bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Malware Behavior Analysis Using Static and Dynamic Analysis Approaches
Authors: Khalda Khansa , Wibowo Dwi Kurnia
Published: January 2025

Malware detection is a critical challenge in the evolving landscape of cybersecurity. This study explores the integration of static and dynamic analysis to enhance malware detection accuracy. Static analysis examines malware files without execution, providing insights into their metadata and structural attributes, while dynamic analysis observes behavior during execution in controlled environments. Using a dataset of 5000 samples, including ransomware, trojans, spyware, and worms, tools like IDA Pro, PE Studio, and sandbox platforms were employed. Results indicate that 87% of malware samples utilize code obfuscation to evade detection, and 95% exhibit suspicious runtime activities, such as registry modifications and encrypted network communications. A machine learning model (Deep Neural Networks, Random Forest, Support Vector Machine) trained on hybrid datasets achieved 97.8% accuracy with DNN, demonstrating superiority over single-method approaches. Challenges like high computational demands were addressed through cloud-based implementations.
Automation of Remote Laboratory Device Configuration File Management
Authors: Liandaru Putu Gde Qwat Bayu , Indriyanta Gani , Purwadi Joko
Published: January 2025

This study develops a Python-based configuration file management application to automate backup and recovery of network devices in the Universitas Kristen Duta Wacana laboratory, which uses Cisco and Mikrotik devices. The goal is to understand the impact of automation on the effectiveness of backup and recovery, support for remote configuration file management, reduction of recovery time, and its impact on operational sustainability. The Waterfall method is applied with the stages of analysis, design, implementation, testing, and evaluation, using network topology data, device information, and network protocols collected through observation, interviews, documentation, and literature studies. Testing includes scenarios of full and partial backup and recovery, error handling (credentials, lost files, unresponsive devices), and FTP server and database failure conditions on a network topology consisting of four identical blocks with Mikrotik routers and switches. The test results show that the application functions as expected, with all scenarios running smoothly without significant failures, including the ability to filter data according to parameters and detect credential errors. This system is concluded to have met the test objectives and is ready to be implemented.
Forsyth-Edwards Notation in Chess Game Clustering: A Depth-Based Evaluation
Authors: Wijayanto Feri
Published: January 2025

Chess games clustering poses the challenge of accurately grouping games with similar strategies and positions, especially when the openings are similar. Previous research has used Portable Game Notation (PGN) as a feature for clustering, but its emphasis on move order can limit position transposition. This research addresses this limitation by evaluating Forsyth-Edwards Notation (FEN), which focuses on board position, as an alternative. Hierarchical clustering with complete linkage and K-means clustering were used to analyze 100 chess games at move depths of 20, 30, 40, and 60. Both methods effectively cluster games involving the English Opening and the Queen's Gambit Declined, with FEN providing slightly better differentiation than PGN. However, challenges remain in grouping French Defence variations, especially the Poulsen Attack and variations with 6.a3, due to positional similarities. This study underlines the robustness of FEN for clustering tasks and its compatibility with hierarchical clustering, highlighting the important role of move depth. The results provide a basis for refining clustering methods and using larger data sets to deepen insights into chess strategies.
FEATURES OF ISCHEMIC STROKE IN PRESENCE OF VASCULOPATHY AND COMPENSATION ABILITIES OF THE BRAIN: A CLINICAL CASE
Authors:   City Clinical Hospital No. 7 named after M.N. Sadykov, Kazan, PERMINOVA SVETLANA K. , NAZIPOVA ALFIYA YA. ,   City Clinical Hospital No. 7 named after M.N. Sadykov, Kazan, DVORZHAK ANTON S. ,   Kazan State Medical University
Published: January 2025

Abstract. Introduction. Vasculopathies are inflammations of the walls of blood vessels, in which immunopathological
processes cause endothelial dysfunction of the vessels. Changes in endothelial dysfunction are a universal pathogenetic
mechanism for the development of ischemic circulatory disorders. Given the permanent development of ideas about
immunopathological disorders, situations may arise with the need for revising the features of the cause of acute circulatory
disorders in a particular case. Aim. To demonstrate the features of ischemic stroke in presence of vasculopathy and the
compensatory capabilities of the brain. Materials and methods. A clinical case of female patient F., 77 years old, with
vasculitis-associated ischemic stroke is presented. Results and Discussion. In vasculitis, the vascular walls are attacked
by the body’s immune system, which leads to structural disorders. Short-term exposure of the vascular wall endothelium
to the pathological factor leads to hypercoagulation, hypertonus, and production of inflammatory cytokines. It has been
proven that endothelial activation is a favorable reaction that promotes an immune response to the pathogen. Cessation
of the pathogenic stimulus leads to a rapid return of the endothelium from the activated state to the physiological one Accordingly, the course of ischemic stroke in immunopathological disorders may be atypical and, therefore, additional
diagnostic methods and therapy correction are needed, taking into account the pathogenetic factor, considering the
mechanisms of brain plasticity. Conclusions. The increasing frequency of autoimmune diseases necessitates a deeper
understanding of the mechanisms, diagnostics and treatment of acute cerebrovascular accidents. Ischemic stroke with
some existing brain processes develops with latent symptoms, which indicates the great compensation abilities of the
brain, which can be a theoretical basis for neurorehabilitation.
A CLINICAL CASE OF SUCCESSFUL SURGERY OF A SECOND-TRIMESTER PREGNANT PATIENT WITH HEREDITARY GASTROINTESTINAL POLYPOSIS COMPLICATED BY INTUSSUSCEPTIVE SMALL-INTESTINAL OBSTRUCTION
Authors:   Kazan State Medical Academy, SHAYMARDANOV RAVIL S. , GUBAEV RUSLAN F. ,   City Clinical Hospital No. 7 named after M.N. Sadykov, Kazan, BAGAUTDINOV ELDAR B. ,   City Clinical Hospital No. 7 named after M.N. Sadykov, Kazan, MELNIKOV EVGENIY A. ,   City Clinical Hospital No. 7 named after M.N. Sadykov, Kazan, FATKULLIN FARID I. ,   City Clinical Hospital No. 7 named after M.N. Sadykov, Kazan, KUROCHKIN SERGEY V. ,   City Clinical Hospital No. 7 named after M.N. Sadykov, Kazan
Published: January 2025

