bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Didáctica universitaria en entornos virtuales. Experiencia en ciencias sociales
Authors: Araya-Muñoz Isabel , Majano-Benavides Jilma
Published: August 2022

Objetivo. Este artículo presenta el estudio empírico realizado con el objetivo de identificar la incorporación de medios tecnológicos en entornos virtuales para procesos de enseñanza-aprendizaje de la educación universitaria en ciencias sociales de la Universidad Nacional, Costa Rica. Esta investigación se enmarca en el proyecto de investigación académica: Análisis de los principios y condiciones del desarrollo científico, tecnológico e innovación en los procesos de enseñanza-aprendizaje en asignaturas de tres titulaciones de licenciatura de las Ciencias Sociales (Araya Muñoz y Majano Benavides (2019-2021) y en la ponencia del Congreso Internacional de Aprendizaje El uso de recursos tecnológicos y aplicación del aula virtual en el proceso didáctico en cursos universitarios (Araya Muñoz y Majano Benavides, 2019). Metodología. La metodología es de corte descriptivo con un enfoque metodológico mixto; se validan y aplican encuestas al estudiantado y profesorado de la Facultad de Ciencias Sociales (FCS), se revisan normativa institucional y programas de asignaturas relacionados con el objeto de estudio. Se triangulan fuentes, datos y la base teórica. Se incorpora el estudio estadístico de validez y fiabilidad de los datos que sustenta el análisis. El contexto de investigación fue la Universidad Nacional de Costa Rica, Facultad de Ciencias Sociales. La población de estudio, 220 estudiantes y 56 docentes de ocho escuelas con carreras de grado en la FCS. Resultados. Entre los resultados destacan suficientes recursos tecnológicos para las actividades de aprendizaje. El aula virtual institucional ofrece formación al público usuario y es una fortaleza en los procesos pedagógicos; sin embargo, la incorporación de dicho recurso en la mediación pedagógica es limitada; ello evidencia poco trabajo autónomo y colaborativo. Prevalece la dependencia del estudiantado hacia clases magistrales; no obstante, se reflejan competencias tecnológicas en aumento. Conclusión. Se concluye que la incorporación de medios tecnológicos en la didáctica diversifica el aprendizaje. Las personas formadoras deben atender procesos de fortalecimiento de sus competencias básicas, técnicas y tecnológicas para generar espacios multiplicadores e innovadores con sus pares y con las personas que forman parte de sus comunidades virtuales de enseñanza y aprendizaje.
Influence of polyethylene oxide (PEO) on the performance of Chinese lacquer films
Authors: Gao Renjin , Li Jiafang , Xia Jianrong , Lin Qi , Wang Liwei
Published: August 2022

The Chinese lacquer composite films were prepared by modifying raw lacquer with polyethylene oxide. The film was characterized via Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, and scanning electron microscopy. The infrared spectra confirmed the interaction between the polyethylene oxide and urushiol. The heat-resistance of the film was found to have decreased due to the presence of polyethylene oxide via thermogravimetric analysis. Additional pores and wrinkles were observed in the scanning electron microscopy image of polyethylene oxide modified lacquer films. The mechanical properties were tested according to the national standard. The results indicated that the gloss and flexibility of the modified film was enhanced by the presence of polyethylene oxide. When the ratio of polyethylene oxide was 3%, the gloss was increased from 59.8 to 81.6 and the flexibility changed from 15 mm to 1 mm. The alkaline-resistance, hardness, and adhesion were also increased via the modification of polyethylene oxide.
Experience of emergency medical services provider training using online training of trainers during COVID-19: official development assistance project in Tashkent, Uzbekistan
Authors: Mun Yongsuk , Park Joon Min , Kim Hoon , Kim Hyunjong , Kim Jungeon , Kim Ajung , Lee Yoo Bin , Jeon Woochan , Kwak Hye Weon
Published: August 2022

Objective Since onsite education is difficult due to the COVID-19 pandemic, official development assistance (ODA) projects have implemented online training of trainers (ToT) for emergency medical experts and staff. This study aims to share and discuss the ToT experience and its results in Uzbekistan.Methods We trained emergency medical advanced course instructors through online ToT among emergency medical service experts in Uzbekistan as a part of an ODA project. After the ToT, instructors were selected based on written tests, video monitoring of practice, and simulation performance. They operated the emergency medical course including lectures, practices, and simulations for 5 days. We tested the trainees through written tests before and after the course. They were surveyed regarding the course contents, its relevance, and their satisfaction with the course.Results Six instructors were selected after the online ToT program. They educated 68 emergency medical workers through the three training courses. The total score of the pretest was 129.2±34.8, and the posttest score was 170.8±31.2, which was significantly higher (P<0.05). The satisfaction calculated by adding the values of survey items for this curriculum was 28.0 (interquartile range, 26.0–30.0), and there was no statistical difference regarding trainee satisfaction between the three courses (P=0.148).Conclusion Instructors trained by online ToT programs could provide an in-person emergency medical advanced course.
Perspektywa uczniowska, rodzicielska i nauczycielska - trzy spojrzenia na edukację zdalną. Badanie w działaniu w czasie pandemii wirusa SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Piekarska Karolina
Published: August 2022

Cel. Tekst przedstawia wyniki badań zrealizowanych w okresie: grudzień 2020 – marzec 2021. Ich celem było poznanie trzech perspektyw dotyczących odbioru edukacji zdalnej  w okresie pandemii wirusa SARS-CoV-2: perspektywy uczniów klas 4-8 szkoły podstawowej, perspektywy rodziców, perspektywy nauczycieli; sformułowanie wniosków z badań  i stworzenie na ich podstawie materiału edukacyjnego ze wskazówkami dotyczącymi tego, jak można o siebie zadbać w czasie kryzysu, a także co należy uwzględnić podczas organizowania edukacji online w przyszłości. 

