bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Gendering the Climate Justice: Post-colonial Ecofeminism in Pakistan
Authors: Maria Mansab  , Saad Ali Khan
Published: December 2023

The primary objective of this research is to enhance the understanding of environmental behavior within the context of ‘Eco-feminist Activity’ in Pakistan. This purpose has been partially achieved through the analysis of Scholarly Literature; Media Representations; Initiatives by environmental non-governmental organizations; and the actions undertaken by activists. The involvement of women in environmental conservation is of paramount importance in the context of development. However, this study presents compelling evidence of a noteworthy correlation between the environment and women. The main aim of this study is to enhance the comprehension regarding various elements that contribute to climate change, including but not limited to population expansion, deforestation, pollution, and demographic shifts. The cultural dimensions of ecofeminism have led to an increased environmental consciousness among women worldwide, including those in Pakistan. The primary objective of this study is to examine the various factors that contribute to; climate change, namely population increase, deforestation, pollution, and demographic changes. This study uses a gender analysis methodology to examine and propose practical remedies for the aforementioned concerns. The active engagement of ecofeminist women in policymaking is of utmost importance. The distinctive viewpoint that these people hold as active participants in the societal environment and biological ecosystem can explain the aforementioned occurrence.
TERAPI SENI PADA PASIEN DALAM PERAWATAN PALIATIF: SEBUAH LAPORAN KASUS
Authors: WAHYUDIANTO NUR , ARIANI NI KETUT PUTRI , WARDANI IDA AJU KUSUMA
Published: December 2023

Palliative care is a medical approach that aims to improve the quality of life of patients facing serious and incurable illnesses. Communication and expression of emotions in patients in palliative care is often a challenge. Art therapy has gained attention as an additional approach to helping patients overcome communication difficulties and express feelings. A 39 year old man suffering from advanced cancer. During hospitalization, patients often look sad, anxious and irritable. The art therapy chosen by the patient was drawing using drawing books and colored pencils as media. Art therapy sessions help patients feel calmer and reduce anxiety related to palliative care. The application of art therapy results in a marked improvement in the patient's ability to communicate and express emotions. Patients engage in various artistic media to convey feelings and thoughts that were previously difficult to articulate verbally. Art therapy has the potential to improve communication and emotional expression in patients undergoing palliative care. This approach can be an important complement to holistic care for patients with serious illnesses.
ABSTRAKPerawatan paliatif merupakan pendekatan medis yang bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kualitas hidup pasien yang menghadapi penyakit serius dan tidak dapat disembuhkan. Komunikasi dan ekspresi emosi pada pasien dalam perawatan paliatif sering kali menjadi tantangan. Art therapy telah mendapatkan perhatian sebagai pendekatan tambahan dalam membantu pasien mengatasi kesulitan komunikasi dan mengungkapkan perasaan. Seorang laki-laki berusia 39 tahun yang menderita kanker stadium lanjut. Selama dirawat di rumah sakit, pasien sering terlihat sedih, cemas dan mudah tersinggung. Art therapy yang dipilih oleh pasien adalah menggambar dengan media berupa buku gambar dan pensil warna. Sesi art therapy membantu pasien merasa lebih tenang dan mengurangi kecemasan terkait perawatan paliatif. Penerapan art therapy menghasilkan peningkatan yang nyata dalam kemampuan pasien untuk berkomunikasi dan mengekspresikan emosi. Pasien terlibat dalam berbagai media seni untuk menyampaikan perasaan dan pikiran yang sebelumnya sulit diartikulasikan secara verbal. Art therapy memiliki potensi untuk meningkatkan komunikasi dan ekspresi emosi pada pasien yang menjalani perawatan paliatif. Pendekatan ini dapat menjadi pelengkap penting dalam perawatan holistik bagi pasien dengan penyakit serius.
PENINGKATAN KEMAMPUAN PROBLEM SOLVING SISWA DALAM MATA PELAJARAN MATEMATIKA MELALUI IMPLEMENTASI PENDEKATAN PEMBELAJARAN KREATIF DI KELAS VII A SMP NEGERI 1 KETUNGAU HULU
Authors: YULIANA YULIANA
Published: December 2023

The purpose of this research is to determine the implementation of a creative learning approach to improve the problem solving abilities of class VII A students at SMP Negeri 1 Ketungau Hulu and to determine the increase in problem solving abilities of class VII A students at SMP Negeri 1 Ketungau Hulu after using the creative learning approach. The type of research used is the Kemmis and Mc Taggart model of classroom action research which consists of four stages, namely planning, implementation, observation and reflection. The subjects of this research were 29 students in class VII A of SMP Negeri 1 Ketungau Hulu. The data collection techniques used are observation, documentation and tests. The results of this research show that there is an increase in the problem solving abilities of class VII A students at SMP Negeri 1 Ketungau Hulu in mathematics subjects. After using a creative learning approach, the problem solving abilities of class VII A students at SMP Negeri 1 Ketungau Hulu increased. In the pre-cycle, the average score for students' problem solving abilities was 60.98, classical completeness was 37.93%, and was included in the sufficient criteria. In cycle I, the average score for students' problem solving abilities was 73.91, classical completeness was 65.51%, and was included in the sufficient criteria. In cycle II the average score for students' problem solving abilities was 83.79, classical completeness was 93.10%, and was included in the good criteria.

ABSTRAKTujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pelaksanaan pendekatan pembelajaran kreatif untuk meningkatkan kemampuan problem solving siswa kelas VII A SMP Negeri 1 Ketungau Hulu dan untuk mengetahui peningkatan kemampuan problem solving siswa kelas VII A SMP Negeri 1 Ketungau Hulu setelah digunakan pendekatan pembelajaran kreatif. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian tindakan kelas model Kemmis dan Mc Taggart yang terdiri dari empat tahap, yaitu perencanaan, pelaksanaan, observasi, dan refleksi. Subjek penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas VII A SMP Negeri 1 Ketungau Hulu yang berjumlah 29 orang siswa. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah observasi, dokumentasi, dan tes. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa ada peningkatan kemampuan problem solving siswa kelas VII A SMP Negeri 1 Ketungau Hulu pada mata pelajaran matematika. Setelah digunakan pendekatan pembelajaran kreatif, kemampuan problem solving siswa kelas VII A SMP Negeri 1 Ketungau Hulu mengalami peningkatan. Pada pra siklus nilai rata-rata kemampuan problem solving siswa adalah 60,98, ketuntasan klasikal 37,93%, dan masuk dalam kriteria cukup. Pada siklus I nilai rata-rata kemampuan problem solving siswa adalah 73,91, ketuntasan klasikal 65,51%, dan masuk dalam kriteria cukup. Pada siklus II nilai rata-rata kemampuan problem solving siswa adalah 83,79, ketuntasan klasikal 93,10%, dan masuk dalam kriteria baik.
HEMORRAGIA PÓS-PARTO E A MORTALIDADE MATERNA: PERFIL EPIDEMIOLÓGICO
Authors: Costa Rômulo Carvalho , Lima Trícia Waleska Cordeiro Carneiro , Moreira Gabrielle dos Santos , Rollemberg Carlos Eduardo Vieira , Ferreira Isabella Lisboa , Prado Carla Azevedo , Oliveira Maria Eduarda Ribeiro de , Nascimento Filho Thiago Barreto do , Melo Maria Eduarda Gonçalves Ferreira , Silveira Vanessa Fonseca Carvalho , Paradis Rafael Joseph Macedo , Nascimento Gabriel Oliveira Araújo do , Melo João Guilherme de Holanda , Leite Rodrigo Pessoa
Published: December 2023

Introdução: A mortalidade materna é vista como um problema de saúde pública no Brasil, principalmente em mulheres com baixa renda e baixo nível de escolaridade. Dentre as causas dessa mortalidade, a principal é a hemorragia pós-parto. Objetivos: Este artigo objetiva trazer uma análise quantitativa e temporal sobre as características epidemiológicas da hemorragia pós-parto nas regiões brasileiras, no período de Janeiro de 2012 a Agosto de 2023. Metodologia: Foi realizado um estudo descritivo utilizando de dados disponíveis e coletados no Departamento de informática do Sistema Único de Saúde. Resultados: Ocorreram mais de 27.000 notificações. A HPP atinge mais frequentemente indivíduos entre 15 e 39 anos e de pele parda. Sobre a região com maior número de internações, gastos hospitalares, óbitos hospitalares, neste estudo mostrou que foi a região Sudeste, porém a média de dias de internação é maior na região Nordeste. Discussão: HPP é uma das principais causas de mortalidade no Brasil e está associada a baixa renda e baixo nível de escolaridade. Conclusão: É necessário a identificação dos fatores de risco e reconhecimento precoce de uma possível hemorragia, diminuindo consequentemente a mortalidade materna no país.

Palavras-chave: Hemorragia Pós-Parto; Mortalidade Materna; Período Pós-Parto.
ORGANIZAÇÃO CRIMINOSA TRANSNACIONAL: A INTERNACIONALIZAÇÃO DO PRIMEIRO COMANDO DA CAPITAL
Authors: Castro Alessandra de Brito , Costa Cícero Henrique de Oliveira , Cunha Joélio Mendonça Rodrigues , Lima Jairo de Sousa
Published: December 2023

O artigo aborda a evolução do Direito Penal em cotejo com Direito Internacional com enfoque na temática da Internacionalização do Primeiro Comando da Capital, organização criminosa que surgiu dentro do sistema prisional do Estado de São Paulo, com um grupo pequeno de presos e que atualmente possui capacidade de estabelecer conexões em outros países pra realizar suas atividades além do território nacional. O presente artigo fora divido em 4 capítulos. O primeiro capítulo dedicará a contextualização do crime organizado, bem como o posicionamento da convenção de Palermo que é um meio global de combater o crime organizado e por fim a conceituação do crime transnacional. O segundo capítulo acompanhará o surgimento e a evolução da história do PCC, o grupo surgiu mediante a ausência do Estado nos cuidados dentro dos presídios brasileiros. O terceiro capítulo aborda a internacionalização do Primeiro Comando da Capital nas circunstâncias das fronteiras. Por fim no quarto capítulo, apresentamos a política internacional e nacional no combate, como o Brasil enfrenta a situação atual na segurança pública e como a antinarcóticos dos EUA para América Latina procede um diferencial no sistema do combate. O processo da internacionalização é um caminho que viabiliza mais poder para a organização.
APLICAÇÃO DO KINESIO TAPE COMO RECURSO TERAPÊUTICO PARA ALÍVIO DA LOMBALGIA EM GESTANTES: UMA REVISÃO INTEGRATIVA
Authors: Urankar Lorrie Silva , Prado Tirza Melo Sathler
Published: December 2023

