bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ANALISIS USAHATANI DAN PROFITABILITAS TANAMAN KOPI DI KECAMATAN GANGGA, KABUPATEN LOMBOK UTARA, NUSA TENGGARA BARAT
Authors: Geti Gregorius Indra Umbu , Ambarsari Arum , Ferhat Amallia
Published: January 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk : 1) Mengetahui pendapatan usahatani kopi di Kecamaatan Gangga; 2) Mengetahui kelayakan usahatani kopi di Kecamatan Gangga; 3) Mengetahui tingkat profitabilitas usahatani di Kecamatan Gangga. Metode analisis yang digunakan dalam melakukan penelitian ini adalah metode deskriptif. Penentuan lokasi dilakukan dengan cara purposive sampling dengan metode penentuan sampel snowball sampling sebanyak 30 responden petani kopi. Analisis yang digunakan untuk menjawab tujuan yaitu dengan menggunakan rumus pendapatan total penerimaan dikurangi total biaya, analisis R/C ratio dan analisis profitabilitas untuk mengetahui tingkat keuntungan yang didapat usahatani kopi di Kecamatan Gangga. Dari hasil penelitian diketahui bahwa usahatani kopi di Kecamatan Gangga rata-rata pendapatan yang diperoleh sebesar Rp.12.581.046 per tahunnya dan analisis R/C ratio yang didapat sebesar 3,9 yang membuktikan bahwa usahatani kopi layak untuk dijalankan. Untuk tingkat profitablitas yang diperoleh usahatani kopi sebesar 295% hal ini membuktikan bahwa profitabilitas yang ada didapat usahatani di Kecamatan Gangga, Kabupaten Lombok Utara, Nusa Tenggara Barat dua kali lipat dari pada biaya produksi yang dikeluarkan.

Kata kunci : Usahatani, Pendapatan, Profitabilitas, Kopi
RESPON PERTUMBUHAN PUERARIA JAVANICA TERHADAP DOSIS RHIZOBIUM SP. PADA BEBERAPA JENIS TANAH YANG BERBEDA
Authors: Selfandi Ari , Firmansyah Ryan , Hastuti Pauliz Budi
Published: January 2022

This study aims to determine the growth response of Pueraria javanica to Rhizobium sp. doses on different soil types. This research was conducted in the local community garden located in Maguwoharjo Depok District, Sleman Regency, D. I. Yogyakarta at an altitude of 118 Meters Above sea level. The research method used is factorial with a complete randomized design (RAL). The first factor is the dose of Rhizobium sp. sp. consists of 4 levels, namely 0 g (control), 5 g, 10 g, and 15 g.  The second factor is the type of soil consisting of 3 levels, namely regosol, latosol, and grumosol. The results showed interaction between the dose of Rhizobium sp. with different types of soil against the best plant height in the soil type grumusol with various doses of Rhizobium sp. and the best dry root weight in the soil type grumusol with a dose of Rhizobium sp. 10 g. Rhizobium sp. dose gives the same effect on the growth of Pueararia javanica in number of leaves, fresh weight of header, dry weight of header and number of root, except at fresh root weight.

Kata kunci       : Pueraria javanica, Rhizobium sp., regosol, latosol, grumusol
PENGARUH MEDIA TANAM DAN LIMBAH TAHU TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN KELAPA SAWIT Pre -Nursery
Authors: Titiaryanti Ni Made , Hastuti Pauliz Budi , Nugroho Riki Afif
Published: January 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui respon pertumbuhan bibit kelapa sawit di pre nursery terhadap pemberian media tanam (tanah pasiran, tanah lempungan, tanah pasiran + lempungan) dan limbah tahu sebagai bahan organik. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di lahan pertanian milik masyarakat di Jalan Karangsari, Werdomartani, Depok, Sleman, Yogyakarta pada bulan Maret sampai Juni 2020. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode percobaan pola faktorial yang disusun dalam Rancangan Ancak Lengkap (RAL) terdiri dari dua faktor. Faktor pertama adalah media tanam terdiri dari 3 macam yaitu : Pasiran, Lempungan, Pasiran + Lempungan. Sedangkan faktor kedua adalah Limbah Tahu terdiri dari 3 macam yaitu: Limbah Tahu padat, Limbah Tahu, NPK + Urea kontrol. Data hasil penelitian dianalisis dengan menggunakan sidik ragam (Anova) pada jenjang nyata 5%. Apabila terdapat berpengaruh nyata, dilanjutkan dengan uji DMRT pada jenjang nyata 5%. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa tidak terjadi kombinasi antara media tanam dan limbah tahu terhadap pertumbuhan bibit kelapa sawit di pre nursery. Media tanam memberikan pengaruh terhadap pertumbuhan bibit kelapa sawit dengan media tanam pasiran+lempungan menghasilkan bibit yang terbaik. Limbah tahu tidak berpengaruh terhadap pertumbuhan bibit kelapa sawit.

Kata kunci : Kelapa sawit, Pre Nursery, media tanam, limbah tahu
APLIKASI JAMUR MIKORIZA ARBUSKULAR DAN PUPUK ANORGANIK PENGARUHNYA PADA PERTUMBUHAN DAN HASIL JAGUNG MANIS
Authors: Hastuti Pauliz Budi , Andayani Neny , Sidiq Muhammad Shabri
Published: January 2022

This study aims to determine the effect of the dose of arbuscular mycorrhiza fungi (AM) and the administration of inorganic fertilizers on the growth and yield of sweet corn. This research was conducted in Kota Bangun Village, Tapung Hilir, Kampar, Riau in June to August 2020.

