bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices Regarding Dengue Prevention Among Health Volunteers in an Urban Area – Malang, Indonesia
Authors: Rakhmani Alidha Nur , Zuhriyah Lilik
Published: March 2024

Objectives: The dengue prevention program known as “One House One Mosquito Larva Inspector” involves health volunteers who play a crucial role in the surveillance of mosquito larvae and reporting their findings to local public health officials. This study aimed to identify factors related to the knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) of dengue prevention behavior among these health volunteers.Methods: A study was conducted in 5 sub-districts in Malang, an urban area in Indonesia. We employed a cross-sectional design and utilized a semi-structured questionnaire to assess the KAP of 400 health volunteers. Data were collected through face-to-face interviews.Results: Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that individuals with a more positive attitude (odds ratio [OR], 1.69; p<0.05) and those with family sizes greater than five persons (OR, 1.90; p<0.05) were more likely to engage in effective dengue prevention practices. Additionally, possesing good knowledge was significantly assocated with more positive attitude (OR, 2.24; p<0.001). Furthermore, 40% reduction in positive attitude was observed in those over 45 years (OR, 0.60; p<0.05). The best practices most frequently reported by the majority of respondents included always reporting their surveillance activities (75.8%) and cleaning the water container in the bathroom at least once a week (65.2%). However, only 52.2% of respondents regularly checked for mosquito larvae in their neighborhood.Conclusions: Sustainable promotion and training for the “One House One Mosquito Larva Inspector” initiative are necessary, particularly among young health volunteers, to improve dengue prevention behaviors both within their own homes and in the surrounding environment.
Continuing Professional Development in the Sports Rehabilitation Industry
Authors: Morris Gareth Richard , Cao Qing Qing
Published: March 2024

Continuing professional development (CPD) is important for all professions, occupations, and industries. In the medical world, the value of outstanding practitioners goes without question, and fortunately, there is a wide range of ways in which qualified individuals can continually improve and enhance their knowledge, skills, and competencies. In China, sports rehabilitation practice is a relatively new mainstream field. It rose in prominence in the lead up to the 2008 Beijing Olympic games and has steadily continued to increase in popularity in the intervening years. That said, there is a lack of studies readily accessible about this field in English-speaking academic outlets. There is also a relative dearth of qualitative depth enlightening studies to complement the statistical and quantitative ones. Consequently, this chapter seeks to add to an emerging body of knowledge in an emerging field.
The Sixth Great Debate in International Relations Theory Revolves Around Clarity
Authors: Pietrzak Piotr
Published: March 2024

As we anticipate the emergence of the sixth great debate in IR theory, ontology in statu nascendi stands ready to guide IR theorists in addressing pressing issues such as new technologies, artificial intelligence, cybersecurity, pandemics, and the evolving nature of conflicts. Its relevance extends to the forefront of contemporary concerns, including autonomous weapons systems, asymmetric warfare, climate change, and societal inequalities. Ontology in statu nascendi has evolved into a mature framework, uniquely structured to navigate the complexities of our dynamic global landscape. Its integration signifies a pivotal step in the advancement of international relations (IR) theory, offering a robust foundation for collaboration to address the challenges of the 21st century.
Can the European Union's Global Gateway Challenge China's Belt and Road Initiative?
Authors: Yigit Sureyya
Published: March 2024

This chapter examines China's technological advance and its relevance to European strategic sovereignty. The following sections deal with the shifting paradigms and how they reshape a key concept in this context: interdependence. The chapter then turns its attention towards China's innovation capacity, explaining how it has become an innovation powerhouse from an unlikely candidate for digital innovation and why its future success is still being determined. The next section explores how China's technological advance translates into a global power and how the EU's Global Gateway can become a rival to the Belt and Road Initiative. The chapter concludes with a broad research agenda to understand the EU's and China's future technological trajectories. This will be a prerequisite for developing adequate and effective European policies so that the Union retains its freedom of action in world affairs.
China's Belt and Road Initiative
Authors: Zreik Mohamad
Published: March 2024

This chapter explores the geopolitical and geoeconomic implications of China's Belt and Road Initiative (BRI), a massive project initiated in 2013 that could potentially reshape global power dynamics. The BRI, viewed as a manifestation of China's soft power, holds potential to alleviate international conflicts, foster international collaboration, and expedite global transformations. It aims to strengthen international relations, bolster economies, and instill peace in conflict-ridden regions like the Middle East, Afghanistan, and certain parts of Africa. By broadening infrastructure, generating new economic prospects, and integrating regions, the BRI could herald an era of peace. It also hints at the emergence of a multipolar world with China's increasing influence. By potentially decreasing conflict likelihood and forming new global governance systems, the BRI might enhance economic interdependence and diplomatic relations. This chapter begins a dialogue on how such economic initiatives can mitigate regional turbulence and influence future global order.
X-Raying Digital Activism in Selected Countries
Authors: Chisita Collence T. , Rusero Alexander Madana , Tsabedze Vusi W. , Khumalo Amahle
Published: March 2024

