bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Children's funeral rite of the Kazakhs of the South of Western Siberia
Authors: Akhmetova Sh. K. , Tolpeko I. V.
Published: October 2024

The article considers for the first time the children's funeral rite of the Kazakh population in the south of Western Siberia. The study covers the period from the second half of the 20th century to the present. The materials obtained in the course of expeditionary work in the Omsk, Novosibirsk and Tyumen regions were used. A description of all stages of the funeral is given - from the death of a child to the commemoration and decoration of the grave. An analysis of children's graves, identified during expeditionary research of Kazakh cemeteries in the Omsk region, is carried out. The special role in the children's funeral rite of the age and circumstances of the child's death is considered. The transition to the adult burial variant is defined as variable. The onset of physiological maturity served as a milestone. Based on the studied sources, it is concluded that the children's funeral rite among the Kazakhs as a whole is a reflection of an adult, however, it has its own well-defined features. Three main sources of their formation are singled out: the traditions of Islam, pre-Islamic ideas and innovations. The Muslim tradition regulates in detail the treatment of the soul and body of a child, depending on his age and circumstances of death. The clearest gradation exists for newborns. The Muslim rite of burial with zhanaza is performed only for newborns born alive. The stillborn, according to Islamic norms, are given a name, washed, wrapped in a shroud, but they do not read the zhanaza. An unformed fruit is simply wrapped in cloth and buried in the ground. Pre-Islamic features can be traced back in the 20th century. in leaving cradles and cribs on children's graves. A peculiar return to pre-Islamic ideas at the beginning of the 21st century is noted. in the form of a tradition to leave toys at children's graves. A new trend was the installation of fences and memorial plaques with an epitaph on the graves of babies.
Gender Features of Attitudes Regarding Violence among Teenagers
Authors: Kupchenko V.E. , Lukina D.D.
Published: October 2024

The article includes a description of the structure of attitudes towards violence among adolescents. The problem of the formation of violent behavior is theoretically substantiated from the standpoint of actualizing the significance of studying attitudes towards violence in adolescence. The sample of the empirical study includes 64 adolescents aged 14-17, students of a secondary general education school. The methodological toolkit includes the author's questionnaire aimed at identifying different attitudes towards violence in adolescents, the methodology “Personal aggressiveness and conflict” by E. P. Ilyin, P. A. Kovalev. The results reflect that 52 % of adolescent boys have positive attitudes towards violence, 94 % of adolescent girls have negative attitudes towards violence. Adolescents with positive attitudes, regardless of gender, have a similar severity of individual norms for alternatives to violence. Boys with positive attitudes towards violence are more willing to use psychological violence, influence through a virtual environment, and use physical violence. Girls with positive attitudes towards violence are more likely to inflict psychological violence and use physical force against other people. The relationship between individual norms for alternatives to violence and attitudes towards psychological violence, attitudes towards physical violence and attitudes towards encroachment on other people's things in adolescent girls has been revealed. In adolescent boys, no significant correlations were found between attitudes towards violence. The prospects for research in the future are the study of personal, family and interpersonal predictors of violent behavior in adolescents. The relationship between individual norms for alternatives to violence and attitudes towards psychological violence, attitudes towards physical violence and attitudes towards encroachment on other people's things in adolescent girls has been revealed. In adolescent boys, no significant correlations were found between attitudes towards violence. The prospects for research in the future are the study of personal, family and interpersonal predictors of violent behavior in adolescents.
Correlation Crossmatching Test with Effectiveness of Transfusion in Hemolytic Anemia Patients
Authors: Primadita Cherylia , Julyani Sri , Muhiddin Rachmawati A.
Published: October 2024

Hemolytic anemia is anemia caused by the premature destruction of red blood cells. Transfusion with hemolytic anemia is a dilemmatic indication and is still based on clinical decisions. Several studies assessed the effectiveness of transfusions in hemolytic anemia patients with incompatible crossmatching showed effectiveness. This study aimed to analyze crossmatching with transfusion effectiveness in hemolytic anemia patients.  Retrospective cohort observational study with medical record data from January 2019 to May 2022 of hemolytic anemia patients who got transfusion therapy. The variables included age, gender, hemoglobin levels before and after transfusion, crossmatching test, and transfusion effectiveness based on increased hemoglobin after transfusion 1 g/dL of 1 Pack Red Cell (PRC) unit. One hundred three (103) patients with hemolytic anemia 45 received PRC, 12 males (26.7%) and 33 females (73.3%). Ages 19 - < 45 years subjects had the most transfusions. Hemoglobin levels before and after transfusion showed significant differences (p-value =0.000) in the patients with a diagnosis of hereditary, unspecified, and autoimmune hemolytic anemias. The correlation between the effectiveness of transfusions with gender and age was not found (p=0.521, p=0.240). The correlation between crossmatching with the effectiveness of transfusion was not found (p=0.089). Hemolytic anemia patients with transfusion showed an increase in hemoglobin levels between before and after transfusion even with incompatible crossmatching. The correlation between the results of crossmatching with transfusion effectiveness in patients with hemolytic anemia was not found. Good premedication treatment can provide effective transfusion.
A Descriptive Study: Evaluation of Delayed Laboratory Testing in Emergency Room
Authors: Kurniawan Linny Luciana , Dyah Indrasari Nuri , Solin Ro Shinta Christina
Published: October 2024

