bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Phase-space Spectral Line Deconfusion in Intensity Mapping
Authors: Cheng Yun-Ting , Chang Tzu-Ching , Bock James J.
Published: October 2020

Line intensity mapping (LIM) is a promising tool to efficiently probe the three-dimensional large-scale structure by mapping the aggregate emission of a spectral line from all sources that trace the matter density field. Spectral lines from different redshifts can fall in the same observed frequency and be confused, however, which is a major challenge in LIM. In this work, we develop a line deconfusion technique in map space capable of reconstructing the three-dimensional spatial distribution of line-emitting sources. If multiple spectral lines of a source population are observable in multiple frequencies, using the sparse approximation, our technique iteratively extracts sources along a given line of sight by fitting the LIM data to a set of spectral templates. We demonstrate that the technique successfully extracts sources with emission lines present at a few σ above the noise level, taking into account uncertainties in the source modeling and presence of continuum foreground contamination and noise fluctuations. As an example, we consider a Tomographic Ionized-carbon Mapping Experiment/CarbON C ii line in post-rEionisation and ReionisaTiOn epoch (TIME/CONCERTO)-like survey targeting [C ii] at the epoch of reionization, and reliably reconstruct the 3D spatial distribution of the CO interlopers and their luminosity functions at 0.5 ≲ z ≲ 1.5. We also demonstrate a successful deconfusion for the Spectro-Photometer for the History of the Universe, Epoch of Reionization, and Ices Explorer (SPHEREx) mission in the near-infrared wavelengths. We discuss a formalism in which the reconstructed maps can be further cross-correlated with a (galaxy) tracer population to estimate the total interloper power. This technique is a general framework to extract the phase-space distribution of low-redshift interlopers, without the need of external information, for any line deconfusion problem.
An Intensity Mapping Detection of Aggregate CO Line Emission at 3 mm
Authors: Keating Garrett K. , Marrone Daniel P. , Bower Geoffrey C. , Keenan Ryan P.
Published: October 2020

We present a detection of molecular gas emission at z ∼ 1–5 using the technique of line intensity mapping. We make use of a pair of 3 mm interferometric data sets, the first from the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) Spectroscopic Survey in the Hubble Ultra Deep Field, and the second from a series of Atacama Compact Array (ACA) observations conducted between 2016 and 2018, targeting the COSMOS field. At 100 GHz, we measure nonzero power at 97.8% and 99.9% confidence in the ACA and ALMA data sets, respectively. In the joint result, we reject the zero-power hypothesis at 99.99% confidence, finding

. After accounting for sample variance effects, the estimated spectral shot power is

. We derive a model for the various line species our measurement is expected to be sensitive to, and estimate the shot power to be

,

, and

for CO(2–1) at z = 1.3, CO(3–2) at z = 2.5, and CO(4–3) at z = 3.6, respectively. Using line ratios appropriate for high-redshift galaxies, we find these results to be in good agreement with those from the CO Power Spectrum Survey. Adopting α
CO = 3.6 M
⊙ (K km s−1 pc2)−1, we estimate a cosmic molecular gas density of

 ∼ 108
M
⊙ Mpc−3 between z = 1–3.
The Relative Role of Bars and Galaxy Environments in AGN Triggering of SDSS Spirals
Authors: Kim Minbae , Choi Yun-Young
Published: October 2020

We quantify the relative role of galaxy environment and bar presence on AGN triggering in face-on spiral galaxies using a volume-limited sample with 0.02 < z < 0.055, M

r
 < 19.5, and σ > 70

selected from Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) Data Release 7. To separate their possible entangled effects, we divide the sample into bar and non-bar samples, and each sample is further divided into three environment cases of isolated galaxies, interacting galaxies with a pair, and cluster galaxies. The isolated case is used as a control sample. For these six cases, we measure AGN fractions at a fixed central star formation rate and central velocity dispersion, σ. We demonstrate that the internal process of the bar-induced gas inflow is more efficient in AGN triggering than the external mechanism of the galaxy interactions in groups and cluster outskirts. The significant effects of bar instability and galaxy environments are found in galaxies with a relatively less massive bulge. We conclude that from the perspective of AGN–galaxy coevolution, a massive black hole is one of the key drivers of spiral galaxy evolution. If it is not met, a bar instability helps the evolution, and in the absence of bars, galaxy interactions/mergers become important. In other words, in the presence of a massive central engine, the role of the two gas inflow mechanisms is reduced or almost disappears. We also find that bars in massive galaxies are very decisive in increasing AGN fractions when the host galaxies are inside clusters.
Black Hole Formation in the Lower Mass Gap through Mergers and Accretion in AGN Disks
Authors: Yang Y. , Gayathri V. , Bartos I. , Haiman Z. , Safarzadeh M. , Tagawa H.
Published: October 2020

The heaviest neutron stars and lightest black holes expected to be produced by stellar evolution leave the mass range 2.2 M

largely unpopulated. Objects found in this so-called lower mass gap likely originate from a distinct astrophysical process. Such an object, with mass 2.6 M

was recently detected in the binary merger GW190814 through gravitational waves by LIGO/Virgo. Here we show that black holes in the mass gap are naturally assembled through mergers and accretion in active galactic nucleus (AGN) disks, and can subsequently participate in additional mergers. We compute the properties of AGN-assisted mergers involving neutron stars and black holes, accounting for accretion. We find that mergers in which one of the objects is in the lower mass gap represent up to 4% of AGN-assisted mergers detectable by LIGO/Virgo. The lighter object of GW190814, with mass 2.6 M

