bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Impact Flux on the Moon
Authors: Xiao Zhiyong , Di Kaichang , Xie Minggang , Yue Zongyu , Lin Yangting , Chang Yiren , Wang Yichen , Luo Fanglu , Xu Rui , Ouyang Hanxing
Published: March 2024

The crust of the Moon records the complete history of collisions by different-sized projectiles from various sources since its early solidification. Planetary bodies in the inner Solar System experienced similar sources of impactors, and the Moon is an ideal witness plate for the impact history. Impact flux on the Moon connects planetary endogenic evolution with orbital dynamics of celestial bodies, and the resulting crater chronology enables remote age estimation for geological units on extraterrestrial bodies. Therefore, defining the lunar impact history has long been a core pursuit in planetary sciences. Ubiquitous impact structures on the Moon and their widespread impact melt deposits are the major agents used to untangle lunar crater chronology. Anchored by 10 successful sample return missions from the Moon, cumulative crater densities were derived for 15 geological units based on their interpreted exposure ages (~3.92 Ga to 25 Ma) and superposed crater densities. Afterword, crater production rates in the entire history of the Moon were constructed on the basis of hypothesized change patterns of impact flux. Following this commonly adapted strategy, it has been a consensus that impact flux in the first billion years of the lunar history was orders of magnitude larger than that afterward, and the latter was not only more or less stable but also punctuated by discrete spikes. However, different versions of lunar crater chronology exist because of insufficient constraints by available anchor points and widespread disagreements on both sample ages and crater densities of existing anchor points. Endeavors from various disciplines (e.g., sample analyses, remote observation, and modeling crater formation and accumulation) are making promising progresses, and future sample return missions with both optimized sampling strategy and analyzing techniques are appealed to fundamentally improve the understanding of lunar impact flux.
The Production of Solid Wastes in CELSS and the Difficulties in Recycling by Composting: A Review
Authors: Zhou Chenjunnan , Xu Zhao , Wang Lingxiao , Qiao Rulu , Li Yanming , Chang Ruixue , Ai Weidang
Published: March 2024

During space missions, various waste products are produced. Recyclable waste can be treated by aerobic composting to achieve in situ recycling. Considering the limited logistics supply in the Controlled Ecological Life Support System (CELSS), waste recycling should reduce energy consumption and material carrying pressure, increase recycling efficiency, and improve the quality of the daily life of astronauts. However, current composting technology often has polluting gas emissions in the case of limited oxygen (O
2
) consumption. Therefore, this review aims to distill available information about aerospace mission waste production and its treatment methods, analyze the influencing factors of composting, and summarize optimal O
2
demand of aerobic composting of aerospace biomass waste. It also aims to define optimal O
2
demand of each stage of aerobic composting of organic waste in order to achieve a low O
2
consumption composting technology for the extraterrestrial planet base. The main recyclable wastes (feces, food residue, and non-edible parts of plants or crops) generated in CELSS are expected to be 0.13 kg, 0.31 kg, and 2.12 kg/person/day, which requires 0.173 to 0.692 kg of O
2
for the normal composting process. Due to the change of the degradation rate at different stages, the O
2
demand of each stage is different. In detail, the different stages for varying O
2
requirements are the heating period: 0.022 to 0.032 L
.
kg
−1.
dry matter (DM)
.
min
−1
, the thermophilic period: 0.027 to 0.05 L
.
kg
−1.
DM
.
min
−1
, and the cooling period: 0.006 to 0.02 L
.
kg
−1.
DM
.
min
−1
. The O
2
demand of aerospace biomass waste compost could be 0.022 to 0.153 L
.
kg
−1.
DM
.
min
−1
. Adequate O
2
supply according to these requirements could reduce O
2
consumption and potential pollutant emission.
Provisional Geologic Map of the Gold Hill Quadrangle, Tooele County, Utah (GIS Reproduction of UGS Map 140 [1993])
Authors: Robinson James P.
Published: March 2024

The Gold Hill quadrangle is on the northern end of the Deep Creek Range, approximately 65 kilometers (40 miles) south southeast of Wendover, Utah and 20 kilometers (12 miles) east of the Nevada border. The Deep Creek Range is a north-trending fault-bounded range exemplifying the ranges in the northern Basin and Range physiographic province. Dutch Mountain, approximately 7.2 kilometers (4.5 miles) north-northwest of Gold Hill town, is the highest point in the Gold Hill quadrangle at 2,372 meterc (7,794 feet). Lowlands, south of Dutch Mountain and west of Gold Hill town, range in elevation from 1,877 meters (6,160 feet) to 1,582 meters (5,190 feet) and are, in part, underlain by a pediment eroded on Eocene quartzmonzonite and Paleozoic strata. In the northeastern corner of the quadrangle, surficial deposits of Pleistocene Lake Bonneville occur at elevations ranging from 1,591 meters (5,220 feet) to 1 ,292 meters (4,240 feet). Abrupt boundaries between the mountains and lowlands in the Gold Hill quadrangle are illustrative of Basin and Range physiography.
Bounds for Weierstrass Elliptic Function and Jacobi Elliptic Integrals of First and Second Kinds
Authors: Uwamusi Stephen Ehidiamhen
Published: March 2024

The Weierstrass elliptic function is presented in connection with the Jacobi elliptic integrals of first and second kinds leading to comparing coefficients appearing in the Laurent series expansion with those of Eisenstein series for the cubic polynomial in the meromorphic Weierstrass function.

