bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Improving the Performance of Wood-Metal Slide Bearings for Forestry Machinery
Authors:   Bryansk State Technical University, Pilyushina Galina , Pyrikov Pavel ,   Bryansk State Technical University, Pamfilov Evgeny ,   Bryansk State Technical University, Danilyuk Aleksey ,   Bryansk State Technical University, Kapustin Vladimir ,   Bryansk State Technical University
Published: April 2021

The performance of slide bearings in forestry machines and equipment is largely determined by the load-carrying capacity and antifriction qualities that depend on the bearing capacity of the sleeve (insert) material, the design rigidity and the nature of the forces during operation. As a result, the bearing materials undergo cyclic changes in the state of the sleeve material, as well as the elements that provide reinforcing, heat-conducting and anti-wear functions. The paper shows the results of research on the stress-strain behavior of anisotropic composite materials in the structures of wood-metal slide bearings. A method for ensuring vibration stability is proposed. It is based on maintaining the damping properties of the support that change in the course of wearing. The functionality of the developed program, which is used to solve the contact and thermal issues in the design of slide bearings, is described. A wood-metal material for making bearing sleeves and inserts from laminated compositions was created and studied. The compositions include a vibration-absorbing and fine-fractional component in a vibration-weighted state and a layered structure heterogeneous in thickness of the sleeve, characterized by a variable elastic modulus, that provides damping properties. The proposed design of a slide bearing using this material is focused on its use mainly in the conditions of shock-cyclic loading, which is typical for operation of most forestry machines and equipment.
OBTAINING HIGH-QUALITY PLANTING MATERIAL OF FOREST BERRY PLANTS BY CLONAL MICROPROPAGATION FOR RESTORATION OF CUTOVER PEATLANDS
Authors:   Central-European Forest Experiment Station, ARRISMF, Makarov Sergey , Kuznetsova Irina ,   Kostroma State Agricultural Academy, Chudetsky Anton ,   Central-European Forest Experiment Station, Rodin Sergey ,   All-Russian Research Institute of Silviculture and Mechanization of Forestry
Published: April 2021

The results of studies on the improvement of technology for producing highquality planting material of half-high blueberry and Arctic bramble by the method of clonal micropropagation are presented in the current paper. Creation of forest berry plantations in peat extraction areas allows reducing environmental damage and significantly increasing the efficiency of the timber industry. In recent decades, there has been an increasing interest in the creation of forest berry plantations on drained and cutover peatlands in Russia and other countries. It is necessary to use varietal planting material for the successful cultivation of forest berry plants on an industrial scale. Clonal micropropagation is the most effective of the vegetative methods for obtaining planting material, which allows receiving a huge amount of healthy planting material all year round in the conditions of a small laboratory area. Chloride-free ecosterilizer and bleaching agent based on sodium hypochlorite “Belizna” with an exposure of 15 and 20 min showed high efficiency in sterilization of explants of half-high blueberry and Arctic bramble. The highest viability of explants of the studied forest berry crops was observed when sterilized with a 0.1 % mercuric chloride solution and 15 min exposure, and its sharp decrease at 20 min exposure. At the stage of micropropagation, with an increase in the concentration of cytokinin 6-BAP from 0.5 to 1.0 mg/L on the nutrient Woody Plant Medium the number of shoots in regenerated plants of half-high blueberry (Northcountry and Northblue cultivars) and Arctic bramble (Anna and Sofia cultivars) increased. The effect of the concentration of IBA-derived auxin on the number and length of roots of regenerated plants was observed at the in vitro rooting stage.
Stand Structure of Northern Taiga Pine Forests
Authors:   Institute of Biology of Komi Science Centre of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, GSP-2, Kutyavin Ivan , Manov Aleksey ,   Institute of Biology of Komi Science Centre of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, GSP-2, Osipov Andrey ,   Institute of Biology of Komi Science Centre of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, GSP-2, Kuznetsov Mikhail ,   Institute of Biology of Komi Science Centre of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, GSP-2
Published: April 2021

In Northern taiga conditions pine forests occupy about 1.8 mln ha of the territory of the Komi Republic and are mainly represented by sphagnum, green-moss and lichen forest types. The studies were carried out at the Zelenoborsk Forest Station of the Institute of Biology of the Komi Scientific Centre of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences in green-moss and sphagnum pine forests developing at the site of fires and clearcuts. Tree layer has a mix composition with the predominance of pine trees and admixture of spruce, birch, larch and aspen. Pine stands form three types of age structure: conventionally evenaged; conventionally uneven-aged, represented by one generation; and stepped uneven-aged, consisting of two or three generations of pine trees. Trees left behind during clearcut and felling residuals at the cutting area by the burn method contribute to the formation of stands of stepped uneven-aged age structure. The variation coefficients of tree age are 5.8–10.8 % in pine forests with one generation and 39.7–45.6 % in forests with two or three generations. The number of generations and the type of age structure had no effect on the diameter and height of trees in the stand, which varied respectively within 25.2–49.5 % and 15.7–27.8 %. In pine forests developing after fires, the peak of pine settlement occur in the second or third decade, while in cutting areas, the maximum renewal occurs in the first or second decade after clearcuts. The amplitude of tree age fluctuations varies from 16 to 33 years in conventionally even-aged and conventionally uneven-aged forests developed after clearcuts and from 30 to 45 years in post-fire stands. In stepped uneven-aged stands tree age fluctuations changes from 120 to 167 years, and from 22 to 66 years in generations. The curves showing the distribution of trees by diameter in stands of pine trees had a left-handed shift, the asymmetry is represented by positive values and varies from 0.05 to 1.03. Trees of associate species are inferior in development, both in diameter and in height to pine trees of similar age. A close correlation between the diameter and height of trees in the stands was revealed. The relationship of age with diameter and height of trees varies from weak to significant at almost all of the sites studied. A close correlation between age and diameter was found in stepped uneven-aged pine forests (R = 0.79–0.96). The correlation between diameter and age increase with an increase in tree age fluctuations amplitude.
Policy of Technological Renewal of Machine-and-Food Enterprises in the Efficient Functioning of the Electronic System
Authors: VOYNARENKO Mykhailo , RODIONOVA Iryna , VAHANOVA Liudmyla
Published: April 2021

