion specimens from patients with clinical notes of melanoma, 59% were reported negative for malignancy, 16% were reported with a non-melanoma malignancy, 19% MM, and 6% atypical, MM not excluded. Pleural fluids were twice as likely to be reported as MM than peritoneal samples. Review of 44 cases with confirmed MM showed the most common cytologic pattern was epithelioid. Most (88%) cases contained mainly dispersed plasmacytoid cells, but many (61%) also contained malignant cells arranged in loose groups. Rare cases also had spindle cells, giant bizarre cells, small lymphoid-like cells, or cells with large hard-edged vacuoles, mimicking other metastatic malignancies. MM cases containing predominantly plasmacytoid cells often mimicked reactive mesothelial cells. As well as being composed of cells of similar size, features such as bi- and multinucleation, round nuclei, mild anisokaryosis, nucleoli, and loose groups were common to both. Features seen more commonly in MM than reactive cells included large nucleoli (95%) and intranuclear cytoplasmic inclusions (41%), binucleate “bug-eyed demons,” and small punctate vacuoles on the air-dried preparations. Pigment was identified in 36% of cases. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) is a valuable aid in confirming the cell type. The sensitivity for the most commonly used melanoma markers was as follows: S100 84% (21/25), pan-melanoma 100% (19/19), HMB45 92% (11/12), Melan A 92% (11/12), SOX10 91% (10/11). No staining was reported for calretinin (0/21), AE1/AE3 (0/11), EMA (0/16), Ber-Ep4 (0/13). Discussion: Effusion specimens from patients with a history of melanoma are frequently (40%) malignant but almost as likely to be reported as a nonmelanoma malignancy as MM. The cytology of MM may mimic a wide range of other metastatic malignancies but also often closely resembles reactive mesothelial cells. It is important to be aware of this latter pattern so that IHC markers can be applied.
Chuva: um evento e múltiplas aprendizagens
Authors:   Universidade de São Paulo. Escola de Engenharia de São Carlos, Balbino Marcia Regina , Bonzanini Taitiâny Kárita ,   Universidade de São Paulo. Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Queiroz
Published: March 2023

A obra “Chuva: um evento e múltiplas aprendizagens” contém uma Sequência Didática (SD), com sugestões de atividades que podem subsidiar o trabalho docente para o ensino de temas das Ciências Ambientais em uma perspectiva que atenda, entre outros, um ensino interdisciplinar, significativo, contextualizado, e com potencialidade de promover nos estudantes a Alfabetização Científica (AC). Portanto, o material é direcionado para docentes e a Sequência Didática pode ser utilizada para os diferentes segmentos da Educação Básica (anos iniciais e anos finais), desde que adaptadas, complementando informações e direcionando as discussões ao que for adequado ao nível de ensino a qual se destinará. Para organização metodológica do material selecionou-se a Aprendizagem Centrada em Eventos (ACE), uma estratégia didática que contempla a dimensão científica e suas inter-relações com as dimensões tecnológica, social e ambiental. Nesse contexto, o fenômeno natural “chuva” foi escolhido, apresentando-o como um evento a ser estudado, a partir da concepção de que todo fenômeno é um evento que pode ser observado, descrito e explicado.
CSL112 Infusion Rapidly Increases APOA1 Exchange Rate via Specific Serum Amyloid-Poor HDL Subpopulations When Administered to Patients Post–Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Didichenko Svetlana A. , Velkoska Elena , Navdaev Alexei V. , Greene Brandon H. , Lorkowski Shuhui Wang , Duffy Danielle , Mears Sojaita J. , Wright Samuel D. , Gibson C. Michael , Smith Jonathan D. , Kingwell Bronwyn A.
Published: March 2023

Background:

To characterize the effects of CSL112 (human APOA1 [apolipoprotein A1]) on the APOA1 exchange rate (AER) and the relationships with specific HDL (high-density lipoprotein) subpopulations when administered in the 90-day high-risk period post–acute myocardial infarction.

Methods:

A subset of patients (n=50) from the AEGIS-I (ApoA-I Event Reducing in Ischemic Syndromes I) study received either placebo or CSL112 post–acute myocardial infarction. AER was measured in AEGIS-I plasma samples incubated with lipid-sensitive fluorescent APOA1 reporter. HDL particle size distribution was assessed by native gel electrophoresis followed by fluorescent imaging and detection of APOA1 and SAA (serum amyloid A) by immunoblotting.

