bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Decision Support System for Production Planning in the Ship Repair Industry
Authors: Ahluwalia Rashpal , Pinha Denis
Published: March 2021

All ships and offshore platforms, however large or small, undergo scheduled or unscheduled repair and maintenance.  The bidding process for ship repair jobs is highly competitive and global in scope.  The ship repair industry is also prone to significant risks due to high level of capital investment in skilled labor, specialized equipment, and facilities such as dry docks.  Several decision support tools have been utilized by the ship repair and maintenance industry with limited success.  The focus of these tools is on mid or long-term planning.  They view the system as various cost centers and attempt to minimize cost at each center. This paper proposes a decision support system for short term planning.  It is oriented towards day to day decision making by ship yard personnel.  Its focus is on enhancing system throughput and minimizing total cost.  It utilizes a common corporate database to store and retrieve information and to generate timely reports for the management.  By focusing on system throughput and overall cost, unnecessary internal completion between cost centers can be avoided, resulting in fewer delays and resource overloading.
Evaluation of Team Quality
Authors: Gnaneshwaran Vettrivel , Thampi Prasannavarada , Kumar K.G Satheesh , Bishu Ram R
Published: March 2021

Competitive pressure and increasing market size have forced organizations to rely more on teams. This study has three objectives: to structure a list of attributes affecting the overall quality of a team; to use a survey tool to determine the significant ones among those attributes; and to compare between manufacturing and healthcare sectors. The data gathered were from employees working in teams in USA and China. A one-way analysis of variance and stepwise regression analysis was performed on the responses to determine team quality attributes. The ANOVA results for attributes versus teams revealed team efficacy, team trust, personality and skills & knowledge as significant. The stepwise regression analysis for team quality versus other attributes (for all the teams combined) showed that job satisfaction and team trust were significantly affecting the overall team quality. Analyses showed differences between China and USA.
A Simulation-Based Approach for Evaluating Cost and Performance of a Sediment Removal and Processing System for the Lower Susquehanna River Dams
Authors: Qureshi Saqib , Fontaine Raymond , Saleeb Samuel , Stein Joel
Published: March 2021

A series of three major dams and reservoirs located along the Lower Susquehanna River have historically acted as a system of sediment and nutrient pollution traps.  However, episodic pulses of these pollution loads are released following short-term extreme storm events, affecting subaquatic vegetation, benthic organisms, and the overall water quality in the Upper Chesapeake Bay.  In addition, all three reservoirs have reached a state of near maximum storage capacity termed as dynamic equilibrium.  Based on prior research, this study seeks to reduce the sediment buildup behind the dams through a sediment removal and processing operation, and thereby reduce the ecological impact of major storms.  A set of scour performance curves derived from a regression analysis, and a stochastic lifecycle cost model were used to evaluate the sediment scouring reduction and economic feasibility of three processing alternatives:  Plasma Vitrification, Cement-Lock, and Quarry/Landfill, and three removal amount cases:  Nominal, Moderate, and Maximum.  Since the scour performance curves treat the dams as static, a fluid system dynamics model was used to determine if the dynamic interaction between the capacitance of the dams during major scouring events is negligible or considerable.  A utility vs. cost analysis factoring in time, performance, and suitability of the alternatives indicates that a Cement-Lock processing plant at moderate dredging for the Safe Harbor and Conowingo Dams is the most cost-performance effective solution.
Modeling and Analysis of the Rotor Blade Refurbishment Process at the Corpus Christi Army Depot
Authors: Green Nathanial , Jaye David , Kerns Stephen , Lesinski Gene
Published: March 2021

Much of the Army’s equipment is coming to the end of its planned life cycle.  At the same time, the Department of Defense and the Army are facing severe budget reductions for the foreseeable future.  As a result, the planned modernization and acquisition of new equipment will be delayed.  The Army is now forced to keep and maintain current equipment as opposed to retiring old systems and buying new ones.  With the increased investment in the current systems, the organizations and depots that maintain and refurbish the Army’s equipment are becoming increasingly valuable assets.  Corpus Christi Army Depot (CCAD) is the Army’s only facility for repair and overhaul of rotary wing aircraft.  CCAD receives approximately 10 rotor blades per day for the Black Hawk helicopter.  Each blade is routed through a detailed inspection and rework process consisting of approximately 67 sequential operations which take approximately 45 days per blade.  Recently CCAD has expanded and reorganized the rotor blade refurbishment facility which provides an opportunity to re-examine processes, adjust positioning of work stations, and improve efficiency.  In this research we develop a discrete-event simulation model of the CCAD rotor blade refurbishment process in order to identify inefficiencies and examine “what if” scenarios to improve key performance metrics.  The key performance metrics used to analyze model input include throughput, work in progress, mean queue time, mean queue size, and workstation utilization.  The baseline model revealed that there were two crucial bottlenecks that severely limited the throughput and overall performance of the refurbishment process.  Adjusting the capacities of these workstations was very effective in reducing the number of blades in WIP and reducing the impact of the queues in front of these stations, but failed to increase the throughput to the desired amount.  Additionally, we found that the loss of one whirl tower’s production would not be a significant factor for CCAD’s performance in terms of throughput since operating with only one whirl tower did not significantly impact metrics of interest for the process.
Parameter Estimation of Type-I and Type-II Hybrid Censored Data from the Log-Logistic Distribution
Authors: Hyun Seunggeun , Lee Jimin , Yearout Robert
Published: March 2021

