bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
In-plane shear of nanoprepreg/nanostitched three-dimensional carbon/epoxy multiwalled carbon nanotubes composites
Authors: Bilisik Kadir , Karaduman Nesrin , Erdogan Gulhan , Sapanci Erdal , Gungor Sila
Published: April 2019

The in-plane shear properties of nanostitched three-dimensional (3D) carbon/epoxy composites were investigated. Adding the stitching fiber or multiwalled carbon nanotubes or nanostitched fiber into carbon fabric preform slightly improved the shear strength and modulus of stitched and stitched nanocomposites. The in-plane shear fracture of the base and nanostructures was extensive delamination and tensile fiber failures in the sheared region. But, the stitched and stitched nanocomposites had angular deformation of the stitching yarns in the fiber scissoring areas, shear hackles in the matrix and successive fiber breakages in the interlayers. Probably, this mechanism prohibited extensive interlayer opening in the nanostitched composites. The results exhibited that introducing the stitching fiber (1.44%) and multiwalled carbon nanotubes (0.03125%) in the base structure enhanced its transverse fracture properties as a form of confined delamination area. Therefore, the damaged tolerance properties of the stitched nanocomposites were enhanced.
Safety and short-term efficacy of telangiectasia treatment by means of an innovative combination of 532 and 808 nm transdermal diode laser
Authors: Crippa Angelo , Menegatti Erica , Zini Francesco , Tessari Lorenzo , Taibi Angelo , Maietti Elisa , Gianesini Sergio
Published: April 2019

Objectives

To evaluate the safety and efficacy of an innovative transdermal multiple wavelength diode laser in telangiectasia treatment.

Methods

A total of 94 females underwent treatment by means of a multiple wavelength laser. All the cases were treated by three cycles of 532 nm combined with simultaneous 808 nm pulse. OFF time between the cycles was 10 ms. The handling physician, the patient and a blind assessor scored the aesthetic outcome in a range from 0 (no change) to 10 (100% disappearance). Pain was scored from 0 (no pain) to 10 (most painful experience ever) by the patient.

Results

At 5 ± 1 months, depigmentation was observed in 3/94 cases (3.2%), hyperpigmentation in (4/94 4.2%), transient erythema in 14/94 (14.9%), transient oedema in 11/94 (11.7%), matting in 1/94 (1.1%). Mean aesthetic outcome was scored as 7.9 ± 1.3 by the physician, 7.7 ± 1 by the independent assessor and 7.2 ± 2.4 by the patient. Patients reported a mean peri-procedural pain of 3.4 ± 1.5.

Conclusions

The simultaneous application of 532 nm and 808 nm laser emission is safe and effective in 0.1–1 mm telangiectasia treatment. The present investigation provides data for a deeper insight into the biology of the tissue photo-modulation.
Intimate Partner Violence Experiences of Sexual and Gender Minority Adolescents and Young Adults Assigned Female at Birth
Authors: Whitton Sarah W. , Dyar Christina , Mustanski Brian , Newcomb Michael E.
Published: April 2019

Sexual and gender minority youth, especially those assigned female at birth, are at risk for intimate partner violence (IPV) due to minority stressors. With a sample of 352 sexual and gender minority youth assigned female at birth (ages 16–32), we aimed to describe IPV in this population, including the prevalence, directionality, frequency, co-occurrence, and demographic correlates of various IPV types. Rates of past-6-month IPV were high, with victimization and perpetration of minor psychological IPV most common (64–70%); followed by severe psychological, minor physical, and coercive control (21–33%); and severe physical and sexual IPV (10–15%). For cyber abuse and IPV tactics leveraging anti-sexual minority stigma, victimization (12.5% and 14.8%, respectively) was more common than perpetration (8% and 5.7%, respectively). Most IPV was bidirectional and occurred 1–2 times in 6 months, although the frequency varied considerably. Latent class analyses revealed that half of the participants reported no or minimal IPV; one-third experienced multiple forms of psychological IPV (including coercive control); and 10–15% reported psychological, physical, sexual, and cyber abuse. Racial minority youth had higher rates of most IPV types than White participants. We hope study findings will inform policies and interventions to prevent IPV among gender and sexual minority youth assigned female at birth.
PLGA nanoparticle-based docetaxel/LY294002 drug delivery system enhances antitumor activities against gastric cancer
Authors: Cai Juan , Qian Keyang , Zuo Xueliang , Yue Wuheng , Bian Yinzhu , Yang Ju , Wei Jia , Zhao Wenying , Qian Hanqing , Liu Baorui
Published: April 2019

Docetaxel (TXT) is acknowledged as one of the most important chemotherapy agents for gastric cancer (GC). PI3K/AKT signaling is frequently activated in GC, and its inhibitor LY294002 exerts potent antitumor effects. However, the hydrophobicity of TXT and the poor solubility and low bioavailability of LY294002 limit their clinical application. To overcome these shortcomings, we developed poly(lactic acid/glycolic) (PLGA) nanoparticles loaded with TXT and LY294002. PLGA facilitated the accumulation of TXT and LY294002 at the tumor sites. The in vitro functional results showed that PLGA(TXT+LY294002) exhibited controlled-release and resulted in a markedly reduced proliferative capacity and an elevated apoptosis rate. An in vivo orthotopic GC mouse model and xenograft mouse model confirmed the anticancer superiority and tumor-targeting feature of PLGA(TXT+LY294002). Histological analysis indicated that PLGA(TXT+LY294002) was biocompatible and had no toxicity to major organs. Characterized by the combined slow release of TXT and LY294002, this novel PLGA-based TXT/LY294002 drug delivery system provides controlled release and tumor targeting and is safe, shedding light on the future of targeted therapy against GC.
Heat transfer comparison investigation of mist/steam two-phase flow and steam in a square smooth channel
Authors: Shi Xiaojun , Jiang Guangwen , Gao Jianmin , Chen Guanwen , Xu Liang
Published: April 2019