It is unified in the formulation the Weierstrass elliptic function with Jacobi elliptic integral by considering motion of a unit mass particle in a cubic potential in terms of bounded and unbounded velocities and the time of flight with imaginary part in the complex function playing a major role. Numerical tools box used are the Konrad-Gauss quadrature and Runge-Kutta fourth order method.
Quantifying Ruin Metrics in a Diffusion-Driven Erlang (2) Risk Model with Dependency Modeled using the Spearman Copula.
Authors: Ouedraogo François Xavier , Kabir Kafando Delwendé Abdoul , Bere Frédéric , Nitiema Pierre Clovis
Published: March 2024

This paper focuses on the perturbation of an Erlang (2) risk model by a diffusion process, challenging the assumption of independence between claim amounts and inter claim durations. To account for a tail dependency structure, we introduce the Spearman copula, enabling the evaluation of Gerber-Shiu functions and ruin probabilities associated with this model. Our analysis delves into the Laplace transforms of the discounted penalty function and the probability of ruin. Towards the conclusion, explicit expressions are derived, accompanied by numerical examples illustrating ruin probabilities for individual claim sizes with exponential distributions.
Tetraspanin CD9 peptides for membrane disruptive on P. aeruginosa
Authors: Murad Khairiyah , Ab-Rahim Sharaniza , Al-Talib Hassanain
Published: March 2024

The rapid development of multidrug-resistant strains and nosocomial P. aeruginosa infections pose a growing threat in the clinical setting. Tetraspanin CD9 peptides has demonstrated the antimicrobial activity against various gram-positive and -negative bacteria. Recently, CD9 peptides have shown anti-adhesion properties against P. aeruginosa isolates. In this study, we investigated the effect of CD9 peptides on the membrane of P. aeruginosa by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The result shows the CD9 peptides cause disruption of the membrane of P. aeruginosa. In addition to the established antibacterial properties, this work reveals that tetraspanin CD9 peptides, a membrane-disrupting drug, could possibly be used as an additional treatment approach against P. aeruginosa. Future research should incorporate confocal microscopy to locate the bacterial matrix components and distinguish between living and dead P. aeruginosa upon the treatment with CD9 peptides.
Neuropädiatrie – “The old, the new and the old made new”
Authors: Cornaz Buros Sandrine
Published: March 2024

Die Neuropädiatrie hat in den letzten Jahren einen Wandel von einer mehrheitlich diagnostischen Disziplin zu einem Gebiet mit einer Vielzahl an therapeutischen Entwicklungen durchgemacht. Das zunehmende Verständnis der Pathophysiologie und Molekularbiologie neurologischer Erkrankungen hat zur Einführung von neuen Therapien geführt, die direkt in den Pathomechanismus eingreifen.
Neuropédiatrie – “The old, the new and the old made new”
Authors: Cornaz Buros Sandrine
Published: March 2024

Ces dernières années la neuropédiatrie a évolué d’une discipline principalement diagnostique à un domaine avec de multiples développements thérapeutiques. Dans le sillon des connaissances croissantes de la physiopathologie et biologie moléculaire des maladies neurologiques, ont été introduits de nouveaux traitements s’attaquant directement aux mécanismes pathologiques.
Heavy metal determination in agricultural soil collected from Brăila County
Authors: Sion Alina , Ene Antoaneta , Pătrașcu Ariana
Published: March 2024

This is a study conducted on agricultural soil collected from village of Dudescu, Zăvoaia Commune, Însurăței City, Brăila County. In this case soybeans, sunflowers, corn and wheat have been cultivated prior the soil sampling. The soil was analyzed using an ED-XRF and the results indicated, in general, elements concentrations within normal values, indicating a good soil quality. The exceptions in this study, which have exceeded the normal legal values, were: chromium (Cr), nickel (Ni) and arsenic (As). To assess the level of soil pollution, different types of indexes were calculated such as the migration index (MI) and the ecological risk potential (RI).
Evaluation of Academic Self-Efficiency, Community Feeling, and Academic Achievement of Students in the Process of the Covid-19 Pandemic by Data Mining Techniques
Authors: Karabatak Songül , Yıldırım Özal , Karabatak Murat
Published: March 2024

Thanks to the advancement of technology, vast amounts of data are being generated in various fields on a daily basis. The research on identifying hidden patterns and extracting useful information from big data has become increasingly important. In the field of education, the availability of large datasets has allowed for the emergence of data mining techniques as an alternative to traditional statistical methods. Unlike traditional statistical methods, data mining can uncover hidden relationships between variables, thus avoiding the loss of valuable information and enabling the utilization of essential data in education. By unlocking valuable insights and predicting important relationships, educational data mining (EDM) has the potential to enhance and improve the quality of education. This study aims to demonstrate the predictive power of EDM through a sample application and draw attention to its implications. The dataset used in this study consists of survey responses collected from university students. The variables in the dataset include academic self-efficacy, sense of community, academic achievement averages, and various demographic variables of distance education students. Descriptive modeling was employed to identify latent patterns between variables, while a predictive model was utilized to estimate variables. In order to achieve this, both association rule mining and classification algorithms were employed. The findings of this study indicate that EDM can effectively identify relationships between variables and make accurate predictions.
Evrişimsel Sinir Ağları Kullanarak ÇKA Sınıflandırıcısı ile Mide Displazisinin Tespiti
Authors: Sağıroğlu Seda , Arslan Tuncer Seda , Karahan Birgül , Özercan İbrahim Hanifi
Published: March 2024

