bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Transcriptome Analysis of Embryonic Muscle Development in Chengkou Mountain Chicken
Authors: Ren Lingtong , Liu Anfang , Wang Qigui , Wang Honggan , Dong Deqiang , Liu Lingbing
Published: December 2020

Background: Muscle is the predominant portion of any meat product, and growth performance and product quality are the core of modern breeding. The embryonic period is highly critical for muscle development, the number, shape and structure of muscle fibers are determined at the embryonic stage. Herein, we performed transcriptome analysis to reveal the law of muscle development in the embryonic stage of Chengkou Mountain Chicken at embryonic days (E) 12, 16, 19, 21. Results: Diameter and area of muscle fibers exhibited significant difference at different embryonic times(P<0.01). A total of 16,330 mRNAs transcripts were detected, including 109 novel mRNAs transcripts. By comparing different embryonic muscle development time points, 2,251 (E12vsE16), 4,324 (E12vsE19), and 5,224 (E12vsE21), 1,274 (E16vsE19), 2,735 (E16vsE21) and 857 (E19vsE21) differentially expressed mRNAs were identified. It is worth noting that 6,726 mRNAs were differentially expressed. The time-series expression profile of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) showed that the rising and falling expression trends were significantly enriched. The downward trend was the most important and was enriched in 3,963 DEGs. GO enrichment analysis provided three significantly enriched categories of the down-trending genes, including 91 cellular components, 53 molecular functions, and 248 biological processes. Through KEGG analysis, we explored the pathway of downtrend genes. A total of 183 KEGG pathways were enriched, including 17 significant pathways, such as extracellular matrix-receptor interactions. Similarly, numerous pathways related to muscle development were found, including the Wnt signaling pathway (P<0.05), MAPK signalingpathway, TGF-beta signaling pathway, and mTOR signaling pathway. Among the differentially expressed genes, we selected those involved in developing 4-time points; notably, up-regulated genes included MYH1F, SLC25A12, and HADHB, whereas the down-regulated genes included STMN1, VASH2, and TUBAL3. Conclusion: Our study explored the embryonic muscle development of the Chengkou Mountain Chicken. A large number of DEGs related to muscle development have been identified ,and validation of key genes for embryonic development and preliminary explanation of their role in muscle development. Overall, this study broadened our current understanding of the phenotypic mechanism for myofiber formation and provides valuable information for improving chicken quality.
Efficacy and Biomarkers of Advanced Non-small Cell Lung Carcinoma (NSCLC) Patients Receiving Different PD-1 Agents in Northern China: A Real-world Clinical Study
Authors: Jiang Man , Zhang Xiaochun
Published: December 2020

Aim and Methods: From May 2019 to January 2020, 116 advanced NSCLC patients with programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) expression > 1% were treated with nivolumab (44), pembrolizumab (21), and toripalimab (51) as a mono-therapy, respectively. The primary endpoints were defined as the objective response rate (ORR) after 3 and 6 months of therapy, and the progression-free survival (PFS). The observed efficacy of the different PD-1 antibodies was also compared. The gene mutation statuses of tumor protein p53 (TP53), epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR ), and anaplastic lymphoma kinase ( ALK ), the tumor mutational burden (TMB), along with the expression of CD47 were analyzed.Results: Toripalimab had a higher ORR and a longer PFS than the other two PD-1 agents after 3 months of evaluation (P = 0.0178). Thenon-classical mutations of EGFR (EGFRG719C and EGFRE709V) did not significantly influence the efficacy of the PD-1 inhibitors, while TP53 mutation, high TMB and elevated PD-L1 expression showed benefits. EGFR co-mutated genes were enriched in the “Response to osmotic stress” , “response to oxidative stress” and “myeloid leukocyte activation” pathways. CD47 expression showed a negative correlation to the prognosis of anti-PD-1 therapy. Participants with ALK rearrangement exhibited poor clinical outcomes. Conclusions: Toripalimab seemed to have a more rapid effect and provide a longer PFS than pembrolizumab and nivolumab. The PD-1 blockade therapy was benefited by TP53 mutation, high TMB, and elevated PD-L1 expression. CD47 expression is a potential biomarker to predict the efficacy of PD-1 blockade treatment in patients with EGFR mutations.Clinical Trail : Real-World Study of Four PD-1 Agents in China(May/22/2019)Trial Registration number: NCT03966456 URL:https://register.clinicaltrials.gov/prs/app/action/SelectProtocol?sid=S0008Y4C&selectaction=Edit&uid=U00045OC&ts=3&cx=z2uldc
Maternal Mental Health, Handwashing Practices, and Infant Illness in Rural China
Authors: Jiang Qi , Cohen Nourya , Ohtori Mika , Gao Jie , Wang Qingzhi , Zhang Evelyn , Zhu Sabrina , Johnstone Hannah , Guo Yian , Dill Sarah-Eve , Zhou Huan , Rozelle Scott
Published: December 2020

