bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Desain Pembelajaran Menggunakan Konteks Perkembangbiakan Hewan Secara Vegetatif pada Materi Bentuk Pangkat di Sekolah Menengah Pertama
Authors: Arieyantini Pramanika , Putri Ratu Ilma Indra , Kesumawati Nila
Published: July 2016

Penelitian ini bertujuan menghasilkan lintasan belajar yang dapat membantu siswa memahami konsep bentuk pangkat melalui konteks perkembangbiakan hewan secara vegetatif. Design Research dipilih sebagai cara yang tepat untuk mencapai tujuan. Lintasan belajar (Hypotetical Learning Trajectory) dalam design research memegang peranan penting sebagai desain dan instrumen penelitian. Lintasan belajar dirancang dalam tahap desain awal dan diujikan pada 50 siswa kelas IX (yaitu, 6 siswa pada pilot experiment dan 44 siswa pada teaching experiment) SMP YPI Tunas Bangsa Palembang. Hasil dari percobaan pembelajaran menunjukkan bahwa aktivitas menggambar proses perkembangbiakan hewan secara vegetatif dapat mendorong siswa untuk melihat bentuk penggandaan yang terjadi, dan ketika siswa melihat penggandaan melalui pemodelan (bagan/skema) yang siswa buat, siswa memiliki ide untuk menghitung hewan baru yang terbentuk kemudian menggunakan bilangan kelipatan untuk menentukan banyak hewan baru. Dari bilangan kelipatan, ide untuk menyatakannya kedalam bentuk perkalian berulang membawa siswa ke dalam definisi bentuk pangkat.

This study aims to produce a trajectory of learning that can help students understand the concept of form promoted through the context of animal breeding vegetatively. Design Research chosen as the appropriate way to achieve the goal. Learning trajectory (Hypotetical Learning Trajectory) in design research plays an important role as design and research instruments. Tracks study was designed in the early design stages and was tested on 50 students of class IX (ie, 6 students in pilot experiments, and 44 students in the teaching experiment) SMP YPI Tunas Bangsa Palembang. Results of experimental study showed that the activity of drawing process animal breeding vegetatively can encourage students to look at the shape of doubling that to happen, and when students see a doubling through modeling (chart / schema) that students make, the students had the idea to calculate the new animal that is formed later use number multiples to determine a lot of new animals. Multiples of the numbers, the idea of putting it into the form of repeated multiplication bring students into the definition of the form of the rank.
Keefektivan Team Accelerated Instruction Terhadap Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah dan Prestasi Belajar Matematika Siswa Kelas VIII
Authors: Widodo Sri Adi
Published: July 2016

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui keefektivan pembelajaran Team Accelerated Instruction terhadap kemampuan pemecahan dan prestasi belajar matematika siswa. Jenis Penelitian ini adalah eksperimen semu. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswa SMP kelas VIII se-kota Jogjakarta dengan ukuran sampel 369 siswa yang diambil dengan menggunakan teknik cluster random sampling. Variabel penelitian adalah kemampuan memecahkan masalah, prestasi belajar matematika dan model pembelajaran. Data diperoleh dengan tes untuk menentukan kemampuan awal siswa, kemampuan memecahkan masalah dan prestasi belajar yang kemudian diuji dengan analisis variansi multivariat (MANOVA). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa model pembelajaran Team Accelerated Instruction lebih efektif digunakan jika dibandingkan dengan model pembelajaran langsung.

The purpose of this research was to determine the effectiveness of teams Accelerated Instruction to the problem solving and mathematics achievement. This research kind was the quasi experiment. The population in this research was all the VIII class student of more than Jogjakarta with the sample totally 369 students was taken with cluster random sampling. Variably the research was the problem solving, mathematics achievement and learning models.  Data obtained by test methods for the stage of student, problem solving, and achievement are then analyzed to the multivariate analisis of variance (MANOVA). The results of this research are team accelerated instruction more effectiveness with direct instruction
Adjustment and Gross Errors Detection of Free Triangulation Geodetic Network Using Minimum-Norm Least-Squares Inverses and Data Snooping
Authors: Ahmed Abdalla  , Awadelgeed Mohamed  , Abdelrhman Khabeer
Published: July 2016

We utilise minimum-norm least-squares based on the indirect observations methods to adjust our 2-dimensional triangulation network. The main objective of this paper is to optimally adjust the approximate coordinates of the nodes (points) of the given network. The network observations (11 measured distances and 17 angles) have been adjusted by being combined in linear system of equations in terms of free-network adjustment procedure to rigorously adjust the approximate coordinates over the network points. We obtained better converged values by applying an iterative procedure, the minimum corrections for the free-network coordinates are obtained after a number of five iterations. The data snooping procedure has been used to test the reliability and precision of the network observations. The T-Test criterion is then applied for gross error detection, five angles and two lines are suspected to include gross errors at a critical value of 1.98.
Numerical Study of Buoyancy Natural Convection in An Open Cavity
Authors: M. Almas
Published: July 2016

Numerical study of buoyancy natural convection in open building rooms has been performed using Lattice Boltzmann Method (LBM). The right wall of the room is open, bottom is hot and the other walls are adiabatic. Numerical results are presented in terms of isotherms, streamlines and average Nusselt number to investigate the effects of various Rayleigh numbers and aspect ratios on heat transfer and fluid flow. It is concluded that as the aspect ratio decreases maximum rate of heat transfer happens when Rayleigh number increases.
On Supersaturated Semigroups
Authors: Noor Alam  , Noor Mohammad Khan
Published: July 2016