The spectacle of digital activism has taken the world by storm as silent voices manipulate the advantages or opportunities provided by social networking sites (SNSs) to organise protests by engaging their audiences using a panoply of digital technologies. The efficacy of such novel engagement as part of social action movements has become common worldwide, and Africa is no exception. The proliferation of digital media spaces has often made authoritarian resilience costly, but it continues to oil the surveillance economy, data capitalism, and global information manipulation. The chapter presents classical case studies reflecting how this phenomenon has engulfed African states. A qualitative research approach unpacks this phenomenon, as it has become deeply rooted in Africa's drive for social change. The chapter enquires about epistemological reasons such platforms have become a threat to the legacy media.
Relocation of the Rohingya Refugees to Bhasan Char
Authors: Shohel M. Mahruf C. , Rashedujjaman SM , Akter Tahmina
Published: March 2024

This chapter explores the government policy of relocating the Rohingya refugees from Cox's Bazar to Bhasan Char from the perspectives of human rights and refugee rights. Drawing from existing literature and diverse discourses, it explores the complexities surrounding this issue. The transfer of some Rohingya refugees to Bhasan Char by the government of Bangladesh has raised concerns among human rights activists and development workers about potential human rights violations and the safety of these displaced individuals. This chapter aims to critically analyse the issues related to the Rohingya refugee crisis, like mass political asylum, the policy of non-refoulement, violence against humanity, and the impact of the Bangladeshi government's decision to relocate the Rohingya refugees on their human rights, in light of the concepts involved in international law.
A Review of the Pre- and Post-COVID-19 Effects on the Tourism and Entertainment Industries
Authors: Das Saumendra , Rao N. V. J. , Mishra Dwipanita , Bansal Rohit
Published: March 2024

The outbreak of the deadly coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) miserably ruined the desire and expectations of everyone in the entire world. The severity of the virus not only affected the health of an individual but also pushed the world economy into disaster. Most of the countries subsided it through temporary lockdown and partially secured human life by employing vaccines and other remedies. However, the impact of Covid-19 was considered a challenge for many in terms of survival and sustainability. Hence this chapter has attempted to identify several issues about the impact of Covid-19 and provided some intelligent solutions for sustainable recovery. In this regard, the study has chosen two industries, i.e. tourism and entertainment, which contribute to a balanced economy for the growth and development of any nation. The impact study of Covid-19 will be helpful for academicians, researchers, and policymakers to identify the problems and to overcome the challenges associated with the epidemic through intelligent solutions.
Implication of Artificial Intelligence in Hospitality Marketing
Authors: Das Iva Rani , Talukder Mohammad Badruddoza , Kumar Sanjeev
Published: March 2024

The chapter investigates the impact of artificial intelligence (AI) on marketing strategies in the hospitality industry. It discusses how AI technologies like machine learning, natural language processing, and computer vision have transformed customer interactions. The chapter emphasizes the importance of AI in learning and adapting to customer behavior and standards, highlighting its significant role in the industry. This chapter explores the practical applications of AI in the hospitality industry, highlighting its potential in creating unique customer profiles and providing personalized tips. Predictive analytics reveals AI's ability to anticipate vacation patterns and enable dynamic pricing, enabling businesses to adapt to market changes. The chapter emphasizes the marketing significance of augmented and virtual reality, highlighting their potential to provide immersive experiences and influence customer decisions through virtual tours. The chapter concludes by highlighting the industry's progress in AI and the need for further research.
Innovative Methods of Waste Reduction in the Food Production Department of Hotels and Restaurants
Authors: Semwal Rajeev , Bairwa Mahesh Kumar , Tripathi Nandita , Chauhan Anubhav
Published: March 2024

The resort and restaurant meal production departments' creative waste-reduction solutions for sustainability and culinary operations are examined in this book chapter. Innovative operational and environmental conservation techniques are assessed for feasibility. The study optimises procurement and reduces stock using cutting-edge generation, inventory control, and statistical analytics. It discusses how real-time monitoring might help avoid overpurchasing's environmental impact. The authors discuss nose-to-tail and root-to-stem cooking. Case studies from major institutions indicate these tactics reduce food waste and improve dining experiences. Human considerations include waste minimization and worker training. The chapter emphasises accountability and awareness to build a sustainable culinary team culture. To help hospitality workers reduce waste, this ebook offers various unique methods. As culinary operations prioritise sustainability, this participation encourages superb alternatives and environmentally responsible practices in inns and restaurants.
Trash to Treasure
Authors: Hassan Viana Imad , Basheer Shakeel , Abou Fayad Simon
Published: March 2024

Businesses across industries are rapidly implementing green methods in today's green economy to not only minimize their environmental footprint but also improve their bottom line. The hotel sector is no exception, as it strives to adopt sustainable methods. Recycling is one such method that has the potential to provide major benefits to the hotel industry. This book chapter seeks to fill that void by examining the critical role of recycling in enhancing hotel operations and contributing to their economic growth. To accomplish this goal, this research applies a thorough waste-audit technique across five diverse hotel locations, allowing us to delve into the nuances of their waste management processes. Following that, a thorough cost-benefit analysis is carried out, based on the findings of the waste audits. This analysis not only throws light on the financial benefits that hotels may obtain from recycling, but it also stresses the need to incorporate sustainable practices into their operations.
Research on English Classroom Teaching Programs in Colleges and Universities Based on Wireless Communication Technology Support in the Context of 5G
Authors: Zhang Min
Published: March 2024

