bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ancient Myth Versus Modern Myth- A Study of the Mythical Character in Shiva Trilogy by Amish Tripathi
Authors: - Nilam Joshi , - Dr.Prakash Vekaria
Published: January 2024

The study is based on the Shiva Trilogy written by Amish Tripathi who is one of the greatest Indian authors. Shiva is the central character of the Novel. There are many Gods and Goddess in Hindu Mythology, but Amish devotees lead him to Rama, Shiva, Sati, Ganesha, Kali, Daksh and virini and encluded the greatest saints and avatars of Shiva.
Decolonization of the Indian Arts and Crafts Industry
Authors: - Nitya Singh Lodhi
Published: January 2024

The ‘British Raj’ is known by all. It was a period during which the British had direct rule over the Indian subcontinent from 1858 up till 1947 i.e., when India and Pakistan gained independence. Previous studies have shown how colonization has dire impacts on the colonizes from an economic, social and even cultural perspective. This stands true even in the case of India. More specifically, however, there were certain industries which were more impacted than the others. In line with the aforementioned, this research paper conducts an in-depth study of the Indian arts and crafts industry to uncover its brilliance and how the British colonized it. The latter half of the paper evaluates the policies and initiatives that have been implemented by the Indian government and ministries, since 1947 to date, to understand how effective these have been in decolonizing the Indian arts and crafts Industry
भारत की नई शिक्षा नीति 2020 में स्नातक स्तर के छात्रों के नेतृत्व कौशल और सामाजिक प्रेरणा के विकास में छात्र कल्याणकारी गतिविधियों की भूमिका पर एक अध्ययन
Authors: - Khushboo Rathore , - Dr. Swati Jajoo
Published: January 2024

प्रस्तुत शोध पत्र में भारत की नई शिक्षा नीति 2020 में स्नातक स्तर के विद्यार्थियों में उनके नेतृत्व कौशल को समझना बहुत आवश्यक है क्योंकि आज का समाज सामाजिकता और समाज हेतु स्वयं के कर्तव्यों को भूलता जा रहा है| राष्ट्रीय शिक्षा नीति के मूल्यांकन हेतु विभिन्न दृष्टिकोण सामने आये है लेकिन इस दृष्टिकोण के बाद भी सामाजिक कल्याण और विद्यार्थियों के विकास में विश्वविद्यालय इन भूमिका का दस्तावेजीकरण कर रहा है| छात्र कल्याणकारी गतिविधियों को ज्ञान के नवाचार और व्यावसायीकरण के सामान ही महत्वपूर्ण माना जाता है | राष्ट्रीय शिक्षा नीति 2020 को ऐसी शिक्षा नीति बनाना चाहा गया है कि देश के कल्याण के साथ ही साथ उच्च शिक्षा स्तर की प्रणाली में नई संज्ञानात्मक क्षमताओं को बढ़ाया और विद्यार्थियों में नेतृत्वता, अभिप्रेरणा, नैतिकता , कलात्मकता, सांस्कृतिकता, सामाजिक भावना, अभिलेखन क्षमता का विकास करना है| उच्च शिक्षा-नीतियों में एक महत्वपूर्ण नीति छात्र-कल्याणकारी गतिविधियों को सही दिशा देना व बढ़ाना है ताकि हर संभव प्रयास द्वारा युवा विद्यार्थियों का उत्थान हो सकें | युवा-कल्याणकारी विभाग छात्रों के लिए कई संभव पहल व जिम्मेदारी ले रहा है| एवं छात्र कल्याणकारी गतिविधियाँ इस प्रकार है- एन.एस.एस. और एन.सी.सी., खेल और खेल गतिविधियाँ, सांस्कृतिक गतिविधियाँ, अभिलेखन गतिविधियाँ, रेड क्रॉस सोसाइटी, छात्र कल्याण संघ, इत्यादि| प्रस्तुत शोध के निष्कर्ष नए शिक्षा नीति 2020 के तहत स्नातक स्तर के छात्रों के नेतृत्व कौशल और अभिप्रेरणा को आकार देने में कल्याण गतिविधियों की भूमिका के बारे में अंतर्दृष्टि प्रदान करते हैं।
Empirical Analysis of the Relationship between Unemployment and Economic Growth in India: A Study Using Okun's Law
Authors: - Rishita Jain , - Poonam Kumari
Published: January 2024

The study examines the correlation between real GDP and unemployment in India, utilising the Okun’s Law structure. Unemployment has been a critical challenge in various developing nations, demanding concerted efforts for mitigation. Okun's Law stands as a pivotal economic principle aimed at
comprehending the intricate relationship between unemployment and its consequential impact on a country's Real GDP growth rate. Therefore, this research paper aims to primarily investigate the administration of Okun's Law within the context of India's economy spanning a three-decade period from
1992 to 2022. The central focus revolves around assessing whether Okun's Law remains empirically valid within the Indian economic landscape over this extended timeframe. Additionally, the study aims to look forth and understand the specific periods or instances where deviations from the expected relationship
occurred and also seeks to elucidate the underlying factors contributing to these deviations. Utilising empirical data and rigorous statistical analysis, this study undertakes a comprehensive examination of India's economic performance vis-à-vis Okun's Law. The analysis extends to explore the divergence from this economic principle during certain temporal periods, aiming to uncover the nuances and factors behind these deviations
Analysis of Scheduled Castes Sub Plan of Telangana State
Authors: - Kade Srinivas , - D. Chennappa
Published: January 2024