A small amount of fine water droplets is injected into steam to form mist/steam two-phase flow as the working fluid of internal cooling passages of blades and vanes, which is a promising cooling technology to replace compressed air cooling for next generation gas turbine. To simulate mist/steam flow in the internal cooling passage of gas turbine blade/vane, a smooth square channel was made by welding four stainless steel plates. The test channel employs a hydraulic diameter of 40 mm and a length of 420 mm. The thickness of the channel plate is 3 mm. The wall temperature distribution and averaged Nusselt number ratio of mist/steam and steam-only in this channel were numerically and experimentally investigated under the same test conditions for comparison. The effects of Reynolds number, wall heat flux and mass flow rate on the heat transfer performance have been analyzed. The results show that within the scope of allowable error the calculated results were acceptable to simulate the experiment subject with the numerical model in this work. Compared with steam-only, the variation trend of wall temperature distribution cooled by the mist/steam is different at the middle region of the test section. The heat transfer coefficient of mist/steam two-phase flow is significantly improved.
The essential role of costimulatory molecules in systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: Xiao Z X , Olsen N , Zheng S G
Published: April 2019

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic inflammatory disease with immune system disorder mediated through complex autoimmune pathways that involve immune cells, nonimmune cells, cytokines, chemokines, as well as costimulatory molecules. Costimulatory signals play a critical role in initiating, maintaining and regulating immune reactions, and these include ligands and receptors and their interactions involving multiple types of signal information. Dysfunction of costimulatory factors results in complicated abnormal immune responses, with biological effects and eventually, clinical autoimmune diseases. Here we outline what is known about various roles that costimulatory families including the B7 family and tumor necrosis factor super family play in SLE. The aim of this review is to understand the possible association of costimulation with autoimmune diseases, especially SLE, and to explore possible therapeutic target(s) of costimulatory molecules and pathways that might be used to develop therapeutic approaches for patients with these conditions.
An improved thermo-mechanical model for spindle transient preload analysis
Authors: Li Jiandong , Zhu Yongsheng , Yan Ke , Hong Jun , Yan Xiaoyun
Published: April 2019

Preload has a significant effect on the precision of machine tool spindle, and it changes transiently in different operating conditions. In this paper, the transient feature of spindle preload under multi-factor coupled effect was discussed theoretically and experimentally. By adopting the transient network method and the time-discrete approach, the integrated thermo-mechanical model of a spindle was established. The axial and radial deformations of spindle system, induced by centrifugal force, thermal, and assembly stresses, were all discussed. The effects of the various factors on the transient preload were analyzed, and results show that speed and temperature contribute the most to the transient preload, followed by the bearing deflection. Finally, experimental results indicate the correctness of the improved model.
Phonological strategies and peer scaffolding in digital literacy game-playing sessions in a Finnish pre-primary class
Authors: Kulju Pirjo , Mäkinen Marita
Published: April 2019

This study explored what kinds of phonological strategies are used by children and how they scaffold each other while they solve tasks in a digital literacy game. The theoretical basis of this study lies in Vygotsky's thoughts on the role of social interaction in learning and in the concept of peer scaffolding. The data included eight videotaped game-playing sessions conducted in small groups in a Finnish pre-primary class with six-year-old children. The analysis was carried out in two phases. Based on a qualitative content analysis of peer-scaffolding episodes (N = 363), it was found that the Finnish-speaking children used several types of phonological strategies, such as the syllabification of words, phonological processing and the production of letter names in solving word- and syllable-level game tasks. Furthermore, a microgenetic analysis of the episodes showed that the six-year-olds displayed emerging peer-scaffolding patterns, such as initiation, responding, modelling and expanding. The results illustrate the pedagogical potential of digital literacy games in the context of social interaction and peer scaffolding.
Dreaming across continents: A collaborative inquiry into dream sharing as a resource for action researchers
Authors: Balogh Ruth , Getz Cheryl
Published: April 2019

This is a collaborative inquiry into how dream sharing might inform our work as action researchers. Our main inquiry’s purpose was to explore participants’ experiences of an action research conference through sharing dream material in a social dreaming matrix, set up to create collective rather than individual meanings from dreams. A further purpose, which developed as we reported on the social dreaming matrix, was to examine our own dream insights as an ongoing parallel process whereby we shared our own dreams to facilitate and inform our reporting. We did this through documentary exchange and monthly telephone interchanges. Our theorizing about the interplay between conscious and unconscious mental processes draws on the psychoanalytically based ideas of Bion, Jung, Bollas, and Gordon Lawrence who developed the ideas and practice of social dreaming. We found our dream sharing helped overcome difficulties in writing the paper through a deeper and different level of knowing. Four themes emerged, they were the challenges and risks of doing action research particularly on dreaming, new insights and challenges that our dream sharing raised, the search for guides in our life and work, and the irruption of our research in other aspects of our lives.
Prospective Single-Arm Trial of Endovascular Mechanical Debulking as Initial Therapy in Patients With Acute and Subacute Lower Limb Ischemia: One-Year Outcomes
Authors: Bulvas Miroslav , Sommerová Zuzana , Vaněk Ivan , Weiss Jiří
Published: April 2019