Abstract. Introduction. One of the complications of hereditary gastrointestinal polyposis, including Peutz-Jeghers
syndrome, is intussusception. Intussusception is the most common phenomenon in pediatric practice. This is a rare
complication in adults with hereditary gastrointestinal polyposis. Only 2-3 intussusception surgery cases related
to gastrointestinal polyposis during pregnancy were described in publications. In Russia, we have not found any
publications describing successful surgeries of second-trimester pregnant patients with hereditary gastrointestinal
polyposis complicated by small intestinal intussusception. Aim. To present a rare case of a successful surgery of a
second-trimester pregnant patient with hereditary gastrointestinal polyposis complicated by intussusceptive small-bowel
obstruction. Materials and Methods. A female patient, born in 1988, was admitted in the Gynecology Department of
City Clinical Hospital No. 7 named after. M.N. Sadykov with the diagnosis of pregnancy II, 21-22 weeks, vomiting of
pregnant women, a uterine scar, a burdened obstetric history, and mild anemia. A conservative treatment was carried
out. The patient has suffered from the gastrointestinal polyposis since her childhood; she was followed up by an
oncologist; polyps were removed endoscopically several times; the polyps were benign. Results and Discussion.
Based on the examination findings, she was transferred to the Surgery Department with subsequent surgery for acute
intussusception and small bowel obstruction and jejunal polyps. The postoperative period was complicated by the threat
of premature birth, which was stopped in the Maternity Hospital, a few months later a healthy boy was born, the patient
was subsequently examined by a surgeon, there were no complaints, the child was healthy, and recommendations
were given. Macroscopic specimens histologically: Adenomatous polyps. Thus, in our opinion, despite the histological
conclusion, the patient has PJS with a complicated course during pregnancy in form of intussusception and small
bowel obstruction. Conclusions. Intussusception due to hereditary gastrointestinal polyposis in pregnant patients is
an extremely rare acute surgical disease of abdominal organs. For diagnosis, along with clinical research methods and
abdomen radiography, ultrasound and MRI should be used. Surgery is the main treatment method for intussusception
due to hereditary gastrointestinal polyposis in pregnant patients
SEVERE ACUTE PANCREATITIS: OPTIONS OF TACTICAL APROACHES TO TREATMENT
Authors:   Kazan State Medical Academy, MALKOV IGOR S. , ZAYNUTDINOV AZAT M. ,   Kazan State Medical Academy, MAKAROV DENIS V. ,   City Clinical Hospital No. 7 named after M.N. Sadykov, Kazan, KUROCHKIN SERGEY V. ,   City Clinical Hospital No. 7 named after M.N. Sadykov, Kazan, NURIEV ILMIR I. ,   City Clinical Hospital No. 7 named after M.N. Sadykov, Kazan, GUBAEV RUSLAN F. ,   City Clinical Hospital No. 7 named after M.N. Sadykov, Kazan
Published: January 2025

Abstract. Introduction. Severe acute pancreatitis still remains a pressing issue of urgent abdominal surgery. Aim: To
provide a multifactorial analysis of managing patients with severe acute pancreatitis and assess the efficiency of the
treatment approaches used. Materials and Methods. Our study included 94 patients with severe acute pancreatitis,
aged 30 to 76 years (average age 48.6+10.1), admitted to Surgery Departments 1 and 2 of Kazan City Clinical Hospital
7 over the last 10 years. There were 58 (61.7 %) male patients and 36 (38.3 %) female patients. We did not include
patients with severe comorbid diseases, pregnant patients, drug addicts, or those refusing to be involved in our study.
Extremely severe, fulminant forms of acute pancreatitis were also excluded, namely: SOFA ≥ 7 and/or intraabdominal
pressure >25 mm Hg persisting after 48 hours from the onset of the disease. 30 (31.9%) patients were admitted within the
first 24h, 44 (46.8%) patients within 24-72h, and 20 (21.3%) within 3-5 days upon the onset. Examination of the patients
included clinical, laboratory, and imaging approaches. We used conservative methods, such as massive infusions, epidural
block, and parenteral feeding with gradually changing into enteral feeding. Minimal invasive approaches were used,
such as laparoscopy, ultrasound-controlled liquid inclusions drainage, and endoscopic main pancreatic duct stenting.
Transabdominal and extraperitoneal open surgeries were performed, as well. The findings were evaluated statistically
using Statistica 6.0. In evaluating nonparametric values, we calculated criterion χ2 (chi-squared test). Differences in the
results were considered statistically significant at p<0.05. Results and Discussion. Our analysis of current approaches
to the treatment of severe acute pancreatitis showed benefits of intensive care combined with minimal invasive surgery
performed at the onset of the disease. This allowed increasing the patients’ survival rates to 81.9 % and reducing
mortality to 18.1 %. Conclusions. Unsatisfactory treatment outcomes of severe acute pancreatitis are mostly caused
by inaccurate evaluation of the disease severity at admission and, therefore, delayed initiation of intensive care.
Perceptions about Foreignization and Domestication: A Case Study of Undergraduate Students at NUML, Islamabad
Authors: Kashif Ali  , Noor Nida , Zaid Muhammad Mobeen
Published: January 2025

