bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Multiplication of orbital angular momentum via multi-plane light conversion
Authors: Wu Lixun , Zhong Weihang , Wu Zituo , Liang Zhouxin , He Lin , Lin Zhongzheng , Chen Hongjia , Chen Yujie
Published: January 2024

The multiplication of orbital angular momentum (OAM) modes using optical coordinate transformation is useful for OAM optical networks, but the scalability of this scheme is limited by the ray model. Here, we propose an alternative scheme for the scalable multiplication of OAM modes based on modified multi-plane light conversion (MPLC) that can extend azimuthal and radial indices of OAM modes supported by the multipliers and unlock a new degree of freedom for radial high-order OAM states that has been restricted in the zero order. The multiplication for 20 OAM modes with radial index p = 0 and 10 OAM modes with radial index p = 1 is performed in simulation and experiment. The 3-dB optical bandwidth corresponding to the purity of OAM modes covers the entire C-band experimentally. This novel, to the best of our knowledge, approach to manipulating OAM states provides valuable insights and flexible strategies for high-capacity OAM optical communication and high-dimensional optical quantum information processing.
Large-scale error-tolerant programmable interferometer fabricated by femtosecond laser writing
Authors: Kondratyev Ilya , Ivanova Veronika , Fldzhyan Suren , Argenchiev Artem , Kostyuchenko Nikita , Zhuravitskii Sergey , Skryabin Nikolay , Dyakonov Ivan , Saygin Mikhail , Straupe Stanislav , Korneev Alexander , Kulik Sergei
Published: January 2024

We introduce a programmable eight-port interferometer with the recently proposed error-tolerant architecture capable of performing a broad class of transformations. The interferometer has been fabricated with femtosecond laser writing, and it is the largest programmable interferometer of this kind to date. We have demonstrated its advantageous error tolerance by showing an operation in a broad wavelength range from 920 to 980 nm, which is particularly relevant for quantum photonics due to efficient photon sources existing in this wavelength range. Our work highlights the importance of developing novel architectures of programmable photonics for information processing.
The extracellular matrix supports breast cancer cell growth under amino acid starvation by promoting tyrosine catabolism
Authors: Nazemi Mona , Yanes Bian , Martinez Montserrat Llanses , Walker Heather J. , Pham Khoa , Collins Mark O. , Bard Frederic , Rainero Elena
Published: January 2024

Breast tumours are embedded in a collagen I-rich extracellular matrix (ECM) network, where nutrients are scarce due to limited blood flow and elevated tumour growth. Metabolic adaptation is required for cancer cells to endure these conditions. Here, we demonstrated that the presence of ECM supported the growth of invasive breast cancer cells, but not non-transformed mammary epithelial cells, under amino acid starvation, through a mechanism that required macropinocytosis-dependent ECM uptake. Importantly, we showed that this behaviour was acquired during carcinoma progression. ECM internalisation, followed by lysosomal degradation, contributed to the up-regulation of the intracellular levels of several amino acids, most notably tyrosine and phenylalanine. This resulted in elevated tyrosine catabolism on ECM under starvation, leading to increased fumarate levels, potentially feeding into the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle. Interestingly, this pathway was required for ECM-dependent cell growth and invasive cell migration under amino acid starvation, as the knockdown of p-hydroxyphenylpyruvate hydroxylase-like protein (HPDL), the third enzyme of the pathway, opposed cell growth and motility on ECM in both 2D and 3D systems, without affecting cell proliferation on plastic. Finally, high HPDL expression correlated with poor prognosis in breast cancer patients. Collectively, our results highlight that the ECM in the tumour microenvironment (TME) represents an alternative source of nutrients to support cancer cell growth by regulating phenylalanine and tyrosine metabolism.
Factors associated with the use of long-lasting insecticidal nets in pregnant women and mothers with children under five years of age in Gaza province, Mozambique
Authors: Nhangave Amancio Vicente , Munyangaju Isabelle , Osório Dulce , Nacarapa Edy , Ndima Sozinho , Moiane Alfa , Chiposse Ismail , Muchanga Izaidino , Saifodine Abuchahama
Published: January 2024

Malaria remains a major public health concern worldwide. Malaria is endemic in Mozambique, with seasonal fluctuations throughout the country. Although the number of malaria cases in Mozambique have dropped by 11% from 2020 to 2021, there are still hotspots in the country with persistent high incidence and low insecticide-treated bed net usage. The aim of this study is to evaluate the factors associated with the use of long-lasting insecticidal nets by pregnant women and women with children under 5 years old in two hotspot districts in the Gaza province, Mozambique. A descriptive, qualitative cross-sectional study was conducted between June 15th and 21st 2022. An in-depth interview process was conducted with pregnant women and mothers with children under five years old, exploring their beliefs, experiences, and perception of messages conveyed by health professionals when long-lasting insecticidal nets were being supplied. A total of 48 women participated (24 pregnant women and 24 women with children under 5 years). Most participants recognized the protective effects of long-lasting insecticidal nets in preventing malaria, and understood that women and children were high risk groups. The nets were reported to cause side effects and difficulty breathing by 100% of pregnant women, while 54.2% of mothers with children under 5 reported no side effects. The majority of women in both groups reported that their health professionals did not educate them about how to use or handle the nets properly. Only 16.7% of mothers with children under 5 received correct handling instructions. Providing clear, culturally sensitive, and practical information on the correct use of LLINs, as well as regular monitoring of their proper use, would be a great step forward for Mozambique’s national malaria program.
Occurrence and characteristics of extended-spectrum-β-lactamase- and pAmpC-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae isolated from companion animals with urinary tract infections
Authors: Lee Megan Min Yi , Kuan Nan-Ling , Li Zhi-Yi , Yeh Kuang-Sheng
Published: January 2024