Background: Maternal mental health problems are a major burden to global public health and play an important role in infant wellbeing. While western countries have extensively studied the associations between maternal mental disorders, infant health, and hygiene practices, little is known in developing settings. This study investigates the correlations between maternal mental health problems and infant illness as well as handwashing practices of mothers in rural western China.Methods: The research team followed a multi-stage random cluster sampling method to select a total of 720 mothers of infants aged 0-6 months from poverty counties in rural western China. Surveys questions about mental health were based on the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale-21 (DASS-21), and questions about infant illness and handwashing practices followed evaluative surveys of prior studies. Adjusted ordinary least squares (OLS) regressions were run to examine how maternal mental health problems (including depression, anxiety, and stress symptoms) are associated with infant illnesses and maternal handwashing practices.Results: We found significant associations between all three symptoms of maternal mental health and whether the infant had shown symptoms of illness twice in the past two weeks; depression and anxiety symptoms are significantly associated with whether the infant had been taken to the doctor in the past two weeks. Additionally, depression symptoms had a significant negative association with all categories of handwashing practices, and symptoms of anxiety and stress were significantly associated with handwashing count and frequently washing hands after cleaning infant’s bottom.Conclusion: These results indicate that maternal mental health problems are significantly associated with infant illness and suggest that postnatal mental health interventions may be effective in mitigating poor infant health outcomes.
Influence of Social and Cultural Practices on Maternal Mortality: A Qualitative Study from South Punjab, Pakistan
Authors: Omer Sonia , Zakar Rubeena , Zakar Muhammad Zakria , Fischer Florian
Published: December 2020

Background: A disproportionate high rate of maternal deaths are reported in developing and underdeveloped regions of the world. Much is associated with social and cultural factors which are barriers for women to utilise appropriate maternal health care. A huge body of research is available on maternal mortality in developing countries. Nevertheless, there is paucity of literature on socio-cultural factors leading to maternal mortality within the context of the Three Delay Model. The current study aims to explore socio-cultural factors leading to a delay in seeking care in maternal healthcare in South Punjab, Pakistan. Methods: We used a qualitative method and performed three types of data collection with different target groups: i) 60 key informative interviews with gynaecologists, ii) four focus group discussions with Lady Health Workers (LHWs), and iii) ten case studies among family members of deceased mothers. The study was conducted in Dear Ghazi Khan, situated at South Punjab, Pakistan. Data was analysed with the help of thematic analysis.Results: The study identified that delay in seeking care – and its potentially following maternal mortality – is more likely to occur due to certain social and cultural factors in Pakistan. Poor socioeconomic status, limited knowledge on maternal care, and financial constraints of rural people were the main barriers in seeking care. Low status of women and male domination keeps women less empowered. The preference of traditional birth attendants results into maternal deaths. In addition to that, early marriages and lack of family planning as deeply entrenched in cultural values, religion and traditions – e.g. the influence of spiritual healers – prevented young girls to obtain maternal health care.Conclusion: The situation of maternal mortality is highly alarming in Pakistan. The uphill task of reducing deaths among pregnant women is deeply rooted in addressing certain socio-cultural practices, which are constraints for women seeking maternal care. The focus on reduction of poverty and enhancement of decision-making power is essential for approaching the right of medical care.
ICU False Alarm Identification Based on Convolution Neural Network
Authors: Yu Qiang , Wang Cheng , Xi Jing , Chen Ying , Li Weifeng , Ge Yun , Huang Xiaolin
Published: December 2020

Background: In intensive care unit(ICU), excessive false alarms burden medical staff greatly, and cause medical resource waste as well. In order to alleviate false alarms in ICU, we constructed models for classification using convolutional neural networks, which can deal directly with time series and avoid extracting features manually. Results: Combining with grouping strategy, we tried two basic network structures, i.e. DGCN and EDGCN. After that, based on EDGCN, which was proved better, ensembling networks were also constructed to elevate the performance further. Considering of the limited sample size, different data expansions were also experimented. Finally, we tested our model in the online sandbox, and got a score of 78.14. Conclusions: Although the performance is slightly lower than the best scores that have been reported, our models are end-to-end, through which the original time series can be automatically mapped into a binary output, without manually feature extraction. In addition, our method innovatively uses grouped convolution to make full use of the information in multi-channel signals. In the end, we also discussed the potential solutions to further elevate performances.
Preliminary Study of the Characteristics of Rib Fractures and Their Impact on Pulmonary Ventilatory Function
Authors: Wu Weiming , Zhao Tiancheng , Li Yang , Guo Xiang , He Weiwei , Yang Yi
Published: December 2020

