bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Identificação de Aeródromos para Cobertura de Rotas Ilícitas Priorizadas em Missões de Interceptação Aérea
Authors: G. Gazola Mauro , Logullo de Souza Ygor
Published: October 2023

O tráfico internacional de entorpecentes, problemática constante na sociedade brasileira, exige dos órgãos governamentais o aprimoramento de capacidades operativas, racionalização de recursos e expansão do potencial repressivo. Nesse contexto, estudos no campo da Pesquisa Operacional, no âmbito da Força Aérea Brasileira, ganham destaque no desenvolvimento de técnicas para aumentar a efetividade das ações de combate aos ilícitos transfronteiriços. Este estudo tem como objetivo modelar um Problema de Localização de Máxima Cobertura, identificando aeródromos de apoio às aeronaves A-29 Super Tucano, de modo a priorizar a cobertura de rotas ilícitas simuladas com as maiores probabilidades de ocorrência. Por meio de um Método Exato e um Método Heurístico, chegou-se à constatação de que 3 aeródromos de apoio seriam suficientes para proporcionar a cobertura de 76,66 % das rotas suspeitas, sendo, pois, as rotas cobertas consideradas as com maiores potenciais de combate ao tráfico de ilícitos na região abordada pelo estudo.
Simulação de Antena Radar em Enlaces Analógicos a Fibra Óptica
Authors: Streitenberger Ivo Felipe , Ney do Amaral Pereira Wilton , Lucchini Coutinho Olympio
Published: October 2023

Sistemas de emulação de sinais radar têm sido utilizados pela Força Aérea Brasileira com a finalidade de testar receptores de guerra eletrônica embarcados. Dentre os diversos parâmetros radar simulados por esses sistemas, o tipo de varredura e diagrama de radiação da antena radar é uma importante funcionalidade a ser considerada, geralmente implementada por meio de atenuadores variáveis instalados na saída de radiofrequência (RF). Este trabalho apresenta uma nova técnica de simulação das características da antena radar, implementada através da variação do ganho de potência de um enlace analógico a fibra óptica, controlado por meio de um Instrumento Virtual (VI) construído em LabVIEW. O enlace a fibra óptica é utilizado com o objetivo de transmitir os sinais de RF emulados para uma antena remota. A comprovação desta técnica é realizada por meio de formulação teórica e uma demonstração experimental.
The effect of the austenitisation temperaturefor the two-stage heat treatment of high-manganesesteels on its wear resistance under abrasiveconditions
Authors: Dziubek Mateusz , Rutkowska-Gorczyca Małgorzata , Grygier Dominika
Published: October 2023

Fine-grained high-manganese X120Mn12 grade steel was subjected to a two-stage heat treatment consisting oflong-term isothermal annealing at 510C, which was followed by resaturation in order to reduce the negativeeffect of the brittle carbide carbides of manganese cementite (Fe,Mn)3C. The objective of the experimentwas to elucidate the effects of distinct stages of heat treatment on the properties of high manganese steelwith regard to its resistance to abrasive wear. Supersaturation was performed for eleven different variationsof temperature values ranging from 600C to 1100C to verify its effect on the resistance to abrasion wearunder abrasion conditions. An increase in the supersaturation temperature results in the gradual coagulationand disintegration of the colonies of pearlite and needle-like carbides (Fe,Mn)3C formed during isothermalannealing. At the same time, as a result of the PSN (particle stimulated nucleation) process, the microstructureof austenite undergoes partial refinement, which ultimately increases the resistance to abrasive wear. As aresult of the final microstructural changes resulted in an increase in the resistance to abrasion of approximately6% compared to the initial state.
CLINICAL FUNCTIONAL CHARACTERISTICS OF SICK CHILDREN WITH GLOMERULONEPHRITIS WITH INCREASED THYROID FUNCTION
Authors: Abdikadir Arzibekov , Abduraim Arzikulov , Umida Arzibekova
Published: October 2023

Abstract: To date, there have been few works on a comprehensive study of the functional state of the thyroid gland in glomerulo- and pyelonephritis in children, but there is no consensus on the nature of these relationships (12,13,14). Purpose of the work: to study the clinical and functional characteristics of sick children with glomerulonephritis with increased thyroid function. Material and methods of research: The work is based on clinical observations, examination and treatment of 22 children with glomerulonephritis with hyperfunction of the thyroid gland aged 5 to 17 years, who were hospitalized in the neurological department. Conclusions: characterizing the features of the clinical course of glomerulonephritis in children with increased activity of the thyroid system, one should first of all note the presence of 2 clinical variants of the disease: acute glomerulonephritis with nephritic syndrome, which was characterized by an acute onset with symptoms of general intoxication, early appearance of renal symptoms, and the presence of mixed polymorphic urinary syndrome , pronounced edema, a variety of extrarenal changes.
REMEDIACIÓN SOSTENIBLE Síntesis de Óxido de Titanio (IV) como Alternativa para la Eliminación de Cianuro en Sistemas Acuosos
Authors: Leon Cueva Ricardo , Leon Cueva Wilson , Valverde Sergio
Published: October 2023

El libro "Remediación Sostenible: Síntesis de Óxido de Titanio (IV) como Alternativa para la Eliminación de Cianuro en Sistemas Acuosos" presenta una visión completa y actualizada sobre la utilización del óxido de titanio (IV) como una alternativa prometedora en la remediación sostenible del cianuro en sistemas acuosos.
Maximization of flower yield in safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.)
Authors: VRIJENDRA SINGH  , N M KOLEKAR  , N NIMBKAR
Published: October 2023

