bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Memory Museum and Museum Text
Authors: Arnold-de Simine Silke
Published: January 2012

In the last 20 years the institution of the museum has gone through a period of redefining its role and its functions in society, its forms of representation, its authority in discourses on the past and its objects. The stated aim of many of the ‘memory museums’ which were established during this period is to invite reflection on the aestheticization of memory and on the fact that the exhibition is seen as a narrative which is challenging conventional codes of perception. By granting a voice to what has been left out of the dominant discourses of history and of everyday experience, they try to integrate diversified and sometimes even incompatible narratives – a mode of representation that has so far been the domain of art and specifically literature. This contribution argues that it is not only between the museum and the memorial that distinctions between different memory media are getting blurred: examples such as Libeskind's Jewish Museum, which wants to be read as a text, and W.G. Sebald's novel Austerlitz, which he described as an alternative Holocaust museum, indicate that aspects of intermediality gain importance in the contemporary memorial landscape.
Returning to the Site of Horror
Authors: Andermann Jens
Published: January 2012

Further to the recent handover of the Naval School of Mechanics (ESMA), Argentina’s most notorious centre for the clandestine torture and assassination of leftist militants under the dictatorship of 1976–83, to the city of Buenos Aires, in order to create on the premises a ‘Space for Memory’, debates on the proper commemoration of the recent past have gained momentum. In the course of these, it has become clear that there is currently no consensus among the human rights organizations, let alone Argentine society at large, on how the former sites of state terrorism can be adequately ‘recovered’, or what the purpose and function of such a recovery might be. Rather than as a shortcoming, however, this impossibility of closure, and of the monumentalization of a social consensus about the past in museal forms, might be taken as an opportunity to problematize some of the politics and material poetics underpinning the contemporary ‘memorial museum’. The article therefore analyses the principal arguments and positions voiced in the debate about ESMA with a view to their attitudes (explicit or implicit) towards the museum-form as such, and the conclusions that might be derived from these in the context of contemporary debates about ‘postmemory’, ‘secondary witnessing’ and the politics of empathy at the museum.
Foucault's History of Sexuality, Volume I
Authors: Deutscher Penelope
Published: January 2012

This paper interrogates the status of the Malthusian couple and the policing and government of reproduction in the first volume of Foucault's History of Sexuality, Volume I ( HS1), and the associated Collège de France lectures. Presented by Foucault as one of the four ‘strategic ensembles’ of the 18th century through which knowledge and power became centered on sex, what Foucault calls the socialization of procreative sexuality ( HS1: 104) also constitutes a largely invisible hinge between the trajectories in HS1: biopolitics (vector of governmentality, management, administration and intensification of life) and sex (vector through which the repressive hypothesis is rejected). Particularly because it is one of the least discussed figures in Foucauldian commentary, my argument is that a reading of HS1 through the prism of its Malthusian couple produces unexpected results. A text that can be interpreted from the perspective of (a) its debate with psychoanalysis, or (b) its potential debate with those for whom sexual rights belong to a sexual subject, or (c) its status as a watershed text for biopolitical theory, enters into a fourth dialogue with the history of reproduction as politicized and biopoliticized, a problematic to date taken up most directly by Ann Stoler in Race and the Education of Desire. This allows for a revisiting of the complex relationship between the vectors of ‘sex’ and ‘life’ in HS1. Although reproductive sex, and reproductive life, are not the themes of the strongest importance in HS1, they serve as the invisible hinge at the interface of biopolitics and sex in HS1. Considering the status of reproductive life from this perspective becomes a departure point for reconsidering the reproductive woman, in her historical role as part of the problematized Malthusian couple and at the intersection of biopolitics and thanatopolitics.
Organizational change
Authors: Goodman Elisabeth , Loh Lucy
Published: January 2012

Change is again in the spotlight. Much of the current debate about organizational change is focusing on large scale changes, e.g. public sector reshaping or the role of the third sector, for example, and many private sector organizations are working hard on internal efficiencies. All of these bring huge challenges. But what about the people and the teams within these organizations, who must continue to deliver today as well as achieve changes to their own roles and services for delivery tomorrow?