The purpose of this article is to investigate how 5G and wireless communication technologies (5G+WCT) might be applied to English language classroom programs in higher education. The paper describes the complimentary roles of 5G and wireless communication technologies in English language teaching, includes student data collecting and standardization as part of the pre-processing, and optimizes the teaching system using an enhanced ant colony algorithm (BACO). Furthermore, the thesis delineates diverse approaches to verify and assess the program's efficacy. Through the creation of cutting-edge instructional strategies and data collection techniques, this study fosters innovation in English language instruction in higher education. The study offers promise for real-world application and is significant for raising student success, instructional quality, and educational efficacy. However, since 5G technology is still developing, the results of this study could not be applicable in the future or would need to be updated.
A Semantic Web-Based Approach for Bat Trajectory Reconstruction With Human Keypoint Information
Authors: Jin Zechen , Zheng Yida , Liu Jun , Yu Yang
Published: March 2024

Restoring the trajectory of a bat from a table tennis match video is critical in analyzing a table tennis technique and conducting statistical analysis. However, directly bat location detection in each frame is challenging due to changing shapes caused by varying movement directions and speeds, leading to ambiguity. This paper develops a novel two-stage method. The first stage utilizes YOLO for bat detection in each frame, followed by filtering out erroneous candidate boxes. In the second stage, the authors use a temporal prediction model that integrating human keypoint information and interpolation to reconstruct a complete bat trajectory with minimal errors. The method's effectiveness and performance are evaluated on our video datasets. The evaluation results demonstrate that the proposed method outperforms traditional methods on precision performance metrics. The error screening algorithm improves precision score to nearly 1. In addition, the method has the recall score 22.3% higher than YOLO 's and also 1.4% higher than that of YOLO with cubic spline interpolation.
Advanced Coring System: A Disruptive Technology for Real-Time Logging While Coring, Saving Rig Time and Revolutionizing Operations in Abu Dhabi, UAE
Authors: Nunez Ygnacio , Nuaimi Mouza Ali Al , Hammadi Aref Al , Radovanovic Anna , Berger Per Erik , Mätzel Arne
Published: March 2024

Oil and Gas research dates to the 1860s and, ever since, continuous overtime improvements and enhancements to existing technologies have been tested and experienced. However, the quest for continuous acceleration and improvements in daily operations is extremely related to the advantages and ease of oil and gas as critical resources. Nowadays, terms related to formation and reservoir evaluation, which is the deep study of subsurface formation properties, such as lithology, porosity, permeability, and saturation, are acquired using methods such as wireline well logging, real-time logging while drilling and core analysis. The advantage of core analysis (coring) fully depends on the ability to retrieve cores as close as possible to the actual reservoir's properties so that porosity and permeability can be analyzed. This project is intended to prove the concept to core and log at the same time, thus saving rig time and increasing the accuracy of the coring points before taking a crucial decision.

The first phase of this trial as technological innovation is an Advanced Coring System (ACS), which cuts the core while logging, and contemplates gamma ray and resistivity sensors within the core Bottom Hole Assembly (BHA) itself, close to the core head.

The first field pilot was done in the Middle East during Q3 of 2022. The main objective was to guarantee that information from reservoir as per drilling program (gamma ray, inclination, vibration, temperature) was being obtained through real time data transmission while using the Intelligent Coring System (ICS). The coring assembly was successful in cutting and retrieving the desire core interval with excellent performance in comparison to standardized coring BHA in the operator company, however, the main objective of the pilot was not achieved. The MWD transmitter experienced malfunctions, hence no real-time gamma ray data was transmitted to the surface. After POOH and laying down the coring assembly, an initial investigation at the rig site showed fluid invasion into electronic components, impairing the data recovery.

The ICS is a novel technology, potentially disrupting the way coring is done today: a coring system, which combines coring and real-time formation evaluation. A second innovative technology is under development: the Downhole Convertible Drill Bit (DCDB), a system that allows downhole conversion between coring and drilling modes, thus saving a round trip every time the mode of operation is changed between drilling and coring. While initially designed for oil and gas applications, this technology can be fully used for CCS purposes, thus contributing to the green shift. This system is yet to be tested on a commercial project.
Big Data Research on Severe Asthma
Authors: Kim Sang Hyuk , Kim Youlim
Published: March 2024

The continuously increasing prevalence of severe asthma has imposed an increasing burden worldwide. Despite the emergence of novel therapeutic agents, management of severe asthma remains challenging. Insights garnered from big data may be helpful in the effort to determine the complex nature of severe asthma. In the field of asthma research, a vast amount of big data from various sources, including electronic health records, national claims data, and international cohorts, is now available. However, understanding of the strengths and limitations is required for proper utilization of specific datasets. Use of big data, along with advancements in artificial intelligence techniques, could potentially facilitate the practice of precision medicine in management of severe asthma.
Psychosocial Factors Associated With Lower Extremity Reinjury Risk in Soccer Players: Contribution of Self-Confidence and Reinjury Anxiety
Authors: Naderi Aynollah , Rahimi Mohammad , Zarghami Syed Yahya , Tranaeus Ulrika , Calmeiro Luis
Published: March 2024

Context

Despite the availability of specialized assessment tools, psychological readiness is usually not considered when deciding to return to sport (RTS) after sport injury. Reinjury anxiety, self-confidence, and functional attention may be associated with sport reinjury, making it important to evaluate these factors before RTS.