A study was carried out on a non-spiny hybrid safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) NARI-NH-1 for maximization of flower yield by altering the agronomic practices viz., dates of sowing, fertilizer levels and plant spacings. The study showed that the differences due to sowing dates, fertilizer levels and plant spacings were significant for flower and seed yield in safflower. Delayed sowing beyond first fortnight of October resulted in a decrease in both flower and seed yield. Significantly highest flower yield (199 kg/ha) and seed yield (2014 kg/ha) were recorded with an application of 150% recommended dose (RD) of fertilizers, with flower yield being 26.85% higher and seed yield 28.89% higher than the control. However, if the net returns are considered, there is no advantage in applying more than 100% RD of fertilizer to the crop. The spacing of 45 cm x 10 cm gave significantly higher flower and seed yield over the recommended spacing of 45 cm x 20 cm. The interaction effects between dates of sowing, spacings and fertilizer levels suggested that sowing of safflower in the first week of October either with a spacing of 45 cm x 10 cm and an application of 100% or 150% RD of fertilizer or with a spacing of 45 cm x 20 cm with an application of 150% RD of fertilizer can be recommended for obtaining maximum flower and seed yield in safflower.
Combining ability studies in castor (Ricinus communis L.) under irrigated and un-irrigated environments
Authors: N SASIDHARAN  , G C JADEJA  , M M BHATT
Published: October 2023

Forty eight hybrids developed through L x T design (four females and 12 males) were evaluated under irrigated and unirrigated environments for computing estimates of general and specific combining ability effects for 14 quantitative and qualitative charactersincluding castor(Ricinus communisL.)seed yield.Combining ability analysis revealed that gca variances were significant, only for few characters, under both environments; whereas sca variances were significant for all the characters in both the environments, reiterating the preponderance of non-additive gene action in the inheritance of these characters. The female parents, SKP-84 and SKP-49 and male parents viz.,JI-224,JI-244,JI-260, SKI-160, SKI-202 and SKI-232 were superior and consistent general combiners for seed yield and other yield contributing characters. For oil content, the parents SKP-49, SKI-202, SKI 232 and JI-260 were superior general combiners under irrigated environment, whereas under the un-irrigated situation, SKP-84, JP-82, JI 263 and JI-258 were the good general combiners. The hybrids which recorded high sca effects forseed yield wereGeetha x JI-224 and SKP-49 x JI-227 under irrigated and un-irrigated environments, respectively. Looking to the importance of both additive and non-additive gene action in the inheritance of various characters, a breeding strategy involving biparental matings coupled with reciprocal recurrent selection may be employed for simultaneous improvement of the characters.
Biology of Gesonia gemma (Swinhoe) on soybean
Authors: NANDA KHANDWE  , G SHALI RAJU
Published: October 2023

Studies on the biology of grey semilooper, Gesonia gemma were carried out in the laboratory during the rainy season of 2012. A female laid eggs from 149 to 247 (average 182 ± 36.97) on the upper surface of the soybean (Glycine max L.) leaves. Most of the eggs were deposited near midrib and basal part of the leaves. There were 5 larval instars, differing in colouration. Fully grown larvae measured 18.0-22.0 mm in length and 2.0-2.5 mm in width. Prolegs were present on 4th, 5th, 6th and last abdominal segment. The duration of the egg, larval and pupal periods was 2-3, 9-17 and 7-8 days, respectively. The total duration from egg to adult emergence was completed in 18-28 days. The size of the pupa was 8-9 mm in length and 1.9 to 2.1 mm in width. Female pupa was comparatively long in size than male. Medium sized moth measuring 6.0-8.0 mm body length 15.0-17.0 mm wing expanse. The longevity of adult male and female was 3 to 6 and 2 to 8 days, respectively.
Constraint analysis of the farmers on climate variability in castor (Ricinus communis L.)
Authors: P ARCHANA  , M JAGAN MOHAN REDDY  , I SREENIVASA RAO  , G D S KUMAR
Published: October 2023

Castor (Ricinus communis L.) is cultivated extensively in Mahaboobnagar district of Andhra Pradesh because of the commercial importance ofits oil. The area and production of castorin Mahaboobnagaris gradually decreasing for which one of the most important reasons is the high incidence of botrytis greyrot disease due to conducive climate variations. Apart from this, the frequent droughts in the region also influence in reduction of area. Keeping this in view the present study was carried out to understand the problems and suggestions as perceived by farmers on adaptation to climate variability in castor. The results indicated that high incidence of botrytis disease in rainy season, lack of training on climate variability coping mechanisms were some of the problems. Development of cultivars resistant to botrytis disease with short stature and profuse branching, providing training to farmers and extension officials on techniques of crop production and adaptation options to face the climate variability in castor were some of the perceived suggestions. Based on the results a strategy was developed to enhance the adaptability of castor farmers towards climate variability.
Maintainer/restorer identification for different CMS lines in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.)
Authors: H P MEENA  , M SUJATHA
Published: October 2023

Thirty one uniform and stable germplasm accessions of economic importance of sunflower were crossed with five cytoplasmic male sterile lines viz., CMS-234A, CMS-17A, CMS-338A, CMS-851A and ARM-243A in a Line x Tester fashion to study their maintainer or restorer reaction during kharif-2012 in a Randomized Block Design in two replications. The accessions TSG-22, TSG-24, ID-7, SCG-37, RHA-464 and ID-25 acted asrestorersfor allfive CMS lines. It was found that ID-33 of the restorer for ARM-243A was maintainer for other CMS lines. The use of stable germplasm with restorer behaviour in heterosis breeding programmes and those with maintainer behaviour in the development of new CMS lines through conversion has been suggested. The identification of new restorers to the good combiner CMS sources assembled should receive priority for hybrid synthesis.
Effect of integrated nutrient management on seed yield and economics of sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) in assured rainfall zone of North Maharashtra
Authors: H S MAHAJAN  , N A HIRVE  , M R DESHMUKH
Published: October 2023

