bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Parents fine-tune their speech to children’s vocabulary knowledge
Authors: Leung Ashley , Tunkel Alex , Yurovsky Daniel
Published: April 2020

Young children learn language at an incredible rate. While children come prepared with powerful statistical learning mechanisms, the statistics they encounter are also prepared for them: Children learn from caregivers motivated to communicate with them. How precisely do parents tune their speech to their children's individual language knowledge? To answer this question, we asked parent-child pairs (n=41) to play a reference game in which the parent's goal was to guide their child to select a target animal from a set of three. Parents fine-tuned their referring expressions to their children's knowledge at the lexical level, producing more informative references for animals they thought their children did not know. Further, parents learned about their children's knowledge over the course of the game, and tuned their referring expressions accordingly. Child-directed speech may thus support children's learning not because it is uniformly simplified, but because it is tuned to individual children's language development.
SCOPING REVIEW OF MOBILE PHONE APP UPTAKE AND ENGAGEMENT TO INFORM DIGITAL CONTACT TRACING TOOLS FOR COVID-19
Authors: Thorneloe Rachael , Epton Tracy , Fynn Wendy , Daly Michael , Stanulewicz Natalia , Kassianos Angelos , Shorter Gillian W , Moll Sarah-Jane , Campbell Miglena , Sodergren Samantha Claire , Chapman Sarah , Sutherland Lisa , Armitage Chris , Arden Madelynne A , Chater Angel , Byrne-Davis Lucie , Hart Jo
Published: April 2020

BACKGROUNDDigital contact tracing apps have been proposed as a method of controlling the spread of Covid-19. The effectiveness of this tool depends largely on adequate levels of uptake (e.g. whether the user downloads and registers on the application) and engagement (e.g. the extent of usage of the application or its components over time). It has been estimated that approximately 60% of the population would need to use the NHSX application in order for it to be effective in reducing the spread of COVID-19. It is therefore crucial that we understand the level of, and factors influencing, uptake and engagement with digital tracing applications in order to put appropriate measures in place to mitigate those issues.AIMS1.To quantify the current data on COVID-19 digital contact tracing applicationsa.Uptake and engagement of COVID-19 digital contact tracing applicationsb.Examine whether uptake differs between countries c.Identify any predictors or correlates of uptake and engagement2.To conduct two scoping reviews to identify key barriers and facilitators influencing engagement and uptake of a.COVID-19 digital contact tracing applications b.Health behaviour change applications, including government approved applications, from academic literature and behaviour change guidelinesCONCLUSIONS•There is no evidence on the level of uptake and engagement with COVID-19 digital contact tracing applications.•There is a dearth of evidence regarding the barriers and facilitators to uptake and engagement with COVID-19 digital contact tracing applications.•The health behaviour change literature suggests a number of barriers and facilitators associated with uptake and engagement with applications.
Financial well-being, COVID-19, and the financial better-than-average-effect
Authors: Barrafrem Kinga , Västfjäll Daniel , Tinghög Gustav
Published: April 2020

At the onset of the COVID-19 outbreak we conducted a survey (n=1000) regarding how people assess the near future economic situation within their household, nation, and the world. Together with psychological factors related to information processing we link these prospects to financial well-being. We find that, although generally very pessimistic, a substantial proportion of individuals believes that national and global economy will be doing worse than their household, what we call a financial ”better-than-average effect”. Furthermore, we find that private economic outlook and financial ignorance are linked to financial well-being while financial literacy and the (inter)national situation are not.
A pre-registered test of competing theories to explain ego depletion effects using psychophysiological indicators of mental effort
Authors: Gieseler Karolin , Loschelder David D. , Job Veronika , Friese Malte
Published: April 2020

A prominent, hotly debated idea—the ‘ego depletion’ phenomenon—suggests that engaging in effortful, demanding tasks leads to poorer subsequent self-control performance. Several theories seek to explain the emergence of ego depletion effects. The two most prominent ones are the strength model of self-control (Baumeister & Vohs, 2016) and the process model of self-control (Inzlicht & Schmeichel, 2012). Predictions of these models are predominantly identical on the behavioral level. The models’ predictions differ, however, on the level of invested mental effort. The present pre-registered study (N = 179) contrasted these competing predictions combining an established moderator counteracting ego depletion effects (i.e., self-affirmation) and psychophysiological indicators of mental effort (i.e., systolic blood pressure and pre-ejection period). Our data provide moderate evidence for ego-depletion—decrements in self-control performance after a high- versus low-demanding task in the non-affirmed conditions. Self-affirmation had an unexpected effect: Contrary to previous research, self-affirmed participants performed similarly poorly as participants in the high demand+non-affirmed condition. Although this unexpected finding limited the ability to contrast competing model predictions, it points to hitherto unknown effects of self-affirmation on self-control performance. Systolic blood pressure reactivity emerged as a valid indicator of invested mental effort, but the data show no sign of disengagement after a high demanding task predicted by the process (but not the strength) model. We explore systolic blood pressure progression across the sequential task paradigm, suggest a testable account for the effects of self-affirmation on self-control performance, and discuss theoretical implications of the results for the two competing models.
Disadvantaged Group Activists’ Attitudes toward Advantaged Group Allies in Social Movements
Authors: Park Jun Won , Vani Preeti , Saint-Hilaire Sidney , Kraus Michael W.
Published: April 2020

