bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Gestión de procesos de negocio como mecanismo de transparencia y Gobierno abierto en entidades públicas de Ecuador entre 2016-2020
Authors: Cubero Gomezjurado Juan Pablo , Valdez Duffau Mathías Exequiel
Published: January 2022

Como parte de la Alianza para el Gobierno Abierto, el Estado ecuatoriano se ha comprometido a incorporar mecanismos que optimicen la transparencia de la información pública, la rendición de cuentas y ampliar el alcance de la participación ciudadana en el Gobierno. Sin embargo, la política y normativa vigentes en materia de transparencia y de apertura de información entre 2016 y 2020 encuentran limitaciones en sus mecanismos de ejecución para la consecución de los principios de Gobierno abierto. Este artículo aborda un estudio de indicadores analizados mediante metodología cualitativa y de los resultados introducidos por entidades gubernamentales mediante el uso de metodología cuantitativa, para evaluar los niveles de transparencia en la entrega de información. Se analiza el rol de la promoción de la información abierta para estimular la transparencia y la participación ciudadana como elementos del Gobierno abierto. Se concluye que, para consolidar las políticas de Gobierno abierto, a la par de brindar cumplimiento a la normativa vigente sobre transparencia, es esencial avanzar en la introducción de infraestructura tecnológica mediante la gestión de procesos de negocio y poder arribar a la apertura total de la información pública.
Constitucionalismo del desastre en Ecuador: conducta y sentencias estatales frente a la emergencia sanitaria del covid-19
Authors: Guerrero Salgado Efrén Ernesto , Rodríguez Estévez Felipe
Published: January 2022

Este artículo constituye un acercamiento al concepto de “constitucionalismo del desastre” en el escenario de la pandemia del covid-19 en Ecuador. Este escenario se caracterizó porque los actores públicos estuvieron inmersos en un contexto en el que las reglas de legalidad, controles administrativos y soluciones —de emergencia— generaron situaciones de ineficiencia sistémica. El presente artículo analiza la incapacidad de control sobre las necesidades de las personas ciudadanas y la vulneración al principio de legalidad establecido de forma constitucional, bajo el análisis conceptual del “necroconstitucionalismo” que refiere un poder que niega la política, a los sujetos y sus derechos. Para esta discusión se retoman sentencias de la Corte Constitucional del Ecuador (CCE), sobre todo la sentencia Nro. 34-20-IS/20, respecto a usos de fondos públicos para atender las necesidades de emergencia. Se concluye que el constitucionalismo del desastre, que ha operado mediante prácticas biopolíticas, restringe las condiciones de vida y generan instituciones y prácticas necropolíticas al interior de la Administración pública.
Joglo Pencu Traditional House of Kudus Indonesia
Authors: Afliha Jauharatul Kamila
Published: January 2022

This study emphasizes two problems: (1) What is the history of the traditional house of Kudus Joglo Pencu and its development; (2) What are the meanings and values in the Joglo Pencu traditional house. This study finds the Islamic meanings, decorations, and architectural arts found in the Kudus traditional house. The approach used in this research is architectural-anthropology. This theory explains the relationship between function, form and meaning in four stages, namely heuristics, interpretation, interpretation, and historiography. The results of this study indicate that the traditional house of Kudus Joglo Pencu existed in 1500 AD with original teak wood through the roles of Sunan Kudus and Kiai Telingsing. The form of this Kudus traditional house architecture is the development of Javanese traditional houses which are influenced by Chinese, European, and Persian cultures. The traditional house of Kudus Joglo Pencu has Islamic values such as on the top of the roof of the king's roof with plant motifs that humans live must take refuge in Allah.
Relationship Between A Premature Rupture Of Membranes And The Increase Of Leucocyte Levels In Pregnant Women During COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Margono Rinieta Sausan , Sukrisno Adi , Nugrohowati Nunuk , Lestari Winda
Published: January 2022

Background: Premature Rupture of Membranes (PROM) is a condition in which the membranes rupture before women’s delivery. The incidence of PROM in Indonesia is still quite high, around 4.5%-7.6% from all pregnancies. The incidence rate at DKI Jakarta in 2020 was 4.6% while at Pelni Hospital in the same year was 7.9%. The main cause of this incident was due to the occurrence of infection that spreads into the uterus and amniotic fluid as well as due to the inflammatory process. This causes arachidonic acid metabolism to be active so that the level of leucocytes in the blood being increase. The purpose of this study was to analyze the relationship between the incidence of PROM and leucocyte increasing levels at the Pelni Hospital during the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020.

 Methods: The study had used analytic observational method with cross sectional approach. The number of samples were 97 people, done by simple random sampling technique, using Medical Records of respondents along year of 2020.

 Results: Data showed the aged range of respondents were 20-35 years (79.4%); multigravida (53,6%); PROM (76.3%); respondents with method of delivery which done by cesarean section (71.1%); and respondents with PROM who experienced the increasing of leucocyte levels (80.4%). Results based on Chi-square test showed there was a relationship between PROM and increased leucocyte levels (p=0.036).

