bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
التجربة الماليزية في وسائل استقرار الأسرة وإصلاحها في ضوء الشريعة الإسلامية
Authors: Saeed Osman Affa Mohammed , Nagasi Mohamed Ibrahim
Published: January 2022

Marriage in Islam is a lawful connection between a man and a woman in perpetuity.

It is accomplished with the consent and full acceptance of both of them according to the proper provisions. Marriage is based on solid foundations, strong principles, and high ethics. The rights and responsibilities between the spouses are established with the Qur’an and Sunnah, in achieving the high purposes of marriage and providing everlasting stability in order to achieve the happiness that every family dream about it. On the other hand, since marriage is a serious responsibility either in marriage or divorce so not permissible to joke.

Because marriage is a heavy covenant that God has taken upon the children of Adam. Therefore, all the rights and duties that entail between the spouses must be fulfilled and must hold with favours or being discharged with kindness. So, for this, we find Malaysians have taken all precautionary means and methods that guarantee stability and continuity in marriage. A Malaysian cannot apply for the marriage contract unless he/she takes a training course certificate that qualifies him/her to manage and bear family responsibility. And if it is difficult to live together, then they go to Advisory Committee, to remove the misunderstanding between the spouses, to settle their differences, and preserve the bridge of affection between them. In addition, that divorce can only take place in court.

The problem of the research is the high rate of divorce in the Islamic world, so perhaps this research will contribute to the emergence of appropriate solutions to this problem, and it is known that the human being is composed of two main important elements, namely the body and the soul, and they need to be satisfied, and their emptiness is a reason for the emergence of formalities.

 This research aims to highlight the strengths of Malaysian family treatments to enhance them, and to benefit from their positive aspects in the rest of the Islamic world. This study will include a presentation of the pre-emptive methods and the post-remedial measures that the reconciliation committee undertakes before submitting the case to the Shariah court judge. In his study, the researcher will take this descriptive and analytical approach to find out the phenomena and then search for an accurate logical explanation and analysis suitable for them, in order to reach the required results.
Empowering the Survival of SME Business in Challenges Against Covid-19 Pandemic Crisis towards Thriving the Performance
Authors: Zainuddin Mohammad Tahir
Published: January 2022

The Covid-19 coronavirus pandemic is a human tragedy affecting tons of people around the world. The outbreak of the Covid-19 pandemic, and the following Movement Control Order (MCO), is driving the community to embrace a new norm and to speedily adapt to new ways of lifestyles. The outbreak imposed negative impacts on global economy, industries as well as business community. Small and medium enterprises (SME's) are among the hardest hit following the application of the new norm, the Covid-19 and the MCO, back to March 2020.    Therefore, the study mainly highlights on the factors that would accelerate and thrive the performance of SMEs during the COVID-19 pandemic, hence would help SME to survive. The study was conducted by collecting data through survey and utilizing quantitative method.
The Role of Islamic Microfinance in Uplifting B20 Communities in Malaysia in The Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Nawai Norhaziah
Published: January 2022

The purpose of this study is to review the Islamic microfinance model that best suited the bottom of the wealth pyramid (B20) communities in Malaysia. Islamic microfinance products and services that are friendly to the B20 communities are crucial to ensure they are not lacking behind from the current development where everybody has access to the financial services. Most current Islamic microfinance products use debt-based financing that similar to the banking products. These products are not suitable to the B20 communities because it creates debt and burdens them to pay back the financing. Therefore, this paper reviews the potential of equity-based financing models that suit to the B20 communities. The study reviews past literature obtained from scholarly databases including Web of Sciences, Scopus, and Google Scholar. In addition, data from microfinance providers are also collected through their website, news published, and bulletin.  The ﬁndings reveal that equity-based financing via musharakah mutanaqisah seeing as the innovative Islamic microfinance model that suit to the B20 communities compares to debt-based financing.
Tinjauan Kesan Pembiayaan Perbankan Islam kepada Sektor Pembinaan Infrastruktur Semasa Pandemik Di Indonesia
Authors: Mohamad Torik Langlang Buana  , Nuradli Ridzwan Shah Mohd Dali  , Intan Fatimah Anwar
Published: January 2022

In early 2020, news in Indonesia announced through many media channels that a new virus, COVID-19, had been found and spread in Wuhan province, China. Later on, a patient was found in Indonesia, in Depok near Jakarta and rapidly spread throughout Jakarta. Preliminary action was taken by the governor of Jakarta, by implementing the Movement Control Order (MCO) in Jakarta starting in mid-March 2020 for students extended to the suspension of economic activities of almost all sectors in Indonesia. Subsequently, only fifteen sectors of business are allowed to operate which some of them is the banking and construction sectors. The Indonesian government continues to carry out recovery, including giving the first vaccine to the president in January 2021. The question is, how has this COVID-19 pandemic situation affected the financing of Islamic banks towards the construction sector ? This study use online data from available reports such as Indonesian Bank statistics and construction industrial reports to help the researchers in discussing for responding the research questions. The finding revealed that Islamic banks’ financing to construction sector is better at this pandemic period.

