bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Survey of Bovine Practitioners to Determine Factors Associated with Acute Bloat Syndrome in Pre-Weaned Dairy Heifers
Authors: Midla L. T. , Shoemaker D. E. , Rajala-Schultz P.
Published: February 2023

Acute bloat syndrome (ABS) -also known as abomasal bloat syndrome; perhaps better termed acute forestomach dilatation syndrome- is an emerging problem in dairy calves. The disease syndrome affects young calves that are generally healthy prior to the onset of clinical signs and is characterized by abdominal distension and death within 6 to 24 hours. Some calves will apparently respond to therapy if they receive immediate and aggressive intervention, although it is not clear that clinical improvement is necessarily a result of the therapy. ABS has been identified primarily in well managed herds but that may simply reflect a tendency for managers of those herds to be more aggressive at pursuing the problem diagnostically. Many herds have had calf losses due to ABS. In order to further clarify the syndrome and in hopes of identifying promising avenues for further research, members of the American Association of Bovine Practitioners were asked about their experience with ABS.
Environmental Distribution of Mycobacterium avium ssp. paratuberculosis on Cow-Calf Farms with Clinical Johne's Disease in Western Canada
Authors: Douma D. , Campbell J. , Hendrick S.
Published: February 2023

Johne's disease, caused by Mycobacterium avium ssp. paratuberculosis (Map), is a progressive and debilitating disease of cattle. The main modes of transmission include direct contact with infectious manure or through exposure through colostrum. Calves from cow-calf herds cannot be isolated immediately after birth and so control efforts must reduce exposure to the bacteria from the environment. Environmental contamination on cow-calf farms is important to understand because if not adequately dealt with, disease control may not be achieved. Environmental testing could also reduce the cost of a herd test if it could replace animal testing in control programs. This study improves the understanding of environmental contamination of Map in cow-calf herds.
Isolation of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis From Recycled Sand
Authors: Gehrke J. , Carpenter R. , Grooms D. L.
Published: February 2023

Johne's disease (JD), caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP), is a chronic untreatable disease of ruminants. It primarily affects the intestinal tract resulting in chronic diarrhea and weight loss. JD is transmitted to young stock through the ingestion of colostrum, milk or feedstuffs contaminated with MAP or through exposure to MAP contaminated environments. Many dairy farms use sand as a bedding material and new technology has been developed to recycle sand and reuse it. In some instances, recycled sand may be used for bedding of replacement heifers that are most susceptible to infection with MAP. This study was conducted to determine if MAP could be found in recycled sand, thus serving as a source of environmental exposure to susceptible animals.'
Impact of Days on Feed at BRD Identification on Animal Health and Performance Outcomes
Authors: Babcock Abram , White Brad , Renter David
Published: February 2023

Bovine Respiratory Disease (BRD) is the most common and economically detrimental disease of cattle during the post-weaning phase. Very little published information is available describing differences in subsequent performance based on the day when an animal is first identified and treated for BRD. The objective of this research is to determine whether animal performance and health outcomes are associated with when the animal was treated for respiratory disease.
Effect of Ascorbic Acid on Hematology, Serum Biochemistry and Health of Dairy Calves
Authors: Seifi H. A. , Mohri M. , Delaramy M.
Published: February 2023

Results showed that ascorbic acid supplementation at first 3 weeks of age has no significant effects on calf health and hematological and biochemical parameters. It is highly likely that significant results would be obtained in colostrum-deprived calves or in stressful conditions.
Impact of Neck Chain Length on the Behavior of Dairy Cows in Tie-Stalls
Authors: Higginson J. , Millman S. T. , Ogilvie G. , Kelton D. F.
Published: February 2023

The majority of dairy cows in Ontario are housed in tie-stall barns, with tremendous variability in stall characteristics and dimensions among farms. An observational study conducted by our research group on 317 farms in 2003 identified several key stall characteristics as being associated with lameness, injury and cow cleanliness. Specifically, increased length of tie chain was associated with increased cow cleanliness and a decrease in hock lesions. To further investigate the importance of neck chain length, a pilot study was conducted to examine the behaviour of dairy cows in stalls with two different chain lengths and to determine if cows would exhibit a behavioral preference for increased chain length.
Novel Vaccine Reduces Prevalence and Shedding of Escherichia coli 0157:H7 in Cattle
Authors: Thornton A. B. , Thomson D. U. , Loneragan G. H. , Burkhardt D. , Fox J. T. , Nagaraja T. G.
Published: February 2023

Escherichia coli O157:H7 is a food-borne pathogen that causes severe hemorrhagic colitis and hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) in humans. The gastrointestinal tract of cattle is the main reservoir for E. coli O157:H7, making cattle feces a possible direct and indirect source of exposure for humans. According to the CDC, shiga-toxin producing E.coli 0157 causes an estimated 73,000 illnesses annually in the United States, resulting in over 2,000 hospitalizations and 60 deaths (Frenzen et. al, 2005). Interventions used to reduce shedding of this microorganism will lower contamination of the environment. A recently developed vaccine that targets Gram-negative bacteria's ability to acquire iron may be a practical intervention strategy for reducing the prevalence of this pathogenic microorganism. Therefore, the purpose of the study was to evaluate the efficacy of a vaccine containing outer membrane siderophore receptor and porin (SRP) proteins in reducing fecal prevalence and shedding of E. coli O157:H7 in cattle.
Long Term Recurrence of Digital Dermatitis after Treatment with Lincomycin HCl on a Commercial Dairy
Authors: Nuccitelli B. , Berry S. L.
Published: February 2023

