bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Epstein-Barr Virus and immune status imprint the immunogenomics of non-Hodgkin lymphomas occurring in immune-suppressed environments
Authors: Baron Marine , Labreche Karim , Veyri Marianne , Désiré Nathalie , Bouzidi Amira , Seck-Thiam Fatou , Charlotte Frédéric , Rousseau Alice , Morin Véronique , Nakid-Cordero Cécilia , Abbar Baptiste , Picca Alberto , Le Cann Marie , Balegroune Noureddine , Gauthier Nicolas , Theodorou Ioannis , Touat Mehdi , Morel Véronique , Bielle Franck , Samri Assia , Alentorn Agusti , Sanson Marc , Roos-Weil Damien , Haioun Corinne , Poullot Elsa , De Septenville Anne Langlois , Davi Frédéric , Guihot Amélie , Boelle Pierre-Yves , Leblond Véronique , Coulet Florence , Spano Jean-Philippe , Choquet Sylvain , Autran Brigitte , Study group IDeATIon
Published: June 2024

Non-Hodgkin lymphomas (NHL) commonly occur in immune-deficient (ID) patients, both HIV-infected and transplanted, and are often EBV-driven with cerebral localization, raising the question of tumor immunogenicity, a critical issue for treatment responses. We investigated the immunogenomics of 68 lymphoproliferative disorders from 51 ID (34 posttransplant, 17 HIV+) and 17 immunocompetent patients. Overall, 72% were Large B Cells Lymphoma (LBCL) and 25% were primary central-nervous-system lymphoma (PCNSL) while 40% were EBV-positive. Tumor whole-exome and RNA sequencing, along with a bioinformatics pipeline allowed analysis of tumor mutational burden (TMB), tumor landscape and microenvironment (TME) and prediction of tumor neoepitopes. Both TMB (2.2 vs 3.4/Mb, p=0.001) and neoepitopes numbers (40 vs 200, p=0.00019) were lower in EBVpositive than in EBV-negative NHL, regardless of the immune status. In contrast both EBV and the immune status influenced the tumor mutational profile, with HNRNPF and STAT3 mutations exclusively observed in EBV-positive and ID NHL, respectively. Peripheral blood T-cell responses against tumor neoepitopes were detected in all EBV-negative cases but in only half EBV-positive ones, including responses against IgH-derived MHC-class-II restricted neoepitopes. The TME analysis showed higher CD8 T cell infiltrates in EBVpositive vs EBV-negative NHL, together with a more tolerogenic profile composed of Tregs, type-M2 macrophages and an increased expression of negative immune-regulators. Our results highlight that the immunogenomics of NHL in patients with immunodeficiency primarily relies on the tumor EBV status, while T cell recognition of tumor- and IgH-specific neoepitopes is conserved in EBV-negative patients, offering potential opportunities for future T cell-based immune therapies.
Superior outcomes and high-risk features with carfilzomib, lenalidomide, and dexamethasone combination therapy for patients with relapsed and refractory multiple myeloma: Results of the multicenter KMMWP2201 study
Authors: Lee Ji Hyun , Choi Jimin , Min Chang-Ki , Park Sung-Soo , Jo Jae-Cheol , Lee Yoo Jin , Kim Jin Seok , Eom Hyeon-Seok , Jung Jongheon , Moon Joon Ho , Cho Hee Jeong , Lee Myung-won , Yoon Sung-Soo , Byun Ja Min , Lee Jae Hoon , Lee Je-Jung , Jung Sung-Hoon , Shin Ho-Jin , Kim Do Young , Yi Jun Ho , Lee Seung-Shin , Do Young Rok , Yoon Dok Hyun , Cho Hyungwoo , Lee Won Sik , Lee Ho Sup , Uhm Jieun , Kim Hyo Jung , Jang Hee Ryeong , Kim Sung-Hyun , Kim Kihyun
Published: June 2024

Carfilzomib, lenalidomide, and dexamethasone (KRd) combination therapy improves the survival of patients with relapsed and/or refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM). Nonetheless, evidence on the use of KRd in Asian populations remains scarce. Accordingly, this study aimed at investigating this regimen’s efficacy in a large group of patients. This retrospective study included patients with RRMM who were treated with KRd at 21 centers between February 2018 and October 2020. Overall, 364 patients were included (median age: 63 years). The overall response rate was 90% in responseevaluable patients, including 69% who achieved a very good partial response or deeper responses. With a median follow-up duration of 34.8 months, the median progression-free survival (PFS) was 23.4 months and overall survival (OS) was 59.5 months. Among adverse factors affecting PFS, highrisk cytogenetics, extramedullary disease, and doubling of monoclonal protein within 2 to 3 months prior to start of KRd treatment significantly decreased PFS and overall survival (OS) in multivariate analyses. Patients who underwent post-KRd stem cell transplantation (i.e.delayed transplant) showed prolonged PFS and OS. Grade 3 or higher adverse events (AEs) were observed in 56% of the patients, and non-fatal or fatal AE’s that resulted in discontinuation of KRd were reported in 7% and 2% of patients, respectively. Cardiovascular toxicity was comparable to that reported in the ASPIRE study. In summary, KRd was effective in a large real-world cohort of patients with RRMM with long-term follow-up. These findings may further inform treatment choices in the treatment of patients with RRMM.
Winter Prevalence of Dengue Fever Followed by Immunosuppression Associated White Blood Cell Elevation: A Cross Sectional Study
Authors: Md Navim Kabir Chowdhury
Published: June 2024

