bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Transition-metal-free and base promoted C–C bond formation via C–N bond cleavage of organoammonium salts
Authors: Zhang Tao , Wang Kunyu , Ke Yuting , Tang Yuanyuan , Liu Long , Huang Tianzeng , Li Chunya , Tang Zhi , Chen Tieqiao
Published: September 2021

Only mediated by KOtBu, a deaminative carbon–carbon bond forming reaction of organoammonium salts with benzyl C(sp3)–H bond was developed.
In vivo metal-catalyzed SeCT therapy by a proapoptotic peptide
Authors: Ahmadi Peni , Muguruma Kyohei , Chang Tsung-Che , Tamura Satoru , Tsubokura Kazuki , Egawa Yasuko , Suzuki Takehiro , Dohmae Naoshi , Nakao Yoichi , Tanaka Katsunori
Published: September 2021

The combination of a proapoptotic peptide with covalent tagging and a carrier-Ru-complex inhibited tumor growth in mice after a single injection.
Cancer therapeutic strategies based on metal ions
Authors: Liu Yang , Wang Yinghui , Song Shuyan , Zhang Hongjie
Published: September 2021

This perspective systematically summarizes the latest research progress of metal ion-based anti-tumor therapy, and emphasizes the challenges and development directions of this type of therapeutic strategy.
Machine learning to tame divergent density functional approximations: a new path to consensus materials design principles
Authors: Duan Chenru , Chen Shuxin , Taylor Michael G. , Liu Fang , Kulik Heather J.
Published: September 2021

Machine learning (ML)-based feature analysis reveals universal design rules regardless of density functional choices. Using the consensus among multiple functionals, we identify robust lead complexes in ML-accelerated chemical discovery.
Unveiling the complex pattern of intermolecular interactions responsible for the stability of the DNA duplex
Authors: Altun Ahmet , Garcia-Ratés Miquel , Neese Frank , Bistoni Giovanni
Published: September 2021

Advanced electronic structure methods provide a new insight into the intermolecular interactions responsible for the intrinsic stability of the duplex structure of human DNA.
Reliability and Accuracy of Expert Auditory-Perceptual Evaluation of Voice via Telepractice Platforms
Authors: Dahl Kimberly L. , Weerathunge Hasini R. , Buckley Daniel P. , Dolling Anton S. , Díaz-Cádiz Manuel , Tracy Lauren F. , Stepp Cara E.
Published: September 2021

Purpose

This study assessed the reliability and accuracy of auditory-perceptual voice evaluations by experienced clinicians via telepractice platforms.

Method

Voice samples from 20 individuals were recorded after transmission via telepractice platforms. Twenty experienced clinicians (10 speech-language pathologists, 10 laryngologists) evaluated the samples for dysphonia percepts (overall severity, roughness, breathiness, and strain) using a modified Consensus Auditory-Perceptual Evaluation of Voice. Reliability was calculated as the mean of squared differences between repeated ratings (intrarater agreement), and between individual and group mean ratings (interrater agreement). Repeated measures analyses of variance were constructed to measure effects of transmission condition (e.g., original recording, WebEx, Zoom), dysphonia percept, and their interaction on intrarater agreement, interrater agreement, and average ratings. Significant effects were evaluated with post hoc Tukey's tests.

Results

There were significant effects of transmission condition, percept, and their interaction on average ratings, and a significant effect of percept on interrater agreement. Post hoc testing revealed statistically, but not clinically, significant differences in average roughness ratings across transmission conditions, and significant differences in interrater agreement for several percepts. Overall severity had the highest agreement and strain had the lowest.

Conclusion

Telepractice transmission does not substantially reduce reliability or accuracy of auditory-perceptual voice evaluations by experienced clinicians.
Implementing adaptive risk management for synthetic biology: Lessons from iGEM's safety and security programme
Authors: Millett Piers , Alexanian Tessa
Published: September 2021

Synthetic biology offers exciting possibilities to deal with local and global challenges over the coming decades. As we make greater use of biological engineering, it will be increasingly important to balance potential risks and benefits. The rate, scale, and diffusion of relevant capabilities will make this challenging. There will be a growing need for flexible risk management approaches, which can be rapidly adapted as technology and societal needs change. This study details efforts by the International Genetically Engineered Machine (iGEM) competition in creating and implementing an adaptive risk management approach. It concludes with key lessons and challenges: working with hazardous materials, such as dangerous pathogens, toxins and chemicals; managing risks to plants, animals and the environment; use of samples from people, animals, and the environment; improving the hazards identified; variations in risk perception and tolerance; variation in terminology that complicates interpretation of risk management plans; and connections with broader societal or ethical questions, such as animal use, gender and sexuality, or benefit sharing.
Prior‐guided multiscale network for single‐image dehazing
Authors: Wang Nian , Cui Zhigao , Su Yanzhao , He Chuan , Lan Yunwei , Li Aihua
Published: September 2021