In this paper, we prove the long known open problem and converse part of the Higgin's result that any globally idempotent ideal of a supersaturated semi-group is supersaturated.
Performance Optimization of a Turbocharged Spark-Ignition VVA Engine at Part Load
Authors: Bozza Fabio  , Teodosio Luigi
Published: July 2016

Nowadays, modern internal combustion engines show more and more complex architectures in order to improve their performance. Referring to the spark-ignition (SI) engines, downsizing philosophy and Variable Valve Actuation (VVA) systems allow to reduce the Brake Specific Fuel Consumption (BSFC) at low and medium load, while maintaining the required performance at high load. On the other hand, the above solutions introduce additional degrees of freedom for the engine control, requiring longer calibration time and experimental effort.
In the present work, a twin-cylinder turbocharged VVA SI engine is numerically investigated by a one-dimensional (1D) model (GT-PowerTM). The considered engine is equipped with a fully flexible VVA actuation system, realizing an Early Intake Valve Closure (EIVC) strategy. Proper "user routines" are implemented in the code to simulate turbulence and combustion processes.
In a first stage, 1D engine model is validated against the experimental data under part load condition, both in terms of overall performance and combustion evolution. The validated 1D engine model is then integrated in a multipurpose commercial optimizer (mode FRONTIERTM) with the aim to identify the engine calibrations that simultaneously minimize BSFC and Brake Mean Effective Pressure (BMEP) under part load operation at a specified engine speed of 3000rpm. In particular, the decision parameters of the optimization process are the EIVC angle, the throttle valve opening and the waste-gate valve opening and combustion phasing. Proper constraints are assigned for the pressure in the intake plenum in order to limit the gas-dynamic noise radiated by the intake mouth.
The adopted optimization approach shows the capability to reproduce with a very good accuracy the experimentally advised optimal calibration, corresponding to the numerically derived Pareto frontier in the Brake Mean Effective Pressure (BMEP)-BSFC tradeoff. The optimization also underlines the advantages of an engine calibration based on a combination of EIVC strategy and intake throttling, rather than a purely throttle-based calibration.
The developed automatic procedure allows for a "virtual" calibration of the considered engine on completely theoretical basis and proves to be very helpful in reducing the experimental costs and the engine time-to-market.
Asymptotic Optimality of Three Stage Design for Estimating Product of Means with Applications in Reliability Estimation and Risk Assessment
Authors: Xing Song  , Kamel Rekab
Published: July 2016

The one-parameter exponential family is a practically convenient and widely used unified family of distributions, which contains both discrete and continuous distributions that can be used for practical modelling, such as the Binomial, Beta, Normal, etc. The problem of estimating product of means has been explored for independent populations from one-parameter exponential family in a general sense, with a three-stage sampling design proposed and proven to be first-order efficient. The purpose of this paper is to apply the theoretical results to specific applications and to provide practical guidance on implementing the proposed sequential design. One popular application problem of interest is to estimate the system reliability, for which a Beta-Binomial model will be adopted. The other practical problem, which is often encountered in environmental study, is risk assessment and a Normal-Normal model will be used for the case.
Reducing Energy Use and Costs in Agriculture
Authors: Guangnan Chen  , Gary Sandell  , Craig Baillie
Published: July 2016

Agriculture and the related primary industry is an increasingly energy demanding sector. Energy is needed to different extent in all the stages of the agri-food chain. In many cases, energy cost may represent a significant proportion of the total agricultural production cost, including the cost of manufacturing and transportation of various chemicals and fertilisers. A modified and standardized energy analysis and benchmarking process is described in this paper. It is shown that energy use in agriculture varies considerably, depending on the cropping enterprise and the farming systems. Opportunities to reduce energy use and costs and greenhouse gas emissions in agriculture are discussed.
Soil DNA Purification and Isolation
Authors: Hamid kheyrodin
Published: July 2016

There is an increased interest in the extraction of nucleic acids from various environmental samples, since molecular techniques allow less biased access to a greater portion of uncultivable microorganisms. Two strategies have been developed to improve DNA recovery in terms of yield, purity and unbiased representation of the microbial diversity. Amplification of DNA from soil is often inhibited by co-purified contaminants. DNA is also suitable for PCR amplification using various DNA targets. This review presents an overview of the available methods to achieve this challenging objective. DNA was extracted from 100g of soil using direct lysis with glass beads and SDS followed by potassium acetate precipitation, polyethylene glycol precipitation, phenol extraction and isopropanol precipitation.
The Magic in 2-Channel Sound Reproduction - Why is it so Rarely Heard?
Authors: Siegfried Linkwitz
Published: July 2016

