bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Micro-Stress-Field of Lamellar Inclusion in Eutectic Composite Ceramic
Authors: Liu Xie Quan , Ni Xin Hua , Zhang Jing , Meng Xiang Feng
Published: October 2012

According to the interaction between lamellar inclusion and interphase, forth-phase model is suggested to determine the micro-stress-field distribution of three-phase cell in eutectic composite ceramic. On the basis of the volumetric average strain, the effective compliance tensor increment of eutectic composite ceramic is obtained. The remote stress boundary condition of the eutectic composite ceramic is accounted for getting the micro-stress-field of lamellar inclusion in eutectic composite ceramic. Analysis shows that the micro-stress-field of the lamellar inclusion in eutectic composite ceramic is associated with the stiffness and the volume fractions of each component in eutectic composite ceramic, the shape of interphase and lamellar inclusion. The-micro-stress field has apparent size effect: three direction stresses increase with the thickness of lamellar inclusion.
Application of Differential Transform Method to Buckling Problems at Pinned-Clamped Boundary Conditions
Authors: Han Ling Feng , Deng Na , Wu Shi Yuan
Published: October 2012

Differential Transform Method (DTM) is a new semi-analytical, semi-numerical algorithm, which transforms differential equations to the form of Taylor series. The method derives an approximate numerical solution based on Taylor series expansion, which is a analytical solution built on polynomial form. Traditional Taylor series method is used for symbolic computation, while the differential transform method obtained the solution of the polynomials through itineration calculations. Applying DTM to buckling problems, the critical length of a bar with pinned-clamped boundary condition is studied. The computational results are compared with analytical solutions and shown excellent agreement between those two algorithms. The method adds a new tool for computational engineering mechanics.
Numerical Analysis for Bolt Length Based on the Stress Response of Anchorage Surrounding Rock
Authors: Wang Bin , Zhao Fu Jun , Peng Wen Bin
Published: October 2012

The current researches on bolt length are rarely concerned with self-bearing characteristics of anchorage surrounding rock，its stress response is seldom used to analyze the bolt effective length. Tangential stress σθ of surrounding rock is sensitive to mechanical variation of surrounding rock plastic failure fields. When surrounding rock bolted, the distribution curve of σθ presents internal and external peak values from the surface rock to the deep rock, which is verified by numerical simulation. Internal peak value of σθ curve increases with the bolt length, which means the bearing capacity of surrounding rock in plastic failure division is improved, correspondingly, external peak value decreases which shows the supporting behavior of the deep rock is weakened. The results of numerical simulations prove that there exists an effective value of bolt length. If bolt length beyond it, the bearing capacity of anchorage surrounding rock cannot be improved obviously.
A Novel Numerical Method for Computing Stress Intensity Factors
Authors: Su Hai Dong , Qi Yong Feng
Published: October 2012

Based on Numerical Manifold Method (NMM), a novel method is presented for computing Stress Intensity Factor (SIF) of cracks. The Williams expansions are employed as the analytical solutions in the mesh containing the crack tip. And high-order polynomial functions are used as the numerical solutions in the surrounding meshes. Then the SIFs are computed via combination of the numerical solutions and the analytical solutions. Meanwhile, the meshes in NMM need not conform to the physical boundaries including the crack edges, allowing the cracks arbitrarily align within the meshes. The given example shows the validity of the method.
Correct Discrete-Continual Finite Element Method of Structural Analysis Based on Precise Analytical Solutions of Resulting Multipoint Boundary Problems for Systems of Ordinary Differential Equations
Authors: Akimov Pavel A.
Published: October 2012

The distinctive paper is devoted to correct discrete-continual finite element method (DCFEM) of structural analysis based on precise analytical solutions of resulting multipoint boundary problems for systems of ordinary differential equations with piecewise-constant coefficients. Corresponding semianalytical (discrete-continual) formulations are contemporary mathematical models which currently becoming available for computer realization. Major peculiarities of DCFEM include uni-versality, computer-oriented algorithm involving theory of distributions, computational stability, optimal conditionality of resulting systems and partial Jordan decompositions of matrices of coeffi-cients, eliminating necessity of calculation of root vectors.
Twist Velocity Model of Single Slide Skill on the U-Ground
Authors: Liu Xin Yun , Li Meng Yu , Zhang She Sheng
Published: October 2012

It is a hot research project of single slide skill on the U-ground in Winter Olympic Games. According to the force acting on the U side by snowboarder, considering Newton's second and third laws, the maximum twist formula are derived, the calculating results show that twist angle is increased up to 15% by using our model.
Numerical Analysis of Variation Law about Vertical Additional Force of Monolayer Shaft Lining
Authors: Liu Xi Liang , Hou Jun You
Published: October 2012