Son yıllarda Dünya’da ve Türkiye’de yapılan araştırmalarda da görüldüğü üzere mide kanseri diğer kanser türlerine oranla ilk sıralarda yer almaktadır. Tespit edilme açısından da oldukça zorluk çekilen bir kanser türü olarak bilinmektedir. Mide displazisi, midenin iç yüzeyini kaplayan hücrelerin normal şekilde büyümesini ve gelişmesini durdurmasıdır. Bu hücreler, kontrolsüz bir şekilde büyümeye ve çoğalmaya başlarlar, sonrasında mide kanserine dönüşmektedirler. Bu hastalığı kansere dönüşmeden en aza indirgeyebilmek temel hedeftir. Mide displazisi düşük dereceli ve yüksek dereceli displazi olmak üzere iki şekilde ayrılır. Yüksek dereceli displazi, kanserin bir öncesidir. Bu yüzden mide displazinin tanı ve tedavisi için erken dönemde teşhis son derece önem taşımaktadır. Bu çalışmada, mide displazinin tespiti için derin öğrenme ve evrişimsel sinir ağları teknikleri kullanılarak displazi durumunun erken evrede tespiti amaçlanmaktadır. Çalışmada histopatolojik görüntüler üzerinde birden fazla Evrişimsel Sinir Ağları (ESA) modeli kullanılarak özellik çıkarma işlemi yapılmıştır. Hasta ve sağlıklı olmak üzere iki etiket sınıfına ayrılan veri derin öğrenme mimarileri ve sınıflandırıcılar yardımıyla karşılaştırılmıştır.
Tek Katmanlı Çelik Uzay Kafes Kubbe Sistemlerinin Yapısal Performansının İncelenmesi
Authors: Hayalioğlu M. Sedat , Bektaş Mehmet Ali
Published: March 2024

Çelik kubbe sistemleri, geniş açıklıkları en az taşıyıcı eleman gereksinimi duyarak yapılan çatı örtü sistemleridir. Bu kubbe sistemlerinden biri olan tek katmanlı kubbe sistemleri, geometrik ve tasarımsal özelliklerinden dolayı farklı bir yapısal performans sergilemektedirler. Bu nedenle, gerilme dağılımını doğru bir şekilde anlamamız ve tasarımı buna göre yapmamız gerekmektedir. Bu makalede, tek katmanlı çelik uzay kafes kubbe sisteminin analizi ve tasarımı üzerine yapılan bir çalışmanın sonuçları sunulmaktadır. Eurocode-1 ve Türkiye Bina Deprem Yönetmeliği 2018 esas alınarak yapıya etki eden yüklerin hesaplamaları ve AISC 360-10 yönetmeliğine uygun boyutlandırmalar gerçekleştirilmiştir. Daha sonra kritik gerilme oluşan çubukların kesit kontrolleri Çelik Yapıların Tasarım, Hesap ve Yapım Esaslarına Dair Yönetmeliğine göre kontrol edilmiştir. Bulgular, kubbe sisteminin çember kirişlerinin etek bölgelerinde en yüksek çekme, tepe bölgelerinde ise en yüksek basınç gerilmelerine sahip olduğunu ve asimetrik yük altında çubukların farklı gerilmelere maruz kalabileceğini göstermektedir. Ayrıca AISC 360-10 ile Çelik Yapıların Tasarım, Hesap ve Yapım Esaslarına Dair Yönetmeliğinin birbirine çok yakın ve benzer sonuçlar verdiği görülmüştür. Bu çalışma, tek katmanlı kubbe sistemleriyle ilgilenen mühendisler için önemli bir rehber niteliği taşımakta olup, yapı tasarımında kubbe geometrisinden kaynaklanan çekme ve basınç gerilmelerinin göz önünde bulundurulması gerektiğini vurgulamaktadır.
Autonomous Vehicle Technology and Technology Acceptance: The Role of Technological Readiness on Consumers' Attitudes Towards Driverless Cars and Intention to Use in the Future
Authors: Bilici Fatih , Türkoğlu İbrahim Kürşad
Published: March 2024

Autonomous (driverless) cars, which have entered the automotive industry with the developments in automotive and the advancement of artificial intelligence technologies, are rapidly finding a place in the marketing field. At this point, there are factors affecting consumers' concerns and willingness to use autonomous vehicles. In order to discover these factors, the readiness of consumers and the aspects in which they are ready for this technology are issues that need to be investigated. As a result of this situation, consumers' readiness to use autonomous vehicles, their attitudes toward using them, and their intentions to use them in the future are essential. This study aims to reveal the factors affecting consumers' attitudes and intentions towards using autonomous cars. Research data was collected via an online survey method. The convenience sampling method was used in the research. The research model was tested by structural equation modeling using Smart PLS. As a result of the research, it was found that discomfort and distrust dimensions significantly and negatively affected consumers' attitudes towards usage. It was found that the dimensions of optimism, innovativeness, and anthropomorphism significantly and positively affected consumers' attitudes toward use, and users' attitudes towards use significantly and positively affected their intention to use. The research results show that brands that put autonomous cars on the market should give importance to improvements in the dimensions of optimism, innovation, and anthropomorphism and should make improvements that will eliminate consumers' discomfort and insecurity.
Farklı Polimerlerle Modifiye Edilmiş Asfalt Bağlayıcıların MSCR Testi Kullanarak Yüksek Sıcaklık Performanslarının Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: Yalçın Erkut , Yilmaz Mehmet
Published: March 2024