Hearing, finding the direction, distance and significance of a source of sound in various acoustic environments, is a survival mechanism in the evolution of living organisms. Hearing two strongly correlated sources of sound, either from earphones or two loudspeakers, is an unnatural phenomenon, from which the ear-brain apparatus is asked to draw an illusion of reality. Misleading cues must be eliminated from the sound presentation for the illusion to happen convincingly. In the case of earphone presentation, which typically suffers from a high degree of distance distortion, i.e. distance foreshortening, the ear signals must change with head movement to externalize the illusion. In the case of loudspeaker presentation there is already the distance between listener and speakers, which typically is perceived as the minimum distance to the illusionary aural scene or phantom scene. But that scene is usually hard bounded by the speakers, which are recognized as such by the ear-brain perceptual apparatus. One or the other speaker is preferred as the source, when the listener moves a short distance away laterally from the "sweet spot". In a reverberant room, where the listener not only hears the direct sound but also the reflected sound, i.e. the off-axis radiated sound, the ear-brain perceptual apparatus must be allowed to withdraw attention from room and speakers and focus attention upon the direct sound to create a convincing illusion of the reproduced acoustic event. For this to happen misleading perceptual cues must be eliminated. The speakers must be placed so that reflections are delayed relative to the direct sound. The speakers must be free from spurious resonant radiation and their off-axis radiation must follow their on-axis frequency response for the reverberant sound to be neutral. The polar radiation pattern must be essentially either omni-directional, cardioid or dipolar, aiming for constant directivity. The speakers must be acoustically small, yet capable of realistic volume levels at low non-linear distortion. Two prototype speakers and the evolution of their radiation pattern design will be discussed: a full-range, acoustically small dipole and a hybrid, omni-cardioid-dipole design. Either speaker is capable of disappearing from perception and rendering an aural scene in a reverberant room that is like a magic act.
Swelling Kinetics and Diffusion Coefficients of Polyacrylamide Hydrogels Via Different Drying Methods
Authors: Nazli Ozcan  , Didem Saloglu
Published: July 2016

In the present study, polyacrylamide (PAAm) hydrogels were formed by copolymerization of acrylamide (AAm) and N,N' methylenebisacrylamide. The reaction is a vinyl addition polymerization initiated by a free radical generating system. N,N' methylenebisacrylamide, N,N,N',N'-tetramethylethylenediamine (TEMED) and ammonium persulfate (APS) were used as the cross linking agent, catalyzer and initiator, respectively. Hydrogels were dried with two drying methods: the former is the poor solvent method, the latter is the freze dryer method. The effects of the drying methods on swelling behavior were investigated as a function of time. A variety of hydrogel swelling kinetic modelling techniques were applied on the dynamic swelling rates of PAAm hydrogels. For all the hydrogels, the diffusion coefficient of kinetic parameters such as the diffusion mechanism (Fickian or non-Fickian mechanism), initial and equilibrium swelling ratios, the penetration rate of the solvent and diffusion coefficient were determined.
Relationships Between Problem-Gambling Severity and Psychopathology as Moderated by Income
Authors: Sanacora Rachel L. , Whiting Seth W. , Pilver Corey E. , Hoff Rani A. , Potenza Marc N.
Published: July 2016

Background and aims

Problem and pathological gambling have been associated with elevated rates of both Axis-I and Axis-II psychiatric disorders. Although both problem gambling and psychiatric disorders have been reported as being more prevalent among lower income vs. middle/higher income groups, how income might moderate the relationship between problem-gambling severity and psychopathology is incompletely understood. To examine the associations between problem-gambling severity and psychopathology in lower income and middle/higher income groups.

Methods

Data from the first wave of the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions (NESARC) (n = 43,093) were analyzed in adjusted logistic regression models to investigate the relationships between problem-gambling severity and psychiatric disorders within and across income groups.

Results

Greater problem-gambling severity was associated with increased odds of multiple psychiatric disorders for both lower income and middle/higher income groups. Income moderated the association between problem/pathological gambling and alcohol abuse/dependence, with a stronger association seen among middle/higher income respondents than among lower income respondents.

Discussion and conclusions

The findings that problem-gambling severity is related to psychopathology across income groups suggest a need for public health initiatives across social strata to reduce the impact that problem/pathological gambling may have in relation to psychopathology. Middle/higher income populations, perhaps owing to the availability of more “disposable income,” may be at greater risk for co-occurring gambling and alcohol-use psychopathology and may benefit preferentially from interventions targeting both gambling and alcohol use.
Enhanced Fire-Related Traits May Contribute to the Invasiveness of Downy Brome (Bromus tectorum)
Authors: Fenesi Annamária , Saura-Mas Sandra , Blank Robert R. , Kozma Anita , Lózer Beáta-Magdolna , Ruprecht Eszter
Published: July 2016

Although several invasive species have induced changes to the fire regime of invaded communities, potential intraspecific shifts in fire-related traits that might enhance the invasion success of these species have never been addressed. We assumed that traits conferring persistence and competitiveness in postfire conditions to downy brome, a quintessential invasive species of the Great Basin (North America), might be under selection in areas with recurrent fires. Therefore, we hypothesized that populations from frequently burned regions of the Great Basin would have (1) greater tolerance to fire at seed level, (2) higher relative seedling performance in postfire environments, and (3) greater flammability than unburned Central European populations that evolved without fire. Seeds were collected from three introduced populations from frequently burned regions in North America and three introduced populations of rarely or never burned sites from Central Europe. We performed (1) germination experiments with seeds subjected to the effect of different fire components (heat shocks, smoke, flame, ash), (2) pot experiments analyzing the effect of postfire conditions on the early growth of the seedlings, and (3) a series of flammability tests on dry biomass of plants reared in a common garden. All seeds tolerated the low-temperature treatments (40 to 100 C), but were destroyed at high heat shocks (140 and 160 C). Only the 100 C heat treatment caused a difference in reaction of seeds from different continents, as the European seeds were less tolerant to this heat shock. We found significantly increased seedling height and biomass after 4 wk of growth under postfire conditions in American populations, but not in European ones. American populations had enhanced flammability in three out of five measured parameters compared to European populations. In summary, these intraspecific differences in fire-related traits might contribute to the persistence and perhaps invasiveness of the frequently burned North American downy brome populations.
A Genre Analysis of Discussion Sections of Qualitative Research Articles in Applied Linguistics
Authors: Dobakhti Leila
Published: July 2016