Esta é uma revisão integrativa da literatura que teve por objetivo geral realizar uma revisão para relatar quais são os benefícios gerados pela aplicação do kinesio tape em gestantes com dor na coluna lombar. Com os objetivos específicos divididos em: analisar e relatar os aspectos que auxiliam para o alívio da dor lombar em gestantes, constatar quais os mecanismos que contribuem para melhora da deambulação e expor os fatores que fazem o kinesio tape reduzir a sobrecarga na região lombar e pélvica das gestantes. Uma pesquisa bibliográfica foi realizada no período de agosto a novembro de 2023. Foram utilizadas as seguintes bases de dados: PubMed, Scielo, BVS e PEDro; utilizando os descritores “Dor Lombar”, “Fita Atlética”, “Gravidez”, "Terapêutica" e seus correlatos em inglês. Após aplicação dos critérios de inclusão e exclusão, foram incluídos no estudo quatro artigos. A partir dos resultados encontrados nesta pesquisa, conclui-se que o kinesio tape é um recurso terapêutico eficaz no alívio da dor lombar em gestantes. Entretanto, não foram observados efeitos terapêuticos a longo prazo. Recomenda-se novos estudos na área para embasar a prática clínica do fisioterapeuta.
O ENFERMEIRO NAVEGADOR NO CONTEXTO ASSISTENCIAL AO PACIENTE ONCOLÓGICO - REVISÃO INTEGRATIVA DE LITERATURA
Authors: Azevedo Thamires Maria de Toledo , Pinheiro Daiane de Oliveira , Silva Elaine Reda
Published: December 2023

O reconhecimento da importância da efetiva aderência do paciente oncológico ao plano terapêutico com vistas a melhores desfechos, trouxe para evidência o desenvolvimento de um processo assistencial de navegação de pacientes. Assim, este estudo teve como objetivo analisar a atuação do enfermeiro navegador no contexto da assistência ao paciente oncológico. Tratou-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura através da base de dados Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS) e Google Acadêmico, realizada no mês de maio de 2023. Os resultados encontrados neste estudo destacaram três áreas temáticas: competências dos enfermeiros navegadores e/ou benefícios dos programas de navegação (6); avalição dos resultados obtidos através da navegação de pacientes (3); contribuições para melhorar os programas de navegação de pacientes oncológicos (3). Logo, verificou-se, nos artigos selecionados, que há poucos estudos no Brasil relacionados a implementação do programa de navegação, porém, constatou-se que a atuação do enfermeiro navegador no país vem se destacando, visto que os resultados, diante da assistência ofertada, são positivos tanto para o sistema de saúde, quanto para os pacientes envolvidos.
Long-term studies of the summer wind in the mesosphere and lower thermosphere at middle and high latitudes over Europe
Authors: Jaen Juliana , Renkwitz Toralf , Liu Huixin , Jacobi Christoph , Wing Robin , Kuchař Aleš , Tsutsumi Masaki , Gulbrandsen Njål , Chau Jorge L.
Published: December 2023

Abstract. Continuous wind measurements using partial-reflection radars and specular meteor radars have been carried out for nearly 2 decades (2004–2022) at middle and high latitudes over Germany (∼ 54° N) and northern Norway (∼ 69° N), respectively. They provide crucial data for understanding the long-term behavior of winds in the mesosphere and lower thermosphere. Our investigation focuses on the summer season, characterized by the low energy contribution from tides and relatively stable stratospheric conditions. This work presents the long-term behavior, variability, and trends of the maximum velocity of the summer eastward, westward, and southward winds. In addition, the geomagnetic influence on the summer zonal and meridional wind is explored at middle and high latitudes. The results show a mesospheric westward summer maximum located around 75 km with velocities of 35–54 m s−1, while the lower-thermospheric eastward wind maximum is observed at ∼ 97 km with wind speeds of 25–40 m s−1. A weaker southward wind peak is found around 86 km, ranging from 9 to 16 m s−1. The findings indicate significant trends at middle latitudes in the westward summer maxima with increasing winds over the past decades, while the southward winds show a decreasing trend. On the other hand, only the eastward wind in July has a decreasing trend at high latitudes. Evidence of oscillations around 2–3, 4, and 6 years modulate the maximum velocity of the summer winds. In particular, a periodicity between 10.2 and 11.3 years found in the westward component is more significant at middle latitudes than at high latitudes, possibly due to solar radiation. Furthermore, stronger geomagnetic activity at high latitudes causes an increase in eastward wind velocity, whereas the opposite effect is observed in zonal jets at middle latitudes. The meridional component appears to be disturbed during high geomagnetic activity, with a notable decrease in the northward wind strength below approximately 80 km at both latitudes.
Mathematical optimization and machine learning to support PCB topology identification
Authors: Cahani Ilda , Stiemer Marcus
Published: December 2023

Abstract. In this paper, we study an identification problem for schematics with different concurring topologies. A framework is proposed, that is both supported by mathematical optimization and machine learning algorithms. Through the use of Python libraries, such as scikit-rf, which allows for the emulation of network analyzer measurements, and a physical microstrip line simulation on PCBs, data for training and testing the framework are provided. In addition to an individual treatment of the concurring topologies and subsequent comparison, a method is introduced to tackle the identification of the optimum topology directly via a standard optimization or machine learning setup: An encoder-decoder sequence is trained with schematics of different topologies, to generate a flattened representation of the rated graph representation of the considered schematics. Still containing the relevant topology information in encoded (i.e., flattened) form, the so obtained latent space representations of schematics can be used for standard optimization of machine learning processes. Using now the encoder to map schematics on latent variables or the decoder to reconstruct schematics from their latent space representation, various machine learning and optimization setups can be applied to treat the given identification task. The proposed framework is presented and validated for a small model problem comprising different circuit topologies.
Egbert von Lepel and the Invention of the Spark-Gap Transmitter
Authors: Mathis Wolfgang
Published: December 2023

