bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Positive Effect of Bimodal Release Ondansetron in Irritable Bowel Syndrome With Diarrhea: Relevance of Low-Grade Inflammation?
Authors: Melchior Chloé , Simrén Magnus
Published: October 2020

There is a clear unmet need for new treatments in irritable bowel syndrome with diarrhea (IBS-D). Ondansetron, an old 5-hydroxy-tryptamine3 antagonist, used for chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting and with favorable side effect profile, has shown promising results in previous trials. In this issue, efficacy with a novel bimodal release ondansetron formulation was presented in IBS-D. The bimodal release ondansetron improved stool consistency, presumably by slowing transit time, and tended to improve other IBS symptoms as well. The authors proposed C-reactive protein levels as a tool to select responders because a better response was seen in patients with slightly elevated C-reactive protein levels. Future large-scale studies will determine the role of bimodal release ondansetron in IBS-D with and without low-grade inflammation.
"To Be Reckoned in the Gross": Corporate Storytelling and Quantified Selves in Joshua Ferris's Then We Came to the End
Authors: Mueller Stefanie
Published: October 2020

In ihrem Beitrag untersucht Stefanie Mueller die Quantified Selves der Kreativwirtschaft, wie sie Joshua Ferris in seinem Roman »Then We Came to the End« (2007) darstellt. Dabei untersucht sie konkret, wie der Roman die Erfahrung der Quantifizierbarkeit erzählt - also jener Erfahrung der Charaktere, ökonomisch, sozial und auch narrativ in Zahlen übersetzt und als solche behandelt zu werden. In dieser Hinsicht bettet der Aufsatz die Untersuchung auch in die neuere Forschung zum sogenannten »corporate storytelling« sowie zu Wir-Erzählungen in fiktionalen und faktualen Texten ein. Mueller kommt zu dem Schluss, dass Literatur zwar prinzipiell ein Ort alternativer Wissensformen und Gegenmodelle in der Ära der Quantified Selves sein kann; dass Ferris' Roman mit seinem Gegenentwurf letztlich jedoch nur eine nostalgische Rückwendung zu älteren Formen des Kapitalismus anbietet.
Chapter 9: From the Hyper-ghetto to Statesubsidised Urban Sprawl
Authors: Kienast Gerhard
Published: October 2020

Gerhard Kienast questions the practice of emergency resettlement and redevelopment in Duncan Village (Buffalo City, South Africa), an emblematic inner-city neighbourhood whose inhabitants defied forced removals during the apartheid era, but have remained very deprived and vulnerable to shack fires and floods. The paper shows how disaster risk, geotechnical assumptions and infrastructural constraints have justified a new project of massive relocation to peripheral areas that have an eerie resemblance and are close to former apartheid townships. Based on interviews with politicians, municipal officials, consultants, housing contractors as well as shack dwellers; the analysis of plans, budgets and parliamentary hearings; aerial photographs; newspaper articles; and site visits, the paper argues that the relocation that has taken place has created new vulnerabilities without doing away with those it was supposed to overcome.
Zukünftige Generationen als Leerstelle der Demokratie
Authors: Reder Michael , Tamoudi Nejma , Faets Simon
Published: October 2020

Michael Reder, Nejma Tamoudi und Simon Faets widmen sich in ihrem Überblicksartikel den normativen Grundlagen der Debatte um intergenerationelle Gerechtigkeit sowie deren politikphilosophischen Implikationen. Ziel ist es, einen Querschnitt der gegenwärtigen Debatte zur Repräsentation zukünftiger Generationen vorzulegen und dabei insbesondere die verschiedenen demokratietheoretischen (liberal, radikal, pragmatistisch) und menschenrechtspolitischen Aspekte zu berücksichtigen. Darüber hinaus werden mit dem Bildungsbegriff und dem Utopischen zwei neue Aspekte in den Diskurs eingeführt.
Praktische Ideen und Vorschläge für nachhaltige Strukturen in einer demokratischen Mitsprachegesellschaft
Authors: Einsiedel Stefan
Published: October 2020

Stefan Einsiedel geht in seinem Beitrag der Frage nach, wie neue Mitsprache- und Anreizstrukturen und Institutionen, die zu einer nachhaltigeren Wirtschafts- und Gesellschaftsordnung beitragen sollen, konkret aussehen könnten. Die Praktische Philosophie, so argumentiert Einsiedel, kann wesentlich dazu beitragen, diese neuen Institutionen zunächst einmal »denkbar« zu machen; sie kann die Debatte über Wesen, Ziele und Wege der Nachhaltigkeit strukturieren, sowie zur notwendigen Diskurs- und Konsensfähigkeit beitragen. Ausgehend von theoretischen Überlegungen, die an John Rawls' Theorie der Gerechtigkeit anknüpfen, entwickelt der Autor eine Reihe konkreter Beispiele für mögliche Verbesserungen innerhalb einer demokratischen Mitsprachegesellschaft: (A) eine auf mehr Nachhaltigkeit ausgerichtete Ertüchtigung bestehender Institutionen und Strukturen, (B) Verbesserung der Anreizsteuerung, sowie (C) neue Institutionen, wie z.B. die Einrichtung von Zukunftskammern oder einer CO2-Zentralbank.
Zugehörigkeiten und Esskultur
Authors: Flack Anna
Published: October 2020