This paper reports on a genre study of the Discussion sections of 15 qualitative research articles in Applied Linguistics from five high impact journals published from 2003-2009. Based on Swales' (1990, 2004) move structure model, this study aims to develop a description of move structure in this corpus and introduce the available patterns and options. The analysis reveals that there are similarities and differences between the generic structure of qualitative research articles identified in this paper and those found concerning empirical research articles.
The Effect of Using Short Stories on Vocabulary Learning of Iranian EFL Learners
Authors: Parvareshbar Fatemeh , Ghoorchaei Behrooz
Published: July 2016

This study aimed at investigating the effect of using short stories on enhancing vocabulary learning of Iranian intermediate EFL learners. The purpose of the study was to come up with new methods of enhancing learners’ vocabulary which enable both teachers and students to better cope with language learning and teaching. The design of the study is of quasi-experimental pretest-posttest. The participants were in two classes each of which had 25 students. One of the classes was considered as the control group and the other one was considered as the experimental group. The analysis of data using independent samples t-test showed that there was no significant difference between two groups at the outset of the study. After the treatment period, a posttest was given to both groups to see if there was a significant difference between the two groups. The magnitude of sig (2-tailed) on posttest was 0.01 that is lower than 0.05. Therefore, the difference is significant and the experimental group outperformed the control group. This can be attributed to the effect of using short stories on improving vocabulary performance of learners. The results have some implications for language teachers and materials developers.
The Effect of Cultural Transfer of Connotative Meaning of Vocabularies on Iranian EFL Learners’ Reading Comprehension
Authors: Mabhoot Narjes , Zeraatpishe Mitra
Published: July 2016

This research has been worked upon analyzing the effect of cultural transfer of connotative meaning of vocabularies on Iranian EFL learners’ reading comprehension. 100 participants took part in the study who were divided into 2 groups: experimental group in which the cultural transfer took place; and the control group in which the traditional teaching without mentioning cultural transfer occurred. It should be taken into consideration that both groups have been tested by the same taxt taken from TOEFL as a pre-test and a post-test. The obtained results were calculated and analyzed by statistical t-test, indicated that the learners had a better comprehensive performance in second language texts by using the cultural transfer of connotative meaning of vocabularies. Results indicated the outperformance of the experimental group.
SEMELHANÇAS ENTRE COMPORTAMENTOS E PAPÉIS SOCIAIS APRESENTADOS POR MULHERES E HOMENS COM DOENÇA ARTERIAL CORONARIANA
Authors: Wittkopf Priscilla Geraldine , Souza Cícero Augusto , Ferrari Elisa Pinheiro , Medeiros Thiago Emannuel , Cardoso Fernando Luiz
Published: July 2016

Introdução: Estudos sobre a relação entre o estilo de vida e a saúde cardiovascular permitiram identificar fatores de risco para a doença arterial coronariana, sendo o sexo um deles. Por muito tempo a doença arterial coronariana foi considerada de maior risco para os homens, porém, atualmente essa visão não mais se justifica pela igualdade com que essa doença afeta ambos os sexos. Grande contribuição para essa igualdade ocorre pela igualdade social conquistada pelas mulheres, que as expôs ao mercado de trabalho e ao comportamento social masculinizado, engendrando sua identidade de forma perigosa a saúde. Objetivo: verificar as diferenças de identidades de gênero entre mulheres e homens com doença arterial coronariana, vislumbrando a discussão dos comportamentos sociais como fatores influentes a saúde. Casuística e Métodos: Participaram 35 homens e 36 mulheres com do-ença arterial coronariana, e 36 mulheres sem doença. Comportamentos sociais e identidade de gênero na infância e na vida adulta foram avaliados por meio do questionário de Identidade Corporal. Resultados: Participaram do estudo 107 sujeitos com média de idade de 58,3 (± 6.68) anos. As mulheres com doença arterial coronariana apresentaram mais hipertensão arterial sistêmica (32%) e colesterol elevado (26%) (p<0,001) em comparação aos outros dois grupos. Os homens se autoavaliaram mais masculinos do que as mulheres dos dois grupos, e as mulheres com doença arterial coronariana consideraram-se menos femininas em relação ao grupo controle (p<0,001). Quanto ao comportamento na infância, as mulheres com doença arterial coronariana relataram maior participação em brincadeiras com meninos (p<0,001), porém não apresentaram diferenças quanto à preferência em brincar com meninas. Conclusão: As mulheres com doença arterial coronariana demonstraram sentirem-se menos femininas e relataram com-portamentos e papéis sociais tipicamente masculinos.
HISTÓRIA EM QUADRINHOS PARA ENSINO E PREVENÇÃO DAS DOENÇAS TRANSMITIDAS POR ALIMENTOS
Authors: Sezefredo Tatiane Simplicio , Murata Fernando Henrique Antunes , Peresi Jacqueline Tanury Macruz , Paschoal Vania Del’ Arco , Pedro Heloisa Da Silveira Paro , Nardi Susilene Maria Tonelli
Published: July 2016

