bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
AgriTech Innovations: Revolutionizing Modern Agriculture
Authors: Krishna Pasupuleti Murali
Published: August 2024

Abstract: This chapter explores the profound impact of AgriTech innovations on modern agriculture, detailing how technological advancements are revolutionizing traditional farming practices. It begins with an overview of AgriTech, its definition, and historical evolution, highlighting its critical role in contemporary agricultural landscapes. Key innovations such as precision farming, drones, automation, smart irrigation, and biotechnology are examined, showcasing their contributions to enhancing productivity, efficiency, and sustainability. The chapter also delves into data-driven agriculture, emphasizing the role of big data, AI, and machine learning in predictive analytics and informed decision-making. The socio-economic implications of AgriTech are discussed, revealing its potential to boost profitability, stimulate rural development, and create employment opportunities. Future prospects and emerging technologies, including vertical farming, AI advancements, and blockchain integration, are explored, offering a vision for the future of farming and global food security. Challenges to AgriTech adoption, including technical, infrastructural, and regulatory barriers, are addressed, along with strategies to promote widespread implementation. This chapter underscores the transformative potential of AgriTech in ensuring sustainable, resilient, and efficient agricultural practices for the future. Keywords: AgriTech,Precision Farming,Drones in Agriculture,Agricultural Robotics,Smart Irrigation,Biotechnology in Agriculture,Data-Driven Agriculture,Big Data Analytics,Artificial Intelligence in Farming,Sustainable Agriculture,Environmental Impact,Economic Benefits,Rural Development,Blockchain in Agriculture,Future of Farming,Global Food Security,Agricultural Innovation,Smart Farming Techniques,Agricultural Technology Adoption and Predictive Analytics in Agriculture.
THE EFFECT OF TILLAGE TECHNOLOGY ON THE AMOUNT OF WEEDS AND THE YIELD OF POTATOES
Authors:   Azerbaijan State Agricultural University, Ganja, Azerbaijan, Khankishiyev Elnur
Published: August 2024

Weeds deprive agricultural plants of life factors and deteriorate their productivity and quality indicators. Therefore, agricultural experts try to reduce the amount of weeds to minimize the damage caused by it. First of all, it is important to know their biological characteristics, extent of spread, species composition, which is reflected in the article, in order to carry out the measures against weeds correctly. It is known from the species composition of weeds spread in potato crops that it is possible to eliminate the damage caused by applying the correct soil cultivation technology. In the research work, when the intermediate plant (field pea + oat mixture) planted under rotation conditions is disked and mixed with the soil and plowed as a result of soil cultivation measures, the reduction of the amount of weeds significantly increases the productivity. Here, the yield increase was 58.5 q/ha or 37.55% compared to the variant that was left fallow after wheat, plowed 25-30 cm and sprayed with herbicide. This suggests that it is possible to significantly increase productivity while minimizing the use of herbicides by applying the correct tillage technology in potato crops.
INFLUENCE OF PIGEON PARAMYXOVIRUS TYPE-1 ON CLINCOPATHOLOGICAL PROFILES IN RACING PIGEONS ASSOCIATED WITH RECENT OUTBREAKS IN IRAQ
Authors:   Department of Medical Sciences, College of Nursing, University of Misan, Maysan, Iraq, Ali Kraidi Qayssar
Published: August 2024

The number of racing pigeons recently increased in Iraq accompanied by significant increases in the number of events similar to the neurotrophic velogenic group of ND viruses in different regions. Thus, this research was designed to study the influence of natural infection with PPMV-1 on clincopathological profiles in four PPMV-1-associated mortality events in racing pigeons in the southern part of Iraq. The result revealed that HI antibody titers above the positivity threshold of four events were seen in (9 out of 24) of tested pigeons in all events, and the predominant signs included polyuria followed by neural symptoms which appear in most of the affected pigeons in the flock. All events showed a high mortality rate (60% - 70%) and absence of gross abnormalities in necropsied pigeons. kidney showed widespread interstitial hemorrhage and intensive epithelial sloughing of renal tubular epithelium, marked white pulp hyperplasia and marked peri-arteriolar fibrosis with onion skin appearance in the spleen, and marked destruction of the superficial intestinal mucosa and intensive inflammation in the site of tissue destruction. This study demonstrates the role of PPMV-1 on clincopathological profiles in racing pigeons associated with recent outbreaks in Iraq, polyuria followed by neural symptoms represent the predominant symptoms in the affected pigeons.
Meningkatkan Potensi Peserta Didik Melalui Program Parenting
Authors: Supriatna Atep
Published: August 2024

Artikel ini membahas pentingnya program parenting dalam meningkatkan potensi peserta didik. Berbagai penelitian menunjukkan bahwa keterlibatan orang tua dalam pendidikan anak berperan signifikan dalam meningkatkan prestasi akademik, keterampilan sosial, dan kesejahteraan emosional mereka. Program parenting yang efektif dapat menjadi jembatan antara rumah dan sekolah, memungkinkan kolaborasi yang lebih baik untuk mendukung perkembangan anak secara menyeluruh.
In memory Igor A. Rudnev
Authors:   National research nuclear university “MEPHI”, 115409 Moscow, Russia, Pokrovsky S. V. , Osipov M. A. ,   National research nuclear university “MEPHI”, 115409 Moscow, Russia, Mineev N. A. ,   National research nuclear university “MEPHI”, 115409 Moscow, Russia, Martirosyan I. V. ,   National research nuclear university “MEPHI”, 115409 Moscow, Russia, Veselova S. V. ,   National research nuclear university “MEPHI”, 115409 Moscow, Russia, Batulin R. G. ,   Institute of Physics, Kazan Federal University, 420008 Kazan, Russia
Published: August 2024

