bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Prevention of fraud in procurement of goods and services based on e-procurement
Authors: Mansyuri M. Ikhwan , Ramadhan Muh. Syahru
Published: February 2025

The government's practice of procuring goods and services is still vulnerable to fraud and needs to be addressed. This research aims to determine the factors that can influence efforts to prevent fraud in e-procurement-based procurement of goods and services. The data in this research were obtained from the results of distributing questionnaires to employees of the Procurement Services Unit (ULP) office and the Dompu Regency BPKAD Office. Sampling in this research used a purposive sampling method. Next, the research data was tested using multiple regression testing. This research can prove that the variables of technology utilization, internal control systems, employee ethics, and religiosity can influence the prevention of fraud in the procurement of goods and services. The research results can be used as a reference for evaluating the use of information technology and the application of SPI to make it more optimal. Apart from that, it is also necessary to consider human resources, in this case employees, to be able to maintain good ethics and religiosity as the basis for actions at work to avoid various deviant or unlawful actions.
Islamic Law Reform: Achieving Grace through Tahlil & Tawasul
Authors: Caswito  , Yahya Zainul Muarif  , Abdul Aziz
Published: February 2025

The study's originality lies in its balanced approach to the highly debated practices of tahlil and tawasul within Indonesian society. Unlike previous works that often align strictly with these practices' legalistic critique or cultural defense, this research comprehensively explores these practices, integrating legal and societal perspectives. By employing a qualitative, descriptive exploratory method supported by an extensive literature review, the study goes beyond the surface-level debates to uncover the more profound cultural and social significance of tahlil and tawasul. The study fills a gap in the existing literature by addressing the lack of nuanced discourse on these practices, particularly regarding their evolution from religious rituals associated with death to broader expressions of local wisdom and community bonding. It offers a fresh perspective on how these practices can be understood as religious customs and vital elements of social cohesion and cultural identity in Indonesia. Furthermore, the study bridges the divide between opposing views by advocating for mutual respect and recognizing tahlil and tawasul as part of the rich tapestry of Islam in the country. This approach contributes to the ongoing conversation about the role of local traditions in Islamic practice, promoting a more inclusive understanding that acknowledges the diversity of religious expression within the Muslim community.
COVID and free speech: the impact of COVID-19 and ensuing measures on freedom of expression in Council of Europe member states
Authors: Noorlander Peter
Published: February 2025

In the article Peter Noorlander analyzes the following challenges to implementation of the right to freedom of expression during the COVID-19 pandemic: public disorder and violence against journalists; restrictions on media implemented by permanent legislation; excessive measures to combat disinformation; immense financial pressure on media due to a collapse of advertising and other income; numerous criminal cases against journalists critical of the government; vulnerability of journalistic sources to confidentiality breaches; and more. Actions of Council of Europe member states reveal existing vulnerabilities in legislation and affect the structure of interaction between human and government. Democratic values which are a foundation of all civilized existence must be protected in a situation of rapidly changing reality. Free speech is an indicator of the degree of achievement of these values. It allows expression of critical views about the established structures of the society. By restricting freedom of speech, governments may lose not only the existing achievements of the civilized world but regress to earlier stages of development. The author concludes that the adoption of these restrictions and methods against disinformation is a serious violation of fundamental human rights, particularly freedom of expression. The author finds a solution to the problem in an alternative to a purely imperative regulatory approach, namely, ensuring safety and security of journalists, close cooperation with media associations for long-term support, ensuring that any emergency response measures are based on the requirements of Article 10 of the Convention, public and prompt condemnation of all acts of violence against journalists, creation of an environment enabling quality journalism, and promotion of media and informational literacy.
Impact of digitalization on international human rights standards and States’ obligations to comply with them
Authors: Alisievich Ekaterina , Nikolaev Andrey , Keburiya Kristina
Published: February 2025

Digitalization is a process of transformation of common things to a qualitatively new level relevant to current realities, in which technical progress has affected all spheres of human life. It has particularly also changed the approaches to the implementation of human rights and freedoms. In scientific and practical circles there is an essential discussion concerning so-called “digital” human rights. The need to determine the legal nature of “digital” human rights comes to the fore: are they new human rights or should we talk only about the same recognized rights realized online? The authors of this scientific article share the latter point of view, according to which “digital” human rights do not create new rights but are only a different environment for traditional human rights’ application. In the same vein, the question applies to universal and regional human rights mechanisms, which do not speak about the emergence of new rights but about the expansion of the realization of human rights and their transfer to the online space. At the same time, traditional human rights remain essentially unchanged while specific forms of their implementation in the digital environment appear. Digitalization does not create new, qualitatively different obligations for observing “digital” human rights for States and other subjects of international law. Thus one can positively assert the importance of the development of digital technologies which make it possible to globally expand the scope of human rights and freedoms and create an open space via the Internet which allows faster and more accurate access to information, including human rights, and makes it easier and borderless to communicate and express opinions freely. However, this phenomenon also has negative sides, reflected primarily in the increase of monopolies, both State and private, on the Internet and the related violation of the private life of Internet users.
Gestión y disposición final de medicamentos caducos: un problema económico y de salud pública
Authors: Saturno-Hernández Pedro Jesús , Quiroz-Razo Ramón
Published: February 2025

