bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Study the Effect of Variation in Voltage and Electrolytic Solution Medium in the Electrochemical Exfoliation of Graphite to Graphene Oxide
Authors: Alam Md Khorshed , Hoque Mohammad Amirul , Naeem Sabbir Hossain , Asaduzzaman Md , Al Amin Md
Published: February 2025

Graphene oxide (GO) and its reduced form have recently attracted significant interest due to their outstanding physical and chemical characteristics, hence finding large applications in fields such as electronics and optoelectronics. The paper portrayed herein presents a simple and cost-effective route to obtaining high-quality GO through electrochemical exfoliation methods. The pre-treated Graphite powder was soaked in concentrated sulfuric acid and nitric acid in a 1:1 ratio, followed by washing and neutralization. Thereafter, it was made into paper with the aid of 1% polyethylene. The sheets were suspended in electrolyte solutions of KCl and NaCl at 10.0V, 12.5V, and 15.0V to make sure the swelling of the sheets occurred. Boiling and centrifugation are done for exfoliation and purification. Characterization of GO was performed using FT-IR, FT-Raman, and UV-vis spectroscopy. It will be verified that the voltage and electrolyte type will tune the properties and characteristics of as-prepared GO effectively. The process results in the scale-up and environmentally friendly process for GO production, making the product efficient for applications in so many high-tech industries.
Bangladesh Journal of Physics, Vol. 29, Issue 2, pp. 39 – 50, December 2022
Study of the Response and Calibration Procedures of LiF:Mg, Ti TLD-100 for the Dosimetry of Photon Beam
Authors: Hossain Z , Purohit S , Arobi N , Rahman M S , Meaze AKM M H
Published: February 2025

To guarantee quality assurance and quality control of the received radiation dose and treatment level, Thermoluminescent Dosimeter (TLD) is frequently employed in personal control and monitoring equipment. TLDs are commonly used to ensure the precise delivery of radiation doses to patients in clinical radiotherapy, diagnostic radiology, personal radiation monitoring, and environmental radiation dosimetry. Even though the manufacturer made all the TLDs in the same batch, their sensitivity varies. This study aims to examine the TLD crystal calibration process, in particular, the crystal sensitivity and linearity of individual TLDs following exposure to radiation at various dosage levels for precise dosimetric radiotherapy purposes. Herein, a batch of twenty (20) LiF:Mg,Ti dosimeters was used for calibration in the air for low dose levels and in tissue equivalent water phantom for high dose. In this method, dosimetry of 20 sets of TLDs was carried out in the air on the skin of Alderson rando phantom and was exposed by 137Cs source to 1 mSv, 2 mSv, 3 mSv, 4 mSv, 5 mSv, 10 mSv, and 20 mSv dose. Again, TLDs were irradiated to 60Co beams following the reference dosimetry for 50 cGy, 100 cGy, 150 cGy, and 200 cGy at reference depth (5 cm) of a water phantom. The uncertainty of the variation of crystal sensitivity of our TLDs is 0.21%. The dose – response linearity of TLDs in both cases showed to be very close to unity having uncertainty within the recommended limit. This finding supports the clinical practice of measuring precise dosages of radiation using TLDs and essential to guarantee the correct delivery of the dose to the patient.
Bangladesh Journal of Physics, Vol. 29, Issue 2, pp. 59 – 67, December 2022
Facile Sol−gel Synthesis of CoPt Nanopowder in Air Ambient: A Study for Soft Magnetic Device Applications
Authors: Islam Minhajul , Sarker M S I , Khan M K R , Khan M N I
Published: February 2025

Currently, the utilization of cobalt-based soft magnetic nanocrystalline powders spans various technological domains, encompassing magnetic heads and shields, magnetic sensors, biomedical advancements, ferro-fluid technology, among other notable applications. Herein, we elucidate the impact of the presence of oxygen on CoPt magnetic nanoparticles prepared through an easy and economical sol-gel route, and annealed at 800 °C for 3 hours in an air ambient, for the first time. The structural, elemental, morphological, vibrational and magnetic properties were investigated by XRD, TEM, FTIR spectroscopy and VSM techniques. The XRD analysis yields the tetragonal unit cell dimensions of a= 3.843 Å and c= 3.754 Å. Lattice parameters are also calculated from SAED patterns which are well agreed with the value obtained from XRD peaks. The average crystalline size calculated from W-H plot was 34 nm. EDS spectra confirmed the presence of Co, Pt and oxygen without any magnetic impurities. The average size of nanoparticles, measured from TEM images of the as-prepared nanopowder, was 67 nm, which decreased to 40 nm after annealing in air atmosphere at 800 °C for 3 hours. The magnetic coercivity value of annealed nanoparticles was 204 Oe, which is considerably smaller compared to values reported in other published research. This difference can be attributed to the presence of oxygen, revealing the soft ferromagnetic nature of the nanoparticles.
Bangladesh Journal of Physics, Vol. 31, Issue 1, pp. 43 – 51, June 2024
Decoding the revolution of total arterial coronary artery bypass graft surgery
Authors: Ranjan Redoy , Momin Aziz
Published: February 2025

Not available
Relation of smoking behaviour with severity of COVID-19 infections in a sample of Iraqi patients
Authors: Noel Khalida Ibrahim , Khamees Nibras Hatim , Shukri Mohammed Emad , Ghanim Rana Hani
Published: February 2025

Not available
Study on Volume of Cerebellum in Bangladeshi Cadaver
Authors: Haque A Q M Ataul , Khalil Mohsin , Sultana Seheli Zannat , Uddin Md  Mesbah , Jahan Sharmin , Hossain Muazzem , Shammi Nasrin Jahan , Dey Prosenjit
Published: February 2025