This article is in memory of the professor Igor A. Rudnev – Doctor of physical and mathematical sciences, teacher, founder and member of the editorial board of the journal ‘Superconductivity: Fundamental and Applied Research’ and just a unique person.
Navigating Academic Credentials in the Digital Age: Insights, Challenges, and Implications for Graduates
Authors: Khairuddin Irni Eliana , Safian Nurul Auni , Zaini Muhamad Khairulnizam , Uzir Nora’ayu Ahmad
Published: August 2024

In the contemporary landscape of employment, managing academic credentials and experiential records is crucial for recent graduates. This study investigates the motivations, challenges, and technological approaches involved in this process. Drawing on the significance of credential records, the study examines practices in handling them and the technological adoption in their management. Through a qualitative methodology conducted from October to November 2023, involving five recent graduates aged 23-26, both online and physical interviews were conducted using phones and laptops, and data was analyzed using deductive coding in both English and Bahasa. The findings reveal various motivations driving individuals to manage their records, including peer influence, childhood awareness, program awareness, and social media exposure. However, challenges such as damage, misplacement, and security issues hinder effective management. Technological approaches such as backup emails, digital file protection, and platform improvements are proposed to address these challenges. This study contributes to understanding the complexities of academic record management and suggests practical solutions to enhance employability in the modern job market.
Gamification in the Teaching-Learning Process of Social Studies to Encourage Participation in Basic General Education
Authors: Yanes Lady Elizabeth Castillo , Camacho Sor Natalia Brizuela
Published: August 2024

Currently, the development of new information technologies has generated great changes, including in its advancement to the educational sector, hence this research addresses gamification in the teaching-learning process of Social Studies to encourage participation in general education. basic; The population is limited to a sample of 31 students, corresponding to the 10th year of basic general education of the “Miguel Ángel Suárez” high school in the city of Loja, the methodological approach used is quantitative, and is combined with quantitative descriptive research to gain a complete and accurate understanding of the effects of gamification on student engagement. A questionnaire was used to evaluate the perception and participation of the students. The results obtained highlight the need to adapt active methodologies to satisfy the demands of today's society and promote digital skills in the classroom. This research highlights the importance of transforming traditional education towards more engaging and participatory approaches, where gamification can play a fundamental role in improving the educational process and student engagement.
Ethical Violations in Business Practices on Social Commerce: Insights from Quranic Verses
Authors: Muhammadun Muzdalifah , Pabbajah Mustaqim , Yunus Mukhtar , . Suarning , Adawiah Rabiatul
Published: August 2024

The advancement of technology has resulted in a decline in business ethical standards, particularly within the realm of online trading on social commerce. However, this phenomenon tends to be neglected in Islamic economic studies. This study responds to the shortcomings of existing studies by focusing on explaining and reflecting on how violations of Qur'anic business ethics occur in online trading on social commerce. In order to address these issues, this study employs a descriptive qualitative approach utilising the content analysis method. The findings of this study indicate three significant contexts in which violations of Quranic business ethics in online trading on social commerce occur. Firstly, ghorar, which occurs in misleading product descriptions and hidden fees, is employed to manipulate consumer behaviour through deceptive marketing tactics. Secondly, maisir, which takes the form of exploitation and the creation of a "viral trend" culture that could lead to impulsive and potentially unethical purchasing decisions, is a further issue. Thirdly, zolim, which takes the form of deceptive marketing practices, unfair pricing, or the exploitation of vulnerable consumers, is also a concern. These three findings collectively demonstrate that the advent of technology has negatively impacted the ethical standards observed in Qur'an business practices. Furthermore, this study recommends that further research be conducted to investigate the potential for technology to mitigate the negative consequences of online sales.
Hadith Analysis of Al-Jallalah: A Crucial Framework for Risk Management in Halal Animal Feed Studies
Authors: Saidin Nurulaina , Yaakob Mohd Ashrof Zaki , Rahman Fadilah Abd , Ruzulan Zulaipa , Samori Zakiah , Harun Hanifah Musa Fathullah
Published: August 2024

