bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pendidikan Kesehatan Perilaku Hidup Bersih Sehat (PHBS) melalui Snake Ladder Game pada Kelompok Remaja
Authors: Kurniawati Lailaturohmah , Rofiiqoh Iyyana Al Fiatur , Hamidah Khusnun Adma
Published: September 2024

Permasalahan yang sering muncul dikalangan remaja yaitu sikap dan pengetahuan remaja yang masih minim terkait perilaku hidup bersih sehat. Snake ladder game merupakan permainan berupa papan bidak yang familiar dikalangan anak-anak hingga remaja, sehingga dengan metode ini pesan preventif kesehatan PHBS bisa tersampaikan sesuai sasaran yaitu remaja. Tujuan dari pengabdian masyarakat untuk melatih terlaksananya Perilaku Hidup Bersih Sehat (PHBS) melalui Snake Ladder Game pada kelompok remaja Jebres, Surakarta. Metode pelaksanaan kegiatan ini terdiri dari 3 langkah dalam praktiknya: tahap persiapan, tahap pelaksanaan, dan tahap evaluasi. Hasil post test pengabdian masyarakat metode Snake Ladder Game pada perilaku hidup bersih dan sehat remaja  dengan tingkat pengetahuan baik yaitu 92%. Pengabdian Masyarakat memberikan pengaruh terhadap peningkatan pengetahuan Pendidikan Kesehatan Perilaku Hidup Bersih Sehat (PHBS) melalui Snake Ladder Game.
Improving Digital Marketing Skills of MSMEs in Legok Village through a Community Service Program
Authors: Saputri Fahmy Rinanda , Fianty Melissa Indah , Tampubolon Marojahan
Published: September 2024

There are several problems in marketing the products of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in this digital era. Problems such as limited access to technology and lack of knowledge and expertise in managing digital platforms or tools. To overcome these problems, Community Service (PKM) activities are carried out. This PKM is focused on improving marketing skills for MSME players in Legok Village, Tangerang, Banten by Universitas Multimedia Nusantara (UMN). Specifically, this solution is in the form of training with the theme of digital marketing management, market trend analysis, customer preferences, and strategies to increase customer interaction on e-commerce platforms and social media. The materials in this PKM activity are market trend analysis and the use of digital marketing tools where there are 19 participants from different MSME players. The results of this training showed that 100% of participants stated that the training delivered provided new insights or ideas to improve their business, especially in terms of marketing management. Thus, MSMEs in Legok Village are expected to be able to compete better in the digital market, which in turn can encourage local and national economic growth.
Pelatihan Optimalisasi Resiliensi Mengajar Guru Sekolah Dasar dengan Strategi Modifikasi Perilaku Prososial di Kecamatan Kalipare Kabupaten Malang
Authors: Farida Ika Andrini , Utomo Hanggara Budi , Putri Raissa Dwifandra , Putri Syabiilah Azzahroh Widyatmoko , Priyatama Muhammad Aldwin
Published: September 2024

Era disruptif saat ini memberikan tantangan bagi guru untuk berinovasi sehingga berdampak pada tingkat stres yang dialami oleh guru. Dukungan modifikasi perilaku prososial perlu diberikan agar guru dapat menjadi resilien. Tujuan pengabdian ini adalah mengeksplorasi efektivitas strategi modifikasi perilaku prososial  untuk meningkatkan resiliensi mengajar di sekolah. Lokasi kegiatan pengabdian di SDN 1 Tempurejo Kabupaten Malang. Mitra pengabdian adalah guru sekolah dasar yang tergabung dalam KKG Gugus 7 Kecamatan Kalipare Kabupaten Malang sejumlah 48 orang. Metode yang digunakan adalah Participatory Action Research dna analisis data menggunakan uji beda t-test. Hasil kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat adalah meningkatnya pemahaman pengetahuan guru SD mengenai cara menerapkan strategi modifikasi perilaku prososial untuk optimalisasi resiliensi mengajar. Hasil pemahaman resiliensi guru juga menunjukkan peningkatan setelah dilaksanakan edukasi dan sosialisasi yang dikonsep dalam bentuk seminar. Implikasi kegiatan ini adalah pengetahuan yang telah diperoleh guru sekolah dasar dapat diterapkan secara berkelanjutan dalam mengatasi berbagai permasalahan yang muncul dalam pekerjaan sehari-hari.
Analisis kemampuan berpikir kreatif matematis siswa kelas VIII SMP pada materi SPLDV di kota karawang
Authors: Wiwin Wiwin , Warmi Attin
Published: September 2024

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui kemampuan berpikir kreatif matematis siswa SMP pada materi SPLDV. Subjek pada penelitian ini yaitu 20 siswa kelas IX SMP Negeri yang ada di Kabupaten karawang. Metode yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah dengan metode penelitian deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif yang mana tujuannya untuk mendeskripsikan atau menganalisis kemampuan berpikir kreatif matematis siswa dalam  mengerjakan soal kemampuan berpikir kreatif pada materi SPLDV. Instrumen yang digunakan pada penelitian ini yaitu instrumen tes kemampuan berpikir kreatif matematis, Proses pelaksanaannya terdiri dari tiga langkah, yakni persiapan, pelaksanaan, dan analisis data. Pada tahap pelaksanaan siswa diberi soal tes kemampuan berpikir kreatif matematis yang terdiri dari 4 soal dengan aspek kemampuan berpikir kreatif matematis yang digunakan adalah Fluency, Flexibility, Elaborasi dan Originality. Hasil dari penelitian ini yaitu kemampuan berpikir kreatif matematis pada materi SPLDV siswa SMP di salah satu SMP yang tepatnya ada di Kabupaten Karawang berada dalam kategori sedang. Dengan jawaban siswa tidak mampu menghasilkan ide ide baru, dan siswa kurang mampu mengembangkan ide ide atau gagasan, kesimpulan dari penelitian ini dapat kita lihat dari indikator indikator kemampuan berpikir kreatif matematis siswa kurang mampu berpikir originality dan berpikir elaboration.
Pembentukan Karakter Islami Remaja Melalui Pengajian Rutin di Madrasah Desa Cimeong Banjaran Majalengka
Authors: Kholiq Dani Abdul
Published: September 2024