Objective

To predict lower extremity reinjury in soccer players using self-confidence, functional attention, and reinjury anxiety as predictive variables.

Design

Prospective cohort study.

Setting

Laboratory.

Patients or Other Participants

Sixty-two male soccer players, who were older than 18 years of age, suffered from lower extremity injuries, had completed the rehabilitation program, and were ready to RTS.

Main Outcome Measure(s)

Before returning to the sport, participants completed a preseason questionnaire on their previous injuries, self-confidence, reinjury anxiety, and level of functional attention. The primary outcome measured was the risk of reinjury during the upcoming competitive season, and logistic regression was used to calculate odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) to determine the association between each risk factor and reinjury.

Results

The overall reinjury rate was 5.56 injuries per 1000 hours of play. Self-confidence scores of ≤47 increased the risk of reinjury by 2.26 times (relative risk = 2.26; 95% CI, 1.31–3.91; OR = 5.00; 95% CI, 1.56–16.04), and each unit increase in self-confidence score reduced the risk of reinjury by 10% (OR = 0.90; CI, 0.82–0.99; P = .03). Regarding reinjury anxiety, a score of >22 was associated with 2.43 times the risk of reinjury (relative risk = 2.43; 95% CI, 1.44–4.13; OR = 6.46; 95% CI, 1.93–21.69), and each unit increase in reinjury anxiety score increased the risk of injury by 45% (OR = 1.45; CI, 1.13–0.87; P = .004).

Conclusions

Increased reinjury anxiety and decreased self-confidence are associated with higher odds of lower extremity reinjury in male soccer players. To reduce the risk of reinjury, athletic trainers and sport psychologists should take these psychological factors into account when evaluating the psychological readiness of soccer players with a history of lower extremity injury to RTS.
Influence of Anterior Talofibular Ligament Injury and Ankle Anterior Displacement on Symptoms in Individuals With Chronic Ankle Instability
Authors: Kobayashi Takumi , Koshino Yuta , Takahashi Kaiyou , Hanesaka Yu , Tanaka Shinnosuke , Tsuda Toshiki , Hasegawa Kazuki , Teramoto Atsushi
Published: March 2024

Context

Repeated ankle sprains can lead to injuries, including those of the anterior talofibular ligament (ATFL); however, the extent to which these ligament injuries are associated with symptoms of chronic ankle instability (CAI) remains unclear.

Objective

To examine the influence of ATFL injury and ankle anterior displacement on symptoms of CAI.

Design

Case-control study.

Setting

University laboratory.

Patients or Other Participants

A total of 122 of 426 college students who completed a questionnaire on the history of ankle sprain were enrolled in healthy (n = 34; 24 men, 10 women; age = 20.6 ± 0.5 years), coper (n = 49; 38 men, 11 women; age = 20.2 ± 1.2 years), and CAI groups (n = 39; 24 men, 15 women; age = 20.1 ± 1.1 years).

Main Outcome Measure(s)

One examiner measured the ATFL delineation using ultrasound and anterior ankle displacement using a capacitance-type sensor device. The Cumberland Ankle Instability Tool was applied to assess pain and perceived instability.

Results

The ATFL was normal more frequently in the healthy group and abnormal more frequently in the CAI group (χ2 = 18.45, P < .001). Anterior ankle displacement was greater in the coper and CAI groups than in the healthy group (both, P < .001), but no difference was observed between the coper and CAI groups (P = .16). We observed no correlation between the anterior ankle displacement and Cumberland Ankle Instability Tool scores (r = −0.004, P = .71) in participants with previous ankle sprains.

Conclusions

Observation of an abnormal ATFL on ultrasonography was associated with anterior displacement of the ankle joint. However, the influence of anterior ankle displacement due to damage to the ATFL on the pain and perceived instability in CAI was assumed to be small.
What We Can Learn about Multiculturalism from Latin American Psychology
Authors: Gibbons Judith
Published: March 2024