Results:

CSL112 infusion increased AER peaking at 2 hours and returning to baseline 24 hours post-infusion. AER correlated with cholesterol efflux capacity (
r
=0.49), HDL-cholesterol (
r
=0.30), APOA1 (
r
=0.48), and phospholipids (
r
=0.48; all
P
<0.001) over all time points. Mechanistically, changes in cholesterol efflux capacity and AER induced by CSL112 reflected HDL particle remodeling resulting in increased small HDL species that are highly active in mediating ABCA1 (ATP-binding cassette transporter 1)-dependent efflux, and large HDL species with high capacity for APOA1 exchange. The lipid-sensitive APOA1 reporter predominantly exchanged into SAA-poor HDL particles and weakly incorporated into SAA-enriched HDL species.

Conclusions:

Infusion of CSL112 enhances metrics of HDL functionality in patients with acute myocardial infarction. This study demonstrates that in post–acute myocardial infarction patients, HDL-APOA1 exchange involves specific SAA-poor HDL populations. Our data suggest that progressive enrichment of HDL with SAA may generate dysfunctional particles with impaired HDL-APOA1 exchange capacity, and that infusion of CSL112 improves the functional status of HDL with respect to HDL-APOA1 exchange.

Registration:

URL:
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov
; Unique identifier: NCT02108262.
ISGylation of NF-κBp65 by SCF
FBXL19
E3 Ligase Diminishes Endothelial Inflammation
Authors: Li Lian , Miao Jiaxing , Shaheen Nargis , Taleb Sarah J. , Hu Jian , Ye Qinmao , He Jinshan , Yan Jiasheng , Mallampalli Rama K. , Zhao Jing , Zhao Yutong
Published: March 2023

Background:

NF-κB (nuclear factor kappa B) plays a pivotal role in endothelial cell (EC) inflammation. Protein ISGylation is regulated by E3 ISG15 (interferon-stimulated gene 15) ligases; however, ISGylation of NF-κBp65 and its role in EC functions have not been investigated. Here, we investigate whether p65 is ISGylated and the role of its ISGylation in endothelial functions.

Methods:

In vitro ISGylation assay and EC inflammation were performed. EC-specific transgenic mice were utilized in a murine model of acute lung injury.

Results:

We find that NF-κBp65 is ISGylated in resting ECs and that the posttranslational modification is reversible. TNFα (tumor necrosis factor alpha) and endotoxin stimulation of EC reduce p65 ISGylation, promoting its serine phosphorylation through reducing its association with a phosphatase WIP1 (wild-type p53-induced phosphatase 1). Mechanistically, an SCF (Skp1-Cul1-F-box) protein E3 ligase SCF
FBXL19
is identified as a new ISG15 E3 ligase that targets and catalyzes ISGylation of p65. Depletion of FBXL19 (F-box and leucine-rich repeat protein 19) increases p65 phosphorylation and EC inflammation, suggesting a negative correlation between p65 ISGylation and phosphorylation. Moreover, EC-specific FBXL19 overexpressing humanized transgenic mice exhibit reduced lung inflammation and severity of experimental acute lung injury.

Conclusions:

Together, our data reveal a new posttranslational modification of p65 catalyzed by a previously unrecognized role of SCF
FBXL19
as an ISG15 E3 ligase that modulates EC inflammation.
Pediatric Primary Hypertension: An Underrecognized Condition: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association
Authors: Falkner Bonita , Gidding Samuel S. , Baker-Smith Carissa M. , Brady Tammy M. , Flynn Joseph T. , Malle Leslie M. , South Andrew M. , Tran Andrew H. , Urbina Elaine M. ,   on behalf of the American Heart Association Council on Hypertension; Council on Lifelong Congenital Heart Disease and Heart Health in the Young; Council on Kidney in Cardiovascular Disease; Council on Lifestyle and Cardiometabolic Health; and Council on Cardiovascular and Stroke Nursing
Published: March 2023