Background : As a tropical country, Bangladesh is very much vulnerable to Dengue fever. Though commodities are well familiar to this,it’s  winter prevalence  in recent times makes health authorities in a fix to  introduce effective curative and preventive measures to prevent premature death. A single Aedes aegypti bite causes severe life threatening  situations including death but the survivers  also face immunosuppressions followed by repeated infections. Methods : 75 patients came to outdoor patient department and indoor for pyrexia, respiratory tract infection whose age group (32-47)+_ 2 years.41 patients were male and rest of 34 patients were female.15 male patients and 10 female patients who had history different co-morbidities  and they were (42-45)+_ 2 years age group. Results : Among 41 male patients, 31 patients(76%) and 18 female patients (55%) who came to outdoor patient department with history of chronic  dry cough, low grade fever with malaise. They suffered from dengue fever in recent winter. 19 male patients (61%) had history of hospitalization. This time we got leucocytosis ( White Blood Cell count > 15,000 /cumm^3 of blood) in 49 patients(65%).As 5 patients having other co-morbidities it turned into 53%.Prescribing broad spectrum antibiotic 10 patients got symptomatic relief and their WBC count found  11,000-13,000/cumm^3 of blood. Remaining 51% had moderate leucocytosis associated mild to moderate symptoms. Conclusion: Patients chronic systemic diseases indicate suspected DEN 2 & 3 prevalence which should be come under brief research for curative treatment.
Bangladesh J Medicine 2024; Vol. 35, No. 2, Supplementation: 161
Pancreatic Stone Protein (PSP): a New Biomarker in Sepsis
Authors: Mallick Uzzwal Kumar
Published: June 2024

Pancreatic stone protein (PSP) is secreted by the pancreas and rises in response to stress induced by systemic infection and sepsis. PSP levels start to increase before the development of clinical signs and symptoms of sepsis. PSP could be useful in the identification of patients with worse outcomes. Pancreatic stone protein performance in the diagnosis of sepsis is, at least, comparable to other biomarkers. The role of PSP in the immune and inflammatory response to infection prompted its identification as a potential biomarker of infection and sepsis. Sepsis is a life-threatening syndrome characterized by a dysregulated host response to an infection that may evolve rapidly into septic shock and multiple organ failure. Management of sepsis relies on the early recognition and diagnosis of infection and the providing of adequate and prompt antibiotic therapy and organ support. A novel protein biomarker, the pancreatic stone protein (PSP), has recently been studied as a biomarker of sepsis and the available evidence suggests that it has a higher diagnostic performance for the identification of infection than the most used available biomarkers and adds prognostic value. PSP can be useful for the early diagnosis of infection and for the triage of patients based on the risk of mortality. The diagnostic ability of PSP may be relevant not only through its sensitivity for timely diagnosis, but also through its negative predictive value, which can lead to a reduction in inappropriate antibiotic prescriptions, which in compliance with antibiotic stewardship strategies. The possibility of performing serial assessments of PSP in ICUs would allow for a sentinel effect of infection in patients hospitalized for non-infectious causes and/or monitoring infection response to antibiotic therapy. The role of pancreatic stone protein in clinical practice is still to be determined.
Bangladesh J Medicine 2024; Vol. 35, No. 2, Supplementation: 151-152
Reversal of Liver Fibrosis: Is It a Reality
Authors: Rahman Salimur
Published: June 2024

Liver fibrosis, previously deemed irreversible in the context of chronic liver injury, is now being reconsidered due to emerging evidence suggesting the potential for regression and even reversal. This shift challenges traditional notions and prompts exploration into interventions targeting reversal of liver fibrosis.
A thorough review of literature spanning 2000 to 2024 was conducted via PubMed, MEDLINE, and Embase databases. Clinical trials, longitudinal studies, and experimental research focusing on fibrosis reversal interventions were analyzed. Data extraction emphasized study design, patient demographics, interventions, outcomes, and key findings regarding fibrosis regression. Diverse interventions across liver diseases have shown efficacy in liver fibrosis regression. Antiviral therapies such as nucleoside/nucleotide analogs (entecavir, tenofovir), interferons, and direct-acting antiviral agents (sofosbuvir, glecaprevir/pibrentasvir), treatment of other causes (Wilson’s disease, haemochromatosis, autoimmune hepatitis) have demonstrated halting or reversal of fibrosis progression. Lifestyle modifications, surgical interventions including liver transplantation and bariatric surgery, led to significant fibrosis regression. Certain herbal supplements (e.g., silymarin, curcumin, Schisandrachinensis etc.) exhibited potential antifibrotic properties. Probiotics, though needing further investigation, seems promising in modulating gut microbiota and reducing liver inflammation. Novel strategies like dopamine receptor stimulation and pathogen clearance are other recent advancements in fibrosis reversal.
Evidence supports the feasibility of reversing liver fibrosis in chronic liver diseases. While antiviral therapies, treatment of cause, lifestyle modifications, and surgeries remain crucial, herbal supplements, probiotics, and emerging strategies offer adjunctive therapies. Advances like dopamine receptor-targeting drugs and gene therapy present new treatment avenues while instilling renewed hope for patients with liver fibrosis.
Bangladesh J Medicine 2024; Vol. 35, No. 2, Supplementation: 139
Endoscopic ultrasound: what is it and when should it be used?
Authors: Shil Bimal Chandra
Published: June 2024