In experiments on product lifetime and reliability testing, there are many practical situations in which researchers terminate the experiment and report the results before all items of the experiment fail because of time or cost consideration. The most common and popular censoring schemes are type-I and type-II censoring. In type-I censoring scheme, the termination time is pre-fixed, but the number of observed failures is a random variable. However, if the mean lifetime of experimental units is somewhat larger than the pre-fixed termination time, then far fewer failures would be observed and this is a significant disadvantage on the efficiency of inferential procedures. In type-II censoring scheme, however, the number of observed failures is pre-fixed, but the experiment time is a random variable. In this case, at least pre-specified number of failure are obtained, but the termination time is clearly a disadvantage from the experimenter’s point of view. To overcome some of the drawbacks in those schemes, the hybrid censoring scheme, which is a mixture of the conventional type-I and type-II censoring schemes, has received much attention in recent years. In this paper, we consider the analysis of type-I and type-II hybrid censored data where the lifetimes of items follow two-parameter log-logistic distribution. We present the maximum likelihood estimators of unknown parameters and asymptotic confidence intervals, and a simulation study is conducted to evaluate the proposed methods.
Food Security Network Modeling
Authors: McDonald Kenneth , Akers Joshua , Bartz Forrest , Beck Daniel , Castro Israel , Prins LTC Robert
Published: March 2021

Food security creates a complex issue for American interests. Within a constantly expanding operational environment, food security remains a vital lifeline both domestically and abroad.  Current methods of mapping an area’s food system rely on ad-hoc assessments that produce skewed results and minimal metric analysis. Previous assessments methodologies failed to incorporate components of a food system that influences the overall stability of an area. The research conducted utilized the Systems Decision Process (SDP) to create a value hierarchy and model that provide an assessment for an areas food system. The findings from the research showcase that a food system relies on several variables such as infrastructure, dietary needs, and the national stability of a region. A more enhanced assessment model was developed that placed an overarching value to a food network that allows ground commanders to gain a holistic overview of the condition of an areas food system.
Reducing the Visual Signature of the M4A1 Rifle
Authors: Choi Duke , Hockenbraugh-White Kelvin , Mcallister Jessica , Mckenrick Christian , Santamaria Paul
Published: March 2021

The Maneuver Center of Excellence (MCoE) presented a directive to reduce the visual signature for small arms weapons by altering the color of the M4A1 rifle from its traditional black color. This research utilizes the Systems Decision Process (SDP) to develop and analyze alternatives to create a feasible and permanent solution to reduce the weapon’s visual signature. The research consisted of an extensive stakeholder and functional analysis to develop a value model and framework that provides a values-based recommendation. The model establishes an optimal color change process that accounts for the design and performance characteristics of the weapon system and the stakeholder’s values. The research also analyzes the potential integration of short wave infrared (SWIR) mitigation into the new color of the weapon. This analysis will establish a baseline methodology for weapon color change for all Army small arms weapons.
Applying Value-Focused Thinking to a Make Versus Buy Decision
Authors: Bianchi Anthony , Barnett John , Dempsey William , Giachinta Matthew , Hugenberg Matt , Talley Alijah
Published: March 2021

The United States Army placed emphasis on decreasing the load an individual Soldier carries by reducing the weight of ammunition through the use of polymer-cased ammunition.  This paradigm shift from brass to polymer raises concerns over the implementation aspect of this new procedure into the US Army’s current ammunition production process.  Our client, Project Manager Maneuver Ammunition Systems (PM-MAS) sponsored our team to analyze various candidate solutions using a methodology grounded in value-focused thinking, and recommend an implementation method to produce 7.62 mm polymer-cased ammunition at the Lake City Army Ammunition Plant (LCAAP) in Lake City, Missouri.  This paper outlines the application of systems thinking concepts, various problem definition techniques and value modeling in order to effectively compare three given scenarios using a total value score versus cost analysis for each candidate solution.  Our final recommendation is to implement the Buy scenario because of its total score of 63.5 and estimated cost of $14.62 million.
Peanut Based Biodiesel Production in Georgia: An Economic Feasibility Study
Authors: Hogan Dustin , Desai Anoop , Soloiu Valentin
Published: March 2021