The results of this study demonstrate that control of DD needs to be continuously monitored.
Effect of Season, Walking Surface and Sire Identification on Thin Soles in Dairy Cattle
Authors: Van Amstel S. R. , Shearer J. K. , Palin F. L. , Rogers G. W. , Cooper J. B. , Cooper C. C.
Published: February 2023

Thin soles have become a major economic problem in large total confinement dairies in the United States. The cause appears to be multifactorial and relates to factors that result in an increase in sole horn wear. Factors such as the distance cows have to walk on concrete to be milked, poor cow comfort, claw horn moisture content and horn quality, heat stress and overtrimming have been implicated. The purpose of this study was to: a) investigate the incidence of thin soles over a period of 12 months from two herds in relation to month of year b) determine the incidence of thin soles in first lactation cows in Herd 1 for the 9 months prior and 9 months following installation of rubber on walk ways and c) determine any sire effect on thin soles for first lactation cows in Herd 1.
Efficacy of Extended Therapy of Staphylococcus aureus with Intramammary Cefuroxime
Authors: Shelgren J. Spatz , McDougall S. , Parker K.
Published: February 2023

Staphyloccocus aureus is a major pathogen causing intramammary infection in dairy cattle. Antibiotic therapy of S. aureus during lactation results in cure rates of between 4 and 92%. The cure rate is influenced by age of cow, stage of lactation, SCC, duration of infection, front vs. rear glands, number of quarters, bacterial colony counts and resistance to penicillin. Increasing the duration of therapy increases the cure rate. For example, bacteriological cure rates of S. aureus of 6%, 56% and 86% were achieved following 0, 2 or 8 intramammary treatments with the lincosamide pirlimycin. The current study aimed to assess the efficacy of extended therapy of S. aureus with the second generation cephalosporin, cefuroxime.
2016
Authors: Belschner A. , Galligan D. , Gunther R. , Truumees T. , Shen F.
Published: February 2023

For the U.S. dairy industry, everything but the cow has changed - and with genetic engineering, even the cow is changing. The industry is seeing shifts in its' processes, technologies and business models. A variety of forces including new technologies, consolidation, consumer shifts and globalization are clearly transforming the industry, but how will these forces unfold? And what are the implications for different players in the industry, from producers to veterinarians, and the universities that prepare them, to pharmaceutical companies? This report, based on interviews with industry experts, broader surveys and research, and a workshop with diverse industry representatives, is designed to shed light on these questions by using a process called scenario planning.
Mycoplasma spp. Mastitis in Weaned Dairy Heifers
Authors: Schneider C. S. , Stebbins J. C. D. , Muller F. J. , Fox L.
Published: February 2023

Mycoplasma spp. bacteria have been implicated in a variety of disease conditions in cattle including mastitis, bronchopneumonia and otitis media. The overall annual impact of this etiologic agent on U.S beef and dairy industries has been estimated to be as high as $100 million. Clinical disease in dairy calves by Mycoplasma spp. is well known, but the role of calves as asymptomatic carriers has not been as well described.
Pharmacokinetic - Pharmacodynamic Modeling of Analgesic Drugs in Beef Cattle
Authors: Coetzee Hans , Apley Mike
Published: February 2023

Bovine castration is performed on approximately 15 million cattle in the United States annually. Surgical castration with a scalpel followed by testicular removal using manual twisting (cattle< 90 kg) or an emasculator (cattle >90 kg) are the most common methods of castration performed in the USA. A survey of US veterinarians found that one in five practitioners report using analgesics or a local anesthetic at the time of castration. However, these drugs have not been formally approved by the FDA for pain relief. Validated methods of pain assessment are required in order to determine if analgesic drugs are efficacious. Potential pain assessment methods include plasma cortisol determination, plasma Substance P determination, accelerometers, thermography, chute exit speed, heart rate determination and electrodermal activity measurements. Studies have shown that a combination of butorphanol (0.01 - 0.025 mg/kg); xylazine (0.02 - 0.05 mg/kg) and ketamine (0.04 - 0.1 mg/kg) can mitigate these responses. Research is underway to further characterize the activity of analgesic drugs administered prior to castration.
Where are we with Pain Recognition and Management in Cattle?
Authors: Whay Helen R. , Hudson Chris , Huxley Jon N.
Published: February 2023

Pain is both a sensory and emotional experience, and while no absolute insight into an animal's pain experience is possible, studies of physiology, behavior and responsiveness to analgesia all indicate that animals, including cattle, are likely to sense pain in similar ways to humans.7 While there has been considerable research into both pain recognition and management in cattle, practical application of this knowledge on-farm has not progressed as rapidly. Failure to acknowledge and manage pain is likely to lead to slower healing, decreased productivity and compromised animal welfare. Recognition of pain is a key determinant of whether pain management is likely to be implemented. A survey examining analgesia use by UK veterinary practitioners4 revealed that respondents who assigned lower pain scores to a range of procedures and conditions seen in cattle were less likely to give analgesia.
Hiring High Quality Dairy Farm Workers
Authors: Erven Bernard L.
Published: February 2023

Dairy managers face a major challenge in finding and keeping quality employees. Finding the quality employees is absolutely necessary if profitability, growth and excellence goals are to be reached. Finding employees can become an urgent or even a critical problem threatening the future of the business.