Artikel ini menganalisis peran penting pendidikan karakter Islami dalam membentuk karakter remaja melalui kegiatan pengajian rutin di Madrasah Desa Cimeong Banjaran Majalengka. Pendidikan karakter Islami adalah pendekatan pendidikan yang bertujuan untuk mengembangkan nilai-nilai moral dan etika berlandaskan ajaran agama Islam. Pembentukan karakter menjadi aspek krusial dalam menghadapi tantangan sosial dan moral yang dihadapi oleh remaja dalam era modern. Dalam konteks ini, pengajian rutin di Madrasah Desa Cimeong Banjaran Majalengka memiliki peran sentral sebagai wahana pembentukan karakter.
Dalam konteks Madrasah Desa Cimeong Banjaran Majalengka, pengajian rutin menjadi sarana yang efektif untuk mendidik karakter Islami remaja. Artikel ini juga mendiskusikan peran penting para pengajar dan orang tua dalam mendukung proses pembentukan karakter ini. Dengan memanfaatkan metode pengajaran yang interaktif dan aplikatif, pengajian rutin mampu menciptakan lingkungan yang positif dan mendukung perkembangan karakter Islami remaja. Pendidikan karakter ini tidak hanya membekali remaja dengan pengetahuan agama, tetapi juga membantu mereka menginternalisasi nilai-nilai kebaikan dalam kehidupan sehari-hari.
Peran Guru Sebagai Seorang Pendidik Disekolah
Authors: Tegar Tegar Muhammad Nur
Published: September 2024

Pendidikan bisa diraih dengan berbagai macam cara salah satunya pendidikan di sekolah. Sebuah pendidikan mempunyai tiga komponen utama yaitu guru,siswa dan kurikulum. Ketiga komponen tersebut tidak dapat dipisahkan dan komponen-komponen tersebut berada di lingkungan sekolah agar proses kegiatan belajar mengajar dapat berjalan sesuai dengan yang diinginkan. Penulisan ini dilatarbelakangi oleh adanya kurangnya pemahaman pada pembelajaran anak dapat disebabkan oleh beberapa faktor. Salah satunya yaitu kurangnya peran guru dalam proses pembelajaran di sekolah dapat menyebabkan pemahaman anak berkurang khususnya pada anak sekolah. Keberadaan seorang guru berperan penting dalam lingkungan masyarakat baik di sekolah maupun masyarakat. Guru dituntut untuk memiliki kepribadian dan perilaku yang patut diteladani dalam kehidupan sosial di masyarakat. Kedudukan seorang guru, menuntut untuk professional dalam mendidik dan berperilaku tidak hanya berkaitan dengan tugasnya dalam proses pembelajaran tetapi juga tugasnya di masyarakat. Adapun tujuan penelitian yaitu agar mengetahui bagaimana peran guru di sekolah dan masyarakat serta hambatan peran guru. Fokus penelisan ini adalah bagaimana peran guru di sekolah dalam menjalankan peran guru di sekolah. Pendidikan merupakan salah satu hal yang paling penting untuk mempersiapkan kesuksesan masa depan pada zaman globalisasi. Peran guru di sekolah sangat diperlukan karena anak sekolah dasar masih kurangnya daya tangkap merreka terhadap sesuatu yang mereka lihat dan mereka dengar. Dengan adanya fenomena tersebut maka dilakukan penulisan yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana peran guru dalam pembelajaran di sekolah.
KONSEP PEMBELAJARAN DIFERENSIASI BERBASIS KEARIFAN LOKAL: SEBUAH KAJIAN LITERATUR DENGAN KONTEKS MADRASAH DI LAMPUNG
Authors: Umurohmi Ulfah
Published: September 2024

This article aims to study the concept of differential learning based on local wisdom in the context of madrasah education in Lampung. Given the rich background of local wisdom in Lampung, the study was conducted through a literature review with a qualitative descriptive approach. Data analysis techniques involve the identification, categorization, and synthesis of information from various relevant literary sources. This allows researchers to understand how local wisdom can be integrated into differential learning in the madrasah. The results of this study show that differential learning in the madrasah with an instructional approach is adapted to the individual needs of students, taking into account the diversity of student background and ability. The local wisdom and traditions of Lampung, such as listener pii and samali sambayan, give deep values to the learning process. Strategies to integrate local wisdom into learning include the use of relevant media, materials, methods, and evaluations. The Madrasah in Lampung, by combining local wisdom and differentiation approaches, has the potential to improve the quality and relevance of education for students in the region
CRB1-associated Inherited Retinal Degenerations
Authors:   , Moekotte Lude
Published: September 2024

The Crumbs homolog 1 (CRB1) gene is crucial for retinal photoreceptor integrity. Pathogenic variants in CRB1 cause inherited retinal dystrophies (CRB1-IRDs), leading to photoreceptor cell death and early visual impairment, with varying clinical phenotypes. Vitreous inflammation and cystoid macula edema (CME) in CRB1-IRD patients suggests involvement of inflammatory pathways, but the molecular underpinnings are significantly underexplored. In this thesis, we investigated the possible changes in the immune system in human patients with CRB1-IRDs using immune profiling techniques.

