bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evolution of parasitism genes in the plant parasitic nematodes
Authors: Dayi Mehmet
Published: February 2024

The plant-parasitic nematodes are considered as one of the most destructive pests, from which the migratory and sedentary endoparasitic plant parasitic nematodes infect more than 4000 plant species and cause over $100 billion crop losses annually worldwide. These nematodes use multiple strategies to infect their host and to establish a successful parasitism inside the host such as cell-wall degradation enzymes, inhibition of host defense proteins, and molecular mimicry. In the present study, the main parasitism-associated gene families were identified and compared between the migratory and sedentary endoparasitic nematodes. The results showed that the migratory and sedentary endoparasitic nematodes share a core conserved parasitism mechanism established throughout the evolution of parasitism. However, genes involved in pectin degradation and hydrolase activity are rapidly evolving in the migratory endoparasitic nematodes. Additionally, cell-wall degrading enzymes such as GH45 cellulases and pectate lyase and peptidase and peptidase inhibitors were expanded in the migratory endoparasitic nematodes. The molecular mimicry mechanism was another key finding that differs between the endoparasitic and sedentary parasitic nematodes. The PL22 gene family, which is believed to play a significant role in the molecular mechanisms of nematode parasitism, has been found to be present exclusively in migratory endoparasitic nematodes. Phylogenetic analysis has suggested that it was de novo born in these nematodes. This discovery sheds new light on the molecular evolution of these parasites and has significant implications for our understanding of their biology and pathogenicity. This study contributes to our understanding of core parasitism mechanisms conserved throughout the nematodes and provides unique clues on the evolution of parasitism and the direction shaped by the host.
High serum alpha-fetoprotein and positive immunohistochemistry of alpha-fetoprotein are related to poor prognosis of gastric cancer with liver metastasis
Authors: Takayama-Isagawa Yuriko , Kanetaka Kengo , Kobayashi Shinichiro , Yoneda Akira , Ito Shinichiro , Eguchi Susumu
Published: February 2024

Liver metastasis in gastric cancer is incurable. Alpha-fetoprotein-producing gastric cancer has a poor prognosis and is prone to liver metastasis. We investigated the association between preoperative serum alpha-fetoprotein levels, liver metastasis, and expression of primitive enterocyte phenotype markers. We reviewed the medical records of 401 patients with gastric cancer who underwent curative surgical resection and immunohistochemically evaluated the primitive phenotype markers. The preoperative serum alpha-fetoprotein levels were elevated and normal in 8 and 393 patients, respectively. Liver metastasis was more frequent in patients with higher preoperative alpha-fetoprotein levels. The 5-year postoperative recurrence-free survival and overall survival rates were significantly worse in patients with higher preoperative serum alpha-fetoprotein levels. Although alpha-fetoprotein and Glypican3 and Spalt-like transcription factor 4 tended to be stained with high preoperative serum alpha-fetoprotein levels, these markers were also positive in some patients with normal alpha-fetoprotein levels. In summary, patients with gastric cancer and high preoperative serum alpha-fetoprotein levels have a poor prognosis and high incidence of liver metastasis. Alpha-fetoprotein can help detect liver metastasis relating to the primitive enterocyte phenotype.
Experimental study of asphaltene deposition during CO2 and flue gas injection EOR methods employing a long core
Authors: Jalili Darbandi Sofla Mehrdad , Dermanaki Farahani Zohreh , Ghorbanizadeh Salman , Namdar Hamed
Published: February 2024

Gas injection is a well-known method for enhancing oil recovery (EOR). The utilization of greenhouse gases, such as carbon dioxide (CO2) or flue gas, offers the dual advantage of reducing greenhouse gas emissions while potentially enhancing the sweep efficiency in oil recovery. Nevertheless, one of the notable challenges encountered when using these gases is the precipitation and deposition of asphaltenes, leading to formation damage and a decrease in reservoir permeability, particularly in the case of light oil reservoirs. In this study, CO2 and flue gas were injected into an elongated core sample comprising four individual core plugs under reservoir conditions to displace the light live oil. The recovery factor and asphaltene deposition along the core holder were assessed and compared as two crucial parameters within the gas injection scenario. Our results indicate a significantly higher recovery factor of 86% achieved with CO2 injection compared to 36% with flue gas injection, attributable to differences in their interfacial tension and miscibility. However, the CO2 injection method exhibits more pronounced formation damage. Individual assessment of each core plug reveals that permeability impairment is most acute in the initial two core plugs, situated closer to the injection face of the extended core. These findings enhance our understanding of the mechanisms contributing to permeability impairment resulting from asphaltene deposition during CO2 and flue gas injection for EOR.
The impact of preoperative parameters on postoperative foveal displacement in idiopathic macular hole
Authors: Qin Hecong , Zhao Jinsong , Jin Siyan , Zhang Hui
Published: February 2024

This study examined the effect of vitrectomy combined with internal limiting membrane (ILM) peeling on foveal displacement in 42 eyes with idiopathic macular hole (IMH). A retrospective analysis was conducted to measure various macular hole parameters before surgery, including basal diameter, minimum diameter, hole height, and areas affected by traction such as macular hole area (MHA), macular hole cystoid space area (MHCSA), macular hole retinal area (MHRA), and total area (TA). The results showed a postoperative shift of the fovea towards the optic disc in all cases. Notably, the extent of foveal displacement was significantly linked to the preoperative basal diameter (rs = 0.405, P = 0.008) but not to other preoperative parameters or postoperative visual acuity. Furthermore, the study found that the temporal side of the macular hole was more affected by traction than the nasal side preoperatively, leading to greater postoperative displacement (All P < 0.05).
Molecular docking of bioactive compounds extracted and purified from selected medicinal plant species against covid-19 proteins and in vitro evaluation
Authors: Khanum Ayesha , Bibi Yamin , Khan Ilham , Mustafa Ghazala , Attia Kotb A. , Mohammed Arif Ahmed , Yang Seung Hwan , Qayyum Abdul
Published: February 2024