Objetivo. Analizar la normatividad y disponibilidad de datos para valorar volumen, disposición final y costo de los medicamentos caducos (MC) en México. Material y métodos. Se describe el marco jurídico aplicable en función de un flujograma lógico. Para indagar en la disponibilidad de datos se consultaron las páginas del Gobierno de México relacionadas con el tema y se realizaron 46 solicitudes de información a instancias federales y estatales a través de la Plataforma Nacional de Transparencia. Adicionalmente, se buscaron en Compranet contratos relacionados con desecho de medicamentos (2019-2023). Resultados. El manejo de MC como residuo peligroso está regulado por cinco leyes generales, siete normas y otros documentos oficiales; implica a dos secretarías, varios organismos de éstas y a las unidades con farmacia. No existen datos oficiales sobre MC, aunque su existencia está normada. Las respuestas más frecuentes por transparencia indican incompetencia o inexistencia de datos. En Compranet se identificó un solo contrato específico para disposición de MC en cinco años. Conclusión. No hay evidencia de cumplimiento de la normativa encontrada. La ausencia de registro y disponibilidad de datos sugiere un escaso control sobre las implicaciones económicas y medioambientales de los MC. Es necesario un manejo transparente y responsable con el medio ambiente, mecanismos de control y gestión integral.
Estrategia educativa innovadora basada en TIC para el control del Aedes aegypti
Authors: Yáñez-Santaolalla Jair , Arenas-Monreal Luz , Lloyd Linda S , Betanzos-Reyes Ángel Francisco , Gómez-Dantés Héctor
Published: February 2025

Objetivo. Evaluar la eficacia de una estrategia innovadora en el control del Aedes aegypti que emplea tecnologías de la información y la comunicación (TIC) con estudiantes de primaria. Material y métodos. Se realizó un ensayo comunitario aleatorizado en cuatro escuelas primarias de Cuernavaca, Morelos, México. Se adaptó un curso educativo por medio de diversas TIC como videos y juegos interactivos. La evaluación se realizó mediante la administración de un cuestionario de Conocimientos, Actitudes y Prácticas (CAP) basal, posinmediato y posfinal (12 semanas). Se aplicó el modelo estadístico de Diferencias en Diferencias (DID). Resultados. El Índice CAP (ICAP) del modelo multivariado reveló una diferencia significativa de 16.3% a favor del grupo intervenido (t= 8.9, IC95%: 10.5,22.1, p= 0.003). Conclusión. La estrategia basada en TIC demostró ser efectiva para mejorar el ICAP de los escolares. Estos resultados respaldan la utilidad de las TIC en la educación para la salud y contribuyen como evidencia de su aplicación en la prevención de enfermedades transmitidas por mosquitos.
Exposure to inorganic arsenic and hypertension among non-diabetic Mexican women
Authors: Rangel-Moreno Karla , López-Carrillo Lizbeth , Cebrián Mariano E
Published: February 2025

Objective. To assess the association between hypertension (HTA) prevalence and the urinary levels of inorganic arsenic (iAs) and its metabolites in north Mexican women without type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Materials and methods. We included 150 self-reported hypertensive women without T2DM, matched by age with 300 women without diagnosis of HTA and T2DM. Women were interviewed regarding lifestyle, sociodemographic, and clinical characteristics. Urinary iAs metabolites were measured by high performance liquid chromatography inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, and methylation efficiency parameters were estimated. Unconditional logistic regression models were used to evaluate the associations. Results. Total arsenic minus arsenobetaine concentrations in urine varied from 0.57 to 303.29 μg/L, with a median of 12.90 μg/L. The adjusted model showed a significant negative association between HTA prevalence and monomethylarsonic acid (MMA) percentage (OR T3 vs. T1: 0.52; 95%CI: 0.31,0.86; p for trend: 0.03) and a significant positive association with the secondary methylation index (OR T3 vs.T1: 1.94; 95%CI: 1.17,3.22; p for trend: <0.01). Conclusions. We suggest that arsenic metabolism played an essential part in these associations and recognize the need to elucidate underlying mechanisms.
Here We Go Again
Authors: Ngai Kate
Published: February 2025

In 2005, Matt Hills posed the question 'What does it mean to be a fan?' introducing the concept of the 'cyclical fan' – and individual who masters something new, then moves to another fan object. As technological advancements, such as streaming services, continue to reshape television, research on television viewing culture must adapt accordingly. This article examines how individuals engage with scripted television programmes, focusing on fan behaviours associated with their fan objects. It explores the habits of long-term, cyclical, and moderate fans, analysing their identity formation and behaviour intensity. The study proposes a shift from the concept of 'cyclical fan' to the more encompassing 'cyclical fan behaviours'. Through surveys and focus groups, this research bridges fan studies and persona studies by examining television viewing habits and fan behaviours within the framework of persona studies. Key findings include the impact evolving technology has on cyclical fan behaviours and the dichotomy of fan identification. This interdisciplinary approach offers new insights into both cyclical and persona studies contributing to our understanding of contemporary fan practices in the evolving media landscape.
Real-Time Inversion of Formation Drillability and Concurrent Speedup Strategies for Microdrilling Time Optimization
Authors: Yang Huohai , Li Zhirong , Gao Lin , Zhang Jichuan , Chen Xin , Zhang Li , Li Renze , Wang Zhichao
Published: February 2025