Precision, accuracy, and short turnaround time (TAT) are important to improve the quality and effectiveness of laboratory services in the Emergency Room (ER). Several studies reported an average of 60% the ratio of anticoagulant to sample is not appropriate, lysis, and clotted samples occurred in the pre-analytical part. This part consisted of the request/registration of laboratory tests, patient preparation, specimen collection, and transportation to the central laboratory. The aim of this research is to evaluate the cause of the long TAT for laboratory research so as to obtain problem solving based on the target. This observational study was conducted in 2021 at the ER laboratory outlet. Observations were made started from the workload carried out by the laboratory technician, sample registration, and data collection from the Laboratory Information System (LIS). The study obtained 14.709 samples from the LIS at the Clinical Pathology Department, Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital. The highest sample rejection rate was from the ER laboratory outlet due to specimen lysis (2.79%). The average time required for re-collecting specimens was around 2-2.5 hours. This rejection was below the minimum quality standards based on the International Federation of Clinical Chemistry (IFCC). Other problems include the limited number of medical laboratory experts compared to the workload also inefficient Computerized Physician Order Entry (CPOE) registration methods. The main problem of delayed laboratory testing in the emergency department is the pre-analytical part including sample registration and rejection specimens. That rejection mostly comes from lysis specimens, which caused invalid laboratory result.
The Correlation between Interleukin-6 and D-dimer in Severe and Critical COVID-19 Patients
Authors: Prihatni Delita , Supriatin Lastri , Suraya Nida , Andriyoko Basti
Published: October 2024

Severe and critical COVID-19 patients are known to experience hyperinflammatory conditions and endothelial damage primarily characterized by increased levels of IL-6 and D-dimer. This group of patients is also considered at risk of experiencing hemostasis disorders including decreased platelet counts, prolonged PT and APTT, as well as increased fibrinogen. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the correlation between IL-6 and D-dimer in severe and critical COVID-19 patients. The relationship between IL-6 and other hemostasis parameters such as platelet count, PT, APTT, and fibrinogen were also analyzed. A descriptive-correlative observational design was used with a retrospective cross-sectional approach. The subjects were severe and critical COVID-19 patients at Hasan Sadikin Hospital, Bandung treated between January to December 2021 and met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Secondary data were taken from medical records and the Laboratory Information System (LIS). Correlation analysis between IL-6 and D-dimer as well as hemostasis parameters was carried out using the Spearman test. The results showed that among the total 167 subjects, the median age was 60 years. The number of male subjects was 110 (65.86%), while the most common comorbidity was hypertension (45.51%). The analysis showed a very weak and insignificant correlation between IL-6 and platelets (r= -0.044; p=0.571), IL-6 and PT (r=0.115; p=0.137), IL-6 and APTT (r=0.109; p=0.159), as well as IL-6 and fibrinogen (r= -0.087; p=0.264). However, the correlation between IL-6 and D-dimer was significant (r= 0.199; p=0.010). Interleukin-6 did not correlate with hemostasis parameters but correlated with D-dimer. This means that IL-6 and D-dimer may provide information about the inflammatory response in COVID-19 patients and help monitor disease progression.
Prevalence and Genotype Distribution of HPV in Gynecological Patients: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Noori Raja A. , Salih Azhar , Alhar Hind AbdNoor Khudayer , Al Fatlawi Sabah N. Mohammed , Al-Janabi Asad A. , Hameed Raghdah Maytham
Published: October 2024

Human papillomavirus (HPV) is a prevalent sexually transmitted virus that can lead to genital warts or cancer. Over 100 HPV strains have been discovered, some classified as high-risk and others as low-risk. This study aimed to analyze the prevalence of HPV genotypes in patients with gynecological problems and to compare the frequency of low-risk and high-risk HPV infections. A cross-sectional study was performed. Five hundred patients were recruited who attended a gynecological clinic due to various reasons such as genital warts, itching, bleeding, or even asymptomatic cases discovered during routine visits in the period extending from January 2nd, 2017 to December 31st, 2022. Genotyping was performed using the Hybrispot technique, targeting 27 different HPV genotypes. DNA flow technology, a rapid and sensitive method, was utilized for the analysis. Out of the 500 patients, 109 tested positive for HPV, indicating 21.8% incidence among those seeking gynecological care. Among the HPV-positive patients, 59% had low-risk HPV, and 41% had high-risk HPV. The most common low-risk genotypes were HPV6 and HPV11, while the most common high-risk genotypes were HPV53, HPV58, HPV18, and HPV16. Several infrequent HPV genotypes were missed by the multiplex real-time PCR method. The study revealed a higher frequency of low-risk HPV compared to high-risk HPV, with no significant difference between the two groups.
Description of two new genera, three new species, and redescription of two species of Pronematinae (Acari: Iolinidae)
Authors: De Vis Raf M. J. , Vervaet Lore , Van Leeuwen Thomas , Braga Alice de Freitas , Castilho Raphael de Campos , Ueckermann Edward A.
Published: October 2024