The shaft lining under the deep alluvium drainage and grouting settlement stratum are in the complex dynamic force state, the stresses of shaft lining have a relation to the consolidation settlement of strata, the transmission coefficient of bottom aquifer and the coupling effect between shaft lining and surrounding soil. To study the variation law about vertical additional force of shaft lining, this paper analyzes reinforced concrete monolayer shaft lining by numerical simulation method, obtaining that vertical additional force of monolayer shaft lining is proportional to the modulus of elasticity of shaft lining concrete and it is proportional logarithm to the transmission coefficient of bottom aquifer, meanwhile, founding that shaft lining’s stress-strain relationship is dynamic when the composite loads are applied and that the plastic zone of shaft lining is resulted from coupling of multiple loads. Therefore, decreasing the transmission coefficient of bottom aquifer and the elasticity modulus of shaft lining concrete is beneficial to reduce the vertical additional force of shaft lining and increases the stability of shaft lining.
Shock Wave Stress Concentration to Solve Large Drill-Jamming Problem
Authors: Sun Yu Xin , Li Rui Yu , Ding Ming , Shen Zhao Wu
Published: October 2012

We put forward a new specialty blasting method to solve drill-jamming based on stress concentration and stress wave theory. Drill-jamming accident of banji was successfully solved at the early 2006 through this method first: for this drill-jamming, study drilling tools and location of drill-jamming to find the weak position (Fig. 1); produce impact loading and form stress concentration (Fig. 3) at weak position by place well-designed explosive package at special position. Through many times controllable safe explosions and repeatedly impact loading, accurate fracture, separate sinker bar and the above parts from drill bit, this part raised up successfully (Fig. 7). The rest would be taken out after second reaming.
A CFD Simulation of Strouhal Number for U-Shaped Section Aqueducts
Authors: Li Yu Chun , Zhang Xiao Jie , Jia Shi Wen
Published: October 2012

The method of computational fluid dynamics (CFD, Fluent code) was applied to simulate the Strouhal numbers of the empty and fulfilled U-shaped sections. Based on the N-S equation and k-ε turbulence model, the effects of Reynolds numbers and height/width ratios of the sections on the Strouhal numbers were investigated. The results of this study show that the Reynolds number has little influence on the Strouhal numbers, which decrease with the increase of height/width ratios of the sections. The conclusion of present study provides a foundation for the further study of vortex-induced vibration of U-shaped aqueduct bridges.
Study on Critical Anchorage Length of Bolts by Numerical Simulation Method
Authors: Wang Bo , Zhou Jian Nan , Jin Feng Nian , Jiang Mei Rong
Published: October 2012

Numerical simulation method was used to study the problems on critical anchorage length of bolts. 3-D calculation model was built by FLAC program. By numerical simulation calculations, the conclusion could be drawn: the frictional resistance contribution had nothing to do with drawing forces, and was relevant to the bond stiffness of anchor mortar. And comparative analysis results of one engineering example showed that the calculated values by the presented method agreed well with the measured data.
Deterministic Method of Floor Rock Permeability Tensor of Mining over Confined Water and Application in Numerical Simulation
Authors: Liu Wei Tao , Shen Jian Jun , Liu Yun Juan
Published: October 2012

Based on equivalent continuum media theory of fractured rock mass, the author got the permeability tensor of floor strata in some mine according to core logging method, drilling imaging method and boring water injection method, and determined the floor rock permeability tensor using correction method. The author simulated the floor inrush problem by coupling fluid-solid theory and anisotropic flow model with FLAC3D software. The result shows that, the destroyed depth of floor and the confined water rising height are all slight when the coal mining workface is 150m apart from the fault, but they increase obviously when the coal mining workface is 30m apart from the fault, and are extremely easy to get through and casue water inrush through fault.
Research of Slope Stability Analysis Considering Rainfall Infiltration
Authors: Liu Jian Hua , Chen Zhi Min , He Wei
Published: October 2012

Based on the saturated-unsaturated seepage theory and considering soil-hydraulic permeability coefficient characteristic curves of rock slope, the variation of suction in unsaturated region and transient saturated zone formation of rock slope were analyzed. Combined with engineering example, the strength reduction methods were adopted to analyzing the rock slope stability influence factors considering unsaturated seepage with different rainfall intensity and duration. The results show that the flow domain owing to rainfall infiltration mainly appears surface layer region of slope. The rainfall infiltration caused the groundwater level rise, the rising of transient pore water pressure and the fall of suction in unsaturated region caused the slope stability decrease. The rainfall intensity and duration have obvious influence on slope stability, and in the same rainfall duration condition, the safety coefficient of slope decreases with the accretion of rainfall intensity. With the rainfall duration increasing, the water in soil has more deep infiltration, the water content and pore water pressure was higher in the same high position, the decreasing of suction caused the safety coefficient of slope has more reduce.
Research of Information Retrieval Based on Web Page Segmentation
Authors: Yu Yang Xin
Published: October 2012

A Web information retrieval algorithm based on Web page segment is designed, the key idea of which is to segment each Web page into different topic areas or segments according to its HTML tags and contents since Web pages are semi-structure. First, the algorithm builds a HTML tag tree, and then it combines nodes in the tree under the rule of content similarity and visual similarity. During the process of retrieval and ranking, the algorithm makes full use of the segmentation information to sequence the relevant pages. The experimental results show that this method is able to improve the precision in search significantly and it is also a good reference for the design of the future search engines.
Numerical Study of Wave Slamming on a Rectangular Slab
Authors: Lan Ya Mei , Guo Wen Hua , Li Yong Guo
Published: October 2012