As the complexity of oil drilling engineering grows, real-time optimization of drilling parameters to improve efficiency and lower costs becomes an important task. In this research, we propose a novel combination of categorical boosting (CatBoost) and genetic algorithm (GA) for real-time optimization of synchronous drilling parameters with intelligent inversion of formation drillability. The intricate causal relationship between drilling parameters and drilling time is made clear by introducing the Peter-Clark (PC) causal discovery algorithm. A drilling time prediction model is then built using this information, comparing the performance of five supervised learning models across five performance metrics. Subsequently, an intelligent inversion model was designed utilizing GA to accurately anticipate formation drillability and dynamically alter drilling parameters. In field experiments on two wells, the approach greatly increased drilling efficiency. The CatBoost model performed well through 10-fold cross-validation, with determination coefficients (R²) of 0.986 and 0.990, and effectively inverted the formation drillability that cannot be directly obtained in real time (usually calculated from logging data after drilling a well) and reduced the drilling time by about 5% and 8%, respectively, after optimization. Furthermore, the Shapley additive explanation (SHAP) methodology fully quantified the impact of each parameter and enhanced the interpretability of the model. This method breaks through the traditional limitation of relying on engineers’ experience, realizes real-time drilling parameter optimization during the drilling process, and provides scientific decision support for improving drilling efficiency.
Cross-Population Analysis of Breast CancerTranscriptomics: Comparative Insights Between Caucasian and Indian Patients
Authors: Nayarisseri Anuraj , Ghosh Dipannita , Bandaru Srinivas , Kaur Navpreet , Bhati Durvi , Rathore Vasudha , Swami Radhika , Dhan Swati Smita , Kumar Abhishek , Chopra Ishita , Chaudhary Rinku , Sharma Khushboo , Prajapati Leena , Junior Francisco Jaime Bezerra Mendonça , Scotti Marcus T , Scotti Luciana
Published: February 2025

Ethnic diversity in breast cancer often results in overlapping genetic profiles, complicating prognosis despite evolving classification methods. The present study examines transcriptomic variations between Caucasian and Indian populations through a cross-population analysis to assess whether genes differentially expressed in breast cancer among Caucasian women show similar patterns in Indian women. Utilizing datasets from middle-aged Caucasian women with breast cancer (SRA Project: SRP375823), we performed RNA-seq analysis using the GATK and Tuxedo II pipelines to identify differentially expressed genes, followed by functional enrichment analysis. We identified eleven genes—mTOR, BARD1, RAD50, ADIPOQ, PMS2, ARID5B, NHERF1, SPEN, SDHB, MYH10, and APC—that were differentially expressed and significantly associated with breast cancer in the Caucasian population. To assess the impact of ethnic variability on gene expression, we analyzed the expression of the aforementioned genes associated with breast cancer in Indian breast cancer patients. We found that mTOR, BARD1, RAD50, and ADIPOQ were upregulated, and PMS2was downregulated in both populations, suggesting their universal role in breast cancer progression. However, ARID5B, NHERF1, SPEN, SDHB, and APC displayed population-specific differences, with downregulation observed only in Caucasian patients and no difference in Indian populations. These findings reveal ethnic differences in breast cancer gene expression, highlighting the need to consider both universal and population-specific variations in research and treatment strategies.
Sexual and reproductive health rights: knowledge and practice among the married women of reproductive age residing in Besishahar Municipality, Nepal
Authors: Gautam Laxmi , Adhikari Sirjana , Bist Amrit , Gautam Sujan
Published: February 2025

Background:
Married women of reproductive age can experience violations of their sexual and reproductive health rights (SRHR). Adequate knowledge and understanding of SRRs are critical to their ability to protect themselves. This study assessed the knowledge and practice of SRHR among the married women of reproductive age residing in Besishahar Municipality.
Methods:
A cross-sectional study was conducted among the 342 married women of reproductive age (MWRA) in Besishahar Municipality using a pre-tested structured questionnaire through face-to-face interview. The collected data were entered and analyzed using SPSS IBM version 16. The logistic regression model was applied to examine the factors associated with the outcome variable using an adjusted odds ratio with a 95% CI, and a p-value <0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Result:
Among the total 342 respondents, 47.7% had adequate knowledge on SRHR and 41.5% had good practice on SRHR. Women who married at an appropriate age were 2.075 times more likely to have adequate knowledge of SRHR compared to women who had early marriages (aOR=2.075, 95% CI=1.16-3.69) which was 1.82 (aOR=1.821, 95% CI=1.02-3.24) in the case of good practice. Respondents who were involved in formal sectors were 1.834 times more likely to have adequate knowledge of SRHR compared to informal sectors (aOR=1.834, 95% CI=1.15-2.90) which was (aOR=1.518, 95% CI=0.96-2.39) in case of good practice. MWRA who belonged above the poverty line were 2.511times more likely to have adequate knowledge compared to MWRA who belonged below poverty line (aOR=2.511, 95%CI=1.52-4.14). Married women of the reproductive age group who had adequate knowledge of SRHR were 3.234 times more likely to have good practice of SRHR compared to women who had inadequate knowledge of SRHR (aOR=3.234, 95% CI=1.85-6.56).
Conclusion:
A large proportion of married women of reproductive age did not have adequate knowledge about SRHR, and their practice was poor. So intervention focusing on the promotion of knowledge on SRHR is essential at the community level.
Conselho de Administração na Flexibilidade Estratégica de Empresas Familiares
Authors: Weissmantel Cristiane Wornath , Meurer Tatiane , Hein Nelson , Beck Franciele
Published: February 2025