Abstrak

Pada awal 2020, berita di Indonesia telah mengumumkan melalui banyak saluran media bahawa sejenis virus baharu iaitu COVID-19 telah ditemui dan tersebar di daerah Wuhan, China. Walaubagaimanapun kemudian, seorang pesakit telah ditemui di Indonesia iaitu di Depok dan dengan pantas telah merebak ke seluruh Jakarta. Tindakan awal telah diambil oleh gabenor Jakarta, dengan melaksanakan Perintah Kendali Pergerakan (PKP) di Jakarta bermula pada pertengahan Mac 2020 bagi pelajar dan kemudian dilanjutkan kepada penangguhan aktiviti-aktiviti ekonomi hampir keseluruhan sektor di Indonesia. Namun begitu, hanya lima belas sektor yang dibenarkan beroperasi dan salah satunya adalah sektor bank dan pembinaan. Kerajaan Indonesia terus melakukan pemulihan termasuk pemberian vaksin pertama  diberikan kepada presiden pada Januari 2021. Persoalannya adalah, bagaimanakah situasi pandemik COVID-19 ini telah mempengaruhi pembiayaan bank-bank Islam terhadap sektor pembinaan? Kajian ini menggunakan data dalam talian daripada laporan sedia ada seperti statistik bank Indonesia dan laporan pembinaan industri bagi membantu membuat keputusan kepada penyelidik dalam membincang persoalan kajian. Ditemukan pembiayaan daripada Bank Islam bagi sektor pembinaan lebih baik dari tahun sebelumnya.
قاعدة "تصرف الإمام في الرعية منوط بالمصلحة" وتطبيقها في نازلة كوفيد-19
Authors: Hanaffie Hasin
Published: January 2022

Among the factors which play a great effect in causing the change in standard Islamic rulings is the occurance of a sudden widely spread catastrophe or pandemic which has resulted in large numbers of fatalities globally. In our current time, the Covid-19 has widely spread and adversely affected all aspects of daily life.  In the time of pandemic or calamity, in general, the ruling government holds a great and heavy responsibilty in learning the Islamic ruling concerning the arising problems and thus taking the best decisions and measure in order to ease public affairs and put them in good order according to the Maqāṣid of Syarī‘ah (Objectives of Syarī ‘ah) in providing benefits for the citizens and safeguard them from harm. This goal is the core essence and ultimate purpose of governance in Islam. This study aims to elucidate the importance of the Legal Maxim: “Leader’s Actions  Towards The People  Are Based On Maṣlaḥah (Benefit)” in the light of collective ijtihād, knowledge and responsibilities according to Islamic rulings and Syarī‘ah governance to preserve the five kulliyyāt of Islamic Syarī‘ah (The Five General Objective of Syarī‘ah Islāmiyyah) in every aspect of both religious and worldly affairs. This study follows the descriptive and analytical methodologies in explaining the legal maxim from the view of Islamic Science tradition and, applied methodology in applying the legal maxim in dealing with the current Covid-19 pandemic and critical methodology in criticising some fatwa (legal ruling issued by Islamic scholars and authorities) in approaching and dealing with numerous issues related to this pandemic. Amongst the most important findings of this study is the important role of collective ijtihād which gather the government leaders, experts from every field, religious scholars and authorities to take any beneficial and unharmful decision based on the true methodology of Islamic teachings. This kind of ijtihād is extremely important to assure that every action done in facing this pandemic is in accordance with Allah’s law, therefore, in obtaining salvation in this worldly life and hereafter.
Promosi dan Pengurusan Pelajar Siswazah Antarabangsa USIM Pasca Covid-19
Authors: Abdul Razak Zainur Rijal , Hassan Fauziah , Shaharuddin Amir
Published: January 2022

The spread of the Covid-19 pandemic has changed the landscape of varied communities around the world and disrupting their daily activities and impacting in various areas of services. In this case, the Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) is also affected especially in the aspects of promotion, management and recruitment of international students. Therefore, this study will examine the views of prospective international postgraduate students at USIM towards their study journey. In addition, this study will identify suggestions for improvements to increase the promotion towards international postgraduate students’ admission during the Covid-19 outbreak. This study also suggests policies that need to be considered by universities to improve the effectiveness of post-Covid-19 promotion and management. A total of 122 prospective students completed a set of questionnaires distributed online. The results of the study found that they were satisfied with the procedure of admission process to USIM. They also suggested that USIM should update its online marketing promotion strategy more effectively. Other than that, the difficulties that they faced during the pandemic were analyzed and used as a basis of a guideline to formulate policy proposals for the management which regards to improve the promotional activities and management of international postgraduate students to attract more students in the future.
Penularan wabak Covid-19 telah mengubah lanskap kehidupan variasi masyarakat di seluruh dunia sehingga mengganggu kelancaran aktiviti seharian dan memberi impak dalam pelbagai bidang perkhidmatan. Tidak terkecuali menerima tempias adalah Institusi Pendidikan Tinggi (IPT) yang memberi kesan terutama kepada aspek promosi, pengurusan dan pengambilan pelajar antarabangsa. Oleh itu, kajian ini akan mengkaji pandangan bakal pelajar siswazah antarabangsa di USIM mengenai situasi pengajian mereka nanti. Selain itu, kajian ini akan mengenal pasti cadangan penambahbaikan terhadap promosi kemasukan pelajar antarabangsa ketika wabak Covid-19 dan mencadangkan dasar yang perlu diwujudkan oleh pihak universiti bagi meningkatkan keberkesanan promosi dan pengurusan pelajar pasca wabak Covid-19. Seramai 122 calon pelajar telah mengisi set soal selidik yang diedarkan secara dalam talian. Hasil kajian mendapati bahawa mereka berpuas hati mengenai tatacara proses kemasukan mereka ke USIM. Mereka juga mencadangkan agar USIM mengemaskini strategi promosi pemasaran dalam talian dengan lebih efektif. Pandangan mereka berkaitan kesukaran yang dihadapi ketika pandemik dianalisa dan dijadikan asas untuk merangka cadangan dasar pengurusan kategori pelajar ini bagi melancarkan aktiviti promosi dan pengurusan pelajar siswazah antarabangsa agar impaknya dalam jangka panjang akan menarik lebih ramai pelajar masa akan datang.
Investigation of Possibilities of λ = 1 Full Load Operation for Gasoline Engines in the Light of Future Emission Regulation
Authors: Szabados György , Szűcs Herman , Hézer Jozefin , Sanders Brian
Published: January 2022