Metodologia. Przeprowadzone badania zostały osadzone w strategii jakościowej,  w schemacie badania w działaniu. Wybraną metodą zbierania danych był wywiad indywidualny częściowo kierowany, natomiast narzędziem: autorskie kwestionariusze wywiadu dla trzech grup: nauczycieli, uczniów oraz ich rodziców. Do badań zaproszono trzy rodziny oraz czworo nauczycieli. W rozmowach z badanymi uzyskano odpowiedzi na pytania dotyczące m.in. sposobów realizacji zajęć zdalnych, funkcji szkoły, oczekiwań, pozytywnych i negatywnych aspektów kształcenia online, samopoczucia, sfery zawodowej i życia prywatnego. Na podstawie uzyskanych informacji oraz naukowych źródeł stworzono materiał edukacyjny „Edukacja zdalna – jak się odnaleźć”. Udostępniono go w formie pdf  Kujawsko-Pomorskiemu Kuratorium Oświaty, rozmówcom oraz dziewięćdziesięciu siedmiu szkołom. 

Wyniki. Z przeprowadzonych badań wynika, że każda osoba zauważyła więcej negatywnych aspektów edukacji zdalnej niż pozytywnych, a także doświadczyła nieprzyjemnych dolegliwości zarówno ze strony fizycznego, jak i psychicznego samopoczucia. Stworzony materiał edukacyjny natomiast stał się praktyczną pomocą szczególnie dla rodziców oraz nauczycieli.

Wnioski. Edukacja zdalna niesie z sobą więcej negatywnych skutków niż pozytywnych. Obciąża swym ciężarem zarówno dzieci, jak i dorosłych, jednak szczególne zagrożenie stanowi dla rozwoju społecznego i emocjonalnego młodych ludzi.
Nowe określenia osób z zespołem Aspergera a funkcja pragmatyczna wypowiedzi środowiska osób z zespołem Aspergera. Na przykładzie jednostek leksykalnych aspi i aspergerowiec
Authors: Matkowska Agnieszka
Published: August 2022

Wprowadzenie. Użycie nowych jednostek leksykalnych aspi i aspergerowiec służy wyrażeniu intencji przełamania negatywnego stereotypu osób z zespołem Aspergera. Wspomniane wyrazy pojawiają się w kontekstach postulujących zrównanie szans osób z niepełnosprawnością intelektualną oraz przedstawienie tych osób w neutralnym świetle.
Cel. Celem artykułu jest omówienie funkcji pragmatycznej wypowiedzi zawierających leksemy aspi i aspergerowiec oraz uwidocznienie roli tych neologizmów.
Materiały i metody. Materiał badawczy to teksty internetowe, których zasób został zbudowany na podstawie korpusu monitorującego MoncoPL oraz uzupełniony o analizę zawartości stron z wyszukiwarki Google oraz Google Grafika. Przeanalizowano zarówno znaczenie jak i kolokacje leksemów aspi i aspergerowiec. Do usystematyzowania definicji badanych słów posłużyły internetowe słowniki języka polskiego. Analiza funkcji pragmatycznej wypowiedzi została przeprowadzona w oparciu o typologię aktów pragmatycznych Zbigniewa Nęckiego i Aleksego Awdiejewa.
Wnioski. Spostrzenenia zawarte w artykule mogą posłużyć za inspirację do badań nad zależnością pomiędzy motywacją tworzenia wyrazów związanych znaczeniowo z określaniem niepełnosprawności a celem i intencją nadawców, którzy ich używają.
Prymowanie starości w grze komputerowej a szybkość funkcji poznawczych
Authors: Nowicka Paulina , Kowalska Kaja
Published: August 2022

Cel. Celem eksperymentu było sprawdzenie wpływu prymowania i identyfikacji z osobą starszą na czas reakcji osób badanych. W badaniu prymowanie zostało wprowadzone poprzez ucieleśnienie podmiotu z awatarem z gry komputerowej The Sims 4. Wysunięto hipotezę, iż osoby badane grające awatarem przedstawiającym starszą osobę będą miały gorszy czas reakcji, niż osoby grające awatarem przedstawiającym osobę młodszą.
Materiały i metody. Badanie zostało przeprowadzone przy użyciu symulacyjnej gry komputerowej The Sims 4, natomiast do zbadania tempa poznawczego respondentów wykorzystano Test na czas reakcji. Dodatkowo użyto kontrolnej ankiety w celu zbadania poziomu działania manipulacji eksperymentalnej.
Wyniki. W badaniu brały udział N=32 osoby (16 kobiet i 16 mężczyzn) w wieku od 19 do 30 lat. Osoby w grupie badanej i kontrolnej uzyskały lepszy czas reakcji po manipulacji eksperymentalnej, jednak wyniki nie były istotne statystycznie. Prymowanie bodźców związanych ze starością nie pogorszyło czasu reakcji badanych. Nie uzyskano w związku z tym potwierdzenia hipotezy.
Wnioski. Badanie nie pozwala na jednoznaczne stwierdzenie skuteczności gier komputerowych oraz prymowania na funkcjonowanie poznawcze. W artykule omówiono problemy metodologiczne oraz przyszłe implikacje.
Buda, a keleties város
Authors: Papp Adrienn
Published: August 2022

