bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Health System Research: Development, Designs and Methods
Authors: Ram Bhandar Tulsi
Published: December 2019

Health system research concerns with health system and its results provide the bases to managers, policy makers as well as community people to make evidence based decision. There are different interpretations of what a health system is. In narrow meaning, health system is considered the different levels of the health care services such as central level health care, state/ provincial level health care, regional/zonal/district level health care and local level health care. In broad aspect, health system covers different aspects of society such as socio-economic status, culture, religion, education, politics, public sector, private sectors which are the major determinants of social epidemiology. It is also a knowledge generation to improve how societies organise to achieve health goals and contributes to sound, socially relevant and ethically acceptable guidelines for more effective, efficient and sustainable health policies and systems.

Key words: Health system research, development, designs, methods, healthcare research
Health, Nutrition and Care for Senior Citizens of Nepal in Twenty First Century
Authors: Adhikari Sushil
Published: December 2019

Modernization has a greater impact over the population ageing from developed to developing countries. Nepal also could not remain untouched by it. Urbanization, social transformation and migration to immigration type of social phenomenon have been separating the family members. Not only that but also the desire of living with freedom and independent life has a powerful effect upon the life of senior citizens in Nepal. Lack of education, social security by government and sufficient income source of a notable population after 60s is living under poor standard. The occupation of farming in the past used to be common in joint family life including very less number representing the high level business family. Where there was not such a problem of isolation and lack of nutrition and care for those citizens due to level of education. A large number living in the rural areas whether single or old couple has rare choice of food due to income even it is quite difficult to afford for simple medicine. The population of the less developed regions is ageing rapidly, too. Over the next four decades, the population aged 60 and over in the developing world is projected to triple from 473 million in 2009 to 1.6 billion in 2050. The older population itself is ageing at an accelerated rate with the population aged 80 and over projected to increase four-fold, to reach 395 million in 2050. The Second World Assembly on Ageing, which took place in Madrid, Spain, in April 2002, adopted the Madrid International Plan of Action on Ageing, to respond to the opportunities and challenges of population ageing in the twenty-first century and to promote the development of a society for all ages. In this context Nepal has to prepare a draft of own charter to address the issues of aging population.

Key words: Modernization, Population ageing, Developing countries, Health, Social Security
Dengue is spreading alarmingly in Nepal: Integrated efforts are required for Prevention and Control
Authors: Prasad Paneru Damaru
Published: December 2019

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Cytoprotective effect of Terminalia chebula Retz against Oxygen-Glucose Deprivation on Rat Pheochromocytoma Cell
Authors: Jamarkattel-Pandit Nirmala , Raj Pandit Naba , Parajuli Baral Kalpana , Kim Hocheol
Published: December 2019

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Perceived Risk of HIV Infection among Spouses of Migrant Workers and Non-migrants in Bardiya District , Nepal
Authors: Sharma Bimala , Kumar Poudyal Amod , Shrestha Binjwala
Published: December 2019

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Prevalance of Saesarean Section among Different Castes in Western Nepal
Authors: Kumar Thapa Raj , Bhandari Bishrawa , Adhikari Kapil , Katila Pramila , Baral Prativa , Muhammad Khan Gulam
Published: December 2019

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Antioxidant Activity, Total Phenol and Flavanoid Contents in Some Selected Medicinal Plants of Nepal
Authors: Parajuli Sabina , Tilija Pun Nirmala , Parajuli Shraddha , Jamarkattel-Pandit Nirmala
Published: December 2019

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Knowledge and Attitude toward Drug Use and Sexual Behavior among Higher Secondary Level Students in Pokhara
Authors: Shrestha Niranjan
Published: December 2019

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Intestinal Parasitosis among School Going Children
Authors: Prasad Sherchand Shardulendra , Raj Joshi Dev , Adhikari Nabaraj , Gurung Krishna , Panta Krishna , Pun Ramesh , Shrestha Dipendra , Parajuli Keshab
Published: December 2019

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Utilization of Maternal Health Services in Nepal
Authors: Raj Poudel Deepak , Pitamanaket Orapin
Published: December 2019

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The Community Management Strategies for Primary Health Care Services through Local Governance System
Authors: Laxmi Shakya Karuna
Published: December 2019

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RPSAP52 lncRNA Inhibits p21Waf1/CIP Expression by Interacting With the RNA Binding Protein HuR
Authors: D’Angelo Daniela , Arra Claudio , Fusco Alfredo
Published: December 2019