Introdução: As doenças transmitidas por alimentos ocorrem em todo o mundo, representando um crescente problema de saúde pública, que exige novas abordagens para o controle e a prevenção. O ambiente doméstico é passível de maior ocorrência de surtos. A disseminação de informações na comunidade sobre como prevenir essas doenças pode constituir uma ferramenta eficaz na diminuição dos riscos relacionados. Objetivo: Desenvolver uma História em Quadrinhos para o público infanto-juvenil sobre doenças transmitidas por alimentos, com enfoque para aspectos clínicos e ações preventivas. Material e Métodos: Realizou-se uma revisão bibliográfica sobre as informações básicas que deveriam ser abordadas no material. Posteriormente, foram organizadas em um roteiro com eixos temáticos que permearam as informações sobre a doença, principais agentes contaminantes e preven-ção. O conteúdo teórico foi avaliado por especialistas da área, a fim de validá-lo, e a produção artística realizada por profissional da área, no estilo cartoon. Resultados: Produziu-se um GIBI colorido, com seis folhas impressas em frente e verso, em papel reciclável, com frases curtas e desenhos limpos intencionando uma leitura atrativa. Ao final do material acrescentou-se uma folha destacável com orientações sobre preparo, armazenamento e compra dos alimentos para que os estudantes possam levar para casa e multiplicar o conteúdo para amigos e familiares. Conclusão: A ampla utilização do gibi pode contribuir para a disseminação do conhecimento e prevenção das doenças transmitidas por alimentos, seja em sala de aula, como apoio pedagógico, ou em unidades de saúde, para que os profissionais trabalhem o tema em sua comunidade durante ações educativas
HEMICHOREA ASSOCIATED WITH NON-KETOTIC HYPERGLICEMIA: REPORT OF TWO CASES AND BRIEF REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE
Authors: Meguins Lucas Crociati , Valsechi Linoel Curado , Oliveira Fábio Nazaré
Published: July 2016

Introduction: Chorea is characterized as a hyperkinetic movement disorder that is caused by lesions on the basal ganglia. Many etiological factors have been described, including ischemia, infection, neoplasm and neurodegenerative disorders, such as Hun-tington’s disease. Non-ketotic hyperglycemia induced chorea is a rare, but reversible, condition usually associated with contralat-eral striatal radiological abnormalities. Case Report: Case 1: A 64 year-old Brazilian woman was admitted concerning about a 4-day history of involuntary, erratic and continuous movements with sudden onset affecting the left arm, leg and, partially, the left hemiface. Her past medical history was remarkable for arterial hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Neurologic examina-tion revealed the presence of choreic movements of the left hemiface, arm and leg. Case 2: A 63 year-old Brazilian woman was admitted concerning about an 1-day history of involuntary, without purpose, assymmetric, irregular and abrupt movements of the upper limbs and face associated with difficulty of speaking and swallowing. Her past medical history was remarkable for arterial hypertension and coronariopathy with two episodes of acute myocardial infarction four months before. There was no history of diabetes mellitus. On neurological examination, she presented severe dysartry and difficulty of swallowing associated with choreic movements of the upper limbs and face. Conclusion: In the present study, we describe two cases of chorea as a complication of non-ketotic hyperglycemia. A high index of clinical awareness and early suspicion of this possible association are extremely important, once the correct management and normalization of glycemia may result in complete recovery of neurologic symptoms.
ADESÃO AO TRATAMENTO MEDICAMENTOSO E CAPACIDADE PARA O AUTOCUIDADO DE PACIENTES COM HIPERTENSÃO ARTERIAL
Authors: Oller Graziella Allana S. A. de Oliveira , Silva Ana Paula Antoniassi da , Pompeo Daniele Alcalá , Eid Leticia Palota , Kusumota Luciana
Published: July 2016

Introdução: No Brasil e no mundo a Hipertensão Arterial Sistêmica é um dos mais importantes problemas de Saúde Pública. A não adesão ao tratamento medicamentoso pode ser um obstáculo à obtenção de resultados efetivos para o tratamento. Objetivo: Analisar a adesão dos pacientes hipertensos ao tratamento medicamentoso, identificar a capacidade para o autocuidado e verificar a correlação entre a adesão ao tratamento medicamentoso e a capacidade para o autocuidado. Casuística e Métodos: Estudo transversal e populacional realizado em pacientes com diagnóstico de hipertensão arterial, cadastrados no programa de assistência ao hipertenso, na Estratégia Saúde da Família de Monte Verde Paulista-SP. A coleta de dados ocorreu por meio dos instrumentos Medida de Adesão ao Tratamento e Instrumento para Avaliação da Capacidade ao Autocuidado, validados na literatura. Resultados: Dos pacientes participantes do estudo, 85,2% foram classificados na categoria adesão, a média da capacidade para o autocuidado dos pacientes deste estudo foi de 88,3. Foi encontrada significância estatística na comparação entre os valores de pressão sanguínea, aferidos no momento da entrevista, e escores de Avaliação da Capacidade de Autocuidado Não houve correlação com significância estatística entre as variáveis mensuradas pelos instrumentos. Conclusão: Ações que promovam a adesão ao tratamento da hiper-tensão devem ser fortalecidas em todos os níveis de atenção à saúde.
FUNCIONALIDADE, APTIDÃO MOTORA E CONDIÇÕES DE SAÚDE EM IDOSOS LONGEVOS RESIDENTES EM DOMICÍLIO
Authors: Queiroz Daiane B Borges , De Araújo Claudinéia Matos , Novais Marta Moreira , De Oliveira Lorena Cajaíba , Andrade Luciara Araújo Andrade , Reis Luciana Araújo dos
Published: July 2016

