bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
THE EFFECTS OF VISUAL MAPPING AND SCIENCE-RELATED ATTITUDES ON STUDENTS’ CRITICAL THINKING AND PROBLEM SOLVING SKILLS
Authors: Jamhari Muhammad , Syarifuddin Syarifuddin , Sipahutar Herbert
Published: May 2021

The aims of this study were to find out: (1) the effects of visual mapping on students’ critical thinking skills, (2) the effects of science-related attitudes on students’ critical thinking skills, (3) the interactions between visual mapping and science-related attitudes on students’ critical thinking skills, (4) the effects of visual mapping on students’ problem solving skills, (5) the effects of science-related attitudes on students’ problem solving skills, and (6) the interactions between visual mapping and science-related attitudes on students’ problem solving skills. This study was conducted at MAN 1 Tanjung Pura, totally 141 students. It was a quasi-experimental technique by using a pretest-posttest experimental group with 4x2 factorial design. The technique of data analysis was processed by the Two-Way ANOVA and followed by Duncan’s Multiple Range Test. The results showed that: (1) there were the significant effects of visual mapping on students’ critical thinking skills (F=87.082; P=0.000), (2) there were the significant effects of science-related attitudes on students’ critical thinking skills (F=2.493; P=0.040), (3) there were the interactions between visual mapping and science-related attitudes on students’ critical thinking skills (F=2.037; P=0.000), (4) there were the significant effects of visual mapping on students’ problem solving skills (F=94.214; P=0.000), (5) there were the significant effects of science-related attitudes on students’ problem  solving skills (F=3.397; P=0.031), and (6) there were the interactions between visual mapping and science-related attitudes on students’ problem solving skills (F=2.195; P=0.000).
UPAYA MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN BERPIKIR KRITIS SISWA PADA MATA PELAJARAN BIOLOGI MELALUI PENERAPAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN PROBLEM BASED LEARNING DI KELAS X SMA NEGERI 1 KLUET TENGAH
Authors: Fakhrizal Teuku , Hasanah Uswatun
Published: May 2021

The aims of this study to determine the improvement of students' critical thinking skills through the application of learning model the Problem Based Learning in Biology subjects in class X SMA Negeri 1 Kluet Tengah. The subjects in this study were students of class X SMA Negeri 1 Kluet Tengah, with total of 31 students, with focus of this research critical thinking skills ability in Biology subjects. The research design used was classroom action research, which was conducted in two cycles. Each cycle consists of four stages, namely: planning, implementing, observing, and reflecting. In the pre-cycle, the students 'critical thinking ability was 37.81% in the less critical category, since implementation of the first cycle the students' critical thinking ability became 51.80% with the fairly critical category. In cycle II, the average achievement of students' critical thinking skills has increased to 76.90% in the critical category. Thus the results of this study indicate that the application of learning model the Problem Based Learning can improve students' critical thinking skills in Biology subjects in Class X SMA Negeri 1 Kluet Tengah.
Evaluation of pressure ulcer development and follow-up in Covid-19 patients followed in pandemic intensive care units
Authors: BAYKAN Halit
Published: May 2021

Introduction: Pressure ulcers occur in areas with bony protrusions exposed to pressure. Its incidence is between 1.6% and 49%. Due to respiratory failure in Covid-19, patients are frequently followed up in intensive care units. Some of the patients are intubated, and respiratory support is provided with a ventilator. The risk of developing pressure sores increases in patients followed for a long time on a ventilator. This study was conducted to investigate the frequency of pressure ulcers in Covid-19 patients.Methods: Patients followed up in Covid-19 intensive care (ICU) units in Kayseri City Training and Research Hospital between March and November 2020 and developed pressure ulcers were included in the study. Patient data were collected retrospectively using electronic health records.Results: A total of 4922 patients were followed up in intensive care units, 2010 patients were intubated, and 1332 patients died. Only 51 patients had pressure ulcers at various stages.Conclusion: Pressure ulcers in Covid-19 patients are seen mainly in the elderly and people with underlying chronic diseases. Besides, the probability of pressure ulcers in this group was less than in other patients. Furthermore, nursing care is critical in intensive care units.
PENGGUNAAN METODE PERMAINAN “BINGO MATEMATIKA” PADA MATERI BANGUN DATAR
Authors: Badjeber Rafiq , Suciati Indah
Published: May 2021

: Bangun datar merupakan geometri dua dimensi. Meski terlihat sederhana dan sering dijumpai, namun konsep bangun datar masih tergolong rumit bagi peserta didik. Untuk mengatasi hal itu, maka diberi solusi berupa metode permainan “Bingo Matematika”. Metode permainan “Bingo Matematika” ialah suatu metode yang dirancang untuk memotivasi dan merupakan media yang efektif untuk mengulas dan meningkatkan istilah yang digunakan pada pembelajaran matematika. Adapun langkah-langkahnya sebagai berikut: (1) Mengidentifikasi konsep atau prinsip matematika yang diinginkan. (2) Memberitahukan tentang Aturan “Bingo Matematika”. (3) Memulai Permainan. (4) Memberi kesempatan untuk mereview apa yang mereka peroleh dari permainan “Bingo Matematika”.

