bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Deformation of one-sided surfaces
Authors: Cheshkova M.A.
Published: February 2022

The work is devoted to the study of the deformation of one-sided sur­faces. Let a normal vector be drawn along a closed curve on the surface. If, when returning to the original point, the direction of the normal coin­cides with the original direction of the normal, then the surface is called two-sided. Otherwise, we have a one-sided surface. Unilateral surfaces include: crossed cap, Roman surface, Boya surface, Klein bottle. Roman surface, Boya surface and crossed hood are a model of the projective plane.

It is proved that if the surface is a model of a Moebius strip, of a Klein bottle, of projective plane, then the surface deformation is a Moebius strip model, a Klein bottle model, projective plane model respectively.

Using a mathematical package, graphs are built the surfaces under consideration.
The composite equipment for manifold of hypercentered planes, whose dimension coincides with dimension of generating plane
Authors: Vyalova A.V. , Shevchenko Yu. I.
Published: February 2022

In n-dimensional projective space Pn a manifold , i. e., a family of pairs of planes one of which is a hyperplane in the other, is considered. A principal bundle arises over it, . A typi­cal fiber is the stationarity subgroup of the generator of pair of planes: external plane and its multidimensional center — hyperplane. The princi­pal bundle contains four factor-bundles.

A fundamental-group connection is set by the Laptev — Lumiste method in the associated fibering. It is shown that the connection object contains four subobjects that define connections in the corresponding fac­tor-bundles. It is proved that the curvature object of fundamental-group connection forms pseudotensor. It contains four subpseudotensors, which are curvature objects of the corresponding subconnections.

The composite equipment of the family of hypercentered planes set by means of a point lying in the plane and not belonging to its hypercent­er and an (n – m – 1)-dimensional plane, which does not have common points with the hypercentered plane. It is proved, that composite equip­ment induces the fundamental-group connections of two types in the as­sociated fibering.
Uptake of Recommendations for Posttreatment Cancer-Related Fatigue Among Breast Cancer Survivors
Authors: Di Meglio Antonio , Charles Cecile , Martin Elise , Havas Julie , Gbenou Arnauld , Flaysakier Jean-Daniel , Martin Anne-Laure , Everhard Sibille , Laas Enora , Chopin Nicolas , Vanlemmens Laurence , Jouannaud Christelle , Levy Christelle , Rigal Olivier , Fournier Marion , Soulie Patrick , Scotte Florian , Pistilli Barbara , Dumas Agnes , Menvielle Gwenn , André Fabrice , Michiels Stefan , Dauchy Sarah , Vaz-Luis Ines
Published: February 2022

Background: Physical activity (PA) and psychosocial interventions are recommended management strategies for cancer-related fatigue (CRF). Randomized trials support the use of mind–body techniques, whereas no data show benefit for homeopathy or naturopathy. Methods: We used data from CANTO (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT01993498), a multicenter, prospective study of stage I–III breast cancer (BC). CRF, evaluated after primary treatment completion using the EORTC QLQ-C30 (global CRF) and QLQ-FA12 (physical, emotional, and cognitive dimensions), served as the independent variable (severe [score of ≥40/100] vs nonsevere). Outcomes of interest were adherence to PA recommendations (≥10 metabolic equivalent of task [MET] h/week [GPAQ-16]) and participation in consultations with a psychologist, psychiatrist, acupuncturist, or other complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) practitioner (homeopath and/or naturopath) after CRF assessment. Multivariable logistic regression examined associations between CRF and outcomes, adjusting for sociodemographic, psychologic, tumor, and treatment characteristics. Results: Among 7,902 women diagnosed from 2012 through 2017, 36.4% reported severe global CRF, and 35.8%, 22.6%, and 14.1% reported severe physical, emotional, and cognitive CRF, respectively. Patients reporting severe global CRF were less likely to adhere to PA recommendations (60.4% vs 66.7%; adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 0.82; 95% CI, 0.71–0.94; P=.004), and slightly more likely to see a psychologist (13.8% vs 7.5%; aOR, 1.29; 95% CI, 1.05–1.58; P=.014), psychiatrist (10.4% vs 5.0%; aOR, 1.39; 95% CI, 1.10–1.76; P=.0064), acupuncturist (9.8% vs 6.5%; aOR, 1.46; 95% CI, 1.17–1.82; P=.0008), or CAM practitioner (12.5% vs 8.2%; aOR, 1.49; 95% CI, 1.23–1.82; P<.0001). There were differences in recommendation uptake by CRF dimension, including that severe physical CRF was associated with lower adherence to PA (aOR, 0.74; 95% CI, 0.63–0.86; P=.0001) and severe emotional CRF was associated with higher likelihood of psychologic consultations (aOR, 1.37; 95% CI, 1.06–1.79; P=.017). Conclusions: Uptake of recommendations to improve CRF, including adequate PA and use of psychosocial services, seemed suboptimal among patients with early-stage BC, whereas there was a nonnegligible interest in homeopathy and naturopathy. Findings of this large study indicate the need to implement recommendations for managing CRF in clinical practice.
Preoperative and Postoperative Approaches to Gastroesophageal Cancer: What is All the Fuss About
Authors: Ma Lucy X. , Panov Elan D. , Allen Michael J. , Darling Gail E. , Yeung Jonathan C. , Swallow Carol J. , Brar Savtaj S. , Wong Rebecca K. , Veit-Haibach Patrick , Kalimuthu Sangeetha N. , Chen Eric X. , Jang Raymond W. , Elimova Elena
Published: February 2022