The following study aims to find out the attitudes of the undergraduate students of 8th semester, studying at National University of Modern Languages, Islamabad, about the two techniques of translation, foreignization and domestication. The concept of foreignization and domestication was put forwarded by an American translation theorist, Lawrence Venuti, in 1995 in his work A Translator’s Invisibility. Two translated paragraphs of Ismat Chughtai’s short story, Do Hath, are given to the students. One is written using domestication, and the other is written leaving imprints of the source culture. The research is exploratory as interviews are conducted to corroborate the study. For analysis of interviews, Kathy Charmaz’s model of interview analysis is used. The model was given in 2012 in Charmaz’s book about the Grounded Theory. It is found that the students of the English Department of NUML, Islamabad, who have studied Translation Studies as a subject in their previous semester (7th semester), asserts that the technique of foreignization should be prioritized while translating texts from Urdu to English.
PENDAMPINGAN PRODUKSI PAVING BLOCK BERMUTU PADA INDUSTRI KECIL UD. SAFIRA TARASO
Authors: Naumar Afrizal , Aryanti Desy , Oktarina Evince , Auriellia Riafdy Luthfithary , Aqdi Afrul Moh.Wal , Rinaldi Irwandi
Published: January 2025

Industri kecil UD. Safira Taraso meproduksi paving block dengan berbagai tipe dan jenis kuat tekan, yang paling banyak di pesan konsumen adalah mutu K-250 kg/cm2 dan K-225 kg /cm2. Paving block berkualitas baik mempunyai nilai kuat tekan yang sesuai rencana dan kecil dari 10 % nilai absorbsinya menurut SNI 03 – 0691 – 1996. Pengujian kuat tekan paving block produksi UD Safira Taraso didapatkan 139.4 kg/cm2 (11.57 mpa) untuk mutu K-225 kg /cm2 dan nilai kuat tekan 140.6 kg/cm2` (11.67 mpa ) untuk K-250 kg/cm2. Material paving block terdiri dari campuran semen,pasir, batu pecah, abu batu dan air. Material ini didapatkan pada industri dan dilakukan pengujian standar di laboratorium Teknologi Beton Universitas Bung Hatta. PKM ini bertujuan untuk melakukan pendampingan dan pelatihan produksi paving block dari hasil desain campuran pada di laboratorium untuk dua kekuatan tekan diatas. Desain campuran K250 kg/cm2 didapatkan 103 buah paving block dengan material 1 zak semen, 30,7 kg pasir, 62,1 kg batu pecah , 63,6 kg abu batu dan 22,3 liter air. Desain campuran K225 kg/cm2 didapatkan 117 buah paving block dengan material 1 zak semen, 64 kg pasir, 34 kg batu pecah, 66,8 kg abu batu dan 28 liter air. Hasil desain campuran material yang didapatkan ini dilakukan pelatihan dan pendampingan pada industri kecil UD. Safira Taraso.
Kata kunci : Pavingblock, Pendampingan, kuat tekan, K225, K250
Pengaturan Hukum Terhadap Perilaku Penghindaran Pajak Oleh Perusahaan Multinasional
Authors: Abid Akbar Velayati Muhammad , Muhammad Danang Wahyu
Published: January 2025

Perusahaan multinasional merupakan hal yang sudah sangat umum di era globalisasi ini. Banyak peruabahan yang terjadi di dunia terutama di bidang ekonomi. Namun, dengan mudahnya Perusahaan multinasional ini hadir di sebuah negara, tidak hanya memberikan dampak yang positif namun juga ada dampak negatifnya. Seperti Tindakan penghindaran pajak yang dilakukan Perusahaan multinasional. Pengaturan hukum yang jelas tentu diperlukan agar perilaku penghindaran pajak dapat dicegah. Penelitian ini mengumpulkan data dan informasi dari berbagai sumber, antara lain studi literatur dan peraturan perundang-undangan yang berlaku mengenai pengaturan hukum pajak untuk Perusahaan multinasional. Hasil dari penelitian ini dapat digunakan untuk membantu memahami bagaimana pengaturan hukum yang dapat diaplikasikan terhadap perusahaan-perusahaan penghindar pajak. Hal tersebut krusial untuk memberikan kepastian hukum bagi para perusahaan multinasional yang berada ataupun melakukan kegiatannya di Indonesia.
Factors influencing sports talent development in Senior High Schools in the Upper East Region of Ghana
Authors: Apaak Daniel
Published: January 2025