Hadith are the Prophetic texts that serve as the main reference and guidance for Muslims in their daily life. In the discussion related to the al-Jallalah, two hadiths are commonly identified as references. Nevertheless, based on textual analysis, there are many other hadiths in al-Kutub al-Sittah (The Authentic Six) on the prohibition of al-Jallalah and its meat and milk. This paper aims to identify and analyse all hadith related to the al-Jallalah from al-Kutub al-Sittah using the qualitative method.  The discussion focuses on the analysis of the textual Hadith of al-Jallalah that derived from al-Kutub al-Sittah. The study reveals that there are thirteen hadith (13) on the topic of al-Jallalah which specifically related to the prohibition against eating meat, drinking milk, and riding the al-Jallalah animals which derived from Sunan Abi Dawud (9 texts of Hadith), Jami’ al-Tirmidhi (2 texts of Hadith), Sunan al-Nasa’i (1 text of Hadith and Sunan Ibn Majah (1 text of Hadith). In terms of the authenticity of the Prophetic texts pertaining to the al-Jallalah, it is found that out of 13 texts of Hadith, there are eight (8) texts of Hadith Sahih, two (2) texts of Hadith Hasan Sahih, two (2) texts of Hadith Hasan, and only one (1) texts of Hadith Da‘if. It is expected that the findings of this paper could provide useful knowledge and reference related to the prohibition of animals that are categorized as al-Jallalah in al-Kutub al-Sittah (The Authentic Six). Hence, this study establishes a crucial foundation linking hadith analysis of al-Jallalah with risk management in Halal animal feed studies, offering valuable insights and references on this significant Islamic dietary issue.
Ho Chi Minh’s Ideology on Religious Tolerance and The Value of This Ideology for Religious Unity in Vietnam Today
Authors: Do Tu Duy , Nguyen Phuong Thi Hong
Published: August 2024

Ho Chi Minh's ideology of tolerance is a philosophical - ethical category that reflects love, respect, recognition, and protection of all human rights and basic freedoms of everyone; is respect and acceptance of the diversity and richness of political views, cultures, and religions, finding similarities in differences; is the expression of the responsibility to maintain and protect basic human rights in economic development, building political, military, and diplomatic systems to gather and unite different forces towards the goal of liberating people. Ho Chi Minh's ideology of tolerance has a broad connotation, containing many great contents, and is valuable for the practical development of all fields of social life. Within the scope of this study, we analyze the basic content of Ho Chi Minh's ideology on religious tolerance, expressed in a number of aspects, such as: Ho Chi Minh's awareness of religious freedom; Respect the beliefs, freedoms and beliefs of the people; Resolutely fight against those who tarnish the sacredness of religion; Sincerely respect the faith of religious people, affirming the moral and humanistic values ​​of religious founders; Refers to the State's responsibility towards religion. On that basis, the article summarizes some theoretical and practical values ​​of this ideology for the issue of religious unity in Vietnam today.
Assessing the Work Results of Vietnamese Civil Servants
Authors: Trung Ngo Sy , Loan Nguyen Thi To
Published: August 2024

Commune-level public servants work as implementers of state policies and laws to ensure the legitimate rights and interests of the people; hence, their work results are significant to affirm the effectiveness and reputation of state agencies. In terms of theory and practice, their work results are shown in the progress and quality of implementing assigned tasks; affected by both subjective factors (qualifications, capacity, working attitude, etc. of public servants), objective factors (working environment, facilities, technology, etc. of state agencies). This study focuses on two subjective factors that have direct impacts on the work results of civil servants, including: Professional capacity and working capacity. A survey was conducted with 330 leaders of commune-level authorities in 3 provinces representing 3 regions of Vietnam: Thai Binh province (Northern region), Ha Tinh province (Central region), Bac Lieu province (Southern region). The results show that: Commune-level public servants’ professional qualifications meet rank standards and job position requirements; however, they are not highly evaluated for their practical working capacity from their managers. The findings suggest policy development to promote the professional practical working capacity of public servants to accomplish the public service.
Incidencia de la Tecnología CNC en la Industria 4.0
Authors: Sánchez Hayman Luis Hernán , Morales Tamayo Yoandrys , Trujillo Ronquillo Danilo Fabricio
Published: August 2024

El estudio analizó la integración de la tecnología CNC en el contexto de la Industria 4.0, evaluando beneficios, desafíos y tendencias futuras. Se realizó una encuesta y un estudio de caso para identificar beneficios como la mejora en la eficiencia, flexibilidad, reducción de costos y mejora de la calidad y trazabilidad de los procesos. Se destacaron desafíos organizacionales, incluyendo la resistencia al cambio, la falta de visión estratégica y las limitaciones presupuestarias. Las tendencias futuras incluyeron la integración de la fabricación aditiva, la adopción de tecnologías de realidad aumentada y virtual, y el creciente papel de la inteligencia artificial en la optimización de procesos CNC. Se concluyó que la integración de CNC con la Industria 4.0 ofrece un potencial significativo para mejorar la competitividad y eficiencia de la manufactura, siempre que se aborden adecuadamente los desafíos técnicos y organizacionales. Se sugirieron futuras investigaciones para desarrollar estrategias y mejores prácticas en esta área.
Big Data y Analítica Predictiva en la Toma de Decisiones Empresariales
Authors: Cevallos Guamán Erika Jazmín , Jacho Gallo Arianni Katherine , Córdova Vaca Alba Marisol
Published: August 2024

Este estudio examinó la implementación de Big Data y Analítica Predictiva en "Or Importaciones", una empresa minorista en La Maná, Ecuador, que enfrentaba desafíos en la gestión de inventarios y predicción de ventas. El objetivo fue evaluar el impacto de un modelo de Analítica Predictiva en la precisión de previsiones de ventas y optimización de inventario. Se utilizó una metodología mixta, combinando análisis cuantitativo de datos históricos con un modelo predictivo basado en Gradient Boosting. El estudio, realizado entre enero y mayo de 2024, empleó Python y Google Colab para el análisis de datos. Los resultados mostraron una mejora significativa en la precisión de predicciones de ventas, con el modelo alcanzando un R² de 0.92. Se concluyó que la integración de estas tecnologías puede proporcionar una ventaja competitiva significativa incluso para pequeñas empresas, mejorando la toma de decisiones en ventas e inventario.
Equity-focused Monitoring and Evaluation and Performance of School-based Health Projects
Authors: Mwanza Patrick  Mutunga
Published: August 2024