The experimental design used was a completely randomized design consisting of two factors and four replications. The first factor was the dose of AM fungi consisting of 4 levels, namely 0 g / plant, 10 g / plant, 15 g / plant, 20 g / plant. The second factor was the administration of inorganic fertilizer consisting of 4 levels, namely (6 g NPK + 4 g urea)/plant, (4.5 g NPK + 3 urea)/plant, (3 g NPK + 2 g urea)/plant, (1.5 g NPK + 1 g urea)/plant. The observations were analyzed using Analysis Of Variance (ANOVA) at a  level of 5%, a significantly different among treatment in further tests with Duncan's Multiple Range Test (DMRT) at a level of 5%.

The results showed that there was no good combination the dose of AM fungi  and inorganic fertilizers on the growth and yield of sweet corn crops. The dose of AM fungi 10 g / plant gives a better influence on diameter of stem and the percentage of AM infection, inorganic fertilizer administration dose (6 g NPK + 4 g urea) produces the best cob weight.

 Keywords: Sweet Corn, Mycorrhiza Arbuscular, Inorganic Fertilizer
EFEKTIFITAS ORYNET TRAP TERHADAP HASIL TANGKAPAN KUMBANG TANDUK PADA TANAMAN KELAPA SAWIT BELUM MENGHASILKAN
Authors: Santi Idum Satia , Kristalisasi Elizabeth Nanik , Singh Kelvin Rajh
Published: January 2022

Oryctes rhinoceros (Coleoptera: Scarabidae) atau dikenal sebagai kumbang tanduk merupakan hama yang cukup penting di perkebunan kelapa sawit, terutama bila menyerang tanaman belum menghasilkan. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengkaji keefektifan orynet trap terhadap hasil tangkapan kumbang tanduk, serta pengaruhnya terhadap intensitas kerusakan. Penelitian dilaksanakan dengan membandingkan perangkap feromon + jaring (Orynet trap) dengan feromon+insektisida polidor. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan jumlah O. rhinoceros yang tertangkap pada perlakuan feromon+perangkap jaring (orynet trap) lebih banyak daripada feromon+insektisida polidor. Tidak terjadi penambahan intensitas kerusakan tanaman setelah perlakuan feromon+jaring (Orynet trap), sebaliknya intensitas kerusakan tanaman meningkat sebesar 11,9 – 18,8% pada perlakuan feromon+insektisida polydor. Diharapkan, penelitian ini akan bermanfaat sebagai salah satu alternatif untuk pengendalian O. rhinoceros di perkebunan kelapa sawit.

Kata kunci : Kelapa Sawit, O. rhinoceros, Orynet Trap
PENGEMBANGAN SISTEM INFORMASI MANAJEMEN PENGELOLAAN KEARSIPAN DI LEMBAGA JAMINAN SOSIAL
Authors: Coenraad Dhea Perdana , Heryanto Imam , Nurdiansyah Haris , Rusjiana Jimmy
Published: January 2022

This study aims to see to what extent the effectiveness of an information system that has just been implemented in a social security institution where this system is a replacement for the previous system which is considered less effective in managing archives. Based on the results of research and testing, it was found that this new system has a better effectiveness value and a far more optimal level of accuracy in archiving management.
EXPLORING INTERPERSONAL COMMUNICATION ON AFFECTIVE COMMITMENT: CROSS SECTIONAL STUDY ON TEACHER PERSPECTIVE
Authors: Asharie Asmawati
Published: January 2022

This study intends to determine the effect of internal communication aspects on affective commitment. To determine the influence of the interpersonal communication aspect, the researcher used a survey of private high school teachers in Palembang City, South Sumatra. The number of respondents was as many as 137 teachers. To examine the effect of interpersonal communication aspects on affective commitment, researchers used multiple regression analysis techniques. The results showed that all aspects of interpersonal communication had a significant effect on teachers' affective commitment. In addition, the study results indicate that excellent openness, empathy, supportiveness, positiveness, and equality will impact teachers' affective commitment.
How Taiwan Succeeded in Containing Its 2021 COVID-19 Outbreak
Authors: Wu Catherine , Wu Edward , Wu Charles , Wu Kun Chan
Published: January 2022

The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), or coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19), emerged in December 2019 and has since then progressed into a global pandemic (Lai et al., 2020). However, the Taiwan model helped Taiwan contain the COVID-19 epidemic successfully for more than one year (Wu, 2020). Unexpectedly, sporadic cases began to emerge late April 2021, causing a large-scale COVID-19 outbreak in Taiwan (Kao, Shuhua, et al., 2021).

With the help of technology and reinforced border control, level 3 alert, accessible healthcare system, contact tracing, and quarantines, Taiwan’s Central Epidemic Command Center contained the outbreak successfully within two months with the cooperation of the citizens. After the swift containment of the COVID-19 outbreak in Taiwan, there were significantly fewer locally transmitted COVID-19 cases, and the government and medical care units had become less weary. These measures to contain the outbreak helped Taiwan substantially by buying time to deploy against COVID-19, which is still a worldwide pandemic. Through analyzing Taiwan’s actions taken in containing an ongoing outbreak of COVID-19, better frameworks can be designed for other countries to decelerate the spread of COVID-19 or future emerging respiratory infectious diseases.
Geografías de la pandemia COVID-19 en España
Authors: Del Romero Renau Luis , Arroyo Bovea Marina
Published: January 2022