This study examined 70 Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates derived from companion animals with urinary tract infections in Taiwan. Overall, 81% (57/70) of the isolates carried extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) and/or plasmid-encoded AmpC (pAmpC) genes. ESBL genes were detected in 19 samples, with blaCTX-M-1, blaCTX-M-9, and blaSHV being the predominant groups. pAmpC genes were detected in 56 isolates, with blaCIT and blaDHA being the predominant groups. Multilocus sequence typing revealed that sequence types (ST)11, ST15, and ST655 were prevalent. wabG, uge, entB, mrkD, and fimH were identified as primary virulence genes. Two isolates demonstrated a hypermucoviscosity phenotype in the string test. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing exhibited high resistance to β-lactams and fluoroquinolones in ESBL-positive isolates but low resistance to aminoglycosides, sulfonamides, and carbapenems. Isolates carrying pAmpC genes exhibited resistance to penicillin-class β-lactams. These findings provide valuable insights into the role of K. pneumoniae in the context of the concept of One Health.
Role of Mitogen-Activated Protein (MAP) Kinase Pathways in Metabolic Diseases
Authors: Ng Gavin Yong Quan , Loh Zachary Wai-Loon , Fann David Y. , Mallilankaraman Karthik , Arumugam Thiruma V. , Hande M. Prakash
Published: January 2024

Physiological processes that govern the normal functioning of mammalian cells are regulated by a myriad of signalling pathways. Mammalian mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinases constitute one of the major signalling arms and have been broadly classified into four groups that include extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase (ERK), c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), p38, and ERK5. Each signalling cascade is governed by a wide array of external and cellular stimuli, which play a critical part in mammalian cells in the regulation of various key responses, such as mitogenic growth, differentiation, stress responses, as well as inflammation. This evolutionarily conserved MAP kinase signalling arm is also important for metabolic maintenance, which is tightly coordinated via complicated mechanisms that include the intricate interaction of scaffold proteins, recognition through cognate motifs, action of phosphatases, distinct subcellular localisation, and even post-translational modifications. Aberration in the signalling pathway itself or their regulation has been implicated in the disruption of metabolic homeostasis, which provides a pathophysiological foundation in the development of metabolic syndrome. Metabolic syndrome is an umbrella term that usually includes a group of closely associated metabolic diseases such as hyperglycaemia, hyperlipidaemia, and hypertension. These risk factors exacerbate the development of obesity, diabetes, atherosclerosis, cardiovascular diseases, and hepatic diseases, which have accounted for an increase in the worldwide morbidity and mortality rate. This review aims to summarise recent findings that have implicated MAP kinase signalling in the development of metabolic diseases, highlighting the potential therapeutic targets of this pathway to be investigated further for the attenuation of these diseases.
Displasia metafisaria múltiple. Reporte de caso
Authors: Richardson Maturana Jennifer , Oyuela-Mancera Martha E. , Ovalle-Barranco José A.
Published: January 2024

Antecedentes: La displasia metafisaria múltiple es una patología poco frecuente dentro del grupo de las displasias óseas, clínicamente similar a la acondroplasia y el raquitismo. Reporte de caso: se presenta el caso de un paciente de cinco años con esta enfermedad, considerando la evaluación clínica, radiológica, endocrinológica y genética realizada para llegar a su diagnóstico. Conclusiones: la sospecha diagnóstica ante un paciente con talla baja y compromiso de las metáfisis de los huesos largos en las imágenes son clave para la correcta identificación de esta patología.
Memoria inmunológica y reinfección por SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19
Authors: Forero Ladino Angélica Maria , Rivadeneira Santacruz Paola , Ospina Delgado Ana Maria , Rojas Hernandez Juan Pablo
Published: January 2024

Antecedentes: El síndrome respiratorio agudo severo por Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), es un tipo de coronavirus causante de la enfermedad por coronavirus (COVID-19), el cual se ha convertido en un importante problema para la salud pública mundial por la pandemia desencadenada y su alta transmisibilidad y mortalidad. Desde el inicio de la pandemia por SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19, se ha generado múltiples interrogantes como la producción de memoria inmunológica y aparición de casos de reinfección por el mismo virus.  
Objetivo: Realizar una revisión acerca de las características microbiológicas, clínicas, memoria inmunológica y reinfección por SARS-CoV-2.
Conclusiones: La infección por SARS-CoV-2 en pacientes con enfermedad leve se ha relacionado con inmunidad protectora durante tiempo limitado, lo cual podría explicar la presentación de casos de reinfección posterior al evento inicial con demostración de producción de anticuerpos tipo Inmunoglobulina G (IgG).
“Tumor de Wilms; Reporte de un caso”.
Authors: Salazar Vázquez Kassandra Aglae , Cabrera Antonio Yanyn Ameyaly , Garza Alatorre Arturo Gerardo , Rodríguez Martínez Verónica , Medellín Vallejo Rosario del Carmen , Ponce Camacho Marco Antonio
Published: January 2024