A flexibilidade estratégica é uma importante qualidade para as empresas se manterem competitivas e atuantes, por isso entender o que está por trás dessa característica das empresas é essencial, principalmente quando se trata de empresas familiares, que prezam tanto pela continuidade dos negócios para as próximas gerações. Assim, esse estudo tem como objetivo analisar o controle da família e a composição do conselho de administração na Flexibilidade Estratégica de empresas familiares. Para tanto, esta pesquisa caracteriza-se como descritiva, survey, e com abordagem quantitativa. A amostra da pesquisa correspondeu a 109 empresas familiares brasileiras do gênero alimentício, o qual foi enviado um questionário eletrônico. Para a análise dos dados foi realizado Cluster K-means. Confirmou-se por meio do modelo empírico testado, que as empresas controladas por apenas uma família e com menor participação da família no conselho tem maior flexibilidade estratégica (Cluster 3).  Confirmou-se que mais de uma família no controle da empresa e ausência de conselho de administração resultou em menor flexibilidade estratégica (Cluster 2). O Cluster 1 é composto por empresas controladas por uma ou mais famílias e majoritariamente por empresas que têm mais membros familiares no conselho de administração. Por fim, o Cluster 3 apresentou diferença de média da flexibilidade estratégica quando comparado com o Cluster 1 e o Cluster 2. Este estudo contribuí com os gestores de empresas familiares ao proporciona insights sobre a influência da participação dos membros da família no conselho de administração e como isso está atrelado a flexibilidade estratégica.
Influência da percepção da justiça organizacional no engajamento no trabalho: interveniência da satisfação no trabalho
Authors: Oliveira Rosana Santos de , Facin Lavarda Carlos Eduardo
Published: February 2025

O estudo avalia a influência da percepção da justiça distributiva, processual e interacional no engajamento no trabalho, mediada pela satisfação no trabalho. Foi realizada uma pesquisa com 94 funcionários de escritórios de contabilidade da Região Norte. Para a análise de dados, utilizou-se uma modelagem de equações estruturais com mínimos quadrados parciais (PLS-SEM). Os resultados sugerem que a justiça distributiva exerce influência significativa e negativa no engajamento no trabalho e positiva na satisfação no trabalho. A justiça processual influencia positivamente o engajamento no trabalho, assim como a justiça interacional tem relação positiva com a satisfação no trabalho, que, por sua vez, impacta o engajamento no trabalho. Também foi possível observar uma mediação parcial da satisfação no trabalho na relação entre a justiça distributiva e o engajamento no trabalho. Em termos de contribuição teórica, o estudo explora as relações entre justiça organizacional, satisfação no trabalho e engajamento no trabalho. Em termos práticos, os resultados fornecem orientações para gestores e profissionais de recursos humanos, indicando que a promoção de ambientes de trabalho respeitosos e a valorização da satisfação dos funcionários podem aumentar o engajamento. A pesquisa é restringida a funcionários de escritórios de contabilidade na Região Norte, o que limita a extensão dos resultados para outras organizações e regiões geográficas.
SOLAX: A Python solver for fermionic quantum systems with neural network support
Authors: Thirion Louis , Hansmann Philipp , Bilous Pavlo
Published: February 2025

Numerical modeling of fermionic many-body quantum systems presents similar challenges across various research domains, necessitating universal tools, including state-of-the-art machine learning techniques. Here, we introduce SOLAX, a Python library designed to compute and analyze fermionic quantum systems using the formalism of second quantization. SOLAX provides a modular framework for constructing and manipulating basis sets, quantum states, and operators, facilitating the simulation of electronic structures and determining many-body quantum states in finite-size Hilbert spaces. The library integrates machine learning capabilities to mitigate the exponential growth of Hilbert space dimensions in large quantum clusters. The core low-level functionalities are implemented using the recently developed Python library JAX. Demonstrated through its application to the Single Impurity Anderson Model, SOLAX offers a flexible and powerful tool for researchers addressing the challenges of many-body quantum systems across a broad spectrum of fields, including atomic physics, quantum chemistry, and condensed matter physics.
Codebase release 1.0 for SOLAX
Authors: Thirion Louis , Hansmann Philipp , Bilous Pavlo
Published: February 2025

Numerical modeling of fermionic many-body quantum systems presents similar challenges across various research domains, necessitating universal tools, including state-of-the-art machine learning techniques. Here, we introduce SOLAX, a Python library designed to compute and analyze fermionic quantum systems using the formalism of second quantization. SOLAX provides a modular framework for constructing and manipulating basis sets, quantum states, and operators, facilitating the simulation of electronic structures and determining many-body quantum states in finite-size Hilbert spaces. The library integrates machine learning capabilities to mitigate the exponential growth of Hilbert space dimensions in large quantum clusters. The core low-level functionalities are implemented using the recently developed Python library JAX. Demonstrated through its application to the Single Impurity Anderson Model, SOLAX offers a flexible and powerful tool for researchers addressing the challenges of many-body quantum systems across a broad spectrum of fields, including atomic physics, quantum chemistry, and condensed matter physics.
KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDE AND PRACTICE REGARDING PHARMACOVIGILANCE AND ADVERSE DRUG REACTION AMONG DENTAL POSTGRADUATE STUDENTS AND INTERNS IN LUCKNOW: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY
Authors: Srivastava Sonalika , Singh Vandana , Patil Ranjitkumar , Srivastava Anshul
Published: February 2025

Objective:The purpose of this research paper is to evaluate the perception of pharmacovigilance and adverse drug reaction among dental postgraduate students and interns of Lucknow.