Field experiments were conducted during kharif seasons of 2007, 2008 and 2009 on sesame cv. JLT-7 in deep black soil of Mamurabad farm, Oilseed Research Station,Jalgaon, Maharashtra to find out appropriate combination of organic and inorganic sources of nutrient with bio-inoculants. The organic sources (FYM, vermicompost and castor cake) were integrated with nitrogen fertilizer and biofertilizer (Azospirillum and Phosphorus solubilizing bacteria) and bioagents (Trichoderma viride and Psuedomonas fluorescens). The experimental result showed that, application of 75% recommended dose of N (37.5 kg/ha) along with 2.5 ton of Castor cake or FYM in combination with biofertilizer/bioinoclants was found to be not only promising for yield maximization but also for realizing higher returns under rainfed condition of North Maharashtra region.
Genetic diversity analysis for seed yield and quality characters in sesame (Sesamum indicum L.)
Authors: S R KUMHAR  , B R CHOUDHARY  , S PAROHA
Published: October 2023

Genetic divergence wasstudied by growing thirty six genotypes ofsesame, Sesamum indicum L. at Agricultural Research Station, Mandor, Jodhpur during rainy season 2010. The mean sum of squares were significant for all the characters, indicating the presence of variability. Characters like seed yield, free fatty acid, oxalic acid content, number of productive capsules/plant and productive branches/plant exhibited high heritability coupled with high genetic advance revealing that these characters were controlled by additive gene action. The hierarchical cluster analysis indicated the presence of considerable genetic divergence among the genotypes. The genotypes were grouped into seven clusters using Ward's minimum variance method. The intercluster Euclidean2 distance was maximum between cluster III and VII (42.71) followed by cluster VI and VII (41.90) and cluster II and VII (39.03) which indicated that the genotypes included in these clusters will give high heterotic response and thus better segregants. The maximum cluster means were revealed by cluster III for days to 50% flowering, maturity, number of productive branches/plant, oxalic acid content and free fatty acid followed by cluster VI for seed yield, number of productive capsules/plant and oil content, and clusterI and IV for plant height and 1000 seed weight,respectively. While cluster VII showed minimum cluster mean for days to maturity, plant height and free fatty acid and cluster I and IV for oxalic acid and days to 50% flowering. Among the 10 characters, number of primary branches/plant contributed the most (12.06%) towards the divergence of genotypes.
Factors affecting groundnut output in Andhra Pradesh: co-integration and error-correction modeling
Authors: ASHOK KUMAR  , K N SINGH  , S P BHARDWAJ
Published: October 2023

Groundnut is an important oilseed crop of India. The area under groundnut in India was maximum (8.0 million ha), however the production was less due to the lowest yield (938 kg/ha) among all Asian countries. Thus it becomes more important to identify the factors affecting groundnut productivity which is directly related to the farmer's income, sustainable supply and the price stabilization. Unless until the factors affecting groundnut productivity are known, the corrective measures can not be initiated. In this paper efforts have been made to examine whether producer's price, area cultivated, fertilizer applied and rainfall have an important effect on groundnut production in Andhra Pradesh using co-integration and error correction modeling. Co-integration and error correction modeling tend to solve spurious regression results obtained from the analysis of macro-economic data and also establish an equilibrium long-run relationship which enables one to carry out a valid inference of the explanatory variables that are responsible for affecting the output of the crop. A stationary test was performed which revealed only rainfall series was stationary at level, while other series become stationary at first differencing applying the unit root test. Johansen co-integration and error correction procedure was adopted which indicates the existence of five co-integrating vectors at 1% level of significance, hence rejecting the null hypothesis of no co-integrating vector. Further, a parsimonious error correction model was applied. The statistical significance of error correction model for groundnut validates the existence of an equilibrium relationship among the variables. The results, therefore, indicate the combined effect of area, fertilizer, rainfall and price jointly affect the output of groundnut in Andhra Pradesh. Therefore, a favorable price policy, assured irrigation and timely supply of fertilizers at remunerative price would help the farmers to allocate more area under groundnut. These measures are necessary to enhance the productivity as well as income of the farmers and also supply of groundnut in the benefit of consumers.
Genetic divergence analysis for qualitative and quantitative traits in groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.)
Authors: S R YADAV  , S B S TIKKA  , A H RATHOD  , S S PATADE  , C N PATIL  , P O VAGHELA
Published: October 2023

In the present investigation, 60 genotypes of groundnut were grouped into 12 different clusters. D2analysis indicated existence of wider genetic variability in the population of sixty genotypes which were grouped in twelve clusters, based on their inter clusters distance. The maximum inter-cluster distance was found between cluster III and X carrying one and two genotypes from each cluster respectively followed by that between V and X and cluster III and XII. The minimum inter-cluster distance was observed between cluster VII and XI. The minimum intra-cluster distance (D) was found in cluster II which includes eight genotypes. Cluster III showed high genetic divergence with cluster X followed by cluster V. Therefore it is advisable to make crossing between the genotypes from cluster I with cluster X, cluster III, cluster V and cluster VIII for the generation of wide spectrum genetic variability and isolation of transgressive segregants for enhancement of pod yield in groundnut.
Genetic analysis for seed yield and its contributing traits in linseed (Linum usitatissimum L.)
Authors: ACHILA SINGH  , NALINI TEWARI
Published: October 2023