An increased emphasis on renewable energy in recent years stems from diminishing supplies of fossil fuels. Add to that an ever-increasing global demand for energy and the conditions for a sustained push towards alternative, renewable forms of energy are clearly present. Biodiesel can be regarded as one such source of alternate energy. It is a renewable diesel fuel substitute that can be manufactured from a variety of naturally occurring oils and fats, primarily through the process of trans-esterification. Peanuts constitute one of the main sources of biodiesel. From the national perspective, Georgia is leading state in the country for producing peanuts.  It accounts for approximately 45 percent of the crop's national acreage and production. Last year Georgia farmers harvested 755,000 acres of peanuts, for a yield of 2.2 billion pounds (EPA, 2010). Southern Georgia is the most productive region due to its coastal plain region, which runs from Columbus through Macon to Augusta. However, for mainstream adoption of biodiesel to be successful, the economic case for production needs to be examined carefully. This paper analyzes and presents the economic feasibility of biodiesel production, with a focus on southeast Georgia.
Hyper-Enabled Operator: Situational Awareness as Armor
Authors: Arderi Ruben , Chough Aaron , Kronschnabel Simon , Rigoni Melanie , Mittal Vikram
Published: March 2021

The Hyper-Enabled Operator (HEO) project seeks to increase the survivability of special forces operators through increased situational awareness (SA) capabilities. The precursor to HEO was the Tactical Assault Light Operator Suit (TALOS) which sought to protect operators during room clearing operations by increasing their armor coverage. This study used combat modeling to compare the benefits of HEO to TALOS. This project developed four base models, each based on a relevant mission set. Each base model was compared against two variant models. The first variant provided the operators with enhanced SA. The second variant increased operator armor coverage without a performance degradation from increased weight. For some scenarios the incorporation of SA increased survivability more than a large increase in armor. Further, the study found that enhancing SA increases survivability by 8.3% on average for the four mission sets; this increase is similar to increasing armor coverage by a factor of four.
An Optimization Approach to the Make-Up Final Exam Scheduling Problem with Unique Constraints
Authors: Blanks Lindsey , Frakes Elizabeth , Hinnant Koby , Samuel Swathi , Dulin John
Published: March 2021

Final exam scheduling is typically a simple task. Exam scheduling at the United States Air Force Academy, however, is unique in that it must abide by a number of institutional constraints. Some include: ensuring all 4,000 cadets complete their exams within one week, assigning a longer time block for final exams than regular class meetings, and limiting the number of exam periods per day. The Dean of Faculty Registrar’s office must also accommodate cadet absences during the scheduled final exam week on short notice. Addressing these issues is currently a reactive process—cadet absences are identified, and then the Registrar creates adjusted schedules by hand. In this study, we create a data-cleaning VBA module for input data and use Xpress software to execute one of three versions of a scheduling optimization model. The model reduces the scheduling task time from several days to less than five minutes.
Integrating Autonomous Systems into Military Units
Authors: Kelley Jacob , Mittal Vikram
Published: March 2021

Autonomous systems are the future of military warfare and must be carefully employed to hold the advantage in technological advances. In an effort to measure the capabilities of autonomous systems within military units, this study analyzes the effects an autonomous system has while integrated into an Army Infantry unit. Using combat modeling software, a constructive reality modeled breaching and fires mission scenarios to determine the effects an autonomous system may have within a unit. Within the model limitations, statistical analysis supported that an autonomous system has a general impact on increasing a unit’s lethality and survivability. These statistically significant conclusions support that autonomous systems should be integrated within military units since these systems have a strong, positive impact on unit effectiveness. Additional data analysis and extending the analysis to other combat scenarios is crucial in applying these conclusions outside of the tested scenarios.
Optimization of multigrain bread recipes for feeding preschool and school children
Authors:   Federal State Autonomous Scientific Institution ", Martirosyan V.V. ,   Scientific Research Institute of the Bakery Industry", Zueva A.G. ,   Federal State Autonomous Scientific Institution "Scientific Research Institute of the Bakery Industry", Nevskaya E.V. ,   Federal State Budgetary Educational  Institution of Higher Education «Novosibirsk State Technical University», Tyurina O.E. ,   Federal State Budgetary Educational  Institution of Higher Education «Novosibirsk State Technical University»
Published: March 2021

В статье приведены результаты исследования по оптимизации рецептуры мультизернового хлеба для питания детей дошкольного и школьного возраста. Методом математического моделирования установлены зависимости влияния количества рецептурных компонентов (муки ячменной, хлопьев овсяных «Геркулес», клейковины пшеничной сухой) на физико-химические показатели качества и пищевую ценность мультизернового хлеба. Выявлено оптимальное соотношение муки ячменной, хлопьев овсяных «Геркулес», клейковины пшеничной сухой, составляющее 10 %, 8 %, 5 % от массы пшеничной муки, соответственно, позволяющее получить изделие хорошего качества. При данном соотношении зерновых ингредиентов достигается максимальный удельный объем, минимальные значения показателей крошковатости и плотности мякиша мультизернового хлеба. Содержание белков в 100 г мультизернового хлеба составило 11,0 г, пищевых волокон – 4,5 г, витаминов В1 и В2 – 0,25 мг и 0,10 мг, соответственно, кальция – 32,9 мг, железа – 2,0 мг. Произведённый расчёт пищевой ценности разработанного мультизернового хлеба подтвердил соответствие требованиям на хлебобулочные изделия для детей дошкольного и школьного возраста.
Knowledge and Attitude Regarding Sex Education among Adolescents of Kolhapur
Authors: Supriya Altekar  , Milind Sanade  , Shubam Gavandi  , Janaki Shinde
Published: March 2021