Gastroesophageal cancers carry poor prognoses, and are a leading cause of cancer-related morbidity and mortality worldwide. Even in those with resectable disease, more than half of patients treated with surgery alone experience disease recurrence. Multimodality approaches using preoperative and postoperative chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy have been established, resulting in incremental improvements in outcomes. Globally, there is no standardized approach, and treatment varies with geographic location. The question remains of how to select the optimal perioperative treatment that will maximize benefit for patients while avoiding toxicities from unnecessary therapies. This article reviews currently available evidence supporting preoperative and postoperative therapy in gastroesophageal cancers, with an emphasis on recent practice-changing trials and ongoing areas of investigation, including the role of immune checkpoint inhibition and biomarker-guided treatment.
Gastric Cancer, Version 2.2022, NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology
Authors: Ajani Jaffer A. , D’Amico Thomas A. , Bentrem David J. , Chao Joseph , Cooke David , Corvera Carlos , Das Prajnan , Enzinger Peter C. , Enzler Thomas , Fanta Paul , Farjah Farhood , Gerdes Hans , Gibson Michael K. , Hochwald Steven , Hofstetter Wayne L. , Ilson David H. , Keswani Rajesh N. , Kim Sunnie , Kleinberg Lawrence R. , Klempner Samuel J. , Lacy Jill , Ly Quan P. , Matkowskyj Kristina A. , McNamara Michael , Mulcahy Mary F. , Outlaw Darryl , Park Haeseong , Perry Kyle A. , Pimiento Jose , Poultsides George A. , Reznik Scott , Roses Robert E. , Strong Vivian E. , Su Stacey , Wang Hanlin L. , Wiesner Georgia , Willett Christopher G. , Yakoub Danny , Yoon Harry , McMillian Nicole , Pluchino Lenora A.
Published: February 2022

Gastric cancer is the third leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Over 95% of gastric cancers are adenocarcinomas, which are typically classified based on anatomic location and histologic type. Gastric cancer generally carries a poor prognosis because it is often diagnosed at an advanced stage. Systemic therapy can provide palliation, improved survival, and enhanced quality of life in patients with locally advanced or metastatic disease. The implementation of biomarker testing, especially analysis of HER2 status, microsatellite instability (MSI) status, and the expression of programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1), has had a significant impact on clinical practice and patient care. Targeted therapies including trastuzumab, nivolumab, and pembrolizumab have produced encouraging results in clinical trials for the treatment of patients with locally advanced or metastatic disease. Palliative management, which may include systemic therapy, chemoradiation, and/or best supportive care, is recommended for all patients with unresectable or metastatic cancer. Multidisciplinary team management is essential for all patients with localized gastric cancer. This selection from the NCCN Guidelines for Gastric Cancer focuses on the management of unresectable locally advanced, recurrent, or metastatic disease.
Perspectivas da geração e aplicação da energia solar fotovoltaica no Brasil: uma revisão da literatura (2015-2019)
Authors: Oliveira Esdras Alex Freire de , Araújo Filho José Gonçalves de
Published: February 2022

O presente estudo tem por objetivo realizar uma revisão na literatura no período de 2015 a 2019 sobre a geração e uso da energia solar fotovoltaica no Brasil. Foram realizadas pesquisas por artigos científicos em bases de dados como SCOPUS e SCIELO, a partir dos critérios de inclusão:  publicações nacionais e internacionais na forma de artigos científicos originais e artigos publicados em periódicos avaliados por pares. E posteriormente utilizados palavras chaves: energia fotovoltaica (photovoltaic energy) e sistemas fotovoltaicos (photovoltaic systems). Também foi considerado as publicações oficiais sobre o balanço energético nacional (Empresa de Pesquisa Energética - EPE). A conclusão é que a tecnologia fotovoltaica vem sendo mais utilizada em sistemas híbridos de geração de energia em sistemas conectados à rede convencional de energia e principalmente, em combinação com a energia eólica. Apesar de ser uma fonte energética alternativa com uso bastante disseminado, ainda enfrenta entrave devido, principalmente, aos elevados custos para financiamento dos painéis solares.
Mudanças na qualidade da água em área de intervenção do projeto produtor de água: bacia hidrográfica do rio Camboriú-SC
Authors: Santos Paulo Henrique , Schwingel Paulo Ricardo
Published: February 2022

A Bacia Hidrográfica do Rio Camboriú (BHRC) localiza-se no litoral centro-norte do Estado de Santa Catarina. A cada ano o recurso hídrico é mais exigido em função do crescimento demográfico. Diante da crescente necessidade de água, a Agência Nacional de Águas desenvolveu estratégia para colaborar na resolução do problema, falta de água, o Programa Produtor de Água, sua meta principal, aumento da quantidade e qualidade da água em bacias hidrográficas. O presente trabalho analisou a possível mudança na qualidade da água da BHRC entre 2001 a 2017. Para verificar estas possíveis mudanças foram analisados os parâmetros: temperatura, oxigênio dissolvido, condutividade, potencial hidrogeniônico, turbidez, demanda bioquímica de oxigênio, amônio, nitrato, nitrito, fosfato, silício e clorofíla-a. Foram analisados dados de quatro autores para os períodos de 2001/2002; 2005/2206; 2014/2015; 2015/2016 e 2014 a 2017. Foi observado que 67,6% dos parâmetros analisados apresentaram melhoria na qualidade e 29,4% permaneceram constantes.
O Lixo e a Água na Microrregião do Vale do Açu/RN
Authors: Silva Filho Raimundo Inácio da , Pinto Francisco Ringostar
Published: February 2022