Long noncoding RNAs have been recently demonstrated to have an important role in fundamental biological processes, and their deregulated expression has been found in several human neoplasias. Our group has recently reported a drastic overexpression of the long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) RPSAP52 (ribosomal protein SA pseudogene 52) in pituitary adenomas. We have shown that this lncRNA increased cell proliferation by upregulating the expression of the chromatinic proteins HMGA1 and HMGA2, functioning as a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) through competitively binding to microRNA-15a (miR-15a), miR-15b, and miR-16. The aim of this work was to identify further mechanisms by which RPSAP52 overexpression could contribute to the development of pituitary adenomas. We investigated the involvement of RPSAP52 in the modulation of the expression of cell cycle-related genes, such as p21Waf1/CIP, whose deregulation plays a critical role in pituitary cell transformation. We report that RPSAP52, interacting with the RNA binding protein HuR (human antigen R), favors the delocalization of miR-15a, miR-15b, and miR-16 on the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21Waf1/CIP1 that, accordingly, results in downregulation in pituitary adenomas. A RNA immunoprecipitation sequencing (RIPseq) analysis performed on cells overexpressing RPSAP52 identified 40 messenger RNAs (mRNAs) enriched in Argonaute 2 (AGO2) immunoprecipitated samples. Among them, we focused on GAS8 (growth arrest-specific protein 8) gene. Consistently, GAS8 expression was downregulated in all the analyzed pituitary adenomas with respect to normal pituitary and in RPSAP52-overepressing cells, supporting the role of RPSAP52 in addressing genes involved in growth inhibition and cell cycle arrest to miRNA-induced degradation. This study unveils another RPSAP52-mediated molecular mechanism in pituitary tumorigenesis.
Embedded Rising Declaratives and Embedded Quotation
Authors: Rudin Deniz
Published: December 2019

Declarative sentences uttered with rising intonation are used to ask biased questions. Do they share a denotation with interrogatives, despite their declarative form? Or do they serve as requests for information despite sharing a denotation with other declaratives? This paper explores the behavior of rising declaratives embedded under rogative speech-act verbs, and shows them to be invariably quotative. As such, these observations might just as likely pose problems for the semantics of embedded quotation under rogative verbs as for the semantics of rising declaratives. This paper pursues the former path.
The search for truth: Appositives weigh in
Authors: Kroll Margaret , Rysling Amanda
Published: December 2019

The semantic and pragmatic contribution of appositives to their containing sentence is a subject of continuing debate. While unidimensional semantic accounts propose that appositives contribute their truth conditions to their containing sentence, multidimensional accounts predict that they do not. In three experiments, we directly compared judgments of the truth of sentences containing appositives and sentences containing conjunctions. Our findings contribute both a method- ological and a theoretical point. First, we show that no conclusions about the truth-conditional contributions of appositives can be drawn from experimental work without further investigation of how participants provide truth value judgments for complex sentences. Second, we show that while appositives appear to contribute truth values to their containing sentences, participants are highly sensitive to task features when they compute the truth value of sentences with appositives and also, crucially, with conjunctions. Specifically, we show that both sentences containing appositives and those containing conjunctions can be judged true even when the appositive or one conjunct is patently false. We conclude that it is unlikely that these results reflect semantic judgments, and suggest that they reflect truth only at the speech-act level.
The Romance of Modal Superlatives as Degree Descriptions
Authors: Loccioni Nicoletta
Published: December 2019

In this paper, I present a novel compositional analysis of modal predicative superlatives, that is, predicative superlatives accompanied by modal adjectives such as possible, as that in (1). (1) Mary wanted to be the prettiest possible. I argue that they are elliptical bona fide degree-relative clauses denoting maximal degrees and whose semantic contribution is similar to that of Measure Phrases. This account will require a novel composition of the superlative which involves the formation of an ordered set and the selection of a maximal element. I argue that not only is this account able to derive their peculiar semantics (dispensing us from the ad hoc components that previous accounts posited), but it can also capture the morphosyntax of these constructions, especially in Romance languages, which turn out more informative than English in this respect.
Getting quantifying-into questions uniformly: Functionality, domain exhaustivity, and quantificational variability
Authors: Xiang Yimei
Published: December 2019

Questions with a quantifier have readings that seem to involve quantification-into questions (QIQ). This paper provides a uniform compositional analysis of these readings. I propose that QIQ-readings are special functional readings —— the question nucleus involves a functional dependency between the quantifier and wh-trace.I argue that the seeming QIQ-effect is derived by extracting a minimal set that satisfies a quantificational predication condition. The possible values of this minimal set determine whether QIQ-readings are available and whether a question admits a pair-list answer and/or a choice answer. This analysis also explains the contrast between ∀-questions and multi-wh questions with respect to domain exhaustivity, and accounts for the quantificational variability effects in embeddings.
Unconditionals and free choice unified
Authors: Szabolcsi Anna
Published: December 2019

Rawlins (2013: 160) observes that both unconditionals and more classical free choice can be meta-characterized using orthogonality, but does not actually unify the two. One reason may be that in English, different expressions serve in these roles. By contrast,  in Hungarian, AKÁR expressions serve as NPIs, FCIs, and unconditional adjuncts, but not as interrogatives or free relatives. This paper offers a unified account of the Hungarian data, extending Chierchia 2013 and Dayal 2013. The account produces the same unconditional meanings that Rawlins derives from an interrogative basis. This result highlights the fact that sets of alternatives arise from different morpho-syntactic sources and are utilized by the grammar in different ways, but the results may fully converge.
Epistemic modals, deduction, and factivity: new insights from the epistemic future
Authors: Mihoc Teodora , Bhadra Diti , Falaus Anamaria
Published: December 2019