Allyship is a growing phenomenon in many organizational contexts, and the involvement of advantaged group allies in identity-oriented social movements (e.g., men in the feminist movement) is ubiquitous. However, the impression that these advantaged group allies make on their intended beneficiaries is unclear. Over the course of four studies, we explore disadvantaged group activists’ attitudes toward their advantaged group allies. We find converging evidence that disadvantaged group activists prefer advantaged group allies who engage in actions that demonstrate high levels of trustworthiness (e.g., selflessness, loyalty) and low levels of influence (e.g., centrality, power) in the movement, whereas non-activists show only a significant preference on the influence dimension. This evidence was observed in a survey of 117 social movement activists (Study 1), and in three experiments with 752 liberal women and nonbinary individuals (Study 2), 305 feminist social movement activists (Study 3), and a separate sample of 805 feminist social movement activists (Study 4). Taken together, our research documents the causal effects that different allyship behaviors have on beneficiaries’ attitudes toward advantaged group allies (Studies 2, 3, & 4) while recruiting samples of currently engaged movement activists to solicit their unique perspectives (Studies 1, 3, & 4). We thereby identify the specific ways of being an advantaged group ally that elicit the most positive impressions from their intended beneficiaries, which have direct implications for supporting intergroup coalitions and social change.
How the coronavirus crisis affects citizen trust in government institutions and in unknown others – Evidence from “the Swedish Experiment”
Authors: Esaiasson Peter , Sohlberg Jacob , Ghersetti Marina , Johansson Bengt
Published: April 2020

We study how Swedish citizen updated their institutional and interpersonal trust as the corona crisis evolved from an initial phase to an acute phase in the spring of 2020. The study is based on a large web-survey panel with adult Swedes (n = 11,406) in which the same individuals were asked the same set of questions at two different time points during the coronavirus pandemic (t0 and t1). The sample was self-selected but diverse (a smaller subsample, n = 1,464, was pre-stratified to be representative of the Swedish population on key demographics). We find support for that the corona crisis led to higher levels of institutional and interpersonal trust. We find no support for a polarization effect, according to which low-trusting citizens responded more negatively to the deepening crisis than high trusting citizens did.
Inequality in homeschooling during the Corona crisis in the Netherlands. First results from the LISS Panel.
Authors: Bol Thijs
Published: April 2020

The outbreak of the Corona virus has led to unprecedented measures in education. From March 16, all schools in the Netherlands are closed, and children must keep up with their schoolwork from home. Parents are expected to take a crucial role in this “homeschooling”: they are primarily responsible for ensuring that their children follow the curriculum. In this article I report the first results of a module in the LISS Panel that was designed to map how parents school their children in primary and secondary education. Data on a nationally representative sample of 1,318 children in primary and secondary education were gathered in April. The results show marked differences between social groups. Whereas all parents find it important that their children keep up with the schoolwork, children from advantaged backgrounds receive much more parental support and have more resources (e.g., own computer) to study from home. Differences in parental support are driven by the ability to help: parents with a higher education degree feels themselves much capable to help their children with schoolwork than lower educated parents. Parents also report that schools provide more extensive distant schooling for children in the academic track in secondary education (vwo) than for children in the pre-vocational track (vmbo). Finally, there is a clear gender gap: parents feel much more capable to support their daughters than their sons.These initial findings provide clear indications that the school shutdown in the Netherlands is likely to have strong effects on the inequality in educational opportunities.
Crisis, recession and social resilience: a biographical life course analysis
Authors: Gray Jane , Dagg Jenny
Published: April 2020

This article examines social resilience to the economic crisis and recession across three ‘generational cohorts’ of Irish people, using a mixed biographical life course approach. Drawing on narrative interviews and individual lifelines conducted as part of a cross-national European study, we describe and explain how age-differentiated lives and times intersected with ill-timed transitions and patterns of inter-generational relations, leading to variations in resilient future orientations. Our analysis yields three key findings. First, failed expectations for intra-generational social mobility, combined with inter-generational obligations, gave rise to negative future orientations amongst those in mid-life.Second, the crisis created multiple negative life changes that compounded the accumulated costs of poorly timed transitions and adverse experiences within biographies. The effect of this varied by generational cohort, life course stage (with its implications for inter-generational obligations), gender and social class. Third, both life course stage and biographical experience affected peoples’ orientations towards the future, with implications for their resilience.
FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI PENDAPATAN USAHA TANI PADI CIHERANG DI DESA TEBING TINGGI KABUPATEN SERDANG BEDAGAI
Authors: Saragih, M.Sc Faoeza Hafiz
Published: April 2020

Up to now, paddy farmers as farm managers have not received the expected results and income from both the farmers themselves and the government. This study aims to determine the factors that influence rice farming income in Tebing Tinggi Village, Deli Serdang Regency. The reason for choosing this location is because this village is the recipient of seed aid from SLPTT where there are 160 farmers using Ciherang seeds. The number of farmers sampled in this study were 40 farmers and the variables tested were labor costs, phonska fertilizer costs, SP fertilizer costs, KCl fertilizer costs, pesticide costs, land area, urea fertilizer costs, ZA fertilizer costs and seed prices. The results showed that feasibility of farm bussiness has R/C ratio was 3,28 its mean the farm business was feasible labor costs, KCl fertilizer costs and urea fertilizer costs had a significant effect on rice farming income, while other variables had no effect. Fertilizer subsidies and seed assistance are government policies that greatly relieve farmers in financing their farming business so that this policy must continue to be carried out and monitored in its implementation in an effort to increase the income of rice farmers.
“Their pain is our pain”: The lived experience of intimate partners in Veteran recovery from PTSD
Authors: Waddell Elaine , Lawn Sharon , Roberts Louise , Henderson Julie , Venning Anthony , Redpath Paula , Godwin Tiffany Sharp
Published: April 2020