This article describes some of the current drivers of change, and the challenges for teams. It highlights a number of models and approaches which describe the cycle of change and the elements of team effectiveness, and gives practical advice on how to use those to develop and support teams in a time of change. Our advice is grounded in good practice gained through real life experience, with practical tips and suggestions. These will help readers to build and rebuild teams so that they remain effective and the people in them motivated and aligned to the organization’s goals.
Learning before, during and after
Authors: Layton Sofia , Lambe Andrew
Published: January 2012

This article highlights the importance of knowledge management during the current NHS reorganization and describes the approach adopted by one Strategic Health Authority (SHA) to enable business continuity as it heads towards closure. The article explains how this business continuity approach evolved from an existing project to embed knowledge management into informatics projects. The authors use this programme of work to illustrate how the Knowledge Management team of the Department of Health Informatics Directorate (DHID) is supporting the closure of NHS organizations so that corporate knowledge is retained in the system and shared with successor organizations for the continuing benefit of the next generation National Health Service.
Out of the box – Joining the dots
Authors: James Roger
Published: January 2012

Our golden age of information has a flaw. Classic books are receiving due attention and the popular books look after themselves. The flaw is with the books in the middle – out of print, out of sight and out of use. My professional work requires access to this middle ground, usually technical works, typically 20 years old and currently being discarded by the major libraries under cost and space pressure. The books themselves are available on Amazon at a knock-down price but handling, search and storage is inconvenient. Recent products, such as the Android-based tablet computers (for example Amazon Fire), deliver a convenient platform to use and exploit these texts and the consumer based technology companies (such as Google, Apple and Amazon) have the capability to deliver this content conveniently and profitably for all concerned. In a tribute to Steve Jobs this article suggests joining up the dots with a technology inspired, volunteer-fuelled and commercially managed capability. It has happened with music so why not books?
The potential for e-book usage in commercial organizations
Authors: Byfield Paul
Published: January 2012

This article discusses the relative benefits of e-book technology within corporate environments and how the right licence and access model will ensure the future success of the e-book within this environment in the future. Examples are taken from the author’s operating environment within a legal function.
Platelet-Rich Plasma or Hyaluronate in the Management of Osteochondral Lesions of the Talus
Authors: Mei-Dan Omer , Carmont Michael R. , Laver Lior , Mann Gideon , Maffulli Nicola , Nyska Meir
Published: January 2012

Background: Nonoperative options for osteochondral lesions (OCLs) of the talar dome are limited, and currently, there is a lack of scientific evidence to guide management.

Purpose: To evaluate the short-term efficacy and safety of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) compared with hyaluronic acid (HA) in reducing pain and disability caused by OCLs of the ankle.

Study Design: Randomized controlled trial; Level of evidence, 2.

Methods: Thirty-two patients aged 18 to 60 years were allocated to a treatment by intra-articular injections of either HA (group 1) or PRP (plasma rich in growth factors [PRGF] technique, group 2) for OCLs of the talus. Thirty OCLs, 15 per arm, received 3 consecutive intra-articular therapeutic injections and were followed for 28 weeks. The efficacy of the injections in reducing pain and improving function was assessed at each visit using the American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) Ankle-Hindfoot Scale (AHFS); a visual analog scale (VAS) for pain, stiffness, and function; and the subjective global function score.

Results: The majority of patients were men (n = 23; 79%). The AHFS score improved from 66 and 68 to 78 and 92 in groups 1 and 2, respectively, from baseline to week 28 ( P < .0001), favoring PRP ( P < .05). Mean VAS scores (1 = asymptomatic, 10 = severe symptoms) decreased for pain (group 1: 5.6 to 3.1; group 2: 4.1 to 0.9), stiffness (group 1: 5.1 to 2.9; group 2: 5.0 to 0.8), and function (group 1: 5.8 to 3.5; group 2: 4.7 to 0.8) from baseline to week 28 ( P < .0001), favoring PRP ( P < .05 for stiffness, P < .01 for function, P > .05 for pain). Subjective global function scores, reported on a scale from 0 to 100 (with 100 representing healthy, preinjury function) improved from 56 and 58 at baseline to 73 and 91 by week 28 for groups 1 and 2, respectively ( P < .01 in favor of PRP).

Conclusion: Osteochondral lesions of the ankle treated with intra-articular injections of PRP and HA resulted in a decrease in pain scores and an increase in function for at least 6 months, with minimal adverse events. Platelet-rich plasma treatment led to a significantly better outcome than HA.
College Students’ Storytelling of Ethnicity-Related Events in the Academic Domain
Authors: Syed Moin
Published: January 2012

The purpose of the present study was to examine storytelling of ethnicity-related events among college-going, emerging adults. A total of 280 ethnically diverse participants recounted a memory about a time in which they told a previously reported, ethnicity-related story to others. Analysis centered on the function of the telling and on to whom the story was told. The findings indicated that stories were most often told to share experiences with others, followed by for emotion regulation and validation, and that friends were the most frequent audience. The pattern of story content, telling function, and audience suggests that stories are differentially channeled to various audiences for different purposes. Furthermore, 40% of all stories had never been told to others, suggesting continued barriers in the ability to talk to others about ethnicity-related experiences in the United States.
Making it Count
Authors: Shipley Robert , Utz Stephen
Published: January 2012