Purpose: To report the results of a prospective, single-arm study to establish whether the initial treatment of acute or subacute limb ischemia (ALI and SLI, respectively) can be accomplished successfully using endovascular mechanical debulking of the target vessels to avoid the risks associated with thrombolysis and/or open surgery. Materials and Methods: From April 2009 to April 2015, 316 consecutive patients (mean age 70.9±12 years; 184 men) with ALI (202, 63.9%) or SLI (114, 36.1%) were enrolled; the only exclusion criterion was irreversible ischemia. The ALI group included 146 (72.3%) participants with category IIb ischemia and 56 (27.7%) with category IIa. Critical limb ischemia was diagnosed in 74 (64.9%) of the 114 patients with SLI. Target occlusions of thrombotic (n=256) or embolic (n=60) origin were located in the femoropopliteal segment (n=231), prosthetic or venous femoropopliteal bypass grafts (n=75), and the aortoiliac segment (n=35). The mean occlusion length was 22.9±14.8 cm. Results: The overall technical success (residual stenosis ≤30%) was 100% after debulking and adjunctive techniques (aspiration, dilation, stenting) at the level of the target lesions. No open surgical or thrombolytic modalities were necessary to bypass or recanalize the target vessels, and no death occurred in association with target occlusion therapy. Additional infrapopliteal interventions were performed in 195 (61.7%) patients (adjunctive thrombolysis in 29) to treat acute, subacute, and chronic lesions. Minor complications directly related to the debulking procedure occurred in 26 (8.2%) patients. Serious complications occurred in 11 (3.5%) patients, including hemorrhage in 8 (2.5%) patients (associated with infrapopliteal thrombolysis in 5). At 30 days, primary and secondary patency rates were 94.3% and 97.2%, respectively; mortality was 0.3% (1 fatal intracranial hemorrhage after adjunctive thrombolysis). Of 229 patients eligible for 1-year follow-up, amputation-free survival was estimated to be 87.4% in 199 patients with available data. Conclusion: In this all-comers study, mechanical debulking with the Rotarex alone or with adjunctive techniques is feasible as a primary therapy for occluded supratibial vessels in patients with ALI or SLI.
Electrospun polyimide nanofibrous membranes for absorption of oil spills
Authors: Liu Yongsheng , Qian Xiaoming , Wang Liang , Bai He , Cui Yuanwen
Published: April 2019

The demand for an efficient method for absorbing oil in harsh environments is increasingly urgent around the world. In this study, polyimide nanofibrous membranes were fabricated via electrospinning of polyamic acid precursor solutions followed by a thermal imidization. Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) microparticles were added to modify the performance of polyimide nanofibrous membrane. Their morphologies were observed by field emission scanning electron microscopy, which revealed that polyimide nanofiber diameters ranged from 200 ± 20 to 350 ± 35 nm by adjusting polyamic acid concentrations. Polytetrafluoroethylene microparticles were embedded in polyimide matrices, which enhanced the mechanical strength and hydrophobicity of the polyimide nanofibrous membrane. Adding 1.8% polytetrafluoroethylene microparticles, the tensile strength of sample P6 was increased by 6.44-fold and water contact angles rose from 105 to 133°. Sample P2 had a maximum oil adsorption capacity of 2650% and a water contact angle of 107°, which might be considered a competitive future candidate for oil absorption at high temperatures.
Ankle Brachial Pressure Index: An update for the vascular specialist and general practitioner
Authors: Thurston Benjamin , Dawson Joseph
Published: April 2019

Objectives

Ankle brachial pressure index (ABPI) is an invaluable tool for assessing the severity of peripheral arterial disease. In addition, it can be used as an independent marker of cardiovascular risk, with a predictive ability similar to the Framingham criteria. Identification of an abnormal ABPI should therefore trigger aggressive cardiac risk factor modulation for a patient. Unfortunately, the significance of abnormal ABPIs is poorly understood within the general medical community. This is compounded by the influence of various comorbidities on accurate measurement of ABPI, potentially leading to a wide variability in readings that need to be considered before interpretation in these patient populations. We aim to address these issues by revealing several common misunderstandings and pitfalls in ABPI measurement, describing accurate methodology, and highlighting patient cohorts in whom additional or alternative approaches may be required.

Methods

We present a narrative review of the role of ABPI in both the community and hospital setting. We have performed a literature review, exploring the validity and reproducibility of methodology for obtaining ABPI, alongside the utility of ABPI in different clinical scenarios.

Results

The measurement of ABPI is often performed incorrectly. Common pitfalls include inadequate patient preparation, failure to obtain the blood pressure from the correct lower limb artery in patients with tibial disease, failure to account for differences in brachial blood pressure between the arms, inappropriately chosen equipment and patient factors such as highly calcified arteries. Standardisation of methodology greatly improves reliability of the test. Exercise ABPI can identify significant peripheral arterial disease in patients with normal resting ABPI. In addition to its role in peripheral arterial disease, ABPI measurement has a role in assessing venous ulcers, entrapment syndromes and injured extremities; conversely, it has a more limited utility in the diabetic population.