Abstract. On 29 October 1923, radio broadcasting or “Rundfunk” was officially opened in the Voxhaus in Berlin and thus the new communication medium was now also available in Germany, but later than in other countries such as the US and the UK. However, first experiments with wireless telephony, which is the technical basis of this medium, were carried out more than ten years earlier (Pungs, 1922; Mathis, 2019; Titze and Mathis, 2020; Mathis and Titze, 2021). One of the pioneers of this technology was the German Egbert von Lepel, who developed in 1907 a new concept of wireless transmitters that was also suitable for use in wireless telephony. The concept later became known as the quenched spark-gap transmitter (“Löschfunkensender”) or ”Singing Spark” transmitter where a specific variant was developed by the Gesellschaft für Drahtlose Telegraphie (GDT: “Wireless Telegraph Society”), System Telefunken. This article discusses the history of this type of transmitter using new historical sources from national and international archives. It turns out that contrary to what is known on this subject from almost all publications on the history of early wireless technology, the German Imperial Patent Office decided in January 1911 that Lepel's patent was granted as the most fundamental for quenched spark-gap transmitters. With the disclosure of this important historical source, the question of the origin of the invention of the quenched spark-gap transmitter must be reassessed.
Dakar Niño variability under global warming investigated by a high-resolution regionally coupled model
Authors: Koseki Shunya , Vázquez Rúben , Cabos William , Gutiérrez Claudia , Sein Dmitry V. , Bachèlery Marie-Lou
Published: December 2023

Abstract. In this study, we investigated the interannual variability of sea surface temperature (SST) along the northwest African coast and the strong Dakar Niño and Niña events, and their potential changes under the highest emission scenario RCP8.5 of global warming using a high-resolution regional coupled model. Our model accurately reproduces the SST seasonal cycle along the northwest African coast and its interannual variability in terms of amplitude, timing, and position of the maximum variability. Comparing the Dakar Niño variability between the 1980–2010 and 2069–2099 periods, we found that its variability intensifies under a warmer climate without changing its location and timing. The intensification is more pronounced during the Dakar Niñas (cold SST events) than during Niños (warm SST events) and the ocean temperature variability is connected more deeply with the Dakar Niño variability (vertical motion is more deeply correlated with Dakar Niño variability). The increase of Dakar Niño variability can be explained by the larger variability in meridional wind stresses, which is likely to be amplified in the future by enhanced land-sea thermal contrast and associated sea-level pressure anomalies elongated from the Iberian-Mediterranean area. In addition, the ocean temperature is warmed more effectively above 40m depth, where the temperature anomaly is maximum, i.e., the stratification is reinforced around 40m depth. This enhanced stratification may also lead to an increase in the amplitude of the Dakar Niño/Niña events.
Late Neogene terrestrial climate reconstruction of the central Namib Desert derived by the combination of U–Pb silcrete and terrestrial cosmogenic nuclide exposure dating
Authors: Ritter Benedikt , Albert Richard , Rakipov Aleksandr , Van der Wateren Frederik M. , Dunai Tibor J. , Gerdes Axel
Published: December 2023

Abstract. The chronology of the Cenozoic “Namib Group” of the Namib Desert is rather poorly understood and lacks direct radiometric dating. Thus, the paleoclimate and landscape evolution of the central Namib Desert remains imprecise, complicating the detailed search for global and/or local forcing factors for the aridification of the Namib. The widespread occurrence of calcretes and silcretes in the Namib Desert allows us to apply the novel application of the U–Pb laser ablation dating technique on silcretes and calcretes to date important phases of landscape stability and to retrieve critical paleoclimatic and environmental information on desertification and its paleoclimatic variability. Microscale silcrete formation (maximum of 8 mm) due to pressure solution by expanding calcrete cementation provides the opportunity to date multiple phases (multiple generations of silcrete as growing layers or shells) of silcrete formation. Groundwater silcrete and calcrete formation occurred at our study site during the Pliocene, a period of relatively stable climate and landscape conditions under semi-arid to arid conditions. Terrestrial cosmogenic nuclide (TCN) exposure ages from flat canyon rim surfaces indicate the cessation of groundwater calcrete formation due to incision during the Late Pliocene–Early Pleistocene and mark a large-scale landscape rejuvenation due to climate shifts towards more arid conditions in the Pleistocene, which can be connected to global climate patterns. This study demonstrates the feasibility of applying U–Pb laser ablation to groundwater silcrete and calcretes, discusses several important issues associated with this technique, and opens up the possibility of dating numerous sedimentary sequences containing silcretes and calcretes in arid environments. In particular, the use of silcretes (as described above) reduces potential effects of detrital components and bulk signal measurements by using massive calcretes. Our study redefines and improves the generally accepted Late Cenozoic chronostratigraphy of the Namib Desert (Miller, 2008).
Editorial: Infrastructures and migration
Authors: Müller Anna-Lisa , Tuitjer Leonie
Published: December 2023