Bioactive compounds are secondary metabolites of plants. They offer diverse pharmacological properties. Peganum harmala is reported to have pharmaceutical effects like insecticidal, antitumor, curing malaria, anti-spasmodic, vasorelaxant, antihistaminic effect. Rosa brunonii has medicinal importance in its flower and fruits effective against different diseases and juice of leaf is reported to be applied externally to cure wounds and cuts. Dryopteris ramosa aqueous leaf extract is used to treat stomach ulcers and stomachaches. Each of these three medicinal plants have been indicated to have anticancer, antiviral, antioxidant, cytotoxic and antifungal effects but efficacy of their bioactive compounds remained unexplored. Study was aimed to explore In-vitro and In-silico anticancer, antiviral, antioxidant, cytotoxic and antifungal effects of bioactive compounds of above three medicinal plants. DPPH and ABTS assay were applied for assessment of antioxidant properties of compounds. Antibacterial properties of compounds were checked by agar well diffusion method. Brine shrimp lethality assay was performed to check cytotoxic effect of compounds. Molecular docking was conducted to investigate the binding efficacy between isolated compounds and targeted proteins. The compound isomangiferrin and tiliroside presented strong antioxidant potential 78.32% (± 0.213) and 77.77% (± 0.211) respectively in DPPH assay while harmaline showed 80.71% (± 0.072) at 200 µg/mL in ABTS assay. The compound harmine, harmaline and PH-HM 17 exhibited highest zone of inhibition 22 mm, 23 mm, 22 mm respectively against Xanthomonas while Irriflophenone-3-C-β- D-glucopyranoside showed maximum zone of inhibition 34 mm against E. coli. The compound isomangiferrin and vasicine contained strong antibacterial activity 32 mm and 22 mm respectively against S. aureus. The compound mangiferrin, astragalin, tiliroside, quercitin-3-O-rhamnoside showed maximum inhibitory zone 32 mm, 26 mm, 24 mm and 22 mm respectively against Klebsiella pneumoniae. Highest cytotoxic effect was observed by compound tiliroside i.e. 95% with LD50 value 73.59 µg/mL. The compound tiliroside showed the best binding mode of interaction to all targeted proteins presenting maximum hydrophobic interactions and hydrogen bonds. The binding affinity of tiliroside was − 17.9, − 14.9, − 14.6, − 13.8, − 12.8 against different proteins 6VAR, 5C5S, IEA3, 2XV7 and 6LUS respectively. Bioactive compounds are significant natural antioxidants, which could help to prevent the progression of various diseases caused by free radicals. Based on molecular docking we have concluded that phytochemicals can have better anticancer and antiviral potential.
SWOT analysis of the models used by social enterprises in scaling effective refractive error coverage to achieve the 2030 in SIGHT in Kenya
Authors: Muma Shadrack , Naidoo Kovin Shunmugam , Hansraj Rekha
Published: February 2024

Uncorrected refractive error has predominantly been delivered through commercial entrepreneurship in Kenya. However, to achieve the 2030 IN SIGHT, integration of other forms of entrepreneurship such as the social entrepreneurship is desirable to supplement the efforts of the dominant commercial entrepreneurship. Therefore, this study intended to undertake a SWOT analysis of the current models used by social enterprises in scaling effective refractive error coverage to achieve the 2030 IN SIGHT in Kenya. A review of the seven national strategic plans for eye health in Kenya was undertaken to get a glimpse on the efforts directed towards uncorrected refractive error in achieving the 2030 IN SIGHT. The review was inclined towards assessing the efforts directed by the strategic plans towards scaling human resource, spectacle provision and refraction points. A SWOT analysis was undertaken based on the financial, impact and the approach report for each model. A key informant interview was conducted with a representative and three to five members of the social enterprise about the model. Thereafter, the modified SWOT analysis based on the review and the interview was presented to the representatives of the social enterprises. Purposive sampling was used to identify seven models used by social enterprises in the delivery of refractive error services in Kenya. Finally, the recommendations were presented to key opinion leaders for an input through a Delphi technique. Out of the seven national strategic plans for eye health reviewed, only the strategic plan 2020–2025 intends to establish optical units within 15 different counties in Kenya. Of the seven models currently utilized by social enterprises, only the Kenya Society for the Blind has integrated the telemedicine concept. On application of mHealth, all of the social enterprises models tend to embrace the approach for screening activities. None of the models has a strengthened referral pathway utilizing telereferral and telemedicine. Out of all the models, only Operation Eyesight Universal, Fred Hollow Foundation and Peek Acuity do not depend on sales of subsidized spectacles for sustainability. Every model has the capacity to propel the delivery of refractive error services depending on its comprehensiveness. However, for the 2030 IN SIGHT to be achieved, models prioritizing human resource through telemedicine integration, service provision across all sectors, awareness creation and enhancing cost efficiency are desirable.
A generative artificial intelligence framework based on a molecular diffusion model for the design of metal-organic frameworks for carbon capture
Authors: Park Hyun , Yan Xiaoli , Zhu Ruijie , Huerta Eliu A. , Chaudhuri Santanu , Cooper Donny , Foster Ian , Tajkhorshid Emad
Published: February 2024

Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) exhibit great promise for CO2 capture. However, finding the best performing materials poses computational and experimental grand challenges in view of the vast chemical space of potential building blocks. Here, we introduce GHP-MOFassemble, a generative artificial intelligence (AI), high performance framework for the rational and accelerated design of MOFs with high CO2 adsorption capacity and synthesizable linkers. GHP-MOFassemble generates novel linkers, assembled with one of three pre-selected metal nodes (Cu paddlewheel, Zn paddlewheel, Zn tetramer) into MOFs in a primitive cubic topology. GHP-MOFassemble screens and validates AI-generated MOFs for uniqueness, synthesizability, structural validity, uses molecular dynamics simulations to study their stability and chemical consistency, and crystal graph neural networks and Grand Canonical Monte Carlo simulations to quantify their CO2 adsorption capacities. We present the top six AI-generated MOFs with CO2 capacities greater than 2m mol g−1, i.e., higher than 96.9% of structures in the hypothetical MOF dataset.
Integrated multiplexed assays of variant effect reveal determinants of catechol-O-methyltransferase gene expression
Authors: Hoskins Ian , Rao Shilpa , Tante Charisma , Cenik Can
Published: February 2024

Multiplexed assays of variant effect are powerful methods to profile the consequences of rare variants on gene expression and organismal fitness. Yet, few studies have integrated several multiplexed assays to map variant effects on gene expression in coding sequences. Here, we pioneered a multiplexed assay based on polysome profiling to measure variant effects on translation at scale, uncovering single-nucleotide variants that increase or decrease ribosome load. By combining high-throughput ribosome load data with multiplexed mRNA and protein abundance readouts, we mapped the cis-regulatory landscape of thousands of catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) variants from RNA to protein and found numerous coding variants that alter COMT expression. Finally, we trained machine learning models to map signatures of variant effects on COMT gene expression and uncovered both directional and divergent impacts across expression layers. Our analyses reveal expression phenotypes for thousands of variants in COMT and highlight variant effects on both single and multiple layers of expression. Our findings prompt future studies that integrate several multiplexed assays for the readout of gene expression.
Colorimetric assay for α-amanitin based on inhibition of carbon dots/AuNPs nanoenzyme activity
Authors: Gao Jiale , Peng Zhongmei , Song Yuzhu , Zhang Jinyang , Han Qinqin
Published: February 2024

Accidental ingestion of poisonous mushrooms leading to poisoning is a global issue.
A novel and sensitive electrochemical aptasensor for sulfadimethoxine detection based on the triple helix/exonuclease I-assisted double-amplification strategy
Authors: Du Meijuan , Cheng Xin , Chen Qian , Xu Xueqin
Published: February 2024

The triple helix/Exo I-assisted double-amplification strategy effectively improves the sensitivity of the aptasensor. The aptasensor has simple operation and strong specificity and has been applied to detect sulfadimethoxine (SDM) in real samples.
Photo-excited charge transfer from adamantane to electronic bound states in water
Authors: Wang Xiangfei , Krause Pascal , Kirschbaum Thorren , Palczynski Karol , Dzubiella Joachim , Bande Annika
Published: February 2024

Water clusters accommodate electrons from photo-excited adamantane into two types of charge-transfer states. The electron gets more strongly bound the higher the water clusters’ electron affinity and their electrostatic potential.
How spin state and oxidation number of transition metal atoms determine molecular adsorption: a first-principles case study for NH3
Authors: Tan Hua-Jian , Si Rutong , Li Xi-Bo , Tang Zhen-Kun , Wei Xiao-Lin , Seriani Nicola , Yin Wen-Jin , Gebauer Ralph
Published: February 2024

The role of spin state and oxidation number in determining the molecule adsorption behavior.
Oxidative cage opening in the C70 fullerene facilitated by preceding trifluoromethylation
Authors: Gracheva Sofia V. , Tamm Nadezhda B. , Lyssenko Konstantin A. , Ioffe Ilya N. , Lukonina Natalia S. , Goryunkov Alexey A.
Published: February 2024

Two novel derivatives of the C70 fullerene with 9- and 10-membered cage openings in the less-reactive equatorial region of the molecule were obtained by means of oxidation and decarbonylation of Cs-C70(CF3)8.
An atomic layer deposition diffusion–reaction model for porous media with different particle geometries
Authors: Heikkinen Niko , Lehtonen Juha , Puurunen Riikka L.
Published: February 2024

This work presents a modeling approach for atomic layer deposition (ALD) to describe the effect of particle geometry on the reactant diffusion and reaction in a tortuous and porous particle.
Computational approach to enhance thermoelectric performance of Ag2Se by S and Te substitutions
Authors: Biswas Raju K , Pati Swapan K
Published: February 2024

Rashba effect and high configuration entropy lead high thermoelectric figure of merit at near room temperature.
Matrix effects on the magnetic properties of a molecular spin triangle embedded in a polymeric film
Authors: Tesi Lorenzo , Boudalis Athanassios K. , Drerup Katja , Ruben Mario , van Slageren Joris
Published: February 2024

Complex [Fe3O(O2CPh)6(py)3]ClO4·py embedded in a polymeric film retains its structure and magnetic properties, while probing its local environment through slight modifications of its magnetoanisotropy.
Prediction of intrinsic room-temperature ferromagnetism in two-dimensional CrInX2 (X = S, Se, Te) monolayers
Authors: Zhang Yunfei , Zhang Shuo , Jia Minghao , Wang Tian , Guan Lixiu , Tao Junguang
Published: February 2024