Introduction: Social support, particularly support from an intimate partner, is both a significant protective factor for trauma-exposed Veterans and critical for recovery in mental health, yet we know little about the experiences and support needs of their partners, particularly in the Australian context. This study examined the multidimensional nature of experiences of being an intimate partner of a contemporary Veteran with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Methods: The authors used a qualitative phenomenological approach to conduct an inductive thematic analysis of data collected through individual interviews with a purposive sample of 10 partners of contemporary Veterans living in Australia. Interviewees were recruited through a range of community support organizations. Results: Analysis revealed intimate partners are crucial participants in supporting the recovery journey for traumatized Veterans, effectively managing day-to-day care, encouraging autonomy and instilling hope. However, descriptions highlighted that lack of understanding of partners’ daily lives, and particularly their commitment to maintaining their intimate relationship, by health care providers and government results in a sense of invisibility and is the key barrier to receiving the support they need in order to support recovery in their Veteran partners. Discussion: The findings underscore the importance of recognizing the role of intimate relationships in trauma recovery and of responding to the support needs of intimate partners. In particular, the findings have clear implications for improving the engagement by health care providers of partners of Veterans with PTSD in Veteran clinical treatment. More formal recognition of the indirect impact of PTSD on partners of Veterans is also needed within organizational policies and procedures. Finally, there is clearly a need for continuing education of health care providers, government staff and the general community about the nature of PTSD and its impacts on relationships, particularly the intimate type.
Are the Mental State Verbs Important For Roma Children’s Understanding of False Belief Task
Authors: Kyuchukov Hristo
Published: April 2020

Objectives. The aim of the paper is to analyze the process of acquisition of mental state verbs in Romani and in Bulgarian langauges simultaneously by bilingual Roma children. The mental state verbs help the children to understand the Fals Belief Tasks, which predict the Theory of Mind. The theory of mind from other side is important for understanding the intentions, desires, jokes, motivations of others and what are the factors influencing the development of theory of mind

Research methods and techniques. Two Roma children from Bulgaria (1 boy and 1 girl) aged 1;0 – 3;0 years were audiorecorded longitudinally in their natural home environment. According to M. Taumoepeau and T. Ruffman (2006), the mental state verbs can be grouped in different categories, showing different states: mental states, physical states, emotions, perception and cognition. The acquired verbs are analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively.

Results. The data shows that some mental state verbs are acquired in Romani and others in Bulgarian. The factors influencing the acquisition of part of the verbs in Romani and the other part in Bulgarian are analyzed. Mental state verbs are important for the cognitive development of the children. The results show that the the boy uses 100% Romani mental state verbs: very high number of verbs are related to (1) mental states, e.g.: mangav (want), dehav (love), arakhav (care about), džanav (know); (2) emotions: xavxoli (angry), khanile (feeling bad); (3) physical state, e.g.: dukhal (hurt), rovav (cry); (4) sense, such as: dikh (look). The girl uses 89.0% mental state verbs in Romani and 19.0% in Bulgarian language. The learned verbs by her are related to mental state from Romani: mangav (want), džanav (know), darav (be afraid) and from Bulgarian: obicham (love), znam (know), iskam (want). The other verbs from the field of emotions, physical state and sense are from Romani.

Conclusions. The resreach although limited has shown that sentences with mental state verbs in a combination with a noun phrase in a simple sentence are acquired around the age of 1;6. The more complex sentences with mental state verb and complementizer phrase are acquired around the age of 2;6 years old.
Conceptualization of the Subjective Image of Adulthood in the Semantic Space of a Linguistic Personality
Authors: Tokareva Natalya , Shamne Anzhelika
Published: April 2020

Introduction. The article is devoted to the analysis of the problem of cognitive-semantic modelling of the subjective image of adulthood by schoolchildren of adolescence in modern sociocultural space. The authors proved that the logical-meaningful constructs of the linguistic picture of the world explicate the sociolect of the subjects of speech and form the conceptual space of the mental continuum, which is especially important for rethinking the semantic indicators of a personality formation in the process of growing up. The image of adulthood is interpreted by the authors as the most personalized systemic structure, which reflects the representation of the subjects of linguistic consciousness about the ideal self in the temporal perspective.

Research procedure. The research procedure involved the use of conceptual analysis methods, analysis of vocabulary definitions, content analysis. Based on the results of 4207 text fragments and respondents’ answers study, quantification units of the semantic field of the studied conceptosphere, the core (semantic constant) and the peripheral part (its information-content and interpretation segments) were identified.

Results. Empirically, the characteristics of the conceptual linguization were clarified to indicate the phenomenon of adulthood in the semantic space of the linguistic personality, the psycholinguistic features of the linguistic objectification of the concepts Adult and Becoming an Adult were identified in the consciousness of the subjects of ageing, and trends in the age-related dynamics of the cognitive-semantic nature of the adult concept in the minds of schoolchildren were specified. It has been stated that in the formatting of the subjective image of adulthood by schoolchildren of adolescence, there is a transition from empirical identification and awareness of predominantly «external» attributes of adulthood to a generalization of the internal relevant subsystems for assessing the world, oneself and other people (primarily adults). It is statistically confirmed that the main transformations of the subjective image of adulthood in the semantic space of the linguistic personality occur in adolescence, which should be the object of corrective and preventive interventions in the dynamic context of the psychological support of growing up.