Bu çalışmada çoklu gerilme uygulaması sonrası sünme-elastik geri dönme (MSCR) deneyleri kullanılarak farklı katkı maddelerinin asfalt bağlayıcıların gerilme kaynaklı davranışı üzerindeki etkileri araştırılmıştır. Saf asfalt bağlayıcı farklı oranlarda SBS, 611 ve 701 polimerleri ile modifiye edilmiştir. Deney 6 farklı sıcaklıkta gerçekleştirilmiş ve her döngüde sünme geri dönme uyumu (Jnr) ve geri kazanım yüzdesi (R) hesaplanmıştır. Ortalama Jnr ve ortalama R değerleri de farklı gerilme seviyelerinde hesaplanmıştır. Bulgular, tüm modifiye bağlayıcılar için daha yüksek gerilme seviyelerinin daha belirgin doğrusal olmayan davranışla ilişkili olduğunu göstermiştir. Özellikle modifiye bağlayıcılar hem düşük hem de yüksek gerilme seviyelerinde artan sıcaklıklara karşı esnek özellik sergilemiştir. Ayrıca, elastic geri dönme değerleri farklı sıcaklıklarda her üç bağlayıcıda da katkı maddesinin artmasıyla artmıştır. Saf bağlayıcının elastic geri dönme özelliklerini geliştirme noktasında en iyi katkı maddesi 611 olarak belirlenmiştir.
Anomaly Detection in Meteorological Data Using a Hierarchical Temporal Memory Model: A Study on the Case of Kazakhstan
Authors: Karaoğlan Kürşat Mustafa , Fındık Oğuz , Başaran Erdal
Published: March 2024

In meteorology, which studies atmospheric events, data representing various properties such as temperature, rainfall, and wind speed are collected regularly over a certain period. Unexpected trends in the data may indicate that an abnormal situation is approaching. Therefore, time series (TS) data play an essential role in the early detection of potential meteorological risks. However, applying effective models by considering many complex parameters in performing accurate analysis and anomaly detection (AD) is an important criterion. In this study, machine learning-based AD is performed using a dataset containing meteorological data on different features collected between January 1, 2019, and June 30, 2023, for Kazakhstan, which has the ninth-largest surface area in the world. The Hierarchical Temporal Memory (HTM) model was used for AD, which can provide more accurate forecasts by modeling long-term dependencies and producing effective results in solving TS problems. Detected anomalies are reported at various levels depending on threshold values. In addition, to analyze the ADs more precisely, correlations are calculated using the Spearman model, which allows us to determine the strength and direction of the monotonic relationship between variables. The study's findings show that the HTM is an effective model for AD using TS data on meteorological features.
Cilt Kanseri Görüntüleri Kullanılarak Eğitilen EfficientNet-B3 Mimarisinde Hiperparametre Seçiminin Sınıflandırma Performansına Etkisinin İncelenmesi
Authors: Karli Ahmet Bahadır , Kaya Buket
Published: March 2024

Bu çalışmada cilt kanserini tespit etmek için derin öğrenme tekniklerini kullanan EfficienNetB3 gibi mimarilerin performanslarını görmek için cilt lezyonlarını içeren HAM10000 veri seti ile çalışma yapılmıştır. Bu çalışmada derin öğrenmede, öğrenme oranının görüntü sınıflandırmada kullanılan evrişimli sinir ağlarını kullanan mimariler üzerindeki etkisini görmek için uygulamalar yapılmıştır. Bu uygulamalar öğrenme oranının, veri setinin büyüklüğü ve çeşitliliği ve eğitimde kullanılan görüntü sayıları ile birlikte artırılmış görüntü sayılarının hem sınıflandırmadaki başarıya hem de eğitim için geçen süreye etkisini görmek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Mimari olarak EfficientNetB3 ve veri seti olarak ta Kaggle platformunda açık erişimi olan HAM10000 veri seti kullanılmıştır. Çalışmanın sonunda, mümkün olduğu kadar artırılmış görüntü kullanmadan ve her bir hastalık sınıfına ait 600 görüntü olacak şekilde, 0,002 öğrenme oranı ve 10 yerine epoch 15 alınarak beşinci uygulamada en yüksek 0.8234 doğruluk performansı elde edilmiştir.
Afetlerden Etkilenen Çocuk ve Gençlere Yönelik Kültür ve Sanat Temelli Psikososyal Müdahalelerin Psikolojik ve Sosyal Uyum Üzerindeki Etkisi
Authors: Daşçı Esra
Published: March 2024

Ülkemizin afet ve krizlere açık olduğu gerçeği ile sürekli yüzleşsek de gerekli önlem ve müdahalelerle ilgili yeterince gelişme kaydedemediğimiz hem alan yazında hem de uygulamalarda dikkat çekmektedir. Özellikle afetlerden sonra ortaya çıkan kısa ve uzun dönem olumsuz psikolojik etkilerin iyileştirilmesini amaçlayan psikososyal destek ve müdahalelerin eksikliği sıklıkla vurgulanmaktadır. Çalışmalar, psikososyal müdahalelerin sıklıkla psikolojik ilk yardıma ve akademik çalışmaya yönelik olması, kırılgan grupları göz ardı etmeleri ve kanıta dayalı gerçekleştirilmemeleri bakımından eleştirilmektedirler. Nüfusun büyük bir kısmını oluşturan kırılgan gruplardan biri olan çocuk ve gençlere yönelik müdahalelerin eksikliğinin büyük bir risk faktörü olarak karşımıza çıktığını görebiliyoruz. Bu doğrultuda, mevcut makale öncelikle afetlerin bireyler üzerindeki kısa ve uzun dönem psikolojik etkilerini; sonrasında özellikle bu etkilerin kırılgan grupları nasıl etkilediğine; en kalabalık kırılgan grup olan çocuk ve gençlere yönelik psikososyal müdahale programlarına odaklanmaktadır. Dünyadaki ve Türkiye’deki örnekleri odağına alarak özellikle kültür ve sanat temelli psikososyal müdahale programlarının çocuk ve gençlerin afetten sonraki sosyal uyumlarına etkisi tartışılmıştır. Son olarak, araştırmalar ve uygulamalar doğrultusunda afetler ve krizlerden sonra çocuk ve gençlere yönelik geliştirilecek psikososyal müdahale programlarına yönelik öneriler sunulmaktadır.
Ein virtueller Brückenschlag aus der europäischen Universitätsgeschichte in die Zukunft der Universität Passau
Authors: Münkler Herfried
Published: March 2024