The epistemic future (e.g., the epistemic uses of English will) is often analyzed on a par with epistemic must. We provide novel empirical evidence from English and Romanian in deduction and factive contexts to argue that this identical treatment is not warranted. We propose a unified solution based on novel ways to (i) look at weakness in must and will and (ii) encode the factive presupposition when the complement of the factive is a modalized proposition (an interaction that, to our knowledge, has not been analyzed formally before). The account connects to existing debates on strength in necessity modals, on epistemic future and future tense, and on the embedding of epistemic (and other flavor) modals under attitudes.
At-issueness in direct quotation: the case of Mayan quotatives
Authors: AnderBois Scott
Published: December 2019

In addition to lexical verbs of saying, many languages have more grammaticized means for reporting the speech of others. This paper presents the first detailed formal account of one such device: quotative morphemes in Mayan languages, with a focus on Yucatec Maya ki(j). When mentioned in previous literature, quotatives have either been regarded as a special kind of verb of saying or reportative evidential. I argue that quotatives have important differences (and some similarities) with both verbs of saying and reportatives. To capture these properties, I propose a ‘scoreboard’ account where quotative ki(j) signals that the co-occurring quotative material demonstrates a move in an in-narrative scoreboard.
The Syntax of Assertion and Presupposition
Authors: Djärv Kajsa
Published: December 2019

This paper addresses the question of how assertion and presuppositionare reflected in the grammar. Since Kiparsky & Kiparsky (1970) and Hooper &Thompson (1973), it’s often been suggested that these notions provide the semanticpragmaticunderpinning for a range of complementation patterns, including thelicensing of so-called Main Clause Phenomena [MCP]. This paper presents a newlarge-scale experimental study, investigating the lexical and semantic-pragmaticlicensing conditions of four types of MCP (Verb Second [V2], topicalization, speechact adverbs, and scene setting adverbs) in English, Swedish, and German. Thecentral contribution of this paper is demonstrating what precise dimensions ofassertion and presupposition are reflected in the grammar: for embedded V2, whatmatters is the discourse status of the embedded proposition as new vs. Given (inthe sense of Schwarzschild 1999); a dimension which cross-cuts both factive andnon-factive verbs. The other MCP investigated show no sensitivity to either of thelexical or pragmatic factors investigated. We further show that Givenness is notreflected in a (null) DP-layer, contrary to previous claims.
Compositional analysis for clausal exceptives
Authors: Vostrikova Ekaterina
Published: December 2019

In this paper I argue that English exceptive constructions introduced by 'except' that appear to have a phrasal structure can be underliyingly clausal. I offer a compositional analysis for such exceptive constructions. I propose that an except- clause introduces quantification over possible situations and serves as a restrictor of this quantification. I show how this analysis derives the inferences exceptives come with and the known restrictions on their use.
Obtaining intraoral subepithelial connective tissue graft: Dermabrasion Technique- Case report
Authors: Nunes Marcelo Pereira , Nunes Luís Fernando Pereira , Ribeiro João Carlos Bittencourt , Pinho Roberto Mourão , Souza Camila Agra de , Dias Rayanne Soraia Aguiar de Melo , Cimões Renata
Published: December 2019

Objectives: The present study aims to describe the dermabrasion technique to obtain connective tissue rich in collagen, with satisfactory thickness and anatomy, removing the epithelial layer with diamond drill in high speed handpiece and under refrigeration.

Materials and Methods: A 50-year-old patient was selected for immediate dental implant (element 25) and soft tissue augmentation in the periodontal and peri-implant region. An epithelial connective tissue graft was performed in the area comprising elements 23, 24, 25 and mesial of 26. For the preparation of the donor area of the graft, the dermabrasion technique was used through a spherical diamond drill bit (medium or thick granulation) in high speed and under refrigeration, being able to remove the epithelium without losing part of the subepithelial layer.

Results: The healing process is by second intention and presented a normal evolution with formation of adequate tissues.

Conclusions: The Dermabrasion technique allows to obtain adequate grafts, removing the epithelial layer in a simple way and guarantee the desired thickness.
Mechanical properties of solid glass bricks
Authors: Fíla Jiří , Eliášová Martina , Sokol Zdeněk
Published: December 2019

Glass as one of the oldest building materials has been used for centuries to fill window openings. In recent years is it increasingly used also for load-bearing structural elements such as beams, columns, ribs, railings, etc. In addition to flat glass and hollow glass blocks, which have been used historically for non-load-bearing partitions and facades, new load bearing structures from solid glass bricks are arising. Their greater use is hampered by a lack of knowledge of their material properties. Also, their joining is difficult, as can be seen from the realized structures and published works focused on the glass bricks masonry. Most often, transparent adhesives or special mortars are used on the joint between glass bricks. In addition to some examples of completed glass brick structures, the paper is aimed at determining the material properties of glass bricks, which are a prerequisite for the design of safe structures. Two sets of experiments were performed. There were made three-point bending tests and compression tests to determine the bending tensile strength, modulus of elasticity and compressive strength of glass bricks.
Research of undrained shear strength of till fine soils (moraine)
Authors: Gribulis Domas , Žaržojus Gintaras , Gadeikis Saulius , Gadeikytė Sonata , Urbaitis Donatas
Published: December 2019