In der sich zunehmend diversifizierenden deutschen Gesellschaft ist es von besonderer gesellschaftspolitischer Relevanz sich zu vergegenwärtigen, dass Migrierte nicht nur aus Herkunft, Ethnizität oder Religiosität Zugehörigkeit schöpfen. Ebenfalls hat eine Vielzahl von (un-)bewussten Handlungsmustern, Wertvorstellungen und Orientierungen Einfluss auf Kohäsionsprozesse. Anhand von qualitativen Untersuchungen des Ernährungsalltags von remigrierten und nicht ausgesiedelten Russlanddeutschen veranschaulicht Anna Flack, inwiefern Zugehörigkeiten vielschichtig, kontextabhängig und sogar widersprüchlich sind - und liefert damit gleichzeitig spannende Einblicke in die Alltagspraxen dieser von der Forschung bisher eher vernachlässigten Bevölkerungsgruppen.
Metapolitik
Authors: Brumlik Micha
Published: October 2020

Der Begriff »Metapolitik« geht auf Martin Heidegger zurück und bezieht sich auf eine Form des politischen Denkens, die gegenwärtig von Theoretikern übernommen wird, die vor allem autoritäre, nationalistische und ethnozentrische Formen politischer Herrschaft zu begründen versuchen - unter ihnen vor allem der russische Philosoph Alexander Dugin.
Öffentlichkeit, digitale
Authors: Thiel Thorsten
Published: October 2020

Der Beitrag untersucht zentrale Charakteristika des digitalen Strukturwandels von Öffentlichkeit. Im Anschluss an eine konzeptionelle Reflexion werden Many-to-Many-Kommunikation und Datafizierung in ihrer Auswirkung auf die Genese von Öffentlicheit diskutiert, bevor abschließend die Auswirkungen von digitaler Öffentlichkeit auf die Möglichkeit und Form demokratischer Selbstregierung relfektiert werden.
Staatsauftrag: »Kultur für alle«
Authors: Mandel Birgit , Wolf Birgit
Published: October 2020

»Erstürmt die Höhen der Kultur!« Mit diesem Anspruch an die Bevölkerung erfuhren Kunst und Kultur in der DDR Anerkennung und eine hohe staatliche Förderung. Ein engmaschiges System der Kulturvermittlung von Kindergärten über Schulen und Jugendorganisationen bis zu Betrieben wurde etabliert. Inwieweit gelang es, Ziele einer »Kultur für alle und von allen« umzusetzen? Verhinderte die ideologische Funktionalisierung kulturelle Selbstbildungsprozesse? Und wie viel Zwang und Freiraum boten Künste und kulturelle Arbeit? Auf Basis von Originaldokumenten sowie knapp 100 Interviews mit Zeitzeug*innen und Expert*innen werden erstmalig kulturelle Teilhabe und kulturelle Bildung in der DDR aufgearbeitet und für aktuelle Diskurse fruchtbar gemacht.
Dual Frequency Electronically Controlled Radiation Beam Reconfigurable slotted Antenna for Detection of a Stationary or Nonstationary Target
Authors: Garg Manoj Kumar , Saini Jasmine
Published: October 2020

A dual-frequency and radiation pattern reconfigurable microstrip patch antenna for detecting a stationary as well as a non-stationary target is described. Six angular patches, that collectively form a circular shape, are used. All the six patches radiate one by one after a fixed interval of time and their feed controlling is done by six PIN diodes. The switching of PIN diodes is controlled by an embedded biasing network. This antenna provides radiation beam scanning characteristics. It gives the main lobe scanning at every 60o clockwise (or anticlockwise) continuously by applying a signal to patches one by one. The purpose of introducing the slot is to get the radiation pattern in the desired direction since by changing the length, width, and position of the slot, the direction of the radiation pattern can be controlled. The slotted antenna operates in a C band with two frequencies 4.21 GHz and 4.82 GHz and provides a radiation pattern, 90o apart from each other. The scanning rate of 0.6 deg/ms is obtained; however, the scanning rate can be changed with the help of ATMEGA 2560 microcontroller. This compact Microstrip patch antenna can be widely used for short-range applications i.e. ground surveillance radar, missile control, mobile battlefield surveillance for military and many other applications in a modern wireless communication system. The designed antenna along with the switching application will be able to track the stationary as well as a non-stationary target.
Analysis of Operating Principles and Flow Field Characteristics for a Diving Ballast Tank
Authors: Pan K. C. , Chao I. M.
Published: October 2020

Operating principle and flow field characteristics of a diving ballast tank for application in submerged vehicles were investigated in the present study. As understanding the complex changes in the interior air-water two-phase flow field of the ballast tank during the diving process is difficult, this study specifically performed a ballast tank diving experiment. Experimental and numerical simulations to analyse the diving motions of the ballast tank were conducted. Authors comprehensively evaluated the flow field changes in the ballast tank and its surroundings. The experimental and numerical results were compared in terms of the observed displacements and velocities during diving. Both the results indicated similar motion trajectories and velocities. Authors effectively observed the air-water two-phase flow field change inside the ballast tank using this numerical method. Therefore, the numerical model constructed in this study can be useful for analysing the diving motions of ballast tanks and can effectively predict the interior flow field characteristics of a ballast tank.
Potential of Multi constellation Global Navigation Satellite System in Indian Missile Test Range Applications
Authors: Goswami Mrinal , Mahato Somnath , Ghatak Rowdra , Bose Anindya
Published: October 2020

