bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sixth European Seminar in Virology on Virus–Host Interaction at Single Cell and Organism Level
Authors: Saccon Elisa , Vitiello Adriana , Trevisan Marta , Salata Cristiano , Palù Giorgio
Published: July 2018

The 6th European Seminar in Virology (EuSeV) was held in Bertinoro, Italy, 22–24 June 2018, and brought together international scientists and young researchers working in the field of Virology. Sessions of the meeting included: virus–host-interactions at organism and cell level; virus evolution and dynamics; regulation; immunity/immune response; and disease and therapy. This report summarizes lectures by the invited speakers and highlights advances in the field.
Intercomparison of a Lumped Model and a Distributed Model for Streamflow Simulation in the Naoli River Watershed, Northeast China
Authors: Liu Guihua , He Zhiming , Luan Zhaoqing , Qi Shuhua
Published: July 2018

Water supply availability has significant impacts on the biggest base for commodity grain production: The Sanjiang Plain in northeast China. The SWAT (soil and water assessment tool) model and IHACRES (identification of unit hydrographs and component flows from rainfall, evapotranspiration and streamflow data) model were used for modelling streamflow variability in the upper Naoli River watershed to determine the applicability of hydrological models to the marsh rivers. Both the SWAT and IHACRES models were suitable for streamflow simulation, having R2 (coefficient of determination) and NS (Nash–Sutcliffe) values greater than 0.7, and PBIAS (percent bias) smaller than 25%. The IHACRES model was easy to use, with less data-preparation, and was found to be a better choice for runoff simulation in a watershed less affected by human activity. The simulation result was better in primeval times, i.e., 1956–1966, than the period 1967–2005, when its performance was found to be unfavorable. In contrast, the complex, processes-based SWAT model was found to be more appropriate for simultaneously simulating streamflow variability. In addition, the effects of land use change and human activities in the watershed—where agricultural activities are intensive—were evaluated. The study found that the SWAT model was potentially suitable for water resource planning and management.
A New Vulnerability Measure for Water Distribution Network
Authors: Maiolo Mario , Pantusa Daniela , Carini Manuela , Capano Gilda , Chiaravalloti Francesco , Procopio Antonio
Published: July 2018

The main objective of a water distribution network is to provide water to users in compliance with quality and service standards under different conditions. The ability to meet the water demand at the nodes, under the required pressures head, depends on many characteristic factors of the water network, such as various infrastructural components. A water distribution network is a complex system consisting of numerous structural elements and dependent by several factors. Resilience, robustness and vulnerability are of great interest, for these systems, in relation to the possible failure conditions which may compromise the network’s ability to fulfill the project conditions. Vulnerability measures how much the network is fragile: a higher value of vulnerability means that the network is prone to fail in achieving the project conditions. In the present work, a new vulnerability measure based on a topological approach is proposed. A first application of the proposed vulnerability measure on two water networks known in the literature is described, and the obtained results are compared with other performance indices showing a significant correlation.
Spectrally Resolved Mid-infrared Molecular Emission from Protoplanetary Disks and the Chemical Fingerprint of Planetesimal Formation
Authors: Najita Joan R. , Carr John S. , Salyk Colette , Lacy John H. , Richter Matthew J. , DeWitt Curtis
Published: July 2018

We present high-resolution spectroscopy of mid-infrared molecular emission from two very active T Tauri stars, AS 205 N and DR Tau. In addition to measuring high signal-to-noise line profiles of water, we report the first spectrally resolved mid-infrared line profiles of HCN emission from protoplanetary disks. The similar line profiles and temperatures of the HCN and water emission indicate that they arise in the same volume of the disk atmosphere, within 1–2 au of the star. The results support the earlier suggestion that the observed trend of increasing HCN/water emission with disk mass is a chemical fingerprint of planetesimal formation and core accretion in action. In addition to directly constraining the emitting radii of the molecules, the high-resolution spectra also help break degeneracies between temperature and column density in deriving molecular abundances from low-resolution mid-infrared spectra. As a result, they can improve our understanding of the extent to which inner disks are chemically active. Contrary to predictions from HCN excitation studies carried out for AS 205 N, the mid-infrared and near-infrared line profiles of HCN are remarkably similar. The discrepancy may indicate that HCN is not abundant beyond a few au or that infrared pumping of HCN does not dominate at these distances.
Expanding CO Shells in the Orion A Molecular Cloud
Authors: Feddersen Jesse R. , Arce Héctor G. , Kong Shuo , Shimajiri Yoshito , Nakamura Fumitaka , Hara Chihomi , Ishii Shun , Sasaki Kazushige , Kawabe Ryohei
Published: July 2018

We present the discovery of expanding spherical shells around low- to intermediate-mass young stars in the Orion A giant molecular cloud using observations of

