bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
GESTIÓN DEL AGUA EN EL DISTRITO 011, LOS MÓDULOS DE RIEGO DE ACÁMBARO Y SALVATIERRA, GUANAJUATO MÉXICO
Authors: Aguilar-Sánchez Genaro , De La Cruz-Ángeles Javier
Published: February 2016

La gestión del uso del agua es fundamental para la producción de alimentos, este trabajo analiza dos módulos de riego de Acámbaro y Salvatierra, ambos pertenecientes al distrito de riego 011, el análisis muestra la gestión del uso del agua, las diferentes prácticas que se llevan a cabo, las problemáticas comunes y las diferencias puntuales; para estos propósitos se enfocó la investigación con informantes claves. Los principales problemas que enfrentan los módulos de riego son la falta de consciencia de los usuarios, la poca tecnificación en el riego, ausencia de programas de nivelación de la tierra, nula medición en el agua que se otorga a cada usuario y abuso en la extracción del agua subterránea. Todos estos problemas tienen aparente solución, la cuestión es encontrar los mecanismos adecuados para ejecutar dichas soluciones.

 

WATER MANAGEMENT IN DISTRICT 011, THE WATERING MODULES OF ACÁMBARO AND SALVATIERRA, GUANAJUATO MÉXICO

ABSTRACT
 Water management is essential for food production; therefore, this paper analyzes two irrigation modules -Acámbaro and Salvatierra, which belong to the irrigation district 011. The analysis shows the water use management, the different practices performed, the common problems, and the specific differences; consequently, the research was focused on key informants. The main issues faced by the irrigation modules are lack the of users’ awareness, little irrigation modernization, lack of land leveling programs, zero measurement of water given to each user, and abuse in extracting
 groundwater. All these problems seem to have a solution; the challenge is then to find appropriate mechanisms to implement these solutions.
Entropic evolution of lexical richness of homogeneous texts over time: A dynamic complexity perspective
Authors: Zhang Yanhui
Published: February 2016

This work concerns the evolving pattern of the lexical richness of the corpus text of China Government Work Report measured by entropy, based on a fundamental assumption that these texts are linguistically homogeneous. The corpus is interpreted and studied as a dynamic system, the components of which maintain spontaneous variations, adjustment, self-organizations, and adaptations to fit into the semantic, discourse and  sociolinguistic functions that the text is set to perform. Both the macroscopic structural trend and the microscopic fluctuations of the time series of the interested entropic process are meticulously investigated from the dynamic complexity theoretical perspective. Rigorous nonlinear regression analysis is provided throughout the study for empirical justifications to the theoretical postulations.  An overall concave model with modulated fluctuations incorporated is proposed and statistically tested to represent the key quantitative findings.  Possible extensions of the current study are discussed.
IGF-1 C Domain–Modified Hydrogel Enhances Cell Therapy for AKI
Authors: Feng Guowei , Zhang Jimin , Li Yang , Nie Yan , Zhu Dashuai , Wang Ran , Liu Jianfeng , Gao Jie , Liu Na , He Ningning , Du Wei , Tao Hongyan , Che Yongzhe , Xu Yong , Kong Deling , Zhao Qiang , Li Zongjin
Published: February 2016

Low cell retention and engraftment after transplantation limit the successful application of stem cell therapy for AKI. Engineered microenvironments consisting of a hydrogel matrix and growth factors have been increasingly successful in controlling stem cell fate by mimicking native stem cell niche components. Here, we synthesized a bioactive hydrogel by immobilizing the C domain peptide of IGF-1 (IGF-1C) on chitosan, and we hypothesized that this hydrogel could provide a favorable niche for adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADSCs) and thereby enhance cell survival in an AKI model. In vitro studies demonstrated that compared with no hydrogel or chitosan hydrogel only, the chitosan–IGF-1C hydrogel increased cell viability through paracrine effects. In vivo, cotransplantation of the chitosan–IGF-1C hydrogel and ADSCs in ischemic kidneys ameliorated renal function, likely by the observed promotion of stem cell survival and angiogenesis, as visualized by bioluminescence imaging and attenuation of fibrosis. In conclusion, IGF-1C immobilized on a chitosan hydrogel provides an artificial microenvironment for ADSCs and may be a promising therapeutic approach for AKI.
The Federal Reserve's New Approach to Raising Interest Rates
Authors: Ihrig Jane , Meade Ellen , Weinbach Gretchen , Josselyn Melanie
Published: February 2016

At its December 2015 meeting, the Federal Open Market Committee (FOMC)--the Federal Reserve's monetary policy committee--raised its target range for the federal funds rate by 25 basis points, marking the end of an extraordinary seven-year period during which the federal funds target range was held near zero to support the recovery of the U.S. economy from the worst financial crisis and recession since the Great Depression.
The Risky Steady State and the Interest Rate Lower Bound
Authors: Hills Timothy S. , Nakata Taisuke , Schmidt Sebastian
Published: February 2016

Even when the policy rate is currently not constrained by its effective lower bound (ELB), the possibility that the policy rate will become constrained in the future lowers today's inflation by creating tail risk in future inflation and thus reducing expected inflation. In an empirically rich model calibrated to match key features of the U.S. economy, we find that the tail risk induced by the ELB causes inflation to undershoot the target rate of 2 percent by as much as 45 basis points at the economy's risky steady state. Our model suggests that achieving the inflation target may be more difficult now than before the Great Recession, if the recent ELB experience has led households and firms to revise up their estimate of the ELB frequency.
FDI und OPC UA
Authors: Großmann Daniel , Seintsch Sven
Published: February 2016