Novel structure of two-dimensional CrInX2 (X = S, Se, Te) with intrinsic room-temperature ferromagnetism.
Investigation on the mechanical integrity of a PEO-based polymer electrolyte in all-solid-state lithium batteries
Authors: Yang Qinghua , Kong Detao , Fu Liang , He Yaolong , Hu Hongjiu
Published: February 2024

Appropriately increasing the operating temperature and quenching rate helps maintain the mechanical integrity of the PEO–LiTFSI electrolyte during cell operation, but it degrades the interfacial bonding properties of the SPE and the electrode.
Oxygen vacancy chemistry in oxide cathodes
Authors: Zhang Yu-Han , Zhang Shu , Hu Naifang , Liu Yuehui , Ma Jun , Han Pengxian , Hu Zhiwei , Wang Xiaogang , Cui Guanglei
Published: February 2024

This review focuses on the chemical thermodynamics and reaction kinetics of intrinsic and anionic redox-mediated oxygen vacancies in oxide cathodes.
Reactivity umpolung (reversal) of ligands in transition metal complexes
Authors: Morris Robert H.
Published: February 2024

The power of transition metal ions and their ligands to reverse the native reactivity of small molecules is highlighted by providing examples for 15 classes of ligands including types L, XL, X, X2, and X3.
Cerium modification enhances the performance of Pd/USY for formaldehyde catalytic oxidation at room temperature
Authors: Liu Xiaofeng , Wang Chunying , Li Yaobin , Wang Jingyi , Chen Xudong , He Hong
Published: February 2024

Pd–Ce/USY catalysts were prepared by an impregnation method and then tested for their performance in formaldehyde (HCHO) catalytic oxidation at room temperature after H2 reduction activation.
Radiative sky cooling thermal concentration with cooling power exceeding one kW per square meter
Authors: Poredoš Primož , Shan He , Wang Chenxi , Chen Zhihui , Shao Zhao , Deng Fangfang , Liu Haoran , Yu Jiaqi , Wang Ruzhu
Published: February 2024

This study investigated cooling energy thermal concentration using radiative sky cooling materials coated on a thermally conductive substrate. We achieved 2000 W m−2 during nighttime and 1000 W m−2 during daytime, paving the way for low-carbon thermal management.
Initiation of dendritic failure of LLZTO via sub-surface lithium deposition
Authors: Siniscalchi Marco , Shi Yifu , Li Guanchen , Gibson Joshua S. , Weatherup Robert S. , Bonilla Ruy S. , Speller Susannah C. , Grovenor Chris R. M.
Published: February 2024

Mg is used as the tracer element in the Li plating electrode to confirm that pure Li metal can plate in isolated pores near the solid electrolyte surface. This results in an internal pressure buildup and in the spallation of the LLZTO solid electrolyte, initiating the dendritic process.
A magnetite reference material for in situ Fe isotope analysis
Authors: Huang Xiao-Wen , Lin Sen , Chen Kaiyun , Kang Jin-Ting , Li Zhi-Hong , Meng Yu-Miao , Qi Liang
Published: February 2024

A high-temperature and high-pressure sintering method was used to prepare magnetite (MtFe-1), which can be used as a matrix-matched bracketing standard for Fe isotope analysis of natural magnetite using LA-MC-ICP-MS.
A dual-functional microfluidic chip for guiding personalized lung cancer medicine: combining EGFR mutation detection and organoid-based drug response test
Authors: Zhang Kexin , Xi Jiyu , Zhao Huiting , Wang Yadong , Xue Jianchao , Liang Naixin , Wei Zewen
Published: February 2024

The RDMO-Chip combines rapid EGFR mutation detection and organoid-based drug response test for guiding personalized lung cancer medicine.
Lab-on-a-chip models of the blood–brain barrier: evolution, problems, perspectives
Authors: Deli Mária A. , Porkoláb Gergő , Kincses András , Mészáros Mária , Szecskó Anikó , Kocsis Anna E. , Vigh Judit P. , Valkai Sándor , Veszelka Szilvia , Walter Fruzsina R. , Dér András
Published: February 2024

A great progress has been made in the development and use of lab-on-a-chip devices to model and study the blood–brain barrier (BBB) in the last decade.
A flexible electrode Array for genetic transfection of different layers of the retina by electroporation
Authors: Zhang Yu , Peng Tao , Ge Yu , Li Mengda , Li Chendi , Xi Jiyu , Li Zixi , Wei Zewen , Hu Yuntao
Published: February 2024

Stratified delivery into specific retinal layers was realized by a flexible electrode array that exhibited high compatibility with surgical procedures.
Modifications of polyalkenoic acid and its effect on glass ionomer cement
Authors: Sasidharan Lathikumari Sreejith , Saraswathy Manju
Published: February 2024

Schematic diagram: The history and advances of glass ionomer cement (GIC).
Effect of foaming on the electromagnetic interference-shielding performance of exfoliated graphite nanoplatelets-filled EVA/EOC blend composites in the S-band region
Authors: Parida Suryakanta , Nath Nitesh kumar , Parida R. K. , Parida B. N. , Nayak Nimai C.
Published: February 2024

In this study, microcellular ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) and ethylene octane copolymer (EOC) blend composites filled with exfoliated graphite nanoplatelets (xGnP) were fabricated using azodicarbonamide (ADC) as a foaming agent.
Dynamic mechanochemistry: accelerated self-sorting of two imine-based metal complexes under solvent-free mechanochemical conditions
Authors: Shaw Thomas E. , Arami Justin , Ayme Jean-François , Lehn Jean-Marie , Jurca Titel
Published: February 2024