Despite the increasing interest in examining predictors within sports talent development, there is a dearth of studies in the Ghanaian context. Yet, Senior High Schools (SHSs) in the Upper East Region of Ghana are expected to help talented student-athletes grow their potential. This necessitates empirical research on factors that predict sports talent development within the Ghanaian context. Against this background, this study examines factors influencing sports talent development in SHSs in the Upper East Region of Ghana. Using a questionnaire, data was collected from two hundred and three (203) sports coaches (123 male and 80 female) since the core responsibility of developing sports talents lies with them. Multiple regression analysis was calculated using SPSS version 25 to identify the factors that predict the development of talents in sports. It was found that adequate sports facilities significantly made the largest contribution (β = .300, p<.05), followed by expert coaching (β = .271, p<.05), regular training (β = .260, p<.05), and family support (β = .151, p<.05). However, genetics made only small and not significant contribution. Therefore, it was recommended that coaches should encourage and guide talented athletes to train regularly to develop their talents. Again, SHSs should provide talented student-athletes with adequate sports facilities and equipment, and qualified coaches to help them develop their sports talent. Also, parents, siblings, and friends should provide support to talented student-athletes in any way possible.
Co-teaching as a strategy of implementing a Competence Based Curriculum. A case of two Teacher Training Colleges in Rwanda.
Authors: Maeresera Jones , Mutseekwa Christopher , Muyengwa Barnabas
Published: January 2025

In many parts of the world, co-teaching has been used as an alternative to lone-teaching approaches. Co-teaching entails the collaboration of two or more teachers in the planning, delivery, and evaluation of instruction. Given its flexible nature, co-teaching has been widely used in a variety of educational contexts. While research has extensively dealt with co-teaching in many contexts little is known about co-teaching that brings together expatriate teachers and local ones in settings where both collaborate to enhance the implementation of competence-based curriculum (CBC) goals. This study explored how co-teaching can be used as a tool to facilitate the cooperation of expatriate tutors and their local counterparts in the implementation of teacher training colleges (TTCs) Competency Curriculum. The study employed the qualitative research approach in which tutors from both Rwanda and Zimbabwe co-teaching in TTCs formed the purposive sample. This study employed the multiple case study design using two TTCs. Data was collected using in-depth interviews and observations. Findings from the study showed that despite somewhat positive indicators of mutual collaboration, tutors’ practices lacked a deep understanding of co-teaching and how it could be used to steer a movement from a knowledge-based curriculum to a competency-based one. Other findings showed that concurrent with workshops used to introduce the concept more robust written policies were needed to effectively guide teacher development and implementation of the CBC in TTCs. The study recommends continuous professional development for both the expatriate tutors and the locals to create a common and shared understanding of co-teaching and effective implementation of the CBC in TTCs.
Harnessing Kahoot! as an educational tool to foster meaningful teaching and learning: A systematic review
Authors: Ramaila Sam
Published: January 2025

This systematic review investigates the utilization of Kahoot! as an educational tool to facilitate meaningful teaching and learning experiences. Kahoot! is a widely used gamified platform in educational settings, known for its interactive and engaging features. Through a comprehensive analysis of existing literature, this study explores how Kahoot! enhances pedagogical practices and student learning outcomes across various educational contexts. The review synthesizes empirical evidence to identify the effectiveness of Kahoot! in promoting active participation, knowledge retention, and motivation among learners. Additionally, the study examines the challenges and limitations associated with integrating Kahoot! into teaching methodologies. The findings contribute to a deeper understanding of the potential benefits and considerations for utilizing Kahoot! as an educational tool and offer insights for educators seeking to leverage technology for meaningful teaching and learning experiences.
Emotional intelligence and self-concept as predictors of academic achievement among secondary school Chemistry students in South-East Nigeria
Authors: Samuel Nkiru Naomi , Okonkwo Ifeoma G.A. , Okonkwo Onyekachi O.
Published: January 2025

The research investigated the predictive strengths of Emotional Intelligence (EI) and Self-concept (SC), singly and jointly on academic achievement of secondary school chemistry students. The predictive research design was adopted. The sample comprised 300 SS3 students (150female, 150male) drawn through a multistage sampling technique from 10 co-education public schools in South-East, Nigeria. Instrument for data collection was a questionnaire, which has 3 sections; section A is the demographic information, section B is a 33item Emotional Intelligence inventory adapted from Shuttle {1998), while section C is a 60item Self-concept scale adapted from Rastogi (1979). Data was analysed using the standardised multiple linear regression and the hierarchical/stepwise linear regression statistical methods. Results obtained reveal that, EI and SC significantly predict academic achievement of students both singly and jointly. Influence of gender was insignificant with both EI and SC. Based on findings, it was recommended, among others that classroom practices that aid students understanding and management of emotions as well as boost their self-confidence and capability judgement should be explore, initiated and sustained.
Secondary school learners’ understanding of Namibian boys’ underachievement and under-participation in education
Authors: Zimba Roderick , Kasanda Choshi , Haihambo Cynthy , Kudumo Marius , Kapenda Assoc. Prof. Hileni , Neshila Kashinauua , Sheyapo Mirjam
Published: January 2025