No simple or even complex recipe guarantees hiring success. Luck is not the answer. The employer who seems lucky in always finding high quality people rarely is in fact lucky. Instead, such producers are depending on carefully made plans and a reputation as an excellent employer that has been patiently built. The answer lies in each employer developing a plan for filling positions.
Effective Labor Training
Authors: Thomas Mark J.
Published: February 2023

The need for effective labor training and management continues to grow as dairies become larger and as the operators of smaller dairies seek more free time away from the farm. Dairy veterinarians are logical facilitators of this process, although they often lack formal training as educators. Other challenges, such as language barriers and literacy levels among dairy employees, can make implementation of training programs a challenge. Within this role, veterinarians also serve as liaisons between management and employees. Serving as an on-farm educator and facilitator can be very rewarding for the practitioner and can create significant positive returns for the dairy.
Basic Mastitis Microbiology for Veterinary Technicians
Authors: Gorden Patrick J. , Timms Leo L.
Published: February 2023

Mastitis culturing programs provide a wealth of information to dairy farms for their milk quality control and treatment programs. Labs providing this information can be in-house at veterinary clinics or on-farm. Laboratories must have established protocols for collecting and handling proper samples, identifying bacterial isolates, reporting results and quality control. Veterinary technicians can be integral in the setting up and day-to-day operation of these labs, both in-house and on-farm.
Case Report
Authors: Rollin E. , Nickerson S. C. , Ensley D. T. , Berghaus R. T.
Published: February 2023

The cause of an epidemic of mastitis is still undetermined, but it is hypothesized by the authors that the mastitis was an opportunistic invasion of mammary glands that were hypersecretory due to high levels of phytoestrogens in the feed.
Estimation of Kautz Poles in Wiener-Volterra Models Using Levenberg-Marquardt Algorithm
Authors: Serafin Higor de Souza , Oroski Elder , Lazzaretti André Eugênio
Published: February 2023

This work approaches the problem of estimating the Kautz optimal poles in kernel expansion in Wiener-Volterra models. The analytical solution for the suboptimal case is already established in the literature. However, the solution for the two parameters that compose the poles is still open. In this paper, an optimization strategy using the Levenberg-Marquardt is presented. This algorithm is used to find kernel expansion parameters, with the same base for all dimensions. The construction of bases using digital filter is considered. To validate the implemented algorithm, data collected from the excitation of an electrically coupled drive system was used to analyze the impact of the search space thresholds and the behavior of Levenberg-Marquardt’s parameters. It was also analyzed the impact on the model accuracy, as the number of functions in the base is increased. As a result, the models determined have achieved better results than the works found in the literature.
A Hybrid Meta-Heuristic Approach for Optimal Meter Allocation in Electric Power Distribution Systems
Authors: Almeida Thales Schuabb , Braga Lucas Eduardo Silva , Oliveira Leonardo Willer , Oliveira Edimar Jose , Souza Julio Cesar Stacchini
Published: February 2023

The number of nodes present in Electric Power Distribution Systems (EPDS) is a complicating factor for carrying out the State Estimation (SE) and the choice of allocation of available meters affects the quality of observability obtained by the SE. Thus, it is necessary to use optimization methods that evaluate the positions of meters in the system that can contribute to an optimal SE. Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) can perform SE, processing the information obtained by the available meters in an agile way. Meta-heuristics techniques apply to the optimal allocation problem but can be slow processing. Thus, the work seeks to evaluate the potential of a hybrid method that associates the meta-heuristic technique, Artificial Immune System (AIS), with ANNs for evaluating several allocation options in an agile way to find an optimal solution for the allocation of meters.
Fuzzy Control of a High-Performance Boost Converter in Discontinuous Conduction Mode and its Application to a Photovoltaic Pumping System
Authors: Sousa Igor Rocha , Medeiros Cláudio Marques de Sá , Barreto Guilherme de Alencar
Published: February 2023

In this work, a fuzzy voltage controller design of a 1 kW high-gain, high-efficiency direct current converter operating in discontinuous conduction mode is developed. In this condition, the design of a conventional controller is more challenging. This converter is part of an autonomous photovoltaic pumping system without batteries consisting of four photovoltaic modules, a variable frequency inverter and an induction motor coupled to a pump. The boost converter is responsible for the voltage elevation of photovoltaic modules to a 311V direct current bus, which must not have oscillations for a good operation of an algorithm to track the maximum power point of the modules. The fuzzy controller was implemented in a digital signal processor device to control the boost converter, producing a response with an overshoot of 5.78%, settling time of 3.8s and zero error in steady state.
Transmission Line Fault Location Using MFCC and LS-SVR
Authors: Castelo Branco Hermes Manoel Galvão , Reis James Blayne Oliveira , Pereira Luan M. M. , Sá Lucas da Costa , Rabelo Ricardo de Andrade Lira
Published: February 2023

