bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Nature, Nation and the Dam. Narratives about the Harnessed Waterfall in Early Twentieth-Century Sweden
Authors: Zimmer Fabian
Published: March 2019

When the first large-scale hydroelectric power plants were built in Sweden at the beginning of the twentieth century, the waterfall became a twofold symbol of the Swedish nation. On the one hand, the harnessed waterfall promised unlimited energy and economic growth, and thus turned into a unifying symbol of a national productive landscape. On the other hand, the unharnessed wild waterfall, to be enjoyed by tourists seeking refuge from the modern industrial world, became a symbol of a national recreational landscape. This situation, however problematic, did not result in conflict. Taking a look at the first two state-built water power plants in Sweden, I trace how the two contrasting concepts of landscape were harmonized within public discourse. I demonstrate how engineers, architects, conservationists, tourist organisations, and journalists together produced a broad public acceptance of the drastic changes in the national landscape brought about by the construction of these power stations.
ОСОБЛИВОСТІ МОДЕЛЮВАННЯ ТЕМПЕРАТУРНОГО СТАНУ ВПУСКНИХ КЛАПАНІВ ДВЗ В ЗАДАЧАХ ПОШУКУ ПРИЧИН НЕСПРАВНОСТІ
Authors: Дмитриев Сергей Алексеевич , Хрулев Александр Эдуардович
Published: March 2019

Виконано аналіз несправностей ДВЗ, пов'язаних з перегрівом і деформацією головки впускних клапанів. Показано, що незважаючи на відсутність в спеціалізованих довідниках опису пошкоджень даного виду, на практиці вони зустрічаються. Однак пояснити такі пошкодження порушенням згоряння не вдається, особливо, в разі «виборчого» пошкодження одного з двох впускних клапанів, розташованих поруч в одній камері згоряння. На прикладі конкретного двигуна з пошкодженням впускного клапана у вигляді классічестого «тюльпана» виявлено, що термічна перевантаження може бути пов'язана з несправністю системи регулювання підйому і тривалості відкритого стану впускних клапанів. З метою визначення можливих причин пошкодження впускних клапанів виконано моделювання теплового стану впускного клапана в умовах нагріву-охолодження при впливі газу в циліндрі, повітря у впускному каналі, контактного теплообміну з сідлом і з урахуванням теплопровідності уздовж стрижня. При розробці методики розрахунку температури клапана було встановлено, що використання відомих методик для визначення коефіцієнта контактного теплообміну клапана з сідлом не дозволяє отримати достовірні значення температури клапана, в зв'язку з чим при виведенні розрахункових співвідношень були введені деякі спрощують припущення, засновані на відомих даних про температуре впускного клапана. Для розрахунку миттєвих параметрів циклу ДВЗ використовувалася програма Lotus Engine Simulation, за допомогою якої задавалися різні режими роботи, включаючи зменшені підйом і тривалість відкритого стану одного з впускних клапанів відповідно до програми регулювання. Далі шляхом моделювання робочого циклу ДВС на різних режимах визначені миттєві параметри газу і повітря, які потім були використані при розрахунку температури впускного клапана. В результаті розрахунків отримано залежності температури клапана від частоти обертання, величини підйому і тривалості відкритого стану, а також від ширини контактної поверхні з сідлом. Виявлено, що відмова в системі управління, якщо він викликає роботу двигуна на високих частотах обертання з малим підйомом впускних клапанів, може призводити до спостережуваного на практиці їх «виборчому» перегріву і деформації.
ІНЖЕНЕРНА МЕТОДИКА ВИБОРУ РАЦІОНАЛЬНИХ ГЕОМЕТРИЧНИХ ПАРАМЕТРІВ МЕМБРАННИХ ПРИВОДІВ МЕХАТРОННИХ СИСТЕМ НА ОСНОВІ ДОСЛІДЖЕННЯ НАПРУЖЕНО-ДЕФОРМОВАНОГО СТАНУ
Authors: Цибрій Юрій Олексадрович , Грабовський Георгій Геннадійович , Носко Павло Леонідович , Башта Олександр Васильович , Федорчук Світлана Володимирівна , Герасимова Ольга Вячеславівна
Published: March 2019

На основі аналізу проведеного чисельного моделювання напружено-деформованого стану сталевої мембрани гідравлічного мембранного механізму запропонована інженерна методика вибору раціональних геометричних            параметрів гідравлічних мембранних приводів з урахуванням заданого ресурсу спрацювань.
ОПТИМІЗАЦІЯ ОСНОВНИХ ПАРАМЕТРІВ ПРИ ПРОЕКТУВАННІ ДВОСТУПЕНЕВИХ ЦИЛІНДРИЧНИХ РЕДУКТОРІВ
Authors: Борозенець Григорій Михайлович , Семак Інна Вікторівна , Остапчук Анна Петрівна
Published: March 2019

Розглянуто залежність вибору основних параметрів двоступеневого циліндричного редуктора виконаного за розгорнутою схемою від оптимального розподілу передаточних чисел швидкохідної і тихохідної ступеней. Показано, що оптимальний розподіл передаточних чисел двоступеневого редуктора дає можливість  спроектувати редуктор мінімальної маси для загального машинобудування.
Isolation and partial purification of anticoagulant fractions from the venom of the Iranian snake Echis carinatus.
Authors: Babaie Mahdi , Zolfagharian Hossein , Salmanizadeh Hossein , Mirakabadi Abbas Zare , Alizadeh Hafezeh
Published: March 2019