The CFD software FLUENT was used as the foundation to develop the numerical wave flume, in which the governing equations are the Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) equations and the standard k~ε turbulence model. The wave generating and absorbing were introduced into the RANS equations as the source terms using the relaxation approach. A new module of the wave generating and absorbing function, which is suitable for FLUENT based on the volume of fluid method (VOF), was established. Within the numerical wave flume, the reflected waves from the model within the computation domain can be absorbed effectively before second reflection appears due to the wave generating boundary. The computational results of the wave pressures on the bottom of the rectangular slab were validated for the different relative clearance by the experimental data. Good agreements were found.
Review of Cumulative Deformation Models of Geotechnical Material under Cyclic Loading
Authors: Ding Zu De , Peng Li Min , Shi Cheng Hua , Huang Juan
Published: October 2012

The progress made in the research on the cumulative deformation forecast models of soft geotechnical material is reviewed in two aspects which from the experience model and the constitutive model. The main problems existed in the current research include: two kinds of calculation models need to be further improved and expanded; researches on soft rock dynamic constitutive models, efficient numerical methods and coupled dynamic constitutive models are very insufficient. The emphasis of further research should be as follows: a series of in-situ measurements should be carried out, the test equipment and method should be improved, the practical and efficient forecast models should be established; the researches on the water-rich soft rock and other special geological conditions under repeated track traffic load should be strengthened; make full use of various analysis theory and efficient means of calculation to improve the theoretical model and calculation method.
Analysis on Rheological Properties of Peat Soil in Kunming Area
Authors: Guo Yi Peng , Wang Xiao Nan , Lai Zheng Fa , Lv Jun Qing
Published: October 2012

Kunming area is adjacent to Dianchi Lake. Peat soil with high water content and high compressibility is widely distributed, rheological properties is one of the most important engineering properties of peat soil. However, compared with the peat soils in the other areas, the peat soil in Kunming area has different properties. This paper studied rheological properties of peat soil in Kunming area by using the creep test of loading and unloading, on the basis of the strain-time curves, parting linear visco-elasticity, linear visco-plasticity and nonlinear visco-plasticity from the total deformation. Research shows that: ①The deformation is mostly composed of unrecoverable deformation and there is instantaneous elastic strain, instantaneous plastic strain in total strain; ②In low stress level,the soil is rendered as visco-elasticity. However, when the stress level is high, the performance of soil is visco-plasticity; ③By stress-strain curve clusters, yield stress of peat soil is approximate to 3.6 kPa in Kunming; ④Along with the time, modulus of linear visco-elasticity tended to be stable.
Application of TEM in Goaf Exploration
Authors: Feng Shao Jie , Sun Shi Guo , Liu Wen Bo
Published: October 2012

The basic principle of transient electromagnetic method (TEM) is introduced in this paper, and it was used to explore position of the goaf which existed under Fushun east open-pit mining slope systematically. Inversion based on results of the exploration determines the location of dangerous abnormal area, provides a theory support for next exploration drilling, avoids too high economic loss because of blindly exploration drilling, and provides scientific basis for mining design and safety production of open-pit.
Research on the Rigid Homogenization Theory of Masonry Structures Based on Regular Tessellation Theory
Authors: Yang Chun Xia , Wu Ya Ying , Yang Wei Jun
Published: October 2012

Regular tessellation theory was firstly introduced to deconstruct cells and partition masonry periodically in two dimensions in this paper, the method of regular deconstruction of masonry structures was proposed. In addition, the relationship in mathematical models between the basic cells and RVE was explored, the basic cells and the corresponding RVE boundary and initial conditions was derived.
Study on Testing the Relative Density of Coarse Aggregate by Vacuum Method instead of Basket Method
Authors: Li Zhi , Zhu Feng
Published: October 2012

. In this paper, Vacuum Method was offered to test the relative density of coarse aggregate instead of basket method for the quick and exact mixture design of asphalt mixture. Firstly, the testing principle Vacuum Method was obtained by analyzing the experiment characteristic features of Vacuum Method and basket method. Secondly, the stability and accuracy of Vacuum Method were analyzed by testing the relative density of different kinds of coarse aggregate. Finally, the experiment conditions (the vacuum degree and pressure-holding time) were obtained through Comparison Experiment to the conventional basket method. The results show that the relative density of coarse aggregate can be tested quickly and exactly by Vacuum Method. This not only shortens the experiment time, but also raises working efficiency.
Study on Novel Structures the Coordinated Development between Urbanization and Water Environment in Huzhou City, China
Authors: Ma Shuang Shuang , Xu You Peng , Shao Yu Long
Published: October 2012

