bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Noun formation processes in Nda’nda’
Authors: Gueche Fotso Hugues Carlos
Published: December 2021

This paper examines nouns formation processes in Nda’nda’, a littledocumented language spoken in Western Cameroon. My concern is to account for the various strategies used by the language to expand its vocabulary in the face of new realities. How are new words created? What are the linguistics transformations loanwords undergo when they enter the language? To answer these questions, data are collected with a wordlist, transcribed in IPA and analyzed in a structural approach. Four lexical enrichment processes are identified here, namely derivation, conversion, borrowing and compounding. Derivation mainly explores how suffixes function in Nda’nda’ in the creation of new words. Conversion from verbs to nouns, though not very productive, is also examined. An analysis of loanwords highlights the phonological, morphological and semantic behavior of the latter in the language. Compounding studies the rules that govern the association of lexical items that exists independently in the Nda’nda’ lexicon.
Diagnóstico del Sistema de Control Interno en la Fundación vida nueva y digna de la ciudad de Montería
Authors: Causil-Lengua Carlos A. , Bravo-Yepes Alexander , Becerra-Ossa Jhennys P.
Published: December 2021

La presente investigación se centró en realizar un diagnóstico del Sistema de Control Interno (SCI) en la Fundación Vida Nueva y Digna de la ciudad de Montería, utilizando para ello el modelo de control interno COSO. La unidad muestral corresponde a la Fundación, tomando para el estudio 12 sujetos participantes de los cargos gerenciales, administrativos, operativos y órganos de control que se encontraban relacionados directamente con las actividades de control; los instrumentos utilizados para la recolección de datos fueron un cuestionario que contenía 18 ítems y una lista de verificación o chequeo, empleada con el fin de ampliar la información obtenida a través del cuestionario aplicado. Como resultado de la investigación se pudo obtener que la organización objeto de estudio se encuentra expuesta a diversos riesgos de índole financiero, económico y legal, toda vez que existen fallas en la implementación y estructuración del Sistema de Control Interno, donde se pudo evidenciar que no existe un área designada o encargada del manejo del mismo, lo cual afecta la independencia de un proceso frente a otro al momento de establecer los controles y realizar las medidas preventivas y/o correctivas a que hubiese lugar. El Sistema de Control Interno es una herramienta esencial en este tipo de organizaciones porque ayuda a minimizar riesgos y realizar una mejor toma de decisiones, obteniendo como resultado una mayor operacionalidad y flujo en los procesos.
La incidencia de la Planificación estratégica en el desempeño del Marketing: Una revisión crítica
Authors: Ruiz-Andrade José G. , Solís-Palafox Claudia L. , López-Luna Norma A.
Published: December 2021

El entorno cambiante en el que están inmersas las organizaciones en la actualidad, lleva a que estás tomen decisiones estratégicas bien fundamentadas, es por esto que los gerentes de marketing necesitan practicar de manera constante la formalización, implementación y evaluación de los planes estratégicos de marketing. La literatura previa sustenta la importancia de esta planificación en los resultados organizacionales, sin embargo, existen algunas barreras que tienen que ver con la cultura y las políticas, por ejemplo, la confianza en la planificación y sus resultados, la resistencia al cambio y la cognitiva que tienen que ver con la falta de conocimiento, habilidades e innovación. Es por esto que se planea un planteamiento crítico de la incidencia de la Planificación estratégica en el desempeño del marketing a través de una revisión de la literatura. Los resultados apuntan a que las relaciones entre la planeación estratégica del marketing y el impacto que genera dentro de las empresas al llevarlo a la práctica tiene resultados positivos en el desempeño, no obstante, se requiere de alto conocimiento del entorno para que la planificación sea efectiva respecto a los resultados.
Marketing, Gestión de la Calidad Total y Benchmarking: una revisión de la literatura
Authors: Hoyos-Estrada Sherly
Published: December 2021

El marketing ocupa uno de los lugares centrales al interior de las estrategias de las organizaciones en la actualidad debido a lo inestable del entorno empresarial, es por esto que su gestión y los elementos inherentes a ella son de vital importancia para el entorno organizacional actual. En este contexto, se busca investigar los vínculos entre el marketing y la gestión de la calidad total (TQM), por medio de una revisión de literatura que analice diversas publicaciones en torno a esta temática, en donde se encuentran similitudes y afinidades en los hallazgos entre estas dos áreas, sin embargo, en el mundo real y en la práctica hay una aparente falta de integración de las dos. Por tanto, se realizó un estudio que muestra que los académicos de marketing están menos dispuestos a utilizar métodos de benchmarking que otros grupos y aún es menos probable que los gerentes la estén utilizando. Es así que los principales hallazgos se centran en explorar como la integración entre la TQM, el Benchmarking y el marketing puede favorecer el entorno empresarial de las organizaciones.
The Effect of Neuro-Linguistic Programming on Depression, Anxiety and Stress in Liver Transplant Patients
Authors: DOĞAN Runida , DOĞAN Aysel , BAĞCI Nazlıcan
Published: December 2021