This cross sectional descriptive study was done by using nonprobability sampling technique and performed by examining 63 (sixty three) cerebellum. Out of them 40 postmortem human cerebellum collected from Bangladeshi cadavers of both sexes (male 25 and female 15) age ranging from 5 to 60 years and 23 cerebellums from caesarian section of intrauterine death cases of both sex (male 14 and female 9) age ranging from 34 wks to 41 wks. of gestation. Specimens were collected from dead bodies autopsied on different dates from April' 2009 to September 2009 at the autopsy laboratory of department of Forensic Medicine and prenatal cases from Gynaecology and Obstetrics Department of Mymensingh Medical College, Mymensingh. The collected specimens were grouped into three age groups like Group A (28 to 42 weeks of gestation), Group B (5 to 30 years) and Group C (31 to 60 years) and, two sex groups (male and female). Volume of the cerebellum was measured by applying the principle of fluid displacement method (Brown et al 1986) with the help of a 1000 ml beaker and 1000 ml cylinder. After placing the cerebellum in the beaker, water was gradually added to it from a measuring cylinder which was previously filled with 500 ml of water and then the beaker was filled exactly up to 500 marking. The remaining portion of water in the cylinder, which indicates the amount of displaced fluid by the cerebellum, was exactly recorded and was expressed in milliliter (ml). The measurement was taken after fixation into 10% formol saline. The mean (SD) volume was in Group A 15.48±2.85 ml, B 117.74+15.01ml and C 108.60±15.59 ml respectively and it was also observed that the mean volume of the cerebellum increased with age upto certain level then slightly decreased in the late age Group C. The mean volume was maximum in Group B (117.74 ml) and was minimum in Group A (15.48 ml). The mean difference of the cerebellar volume between Groups A&B, A&C was statistically highly significant but differences between B&C was also statistically significant at p <0.05 level.
J. Dhaka National Med. Coll. Hos. 2015; 21 (02):15-18
Assessment of Body Mass Index (BMI) in Under-graduate Medical Students
Authors: Farah Shayela , Ferdousi Jannatul , Nayem Mohammad , Karim Mohoshina
Published: February 2025

Background: Dietary habits and physical activity play an important role in maintaining a healthy body mass index. Studies among medical students worldwide report high burden of underweight (10 to 20.5%) and obesity (11.7 to 23.1%).
Objective: To assess the nutritional status of the undergraduate medical students in Dhaka city. Methodology: The present study was a descriptive type of cross sectional study conducted at Dhaka Community Medical College and Hospital, Dhaka during February to April 2014. The target population consisted of 287 students from first, second year and third year (age 19-21 years) was included.
Results: Of total 287 students, 152(53%) were male and 135 (47%) female. About half of the respondents were found with healthy weight 139 (48.43%) whereas obese and overweight were respectively 58(20.21%), 33 ( 11.50%) with average BMI 21.7245 (±3.485). Statistically highly significant (p <0.001) relationship between BMI category and sex, educational status of the students were found.
Conclusion: Awareness programme are needed to rectify the situation so the students can have normal BMI and decreased incidence of clinical problems associated abnormal BMI.
J. Dhaka National Med. Coll. Hos. 2015; 21 (02): 46-50
Superficial corneal foreign body (FB) removal with magnifying loupe versus slit lamp and the effect of patching versus without patching-A comparative study
Authors: Chowdhury Md  Shaheen Reza , Salek Md  Abdul , Islam Nazrul
Published: February 2025

Purpose To observe the outcome of superficial corneal foreign body removal with Slit lamp & Magnifying Loupe, effect of healing and pain relief with or without patching.
Methods A prospective random study was conducted at Dhaka National Medical College from 01 January- 2012 to 31st December-2014. 200 eye of 150 patients who presented with superficial corneal FB in Ophthalmology department were studied. Inclusion criteria includes only superficial corneal FB. Exclusion criteria were conjunctival foreign body, Intraocular foreign body, patients below 10 yrs age. Verbal consent was obtained.
Observation parameters included Superficial corneal foreign body removal with slit lamp 100(50%) and by magnifying loupe 100(50%) and using 26g hypodermic needles. All foreign bodies removed under topical anesthesia. Half of the patients were provided with eye patch and half without patch.                                                                                                                                   
Result Male were 144 (96%) and rest female. 120 (80%) of the patients are 15-40 years. Rust mark remain 20(10%) eyes with loupe removal. Two cases developed dimness of vision due to corneal scar. Time of resolution was 5.35±1.52 days. Three patients developed infectious keratitis. Most patients 96(64%) attempted to remove FBS by themselves. Scar marks were more in self removal as wel as loupe removal group. Healing time was same in both types but pain relives was more in with patching. Patching was more effective in abrasion of more than 10 mm size. Patch causes loss of binocular vision temporarily but fill better then without patch.
Conclusion Slit lamp removal is better in case of metallic FB, since the rust can be removed meticulously. Post removal patch and without patch had same effect on healing but pain relief was better with patching.
J. Dhaka National Med. Coll. Hos. 2015; 21 (02): 51-54
Rupture of a previously scarred uterus along with rupture bladder- an obstetric catastrophe
Authors: Parveen Neaz T , Saheen Nasima , Munni N , R Atiar , Mohshinuzzaman
Published: February 2025

Rupture uterus is a deadly obstetric emergency endangering the lives of both mother and fetus. Improved obstetric care reduces the rupture from obstructed labour but there has been increased prevalence of scar rupture, following an increase in incidence of caesarean delivery. Serious maternal bladder injury at the time of uterine rupture remains a risk of attempted vaginal birth after previous caesarean section (VBAC).
Here we present a case of rupture uterus & bladder in a 29 years old 4th gravida p2+1 female presenting at East West Medical College (EWMC) hospital, Dhaka with 39 weeks pregnancy and came in shock. Successful emergency surgery and resuscitation saved her life. Ruptured uterus and ruptured bladder were found and fetus was fresh stillborn male weighing (3kg). Repair of rupture uterus and bladder was undertaken
J.Dhaka National Med. Coll. Hos. 2015; 21 (02): 61-64
Distribution of diseases among Children under 15 years of age Admitted in Dhaka National Medical College Hospital (DNMCH)
Authors: Karim Rashidul , Uddin Sultan , Rahman Md Saifur
Published: February 2025