Duoparus n. gen. with its type species Duoparus hyeresensis n. gen. n. sp. from Rubus in France are described. Duoparus is the first genus within the Pronematinae with two ag setae. In the genus Pseudopronematulus, two new species, P. duffelensis n. sp. from sweet pepper leaf litter in Belgium and Pseudopronematulus tocantinsensis n. sp. from leaf/soil litter from a no-tillage field in Brazil are described. Pseudopronematulus tenuisetosus, recently transferred from the genus Pronematus, from cotton in Mozambique is redescribed. Pseudopronematulus duffelensis n. sp. and P. tocantinsensis n. sp. are the fourth and fifth species in this genus and the first to be described in detail, including nymphal stages for P. duffelensis n. sp. Dasilcoferla n. gen. is described with Pseudopronematulus nadirae n. comb. as type species, which is transferred from Pseudopronematulus to Dasilcoferla and redescribed. A taxonomic key is provided for the separation of the species presently placed in Pseudopronematulus Fan and Li, 1992. Molecular analysis and morphological differences, mostly the chaetotaxy, of P. duffelensis n. sp. are compared with those of Pronematus ubiquitus (McGregor, 1932) and Homeopronematus anconai (Baker, 1943). The molecular results underpin the morphological difference between the species that belong to different genera. Relative distance of the genera are discussed.
Accuracy of urinary dipstick for glucose and protein determination in canine cerebrospinal fluid
Authors: Ottoboni Aryanne R. , Ribeiro Luana S. , Sousa Filho Gladsthon D. , Gonçalves Paulo A. O. , Matta David H. , Damasceno Adilson D. , Martins Danieli B. , Castel Aude , Torres Bruno B. J.
Published: October 2024

OBJECTIVE

To evaluate the precision of urinary dipstick (UD) to assess protein and glucose concentrations in canine CSF samples compared to the standard methods.

METHODS

Cerebrospinal fluid protein and glucose were measured in 22 samples from dogs with neurological diseases affecting the CNS using UD and biochemistry (pyrogallol red and glucose oxidase reaction, respectively). Results were converted into scores to allow comparison between methods. The proportion of divergence between methods and its CI were calculated. The sensitivity (Se), specificity (Sp), positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), and accuracy (Ac) of UD were determined for 2 cutoff levels of CSF protein (15 and 30 mg/dL) and glucose (40 and 100 mg/dL).

RESULTS

The proportion of divergence between methods was 64% (95% CI, 44% to 84%) for CSF protein (representing 14 of 22 erroneous samples), of which 92.9% (13 of 14) had a UD score lower than biochemistry. For CSF glucose, 73% (16 of 22 erroneous samples; 95% CI, 54% to 91%) had divergence between methods, of which 87.5% (14 of 16) had a UD score higher than biochemistry. Urinary dipstick had better results when the cutoff level was 15 mg/dL for protein (Se, 78.9%; Sp, 66.7%; PPV, 93.7%; NPV, 33.3%; Ac, 77.3%) and 40 mg/dL for glucose (Se, 89.5%; Sp, 33.3%; PPV, 89.5%; NPV, 33.3%; Ac, 81.8%) concentrations.

CONCLUSIONS

Urinary dipstick was unreliable in estimating canine CSF protein and glucose concentrations.

CLINICAL RELEVANCE

The UD underestimated protein and overestimated glucose levels in the canine CSF, which could have a significant diagnostic impact and should discourage its use as a bedside test.
Comparative evaluation of MIC values of Trichosporon spp. by MTT assay and CLSI M27-A3 broth microdilution reference methods
Authors: Premamalini Thayanidhi , Pillai Sharanya , Subramanian Anitha , Kindo Anupma Jyoti
Published: October 2024

Objectives:

The objective of this study was to determine and compare the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of Trichosporon spp. by MTT (3-(4, 5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2, 5-diphenyl- 2H-tetrazoliumbromide) assay, and Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute M27-3rd edition (CLSI M27-A3) broth microdilution methods.

Materials and Methods:

Antifungal susceptibility testing was done by CLSI M27-A3 broth microdilution and MTT assay for all the 72 Trichosporon isolates after genus specific and Trichosporon asahii specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Candida krusei ATCC 6258 was used as the reference strain.

Statistical analysis:

All statistical data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences, version 17 for Microsoft Windows. The percentage of agreement was calculated using the Type C intraclass correlation coefficient.

Results:

The MICs by MTT assay strongly correlated with those obtained by CLSI M27-A3 method, by being either the same or within 1 dilution of MIC by CLSI method. Furthermore, the ranges of MICs obtained by MTT and CLSI method were all identical in our study. The overall agreement between the two methods for the Trichosporon isolates was good, that is, 90.8% in our study.