Many snake venoms comprise different factors, which can either promote or inhibit the blood coagulation pathway. Coagulation disorders and hemorrhage belong to the most prominent features of bites of the many vipers. A number of these factors interact with components of the human blood coagulation. This study is focused on the effect of Echis carinatus snake venom on blood coagulation pathway. Anticoagulant factors were purified from the Iranian Echis carinatus venom by two steps: gel filtration (Sephadex G-75) and ion-exchange (DEAE-Sephadex) chromatography, in order to study the anticoagulant effect of crude venom and their fractions. The prothrombin time was estimated on human plasma for each fraction. Our results showed that protrombin time value was increase from 13.4 s to 170 s for F2C and to 280 s for F2D. Our study showed that these fractions of the venom delay the prothrombine time and thus can be considered as anticoagulant factors. They were shown to exhibit proteolytic activity. The molecular weights of these anticoagulants (F2C, F2D) were estimated by SDS/PAGE electrophoresis. F2C comprises two protein bands with molecular weights of 50 and 79 kDa and F2D a single band with a molecular weight of 42 kDa.
Composition of volatile in micropropagated and field grown aromatic plants from Tuscany Islands.
Authors: Pistelli Laura , Noccioli Cecilia , D'Angiolillo Francesca , Pistelli Luisa
Published: March 2019

Aromatic plant species present in the natural Park of Tuscany Archipelago are used as flavoring agents and spices, as dietary supplements and in cosmetics and aromatherapy. The plants are usually collected from wild stands, inducing a depletion of the natural habitat. Therefore, micropropagation of these aromatic plants can play a role in the protection of the natural ecosystem, can guarantee a massive sustainable production and can provide standardized plant materials for diverse economical purposes. The aim of this study is to compare the volatile organic compounds produced by the wild plants with those from in vitro plantlets using headspace solid phase micro-extraction (HS-SPME) followed by capillary gas-chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Typical plants of this natural area selected for this work were Calamintha nepeta L., Crithmum maritimum L., Lavandula angustifolia L., Myrtus communis L., Rosmarinus officinalis L., Salvia officinalis L. and Satureja hortensis L. Different explants were used: microcuttings with vegetative apical parts, axillary buds and internodes. Sterilization percentage, multiplication rate and shoot length, as well as root formation were measured. The volatile aromatic profiles produced from in vitro plantlets were compared with those of the wild plants, in particular for C. maritimum, R. officinalis, S. officinalis and S. hortensis. This study indicated that the micropropagation technique can represent a valid alternative to produce massive and sterile plant material characterised by the same aromatic flavour as in the wild grown plants.
Oral Presentations
Authors: Presentations Oral
Published: March 2019

No abstract is available for this article.
El carácter imperativo de las normas de derechos humanos como rasgo de la identidad europea
Authors: Espaliú Berdud Carlos
Published: March 2019

En este trabajo hemos estudiado el lugar que ocupan las normas que proclaman y defienden los derechos humanos en los sistemas jurídicos tanto del Consejo de Europa como de la UE, examinando qué consenso reúnen y cómo han sido protegidas frente a posibles ataques, con objeto de dilucidar si su especial protección constituye un rasgo de la identidad europea. En este sentido, hemos podido apreciar como en los ordenamientos jurídicos de estas dos organizaciones internacionales europeas los derechos humanos se tratan de proteger de forma muy especial, haciendo coherente la proclamación que en algunas disposiciones de sus tratados constitutivos se hace de los derechos humanos como uno de los valores esenciales de esas organizaciones internacionales. Además, el conjunto del resto de mecanismos jurídicos existentes en el marco del derecho del Consejo de Europa y de la UE para la protección de los derechos humanos ofrece esa misma imagen global de una intención por parte de los Estados miembros de estas organizaciones de situar a las normas proclamadoras y protectoras de los derechos humanos por encima de la voluntad de los Estados, o lo que es lo mismo, creando una especie de derecho imperativo europeo, con lo que quizá podamos concluir que el carácter imperativo de los derechos humanos es uno de los rasgos característicos de la identidad europea.Recibido: 02 julio 2018 Aceptado: 05 septiembre 2018 Publicación en línea: 27 febrero 2019
EU Identity in a Westphalian and Multicultural Context
Authors: Gómez Arana Arantza
Published: March 2019

The development of an EU identity should be supported by a legal framework to be able to justify its legitimation. Following the work of Ian Manners on normative power, this paper discusses the links between key aspects of EU values such as solidarity and human rights in a context where supporters of nation-states and Westphalian views of states have recently dominated European politics. This has had a a direct impact (or lack of) on the promotion of multiculturalism. This paper takes Greece as an example of how the EU’s approach towards this country could have been a display of solidarity and promotion of human rights but it missed the opportunity. One of the reasons for favouring a more utilitarian approach could be linked to the lack of sense and belonging to the EU society as a consequence of the barriers created by strong feelings of nationalism attached to European states and nations together with a lack of promotion of multiculturalism. It is argued that a more multicultural society could benefit from the creation of an EU identity and consequently, the creation of an EU society, EU policies, and potentially, the avoidance of future European crisis such as the one created with Brexit.Received: 02 July 2018 Accepted: 16 July 2018 Published online: 27 February 2019
Reputation and its measurement. An institutional approach
Authors: Adamska Agata , Dąbrowski Tomasz J.
Published: March 2019