 Conclusion: The relationship between PROM and the increasing of leucocyte levels to pregnant women at Pelni Hospital during COVID-19 pandemic in 2020 possibly caused by the presence of infections from ascending microorganisms.
Using AES Encryption Algorithm to Optimize High-tech Intelligent Platform
Authors: Lee Chung-Chih , Tseng Hsing-Chau , Liu Chun-Chu , Chou Huei-Jeng
Published: January 2022

AES encryption algorithm is a universal algorithm, which can be used in many fields, including intelligent marketing. In the field of modern intelligent marketing, every enterprise adopts the platform model to carry out marketing activities, which gives birth to the high-tech intelligent marketing platform. The use of this platform does bring great convenience to marketing activities and effectively improve the success rate and efficiency of marketing. However, with the in-depth use of the intelligent marketing platform, people find that there are many security risks in this platform, including Marketing information may be damaged by people, indicating that the platform needs further optimization. At this time, AES encryption algorithm has become the main method of platform optimization. In order to understand the optimization performance of AES encryption algorithm in the high-tech intelligent marketing platform, this paper will analyze the concept of the algorithm, the existing defects of the platform, the optimization scheme of the platform under the algorithm, and finally simulate the results of the optimization scheme to verify the feasibility of the application of the algorithm.
International Trade Theories and Decision-Making Areas in the Field of Development Strategy
Authors: Jerzy Stadnicki , Oleksandr Oksanych
Published: January 2022

According to the authors' concept, there are 4 main reasons for conducting international trade: natural and geographical differences between states; differences in production costs in different countries; the effect of specialization on the production of a good with a greater relative advantage; effect of scale of production). These reasons are necessary, but not sufficient for the appearing of international trade, since any of the options for international trade can be implemented only under the conditions of acceptable "distance resistance", the main features of which are technical capabilities, costs , safety and speed of transportation). The article presents the author's concept of choosing a development strategy at the state or corporate levels, according to which the key determinants are distance resistance, nature of interaction with the environment (offensive or defensive) and the model of economic development (resource-based or knowledge-based).
Right to the City Centre
Authors: Henriques Rita
Published: January 2022

The development of a symbolic urban economy reinforces the importance of historic city centres as spaces of aesthetic and cultural consumption. Urban culturalization strategies adapt them to uses and perceptions that target specific classes of consumers, generating gentrification effects. Elaborating on a research on the Jardins Efémeros Festival in Viseu (Portugal), this article explores how its programmatic agenda and connection with local politics reconfigures the city centre by generating new balances and dissonances between the ideal of city proposed by the cultural intervention, the reframing of space for aesthetic and experiential consumption, and the local community's expectations and interests.
Higher education and the Bologna Process in Azerbaijan
Authors: Джангиров А.
Published: January 2022

Представляем вниманию читателя фрагмент книги А. Джангирова «Наше образование: из прошлого в будущее. Оптимистический взгляд» (научн. ред. Э. Аббасов; ред. М. Велиева, Р. Джангирова. Баку: Шарг-Гарб, 2021). В своем исследовании автор анализирует важные аспекты азербайджанского образования в широком международном контексте. Отличительная особенность книги – в необычной структуре, притягательность – в интерактивности. Методологические вопросы, сложные академические понятия изложены доступным языком, в диалогической форме обсуждений на виртуальных уроках. Учебное пособие А. Джангирова адресовано руководителям и специалистам сферы образования, преподавателям вузов и школ, студентам. В этом выпуске альманаха «Этнодиалоги» в сокращении публикуются уроки, посвященные специфике болонского процесса и реформам системы высшего образования в Азербайджанской Республике. Основу книги составляют опубликованные в 2008–2010 гг. тридцать «Субботних уроков», охватывающих все ступени и уровни образования. В рамках даны комментарии, отражающие произошедшие за 10–12 лет преобразования в азербайджанской системе образования и мировой практике.

We present to the reader a fragment of A. Djangirov’s book «Our Education: from the past to the future. An optimistic view» (scientific ed. by E. Abbasov; ed. by M. Veliev, R. Dzhangirov. Baku: Sharg-Garb, 2021). In his research, the author analyzes important aspects of Azerbaijani education in a broad international context. The distinctive feature of the book is in its unusual structure, the appeal is in its interactivity. Methodological issues, complex academic concepts are presented in a clear language, in a dialogical form of discussions in virtual lessons. In his textbook, A. Djangirov addresses to managers and specialists in the field of education, teachers of universities and schools, students.In this issue of the «Ethnodialogs» almanac, lessons on the specifics of the Bologna process and the reforms of the higher education system in the Republic of Azerbaijan are published in abbreviated form. The book is based on thirty «Saturday Lessons» published in 2008-2010, covering all stages and levels of education. Within the framework, the given comments are reflecting the transformations that have taken place over 10-12 years in the Azerbaijani education system and world practice.
Analysis of the carbon metabolism of Rhodopseudomonas palustris for biohydrogen production
Authors: DOĞAN-GÜNER Ezgi Melis , KOKU Harun
Published: January 2022