In this paper, the potentials of using Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) techniques in the complex calibration procedure of the tracking sensors for missile test range applications have been presented. The frequently used tracking sensors in test range applications are- electro-optical tracking stations (EOTS) and tracking radars. Over the years, the EOTS are used as the reference for bias estimation of the radars. With the introduction of GPS in test range applications, especially the DGPS, the reference for bias estimation got shifted to DGPS from the EOTS. However, the achievable position solution accuracy is limited to the order of a few meters for DGPS, EOTS, and Radars. With the evolution of Multi-constellation GNSS and carrier-phase based measurement techniques in satellite navigation, achievable position solution accuracies may be improved to sub-meter level. New navigation techniques like real time kinematic (RTK) and precise point positioning have the potentials for use in the calibration procedures of the missile test ranges to the accuracies of centimeter-level. Moreover, because of the availability of a large number of navigation signals over the Indian region, multi-constellation GNSS receivers can enhance signal availability, reliability, and accuracies during the calibration of missile test ranges. Currently available compact, low-cost GNSS modules also offer the possibilities of using these for cost-effective, networked RTK for dynamic calibration of test ranges reducing cost and resource requirements.
SWaP Optimised Parameter Extraction of Radar Signals for Space Electronic Intelligence Application
Authors: Niranjan R. K. , Singh A. K. , Rao C. B. Rama
Published: October 2020

Space-based electronic intelligence system provides wide coverage and unrestricted access to adversary radar signals. These systems play a vital role in strategic intelligence gathering for assessing electronic order of battle. These systems need to be SWaP optimized with highly efficient algorithms to extract accurate radar parameters. The realization of such a system is a persistent challenge due to the limited availability of space graded components and associated tools. Towards this, the paper deliberates upon various signal processing algorithms to achieve highly accurate direction-of-arrival (DOA), high-frequency resolution and precise timing information for pulse width and pulse repetition frequency extraction. All the proposed algorithms have been implemented, ported and tested on Xilinx Kintex Ultra Scale FPGA KU060 and being evaluated in the radiation setups to establish the performance. High DOA accuracy and frequency accuracy of the order of 0.3 degree and 0.64 MHz respectively have been achieved.
A Hybrid Computational Intelligence based Technique for Automatic Cryptanalysis of Playfair Ciphers
Authors: Din Maiya , Pal Saibal K. , Muttoo S. K. , Madan Sushila
Published: October 2020

The Playfair cipher is a symmetric key cryptosystem-based on encryption of digrams of letters. The cipher shows higher cryptanalytic complexity compared to mono-alphabetic cipher due to the use of 625 different letter-digrams in encryption instead of 26 letters from Roman alphabets. Population-based techniques like Genetic algorithm (GA) and Swarm intelligence (SI) are more suitable compared to the Brute force approach for cryptanalysis of cipher because of specific and unique structure of its Key Table. This work is an attempt to automate the process of cryptanalysis using hybrid computational intelligence. Multiple particle swarm optimization (MPSO) and GA-based hybrid technique (MPSO-GA) have been proposed and applied in solving Playfair ciphers. The authors have attempted to find the solution key applied in generating Playfair crypts by using the proposed hybrid technique to reduce the exhaustive search space. As per the computed results of the MPSO-GA technique, correct solution was obtained for the Playfair ciphers of 100 to 200 letters length. The proposed technique provided better results compared to either GA or PSO-based technique. Furthermore, the technique was also able to recover partial English text message for short Playfair ciphers of 80 to 120 characters length.
Utilisation of Ram Air Turbine on a Fighter Platform for Energy Extraction Failure Mode Study
Authors: Arumugam Arunachaleswaran , Thomas Shyni , Madhusudan Muralidhar , Elangovan S. , Sundararaj M.
Published: October 2020

Aircraft electrical system needs to be robust enough to cater for electrical power requirements of all the systems of the aircraft and all the safety/degraded mission critical systems in failure modes. Designing such a robust electrical system for a developmental aircraft program is a challenge. A developmental aircraft during its various phases would involve integration of additional systems and new weapons (in case of fighter aircraft). Integration of newer systems imposes fresh challenges in managing the electrical system architecture especially in failure modes. Weapon integration in a prototype fighter program is dynamic as newer contemporary weapons are developed at faster pace and ever evolving. Power crisis through existing on-board power generation systems in failure mode was felt during an indigenous aircraft development program. A novel idea of introducing a Ram Air Turbine and utilize the power generated during main alternator failure for critical systems was studied. The intention of this paper is to cover the details of the study carried out towards utlisation of such a Ram Air Turbine in landing phase for extraction of energy in case of main alternator failure.
Two Dimensional Materials for Military Applications
Authors: Özkan Doğuş , Özekinci M. Cenk , Öztürk Zeynep Taşlıçukur , Sulukan Egemen
Published: October 2020