Method:After obtaining the Institutional Ethical Committee approval(No.625/Ethics/2024 dated 20/6/24),a structured self-administered questionnaire was sent via mail in the form of Google forms to the participants regarding Knowledge, Attitude and Practicetoward pharmacovigilance and adverse drug reaction. The answers were recorded in percentage and categorized as poor (0-33%), fair (34-66 %) and good (67-100%), Knowledge/Attitude/Practice of pharmacovigilance and ADR.

Results:In the present study, most dental postgraduate students and internshaveacceptable knowledge, attitude, and practice on pharmacovigilance and adverse drug reaction. There was also a favourable association discovered between pharmacovigilance training and ADR reporting by healthcare professionals.

Conclusion:In conclusion, this study found that majority of dental interns and postgraduate students had considerable knowledge and attitudes concerning pharmacovigilance and understood the need of reporting.
INVESTIGATING THE IMPACT OF PRENATAL CANNABIS EXPOSURE ON FETAL BRAIN DEVELOPMENT AND INTERGENERATIONAL OUTCOMES USING AGENT-BASED MODELING
Authors:   University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada., Kam Elizabeth , Thayaparan Pirinthiya ,   University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada., Persaud Christina ,   University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada., Kim Megan ,   University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.
Published: February 2025

Cannabis use has risen globally, driven in part by its legalization for medicinal and recreational purposes in various regions. Alarmingly, approximately 10% of women report cannabis use before pregnancy, and 4.9% during pregnancy. Despite its perceived safety, emerging evidence from clinical and preclinical studies highlights significant adverse effects associated with prenatal cannabis exposure, including reduced birth weight, heightened susceptibility to anxiety and depression, and increased drug-seeking behaviors later in life. Using the agent-based computer simulation program COBWEB, we modeled the long-term and intergenerational consequences of prenatal cannabis exposure. Our model begins with a typical healthy fetal brain. Cannabinoid exposure is simulated as the downregulation of critical gene networks, represented by diseased agents disrupting previously healthy gene interactions, thereby decreasing DRD2 mRNA expression. This approach allows us to visualize and predict the progressive effects of chronic cannabinoid exposure on neural function and behavior across successive generations. Our findings demonstrate the models capacity to simulate and accurately predict the long-term outcomes of prenatal cannabis exposure, offering new insights into the intergenerational effects of chronic cannabis use and targets of new treatments. Future work will focus on validating the model with empirical data and leveraging it to design and test novel therapeutic interventions aimed at mitigating these long-term effects.
A CASE STUDY OF LICHEN PLANUS AND ITS HOMOEOPATHIC MANAGEMENT
Authors: Sunit Shirode Kamaxi
Published: February 2025

Lichen Planus (LP)is an inflammatory and uncommon dermatosis with an unknown etiology. Morphology, Pruritic, Polygonal, Purple (violaceous), Plane (flat topped), Papules (5Ps) with Wickhams striae on surface. Most common sites are wrists and legs. A 38year-old male presented in OPD with complaints of eruptions on abdomen,back, hands and legs. Eruptions were multiple, blister like, purplish, bluish hue with intense itching. Nux Vomica and Arsenicum Album weregiven according to his presenting symptoms, and it gave marked improvement to the patient. This articles goal is to demonstrate how well homeopathy works for Lichen Planus.
The Agrarian Law of Spurius Thorius (119/118 BC?): Some Notes
Authors:   Irkutsk National Research Technical University, Lapyrionok Roman V.
Published: February 2025

This paper considers one of the key events in the course of the post-Gracchan agrarian reform when the lex Thoria agraria was passed. This law sought to counter the effects of the political crisis brought about by the agrarian reform of Tiberius Gracchus. The author puts forward a hypothesis that the so-called sententia Minuciorum, an epigraphic document which is dated to 117 BC, can be regarded as a source for the agrarian law of Spurius Thorius. The argument is based on both ancient narrative of the lex Thoria agraria (Cicero, Appian) and two well-known inscriptions from the post-Gracchan time, the Sententia Minuciorum and the agrarian law of 111 BC. The author points out that the Sententia Minuciorum is the first epigraphic document in which a rent imposed on any part of the ager occupatorius is mentioned and that a rent paid in silver is also attested in the post-Gracchan time (117 BC) for the very first time. This fact could be well combined with Appian’s narrative of three post-Gracchan agrarian laws and the lex Thoria agraria, in particular (App. BC 1. 27). In conclusion, the author points out that the enactment of the lex Thoria agraria must be regarded as an historical triumph of the large landowners in Rome, because its provisions, as discussed above, denied poor Romans (by means of land distribution) direct access to the resources of the ager publicus populi Romani.
Die Mutter als Stiefmutter: das Sassiabild in Ciceros Pro Cluentio
Authors:   Herzen State Pedagogical University of Russia, Chrustaljow Wjatscheslaw K. ,   Pskov State University
Published: February 2025