Antecedentes: El nefroblastoma o tumor de Wilms es el segundo tumor intraabdominal más frecuente y el tumor renal más común en la edad pediátrica, presentándose principalmente entre los 1 y 5 años, siendo rara la presentación bilateral.
Reporte de Caso: En el presente caso, se describe una forma típica de presentación de síntomas; sin embargo, con una tumoración bilateral, la cual es poco frecuente. Se detalla el manejo del paciente y su evolución favorable.
Conclusión: La importancia de esta revisión radica en que es uno de los tumores pediátricos con un pronóstico excelente si se detecta en etapas tempranas y con un pronóstico ligeramente peor en etapas tardías. Por lo tanto, su diagnóstico oportuno es esencial en la consulta pediátrica.
La comunicación para la paz ante los desafíos globales
Authors: Arévalo Salinas Alex Iván , Blanco Morett Álvaro , Barranquero Carretero Alejandro
Published: January 2024

Este libro se configura a partir de los trabajos mejor evaluados del Congreso Internacional Comunicación y ciudadanía: los desafíos de la comunicación para la paz ante los desafíos globales, que se realizó del 18 al 19 de de mayo de 2023 en la Universidad de Extremadura. Su publicación no hubiera sido posible sin el patrocinio de la Asociación Española de Investigación de la Comunicación AE-IC a través de la Sección Comunicación y ciudadanía. Los capítulos que agrupan este libro tienen como objetivo analizar la relación existente que tiene la comunicación con valores como la paz, los derechos humanos y los ideales de justicia y transición ecosocial, tanto desde el análisis y diagnóstico de situaciones de violencia y desigualdad como desde enfoques propositivos, transformadores y de soluciones. También se pone el foco en el escenario actual de crispación y polarización, con distintos conflictos armados como telón de fondo, y con una acechante crisis social, ambiental y económica de carácter global a la que necesitamos dar respuestas desde el campo de la comunicación, el periodismo y los medios.
A pilot study to assess the origin of the spectral power increases of heart rate variability associated with transient changes in the R‐R interval
Authors: Mitsuyama Satoshi , Sakamoto Teruhiko , Nagasawa Toru , Kario Kazuomi , Ozawa Seiji
Published: January 2024

Spectral analysis of heart rate variability (HRV) is used to assess cardiovascular autonomic function. In the power density spectrum calculated from a time series of the R‐R interval (RRI), three main components are distinguished: very‐low‐frequency (VLF; 0.003–0.04 Hz), low‐frequency (LF; 0.04–0.15 Hz), and high‐frequency (HF; 0.15–0.4 Hz) components. However, the physiological correlates of these frequency components have yet to be determined. In this study, we conducted spectral analysis of data segments of various lengths (5, 30, 100, and 200 s) of the RRI time series during active standing. Because of the trade‐off relationship between time and frequency resolution, the analysis of the RRI data segment shorter than 30 s was needed to identify the temporal relationships between individual transient increases in RRI and the resulting spectral power changes. In contrast, the segment of 200 s was needed to properly evaluate the magnitude of the increase in the VLF power. The results showed that a transient increase in the RRI was tightly associated with simultaneous increases in the powers of the VLF, LF, and HF components. We further found that the simultaneous power increases in these three components were caused by the arterial baroreceptor reflex responding to rapid blood pressure rise.
The long and the short of it: Salivary telomere length as a candidate biomarker for hypertension and age‐related changes in blood pressure
Authors: Speer Hollie , McKune Andrew J. , Woodward Andrew P.
Published: January 2024

Hypertension becomes more prevalent with increasing age. Telomere length (TL) has been proposed as a candidate biomarker and can be accessibly extracted from saliva. However, clarity is needed to evaluate the suitability of using TL as a predictor in such instances. This study investigated salivary TL in a cohort of older adults from the 2008 Health and Retirement Study (n = 3329; F: 58%, mean age: 69.4, SD: 10.3 years) to examine any associations with blood pressure (BP). A Bayesian robust regression model was fit using weakly informative priors to predict the effects of TL with age, sex, systolic BP (SBP), diastolic BP (DBP), and treatment status. There were small effects of treatment (β: −0.07, 95% CrI [−0.33, 0.19], pd: 71.91%) and sex (β: −0.10, 95% CrI [−0.27, 0.07], pd: >86.78%). Population effects showed a reduction of 0.01 log2 units in TL with each year of advancing age (95% CrI [−0.01, −0.00]). Conditional posterior predictions suggest that females, and treated individuals, experience greater change in TL with increasing age. Bayes R2 was ~2%. TL declines with increasing age, differs between sexes, and appears to be influenced by antihypertensive drugs. Overall, all effects were weak. The data do not currently support the suitability of salivary TL as a biomarker to predict or understand any age‐related changes in BP.
Das multimodale Chinesen-Image im deutschen Dokumentarfilm
Die

Neue Seidenstraße – Chinas Griff nach Westen
Authors: Chen Jingcao , Li Jing
Published: January 2024