Hydrogen can be produced renewably and sustainably by the purple non-sulfur bacterium Rhodopseudomonas palustris from sucrose. To improve hydrogen production, detailed insight is needed, which can be obtained by studying the coupling of carbon fluxes with the light utilization apparatus and the hydrogen producing enzymes. In this study, the flux balance analysis approach was used to construct a model of the central carbon metabolism of this organism and solve the resulting network for a chosen objective function. The model was able to closely reproduce key qualitative and quantitative aspects of an independent experimental study. Further insight was obtained by additional case studies. Specifically, it was found that extreme light intensities resulted in the decrease of hydrogen production, that hydrogen production could be possible even when no light is provided, and a mix of sucrose and an organic acid could improve hydrogen production, which can be explained and supported by prior work on this organism. Further investigation is necessary to investigate the connections between metabolic network components, such the antagonistic relationship between hydrogen and polyhydroxybutyrate, which is a reserve product of this microorganism.
SELECTION OF STANDARD CONSTRUCTION CONTRACTS MODEL AND CONTRACT PURCHASE PRICING
Authors: Vilkonis Arvydas
Published: January 2022

The aim of the research is to determine for a contract’s “Design and construction works of Vilnius city wastewater treatment plant” the most suitable variant of the combination of the FIDIC standard construction contract model and the purchase pricing of contract works using the SAW. Based on expert assessments, a matrix of possible solutions is formed by interviewing 8 experts (4 public procurement specialists and 4 civil engineers). Calculations have shown that the most appropriate combination of the FIDIC standard construction contract model and contract purchase pricing is the FIDIC Yellow Book and fixed price pricing. The obtained research results mainly reflect the essence of the FIDIC Yellow Book, assessing the specifics of the contract and the complexity of the planned works.
Extreme Variability Quasars in Their Various States. I. The Sample Selection and Composite SDSS Spectra
Authors: Ren Wenke , Wang Junxian , Cai Zhenyi , Guo Hengxiao
Published: January 2022

Extremely variable quasars (EVQs) are a population of sources showing large optical photometric variability revealed by time-domain surveys. The physical origin of such extreme variability is yet unclear. In this first paper of a series, we construct the largest-ever sample of 14,012 EVQs using more than 15 yr of photometric data from Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) and Pan-STARRS1. We divide the EVQs into five subsamples according to the relative brightness of each EVQ during SDSS spectroscopic observation compared with the mean brightness from photometric observations. Corresponding control samples of normal quasars are built with matched redshift, bolometric luminosity, and supermassive black hole mass. We obtain the composite SDSS spectra of EVQs in various states and their corresponding control samples. We find EVQs exhibit clearly bluer SDSS spectra during bright states and clearly redder spectra during dim states, consistent with the “bluer-when-brighter” trend widely seen in normal quasars. We further find that the line equivalent widths (EWs) of broad Mg II, C IV and [O III] (but not broad Hβ, which is yet puzzling) gradually decreases from the dim state to the bright state, similar to the so-called intrinsic Baldwin effect commonly seen in normal active galactic nuclei. In addition, EVQs have consistently larger line EWs compared with the control samples. We also see that EVQs show slight excess in the very broad line component compared with control samples. Possible explanations for the discoveries are discussed. Our findings support the hypothesis that EVQs are in the tail of a broad distribution of quasar properties but are not a distinct population.
Dense Molecular Clouds in the Crab Supernova Remnant
Authors: Wootten Alwyn , Bentley Rory O. , Baldwin J. , Combes F. , Fabian A. C. , Ferland G. J. , Loh E. , Salome P. , Shingledecker C. N. , Castro-Carrizo A.
Published: January 2022

Molecular emission was imaged with ALMA from numerous components near and within bright H2-emitting knots and absorbing dust globules in the Crab Nebula. These observations provide a critical test of how energetic photons and particles produced in a young supernova remnant interact with gas, cleanly differentiating between competing models. The four fields targeted show contrasting properties but within them, seventeen distinct molecular clouds are identified with CO emission; a few also show emission from HCO+, SiO, and/or SO. These observations are compared with Cloudy models of these knots. It has been suggested that the Crab filaments present an exotic environment in which H2 emission comes from a mostly neutral zone probably heated by cosmic rays produced in the supernova surrounding a cool core of molecular gas. Our model is consistent with the observed CO J = 3 − 2 line strength. These molecular line emitting knots in the Crab Nebula present a novel phase of the ISM representative of many important astrophysical environments.
Gravity Investigation of Saturn’s Inner System with the Innovative Skimmer Concept
Authors: Parisi Marzia , Vaquero Mar , Hedman Matthew M. , Tiscareno Matthew S.
Published: January 2022