The overall prevalence of hypertension in childhood is 2% to 5%, and the leading type of childhood hypertension is primary hypertension, especially in adolescence. As in adults, the leading risk factors for children with primary hypertension are excess adiposity and suboptimal lifestyles; however, environmental stress, low birth weight, and genetic factors may also be important. Hypertensive children are highly likely to become hypertensive adults and to have measurable target organ injury, particularly left ventricular hypertrophy and vascular stiffening. Ambulatory and home blood pressure monitoring may facilitate diagnosis. Primordial prevention of hypertension through public health implementation of healthier diet and increased physical activity will reduce the prevalence of primary hypertension, and evidence-based treatment guidelines should be implemented when hypertension is diagnosed. Further research to optimize recognition and diagnosis and clinical trials to better define outcomes of treatment are needed.
Exploring Racial and Ethnic Differences in Arterial Stiffness Among Youth and Young Adults With Type 1 Diabetes
Authors: Sauder Katherine A. , Glueck Deborah H. , Harrall Kylie K. , D'Agostino Ralph , Dolan Lawrence M. , Lane Abbi D. , Liese Angela D. , Lustigova Eva , Malik Faisal S. , Marcovina Santica , Mayer‐Davis Elizabeth , Mottl Amy , Pihoker Catherine , Reynolds Kristi , Shah Amy S. , Urbina Elaine M. , Wagenknecht Lynne E. , Daniels Stephen R. , Dabelea Dana
Published: March 2023

Background

We examined arterial stiffness in individuals with type 1 diabetes, and explored whether differences between Hispanic, non‐Hispanic Black (NHB), and non‐Hispanic White (NHW) individuals were attributable to modifiable clinical and social factors.

Methods and Results

Participants (n=1162; 22% Hispanic, 18% NHB, and 60% NHW) completed 2 to 3 research visits from ≈10 months to ≈11 years post type 1 diabetes diagnosis (mean ages of ≈9 to ≈20 years, respectively) providing data on socioeconomic factors, type 1 diabetes characteristics, cardiovascular risk factors, health behaviors, quality of clinical care, and perception of clinical care. Arterial stiffness (carotid–femoral pulse wave velocity [PWV], m/s) was measured at ≈20 years of age. We analyzed differences in PWV by race and ethnicity, then explored the individual and combined impact of the clinical and social factors on these differences. PWV did not differ between Hispanic (adjusted mean 6.18 [SE 0.12]) and NHW (6.04 [0.11]) participants after adjustment for cardiovascular risks (
P
=0.06) and socioeconomic factors (
P
=0.12), or between Hispanic and NHB participants (6.36 [0.12]) after adjustment for all factors (
P
=0.08). PWV was higher in NHB versus NHW participants in all models (all
P
<0.001). Adjustment for modifiable factors reduced the difference in PWV by 15% for Hispanic versus NHW participants; by 25% for Hispanic versus NHB; and by 21% for NHB versus NHW.

Conclusions

Cardiovascular and socioeconomic factors explain one‐quarter of the racial and ethnic differences in PWV of young people with type 1 diabetes, but NHB individuals still experienced greater PWV. Exploration of pervasive inequities potentially driving these persistent differences is needed.
BIST Orman Ürünleri ve Mobilya Sektöründe Faaliyet Gösteren İşletmelerin TOPSIS ve Finansal Analiz Yöntemleri ile Performanslarının Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: KAVAS Yusuf Bahadır , MEDETOĞLU Batuhan
Published: March 2023

İşletmelerin finansal tablolarından elde edilen verilere çeşitli analiz yöntemleri uygulanarak, geçmiş dönemlerde elde edilen veriler ile geleceğe yönelik kararlar alınması sağlanmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, BIST Orman Ürünleri ve Mobilya Sektöründe faaliyet gösteren 5 işletmenin finansal analiz ve performansının gerçekleştirilmesi amaçlanmaktadır. Çalışma kapsamında ele alınan sektördeki firmaların bilanço ve gelir tablosu verileri kullanılmıştır. İşletmelerin, 2017-2021 yılları arasında elde edilen verilerine, Yatay Analiz, Dikey Analiz, Trend Analizi, Oran Analizi ve TOPSIS yöntemleri uygulanmıştır. Uygulanan finansal analiz yöntemleri sonucunda işletmelerin 5 yıllık durumları analiz edilmiştir. Çalışma sonucunda, Pandemi döneminde işletmelerin başarısız olmadığı ve performanslarının yükseldiği gözlemlenmiştir. 2021 yılında finansal performansı en yüksek işletme SUMAS, finansal performansı en düşük işletme ise ORMA olarak tespit edilmiştir. BIST Orman Ürünleri ve Mobilya Sektöründe faaliyet gösteren işletmelerin birçoğunun 2017-2021 yılları arasındaki dönemde finansal açından sıkıntı yaşamadığı belirlenmiştir.
The Eastern Question and the Internationalization of Zionism: Why Zionism didn’t turn into a Political Project until the First World War?
Authors: KURT Menderes , EDİZ İsmail
Published: March 2023