The Process of Equalization among an Indian civilians is a continuous practice since Independence, Even after several decades of independence and after several attempts by the government, it is unable to reduce the discrimination in social, cultural, political and economical status of depressed class people. It is observed that economical equalization can be the thriving effect than the other methods of equalizing with mainstream of the Indian society. Taking this economical perspective into consideration the governments are giving much more priorities to economical aspects, like Budgets, Sub plans, special component plans, economical packages etc., Provisions have been made to effectively utilize the funds allocated for the target communities based on the proportion of their population within the budget year. The Department of Scheduled Caste Development is dedicated to the integrated and general development of Scheduled Castes. Educational development, socio-economic development, protection and welfare schemes implementation programs are the main objectives of the Scheduled Caste Department, Welfare schemes like Dalitha Bandhu, T-PRIDE, Kalyana Lakshmi, ASARA pension programs are the financial assistance schemes for Telangana state scheduled Castes people.
Chemical sensors for outdoor air quality monitoring
Authors: Bosilj Dino , Sakač Nikola
Published: January 2024

Air pollution is a global threat leading to large impacts on human health and ecosystems. Emissions and concentrations have increased in many areas and worldwide. In some areas of Europe, air quality remains very poor, despite reduced emissions and concentrations in the environment. Currently the most important environmental risk to human health is air pollution, and Europeans are considered the second biggest concern for the environment, right after climate change. Major problems related to air quality have an impact on human health, and in particular on respiratory diseases. In response to the problems of poor air quality, there is political, media and public interest in air quality issues. The growing public influence over air pollution challenges, including ongoing civic scientific initiatives involved in supporting air quality monitoring and targeted initiatives to raise public awareness and change behavior, has led to increasing support and demand for measures to improve air quality. Due to increasing air pollution, great efforts are being made to develop various chemical methods and chemical sensors used to measure air quality. Cheaper gas-based sensors based on the Arduino system are available today. Given their simplicity and given that they are more cost-effective, these sensors have proven to be very useful in some situations where it is necessary to detect certain gases in the air in a very short time. Several chemical methods have been developed that can also detect certain gases in the air. In this paper, only some methods by which gases and particles can be detected will be mentioned.
L'iconographie des fluctuations glaciaires dans les Alpes occidentales et centrales au XVIIIe siècle
Authors: Nussbaumer Samuel U. , Zumbühl Heinz J.
Published: January 2024

Cet article est consacré à l'apport des sources historiques, en particulier iconographiques, pour l'étude des fluctuations et de l'aspect de plusieurs glaciers des Alpes occidentales et centrales au XVIIIe siècle. Ces fluctuations constituent des indicateurs très sensibles de la variabilité du climat dans cette période du Petit âge glaciaire.

This article discusses the contribution of historical sources, particularly iconographic sources, to the study of the fluctuations and appearance of several glaciers in the western and central Alps in the 18th century. These fluctuations are highly sensitive indicators of climate variability in this period of the Little Ice Age.
Mécanismes physiques d'un éclair nuage-air ascendant au-dessus d'un orage méditerranéen
Authors: Ventre Axel , Hausknost Gabriel , Soula Serge , Coquillat Sylvain , Mlynarczyk Janusz , Hermant Alex
Published: January 2024

Dans la nuit du 1er novembre 2022, une décharge lumineuse a été photographiée au-dessus d'un orage méditerranéen, à 90 km au sud de Nice. L'analyse de deux photographies et d'une vidéo montre qu'elle se compose d'un canal lumineux ascendant émergeant du sommet du nuage à 11,8 km d'altitude, se développant jusqu'à 14,2 km et surmonté de filaments bleus jusqu'à 17,2 km. Elle est associée à un éclair qui démarre par une puissante décharge nuageuse positive à 6 km d'altitude, avec un pic d'intensité électrique de 25 kA. Au cours de cet éclair, le canal lumineux est identifié comme un traceur négatif émergeant du nuage, suivi par trois arcs lumineux reliés à la région de charge négative inférieure d'un dipôle nuageux positif. Cet éclair est produit après une poussée convective et une occurrence d'éclairs positifs au sein de la même région orageuse. La polarité et les conditions de déclenchement de cette décharge ascendante présentent des similitudes avec celles des jets géants.

On the night of November 1, 2022, a luminous discharge was photographed above a Mediterranean thunderstorm, 90 km south of Nice (France). The analysis of two photographs and a video shows that it consists of an ascending light channel emerging from the top of the cloud at an altitude of 11.8 km, expanding up to 14.2 km and surmounted by blue filaments up to 17.2 km. It is associated with a lightning flash which starts with a powerful positive cloud discharge at 6 km altitude with a peak current of 25 kA. During this flash, the light channel above the cloud is identified as a negative leader emerging from the cloud, followed by three light arcs connected to the lower negative charge region of a positive cloud dipole. The flash is produced after a convective surge and an occurrence of positive lightning flashes within the same storm region. The polarity and triggering conditions of this upward discharge have similarities with those of giant jets.
The Lviv-based journal «Nafta» in 1893–1914
Authors: Zamoyski Grzegorz
Published: January 2024