We present an in-depth feasibility study of innovative gravity science measurements of Saturn’s inner system, which explores the different regions of the rings, the innermost moons, and the planet itself. The study is enabled by the novel Skimmer concept, where the spacecraft grazes repeatedly the rings over multiple passes. Because of the spacecraft’s proximity to the rings, the experiment allows for the determination of their radial density distribution with unprecedented accuracy. These observations are especially important for the B and F rings, whose masses are not well constrained. During the closest approaches to Saturn, the spacecraft is sensitive to its tidal perturbations measured by the Love number k
22, which holds key information about the interior structure of the planet. The orbit geometry also allows for close flybys of icy moons not explored by the Cassini mission from a gravity perspective. Specifically, we focus on the measurements of Mimas’s tidal perturbations, indicative of the presence of a submerged ocean under the icy surface. We perform precise numerical simulations of the gravity experiment and provide an account of the expected accuracies by means of a covariance analysis. The results are based on two trajectories of the Skimmer class which differ by altitude over the rings, proximity to Saturn, and number of passes. We find that the masses of the outer-ring regions are determined to better than 0.10 Mimas masses, with the case consisting of fewer but closer ring overflights generally yielding better accuracies. The 3σ uncertainty derived for Mimas’s k
2 is 0.02, after six close equatorial flybys.
Reviewing the potential role of radiation therapy in gallbladder cancer: an update
Authors: Kumar Divyesh , Kiran Nali Muni , Khosla Divya
Published: January 2022

Gallbladder cancer is a highly malignant disease with a poor prognosis. It is the most common cancer of the biliary tract pathway. Although surgery remains the treatment of choice for early-stage disease, majority of the patients presents in locally advanced, unresectable and metastatic stage of the disease. Radiotherapy and chemotherapy thus form an integral part of management for these locally advanced staged patients. The role of radiation though has been advocated in gallbladder cancer, majorly in the adjuvant setting, its role in neoadjuvant and palliative settings remains in an evolving phase. The article thus aims to review and update the existing literature regarding the role of radiation therapy in gallbladder cancer.
Transitional and small aquatic cave habitats diversification based on protist assemblages in the Veternica cave (Medvednica Mt., Croatia)
Authors: Baković Najla , Matoničkin Kepčija Renata , Siemensma Ferry J.
Published: January 2022

Protists in caves are scarcely researched. Most cave studies address the diversity of protists, but very little is known about their habitats and spatio-temporal dynamics. The aim of this study was to investigate the diversity and abundance of protists in the Veternica cave in the Medvednica mountain in Croatia on hygropetric and sinter and clay pools during six months. During this study, 47 protists taxa were distinguished belonging to the groups of heterotrophic flagellates, ciliates, heliozoans, stramenopiles and testate and naked amoebae. The highest taxon richness was found at the sinter pool site richest in bats guano (36 taxa). Most diverse were testate amoebae and ciliates. The number of taxa and their abundance differed significantly between the sampling sites. The prospected habitats supported different protist assemblages, proved by ordination analysis. The most distinctive habitat was the hygropetric. Habitat heterogeneity could be attributed to the presence of inorganic and organic sediments at the sites and habitat microhydrology (lotic or lentic system). Kendall’s concordance coefficient showed a good synchronicity between the habitats in the Veternica cave, based on taxon richness and abundance of protists indicating similar seasonal trends. Seasonality in the studied habitats is attributed to the hydro-meteorological conditions in the Veternica cave drainage area. This study is one of the few studies of spatio-temporal diversity and abundance of protists in caves. Despite the similar appearance of small transitional and aquatic habitats in caves, an example of this study showed specific habitat diversification.
A statistical reanalysis of morphological differentiation among island night lizards (Xantusia riversiana) from the California Channel Islands
Authors: Grismer L. Lee , Chan Kin Onn , Lovich Robert E. , Grismer Jesse L.
Published: January 2022

This study re-analyzes morphometric and meristic data among island night lizards, Xantusia riversiana, from the California Channel Islands of San Clemente, Santa Barbara, and San Nicolas in order to ascertain whether the implementation of different statistical methods can recover different results that could potentially alter biological interpretations. Our results concur with a recent previous study demonstrating that the three island populations differ morphologically from one another and that the San Nicolas Island population is the most divergent. Several important aspects, however, of the previous study depart significantly from those recovered here. Our analyses found sexual dimorphism within each population for both morphometric and meristic characters to be relatively uncommon whereas the previous study found nearly all characters to be sexually dimorphic for all island populations. The previous study also recovered significant differences among the three island populations for all morphometric characters whereas far fewer differences were recovered in the present study. Both studies found few significant inter-island differences among the meristic characters. The discordances between these two studies stem from differences in the a priori treatment of the raw character data and the different downstream statistical analyses and visualization techniques used on those data. This was particularly relevant with the use here of an allometric growth algorithm for size-correcting the morphometric data not used in the previous study and by treating all three populations as independently evolving groups. We did not conduct analyses where data from the San Clemente and Santa Barbara island populations were conflated based on their subspecific designation (X. r. reticulata) and then compared to data from the independently evolving San Nicolas Island population. This imprudent use of taxonomy violates the assumptions of statistical independence. We emphasize that explicit justification for the use of particular statistical analyses should occur in all studies—especially if the results bear on the implementation of effective and efficient resource management programs.
A Gauss-Seidel projection method with the minimal number of updates for the stray field in micromagnetics simulations
Authors: Li Panchi , Ma Zetao , Du Rui , Chen Jingrun
Published: January 2022