Background: This study aimed to investigate the pulmonary ventilation function (PVF) according to different types of rib fractures and pain levels.Methods: This was a retrospective study of patients with thoracic trauma admitted to our ward from May 1, 2015, to February 1, 2017. Vital capacity (VC), forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1), and peak expiratory flow (PEF) were measured on admission. A numerical rating scale (NRS) was used for pain assessment.Results: A total of 118 (85 males and 33 females) were included. The location of rib fractures did not affect the PVF. When the number of rib fractures was ≥ 5, the PVF was lower than in those with ≤ 4 fractures (VC: 0.40 vs. 0.47, P = 0.009; FEV1: 0.37 vs. 0.44, P = 0.012; PEF: 0.17 vs. 0.20, P = 0.031). There were no difference in PVF values between multiple and non-multiple rib fractures (VC: 0.41 vs. 0.43, P = 0.202; FEV1: 0.37 vs. 0.39, P = 0.692; PEF: 0.18 vs. 0.18, P = 0.684). When there were ≥ 5 breakpoints, the PVF parameters were lower than those with ≤ 4 breakpoints (VC: 0.40 vs. 0.50, P = 0.030; FEV1: 0.37 vs. 0.45, P = 0.022; PEF: 0.18 vs. 0.20, P = 0.013). When the NRS ≥ 7, the PVF values were lower than for those with NRS ≤ 6 (VC: 0.41 vs. 0.50, P = 0.003; FEV1: 0.37 vs. 0.47, P = 0.040; PEF: 0.18 vs. 0.20, P = 0.027).Conclusions: When the total number of fractured ribs is ≥ 5, there are ≥ 5 breakpoints, or NRS is ≥ 7, the VC, FEV1, and PEF are more affected.Trial registration: The trial was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki (as revised in 2013). The study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital and individual consent for this retrospectively registered analysis was waived.
Vonoprazan Versus Lansoprazole in the Treatment of Artificial Gastric Ulcers After Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection: a Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Kawai Daisuke , Takenaka Ryuta , Ishiguro Mikako , Okanoue Shotaro , Gotoda Tatsuhiro , Kono Yoshiyasu , Takemoto Koji , Tsugeno Hirofumi , Fujiki Shigeatsu
Published: December 2020

Background: Vonoprazan is more potent and longer acting than traditional proton pump inhibitor. Although vonoprazan is expected to be superior to proton pump inhibitor, its efficacy in the treatment of gastric ulcers following endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) is not fully understood. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of vonoprazan in artificial ulcer healing following ESD. Methods: Patients with gastric tumors were randomly assigned to the vonoprazan group (group V) or lansoprazole group (group L) after ESD. Patients received intravenous lansoprazole (30mg) twice on the day of ESD. Thereafter, patients were treated with vonoprazan (20 mg/day) in group V or lansoprazole (30 mg/day) in group L. Esophagogastroduodenoscopy was performed 4 and 8 weeks after the ESD. Results: A total of 168 patients were analyzed. The 4-week healing rate for artificial ulcer was not significantly higher in group V versus group L (17/85, 20.0% vs. 14/83, 16.9%, respectively). In addition, there were no significant differences between the 4-week shrinkage rates between the two groups. Postoperative bleeding occurred in none of the patients in group V and three in group L. One patient in group V presented delayed perforation 2 days after ESD. Conclusions: Vonoprazan might not be superior to lansoprazole in the healing of artificial gastric ulcer after ESD.Trial registration; University hospital Medical Information Network (registration number: UMIN000016642), Registered 27 February 2015, https://www.umin.ac.jp/ctr/index-j.htm
Successful treatment of cervical and upper thoracic esophageal adenocarcinoma using induction chemotherapy followed by surgery: a case report
Authors: Imai Takeharu , Tanaka Yoshihiro , Ojio Hidenori , Sato Yuta , Suetsugu Tomonari , Fukada Masahiro , Yasufuku Itaru , Iwata Yoshinori , Mori Ryutaro , Imai Hisashi , Kato Takazumi , Okumura Naoki , Matsuhashi Nobuhisa , Takahashi Takao , Futamura Manabu , Noguchi Kei , Miyazaki Tatsuhiko , Yoshida Kazuhiro
Published: December 2020

BackgroundCervical esophageal adenocarcinoma has a low incidence rate and its treatment involves various strategies. We report a patient with locally advanced cervical to upper esophageal adenocarcinoma, able to undergo induction chemotherapy and radical surgery. We report our case as a valuable clinical experience.Case presentationThe patient complained of throat stuffiness. We found a poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma between the cervical esophagus and the upper thoracic esophagus. The primary lesion had infiltrated into the tracheal membrane and had metastatized into the cervical lymph nodes. The initial diagnosis was T4bN1M0 stage IVA. The lower edge of the tumor was close to the tracheal bifurcation, making it difficult to create a longitudinal tracheal foramen during surgery. Therefore, when biweekly-DCF therapy was performed as induction chemotherapy, the tumor shrank sufficiently. Furthermore, tumor infiltration into the tracheal membrane decreased, allowing us to perform total laryngopharyngoesophagectomy with three-field lymph node dissection and reconstruction using free jejunal grafts and subtotal stomach via a posterior mediastinum route and a permanent tracheal foramen as a radical surgery. The pathological diagnosis was T2/MP, N1, and the effect of chemotherapy was grade 2. The patient is followed-up regularly.ConclusionsCervical esophageal adenocarcinoma was rare, but technically reliable and safe oncologic surgery was possible after induction chemotherapy.
High expression of PD-L1 Predicts Worse Overall Survival in the Cavitary Lung Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Liu Jiangyong , Gu Mingming , Xue Yang , Ren Yong , Huang Wencai
Published: December 2020

Objective

Solitary cavitary lung cancer is one of the rare types of lung cancer. Generally, the relationship between cavitary lung adenocarcinoma and immunotherapy remains unknown. We aimed to assess programmed cell death ligand-1(PD-L1) expression and CD8-positive (CD8+) tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) density, and evaluate their prognostic significance of patients with cavitary lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD).
Methods

65 patients diagnosed as solitary cavitary LUAD were included in this study, 30 cases of noncavitary LUAD patients were collected as controls, and their specimens from surgery or biopsy were obtained. Expression of PD-L1 protein and CD8+ TILs were detected by traditional immunohistochemistry and multiplex quantitative immunofluorescence technology. The correlations of PD-L1 expression and clinicopathological features, including overall survival in cavitary LUAD patients was evaluated based on the follow-up data.
Results