Background: Children of under 15 comprises one third of our population and more than half of total deaths occurs in this group which is the major health problem of our country. An understanding of epidemiological trend in hospital admissions including disease pattern, is critical for health care planning, including effective case management strategies, appropriate resource allocation and improving existing services facilities.
Objectives: To evaluate the disease pattern among children for reducing the morbidity and mortality rate and also to identify the demographic profile of the patients attending in the department of paediatric, Dhaka National Medical College Hospital (DNMCH).
Materials and Methods: This was a prospective study. Sample collected of all patients admitted in the department of pediatrics, DNMCH, from 1st Jan 2015 to 30th June 2015 were analyzed. Result: Total 432 patients (aged 1 day to 12 years) were admitted during this study period; among them Neonate 19.21%, Infant (1month-12 month) 24.30%, preschool age group (1-5 years) 33.56% and children (6 years-12 years age) 22.9%. Among the admitted cases, Acute Respiratory Infection (ARI) 53%, Diarrhoea (33.33%), Bronchial Asthma (4.76%), Enteric fever (2.86%) in infant (1-12 month age group). Enteric fever and Diarrhoea, were found as top two causes of admission in Preschool age (1-5 yrs age group) and Children (6-12 yrs age group). Most frequent five diseases in case of neonates (1-28 days age group) from admission are shown in this study. Among the admitted neonates, Perinatal Asphyxia (30.12% ), Neonatal Jaundice (24.09% ), Neonatal Sepsis ( 20.48%), preterm Low Birth Wt. (18.07%), Intra uterine growth retardation (IUGR) 3.6%. Maximum of our patients are found male (51.62%) and 48.38% are female. The maximum patients about 74.54% have come form old part of Dhaka city. Among the admitted patients live in concrete house about 48.61% and 41.67% housing are semi-concrete. The patients family member are (4-5 person) about 52.55%, 45.83% family member are (2-3 person).
Conclusion: Finding of this study helps us to understand Paediatric admission trend and disease pattern of this institution, which are essential for health sector planning, including effective case-management strategies
J. Dhaka National Med. Coll. Hos. 2016; 22 (01): 18-23
Pattern of Lipid Profile in Patients with Cholelithiasis
Authors: Rahman Md Maruf Ur , Nayem Mohammad , Saha Santwana , Begum Wazeda , Islam Tanzida , Rahman Md Motiar
Published: February 2025

Background: Cholelithiasis is one of the most common surgical problem and gastrointestinal diseases throughout the world but its pathogenesis remains unclear. Lipid in the blood play a key role in the aetiology of cholelithiasis. Especially in cholesterol gallstones formation blood lipids are altered which is suggestive of metabolic syndrome. Multiple studies have shown that there is an association between gallstones and abnormal lipids. There is no previous study to explore the pattern of lipid profile in patients with cholelithiasis in Bangladesh. The aim of this study was to evaluate the pattern of lipid profile in patients with cholelithiasis.
Methods: This cross sectional study was carried out on patients based on clinical and imaging features confirming symptomatic cholelithiasis patients. In this study 100 confirmed patients of cholelithiasis aged 30 to 70 years of both male & female were included as cases & 100 age & sex matched healthy subjects were included as controls. Serum total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol & serum triglycerides level were estimated by enzymatic method. Serum LDL-cholesterol was calculated by Fried walds formula. The groups were compared by using Student's t-test, p<0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Results: There was a significant increase in serum total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, serum triglycerides and a significant decrease in HDL-cholesterol in cholelithiasis patients as compared to control subjects.
Conclusion: The study showed that elevated serum total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, serum triglycerides and decreased levels of HDL-cholesterol were present in patients with cholelithiasis
J. Dhaka National Med. Coll. Hos. 2016; 22 (01): 45-49
Estimation of Frequencies of Different 'Form's of Illustration in Two Developmental Anatomy Textbooks Commonly Recommended to the Medical Undergraduates of Bangladesh
Authors: Uddin Md Mesbah , Shamim Khondkar Manzare
Published: February 2025

Context: Medical education has entered a new era at all levels. Innovations are being in introduced in teaching-learning methods and tools. Developmental Anatomy is an intensely visual subject for many medical students, as they must conceptualise a series of complex developmental events that occur over a period of time. Effective teaching materials are not found in most of the institutions. The illustrations can be used as a handy tool to understand the complex developmental events and mechanisms.
Objectives: To analyse the presentation of illustrations in two Developmental Anatomy textbooks commonly recommended to the medical undergraduates of Bangladesh in order to determine the frequencies of different 'form's of illustration.
Design, place and period of the study: The present study was a descriptive observational study involving quantitative analyses. It was carried out in the Department of Anatomy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka, between January 2008 to December 2008.
 Materials and methods: Two most commonly recommended textbooks to the medical undergraduates of Bangladesh were selected for analysing their presentation of illustrations. Six 'form's of illustration (diagram, photograph, photomicrgraph, scanning electron microgaph, diagnostic image and others) based on how they have been created and how they look like were identified. The frequency of each 'form' was also determined.
Results: The mean frequency of a specific 'form' of illustration is the highest for 'diagram' (87.35 ±7.83)%, and the lowest for 'scanning electron micrograph' (1.32 ± 1.87)%.
Conclusions: Incorporating the findings of the present study with the modern ideas and trends in teaching-learning of Developmental Anatomy and Genetics, suggestions could be formulated on improving the methods of teaching-learning of Developmental Anatomy and Genetics in Bangladesh
J. Dhaka National Med. Coll. Hos. 2016; 22 (02): 41-46
Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of Family Planning among Women of Reproductive Age
Authors: Sultana Nahid , Ferdousi Jannatul , Sultana Nasrin
Published: February 2025