Über die Universität nachzudenken, erfordert einen Blick in ihre Geschichte. Auch wenn heute kaum mehr jemand im emphatischen Sinne daran glaubt, dass eine „Institution nur so lange funktionsfähig bleibt, wie sie die ihr innewohnende Idee lebendig verkörpert“ (Habermas 1986, 703), so ist doch ein Blick auf die Geschichte dieser besonderen Institution Universität nicht zu vermeiden. Der Autor hat dafür die Metapher des Teleskops in seinem Beitrag vorgeschlagen. Die Universität von heute hat nicht einfach ihre früheren Gestalten hinter sich gelassen, sondern in sich aufgehoben. Die Metapher des Teleskops evoziert auch den historischen Tiefenblick, mit der vergangene Formen universitären Lebens vergegenwärtigt und danach befragt werden können, welche Relevanz sie heute noch haben. Auch Münkler stellt mit seinem Durchgang durch verschiedene historische Etappen fest, dass die Humboldt’sche Universität „immer mehr in die Defensive gerade ist“. Diese Krise habe sich beschleunigt, indem immer neue Anforderungen von außen in die Universität getragen wurden. (DIPF/Orig.)
Disziplinarität zwischen Wissenschaft und Universität
Authors: Henkel Anna
Published: March 2024

Aus einer soziologischen Perspektive zeigt sich die Universität zunächst einmal als eine formale Organisation mit einer spezifischen Stellenstruktur, einer spezifischen institutionellen Verfasstheit und mit spezifischen Organisationszielen, namentlich der Durchführung von Forschung und Lehre. Anders als andere formale Organisationen ist sie besonders ausgerichtet auf den gesellschaftlichen Bereich der wissenschaftlichen Kommunikation. Wissenschaft stellt sozusagen die besondere Umwelt der Organisation Universität dar. Ein Wandel der Wissenschaft wird also genauso Auswirkungen auf die Organisation Universität haben, wie Universität das mit hervorbringen wird, was dann als Wissenschaft gilt. (DIPF/Orig.)
Universität und Wahrheit
Authors: Zehnpfennig Barbara
Published: March 2024

Die Universität als „Hüter der Wahrheit“ und als Agentin der „Interessen der Allgemeinheit“, diese These entfaltet die Autorin in ihrem Beitrag. Sie begreift die Universität als Ort der entschiedenen Wahrheitssuche jenseits des bloßen Meinens und der Grundhaltung des Relativismus. Der wissenschaftliche Erkenntnisprozess benötigt einen solchen Maßstab. (DIPF/Orig.)
Alle Macht dem Präsidium! Von der Herrschaft der Ordinarien zur unternehmerischen und total administrierten Universität?
Authors: Münch Richard
Published: March 2024

Der Autor stellt einen Trend der umfassenden Ökonomisierung der Universität fest und kann dies auch mit einem beeindruckenden empirischen Material untermauern. Er diagnostiziert zum ersten einen zunehmenden institutionellen Wettbewerb zwischen den Universitäten (den individuellen Wettbewerb zwischen den Wissenschaftlerinnen und Wissenschaftlern gibt es schon lange und er ist ein wesentliches Element des wissenschaftlichen Erkenntnisfortschritts). Zum zweiten stellt er eine „zunehmende Überlagerung der internen durch die externe Qualitätssicherung“ fest. Drittens stellt er den Aufstieg der Drittmittel-Universität fest, was zur Bildung von Forschungsteams und Forschungsverbünden führt. Damit wird die Einzelforschung überlagert. In der Summe würden diese drei Trends zu einer Überausstattung der Spitzenuniversitäten und einer Unterausstattung in der Breite führen. (DIPF/Orig.)
Die Universität und die Grenzen des Wettbewerbs
Authors: Fitz Karsten
Published: March 2024

Der Autor spricht sich in seinem Beitrag gegen eine Einführung des Wettbewerbs zwischen Universität und gegen die Ausrichtung am Leitbild der „unternehmerischen Universität“ aus. (DIPF/Orig.)
Serendipität und Funktionalität?
Authors: Beumers Birgit
Published: March 2024

In ihrer Replik auf Thomas Girst macht Birgit Beumers deutlich, welche eminente Bedeutung dieser Umweg – sie verbindet ihn mit Neugier, Zufall, Spürsinn, der Beschäftigung mit riskanten Fragen – für den Forschungsprozess auch heute noch hat. Ohne Neugier, ohne Umwege gibt es keine neuen Erkenntnisse. Ohne Neugier, dem Nachspüren und den zufälligen Funden gibt es für die Studierenden keine Erfüllung. – Wer sich nur der verschulten Taktung hingibt, bleibt unter seinen Möglichkeiten, so auch Thomas Girst. (DIPF/Orig.)
Ambivalenzen von Informatik und Digitalisierung
Authors: Gernler Alexander von
Published: March 2024

Der Autor plädiert für eine Stärkung der Verantwortung der Wissenschaft. Die Universitäten müssen sich als Botschafterinnen in die Gesellschaft begreifen. Er verdeutlicht dies für das Fach Informatik. Es würde eben nicht reichen, nur „Arbeitskräfte für die Wirtschaft“ auszubilden. (DIPF/Orig.)
Wie wissenschaftsskeptische Gegenöffentlichkeiten neue Medien nutzen
Authors: Töpfl Florian
Published: March 2024