12

CO

(1–0) and

13

CO

(1–0) from the Nobeyama Radio Observatory 45 m telescope. The shells have radii from 0.05 to 0.85 pc and expand outward at 0.8–5 km s−1. The total energy in the expanding shells is comparable to protostellar outflows in the region. Together, shells and outflows inject enough energy and momentum to maintain the cloud turbulence. The mass-loss rates required to power the observed shells are two to three orders of magnitude higher than predicted for line-driven stellar winds from intermediate-mass stars. This discrepancy may be resolved by invoking accretion-driven wind variability. We describe in detail several shells in this paper and present the full sample in the online journal.
Dense Molecular Gas in the Nearby Low-metallicity Dwarf Starburst Galaxy IC 10
Authors: Kepley Amanda A. , Bittle Lauren , Leroy Adam K. , Jiménez-Donaire María J. , Schruba Andreas , Bigiel Frank , Gallagher Molly , Johnson Kelsey , Usero Antonio
Published: July 2018

Dense molecular gas and star formation are correlated in galaxies. The effect of low metallicity on this relationship is crucial for interpreting observations of high-redshift galaxies, which have lower metallicities than galaxies today. However, it remains relatively unexplored because dense molecular gas tracers like HCN and HCO+ are faint in low-metallicity systems. We present Green Bank Telescope observations of HCN(1–0) and HCO+(1–0) on giant molecular cloud (34 pc) scales in the nearby low-metallicity (

) starburst IC 10 and compare them to those in other galaxies. We detect HCN and HCO+ in one and three of five pointings, respectively. The

values are within the range seen in other galaxies, but are most similar to those seen in other low-metallicity sources and in starbursts. The detections follow the fiducial

–

and

–

relationships. These trends suggest that HCN and HCO+ can be used to trace dense molecular gas at metallicities of 1/4 Z
⊙, to first order. The dense gas fraction is similar to that in spiral galaxies, but lower than that in U/LIRGs. The dense molecular gas star formation efficiency, however, is on the upper end of those in normal galaxies and consistent with those in U/LIRGs. These results suggest that the CO and HCN/HCO+ emission occupy the same relative volumes as they do at higher metallicity, but that the entire emitting structure is reduced in size. Dense gas mass estimates for high-redshift galaxies may need to be corrected for this effect.
Developing the 3-point Correlation Function for the Turbulent Interstellar Medium
Authors: Portillo Stephen K. N. , Slepian Zachary , Burkhart Blakesley , Kahraman Sule , Finkbeiner Douglas P.
Published: July 2018

We present the first application of the angle-dependent 3-point Correlation Function (3PCF) to the density field magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) turbulence simulations intended to model interstellar (ISM) turbulence. Previous work has demonstrated that the angle-averaged bispectrum, the 3PCF’s Fourier-space analog, is sensitive to the sonic and Alfvénic Mach numbers of turbulence. Here, we show that introducing angular information via multipole moments with respect to the triangle opening angle offers considerable additional discriminatory power to these parameters. We exploit a fast, order

N

g

log

N

g

(N
g is the number of grid cells used for a Fourier Transform) 3PCF algorithm to study a suite of MHD turbulence simulations with 10 different combinations of sonic and Alfvénic Mach numbers over a range from subsonic to supersonic and sub-Alfvénic to super-Alfvénic. The 3PCF algorithm’s speed for the first time enables full quantification of the time-variation of our signal: we study nine timeslices for each condition, demonstrating that the 3PCF is sufficiently time-stable to be used as an ISM diagnostic. In the future, applying this framework to 3D dust maps will enable better treatment of dust as a cosmological foreground, as well as reveal the conditions in the ISM that shape star formation.
The Infrared Emission and Opening Angle of the Torus in Quasars
Authors: Zhuang Ming-Yang , Ho Luis C. , Shangguan Jinyi
Published: July 2018

According to the unified model of active galactic nuclei (AGNs), a putative dusty torus plays an important role in determining an AGN’s external appearance. However, information on the physical properties of the torus is very scarce. We perform detailed decomposition of the infrared (1–500 μm) spectral energy distribution of 76 z < 0.5 Palomar-Green quasars, combining photometric data from the Two Micron All-Sky Survey, Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer, and Herschel with Spitzer spectroscopy. Our fits favor recent torus spectral models that properly treat the different sublimation temperatures of silicates and graphite and consider a polar wind component. The AGN-heated dust emission from the torus contributes a significant fraction (∼70%) of the total infrared (1–1000 μm) luminosity. The torus luminosity correlates well with the strength of the ultraviolet/optical continuum and the broad Hβ emission line, indicating a close link between the central ionization source and re-radiation by the torus. Consistent with the unified model, most quasars have tori that are only mildly inclined along the line of sight. The half-opening angle of the torus, a measure of its covering factor, declines with increasing accretion rate until the Eddington ratio reaches ∼0.5, above which the trend reverses. This behavior likely results from the change of the geometry of the accretion flow, from a standard geometrically thin disk at moderate accretion rates, to a slim disk at high accretion rates.
Sequential Eruptions Triggered by Flux Emergence: Observations and Modeling
Authors: Dacie S. , Török T. , Démoulin P. , Linton M. G. , Downs C. , Driel-Gesztelyi L. van , Long D. M. , Leake J. E.
Published: July 2018