O crescimento do grupo de idosos com idade superior a 80 anos, associado às alterações fisiológicas do envelhecimento e às doenças crônico-degenerativas, pode provocar o declínio da independência do idoso, sendo necessário avaliar a funcionalidade e o desempenho motor dessa população. Objetivo: Avaliar a funcionalidade e a aptidão motora de idosos longevos residentes em domicílio no município de Jequié, Bahia, e identificar os fatores associados à funcionalidade e aptidão motora. Casuística e Métodos: Pesquisa do tipo analítica, com delineamento transversal e abordagem quantitativa, com 63 idosos com 80 anos ou mais no município de Jequié, Bahia. Na coleta, foi utilizado um questionário com dados sociodemográficos e condições de saúde, avaliação funcional pela Escala de Barthel, Índice de Lawton e aplicação de testes motores: sentar e levantar de uma cadeira, pegar um lápis no chão, caminhada e equilíbrio. Realizou-se análise descritiva e aplicação do Teste do Qui-quadrado, com um nível de significância de 5% (p<0,05). Resultados: A população foi predominantemente do sexo feminino (66,7%), independentes nas atividades básicas de vida diária (61,9%), dependentes nas atividades instrumentais de vida diária (82,5%), escore médio na ativi-dade de equilíbrio (42,9%), bom nas atividades de sentar/levantar (82,5%), agachar/pegar um lápis no chão (87,3%) e caminhada (96,8%). Não foi encontrada diferença estatística significativa entre a variável capacidade funcional e as atividades do desempenho motor; e entre as variáveis condições de saúde e as atividades do desempenho motor. Conclusão: Os idosos foram classificados como dependentes nas atividades instrumentais de vida diária e com escore médio na atividade de equilíbrio do desempenho mo-tor. Ao avaliar a aptidão motora e a funcionalidade, é possível identificar possíveis limitações, orientar intervenções específicas e acompanhar a evolução para combater dependências preveníveis.
EFICÁCIA DA DINÂMICA DE GRUPO EM EDUCAÇÃO EM SAÚDE EM MULHERES COM INCONTINÊNCIA URINÁRIA
Authors: Kaestner Karla Thayse , Da Roza Thuane , Virtuoso Janeisa Franck , Tonon da Luz Soraia Cristina
Published: July 2016

Introdução: A dinâmica de grupo é relatada como uma forma viável e pouco onerosa para a promoção e educação em saúde entre mulheres. Objetivos: Determinar o nível de conhecimento sobre incontinência urinária em mulheres usuárias da Rede Pública de Saúde e verificar a eficácia de um protocolo de dinâmicas de grupo aberto de educação em saúde na amostra. Casu-ística e Métodos: Foi realizado um estudo de pré- e pós-teste com seis mulheres incontinentes. Como instrumento de pesquisa foi desenvolvido e aplicado o questionário de educação em saúde e incontinência urinária nos períodos pré- e pós-intervenção imediata e tardia. Os encontros basearam-se em dinâmicas de grupo aberto, por meio de palestras e atividades recreativas sobre temas relacionados com a incontinência urinária. Resultados: No período pré-intervenção, as questões relativas aos fatores mo-dificáveis para o tratamento da incontinência urinária e aquela referente aos tipos de tratamentos utilizados pelo fisioterapeuta para o tratamento de incontinência urinária, foram as que demonstraram maior percentagem de erro (83,3% das mulheres). As participantes demonstraram uma melhoria significativa do nível de conhecimento sobre a incontinência urinária do momento pré-- intervenção para o pós-intervenção imediato (p=0,005), bem como do pré-intervenção para a pós-intervenção tardia (p=0,009). Conclusão: O presente estudo demonstrou que as dinâmicas de grupo aberto, por meio do protocolo proposto, foram eficazes para melhorar o nível de conhecimento da incontinência urinária entre mulheres usuárias da Rede Pública de Saúde, tanto no período pós-intervenção imediato como no tardio
MECANISMOS MOLECULARES DE FORMAÇÃO DAS ARMADILHAS EXTRACELULARES DOS NEUTRÓFILOS E SEU PAPEL NA IMUNIDADE INATA
Authors: Andrade Filipe Fideles Duarte , Penaforte Cláudia Lopes , Veloso Clara Araujo
Published: July 2016

Introdução: Os neutrófilos eliminam micro-organismos extracelularmente por meio de degranulação e produção das armadilhas extracelulares dos neutrófilos. As armadilhas extracelulares de neutrófilos são formadas por cromatina, proteínas granulares e proteínas citoplasmáticas. Além da eliminação de vários micro-organismos, essas estruturas contribuem no aprisionamento de micro-organismos no local inicial da infecção. Objetivo: Discutir o processo de formação das armadilhas extracelulares de neutrófilos, mecanismos moleculares que regulam a produção dessas estruturas e o seu papel na imunidade inata. Material e Métodos: Foram realizadas buscas por artigos no Pubmed, Nature, Periódicos Capes e PlosOne, entre dezembro de 2014 a junho de 2015, utilizando diferentes combinações dos descritores: neutrophil extracellular traps, NETs, neutrophils, netosis, innate immunity e bacteria. Foram selecionados estudos que associavam processos moleculares à formação de armadilhas extracelulares de neutrófilos e/ou abordassem a atividade antimicrobiana dos seus componentes; estudos experimentais in vivo, in vitro e/ou in silico. Resultados: Foram localizados 1.383 artigos e após aplicação de critérios de inclusão e exclusão, 41 publicações foram selecionadas. Mecanismos distintos são responsáveis pela formação dessas armadilhas. A dependência da produção de espécies reativas de oxigênio, a composição dessas estruturas e o envolvimento de morte celular variam conforme o estímulo. Conclusão: Apesar de apresentarem efeitos benéficos durante infecções, evidências comprovam que as armadilhas extracelulares dos neu-trófilos tenham impacto negativo em doenças autoimunes e inflamatórias, deste modo, mecanismos reguladores parecem estar implicados na decisão dos neutrófilos em produzir estas estruturas. A identificação dos mecanismos reguladores da produção dessas armadilhas extracelulares pelos neutrófilos é crucial para o desenvolvimento de terapias alternativas para doenças nas quais essas estruturas estão envolvidas na patogênese.
PERFIL DE NEONATOS INTERNADOS EM UNIDADE DE TRATAMENTO INTENSIVO NEONATAL: ESTUDO TRANSVERSAL
Authors: Damian Angelica , Waterkemper Roberta , Paludo Crislaine Aparecida
Published: July 2016

