bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparison of Thoracic Manipulation and MET (Muscle Energy Technique) on Chronic Mechanical Neck ache: A Randomized Control Trail
Authors: Salman Muhammad , Naseem Zobia , Umar Muhammad , Badshah Mazhar
Published: August 2022

Chronic mechanical neck ache is one of the most disabling conditions in general population which affects individuals’ Activities of Daily Living (ADLs). Objective: To compare the effectiveness of thoracic manipulation and MET on chronic mechanical neck ache. Methods: It was a single blind randomized clinical trial registered at ClivicalTrial.gov under trial registry no# NCT05138199. Non-probability simple random sampling was used to recruit over 30 patients. This study was conducted at Rawal General and Dental Hospital, Islamabad and at the Physiotherapy Clinic Rawalpindi. Two groups were made, group “A” was termed as control group and received MET (2 sessions/week) and group “B” was termed as experimental group and received thoracic manipulation (1 session/week), for six weeks each. Effect of these interventions were evaluated on frequency of pain, duration of pain and Numeric Pain Rating Scale (NPRS). As data were not normally distributed, we employed Wilcoxon Rank test for intra-group analysis and Man Whitney U test for inter-group analysis. Results: Both groups mean +SD of age, gender, and marital status was 26.27+8.55 and 1.60+0.49, 1.20+0.40, respectively. Wilcoxon Rank test showed marked difference within both groups as p-value was <0.05 and “r value >0.05” showed larger effect of interventions. Man-Whitney U test showed no significant difference between groups as p-vale was >0.05. Conclusion: Both manipulation and MET are effective for management of chronic mechanical neck ache and both have same impact on NPS.
Effects Of High Intensity Aerobics and Pelvic Clock Exercises in Primary Dysmenorrhea
Authors: Qamar Asma , Aabroo Sara , Afzal Sidra , Azhar Nadia , Aziz Sania , Ishtiaq Nadia , Faizan Hamid Muhammad
Published: August 2022

Dysmenorrhea is very unpleasant sensation with the presence of painful cramps of uterine origin that occur during menstruation. Prevalence rate of dysmenorrhea is 50% in females’ population. Evidence tells that inactive lifestyle as well as poor diet is main reason of primary dysmenorrheal as well as women who exercise have a reduced incidence of dysmenorrhea. Objectives: To find the effectiveness of high intensity aerobics and pelvic clock exercises in primary dysmenorrhea. Methods: The study design was randomized control trials. Purposive sampling technique was used. Girls aged 17–24 years with regular menstrual cycle and unmarried girls were included. Athletes, married women with gynecological abnormalities were excluded. A structured 8 weeks’ program (3 days in a week, 1hour per day) was given to Group A including set of London bridges (8 mins), Jumping lunges (8 mins), Mountain climbers (8 mins), Quadruped bent knee hip extension (8 mins), Warm up 10 minutes, 25 minutes for high intensity aerobics. Group B were assigned 25 minutes for Pelvic clock exercises (gradually increased during with weeks) performed from 12 to 6 o’clock, as instructed to move from 3 o clock to 9 o clock. Then movement in a clockwise manner from 12 to 3 to 6 to 9 and then back to 12 o’ clock. Outcome measures were calculated by visual analog scale VAS, DASS 21 and self-administered questionnaire for dysmenorrhea symptoms. Results: Both techniques were effective for managing the patients of pain during menstruation, but patients who were treated with high intensity aerobics exercise showed more significant result as compared to another group with p-value < 0.05. Conclusions: High intensity aerobics and Pelvic clock exercises in primary dysmenorrhea, both are effective but high intensity aerobics had given more efficient results
Correlation between Burnout and Meaning in Life in Doctors in Pakistan: A Cross Sectional Study
Authors: Iqbal Samiya
Published: August 2022

According to ICD-11, burnout is a syndrome caused by poorly managed chronic workplace stress that is characterized by feelings of depleted energy or exhaustion, increased mental distance from the job one has, or feeling negative or cynical about it, as well as a sense of ineffectiveness and lack of accomplishment. Objective: To assess the correlation between Burnout, its dimensions and Meaning in Life in early career doctors in Pakistan. Methods: Online questionnaire containing a demographic survey, Purpose in Life test and Maslach Burnout Inventory, Human Services Survey was circulated among early career doctors. Responses were analyzed using SPSS 26.0. Results: 135 doctors (34.6%) reported burnout while 253 (64.9%) did not. Doctors who reported burnout had significantly less meaning in life (M = 59.39, SD = 12.57) than those who did not (M = 74.83, SD = 13.68); t (386) = 10.883, p <0.01. A significant negative correlation was found between meaning in life and emotional exhaustion, r (386) = -.565, p = 0.001 and between meaning in life and depersonalization, r (386) = -.452, p = 0.001. Meaning in life and personal accomplishment were significantly positively correlated, r (386) = .581, p = 0.001. Conclusion: Doctors who have greater meaning in life experience less burnout. Meaning centered interventions can help combat the problem.
Patient Satisfaction with Manual Physical Therapy Care
Authors: Faizan Syed Muhammad , Afzal Sidra , Neelam Muneeb Hafiza , Sarfraz Khurram , Ali Hamad , Haq Kiran , Faizan Hamid Muhammad , Muhammad Arslan Hafiz Rana
Published: August 2022