An experiment was conducted to study the gene action in linseed through diallel analysis using 11 parents and their 55 crosses. Analysis of variance showed highly significant differences among the genotypes for all the traits. Graphical analysis displayed non-additive gene action playing major role in the expression of all the attributes. Components of variance revealed the presence of both additive as well as dominance component for days to 50 per cent flowering, days to maturity, plant height, number of seeds/capsule, 100-seed weight, seed yield/plant, harvest index and oil content. Average degree of dominance ( 1/Ď) 0.5 exhibited over dominance for all the traits except test weight. High estimates of heritability with high genetic advance were reported for 100-seed weight whereas high heritability with low genetic advance was observed for days to maturity and oil content. Low heritability with high genetic advance was recorded for number of capsules/plant and primary branches/plant. Moderate heritability with high genetic advance was noticed for seed yield/plant.
Exploitation of heterosis in linseed (Linum usitatissimum L.)
Authors: NALINI TEWARI  , ACHILA SINGH
Published: October 2023

Heterosis was estimated for 55 hybrids for eight different characters and was expressed as increase or decrease over superior parent. Hybrids in which R-17, Gaurav and Shubhra were involved as female parents and 1/76 and Shubhra as male parents exhibited highest positive heterosis for most of the characters. This indicated the presence of higher frequency of additive alleles in these parents. Hybrids viz., Gaurav x 1/76 and Shubhra x 1/76 were found superior in respect of seed yield/plant, primary branches/plant, number of capsules/plant and 100-seed weight.
Morphological and molecular characterization of anamorph associated with gray mold of castor (Ricinus communis L.)
Authors: C YAMUNA  , P KISHORE VARMA  , R D PRASAD  , K VIJAYA LAKSHMI
Published: October 2023

Graymold of castor caused by the anamorph ofBotryotinia ricini isthe most important disease and causessevere losses when there are heavy and continuous rains during capsule formation stage. In the present investigation, the anamorph of B. ricini was characterized based on morphological and molecular studies. The size of conidia and conidiophores were recorded from the culture grown on oat meal enriched medium for morphological characterization. Cultural characters like colony colour, growth pattern and sclerotial production were studied on six growth media.Based on microscopic observations, the anamorph wasidentified as Amphobotrysricini. Further, the identity was confirmed by amplifying fungal DNA using two universal Internal Transcribed Spacer (ITS) primers, ITS1 and ITS4 in a polymerase chain reaction. A single 0.5 kb band was amplified and amplified region is sequenced and analyzed in a standard Gen Bank BLAST search for fungal species identification. BLAST search has shown 99% similarity of the query sequence with Amphobotrys ricini. The results of this study confirmed that A. ricini is the anamorphic state associated with castor gray mold in Hyderabad region of Telangana state.
Stability analysis for traits related to seed yield in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.)
Authors: K D BHOITE  , L L MANE  , A M LANGHI
Published: October 2023

An investigation was made to test the adaptability of twenty two hybrids along with four check hybrids for seed yield/plot(g), head diameter (cm) and hundred seed weight (g) over six environments. Environmental variances were significant for all the characterssuggesting the presence of genetic variability among genotypes over environments. The G x E (linear) were non-significant for all the characters under studied when tested against pooled deviation, indicates unpredictable performance of genotypes over the environments. The environment indicesrevealed that E2 was the most favourable environment for seed yield/plot (g), head diameter and 100-seed weight. For the stability parameter, none of the hybrid was ideal with an average adaptability for all the traits. The hybrid SVSH-473 had bi value nearer to unity (b=1), non-significant value of S2 di and higher mean than the population mean indicating average stability and suitable for all environments. Based on the mean performance for head diameter the hybrid, SVSH-467 and for 100-seed weight the hybrid, SVSH-458 showed stable performance.
Impact of farmer field school on extent of adoption of improved practices by groundnut farmers
Authors: S SREENIVASULU  , P K JAIN  , T P SASTRY
Published: October 2023

The present study was conducted in Chittoor district of Andhra Pradesh to know the impact of Farmer Field School(FFS) on extent of adoption ofimproved practices by groundnutfarmers. The sample consisted oftwo groups of participants and non-participants(120 each group) making a totalsample size of 240 farmers. The study followed expost-facto research method. The resultsrevealed that half of the participant farmers were in the medium adoption category followed by high and low adoption categories whereas, lessthan half (45.83%) of non-participant farmers were in the medium adoption category followed by low and high adoption categories, respectively. Majority of the participant farmers had adopted the improved practices taught in FFS when compared to non-participant farmers. The 't' value (11.27) also indicated that therewassignificantmean difference between participant and non-participant farmers of FFS about adoption of improved practices of groundnut. It is concluded from the study that the season long FFS programme had positive impact on adoption ofimproved practicesin groundnut by the participantfarmers.
Impact of intercropping of canola oilseed rape (Brassica napus) and Ethiopian mustard (Brassica carinata) with Indian rape (Brassica rapa var. toria) on productivity, economics and competitive indices
Authors: MANDEEP KAUR  , VIRENDER SARDANA  , PUSHP SHARMA
Published: October 2023