We describe and analyze observations by the Solar Dynamics Observatory of the emergence of a small, bipolar active region within an area of unipolar magnetic flux that was surrounded by a circular, quiescent filament. Within only 8 hours from the start of the emergence, a partial splitting of the filament and two consecutive coronal mass ejections took place. We argue that all three dynamic events occurred as a result of particular magnetic-reconnection episodes between the emerging bipole and the pre-existing coronal magnetic field. To substantiate our interpretation, we consider 3D magnetohydrodynamic simulations that model the emergence of magnetic flux in the vicinity of a large-scale coronal flux rope. The simulations qualitatively reproduce most of the reconnection episodes suggested by the observations, as well as the filament splitting, the first eruption, and the formation of sheared/twisted fields that may have played a role in the second eruption. Our results suggest that the position of emerging flux with respect to the background magnetic configuration is a crucial factor for the resulting evolution, while previous results suggest that parameters such as the orientation or the amount of emerging flux are important as well. This poses a challenge for predicting the onset of eruptions that are triggered by flux emergence, and calls for a detailed survey of the relevant parameter space by means of numerical simulations.
Procréation : l’ouverture de l’assistance médicale à la procréation (AMP) aux couples de femmes et aux femmes seules emporte une série de questions dans son sillage (gratuité du don, levée de l’anonymat, rôle de la médecine)
Authors: Bourdaire-Mignot Camille , Gründler Tatiana
Published: July 2018

États généraux de la bioéthique (rapport de synthèse du Comité consultatif national d’éthique) : premier billet
Education as the Practice of Freedom
Authors: Anemone Ernest
Published: July 2018

Louis Brandeis once remarked, “Our Government is the potent, the omnipresent teacher. For good or for ill, it teaches the whole people by its example.” In the American juvenile justice system, this is too often forgotten. This chapter addresses, from the perspective of a practitioner, the consequences of a justice system and education system that prioritizes detecting problems over solving them. This chapter will further discuss how the existential anxieties created by such a system weaken not only those systems individually but also, all democratic institutions on the whole. Using these observations, readers will explore innovative ways to promote genuine dialogue and deliberation in the classroom and will be asked to consider public schools as unique, vitally important democratic institutions.
Examining the Drivers of Success in the Peace Foundation Aotearoa/New Zealand Peer-Mediation Programs
Authors: Barruel Christina Ann , Nissanka Marie
Published: July 2018

The 2016 evaluations of New Zealand's Cool Schools and the leadership through peer mediation (LtPM) programs revealed positive results regarding improved self-esteem among peer mediators, increased perceptions of safety in the schooling environment, and increased conflict resolution and interpersonal communication skills. This chapter highlights the contribution of these peer-mediation programs. The authors then turn to problems, inequalities, and peace education practices within the New Zealand schooling environment to explain how the Cool Schools and LtPM programs are relevant in solving wider societal problems. The chapter finally focuses on examining the drivers of success in both programs and the broader ethos of the Peace Foundation Aotearoa/New Zealand, which enables its success.
Artistic Spaces for Rebuilding Social Fabric
Authors: Rodríguez-Sánchez Andrea Del Pilar , Cabedo-Mas Alberto , García María Elisa Pinto , Restrepo Gloria Patricia Zapata
Published: July 2018

This chapter analyzes the theoretical concept of social fabric, as well as the damage which armed conflict has caused it and how art can contribute to rebuilding it. Affective and symbolic characteristics of art, engaging the body, and the act of collective interpretation-creation may provide the conditions required for the necessary intangible and tangible factors to rebuild a social fabric damaged by war. Artistic spaces, as shown by a case in Colombia, can be an important place to generate, especially, intangible factors which keep the flow of social fabric active, such as values and beliefs, sense of community, confidence, and emotional stability of the individual and the group.
Religious Peace in Albania
Authors: Neziri Vjosana
Published: July 2018

This chapter brings the example of religious peace in Albania, a small country in the Balkan Peninsula. The people of Albania today follow four major religions. They can be Muslim, Catholic, Orthodox, Bektashi, or atheists. This religious colorfulness has been a trait of the country for many centuries. Nevertheless, it has not ever caused any religion-based conflict between the people nor has it been a criterion of unfairness. Albania has been and is today the picture of harmonious coexistence of different religions. This chapter is aimed to make the Albanian example more visible to the world.
Quality Assurance in Norwegian Higher Education
Authors: Gynnild Vidar
Published: July 2018