Latin American psychology, although greatly under-represented in international journals, can provide important lessons for international psychologists. Mexican psychologist Rogelio Díaz-Guerrero was one of the first to describe would now be labeled an indigenous psychology. Latin American theorists such as Paolo Freire and Ignacio Martín-Baró have provided frameworks for understanding diversity and multiculturalism among groups with unequal power. Only by critical thinking and critical analysis can we understand and challenge disparate conditions. Relatedly, Latin American psychology often focuses on achieving social justice and solving practical real-world problems. Thus, community and political psychology are strengths of Latin American psychology and have made contributions to the understanding of multiculturalism and activism. Finally, the high proportion of youth in Latin American countries makes their well-being a priority and innovative research has worked to identify and promote talent among young people. Examples of Latin American contributions, personal lessons learned, and suggestions for incorporating knowledge and perspectives from Latin America are highlighted.
How Shall we all Live Together?
Authors: Berry John
Published: March 2024

There is probably no more serious challenge to social stability and cohesion in the contemporary world than the management of intercultural relations within culturally plural societies. Successful management depends on many factors including a research-based understanding of the historical, political, economic, religious, and psychological features of the groups that are in contact. The core question is “How shall we all live together?” In this paper, we seek to provide such research by examining three core psychological principles in 17 culturally plural societies. The main goal of the project is to evaluate these three hypotheses of intercultural relations (multiculturalism, contact, and integration) across societies in order to identify some basic psychological principles that may underlie intercultural relations. The eventual goal is to employ the findings to propose some policies and programmes that may improve the quality of intercultural relationship globally. The empirical findings in these 17 societies generally support the validity of the three hypotheses. Implications for the development of policies and programmes to enhance the quality of intercultural relations are discussed.
Novel PLCZ1 mutation caused polyspermy during in vitro fertilization
Authors: Tong Ke-Ya , Liu Wei-Wei , Sun Li-Wei , Liu Dong-Yun , Xiang Ye-Zhou , Li Chong , Chai Lu-Wei , Chen Ke , Huang Guo-Ning , Li Jing-Yu
Published: March 2024

Failure of oocyte activation, including polyspermy and defects in pronuclear (PN) formation, triggers early embryonic developmental arrest. Many studies have shown that phospholipase C zeta 1 (PLCZ1) mutations cause failure of PN formation following intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI); however, whether PLCZ1 mutation is associated with polyspermy during in vitro fertilization (IVF) remains unknown. Whole-exome sequencing (WES) was performed to identify candidate mutations in couples with primary infertility. Sanger sequencing was used to validate the mutations. Multiple PLCZ1-mutated sperm were injected into human and mouse oocytes to explore whether PN formation was induced. Assisted oocyte activation (AOA) after ICSI was performed to overcome the failure of oocyte activation. We identified three PLCZ1 mutations in three patients who experienced polyspermy during IVF cycles, including a novel missense mutation c.1154C>T, p.R385Q. PN formation failure was observed during the ICSI cycle. However, injection of multiple PLCZ1
-mutated sperm induced PN formation, suggesting that the Ca2+ oscillations induced by the sperm exceeded the necessary threshold for PN formation. AOA after ICSI enabled normal fertilization, and all patients achieved successful pregnancies. These findings expand the mutational spectrum of PLCZ1 and suggest an important role for PLCZ1 in terms of blocking polyspermy. Furthermore, this study may benefit genetic diagnoses in cases of abnormal fertilization and provide potential appropriate therapeutic measures for these patients with sperm-derived polyspermy.
Utility of Bain's Circuit to Deliver Respiratory Support in a Resource-Limited Setting during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Simalti Ashish Kumar , Bansal Mehak , Parikh Badal , Jindal Aikaj , Singh Sonal
Published: March 2024

Introduction:

Patients with COVID pneumonia, who did not respond to high-flow oxygen by nonrebreathing mask (NRBM), needed additional support to deliver oxygen with pressure. We present our innovation to use Bain's circuit to deliver continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) along with 100% oxygen in patients with COVID-19 when there was a shortage of respiratory support equipment.

Materials and Methods:

It is a retrospective observational study conducted at two high-volume, government-designated, tertiary level COVID centers of Northern India, during May and June 2021. After taking informed consent from all patients included in the study, a nonventilated noninvasive ventilation (NIV) mask was used as the interface between Bain's circuit and the patient for making a tight seal. Vital parameters were recorded on admission, before putting the patient on Bain's circuit, at 30 min, and 6 h after the initiation of Bain's circuit.

Results:

Forty-five patients were enrolled in this study. There was a significant reduction in the work of breathing after the application of Bain's circuit. Vital parameters show improvement of the condition. Sensorium also showed a significant improvement after the application of Bain's circuit. Overall, 40% of patients who received Bain's circuit were weaned off to oxygen by NRBM, 31.1% of patients were bridged to NIV, and 28.9% of patients got intubated.