The location of Transmission Line (TL) Faults is a major problem in Electrical Power Systems (EPSs), since precisely identifying the point of occurrence of a fault in a TL it is possible to perform a faster restoration of the operation to the desired normal conditions. In this work we used a Least-Squares Support Vector Regression (LS-SVR) to locate faults in a TL with inputs provided by MFCC (Mel-Frequency Cepstral Coefficients) obtained from voltage signals during the fault. A modelled line based on parameters of a real line was used, with a total of 4008 fault situations being simulated on this Transmission Line. It is important to point out that MFCC are not used in applications involving EPS’s, and, according to the bibliographic research conducted by the team so far, no application of this feature extraction tool has been detected for the TL fault location problem. 3006 faults were used to train the model with cross-validation by the k-fold method, and 1002 faults were used for testing. The proposed methodology presented a good performance in the tests carried out, with a mean relative error of 0.000419 ±0.000640% when models are trained and tested with noiseless voltage signals. For models trained with voltage signals that present SNR ranging from 100 dB to 25 dB, the relative mean error ranged from 0.00334 ±0.00459%, in the first case, to 0.030580±0.043160% in the last.
Growth, grain yield, and water productivity of different rice varieties in response to irrigation management techniques
Authors: Zabihpour Roushan Mojtaba , Bagheri Ali , Asadi Reza , Akbari Nodehi Davod , Shirdel Shahmiri Fazl
Published: February 2023

The higher water consumption in the flooding irrigation system has challenged rice cultivation. Applying irrigation management techniques that help to save water and increase water productivity is necessary to deal with water shortage. We evaluated the growth, yield, water consumption, and water productivity responses in rice genotypes to irrigation management techniques. The experiment was arranged in a split-plot design with three replications at the Rice Research Institute of Iran, Mazandaran. The treatments were four rice varieties (Toloo, Tarom, Tisa, and Shiroudi) as main plots and six irrigation methods (continuous flooding irrigation (CFI) from transplanting to 20 days after 50% flowering (I1), CFI from transplanting to 15 days after 50% flowering (I2), CFI from transplanting to 10 days after 50% flowering (I3), CFI from transplanting to 5 days after 50% flowering (I4), CFI from transplanting to flowering stage (I5), and alternate wetting and drying (AWD) irrigation from transplanting to 20 days after 50% flowering (I6)) as sub-plots. The results showed that the Toloo genotype had the highest grain yield, lowest water consumption, and greatest water productivity compared with other studied genotypes. The I6 treatment with a slight reduction in yield (6% yield loss) was able to increase water-saving by 17.3%.
La historia del concepto simulación y su uso en ambientes educativos para el aprendizaje del sector salud
Authors: Piedrahita-Mejía Joan Camilo , Cardona-Cano Robinsson
Published: February 2023

La simulación como estrategia didáctica tiene el potencial para generar competencias en habilidades no técnicas, que mejoran el conocimiento técnico y la atención clínica en salud mientras disminuye el error médico al simular la realidad y preparar con antelación los escenarios académicos donde los estudiantes aprenderán a trabajar en equipo, liderar, tomar decisiones bajo presión, comunicar asertivamente los tratamientos y condiciones del paciente al personal de salud y la familia.
Valoración del índice de discapacidad vocal y de perturbación vocal integrado en docentes
Authors: Ortega-Palacios Andrea , Sastoque-Hernández María Esperanza
Published: February 2023

Identificar la presencia de disfonía ocupacional (DO) con base en el índice de discapacidad vocal (VHI) y el índice de perturbación vocal integrado (IPI) en un grupo de docentes de la ciudad de Cali. Se realizó un estudio descriptivo de corte transversal entre enero y febrero 2019. Todos los participantes completaron el cuestionario VHI y fueron sometidos a un análisis acústico de la voz para estimar el IPI. Se analizó la información de 30 docentes, de los cuales 22 eran mujeres, el 80% (24) tenían una edad mayor de 45 años. Por medio del VHI, se identificó que todos los docentes experimentaban algún grado de discapacidad vocal con una mediana de 41,5 puntos (rango intercuartílico: 33,7 a 65,7), mientras que con IPI el 40% (12) tenían valores anormales (IPI 2). No se encontró una relación entre las puntuaciones del VHI y los valores del IPI (p>0,05). Los hallazgos de este estudio resaltan el alto riesgo de DO entre los docentes a causa de su ejercicio profesional, por lo que es imprescindible generar un programa nacional de detección temprana del riesgo vocal que incluya actividades de promoción y prevención.
El rol preventivo en Enfermería
Authors: Cortina-Navarro Carolina , Oviedo-Cordoba Haidy , Rosado-Ferreira Singri
Published: February 2023

El ser humano desde hace mucho tiempo se ha preocupado por garantizar su salud a largo plazo, teniendo como foco la perpetuidad de su especie. Para ello, ha procurado en todo momento la organización de tareas vitales que aseguren su buen vivir; tales labores son: alimentación, protección a la intemperie, movilidad, defensa de sus territorios y de agentes externos que puedan propiciar la aparición de enfermedades. Otro aspecto inherente al ser humano, por el que ha procurado es el del cuidado, el cual se ha visto condicionado por la organización social y los valores imperativos de cada época y lugar.
Evolutionary History of Oncogenes and Tumor Suppressor Genes
Families: The Ancestral Origin in Mammals and Duplication Patterns
Authors: Nawaz Yasir , Zaib Khan Ali , Tanvir Fouzia , Ambreen Sadaf , Zafar Javaria , Umar Asma , Majeed Imran , Tariq Hamna
Published: February 2023

Background:

Cancer is a condition that involves the irregular progression of cells with the
capacity to enter and move to other portions of the body. Peto’s paradox shows there is no relation between
large body size and cancer risk.

Objectives:

To assess the phylogenetic analysis of oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes of breast cancer.