Public consultation has become a major part of planning in the last forty years and much has been written on the subject. This article reviews the writing generated over the past two decades and breaks it into sections respecting the theory and rationale behind consultation, the conceivable approaches to engage the public, and the means available to analyze and evaluate consultative efforts. Conclusions relevant to academics and practitioners are drawn as are suggestions from the authors concerning the principal gaps that needed to be filled in order for planners to have reliable tools to evaluate the effectiveness of consultative processes.
The Role of the Built Environment in Healthy Aging
Authors: Kerr Jacqueline , Rosenberg Dori , Frank Lawrence
Published: January 2012

Older adults are a large but very inactive population group. Physical activity, especially walking, has many important health benefits for older adults. This review describes the relationship between walking and health and reviews studies investigating the relationship between the built environment, walking, and health in older adults. Important features of community design for older adults are identified and suggestion for impacting walking behavior is made.
The Working of EU Conditionality in the Area of Migration Policy
Authors: Dedja Sokol
Published: January 2012

This article uses the analytical framework of “Europeanization” to assess whether and how EU conditionality has led to change in Albania’s migration policy. The analysis focuses on a specific but crucial aspect of migration policy: the readmission of irregular migrants. The examination of change in Albanian readmission policy demonstrates that the country has not only accepted the legal obligation to take back its citizens residing illegally in the EU and nationals of other countries who had reached the EU via Albania. It has also created the institutional and procedural conditions for implementation of those legal obligations, and statistical data demonstrate that Albania is accepting all the illegal immigrants returned by the EU member states. The article shows that this policy change took place after the EU made Albania’s progress towards accession conditional on compliance in this policy area. In addition to establishing the temporal covariation of EU pressure and domestic change, this work will explore the causal mechanism linking the two variables by examining the motivation of the actors involved in policy change. Thus, the analysis will identify the domestic factors that make possible the EU impact. This article demonstrates the crucial importance of gate-keeping in ensuring compliance. The control by the EU of access to each stage of the preaccession process is such a powerful motivating instrument that it can outweigh very high domestic costs and lead to developments in the aspirant country that are solely in the interest of the EU.
The European Dimension of Minority Political Representation
Authors: Spirova Maria , Stefanova Boyka
Published: January 2012

The political integration of ethnic minorities is one of the most challenging tasks facing the countries of post-communist Europe. The roads to their political representation in the mainstream political process are numerous and diverse. The EU accession of the Central and East European countries has expanded the scope of the political participation of minorities by adding an electoral process at the regional level: the elections for members of the European Parliament. This article presents a comparative study of the ways in which EU-level electoral processes affect the scope and quality of minority representation on the example of the participation of ethnic political parties in Bulgaria and Romania in the 2007 and 2009 electoral cycles of the European Parliament.
Has Anyone Seen It?
Authors: Radin Dagmar , Džakula Aleksandar
Published: January 2012

Over the past decade, public opinion surveys have shown that Croats are deeply dissatisfied with their health care system and asses it to be one of the most important issues. However, health care hardly makes it into any political discourse in Croatia. This study analyzes the results of a public opinion survey conducted before the 2007 parliamentary elections to find out what the public sentiment on health care performance in Croatia is and to analyze the reasons why health care is not addressed by political actors. Evidence suggests that while health care is the most salient issue today, the public often understands it poorly. Thus, in a political environment of competing issues, and given the complexity of tacking health care in the policy arena, politicians strategically avoid discussing the issue.
Polish-Ukrainian Relations during World War II
Authors: Wróbel Piotr
Published: January 2012

After the fall of communism in 1989–1991, Poland and Ukraine could have become partners in international, economic, and cultural fields. Yet despite many positive achievements, the contemporary Polish-Ukrainian cooperation did not fully develop. Among many reasons that slow down the Polish-Ukrainian rapprochement, historical memories seem to be especially detrimental. The remembrances of World War II are the most destructive. Both Poles and Ukrainians understand that the only way to change this situation is to study and discuss the common history. A list of works on Polish-Ukrainian relations during World War II is long. Yet most of these publications offer broad pictures and present Polish-Ukrainian relations in general or in particular regions, such as Volhynia (Wołyń) or Eastern Galicia. This microstudy, devoted to the town of Boryslav (Borysław) in the years 1939 to 1945, tries to show how the conflicts were born, how they became embedded in human memory, and, finally, how they were transformed into historical stereotypes. The text concentrates on the crucial moments of World War II in Boryslav and describes how Poles and Ukrainians reacted differently to the consecutive challenges and how these various reactions shaped their relationship. The article ends with a conclusion that the five years of the war tore apart the Poles and Ukrainians of Boryslav and the post-1945 iron Polish-Soviet border divided the both sides and created a situation in which World War II attitudes froze for a long time.
Changing Patterns of Civil Society in Europe and America 1995-2005
Authors: Wallace Caire , Pichler Florian , Haerpfer Christian
Published: January 2012