Single‐image dehazing is an important problem because it is a key prerequisite for most high‐level computer vision tasks. Traditional prior‐based methods adopt priors generated from clear images to restrain the atmospheric scattering model and then recover haze‐free images. However, these prior‐based methods always encounter over‐enhancement, such as halos and colour distortion. To solve this problem, many works use a convolutional neural network to retrieve original images. However, without priors as guidance, these learning‐based methods dehaze effectively in synthetic datasets but perform poorly in real scenes. Hence, in this paper, we propose a prior‐guided multiscale network for single‐image dehazing named PGMNet. Specifically, prior‐based methods are adopted to acquire dehazed images of the training dataset in advance and then send these dehazed images to a parameter‐shared encoder to form multiscale features. During the decoding process, these multiscale features are adopted to guide the prior‐guided multiscale network to recover more image details. Moreover, considering that these prior‐based dehazed images usually contain some over‐enhanced regions, a spatial attention guided feature aggregation module and squeeze‐and‐excitation module are adopted to alleviate colour distortion. The proposed PGMNet takes the advantage of prior‐based methods in real haze removal and provides superior performance compared with the state‐of‐the‐art methods on both synthetic and real‐world datasets.
Long-term dynamics of the inner planets in the Solar System
Authors: Mogavero Federico , Laskar Jacques
Published: September 2021

Although the discovery of the chaotic motion of the inner planets in the Solar System (Mercury to Mars) was made more than 30 years ago, the secular chaos of their orbits still demands more analytical analyses. In addition to the high-dimensional structure of the motion, this is probably related to the lack of an adequately simple dynamical model. We consider a new secular dynamics for the inner planets, with the aim of retaining a fundamental set of interactions that explains their chaotic behaviour and at the same time is consistent with the predictions of the most precise orbital solutions currently available. We exploit the regularity in the secular motion of the outer planets (Jupiter to Neptune) to predetermine a quasi-periodic solution for their orbits. This reduces the secular phase space to the degrees of freedom dominated by the inner planets. In addition, the low masses of the inner planets and the absence of strong mean-motion resonances permits us to restrict ourselves to first-order secular averaging. The resulting dynamics can be integrated numerically in a very efficient way through Gauss’s method, while computer algebra allows an analytical inspection of planet interactions when the Hamiltonian is truncated at a given total degree in eccentricities and inclinations. The new model matches reference orbital solutions of the Solar System over timescales shorter than or comparable to the Lyapunov time very satisfactorily. It correctly reproduces the maximum Lyapunov exponent of the inner system and the statistics of the high eccentricities of Mercury over the next five billion years. The destabilizing role of the g1 − g5 secular resonance also arises. A numerical experiment, consisting of a thousand orbital solutions over one hundred billion years, reveals the essential properties of the stochastic process driving the destabilization of the inner Solar System and clarifies its current metastable state.
Upstream mobility finite volumes for the Richards equation in heterogenous domains
Authors: Bassetto Sabrina , Cancès Clément , Enchéry Guillaume , Tran Quang-Huy
Published: September 2021

This paper is concerned with the Richards equation in a heterogeneous domain, each subdomain of which is homogeneous and represents a rocktype. Our first contribution is to rigorously prove convergence toward a weak solution of cell-centered finite-volume schemes with upstream mobility and without Kirchhoff’s transform. Our second contribution is to numerically demonstrate the relevance of locally refining the grid at the interface between subregions, where discontinuities occur, in order to preserve an acceptable accuracy for the results computed with the schemes under consideration.
A central-upwind scheme for two-layer shallow-water flows with friction and entrainment along channels
Authors: Hernandez-Duenas Gerardo , Balbás Jorge
Published: September 2021

We present a new high-resolution, non-oscillatory semi-discrete central-upwind scheme for one-dimensional two-layer shallow-water flows with friction and entrainment along channels with arbitrary cross sections and bottom topography. These flows are described by a conditionally hyperbolic balance law with non-conservative products. A detailed description of the properties of the model is provided, including entropy inequalities and asymptotic approximations of the eigenvalues of the corresponding coefficient matrix. The scheme extends existing central-upwind semi-discrete numerical methods for hyperbolic conservation and balance laws and it satisfies two properties crucial for the accurate simulation of shallow-water flows: it preserves the positivity of the water depth for each layer, and it is well balanced, i.e., the source terms arising from the geometry of the channel are discretized so as to balance the non-linear hyperbolic flux gradients. Along with the description of the scheme and proofs of these two properties, we present several numerical experiments that demonstrate the robustness of the numerical algorithm.
On well-posedness associated with a class of controlled variational inequalities
Authors: Treanţă Savin , Jha Shalini
Published: September 2021

In this paper, by using the new concepts of monotonicity, pseudomonotonicity and hemicontinuity associated with the considered curvilinear integral functional, we investigate the well-posedness and well-posedness in generalized sense for a class of controlled variational inequality problems. More precisely, by introducing the approximating solution set of the considered class of controlled variational inequality problems, we formulate and prove some characterization results on well-posedness and well-posedness in generalized sense. Also, the theoretical developments presented in the paper are accompanied by illustrative examples.
Entspannt und produktiv – Lernzeit optimal gestalten
Authors: Stropp Imke
Published: September 2021

Das Lernen endet für Kinder und Jugendliche nicht nach Schulschluss. Neben dem Erledigen von Hausaufgaben stehen auch regelmäßig Lernzeiten an. Diese optimal zu gestalten kann ein Betätigungsanliegen in der Ergotherapie sein.
Einfach, aber erkenntnisreich: Fall-Kontroll-Studien
Authors: Mehrholz Jan , Kerlen-Petri Katharina
Published: September 2021