Az oszmán hódítással egy teljesen új kultúra jelent meg Budán, aminek az intézményi hálózatát ekkor kellett megteremteni. Budán semmi sem volt meg, amit egy oszmán elvárt városaitól, amire a mindennapi élethez szüksége volt. Nem volt dzsámi, Korán-iskola, fürdő stb., ezeket mind létre kellett hozniuk, és az intézmények épületeket igényeltek. A jelentős új épületek, melyek oszmán stílus szerint készültek, a külvárosokban jelentek meg, a Várhegy őrizte középkori megjelenését. A Várhegyen a középkori épületek új funkciót kaptak, oszmán intézményeknek adtak teret. Elsőként a templomokból kellet dzsámit csinálni, ami azok teljes belső átalakítását jelentette. Utána sorban megtalálták a többi feladathoz rendelhető helyet, középkori épületet használtak az iskolák, a közkonyha, a fedett piac számára. Amit mindenképp újonnan kellett még a Várhegyen is megépíteni, az a fürdő és a síremlék. Ezek mind szükségesek ahhoz, hogy egy oszmán város működjön, így azt látjuk, hogy a korszak legelején mindent megépítettek vagy átalakítottak, amire szükségük volt, jelentősebb változás csak új városnegyedek kialakulása miatt tapasztalható.

A vári házakba oszmánok költöztek, bár a 16. században még 122 család élt itt, a korszak végére gyakorlatilag teljesen elköltöztek a Várhegyről a magyar lakosok. A lakóházak kisebb átalakításokon estek át, jelentős bontást és teljesen új épületegyüttes kiépítését a pasa palota esetében figyelhetünk meg.
Towards better control of chemical risks associated with mining operations in Quebec (Canada) Part 1: Repertory of chemicals used in mining
Authors: Biyick Paul-Patrice , Badri Adel , Gauthier François
Published: August 2022

As of 2020, the mining industry in the province of Quebec (Canada) has been providing 16,000 jobs, the majority of these in the north part of the province and in the Abitibi-Témiscamingue region. From the exploration phase to the mining site rehabilitation phase, numerous chemical processes are used, often involving some of the most dangerous substances used on industrial scales.

The hazards associated with many of these substances are in some cases not obvious, and symptoms of exposure may take years to appear. The risks associated with the industrial use of chemicals in Canada and abroad has long preoccupied health authorities, given the severity of the diseases that can occur. In Quebec, occupational diseases associated with exposure to industrial chemicals are reaching 1,500 cases per year.

The principal focus of this study, presented in two articles, is to set a preliminary theoretical framework for categorizing chemicals in terms of their effects on the health of workers throughout the various phases of mining projects. The objective is to decrease (over the long term) the number of occupational diseases due to the use of chemicals by raising awareness among employers and exposed workers in the mining sector.

This research was conducted in four phases. The present article contains the results of the first two stages, that is, a review of the literature to catalog the industrial chemicals used in mines and to list the potential effects of exposure to them, based on Safety Data Sheets. Eighty-five (85) chemicals used in at least one mining project phase and dozens of potential effects on worker health were identified. The rest of the study is presented in a second article [1]
Analisis Butir Soal Bahasa Arab MAS Pondok Pesantren Assalam Kampar Riau
Authors: Fahmi Bahrudin , Rizqi Syahrul , Harmeilinda Nurul Elmira
Published: August 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis butir soal mata pelajaran bahasa arab pada ujian semester bagi siswa MAS Pondok Pesantren Asaalam Kab. Kampar, Riau Tahun Ajaran 2020/2021. Setelah dilakukan penelitian dengan menggunakan metode kuantitatif deskriptif, peneliti memperoleh hasil penelitian bahwa (1) hasil Uji Daya Pembeda menunjukkan terdapat 7 soal pada kategori sangat tinggi, 9 soal pada kategori tinggi, 10 soal soal pada kategori sedang, 13 soal soal pada kategori rendah, dan 11 soal soal pada kategori sangat rendah. (2) Hasil Analisis Tingkat Kesukaran diketahui bahwa mayoritas soal-soal berada dalam kategori mudah dengan perbandingan statistiknya 43 : 7, 43 soal dalam kategori mudah dan 7 soal dalam kategori sedang. (3) Hasil Uji Validitas menunjukkan bahwa terdapat 24 soal yang berstatus valid dan 26 soal yang berstatus tidak valid. (3) Hasil Uji Reliabilitas menunjukkan bahwa soal dinyatakan sangat reliabel dengan nilai Cronbach’s Alpha 0,868.
Analisis Buku Nahwu Wadhih Juz 2 Karya Ali Al-Jarimi dan Musthafa Amin
Authors: Ahkas Akmal Walad , Mahabbah Fillah Al Lu’lu’
Published: August 2022

