bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Use of Anatomical Landmarks in Ankle Arthroscopy to Determine Accuracy of Syndesmotic Reduction: A Cadaveric Study
Authors: Cassinelli Spenser J. , Harris Thomas G. , Giza Eric , Kreulen Christopher , Matheny Lauren M. , Robbins Colin M. , Clanton Thomas O.
Published: May 2019

Background. The aim of this study was to determine the accuracy of ankle arthroscopy as a means for diagnosing syndesmotic reduction or malreduction and to determine anatomical landmarks for diagnosis. Methods. Six matched-pair cadavers (n = 12) with through-knee amputations were studied. Component parts of the syndesmosis and distal 10 cm of the interosseous membrane (IOM) were sectioned in each. The 12 specimens were divided into 2 groups: 6 specimens in the in-situ group fixed with suture button technique and 6 specimens in the malreduced group rigidly held with a 3.5-mm screw. Specimens were randomized to undergo diagnostic arthroscopy by 3 fellowship-trained foot and ankle orthopaedic surgeons in a blinded fashion. Surgeons were asked to determine if the syndesmosis was reduced or malreduced and provide arthroscopic measurements of their findings. Results. Of 36 arthroscopic evaluations, 34 (94%) were correctly diagnosed. Arthroscopic measurement of 3.5 mm diastasis or greater at the anterior aspect of the distal tibiofibular syndesmosis correlated with a posteriorly malreduced fibula. Arthroscopic evaluation of the Anterior inferior tibiofibular ligament (AITFL), IOM, Posterior inferior tibiofibular ligament (PITFL), lateral fibular gutter, and the tibia/fibula relationship were found to be reliable landmarks in determining syndesmotic reduction. An intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) for interrater reliability of 1.00 was determined for each of these landmarks between 2 surgeons (P < .001). The ICCs between 2 surgeons’ measurements and the computed tomography measurements were found to be 0.896 (P value < .001). Conclusions. Ankle arthroscopy is a reliable method to assess syndesmotic relationship when reduced in situ or posteriorly malreduced 10 mm.

Levels of Evidence: Level V: Cadaveric
Bush Dogs in Central America: Recent Range Expansion, Cryptic Distribution, or Both?
Authors: Sáenz-Bolaños Carolina , Fuller Todd K. , Mooring Michael S. , Porras Junior , Sievert Paul R. , Montalvo Victor H. , Carrillo Eduardo J.
Published: May 2019

Bush dogs ( Speothos venaticus) are a small, wide-ranging neotropical pack-hunting canid whose ecology is relatively poorly known. Here, we document new, repeated observations of bush dog groups in east-central (Barbilla National Park) and south-eastern (La Amistad International Park) Costa Rica that suggest either that their recent or historic range has been underestimated, or that their potential range in Central America may have recently expanded and could now include not only borderlands with Panama but perhaps a substantial portion of the Talamanca Mountains up to 120 km to the north-northwest and at elevations up to 2,119 m. In light of their inherently low density, documenting the current and future distribution of bush dogs in Central America will be challenging.
Osteochondritis Dissecans of Smaller Joints: The Elbow
Authors: Bruns Juergen , Werner Mathias , Habermann Christian R.
Published: May 2019

This review presents the current understanding of the etiology, pathogenesis, and how to diagnose and treat osteochondritis dissecans (OCD) at the elbow joint followed by an analysis of particular characteristics and outcomes of the treatment. OCD is seen in patients with open growth plates (juvenile OCD [JOCD] and in adults [AOCD] with closed growth plates [adult OCD). The etiology at smaller joints remains as unclear as for the knee. Mechanical factors (throwing activities [capitulum] seem to play an important role. Clinical symptoms are unspecific. Thus, imaging techniques are most important for the diagnosis. In low-grade and stable lesions, treatment involves rest and different degrees of immobilization until healing. When surgery is necessary, the procedure depends on the OCD stage and on the state of the cartilage. With intact cartilage, retrograde procedures are favorable while with damaged cartilage, several techniques are used. Techniques such as drilling and microfracturing produce a reparative cartilage while other techniques reconstruct the defect with osteochondral grafts or cell-based procedures such as chondrocyte implantation. There is a tendency toward better results when reconstructive procedures for both the bone and cartilage are used. In addition, comorbidities at the joint have to be treated. Severe grades of osteoarthritis are rare.
Surgical Risk Assessment and Prevention in Elderly Spinal Deformity Patients
Authors: Thomas Kevin , Wong Ka Hin , Steelman Susan C. , Rodriguez Analiz
Published: May 2019

Introduction:

Prevalence of adult deformity surgery in the elderly individuals continues to increase. These patients have additional considerations for the spine surgeon during surgical planning. We perform an informative review of the spinal and geriatric literature to assess preoperative and intraoperative factors that impact surgical complication occurrences in this population.

Significance:

There is a need to understand surgical risk assessment and prevention in geriatric patients who undergo thoracolumbar adult deformity surgery in order to prevent complications.

Methods:

Searches of relevant biomedical databases were conducted by a medical librarian. Databases searched included MEDLINE, Web of Science, CINAHL, IPA, Cochrane, PQ Health and Medical, SocINDEX, and WHO’s Global Health Library. Search strategies utilized Medical Subject Headings plus text words for extensive coverage of scoliosis and surgical technique concepts.