Abstract. The article intends to bring together two perspectives on analysing and understanding societal developments and transformations. It takes infrastructures and migration as cases to discuss how a focus on infrastructures' role in migration processes can inform migration studies and how, in turn, a focus on migration processes can inform studies on and theories of infrastructures. Based on the assumption that studies on infrastructures can be carried out in all fields of society, as we find infrastructures in all societal sectors, and that migration, in turn, affects all fields of society and all its sectors, we shed light on the particular forms that infrastructures take in the course of migration journeys and the actors that are involved; the effects the infrastructures have on migrants and their (im-)mobility; the role they play before, during and after the migration; and how they are co-constituted by actors and co-create social, spatial and physical settings. The article provides the reader with an overview of key strands of research in both infrastructure studies and migration studies and develops an infrastructure-sensitive perspective for research carried out in the field of migration studies.
NEWTS1.0: Numerical model of coastal Erosion by Waves and Transgressive Scarps
Authors: Palermo Rose V. , Perron J. Taylor , Soderblom Jason M. , Birch Samuel P. D. , Hayes Alexander G. , Ashton Andrew D.
Published: December 2023

Abstract. Models of rocky coast erosion help us understand the physical phenomena that control coastal morphology and evolution, infer the processes shaping coasts in remote environments, and evaluate risk from natural hazards and future climate change. Existing models, however, are highly complex, computationally expensive, and depend on many input parameters; this limits our ability to explore planform erosion of rocky coasts over long timescales (100s to 100,000s years) and a range of conditions. In this paper, we present a simplified cellular model of coastline evolution through uniform erosion and wave-driven erosion. Uniform erosion is modeled as a constant rate of retreat. Wave erosion is modeled as a function of fetch, the distance over which the wind blows to generate waves, and the angle between the incident wave and the shoreline. This reduced complexity model can be used to evaluate how a detachment-limited coastal landscape reflects climate, sea level history, material properties, and the relative influence of different erosional processes.
Biocrust-reduced soil water retention and soil infiltration in an alpine Kobresia meadow
Authors: Dai Licong , Fu Ruiyu , Guo Xiaowei , Du Yangong , Cao Guangmin , Zhou Huakun , Hu Zhongmin
Published: December 2023

Abstract. Biocrust is a key component of ecosystems and plays a vital role in altering hydrological processes in terrestrial ecosystems. The impacts of biocrust on hydrological processes in arid and semi-arid ecosystems have been widely documented. However, the effects and mechanisms of biocrust on soil hydrological processes in alpine ecosystems are still poorly understood. In this study, we selected two meadow types from the northern Qinghai–Tibet Plateau: normal Kobresia meadow (NM) and biocrust meadow (BM). Both the soil hydrological and physicochemical properties were examined. We found that, in the 0–30 cm soil layer, soil water retention and soil water content in NM were higher than those in BM, whereas the 30–40 cm layer's soil water retention and soil water content in NM were lower than those in BM. The topsoil infiltration rate in BM was lower than that in NM. Furthermore, the physicochemical properties were different between NM and BM. The 0–10 cm soil layer's clay content in BM was 9 % higher than that in NM, whereas the 0–30 cm layer's soil capillary porosity in NM was higher than that in BM. In addition, the 0–20 cm layer's soil total nitrogen (TN) and soil organic matter (SOM) in NM were higher than those in BM, implying that the presence of biocrust may not favor the formation of soil nutrients owing to its lower soil microbial biomass carbon and microbial biomass nitrogen. Overall, soil water retention was determined by SOM by altering the soil capillary porosity and bulk density. Our findings suggest that the establishment of cyanobacteria crust biocrust may not improve soil water retention and infiltration, and the soil in cyanobacteria crust meadows could be more vulnerable to runoff generation and consequent soil erosion. These results provide a systematic and comprehensive understanding of the effects of biocrust on the soil hydrology of alpine ecosystems.
USING A MIDTERM WARNING SYSTEM TO IMPROVE STUDENT PERFORMANCE AND ENGAGEMENT IN AN INTRODUCTORY STATISTICS COURSE: A RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL
Authors: ROTONDI NOOSHIN , RUDOLER DAVID , HUNTER WILLIAM , SANUSI OLAYINKA , COLLIER CHRIS , ROTONDI MICHAEL
Published: December 2023

This article reports on an  evaluation the effectiveness of e-mailed grade “nudges” on students’ performance and engagement in an introductory statistics course for undergraduate health science students. In 2020–2021, 358 students were randomized to an e-mail (n = 178) or no e-mail (n = 180) group. The intervention e-mail contained information on each student’s predicted final grade (grade nudge). Using two-sample t-tests, the statistical analysis of final grades in the course showed a higher compatibility with a model of no mean difference for students in the e-mail (73.5%) vs. no e-mail (72.1%) group. Comparison of the distributions of final grades between the two groups, however, suggested the e-mailed nudges may be related to slight improvements in final grades. Specifically, the median final grade was higher in the e-mail group (74.6 vs. 72.4); the Q1 value in the e-mail group was also higher, and the interquartile range was similar: no e-mail group (15.8) vs. e-mail group (14.2). Students also completed the Scale of Student Engagement in Statistics (SSE-S). Total engagement, affective and cognitive subscale scores of the SSE-S were higher in the e-mail group, resulting in low compatibility with a model of no difference in engagement scores. Overall, the results showed there is potential for our midterm warning system to be used to improve outcomes, particularly given that it is simple to implement, cost-effective, and easily scalable.
ANALYSING COSTA RICAN AND SPANISH STUDENTS’ COMPARISONS OF PROBABILITIES AND RATIOS
Authors: BATANERO CARMEN , HERNÁNDEZ-SOLÍS LUIS A. , GEA MARÍA M.
Published: December 2023