Background: During adolescence knowledge regarding puberty, reproduction, pregnancy and sexual healthis very limited. The lack of knowledge and being sexually active during this phase increases the risk of orsexually transmitted diseases and unwanted pregnancies.Objectives: To assess the knowledge and attitude regarding sex education, to determine its association withdemographic variables and also to assess the correlation between the knowledge and attitude regarding sexeducation among the adolescents of Kolhapur.Methodology: A total of 109 adolescent students from two randomly selected junior college were enrolledfor this quantitative survey research. The students of any stream within the age group of 16-19 years andwilling to participate were involved. Questionnaire was used to collect data regarding demographic data,knowledge and attitude regarding sex education. Answers given by participants were evaluated and analysed.Descriptive analysis was done in MS Excel(2016). Chi square test was used to assess the associations in Rsoftware (version 3.6.1).Results: Twenty-eight percent participants had adequate knowledge. Most participants either given incorrectanswers (35%) or responded as they don’t know the answer (37%). Majority of participants held uncertainattitude (66%) Knowledge of the participants were significantly associated with education (P=4.11E-08),stream of education (P=1.54E-05) and their residential area (P=7.93E-06). Attitude was not significantlyassociated with any of the demographic variables (P<0.05). No significant correlation was found betweenknowledge and attitude towards the sex education (r= -0.0224; P=0.8250).Conclusion: There was a considerable lacunae in knowledge and the attitude towards sex education.Therefore, there is need to increase awareness about sex education among the adolescents.
Coping Strategies Used by Tax-paying Male Bankers During COVID-19 Induced Lockdown-A Bangladeshi and Pakistani Perspective
Authors: Tasdidaa Shamsi  , Zaheed Husein Mohammad Al-Din  , Muhammad Sarfraz
Published: March 2021

The main way to deal with COVID-19 is social distancing. As a result, the governments of differentcountries imposed lockdowns. Bangladesh Government directed shutdown of offices and public transporton 26th March, 2020 opening everything on limited scale from 31st May, 2020. Pakistan governmentordered lockdown in the middle of March, 2020 easing to restore economic activities on 10th August 2020.The current cross-sectional study aims to look at how and what type of coping strategies were taken bytax-paying male bankers in patriarchal countries of Bangladesh and Pakistan when they were faced withlockdown at home due to COVID-19 with data collected by Coping Strategy Indicator. The men were seento have more emotion based coping due to a different sort of exposure which is unlike of men. This is thefirst study to assess the effect of lockdown of COVID-19 on coping of highly paid tax-paying bankers inBangladesh and Pakistan.
The Effect of Family Income on Stunting Incident in Preschool Children at Bogor City During COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Tisna Yanti  , DiahAdni Fauziah
Published: March 2021

Background: The global COVID-19 pandemic has increased the risk of malnutrition in young children,including stunting,especially those under five years old. Stunting incident was often found in low incomefamilies who were unable to afford nutritious food. During COVID-19 pandemic, certain types of foodmight not be available and affordable for some families. The stunting incident could be increased due todecline in family income, change in food availability and disruption to health and social services.Objective: To determine the effect of family income during COVID-19 pandemic on the incidence ofstunting in preschool children at PuspaBangsa Kindergarten, Bogor City.Method: This type of research was analytical survey with cross sectional approach. The total sample was35 families who had their children studied at PuspaBangsa Kindergarten. The instrument in this studywas filling out a questionnaire using Google Form on family income and weight of preschool children todetermine the incidence of stunting in preschool children.Conclusion: 7 participants (20%) were found with family income less than the Regional Minimum Wage.The results of univariate analysis for stunting incident variables were as followed: normal height category23 (65.7%) and very short height category 4 (11.4%). The statistical analysis obtained p-value = 0.02, whichmeans there was significant relationship between family income and the incidence of stunting at PuspaBangsa Kindergarten, Bogor City.
A Systematic Review on Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points (HACCP) in Southeast Asia Countries
Authors: Umi Raihanah  , Norazmir, M.N
Published: March 2021

Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point (HACCP) is a food safety management system which has beenrecognised as an essential tool in securing food safety. This systematic review aims to assess the currentsituation and compliance of HACCP system in Southeast Asia as well as the challenges that influence thecompliance of the system. Three electronic databases were used for search, which is Science Direct, Scopusand Web of Science. The terms used in the search include food safety, Hazard Analysis Critical ControlPoint (HACCP), hazard analysis, critical control point and food industry. Fifteen articles met the criteriafor inclusion in the review. Five studies were conducted in Thailand, three in Malaysia and Indonesia, andtwo in the Philippines and Vietnam. This review found that there are certain motives for the application ofHACCP, and most of the reviewed studies comply with the HACCP principle accordingly.
An Evaluation of the Measles Rubella Mass Vaccination Program in Schools of Meerut Cantonment 2018 and Assessment of Parents KAP towards Program
Authors: HM Kasi Viswanath  , Dennis Abraham  , Vijay Kumar Uthakalla
Published: March 2021