Magnetization dynamics in magnetic materials is often modeled by the Landau-Lifshitz equation, which is solved numerically in general. In micromagnetics simulations, the computational cost relies heavily on the time-marching scheme and the evaluation of the stray field. In this work, we propose a new method, dubbed as GSPM-BDF2, by combining the advantages of the Gauss-Seidel projection method (GSPM) and the second-order backward differentiation formula scheme (BDF2). Like GSPM, this method is first-order accurate in time and second-order accurate in space, and it is unconditionally stable with respect to the damping parameter. Remarkably, GSPM-BDF2 updates the stray field only once per time step, leading to an efficiency improvement of about \begin{document}$ 60\% $\end{document} compared with the state-of-the-art of GSPM for micromagnetics simulations. For Standard Problems #4 and #5 from National Institute of Standards and Technology, GSPM-BDF2 reduces the computational time over the popular software OOMMF by \begin{document}$ 82\% $\end{document} and \begin{document}$ 96\% $\end{document}, respectively. Thus, the proposed method provides a more efficient choice for micromagnetics simulations.
Metric entropy for set-valued maps
Authors: Vivas Kendry J. , Sirvent Víctor F.
Published: January 2022

In this article we define a notion of metric entropy for an invariant measure associated to a set-valued map \begin{document}$ F $\end{document} on a compact metric space \begin{document}$ X $\end{document}. Besides, we describe its main properties and prove the Half Variational Principle, which relates the metric entropy with the notion of topological entropy given in [13] for this class of maps.
The total variation flow in metric graphs
Authors: Mazón José M. ,   Departamento de Análisis Matemático, Univ. Valencia, Dr. Moliner 50, 46100 Burjassot, Spain
Published: January 2022

Our aim is to study the total variation flow in metric graphs. First, we define the functions of bounded variation in metric graphs and their total variation, we also give an integration by parts formula. We prove existence and uniqueness of solutions and that the solutions reach the mean of the initial data in finite time. Moreover, we obtain explicit solutions.
« The reality is, Mr. Speaker, that… » : de la modalité au positionnement énonciatif dans les structures projectives
Authors: Berthe Florine
Published: January 2022

Nous nous intéressons à la question des positionnements énonciatifs et aux domaines du discours dans lesquels ils se rencontrent au sein d’un débat parlementaire. Cet article propose de se concentrer sur une famille de structures projectives que l’on retrouve en particulier à l’oral et qui se présentent sous la forme d’un énoncé en deux parties liées par la copule be. Sont alors incluses dans notre réflexion les structures du type the thing is ainsi que différentes variantes, comprenant des structures telles que the point is, the fact is, the funny thing about this is, ou encore the point I want to make is. Ces diverses structures sont généralement étudiées pour leur fonctionnement projectif et focalisant, ainsi que pour leurs fonctions discursives et pragmatiques. Il est dit qu’elles permettent, entre autres, à l’énonciateur de commenter le segment qui suit, qui contient fréquemment l’ensemble du contenu propositionnel de l’énoncé et est analysé comme étant le rhème de cet énoncé. Au sein du débat parlementaire étudié, ces structures sont utilisées stratégiquement par les différents locuteurs et sont la trace d’un positionnement énonciatif. A partir des recherches précédemment menées sur ces structures, nous présenterons les propriétés qui en font un endroit privilégié où trouver des traces d’un positionnement énonciatif. Nous montrerons que ces structures peuvent opérer deux types de positionnement. D’une part, certaines variantes font apparaître des noms qui présentent un caractère modal épistémique, déontique ou évaluatif. La structure est alors employée par l’énonciateur afin d’indiquer son positionnement modal face au rhème qui est introduit dans le second temps de l’énoncé. D’autre part, elles peuvent être employées de manière à souligner la source énonciative du contenu propositionnel de l’énoncé. Lorsque l’énonciateur souligne qu’il s’agit des propos d’un tiers, il se positionne alors lui-même face à ces propos.
Le /r/ de l’anglais dans le corpus IPCE-IPAC : Évaluation quantitative et qualitative des productions orales des apprenants francophones
Authors: Trifu-Dejeu Ioana , Herry-Bénit Nadine , Lopez Stéphanie
Published: January 2022