The purpose of the study was to examine the influence of equity-focused monitoring and evaluation on performance of school-based health projects. The study objectives were to determine to what extend does equity-focused monitoring and evaluation influence performance of school-based health projects, to establish the key constructs that drive equitable implementation of health projects, and to determine which methodological designs are used and how they compare across existing studies. A search criteria protocol was developed and adopted for systematic literature review to identify the most current peer-reviewed journal articles published in English between January 2019 and April 2024 using Google scholar and PubMed database search engines. Search terms used were as follows; Equity, Inequity, equity-focused monitoring and evaluation, performance, school-based health program, Equity in health systems. Data extraction was performed using a pre-defined eligibility criterion and a pre-tested data abstraction form. Online database search yielded 25 studies out of which five met the inclusion criteria. Data were analysed using descriptive analysis. Study results suggest that equity-focused adaptation was widely conceptualized in literature but with limited description of how to operationalize monitoring and evaluation as a tool to advance equity and improve program performance. Of the five articles reviewed (n=5), inclusion of a collaborative design, anti-racism consideration, embedding priority population expertise, cultural safety, and values were identified as key constructs that drive equitable implementation of health projects. Methodological convergence was noted across all the articles (n=5) where purposive sampling method, stakeholders as the target population was adopted while four articles (n=4) also converged on mixed method study design. Divergence was reported in sample size and data analysis methods. We conclude that current studies have not exploited the potential influence of equity-focused monitoring and evaluation on performance of school-based health projects. Key constructs for equitable implementation and methodological designs are well grounded though with limited operationalization. The study recommends that there is a need in future for equity-focused monitoring and evaluation empirical studies to test operationalization of the conceptual and theoretical frameworks currently available in literature. This will help advance equity and performance of school-based health projects.
FACTORS AFFECTING LONG-TERM AND PERMANENT CONTRACEPTIVE UPTAKE AMONG IMMEDIATE POST-PARTUM MOTHERS AT SAINT PAUL’S HOSPITAL MILLENNIUM MEDICAL COLLEGE, ADDIS ABABA, ETHIOPIA: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY
Authors: Belay Lemi , Birara Malede
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND Postpartum family planning (PPFP) focuses on the prevention of unintended and closely spaced pregnancies through the first 12 months following childbirth. OBJECTIVE This study assesses the barriers to uptake of long-term and permanent family planning methods among immediate post-partum mothers at Saint Paul’s Hospital Millennium Medical College in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. METHODOLOGY An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted from January 1 to June 30, 2017. The six months of study were used as strata and systematic sampling used to select participants in each month. Post-partum mothers were interviewed using pretested structured questionnaires. Data entry and analysis were done using SPSS version 17. Bivariate and multivariable logistic regressions were fitted to identify determinants of post-partum family planning uptake. A OR with 95% CIs were calculated, and p values set at 005 was used to determine statistical significance of associations. RESULTS Four hundred and twenty-two post-partum women were interviewed. Two hundred sixty-eight (63%) women received counselling on family planning and 241 (66.8 %) got information about contraception. One hundred and nifty two (45%) of the women accepted long-term and permanent contraception on their immediate postpartum period before discharge. Contraceptive counselling (OR=2.13, 95% CI 1.004-3.331), getting information from the health facility (OR=15.15, 95% CI 1.848-19.242), and partner support (OR=1.367, 95% CI 1.175-2.771) were significantly associated with long-term and permanent contraception uptake. CONCLUSION Postpartum counselling on family planning and provision of contraception information improves immediate postpartum FP acceptance, and, hence postpartum programs need to strengthen such services.KEY WORDS: Contraception, Immediate postpartum, Long-term family planning. (Ethiopian Journal of Reproductive Health 2018; 10; 2: 31-41)
KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDE AND PRACTICE ON BIRTH PREPAREDNESS AND COMPLICATION READINESS AMONG PREGNANT WOMEN ATTENDING ANTENATAL CARE AT CHIRO ZONAL HOSPITAL EASTERN ETHIOPIA
Authors: Bekele Shiferaw , Alemayehu Tadesse
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Birth preparedness and complication readiness is a com prehensive strategy to improve the use of skilled providers at birth, and the key intervention to decrease maternal mortality. It is also a key component of globally accepted safe motherhood programs.OBJECTIVE: To assess the knowledge, attitude and practices about birth preparedness and complication readiness among pregnant women attending antenatal care at Chiro Zonal Hospital, East Ethiopia. METHODS: Hospital based cross sectional study was conducted on a sample of 418 pregnant women. Exit interview using a pretested structured questionnaire was used to collect data from pregnant women attending antenatal care at Chiro Zonal Hospital. The collected data was cleaned, coded and analyzed using SPSS version 20 statistical package.RESULT: Twenty percent had knowledge of one key danger signs during pregnancy, child birth and postpartum and 61.2% had favorable attitudes towards birth preparedness and complication readiness. Knowledge of at least one key danger signs during pregnancy, child birth and post partum, attitudes towards birth preparedness and practice of birth preparedness were associated with birth preparedness and complication readiness.CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION: Both knowledge of obstetric danger signs and birth preparedness and complication readiness were low. Enhancing women’s awareness and improving the quality of labour wards would improve delivery service utilization. KEYWORDS: Birth preparedness, complication readiness, antenatal care, pregnant women (Ethiopian Journal of Reproductive Health 2018; 10; 3: 55-64)
DETERMINANTS OF POSTNATAL CARE SERVICE UTILIZATION IN DIGA DISTRICT, EAST WOLLEGA ZONE, WESTER ETHIOPIA: CASE-CONTROL STUDY
Authors: Heyi Worku Dechassa , Deshi Makonnen Mamo , Erana Motuma Getachew
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACTBACKGROUND: Postnatal care is one of the most important maternal health care intervention to prevent morbidity and mortality during the postnatal period. Objective of the study: To assess determinants of postnatal care service utilization among mothers who were in the 6th week to 12months period after delivery in Diga district, 2017. METHODS AND MATERIALS: A community based unmatched case-control study was conducted among 347 mothers (cases=115 and controls=232) who were in the 6th week to 12months after delivery during data collection period. A pretested questionnaire was used for data collection and data were analyzed using SPSS version 24 software. Bivariate analysis was conducted to examine the association between dependent and independent variables; Odds Ratios (ORs) and their 95% Confidence Intervals (CIs) were calculated. Then, multivariable logistic regression was used to control for possible confounders. p-value less than 0.05 were considered statistically significant.RESULTS: In this study, 341 study subjects were interviewed 113 (98.26%) cases and 228(98.27%) controls with overall response rates of 341(98%). 107 (94.7%) of cases and 72(31.6%) of controls had ever heard about postnatal care service. Place of delivery (AOR: 4.5, 95%CI: (3.04, 6.72), having antenatal care before current delivery (AOR: 11, 95% CI: (1.76, 17.34), maternal knowledge about postnatal danger signs (AOR: 1.3, 95%CI: (1.02, 1.69), were found to be significantly associated with postnatal care service utilization. CONCLUSION: Encouraging regular ANC follow up with institutional delivery along with integrated health education about postnatal care both during pregnancy and delivery will increase postnatal care service utilization. KEYWORDS: Postnatal care, determinants postnatal care utilization, Diga District, East Wollega, Western Ethiopia.(Ethiopian Journal of Reproductive Health; 2018; 10; 4: 52-61)
PREGNANCY IN THE RUDIMENTARY UTERINE HORN: A CASE REPORT
Authors: Legesse Awol Yemane , Teka Hale , Hassen Abida , Tinikishea Ermias Abate , Mohammednur Sumeya Ahmed
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACTOBJECTIVE: Rudimentary horn is a developmental anomaly of the uterus. Pregnancy in a rudimentary horn is rare, represents a form of ectopic gestation. The diagnosis of the rudimentary horn pregnancy is very difficult before it ruptures.CASE: We present a case of pregnancy in the communicating horn that was difficult to diagnose preoperatively. An emergency exploratory laparotomy was done considering abdominal ectopic pregnancy after the patient was given misoprostol for missed abortion from referral hospital. Our ultrasound evaluation revealed abdominal ectopic pregnancy. Intra operative finding was unruptured rudimentary horn. A non-viable female fetus with a birth weight of 200 g was delivered. The ruptured rudimentary horn and left tube were excised together.CONCLUSION: Despite advances in ultrasound, the diagnosis of pregnancy in the rudimentary horn remains difficult with definitive diagnosis being made at laparotomy. It is very important to have high index of suspicion especially in resource limited setting where most patients present with rupture.KEYWORDS: Rudimentary horn, Ectopic pregnancy, Mekelle University (Ethiopian Journal of Reproductive Health; 2018; 10; 4: 62-66)