Taking Huzhou city as an example, the landscape spatial pattern and water quality were selected respectively as the space urbanization module and water environment level module, to construct the coupling coordination degree assessment index system. Entropy method was used to calculate the index weight and the comprehensive evaluation value of urbanization and water environment, and coupling coordination degree model to analyze the coordination degree between them. The results indicate that the coupling coordination degree between urbanization and water environment in the study period presented a fluctuation trend of deteriorating fist and improving afterwards, overall in barely coordination state, and the coordination function was weak. The coupling coordination types show a volatility trend in the way of urbanization lag-water environment retarded-urbanization lag. Analysis of the coordination between urbanization and water environment could provide theoretical bases and policy implications for achieving both goals of the urbanization level progress and water environment protection.
Study on Cold Arid City Ecological Planning Mode - Urumqi City as an Example
Authors: Chen Ying Jie , Liu Jian , Hu Xiang Hong , Zhao Heng , Zhao Jin Peng
Published: October 2012

According to the Xinjiang Urumqi city cold arid climate, in view of the present city ecological environment problems, targeted to study the causes, study on ecological planning model suitable for cold drought citys, and explore the solutions and the strategy and countermeasure to the problems of ecological environment.
Cultural Heritage of Funeral Parlor Buildings - Analysis of the Plan of Daye Funeral Parlor
Authors: Yang Yi , Li Yue , Guo Bin
Published: October 2012

Funeral Parlor is a carrier of the cultural heritage. This kind of architect can be sustainably promoted only after the mixture of literature context and architectural function together with the understanding of the deeper connotation of the “funeral and interment culture”. This article tries to investigate the heritage within the funeral buildings through the analysis of the design plan of the Daye funeral parlor.
Dewatering and Mineralization of Sludge from Secondary Sedimentation Tank in a Constructed Sludge Drying Reed Bed
Authors: Zhang Chun , Deng Jie , Zhang Wei
Published: October 2012

The dewatering and mineralization of sludge in the constructed reed bed was investigated in this study.The sludge from the secondary sedimentation tank is from in the wastewater treatment plant in Yiyang city,Hunan province.Anaerobic pond and oxidation ditch biological treatment processes is accepted there.The performance of the system was monitored for one year. Total Solids (TS), Volatile Solids(VS), Chemical Oxygen Demand, nutrients (TKN) and Total Phosphorus(TP), heavy metals in the sludge were analysed.The removal rate of COD,NH4-N,and TP of the percolated fluid for the first cycle was also monitored. TS content reached 36.5% for the surface layer and 37.8% for the bottom layer at the end of the examination period.Sludge stabilization in the bed was also observed(VS content decreased to 31.3% and 13.4% respectively for the surface and bottom layer).Concentration of nutrients of the sludge accumulated in the bed also decreased. The heavy metal concentration meets the European Union standards for heavy metals in case of agricultural disposal of the treated sludge.
Effects of Microwave and Additional Co–Solvents on Two–Stage Waste Cooking Oil to Biodiesel Conversion
Authors: Hsiao Ming Chien , Chang Yung Hung , Chang Li Wen
Published: October 2012

This paper introduced a better solution to accelerating the production of biodiesel from waste cooking oil by using suitable acidic and alkaline catalysts in a two-stage catalytic reaction. Next, a co-solvent named tetrahydrofuran (THF), which significantly increased mixing level of the reactants in the mixture of vegetable oil and methanol, was added to form a single phase system. The whole system was then put into a microwave oven to support heat for the transesterification of biodiesel to shorten the reaction time. Reaction conditions of the first stage were methanol to oil molar ratio of 9:1, catalyst amount 1wt%, reaction temperature 60 oC and reaction time 7.5 minutes. In the second stage, for the transesterification, reaction conditions were methanol to oil molar ratio 12:1, catalyst loadings 1 wt%, reaction temperature 60 oC and reaction time 1.5 minutes. Finally, the conversion rate of biodiesel after the nine-minute reaction time was 97.38% which was higher than the EU EN14214 standard value of 96.5%.
Screening and Characterization of a Bacteria Strain L0 for Degradation of Cypermethrin
Authors: Jiang Bin Hui , Jiang Li , Li Zhi Ming , Kang Kai , Li Ruo Nan
Published: October 2012

After initial screening on enrichment media, with subsequent sequential isolation on minimal media containing the cypermethrin as sole C source, three degrading strains were isolated from cypermethrin polluted soil. Gas chromatography was used to measure the rates of disappearance of the cypermethrin, the strain L0 was identified as Bacillius sp. preliminarily. The optimum growth conditions for the aerobic degradation of cypermethrin by L0 were 26°C, pH 7. The degrade rate of cypermethrin by L0 is more than 87.54% above conditions after cultivated for 72 hours. Strain L0 is a high effect degradation bacterium should be used for a bioremediation process of the contaminated soils by insecticides and decrease the environmental pollution.
Mechanical Characteristics of Peanut Root System and its Tribological Properties against Soil
Authors: Zhang Xiao Ming , Liu Qian Jin , Yu Xing Xiu
Published: October 2012