This article looks at developments in Eastern European civil society (as measured by the participation in organisations) and how this has changed between 1995 and 2005 using the World Values Survey. There are comparisons with Western Europe on the one hand and the United States on the other, which show that although civic participation of this kind has declined in the United States, it remains stable in Europe, including at a low level in Eastern Europe. Surprisingly, there seemed to be little differences between countries that had joined the European Union and those that had not. The article considers reasons for this continued weakness of civil society in Eastern Europe.
The Use of Service-Learning Among Special Education Faculty
Authors: Neeper Lance S. , Dymond Stacy K.
Published: January 2012

The purpose of this study was to describe the use of service-learning (SL) by special education faculty at 4-year colleges and universities across the United States, and to determine faculty attitudes and beliefs about the application of SL in special education. Participants included faculty with experience in SL teaching and/or research in special education ( N = 48). Data were gathered using a survey. Results show that faculty represented a wide range of institutions and had varying levels of SL experience. There was variability in beliefs about and implementation of SL across faculty. Barriers to incorporating SL in courses and research were minimal. Significant differences in attitudes and beliefs were found based on type of institution, size of institution, and size of community.
Maternal Attachment Representations and Initiation and Duration of Breastfeeding
Authors: Scharfe Elaine
Published: January 2012

Despite the evidence that there are considerable benefits of breastfeeding, there are still gaps in understanding why many women have difficulties initiating and maintaining breastfeeding. In this prospective longitudinal study, the factors affecting the initiation and duration of breastfeeding were expanded to include attachment representations, which are known to influence health behaviors as well as one’s ability to cope with stressful situations. Participants (n = 460) completed attachment and depression questionnaires during a prenatal clinic appointment, and in the postpartum period, mothers reported on their mood and breastfeeding behaviors. Consistent with attachment theory and previous research, women with attachment approach orientations were more likely to breastfeed, breastfeed longer, and continue breastfeeding when they experienced initial difficulties. The results of this study demonstrate that it is important to look beyond demographics to understand breastfeeding initiation and duration and provide further evidence that attachment representations influence health decisions.
Voluntary Participation and Self-Governance: A Study of Community Health Volunteering in Kolkata, India
Authors: Banerjea Niharika
Published: January 2012

Participatory strategies have generated a critical body of work examining the meaning of empowerment and urban policy-making in societies undergoing a shift from government to governance. Discussions on the institutionalized limits of participatory policies and genealogies of participatory discourses have often shed inadequate light on the perspective of the economically marginalized. My study draws from ethnographic fieldwork in an urban slum in India and engages with the personal and collective assessments of a group of 18 women volunteering for health improvement in their communities. I look at select instances of self-governance and demonstrate how volunteers seek to transform their social statuses and convince themselves to continue to take responsibility for their community’s health improvement. At the same time, community volunteers are not automatons. Against existing material and social challenges, they develop an ambivalent relationship with their volunteering roles and demand a ‘salary’ equivalent to their ‘work’.
Crack characterisation by detection and classification of nonlinear behaviour using the Hilbert transform
Authors: Rehman Anees U , Worden Keith , Rongong Jem A
Published: January 2012

The presence of a crack in a structure causes a local variation in the stiffness that alters the dynamics of the entire system. This article introduces an approach for crack characterisation by detection and classification of the nonlinearities arising from a crack operating in flexural and torsion modes of vibration. Nonlinearity detection is accomplished by obtaining amplitude dependent frequency response functions, whereas classification is achieved by processing those frequency response functions through the Hilbert transform. For the purpose of illustrating this process, a dog-bone-type specimen is tested. Fatigue cracks of various depths are generated and propagated in the specimen by vibration at resonance. For varying crack depths, a range of excitation levels are used to obtain amplitude dependent frequency response functions from which resonance frequencies and damping levels are extracted. While utilising the Hilbert transform for nonlinearity classification, Haoui correction terms are incorporated for accommodating the issues associated with truncated data, either baseband or zoomed. Corrections terms for residual modes outside the frequency range of interest are neglected.
Simple surrogate models to determine total accessibility duration of low Earth orbit sunsynchronous satellites
Authors: Khamseh Hossein Bonyan , Navabi M
Published: January 2012