Aim: This study was conducted using a prospective randomized single-blind clinical trial model to examine the effect of neuro-linguistic programming (NLP) on depression, anxiety, and stress in liver transplant patients.Materials and Methods: This study was conducted with liver transplant patients at a university’s Liver Transplant Institute between June 2021 and December 2021. The sample size of the study was determined as 84 (Experimental group: 42, control group: 42). Personal information form and Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale (DASS-21) were used to collect data. The data obtained from the research were evaluated with SPSS 25.Results: In the experimental group, the mean score of DASS-21 was found to be 38.95 ± 11.96 before the NLP application and 25.21 ± 5.43 after the NLP application. It was found statistically significant that the value obtained in the second measurement was lower than the value obtained in the first measurement (p<0.05). It was determined that NLP application significantly decreased all parameters of depression, anxiety, and stress (p<0.05). In the control group, the mean score of DASS-21 was determined as 51.05 ± 7.53 in the first measurement and 52.57 ± 7.92 in the second measurement. It was found statistically significant that the value obtained in the second measurement was higher than the value obtained in the first measurement (p<0.05).Conclusion: This study found that NLP reduced depression, anxiety, and stress in liver transplant patients. In line with this result, it can be suggested that nurse’s benefit from NLP practice and receive training on NLP in managing the depression, anxiety, and stress experienced by liver transplant patients.
The Effect of Tracheal Diverticulum and Chronic Ostructive Lung Disease on Chest Anthropometry
Authors: ARGALI DENIZ Mine , ER ULUBABA Hilal , ARPACI Muhammed Furkan , ÇAVUŞ Fatih , DEMİRTAŞ Gökhan , KARATAŞ Turgay , ÖZBAĞ Davut
Published: December 2021

Aim: In this study, we aimed to evaluate the effect of tracheal diverticula (TD) on chest anthropometry and its relationship with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Material and Method: Between January 2019 and March 2020, 995 patients who underwent chest CT were retrospectively analyzed and TD was detected in 62 cases. Group 1 is only TD, Group 2 is TD + COPD, Group 3 is only COPD, Group 4 is defined as control group. We measured the localization, size, the distance to carina and vocal cord of TDs. In all groups chest diameters at T4 and T9 levels were measured as transverse and vertical plans. Results: TDs detected mostly at the T2 and T3 levels. In Group 1 and Group 2, there was a statistically significant difference the distance to TD of vocal chords. A statistically significant difference was found between Group 1 and Group 3 only in the anteroposterior diameter at the T4 and T9 levels.Conclusion: The fact that TDs, which we do not know clearly whether they are acquired or congenital, have different TD levels in COPD patients made us think that TDs may be acquired. We also observed that COPD affects TD localization and TD has the opposite effect in increasing anteroposterior chest parameters in COPD. Precence of TD is essential on COPD patients about thorax anthropometry.
Statistical relationships between the rule-making activity of state bodies in Russia
Authors: Pavlov Pavel
Published: December 2021

The article provides the analysis of the relationship between the rule-making activity of Russia’s state authorities: parliament, president, government and federal executive bodies. The analysis of Granger causality, carried out for statistical series of federal authorities rulemaking activity, indicates that the level of laws specification largely determines the level of by-laws specification (government decrees and orders of federal executive bodies), thereby exerting a significant impact on entire Russian regulatory framework volume. Econometric analysis based on a corpus of federal laws and aggregated corpus of regulations shows that the entire rule-making activity of the Russian parliament and federal authorities is explained by overlapping sets of factors. The findings indicate that to consolidate the effect of the “regulatory guillotine” it may be useful to develop mechanisms (procedural rules) that correct the balance between the pace and quality of developing legislative initiatives.
Obtenga café de calidad en el proceso de beneficio
Authors: Peñuela Aída Esther , Sanz-Uribe Juan Rodrigo
Published: December 2021

La calidad del café colombiano se obtiene a partir de variedades de la especie arábica, en combinación con la oferta ambiental (suelo y clima), particularmente ofrecidos por la geografía y localización de Colombia, la cosecha de frutos principalmente maduros y el procesamiento por vía húmeda. Para garantizar una buena calidad de café, a partir de las condiciones mencionadas, es necesario realizar el manejo agronómico adecuado, con base en las recomendaciones de Cenicafé para la siembra, fertilización, manejo integrado de plagas, enfermedades y arvenses, y prácticas de cultivo. También es importante establecer un sistema efectivo de control en la cosecha de café de tal manera que se garantice la mejor materia prima posible.
Épocas recomendadas para la siembra del Café en Colombia
Authors: Jaramillo Álvaro
Published: December 2021

En los cafetales recién sembrados es frecuente observar el retraso en el crecimiento o hasta la muerte de las plantas en el campo, debido a la falta de agua en los meses posteriores a la siembra. Esta situación se vuelve más crítica durante los eventos de El Niño, por disminución de la cantidad de lluvia y por la mayor duración de los períodos secos. Cuando se siembra en el período recomendado se evitan las pérdidas para el caficultor.
Densidades, edades y renovación
Authors: Rendón José Raúl
Published: December 2021

La densidad de siembra del cultivo de café es un factor clave en la producción que se debe definir desde la etapa de establecimiento, para optimizar el uso del terreno en el sistema de producción. Las variedades de porte bajo cultivadas en Colombia permiten el uso de mayores densidades de siembra comparadas con las densidades utilizadas en variedades de porte alto.
Manejo agronómico de cultivos intercalados con café
Authors: Jaramillo Santiago
Published: December 2021