La pandemia de la COVID-19 ha supuesto en España la peor crisis de salud pública, económica y social desde la Guerra Civil. El virus ha causado miles de muertos y cientos de miles de infectados, con Cataluña y Madrid como territorios más afectados. Un primer análisis exploratorio muestra, con los pocos datos hasta ahora disponibles y fiables, que esta pandemia ha tenido una especial incidencia en los territorios urbanos con mayor densidad de población y niveles más elevados de contaminación, mientras que las áreas rurales, a pesar de tener mucha más población de riesgo y un sistema sanitario mucho más precario, han mostrado ser mucho más resilientes a la expansión del coronavirus. Todo ello abre la puerta a revalorizar la importancia del medio rural como categoría analítica y como espacio de oportunidades y de vida ante pandemias presentes y futuras y no solo de problemas y crisis.
General vs. Specific-referent Instruments to Measure Training Transfer in a Transportation Organization in Canada
Authors: González Ortiz de Zárate Aitana , McLean Gary N.
Published: January 2022

In this study, we analyzed transfer, as measured by different instruments, and its relation to some of the factors that have been related to transfer in a Canadian transportation organization. Transfer was measured cross-sectionally through the application of three scales to short-distance truck drivers. Transfer was perceived as higher when a general rather than a specific transfer instrument was applied, implying that the choice of instrument could influence the results. This highlights the relevance of instrument selection in the design of studies. Additionally, while correlations between satisfaction with the training, content relevance and motivation to transfer and transfer differed with different instruments, the correlation between accountability and transfer did not. Contrary to the trend of using a single measure of transfer, this study provides empirical evidence of the transfer construct as measured through different instruments. This evidence can be useful in research methods on training transfer to understand better the construct and its operationalization. Implications for theory and practice are discussed.
La implicación de la familia en la comunidad escolar: gestación de una herramienta para la medición de percepciones cualitativas
Authors: Burriel Francesca
Published: January 2022

La comunidad escolar se ha definido tradicionalmente como el conjunto de personas que interaccionan en un mismo ecosistema educativo, usualmente una escuela, en el que se desarrolla una acción intencionada, global y contextualizada hacia la enseñanza y el aprendizaje de los significados, los procesos y los valores de una sociedad (Mateos y Peñalba, 2003). Desde una perspectiva jurídica, la participación de todos los implicados constituye un derecho y una responsabilidad ciudadana irrenunciable, vinculada a derechos fundamentales como la educación, la dignidad humana, la seguridad jurídica o la protección a la infancia (UNESCO, 2014). En este artículo se presenta una herramienta conceptual para la triangulación de opiniones que permite utilizar la suma de visiones muy diversas y cuantificar elementos mínimos de información, transformando las opiniones cualitativas (qualia) en unidades binarias (quantum) que se pueden cuantificar, comparar y gestionar informáticamente. A partir del método de investigación-acción los resultados de las investigaciones realizadas han permitido dar voz al alumnado, al profesorado, a las familias, a los directivos y al personal de la administración del centro, en un ejercicio de autoevaluación y transparencia en la rendición de cuentas. En un ecosistema territorial más amplio también se podría incorporar en el análisis las voces de otros agentes educativos del territorio.
Una mirada interseccional a las prácticas de salud en Aysén. Procesos de racialización en Chile
Authors: Valderrama Caterine Galaz , Cea Pastor , Molina Daniela , Castro Daniela , Ortega María José
Published: January 2022

Chile ha diversificado su población migrante a partir de la llegada de personas de América Latina y, a pesar de no ser estadísticamente significativo, esto ha generado una proliferación de imaginarios sociales negativos, afianzados institucionalmente a través de enfoques restrictivos hacia colectivos extranjeros. El racismo institucional se plasma en políticas, discursos y prácticas, ubicando en posiciones de desigualdades a algunos grupos migrantes. A través de una investigación cualitativa llevada a cabo en la XI región de Aysén (Chile), y por medio de un análisis interseccional, presentamos las maneras en que se articulan desigualdades como la procedencia nacional, la clase y el género, en la atención en salud pública. Los resultados muestran la existencia de prácticas racistas institucionales e imaginarios de “otredad” que les subyacen; las formas en que opera un racismo institucional a partir de discriminaciones explícitas; y las agencias y resistencias llevadas a cabo por personas racializadas.
Racismo y prejuicios encubiertos: Las luchas antirracistas de mujeres mapuche en Chile
Authors: Rain Alicia Del Pilar
Published: January 2022

La expresión de los prejuicios, en los últimos años, es más encubierta que manifiesta. Dicha expresión encubierta busca mantener las exclusiones sociales por razones de raza, clase y género. Algunas de las razones que las justifican responden a los contextos democráticos y a las sucesivas demandas por los derechos de los pueblos originarios en América Latina. En este contexto, el objetivo que nos propusimos en este artículo fue analizar comprensivamente las experiencias de prejuicios manifiestos y sutiles de mujeres mapuche en Chile, a través de las cuales dichas mujeres crean luchas antiracistas, anticlasistas y antipatriarcales. Por medio de una etnografía multisituada, con entrevistas en profundidad, damos cuenta de las experiencias de 20 mujeres de las regiones Metropolitana, Biobío, La Araucanía y Los Ríos. Los resultados nos muestran que el racismo manifiesto, y los prejuicios encubiertos, coexisten y varían de acuerdo a las condiciones sociales de las mujeres.
A produção do conhecimento em psicologia a partir das experiências de mulheres negras diaspóricas. Aspectos teórico-metodológicos
Authors: Martins Cunha Vivane , Rodrigues Francisco Camila , Espíndula Moreira Lisandra
Published: January 2022