Background: Measles Rubella campaign is global effort to eliminate measles and control of rubella byvaccinating to children of 9 months to below 15 years of age group. The purpose of this study is to estimatethe post campaign level of MR vaccination coverage carried out in Meerut cantonment (2018-19) and tostudy how the patterns of personal attitudes of mothers are linked to the decision making process for MRvaccination.Methodology: Cross sectional study carried out in 27 schools with target population of 30950, initiallyconsent for vaccination with few demographic details has been distributed to parents through schooladministration, based on responses classified three groups, group 1 positive attitude, group 2 fearful attitudeand group 3 critical attitude further we used Latent class analysis and for the subgroups 5% of group 2and group 3 participant groups multinomial logistic regression analysis used for finding the strength ofassociation and descriptive statistics, mean, median and percentages are applied in the analysis.Results: Target reached 89.9% and missed opportunity 10.10%, LCA Biggest group are with fearful attitudefollowed with positive and critical. Odds ratio of all variables calculated.Conclusion: Media communication has to reach in population to all religion groups of people explainingto social media rumors and monitoring by doctors directly increase the acceptance and vaccination rates.
Study to Assess the Maternal and Perinatal Outcome in Teenage Pregnancy
Authors: Rani Shree  , B.S. Dhananjaya
Published: March 2021

Background: A pregnant teenager ‘’A child in child”as to meet the growing demands of fetus in additionto her own growing needs, thus putting her in a stressful situation. Teenage pregnancy is dangerous forthe mother, child and the community. Medical complications such as preterm labor, pregnancy-inducedhypertension, anemia and low birth weight babies are strongly associated with adolescent pregnancy. Suchpregnancies are seen mostly amongst the poorer and less educated sections of the society.Aim: To evaluate the maternal and perinatal outcome in teenage pregnancy in a tertiary care center.Objectives: To compare the maternal and perinatal outcome in teenage and adult pregnanciesDesign: A prospective studySetting: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sri Siddhartha medical college, Tumkur.Materials and Method: This study was undertaken at Sri Siddhartha medical college and hospital researchcentre tumakuru between October 2018 to October 2020, among the married pregnant women visiting toantenatal OPD and inpatients in the department of the OBG between 18 to 19 yrs as per the inclusion andexclusion criteria.Results: Teenage pregnancy may cause a significant obstetric complication Anaemia, preterm delivery,prom, pph, low birth weight babies, NICU admissions, respiratory distress syndrome were found to behigher among teenage mothers when compared to adult mothers.Conclusion: Teenage pregnancy was associated with increased incidence of anaemia and contract ed pelvis.Consequently there were higher incidence of lscs and PPH. There was in creased incidence of low birthweight babies, RDS, NICU admissions among the ba bies born to teenage mothers. Teenage pregnancy isassociated with increased mater nal and perinatal morbidity
The Use of Arabic Loanwords in Teaching Writing Skills for Hausa Learners of Arabic
Authors: Mainasara Nasiru , Mohammad Abdulhalim , Hassan Abdulrauf , Wan Sulong Wan Muhammad
Published: March 2021

The educational curriculum requires improvement. As such, it is essential for educational designers to enhance it to address the challenges faced by the second language learners, in the hope of creating more effective teaching and learning environment. One of the modern techniques employed to improve the educational curriculum is the technique of using loanwords of Arabic for the teaching of second language. The goal of this study was to determine the effectiveness of utilizing Arabic loanwords in the Hausa language to simplify the teaching of writing skill in Arabic as well as to collect feedback from student. To achieve this, the research was conducted with student from Umaru Ali Shinkafi Polytechnic Sokoto. The results showed that the effectiveness of loanwords in the teaching was at a high level of significance. Hence, the study recommends employing the Arabic loanwords in teaching Arabic to the Hausa learners. It also recommends enhancing educational curriculum to include the Arabic loanwords, as well as training Arabic teachers on Strategies to employ the loanwords when teaching and learning.
Embedded presents and the structure of narratives
Authors: Anand Pranav , Toosarvandani Maziar
Published: March 2021

The orthodox view of tense mandates that the present tense, when embedded under a past attitude predicate, should give rise soley to what is called a "double access" reading (Abusch 1997; Ogihara1996; OgiharaSharvit2012). We consider a class of embedded presents which locate the embedded eventuality neither at the time of utterance nor the time of the attitude. Unlike some other recently identified cases of ill-behaved embedded tenses, we argue that our embedded presents are instances of the historical present, a non-indexical use of the simple present. This assimilation requires abandoning current theories of the historical present, which treat it as a purely pragmatic contextual shift (Schlenker 2004, Anand & Toosarvandani 2017}. Building on Lewis(1978), we introduce an intensional operator sensitive to a salient narrative in the context, which shifts a contextual time coordinate to a temporal vantage point on that narrative. This unifies our cases of embedded presents with their matrix counterparts, in fiction and non-fiction narratives alike.
High and low uniqueness in singular wh-interrogatives
Authors: Kobayashi Filipe Hisao , Rouillard Vincent
Published: March 2021