Zionism could not find political support in the international arena until the First World War. All the negotiations that Theodor Herzl and his predecessors had with Germany, Britain and Ottoman Empire at this point were in vain. In this context the aim of this study is to answer the question of why Zionism did not find official political support until World War. Its trying to answer this question through the systemic and domestic factors. The main argument of the study is that the great power policies and the international structure in the context of the Eastern Question were influential on Zionism. In this respect, the most effective reason delaying Zionism’s getting support from a great power until 1917 was that the international balance of power based on the Eastern Question.
Kadın ve Erkeklerde Kurumsal Güven: Farklı Cinsiyet Eşitsizliği Seviyesindeki Ülkelerde Siyasal Kurumlara Duyulan Güvenin Bireysel Belirleyicileri
Authors: BİLGİLİ Nazlı Çağın
Published: March 2023

Güven kavramı, siyaset bilimi literatüründe çok farklı bağlamlarda ve farklı türleri ile ele alınmıştır. Kurumsal güven bireylerin yaşadıkları ülkenin kurumlarına duydukları güvene işaret eder ve siyasal sistemlerin devamlılığı açısından da demokratikleşme bağlamında da etkili bir faktör olarak öne çıkmaktadır. Kurumsal güvenin belirleyicileri tartışmasında öne çıkan argümanlardan biri de toplumdaki dezavantajlı grupların kurumlara yönelik daha düşük güvene sahip olduklarıdır. Bu çalışma, bahsi geçen argümandan hareketle, kadınların erkeklere göre daha düşük kurumsal güvene sahip olup olmadığını sorgulamayı amaçlamaktadır. Bu sorgulamayı Dünya/Avrupa Değerler Araştırmalarının birleştirilmiş son dalgalarından gelen veri ile yapmaktadır. Bu noktadaki beklenti en azından cinsiyet eşitsizliğinin yüksek olduğu ülkelerde bu beklentinin doğrulanmasıdır. Ancak bulgular, kadınlar ve erkekler arasındaki farkın göz ardı edilebilecek kadar küçük olduğunu, bunun yerine literatürde işaret edilen iki önemli faktörün - siyasal sistemden memnuniyet ve toplumsal güven - öne çıktığını göstermektedir.
Büyük Selçuklu Devleti Tarihinde Dönüm Noktaları: Nesa ve Serahs Savaşları
Authors: ÇİFTÇİ Ömer
Published: March 2023

Türk-İslam tarihinde büyük izler bırakmış devletlerin kuruluşunda her zaman onların kaderini belirleyen önemli savaşlar olagelmiştir. Bu devletlerden birisi de Büyük Selçuklu Devleti’dir. Büyük Selçuklu Devleti’nin 1035 ve 1038 yıllarında yaptıkları Nesa ve Serahs savaşları kendilerinin bölgede ki kaderini büyük oranda etkilemiştir. Zira bu savaşlar sonucunda aldıkları galibiyetler ile birlikte bölgede söz sahibi oldukları gibi Büyük Selçuklu Devleti’nin de kuruluş temellerini atmışlardır. Bu çalışmamızda Selçukluların tarih sahnesine çıkışını ve ardından sırasıyla Cend, Maveraünnhr, Harizm ve Horasan bölgesinde ki faaliyetlerini ile birlikte Gazneli Devleti’ne karşı yaptıkları Nesa ve Serahs savaşlarının sebep ve sonuçlarını ele alacağız.
Büyük Ölçekli Firmaların Sürdürülebilir İnovasyon Performansı ve İş Sürekliliği Planlamasının Kurumsal Sürdürülebilirlik Üzerindeki Etkisi
Authors: YILMAZ Hakan
Published: March 2023