La práctica de sembrar cultivos intercalados en las calles del café durante la etapa de levante fortalece la seguridad alimentaria y nutricional de las familias caficultoras, y constituye una fuente de ingresos durante los meses improductivos del café. Además, genera bienes y servicios ecosistémicos que contribuyen a la sostenibilidad de la finca cafetera. En el sistema intercalado, el café siempre es el cultivo principal y el cultivo transitorio es el cultivo secundario, por esta razón, el manejo agronómico de ambos debe realizarse de manera independiente para no generar competencia entre los dos cultivos.
Sanidad vegetal
Authors: Benavides Machado Pablo , Ángel Carlos Ariel , Rivillas Carlos Alberto
Published: December 2021

El manejo de plagas y enfermedades del café debe ser preventivo e integral. La broca del café produce pérdidas, debido a que disminuye el peso de la producción, deteriora la calidad del grano lo cual disminuye el precio de venta, y aumenta los costos de producción por las acciones de control que deben adelantarse.
Oksi-Asetilen Kaynağında Trimetil Borat Katkısı Kullanımı ve Alınması Gereken İş Sağlığı Güvenliği Tedbirleri
Authors: POLAT Süleyman , DURAK Dilek
Published: December 2021

Gaz kaynağı operasyonlarında sürecin süresini azaltmak için, kaynak bölgesinde düzgün akışkan özellikleri elde edebilmek için aleve giden gaz akısına doğrudan beslenebilen sıvı akışkanlar kullanılır. Bunların başında da bor türevi sıvılar gelir. Trimetil borat sıvısı kullanımında kaynak verimi artırılmakla birlikte iş riski de aynı oranda artırılmaktadır. Basınçlı kaplar prensibine göre çalışan düzeneklerin gaz kaynağı sürecine eklenmesi sonucunda alınması gereken tedbirlerin artırılması gerekmektedir. Makalede, iş güvenliği tedbirleri açısından ilave risk değerlendirmesi ve tedbirler alınması gereken trimetil borat kimyasalı kullanımına dikkat çekme amacı hedeflenmektedir.
A Mid-infrared Study of Directly Imaged Planetary-mass Companions Using Archival Spitzer/IRAC Images
Authors: Martinez Raquel A. , Kraus Adam L.
Published: December 2021

The atmospheres and accretion disks of planetary-mass and substellar companions provide an unprecedented look into planet and moon formation processes, most notably the frequency and lifetime of circumplanetary disks. In our ongoing effort to leverage the extraordinary sensitivity of the Spitzer/Infrared Array Camera (IRAC) at 3.6, 4.5, 5.8, and 8.0 μm to study wide planetary-mass and substellar companions near the diffraction limit, we present point-spread function fitting photometry of archival Spitzer/IRAC images for nine stars (G0 to M4+M7) in nearby star-forming regions or stellar associations that host companions at separations of ρ = 1.″17–12.″33. We detect all system primaries in all four IRAC channels and recover eight low-mass companions in at least one IRAC channel for our sample, five of which have not been resolved previously in IRAC images. We measure nonphotospheric [3.6]–[8.0] colors for four of the system companions (DH Tau B, 2M0441 B, SR 12 c, and ROXs 42B b), confirming or discovering the presence of circumstellar or circum(sub)stellar disks. We detect fluxes consistent with photospheric emission for four other companions (AB Pic b, CHXR 73 b, 1RXS J1609 b, and HD 203030 b) that are unlikely to host disks. Combined with past detections of accretion or disk indicators, we determine the global disk frequency of young (<15 Myr) wide companions with masses near the deuterium-burning limit to be 56% ± 12%.
HST/WFC3 Grism Observations of z ∼ 1 Clusters: Evidence for Rapid Outside-in Environmental Quenching from Spatially Resolved Hα Maps
Authors: Matharu Jasleen , Muzzin Adam , Brammer Gabriel B. , Nelson Erica J. , Auger Matthew W. , Hewett Paul C. , van der Burg Remco , Balogh Michael , Demarco Ricardo , Marchesini Danilo , Noble Allison G. , Rudnick Gregory , van der Wel Arjen , Wilson Gillian , Yee Howard K. C.
Published: December 2021

We present and publicly release (www.gclasshst.com) the first spatially resolved Hα maps of star-forming cluster galaxies at z ∼ 1, made possible with the Wide Field Camera 3 (WFC3) G141 grism on the Hubble Space Telescope (HST). Using a similar but updated method to 3D-HST in the field environment, we stack the Hα maps in bins of stellar mass, measure the half-light radius of the Hα distribution, and compare it to the stellar continuum. The ratio of the Hα to stellar continuum half-light radius,

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, is smaller in the clusters by (6 ± 9)%, but statistically consistent within 1σ uncertainties. A negligible difference in R[Hα/C] with environment is surprising, given the higher quenched fractions in the clusters relative to the field. We postulate that the combination of high quenched fractions and no change in R[Hα/C] with environment can be reconciled if environmental quenching proceeds rapidly. We investigate this hypothesis by performing similar analysis on the spectroscopically confirmed, recently quenched cluster galaxies. 87% have Hα detections, with star formation rates 8 ± 1 times lower than star-forming cluster galaxies of similar stellar mass. Importantly, these galaxies have an R[Hα/C] that is (81 ± 8)% smaller than coeval star-forming field galaxies at fixed stellar mass. This suggests the environmental quenching process occurred outside-in. We conclude that disk truncation due to ram pressure stripping is occurring in cluster galaxies at z ∼ 1, but more rapidly and/or efficiently than in z ≲ 0.5 clusters, such that the effects on R[Hα/C] become observable just after the cluster galaxy has recently quenched.
What is Important? Morphological Asymmetries are Useful Predictors of Star Formation Rates of Star-forming Galaxies in SDSS Stripe 82
Authors: Yesuf Hassen M. , Ho Luis C. , Faber S. M.
Published: December 2021