Overexpression of PD-L1 protein was detected in the tumor tissues of cavitary LUAD patients compared to the noncavitary LUAD controls. PD-L1 expression level was significantly related to the lymph node (P = 0.001), TNM stage (P = 0.024), and CD8+ TIL status (rs= -0.272, P = 0.025). High PD-L1 expression predicted high mortality rate (P < 0.001), but CD8+ TIL group showed better survival in cavitary LUAD patients (P = 0.011). This phenotype with high PD-L1 expression and low CD8 + TIL predicted poorer overall survival of the patients with cavitary LUAD, compared to the other phenotypes. Moreover, CD8+ TIL was an independent good prognosis factor.
Conclusion

We firstly demonstrated that PD-L1 is upregulated in the cavitary LUAD patients, and high expression of PD-L1 negatively correlated with CD8 T cell infiltrating status. High PD-L1 expression and low CD8 + TIL can predict poorer overall survival of the patients with cavitary LUAD.
A Novel Fusion between CDC42BPB and ALK Exon 20 in a Patient with Wild Type Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor: a case report
Authors: Huang Wen , Yuan Wei , Ren Lei , Xu Chen , Luo Rongkui , Zhou Yuhong , Lu Weiqi , Hou Yingyong
Published: December 2020

Background

Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) are the most common type of mesenchymal tumor in gastrointestinal tract (GI), with striking features of morphology and immunohistochemistry. Pathogenic activating mutations of the proto-Oncogene Kit are detected in 80–85% GISTs, while 5–7% of cases harbor activating mutations of platelet derived growth factor receptor alpha (PDGFRA). There are still some rare mutation types, including succinate dehydrogenase (SDH)-x, BRAF, RAS and NF1 mutations, or ETV6-NTRK3 fusion. Herein, we reported the first case of GIST with ALK gene rearrangement and ALK (D5F3) overexpression.
Case presentation

In this study, we described a 33-year-old female patient who appeared a massive space occupying lesion (with the maximum diameter of 22 cm) in the stomach and was eventually diagnosed as Kit and PDGFRA wide type GIST. We unexpectedly found that GIST of this patient showed ALK (D5F3) overexpression and harbored a novel fusion CDC42BPB exon 24-ALK in exon 20.
Conclusion

This is the first case of GIST with both ALK rearrangement (CDC42BPB exon 24-ALK in exon 20) and ALK (D5F3) overexpression. This rare phenomenon might suggest that ALK (D5F3) immunohistochemistry could be a screening tool for ALK-rearranged GIST. In addition, ALK inhibitors could be a potential therapeutic target for patients (with ALK rearrangement), which should be confirmed further.
Pancreatic inflammatory myofibroblastic of the pancreatic neck: a case report and literature review
Authors: Chen Zhitao , Lin Yaoxiang , Li Mengxia , Zhang Ting , Zhang Lele , Wan Dalong , Lin Shengzhang
Published: December 2020

Background

Pancreatic inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor (IMT) is a relatively rare disease, which is often confused with pancreatic cancer or pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor. Its histological features are fibroblast and myofibroblast proliferation, accompanied by varying degrees of inflammatory cell infiltration.
Case presentation

Herein, we presented the management of IMT occurring at the neck of pancreas. A 66-year-old female patient was diagnosed as pancreatic neck mass after a series of tests. Then she underwent enucleation of pancreatic neck tumor followed by pathological diagnosis of IMT. Meanwhile, we reviewed the clinical features and pathological diagnosis and treatment of pancreatic IMT which were previously reported. To our knowledge, this is the unique case of enucleation of pancreatic IMT. In the management of pancreatic IMT,
Conclusion

we concluded that enucleation may be a safe and efficient surgical method for the management of pancreatic IMT and may also provide a better prognosis. Further accumulation of cases is required to explore the surgical measure of pancreatic IMTs.
C-reactive protein with the survival outcomes of bladder cancer patients: a meta-analysis
Authors: Donald Ahouanse Roland , Ran Hailiang , Fang Die , Che Yusan , Xiao Yuanyuan
Published: December 2020

Objectives

Accumulating evidences suggested that serum C-reactive protein (CRP) was associated with the survival of bladder cancer patients. However, incongruent findings have been reported.
Methods

We comprehensively searched PubMed, Embase, and Web of science through August 2020 in order to find all eligible studies on the association between CRP and the overall survival (OS), cancer-specific survival (CSS), disease-free survival (DFS) of bladder cancer patients. The pooled hazard ratios (HRs) together with their 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated by fixed-effect model if the heterogeneity was low, and random-effect model if the heterogeneity was high. A series of subgroup meta-analysis were performed with regard to the specific characteristics of study design.
Results

Thirteen eligible studies were included in this meta-analysis. The pooled results of 8 included studies revealed that an elevated CRP was associated with poor OS (HR = 2.24, 95% CI: 1.16–4.34) and CSS (HR = 1.53 95% CI: 1.36–1.72) of bladder cancer. Besides, the combined results of 3 included studies also indicated an inferior DFS for bladder cancer patients of elevated CRP level (HR = 2.07, 95% CI: 1.24–3.35). Subgroup analyses supported the robust association between elevated CRP and CSS.
Conclusions