To date, huge amounts of money have been invested in the development of internal combustion engines to reach the current level of technology. High specific power and good thermal efficiency have been achieved, thanks to which, internal combustion engines are now widely used. However, the driving force behind the developments is no longer the high performance, but the compliance with strict emission standards. Future emissions regulation, namely Euro 7, will be challenging for engine and vehicle manufacturers. One possible technical solution may be to use a stoichiometric air-fuel mixture on the entire engine map to meet the requirements of the Euro 7 emission standard. This article analyzes the change in Euro regulations in the light of Euro 7, as well as the theoretical background of the λ = 1 operation. Several technical possibilities to achieve the stoichiometric ratio, such as e.g. water injection or variable compression ratio are presented.
Estrategia de planificación turística y las funciones participativas de los stakeholders en la provincia de Los Ríos
Authors: Rivera García Christian , Parra Cerezo Glenda , Zavala Santana Alicia
Published: January 2022

Introducción. En los últimos años la estrategia de planificación turística de los Stakeholders a nivel internacional ha comenzado a girar desde la administración, ha tenido un desplazamiento considerable en la gobernabilidad, una de las principales características, los agentes involucrados en el sector son integrados en los procesos, toma de decisiones, gestiones y evaluación de los resultados de la administración pública, ampliando su participación favorable y efectividad en el sector. En Ecuador la planificación estratégica del turismo y las funciones de los Stakeholders se unifican y organizan en una línea de coexistencia mercantil, con la utilización de herramientas tecnológicas participativas de diagnóstico, convirtiéndose en una necesidad para el desarrollo óptimo de los destinos turísticos, estos agentes son considerados importantes para la creación de nuevas políticas, y gestiones en el ámbito turístico. El Objetivo de este trabajo consiste en identificar las estrategias de planificación turística para definir las funciones de los Stakeholders en estas actividades. Metodología. La investigación siguió una metodología descriptiva, con la utilización de métodos teóricos y la revisión documental, también se utilizó el método deductivo para identificar a los beneficiarios directos de esta investigación, se aplicaron encuestas a 10 profesionales del ámbito turístico de la Provincia de Los Ríos, que manifestaron desconocer a los actores que tienen que ver con la actividad turística identificada en un plan estratégico de turismo. Resultados. El turismo en la Provincia de Los Ríos es un sector que ha venido posicionándose como un destino de forma irregular, debido a que los atractivos turísticos, planta turística no prestan las condiciones para brindar un servicio acorde a exigencias del turista. Conclusiones. La limitada noción de administración en el sector público hacia la localidad ha producido escaso énfasis en el desarrollo de esta actividad, limitando a la población hacia otros horizontes de productividad local y nacional.
Comparison of Clinical and Angiographic Profiles of Patients with or without Left Main Coronary Artery Disease
Authors: Biswas Suman Kumar , Mahmood Manzoor , Sheikh Naveen , Khaled Md Fakhrul Islam , Bari Ahmed Saiful , Abdullah Abu Sadique , Islam Rashedul , Ansari Sanjida , Safiuddin Mohammad
Published: January 2022

Background: Left main coronary artery disease constitutes highest risk lesion subset of CAD population. Flow dynamics and pathophysiology in the left main coronary artery are different from that of the other coronary arteries. So traditional risk factors might interact differently with left main artery resulting in different clinical and angiographic characteristics compared to others. Anatomic pattern evaluation in left main coronary artery disease is important in deciding best management options. However, their pattern and profiles were variably shown in different studies with discrepant
Results suggesting geographic variation and lead to evaluation of characteristics in our own population. Better understanding this specific problem might lead to further improvement in its management.
Methods: It was an observational cross-sectional study. Ninety-one adult coronary artery disease patients over the period of one year who underwent invasive coronary angiogram were studied. Study subjects were divided into two groups after coronary angiogram: Left main (Group 1) and Non-left main (Group 2) CAD. Demographic data, risk factor profiles and angiographic patterns of both groups were compared to see if any statistically significant difference present or not.
Results: The mean age and standard deviation in group 1 is 55.2±9.4 and in group 2 is 55.5±12.9; the comparative analysis showed no statistically significant difference. Most of the patients were male 69 (76%) and the comparative study showed statistically significant differences (p=0.046) which showed left main disease tended to be higher in male. Majority (64%) had BMI in normal range with no significant difference. Among the risk factors comparison, diabetes and family history of CAD showed significant association with the left main cohort (p<0.05). Non-ST elevated ACS was the most common presentation and significantly associated with the left main group (p<0.05). On coronary angiogram, there were 80 patients (87.92%) who had no left main artery involvement while 11 patients (12.08%) had left main disease. The comparative study of coronary artery involvement among the two groups reveals no statistically significant differences (p>0.05) but triple vessel disease was found more commonly than single and double vessel disease. Distal lesions (64%) were found more frequently than other types of left main stenosis followed by ostio-proximal lesion (36%).
Conclusion: In the patients with left main coronary artery disease, male gender, diabetes mellitus, positive family history and presentation with non-ST elevation ACS were found to be significantly associated. Distal left main lesion and triple vessel disease were commonly found.
University Heart Journal 2022; 18(1): 3-9
Frequency of Transition of patients with NYHA class III / IV to NYHA class I / II / III of stage C and D Heart Failure with Pharmacotherapy in a Tertiary Level Hospital
Authors: Ansari Sanjida , Kabir Md Faisal Ibn , Ahmed Khurshed , Ahsan Syed Ali , Ahmed Chaudhary Meskat , Khaled Md Fakhrul Islam , Siraj Mausool , Nahar Jannatun , Biswas Sumon Kumar , Karna Rajan , Ahsan Mohammad Hashimul , Islam Rashedul , Hoque Md Harisul
Published: January 2022