To understand the manifestations of gender disparity in academic achievement between boys and girls, we conducted the Namibian boys’ underachievement in education study. In this article we present data from this study on secondary school learners’ understanding of the disparity. Using a pragmatic parallel mixed methods research design, systematic and criterion sampling techniques, we collected data by administering structured questionnaires to 4659 learners. We also conducted focus group discussions with purposefully selected learners. Some boys performed worse than girls and under-participated in education because they withdrew from learning activities, believed they could do without education, they were not interested in education, dropped out of school and did not actively participate in learning activities. Several parents undermined their sons’ educational achievement during socialization by giving them too much freedom to roam while strictly controlling the behaviour of their daughters; allowing their sons to abuse alcohol and drugs; not giving their sons responsibilities at home; not being concerned of their sons’ education, misconduct, and welfare. We have recommended that schools should establish boys’ academic intrinsic achievement motivation programmes by addressing their dysfunctional motivational attitudes, beliefs, and behaviours. Such programmes should also attend to the boys’ adverse external motivational factors such as negative peer pressure and lack of supportive family and community environments.
The educational value of using bi-lingual instructional practice in students’ Writing Skills in Entomology Course at KUE
Authors: Taye Bekau Atnafu , Barrett Angeline M.
Published: January 2025

This paper reports on small-scale action research conducted with students in the final year of their degree at Kotebe University of Education. We had identified a problem whereby students majoring in Biology tended to express their content knowledge in the form of lists rather than in coherent sentences and complete paragraphs. We consequently designed an intervention that explicitly guided the students to compose short pieces of academic writing within four scientific genres: description, comparison, components and classification. The intervention was evaluated using pre- and post-tests and a student focus group discussion involving around one third of the class. The results showed that after six weeks, all the students were able to write coherent, well-organized paragraphs using appropriate scientific language. Students attributed their improvement to the formative feedback they received throughout the six-week intervention. This small-scale study suggests that cross-curricular language support has considerable potential for developing pre-service teachers’ writing skills. However, realizing this potential requires collaboration between language and other subject teachers. We relate the findings to previous research in Tanzania, which focused on developing pre-service teachers’ pedagogic skills for supporting learners through language transition. The policy implications of using home language (in this case Amharic) as the medium of instruction in higher education institutions where English is the language of instruction should be considered for science teachers. We conclude by arguing for a joined-up approach to teacher education for multilingual education systems and suggest some priorities for further research.
Comparación in vitro del efecto antibacteriano del extracto hidroalcoholico del Borago officinalis (Borraja) versus Grindelia boliviana (Chiri chiri) contra cepas de Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 y Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212
Authors:   , Davalos Chino Claudia Cecilia
Published: January 2025

La investigación a continuación tiene como propósito comparar el efecto antibacteriano de la Borago Officinalis (Borraja) versus la Grindelia boliviana (Chiri Chiri) en las cepas de Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 y Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212 llevándolo a cabo en el laboratorio de Microbiología de la Universidad Científica del Sur y utilizando un tipo de diseño de tipo experimental. Metodología: La Borago officinalis y la Grindelia boliviana fueron preparadas para obtener los respectivos extractos hidroalcohólicos de cada una, para luego realizar un ensayo fitoquímico y, finalizar con la obtención de la actividad antimicrobiana que consistió en la Concentración Mínima Inhibitoria (CMI) y, además, la Concentración Mínima Bactericida (CMB). Los patógenos fueron proporcionados por el Laboratorio de Microbiología de la Universidad Científica del Sur. Resultados: Se pudo encontrar en cada extracto hidroalcohólico principales metabolitos como: carbohidratos, fenoles, quinonas, flavonoides, entre otros. La CMI de Borago officinalis, fue de 150 mg/mL respecto a Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli y Enterococcus faecalis y; en cambio, la CMB fue de 150 mg/mL respecto a Staphylococcus aureus y Enterococcus faecalis; no obstante, frente a la Escherichia coli no tuvo resultados porque hubo crecimiento. En caso de la CMI de Grindelia boliviana fue de 37.5 mg/ml respecto a Escherichia coli y menor de 2.34 mg/ml respecto a Staphylococcus aureus y Enterococcus faecalis; por otra parte, la CMB fue de 37.5 mg/ml respecto a Escherichia coli, 4.68 mg/ml para Enterococcus faecalis y menor de 2.34 mg/ml frente a Staphylococcus aureus. Conclusiones: Las resinas de cada extracto hidroalcohólico de la Borago officinalis y Grindelia boliviana tienen efecto antibacteriano con respecto a Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus y Enterococcus faecalis, demostrando capacidad inhibitoria frente a estos patógenos, así como también evaluar posible antimicrobianos a futuro.
EM-DAT: the Emergency Events Database
Authors: Delforge Damien , Wathelet Valentin , Below Regina , Sofia Cinzia Lanfredi , Tonnelier Margo , Loenhout Joris A.F. , Speybroeck Niko
Published: January 2025

The Emergency Events Database (EM-DAT) compiles global disaster data resulting from technological and natural hazards. EM-DAT details the human and economic impacts from 1900 to present, with systematic recording since 1988. Serving the humanitarian, disaster risk reduction, and academic sectors, EM-DAT's transition to open access and climate change concerns have expanded its reach and visibility. The dataset, freely available for non-commercial use, is downloadable in a tabular format. It is categorized by hazard type and standardized by individual disaster events for each country. With over 26,000 unique entries, the database is populated through the monitoring of textual documents and their manual processing. The data collection and validation processes involve systematic daily checks from predefined sources, searches for additional sources, and periodic thematic updates. The evolution of EM-DAT's data content mirrors societal and technological advancements in disaster reporting. Besides these progresses, known inconsistencies and biases in data quality have been reported. The article acknowledges these issues, highlighting their potential implications for research and decision-making.
Road traffic has a consistent negative impact on a wide range of bird species in different habitats
Authors: Dijk René E. van , Morel Toine , Zwerver Karen , Els Paul van , Foppen Ruud P.B.
Published: January 2025