Abstract: Two-dimensional figure is a two-dimensional geometry. Even though it looks simple and is often found, the concept of two-dimensional figure is still quite complicated for students. To overcome this, a solution was given in the form of the "Math Bingo" game method. The game method "Bingo Math" is a method designed to motivate and is an effective medium for reviewing and improving terms used in mathematics learning. The steps are: (1) Identifying the desired mathematical concept or principle. (2) Tells about the "Math Bingo" Rules. (3) Starting the Game. (4) Give them the opportunity to review what they got from the game "Math Bingo".
ANALISIS PENYELESAIAN SISWA PADA SOAL PERSAMAAN TRIGONOMETRI DI KELAS XI MIPA SMA NEGERI 5 MODEL PALU
Authors: Aswan Aswan , Sugita Gandung
Published: May 2021

Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu mendeskripsikan penyelesaian siswa pada soal persamaan trigonometri di kelas XI MIPA SMA Negeri 5 Model Palu. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif. Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah 3 siswa yang diambil dari 30 siswa kelas XI MIPA 5. Masing-masing 1 siswa berkemampuan matematika tinggi, 1 siswa berkemampuan matematika sedang dan 1 siswa berkemampuan matematika rendah. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa siswa berkemampuan matematika tinggi mampu menuliskan dan menjelaskan informasi yang diperoleh dari soal dengan benar, menggunakan prosedur yang tepat dalam mengubah persamaan trigonometri, mampu mengaitkan konsep persamaan trigonometri dengan konsep lainnya yaitu nilai sudut istimewa, menentukan nilai ???? dari suatu persamaan trigonometri dan disubstitusi kerumus, menggunakan operasi aljabar berupa perkalian, pembagian dan penjumlahan dengan benar dan mampu menentukan solusi dari persamaan trigonometri pada soal yang diberikan dengan memperhatikan syarat yang diberikan pada soal. Kesalahan yang dilakukan oleh subjek berkemampuan tinggi adalah kesalahan prosedur tidak tepat (IP). Selanjutnya, siswa berkemampuan matematika sedang mampu menuliskan dan menjelaskan informasi yang diperoleh dari soal dengan benar, menggunakan prosedur yang tepat dalam mengubah persamaan trigonometri, mengaitkan konsep persamaan trigonometri dengan konsep lainnya yaitu nilai sudut istimewa. Tetapi pada proses penyelesaian soal, siswa melakukan kesalahan hirarki keterampilan (SHP), kesalahan prosedur tidak tepat (IP) dan kesalahan data tidak tepat (ID). Sedangkan siswa berkemampuan matematika rendah mampu menjelaskan informasi yang diperoleh dari soal dengan benar dan menggunakan prosedur yang tepat dalam mengubah persamaan trigonometri. Tetapi pada proses penyelesaian soal, siswa melakukan kesalahan hirarki keterampilan (SHP), kesalahan prosedur tidak tepat (IP), kesalahan konflik level respon (RLC) dan kesalahan kesimpulan hilang (OC).
The first high-quality chromosomal genome assembly of a medicinal and edible plant Arctium lappa
Authors: Xu Liang , Li Shengnan , Yang Yanyun , Xing Yanping , Zhang Zhongren , Liu Tao , Ao Wuliji , Bao Guihua , Zhan Zhilai , Zhao Rong , Zhang Tingting , Zhang Dachuang , Kang Tingguo , Song Yueyue , Bian Che
Published: May 2021

Arctium lappa has a long medicinal and edible history with great
economic importance. We combined Illumina and PacBio sequences to
generate the first high-quality chromosome-level draft genome of A.
lappa. The assembled genome is approximately 1.79 Gb with a N50 contig
size of 6.88 Mb. Approximately 1.70 Gb (95.4%) of the contig sequences
were anchored onto 18 chromosomes using Hi-C data; the scaffold N50 was
improved to be 91.64 Mb. Furthermore, we obtained 1.12 Gb (68.46%) of
repetitive sequences and 32,771 protein-coding genes; 616 positively
selected candidate genes were identified. Additionally, we compared the
transcriptomes of A. lappa roots at three different developmental stages
and identified 8,943 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in these
tissues. Among candidate genes related to lignan biosynthesis, the
following were found to be highly correlated with the accumulation of
arctiin: 4-coumarate-CoA ligase (4CL), dirigent protein (DIR), and
hydroxycinnamoyl transferase (HCT). These data can be utilized to
identify genes related to A. lappa quality or provide a basis for
molecular identification and comparative genomics among related species.
Drones, automatic counting tools and artificial neural networks in wildlife population censusing
Authors: Marchowski Dominik
Published: May 2021

1. The use of a drone to count the flock sizes of 33 species of
waterbirds during the breeding and non-breeding periods was
investigated. 2. In 96% of 343 cases, drone counting was successful.
18.8% of non-breeding birds and 3.6% of breeding birds exhibited
adverse reactions: in the former, the birds were flushed, whereas the
latter attempted to attack the drone. 3. The automatic counting birds
was best done with the microbiology software - ImageJ / Fiji: the
average bird counting rate was 100 birds in 82 seconds. 4. Machine
learning using neural network algorithms proved to be an effective and
fast way of counting birds – 100 birds in 23 seconds. However, as the
preparation of images and machine learning time are time-consuming, this
method is recommended only for large data sets and large bird
assemblages. 5. The responsible study of wildlife using a drone should
only be carried out by persons experienced in the biology and behaviour
of the animals concerned.
Biosensors functionalized with nanoparticles for rapid detection of Brucella
Authors: Ahangari Azam , Mahmoodi Pezhman , Mohammadzadeh Abdolmajid
Published: May 2021