These findings suggested that bladder cancer patients reported increase serum CRP had inferior prognostic outcomes.
Transcriptome analysis of messenger RNA and long noncoding RNA related to different developmental stages of tail adipose tissues of sunite sheep
Authors: He Xige , Wu Rihan , Yun Yueying , Qin Xia , Chen Lu , Han Yunfei , Wu Jindi , Sha Lina , Borjigin Gerelt
Published: December 2020

Background: Sunite sheep are a fat-tailed sheep species with a low percentage of intramuscular fat and good quality lean meat, and their tail fat can be used as a source of dietary fat by humans. To understand the potential regulatory mechanism of different growth stages of tail fat in Sunite sheep, we performed high-throughput RNA sequencing to characterize the long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) and messenger RNA (mRNA) expression profiles of the sheep tail fat at the age of 6 months, 18 months, and 30 months.Results: A total of 223 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and 148 differentially expressed lncRNAs were found in the tail fat of 6-, 18-, and 30-month-old sheep (false discovery rate < 0.05, |Fold Change| ≥ 2). Based on the Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analysis, we found that fat-related DEGs were mainly expressed at 6 months of age, and gradually decreased at 18 and 30 months of age. The target gene prediction analysis shows that most of the lncRNAs target more than 20 mRNAs as their trans-regulators (53 mRNAs at most). Further, we obtained several fat-related differentially-expressed target genes; these target genes interact with different differentially expressed lncRNAs at various ages and play an important role in the development of tail fat. Based on the DEGs and differentially expressed lncRNAs, we established three co-expression networks for each comparison group. Conclusions: Finally, we conclude that the development of the sheep tail fat is more active during the early stage of growth and gradually decreases with the increase in age. The mutual regulation of lncRNAs and mRNAs may play a key role in this complex biological process, and our findings will provide some basic theoretical data for future studies on tail fat development of fat-tailed sheep.
Cross-Study Analyses of Gut Microbiomes from Healthy and Obese Individuals
Authors: Deraspe Maxime , Burdet Charles , Dominguez Juan Manuel , Laviolette François , Roy Paul H , Corbeil Jacques
Published: December 2020

Background: With the advent of metagenomics, many large studies have been conducted with the quest of better understanding gut microbiota changes in relation to varying health conditions. Significant findings have been made for diseases such as cirrhosis, colorectal cancers, inflammatory bowel diseases and others, yet one that stands out is obesity for which conflicting results have been reported in the literature. Methods: Here, we built and analyzed a cross-study dataset of healthy and obese individuals looking for major changes in the the taxonomic and functional composition of their metagenomes. Results: Our results suggest that the overweight and normal subjects have no strong dissimilarity in their metagenomes composition. Significant differences were observed when comparing the obese and the non-obese individuals in their functional and taxonomic profiles. Conclusion: In this study, we report the most significant changes that we observed and discuss their potential implication in the obesity condition.
Piezoelectric Properties of PVDF Modified 3-3 Type Cement-Based Piezoelectric Composites
Authors: Liu Wei , zhang lehui , Cao Yu , Wang Jianhong , Bai Peikang , Yang Jinlong
Published: December 2020

In this study, 3-3 type cement-based piezoelectric composites were prepared by casting Portland cement paste in porous lead zirconate titanate (PZT) ceramics, then the Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) of N-Methylpyrrolidone (NMP) solvent with concentration of 50-200 mg/ml was utilized to modify the PZT-PC composites. The influence of PVDF concentration on the density, microstructure, dielectric, piezoelectric and electromechanical properties were investigated. The results indicate that the density of PZT-PC composites increased gradually with PVDF concentration for the increasing combined weight of PVDF with the composites. The introduction of PVDF has also contributed to the reduction of leakage current during the poling and testing process, which led to increased relative permittivity εr and longitudinal piezoelectric strain coefficient d33, while the dielectric loss tanδ and longitudinal piezoelectric voltage coefficient g33 demonstrated an opposite changing trend. Both the thickness electromechanical coupling coefficient Kt and planar electromechanical coupling coefficient Kp of the PZT-PC composites increased with PVDF concentration. The acoustic impedance (Z) of PVDF modified PZT-PC composites ranged from 6.89 to 7.65 MRayls, making it suitable for applications in the health monitoring of civil engineering.
Pneumothorax in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: A real-world experience
Authors: Yamazaki Ryo , Nishiyama Osamu , Gose Kyuya , Saeki Sho , Sano Hiroyuki , Iwanaga Takashi , Tohda Yuji
Published: December 2020

Background: Some patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) develop pneumothorax. However, the characteristics of pneumothorax in patients with IPF have not been elucidated. The purpose of this study was to clarify the clinical course, actual management, and treatment outcomes of pneumothorax in patients with IPF.Methods: Consecutive patients with IPF who were admitted for pneumothorax between January 2008 and December 2018 were included. The success rates of treatment for pneumothorax, hospital mortality, and recurrence rate after discharge were examined.Results: During the study period, 36 patients with IPF were admitted with pneumothorax a total of 58 times. During the first admission, 15 patients (41.7%) did not receive chest tube drainage, but 21 (58.3%) did. Of the 21 patients, 8 (38.1%) received additional therapy after chest drainage. The respective treatment success rates were 86.6% and 66.7% in patients who underwent observation only vs chest tube drainage. The respective hospital mortality rates were 13.3% and 38.0%. The total pneumothorax recurrence rate after hospital discharge was 34.6% (n = 9).Conclusions: Pneumothorax in patients with IPF was difficult to treat successfully, had a relatively poor prognosis, and showed a high recurrence rate.
Patient satisfaction and its socio-demographic correlates in a tertiary public hospital in Nepal: A cross sectional study
Authors: Adhikari Mukesh , Poudel Narendra Raj , Mishra Shiva Raj , Shrestha Archana , Upadhyaya Dipak Prasad
Published: December 2020