This chapter starts out by exploring why five higher education institutions failed to meet nationally agreed criteria for the approval of their quality systems. In order to achieve this, the review panels' reports were examined with a particular view to data analysis and data application. The reports were readily available online and represented an excellent data source for research purposes. Panels found that institutional quality reports were descriptive rather than analytical, that quality procedures were unsystematic and conclusions often missing. Unfortunately, the panels failed to come up with radically new approaches that could potentially alter that situation. Rather, the recipe seems to be more of the same, in particular student evaluation of teaching. With this as a backdrop, this study provides conceptual tools that might change the actors' approaches and thus empower those undertaking quality reviews locally. The alternative could otherwise be sustained frustration and wasted efforts.
CDIO Standards Implementation and Further Development in Russia
Authors: Chuchalin Alexander I.
Published: July 2018

Russian experience in the implementation of CDIO (conceive, design, implement, operate) standards for modernization of BEng programs focused on graduate training for complex engineering activity are considered. The CPD program “Applying CDIO Standards in Engineering Education” for managers and faculty staff at Russian HEIs is described. Further development of the CDIO concept for MSc and PhD engineering programs design are discussed taking into account the priorities of innovative and research engineering activities. The FCDI (forecast, conceive, design, implement) standards focused on MSc program graduate training for innovative engineering activity and FFCD (foresight, forecast, conceive, design) standards focused on PhD program graduate training for research engineering activity are presented.
An Approach to Improvement of Master's and PhD Studies in Data Processing and Management Systems
Authors: Sukhobokov Artem A. , Baklikov Vitaliy , Lakhvich Dmitry S. , Sukhobokov Andrey V. , Tikhonov Ilya V.
Published: July 2018

To make Master's and PhD theses more influential on the evolution of the software industry, and to make them even more effective and successful, the authors propose that they be directed towards developing cognitive systems and expanding the functionality of integrated big data platforms. Within this field, the authors propose that their themes be organized in the form of the following dual model: for each thesis that develops an emerging new cognitive component inside a core big data platform, there is another thesis that develops a corresponding cognitive component/module within the application layer that uses that component of the core big data platform.
A Project-Oriented Approach to Practicum on Software Engineering Methodology Courses
Authors: Romanova Tatiana Nikolaevna , Vishnevskaya Tatiana Ivanovna , Odselmaa Dorjsuren
Published: July 2018

This chapter suggests a method for practicum on software engineering methodology course using a project-oriented approach. The chapter features basic organization principles of the approach and examples of methodical support for laboratory works based on these principles, and provides recommendations on choice and use of methodologies and technologies of software engineering for the development of distributed information systems. The experience of using this technique for teaching students studying for a Master's degree in Software Engineering in Bauman Moscow State Technical University is presented.
The Methodical Complex of Laboratory Works on the Study of Neural Network Technologies
Authors: Borodkin Artem , Eliseev Vladimir , Filaretov Gennady , Seyed Alireza Aghvami
Published: July 2018

The chapter considers a task of teaching undergraduate students practical skills using artificial neural networks to solve problems of information processing and control systems. It represents and proves the methods of teaching, based on the gradual increase in the complexity of tasks to be solved by students. The developed complex of laboratory works includes classical problems and methods of their solutions, as well as original methods for solving problems of automatic control. The technology base of the laboratory works are both well-known programs and software package developed by the authors. In addition to the practical experience in the use of software packages, students obtain experience in conducting comparative studies of traditional and neural network methods for solving control problems.
A Synthesis of Training Systems to Promote the Development of Engineering Competences
Authors: Chistyakova Tamara Balabekovna
Published: July 2018

In the chapter, topical issues of development of the competence-based bilingual educational programs for training of specialists of an engineering profile, capable to solve at the international level complex scientific and technical challenges taking into account requirements of professional standards are considered. The special attention is paid to methodology of synthesis of training systems including virtual laboratories, computer simulators, and systems of imitating modeling for the practical-oriented training of specialists. The method of estimates of acquired professional competences on the basis of models of control of knowledge is offered, to implementation of scenarios and the analysis of protocols of training that allows to increase safety and efficiency of productions due to growth of qualification of personnel of industrial enterprises.
Disability and Careers in Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics
Authors: Fell Elena Vladimirovna , Lukianova Natalia Aleksandrovna , Kapilevich Leonid Vladimirovich
Published: July 2018

According to official statistical data, people with disabilities are underrepresented in STEM (science, technology, engineering, and mathematics) occupations and students with disabilities are underrepresented in STEM degree courses. This chapter surveys official reports produced by British and American authorities, as well as a number of media sources, in order to substantiate this claim. The authors' aim is to uncover the reasons behind disabled students being underrepresented in STEM courses and to sketch the vision for the future of disabled young people who may be interested in perusing careers in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics.
A Practical Approach to Manufacturing Execution Systems at Bosch AvP
Authors: Lopes Maria João , Almeida Duarte , Cardoso Francisco J. A.
Published: July 2018