ASSESSMENT OF THE kNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDE AND PRACTICE OF RESIDENTS AT TIkUR ANBESA HOSPITAL ABOUT PRECONCEPTIONAL CARE 2018
Authors: Seman Wolela Alemu , Teklu Sisay , Tesfaye Kiflom
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACTBACkGROUND: Preconception care is a set of interventions provided before pregnancy to identify and modify biomedical, behavioral, and social risks to a woman’s health or pregnancy outcome through prevention and management. OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to assess the knowledge, attitude and practice of physicians in Tikur Anbesa hospital about preconceptional care with the view of providing recommendations to optimize the uptake and delivery of the service and improve maternal and perinatal outcomes. METHODS: A descriptive cross-sectional study was done among 156 internal medicine and obstetrics and gynecology residents of Tikur Anbesa hospital using a self-administered semi structured questionnaire. The data was analyzed using descriptive statistics, chi-square and T-tests. P-value of less than 0.05 was taken as significant. RESULT: Of 156 questionnaires distributed 130 completed responses were collected making response rate of 83.3%. Among the respondents 69.2% had good, 26.9% had moderate and 3.8% had poor knowledge about preconceptional care. Of all the respondents 48.5% had positive, 43.8% had intermediate and only 7.7% had negative attitude towards preconceptional care. But only 19.2% of them had good practice scores, whereas 42.3% had moderate and 38.5% had poor preconceptional care practice scores. CONCLUSION: Even though the knowledge and attitude about preconceptional care is good there is a significant gap in the delivery of the services. Efforts should be made by the concerned bodies to improve the practice of preconceptional care through preparation of guidelines, providing training and creating awareness in the public. kEY WORDS: Preconception care, Tikur Anbesa hospital, Residents, KAP (Ethiopian Journal of Reproductive Health; 2019; 11;1:19-28
PREVALENCE AND ASSOCIATED FACTORS OF GENDER-BASED VIOLENCE AMONG HIGH SCHOOL FEMALE STUDENTS IN ALETA WONDO TOWN, SOUTH EAST ETHIOPIA
Authors: Dogiso Abayneh , Shegaze Mulugeta , Alagaw Amsalu , Wassihun Biresaw
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACTBACKGROUND: Gender Based violence is a worldwide problem and it is frequently occurred in low resource countries like Ethiopia. The psychosocial and health impacts of violence include depression, anxiety, stress, undesirable pregnancy, unsafe abortions, sexually transmitted infections and leads to maternal morbidity and mortality. METHODS: Institution based cross-sectional study design was conducted. A structured and pre-tested interviewer administered questionnaire was used to collect the data from 370 study participants. The data were entered with Epi info version 3.5.3 software and exported to Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 22.0 for further analysis. Both bivariate and multivariable logistic regression analysis were performed to identify associated factors. P values <0.05 with 95% confidence level were used to declare statistical significance. RESULT: A total of 370 respondents participated in the study with a response rate of 96.7%. The overall prevalence of gender-based violence among the students during the life time was 68.2% with 95% CI [63.3 - 73.0]. The prevalence of physical, psychological and sexual violence was 56.14% [95% CI: 51.061.3], 34.8% [95% CI: 30.0-40.0] and 26.3% [95% CI: 21.7-30.8] respectively. The analysis indicated that respondents having boyfriends [AOR=2.16(95%CI; 1.09, 4.25)], and having habit of drinking alcohol (AOR = 3.69(95% CI, 1.42, 9.58) were more likely exposed to gender-based violence than others.CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS: This study has found that the prevalence of gender-based violence was over two- third among female students in the study area. The prevalence of physical, sexual and psychological violence in their lifetime and current among female students was high. Therefore, it is recommended that gender-based valance needs due attention and remedial action from policy makers, district officials, high school and other concerned bodies. Gender based violence is associated with certain variables such as having a close boyfriend and drinking alcohol.KEYWORDS: Gender, violence, high school, Ethiopia (Ethiopian Journal of Reproductive Health; 2019; 11;2:35-44)
Mainstreaming EC in Ethiopia’s Public Sector: Project Results and Implications for Scale-up
Authors: J. Keesbury , H. Aytenfisu , T. Mekbib , T. Belay , A. Gaym , JP. Skibiak
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackground: Building on nearly a decade of momentum, the Federal Ministry of Health (FMOH), the Ethiopian Society ofObstetricians and Gynecologists (ESOG) and Population Council (EC Afrique) launched a two-year project in 2004 to mainstreamemergency contraception (EC) in the public sector.Objective: The project aimed at improving reproductive health (RH) care among young women and to reduce the abortion rate byexpanding access to EC in the country. Its overall goal was to demonstrate the feasibility of integrating EC within the public sector’sbroader contraceptive mix.Methods: The project undertook a set of activities aimed at improving provider competency, increasing public demand and ensuringcommodity security. The final evaluation drew on service statistics from 33 intervention sites, and knowledge, attitude andpractice surveys conducted with family planning service providers and clients in the health facilities involved in the project.Results: EC users were primarily unmarried women between the ages of 20-24, although male partners were increasingly involvedin EC decision-making and procurement. This runs counter to predominant perceptions of EC users as adolescent girls. Sexualassault was the least commonly cited reason for EC use, reflecting its current position as primarily a family planning method. Televisionadvertisements and clinic-based health education were the most commonly sited forms of communication on EC, while printmedia reached the fewest respondents. Both clients and providers believe that pharmacy provision of EC is socially acceptable, andagree that one Birr is the optimal price for sale in the private sector.Conclusion: Scaling up EC mainstreaming activities in Ethiopia will effectively position EC as a core component in the nationalfamily planning program and post-rape care services. Furthermore, there is need to strengthen the capacity of providers so as toencourage EC users to seek HIV/STI counseling and testing services. To ensure that EC serves as a gateway to more comprehensiveRH care, it is critical to stress “bridging” as a key element of the services.Keywords: Emergency contraception, family planning, adolescents, levenorgestrel
BIRTH TO PREGNANCY INTERVAL AND ITS EFFECT ON PERINATAL OUTCOMES IN ADDIS ABABA, ETHIOPIA
Authors: Assefa Berehanu Tegegne , Enquoslassie Fikre , Yusuf Lukman
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackground: Study findings on inter pregnancy interval and its effect on birth outcome looks contradictory. Some report that it is a risk factor for adverse perinatal outcome while others say it has no association. Still, there is no universally agreed recommendation on the ideal inter-pregnancy interval with regards to favorable perinatal outcome.Objective: to assess birth to pregnancy interval and its effect on perinatal outcomes in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.Methods: A Cross sectional study was undertaken on a sample of 1339 mother who gave birth at a randomly selected public and private health facilities located in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Eligible mothers from selected health facilities were consecutively included in the study until the required sample was achieved. Data was collected using a structured questionnaire and appropriate measurements. Data was processed and analyzed using EPI info and SPSS computer software. Univariate and bivariate analysis were employed.Result: the rate of preterm, low birth weight (LBW) and stillbirth were 7.1%, 5.6% and 3.1%, respectively. The mean birth to pregnancy interval was 45.9+27.3 months (95% Confidence Interval (CI) 44.4, 47.3). Birth pregnancy interval has shown no effect on poor perinatal outcome.Conclusion: Further Studies on the effect of birth to pregnancy interval on perinatal outcomes is recommended
REDUCING MATERNAL MORTALITY AND INCREASING USE OF SKILLED BIRTH ATTENDANCE: ETHIOPIA AND MDG-5
Authors: Koblinsky Marge , Tain Frances , Tesfaye Solomon
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The two indicators for Millennium Development Goal 5-reduction of the Maternal Mortality Ration and increased use of skilled birth attendance-reflect the present challenges for Ethiopia. With an early 1990s’ estimate of the MMR at 871, Ethiopia is unlikely to reach the MDG 5 target for 2015 of 218 given that the 2005 estimate is 673; the MMR continues to be persistently hi8gh. Over the decade prior to 2005, use of skilled birth attendance remained low at 6% the only relevant indicators with improvement in that period are the fertility decline from 6.4 to 5.4 and an increased contraceptive prevalence to 15% Barriers are many stating with geographical vastness, unavailability of transport, low women’s education, early marriage, high fertility, and gender-biased decision-making, preference for com-munity solutions to manage ill health and low availability and use of maternal health services. The paper reviews the available literature on the two MDG5 indicators. The challenges to address the goal of MDG 5- improved maternal health- remain daunting in Ethiopia.
IntraHealth I-CAP
Authors: Staff EJRH
Published: August 2024