Self-sorting of two imine-based Cu(i) and Fe(ii) coordination complexes from a six-component reagent library has been achieved through solvent-free mechanochemistry.
NDR and spin-polarized transport properties of magnetic Fe sandwiched C60-GNR single molecule devices: theoretical insight
Authors: Liu Xiaohui , Shang Yan , Hu Yangyang , Yang Zhaodi , Wang Ya , Pei Lei , Yu Hong , Rehman Munir Ur , Dong Yuqi , Han Lu , Zhang Guiling
Published: February 2024

A series of double-layer Fen/C60-GNR (n = 2, 4) devices have been designed and their transport characteristics have been thoroughly investigated. Theoretical guidance is provided for optimising the transport characteristics.
Catalytic behavior of Mn during molten salt oxidation of cationic exchange resins in Li2CO3–Na2CO3–K2CO3 melt
Authors: Pan Baoren , Zhang Qingguo , Yan Yongde , Liu Xin , Xue Yun , Ma Fuqiu , Wang Yuelin , Zhang Meng , Wang Jingping , Zhang Milin
Published: February 2024

Cationic exchange resins are used in nuclear power circuits to remove the nuclide ions to maintain the safe and efficient operation of nuclear power plants.
Confinement of MOF etching-induced hollow heterostructured cages in the carbon framework for efficient peroxymonosulfate activation
Authors: Ding Jie , Liu Xue-Qin , Wang Lei , Zhu Ying-Bo
Published: February 2024

Reducing the dissolution of metal nanocatalysts to preserve active catalytic sites for peroxymonosulfate-activated advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) is crucial for advanced wastewater treatment.
Connecting metabolome and phenotype: recent advances in functional metabolomics tools for the identification of bioactive natural products
Authors: Vitale Giovanni Andrea , Geibel Christian , Minda Vidit , Wang Mingxun , Aron Allegra T. , Petras Daniel
Published: February 2024

In this review we discuss emerging functional metabolomics strategies and their potential use to reveal mechanistic insights in large-scale natural product discovery studies.
Charge transport mechanisms of PbSnSe2 and observation of transition from direct to Fowler–Nordheim tunneling
Authors: Abbas Qaisar , Kazmi Syed Mesam Tamar , Li Chuanbo , Xu Xiulai , Rafiq M. A.
Published: February 2024

In this study, we report the observation of various conduction mechanisms in mechanically exfoliated PbSnSe2 based on temperature-dependent current and voltage characteristics.
Polycaprolactone composite films infused with hyperbranched polyester/reduced graphene oxide: influence on biodegradability, gas/water transport and antimicrobial properties for sustainable packaging
Authors: Ghanem Ahmed F. , Yassin Mohamed A. , Cosquer Raphael , Gouanvé Fabrice , Espuche Eliane , Abdel Rehim Mona H.
Published: February 2024

Nanosheets of reduced graphene oxide (RGO) modified with hyperbranched polyester (PES) were infused in polycaprolactone. The nanocomposite films showed increase in permeability, gas diffusivity beside noticeable antimicrobial properties.
Enhanced visible light photocatalytic performance of Er, Mn co-doped monoclinic BiVO4 for efficient organic pollutant degradation
Authors: Huang Shan , Liu Jiajia , Kong Lingxin , Wang Mengmeng , Liu Yi , Fang Yi , Xiao Qi
Published: February 2024

Er/Mn co-doped BiVO4 was synthesized via a one-pot hydrothermal method. Co-doping results in smaller crystal size and wider absorption edge of visible light. Er6%Mn2%/BiVO4 exhibits higher degradation efficiency than pure and single-doped BiVO4.
Tuning the photoactivated anticancer activity of Pt(iv) compounds via distant ferrocene conjugation
Authors: Shi Huayun , Ponte Fortuna , Grewal Jaspreet S. , Clarkson Guy J. , Imberti Cinzia , Hands-Portman Ian , Dallmann Robert , Sicilia Emilia , Sadler Peter J.
Published: February 2024

DFT calculations on a conjugate of ferrocene to an octahedral Pt(iv) complex reveal Fe-to-Pt charge transfer, promoting longer-wavelength photoactivation, enhanced cellular accumulation, potent anticancer activity, and cell death via ferroptosis.
Unravelling highly oxidized nickel centers in the anodic black film formed during the Simons process by in situ X-ray absorption near edge structure spectroscopy
Authors: Senges Gene , Buzanich Ana Guilherme , Lindič Tilen , Gully Tyler A. , Winter Marlon , Radtke Martin , Röder Bettina , Steinhauer Simon , Paulus Beate , Emmerling Franziska , Riedel Sebastian
Published: February 2024

The electrofluorination after Simons has been used for the last century to produce everyday life materials. An in situ XANES investigation of the controversially debated black film apparent in the Simons process revealed high-valent nickel centers.
Competition among physical, chemical, and hybrid gelation mechanisms in biopolymers
Authors: López-Santiago Ricky F. , Delgado Jorge , Castillo Rolando
Published: February 2024

Depending on how they form their linkages, biopolymer gelatin gels are commonly classified as physical, chemical, or hybrid; in gelatin hybrid gels, the physical and chemical crosslinking mechanisms occur simultaneously.
Synthesis and performance of binder-free porous carbon electrodes in electrochemical capacitors
Authors: Platek-Mielczarek Anetta , Beda Adrian , Fic Krzysztof , Matei Ghimbeu Camelia
Published: February 2024

