bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Quality Risk Management in the Final Operational Stage of Sterile Pharmaceutical Manufacturing: A Case Study Highlighting the Management of Sustainable Related Risks in Product Sterilization, Inspection, Labeling, Packaging, and Storage Processes
Authors: Elmadhoun Bassam , Alsaidalani Rawidh , Burczynski Frank
Published: February 2025

Quality risk management, commonly known as QRM, is designed to systematically assess, control, communicate, and review potential risks at every stage of the pharmaceutical manufacturing process. The preservation of consistent product quality across the entirety of the product’s life cycle is of paramount importance. The aim of this article is to formulate a best practice guide that will assist pharmaceutical manufacturers in comprehending and implementing the International Council for Harmonisation of Technical Requirements for Pharmaceuticals for Human Use (ICH) Q9: quality risk management principles. A widely recognized methodology for defining and monitoring risk mitigation strategies within the pharmaceutical sector is the Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA). ICH Q9 does not, however, offer detailed instructions for applying FMEA to real-world pharmaceutical situations. We previously provided real-world case studies that identify and mitigate risks in the early stages of the manufacturing process of sterile products, such as (1) supply chain and procurement; (2) logistics and warehousing; (3) raw material dispensing; (4) glass bottle washing and handling; (5) product filling; and (6) final product receiving and handling. The final steps of the sterile manufacturing process are the subject of the case study we present in this paper. We identify and control the risks related to (I) product sterilization; (II) product inspection, labeling, and packaging; (III) the finished product’s transfer to storage; and (IV) storing finished products in a warehouse. In order to maximize decision-making and reduce the risk of regulatory noncompliance, this case study describes a proactive strategy for the identification, management, and communication of risks associated with crucial tasks. While each organization’s products and methods are distinct, with varying tolerances for risk, certain stages and associated risks are common. Consequently, the examples provided here offer relevant insights into any pharmaceutical production environment. Managing sustainability-related risks and ensuring the transparency of pharmaceutical company operations are key tasks of success today. These risks, if not managed, will cause serious problems and a negative reputation, as well as environmental and public impact.
Cross-Border Planning for Promoting Economic Development: A Case Study of Gold Coast Airport, Australia
Authors: Khanjanasthiti Isara , O’Hare Daniel , Bajracharya Bhishna
Published: February 2025

Airports can be pivotal drivers of regional economic development. However, Gold Coast Airport’s cross-border location, spanning two local government areas (City of Gold Coast and Tweed Shire) and two Australian states (Queensland and New South Wales), has created several governance challenges affecting regional economic sustainability. This article explores three questions: (1) What are the barriers and opportunities to promote economic development and cross-border planning around Gold Coast Airport? (2) How do cross-border governance arrangements and planning frameworks impact the airport’s economic contributions? (3) What lessons can be drawn from this case study? To address these questions, the study uses a mixed-method approach comprising key informant interviews and policy analysis. The study finds that the airport’s economic impact is largely confined to the northern (Queensland) side of the border due to insufficient cross-border cooperation and fragmented planning frameworks. The article proposes transforming the border into a catalyst for economic development through three instruments: reimagining the border as a driver of growth, establishing a cross-border ‘airport city region’ with integrated governance, and creating a Cross-Border Committee under Federal oversight to foster collaboration. These insights are also relevant to other agencies managing major infrastructure projects with cross-border implications.
An AI-Based Decision Support System Utilizing Bayesian Networks for Judicial Decision-Making
Authors: Morić Zlatan , Dakić Vedran , Urošev Siniša
Published: February 2025