The morphology and structure of galaxies reflect their star formation and assembly histories. We use the framework of mutual information (MI) to quantify the interdependence among several structural variables and to rank them according to their relevance for predicting the specific star formation rate (SSFR) by comparing the MI of the predictor variables with the SSFR and penalizing variables that are redundant. We apply this framework to study ∼3700 face-on star-forming galaxies (SFGs) with varying degrees of bulge dominance and central concentration and with stellar mass M
⋆ ≈ 109
M
⊙−5 × 1011
M
⊙ at redshift z = 0.02–0.12. We use the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) Stripe 82 deep i-band imaging data, which improve measurements of asymmetry and bulge dominance indicators. We find that star-forming galaxies are a multiparameter family. In addition to M
⋆, asymmetry emerges as the most powerful predictor of SSFR residuals of SFGs, followed by bulge prominence/concentration. Star-forming galaxies with higher asymmetry and stronger bulges have higher SSFR at a given M
⋆. The asymmetry reflects both irregular spiral arms and lopsidedness in seemingly isolated SFGs and structural perturbations by galaxy interactions or mergers.
Radial Motions and Radial Gas Flows in Local Spiral Galaxies
Authors: Di Teodoro Enrico M. , Peek J. E. G.
Published: December 2021

We determine radial velocities and mass flow rates in a sample of 54 local spiral galaxies by modeling high-resolution and high-sensitivity data of the atomic hydrogen emission line. We found that, although radial inflow motions seem to be slightly preferred over outflow motions, their magnitude is generally small. Most galaxies show radial flows of only a few km s−1 throughout their H i disks, either inward or outward, without any clear increase in magnitude in the outermost regions, as we would expect for continuous radial accretion. Gas mass flow rates for most galaxies are less than 1 M
⊙ yr−1. Over the entire sample, we estimated an average inflow rate of 0.3 M
⊙ yr−1 outside the optical disk and of 0.1 M
⊙ yr−1 in the outskirts of the H i disks. These inflow rates are about 5–10 times smaller than the average star formation rate of 1.4 M
⊙ yr−1. Our study suggests that there is no clear evidence for systematic radial accretion inflows that alone could feed and sustain the star formation process in the inner regions of local spiral galaxies at its current rate.
Coronal Magnetic Field Measurements along a Partially Erupting Filament in a Solar Flare
Authors: Wei Yuqian , Chen 陈 Bin 彬 , Yu 余 Sijie 思捷 , Wang Haimin , Jing Ju , Gary Dale E.
Published: December 2021

Magnetic flux ropes are the centerpiece of solar eruptions. Direct measurements for the magnetic field of flux ropes are crucial for understanding the triggering and energy release processes, yet they remain heretofore elusive. Here we report microwave imaging spectroscopy observations of an M1.4-class solar flare that occurred on 2017 September 6, using data obtained by the Expanded Owens Valley Solar Array. This flare event is associated with a partial eruption of a twisted filament observed in Hα by the Goode Solar Telescope at the Big Bear Solar Observatory. The extreme ultraviolet (EUV) and X-ray signatures of the event are generally consistent with the standard scenario of eruptive flares, with the presence of double flare ribbons connected by a bright flare arcade. Intriguingly, this partial eruption event features a microwave counterpart, whose spatial and temporal evolution closely follow the filament seen in Hα and EUV. The spectral properties of the microwave source are consistent with nonthermal gyrosynchrotron radiation. Using spatially resolved microwave spectral analysis, we derive the magnetic field strength along the filament spine, which ranges from 600 to 1400 Gauss from its apex to the legs. The results agree well with the nonlinear force-free magnetic model extrapolated from the preflare photospheric magnetogram. We conclude that the microwave counterpart of the erupting filament is likely due to flare-accelerated electrons injected into the filament-hosting magnetic flux rope cavity following the newly reconnected magnetic field lines.
Phantom Braneworld and the Hubble Tension
Authors: Bag Satadru , Sahni Varun , Shafieloo Arman , Shtanov Yuri
Published: December 2021

Braneworld models with induced gravity exhibit phantom-like behavior of the effective equation of state of dark energy. They can, therefore, naturally accommodate higher values of H
0, preferred by recent local measurements while satisfying the cosmic microwave background constraints. We test the background evolution in such phantom braneworld scenarios with the current observational data sets. We find that the phantom braneworld prefers a higher value of H
0 even without the R19 prior, thereby providing a much better fit to the local measurements. Although this braneworld model cannot fully satisfy all combinations of cosmological observables, among existing dark energy candidates the phantom brane provides one of the most compelling explanations of cosmic evolution.
Clinical factors affecting the determination of radiotherapy-induced skin toxicity in breast cancer
Authors: Córdoba Elisa Eugenia , Lacunza Ezequiel , Güerci Alba Mabel
Published: December 2021