Background: Family planning is regarded as an important preventive measure against maternal and child morbidity and mortality. This study was aimed at determining the knowledge, attitude and use of family planning methods among women of reproductive age (15-49 yrs.) attending indoor and outdoor department of Dhaka National Medical College & Hospital.
Objective: The aim of this study was to explore the awareness and practice of family planning among women of reproductive age.
Material and methods: This descriptive cross sectional study was conducted among the women of reproductive age attending indoor and outdoor department of Dhaka National Medical College. Data was collected by face to face interview with pre-tested questionnaire.
Place and period of study: The study was conducted during September 2012 to October2013 in Dhaka National Medical College.
Result: 200 female of reproductive age were studied. The mean age was 27.52±5.2. Of the total subjects 194 (97%) were aware of contraception. 182 (91%) used contraceptive methods and 18 (9%) did not. Religious prohibition, in-laws disapproval, husband disapproval, need more child and lack of awareness act as a barrier in using contraceptive methods. Of the contraceptive user 171 (93.9%) used temporary methods and 11 (6%) used permanent methods. Those who used temporary methods, majority 99 (58%) used hormonal preparation followed by 50 (29.2%) used barrier methods, 16 (9.3%) used natural method and 6 (3.5%) used IUDs. of the permanent method user 9 (81.8%) had tubectomy and 2 (18.2%) husband had vasectomy.
Conclusion: This study concludes that there is a gap among knowledge, attitude and practice in the use of family planning methods. Though most of them use contraceptive methods but some social factors affect the practice. So effective couple counseling should be done.
J, Dhaka National Med. Coll. Hos. 2017; 23 (01): 08-11
"Prospective study of outcome of 480 arteriovenous fistulas in patient with end stage renal disease" - A single center experience
Authors: Amin M R , Sikder A H , Molla M R , Rahman M M , Kazi Begum Dilruba , Hossain Sharmin , Rashid H U
Published: February 2025

Background: Patients with End Stage Renal Disease Undergo artereovenous fistulas for Haemodialysis with variable outcomes.
Aims: The arteriovenousfistal is the preferred vascular access for haemodialysis in patients with end stage renal disease. This prospective study was aimed to evaluate the outcome, patency predictors & primary failure rate of 480 arteriovenous fistulas.
Materials and Methods: This prospective study was conducted at Kidney Foundation Hospital & Research Institute, Dhaka, Bangladesh from 1st January, 2014 through 31st December, 2014. 480 patients age ranged from 14 to 70 years with End Stage Renal Disease were included in this study. The patients who died or lost during this period were excluded from this study. All patients before surgery, underwent thorough relevant medical history, physical examination that included examination of upper limb arterial pulses, blood pressure, body temperature, oedema, etc. Left upper limb was chosen for 370 patients and right upper limb was chosen for 110 patients.
Results: Majority of the patients (73%) were between the age of 40 to 70 years and male patients were predominant (56.25%) out of total 480 patients. Twenty four (5%) patients had primary failure, Fifty eight (12.08%) patients had secondary failure. So, total failure rate was 17.08%. Remaining 398 (82.92%) arteriovenousfistula were suitable for haemodialysis during this study period. The causes of AVF failure were thrombosis, aneurysm, stenosis, infection &haemorrhage.
Conclusion: Haemodialysis remains the commonest mode of renal replacement therapy for end stage renal disease patients. Arteriovenous fistula is the reliable mode of vascular access for haemodialysis in end stage renal disease patients. A good functioning AVF provides effective haemodialysis with fewer risk & complications. Effort should therefore be made to give knowledge for the doctors, dialysis staff and patients to achieve a more successful outcome.
J. Dhaka National Med. Coll. Hos. 2017; 23 (01): 12-15
Prophylactic use of Ciprofloxacin-Metronidazole and Ceftriaxone-Metronidazole in appendectomy & cholecystectomy in Dhaka National Medical College Hospital
Authors: Saha Shusmita , Chowdhury Achinta N , Ashrafuzzaman Syed
Published: February 2025

Appendectomy & Cholecystectomy are common abdominal operation worldwide. Before surgery, antibiotics are usually used in hospitals to avoid post-operative complications. 150 patients (age range 20-45 years) were taken from Dhaka National Medical College Hospital for interventional study. When patients were selected for appendectomy or cholecystectomy, either ciprofloxacin plus metronidazole or ceftriaxone plus metronidazole were given intravenously. The patients were divided into 2 groups. Group I received drugs ciprofloxacin plus metronidazole and group II received drugs ceftriaxone plus metronidazole. There were 48 & 27 cases of appendicitis in group I & group II respectively and 27 & 48 cases of cholecystitis in group I & group II respectively out of total 150 study subjects. It was observed that the rate of infection was 8% in group I and 10.6% in group II.
J. Dhaka National Med. Coll. Hos. 2017; 23 (01): 26-28
Use of Carbetocin versus Oxytocin for the Prevention of Postpartum Haemorrhage following Caesarean section in Dhaka National Medical College Hospital- An Interventional comparative study
Authors: Kobra Khodeza Tul , Begum Nasima , Arzu Jahanara
Published: February 2025