Results:

Degenerative scoliosis affects 68% of the geriatric population, and the rate of surgical interventions for this pathology continues to increase. Complications following spinal deformity surgery in this patient population range from 37% to 62%. Factors that impact outcomes include age, comorbidities, blood loss, and bone quality. Using these data, we summarize multimodal risk prevention strategies that can be easily implemented by spine surgeons.

Conclusions:

After evaluation of the latest literature on the complications associated with adult deformity surgery in geriatric patients, comprehensive perioperative management is necessary for improved outcomes. Preoperative strategies include assessing physiological age via frailty score, nutritional status, bone quality, dementia/delirium risk, and social activity support. Intraoperative strategies include methods to reduce blood loss and procedural time. Postoperatively, development of a multidisciplinary team approach that encourages early ambulation, decreases opiate use, and ensures supportive discharge planning is imperative for better outcomes for this patient population.
Place Attachment, Image, and Support for Marijuana Tourism in Colorado
Authors: Kang Soo K.
Published: May 2019

Colorado became the first state in the United States that passed the legalization of recreational (retail) marijuana with Amendment 64 in 2012. With this unprecedented tourism environment, it is imperative to understand different perspectives of stakeholders involved. In particular, residents’ view is important in that their attitude and behaviors plan and manage the design of marketing activities and sustainable development of the tourist place. Therefore, the purpose of the study is to examine the local residents’ image, attachment, and support of marijuana tourism as a result of the legalization of recreational marijuana in Colorado. Results of the study concluded that the highly attached residents held a positive image of their place, which in turn influence their support of marijuana tourism. Implications for industry professionals and state policy makers are presented.
Capturing Expert Knowledge of Mushrooms
Authors: Megalakaki Olga , Crimet Audrey , Ballenghein Ugo , Gounden Yannick
Published: May 2019

We examined how mushroom experts organize and process their knowledge, compared with novices, and which types of arguments they use to process information. Mushroom experts and novices carried out an identification/memorization task, a free recall task, and a matching task. Results showed that experts performed better than novices on all three tasks. In the identification task, they named items at the subordinate level, whereas novices named them at the basic level. In the free recall task, experts recalled more items than novices, by grouping them into categories, while in the matching task, they used both similarity and dissimilarity criteria and provided conceptual and perceptual arguments. In conclusion, experts seem capable of carrying out two types of processing: relational processing, reflecting the ability to form categories at the basic level by considering the similarities of items belonging to the same category, and more analytical processing at the subordinate level, reflecting the ability to process difference in a context of similarity, indicating that experts are also able to use specific (distinctive) attributes, relying simultaneously on perceptual and conceptual information.
The Effect of Prior Commitment on Consumer Choice
Authors: Demoliner Sérgio Silva , Damacena Cláudio
Published: May 2019

Commitment to consistency (CC) theories have been widely studied in the field of social influence. However, studies on CC effect have examined only the decisions consumers make for themselves and have neglected the decisions made for others. Prior studies have indicated that the difference between decisions made for oneself and others can be explained by the psychological distance from construal level theory (CLT). Other studies have demonstrated the moderating effect of psychological distance (in the temporal dimension) on CC. The present study analyzed the effect of CC on consumers’ decisions made for themselves and for others and assessed whether the social dimension of psychological distance moderates CC. For this purpose, a study with a 2 (prior commitment: yes vs. no)  × 2 (type of decision: for himself/herself vs. for others) experimental design evaluated 180 participants (between-subjects) living in the United States. The members of the experimental group were manipulated toward a commitment to healthy food products, and the participants’ choices for healthy versus unhealthy food products were analyzed. The results indicated that CC effect occurred not only on choices made for oneself but also when choices were made for others. However, the results did not confirm that the social dimension of psychological distance moderated CC. The results and implications of the use of CC as a strategy to influence consumers’ choice to eat healthy foods are discussed.
Leveraging Peer Teaching for Global Health Elective Preparation: Implementation of a Resident-Led Global Health Simulation Curriculum
Authors: Pirrocco Fiona , Goodman Ian , Pitt Michael B.
Published: May 2019

Introduction. As more trainees engage in global health electives, the call for best practices in predeparture preparation grows. However, many residency programs may not have the infrastructure or staffing in place to consistently meet these expectations. Objective. To assess the feasibility, benefits, and limitations of having residents trained to facilitate and implement a global health preparatory simulation curriculum. Approach. In 2016, we had 5 residents undergo online Simulation Use for Global Away Rotations (SUGAR) facilitator training. Since then, we have conducted 3 simulation sessions from 2016 to 2018. Feedback was obtained from 75% of our participants, which was found to be similar to feedback obtained from attending-led models. Lessons Learned. A resident-led global health preparatory curriculum provides a sustainable model for residency programs without placing additional burden on attending faculty.
Stop-and-Go: Dynamics of Nucleolar Transcription During the Cell Cycle
Authors: Iyer-Bierhoff Aishwarya , Grummt Ingrid
Published: May 2019