The undrained soil strength is specific to fine soils or to sands with a lot of fines. It is very important characteristic and the evaluation of accurate value is significant step. The undrained soil shear strength can be estimated directly in laboratory and indirectly in field using in-situ methods. The values of undrained shear strength estimated with
different methods usually are different, sometimes very much. In geotechnical practice a lot of empirical equations are
used to calculate undrained shear strength (cu), however it corrects only in specific conditions and can’t be used universally. The empirical factor (Nk), which is used in mentioned equations, varies in wide range. It depends on many factors.
The research of glacial genesis fine soils (various moraines) is complicated because it specific grain size distributions
and genesis. In this article we will study relation between different laboratory and field methods to estimate of undrained
shear strength (cu) of till soils. For these purposes we will used upper Pleistocene, upper Nemunas formation till fine
soils.
Experimental study of CFST column to steel beam bolted connection with curved end-plates
Authors: Mudrov Andrej , Šapalas Antanas , Šaučiuvėnas Gintas
Published: December 2019

This paper presents results of experimental study of a bolted column-beam connection with an extended
curved end-plate joining steel beam and a hollow core Concrete-Filled Steel Tube (CFST). Column concrete hollow
core was formed by centrifugal casting process that allowed decreasing porosity, increasing homogeneity and strength
of the concrete. It was expected that strength and stiffness of the joint would be significantly affected by spalling of the
concrete core due to transverse action, which would limit rotation of the joint and bearing capacity of the column.
However, the concrete hollow core had no prominent signs of fracture – bending strength of the joint was determined
by punching shear of the steel tube wall. Further result analysis has shown that, in reference to Eurocode 3, the joint
may be classified as semi-rigid and that non-uniform initial contact between the end-plates and the column can reduce
stiffness of the joint. In addition to this, it has been found that the analytical Eurocode component method is in close
agreement with the attained test results, but its feasibility should be validated against additional tests with other failure
modes.
An application of BIM technologies in typical dwelling building projects
Authors: Migilinskas Darius , Katkus Juozas , Sadauskas Mykolas
Published: December 2019

The modern technologies are widely implemented in construction market including building information
modeling (BIM) whitch is rapidly developing in many management segments related to design, construction, and building operation. BIM technologies are being used more and more by architects, engineers, surveyors, builders, contractors,
subcontractors, construction manufacturers and building administrators who need to work together to simplify workflow
and ensure that all design, construction and building operations are effective. BIM is already in use in Lithuania, but
many construction market participants and mostly the customer still think that BIM is too expensive for Lithuanian
construction market. The aim of this study is to analyze the benefits, opportunities, limitations, chalanges and obticles
of using the BIM methodology for typical dwelling building projects. The results of resreach are based on detail payback
assessment of BIM methodology use in small-scale projects and small business companies is delivered in the conclusions
Integrating sustainability into construction project management: Barriers in developing countries
Authors: Fathalizadeh Ali , Ghoddousi Parviz , Javid Ali Akbar Shirzadi , Hosseini M. Reza , Ghosh Arka
Published: December 2019

This paper is an attempt to explore the barriers to integrating sustainability into construction project management in developing countries. To this end, a comprehensive review of the literature is conducted, as a result of which a
list of 30 barriers is culled from existing studies. The list of barriers is subsequently assessed in terms of relative importance index (RII) through a survey questionnaire administered to Iranian construction industry experts, resulting in
a dataset of 176 completed questionnaires. Findings bring to light the most influential barriers to incorporating sustainability in construction projects for a developing country. These were: (1) lack of understanding of the potential selfbenefits of proactivity and high economic risks that unsustainable practices may carry, (2) inadequate assessment of
risks and a silo-based approach, namely, insufficient cooperation among practitioners, research institutions and environmental organisations and (3) the lack of a systematic approach to planning and acting for the fulfilment of sustainability goals. As one of the first studies in its kind, the paper offers invaluable insight for researchers, practitioners, and
policy makers, in supporting the transition of construction project management practices towards fulfilling sustainable
development goals.
The Feasibility of Directly Imaging Nearby Cold Jovian Planets with MIRI/JWST
Authors: Brande Jonathan , Barclay Thomas , Schlieder Joshua E. , Lopez Eric D. , Quintana Elisa V.
Published: December 2019

The upcoming launch of the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) will dramatically increase our understanding of exoplanets, particularly through direct imaging. Microlensing and radial velocity surveys indicate that some M dwarfs host long-period giant planets. Some of these planets will likely be just a few parsecs away and a few astronomical units from their host stars, a parameter space that cannot be probed by existing high-contrast imagers. We studied whether the coronagraphs on the Mid-infrared Instrument on JWST can detect Jovian-type planets around nearby M dwarfs. For a sample of 27 very nearby M dwarfs, we simulated a sample of Saturn–Jupiter-mass planets with three atmospheric configurations and three orbital separations, observed in three different filters. We found that the f1550c 15.5 μm filter is best suited for detecting Jupiter-like planets. Jupiter-like planets with patchy cloud cover, 2 au from their star, are detectable at 15.5 μm around 14 stars in our sample, while Jupiters with clearer atmospheres are detectable around all stars in the sample. Saturns were most detectable at 10.65 and 11.4 μm (f1065c and f1140c filters), but only with cloud-free atmospheres and within 3 pc (six stars). Surveying all 27 stars would take <170 hr of JWST integration time, or just a few hours for a shorter survey of the most favorable targets. There is one potentially detectable known planet in our sample: GJ 832 b. Observations aimed at detecting this planet should occur in 2024–2026, when the planet is maximally separated from the star.
Type Ia Supernovae Are Excellent Standard Candles in the Near-infrared
Authors: Avelino Arturo , Friedman Andrew S. , Mandel Kaisey S. , Jones David O. , Challis Peter J. , Kirshner Robert P.
Published: December 2019