Conclusions:

MTT assay can be an alternative method that assists reading of MICs visually with a colored end point, making it easier compared to CLSI M27-A3 method. MTT assay can also be standardized for other yeasts and molds so that antifungal susceptibility tests can be done for different fungi.
Citric Acid Treatment of Refractory Chronic Postmastectomy Raw Area During Chemotherapy: A Novel Approach
Authors: Nagoba Basavraj , Rayate Abhijit , Mavani Hardi , Rawad Basawraj
Published: October 2024

Background. Wounds at sutured sites are a major postoperative complication. Uncontrolled comorbidities and certain drugs (immunosuppressants and antiproliferative chemotherapeutic agents) hamper the process of wound healing. Sutured wounds need prolonged duration of dressings and management as well as repeated hospital visits. In addition, appropriate reconstructive procedures may be needed to cover the wound. All these factors ultimately add to the cost of care. Case Report. A simple, yet effective option for the management of a refractory chronic postoperative raw area in a surgical case of breast carcinoma is reported. Acceptable wound healing was eventually achieved without disturbing the patient’s chemotherapy cycles, and a major reconstructive procedure was avoided. Conclusion. Citric acid treatment can be a cost-effective, safe, efficient, and novel option to promote faster granulation and epithelialization and may avoid the need for major reconstructive surgery.
Examining the Clinical Outcomes of a Soft Silicone Multilayer Foam Dressing for Exudate Management in US Hospitals: It Is Time to Optimize Dressing Change Frequency
Authors: McFee Kelly , Spitzer Mandy , Murdoch Julie
Published: October 2024

Background. Acute and chronic wounds in the acute hospital setting are commonly managed with soft silicone multilayer foam dressings (SSMFDs). While many SSMFDs are indicated for wear time of up to 7 days, they are often changed more frequently. Objective. To use real-world data on dressing change practices and clinical outcomes to examine whether a built-in indicator on a proprietary SSMFD could reduce unnecessary dressing changes. Materials and Methods. Health care professionals (HCPs) were screened and recruited from a health care research panel to complete per wound data capture forms. Outcomes reported included dressing wear time, healing rates, dressing change frequency, user satisfaction, and adverse events. Outcomes were reported as an aggregated data set. Results. A total of 53 wounds were analyzed. The mean treatment period was 23.83 days, which included dressing changes every 2 to 3 days on average. Of the 53 cases analyzed, the unique change indicator on the SSMFD was used to guide dressing change frequency 98% of the time. Overall, 21% of wounds completely healed (n = 11), 70% (n = 37) showed improvement, 9% (n = 5) were static, and 0% deteriorated. Conclusion. Real-world data on use of the proprietary SSMFD in an acute setting indicates that the SSMFD can allow for the optimization of dressing change protocols to enable appropriate dressing change frequency, allowing for undisturbed healing and maximizing HCP and dressing resources.
Хромосомная нестабильность при раке желудка
Authors: Немцова М.В. , Молчанов А.Д. , Кузнецова Е.Б. , Буре И.В.
Published: October 2024

В исследовании The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) с учетом выявляемых методом полноэкзомного секвенирования изменений копийности хромосомных локусов, экспрессии генов, метилирования ДНК и активности белков предложена молекулярная классификация рака желудка на четыре подтипа: подтип, ассоциированный с вирусом Эпштейна-Барр (EBV+), подтип, ассоциированный с микросателлитной нестабильностью (MSI), хромосомно-нестабильный подтип (CIN) и геномно стабильный подтип (GS). Однако в настоящее время подтип CIN недостаточно охарактеризован и не имеет эффективных и удобных маркеров для диагностики, молекулярной и гистологической верификации. Подтип CIN характеризуется наличием хромосомной нестабильности, которая проявляется повышенной частотой анеуплоидий и/или структурных хромосомных перестроек в опухолевых клетках. Структурные перестройки при раке желудка CIN являются неслучайными и выявляются в определенных хромосомных локусах, которые часто подвергаются перестройкам в результате определенной структурной организации. В обзоре рассмотрены молекулярные механизмы и возможные причины, приводящие к появлению хромосомной нестабильности в опухолях желудка, представлены характерные перестройки хромосомных локусов и их влияние на развитие и клиническое течение заболевания, а также перечислены драйверные гены, их функции и возможности их таргетирования.

The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), using approaches based on the analysis of full-exome sequencing, changes in the copy of chromosomal loci, gene expression, DNA methylation and protein activity, proposed a molecular classification of gastric cancer into four subtypes: the subtype associated with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV+), the subtype associated with microsatellite instability (MSI), chromosomally unstable subtype (CIN) and genomically stable subtype (GS). However, the subtype of GC with chromosomal instability is still insufficiently described and does not have effective and convenient markers for diagnosis, molecular and histological verification. The CIN subtype of GC is characterized by the presence of chromosomal instability, which is manifested by an increased frequency of aneuploidies and/or structural chromosomal rearrangements in tumor cells. Structural rearrangements in CIN subtype of GC are not accidental and are detected in certain chromosomal loci, which are often subject to rearrangements as a result of a certain structural organization. The review considers the molecular mechanisms and possible causes leading to the appearance of chromosomal instability in GC, presents the common rearrangements of chromosomal loci and their impact on the development and clinical course of the disease, as well as lists the driver genes, their functions and the possibilities of targeting them in CIN subtype of GC.
Результаты эпидемиологического мониторинга врожденных пороков развития в Республике Северная Осетия-Алания
Authors: Тебиева И.С. , Габисова Ю.В. , Демикова Н.С. , Зинченко Р.А.
Published: October 2024