Methods:

Data was collected from the ensemble genome browser and NCBI. A BLAST search was done,
and FASTA sequences were collected. MEGA X version 5 software was used for phylogenetic analysis.
Alignment was made by Clustal W, and two trees were constructed as a neighbor-joining tree and maximum
likelihood trees as vertical and circular. The accuracy was confirmed by the bootstrap method (at
500 pseudoreplicates).

Results:

The results show that there were 9 copies of the tp53 gene in elephants are present due to which
elephants have less chance of getting cancer. This proves that Peto’s paradox is true. The evolutionary
study of genes set, present on the FGFR-bearing chromosomes, i.e., Hsa1 to Hsa4, Hsa6 to Has 9, Hsa11
to Hsa14, Hsa17, Hsa18, Hsa21, Hsa22, and HsaX. The phylogenetic trees of 10 gene families, including
4 genes from tumor suppressor genes and 6 genes from oncogenes, were generated with vertebrate sequences.

Conclusion:

Higher animals have less chance to develop cancer because of huge body mass and longevity
and increased number of genes in their body. Different oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes are associated
with different species. All genes have two or more paralogues except BRCA, CHECK, MEN,
NUP, and SUFU genes.
Statin Associated Muscular Adverse Effects
Authors: Kammoun Rania , Charfi Ons , Lakhoua Ghozlane , Zaiem Ahmed , Daghfous Riadh , Kastalli Sarrah , Aouinti Imen , Aidli Sihem El
Published: February 2023

Background:

Statins are widely used in the treatment of hyperlipidemia and in the prevention
of cardiovascular diseases. However, they may induce muscular adverse effects that range
from asymptomatic elevation of creatine kinase to life threatening rhabdomyolysis.

Objective:

The aim of the study was to describe epidemiological and clinical characteristics of
patients with muscular adverse effects.

Methods:

We conducted a retrospective and descriptive study over a ten-year period from January
2010 to December 2019. We included all cases of statin associated muscular adverse effects notified
to the Tunisian National Centre of Pharmacovigilance during this period.

Results:

The study involved 22 muscular adverse effects related to statins (28% of all adverse
events reported with statins during this period). Patient’s mean age was 58.7 years and the sex ratio
was 1.6. There were 12 cases of isolated creatine kinase elevation, 5 cases of myalgia, 3 cases of
myopathy, one case of myositis and one case of rhabdomyolysis. Muscular adverse effects occurred
7 days to 15 years after starting this drug. In all cases, the statin was withdrawn after muscular
adverse effects and resolution of symptoms was observed within 10 days to 18 months. In seven
cases, creatine kinase persisted elevated for 18 months. Involved statins were atorvastatin, simvastatin,
rosuvastatin and fluvastatin.

Conclusion:

Early recognition of muscle symptoms is required to prevent rhabdomyolysis. Further
researchare needed to completely elucidate the pathophysiology of statin-induced muscular adverse
effects.
Mechanical Performance Analysis of Hydrostatic Thrust Bearing under Microbevel Parameters
Authors: Zhang Yanqin , Tao Jianting , Ni Shiqian , Zhao Rong
Published: February 2023

Background:

Heavy-duty hydrostatic bearings of the original parallel friction pair are
prone to hydrostatic loss problems during operation.

Aims:

The aim is to solve the problem of lubrication failure, the original hydrostatic oil pad was
designed as a micro-inclined plane, and the dynamic pressure caused by the micro-wedge of the oil
pad at a higher speed was used to compensate for the static pressure loss of the bearing.

Objective:

This study aims at a new type of q1-205 micro bevel double rectangular cavity hydrostatic bearing.

Methods:

The mathematical model of oil film theoretical analysis of hydrostatic bearing with the
micro-inclined surface was established, including the flow equation of a double rectangular cavity
with a micro-inclined surface and static and dynamic bearing capacity equation.

Results:

In this paper, the mechanical properties of oil film with tilt height between 0 and 0.1mm
were simulated with variable viscosity, and the distribution law of pressure field under different
working conditions was obtained. Through the experimental study, the pressure data of parallel flat
pads and tilting pads under different working conditions are measured and compared with the simulation
data.

Conclusion:

The pressure loss value of the Δh ≈ 70μm oil pad designed in this paper is relatively
small under extreme working conditions. The overall loss rate is about 10% ~ 20%, and the dynamic
pressure compensation rate is about 16%. The dynamic pressure generated by the slight inclination
Angle can well compensate for the static pressure loss.
Peptides for Dual Targeting of ErbB1 and ErbB2: Blocking EGFR Cell
Signaling Transduction Pathways for Cancer Chemotherapy
Authors: Patnaik Sunil Kumar , Swaroop Akey Krishna , Nagarjuna Palathoti , Nanjan Moola Joghee , Chandrasekar Moola Joghee Nanjan
Published: February 2023