We analyze a set of 89 type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) that have both optical and near-infrared (NIR) photometry to derive distances and construct low-redshift (z ≤ 0.04) Hubble diagrams. We construct mean light curve (LC) templates using a hierarchical Bayesian model. We explore both Gaussian process (GP) and template methods for fitting the LCs and estimating distances, while including peculiar-velocity and photometric uncertainties. For the 56 SNe Ia with both optical and NIR observations near maximum light, the GP method yields a NIR-only Hubble-diagram with a root mean square (rms) of

mag when referenced to the NIR maxima. For each NIR band, a comparable GP method rms is obtained when referencing to NIR-max or B-max. Using NIR LC templates referenced to B-max yields a larger rms value of

mag. Fitting the corresponding optical data using standard LC fitters that use LC shape and color corrections yields larger rms values of 0.179 ± 0.018 mag with SALT2 and

mag with SNooPy. Applying our GP method to subsets of SNe Ia NIR LCs at NIR maximum light, even without corrections for LC shape, color, or host-galaxy dust reddening, provides smaller rms in the inferred distances, at the ∼2.3–4.1σ level, than standard optical methods that correct for those effects. Our ongoing RAISIN program on the Hubble Space Telescope will exploit this promising infrared approach to limit systematic errors when measuring the expansion history of the universe in order to constrain dark energy.
The Distribution of Ultra-diffuse and Ultra-compact Galaxies in the Frontier Fields
Authors: Janssens Steven R. , Abraham Roberto , Brodie Jean , Forbes Duncan A. , Romanowsky Aaron J.
Published: December 2019

Large low-surface-brightness galaxies have recently been found to be abundant in nearby galaxy clusters. In this paper, we investigate these ultra-diffuse galaxies (UDGs) in the six Hubble Frontier Fields galaxy clusters: A2744, MACS J0416.1−2403, MACS J0717.5+3745, MACS J1149.5+2223, AS1063, and A370. These are the most massive (1–3 × 1015
M
⊙) and distant (0.308 < z < 0.545) systems in which this class of galaxy has yet been discovered. We estimate that the clusters host of the order of ∼200–1400 UDGs inside the virial radius (R
200), consistent with the UDG abundance–halo-mass relation found in the local universe, and suggest that UDGs may be formed in clusters. Within each cluster, however, we find that UDGs are not evenly distributed. Instead their projected spatial distributions are lopsided, and they are deficient in the regions of highest mass density as traced by gravitational lensing. While the deficiency of UDGs in central regions is not surprising, the lopsidedness is puzzling. The UDGs, and their lopsided spatial distributions, may be associated with known substructures late in their infall into the clusters, meaning that we find evidence both for formation of UDGs in clusters and for UDGs falling into clusters. We also investigate the ultra-compact dwarfs (UCDs) residing in the clusters, and find that the spatial distributions of UDGs and UCDs appear anticorrelated. Around 15% of UDGs exhibit either compact nuclei or nearby point sources. Taken together, these observations provide additional evidence for a picture in which at least some UDGs are destroyed in dense cluster environments and leave behind a residue of UCDs.
Chemical Abundances along the 1G Sequence of the Chromosome Maps: The Globular Cluster NGC 3201*
Authors: Marino A. F. , Milone A. P. , Sills A. , Yong D. , Renzini A. , Bedin L. R. , Cordoni G. , D’Antona F. , Jerjen H. , Karakas A. , Lagioia E. , Piotto G. , Tailo M.
Published: December 2019

The Hubble Space Telescope (HST) UV Legacy Survey of Galactic Globular Clusters (GCs) has investigated multiple stellar populations by means of the “chromosome map” (ChM) diagnostic tool that maximizes the separation between stars with different chemical compositions. One of the most challenging features revealed by ChM analysis is the apparent inhomogeneity among stars belonging to the first population, a phenomenon largely attributed to He variations. However, this explanation is not supported by uniformity in the p-capture elements of these stars. The HST survey has revealed that the GC NGC 3201 shows exceptionally wide coverage in the

parameter of the ChM. We present a chemical abundance analysis of 24 elements in 18 giants belonging to the first population of this GC and having a wide range in

. As far as the p-capture elements are concerned, the chemical abundances are typical of first-generation (1G) stars, as expected from the location of our targets in the ChM. Based on radial velocities and chemical abundance arguments, we find that the three stars with the lowest

values are binary candidates. This suggests that at least those stars could be explained with binarity. These results are consistent with evidence inferred from multiband photometry that evolved blue stragglers (BSs) populate the bluest part of the 1G sequence in the ChM. The remaining 15 spectroscopic targets show a small range in the overall metallicity by ∼0.10 dex, with stars at higher

values having higher absolute abundances. We suggest that a small variation in metals and binarity governs the color spread of the 1G in the ChM and that evolved BSs contribute to the bluest tail of the 1G sequence.
Qu'est-ce que les relations entre droit et environnement disent de nous ?
Authors: Pierron Jean-Philippe
Published: December 2019