Bu çalışmada, büyük ölçekli yerel ve uluslararası firmalarda sürdürülebilir inovasyon performansı ve iş sürekliliği planlamasının kurumsal sürdürülebilirlik üzerindeki etkisinin hem örgütsel hem de bireysel demografik faktörler ışığında açıklanması amaçlanmaktadır. Araştırmada 12 uluslararası ve 13 yerel büyük ölçekli kurumsal şirkette çalışan 311 çalışandan toplanan veriler üzerinde analizler yapılmıştır. Hipotezler, literatürde kabul görmüş olan çoklu ölçekler kullanılarak test edilmiştir. Bu değişkenler arasındaki ilişkileri ve/veya etkilerini belirlemek için korelasyon, regresyon analizi, t-testi ve ANOVA analizi yöntemleri uygulanmıştır. Bulgular, sürdürülebilir inovasyon performansı, iş sürekliliği planlaması ve sürdürülebilir inovasyon performansı/iş sürekliliği planlaması moderatör değişkeninin kurumsal sürdürülebilirliğin kurulmasını ve korunmasını olumlu yönde etkilediğini ortaya koymaktadır. Ayrıca, organizasyon içinde mevzuat uyum departmanına sahip olmak, daha uzun yıllara dayanan iş tecrübesi, daha fazla personel sayısı ve yüksek eğitim seviyesi kurumsal sürdürülebilirliği kritik olarak güçlendirmektedir.
HEALTH DIPLOMACY IN TURKEY AS THE INTERFACE OF HEALTH AND FOREIGN POLICY
Authors: KÜÇÜK Aziz
Published: March 2023

This study aims to examine the tools of health diplomacy, which has become an increasingly widespread soft power strategy in Turkish foreign policy, and to evaluate the results of its implementation. Health diplomacy activities were tried to be analyzed by organisational and institutional data and documents within their historical context. Due to its geopolitical, geoeconomic and geostrategic importance, Turkey uses humanitarian health aid as a diplomatic tool to develop and strengthen its bilateral relations with the countries of the Caucasus, the Balkans, the Middle East and Africa. In this context, medical diplomacy tools such as establishing of health facilities abroad, scientific collaborations, granting scholarships to foreign students in medical sciences, providing direct medical care, humanitarian aid activities of non-governmental organizations; it serves to bringing countries closer together, strengthening diplomatic influence, positive image and religious ties in the region, and also searching for new markets. Thus, health diplomacy, which is the interface of the relationship between health, foreign policy and trade, plays a catalytic role in achieving Turkey's foreign policy goals.
Political Science, History, and Dictatorships: Linz’ Limited Pluralism Theory and the Late Francoist Regime in Spain
Authors: Lasús Carlos Domper , Alberca Julio Ponce
Published: March 2023

Although Linz was right in contradicting previous assumptions that the Francoist political community was homogeneous, a truth evidenced in political archival records relating to the 1967 elections of procuradores familiares and reports complied by the Delegación Nacional de Provincias about political hierarchies in preparation for elections in 1975, his concept of limited pluralism is flawed. Traditional historical methods verify the degree of correlation between the analytical description of the Francoist political sphere that Linz’ theory suggests and the actuality represented in the archival sources. The records do not indicate the existence of the politico-ideological or interest groups organized as a semi-opposition to which Linz referred in support of his thesis. Though political leaders were aligned with various ideological affiliations, loyalty to the Caudillo was the basic affinity that united all.
New species and newly recorded species of the genus Agonopterix Hübner, [1825] (Lepidoptera: Depressariidae) from China
Authors: ZHU XIAOJU , ZHANG LI , WANG SHUXIA
Published: March 2023

Thirteen new species of the genus Agonopterix Hübner are described: A. basinigra sp. nov., A. cochleata sp. nov., A. epunctata sp. nov., A. foliiformis sp. nov., A. gibbosa sp. nov., A. hypodroma sp. nov., A. introrsa sp. nov., A. magnimacularis sp. nov., A. nephimacula sp. nov., A. nivimacularis sp. nov., A. parallela sp. nov., A. simipullella sp. nov. and A. sphaeroidea sp. nov. and ten species are recorded for the first time from China: A. abditella Hannemann, 1959, A. angelicella (Hübner, 1813), A. arctica (Strand, 1902), A. arenella (Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775), A. bipunctosa (Curtis, 1850), A. broennoeensis (Strand, 1920), A. kaekeritziana (Linnaeus, 1767), A. kirgizella Lvovsky, 2001, A. ochrocephala Saito, 1980 and A. septicella (Snellen, 1884). Images of both adults and genitalia are provided.
Dung beetle fauna from Mount Mabu, Mozambique. Part 1: A new species of Onthophagus Latreille, 1802, and a checklist of species belonging to group 3 (d’Orbigny 1913) (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae)
Authors: DANIEL GIMO M. , STRÜMPHER WERNER P. , JOSSO JEAN-FRANÇOIS
Published: March 2023