Context. Road traffic has a major impact on the environment and numerous studies have shown how various species respond to road traffic. However, a clear picture based on large-scale studies of how complete species communities in different environments are affected by road traffic is lacking. Objectives. We assessed the distance within which road traffic negatively impacts breeding bird densities and the extent to which effect distances differ between species and habitats. We also tested how traffic intensity is associated with effect distances. Methods. We used a large dataset from protocolled breeding bird surveys of > 140,000 territories of complete breeding bird communities within 1500 m from motorways across the Netherlands. We examined effect distances of road traffic on breeding density of individual species, for various ecological species groups and for all species together. Finally, we tested how road traffic intensity influences effect distances. Results. Road traffic had a consistent negative effect on territory densities up to approximately 650 m distance from the road for different species and ecological species groups. Within road-effect zones, densities of breeding birds were significantly lower (on average 25%) than at greater distances from the road. Effect distances were positively associated with traffic intensity in various ecological species groups. Conclusions. These findings that road traffic negatively affects breeding densities in a consistent manner across species and that this effect is exacerbated by traffic intensity will be useful for policymakers to assess or predict the quantitative impact of road traffic on breeding bird populations.
Stacked AutoEncoder-based Compression of Point Cloud Geometry
Authors: Cao Xuewei , Zhou Wenbiao , Yan Shuyu , Liu Genpei
Published: January 2025

Point clouds have gained widespread application in various fields, but their high resolution often results in large data volumes, posing challenges for storage, transmission, and processing. Traditional 2D image or video compression methods are unsuitable due to the spatial irregularity and sparseness of point clouds. Inspired by the effectiveness of autoencoders in visual analysis tasks and image compression, this paper proposes a novel stacked autoencoder-based geometry compression method for point clouds. By transforming point clouds into Morton codes using a linear octree structure and further encoding them into integer sequences, the proposed method leverages stacked autoencoders to reduce the dimensions of these sequences, achieving both high reconstruction quality and high compression ratios. Experimental results demonstrate that our method outperforms many other geometry compression methods, especially for small-size point clouds. By increasing the coding depth of the linear octree, our approach can even achieve lossless compression results, showcasing its potential as an effective geometry compression technique for point clouds.
Design and optimization of energy-efficient wireless sensor networks for industrial automation
Authors: Hutaihit Maha Abbas , Badrawi Samir I. , Hameed Haider Makki , Ahmed Riyadh Khlf , Hasan Marwa Flaah , Mahmood Omar Abdulkareem
Published: January 2025

In order to improve the overall performance of edge-integrated edge IoT networks, this research introduces a combined technique based on profound learning for booking assets. If an IoT network wants to finish a task quickly and effectively, it has to get the greatest resources from the edge layer. Thorough asset booking is crucial to the identification and transfer of optimal assets. The integration of edge networks with IoT applications and the reduction of data transmission latency were previously addressed using profound learning algorithms. If we want to make an Internet of Things application more feasible and provide better service overall, we should think about other metrics like reaction time, waiting time, and bandwidth needs. Combining a convolutional neural network with a gated repeating unit in a certain manner achieves this enhanced performance. The suggested asset booking model considers the features and requirements of the assets in order to select the most suitable ones from the pool and allocate them to the IoT networks. Here, we give a comprehensive analysis of the method-data combination.
Alpha-Lipoic acid protects against the toxic effects of ethanol on the kidneys in rats
Authors: Uçmak Feyzullah , Yildizhan Eda
Published: January 2025

Alpha-lipoic acid (ALA) is a potent antioxidant and cofactor for mitochondrial enzymes. The kidneys are among the organs affected by chronic ethanol (EA) consumption. This study aimed to investigate the protective effects of ALA against kidney damage caused by chronic ethanol consumption based on histological and biochemical analyses. Twenty-eight Wistar albino rats were used in the study. Group I (Sham group): Animals received 1 cc saline orally via gavage for 4 weeks; Group II (ALA): Animals received 100 mg/kg/day of ALA orally via gavage for 4 weeks; Group III (EA group): Animals received 5 g/kg ethanol orally via gavage for 4 weeks; Group IV (EA + ALA group): Both ALA and ethanol were administered simultaneously. Urea and creatinine levels were significantly lower in the EA + ALA group compared to the EA group (p = 0.013). Increased oxidative stress markers, Total Oxidative Status (TOS), and Malondialdehyde (MDA) in the EA group triggered pro-apoptotic signaling and increased Bax expression in kidney tissues. However, the EA + ALA group showed increased expression of the anti-apoptotic marker Bcl-2. ALA demonstrated protective effects against apoptotic expressions in the kidneys. ALA provides protective effects against oxidative damage. Additionally, ALA exhibited anti-apoptotic effects in response to apoptotic signaling in the kidneys.
Brain-Guided Convolutional Neural Networks Reveal Task-Specific Representations in Scene Processing
Authors: Hansen Bruce C. , Greene Michelle R. , Lewinsohn Henry A.S. , Kris Audrey E. , Smyth Sophie , Tang Binghui
Published: January 2025