With Industry 4.0 related initiatives, a brand new array of opportunities has emerged for organizations to face the ordeals that come with managing ever-growing manufacturing needs. The exponential increase in the complexity of supply chain management has put a real strain on manufacturing operations. In order to succeed, organizations must turn to solutions such as manufacturing execution systems (MES) in order to stay competitive. In this research chapter, we discuss the impact of MES in organizations, whilst describing the process for going from a theoretical concept to a hands-on system which runs the shop floor operations.
An Overview of Cognitive Radio Networks
Authors: Joshi Pooja , Bagwari Ashish
Published: July 2018

The major hurdle that restricts the efficient utilization of radio spectrum is its inflexible and rigid licensing scheme. This constraint limits the emerging wireless systems to operate in static spectrum band. This deficiency compelled the innovators to introduce new paradigm (i.e., cognitive radio [CR] technique to boost productive spectrum utilization). In this chapter, the authors briefly introduce the CR to exploit wireless spectrum opportunistically. Cognitive radio network architecture is also discussed in detail. Authors also mentioned the software-defined radio (SDR) platform as a support to regulate spectrum reuse. IEEE 802.22, the first worldwide standard for wireless regional area network (WRAN), based of CR technology is presented in descriptive way along with its capacity, coverage, MAC layer frame structure. It has been observed that CR strikes its presence in today's modern wireless systems, applications, various projects, and trends, and become their desire.
Advanced Spectrum Sensing Techniques
Authors: Mohan P. T. V. Bhuvaneswari , Stephen Bino Jesu
Published: July 2018

Spectrum sensing plays an important role in cognitive radio networks. Based on the bandwidth considered for spectrum sensing, it can be classified into narrowband and wideband spectrum sensing. Traditional spectrum sensing methods are devised for narrow band as it focuses on narrow frequency a range that is the channel bandwidth is lesser than the coherence bandwidth of the channel. To provide more spectral opportunity to cognitive user and to increase the throughput, cognitive radio network needs techniques that exploits spectral opportunities over a wide frequency range. Wideband spectrum sensing techniques aim to sense a channel bandwidth that exceeds the coherence bandwidth of the channel. Narrowband sensing techniques cannot be directly employed to perform wideband spectrum sensing as they make a single binary decision. In this chapter, the advanced spectrum sensing techniques and their taxonomy are discussed in detail.
Cooperative Spectrum Sensing Under Double Threshold With Censoring and Hybrid Spectrum Access Schemes in Cognitive Radio Network
Authors: Bhowmick Abhijit , Roy Sanjay Dhar , Kundu Sumit
Published: July 2018

The spectrum sensing performance in cooperative cognitive radio (CR) network is studied under a double threshold (DTH)-based detection with censoring of CRs, and thereafter, the study is extended for a hybrid spectrum access scheme in presence of Rayleigh faded sensing (S) and reporting (R) channels. In spectrum sensing, a CR employs an energy detection to detect the presence of primary user (PU) and compares the received energy statistics with the DTH. The CRs with energy statistics lying in fuzzy zone are not allowed to send their sensing information to the fusion centre (FC). Further, the qualified CRs are censored (rank-based and threshold-based censoring) to report their decisions based on quality of R-channel. The incorporation of DTH-based sensing and censoring of CRs not only improves the detection performance but also reduces the transmission overhead. In spectrum access, two hybrid spectrum access schemes, namely conventional hybrid spectrum access scheme (CHSAS) and a modified hybrid spectrum access scheme (MHSAS) are studied and compared.
Role of Artificial Intelligence in Cognitive Radio Networks
Authors: Singhal Shikha , Gupta Shashank , Sinha Adwitiya
Published: July 2018

The role of artificial intelligence techniques and its impact in context of cognitive radio networks has become immeasurable. Artificial intelligence redefines and empowers the decision making and logical capability of computing machines through the evolutionary process of leaning, adapting, and upgrading its knowledge bank accordingly. Significant functionalities of artificial intelligence include sensing, collaborating, learning, evolving, training, dataset, and performing tasks. Cognitive radio enables learning and evolving through contextual data perceived from its immediate surrounding. Cognitive science aims at acquiring knowledge by observing and recording externalities of environment. It allows self-programming and self-learning with added intelligence and enhanced communicational capabilities over wireless medium. Equipped with cognitive technology, the vision of artificial intelligence gets broadened towards optimizing usage of radio spectrum by accessing spectrum availability, thereby reducing channel interferences while communication among licensed and non-licensed users.
Effects on Employee Motivation of Working Conditions in National/International F&B Enterprises
Authors: Başarangil İlke , Altıntaş Emre
Published: July 2018

The purpose of this research is to examine the effect of variables on the working conditions of national/international chain F&B enterprises on employee motivation. One hundred and sixty-four people working in 11 chain F&B enterprises in Turkey, in Kırklareli province, participated in the survey. The sampling method was used easy sampling for research. The research was conducted by applying survey technique from quantitative research methods. Regression analysis, factor analysis, Mann Whitney U, and Kruskal Wallis analysis were performed in the analysis of the obtained data. As a result of the factor analysis performed, two different components were obtained under working conditions and three different components were obtained in the context of motivational variables. As a result of the simple linear regression analysis performed, it is found that a significant part of the change in the motivation variable depends on the working conditions. Research results are thought to be beneficial to F&B managers.
Work-Life Balance in Tourism Industry
Authors: Turanlıgil F. Gül , Farooq Muhammad
Published: July 2018