The article describes the Lviv-based journal «Nafta», which was published between 1893 and 1914. The journal was published as a monthly or biweekly and its editorial board was composed of professors of Lviv universities and Galician economic activists. «Nafta» was not the first journal devoted to the issues of the oil industry – methods of its extraction, economic questions on this branch of the economy, information on the functioning of the oil industry in other countries or the actions of national and state authorities towards this industry. Such journals had already been published earlier in Gorlice and Krosno and, after the publication of «Nafta» began, also in Jasło (Pawłowski 1995: 366). However, these journals were ephemera, and the Lviv-based «Nafta», as the long-standing organ of the National Petroleum Society and earlier the Society of Petroleum Technicians, was published until the end of July 1914.
Keywords: Galicia, Lviv, oil industry in Galicia, Polish journals in Galicia.
Mykhailo Kachanyuk as the editor of the newspaper «Rusyn» (1923): attribution of authorship and image factor
Authors: Gabor Vasyl
Published: January 2024

In the article, the authorship of thirty-seven publications encompassing cultural, literary, and progressive themes, alongside theater reviews, critiques, six art pieces, and five translations by the lesser-known repressed Ukrainian writer, publicist, literary critic, translator, and editor Mykhailo Kachanyuk (1889–1937) has been analyzed and clarified. These works were published in the pages of the Uzhhorod daily newspaper «Rusinъ» (1923) and its il lustrated supplement «Nedilya Rusyna» (1923) under the pseudonyms M. Sіriy (M. Сѣрый) and M. Tonya, as well as the code names М. С., М. Т., С. М., К., М., С. and without specified authorship.
The attribution of authorship for many publications and original works of M. Kachanyuk, especially those lacking signatures, was established based on his publication «Natsionalna kultura» (Uzhhorod, 1923) and his epistolary legacy. Additional sources involved the memoirs of Czech scholar F. Tichý under the name of «Uzhhorod 1923» (Perechyn, 1992), polemical discussions in the press, and an analysis of the thematic direction and stylistic features of his writing.
M. Kachanyuk’s comprehensive publications significantly influenced the qualitative standard of the «Rusinъ» newspaper and its image, enabling the publication to acquire a universal character and leaving a vivid mark on the Transcarpathian press in the early 1920s.
Keywords: Mykhailo Kachanyuk, editor, Rusyn newspaper, Nedilya Rusyna supplement, attribution of authorship, image factor, publications.
Pengaruh CHSE (Cleanliness, Health, Safety, Environment Sustainability) dan Hotel Facility terhadap Customer Satisfaction di Hotel Augusta Garut
Authors: Septiadi Fahmy , Saberina Sabilla , Panigoro Aggi
Published: January 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui Pengaruh CHSE (Cleanliness, Health, Safety, Environment Sustainability) dan Hotel Facility Terhadap Customer Satisfaction di Hotel Augusta Garut. Dilatar belakangi oleh perkembangan Industri Pariwisata Perhotelan di Jawa Barat, serta masih banyaknya ulasan buruk atau ulasan negatif dari para tamu yang sudah pernah menginap di Hotel Augusta Garut dan memberi rating yang kurang baik di aplikasi pemesanan hotel seperti Agoda, Traveloka, dan lainnya. Data dalam penelitian ini dikumpulkan melalui penyebaran kuisioner pada responden. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah kunjungan wisatawan yang menginap di Kabupaten Garut dilihat dari total kunjungan wisatawan dari tahun 2019 – 2023 sebanyak 345.363 pengunjung. Jumlah sampel yang diambil didasarkan pada perhitungan dengan menggunakan rumus Taro Yamane dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 100 (seratus) responden. Hasil penyebaran kuisioner dianalisis dengan analisis regresi berganda, koefisien determinasi, uji t dan uji F. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: (1) terdapat pengaruh yang positif dan signifikan antara CHSE secara parsial terhadap Customer Satisfaction di Hotel Augusta Garut (2) terdapat pengaruh yang positif dan signifikan antara Hotel Facility secara parsial terhadap Customer Satisfaction di Hotel Augusta Garut (3) terdapat pengaruh yang positif dan signifikan antara CHSE dan Hotel Facility secara simultan terhadap Customer Satisfaction di Hotel Augusta Garut.
Testing CORDEX GCMs for Projecting Rainfall in Amhara, Ethiopia
Authors: Mekoya Antensay , Molla Moges
Published: January 2024

Five CORDEX Global Circulation Models (GCMs): ICHEC-EC-EARTH, MIROC5, HadGEM2-ES, MPI-ESM-LR, and NorESM1-M were tested and validated for projecting rainfall in the Amhara regional state of Ethiopia. The GCMs were evaluated in terms of their performance during the historical period 1981-2020 and of the near-term, mid-term, and long-term future periods in three Representative Concentration Pathway (RCP) scenarios, RCP2.6, RCP4.5, and RCP8.5, across 71 grid points. Monthly observed rainfall data was used to compare the GCMs' performance and correct their biases using three non-parametric quartile mapping methods: robust empirical quartiles, empirical quartiles, and smoothing splines. The results show that HadGEM2-ES and MPI-ESM-LR had the best performance in the study area. The test and validation results for these two GCMs have come up with r = 0.8, NSE = 0.5-0.6, and RMSE = 64-70 mm/month. As there was a large discrepancy in historical and projected CORDEX rainfall data, bias correction was necessary, and the robust empirical quartiles method was found the best for the Amhara region. Compared to the historical, there will be a decrease in the monthly rainfall amount for the months of March, May, June, July, and October and an increase for the rest in all projected scenarios. The result concluded that using an ensemble of HadGEM2-ES & MPI-ESM-LR GCMs would better simulate the rainfall in the Amhara region
Male Erectile Dysfunction Problems in Healthcare Facilities in Dar-es-Salaam, Tanzania
Authors: Mkonyi Ever , Trent Maria , Mwakawanga Dorkasi L. , Massae Agnes Fredrick , Ross Michael W. , Bonilla Zobeida E. , Mohammed Inari S. , Lukumay Gift Gadiel , Mushy Stella Emmanuel , Mgopa Lucy Raphael , Wadley James , Mkoka Dickson Ally , Rosser Brian Robert Simon
Published: January 2024