Ein wesentlicher Baustein für die Umsetzung von Industrie-4.0-Anwendungsfällen ist die flexible Vernetzung der beteiligten Systeme und Werkzeuge. Der Beitrag zeigt auf, wie der offene Zugriff auf Feldgeräteinformation mittels Field Device Integration (FDI) und OPC UA bereits heute möglich ist. Nach einer Einordnung des Themas in den Kontext Industrie 4.0, Industrial Internet of Things und cyber-physische Systeme erfolgt eine genauere Betrachtung der Technologien FDI und OPC UA, bei der das FDI-Informationsmodell für OPC UA im Fokus steht. Abschließend wird der Nutzen anhand eines Demonstrators erklärt.
Namur Modul Type Package – Definition
Authors: Bernshausen Jens , Haller Axel , Holm Thomas , Hoernicke Mario , Obst Michael , Ladiges Jan
Published: February 2016

Die Modularisierung von Prozessanlagen wird als erfolgversprechende Möglichkeit angesehen, die künftigen Anforderungen an die Prozessindustrie zu bewältigen. Mit dem Projekt Dezentrale Intelligenz für modulare Anlagen (Dima) hat Wago auf der Namur-Hauptsitzung 2014 einen Weg gezeigt, wie sich die Anforderungen, die in der NE148 formuliert worden sind, erfüllen lassen. Bisherige Arbeiten ergaben, dass die Verwendung von Module Type Packages (MTP) zur Beschreibung von Prozessmodulen eine vielversprechende Lösung darstellt. Der Namur-Arbeitskreis AK 1.12 arbeitet derzeit, in Zusammenarbeit mit verschiedenen Ad-Hoc-Arbeitskreisen der Namur und dem ZVEI, an der Standardisierung des Namur-MTP. Dieser Beitrag gibt eine Übersicht über die Arbeiten der Arbeitsgruppen. Die Fragestellungen und Anforderungen der Arbeitskreise für Zustandsbasierte Prozessführung, Bedienbilder und Diagnose und Wartung modularer Anlagen werden skizziert. Ferner wird eine mögliche Architektur des Namur-MTP vorgestellt.
Namur Modul Type Package – Implementierung
Authors: Holm Thomas , Obst Michael , Ladiges Jan , Urbas Leon , Fay Alexander , Albers Thomas , Hempen Ulrich
Published: February 2016

Mit dem Namur-MTP wurde die Basis geschaffen, Module in eine Prozessführungsebene zu integrieren. Im MTP wird dazu jede Information abgebildet, die für eine effiziente und fehlerfreie Integration benötigt wird. Der aktuelle Arbeitsstand des Namur-MTP wurde von den Autoren auf Anwendbarkeit überprüft. Dazu wurden ein Anlagendemonstrator aufgebaut und die darin befindlichen Module mit Hilfe ihrer MTP in ein Prozessleitsystem integriert. Der Beitrag schildert den Engineeringprozess und beschreibt die dabei zum Einsatz gekommenen Softwarewerkzeuge sowie die dabei gewonnenen Erfahrungen.
Towards a history of the Romanian punctuation
Authors: Chirilă Adina
Published: February 2016

In the process of constructing an academic edition for old and pre-modern texts, although they thoroughly record and comment the phonetic, morphological, syntactic, and lexical variants of a text, its omissions and interpolations, etc., the Romanian philologists tend to deal tacitly with the problem of punctuation, by adding rational, syntactic punctuation, according to the contemporary norm. This method has certain advantages for the general public, but, in fact, falsifies the text, because it puts the actions of a secondary agent—the editor—on the author. Moreover, the lack of perfect archæological relevations of the Romanian old and pre-modern texts—which would show, in this respect, the more or less consequent working habits of our early writers—leads, at least for the moment, to the impossibility of presenting the scientific community with a history of the Romanian punctuation. This is, nevertheless, an idea whose achievement depends on an objective re-evaluation of our contemporary editorial practice.
Dificultăți de traducere în limba română a Aforismelor lui Arthur Schopenhauer. O analiză contrastiv-diacronică (I)
Authors: Vârlan Cecilia-Iuliana
Published: February 2016

Lucrarea de față se concentrează asupra unei opere de maturitate a filozofului german Arthur Schopenhauer, Aforisme asupra înțelepciunii în viață, și asupra singurei versiuni românești a acesteia, realizate de Titu Maiorescu la sfîrșitul secolului al XIX-lea. Existența a cinci variante ale versiunii românești, publicate de traducătorul însuși de-a lungul a patru decenii, reprezintă o dovadă clară a faptului că transpunerea în românește a acestui text de filozofie practică a incumbat o serie întreagă de dificultăți de traducere. Urmărind modul în care Titu Maiorescu a încercat să rezolve aceste dificultăți, prin adoptarea anumitor soluții traductologice, am realizat o analiză a acestora, din perspectivă lingvistică, cercetarea urmînd concomitent două direcții: contrastivă (rezultată din supra- punerea textului-sursă și a textului-țintă) și diacronică (urmărind intervențiile realizate de același traducător asupra propriului text, la intervale de timp diferite). Demersul de analiză lingvistică a traducerii unui text filozofic ni s-a părut util nu doar studiului nostru, ci și viitorilor eventuali traducători ai Aforismelor, a căror intenție ar putea fi aceea de a adapta discursul versiunii românești a lui Titu Maiorescu la limba română contemporană, ținînd seama de evoluția evidentă a acesteia și, mai ales, a componentei sale de limbaj filozofic.
Poate fi corectată atestarea lui copt, –ă (1887, DLR), pe baza CL 1699?
Authors: Chirilă Adina
Published: February 2016