Brucellosis is an infectious bacterial disease that mainly affects
ruminants and humans and its detection is still a significant challenge
in particular, in the developing countries. At present, methods used to
diagnose brucellosis consist of microbiological, biochemical,
immunological, and molecular techniques which may be time-consuming,
laborious, expensive, and dependent on special equipment, while they may
not be suitable for on-site miniaturized detection. Thus, development of
novel methods that can characterize Brucella spp with minimal equipment
is invaluable for rapid and easy detection of these pathogenic bacteria
especially in basic laboratories or even in the farm fields. The
nanotechnology-driven approach can be successfully applied using
different nanoparticles for the diagnosis of pathogens. Nanobiosensors
are therefore, one of those promising solutions in this case. These
sensors are efficient tools with diverse biological applications which
can identify pathogenic bacteria with relatively high sensitivity and
specificity. In this context, new nanobiosensors, developed based on
various nanoparticles, for rapid detection of Brucella spp have been
discussed.
Can text messages encourage flossing among orthodontic patients?
Authors: Santos Juliana Borba , Pereira Lara Correa , Neves José Guilherme , Pithon Matheus Melo , Santamaria Milton
Published: May 2021

Objectives

To assess the extent to which text messages on WhatsApp play a role in patient awareness of the importance of proper oral hygiene and flossing on a daily basis and to test the null hypothesis that daily text messages do not influence the flossing habits of orthodontics patients.

Materials and Methods

Forty-four patients wearing fixed orthodontic appliances with a mean age of 14.3 years participated in the study. Patients (male and female) were randomly assigned to two groups (n = 22): group 1, text messages sent via WhatsApp daily during the study period, and group 2 (control), no text messages received. Plaque index, gingival bleeding index, and halitosis were assessed at baseline and after 30 days. The results were analyzed and subjected to normality test, McNemar test, Fisher exact test, Mann-Whitney test, and Wilcoxon signed-rank test.

Results

There was a significant influence on flossing habits (P < .05) and a significant reduction in plaque and gingival bleeding indices in group 1 (P < .05). Group 1 had a significant reduction in halitosis (P < .05).

Conclusions

Daily text messages seem to influence patient awareness of the importance of proper oral hygiene and flossing. The null hypothesis was rejected because those patients who received text messages every day changed their flossing habits.
Tendencias en Instrumentación y Control de Procesos
Authors: RODRIGUEZ LOPEZ MARTHA LUCIA
Published: May 2021

Este documento presenta las tendencias relacionadas con la Instrumentación y el Control de Procesos. Se presentan las políticas estatales que sirven de apoyo a la incorporación de estas tecnologías, por parte del Sena y de las empresas del sector industrial.

A través de revisión bibliográfica se explora el grado de desarrollo a nivel mundial de este campo, y cómo se pueden implementar a nivel local. Al final del documento se enumeran algunas actividades que se pueden desarrollar en el centro de formación para facilitar a instructores y aprendices conocer las tecnologías para aplicar en negocios de economía naranja o industria 4.0.
Caracterización de fibra a partir de la vaina del frijol Phaseolus Vulgari Cranberry Group generado como residuo de la industria alimentaria del Oriente Antioqueño
Authors: Jiménez Argumedo Claudia Patricia
Published: May 2021

Durante las labores de procesamiento en la industria alimentaria se generan residuos que ocasionan una problemática para las empresas por el alto contenido de materia orgánica y por los costos para la disposición final. Estos residuos, presentan alternativas de aprovechamiento: producción de biocombustible, productos cosméticos, nutricionales y farmacéuticos. Es por esto, que el objetivo de esta investigación fue la caracterización de fibra a partir de la vaina del frijol por el potencial tecnológico que representa este residuo en la industria alimentaria. La extracción de la fibra dietaria total (FDT) se realizó con método de hidrólisis acida-base, luego la muestra fue secada en estufa y mufla,  se determinó la FDT, a esta se le realizaron pruebas de hinchamiento (CH), capacidad de retención de agua (CRA), capacidad de retención de grasas (CRG), obteniéndose como resultado: 19.7% de FDT,  CRA del 87%, CRG del 1.16% y CH del 5%.
ESCUELAS INTERCULTURALES E INCLUSIVAS COMO ALTERNATIVA ANTE LA CRISIS DE LA EDUCACIÓN EN COLOMBIA
Authors: Ortega Mejía David Alberto , Meza Negrete Duley Cristina , Solano Lora, Martha Cecilia
Published: May 2021

La realidad de la escuela oficial en Colombia se ha configurado alrededor de poblaciones caracterizadas por índices de pobreza y desigualdad, incluyendo que muchos de los territorios han sido testigos de una lucha política y económica que ha relegado a la educación a un segundo plano; a esto que suma que los esfuerzos del gobierno nacional, han estado enfocados hacia el cumplimiento de estándares internacionales, motivo por el cual se le ha designado a la comunidad educativa la misión de alcanzar los mejores resultados a pesar de sus limitaciones y dificultades. En este sentido el presente artículo tiene como propósito analizar los aspectos que de manera evidente afectan a la escuela colombiana,  ermitiendo además exponer la escuela intercultural e inclusiva como una alternativa de cambio y mejora. La propuesta de escuela intercultural surge como respuesta a los cambios presentados a nivel mundial y que han puesto la inclusión como un referente de garantía de derechos para sociedades cada vez más interconectadas, democráticas y pluralistas
MODELO PARA EL DESARROLLO Y DIAGNÓSTICO DEL LABORATORIO DE CREATIVIDAD TIC SENA
Authors: García Espinosa Camilo Alejandro
Published: May 2021