Male erectile dysfunction is a significant public health problem that considerably impacts one's relationships and affects sexual life. However,  few studies have been conducted in Sub-Saharan Africa to explore male erectile dysfunction. This study explored how healthcare professionals identify and manage male erectile dysfunction in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. Eighteen (18) focus group discussions were conducted with healthcare practitioners (N=60) and students (N=61), stratified by midwifery, nursing, or medicine. Thematic analysis resulted in two main themes: history taking and disease management. Providers and students highlighted different approaches to handling erectile dysfunction, and the results revealed inadequate knowledge among providers on male erectile dysfunction. In addition, the results presented the unmet need of patients with erectile dysfunction in the community, forcing patients to seek care from traditional healers. Therefore, this study recommends comprehensive health training and continuous education for practicing health professionals on sexuality and sexual health across disciplines. Training would potentially increase confidence among healthcare providers when engaging with patients and provide referrals to specialized care to optimize patient outcomes
Participatory and community-based approach in combating agri-food misinformation: A Scoping Review
Authors: Chowdhury Ataharul , Kabir Khondokar H. , Asafo-Agyei Edward K. , Abdulai Abdul-Rahim
Published: January 2024

The spread of ill information with or without the intention of deceiving or causing harm has negatively impacted agricultural development both in social and digital spaces. This has led to a lack of trust in adopting new technologies and practices, which has hindered the process of facilitating agricultural development. Although the study of agri-food misinformation is still in its early stages, this paper draws on a scoping review of existing literature and lessons learned from other fields, such as political science and public health, which have extensive experience in combating misinformation in social settings. The article explores how Farmer Field Schools (FFS), a popular participatory and community-based approach, can incorporate media literacy education and how a local agricultural information hub, platform approach and a relatively new approach called technology stewardship in agricultural extension can help those working in the agri-food industry combat misinformation.
All in a moment: Continuous response measurement method for analyzing dynamic science communication content
Authors: Baker Lauri M. , McLeod-Morin Ashley , Mattox Anissa
Published: January 2024

Science communication strategy plays a crucial role in effectively conveying scientific information to target audiences. While various models exist for developing communication strategies, many focus on measuring the effectiveness of communication efforts and adjusting these based on audience feedback. However, traditional methods of evaluating communication effectiveness often measure one component at a time and do not consider how people make decisions in real-life situations. This paper proposes the use of continuous response measurement (CRM) as a method to evaluate science communication in agricultural social science research. CRM allows for real-time measurement of how individuals make decisions in response to dynamic communication content. This paper compares different types of CRM, including in-person and virtual dial CRM, and provides resources for researchers interested in implementing this methodology. The paper also discusses various research designs that can be used with CRM, such as experimental designs, survey designs, time-series designs, focus groups, and coding content and behavior. The benefits and limitations of CRM are outlined, highlighting the need for immediate feedback and real-time response in science communication campaigns. In-person CRM is discussed, including the selection of stimuli, response prompts, data collection procedures, and data analysis. Virtual CRM is also examined, highlighting its advantages in terms of flexibility and cost-effectiveness. The paper concludes by discussing data output and analysis methods for CRM data. Overall, this paper serves as a methodological proposal for the use of CRM in agricultural social science research, emphasizing the importance of real-time measurement and response in science communication.
Security of the European Union ad the Western Balkan Countries with Corruption and Illegal Migration
Authors: Mišetić Dragan , Radić Gordan
Published: January 2024

The issues of illegal migration and asylum are extremely important for the countries of the European Union and the Western Balkans. Currently, we are facing new types of migration of people from countries such as Afghanistan, Syria, Iraq, Algeria, Egypt and others who illegally cross the borders of the Western Balkan countries on their way to the European Union. Is this path just a humane resettlement of the people? Or maybe it's part of a tactic that seeks to jeopardize Christian foundations. Demographics and biology are something that can be predicted and calculated. States have the same problems and challenges in the field of migration management and control especially in the fight against illegal migration through their territories. Border control is also linked to the problem of the efficiency of institutions and a single management system in the field of migration and asylum. The fundamental characteristic of countries in transition is the presence of various types of dysfunctional conflicts. The transition burdened with these conflicts leaves consequences for all generations. It is itself a great social change that encompasses all fields of life from the family to all other institutions in society. In such conditions, we also have corruption that develops as an infectious disease that does not stop in societies. The aim of this paper is to point out the problem of migration, especially illegal migration, which flourished a few years ago.
Analisis Kinerja Ruas Jalan Diponegoro Kota Blitar
Authors: Motu Lukas Laiya , Pandulu Galih Damar , Primasworo Rifky Aldila
Published: January 2024