This study aims to analyze: 1) to find out the history of Nahwu Wadhih Juz 2 book by Ali Al-Jarimi and Musthafa Amin. 2) to find out the purpose of the Nahwu Wadhih Juz 2 book by Ali Al-Jarimi and Musthafa Amin. 3) to find out the advantages and disadvantages of the Nahwu Wadhih Juz 2 book by Ali Al-Jarimi and Musthafa Amin. This research is a type of research that is library research and is descriptive analysis. The results showed that: 1) the Nahwu Wadhih book was written by 2 great scholars in Egypt, namely Dr. Ali Al-Jarimi and Dr. Musthafa Amin and this book was first printed in 1983 M/1403 H. 2) the purpose of the Nahwu Wadhih book is to bring beginners closer to learning Arabic in an accurate way. This book is used in a number of pesantren and other Islamic religious schools, especially in modern-based pesantren. 3) Nahwu Wadhih Juz 2 book by Ali Al-Jarimi and Musthafa Amin. This book has several advantages, but is also not free from shortcomings.
Green Politics for a Better Earth
Authors: Mondal Mintu
Published: August 2022

Our blue planet provides immeasurable treasures for livelihood, and it is sensible and tolerant. We are degrading our living place for the benefit of material continuance. The material continuance gives us physical pleasures a lot. On the other hand, it creates an eroded future. In this regard, we raise the question of why we are pushing up the blue planet on the line of destruction. We have to take care of the Earth for a better future. For this cause, we have pursued a new paradigm of decision-making instrument as the 'Green Politics' to cope with the material continuance of gatherings. The Green politics question how the tangible exertion for happenings eroded our living places. Once more, it tries to maintain social justice in societies regarding Green political problems. The research paper has gone through reflective research methods.
A Review on The Biological, Physical and Chemical Mitigation of Harmful Algal Bloom
Authors: Ibrahim Nur Hanisah , Iqbal Anwar , Mohammad-Noor Normawaty , M.R. Roziawati , Yuli Yanto Dede Heri , Wilson Lee D. , Mahadi Abdul Hanif
Published: August 2022

The harmful algal bloom (HABs) refers to the rapid growth of toxic or high-biomass-producing microalgae. The impact of this phenomenon can cause significant economic loss affecting many industries and causing harm to wildlife and human health. As technology develops, greater research has been conducted to monitor and reduce HABs occurrence’s impact, including mitigating agents. This review presents the advantages and disadvantages of currently used and recently developed biological, chemical, and physical approaches to tackle issues related to HABs. The present review also emphasizes the interaction between the mitigating agents and the algal cells, thus identifying the gap of knowledge that needs to be addressed. Understanding the advantages and disadvantages of the approaches and the interaction between the mitigating agents and algal cells will enable researchers to develop a better sustainable system for managing HAB.
Antibacterial Activity of Carotenoid Pigments Produced by Heterotrophic Bacteria from Seawater in Krakal Coastal Area, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
Authors: Sidin Rina Septriani , Retnaningrum Endah
Published: August 2022

Investigating natural pigments resulting from marine bacterial secondary metabolites is important because of their broad benefits in the food, pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and textile industries. In this study, 52 isolates of pigmented bacteria were isolated from seawater in the Krakal coastal area, Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Seven bacterial isolates showed high pigment stability. Profiling of pigment extracts using a mixture of acetone and methanol with UV–Vis spectrophotometric reading showed that the compounds produced were carotenoids. The highest total carotenoid content with UV–Vis spectrophotometric reading at 480 nm was produced by the Kral-3 isolate (1800 mg/g), followed by Kral-15 (1698.9 mg/g) and Kral-25 (797.2 mg/g) isolates. Analysis of the antibacterial activity of the carotenoid extracts of Kral-3, Kral-15, and Kral-25 isolates using the agar well diffusion method revealed a very strong inhibition score against Escherichia coli. In addition, the carotenoid extract of the Kral-3 isolate showed a strong inhibition score against Staphylococcus aureus, whereas the Kral-15 and Kral-25 isolates showed moderate inhibition scores. Based on the 16S rRNA gene analysis, the Kral-3, Kral-15, and Kral-25 isolates were identified as Kocuria rhizophilla, Calidifontibacter sp., and Rhodococcus ruber, respectively. Based on the findings, the novel bacterial strains are a potential bioresource for the commercial production of natural carotenoids.
Funga faloide e floriforme (Phallales, Basidiomycota) no Estado da Bahia, Brasil
Authors: Ribeiro Mateus Santana , Cabral Tiara Sousa , Melanda Gislaine Cristina Souza , Baseia Iuri Goulart , Silva Bianca Denise Barbosa da
Published: August 2022

A ordem Phallales abriga fungos gasteroides conhecidos como chifres-fedidos, falsas trufas, gaiolas-de-bruxa e véus-de-noiva, e é caracterizada principalmente pelo cheiro fétido do basidioma, mecanismo de dispersão associado a insetos e gleba mucilaginosa. A ordem tem sido bem estudada no Brasil, com maior ocorrência nas regiões Sul e Nordeste do país. O Estado da Bahia apresenta apenas registros das espécies Abrachium floriforme e Lysurus sphaerocephalum. O objetivo deste estudo é apresentar novas ocorrências de Phallales para o Estado.  As espécies foram coletadas na Bahia, nos municípios de Elísio Medrado, Mucugê, Salvador e Uruçuca. Um espécime herborizado coletado em Lençóis foi incluído nas análises. Sete espécies foram identificadas: Abrachium floriforme, Itajahya galericulata, Mutinus caninus, M. elegans, M. verrucosus, Phallus denigricans e P. merulinus. Todas representam novas ocorrências para o Estado da Bahia, com exceção de A. floriforme. Descrições, chave de identificação, notas e fotos das espécies são disponibilizadas.
A field study on the behaviour of driven and drilled micropiles implemented in clay
Authors: Abdollahi Alireza Heydari , Ghanbari Ali
Published: August 2022