Flexible endoscopy was first developed in 1911 and ultrasound later arrived in 1956. In the 1980s, these modalities were merged to form the endoscopic ultrasound (EUS). EUS uses a special endoscope with a small ultrasound probe mounted on its tip called echoendoscope. Endoscopic ultrasound works similar to abdominal ultrasound, except the source of the sound waves is inside the body. Because the sound waves don’t need to pass through the skin and muscle to reach internal organs, EUS offers a better view of the GI tract and nearby organs than abdominal ultrasound. Thereby, EUS is a minimally invasive procedure that combines conventional endoscopic viewing of GI lumen with ultrasound imaging of gut wall in fine detail and surrounding structures and organs e.g mediastinum, lungs, liver, pancreas, gall bladder, biliary trees, vasculatures and lymph nodes. It is more precise in identifying small tumors and cysts that other imaging methods such as MRI and CT can miss.
It has been shown to be very useful in evaluating submucosal tumors, extraluminal lesions pancreatobiliary diseases and staging of GI malignancies. There are two types of echoendoscopes for imaging: radial & linear. The radial EUS is used for diagnostic purpose. The linear echoendoscope is utilized for both diagnostic and therapeutic purpose like fine needle aspiration (FNA) or core biopsy (FNB) from GI lesions and in the treatment of a variety of clinical conditions. Therapeutic applications of EUS are rapidly expanding and facilitating, various interventions like celiac plexus block or neurolysis for pain control in pancreatic cancer and in chronic pancreatitis, drainage of pancreatic collection, necrotic tissues or pseudocyst, loculated ascites, liver abscess, pelvic abscess, EUS guided ERCP in failed conventional ERCP, TIPSS, ablation of tumors, application of chemotherapeutic or radioactive agents in different lesions and EUS guided gastroenterostomy etc.
Still, EUS is very slow to be accepted within our country, it has now an established role in many arenas. It is a safe and cost-effective procedure which has a significant impact on the management of patients.
Bangladesh J Medicine 2024; Vol. 35, No. 2, Supplementation: 143-144
An approach to a child with arthritis.
Authors: Talukder Manik Kumar
Published: June 2024

Musculoskeletal and joint diseases appear to be increasing and continue to be a growing childhood health problem. Confusion over terminology and a lack of awareness of these conditions have probably contributed to their under-recognition. Musculoskeletal pain in children are common, affecting about 10-20 % of school children.2 Various local and systemic, acute and chronic, benign and malignant conditions are associated with musculoskeletal pain (Table-I). A correct diagnosis is essential for appropriate management. It is important to remember that all the limb and joint pains are not arthritis and all arthritis are not painful. A child presenting with arthritis is always a diagnostic challenge even for the most experienced clinicians. 
Bangladesh J Medicine 2024; Vol. 35, No. 2, Supplementation: 145-146
Role of Serum Ferritin Level in the Diagnosis of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD)
Authors: Azam Mohammad Golam , Chowdhury Ali Arbab , Sajjad Sarker Mohammed , Datta Indrajit Kumar , Rahman Md Anisur , Rowshon AHM
Published: June 2024

Background: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is characterized by excessive liver fat accumulation and is a major cause of progressive liver disease. Serum ferritin is a biochemical parameter which is elevated in several clinical conditions including both acute and chronic liver diseases. It may indicate hepatic inflammation, necrosis and fibrosis progression in NAFLD due to its association with iron buildup and inflammation. The aim of the study is to assess the role of serum ferritin as an effective marker in the diagnosis of NAFLD. Methods: This cross sectional study was conducted at Bangladesh Institute of Research and Rehabilitation in Diabetes, Endocrine and Metabolic disorders (BIRDEM) General Hospital, Dhaka on patients attending department of Gastrointestinal, Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Disorders (GHPD). Purposive sampling technique was applied to enroll the subjects according to selection criteria. Statistical significance was set at 0.05 level and confidence interval at 95% level. Results: This study included 206 patients. They were divided into two groups on the basis of ultrasonogram of abdomen. Among them 136 patients had NAFLD (Group-A) and 70 patients had normal liver (Group-B). Serum ferritin level was measured in all patients. The mean±SD of serum ferritin was significantly higher among Group-A (326.88±203.94) than Group-B (57.23±14.55) (p <0.001). ROC analysis for serum ferritin level yielded an AUC of 0.993. Sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV and accuracy at cut off value 77 ng/ml were 94%, 97%, 94%, 97%, 96%; at 78.5 ng/ml were 95%, 97%, 94%, 97%, 96%; at 81.5 ng/ml were 98%, 95%, 92%, 99%, 97%; at 82.6 ng/ml were 94%, 98%, 99%, 89%, 95% and at 86 ng/ml were 92%, 98%, 90%, 92% and 90% respectively. The cut-off value of serum ferritin e”81.50 ng/ml showed the highest accuracy. Conclusion: The findings of this study suggest serum ferritin is an important biochemical test of NAFLD.
Bangladesh J Medicine 2024; Vol. 35, No. 2, Supplementation: 156-157
Spectrum of Erythema Nodosum: A case series
Authors: Chowdhury Mohammed Baieas , Tonmoy Mahmud Un Nabi , Siam Rafiq Un Nabi , Akter Benojeer , Hossain Khondoker Shoaib , Sarker Gourav Dey , Paul Nandita , Ahmed Akhak
Published: June 2024