Patient centered approach is the cornerstone in health care facility. Therefore, patient satisfaction is of utmost importance. Factors related to satisfaction of patient in connection with manual therapy practice are not evaluated. Objective: The purpose of this survey was to evaluate satisfaction of patient receiving manual therapy for their musculoskeletal disorders in Ali Hospital Lahore, Pakistan. Methods: A retrospective survey of 82 male and female patients in the range of 18 and above years was conducted in 2021 for the patient who had availed the services from Ali Hospital. These patients were recruited through simple random sampling only to refrain from biasness. Patients were enrolled according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results: In current study, among 82 patients almost 31 will undoubtedly and 31 will most likely suggest manual therapy treatment to people close to them. While the remaining 20 participants did not show any interest of suggesting this therapy.  37.80% participants showed more satisfaction towards manual therapy treatment and close association found between patient satisfaction and experience of physical therapist. Patients showed higher level of satisfaction when treatment was done by experienced skilled Physical Therapist. Conclusion: Current study reveals that there is higher customer satisfaction from the skill of Physical Therapist but the follow up exercise plan at home is considered worthless by the recipient. Manual therapy provides more relish. Similarly, the results demonstrate that female recipients are more satisfied from physical therapy in this scenario as compared to males.
Menstrual Irregularities Post Tubal Ligation
Authors: Yasmeen Abbas Hafiza , Liaqat Farah , Memon Erum , Qureshi Zaib-un-Nisa , Karim Kauser , Ali Nazish
Published: August 2022

The most popular form of family planning is tubal ligation. Decades-long debates have surrounded the possibility of the post-tubal ligation syndrome of menstrual irregularities. Objective: To study the frequency of menstrual irregularities after tubal ligation in women attending gynecological outpatient department of a tertiary care hospital setting. Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted on 126 females who had history of post tubal ligation syndrome. Cases were verified and data were collected. Duration and length of menstrual cycle was noted. Laboratory examination was done. Duration of tubal ligation was also noted. Their age, name and hospital registration number were also noted down. A control group of 50 healthy females was made for the comparison of menstrual disturbance. Result: The patients mean age was 39.5±3.4 years. Maximum of the patients 71(56.3%) of the patients had age between 37 to 42 years. The duration of tubal ligation observed in 118 (93.7%) of the patients more than or equal to 1 year. Type of menstrual disturbance such as polymennorrhea in 76(60.3%), menorrhagia in 51(40.5%) and intermenstrual bleeding in 9(7.1%) of the patients respectively. Final outcome menstrual irregularity was presented in 74 (58.7%) of the patients. Age group with menstrual irregularity was presented in 40(53.5%) patients versus 31 (43.7%) patients who had absent menstrual irregularity. Similarly, duration of tubal ligation was compared with menstrual irregularity and presented in 69(58.5%) of the patient compared with 49(41.5%) patients who had absent menstrual irregularity. Conclusion: The older group of patients has high prevalence of menstrual irregularities.
Frequency of Hyperandrogenism in Young Women with Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome
Authors: Khatoon Rozina , Fakeer Muhammad Samreen , Batool Uzma , Khan Rozina , Rafiq Sadia , Bashir Rind Jameela
Published: August 2022

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the communal disorder of endocrinology in females of reproductive age. Objective: The purpose of the study was to govern the incidence of hyperandrogenism in young females with polycystic ovarian syndrome. Methods: Total 93 women of age 20 to 35 years with any parity and diagnosed patients of PCOS were included. All patients were assessed biochemically. Serum of testosterone and sex hormone binding globulin analysis was done randomly at any phase of menstrual cycle. Participants were followed in OPD. Free androgen index was calculated. Score more than 5 labeled as Hyperandrogenemia. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 21.0. Results: The mean age was 27.22±4.58 years, with range of 15(20–35) years. Age of 46(49.5%) patients was ≤27 years and age of 47(50.5%) patients was >27 years. 41 patients were married and 52 patients were unmarried. The mean parity was 1.41±0.94 with range of 4(0–4). Results of free androgen index score (FAI) showed that overall mean FAI was 7.80±5.82 with range of 32.60(0.80–33.40). Total 60 patients were found with hyperandrogenism. Among these patients the mean age was 26.93±4.68 years. Ages of 32(53.3%) patients were ≤27 years. participants it was observed that 18 patients were nulliparous, 3 patients had 1-2 parity, and 2 patients had parity more than 2. Chi square results for association of hyperandrogenism showed no significant association with age, marital status, and parity with p>0.05. Conclusion: Hyperandrogenism is an important feature of PCOS. It mainly comes from the ovaries of women diagnosed with PCOS. The best indicator of hyperandrogenism is Serum testosterone levels.
Impact of Maternal Height on Delivery Outcome: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Khan Rozina , Baloch Nazish , Ali Saira , Jogezai Zeb un Nisa , Jan Fouzia , Kakar Sadia
Published: August 2022