, could have grown in an AGN disk through accretion. We find that the unexpectedly high total mass of 3.4 M

observed in the neutron star merger GW190425 may also be due to accretion in an AGN disk.
Estimating the benefit of quarantine: eradicating invasive cane toads from islands
Authors: Smart Adam S. , Tingley Reid , Phillips Ben L.
Published: October 2020

Islands are increasingly used to protect endangered populations from the negative impacts of invasive species. Quarantine efforts on islands are likely to be undervalued in circumstances in which a failure incurs non-economic costs. One approach to ascribe monetary value to such efforts is by modeling the expense of restoring a system to its former state. Using field-based removal experiments on two different islands off northern Australia separated by > 400 km, we estimate cane toad densities, detection probabilities, and the resulting effort needed to eradicate toads from an island. We use these estimates to conservatively evaluate the financial benefit of cane toad quarantine across offshore islands prioritized for conservation management by the Australian federal government. We calculate density as animals per km of freshwater shoreline, and find striking concordance of density estimates across our two island study sites: a mean density of 352 [289, 466] adult toads per kilometre on one island, and a density of 341 [298, 390] on the second. Detection probability differed between our two study islands (Horan Island: 0.1 [0.07, 0.13]; Indian Island: 0.27 [0.22, 0.33]). Using a removal model and the financial costs incurred during toad removal, we estimate that eradicating cane toads would, on average, cost between $22 487 [$14 691, $34 480] (based on Horan Island) and $39 724 [$22 069, $64 001] AUD (Indian Island) per km of available freshwater shoreline. We estimate the remaining value of toad quarantine across islands that have been prioritized for conservation benefit within the toads’ predicted range, and find the net value of quarantine efforts to be $43.4 [28.4–66.6] – $76.7 [42.6–123.6] M depending on which island dataset is used to calibrate the model. We conservatively estimate the potential value of a mainland cane toad containment strategy – to prevent the spread of toads into the Pilbara Bioregion – to be $80 [52.6–123.4] – $142 [79.0–229.0] M. We present a modeling framework that can be used to estimate the value of preventative management, via estimating the length and cost of an eradication program. Our analyses suggest that there is substantial economic value in cane toad quarantine efforts across Australian offshore islands and in a proposed mainland containment strategy.
Azara’s No. 21 “Gavilán pardo obscuro” is not a Short-tailed Hawk Buteo brachyurus
Authors: Smith Paul
Published: October 2020

Almost half of the 400+ species described in Félix de Azara’s “Apuntamientos para la historia natural de los páxaros del Paraguay y Rio de la Plata” were new to science at the time of its publication; however, not all of these have yet been correctly identified. Azara’s No. 21 “Gavilán pardo obscuro” has long been misidentified as a dark phase of the Short-tailed Hawk Buteo brachyurus. However, the description of plumage, jizz, habitat and measurements are inconsistent with that species and Azara’s No. 21 can, in fact, be convincingly identified as a juvenile Swainson’s Hawk Buteo swainsoni, the earliest Paraguayan report of this species. No scientific names were apparently ever based on Azara No. 21.
Long-term Follow-up and Optimization of Infliximab in Refractory Uveitis Due to Behçet Disease: National Study of 103 White Patients
Authors: Martín-Varillas José Luis , Atienza-Mateo Belén , Calvo-Rio Vanesa , Beltrán Emma , Sánchez-Bursón Juan , Adán Alfredo , Hernández-Garfella Marisa , Valls-Pascual Elia , Sellas-Fernández Agustí , Ortego Norberto , Maíz Olga , Torre Ignacio , Fernández-Espartero Cruz , Jovani Vega , Peiteado Diana , Valle David Díaz , Aurrecoechea Elena , Caracuel Miguel A. , García-González Alfredo J. , Álvarez Enrique Raya , Vegas-Revenga Nuria , Demetrio-Pablo Rosalía , Castañeda Santos , González-Gay Miguel A. , Hernández José Luis , Blanco Ricardo ,   Ricardo Blanco on behalf of the Spanish Collaborative Group of Refractory Behçet’s Disease
Published: October 2020

Objective

In a large series of White patients with refractory uveitis due to Behçet disease (BD) being treated with infliximab (IFX), we assessed (1) long-term efficacy and safety of IFX, and (2) IFX optimization when ocular remission was achieved.

Methods

Our multicenter study of IFX-treated patients with BD uveitis refractory to conventional immunosuppressant agents treated 103 patients/185 affected eyes with IFX as first biologic therapy in the following intervals: 3–5 mg/kg intravenous at 0, 2, 6, and then every 4–8 weeks. The main outcome variables were analyzed at baseline, first week, first month, sixth month, first year, and second year of IFX therapy. After remission, based on a shared decision between patient and clinician, IFX optimization was performed. Efficacy, safety, and cost of IFX therapy were evaluated.