Micropiles are often implemented through drilling, steel pipe installation, reinforcement and grouting. However, in some parts of the world, especially in areas with fine-grained soils, these shafts are implemented by steel pile driving, followed by reinforcement, and grouting has been expanded considerably. In this study, micropile shafts were installed at the site by both driving and drilling methods. Reinforcement and grouting were carried out by two-step grouting and applying different grouting pressures in the micropiles. Some boreholes (at a distance of 0.3 m from the micropile axis) and test pits were drilled to investigate the penetration radius of the grout at different grouting pressures. Results showed that the bearing capacity of driven micropiles is about 4 to 14% more than that of drilled micropiles due to the soil compaction impacts. The average uniaxial compressive strength of the soil samples after micropiles grouting was dependent on the applied grouting pressure and increased from 25 to 56%. In addition, the direct shear test results showed an increase of 15% in the soil cohesion and an increase of 4° in the internal friction angle for the soil after grouting of the micropiles.
Hypoxia-Inducible Factor–Prolyl Hydroxyl Domain Inhibitors: From Theoretical Superiority to Clinical Noninferiority Compared with Current ESAs?
Authors: Locatelli Francesco , Del Vecchio Lucia
Published: August 2022

Anemia is a common complication of chronic kidney disease; it is mainly treated with erythropoiesis-stimulating agents (ESAs) and iron. Experimental studies extensively investigated the mechanisms involved in the body’s response to hypoxia and led to the discovery of the hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) pathway and the enzymes regulating its function. HIF-prolyl-hydroxyl domain (PHD) inhibitors are a new class of oral drugs developed to treat anemia in chronic kidney disease. By inhibiting the function of PHD enzymes, they mimic the exposure to moderate hypoxia and stimulate the production of endogenous erythropoietin and very likely increase iron availability. Some data also suggest that their efficacy and, consequently, dose needs are less influenced by inflammation than ESAs. Overall, data from phases 2 and 3 clinical development showed efficacy in anemia correction and maintenance for all of the class molecules compared with placebo (superiority) or erythropoiesis-stimulating agents (noninferiority). Three molecules, roxadustat, vadadustat, and daprodustat, underwent extensive clinical investigation to assess their safety on hard cardiovascular end points, mortality, and special interest events (including cancer and thrombosis). Aside from vadadustat in the nondialysis population, at the prespecified primary analyses, all three molecules met the noninferiority margin for the risk of major cardiovascular events compared with erythropoiesis-stimulating agents or placebo. The reason for this discrepancy is difficult to explain. Other safety signals came from secondary analyses of some of the other randomized clinical trials, including a higher incidence of thrombosis. A more extensive clinical experience with post-marketing data on hard safety issues is needed to define better when and how to use HIF-PHD inhibitors compared with already available ESAs.
Capital Social e Desenvolvimento Sustentável na Região do Jalapão-TO
Authors: Rodrigues Waldecy , Alves Jailane Janaina
Published: August 2022

O capital social refere-se a atributos sociais, como confiança, normas e sistemas, que contribuem para a eficiência da sociedade e é apontado por diversos pesquisadores como um dos possíveis determinantes das disparidades nos níveis de desenvolvimento entre regiões, bem como uma ferramenta para a consecução deste. Neste contexto, o objetivo desta pesquisa foi verificar se o capital social, presente na região do Jalapão-TO, pode ser considerado como uma das causas para o baixo nível de desenvolvimento dos municípios. Para tanto foi feito um estudo qualitativo baseado em pesquisa bibliográfica, documental e entrevistas semiestruturadas junto aos atores-chave da região elencados no Zoneamento Ecológico e Econômico do estado do Tocantins. Os resultados mostram que há debilidade no capital social na localidade, pois a confiança entre eles tem diminuído nos últimos anos, bem como seu interesse em participar da gestão e dos projetos governamentais, enquanto eles mesmos pouco se organizam para agir coletivamente. Entretanto, o atual estado dos indicadores de capital social na região é resultado de anos de projetos infrutíferos e pouco orientados, assim, ainda é possível incluir e integrar os sujeitos da região, lhes ampliando as oportunidades econômicas e sociais.
Relationships to land as a determinant of wellness for Indigenous women, two-spirit, trans, and gender diverse people of reproductive age in Toronto, Canada
Authors: Jubinville Danette , Smylie Janet , Wolfe Sara , Bourgeois Cheryllee , Berry Nicole S. , Rotondi Michael , O’Brien Kristen , Venners Scott
Published: August 2022

Objective

Disparities in Indigenous reproductive health reflect Canada’s historic and ongoing colonial relationship with Indigenous peoples, which includes persistent inequities in health and social services. Reproductive justice scholars and activists advocate for intersectional approaches to enhancing Indigenous health equity that recognize land as a central determinant of wellness. The purpose of this study is to examine the association between relationships to land and wellness in a study of urban Indigenous women, two-spirit, trans, and gender diverse people of reproductive age in Canada’s largest city, Toronto.