Purpose: Radiotherapy is essential for the treatment of breast cancer (BC). However, adverse effects may occur in healthy tissue, during treatment and even after several months. Although it is known that this clinical radiosensitivity is multifactorial, the factors involved are unknown yet. In this study, we evaluated the effect of these factors on the development of radiodermatitis in patients undergoing radiotherapy. Materials and Methods: Demographic and lifestyle data collected during face-to-face interviews of 122 BC patients and data from clinical records were investigated. Most patients underwent conventional three-dimensional radiotherapy treatment. A total dose of 50 Gy was administered (2 Gy/day), followed by a boost in a tumor bed with a total dose of 18 Gy (2 Gy/day). Radiotoxicity was evaluated weekly using the Radiation Therapy Oncology Group classification system (range, 0 to 4, according to the severity). Results: In the present study, 75.4% of patients presented acute skin toxic effects with different degrees of severity. In 25% of cases, these effects manifested at the end of the fourth week at a cumulative dose of 40 Gy. The association of grade ≥2 acute skin reactions with body mass index (BMI) and breast size and between grade 3–4 and age was positive compared with controls. However, the role of the other factors could not be confirmed. Conclusion: Analysis of the factors related to individual radiosensitivity suggests that age, BMI and breast size play an important role in the development of acute skin toxicity during treatment. Particular attention to patients who present these characteristics would help to control treatment effectiveness and therefore optimize their quality of life.
A maximalist approach to the systematics of a biological control agent: Gryon aetherium Talamas, sp. nov. (Hymenoptera, Scelionidae)
Authors: Talamas Elijah J. , Bremer Jonathan S. , Moore Matthew R. , Bon Marie-Claude , Lahey Zachary , Roberts Cheryl G. , Combee Lynn A. , McGathey Natalie , van Noort Simon , Timokhov Alexander V. , Hougardy Evelyne , Hogg Brian
Published: December 2021

A morphological and molecular analysis ofGryonHaliday (Platygastroidea, Scelionidae) was conducted to provide a taxonomic and phylogenetic context for a species under evaluation as a biological control agent ofBagrada hilaris(Burmeister) (Hemiptera, Pentatomidae). Our analysis revealed thatGryonis polyphyletic and that the biological control agent is notG. gonikopalense, a name that was tentatively applied to this species in 2019. We here describe this species as new,Gryon aetheriumTalamassp. nov., and resurrect the generic nameHadronotusFörster. Morphological characters that delimit our concepts ofGryonandHadronotusare presented. Based on morphological characters and multilocus phylogenies, we determined that five presently valid scelionid genera belong withinGryon. In total, 15 species are transferred intoGryonfrom these genera, 215 species are transferred fromGryontoHadronotus, and 6 species are transferred fromGryontoDyscritobaeusPerkins. Specimens collected during field studies in California and reevaluation of specimens determined asG. myrmecophilumin Mexico reveal thatG. aetheriumis adventive in North America.
$ \bar{\partial} $-equation look at analytic Hilbert's zero-locus theorem
Authors: Lv Xiaofen , Xiao Jie , Yuan Cheng
Published: December 2021

Stemming from the Pythagorean Identity $ \sin^2z+\cos^2z = 1 $ and Hörmander's $ L^2 $-solution of the Cauchy-Riemann's equation $ \bar{\partial}u = f $ on $ \mathbb C $, this article demonstrates a corona-type principle which exists as a somewhat unexpected extension of the analytic Hilbert's Nullstellensatz on $ \mathbb C $ to the quadratic Fock-Sobolev spaces on $ \mathbb C $.
A skeleton model to enumerate standard puzzle sequences
Authors: Fu Shishuo , Lu Jiaxi , Ding Yuanzhe
Published: December 2021

Guo-Niu Han [Sémin. Lothar. Comb. 85 (2021) B85c (electronic)] has introduced a new combinatorial object named standard puzzle. We use digraphs to show the relations between numbers in standard puzzles and propose a skeleton model. By this model, we solve the enumeration problem of over fifty thousand standard puzzle sequences. Most of them can be represented by classical numbers, such as Catalan numbers, double factorials, secant numbers and so on. Also, we prove several identities for standard puzzle sequences.
Modelling electricity consumption in Ghana: the role of financial development indicators
Authors: Ansu-Mensah Peter ,   Faculty of Business and Management Studies, Sunyani Technical University, Sunyani, Ghana, Kwakwa Paul Adjei ,   School of Management Sciences and Law, University of Energy and Natural Resources, Sunyani, Ghana
Published: December 2021

Access to electricity is touted as one of the ways of reducing poverty and improving the livelihoods of people. However, an increased consumption may also contribute to higher carbon dioxide emissions. While many studies have therefore assessed the determinants of electricity consumption for developing countries that have a lower electricity consumption and inadequate supply to meet demand, the effect of financial development on electricity consumption has been mixed. Consequently, this study models electricity consumption in Ghana with special attention on the effect of financial development. The results show that price reduces electricity consumption while income and population density increase consumption of electricity. When financial development is represented by domestic credit to private sector, domestic credit to private sector by banks and broad money supply, the effect is negative on electricity consumption. However, the effect is positive when financial development is represented by foreign direct investment. A financial index constructed from the four indicators shows financial development reduces electricity consumption in Ghana. Among other things the policy implication includes the need to formulate appropriate policy based on a specific indicator for financial development.
Searching for Cofitachequi: How English Colonizers Mapped the Native Southeast before 1700
Authors: Edelson S. Max
Published: December 2021