В статье описаны результаты эпидемиологического мониторинга врожденных пороков развития у детей в Республике Северная Осетия-Алания с 2011 по 2022 годы. Наибольший вклад в структуру изолированных врожденных пороков вносят пороки сердечно-сосудистой и костно-мышечной систем и другие аномалии развития. Самыми частыми пороками развития по данным EUROCAT, в целом по РФ и по нашим региональным данным являются гипоспадия, синдром Дауна, расщелина губы и/ или неба. Более низкая частота в регионе отмечена для спинномозговой грыжи, дефектов брюшной стенки, атрезии пищевода, редукционных пороков конечностей и изолированных расщелин неба. Более высокая частота в республике по сравнению с данными EUROCAT и данными по РФ наблюдалась для транспозиции крупных сосудов. Частота врожденных пороков развития обязательного учета за этот период времени составила 15,11 на 1000 новорожденных или 1:66 новорожденных с вариацией по годам. В РСО-Алания наблюдается более высокая частота ВПР, чем в среднем по стране.

The results of epidemiological monitoring of congenital malformations in children in the Republic of North Ossetia-Alania from 2011 to 2022 are described. The main contribution to the structure of isolated congenital defects is made by defects of the cardiovascular system, musculoskeletal system and other developmental anomalies. The most common malformations, both according to EUROCAT data for the Russian Federation as a whole, and according to our regional data, are hypospadias, Down syndrome, and cleft lip/palate. Lower incidence in the region is typical for spinal bifida, abdominal wall defects, esophageal atresia, reduction malformations of the limbs, and cleft palate. A higher frequency in the republic compared to EUROCAT data and data for the Russian Federation is typical for transposition of large vessels. The frequency of congenital malformations of mandatory registration during this period of time was 15.11 per 1000 newborns or 1:66 newborns with variation over the years. In North Ossetia-Alania there is a higher incidence of congenital malformations than the national average
Теория социальной травмы и современный конституционализм
Authors: Бочкарев С.В.
Published: October 2024

В статье предпринята попытка проанализировать трактовки, сущность и тенденции развития социальной травмы в контексте взаимосвязи явлений, носящих травматогенный характер, с современным конституционализмом.

An attempt to analyze the interpretation, nature and trends in the development of social trauma in the context of the relationship of traumatic nature with modern constitutionalism is described in the article.
К вопросу о теоретико-правовом понимании деятельности
Authors: Ланг П.П.
Published: October 2024

В статье рассмотрено понятие «правовая деятельность», теоретические и методологические основы его исследования. Отмечено, что деятельность есть основное, универсальное, объединяющее условие преобразовательных социальных процессов, действия права. Определена ключевая роль мировоззрения при исследовании правовой деятельности.

The article considers the concept of «legal activity», its theoretical and methodological foundations of the study. It is noted that activity is the main, universal, unifying condition of transformative social processes, the action of law. The key role of the worldview in the study of legal activity has been determined.
Критерии определения правообладателя служебного произведения и произведения, созданного по договору авторского заказа
Authors: Свиридова Е.А.
Published: October 2024

В статье рассматриваются вопросы определения по российскому и французскому законодательству авторства на служебные произведения, выделяются критерии определения правообладателя на произведения, авторами которых выступают студенты организаций высшего образования. Автором предлагается унифицировать нормы о квалификации в качестве правообладателя произведения. Делается вывод о необходимости внесения дополнений в нормы ГК РФ о договоре авторского заказа в части признания результата интеллектуальной деятельности.

The article considers the issues of determining authorship for official works under Russian and French law, examines the problems of determining the subject of the exclusive right to intellectual property created by a person working under an employment contract with several employers and performing a similar labor function, highlights the criteria for determining the copyright holder of the works, the authors of which are students of higher education organizations. The author proposes to unify the rules on qualification as the copyright holder of the work created under the contract of author’s order, and the official work of the customer and employer, respectively, leaving the opportunity to provide for something else at the mercy of the parties.
Формирование инновационной инфраструктуры образовательной организации для коммерциализациивузовских инноваций
Authors: Миронова О.А. , Колышев О.Ю.
Published: October 2024

В статье представлены подходы к формированию платформы инновационной инфраструктуры образовательной организации, которая позволит проводить коммерциализацию вузовских инноваций для восстановления прогрессивного, востребованного производства России. Построение механизмов выявления и нивелирования проблем методологии и инструментария для формирования инновационной инфраструктуры предполагает разработку теоретико-методологического аппарата, процедур анализа и синтеза, механизмов, инструментария, системы показателей и параметров диагностики в направлении новых видов предпринимательства с позиции рыночного спроса потребителей.