La base anthropologique qui sous-tend notre droit est travaillée par les questions que pose la crise environnementale ou la transition écologique (en droit international le droit reconnu à un fleuve d'être une entité juridique autonome dans le cas de la nouvelle Zélande ou du Gange en Inde) ou en contexte français les interactions entre enjeux sociaux et enjeux environnementaux (pollutions, prédations environnementales, ZAD, etc.), ouvrant vers une conception de l'humain élargie. On peut se demander dans quelle mesure la conception que l'on se fait de l'humain, de ses liens avec les autres et les milieux, qui est engagée dans la conflictualité dont le judicaire est le théâtre, n'engage pas ce travail de redéfinition ? Est-ce qu'une nouvelle figure de l'humain apparaît aujourd'hui dans le droit en train de se faire ? Le droit de l'environnement contribue-t-il à une compréhension de ce qui fait l'humain, les hommes dans les liens avec leur milieu ? ; en quoi le droit et la jurisprudence permettraient-ils d'en redéfinir les contours ?
L'entrée dans l'ère du droit des générations futures
Authors: Gaillard Émilie
Published: December 2019

Prenant appui sur une conscience environnementale planétaire, un droit des générations futures est en pleine progression. Il génère de multiples processus de transformations et de mutations des notions fondamentales du droit. Il est devenu nécessaire d'imaginer une déclinaison environnementale et transgénérationnelle des droits fondamentaux. Des droits individuels aux droits de l'Humanité et du vivant en général, les mutations s'inscrivent dans un univers juridique complexe et systémique qui comprend des systèmes hiérarchisés et d'autres, non hiérarchisés entre eux. De multiples voies sont alors ouvertes pour agir en justice au nom des générations futures.
Les jeunes militants de Ramallah face à l’occupation israélienne. Modalités d’engagement et positions socio-spatiales
Authors: Garrault Antoine
Published: December 2019

En prenant comme objet d’étude les jeunes militants de Ramallah engagés dans la résistance populaire (RP), cet article propose d’analyser des modalités particulières d’engagement anticolonial en Cisjordanie. Dans un contexte de divisions spatiales liées à l’occupation, nous montrons que le régime territorial spécifique de Ramallah intégré au système d’Oslo constitue un facteur explicatif pour la définition des cadres d’interprétation du conflit, des mobilisations entreprises et la construction des réseaux militants. L’étude s’intéresse aux formes d’engagement investies par l’analyse des positions socio-spatiales particulières des acteurs, en se concentrant sur les caractéristiques géographiques et générationnelles.
Qu’est-ce que l’Europe politique ?
Authors: Beaudonnet Laurie , Mérand Frédéric
Published: December 2019

Pendant longtemps, vouloir « plus d’Europe » signifiait y faire « plus de politique ». Depuis quelques années, cette vision optimiste est contestée par les chercheurs qui voient dans l’Europe politique un risque autant qu’une chance. Cet article introductif au numéro thématique explore la politisation de l’UE d’un point de vue empirique. Dans un premier temps, nous revenons sur les définitions de la politisation : un enjeu est politisé lorsqu’il génère un clivage visible dans la communauté politique, amenant les acteurs, les citoyens et les citoyennes à clarifier leurs positions, voire à se polariser autour d’elles. Puis nous proposons un état de la littérature différenciant trois contextes de l’activité politique : l’opinion publique, les institutions majoritaires et les institutions non majoritaires. Nous concluons que, si la politisation varie selon les contextes, elle doit néanmoins être appréhendée dans son ensemble puisqu’elle fait intervenir les partis politiques, les électeurs et les institutions de manière concomitante.
EU authority, politicization and EU issue voting
Authors: Le Gall Cal
Published: December 2019

L’autorité de l’UE a-t-elle une incidence sur le vote sur enjeu européen dans les élections nationales ? Les recherches actuelles suggèrent que la politisation des enjeux européens dépend de l’étendue des compétences de l’UE. Or, la politisation accroît l’importance des enjeux au niveau individuel, ce qui, à son tour, favorise le vote sur enjeu. Ainsi, le vote sur enjeu européen devrait être plus répandu parmi les personnes qui jugent l’UE responsable des décisions politiques. Pour vérifier cette hypothèse, j’utilise les données EES de 2009. Les résultats montrent que les individus qui considèrent l’UE comme responsable n’ont pas plus tendance à choisir les partis en fonction de leur positionnement européen. En outre, des analyses complémentaires indiquent la présence d’un vote sur enjeu européen, mais pas d’augmentation entre 2004 et 2009. Dans l’ensemble, peu d’éléments indiquent que l’autorité de l’UE influe sur le vote sur enjeu européen.
Réflexions sur la pleine conscience et l’autocompassion pour le traitement des addictions
Authors: von Hammerstein Cora , Romo Lucia
Published: December 2019