Entry into mitosis correlates with nucleolar disassembly and shutdown of ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene (rDNA) transcription. In telophase, nucleoli reform and transcription is reactivated. The molecular mechanisms underlying the dynamics of nucleolar transcription during the cell cycle are manifold. Although mitotic inactivation of the RNA polymerase I (Pol I) transcription machinery by posttranslational modifications has been extensively studied, little is known about the structure of rDNA chromatin during progression through mitosis. Methylation of histone H2A at glutamine 104 (H2AQ104me), a dedicated nucleolar histone modification, is lost in prometaphase, leading to chromatin compaction, which enforces mitotic repression of rRNA genes. At telophase, restoration of H2AQ104me is required for the activation of transcription. H2AQ104 methylation and chromatin dynamics are regulated by fibrillarin (FBL) and the NAD+-dependent nucleolar deacetylase sirtuin 7 (SIRT7). Deacetylation of FBL is required for the methylation of H2AQ104 and high levels of rDNA transcription during interphase. At the entry into mitosis, nucleoli disassemble and FBL is hyperacetylated, leading to loss of H2AQ104me, chromatin compaction, and shutdown of Pol I transcription. These results reveal that reversible acetylation of FBL regulates methylation of nucleolar H2AQ104, thereby reinforcing oscillation of Pol I transcription during the cell cycle.
Association between plasma lipid levels during acute coronary syndrome and long-term malignancy risk. The ABC-4* study on heart disease
Authors: Berton Giuseppe , Cordiano Rocco , Cavuto Fiorella , Bagato Francesco , Mahmoud Heba Talat , Pasquinucci Mattia
Published: May 2019

Background

Emerging evidence suggests that patients with coronary artery disease carry an increased risk of developing malignancy, with deleterious effects on long-term prognosis. Our aim was to ascertain whether baseline plasma lipid levels during acute coronary syndrome (ACS) are associated with malignancy in long-term.

Methods

This study included 589 patients admitted with ACS to three centers and discharged alive. Plasma lipid levels were assessed on the first morning after admission. Patients were followed for 17 years or until death.

Results

Five hundred seventy-one patients were free from malignancy at enrollment, of them 99 (17.3%) developed the disease during follow-up and 75 (13.1%) died due to it. Compared to patients without malignancy, those with malignancy showed lower plasma levels of total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and triglycerides (TG). The groups showed similar statin use rates at any time in follow-up. The incidence rate of neoplasia and neoplastic mortality was higher in patients with baseline TC or LDL values ≤ median; they showed 85 and 72% increased incidence rate of developing malignancy and 133 and 122% increased incidence rate of neoplastic death respectively. No differences were observed relative to HDL and TG levels. In survival analysis using Cox regression with parsimonious models, patients with baseline TC or LDL values > median, respectively, showed risks of 0.6(95% CI 0.4–0.9; p = 0.01) and 0.6(95%CI 0.4–0.9; p = 0.02) for malignancy onset, and 0.5(95% CI 0.3–0.8; p = 0.005) and 0.5(95% CI 0.3–0.8; p = 0.004) for neoplastic death. Similar results were obtained using competitive risk analysis with parsimonious models.

Conclusions

This long-term prospective study of an unselected real-world patient sample showed that neoplasia onset and mortality are independently associated with low plasma TC and LDL levels at admission for ACS.
Anorexia nervosa: 30-year outcome
Authors: Dobrescu Sandra Rydberg , Dinkler Lisa , Gillberg Carina , Råstam Maria , Gillberg Christopher , Wentz Elisabet
Published: May 2019

Background

Little is known about the long-term outcome of anorexia nervosa.

Aims

To study the 30-year outcome of adolescent-onset anorexia nervosa.

Method

All 4291 individuals born in 1970 and attending eighth grade in 1985 in Gothenburg, Sweden were screened for anorexia nervosa. A total of 24 individuals (age cohort for anorexia nervosa) were pooled with 27 individuals with anorexia nervosa (identified through community screening) who were born in 1969 and 1971–1974. The 51 individuals with anorexia nervosa and 51 school- and gender-matched controls were followed prospectively and examined at mean ages of 16, 21, 24, 32 and 44. Psychiatric disorders, health-related quality of life and general outcome were assessed.

Results

At the 30-year follow-up 96% of participants agreed to participate. There was no mortality. Of the participants, 19% had an eating disorder diagnosis (6% anorexia nervosa, 2% binge-eating disorder, 11% other specified feeding or eating disorder); 38% had other psychiatric diagnoses; and 64% had full eating disorder symptom recovery, i.e. free of all eating disorder criteria for 6 consecutive months. During the elapsed 30 years, participants had an eating disorder for 10 years, on average, and 23% did not receive psychiatric treatment. Good outcome was predicted by later age at onset among individuals with adolescent-onset anorexia nervosa and premorbid perfectionism.

Conclusions

This long-term follow-up study reflects the course of adolescent-onset anorexia nervosa and has shown a favourable outcome regarding mortality and full symptom recovery. However, one in five had a chronic eating disorder.
The Discovery of the Asylum: David J. Rothman
Authors: Birley J. L. T.
Published: May 2019

Professor Rothman's book made a profound impression on me when I first read it. More to the point, perhaps, was the impression it made on his peers. The American Historical Association awarded it the Albert J. Beveridge prize for the best English language book published in American History. It is a beautifully written account of an exciting and ultimately tragic episode in American history: the attempt to use the institution as a means of reforming bad habits and curing mental illness.
Management and Effects of In-Store Promotional Displays
Authors: Çetin Oğuz , Mersereau Adam J. , Parlaktürk Ali K.
Published: May 2019