Neste artigo buscamos mostrar o processo de destinação final dos resíduos sólidos (lixo) na microrregião do Vale do Açu/RN e como essa prática inadequada é capaz de comprometer os reservatórios e mananciais de agua no entorno dos lixões, uma vez que o vale açuense é detentor das maiores reservas hídricas dentre os 147 municípios que integram o Comitê da Bacia Hidrográfica do Rio Piancó-Piranhas-Açu (CBH-PPA). As determinações da Política Nacional de Resíduos Sólidos (PNRS) e as ações do Consórcio Intermunicipal de Saneamento Básico do Vale do Açu não tem sido suficientes para avançar no tratamento ambientalmente adequado do lixo. A falta de integração entre as políticas do Estado brasileiro, que tratam dos respectivos temas, o lixo e água seguem misturados, ameaçando poluir e contaminar as águas e os solos da microrregião. A disposição final do lixo nesse espaço geográfico ocorre nos lixões a céu aberto, próximos aos reservatórios e mananciais. O trabalho consistiu em revisão bibliográfica, pesquisa documental e de campo, com visitas aos municípios do Vale do Açu, à procura de dados primários e secundários. Conclui-se que, para resolver o problema do tratamento do lixo de forma eficaz, a ponto de não comprometer a contaminação das águas, é imprescindível a implantação do consórcio público, a construção de um aterro sanitário, apoio técnico e financeiro aos municípios e aos catadores de materiais.
Logística, indicadores socioeconômicos e perdas pós-colheita de hortifrútis em cinco cidades Maranhenses
Authors: Figueirinha Késsia Tenório , Ferreira Lusiane de Sousa , Amorim Deucleiton Jardim , Ferreira Antonio Gabriel da Costa , Martins Ana Karoline Viana , Aguiar Francisco Ivo dos Santos , Almeida Edmilson Igor Bernardo , Freitas José Roberto Brito , Araújo Ricardo Alves de , Oliveira Leonardo Bernardes Taverny de
Published: February 2022

O segmento de hortifrútis ocupa lugar de destaque no agronegócio brasileiro, entretanto enfrenta entraves quanto a perdas pós-colheita. Os estudos sobre esse tema são escassos no Maranhão, especialmente em municípios de pequeno porte. Diante disso, objetivou-se realizar um levantamento socioeconômico e de perdas pós-colheita de hortifrútis no mercado varejista de Afonso Cunha, Codó, Coroatá, Santa Filomena e São Mateus do Maranhão. O estudo foi conduzido através de entrevistas diretas em 76 estabelecimentos, através de um questionário composto por perguntas objetivas, relacionadas a aspectos socioeconômicos, manuseio, transporte, armazenamento, comercialização e perdas pós-colheitas de hortifrútis. Conclui-se que a maioria dos comerciantes apresenta baixo conhecimento técnico de produção (89%), gestão (71%) e comercialização (62%) de hortifrútis. O grau de escolaridade é predominantemente incipiente e apenas 16% apresentam curso superior. A renda mensal abrange um a dois salários mínimos (66%). As frutas e hortaliças apresentam procedência externa, majoritariamente da Bahia, Ceará e Piauí (85%). Banana e tomate exibem o maior volume ofertado e estão presentes em mais de 90% dos estabelecimentos visitados. Entre as frutas, 69,23% apresentam perdas relativas de magnitude média a alta, ao passo que 100% das hortaliças analisadas estão nesse patamar de perdas. As desordens fisiológicas são os principais agentes causais e englobam amadurecimento precoce, murchamento, enrugamento da epiderme, brotamento e coloração desuniforme. Torna-se evidente a necessidade de capacitação dos comerciantes quanto a aspectos de gerenciamento e boas práticas pós-colheita, de modo que haja melhorias na qualidade dos hortifrútis ofertados, segurança alimentar e desenvolvimento socioeconômico.
Hortfértil: planilhas para interpretação da análise de solo e recomendação de adubação para hortaliças
Authors: Lopes Klayton Antonio do Lago Lopes , Silva Taciella Fernandes , Oliveira Ismênia Ribeiro de , Dantas Jussara Silva , Almeida Edmilson Igor Bernardo
Published: February 2022

O desenvolvimento de planilha eletrônica voltada para a recomendação de adubação permitirá trabalhar os dados de forma tecnicamente correta, com maior simplicidade e rapidez. Nesse contexto, o presente trabalho objetivou desenvolver um conjunto de planilhas eletrônicas para recomendação de fertilizantes orgânicos e minerais para hortaliças de importância socioeconômica no Estado do Maranhão. O conjunto de planilhas, denominado Hortfértil, foi criado utilizando o Microsoft Excel, devido sua capacidade de trabalhar com operações numéricas, e ser possível aplicar funções para modelagem dos dados. O Hortfértil realiza a recomendação de corretivos e fertilizantes para as culturas: milho verde, quiabo, feijão verde, melancia, cebolinha, coentro, alface e couve-folha. Para cada cultura foram elaboradas duas planilhas, sendo uma de cálculo (não visível para o usuário) e uma de apresentação, onde o usuário insere o nome do produtor, o espaçamento da cultura, o tamanho da área a ser cultivada, o PRNT do calcário a ser utilizado, escolhe os fertilizantes e tem como saída os valores recomendados. As planilhas realizam a recomendação para dois anos de cultivo em função da percentagem de mineralização no decorrer do tempo. Para realizar o cálculo de recomendação da adubação foi utilizada a ferramenta 'Solver' para encontrar a melhor combinação de fertilizantes de acordo com a exigência da cultura. Ao final do processo de recomendação da adubação, o resultado pode ser impresso ou salvo em PDF na área de trabalho. O Hortfértil apresenta-se como uma ferramenta promissora na recomendação de adubação orgânica e mineral para hortaliças. Devido sua complexidade de funcionamento exige um grande período de avaliação e experimentação para poder ser comprovada sua aplicabilidade e eficiência na recomendação de fertilizantes.
Sistema de baixo custo para monitoramento remoto da qualidade da água
Authors: Targino Igor Furtado , Feitosa Patricia Herminio Cunha , Barbosa Dayse Luna , Brandão Igor Antônio de Paiva
Published: February 2022