Using flow cytometry, we identified an expansion of T cells with specific tissue-homing markers and a decrease in plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) in peripheral blood of CRB1-IRD patients compared to controls. It appears that CRB1-IRDs exhibit inflammatory pathways similar to those seen in autoimmune diseases.

Blood plasma proteomics revealed elevated complement factor H (CFH) and related complement components, indicating the involvement of complement activation in CRB1-IRDs. In addition, our research shows that genetic linkage between CRB1 and CFH/CFHR genes may in part influence this phenomenon.

We further showed that CRB1-IRD patients have lower neuroprotective secondary bile acid concentrations in blood plasma, which strongly suggest altered gut microbiota. We also detected elevated cholesteryl esters and glycerophospholipids in patients, indicating a protective response to neurodegeneration.

Our study revealed that multiple inflammatory pathways are involved in the disease mechanisms of CRB1-IRDs that go beyond inflammation in the eye.
Effects of Hindlimb Suspension on the Development of Hip Bone Morphologies in Growing Rats
Authors: Ezumi S , Kaneguchi A , Kanehara M , Iwamoto Y , Takahashi M , Nishida N , Ozawa J
Published: September 2024

Abnormal hip bone morphologies are associated with various diseases of the hip joint. Weight bearing, especially during growth, may be important to achieve normal acetabulum development. This study aimed to investigate whether hip bone morphologies were affected by hindlimb suspension (HS) in 4 week-old rats. In HS groups, tail suspension was applied for 0, 2, 4, and 8 weeks. Age-matched rats were used as controls. The complex of hip bones with lumbar and sacral vertebrae were assessed based on morphological indexes using three-dimensional reconstructed images from X-ray computed tomography. Acetabular widths (measured from cranial to caudal) unchanged and depths became larger in both groups with age. Acetabular lengths (from the ventral side to the dorsal side) became larger in control groups but unchanged in HS groups with age. In HS groups, acetabular width, length, and depths were smaller than the control groups at 4 and/or 8 weeks. Acetabular versions became enlarged (rotated inwards) with age in both groups, although this was particularly pronounced in HS groups. Histologically, triradiate cartilage layers in the acetabulum were thinner with age and almost disappeared at 8 weeks in both groups. However, HS decreased Safranin O staining and prolonged the presence of hypertrophic chondrocyte indicating alterations in the chondral ossification processes. Iliac wing angles remained unchanged and anterior superior iliac crest (ASIC) distances increased with age in controls. In contrast, HS groups showed narrowed iliac wing angles with small ASIC distances. These results suggest that reduced mechanical loading during growth can interfere with hip joint formation.
Rancang Bangun Sistem Informasi Pembayaran Administrasi Sekolah
Authors: Salim Rin Rin Meilani
Published: September 2024

Abstract : Every month the school will charge administrative payments to students. Administrative payments can be in the form of school fees, transportation fees, school uniform fees and other fees. The school has administrative staff who will handle these transactions. If handling is done manually then the administrative staff will be overwhelmed in reporting payments that have been made by students. Having an information system will help to record and report payment transactions made by students. The principal and homeroom teacher will easily and quickly be provided with student payment reports. This School Administration Payment Information System was developed so that it can be used by various schools because it is designed based on the administration handled by schools in general.
Abstrak : Sekolah setiap bulannya akan menagih adminitrasi pembayaran kepada siswa. Administrasi pembayaran tersebut dapat berupa uang sekolah, uang transport, biaya seragam sekolah dan biaya lainnya. Sekolah memiliki staf administrasi yang akan menangani transaksi tersebut. Jika penanganan dilakukan secara manual maka staf administrasi akan kewalahan dalam melaporkan pembayaran yang telah dilakukan siswa. Dengan adanya sistem informasi akan membantu untuk mencatat dan melaporkan transaksi pembayaran yang dilakukan siswa. Kepala sekolah dan wali kelas akan dengan mudah dan cepat diberikan laporan pembayaran siswa. Sistem Informasi Pembayaran Administrasi Sekolah ini dikembangkan agar dapat dipakai oleh beragam sekolah karena dirancang berdasarkan administrasi yang ditangani sekolah secara umum.
Assessment of the ecological situation long-term transformations
in the Ivankovo reservoir
Authors: Razumovskij Vikentii L. , Kushnareva Tatiana N.
Published: September 2024

The work is devoted to the evaluation of the new concept of integrated monitoring practical application results. The theoretical novelty of the concept consists in the joint analysis of diatom complexes from columns of bottom sediments and modern phytoplankton complexes. The work confirms that there are no processes of redeposition during precipitation formation in all analyzed columns. The results of the water quality assessment by two indexes are considered: the saprobity index (S) and the integral quality index (QI). Comparison and spatial- temporal analysis of the obtained results were carried out. Within the framework of the new concept, the results of chemical analysis of water and sediment samples were used for reference. The main objective of the work was to demonstrate the effectiveness of the new concept of integrated monitoring in assessing long-term transformations occurring in reservoir.
Preliminary results of a diatom analysis
of the Imandra lake bottom sediments (Kola region)
Authors: Tolstobrova Alena N.
Published: September 2024