Intra Health International
Because health workers save lives
For over 30 years, in more than 90 countries, Intra Health International has empowered health workers to better serve communities in need. Intra Health fosters local solutions to health care challenges by improving health workers performance, strengthening health systems, harnessing technology, and leveraging partnerships.
In collaboration with governments, nongovernmental organizations, and private-sector organizations around the world, Intra Health champions the needs and contributions of health workers from doctors and nurses to community health workers to health facility managers and works to ensure they have the tolls, supplies, information, training, and support they need to provide communities they serve with the best possible opportunity for health and wellbeing.
Obstetric near-miss and maternal death: the case of Ayder Teaching Hospital, Mekelle, Ethiopia
Authors: Berhane Goitom , Gessessew Amanuel , Roosmalen Jos Van , Den Akker Thomas Van
Published: August 2024

AbstractObjective: To study severe acute maternal morbidity and maternal death in Ayder teaching Hospital.Methodology: Facility-based survey of severe acute maternal morbidity and maternal death with consecutive entry of casesfrom records for all pregnant, recently delivered or aborted patients who appeared and were admitted to Ayder referral teachingHospital from January, 2008 through December, 2010.Results: There were 2107 hospitalizations for maternal health services; of these, 204 were severe acute maternal morbiditiesand 9 direct maternal deaths with almost 23 severe acute morbidities for each maternal death, with an overall rate of severeacute maternal morbidity of 101 per 1000 deliveries and a maternal mortality ratio of 427 per 100,000 live births.Conclusion: In the era of countdown to 2015 and with the meager chance of Millennium Development Goals (MDG5) beingachieved in many African countries, including Ethiopia, the analysis of severe acute maternal morbidity along with maternaldeath should be a new paradigm in the assessment of maternal health and its progress at all levels. Ayder Teaching Hospitalshould have its own uniform criteria for inclusion of severe acute maternal morbidity based on other hospitals’ experiences andthe scientific plausibility to tackle facility-based avoidable severe maternal morbidity and mortality. Furthermore, a prospectivestudy should be done to exactly know the level of substandard care(Ethiopian Journal of Reproductive Health , 2012,6(1): 56-63).Key Words: Near miss, maternal, mortality, morbidity, Ayder, Survey, pregnancy, complication
A CASE REPORT: USE OF FETAL MRI IN DIAGNOSIS OF FETAL BILATERAL RENAL AGENES
Authors: Gilcha Haile , T Tadesse
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this case report is to show the use of fetal MRI in the diagnosis of fetal anomalies
when ultrasound is inconclusive. As most clinicians and radiologists are not familiar with fetal MRI we thought
this case report may be useful as an eye-opener to the imaging modality. This is the first case of fetal MRI in
Ethiopian setting to the best of our knowledge
A Case of Bilateral Craniofacial Cleft From Amniotic Band Syndrome
Authors: Banko Muhidin Abdo
Published: August 2024