This paper particularly focuses on 2D materials and their utilization in military applications. 2D and heterostructured 2D materials have great potential for military applications in developing energy storage devices, sensors, electronic devices, and weapon systems. Advanced 2D material-based sensors and detectors provide high awareness and significant opportunities to attain correct data required for planning, optimization, and decision-making, which are the main factors in the command and control processes in the military operations. High capacity sensors and detectors or energy storage can be developed not only by using 2D materials such as graphene, hexagonal boron nitride (hBN), MoS2, MoSe2, MXenes; but also by combining 2D materials to obtain heterostructures. Phototransistors, flexible thin-film transistors, IR detectors, electrodes for batteries, organic photovoltaic cells, and organic light-emitting diodes have been being developed from the 2D materials for devices that are used in weapon systems, chemical-biological warfare sensors, and detection systems. Therefore, the utilization of 2D materials is the key factor and the future of advanced sensors, weapon systems, and energy storage devices for military applications.
Narcotic Drug Detection and Identification through Synchronous Fluorescence Technique
Authors: Mittal Shalini , Laishram Kiranmala , Inamdar Saurabh , Das N. R. , Razdan A. K.
Published: October 2020

Illegal production of potentially hazardous narcotics as well as various psychotropic drugs is being carried out in the neighbouring countries and international market which is causing narco-terrorism a global havoc. Compared with traditional/natural drugs the synthetic drugs are more smuggled nowadays. Because of the vulnerability of the borders to drug trafficking, India has increased surveillance at borders and coasts and thus has tackled the problem to some extent. Authors developing a Narcotic drug sensor (point sensor) for detection and identification of Narcotic drugs based on Laser Induced Fluorescence more specifically Synchronous Fluorescence Spectroscopy in an effort. Some narcotic samples viz. Caffeine, Quinine and Tramadol were considered for the study. The fluorescence spectrum was studied using our own laboratory-based sensor incorporating charge coupled device-based Spectrometer and Laser source (266 nm wavelength) and commercial system from ‘Horiba Scientific’ incorporating Photomultiplier tube and Xe lamp source.
Deciphering the Puzzle of Hypobaric Hypoxia Proteomics Prophylaxis and Modelling Approach
Authors: Gangwar Anamika , Paul Subhojit , Jain Shikha , Ahmad Yasmin , Bhargava Kalpana
Published: October 2020

Hypoxia, particularly hypobaric hypoxia, is a multifaceted entity which includes certain molecular, patho-physiological and biochemical aspects. Any single aspect in itself cannot help us elucidate hypobaric hypoxia in its entirety. We observed three crucial lacunae within the existing literature. These include a lack of high-throughput investigations into redox PTMs, particularly NO-based PTMs; a prophylactic supplement with proven efficacy and safety which doesn’t involve medical supervision and is not contraindicated in hepatic, renal and cardiac insufficiencies; and a clinically validated rodent model of HAPE without any genetic/pharmacological manipulations. In the present study, we present an antagonistic interplay between nitrosylation and carbonylation which shows an additional NO-based network that is active in acclimatised individuals. Then we present a micronised aqueous suspension of silymarin which is efficacious at low doses in providing antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and hypoxia-adaptive vascular responses in addition to being a free radical quencher itself. Silymarin has an excellent safety and efficacy profile in humans. Finally, we create a SD rat model of HAPE which was used to reverse-translate a previously known HAPE marker in humans (SULT1A1) and elucidate the synergistic occurrence of HAPE and inflammation cascades. This is the first radiologically validated rodent HAPE model. In conclusion, we were able to elucidate the molecular, biochemical and patho-physiological aspects of hypobaric hypoxia which were left out by previous studies.
Study of Eutectic Etching Process for Defects Analysis in n type 4H SiC
Authors: Pal Pooja , Kumar Sunil , Singh S. K.
Published: October 2020

Silicon Carbide (SiC) is a wide bandgap material with unique properties attractive for high power, high temperature applications. The presence of defects in the crystal is a major issue prior device fabrication. These defects affect the performance of the device. To delineate and identify the defects an easy and quick method is desirable. In this study defects delineation in n-type 4H-SiC has been carried out by KOH, KOH+NaOH and KOH+Na2O2 melts. Variation in etch pits size was found at various concentrations of the NaOH in KOH and for different total etching times in the KOH+Na2O2 melt. The eutectic solution etching technique is found to be more efficient to delineate defects and provides control on etching and surface roughness. The etching rates have been estimated under different experimental conditions. Detailed morphological investigations have been performed by wide field high resolution optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy.
Notes from the Editors, October 2020
Authors: Editors _
Published: October 2020

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This special issue of Monthly Review, "China 2020," is the product of a long period of cooperation with critical Chinese Marxist scholars. This has resulted in an extensive series of articles on contemporary Chinese social and economic relations since 2012, to which most of the authors in the present issue have previously contributed. It takes on a special significance due to the growing conflict between the United States and China, making critical Marxist analysis in this area all the more important.
Toward Delinking: An Alternative Chinese Path Amid the New Cold War
Authors: Tsui Sit , Wong Erebus , Chi Lau Kin , Tiejun Wen
Published: October 2020