Background Patient satisfaction is one proxy indicator of the health care quality; however, enhancing patient satisfaction in low-income settings is very challenging due to the inadequacy of resources as well as low health literacy among patients. In this study, we assess patient satisfaction and its correlates in a tertiary public hospital in Nepal.Methods We conducted a cross sectional study at outpatient department of Bhaktapur Hospital of Nepal. To recruit participants for the study, we applied a systematic random sampling method. Our study used a validated Patient Satisfaction Questionnaire III (PSQ-III) developed by RAND Corporation including various contextual socio-demographic characteristics. We calculated mean score and percentages of satisfaction across seven dimensions of patient satisfaction. To determine the association between various dimensions of patient satisfaction and socio-demographic characteristics of the patient, we used a multi-ordinal logistic regression.Results Among 204 patients, we observed a wide variation in patient satisfaction across seven dimensions. About 39 % of patients were satisfied in the dimension of general satisfaction, 92 % in interpersonal manner, and 45 % in accessibility and convenience. Sociodemographic factors such as age (AOR: 6.42; CI: 1.30-35.05), gender (AOR: 2.81; CI: 1.41-5.74), and ethnicity (AOR: 0.26; CI: 0.08-0.77) were associated with general satisfaction of the patients. Other sociodemographic variables such as education, occupation, and religion were associated with a majority of the dimensions of patient satisfaction (p <0.05). Age was found to be the strongest predictor of patient satisfaction in five out of seven dimensions.Conclusions We concluded that patient satisfaction varies across different dimensions. Therefore, targeted interventions that direct to improve the dimensions of patient satisfaction where the proportion of satisfaction is low are needed. Similar studies should be conducted regularly at different levels of health facilities across the country to capture a wider picture of patient satisfaction at various levels.
Doping Practices in International Weightlifting: Analysis of sanctioned athletes/support personnel from 2008-2019 and retesting of samples from the 2008 and 2012 Olympic Games
Authors: Kolliari-Turner Alexander , Oliver Brian , Lima Giscard , Mills John P. , Wang Guan , Pitsiladis Yannis , Guppy Fergus M
Published: December 2020

Background: The pervasiveness of doping and findings of anti-doping corruption threaten weightlifting’s position at the 2024 Olympic Games. Analysing the practices of doping in weightlifters could identify patterns in doping that assist in future detection. Methods: We analysed publicly available data on sanctioned athletes/support personnel from the International Weightlifting Federation between 2008-2019 and announced retrospective Anti-Doping Rule Violations (ADRVs) from the 2008 and 2012 Olympic Games. Results: There were 565 sanctions between 2008-2019 of which 82% related to the detection of exogenous Anabolic Androgenic Steroid (AAS) metabolites and markers indicating endogenous AAS usage. The detection of exogenous AAS metabolites, markers of endogenous AAS usage and other substance metabolites varied by IWF Continental Federation (p ≤ 0.05) with Europe (74%, 11%, 15%) and Asia (70%, 15%, 15%) showing a higher detection of exogenous AAS compared to Pan America (37%, 30%, 33%) and Africa (50%, 17%, 33%). When looking at the 10 most detected substances, the nations with the highest number of sanctions (range 17-35) all had at least one overrepresented substance that accounted for 38-60% of all detected substances. The targeted re-analysis of samples from the 2008 and 2012 Olympic Games due to the discovery of long-term metabolites for exogenous AAS resulted in 61 weightlifters producing retrospective ADRVs. This includes 34 original medallists (9 Gold, 10 Silver and 15 Bronze), the highest of any sport identified by Olympic Games sample re-testing. The exogenous AAS Dehydrochloromethyltestosterone and Stanozolol accounted for 83% of detected substances and were present in 95% of these samples. Conclusion: Based on these findings of regional differences in doping practices, weightlifting would benefit from the targeted testing of certain regions and continuing investment in long-term sample storage as the sensitivity and specificity of detection continues to improve.
Aportes de la antropología ficcionalista a la formación humana
Authors: Saavedra Rey Sneider , Saavedra Rey Liliana
Published: December 2020

La noción de sentido común de la ficción como falsedad, contraria a los avances de las teorías antropológica, literaria y filosófica al respecto, limita el valor formativo de esta modalidad discursiva en un sistema educativo y una sociedad interesados en saberes útiles. En respuesta, este artículo teórico derivado de investigación reconoce al ser humano como un animal simbólico y fabulador, necesitado del lenguaje, en general, y de las ficciones, en particular, para construir su realidad. Por esta razón, se rescatan para el ámbito educativo los planteamientos fundamentales de la antropología ficcionalista profundizando en sus aportes para la formación humana: la ficción comprendida como exploración de mundos posibles para ampliar la experiencia vital de cada persona, más allá de lo acaecido en su existencia o de lo convenido socialmente como real.
El rol del maestro en indagaciones escolares mediante simulaciones
Authors: Solé-Llussà Anna , Aguilar Caamaño David , Ibáñez Plana Manuel
Published: December 2020