Amniotic band syndrome [ABS] or amniotic disruption complex is defined as a destructive process of fetal damage
in a random non symmetrical distribution, which is not attributable to aberrations in normal embryologic
development processes .The mechanism has been considered to be initiated in rupture of the amnion, with the
fetus then coming into contact with the chorionic surface of the amniotic membrane ,to which it adheres or
becomes entwined by fibrous strands .As the fetus grows ,The tethered regions are progressively distorted, leading
to constrictions, amputations ,Slash defects, and body wall or cranial defects .The severity varies from a single
constrictive ring of a digit to lethal thoraco abdominal eviscerations or craniofacial distruction.ABS is a rare
disorder in which bands of mesoderm that emanate from the chorionic side of the amnion and insert on the
fetal body can lead to a wide variety of disfiguring and disabling malformations[1,2]
.
ABS results in the amputation of the fingers or limbs, associated with a wide spectrum of congenital anomalies
usually involving the trunk and craniofacial regions including the skull. AbBS is in general sporadic and the incidence
is approximately 1 in 15,000 live birth. Characterized by a destructive fetal process that is initiated by rupture
of the amnion. Proposed as a sequel of intrauterine rupture of the amnion resulting in oligohydramnios
and passage of fetus to chorionic cavity .The fetus subsequently becomes adherent to intertwined in, and tethered
by fibrous mesodermic bands .As the fetus grows, its anatomy is distorted .This may lead to cranial or body
wall defects or and although been reports of associated malformations of internal structures. [3, 4]
ABS that involves craniofacial region may present as cleft lip or palate , oblique or transverse facial cleft .These
craniofacial anomalies in ABS are typically often bizarre and frequently non-embryological .The exact cause of
ABS is still unknown .This lack of direct evidence has led to the proposal of two main etiological theories. The
extrinsic and the intrinsic 4. The extrinsic theory states that the band of ruptured amnion causes an extrinsic
compression which then results in constriction rings and other deformities of the developing fetus, while the
intrinsic theory holds that germ cell deficiencies result in the malformation of the affected parts [4]. Treatment is
usually carried out after birth when plastic and reconstructive surgery is considered to treat the resulting deformities.
[4, 5]
(Ethiopian Journal of Reproductive Health 2016; 8:50-55)
Behavior of Soil-structure interfaces under cyclic loading for large numbers of cycles: Application to piles
Authors: Hadj Bekki
Published: August 2024