During the 1960s, China was effectively excluded from the two major camps: the Soviet camp and the U.S. camp. For about a decade, China was obliged to seek development within its own borders and thereby achieved some extent of delinking: a refusal to succumb to U.S.-eurocentric globalization and an embrace of a people's agenda of development. While foreign relations were later normalized and China once again brought in foreign capital, since being explicitly targeted as the primary rival of the United States, however, the situation may again warrant moves toward delinking and searching for alternatives, with ups and downs along the way.
Revisiting Collectivism and Rural Governance in China
Authors: Chi Lau Kin
Published: October 2020

Zhoujiazhuang is singular, being the only de facto people's commune in China today. At present, Zhoujiazhuang still maintains the political, economic, and social structure that has been essentially in place since 1956. For over sixty years—since ten years before the Cultural Revolution and thirty-eight years after the dismantling of almost all people's communes in 1982—Zhoujiazhuang has survived as an organizational unit over the same territory comprising the same six natural villages.
Fast Industrial Product Design Method and its Application Based on 3D CAD System
Authors: Liu Fei
Published: October 2020

With the rapid development of science and technology and the emergence of new technologies, the speed of product upgrading has accelerated, and the life cycle has been significantly shortened, leading to increasingly fierce market competition. Through the analysis of the enterprise product development process, combined with CAD-based product rapid design technology and parametric design technology, this paper proposes a product configuration editor based on three-dimensional software with a visual interface, and combines it with the PDM system. A software system that can be applied to actual product development is formed. Finally, the feasibility of a vehicle steering gear product design process is proved in practice. The research of this article mainly has the following two aspects of academic significance: this article describes the process of product development and design by enterprises under the mass customization production mode. After analyzing the application of CAD technology in the product design process, we studied how to use advanced design knowledge to combine specific three-dimensional CAD software for rapid product design, which can guide manufacturing companies to better carry out product design work. It is proposed to improve and perfect the initial configuration results of products in a specific three-dimensional design environment, and it can communicate with data management systems such as PDM. The configuration results can be edited and modified in the 3D design environment, and when specific parts need to be modified and designed, the parametric module embedded in the 3D design software can be used to design directly, avoiding multiple heterogeneous systems switching back and forth between, shorten the development cycle. In addition, for enterprises, the research in this article is also of great application significance.
Building a Parallel Corpus for English Translation Teaching Based on Computer-Aided Translation Software
Authors: Xie Wenwen , Wang Xiaolu
Published: October 2020

This paper conducts an in-depth study on the construction of parallel corpus for English translation teaching through computer-aided translation software, and this study adopts a combination of corpus statistics and analysis to portray and study the system. In the corpus statistics, we carried out a detailed data analysis of the translated text and the original text with the help of corpus statistics software to find out the linguistic characteristics of the translated text and the areas that can be improved from the perspective of data statistics. After that, based on frequency, mean value, grading value, and multiplication analysis, we carry out qualitative analysis to study the movie subtitle translation strategy and its causes from multiple perspectives. This thesis aims to make research on film and television translation from a new angle with the help of corpus translation and to make up for the gap in the research direction of film and television translation. Firstly, through the corpus analysis methods such as frequency value, mean value, graded value and multiplier value, a quantitative analysis of film texts is carried out from three levels, namely, high frequency, medium frequency and basic, and it is found that Chinese films have many distinctive characteristics in terms of long words and sentences, words and sentences, beginning and end of sentences, idioms and the use of four-character words.
Optimization of Computer Aided English Pronunciation Teaching System Based on Speech Signal Processing Technology
Authors: Ma Lina , Lei Yanjie
Published: October 2020

After the development of speech signal processing technology has matured, various language learning tools have begun to emerge. The speech signal processing technology has many functions, such as standard tape reading, making audio aids, synthesizing speech, and performing speech evaluation. Therefore, the adoption of speech signal processing technology in English pronunciation teaching can meet different teaching needs. Voice signal processing technology can present teaching information in different forms, and promote multi-form communication between teachers and students, and between students and students. This will help stimulate students' interest in learning English and improve the overall teaching level of English pronunciation. This research first investigates and studies the current level of English pronunciation mastery. After combining the relevant principles of speech signal processing technology, it puts forward the areas that need to be optimized in the design of the English pronunciation teaching system. Through the demand analysis and function analysis of the system, this research uses speech signal processing technology to extract the characteristics of the speech signal---Mel Frequency Cepstrum Coefficient (MFCC), The system's speech signal preprocessing, speech signal feature extraction and dynamic time warping (DTW) recognition algorithms are optimized. At the same time, this research combines multimedia teaching resources such as text, pronunciation video and excellent courses to study the realization process of each function of the system.
Design and Development of GPS Navigation and Positioning System based on AutoCAD Platform
Authors: Cui Jichao , Zhang Feng
Published: October 2020

According to the design of the software system, the positioning chip configured in the positioning terminal can be GPS, or a hybrid positioning system, plus optional position differential function, which ensures the positioning accuracy and maintains data security at the same time. Software system using cloud computing technology and C/S, B/S hybrid architecture for development, the system can be deployed on an ordinary PC to achieve greater capacity and higher performance, companies or individuals only need to be equipped with positioning terminals can directly use the system, but also according to their own needs to further modify the system realized in this paper customized. This greatly reduces the development and maintenance costs of the system and is beneficial to the promotion and use of the system. The satellite positioning information is received from the positioning terminal, decoded according to the present decoding algorithm, and sent to the database server for storage; remote control commands are received from the terminal administrator, processed, and sent to the positioning terminal. Web server, which provides access service to the user's operation platform. Service server, which provides service support for business logic to the user operation platform. The user operation platform is divided into the ordinary user operation platform and the terminal administrator operation platform.
Computer Aided Art Design and Production Based on Video Stream
Authors: Guo Sufen , Li Xueguang
Published: October 2020