Preliminary data of micropaleontological (diatom analysis) study of bottom sediments of Lake Imandra are presented. A total of 485 taxa have been identified. According to changes in the composition of diatom communities, diatom zones were identified, reflecting the development of the lake from a periglacial lake in the Late Glacial period to its present state.
Mechanically durable tri-composite polyamide 6/hematite nanoparticle/tetra-n-butylammonium bromide (PA6/α-Fe2O3/TBAB) nanofiber based membranes for phosphate remediation
Authors: Choi Yun Young , Hanh To Dung Thi , Kim Sewoon , Cwiertny David M. , Myung Nosang V.
Published: September 2024

Essential properties for a Point of Use (POU) water filter include maintaining high removal capacity and rate, with excellent mechanical properties to withstand pressure drop. Herein, mechanically robust tri-composite polyamide 6/iron oxide nanoparticles/tetra-n-butylammonium bromide (PA6/α-Fe2O3/TBAB) nanofiber composite membranes were electrospun for phosphate (P) remediation, where the diameter and composition were tuned by controlling solution compositions and electrospinning conditions. Tri-composite composition and morphology affect phosphate uptake where the adsorption capacity followed Langmuir isotherm whereas the adsorption kinetics followed pseudo second order behavior. Mechanical properties (i.e., Young’s Modulus (E) and toughness) were significantly influenced by the composition and morphology of the tri-composite, as well. Although additional TBAB and iron oxide decreased toughness, there are optimum composition ranges which resulted in maximum Young’s Modulus. Of the synthesized nanofiber membranes, PA6/α-Fe2O3/TBAB nanofibers with 17% α-Fe2O3 and 2% TBAB showed excellent phosphate uptake capacity [i.e., 8.9 mg/g (52 mg of P/g of α-Fe2O3)] while it is bendable, stretchable, and able to plastically deform without fracturing (i.e., Young’s modulus of 2.06 × 108 Pa and Toughness of 1.35 × 106 J m−3). With concerns over the impact of P on water resources and the long-term availability of limited P resources, this tri-composite membrane is well suited for applications in both wastewater treatment and resource recovery.
Next steps for assessing ocean iron fertilization for marine carbon dioxide removal
Authors: Buesseler Ken O. , Bianchi Daniele , Chai Fei , Cullen Jay T. , Estapa Margaret , Hawco Nicholas , John Seth , McGillicuddy Dennis J. , Morris Paul J. , Nawaz Sara , Nishioka Jun , Pham Anh , Ramakrishna Kilaparti , Siegel David A. , Smith Sarah R. , Steinberg Deborah , Turk-Kubo Kendra A. , Twining Benjamin S. , Webb Romany M. , Wells Mark , White Angelicque , Xiu Peng , Yoon Joo-Eun
Published: September 2024

There are many potential approaches to marine carbon dioxide removal (mCDR), of which ocean iron fertilization (OIF) has the longest history of study. However, OIF studies to date were not primarily designed to quantify the durability of carbon (C) storage, nor how wise OIF might be as an mCDR approach. To quantify C sequestration, we introduce a metric called the “centennial tonne,” defined as 1,000 kg of C isolated from atmospheric contact for on average at least 100 years. We present the activities needed to assess OIF from a scientific and technological perspective, and additionally, how it might be responsibly studied and potentially deployed. The five activities include: field studies in the Northeast Pacific; improved modeling for field studies, data assimilation and predictions at larger scales; improvements in monitoring, reporting and verification (MRV) for C, and also MRV for tracking ecological and environmental impacts; and developing new iron sources and their delivery, to increase efficiencies and reduce costs. The fifth activity is to understand whether public and community support exists for OIF, and what governance structures might support further research and possible deployment of OIF. This article is written by a multidisciplinary experts group called Exploring Ocean Iron Solutions (ExOIS) that is organized around a responsible code of conduct. Of the mCDR approaches, OIF has the potential to be low cost, scalable, and rapidly deployable. Reducing CO2 emissions must lead the way, but there is also an urgency to decide under what conditions and whether OIF might be deployed or not.
A decade in review: bibliometric analysis of sustainable performance trends in higher education institutes
Authors: Umar Shahawati Binti , Ahmad Jawaria , Bukhori Muhammad Anas Bin Mohd , Mohd Ali Khairul Anuar , Wan Hussain Wan Mohd Hirwani
Published: September 2024

The sustainable performance of higher education institutes (HEIs) is key to efficiently manage educational institutes in the long run, to get financial aid from the government, and to keep the interest of stakeholders in the institutions. Researchers have focused on examining the impact of a sustainable curriculum, sustainable teaching methodologies, sustainable campuses, and tools for assessing sustainability in HEIs in past literature. The present bibliometric analysis, combined with network analysis, aims to explore the literature to identify research gaps in the field of sustainable performance or sustainability performance of HEIs. We have employed a Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) flow diagram to analyze the results obtained from Scopus, Web of Science (WoS), and EBSCOhost databases. A bibliometric analysis using Biblioshiny web application and VOSviewer software was performed on the 263 articles included in the study after screening. The results revealed that the annual growth rate of publications is increasing, indicating that the sustainability performance of HEIs is gaining momentum after the introduction of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in 2017. The production of articles in the field is highest from advanced European countries and the United States, but only a few articles are published from Asian countries. The authors with the highest number of publications and the most cited research article in the field are Leal Filho and Wals, respectively. Authors keywords in HEIs (or institutions) not only have a strong link with sustainability, sustainable education, green campus, and sustainability assessment but also have a small network with sustainable performance, green knowledge sharing, green knowledge management, green human resource management practices, green teams, change management, and organizational commitment. These findings can be used by future researchers to identify unexplored research areas in different contexts.
The association of common autoimmune diseases with autoimmune thyroiditis: a two-sample Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Zhang Kaiyuan , Luo Ziyue , Wang Xinchang
Published: September 2024

Objective

Numerous observational and retrospective studies have demonstrated an association between Autoimmune Thyroiditis (AIT) and various systemic Autoimmune Diseases (AIDs). However, the causal relationship between them remains uncertain. This study aims to investigate the causal link between AIT and diverse types of AIDs utilizing the Mendelian Randomization (MR) method.