Problem definition: We examine a brick-and-mortar retailer’s choice of which product to include in a promotional display (e.g., an “endcap” display). The display provides a visibility advantage to both the featured product and its category, but it also has consequences for customer traffic and substitution. Academic/practical relevance: Although there has been considerable academic interest in the assortment planning problem (which products to offer?) and in the shelf-space allocation problem (how much space to devote to each product?), little attention has been paid to the problem of where to place products in the store. Promotional display choice can serve as a powerful demand-shaping lever for retailers. A good understanding of this problem can also facilitate a retailer’s negotiations with manufacturers. Methodology: We develop analytical insights using a problem formulation based on a nested multinomial logit model of customer choice. Results: When choosing a promotional product from a fixed category, the only possible optimal choices for promotional display lie along an “efficient set” drawn in terms of product popularities and margins. The optimal choice along the frontier depends on a quantity we call “aisle attractiveness” that depends on several category-level parameters. The value of the display to a category pivots on whether the display’s role is primarily to expand demand for the category or to shape substitution within the category. Managerial implications: Our work provides guidance for how retailers can use and value promotional displays effectively. We highlight the importance of considering externalities of a display decision on store traffic and demand for other products.
UMA ANÁLISE DISCURSIVA DE MEMES DO ENEM 2015
Authors: Surdi Marcia Ione , Da Silva Andressa Cristina Oliveira
Published: May 2019

A era da internet trouxe à tona uma série de materialidades discursivas diferentes, dentre elas, os memes. Quando algum assunto ou imagem viraliza, as redes sociais tomam para si esse conteúdo e o “reinventam” com o objetivo de manter o humor fresco. Nesse viés, este estudo apresentou como objetivo geral analisar a produção de sentido dos discursos mêmicos que circulam nas redes sociais, e, específicos, analisar a ocorrência da noção de intertexto na materialidade digital meme; compreender as condições de produção dessas discursividades; e analisar a produção de sentido produzida pelos “memes”. Para tanto, este estudo foi desenvolvido de acordo com a perspectiva teórico-metodológica da Análise de Discurso, de linha francesa. Para o desenvolvimento de nossa reflexão, constituímos um corpus com memes referentes ao Enem 2015 e desse corpus selecionamos discursividades que foram analisadas pontualmente. Compreendemos que os memes são materialidades digitais, compostos por imagens e textos, tendo relação com algo cotidiano, possuem em seu sentido a intertextualidade de um discurso que já foi proferido em outro momento e que está ligado ao presente, bem como possuem o efeito de ironia como característica marcante.
Memes na internet: entrelaçamentos entre a “zoeira” de estudantes e a apropriação do gênero discurso na escola
Authors: Calixto Douglas De Oliveira
Published: May 2019

Este trabalho visa ao reconhecimento dos memes na internet como uma linguagem articuladora dos sentidos no interior da escola. Para além de mera brincadeira ou montagens que circulam nas redes sociais, iremos demonstrar como os memes representam uma nova forma de se relacionar com a comunicação e com a (ciber)cultura. A partir dos resultados da pesquisa de mestrado realizada com estudantes do ensino fundamental, pretende-se discutir (1) como o fenômeno da "zoeira" passou a ocupar o cotidiano de jovens e (2) como as dinâmicas das redes sociais estão inseridas em um contexto de transformação da sociedade contemporânea. Para tal empreendimento, iremos apresentar a nossa elaboração teórica e metodológica que permitiu a aproximação com o conceito de “gênero discursivo meme” e, consequentemente, o nosso estudo sobre como esssa linguagem opera nas relações entre Comunicação e Educação — a Educomunicação. A conclusão aponta para a alta relevância dos memes para a constituição das sociabilidades de alunos e alunas e apresenta direções para construir uma nova compreensão sobre o fenômeno.
AS AVENTURAS DE PAULO FREIRE CONTRA O MEME EGOÍSTA: A LUTA DE CLASSES NAS REDES SOCIAIS
Authors: Berino Aristóteles De Paula , Cardoso Marcélia Amorin , Souza Vanessa Rodrigues de , Herdade Lívia
Published: May 2019

No artigo discutimos como Paulo Freire e o seu legado são expressos através dos memes publicados em redes sociais na internet. Destacamos o sentido político dos memes que são ofensivos a Paulo Freire, descaracterizando sua obra além de insultar a sua pessoa. Trata-se de um ataque à sua concepção de educação popular que sobretudo visam atingir. Constituem ataques à educação da maioria popular que frequenta a escola pública se examinarmos, através do conceito de lutas de classes, a campanha de personalidades, grupos e movimentos de extrema direita contra a influência de Paulo Freire. Os exemplares de memes que utilizamos na nossa pesquisa foram extraídos das redes sociais Facebook e Twitter. Richard Dawkins e sua formulação original sobre os memes foram referências para o artigo.
Renal Inflammation and Fibrosis: A Double-edged Sword
Authors: Black Laurence M. , Lever Jeremie M. , Agarwal Anupam
Published: May 2019

Renal tissue injury initiates inflammatory and fibrotic processes that occur to promote regeneration and repair. After renal injury, damaged tissue releases cytokines and chemokines, which stimulate activation and infiltration of inflammatory cells to the kidney. Normal tissue repair processes occur simultaneously with activation of myofibroblasts, collagen deposition, and wound healing responses; however, prolonged activation of pro-inflammatory and pro-fibrotic cell types causes excess extracellular matrix deposition. This review focuses on the physiological and pathophysiological roles of specialized cell types, cytokines/chemokines, and growth factors, and their implications in recovery or exacerbation of acute kidney injury.
Explorations in the noosphere: Hermeneutic presence and hostility in cyberspace
Authors: Petricini Tiffany
Published: May 2019