Results

In the whole series (n = 103), main outcome variables showed a rapid and maintained improvement, reaching remission in 78 patients after a mean IFX duration of 31.5 months. Serious adverse events were observed in 9 patients: infusion reactions (n = 4), tuberculosis (n = 1),Mycobacterium aviumpneumonia (n = 1), severe oral ulcers (n = 1), palmoplantar psoriasis (n = 1), and colon carcinoma (n = 1). In the optimization subanalysis, the comparative study between optimized and nonoptimized groups showed (1) no differences in clinical characteristics at baseline, (2) similar maintained improvement in most ocular outcomes, (3) lower severe adverse events, and (4) lower mean IFX costs in the optimized group (€4826.52 vs €9854.13 per patient/yr).

Conclusion

IFX seems to be effective and relatively safe in White patients with refractory BD uveitis. IFX optimization is effective, safe, and cost-effective.
Infertility Causes and Pregnancy Outcome in Patients With Familial Mediterranean Fever and Controls
Authors: Sotskiy Pavel Olegovich , Sotskaya Olga Leontevna , Hayrapetyan Hasmik Sureni , Sarkisian Tamara Fadei , Yeghiazaryan Anna Rafaelovna , Atoyan Stepan Armenovich , Ben-Chetrit Eldad
Published: October 2020

Objective

Recurrent attacks of peritonitis due to familial Mediterranean fever (FMF) may lead to peritoneal adhesions and fallopian tube obstruction. Colchicine, which is the treatment of choice for FMF, may disturb cell division. Secondary amyloidosis, a complication of untreated FMF, may involve the testes and ovaries. Thus, FMF and colchicine may potentially affect fertility and pregnancy in patients with FMF. The aims of the study are to evaluate the causes of infertility and pregnancy outcome in FMF patients and to compare them with 2 groups: non-FMF patients with peritoneal female genital tuberculosis (FGTB) and normal healthy controls.

Methods

This is a retrospective study in which FMF patients with reproductive disorders were recruited from the National Center of Medical Genetics and Primary Health Care in Yerevan, Armenia. The patients with FGTB and the healthy controls with reproductive problems were recruited successively from a large gynecology clinic in Yerevan. Genetic analyses for FMF were performed using ViennaLab StripAssay.

Results

The FMF group (211 patients) resembles the FGTB group (127 patients) regarding etiologies of infertility. However, in vitro fertilization (IVF) success rate and pregnancy outcome were comparable between the FMF patients and the control group (162 patients). Infertility in patients with FMF was clearly associated with a more severe disease and a lack of adequate colchicine treatment.

Conclusions

Colchicine medication and controlled FMF disease do not adversely affect the reproductive system and pregnancy outcome. However, a lack of an appropriate colchicine treatment may cause infertility and poor pregnancy outcome.
Forage preference identification of wildGynanisa maja (Klug, 1836) and perspectives for improved livelihoods in Zambia
Authors: Chanda B. , Olweny C. , Chungu D.
Published: October 2020

Gynanisa maja (Klung, 1836) is the wild edible caterpillar of a speckled emperor moth belonging to the order Lepidoptera and the family Saturniidae. It is a species of nutritional and economic importance and provides food security at household level during its harvesting season. Despite the significant value this caterpillar has, it is harvested seasonally and harvested in unsustainable ways such as cutting down of its food plants resulting in habitat destruction likely to lead into species extinction consequently, threatening food security. Therefore, this study aimed at identifying the preferred food plants of wildG. maja that will help in the definition of the actions needed for conservation of theG. maja moth consequently contribute positively towards combating food and nutrition insecurity. The household survey was carried out in 61 villages from five clusters of Luampa district to determine the knowledge of people on the food plants ofG. maja and the structured questionnaire was used to collect data via face to face interview. A total of 400 respondents participated and five food plants belonging to the family Fabaceae were mentioned which include;Julbernadia paniculata (Benth.) Troupin,Erythrophleum africanum (Welw. ex Benth.) Harms,Brachystegia longifolia Benth,Albizia antunesiana Harms andBrachystegia spiciformis Benth. All (100% of respondents) mentionedJ. paniculata (Benth.) Troupin as the primary preferred food plant ofG. maja while others indicated the other four food plants as secondary or alternatives. Based on these findings, the food plant likeJ. paniculata can be utilised for embarking on farmingG. maja which will result in the conservation ofG. maja and its food plant.
Addressing the Faculty Shortage Through Connections: Stories of Becoming a Nurse Educator
Authors: Ross Bonnie , Kerrigan Monica Reid
Published: October 2020

Background:

The current nursing faculty shortage is projected to continue. This article addresses recruitment and retention by contributing to the public stories of successful nursing faculty.

Method:

Narrative inquiry was used to examine how the ways of knowing of three associate degree nurse educators evolved over time in the community college setting.

Results:

The educators' early stories portrayed an internal tension that was in sharp contrast to the capability and self-confidence of an expert nurse. Stories revealed their struggle to balance empathy and care (connected knowing) with logic and objectivity (separate knowing) when handling challenging student situations. Over time, the educators developed ways of integrating connected and separate knowing, becoming constructivist knowers.

Conclusion:

The findings validate the importance of providing meaningful support for novice educators. Private spaces to promote reflection and active dialoging with a trusted mentor will assist new faculty as they work through their integration of caring verses objective knowing.