A qualidade da água para consumo humano influencia diretamente no bem-estar dos seus consumidores. Doenças infectocontagiosas de veiculação hídrica surgem como problemas de saúde pública que poderiam ser evitados pela fiscalização contínua dos sistemas de abastecimento de água quanto ao atendimento dos padrões de potabilidade apresentados na Portaria de Consolidação nº 5/2017 do Ministério da Saúde. Comunidades que residem em áreas mais afastadas dos centros urbanos e que fazem uso de águas advindas de sistemas alternativos de abastecimento, são muitas vezes excluídas de ações de fiscalização dos parâmetros de qualidade da água, geralmente pela dificuldade de acesso e de logística que há para coleta de amostras nesses locais. Os parâmetros pH e Turbidez, utilizados para controle da qualidade água de solução alternativa coletiva, informam sobre a presença de substâncias contaminantes que podem oferecer risco à saúde humana. O uso de sistemas de monitoramento remoto para acompanhar as variações desses parâmetros apresenta-se como solução de controle qualitativo da água que abastece tais comunidades, permitindo a verificação em tempo real de eventuais alterações na qualidade da água. Este trabalho teve como objetivo desenvolver um dispositivo de baixo custo para monitorar em tempo real os parâmetros de pH, turbidez e temperatura da água. Para isso, foi criado um hardware, contendo componentes sensoriais, controladores e de alimentação, seguindo-se a programação do software em linguagem Arduino, similar à linguagem C. A calibração e validação dos sensores foram feitas mediante ensaios no Laboratório de Saneamento da Universidade Federal de Campina Grande (UFCG), utilizando pHmetro e turbidímetro. O sistema foi testado em um reservatório de água da UFCG e enviava os dados coletados em tempo real para a plataforma online ThingSpeak, que apresentava graficamente as informações sobre os parâmetros de interesse. Os resultados obtidos comprovaram a eficiência do sistema para monitoramento do pH, turbidez e temperatura da água, permitindo que este venha a ser futuramente utilizado para maximizar o controle da qualidade da água em cisternas rurais, por exemplo.
Up regulated virulence genes in M. tuberculosis H37Rv gleaned from genome wide expression profiles
Authors:   Computational Omics Lab, Centre of Bioinformatics, University of Allahabad, Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh - 211002 India, Kumari Rohini
Published: February 2022

Identification of up regulated virulence genes in M. tuberculosis H37Rv using genome wide expression profiles is of interest in drug discovery for the disease. Hence, we report 17 up-regulated PPIN (Protein-Protein Interaction Network) enriched potential virulence linked genes using expression data available at the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database for further consideration.
Plastome data analysis of Cucumis melo subsp. agrestis
Authors:   Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh-11451, Saudi Arabia, Ali Mohammad Ajmal
Published: February 2022

It is of interest to refine the taxonomic status of C. melo ssp. agrestis using its plastome data. The chloroplast size and GC% was found to be 1,56,016 bp and 36.92% respectively in Cucumis melo subsp. agrestis. The plastome of C. melo subsp. agrestis comprises of two inverted repeat (IR) regions of 25,797 bp each. It consisted of 133 genes with 88 protein-coding genes, 8 rRNA genes and 37 tRNA genes. Analysis of the C. melo ssp. agrestis plastome data will help breeders to improve the yield the crop.
L-Spline Interpolation for Differential Operators of Order 4 with Constant Coefficients
Authors: Kounchev Ognyan , Render Hermann , Tsachev Tsvetomir
Published: February 2022

In this paper it is shown that many features from polynomial spline methods used in nonparametric regression and smoothing procedures carry over to the class of L-splines where L is a linear differential operator of order 4 with constant coefficients. Special attention is given to the question whether an analogue of the Reinsch algorithm is valid and criteria are given such that the associated matrix R is strictly diagonal dominant
Engineering a Plasmid as a Reporter System for Quantifying Gene Expression in Escherichia Coli
Authors: Miloshev Georgi Y. , Traykovska Martina , Kaloudas Dimitrios , Penchovsky Robert
Published: February 2022

Different gene reporter assays are used for quantifying various methods for synthetic control of gene expression. The activity of a reporter protein, fluorescence or chemical stain, is usually proportional to the level of mRNA produced in the cell and can be utilized for monitoring the activity of a promoter or enhancer. Such a reporter gene is the lacZ from Escherichia coli, encoding β- galactosidase. We cloned the PL promoter from phage lambda into the pRS414 plasmid of over 10kb to create a gene reporter assay. A KpnI restriction site was introduced into the plasmid used for inserting the promoter together with a ribosomal binding site for bacterial and archaeal mRNA and the initiation of transcription codon ATG in frame with the lacZ. B-galactosidase activity assays showed a correlation between the induced expression of the lacZ gene and the time, indicating the rightness of the construct, which can be used for lacZ reporter gene activity assays and synthetic control of gene expression in synthetic biology studies. The new plasmid named pRS414ge is very suitable for RNA synthetic biology experiments.
Radioline Between Aircraft in The Atmosphere of Jupiter and Station on Earth
Authors: Gelov Hristo , Veselinov Nedislav , Mladenov Dimitar , Dankov Plamen , Gachev Mario
Published: February 2022