Der Autor macht auf wissenschaftsskeptische „Gegenöffentlichkeiten“ in den neuen Medien aufmerksam. Er fordert dazu auf, „wissenschaftsskeptische Nutzerkommentare“ die zunehmend sowohl in den alten als auch in den neuen Medien vorkommen, nicht als Ausdruck der öffentlichen Meinung zu nehmen. (DIPF/Orig.)
Report on ‚The Central & Eastern European Forum 2024’ conference
Authors: Pesuth Tamás , Grébel Szabolcs
Published: March 2024

The Central & Eastern European Forum 2024, organised by Euromoney, took place in Viennafrom 16-17 January 2024.In this report, we shed light on the economic trends and challenges in the region, based on the panel discussions at the two-day Euromoney conference. The conference highlighted a number of key issues and featured a number of leading speakers from government and business.
Lembranças de um vazio
Authors: Pandini Diorgenes
Published: March 2024

Este ensaio explora um arquivo fotojornalístico com uma abordagem poética, usando imagens com personagens em luzes estouradas para representar o autoapagamento do autor, em meio à depressão e à precarização profissional. Também aborda mudanças no jornalismo, resultando em demissões, incluindo a do autor, enquanto busca decifrar uma mensagem oculta por meio desses desvios acidentais.
Methodology for determining the direction in improving the firearms training of police officers
Authors: Ivanov Dmitry , Polyansky Peter
Published: March 2024

Introduction. The research is devoted to the development of a methodology aimed at identifying the weak points of firearms training of officers of internal affairs bodies of the Russian Federation in order to draw attention to certain components of shooting technique to take them into account in training process to improve weapon handling skills. The subject of the research is the methodology of determining the profile of police officers’ competence. The object of the research is the firearms training of internal affairs officers of the Russian Federation. Methods. The following methods were used in solving the research issues: analysis of scientific and methodological literature and documentary resources, observation, pedagogical testing, methods of mathematical statistics. Results. The authors present the results of the level of firearms training of police officers in accordance with performing a shooting exercise. The authors made a comparative analysis of the results of the shooting exercise in accordance with the model values. At the end of the research, the main directions of improving the firearms training of police officers depending on gender differences are revealed. Scientific novelty consists in the substantiation of the methodology for determining the direction of improving the firearms training of police officers and identifying weak points in performing technical elements of the studied exercise.
Prevention of vandal behaviour of students in the educational environment
Authors: Vorobyeva Irina , Matveeva Alena , Mazurchuk Ekaterina
Published: March 2024

Introduction. Within the research, the concepts of “vandalism” and “vandal behavior” were considered, and the psychological characteristics of personality determining vandal actions among adolescents were identified. The authors emphasise the destructive consequences of these actions, but their motives and content may differ significantly. Special attention is paid to the problems of the spread of vandal behaviour in the youth environment (the environment of students). The results of theoretical analysis show that in modern practice there is a shortage of vandalism prevention programmes, which is considered as the issue of the research. Methods. The research involved 354 schoolchildren from 8 federal subjects of the Russian Federation. The empirical data were collected remotely, using four standardised diagnostic techniques. The obtained data were processed using the methods of mathematical and statistical data analysis (frequency analysis, descriptive statistics, comparative analysis, regression analysis). Results. The findings revealed that acts of school vandalism indicate not only shortcomings of the educational environment itself, but can also be a signal of a number of psychological problems among particular students. Thus, preventive work in educational organisations should include prevention of vandalism and take into account typical mechanisms that influence such behaviour among adolescents, such as aggressive behavioural strategies and lack of personal goals in life. Based on the empirical data obtained, the authors identified the main directions of vandalism prevention in the educational environment, clarified and substantiated specific forms of preventive work.
The structure of personal responsibility of cadets of educational establishments of the Federal Penal Correction Service of Russia
Authors: Sorokoumova Svetlana , Zargarov Aleksander , Ganishina Irina
Published: March 2024

Introduction. The article presents theoretical and empirical analysis of the problem of personal responsibility in national and foreign psychological works. The results of the study of personal responsibility of cadets of educational establishments of the Federal Penal Correction Service of Russia are described. The aim of the research was to identify the structural elements of personal responsibility of cadets of educational establishments of the Federal Penal Correction Service of Russia. The empirical study was conducted at the Academy of Law and Management of the Federal Penal Correction Service of Russia. The participants were 165 cadets representing courses 1 to 5. Each course covered 33 respondents. The scientific problem is to study the personal responsibility of cadets of the educational establishment of the Federal Penal Correction Service of Russiaand to determine its structural elements. Research methods and techniques. To determine the structural elements of personal responsibility of cadets of educational establishments of FSIN of Russia the following methods and techniques were used: “Multidimensional functional diagnostics of responsibility-110 (“OTV-110”)” (V. P. Pryadein,O. V. Mukhlynina); “A Shortened “Basic English” Version (Form C) of the 16 PF Questionnaire” (R. Kettell); “Motivation of success and fear of failure” (A. A. Rean); “Moral reliability questionnaire (MRQ)” (E. Yu.Strizhov); “Test-questionnaire of selfattitude – SAR” (V. V. Stolin, S. R. Pantileev). The research revealed: the structure of personal responsibility of cadets of educational organisations of the Federal Penitentiary Service of Russia includes: 1) regulatory and dynamic components; 2) personal components; 3) motivational and semantic components. The regulatory and dynamic component comprises ergidity, stenicity, and internality. The personal component is made up of emotional stability, self-attitude, self-control of emotional reactions, the level of empathy, the ability to solve personal and operational difficulties. The motivational and semantic component includes sociocentricity, meaningfulness, recognition of responsibility to norms, understanding of the need to comply with norms, and the level of achievement motivation.
Legal status of the constitutional right to social security in the complex of related concepts
Authors: Pirozhkova Irina , Popov Alexey
Published: March 2024