Erythema nodosum (EN) is a common acute nodular septalpanniculitis, characterized by the sudden onset of erythematous, firm, solid, deep nodules or plaques painful on palpation and mainly localized on extensor surfaces of the legs. The changes resolve without skin ulcerations spontaneously within a few weeks (mean 2–8). Skin symptoms may be associated with arthralgia, fever, and weaknessThese nodules are characterized by a typical histological appearance regardless of the etiology, marked by acute inflammation of the dermo-hypodermic junction and interlobular septa of the hypodermic fat.Erythema nodosum can occur due to a vast number of underlying causes including but not limited to idiopathic, infectious, and a variety of noninfectious causes. Its occurrence is for the clinician a signal for a wider diagnosis and determination of the cause of occurrence of symptoms. Here we discuss 3 cases of EN of different etiologies and was treated accordingly.
Bangladesh J Medicine 2024; Vol. 35, No. 2, Supplementation: 167
An unusual co existence of Hematological malignancy and Avascular Necrosis in previously diagnosed young HB E beta Thalassemia patient
Authors: Monsur Sabrina
Published: June 2024

b-thalassemia is a genetic deficiency in the synthesis of â-globin chains, causes hemolysis and ineffective hematopoiesis which leads to chronic anaemia. Currently available proper care and appropriate treatment strategies have increased life expectancy and quality of life in patients suffering from â-thalassemia major. The prolonged life span increases the possibility of other diseases and co-morbidity. such malignancies may occur, possibly due to the iron-overload-induced oxidative stress in bone marrow microenvironment, and the increased hematopoietic drive. Again, Avascular Necrosis (AVN) of the head of femur commonly occurs in haematological disorders associated with thrombosis. Sickle cell disease is traditionally associated with AVN. The occurrence of osteonecrosis of femoral head in thalassaemia is rare and only limited case reports are available, which only reported in transfusion dependent Thalassemia.In this study we report the case of a patient affected by Hb E b- Thalassemia with Chronic Myeloid Leukaemia with Avascular necrosis of the left hip. We carried out a careful revision of the current literature on the occurrence of hematological malignancies and osteonecrosis in b- thalassemia patients. CML and AVN occurrence in b-thalassemia patients has been very rarely reported.A more detailed evaluation should have been carried out to look for other contributory factors. Thus, this article highlights the rarity of association of avascular necrosis of femoral head in children, CML and thalassaemia and the importance of early clinical suspicion. Further research is needed to shed light in the complex Biology of these diseases to improve clinical improvement of this population.
Bangladesh J Medicine 2024; Vol. 35, No. 2, Supplementation:179
Studies on the Polymorphism of alpha-Esterase activity in a few members of Nasuta subgroup (genus: Drosophila)
Authors: Rajasekarasetty M. R. , Ramesh S. R. , Krishnamurthy N. B.
Published: June 2024

The polyacrylamide gel electrophoretic technique was used to assay the activity of alpha-esterases in various members of D. nasuta subgroup. Five zones of activity designated as ESTA to E were recognized. Further 1to5 bands in each zone were observed in these species under study. Both similarities and dissimilarities with regard to the degree of variation in the isozymes compared with the presumed degree of relationship established by cytological and hybridization studies are discussed.
New genera and species of Tubulifera (Thysanoptera:Phlaeothripidae) from Assam and Meghalaya
Authors: Sen S. , Muraleedharan N.
Published: June 2024

Two genera Pegothrips, Neodixothrips, and three new species Pegothrips meghalaya, Neodixothrips assamensis, and Tylothrips indicus are described. The genus Tylothrips is recorded for the first time from the Oriental Region and a key is provided to separate the known species.
Analisis Kondisi Keuangan Guru Honorer di Jawa Barat dan Implikasinya pada Penggunaan Pinjaman Online
Authors: Nabhani Irfan , Nabhani Mikail Omar , Fitri Liani Asmarani
Published: June 2024

Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk memberikan analisa deskriptif terkait kondisi guru honorer di Jawa Barat dalam pengelolaan keuangan. Hal ini menjadi penting karena guru honorer adalah salah satu ujung tombak pendidikan di tingkat dasar dan menengah yang kesejahteraannya perlu mendapat perhatian. Penelitian ini juga melakukan diskusi dan mengusulkan konsep kerangka penelitian atas faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi perilaku tersebut termasuk keputusan mereka pada saat mengambil pinjaman online. Survey dilakukan secara online pada 68 orang guru honorer yang tergabung dalam asosiasi untuk selanjutnya dilakukan analisa desktriptif. Hasil survey menunjukkan bahwa mayoritas guru honorer memiliki pendapatan yang berada di bawah standar kelayakan hidup sehingga posisi mereka akan rentan terpenetrasi oleh pinjaman online terutama yang illegal. Penelitian ini mengusulkan konsep penelitian lanjutan dari perilaku keuangan guru honorer daerah dengan mengikutsertakan variabel literasi keuangan, inklusivitas, efisiensi dan inovasi, resiko dan perlindungan nasabah, sekuriti dan kerahasiaan data pribadi, serta legalitas dari pinjaman tersebut.
PENGEMBANGAN KURIKULUM MULTIKULTURAL DI PERGURUAN TINGGI
Authors: Sangadji Kapraja
Published: June 2024

The concept of multicultural education was born from a reflection in a group. The issues raised by multicultural education include: race, ethnicity, class, social, economic, gender, disability, age differences, and language. The emergence of these issues is no more a reflection of the condition of the people who experience inequality and injustice. This is defined as an educational process that gives equal opportunities to the entire nation regardless of treatment due to differences in ethnicity, culture and religion, which gives an appreciation of diversity, and which provides the same rights for ethnic minorities, in an effort to strengthen the unity, identity national and the nation's image in the eyes of the world. The above phenomenon is the study curriculum. Where the content of the curriculum itself in direct contact with all aspects of life and community issues. Reconstruction of multicultural education as a curriculum that reflects the four dimensions of curriculum development. Therefore education muliticutural not as hidden curriculum (hidden curriculum). Development and implementation of education multiculturalism in higher education, it can be packed into the curriculum such as education citizenship, the principles of multicultural education, educational foundation multicultural and Education Religiosity is done and can be done through a hidden curriculum or touch in the context of the development of noble character, has the intensity to foster and develop inter-religious harmony. By him, multicultural education can be included as a college curriculum in various subjects. Although the format of the higher.
UPAYA GURU FIQIH DALAM MENUMBUHKAN KESADARAN MENJALANKAN IBADAH SHALAT LIMA WAKTU (Pada Siswa Kelas VII MTs LKMD Sawa Kabupaten Buru)
Authors: Umasugi Yuli , Khozin Nur
Published: June 2024