This article works to uncover the nature of the currents of hostility that flow through various mediums in cyberspace. Drawing predominantly Ong’s work on contest and Ihde’s phenomenology of technics, the article explores how screens extend thought space and, at the same time, extend and simultaneously filter the presence of others. An additional encounter of presence, a hermeneutic presence, is a feature of our digital age and relies on our own limitations – cognitive, interpretive and communicative. These limitations lead to a concealment, a loss of hermeneutic cues, natural to presence, which can cause reversion to agonistic practices from orality.
Isolation and molecular characterization of Mycoplasma spp. in sheep and goats in Egypt
Authors: Abdel Halium Mounier M. , Salib Fayez A. , Marouf S. A. , Abdel Massieh Emil S.
Published: May 2019

Background and Aim: Different species of Mycoplasma are associated with many pathological problems in small ruminants including respiratory manifestation, this problem results in significant losses, especially in African countries. This study aimed to (I) study some epidemiological aspects of Mycoplasma species infections in Egyptian sheep and goats at Giza Governorate, (II) diagnosis of Mycoplasma species affections using bacterial isolation and identification, (III) apply the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for typing of different Mycoplasma species, and (IV) illustrate the phylogenetic tree for the isolated Mycoplasma species and other species from GenBank using the purified PCR product. Materials and Methods: A total of 335 samples were collected from sheep and goats from Giza Governorate in Egypt as 142 nasal swabs from clinically affected animals, 167 pneumonic lungs, 18 samples from tracheal bifurcation, and 8 samples by bronchial wash were cultured on pleuropneumonia-like organisms (PPLOs) media for cultivation of Mycoplasma species. PCR and sequencing and phylogenetic analysis were adopted to identify and classify the isolated Mycoplasma species. Results: A total of 24 Mycoplasma isolates were isolated on PPLO media, identified by biochemical tests, and confirmed and typed by PCR using specific primers. 10 isolates were confirmed as Mycoplasma arginini, four isolates as Mycoplasma ovipneumoniae by PCR, and 10 isolates as undifferentiated Mycoplasma species. A purified isolate of M. arginini and M. ovipneumoniae was sequenced and phylogenetic analysis was illustrated. Conclusion: M. arginini and M. ovipneumoniae are prevalent in Egyptian sheep and goats. Further studies on M. arginini are required due to its high frequency of isolation from pneumonic sheep and goats and also from animals suffer from different respiratory manifestations.
Detection and characterization of clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat-associated endoribonuclease gene variants in Vibrio parahaemolyticus isolated from seafoods and environment
Authors: Baliga Pallavi , Shekar Malathi , Venugopal Moleyur Nagarajappa
Published: May 2019

Aim: In Vibrio parahaemolyticus, the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR)-associated cas6 endoribonuclease gene has been shown to exhibit sequence diversity and has been subtyped into four major types based on its length and composition. In this study, we aimed to detect and characterize the cas6 gene variants prevalent among V. parahaemolyticus strains isolated from seafoods and environment.

Materials and Methods: Novel primers were designed for each of the cas6 subtypes to validate their identification in V. parahaemolyticus by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). In total, 38 V. parahaemolyticus strains isolated from seafoods and environment were screened for the presence of cas6 gene. Few representative PCR products were sequenced, and their phylogenetic relationship was established to available cas6 gene sequences in GenBank database.

Results: Of the 38 V. parahaemolyticus isolates screened, only about 40% of strains harbored the cas6 endoribonuclease gene, among which 31.6% and 7.9% of the isolates were positive for the presence of the cas6-a and cas6-d subtypes of the gene, respectively. The subtypes cas6-b and cas6-c were absent in strains studied. Sequence and phylogenetic analysis also established the cas6 sequences in this study to match GenBank sequences for cas6-a and cas6-d subtypes.

Conclusion: In V. parahaemolyticus, the Cas6 endoribonuclease is an associated protein of the CRISPR-cas system. CRISPR-positive strains exhibited genotypic variation for this gene. Primers designed in this study would aid in identifying the cas6 genotype and understanding the role of these genotypes in the CRISPR-cas immune system of the pathogen.
A Multilevel Hazards Model for Child Mortality In Nigeria
Authors: A.U Chukwu , S.O Oyamakin , V.E James-Daniel
Published: May 2019

Many researchers have devoted considerable attention to the impact of individual-level factors on child mortality, but little is known about how family and community characteristics affect health of children. Trend in child mortality as well as its determinants, has long been the subject of academic and policy debates. In spite of this, the problem of child mortality remains as daunting as ever. In fact, advancement in medical sciences and the upsurge in information and telecommunication technology equipment have not significantly reduced child mortality in the country, unlike in the West. The Multilevel proportional hazards model for data that are hierarchically clustered at three levels was applied to the study of covariates of child mortality in Nigeria. This study merges two parallel developments of statistical tools for data analysis: statistical methods known as hazard models that are used for analyzing event-duration data and statistical methods for analyzing hierarchically clustered data known as multilevel models. These developments have rarely been integrated in research practice and the formalization and estimation of models for hierarchically clustered survival data remain largely uncharted. The model was estimated using the Newton-Raphsons numerical search approach. The model accounts for hierarchical clustering with three random effects or frailty effects. We assume that the random effects are independent and follow the Exponential and Weibull distribution. The results indicate that bio-demographic factors are more important in infancy while socioeconomic factors and household and environmental conditions have a greater effect in childhood. Furthermore, there is significant variation in child mortality risks even after controlling for measured determinants of mortality. Also, factors that fall under family and community level are more significant indicating that child survival is most controlled or determined by family and community factors and variables at the child level is not weighty. This suggests that there may exits unobserved or unobservable factors related to mortality.
Reflexões acerca da estrutura curricular para a educação infantil
Authors: Cunha Myrtes Dias da , Silva Cecilia Rezende
Published: May 2019