Deutschland und China gelten als wichtige Knotenpunkte der Neuen Seidenstraße und werden aufgrund ihrer wirtschaftlichen Bedeutung häufig zum Gegenstand der Medienberichterstattung bezüglich der Neuen Seidenstraße. Trotz Anerkennung der Relevanz von der Multimodalität beim Prozess der Sinnbildung bzw. Bedeutungskonstruktion beschäftigen sich die meisten vorangegangenen Untersuchungen zur Imagekonstitution im Zusammenhang mit der neuen Seidenstraße mit schriftlichen Texten (vor allem mit Medienberichten). In dem vorliegenden Beitrag wird der deutsche Dokumentarfilm Die
Neue Seidenstraße – Chinas Griff nach Westen, der mit verschiedenen Modalitäten arbeitet, als Untersuchungsgegenstand ausgewählt und auf das multimodal konstituierte Chinesen-Image untersucht. Von relevanten Ansätzen der multimodalen Analyse und linguistischer Diskursanalyse ausgehend versucht dieser Beitrag, die gängigen Herangehensweisen im Rahmen der Erhellung von Sprachgebrauchsmustern auf die Bildmodalität zu übertragen und dadurch ein sprache-bild-integratives Untersuchungsmodell zu erarbeiten. Aus der Untersuchung ergeben sich insgesamt 4 durch die Zusammenwirkung von Sprach- und Bildmodalität konstituierte Imageaspekte der Chinesen: ‚greifende Fremde‘ In diesem Beitrag werden die Imageaspekte von Chinesen durch einfache Anführungszeichen gekennzeichnet. ‚Gewinner bei der Zusammenarbeit‘ ‚fleißige Opfer‘ und ‚Leiter bei der Zusammenarbeit‘. Diese Arbeit zeigt auch die methodische Relevanz, bei der Imagekonstruktion verschiedene Modalitäten zu berücksichtigen.
Biosynthesis of metal nanoparticles: Bioreduction and biomineralization
Authors: Zhang Dan , Liu Pengran
Published: January 2024

The biosynthesis of metal nanoparticles by plants, bacteria, and cells has been receiving considerable attention in recent years. The traditional synthesis of metal nanoparticles always needed high temperatures, high pressure, and toxic agents. However, the biosynthesis process (including bioreduction and biomineralization) is simpler, safe, economical, and green. The process of biosynthesis can insulate toxic agents, streamline flux, increase the transition efficiency of interactants, and improve the product yield. The biosynthesized metal nanoparticles share similar characteristics with traditional ones, serving as photosensors to achieve light-to-heat/energy transduction, or a drug delivery system. The biosynthetic metal nanoparticles thus could be widely applied in the medical field for disease diagnosis and treatment. It contributed a novel modality for the facile and green synthesis of metal nanoparticles. Increasing studies have been exploring the mechanism for the biosynthesis of metal nanoparticles, devoted to a controllable biosynthesis process. Combined with our previous studies on the biosynthesis of gold nanoparticles with green tea, tumor cells, and cell components, we reviewed the green methods of bioreduction and biomineralization of metal nanoparticles including the internal mechanism, aimed to make a comprehensive introduction to the biosynthesis of metal nanoparticles and relevant biomedical applications, and inspired further research.
Examining the role of activation energy and convective boundary conditions in nanofluid behavior of Couette-Poiseuille flow
Authors: Alzahrani Abdulrahman B. M.
Published: January 2024

This work investigates the behavior of a nanofluid in a horizontal channel under advection boundary conditions within the domain of magnetohydrodynamic radiative Couette-Poiseuille flow. We utilize the Haar wavelet collocation method (HWCM) to investigate the effects of energy activation. This research relies on the mathematical model introduced by Buongiorno, which effectively captures the flow dynamics and incorporates the influence of chemical processes. To streamline the governing flow equations, we employ boundary layer approximations. The HWCM is employed to numerically solve the non-linear coupled partial differential equations that regulate momentum, heat transport, and mass transfer processes. We examine the impact of several dimensionless convergence parameters on the velocity, temperature, and concentration profiles and give visual representations of these results. It is crucial to highlight that the activation energy of the specific chemical reaction is directly linked to the concentration of nanoparticles. The effect of Brownian motion on nanoparticle concentration varies from that of the thermophoresis parameter.
On the topological covering properties by means of generalized open sets
Authors: Sarkar Susmita , Bal Prasenjit , Rakshit Debjani
Published: January 2024

By utilizing

g

g

-open sets, we developed the ideas of GO-Mengerness and GO-Lindelöfness in this article. The structure of GO-compactness is compared to these topological covering features. In addition, some novel GO-compactness characterization has been investigated using nets and filter bases.
‘Problems’ at School: Mathematical Testimonies from the Fayum in the Roman Period
Authors: Savio Martina
Published: January 2024

The common association between the teaching of numbers and basic arithmetical operations, on the one hand, and the earliest levels of linguistic-literary education, on the other, is a datum on which interpreters of Greek papyrological sources are now essentially agreed. A more controversial and less often considered question is whether, in these same ‘scholastic courses’, this basic knowledge also encompassed geometrical and metrological calculations in the form of ‘problems’ (which are typical of the papyrological mathematical tradition). Only a few witnesses to the latter type of texts in Greek have characteristics that would most likely associate them with instructional contexts. The four oldest of these date between the 1st and 3rd centuries AD and are of proven or hypothetical Fayumic provenance. Although they are few in number, these witnesses attest to certain practices in the teaching of mathematics, at least in this historical-geographical context, which are worthy of note.
Area G and the Digging of Kom Aushim
Authors: Sampson C. Michael
Published: January 2024