Penelitian ini berfokus pada upaya guru Fiqih dalam menumbuhkan kesadaran shalat lima waktu pada siswa kelas VII di MTs LKMD Sawa Kabupaten Buru. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui upaya guru fiqih dalam menumbuhkan kesadaran menjalankan shalat lima waktu pada siswa kelas VII MTs LKMD Sawa Kabupaten Buru serta faktor pendukung dan penghambat upaya guru fiqih tersebut. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kualitatif. Dalam pengumpulan data penulis menggunakan metode observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Sedangkan analisis data menggunakan pengumpulan data, reduksi data, display data dan verifikasi dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa upaya guru fiqih dalam menumbuhkan kesadaran menjalankan shalat lima waktu pada siswa kelas VII MTs LKMD Sawa Kabupaten Buru mempunyai peran yang banyak antara lain: a) Guru memberikan pengarahan positif, b) Guru memberikan motivasi, c) Guru memberikan sangsi kepada siswa yang tidak mengikuti sholat dzuhur berjama’ah. Faktor pendukung adalah adanya kebijakan sekolah tentang sholat lima waktu, peran guru yang lain juga sudah maksimal dalam membimbing, mengarahkan, memotivasi, mengevaluasi, dalam mendisiplinkan shalat berjama’ah di sekolah, dan ketersediaan tempat ibadah dan prasaranannya. Sedangkan untuk faktor pengahambatnya yaitu kondisi masjid yang kurang luas sehingga tidak mampu menampung siswa untuk shalat berjama’ah secara keseluruhan, dan peran orang tua dan lingkungan sekitar yang belum maksimal dalam mendukung hal tersebut.
KOMPETENSI KEPRIBADIAN DOSEN PAI iMENURUT PANDANGAN AN-NAWAWI (DALAM KITAB AT-TIBYAN FI ADABI HAMALAH AL-QUR’AN)
Authors: Buton Fitria , L Yusuf Abd. , Mukhlisin Mukhlisin
Published: June 2024

Hasil iTemuan iini imengungkapkan ibahwa iDosen iPAI, iFakultas iTarbiyah, idan iKeguruan iIAIN iAmbon isemuanya imemiliki ilima ikompetensi ikepribadian, iyaitu: i(1) ikonsisten, iseperti iberfungsi isesuai istandar isosial idan isenang imenjadi iseorang iDosen; ihal iini iditunjukkan ioleh ibantuan ikonstan iprofesor, iinteraksi idengan imahasiswa idan iprofesor ilainnya, idan isalam iramah. iHal iini isejalan idengan ifalsafah ian-Nawawi iyang imeyakini ibahwa i“Dosen iharus imencintai imahasiswanya, imemperhatikan ikemaslahatan imahasiswanya”, idan ibangga idengan ipanggilannya. i(2) idewasa ikarena ikemandirian iyang iditunjukkan ioleh iDosen iPAI. iMenurut ian-Nawawi, i"dosen iharus itertarik idalam imemberikan ipengajaran, iserta imemiliki iintensif iyang ibaik" i(3) iberwibawa ikarena iperilaku ipro-aktif iDosen iPAI. iHal iini isesuai idengan iapa iyang idiyakini ian-Nawawi ibahwa i“dosen iharus imemiliki iakhlak iterpuji” i(4) iberakhlak imulia, ibahwa i“dosen iharus iberakhlak imulia” i(akhlak iterhadap iAllah iSWT, isesama imanusia, idan ilingkungan), iMenurut ian-Nawawi, idosen i“harus imenghiasi idiri idengan iakhlak iyang iterpuji. i(5) iteladan, idosen iPAI ibisa imenjadi iteladan ibagi imahasiswanya isejalan idengan ipemikiran ian-Nawawi ibahwa idosen iharus imenghiasi idiri idengan iakhlak iterpuji, idan imemperlakukan ipeserta ididik idengan ilemah ilembut, iNiat iLillahi ita'ala idengan ikepribadian iseperti iini, isiswa iakan imengikutinya” iDosen iPAI idapat imenjadi ipanutan ibagi imahasiswanya idengan imenjadi iteladan idan imemotivasi imahasiswa iuntuk imempererat itali isilaturahmi iantara idosen idan ipara imahasiswa iJenis ipenelitian iini, imenggambarkan itentang ifenomena idi ilapangan idan iberkaitan idengan irumusan imasalah iyang idisajikan, ibersifat ikualitatif. iPartisipan idalam ipenelitian iini iadalah ipara ipengajar iPAI idan imahasiswa iProgram iStudi iPendidikan iAgama iIslam iFakultas iTarbiyah idan iKeguruan iIAIN iAmbon. iReduksi idata, ipenyajian, idan iverifikasi iadalah itiga imetode ianalisis idata iyang idigunakan idalam ipenelitian iini, isedangkan iobservasi, iwawancara, idan idokumentasi iadalah itiga imetode ipengumpulan idata iyang ipeneliti igunakan idalam imeneliti iterkait ifenomena iyang iterjadi idilapangan.
STUDENTS' THINKING PROCESS IN SOLVING MATHEMATICAL PROOF PROBLEM
Authors: Hakim Fauziah , Murtafiah Murtafiah
Published: June 2024