[
J Nurs Educ
. 2020;59(10):545–550.]
Crónica de la destrucción de una ciudad del reino de Ugarit (TU 00-2.61)
Authors: Cunchillos Jesús-Luis , Vita Juan-Pablo
Published: October 2020

La carta ugarítica 00-2.61, cuya numeración corresponde al Banco de datos filológicos semíticos noroccidentales, es un documento importante para la historia militar de Ugarit. Narra la toma y destrucción de una ciudad a manos de Binḫarrānu, personaje del que no se tienen más noticias. A través de su traducción y comentario filológico, este trabajo pone de manifiesto la perfecta estructura sintáctica del texto. También se destaca el carácter de crónica de esta carta.
Los mesías de Qumrán. Problemas de un traductor
Authors: García Martínez Florentino
Published: October 2020

No disponible.
Preparing Future Teachers for Technology Integration
Authors: Bahçekapılı Özdemir Tuğba , Karal Hasan
Published: October 2020

Over recent years, technological pedagogical content knowledge (TPACK) has been commonly used as a technology integration framework in both research and practice to support teacher knowledge in terms of instructional decision making in a technology-driven learning environment. This chapter focuses on collaboration between pre-service classroom teachers and ICT teachers. Within the scope of technology integration and by characterizing Computer Education and Instructional Technologies Department (CEIT) graduates as technology coordinators besides their ICT teacher role in Turkey, a collaborative process in which pre-service teachers from CEIT department work as technology mentor to those in the classroom teaching program was carried out. As a result of collaboration between pre-service teachers, due to the two-way interaction, it was expected that the pre-service classroom teachers could develop their knowledge in terms of TPACK and pre-service teachers from CEIT could able to have tangible experiences about the role they will take on in the future in the context of integration.
What We (Do Not) Know About Research on Innovation in Hotels
Authors: Fernandes Catarina , Pires Rui Alexandre R.
Published: October 2020

This chapter performs a bibliometric analysis on innovation in hotels field. More specifically, it maps the current research front on innovation in hotels field based on 287 papers published in refereed journals indexed to the Scopus database. Using the VOSviewer software and the bibliographic coupling method, it was possible to identify and systematize the main research streams of this field: 1) technological innovation, 2) sustainable innovation, 3) innovative work behavior, 4) market orientation' role in promoting innovation, 5) knowledge-based resources as a driver of innovation and performance as an outcome of innovation, 6) service innovation, 7) knowledge sharing and management as a key factor for innovation, 8) innovation ambidexterity, 9) innovation in time of crisis, and 10) learning approach as a source of innovation. The findings presented in this chapter will enable future authors studying innovation in hotels to focus their studies more effectively.
Day Ahead Electricity Price Forecasting in Coupled Markets
Authors: Daskalou Konstantinia , Diakaki Christina
Published: October 2020

Day ahead electricity price forecasting is an extensively studied problem, and several statistical, intelligence-based, and other techniques have been proposed in literature to address it. However, the liberalization of the electricity market taking place during the last decades and the market coupling pursued within the European Union reshape the problem and create the need to confirm the effectiveness and/or revise existing methods and solution techniques, and/or invent new approaches. Given that complete integration has not achieved yet, both relevant data and studies of forecasting considering integration are still rather sparse. It has thus been the aim of this chapter to contribute to filling this gap by focusing on and studying the market integration effects in day ahead electricity price forecasting. To this end, an artificial neural network has been developed and used under several, with respect to inputs, forecasting scenarios considering the Italian electricity market.
Customer and Order Prioritization With Multi-Criteria Decision Making
Authors: Aslan Emre
Published: October 2020

Customer and order prioritization is prioritizing the orders according to features of customers and orders. In make-to-order production systems, especially when demand exceeds the capacity, a need arises for prioritizing the orders. As a customer may have more than one order and as one type of order may belong to different customers, every job order must be prioritized according to both customer and order features. Prioritization values may be used for accepting and scheduling orders or selecting customers as a reflection of supplier selection. In this chapter, the production manager and customer relationship manager of a metal processing firm were interviewed for determining the criteria for prioritizing customers and orders. After determining the criteria, the managers were asked to pairwise compare the criteria for weighting with analytical hierarchy process (AHP). Then by considering scores of customers and orders for each criterion, orders were prioritized with technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS).
How Can Active Exhaust Systems Contribute to the Reduction of CO
2
Emission and Comply with Future Pass-By Noise Limits?
Authors: Krueger Jan , Wink Peter , Werner Maike
Published: October 2020

The pass-by noise limits of passenger vehicles according to ISO 362 / R51.03 [1, 2] will be further reduced by 2 dB in 2024 in Europe. Since the pass-by noise is substantially influenced by exhaust noise, the effort for the exhaust system needs to be increased substantially. This results in systems with larger mufflers or higher backpressure. However, the more stringent CO2-emission targets require ever more efficient powertrains, which calls for rather lower backpressure to optimize the engine design.