In the absence of additional land available for cultivation of oilseeds, the widening gap between demand and availability of edible oils in India vis-à-vis increasing dependence on import of vegetable oils can be bridged through improvement in productivity per unit area and time. The present investigation was conducted during rabi 2014-15 to study the compatibility, production potential and optimum row proportion of component crops and economics of intercropping systems of oilseed rape (Brassica napus), Ethiopian mustard (Brassica carinata) and Indian rape (Brassica rapa var. toria). The experiment comprising 14 treatments was conducted in randomized complete block design with three replications. Treatments comprised intercropping ofIndian rape with oilseed rape (canola and non canola) and Ethiopian mustard in different row proportions and row spacings and sole crops. Crops were sown simultaneously inmid September and harvested at different times. Canola/non canola oilseed rape based ICS resulted in higher oilseed rape equivalent seed yields (1806-1958 kg/ha for canola and 2272 kg/ha for non canola), gross income (` 64645-68194/ha for canola and ` 79212/ha for non canola) and net returns (` 37527-38126/ha for canola and ` 49144/ha for non canola) than sole crops (1630 kg, ` 60135 and ` 34625 per ha, respectively for canola and 1849 kg, ` 70188 and ` 44678 per ha, respectively for non canola). Yields, gross and net returns, B:C ratio, monetaryadvantage index, land equivalent ratio and area time equivalent ratio ofintercropping of non canola oilseed rape (2272 kg/ha, ` 79212/ha, ` 49144/ha, 1.63, ` 13990/ha, 1.40 and 1.10, respectively) with Indian rape were higher than that from canola oilseed rape based ICS (1806-1958 kg/ha, ` 64645-68194/ha, ` 37527-38126, 1.26-1.38, ` 5379-8709/ha, 1.17-1.29 and 0.97-1.02, respectively). On the other hand, sole crop of Ethiopian mustard (30 cm row spacing) produced higher equivalent seed yield (2245 kg/ha) and resulted in higher gross income (` 79376/ha), net returns (` 52660/ha) and B:C (1.97) than its intercropping with Indian rape (2176-2216kg/ha, ` 77339-77760/ha, ` 50220-50642/ha and 1.85-1.87, respectively). Non-canola oilseed rape was more compatible with Indian rape than canola oilseed rape and Ethiopian mustard.
Evaluation of linseed germplasm for resistance against rust (Melampsora lini)
Authors: ASHOK KUMAR  , SABITA EKKA  , U K TRIPATHI
Published: October 2023

Two hundred germplasm lines of linseed were screened against rust disease caused by Melampsora lini at two hot spot locations viz., Kangra, Himachal Pradesh and Kanke, Jharkhand for three consecutive rabi seasons of 2011-12 to 2013-14. Thirty four entries were highly resistant, 21 were resistant, 19 were moderately resistant, 12 were moderately susceptible and rest of them were susceptible to highly susceptible to rust against the naturally occurring races of Melampsora lini in the Kangra valley of Himachal Pradesh. At Kanke, out oftwo hundred entries evaluated, thirty seven entries were highly resistant, 27 were resistant, 28 were moderately resistant, 23 were moderately susceptible and remaining were susceptible to highly susceptible to rust. Twenty genotypes namely Jabalpur local, KP-13B, Mayurbanj local, MS-3, OP-2-2, Polf-2, Polf-16, KL-1, LC-2014, LC-2127, LCK-9119, LCK-9303, LCK-9320, LCK-9324, SJKO-10, EC-384154, H-43, H-5, ES-44 and LC-2002 had disease score of 0at both the locations and were rated as highly resistant.
Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) yield forecasting in India - an application of Auto Regressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) model
Authors: K ALIVELU  , P PADMAVATHI  , C SARADA  , P LAKSHMAMMA  , M SANTHA LAKSHMI
Published: October 2023

The present study was carried out for forecasting the safflower productivity of India by fitting univariate Auto Regressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) models. The data on safflower yield collected from 1965-66 to 2013-14 has been used for present study. The order of an ARIMA model is usually denoted by the notation ARIMA (p,d,q), where p is the order of the autoregressive part; d is the order of the differencing; q is the order of the moving-average process. For different values of p and q, various ARIMA models were fitted and appropriate model was chosen corresponding to minimum value of Akaike information criteria (AIC), Schwarz-Bayesian information criteria (SBC). ARIMA (1, 1, 2) model was found suitable for all India safflower yield with minimum MAPE (5.4).
GIS mapping and survey for powdery mildew severity on linseed (Linum usitatissimum L.) in Northern Karnataka
Authors: ARSHIYA ANJUM  , D S ASWATHANARAYANA  , K AJITHKUMAR  , M R GOVINDAPPA  , S A BIRADAR
Published: October 2023

Powderymildewoflinseed caused byLeveillula taurica (Lev.) Arn. is one ofthe economicallyimportant disease causing yield loss up to 60 per cent. Survey conducted in Northern Karnataka to assess the severity of linseed powdery mildew during rabi of 2014-15 revealed that mean maximum powdery mildew was observed in Raichur (98.00) followed by Bellari (32.50), Bidar (19.00), Vijayapura (17.66), Koppal (14.00), Yadgir (13.00) and least per cent disease index was observed in Kalaburgi (11.85). During the survey it was observed that the incidence of the disease was maximum in Raichur district, this may be due to the fact that crop coincides with the favourable weather factors such as cold temperature at night and warm days, no rainfall during crop growth period, continuous cultivation of linseed crop in the same area might have provided the primary source of inoculum.
Influence of improved production technologies on productivity and economics of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) in Nichabanadhi sub-basin of Tamil Nadu
Authors: M PARAMASIVAN  , A SELVARANI
Published: October 2023