Onthophagus mabuensis Daniel, Strümpher & Josso, new species, is diagnosed, described and illustrated from Mount Mabu, which is situated in north-central Mozambique. Morphological comparison is made between this new forest species and similar species from Malawi and Zambia in group 3 of Onthophagus Latreille, 1802, as classified by d’Orbigny (1913). In addition, we provide a checklist of all known group 3 species.
Face-based smoothed finite element method for simulating the sound field of a high-speed train
Authors: Huang Songhua , Xu Yugong , Liu Zhaoxin , Dou Weiyuan , Zhang Lele
Published: March 2023

Simulating three-dimensional acoustic problems with traditional finite element models (FEMs) may result in a large dispersion error that is difficult to manage. To control dispersion error caused by “overly stiff” features of FEM, a face-based smoothed FEM (FS-FEM) model was used to analyze the sound field of a high-speed train. Based on the acoustic Galerkin method’s weak form, smooth regions were reconstructed within the original finite element area, and numerical simulations were performed in MATLAB. Modal analysis of a test example revealed that results obtained using FS-FEM are more accurate than those obtained using the traditional FEM. Finally, it was used to calculate the sound field of China Railway High-speed 380B (CRH380B) high-speed trains in time and frequency domains, achieving higher accuracy than the traditional approach. Results were more akin to the realistic solution, which demonstrated the performance of the FS-FEM.
Knowledge visualisation and strategic decision-making outcomes in small and medium-sized enterprises
Authors: Abdelkareem Reda Shaker , Augustyn Marcjanna M
Published: March 2023

This article examines the direct and indirect (through strategic decision-making processes) impacts of knowledge visualisation on strategic decision quality and strategic decision commitment in small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). Structural equation modelling (SEM) methodology was used to test the research model based on data collected from 209 senior managers of manufacturing SMEs that operate in food production in Egypt. The results suggest that knowledge visualisation has a significant positive effect on strategic decision-making processes, strategic decision quality and strategic decision commitment. In addition, strategic decision quality is dependent on strategic decision-making processes, but decision-making processes do not significantly impact strategic decision commitment. Knowledge visualisation through strategic decision-making processes could help organisations in making high-quality decisions. The research adds to the theories of knowledge-based view (KBV) and rational decision-making by demonstrating that knowledge visualisation could be a catalyst for effective strategic decision-making.
Hi Bixby: Determinants of goal-congruent usage and goal-congruent outcome in the artificial intelligence personal assistant context
Authors: Jo Hyeon
Published: March 2023

Artificial intelligence (AI) has changed human life in many ways. AI improves the efficiency of manufacturing processes and helps people make decisions. However, we have little understanding of the motivation and goal-congruent behaviours of AI users. This research develops a theoretical model to investigate the key factors influencing goal-congruent usage and goal-congruent outcome of artificial intelligence personal assistants (AIPAs). It presents an empirical validation of the model through partial least squares structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM) with a sample of 253 AIPA users. The findings reveal that perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use and perceived enjoyment enables both goal-congruent usage and goal-congruent outcome. The results illustrate that utilitarian motivation significantly determines perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use and perceived enjoyment. The analysis results indicate that hedonic motivation exerts a significant positive influence on perceived ease of use and perceived enjoyment. The results of this study can be a meaningful guideline for the development of AIPA.
COVID-19 Pandemic as Subjective Repeated Strains and its Effects on Deviant Behavior in a Sample of Italian Youth
Authors: Froggio Giacinto , Vettorato Giuliano , Lori Massimo
Published: March 2023