Introdução: A Unidade de Tratamento Intensivo Neonatal é o serviço responsável pelo atendimento ao recém-nascido grave ou potencialmente grave. Conhecer o perfil de neonatos nesses espaços pode contribuir para a diminuição da morbimortalidade, a partir da análise de dados representativos dessa população, tanto nacional quanto internacionalmente. Estudos dessa magnitude podem demonstrar lacunas no cuidado e a possibilidade de transformação das realidades assistenciais e de saúde neonatal e ma-terna. Objetivo: traçar o perfil de nascimento e de atendimento de recém-nascidos internados, em 2013, em unidade de tratamento intensivo neonatal de hospital de referência da região nordeste do Rio Grande do Sul. Material e Métodos: estudo descritivo e transversal realizado com 126 recém-nascidos internados entre 01 de janeiro e 31 de dezembro de 2013, em um hospital da região nordeste do Rio Grande do Sul; dados analisados descritivamente, usando o software SPSS 17.0. Resultados: A maioria das crianças nasceu de parto cesáreo (84,9%), prematura (69,6%) (idade gestacional média de 33 semanas), com baixo peso ao nascer (peso de nascimento médio de 2.111gramas). O tempo de internação médio foi de 23 dias, onde 77% tiveram alta e 11,1% morreram. As principais causas de internação foram prematuridade e complicações respiratórias. Conclusão: a população de neonatos caracterizou-se, principalmente, pela prematuridade e/ou baixo peso ao nascer, com percentual considerável de recém- -nascidos com complicações respiratórias.
PREVALÊNCIA DE HIPOTIREOIDISMO EM PACIENTES COM QUEIXAS DE DISTÚRBIOS RESPIRATÓRIOS RELACIONADOS AO SONO
Authors: Bortoluzzi Talita Bottan , Abdo Yasmine Carreira V, , De Oliveira Ana Carolina , De Souza Isabela Cristina A. , Piatto Vânia Belintani , Molina Fernando Drimel
Published: July 2016

Introdução: A síndrome da apneia obstrutiva do sono (SAOS) é um dos distúrbios respiratórios mais complexos do sono. A associação entre hipotireoidismo e a referida síndrome tem sido motivo de investigação devido à similaridade dos sintomas de ambas as afecções. Objetivo: Determinar a prevalência de hipotireoidismo em pacientes com queixas de distúrbios respiratórios relacionados a sono. Material e Métodos: Foram revisados 200 prontuários de pacientes de ambos os gêneros que foram encami-nhados para primeira consulta, ao Ambulatório de Apneia do Sono de um serviço terciário, entre os anos de 2013 e 2014, sendo coletados os seguintes dados: idade à época da realização da polissonografia, nível sérico dos hormônios tiroxina livre (T4L) e estimulante da tireoide (TSH), índice de massa corpórea (IMC) e o índice de apneia/hipopneia (IAH). Estudo de casos retrospec-tivo em corte transversal. Resultados: Foi encontrada a prevalência de 16,2% (21/130) de hipotireoidismo em pacientes com síndrome da apneia obstrutiva do sono sendo a maioria do gênero masculino e 10% (7/70) de hipotireoidismo em pacientes sem síndrome da apneia obstrutiva do sono sendo todos (100%) do gênero feminino (OR-1,734; IC95%-0,6979-4,308; χ2-0,96565; p=0,3258). Conclusão: A prevalência de hipotireoidismo clínico na população estudada foi maior que a determinada na pop-ulação geral. Pacientes com sinais e sintomas similares tanto ao hipotireoidismo como a síndrome da apneia obstrutiva do sono podem se beneficiar da dosagem hormonal tireoidiana.
The Analysis of the Economical Value Added in Transport
Authors:   University of Žilina, Slovak Republic, Stehel Vojtěch , Vochozka Marek
Published: July 2016

The economic value added (EVA) is an indicator which can show the success of the company on the market. Its importance is ever growing since it is used in benchmarking analyses and in practical management of a company as a managers’ motivational factor. In the Czech Republic, quarterly surveys of selected indicators take place allowing an on-year comparison of the development of various sectors of the economy. Since the analysis of data has been carried out on a long-term basis, these data can be used for an analysis for a longer period and compare the performance data of a company. This article is focused on the analysis of EVA of transport companies in the Czech Republic. In this regard, benchmarking will reflect the ownership structure and the transport companies will be compared with the rest of the non-financial sector of the economy.
Logistics Principles for the Emergency Evacuation of People
Authors:   Department of Management, Institute of Technology and Business in České Budějovice, Straková Jarmila , Pártlová Petra , Váchal Jan
Published: July 2016