Two hundred and fifteen on-farmdemonstrations on improved production technology (IPT) for sunflower were carried out in 175 hectares of farmer's fields in Sankarankovil, Vasudevanallur and Kuruvikulam blocks of Tirunelveli district of Tamil Nadu from 2009-10 to 2011-12. The results revealed that the adoption of improved production technology favorably influenced growth, yield and economics ofsunflower. Higher mean net returns of Rs. 34,818/ha with a benefit: cost ratio of 2.66 was obtained with improved production technologies in comparison to farmer's practice (mean net returns of Rs. 19,385/ha and benefit: cost ratio of 2.05). Adoption of IPT gained an additional net profit of Rs. 15,433/ha as compared to traditional method of sunflower cultivation.
Combining ability studies in groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) genotypes
Authors: M VAITHIYALINGAN
Published: October 2023

Combining ability analysis was carried out for 24 hybrids developed through line x tester mating design in groundnut. Non-additive gene action was predominant for all the characters studied. Based on the mean gca effects parents viz., JL 777, RG 426 and JDR 66 could be selected for crossing programme to obtain yield improvement. Among the crosses, R 2001-3 x R 2001-2 registered significant sca effects. Hence pedigree breeding method could be adopted to isolate desirable recombinants. Crosses viz., JL777 x R 2001-2 and JL777 x RG 426 could be exploited for recombination breeding.
Genetic diversity in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.)
Authors: M MALLIK  , N MANIVANNAN  , R CHANDIRAKALA
Published: October 2023

A study was conducted to determine the diversity among sunflower genotypes using D2 analysis during kharif, 2014. Study of per se performance of genotype, ARM 243B showed superiority for head diameter, 100-seed weight, seed yield per plant, oil yield per plant and with moderate resistance to Alternaria leaf spot disease. This was followed by COSF 2B, COSF 7B, CSFI 5019, CSFI 5040, CSFI 5083, CSFI 5213, CSFI 5336 and TNHSF 239-68-1-1-1. These genotypes showed high oil yield per plant and few component traits with moderate resistance to Alternaria leaf spot disease. These genotypes can be used for increasing oil yield by hybridization for development of hybrids. Parental divergence study showed that 115 genotypes were grouped into nine clusters. Considering the cluster mean and divergence values, clusters VII and VIII were more diverse followed by clusters II and VIII, I and VIII, III and VIII, V and VIII and VI and VIII suggesting that hybridization between divergent groups may lead to more variability for the characters concerned. Among the diverse clusters, genotypes CSFI 13024 and TNHSF 239-68-1-1-1 of cluster VII and CSFI 13022, CSFI 13023, CSFI 13069 and CSFI 13071 of cluster VIII may be crossed to obtain wider variation in segregating population.
Evaluation of mobile based agro-advisory services - A case of e-kapas and reliance information services
Authors: A SRINIVAS  , G D S KUMAR  , M PADMAIAH
Published: October 2023

A study was conducted in Telangana state to ascertain the knowledge gain and benefits attained by the farmers through Mobile Based Agro-Advisory Services (MBAS). Ex-post facto research design was used in the present investigation. Randomsamplingmethod was used to select the respondents. The study constituted of 60 respondents of cotton farmers and 90 respondents of oilseeds farmers. It was observed from the study that, both cotton and oilseeds farmers were middle aged, educated up to primary school, small farm holders, with medium level of information acquisition, information management and listening behaviours. Cotton farmers were having high-risk orientation whereas, oilseeds farmers were having low-risk orientation. Based on the study, it was concluded that cotton and oilseedsfarmers possessed favourable attitude towards mobile based agro-advisory services (MBAS) and with medium level of knowledge on recommended cultivation practices. Oilseed farmers had low adoption and cotton farmers had medium level of adoption of recommended cultivation practices as a result of mobile based agro-advisory services. Majority of the farmers had positive followed by neutral and negative opinion on the timeliness of the messages, relevance, audio quality, message treatment, content adequacy and content usefulness.
GDM 4: High yielding, high oil content and bold seeded variety of Indian mustard [Brassica juncea (L). Czern and Coss]
Authors: K P PRAJAPATI  , P J PATEL  , J R PATEL  , A L JAT  , G P GANGWAR  , B K PATEL  , A G DESAI
Published: October 2023

Extensive crop breeding efforts were made to develop high yielding, high oil content and bold seeded varieties for mustard growing area of Gujarat. As a result, the genotype SKM 301 (GDM 4) was identified and evaluated for its yield potentiality along with state and national check varieties (Varuna, GM 3 and Kranti) at various locations of Gujarat as state trial and different locations of Zone IV under AICRP on Rapeseed-Mustard trials. As compared to check varieties, the entry SKM 301 recorded higher mean seed yield 2417 kg/ha and high oil content (39.02%) and 1000-seed weight (5.70 g). Tolerant to lodging and shattering are additional features of this entry, SKM 301.
Impact of irrigation schedules and mulch on productivity and moisture extraction pattern of linseed (Linum usitatissimum)
Authors: S SARKAR  , A SARKAR
Published: October 2023