La variabilité du /r/ dans la langue anglaise, ainsi que dans d’autres langues du monde, est depuis longtemps répandue et accréditée. Cette variabilité est d’autant plus susceptible d’exister chez les francophones apprenant l’anglais. Dans cette étude faisant partie du projet IPCE-IPAC, nous procédons, dans un premier temps, à la vérification du pourcentage de réalisation du /r/ en position de coda et d’attaque de syllabe, afin de nous familiariser avec le comportement instable de ce son. Nous investiguons donc, les prononciations du /r/ via un codage alphanumérique. Ensuite, nous analysons dans quelle mesure l’accent ciblé de l’anglais produit par les apprenants francophones est respecté, et quelles tâches de production à l’oral génèrent le plus de variations aux niveaux qualitatif et quantitatif. Une étude des contextes langagiers et des types de mots suscitant le plus d'erreurs, permettra de dégager des pistes de remédiation de la prononciation du /r/ chez les apprenants francophones.
Notes on Theories of Conservation – Colonialism, Obsolescence, Misreading
Authors: Santos Pedro Augusto Vieira
Published: January 2022

Malgré les discussions récurrentes sur les enjeux théoriques et éthiques de la restauration, la production scientifique de ces dernières années révèle la difficulté de parvenir à des opinions et des formulations consensuelles – ce qui n'est pas un problème. Le problème est la fragilité de certaines de ces opinions ou de ces formulations, qui peut être justifiée par les fantômes qui hantent encore la production scientifique en général : le Colonialisme, l'Obsolescence et l'Interprétation erronée. Cet article vise à mettre en évidence ces problèmes et à tracer des pistes de solutions, à partir de commentaires sur des auteurs du domaine de la conservation, de l'analyse ponctuelle de leurs productions et de la manière dont leurs idées sont appropriées par les chercheurs du milieu.
Étudier les classes inversées en mathématiques. Préalables méthodologiques sur les cours : le cas particulier des « capsules »
Authors: Allard Cécile , Robert Aline
Published: January 2022

En mathématiques, dans l’enseignement secondaire et universitaire, certains enseignants peuvent être considérés comme « inverseurs » au sens des cinq critères retenus dans la présentation du dossier, même si dans cette discipline se rencontre une grande diversité de pratiques d’inversion. Pour avancer sur le questionnement de ce type de dispositifs, qui mettent en jeu l’exposition des connaissances différemment de ce qui est fait en séances classiques, nous faisons un détour méthodologique. Nous inscrivant dans la théorie de l’activité, nous présentons des moyens spécifiques d’analyse des moments d’exposition des connaissances, quels qu’en soient les déroulements, en classe ou non. De quelques études menées en didactique des mathématiques sur ce sujet nous dégageons des premiers résultats communs. Une discussion sur des avantages et inconvénients des deux types de modalités d’exposition des connaissances, avec inversion ou non, termine ce travail. Cela nous amène à émettre des hypothèses sur l’inversion et ouvrir des perspectives sur un travail ultérieur plus développé.
Fundamental Concepts of Corporate Social Responsibility and Sustainability
Authors: Antonaras Alexandros
Published: January 2022

Social value is created when resources, inputs, processes, or policies are combined to generate improvements in the lives of individuals or society as a whole. It is crucial for any organization to be able to demonstrate the value it creates by its very existence. Corporate social responsibility (CSR) has never been more important. Citizens nowadays demand a responsible business behavior from all kinds of organizations, corporations, and their leaders who have become aware of the crucial role of social responsibility in seeking performance excellence and sustainable growth. This chapter introduces the concept of CSR and explains its importance providing the historical background that made it synonymous to sustainability. The benefits resulting from CSR are briefly presented while the main recent developments in the area of CSR and sustainability are analyzed. Particularly, emphasis is given on the 2030 Agenda, the European Directive (2014/95/EU) on non-financial reporting, and the recent trends for socially responsible investments.
A Mission-Based Approach to Teaching Finance
Authors: Schellhorn Carolin
Published: January 2022

A focus on purely economic and financial metrics and tools has contributed to the failure of our economic system to address growing social injustice and environmental threats. Educational institutions with missions that aim to mitigate these problems are uniquely positioned to improve our economies and communities by adopting an approach to financial decision making that considers a broad range of information, and selects from that the sources and tools relevant to addressing specific issues. A holistic approach to financial decision making is supported by the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals and the encyclical of Pope Francis. This chapter outlines a college-level course structure that emphasizes the critical roles of ethics, sustainability and industry-specific expertise in responsible financial decision-making. Business schools that aim to support sustainable development could provide fresh evidence to the accreditation bodies that teaching and learning in their campus communities are fully aligned with their missions by offering similar courses.
Role of Digitalization Post-Pandemic for Development of SMEs
Authors: Joseph Emil , M. Dhanabhakyam M.
Published: January 2022

SMEs are the backbone of India's economy; due to the serious effect of the pandemic COVID-19, almost all the sectors are in a serious threat. This also reflects the SME sector more than any of the sectors. In this chapter, the researcher will analyze the problems faced by SMEs due to the pandemic. For the purpose of analysis, the researcher uses various statistical tools. Most of the data are collected from secondary sources and some of the data are collected using primary sources by issuing questionnaires through social media. SMEs are key players in the global landscape, especially in emerging economies. According to the World Bank, SMEs account for 90% of businesses and more than 50% of jobs. SMEs around the world focus on services, which are characterized by low access costs and low resource requirements. However, there is also a large diversity of SMEs due to different market conditions. According to the country's Ministry of Economy, SMEs represent more than 98% of the total number of companies operating in the country.
Is Crowdfunding One Way to Pay Education?
Authors: Maia Isabel Pimentel
Published: January 2022