Peanut root of crop lands in Menglianggu watershed in the upper reaches of Yi River were classified into different diameter classes by root diameter. The results show that (1) the relationship between force of pullout or breaking and root diameter is approximately linearity, and more significant linear for the latter; (2) Laboratory tests confirm the presence of a threshold or range of root diameter. When the diameter within the range (1.80-3.01mm), both root breaking and pullout occurred; when the diameter above 3.01mm, all roots broke under applied stress. While below 1.80mm, only roots were pulled out under applied stress. Root-soil resistance characteristic and root reinforcement effect were analyzed for different root classes: (3) pull out force of root-soil resistance is stronger than that of single root of the same root classes with the range from 6.03% to 39.39%.
Construction Project Scheduling Risk Analysis Using Event Chain Methodology: An Example of Airport Terminal Project
Authors: Peng Wei , Shen Liang Fa , Liu De Yin
Published: October 2012

This paper describes a new perspective to consider and quantify uncertainty in construction schedules. In the study, a methodology was presented by modeling construction project scheduling using event chains, classification of the events and event chains, identification of critical events, analysis of effect of the events on project duration, and chance of project completion. To demonstrate the applicability and effectiveness of the proposed methodology, a real airport terminal example is provided. Moreover, schedule risk analysis system and risk break down structure are also developed as an essential part.
Rough Entropy Model on Damage Assessment of Component-Based Military Engineering
Authors: Yuan Hui , Wang Feng Shan , Lu Hou Qing
Published: October 2012

To reason and reflect the mapping relation between physics damage and structure functions of military engineering, mechanism was established for damage assessment of component-based military engineering. From the model, simulation, evaluation point of view, the damage simulation and results assessment system was given about component-based military engineering, and the rough entropy model was erected about damage assessment. On the basis of component unit, value element, damage simulation samples, this model integrated the component unit’s Entropy value within the overall structure of the military engineering, and the rough entropy information from simulation damage samples, which gave the integrative index value about damage effect of military engineering. Case showed that rough entropy model could comprehensively reason and infer the valuing rule between the physical damage and the overall function.
Relationship Research among Organizational Justice, Engagement and Work Performance of Water Industry Employee
Authors: Sun Yong Ping , Wang Ji Gan
Published: October 2012

This paper explores the relationship among organizational justice, engagement and work performance of water industry employee and the engagement’s intermediary role between organizational justice and work performance based on equity theory and role theory. The analysis results of 152 survey data showed that there were significant positive correlation among organizational justice, engagement and work performance, engagement fully mediated between organizational justice and work performance.
Quality Control Indexes Study of Vacuum Combined with Fill Surcharge Preloading Method
Authors: Han Shang Yu , Hong Li
Published: October 2012

The consolidation effect of vacuum combined with fill surcharge preloading always influenced by many factors including vacuum pressure, vertical load pressure and vertical drainage depth. As the way to improve the reliability of the method, based on the soil consolidation mechanisms and actual data getting from the laboratory test and in-situ test, the main indexes of the method were studied in this paper. The test results show that the ratio of the vacuum pressure and vertical load pressure can cause difference soil settlement-deformation, if the ratio close to 1 the consolidation effect of the foundation can be gradually advanced. The soil outside the embankment always has displacement to reinforcement region in the upper depth of the foundation soil when the vacuum pressure equals to the vertical load pressure.
The Comprehensive Post-Evaluation Based on the Engineering Fuzzy Set Theory of Navigation and Hydropower Junction
Authors: Chang Liu Hong , Jiang Chang Bo , Long Yuan Nan
Published: October 2012

Navigation and hydropower junction is a new model of inland river development. Such projects have significant economic, social and environmental benefits, and the corresponding indexes are quantitative and qualitative. Therefore the post-evaluation is a complex and multi-targeted semi-structural problem. The fuzzy set theory is applied on the comprehensive post-evaluation of navigation and hydropower junction of inland river. The recognition model based on multi-level fuzzy pattern and the semi-structured evaluation model are adopted. The evaluation is intuitive and comprehensive by combining the objective and quantitative assessments and the experience of the appraisers. And an example of Xiang River is given to illustrate its feasibility and rationality.
Discussion on Perfecting Engineering Guarantee System
Authors: Xing Yan , Zheng Jin Fang , Liu Peng Yuan , Deng Xi Lu
Published: October 2012

At the present stage，China's project guarantee system is not perfect, there are problems such as the same guarantor guarantee the owner and the contractor, the risk consciousness of the construction project market is not strong, the guarantee issued by guarantee agencies is not standard, and the guarantee rate of the engineering is not unified. Such serious problems have influenced the development of China's construction market, reducing the competitiveness of China's construction enterprises in the international market. Actual survey raised a number of recommended countermeasures, such as actively carry out publicity and training work, strengthen legislation and perfect contract management, combination of compulsory and voluntary implementation, actively cultivate the professional guarantee gompanies and engineering guarantee market, perfect social credit system and social security systemm, and determine the reasonable project guarantee fees to establish a correct sense of risk, aiming to further improve our project guarantee system.
Behavior Analysis of Together-Conspired Bidding Based on the Evolutionary Game
Authors: Li Qian
Published: October 2012