Conclusions

A thorough understanding of the correct technique and associated limitations of ABPI measurement is essential in accurately generating and interpreting the data it provides. With this knowledge, the ABPI is an invaluable tool to help manage patients with peripheral arterial disease. Perhaps more importantly, ABPI can be used to identify and risk stratify patients with asymptomatic peripheral arterial disease, itself a major indicator of significant underlying cardiovascular disease. With the emergence of best medical therapy, targeted pharmacotherapy and lifestyle changes can reduce the risk of major cardiovascular events in high-risk patients by approximately 30%, particularly in diabetic patients. Therefore, the utility of ABPI transgresses vascular surgery, with an essential role in general practice and public health.
Bisphosphonates and cardiovascular risk in elderly patients with previous cardiovascular disease: a population-based nested case-control study in Italy
Authors: Kirchmayer Ursula , Sorge Chiara , Sultana Janet , Lapi Francesco , Onder Graziano , Agabiti Nera , Cascini Silvia , Roberto Giuseppe , Corrao Giovanni , Vitale Cristiana , Lucenteforte Ersilia , Mugelli Alessandro , Davoli Marina , Bartolini C. , Bernabei R. , Bettiol A , Bonassi S. , Caputi A.P. , Chinellato A. , Fini M. , Gini R. , Giorgianni F. , Lombardi N. , Rea F. , Tari M. , Trifirò G. , Vannacci A. , Vetrano D.L.
Published: April 2019

Background:

In a globally aging population, chronic conditions with a high impact on healthcare costs and quality of life, such as osteoporosis and associated fractures, are a matter of concern. For osteoporosis, several drug treatments are available, but evidence on adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular (CCV) events, and in particular the risk of atrial fibrillation (AF), related to anti-osteoporotic drug use is inconclusive. The objective of this study was to evaluate the association between the use of bisphosphonates (BPs), strontium ranelate (SR), and other anti-osteoporosis drugs and the risk of AF and CCV events in a large cohort of patients affected by CCV diseases.

Methods:

Based on a cohort of patients aged 65 years and over, discharged from the hospitals of five large Italian areas after a CCV event between 2008 and 2011, two nested case-control studies were conducted. Cases were patients with a subsequent hospital admission for AF or CCV; four controls for each case were randomly selected and matched by age group, sex and follow-up time. A total of three exposure measures were tested: ever use, adherence and recency of use. In the conditional logistic regression models, patients not treated with any anti-osteoporotic medication were considered as the reference category.

Results:

The initial cohort accounted for 657,246 patients. Neither BPs nor SR use was associated with an increased risk of AF regardless of the adherence and recency of use. Overall BP and SR use was associated with a slightly increased risk of CCV; however, results reversed when considering higher adherence: odds ratio (OR) 0.81, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.71–0.92 for BPs and OR 0.71, 95% CI 0.52–0.97 for SR.

Conclusions:

BPs do not increase cardiovascular risk and can be prescribed to elderly patients for osteoporosis treatment. However, patients with pre-existing cerebrovascular/cardiovascular conditions should be carefully monitored.
Jeremy Corbyn and the war machine: Assemblage and affect in the 2015 UK Labour Party Leadership Contest
Authors: Page Sam
Published: April 2019

In September 2015, the once obscure left-wing MP for Islington North, Jeremy Corbyn, became the UK Labour Party’s leader following the party’s defeat at the 8 May 2015 General Election. Corbyn came from the position of outsider, going from barely getting a place on the leadership ballot in the first place, to winning an outright majority. In this paper, I argue that Corbyn’s campaign reveals how elections and electoral campaigns are affective events, and highlights an issue with much existing electoral geography literature: elections are seldom written about as social, affective experiences. Through interviews and an ethnographic approach to Facebook, I examine the experiences within the party and on social media during the Labour leadership campaign. I argue that we might understand his campaign’s success better through the Deleuzo-Guattarian concept of the war machine. I conclude by considering the implications and questions that this theory provides for the future of his leadership, as well as the political geography of the state.
De Cracovia (1985) a Cracovia (2016). Ojeada retrospectiva sobre los simposios hispánicos en Polonia
Authors: Sawicki Piotr
Published: April 2019

El artículo narra la trayectoria de los estudios hispánicos en la Universidad Jaguelónica de Cracovia desde su nacimento en la mitad de los años 70 del siglo XX hasta hoy, presentando sus más importantes protagonistas, sus retos y sus alcances científicos, así como los más importantes simposios hispánicos en Polonia.
La expedición de Francisco de Orellana y la exploración del río de Amazonas hasta su desembocadura en el Atlántico
Authors: Achmatowicz Jerzy
Published: April 2019