While simple singular wh-interrogatives carry a uniqueness presupposition, this is not so when they contain possibility modals. Hirsch & Schwarz (2019) account for this contrast by assuming (i) that questions can have multiple maximally informative true answers and (ii) that uniqueness is triggered lexically inside the scope of interrogative. We show that their proposal overgenerates on two accounts. Firstly, it predicts too weak a presupposition for modalized interrogatives. Secondly, it predicts unattested interpretations for interrogatives containing negation. We show that both issues can be solved using exhaustification operators. On the one hand, we obtain the desired presupposition for modalized interrogatives by assuming the lexical trigger for uniqueness to be a presuppositional variant of an exhaustification operator (Bassi, Del Pinal & Sauerland 2019). On the other, we show that unattested readings of negation can be blocked by assuming that questions presuppose that the pointwise exhaustification of their answers partitions the context of evaluation (Fox 2019). We argue that proper empirical coverage for singular wh-interrogatives requires the interaction of both exhaustification operations.
Anti-uniqueness without articles
Authors: Erlewine Michael Yoshitaka , Lim Meghan
Published: March 2021

We report on the expression of singular nominals in Burmese, an articleless language, from original elicitation work. Bare nouns are interpreted as singular definites, to which the numeral tiq 'one' is added to form indefinites. We propose that tiq 'one' restricts the domain of the nominal to a singleton, and that its addition is subject to a Non-Vacuity constraint; this is the source of the anti-uniqueness inference of indefinites. We furthermore investigate the availability of tiq 'one' in anaphoric definites. Such behavior forms an argument that the compositional semantics of anaphoric definites does not involve contextual restriction via a situation variable, unlike unique definites.
How obligatory irrelevance, symmetric alternatives, and dense scales conspire: The case of modified numerals and ignorance
Authors: Buccola Brian , Haida Andreas
Published: March 2021

Buccola & Haida (2019) explore the consequences of a semantic-pragmatic theory in which relevance is closed under speaker belief. A primary consequence of this closure condition, they show, is that the Maxim of Quantity commits speakers to expressing their epistemic state about every relevant proposition. We argue that this commitment, dubbed Strong Epistemic Transparency, explains the contrast in ignorance inferences exhibited by non-strict comparative expressions like at least vs. strict ones like more than (hence the class A/B distinction of Nouwen 2010). We also discuss how our analysis might be extended to account for the observations of Cummins, Sauerland & Solt (2012) and Enguehard (2018) that the modifier more than does not block scalar inferences of round numerals.
Computational Fluid Dynamics Study of Wake Recovery for Flow Across Hydrokinetic Turbine at Different Depth of Water
Authors: Wei Ren Hew , Mohd Saat Fatimah Al Zahrah , Shikh Anuar Fadhilah , Abdul Wahap Mohd Arizam , Mat Tokit Ernie , Boon Tuan Tee
Published: March 2021

Depletion of fossil fuel caused mankind to look for sustainable and green energy resources. The characteristic of hydrokinetic turbine with ability to operate at low head stream and at low cost made it a good choice for use to harness hydro source of energy. As hydrokinetic turbine gain attention from the industry player, many experimental and Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) studies related to hydrokinetic turbine have been carried out. Yet the relationship of flow depth variation and wake recovery behind the turbine is still not fully understood. There is limited study about the effects of flow depth variations on the wake recovery behind the turbine. In this paper, a CFD model investigation was done based on published experimental work. A hydrokinetic water turbine was drawn using the MHKF1-180 and NACA4418 foils dimensions. The transient CFD study was conducted using SST k-w turbulence model and dynamic mesh method. The results showed that in near wake region, the wake at deeper depth will recover faster seemingly due to pressure change at that depth and the faster rate of momentum transfer of the fluid. It can be concluded that the deeper the placement of the turbine inside the water channel, the faster the wake recovers. The wake recovery results as presented in this paper should be considered when placing set of turbines especially in array arrangement to obtain a more efficient energy conversion.
Measuring Spatial Justice Indices in the Traditional Islamic Cities by Using GIS, An-Najaf Holy City, Iraq A Case Study
Authors: Alrobaee Tuqa Raad
Published: March 2021