Cancer is one of the most deadly diseases involving dysregulated cell proliferation. Chemotherapeutic drugs have serious drawbacks of nonspecific
toxicity and drug resistance. Tyrosine kinases are a significant class of enzymes of protein kinases. The four members of the trans-membrane
family of tyrosine kinase receptors known as the human epidermal growth factor receptors (EGFR), ErbB1/HER1, ErbB2/HER2/neu,
ErbB3/HER3, and ErbB4/HER4, are overexpressed in many forms of cancer. These receptors are crucial for cell division, invasion, metastasis,
angiogenesis, and uncontrolled activation of cancer cells. In this context, an attractive combination of anticancer drug targets is ErbB1 and ErbB2.
Numerous cancer types exhibit overexpression of ErbB1 and ErbB2, which is linked to poor prognosis and causes resistance to ErbB1-targeted
therapy. Further, it has been reported in recent years that the use of peptides as anticancer agents have the potential to circumvent the drawbacks of
the currently used chemotherapeutic drugs. Among them, short peptides have several advantages when compared to small molecules. The present
report reviews the importance of tyrosine kinases as targets for cancer, the role of peptides as therapeutic agents, and the investigations that have
been carried out by earlier workers for targeting both ErbB1 and ErbB2 using therapeutic peptides.
Nanotechnology Trends in Food Processing and Food Packaging
Authors: Undugoda Lanka , Jayaweera Yohan , Sandaruwan Chanaka , Priyadarshana Gayan
Published: February 2023

Food is a basic need of every living being in the world. Food production and demand do not match well in many countries due to social, technical, and technological factors. Therefore, food industries need to be developed beyond their limits. The introduction of nanotechnology to the food industry can expand the capabilities in terms of food processing and preservation aspects directly. Furthermore, nanotechnology facilitates better thermal stability, better solubility, food security, preservation capabilities, and novel and high bioavailability foods. It is a nanometer-scale technology that operates with materials having a size range of 1-100 nanometers. This review focuses on the recent approaches to nanotechnology in the food industries. For instance, enhancement of bioavailability of food using nanoencapsulation, nano emulsification, and nanoprecipitation, nanomaterials in food packaging applications such as active packaging, improved packaging, smart packaging, antimicrobial properties of different nanomaterials, application of nanotechnology on food pathogen detection, safety issues, and future trends are the key components of this review. Recent studies and research have shown the positive results of nanotechnology and proven their importance and possibilities in contributing to the food sector. However, there are some safety concerns about nanotechnology-related applications. Therefore, lots of research are conducted on the potential risk of nanoparticles on essential organs such as the brain, liver, kidney, epididymis, testis, ovary, and uterus-like organs. Moreover, the safety issues of nanotechnology on human health, such as DNA damage, oxidative stress, cell shrinkage, cytoplasmic density increment, and apoptotic body appearance, have been reported due to some nanoparticles, including silver, titanium, and zinc oxide.
Validated RP-HPLC Method for Estimation of Chrysin in Bulk Form and
Nanostructured Lipid Carriers for Topical Application
Authors: Wadhwa Sheetu , Parveen Shaik Rahana , Singh Sachin Kumar , Kapoor Bhupinder , Rani Pooja , Vishwas Sukriti
Published: February 2023

Background:

Chrysin, a flavonoid, occurs naturally in plants and possesses many pharmacological
actions, but there is a lack of suitable analytical methods for its estimation.

Objective:

To develop a simple analytical method and validate it for the estimation of chrysin using
reverse phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC).

Methods:

Isocratic elution was carried out in methanol and 0.1% v/v formic acid in a 70:30 ratio using a
C-18 reverse-phase column. The flow rate was set to 1 mL min-1 and the detection wavelength at 268 nm.
As per ICH Q2 (R1) guidelines, the developed method was validated in terms of accuracy, precision,
system suitability, and robustness.

Results:

The retention time of Chrysin was found at 10.269 min. In the concentration range of 2-10
μg/mL, the developed method was linear with a regression coefficient (R2) value of 0.998. The mean
percentage recovery of chrysin was found within 95-105% at all three levels, which confirms that the
developed method was accurate. Moreover, the % RSD was found to be less than 2% confirming that the
developed method was precise. The limit of detection and limit of quantification were found to be 0.071
and 0.217 μg/mL. Moreover, the validated method was robust with no significant changes in response to
variation in flow rate, mobile phase composition, wavelength, and different lots of columns.

Conclusion:

It was concluded that the developed method has passed all validation tests and was successfully
applied to estimate the presence of Chrysin in bulk as well as in pharmaceutical formulations.
Recent Advances in Polymer-supported Proline-derived Catalysts for
Asymmetric Reactions
Authors: Shajahan Rubina , Sarang Rithwik , Ramakrishnan Roopak , Saithalavi Anas
Published: February 2023

The last two decades have witnessed tremendous growth in organocatalysis, especially using
proline and related catalysts in a wide range of organic processes. Along with this, the heterogenization of
organocatalysts over suitable support systems also emerged as an effective approach for addressing some
of the major drawbacks associated with classical organocatalysts. Polymer-immobilized catalysts, in particular,
are extremely stable under reaction conditions with excellent recyclability and reusability. Moreover,
this approach offers green chemistry standards and is, thereby, supportive of large-scale industrial
manufacturing processes. This article summarises the developments using polymer immobilized prolinederived
systems as efficient organocatalysts for various asymmetric transformations in Aldol, Michael,
Mannich, cyclization reactions, etc.
Pengembangan Lab Sheet Praktikum Geomatika II untuk Program Studi S1 PTSP FT UNY
Authors: Marva Felia
Published: February 2023