The article is devoted to revealing the essence of the policy of technological renewal of machine-building enterprises in the efficient functioning of the production system. The policy of technological renewal of machine-building enterprises in the effective functioning of the production system is defined as a set of its components, which contains a number of economic indicators that characterize the company's ability to develop new or improved technologies in production. It is proved that it is due to the constant introduction into production of new products, equipment and technologies, constant reduction of all types of costs, improving the quality characteristics of technologies to ensure the effective functioning of the production system. An algorithm for selecting and implementing a policy of technological renewal of machine-building enterprises in the effective functioning of the production system, which provides for the implementation of the following stages: identification of technological renewal policy goals, strategic analysis, choice of technological renewal policy, implementation of technological renewal policy, its adjustment. The requirements to be met by the process of selection and implementation of the policy of technological renewal of machine-building enterprises in the efficient functioning of the production system are determined. Strategic measures have been formed to implement the policy of technological renewal of machine-building enterprises in the effective functioning of the production system, based on the following components: production, scientific, personnel, financial, investment and marketing. The main tasks that are necessary to minimize the impact of risk in the implementation of the policy of technological renewal in the enterprise are formed. It is proved that the development of a mechanism of technological renewal at a machine-building enterprise, which will take into account the most important aspects of the enterprise, will ensure the effective functioning of the production system. Carrying out the policy of technological renewal of machine-building enterprises determines not only its efficiency, but also helps to identify both real and potential opportunities of the enterprise to take measures to enhance technological development, improve the competitive position of the enterprise and increase its revenues.
Formation of an Innovative Mechanism of Social Partnership in the System of Territorial Communities Support
Authors: MARUSHCHYN Yurii
Published: April 2021

The analysis of the forecast of development of an economic situation in Ukraine is carried out. It is emphasized that the main reason for the lowest rating indicators of GDP per capita among European countries, as well as the lowest positions of world welfare of Ukraine is the main reason, namely — the lack of reforms that would bring our country to a new level. The concept of social partnership and its transformation in the conditions of implementation of the reform of the territorial organization of power on the basis of decentralization are considered. It is established that due to the start of the reform of the territorial organization of power and financial decentralization, a new innovative mechanism in the interaction of the parties to the social partnership is being created. The main stimulus is financial decentralization, which has «lowered» financial resources to the level of communities and made it possible to launch a real stage of transformation, when local governments become more in demand. The vast majority of public services are now outsourced, placing the responsibility for the result on local communities, which in turn promotes the activity of the residents of these communities. It is also pointed out that business in the current environment must prove itself from a new angle: to become more socially responsible, because the new system of tax redistribution encourages «pure play». This system must now be in the hands of everyone: the state, business, citizens. In addition, it is highlighted that the most powerful factor in the development of social partnership is the formation of a favorable climate for doing business. That is why now the political leadership of Ukraine is actively urging new investors to come and invest in our economy. At the same time, it is emphasized that another indicator of the completion of decentralization is the possibility of a new effective dialogue for the development of the institution of social partnership. After all, the residents of the newly formed territorial communities already know and can directly and strongly influence the policy of local authorities, setting their own priorities in the further development of the respective territory. In general, it is noted that the mechanism of social partnership in the system of support of territorial communities in the implementation of the new state policy in the field of local self-government should be based on the interests of residents of territorial communities, based on social, economic and innovative components. In summary, the potential effect of the implementation of the social partnership mechanism is identified.
Expert Assessment of Mechanisms of Implementation of State Regional Economic Policy in Ukraine
Authors: PASTUKH Kateryna
Published: April 2021