With the development of space technologies and their reaching farther places in the Solar system, man’s desire to study in more detail the structures of the planets near Earth is increasing. This is where the idea of Flyer is born. Flyer is unmanned aerial vehicle for other planets atmosphere. He has the ability to collect much more data than a regular satellite, which is thousands of miles above the planet’s atmosphere. The most suitable planet for such a study is Jupiter, because of its location, the thin atmosphere and the lack of hard surface. An important part of designing such a mission is the way Flyer and Earth communicate. This article describes a common idea for a radioline between Flyer’s probes, Flyer, satellite around Jupiter and station on Earth.
Transitivity Action of the Cartesian Product of the Alternating Group Acting on a Cartesian Product of Ordered Sets of Triples
Authors: K. Moses Maraka , W. Sammy Musundi , N. Nyaga Lewis
Published: February 2022

In this paper, we investigate some transitivity action properties of the cartesian product of the alternating group \(A_{n}(n \geq 5)\) acting on a cartesian product of ordered sets of triples using the Orbit-Stabilizer Theorem by showing that the length of the orbit \((p, s, v) \text { in } A_{n} \times A_{n} \times A_{n},(n \geq 5)\) acting on \(P^{[3]} \times S^{[3]} \times V^{[3]}\) is equivalent to the cardinality of \(P^{[3]} \times S^{[3]} \times V^{[3]}\) to imply transitivity.
Report on Death of Dwarf Sperm Whale, Kogia sima (Order: Cetacea: Family: Kogiidae) in Vedalai Shore of Mandapam, Gulf of Mannar
Authors: Sadhukhan Koushik , Ramesh C. H. , Shanmugaraj T. , Murthy M. V. Ramana , Satish S.
Published: February 2022

Aims: Present study aims to highlight an accidental death of a male Dwarf Sperm Whale scientifically known as Kogia sima which found to be as Least Concern (LC) as per IUCN Red List data. Kogia sima represents important higher trophics of marine ecosystem which faced the several threats and conservation need in Gulf of Mannar, India. 

Study Design: The study undertaken during extensive coral reef monitoring survey was carried out in Gulf of Mannar under the CRAM Project of National Centre for Coastal Research (NCCR). The present report emphasize the Morphometric observation of the dead Kogia sima and try to find out possible cause of death by examining in situ investigation.

Place and Duration of Study: The field study was taken in Vedalai Sea shore (N09°15.626’, E79°04.977’) under the Mandapam Union of Ramnathapuram District of Tamil Nadu. The male whale specimen was found on 5th May, 2019 lying dead on the sandy seashore.

Methodology: Animal was photographed and morphological attributes were measured to identify the specimen. Several injuries have been highlighted in the paper which helps in investigating the cause of death.

Results: The Dwarf Sperm Whale was infant and has mild damage on the mouth parts including scuff off skin from the body and severe blood clotting at major part of the right side near to pectoral fin. Death of this infant is not clear but it is assumed that the male infant has lost from his parents and came to the inshore area of Mandapam where it gets stuck with running boat or boulder rocks as this immature whale limits its diving capabilities. The necessary morphological characters and measures have been listed in Table 1.

Conclusion: This unfortunate death clearly indicated that acute information on ecological behavior of Dwarf Sperm Whale is still under data collection stage in India and that previous conservation efforts in country must be reviewed in terms of role of local authorities, live stranded cetaceans and hunting or incidental killing which in future can build a road map for effective action plans to save this marine mammal.
Gender-Based Differentiation among Ornamental Crop Growers in Silang, Cavite
Authors: C. Manuel Jr. Adolfo , Magsino Analita dM. , S. Santiago Jr. Cereneo , Kyle V. Onella Renzo
Published: February 2022

The difference between men and women is still a social issue of how and why men and women are different and what this means for their roles in society. The study aimed to determine the different roles of men and women in reproductive, productive, community activities, and access to and control over resource and benefits among ornamental crop growers. Data were gathered through interview with the selected 181 ornamental crop growers from 7 barangays in Silang, Cavite using a semi-structured questionnaire. Frequency counts, percentage, range, and mean were used to analyze the data. There were more female ornamental crop growers than males. Their age varied between 21-82 years old. They had varied level of educational attainment, but majority are high school and college graduates. Most of the participants belong to a nuclear type of family with an average household size of four (4) members which in average, have two (2) males and two (2) females per household and their age average was 33 years old. Reproductive activities among ornamental crop growers were female-dominated. Among the reproductive activities, 60 percent are being performed mostly by mothers while only few are more or less equally done by fathers and mothers or in partnership. Productive activities among ornamental crop growers were performed by both female and male, however, a considerable number of females were also engaged hence making productive activities still female-dominated. Community activities among ornamental crop growers engaged both male and female adults but mothers participate the most in community managing activities like Clean and Green Projects, Feeding Programs, and Peace and Order Committee.
Effects of Management Curriculum on the Implementation of TPAD Policy in Public Secondary Schools in Trans Nzoia County
Authors: Njuguna Benson Chege , Kipkoech Lydia , Wanami Simon
Published: February 2022

Aims: The major purpose of this study was to assess the effect of management of curriculum on the implementation of TPAD Policy.