In Roman literature the negative image of a stepmother exists at least from the Late Republican times onwards. The Roman authors underline the cruelty of stepmothers and their mistreatment of stepchildren. Sometimes the amorous stepmother wants to seduce her adult stepson and, after the latter repudiates her love, begins to victimize him. In Latin declamations the noverca is often presented as a venefica who, motivated mainly by quarrels over inheritance, aims to poison her stepson (or sometimes husband; in this case she tries then to shift the blame onto the stepson). Cicero, when in 66 B. C. he defended in the court a Roman knight A. Cluentius Habitus, exploits these negative stereotypes extensively. One of the main characters in his speech Pro Cluentio is the mother of his client, Sassia, who, according to Cicero, is the true soul of the accusation against Cluentius. Cicero presents Sassia not as a mother, but as a saeva noverca who hates her own son and wants to destroy him. The skilful use of these (and some other) stereotypes, which were undoubtedly shared by a large part of Cicero’s audience, as well as corresponding literary topoi probably contributed significantly to the success of Cicero’s defence.
Entre a tradição e a disciplina: o que há de filósofo no professor de filosofia?
Authors:   , Souza Carlos Miguel da Silva
Published: February 2025

Nossa questão surge de uma inquietação íntima, de uma angústia que apavora todo aquele que se dedica profundamente a uma tarefa. Essa inquietação, quando surge, não se refere a isso ou aquilo específico da tarefa. No nosso caso, o trabalho de professor (a) de filosofia, o que preocupa não são quais conteúdos devam ser aplicados com quais métodos e técnicas de ensino. Não é a didática que nos perturba; nem a definição da grade curricular de filosofia a ser aplicada nas escolas. Também não nos cabe cobrar do (a) professor (a) um modus operandi em sala de aula. Todas essas coisas são maximamente necessárias ao gesto docente. E é ao ser professor que se devem essas preocupações e todas as outras que nos aparecem no cotidiano e na sala de aula. O que nos toca é que, percebamos ou não, cada aluno que cruza a porta da sala de aula nos coloca essa questão: o que quer dizer ser professor? Assim, a compreendemos como uma questão radical, pois que se dirige aos fundamentos daquilo que acreditamos ser. Nesta pesquisa teórico bibliográfica, onde a questão principal se faz presente no título, investigamos o ofício de professor de filosofia em relação ao estudo da tradição filosófica e seu desdobramento disciplinar, ou seja, em sala de aula. Esses aspectos não se opõem, são, pelo contrário, co-pertencentes. Para atingir este objetivo geral dispusemos nosso escrito primeiramente em um estado da arte onde estudamos a produção brasileira atual sobre o professor-filósofo; seguido por uma seção dissertativa dividida em quatro seções, onde discutimos sequencialmente: a) A questão fundamental da linguagem; b) A desconstrução do sujeito pela escritura; c) A docência em filosofia como acolhimento, hospitalidade; d) O ofício do professor de filosofia como engajamento ético-político. Como fundamento teórico, problematizamos Jacques Derrida (2017), Martin Heidegger (2012), Peter Sloterdijk (2018), Lopes e Macedo (2011), Jorge Larrosa (2018) e Brayner de Farias (2018). Se a razão, o ser racional não esgota as possibilidades de ser no mundo, a via interpretativa que se mostra para uma interpretação rigorosa do ser humano é seu habitar na linguagem. Nossas avaliações mais íntimas e os discursos aos quais aderimos sem mesmo perceber são laços, traços, tessituras interpretativas que nos constitui enquanto esse ou essa que reconhecemos pelo nosso nome. E como esses fios nunca param de se entrelaçar, tecer, cortar, romper e trançar-se, podemos também criar outras tramas. A clausura pode ser superada pela compreensão de que o ser humano é ele próprio linguagem. Nós, docentes da filosofia, temos a responsabilidade ética para com a reinterpretação das coisas. Sentido é poiesis
O perfil de professores de física e a qualidade motivacional dos alunos do ensino médio da rede pública de ensino básico
Authors:   , Sousa Francisco Antonio de
Published: February 2025

Este trabalho teve como objetivo geral avaliar e discutir o perfil motivacional de professores da rede básica de ensino de Mossoró e as correlações desse perfil com a qualidade motivacional dos discentes na disciplina de Física. As principais âncoras teóricas relacionas à Teoria da Autodeterminação e motivação para aprender, que dão sustentação a esta pesquisa, baseiam-se em Deci, Ryan (2000); Bzuneck (2010), Boruchovitch, Bzuneck, (2009); Reeve (2006); Martinelli, Bartholomeu (2007); Coelho, Vieira (2018) Boruchovitch (2008); Pizzani, Barbosa-Rinaldi, Miranda, Vieira (2016); Schwartz (2019) e entre outros. Os encaminhamentos metodológicos fundamentam-se em um tratamento de dados qualitativos. Os fundamentos metodológicos da natureza da pesquisa estão apoiados nas argumentações de Minayo (1993), Santos Filho e Gamboa (1997), Tozoni-Reis (2009), Richardson (2011). Assim, foi desenvolvido, nesta uma pesquisa de campo, apoiado na argumentação de Marconi e Lakatos (2003). A coleta de dados foi realizada mediante as seguintes etapas: (1) entrevista semiestruturada com os professores, sendo utilizado o referencial de Bzuneck (2010) acerca do perfil de aula motivacional; (2) aplicação do instrumento EMADF – Escala de Motivação: Atividades Didáticas de Física (CLEMENT; CUSTÓDIO; FILHO, 2014) que foi realizada por meio do Google Forms, obtendo 119 respostas e por último (3) entrevista semiestruturada com 11 alunos, por meio de um roteiro composto por 15 perguntas. Para o tratamento dos dados foram utilizados o referencial de Bzuneck (2010), o software IRAMUTEQ e análise de conteúdo de Bardin (2011). Como resultados, foi possível: a) identificar o perfil motivacional dos professores, b) observar o real perfil motivacional dos discentes e como se dá a interação professor-aluno e aluno-aluno; c) compreender em termos motivacionais como os alunos se comportam frente às atividades sugeridas para a disciplina de Física e d) extrair categorias que indiquem os níveis de satisfação das necessidades psicológicas inatas (autonomia, pertencimento e competência) nos alunos
A Nanocarrier Enhances the Anti-Liver Cancer Efficacy of Mitoxantrone: An Acidic Panax notoginseng Polysaccharide III
Authors: Ding Yuzhen , Wei Panpan , Xia Die , Deng Mengyue , Zhang Yingxi , Li Menglian , Chen Tong , Yan Zijun
Published: February 2025