Nuestra aportación aborda una problemática prácticamente ausente en la bibliografía polaca. Se trata de la expedición dirigida por Francisco de Orellana, quien, tras ocho meses de una arriesgada navegación y superación de innumerables obstáculos, logró llegar, recorriendo un río completamente desconocido, al Atlántico. Nuestra publicación se dedica por completo al problema de la verosimilitud de la principal fuente correspondiente al estudio de la exploración de Orellana, es decir el relato del testigo ocular, el dominico Gaspar de Carvajal. La verificación de esta fuente la basamos en un concienzudo estudio de los puntos geográficos de referencia que encontramos en esta narración, mostrando que el manuscrito de Carvajal se puede considerar como una fuente digna de confianza. Lectura de algunos estudios adicionales completa el verdadero perfil de aquel episodio de la historia del Nuevo Mundo.
Prensa española y universo soviético. Aproximación a la URSS desde ABC durante el franquismo: el caso de Vilnius
Authors: Calzón García José Antonio
Published: April 2019

El artículo intenta ofrecer un primer intento de aproximación a la perspectiva que sobre la actual capital lituana, Vilnius, se ofreció durante el franquismo, a través de uno de los medios de comunicación más representativos de la época: el periódico ABC. Comenzando en 1939 y terminando con la muerte de Franco, en 1975, el artículo mostrará una panorámica acerca de la representación en ABC de Vilnius. De este modo, el objetivo es incidir no solo en los principales temas representados, sino también en el enfoque desde el cual adquirieron relevancia informativa.
España en la revista literaria francesa "Cahiers du Sud" entre 1924-1936
Authors: Le Vagueresse Emmanuel
Published: April 2019

Spain in the French Literary Review Cahiers du Sud between 1924-1936La revista francesa Cahiers du Sud, afincada en la gran ciudad sureña y portuaria de Marsella, en una epopeya editorial empezada en 1924 por el valiente director de la revista Jean Ballard, dedicó buena parte de sus páginas a la literatura —y a la cultura— española en una época, los años 20 y 30, en que la abundancia de las literaturas europeas, especialmente en el Norte, dejaba poco espacio a este Sur que siempre tuvo que luchar más que otras áreas geográficas para que el público y los críticos se interesaran por él o simplemente tuvieran acceso a sus producciones culturales y artísticas. Estudiamos en nuestro artículo cómo funcionó el cosmopolitismo de una revista francesa y mediterránea respecto a la producción literaria de otro país mediterráneo como España, antes de que la Guerra Civil de 1936 viera el fin de muchos proyectos artísticos innovadores del otro lado del Pirineo.
La vida cotidiana a bordo de un barco de vapor
Authors: Obtułowicz Barbara
Published: April 2019

La construcción en 1807 por Robert Fulton del primer barco de pasajeros y más tarde de un barco de vapor, influyó en acortar significativamente el tiempo de los viajes. Sin embargo, estos siguieron siendo largos, sobre todo en los trayectos transatlánticos. ¿Cuáles eran, entonces, las actividades de los viajeros, nuestros antepasados, a lo largo de las semanas de los cruceros? ¿A qué se dedicaban los pasajeros mientras recorrían el océano? Dar respuesta a estas y otras preguntas es posible gracias a los diarios y memorias, también la cartas, redactadas a bordo de los barcos de vapor. Ni el idioma de las anotaciones ni el trayecto del crucero influían en la vida cotidiana de los pasajeros. Dado el contexto hispanista de nuestro simposio, nos centraremos en las fuentes vinculadas con las personas relacionadas con el ámbito hispanohablante.
Miguel de Unamuno y "Vida de Don Quijote y Sancho": lector real y refundición de la obra cervantina
Authors: Bender Elżbieta
Published: April 2019

En este artículo, enmarcado en la teoría de la recepción, se subraya la importancia del lector en la actualización de una obra literaria. A través del análisis del libro de Miguel de Unamuno Vida de Don Quijote y Sancho se evidencia cómo las experiencias personales del lector influyen en la interpretación de una obra literaria, llegando a dotarla de nuevos significados. En Vida de Don Quijote y Sancho Miguel de Unamuno crea su personal e intimísima versión de la novela de Cervantes. La lectura del Quijote le lleva a ahondar en los temas clave de su quehacer literario y filosófico: inmortalidad, religión, amor, justicia.
O "Sarcófago" de Francisco R. Remiseiro: arte medieval, estereotipos femininos e a boneca Barbie
Authors: Boguszewicz Maria
Published: April 2019

Francisco R. Remiseiro é un artista nado en Galicia que bebe da tradición escultórica deste territorio. Esta tradición baséase principalmente na arte medieval galega e na aportación nacionalista do escultor Francisco Asorey. Porén, Remiseiro entra en diálogo coas correntes máis actuais na arte contestatoria e democrática. A boneca Barbie sírvelle de pretexto para entablar un debate en clave identitaria e feminista.
Ernesto Cardenal y Francisco. La iglesia como objeto de análisis poético-teológico
Authors: Drozdowicz Maksymilian
Published: April 2019

El Papa Francisco y el poeta nicaragüense Ernesto Cardenal coinciden en muchos aspectos al interpretar la teología de la comunidad. Cardenal, un representante de la Teología de la Liberación, y el Papa Francisco, que va al encuentro de dicha teología, son dos personajes característicos del pensamiento latinoamericano. En Ernesto Cardenal, autor de Cántico cósmico y el Papa actual, autor de encíclicas que tocan el tema de la Iglesia como comunidad, se pueden encontrar puntos en común. En el presente estudio se va a proseguir con la característica del cántico y de la encíclica como dos géneros y herramientas para describir la realidad eclesial, para profundizar en la visión de la Iglesia como comunidad de los pobres y necesitados. La de Francisco y Cardenal, son posturas similares pero la ortodoxia del Pontífice exige algo más de lo que propone el poeta-sacerdote rebelde de Nicaragua.
Misticismo laico en los tiempos de la contracultura: Edward Stachura y Julio Cortázar
Authors: Pluta Nina
Published: April 2019