With the continuous development of informatization, digital video is increasing sharply every moment. Multimedia information represented by video streams has gradually become the main form of information media in the field of information processing. This paper proposes a method of directly extracting I-frames in the compressed domain, which overcomes the shortcomings of traditional video retrieval algorithms that decompress video files before processing. From the point of view of the scene, it discusses how to synthesize the scene summary using I frames to obtain the smallest computer-aided unit in the video. The new model promotes the information transformation of art design activities, provides excellent theoretical tools for the extension of digital network to art design, and creatively brews a digital network learning platform based on network sharing. The new model applies the advantages of computer technology to the design of art categories, promotes the sound and orderly development of art design, and improves the professional level of art designers and producers. The new model was tracked and analyzed by means of work research and judgment, and the results showed that the effect of computer-aided art design and production model design was significant.
„Dezynfekcja”. Literatura polska wobec eksterminacji osób psychicznie chorych
Authors: Morawiec Arkadiusz
Published: October 2020

The article concerns the theme of extermination of the mentally ill and handicapped in Polish literature. It outlines the basic facts regarding this crime perpetrated by the Nazis and indicates how Polish literature reacted to it. There are few works which deal with this crime. Writers (and historians) probably considered the extermination of the mentally ill to be a fact of insignificance compared to other Nazi crimes, or knew little about it. Thus Polish literature treats it incidentally, by entering it in another, more extensive or “more important” issue (the extermination of the Jews, the extermination of the Polish population), or treats it as an occasion to take up “more fundamental” (ideological) problems. The article analyzes famous works, Stanisław Lem’s novel Hospital of the Transfiguration and Andrzej Bursa’s poem The liquidation of the mentally ill in Kobierzyn by the Germans, and less known texts: Piotr Matywiecki’s poem *** [Dragged into the sun….] and Anna Dziewit-Meller’s novel Mount Taygetus.
Wajda i aktorzy
Authors: Guczalska Beata
Published: October 2020

Andrzej Wajda was one of those directors who created their actors in the way he allowed them to truly shape his films and theatre performances. The presence of his actors is striking in Wajda’s work, not only in the professional sense but also the human element. On numerous occasions Wajda emphasised that the only moment of true inspiration in his work is in the process of casting. While selecting actors he stayed extremely close to the characters, and in his quest for the right person he asked: “Who, in today’s social and existential situation, should play this character?” In his work he afforded his actors great freedom, which enabled them to develop their talents to the full. However, realising he could not always meet expectations with tried and tested actors, he sought out new faces and made radical changes to his team, which was often a source of frustration for actors. Aware of this lack of fulfillment, Wajda sometimes made it the subject of his films, sometimes returning to actors cast aside years earlier.
Między światami. Rzeczywistość w literaturze – literatura w rzeczywistości – rzeczywistość literatury
Authors: Ulicka Danuta
Published: October 2020

The author attempts to reconstruct a short history of modern Polish literary studies not from the perspective of schools or methodological orientations that are usually applied, but from the perspective of what is known in sociology as cultural themes. This point of view offers the opportunity to (re)construct the process of continuity /discontinuity in the whole field of research focused on the problem of reference, which has been recognized as the most important one in Polish studies (as well as in Polish literature, and art) since its beginning in the first decade of the 20th century. In the broader scope the article attempts to rearticulate the definition of the discipline conventionally called “the theory of literature”, and to propose a new way of writing its history.
„Antynaturalizm” Gombrowicza albo po co ekokrytyce pamięć o nowoczesności
Authors: Pańczak Martyna
Published: October 2020

The article discusses Gombrowicz’s declared “anti-naturalism”, which is often seen as a gesture of negating the non-human world as boring and unworthy of interacting with. Nevertheless, this seemingly radical anthropocentrism does not imply absolute indifference. On the contrary, human anti-naturalness, as emphasized in the work of Gombrowicz, is considered arbitrary, founded on logocentrism and influential interpersonal doctrines. It may therefore be a tragic experience – depriving of a sense of belonging, but also deflating self-confidence, which is grounded in the belief in nature’s otherness. Gombrowicz’s “anti-naturalism”, crucial for the experience of modernity, relates to the problem of definition. The aversion to the non-human is, in fact, the fear of recognising one’s own non-identity; the angst caused by blurring the boundaries that used to arrange the world. It also leads to ignorance, cruelty and a state of “blissful unawareness” on the issues of animal others. In this respect, the writer’s remarks can be very inspiring for ecocritical thought. Gombrowicz once again reminds the reader of the necessity to stop conceiving “Human” as stable, homogenic and self-assured identity and for that reason, collaboration between ecocriticism and posthumanist critical approaches seems unavoidable.
Znak i interpretacja. Czy możliwa jest semiotyka hermeneutyczna?
Authors: Januszkiewicz Michał
Published: October 2020