The modern era of competition and commercialization changed working patterns. Paradigm change of competitive global world has caused many challenges and conflicts arising as a result of an increased competition amongst industries. Business has become proactive, aggressive, and demanding in order to stand tall in this competition. Every industry requires workers to be actively involved and devote comprehensively, but specifically, tourism and hospitality requires an extra mile. Workload is different than other industries. Comprehensive view is given on the conditions of hospitality and tourism industry faces keeping up with the contemporary business environment of this sector and how this sector suffers due to the work-life balance conflicts. Furthermore, insights on work-life balance and conflicts that rises on the horizon for hospitality industry worker, difference of work-life balance in this industry, link of performance and balanced work-life, and most importantly, role of human resources policies are given.
Unlocking the Employment Opportunities in Tourism Industry at Hadoti Region With the Help of Tourism Education
Authors: Sharma Anukrati
Published: July 2018

The tourism and hospitality industry is a major source of employment. This chapter identifies the possible sources of employment through tourism and tourism education. Additionally, the chapter outlines immense tourism opportunities in the region in order to enhance the employment and business ventures. The chapter highlighted the relevance of tourism education to generating and availing job opportunities. The chapter also highlights the factors and challenges which diminish the success of tourism industry at the region likewise – lack of tourism education courses, poor infrastructure, and lack of proper transport services, event management companies, seasonality, and lack of marketing of tourism attraction/tourism products. The region compromises great potential for employability in tourism and hospitality industry despite of it the region is suffering a lot due to unemployment. The major cause is non-availability of professional courses in tourism, travel, and hospitality.
Open and Big Data as a Resource to the Development of Social Innovation Initiatives and Smart Territories
Authors: Melro Ana Luísa Rego , Oliveira Lídia
Published: July 2018

The chapter aims to reflect on how social innovation and entrepreneurship (SIE) initiatives can mobilize the existing knowledge of open data on the territory in order to generate more knowledge and support the decision-making process. It therefore wants to answer the questions: How do the available data help the decision-making process of SIE initiatives? Can access to data and its analysis contribute to the resolution of social problems in a faster and more sustainable way? In order to support the answer to the previous questions, the database of the IES-SBS network (a non-profit organization whose mission is to empower social entrepreneurs) and interviews conducted with key informants were analyzed. It is concluded that access to data needs to be converted into a logical framework of information, but when this happens data/information can help the decision-making processes of SEI initiatives. This way the solution of social problems will be more quick, sustainable, and smart.
Discovery of New Knowledge for an LMS at Jordanian Universities
Authors: Al Amoush Abdeleh Bassam , Sandhu Kamaljeet
Published: July 2018

Learning management system (LMS) is an important tool and well suited as a learning tools and activity in universities high education. However, each institute has a different LMS tool that allows to users (management, instructors, and students) to use it for daily activity. This chapter investigates the existing LMSs at Jordanian universities, the functionality of an LMS, the strengths and weaknesses of an LMS, and the status of the LMS in higher education. The difference between the most popular LMS tools will then be discussed at Jordanian universities. This approach used to identify important factors that could or do affect the acceptance of using an LMS at Jordanian universities.
Digital (or Virtual) Hoarding
Authors: Oravec Jo Ann
Published: July 2018

This article outlines hoarding issues involving virtual goods (including databases, videos, images, avatars, and digital documents) in workplaces, households, and personal contexts. It explores the implications of the growing literature on digital or virtual hoarding for psychological as well as organizational approaches to computing technology. It covers related security issues, intellectual property concerns, and matters pertaining to information flow in organizational settings, which often provide models for individuals as to how to preserve their own information-related materials. The article includes reflections about moral and personal dimensions of virtual hoarding, with emphases on information ethics and the opportunistic appropriation of organizational or household data for individual gain. It underscores the importance of education on how archiving practices can assist in dealing with digital hoarding issues. Organizations along with individuals face substantial losses through compulsions to “save” virtual goods without appropriate strategies for managing them over time.
Research on Facial Expression Recognition Technology Based on Convolutional-Neural-Network Structure
Authors: Guo Junqi , Shan Ke , Wu Hao , Bie Rongfang , You Wenwan , Lu Di
Published: July 2018