Method

We assessed the causal relationship between AIT and eight prevalent AIDs. Summary statistics from genome-wide association studies (GWAS) were sourced from the FinnGen biobank and IEU Open GWAS database. Two-sample MR analyses were conducted, with the primary statistical approach being the Inverse Variance Weighting (IVW) method. This was complemented by a series of sensitivity analyses, and the robustness of the findings was evaluated through the estimation of heterogeneity and pleiotropy.

Results

When AIT was considered as the outcome, MR evidence suggested an association between Rheumatoid arthritis (RA), Type 1 diabetes (T1D), and Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) with AIT. Utilizing the Inverse Variance Weighting (IVW) method, we observed an increased risk of AIT with exposure to RA (P = 0.024, OR=1.25; 95% CI = 1.03, 1.52), T1D (P < 0.001, OR=1.27 95% CI = 1.11,1.46), and SLE (P = 0.037, OR=1.14; 95% CI = 1.04,1.26). Conversely, no significant genetic causal relationship with AIT was found for Sjögren’s syndrome (SS), Ankylosing Spondylitis (AS), Multiple sclerosis (MS), Crohn’s disease (CD), and Ulcerative colitis (UC).

Conclusion

This study identified RA, T1D, and SLE as triggering factors for AIT. The incidence rate of AIT in patients with RA, T1D, and SLE may be higher than that in the general population. Therefore, individuals with these three diseases should undergo regular monitoring of thyroid-related indicators.
The ubiquitin-proteasome system in the tumor immune microenvironment: a key force in combination therapy
Authors: Wang Yongmei , Li Saisai , Wang Wenqin
Published: September 2024

The ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) plays a crucial role in modulating the proliferation, activation, and normal functioning of immune cells through the regulation of protein degradation and function. By influencing the expression of immune checkpoint-associated proteins, the UPS modulates T cell-mediated anti-tumor immune responses and can potentially facilitate the immune escape of tumor cells. Additionally, the UPS contributes to the remodeling of the tumor immunosuppressive microenvironment (TIME) by regulating B cells, dendritic cells (DCs), macrophages, and Treg cells. Targeting the UPS in conjunction with immune checkpoint-associated proteins, and combining these with other therapeutic approaches, may significantly enhance the efficacy of combination therapies and pave the way for novel cancer treatment strategies. In this review, we first summarize the composition and alterations of the TIME, with a particular emphasis on the role of the UPS in TIME and its interactions with various immune cell types. Finally, we explore the potential of combining UPS-targeted therapies with immunotherapy to substantially improve the effectiveness of immunotherapy and enhance patient survival outcomes.
Differential regulation of heparan sulfate biosynthesis in fibroblasts cocultured with normal vs. cancerous prostate cells
Authors: Grigorieva Elvira V. , Strokotova Anastasia V. , Ernberg Ingemar , Kashuba Vladimir I.
Published: September 2024

Heparan sulfate proteoglycans (HSPGs) regulate a wide range of biological activities in both physiological and pathological conditions. Altered expression or deregulated function of HSPGs and their heparan sulfate (HS) chains significantly contribute to carcinogenesis as well and crucially depends on the functioning of the complex system of HS biosynthetic/modifying enzymes termed as “GAGosome”. Here, we aimed at investigating the expression profile of the system in a cell culture model of stroma-epithelial crosstalk and searching for transcription factors potentially related to the regulation of expression of the genes involved. Coculture of BjTERT-fibroblasts with normal PNT2 human prostate epithelial cells resulted in significant downregulation (2-4-fold) of transcriptional activity of HS metabolism-involved genes (EXT1/2, NDST1/2, GLCE, HS2ST1, HS3ST1/2, HS6ST1/2, SULF1/2, HPSE) in both cell types, whereas coculture with prostate cancer cells (LNCaP, PC3, DU145) demonstrated no significant interchanges. Human Transcription Factor RT2 Profiler PCR array and manual RT-PCR verification supposed FOS, MYC, E2F, SRF, NR3C1 as potential candidates for regulation and/or coordination of HS biosynthesis. Taken together, transcriptional activity of HS biosynthetic system in normal fibroblasts and prostate epithelial cells during their coculture might be controlled by their intercellular communication, reflecting of adaptation of these cells to each other. The regulation is attenuated or abrogated if normal fibroblasts interact with prostate cancer cells making the cancer cells independent of the limiting effects of fibroblasts, thus contributing to possibility of unlimited growth and progression. Overall, these data demonstrate an ability of cell-cell interactions to affect transcriptional activity of HS biosynthesis-involved genes.
Spatiotemporal evolution of air-sea CO2 flux in the Northwest Pacific and its response to ENSO
Authors: Shi Haiyi , Chen Ying , Gao Hui
Published: September 2024