Background: Heart failure (HF) is one of the most important health problems in terms of prevalence, morbidity, mortality and health service use. It affects around 2 to 3 % of the population. NYHA class can be used for the prioritization, triage and tailoring the HF management which is the foundation for the selection of therapies. The patient with higher NYHA class may need Mechanical Circulatory Support therapy or palliative care or hospice care. The identification of the patients with lower NYHA class helps to tailor vigorous drug therapy and close follow up program, the prognosis of these low risk patients maybe further improved. It is a simple tool for risk stratification in clinical practice.

Objective: The principal objective of this study was to determine frequency of transition of NYHA class III / IV to NYHA class I / II / III of stage C & D HF with drugs in a tertiary level hospital.

Methods: This was a crosssectional study. A total of 45 patients with stage C and D HF were enrolled in the study by consecutive sampling from October 2019 to September 2020. Detailed history including NYHA functional class of stage C and D HF, physical examination, relevant investigations and Echocardiography were done in all the subjects. The subjects were treated accordingly. The treatment response was assessed again with NYHA functional class on discharge.

Result: Patients had mean age of 62 &60 and 54 & 54 years for NYHA class III & IV of stage C and D HF. Majority of the patients were male. Primary cause of HF for both stage were IHD followed by DCM and valvular heart disease. The clinical presentation of stage C & D HF was improved significantly on discharge. Haematological, biochemical, radiological and echocardiographic findings of NYHA class IV of stage C & D HF was more worst.

Conclusion: There is statistically significant transition of NYHA class III of stage C and D HF to lower NYHA class but there is no statistically significant transition of NYHA class IV of stage C and D HF with pharmacotherapy in a tertiary level hospital. Higher NYHA class is associated with poor outcome of stage C & D HF patients.

University Heart Journal 2022; 18(1): 14-21
Six-month Outcome after Early Invasive Versus Delayed Ischaemia Driven Percutaneous Coronary Intervention in Non-ST Elevated Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Islam Rashedul , Ahsan Syed Ali , Rahman AKM Fazlur , Zaman SM mustafa , Khaled Md Fakhrul Islam , Biswas Suman Kumar , Ahasan Mohammad Hasimul , Ansari Sanjida , Karna Rajan , Ahmed Khurshed , Habib SM Ahsan , Rahman Md Mukhlesur
Published: January 2022

Background: Optimal timing of PCI and comparative outcome between early invasive strategy and ischaemia guided delayed invasive strategy is still in debate in reducing long-term cardiovascular complications in NSTEMI.

Objective: The aim of the study was to assess the impact of an early invasive strategy or ischaemia guided delayed invasive strategy on six months clinical outcomes in NSTEMI patients undergoing PCI, from a Bangladesh health service perspective.

Materials and Method: It was an observational cross-sectional comparative study conducted in cardiology department of BSMMU from November 2019 to February 2021. Study procedure: This study enrolled 389 adult patients of NSTEMI who underwent PCI which met inclusion and exclusion criteria. Study subjects were divided into two groups: early and delayed groups. This study considered an early invasive strategy as - revascularization within 72h for patients presented with NSTEMI with high-risk features defined by a GRACE score > 140 and for those at lower risk with GRACE score <140; delayed ischaemia driven strategy as - revascularization after 72h, reserved for refractory, recurrent or severe exercise-induced ischaemia. Coronary angiogram (CAG) and PCI were performed by respective consultant according to current practice guidelines. After index PCI, patients were followed up at 06 months for MACEs (Myocardial re-infarction, target vessel revascularization, stroke, hospitalization due to ischaemic causes and cardiac death) and findings of 2 groups were compared.

Results: At 6 months after index PCI, patients in the early group despite having worse initial presentation and higher GRACE score had better outcome in comparison with the delayed group who had a statistically significant higher incidence of cardiac death, MI, and target vessel revascularization (p=0.002, p=0.004 and p=0.031). However, incidence of stroke, major bleeding and hospitalization due to ischemia were not significantly different between the groups (p>0.05).