Artículo que analiza los resultados de la investigación cuasiexperimental de alcance correlacional desarrollada por el autor y llevada a cabo con aprendices del SENA Centro de Diseño e Innovación Tecnológica Industrial (Colombia), suscitando las bases argumentales y la reflexión para la constitución de un modelo para el desarrollo y diagnóstico del Laboratorio de Creatividad TIC SENA. Este modelo permitirá evaluar el impactodel desarrollo de habilidades creativas en los aprendices y demás colaboradores a partir del uso de herramientas TIC, y que se aborda desdetres dimensiones que son: psicosocial, ambientalpedagógica y ambiental-física. Cada una de ellas no sólo permitirá identificar aspectos  sencialespara la implementación de determinada herramienta TIC, sino que, además, permitirá la identificación y el desarrollo de estudios que permitan inferir en su relación con el desarrollo de habilidades creativas de los individuos como consecuencia del uso de herramientas TIC.
FORTALECIMIENTO DE SERVICIOS TECNOLÓGICOS CON LA IMPLEMENTACIÓN DE UN LABORATORIO FISICO Y SENSORIAL PARA ANÁLISIS DE CAFÉ EN EL COMPLEJO AGROINDUSTRIAL DEL CTA CARTAGO
Authors: Chala Triana Milver Arleth , Olivares Bedoya Katerine , Herrera Vásquez Mauricio
Published: May 2021

El Centro de Tecnología Agroindustriales implementa un laboratorio físico y sensorial para el análisis de café encaminado al fortalecimientode los servicios tecnológicos para los caficultores del Norte del Valle y además para fortalecer la formación profesión en las áreas agrícolas con prácticas demostrativas realizada en estos laboratorios que permitan desarrollar competencias en los aprendices.
Domótica inclusiva y el relevo generacional en el campo, mediante sistemas inteligentes
Authors: Damián García Iván Camilo , Rodríguez Gil Andrés Felipe , Villegas Estrada Mateo , Aristizábal Gómez Juan David
Published: May 2021

Un sistema inteligente es aquel programa que asemeja la inteligencia de un ser humano, siendo un término comúnmente usado para sistemas expertos o sistemas domóticos. Sabiendo esto, debemos comprender que la domótica es una técnica, que por medio de la tecnología aplicada en procesos cotidianos se encarga de dar confort y una mayor calidad de vida a sus usuarios. En este trabajo demostraremos como la domótica en la actualidad solo parece ser asequible para personas de altos recursos y está compuesta por productos que no son viables para la economía de las personas provenientes de américa latina. En este contexto, y teniendo presente que habitamos en países en los que aún gran parte de su población trabajan en el área rural, se convierte en una necesidad el uso de esta tecnología para agilizar el ritmo de vida y entrar a la competencia productiva del mundo actual.
MEMÓRIAS, EDUCAÇÃO E AGROECOLOGIA: O PROCESSO DE FORMAÇÃO DOS MOVIMENTOS SOCIAIS DO SUL DA BAHIA – BRASIL
Authors: Gomez Pereira Marcella , Ferreira Marta Felipe Eduardo , Silva de Farias Edson
Published: May 2021

Memórias permitem que indivíduos compartilhem experiências. A agroecologia enquanto movimento de transformação, contribui na organização e desenvolvimento de técnicas que garantem a estabilidade ecológica e a viabilidade socioeconômica do processo produtivo. No Sul da Bahia, assentados da reforma agrária utilizam memórias para adequar técnicas agroecológicas a seus repertórios de conhecimentos, objetivando a melhoria da qualidade de vida de todos. Utilizando a técnica História de Vida, este trabalho propõe-se a analisar as memórias sobre o processo de ocupação de terra no Sul da Bahia, considerando os conflitos de terras, a conservação dos sistemas naturais e a educação como ferramenta de transformação.
Character Values in Palangkahan Tradition In The West Sumatra Community
Authors: Yani Zulkarnain , Putra Apria , Basa Irwan Malin
Published: May 2021

This paper discusses the character values that were taken from the palangkahan tradition. The Palangkahan tradition that exists in West Sumatera society originates from the manuscript or texts obtained from the murshid or tarekat teachers. This tradition is still sustainable and carried out by the community, not only in the islands of West Sumatera, but also in the coastal areas of West Sumatera. Palangkahan tradition is the local wisdom of the people of West Sumatera which has been passed down from generation to generation, which is used before carrying out certain activities in their daily lives. The revealed character values can be used as guidelines for the development of Indonesian people with a strong religious understanding based on local wisdom. The character values contained in this tradition are mushawarah (consultation), discipline, positive thinking, and love of culture.
THE REASON FOR THE PATIENT CHOOSING UMM HOSPITAL
Authors: Riskiyah Riskiyah
Published: May 2021

Hospital is one of the places choosen by people who seek medical treatment when they get sick. One of the main reasons people choose a  hospital is when they feel satisfied with the hospital services. The University of  Muhammadiyah Malang (UMM) Hospital is classified as a new hospital that complies with the standard released by The Indonesian Health Department in term of Bed Occupancy Rate. The aim of this study is to find out the reasons behind patients' decision making on choosing medical services at UMM Hospital. A qualitative phenomenology method was used in this study. Data collection was conducted in February until March 2016. Interview was conducted to 8 informants that represent the patients from VIP class, class I, class II and class III of UMM Hospital. They are five themes about patient decision making on why they choose UMM Hospital as a health care provider such as the location, receives BPJS, friends recommendation, no other choice, and UMM Hospital is the best option. In conclusion, the patient’s decision making to choose hospitalization at UMM Hospital was influenced by several things. The existence of this information can be input for hospitals in developing appropriate marketing strategies and can further improve the quality of service to the community.
The method for calculating the probability of brittle destruction of NPP equipment in different operating modes with postulated defectiveness
Authors: Kuzmin D. A. , Kuz’michevskiy A. Yu.
Published: May 2021