Scene categorization is the dominant proxy for visual understanding, yet humans can perform a large number of visual tasks within any scene. Consequently, we know little about how different tasks change how the is scene processed, represented, and its features ultimately used. Here, we developed a novel brain-guided convolutional neural network (CNN) where each convolutional layer was separately guided by neural responses taken at different time points while observers performed two different tasks on the same set of images. We then reconstructed each layer’s activation maps via deconvolution to spatially assess how different features were used as a function of task. The brain-guided CNN made use of image features that human observers identified as being crucial to complete each task starting around 244 ms and persisted to 402 ms. Critically, because the same images were used across the two tasks, the CNN could only succeed if the neural data captured task-relevant differences. Our analyses of the activation maps across layers revealed that the brain’s spatiotemporal representation of local image features evolves systematically over time. This underscores how distinct image features emerge at different stages of processing, shaped by the observer’s goals and behavioral context.
A Grounded Theory Investigation into the Otolaryngology Resident Learning Experience
Authors: Noonan Megan , Fullerton Zoë , Balakrishnan Karthik
Published: January 2025

Background
Otolaryngologic residency operative education is a unique process that teaches technical and reasoning skills during high-stakes situations. However, there is no consensus on what qualities of a teacher or environment create a positive surgical learning experience. This study aims to use qualitative assessment to identify key elements of effective otolaryngologic residency education.
Methods
Purposive sampling was used to select a heterogeneous cohort from our institution’s Otolaryngology department between March and December 2023. Interviewees were categorized as either “Learners” (residents) or “Teachers” (attending) and either “Junior” or “Senior.” A trained interviewer conducted semi-structured interviews until thematic saturation was reached. Constant comparative analysis using coding, memoing, and categorization was conducted using grounded theory methodology.
Results
Twenty-one participants completed interviews, averaging 42 minutes. A total of 87 codes and 15 concepts were extracted from the data. Advanced coding and theoretical integration revealed four themes that are essential to the creation of a positive teaching experience: “Investment in Learner/Education,” “Communication,” “Discerning Learner Capacity,” and “Creation of Learning Environment.” “Investment” and “Discerning Capacity” represent the ability and desire of the teacher to assess and advance learner progress during surgery. “Communication” refers to the ability to convey information clearly and succinctly. “Creation” reflects the ability of the teacher/surgeon to navigate the complex operative environment to create a safe and effective learning experience within the context of a surgical operation.
Conclusions
This study suggests that positive operative learning experiences rely on four thematic elements. A teacher's conscious attention to these elements and feedback from learners targeting them may assist in creating a more effective surgical learning environment. Further research is needed to understand the nuance of learner and teacher experience and how best to optimize and operationalize these concepts in diverse surgical educational settings.
Clinical trial number: not applicable
Empowering Energy-Efficient Resource Allocation in Mobile Networks with Deep Q-Learning Intelligence
Authors: Karthika S.
Published: January 2025

Mobile networks are in a demanding situation due to various users and requirements as well as optimization of resources to make it energy efficient. As a reaction to these challenges, this research advocates a new method based on DQL, which relies on deep reinforcement learning, for resource allocation in mobile networks. The purpose is to improve energy efficiency and throughput by applying learned intelligence into resource allocation. Achieve this by dynamically, on the basis of learned intelligence, allocating resources to the most important tasks. The proposed framework encompasses several key components: data collection for determining state of the network and user needs, infrastructural setup (including simulation environments), reinforcement learning application (for optimizing resources allocation policies), the model's architecture, training, and evaluation are carefully designed to adapt to dynamic channel conditions and diverse simulation environments. To further enhance the model's performance, additional settings and techniques can be employed The presented optimized techniques subject to DQL are finally capable of showing that the recommended resource allocation framework indeed works. After considerable improvements are experienced to end up with energy efficiency, throughput, fairness index, and capacity compared with the traditional regimes. Implementing intelligent and adaptive resource management techniques in networks represents a significant enhancement to the current state-of-the-art in smart networks, offering a valuable addition to existing capabilities. By leveraging dynamic methods, networks can optimize resource allocation, improve efficiency, and adapt to changing conditions, ultimately leading to enhanced performance, reliability, and user experience The proposed framework can be a good solution for allocating the resources of mobile networks in a way that meets the network’s performance needs promptly and steadily, which leads to efficient and sustainable network operations. From the foregoing, this study has far-reaching implications for the future of mobile communication networks, as it demonstrates the potential of deep reinforcement learning methods to revolutionize resource allocation optimization. By harnessing the power of artificial intelligence, network operators can unlock significant improvements in efficiency, performance, and user experience, ultimately paving the way for more robust, adaptive, and intelligent mobile networks that can meet the evolving demands of a connected world.
Improvement of thermal stability performance of SiO2 aerogels by MgAl2O4 nano-powder
Authors: Zhang Wenlong , Wang Bin , Xu Yuxin , Chen Xiao , Zhang Kuibao , Hao Yan
Published: January 2025