Crowdfunding is an innovative, creative tool of distance collaborative funding, which can galvanise an optimal number of people to various potentials, including education. The aim is to understand crowdfunding and its implementation in Portugal, focusing on successful projects and exploring its potential use in literacy and educational projects, as an alternative to resources perceived as ‘classical'. Successful Portuguese projects in education are still underused and under-reported, despite being great allies to innovative, creative educational entrepreneurs requiring swift responses in a post-pandemic future. Is crowdfunding a way to change education?
Working Anywhere Management Opportunities and Challenges
Authors: Blount Yvette
Published: January 2022

This chapter examines the literature relating to information and communications technology (ICT) and opportunities and barriers relating to anywhere working. The workforce is becoming more global, and workers can work from anywhere and still be connected with colleagues and collaborators. Although ICT is an enabler of anywhere working, sustainable anywhere working requires specific management skills and capabilities. Globalization of work requires organizations to manage workers ranging from full-time employees through to freelancers working in different locations including a central office, co-working center, from home, and other flexible options. The chapter concludes by proposing a research agenda and conceptual framework to identify the management skills and capabilities required to successfully manage anywhere working (other terms include telework and telecommuting). The proposed conceptual framework will inform researchers and managers on best practice for adopting sustainable anywhere working to achieve strategic business objectives.
Predicting Financial Crises in a Globalized World
Authors: Mermod Asli Yuksel , Yüksel Ülkü , Sutton-Brady Catherine
Published: January 2022

This chapter highlights the facts about financial crises and their fundamental causes on specific incidents, including the 1929 Great Depression that lasted until the early-1940s, 1997 Asian Financial Crises, 1998 Russian Financial Crises, and the Liquidity Crises of 2008, and makes a comparison among them and their various outcomes. In doing so, the study specifies the cues that emerge in the financial system that may help governments predict upcoming financial crises through those early warning signals. This case study specifically analyses the Turkish Banking System that was restructured after the enormous financial crises in Turkey in 2001, which caused many Turkish banks to collapse. However, the precautions taken in the aftermath of the financial turmoil allowed them to survive the liquidity crises in 2008. The indicators of an upcoming crisis are examined, the lessons learned from this case are analyzed, and important recommendations to overcome banking crises are provided.
Financial Innovation: Accelerating Financial Inclusion in South Asia
Authors: Kabir Md. Humayun
Published: January 2022

Financial innovation and financial inclusion are helping countries to achieve inclusive economic growth by mitigating poverty. The purpose of the chapter is to examine how financial innovation accelerating financial inclusion in South Asian countries. The uses of internet banking, mobile banking, short message service (SMS) banking, electronic banking (e-banking), agent banking, mobile money accounts, and mobile wallet banking is increasing at an increasing rate, which is engaging the unbanked people in the financial systems. The robust growth of the mobile ecosystem in South Asia is contributing broadly to the engagement of financial inclusion. The empirical analysis was done by using data from the Global Financial Inclusion Database (Global Findex) and Global Financial Development Database to see how automated financial products and services are conveniently receiving by the unbanked population. The results of the analysis show that many financial innovations in financial products and services delivery from financial technology is closing gaps in financial inclusion significantly.
Drawing the Technologies of Improving the Methods of Crisis Management Based on a Complex Approach
Authors: Mocanu Nelu
Published: January 2022

The purpose of any modern economic politics is to ensure the stability and economic growth. In order to achieve this goal, each economic agent models (builds) an individual economic strategy. The building of the actual economic model is influenced by many factors – political, geographical, national, and cultural. Today, by the notion of crisis, we understand an aggravation of the discrepancies of the social-economic system that threaten its stability. Specialist that deal with problems of crisis management claim that measures must be taken when the financial results of the enterprise become unsatisfactory, when symptoms of an unfavorable situation of the activity of enterprise appear. This chapter presents the economic-organizational analysis of the strategies applied in the anti-crisis management.
Strategies for Entrepreneurial Innovation and Sustainability
Authors: Deshpande Mukund
Published: January 2022

SMEs contribute up to 60% of total employment and up to 40% of GDP in emerging economies. These SMEs recently faced, due to COVID-19 pandemic, chaotic circumstances resulting in business shut down, loss of man-hours, halt of machinery and material movement by which they lost their economy. Quick solutions to address the challenges were out of view. Moreover, making major changes swiftly in the set business system was impractical and probably impossible. Getting normalcy back on track delayed extensively owing to the unavailability of vaccines. Ignorance in terms of the remedy made the businesspersons helpless to bear with the situation. Literature exposed that the pandemic situation paralyzed the business functions entirely. Obviously, to safeguard the SMEs from such incidences in the future, this study became essential in understanding remedial, innovative, and sustainable strategies.
Developing Special Educators to Work Within Tiered Frameworks
Authors: Slanda Dena D. , Little Mary E.
Published: January 2022