En la didáctica de las ciencias experimentales las simulaciones mediante ordenador permiten a los estudiantes de primaria indagar fenómenos naturales sobre los que difícilmente podrían experimentar manipulativamente. Las simulaciones ayudan a mejorar el aprendizaje de los estudiantes, pero la mayor parte de la literatura sobre simulaciones no considera el papel de los maestros en estas indagaciones con experimentación virtual. Este trabajo de revisión sintetiza los principales resultados prácticos ofrecidos por las 8 investigaciones disponibles en la literatura. Todos ellos basados en simulaciones libremente disponibles en las plataformas PhET Simulations y Concorde Consortium.

La revisión concluye que faltan estudios integrados en su contexto curricular y estudios comparativos, en cuanto al papel del maestro, entre indagaciones tradicionales y mediante simulación. Finalmente se sugiere la oportunidad de desarrollar una biblioteca organizada y completa de simulaciones indagadoras para educación primaria.
Entornos tecnológicos en el codiseño de itinerarios personalizados de aprendizaje en la enseñanza superior
Authors: De Benito Bárbara , Moreno García Juan , Villatoro Moral Sofía
Published: December 2020

Las tendencias metodológicas en la educación superior, basadas en la flexibilización y la participación activa de los estudiantes, requieren nuevas configuraciones tecnológicas que faciliten su implementación.

En este artículo, se presenta un estudio dirigido a analizar las herramientas y funciones asociadas a los procesos de codiseño, enfocados a la construcción de itinerarios personalizados de aprendizaje en entornos virtuales en el ámbito universitario.

Siguiendo una metodología de Investigación Basada en Diseño, el estudio se ha realizado en seis asignaturas de tecnología educativa en los grados de Educación Infantil, Primaria y Pedagogía de la Universidad de las Islas Baleares. 

Como resultado, se ha generado una clasificación funcional de herramientas, que ha permitido elaborar una propuesta de configuración de entorno tecnológico de apoyo a procesos para codiseño en la construcción de itinerarios de aprendizaje que favorezcan la autorregulación y la agencia de los estudiantes. 

Cualquier propuesta de configuración tecnológica debe responder al diseño pedagógico, decisiones institucionales, logísticas o personales.
The Legal Model of Responsible Parenthood on The Example of Regional Legislation of the Russian Federation
Authors: Koryakina Z. , Zhegusov Yu.
Published: December 2020

The relevance of the research issue is its novelty and socially significant conditionality provided by law of the legal and social “scenario” of responsible parenthood, prescribing common standards for parents raising minors. It is well known that the regulation of family relations, including parents and children, is one of the most relevant international research topics. In this regard, this article aims to obtain an overall view of the institution of responsible parenthood, included in the legal regulation in a set of rules and regulations established by the state and forming its special content. The leading approach (method) to the study of this problem is legal and sociological, allowing for a comprehensive review of the legal and social content of responsible parenthood on the example of regulation. The article presents relevant issues of responsible parenthood and its development based on specific laws; revealing its legal and social content while considering the potential of this type of parenthood. The research has scientific novelty, as it is the first attempt to consider the legal model of responsible parenthood on the example of Russian legislation. These materials can provide theoretical and practical value for further scientific research, as well as updating the regulatory approach to the regulation of family relations.
Virus as a Nanocarrier for Drug Delivery Redefining Medical
Therapeutics - A Status Report
Authors: Ojha Sanjay Kumar , Kumar Subrat , Pattnaik Ritesh , Singh Puneet Kumar , Dixit Shubha , Mishra Snehasish , Pal Sreyasi
Published: December 2020

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Over the last two decades, drug delivery systems have evolved at a tremendous rate. Synthetic nanoparticles have
played an important role in the design of vaccine and their delivery as many of them have shown improved safety and
efficacy over conventional formulations. Nanocarriers formulated by natural, biological building blocks have become an
important tool in the field biomedicine. A successful nanocarrier must have certain properties like evading the host immune
system, target specificity, cellular entry, escape from endosomes, and ability to release material into the cytoplasm. Some or
all of these functions can be performed by viruses making them a suitable candidate for naturally occurring nanocarriers.
Moreover, viruses can be made non-infectious and non-replicative without compromising their ability to penetrate cells thus
making them useful for a vast spectrum of applications. Currently, various carrier molecules are under different stages of
development to become bio-nano capsules. This review covers the advances made in the field of viruses as potential
nanocarriers and discusses the related technologies and strategies to target specific cells by using virus inspired nanocarriers.
In future, these virus-based nano-formulations will be able to provide solutions towards pressing and emerging infectious
diseases.
The Role of Surveillance Bronchoscopy Following a Lung Transplantation
Authors:   Thoracic Surgery and Lung Transplant Unit Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda-Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy, Mohamed Shehab , Tosi Davide , Pieropan Sara , Cara Andrea , Caffarena Giovanni , Croci Giorgio Alberto , Rosso Lorenzo
Published: December 2020