Background: Postpartum haemorrhage (PPH) is the leading cause of maternal death worldwide. It is a preventable event in abdominal and vaginal deliveries. Preventive measures include prophylactic drug use to aid uterine contraction after delivery, thus avoiding severe blood loss and reducing maternal morbidity and mortality. Carbetocin is a synthetic analogue of oxytocin with a half-life approximately 4-10 times longer than that reported for oxytocin. It combines the safety and tolerability profile of oxytocin with the sustained uterotonic activity of injectable ergot alkaloids.
 Objectives: The objective was to compare the effectiveness of carbetocin and oxytocin when administered after uncomplicated cesarean section (CS) for the prevention of postpartum haemorrhage.
Study Design: This is a prospective randomized controlled study comparing the use of carbetocin and oxytocin for the prevention of postpartum haemorrhage following caesarean section of patients admitted at Obstetrics & Gynaecology department of Dhaka National Medical Institute Hospital (DNMIH) from January 2014 to December 2014.
Materials and Methods: A total of 240 patients undergoing caesarean section were randomized to carbetocin (N=120) and oxytocin (N=120) for the prevention of postpartum haemorrhage and analyzed by intention to treat. Women in the carbetocin group (Group A) received a IV bolus of 100μg carbetocin and women in the oxytocin (control) group (Group B) received a IV bolus of 10 IU oxytocin. Baseline demographic and obstetric profile, indications for CS, estimated blood loss, hemoglobin, need for uterine massage, additional uterotonics, uterine tone and involution were compared immediate post-operative and 2 hours after.
Results: Baseline profiles were similar between the two groups. Post-operatively, hemoglobin levels in the carbetocin group were statistically significant and were associated with lesser need for additional uterotonic agents, uterine massage and a well contracted uterus immediate post-operative and 2 hours thereafter. The estimated blood loss was significantly lower in the carbetocin group and blood transfusion required more in oxytocin group however, the two groups did not significantly differ in terms of post-operative blood pressure.
Conclusion: Carbetocin as an uterotonic agent is an acceptable alternative for the prevention of postpartum bleeding in cesarean section. A cost-benefit analysis is mandated.
J. Dhaka National Med. Coll. Hos. 2017; 23 (01): 40-46
Precautionary measures taken by Rural Women of Reproductive age after Sustaining Mental Trauma due to Domestic Violence
Authors: Zareen Afshan
Published: February 2025

Background: Patriarchal social system is ruling the world hence there is a lack of power balance between females and males.
Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional, descriptive study was carried out in different households in rural areas of Keraniganj Upazilla of Dhaka district between March 2016 and June 2016. The study population comprised of married women of reproductive age group (15-49 years) with a sample size of 201. Purposive sampling technique was applied. An interviewer administered structured questionnaire was developed and used after pre-testing to collect primary data. Data was collected by face to face interview of the respondents by the researchers during data collection period. After collection, data were checked and verified. Omissions and errors were corrected properly. Data were analyzed by using Social Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS version 22).
Results: Most (71.70%) women did not take any precautionary measures to stop domestic violence. Only less than half of this category took precautionary measures. There was no statistical association between age and taking precautionary measures by the victims (P>0.05) as well as between occupation and taking precautionary measures by the victims (P>0.05). A large percentage (59.6%) of the victims tried to discuss the problem with their husbands to stop violence with the second largest category (30.8%) tried to get help from their members of paternal side. Maximum (29.5%) of the categories did not take any precautionary measures because of financial incapability. Lack of social security, personal helplessness, social taboo or stigma as a barrier for not taking any precautionary measures were 24.2% and 23.5%, 22.0% respectively.
Conclusion: Women should be made aware of their rights and facilities available to combat the adverse effects of domestic violence.
J. Dhaka National Med. Coll. Hos. 2017; 23 (01): 47-50
The Forensic Resonance Revolution
Authors: A Vass Arpad
Published: February 2025

Locating skeletal elements scattered on the surface of the ground or human remains contained within clandestine graves, continues to be one of the greatest challenges for law enforcement, the military, and human rights organizations worldwide. This is for two reasons: 1) no two scenarios are the same since each scene or location has different taphonomic parameters; and 2) no detection method formerly available is specifically designed to locate human bone or tissue at a distance. This manuscript describes the scientific concepts (the piezoelectric properties of bone and/or unique identifying resonance frequencies found in both living and deceased individuals) used in the development of new technology which was then used to locate a deceased woman who had been missing for 3 to 4 weeks prior. This technology transmits electrical energy through the ground, and because of the crystalline nature of both bone and DNA, allows for the detection of specific human remains using resonance frequencies in the sub KHz range at a distance of many miles.
Evaluasi Pelaksanaan Clinical Skills Laboratory berbasis Pembelajaran Jarak Jauh Fakultas Kedokteran Gigi Universitas YARSI
Authors: Hatta Ridhayani , Ardinansyah Agus
Published: February 2025

Background: During the COVID-19 pandemic, all Faculty of Dentistry in Indonesia conducted online theoretical learning. However, the clinical skills learning could not be implemented because it is hampered by limited facilities and infrastructure. Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas YARSI tries to develop a method of implementing a distance learning-based skills laboratory so that the activities can still be carried out. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the implementation of a distance learning-based clinical skills laboratory (CSL), Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas YARSI. Methods: The research was conducted with a descriptive observational and cross-sectional study design on all undergraduate students of the Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas YARSI who took part in distance learning-based CSL, by filling out a modified questionnaire. Results: The preparation, implementation, lecturers, and instructors of the distance learning-based CSL have been carried out well and are an alternative to face-to-face learning, students also did not experience significant obstacles in their learning process. Conclusion: The implementation of distance learning-based CSL, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas YARSI can be an option for skills lab that cannot be done face-to-face, by maximizing all methods used, learning objectives can still be achieved.
Peran Trait Mindfulness terhadap Regulasi Emosi pada Remaja Panti Asuhan
Authors: Ulfah Uthami , Fourianalistyawati Endang
Published: February 2025