A field experiment was conducted during rabi 2010-11 and 2011-12 to evaluate the effect of irrigation and mulch on seed yield, oil yield and water use of linseed. Linseed irrigated at IW/CPE of 0.6 showed 6.72 and 17.63 per cent higher seed yield compared to IW/CPE of 0.4 (669 kg/ha) and rainfed (607 kg/ha), respectively and was significantly superior. Maximumseed yield of about 707 kg/ha under the treatment receiving black polythenemulch, which was about 4.33, 8.72 and 14.76 per cent higher over the treatments receiving straw @ 5 t/ha, water hyacinth @ 5 t/ha and no mulch, respectively. Maximum oil yield was registered by the crop irrigated at IW/CPE of 0.6 and treatment receiving black polythene mulch. Water use efficiency was highest with rainfed treatment and that receiving black polythene. The significant increase in seed yield has led to increase in water productivity ofthe crop. Linseed extracted maximum soil moisture at its grand growth stage. The treatment combination receiving irrigation at IW/CPE of 0.6 along with black polythene mulch maintained its superiority with highest net return and B:C ratio and proved as best treatment combination.
GreenPHABLETTM video for effective information dissemination on hermetic groundnut storage technology
Authors: V V SUMANTHKUMAR  , P VIJAYRAJU  , S HARI KISHAN  , D KUMARA CHARYULU  , T CHAKRADHAR  , CHAKRAVARTY AMIT  , K V RAO  , P MADHURI
Published: October 2023

Information and communication technologies (ICT) tools can facilitate dissemination of need based and farmer centric information at an affordable cost to India's rural population. One of the major constraints of groundnut production is aflatoxin accumulation and insect infestation during storage. In our studies conducted at ICRISAT, the Purdue Improved Crop Storage (PICS) hermetic storage technology proved effective against insect infestation and aflatoxin accumulation during storage. To facilitate visual learning of the use of hermetic storage, a five minute GreenPHABLETTM video (GPV) in the local language was developed at ICRISAT. A 3-month long experiment was conducted in collaboration with an NGO Samatha of Penugonda in Anantapur district of Andhra Pradesh, India to assess the dissemination potential of GPV. A survey conducted among 30 farmers who received the video, revealed that about 80% of farmers received the video from a fellow farmer and only 20 per cent farmers received from the extension agents. Majority of the farmers received the video on their mobile phones through "Share It" (73.3%) and 13.3 per cent received via "Bluetooth", further 10 per cent reported through "WhatsApp" and while only 3.3% received it through the computer by USB Copy. After three months, 300 farmers from40 villages received the GPV, while our 30 respondents shared the GPV with 150 farmers and screened the GPV to 200 farmers. The experiment showsthat GPV can be an effective tool for spreading information about the groundnut hermetic storage technology and other agricultural innovations.
Effect of different culture media, temperature and pH on growth and sporulation of Alternaria carthami
Authors: V M GHOLVE  , S B GHUGE  , S V PAWAR
Published: October 2023

Among the eight culture media tested for the growth of Alternaria carthami, the potato dextrose agar showed highest growth (90.00 mm) followed by potato malt agar (84.16 mm) and yeast mannitol agar (73.33 mm). The colony growth recorded in different temperature ranged from 5.66 mm at 5°C to 85.66 mm at 30°C. The highest mycelial growth (85.66 mm) was recorded at 30°C with excellent sporulation followed by 25°C (83.83 mm) and 20°C (66.33 mm). The colony growth recorded with all the pH levels was ranged from 30.50 mm at pH 4.0 to 85.83 mm at pH 6.5, the maximum mycelial growth (85.83 mm) was recorded at pH 6.5 with excellent sporulation, followed by pH 6 (82.00 mm) and pH 7 (70.33 mm) with excellent and good sporulation, respectively.
Characterization of diverse sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) panel through morphological and molecular marker analysis
Authors: VIVEK KUMAR  , SIMA SINHA  , SWETA SINHA  , S N SINGH
Published: October 2023

Sesame is one of the most important and ancient oilseeds crop with high and good quality oils content. Present Investigation was carried out for the assessment of the genetic diversity using 33 sesame genotypes through morphologically and 21 SSR markers. In the morphological diversity analysis, nine clusters were observed with 33 genotypes using all phenological, yield and its contributing attributes. Among the 9 clusters, cluster II had maximum number of genotypes (14) followed by cluster III (6), cluster IV (5), cluster I (3), cluster V, VI, VII, VIII and IX had one genotype to each cluster. The highest inter-cluster distance was observed between cluster VI and I (386.70), which indicates maximum diversity between the genotypes of these clusters, could be further used in crossing programme. However, SSR markers grouped 33 genotypes into six clusters at 0.51 dissimilarity index. In which cluster V had maximum (7) genotypes and cluster VI had minimum (3) genotypes. The results of genetic diversity tallied with the morphological diversity, such as BRT-04 are the farthest from BRT-08, BRT-09 and BRT-10, however BRT-08, BRT-09 and BRT-10 are in the same cluster in both morphological and molecular diversity analysis. The UPGMA dendrogramwas constructed using Jaccard's dissimilarity coefficients based on SSR markers score on thirty-three genotypes. Polymorphism information content (PIC) value varied between 0.15 and 0.36 with an average of 0.27. The genotypes from the distinct clusters can be utilized for hybridization programme to recover heterotic pools.
Influence of irrigation scheduling and fertility levels on growth, yield and economics of linseed (Linum usitatissimum L.) in Kymore Plateau and Satpura Hills region
Authors: ANAMIKA JAIN BADKUL  , P B SHARMA  , ARCHIT KUMAR NAYAK  , SHRITAMA BHUNIYA  , NAMARATA JAIN
Published: October 2023