Mit Fall-Kontroll-Studien kann man die Risikofaktoren von Krankheiten ermitteln. Alternativ – und wichtig für Therapieberufe – lassen sich auch gesundheitsfördernde, salutogene Einflüsse abbilden. Ein erster Schritt also, um die Entwicklung von Krankheiten besser zu verstehen.
S1-Leitlinie Post-COVID/Long-COVID
Authors: Koczulla Andreas Rembert , Ankermann Tobias , Behrends Uta , Berlit Peter , Böing Sebastian , Brinkmann Folke , Franke Christian , Glöckl Rainer , Gogoll Christian , Hummel Thomas , Kronsbein Juliane , Maibaum Thomas , Peters Eva M. J. , Pfeifer Michael , Platz Thomas , Pletz Matthias , Pongratz Georg , Powitz Frank , Rabe Klaus F. , Scheibenbogen Carmen , Stallmach Andreas , Stegbauer Michael , Wagner Hans Otto , Waller Christiane , Wirtz Hubert , Zeiher Andreas , Zwick Ralf Harun
Published: September 2021

Die Deutsche Gesellschaft für Pneumologie hat die AWMFS1-Leitlinie Post-COVID/Long-COVID initiiert. In einem breiten interdisziplinären Ansatz wurde diese S1-Leitlinie basierend auf dem aktuellen Wissensstand gestaltet.

Die klinische Empfehlung beschreibt die aktuellen Post-COVID/Long-COVID-Symptome, diagnostische Ansätze und Therapien.

Neben der allgemeinen und konsentierten Einführung wurde ein fachspezifischer Zugang gewählt, der den aktuellen Wissensstand zusammenfasst.

Die Leitlinie hat einen expilzit praktischen Anspruch und wird basierend auf dem aktuellen Wissenszugewinn vom Autorenteam stetig weiterentwickelt und adaptiert.
The Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Cancer Care in a Tertiary Care Facility
Authors: K. Pradeep Kumar Reddy , Elagandula Jyosthna , Patel Shivani , Patidar Rajesh , Asati Vikas , Shrivastav Shiv Prasad , Elhence Aditya , Sharma Runu , Ankit B. S. , Chitalkar Prakash G.
Published: September 2021

Background Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic had an overwhelming impact on health care worldwide. Cancer patients represent a subgroup that is vulnerable and is under high risk. It is, therefore, necessary to analyze factors that predict outcomes in these patients so that they can be triaged accordingly to mitigate the effects of COVID-19 on cancer management. To date, the impact of COVID-19 on cancer patients remain largely unknown.

Methods Data of 291 cancer patients undergoing active treatment from March 23 to August 15, 2020 were retrospectively reviewed; the incidence, demographic and clinical characteristics, treatment, and outcomes of cancer patients infected by COVID-19 were included in the analysis.

Discussion During the index period (March 23–August 15, 2020), 4,494 confirmed cases of COVID-19 were admitted at our institute. In the department of medical oncology out of 578 patients presented to outpatient department, 291 patients were admitted for active treatment. Considering the cancer patients, infection rate was 7.9% (23/291) and mortality 13% (3/23). Median age was 40 years and the majority of patients were male (60%). The most common cancer type was acute lymphoblastic leukemia presented at various stages of treatment. Twenty patients (86.9%) were discharged after full clinical recovery and negative real-time polymerase chain reaction on a nasopharyngeal swab. Anticancer treatment was modified according to the type of cancer under intensive surveillance.

Conclusion Although mortality rate in COVID-19 cancer patients is elevated, our results support the feasibility and safety of continuing anticancer treatment during pandemic by endorsing consistent preventive measures, but however should be modified based on the type and prognosis of cancer.
Prehabilitation and Nutrition in Hernia Surgery
Authors: Cadena-Semanate Ramiro , Jara Ramon Diaz , Guerron Alfredo D. , Yoo Jin
Published: September 2021

Ventral hernia repair (VHR) is among the most frequently performed surgical procedures in the United States. Despite advancements in surgical technique, a significant number of VHR patients experience postoperative complications and hernia recurrence. A key strategy to reduce VHR morbidity is patient optimization before surgery with prehabilitation protocols. Prehabilitation aims to improve patients' functional status with physical conditioning, nutritional intervention, and psychological support. In other surgical disciplines, prompt preoperative action has proven to significantly reduce the negative influence of modifiable comorbidities and accelerate recovery. In this article, we review the literature to assess the applicability and benefits of prehabilitation in elective VHR cases. A review of the available evidence identified obesity, hyperglycemia, and smoking as significant modifiable risk factors that negatively affect VHR outcomes. Prehabilitation has the potential to mitigate and control these comorbidities. Physical conditioning with aerobic, resistance, and inspiratory muscle training is beneficial. Nutritional intervention to control diabetes and in severely malnourished patients is especially important in patients undergoing concomitant gastrointestinal procedures with VHR. Reasonable targets for prehabilitation protocols in elective VHR include a body mass index of 35 kg/m2, HbA1C of 6.5% and tobacco abstinence for at least 4 weeks. Prophylactic measures to minimize the rates of incisional hernia after primary laparotomy repairs include mesh reinforcement and a suture to wound length ratio of at least 4:1.
Evaluation of Serum Levels of Procalcitonin and C-Reactive Protein as Prognostic Indicators in Burns
Authors: Sinha Aparna , Sharma Mukesh Kumar , Tripathi Komal , Duggal Nandini , Tiwari Vinay Kumar
Published: September 2021

Background Burn is a leading cause of fatality in a developing country. C-reactive protein levels (CRP) and procalcitonin (PCT) can be prognostic indicators for the burn patients' mortality.