Maternal height influences obstetric effects, especially the delivery outcome. It is crucial to identify and anticipate potential CPD at every birth in order to avoid the detrimental effects of an undiagnosed imbalance. Maternal height is closely associated with women's ease of vaginal delivery. Objective: To assess the impact of maternal height on the delivery outcome. Methods: The study included nulliparous women aged between 19 to 35 years, with a height between 140-155 cm, and a singleton pregnancy with cephalic presentation. Data were collected through a predesigned questionnaire. The pregnant women were categorized concerning their heights, and the delivery outcomes and complications were compared. The main outcome was the manner of delivery (vaginal delivery or CS). Secondary outcomes were a composite of newborn morbidity, including infant distress, mechanical ventilation, neonatal intensive care unit hospitalization, perineal injury, postpartum hemorrhage, and puerperal fever. Results: A total of 383 cases were included in the present study. The range of the patient’s height was from 140 to 155 cm. The age of pregnant women was between 19-35 years. Women of ≤ 145 cm had a higher cesarean section (CS) rate than the group of 150-155 cm. No significant correlation was observed between maternal and neonatal mortality concerning maternal height. Conclusion: Females with short stature have higher chances of Cesarean Section than vaginal delivery. As a result, these women should deliver in a health-care institution where their labor may be thoroughly watched and a prompt choice about delivery mode made. Clinical examinations during prenatal visits should include maternal height.
Comparison of Fine needle aspiration followed by histopathology and sonographic features of thyroid nodule to formulate a diagnosis: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Jamal Zeeshan , Shahid Sara , Waheed Abdul , Yousuf Muhammad , Baloch Mahnaz , Allahrasan .
Published: August 2022

Thyroid nodules are solid lumps filled with fluid that develop inside the thyroid gland. Due to their small size, the majority of them go undetected and are asymptomatic. However, some of them are cancerous. Objectives: To compare the diagnostic accuracy of Fine needle aspiration followed by histopathology and sonographic features of thyroid nodule Methods: In this study, 274 participants were included. All of them were detected with the solitary euthyroid nodule. All the patients considered in the present study had normal values of T4 and TSH as euthyroid nodules were supposed to be studied. All the participants were subjected to undergo a USG as per the TIRADS system and FNAC wherever it was applicable. The biopsy report of the excised sample was considered a gold standard. Result: The classification of FNAC was more specific than the TIRADS system, however, the sensitivity of both the classification was the same. Micro-calcification was most specific and sensitive in the individuals that underwent a USG. Irregular margins had a specificity of 88% and nodules taller-than-wider in shape were 91% specificity. A total of 7 patients had shown benign features on cytology, whereas, they were suspiciously malignant on USG (TIRADES 4 and 5) and showed malignancy in final evaluation after the surgery. Conclusion: The sensitivity of both FNAC and USG in the diagnosis of malignancy of thyroid nodule is equal, however, the specificity of FNA is more (90%). FNAC is a minimally invasive procedure that can be opted for the differentiation of benign and malignant lesions with an accuracy of 86%. Patients showing high-risk features on sonography are subjected to repeat the FNAC and they should also be referred for a surgical biopsy to make a definitive diagnosis.
Association Of Decreased Daily Physical Activities, Disturbed Sleep Pattern with Cervical Pain Among Young Adults
Authors: Hanan Zafar Muhammad , Ghafoor Abdul , Athar Iraj , Umer Atif Muhammad , Laeeq Muhammad , Zafar Sidra , Faizan Hamid Muhammad
Published: August 2022

There is broad variety in the manner in which neck pain is defined. While examination when providing details for neck pain there are five key points which apparently represented: 1. the origin of issue and information; 2. the situation or testing outline; 3. the neck pain seriousness, also the outcomes; 4. the neck pain extent; 5. the example after some moments. Other evidence showed there is lacking in amount and quality of sleep results in musculoskeletal displacement by patho-physiologically. The pain occurrence and the progression include many environmental and social causes which is widespread. Objective: The purpose of this study was to find the association of decreased daily physical activities, disturbed sleep pattern with cervical pain among young adults.
Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted on 90 persons presenting with cervical pain. Data was collected from students of University of Lahore. Non-probability Convenient Sampling Technique was used. Northwick Park Neck Pain Questionnaire and The Sleep Revolution Sleep Quality Questionnaire by Arianna Huffington were used to collect data. Results: The total population was 90, which includes 33 males and 57 females with percentage 36.7% and 63.3% respectively. On pain scale to assess the cervical pain there were 43 (47.8%) persons with Mild pain, 37 (41.1%) having Moderate pain and 10 (11.1%) with severe pain. There were 58 (64.4%) persons are physically active even after cervical pain and 32(35.6%) physically not active. There were 3(3.3%) who have severed sleep problems, 16(17.8%) were with some sleep problems, 43(47.8%) having good sleep and 28(31.1%) sleep is in great shape.  In this Study there was no association occurs between daily activities, sleep disturbance with cervical pain in overall results.
Conclusion: In this study overall, there was no association occurred in persons who were having any sort of cervical pain with daily physical activities and sleep patterns disturbance. As some of the individual activities like daily working, house hold activities, driving is affected in some of the cases with cervical pain.
Comparison Of The Effectiveness Of Back School Exercises And Mckenzie Exercises In The Treatment Of Chronic Low Back Pain; A Randomized Controlled Trial”RCT
Authors: Nasreen Aniqa , Majeed Zarafshan , Hassan Awan Malik Ali , Maqbool Sania , Uzair Asghar Hafiz Muhammad , Tahir Hafsa , Butt Khushbakhat , Zaheer Bayyinah
Published: August 2022