Introduction:

The incidence and mortality rates of liver cancer are high; therefore, developing
new drug delivery systems with good biocompatibility and targeting has become a research
hotspot.

Methods:

Mitoxantrone hydrochloride (MH) loaded in acidic Panax notoginseng polysaccharide III
nanoparticles (MANPs) was prepared using electrostatic adsorption. This was achieved by loading
MH in acidic Panax notoginseng polysaccharide III (APPN III), a natural compound that exhibits
anti-tumor activity. Response surface methodology was used to determine the parameters for the best
formulation.

Results:

Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and differential scanning calorimetry indicated that
MH in MANPs was amorphous and exhibited good encapsulation efficiency in the carrier. Findings
from dynamic dialysis confirmed that MANPs exhibited slow drug release at pH 6.8 and over the pH
range of 7.2-7.4. In vitro experiments confirmed the anti-tumor effects of MANPs on H22 cells based
on the inhibition of cell proliferation and an increase in apoptosis. MANPs also demonstrated an obvious
anti-tumor effect without any toxicity in H22 tumor-bearing mice. This effect could be attributed
to APPN III enhancing the immune system and exerting a synergistic anti-tumor effect in combination
with MH, thereby alleviating MH-induced damage to the immune system in H22 tumorbearing
mice.

Conclusion:

As a nano-carrier prepared using natural resources, APPN III shows immense potential
in the field of drug delivery and could serve as a novel option for the effective delivery of chemotherapeutic
drugs.
Tumor-Associated Pericytes: Tumorigenicity and Targeting for Cancer Therapy
Authors: Tan Jiale , Yu Zihang , Pi Ruozheng , Lin Yan , Wang Wei , Chen Minfeng , Bai Xue
Published: February 2025

Pericytes, also known as mural cells, are cells embedded between endothelial cells and the
basement membrane of capillaries, where they orchestrate the morphological and functional homeostasis
of blood vessels. Within the tumor microenvironment, pericytes interact closely with various
cellular components, including tumor cells, stromal cells, and immune cells. Through these dynamic
interactions, pericytes are activated and subsequently transform into tumor-associated pericytes
(TPCs). The origin of TPCs varies depending on the tissue and tumor type, contributing to their phenotypic
and functional heterogeneity. TPCs play pivotal roles in facilitating tumor progression, metastasis,
immune evasion, and therapeutic resistance by promoting angiogenesis, engaging in reciprocal
interactions with tumor cells, remodeling the extracellular matrix, and fostering an immunosuppressive
microenvironment. This review synthesizes the latest significant advancements in targeted
therapies against TPCs. It underscores the challenges inherent in developing effective anti-TPC therapies,
which include the heterogeneity and pluripotency of TPCs, the absence of specific markers for
precise TPC targeting, and the limited understanding of how current anti-tumor therapies affect TPCs
and vice versa. This review furnishes a comprehensive understanding of the origins, markers, and
functions of TPCs, and their interplays within the tumor microenvironment, providing prospective
strategies for more effective anti-tumor therapy.
The Effect of Chrysin Nanocrystal on the Thyroid Gland of Rats Exposed to Chlorpyrifos
Authors: Farkhondeh Tahereh , Ahrari Fatemeh , Rajabi Shahnaz , Alemzadeh Effat , Mesbahzadeh Behzad , Rezaei Maryam , Ziafati Majidi Sara , Samarghandian Saeed
Published: February 2025

Background:

Chlorpyrifos (CPF) is an organophosphate insecticide that is mostly used
in agriculture for pest control.

Aim:

This investigation aimed to evaluate the possible protective role of chrysin nanocrystals on
thyroid gland hormones and histology in male rats after exposure to a high dose of chlorpyrifos.

Method:

Rats were randomly divided into 6 groups (6 rats in each group): 1. healthy control
group, 2. treated with chrysin nanocrystal (5 mg/kg), 3. treated with chrysin nanocrystal (10
mg/kg), 4. treated with chrysin nanocrystal (5 mg/kg) + chlorpyrifos, 5. treated with chrysin
nanocrystal (10 mg/kg) + chlorpyrifos, and 6. treated with chlorpyrifos (30 mg/kg). After 15 days
of intervention, rats were anesthetized, and blood samples were taken from the heart to measure
thyroid hormones. Then, the thyroid gland was isolated and stored in 10% formalin for histopathological
studies. Thyroid samples were also stored at -80 ° C for measuring oxidative stress parameters.