The article presents the approaches to the formation of the platform of innovative infrastructure of the educational organization that which will allow the commercialization of university innovations to restore the progressive demanded production in Russia. The construction of mechanisms for identifying and leveling the problems of methodology and tools for the formation of innovative infrastructure of educational organizations for the commercialization of university innovation involves the development of theoretical and methodological apparatus, analysis and synthesis procedures, mechanisms, tools, indicators and diagnostic parameters in the direction of new types of business from the perspective of market demand of consumers.
Изучение способности к пониманию эмоционального состояния у будущих педагогов
Authors: Алаева М.В. , Ключко О.И.
Published: October 2024

В статье представлено содержание способности к пониманию эмоционального состояния как общепрофессиональной компетенции современного педагога. Авторами подобран и обоснован диагностический инструментарий, позволяющий оценить данную способность. Приведены результаты эмпирического исследования способности к пониманию эмоционального состояния у будущих педагогов на этапе вузовского обучения. Зафиксированы гетерохронность развития понимания своих эмоций и понимания эмоций других людей, а также дефицит используемых средств понимания.

The article presents the content of the ability to understand the emotional state as a general professional competence of a modern teacher. The authors selected and justified diagnostic tools to assess this ability. The results of an empirical study of the ability to understand the emotional state of future teachers at the stage of university education are given. Heterochronicity of development of understanding of one's emotions and understanding of emotions of other people, and also deficiency of the used means of understanding are presented.
Соревнование как способ формирования у школьников интереса к физической культуре
Authors: Никитушкин В.Г. , Кондрашев Е.Е.
Published: October 2024

Статья посвящена изучению соревнований как способа формирования у школьников интереса к физической культуре. Обозначена актуальность и практическая значимость темы исследования. Изучен научный базис соревновательного подхода как способа активизации структурных компонентов интереса. Представлены результаты эмпирического исследования влияния соревновательной деятельности на формирование у школьников интереса к физической культуре и спорту.

The article is devoted to studying of competitions as a method of formation at schoolchildren of interest in physical culture. The author designated relevance and the practical importance of a subject of a research. The category "interest" within crossdisciplinary approach is studied, the essence and contents it in the context of physical culture and sport is proved. The structure of interest in physical culture and sport is described. The scientific basis of competitive approach as way of activation of structural components of interest is studied. Results of an empirical research of impact of competitive activity on formation at school students of interest in physical culture and sport are presented.
Реализация проектного обучения как личностно ориентированного педагогического подхода: теоретические основы
Authors: Хаас Л.Э. , Лэсли Э.
Published: October 2024

Проектное обучение — это ориентированная на учащегося модель, в которой учащиеся погружаются в аутентичный опыт обучения в противовес традиционным педагогическим подходам в образовании. В данной работе освещаются теоретические основы проектного обучения для определения преимуществ его реализации как более эффективной и содержательной модели обучения. Проектное обучение опирается на локальное обучение и конструктивистские теории в качестве метакогнитивных опор. Благодаря пониманию преимуществ этого интерактивного подхода к обучению преподаватели смогут создать и реализовать такие возможности для обучения, чтобы расширить и поддержать получение знаний и развить критическое мышление.

Project-based learning is a student-centered instructional model where students are immersed in authentic learning experiences versus traditional pedagogical approaches in education. In this paper, theoretical foundations of Project-based learning are discussed to render information as to the benefits of implementing Project-based learning as a more effective and meaningful learning model. Project-based learning draws on situated learning and constructivist theories as metacognitive supports. Through understanding the benefits of this interactive learning approach educators can design and implement learning opportunities to increase and sustain knowledge acquisition and develop critical thinking.
Методологические аспекты изучения проблематики социальной безопасности личности
Authors: Стожко Д.К.
Published: October 2024

В статье рассматривается сущность, содержание и структура феномена социальной безопасности личности, различные ее аспекты и измерения. Раскрыта взаимосвязь социальной безопасности личности с сознанием, ценностными ориентациями и субъектными способностями личности. Предложен авторский подход к философской реконструкции феномена социальной безопасности личности. Показаны разные пласты и характеристики социальной безопасности, а также возможности ее дальнейшего изучения в контексте множественной реальности.

The article discusses the nature, content and structure of the phenomenon of social security of the individual, its various aspects and dimensions. The interrelation of social security of a person with consciousness, value orientations and subject abilities of a person is revealed. The authorʼs approach to the philosophical reconstruction of the phenomenon of social security of a person is proposed. The different layers and characteristics of social security are shown, as well as the possibilities for its further study in the context of multiple reality.
Проблемы образования детей мигрантов в городе Москве
Authors: Королёва Л.В.
Published: October 2024

последнее время Москва и Московская область принимают большое количество мигрантов, многие из которых приезжают с детьми. Получение качественного образования является одним из главных условий их переезда. Однако дети мигрантов, приезжая в столицу, сталкиваются с проблемами социально-культурной и языковой адаптации, от решения которых сегодня зависит социально-политическая стабильность и экономическое развитие столичного региона.