Conclusion: Adoption of an early invasive strategy in NSTEMI patients undergoing PCI may be beneficial in reducing the risk of MACEs and associated with improved clinical outcome after PCI at 6 months follow-up.

University Heart Journal 2022; 18(1): 22-28
Comparación de dos textos de la tradición oral peruana con la genética textual
Authors: LaMadrid-Vivar Pablo L. , Valentín-Melgarejo Teófilo F.
Published: January 2022

El presente artículo tiene como objetivo comparar dos textos de la tradición oral peruana, los cuentos “El caldo de sapo y “El condenado de Vicco”, narraciones pertenecientes a la provincia de Pasco, para ello se analizó ambos textos con la genética o crítica textual. El análisis comparó los antextos con los textos; los antetextos como relatos originales de la narración oral y los textos como relatos escritos con mejoras realizadas por los transcriptores. El método empleado en la investigación fue el uso de la recursividad y la hermenéutica, procedimientos metodológicos de la crítica textual, por lo que se analizó e interpretó la esencia primigenia de los antetextos y su variación al convertirse en textos. El principal resultado que se obtuvo en la comparación muestra que las versiones de los antextos se constituyen en el soporte fundamental para la edición de los textos oficiales que posteriormente serán difundidos al público para su conocimiento y lectura. Se llegó a la conclusión que sin antetextos no hay textos, pues los hombres dedicados a escribir elaboran en primer lugar sus borradores para publicar las versiones finales. La genética textual permite comparar los antetextos y textos como proceso de elaboración y reelaboración textual, y así conducir a la autenticidad del texto.
Impactos de la contaminación de microcuencas en Huánuco sobre la calidad de vida de los pobladores
Authors: Bustamante-Paulino Nicéforo , Paragua-Morales Melecio
Published: January 2022

Huánuco se ubica en el centro de Perú. En su entorno está bañando por tres cuencas como el Marañón, Huallaga y Pachitea, que a su vez reciben el tributo de sus aguas de un conjunto de microcuencas, como la Nupe, Murmunya, Lauricocha, Carhuacocha, Vizcarra, Higueras, Huácar, el Eco, Llata, Quera, entre otros. El propósito de la investigación fue detectar los factores del proceso de contaminación de las cuencas y microcuencas de Huánuco, ensayar el inventario de las principales microcuencas de Huánuco en la calidad de vida de sus pobladores y determinar el rol de la educación ambiental en la preservación de las cuencas y microcuencas. El método principal fue la observación, vista en sito de la problemática, recojo de información, consulta de fuentes bibliográficas y el análisis de los mismos. El resultado fue un alto grado de contaminación de las microcuencas, escasa política de preservación y una deficiente educación ecológica y ambiental por parte de los pobladores que repercute negativamente en la calidad de vida de la población huanuqueña.
A Case Report on a Novel PINK1 Gene Mutation in a Female with a Neurodegenerative Disorder
Authors: Bandla Shaile Sudha , Srilekha Avvari , Karchalkar Poojita , Gayatri Sowmya , Venkateshwari Ananthapur
Published: January 2022

Introduction: Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive neurological disorder that affects both motor and non-motor skills in an individual. Both familial and sporadic cases of PD can be caused by mutations in the LRRK2, PARK7, PINK1, PRKN, or SNCA genes. However, mutations in genes PINK1 and LRRK2 are associated with early onset PD.

Case presentation: This study reports an 18-year-old female with early onset PD, where whole-exome sequencing showed a pathogenic missense variant p.R88W in the PINK1 gene (NM_032409.2) resulting in the disease condition.

Conclusion: For cases like neurodegenerative disorders confirmed by an MRI or CT scan, it is always advisable to perform whole-exome sequencing or next-generation sequencing to detect the genes associated with the disease. Depending on the type of the symptoms, medication along with physical therapy can be advised to manage the condition.
Subregsitro de zika en Girardot, Cundinamarca, 2015-2016
Authors: Martínez Durán Máncel Enrique , Alfonso Kristy , Ávila Claudia P. , Barrios Angélica , Cárdenas Jenny Paola , Causil Ángela , Chaux Ángela , Corredor Ginna M. , Crescente Edgardo , Cristiano Juanita , Fontal Luis Felipe , Fontalvo Liliana , Garavito Diana , Girón Doaneya , Gómez Alba Nelly , Lancheros Paola , León Diana , Monroy Leidy , Montoya Adriana , Ortíz Ángela , Pardo Aida , Peláez Laura , Pico Rocío , Ramírez Mónica , Redondo Marilyn , Rocha Franky , Taborda Melissa , Urbina Laura , Vega Carmen Helena , Villamarín Gloria , Gómez Sara E. , Salas Daniela , León Leonardo
Published: January 2022