Based on the “replication dynamics” ideas, the paper establishes asymmetric evolutionary game model of together-conspired bidding using evolutionary game theory, and obtains its evolutionary stable strategy under the present governmental supervision that surround-bidder and accompanying-bidder’s proportion is periodic fluctuation of the center stability, explains the reason why together-conspired bidding is difficult to be prevented effectively. In order to find the decisive factor of the evolutionary drift, further investigation shows that the evolutionary drift is converged to the different evolutionary stable properties when evolution conditions change, such as the supervision target, supervision strength. Through the analysis to the punishment extent on surround-bidder and accompanying-bidder, the conclusion is arrived that the strength of punishment and execution on the surround-bidder can effectively control together-conspired bidding, which provides the theoretical basis to governmental supervision department for the management and research work on together-conspired bidding in the construction market.
Research and Practice in the Teaching Reform of the Nonferrous Metallurgy
Authors: Zhou Xue Jiao , Xia Wen Tang , Chen Yong Li , Yin Jian Guo , Wang Hui , Yang Wen Qiang
Published: October 2012

Practical teaching is very important in training innovative and practical abilities of college students. On the basis of nonferrous metallurgy teaching characteristics, practical situation and deficiencies had been analyzed and the teaching reforms in the experiment, practice and design had been proposed. A variety of beneficial attempts have been carried out to strengthen the students engineering consciousness and application ability in the reform practice. Through the reform and practice on the teaching methods, it has reached the aim to cultivate the students and improve the quality of practice teaching.
Source Apportionment of PM10 in the Open Air of Urban Area in Tangshan
Authors: Ji Ai Min , Yan Shu Mei , Gao Ying , Wan Shu Ran , Liu Hong Ya
Published: October 2012

All sources of the particulate matter less than 10 micrometers (PM10) were collected in Tangshan. Inorganic elements, water-solvent ions and carbon species of PM10 samples were investigated to identify the sources of PM10. Contribution and sharing rate of suspended dust, soil dust, coal smoke dust, construction dust, vehicles exhaust, SO42-, NO3- and sea dust to PM10 was determined based on the chemical mass balance (CMB) receptor model. The results showed that suspended dust was the most important PM10 source with a contribution of 42%; flying ash from coal combustion, particle dust from soil, vehicle exhaust were also important sources with contributions of 20%, 12% and 11%, respectively.
Availability Research of Artificial Concentrated Wind Energy around Buildings
Authors: Zhang Wei , Ye Hui Hua , Lv Xiang Cui
Published: October 2012

For the purpose of utilizing of wind energy around urban buildings, an technique to gather natural wind energy by artificial energy-gathering tunnel is investigated using numerical simulation method. The configuration, performance parameters and the flow characteristics inside of the tunnel are discussed. An optimized configuration of the tunnel is obtained by numerical simulation and analysis, in which the accelerating ratio is about 2.02 and the wind power density increases about 7.24 times. The results also show that the accelerating ratio does not vary as the contraction ratio of the tunnel synchronously.
Discussion on the Reconstruction of the Wenchuan Earthquake-Damaged Ecosystems
Authors: Jing Xiao Fei , Chen Yu Long , Chen Hong , Cai Zhi Yong
Published: October 2012

The Wenchuan Earthquake of 8.0 magnitude at Richter scale hit large region of Sichuan, China on May 12, 2008. It was a terrible disaster that caused great casualties and serious damages, and largely destroyed natural mountainous ecosystems in the earthquake-hit areas. Since the restoration of those damaged mountainous ecosystems plays an important role in ecological security in this region, it is argued that the reconstruction of those earthquake-damaged ecosystems should be given greater attention before and during the ecological recovery process. Yet, to date, little effort has been made to review and summarize the major unresolved questions relating to the ecosystem recovery after the earthquake. Focusing on the priorities for future research in this subject, based on the study and comparison of literatures we identified and examined four important research questions that need to be addressed, even two years after the earthquake. All these questions need to be resolved before significant progress can be made in habilitating the damaged natural ecosystems, and perhaps more importantly, the results provide very useful information for cost-effective restoration decision making and policy planning for the earthquake-hit areas.
Thermal and Energy Performance of Pitch and Wall Insulation for Air-Conditioned Buildings in Malaysia
Authors: Abdul Halim Noor Hafizah , Zakaria Nor Zaini , Zain Ahmed Azni
Published: October 2012

Thermal design of building envelope and microclimatic conditions influence the indoor thermal comfort conditions and energy consumption of buildings. This paper presents the findings of study conducted to investigate the effect of building insulation on thermal impact and energy for cooling. The study were performed via computer simulation using a whole-building thermal energy software Integrated Environmental Solution (IES) with ApacheSim 5.9.2. The results show that pitch insulation (PITCH) was more effective to reduce the attic temperature but both pitch and wall insulation (WALL) had nominal thermal improvement for the indoor. However, compared to the BASE model, WALL model gave a significant savings of 41% for cooling
An Analysis of the Evolution of Modern Architectures in Shenyang through the Characteristics of Buildings’ in Marshal Zhang’ Mansion
Authors: Ha Jing , Ou Hao
Published: October 2012