Aim To assess serial levels of serum PCT and serum CRP as prognostic indicators in burns.

Patient and Methods In patients admitted with burns, alternate-day serum PCT and CRP were measured from the time of admission until the time of discharge or until survival. The change in trends of CRP and PCT serum levels were studied, and it was then correlated with mortality among these burn patients.

Results The first-day value of serum PCT > 1772 pg/mL and serum CRP > 71 mg/mL or any value of serum PCT > 2163 pg/mL and of serum CRP > 90 mg/L indicate a poor prognosis in burns.

Conclusions The day-1 values of PCT and CRP were significantly higher in nonsurvivors than survivors in burns. The increasing trends of serum PCT and CRP levels are independent predictors of mortality in burns requiring prompt intervention. Rising PCT and CRP level denote poor prognosis in burns with an increased likelihood of death by 4.5 and 23.6 times, respectively.
Numerical computing with Levenberg–Marquardt backpropagation networks for nonlinear SEIR Ebola virus epidemic model
Authors: Cheema Tahir Nawaz , Naz Shafaq
Published: September 2021

In this study, a new computing technique is introduced to solve the susceptible-exposed-infected-and-recovery (SEIR) Ebola virus model represented with the system of ordinary differential equations through Levenberg–Marquardt backpropagation neural networks. The dynamics of the SEIR model are examined by the variation in different parameters, such as the increase in the susceptible rate while keeping other parameters fixed, such as the natural death rate of susceptibility, susceptible exposed rate, infected exposed rate, and infected to recovered rate; the four types of infected rates, namely, the natural mortality rate, rate of exposed death due to the disease, natural infected mortality rate, and rate of infected death due to the disease; and the rate of natural mortality of the recovered. The datasets for the SEIR nonlinear system for measuring the effects of Ebola virus disease spread dynamics are generated through the Runge–Kutta method for each scenario. The efficiency of the proposed computing technique—LMBNNs—is analyzed through absolute deviation, mean square error, learning curves, histogram analysis, and regression metrics, which provides a way for validation, testing, and training through the scheme.
Honeycomb-type retinal device using chemically derived iridium oxide biointerfaces
Authors: Tso Kuang-Chih , Fukunari Yuki , Hagita Mizuki , Haruta Makito , Takehara Hironari , Tashiro Hiroyuki , Sasagawa Kiyotaka , Wu Pu-Wei , Ohta Jun
Published: September 2021

Long-term operational stability and high-efficiency neuron stimulation are key to the development of retinal prostheses. In this research, a retinal device with a chemically inert and flexible substrate is introduced, which satisfies these requirements. We have developed a honeycomb-type retinal device that has a high-performance electrode for suprachoroidal transretinal stimulation. The device structure, in which conjunctional bioceramic substrates are embedded with large numbers of stimulating electrodes, provides high-resolution electrical stimulation. The custom CMOS microchip precisely controls the stimulation delivery of the electrodes to initiate artificial vision, offering a partial remedy for retinal ophthalmic diseases. The CMOS chip design was optimized to drastically reduce the number of input wirings. A high-performance stimulating electrode based on iridium oxide was fabricated using a unique solution process called chemical bath deposition (CBD). The honeycomb-type retinal device, equipped with CBD-derived iridium oxide electrodes, was used to evaluate the electrodes’ and device’s performances in vitro.
Improved epilayer qualities and electrical characteristics for GaInN multiple-quantum-well photovoltaic cells and their operation under artificial sunlight and monochromatic light illuminations
Authors: Miyoshi Makoto , Nakabayashi Taiki , Yamamoto Kosuke , Dalapati Pradip , Egawa Takashi
Published: September 2021

GaInN-based photovoltaic (PV) devices are highly promising for application to optical wireless power transmission (OWPT) systems as well as solar cells. This paper reports the research results of Ga0.9In0.1N multiple-quantum-well (MQW) PV cells on sapphire, focusing primarily on the growth temperature managements in metalorganic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) processes. As a result of the MOCVD study, the epilayer qualities in the PV cell structures improved significantly through the adoption of an optimized growth temperature for the GaInN MQWs and the two-step growth for the top p-GaN layers. Furthermore, the improved epilayer qualities resulted in the decrease in carrier recombination currents and series resistance for the forward diode characteristics without a light illumination. Subsequently, a sample with the improved qualities exhibited a higher open-circuit voltage and a higher fill factor in the PV characteristics. Eventually, the highest power conversion efficiency (PCE) in this study was measured to be 1.6% at a 1-sun solar spectrum and 42.7% at a monochromatic light illumination with 389 nm in wavelength and 5 mW cm−2 in optical power density. The dependency of the PV performance on the optical power densities at a monochromatic light illumination predicted that a higher PCE value may be achievable at a higher optical-power-density illumination. This is a very promising prediction when considering the practical application to OWPT systems.
Predicting color and short-circuit current of colored BIPV modules
Authors: Gewohn T. , Schinke C. , Lim B. , Brendel R.
Published: September 2021