Introducción: Zika es una enfermedad ocasionada por infección con el virus Zika, un flavivirus de la familia Flaviviridae, transmitido por la picadura de mosquitos hembra Aedes aegypti o Aedes albopictus
Objetivos: describir las características demográficas y sociales de los casos de Zika en la población urbana del municipio de Girardot, estimar el subregistro de casos de Zika no consultantes, estimar el subregistro de casos no notificados de Zika que asistieron a consulta diagnosticados como Zika en las instituciones prestadoras de servicios de salud de Girardot y no notificados, estimar el subregistro de casos que asistieron a consulta en las Instituciones prestadoras de servicios de salud de Girardot y no fueron diagnosticados, describir las causas del subregistro estimado, estimar la población infectada por Zika en Girardot.
Metodología: se hizo un estudio descriptivo retrospectivo; la población en estudio fue la población urbana del municipio de Girardot. Se hizo un muestreo aleatorio simple con el total de las manzanas identificadas en el área urbana, con un intervalo de confianza del 95 %, un error aceptado del 5% y una probabilidad del 1,1 %; se obtuvo una muestra de 211 manzanas para realizar la encuesta de la búsqueda activa comunitaria; se hizo búsqueda activa comunitaria y búsqueda activa institucional en las IPS.
Resultados: se encuestaron 3 502 viviendas en las que se registraron 5 542 personas; la tasa de ataque registrada en la búsqueda activa comunitaria fue del 15,2 %; el sexo masculino aportó el 59,9 % de los casos; el 49,1 % de los casos registrados en la búsqueda activa comunitaria no consultaron principalmente por automedicación. En la búsqueda activa institucional, en los pacientes que consultaron y se les hizo diagnóstico principal CIE-10 A929 y A928 (Zika), no fueron notificados al Sivigila el 81,7 %; en los pacientes que consultaron y se les hizo otros diagnósticos que nos pueden llevar a cumplir definición de caso de Zika, no fueron notificados al Sivigila el 94,4 %; con los datos de las dos búsquedas activas, en Girardot la transmisión se inició la semana 41 del 2015.
Conclusiones: los casos no notificados a nivel institucional con diagnóstico A928 y A929 (Zika) fueron el 81,7 %, los casos no notificados a nivel institucional con otros diagnósticos que nos pueden hacer cumplirla definición de caso para Zika fueron el 94,4 %.
Caracterización epidemiológica de síndrome febril en pacientes fallecidos en Colombia, 2011-2013
Authors: Ovalle M.V. , Bello S. , Rico A. , Pardo L. , Beltrán M. , Duarte C. , Páez A.
Published: January 2022

Introducción: los objetivos específicos del estudio fueron identificar las características demográficas y sociales de los eventos en estudio, establecer la frecuencia y distribución de las muertes en los tres eventos mencionados en pacientes fallecidos con diagnóstico confirmado por laboratorio o notificado como caso confirmado por Sivigila y describir las características epidemiológicas del síndrome febril en los tres eventos mencionados.
Metodología: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo retrospectivo de los casos de mortalidad de síndrome febril de los años 2011 a 2013, a partir de las bases de datos de la vigilancia por el laboratorio y la notificación por SIVIGILA. En el análisis se utilizaron proporciones.
Resultados: Se analizaron los datos de 378 pacientes fallecidos por síndrome febril, 78,8% fueron positivos para dengue, 19,3% para leptospira y 2,3% para rickettsia. Se presentaron 11 casos de co-infección. Las tres etiologías predominaron en el género masculino. El dengue predomino en los menores de 10 años (el 29,7%) y de 40 y más años (el 38,5%), leptospira en los de 40 y más años (el 58,9%) y rickettsia entre16-20 años y de 40 y más años. Las manifestaciones clínicas más comunes para los tres eventos fueron fiebre, mialgia y dolor abdominal.
Conclusiones: el dengue es la principal causa de síndrome febril agudo, se destaca la presencia de la leptospirosis como segunda causa, es necesario considerar dentro del diagnóstico diferencial la Rickettsiosis. Las manifestaciones clínicas más comunes para las tres etiologías fueron fiebre, mialgia y dolor abdominal.
Comportamiento de la lepra, una enfermedad en eliminación, Colombia 2008-2016
Authors: Rodríguez Gutiérrez Lilian Andrea , Fadul Pérez Santiago
Published: January 2022

Introducción: la lepra es una enfermedad infectocontagiosa causada por el Micobacterium Ieprae, su manifestación es de tipo crónico y presenta una amplia gama de manifestaciones clínicas en la piel y los nervios periféricos. La patogenia de la lepra es multifactorial y depende tanto de factores genéticos determinantes de la resistencia o susceptibilidad, como de la virulencia del germen, el tamaño del inóculo, la frecuencia y duración de la exposición al M. leprae, entre otros
Metodología: se realizó un estudio descriptivo retrospectivo de los casos de lepra notificados al sistema de vigilancia, los datos se tomaron de la notificación al SIVIGILA en los años 2008 a 2016 en el territorio colombiano; se calcularon frecuencias organizadas en tablas y gráficas; la tasa de detección de nuevos casos se estableció mediante gradientes de calor por percentiles.
Resultados: En los últimos nueve años, la notificación de los casos de lepra registra un comportamiento variable en cada periodo epidemiológico, en el 2013
se registró el mayor número de casos y la tasa de detección más alta de casos nuevos de lepra en el país. El sexo masculino es el más afectado por esta enfermedad representando el 64,2 % de los casos. Las entidades territoriales con la detección más alta de casos nuevos son Arauca, Huila y Norte de Santander. En cuanto a los casos clasificados como recidivas, el 2011 aporta el mayor número de casos, para el grado dos de discapacidad el 2013 presenta un total de 55 casos.
Conclusiones: De acuerdo con la condición de ingreso, los casos nuevos representan el mayor número de casos. Para el 2013 se presenta el mayor porcentaje de los casos con discapacidad (35,5% de los casos), de acuerdo a la clasificación clínica los casos multibacilares registran el mayor porcentaje.
Brote de enfermedad diarreica aguda en los municipios de Ciénaga y Pueblo Viejo Magdalena, diciembre de 2017
Authors: Santos B Martha , Rodríguez R. Andrea , Plata C. Laura , Garzón R. Flavio , Cuellar G. Constanza , Sossa Diana , Martínez Daniel , Acero Luis Felipe , Pinedo Ruth , Ayala Aixa , Gallego Angela , Prieto A. Franklyn
Published: January 2022