The problems of implementation of the state regional economic policy in Ukraine cause the need to pay attention to its mechanisms. The research of the state regional economic policy in Ukraine, its mechanisms is conducted by scientists of different fields of knowledge. In fact, the study of the implementation of the state regional economic policy in Ukraine is particularly relevant among scientists in the field of public administration. However, the issues concerning the definition of the state regional economic policy in Ukraine and its mechanisms remain insufficiently investigated. The implementation of the state regional economic policy in Ukraine is investigated; expert assessment of its mechanisms of implementation is carried out. Based on the processing and analysis of respondents' answers, the results of their assessment are summarized and the relevant conclusions are reached. It is indicated that the state regional economic policy is the activity of the state, implemented through appropriate means and levers. One of the biggest obstacles in the implementation of the state regional economic policy is the imperfection of the regulatory framework and the lack of appropriate organizational and economic support, which confirms the conclusion about the need to improve the mechanisms of implementation of the state regional economic policy. It requires paying considerable attention to the improvement of the regulatory framework of the state regional economic policy. Its assessment gives grounds to state that there is still no established interrelational regulatory framework of the state regional economic policy and that is why, according to the respondents, it needs to be updated. Current challenges, trends of regional development underline the importance of improving the mechanisms of implementation of the state regional economic policy in Ukraine. The respondents emphasized the importance of taking into account foreign experience during the implementation of the state regional economic policy in Ukraine. Further scientific search will be devoted to the improvement of mechanisms of formation of state regional economic policy.
Exploring the fabrication and transfer mechanism of metallic nanostructures on carbon nanomembranes via focused electron beam induced processing
Authors: Preischl Christian , Le Linh Hoang , Bilgilisoy Elif , Gölzhäuser Armin , Marbach Hubertus
Published: April 2021

Focused electron beam-induced processing is a versatile method for the fabrication of metallic nanostructures with arbitrary shape, in particular, on top of two-dimensional (2D) organic materials, such as self-assembled monolayers (SAMs). Two methods, namely electron beam-induced deposition (EBID) and electron beam-induced surface activation (EBISA) are studied with the precursors Fe(CO)5 and Co(CO)3NO on SAMs of 1,1′,4′,1′′-terphenyl-4-thiol (TPT). For Co(CO)3NO only EBID leads to deposits consisting of cobalt oxide. In the case of Fe(CO)5 EBID and EBISA yield deposits consisting of iron nanocrystals with high purity. Remarkably, the EBISA process exhibits a strong time dependence, which is analyzed in detail for different electron doses. This time dependence is a new phenomenon, which, to the best of our knowledge, was not reported before. The electron-induced cross-linking of the SAM caused by the cleavage of C–H bonds and the subsequent formation of new C–C bonds between neighboring molecules also seems to play a crucial role in the EBISA process. Previous studies showed that iron nanostructures fabricated on top of a cross-linked SAM on Au/mica can be transferred to solid substrates and grids without any changes, aside from oxidation. Here we demonstrate that iron as well as cobalt oxide structures on top of a cross-linked SAM on Ag/mica do change more significantly. The Fe(NO3)3 solution used for etching of the Ag layer also dissolves the cobalt oxide structures and causes dissolution and reduction of the iron structures. These results demonstrate that the fabrication of hybrids of metallic nanostructures onto organic 2D materials is an intrinsically complex procedure. The interactions among the metallic deposits, the substrate for the growth of the SAM, and the associated etching/dissolving agent need to be considered and further studied.
VALIDACIÓN DE UN INSTRUMENTO PARA MEDIR CONOCIMIENTOS, PERCEPCIÓN DE RIESGO Y ESTIGMAS SOBRE TUBERCULOSIS
Authors:   Universidad Libre Seccional Cali, Ahumada Karen
Published: April 2021

Antecedente: La tuberculosis es una enfermedad infecciosa que suele afectar a los pulmones, causada por una bacteria (Mycobacterium tuberculosis). Se trasmite de una persona a otra a través de gotitas de aerosol. Esta enfermedad es una de las primeras causas de mortalidad a nivel mundial por esto es relevante validar un instrumento que nos permita evaluar conocimientos, percepciones de riesgo y estigma sobre tuberculosis. Objetivo: Diseñar y validar un instrumento para medir conocimientos, percepciones de riesgo y estigma sobre tuberculosis en población privada de la libertad. Metodología: Se realizó un estudio observacional descriptivo transversal. 11 expertos evaluaron de forma cualitativa y cuantitativa el instrumento preliminar. La evaluación cualitativa se realizó a través de un grupo focal. La evaluación cuantitativa de los ítems se realizó a través de escala tipo Likert evaluando los siguientes criterios: Coherencia, relevancia y claridad. Y en cuanto a la evaluación de las dimensiones se realizó por medio del criterio de suficiencia. Posterior a los ajustes se les realizó a 16 sujetos del centro penitenciario la prueba piloto. Resultados: De los 20 ítems propuestos inicialmente, el consenso de expertos ajustó la estructura, se elimina 4 ítems y adiciona un nuevo ítem, quedando el instrumento con 17 ítems. Se evaluó la validez del contenido a través del coeficiente V de Aiken 0,95 IC95% (0,82-0,99) siendo perfecto, se evaluó la fiabilidad utilizando el Alfa de Cronbach 0,59 considerándose aceptable por ser una escala multidimensional. Conclusiones: se obtuvo un instrumento válido de medida multidimensional en tuberculosis en poblaciones privada de la libertad.
Overview of the Intelligent Operation and Maintenance System for Shanghai Rail transit Rolling Stock
Authors: Xiaowei Tu , Youmin Yu , Qi Deng
Published: April 2021