An analysis of the early history of digging at Kom Aushim and the Museum archaeology of Karanis papyri purchased on the Egyptian antiquities market is combined with archaeological data from the University of Michigan’s excavations to locate purchased papyri in the archaeological record.
The Library of the Taurinus Family (5th–6th c.): A Tentative Assessment and Interpretation
Authors: Fournet Jean-Luc
Published: January 2024

The literary papyri found by Otto Rubensohn on January 25 and 27, 1905, were unearthed together with the archive of the Taurinus family (5th–6th c.) in a dump at Hermopolis. Herwig Maehler proposed that, due to the circumstances of their discovery, these books may have belonged to one of the family members. This hypothesis, if correct, is all the more interesting since it makes these papyri one of the few papyrological libraries with a precise historical context. In this paper, I attempt to make an overall assessment of this library, which has never been inventoried, and discuss its possible relationship with the documentary archive of the Taurini.
Amnesia after repeated head impact is caused by impaired synaptic plasticity in the memory engram
Authors: Chapman Daniel P. , Power Sarah D. , Vicini Stefano , Ryan Tomás J. , Burns Mark P.
Published: January 2024

Sub-concussive head impacts are associated with the development of acute and chronic cognitive deficits. We recently reported that high-frequency head impact (HFHI) causes chronic cognitive deficits in mice through synaptic changes. To better understand the mechanisms underlying HFHI-induced memory decline, we used TRAP2/Ai32 transgenic mice to enable visualization and manipulation of memory engrams.

We labeled the fear memory engram in male and female mice exposed to an aversive experience and subjected them to sham or HFHI. Upon subsequent exposure to natural memory recall cues, sham, but not HFHI mice, successfully retrieved fearful memories. In sham mice the hippocampal engram neurons exhibited synaptic plasticity, evident in amplified AMPA:NMDA ratio, enhanced AMPA-weighted tau, and increased dendritic spine volume compared to non-engram neurons. In contrast, although HFHI mice retained a comparable number of hippocampal engram neurons, these neurons did not undergo synaptic plasticity. This lack of plasticity coincided with impaired activation of the engram network, leading to retrograde amnesia in HFHI mice. We validated that the memory deficits induced by HFHI stem from synaptic plasticity impairments by artificially activating the engram using optogenetics, and found that stimulated memory recall was identical in both sham and HFHI mice.

Our work shows that chronic cognitive impairment after HFHI is a result of deficiencies in synaptic plasticity instead of a loss in neuronal infrastructure, and we can reinstate a forgotten memory in the amnestic brain by stimulating the memory engram. Targeting synaptic plasticity may have therapeutic potential for treating memory impairments caused by repeated head impacts.
Conscientización of the Oppressed
Authors: Thananopavarn Susan
Published: January 2024

This essay explores the relationship between Ana Castillo’s novel So Far from God (1993) and her development of an activist poetics inspired by Paulo Freire’s influential 1970 treatise Pedagogy of the Oppressed. So Far from God may be understood as the practical application of Castillo’s theory of “conscienticized poetics”; that is, the novel seeks to inspire political activism through a distinctive narrative style that relies on language strategies such as humor, revisioned cultural myths, and bilingual wordplay. The novel’s humor is especially important to understanding Castillo’s poetics, as she uses “outrageous” events to convey (and provoke) outrage about issues as serious as war, environmental racism, patriarchal violence, and AIDS.
Myxoid liposarcoma of the right lower limb
Authors: Navarro Elias Gallardo , Rodríguez Francisco Mario García , Steiner Carlos Mancera , Paredes Raúl Adame , Alba Armando Mansilla , Cabrera Daniel García
Published: January 2024

It is known that the diagnosis of these tumors can be delayed due to the lack of specific symptoms, and this delay in diagnosis and the large size that these lesions can reach significantly influence the prognosis and treatment of the disease, sometimes putting in danger, the functional preservation of the affected limb. The main objective in the treatment is to preserve the limb. We present a case of myxoid liposarcoma located in the right thigh in a 57-year-old patient who presented to pain in the right lower extremity.
RESEARCH OF PLASTICS AND MICROPLASTICS IN THE BLACK SEA GEOECOSYSTEM AS A COMPONENT OF ITS POLLUTION ASSESSMENT
Authors:   The State Scientific Institution “The Center for Problems of Marine Geology, Geoecology and Sedimentary Ore Formation of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine”, Iemelianov V. O. , Nasiedkin Ye. I. ,   The State Scientific Institution “The Center for Problems of Marine Geology, Geoecology and Sedimentary Ore Formation of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine”, Kukovska T. S. ,   The State Scientific Institution “The Center for Problems of Marine Geology, Geoecology and Sedimentary Ore Formation of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine”, Mytrofanova O. A. ,   The State Scientific Institution “The Center for Problems of Marine Geology, Geoecology and Sedimentary Ore Formation of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine”, Dovbysh S. M. ,   The State Scientific Institution “The Center for Problems of Marine Geology, Geoecology and Sedimentary Ore Formation of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine”
Published: January 2024