Photovoltaic modules for façade integration should have a widely modifiable appearance to adjust to the architect’s requirements. However, architects today usually have only a limited number of already manufactured samples to choose from. Changing the color will also change the photovoltaic yield. Therefore, it would be helpful to have a procedure that allows us to determine the appearance and expected yield in advance of module fabrication. We present such a method for creating a digital prototype of a colored building integrated photovoltaic module. Using reflectance and external quantum efficiency measurements of eight colored modules, we simulate the appearance and respective energy yield for arbitrary module colors. We validate our predictions for 29 different colored modules. We use textiles that have been colored by printing and laminate them onto the modules to change the appearance of the modules. However, our digital prototyping model is also applicable to other coloring techniques. We achieve an average color difference of ΔE00 = 1.34 between predicted and measured colors, which is barely perceptible to the human eye. The predicted short-circuit current density of the digital prototype deviates on average less than 1% from the measured one.
Proximity sensors provide an accurate alternative for measuring maternal pedigree of lambs in Australian sheep flocks under commercial conditions
Authors: Paganoni Beth , van Burgel Andrew , Macleay Claire , Scanlan Vicki , Thompson Andrew
Published: September 2021

Context Proximity sensors were used recently to determine the maternal pedigree of lambs on a small plot with high accuracy. If this accuracy is maintained under commercial grazing conditions, this method could be a useful alternative to improving genetic gain in sheep, including reproduction traits. Aims To investigate using proximity sensors to determine the maternal pedigree of lambs and to define the level of interactions required to determine maternal pedigree confidently irrespective of differences in ewe age, lamb age, birth type, paddock size, flock size or stocking rate under commercial grazing conditions. Methods We compared maternal pedigree determined using the proximity sensors to DNA profiling (n = 10 flocks) and lambing rounds (n = 16 flocks). Ewes (n = 7315) and lambs (n = 8058) were fitted with proximity sensors under normal grazing conditions for each property for 1–3 days. Flocks varied in ewe age (adults, hoggets and ewe lambs), lamb age (up to 100 days old, except for 1 flock), birth type (singles, multiples), paddock size (0.25–320 ha), flock size (37–420 lambs) and stocking rate (2–100 dry sheep equivalents/ha, except for 1 flock). Key results An interaction ratio of >2 was required for a confident ewe–lamb match (ewe with the most interactions compared with the ewe with the second-most interactions for each lamb). Using this criterion, the average success of proximity sensors at matching a lamb to a ewe was 95% and the sensors were 97% accurate when compared with the pedigree results from lambing rounds or DNA. For lambs matched successfully, over 90% of this success was achieved in the first 7 h and over 99% in the first 20 h. While the success rate of matching a lamb to a ewe was not influenced significantly by ewe age, birth type, paddock size, flock size or stocking rate, the time to achieve sensor success was significantly quicker for singles than for twins and sensor accuracy was significantly higher for smaller paddocks with higher stocking rates. Conclusions Our results showed that proximity sensors can establish maternal pedigree effectively and accurately across a range of conditions experienced on commercial properties. Implications Private industry can now develop more cost-effective sensor technologies with greater confidence that will enhance recording of maternal pedigree and, hence, the rate of genetic gain across the sheep industry.
Population demographics of golden perch (
Authors: Zampatti Brenton P. , Fanson Benjamin G. , Baumgartner Lee J. , Butler Gavin L. , Brooks Steven G. , Crook David A. , Doyle Katherine , King Alison J. , Koster Wayne M. , Maas Roland , Sadekov Aleksey , Scott Peter , Strawbridge Arron , Thiem Jason D. , Tonkin Zeb , Wilson Phillipa J. , Woodhead Jon , Woods Ryan
Published: September 2021

An understanding of population demographics and life history processes is integral to the rehabilitation of fish populations. In Australia’s highly modified Murray–Darling Basin, native fish are imperilled and fish deaths in the Darling River in 2018–19 highlighted their vulnerability. Golden perch (Macquaria ambigua) is a long-lived percichthyid that was conspicuous in the fish kills. To guide population rehabilitation in the Darling River, pre-fish kill age structure, provenance and movement of golden perch were explored using otolith microstructure and chemistry (87Sr/86Sr). Across the Lower and Mid-Darling River, recruitment was episodic, with dominant cohorts associated with years characterised by elevated discharge. There was substantial variability in age structure, recruitment source and movement patterns between the Lower and Mid-Darling River. In the Mid-Darling River, tributaries were an important recruitment source, whereas in the Lower Darling fish predominantly originated in the Darling River itself. Downstream movement of juveniles, upstream migration of adults and return movements to natal locations were important drivers of population structure. Restoring resilient golden perch populations in the Darling River will be reliant on mitigating barriers to movement, promoting a connected mosaic of recruitment sources and reinstating the hydrological and hydraulic factors associated with spawning, recruitment and dispersal. Globally, increasing water resource development and climate change will necessitate such integrated approaches to the management of long-lived migratory riverine fishes.
Quantifying the effects of Sn on θ′-Al2Cu precipitation kinetics in Al–Cu alloys
Authors: Zhang Mingshan , Wang Junsheng , Wang Bing , Xue Chengpeng , Qian Feng , Liu Xiaoguang , Guan Shaokang
Published: September 2021