The traditional rolling stock maintenance model based on planned repairs and fault repairs cannot meet the needs of the rolling stock operation and maintenance for superlarge-scaled networks. There is an urgent need to establish a highly automated and information-based rolling stock intelligent operation and maintenance system based on online monitoring. This paper introduces the composition, main functions and application situations for the Shanghai rail transit intelligent rolling stock operation and maintenance system as well as suggestions for further work related thereto so as to provide references for the development of the rolling stock intelligent operation and maintenance system of the rail transit industry.
Shanghai Metro Constructs an “Intelligent Metro”
Authors: Journalist Print
Published: April 2021

The World Artificial Intelligence (AI) Conference 2020 opened in Shanghai on July 9, 2020. The AI application scenarios presented by Shanghai Shentong Metro Group Co., Ltd. (Shentong Metro Group) have attracted a lot of attention of visitors. On July 9, 2020, the total passenger flow of Shanghai Metro exceeded 10 million, reaching 10.048 million, and Shanghai will enter the normal state of “ten million passenger flow” every day. At present, the operating mileage of Shanghai Metro reaches 705km, ranking first in the world. According to the new line planning and construction trend, the Shanghai Metro network will continue to expand, and there will be even more passenger flows in the future.
Plan of Colorado School of Mine to develop rapid tunneling technology
Authors: Journalist Print
Published: April 2021

According to the news on the foreign tunnellingjournal.com website (tunnellingjournal.com) on May 5, 2020, the Underground Engineering Research Center of Colorado School of Mines and the US Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) recently signed a contract to develop an unprecedented rapid tunneling technology for its “Excavator” project. The research team will conduct a demonstration of tunneling technology at a speed of 366m/h within 15 months.
Teoria e práticas urbanas: estética, conhecimento e o traçado urbano da cidade de Erechim/RS
Authors: Nardino Camila , Piccinato Junior Dirceu
Published: April 2021

Erechim foi desenvolvida a partir de um plano urbano idealizado pelo Engenheiro Civil Carlos Torres Gonçalves. A forte presença de formas geométricas retilíneas indicava uma similaridade para com outros desenhos urbanos, como por exemplo, as cidades de Paris (França), Belo Horizonte (Brasil). Para tanto, o presente artigo tem como objetivo desenvolver uma análise morfológica e ideológica sobre a cidade de Erechim. Os procedimentos metodológicos se estruturam em uma pesquisa exploratória, de natureza qualitativa. Foi realizado um levantamento histórico, com análises dos processos de formação da cidade e de seu traçado urbano. Tal conjuntura permitiu estabelecer o recorte temporal entre o ano de formação da Colônia de Erechim, 1904, até a implantação do traçado urbano em 1914. Algumas particularidades são observadas nesse processo de conformação da cidade, como os eixos norte e sul delineados pelas vias que priorizam a circulação. Notou-se que, ao mesmo tempo em que há um discurso revelando que o traçado urbano de Erechim se inspirou em Paris, há também, por outro lado, a representação da ideia de que a cidade se configurou segundo os preceitos do saber erudito da época, assim como, também seguiu algumas diretrizes estabelecidas na época para o parcelamento do solo urbano.
Caracterização do entorno das moradias estudantis em Salvador
Authors: Sacramento Sabrina , Oliveira Yuri , Barroso Aline , Araújo Mayara
Published: April 2021

Entendendo a importância da moradia e de sua localização para o acesso a equipamentos básicos, este artigo objetivou mapear e analisar o entorno das moradias estudantis em Salvador. Foi priorizada a análise dos equipamentos de saúde e estabelecimentos comerciais do tipo farmácia, mercado e reprografia. A pesquisa iniciou-se com o entendimento da política de assistência estudantil no Brasil especialmente em Salvador. Foram realizados levantamentos, mapeamentos e visitas in loco das moradias. A primeira análise considerou a acessibilidade destes estudantes à UFBA, a partir da distância entre essas moradias e a referida instituição, a segunda análise foi com relação à presença dos equipamentos, acima citados, no entorno das moradias estudantis, para isso, foram estabelecidos raios de caminhabilidade que indicavam a distância média confortável para alcançar os equipamentos. Pode-se concluir que a maioria das moradias estudantis em Salvador encontrava-se em contextos urbanos com boa oferta dos equipamentos analisados e que a política de assistência estudantil deve levar em consideração, para além da qualidade da moradia, sua localização, visando ao acesso dos estudantes a equipamentos urbanos, e consequentemente contribuindo para o direito à cidade desses indivíduos.
O ensino de Arquitetura é uma árvore: deveria ser?
Authors: Mello Bruno Cesar Euphrasio de
Published: April 2021

O presente artigo busca refletir sobre os rumos do ensino de Arquitetura e Urbanismo brasileiro neste início de século XXI. Para isso, debate seus pressupostos e contradições, recuperando o momento de constituição da Arquitetura e Urbanismo como campo autônomo, as diretrizes curriculares e a legislação profissional, indo além das “experiências de renovação pedagógica”. Reconhece que o ensino se organiza como árvore – tendo o projeto como tronco dos currículos – e se pergunta: o ensino de arquitetura deveria ser mesmo organizado em árvore? Para responder a esta pergunta, reconstrói historicamente fatos que tornam o presente mais inteligível, pleno de desafios e dilemas.
THE TRIBAL RESPONSE TO COVID-19 PANDEMIC: A CASE STUDY OF GALO TRIBE OF ARUNACHAL PRADESH
Authors: Doye Eli , Basar Gomar
Published: April 2021