In recent years, Moscow and the Moscow region have taken on a large number of migrants, many of whom come with children. Getting a quality education is one of the main conditions for their relocation. However, the migrant children arriving in the capital, facing challenges of the socio-cultural and linguistic adaptation. Today, the socio-political stability and economic development of the capital region depend on the solution of these problems.
Ученый, которого потеряла Россия и обрел весь мир (памяти П.А. Сорокина)
Authors: Васильев И.А. , Жукоцкая А.В.
Published: October 2024

Статья посвящена судьбе и творчеству великого социолога П. Сорокина, его заслугам в основании интегральной социальной теории, впечатлениям наших современников от встречи с ним.

The article is devoted to the life and legacy of the great sociologist P. Sorokin, his merits in the foundation of the integrated social theory and the impressions of our contemporaries from meeting him.
Эпистемологические аспекты художественного образа
Authors: Букреева А.В.
Published: October 2024

В статье рассматривается становление миропонимания античных философов, чьи идеи оказали влияние на европейскую культуру и легли в основу европейской традиции философского мышления, что отразилось на формировании художественных стилей и направлений. Показано, что существует связь между философским знанием и образами, характерными для определенной эпохи.

The article considers the formation of the worldview of ancient philosophers, whose ideas influenced European culture and formed the basis of the European tradition of philosophical thinking; which influenced the formation of artistic styles and trends. It is shown in the article that there is a connection between philosophical knowledge and images characteristic of a certain era.
Рекламная культура в условиях формирования информационного общества
Authors: Боровлева Е.И.
Published: October 2024

В статье анализируется роль современной рекламной культуры, которая складывается на основе компьютерных технологий коммуникации и управления. Выявляется феномен рекламы, отвечающий природе человека, его коммуникационной (социальной) среде. Рассматривается интерактивная реклама, востребованная в информационном обществе, в бόльшей степени ориентированная на молодежь. Система социальной рекламы формирует наиболее эффективные условия для функционирования институтов воспитания молодого поколения.

The article analyzes the role of modern advertising culture, which is formed on the basis of computer technologies of communication and management, presenting the phenomenon of «new advertising». The phenomenon of advertising corresponding to human nature, its communication (social) environment is revealed. Interactive advertising is considered as a new type of advertising that is in demand in the information society to a greater extent oriented and attractive to young people. The system of social advertising creates the most effective conditions for the functioning of educational institutions of the younger generation.
Герменевтические практики в современном образовательном пространстве
Authors: Черненькая С.В.
Published: October 2024

В статье рассматривается сфера образования как наиболее важная из практических приложений герменевтики. Опираясь на наследие классической и современной герменевтики, автор выделяет практики чтения и работы с текстом, позволяющие воспринимать и понимать чужой текст. Применение данных техник реконструкции и изложения, интерпретации и понимания текста позволяет повышать качество получаемых студентами знаний.

The article considers the sphere of education as the most important practical application of hermeneutics. Based on the heritage of classical and contemporary hermeneutics, the author highlights the practice of reading and working with the text, allowing to perceive and understand someone elseʼs text. The use of these techniques of reconstruction and presentation, interpretation and understanding of the text can improve the quality of studentsʼ knowledge.
Анализ состояния и тенденции развития фармацевтической отрасли России в условиях глобальной экономической нестабильности
Authors: Семенюк А.А. , Савчина Ок.В.
Published: October 2024

Анализ состояния и тенденции развития фармацевтической отрасли России в условиях глобальной экономической нестабильности Настоящая статья посвящена особенностям развития фармацевтической отрасли России в условиях мирового финансового кризиса в 2008–2009 годах, современного экономического кризиса в стране и санкций со стороны США и ЕС. В работе на основе официальных статистических данных Министерства здравоохранения РФ, Федеральной таможенной службы, а также международных аналитических агентств проведен комплексный анализ состояния отрасли в динамике за 2008–2018 годы и определены основные тенденции ее развития на ближайшие 1–2 года.

This article is devoted to the development of the pharmaceutical industry in Russia in the context of the global financial crisis of 2008–2009, the current economic crisis and sanctions from the USA and the EU. Based on the official statistics of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, the Federal Customs Service and international analytical agencies, a comprehensive analysis of the state of the pharmaceutical industry over the period 2008–2018 was carried out.
Сущность и особенности финансовой услуги в информационном обществе
Authors: Евдокимова Ю.В. , Колпакова Г.М.
Published: October 2024

В статье анализируется финансовая услуга как производство финансовых ценностей. Дано определение финансовой ценности на трех уровнях: бытия, сущности и методологии. Названы особенности финансовой услуги информационного общества. Охарактеризована новая финансовая модель поведения потребителей финансовой услуги.

The article examines the financial services industry as the production of financial value. The definition of financial value is given on three levels; being, essence and methodology. The features of financial services of information society are named. The new financial model of behavior of consumers of financial services is characterized.
Финансово-экономическая деятельность вузов: система коэффициентов и абсолютных показателей
Authors: Попов Д.В.
Published: October 2024

Статья посвящена проблемам оценки деятельности высших учебных заведений и методикам анализа эффективности их финансово-экономической деятельности. В статье определена структура эффективности финансово-экономической деятельности государственных бюджетных и автономных вузов, система коэффициентов и абсолютных показателей финансово-экономической деятельности государственных бюджетных и автономных вузов.