The article deals with the issue of identifying and measuring institutions. As an example, reputation was taken into consideration. The analysis leads to the conclusion that reputation could be treated as an institution and could be measured in the context of its impact on economic outcomes. This measurement can be carried out at three levels of detail: micro, meso and macro, among these the third is the least recognised in new institutional economics.
Remarks on the genesis of UNRRA. Negotiations between the Great Powers and selected treaty provisions
Authors: Kowalski Kamil
Published: March 2019

As a conceptual framework, UNRRA referred to one of the four freedoms (freedom from want) mentioned by Franklin D. Roosevelt in a speech given in Congress on January 6, 1946. In the first section, the article presents early attempts to coordinate assistance for the civilian population during World War II (The Committee of Supplies and The Inter-Allied Committee on European Post-War Requirements). The scale of actions taken was very small and insufficient. In January 1942, the USSR proposed the creation of an international organization that would collect information on raw materials and food. This initiative prompted Washington and London to launch a separate competitive project. The organization’s task was to bring help until the state gained economic independence. Therefore, the organization’s goal was not to rebuild the areas affected by war damage in the long term (rehabilitation not reconstruction). In the main part, the article presents the basic issues in dispute when creating the principle of allocating aid, for example, the requirement of consent of the receiving state to receive gifts or the composition of organs of the organization. For this purpose, the exchange of notes between Washington and London was analyzed. Differences of opinions delayed the signing of the contract which did not take place until November 1943.
Electronic Diachronic Corpus and Dictionaries of Old Bulgarian
Authors: Ganeva Gergana
Published: March 2019

The electronic system histdict is designed as a tool for research, adequate presentation and popularization of a part of Bulgaria’s cultural and historical heritage: the Bulgarian language and its medieval literature. The article describes the various steps in the development of histdict. Attention is paid to each component of the resource: specialized Unicode fonts, electronic diachronic corpus, dictionary of Old Bulgarian, historical dictionary equipped with tools for writing and editing dictionary entries, grammatical dictionary, prototypical search engine, and virtual keyboard. The article also lays out the principles followed in the development of the diachronic grammatical dictionary of the Bulgarian language.
Prolegomena to the Christian Images Not Made by Human Hands
Authors: Gogola Matej
Published: March 2019

Images not made by human hands (acheiropoietai, Gr. ἀχειροποίηταιι) played a significant role in Byzantine spiritual culture and history. This paper discusses the emergence and rise of the acheiropoietai, which represented a most important and unusual element in the Byzantine Empire. The author analyses the chronological ancestors of Christian images not made by human hands, i.e. the so-called diipetes (Gr. Διιπετής), and proceeds to demonstrate the disagreements on the topic among some of the Christian Church Fathers. The imagines imperiales, i.e. effigies of Roman emperors, constituted a significant factor in the process leading to the later veneration of images not made by human hands. The most famous of the latter is the image from Edessa, also known in historiography as Mandylion of Edessa.
The Economic Condition of the Bishopric of Gaza (Palestine) during the Rule of Bishop Porphyry (circa 395–420)
Authors: Milewski Ireneusz
Published: March 2019

The study attempts to determine the economic condition of a small provincial bishopric, namely the church of Gaza (Palestine) during the rule of bishop Porphyry (circa 395–420 AD). All of the information on the subject comes from the Vita Porphyrii by Mark the Deacon – a source whose historical value has often been disputed. Although the information on the wealth of the church in Gaza at the turn of the 4th and 5th centuries is not particularly vast or illuminating, it is nevertheless possible to identify several spheres of economic activity of the Gaza bishopric. These are, among other things, the property owned by the bishopric (real estate), its cash reserves (mostly at the beginning of the 5th century), the endowments of the imperial court (given by emperor Arcadius and his wife, empress Aelia Eudoxia), as well as the charitable activity of the bishopric (especially on the occasion of erecting the Eudoxiane, probably in 407).
Leonora Neville, Guide to Byzantine Historical Writing, with the assistance of David Harrisville, Irina Tamarkina, and Charlotte Whatley, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2018, pp. XII, 322.
Authors: Leszka Mirosław J.
Published: March 2019

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Leonora Neville, Heroes and Romans in Twelfth-Century Byzantium. The Material for History of Nikephoros Bryennios, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2016, pp. XIV, 243 (paperback).
Authors: Pentek Zdzisław
Published: March 2019

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Małgorzata Skowronek, Palaea Historica. The Second Slavic Translation: Commentary and Text, trans. Y. Loske, Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego, Łódź 2016 [Series Ceranea, 3], pp. 204.
Authors: Pigoński Łukasz
Published: March 2019