This paper describes how compact active exhaust lines can support a design for low backpressure and high acoustic attenuation at the same time. For two passenger vehicles with gasoline engines active exhaust lines are investigated in detail and the results are compared to the series production exhaust lines. Thus, in one exemplary case, the pass-by noise of a limousine could be reduced from 70 dB(A) to 68 dB(A) without any change in the vehicle design except the improved exhaust system. In a second example, the backpressure of a passenger vehicle was reduced by > 100 mbar and at the same time a lower tailpipe noise could be achieved with essentially the package space.
Impact of Manufacturing Inaccuracies on the Acoustic Performance of Sound Insulation Packages with Plate-Like Acoustic Metamaterials
Authors: Langfeldt Felix , Gleine Wolfgang
Published: October 2020

Thin plate-like metamaterials (e.g. membrane-type acoustic metamaterials or inhomogeneous plates) have a high potential for improving the sound transmission loss of sound insulation packages, especially in the challenging low-frequency regime. These types of metamaterials have been previously shown to achieve very high sound transmission loss values which can exceed the corresponding mass-law values considerably. However, like many other metamaterial realizations, their extraordinary acoustical performance relies on the periodicity of the sub-wavelength sized unit cells. In particular, for plate-like acoustic metamaterials (PAM) most theoretical and numerical investigations assume a perfect placement of equal added masses - an idealization which cannot be achieved in industrial manufacturing of these metamaterials. This contribution investigates the impact of randomized inaccuracies that can occur in manufacturing on the sound reduction behavior of PAM. First, a numerical model of a finite sized PAM is validated using sound transmission loss measurement data. Then, the simulation model is modified to incorporate randomly varying geometrical parameters of the added masses (such as mass placement, size, etc.). The parameters are randomized according to a Gaussian distribution and the impact of different standard deviations on the sound transmission loss is analyzed. The results indicate that while a random variation of the mass parameters does have an effect on the acoustic performance of the investigated PAM, it becomes significant only for relatively large standard deviations.
Coarse Mesh RIFF Method to Identify the Homogenized Flexural and Shear Complex Moduli of Composite Beams
Authors: Wassereau Thibault , Guyader Jean-Louis , Ablitzer Frédéric , Pezerat Charles
Published: October 2020

This paper aims at identifying the flexural and shear complex moduli of a sandwich beam by simply measuring the displacement field and applying an inverse resolution of the Timoshenko beam problem. A first development [1] employed the RIFF technique (from the french "Resolution Inverse Filtrée Fenêtrée") [2]. This article presents an improvement, using the RIC method ("Résolution Inverse Corrigée" in french) that involves a correction of the finite difference scheme as originally suggested in [3]. By applying this method specifically to the Timoshenko beam problem [4], one can asses the viscoelastic parameters of composite beams, based on a coarse mesh measurement of the displacement field using a simple accelerometer and an instrumented hammer. An experimental validation conducted on a sandwich honeycomb beam with fibreglass faces allows satisfactory identifications despite a low spatial resolution (down to 2.1 samples per wavelength).
Legal rights for animals: aspiration or logical necessity?
Authors: Jowitt Joshua
Published: October 2020

Whereas regulation relating to minimum standards of animal welfare is increasingly uncontroversial in contemporary popular discourse, the same cannot be said of viewing animals as legal persons possessing legally enforceable rights in and of themselves. The purpose of this article will be to explore this reticence and ask whether the continued anthropocentricity of legally enforceable rights is compatible with the very concept of law itself. The article will draw heavily on the moral writing of Alan Gewirth, engaging with his justification for why human beings themselves can make philosophically valid claims to be rightsholders. Taking Gewirthian ethical rationalism as providing a universally applicable hypothetical imperative which binds all agents to comply with its requirements, the article will move on to discuss the implications of the theory on our understanding of legal normativity. If we accept that the purpose of law is to guide action, and that legal normativity therefore operates at the level of practical rationality, the Gewirthian project necessarily limits the content of law to those norms which are compliant with the moral underpinning of all normative reasons for action. A necessary connection between law and morality can therefore be established which requires equal respect for all agents. By creating this necessary connection, it is possible to move beyond an anthropocentric conception of legal normativity to one that necessarily must instead respect the basic rights possessed by all agents – regardless of species. Legal rights for animals that are capable of acting within Gewirth's conception of agency must therefore be seen not to be a mere aspiration for a well-meaning society, but a logical necessity within any legal system.
Second wave animal ethics and (global) animal law: a view from the margins
Authors: Offor Iyan
Published: October 2020

Animal law and animal law studies both suffer from shortcomings in their underlying ethics. For the most part, (global) animal law draws from utilitarian welfarism and rights-based approaches to animals. Animal law academics have, thus far, paid little attention to more critical animal ethical studies, although these hold great potential for improving the justness and effectiveness of animal law. This article proposes delineating a ‘second wave of animal ethics’ consisting of a number of critical ethical lenses that are capable of addressing four key shortcomings in ‘first wave animal ethics’. This article draws particularly on feminist, posthumanist and earth jurisprudence studies to draw out four key lessons. First, the need to stop assuming that animals only deserve moral and legal consideration if they are like humans, and instead to accept, celebrate, reward and legally protect difference. Second, the need to stop assuming that moral and legal considerations should extend to animals and no further. Third, the need to stop over-relying on liberal concepts like rights and start engaging with (intersectionally) marginalized communities to theorize viable alternative paradigms that might work better for animals. Fourth, the need to stop assuming that animal ethics need to be the same everywhere. In making this argument, this article intends to inspire further research on ‘second wave animal ethics’ ideas amongst animal law scholars.
A Study of Monetary Integration in West Africa and Its Implications on Trade on Developing Country (Africa)
Authors: Khan Rabnawaz , Xinxin Jin
Published: October 2020