TThis research aimed to describe students’ thinking process in solving mathematical proof problem. The subjects in this research were Mathematics Education Study Program students in Universitas Sulawesi Barat who were taking Abstract Algebra course on academic year of 2019/2020 and were grouped into 3 proving ability categories, high, medium, and low. For each category, two subjects were chosen to be interviewed in order to obtain a description of students' thinking processes. From the results of tests and interviews, it was found that in the entry phase, high and medium category subjects were able to find the right initial verification procedure, whereas low category subjects were not yet able. In the attack phase, high category subjects were able to complete the process of proof to the final stage very systematically, medium category subjects were able to use the properties and theorems but still have difficulty achieving the right end result, while low category subjects try to use the properties and theorems but are not related to the verification process. In the review phase, high category subjects were able to explain the procedure outline again, category subjects were trying to supplement the shortcomings of the procedure, and low category subjects realized the importance of the initial proof process.
THE EFFECTIVENESS OF BLENDED LEARNING USING A LEARNING SYSTEM IN NETWORK (SPADA) IN UNDERSTANDING OF MATHEMATICAL CONCEPT
Authors: Ulfa Marchamah , Puspaningtyas Nicky Dwi
Published: June 2024

In this study, learning is carried out by Blended Learning (BL) with the SPADA in Calculus/ Mathematics courses in terms understanding of student concepts. This study aims to see the effectiveness of the application of learning with BL in terms of understanding students concepts. The study used a quasi-experimental technique with a population of all Indonesian Teknokrat University students. The sampling technique uses random sampling and to test its effectiveness a T-test statistic is used with α = 5%. Obtained student learning outcomes in the experiment class with an average of 78,48 higher than control class and standard deviation 9,96. Based on the results of the T test, it can be concluded that this learning is effectively applied. The conclusion of this study shows that the application of learning in BL is effective when viewed from the understanding of student concepts. This is because BL learning is able to combine face-to-face learning with learning in a network that is in accordance with the current development. Students are more interested and motivated to study hard and look for learning resources that are getting closer to them through devices or computers.
Keywords: blended learning; concepts understanding; SPADA
DEVELOPMENT OF LEAFLET BASED ON THE BRUNER THEORY ON THE MATERIALS OF THE TWO-VARIABLE LINEAR EQUATION SYSTEM
Authors: Afriyani Dona
Published: June 2024

This study aims to develop a leaflet based on Bruner's theory for the two-variable linier equation system, which is valid and describes its characteristics. Research development is used to take three stages, namely the prelimanary reseach, prototipe design and assessment. The instrument in the form of a product validation sheet was designed to obtain an assessment from an expert in mathematics, mathematics education and learning media. Aspects assessed include content validity, constructs, graphics and language. Data analysis uses the percentage formula and the results obtained compared with the validity qualification criteria of a product. Furthermore, the characteristics of the leaflet are described. Validation results for all aspects are classified as very valid. Bruner's theory-based leaflets that have been declared very valid by three validators still need improvement, especially aspects of language. Based on the validator's evaluation and validator's suggestion, finally obtained the characteristics of the Bruner theory-based leaflet for valid SPLDV material namely leaflets: in accordance with the learning objectives of SPLDV, according to the characteristics needs of junior high school students, containing material presented following the stages of Bruner's theory and in accordance with the level of student understanding
DIFFERENCES IN THE COMPETENCY RESULTS OF MIPA TEACHERS IN WEST SERAM AND EAST SERAM DISTRICTS TO INCREASE THE QUALITY OF EDUCATION IN MALUKU
Authors: Kaliky Syafruddin , Sopamena Patma
Published: June 2024

Teachers are one of the most important competences in an education system. Therefore, teacher competence can affect the quality of education. This study aims to determine the differences in the results of the mapping of professional and pedagogical competencies of Mathematics and Natural Sciences teachers in West Seram and East Seram Districts in improving the quality of education in Maluku through questionnaire data. This study used a survey research method with a sample of 25% of the MIPA teacher population in SBB and SBT districts, namely 42 Mathematics and Natural Sciences teachers in West Seram Regency and 25 Mathematics and Natural Sciences teachers in East Seram Regency. The results showed that: a) Professional competence of Mathematics and Natural Sciences teachers in SBB district is not different from the SBT district which is indicated by F count 0.05; b) The pedagogical competence of Mathematics and Natural Sciences teachers in SBB Regency is not different from SBT Regency which is indicated by F count 0.05, which is sig. Value = 0.262> 0.05.
STUDENT THINKING PROCESS IN SOLVING MATHEMATICAL PROBLEMS BASED ON APOS
Authors: Sopamena Patma , Kaliky Syafruddin , Sehuwaky Nurlaila , Kasliyanto Kasliyanto , Juhaevah Fahruh
Published: June 2024

factorization of algebraic expressions based on APOS. A qualitative-exploratory design was employed in this study, where the participants were asked to solve mathematical problems and perform think-aloud protocols. Interview was conducted to extract more interesting data and clarify the participants’ answers and logical analysis. The research subject was a student of class VIII of SMPN 23 Ambon which two students with the initials S1 and S2. The results showed that the thought process of students in solving the problem of factorization of algebraic tribes based on the APOS framework can be classified into 2 categories. The first category is complete thinking structure that was indicated by providing the correct answer to the problem. This process began with interiorization as Action, followed by coordination, encapsulation, reversal, regulation or de-encapsulation as Process towards the object. The second category or scheme is incomplete thinking structure, marked by making errors during the problem-solving process and fixing the errors after reflection. The incomplete thinking structure occurred on interiorization as Action and coordination, reversal and de-encapsulation as Process towards the object. The study found only two categories (complete and incomplete thinking structures), so it is possible for future research to find other categories.
Changes of gastric lipase activity after ethanol and indomethacin administration. influence of pretreatment with allopurinol, pentoxifylline and L-DOPA
Authors: Sedláková A , Kohút A , Šarišský M
Published: June 2024