This publication presents a series of relevant aspects of the problem of pollution of the Black Sea geoecosystem and its geological and aquatic subsystems with plastics and microplastics. The condition of research on this issue, terms and prospects for creation of an effective system for field observations of plastic waste distribution with a microplastic component within the Ukrainian part of the Black Sea geoecosystem are discussed. Emphasis is placed on the modern, European standard adapted component in organizing research on the pollution of the Black Sea geoecosystem by synthetic polymers. The feasibility of a comprehensive study in the pathways and sources of these pollutants’ entry into its aquatic and geological subsystems is determined, taking into account natural characteristics of the ecological subsystem of the North-Western shelf of the Black Sea, while developing an optimum network of relevant monitoring observations. The research is based on data obtained from comprehensive field observations and subsequent analytical studies of the composition, sources of entry, and distribution of plastics and microplastics in modern sandy beach sediments and suspended in sea waters within the coastal region of Odessa in Ukraine. The results of analysis and generalization of materials on applied research of artificial polymers within the coast and waters of the Black Sea obtained by the authors from archival and published literary sources were also employed. Methodological approaches to organizing research on plastics and microplastics in the Black Sea geoecosystem and its main environmental subsystems are proposed as a necessary component of their pollution assessment.
SACRED HERITAGE OF UKRAINE: CLASSIFICATION AND SPATIAL ANALYSIS
Authors:   Lesya Ukrainka Volyn National University, Mishchenko O. V.
Published: January 2024

The purpose of the study is to conduct a spatial analysis of the sacred heritage of Ukraine. The following research methods were used in the work: structural-logical generalization and systemic analysis, which are used to study and generalize the types and variatons of sacred heritage, build a classification scheme, formulate the concepts sacred heritage, landscape-sacred monument of nature; statistical (standardization to the average value) for processing quantitative indicators collected as a result of the study; cartographical for visualization of the completed comprehensive assessment of the sacred cultural heritage of Ukraine; comparative-geographical for comparing the potential of sacred and cultural heritage of the regions of Ukraine. In the presented classification scheme, the sacral heritage of Ukraine is divided into cultural and natural, distinguishing types and species within these components. In the cultural component of sacred heritage, types (buildings, complexes, landmarks) and types (architecture and urban planning, history, monumental art, archeology) are highlighted. The natural component of heritage also includes types (springs, stone and rock objects, caves, burial sites with rare vegetation and plantations) and types (geological, hydrological, botanical, complex). A comprehensive assessment of the sacred cultural heritage of Ukraine was carried out and interpreted in the corresponding map. The highest value (5.34-2.01) of the standardized indicator of the number of sacred monuments is recorded in Dnipropetrovsk, Sumy, Kherson, and Kharkiv regions; in most regions of Ukraine, this indicator does not exceed 1. Examples of types and types of sacred natural heritage of Ukraine are given and their spatial location is substantiated. The novelty of the study consists in the author’s interpretation of the natural component of the classification scheme of the sacred heritage of Ukraine, the formulation of the interpretation of the term landscape-sacred monument of nature and the justification of the feasibility of its introduction to the types of natural monuments at the legislative level, conducting a comprehensive assessment of the sacred cultural heritage of Ukraine.
HIGHER EDUCATION IN CARTOGRAPHY DURING THE YEARS OF INDEPENDENCE OF UKRAINE: STATUS, PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Bondarenko E. L. , Dudun T. V. ,   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv
Published: January 2024

The article is dedicated to the research of the current state, identification of urgent issues, and outlining the nearest prospects for the development of educational services in the field of higher education training in cartography in Ukraine. To achieve the goal, the authors chose a comprehensive set of general scientific and special methods that constitute its methodology: analysis and synthesis, deduction, classification, and informational. A systemic approach has been applied at all stages of the research as a method for effectively organizing the study of the domestic higher education system in cartography. The universities in Ukraine that are currently involved in the training of professionals with higher cartographic education at existing levels have been identified. The indicators of the graduation of cartography specialists from the Department of Geodesy and Cartography at Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv from 1992 to the present have been analyzed in terms of quantity (914 individuals in full-time and part-time forms of education), educational degrees obtained (master’s — 440; specialist — 372; bachelor — 102), and gender (407 males and 507 females). Additionally, it was determined that during the investigated period, 41 PhD in geographic cartography were trained in the country, 35 of whom, together with 8 doctors of science, currently contribute to the further training of necessary specialists for the country. The article also characterizes the content of educational programs for cartographers at the bachelor’s and master’s levels, identifies existing problems, and formulates directions for their solution at the institutional and local levels. The main contribution of this research lies in emphasizing the necessity to enhance the quality of education for professionals with higher qualifications in cartography as a strategic specialization and profession for Ukraine, taking into consideration the national security and defense tasks.
Clinical, Genomic, and Immunological Characterization of RSV Surge in Sydney, Australia, 2022
Authors: Walker Gregory J. , Foster Charles S.P. , Sevendal Andrea , Domazetovska Ana , Kamalakkannan Abbish , Williams Phoebe C.M. , Kim Ki Wook , Condylios Anna , Stelzer-Braid Sacha , Bartlett Adam W. , Rawlinson William
Published: January 2024

OBJECTIVES:

The 2022 seasonal respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) epidemic in Sydney, Australia saw an unprecedented number of RSV detections. We aimed to characterize genomic and immunologic factors associated with the surge in RSV cases.

METHODS:

Whole genome sequences of RSV were generated from 264 RSV-infected infants and linked to case-matched clinical data from the 2022 southern hemisphere RSV season. We then performed an immunologic analysis of baseline RSV-specific humoral immunity in women of childbearing age before and throughout the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic.