În 1699, traducînd din greacă un text al lui Maxim Peloponesianul, Antim Ivireanul utilizează un cuvînt ce, la prima vedere, coincide cu un neologism atestat în limba română abia în secolul al XIX-lea, ca împrumut din limba franceză: copt, –ă, ‘Locuitor [...] al Egiptului, descinzînd din vechile secte creștine ale Euticheenilor’. Pentru a răspunde întrebării din titlu, a fost necesară analiza conținutului semantic al termenului corespunzător din textul-sursă grecesc, i.e. κόπται (și, implicit, etimologia acestuia), dat fiind faptul că, pentru perioada în care a scris Maxim Peloponesianul, lucrările lexicografice ce vizează limba greacă înregistrează clar doar forma cu îndelungată tradiție κóπτης (pl. κόπται) – derivat al verbului κόπ(τω) –της ‘a tăia, a lovi’, iar posibilitatea ca autorul grec de la începutul secolului al XVII-lea să fi avut în vedere acest înțeles nu putea fi eliminată ab initio. Demersul conduce spre un răspuns afirmativ și, în plus, ar putea arunca o nouă lumină asupra dinamicii lingvistice grecești în epoca post- bizantină.
Aspects of coordination by junction in Old Romanian
Authors: Găitănaru Ștefan
Published: February 2016

The approach of coordination by junction in a diachronic perspective aimed at establishing the discursive values of the connectors, in the integrated frame of these syntactic relation patterns, and the manner in which the literary norm selected the elements of each subclass throughout time. This study relies on statistical information and that referring to the dialectal areas distribution collected from recent studies in this field, and provides various examples from the first three centuries of Romanian texts, thus highlighting the continuity of this process. The main objective of the research was the integration in the coordination system of the patterns which the researches have mostly neglected so far, even in the Romanian contemporary language. Concerning the adversative relation, the present research also describes the coordination in periodic complex sentences such as concessive and conditional coordination (the latter unreported in contemporary Romanian) as evidence of spoken Latin – Romanian continuity.
Aspecte ale coordonării prin joncțiune în limba română veche
Authors: Găitănaru Ștefan
Published: February 2016

Abordarea coordonării prin joncțiune din perspectivă evolutivă a urmărit să edifice valorile discursive ale conectorilor, în formula completă a tiparelor acestei relații sintactice, și felul în care norma literară a selectat în timp elementele din fiecare subclasă. Au fost preluate informațiile statistice și cele referitoare la distribuția în ariile dialectale din studiile de specialitate recente, lucrarea recurgînd numai la exemplificări diverse, din textele românești ale primelor trei secole, evidențiind astfel continuitatea proceselor. Obiectivul principal al cercetării a fost integrarea în sistemul coordonării a tiparelor pe care cercetarea de pînă acum le-a neglijat în cea mai mare parte, chiar cînd era vorba de limba română actuală. A fost descrisă, de asemenea, (la raportul adversativ) și coordonarea din frazele de tip periodic, concesivă și condițională (aceasta din urmă nesemnalată în limba actuală), ca un fapt de continuitate: latina populară – limba română.
Tecnologia e poder semiótico: escrever, hoje
Authors: Ribeiro Ana Elisa
Published: February 2016

RESUMO: Este trabalho propõe a reflexão sobre aspectos da produção de textos, nos dias de hoje, dentro e fora da escola, com inspiração em ideias de Gunther Kress, principalmente. Em uma paisagem comunicacional em que é possível empregar muitos recursos tecnológicos e obter diversos efeitos, em muitas modulações de linguagem, é importante pensar a produção de textos em níveis de multimodalidade cada vez mais expressivos. A escola pode participar desse cenário, ao propor a reflexão e a prática sobre a escrita, contribuindo para a ampliação do “poder semiótico” das pessoas, a despeito da ênfase que vem sendo dada à "redação do ENEM", no ensino médio. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Produção de textos. Multimodalidade. Poder semiótico. Redação.ABSTRACT: This paper proposes a discussion about aspects of writing process, nowadays, in and out of school. It is inspired mainly in Gunther Kress ideas about multimodality and semiotic power. Considering our complex comunicational landscape, in which we can employ many technological resources and get different language effects, it is important to think about writing processes in the sense of increasingly significant multimodality levels. Schools can participate in this scenario by proposing reflection and practice on writing, contributing to the expansion of "semiotic power" of people, despite the emphasis that has been given to the ENEM (a national test to university entrance) in brazilian high school.KEYWORDS: Writing. Multimodality. Semiotic power. Texts production.
Aprendizagem sem distância: tecnologia digital móvel no ensino de língua inglesa
Authors: De Souza Carlos Fabiano
Published: February 2016