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Potret Paradigma Pengembangan Pendidikan Islam di Indonesia
Authors: Muhaimin Muhaimin
Published: March 2019

Islamic education in Indonesia has long been on the topic of discussion, policies for its development has also been made. However, there are some hindrances in advancing Islamic education. It deals with the unclear paradigm of Islamic education. This article is intended to clarify some platforms of lslamic education in Indonesia. It elaborates three platforms which gives us clear ideas how to develop Islamic education in Indonesia. The madrasa development policy seeks to accommodate three main interests, namely (1) as a vehicle for fostering the spirit or practice of Islamic life; (2) clarifying its orientation to strengthen the existence of madrassas as equals with the school system, as a vehicle for developing intelligent, knowledgeable, personality and productive citizens; and (3) to respond to future demands, in the sense of being able to give birth to humans who have access to the era of globalization, industrialization and the information age.
Konsep Belajar Menurut Pandangan Islam
Authors: Lndar Djumberansyah
Published: March 2019

Islam teaching requires people to seek knowledge whenever and wherever they are. This is reflected on many hadists and verses of Al-Qur 'an. It is clearly stated that seeking knowledge is greatly pertinent for people in order that they are able to junction themselves as the chalifah. The process of learning can produce technology, which facilitates their lives.
Teaching Narrative Paragraphs Using Authentic Materials: An Alternative
Authors: Susilowati Meinarni
Published: March 2019

In general, teaching writing skills always takes a long time to arrive at the specified goals. Judging from the writing process, these skills involve various aspects of other languages so that they are often regarded as the most difficult language skills to be mastered. This article focuses on providing alternatives to teaching writing at the university level by utilizing authentic material. The lecturers can take advantage of other lecture material (novels, short stories or other texts) as the initial material for developing writing skills. Thus, to apply the information offered in this paper, a collaboration between lecturers is absolutely necessary.
Metode Pembelajaran Bahasa Arab Pada Program Khusus Perkuliahan Bahasa Arab STAIN Malang
Authors: Rosyadi A. Wahab
Published: March 2019

Arabic intensive course at UIIS Malang makes use of the materials taken from 'Mulakhos al Arobiyah Linnasyi 'in which offers the four-language skills in an integrated sequence. The nature of the materials requires the teacher to use the direct method. This descriptive research is intended to find out the teaching techniques employed by the teachers in their teaching learning process. 75 out of 82 teachers and 200 students were involved as the research subjects. The findings revealed that the teachers used an elective method by paying more attention on creating a more conducive language environment.
Keabsahan Poligami: Perspektif Muhammad Abduh dan Mahmud Syaltut
Authors: Rofiq Aunur
Published: March 2019

Polygamy nowadays becomes a hot topic which deserves great attention. From the history, it is known that it had been practiced. Several Rasuls, Ibrahim, Ya 'kub, Daud and Sulaiman had more than one wife. When Islam came to Arab peninsula, polygamy was still in practice. Islam, then, provides the rules and limits people to only have four wives. This research is aimed at analyzing Abduh’s  and Syaltut’s concepts' of polygamy. Even though the two proposed two contrasts ideas, but, seen from its norms, the two made use of justice as the main base of applying polygamy. In this sense, only few minor technical things differentiate the two concepts.
Perspektif lmplementasi Total Quality Management (TQM) Pada lnstitusi Pendidikan Tinggi
Authors: Slamet Slamet
Published: March 2019

Change of environment having the character of turbulen, bringing impact to institution management, not escape education, hence expected have to can alter orientation having the character of proaktif as influence of change of world recognized with globalization. Institution higher education represent mediator between society as society and input as service user or higher education. Therefore higher education have to pay attention importance of society as according to outcome with requirement of student, society and pay attention the quality of education with Total Quality Management (TQM) approach which during the time used many in the world of business. Reason of ht base is that education institution output will compete in labor market at free market which have been started 2003 year the, where society we will come in contact with world cleft people. Therefore require to be drawn up by human resource to anticipate the emulation, passing going concern process (improvement continous). TQM approach represent approach for the management to build a system which focusing to one who aim to to increase the quality of product (yealded jasa) on an on going basis to reach satisfaction of society. This system work by horizontal entangling all human resource, from top to bottom, extend from upstream to downstream, incluiding input link and of output and also customer.
Reorientasi Pendidikan Agama Di Sekolah
Authors: Zainuddin M.
Published: March 2019

It is not false to be said that the history of civilization is the history of human being, because in the reality, human being is the civilized creature that has ethics. Therefore, he needs education and teaching to make himself mature and developed, but he must get religious education to make himself mature. In other words, the importance of religion is not merely the letters compiled into law, but, the spirit of its religion, namely faith and affection is more important. Through that education, it is expected that the learners will have ideal personality, high solidarity, honesty, justice, harmony and get far from disintegration, violence, conflict and tension among the followers of religion.
الترادف عند اللغويين و الأصوليين
Authors: Lubis Torkis
Published: March 2019