RESULTS:

Clinical analysis revealed a high burden of disease across patients of all health backgrounds. More than one-half of RSV-related health care visits by infants resulted in hospitalization, and one-quarter required high-flow respiratory support or a higher level of care. Viral phylogenetic analyses revealed that 2022 Sydney RSV sequences were closely related to viruses that had been circulating globally since 2017, including those detected in recent US outbreaks. Nonsynonymous mutations within the palivizumab and nirsevimab binding sites were detected at low frequencies. There was no difference in baseline RSV-neutralizing antibody titers between 2020 and 2022.

CONCLUSIONS:

Collectively, these findings suggest that neither the emergence of a novel RSV genotype nor hypothesized immune debt was associated with the surge of RSV cases and hospitalizations in 2022. Continued genomic and immunologic surveillance is required to further understand the factors driving outbreaks of RSV globally, and to inform guidelines for the rollout and ongoing use of recently developed immunotherapeutics and vaccines.
Професор П. М. Мухачов: до питання визначення науково-технічної школи паровозобудування.
Authors: Заверющенко М. П.
Published: January 2024

У статті розглянуто питання розвитку галузі вітчизняного паровозобудування наприкінці ХІХ–ХХ ст. з метою визначення науково- дослідницького колективу, що склався в межах Харківського технологічного інституту (ХТІ) як науково- технічної школи паровозобудування П. М. Мухачова. В Україні становлення паровозобудування відбувалося наприкінці ХІХ ст. і пов’язане з відкриттям нових заводів. Розвиток галузі потребував фахівців з конструювання та експлуатації паровозів. Наукові осередки виникали на базі науково- дослідних кафедр у закладах вищої освіти, зокрема ХТІ, де з 1892 р. почали готували інженерів- механіків залізничного транспорту. Засновником напряму такої підготовки був професор П. М. Мухачов. З’ясовано, що створення науково- дослідної кафедри під керівництвом ученого сприяло формуванню потужного дослідницького колективу, що проводив перспективні дослідження зі створення різних конструкцій паровозів. Досліджено та проаналізовано наукову й конструкторську діяльність учнів і послідовників П. М. Мухачова: О. С. Раєвського, М. І. Карташова, В. В. Моніча, П. А. Сороки, П. М. Шаройка та С. М. Куценка. Діяльність професора П. М. Мухачова та його послідовників дає підстави стверджувати, що створений ним науково- дослідницький колектив зробив значний внесок у розвиток паровозобудування України. Його учні, проєктуючи нові моделі паровозів, продовжили розпочату ним роботу та досліджували й розвивали різні напрями галузі. Порушене питання щодо науково-технічної школи паровозобудування професора П. М. Мухачова потребує подальшого вивчення на основі залучення додаткових архівних джерел.
Формування пам’яткоохоронної діяльності на території Харківщини в повоєнний період (1945–1953 рр.)
Authors: Ліхолєтов Я. В.
Published: January 2024

Розглянуто історію розбудови пам’яткоохоронної діяльності на території Харківщини в повоєнний період у контексті загальноукраїнської системи охорони пам’яток культурної спадщини. Проаналізовано основні архівні джерела та наукові праці, розглянуто організаційні операції становлення, напрями та форми діяльності державних органів охорони культурної спадщини, їх взаємодію з органами місцевого самоврядування сектору культури, архітектури та мистецтва. Акцентовано на правових засадах функціонування державних структур, а також стані системи охорони культурної спадщини в означений хронологічний період на загальнодержавному рівні загалом та на території Харківщини зокрема. Висвітлено ідеологічні позиції радянського режиму щодо збереження пам’яток після Другої світової війни, а також пропагандистські ідеї під час спорудження нових об’єктів, які надалі стали пам’ятками. Досліджено інформацію про перші реставраційні та відновлювальні роботи на пам’ятках культурної спадщини в цей період. Розглянуто практичну діяльність місцевих органів охорони культурної спадщини в контексті чинних нормативно-правових актів. Визначено, що протягом першого повоєнного десятиріччя Харківщина була флагманом з виявлення, обліку та збереження об’єктів культурної спадщини. Визначено, що дослідження динаміки формування пам’яткоохоронної справи в повоєнний період важливе в контексті визначення помилок і здобутків фахівців окресленого періоду, зокрема для створення єдиного дослідження з історичного пам’яткознавства, а також для подальшої послідовної реалізації новітніх заходів щодо вдосконалення українського пам’яткоохоронного законодавства.
До початкової біографії М. Позена: аналіз архівної справи «О двух разных братьях Позен»
Authors: Буланий М. Ю.
Published: January 2024