Partindo das experiências de mulheres negras diaspóricas, problematizamos aspectos teórico-metodológicos da produção do conhecimento científico na psicologia, com o intuito de enfrentar o racismo genderizado e o epistemicídio. Tomamos como base analítica os desafios vivenciados em duas pesquisas nas quais as experiências de mulheres negras diaspóricas foram centrais para a compreensão das dinâmicas de opressão. Insurgimos contra modelos teórico-metodológicos pautados em uma racionalidade científica produtora de uma humanidade universalizante de matriz eurocêntrica, que se sustenta em noções colonizadas, excludentes e genocidas de produção de conhecimento. Compartilhamos, a partir do diálogo e da articulação de vozes negras e decoloniais, outros caminhos possíveis para a práxis científica psi em que corpos, vozes e escritas marginalizadas atuam como faróis a conduzir quizumbas e caos fomentadores de criticidade, criatividade e novas insurgências teórico-metodológicos, visando transformar a ciência de modo a destruir seus muros e construir novas pontes.
O efeito da cor de pele na construção da identidade racial em crianças
Authors: Silva Jefferson Andrade , Costa Rita de Cássia da Silva , Lima-Nunes Aline , França Dalila Xavier de
Published: January 2022

A presente pesquisa teve como objetivo explorar os processos de construção da identidade racial de crianças brasileiras. Trata-se de um estudo transversal, desenvolvido a partir da replicação de um estudo. Participaram trinta crianças, com idades entre 9 e 13 anos, sendo 33% brancos, 50% pardos e 17% negros. Foram realizadas entrevistas semiestruturadas e como material de estímulo, fotografias de crianças reais brancas, pardas e negras, de ambos os sexos, tomando como medida de análise, a autocategorização e preferência racial das crianças. Como resultado, o estudo apontou para uma tendência ao autobranqueamento, onde a criança branca foi indicada como preferida e detentora de características socialmente favoráveis, enquanto a criança negra foi preterida. O estudo demonstra que as crianças são agentes ativos na construção de suas identidades raciais e que a cor de pele destas incide efeitos significativos no processo, cujo debate precisa ser ampliado e democratizado.
Racismo epistémico en el “sertão” del nordeste brasileño: un abordaje genealógico de la salud mental
Authors: Donato Emilene Andrada
Published: January 2022

Este articulo trata del racismo epistémico en el sertão del nordeste de Brasil, entre finales del siglo XIX y principios del siglo XX. Responde a dos objetivos: 1) evidenciar ese fenómeno aplicado al territorio; 2) visibilizar personajes e influencias epistemológicas en el campo de la salud mental, estimulando más estudios. Dentro del abordaje genealógico se realizó una búsqueda bibliográfica y documental interdisciplinaria, interlocuciones con actores, análisis interseccional y poscolonial bajo la interface entre dos paradigmas del periodo: racial/mestizaje y territorio/sertão. Concluye que la racialización y subalternización encontradas se asocian al momento político de construcción de la identidad nacional, siendo relevantes las teorías psiquiátricas, como la degeneración y la eugenesia, que también influyeron en la psicología. Están demostradas colonialidades inherentes al mesianismo y al bandolerismo nómada. Se sugiere ampliar el término de científico a epistémico, revisiones de disciplinas y prácticas globales, desde el punto de vista de la descolonización epistémica y de la Reforma Psiquiátrica.
Heuser, Beatrice (2019). Brexit in History: Sovereignty or a European Union?
Authors: Bosch Navarro Nil
Published: January 2022

Beatrice Heuser (2019)Brexit in History: Sovereignty or a European Union?Hurst & Company, 206 p.ISBN 9781787381261
Presentació
Authors: De Dios Marcer Josep Maria
Published: January 2022

Presentació del volum 1/1 (2022)
Internet vs. propiedad Intelectual
Authors: Padrós Reig Carlos
Published: January 2022

La Deutsche Digitale Bibliothek almacena en su página web miniaturas de fotos de obras digitalizadas de museos e instituciones culturales, lo que supone poner a disposición del público un enorme escaparate de contenidos culturales. Las obras digitalizadas —normalmente protegidas por derechos de propiedad intelectual— pueden someterse a una licencia de uso y la cuestión es si la misma puede imponer medidas anti-framing. Si el titular de los derechos de propiedad lo desea, puede incluir en su licencia medidas que limiten dicho tipo de difusión. Pero la cuestión de fondo es si la protección de la propiedad puede constituir un límite a la funcionalidad misma de la red y al derecho de acceso a la cultura.  El TJUE sostiene una posición única en favor de los titulares de derechos, sin distinguir entre plataformas de explotación comercial y plataformas de difusión cultural.
Place branding Brazil: research agenda and advisory panel for the 21st century
Authors: Ocke Marco Antonio De Moraes , Platt Allan Augusto
Published: January 2022

Objetivo: O objetivo do artigo é apresentar uma agenda de pesquisa e painel consultivo para acadêmicos e profissionais de marketing e branding sobre a área de place branding no contexto brasileiro.Abordagem: Análise bibliográfica baseada no construto da imagem do lugar a partir de sua identidade competitiva e reputação com enfoque no conceito de nation branding e suas orientações econômica, política e crítica-cultural.Resultados: Diretrizes e implicações sobre gestão e meta tendências em place branding. O âmbito da gestão consiste em uma estrutura formal de place branding para coordenar ações e stakeholders nas etapas de tomada de decisão; programa de marca guarda-chuva que beneficie diferentes setores da economia; métricas para monitorar resultados. As meta tendências estão relacionadas a orientação para marca verde como posicionamento competitivo; place branding no contexto da transformação digital; desafios e oportunidades para o place branding pós Covid-19.Contribuição: O trabalho destaca que uma forte liderança e planejamento eficiente na administração dos lugares devam prevalecer sobre medidas políticas equivocadas que enfraquecem o valor da marca, caso contrário, o desenvolvimento socioeconômico, a imagem do lugar e sua reputação correm o risco de serem continuamente comprometidos.Relevância: Esta pesquisa chama a atenção, estimula o debate e sugere caminhos onde os princípios de place branding podem fornecer estímulos necessários para incentivar as lideranças brasileiras a cooperarem e colaborarem de forma mais consistente e eficiente no enfrentamento aos desafios do século 21.
Building brand trust by choosing the right location: when the business headquarters site influences clients' trust in a brand
Authors: Munaier Christian Gomes e Souza , Rocha Rodolfo , Portes Jerônimo Henrique
Published: January 2022