Conclusion:

The aim of presenting our experience is to generate interest regarding innovations in the face of crisis which may not be perfect but are practical for the situation. We do not recommend the use of Bain's circuit to provide NIV support under normal circumstances. Further studies are needed to support the use of Bain's circuit with modifications as a CPAP/NIV delivering device in selected patients.
CNKSR2-Related Developmental and Epileptic Encephalopathy with Spike-Wave Activation in Sleep: A Report of Two Additional Cases and Review of the Literature
Authors: Whitney Robyn , Go Cristina , Abushama Ahmed , Jain Puneet
Published: March 2024

CNKSR2 variants have been associated with X linked intellectual disability and epilepsy including developmental and epileptic encephalopathy with spike wave activation in sleep (D/EE SWAS) in males. We aimed to describe a sibling pair with a novel pathogenic variant in CNKSR2 with D/EE SWAS and review published cases of D/EE SWAS. A retrospective chart review and a comprehensive review of the literature were conducted. Two brothers with a novel pathogenic variant in the CNKSR2 gene (c. 114delG, p.Ile39SerfsX14) were identified. The epilepsy phenotype was similar to previous cases and was characterized by early onset seizures, nocturnal seizures (focal motor with/without impaired awareness), global developmental delay and language impairment, frontal central temporal predominant epileptiform discharges with a spike wave index >95%, and treatment resistance. However, phenotypic variability was observed and the younger brother had milder neuro developmental impairment, and the diagnosis of D/EE SWAS was made by surveillance electro encephalogram (EEG). Literature search yielded 23 cases, and their clinical/neuro physiological features are discussed. To conclude, CNKSR2 related D/EE SWAS may be early onset and occur before the age of 5 years in some. Early surveillance EEG may aid in diagnosis. Phenotypic variability was observed in our cases as well as sibling pairs in the literature, which may impact genetic counseling.
Chromosomal Duplication Syndromes: A Case Series
Authors: Panigrahi Inusha , Shariq Mohammed , Bamba Chitra , Kaur Ramandeep , Bhatt Yogita , Srivastava Priyanka
Published: March 2024

Chromosomal deletion and duplication syndromes can lead to intellectual disability, autism, microcephaly, and poor growth. Usually manifestations of duplication syndromes are milder than that of the deletion syndromes. With the availability of tests for analysis of copy number variants, it is possible to identify the deletion and duplication syndromes with greater ease. We report 32 cases of chromosomal duplication syndromes, identified in children presenting with developmental delay, intellectual disability, or microcephaly and/or additional features, at a tertiary care center on karyotyping or microarray analysis. Seven were isolated duplications, and one child had an additional smaller pathogenic deletion. Thus, duplication syndromes can have milder presentations with spectrum of dysmorphism, behavioral problems, and intellectual disability, but it is possible to diagnose easily with latest emerging high-throughput technologies.
Imaging features of concurrent scirrhous hepatocellular carcinoma and primary clear cell carcinoma of the liver: A case report and literature review
Authors: Liu Bin , Chen Feng , Li Hongjun , Chang Jing
Published: March 2024

Multiple lesions commonly appear in the liver of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and the prognosis is associated with the subtype. However, simultaneous occurrence of scirrhous HCC (SHCC) and primary clear cell carcinoma of the liver (PCCCL) has not been reported to date. The diagnosis of SHCC and PCCCL is uncommon using the traditional imaging examination methods such as ultrasound (US), computed tomography (CT), and magnetic resonance imaging. We herein summarize the imaging features of SHCC and PCCCL to provide a reference for accurate preoperative diagnosis and appropriate treatment. A 55-year-old male was diagnosed with two hepatic tumors by the US examination. On the 2nd day after the US examination, he was diagnosed with HCC with intrahepatic metastasis by enhanced CT examination. His alpha-fetoprotein level was 3272 ng/mL (reference range, 0–7 ng/mL). Two weeks after enhanced CT examination, the patient underwent hepatectomy and cholecystectomy. Pathological examination showed that the tumor in liver segments 2 and 3 was SHCC and that the tumor in liver segment 4 was PCCCL. One year postoperatively, digital subtraction angiography showed no obvious tumor staining. Five years postoperatively, enhanced CT examination showed no recurrence or metastasis. Radiologists usually diagnose multiple tumors in the liver as malignant tumors with intrahepatic metastasis. Simultaneous occurrence of SHCC and PCCCL in the liver is occasionally found. The US imaging features, CT enhancement types, and location of the tumors can help radiologists to accurately diagnose SHCC and PCCCL, allowing clinicians to choose appropriate treatment.
Multifocal tuberculosis presenting as a scrotal mass
Authors: Mara Dondo , Diallo Ibrahima Dokal , Steiner Jean , Bensmaili Mustapha , Alayan Karim , Mokkedem Madani , Abass Raed , Kadjo Sylvie , Cont Iona , Jarno Françoise , Anastasia-Levand Kim
Published: March 2024

Here, we report a young patient with multifocal tuberculosis presenting as a scrotal mass. This is a unique case because this young man’s multifocal tuberculosis presented as a right scrotal mass associated with widespread lymphadenopathy, mimicking secondary tumors.
An Overview of OpenAI's Sora and Its Potential for Physics Engine Free Games and Virtual Reality
Authors: Chen Zuyan , Li Shuai , Haque Md. Asraful
Published: March 2024

Sora, OpenAI's latest text-to-video model, is particularly skilled at understanding the physical world, and all of the content it generates mostly consistent with the laws of physics. This indicates that Sora already has the beginnings of a world model and has the potential to become an excellent physics engine in the near future. This paper analyses and explains in detail the potential applications of Sora in physics engines and virtual reality. In addition, its advantages and disadvantages over traditional physics engines are compared based on its unique behavioural characteristics. Finally, it looks forward to the application of Sora in other fields.
Analysis of the implementation of teletraining and teleIEC in healthcare services: Case study
Authors: Saavedra Sarita , Pinedo Lloy , Peña Tamara
Published: March 2024