In this study, the effects of 0.14 wt-% Sn on accelerating the precipitation kinetics during heat treatment are quantified. By calculating the activation energy of θ′ phase, it was found that the combined additions of Cu and Sn can reduce the energy barrier and increase the number density of the θ′ phase in the peak aged state, and thus improving yield strength and ultimate tensile strength from 239 and 318 to 445 and 457 MPa, respectively. Based on the quantitative analysis of the θ′ phase, it was found that with the combined additions of Cu and Sn, the average length of the θ′ phase increased from 18.11 to 25.82 nm, and the number density increased from 2.17 × 1021 to 4.62 × 1021 m−3.
Progress of superconducting nanofibers via electrospinning
Authors: Xie Guixu , Cheng Guoting , Zhu Dongyang , Yan Jiashu , Ma Junqing , Lv Tianyang , Zhang Jun , Han Wenpeng , Long Yun-Ze
Published: September 2021

Superconducting nanofibers have attracted much attention in basic researches and practical applications due to their unique physical properties such as broad phase transition temperature, excellent heat conductivity, and high critical current density, etc. Electrospinning, as a common method to prepare nanofibers, also has many applications for the preparation of superconducting nanofibers. However, a few of the new methods to fabricate superconducting nanofibers via electrospinning still need further investigations. This review firstly introduces several potential electrospinning methods to obtain superconducting nanofibers, then proceeds to summarize the recent progress in the field of electrospun superconducting materials. The preparation process, difficulties and problems, physical properties of the superconducting nanofibers or nanonetworks (such as superconducting transition temperature, critical current density, critical magnetic field strength, fiber morphology, and structure, etc), theoretical analysis of the properties, and the techniques to improve the performance are also reviewed. In addition, some suggestions and prospects for the development and applications of electrospun superconducting materials in the future are discussed.
Normal-state negative longitudinal magnetoresistance and Dirac-cone-like dispersion in PtPb4 single crystals: a potential Weyl-semimetal superconductor candidate
Authors: Wang Li-Min , Lin Sheng-En , Shen Dong , Chen I-Nan
Published: September 2021

Magnetotransport measurements of PtPb4 single crystals with the T
c of ∼2.80 K reveal pronounced exotic topological nature. An anomalous negative longitudinal magnetoresistance (MR) related to the chiral anomaly and a linear-like transverse MR examined within the framework of quantum MR theory were studied. Results indicate the presence of chiral-anomaly-induced quantum transport associated with the Weyl states and show a Dirac-cone-like band dispersion in PtPb4. This work reveals the drastic impact of the concept that the surface electrons in a Weyl fermion state may dominate the normal-state magnetotransport in PtPb4, leading to the conclusion that PtPb4 can be a Weyl-semimetal superconductor candidate.
Topological Properties of Malaysian Shariah-Compliant Securities
Authors: Bahaludin H , Mahamood F N A , Abdullah M H
Published: September 2021

This research analyses the topological structure of shariah-compliant securities listed in the Bursa Malaysia market from a network perspective. The network is established from the relationships between the top hundred shariah-compliant securities based on market capitalization from 2015 to 2019. The minimum spanning tree (MST) technique applies to produce and portrays a simpler network. Besides, topological properties are explored and examined further to extract the structure embedded and entrenched in the network. As a result, this paper reveals that shariah-compliant securities with different sectors which were interconnected in the Malaysian market., In general, the securities with the same sectors tend to cluster together in the network. The topological properties provide insight to the market participants, especially investors, for the investment strategies.
Eco-lexicon Forms in Children Book of North Sumatran Folktales
Authors: Yusuf M , Widayati D , Mbete A M , Aswani A
Published: September 2021

This present study attempts to depict the eco-lexicon form discovered in children’s North Sumatran folktales (CBNSF) book about primary food. The qualitative content analysis method was utilized as the research design. The data source was three folktales from a children’s book entitled “Asal Usul: Bunga Rampai Cerita Rakyat Sumatera Utara” under the primary theme food. The data were in the form of roots, derivative words, and phrases taken by using documentation technique. The results show that eco-lexicon forms related to primary food folktales are words (noun, verbs, and adjectives) in the form of phrase (noun phrase, and adjective phrase. Affixation in the data was found in prefix, suffix, and simulfix, which form noun and verb. Furthermore, the reference deals with biotic (plantae and animaliae) and abiotic reference. Therefore, it can be concluded that eco-lexicon in CBNSF was various.
A quantum pseudo-random number generation scheme
Authors: Jiang Yinghua , Liu Biao , Guo Chenfei , Zhao Jiangbo
Published: September 2021