The destruction of equipment metal by a brittle fracture mechanism is a probabilistic event at nuclear power plants (NPP). The calculation for resistance to brittle destruction is performed for NPP equipment exposed to neutron irradiation; for example, for a reactor plant such as a water-water energetic reactor (WWER), this is a reactor pressure vessel. The destruction of the reactor pressure vessel leads to a beyond design-basis accident, therefore, the determination of the probability of brittle destruction is an important task. The research method is probabilistic analysis of brittle destruction, which takes into account statistical data on residual defectiveness of equipment, experimental results of equipment fracture toughness and load for the main operating modes of NPP equipment. Residual defectiveness (a set of remaining defects in the equipment material that were not detected by non-destructive testing methods after manufacturing (operation), control and repair of the detected defects) is the most important characteristic of the equipment material that affects its strength and service life. A missed defect of a considerable size admitted into operation can reduce the bearing capacity and reduce the time of safe operation from the nominal design value down to zero; therefore, any forecast of the structure reliability without taking into account residual defectiveness will be incorrect. The application of the developed method is demonstrated on the example of an NPP reactor pressure vessel with a WWER-1000 reactor unit when using the maximum allowable operating loads, in the absence of load dispersion in different operating modes, and taking into account the actual values of the distributions of fracture toughness and residual defectiveness. The practical significance of the developed method lies in the possibility of obtaining values of the actual probability of destruction of NPP equipment in order to determine the reliability of equipment operation, as well as possible reliability margins for their subsequent optimization.
Decomposition model for examination and optimization of reliability of the basic structure of UES of Russia
Authors: Nepomnyashchiy V. A.
Published: May 2021

The main provisions are outlined of the author’s model of electric energy systems and their associations (Unified Energy Systems of Russia, UPS), enabling to determine analytically the key parameters of reliability of operation of EES within generation facilities (generation adequacy) and trunk power grids (transmission reliability) subject to dislocation of generation facilities and electric loads, electric modes and reliability of operation of trunk power grids.

For calculations of electric modes of operation of 750–220 kV power grids, Stott’s decomposition method is used involving simplification of the Jacobian matrix, the latter being divided into two independent subsystemsP → δ and Q → U, based on a weak functional link between P and Uand between Q and δ. When developing the model, much attention has been paid to improving the correctness in assessing the static and dynamic stability of the UES and taking into account these factors in the process of calculating the reliability of trunk power grids networks for each of the considered emergency situations. Special attention has been paid to improving the accuracy of estimates of economic losses (damage to the national economy) under various conditions of operation and recovery of UES: when working at low frequency, on actuation of automatic frequency load shedding (AFLS) devices and special load shedding automatics (SLSA), in case of sudden shutdowns, shutdowns with prior notice, and planned power supply restrictions. When forming the composition of consumers subject to restrictions, instead of the currently used proportional approach, the method of indefinite Laplace multipliers is used to reduce damage, based on taking into account the technological and economic response of various types of consumers to restrictions of their electrical loads. The calculations are concluded with an assessment of the annual average undersupply of electric energy and economic damage to consumers from disruptions of their power supply for the UES of Russia in 2017–2019, as a basis for optimizing the system reliability. It is shown that the probable annual average damage only in trunk grids of the UES of Russia amounts to as much as 1.2 percent of annual GDP, while its annual growth over the same period is estimated by the Ministry of Economic Development and the State Statistics Committee of the Russian Federation to be within 1.8%. Thus, due to the unreliability of the operation of only 750–220 kV main nets of UES, the national economy annually loses up to 2/3 of its annual growth.
Reliability of distributed energy facilities
Authors: Byk F. , Myshkina L.
Published: May 2021

The reason for the appearance of the first distributed generation in Russia was the high requirements to the reliability of power supply to power consumers of a special group of the first category of reliability. Diesel generating units were used to ensure uninterrupted operation. High costs for technological connection of consumers of the 1st and 2nd categories of reliability have strengthened the tendency to install a backup energy source in the enterprises' own power supply systems. However, setting reserves leads to a decrease in economic efficiency. There are additional costs for maintaining the reserve in a working condition. As a result, enterprises transfer the backup units to the mode of the main power source, and that of the backup function to the centralized power supply system. The creation of such industrial MiniGrid operating in a mode without power supply to the grid increases the cost of electricity for other consumers. Besides, with the departure of industrial enterprises from the centralized power supply, the share of communal and non-industrial consumers is growing. This requires an increase in the manoeuvrability of energy sources. The creation of balanced Energy Cells for energy supply to the population and small and medium-sized businesses that provide services to the population is not accompanied by the negative effects indicated above. In Russia, there are isolated examples of such systems, similarly operating in a mode without supplying power to the grid. Changes are needed to allow active consumers to supply excess capacity to the grid during peak hours in the UES of Russia, for which the grid companies need to be allowed to operate at least in a mode without supplying power to the grid, which will not lead to a decrease in grid companies' revenues from electricity transmission services. The introduction of these changes does not only lead not only to an increase in the reliability of power supply but also to an increase in the economic efficiency of the UES, which will reduce the price of electricity.
On the issue of occurrence of fire-hazardous situations with unbalanced power consumption
Authors: Naumov I. V. , Karamov D. A.
Published: May 2021