Iraq includes several traditional Islamic cities, and they share many spatial and social characteristics. A question has often been raised about these cities' ability to achieve spatial justice for their current residents. Therefore, the research aims to answer this question by following a specific methodology based on the derivation of factors and indices of spatial justice through previous literature, then measuring the indices derived in the ancient Najaf city as an example of traditional Islamic cities. The research found that there are five main factors for spatial justice, which are: spatial diversity, spatial connectivity, spatial resilience, spatial security, and spatial empowerment, which in turn are divided into ten indices. These indices were measured in Najaf city. It became clear that the mixed land use index, spatial connectivity indices, and spatial security indices were well achieved, while the mixed residential patterns and spatial empowerment indices did not achieve well. As for spatial resilience, changes occurred in the land uses. However, these changes were not the result of social and cultural changes or according to the city residents' needs. Instead, they occurred due to economic changes that primarily serve the visitors and arrivals to the city.
Role of awake prone positioning in patients with moderate-to-severe COVID-19: an experience from a developing country
Authors: Khanum Iffat , Samar Fatima , Fatimah Yousuf , Safia Awan , Adil Aziz , Kiren Habib , Nosheen Nasir , Faisal Mahmood , Bushra Jamil
Published: March 2021

There is limited evidence on the efficacy of awake prone positioning (PP) in non-ventilated patients with COVID-19 who have hypoxemia. We, therefore, aim to describe our experience with the use of early proning in awake, non-intubated patients with confirmed COVID-19. In our retrospective observational study, 23 patients with confirmed positive PCR test results for Severe Acute respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) and hypoxemia that required oxygen therapy with or without non-invasive ventilation were treated with PP. Patients were classified into mild, moderate and severe COVID-19 disease. There were no targeted number of hours for proning per day and patients were kept in prone position according to their tolerance. The primary outcome measure was the avoidance of intubation and secondary outcomes were in-hospital mortality, length of hospital stays and complications related to PP. The mean (standard deviation) age of our cohort was 54.5 (11.7) years, and the majority were males (21/23, 91.3%). Sixty-one per cent (14/23) of the patients were suffering from severe disease and 82.6% (19/23) had bilateral lung involvement with interstitial infiltrates. Majority of the patients were prone positioned for a median of 6 days (IQR 4 â€“ 8). Only one patient required transfer to ICU for mechanical ventilation and subsequently died due to severe ARDS. All 22 patients showed progressive improvement in oxygen requirement and PF ratio, mostly after 3-5 days of proning. The mean length of hospital stay was 12 days. All patients, except one, were discharged in stable conditions, on room air or on a minimal oxygen requirement of 1-2 liters. No major complication of PP was recorded. Awake prone positioning is a valuable and safe therapeutic adjunct that can be applied in patients with moderate-to-severe COVID-19. It can also be included in the home-based management protocols of COVID-19 to improve patient outcomes and mitigate the burden on health care facilities.
From the President’s Desk - Part 1
Authors: Mash Robert
Published: March 2021

No abstract available
Stressors at work and elsewhere: a global survival approach
Authors: Abrahamsson Kenneth , Levi Lennart
Published: March 2021

Abstract: The United Nations´ “Agenda 2030” aims, in an integrated manner, to address the entire multitude of major global risks – e.g., to end poverty and hunger, realize the human rights of all, and ensure the lasting protection of the planet and its natural resources. However, recent political changes put this bold initiative at risk. To increase the likelihood  of success, higher education institutions worldwide should teach and train today´s students – tomorrow´s decision makers – to think both critically and ethically, to learn to cope with ethical dilemmas, and to apply systems-thinking approaches to serious and complex societal problems. The Covid-19 pandemic provides just one example of a complex and serious challenge necessitating such approaches. Promoting decent work, full employment and economic growth is one of the other major challenges. And neither of them can be successfully dealt with in a piecemeal manner
The Shifting role role of unions in the social dialogue
Authors: Kjellberg Anders
Published: March 2021

The article deals with the declining union density and shrinking coverage of collective agreements in most EU/EES countries, in particular in Eastern Europe and Greece. In many countries, international organizations pushed through “structural reforms” weakening trade unions. The result is declining union density and decreased capacity to conclude sectoral collective agreements and avoid downwards derogations at company level. Even in some core eurozone countries have governments without much of social dialogue carried through “internal devaluation” to restore competitiveness. High union density (Finland) or high union mobilization capacity (France) could not prevent this development. The economic performance of a country and degree of globalization, including the absence of a national currency, appear to be more important. The Swedish (and Nordic) model of self-regulation, resting on negotiations between the labour market parties, contrasts sharply to French state regulation with its high frequency of state extension of collective agreements and minimum wages set by the state. Union density in Sweden is still among the highest in the world but has declined considerably the last twenty years, in particular among the rapidly growing share of foreign-born blue-collar workers. As a small, strongly export-dependent country dominated by large transnational groups, Swedish economy is very influenced by globalization. This has shifted the balance of power to the advantage of employers, and by that circumscribed the unions’ efforts to achieve developing jobs and improved working environment.
Impact of Tools on the Acquisition of RAM Memory
Authors: Fuentes Martínez Marcos
Published: March 2021