The COVID-19 has engulfed and seriously affected the entire world, bringing a complete halt to the movement of people, and at the same time, equalized all people and countries, both rich and poor. The dichotomy between rich and poor was reduced, and the value and utility of money and other material possessions of people were temporarily rendered worthless or of lesser value. Different countries adopted different strategies to cope with the situation. The Galo tribe, one of the least known tribes in the easternmost part of Himalaya, was not lagging behind in the fight against this virus, and rather they came up with several activities under the aegis of its apex organization, the Galo Welfare Society. Without being scared away by the virus spike, they took up several welfare initiatives for their own community people, especially those Galos who were stranded across the states. This paper attempts to give some information about how the apex organization of this small tribal community, even during the lockdown period, put ardent efforts to do something for their own community people in particular and people of Arunachal in general while firmly obeying all COVID-19 Advisories. It further tries to analyze how practical and useful the apex body was for the people in such a precarious situation like the COVID-19 pandemic. They extended small financial assistance to the students of their community, people stranded outside the state, created barricades and adopted indigenous rituals to protect themselves. And in terms of other people, they successfully organized different activities ranging from mask distribution and meal arrangement to voluntary blood donation program.
Nursing care in the transfusion of blood components to surgical patients in the perioperative period
Authors: Góis Amanda Regina da Silva , Xavier Raquel Oliveira , Mola Rachel , Lira Gerlene Grudka , Brandão Brígida Maria Gonçalves de Melo , Abrão Fátima Maria da Silva
Published: April 2021

Introduction: blood transfusion consists of the administration of blood components intravenously in clinical or surgical treatments. In the preoperative period, it is performed with the objective of improving tissue oxygenation, as well as promoting hemodynamic and hemostatic balance.
Objective: to understand nursing care in the transfusion of blood components to surgical patients in the perioperative period.
Method: this is a descriptive and exploratory study with a qualitative approach. Grounded Theory was used, with constant comparative analysis. A total of 18 nurses and 28 nursing technicians from a university hospital took part in the study. Data were collected between October 2019 and February 2020, through a sociodemographic questionnaire and semi-structured interviews.
Results: the study resulted in the central category nursing care during transfusion, which gave rise to the categories: caring for before transfusion; caring for during transfusion; and caring for after transfusion, which were discussed according to the standardized nursing methodology.
Conclusion: it was understood that nursing care is planned and implemented following an ordering of practices in a logical sequence due to the characteristics of the procedure in the perioperative period. Nurses demand indirect care; in contrast, nursing technicians engage in direct patient care.
WIRELESS-BASED TECHNOLOGY FOR OPTIMIZING OF OPERATION OF THE AVIATION ENGINE CONTROL SYSTEM
Authors: Tovkach Serhii
Published: April 2021

An approach for improving of efficiency the operation of distributed control system of aviation engine based on wireless technology with high productivity and resolution of wave distributed surface has been presented. It can be applied for development of new principles of correct location the nodes, including the data processing equipment, the intellectual sensors, actuators, repeaters, central units in adaptive control strategies of aviation engine. The optimization method for processing information, using adaptive wavelet filters, as an optimal filter, that minimizes the average square of a common error for organizing the connection between wireless elements in the control systems of aviation gas turbine engine, has been considered, on the theoretical point of view. Also, the wavelets applications in the Wireless Distributed Automatic Control System (WDACS) for aviation engine, the requirements for the construction of its node, supported by the protocol stack, the scheme and the programs with a combination of connections the information exchange between elements have been considered, from the practical point of view.
Types of vaccines, advantages and disadvantages
Authors: Petrunov Bogdan
Published: April 2021

Types of vaccines, advantages and disadvantages. Interview with Acad. Dr. Bogdan Petrunov
Notulae to the Italian flora of algae, bryophytes, fungi and lichens: 11
Authors: Ravera Sonia , Puglisi Marta , Vizzini Alfredo , Aleffi Michele , Benesperi Renato , Decarli Giovanni Bergamo , Berta Gabriele , Bianchi Elisabetta , Boccardo Fabrizio , Briozzo Ian , Clericuzio Marco , Cogoni Annalena , Croce Antonio , Dagnino Davide , De Agostini Antonio , De Giuseppe Antonio B. , Di Nuzzo Luca , Dovana Francesco , Fačkovcová Zuzana , Gheza Gabriele , Loppi Stefano , Malicek Jiri , Mariotti Mauro , Nascimbene Juri , Nimis Pier Luigi , Paoli Luca , Passalacqua Nicodemo G. , Plášek Vítězslav , Poponessi Silvia , Prosser Filippo , Puntillo Domenico , Puntillo Michele , Rovito Simone , Sguazzin Francesco , Sicoli Giovanni , Tiburtini Manuel , Tomaselli Valeria , Turcato Claudia , Vallese Chiara
Published: April 2021