The influence of phase current unbalance on the probability of occurrence of fire-hazardous situations in industrial premises that receive power in various power supply systems is considered. The theoretical prerequisites for the occurrence of fire-hazardous situations are described. It is shown that zero-sequence flows flowing through a neutral conductor in an unbalanced mode significantly heat it, which can lead to short circuits and conditions for the occurrence of fires. The results of studies of unbalanced conditions in Russia and abroad are presented. It is shown that the zero-sequence flows resulting from current unbalance lead to an increase in additional losses of active power and electrical energy. It is proved that additional heat losses caused by unbalanced power consumption can destroy the insulation of neutral and phase conductors, which is the main cause of short circuits and, as a result, fires. Based on the use of the Matlab graphical editor, dynamic characteristics of variations in phase and interphase currents and voltages, as well as the power loss coefficient, which characterizes the increase in heat losses, are constructed. The analysis of fires and their consequences for various objects in the Russian Federation is made. A computational unit has been developed in Matlab, which is used for calculating and plotting the dynamics of fires and their consequences over the investigated period of time. It is shown that the occurrence of fires and their consequences due to violations of the rules of operation of electrical installations occurs in any premises and sometimes reaches more than 20% of all possible causes of fires. Methods and technical means of minimizing zero-sequence currents as a means of preventing the occurrence of fire-hazardous situations are considered. The principle of operation of an automatically controlled shunt-symmetric device with a minimum resistance to zero-sequence currents is described.
Potensi Kulit Batang Kesambi (Schleichera oleosa) Sebagai Pengawet Ikan Tongkol (Euthynnus affinis)
Authors: Takaeb Matheos J , Nautani Maria
Published: May 2021

Masyarakat NTT mempunyai dua hasil pangan unggulan yaitu, ikan tongkol dan daging sapi. Dua hasil pangan unggulan tersebut pada umumnya digunakan oleh masyarakat marginal sebagai sumber gizi. Dalam pengolahan ikan tongkol masyarakat sering mengalami kesulitan dikarenakan Ikan tongkol mudah rusak atau busuk karena mengandung lemak dan kandungan air yang cukup tinggi. Berbeda dengan daging, masyarakat NTT menggunakan daun Kesambi (Schleichera oleosa) dalam pengasapan daging se’i karena memberikan rasa dan aroma  yang khas dan daya tahan daging menjadi lebih lama. Penelitian ini mengkaji proses pengawetan ikan tongkol dengan menggunakan Kesambi (Schleichera oleosa). Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah penelitian eksperimen dengan metode uji organoleptik. Desain eksperimen yang digunakan adalah True Experimental Design (Sugiyono, 2009). Aktivitas antioksidan ditentukan dengan metode DPPH. Berdasarkan data pengukuran nilai absorbansi maka dapat dianalisis pengaruh konsentrasi sampel dengan nilai absorbansi, yaitu peningkatan aktivitas sebanding dengan bertambahnya konsentrasi. Penentuan aktivitas antioksidan dapat dihitung dengan persamaan y = ax + b pada kurva regresi linear. Hasil variasi konsentrasi 10, 50, dan 100 mg/L yakni (10:0.04137), (50:0.19521),(100:0.19269), (C-10:0.02653), (C-50:0.04533). Sesuai dengan parameter nilai IC50, hasil menunjukkan bahwa kulit batang Kesambi merupakan antioksidan yang sangat kuat dimana (nilai x < 50).  Hasil uji organoleptik warna ikan tongkol tetap cerah dan bertahan pada hari 1 dan 2, aroma ikan bertahan pada 1 hari, dan uji rasa berahan 1-2 hari.
FEN BİLİMLERİ ÖĞRETMEN ADAYLARININ İLETİŞİM BECERİSİNİ KULLANMA DURUMLARININ İNCELENMESİ
Authors: ALACA Merve Bahar , KİRMAN BİLGİN Arzu , ER NAS Sibel
Published: May 2021

Geleceğin öğretmenleri olacak öğretmen adaylarının iletişim becerisine sahip olmaları ve bu beceriyi derslerinde kullanabilmelerinin son derece önemli olduğu düşünülmektedir. Dolayısıyla adayların bu beceriyi meslek edindikleri adaylık sürecinde kazanmaları ve kullanmaları önemlidir. Buradan hareketle mevcut araştırmanın amacı fen bilimleri öğretmen adaylarının iletişim becerisini kullanma durumlarını tespit etmek ve incelemektir. Betimsel araştırma yöntemi ile yürütülen araştırmaya bir devlet üniversitesinde öğrenim gören üçüncü sınıf 28 fen bilimleri öğretmen adayı katılmıştır. Veri toplama aracı olarak yarı yapılandırılmış sorulardan oluşan görüşmelerden yararlanılmıştır. Sorular fen bilimleri öğretmen adaylarına yönelik iletişim becerileri gelişim göstergeleri dikkate alınarak geliştirilmiştir. Veriler içerik analizine tabi tutulmuştur. Elde edilen veriler fen bilimleri öğretmen adaylarının iletişim becerisine ait çoğu göstergeyi kısmen istenilen düzeyde kullandıklarını göstermektedir. Dolayısıyla bir sonraki araştırmalar için adayların iletişim becerilerini geliştirmeye yönelik deneysel çalışmalar önerilmektedir.
SOSYAL BİLGİLER ÖĞRETMENLERİNİN ÖZEL ALAN YETERLİKLERİNİ ETKİLEYEN FAKTÖRLER VE BUNLARIN LİSANS PROGRAMIYLA İLİŞKİSİ
Authors: YILAR Murat Bayram , CÜCE Kerim
Published: May 2021