A leur arrivée en Caroline en 1670, les colons anglais s’appuyèrent sur la connaissance que possédaient les Espagnols de la géographie et de l’ethnographie des territoires situés au sud-est de l’Amérique du Nord afin de mieux comprendre les peuples et les lieux se trouvant à l’intérieur du continent. Cet ensemble de textes et de cartes répertoriaient les entradas de De Soto et de Prado et dessinaient un paysage composé de chefferies puissantes, riches et agressives. Les cartographes de la Renaissance et de la première modernité produisirent une iconographie des villes amérindiennes qui rendirent visibles ces caractéristiques sociales. De telles images préparèrent les colons anglais installés en Caroline à des rencontres diplomatiques avec les chefferies amérindiennes, en particulier Cofitachequi, afin de contrer la menace que constituait la Floride espagnole. Cet article analyse deux cartes commandées par les Lords Proprietors de Caroline qui représentaient l’évolution des perceptions de la culture, de la société et des structures politiques amérindiennes. Ce premier contact avec Cofitachequi ayant été pris, les colons anglais purent ainsi affronter un nouveau monde amérindien après l’effondrement de la société mississippienne, monde dominé par des sociétés en voie d’unification.
Staging Atmospheres: Editorial introduction to the second volume
Authors: Déchery Chloé , Welton Martin
Published: December 2021

In this second special issue of Ambiances on Staging Atmospheres, we return to the material and metaphorical felicity by which theatrical performance, design and their reception, present themselves to critical and political thinking in relation to atmosphere. We note, amongst other factors, the particular significance of scenography – at once an intellectual and aesthetic concern – in providing a framework by which to consider the material presence of atmospheres within theatrical events themselves, and by extension, in quotidian and other milieux beyond them. Moreover, we consider how, across the considerable range of examples offered by our contributors, the heuristic of staging is released from a somewhat moribund connection to the ‘stage set’ and instead becomes a process of lived encounters with the affects and affordances of social and material environments.
De l’impossibilité d’évaluer les dispositifs culturels en prison ?
Authors: Rostaing Corinne , Touraut Caroline
Published: December 2021

Cet article propose un retour réflexif sur une expérience de recherche qualitative portant sur une action culturelle menée par un musée au sein d’un établissement pénitentiaire pour longues peines. L’étude processuelle réalisée à partir d’une approche multi-située a rendu compte du sentiment de réussite institutionnelle du partenariat engagé, des satisfactions des détenus et des personnels de surveillance mais aussi de leurs frustrations, des accrocs dans le déroulé du projet et des tensions. Lors de la réception du rapport, le musée nous a fait part d’une demande de reprise en profondeur de ce travail, tant sur la forme que sur le fond. À la suite de la réaction muséale, une réflexion a été engagée sur les difficultés à mener une évaluation d’actions culturelles et à questionner les méthodes permettant de saisir ce qu’ils produisent. Outre l’intérêt d’une démarche scientifique extérieure et d’une perspective qualitative à partir des points de vue de toutes les personnes impliquées, elle a permis de souligner l’importance d’appréhender les effets sur des temporalités plurielles et les apports que permet le croisement d’une sociologie de l’art et d’une sociologie de l’expérience carcérale.
Réalisation de deux expositions partagées au sein d’un établissement pénitentiaire
Authors: Gille Vincent , Maréchal Julien
Published: December 2021

Les programmations culturelles franciliennes à destination des détenus se sont considérablement densifiées au cours des douze dernières années. Cette dynamique a notamment été rendue possible grâce à l’implication du secteur associatif, des artistes et des institutions culturelles dans leur désir de toucher les publics sous main de justice. Parmi les différentes collaborations qui ont vu le jour, plusieurs ont reposé sur le principe des expositions temporaires, contribuant à réinventer les conditions des interventions et les rôles que les personnes détenues peuvent endosser à l’occasion des actions culturelles qui leur sont proposées. Cet article cherche à exposer et faire discuter deux regards professionnels différents sur deux expositions développées au centre pénitentiaire sud francilien entre 2012 et 2016, Le Voyage et Les Misérables.
La politique culturelle conduite par les ministères de la Justice et de la Culture en matière d’accession à la lecture en prison (1981-1996)
Authors: Sanchez Jean-Lucien
Published: December 2021

La volonté de développer l’offre culturelle en prison se traduit à partir des années 1980 par la mise en place d’un partenariat entre les ministères de la Justice et de la Culture. Cet article analyse la genèse de la politique culturelle conduite par les ministères de la Justice et de la Culture à travers la mise en place d’une commission « culture/justice » ainsi qu’une de ses applications effectives en milieu carcéral, celle de la mise en accès direct des bibliothèques pénitentiaires.
CONFIDENCE LEVEL OF A MOTION FEEDBACK SYSTEM FOR ANALYZING EXERCISE TRAINING EFFICACY
Authors: Fang Fei-Li , Wu Yu-Hsueh , Tsai Jeffrey Tzuhao , Jaw Fu-Shan , Ke Yu-Sheng , Hsu Chih-Chao
Published: December 2021

The increase in aged population is a global trend. Inculcating healthy behaviors such as regular exercises in the elderly has a significant impact on the financial and medical burden globally. Moreover, air pollution and the outbreak of the coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) pose a serious threat to public health. In order to improve the health conditions of the population, this study developed a motion feedback system named MoveV that can be used for several indoor training exercises. This system provides instant motion feedback by synchronizing exercise training videos on the website using a motion analysis algorithm that is applicable on smartphones, and a cloud database platform is used to record health behaviors. Feature extraction is performed based on force intensity, motion velocity, and exercise direction. The resultant accuracy of the motion feedback system was tested by a motion science expert and presented as the confidence level. For perfect movement, a confidence level of up to 90.5% was achieved, indicating that the MoveV system was able to record users’ exercise frequency and distinguish whether the user was performing well in the exercise movements. The proposed system is convenient and does not incur additional expenditure by purchasing any new device. Furthermore, it provides visual and voice feedback, companionship, and exercise motivation to the users, all of which are important factors when using online exercise platforms.
Subgingival temperature
Authors: Singh Dhirendra Kumar , Kumar Gunjan
Published: December 2021