The aims of this study were to: (1) develop a lab sheet as a material to support the learning process in the Geomatics II Practicum subject in the Civil Engineering and Planning Department, Yogyakarta State University and (2) determine the feasibility of the lab sheet in the Geomatics II Practicum subject in the Civil Engineering department. and Planning of Yogyakarta State University.The method used in this research is Research and Development Research and Development (RD). The model used is 4D Thiagarajan, namely: (1) Define, (2) Design, (3) Develop, (4) and Disseminate. The lab sheet feasibility test is carried out by material and media expert validators. Lab sheet development trials were conducted on 42 students as respondents. Data collection in this study used a questionnaire with a Likert scale of 1-5 while the data analysis technique was quantitative descriptive analysis by looking for the average price.Based on the results of the research, the Geomatics II practicum lab sheet received a feasibility score of 95% from the material expert validator in the "Very Eligible" category, the feasibility value of the media expert validator was 79% in the "Eligible" category, and student respondents scored 91% in the " Very Worthy". This shows that the Geomatics II Practicum lab sheet is feasible to be used as teaching material in the Geomatics II Practicum course.
Electron Diffraction Study of the Temperature --- Time Dependences of Crystallization of Nano thick amorphous CuIn-=SUB=-5-=/SUB=-Te-=SUB=-8-=/SUB=- Films Sublimated Under Normal Conditions and under the Action of an External Electric Field
Authors: Dashdamirova G. E.
Published: February 2023

Kinematic electron diffraction was used to study the crystallization processes of amorphous CuIn5Te8 films obtained under normal conditions and under the influence of an external electric field with a strength of 500 V · cm-1. Isothermal curves of phase transitions are examined and the kinetic parameters of phase transformations are determined: the dimensions of crystal growth and of activation energies are established. It is shown that during the crystallization of amorphous CuIn5Te8 films, the rates of nucleation and their further growth follow the Arrhenius relations. Keywords: electronographic structural analysis, thin films, crystallization isotherms, activation energy.
Changes in the electronic properties of the GaN/Si(111) surface under Li adsorption
Authors: Timoshnev S. N.  , Benemanskaya G. V.  , Mizerov A. M.  , Sobolev M. S.  , Enns Y. B.
Published: February 2023

The electronic structure of the epitaxial GaN/Si(111) layers and the Li/GaN/Si(111) interface with a monolayer Li coverage has been studied in situ under ultrahigh vacuum conditions. The experiments were carried out using photoelectron spectroscopy with synchrotron radiation in the photon energy range 75-850 eV. The photoemission spectra in the valence band and the core levels of Ga 3d, N 1s, and Li 1s are studied for the monolayer Li coating. It is found that Li adsorption causes a significant decrease in the intensity of the photoemission line of the intrinsic surface state and the appearance of an induced surface state due to charge transfer between the adsorbed Li layer and surface Ga atoms. It has been found that the GaN/Si(111) surface has predominantly Ga polarity. The Li/GaN/Si(111) interface has a semiconductor character. Keywords: III-nitrides, electronic structure, metal-GaN interface, photoelectron spectroscopy.
Polarization-spectral dependences of three-photon interband absorption of light and linear-circular dichroism in semiconductors with cubic symmetry
Authors: Rasulov V.R.  , Rasulov R.Ya.  , Eshboltaev I.M.  , Qo’chqorov M.X.
Published: February 2023

The polarization and frequency-polarization dependences of the linear-circular dichroism and light absorption coefficients in semiconductors of cubic symmetry, caused by vertical three-photon optical transitions between the states of the spin-orbit splitting and conduction bands, are calculated in narrow-gap semiconductors in the Kane model. Keywords: initial, virtual and final states, interband three--photon absorption of light, Kane's approximation.
Obtaining anisotypic heterostructures for a GaSb-based photovoltaic converter due to solid-phase substitution reactions
Authors: Gagis G. S.  , Kuchinskii V. I.  , Kazantsev D. Yu.  , Ber B. Ya.  , Tokarev M. V.  , Khvostikov V. P.  , Nakhimovich M. V.  , Vlasov A. S.  , Vasil’ev V. I.
Published: February 2023

The possibility of manufacturing photovoltaic converter structures due to solid-phase reactions of substitution of Sb atoms in GaSb semiconductor wafers with As or P atoms, with simultaneous diffusion of Zn, is demonstrated. Keywords: Solid-phase substitution reactions, photovoltaic converters, widegap window, p-n-junction, doping.
Fabrication of nanoscale multimolecular structures of lanthanum stearate using Langmuir monolayers for laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry
Authors: Gorbunov A. Yu.  , Podolskaya E. P.
Published: February 2023

Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) from the surface of nanosized multimolecular structures based on lanthanum stearate monolayers (FLa) has been studied. The presence of FLa on the surface of MALDI target was confirmed experimentally by laser desorption of lanthanum-containing organic ions. MALDI target functionalization with FLa is shown to significantly increase the yield of target peptide ions, with the optimum being achieved at a film thickness of about 6 monolayers. An approach is proposed in a "lab-on-a-plate" format, which allows specific extraction of peptides modified with chlorine-containing compounds and includes the following steps: functionalization of the target surface, metal affinity extraction, matrix deposition and MALDI mass spectrometric analysis. Keywords: mass spectrometry, matrix assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI), surface, Langmuir monolayers, metal affinity chromatography.
Mechanism of tribo-induced structure modification for nanocomposite Mo-S-C-H thin film coatings
Authors: Fominski V.Yu.  , Demin M.V.  , Fominski D.V.  , Gritskevich M.D.  , Goikhman A.Yu.
Published: February 2023