We present an exploratory study of Costa Rican and Spanish students’ (11–16-year-olds) competence to compare probabilities in urns and compare ratios in mixture problems. A sample of 704 students in Grades 6 through to Grade 10, 292 from Costa Rica and 412 from Spain, were given one of two forms of a questionnaire with three probability comparison and three ratio comparison problems each. The full questionnaire consisting of both forms covers six different proportional reasoning levels for each type of problem. We analysed the percentages of correct responses to the items and the strategies used by students in each grade and in each country. The results suggest students had the highest difficulty in comparing probabilities for items at the same proportional reasoning level. The results also point to the probabilistic biases in students’ responses, although these biases were less frequent than in previous research.
IMPROVING THE ENERGY EFFICIENCY OF ALUMINUM PRODUCTION USING THE TECHNOLOGY OF PREHEATING ANODES
Authors: Кондратьев В.В. , Сысоев И.А. , Колосов А.Д. , Константинова М.В. , Гладких В.А. , Карлина Ю.И.
Published: December 2023

Предложено решение по повышению энергетической эффективности производства алюминия с использованием технологии предварительного нагрева обожженных анодов. Проведен расчет сокращения расхода электроэнергии, и дана оценка преимуществ технологии предварительного нагрева обожженных анодов. Организованы и проведены опытно-промышленные испытания технологии предварительного нагрева анодов. Представлены результаты математического моделирования и практических испытаний технологии. После окончания операции по замене анодных блоков производились измерения значения силы тока на анододержателе опытного анода и на анодах-свидетелях. Теоретическая экономия электроэнергии для 200 электролизеров на силу тока 300–350 кА превышает 6 млн кВт·ч электроэнергии в год при отсутствии значимых капитальных затрат. Внедрение технологии требует незначительного изменения уровня операционных затрат вследствие изменения логистики хранения и доставки анодов перед их заменой.

The article proposes a solution to improve the energy efficiency of aluminum production using the technology of preheating of annealed anodes. The calculation of the reduction of electricity consumption is carried out and the advantages of the preheating technology of annealed anodes are evaluated. Pilot tests of the technology of preheating anodes were organized and conducted. The results of mathematical modeling and practical tests of the annealed anodes heating technology are presented. After the end of the operation to replace the anode blocks, the current values were measured on the anode holders of the experimental anode and on the witness anodes. The theoretical energy savings for 200 electrolyzers with a current of 300-350 kA exceeds 6 million kWh of electricity per year in the absence of significant capital costs. The introduction of the technology requires a slight change in the level of operating costs due to changes in the logistics of storage and delivery of anodes before their replacement.
CHARPY IMPACT TOUGHNESS AND MICROSTRUCTURE OF LOW-ALLOY STEEL WELD PRODUCED BY AUTOMATIC SUBMERGED ARC WELDING
Authors: Кантор М.М. , Воркачев К.Г. , Степанов П.П. , Жарков С.В. , Эфрон Л.И. , Боженов В.А.
Published: December 2023

Проведено сопоставление ударной вязкости, микроструктуры и особенностей изломов образцов сварного шва низколегированной стали, полученного автоматической сваркой под флюсом. Установлено, что при нанесении надреза по оси сварного шва разрушение происходит по крупным зернам зернограничного феррита размером 80–140 мкм с неблагоприятной ориентацией плоскостей скола {001}. Сочетание с неметаллическими включениями размером 3–5 мкм облегчает зарождение транскристаллитного скола. Показано влияние размера зерен аустенита, кристаллографической текстуры и межзеренного разрушения на величину ударной вязкости. Непрерывные цепочки зернограничного феррита на фронте магистральной трещины выстраиваются вдоль параллельных надрезу границ столбчатых зерен осевой ориентации, что повышает склонность к транскристаллитному сколу. В то же время при боковой ориентации столбчатых зерен бывшего аустенита линия фронта магистральной трещины пересекает лишь отдельные несвязанные между собой участки зернограничного феррита. При нанесении надреза со смещением отмечены более высокие значения ударной вязкости и пластичности.

A comparison of the impact toughness, microstructure and fracture features of low-alloy steel weld samples produced by automatic submerged Arc welding has been carried out. It is established that in the case of an incision along the axis of the weld, fracture occurs along a large grain of grain boundary ferrite 80–140 microns in size with an unfavorable orientation of the cleavage planes {001}. The combination of such grains with nonmetallic inclusions of 3–5 microns in size facilitates the cleavage initiation. The influence of austenite grain size, crystallographic texture and intergranular fracture on the impact strength is shown. Continuous chains of grain boundary ferrite at the front of the main crack line up along the boundaries of parallel to the incision columnar grains of axial orientation, which in turn increases the tendency to transcrystalline cleavage. At the same time, the lateral orientation of prior austenite columnar grains predetermines that, the front line of the main crack intersects only certain disconnected areas of grain boundary ferrite. Shifted incision results in both Charpy impact toughness and plasticity increase of steel weld metal.
COMPOSITION, STRUCTURE AND PROPERTIES OF CARBIDE PRODUCTS MADE OF ELECTROEROSIVE POWDERS OBTAINED FROM SOLID ALLOY WASTE T5K10 IN WATER
Authors: Агеев Е.В. , Агеева Е.В.
Published: December 2023

В работе рассмотрены принципы сопряжения технологии получения новых порошковых материалов из отходов твердых сплавов электроэрозионным диспергированием отходов сплава Т5К10 в жидкой рабочей среде (воде) и технологии их компактирования методом искрового плазменного спекания. Экспериментально установлено, что твердые сплавы из диспергированных электроэрозией частиц сплава Т5К10, полученные искровым плазменным спеканием в условиях быстрого нагрева и малой продолжительности рабочего цикла, обладают более высокими физико-механическими свойствами по сравнению с промышленными твердыми сплавами, из которых были получены исходные частицы порошка, вследствие подавления роста зерна и получения равновесного состояния с субмикронным зерном.