Synonyms are words that have the same meaning in other words the same language. The language and the ushul fiqh have a view memorize the phenomenon of synonyms. The reality is that synonyms are found in Arabic, Al-Qur 'an and Al-hadith. Some experts view that it can be a word in the order of sentences replaced by synonyms, except da! am case of Al-Qur'an. Hi it's because the Qur'an, pronunciation and its meaning are Allah's revelations, read it worship.
Penerapan Hermeneutika Dalam Tafsir Pembebasan Asghar Ali Engineer
Authors: Walid Muhammad
Published: March 2019

A tendency to make liberation as paradigm to interpret holy book (al-Qur' an) is the new tendency. That is fonn of unsatisfaction into products of intepretation which is considered no relent ,with contemporary problems. Regarded the products of interpretation have ignored the revolutionary values that hare been being the ultimate mission of revelation. That is the Ali's reason to use hermeneutical approach in interpretating al Qur 'an. According to Ali Indian's conditions has relemncy with al-Qur 'an when revealed. In hermeneutical approach Ali explored the liberation and revolutionary values in the verses of Qur 'an. Ali has concluded that all verses of Qur'an have liberation values for who oppressed like in India.
Agama Dan Ekonomi Kaum Tertindas
Authors: Yunus Muh.
Published: March 2019

As what Weber and Mc. Lelland view, it is assumed that values in certain religion and culture are believed to be able to influence the followers' behavior which are implied on the economic growth. Although indirectly they influence the economic development. Although Islam teaches about the work culture, the reality shows that Indonesian economy has been well-develop yet. Religion (Islam) as Weber criticizes, does not result in capitalism industrialization as the motivator of economic development because the culture is in line with "The Spirit of Capitalism ". It is different from Calvinism; its theology is able to move the economy development of its followers. Therefore, the Moslems' problem of economic decrease has to be solved with a right strategy. In this paper, the strategy used to solve the problem is macro analysis through the model of M. Chapra’s "cycle theory.''
Fundamentalisme Dan Gerakan Radikal Islam Kontemporer(Kasus Jama'ah lslamiyah di Indonesia)
Authors: Huda Miftahul
Published: March 2019

The phenomenon of fundamentalism and radicalism at least can be seen in the case of Jemaah Jslamiyah in Indonesia. Whether or not Jemaah Islamiyah has a link with Al-Qaeda headed by Osama Bin Laden, obviously its movement has affiliations not only in Indonesia, but also in Malaysia, Singapore, and South Philippine, and even in Thailand, Burma, and Brunei. Jemaah lslamiyah is believed to be established by Abdullah Sungkar in Malaysia in /994/1995 for the aim of establishing an Islamic State. Jemaah lslamiyah is the realization of Hybrid ideology inspired by some other movements, such as Egypt Radical Moslem, Darul Islam Movement, Dewan Dakwah Islamiyah Indonesia (DDI). This movements view the effort of Christian missionary as a threat to Islam.
ISLAM DAN NEGARA: Otoritas dan Kekuasaan dalam Pemikiran Islam
Authors: Syaifuddin Helmy
Published: March 2019

Moslem world at first only understands the concept of religious and political territory; dar al Islam and dar al harb. Since the concept of state-nation as political system entity which modernism brings has covered Islamic nation, there emerges a conceptual and historical tension on the relation between Islam and politics. The presence of state-nation which holds ethnicity as the basic criteria and foundation has taken over religious stand as the attachment of national identity. It is replaced by the emergence of sense of culture and demography as well as nationalism. The idea of state-nation has replaced the idea of Islamic order for nation. This fact leads the swift of the authority and power the leader has. Within the context of tension between Islam and politics, Muhammad Arkoun proposed the solution by redefining the concept of the authority and power. It is to accept the idea of state-nation with its secular view. He argued that political regime of Moslem world after colonialism is de facto secular and controlled by Western paradigm. Therefore, Moslem can revise the idea of secularism and the regime position committed to secularism to be Islamic-based by doing great diffusion, or what Arkoun called as intellectual modernity
Pelimpahan Wewenang Ajaran “Hisbah” di Indonesia
Authors: Asnawi M. Nur
Published: March 2019

The style o f government which was used by prophet Muhammad SAW attention to good intellectvalue. He ordered“Amar Ma’ruf Nahi Munkar" in every aspect include in economics. Hisbah one o f the institute that control o f social live in general is known with main mission as commerce. There isn ’t in Indonesia league, bui systematic it is efective although there are marry kind of modification. The control league in Indonesian is operated by various department. We can find them in National Education Department, Relegious Department, Security Department, Commerce and lndustry Department, etc. All of them have to control the problem fitting with their area.
Analisis Model Pengelolaan Dana Zakat di Indonesia (Kajian Kualitatif Eksistensi Badan Amil Zakat dan Lembaga Amil Zakat)
Authors: Khasanah Umrotul
Published: March 2019

Theoretically, poverty is a phenomenon brought about by practices of economic policy that deviates the principle of equilibrium. Islam regards the economic discipline (the use of productive resources by taking into accounts of cost efficiency and most advantages of social utilily) as part of equilibrium in social responsibility. Economic function as part of social responsibility is urgently demanded by Islam in order to achieve a harmonious equilibrium in the relationship between the haves and the haves- not. In Islam, many social responsibility mechanisms can be performed among others through zakah, infak, sedekah, wakaf, jizyah, kharaj, rikaz, ghanimah, and so forth. This thesis pays attention to the problems of zakah fund management. In this research, it was found that there are four kinds of zakah fund raisers, namely the bureaucratic model, the business model, the non-government organization model (NGO/ormas) dan the traditional model zakah fund raising agents or institutions.
FUNGSI MASJID DALAM MASYARAKAT PERALIHAN
Authors: Muslimin Imam
Published: March 2019