Global warming, driven by human activities since the Industrial Revolution, has significantly elevated atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) levels, leading to higher global temperatures and a rise in extreme weather events. The ocean, as a major carbon sink, has absorbed about 30% of human-induced carbon emissions, helping mitigate global warming’s impacts. This study examines the spatiotemporal distribution of air-sea CO2 flux in the Northwest Pacific from 1982 to 2021 and its response to El Niño-Southern Oscillation, using Empirical Orthogonal Function and composite analysis. The seasonal patterns of air-sea CO2 flux and the influence of environmental factors were further evaluated. The results show that air-sea CO2 flux in the Northwest Pacific exhibits clear seasonal fluctuations. In winter, high-latitude areas act as significant carbon sources. Strong winds deepen the mixed layer, promoting CO2 release from the ocean into the atmosphere. In contrast, in summer, longer daylight hours, rising SST, and melting sea ice lead to upwelling, which brings nutrients to the surface and stimulates phytoplankton growth. This process turns the region into a carbon sink as phytoplankton growth, driven by intense sunlight, enhances the ocean’s CO2 absorption. The mid-latitude region consistently acts as a carbon sink year-round. During El Niño events, more negative air-sea CO2 flux anomalies appear in the eastern Northwest Pacific, enhancing carbon uptake. La Niña events have the opposite effect in the eastern regions. These findings highlight the Northwest Pacific’s critical role in modulating regional and global carbon cycles under varying climatic conditions. Understanding these dynamics is crucial for improving predictions of future climate impacts and for developing effective strategies to mitigate global warming.
Prokinetic effect of erythromycin in the management of gastroparesis in critically ill patients—our experience and literature review
Authors: Szczupak Mateusz , Jankowska Magdalena , Jankowski Bartłomiej , Wierzchowska Jolanta , Kobak Jacek , Szczupak Paweł , Kosydar-Bochenek Justyna , Krupa-Nurcek Sabina
Published: September 2024

Introduction

Gastroparesis is a disorder characterized by impaired gastric emptying and the accumulation of food in the intestines without any clear mechanical cause. Gastroparesis in critical care patients is a prevalent issue in the intensive care unit. The disruption of normal gastrointestinal motility in critically ill patients is linked to a significant risk of intolerance to enteral feeding, colonization of the gastrointestinal tract with pathogenic bacterial strains, increased permeability of the intestinal wall, translocation of the intestinal microbiota, leading to progressive malnutrition, and potential development of bacterial infection.

Materials and methods

The literature was reviewed to assess the benefits and risks associated with the use of this medication.

Aim

The aim of the study was to treat the symptoms of gastroparesis and stimulate gastrointestinal motility. Consequently, the aim was to reduce the amount of backed-up food content in the stomach, accelerate gastrointestinal motility, and return to intestinal feeding.

Results

Gastroparesis is a frequent issue among patients in the intensive care unit. Critical illness can lead to gastrointestinal motility disorders, causing slowed gastric emptying. This increases the risk of problems such as intolerance to enteral feeding, regurgitation, and aspiration of gastrointestinal contents into the respiratory tract, as well as colonization of the gastrointestinal tract by pathogens. Over time, impaired intestinal absorption can result in malnutrition, necessitating the initiation of parenteral nutrition.

Conclusion

After analysis of the literature and published scientific reports, as well as considering their own research, it is evident that erythromycin, as a prokinetic drug, effectively enhances gastrointestinal motility. This contributes to stimulating gastric emptying in critically ill patients with gastroparesis who are hospitalized in an intensive care unit. The use of erythromycin in combination with metoclopramide and/or itopride hydrochloride allows for a synergistic effect, leading to the quickest possible return to enteral feeding.
Response of soil fungal-community structure and function to land conversion to agriculture in desert grassland
Authors: Kang Peng , Hu Jinpeng , Pan Yaqing , Qu Xuan , Ran Yichao , Yang Chenxi , Liu Bingru
Published: September 2024

Land conversion to agriculture is an important factor affecting soil ecological processes in the desert grasslands of northern China. However, soil fungal-community structure and function in response to Land conversion remain unclear. In this study, desert grassland, artificial shrubland, and land conversion were investigated in the western part of the Mu Us Sandland (Yanchi, Ningxia; Dingbian, Shaanxi). We found that land conversion significantly increased soil total carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus, and available phosphorous and potassium contents. In the early stage of conversion to agricultural (April), soil fungal operational taxonomic units and abundance-based coverage estimator were lower than those of dessert grasslands and shrubland plots and had significant correlations with pH, electric conductivity, and available phosphorus and potassium. The dominant phyla strongly correlated with soil physicochemical properties. Concomitantly, the relative abundance of Glomeromycota was significantly lower, and the complexity of the network in the land conversion plots was lower than that in the shrubland plots. In the late stage of land conversion (September), soil fungal operational taxonomic units and abundance-based coverage estimator were lower in the conversion plots than in the desert grassland plots, with more complex network relationships compared to the desert grassland or shrubland plots. Symbiotrophic groups, a functional group of desert grassland soil fungi, can be used as a predictor of environmental change; in addition, land conversion decreases the relative abundance of arbuscular mycorrhizal functional groups. Our study highlights the response of soil fungal communities and functions to human disturbances in desert grasslands. Considering the potential of land conversion to agriculture to influence soil secondary salinization, there is a need for continued observation of soil ecological health over the time continuum of land conversion to agriculture.
Multi-omics analysis reveals the effects of host-rumen microbiota interactions on growth performance in a goat model
Authors: Chen Juncai , Zhang Xiaoli , Chang Xuan , Wei Bingni , Fang Yan , Song Shanshan , Gong Daxiang , Huang Deli , Sun Yawang , Dong Xianwen , Zhao Yongju , Zhao Zhongquan
Published: September 2024