The paper considers the principles of coupling the technology of obtaining new powder materials from solid alloy waste by electroerosive dispersion of T5K10 alloy waste in a liquid working medium (water) and the technology of their compaction by spark plasma sintering. It has been experimentally established that hard alloys made of electroerosion dispersed T5K10 alloy particles obtained by spark plasma sintering under conditions of rapid heating and short working cycle duration have higher physical and mechanical properties compared to industrial hard alloys from which the initial powder particles were obtained, due to suppression of grain growth and obtaining an equilibrium state with submicron grain.
Negative pressure pulmonary oedema and alveolar haemorrhage due to upper airway obstruction after parathyroidectomy
Authors:   Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland, Beilstein Christian M
Published: December 2023

36-year old female underwent elective parathyroidectomy at a Swiss tertiary teaching hospital for primary hyperparathyroid-ism. Induction, surgery and extubation were uneventful. During transfer to the post-anaesthetic care unit, some retching was interpreted as vomiting. At arrival, she was apnoeic and unresponsive but with palpable pulse.
Two needles and ten minutes to get the patient back on her feet and allow her to sit at will
Authors:   Department of Radiology and Interventional Radiology, Medicover Hospitals, MVP Colony, Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India, Vishnuvardhan DAK
Published: December 2023

A 46 yr female with long-standing disabling low backache with pain radiating to the right lower limb, pain at tail bone not allowing her to sit, sleep and stand for the last 3 months with acute exacerbation since 3 days were diagnosed as degenerative lumbar disc disease with right L5/S1 radiculopathy
Pellagra: A forgotten sporadic clinical entity in primary health care
Authors:   Institute of Medicine Tribhuvan University, Nepal, Khanal Shambhu
Published: December 2023

A 45- year- old male from an urban community, laborer, heavy alcohol consumer, exclusively on rice diet presented to outpatient department in primary health care centre with chronic diarrhea for three months. He was treated multiple times with antibiotics with no improvement. There was no family history of similar illness
A diagnostically challenging case of non-incarcerated obturator hernia: History and CT findings
Authors:   Toyama University Hospital, Toyama, Japan, Yamashiro Seiji
Published: December 2023

Obturator hernia is a rare disease that affects thin, elderly women. Non-incarcerated hernias are often particularly difficult to diagnose. We present a case of a non-incarcerated obturator hernia diagnosed based on patient history and Computed Tomography (CT) findings.
A case of an exuberant skin ring
Authors:   Family Medicine Residents, USF Casa dos Pescadores, Porto, Portugal, Terra Ines ML
Published: December 2023

Male patient, 20 years old, electrician. No significant personal or family medical history. No regular medication, no known drug allergies. Seeks consultation due to the appearance of a lesion on the posterior side of the neck with 3 months of progression
Multicystic encephalomalacia following intrauterine single fetal death in second-trimester and subsequent fetofetal transfusion syndrome in monochorionic twin pregnancy: A case report
Authors:   Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Shahriar, Tehran, Iran, Rasuli Bahman
Published: December 2023

Multicystic encephalomalacia is a condition of cerebral necrosis followed by the formation of cystic lesions of varying sized starting from the periventricular area and may extending to the cerebral cortex. This disorder may happens in surviving cotwins after the second and third-trimester intrauterine fetal death of one twin in monochorionic pregnancies.
Isolated microspherophakia
Authors:   Senior Project Officer, Dr Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences, AIIMS, New Delhi, India, MD, DNB, MNAMS, FAICO Sarath S,
Published: December 2023

This is a retro illumination image of right eye under 10x magnification of a 12-year-old girl with bilateral microspherophakia without any systemic association. You can see a clear crystalline natural lens in globular or spherical shape with intact and stretched zonules attached to the equator of the lens all around visible after full mydriasis.
Activating Illite kaolinite clay with CTAB for adsorbing Methylene blue: Isotherms, Kinetics, and thermodynamics studies
Authors: Salem Atia, Salah Neghmouche Nacer, Sara Bahemmi, Ammar Zobeidi, , Noureddine Elboughdiri Djamel Ghernaout ,
Published: December 2023