This study is an effort to comprehend mosque by treating micro approach at specific society, that is transiting society. In Selecting mosque used as a research object, the researcher has treated micro sociology approach at restricted research is and specifically to the transiting society. In society, the mosque has been experienced to many transitional functions and value friction. For nowadays, the mosque is just like a bus station. We come of it, we take a pray and sit down for a while, then go out without any conversation even less recognizing the persons sitting beside us. Such reality needs a serious concern from the religion in under that could be well formulated back to the function of mosque properly. As a matter of fact, those efforts have been done many mites, however, it didn't show any applied formulations. Therefore, it needs certain applied formulations toward mosque functions entirely. With some varieties, the transiting society has shown enthusiasm where the mosque roles existing in many activities both education, politics, social and culture. This enthusiasm needs support from any sides in order that they would not fall down into opposite norms.
HUBUNGAN ANTARA KEMATANGAN BERAGAMA DAN KECERDASAN EMOSIONAL DENGAN DAYA TAHAN TERHADAP STRES
Authors: Rahayu Iin Tri
Published: March 2019

Adolescent age is transition time. There are many changes in the transition time. It is also generating a certain difficult problems. The unready adolescent in response their change in life will make them stress. Therefore, the research aims to know about the relationship between religion maturity and stress resistance, and the relationship between emotional intelligence and stress resistance. Sixty subjects were collected from the psychology department of UIN Malang student. The collecting of data sampling was based on the frame of purposive sampling. The used scale was religion maturity scale, emotional intelligence scale, and stress resistance scale. Data anaysis used in this study was product moment correlation. The result of this study is that there is a positive correlation between religion maturity and stress resistance (p=0.029), and moreover a positive correlation between emotional intelligence and stress resistance can be recovered here (p=0.000).
Human Capital Formation and Economic Growth in Nigeria
Authors: Oyedokun Godwin Emmanuel
Published: March 2019

This study investigates how the development of human capital is related to economic growth in Nigeria from 1980 to 2015. Data were sourced from the Central Bank of Nigeria and the National Bureau of Statistics. The study employed Augmented Dickey-Fuller (ADF) to estimate the relationship among the variables used in this study which revealed that there is a positive long-run relationship among public expenditure on education and health, total school enrolment, gross capital formation, employment rate, life expectancy rate and economic growth. The study recommended that the government should put in place the required education and training policy that would guarantee quality schooling for different level of education. Government should also commit more funds to health sector to enhance human capital formation. It was also recommended there should be more pragmatic means to develop human capabilities.
The Contribution Of Social Capital And Knowledge Management Towards Sme (Small And Medium Enterprises) Fishery In Ambon City
Authors: Parera Jolyne Myrell
Published: March 2019

Globalization era is marked by the vast development of knowledge, technology and information, which is competitively incline. Considering the fact that the global competitiveness continously grows tighter, the paradigm needs to change from resources-based competitiveness to knowledge-based competitiveness. The study on knowledge management towards fishery SMEs (Small and Medium Entreprises) tends to apply tacit knowledge directly among the persons rather than the explicit knowledge. The knowledge management is believed to be invented due to the role of the social capital in the form of trust, norm, and network that proceeds continuously among both the internal SMEs and external institutions. This research was conducted in Ambon as one of the ‘minapolitan area’ in Indonesia, and employed descriptive research method and phenomenology approach based on the assumption of reality reconstruction. As the result, this research found that the knowledge management is evidently created as a form of the social capital role both inside and outside the fishery SMEs areas.
Interplay of Sensor Quantity, Placement and System Dimension in POD-based Sparse Reconstruction of Fluid Flows
Authors: Jayaraman Balaji , Al-Mamun S. M. Abdullah , Lu Chen
Published: March 2019

Sparse recovery of fluid flows using data-driven proper orthogonal decomposition (POD) basis is systematically explored in this work. Fluid flows are manifestations of nonlinear multiscale PDE dynamical systems with inherent scale separation that impact the system dimensionality. Given that sparse reconstruction is inherently an ill-posed problem, the most successful approaches require the knowledge of the underlying basis space spanning the manifold in which the system resides. In this study, we employ an approach that learns basis from singular value decomposition (SVD) of training data to reconstruct sparsely sensed information. This results in a set of four control parameters for sparse recovery, namely, the choice of basis, system dimension required for sufficiently accurate reconstruction, sensor budget and their placement. The choice of control parameters implicitly determines the choice of algorithm as either $l_2$ minimization reconstruction or sparsity promoting $l_1$ norm minimization reconstruction. In this work, we systematically explore the implications of these control parameters on reconstruction accuracy so that practical recommendations can be identified. We observe that greedy-smart sensor placement provides the best balance of computational complexity and robust reconstruction for marginally oversampled cases which happens to be the most challenging regime in the explored parameter design space.
A Computational Procedure for the Recognition and Classification of Maize Leaf Diseases out of Healthy Leaves Using Convolutional Neural Networks
Authors: Sibiya Malusi , Sumbwanyambe Mbuyu
Published: March 2019