Araştırmanın amacı sosyal bilgiler öğretmenlerinin özel alan yeterliklerini etkileyen faktörlere ilişkin görüşlerini lisans eğitimi bağlamında incelemektir. Bu amaç doğrultusunda bilimsel etik ilkelerine uygun olarak Ondokuz Mayıs Üniversitesi’nden mezun olup farklı illere atanmış 12 sosyal bilgiler öğretmeninin görüşüne başvurulmuştur. Nitel yaklaşımın benimsendiği araştırma durum çalışması modeline göre yürütülmüştür. İçerik analizi yapılarak elde edilen bulgulara göre öğretmenlerin, sosyal bilgiler özel alan yeterliklerinin bir kısmını lisans eğitimiyle kazanabildikleri ancak bazı yeterlikler konusunda eksiklikleri olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Araştırma sonucunda öğretmenlerin en çok Öğrenme-Öğretme Sürecinde Alan Bilgisini Kullanma (ÖÖSABK) konusunda kendilerini yeterli gördükleri; Okul, Aile ve Toplumla İş Birliği Yapma (OA ve TİY) alanında ise yeterlik düzeylerini en zayıf alan olarak değerlendirdikleri belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca özel alan yeterliklerini kazandırmada en etkili lisans derslerinin öğretmenlik uygulaması, özel öğretim yöntemleri ve okul deneyimi gibi uygulamalı dersler olduğu; ancak çeşitli nedenlerle ölçme-değerlendirme, topluma hizmet uygulamaları, iletişim gibi derslerin ise verimsiz dersler olarak nitelendirildiği görülmüştür.
OKUL YÖNETİCİLERİNİN SOSYAL TAKAS, ÖZÜMSEME KAPASİTESİ VE PSİKOLOJİK SÖZLEŞME ALGILARI ARASINDAKİ İLİŞKİ
Authors: DEMİRER Sibel , SEZGİN NARTGÜN Şenay
Published: May 2021

Bu çalışmanın amacı; okul yöneticilerinin görüşleri doğrultusunda sosyal takas, özümseme kapasitesi ve psikolojik sözleşme algıları arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı ilişkinin olup olmadığının belirlenmesidir. Okul yöneticilerinin sosyal takas, özümseme kapasitesi ve psikolojik sözleşme algılarına ilişkin görüşleri kişisel değişkenlere göre incelenmiştir. Araştırmanın evrenini 2018-2019 eğitim-öğretim yılında Bolu ilinde ilkokul, ortaokul ve liselerde görev yapan 249 okul yöneticisi oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmada Shore, Tetrick, Lynch & Barksdale (2006) tarafından geliştirilen ve Karagonlar, Öztürk & Özmen (2016) tarafından Türkçe uyarlaması yapılan Sosyal Takas Algısı Ölçeği ve Demirer (2019) tarafından geliştirilen Özümseme Kapasitesi Ölçeği ile Okul Yöneticilerinin Psikolojik Sözleşme Algısı Ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Okul yöneticilerinin sosyal takas algısında cinsiyet değişkenine göre; özümseme kapasitesi düzeylerinde görev değişkenine göre anlamlı fark bulunmuştur. Ayrıca okul yöneticilerinin psikolojik sözleşme algıları arasında görev, yaş ve yöneticilik kıdemi değişkenlerine göre anlamlı fark bulunmuştur. Okul yöneticilerinin sosyal takas, özümseme kapasitesi ve psikolojik sözleşme algıları arasında orta düzeyde anlamlı pozitif ilişki olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.
FARKLI TEST KURAMLARINDAN HESAPLANAN MADDE AYIRT EDİCİLİK PARAMETRELERİNİN KARŞILAŞTIRILMASI
Authors: MOR DİRLİK Ezgi
Published: May 2021

Bu çalışmanın temel amacı Klasik Test Kuramı(KTK) ve Parametrik Olmayan Madde Tepki Kuramına(POMTK) dayalı olarak kestirilen madde ayırt edicilik parametrelerinin karşılaştırılması ve benzerliklerinin incelenmesidir. Bu amaç doğrultusunda nicel araştırma yaklaşımı içinde yer alan korelasyonel türde bir araştırma yöntemi tercih edilmiştir. İlkokul ve ortaokullarda görev yapan sınıf ve branş öğretmenlerinden oluşan 226 kişi araştırmanın çalışma grubunu oluşturmuştur. Araştırma kapsamında geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışmaları ile psikometrik nitelikleri sorgulanmış olan 38 maddeden oluşan öğretmenlerin tek tip öğrenci kıyafetine ilişkin tutumunu belirlemeyi amaçlayan Tek Tip Öğrenci Kıyafetine İlişkin Öğretmen Tutum Ölçeği kullanılarak veri toplanmıştır. Toplanan veriler üzerinden iki yaklaşım gözetilerek madde ayırt edicilik parametreleri kestirilmiştir. KTK için madde ayırt edicilik parametreleri nokta çift serili korelasyon katsayıları ile POMTK için ise ölçeklenebilirlik katsayıları ile hesaplanmıştır. Veri analizleri R programında yer alan “ctt”, “mokken” paketleri ve SPSS 22.0 kullanılarak gerçekleştirilmiştir. Hesaplanan parametreler arasındaki ilişkiler oldukça yüksek ve manidar bulunmuştur. Bulgulara göre madde ayırt edicilik parametresi kestirimlerinde KTK ve POMTK yaklaşımların birbirinin yerine kullanılabileceği sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.
Circumferential esophageal hiatal rim reconstruction for treatment of persistent regurgitation in brachycephalic dogs: 29 cases (2016–2019)
Authors: Hosgood Giselle L. , Appelgrein Carla , Gelmi Candice
Published: May 2021

OBJECTIVE

To describe a technique for circumferential esophageal hiatal rim reconstruction and to report outcomes in brachycephalic dogs with persistent regurgitation treated with the technique.

ANIMALS

29 client-owned brachycephalic dogs.

PROCEDURES

Dogs that had undergone circumferential esophageal hiatal rim reconstruction between January 1, 2016, and December 31, 2019, for treatment of persistent regurgitation were identified through a search of the medical record database of The Animal Hospital at Murdoch University. Circumferential esophageal hiatal rim reconstruction involved apposition of the medial margins of the left and right pars lumbalis dorsal to the esophagus (reconstructing the dorsal margin) and ventral to the esophagus (reducing the ventral hiatal aperture and completing the circumferential reconstruction). Data collection from the medical records included preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative (short- and long-term outcomes [≤ 14 days and ≥ 6 months, respectively]) data.