In this contribution, new data concerning bryophytes, fungi, and lichens of the Italian flora are presented. It includes new records and confirmations for the bryophyte generaAneura,Aulacomnium,Dumortiera,Fossombronia,Hennediella,Hygrohypnella,Pohlia,Porella,Riccardia,Tortella, andTortula, the fungal generaCortinarius,Mycena,Naucoria,Trichoglossum, andTubariaand the lichen generaAgonimia,Blastenia,Chaenotheca,Cladonia,Endocarpon,Gyalecta,Lecanographa,Parmeliella,Porpidia,Stenhammarella, andThelidium.
Chondrostoma smyrnae, a new nase from the Tahtalı reservoir drainage in the Aegean Sea basin (Teleostei, Leuciscidae)
Authors: Küçük Fahrettin , Çiftçi Yılmaz , Güçlü Salim Serkan , Turan Davut
Published: April 2021

Chondrostoma smyrnae, a new species, from the Tahtalı reservoir drainage is distinguished by having a slightly arched lower jaw with a well-developed keratinised edge, a deep and cylindric body, a complete lateral line with 47–52+1 total scales, 8–9 scale rows between the lateral line and the dorsal-fin origin, 4 scale rows between the lateral line and the pelvic fin-origin, and 19–23 gill rakers on the first gill arch. Moreover, molecular analyses using full cyt b (1141 bp) and partial coI (652 bp) sequences of the mitochondrial genome from specimens of the new species, C. smyrnae and specimens belonging to other Chondrostoma species from central and western Anatolia demonstrated that the C. smyrnae is easily differentiated by their high pairwise genetic distances of cyt b and coI data set (>2.20 and 1.03%, respectively) and by their position in the phylogenetic trees obtained through Maximum Likelihood (ML) methodology.
A new species of Cybaeus L. Koch, 1868 (Araneae, Cybaeidae) with simple genitalia from central Japan is the sister species of C. melanoparvus Kobayashi, 2006 with elongated genitalia
Authors: Sugawara Yusuke , Ihara Yoh , Nakano Takafumi
Published: April 2021

Spiders of the genus Cybaeus L. Koch, 1868 exhibit two major centers of diversity: Western North America and Japan. Several Japanese Cybaeus possess an elongated embolus in the male palp and elongated tubular spermathecae in the female genitalia. Here we describe Cybaeus koikeisp. nov. from central Honshu, Japan, which has an unelongated embolus and bulbous spermathecae. Phylogenetic analyses using nuclear and mitochondrial gene markers clearly support the monophyly of C. koikeisp. nov. and Cybaeus melanoparvus Kobayashi, 2006, a species with elongated genitalia. Both species share a similar habitus and a cluster of robust setae on the lateral surface of the male palpal patella. The latter is considered a synapomorphy for C. koikeisp. nov. and C. melanoparvus. A supplementary description of the spermathecae of C. melanoparvus is also provided.
Libertés académiques, libertés publiques, mêmes combats
Authors: Le comité de rédaction  , Noûs Camille , Le Parlement des revues
Published: April 2021

C’est dans l’esprit de la motion votée par le Parlement des revues le 13 novembre 2020, ici présentée, que le comité de rédaction de Genèses entend poursuivre les luttes contre les processus de restriction des libertés académiques et fondamentales, contre la marchandisation des savoirs et la destruction du service public de l’enseignement et de la recherche, en partie au travers des modestes moyens offerts par cette rubrique « Combats ». Que la loi de programmation de la recherche pour les années 2021 à 2030 et portant diverses dispositions relatives à la recherche et à l’enseignement supérieur (LPR) ait été adoptée le 24 décembre 2020 (loi n° 2020-1674, publiée au Journal officiel du 26 décembre 2020) ne change rien à cette détermination.
L’évaluation dans les politiques complexes. Les cas de la lutte contre l’habitat indigne et du traitement des copropriétés en difficulté
Authors: Desquinabo Nicolas
Published: April 2021

Les politiques de « traitement des copropriétés en difficulté » et de « lutte contre l’habitat indigne » (qui se recoupent en partie) sont caractérisées par des interactions fortes entre les interventions diverses de multiples acteurs publics indépendants les uns des autres. De plus, certaines interventions potentiellement décisives sont souvent quasi inexistantes, notamment parce qu’elles relèvent d’acteurs dont les priorités sont dans d’autres domaines. Deux cas d’évaluations (l’évaluation nationale des opérations visant les copropriétés en difficulté et une évaluation régionale de la lutte contre l’habitat indigne) illustrent des stratégies possibles d’évaluation de politiques particulièrement complexes et de mobilisation d’acteurs déterminants, mais peu impliqués.
Comunidades de Thomisidae (Araneae) en diferentes tipos de vegetación en un Sitio RAMSAR en el noreste de Argentina
Authors: Achitte-Schmutzler Helga Cecilia , Oscherov Elena Beatriz , Avalos Gilberto
Published: April 2021