The construction of Marshal Zhang’ Mansion experienced three periods. A three-Courtyard was building from 1914 to 1918. Big-blue building was built in the early 1920s and Small-blue building was built before the early 1920s. Six red brick buildings were built after 1929. The three groups of buildings in the three periods condense that modern architectures how to evolve in Shenyang from 1912 to 1931，including of technology，material and style. Therefore, as long as we understand the developmental characteristics of buildings’ in Marshal Zhang’ Mansion， we can grasp the evolutionary law of modern architectures in Shenyang in this period. So Marshal Zhang’ Mansion has great significance to the architectural history in Shenyang.
The Ratio of Cumulating Cooling Load in Ground-Source Heat Pump System
Authors: Li Na
Published: October 2012

In south of China, such as Shanghai and Hangzhou, the single ground-source heat pump is not viable for buildings of all functions. The ratio of cumulating cooling load is vital to the combined ground-source heat pump system, which means ratio of cumulating cooling load removed by secondary cooling source. This paper gives some reasonable ratios of cumulating cooling load through simulating to ground-source heat pump systems of residence, hotel, market and office.
Analysis of Influences of Residential Energy Prices Change on Development of Residential Distributed Energy System
Authors: Yang Yong Wen , Yang Ren Fei , Ren Jian Xing , Gao Wei Jun
Published: October 2012

As an important part of building energy efficiency, residential distributed energy system once was paid so much attention before, but due to restricted factors such as cost, revenue and policy, it would not be promoted further. Among them, the electricity price is one of the main factors. With the introduction of ladder-type electricity price, a comprehensive assessment respectively in PV system and residential GE cogeneration system will be made to discuss the economical efficiency and feasibility of residential distributed energy system.
Study on DSM Energy-Saving Effect Evaluation under the Smart Grid Environment
Authors: Guo Hao Chi , Liu Jin Peng , Qiao Huan Huan , Wang Guan Qing
Published: October 2012

China's power conflicts between supply and demand have become increasingly prominent. The smart grid has become an inevitable trend of network development at the same time, and DSM implementation effect in smart grid research increasingly attracts people’s attention. Through the analysis of different subjects in demand side management, the paper established demand side management effectiveness evaluation system in smart grid from the aspects of economic , environmental and social. Finally, empirical research verified the validity of the index system ,which provides a good reference for improving the level of demand side management.
Review and Suggestions Related to Disease Prevention and Water Quality Improvement in Xinjiang Rural Areas, China
Authors: Li Qiao , Zhou Jin Long , Bai Chun Yan , Ji Yu Yuan
Published: October 2012

This paper summarizes the prevalence of waterborne diseases before disease prevention and water quality improvement project in Xinjiang rural areas, China; the measures taken in disease prevention and water quality improvement; and the current situation of the quality of rural drinking water project. Suggestions concerning the improvement of disease prevention and water quality improvement project in Xinjiang rural areas are also proposed.
The Effect of Backwashing on Microbial Ecosystem of the BEAC Filter
Authors: Gao Yu Nan , Zhou Dong Xu , Zhang Ping Ping , Fu Jin Xiang
Published: October 2012

The invasion of indigenous flora from the open system into the biological enhanced activated carbon(BEAC) system can inhibit the development of dominant bacteria and also decrease the biodegradability and biological activity of dominant bacteria. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effect of backwashing on the indigenous flora and dominant bacteria in the BEAC system and to study the optimal operation process of backwashing. In order to control the inhibition of the indigenous flora, the optimal backwashing conditions were set as 7-10d of operation period and 8-10 L/(m2•s) of air backwashing intensity. In addition, the PCR-DGGE results showed the indigenous flora could be removed under the optimal backwashing process, and the dominant bacteria could also be updated to maintain the biological stability well in this system.
Origin Analysis on Farmers’ Housing Environment Adaptability Research in the Northwest Settlement of Dry Oasis Edge
Authors: Yan You Xi , Yan Xia
Published: October 2012

China is one of the world’s largest ecological sensitive areas(ESAs), with the greatest varieties of vulnerable ecological types and the most notable manifestation of ecological vulnerability. In the presented work, features of regional housing environment are analyzed in the northwestern settlements of dry oasis edge through the line of macro bancground. Farmers’ housing spaces are constrained by windy, sandy, hot, dry and eroded environments.Therefore, famers bring about uncertain attitude towards harsh conditions and develop correspondent distributing patterns, structural features, materials and technology in local community. The reason about the lacking adaptability of housing environment is that people doubt the environmental adaptability of these local houses using Generates Technology( low-cost, low power, low-tech) as a result of further deterioration of ecological environment. The work is to explore human’s constructing behavior in the ESAs located in northwest arid oasis edge, expecting to find the way to further research.
Experimental Study on Heat Transfer Performance of the Solar Collector with an Inserted Heat Pipe Using Magnetic Nano-Fluids as the Working Fluid
Authors: Zhang Yun Feng , Han Kai , Xu Ben Liang , Chang Zheng Rong
Published: October 2012