Study Design: The study utilized the concurrent triangulation design.

Place and Duration of Study: The study was undertaken in in  Public Secondary Schools in Trans Nzoia County, Kenya between January 2020 to April 2020.

Methodology: Stratified and simple random sampling was used to sample 280 respondents. The study included 280 respondents of which 152 were males and 128 females with an age range of 35 – 56 years.

Results: This study targeted 242 Principals and teachers, who were associated with secondary schools. From the total sample size of 285, 98.2% representing 280 questionnaires for trainers were positively responded to the case request. Findings from the linear regression model, (R2 = .021) indicated that management of curriculum account for 2.1% variation in implementation of TPAD policy. There was a positive significant effect of management of curriculum (β4 = 0.094, P< 0.001) on implementation of TPAD policy.

Conclusion: The present study rejected the null hypothesis and concludes that the relationship is statistically significant. The sample data support the notion that the relationship between the independent variable and dependent variable exists in the population of public secondary schools in Transnzoia Kenya. Thus the hypothesis (Ho1) was rejected. This implies that effective management of curriculum influence implementation of TPAD policy.
A Systematic Review on Association between Dietary Acrylamide and Cancer Risk
Authors: Rohilla Suman , Arora Tripti
Published: February 2022

Acrylamide is a yellowish, odorless solid that is water-soluble and is used in a variety of organic solvents and organic chemical compounds. It is used as a precursor or substitute for water-soluble thickeners in a variety of applications. It is very toxic and hence carcinogenic, and it is administered as a watery solution. Aside from exposure to the industry and cigarettes, food appears to be the most common source of human exposure. Cancer has remained the second-leading cause of death, with a global increase in the number of cases. Increasing the cancer burden necessitates the use of cancer preventive methods. Because of the present results of several future investigations, specialists have conducted a new meta-analysis on the usage of acrylamide-related illness incidence in various areas. Authors discovered 32 publications on their own. The researchers conducted a meta-analysis utilizing corrected or spontaneous modeling, based on the heterogeneous method, to assess the overall chance for each cancer site for highest versus  lowest consumption levels, including an increase in nutritional acrylamide by 10 mg/day. Acrylamide has been classified by the International Agency for Research on Cancer as a human category 2A carcinogen, based on evidence of acrylamide carcinogenicity in animals.
Human Papilloma Virus and Oral Cancer
Authors: Sheikh Tarannum B. , Panchabhai Aarati
Published: February 2022

Oral cancer is the most common cancer that affects people all over the world. Oral squamous cell carcinoma affects about 40 to 50 percent in people of India. Tobacco, alcohol, and smoking are the causes of this condition. In addition, the association of human papilloma virus (HPV) with Oral cancer is being greatly discussed. The high-risk HPV 16 and 18 viruses are considered as the most prevalent causes of oral squamous cell cancer however the link is less well-established in terms of epidemiologic and molecular evidence. The role of vaccination for human papilloma virus in cancer prevention, etio-pathogenesis of transmission of infection and carcinogenesis as well as the limitations of HPV molecular analysis could be a matter of exploration. Oral Squamous Cell Carcinomas linked to Human Papillomavirus have been observed to be radiation sensitive, have better results, and have higher rate of survival.
Knowledge, Attitude and Practice Analysis of Antibiotics Use and Misuse in Tertiary Care Rural Hospital Patients
Authors: Katole N. T. , Kale J. S. , Bankar Nandkishor
Published: February 2022

Introduction: In recent decades, the increase in bacterial resistance against all major antibiotics is a growing worldwide problem and is a significant threat to global public health in the 21century.

Objective: Assess the knowledge, attitude, and practice of antibiotics use and misuse among the tertiary care rural hospital patients.

Methods: This is a cross-sectional analytical study  conducted at tertiary care teaching rural hospital in India between December2020 to April 2021. A self-administered questionnaire was distributed to the patients of outpatient departments in hospital. The questionnaire consisted of 3 parts, first part consist of  demographic variables, second and third part regarding knowledge, attitude and practice of patients towards use of antibiotics. SPSS 21 was used for data analysis.

Results: Out of the 110 participants, 56(50.91%) were males and 54(49.09%) were females. 55(50%) patients received antibiotics from friends, relative and pharmacist  without medical doctor checkup. 38(34.55%) patients had started antibiotics as preventive medication for any infection, 73 (66.36%) patients got better earlier and have stopped. 52(47%) patient expect antibiotics from doctor for common cold. 42% patient obtained antibiotics without valid prescription from relatives, pharmacist or self-prescription without producing valid prescription obtained from the doctor. In the knowledge domain while majority of respondent  were well aware that antibiotics are hazardous during pregnancy and lactation and can lead to severe allergic reactions. But very few respondent knew about resistance can transfer from animal to human and human to human, also very few respondent knew about antibiotics can alter human body bacterial flora.

Conclusion: There is lack of knowledge regarding antibiotics use and resistance among general population.  Strict strategies need to employ like antibiotics prescription audit, antibiotics dispensing monitoring, effective public health education, and promoting health worker and patient communication.
Patient Satisfaction Scoring After Pre Anesthesia Evaluation
Authors: Paul P. Jeffrin Reneus , Alfred Henry Prabhu
Published: February 2022

Background: Evaluation of patient satisfaction after pre anesthesia has become an important part in the improvement of anesthesia services. This can also be used for the improvement of staff-patient relationship. This study is done to know about the satisfactory condition of the patient after pre anesthesia. The satisfactory tool we use are the same for both adult and paediatric age group since only few paediatric patients were included in the study.