Quantum random key distribution based on physical properties of quantum mechanics has high security and true randomness, but it has the disadvantages of low key generation efficiency and high cost. The classic pseudo-random number generator has the advantages of simple algorithm and high key generation efficiency, but it has extremely strict requirements on the security and randomness of the "seed". Based on the analysis of two unrelated technologies, this paper proposes a pseudo-random number generation scheme based on quantum key distribution. This scheme makes full use of quantum key distribution to share a short quantum random number-seed between the two communicating parties, then inputs the seed into a pseudo-random number generator. Finally, the two communicating parties share a long random number to encrypt the communication content. Research shows that compared with classic quantum key distribution and classic pseudo-random number generator, this scheme has stronger security, better randomness, and higher key generation efficiency.
Data analysis and optimized implementation of call center prediction outside call algorithms
Authors: Ma Li , Shen Junyi
Published: September 2021

With the increasing outgoing business volume of call center system, reducing waiting time and improving outgoing call efficiency have become the research focus of outgoing call center. The average idle time distribution of existing outgoing call algorithms in call centers is unstable and the call loss is high. According to the distribution of call length, the mathematical expectation of the number of call end is obtained; the probability of different call end is calculated, and the outgoing call speed is adjusted in time. The predictive out call algorithm is analyzed and optimized. After optimization, the distribution of average idle time is more stable, and the call loss rate is effectively reduced, which is basically controlled within 2%. The proposed algorithm only depends on the average ringing time, which increases the reliability of the algorithm adjustment. The proposed algorithm adjusts the outgoing call speed in time, and the average idle time is more stable. It effectively reduces the outgoing call loss and improves the outgoing call efficiency.
Research on the improved algorithm of radar signal sorting based on maximum SNR
Authors: Zhang Xinglong , Zheng Zhe , Feng Jianqing , Wei Xiangquan
Published: September 2021

This paper proposes an improved radar signal sorting algorithm based on the maximum signal-to-noise ratio criterion, aiming at the high computational complexity or poor separation effect of traditional signal sorting algorithms. The algorithm uses the maximum signal-to-noise ratio when the independent signals are completely separated to establish an objective function. The source signal is replaced by the mixed signal processed by the adaptive length moving average. The extreme value problem of the objective function is transformed into a generalized eigenvalue problem. Compared with the traditional method, the improved algorithm not only retains the separation effect of the traditional information theory sorting algorithm, but also has lower computational complexity. Experimental simulation proves that the algorithm can separate linearly aliased radar signals more effectively.
Data transmission system of networked digital voice room based on Internet of Things technology
Authors: Du Jian
Published: September 2021

In order to solve the problem of poor transmission performance caused by data congestion in network digital language lab, its data transmission system is designed based on the technology of internet of things. In the hardware part, the main control circuit and transmission interface circuit are designed to reduce the signal reflection caused by the change of line width and angle. In the software part, the data transmission compression algorithm is designed to reduce the communication overhead. The internet of things technology is used to set data transmission nodes, and the weighted fairness data transmission protocol is set to control the energy efficiency of transmission. The random key pre-distribution scheme based on the hash key chain is used to construct the data security transmission model. The experimental results show that, compared with the data transmission system based on data mining and cloud computing, the designed system achieves the lowest word error rate and sentence error rate, and has better data transmission performance.
Architecture design of big data analysis platform for smart grid in rural areas
Authors: Song Jinghui , Su Leitao
Published: September 2021

The power grid is facing more and more challenges with the development of new energy. Thus, uncoordinated network load and local heavy overload problems always affect the development of rural power grid, especially the impact of voltage quality and power supply reliability on the rural power grid. According to the characteristics of rural power grid, firstly, the work establishes the overall architecture of smart grid big data analysis platform and then analyzes the software functions and hardware configuration of the platform, finally, discusses the deployment mode of rural big data platform and power grid big data analysis platform. Furthermore, it introduces the technical principle and data transmission principle of smart grid big data analysis platform. Finally, the paper emphasizes that we should build a rural intelligent big data analysis platform according to building a green and transparent smart platform area and building an integrated and open intelligent cockpit.
The Schwinger action principle for classical systems*
Authors: Bermúdez Manjarres A D
Published: September 2021

We use the Schwinger action principle to obtain the equations of motion in the Koopman–von Neumann operational version of classical mechanics. We restrict our analysis to non-dissipative systems. We show that for velocity-independent forces the Schwinger action principle can be interpreted as a variational principle.
Screening of copper resistant microorganisms in mines and mathematical modeling of bioaccumulation and extracellular nanoparticle biosynthesis by Bacillus cereus
Authors: Elahian Fatemeh , Safaei Mohsen , Khanduzi Fahimeh , Valinejad Hossein , Bagheri Mitra , Afshari Vahid , Mohseni Mehran , Mirzaei Seyed Abbas
Published: September 2021

Some microorganisms were isolated from copper mines and recognized as copper resistant. Genotyping was conducted using 16srDNA sequencing. The bioaccumulation and extracellular nanoparticle biosynthesis were conducted for Bacillus cereus under the varying copper concentration range using mathematical modeling. AFM, TEM, and particle size analyzer were used for the characterization and the nanoparticle analyses. Cell toxicity was assayed against human cells. Maximum biosorption capacities were 1200 or 2500 μg g−1 when 0.5 or 1 mg ml−1 CuSO4 was provided for the bacillus cells, respectively. In contrast, extracellular bioreduction kinetics revealed a threefold change from ≈250 to 700 μg ml−1 in the same treatment conditions. No time shift was recorded for reaching the maximum extra/intra nano-copper synthesis in both copper concentration models. Bacillus cereus synthesized nano-coppers within a range of 80–150 nm. Metal nanoparticles were at least twofold less toxic than their copper sulfate on the human cells and T47D was the most resistant cell against nano-coppers. The toxicity effects were dose-dependent, time-dependent, and also organism- and heavy metal type-dependent. The results revealed that the copper-resistant Bacillus cereus is a robust and high-throughput microorganism for intracellular and extracellular nano-copper biosynthesis.
Application of non-contact strain measurement based on CCD camera in PMMA material constitutive model
Authors: Qian Xiaohui , Ma Xiaoyan , Heng Yuekun , He Wei , Tang Hongqiang , Hou Shaojing , Pei Yatian
Published: September 2021

The Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observation (JUNO) will build a polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) spherical vessel of a diameter of 35.4 meters. The constitutive model of PMMA is a key parameter for the design of PMMA structure. The bulk polymerization bonding area is often the weak point of the PMMA structure, so it is useful to understand the constitutive model of bonding areas for FEA. However, the traditional contact strain measurement methods, such as the strain extensometer and resistance strain gauge, will have an impact on the strain of PMMA, as the lossy measurement. Traditional measuring methods also can’t measure the small-sized bonding areas as 3 mm in most structures. The non-contact strain measurement method based on the CCD camera is studied. The tensile test result shows that the influence of environment on the strain value is less than 0.01%. The two strain measurement methods, the CCD camera and strain extensometer, are compared. The strain curves obtained by the two methods are highly consistent, and the maximum strain difference is 8.53 e-4. The fracture strain of the PMMA tensile specimen is 4.32% and slight plastic deformation has occurred. The Zhu-Wang-Tang (ZWT) nonlinear viscoelastic constitutive model of PMMA is obtained by fitting the stress-strain data. The tensile test result of PMMA specimen with bulk polymerization bonding area shows that the constitutive equations are different when the length ratio of the bonding area is different. By analyzing the relationship between the length ratio and the coefficients of constitutive equation, the constitutive equation of the bonding area is finally obtained. The results show that the coefficient

E

0

of the constitutive equation of the bonding area is smaller than that of the mother material. The fracture strain of PMMA specimen with bonding area is 2.60%, lower than that of mother material, which makes the coefficient

β

of the bonding area constitutive equation opposite to the sign of the mother material. The tensile strength of specimen with bonding area is about 85.68% of that of the mother material. The lower tensile strength makes the bonding area become one of the weak points of the structure.
Comparative analysis of the MyTH4-FERM myosins reveals insights into the determinants of actin track selection in polarized epithelia
Authors: Matoo Samaneh , Graves Maura J. , Acharya Prashun , Choi Myoung Soo , Storad Zachary A. , Idris Rawnag A. El Sheikh , Pickles Brooke K. , Arvay Taylen O. , Shinder Paula E. , Gerts Andrew , Papish Jacob P. , Crawley Scott W.
Published: September 2021

MyTH4-FERM myosins play a role in the creation and function of a variety of actin-based membrane protrusions that extend from cells. We explore the sequence determinants that allow different members of this group of myosins to select for their preferred actin network in polarized epithelial cells.
Nucleoporins’ exclusive amino acid sequence features regulate their transient interaction with and selectivity of cargo complexes in the nuclear pore
Authors: Peyro Mohaddeseh , Dickson Andrew M. , Mofrad Mohammad R. K.
Published: September 2021

This study integrates coarse-grained molecular dynamics with time-resolved force distribution analysis and bioinformatics inquiry to explore the behavior of disordered proteins FG nucleoporins and their transient interaction with the cargo complex in the nuclear pore.
Improved estimation of model quality using predicted inter-residue distance
Authors: Ye Lisha , Wu Peikun , Peng Zhenling , Gao Jianzhao , Liu Jian , Yang Jianyi
Published: September 2021

Motivation

Protein model quality assessment (QA) is an essential component in protein structure prediction, which aims to estimate the quality of a structure model and/or select the most accurate model out from a pool of structure models, without knowing the native structure. QA remains a challenging task in protein structure prediction.

Results

Based on the inter-residue distance predicted by the recent deep learning-based structure prediction algorithm trRosetta, we developed QDistance, a new approach to the estimation of both global and local qualities. QDistance works for both single- and multi-models inputs. We designed several distance-based features to assess the agreement between the predicted and model-derived inter-residue distances. Together with a few widely used features, they are fed into a simple yet powerful linear regression model to infer the global QA scores. The local QA scores for each structure model are predicted based on a comparative analysis with a set of selected reference models. For multi-models input, the reference models are selected from the input based on the predicted global QA scores. For single-model input, the reference models are predicted by trRosetta. With the informative distance-based features, QDistance can predict the global quality with satisfactory accuracy. Benchmark tests on the CASP13 and the CAMEO structure models suggested that QDistance was competitive with other methods. Blind tests in the CASP14 experiments showed that QDistance was robust and ranked among the top predictors. Especially, QDistance was the top 3 local QA method and made the most accurate local QA prediction for unreliable local region. Analysis showed that this superior performance can be attributed to the inclusion of the predicted inter-residue distance.

Availability and implementation

http://yanglab.nankai.edu.cn/QDistance.

Supplementary information

Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.