This study successfully synthesized the bulk MgAl2O4-SiO2 aerogels with excellent thermal stability using tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) and MgAl2O4 nanopowders as precursors via a sol-gel and supercritical drying process. The incorporation of MgAl2O4 powders caused a slight increase in the thermal conductivity, from 0.0312 W/m/K to 0.0322 W/m/K, but the material demonstrated excellent thermal resistance at the temperatures exceeding 800℃. After heat treatment at 1100℃ for 2 h, the MgAl2O4-SiO2 aerogels maintained a high specific surface area of 81.949 m2/g, a large pore volume of 0.575 cm3/g and a low thermal conductivity of 0.0584 W/m/K, while the pure SiO2 aerogels presented a dense structure due to viscous flow among particles and pore collapse, with a specific surface area of 0.882 m2/g, a pore volume of 0.002 cm3/g and the thermal conductivity of 0.0962 W/m/K. Additionally, the MgAl2O4 induced secondary particle aggregation, leading to larger particle sizes and coarser skeletal structures, different from the uniform pore shrinkage in the pure SiO2 aerogels. The MgAl2O4 significantly inhibited the growth of cristobalite particles during heat treatment at 1200℃ and promoted the formation of micron-scale macroporous, and lamellar structures.
Der Neophyt Ranunculus parviflorus L. im Altmarkkreis Salzwedel – neu für Sachsen-Anhalt
Authors: Brennenstuhl Günter
Published: January 2025

Es wird über ein seit 2020 bekanntes Vorkommen von Ranunculus parviflorus L. auf dem Kirchhof Mehrin (Altmarkkreis Salzwedel, Sachsen-Anhalt) berichtet. Da die Art in der gängigen Bestimmungsliteratur noch nicht verschlüsselt ist, werden die wichtigsten Erkennungsmerkmale beschrieben. Der Neophyt gilt am Fundort als lokal eingebürgert und ist als Erstnachweis für Sachsen-Anhalt zu werten.
Evidence of $\phi_0$-Josephson junction from skewed diffraction patterns in Sn-InSb nanowires
Authors: Zhang Bomin , Li Z. , Aguilar V. , Zhang P. , Pendharkar Mihir , Dempsey Connor P. , Lee J. S. , Harrington Sean David , Tan S. , Meyer J. S. , Houzet Manuel , Palmstrøm Christopher J. , Frolov Sergey M.
Published: January 2025

We study Josephson junctions based on InSb nanowires with Sn shells. We observe skewed critical current diffraction patterns: the maxima in forward and reverse current bias are at different magnetic flux, with a displacement of 20-40 mT. The skew is greatest when the external field is nearly perpendicular to the nanowire, in the substrate plane. This orientation suggests that spin-orbit interaction plays a role. We develop a phenomenological model and perform tight-binding calculations, both methods reproducing the essential features of the experiment. The effect modeled is the \phi_0ϕ0-Josephson junction with higher-order Josephson harmonics. The system is of interest for Majorana studies: the effects are either precursor to or concomitant with topological superconductivity. Current-phase relations that lack inversion symmetry can also be used to design quantum circuits with engineered nonlinearity.
Variáveis para planejamento de repositórios de objetos de aprendizagem na área da saúde:
Authors: Sales  de Souza Elisete , Sturm Trindade Carolina , Ramos de Magalhães Cleidilene , Hubert Silva Helena Terezinha
Published: January 2025

Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa que objetiva identificar as variáveis que podem interferir positivamente no planejamento de Repositórios de Objetos de Aprendizagem na Área da Saúde desenvolvidos em Instituições de Ensino Superior. A busca considerou o período de 2010 a 2020 e foi realizada nas bases de dados PubMed, Portal BVS, BDTD, Catálogo de Teses da CAPES, além dos periódicos RECIIS e RENOTE. As variáveis identificadas foram: padronização de metadados, escolha do software, customizações no software, direitos autorais, padronização de indexação, arquitetura do Repositórios de Objetos de Aprendizagem, integração do Repositórios de Objetos de Aprendizagem com Ambientes Virtuais de Aprendizagem e avaliação do Repositórios de Objetos de Aprendizagem. Conclui-se que o investimento no planejamento de Repositórios de Objetos de Aprendizagem na Área da Saúde pode auxiliar as Instituições de Ensino Superior no seu papel a cumprir o seu papel na democratização do saber através da divulgação da sua produção acadêmico-científica para a sociedade.
Estresse na pós-graduação stricto sensu:
Authors: Peixoto Maria Tatiana , Mesquita Soares Themis Cristina
Published: January 2025

Esta pesquisa objetivou identificar, segundo mestrandos e egressos da área de Planejamento Urbano e Regional/Demografia do Semiárido, os principais estressores presentes na pós-graduação stricto sensu e sua relação com a saúde discente. A pesquisa teve como base o estudo descritivo e de campo com abordagem quanti-qualitativa, análise descritiva para questões quantitativas e análise de conteúdo para qualitativas. Participaram 88 sujeitos, 43 mestrandos e 45 egressos, oriundos dos programas de Pós-Graduação em Desenvolvimento Regional e em Planejamento e Dinâmicas Territoriais no Semiárido. Além de coletar dados sobre o perfil sociodemográfico, acadêmico e profissional, aplicou-se uma lista de possíveis estressores da pós-graduação stricto sensu. A aplicação da pesquisa se deu de forma virtual, por meio de formulário do Google Forms. Os resultados revelaram que o nível de estresse da amostra estava elevado, com destaque para cinco estressores: 1) pressão interna por bom desempenho, como cobrança pessoal elevada etc.); 2) interferência da demanda dos estudos sobre outros aspectos de sua vida; 3) possibilidade de não atingir o desempenho esperado pela banca; 4) tempo para conclusão da dissertação; e, principalmente, 5) pressão por publicações.