Introduction. The article analyses the legal nature of the human right to social security on the basis of the Constitution of the Russian Federation of 1993 and its amendments of 2020. The relevance of the theme is determined by the novelty of the normative material of the Constitution of the Russian Federation in terms of defining the signs, composition of the concept of “social state”, as well as the extreme importance of the totality of socio-economic constitutional rights in general to ensure the quality of life of citizens. The object of analysis is the species attributes of the right to social security in the system of classifications of rights and freedoms, as well as related concepts that have constitutional and extra-constitutional nature. Methods. The methodological basis is the analysis of the text of the Constitution, its semantic units and legal technique of norm presentation, connection of constitutional norms devoted to the filling of the concept of “social state”. Results. The author concludes that the normative material contained in the Constitution is developed, and that the norms devoted to the social sphere are peculiar. In general, they have a blanket character, are formulated with the possibility of expansive interpretation, do not contain exhaustive lists, include many not fully defined concepts that have a concrete-historical content and close relationship with the basic characteristics of the state - legal, social, aimed at ensuring human dignity and social interaction.
Problematic aspects of the principles of the contract system in the field of state procurement under modern conditions
Authors: Samsonova Ekaterina
Published: March 2024

Introduction. Further development of the institution of the contract system in the field of state procurement in context of the transition to the sixth technological paradigm [1, p. 130] and the focus of the Russian Federation on building an economy of knowledge and high technologies [2, p. 8] should take place on a conceptual basis, in strict harmony with the entire system of legal principles operatingin this field. The role of legal science in this process is to show the relevance and demand of all principles of the contract system in the field of state procurement, their practical effectiveness in new reality. The purpose of the study. Based on the analysis of the set of principles of the contract system operating in the field of state procurement, the purpose is to identify the features and problematic aspects of the implementation of these principles in the context of digitalization and modernization of the economy. Research methods. In the research, to the extent necessary the author used both general scientific (dialectical, logical, etc.) and private scientific methods (comparative legal, formal legal, etc.), whichultimately allowed to achieve the set goal. Results: The study of the principles of the contract system in the field of state procurement made it possible to identify problematic aspects of their implementation in modern conditions, to adjust the tasks according to current challenges of our time, to show the importance of distinguishing goals and principles of legal regulation for their correct and proper classification.
PENGARUH KEPEMIMPINAN TRANSFORMASIONAL DAN BUDAYA ORGANISASI TERHADAP KINERJA MELALUI MOTIVASI PADA PERAWAT DI RUMAH SAKIT TRIA DIPA JAKARTA
Authors: Irianti Antania Hanjani , Bernarto Innocentius
Published: March 2024

Abstract.  The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of transformational leadership and organizational culture on motivation, and the effect of motivation on job performance. The method for the survey conducted in this study used a questionnaire. This study is a census study with a total of 78 nurses at Tria Dipa Hospital, Jakarta. Data analysis in this study used the PLS-Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) approach using SMART PLS software. The results of transformational leadership research have a positive effect on motivation, organizational culture has a positive effect on motivation and motivation positive effect on job performance.

 

Abstrak. Tujuan penelitiani ini ialah untuk mengetahui pengaruh kepemimpinan transformasional dan budaya organisasi terhadap motivasi, dan pengaruh motivasi terhadap kinerja perawat. Metode untuk survey yang dilakukan pada penelitian ini menggunakan kuesioner. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian sensus dengan jumlah perawat 78 responden di Rumah Sakit Tria Dipa Jakarta. Analisis data pada penelitian ini memakai pendekatan PLS-Structural Equation Modelling(SEM) menggunakan Software SMART PLS. Hasil penelitian ditemukan kepemimpinan transformasional berpengaruh positif terhadap motivasi, budaya organisasi berpengaruh positif terhadap motivasi dan motivasi berpengaruh positif terhadap kinerja perawat.
Penggunaan ChatGPT di Kalangan Mahasiswa dan Dosen Perguruan Tinggi Indonesia
Authors: Niyu  , Desideria Dwihadiah  , Azalia Gerungan  , Herman Purba
Published: March 2024

Keberadaan kecerdasan buatan generatif (Gen-AI) telah membawa perubahan dalam berbagai domain keberadaan manusia. ChatGPT, yang diperkenalkan kepada publik pada November 2022, telah memberikan alternatif dalam lanskap pembelajaran. Perdebatan tentang penggunaan ChatGPT di bidang akademik berlanjut hingga hari ini, sementara penggunaannya dalam pendidikan terus meningkat. Penelitian ini berusaha menjelaskan difusi inovasi dari ChatGPT di kalangan akademisi pendidikan tinggi Indonesia dengan menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif. Sampel sebanyak 430 responden yang terdiri dari 119 dosen dan 311 mahasiswa disurvei dan tanggapan mereka dianalisis lebih lanjut berdasarkan teori Difusi Inovasi dari Roger. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dibandingkan dengan mahasiswa kalangan dosen lebih banyak yang mengetahui dan menggunakan ChatGPT, selain itu kelompok usia yang berbeda tidak berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap adopsi dari penggunaan ChatGPT di kalangan dosen. Hasil lainnya menunjukkan bahwa kesadaran ChatGPT di kalangan akademisi sangat tinggi dengan mayoritas adalah pengadopsi awal dan mayoritas awal, di mana pengambilan keputusannya adalah keputusan inovasi opsional. Penelitian ini juga menunjukkan bahwa sistem sosial mengenai penggunaan ChatGPT di bidang akademik belum terbentuk dan saat ini sebagian besar pendidik menganggap penggunaan ChatGPT tidak etis. Temuan penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memberikan data yang dijadikan rujukan bagi akademisi dan diharapkan selanjutnya dapat dilakukan penelitian mengenai ChatGPT dan etika penggunaannya dalam pendidikan.
Judge's Considerations For Marriage Dispensation at The Sidenreng Rappang Religious Court (Socio-Juridical Analysis)
Authors: Sufri Melda
Published: March 2024