It shows the monetary investigation in west countries the big flow in economy by the gross value change effects, also the value of debt policy with debt management strategies to control the budgetary risk of long-term economy from sustainability. The intellectual policies of inflation, GDP, trade, and services and merchandise trade has affected on the West African country’s monetary policies. The implication of trade by a lag of exchange rate indicators has a positive and significant effect. The estimated results reflect the dynamic implication of trade with liquidity and proper monitoring policies. The GDP, gross value (GVA), debt policies, equity of public administration, trade in service and merchandise trade is positive and significant, all are significant. We suggest the optimum control of liquidity with trade service policy recommendations in different countries. The research method was based on 5 countries from the 16 countries of western African and elaborated by their individual indicators with the least square method. The gross value of debts and public administration controlled the development aim of an entire state with strategic and planned environment for state and reduce the level of inflation in small and enterprise section and the results analyzed the policy makers implement planned in implication of trade with domestic currency and long run endogeneity. The results analyzed the monetary policies affecting the level of growth of an individual country.
The attribution features of the items from the private collection of Japanese miniature sculpture on the example of the exhibition “Netsuke. The private collection” in Primorye State Art Gallery
Authors: Poludneva E.I.
Published: October 2020

The features of attribution work with the items from the private collection for the exhibition of the old Japanese sculpture “Netsuke. The private collection” in Primorye State Art Gallery have been considered in the paper. The items from private collections usually are excluded from a scientific circulation but they often are of a great scientific interest for art historians and museum researchers. The author aims to include into a scientific circulation several items of miniature sculpture netsuke which would be of an art history interest and which have never been exhibited before. The process of the items attribution, plot and stylistic features specification has been described on a basis of the expert opinion, comparative analysis with the items from the sufficient museum collections. The author comes to a conclusion that the plots and iconography of some items are rather rare and their description would make a contribution to the Japanese miniature sculpture research.

В статье рассматриваются особенности атрибуционной работы с предметами из частной коллекции для выставки старинной японской миниатюрной скульптуры «Нэцкэ. Частная коллекция» в Приморской государственной картинной галерее. Произведения из частных коллекций, как правило, исключены из научного оборота, однако часто представляют большой научный интерес для искусствоведов и музейных работников. Автор ставит своей целью ввести в научный оборот несколько произведений миниатюрной скульптуры нэцкэ, представляющих искусствоведческий интерес и ранее никогда не экспонировавшихся. Описывается процесс атрибуции произведений, определения сюжета, стилистики на основе экспертного мнения, сравнительного анализа с предметами из крупных музейных коллекций. Автор приходит к выводу, что сюжеты и иконография некоторых предметов весьма редки, и их описание внесет определенный вклад в изучение японской миниатюрной скульптуры.
Modern interactive technologies in the cultural and educational activities of the art museum (in case of the Primorye State Art Gallery)
Authors: Blazhenkova Y.P.
Published: October 2020

The article analyzes the experience of introducing interactive technologies in the practice of scientific and educational work of an art museum. The article considers the prerequisites for using such practices, pros and cons, relevance and prospects for their development in the Primorye State Art Gallery in 2014–2020. On the basis of a number of exhibition projects held in the gallery, the effectiveness of such forms of interaction with the audience is shown as the following: thematic video presentation, expansion of information carriers using QR codes, virtual reality cinema, elements of augmented reality, or AR, quests within the edutainment direction. The article also briefly presents the communication of employees of the Primorye State Art Gallery with the audience in social networks.

В статье анализируется опыт внедрения интерактивных технологий в научно-просветительскую работу художественного музея. Рассматриваются предпосылки возникновения таких практик, плюсы и минусы, актуальность и перспективы развития в Приморской государственной картинной галерее в 2014–2020 годы. На примере ряда выставочных проектов, состоявшихся в галерее, показана эффективность таких форм взаимодействия со зрителями, как тематическая видеопрезентация, расширение информационных носителей с помощью QR-кодов, кинотеатр виртуальной реальности, элементы дополненной реальности, или AR, квесты в рамках направления «эдьютейнмент» — игрового и развлекательного обучения. Кратко представлена коммуникация сотрудников музея с аудиторией в социальных сетях.
Schooling Process: Is Schooling Experience and Its Outcome the Same for Girls and Boys?
Authors: Ibrahim Abdul Wahab , Saleh Bashir Ahmad
Published: October 2020