Remaja yang tinggal di panti asuhan mengalami prevalensi permasalahan tinggi terhadap gangguan emosi seperti kepribadian yang inferior, pasif, apatis, menarik diri, mudah putus asa, penuh dengan ketakutan dan kecemasan. Disamping itu, remaja panti asuhan menunjukkan perilaku yang negatif, takut melakukan kontak dengan orang lain, lebih suka sendirian, menunjukkan rasa bermusuhan, lebih egosentrisme. Masalah emosi itu cukup mendominasi dalam hal perkembangan remaja panti asuhan. Oleh karena itu remaja panti asuhan diharapkan mampu meregulasi emosi dalam kehidupannya. Salah satu cara untuk meregulasi emosi dengan baik adalah dengan trait mindfulness. Dalam hal ini tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui peran trait mindfulness terhadap regulasi emosi pada remaja Panti Asuhan. Alat ukur pada penelitian ini menggunakan Mindful Attention Awareness Scale (MAAS) untuk mengukur trait mindfulness dan Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (ERQ) untuk mengukur regulasi emosi. Subjek penelitian ini sebanyak 68 remaja yang tinggal di panti asuhan Jabodetabek dengan rentang usia 11-20 tahun. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan peran yang signifikan dari trait mindfulness terhadap regulasi emosi cognitive reappraisal (R=0.074 dengan nilai sig. 0.025<0.05). sementara itu tidak terdapat peran yang signifikan dari trait mindfulness terhadap regulasi emosi exppressive suppression (R=0.037 dengan nilai sig. 0.117> 0.05).
Facile Electrode Manufacturing Strategy for Ultra-Low Cobalt Consumption in Oxygen Evolution Reaction
Authors: Roh Hee Yoon , Yoon Ki-Yong , Jeong Jaehoon , Lee Kyung-Bok , Kim Dohyung , Kim Yangdo , Yang Juchan
Published: February 2025

Water splitting is a sustainable method of hydrogen production that is crucial for achieving carbon neutrality. However, the high cost of green hydrogen remains a major challenge. One strategy to reduce costs is the use of non-precious metal catalysts, such as Co, which is known for its excellent catalytic properties. However, the limited supply and increasing cost of Co pose challenges. In this study, we developed a method to significantly reduce Co usage in catalyst-coated substrates for anion exchange membrane water electrolysis. By incorporating a Co solution into the slurry during a printing transfer method with NiFe oxide, we achieved a 72-fold reduction in Co consumption while improving the overpotential by 12.9% (380 mV at 100 mA cm-2). In single-cell anion exchange membrane water electrolysis tests, the catalyst-coated substrate electrode delivered a current density of 900 mA cm-2 at 1.8 Vcell, outperforming NiFe oxide electrodes (630 mA cm-2). This strategy demonstrates a broadly applicable approach for reducing the use of expensive elements in green hydrogen production.
Pengembangan Bahan Ajar dengan Pendekatan Matematika Realistik untuk Memfasilitasi Kemampuan Pemahaman Matematis Siswa Fase D
Authors: Simatupang Anjela Putriani , Armis Armis , Yuanita Putri
Published: February 2025

This research is intended to develop SPLDV teaching materials by applying a realistic mathematics approach to facilitate the mathematical understanding skills of phase D students that achieve the validity and practicality requirements. The development flow is guided by the 4-D model, which includes the Define, Design, Develop, and Disseminate stages. To assess the validity of teaching materials, a validation process was carried out involving three experts. Meanwhile, data on the practicality of teaching materials were obtained through testing phase D VIII class students. The results of the validation of teaching materials obtained are very valid with an average of 88.64%. Meanwhile, the practicality results in the small group trial were "very practical" with an average of 89.49%. While on a large-scale practicality, the results were "very practical" with an average of 88.01%. These results indicate that the application of the realistic mathematics approach to SPLDV content teaching materials is very effective, because it can facilitate students' mathematical understanding skills. Thus, this teaching material is proven to be valid and practical, and can encourage the development of students' KPM phase D.
Perbedaan Tingkat Aktivitas Fisik Terhadap Keluhan Muskuloskeletal dan Kualitas Hidup Wanita Menopause
Authors: Andayani Ni Luh Nopi , Wibawa Ari , Pramita Indah , Guna I Wayan Adi Wira
Published: February 2025

Semua wanita dalam hidupnya akan mengalami menopause. Menopause merupakan periode seorang wanita mengalami kejadian siklus menstruasi untuk terakhir kalinya. Menopause akan menyebabkan terjadinya menopausal symptoms yang berefek pada perubahan system tubuh serta aktivitas fisik seorang wanita. Perubahan system tubuh yang terjadi salah satunya system muskuloskeletal yang akan menyebabkan berbagai keluhan musculoskeletal seperti nyeri dan rasa tidak nyaman yang akan berpengaruh pada kualitas hidup seorang wanita. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian obervasional analitik dengan rancangan Cross Sectional. Populasi pada penelitian ini adalah wanita berusia 45-55 tahun yang telah mengalami menopause dalam periode waktu 12 bulan.Instrumen penelitian ini menggunakan kusisioner Global Physical Activity Questionnaire untuk mengukur tingkat aktivitas fisik, Nordic Body Map untuk mengukur keluhan muskuloskeletal dan WHOQOL-BREF untuk mengukur tingkat kualitas hidup. Hasil penelitian ini didapatkan perbedaan signifikan pada tingkat aktivitas fisik dan kualitas hidup dengan nilai p = 0,002 (p<0,005), namun tidak ditemukan adanya perbedaan yang signifikan antara tingkat aktivitas fisik dengan keluhan muskuloskeletal. Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah adanya perbedaan tingkat aktivitas fisik terhadap kualitas hidup pada wanita menopause, sedangkan tidak ditemukan perbedaan yang bermakna antara tingkat aktivitas fisik dengan keluhan muskuloseletal pada wanita menopause.
Analisis Postur Pengupas Bawang Merah Di Daerah Menden, Blora, Dengan Menggunakan Nordic Body Map Dan REBA
Authors: Rosadi Rakhmad , Wardojo Sri Sunaringsih Ika , Fajrin Inayati
Published: February 2025