Low back pain has become the most common critical health problem and it is well known for causing a personal, and community financial burden globally. Low back pain is demarcated as non-specific, non-radiating pain with no accompanying neurological signs and symptoms. Objective: The purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness between Mckenzie exercises and back school exercises in the treatment of low back pain. Methods: This research included 36 patients who met the eligibility criteria. Prior to undertaking any examinations or receiving treatments, each participant in this study gave their ethical approval via filling out informed consent. Patients with nonspecific chronic back pain were divided randomly into 3 groups. In ‘group A’ only the conventional treatment was provided and in group 2 patients performed back school exercises. Similarly, in group 3 patients performed Mckenzie exercises. The lottery method was used to assign patients to these three randomized groups. All of these aforementioned groups received conventional therapy, which remained identical throughout the study. The conventional treatment included a hot pack for 10 minutes and back isometrics. Additionally, group A received conventional therapy, group B received conventional therapy along with back school exercises, and group 3 received Mckenzie exercises and conventional therapy. Each patient received treatment three times a week for of total 4 weeks. Roland Morris’s disability questionnaire was used to measure self-reported physical impairment due to low back pain. Moreover, a numeric pain rating scale was used to measure pain severity. Results: This study showed that patients receiving back school and Makenzie exercises showed marked improvement in pain and disability scores. Conclusion:  This study concluded that Mckenzie exercises are more effective than back school exercises for the management of chronic nonspecific low back pain. That is because Mckenzie’s exercises not only decrease pain but equally improve, the flexibility and posture of the spine
Pain Catastrophizing in Adult Females After Bilateral Total Knee Arthroplasty
Authors: Sharif Maryam , Nouman Tabassum Muhammad , Maqbool Sania , Uzair Asghar Hafiz Muhammad , Naveed Muniba , Shamshad Eiza , Naeem Atta Muhammad , Niaz Iram
Published: August 2022

Total Knee Arthroplasty is a procedure used to ease the pain and improve functions after degenerative joint diseases e.g. osteoarthritis. One of the complications of TKA is pain catastrophization. Pain catastrophizing is a characterized by the tendency to magnify the threat value of pain stimulus. It can be assessed through PCS which is a 13-item standardized tool for assessing pain catastrophizing. Primary objective of the study was to find the pain catastrophizing level in adult females after bilateral Total Knee Replacement. Objective: This study aims to highlight the importance of pain catastrophization in females who have undergone TKA so that it will alert the rehabilitation experts to plan the post-operative management keeping in view respective levels of pain catastrophization. Methods: This was a descriptive case series study in which 30 patients were included in study according to inclusion and exclusion criteria according to non-probability convenience sampling. All females were included in the study with same baseline characteristics. Literature was reviewed for the given study from EMBASE, MEDLINE AND PsycINFO. Questionnaire included in the study was PCS. Results: The statistical result of Rumination with the mean of 11.63, Magnification score with the mean of 1.98 and Helplessness score with the mean of 12.13 was obtained. Total mean score of pain catastrophizing was 29.500 and SD ±6.273. Conclusion: Pain catastrophizing after bilateral TKR is one major complications in females. That resulted in score of 40% Rumination, 19% Magnification and 41% Helplessness.
Biological Characterization of Colorectal Cancer in Patients Undergoing Surgery and Its Correlation with Gender and Age
Authors: Siddiqui Mashall , Naz Sameena , Masroor Bhatti Aisha , Talpur Saira , Khan Ramsha , Sangrasi Maira
Published: August 2022

Among cancer patients’ colorectal carcinoma abbreviated as CRC is the one of the chief cause of death Objective: To study the biological characteristics and types of colorectal cancer, and its correlation with various age groups and gender. Methods: It was descriptive study carried out in different surgical units of LUMHS Jamshoro, Sindh for period of 2 years including 115 patients. Biopsy was performed to diagnose colorectal carcinoma after getting consent from patients and the immune histochemical analysis was performed. Results: The age range of patients diagnosed with colorectal cancer were  above 60 years males. Majority of patients showed per rectal bleeding with positive family history. Patients were also observed to be associated with different types of colorectal carcinomas including rectal, mucinous, well differentiated, moderately differentiated and poorly differentiated. The analysis of TNM classification showed majority at in stage II, also some were in stage 1V (8.09%). The biological markers showed P53 and BCL2 the most common and cytokeratin and P53 were found significantly positive in age group of 31-45yeras and 46-60 years Additionally, HER2, P53 VEGF showed significantly (p=0.05) higher rates in males. Conclusion: Mucinous carcinoma was most common colorectal cancer, and biological markers P53 and BCL2 were frequently common.
Incidence of Air Leak in Stapled Versus Hand Sewn Pulmonary Resections
Authors: Nasreen Shagufta , Ahmad Tanveer , Ahmed Shaik Khalil , Sikander Nazish , Ali Wassan Nadir , Thapaliya Pratikshya , Asif Anum
Published: August 2022