The article „Sign and interpretation” is an attempt to answer the question of the possibility of the existence of hermeneutic semiotics. The discussion relates essentially to problems such as sign and interpretation. The author analyzes the selected threads of thought of Charles Sanders Peirce, showing their similarity to the hermeneutics of Heidegger and Gadamer.
Lans: style życia i znakowanie tożsamości
Authors: Rura Przemysław
Published: October 2020

In this article I describe contemporary processes of marking identity in the context of the phenomenon and concept of “lans”. The text consist of four parts. Part One, I describe changes that have taken place in recent centuries and their consequences for identity nowadays. In the second part I outline the characteristic of lans, paying attention to its potential in explanation sign-functions. Part Three contains the main conclusions of the semiological analysis of lans. In the final part I summarise the article.
Miejsce miejskich obszarów funkcjonalnych w procesie rozwoju regionalnego
Authors: Nowak Adam
Published: October 2020

Problematyka miejskich obszarów funkcjonalnych nie jest nowym przedmiotem badań naukowych ani na świecie, ani w Polsce. Od kilkudziesięciu lat prowadzone są badania nad obszarami wyróżniającymi się występowaniem relacji przestrzennych i społeczno-gospodarczych między miastem głównym (ośrodkiem rdzeniowym) a jednostkami położonymi w jego najbliższym otoczeniu (strefa peryferyjna). Artykuł zawiera uszczegółowienie terminów stosowanych w delimitacji tych terenów, a także systematyzację teorii rozwoju regionalnego, która stanowi podstawę do określenia roli miejskich obszarów funkcjonalnych, w tym ośrodka rdzeniowego i strefy peryferyjnej, w tych koncepcjach. Głównym celem pracy jest określenie zakładanego w koncepcjach teoretycznych znaczenia miejskich obszarów funkcjonalnych w procesie rozwoju regionalnego.
Zróżnicowanie poziomu rozwoju nowoczesnych usług w Polsce
Authors: Dominiak Joanna
Published: October 2020

W dobie intensywnego postępu technologicznego, postępującej globalizacji i wzrastającej konkurencyjności coraz większego znaczenia nabierają nowoczesne usługi, które stają się niezbędne w rozwoju współczesnej gospodarki. Celem artykułu jest: (1) próba identyfikacji nowoczesnych usług w oparciu o współczesną literaturę przedmiotu, (2) charakterystyka poziomu rozwoju nowoczesnych usług w Polsce, (3) analiza zróżnicowania poziomu rozwoju usług nowoczesnych w Polsce w układzie województw. Dane wykorzystane w analizie pochodzą z banku danych lokalnych Głównego Urzędu Statystycznego oraz Eurostatu. W pracy wykorzystano wskaźnik syntetyczny Perkala, analizę korelacji oraz analizę skupień. Wyniki badań prowadzą do wniosku, że w ujęciu całościowym wysokim poziomem rozwoju usług nowoczesnych charakteryzują się województwa: mazowieckie oraz małopolskie, dolnośląskie i pomorskie. Niskim poziomem usług nowoczesnych cechują się przede wszystkim słabe gospodarczo województwa wschodniej Polski oraz województwa: lubuskie i świętokrzystkie. Regionalny rozkład wartości wskaźnika syntetycznego poziomu rozwoju usług nowoczesnych w wyraźny sposób nawiązuje do rozkładu ogólnego poziomu rozwoju społeczno-gospodarczego województw.
Mauzoleum przekształcone w elitarny cmentarz? o początkach nekropoli w Bodzi
Authors: Buko Andrzej
Published: October 2020

The elite cemetery in Bodzia (from the late 10th to the early 11th centuries) hosts the deceased of foreign and local origin who had a strong sense of ideological and ethno-cultural bonds. According to the results of the author’s latest research, a large tomb D162 played a pivotal role in the cemetery. It was originally built as a grave – a mausoleum with an entrance from the east. Over time, more graves with enclosures were added to the existing tomb on the eastern side, imitating architecture of a primary grave. The successive burials in which remains of foreigners were identified represented the structural first degree elements of the cemetery. In line with the results of isotopic labelling, the group of people buried in this row is associated with newcomers from the Baltic (Scandinavian) zone. In search of the sources of the idea and, further on, the model of the cemetery, attention was directed at the symbols and the structural elements of royal courts and rural aristocratic mansions, especially rectangular plots of land with enclosures as known from Denmark. In the light of newer research, the most symbolic representations include the topography and structural elements identified around the royal kurgans in Jelling.
Ze studiów nad najstarszym osadnictwem wczesnośredniowiecznym na Pomorzu Zachodnim
Authors: Machajewski Henryk
Published: October 2020

The issue of the earliest medieval settlement in West Pomerania continues to generate discussions in the context of its dating and spread to various regions. The latest growth in the number of new archaeological sources related to this issue necessitates a new approach to the process of formation thereof. An attempt at explaining the chronological relations of this settlement in the face of the latest ancient settlement is a separate issue.
MINORITY LANGUAGES UNDER NAZI OCCUPATION
Authors: Hamans Camiel
Published: October 2020

This paper discusses the special interest the Third Reich ideologues had for Germanic minority languages. In particular, the situation in Friesland, Flanders and Brittany is addressed. Moreover, it is made clear how German linguists from that period tried to annex Wallonia as an original Germanic area. Finally, the consequences of this cooperation with the Nazi occupier for the post-war discussions about these minority languages are briefly indicated.
ON ORAL ATTAINMENT IN A FOREIGN LANGUAGE
Authors: Pospieszyńska-Wojtkowiak Magdalena
Published: October 2020