Pekerja sektor pertanian di Indonesia merupakan sektor pekerjaan yang masih banyak membutuhkan proses manual. Di daerah Goito, Menden khususnya petani banyak menanam bawang merah. Proses menanam sampai dengan panen dilakukan secara manual. Dalam tahap panen dan membersihkan bawang merah dari daunnya tenaga kerja bekerja dengan postur kerja duduk selonjor, membungkuk. Postur kerja duduk selonjoran kaki dan membungkuk mengurangi kenyamanan tenaga kerja. Postur kerja seperti itu kurang ergonomis dan berpotensi menimbulkan risiko musculoskeletal disorder. Metode REBA cocok untuk memecahkan masalah tersebut. REBA adalah merupakan metode yang digunakan dalam analisa postur kerja. Metode REBA digunakan secara cepat untuk menilai postur leher, punggung, lengan, pergelangan tangan, dan kaki seorang pekerja. Tahapan awal penelitian adalah melakukan pembagian kuesioner Nordic Body Map (NBM). NBM bertujuan mengetahui keluhan bagian tubuh sebelum dan sesudah bekerja. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui mengetahui keluhan fisik yang dirasakan oleh pekerja pada proses pengupasan bawang merah. Penelitian. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan nilai R (Koefisien Korelasi) sebesar 0,761maka dapat disimpulkan tingkat hubungan antara NBM sebelum dan NBM setelah terhadap Usia secara simultan memiliki hubungan yang kuat. Hal ini dapat dilihat dalam Pedoman Derajat Hubungan (KoefisienKorelasi). Berdasarkan hasil output “Paired Sample Test”, diketahui nilai Sig. (2-tailed) adalah sebesar 0,000 ˂ 0.05, maka H0 ditolak dan Ha diterima. Sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa ada perbedaan rata-rata antara NBM sebelum dengan NBM setelah yang artinya ada pengaruh.Dan penghitungan dengan metode REBA mendapatkan hasil nilai skor akhir atau skor C = 7 yang artinya tingkat resiko sedang, dan diperlukan tindakan perbaikan postur bekerja.
Perbedaan Tingkat Kebugaran Jasmani Terhadap Fungsi Kognitif Pria Dewasa Di Badung
Authors: Wibawa Ari , Andayani Ni Luh Nopi , Saraswati Putu Ayu Sita
Published: February 2025

Aktivitas fisik pada masa kini cenderung menurun pada saat fase remaja akhir dan dewasa awal berdampak pada penurunan kebugaran fisik. Kebugaran yang menurun cenderung terjadi pada individu yang tidak aktif dan menjalani pola hidup yang menetap. Kondisi tersebut berpotensi memilikifungsi kognitif yang buruk . Penelitian ini merupakan observasional analitik dengan cross sectional. Populasi dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 92 pria dewasa usia 20-35 tahun di Desa Darmasaba, Kecamatan Abiansemal, Kabupaten Badung. Instrument pengukuran tingkat kebugaran jasmani dengan Harvard step test dan fungsi kognitif dengan Stroop test . Hasil analisis menunjukkan nilai p sebesar 0.348 (p>0,05) pada uji Mann Whitney U Test. Kesimpulan dalam penelitian ini adalah tidak perbedaan yang siginifikan antara tingkat kebugaran jasmani dengan fungsi kognitif pada pria dewasa di Badung
Manajemen Fisioterapi pada Coronary Artery Disease 3 Vessel Disease (CAD 3 VD) NSTEMI Pre Operasi CABG
Authors: Kusuma R. Fitra Anggreni , Muhtadina Dina Nur , Irianto Irianto , Muhammad Ismail
Published: February 2025

Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) menjadi bentuk penyakit jantung yang paling umum, dimana kondisi ini disebabkan karena perubahan pembuluh darah arteri yang mensuplai jantung. Kondisi CAD juga digunakan untuk menggambarkan berbagai gangguan klinis, salah satunya yaitu Non-ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction (NSTEMI). Salah satu cara yang dinilai efektif dalam pengobatan CAD yaitu dengan melakukan Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting (CABG). Fisioterapi sebagai bagian dari rehabilitasi jantung memiliki peran dalam penanganan pasien pre operasi serta post operasi. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk memberikan gambaran manajemen fisioterpai pre operasi CABG dengan kondisi CAD 3 VD NSTEMI. Studi ini merupakan laporan kasus yang diperoleh melalui autoanamnesis, alloanamnesis, dan pemeriksaan fisik. Pasien Perempuan usia 40 tahun melakukan tindakan fisioterapi. Hasil positif pada penurunan nyeri dada dan tingkat kecemasan. Laporan kasus ini menggambarkan presentasi klinis serta manajemen fisioterapi pre operasi dengan mempertimbangkan kondisi pasien seperti presentasi klinis pasien.
Ultrasound Diathermy dan Exercise untuk Mengurangi Permasalahan Fisioterapi pada Pasien Carpal Tunnel Syndrome (CTS)
Authors: Martha Anastasia Putu , Dila Teju Selly Omega , Purwantini Dwi , Anggraheni Lidya Okta , Retnaningtyas Nur Nissa , Yoelando Maleakhi Deo Martinov
Published: February 2025