Porous binder-free carbon electrodes were obtained by using cellulose filter paper through soft-salt template synthesis. The electrode thickness could be tuned, and a linear relationship with the specific capacitance in supercapacitors was established.
Strengthened cathode interface using an ultrathin 2D ferroelectric semiconductor for inverted perovskite solar cells
Authors: Zhang Hua , Liu Weihong , Bao Yongping , Wang Rong , Liang Jianfei , Wan Lei , Wang Huan
Published: February 2024

Ferroelectric polarization-based cathode interface engineering is demonstrated to efficiently improve the performance and stability of inverted PSCs.
Ion-transporting channel-embedded MOF-in-COF structures as composite quasi-solid electrolytes with highly enhanced electrochemical properties
Authors: Loo Kai Le , Ho Jeong Won , Chung Chan-Hwa , Moon Myoung-Woon , Yoo Pil J.
Published: February 2024

Incorporation of MOFs into COF pores (IL@MC QSSE) greatly facilitates lithium-ion transport for outstanding cycling performance of Li metal batteries.
Ultra-fast synthesis of the high performance photocatalytic Ti3+ self-doped strontium titanate by an electrochemical assist in molten salt: effect of electrochemical potential
Authors: Wang Yuhan , Liu Xinyue , Yu Kai , Ning Zhiqiang , Song Qiushi , Xie Hongwei
Published: February 2024

Ultra-fast preparation of Ti3+ self-doped strontium titanate using molten salt electrochemistry, effectively improving photocatalytic performance by regulating the content of titanium ion valence states and oxygen vacancies.
A quantum-chemical insight into SOMO–HOMO conversion in phosphorus–boron cation radicals
Authors: Zhang Li , Li Hongbo , Zhu Yanbin , Zhang Shoufeng
Published: February 2024

The present study systematically investigates a series of phosphorus–boron cation radicals with SOMO–HOMO conversion electronic configurations and exceptional photophysical properties.
Symmetry constraints on the orientation dependence of high-order elastic constants for the hexagonal boron nitride monolayer
Authors: Yang Dong-Jian , Wei Peng , Jiang Jin-Wu
Published: February 2024

Group theory was utilized to study the orientation dependence of high-order elastic constants of h-BN, and the anisotropic effects induced by nonlinear Poisson phenomena using anisotropic elastic constants were investigated.
Temperature dependent stereodynamics in surface scattering measured through subtle changes in the molecular wave function
Authors: Chadwick Helen , Alexandrowicz Gil
Published: February 2024

Specular scattering of H2 from Cu(511) preferentially occurs for cartwheeling molecules and becomes more selective at higher surface temperatures.
MOF-derived Mn2O3-decorated MoS2-graphene composite for visible light–assisted degradation of environmentally hazardous penicillin G in water
Authors: Rakibuddin Md , Ananthakrishnan Rajakumar
Published: February 2024

In the present study, a MOF-derived Mn2O3-decorated MoS2-GR (MMG) composite was fabricated via a facile hydrothermal method and applied for the photodegradation of environmentally hazardous penicillin G under visible light.
PtCu nanoalloy loaded on sulfur-doped porous g-C3N4 for electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution
Authors: Chang Can , Wu Jicheng , Wu Dandan , Jiang Guojian , Xu Xiaowei , Chang Shufang
Published: February 2024

One-step thermal decomposition yielded sulfur-doped porous g-C3N4 nanosheets, subsequently loaded with a PtCu alloy for the HER.
Radiation induced reduction of graphene oxide: a dose effect study
Authors: Abou Zeid Souad , Bencherif Selma , Ghasemi Rasta , Gogoi Rituporn , Chouli Yamina , Gervais Matthieu , Dragoe Diana , Ghilane Jalal , Siril Prem Felix , Remita Samy
Published: February 2024

γ-Radiolysis is employed as an alternative method to efficiently reduce graphene oxide (GO) in water. Reduced graphene oxide (rGO) is characterized by enhanced physicochemical properties and a very high specific capacitance.
Correction: Carbon quantum dots (CQDs)-modified polymers: a review of non-optical applications
Authors: Latif Zeeshan , Shahid Kinza , Anwer Hassan , Shahid Raghisa , Ali Mumtaz , Lee Kang Hoon , Alshareef Mubark
Published: February 2024

Correction for ‘Carbon quantum dots (CQDs)-modified polymers: a review of non-optical applications’ by Zeeshan Latif et al., Nanoscale, 2024, 16, 2265–2288, https://doi.org/10.1039/D3NR04997C.
NADH-mediated primordial synthesis of amino acids
Authors: Nogal Noemí , Luis-Barrera Javier , Vela-Gallego Sonia , Aguilar-Galindo Fernando , de la Escosura Andrés
Published: February 2024

Amino acid formation by hydride transfer from NADH without the need for enzymes connects prebiotic chemistry with the metabolic pathways that presumably led to these biomolecules in the first autotrophic protocells.
Story Grammar Analyses Capture Discourse Improvement in the First 2 Years Following a Severe Traumatic Brain Injury
Authors: Greenslade Kathryn J. , Bogart Elise , Gyory Joanna , Jaskolka Serena , Ramage Amy E.
Published: February 2024

Purpose:

Narration within a story grammar framework requires speakers to organize characters and events logically. Despite abundant research characterizing narrative deficits following a traumatic brain injury (TBI), the evolution of narrative story grammar over the first 2 years post-TBI has rarely been explored. This study analyzed story grammar in complex narratives of adults with and without severe TBI to (a) examine between-group differences and (b) investigate longitudinal changes over the first 2 years post-TBI.