Introducción: El 20 de diciembre de 2017, la Secretaría de Salud del Magdalena a través de monitoreo de medios se entera de múltiples consultas en dos IPS del municipio de Ciénaga, por un cuadro clínico consistente en diarrea, vómito, fiebre, lo que generó desabastecimiento en las farmacias y colapso en los servicios de urgencias; situación similar se presentó en el municipio de Pueblo viejo. Los dos municipios comparten el mismo acueducto; de la planta de tratamiento (Ciénaga) se abastece agua para el municipio de Pueblo viejo la cual es llevada a las viviendas a través de la red de distribución (cabecera municipal), sin embargo, como no es el volumen suficiente se transporta agua en carros cisternas que abastecen los centros poblados y parte del área urbana, de igual manera se comercializa agua en envases plásticos de origen desconocido.
El principal factor de riesgo identificado fue el sistema de abastecimiento de agua y a pesar de que no se logró identificar un evento desencadenante del brote, los hallazgos en las muestras biológicas y de agua, el comportamiento de las curvas epidémicas, condiciones de saneamiento básico, factores ambientales y patrones culturales permitieron identificar que diferentes factores relacionados con la fuente, la captación, tratamiento y red de distribución en los municipios de ciénaga y Pueblo viejo fueron definitivos en el origen y propagación del brote.
Metodología: Se realizó Búsqueda Activa Comunitaria, Búsqueda Activa institucional en las IPS de los dos municipios con recolección de muestras biológicas y de agua; se presentaron los resultados en gráficas y tablas.
Resultados: Se evidencio la presencia de un brote en el municipio de Ciénaga con 2227 casos y en Pueblo viejo con 431. SE presentaron casos en todos los grupos de edad, así como en todos los barrios. Se identificó Rotavirus en muestras biológicas procedentes de los dos municipios. . Las curvas epidémicas indicaron al inicio una fuente común siendo el agua suministrada a la población el vehículo y una segunda fuente de transmisión mediante fuente propagada.
Conclusiones: Se configuró un brote de Enfermedad Diarreica Aguda de etiología viral que afectó la población urbana de los municipios de Ciénaga y Pueblo viejo El mayor número de casos se concentró en los menores de 5 años. El 100% de los casos fueron manejados de manera ambulatoria, no se presentaron casos graves ni mortalidad asociada.
Taxpayer Compliance Determinants: Perspective of Theory of Planned Behavior and Theory of Attribution
Authors: Adhikara* MF. Arrozi , Maslichah Maslichah , Diana Nur , Basyir Muhammad
Published: January 2022

Tax compliance is an issue that needs to be resolved by the government to ensure an increase in revenue, so it must develop taxpayer attitudes and awareness towards tax compliance. The purpose of the study was to obtain empirical evidence of the effect of tax knowledge, tax sanctions, and the ability to pay taxes on tax compliance mediated by awareness of paying taxes. The research design uses explanatory causality with the type of hypothesis testing, surveys for data collection, and the data source is primary. The research population is all individual taxpayers (WPOP) who have a Taxpayer Identification Number (NPWP) at the West Jakarta DJP Regional Office in DKI Jakarta Province. The sampling technique is accidental sampling. The research sample is 130 taxpayers (WPOP). The unit of analysis is individual. The time horizon is a cross-section--data analysis using path analysis. The results showed that knowledge of taxation, tax sanctions, and ability to pay taxes partially affected the awareness of paying taxes; knowledge of taxation, tax sanctions, and ability to pay taxes partially affects tax compliance. The research findings show that during the COVID-19 pandemic, taxpayers are pretty aware of paying taxes to comply with tax law regulations according to their abilities by functioning as a mediator to improve tax compliance.
How Feasibility Study Guides An Execution Of Project Development
Authors: Raharjo Dwi Sihono
Published: January 2022

The author intends to show that a feasibility study is not the only indicator of an investment or project because a feasibility study is developed based on assumptions and collected data. The more complete and more relevant the collected data, the better qualified the study for management decision-making. On the other hand, if the data is insufficient or irrelevant, the Feasibility study could be misleading information for management decision making. The type of study is usually treated as a Pre-Feasibility Study ("Pre-FS"); therefore, it still needs further development to become a feasibility study. The feasibility study needs certain criteria to be met as guidance for project development. This paper is based on the author's independent research, which still lacks criteria to be classified as a feasibility study, therefore from another perspective, a reader could treat this study only as a Pre-FS. This article intends to present an example of an initiation project prepared with the approach of a study of an investment plan and is accompanied by a follow-up. It does not matter whether the project plan is feasible; what is important here is the benefits of preparing an FS to be input in making further decisions. The author takes a purposive sample of the government's plans to build a Kulon Progo airport in the administrative area of the Special Region of Yogyakarta. Transportation from and to the planned airport is served by various modes, including passenger transportation by train. Moreover, this study specifically discusses the pre-feasibility of investment in passenger transportation by rail based on various assumptions and data obtained at the beginning of planning. Discounted cash flow method (DCF) is used to determine the project's financial feasibility. Based on the simulation, the project is considered not financially feasible. The government can improve the project feasibility by giving some injection (e.g., Passenger Service Obligation, viability gap funding, etc.), but due to research limitations, a further study should be conducted to measure the project's economic benefits. Through the sample project plans analyzed, this article only provides an example of how a feasibility study can guide decision-making on the implementation of a planned project. Maybe the data used is no longer appropriate, but the purpose mentioned above is more for the academic interest of the discipline of knowledge about feasibility studies.
STATISTICAL EVALUATION OF EXCHANGE PERFORMANCE OF BANKS TRADED IN THE SUSTAINABILITY INDEX
Authors: KÖTEN Ayşegül Berrak
Published: January 2022