Plant leaf diseases can affect the plants’ leaves to an extent that the plants can collapse and die completely. These diseases may drastically drop the supply of vegetables and fruits to the market, and result in a low agricultural economy. In the literature, different laboratory methods of plant leaf disease detection have been used. These methods were time consuming and could not cover large areas for the detection of leaf diseases. This study infiltrates through the facilitated principles of the Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) in order to model a network for image recognition and classification of these diseases. Neuroph was used to perform the training of a CNN network that recognized and classified images of the maize leaf diseases that were collected by use of a smart phone camera. A novel way of training and the methodology used, expedite a quick and easy implementation of the system in practice. The developed model was able to recognize 3 different types of maize leaf diseases out of healthy leaves. The Northern Corn Leaf Blight (Exserohilum), Common Rust (Puccinia sorghi) and Gray Leaf Spot (Cerospora) diseases were chosen for this study as they affect most parts of Southern Africa’s maize fields.
Enhanced Adaptation to Low-P stress by Altering Rhizosphere Exudation and P-Uptake Rate other than Root Morphological Traits in Two Maize Genotypes
Authors: Tang Hongliang , Wang Yazhou , Niu Le , Jing Wei , Chen Yinglong
Published: March 2019

Alterations in root morphology and physiology are important strategies in plants to adapt to low-phosphorus (P) environments. Maize genotypes differed in nitrogen (N) efficiency may also respond differently to low P stress. This study aimed to investigate the responses of root morphological and physiological traits of these two maize cultivars to P deficit and how these traits were linked with the acquisition of soil P. Two maize cultivars, XY335 (N efficient) and ZD958 (N inefficient), were cultivated for 40 days in a calcareous loamy soil amended with (high P) or without (low P) P. Functional root traits were used to evaluate the morphological and physiological responses to low P supply. Two separate short-term experiments determined the correlation between P uptake rate and P supply intensity (hydroponic) or root hair length under two P treatments (rhizobox). Low P status significantly simulated biomass allocation to roots, specific root length and exudations of carboxylates, while decreased root diameter and rhizosphere pH in both maize cultivars. Two cultivars had different total root length and root surface area under low P stress: increased in ZD958 and decreased in XY335. Both genotypes developed longer root hair under P deficit. ZD958 (greater biomass and shoot P content) has a greater capability at accessing soil P than XY335. Rhizosphere exudation of citric acid was significantly higher in ZD958 than in XY335, while there was not significant genotypic difference in rhizosphere pH and exudation of malic acid and acid phosphatase activity. ZD958 had higher P uptake rate than XY335 when solution P was between 12.5 and 250 µM. This study identified ZD958 as a P-efficient genotype, which better adapted to low P stress by altering root physiological traits (exudation of citric acid and P uptake rate), rather than root morphological traits (total root length, root surface area, root hair length). Our results highlight the importance of analyzing root morphological and physiological traits to enhance our understanding of the physiological mechanisms of P acquisition.
Location Privacy in the Wake of the GDPR
Authors: Georgiadou Yola , de By Rolf , Kounadi Ourania
Published: March 2019

The General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) protects the personal data of natural persons and at the same time allows the free movement of such data within the European Union (EU). Hailed as majestic by admirers and dismissed as protectionist by critics, the Regulation is expected to have a profound impact around the world, including in the African Union (AU). For European–African consortia conducting research that may affect the privacy of African citizens, the question is ‘how to protect personal data of data subjects while at the same time ensuring a just distribution of the benefits of a global digital ecosystem?’ We use location privacy as a point of departure, because information about an individual’s location is different from other kinds of personally identifiable information. We analyse privacy at two levels, individual and cultural. Our perspective is interdisciplinary: we draw from computer science to describe three scenarios of transformation of volunteered/observed information to inferred information about a natural person and from cultural theory to distinguish four privacy cultures emerging within the EU in the wake of GDPR. We highlight recent data protection legislation in the AU and discuss factors that may accelerate or inhibit the alignment of data protection legislation in the AU with the GDPR.
Control Domain Wall Motion by Different Depth Trenches in Submicron Permalloy Wires
Authors: Wu Cheng-Yi , Yen Shiow-Kang
Published: March 2019

Domain walls were studied for permalloy wires with different depth trenches (500 nm wide, 30 nm thick, 7.5 µm long, the depth of the trench was 0, 4, 5, 8, 10, 12 and 15nm). Permalloy (Ni80Fe20) wires were fabricated by electron beam lithography and Ar ion milling. When the depth of trench is smaller than 12 nm, the switching field (Hs) is increasing with the deeper trench. However, the depth of trench is bigger than half depth of thickness, the Hs is decreasing with the deeper trench. We believed that Hs increased as the trench depth increased was because the magnetic diploes force increased between the magnetic poles on two sides of the trench. The domains of the wires were divided by the trenches and the domain walls were pinned on the trenches these were confirmed by magnetic force microscopy images.
Demonstration of Bomb Detection Using the IBM Quantum Computer
Authors: Raj Ankit , Das Barnali , Behera Bikash K. , Panigrahi Prasanta K.
Published: March 2019