Conclusions. The results obtained substantially complement the materials presented by the scientific community on the trends in the conceptualization of the indicators of modern youth growing up.
Psycholinguistic Peculiarities of the Development of Communicative Competence of Teachers of Secondary Schools
Authors: Ivashkevych Eduard , Prymachok Lyudmyla
Published: April 2020

The purpose of the article is to analyze psycholinguistic peculiarities of the development of communicative competence in the structure of social intelligence of teachers and directors of secondary schools in contemporary Ukrainian society.

Methods of the Research. The following theoretical methods of the research were used to solve the tasks formulated in the article: a categorical method, structural and functional methods, the methods of the analysis, systematization, modeling, generalization. Also we used empirical methods – the methods of observation, conversation, testing with the aim to study the structure of communicative competence and social intelligence of teachers; psychological and pedagogical experiment in a form of the research of the development of the structure of communicative competence and social intelligence of teachers.

The results of the Research. In the content of communicative competence of teachers we can emphasize the ability to optimize interpersonal relationships in the group; social sensitivity; a set of communicative skills, behavior patterns and communication techniques; a communicative potential; the interpretative competence. Teachers with a low level of communication competence have characterized by communicative failures caused by a violation of their orientation onto the process of communication: non-motivated change of speech strategies, mental orientations and the register of speech; failure by the speaker communicate postulates; neglecting by the speaker the linguistic means, which involve the maxim of the tact; unsuccessful choice by the speaker the tone and the register of communication. Scripts of role deixis, explicit and implicit pragmatic constituents in the structure of teacher’s communicative competence were formulated, their content was revealed.

Conclusions. Psycholinguistic peculiarities of the development of communicative competence of the teachers and the directors of schools were established: the composite assessment of the teacher’s communicative competence positively correlates with social intelligence, reflexive and empathic personal abilities; communicative competence of the teacher depends on the actualization of scripts of role deixis, explicit and implicit pragmatic constituents in its structure, etc.
Inclusão de soro de leite na dieta de leitões na fase pré-desmama e creche
Authors: De Souza Oliveira Emanuel , Cerqueira de Oliveira Allan , Sobral Félix Roberto , Pereira Franklin Neto Daniel , Santos de Jesus Ronaldo , Rodrigues de Nascimento Guilherme
Published: April 2020

The objective of the experiment was to evaluate the performance and economic evaluation of the use of whey in the piglet diet during nursery. The study took place in the swine sector of the Federal Institute of Bahia-Campus Santa Inês using 16 Large White piglets. It was divided into two phases, the first in the maternity with two treatments in the period pre-weaning. In this period was offered whey with feed (ration) a proportion of 50/50 for one litter (T1) and for the other treatment only natural breastfeeding (T2), without whey with duration of one week before weaning. In the second phase, experimental phase, the piglets were housed and distributed in four treatments in the nursery following the randomized block design (DBC) method, through four treatments with two repetitions each. The first phase T1 litter was distributed in four stalls where the whey was offered with 30% whey and 70% ration feed forming two repetitions with whey (ST1R1 and ST1R2) and two only with feed (RT1R1 and RT1R2). The first phase T2 litter was also distributed in four stalls with the same methodology followed for T1, with two repetitions adding 30% whey in the diet (ST2R1 and ST2R2) and two only with feed (RT2R1 and RT2R2). The data obtained were submitted to analysis of variance and 4x2 interactions, with significant differences between the means compared by Tukey test at 5% probability. According to the statistical analysis, there was a difference (P 0.05) was observed between treatments. The economic evaluation proved to be viable, that is, despite not maximizing the performance results, the inclusion of 30% whey in the nursery phase piglet diet can be a great alternative to save on feed cost and give an appropriate disposal option for this by-product to dairy products.
Criptococose felina: relato de caso
Authors: Damiani Julia , Flores Teixeira Amanda , Pereira dos Santos Daniel , Gonçalves da Silva Valente Lívia , Orbem Veronezi Luciane , Valente de Souza Guilherme
Published: April 2020

Cryptococcosis is a systemic mycosis of cosmopolitan distribution caused by a fungus of the genus Cryptococcus, which mainly affects felines. Although considered in cats, it is described as rare. A male feline SRD was treated at the Unibave Veterinary Hospital - HVU with a history of respiratory distress, ulcerated nodule and deformity in the nasal dorsum, presenting with bloody sero discharge. Cryptococcosis was diagnosed by anamnesis, clinical and cytological examination with the observation of agent Cryptoccoccus neoformans. Itraconazole therapy was established for six months, with complete regression of the condition and no reaction to the drug used. The objective of this study was to report a case of feline cryptococcosis in which the therapy employed was successful.
Perfil sociodemográfico da leishmaniose tegumentar americana em Almenara – Minas Gerais
Authors: De souza Carla Giselly , Nascimento Ednardo de Souza , Coelho Viviane Amaral Toledo , Pereira Mônica Cecília Santana
Published: April 2020