This study aims to determine the characteristics of the Diponegoro road and to recognize the performance of the road. This study utilizes descriptive methods and Guidelines for Indonesian Road Capacity (PKJI, 2014). The results revealed that the value of the Degree of Saturation (DJ) was 0.340 on weekdays in the morning peak hours with service level category B. Meanwhile, during peak hours in the afternoon and evening each had a Degree of Saturation (DJ) value of 0.301 and 0.205 with service level category B. The value of the Degree of Saturation (DJ) on weekends in the morning, afternoon and evening peak categories are 0.226, 0.193 and 0.153, respectively, with service level B. Meanwhile, the prediction for the next 5 years (2029) The Degree of Saturation (DJ) is 0.386 during peak hours. in the morning with service level category B and on weekends the Degree of Saturation (DJ) is 0.257 in service level category B. This level of service needs to be continuously improved by increasing pedestrian facilities and providing vehicles outside the road to maintain the value of side barriers with a very low category.
Evaluation of the efficacy and safety of endoscopic band ligation in the treatment of bleeding from mild to moderate gastric varices type 1
Authors: Deng Yue , Jiang Ya , Jiang Tong , Chen Ling , Mou Hai-Jun , Tuo Bi-Guang , Shi Guo-Qing
Published: January 2024

BACKGROUND

According to practice guidelines, endoscopic band ligation (EBL) and endoscopic tissue adhesive injection (TAI) are recommended for treating bleeding from esophagogastric varices. However, EBL and TAI are known to cause serious complications, such as hemorrhage from dislodged ligature rings caused by EBL and hemorrhage from operation-related ulcers resulting from TAI. However, the optimal therapy for mild to moderate type 1 gastric variceal hemorrhage (GOV1) has not been determined. Therefore, the aim of this study was to discover an individualized treatment for mild to moderate GOV1.

AIM

To compare the efficacy, safety and costs of EBL and TAI for the treatment of mild and moderate GOV1.

METHODS

A clinical analysis of the data retrieved from patients with mild or moderate GOV1 gastric varices who were treated under endoscopy was also conducted. Patients were allocated to an EBL group or an endoscopic TAI group. The differences in the incidence of varicose relief, operative time, operation success rate, mortality rate within 6 wk, rebleeding rate, 6-wk operation-related ulcer healing rate, complication rate and average operation cost were compared between the two groups of patients.

RESULTS

The total effective rate of the two treatments was similar, but the efficacy of EBL (66.7%) was markedly better than that of TAI (39.2%) (P < 0.05). The operation success rate in both groups was 100%, and the 6-wk mortality rate in both groups was 0%. The average operative time (26 min) in the EBL group was significantly shorter than that in the TAI group (46 min) (P < 0.01). The rate of delayed postoperative rebleeding in the EBL group was significantly lower than that in the TAI group (11.8% vs 45.1%) (P < 0.01). At 6 wk after the operation, the healing rate of operation-related ulcers in the EBL group was 80.4%, which was significantly greater than that in the TAI group (35.3%) (P < 0.01). The incidence of postoperative complications in the two groups was similar. The average cost and other related economic factors were greater for the EBL than for the TAI (P < 0.01).

CONCLUSION

For mild to moderate GOV1, patients with EBL had a greater one-time varix eradication rate, a greater 6-wk operation-related ulcer healing rate, a lower delayed rebleeding rate and a lower cost than patients with TAI.
Depression, Anxiety and Stress among Nursing Students in Selected Colleges of Eastern India: A Descriptive Study
Authors: Helenpuii  , Krishna Choudhury
Published: January 2024

Background: Nursing students after enrolling themselves into nursing profession experiences high level of stress and anxiety which later shows signs and symptoms of depression at early age. The present study is undertaken to study the level of stress, anxiety and depression among undergraduate nurses. The objective of the study was to assess the level of stress, anxiety and depression among nursing undergraduates.Methods: A total of 201 sample were selected using non probability sampling technique. The three domains of mental status was assessed using depression, anxiety and stress scale-21 (DASS-21).Findings & Conclusion: Majority of the nursing students showed 60.2% of mild anxiety followed by milddepression (57.7%) and mild stress (55.2%). The present study revealed significant presence of anxiety, stress and depression among the nursing undergraduates. These findings are alarming in nature as it may have negative impacts on the mental health of the students. Stress, anxiety and depression among nursing students will adversly affect the academic performance and the quality of care they give to their patients. Students must be made aware to employ different coping strategies, different communication skills, campus connectdness, to deal with the stress,anxiety and depression during their clinical training. Mental health screening is another important preventive strategies to avoid mental disorders.
Correlation of Body Mass Index and Waist Hip Ratio with Cardiovascular Parameters in Sedentary Males
Authors: Jayalakshmi MK
Published: January 2024

Background

There is an excess of adipose tissue accumulation in obesity which is associated with more sympathetic activity resulting major potential mechanism contributing to increased risk of cardiovascular complications. Obesity is associated with coronary arterial diseases, type-2 diabetes mellitus, infertility, osteoarthritis, and colo-rectal cancers. Visceral fat is more atherogenic.

Method

100 sedentary healthy male subjects selected randomly in the general population of Davangere city. Anthropometric parameters like weight, height, waist and hip circumference were measured. With these, Body Mass Index (BMI), Waist Hip Ratio (WHR) were calculated. Correlation between BMI and WHR with cardiovascular parameters was made.