The growth rate of young ruminants has been associated with production performance in later life, with recent studies highlighting the importance of rumen microbes in supporting the health and growth of ruminants. However, the specific role of rumen epithelium bacteria and microbiota-host interactions in influencing the early life growth rate of ruminants remains poorly understood. In this study, we investigated the rumen fermentation pattern, microbiota characteristics, and global gene expression profiles of the rumen epithelium in 6-month-old goats with varying growth rates. Our results showed that goats with high average daily gain (HADG) exhibited higher rumen propionate concentrations. Goats with low average daily gain (LADG) had the higher relative abundances of rumen epithelium bacteria genera U29-B03 and Quinella, while exhibiting a lower relative abundance of Lachnospiraceae UCG-009. In the rumen fluid, the relative abundances of bacteria genus Alloprevotella were lower and Desulfovibrio were higher in LADG goats compared to HADG goats. Additionally, the relative abundance of fungal genus Symmetrospora was lower in LADG goats compared to HADG goats. Transcriptome analysis showed that 415 genes were differentially expressed between LADG and HADG goats, which were enriched in functions related to cell junction and cell adhesion, etc. Correlation analysis revealed that rumen epithelium bacteria genera UCG-005 and Candidatus Saccharimonas were negatively associated, while Lachnospiraceae NK3A20 group and Oscillospiraceae NK4A214 group were positively associated with average daily gain (ADG) and genes related to barrier function. The rumen fluid bacteria genus Alloprevotella was positively correlated, while Desulfovibrio was negatively correlated with rumen propionate and ammoniacal nitrogen (NH3-N) concentrations, as well as genes related to barrier function and short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) transport. In summary, our study reveals that the higher ruminal fermentation efficiency, improved rumen epithelial barrier functions, and enhanced SCFAs transport in HADG goats could be attributed to the rumen microbiota, particularly the rumen epithelium bacteria, such as Lachnospiraceae and Oscillospiraceae NK4A214 group.
Machine learning-based prediction of early neurological deterioration after intravenous thrombolysis for stroke: insights from a large multicenter study
Authors: Wen Rui , Wang Miaoran , Bian Wei , Zhu Haoyue , Xiao Ying , Zeng Jing , He Qian , Wang Yu , Liu Xiaoqing , Shi Yangdi , Zhang Linzhi , Hong Zhe , Xu Bing
Published: September 2024

Background

This investigation seeks to ascertain the efficacy of various machine learning models in forecasting early neurological deterioration (END) following thrombolysis in patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS).

Methods

Employing data from the Shenyang Stroke Emergency Map database, this multicenter study compiled information on 7,570 AIS patients from 29 comprehensive hospitals who received thrombolytic therapy between January 2019 and December 2021. An independent testing cohort was constituted from 2,046 patients at the First People’s Hospital of Shenyang. The dataset incorporated 15 pertinent clinical and therapeutic variables. The principal outcome assessed was the occurrence of END post-thrombolysis. Model development was executed using an 80/20 split for training and internal validation, employing classifiers like logistic regression with lasso regularization (lasso regression), support vector machine (SVM), random forest (RF), gradient-boosted decision tree (GBDT), and multi-layer perceptron (MLP). The model with the highest area under the curve (AUC) was utilized to delineate feature significance.

Results

Baseline characteristics showed variability in END incidence between the training (n = 7,570; END incidence 22%) and external validation cohorts (n = 2,046; END incidence 10%; p < 0.001). Notably, all machine learning models demonstrated superior AUC values compared to the reference model, indicating their enhanced predictive capacity. The lasso regression model achieved the highest AUC at 0.829 (95% CI: 0.799–0.86; p < 0.001), closely followed by the MLP model with an AUC of 0.828 (95% CI: 0.799–0.858; p < 0.001). The SVM, RF, and GBDT models also showed commendable AUCs of 0.753, 0.797, and 0.774, respectively. Decision curve analysis revealed that the SVM and MLP models demonstrated a high net benefit. Feature importance analysis emphasized “Onset To Needle Time” and “Admission NIHSS Score” as significant predictors.

Conclusion

Our research establishes the MLP and lasso regression as robust tools for predicting early neurological deterioration in acute ischemic stroke patients following thrombolysis. Their superior predictive accuracy, compared to traditional models, highlights the significant potential of machine learning approaches in refining prognosis and enhancing clinical decisions in stroke care management. This advancement paves the way for more tailored therapeutic strategies, ultimately aiming to improve patient outcomes in clinical practice.
Efficient federated learning for distributed neuroimaging data
Authors: Thapaliya Bishal , Ohib Riyasat , Geenjaar Eloy , Liu Jingyu , Calhoun Vince , Plis Sergey M.
Published: September 2024

Recent advancements in neuroimaging have led to greater data sharing among the scientific community. However, institutions frequently maintain control over their data, citing concerns related to research culture, privacy, and accountability. This creates a demand for innovative tools capable of analyzing amalgamated datasets without the need to transfer actual data between entities. To address this challenge, we propose a decentralized sparse federated learning (FL) strategy. This approach emphasizes local training of sparse models to facilitate efficient communication within such frameworks. By capitalizing on model sparsity and selectively sharing parameters between client sites during the training phase, our method significantly lowers communication overheads. This advantage becomes increasingly pronounced when dealing with larger models and accommodating the diverse resource capabilities of various sites. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach through the application to the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) dataset.
8-weeks aerobic exercise ameliorates cognitive deficit and mitigates ferroptosis triggered by iron overload in the prefrontal cortex of APPSwe/PSEN1dE9 mice through Xc−/GPx4 pathway
Authors: Li Chaoyang , Cui Kaiyin , Zhu Xinyuan , Wang Shufan , Yang Qing , Fang Guoliang
Published: September 2024

Background

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a degenerative disorder of the central nervous system characterized by notable pathological features such as neurofibrillary tangles and amyloid beta deposition. Additionally, the significant iron accumulation in the brain is another important pathological hallmark of AD. Exercise can play a positive role in ameliorating AD, but the mechanism is unclear. The purpose of the study is to explore the effect of regular aerobic exercise iron homeostasis and lipid antioxidant pathway regarding ferroptosis in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) of APPSwe/PSEN1dE9 (APP/PS1) mice.