Method:

Story grammar analyses of
Cinderella
narratives from 57 participants with TBI and 57 participants with no brain injury yielded measures of productivity (total number of episodes, total number of story grammar elements), elaboration (total number of elaborated–complete episodes, mean number of episodic elements per episode), and completeness (total number of incomplete episodes). Mann–Whitney
U
tests compared measures across groups; generalized estimating equation (GEE) models identified predictors of change, including recovery time (3, 6, 9, 12, and 24 months post-TBI) and demographic/injury-related characteristics.

Results:

Between-group differences were statistically significant for all productivity and elaboration measures at 3, 6, and 9 months post-TBI; one productivity measure and one elaboration measure at 12 months; and none of the measures at 24 months. GEE models showed significant improvements in all productivity and elaboration measures over the first 24 months post-TBI, with educational attainment and duration of posttraumatic amnesia affecting recovery. Incomplete episodes only showed between-group differences at 12 months and did not capture recovery.

Conclusion:

Productivity and elaboration are key story grammar variables that (a) differentiate complex narration in individuals with and without severe TBI and (b) capture narrative improvements over the first 2 years post-TBI.

Supplemental Material:

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.25148999
A novel medical image data protection scheme for smart healthcare system
Authors: Rehman Mujeeb Ur , Shafique Arslan , Khan Muhammad Shahbaz , Driss Maha , Boulila Wadii , Ghadi Yazeed Yasin , Changalasetty Suresh Babu , Alhaisoni Majed , Ahmad Jawad
Published: February 2024

The Internet of Multimedia Things (IoMT) refers to a network of interconnected multimedia devices that communicate with each other over the Internet. Recently, smart healthcare has emerged as a significant application of the IoMT, particularly in the context of knowledge‐based learning systems. Smart healthcare systems leverage knowledge‐based learning to become more context‐aware, adaptable, and auditable while maintaining the ability to learn from historical data. In smart healthcare systems, devices capture images, such as X‐rays, Magnetic Resonance Imaging. The security and integrity of these images are crucial for the databases used in knowledge‐based learning systems to foster structured decision‐making and enhance the learning abilities of AI. Moreover, in knowledge‐driven systems, the storage and transmission of HD medical images exert a burden on the limited bandwidth of the communication channel, leading to data transmission delays. To address the security and latency concerns, this paper presents a lightweight medical image encryption scheme utilising bit‐plane decomposition and chaos theory. The results of the experiment yield entropy, energy, and correlation values of 7.999, 0.0156, and 0.0001, respectively. This validates the effectiveness of the encryption system proposed in this paper, which offers high‐quality encryption, a large key space, key sensitivity, and resistance to statistical attacks.
A soft switched step‐up DC–DC converter using a low‐power auxiliary circuit and continuous input current
Authors: Ardi Hossein , Ajami Ali
Published: February 2024

In this paper, a new high step‐up DC–DC converter is presented. The presence of an inductor at converter input reduces input current ripple. Furthermore, a coupled inductor with a voltage multiplier cell is also implemented to increase the voltage gain of the converter. The stored energy in leakage inductance of coupled inductor is recycled by a clamp circuit which increases efficiency and clamps voltage on power switch. The power switch is turned on and off under soft switching condition. The soft switching is also applied to auxiliary switch. All diodes are turned off under zero current condition which causes reverse recovery problem to be alleviated. A very low current flows through auxiliary components in a very short time. Therefore, a very low conduction loss is added to the converter by an auxiliary circuit. Soft switching condition is almost independent of specifications of circuit, especially the output power. Steady‐state analysis of the proposed converter is discussed. Finally, to verify the performance and validation of the proposed converter, laboratory results for a prototype with input voltage 30 V, output voltage 240 V, output power 220 W and switching frequency 50 kHz are presented and the results are discussed. The efficiency of the prototype converter at nominal power is 96%.
Star-spot activity, orbital obliquity, transmission spectrum, physical properties, and transit time variations of the HATS-2 planetary system
Authors: Biagiotti F. , Mancini L. , Southworth J. , Tregloan-Reed J. , Naponiello L. , Jørgensen U. G. , Bach-Møller N. , Basilicata M. , Bonavita M. , Bozza V. , Burgdorf M. J. , Dominik M. , Figuera Jaimes R. , Henning Th. , Hinse T. C. , Hundertmark M. , Khalouei E. , Longa-Peña P. , Peixinho N. , Rabus M. , Rahvar S. , Sajadian S. , Skottfelt J. , Snodgrass C. , Jongen Y. , Vignes J.-P
Published: February 2024

Aims. Our aim in this paper is to refine the orbital and physical parameters of the HATS-2 planetary system and study transit timing variations and atmospheric composition thanks to transit observations that span more than 10 yr and that were collected using different instruments and pass-band filters. We also investigate the orbital alignment of the system by studying the anomalies in the transit light curves induced by starspots on the photosphere of the parent star.

Methods. We analysed new transit events from both ground-based telescopes and NASA’s TESS mission. Anomalies were detected in most of the light curves and modelled as starspots occulted by the planet during transit events. We fitted the clean and symmetric light curves with the JKTEBOP code and those affected by anomalies with the PRISM+GEMC codes to simultaneously model the photometric parameters of the transits and the position, size, and contrast of each starspot.