Requests for dispensation of marriage at the Sidenreng Rappang Religious Court have increased from year to year, and in 2019 there were 222 cases. describe the development of mating dispensation. (2). Analyzing the background to the marriage dispensation application, and (3). Describe and analyze the judge's consideration of the intent of the Marriage Law in article 7 paragraph (2) of Law Number 16 of 2019 concerning amendments to Law Number 1 of 1974, because the intention of deviation is not explained, so a separate interpretation is needed from the Judge. And how the Judge in his considerations must prioritize and guarantee the best interests of the childfulfilled, so as to suppress early marriage.

This type of research is descriptive qualitative, the research location is at the Sidenreng Rappang Religious Court, for primary data sources, namely copies of decisions, marriage laws, Judges, Registrars and Justice Seekers and secondary data sources, namely from Annual Report documents and LKjIP Court case data Religion Sidenreng Rappang, several books as references. To solve the problems in this thesis the author uses the theory of judges' considerations (Mukti Arto 2007), this is also supported by the maqashid al-Syariah theory to parse Islamic law against requests for dispensation of marriage.

Based on the results of this study, the authors formulated conclusions (1). The dispensation for marriage at the Sidenreng Rappang Religious Court has always increased from year to year and in 2019 experienced a very sharp increase. (2). The background is cultural, educational, economic, environmental and pregnant outside of marriage. (3). Juridical analysis of the legal considerations of the judges of the Religious Court of Sidenreng Rappang regarding dispensation of marriage examines article 7 of the Marriage Law Number 16 of 2019, guided by PERMA Number 5 of 2019 as a guideline for adjudicating applications for dispensation of marriage, and based on fiqhi principles and paying attention to maaqashid al-Syariah. It turned out that it ignored several administrative requirements that could support the judge's considerations in realizing and guaranteeing the best interests of the child.
Reading Test Construction of Efl Teachers In Islamic Senior High Schools
Authors: Santri Fadilah
Published: March 2024

This study aims to describe the process of constructing reading test conducted by English teachers from various Islamic high school at Binuang. This study used a qualitative approach with a descriptive research design. The subjects in this study were six English teachers from different Islamic High Schools at Binuang District, West Sulawesi. The instruments in this study were the researchers herself and were assisted through data collection tools namely interview guides and documentation. Data analysis begins with data collection then reduced and categorized, data presentation and concluded. The findings showed that there are five steps that English teachers go through in constructing good reading tests. This step was developed from theory (Brown 2004; Sharma, 2017 & Suwarto, 2017) namely starting from the planning stage, writing test items, standardization tests, revising and interpreting test results or scoring
Manejo de emociones como estrategia pedagógica para aprender a aprender
Authors: Mateus Puerto Claudia Teresa , Fraustro Rojas Mieya
Published: March 2024

La sociedad actual se encuentra en un cambio continuo con gran impacto en la educación y en el desarrollo integral del individuo. En este contexto, la escuela ha demostrado debilidades a la hora de proporcionar competencias y capacidades para toda la vida. Este artículo tuvo como objetivo implementar el manejo emocional como estrategia pedagógica para desarrollar la competencia de aprender a aprender en estudiantes de 5° de primaria. La metodología fue de enfoque mixto, descriptiva y de tipo investigación acción; se aplicaron cuestionarios valorativos sobre el manejo de emociones, autopercepción de la competencia aprender a aprender y de impacto de la propuesta pedagógica, sumado a la toma de evidencias fotográficas de las actividades implementadas. Inicialmente se encontró que los estudiantes tenían debilidades marcadas en expresar sus sentimientos, afrontar la ansiedad y tomar decisiones de manera autónoma; además de percibir bajas competencias de autoconciencia, adaptación y autorregulación del aprendizaje. Se implementó una propuesta pedagógica activa basada en la lúdica y el arte para desarrollar autoconciencia, autorregulación y automotivación emocional, empatía y habilidades sociales, relacionadas con el aprendizaje. Gracias a la implementación de la propuesta pedagógica, la competencia de aprender a aprender pasó de un nivel moderado inicial a uno bastante desarrollado y los estudiantes percibieron mayor adquisición de habilidades emocionales, concentración, atención, enfrentamiento de desafíos académicos, relaciones sociales y sus actitudes hacia el aprendizaje.  Se concluye que el desarrollo de habilidades de manejo emocional favorece el desarrollo de la competencia de aprender a aprender en los estudiantes de primaria.
Exploration: The Fading Frontier
Authors: Wilkinson Rick
Published: March 2024

Last Quarterly we wrote about Australia’s peak petroleum moment. The data for 2023 is in, and confirms that Australia’s petroleum production has peaked, and decreased by 18 million barrels of oil equivalent (MMboe) in 2023.
OPEC+ increased crude oil production by 212,000 barrels per day in February
Authors: Granger Dale
Published: March 2024

According to Rystad Energy data and research, crude production in OPEC+ countries increased by 212,000 barrels per day (bpd) in February over January output. Most of the increase was a result of a recovery in Libyan production (165,000 bpd) following disruptions in January. Production in Russia (83,000 bpd), Nigeria (51,000 bpd) and Venezuela (24,000 bpd) increased too, while output in Iraq (-135,000 bpd), Kazakhstan (-24,000 bpd) and Iran (-8,000 bpd) decreased the most. Overall, OPEC+ crude output averaged 41.46 million bpd in February, the second lowest in the last six months.