Gastric lipase (GL) plays an important role in emulsification and digestion of food fat. Lipids are components of the hydrophobic mucus and mucosa barrier. Damage of the gastric mucosa may therefore be related to changes in the lipid content and GL activity. In the present paper, we studied the effect of administration of a single dose of 96 % ethanol (E) and indomethacin 20 mg.kg-1 (IND) on the activity of GL and on the concentrations of nonesterified fatty acids (NEFA) and triacylglycerols (TG) in the gastric mucosa of rats. Furthermore, we studied how these changes are affected by allopurinol (ALO), pentoxifylline (PX) and L-DOPA pretreatment 30 min before administration of E or IND. The effect of sialoadenectomy (SA) on these parameters was also evaluated. We found: 1) significant (p<0.01) inhibition of GL activity after administration of E and IND and also ALO, as well as after pretreatment with ALO before E and PX before IND. L-DOPA administered alone stimulated GL activity, but its administration before IND significantly (p<0.01) inhibited this enzymatic activity. GL activity was decreased to the threshold values in SA rats and after administration of E to SA animals. 2) NEFA concentrations were decreased after E and increased significantly (p<0.01) after IND administration. A marked significant (p<0.01) decrease in NEFA was found after PX and L-DOPA administration. The administration of ALO also lowered the concentration of NEFA. Pretreatment by drugs before E and IND resulted in a significant increase of NEFA in comparison with the drugs given alone (p<0.05 for ALO + E; p<0.01 for PX + IND). 3) TG were also decreased in all experimental groups in comparison with the control group, i.e. after E and IND, after ALO and SA and also after pretreatment by ALO before E. The concentration of TG decreased after PX, significantly (p<0.05) after L-DOPA and after pretreatment by PX before IND. Pretreatment by ALO before E and L-DOPA before IND resulted in the increase of TG in comparison with drugs alone. Thus, these results suggest certain protective effect of pretreatment with ALO, PX and L-DOPA against the E- and IND-induced decrease in NEFA and TG during injury of the gastric mucosa. On the other hand, inhibition of GL activity was also apparent after administration of these drugs before E and IND, which suggest presence of a persisting impairment of lipid digestion in the stomach.
The effect of 5´-(N,N-dimethyl)-amiloride on cytotoxic activity of doxorubicin and vincristine in CEM cell lines
Authors: Radváková I , Miroššay A , Mojžiš J , Mirossay L
Published: June 2024

Intracellular pH (pHi) plays an important role in anticancer drug accumulation in cancer cells. Resistant cells often express membrane P-glycoprotein responsible for active drug extrusion and participating in increased pHi. In the present paper, we report on the influence of Na+/H+-exchanger inhibitor, 5´-(N,N-dimethyl)-amiloride (AMI), on the cytotoxic effects of doxorubicin (DOXO) and vincristine (VCR) in the parental CEM, and resistant CEM/DNR and CEM/VCR cell lines. The obtained results revealed a potentiating effect of AMI to both anticancer drugs in parental CEM line. However, AMI did not significantly potentiate the effect of DOXO or VCR in resistant CEM cell lines. We conclude, that inhibition of Na+/H+-exchanger by AMI is not sufficient for reversal of drug resistance in the tested CEM/DNR and CEM/VCR cell lines and the possible change in pHi does not affect the mechanisms of cell resistance.
Activation of mitochondrial glycerophosphate cytochrome c reductase in regenerating rat liver by triiodothyronine
Authors: Lotková H , Rauchová H , Drahota Z
Published: June 2024

Triiodothyronine administration before partial hepatectomy increased the activity of mitochondrial glycerophosphate cytochrome c reductase. The enzyme activity was further activated after partial hepatectomy during the regenerative process. Our findings showed that: a) the increase of glycerophosphate cytochrome c reductase induced by triiodothyronine was further potentiated by the regeneration process, b) the high activity of the glycerophosphate shuttle was maintained after partial hepatectomy during the period, when most of the liver tissue had again been recovered.
O PROCESSO DE PRIVATIZAÇÃO DO PORTO DE SANTOS
Authors:   Centro Paula Souza, CARVALHO Celso Almeida de , MARSON Sérgio José ,   Centro Paula Souza
Published: June 2024

Maritime transport plays an immense role in the country's development through one of Brazil's largest ports, the Port of Santos. This study is justified by the fact that, in August 2020, the Port of Santos achieved the best record in the entire historical series, handling 13.7 million tons, an increase of 13.6% over the same month in 2019, and 1.8% above the previous record, set in July 2024, when it handled 13.5 million tons. As a partial result of the study, we see that the scope of the waterway modal makes it possible for goods to enter and leave Brazil for the world and vice versa and, in this sense, its privatization is fundamental to bring modernization, efficiency, cost reduction and greater profits, in addition to reducing the size of the state machine. The aim of this paper, therefore, is to analyse the process of privatizing the Port of Santos, assessing the benefits and losses if this process were to backfire. The research methodology used was a literature review based on indexed articles, especially in databases such as PubMed, FGV, Dom Cabral and Google. The conclusion is that the Port of Santos is a huge, valuable asset which, if privatized, could bring great gains for the government, partners, clients in all aspects, for the administrative sector, generating more value, efficiency, competitiveness and modernizing operations. As part of the research hypotheses. The main document used as a data source is the text issued by the Port Authority (SANTOS PORT AUTHORITY, 2022).
Involving students and prospective mathematics teachers through the use of the Think Pair Share design: The impact on increasing students' activeness and learning outcomes in plane geometry
Authors: Taufan Mochammad , Dejarlo Jenisus O. , Rosa Adila Juliana , Hidayat Rahmat , Sunanto Eko
Published: June 2024