Pulmonary transplantation (LuTx) is established as a treatment option for patients with end-stage lung diseases, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, cystic fibrosis, interstitial lung disease, and pulmonary arterial hypertension. Acute rejection and infection are implicated as potential risk factors in developing complications such as bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome (BOS) and chronic rejection, leading to high morbidity and mortality rates after the LuTx. Thus, surveillance procedures after transplantation are crucial to prevent further complications. Clinical monitoring is done through pulmonary function tests and procedural methods such as surveillance bronchoscopy and transbronchial biopsy of lung allografts, which are the most commonly used diagnostic tests. In this review, we aim to analyze the role of bronchoscopy as a surveillance procedure in determining the presence of infection or rejection as well as the management of airway complications after LuTx. We have also discussed the risk and benefit ratio of standard transbronchial biopsy (TBB) and transbronchial cryobiopsy (TCB) as routine performance after LuTx.
Framing Effect And Belief Adjustment Model In Investment Judgment
Authors: Almilia Luciana Spica , Wulanditya Putri , Nita Riski Aprilia
Published: December 2020

This study aims to examine the framing effect and belief adjustment model of the investment decision. A previous study examined partially the effect of framing and belief adjustment models. This research used experiment method. Research method is 2 x 2 x 2 mixed design experiment (between and within subject).  Experiment method of 2 x 2 x 2 includes disclosure pattern (step by step and end of sequence), evidence order (good news followed by bad news and bad news followed by good news), and Framing Effect (negative frame and positive frame). Research participants in this research are: non-professional investor and professional investor. The number of participants in this research is 274 people consisting of 154 participants from non-professional investors and 120 participants from professional investors.  The experiment was done by researcher in June to October 2015. The results showed framing effect, the order of presentation and the presentation of information patterns affect investors in making investment decisions. The contribution for financial accountancy literature is that this research tries to conduct reconstruction on puzzle of investment decision making model.
Determinats Of The Amount Of Related Party Transaction: Tax Expense And Institutional Ownership
Authors: Soraya Lia Rahmawati , Rachmawati Nurul Aisyah
Published: December 2020

This research is testing whether tax expense and institutional ownership have an influence on the amount of Related Party Transactions (RPT) both related to sales and expense (RPTSE). The population in this research is manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange with a total sample of 174 out of 58 manufacturing companies with research period in 2016-2018. By using panel data regression analysis, the results showed indicate that the tax expense of the previous year has a significant positive effect on the amount of related party transactions related to sales and expenses (RPTSE). This shows that the tax expense can encourage companies to conduct related party transactions in the following year. Meanwhile, institutional variables do not have a significant effect on related party transactions related to sales and expense (RPTSE).Practically, related party transactions are relatively complex, so that institutional ownership does not guarantee tomonitor of these transactions.
Krikščioniškos kilmės asmenvardžiai Lietuvoje seniausioje 1599–1621 m. Joniškio parapijos krikšto metrikų knygoje
Authors:   Lietuvių kalbos institutas, Ragauskaitė Alma
Published: December 2020

Vieni vertingiausių XVI–XVIII a. lietuvių istorinės antroponimijos dokumentų yra bažnytinės (krikšto, jungtuvių, mirties) registracijos knygos ir kt. to meto istorijos šaltiniai. Ypač dėmesį patraukė chronologiniu aspektu unikali, kaip dabar žinoma seniausia Lietuvoje, Joniškio parapijos 1599–1621 m. krikšto metrikų knyga. Šiame straipsnyje analizuojami 556 krikščioniškos kilmės antroponimai. Iš jų rekonstruoti 146 asmenvardžiai, turintys lietuviškas priesagas (*Andriejūnas, *Baltramiejūnas, *Čepaitis, *Griciūnas, *Jankūnas, *Kasiulis, *Laurynaitis, *Motiejuitis, *Petraitis, *Ramonaitis, *Stanaitis, *Šimaitis, *Tamošaitis, *Vaitiekaitis). Sugretinus 146 atkurtų asmenvardžių formas su dabartinėmis lietuvių pavardėmis, pastebėta, jog 92 (63 %) funkcionuoja ir šiandien. Likusieji 54 (37 %) turi tos pačios kilmės, tik skirtingos darybos atitikmenis šių dienų vardyne (*Andruškaitis, *Baniuškuitis, *Gricaitis, *Maciuluitis, *Pečiuluitis, *Romanuitis, *Stankūnaitis, *Tamošuitis, *Urniežiuitis,*Valančaitis).
A Case of Teaching Modern Latvian
Authors:   Vilnius University, Sausverde Ērika
Published: December 2020

Numerous reviews of the language teaching subject show that, in spite of the impressive diversity of methods and approaches, certain basic ideas are repeated and reinterpreted, Recognition of the complexity and diversity of language learning contexts has led some to suggest that we have moved ‘beyond methods’ to a ‘postmethod’ condition (Kumaravadivelu 2002; Savignon 2007). It seems there is a big gap between CLT (communicative language teaching - one of the most popular methods today) as an approach and its implementation. This paper considers that dialogue, one of fundamentals of CLT, should be born within the free communication of learners who are taught to produce a monologue. The method of constructing lectures around good texts along with plenty of (grammar) drills is presented with the idea that such a method would help the learner to move rather speedily from the phase of interlanguage to the target language.