RESUMO: Este trabalho visa fomentar uma discussão acerca do uso da tecnologia digital móvel enquanto componente de apoio ao processo de ensino-aprendizagem de língua inglesa, sobretudo em ambiente extraclasse. Pode-se dizer que o uso desse tipo de tecnologia como ferramenta educacional vai ao encontro do cenário atual, no qual tem havido um grande investimento em dispositivos móveis, o que nos leva a nos depararmos cada vez mais com educandos da Geração Digital – que fazem uso constante desses aparatos. Em outras palavras, os dispositivos móveis têm feito cada vez mais parte de nossas interações sociais e, em virtude da grande demanda, tem crescido substancialmente o número de aplicativos não só pagos, mas também disponibilizados para download grátis, que podem ser utilizados com o intuito de favorecer o aprendizado de línguas. Dessa maneira, apresentamos alguns aspectos relevantes quanto ao uso da tecnologia digital móvel no ensino de inglês, levando, sobremaneira, em consideração a sua finalidade pedagógica. Espera-se que os exemplos propostos possam vir a nortear futuras ideias de adoção de projetos educacionais que envolvam o uso de componentes tecnológicos dessa natureza em aulas de língua estrangeira/adicional.PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Tecnologia digital móvel. Ensino-aprendizagem de língua estrangeira. Língua inglesa.ABSTRACT: This work aims at promoting a discussion about the use of digital mobile technology as a component to support the teaching-learning process of English language, especially within extracurricular environments. We may say that the use of this kind of technology as an education tool suits the current scenario, in which there has been much investment in mobile devices, leading us to deal more and more with students from the Digital Generation, who use these apparatuses constantly. In other words, mobile devices have made even more part of our social interactions and due to their large demand, not only has it increased substantially the number of payable apps, but also the availability of the ones downloaded for free so as to favor the language learning. Thus, we will present some relevant aspects about the use of digital mobile technology in the teaching of English taking, primarily, into account their pedagogical purpose. It is expected that the examples proposed might guide future ideas of adopting educational projects which have to do with the use of technological components of this nature in foreign/additional language lessons.KEYWORDS: Digital mobile technology. Teaching-learning of foreign language. English language.
JÚDICE, Nuno. Navegação de acaso. Lisboa: Dom Quixote, 2013. 93 p.
Authors: Reis Edgard
Published: February 2016

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Hartos de mirar sin ver. Éticas de la mirada, políticas del lenguaje y poesía española contemporánea, a partir de un caso de estudio"Dominios de matiz" (2010) de Juan Pastor
Authors: Labrador Germán
Published: February 2016

Este trabajo problematiza la condiciones que defi nen la poesía española contemporánea, en tanto que tecnología de representación constituida social e históricamente, a partir de una crítica de las teorías poéticas vigentes que sea a la vez un análisis de su teoría de la visión. El artículo examina cómo, de modo procesual, la poesía española actual se relaciona problemáticamente con la sociedad civil y con los distintos pasados literarios que la constituyen hoy como institución. Me serviré Dominios de matiz de Juan Pastor como caso de estudio que textualiza esa problemática en la medida en que trata de hacerse cargo de la misma
Género y sexo en los confesionales de la contrarreforma. Los pecados de las mujeres en el "Manual de confesiones y penitentes" de Martín de Azpilcueta
Authors: Muguruza Roca María Isabel
Published: February 2016

El estudio de la representación de las mujeres y de sus pecados en el discurso teológico-moral de los confesionales a partir del Manual de confesores y penitentes de Martín de Azpilcueta (1553) confi rma algunas constantes de la confi guración genérico-sexual (como la polaridad sujeto-objeto), pero plantea también diferencias con respecto a los textos doctrinales dirigidos a las mujeres. Los consejos a los confesores son, en general, menos rigurosos con los pecados femeninos, lo que se relaciona con su específi ca fi nalidad pastoral
La descripción del funcionamiento del término en el discurso económico: estudio comparativo de las lenguas española, rusa e inglesa
Authors: López González Hermenegildo , Abakumova Svetlana
Published: February 2016

El artículo está dedicado al problema del funcionamiento de los términos que describen la situación de la crisis económica y los aspectos ligados a la misma, en la variante oral y escrita del discurso económico. El análisis del discurso económico nos ofrece la posibilidad de verifi car el funcionamiento activo del término, lo que no se refleja en los diccionarios
Calidad de vida de los pacientes con inmunodeficiencias primarias de anticuerpos
Authors: Muriel-Vizcaíno Rodolfo , Treviño-Garza Gabriela , Murata Chiharu , Staines-Boone Aidé Tamara , Yamazaki-Nakashimada Marco Antonio , Espinosa-Padilla Sara Elba , Espinosa-Rosales Francisco Javier
Published: February 2016

Las inmunodeficiencias primarias son enfermedades genéticas caracterizadas, en la mayoría de los casos, por la predisposición del individuo afectado a infecciones recurrentes o graves con afectación de su calidad de vida. Las más frecuentes son las de defectos en la producción de anticuerpos. Cuando no se hace un diagnóstico y tratamiento oportunos puede ocurrir daño permanente a órganos blanco afectando aún más la calidad de vida.

Objetivo: evaluar la calidad de vida de los pacientes con inmunodeficiencias primarias por defectos en la producción de anticuerpos y compararla con la de controles sanos.

Material y métodos: estudio transversal analítico mediante la aplicación del instrumento “Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory” (Peds- QL) en su versión validada en español mexicano. La diferencia del puntaje de PedsQL entre niños con inmunodeficiencias primarias y controles sanos se determinó por la prueba de t de Student. El efecto del retraso en el diagnóstico fue evaluado por el modelo de
análisis de covarianza. Se incluyeron 28 pacientes. La mediana de edad fue 5 años y 5 meses.

Resultados: el promedio de edad al diagnóstico fue de 6 años con 3 meses. La mediana de retraso diagnóstico fue de 3 años 3 meses. El promedio de calidad de vida en los pacientes fue de 74.1 (DE ± 13.8) y de 83.3 (DE ± 10.1) para los controles (p = 0.005). La relación entre calidad de vida, retraso diagnóstico y presencia de complicaciones se analizó mediante un modelo lineal que fue marginalmente significativo (p = 0.056). Se encontró correlación negativa entre concentraciones de IgG en el último año y la calidad de vida. Se observó que, en los pacientes que presentaban bronquiectasias, conforme aumentan los años de retraso en el diagnóstico la calidad de vida disminuye de forma significativa (p = 0.007).

Conclusiones: consideramos necesario evaluar la calidad de vida para conocer el estado de salud de los pacientes con inmunodeficiencias primarias y para su seguimiento durante el tratamiento con el objeto de incidir no sólo en la reducción del número de infecciones, hospitalizaciones y complicaciones, sino también en la mejoría de su calidad de vida. Deberá diseñarse un instrumento específico para evaluar la calidad de vida de los pacientes con inmunodeficiencias primarias. 