In this study, a stable multilayered adduct of maghemite surfactant and clay was created by sandwich-like electrostatic self-assembly of cationic polyelectrolytes of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) with illite kaolinite (IKaol) clay. The adsorptive property of  IKaol/CTAB towards MB from . Aquatic system uptake was investigated. Its characteristics were analysed using X-ray powder diffraction, Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and the zero point of charge. To attain higher performance of the IKaol/CTAB for MB adsorption, the primary key factors that influence the MB dye, such as (A: loading CTAB into the composite matrix of IKaol), adsorbent dose (B: 0.02–0.06 g), pH (C: 4–10), temperature (D: 30–60 °C), and time (E: 5–60 min) , were optimised using the Box–Behnken design method. The obtained results show that the highest MB removal efficiency of 86.24 % was observed at the following significant interactions: AB, BC, and AC and at optimum adsorption operation parameters (A: 0%, B: 0.06 g, C: 7, D: 45◦C, and E: 17.5 min). At these optimum conditions, the best adsorption capacity of MB dye (114.94 mg/g) was recorded at 45°C. The most effective isotherms and kinetic models were the Freundlich and pseudo-second-order kinetic models. The MB dye adsorption mechanism by IKaol can be assigned to several interactions, such as electrostatic attractions, n-π interaction, and hydrogen bonding interactions. The results of this study demonstrate the viability of IKaol as a promising precursor for the creation of an efficient adsorbent that can be used to remove cationic dye from an aqueous environment.
Exportaciones forestales enero-julio 2023
Authors:   Instituto Forestal (Chile), Alvarez Verónica
Published: December 2023

Boletín Estadístico del III trimestre 2023, contiene las Exportaciones Forestales Chilenas correspondientes al periodo enero-julio 2023. Esta nueva edición trimestral, entrega información actualizada de las exportaciones de productos forestales de Chile efectuadas durante el periodo analizado, realizando comparaciones con las cifras registradas en años anteriores. Incorpora, además, un análisis sobre el comportamiento de los principales productos exportados, sus volúmenes exportados, mercados de destino, precios y empresas exportadoras.
El impacto económico del trabajo autónomo en la Comunitat Valenciana
Authors:   Universitat de Valencia e IVIE
Published: December 2023

El trabajo autónomo constituye una de las formas de empleo más importantes en España. La evolución reciente del mercado laboral y el desarrollo de las nuevas tecnologías hacen que muchas personas opten por este tipo de trabajo. Algunas valoran la flexibilidad que ofrece esta modalidad de empleo independiente que les permitir elegir sus propios horarios, emprender sus propios proyectos e incluso establecer sus propias tarifas. En otras ocasiones, ya sea por singularidad de la actividad económica realizada o por la propia cualificación del trabajador, esta modalidad de empleo no es una alternativa elegida voluntariamente por las personas sino la única opción disponible.
Food Resilience Toolkit in action
Authors: Conner David , Whitehouse Claire , Serrano-Cortés Neishaly , Rodríguez-Pérez Robinson , Cunningham Naomi , Reynolds Travis , Daigle Kerry , Desravins Valery , Kolodinsky Jane
Published: December 2023

Food systems scholars and practitioners are increasingly prioritizing food system resilience (FSR) as a conceptual framework. FSR has been the guiding topic of an ongoing partnership between the University of Vermont (UVM) and the University of Puerto Rico at Mayagüez (UPRM), involving faculty, graduate students, and commu­nity partners from both regions to collaborate on research, education, and outreach. The first major output of the UVM-UPRM partnership is a Food Resilience Toolkit developed by faculty and gradu­ate students at both universities, available in written and video formats in both English and Spanish. This research brief provides the results of an application of one component of the toolkit, an asset mapping exercise. We analyzed the results using the community capitals framework to highlight areas of strength and areas in need of investment. We found Vermont has assets to apply to FSR, with built, human, and social capital assets most numerous, while financial and political assets are fewest. We conclude with recommendations which can be vetted in future stakeholder gatherings and a call to apply the toolkit elsewhere.
The Ecogothic in Mosses from an Old Manse: Cultivating (Poisonous) Gardens at the Old Manse
Authors: Mullen Lawrence Lorraine
Published: December 2023

Between 1842 and 1845, Nathanial Hawthorne and Sophia Peabody Hawthorne called Old Manse home as they began their newly wedded life in Concord, Massachusetts; the stories Hawthorne would then publish in Mosses from an Old Manse and Other Stories (1846), consist of tales written and edited within the walls of Old Manse, therefore impressing the architecture of the structure—and its gardens—on to the collected short stories. Looking to tales like “Rappaccini’s Daughter” and “The Birthmark,” I intend to triangulate these ecogothic narratives with the physical built form of Old Manse and its gardens, along with the social function and domestic space(s) within both fictional narratives and Old Manse’s rooms and outdoor spaces. If gardening aids the newlyweds in defining domesticity and home in Concord, then how does the ecogothic present an alternative form of domesticity—of cultivating dangerous and poisonous gardens? As previous scholars have posited landscape itself as being a cultural artifact worthy of interrogation, I aim to provide an additional archival consideration of the Hawthornes’ material, lived interaction with Old Manse as creating both current and counter-current narratives of the environment and ecology within Mosses from an Old Manse and Other Stories.
Hath or Hath Not: A Reexamination of Nathaniel Hawthorne’s Bowdoin College Silhouette
Authors: Stefko Katherine
Published: December 2023

Closely comparing two copies of the earliest image of Nathaniel Hawthorne, a silhouette purportedly cut while he was a student at Bowdoin College in Maine, this article considers the production, history, and authenticity of the image. In particular, the author examines the silhouettes’ watermarks, signatures, context, and provenance to reconcile remembrances of Hawthorne’s classmates, especially those of Horatio Bridge, who recorded that Hawthorne did not have his profile cut at Bowdoin, with the countervailing physical evidence that the silhouettes themselves present, concluding that the two silhouettes—one held by Bowdoin College for over a century and one newly acquired from the descendants of Hawthorne’s classmate Jonathan Cilley—are almost certainly genuine depictions of Hawthorne created in 1823.