Comparative studies of the tribological properties of solid lubricant coatings of three main types (MoS2, a-C(H)) and Mo-S-C-H in an inert gas medium have been carried out. It has been established that the coefficient of friction for the Mo-S-C-H nanocomposite coating is somewhat higher than for the other two. And its wear resistance is comparable to a-C(H) and higher than that of MoS2. The friction coefficient of the Mo-S-C-H coating was determined by the nature of tribo-induced surface modification. It included the formation of a nanofilm with a thickness of 6 nm and layered atomic packing characteristic of the MoS2 phase and graphitization of the a-C(H) nanophase, which was accumulated in wear debris. Keywords: nanocomposites, molybdenum disulfide, amorphous carbon, solid lubricant coatings, tribological properties.
Determination of the thicknesses and depths of subsurface nanostructures using a scanning electron microscope
Authors: Rau E. I.  , Zaitsev S. V.  , Karaulov V. Yu.
Published: February 2023

The calculated ratios of the signal of backscattered electrons for multilayer nanostructures are derived depending on the energy of probing electrons and composition of multicomponent samples. From experimentally measured signals and calculated ratios, not only thicknesses but also, for the first time, depths of occurrence of local microheterogeneities of three-dimensional nanostructures were determined. The studies were carried out by a non-destructive method of detecting backscattered electrons in a scanning electron microscope. Keywords: multilayer nanostructures, scanning electron microscopy.
The temperature dependence of the electrical characteristics of natural pyrite FeS-=SUB=-2-=/SUB=- with the p-type conductivity in the temperature range of 295-635 K
Authors: Stepanov N.P.  , Grabko G.I.
Published: February 2023

The results of the investigation of samples of natural hole-type pyrite FeS2 are presented. The regularities of variations in their electrical properties with increasing temperature in the mode of uniform heating to 635 K are established. The results obtained are analyzed in terms of the dependence of the charge carriers diffusion intensity on temperature and material characteristics. Keywords: pyrite, non-uniform doping distribution, temperature dependence of conductivity, thermal EMF, diffusion and drift currents.
Different modes of three coupled generators capable of demonstrating quasiperiodic oscillations
Authors: Kuznetsov A.P.  , Sedova Yu.V.  , Stankevich N.V.
Published: February 2023

The dynamics of three coupled generators capable of demonstrating autonomous quasiperiodic oscillations is considered. The complex structure of Lyapunov charts of the system revealing invariant tori of different (high) dimensions, quasiperiodic bifurcations, Arnold resonance web, and other features is discussed. There was revealed the possibility of four-frequency tori in case of individual subsystems that exhibit the limit cycle mode. Keywords: generator, quasi-periodic oscillations, invariant tori, Lyapunov exponents.
Methanol Synthesis Catalyst Waste as the Principal Component of New Sustainable Cementless Concrete
Authors: Mymrin Vsévolod , Alarcon Reinaldo H. G. , Guidolin Marilia A. , Alekseev Kirill , Hultmann Rogerio J. , Klitzke Walderson , Carvalho Karina Q. , Passig Fernando H. , Haminiuk Charles W.I. , Catai Rodrigo E.
Published: February 2023

Methanol synthesis catalyst (MSC) waste was applied as the principal component (till 70 wt.%) of sustainable ceramics in composites with bauxite processing waste (RM), and waste foundry sand (FS). The results of the initial components' chemical interaction studies by a complex of methods (XRD, SEM/EDS/mapping, AAS and LAMMA) during heating demonstrated the synthesis of amorphous glasslike new formation, their filling of pores and compaction of the ceramic’s structure. In this case, a strong chemical and mechanical binding of all heavy metals and other hazardous elements of the initial industrial waste occurs with their transfer to an insoluble in an acidic environment. The materials with the highest MSC contents have the highest axial resistance values ill 25.98 MPa after firing at 1050°C.
Review of the Nutritional Status in Older Adult Population
Authors: Latorre Jose Antonio , Abellan Cristobal , Lopez-Moro Alejandro , Gimenez-Blasi Nuria , Conde-Pipo Javier , Mariscal-Arcas Miguel
Published: February 2023

The leading causes of death in older adults involve nutritional risk factors, heart disease, cancer, stroke and diabetes. Prevalence of lifestyle diseases, older adults consider themselves in good, very good or excellent health. Older adults want to remain independent and not burden others; they believe proper nutrition and sufficient exercise will help them maintain their autonomy and independence. To describe the diet, nutrition and general health status of the older adult population in Spain and their adherence to the traditional MD. A bibliographic search was performed in the following databases: PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar for original research articles, clinical trials, and observational studies published in the last 10 yrs. The articles were selected using filters and eligibility criteria. Many articles were found, and through applying the selection criteria, 21 articles were chosen for a full review. Older adults present a multitude of pathologies that are treated with drugs that with the help of an optimal diet would promote a better quality of life. Cognitive deterioration leads older adults to suffer a great loss of quality of life and must be alleviated in the best way possible. Most people meet dietary needs, but high body mass indexes are obtained. MD is a reference and a technique put into practice by this part of the population that is developed in most of life and helps them to have better aging.
Contexto de cadena ñame
Authors: Zambrano Muñoz Adriana del Pilar
Published: February 2023

En esta ficha de contexto se mencionan los aspectos importantes de la cadena de ñame enfocados a su marco productivo, regional, económico, comercio internacional, así como sus perspectivas y tendencias frente al mercado, dando a conocer su entorno de Ciencia y Tecnología e Innovación.