 
Sexualidad infantil: información para orientar la práctica clínica
Authors: García-Piña Corina A.
Published: February 2016

La sexualidad sigue considerándose un tema tabú en nuestra sociedad; como tal, tiende a ocultarse o a escindirse del cuerpo. Proporcionar información sobre sexualidad es parte indispensable de una educación integral, necesaria para el desarrollo saludable las personas. La sexualidad está presente durante todo el ciclo vital del ser humano y se encuentra en permanente proceso de transformación. No tiene una sola función, se trata de un proceso dinámico en constante evolución. En menores de edad tiene una serie de características que la hacen diferente a los adultos, por ello, el objetivo de este trabajo es proporcionar un marco de referencia sobre el desarrollo psicosexual infantil con la finalidad de invitar a la búsqueda de mayor información y capacitación sustentada científicamente.

 
Resucitando la crónica X. reconstrucción filológica de un fragmento inicial de la crónica mexicáyotl de Hernando de Alvarado Tezozómoc
Authors: Kenrick Kruell Gabriel
Published: February 2016

Este artículo respresenta un homenaje a Robert H. Barlow, quien en 1943 fundó la revista Tlalocan junto con George T. Smisor. El joven Barlow propuso en 1945 una interesante hipótesis acerca de un documento histórico mexica tenochca hoy en día perdido, el cual bautizó Crónica X, y que debió de haber sido la fuente principal de dos historias en español del siglo XVI, la Crónica mexicana de Hernando de Alvarado Tezozómoc y la Historia de las Indias de Nueva España de Diego Durán. Estudios recientes han sugerido que la Crónica X podría indentificarse con otra historia en náhuatl del historiador tenochca Tezozómoc, la conocida Crónica mexicáyotl. Anteriormente, losinvestigadores no habían reconocido la Crónica mexicáyotl como la fuente que se creía extraviada, porque el único manuscrito que conocemos de esta historia es una copiadel historiador chalca Domingo de San Antón Muñón Chimalpáin, el cual no sólo no transcribió intergralmente el texto original de la Crónica mexicáyotl, sino que introdujo muchas interpolaciones. Así que lo que aquí se propone es un trabajo filológico sobre el texto de la Crónica mexicáyotl con el objetivo de reconstruir un fragmento de la que Barlow llamó Crónica X.
El paskal: un platillo huasteco
Authors: Meléndez Guadarrama Lucero
Published: February 2016

El paskal es un platillo hecho a base de caldo de pollo o de guajolote y sazonadocon aceite de ajonjolí y dos tipos de chile. Los huastecos de Tantoyuca preparan este platilloen ocasiones especiales, como fiestas y celebraciones, o para engalanar a amigos y familiares.La narración que aquí presento da cuenta de la manera en que se prepara este platillo ytambién de los contextos en los que suele consumirse, narrado en voz de Proceso Reyes,hablante de la variante de huasteco del municipio de Tantoyuca, Veracruz, México.
Cómo la mosca azul hace señales de humo: sobre la presentación de un texto seri
Authors: Marlett Stephen A.
Published: February 2016

Este trabajo presenta una versión actualizada de un texto corto en lengua seri,acerca de cómo la mosca azul se sienta en la carroña y hace señales de humo que atraen alos buitres. El texto era una de las dos narraciones originalmente publicadas en E. Moser(1968). En esta versión se entrega una discusión sobre la evolución del texto y su análisis,así como una nueva interlinearización detallada en la que se muestra la composición morfológicade las palabras.
El líder yute y el joven yute
Authors: Hill Kenneth C.
Published: February 2016

el texto que se presenta aquí es uno de varios textos hopis compilados por edward A. Ken- nard en los años treinta en los pueblos de la Segunda Mesa. el seleccionado para este volumen de Tlalocan se ha editado siguiendo las convenciones ortograficas más actuales, sin embargo, el texto y la traducción reflejan la versión original de Kennard. el relato trata de un niño hopi que llega a vivir con un líder de los yutes, pero la narración empieza con las instrucciones que recibe el niño del líder de los hopis antes de que se lo llevaran los yutes. Sigue un cambio de tono y el texto continúa con la historia ya empezada del niño que está viviendo entre los yutes.
Inon Xomiltepetl. Un relato nahua renahualizado del municipio de Temixco, Morelos
Authors: Figueroa Saavedra Miguel , Baronnet Bruno
Published: February 2016

En la comunidad de Tetlama, Morelos, se conserva un relato oral nahua en español que fue recogido y traducido al náhuatl por miembros de la comunidad vecina de Cuentepec en 2013. Tal relato alude a la especial asociación entre el Cerro del Jumil y el Diablo y es sin duda una obra significativa para la comunidad, pues los saberes que transmite guardan enseñanzas que sirven para advertir de acciones, conductas y sentimientos que siguen amenazando la cohesión social. Este contenido es el que ha propiciado su transmisión y traducción intracultural mediante su renahuatlización, lo que nos permite reflexionar sobre la pervivencia del continuum cultural nahua en la región, pese al desplazamiento lingüístico, así como la conservación de la tradición oral como resultado de procesos de reactualización y refuncionalización del folclore oral, y de su reintegración como parte del patrimoniolingüístico náhuatl.
Sífilis: Prevalência num Hospital de Lisboa
Authors: Lopes Leonor , Ferro-Rodrigues Rita , Llobet Samuel , Lito Luís , Borges-Costa João
Published: February 2016