Human facial expressions change so subtly that recognition accuracy of most traditional approaches largely depend on feature extraction. In this article, the authors employ a deep convolutional neural network (CNN) to devise a facial expression recognition system to discover deeper feature representation of facial expression. The proposed system is composed of the input module, the pre-processing module, the recognition module and the output module. The authors introduce jaffe and ck+ to simulate and evaluate the performance under the influence of different factors (e.g. network structure, learning rate and pre-processing). The authors also examine the anti-noise property of the system with zero-mean gaussian white noise. In addition, they simulate the recognition accuracy on different expression pairs and discuss the confusion issue on similar expression recognition. Finally, they introduce the k-nearest neighbor (KNN) algorithm compared with CNN to make the results more convincing.
Technologized Talk
Authors: Trauth Erin , Browning Ella R.
Published: July 2018

In this study, the authors examine patient use of and feelings about wearable technologies for health attainment and management. Based on an online survey of 81 patients using wearable technologies to track and manage health, as well as interviews with three patients utilizing wearables for health management, the authors examine how wearable technologies are being used by patients to attain health, manage health, and/or prevent health issues, and what value users find in these wearable technologies. The authors also examine how such use is impacting communication between medical professionals and patients. Specifically, the authors explore how the inclusion of wearable technologies has changed the “rhetorical relationship” between patients and medical professionals. The study concludes with a discussion of the future of wearable devices in patient-medical practitioner relationships and clinical settings.
MIKE
Authors: Sice Petia Venkova , Thirkle Steven Anthony , Ogwu Suzannah A.
Published: July 2018

This article takes an ecological perspective that views management systems and information systems as dimensions of the overall business platform. The concepts of double-loop learning and knowledge creation are found to be useful in contemplating, explaining and evaluating the role of Information Systems in organisations. It is argued that the role of information systems is to support, facilitate and improve the knowledge creation and knowledge implementation processes in the organisation the skills of awareness and reflection need to be enacted within the communication processes of organizations. Dialogue is considered fundamental to learning and creativity.
Mobile App to Support Teaching in Distance Mode at Fiji National University
Authors: Kumar Bimal Aklesh , Chand Sailesh
Published: July 2018

In order to assist in delivering of courses in distance mode at Fiji National University a mobile learning app was designed and evaluated. The main objective of this app was to provide learning support to learners who are studying in distance mode. The app was designed for android based smart phones and usability study was conducted to evaluate the app. The evaluation was conducted using twenty students who examined the system for ease of use, usefulness and user satisfaction. The results highlighted minor usability problems hence recommendations were derived to improve the app.
Reward preferences in South Africa’s media industry
Authors: Bussin Mark H.R. , Thabethe Nokwanda N.
Published: July 2018

Orientation: Employee remuneration is a key driver of employee engagement and thus organisational performance. A thorough understanding of employee needs is essential to enable management to develop an equitable mix in reward strategy.Research purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine context-specific reward preferences in order to determine the overall reward preferences of employees in the media industry with the aim of improving existing reward strategies.Motivation for the study: The focus on reward preferences has emerged as a critical element in identifying what really motivates productive behaviour within the workplace. A better understanding of reward preferences is required to find ways to improve performance within the world of work.Research approach/design and method: The research was a quantitative, empirical and descriptive study of reward preferences in an industry-specific context. A self-administered survey was used as a measure and analysed using non-parametric tests to identify variances between dependent and independent groups, testing for internal consistency and non-parametric analysis of variance (ANOVA).Main findings: The following five reward preferences were rated as most important by participants: base pay or salary, merit increase that is linked to personal performance, incentives and bonus, safety and security at the workplace, and market-related salary. The results indicated that monthly salary (base pay) is the most preferred and/or significant reward category in attracting, retaining and motivating employees.Practical/managerial implications: Managers in South Africa’s media industry should investigate their organisations’ rewards through the perspective of the total rewards concept to assess and develop an equitable mix in reward strategy. A comprehensive analysis of reward preferences is required to ensure that all aspects that promote the attraction, retention and motivation of employees are taken into consideration. The importance of base pay should not be under-estimated as it represents the most significant reward preference for employees in the South African media industry.Contribution/value add: This study adds to the body of social science research, providing a deeper understanding of reward preferences, specifically in the context-specific setting.
Cornish ethnicity and undercounting: utilising the 2001 England and Wales Census to develop an accurate measurement methodology.
Authors: Husk Kerryn , Green Alison
Published: July 2018

In this paper we outline results from exploratory research which aimed to provide better estimates of self-identified Cornish ethnic group affiliation in Cornwall, a county in the South West of the UK. For the first time the 2001 England and Wales Census recorded a 'write-in' Cornish identity category – however the lack of a dedicated tick-box and limited publicity around the option meant that the result was likely to undercount the true population. We utilise data from a range of sources about Cornish ethnicity to derive weights for the Census result based around statistical means. We subsequently apply these weights to posit a more likely estimate of 25-30% rather than the 6.7% reported. The limitations inherent in such an exploratory model of analysis limit our conclusions, but we feel that our result engages with the methodological literature around small-scale survey measures as well as the ethnicity measurement literature more broadly. We conclude that a group of individuals who share some commonality of response, regardless of the methodological or philosophical problems surrounding the measure, are an interesting topic of study for social science and can inform subsequent analyses of relative position.
Measuring Commitment to Environmental Sustainability: The Development of a Valid and Reliable Measure
Authors: Alcock Ian
Published: July 2018