Este artigo buscar refletir sobre a função da escola, em especial, da Educação Infantil. Como seus currículos podem favorecer ou dificultar uma formação integral enquanto cidadãos críticos e ativos numa sociedade cada vez mais consumista. Sabemos que o currículo possui um caráter político e histórico, indo muito além de um simples processo de transmissão de conteúdo. Assim, refletimos sobre o papel docente enquanto agente de reprodução ou emancipação. A partir de uma breve análise da Base Nacional Curricular Comum e outros documentos legais questionamos como as culturas podem ser valorizadas e trabalhadas no contexto escolar, de que forma pode-se favorecer a construção das identidades. Uma reflexão importante deve ser feita em relação ao direito de ser criança, em contrapartida ao processo de escolarização precoce.

PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Currículo; Infância; Escolarização precoce; Emancipação.
Presença negra no material didático de História adotado pelo Estado de São Paulo: 2014-2017
Authors: Silva Neide Cristina da
Published: May 2019

A presente pesquisa tem como objeto a análise dos efeitos da aplicação da Lei n.º 10.639/03 nos livros didáticos de História para o Ensino Médio. Pretendeu-se verificar se os componentes históricos das matrizes curriculares carregados de denotações ou de conotações racistas foram reformulados, alterados ou até mesmo banidos após a implantação da referida lei. O problema central é que, apesar da mudança nos conteúdos curriculares, a História do Brasil continua a ser narrada com a imposição da visão de mundo da classe dominante. Para a realização desta pesquisa foram trabalhadas, como categorias principais, conscientização/alienação e colonialidade/racialidade tendo como aportes teóricos Paulo Freire e Aníbal Quijano. A análise demonstrou que apesar dos avanços no ensino de história e cultura afro-brasileira, a partir da promulgação da Lei n.º 10.639/03, a racialidade do saber, presente na historiografia didática, não permite superar a perspectiva temporal da história que situa o negro como inferior.

PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Material didático. História. Racionalidade. Povo negro. Lei n.º 10.639/03.
Inquietações sobre gênero e sexualidade em espaços formativos: o caso do Pibid de Ciências
Authors: Souza Marcos Lopes de , Ferrari Anderson
Published: May 2019

Neste artigo enfocamos os incômodos sobre gênero e sexualidade apresentados por participantes de um subprojeto do Pibid de Ciências dos anos iniciais do ensino fundamental de uma universidade federal mineira. O grupo era composto por professoras dos anos iniciais do ensino fundamental, licenciandas/os dos cursos de pedagogia, biologia, química e física e uma docente universitária da área de ensino de ciências. As inquietações trazidas pelo grupo nos encaminharam para perceber os investimentos feitos para o controle da sexualidade das crianças e o quanto a escola ainda tem se silenciado diante dos debates sobre sexualidade e quando opta por trazê-la, nas aulas de ciências, o enfoque ainda tem sido o da reprodução.

PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Formação docente. Ciências naturais. Ensino fundamental. Gênero. Sexualidade.
Orientação Sexual e Homofobia na Série Televisiva Glee
Authors: Carvalho Micaela Leite Santos Montezuma de , Teixeira Filomena
Published: May 2019

O projeto que se apresenta pretendeu contribuir para a construção de conhecimentos que apelassem a uma melhor compreensão da violência e da discriminação homofóbicas e perceber as perspectivas dos/as alunos/as relativamente às mensagens discriminatórias e estereotipadas veiculadas pela série televisiva Glee. A intervenção, realizada no âmbito do Mestrado em Educação para a Saúde, envolveu uma turma de 9º ano de escolaridade, constituída por 19 alunos/as. A opção pela metodologia de projeto permitiu-nos sensibilizar os/as estudantes para a necessidade do reconhecimento das diferentes orientações sexuais, tendo ainda possibilitado, a reflexão acerca das manifestações de violência, preconceito e discriminação de que são alvo as pessoas que assumem identidades não heterossexuais.

PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Violência. Discriminação homofóbica. Série televisiva. Educação.
The Syriac Commentary of Dadisho‘ Qatraya on the Paradise of the Fathers. Towards a Critical Edition
Authors: Phillips David
Published: May 2019

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Les données archéologiques sur Juda à la période néo-babylonienne (586-538 av. J.C.). Un état de la question
Authors: Gangloff Frédéric
Published: May 2019

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When the Historical Events are Hidden in a Story. Origins and Reliability of the Medikos Logos Written by Herodotus
Authors: Tourovets Alexandre
Published: May 2019

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La division du temps dans l’Église primitive : une structure septennale dans l’évangile selon Marc
Authors: Amphoux Christian-Bernard
Published: May 2019

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Sésostris III et la frontière de Semna : une analyse des stèles nubiennes de l’an 16
Authors: Obsomer Claude
Published: May 2019

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Aux origines du chaos. Analyse du concept d’Isfet dans la Prophétie de Néferty
Authors: Parys Laura
Published: May 2019

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Mersa Gaouasis sur la mer Rouge et les expéditions vers Pount au Moyen Empire
Authors: Obsomer Claude
Published: May 2019

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Liver Response to Indomethacin-Induced Intestinal Injury
Authors: Červinková Zuzana , Radvaková Dagmar , Kohout Pavel
Published: May 2019