Objective: To characterize the socio-demographic profile of the ATL in the municipality of Almenara - MG between 2016-2018, considering official notification data provided by the municipal surveillance sector. Methodology: a theoretical study based on bibliographic research from 2001 to 2016, concurrently with a practical study conducted in the city of Almenara - MG, from data analysis for the years 2016-2018. Results: When analyzing the occurrences as a whole, we can verify that in total 48 cases of the disease were registered. Where, the highest prevalence of cases occurred in rural areas, with 77.08% of notifications. Schooling draws attention because of the 48 cases recorded, 97.92% were either illiterate or had incomplete or ignored elementary school. In the present study, 77.08% of the reported cases were male patients. There are no reports in the literature indicating the relevance of these data. Conclusions: Being difficult to diagnose, leishmaniasis can be confused with other skin diseases, thus delaying the initiation of treatment and aggravating the disease. The data analyzed are worrying, because each year explored there was a considerable growth of the disease, where men were more affected than women, the higher prevalence occurred in rural areas and low education had a very relevant number.
Epidemiologia da esquistossomose em uma área de baixa prevalência de Alagoas entre 2010 e 2016
Authors: Santos Israel , Araújo Maria Pereira de , Santo Carlos Miguel Azarias dos , Gomes Dharliton Soares , Cirilo Tatyane Martins , Bezerra Letícia Pereira , Lima Pedro Dantas , Machado João Paulo Vieira , Ramos Rosália Ellen Santos , Gomes Sheilla da Conceição , Alencar Vitória Jordana Bezerra , Silva Glória Isabel Lisboa da , Damasceno Ivisson Abreu , Silva Laryssa Oliveira , Silva da Paz Wandklebson , Santos Israel Gomes de Amorim
Published: April 2020

Schistosomiasis mansoni is a parasitic disease very associated with social, economic, cultural and political factors, and the state of Alagoas is one of Brazil's most endemic states for parasitosis. Thus, this article aims to present the epidemiological profile of schistosomiasis in municipalities of the 7th health region of Alagoas for the period from 2010 to 2016. This is a descriptive and quantitative research that was performed from the data obtained by Information System of the Schistosomiasis Control Program (SISPCE) and System of Notification of Diseases of Information (SINAN) of the Unified Health System (SUS). All municipalities in the studied region have a positivity ranging between 0.25% and 13.03%, which characterizes them as low prevalence municipalities. As for the positivity, only one municipality presented in any period of the study a moderate infection intensity. All municipalities in the study area reported severe cases of the disease in SINAN during the study period. Two species of epidemiologically important snails were recorded in two cities of the health region under study, B. glabrata and B. straminea, and only the animals of the first species were found positive for Schistosoma mansoni infection. Thus, the data from the present study show that the 7th health region of Alagoas presents schistosomiasis as a relevant public health problem, which requires that measures to contain the disease to improve the quality of life of the population of this region.
Inquérito epidemiológico sobre a leishmaniose visceral canina no Município de Itapevi: relato do primeiro inquérito sorológico
Authors: Pasanisi Catia
Published: April 2020

A risk area investigation for canine visceral leishmaniasis was carried out in the municipality of Itapevi, São Paulo. A total of 104 dogs distributed in 30 residences, being performed blood collection, rapid test and serology for canine visceral leishmaniasis, performed the parasitological examination of lymph node aspirate in the serum reactive animals. Seroprevalence was 15.38% (16/104) including the two index cases used as indicative to delimit the area of the serological survey.
Farmacodermia em uma cadela após a administração de prometazina: relato de caso
Authors: Mastrocinque Alessandra
Published: April 2020

The objective of the present study was to report the occurrence of pharmacodermia in a female, non-bred bitch approximately 4 years after subcutaneous administration of promethazine hydrochloride at the recommended dose of 0.2 mg/kg. Still, describe the main aspects of lesions, its treatment and prognosis, as it is a rare condition in dogs and cats.
Multiscalar moral economy
Authors: Salverda Tijo
Published: April 2020

This article addresses the relevance of the moral economy concept in light of unequal socioeconomic relations between a European agribusiness and rural residents in Zambia. It argues that the moral economy concept offers a helpful heuristic device for analyzing how relationships are constituted, negotiated, and contested among interdependent actors with “opposing” socioeconomic interests. To explain the dynamics of their relationships, however, the moral economy concept has to extend beyond its usual, spatially restricted (i.e., local) focus. Instead, “external,” distant, non-local actors, such as foreign critics concerned about “land grabbing,” also influence the local character of moral-economic exchanges between the agribusiness and rural residents. Hence, the article proposes a multiscalar perspective to account for the influence of a wider array of actors.
PSYCHOLOGICAL DISTRESS EXPERIENCES OF NIGERIANS AMID COVID-19 PANDEMIC
Authors: Olaseni Abayomi Oladele , Oguntayo Rotimi , Agberotimi Samson Femi , Akinsola Olusola Stella
Published: April 2020