Objetivo: Investigamos a influência da localização da sede do negócio de uma empresa de serviços sobre a confiança dos clientes na marca.Método: Uma pesquisa online foi realizada com os clientes da marca Les Mills, resultando em 138 respostas válidas. Foram utilizadas técnicas estatísticas multivariadas para análise dos dados coletados.Principais resultados: A confiança dos clientes em uma marca de serviços com uma única sede regional em um país varia dependendo da região geográfica do país. Clientes no mesmo estado onde a sede regional única de uma empresa de serviços está localizada confiam mais na marca de serviços do que clientes de outros estados da mesma região geográfica. Clientes de áreas geográficas com culturas abertas mostram níveis mais altos de confiança geral na marca do que clientes de regiões geográficas com culturas fechadas.Contribuição teórica/metodológica: Contribuímos para a literatura de branding mostrando a influência da localização na confiança na marca. Quanto à teoria da escolha de localização, contribuímos adicionando a confiança na marca como mais uma consequência de tal escolha. Nossa principal contribuição metodológica é a validação da escala de confiança na marca de Delgado-Ballester (2004) no contexto dos serviços.Relevância/originalidade: Os achados relativos à escolha do local e à confiança na marca têm implicações teóricas e práticas. Por um lado, reunimos dois conceitos aparentemente não relacionados. Por outro, aplicamos tais conceitos a um contexto real de mercado.Implicações gerenciais: Ao perceber que a localização de uma sede empresarial influencia a confiança dos clientes na marca, argumentamos que a escolha do local é um processo complexo que as empresas devem gerenciar cuidadosamente.
Biosimilars – status in July 2020 in 16 countries
Authors: Kang Hye-Na , Thorpe Robin , Knezevic Ivana , Baek Daehyun , Chirachanakul Parichard , Chua Hui Ming , Dalili Dina , Foo Freddie , Gao Kai , Habahbeh Suna , Hamel Hugo , Nkansah Edwin , Savkina Maria , Semeniuk Oleh , Srivastava Shraddha , Neto João Tavares , Wadhwa Meenu , Yamaguchi Teruhide
Published: January 2022

The World Health Organization has provided specific guidance for biosimilar products to assist regulators, manufacturers and other professionals involved in the development and evaluation of these products. The development and approval of biosimilars are important for health care, as they allow the marketing of safe, efficacious and affordable biological products. Since the first biosimilars were approved in the EU in 2006, a series of biosimilars have been approved in many countries/geographical regions. This manuscript provides the figures on the status of approved biosimilars in 16 countries based on the information from regulatory experts and from publicly available data. It is clear that increasing numbers of biosimilars are now available in many countries and provide more options for treatments. It is expected that adoption of biosimilars will allow affordable health care and greater patient access to important medicinal products. It will also contribute to the overall WHO goal recognized by the World Health Assembly in 2014 by adopting a resolution on access to biotherapeutic products including biosimilars and on ensuring their quality, safety and efficacy.
Facial Pityriasis Alba, Polymorphous Light Eruption, and Vitiligo in Children: A Dermoscopic Distinction
Authors: Ankad Balachandra Suryakant , V Smitha Sankappanavara , Errichetti Enzo , Rangappa Manjula
Published: January 2022

Background: Hypopigmentary skin disorders are the most worrisome complaints from Indian and Indian subcontinent people. Pityriasis alba (PA), polymorphic light eruption (PLE), and vitiligo are clinically look-alike conditions commonly seen in children. Objectives: We attempted to characterize the dermoscopic features of PA and PLE and differentiate them from vitiligo in the facial region in skin of color. Methods: Dermoscopic evaluation was done using a handheld dermoscope at 10X magnification on facial lesions of a total of 60 patients with PA, PLE, and vitiligo. Dermoscopic features of all three conditions were compared and correlated with histological features. Results: Out of 60 patients, 30 (50%), 20 (33.33%), and 10 (16.66%) patients were diagnosed with PA, PLE, and vitiligo clinically and histologically, respectively. Dermoscopy of PA showed white structureless areas (100%), ill-defined margins (86%), faint brownish pigmentation (70%), and fine scales (70%) (P value = 0.001). Besides, 70% of PLE cases showed white structureless areas and ill-defined margins, and 10% showed faint brownish pigmentation (P value = 0.0001). Coarse scales and clustered dots were the most common findings (75%) in PLE lesions, followed by light brown background (60%), crusts (40%), and yellow clods (30%) (P value = 0.0001). Also, 40% and 35% of the PLE cases showed white and brown course scales, respectively (P value = 0.0001). Moreover, 13.33% of PA cases showed coarse white scales, and 3.33% showed a light brown background. All vitiligo cases showed a white glow appearance (100%), followed by perifollicular pigmentation, leukotrichia, and koebnerization shown by 40% of the cases (P value = 0.0001). Finally, 20% of the cases showed perilesional pigmentation and satellite lesions. Conclusions: PA lesions are dermoscopically characterized by ill-defined white areas with fine branny scales, whereas PLE shows coarse brown scales, ring scales, crusts, and yellow clods along with the above findings. Vitiligo lesions are devoid of scales with various pigment network abnormalities, perilesional and perifollicular pigmentation, and leukotrichia.
Plži přírodní rezervace Draplavý v CHKO Beskydy [Gastropods of the Draplavý Nature Reserve in the Beskydy PLA]
Authors: Coufal Radovan
Published: January 2022