Results

There was statistically significant increase in body mass index, waist hip ratio, blood pressure and pulse rate was seen and there was positive correlation between body mass index, waist hip ratio with blood pressure and pulse rate in sedentary subjects.

Conclusion

Sedentary life style and obesity are associated with increase in body mass index, waist hip ratio, blood pressure and pulse rate. There is a positive correlation between Body Mass Index, Waist Hip Ratio with Pulse Rate, Systolic and Diastolic Blood Pressure.
Short Term Memory Status by Visual Tasks using Object Test
Authors: Saher Ansari, Saher Ansari
Published: January 2024

The process of learning is most essential to become academically more effective, and memory status plays an important role. The Present study is an attempt to establish normal short term memory status by visual tasks in medical students. To evaluate the influence of gender and also to evaluate changes in short term memory status after application of some standard memory improvement methods. Short term memory status for object test was significant which may be due to good sight, one's relation with the world around, source of pleasure, three dimension effects etc. Females showed a significantly better memory status for object test due to better attention, involvement in task and concentration. Due to effectiveness of memory improvement methods, there was statistically significant improvement in memory status in all the subjects and more so in females.
Influence of Age and Regular Exercise on Blood Pressure in Female Subjects
Authors: Jayalakshmi M.K, Chandrashekhar D M
Published: January 2024

Background and Aim

Sedentary lifestyle is a major underlying cause of disease, disability and death. Many studies have shown that sedentary life style increases risk of hypertension and pre-hypertension. The frequency of coronary heart disease was five times more in light workers compared to heavy workers. Inactivity may diminish life expectancy not only by predisposing to age related diseases but also influence the aging process by oxidative stress. Since sedentary lifestyle is a major risk factor in development of hypertension, the present study was conducted to find effect of sedentary lifestyle and age on blood pressure.

Method

100 healthy sedentary and 100 non-sedentary female subjects in the age group of 25–55 years were selected randomly from the general population of Gadag city. Depending upon the age, subjects were divided into three groups for analysis. Blood pressure was recorded with a mercury sphygmomanometer in supine position in the right upper limb by auscultatory method after 30 minutes of physical and mental relaxation. Three readings were taken at an interval of 15 minutes each and an average of the three values calculated and compared between three groups.

Results

There was statistically significant increase in systolic blood pressure in sedentary subjects of all the three groups compared to non-sedentary subjects. Diastolic blood pressure was found to be increased in sedentary subjects in all the three groups but statistically significant increase was found in group two and three.
Comparison of VO2 Max in Untrained Healthy Adults-Bicycle Ergometer and Harvard Step Test
Authors: Priyanka Singh, Satyanath Reddy K
Published: January 2024

The purpose of the study was to compare the VO2 max from bicycle ergometer and Harvard step test in untrained adults. A total of fifty students between age group of 18–25 yrs were enrolled for the study (25 were males and 25 were females) all the participants were randomly selected and divided into two groups group A and group B. After analysing by student t-test significant differences in physiological responses between the two tests were seen between bicycle ergometer test and Harvard step test. So, it can be explained by the fact that except different levels of load and intensity of work and types of movements or movement characteristic for certain ergometer, there can be different cardio respiratory and metabolic reactions
A Comparative Study of QTC in Obese, Non-Obese Hypertensive and Obese Normotensive Males
Authors: Divya R, Ashok V
Published: January 2024

Background

QTc (corrected QT interval) is an index of physiological variability of ventricular repolarization. Prolonged QTc has been reported in cardiac failure, arterial hypertension, ischaemic heart disease and in obesity.

Aims and Objectives

This study was aimed at evaluating the effect of hypertension and obesity on QTc. The objective of the study was to compare the QTc in obese, non-obese hypertensive and normotensive obese male subjects.

Method

We compared the QTc in obese-hypertensives (n=15), in nonobese hypertensives (n=15) and in obese-normotensives (n=15), comparable for age and sex. Blood pressure was measured in supine position by mercury sphygmomanometer. Body mass index (BMI), WC (waist circumference) and WHR (waist hip ratio) of all patients were calculated.

Results

QTc was longer in obese hypertensives and obese normotensives compared to nonobese hypertensives(p<0.00). WC and WHR had positive correlation with QTc prolongation in obese hypertensives and obese normotensives.

Conclusion

This study indicates that obesity is an important predictor of QTc prolongation than blood pressure. Waist circumference and WHR which reflects abdominal obesity have greater association with QTc prolongation.
To Evaluate Auditory Evoked Potentials in Non Alcoholic Liver Cirrhosis Subjects Attending a Tertiary Care Hospital: A Cross Sectional Study
Authors: Gowri Velayutham
Published: January 2024

Introduction

There is a definite relationship between the brain and the liver that has been known and the patients with liver cirrhosis frequently experience neurological problems. The commonest and most widely recognized is the syndrome of Hepatic Encephalopathy (HE). HE is generally taken as that refer to a collection of neuropsychiatric, neuropsychological and neurological disturbances that may arise as a complication of liver cirrhosis and which is reversible. The present study was designed to evaluate the involvement of central nervous system in non alcoholic liver cirrhosis by using auditory evoked potentials to assess conduction in auditory pathway.