Although over the past 2 years several studies have been carried out on the psychological effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on young people, few of them investigated the pandemic as psychosocial strain and its effects on deviant behaviors. According to Agnew’s General Strain Theory, a repeated objective psychosocial strain, such as the pandemic, exerts pressure on deviance when individuals associate with deviant peers and have weak attachment to parents. Using a sample of 568 young Italians (ages: 15–20 years; 65.8% females, 34.2% males) from north, central and south Italy, we tested for the possible correlation between COVID-19 as a repeated psychosocial strain, deviant behaviors and the role of some coping strategies not included in the Agnew’s original theoretical formulation. Results back the thesis that, considering the COVID-19 pandemic as a repeated subjective strain, affect deviance results primarily through association with deviant peers and less through weak attachment with family. The mediating role of coping strategies was found to be weak. The predominant role of the peer group in the genesis of deviant responses to strain will be discussed.
Evaluation of sexual function after dutasteride treatment in patients with once-negative prostate biopsy and benign prostate hyperplasia
Authors: Taniguchi Hisanori , Inoue Takaaki , Kawa Gen , Murota Takashi , Tsukino Hiromasa , Yoshimura Koji , Kamoto Toshiyuki , Ogawa Osamu , Matsuda Tadashi , Kinoshita Hidefumi
Published: March 2023

Introduction:

Patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia are usually treated with 5α-reduced inhibitors (5ARIs) such as finasteride and dutasteride. However, studies on the influence of 5ARIs on sexual function have been controversial. In this study, we evaluated the impact of dutasteride treatment for erectile function in patients with once-negative prostate biopsy and benign prostate hyperplasia.

Patients and methods:

81 patients with benign prostate hyperplasia were enrolled in a one-armed prospective study. They were administrated 0.5 mg/day of dutasteride for 12 months. Patient characteristics and changes of International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) and International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF)-15 scores at baseline and 12 months after dutasteride administration were examined.

Results:

The mean ± standard deviation (SD) age of the patients was 69.4 ± 4.9 years and the prostate volume was 56.6 ± 21.3 mL, respectively. The mean ± SD prostate volume and PSA levels were decreased 25.0 and 50.9%, respectively, after 12 months of dutasteride administration. IPSS total, voiding subscore, storage subscore, and quality of life score significantly improved after 12 months of dutasteride administration. No statistically significant change in IIEF-total score from 16.3 ± 13.5 to 18.8 ± 16.0 ( p = 0.14), IIEF-EF score from 5.1 ± 6.9 to 6.4 ± 8.3 ( p = 0.13) were observed. There was no decrease in erectile function severity.

Conclusion:

Twelve months administration of dutasteride for patients with BPH improved urinary function and did not increase the risk of sexual dysfunction.
Persevering: An Ethic of Choice
Authors: Milton Constance L.
Published: March 2023

Perseverance is a living phenomenon that is uniquely important with individuals, groups, and community. Persevering is persistently choosing one direction from another in spite of the urgings of others and the unknown consequences. The action of persevering reflects prized and cherished values reflective of the person’s unique identity. It is an ethic of choice to be honored. This article begins an ethical straight-thinking discussion of the ethos of honoring human dignity while bearing witness with others who are persevering with life-altering turbulence with the passing of a life. A humanbecoming ethos of enduring truths will be applied to a family story.
Watson’s Authentic Presence: Philosophical and Theoretical Approaches
Authors: Pullyblank Kristin
Published: March 2023

Presence remains a fundamental aspect of nursing practice and theory and yet remains poorly defined. The author describes Watson’s phenomenon of authentic presence in both the nursing and interdisciplinary literature. The emerging themes are applied to Watson’s theoretical and philosophical perspectives of human caring science.
The Uniqueness of the Humanbecoming Paradigm
Authors: Bunkers Sandra Schmidt , Kabigting Edwin-Nikko R.
Published: March 2023

This article explores several unique constructs of the humanbecoming paradigm including truth for the moment. A dialogue with nurse theorist Rosemarie Rizzo Parse completes this exploration.
Thoughts About Measuring Concepts: Using Single-Item Indicators and Multiple-Item Indicators
Authors: Fawcett Jacqueline , Morgan Jennifer
Published: March 2023

This essay presents a discussion about using a single item to measure a concept versus using multiple items. The discussion is data-based, using the results from a cross-sectional pilot study of correlates of functional status of women and their male partners who were experiencing high-risk childbearing.