Introdução: A sífilis é uma doença de transmissão sexual e vertical. A sua incidência está a aumentar na Europa, particularmente em Portugal.Material e Métodos: Estudo retrospetivo baseado na análise laboratorial de testes treponémicos positivos, entre janeiro e dezembro de 2013, no Hospital de Santa Maria. Foram incluídos doentes internados, da consulta externa, do hospital dia e da urgência. Procedeu-se a caraterização epidemiológica, classificação da doença e de fatores de risco associados.Resultados: Obteve-se uma amostra de 484 doentes, após exclusão de 51 por ausência de dados clínicos nos processos e de 45 por valores falsos positivos. Verificou-se predomínio do sexo masculino (75%) e idade média de 47 anos. A maioria (59%) tinha testes serológicos compatíveis com sífilis no passado e 3,7% encontrava-se em vigilância clínica. Diagnosticou-se sífilis primária em 13doentes, secundária em 71, latente precoce em 40, latente indeterminada em 49 e latente tardia em cinco. No grupo sífilis recente, 42% (n = 124) eram seropositivos para o VIH e 8% tiveram, em simultâneo, este diagnóstico.Discussão: Salienta-se a elevada prevalência da coinfeção pelo VIH nos doentes com sífilis recente, reforçando a importância de promover a utilização de medidas preventivas. Registaram-se 11% de formas clínicas tardias, que são de notificação obrigatória desde junho de 2014. Todos os testes serológicos para o diagnóstico de sífilis apresentam limitações, o que enfatiza a importância da correlação clínico-laboratorial.Conclusão: A sífilis continua a ser um problema de saúde pública pelo que é necessário estabelecer programas de educação, rastreio e follow-up para reduzir a sua prevalência e tornar mais eficiente o rastreio dos parceiros.
A Prevalência de Pré-Obesidade/Obesidade nas Crianças do Ensino Pré-Escolar e Escolar na Autarquia de Vila Nova de Gaia, Portugal
Authors: Camarinha Bárbara , Graça Pedro , Nogueira Paulo Jorge
Published: February 2016

Introdução: Mais de 30% das crianças portuguesas apresentam excesso de peso. Sendo um grave problema de saúde pública com múltiplas causas, só uma ação intersectorial e concertada poderá contribuir para a sua resolução. As autarquias possuem um conjunto de competências que as tornam ideais para uma intervenção eficaz na luta contra este problema. Para essa ação ser efetiva é necessária uma avaliação local da dimensão do problema e sua distribuição espacial. O objetivo deste estudo foi caracterizar, do ponto de vista da prevalência de excesso de peso, a população do pré-escolar e primeiro ciclo do ensino básico sob responsabilidade da autarquia de Vila Nova de Gaia, o terceiro município mais populoso do país.Material e Métodos: Avaliaram-se 8 974 crianças do pré-escolar e primeiro ciclo do ensino básico do município, no ano letivo 2013/14. A avaliação do estado nutricional da amostra foi feita com recurso às medidas antropométricas peso e altura. Na classificação do estado nutricional considerou-se os percentis ou z-scores do índice de massa corporal para a idade de acordo com os critérios definidos pela Organização Mundial de Saúde, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention e pela International Obesity Task Force.Resultados: A prevalência de excesso de peso pelo critério da Organização Mundial da Saúde foi de 37,4%. Identificaram-se disparidades na distribuição do excesso de peso nas escolas do concelho.Discussão: Os resultados encontrados foram ligeiramente superiores aos de outros estudos nacionais e internacionais, podendo a abrangência amostral justificar as diferenças encontradas.Conclusão: A prevalência encontrada é elevada e de distribuição aparentemente distinta a nível espacial, o que poderá contribuir para a identificação dos principais determinantes do problema a nível local.
Fosfato β-Tricálcico Monobloco no Tratamento de Fraturas Proximais do Úmero Cirúrgicas
Authors: Sarmento Marco , Martins Samuel , Monteiro Jacinto
Published: February 2016

Introduction: The proximal humeral fractures are becoming more frequent, with a greater tendency for its surgical treatment by osteosynthesis with plate and locked screws. The mechanical and biological failure in these fractures and devices, despite the evolution of this type of implants, highlighted the synthetic bone grafts became an option.
Material and Methods: Over a period of 96 months, patients considered were those with proximal humeral fractures treated surgically with a plate and locked screws, and in which β-tricalcium phosphate bone graft had been used. Functional results were evaluated by the shoulder range of motion as the radiological results.
Results: In 19 patients, with a medial follow up of 53 months, we obtained an average shoulder range of motion of 140º in abduction, 142º in forward flexion, 37º in external rotation and L3 hand position in internal rotation for a cefalo-diaphyseal angle of 136º.
Discussion: The β-tricalcium phosphate synthetic bone graft allows the maintenance of reduction after fixation of proximal humeral fractures stabilized with plate and locked screws. This reduction which means the maintenance of cefalo-diaphyseal angle is in close relationship with functional results as shown by shoulder range of motion in all planes.
Conclusion: The β-tricalcium phosphate synthetic bone graft should be seen as an adjuvant therapy in extramedullary fixation of proximal humeral fractures, especially those with greater comminution of the medial calcar.
Ainhum or Dactylolysis Spontanea: a Missing Toe
Authors: Sousa Isabel , Fernandes António , Távora Isabel
Published: February 2016

Keywords: Ainhum; Toes.
As Trinta e Seis Vistas do Monte Fuji e a Primeira Consulta de Oncologia
Authors: Dantas de Brito Margarida
Published: February 2016

Keywords: Appointments and Schedules; Medicine in Art; Neoplasms; Paintings.
Mitscherlich‐Modeled, Semi‐Arid Canola Nitrogen Requirements Influenced by Soil Nitrogen and Water
Authors: Pan William L. , McClellan Maaz Tai , Hammac W. Ashley , McCracken Vicki A. , Koenig Richard T.
Published: February 2016