The Draplavý Nature Reserve is located in the northeastern part of the Beskydy PLA, near the Staré Hamry Town. The subject of protection is a gulch eroded in mostly calcium-rich flysch bedrock by the Draplavý Brook, where the tree composition is rather natural, while in the surroundings a spruce monoculture is present. During the survey in 2020, 32 species were recorded (31 terrestrial and 1 aquatic). In total, 36 species (35 terrestrial and 1 aquatic) are known from the area. The species composition consisted predominantly of forest dwellers (27; 75%), followed by euryoecious (4; 11%), hygrophilous (4; 11%) and aquatic (1; 3%) species. The most remarkable species are Daudebardia brevipes (VU), Vitrea transsylvanica (VU), and Macrogastra tumida, although all mentioned taxa occur in very low abundances.
Do Corpo-Criança ao Corpo-Aluno: Estratégias de Controle e Possibilidades de Resistência pela Dança na Educação Infantil
Authors: Ribeiro Ferreira dos Santos Aline Cristiane , Mesomo Lira Aliandra Cristina
Published: January 2022

O artigo discute dados de investigação de mestrado, que teve entre seus objetivos problematizar a vivência da corporeidade no contexto da pré-escola, bem como considerar a dança como uma linguagem que proporcionaria uma formação humana que supera o controle dos corpos, empreendidos nos espaços educativos. O percurso teórico-metodológico contou com a realização de observações do cotidiano institucionalizado em duas turmas de pré-escola e registros em diário de campo da configuração dos espaços, das relações e das práticas. O contexto investigado revelou-se marcado por relações de poder que anulam o corpo-criança e buscam instituir o corpo-aluno, tanto pela organização espacial e pelas ações desenvolvidas, principalmente, pelas verbalizações manifestas.
MED BØNNEN SOM VÅBEN
Authors: Hartmann Ida
Published: January 2022

Denne artikel undersøger, hvordan bøn praktiseres og forandres i en sammenhæng gennemsyret af politisk konflikt og eksistentiel usikkerhed. Baseret på mere end et års feltarbejde i Istanbul viser artiklen, hvordan medlemmer af den tidligere magtfulde sunnimuslimske Hizmet-bevægelse anvendte bønner til at forstå og handle i en dramatisk konflikt med den tyrkiske regering, og hvordan den eskalerende konflikt omformulerede deres forhold til bøn. Artiklen foreslår, at i denne etnografiske sammenhæng konstituerede bønnen et „flertydigt“ religiøst engagement, der åbnede for skiftende forståelser af forholdet mellem guddommelig magt og menneskelig handlekraft. Denne flertydighed gjorde det muligt for de mennesker, som artiklen beskriver, at bevæge sig mellem forskellige måder at forstå og handle i den politiske konflikt på og dermed løbende tilpasse sig et politisk landskab under hastig forandring. Med bønnen som etnografisk prisme fremhæver artiklen således en form for islamisk engagement, der hverken er rigidt eller fragmenteret, men derimod indadtil flertydigt og udadtil i dynamisk dialog med en omskiftelig politisk virkelighed.

Søgeord: bøn, islam, Tyrkiet, politisk konflikt, menneskelig handlekraft
Farmakologik og lægemiddelomsorg
Authors: Rosenlund Lau Sofie
Published: January 2022

Mange ældre i hjemmeplejen får rigtig meget medicin heriblandt antidepressiv medicin. Med udgangspunkt i en praksis-teoretisk forskningsmetodologi undersøges sammenhæn- gen mellem lægemidler og omsorg i mødet med hjemmeplejen og sårbare ældre. I artiklen interesserer jeg mig således for en speciel form for omsorgsarbejde, lægemiddelarbejdet, udforsket gennem et etnografisk feltarbejde i en kommunal hjemmepleje. Inspireret af Mol (2008), opstiller jeg to modsatrettede logikker: Farmakologiens logik (eller farmakologik) og lægemiddelomsorgens logik. Jeg argumenterer for, at udbredelsen af medicin har ret- tet lægemiddelarbejdet mod farmakologiens generaliserende normer for god lægemiddel-håndtering og at dette er med til at forme den omsorg, der ydes for de ældre. Gennem tre empiriske eksempler viser jeg, hvordan farmakologikken flytter fokus væk fra medicinens sociale effekter, hvordan farmakologikken gør arbejdet med polyfarmaci til et instrumentelt og reduktionistisk pille-pilleri, og hvordan farmakologikken fremmer et fokus på god com- pliance, der skaber akavethed i mødet med den ældre, der udviser modstand mod medicin. Jeg afslutter artiklen med at foreslå et hypotetisk alternativ – lægemiddelomsorgens logik – og argumenterer for gevinsten ved at lade lægemiddelarbejdet styre af en mere dynamisk og fleksibel tilgang til medicin.
Alderdom, mad og omsorg
Authors: Rytter Mikkel , M. Ismail Abir , Lei Sparre Sara
Published: January 2022