Methods: This study is a research, conducted on one hundred and twenty patients who undergone several surgeries at Saveetha Hospitals in Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India between January and March of 2021. Patients were asked several questions 24 h in the post-op section using a pre anesthesia Patient Satisfaction questionnaire. Based on their responses the data was collected to analyse the level of satisfaction of the patient.

Results: The overall satisfaction score was found to be 68.8%. Percentage of satisfactory patients who were found to be less feared and concerned is 87.5%. Percentage of patients with whom the doctor maintained a good relationship with is 75%. 82% Patients were found to be happy with the amount information provided to them about the procedure. In elective situations the patient satisfaction was at a higher level.

Conclusion: The satisfaction level among the patients were moderate. Patients described the staff-patient relationship was very satisfactory. They also described low fear and concern regarding anesthesia. The study also emphasised that the information regarding the anesthesia to the patients were satisfactory overall.The study was approved by the authors institution.
Evaluation of Fracture Resistance and Failure Pattern of Endodontically Treated Teeth Restored with Polyether Ether Ketone (PEEK) Post Associated with no, 1mm and 2mm Crown Ferrule Lengths
Authors: Taori Prachi , Nikhade Pradnya
Published: February 2022

Background: There is constant advancement in aesthetic material used in dentistry due to constant increase in demand of aesthetics.

Objectives:

“To evaluate fracture resistance and pattern of failure of ETT restored with PEEK post with no ferule.”

“To evaluate fracture resistance and pattern of failure of ETT restored with PEEK post with 1mm ferule length.”

“To evaluate fracture resistance and pattern of failure of ETT restored with PEEK post with 2mm ferule length.”

“To compare the above groups with each other.”

Methods: 30 human RC treated mandibular premolar teeth with single root will be decoronated at CEJ, 1mm and 2mm above CEJ & will be prepared to receive PEEK post which will be divided into 3 groups (n = 10) according to corresponding ferrule length.

After treatment of surface, post will be cemented using luting cement that is self-adhesive. Following thermocycling, they will be subjected to compressive static load at 45° angulation until there is fracture. Later analysis will be done with one-way ANOVA and Tukey’s HSD post hoc comparison test.

Results: Although root canal treated tooth with higher ferrule height shows higher fracture resistance in previous studies, but it would be something interesting if the use of PEEK post can improve fracture resistance of root canal treated tooth with ferrule height less than 2mm.

Conclusion: From the results of this study we will be able to conclude that if coronal dentinal structure is increased, resistance to fracture of ETT is increased remarkably.
Fibroblast Growth Factor 23 (FGF23) is an Early Specific Marker in the Diagnosis and Staging of Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) in Human
Authors: Mohamed Radwa M. , El-Hadidi Eman S. , Ahmed Osama M. , El-Sayed Wael M.
Published: February 2022

Objective: To evaluate the clinical utility of serum FGF23 as an early specific biomarker in the diagnosis and progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients.

Methods: A number of 120 male patients with CKD who were classified according to the eGFR into four stages (n=30 for each stage), in addition to 30 healthy control men were included.

Results: Patients in stage 2 of CKD did not show any significant difference in serum levels of urea and creatinine, and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity. With the progression of CKD from stage 3 to stage 5, there were linear increases in the serum urea and creatinine levels, and LDH activity. There was a significant decrease in serum albumin and a significant elevation in creatine kinase in all CKD stages. There was a significant decrease in serum Ca2+ level in stages 2-4. Only patients in CKD stage 5 showed a significant elevation in serum phosphorus level. There were significant elevations in serum aminotransferases, C-reactive protein, and parathyroid hormone levels in stages 4 and 5. Serum testosterone level was significantly reduced in stages 3 and 4 as compared to control. With the progression of CKD stages from stage 2 to 5, there were linear significant elevations in serum TNF-a and FGF23 levels.

Conclusions: FGF23 was the most sensitive indicator in the early diagnosis and staging of CKD. Other biomarkers were elevated in the late stages in addition to their low specificity. Therefore, FGF23 could be used in the diagnosis and prognosis of CKD patients.
Pharmaceutical and Analytical Study of Tryushanadya Lauha & Modified Form as Tryushanadya Mandura and their Comparative Evaluation for Antidiabetic Activity in Wistar Rats
Authors: Swer Harlin , Wanjari Anita , Rathi Bharat , Khan Mujahid , Sonare Makarand , Kamble Shweta , Awari Devyani
Published: February 2022

Background: Lohais a metal that is used in many preparations after transforming it into non-metallic form by purification and incineration method uses to treat different kinds of diseases. Mandura is the rusting of iron.Tryushanadyalauha(TL) is one among the Ayurvedicherbo-mineral formulations described in BhaishajyaRatnavalliand as modified dosage form as Tryushanadyamandura(TM).The herbal contents are tryushana (i.epippali( Piper longum Linn ),maricha (Piper nigrum Linn)and shunti (Zingiber Officinale Roscoe), cavya (Piper chabaHunter), bakuchi (Psoralea CorylifoliaLinn),bhang (cannabis sativum Linn),andlavana like saindhava,aubhida,vida and sauvarchala ,andlohabhasma is the main ingredient.

Aim: Pharmaceutical and Analytical study of TryushanadyaLauha& modified form as TryushanadyaMandura and comparative evaluation for antidiabetic activity in Wistar rats.