Short and infrequent access events are inherent characteristics of low Earth orbit sunsynchronous satellites. Furthermore, for such satellites, distribution pattern of access events varies significantly in time. Thus, determination of the metric of total accessibility duration in a given time interval has been a challenge in the field of low Earth orbit satellite systems engineering. In this article, for zero and conventional non-zero minimum elevation angles, surrogate models were developed to determine total accessibility duration of low Earth orbit satellites, based on orbital altitude of the satellite and latitude of the ground segment. For this purpose, concept of repeatability cycle was employed to achieve total accessibility duration in a time-independent manner. Then, a perturbative propagation model was presented to determine pattern of accessibility events and quantify total accessibility duration metric. In order to account for non-zero minimum elevation angles, two distinct approaches were adopted. In the first approach, four modification factors were introduced to modify the surrogate model for zero elevation angle to account for conventional non-zero minimum elevation angles. In the second approach, a dedicated surrogate model was developed to directly determine total accessibility duration for conventional non-zero minimum elevation angles. Numerous examples are examined to verify fidelity of our two proposed approaches. Due to their simplicity, the surrogate models given in this article eliminate the need for professional staff to determine metric of total accessibility duration. The advantage is that considerable saving in required initial staff cost and schedule can be realized, especially in early mission design phases.
Comparison of micro-computed tomography and laser scanning for reverse engineering orthopaedic component geometries
Authors: Teeter Matthew G , Brophy Paul , Naudie Douglas DR , Holdsworth David W
Published: January 2012

A significant amount of research has been undertaken to evaluate the function of implanted joint replacement components. Many of these studies require the acquisition of an accurate three-dimensional geometric model of the various implant components, using methods such as micro-computed tomography or laser scanning. The purpose of this study was to compare micro-computed tomography and laser scanning for obtaining component geometries. Five never-implanted polyethylene tibial inserts of one type were scanned with both micro-computed tomography and laser scanning to determine the repeatability of each method and measured for any deviations between the geometries acquired from the different scans. Overall, good agreement was found between the micro-computed tomography and laser scans, to within 71 µm on average. Micro-computed tomography was found to have superior repeatability to laser scanning (mean of 1 µm for micro-computed tomography versus 19 µm for laser scans). Micro-computed tomography may be preferred for visualizing small surface features, whereas laser scanning may be preferred for acquiring the geometry of metal objects to avoid computed tomography artifacts. In conclusion, the choice of micro-computed tomography versus laser scanning for acquiring orthopaedic component geometries will likely involve considerations of user preference, the specific application the scan will be used for, and the availability of each system.
Climate Change Law
Authors: Williams Angela
Published: January 2012

This article considers how climate change law, global politics, and governance structures facilitate and sustain economic and social insecurity. Climate change itself targets existing environmental and social vulnerabilities and creates additional pressures on communities already subject to vast degrees of inequity. However, the legal framework developed in response to climate change is increasingly causing concern regarding the extent to which it similarly sustains inequity and insecurity for those most vulnerable. Climate change displacement is considered as a case study scenario to highlight the difficulties faced in creating an adequate and effective legal response that acts to remedy existing insecurity, rather than further sustaining it. Both the way in which ineffectual climate change law fosters insecurity, and the extent to which law creates the structural conditions for insecurity, are examined.
Girl Interrupted
Authors: Enright Máiréad
Published: January 2012

This article discusses the case of Shekinah Egan, an Irish Muslim girl who asked to be allowed to wear the hijab to school. It traces the media and government response to her demand, and frames that demand as a citizenship claim. It focuses in particular on a peculiarity of the Irish response; that the government was disinclined to legislate for the headscarf in the classroom. It argues that – perhaps counter-intuitively – the refusal to make law around the hijab operated to silence the citizenship claims at the heart of the Egan case. To this extent, it was a very particular instance of a broader and ongoing pattern of exclusion of the children of migrants from the Irish public sphere.
Surveillance and securitization: A forgotten Sydney Olympic legacy
Authors: Toohey Kristine , Taylor Tracy
Published: January 2012

The Sydney 2000 Olympic Games were the last Olympic Games held before 9/11. Even though the 2000 Games were held prior to this landmark terrorist incident, Australia implemented a range of increased security processes to safeguard the Games. As such, the Sydney Games provide a compelling case study to examine how Olympic security measures were implemented before and during the Games and how some of these have remained as an Olympic legacy in the post-9/11 era. At the time, the arguments for stringent protection ranged from the need for safety of persons to safeguarding the Australian image or ‘brand’. Many of the measures introduced were low key, for example the introduction of specifically formulated legislation which significantly broadened police powers, and these have remained as a tangible Games legacy. The escalation of concerns for safety beyond the Australian context and the extrapolation of these onto the global stage are an intangible legacy.
From Olympic massacre to the Olympic Stress Syndrome
Authors: Selliaas Andreas
Published: January 2012

In this article I argue that the development of measures against terrorism at the Olympics from the Munich Games in 1972 until today has fostered new national and international security cooperation for the benefit of non-Olympic events. Also I argue that the security organization of the Olympics at present is in a state of Olympic Stress Syndrome. Central to the future organizers of the Olympic Games will be the costs of securing such events, as well as the willingness of spectators and athletes to participate in a sporting event where there is an ever-increasing focus on security and terrorism. Perhaps this heightened focus on security will make the Olympics less interesting – not only for participants and organizers, but also for terrorists?
Team Role Stress
Authors: Savelsbergh Chantal , Gevers Josette M. P. , van der Heijden Beatrice I. J. M. , Poell Rob F.
Published: January 2012