La pleine conscience et l’autocompassion sont deux concepts très liés. Les thérapies basées sur l’une de ces deux pratiques intègrent souvent l’autre. Ces formes de thérapies issues des thérapies dites de la troisième vague des thérapies cognitives et comportementales suscitent un intérêt croissant dans le traitement des addictions. Notre objectif est de proposer une définition de ces concepts ainsi que de rapporter de leur intérêt et de leur application dans le traitement des addictions. Nous décrirons le déroulement des séances et les techniques utilisées dans le programme Mindfulness-Based Relapse Prevention (MBRP), ainsi que les différentes dimensions que composent les thérapies basées sur l’autocompassion et leur importance à la fois pour le patient et le soignant.
Influence of larval density, substrate moisture content and feedstock ratio on life history traits of black soldier fly larvae
Authors: Dzepe D. , Nana P. , Fotso A. , Tchuinkam T. , Djouaka R.
Published: December 2019

Performance and body composition of insect larvae depend on quality and quantity of their diet, and on biotic factors such as larval density. Experiments were undertaken to assess the effects of larval density, substrate moisture content and feedstock ratio on larval life history parameters of black soldier fly (BSF) in the laboratory. Four-day-old larvae were separately reared under six different densities (1, 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 larvae/cm2) and at five substrate moisture content levels (40, 50, 60, 70 and 80%) obtained by moistening feed with fresh water. Five feedstock ratios of 25, 50, 100, 150 and 200 mg of feed per larva per day were also tested. Each treatment had four replicates and used commercial chicken feed as substrate. Results showed that individual larval feed reduction, wet weight, survival rate, body size and body thickness had a negative correlation with rearing densities, while larval development time correlated positively. The increase in substrate moisture content has significantly affected the larval feed reduction, wet weight, development time, body size and body thickness of the larvae. On the other hand, the survival rate was not significantly affected. The larvae subjected to diet 150 mg/larva/day showed a highest individual wet weight (0.19±0.003 g), body size (20.55±0.335 mm) and body thickness (4.982±0.081 mm). Their recorded development time was relatively short (11.25±0.500 days), compared to the other. The larval survival rate was not significantly affected by the feedstock ratio. This study indicates that larval life history parameters of BSF are influenced by the rearing conditions.
Defining Usual Care in Clinical Trials
Authors: Young Heather M. , Miyamoto Sheridan , Tang-Feldman Yajarayma , Dharmar Madan , Balsbaugh Tom , Greenwood Deborah
Published: December 2019

Pragmatic trials occur within the complexity of real-world care delivery, and when effective, contribute to more rapid translation into practice because of their greater generalizability. Research with older adults is complex when participants have chronic conditions and multiple comorbidities. Often pragmatic trials introduce a novel intervention and try to determine whether it offers a benefit beyond the usual or routine care provided. Researchers commonly focus attention on describing the intervention, yet the comparator condition of usual or routine care can be anything but standard, reducing the effect size of the intervention and introducing threats to the overall validity of the study. The current article describes clinical trial guidelines, then illustrates the complexity of characterizing usual care for interventions addressing type 2 diabetes. The authors provide recommendations for improving description of usual care and discuss implications for gerontological nursing research. [
Research in Gerontological Nursing, 13
(3), 125–129.]
Using the Social Ecological Model to Identify Drivers of Nutrition Risk in Adult Day Settings Serving East Asian Older Adults
Authors: Sadarangani Tina R. , Johnson Jordan J. , Chong Stella K. , Brody Abraham , Trinh-Shevrin Chau
Published: December 2019

Adult day care (ADC) centers provide community-based care (including meals) to frail, ethnically diverse older adults, many of whom are at risk for malnutrition. To support the development of interventions to benefit ADC users, the authors aimed to identify barriers and facilitators of healthy nutrition among ADC users born in Vietnam and China. Semi-structured qualitative interviews were conducted among ADC stakeholders to identify barriers and facilitators. Data were analyzed using Braun and Clarke's six-step method and organized within the framework of the Social Ecological Model. Facilitators of good nutrition included adherence to traditional diet at the ADC center, peer networks, and access to ethnic grocers. Poor health, family dynamics, and loneliness all contributed to poor nutrition, as did the restrictive nature of nutrition programs serving ADC users in the United States. Individual, relationship, organizational, community, and policy level factors play a role in ADC users' nutritional status. Targeted nutrition interventions should leverage culturally congruent relationships between ADC users and staff and include advocacy for enhancement of federal programs to support this population. [
Research in Gerontological Nursing, 13
(3), 146–157.]
Le sujet lacanien, un « Je » sans identité
Authors: Leguil Clotilde
Published: December 2019

Cet article revient sur la notion de « sujet » chez Lacan en la distinguant de toute référence à l’identité. Il reprend la question « Qui parle ? » posée par Michel Foucault en 1969 et y répond avec Lacan. En psychanalyse, il ne s’agit pas de négation du sujet, mais de dépendance du sujet par rapport au signifiant. Lacan a remis en question les « privilèges du moi », mais a sauvé la dimension du sujet en concevant un sujet de l’inconscient. L’identité en psychanalyse n’est pas une identité déterminée par des normes sociales. C’est une identité au niveau du dire du sujet et de sa souffrance. Cet article montre finalement que le sujet lacanien est à la fois un sujet marqué par le signifiant et un sujet articulé à la pulsion. L’expérience de la psychanalyse conduit à une remise en question des identifications, permettant d’appréhender la marque traumatique au niveau du réel.
Un manuscrit de Michel Foucault sur la psychanalyse
Authors: Foucault Michel , Basso Elisabetta
Published: December 2019