The first information since the 2nd century Anno Domini (AD) – when Celsius proposes “calor” (temperature) as one of the cardinal sign of inflammation, Cornelius Celsius, a nonmedico Roman from the first century, who was the first to describe the features of inflammation-redness, swelling, heat, and pain. Of all the cardinal signs of inflammation, the temperature is the only one that can be measured quantitatively and objectively. Furthermore, periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease and should manifest an increase in temperature in the diseased periodontium. The most challenging task in doing the diagnosis and treatment planning periodontal diseases is to predict which periodontal site the disease activity will increase. The routine clinical diagnostic parameters used for predicting and assessing periodontal disease activity are less reliable in predicting disease activity at particular sites. Periodontal pocket depth measurement is inherently inadequate because it fails to distinguish between active and inactive gingival and periodontal disease. Subgingival temperature is a more reproducible method for diagnosing periodontal disease activity, which has been forgotten by clinicians and has formed the concept for this scientific review.

The following core competencies are addressed in this article:

Medical knowledge, Patient care.
The effects of temperature and outcomes of patients presenting to the emergency department with heat-related illness
Authors: Raju Feema , Biju Albin C. , Gunasekaran Karthik , Mannam Pavithra Ratnam , George Krupa , Abhilash Kundavaram Prabhakar
Published: December 2021

Introduction:

In a tropical country like India, heat-related illnesses are a common occurrence in the unforgiving summer months. Our study aimed to study the profile and outcome of patients with heat-related illnesses presenting to the emergency department (ED).

Materials and Methods:

This retrospective, cross-sectional study included all patients with heat-related illnesses to the ED during the months of April, May, and June of 2016. Baseline demographic characteristics, computed tomography (CT) brain findings, and hospital outcome were noted.

Results:

During the 3-month study period, 72 patients presented with heat-related illnesses. Two-thirds (46/72: 63.8%) suffered from heat stroke, whereas one-third (26/72: 36.2%) had heat exhaustion. Classical and exertional types were seen in 46% and 54% of heat strokes, respectively. The mean age (standard deviation) of the patients was 59.7 (13.3) years with a male preponderance (56.9%). Homemakers (37.5%) and manual laborers (20.8%) were most commonly affected. Hypotension at ED arrival was noticed in 20.8% (15/72), whereas tachycardia and tachypnea were noted in 80.5% (58/72) each. The findings on CT of the brain included acute infarcts (5/26: 19.6%) and an intra-cranial bleed (1/26: 3.8%). The mortality rate was 19.5% (14/72).

Conclusion:

Heat-related illnesses cause significant mortality during the relentless hot summers of a tropical country like India. Homemakers and manual labors were the most affected group. Acute changes were seen in CT brain of a quarter of patients with heat stroke.

The following core competencies are addressed in this article:

Patient care, Systems-based practice, Medical knowledge, Practice-based learning and improvement.
Primary Osseous Solitary Fibrous Tumor of C3 Vertebral Body
Authors: Kumar Ashutosh , Srivastava Arun K , Sahu Vipin , Sardhara Jayesh , Pal Lily , Bhaisora Kamlesh Singh , Maurya Ved Prakash , Behari Sanjay
Published: December 2021

Solitary fibrous tumor (SFT) is a recently adopted nomenclature in the 2021 WHO Classification of Central Nervous System Tumors, for a group previously recognized by the hybrid term “hemangiopericytoma/SFT.” This is the third case report of primary osseous cervical SFT and the first case wherein the vertebral body was the origin site. We reviewed the literature for its clinical profile and operative nuances. We also reviewed the possible role of the Ki-67 proliferation index in deciding the need for adjuvant therapy in these cases.
“Crossed C1 Lateral Mass–C2 Subfacetal Screw and Rod Construct” for Atlantoaxial Fixation in Patients with High-Riding Vertebral Artery
Authors: Gopal Vinu V , Kurikkattayil Jose Geo Paul , Balakrishnan Paruvakkattil Kunjan
Published: December 2021

Background:

Goel–Laheri's posterior C1/C2 fixation technique is the gold standard procedure for atlantoaxial dislocation (AAD) and basilar invagination. Coexisitng vertebral artery anomalies such as high-riding vertebral arteries pose an increased risk of vertebral artery injury during instrumentation. Alternate technique for avoiding vertebral artery injury in such cases like translaminar screw fixation had been associated with a high chance for screw pull out, resulting in an unstable construct. This case report introduces a novel, cost-effective technique of atlantoaxial fixation with a “bilateral crossed C1 lateral mass-C2 subfacetal screw and rod construct” in patients with atlantoaxial subluxation with high-riding vertebral arteries.

Case Presentation:

A 63-year-old male presented with complaints of neck pain and difficulty in walking. On physical examination, he had features of high cervical myelopathy. Imaging revealed AAD with bilateral high-riding vertebral arteries. He was treated with “Crossed C1 lateral mass-C2 subfacetal screw and rod fixation” without evidence of vertebral artery injury or neurological deficits. Postoperatively, the patient showed significant improvement in pain and Nurick score.