Materials and Method

20 non alcoholic liver cirrhotic subjects were selected and 10 age and gender matched healthy subjects with normal liver functions from the Master Health Check Up. AEP Recording was done in electrophysiology laboratory of Physiology using Neuro Perfect Plus Medicaid Polyrite.

Results

The parameter for the study was absolute wave latencies which was considered the important cortical wave latencies. Results were analysed by student's independent t-test using Statistical Package for Social Sciences 11.5 version. P value was calculated to test the statistical significance. The level of significance chosen for the study was 1% (p < 0.01).

Conclusion

The finding of absolute wave latency prolongation in clinically non encephalopathic non alcoholic cirrhotic patients signify the presence of MHE. Therefore the ethanol induced demyelination thought to be the basic cause of AEPs is also over ruled. AEP is such a simple non invasive technique to be used as a prognostic marker and in follow up of even comatose patients. The emergence of MHE is significantly correlated with the severity of liver functions.
A Study of Introduction of Concept of Emotional Intelligence in Medical Students
Authors: Pratibha Mehta, Veenodini Warhade
Published: January 2024

Introduction

Despite high clinical skills of Indian medical graduates, there is growing mistrust between doctors and patients. Currently there is no programme of developing emotional intelligence (EI) in medical curriculum.

Material and Method

A cross-sectional study based on questionnaire was conducted on 35 medical students. Demographic data was collected by semi open ended questionnaire. EI data was collected by Schutte's Self-Report EI test questionnaire of on a 5 point Likert scale. After collecting the responses, the students were asked to attend a one hour lecture on emotional intelligence. Data was entered in MS-EXCEL and analyzed by SPSS version 19. Student's t-test was used to calculate p value. Data was considered significant for p< 0.05.

Results

Out of total 35 subjects, 20 (57.14%) were male. 26 (74.28%) stayed in hostel. Mean EI score was 102.42.EI in hostel vs. family accommodation was 98.34 and 103.27 respectively. Mean EI score males and females was 98.41 and 104.25 respectively.

Conclusion

IMG have low EI. Gender and type of accommodation have no significant effect on EI. Sensitization of IMG is required to develop EI.
The Relationship between Performance of Students in Internal Assessment and Final Summative Assessment in the Subject of Physiology in a North Indian Medical College
Authors: Nida Nowreen, Farhana Ahad
Published: January 2024

Background

Assessments, if suitably conducted, can serve several goals and provide many advantages to all stakeholders-the medical students, the teaching faculty, the universities and the society as a whole. Assessment in medical education is mostly of two forms either formative or summative. Although it is generally assumed that the performance of a student in formative assessment will act as a predictor for performance in the summative examination not many studies are available support it.

Objectives

To explore whether performance in the continuous internal assessment, correlates with the final summative assessment in first year medical students in the subject of Physiology for the last three years.

Materials and Method

This study was conducted over a period of six months at SKIMS medical college, Srinagar. It was a observational record-based study on 280 students who took a thorough internal assessment and final examination in the subject of physiology in the batches 2014–15, 2015–16 and 2016–17.

Results

The internal assessment marks showed a positive correlation with marks obtained in final assessment or final university exams in all three batches, which is statistically highly significant (p<0.01). It was also observed that the percentage of final university marks was higher as compared to internal assessment marks in all batches.

Conclusion

The present study revealed a positive correlation between internal assessment and final university marks supporting the general assumption that the performance of a student in formative assessment will act as a predictor for performance in the final summative examination.
Cardiovascular Reactivity Accompanying Voluntary Urine Retention in Normal Young Adults
Authors: Manju Lata Arya, Prashant  Bhatnagar
Published: January 2024

Background

The purpose of the present study was to observe the effect of urinary bladder distension on cardiovascular reactivity in normal young adults

Method

Study was conducted in T.M.U Moradabad. Blood pressure and heart rate were recorded in 30 normal healthy young adults of 18–25 years of age group. Parameters were recorded in three stages (phase 1: empty bladder before drinking water, phase 2: after intake of water and with full urinary bladder, phase 3: immediately after emptying of bladder.

Results

Significant variation (<0.001) in BP and pulse rate in different phases were observed. Systolic BP and diastolic were in First stage 112.2 ± 5.54, 76.73 ± 4.50 Second stage 134.2 ± 4.12, 92.6 ± 3and Third stage 106.6 ± 4.58, 74.4 ± 4.279 respectively. Pulse rates were 70.2 ± 3.07, 78 ± 3.64, 71.8 ± 2.8935 in first, second and third stages respectively and differences were significant(p <0.001).

Conclusion

Findings suggested that systolic and diastolic blood pressure were raised with full urinary bladder.

Conclusion

Subjects should be asked to empty bladder before measuring their blood pressure in practice to avoid erroneous recordings.
Psychological Distress in Undergraduate Medical Students
Authors: Sat Pal, Praveen Prashant, Ravi Rohilla
Published: January 2024

Introduction

Stress is a condition that affects a person's physical and mental health. It is a response of the person to the environmental condition including interaction with it, which can pose threat to physical and mental wellbeing of the subject. Every person has certain endurance to cope up with the impending stress but when it increases beyond it, leads to psychological stress.

Objective

To assess psychological distress among medical students.

Method

In this study which we planned on 200 medical students 197 participated. These students were admitted recently to the medical college. Using Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K10) mental wellbeing of the participants was assessed. Participants were informed about the questionnaire and consent was taken as such. Standardised questionnaire was distributed and participants were asked to choose the most adequate option provided.