The article is devoted to the problems of evaluating the activities of higher educational institutions and methods of analyzing the effectiveness of their financial and economic activities. The article defines the structure of the efficiency of financial and economic activities of state budgetary and autonomous universities, the system of coefficients and absolute indicators of financial and economic activity of state budgetary and autonomous universities.
Интерпретация результатов анализа параметров внутренней устойчивости предприятий судостроения
Authors: Скубрий Е.В. , Витушкина М.Г.
Published: October 2024

В статье рассмотрены методические особенности проведения мониторинга внутренней устойчивости работы предприятий судостроительной промышленности, отличающихся высокой длительностью производственного цикла изготовления продукции. Специфика производственной деятельности таких предприятий требует углубленного исследования факторов устойчивости с применением научного аппарата концепции бизнес-моделирования.

In article methodical features of carrying out monitoring of internal stability of work of the enterprises of the ship-building industry differing in the high duration of a production cycle of production of products are considered. The specifics of production activity of such enterprises demand an in-depth study of factors of stability with use of the scientific device of the concept of business simulation
Мировой опыт формирования и развития человеческого капитала в современных условиях
Authors: Шестакова О.Г. , Скубрий Е.В. , Левицкий М.Л.
Published: October 2024

В статье проведен обзор мирового опыта на примере европейских стран и США по развитию человеческого капитала. Основной упор сделан на вопросах образования населения, введения непрерывного обучения на протяжении всей жизни.

The article considers the world experience on the example of European countries and the United States on the development of human capital. The main focus is on issues of public education and the introduction of lifelong learning.
Экономическое стимулирование работодателей к снижению производственного травматизма при использовании транспорта организации
Authors: Малолетко А.Н. , Каурова О.В.
Published: October 2024

В статье рассматриваются аспекты обеспечения безопасности при эксплуатации транспортных средств компаний. Показано, что существенное число несчастных случаев на производстве происходит из-за нарушения водителями организации правил безопасного вождения. Рассмотрена связь между нарушениями правил дорожного движения и числом дорожно-транспортных происшествий. Обосновано и предложено введение надбавки к тарифу на обязательное социальное страхование от несчастных случаев на производстве и профессиональных заболеваний

In the article aspects of safety at operation of vehicles of the companies are considered. It is shown that the essential number unfortunate a case on a work happens because of violation by drivers of the organization of rules of safe driving. The relationship between traffic offenses and number of the road accidents is considered. Introduction of an extra charge to a tariff for obligatory social insurance from industrial accidents and occupational diseases is proved and proposed.
Ресурсы и потенциал Московского городского университета в управлении пространством самообразования горожан
Authors: Нехорошева Е.В. , Ле-ван Т Н. , Алексейчева Е.Ю.
Published: October 2024

В статье раскрыты результаты исследования потенциальных возможностей университета в расширении и управлении пространством развивающего общения, неформального образования и самообразования горожанина, дана оценка представленности университета и его проектов среди различных категорий горожан, рассмотрены различные каналы образовательной коммуникации и предложены инструментальные решения. Сделан вывод о необходимости построения общего городского образовательного пространства.
Обобщенная метрика оценки эффективности алгоритмов рекомендательных систем на основе энтропийного метода
Authors: Кульшин Р.С. , Сидоров А.А.
Published: October 2024

Рассматривается задача формирования интегрального показателя для оценки эффективности алгоритмов рекомендательных систем, который был создан путем объединения отдельных метрик с использованием энтропийного метода. Работа основывается на исследовании в качестве базы для тестирования набора из 12 алгоритмов, с одной стороны, и трех наборов данных, с другой, для каждой комбинации которых были рассчитаны отдельные критерии, используемые в практике оценки рекомендательных систем. Результаты исследования свидетельствуют о том, что полученный интегральный показатель является эффективным инструментом оценки работы алгоритмов рекомендательных систем. Показано, что качество работы алгоритмов различается в зависимости от размера и иных базовых характеристик набора данных. Обобщенная мера может быть использована для разработки более эффективных алгоритмов, их ансамблей, оптимизации гиперпараметров и улучшения качества рекомендаций.

The problem of forming a composite indicator for evaluating the effectiveness of recommender system algorithms is considered. A novel composite indicator is proposed by combining individual metrics using the entropy method. The testing base of this study consists of 12 algorithms (on the one hand) and 3 datasets (on the other). For each algorithm–dataset combination, we calculate partial criteria used in evaluating recommender systems. According to the results presented below, the composite indicator is an effective tool for evaluating the performance of recommender system algorithms. As is shown, the performance of the algorithms varies depending on the size and other basic characteristics of a particular dataset. This indicator can be used to develop more efficient algorithms and their ensembles as well as to optimize hyperparameters and improve the quality of recommendations.