Materials and Methods: All herbal drugs will be collected, verified, and primarily authenticated by the Department of Dravyaguna. Lohaand Mandura will be procured from the vendor and authenticated by the Department of Rasashastra and BhaishajyaKalpana, Mahatma Gandhi Ayurved College Hospital Research Centre, Salod(H), Wardha, and they will be prepared as per reference. Organoleptic, bhasmapariksha, Physico-chemical,XRD and FEG-SEM parameters will be evaluated. To assess Tryushanadya Lauha (TL) and Tryushanadya Mandura (TM)antidiabetic action will be conducted in 30 Wistar rats in 5 groups and will be compared.

Observation and Results: The study will be assessed Tryushanadya lauha (TL) and TryushanadyaMandura (TM)antidiabetic action in 30 Wistar rats by using one-way ANOVA.

Conclusion: Pharmaceutical and Analytical study of TryushanadyaLauha (TL) & modified form as TryushanadyaMandura (TM) will provide the standard parameters.
Non-healing Ulcer on the Foot as Cellulitis: A Case Report
Authors: Tadas Pranay , Kasturkar Pooja , Ankar Ruchira , Uke Trupti , Gomase Kavita , Sawarkar Achita , Sakharwade Prerana , Sakharkar Sheetal
Published: February 2022

Introduction: Cellulitis is a serious bacterial skin infection. The skin is swollen and red, and it feels warm and uncomfortable to the touch. Cellulitis is most commonly found in the lower legs, although it can also appear on the face, arms, and other regions of the body. Bacteria enter the body through a crack or break in the skin. The infection can spread to your lymph nodes and bloodstream if left untreated, creating a major health danger. It is rarely passed down from one generation to the next.

Clinical Findings: The patient presented with a non-healing ulcer for 30days, due to the insect bite 1month ago on right foot which is being developed into non-healing ulcer on right foot. A 20x6cm wound over the right foot was seen on a plain film radiograph of the knee. It consists of necrotic debris, underlying tendons exposed, peripheral cold and pigmentation. Foul smelling is not present. Based on the appearance of the spreading erythema and radiographically confirmed findings, cellulitis was diagnosed. 

Diagnostic Evaluation: Blood test- Hb-8.6gm%, MCV-91.1fl, MCH-30.9Pico-gm, MCHC-33.9%, Total RBC Count-2.78 millions/cu.mm, RDW-16.8%, HCT-25.3%, Total WBC Count-7400 cu.mm, Monocytes-04%, Granulocytes-75%, Lymphocytes-20%, Eosinophills-01%, Basophills-00%, Total Platelet Count-2.06lacs/cu.mm Peripheral Smear: RBCs-Normocytic hypochromic Platelets Adequate on smear, No Haemoparasite seen.

Therapeutic Intervention: Inj. Ceftriaxone 1gm IV BD; Inj. PAN 40mg IV OD; Inj. Emset 4 mg IV TD; Inj. Neomal 100 ml IV TDS; Inj. MVI IV OD; Tab. Dolo 650 mg TDS; Tab Limcee 500 mg OD; Cap. Becosute OD; Protein powder; Tab Shelcal 500 mg OD; Tab. Duphalac 15 ml. 

Conclusion: My patient was admitted to Surgery Ward, A.V.B.R.H with a known case of Cellulitis and he had a complaint of non-healing-ulcer over the right limb. After getting appropriate treatment his condition was approved.
Acute Fatty Liver of Pregnancy-a Rare but Potentially Catastrophic Cause of Jaundice in Pregnancy
Authors: Memon Sharmeen I. , Acharya Neema S.
Published: February 2022

A 27-year-old female primigravida at 36.2 weeks gestational age presented nausea, vomiting, and yellowish discoloration of the eyes. On investigation, she had deranged liver and kidney functions, and USG was suggestive of Coarse Echotexture of the Maternal liver. We diagnosed it as a case of Acute fatty liver of pregnancy followed by Early Caesarean section and intensive supportive management. Active monitoring of Haemodynamic status, Metabolic status, Coagulation profile, Renal, and CNS function resulted in a safe and healthy mother and child.
A Retrospective Cross Sectional Study to Find out the Role of Biochemical Parameters in Assessing the Severity of SARS COVID-19
Authors: Sumathy S. , Anuradha G. , Meenakshi N. , Boopathy Vinu , Gopalakrishnan S. Santhini
Published: February 2022

Background and Objective: SARS Cov 2 virus are spreading havoc throughout the world and is responsible for the present pandemic. The clinical presentation of this pandemic has been varied from simple flu like symptoms to severe pneumonia. It is also found to affect multiple organ systems in our body.This study was conducted to find out the variations in the biochemical parameters among SARS Covid patients admitted in our hospital.

Materials and Methods: This study was a retrospective cross sectional survey of medical records of 258 SARS Cov 2 patients admitted in Chettinad hospital and research institute from July 2020 to September 2020. Among them 183 were males,75 were females. The details of their liver profile, renal profile, cardiac profile, ferritin levels and LDH levels were retrieved and studied

Results: In this study we found a significant difference in the levels of ferritin, LDH, serum albumin, troponin I, CK-MB and BNP levels between patients admitted in ICU and ward. The patients were divided into three groups based on their age as 20-50,50-80 and more than 80 years. We found significant difference in the levels of total protein, serum albumin, ALT, BUN, troponin I and CK –MB values. Regression analysis showed ferritin, LDH and serum albumin to be independent markers in predicting disease severity (p value <0.05).

Conclusion: This study has shown that ferritin, LDH and serum albumin are promising biochemical markers in the diagnosis and prognosis of SARS Covid 19 infection.