Methods

Data were obtained from the cross-sectional Our Health Counts (OHC) Toronto study, which employed respondent-driven sampling methods (n = 323) and a community-directed comprehensive health assessment survey. In an exploratory analysis, we took an Indigenous reproductive justice theoretical approach to multivariable logistic regression.

Results

After adjusting for covariates, there was a statistically significant positive association between relationships to the land and wellness that was estimated with good precision (OR 3.7, 95% CI 2.5–5.3).

Conclusion

Our findings indicate that among urban Indigenous women, two-spirit, trans, and gender diverse people of reproductive age there is a positive association between feeling strong in their relationships to land and feeling balanced in the four domains of health (physical, spiritual, mental, and emotional). The community-based, community-directed design of OHC Toronto was congruent with a reproductive justice approach to research. Reproductive justice theories are adaptable to quantitative research on Indigenous reproductive health and can yield novel insights for supporting Indigenous wellness.
Cost of arterioveinous fistula at the Douala General Hospital: A Cameroon-based cross-sectional study
Authors: Ngatchou Djomo William , Ivan Jutcha , Zakariou Njoumeni , Charles Mve Mvondo , Félicité Kamdem , Samuel Ndjoh , Marcel Johne , Junette Metogo , Marie Solange Ndom , Joseph Sango , Carole Ngo Nyom , Moulium Sidick , Viche Lade , Liliane Mfeukeu Kuaté , Richard Njock , Marcelin Ngowe Ngowe , Esther Barla , Henri Luma , Silvestra Barrena-Blazquez , Hermine Fouda , Marie Patrice Halle
Published: August 2022

Background: Cost is a major limiting factor for dialysis in low-income countries. The objective of our study was to determine the economic cost of creating an arteriovenous fistula (AVF) for hemodialysis at the Douala General Hospital (DGH). Material and methods: We conducted a descriptive cross-sectional study including patients undergoing AVF creation at the DGH from January to April 2020. Costs were calculated using a bottom-up approach. The direct cost was composed of the sum of the cost of medical consultation, additional paraclinical tests, drugs, disposables, hotel services, food, transport and medical and nursing care. The indirect cost was calculated as the sum of the costs related to the temporary incapacity to work and the additional expenses of the families. The cost of temporary work incapacity was calculated according to human capital theory. The economic cost was the sum of the direct cost and the indirect cost. The costs were expressed as a mean with standard deviation. The calculated costs were expressed in US Dollars. Statistical significance was considered as p < 0.05. Results: A total of 44 patients were included of which 29/44 (65.9%) were male. The mean age of the study population was 49.1 ± 14.7 years. The median monthly income was $172 and only 6.8% of patients had health insurance. The average direct cost per patient was $327.3 ± $212.7, with hospitalization costs accounting for 59.6% of that cost. The average indirect cost per patient was $64.5 ± $50.3. The largest proportion of these costs was due to lost productivity related to temporary work disability (45.7%). The average economic cost per patient was $391.9 ± $219.5. Direct costs accounted for 83.54% of the economic cost. Re-operation (p = 0.039), age (p < 0.01) and number of hospitalization days (p < 0.01) significantly affected the cost Conclusion: The cost of creating an AVF for hemodialysis was high and represented more than 2 times the median monthly income of patients and was mainly due to hospitalization costs. Therefore, there is a need to implement strategies to reduce the financial burden of arteriovenous fistula creation in our setting.
Effects of the ketogenic diet on muscle hypertrophy in re-sistance-trained men and women: a systematic review & me-ta-analysis v1
Authors: Vargas Molina Salvador
Published: August 2022

Reviews focused on the ketogenic diet (KD) based on the increase in fat-free mass (FFM) have been carried out with pathological populations or, failing that, without population differentiation. The aim of this review and meta-analysis was to verify whether a ketogenic diet without programmed energy restriction generates increases in fat-free mass (FFM) in resistance-trained participants.We evaluated the effect of the ketogenic diet, in conjunction with resistance training, on fat-free mass in trained participants. Boolean algorithms from various databases (PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science).
High resolution respirometry of isolated mitochondria from adult Octopus maya (Class: Cephalopoda) systemic heart v2
Authors: Karen Meza-Buendía Ana
Published: August 2022

Mitochondrial respirometry is key to understand how environmental factors model energetic cellular process. In the case of ectotherms, thermal tolerance has been hypothesized to be intimately linked with mitochondria capability to produce enough adenosine triphosphate (ATP) to respond to the energetic demands of animals in high temperatures. Recent studies made in Octopus maya proposed the hypothesis postulating that high temperatures could restrain female reproduction due to the limited capacity of the animals’ heart to sustain oxygen flow to the body, affecting in this manner energy production in the rest of the organs, including the ovarium. Until now, no reports have shown temperature effects and other environmental variables on cephalopod mitochondria activity because of the lack of a method to evaluate mitochondrial respiratory parameters on those groups of species. In this sense and for the first time, this study developed a method to obtain mitochondrial respirometry data of adult Octopus maya’s heart. This protocol illustrates a step-by-step procedure to get high yield and functional mitochondria of cephalopod heart and procedure for determining the corresponding respiratory parameters. The isolation procedures described here require two hours, demonstrating that confident and replicable results can be obtained with this method.
System of monitoring parameters of distribution grid with corrective control based on neural network
Authors:   Rybinsk State Aviation Technical University, Manin A.V. , Vyner D.B. ,   Rybinsk State Aviation Technical University
Published: August 2022