This chapter situates the expansive roles and responsibilities of special educators in inclusive settings within the historical context of 40 years of legislation and policy. Ultimately, these legislative changes have led to the development, implementation, and scaleup of a multi-tiered system of supports which has impacted the special educator who works within the framework. This chapter begins with an overview of the legislation which has guided the reconceptualization of special education and accordingly the roles and responsibilities of the special educator. Then, the main tenets of the MTSS framework are provided, and the role of the special educator is situated within the framework to provide a greater understanding of the advances and how teacher preparation programs can respond to the revisions. Finally, this chapter highlights high-leverage practices cross-walked with resources from national centers which can be utilized to meet the needs of students with high-intensity needs.
Transition Defined
Authors: Weisensel Heidi
Published: January 2022

Transition services, as they pertain to special education, have been fine-tuned over the years to help prepare students with disabilities for life after high school. Choosing an institution of higher education and a field of work can be a daunting task. It does not have to be, especially if students with disabilities had the right support in place as dictated by their individualized education and transition plans. This chapter is dedicated to transition services. The purposes of this chapter are threefold. First, the chapter reflects on the history of special education and transition services and how changes in the laws have led to present day practices. Second, the chapter defines transition services, and the support students can receive in today's educational world. Third, the chapter looks into the future to determine possible recommendations for positive change.
Solvothermal Synthesis, Photocatalytic and Electrochemical Properties of Flower-Like TiO2 with Hierarchical Structures
Authors: Tan Shang Hua , Yan Gong Qin , Luan Zhao Jin , Yu Dong Yan , Luo Jun Hua
Published: January 2022

Flower-like TiO2 hierarchical structures were synthesized by a solvothermal strategy using tetrabutyl titanate as the titanium source. The obtained flower-like TiO2 hierarchical structures were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), specific surface area analysis, Raman spectroscopy and energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). Results show that the flower-like hierarchical structures are composed of anatase titanium dioxide. TiO2 nanowires are first formed by the self-assembly of nanocrystals with a diameter of 20 nm, and then several TiO2 nanowires produce a petal-like structure. Finally, flower-like TiO2 hierarchical structures with a diameter of 2 ~ 2.3 μm are assembled by these petal-like structures. The electrochemical properties of the flower-like TiO2 hierarchical structures were studied by using these hierarchical structures as the anode material in a lithium-ion battery. The flower-like TiO2 hierarchical structures have an initial discharge capacity of 473.9 mAh/g at a current density of 100 mA/g and an initial discharge capacity of 244.4 mAh/g at a current density of 2 A/g in the potential range of 0.01~3 V. The photocatalytic properties of the flower-like TiO2 hierarchical structures were studied by degrading methyl orange (MO) solution under ultraviolet (UV) light irradiation. When used as a photocatalyst, the degradation rate of MO is 95.8% after 40 min of UV irradiation, showing that the flower-like TiO2 hierarchical structures have excellent photocatalytic activity.
Review of Oil Palm Mesocarp Fiber (OPMF) Mechanical and Chemical Properties Improvement to Develop Environment Friendly Material
Authors: Putro Sartono , Nagentrau Muniandy , Rajendra Royan Nishata Royan , Jamian Saifulnizan
Published: January 2022

Malaysia is one of the largest producers of palm oil which produces vast amounts of bio waste. Natural fiber from palm oil has interesting properties such as low cost, light weight and biodegradable that can replace synthetic fiber. Some of the oil palm bio waste residues are oil palm mesocarp fiber (OPMF), palm kernel shells and empty fruit bunches. Mesocarp fiber can be utilised as bio-composites material with proper treatment techniques to improve its mechanical and chemical properties for various potential application. This review is attempted to address critical discussion on a number of approaches in improving OPMF mechanical and chemical properties. Potential application of OPMF in various application are identified as research gap to develop environment friendly materials in future.
Structure and Mechanical Properties of Double Side Friction Stir Welded Aluminium AA6061 with the Addition of Cu Powder
Authors: Anggono Agus Dwi , Kholis Nur , Ngafwan
Published: January 2022

The research objective is to investigate the formation of new compounds and the mechanical properties of Double Side Friction Stir Welding (DS-FSW) welding with Cu particle reinforcement. Aluminum alloys of AA6061 and 12 μm Cu powder were chosen as the main materials. The addition of Cu particles is conducted in single groove and double groove. The DS-FSW process uses CNC milling with a feed rate of 80 mm/minute and 1000 rpm of tool rotation. Observation of the microstructure was carried out by using optical metallography, and X-ray diffraction. Microhardness testing was done to determine the mechanical properties of the material. The results showed that the increase in the hardness value of 23.39% occurred in the double groove material. MMCs detected were Al2Cu, and AlCu2Mn.