INTRODUCTION: Following the COVID-19 pandemic, telemedicine and telehealth have emerged as crucial technological resources for providing medical care and enhancing the competencies of healthcare professionals.OBJECTIVES: Analysing the implementation of Teletraining and TeleIEC in the healthcare services of Hospital II-2 Tarapoto in Peru.METHODS: A basic descriptive study with a mixed cross-sectional approach was conducted. The sample consisted of 266 healthcare specialist professionals and 4293 beneficiaries divided into three groups: healthcare personnel, healthcare students, and community members. The techniques employed included record analysis and surveys, with instruments consisting of a data registration form and a virtual questionnaire.RESULTS: In 2020, only 18% of professionals participated in teletraining and teleIEC activities. By August 2023, this figure had increased to 38%. It is also evident that the majority of professionals participating in these services as of 2023 were physicians (44%), followed by psychologists (16%), nurses (13%), and nutritionists (11%), reflecting limited participation from dentists (2%), obstetricians (1%), among others.CONCLUSION: The implementation of teletraining and teleIEC has a positive impact through the strengthening of competencies among professionals, students, and the general public, with learning levels reaching the second and third levels according to Bloom's taxonomy, namely comprehension and application.
Graphical image of Trisomy Ultrascan related Total edge magic labelling
Authors: Pradeepa A , Shanmuga Sundaram O V , Pushpalatha N
Published: March 2024

INTRODUCTION: The goal of this research is to investigate child syndromes at the overall level using total edge magic labelling. luckily discussed with chromosomal diseases consisting of Down's syndrome, the syndrome of Edwards, and Patau syndrome.
OBJECTIVES: Ultrasound is used to check for Patau's, Edwards, and Down syndrome between 11 and 14 weeks of pregnancy. These syndromes can be determined before the baby is born. The name for trisomy 21 or Down syndrome. Trisomy 18 or Edwards syndrome; trisomy 13 or Patau syndrome.
METHODS: The ultrasound screen test was converted to a graphical image, and Total edge magic labelling was implemented. A bijection from VUE to the numbers, {1, 2, 3, … p+q} with the characteristic that each everybody uv Ɛ E, Γ(u)+ Γ(uv)+ Γ(v) = Ψ for some constant Ψ, is known as Total edge magic labelling.
RESULTS: The results of this test will determine the baby’s type of trisomy. This study's impartial was to assess the efficacy of screening for 21, 18, and 13 trisomies at the 12-week mark in pregnancy.
CONCLUSION: The intended audience of this paper is a man or woman with a chromosomal disorder who should know about the health of their ancestors. A couple can go for genetic counselling and then plan for a baby.
A class of Hessian quotient equations in de Sitter space
Authors: Gao Jinyu , Li Guanghan , Ma Kuicheng
Published: March 2024

In this paper, we consider the closed spacelike solution to a class of Hessian quotient equations in de Sitter space. Under mild assumptions, we obtain an existence result using standard degree theory based on a priori estimates.
Monge–Kantorovich interpolation with constraints and application to a parking problem
Authors: Buttazzo Giuseppe , Carlier Guillaume , Eichinger Katharina
Published: March 2024

We consider optimal transport problems where the cost for transporting a given probability measure

\mu_{0}

to another one (

\mu_{1}

) consists of two parts: the first one measures the transportation from

\mu_{0}

to an intermediate (pivot) measure

\mu

to be determined (and subject to various constraints), and the second one measures the transportation from

\mu

to

\mu_{1}

. This leads to Monge–Kantorovich interpolation problems under constraints for which we establish various properties of the optimal pivot measures

\mu

. Considering the more general situation where only some part of the mass uses the intermediate stop leads to a mathematical model for the optimal location of a parking region around a city. Numerical simulations, based on entropic regularization, are presented both for the optimal parking regions and for Monge–Kantorovich constrained interpolation problems.
Evaluation of Etiologic Agents of Lower Respiratory Tract Infections in Children Hospitalized Just Before Normalization of COVID-19
Authors: Yıldırım Sema , Sarı Kardelen , Koç Mehmet , Öcal Demir Sevliya
Published: March 2024

Lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs) are one of the most common causes of hospitalization among children in the earlychildhood period. Knowing the pathogens that cause pneumonia, its management will be more exact and effective. In this study,we aimed to investigate the frequency of pathogens causing LRTIs in children at the end of the COVID-19 pandemic by performinga real-time multiplex polymerase chain reaction (RT-MPCR) test within our hospital. We included two hundred forty-seven children,aged between 1 month and 18 years, diagnosed with LRTIs, and hospitalized between May 2021 and April 2022. Demographiccharacteristics and clinical and laboratory findings were retrospectively collected from patients’ hospital records. Of the 247 childrendiagnosed with LRTIs, 153 (61.9%) were female. At least one pathogen was identified in the nasopharyngeal swap specimens of218 (88.3%) patients, and 74.9% (n=185) of them were viruses. The most common identified pathogens were respiratory syncytialvirus (24.7%), human bocavirus (21.1%), and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (15.4%). 7.7% of identifiedpathogens were bacteria. Haemophilus influenzae was the most commonly detected bacteria. Despite a lengthy period of isolatingthe community causative agents of pneumonia, their frequency remains unchanged from before the isolation time. RT-MPCR isbeneficial for the early detection of pathogens and in the prevention of unnecessary antibiotic usage.
The Regional and Municipal Reform in Norway: The Naming Processes Botolv Helleland
Authors: Helleland Botolv
Published: March 2024

The paper discusses the choice and treatment of names in connection with the regional reform in Norway. The first stage of the reform was adapted in 2017, implying that the number of counties were to be reduced from 19 to 11, and the number of municipalities from 426 to 358. Following the change of government, a second reform was adapted in 2022 entailing a partial return to the former county structure with 15 counties. The choice of names of the new regions has been central to the political process and created a lot of debate. In the discussion about naming, reference was made to the Act on place names, which has rules about the spelling. Several new names have replaced traditional names such as Innlandet ‘the inner part of the country’ for the two former counties of Hedmark and Oppland. The consideration of inherited names has been set aside several times because local politicians have favored “advertising” names, such as the new county name Vestland and the municipal names Fjord and Færder. It is though likely that most of the new names will be accepted given time. But also, in the event of future changes in the county and municipal structure, there will be room for disagreement when it comes to the naming process.
Metonymy in Settlement Names
Authors: Hough Carole
Published: March 2024

Settlement names in Britain are traditionally categorised as habitative names, topographical names, or folk names, depending on whether their generic elements denote buildings, landscape features, or groups of people. As has long been recognised, the third type represents metonymic transfer, with the name of a group of people being transferred to the name of their settlement. This paper argues that a majority of habitative names represent a different type of metonymy, variously designated ‘domain expansion’, ‘source-in-target’ or part for whole metonymy in linguistic scholarship. By this process, a term for a single building or other aspect of the settlement is applied to the whole settlement. The paper goes on to argue that a further type of metonymy, often designated part for part metonymy, is represented in topographical names, where a term for a landscape feature is applied to an adjacent settlement which forms part of the same conceptual domain. The argument is contextualised through a brief overview of metonymy in other areas of the onomasticon, and the paper concludes by proposing a new typology of settlement names. According to this model, the only literal (non-metonymic) settlement names are those whose generic element is a term denoting the entire settlement.
On the Place Names of the Old Spiš County
Authors: Kenyhercz Róbert
Published: March 2024

The old Spiš county was one of the northernmost counties of the medieval Hungarian kingdom, located right on the border of the Polish kingdom. In this paper, I give an overview of the place name system of this area. The organization of the county dates back to the beginning of the 13th century, and although archaeological findings indicate that some parts of the area had been inhabited earlier, our place-name data have only survived from that period. Between the 13th century and the end of the Middle Ages, Spiš was a multilingual area where Slavs, Hungarians and Germans lived side by side and together. Because of this linguistic diversity, place names were created in different languages, and some names have been loaned to other languages. The purpose of this paper is to briefly summarize the linguistic processes that have affected the formation and evolution of place names in the county. For this, I use the methods of etymology, toponym reconstruction and the analysis of toponym system. At the same time, I also pay attention to the characteristics of the sources that preserve the place-name data and try to consider the possibilities and limitations of linguistic-ethnic reconstruction.
Cultural Contact: An Anthropological Perspective on Toponyms in Aotearoa New Zealand’s Otago Region
Authors: Leysen Brittnee
Published: March 2024

Socio-onomastics is a growing field of research which began as a sub-discipline in onomastics, where we consider the social, cultural, and situational field in which names are used (Ainiala, 2016). Although the methodology of socio-onomastics often overlaps with well-known methods in anthropology, such as the use of ethnography for qualitative data, it is important to recognise other methods and theories that anthropology can offer onomastic studies. A discussion of the use of trans-cultural diffusion versus anthropo-geographic points of view from the anthropological perspective can provide deeper insight into the cultural impact of toponyms, for example. In this paper, I will seek to engage with the work of founding anthropology scholars, such as Franz Boas, Bronislaw Malinowski, and Claude Levi-Strauss, whose methodology and theories will be evaluated for their value in toponymic study. Specifically, this paper will focus on the Otago region of New Zealand’s South Island to demonstrate anthropological perspective in the study of toponyms. Using anthropological methodology, including anthropo-geographic methods, this paper is concerned with what new information we can glean from the Otago namescape about toponym formation. On a larger scale, what can a combined approach of anthropology and onomastics offer us in the way of new theories to evaluate, classify, and interpret toponyms, particularly in a multicultural setting? By engaging with these concerns, we aim to better understand how the anthropological perspective can enhance our understanding of toponyms, and of Pākehā-Māori cultural contact, in colonial New Zealand.