Dans ce manuscrit du début des années 1950, Foucault met en relief la perspective freudienne qui substitue à l’approche biologique de la maladie fondée sur l’évolutionnisme une démarche basée sur la compréhension de sa signification psychologique. Cependant, puisque le point de vue évolutif n’est jamais abandonné par Freud, se pose la question de savoir comment, dans la définition psychanalytique de la maladie et de ses rapports à la personnalité, se distribuent les éléments d’une analyse évolutive et ceux d’une compréhension significative : quel équilibre peut être instauré entre eux, et quelle image de l’homme malade en résulte ? En outre, si la maladie a un sens, et si elle se définit par un ensemble de réactions significatives et cohérentes, en quoi est-elle maladie ?
From Old Institutional Economics to New Institutional Economics
Authors: Akansel Ilkben
Published: December 2019

Since different kinds of economics thoughts have been explored, few have been as peculiar as Old Institutional Economics (OIE) and New Institutional Economics (NIE). It is curious that almost every stream criticizing mainstream economics has a left wing. OIE, not a big fan of this, criticizes neoclassical economics/mainstream economics, given it arose in the US. OIE had no sense to left wing, on the contrary, it created an effect criticizing neoclassical economics in its core. Unlike OIE, NIE has many common points with neoclassical economics. NIE has several new aspects different from neoclassical economics, as it has chosen a completely different path than OIE. In this chapter, authors scrutinize circumstances that led to OIE, and what separated OIE and NIE. A brief, successively historical aspect is also provided.
Re-Thinking the Role of Institutions in Neoliberalism From New Institutional Economics Perspective
Authors: Civelekoglu Ilke , Ozoral Basak
Published: December 2019

In an attempt to discuss neoliberalism with a reference to new institutional economics, this chapter problematizes the role of formal institutions in the neoliberal age by focusing on a specific type of formal institution, namely property rights in developing countries. New institutional economics (NIE) argues that secure property rights are important as they guarantee investments and thus, promote economic growth. This chapter discusses why the protection of property rights is weak and ineffective in certain developing countries despite their endorsement of neoliberalism by shedding light on the link between the institutional structure of the state and neoliberalism in the developing world. With the political economy perspective, the chapter aims to build a bridge between NIE and political economy, and thereby providing fertile ground for the advancement of NIE.
Institutional Overview of Technology
Authors: Kethudaoğlu Fatma , Bayraktutan Yusuf
Published: December 2019

There has been an intense debate on the reasons of variations in economic performances of different countries. Institutions and technological structure are among the leading determiners. Institutions are formal and informal constraints affecting investments in physical/human capital, and technology. Factors like economies of scale, technology, education, or accumulation of physical and human capital are not all for economic growth, which itself represents political and economic institutions as the basis for the fundamental differences in economic development. At the end of the 20th century, economic thought oriented towards analysis of the institutional environment. In the 1990s, significant steps were taken with Heterodox approaches to provide more consistent alternatives to the mainstream economy. The institutional economy shows an alternative approach that adds more depth to the discussions in this area. The main objective of this chapter is to point out the contributions of Schumpeter and Veblen.
Analysing of Erzurum Winter Tourism in the European Perspective
Authors: Mikaeili Mahshid , Aytuğ H. Kutay
Published: December 2019

Erzurum is the biggest city in the Eastern Anatolian Region of Turkey. The city has gained great importance in winter tourism during recent years. Accessing to the sustainable winter city requires an innovative approach to these cities' problems in order to enhance the advantages, opportunities, and beauty of the winter season. Winter tourism is one of the good examples that provides benefits to the residents and reinforces the community's ability to attract new business. In this chapter, the conceptual framework of the topic is drawn by putting forth the concept of winter city tourism. Subsequently, EU tourism policy, its political framework, and priorities are summarised. In the next chapter, Erzurum is examined to demonstrate its potential for winter city tourism. Finally, the winter city tourism potential of Erzurum is evaluated by SWOT analysis and brought some suggestions compatible with EU Tourism Policies at five categories such as preserving solar access, designing streets, planting, parks and open spaces, colour, materials and lighting.
Social and Economic Transformation With the Institutional Economic Perspective
Authors: Çelik Mehmet Yunus
Published: December 2019

The events and phenomena in the period of the industrial society were explained within the context of the Newtonian paradigm. In today's information society and its economic structure, they are explained within the context of the Quantum paradigm. Nevertheless, the assumption of neoclassics claims that consumers decide independently from each other, which is controversial. Consumers decide in real terms, not independently but under the influence of psychological situation, social environment, and cultural infrastructure. The basic mutual point between the two paradigms is to maximize the benefit from the goods to be consumed when making consumption decisions. To this end, the process of social and economic transformation will first be discussed in the light of paradigm shift and technological improvements. Then, with the institutional economic perspective, the change in consumption understanding will be taken into consideration in the social and economic structure of today.