According to Copenhagen interpretation, a quantum particle can exist in a superposition of all possible states, out of which only one state is observed when it is measured. Interestingly, it has been observed that interaction with the quantum particle during measurement can also affect the outcome of the state. A scheme for interaction free measurement was proposed by Elitzur and Vaidman [Found. Phys. 23, 987 (1993)], where they used Mach Zehnder interferometer to detect whether a bomb is alive or dead. In 25 % of the cases they were able to detect that the bomb is alive without exploding it. Here, we demonstrate the above experiment using quantum computing, which can be realized in a quantum computer designing quantum circuits on it. We explicate all the cases, including whether the bomb is alive or dead by proposing new quantum circuits and executing those in QISKit as provided by IBM Quantum Experience platform and verify the obtained results.
Growth Behavior of Au Films on SiO2Film and Direct Transfer for Smoothing Au Surfaces
Authors: Yamamoto Michitaka , Matsumae Takashi , Kurashima Yuichi , Takagi Hideki , Suga Tadatomo , Itoh Toshihiro , Higurashi Eiji ,   National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST) 1-2-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8564, Japan,   Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Japan,   School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
Published: March 2019

Direct transfer of Au films deposited on smooth SiO2film with RMS (root mean square) surface roughness of 0.24 nm was investigated with the aim of generating smooth Au surfaces. Deposited Au films with different thicknesses were transferred to rough Au surfaces on target substrates at room temperature with a contact pressure of 50 MPa. Observation of the growth behavior of the deposited films revealed that they formed a continuous structure when their nominal film thickness was around 15 nm or above. The transfer of continuous Au films with a thickness of 20, 51, or 102 nm reduced the RMS roughness of the rough Au surfaces from 1.6 nm to 0.4 nm. In contrast, the transfer of Au films with a thickness less than 5 nm increased their surface roughness. This direct transfer technique should thus be useful for low temperature bonding.
Atherosclerosis and Osteoporosis. Common Targets for the Effects of Cardiovascular and Anti-osteoporotic Drugs (Part I). The Effect of Cardiovascular Drugs on Bone Strength
Authors: Skripnikova I. A. , Alikhanova N. A. , Kolchinа M. A. , Myagkova M. A. , Kosmatova O. V.
Published: March 2019

Daily use of antihypertensive and lipid-lowering drugs in clinical practice dictates the need for knowledge of their pleiotropic effects. The article presents the results of studies of the effect of cardiovascular drugs, such as statins, beta-blockers, ACE inhibitors, diuretics, calcium antagonists and nitrates on bone mineral density and fractures associated with osteoporosis. The mechanisms of action of drugs on bone mass, markers of bone metabolism, the frequency of fractures in osteoporosis are discussed. Most studies show that the use of cardiac drugs along with a positive effect on the vascular wall, slow bone resorption and increase bone mass. Knowledge of the additional effect on bone metabolism of drugs used in cardiovascular diseases allows to choose an adequate therapy and improve the prognosis of both diseases.
L'exil dans la création romanesque de Jacques Folch-Ribas
Authors: Fernández Rodríguez Áurea
Published: March 2019

En la vida real de Jacques Folch-Ribas hay que destacar tres etapas fundamentales que marcaron su existencia y su creación literaria. El objetivo de este artículo consiste en analizar el exilio en la creación novelística de este autor que, como muchos otros españoles, se ha visto en la obligación de escapar a las duras represalias franquistas desde el Alzamiento militar en 1936.
Knowledge Management di Perpustakaan Perguruan Tinggi
Authors: Haryanto Haryanto
Published: March 2019

Knowledge management atau manajemen pengetahuan di perpustakaan perguruan tinggi merupakan suatu sistem yang diaplikasikan karena kebutuhan akan suatu sistem manajemen informasi. Dalam karya ilmiah ini menyajikan kajian singkat kinerja perpustakaan perguruan tinggi berkaitan dengan implementasi knowledge management di perpustakaan perguruan tinggi. Pengkajian dilaksanakan secara deskriptif melalui kajian pustaka dan mengemukakan kinerja perpustakaan perguruan tinggi dalam knowledge manajemen. Hasil analisis, Pengetahuan yang dikaji perpustakaan perguruan tinggi dalam kaitannya dengan knowledge management meliputi: Pengetahuan manajemen perpustakaan, Pengetahuan terkait studi pemustaka, Pengetahuan tentang koleksi perpustakaan serta informasi di dalamnya dan Pengetahuan tentang fasilitas dan teknologi perpustakaan yang tersedia. Perpustakaan perguruan tinggi perlu berfokus pada pengembangan kemampuan dinamis (upgrade skills) sumberdayanya, untuk mempertahankan keunggulan kompetitif mereka agar tetap relevan dalam jangka waktu yang lebih lama. Implementasi Knowledge Management lebih dari sekedar sebuah proyek, keberhasilan penerapan knowledge management membutuhkan pandangan jauh ke depan dan perencanaan.