Al cotejar la narrativa de dos autores que afianzaron su renombre en los años 60 del siglo XX, el argentino Julio Cortázar y el polaco Edward Stachura, resulta significativo que los protagonistas ficticios de ambos comparten el anhelo de alcanzar un ámbito de una vida más auténtica que el que ofrecían las sociedades burguesas occidentales de la posguerra. Continuando, por un lado, las inspiraciones de las primeras vanguardias y sensibles, por otro lado, a los nuevos aires contestatarios – que desembocarían en las revoluciones contraculturales entre los años 60 y 70 del s. XX – los autores postulan una serie de espacios simbólicos y trascendentes (p. ej. el kibbutz del deseo en Rayuela de Cortázar), donde el hombre se vería libre de la sumisión impuesta por el capitalismo y la moral burguesa.
El concepto de la guerra justa en el "Dotzè" de Francesc Eiximenis
Authors: Sasor Rozalia
Published: April 2019

El artículo presenta el concepto de la guerra justa elaborado por Francesc Eiximenis (1327/32-1409), escritor y fraile franciscano, uno de los autores medievales más importantes en lengua catalana, expuesto en el duodécimo libro (el Dotzè) de la gran enciclopedia cristiana Lo Crestià, dedicado a las cuestiones político-sociales.
¿Es posible traducir lo no dicho? La traducción literaria y el modelo iceberg de la cultura
Authors: Gaszyńska-Magiera Małgorzata
Published: April 2019

El modelo iceberg de la cultura resulta útil para describir tres niveles de dificultades con las que se enfrenta el traductor a la hora de tropezar con las diferencias entre la cultura inicial y la cultura meta. Este modelo me sirve como punto de partida para la reflexión acerca de las posibles traducciones de los fragmentos de textos que reflejan el nivel de la cultura llamado semi-visible. Usaré como ejemplo una breve cita de la novela Rayuela de Julio Cortázar y su traducción al polaco realizada por Zofia Chądzyńska.
La reconstrucción de imágenes en la traducción poética: algunas reflexiones sobre las versiones españolas del poema "Żydom polskim" de Władysław Broniewski
Authors: Jackiewicz Aleksandra
Published: April 2019

El objetivo del artículo es indicar las dificultades de traducción con las que se enfrentan los traductores al reconstruir en los textos meta las imágenes presentes en el poema Żydom polskim de Władysław Broniewski. Se prestará una especial atención a la estrategia poética del autor que muestra unos profundos vínculos entre las circunstancias históricas y las experiencias personales y cuya finalidad es la poetización de la realidad observada. Nos proponemos realizar un estudio comparativo entre los versos de partida y sus dos versiones españolas que tiene como objetivo descubrir si la organización estilístico-formal de esta obra teñida de realismo histórico se ha conservado en los textos meta. La base del análisis la constituirá la concepción de la traducción como “experiencia de lo extranjero” (l’épreuve de l’étranger) y las tendencias deformantes del texto de partida que la imposibilitan, distinguidas por Antoine Berman.
La traducción de textos dramáticos del español al polaco
Authors: Wendorff Anna
Published: April 2019

El artículo aborda el tema de la traducción teatral a base del ejemplo de la pieza Notas que saben a olvido (2015) de Araceli Mariel Arreche. Al lado de las dificultades traductológicas propias del teatro, en el texto se analizará asimismo la traducción de los elementos semánticos y gramaticales, así como también las referencias culturales e históricas que en ella se manifiestan. El objeto central en consecuencia es comprender de qué manera los límites de un género, (la dramaturgia), exigen al traductor adaptarse a los modos de expresión y a las propias exigencias del teatro. Debido a la duplicidad que posee todo texto teatral, el de haber sido escrito para la escenificación, pero que también puede ser publicado para su lectura, la traducción de teatro siempre exige la transformación de esta materialidad, tanto en la traducción misma como en los procedimientos operativos que periódicamente usa el traductor.
A review of Salmonella enterica with particular focus on the pathogenicity and virulence factors, host specificity and antimicrobial resistance including multidrug resistance
Authors: Jajere Saleh Mohammed
Published: April 2019