Hilangnya keterampilan motorik dan sensasi merupakan masalah bagi pasien carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS). Kasus dalam penelitian ini melibatkan 3 orang wanita berusia di atas 40 tahun yang bekerja pada pekerjaan yang banyak melibatkan gerakan pergelangan tangan berulang-ulang. Kapasitas fungsional pasien menunjukkan bahwa pasien mampu melakukan pekerjaan rumah tangga namun masih diganggu oleh nyeri. Tes nyeri VAS menunjukkan nyeri saat berdiri diam, bergerak, atau menekan. Pengujian rentang gerak sendi (LGS) menunjukkan keterbatasan dalam fleksi-ekstensi pergelangan tangan. Pengujian sensorik dengan diskriminasi 2 poin memberikan hasil normal dan positif pada tes Pray, Tinnel dan Phalen. Diagnosa terapi fisik pada penelitian ini adalah adanya gangguan berupa nyeri dan keterbatasan gerak pada kasus 1 dan 2. Sedangkan pada kasus 3, permasalahan terapi fisik adalah nyeri dan keterbatasan gerak serta berkurangnya kekuatan otot genggaman. Dalam hal ini batasan fungsional adalah keterbatasan dalam melakukan tugas sehari-hari seperti bekerja, memasak, mengangkat 5 kg dan pekerjaan rumah tangga lainnya. Ketiga pasien tersebut tidak memiliki batasan dalam berpartisipasi karena walaupun pasien kesakitan, ia masih dapat berpartisipasi dalam aktivitas sehari-hari dan sosial. Masalah ini diatasi melalui intervensi USG diathermy (USD) yang bertujuan untuk mengurangi nyeri pergelangan tangan. terapi olahraga berupa mobilisasi saraf median dan perpindahan tendon, bertujuan untuk meningkatkan rentang gerak sendi dan mengurangi rasa kaku, serta latihan dengan bola untuk mengembalikan cengkeraman. Setelah 3 sesi pengobatan USD, mobilisasi selip saraf median dan tendon serta latihan bola pada pasien CTS dengan masalah nyeri, keterbatasan gerak dan penurunan kemampuan genggaman berhasil diintervensi, dengan hasil yang baik. Penilaian nyeri menggunakan VAS mengalami penurunan. LGS pada pergelangan tangan klien dan penilaian kapasitas fungsional PRWE secara bertahap membaik.
Pengaruh Isometric Exercise terhadap Penurunan Tekanan Darah pada Lansia dengan Hipertensi: Narrative Review
Authors: Dwiyanti Neriza , Pristianto Arif
Published: February 2025

Hipertensi menjadi penyebab utama kematian dini di seluruh dunia sehingga sering disebut sebagai “the silent killer”. Prevalensi hipertensi di Indonesia mengalami peningkatan menjadi 34,1% pada tahun 2018 dan banyak dialami kelompok lansia. Isometric exercise adalah suatu latihan yang bertujuan untuk mengaktivasi otot secara berkelanjutan dengan peningkatan ketegangan, tidak disertai dengan perubahan panjang jaringan otot yang diaktivasi dan tanpa perubahan sudut sendi. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh isometric exercise dalam menurunkan tekanan darah pada lansia dengan hipertensi dan metode isometric exercise apa saja yang dapat digunakan. Hasil: didapatkan 8 artikel dengan karakteristik pasien lansia dengan hipertensi tanpa penyakit penyerta. Mode latihan isometric exercise yang dapat diberikan yaitu isometric handgrip exercise, isometric wall squat, dan isometric leg exercise. Latihan mode isometric handgrip exercise dapat diberikan dengan frekuensi 3-4 kali per minggu, dilakukan selama 4x2 menit hingga 20-30% MVC, rest 1 menit, untuk penerapan mode latihan isometric wall squat dengan frekuensi 3 kali per minggu, wall squat dilakukan selama 4x2 menit, istirahat 2 menit antar sesi dan 95% HR maks, sedangkan dosis penerapan mode latihan leg isometric exercise dapat diberikan dengan frekuensi 3 kali per minggu, 4x2 menit hold dengan 20%MVC dan waktu istirahat 2 menit antar sesi, 85% HR maks. Simpulan penelitian ini adalah Isometric exercise dapat menurunkan tekanan darah pada lansia dengan hipertensi dengan mode latihan yaitu isometric handgrip exercise, isometric wall squat, dan isometric leg exercise.
Gambaran Karakteristik Pasien Pasca Rekonstruksi Anterior Cruciate Ligament Tahun 2021-2023
Authors: Adhim Zein Mauludil , Mustari Yery
Published: February 2025

Latar Belakang. Sendi lutut merupakan salah satu sendi yang paling sering mengalami cedera. Kejadian yang sering dan mengenai hampir setengah dari cedera lutut adalah Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL). Tujuan. Untuk mengetahui Karakteristik Pasien pasca rekonstruksi ACL yang berkunjung ke Klinik Physiocenter Makassar, Physiocenter Sorowako, dan Physiocenter Wawondula tahun 2021-2023. Metode. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif deskriptif dengan desain penelitian Cross sectional study melalui analisa data sekunder dari Rekam Medik Pasien di Klinik Physiocenter Makassar, Physiocenter Sorowako, dan Physiocenter Wawondula. Hasil. Usia pasien terbanyak adalah dewasa (26-45 tahun) yaitu 57.7%. Pasien didominasi laki-laki sebanyak 86.6%. Karyawan swasta merupakan profesi pasien terbanyak (44.3%). Mayoritas pasien merupakan pasien cedera pertama sebanyak 78.4%. Mekanisme trauma terbanyak adalah mekanisme non-kontak (67.0%). Mayoritas terjadi pada sisi lutut kanan sebanyak 56.7%. Dorongan berkunjung pasien didominasi arahan dokter sebanyak 71.1%. Jenis graft yang paling banyak digunakan pada proses rekonstruksi adalah HT autograft (62.9%). Penggunaan jumlah bundle terbanyak adalah single bundle sebanyak 68.0%. Jumlah komorbid pada pasien terbanyak adalah cedera meniskus sebanyak 53.6%. Sumber biaya terbanyak yang digunakan pasien adalah asuransi (51.5%). Kesimpulan. Pasien didominasi oleh kelompok usia dewasa, jenis kelamin laki-laki, profesi Karyawan swasta, cedera pertama dengan mekanisme non-kontak, serta mayoritas terjadi pada lutut kanan. Dorongan berkunjung terbanyak adalah arahan dokter. Mayoritas pasien menggunakan HT autograft, serta single bundle. Kebanyakan pasien memiliki komorbid meniskus, dengan sumber biaya asuransi.