Although role stress literature has almost exclusively focused on individual role incumbents, it is conceivable that shared conditions of ambiguity, conflict, and quantitative or qualitative overload may give rise to a collective experience of role stress in teams. Testing a multilevel mediation model among 38 Dutch project teams ( N = 283), we studied the interplay among individual and team role stress, team learning behaviors, and individual and team performance. Team role stress was discerned as a separate construct next to individual role stress. Team quantitative role overload, in particular, impeded team and individual performance by inhibiting team learning behaviors and, indirectly, also hindered individual performance by increasing individual quantitative overload.
Investigation into the effect of surface roughness on the damping of tack-welded structures using the response surface methodology approach
Authors: Singh Bhagat , Nanda Bijoy Kumar
Published: January 2012

In the present work, the response surface methodology (RSM) approach has been used to investigate the mechanism of interface slip damping in layered tack-welded structures with varying surface roughness. Many experiments have been conducted on a number of mild steel specimens with various roughness conditions at the interfaces to study their effect on the damping capacity of the layered and jointed welded structures. The response is modeled using the RSM approach on experimental data. The significant coefficients are obtained by performing the analysis of variance at a 5% level of significance. The natural frequency and amplitude of excitation, kinematic coefficient of friction, surface roughness and relative dynamic slip at the interfaces have been observed to play vital roles on the damping capacity of such structures. The model sufficiency has been found to be satisfactory as the coefficient of determination ( R2) and adjusted R2-statistic ( R2adj) are found to be 96.9% and 96.8%, respectively.
Bimodal vibration control of seismically excited structures by the liquid column vibration absorber
Authors: Konar Tanmoy , Ghosh Aparna (Dey)
Published: January 2012

The possibility of controlling two modes of structural vibration due to earthquake excitation by considering the sloshing action in the vertical limbs of the liquid column vibration absorber (LCVA) has been explored in this paper. The structure has been modeled as a linear, viscously damped multi-degree-of-freedom (m.d.f.) system. The governing differential equations of motion for the damper liquid and for the coupled structure-LCVA system have been derived from dynamic equilibrium. The nonlinear orifice damping in the LCVA has been linearized by a stochastic equivalent linearization technique. A displacement transfer function formulation for the structure-LCVA system has been presented. The study has been carried out on a 2-d.f. example structure for which both the modes have significant contribution to the total response. The performance of the LCVA has been evaluated in the frequency domain with the base input characterized by a white noise power spectral density function and through a simulation study by subjecting the example structure-LCVA system to a recorded accelerogram. The results are compared with that of the liquid column damper and indicate superior performance of the LCVA. Furthermore, an LCVA has been designed for the example structure.
A projection algorithm for partial eigenvalue assignment problem using implicitly restarted Arnoldi method
Authors: Ramadan Mohamed A , El-Sayed Ehab A
Published: January 2012

The problem of reassigning a part of the open-loop spectrum of a linear system by feedback control, leaving the rest of the spectrum invariant, is called the partial eigenvalue assignment problem. In this paper, a projection method based on a direct use of the implicitly restarted Arnoldi method for the partial eigenvalue assignment problem in linear control systems is presented. The method is of interest in common situations where the system is very large and only a few of its eigenvalues need to be assigned. Numerical examples are given to display the performance and the accuracy of the proposed algorithm.
Natural frequencies of a cantilever beam and block system with clearance while block staying on given position
Authors: Yang Guolai , Yang Jingzhou (James) , Qiang Chen , Ge Jianli , Chen Qiang
Published: January 2012

In this paper, free vibration modes are experimentally and numerically investigated for a cantilever beam and block system with clearance while the block is assumed to be on several positions (the left end of the cantilever; 1 m from the left end; the middle of the cantilever; and the right end) without movement along the cantilever beam in the longitudinal direction. Mathematical expression of clearance stiffness between the beam guide and block is formulated, and the condition when the simplified stiffness formula hold is retrieved based on numerical computation. Stiffness and mass matrices for a beam with varying cross sections are derived. Frequencies and eigenvectors are obtained by Cholesky decomposition and the Jacobi method. The experiment setup is constructed, and the structure and tools for tunable clearance are considered. Modal properties of the system with clearance are measured and analyzed. Finally, experimental results are used to validate the computed frequencies, and there is good agreement between the measured and predicted natural frequencies.
Nonlinear dynamical analysis and parameters optimization of four semi-active on-off dynamic vibration absorbers
Authors: Shen Yong-Jun , Wang Lin , Yang Shao-Pu , Gao Guo-Sheng
Published: January 2012