El Sitio RAMSAR Humedales Chaco es uno de los tres biomas de mayor diversidad de Argentina, dado que presenta un ambiente muy heterogéneo. Los estudios acerca de la diversidad de arañas en dicho bioma son escasos y en relación a la diversidad de Thomisidae Sundevall, 1833 no se registra ninguno. Se analizaron las comunidades de Thomisidae en ambientes con diferentes grados de complejidad estructural (bosque de galería -SG-, bosque bajo abierto -BA-, pastizales -Pz- y palmerales -Pr-) en siete localidades del sitio RAMSAR. Las arañas fueron recolectadas mediante golpeteo de follaje, captura manual y aspirado (G-vac). Se recolectaron 464 individuos, distribuidos en 34 especies/morfoespecies. La completitud del muestreo superó el 90% y se obtuvo más del 60% de las especies esperadas según el estimador Chao 1. La mayor riqueza, abundancia y diversidad de orden 1 y 2 se observó en la SG, pero no fue estadísticamente significativo. El Pz presentó la menor riqueza, diversidad y equitatividad. Tmarus pugnax (Mello-Leitão, 1929) dominó en los bosques, mientras que T. aff humphreyi (Chickering, 1965) dominó en el Pz y Misumenops maculissparsus (Keyserling, 1891) con Uraarachne sp (Keyserling, 1880) en el Pr. El NMDS separó dos grupos: los bosques (SG y BA) y los Pz + Pr (Stress = 0.28) y el análisis ANOSIM indicó diferencias significativas entre los grupos (R = 0.38 p = 0.02). Asimismo, el índice de Chao-Jaccard indicó mayor similitud entre los ambientes boscosos y los Pz + Pr. La mayor riqueza y abundancia de tomísidos se obtuvieron en los ambientes boscosos, posiblemente se deba a la mayor complejidad de la vegetación en dichos ambientes.
Análisis de la microestructura de humos de soldadura de aceros de bajo y medio contenido de carbon
Authors: Güney Bekir
Published: April 2021

En este estudio, la muestra de humo de soldadura se obtuvo a partir de aceros de bajo y medio carbono y los electrodos utilizados en la soldadura. Las microestructuras de las partículas se analizaron mediante microscopía electrónica de barrido (SEM), espectrómetro de dispersión de energía (EDS), difractómetro de rayos X (XRD) y espectrómetro de infrarrojos por transformada de Fourier (FTIR). En los experimentos se encontró que los elementos Be, O, F, Fe, Si, Cl, K, Ca, Ti, V, Cr, Mn tenían contenidos atómicos superiores al 1%. Con base en este hallazgo, se revela que la estructura está constituida principalmente por óxidos tipos Fe2O3, Fe3O4, MnO2, TiO2, SiO2, Fe3Mn3O8, FeMn2O4, BeO, CrO. También se encontró mediante análisis XRD que los elementos con contenidos inferiores al 1% atómico se encontraban también asociados a fases en forma de óxidos. Debido a que las estructuras oxidadas amenazan el medio ambiente y la salud humana, se ha descubierto experimentalmente que los metales emitidos por los humos de soldadura siguen contaminando y amenazando el medio ambiente.
Miniaturizing Monuments: Conrad Schick and his Architectural Models of the Holy Sites of Jerusalem
Authors: Magouliotis Nikolaos
Published: April 2021

The topic of this paper is a series of architectural models of the holy sites of Jerusalem made by Conrad Schick, a German missionary and craftsman who lived in the Holy Land for the latter half of the nineteenth century.The focus of the analysis is twofold: On the one hand, it traces the life and career of Conrad Schick, from central Europe to the Middle East, and from craftsman-missionary to distinguished model-maker, archeologist, and architect. And on the other, it concerns the models he constructed (particularly those of the Holy Sepulchre and the Temple Mount). They are considered as objects and artifacts of their specific context, and compared with the multitude of other miniature objects produced in the nineteenth century—from decorative knick-knacks to educational toys, and from cuckoo clocks to battlefield maps.Similarly, the aims of the analysis are twofold. On the one hand, it shall be demonstrated that Schick’s original training as a craftsman in southern Germany and Switzerland affected the way he dealt with the task of constructing scaled models of highly contested religious sites in Jerusalem. Secondly, it shall be pointed out that his models were objects at the intersection of radically different discourses, from folk art to architecture, and from pedagogy to geopolitics.
Analysis of the Distributed Queueing Algorithm in a Multichannel Network with Mixed-Type Traffic
Authors: Nibitanga Romeo , Mwangi Elijah , Ndung’u Edward
Published: April 2021

Networks such as LTE-M, NB-IoT, LoRa and SigFox are being deployed for massive IoT communications. However, the Aloha protocols used for the media access are inefficient when the network size is high. As a result, a Distributed Queuing (DQ) algorithm is being proposed to replace the conventional access schemes because of its superior network performance. In this paper, we study the algorithm with no prior consideration of any underlying technology at the physical layer. We perform a steady-state analysis of the algorithm in a network where the traffic is composed of periodic and urgent packets. It was found that for high traffic from the network all the nodes were taking part in each contention. Nevertheless, for better performance in terms of access delay and packet drop rate, it was preferable to operate the algorithm in the small traffic interval. Moreover, the downlink traffic has been observed to have a significant impact on the stability of the algorithm.
Healthcare Workers’ Preparedness to tackle COVID-19: A Study on Knowledge and Compliance with Standard Precautions in a Tertiary Hospital in Southern Nigeria
Authors: Ogboghodo E.O. , Osaigbovo I.I. , Adio F.B. , Uwugiaren E.I. , Nwaogwugwu C.J. , Obaseki D.E. , Oko-oboh G.A.
Published: April 2021