Background. As a rule, the control of compensating devices is carried out in the automatic control system with sensors of network parameters and control system included in a specific node of the electrical network. However, the general state of the electrical network in terms of reactive power flows is not considered. At present, static VAR compensators are mostly spread. They are designed on the principle of an indirect compensation system, which has several disadvantages. In this regard, to optimize reactive power flows and maintain the specified voltage values in the network nodes with an abruptly variable nature of reactive power consumption, it is necessary to stabilize the required network parameters and minimize the loss of electrical energy due to the flow of reactive power. Materials and methods. To improve the energy efficiency of corrective devices, it is proposed to use static VAR compensators based on magnetic valve elements. To generate control actions, an artificial neural network (ANN) module is introduced into the monitoring to predict the capacities of consumers. Such a neural network is based on an electrical network model described by the combined matrix method. The main processor generates control signals for corrective devices. Results. The authors have proposed to generate control signals for corrective devices by processing information received from remote voltage sensors and current sensors of the distribution grid. The proposed system for monitoring the distribution grid makes it possible to stabilize the required parameters of the network for consumers, to minimize the loss of electrical energy due to the flow of reactive power. Conclusions. The block of neural networks minimizes the emergency situations and accidents. The use of the static VAR compensators based on magnetic valve elements will additionally improve the energy efficiency of the distribution network monitoring system. The use of matrix analysis of network parameters in the distribution network of monitoring system to generate control signals for corrective devices allows optimizing networks in such a way as to minimize reactive power losses to select and install reactive power compensation devices and control them. The use of SVC based on magnetic valve elements as a corrective device improves the efficiency of reactive power compensation in networks with an abruptly variable nature of electrical energy consumption.
Development of electric drive software for coordinated control in electromechanical system
Authors:   LLC R&D Company “Rubicon – Innovation”, Polyuschenkov I.S.
Published: August 2022

Background. To operate multi-coordinate electromechanical systems require control of electric drives coordinated in time and space along each of the axes, which is called coordinated control. Thus, various computing tools and mathematical algorithms are used. They establish the baseline of the software for microprocessor control systems. At the same time, the implementation of control algorithms is limited by the computing resources of the hardware parts of control systems, including the limitations of the tools of information transmission. To consider and eliminate these limitations and thus, to improve operation of the multi-coordinate electromechanical system, the aim of the article is to update control algorithms and balance distribution of computational resources of electric drives control systems. Materials and methods. Data are presented on the software development for coordinated control of several electric drives as a part of an electromechanical system that performs coordinated motion along its axes in time and space. To synchronize the control, the following technical solutions have been applied: description of the path of the high-level controller in the form of a sequence of reference points, buffering the coordinates when received by the electric drives and subsequent interpolation. Balanced distribution of resources between the high-level controller and local systems of electric drives is carried out considering the intensity of data exchange via the network interface. When calculating the reference points by the high-level controller, approximation of the paths by line segments at time intervals of variable duration is carried out to describe the generic path within the allowable mismatch. Results. The algorithm to synchronize the system time of the electric drives and the high-level controller has been implemented to synchronize the interpolation of paths. To implement this algorithm and transfer the coordinates of reference points to electric drives, special commands are used. They have different priority levels depending on the required speed of execution. In accordance with this algorithm, software has been developed as an element of the microprocessor control system of the electric drive. Conclusions. Application of various technical tools and computational algorithms that make it possible to allocate the computing resources of the control system and rationally use them contributes to efficiency improvement, in particular, the consistency and timeliness of electric drives control as a part of multi-axis electromechanical systems. The authors have proved the efficiency of the approach of coordinated control with the use of buffering coordinates of reference points followed by interpolation of the paths depending on the system time of each of the electric drives.
Simulation of three winding power transformer in Matlab Simulink
Authors:   Perm National Research Polytechnic University (Berezniki branch), Zatonskiy A.V. , Dolgopolov I.S. ,   Perm National Research Polytechnic University (Berezniki branch)
Published: August 2022

Background. It is difficult to analyze the energy efficiency of 110 kV electrical networks due to the lack of the possibility to conduct experiments on operating equipment, namely on power transformers. The existing methods of mathematical calculation of electrical networks do not provide a wide opportunity to study the modes of 110 kV networks. Computational experiments to analyze the energy efficiency of equipment operation reduce the risks of equipment damage and injury of maintenance personnel. Also, it allows you to explore the necessary operation modes of a 110 kV electrical network, including power transformers. Materials and methods. The transformer model is developed in the Matlab virtual laboratory using the Simpowersystem toolbox. Results. The passport data of the transformer of the type TDTN-25000/110-U1 are given. The use of a star circuit instead of a T-shaped equivalent circuit is studied since the transformer has three windings. Virtual models are developed to conduct short circuit and open circuit experiments. The calculation of the magnetization curve of the transformer core is carried out. Using a new virtual model of a transformer of the TDTN-25000/110-U1 type, the processes of short circuit and open circuit are studied. The correspondence of the simulation results and the passport data of a real transformer is presented. The oscillograms of the magnetizing current inrush are obtained. They also correspond to the real ones. Conclusions. The model error in comparison with the passport data of a real transformer does not exceed 5 %. The model is recommended to be used to analyze the energy efficiency of 110 kV electrical networks. The promising trend to research the model of a power transformer is to add the voltage regulator under load as the operation condition.
Inequitable Housing Practices and Youth Internalizing Symptoms: Mediation Via Perceptions of Neighborhood Cohesion
Authors: Sadler Richard C. , Felton Julia W. , Rabinowitz Jill A. , Powell Terrinieka W. , Latimore Amanda , Tandon Darius
Published: August 2022