Results. We found consistency between the values we found for the physical and orbital parameters and those from the discovery paper and ATLAS9 stellar atmospherical models. We identified different sets of consecutive starspot-crossing events that temporally occurred in less than five days. Under the hypothesis that we are dealing with the same starspots, occulted twice by the planet during two consecutive transits, we estimated the rotational period of the parent star and, in turn the projected and the true orbital obliquity of the planet. We find that the system is well aligned. We identified the possible presence of transit timing variations in the system, which can be caused by tidal orbital decay, and we derived a low-resolution transmission spectrum.
Implications of the discovery of AF Lep b
Authors: Gratton R. , Bonavita M. , Mesa D. , Zurlo A. , Marino S. , Desidera S. , D’Orazi V. , Rigliaco E. , Squicciarini V. , Nogueira P. H.
Published: February 2024

Context. Dynamical masses of young planets aged between 10 and 200 Myr detected in imaging play a crucial role in shaping models of giant planet formation. Regrettably, only a few such objects possess these characteristics. Furthermore, the evolutionary pattern of young sub-stellar companions in near-infrared colour-magnitude diagrams might diverge from free-floating objects, possibly due to differing formation processes.

Aims. The recent identification of a giant planet around AF Lep, part of the β Pic moving group (BPMG), encouraged us to re-examine these points.

Methods. We considered updated dynamical masses and luminosities for the sub-stellar objects in the BPMG. In addition, we compared the properties of sub-stellar companions and free-floating objects in the BPMG and other young associations remapping the positions of the objects in the colour-magnitude diagram into a dustiness-temperature plane.

Results. We found that cold-start evolutionary models do not reproduce the mass-luminosity relation for sub-stellar companions in the BPMG. This aligns rather closely with predictions from “hot start” scenarios and is consistent with recent planet formation models. We obtain rather good agreement with masses from photometry and the remapping approach compared to actual dynamical masses. We also found a strong suggestion that the near-infrared colour-magnitude diagram for young companions is different from that of free-floating objects belonging to the same young associations.

Conclusions. If confirmed by further data, this last result would imply that cloud settling – which likely causes the transition between L and T spectral type – occurs at a lower effective temperature in young companions than in free-floating objects. This might tentatively be explained with a different chemical composition.
Climatology of gravity wave activity based on two Martian years from ACS/TGO observations
Authors: Starichenko Ekaterina D. , Medvedev Alexander S. , Belyaev Denis A. , Yiğit Erdal , Fedorova Anna A. , Korablev Oleg I. , Trokhimovskiy Alexander , Montmessin Franck , Hartogh Paul
Published: February 2024

Context. Gravity waves redistribute energy and momentum between the lower and upper atmosphere, thus providing vertical coupling between layers, and they affect the state, dynamics, and variability of the upper atmosphere. The statistics of gravity wave activity on Mars is poorly explored but is required in order to characterize the atmospheric circulation and to constrain numerical models.

Aims. We present the gravity wave statistics accumulated over two Martian years: from the second half of Martian year 34 to the middle of Martian year 36 (May 2018 to February 2022). The statistics includes seasonal and latitude distributions of the wave potential energy and drag, serving to represent the wave activity and impact on the atmospheric dynamics.

Methods. The observations were performed by the middle- and near-infrared spectrometers of the Atmospheric Chemistry Suite on board the ExoMars Trace Gas Orbiter. The temperature profiles we obtained independently from both channels during simultaneous measurements show a good agreement, thus providing verification and enhancing confidence in the data. The gravity wave parameters included amplitudes of temperature fluctuations, potential energy per unit mass, and wave drag. These parameters were retrieved at altitudes up to 160 and 100 km from the middle- and near-infrared channels, respectively.

Results. A comparison of the data obtained during the global dust storm of Martian year 34 with the corresponding period of Martian year 35 without a storm revealed a reduction of wave activity in mid-latitudes, which is in agreement with previous observations, and enhancement in the polar regions of the southern hemisphere, which was not predicted by simulations with a high-resolution circulation model.
Research on the proportion of solar energy replacing conventional energy under the development trend of green building
Authors: Yang Yuan
Published: February 2024

Question: To explore the proportion of solar energy in replacing conventional energy under the trend of green building development. Methods: The literature and data about the development trend of green building and solar energy utilization were collected. By analyzing these literatures and data, the proportional calculation equation of solar energy application in green buildings is established to evaluate the practical application of solar energy in these projects. Conclusion: Under the trend of green building development, the proportion of solar energy in replacing conventional energy is gradually increasing. However, due to the cost and efficiency constraints of solar technology, the current proportion of solar energy applications in green buildings is still relatively low. Therefore, we recommend further research and development of solar technology to increase the proportion of its application in green buildings, so as to achieve more sustainable energy use.
Analysis the torsional vibration of PC Box Girder Bridge with Corrugated Steel Webs
Authors: Yu Zhuangguo
Published: February 2024

In this study, in order to accurately calculate the torsional vibration frequency of a simply supported corrugated steel web composite box girder, the element stiffness matrix of the torsional vibration of the simply supported corrugated steel web composite box girder was derived using the principle of constant dynamic potential energy, taking into account the shear deformation of the corrugated steel web. Analyzed the influence of waveform steel web plate type and shear deformation on torsional vibration frequency. The results show that the torsional vibration frequencies of the four commonly used types of simply supported corrugated steel web composite box girders in engineering are relatively close, and the influence of corrugated steel web types on torsional vibration frequencies can be ignored in practical calculations; The influence of shear deformation on the torsional vibration frequency of simply supported corrugated steel web composite box girder is significant, and exceeds the influence on its bending vibration frequency. Therefore, the influence of shear deformation must be considered in practical engineering calculations