The study examined if schooling experience and teacher’s classroom interaction is the same for senior secondary school adolescent girls and boys in Jigawa state, Nigeria. It also determined whether influence of students’ perceived level of personalisation of the teacher’s classroom behaviour and environment exist on their participation in the classroom learning activities. These were with a view to improving the teacher-student’s relationships and teacher’s classroom effectiveness. The study adopted a survey design. The population consisted of all male and female students in public Senior Secondary Schools in Jigawa state. The sample consisted of 370 Senior Secondary Classes Three (SS III) students. Of this number, 185 were boys and 185 were girls selected through stratified sampling procedure using sex as stratum. Their average age was 15.17 years. A self-developed instrument was used to collect relevant data in the study. Data collected were analysed using Independent t-test statistical method. The results showed that teachers do not significantly interact with girls and boys in the same manner in the classroom. However, there existed a significant influence of students’ perceived level of personalisation of the teacher’s classroom behaviour on their participation in the classroom learning activities. Also, there was a significant influence of students’ perceived level of personalisation of the classroom environment on their participation in the classroom learning activities. It was concluded that schooling experience is not the same for girls and boys respectively. Thus, appropriate interventionist strategies should be put in place to assist realising the objective of equal educational opportunity.
Estudio de los niveles de tolerancia de los clientes ingleses en el servicio de Bares en el destino Jardines del Rey
Authors: Pérez Martínez Armenio , Martínez C´órdova Leonardo
Published: October 2020

La presente investigación tiene el objetivo de determinar los niveles de tolerancia de los clientes ingleses en el servicio de bar en hoteles de Sol y Playa. Para el desarrollo de la investigación, se diseñó un procedimiento con 15 pasos agrupados en tres fases. Se utilizaron como técnicas de investigación: el análisis de documentos oficiales, la observación científica al desempeño de los trabajadores durante el servicio y al comportamiento de los clientes ante este servicio, encuestas a Directivos de la instalación y trabajadores del bar y la entrevista a los clientes ingleses que asisten al bar durante el mes de febrero de 2017. Las conclusiones arrojan que el nivel de tolerancia de los clientes ingleses en el servicio de Bar es de 3 a 5 minutos.
Ecosistema emprendedor y segmentación de emprendedores del sector hotelero
Authors: Mónica Jackeline Leoro Llerena , Farfán González Olmedo
Published: October 2020

Conociendo que el emprendimiento es un factor clave en el desarrollo económico de los países y considerando que en Ecuador la mayoría de los emprendimientos que existen se han generado por necesidad y muchos carecen de un valor agregado que los distinga y asegure su permanencia en el tiempo; esta investigación tiene como objetivo determinar los factores que condicionan el ecosistema emprendedor y la segmentación de emprendedores en el sector hotelero de Guayaquil, fundamentado en el marco teórico de la teoría institucional. El estudio es un diseño no-experimental transeccional correlacional, donde se desea determinar cuáles de los factores institucionales condicionan ese ecosistema y sobre esa perspectiva distinguir la estratificación de los emprendedores. Para el análisis se emplean métodos empíricos de investigación como el diseño transeccional correlacional, la encuesta, indicadores de percepción ponderados y el método de análisis de componentes principales.
La ética en la gestión crediticia: crisis hipotecaria en España
Authors: Campoverde Vélez Félix
Published: October 2020

La crisis financiera y escándalos mediáticos han desencadenado una demanda social de rearme ético en España, ya que la crisis financiera no solo ha conseguido destruir una inmensa cantidad de riqueza, sino que además ha influido profundamente en la percepción de la sociedad sobre el sistema financiero, siendo necesaria la revisión de teorías de la ética empresarial, que sirve de empírica para explorar los paradigmas de investigación contemporánea y sus tendencias. De hecho, la crisis ha tenido efectos sobre la ética, que pueden ser analizados desde una triple dimensión: a nivel personal, organizacional y social. El objetivo central de este artículo es cuestionar los criterios del concepto ético frente a la economía, (utilidad vs beneficios), ética y la ley-normativas-códigos de ética (cumplimiento), y analizar las propuestas sobre gobierno corporativo (modelo de gestión), stakeholders (grupos de interés), responsabilidad social y reputación (imagen) elementos que son necesarios para el crecimiento sustentable y el beneficio mutuo, ya que la integridad constituye la base para una sociedad justa.
Imagen Cooperativa: Desarrollo de Marcas sectoriales en Ecuador dentro de la cátedra de Diseño de Marca en ESPOL
Authors: Romero Monar Jefferson Javier , Del Pino Espinoza Ariana Daniela
Published: October 2020

Durante el proceso de la cátedra de Diseño de Marca / Imagen corporativa, se implementó un proyecto de servicio comunitario, que pretende usar al diseño para el desarrollo social productivo y para el crecimiento de la economía de sectores urbano marginales, potencializando la agrupación de empresas micro y medianas que se reflejan en asociaciones y cámaras creadas hace pocos años, necesitadas una marca, manejo y branding representativa de su sector. Quienes no cuentan, ni conocen sobre un adecuado manejo gráfico, audiovisual y digital, debido al desconocimiento del valor agregado que aporta. Estás cámaras o agrupaciones trabajan en oficios que han sido aprendidos o transmitidos de forma práctica, realizando sus productos o servicios de forma artesanal, empírica y ancestral en sectores productivos tales como: textil, electrónica, alimentos, artesanías, limpieza, construcción, metalmecánica, calzado, entre otros. Este proceso permitió poner en descubierto la aplicación de una investigación de estudio de casos, focalizado a marcas sectoriales.
La importancia de la motivación personal en estudiantes universitarios y su inclusión como asignatura en su formación personal y profesional
Authors: Espinosa Galarza Miguel Orlando , Benítez Luzuriaga Francisco Vladimir , Arias Montero Jorge Eduardo
Published: October 2020