Postoperative air leak is a frequent complication after pulmonary resection. Different approaches have been used to control the incidence of air leaks after pulmonary resection. Objectives: To compare stapled pulmonary resection and hand-sewn, i.e. manual pulmonary resection for the incidence and duration of resolution of air leaks. Methods: This was a prospective comparative study, conducted from August 2019 to July 2020 in the Department of Thoracic Surgery Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Centre, Karachi. Patients indicated for pulmonary resection were randomized to either stapled pulmonary resection (Group A) or manually sutured (Group B) pulmonary resection and were followed till their discharge or resolution of air leak. Results: The total number of air leaks in group A was 9 (30%), out of which 8 (26.6%) resolved conservatively and only one (3.3%) required re-exploration and surgical intervention. The total number of air leaks in group B was 7 (25%), out of which 6 (21.4%) resolved conservatively and only one (3.5%) required re-exploration and surgical intervention. The difference was not significant in the incidence of air leak of both groups. Persistent air leak (PAL) was present in 5 (16.6%) patients in group A and 3 (10.7%) patients in group B. Conclusion: Our study suggests that both stapled pulmonary resection and manually sutured pulmonary resection techniques are comparable in terms of incidence of air leak and its resolution. Hence, the choice of technique should be based on parameters, including the technical aspects and surgeon's preference.
Mini-Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy Versus Retrograde Intrarenal Surgery in Patients with Renal Stones
Authors: Maqsood Zahid Muhammad , Farook Khalid , Ahmad Khaleel , Ali Liaquat , Muhammad Javed Hafiz , Mehmood ul Hassan Syed
Published: August 2022

Kidney stones, also known as renal calculi, are crystal concretions that primarily occur in the kidney and are referred to as nephrolithiasis. Ideally, calculi should form in the kidneys and pass out of the body through the urethra painlessly. Larger stones are uncomfortable and thus require surgery. Mini-percutaneous nephrolithotomy (mini-PCNL) and retrograde intrarenal surgery (RIRS) are the minimally invasive procedures employed these days to target renal stones. Objective: To compare the effectiveness of both mini-PCNL and RIRS in terms of targeting larger stones in adult patients along with other factors including hospital stay, operative time, stone passing rate and associated complications. Patients and Methods: In the year 2021, 101 patients undergoing mini-PCNL or RIRS in Doctors Hospital, Gujrat were observed in this study. Effectiveness of both the techniques, exposure time, transfusions required, stone free rates and hospital stay were compared in both groups of patients. Results: It was found that mini-PCNL has greater potential than RIRS in terms of stone clearing and operating time. However, RIRS has performed better in terms of reducing the hospital stay with mild complications in both the procedures. Conclusion: Both RIRS and mini-PCNL are extremely safe and highly efficient treatments for renal lithiasis with a diameter of 1.5 to 2.5 cm, and either one can be chosen to achieve outstanding stone-free rates.
Comparison of the Effectiveness of Pelvic Floor Muscle Exercises versus Pilates Exercises on Urinary Incontinence in Middle Aged Women”. Randomized Controlled Trial. RCT
Authors: Khurshid Sidra , Fatima Murtaza Syeda , Fatimah Arooj , Uzair Asghar Hafiz Muhammad , Maqbool Sania , Nasreen Aniqa , Saeed Shahneela , Mushtaq Qurratulain
Published: August 2022

Often impacting elderly women, the urinary incontinence is defined as the involuntary urine loss. Objective: The purpose of this study was to see the comparative effectiveness of pelvic floor muscle exercise with pilates training for treatment of urinary incontinence. Methods: The study's 36 patients who met the eligibility requirements were accepted. Prior to conducting any examinations, we obtained written informed consents from each participant. Patients with urinary incontinence were divided randomly into two groups. In ‘group A’ pelvic floor muscle exercises were applied while in ‘group B’ pilates training was applied. Allocation of patients in two groups was done by computerised generated list. Both groups received conventional therapy, which was the same throughout the study. The conventional therapy includes adductor strengthening of thigh and hot pack for 15 minutes. Group A received conventional therapy and pelvic floor muscle exercise while group B received conventional therapy and pilates training. Treatment frequency was 2 times a week. The duration of treatment was 6 weeks in both groups. Each patient's informed consent was obtained before the questionnaire was filled out. Scores were derived using the Questionnaire for Female Urinary Incontinence Diagnosis (QUID) and the International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire (ICIQ). Results: Patients in group A significantly outperformed those in group B. Conclusion: According to the study's findings, strengthening the pelvic floor muscles is superior than practicing pilates for treating stress urine incontinence. Pelvic floor exercises not only improved the urine leakage problem but also strengthened the muscle of abdomen and pelvis. So these exercises programs should be included in treatment plans along with medications in public health care for the welfare of patients.
Effectiveness of Dietary Supplementation in women with PCOS: A randomized-controlled trial
Authors: Khattak Hafsah Gul , Ali Bhutto Mazhar , Khan Bugti Muhammad , Anjum Huda , Fatima Maryum , Sabeen Ayesha Hafiza , Ishtiaq Asma , Farooq Aliza , Latif Maliva
Published: August 2022