Conclusions:

This technique has the uniqueness of providing a stable, rigid fixation of the atlantoaxial joint with screws inserted into the C2 body providing good bone purchase and at the same time avoid vertebral artery injury in high riding cases. The surgical technique is demonstrated in a detailed manner in this technical note.
Analiza możliwości wdrożenia szpitalnej oceny technologii medycznych (HB-HTA) na podstawie modelu z koordynującą rolą niezależnej organizacji zewnętrznej
Authors: Bochenek Tomasz , Sobczak Alicja , Szplit Dariusz , Smoleń Agata , Tybińkowska Anna , Farkowski Michał F.
Published: December 2021

Implementation of Hospital-Based Health Technology Assessment (HB-HTA) with the coordinating role of independent external organization

Hospital-Based Health Technology Assessment (HB-HTA) aims to support local decision-making on investing in new health technologies limited to the hospital level. The goal of this study was to prepare and present the strategic functional model of HB-HTA in Poland with coordinating role of an organization labelled as the independent external organization (NOZ). The stakeholders of the HB-HTA process were identified, together with their interests and relations among them, as well as the goals and consequences of health policy in area of implementation of HB-HTA in Poland. The conduct of HB-HTA process was presented, the tasks foreseen for NOZ, its possible organizational forms, barriers, and possibilities of development; as well as the overall capacity of this organization in area of HB-HTA. It is foreseen that the development of HB-HTA in Poland based on NOZ should take place within a positively inclined environment, having a generally positive impact on the health care system, positive prognoses, and opportunities for implementation of HB-HTAh.
Możliwości i bariery wdrożenia systemu HB-HTA na podstawie modelu z koordynującą rolą szpitala
Authors: Kautsch Marcin
Published: December 2021

HB-HTA system implementation based on the model with the coordinating role of hospital

The article presents the concept of the HB-HTA (Hospital-Based Health Technology Assessment) project implementation as one of the options for implementing HB-HTA in Poland. The model involves the creation of structures in selected hospitals dealing with the assessment of technologies that would be implemented in the units. The model is characterized by a small number of stakeholders and their interests do not conflict with one another. The basic condition for the success of the project is the reimbursement of the mentioned technologies, which would allow financing the described activities. The implementation of the project requires, above all, specialized staff (already present on the market), supported by appropriate technical and organizational solutions. The implementation of the project in the proposed version should bring benefits in the entire healthcare system – im­proved access to services, as well as improved quality of hospital management and improved financial results of the hospitals and the system itself.
Model funkcjonalny HB-HTA z koordynującą rolą Agencji Oceny Technologii Medycznych i Taryfikacji
Authors: Gruczek Justyna , Macioch Tomasz , Słomka Marta , Zawada Anna
Published: December 2021

The functional model of the Hospital-Based Health Technology Assessment (HB-HTA) with the coordinating role of the Agency of the Health Technology Assessment and Tariff Systems

The article presents the functional model of the HB-HTA (Hospital-Based Health Technology Assessment) project implementation with coordinating role of the Agency of the Health Technology Assessment and Tariff Systems.
Nowo odnaleziony autograf Tomasza Tretera. Notatnik z projektem księgi emblematów
Authors: Bielak Alicja
Published: December 2021

A Newly Discovered Autograph by Tomasz Treter: A Notebook with a Design of a Book of Emblems

The goal of the paper is to present the attribution and codicological analysis of a manu- script currently stored at Biblioteca civica Angelo Mai in Bergamo (sign. MM 378). The paper describes the manuscript codicologically, also hypothesizing as to its presence in the Bergamo library. Based on a manuscript annotation on the codex’s upper pastedown, I argue that it was intended as a gift for one of the Załuski family. On the basis of the printed correspondence between Józef Andrzej Załuski and Angelo Maria Querini, it may be assumed that Codex MM 378 was among the parcels containing manuscripts from the circle of Stanisław Hosius that the Italian librarian intended to send to Załuski. The boxes with the codices never reached the Polish librarian due to the tardiness of the messenger, Jacques David Frédéric Perard. It is claimed here that both the inscriptions and images in the code are authored by Tomasz Treter. The manuscript’s attribution was based on palaeographic analysis (comparing the handwriting with Treter’s epistolography stored in the archives in Kraków and Olsztyn). According to the dates included in the code, the inscriptions were made between 20 June 1569 and 2 March 1575. The manu- script thus represents the earliest known evidence of Treter’s artistic activity. The auto- graph contains some previously unknown emblems by Treter, and a preliminary design of the emblem work Symbolica vitae Christi meditatio (published 1612). As many as 51 sketches in the manuscript overlap with the emblematic icons of the 1612 printing, all of which are more symbolic (hieroglyphic) representations of Christian virtues known from Treter’s printing, while there are no sketches of icons in the printed book refer- ring to specific biblical scenes. Therefore, there is still uncertainty about the authorship of these compositions, which also differ in the quality of rendition from the previously mentioned ones. Comparing the autograph with the artist’s later published work offers insight into his technique. The drawings in the manuscript show very clear inspiration of Claude Paradin, Gabriel Syméon, Aneau Barthélemy and Andrea Alciato, which is not always conspicuous in the printed version. The analysis includes the final note, mention- ing imprese with the painter Lorenzo Lotto, which explains correspondences between this artist’s work and the emblems from Symbolica vitae Christi meditatio.