Result:

A significant reduction was observed in the serum concentrations of T3 and T4 in all treated
groups compared with the control group (p < 0.01). In addition, hormone level examination revealed
no statistically significant (p ˃ 0.05) changes in plasma TSH concentration in any of the
groups. The treatment with CPF and chrysin nanocrystal did not affect the levels of oxidative biomarkers
(MDA, GSH, and NO) in thyroid glands. Photomicrographs of a histological section of
the thyroid gland showed vacuolar degenerated follicle epithelium and missing colloids in the histological
section of the thyroid gland of all groups.

Conclusion:

Our findings demonstrated that the oral administration of chrysin nanocrystals could
not inhibit the toxic effect of a high dose of CPF on the thyroid gland in the rats.
Health-Promoting Lifestyle and its Predictors among Students of the University of Elbasan, Albania: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Kapaj Armela , Gaxhja Elona , Bani Blerina , Gugu Mitilda
Published: February 2025

Background

Health-promoting lifestyles play a crucial role in improving overall well-being and preventing non-communicable diseases. University students, during their transition to adulthood, often face challenges in maintaining healthy habits due to lifestyle changes, academic demands, and social pressure. Despite their importance, little is known about the adoption of health-promoting behaviors among Albanian university students. This study seeks to investigate the predictors that influence the health-related lifestyle among students at the University of Elbasan “Aleksandër Xhuvani” in Albania.

Methods

A cross-sectional study was conducted among 1,068 students at the University of Elbasan Aleksander Xhuvani, Albania, using the Health-Promoting Lifestyle Profile II (HPLP-II) questionnaire. Data were analyzed using SPSS Version 27.0, employing descriptive statistics, t-tests, and multiple regression analyses.

Results

The overall mean HPLP-II score was moderate at 129.18 ±19.617, with spiritual growth scoring the highest at 26.74 ± 4.736 and physical activity at the lowest at 16.86 ± 4.730. Physical activity (β =-0.33, p<0.001 and self-perception of full health (β =-0.15, p<0.001) were significant predictors of health-promoting behaviors. Non-health-related students scored higher in nutrition and spiritual growth than their health-related counterparts.

Conclusion

These findings reveal moderate adoption of health-promoting behaviors among Albanian students, emphasizing a need for university-targeted interventions. Programs focusing on enhancing physical activity and stress management, tailored to the student's socio-cultural context, are recommended to improve health outcomes.
Advances in Human Brain Organoids: Methodological Innovations and Future Directions for Drug Discovery
Authors: Kanupriya Kanupriya , Pal Verma Suraj , Sharma Vikram , Mishra Isha , Mishra Raghav
Published: February 2025

Background:

Understanding the genetic foundations of brain development has been
made possible by the use of traditional biological models. However, these models frequently fail
to capture the complexity of human brain development, particularly the considerable cortical expansion
that sets humans apart from other vertebrates and non-human primates.

Objectives:

The purpose of this review is to outline the methodology, applications, and potential
prospects for using human brain organoids as sophisticated models for researching brain development
and illness mechanisms.

Methods:

Organoids, or three-dimensional (3-D) structures, are generated by utilizing adult or embryonic
stem cells to mimic the main structural and functional features of the human brain. The
present investigation emphasizes the advantages of these organoids over traditional two-dimensional
(2-D) monolayer models in relation to cellular variety and the ability to create complex 3-D
networks, addressing various methods established by researchers to culture these cells.

Results:

Organoids precisely mimic numerous features of human brain development, overcoming
the limitations of conventional models. They have demonstrated significant utility in investigating
the mechanisms that contribute to neurodegenerative diseases like Parkinson’s and Alzheimer’s,
in addition to tumor biology, providing a valuable understanding of both the normal physiological
processes and the underlying cause of the human brain.

Conclusion:

Human brain organoids signify a notable progression in the field of neuroscience research,
facilitating enhanced modeling of brain disorders. Future investigations will further enhance
these methodologies and examine their applications, leading to innovative therapeutic strategies
and broadening the knowledge of human brain disorders.
Epigenetic Mechanisms in the Pathophysiology and Progression of
Epilepsy: A Comprehensive Review of Experimental and Clinical Studies
Authors: Li Yinchao , Su Zhengwei , Zhao Ke , Liu Xianyue , Chen Shuda , Yang Xiaofeng , Zhou Liemin
Published: February 2025

Epilepsy is a prevalent neurological disorder that presents with a diverse range of clinical
manifestations and etiologies influenced by both genetic and environmental factors. However, traditional
genetic mechanisms alone are insufficient to fully elucidate the pathogenesis of epilepsy, highlighting
the increasing importance of epigenetics in epilepsy research. Several studies have demonstrated
that epigenetic mechanism play a pivotal role in the development and progression of epilepsy.
This review provides a comprehensive overview of epigenetic regulation and its role in epilepsy. We
emphasize the specific role of epigenetic regulation, including DNA methylation, non-coding RNA,
and histone modification in the epilepsy. Finally, we discuss the potential applications of epigenetic
regulation in the etiology research, drug development, and personalized therapy of epilepsy, along
with the technical and theoretical challenges that need to be addressed in epigenetic research. Epigenetic
mechanisms have emerged as a promising avenue for understanding the pathogenesis and treatment
of epilepsy. However, to thoroughly grasp its potential implications for the clinical management
of this disease, a deeper understanding of the role of epigenetics in TLE is essential. Therefore, further
research is required to elucidate the specific epigenetic mechanisms involved in epilepsy, their
interactions with other disease-related factors, and their potential as therapeutic targets. Such research
could ultimately lead to the development of novel epigenetic-based therapies for epilepsy and other
related neurological disorders.