A well-known endocrine condition in women is polycystic ovarian syndrome. Objective: To evaluate the effects of Vitamin D in one hundred eighty girls with PCOS. Methods: The investigation is a randomized control trial that is double-blinded. The study took place at the Ali Medical Hospital in Islamabad. The goal of the study was still to determine how adding vitamin D affected the metabolic and endocrine parameter plasma glucose in females with polycystic ovarian syndrome. This experiment had a 24-week base period and a 12-week follow-up period. Result: In this trial, no important difference of Vitamin-D addition on main variable AUCgluc and additional secondary variables metabolic and endocrine parameters were observed. There was only exclusion of a substantial reduction in plasma glucose during OGTT after 1 hr. Moreover, no improvement in PCOS or menstrual frequency in experimental group was observed. Conclusions: The study found no substantial impact of Vitamin-D supplementation on plasma glucose and on metabolic or endocrine parameters but during OGTT plasma glucose was found to be reduced after 1 hour.
Novel Fungal and Bacterial Species exploited for the control of Locust
Authors: Mazhar Sumaira , Yasmeen Roheela , Noor Sahar , Habib Samiya
Published: August 2022

Insects like locusts and grasshoppers are one of the most dangerous bio-pests of cash crop. The locust control requires constant attentiveness. They could cause around 20 million people to be left without products of agriculture and that is only in Asia. Locusts attacked Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and Baluchistan provinces of Pakistan first in June 2019 moving towards Sindh and Southern Punjab. According to the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) 2020 the financial damages are range from 353 billion to 464 billion Pakistani rupees. The current environmental issues and high price of insecticides are increasing the demand of biological control. In this paper we have reviewed the microbes that can be effectively used to control locust attack in Pakistan
Comparative Study of Hearing Status After Modified Radical Mastoidectomy with And Without Reconstruction
Authors: Zada Bakht , Mujtaba Ghouri Shahbaz , Habib Muhammad , Iqbal Javed , Khan Ali , Nadeem Muhammad
Published: August 2022

Chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM) is a communal ailment of the middle ear Objective: To compare hearing status with and without reconstruction after a modified radical mastoidectomy. Methods: 40 total patients with Chronic suppurative otitis media (the Atico-antral variety) who endured a modified radical mastoidectomy (MRM) with reconstruction or without reconstruction were enrolled in the study. The subjects were alienated into 2 groups depending on the surgical procedure. Patients done with modified radical mastoidectomy but reconstruction was not accomplished were added in the group I (n = 20), and patients done with reconstruction after MRM (n = 20) added to the group II. The patients were thoroughly examined one week before the operation, and their hearing levels were assessed using pure tone audiometry. The general anesthesia was given to the patients of both groups and operated under a microscope with post auricular approach. Temporal fascia and cartilage were collected as a material for grafting after modified radical mastoidectomy in group II. After surgery, patients were monitored at regular intervals. After 8 weeks, pure tone audiometry was performed and the closure of the air-bone gap was compared with the hearing assessment. Results: Many of the patients in this analysis were amongst 11 and 20 years of age and the majority of patients were male. Bone-air gap closure was more common in patients undergoing reconstructive MRM. Conclusion: Reconstruction after MRM results in improved hearing amplification and similarly results in greater improvement of life quality.
Comparative Effects of Comprehensive Corrective Exercises Versus Muscle Energy Techniques in Patients with Upper Cross Syndrome: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Azam Hafsa , Fatima Navera , Asjad Ayesha , Ashraf Iqra , Asif Tooba , Rehman Fiza
Published: August 2022

Upper crossed Syndrome is one of the most prominent anomalous alignments currently. Janda defines 4 Upper Crossed Syndrome as the involvement of several skeletal system muscles that results in shortness and tightness of the anterior and upper trunk or weakening of the posterior section of the skeletal muscles. Objective: To compare the effects of Comprehensive corrective exercises versus muscle energy techniques in patients with upper cross syndrome. Methods: Randomized controlled trial with non-probability convenient sampling was conducted. Fifty-two patients were randomly allocated into 2 groups. The exercise duration period was of eight weeks and three sessions were conducted in one week. Group A was given muscle energy techniques and Group B was given comprehensive corrective exercises. The study was single (assessor) blinded. NDI and VAS were used as an outcome measure to quantify pain and disability in patients with upper cross syndrome. Measurements were taken at baseline (pretest), 8th week (posttest) and 12th week (follow up). Results: There were 52 diagnosed patients having upper cross syndrome with the mean age of 26.03 in group A (METS) in which 46.2% male and 53.8% females. The mean age of 28.76 in group B (CCEP) in which 65.4% males and 34.6% females. It was resulted that there was significant improvement at each level assessment. Statistically, comparison showed no significant difference were found between comprehensive corrective exercises and muscle energy techniques. However, both VAS and NDI showed better improvement in the CCEP group as compared to the MET group. Conclusion: Both techniques relived the pain and lowered the disability in upper cross syndrome patients; Whereas, Comprehensive corrective exercises are convenient and easy approach. Furthermore, these set of exercises maintained the effectiveness till 4 weeks post intervention.
Effects of Sensorimotor Stimulation Program with and Without Routine Physical Therapy on Balance and Cognitive Performance in Patients with Mild Traumatic Brain Injury: A randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Waqar Huma , Tanveer Fahad , Asadullah Arslan Syed , Ahmad Ashfaq , Sarfraz Sana , Fatima Kaneez
Published: August 2022