This research aims to determine the increase in student activity and learning outcomes in flat building materials through the use of the think pair share (TPS) design. The research design used to achieve the objectives of this research was classroom action research conducted at SMP Negeri 1 Indramayu. Apart from that, the subjects in this research were 32 students in class VII B, while the instruments used in this research were student observation sheets which aimed to measure activity and formative tests given each cycle. Next, deep data analysis study uses pattern study quantitative descriptive for measure enhancement results Study mathematics students through test formative and measuring enhancement activities carried out every cycle. The results of data processing on learning outcomes obtained an average of 65.09 for cycle I, cycle II of 74.07, and cycle III of 80.45. Likewise, the increase in the number of students reaching completeness Study that is from cycle I as much 5 students out of 32 students or 22%, cycle II as many as 15 students out of 31 students or 47% of the criteria high completeness, and in cycle III there were 26 students out of 31 students or 81% included in the category the criteria for completeness are very high. Next, based on the results of data processing of student activity during the learning process obtained that cycle I had not reached the active category (A) (24 students out of 32 were inactive or 25% from target 75% so cycle I Not yet reach category active). In Cycle II there was an increase from Cycle I to reach the active category (A), namely 20 students were active in the learning process and 11 students were still not actively involved in the learning process. Additionally, in Cycles III there was a significant increase in reaching the active category (A), namely, there were 25 students, or 81% of students involved in the learning process, while the rest were still not active. This matter shows that using the Think Pair Share (TPS) design through the involvement of students and mathematics teachers can increase student activity and learning outcomes in plain material.
Minimizing Query Frequency to Bound Congestion Potential for Moving Entities at a Fixed Target Time
Authors: Evans William , Kirkpatrick David
Published: June 2024

Consider a collection of entities moving continuously with bounded speed, but otherwise unpredictably, in some low-dimensional space. Two such entities encroach upon one another at a fixed time if their separation is less than some specified threshold. Encroachment, of concern in many settings such as collision avoidance, may be unavoidable. However, the associated difficulties are compounded if there is uncertainty about the precise location of entities, giving rise to potential encroachment and, more generally, potential congestion within the full collection. We adopt a model in which entities can be queried for their current location (at some cost) and the uncertainty region associated with an entity grows in proportion to the time since that entity was last queried. The goal is to maintain low potential congestion, measured in terms of the (dynamic) intersection graph of uncertainty regions, at specified (possibly all) times, using the lowest possible query cost. Previous work in the same uncertainty model addressed the problem of minimizing the congestion potential of point entities using location queries of some bounded frequency. It was shown that it is possible to design query schemes that are O(1)-competitive, in terms of worst-case congestion potential, with other, even clairvoyant query schemes (that exploit knowledge of the trajectories of all entities), subject to the same bound on query frequency. In this paper, we initiate the treatment of a more general problem with the complementary optimization objective: minimizing the query frequency, measured as the reciprocal of the minimum time between queries (granularity), while guaranteeing a fixed bound on congestion potential of entities with positive extent at one specified target time. This complementary objective necessitates quite different schemes and analyses. Nevertheless, our results parallel those of the earlier papers, specifically tight competitive bounds on required query frequency.
Boosting Drought Tolerance in Tomatoes through Stimulatory Action of Salicylic Acid Imparted Antioxidant Defense Mechanisms
Authors: Rai Gyanendra Kumar , Magotra Isha , Khanday Danish Mushtaq , Choudhary Sadiya M. , Bhatt Anil , Gupta Vinod , Rai Pradeep Kumar , Kumar Pradeep
Published: June 2024

Drought poses a significant threat to agricultural productivity, particularly affecting economic crops like tomatoes. To address this challenge, various alternatives have been explored, including the use of elicitors or biostimulants such as salicylic acid (SA). This study aims to assess the stimulatory action of SA in alleviating drought stress in tomato plants under greenhouse conditions. The experiment was designed with two main factors: water availability (controlled versus drought) and the foliar application of SA at four different concentrations ranging from 100 to 250 mg L−1. The application of SA, particularly at a concentration of 250 mg L−1, showed promising results in mitigating the adverse effects of drought stress followed by 200 mg L−1. This was evidenced by the increased activity of antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), and catalase (CAT). Gene expression analysis revealed optimal APX expression with SA application at concentrations of 200 mg L−1 or 250 mg L−1. Additionally, the application of SA at 250 mg L−1 led to a high accumulation of bioactive compounds without compromising yield. Furthermore, SA application positively influenced both shoot and root weights, with the highest values observed at a concentration of 250 mg L−1. While SA is known to enhance plant tolerance to abiotic stress, further research is needed to fully elucidate its biochemical, physiological, and molecular mechanisms in supporting plant tolerance to drought stress. Utilizing salicylic acid can help growers mitigate environmental stresses, enhancing tomato crop yield and quality. Integrating SA treatments into agriculture offers a sustainable alternative elicitor for ensuring food security under challenging climate conditions.