Prospects for canola (Brassica napus L.), as a rotational crop for agronomic and market diversification, have stimulated agronomic research to fit this crop into the unique environments and soils where wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) production dominates. The objectives of the present study were to define N and water requirements of canola following wheat or fallow in a semi‐arid climate and to develop a predictive model for making N fertilizer recommendations. Field experiments were conducted at 12 site‐years with five N rates (0, 45, 90, 134, and 179 kg N ha−1). Pre‐plant soil and post‐harvest plant sampling provided an assessment of Mitscherlich‐modeled relationships among yield, soil N and water availability, economic optimal N supply, and fertilizer rates over the course of the study. Soil nitrogen supply (Ns) availability following wheat was lower than following fallow (77 vs. 205 kg Ns ha−1) leading to higher N fertilizer requirements (47 vs. 0 kg Nf ha−1) for canola following wheat, despite having lower water limited‐yield potentials. Unit nitrogen requirements (UNRs) at economic optimal yield levels ranged from 7 to 17 kg Ns (kg grain) −1 across site‐years. Overall, these UNRs are generally higher than other reported canola recommendations from similar production areas. We attribute this to our inclusion of greater residual soil N depths and N mineralization contributions to N supply estimates. The N requirements were found to be completely or largely satisfied by non‐fertilizer N sources in situations when non‐fertilizer N supplies are high and water availability limits canola yield potential.

Core Ideas

Available water influences canola yields and N responses.

Fertilizer N responses obeyed the Law of Diminishing Returns.

Unit N requirements decreased with increasing water‐driven yield potentials.
Nectar Production in Oilseeds: Food for Pollinators in an Agricultural Landscape
Authors: Thom Matthew D. , Eberle Carrie A. , Forcella Frank , Gesch Russ , Weyers Sharon , Lundgren Jonathan G.
Published: February 2016

Pollinating insects are in decline throughout the world, driven by a combination of factors including the loss of forage resources. The maize (Zea mays L.)– and soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.]–dominated agriculture of the Central and Midwestern United States produces a landscape relatively devoid of nectar and pollen resources. Introducing specialty oilseeds into current crop rotations could provide abundant floral resources for pollinating insects as well as a high‐value crop for growers. We investigated the nectar sugar resources and insect visitation throughout flower anthesis of nine specialty oilseed crops in west‐central Minnesota and eastern South Dakota during the 2013 and 2014 growing seasons. Total sugar produced over anthesis (TS) was highest for echium (Echium plantagineum L.) at 472 kg ha−1. Canola (Brassica napus L.), crambe (Crambe abyssinica Hochst.), echium, borage (Borago officinalis L.), and cuphea (Cuphea viscosissima Jacq. × Cuphea lanceolata W. T. Aiton) produced enough sugar in one hectare to supply the annual sugar needs of a least one managed honey bee (Apis mellifera L.) colony. Pollinators visited flowers of all crops, with as many as 90 insects min−1 observed. Our study is unique as we measured nectar sugar production, flower density, and insect visitation throughout anthesis for multiple specialty oilseed crops, providing a seasonwide perspective of the flux of nectar resources for pollinators. Adding specialty oilseed crops into current crop rotations could aid in reversing pollinator decline by providing forage resources that are lacking in the current agricultural landscape.
Use of Crop Growth Models with Whole‐Genome Prediction: Application to a Maize Multienvironment Trial
Authors: Cooper Mark , Technow Frank , Messina Carlos , Gho Carla , Totir L. Radu
Published: February 2016

High throughput genotyping, phenotyping, and envirotyping applied within plant breeding multienvironment trials (METs) provide the data foundations for selection and tackling genotype × environment interactions (GEIs) through whole‐genome prediction (WGP). Crop growth models (CGM) can be used to enable predictions for yield and other traits for different genotypes and environments within a MET if genetic variation for the influential traits and their responses to environmental variation can be incorporated into the CGM framework. Furthermore, such CGMs can be integrated with WGP to enable whole‐genome prediction with crop growth models (CGM‐WGP) through use of computational methods such as approximate Bayesian computation. We previously used simulated data sets to demonstrate proof of concept for application of the CGM‐WGP methodology to plant breeding METs. Here the CGM‐WGP methodology is applied to an empirical maize (Zea mays L.) drought MET data set to evaluate the steps involved in reduction to practice. Positive prediction accuracy was achieved for hybrid grain yield in two drought environments for a sample of doubled haploids (DHs) from a cross. This was achieved by including genetic variation for five component traits into the CGM to enable the CGM‐WGP methodology. The five component traits were a priori considered to be important for yield variation among the maize hybrids in the two target drought environments included in the MET. Here, we discuss lessons learned while applying the CGM‐WGP methodology to the empirical data set. We also identify areas for further research to improve prediction accuracy and to advance the CGM‐WGP for a broader range of situations relevant to plant breeding.
Rainfall-induced release of microbes from manure: model development, parameter estimation, and uncertainty evaluation on small plots
Authors: Kim Keewook , Whelan Gene , Molina Marirosa , Thomas Purucker S. , Pachepsky Yakov , Guber Andrey , Cyterski Michael J. , Franklin Dorcas H. , Blaustein Ryan A.
Published: February 2016