Artiklen baseres på forskningsprojektet AISHA, der fokuserer på de stadigt flere plejekræ- vende ældre med minoritetsbaggrund, der på baggrund af Servicelovens §94 vælger at få deres hjemkommune til at ansætte et familiemedlem som deres ”selvudpegede hjælper”. Typisk falder valget på en ægtefælle, datter eller svigerdatter, der får til opgave at levere de omsorgsydelser, som den ældre er visiteret til. Normalt vil dette blive varetaget af uddan- nede hjemmehjælpere eller plejehjemspersonale, men nu er det altså et nært familiemedlem, der er ansat til opgaverne. Mad og måltider er et af de store konfliktfelter mellem de ældre borgere, deres selvudpegede hjælpere og den kommunale visitation. Aktørerne har ganske enkelt forskellige tilgange og forståelser af madens formål, funktion og betydninger. Ofte re- sulterer kommunale visitatorers bestræbelser på at skabe samme rammer og lige muligheder for alle ældre borgere, paradoksalt nok i at plejekrævende minoritetsældre og deres familier bliver yderligere marginaliseret i det danske samfund.
ICD-11 PTSD and CPTSD: Implications for the rehabilitation of survivors of torture seeking international protection
Authors: Hearns Aisling , Hyland Philip , Benninger-Budel Carin , Vallières Frederique
Published: January 2022

Introduction: Rates of torture are especially high among those seeking asylum, with global estimates of forced migrants having experienced torture exceeding 50%. Torture is the strongest predictor of PTSD amongst refugee populations. This study assesses the construct validity and diagnostic rate of the ICD-11 PTSD and Complex PTSD (CPTSD) within a population of torture survivors seeking asylum in Ireland. It further explores whether this population were more likely to meet the diagnostic criteria for CPTSD than PTSD, and whether any sex differences existed in probable rates of PTSD and CPTSD. Methods: A secondary data analysis of 264 treatment-seeking asylum seekers and refugees who experienced torture or ill-treatment was conducted. Rates of PTSD and CPTSD were assessed using the International Trauma Questionnaire. Findings: A Confirmatory Factor Analysis supported a a six-factor correlated model consisting of re-experiencing (Re), avoidance (Av), threat (Th), affective dysregulation (AD), negative self-concept (NSC), and disturbed relationships (DR), consistent with ICD-11 PTSD and CPTSD. High rates of PTSD (32.4%) and CPTSD (39.6%) were found, with the experience of torture significantly associated to the development of PTSD. No significant difference was found between the sexes. Discussion: This is the first study to investigate the validity of ICD 11 PTSD and CPTSD among torture survivors actively seeking international protection in Europe. Given the high rates of PTSD and CPTSD found among torture survivors, rehabilitation centres for victims of torture should consider CPTSD as part of their assessment and treatment programmes.
The need for the Principles on Effective Interviewing for Investigations and Information Gathering
Authors: Méndez Juan E.
Published: January 2022

The article presents the recently launched Principles on Effective Interviewing for Investigations and Information Gathering.
Learning from the past to face the challenges ahead: Celebrating 30 years of Torture Journal
Authors: Perez-Sales Pau
Published: January 2022

This Editorial walks us through the 30 years of the Torture Journal in commemoration of its anniversary. Moreover, it introduces the reader to this issue 2021(3).
Torture by administration of electric shocks: The case of PG
Authors: Liu Clifford , Weintraub Jennifer , Weintraub Matina
Published: January 2022

In this case study, a survivor of torture describes a history of electrical torture with a rod-like object and the subsequent neurological symptoms and keloid scars that developed afterwards. Electrical injuries can be difficult for a clinician to identify on exam as they do not often leave any physical scars on the skin. However, survivors of electrical injuries do describe a constellation of acute sensations and ensuing neurologic and musculoskeletal symptoms that can be recognized by taking a detailed history. Familiarity with the mechanism of these injuries and their common acute and subacute symptoms can assist a forensic examiner in evaluating consistency in these cases.
Dr June Caridad Pagaduan-Lopez
Authors: Corazon A. Parong Aurora
Published: January 2022

Obituary to Dr June Caridad Pagaduan-Lopez by Aurora Parong
Is blended learning the way forward? Students’ perceptions and attitudes at a South African university
Authors:   Discipline of Audiology, School of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa, Khan N B , Erasmus T , Jali N , Mthiyane P , Ronne S
Published: January 2022

Background. The COVID-19 pandemic has forced higher education institutions to rethink delivery of education. Blended learning (BL), particularly online/eLearning, has become the life support for continued education. BL is a pedagogical approach that combines online asynchronous and/or synchronous and face-to-face (F2F) interaction between lecturers and students, enabling learning to occur independently of time or place. Perceptions and attitudes of students towards BL are important predictors of success. Objective. To determine the attitudes and perceptions of audiology and speech-language pathology students towards BL at the University of KwaZulu- Natal (UKZN), Durban, South Africa. Methods. A descriptive survey design with quantitative methods of analysis was used. Eighty-six participants completed an online questionnaire through Google forms. The tool demonstrated good internal consistency, with a Cronbach α score of 0.82. Results. Most participants agreed that combining traditional and eLearning – BL – improves learning skills and enables more student involvement in learning. Comparisons between attitudes and year of study yielded a statistically significant association, with senior students having a more positive attitude towards BL than second-year students (p=0.003). Attitudes between male and female participants were generally similar; however, females felt that BL helped them to understand lecture material better and to increase interaction (statistically significant; p=0.021). While 93% perceived the online platform, Moodle, which is used by UKZN, as being useful, only 51% indicated that it improved efficiency of learning to a great extent. Conclusion. Despite the challenges around connectivity, computer illiteracy, system and technical problems, students concluded that BL enhanced the learning experience and fostered a student-centred approach to teaching and learning.
Biomedical Ethics and Regulatory Capacity Building Partnership for Portuguese-Speaking African Countries (BERC-Luso): A pioneering project
Authors:   University of the Azores, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, Ponta Delgada, Portugal, Patrão Neves M , Batista J P B
Published: January 2022