This study examined the psychological distress experience of Nigerians amid COVID-19 pandemic. From March 20, 2020 to April 12, 2020, this descriptive survey used asnowballing sampling technique to select 502-Nigerian with an online semi-structuredquestionnaire containing Impact of Event Scale-Revised, GAD-7, Patient HealthQuestionnaire and Insomnia Severity Index. Gender had insignificant difference in thelevel of insomnia (χ2=04.93; df=3; p>0.05), however, 20.8% of males had subthresholdof insomnia, 8.2% experienced moderate insomnia and 5.9% had severeinsomnia; 32% females reported sub-threshold of insomnia, 12.4% had moderateinsomnia while, 3.6% had severe insomnia. Also, gender had insignificant difference inthe measures of depression (χ2=01.94; df=4; p>0.05); 55.4% males reported minimaldepression, 22.3% had mild depression, 11.9% had moderate depression; 6.7% to3.7% males had moderately to severe depression while, 49.3% of the females hadminimal depression, 26.7% reported mild depression, 14.29% had moderatedepression, 4.4% to 5.3% had moderately to severe depressive symptoms.Posttraumatic Stress Symptoms (PTSS) has no gender difference among respondents(χ2=02.51; df =3; p>0.05); 23% of males reported partial PTSS, 17.5% presentedclinical PTSS, and 21.6% males had severe PTSS; while 29.3% of females had severePTSS, 24% reported partial PTSS and 18.7% had clinical PTSS. Respondentsreported insignificant gender difference on anxiety (χ2=0.08; df=1; p>0.05), while 51%reported moderate anxiety and 49% exhibited severe anxiety during COVID-19pandemic in Nigeria. Findings revealed that Nigerians experienced psychologicaldistress during COVID-19 pandemic. Government and stakeholders in health sectorsshould provide psychological health services for the residents in Nigeria.
Pengaruh Perilaku Individu terhadap Semangat Kerja Karyawan pada Perusahaan Daerah Air Minum Tirta Bumi Wibawa Kota Sukabumi
Authors: Indriani Nur Fitri , Mulia Z Faizal , Komariah Kokom
Published: April 2020

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh perilaku individu terhadap semangat kerja karyawan di Perusahaan Daerah Air Minum (PDAM) Tirta Bumi Wibawa Kota Sukabumi. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode kuantitatif dengan analisis regresi linear sederhana sebagai teknik analisis data dan menggunakan teknik sampling jenuh. Dengan jumlah reponden sebanyak 66 orang yaitu dengan survei pada Perusahaan Daerah Air Minum (PDAM) Tirta Bumi Wibawa Kota Sukabumi. Hasil penelitian yang menunjukkan bahwa perilaku individu berpengaruh terhadap semangat kerja karyawan. Total pengaruhnya sebesar 75,7% Sedangkan sisanya sebesar 24,3% dipengaruhi oleh variabel yang tidak diteliti dalam penelitian ini.

Kata Kunci ; Perilaku Individu, Semangat Kerja
Lecithin–cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT) activity is lower in patients with type 2 diabetes in the presence of metabolic syndrome
Authors: Nakhjavani Manouchehr , Rajab Armin , Rabizadeh Soghra , Bitaraf Masoume , Ghanei Azam , Esteghamati Alireza , Mirmiranpour Hossein
Published: April 2020

Backgrounds: Metabolic syndrome can facilitate the development of diabetes mellitus and has gained a negative reputation for its adverse effects on the general health of the population and its tendency to increase the risk of cardiovascular diseases. Cardiovascular complications may be mediated by the alteration of certain enzyme activities and pathways. Lecithin-Cholesterol Acyltransferase (LCAT) may have a potential role in the prevention of atherosclerosis as a rate-limiting enzyme in reverse cholesterol transport. In this study, LCAT activity was compared among patients with type 2 diabetes in the presence or absence of metabolic syndrome.Methods: In the present study, 55 patients with type 2 diabetes with metabolic syndrome (DM+MS group), 25 patients with type 2 diabetes without metabolic syndrome (DM-MS group),  and a control group of 43 subjects without type 2 diabetes (HC group) were compared based on their anthropometric parameters, lipid profiles, glycemic indices, and LCAT activity.Results: LCAT activity was lower among participants of the DM+MS group (70.22±7.88) in comparison with the both HC group (89.51±3.59) and the DM-MS group (76.73±7.25) (respectively P<0.001, P=0.021). There was no significant difference in the fasting blood glucose levels, as evidenced by the HbA1c and HOMA-IR measurements between the DM+MS group and the DM-MS group. BMI was significantly higher in the DM+MS group compared to the DM-MS group (P=0.031). In patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and metabolic syndrome, there was a negative correlation between LCAT activity and BMI (r=-0.275, P=0.048). There was also a negative correlation between LCAT activity and HbA1c in the DM-MS group (r=-0.606, P=0.008) and the DM+MS group (r=-0.421, P=0.002).Conclusion: LCAT activity was lower among patients with type 2 diabetes compared to subjects without type 2 diabetes and it had a greater reduction in the presence of metabolic syndrome. LCAT activity also had a negative correlation with BMI in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and metabolic syndrome compared to patients with type 2 diabetes that did not have metabolic syndrome.Keywords: Lecithin-Cholesterol Acyltransferase (LCAT), Metabolic syndrome, Diabetes mellitus, type 2, BMI
Transgênicos: a ciência do lucro monocultural
Authors: Da Rosa Ferreira Maria Paula , Mariano da Rocha Barcellos Terra Rosane Beatris , Streit Carraro Guilherme
Published: April 2020

Em uma era de mercantilização da natureza, percebe-se a utilização de artimanhas para satisfazerem a destruição de culturas tradicionais e sustentáveis e, por sua vez, justificarem os métodos exploratórios da ciência do lucro, principalmente quando referente ao cultivo monocultual transgênico. Toda destruição da natureza é acompanhada por destruições culturais. Assim, intentou-se, nesta produção, se desconstruir o dogma da infalibilidade da ciência monocultural transgênica e promover a conscientização de uma realidade onde critérios de qualidade estão sendo substituídos por critérios de produtividade e quantidade. Buscou-se, dessa forma, demonstrar a necessidade de se pensar em uma cultura da vida. Aplicou-se o método de abordagem dedutivo, método de procedimento monográfico e teoria de base sistêmico complexa com fundamento em Capra e Morin.
Can CFD Analysis Help PEM Fuel Cell Design and Operation?
Authors: Al-Baghdadi Maher
Published: April 2020

Polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) fuel cell system is an advanced power system for the future that is sustainable, clean and environmental friendly. PEM fuel cells are growing in importance as sources of sustainable energy and will doubtless form part of the changing program of energy resources in the future. PEM fuel cells are still undergoing intense development, and the combination of new and optimized materials, improved product development, novel architectures, more efficient transport processes, and design optimization and integration are expected to lead to major gains in performance, efficiency, reliability, manufacturability and cost-effectiveness.
The difficult experimental environment of PEM fuel cell systems has stimulated efforts to develop models that could simulate and predict multi-dimensional coupled transport of reactants, heat and charged species using computational fluid dynamic (CFD) technology. The strength of the CFD numerical approach is in providing detailed insight into the various transport mechanisms and their interaction, and in the possibility of performing parameters sensitivity analyses. The results of CFD analyses are relevant in: conceptual studies of new designs, detailed product development, troubleshooting, and redesign. CFD analysis complements testing and experimentation, by reduces the total effort required in the experiment design and data acquisition. Relevant case studies and recent progress in CFD techniques used in PEM fuel cell development have been presented and analyzed. The CFD models are shown to be able to provide a computer-aided tool for design and optimize future PEM fuel cell with much higher power density, long cell life, and lower cost.
浅谈建筑施工中暖通空调系统的质量控制
Authors: 周 孟益 , 楼 宇峰
Published: April 2020

暖通空调的应用越来越广泛,但是安装和施工过程更加复杂,施工不确定,并且在安装过程中经常出现各种质量问题。只有发现问题并使用正确的药物,我们才能减少甚至避免该问题。
超微粉末涂料的发展现状及趋势
Authors: 王 宏伟 , 林 柏仲 , 朱 浩鹏 , 赵 连成 , 赵 丽
Published: April 2020

目前国内市售涂料按照分散介质可分为溶剂型涂料、水性涂料、粉末涂料三大类产品。其中,粉末涂料具有环保、经济高效和节能等优点得到了快速发展,但粉末涂料存在着涂层太厚和涂层表面不齐整等缺点,易造成涂层脱落,原材浪费等问题。超微粉末涂料其质量分布平均、粉体粒度较小,具有优良的体积效应和表面效应,可以进行有效的涂层涂抹,且兼具良好的抗腐蚀性。
关于21世纪初叶大拆大建行为的反思
Authors: 杨 源源
Published: April 2020

在21世纪初叶,为了带动地方经济的发展,推动现代化建设的进程,不少城镇出现了大拆大建的行为,在经过十几年的发展,发现这种行为给城市带来巨大经济效益的同时,也引发了诸多的社会问题。本文通过对地区“大拆大建”后的环境、生态、文化、经济等方面状况进行分析总结,发现“大拆大建”带来的积极作用普遍是暂时的,更多的是大量资源的浪费,城市传统风貌被破坏,城市病蔓延等负面结果。
建筑工程施工技术及现场施工管理分析
Authors: 林 翠玲
Published: April 2020

建筑产业是我国社会经济发展的支柱产业,施工技术的发展,对建筑产业的影响颇大,施工技术是否先进,不但关系到施工企业的市场竞争力,而且对建筑工程施工质量也有较大影响。基于此,本文结合理论实践,在简要阐述建筑工程常用施工技术的基础上,分析了现场施工管理的措施,希望对我国建筑工程事业稳健发展有一定参考。
刍议项目管理在土木工程建筑施工中的应用
Authors: 潘 奇军
Published: April 2020

随着社会的发展,我国的土木工程的发展也日新月异。构建专业管理团体,加强项目管理有助于构建专业的土木工程施工管理团体,进下明确土木工程施工管理的具体任务,找出土木工程施工管理的具体要求和指向,达到提高土木工程管理的科学化水平,进一提高土木工程项目的整体质量。
精细化管理在建筑工程施工管理中的应用分析
Authors: 滕 芳勤
Published: April 2020

建筑工程施工质量关乎人民群众的生命财产安全,只有施工质量有所保障,人民群众才能获得最佳的居住体验效果。在建筑工程施工管理中,采用精细化管理方法可以提升施工效率和工程质量,需要制定周密的施工方案,完善安全管理措施,并且加强对建筑材料的管理。此外,还要加强成本控制和财务核算,这样才会取得更大的经济效益,实现行业的健康发展。
Pelapisan Kitosan Cangkang Bekicot (Achatina fulica F) Pada Cabai Merah (Capsicum annum L.) Sebagai Pengawet Alami
Authors: Umarudin Umarudin , Surahmaida Surahmaida , Irawan Mochammad Sulton Aziz , Amalia Anisa Rizki
Published: April 2020