Good financial values are not sufficient alone for the survival of today’s businesses, which sustain their existence in the global competitive environment. For businesses to continue their activities, the expression of sustainability has come to the forefront, and therefore, the concept of corporate sustainability emerged from social, economic, and environmental obligations. The Sustainability Index is calculated under the umbrella of Borsa Istanbul to ensure that businesses implement their sustainability strategies on economic, environmental, and social issues and inform investors. The purpose of the study was to investigate whether the stock market performance indicators of the six banks which have the right to be traded in the framework of the BIST Sustainability Index for 2013, when they were not included in the index, and for 2020, when they were included, by using the Paired t-test. As a result of the analyses made for this purpose, significant differences were detected for the price/earnings ratio, market value/book value, transaction volume, and cash flow rate variables aside from share price. It was interesting that only the transaction volume increased for banks after they were included in the index. Borsa Istanbul Sustainability Index is considered a new index, and it is considered that the effect of banks on stock values and other performance indicators will turn positive as the index deepens.
New Approach to Accelerated Image Annotation by Leveraging Virtual Reality and Cloud Computing
Authors: Guérinot Corentin , Marcon Valentin , Godard Charlotte , Blanc Thomas , Verdier Hippolyte , Planchon Guillaume , Raimondi Francesca , Boddaert Nathalie , Alonso Mariana , Sailor Kurt , Lledo Pierre-Marie , Hajj Bassam , El Beheiry Mohamed , Masson Jean-Baptiste
Published: January 2022

Three-dimensional imaging is at the core of medical imaging and is becoming a standard in biological research. As a result, there is an increasing need to visualize, analyze and interact with data in a natural three-dimensional context. By combining stereoscopy and motion tracking, commercial virtual reality (VR) headsets provide a solution to this critical visualization challenge by allowing users to view volumetric image stacks in a highly intuitive fashion. While optimizing the visualization and interaction process in VR remains an active topic, one of the most pressing issue is how to utilize VR for annotation and analysis of data. Annotating data is often a required step for training machine learning algorithms. For example, enhancing the ability to annotate complex three-dimensional data in biological research as newly acquired data may come in limited quantities. Similarly, medical data annotation is often time-consuming and requires expert knowledge to identify structures of interest correctly. Moreover, simultaneous data analysis and visualization in VR is computationally demanding. Here, we introduce a new procedure to visualize, interact, annotate and analyze data by combining VR with cloud computing. VR is leveraged to provide natural interactions with volumetric representations of experimental imaging data. In parallel, cloud computing performs costly computations to accelerate the data annotation with minimal input required from the user. We demonstrate multiple proof-of-concept applications of our approach on volumetric fluorescent microscopy images of mouse neurons and tumor or organ annotations in medical images.
Revealing Cavin-2 Gene Function in Lung Based on Multi-Omics Data Analysis Method
Authors: Li Changsheng , Huang Jingyu , Tang Hexiao , Liu Bing , Zhou Xuefeng
Published: January 2022

Research points out that it is particularly important to comprehensively evaluate immune microenvironmental indicators and gene mutation characteristics to select the best treatment plan. Therefore, exploring the relevant genes of pulmonary injury is an important basis for the improvement of survival. In recent years, with the massive production of omics data, a large number of computational methods have been applied in the field of biomedicine. Most of these computational methods are devel-oped for a certain type of diseases or whole diseases. Algorithms that specifically identify genes associated with pulmonary injury have not yet been developed. To fill this gap, we developed a novel method, named AdaRVM, to identify pulmonary injury-related genes in large scale. AdaRVM is the fusion of Adaboost and Relevance Vector Machine (RVM) to achieve fast and high-precision pattern recognition of pulmonary injury genetic mechanism. AdaRVM found that Cavin-2 gene has strong potential to be related to pulmonary injury. As we known, the formation and function of Caveolae are mediated by two family proteins: Caveolin and Cavin. Many studies have explored the role of Caveolin proteins, but people still knew little about Cavin family members. To verify our method and reveal the functions of cavin-2, we integrated six genome-wide association studies (GWAS) data related to lung function traits, four expression Quantitative Trait Loci (eQTL) data, and one methylation Quantitative Trait Loci (mQTL) data by Summary data level Mendelian Randomization (SMR). We found strong relationship between cavin-2 and canonical signaling pathways ERK1/2, AKT, and STAT3 which are all known to be related to lung injury.