In this paper the averaging method is used to research the approximately analytical solution of a semi-active on-off dynamic vibration absorber (DVA). At first the approximately analytical solutions for the two existing semi-active on-off DVAs, named as velocity-velocity based ground-hook control and displacement- velocity based ground-hook control, are established by the averaging method. Then two other new semi-active on-off DVAs, named as velocity-displacement based ground-hook control and displacement-displacement based ground-hook control, are presented for the first time in this paper and also researched analytically. Moreover, all the optimal parameters of the four semi-active DVAs, including the stiffness and the maximum and minimum damping ratio of the subsystem, are optimized to make the peak of the displacement transmissibility curve minimum, based on the amplitude-frequency equations from approximately analytical solutions. The comparisons of the displacement transmissibility obtained from the approximate solutions and the numerical ones are fulfilled, and the results certify that the approximate solutions have satisfactory precision. At last, the statistical results of the stochastic responses of the primary systems, including the original single degree-of-freedom system, the optimally passive DVA system, and the four semi-active on-off DVA systems, are obtained when subject to random excitation. The results show that the two new semi-active DVAs presented in this paper are almost as excellent as the existing two semi-active DVAs, and all of the four semi-active DVAs have better control performance than the optimally passive DVA.
Subcutaneous administration of alemtuzumab in patients with highly active multiple sclerosis
Authors: Perumal Jai S , Foo Farng , Cook Perry , Khan Omar
Published: January 2012

Alemtuzumab is an anti-CD52 monoclonal antibody with remarkable efficacy in relapsing multiple sclerosis (MS). In clinical trials and off-label use in MS, alemtuzumab has been administered intravenously (IV). Alemtuzumab is approved for chronic lymphoid leukemia as IV. Oncology guidelines recommend alemtuzumab subcutaneous (SC) over IV. There is no report of alemtuzumab SC in MS. We report two patients with highly active relapsing MS who were treated with SC alemtuzumab, had significant improvement and tolerated SC alemtuzumab well without the typical infusion-associated adverse events. SC alemtuzumab in MS warrants further studies as this may enhance patient convenience and minimize infusion-associated adverse events.
Parenting styles and alcohol consumption among Brazilian adolescents
Authors: Paiva Fernando Santana , Bastos Ronaldo Rocha , Ronzani Telmo Mota
Published: January 2012

Aim: This study evaluates the correlation between alcohol consumption in adolescence and parenting styles of socialization among Brazilian adolescents. The sample was composed of 273 adolescents, 58% whom were males. Instruments were: 1) Sociodemographic Questionnaire; 2) Demand and Responsiveness Scales; 3) Drug Use Screening Inventory (DUSI). Study analyses employed multiple correspondence analysis and logistic regression. Results: Maternal, but not paternal, authoritative and authoritarian parenting styles were directly related to adolescent alcohol intake. Conclusions: The style that mothers use to interact with their children may influence uptake of high-risk behaviors.
The relationship of coping strategies, social support, and attachment style with posttraumatic growth in cancer survivors
Authors: Schmidt Steven D. , Blank Thomas O. , Bellizzi Keith M. , Park Crystal L.
Published: January 2012

This cross-sectional study investigated attachment style, coping strategies, social support, and posttraumatic growth (PTG) in 54 cancer survivors. Secure attachment was significantly associated with active coping, positive reframing, and religion, and these were all associated with PTG. Insecure types of attachment and social support variables were unrelated to PTG. Regression analysis suggests that positive reframing and religion as coping strategies may mediate the relationship between secure attachment and PTG.
Exploring the interaction of patient activation and message design variables: Message frame and presentation mode influence on the walking behavior of patients with type 2 diabetes
Authors: Ledford Christy J.W.
Published: January 2012

Examining interpersonal (physician-patient) communication strategies for promoting walking exercise to patients with type 2 diabetes assigned to primary care clinics, the study evaluated two message design variables—frame and presentation mode—as influencers of communication and adoption success. The single-site, four-week, prospective intervention study followed a 2×3 factorial, non-equivalent comparison group quasi-experimental design. Results showed frame was significantly related to steps walked; however, when including patient activation as an interaction, frame was non-significant. The model including patient activation interactions, however, detected significant mode effects on behavior. Results provide evidence that statistics are most effectively used with activated patients.
Social correlates of distress following hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: Exploring the role of loneliness and cognitive processing
Authors: Mosher Catherine E , Lepore Stephen J , Wu Lisa , Austin Jane , Valdimarsdottir Heiddis , Rowley Scott , Isola Luis , Redd William H , Rini Christine
Published: January 2012