Pile foundations are usually subjected to cyclic loading which can be either environmental or industrial. Loading and unloading sequences of the pile cause very significant variation in the behavior of the pile-soil system and generate degradation of the bearing capacity and an accumulation of irreversible displacement. The paper presents a study of the behavior of piles subjected to axial cyclic loading for large numbers of cycles using a physical modeling approach in a calibration chamber. To focus on the degradation of the friction in soil-pile interface, the experiments are carried out in two-way displacement–controlled tests. Firstly, The experimental set-up was presented, then the typical results of the evolution of skin friction under cyclic loading. The results indicate that the application of a large number of cycles to the pile, the skin friction decrease initially then increase continually up to the end of the cyclic sequence. It can be concluded that the phase of friction reinforcement is due to a partially constrained dilatancy phenomenon of the sand within the interface zone.
Study of the behavior of bridges under seismic loads considering soil-structure interaction
Authors: Mohamed Baheddi  , Youcef Youb
Published: August 2024

This work deals with the seismic stability of bridges considering the soil structure interaction, which is one of the most important phenomena in the field of earthquake engineering that can influence the behavior of the structure and thus its vulnerability. The main objective of this study is to see the influence of soil-structure interaction on the linear dynamic behavior of structures using two modeling approaches of the surrounding soil applied to the case of the viaduct 185.1 OA Bouira (Algeria). A second objective is to highlight the impact on the seismic response, when using different dynamic analysis methods, for the evaluation of the seismic behavior of concrete structures with boundary conditions applied as rigid or flexible to their foundations. The numerical simulation, carried out by using SAP2000 and based on dynamic computing finite element model, allowed to analyze soil-structure systems considering the effects of interaction by the response spectra method and the time history analysis. A parametric study was conducted to better understand the dynamic behavior of the bridge.
On the thermal buckling behaviour of laminated composite plates with cut-outs
Authors: Houdayfa Ounis  , Mohamed-Ouejdi Belarbi
Published: August 2024

In this work, the thermal buckling behaviour of laminated plates with rectangular cut-outs is studied using the finite element method. Based upon the classical plate theory, the used finite element is a combination of a linear isoparametric membrane element and a high precision rectangular Hermitian element. After validating the results obtained by the finite element, a parametric study is made using three types of materials commonly used in the industry, namely: the T300/5208 Graphite/Epoxy, the AS4/3501-6 Graphite/Epoxy and the E-glass/Epoxy. The study was about the effect of the size of the cut-outs, the boundary conditions, the stacking sequence and the stress resultants distribution on the critical buckling temperature. The study showed that the critical buckling temperature is strongly affected by the discussed parameters.
Recovery of acetic acid from aqueous solutions using salting effect
Authors: Abdelmalek Hasseine  , Ahleme Aidaoui
Published: August 2024

The application of salting effect to isolate an organic acid, particularly Acetic acid, from aqueous solution is reported. In fact the presence of a salt can influence the solubility of a compound by either increasing it or decreasing it, leading to Salting-in and Salting-out, respectively. The addition of a salt in an aqueous solution introduces ionic forces which affect liquid-liquid equilibrium and which influence directly the distribution coefficient of the solute. The effect of NaCl and Na2SO4 on the liquid-liquid equilibrium data of the ternary system (Water+ Acetic Acid+ Dichloromethane) at a temperature of 293.15 K and an atmospheric pressure is studied experimentally in this work. The mass fractions of salt in the total mixture are 5%, 10% and 20%. It is noted that the equilibrium between phases is modified preferably to the extracted phase and the salting-out in the case of sodium sulfate is more significant than the effect of chloride.