The aim of our study was to evaluate the impact of impaired barrier function of the small intestine induced by indomethacin on biochemical markers of liver damage (serum levels of alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, bilirubin), and liver functional parameters (serum concentration of albumin, liver DNA synthesis). Indomethacin (Sigma) was administered in 2 injections in a dose of 7.5 mg/kg subcutaneously spaced 24 hours apart, rats were sacrificed 24, 48 or 72 hours after the second dose of indomethacin. Control rats received indomethacin vehicle (5 % NaHCO3, pH 7.4, 1.0 ml/kg) in the same manner. Small intestine injury was approved by increased permeability (measured as a lactulose- mannitol index). Significant increase of small intestine DNA synthesis (estimated by incorporation of 3H thymidine) in indomethacin-treated rats 48 (p<0.01) and 72 (p<0.05) hours after the second dose of indomethacin documents induction of reparative process. All biochemical markers of liver injury were significantly decreased in indomethacin treated rats in all recorded intervals (p<0.05). By contraries, serum concentration of albumin, which predicates about liver function, was in indomethacin-treated rats significantly decreased in all intervals (p<0.01). To explain these contrarious results of indomethacin-induced impaired barrier function of the small intestine on the liver deserves further studies.
Troponins in Experimental Studies
Authors: Adamcová Michaela , Geršl Vladimír , Macháčková Jarmila , Hrdina Radomír , Klimtová Ivona , Šimůnek Tomáš , Vávrová Jaroslava , Bukač Josef
Published: May 2019

The aim of our study was to compare the diagnostic performance of cardiac troponin T (cTnT) and cardiac troponin I (cTnI) in three groups of rabbits: 1) control (saline 1 ml/kg i.v.); 2) daunorubicin (3 mg/kg i.v.); 3) daunorubicin (3 mg/kg i.v.) + dexrazoxane (60 mg/kg i.p.). The drugs were given once a week, 10 administrations. The concentration of cTnT was measured using Elecsys Troponin T STAT Immunoassay (Roche). The concentration of cTnI was measured using AxSYM Troponin I (Abbott). The linear regression model was applied to see if there is a dependence between cTnT and cTnI. The coefficient of determination (R2= 0.79) was acceptable only in the control group. In the remaining cases (i.e. in the daunorubicin group and in the daunorubicin + dexrazoxane treated group) R2was too small (0.53, and 0.06). We may conclude that in rabbits after repeated administration of cardiotoxic or cardioprotective drugs meaningful dependence between cTnT and cTnI was not found. The choice of the most suitable cardiomarker in laboratory animals deserves further studies.
Anomalies in Liver Arterial Blood Supply and Their Importance for Hepatic Surgery
Authors: Vobořil René , Weberová Jana , Dvořák Josef
Published: May 2019

Liver arterial system in humans presents wide variability. Knowledge of the variability is important for operation in this region (e.g. portcatheter implantation for regional intraarterial chemotherapy in patients with liver malignancy). The purpose of this study is to determine types of variation of liver artery system and their frequency in Czech population. The research was based on the evaluation of abdominal arteriograms, arteriography findings were confirmed during operations. There were found various anatomical relationships in this area, which may be divided into five types: type I. – standard organization occured in 75.6 % of cases; type II. – presence of accessory artery (8.2 %); type III. – variation of hepatic artery origin (7.4 %); type IV. – the anomalous origin of gastroduodenal artery (6.9 %) and type V. – combination of varieties (1.9 %). The most often was the type I that occured in three quaters of cases approximately.
Radiochemical aspects of alpha emitting radionuclides for medical application
Authors: Ferrier Maryline G. , Radchenko Valery , Wilbur D. Scott
Published: May 2019

The use of α-emitting radionuclides in targeted alpha therapy (TAT) holds great potential for treatment of human diseases, such as cancer, due to the short pathlength and high potency of the α particle, which can localize damage to targeted cells while minimizing effects to healthy surrounding tissues. In this review several potential α-emitting radionuclides having emission properties applicable to TAT are discussed from a radiochemical point of view. Overviews of production, radiochemical separation and chelation aspects relative to developing TAT radiopharmaceuticals are provided for the α-emitting radionuclides (and their generator systems) 211At, 224Ra/212Pb/212Bi, 225Ac/213Bi, 227Th/223Ra, 230U/226Th, 149Tb and 255Fm.
Note on the permanence of stochastic population models
Authors: Kant Shashi
Published: May 2019

The concept of permanence of any system is an important technical issue. This concept is very significant to all kind of systems, e.g., social, medical, biological, population, mechanical, or electrical.
It is desirable by scientists and investigators that any system under consideration must be long time survival.
For example, if we consider any ecosystem, it is always pre-requisite that this system is permanent.
In general language, permanence is just the persistent and bounded system in a particular surface time frame.
But the meaning may vary with the type of systems.
For example, deterministic and stochastic biological systems have different concepts of permanence in an abstract mathematical platform.
The reason is simple: it is due to the mathematical nature of parameters, methods of derivations of the model, biological assumptions, details of the study, etc.
In this short note, we consider the stochastic models for their permanence.
To address stochastic permanence of biological systems, many different approaches have been proposed in the literature.
In this note, we propose a new definition of permanence for stochastic population models (SPM).
The proposed definition is applied to the well-known Lotka–Volterra two species stochastic population model.
The note is closed with the open ended discussion on the topic.
KAJIAN HAK ASASI MANUSIA DALAM NEGARA THE RULE OF LAW : ANTARA HUKUM PROGRESIF DAN HUKUM POSITIF
Authors: Setiaji Mukhamad Luthfan , Ibrahim Aminullah
Published: May 2019