Disordered urban environments negatively impact mental health symptoms and disorders. While many aspects of the built environment have been studied, one influence may come from inequitable, discriminatory housing practices such as redlining, blockbusting, and gentrification. The patterns of disinvestment and reinvestment that follow may be an underlying mechanism predicting poor mental health. In this study, we examine pathways between such practices and internalizing symptoms (i.e., anxiety and depression) among a sample of African American youth in Baltimore, Maryland, considering moderation and mediation pathways including neighborhood social cohesion and sex. In our direct models, the inequitable housing practices were not significant predictors of social cohesion. In our sex moderation model, however, we find negative influences on social cohesion: for girls from gentrification, and for boys from blockbusting. Our moderated mediation model shows that girls in gentrifying neighborhoods who experience lower social cohesion have higher levels of internalizing symptoms. Likewise for boys, living in a formerly blockbusted neighborhood generates poorer social cohesion, which in turn drives higher rates of internalizing symptoms. A key implication of this work is that, in addition to standard measures of the contemporary built environment, considering other invisible patterns related to discriminatory and inequitable housing practices is important in understanding the types of neighborhoods where anxiety and depression are more prevalent. And while some recent work has discussed the importance of considering phenomena like redlining in considering long-term trajectories of neighborhoods, other patterns such as blockbusting and gentrification may be equally important.
Sanctions Compliance, or Intra-Company Risk Management Caused by Restrictions
Authors: Ershova I. V. , Enkova E. E.
Published: August 2022

The paper makes an attempt to comprehend the potential of sanctions compliance for the purpose of preventing or minimizing business risks for Russian companies under the conditions of sanctions pressure of the collective West. Based on the analysis of regulatory and doctrinal sources, it is shown that this type of compliance under consideration, on the one hand, is based on official documents and, on the other hand, it involves development of a unique system of measures taking into account the geographical, sectoral, and other specifics of the activities of a particular commercial organization. The authors define characteristic features of the modern legal regulation of the economy in Russia. The paper substantiates an opinion that the measures taken are aimed at reducing the impact of foreign sanctions, and, in the long term, they will lead to the development of the Russian commodity market, reducing the level of dependence of the domestic economy on foreign goods and technologies. Taking into account different approaches, the authors characterize a sanctions regime as either a special regime or an extraordinary regime. The conclusion is made about its subsequent transformation into an ordinary one. The paper provides understanding and meaning of sanctions compliance. It also explains conditions for the development of sanctions compliance policy by commercial organizations. The authors give a model of sanctions compliance indicating the key features of the latter and characterising various organizational forms of sanctions compliance. The authors also outline prospects for its further development in Russian companies.
Crypto Crimes amid Special Military Operation and Western Sanctions
Authors: Dolgieva M. M.
Published: August 2022

In unstable situations and in the face of poorly functioning governments, such as in Ukraine, the systemic risk of anti-money laundering remains, and digital currencies become especially attractive in these chaotic environments. After the start of Russia’s special military operation in Ukraine and against the backdrop ofincreased Western sanctions pressure, crypto activity has rapidly increased, as it aims at withdrawing funds from the world’s leading crypto exchanges and platforms, as well as the outflow of capital from the Russian Federation. In turn, the active cryptocurrency legalization of undeclared income in Russia led to serious jumps in the rate of cryptocurrencies: from their initial growth to a sharp decline. Following the results of the above studies, the author proposes a mechanism for combating illegal circulation of cryptocurrency before the adoption of legislative regulation. The author substantiates the conclusion that the task of ensuring financial security and stability of the national currency, as well as combating the legalization of criminal proceeds and the outflow of capital from the country should be solved by introducing criminal law rules on liability for illegal circulation of cryptocurrency.
Novelties in Surrogacy Arrangements Regulation in European Countries
Authors: Kolodyazhnaya A. I.
Published: August 2022

The paper analyzes some of the legal aspects of the surrogacy regulation in the most representative states of Europe. The author raises a complex moral and ethical issue of the admissibility of surrogate maternity legalization, considers various approaches to its ban (partial ban). In addition to the principles of the civil legislation of France identification, the author also assesses the existing legal regulation. This assessment is made taking into account the latest reforms in the civil legislation of France, including the negative consequences of such, for example, the impossibility of inheritance, receiving social benefits, the need to undergo an additional procedure for the adoption of a child by a woman to whom a surrogate mother gave the child. Along with the prohibitions of surrogate motherhood in France, the author refers to the jurisprudence and legislation of Germany, which follows a similar approach. On the other hand, the author examines the procedures of gratuitous surrogacy provided for in the Portuguese legislation, which became the result of another reform in the field of legal regulation of bioethics, as well as one of the most liberal regimes created in Greece.