Background: Hospitals may serve as amplifiers of infectious disease rates during outbreak situations. The strict implementation of and compliance with standard precautions (SPs) is the primary strategy for preventing healthcare-associated infections. This study was conducted to assess the knowledge and level of compliance with SPs in a tertiary hospital as a measure of preparedness to tackle the COVID-19 pandemic.Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among healthcare workers selected using stratified sampling technique in the University of Benin Teaching Hospital, Benin City, Nigeria during the COVID-19 pandemic. Data was collected using an adapted, self-administered questionnaire and analyzed using IBM SPSS version 25.0. Knowledge and compliance with SPs were assessed using six domains each. Statistical measures for analysis were the odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). The level of significance was set at p < 0.05.Results: A total of 524 respondents with mean age 38.1 ± 9.7 years participated in this study. Majority, 432 (84.2%) were female and 467 (89.1%) were clinical staff. Overall, knowledge and compliance of SPs were good in 457 (87.2%) and 293 (60.0%) respondents, respectively. Clinical health workers were 2.5 (95% CI: 1.3 – 5.1) times more likely to have good knowledge while respondents with poor knowledge were 0.5 (95% CI: 0.3 – 0.9) timesless likely to have good compliance with SPs.Conclusion: Knowledge of SPs in the studied population was high and compliance was good. Continued education and behavioural change communication are needed to improve compliance especially in the face of a pandemic.
Knowledge of Malaria and Utilization of Insecticide-Treated Nets amongst Mothers of Under-five Children in selected Rural Communities of Nigeria’s Federal Capital Territory
Authors: Esomonu S.N. , Ossai E.N. , Onajole A.T.
Published: April 2021

Background: Malaria is a life-threatening parasitic disease caused by the plasmodium parasite and women and under-five children are more prone to its adverse consequences. The use of insecticide-treated nets (ITNs) is recommended to reduce malaria burden in endemic communities. The study aimed to determine knowledge of malaria and utilization of insecticide-treated nets (ITNs) amongst mothers of under-five children in rural communities of Nigeria’s Federal Capital Territory, and the predictors.Methods: A community-based cross-sectional design was used. Multi-stage sampling method was used to select 160 mothers of under-five children in two rural communities. A structured questionnaire was used for data collection. Data analysis was done using SPSS statistical software version 22.0 and level of statistical significance was determined by a p value of < 0.05.Results: Mean age of respondents was 29.0±5.4 years, and majority 144 (90%) of the women were married. Lower proportion of respondents had good knowledge of malaria 33 (20.6%). Ninety-four (58.8%) of respondents owned ITNs, but less than half 45 (47.9%) utilized the nets. Predictors of good knowledge of malaria were having attained tertiary education [Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR); 2.7, 95% Confidence Interval (CI):1.1–8.1], p=0.042, and being self-employed, (AOR; 3.4, 95% CI: 1.1-13.1), p=0.043). Predictor of utilization of ITNs was being aged 30 years and above (AOR; 2.5, 95% CI: 1.1-6.1, p=0.031).Conclusion: Lower proportions of respondents had good knowledge of malaria and utilization of ITNs. Health education of mothers on malaria and benefits of ITNs use should be intensified in the study area.
Fish zoonoses of the tropics: A Review
Authors: Sunday K.I. , Ada F.B.
Published: April 2021

The possibilities of pathogens transmitting zoonotic diseases to fish or aquatic environments are dependent on seasons, patients’ contact with fish or fish related environment, nutritional habits and the immune system level of the exposed individual. Consumption of aquatic food is on the increase, and thus explains the answers to the increase in zoonotic contraction cases found in man. Zoonotic infections can be classified into infections caused by: a) direct interaction with infected animals b) consumption of raw or undercooked aquatic products. Pathogens may be natives of the said aquatic environment or may occur as a result of environmental pollution such as the use of fertilizer, human waste or any of the anthropogenic substances. Zoonotic infections can be passed to man through fish via any of the following hosts: Helminths, Bacteria, Protozoa and Arthropods.Nevertheless, once the chemistry and control of zoonoses is understood, putting up measure to adequately address them when necessary will not be challenging. More so, educating the public on the need for prevention, proper cooking of aquatic products, and also a constant reminder of potential dangers are necessary to reinforce proper sea food handling practices.

Keywords: Zoonoses, Fish, Effect and Control
Ethnobotanical survey of some important medicinal plant in Epinmi Akoko, Ondo State Nigeria
Authors: Olopete Q.R. , Ale J.E.
Published: April 2021

The study was designed to explore knowledge about important medicinal plants used traditionally to cure some diseases in the Epinmi akoko area of Ondo state. Information was gathered from different people through an oral interviews and structured questionnaire. The respondents were aged herbal practitioners, domiciled in the study area. Plant specimens were identified by their local names.  Aged people and herbal practitioners were contacted for adequate information on plant species and their medicinal uses. Major information was gathered with the help of the herbal practitioners. A total number of 47 plants were recorded for the treatment of different diseases, belonging to 30 families Some of the plants are mainly use for the treatment of malaria, cough, asthma, dysentery and many more. The survey revealed that people in this area strongly depend on medicinal plants. for the treatment of various diseases.

Keywords: Ethnobotany, medicinal plants, Epinmi Akoko, Ondo state.