Salmonella genus represents the most common foodborne pathogens frequently isolated from food-producing animals that is responsible for zoonotic infections in humans and animal species including birds. Thus, Salmonella infections represent a major concern to public health, animals, and food industry worldwide. Salmonella enterica represents the most pathogenic specie and includes >2600 serovars characterized thus far. Salmonella can be transmitted to humans along the farm-to-fork continuum, commonly through contaminated foods of animal origin, namely poultry and poultry-related products (eggs), pork, fish etc. Some Salmonella serovars are restricted to one specific host commonly referred to as "host-restricted" whereas others have broad host spectrum known as "host-adapted" serovars. For Salmonella to colonize its hosts through invading, attaching, and bypassing the host's intestinal defense mechanisms such as the gastric acid, many virulence markers and determinants have been demonstrated to play crucial role in its pathogenesis; and these factors included flagella, capsule, plasmids, adhesion systems, and type 3 secretion systems encoded on the Salmonella pathogenicity island (SPI)-1 and SPI- 2, and other SPIs. The epidemiologically important non-typhoidal Salmonella (NTS) serovars linked with a high burden of foodborne Salmonella outbreaks in humans worldwide included Typhimurium, Enteritidis, Heidelberg, and Newport. The increased number of NTS cases reported through surveillance in recent years from the United States, Europe and low- and middle-income countries of the world suggested that the control programs targeted at reducing the contamination of food animals along the food chain have largely not been successful. Furthermore, the emergence of several clones of Salmonella resistant to multiple antimicrobials worldwide underscores a significant food safety hazard. In this review, we discussed on the historical background, nomenclature and taxonomy, morphological features, physical and biochemical characteristics of NTS with a particular focus on the pathogenicity and virulence factors, host specificity, transmission, and antimicrobial resistance including multidrug resistance and its surveillance.
Novel Use for Maloney Dilators in the Management of Gastrostomy Stenosis
Authors: Jennings Joseph J. , Batisda-Coelho Roseangela , Lipman Timothy O.
Published: April 2019

Gastrostomy tube dislodgement is a common complication after gastrostomy tube placement. If the tube is not immediately replaced, the gastrostomy stomal tract may close in as little as 8 hours. Small case series have reported the salvage of partially closed or stenosed gastrostomy stomal tracts using different types of dilators, but the use of Maloney dilators for this indication has not been reported. Dilation of a stenosed tract can allow for immediate re-establishment of enteral access without the need for a repeat invasive procedure. We present 3 instances of gastrostomy stenosis successfully dilated with Maloney dilators using minimal topical anesthesia.
Enhancement of Impact Properties by Using Multiwall Carbon Nanotubes as Secondary Reinforcement in Glass/Epoxy Laminates
Authors: Rawat Prashant , Singh K. K. , Behera Rohit Pratyush
Published: April 2019

This study is focused on the drop weight low-velocity impact (LVI) response of glass woven polymer composite laminates reinforced with multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs). Symmetrical quasi-isotropic laminates with zero bending-extension coupling were fabricated. Six hundred-grams per square meter plain glass woven fabric was used as a primary reinforcing agent while MWCNTs were used as the secondary reinforcement. The exceptional mechanical properties of MWCNTs in the context of impact damage tolerance in fiber-reinforced polymer composite laminates were examined and the limitation of scattered data was overcome by doing a range analysis. MWCNT-doped glass fiber reinforced polymer (GFRP) laminates were fabricated in seven proportions (neat, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1, 1.5, and 2 weight percentage of resins) by using the hand layup technique, followed by the vacuum bagging method at 1 atm. By mixing MWCNTs as a secondary reinforcement, the maximum enhancement of 32.6 % in energy absorption, 10.26 % in peak load capacity (at 3.0 m/s impact velocity), and 32.44 % reduction in the visual damage area was attained (at 3.5 m/s indentation). Experiment results (for neat GFRP) were also validated by using three-dimensional finite element analysis software LS-DYNA.
Prediction of Crack Depth and Fatigue Life of an Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene Cantilever Beam Using Dynamic Response
Authors: Zai Behzad Ahmed , Khan Muhammad A. , Khan Sohaib Z. , Asif Muhammad , Khan Kamran A. , Saquib Ahmad N. , Mansoor Asif , Shahzad Majid , Mujtaba Ahmed
Published: April 2019

In this article, a methodology is proposed that can be used to predict the crack growth and fatigue life of a cantilever beam made of Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene (ABS) manufactured with fused deposition modeling. Three beam configurations based on length (L = 110, 130, and 150 mm) are considered. Empirical relationships are formulated between the natural frequency and the crack growth. The analytical and experimental results are found to be in good agreement for all configurations. Using the experimental data, a global relation is formulated for the crack depth prediction. This global relation is useful for an in situ crack depth prediction with an error of less than 10 %. Later, a residual fatigue life of these specimens is compared with a metallic structure (Aluminum 1050) of similar configuration available in the literature. It is found that the ABS material has more residual fatigue life compared with the metallic structure at the same frequency drop. Based on the remaining fatigue life, ABS material can be a potential material to manufacture machine components under cyclic loads.
Divergent Allele Advantage Provides a Quantitative Model for Maintaining Alleles with a Wide Range of Intrinsic Merits
Authors: Stefan Thorsten , Matthews Louise , Prada Joaquin M , Mair Colette , Reeve Richard , Stear Michael J
Published: April 2019

A striking feature of the antigen coding genes of the Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) is their genetic diversity. However, the exact mechanisms maintaining this diversity remain elusive. Modelling indicates that Divergent...

The Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) is the most genetically diverse region of the genome in most vertebrates. Some form of balancing selection is necessary to account for the extreme diversity, but the precise mechanism of balancing selection is unknown. Due to the way MHC molecules determine immune recognition, overdominance (also referred to as heterozygote advantage) has been suggested as the main driving force behind this unrivalled diversity. However, both theoretical results and simulation models have shown that overdominance in its classical form cannot maintain large numbers of alleles unless all alleles confer unrealistically similar levels of fitness. There is increasing evidence that heterozygotes containing genetically divergent alleles allow for broader antigen presentation to immune cells, providing a selective mechanism for MHC polymorphism. By framing competing models of overdominance within a general framework, we show that a model based on Divergent Allele Advantage (DAA) provides a superior mechanism for maintaining alleles with a wide range of intrinsic merits, as intrinsically less-fit MHC alleles that are more divergent can survive under DAA. Specifically, our results demonstrate that a quantitative mechanism built from the DAA hypothesis is able to maintain polymorphism in the MHC. Applying such a model to both livestock breeding and conservation could provide a better way of identifying superior heterozygotes, and quantifying the advantages of genetic diversity at the MHC.
Vacuum Birefringence in a Supercritical Magnetic Field
Authors: Diachenko M. , Novak O. , Kholodov R.
Published: April 2019

The birefringence effect in vacuum in strong magnetic fields has been considered. The polarization tensor in a constant external magnetic field is analyzed in the framework of quantum field theory and on the basis of the electron Green’s function calculated as the sum over the Landau levels. The case of the lowest Landau levels for photons with the energies below the electron-positron pair creation threshold is considered, and the corresponding refractive indices of the physical vacuum for anomalous and normal waves are determined.
Spherically Symmetric Configurations in General Relativity in the Presence of a Linear Massive Scalar Field: Separation of a Distribution of Test Body Circular Orbits
Authors: Stashko O. S. , Zhdanov V. I.
Published: April 2019

We study static spherically symmetric configurations in the presence of linear massive scalar fields within General Relativity. Static solutions of the Einstein equations are considered under conditions of asymptotic flatness. Each solution is fixed by the configuration mass and the field strength parameter, which are defined at spatial infinity. The metric coefficients and the scalar field for a specific configuration are obtained numerically. Then we study the time-like geodesics describing the test particle motion. The focus is on the distribution of stable circular orbits (SCOs) of the test particles around a configuration. We found that, for the continuum of configuration parameters, there exist two unlinked regions of SCOs that are separated by some annular region, where SCOs do not exist.
Study of Atomic Populations, Electromagnetically Induced Transparency, and Dispersive Signals in a λ-Type System Under Various Decoherence Effects
Authors: Hazra R. , Hossain Md.M.
Published: April 2019

We have theoretically studied the atomic populations, electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT), and dispersion in a three-level Λ-type system. The density matrix equations are set up with regard for the relaxation of populations of the ground states, and the optical Bloch equations are solved analytically in the weak probe field approximation. Decoherence effects in the ground and excited states on the EIT line shape and dispersive signals are studied, and it is found that the EIT line width increases and the peak height decreases, as the decoherence rates increase in the ground and excited states. On the other hand, we have observed that the dispersive signals are steeper and of high contrast for the lower decoherence rates in the ground and excited states. We have also analyzed the variations of atomic populations of the energy levels at the pump Rabi frequency, as well as the decoherence rate in the ground state.
Kinetic Theory of the Fracture of the Coal (Rock) Edge by the Gas-Filled Cracks. Instantaneous Loading-Out
Authors: Feldman E. P. , Kalugina N. A. , Melnik T. N.
Published: April 2019

The kinetic theory of the fracture of brittle materials is applied to the study of undercritical and critical growths of cracks in gas-filled rocks. In this type of the materials, the gas filtration from the environment to the cavity of a growing crack plays an important role. The proper account for this factor combined with the dynamics of the stressed state of the bed allows the estimation of the rate of growth of the main crack on the assumption of the Griffith criterion validity. It is found that, immediately after the instantaneous loading-out of the bed in the course of excavation, the cracks of certain size and orientation are exploded with the succeeding growth dependent on the gas entry into the cracks. The time of the filtration growth of the cracks has been estimated. The intervals of the control parameters (formational gas pressure, crack size, overburden pressure, surface energy of coal/rock, modulus of elasticity), where the spontaneous fracture of the bed becomes possible, have been found. The results open a way to the forecast of instantaneous outbursts of coal, rock, and gas.
On the Accuracy of Error Propagation Calculations by Analytic Formulas Obtained for the Inverse Transformation
Authors: Romanenko V. I. , Kornilovska N. V.
Published: April 2019

The accuracy of error propagation calculations is estimated for the transformation x → y = f(x) of the normally distributed random variable x. The estimation is based on the formulas for the error propagation obtained for the inverse transformation y → x of the normally distributed random variable y. In the general case, the calculation accuracy for the mean value and the variance of the random variable y is shown to be of the first order of magnitude in the variance of the random variable x.
Influence of Nonuniform Magnetic Field on the Helicon Discharge Excited by Various Antennas
Authors: Virko V. F. , Virko Yu. V.
Published: April 2019

The influence of a nonuniform magnetic field, which increases with the distance from an inductive antenna, on a helicon discharge has been studied. The discharge was excited in the azimuthally symmetric mode of helicon waves, m = 0, making use of antennas of two different types. It is shown that if the discharge is produced by a loop antenna, which supplies the RF energy through the side boundary of plasma and perpendicularly to the external magnetic field, then the ionization is concentrated at the discharge periphery. Under those conditions, the imposing of a nonuniform magnetic field reduces the loss of ionizing electrons at the wall and enhances the plasma generation. If the discharge is excited with a planar antenna along the magnetic field, then the main ionization occurs in the inner plasma region around the axis. In this case, an increase in the plasma density, if any, may be a result of the plasma contraction in the magnetic field with force lines convergent to the axis.