The development of a seven item scale to measure commitment to environmental sustainability is described. The items ask about pro-environmental behaviour in general terms, and avoid reference to specific behaviours. Scale scores are derived by summing scores on the seven items. Scores on the derived zero to 26 point scale were examined for a UK nationally representative sample of adults over the age of 16. The scores are shown to be normally distributed and the items are shown to have internal consistency. The inter-correlations between the items are all positive and significant. All items are shown to load substantially and in broadly equal degree onto the primary Principal Component. Predictive validity of the scale is demonstrated by examining the differential scores for groups whose specific behaviours are reported as more or less pro-environmental.
Non-fiction Literature and Interpretive/Qualitative Research Methods: Reflections on the Meaning of 'Social Science'
Authors: Sosenko Filip
Published: July 2018

This article attempts to add a new dimension to the meta-scientific discussion about the status of interpretive enquiry and the boundaries of 'social science'. It argues that while the existing debate tends to see qualitative research and interpretive theories in opposition to quantitative methods and structural social theory, it is equally important to examine what similarities and differences are between 'professional' qualitative enquiry and non-scholarly enterprises such as non-fiction literature (reportage, travelogue, essay), journalism and documentary filmmaking. The paper investigates research methods used by non-fiction writers and compares the scholarly and non-scholarly approaches to interpretive enquiry. The study exposes the existence of many similarities and shows that significant differences exist in theory but not so much in practice.
Modelación de los impactos del Cambio Climático sobre los flujos y almacenamientos en una cuenca de alta montaña
Authors: Orozco I. , Ramírez A. I. , Francés F.
Published: July 2018

La evaluación de los impactos del Cambio Climático en un sistema de alta montaña es un objetivo primordial en la planificación y prevención de situaciones de riesgo como son las crecidas y las inundaciones. Sin embargo, evaluar con exactitud los impactos en los principales flujos y almacenamientos que intervienen en dicho sistema no es una tarea sencilla. Por lo cual, el objetivo de este estudio ha sido implementar el modelo hidrológico TETIS como herramienta de análisis en la evaluación de los impactos del Cambio Climático a escala de celda en una cuenca. Este modelo se ha calibrado automáticamente empleando el algoritmo de optimización Shuffled Complex Evolution. En las proyecciones futuras de las variables de precipitación y temperatura usadas por el modelo TETIS, se han usado los multimodelos climáticos del Coupled Model Intercomparison Project y los escenarios del Panel Intergubernamental del Cambio Climático. Los resultados obtenidos han mostrado que existe una modificación en la dinámica del sistema presentando un mayor riesgo por avenidas máximas extraordinarias e inundaciones.
Analysis of spatial and temporal patterns of on-road NO2 concentrations in Hong Kong
Authors: Zhu Ying , Chan Ka Lok , Lam Yun Fat , Horbanski Martin , Pöhler Denis , Boll Johannes , Lipkowitsch Ivo , Ye Sheng , Wenig Mark
Published: July 2018

Abstract. In this paper we present an investigation of the spatial and temporal variability of street level concentrations of NO2 in Hong Kong as an example for a densely populated megacity with heavy traffic. For the study we use a combination of open path remote sensing and in-situ measurement techniques that allows us to separate temporal changes and spatial patterns and analyse them separately. Two measurement campaigns have been conducted, one in December 2010 and one in March 2017. Each campaign lasted for a week which allowed us to examine diurnal cycles, weekly patterns as well as spatially resolved long term changes. We combined a long-path Differential Optical Absorption Spectroscopy (DOAS) instrument with a cavity enhanced DOAS and applied several normalizations to the data sets in order to make the different measurement routes comparable. For the analysis of long term changes we used the entire unfiltered data set, for the comparison of spatial patterns we filtered out the accumulation of NO2 when stopping at traffic lights for focusing on the changes of NO2 spatial distribution instead of comparing traffic flow patterns, and for the generation of composite maps the diurnal cycle has been normalized by scaling the mobile data with coinciding citywide path-averaged measurement results. An overall descending trend from 2010 to 2017 could be observed, consistent with the observations of the ozone monitoring instrument (OMI) and the Environment Protection Department (EPD) air quality monitoring network data. However, long term difference maps show pronounced spatial structures with some areas, e.g. around subway stations, revealing an increasing trend. We could also show, that the weekend effect, which for the most part of Hong Kong shows reduced NO2 concentrations on Sundays and to a lesser degree on Saturdays, is reversed around shopping malls. Our study shows that the spatial differences have to be considered when discussing city-wide trends and can be used to put local point measurements into perspective. The resulting data set provides a better insight into on-road NO2 characteristics in Hong Kong which helps to identify heavily polluted areas and represents a useful database for urban planning and the design of pollution control measures.