The term "Traumatic brain injury (TBI)" has replaced the phrase "head injury." A disturbance in neuronal activity caused by the application of a quick, abrupt, and unbearable mechanical force is classified as traumatic brain injury. Every year, around 1.7 billion new cases of TBI are recorded worldwide. Objectives: To compare the effects of Routine physical therapy and Routine physical therapy along with Sensorimotor stimulation program on balance and cognitive performance in patients with mild traumatic brain injury. Methods: A total of 64 patients were divided into two groups, each including 32 people. Those in Group A got routine physiotherapy, whereas patients in Group B also received sensorimotor stimulation. Patients were randomized to groups at random using a lottery system. The study was intended as a single RCT with blinding. The duration of the intervention was sixteen weeks. Data was gathered on the first day prior to the implementation of treatments, then again after eight weeks, and finally after sixteen weeks. The obtained data was evaluated using the Berg balance scale and the Rancho loss amigos scale. Results: In group A, balance before treatment was 21.90±5.43 and after treatment of 8th and 16th weeks it was 25.93 ± 4.977 and 39.62 ± 5.68. Mean of cognition before treatment was 5.15 ± 0.94 and after treatment of 8th and 16th weeks it was 5.468 ± 0.802 and 5.90 ± 0.85 with p-value < 0.05. In group B balance before treatment was 21.43 ± 5.17 and after treatment of 8th and 16th weeks it was 27.12 ± 6.59 or 52.78 ± 2.70, mean of cognition before treatment was 5.12 ± 1.00 and after treatment of 8th and 16th weeks it was 6.250 ± 0.87 and 7.70 ± 0.4 with p-value < 0.05. Conclusions: The study concluded that both treatment plans were effective for balance and cognitive performance but sensorimotor along with physical therapy significantly better outcomes as compared to conventional physical therapy treatment.
Recent Sensitivity Pattern of Salmonella Typhi in a tertiary care Hospital
Authors: Gohar Shah Bushra , Tahir Butt Tariq , Najeeb Sara , Ibrahim Hafsa
Published: August 2022

Salmonella typhi is the main cause of the enteric fever in Homo sapiens. The topic of the concern now a day is the emerging multidrug resistance. It causes the disease of intestinal tract known as enteric fever, while Salmonella paratyphi cause the paratyphoid fever. This infection is waterborne and foodborne. Approximately 12 – 33 million people suffered from the typhoid fever annually around the globe. Objective: The aim of the study was to evaluate the sensitivity patterns of Salmonella typhi and Salmonella paratyphi. It is a retrospective study, conducted at the Medicine Department of Sahara Medical College, Narowal and Rawalpindi Medical University, Rawalpindi. Methods: The blood sample of 306 patients visiting the teaching hospital of our institute were collected. The samples were tested to evaluate the antimicrobial sensitivity. The Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method was used. The E-test was leveraged for obtaining MIC of ciprofloxacin, while agar dilution method was utilized for obtaining MIC of azithromycin. Results: The samples were collected from patients. Out of the 306 sample, 177 samples were of S. paratyphi and other 127 were of S. typhi. 56% sample showed the sensitivity to ciprofloxacin antibiotic, while 281 samples showed sensitivity to nalidixic antibody. According to the MIC criteria 94% sample isolate were susceptible to ciprofloxacin and 46% to azithromycin. While 31% sample were resistant to it. 90% of the samples were susceptible to ampicillin while other 95% to trimoxazole. Conclusion: The co-trimoxazole and ampicillin care highly suggested for the management of the enteric fever. Ciprofloxacin resistance cannot be accurately measured by Nalidixic acid resistance screening. The samples also showcased emerging resistance against azithromycin.
Glycemic Response to Metformin and Its Association with Age and Gender in Type II Diabetes
Authors: Hakim Zunera , Khan Asma , Waheed Akbar , Hafeez Amtul , Khohkar Aamna , Hakim Bareera
Published: August 2022

Diabetes Mellitus has become a global health concern due to its continued rise in prevalence. According to International Diabetic Federation (IDF), Type II diabetes mellitus (T2DM) currently affects 462 million people worldwide and is expected to grow from this figure to 642 million by 2040. Objective: The study was conducted to evaluate the glycemic response to metformin in Type-II diabetes and assess its association with age and gender. Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted at the Pharmacology Department of Riphah International University from Jan 2020 to Dec 2021.Type-II diabetic patients (n=200) on metformin monotherapy fulfilling the inclusion criteria were enrolled and followed up till three months. Baseline parameters were documented and reduction in HbA1c was determined. Numerical and categorical data was analyzed by chi-square and t-test using SPPS 23. Results: Our study demonstrates that 52% (104) of the patients were metformin responders while 48% (96) were non-responders. The reduction in HbA1c was significantly greater in responders than non- responders (- 1.58±1.07 % VS -0.32±0.35 %).  Out of 85 males, 46 (54%) responded to metformin optimally while only half (50%) of the female subjects produced desirable response. However, there was no effect of gender on metformin response status with p=0.60 and changes in HbA1c levels over time were not significantly different in either sex. The mean age of responders and non-responders was found to be 48.23±9.64 years and 44.13±7.82 respectively. The effect of age on response of metformin and mean change in HbA1c among different age groups was found to be statistically significant with p=0.03 and p=0.04 respectively. Conclusion: There exists variability in response to metformin in type-II diabetes which is associated with age of the patient but remains un-influenced by gender of the patient.
Financial Literacy Improvement Through Family Financial Planning Management Training
Authors: Cahaya Suci Stannia , Jandi Anwar Cep , Mutia Zahara Vadilla , Adi Fahmi Ginanjar Rah
Published: August 2022