The heat transfer system of glass evacuated solar collector with an inserted heat pipe was established and researched experimentally. Two different kinds of heat collector device with heat pipe using magnetic nano-fluids and water as the working fluid respectively were researched at different aspects of tilt angles, climate conditions and total solar radiations.The exprimental results show that the solar collector with an inserted heat pipe using magnetic nano-fluids as the working medium has the lower heat loss coefficient, the higher average daily efficiency and instantaneous efficiency. The results provide a new idea to improve the heat transfer performance of solar collectors.
The Evolution of Tibetan Temple’s Plane Form
Authors: Niu Ting Ting , Wang Yong Ping
Published: October 2012

This paper analyzes the evolution of Tibetan temple’s plane form from three periods. It describes the historical background, which leads the temple’s pattern from imitation of the Indian temple to have their own mature fixed form, and analyzes the temple forms of each period through a series of examples.
The Landscape Design Producing Regional Characteristics - Take 2011 Xi’an International Horticultural Exposition for Example
Authors: Fan Ya Ni , Dong Lu Di
Published: October 2012

Abstract. Landscape design is a kind of constructive activities to show the regional outdoor space feature. It reflects the cultural and natural value in an certain area. With 2011 Xi’an International Horticultural Exposition for example, it discusses a design method which is combine with the site feature, rely on the regional culture and reproduce the regional characteristics. Through the landscape practical activity, people can feel a special regional landscape and understand the typical regional landscape.
A Preliminary Analysis of Water Scenery Design for Residential Quarters
Authors: Zhao Xin Li
Published: October 2012

Water scenery, nowadays, is one of the most important elements for creation of natural ecological surroundings of modern residential quarters. Introducing water scenery into residential quarters has become the most fashionable style for designing residential surroundings. A brief analysis of present water scenery design in this paper makes some methods and proposals for dealing with some incompetent problems existing in between the requirements of residents and shortages of water scenery design at the present time.
Study of Ecological Rural House Design Patterns Wuhan Region
Authors: Ke Ji
Published: October 2012

In this paper, the author made a survey on the living conditions of farmers living surrounding Wuhan rural areas and combined with the data, Carried out the analysis on how to carry out the construction of the eco-farm residences, and to attract tourists .
A Study on Sustainable House Design in Lanyu
Authors: Chen Ron , Yang Hsi Chi
Published: October 2012

Lanyu (Orchid Island) lies off the southeast coast of Taiwan. The island has possessed abundant ecological resources and unique precious aboriginal culture. The Tao tribe is the native resident in the island and the below-ground house is one of its traditional cultures. This research tries to establish an assessing framework for sustainable house design in Lanyu by applying the concepts of green architecture and the languages of its traditional architecture. This research first, through literature reviews and expert interviews, determines the criteria and sub-criteria to be used in the initial assessing framework. Then, through expert questionnaires, the Delphi method is used to finalize the assessing framework. Finally, the Analytic Hierarchical Process is used to identify the relative weights of criteria and sub-criteria and then obtain the priority weights of sub-criteria. The below-ground house sub-criterion has highest priority weight and should be used in the sustainable house design. Based on the obtained sub-criteria, an exemplary design case is presented.
Based on Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation Method of Low Carbon Architecture Research
Authors: Xu Yong Ge , Yan Da Wei
Published: October 2012

Nowadays, low carbon architecture has become the mainstream trend among the international constructions. However, there are not a effective method in evaluating the low carbon architecture. This paper aimed to built a evaluating model by analysising the low carbon architecture. In the meanwhile, it provided a standard in evaluating the low carbon architecture.
Underground Space Development and Urban Safety
Authors: Lv Shu Ran
Published: October 2012

With the rapid development of China economy, China urbanization process is entering high–speed development period. At the same time, the development of underground space is also entering the high-speed period. The development of underground space and the safety of the city is inseparable, the development of underground space is playing an important role in the settlement of the current urban safety, the constraints of the urban land resource, the narrow of the building space, the traffic jams, the worsening environmental pollution and city disaster prevention ability inadequacy, plays a more and more important role. Based on the analysis of urban safety that the city is facing, this paper makes full discussion of the relationship between the development of underground space and urban safety as well as the urban problem-solving approach.
The Water as one Wishes, Ecological Flower Town - Chun Lei Town Concept Planning in Daqing City
Authors: Lv Fei , Su Rui Fang , Tian Rui
Published: October 2012

This paper used “3S+3L+AVC” tourist town development concepts framework, it imported the beautiful natural waterfront landscape features, unique ecological agriculture condition, natural geothermal hot spring resources and convenient transportation advantage into the small tourism town design. By the analysis of town features, project position, the key design points, it described the theory application in Chun Lei town concept planning from slow system, ecological planning and commercial walk street design three aspects.