Result

46.7% i.e. 92 of 197 students (50 female and 42 males, p value 0.283) scored below 20 that show no psychological stress or healthy status. 26.9% i.e. 53 (25 female and 28males, p value 0.6002), students scored 20–24 which shows mild distress and no significant difference between prevalence in both gender. 16.7% i.e. 33 (13 female and 20 males, p value 0.1729) scored 25–29, which shows moderate stress and without any significant difference and students which showed severe distress were 19(9.6%) (11 female and 8 male, p value 0.4747) with no significant difference and scored ? 30 on Kessler's score.

Conclusion

Approximately half of students were found of healthy mental status. 38 female students were found in mild to moderate distress as compared to 48 male students. 11 female and 8 male students were found in severe distress.
Study of Inflammatory Biomarker (PARC/CCL 18) in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease and its Correlation with Disease Severity in South Indian Population
Authors: Ganesan. R, Varadharaju, Vishnukanth, Karthik, Gaur. G.S
Published: January 2024

Aim

Our recent studies have shown that inflammatory biomarker (PARC/CCL 18) in chronic pulmonary disease and its correlation with disease severity in south Indian population. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a lung disease characterised by chronic obstruction of lung airways which is not entirely reversible. Pulmonary and activation-regulated chemokine ligand-18(PARC/CCL18) is a 7-kD protein that is constitutively expressed by monocytes/macrophages and dendritic cells and is secreted predominantly in the lung. It is a promising inflammatory marker in COPD.

Material and Method

This was a Descriptive study conducted in 130 male COPD patients. It was designed to assess the specific inflammatory marker and study their relationship with disease severity levels in male COPD patients.

Results

inflammatory biomarkers of Pulmonary and activation regulated chemokine ligand-18 levels were significantly (P<0.003) increased in very severe COPD patients when compared with mild, moderate and severe COPD patients.

Conclusion

From the present study, we conclude that in COPD specific biomarker serum PARC/CCL18 associated with disease severity
Forced Vital Capacity Parameters in Tibetan Youths Born and Residing in India
Authors: Varsha M Shindhe, Maheshkumar M Shindhe, Kammar K F
Published: January 2024

Background and Objective

There is evidence of considerable variation in pulmonary functions in different ethnic groups, between races and across generations attributed to genetic factors leading to the formation of airways of different size or with different elastic recoil. This study was aimed to evaluate and compare pulmonary functions between Tibetan males with Indian origin and young Indian males.

Materials and Method

Forced Vital Capacity parameters (measured using spiroanalyser SPL-95) of 50 Tibetan males aged 20–30 years born and brought up in Mundgod, North Karnataka District, were compared with 50 Indian males matched for age, sex, height and weight as controls. The obtained data was analyzed between the two groups by applying unpaired student's ‘t’ test.

Results

The anthropometric data between the two groups showed no statistical significant difference. The FVC (litres), FEV1(L/sec) and FEV1/FVC were higher in Tibetan males with Indian origin when compared to Indian males being statistically significant at P<0.001 [95% CI(0.79, 1.08), (0.87, 1.20) and (0.02, 0.06) respectively]. Flow rates [MMEF (L/sec), MEF75% (L/sec) and MEF50% (L/sec)] were higher in Tibetan males as compared to Indian males. MMEF was statistically significant at P <0.01[95% CI (0.24, 1.17)], MEF75% and MEF50% were statistically significant at P <0.001 [95%CI (2.13, 3.73) and (0.43, 1.51) respectively]. The MEF25% was lesser in Tibetan males than compared to Indian males but was not statistically significant.

Conclusion

There is a difference in lung functions between Tibetan youths with Indian origin and Indian youths though both share similar environmental challenges showing that Tibetan males with Indian origin still retain better respiratory parameters as their ancestors which could be due to their inheritance of genetic factors that favour their survival at a high altitude
Survey of Changes in the Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate at the Different Stages of Therapy by Westergren Method in the Patients of Pulmonary Tuberculosis in the Malwa Region of Madhya Pradesh
Authors: Kumar Abhishek
Published: January 2024

Background

Tuberculosis, an ancient disease of man remains the most important specific communicable disease in the world caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Tuberculosis continues to be the biggest public health problem in terms of morbidity & mortality.

Aims & Objective

To study the changes in erythrocyte sedimentation rate at the different period of therapy in Pulmonary tuberculosis.

Material & Method

A total of 50 untreated sputum positives well as negative cases of pulmonary tuberculosis admitted in TB chest department as well as out patients of Pulmonary Medicine department of Index Medical College Hospital & Research Centre, Indore were included. Under aseptic precautions 5ml of blood collected from sputum positive cases of pulmonary tuberculosis as well as sputum negative in EDTA vacutainers & erythrocyte sedimentation rate were analysed using westergren tube at different period of therapy.

Result

The study was conducted on 50 subjects of different age group. The sputum positive cases shows rise in ESR with different degree of mild, moderate & severe, While it decreases & comes to normal at different period of therapy as sputum negative cases which has already normal ESR range. So there was a significant post treatment improvement in ESR.

Conclusion

Blood changes in pulmonary tuberculosis are common in the form of increased ESR with degree of mild, moderate & severe rise at the beginning of therapy, Which decreases & comes to normal range at the different period of therapy, which can be used as a guide to assess the improvement of TB patients after therapy.