Financial inclusion has become one of the world's concerns, but Indonesia's level of financial inclusion is still quite low. The financial literacy index of Banten Province is low at only 38.18% in 2016 (OJK 2016). Desa Pasuluhan is one of the villages in Serang, Banten Province which has high economic potentials but in general, the people do not understand how to manage finances well. Therefore, Kegiatan Pengabdian Masyarakat is carried out to increase the knowledge and ability of the community for short-term and long-term financial goals planning. The method used is training and presentation. The results of this activity received a response of satisfaction from the participants as well as a greater understanding of the ability of participants in planning family financial management. In the long term, family management planning training activities in Desa Pasuluhan are expected to increase the level of financial inclusion at both the provincial and national levels.
IMPROVEMENT OF ENGINEERING PROPERTIES OF EXPANSIVE SOIL WITH ADDITION OF EGGSHELL POWDER AND FLY-ASH
Authors:   Narayana Engineering College, Gudur, Narayana J. Surya
Published: August 2022

Soil is one of the most valuable materials used in a variety of construction project including earth work. The clay soil acts high strength in dry condition, but exhibit low strength in wet condition. Thus, variation in the characteristic behaviour of the expansive soil result major problem in the engineering properties during construction. Some different approaches are made in order to improve the soil characteristics. Egg Shell powder composition is near to that of lime so it increases the soil stabilization. In this project sample of clay in National Highway-16 near Narayana Engineering College, Gudur collected and conduct the basic tests for that soil sample. After analysing the properties of the soil, Egg Shell Powder has been added in proportion of 3%,6%,9%,12 %,15% and 18% and Fly Ash has been added in proportion of 4%,8%,12% and 16%. The laboratory tests conducted to determine Index and Engineering Properties of soil. By adding Egg Shell Powder and Fly Ash, the behaviour of the Engineering properties is analysed. From this investigation will determine effective percentage of egg shell powder and Fly ash need to be added to increase Engineering Properties of soil. Key Words: Eggshell Powder, Fly Ash, Expansive- soil. Engineering properties, Index properties, Soil- characteristics
DESIGN OF RELIABLE SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT FOR NARAYANA ENGINEERING COLLEGE GUDUR BY USING SBR TECHNOLOGY
Authors:   .Associate professor, Dept. Civil Engineering , Narayana Engineering College Gudur.,  Andhrapradesh, India 524101, KUMAR K. SIVA
Published: August 2022

Wastewater generated in schools and colleges has to take care of as it may pollute the groundwater if not treated properly. This project focuses on the design of an STP unit in Narayana engineering college Gudur (NECG) for the treatment of college hostel wastewater. Physical and chemical characteristics of the wastewater samples showed a low strength in pollutant concentrations. Treatment units were planned and designed based on the existing condition. The equalization tank was designed for flow balancing. Sewage is treated by a variety of methods to make it suitable for its intended use, be it for spraying ontoirrigation fields (for watering crops) or be it for human consumption.
ADVANCEMENTS OF SEARCH ENGINE OPTIMIZATION TECHENIQUES
Authors:   1Assistant Professor,Narayana Engineering College,Gudur,A.P,India, Sampoornamma S.
Published: August 2022

Because of the presence of an immense number of sites, the Search Engine has a pivotal occupation of giving the applicable pages to the client, Search Engines, for example, Google, use Page Ranking Algorithm to rank site pages as per the nature of their substance and their presence over the internet. Site improvement is a course of expanding the possibilities of a site page to show up in the main page of the item. Since, at whatever point the buyer looks for data, they give a specific expression or a catchphrase rather than the total web address, then, at that At first, during the 1990s, Archie was the main internet searcher which was utilized for looking through the File Transfer Protocol (FTP) records while the primary text-based web index to be created was Veronica. Search Engine navigates billions of pages which are accessible on the internet, so the web search point, the internet searcher utilize that watchword to find the applicable site pages and show it in a rundown with the most important page at the top. Along these lines, an association could utilize Search Engine Optimization strategies to reach up to its expected customer by showing up at the highest point of the query items. In this paper, we will group and auditing various advancements for website streamlining in light of their significance and their use. Key Words – SEO, page ranking algorithm, Crawler, Search Engine.
Monitoring and Controlling of Material Handling Equipment
Authors: Prasad V.Ravi
Published: August 2022

To understand the process and working of different kinds of material handling equipment in real- time from the industry. To monitor and control the working of material handling equipment. And to design material handling equipment whose overall operating efficiency of a facility. Simulate the working of the Tower crane which consists of a trolley, hoist, and a jib. Also, coordinate all the parts of the tower crane for safe and efficient material handling. In doing so, we can plot the operating torques of the trolley, hoist, and jib for a time along with the load applied on each of them while moving the container. The hoist can raise andlower a load, and therefore the trolley moves the load towards and far from the tower. Blocks from the belts and cables library are accustomed to model the pulleys that control lifting the load and moving the trolley. Aplot of load vs time and torque vs time is obtained for the tower crane. The working animation is also obtainedfrom the simulation using simscape tools. The model uses a signal builder to coordinate the commands for the jib, trolley, and hoist which acts as input to the tower crane. For the future expansion of the project, it is recommended to implement a variable voltage variable frequency drive in place of the signal builder. Keywords— Tower Crane, Simulink Model animation demo, Hoists.