Pembentukan hukum tidak lepas dari putusan-putusan hakim ( judge made law ) yang terkait dengan penegakan hukum, sedangkan penegakan hukum pada hakikatnya adalah merupakan suatu proses untuk mewujudkan tujuantujuan hukum ide-ide hukum menjadi kenyataan. Tulisan ini mengkaji tentang aspek-aspek hak asasi manusia dalam negara hukum, antara hukum progresif dan hukum positif. Hukum Progresif adalah hukum pro keadilan dan pro rakyat , artinya dalam berhukum para pelaku hukum dituntut mengedepankan kejujuran, empati, kepedulian kepada rakyat dan ketulusan dalam penegakan hukum.
PERLINDUNGAN HAK ASASI MANUSIA DALAM REKLAMASI DI WILAYAH PESISIR DAN PULAU-PULAU KECIL
Authors: Hadi Syaiful , Alfath Tahegga Primananda , Syarifudin Trianita Yandhini
Published: May 2019

Reklamasi wilayah pesisir menjadi kian marak dipelbagai daerah, dengan dalih peningkatan investasi dan pendapatan daerah, perizinan untuk melakukan reklamasi seakan mudah, BUMN/BUMD atau swasta dijadikan mitra kerjasama oleh pemerintah sebagai pelaksana proyek reklamasi. Proyek reklamasi yang dilegalkan oleh pemerintah didasarkan atas akan adanya konservasi laut, investasi di wilayah pesisir dan pulau-pulau kecil, dan pembangunan hunian tepi laut. Padahal proyek reklamasi tersebut bersinggungan langsung dengan kehidupan masyarakat sekitar khususnya masyarakat nelayan di wilayah pesisir dan pulau-pulau kecil. Privatisasi dan komodifikasi sumber daya laut yang kemudian menggusur keberadaan masyarakat pesisir dan menghilangkan akses mereka terhadap penghidupannya, hal ini merupakan sebuah pelanggaran terhadap hak asasi manusia. Berdasarkan hal tersebut, masalah hukum yang akan dibahas dalam penelitian ini adalah pertama, kewajiban pemerintah dalam perlindungan hak asasi manusia terhadap masyarakat wilayah pesisir dan pulau-pulau kecil. Kedua, apakah Undang-Undang Nomor 1 Tahun 2014 tentang Perubahan atas Undang-Undang Nomor 27 Tahun 2007 tentang Pengelolaan Wilayah Pesisir dan Pulau-Pulau Kecil dan peraturan dibawahnya telah memberikan akses perlindungan terhadap hak asasi masyarakat pesisir dan pulau-pulau kecil.
Primary Lymphoma of the Heart: A Case Report of Surgical Treatment and Review of the Literature
Authors: Liu Shuai , Ren ChongLei , Wang Yao
Published: May 2019

Background: The incidence of heart tumors is the lowest in all known tumors. Primary cardiac tumors are especially rare, with an incidence of 0.056% according to autopsy reports. The most common type is myxoma, which account for nearly 70%-80% of them. Only 10% of primary cardiac tumors are malignant, approximately 95% of which are sarcomas, whereas the primary cardiac lymphomas (PCLs) are merely 1%.
Case Presentation: The present study reported a case of PCL with bilateral renal involvement. The patient received right atrial tumor excision and cardiac pacemaker implantation because of obstruction of the right ventricular outflow tract and third degree atrioventricular (AV) block. Primary diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) was diagnosed through pathological examination; complete remission (CR) was achieved after timely treatment with chemotherapy and autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation.
Conclusions: PCL is a very rare disease with highly malignancy. With nonspecific clinical features, the diagnosis is mainly done by histopathological and immunohistochemical staining. At the moment, the most effective treatment is chemotherapy. Palliative surgery may be necessary to correct hemodynamics when outflow is obstructed. The specific location, size, and proximity of the tumor 1ead to the prognosis. Once the cardiac conduction system was involved, electrocardiography (ECG) showed high AV block.
Evaluation of homocystein and asymmetric dimethyl arginine levels in patients with coronary slow flow phenomenon
Authors: Demirci Erkan , Çelik Oğuzhan , Kalçık Macit , Bekar Lütfü , Yetim Mucahit , Doğan Tolga
Published: May 2019

Background

Previous studies have demonstrated that homocysteine and asymmetric dimethyl arginine (ADMA) levels were strongly associated with cardiovascular diseases including coronary artery disease. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of plasma homocysteine and ADMA levels in the pathogenesis of coronary slow flow (CSF) phenomenon.

Methods

Twenty-three patients with CSF and 25 controls with normal coronary flow were included in this study. The quantitative measurement of coronary blood flow was performed using the thrombolysis in myocardial infarction frame count method. Plasma homocysteine and ADMA levels were determined using enzymatic assays from venous blood samples.

Results

The patients with CSF had significantly higher plasma homocysteine levels than controls (16.2 ± 7.6 vs. 12.2 ± 2.2 μM/L; p = 0.023). The uric acid levels were significantly higher in CSF group than controls (5.4 ± 1.1 vs. 4.6 ± 0.9 mg/dl; p = 0.011). Plasma ADMA levels were also higher in the CSF group; however, this was not statistically significant (0.6 ± 0.1 vs. 0.5 ± 0.2 μM/L; p = 0.475).

Conclusions

Increased homocysteine and uric acid levels may play an important role in the pathogenesis of CSF. Further large scale studies are required to determine the relationship between ADMA levels and CSF.