Biomedical research has a strong impact on a country’s scientific-technological and socioeconomic development. It can make a significant contribution at three different levels: promotion of public health; the exchange of knowledge within the scientific community; and economic/ financial profitability. Africa only attracts ~3.3% of the world’s clinical research. This small proportion is due to, among several factors, the absence of two fundamental aspects: specific robust legislation and capacity for regulatory and ethical evaluation. There are five Portuguese- speaking African countries – Angola, Cabo Verde, Guinea-Bissau, Mozambique and São Tomé and Príncipe. Despite presenting different degrees of clinical research development, these countries show a common serious insufficiency in the minimum conditions necessary for hosting, collaborating or leading biomedical research projects. These countries are also excluded from the support of international organisations for capacity building because of the language barrier. The Biomedical Ethics and Regulatory Capacity Building Partnership for Portuguese-Speaking African Countries (BERC-Luso) project has developed methods to build capacity and partnership through research on national law, comparisons with international standards and by issuing recommendations at a national level. Through collaborative intensive training, trainees are taught to become educators at a national level. This, in turn, creates a sustainable impact at country level. BERC-Luso is a pioneering project, owing to a combination of innovative features. The partnership project: (i) was developed exclusively in Portuguese; (ii) involves a large number of African countries, and national and international institutions; (iii) has been further enhanced by the diversity and complementarity of its action plans; and (iv) has also benefited from a broad participatory methodology based on resolution of recipients’ problems by the recipients themselves. It thus stands out as a model for similar future projects.
The omicron hodge-podge: Travel bans, vaccine mandates, children and vaccine equity
Authors:   SAJBL, Dhai A
Published: January 2022

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Guideline recommendations for antimicrobial stewardship education for clinical nursing practice in hospitals: A scoping review
Authors:   College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa, Rout J , Essack S , Brysiewicz P
Published: January 2022

Background. Antimicrobial stewardship (AMS) is a proactive healthcare intervention to improve patient outcomes by optimising antimicrobial use. Although nursing involvement is a recognised necessity, bedside nurses may not yet possess competencies to fulfil this role. Objectives. To identify recommendations for AMS education for the bedside nurse in key global AMS guidelines. Methods. Scoping review methodology was used to systematically search published and ‘grey’ literature in PubMed, EBSCOhost, Google Scholar, government websites and websites of professional societies and organisations. Search dates were from 1990 to 2020. Inclusion criteria were English language AMS guidelines for hospitals. Results. Literature searches retrieved 1 824 articles, with 43 meeting the review inclusion criteria. Reference was made to AMS nursing education in 23 (53.4%) of the articles. Educational opportunities for nurses were recommended: inclusion of AMS concepts/content into undergraduate and postgraduate nursing curricula (n=12; 27.9%), in-hospital training (n=14; 32.5%) and continuing professional development (n=6; 13.9%). Recommendations for nursing education were as follows: role of AMS in preventing antimicrobial resistance (n=7; 16.2%), infection prevention and control (n=3; 6.9%), diagnostics in AMS (n=5; 11.6%), pharmacology (n=11; 25.5%) and collaboration (n=2; 4.6%). Identified nursing educational gaps were: nurses not recognising their role within AMS (n=5; 11.6%), inadequate nursing resources and expertise for dosing, pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic strategies and managing possible drug incompatibilities with extended/prolonged infusions (n=3; 6.9%), and inappropriate nurse disposal of antibiotic waste (n=1; 2.3%). Conclusions. Although recommendations for nursing education were found in many key AMS guidelines, few guidelines provided detailed descriptions of the nursing competencies that were required for this role.
Pathogen infection and cholesterol deficiency activate the C. elegans p38 immune pathway through a TIR-1/SARM1 phase transition
Authors: Peterson Nicholas D , Icso Janneke D , Salisbury J Elizabeth , Rodríguez Tomás , Thompson Paul R , Pukkila-Worley Read
Published: January 2022

Intracellular signaling regulators can be concentrated into membrane-free, higher ordered protein assemblies to initiate protective responses during stress — a process known as phase transition. Here, we show that a phase transition of the Caenorhabditis elegans Toll/interleukin-1 receptor domain protein (TIR-1), an NAD+ glycohydrolase homologous to mammalian sterile alpha and TIR motif-containing 1 (SARM1), underlies p38 PMK-1 immune pathway activation in C. elegans intestinal epithelial cells. Through visualization of fluorescently labeled TIR-1/SARM1 protein, we demonstrate that physiologic stresses, both pathogen and non-pathogen, induce multimerization of TIR-1/SARM1 into visible puncta within intestinal epithelial cells. In vitro enzyme kinetic analyses revealed that, like mammalian SARM1, the NAD+ glycohydrolase activity of C. elegans TIR-1 is dramatically potentiated by protein oligomerization and a phase transition. Accordingly, C. elegans with genetic mutations that specifically block either multimerization or the NAD+ glycohydrolase activity of TIR-1/SARM1 fail to induce p38 PMK phosphorylation, are unable to increase immune effector expression, and are dramatically susceptible to bacterial infection. Finally, we demonstrate that a loss-of-function mutation in nhr-8, which alters cholesterol metabolism and is used to study conditions of sterol deficiency, causes TIR-1/SARM1 to oligomerize into puncta in intestinal epithelial cells. Cholesterol scarcity increases p38 PMK-1 phosphorylation, primes immune effector induction in a manner that requires TIR-1/SARM1 oligomerization and its intrinsic NAD+ glycohydrolase activity, and reduces pathogen accumulation in the intestine during a subsequent infection. These data reveal a new adaptive response that allows a metazoan host to anticipate pathogen threats during cholesterol deprivation, a time of relative susceptibility to infection. Thus, a phase transition of TIR-1/SARM1 as a prerequisite for its NAD+ glycohydrolase activity is strongly conserved across millions of years of evolution and is essential for diverse physiological processes in multiple cell types.