El presente trabajo de investigación se ha realizado utilizando apoyo de investigación con datos secundarios y primarios además de revisión bibliográfica de escritos científicos. Se ha podido comprobar y demostrar el interés y necesidad que existen de parte de los estudiantes en que se complemente su formación profesional con asignaturas que alberguen temas de Motivación Personal y Liderazgo dentro de su malla curricular. Para la confirmación de los datos anteriormente enunciados se tomó una muestra la cual esta detallada en la metodología, la cual arrojo datos concluyentes sobre el resultado de la investigación, los mismos que permitirán presentar un proyecto o programa que recomiende la inclusión de estos temas como complemento del aprendizaje de los estudiantes universitarios de la Universidad Técnica de Machala y a su vez sea esta, un ejemplo a seguir en otras instituciones para que se incluya este estudio que permitan brindar personas completas a la sociedad.
El desarrollo de la comunicación científica de los estudiantes de la Universidad Tecnológica ECOTEC mediante los avances tecnológicos
Authors: González Rodríguez Nadia Aurora
Published: October 2020

La comunicación científica es de vital importancia para el desarrollo intelectual de los futuros profesionales. Los diversos adelantos tecnológicos han facilitado el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje, dejando atrás las tendencias antiguas asociadas con la educación superior dando paso a una manera diferente de aprender e investigar. Este artículo tiene como objetivo analizar el desarrollo de la comunicación científica de los estudiantes de la Universidad Tecnológica ECOTEC mediante los avances tecnológicos. Para cumplir con este propósito se puso en práctica la utilización del portafolio de un curso como uno de los recursos tecnológicos asequibles a los estudiantes, lo cual propició un mejor aprovechamiento de las fuentes de información para la adecuada producción científica. En tal sentido, se tuvo en consideración tanto métodos teóricos como empíricos en la consulta de información y en la puesta en práctica del recurso tecnológico seleccionado para el desarrollo de la comunicación científica.
Queratitis micótica, a propósito de un caso
Authors: Camacho Jiménez Luis , Chico Suárez María , Ceballos Ignacio , Vallejo García María
Published: October 2020

La córnea es un tejido transparente, avascular que está ubicado en la región anterior del globo ocular cuya función principal es la de formar parte del sistema dióptrico del ojo. Las patologías de la córnea son muy frecuentes principalmente por su ubicación. La úlcera corneal es una de las que más se presentan, la ulcera se produce por perdida de las capas superficiales de la córnea que le sirven de protección contra agentes externos. Al perder esa protección por diferentes causas, la córnea se expone a invasión de gérmenes, que producirán infecciones, que pueden ser de etiología viral, bacteriana, parasitaria o micótica, provocando lesiones oculares irreversibles. Objetivo: Demostrar la existencia de un caso confirmado de queratitis y úlcera corneal micótica. Caso Clínico: Se describe el caso de un paciente varón, militar ecuatoriano, con antecedentes de trauma directo en ojo izquierdo, que acude a médico cinco días luego al evento, quien posterior a valoración y estudio anatomopatológico determina afección de origen micótico (Fusarium Sp.). Recibe tratamiento, revirtiendo su infección, pero debido a las secuelas no logra recuperar la visión, necesitando un trasplante corneal a posterior. Conclusión: La evolución clínica luego de una lesión corneal condiciona irreversiblemente la visión, con alto riesgo de ceguera y pérdida del globo ocular sin intervención médica precoz.
Adult congenital cardiac life-long needs evaluation in a low-middle income country, Pakistan
Authors: Laila Akbar Ladak  , Disty Pearson  , Kathy Jenkins  , Muneer Amanullah  , Waris Ahmad  , Kaitlin Doherty Schmeck  , Amy Verstappen  , Babar Sultan Hasan
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Objective: Adult congenital heart diseases (ACHD) have distinct health care needs that require life-long care. Limited data is available from low-middle income countries (LMIC). This descriptive study conducted in Pakistan aimed to assess patients and health care professionals understanding of the needs for ACHD care and the perceived barriers to care.

Methods: A telephone survey was conducted of ACHD patients. An e-mail survey was sent to the pediatric and adult cardiologists of five institutions (3 public and 2 private) that provide ACHD services in Pakistan. Descriptive statistics (frequencies, mean ± SD, median) were used for data analysis.

Results: A total of 128 ACHD patients were surveyed, 65 (51%) were females with a mean age of 29.4±10.4 years. Atrial septal defect repair was the most common surgical procedure. Mean age at surgery was 25.6±10.49 years, and a surgical follow-up period of 3.8±2.3 years.

Majority (n=3, 60%) of the health care professionals (HCPs) responded that 75-100% of the ACHD surgical patients would need lifelong care, yet 10-25% return to their cardiology clinics.

Most of the surveyed ACHD patients (89%, n=114) demonstrated a lack of understanding of life-long care after surgery due to not being communicated by their HCPs. Cost and travelling issues were the barriers highlighted by HCPs. Both ACHD patients (96%, n=122) and HCP (100%, n=5) underscored their interest in life-long care.

Continuous......