A series of simulated rainfall-runoff experiments with applications of different manure types (cattle solid pats, poultry dry litter, swine slurry) was conducted across four seasons on a field containing 36 plots (0.75 × 2 m each), resulting in 144 rainfall-runoff events. Simulating time-varying release of Escherichia coli, enterococci, and fecal coliforms from manures applied at typical agronomic rates evaluated the efficacy of the Bradford–Schijven model modified by adding terms for release efficiency and transportation loss. Two complementary, parallel approaches were used to calibrate the model and estimate microbial release parameters. The first was a four-step sequential procedure using the inverse model PEST, which provides appropriate initial parameter values. The second utilized a PEST/bootstrap procedure to estimate average parameters across plots, manure age, and microbe, and to provide parameter distributions. The experiment determined that manure age, microbe, and season had no clear relationship to the release curve. Cattle solid pats released microbes at a different, slower rate than did poultry dry litter or swine slurry, which had very similar release patterns. These findings were consistent with other published results for both bench- and field-scale, suggesting the modified Bradford–Schijven model can be applied to microbial release from manure.
Survival by Dialysis Modality—Who Cares?
Authors: Lee Martin B. , Bargman Joanne M.
Published: February 2016

In light of the recent emphasis on patient-centered outcomes and quality of life for patients with kidney disease, we contend that the nephrology community should no longer fund, perform, or publish studies that compare survival by dialysis modality. These studies have become redundant; they are methodologically limited, unhelpful in practice, and therefore a waste of resources. More than two decades of these publications show similar survival between patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis and those receiving thrice-weekly conventional hemodialysis, with differences only for specific subgroups. In clinical practice, modality choice should be individualized with the aim of maximizing quality of life, patient-reported outcomes, and achieving patient-centered goals. Expected survival is often irrelevant to modality choice. Even for the younger and fitter home hemodialysis population, quality of life, not just duration of survival, is a major priority. On the other hand, increasing evidence suggests that patients with ESRD continue to experience poor quality of life because of high symptom burden, unsolved clinical problems, and unmet needs. Patients care more about how they will live instead of how long. It is our responsibility to align our research with their needs. Only by doing so can we meet the challenges of ESRD patient care in the coming decades.
Measurement of cross-section for the 139La(n,γ)140la reaction using reflected neutron beam at 0.0334 eV energy
Authors: Islam Mohammad , Hossain Syed , Akter Farzana , Uddin Mohammad , Naher Kamrun , Tamim Umma
Published: February 2016

The experimental neutron capture cross-section for the 139La(n, g)140La
reaction at 0.0334 eV was measured for the first time using activation
technique. The obtained cross-section value amounted to 7.86 ? 0.55 b is in
agreement with the evaluated data libraries ENDF/B-VII and JENDL-3.3. The
present value measured at 0.0334 eV and the previous data at 0.0536 eV were
extrapolated to the energy 0.0253 eV assuming 1/v dependence and the results
were compared with the integrally measured values reported in the literature.
The new data are thus useful to check the evaluated excitation function.
Characterization of radioactive aerosols in Tehran research reactor containment
Authors: Moradi Gholamreza , Sadighzadeh Asghar , Yarahmadi Rasoul , Omidi Leila , Farshad Ali , Rezaei Fard
Published: February 2016

The objectives of this research were to determine the levels of radioactivity
in the Tehran research reactor containment and to investigate the mass-size
distribution, composition, and concentration of radionuclides during
operation of the reactor. A cascade impactor sampler was used to determine
the size-activity distributions of radioactive aerosols in each of the
sampling stations. Levels of a and b activities were determined based on a
counting method using a liquid scintillation counter and smear tests. The
total average mass fractions of fine particles (particle diameter dp < 1 mm)
in all of the sampling stations were approximately 26.75 %, with the mean and
standard deviation of 52.15 ? 19.75 mg/m3. The total average mass fractions
of coarse particles were approximately 73.2%, with the mean and standard
deviation of 71.34 ? 24.57 mg/m3. In addition to natural radionuclides,
artificial radionuclides, such as 24Na, 91Sr, 131I, 133I, 103Ru, 82Br, and
140La, may be released into the reactor containment structure. Maximum
activity was associated with accumulation-mode particles with diameters less
than 400 nm. The results obtained from liquid scintillation counting
suggested that the mean specific activity of alpha particles in fine and
coarse-modes were 89.7 % and 10.26 %, respectively. The mean specific
activity of beta particles in fine and coarse-modes were 81.15 % and 18.51 %,
respectively. A large fraction of the radionuclides' mass concentration in
the Tehran research reactor containment was associated with coarse-mode
particles, in addition, a large fraction of the activity in the aerosol
particles was associated with accumulation-mode particles.
The dose from radioactivity of covering construction materials in Serbia
Authors: Manic Vesna , Manic Goran , Nikezic Dragoslav , Krstic Dragana
Published: February 2016

The indoor dose due to the radiation of ceramic and granite tiles, marble,
granite and travertine plates, as well as some components of covering
materials, produced in Serbia or imported from other countries, was estimated
in the work. Activity concentrations of 226Ra, 232Th, and 40K were measured
by the standard gamma-spectrometry system. The lowest content of the
radionuclides was found in white marble (ARa = 2 Bq/kg, ATh < 2 Bq/kg, and AK
< 3 Bq/kg), while the highest activities were in some granite samples
(Balmoral red: ARa = 200 Bq/kg, ATh = 378 Bq/kg, and AK = 1679, and Madura
Gold: ARa = 273 Bq/kg, ATh = 20 Bq/kg, and AK = 1456 Bq/kg). The indoor
absorbed dose rate in air due to the gamma radiation from covering materials
was determined based on the specific absorbed dose rate computed in this
work. Concentration of 222Rn that emanated into the indoor space was also
calculated from the known 226Ra content. The radiation hazard estimated from
the usage of each sample was expressed through the evaluated effective dose.
Almost all samples, except one, fulfil the dosimetric criterion for safe use.