Methods

Eighty 6-month-old C57BL/6 J and APP/PS1 mice were divided equally into 8-weeks aerobic exercise groups and sedentary groups. Subsequently, Y-maze, Morris water maze test, iron ion detection by probe, Western Blot, ELISA, RT-qPCR, HE, Nissle, Prussian Blue, IHC, IF, and FJ-C staining experiments were conducted to quantitatively assess the behavioral performance, iron levels, iron-metabolism-related proteins, lipid antioxidant-related proteins and morphology in each group of mice.

Results

In APP/PS1 mice, the increase in heme input proteins and heme oxygenase lead to the elevated levels of free iron in the PFC. The decrease in ferritin content by ferritin autophagy fails to meet the storage needs for excess free iron within the nerve cells. Ultimately, the increase of free ferrous iron triggers the Fenton reaction, may lead to ferroptosis and resulting in cognitive impairment in APP/PS1 mice. However, 8-weeks aerobic exercise induce upregulation of the Xc−/GPx4 pathway, which can reverse the lipid peroxidation process, thereby inhibiting ferroptosis in APP/PS1 mice.

Conclusion

8 weeks aerobic exercise can improve learning and memory abilities in AD, upregulate GPx4/Xc− pathway in PFC to reduce ferroptosis induced by AD.
The dual role of TRPV1 in peripheral neuropathic pain: pain switches caused by its sensitization or desensitization
Authors: Gao Ning , Li Meng , Wang Weiming , Liu Zhen , Guo Yufeng
Published: September 2024

The transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) channel plays a dual role in peripheral neuropathic pain (NeuP) by acting as a “pain switch” through its sensitization and desensitization. Hyperalgesia, commonly resulting from tissue injury or inflammation, involves the sensitization of TRPV1 channels, which modulates sensory transmission from primary afferent nociceptors to spinal dorsal horn neurons. In chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN), TRPV1 is implicated in neuropathic pain mechanisms due to its interaction with ion channels, neurotransmitter signaling, and oxidative stress. Sensitization of TRPV1 in dorsal root ganglion neurons contributes to CIPN development, and inhibition of TRPV1 channels can reduce chemotherapy-induced mechanical hypersensitivity. In diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN), TRPV1 is involved in pain modulation through pathways including reactive oxygen species and cytokine production. TRPV1’s interaction with TRPA1 channels further influences chronic pain onset and progression. Therapeutically, capsaicin, a TRPV1 agonist, can induce analgesia through receptor desensitization, while TRPV1 antagonists and siRNA targeting TRPV1 show promise in preclinical studies. Cannabinoid modulation of TRPV1 provides another potential pathway for alleviating neuropathic pain. This review summarizes recent preclinical research on TRPV1 in association with peripheral NeuP.
The application of lung immune prognostic index in predicting the prognosis of 302 STS patients
Authors: Jiang Yong , Zou Chang , He Xuanhong , Li Longqing , Luo Yi , Lu Minxun , Li Zhuangzhuang , Gong Taojun , Wang Yitian , Min Li , Zhou Yong , Tu Chongqi
Published: September 2024

Background

Soft tissue sarcoma (STS) are heterogeneous and rare tumors, and few studies have explored predicting the prognosis of patients with STS. The Lung Immune Prognostic Index (LIPI), calculated based on baseline serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and the derived neutrophils/(leukocytes minus neutrophils) ratio (dNLR), was considered effective in predicting the prognosis of patients with pulmonary cancer and other malignancies. However, the efficacy of the LIPI in predicting the prognosis of patients with STS remains unclear.

Methods

This study retrospectively reviewed patients with STS admitted to our center from January 2016 to January 2021. Their hematological and clinical characteristics were collected and analyzed to construct the LIPI specific to STS. The correlations between various predictive factors and overall survival (OS) were examined using Kaplan–Meier and Cox regression analyses. Independent risk factors for OS were identified using univariate and multivariate analyses. Finally, a LIPI nomogram model for STS was established.

Results

This study enrolled 302 patients with STS, of which 87 (28.9%), 162 (53.6%), and 53 (17.5%) were classified into three LIPI-based categories: good, moderate, and poor, respectively (P < 0.0001). The time-dependent operator curve showed that the LIPI had better prognostic predictive ability than other hematological and clinical characteristics. Univariate and multivariate analyses identified the Fédération Nationale des Centres de Lutte Contre le Cancer grade (FNCLCC/G), tumor size, and LIPI as independent risk factors. Finally, a nomogram was constructed by integrating the significant prognostic factors. Its C-index was 0.72, and the calibration curve indicated that it could accurately predict the three- and five-year OS of patients with STS. The decision and clinical impact curves also indicated that implementing this LIPI-nomogram could significantly benefit patients with STS.

Conclusion

This study explored the efficacy of the LIPI in predicting the prognosis of 302 patients with STS, classifying them into three categories to evaluate the prognosis. It also reconstructed a LIPI-based nomogram to assist clinicians in predicting the three- and five-year OS of patients with STS, potentially enabling timely intervention and customized management.