When responding to a security incident in a system, several basic principles must be followed regarding the collection of pieces of evidence from the system. The capture of these pieces of evidence has to be done according to its order of volatility. In this sense, RAM memory constitute the most important element to capture, given its extreme volatility. RAM memory must be acquired and analyzed because the data it holds, which may belong to the system itself or to any other device connected to it, can survive a certain amount of time in it. Since RAM is a constantly changing element, it must be stood out that any action carried on the system under analysis will modify the contents of the RAM. In this article a comparative and an objective analysis has been carried out, showing the impact that the execution of some tools for the capture of RAM has on the system. This comparative study details both the private shared workspaces, for each of the processes executed by each of the tools used.
Post-Conflict Affiliative Behaviors Towards Humans in Domestic Dogs (Canis familiaris)
Authors: Cavalli Camila , Dzik Victoria , Carballo Fabricio , Bentosela Mariana
Published: March 2021

Social species need conflict-resolution mechanisms to maintain group cohesion and diminish aggression. Reconciliation (affiliative contact between opponents) and consolation (affiliative contact between the victim and an uninvolved third party) have been postulated for this function in various species. The purpose of this work is to study post-conflict affiliative behaviors toward humans in domestic dogs. This study has looked into post-conflict affiliative behaviors in domestic dogs toward their owners. To this end, a conflict situation was created where the animal was scolded by one of the owners for “stealing” human food. Behaviors were recorded along a period of 3 min and 30 s before and after the scolding. Results show that dogs exhibit affiliative behaviors (significant increase in closeness, gazing, and tail wagging) as well as appeasement behaviors (averting eyes, low tail carriage, lowered ears, lip licking, and crouching) toward the owner that scolded them (reconciliation). In other words, this is the first work that presents reconciliation in dogs in a conflict situation with humans. It discusses the importance of this phenomenon in the dog-human bond.
The Impact of Climate change on the Asian Century and Vice Versa
Authors: Tshering Leki
Published: March 2021

There are various threats to Asia in realizing its potential to achieve the Asian century, among which climate change is the most prominent. Climate change, which was once considered to be a human constructed myth, is no longer a myth. Rather it is a hard reality for everyone. The devastating impact of climate change is being and will have to be borne by every state irrespective of the degree of intensity and the frequency of contribution made by them. With the advancement in the economic status of the Asian countries, there will be a lot of pressure on the natural resources and if the current trend of using nonrenewable resources continues then the impacts of climate change will be more apparent not so far from now. We are already facing the effects of climate change which were mainly caused by the development of other continents. This article seeks to demonstrate how climate change is going to affect Asia with the change in time and simultaneously also tries to provide feasible measures to tackle it. This paper also attempts to identify the various sectors which require immediate attention so as to tackle climate change by reforming them. This paper will also illustrate an overview of what we can learn from the 19th and the 20th century which were considered as the European century and the American century respectively. It will also shed light on how Asian century can be different from the previous two centuries. This paper, in conclusion, will discuss how sustainable development can play a role in tackling climate change and how we can bring in multilateral cooperation among the Asian states to tackle climate change and ultimately place everyone in a better position.
THE ANTECEDENT OF REGIONAL FINANCIAL REPORT QUALITY
Authors: Widodo Slamet , Wiardi Akram Harmoni , Prabowo Tri Deni
Published: March 2021

The objective of this research is to analyze the competency, the comprehension of the government accounting standard, the implementation of internal control system and the quality of financial report in Kepahiang Regency.This Research was done to financial managers. The data were gathered by distributing the questionnaire to 102 respondents. This study used the data analysis of Multiple Linear Regression. The result of this research showed that competency has significant effect on the quality of financial report. The comprehension of the government accounting standard has significant effecton the quality of financial report. The implementation of internal control system significant effect on the quality of financial report
DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY TOURISM TIKUS ISLAND BENGKULU PROVINCE WITH SWOT ANALYSIS
Authors: Herlin Herlin , Yati Rina Trisna
Published: March 2021

The purpose of this study was to find out how the strategy of developing Tikus island of Bengkulu province tourism. This type of research is a descriptive exploratory study, using primary (observation and questionnaire) and secondary data obtained by the Bengkulu Province Tourism Office, with samples in this study totaling 125 people. Methods of data analysis using SWOT Analysis.

Based on the results of the SWOT analysis (Strenghts, Weakness, Opportunity and Treaths) showed that the strategy of developing Tikus Island Bengkulu province consisting of internal strategic factors (IFAS) consisting of Strength (S) and Weakness (W) obtained a total score of 4.28, this means that the attraction Tikus Island Bengkulu province has a strength that is greater than weakness. Whereas external factors (EFAS), which consist of opportunities and Threats (T) with a total score of 4.25 and opportunities (O) of 2.32, which means that the attraction Tikus Island Bengkulu province has a greater opportunity from threats. The meeting point between strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats is in quadrant I, which means that the strategy implemented is to support aggressive strategy. In this quadrant I shows that attractions Tikus Island Bengkulu province have equal opportunities and Weakness (W) so that the strategy that can be applied is to support aggressive policies (Growth Oriented Strategy, namely by developing transportation and supporting facilities to the region).