This contribution focuses on the issue of the evacuation of people during emergency situations. The study of the logistics processes for a selected object were based on the layout of the administration building, namely that of the Institute of Technology and Business in České Budějovice. The evacuation model, PathFinder, was utilized for the calculation and preparation of the logistics processes for the evacuation of people.
Project Solution in Designing Communications and Routes for Fieldwork
Authors:   Department of Informatics and Natural Sciences, Institute of Technology and Business in České Budějovice, Czech Republic, Vacka Milan , Smetanová Dana
Published: July 2016

This paper is focused on the application of descriptive geometry methods on the construction of several types of communications. Project solution in designing communications and routes for fieldwork is illustrated on examples. The examples are presented by figures and description of procedure. In the paper there is presented construction of horizontal, straight rising communication, horizontal curved communication, direct evenly ascending communication, direct disproportionately ascending communication and disproportionately ascending curved communication.
Using Simple Mathematics in the Sailing Problem
Authors:   Department of Informatics and Natural Sciences, Institute of Technology and Business in České Budějovice, Czech Republic, Vysoká Jana
Published: July 2016

In this article, we will discuss a problem of open sea sailing on a yacht. The yacht will be heading to a set point that is positioned upwind from the yacht. We will create a mathematical model and find the optimal starting direction for the yacht, so that it reaches the set point in shortest time possible.
Human Factor in Conversation Between Subordinates and Managers
Authors:   Faculty of Aeronautics, Technical University of Košice, Slovakia, Čekan Peter , Hovanec Michal , Sabo Jozef
Published: July 2016

Communication between a pilot and air traffic controller (ATC) is one of the most important factors in the aviation safety. Communication is the exchange of information based on mutual reliance, information precision and accuracy of on both communicating parties.
Appropriate Strategies of Transport Companies for More Efficient Management with the Aim of their Further Assessment Using the Operations Research Methods
Authors:   Department of Informatics and Natural Sciences, Institute of Technology and Business České Budějovice, Czech Republic, Čejka Jiří , Telecký Martin , Kolář Jiří
Published: July 2016

This article is aimed to present the basic characteristics in evaluating the real economic and operational activity which may lead to streamlining of the transport company´s management. The basic materials which can be used for evaluation include the balance sheets and the profit and loss accounts. Last but not least, the author included his own observations and knowledge of the urban public transport and the required information from the Ministry of Transport of the Czech Republic and some methods of the applied mathematics (operations research).
Gear of Hydraulic Pumps for Ship Equipment
Authors:   Institute of Technology and Business in České Budějovice, Czech Republic, Husár Štefan
Published: July 2016

The aim of this article is to analyse the involute gear of a ship´s gear pump. The gear applied in a direct gear is usually designed to comply with requirements for sustainability, reliability and operability under unfavourable working conditions. These requirements can be achieved by adjusting the axis distance, angular correction, as well as by rearranging the pressure angle. These modifications are directly interconnected.
The Application of ABC Analysis to Inventories in the Automatic Industry Utilizing the Cost Saving Effect
Authors:   Faculty of Technology,  Institute of Technology and Business in České Budějovice, Czech Republic, Kampf Rudolf , Lorincová Silvia , Hitka Miloš , Caha Zdeněk
Published: July 2016

The highest levels of management work towards profit maximization, trying to achieve the lowest possible costs and the highest possible revenues. Managers in the automotive industry have the same goal. Nowadays, the automotive industry in Slovakia is based on direct foreign investments. The industry is a key sector and is considered to be the driving force behind the development of the whole economy. ABC Analysis is one of the tools that enable companies to control their costs. It provides detailed information that enables the monitoring of how resources have been utilized within a company. It enables the management to evaluate whether costs correspond with the purpose of their spending. For this research ABC analysis was applied to the conditions within the automotive industry with the aim of utilizing the effect of cost savings. On the basis of the research and statistical calculations a proposal is put forward that enables companies to reduce their costs bound in the inventories. The new system of inventories management will enable company managements to utilize the saved money in another way and to achieve further optimization of the processes.
Application of Break-Even Point Analysis
Authors:   Institute of Technology and Business in České Budějovice, Faculty of Technology, Czech Republic, Kampf Rudolf , Majerčák Peter , Švagr Pavel
Published: July 2016

The determination of Break-even point represents the important information for the enterprise because it defines the minimum amount of products that enterprise needs to produce for cover their fixed and variable costs. Knowing the Break-even point allows enterprise to properly estimate revenues necessary to ensure profits. In this paper, authors deal with the identifying Break-even point and indicate a model example of its calculation.
Factors Associated With Exclusive Breastfeeding Through Four Weeks Postpartum in Thai Adolescent Mothers
Authors: Kanhadilok Supannee , McCain Nancy L. , McGrath Jacqueline M. , Jallo Nancy , Price Sarah K. , Chiaranai Chantira
Published: July 2016

Breastfeeding initiation and duration are decreased in adolescent mothers compared to older mothers. A prospective descriptive cohort design was used to explore personal, social, cultural, and infant factors that explain and predict breastfeeding initiation and maintenance at 4 weeks postpartum. Adolescent mothers (N = 120) were recruited at prenatal clinics in Thailand. Data were collected at enrollment, during birth hospitalization (N = 102), and at 4 weeks postpartum (N = 96). Findings revealed breastfeeding attitudes, social support, and cultural beliefs about “being a good mother” were positively correlated with breastfeeding initiation. Furthermore, breastfeeding attitudes and social support were significant positive predictors of exclusive breastfeeding (both p ≥ .01) continuation through 4 weeks, whereas infant temperament was a significant negative predictor (p ≥ .04). Maternal competence at 4 weeks postpartum was also positively correlated with exclusive breastfeeding continuation.