Метою статті є введення до наукового обігу та аналіз опису архівної справи щодо конвертації до християнства відомого діяча великих реформ середини ХІХ ст., автора одного з перших проєктів вирішення селянського питання, полтавського поміщика М. Позена та прослідкувати початковий етап його включення до управлінських і соціальних структур Наддіпрянської України та Російської імперії. Методологія дослідження представлена комплексом наукових підходів та методів. До роботи залучено поколіннєвий, підхід, логічний метод, за допомогою чого розкрито сутність та механізми соціальної адаптації вихрестів, методи аналізу та синтезу джерел; метод узагальнення для створення цілісного образу взаємовідносин вихрестів з імперськими елітами в добу модернізаційних змін, проблемно-хронологічний метод задля встановлення послідовності змін віросповідання в межах двох поколінь родини євреїв. Наукова новизна полягає у введення до науково- го обігу низки джерел, які через війну стали недоступними для українських науковців. Перспективи подальших студіювань вітчизняними істориками «Дела о двух разных братьях Позен» полягають у залученні цієї справи до реконструкції початкової кар’єри М. Позена, вивчення історії трансформації ідентичностей, студій з юдаїки та інших га- лузей історичної науки. Висновки. Оприлюднені джерела дозволяють суттєво уточнити й розширити існуючі уявлення щодо біографії М. Позена та його родини, спростувати усталені в історіографії версії щодо його походження та початку кар’єри як імперського чиновника, окреслити особисті риси та коло знайомств, які дозволили йому увійти до місцевої та імперської еліти й зробити успішну кар’єру.
Arquivo Nacional: Dicas e Ferramentas para Pesquisa
Authors: Cavaliere Mourelle Thiago
Published: January 2024

A realização de uma pesquisa no acervo online do Arquivo Nacional (AN), infelizmente, é uma tarefa árdua para os pesquisadores de primeira viagem, pois mesmo os mais experientes sofrem com as dificuldades da base de dados Sistema de Informação do Arquivo Nacional (SIAN). Essa base de dados foi criada há cerca de 20 anos em um momento em que a maior preocupação era possibilitar a inserção de grande quantidade de metadados, e não foi prestada a devida atenção às dificuldades de acesso que um público leigo no terreno da arquivologia teria para obter resultados para sua pesquisa.
Pesquisando Histórias em Quadrinhos em História: Relatos de Experiências e Práticas do seu Uso na Historiografia e no Ensino de História
Authors: Queiroz Lima Savio
Published: January 2024

Muitas pessoas aprenderam sobre História através da apreciação de produtos de entretenimento ficcionais e levaram tais imagens representativas do passado para a sala de aula. Antes mesmo de saber exatamente o que foi a Idade Média ou a Segunda Guerra Mundial, muitos indivíduos já conheciam cavaleiros e nazistas de filmes, séries televisivas e histórias em quadrinhos. Essa última – mídia de leitura de imagens e textos em sequências, suporte produzido, vendido e consumido periodicamente – não apenas trouxe imagens do passado, como também fez parte de diversos processos históricos. Justamente por isso suas imagens e seus textos estão carregados de historicidades.
MENA Region Trends Revisited
Authors: Naumkin Vitaly V. , Kuznetsov Vasily A.
Published: January 2024

Introduction. The following article analyzes key development trends of the contemporary Middle East and North Africa (MENA). The authors provide a critical retrospective review of conclusions made in their previous works dedicated to the century-long development trends in the Middle East and neo-modernity as a new status of socio-political reality.

Results. In the first part of the article, they detect a shift in some megatrends of global development that occurred as a result of the world order transformation in the 2020s. The authors conclude that such megatrends as universalization of political systems, Western-type modernization and globalization are becoming outdated. At the same time, an intensification of the anti-colonial discourse in the world politics and a revision of the colonialism phenomenon are in evidence. The second part of the article demonstrates how these trends and notions directly manifest themselves in the MENA region, impacing the specifics of political processes and complexity of socio-political systems and institutes, reinforcing the ideas of country-based nationalism, changing the nature of regional unity and strengthening the centrifugal tendencies in the regional development. In the third part, the authors point out that all these processes provide an endurance test of some sort for the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) as a unified region that emerged in the colonial era.

Discussion and Conclusion. The weakening of ideological ties within the region, rise of country-based nationalism, economic and political differentiation of the region’s states, increasing division of the subregions call the future of the Middle Eastern unity into doubt. At the same time, a growing post-colonialism trend might theoretically become a new integrative basis for emerging values and ideas. In this context, the authors designate such development trends in the region that are considered by them most relevant and sustainable in mid-term perspective.
Cluster Initiatives in the Modern Educational Space of the Republic of Mordovia
Authors: Emelkina Irina V.
Published: January 2024

Introduction. The purpose of the article is to conduct a theoretical analysis of the theological cluster in the modern educational space of the Republic of Mordovia. Determine the general outline of the processes of interaction between participants in the theological cluster. To identify the most significant trends in cluster interaction and its initiatives in the Republic of Mordovia, characterize the existing difficulties, prospects, and justify the need to turn to their study.

Materials and Methods. To solve research problems, theoretical methods were used – analysis of scientific literature on the problem under study, comparative analysis, juxtaposition, generalization, systematization and empirical methods: expert assessments.

Results. A number of preliminary comments have been made indicating the features of the problem under consideration (initiatives of the theological cluster ensure: the transition of education to an innovative type, competitiveness, the creation of sustainable connections, increased activity, the exchange of labor resources, ideas and information, the development and implementation of innovations). It is concluded that the development of a cluster strategy in modern conditions is quite successful, but requires serious research.

Discussion and Conclusion. Cluster initiatives and clustering are associated with innovation, and therefore are very promising. But along with successes in this area, there are difficulties: lack of information and methodological support, undeveloped financing mechanisms. In accordance with this, competent and thoughtful systematic activities and a strategy covering existing cluster structures are needed. The idea of creating cluster development centers has been put forward as a potentially effective mechanism that can resolve or contribute to solving the problems faced by cluster initiatives.