The article is devoted to oral attainment in a foreign language. It revises the term speaking, and explains its difficult role, yet fundamental both in teaching and in learning. Although oral communication is not easy to success in, it is, inevitably, one of the main determinants of students’ achievements in a classroom situation. The article presents what happens during a typical classroom interaction situation, emphasizing the cooperation between the speaker and the listener, quoting Grice’s (1975) four maxims governing the cooperation in communication, namely, the maxim of quantity, quality, relation and manner. Then, various features, factors and functions related to speaking are enumerated, underlining the difficult role of speaking in the whole process of foreign language learning. According to Common European Framework (Council of Europe 2001), all the features of spoken language, also mediating and interaction, are important in designing speaking tasks/tests, setting the assessment criteria, establishing and organizing principles and curricula for the teaching programs. The last section of the article is devoted to assessing oral skills, hence different approaches and scales are presented as examples, together with a brief explanation of the constructs of reliability and validity is speaking assessment. Special reliability and validity procedures have to be employed by test designers in order to obtain objectivity of the scores.
SOME OBSERVATIONS ON THE HANDSHAKE AS A CRUCIAL INDICATOR OF THE EMPATHIC AND PEACEBUILDING CULTURE
Authors: Puppel Joanna
Published: October 2020

Handshake is a very primeval human gesture which follows from the erect posture and the freeing of the upper limbs. Its evolutionary benefits for mankind are briefly discussed. It is emphasized that the free hands, the right hand in particular, have been of fundamental importance to human culture thus underlying interpersonal linkages and communication. Handshake is loaded semantically positively and in this capacity it serves in a number of important integrative functions in human social life, in particular, in peacebuilding.
KRÓTKI ZARYS EWOLUCJI FILOLOGII: UJĘCIE ‘PORTALOWE’
Authors: Puppel Stanisław
Published: October 2020

In the paper, the author postulates that philology may be characterized by an evolutionary sequence: from classical philology, to modern native and nonnative types of philologies, to the expected panphilology. The portals perspective applied in the paper has allowed the author to investigate all four evolutionary phases with special emphasis on the latest phase of the proposed evolutionary sequence. Panphilology has been described in greater detail as characterized by such features as an open and eclectic type of studies, cosmopolitanism and students' freedom in selecting their highly individual paths of studies.
W stronę badań słowiańskich kontekstów staropolskich apokryfów (2). Sposoby wprowadzania przytoczeń w Životě Krista Pána oraz Żywocie Pana Jezu Krysta Baltazara Opeca
Authors: Borowiec Karolina
Published: October 2020

The aim of the article is to observe the similarities and differences concerning the formation of text by the writers of two Slavic Biblical-apocryphal narrations based on the analyses of the means of introduction of quotations in the Czech Život Krista Pána and in the Polish Żywot Pana Jezu Krysta by Baltazar Opec. The author of the article demonstrates that the texts were written at a similar stage of development of both vernacular languages and, consequently, they include structures at different levels of complexity – indirect speech coexists with direct speech and intermediate forms. The author indicates the differences and similarities in the way the metatext is constructed. For example, she contends that the author of ŽKP used direct speech much more often, introduced quotations serving as a commentary on specific events differently (e.g., from the Bible or Church Fathers), used different patterns when introducing the utterances of the protagonists of the story. Also, the author of the article shows that the quotations intertwined in the story Żywot Pana Jezu Krysta were more expensively modified in comparison to ŽKP. Moreover, the repertoire of structures used for the inclusion of reported speech into the main narration is richer in the Polish text.
Wielość światów. Kilka refleksji o twórczości lirycznej Pavla Straussa
Authors: Dambek Małgorzata
Published: October 2020

Writer Pavol Strauss is little known in Slovakia and Poland because there were several decades between his first collections of poetry written in the German language in the period between the two World Wars and his Slovak post-war essays, and then his other works (essays, diaries and aphorisms) published sporadically or after 1989 on the other. He published four collections of poetry in German: Die Kanone auf dem Ei (1936), Schwarze Verse (1937), Worte aus der Nacht (published bilingually in 2001) and Bruder Abel lebt ja noch (manuscript).After 1946 Pavol Strauss stopped writing poetry and stopped writing in German.
Šedá zóna mezi záměrem a činem aneb pár úvah o paradoxnosti lidských plánů v prozaické tvorbě Milana Kundery
Authors: Janiec-Nyttrai Agnieszka
Published: October 2020

The aim of the study is to offer a slightly different view of Milan Kundera’s prose and to recall the issues of memory and human activities as the subjects of constant interpretation and reinterpretation. Last but not least, the article examines human identity and the freedom of human decision-making. In the study, the theory of cultural oblivion is used as a strategy for building our own identity and subjectivity. Notably, since the 1960s, Kundera has dealt with these issues, which later became the subject of memory studies. Kundera has overtaken the memory boom which was highly popular for some years. Another important issue analysed in the study is the question of responsibility for one’s own deeds, worlds, actions and the issue of the possibility of dialogue between people. All these issues are examined on the basis of Kundera’s novels.