A field experiment was conducted to assess the growth, yield and economics of linseed crop under the influence of various irrigation schedule and fertility levels on sandy loam soil of Kymore plateau and Satpura hills region during the rabi season of 2020-21 at Research farm, College of Agriculture, JNKVV, Jabalpur. A split plot design with three irrigation levels that comprised of no irrigation, 0.6 IW/CPE ratio and 0.8 IW/CPE ratio and four fertility levels of NPKS i.e. 30:20:10:00, 30:20:10:20, 60:40:20:00 and 60:40:20:20 with three replications was adopted. Results revealed that irrigation scheduling as per 0.8 IW/CPE ratio recorded maximum seed yield (1327.71 kg/ha). However, in case of fertility levels, the seed yield registered was high (1324 kg/ha) under 60:40:20:20 kg NPKS/ha dose of fertilizer. Irrigation at 0.8 IW/CPE ratio accrued highest B:C ratio of 2.45 followed by 0.6 IW/CPE ratio (2.37). Among the different nutrient levels, application of 60:40:20:20 kg NPKS/ha fetched highest B:C ratio of 2.43 followed by 60:40:20:00 kg NPKS/ha (2.13).
Studies on genetic variability in sesame (Sesamum indicum L.)
Authors: S SASIPRIYA  , K PARIMALA  , K B ESWARI  , M BALRAM
Published: October 2023

A study was carried out using 45 genotypes of sesame to evaluate the genetic variability parameters at Seed Research and Technology Centre, Hyderabad during late kharif, 2017. Analysis of variance indicated the presence of highly significant differences among the genotypes for the traits under consideration. The genotype, Julang Sesame and NI8-8316 recorded the highest seed yield per plant. Seed yield per plant recorded the highest GCV and PCV followed by 1000-seed weight and number of seeds per capsule. Days to 50% flowering and capsule length showed comparativelylower GCV and PCV values. High heritability coupled with high estimates of genetic advance as per cent of mean was exhibited by 1000-seed weight followed by number of seeds per capsule, number of branches per plant and number of capsules per plant, suggesting a simple selection may reward their improvement. On the other hand, traits such as days to 50% flowering, plant height and capsule length recorded high values of heritability and moderate values of genetic advance as per cent of mean suggesting their governance by non- additive gene action.
Biological control of charcoal rot of sesame caused by Macrophomina phaseolina
Authors: PREETI VASHISHT  , H S SHARAN  , A S RATHI
Published: October 2023

The potential of bio-agents for the management of sesame root rot caused by Macrophomina phaseolina was evaluated under in vitro conditions. The isolates of bio-agents used for the management of root rot ofsesame were Trichoderma viride, Trichoderma harzianum and Pseudomonas fluorescens. The growth of T. viride, T. harzianum and P. fluorescens was observed in dual culture. The maximum mycelial growth inhibition was showed by T. harzianum by 66.94% followed by T. viride by 59.9% and then by P. fluorescens by 59.9%. The volatile and non-volatile compounds produced by different bio-agentsinhibited the colony growth of M. phaseolina. Maximum mycelial growth inhibition was showed byT. harzianum by59.4% by the production of volatile compounds followed by T. viride and P. fluorescens. By the production of non-volatile compounds the maximummycelial inhibition was done by T. harzianum by 59.9%, again followed by T. viride and P. fluorescens. Biological control has become an alternate and most important part of plant disease management as chemical pesticides possess harmful effects on environment and human health.
Los niveles educativos de los mexicoamericanos y su idiosincrasia: Estudio de caso. Cuatro descendientes de migrantes terracalentanos del Estado de Michoacán
Authors: Torres Campos Eduwiges
Published: October 2023

a obra nos participa de los hallazgos encontrados por el Dr. Eduwiges Torres Campos a partir de su investigación sobre la idiosincrasia del mexicoamericano radicado en Pierson, comunidad ubicada en el Condado de Volusia, Estado de Florida de la Unión Americana. El libro a través de un estudio de caso; aborda la historia de cuatro primogénitos, descendientes de los migrantes de San Pedro, poblado situado en el Municipio de San Lucas, ubicado en el Estado de Michoacán, en la zona de Tierra Caliente. El texto muestra la trascendencia cultural de los terracalentanos y su impacto en la cosmovisión del mexicoamericano; su objetivo principal es generar evidencia sustantiva que ayude a entender mejor la relación entre migración, globalización y herencia cultural; el estudio abarcó los años finalescircundantes al siglo XX e inicios del siglo XXI. El primero capítulo titulado “Contemplación referencial de la migración en México y su entorno en la globalización” establece, que el creciente flujo migratorio desarrollado en México, a partir de la década de los años ochenta, es producto de la inercia cosmopolita de la globalización. El segundo capítulo, “Referencias teóricas de la migración” abarca dos escenarios analíticos, en el primero, se exponen algunas de las corrientes teóricas que abordan el tema de la migración,posteriormente se revisan algunos planteamientos de la teoría social y las teorías de las redes migratorias. El tercer capítulo, “Esbozo histórico de los movimientos migratorios de los mexicanos hacia Estados Unidos (1900-1986)” aborda dos escenarios históricos, por una parte, presenta la situación sociohistórica y económica de México, a partir de 1900 hasta el año de 1986. Por otra parte, describe a grandes rasgos, la práctica migratoria realizada por los mexicanos, hacia los Estados Unidos, a partir de 1900 hasta el año de 1986. El cuarto y último capítulo titulado, “Situación sociocultural e idiosincrasia de los mexicoamericanos”, presenta, una semblanza histórica, iniciada a mediados de la década de los años ochenta del siglo pasado, hasta el año del 2019. Se revisan aspectos demográficos, educativos y socioeconómicos de los habitantes del poblado de San Pedro, Municipio de San Lucas, ubicado en el Estado de Michoacán. El capítulo realiza un seguimiento a los primeros migrantes de San Pedro que se instalan en la comunidad de Pierson, Condado de Volusia, ubicado en el Estado de Florida de la Unión Americana.