RESULTS

In all dogs, substantial laxity of the left and right pars lumbalis and failure of dorsal coaxial alignment were observed, and circumferential esophageal hiatal rim reconstruction and esophagopexy were performed. Results of short-term follow-up indicated reduced regurgitation frequency; however, 7 of 29 dogs continued to have mild regurgitation, which was attributed to esophagitis and resolved with medical management. Long-term follow-up information was available for 19 dogs: regurgitation had resolved in 16 dogs and occurred once weekly in 3 dogs. No ongoing medication was required for any dog.

CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE

Circumferential hiatal rim reconstruction combined with esophagopexy substantially reduced regurgitation frequency in dogs of the present study, and we recommend that this procedure be considered for brachycephalic dogs presented with a history of regurgitation unresponsive to medical management.
On a Class of Caputo Time Fractional Problems with Boundary Integral Conditions
Authors: Aggoun Karim , Merad Ahcene
Published: May 2021

The aim of this paper is to work out the solvability of a class of Caputo time fractional problems with boundary integral conditions. A generalized formula of integration is demonstrated and applied to establish the a priori estimate of the solution, then we prove the existence which is based on the range density of the operator associated with the problem.
Imaging characteristics of nontuberculous mycobacterial pulmonary nodules
Authors: Nishino Kengo , Iguchi Kesato , Ishibashi Osamu , Sasatani Yuika , Ohara Gen , Kagohashi Katsunori , Satoh Hiroaki
Published: May 2021

Introduction. Nontuberculous mycobacteriosis (NTM) of the lungs can develop nodules. In order to clarify some of the characteristics of lung NTM nodules, we examined volume doubling time (VDT) and maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) in positron emission tomography (PET) of pathologically diagnosed NTM nodules.

Methods. From November 2012 to August 2018, clinical and radiological information were retrospectively investigated in eight patients who were surgically resected and diagnosed as NTM. These eight patients were followed up until November 2020 and were confirmed to have no appearance of lung cancer or reappearance of lung NTM nodules. The VDT was calculated using the Schwartz formula.

Results. The median maximum diameter of the nodule at the time of the first CT scan was 16.0 (range: 9.9–20.0) mm. The median maximum diameter of the nodule on CT performed before the surgical biopsy was 18.8 (range: 10.4–32.8) mm. The median doubling time calculated from these results was 203 (range: 20–568) days. Caseous granulomas and acid-fast bacilli were histologically confirmed in all eight patients. Culture of excised nodules revealed Mycobacterium intracellulare in five patients and Mycobacterium avium in three patients. Six patients received PET, and median SUVmax was: 7.0 (range: 3.3–21.0). Median VDT was around 200 days. Some patients had irregular-shaped nodules.

Conclusions. CT/PET-CT characteristics of lung nodules are not reliable in differentiating lung NTM nodules from malignant ones. To avoid unnecessary resection, it may be better to collect various information on imaging findings in the nodule itself and in opacities other than the nodule.
Identification of hybrid formulae of a few willows (Salix) using ovule numbers
Authors: Marchenko Аlexander M. , Kuzovkina Yulia A.
Published: May 2021

Salix is a genus of considerable taxonomic complexity, and accurate identification of its species and hybrids is not always possible. Quantification of ovules was used in this study to verify the parentage of a few hybrids of Salix. It has been shown that ovule numbers in willow hybrids are the mean of the ovule numbers of their parents. The ovule index of a prostrate specimen of S. ×cottetii affirmed that this was a hybrid of S. myrsinifolia Salisb. and S. retusa L., and the ovule index of the ornamental cultivar ‘The Hague’ affirmed that this was a hybrid of S. caprea L. and S. gracilistyla Miq. Finally, we also examined a confusing group, previously identified in North America as S. pentandra. The ovule indexes and other morphological characters indicated that there were four taxa among the studied specimens: S. pentandra, S. ×meyeriana, S. serissima Fernald, and a hybrid of S. serissima and S. fragilis that has not previously been described. It was concluded that quantification of ovules in willows is a reliable tool that can be used in willow taxonomy, genetics and population studies.
PEMANFAATAN INFORMASI GEOSPASIAL UNTUK KETAHANAN PANGAN SAAT PANDEMI COVID-19
Authors: Fawzi Nurul Ihsan , Husna Vina Nurul
Published: May 2021

Pandemi Covid-19 berdampak besar pada ketahanan pangan. Karantina wilayah dan pembatasan aktivitas sebagai langkah pencegahan penyebaran virus SARS-CoV-2 mendisrupsi sistem produksi dan distribusi pangan. Krisis pangan yang telah ada diperparah dengan kejadian pandemi Covid-19 menambah jumlah kasus kelaparan hingga 132 juta orang di seluruh dunia. Peningkatan ketahanan pangan tidak dapat menunggu hingga pandemi selesai. Paper ini membahas tentang kontribusi utama informasi geospasial dalam kaitannya dengan ketahanan pangan saat pandemi Covid-19. Dua hal utama yang membutuhkan informasi geospasial, dimana sumber makanan dan bagaimana cara mendapatkannya. Adopsi geospasial membantu dalam monitoring rantai suplai makanan dan mendukung penjualan makanan tanpa kontak (daring). Peningkatan penggunaan akses geospasial dalam aplikasi teknologi informasi mampu memberi dampak terhadap penanganan pandemi Covid-19. Kasus hasil panen yang tidak terjual dapat dihindarkan dengan adopsi informasi geospasial yang menghubungkan produsen dan konsumen. Selain itu, prediksi dampak perubahan iklim seperti kekeringan membantu penataan suplai makanan agar tidak terjadi krisis pangan.