This study investigated whether loneliness and cognitive processing explain the influence of negative (social constraints) and positive (emotional support) relationship qualities on cancer survivors’ distress. Participants were 195 cancer survivors who had undergone hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Path analysis supported the hypothesis that loneliness and cognitive processing would mediate the association between social constraints and distress. Only loneliness mediated the association between emotional support and distress – an indirect effect significant only when support came from family and friends rather than a partner. Findings suggest that addressing social constraints may enhance cancer survivors’ adjustment.
Investigating mothers’ decisions about their child’s sun-protective behaviour using the Theory of Planned Behaviour
Authors: Thomson Courtney E. , White Katherine M. , Hamilton Kyra
Published: January 2012

This study tested the utility of the Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB) to predict mothers’ decisions to ensure their child engages in sun-protective behaviours. Mothers ( N = 162) of children aged four or five years completed standard TPB items (attitude, subjective norm, perceived behavioural control, intention) and additional variables of role construction, mothers’ own sun safe behaviour, planning and past behaviour. One week later, participants ( N = 116) reported their behaviour. Results found support for the TPB constructs, role construction, past behaviour and the mediating role of planning. These findings can inform strategies to prevent skin cancer.
Receptive multilingualism in an immigrant constellation: Examples from Turkish–German children’s language
Authors: Herkenrath Annette
Published: January 2012

This article investigates receptive bilingualism in elicited narrative conversations with Turkish–German children who have grown up in a setting of tension between productive and receptive competences: an immigrant situation with subtractive bilingualism. The acquisitional situation of the children tends to be bilingual in the preschool years, sometimes with a preference for Turkish, shifting towards German at the expense of Turkish as the children enter school. The further development of Turkish depends on communicative practices within the family and the attention given to immigrant languages within the school system. From a starting point of discourse passages in which adults speak entirely in Turkish while children respond in German, the article then focuses more closely on the longitudinal development of one child from the age of 7 to 11. The study documents empirical evidence of productive, non-productive and receptive competence in Turkish at different ages, and in particular the understanding and productive use of one complex subordinating construction. Keeping in mind the lexical and grammatical differences between German and Turkish, which preclude receptive multilingualism on the basis of similarity, the article suggests an expansion of the concept of ‘receptive multilingualism’ to include cases of acquired receptive knowledge.
The World Cup effect: Using football to engage men with dementia
Authors: Solari Chiara A. , Solomons Luke
Published: January 2012

Engagement of older men with dementia in traditional activities in healthcare settings can be challenging. During the World Cup 2010, we used a football quiz to engage memory clinic attendees and gauge enthusiasm for a regular football reminiscence project. Based on reports from carers, all of the men who had previously been interested in football were stimulated by the activity and half of the male participants wished to continue a football-themed project beyond the trial period.
Qualitative exploration of psychological factors associated with spinal cord stimulation outcome
Authors: Sparkes Elizabeth , Duarte Rui V , Raphael Jon H , Denny Elaine , Ashford Robert L
Published: January 2012

Background and aim: Spinal cord stimulation (SCS) is a last resort treatment for chronic pain consisting of an implantable pulse generator connected to leads placed in the epidural space of the spinal cord. Effective in reducing chronic pain, however, efficacy has been found to decrease over time. Psychological factors affecting outcome of SCS have been investigated through quantitative methods, but these have failed to provide confident predictors. We aimed to investigate via a qualitative approach, the experience of SCS following 1 year of therapy.

Methods: Thirteen chronic non-cancer pain participants were interviewed. All participants had been trialled with SCS. The majority had gone on to full implantation with varying degrees of pain relief. Thematic analysis was employed to analyse the data from the interviews.

Results: Interviews resulted in findings that previous quantitative studies had failed to uncover. Two emergent core themes surfaced: ‘coping with pain’ and ‘SCS treatment’. The effect of emotion upon coping was recurrent. Participants divided the SCS experience into information provision, independence and unexpected experiences.

Conclusion: The findings provide context for the patients’ experience of SCS. This research suggests that improved preparation prior to SCS including information provision, CBT and contact with expert patients may be of value.
The Power of Good Intentions
Authors: Gray Kurt
Published: January 2012

The experience of physical stimuli would seem to depend primarily on their physical characteristics—chocolate tastes good, getting slapped hurts, and snuggling is pleasurable. This research examined, however, whether physical experience is influenced by the interpersonal context in which stimuli occur. Specifically, three studies examined whether perceiving benevolent intentions behind stimuli can improve their experience. Experiment 1 tested whether benevolently intended shocks hurt less, Experiment 2 tested whether benevolently intended massages were more pleasurable, and Experiment 3 tested whether benevolently intended candy tastes sweeter. The results confirm that good intentions—even misguided ones—can sooth pain, increase pleasure, and make things taste better. More broadly, these studies suggest that basic physical experience depends upon how we perceive the minds of others.