Cangkang bekicot mengandung kitosan sebesar 64% yang memiliki sifat sebagai antimikroba yang dapat digunakan sebagai pengawet alami pada cabai merah. Cabai merah mudah membusuk selama 2-3 hari penyimpanan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh sifat fisik cabai merah seperti bau, warna dan bobot susut yang telah dilapisi kitosan cangkang bekicot, dan untuk mengetahui berapa lama masa simpan cabai merah dengan menggunakan kitosan cangkang bekicot. Metode penelitian dengan menggunakan true eksperimental. Kitosan dilakukan dengan empat tahapan yaitu deproteinasi, demineralisasi, depigmentasi dan deasetilasi. Pelapisan kitosan pada cabai merah dilakukan dengan konsentrasi 500 ppm, 600 ppm, 700 ppm dan kontrol tanpa kitosan cangkang bekicot selama 15 menit. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa cabai merah yang diberi kitosan cangkang bekicot dapat memperlama umur simpan yaitu pada konsentrasi 700 ppm selama 33 hari dengan bobot susut sebesar 90,61%, 600 ppm selama 29 hari dengan bobot susut sebesar 88,52%, 500 ppm selama 27 hari dengan bobot susut sebesar 88,64% dan kontrol selama 19 hari dengan bobot susut sebesar 88,64%. Konsentrasi 700 ppm memiliki lama umur simpan paling lama yang dilihat dari warna dan aroma.
ANALISA PEMBELIAN BARANG UNDERPRICED SEBAGI BENTUK KESALAHAN DELIK PENADAHAN: TINJAUAN YURIDIS YURISPRUDENSI MAHKAMAH AGUNG NOMOR 2/YUR/PID/2018
Authors: Salim Vina Putri , Ningrum Tsamara Probo , Pratama Risma Cahya Yudita , Fadilah Nur
Published: April 2020

The purpose of this article is to find out the application of Supreme Court Jurisprudence Number 2 / Yur / Pid / 2018 which provides legal rules related to underpriced purchases as the fulfillment of the element "should be suspected that it was obtained from criminal offenses" in the offense. This research is legal research with a statutory approach and conceptual approach. The research results obtained are the application of the new legal rules in the Supreme Court Jurisprudence Number 2 / Yur / Pid / 2018 to the element of negligence in the offense delimitation in Article 480 of the Criminal Code. are required by law and do not exercise caution as required by law which is an element of negligence. In the element of not making guesses as required by law, it is related to the inner attitude of society in general, wherein movable objects the authorities are considered as the owner and society, in general, cannot know the market price of each movable object. This is different from immovable objects, where the authorities are not always the owners, where ownership is generally based on certificates so that the general public can know the price of the immovable object. In its development, registered and unregistered objects were born, whereas, in registered objects, the general public could find out the price of these registered objects, because ownership of these registered objects could be known publicly. About not taking the precautions required by law, which must be seen whether there is a behavior of the defendant to take preventive measures related to the origin of the goods, where when the buyer/seller has taken precautionary measures, it can be said that the buyer/seller has done the duty to be careful so that it cannot be said that negligence has occurred.
PERBANDINGAN STRATEGI BELAJAR AKTIF TIPE JOEPARDY REVIEV DENGAN TIPE HOLLYWOOD SQUARES REVIEW DENGAN PENDEKATAN VISUAL THINKING TERHADAP PEMAHAMAN KONSEP MATEMATIKA
Authors: Indriani Ria , Syafe'i Imam , Andriani Siska
Published: April 2020

This study aims to compare the Active Learning Type Type Joepardy Reviev with the Type of Hollywood Squares Review with a Visual Thinking Approach to the ability to understand the mathematical concepts of students. This type of research is quantitative research. Data collection techniques used are essay tests, questionnaires and interviews. The data analysis technique used is hypothesis testing using 2 way ANAVA. Based on the results of the study, there were differences in the ability to understand the mathematical concepts of students by using the active learning type Jeopardy Review and Hollywood Squares Review strategies using the Visual Thinking approach. The Hollywood Squares Review active learning strategy with the Visual Thinking approach provides a better influence on students' ability to understand mathematical concepts. This can be seen from the average value of the mathematics concept comprehension test results of the experimental class 2 students using the Hollywood Squares Review type active learning strategy with Visual Thinking approach of 78,346 higher than the experimental class 1 using the Jeopardy Review type active learning strategy with the Visual Thinking approach is 77,500. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membandingkan Strategi Belajar Aktif Tipe Joepardy Reviev Dengan Tipe Hollywood Squares Review Dengan Pendekatan Visual Thinking terhadap kemampuan pemahaman konsep matematis peserta didik. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif. Tehnik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah tes essay, angket dan wawancara. Tehnik analisis data yang digunakan adalah uji hipotesis dengan menggunakan anava 2 jalan. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diperoleh terdapat perbedaan kemampuan pemahaman konsep matematika peserta didik dengan menggunakan strategi pembelajaran aktif tipe Jeopardy Review dan Hollywood Squares Review dengan pendekatan Visual Thinking. Strategi pembelajaran aktif tipe Hollywood Squares Review dengan pendekatan Visual Thinking memberikan pengaruh yang lebih baik terhadap kemampuan pemahaman konsep matematika peserta didik. Hal ini terlihat dari nilai rata-rata hasil tes kemampuan pemahaman konsep matematika peserta didik kelas eksperimen 2 yang menggunakan strategi pembelajaran aktif tipe Hollywood Squares Review dengan pendekatan Visual Thinking sebesar 78,346 lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan kelas eksperimen 1 yang menggunakan strategi pebelajaran aktif tipe Jeopardy Review dengan pendekatan Visual Thinking sebesar 77,500.