Judicial decision-making in continental law systems requires carefully evaluating complex, interdependent evidence while ensuring consistency and fairness. This study investigates the application of Bayesian networks in structuring legal evidence within an AI-based decision support system. The primary research objective is to assess the enhancement of transparency, minimization of cognitive overload, and reduced bias in judicial processes through probabilistic reasoning. The proposed system dynamically updates outcome probabilities as new evidence is introduced, enabling real-time monitoring of case likelihoods. AI-generated recommendations are aligned with judicial precedents by integrating Conditional Probability Tables (CPTs) and historical case data in this adaptive approach. The interpretability and effectiveness of Bayesian inference in legal decision support are analyzed methodologically, emphasizing its capacity to refine probability distributions in response to evolving courtroom inputs. The findings address a key research gap by demonstrating how structured AI-driven heuristics can supplement judicial reasoning while maintaining decision accountability and transparency. The system is suggested to enhance consistency and fairness in legal judgments while preserving judicial autonomy. This study contributes to the growing intersection of AI and legal decision-making, with an emphasis placed on the role of machine learning in supporting judicial heuristics while maintaining procedural integrity.
Super-Eddington Accretion in Quasars
Authors: Marziani Paola , Garnica Luna Karla , Floris Alberto , del Olmo Ascensión , Deconto-Machado Alice , Buendia-Rios Tania M. , Negrete C. Alenka , Dultzin Deborah
Published: February 2025

This review provides an observational perspective on the fundamental properties of super-Eddington accretion onto supermassive black holes in quasars. It begins by outlining the selection criteria, particularly focusing on optical and UV broad-line intensity ratios, used to identify a population of unobscured super-Eddington candidates. Several defining features place these candidates at the extreme end of the Population A in main sequence of quasars: among them are the highest observed singly-ionized iron emission, extreme outflow velocities in UV resonance lines, and unusually high metal abundances. These key properties reflect the coexistence of a virialized sub-system within the broad-line region alongside powerful outflows, with the observed gas enrichment likely driven by nuclear or circumnuclear star formation. The most compelling evidence for the occurrence of super-Eddington accretion onto supermassive black holes comes from recent observations of massive black holes at early cosmic epochs. These black holes require rapid growth rates that are only achievable through radiatively inefficient super-Eddington accretion. Furthermore, extreme Eddington ratios, close to or slightly exceeding unity, are consistent with the saturation of radiative output per unit mass predicted by accretion disk theory for super-Eddington accretion rates. The extreme properties of super-Eddington candidates suggest that these quasars could make them stable and well-defined cosmological distance indicators, leveraging the correlation between broad-line width and luminosity expected in virialized systems. Finally, several analogies with accretion processes around stellar-mass black holes, particularly in the high/soft state, are explored to provide additional insight into the mechanisms driving super-Eddington accretion.
Low-Latitude Ionospheric and Geomagnetic Disturbances Caused by the X7.13 Solar Flare of 25 February 2014
Authors: Domingo Zane Nikia C. , Macalalad Ernest P. , Yoshikawa Akimasa
Published: February 2025

On 25 February 2014 at around 00:39 UT, a major solar flare (code: SOL2014-02-25T00:39) erupted at sunspot region AR11990. Using the updated science quality data of GOES-15, it has been classified as an X7.13 solar flare. This gave rise to the electron density changes that affected the strengths of ionospheric electric currents. In this work, the difference in total electron content (TEC), between the TEC during a flare day and a quiet, fitted TEC, ΔTEC, and rate of change of TEC, dTEC/dt, are determined to observe electron density changes due to the solar flare over a low-latitude region. These stations are at Quezon City (PIMO) and Taguig City (PTAG). Also, responses in the geomagnetic field component, ΔH, are calculated along with the variations in the equatorial electrojet (EEJ) strength. These are observed at equatorial, Davao (DAV) and Cagayan de Oro (CDO), and off-equatorial, Muntinlupa (MUT) and Legazpi (LGZ), stations. The resulting ΔTEC values were 1.17–1.97 TECU while dTEC/dt maxima were 0.29–0.48 TECU/min. The dTEC/dt maxima were found to concur with the time the solar EUV reached peak intensity at 00:45 UT, 4 min before the flare (i.e., X-ray) peaked. Furthermore, the ΔH variations exhibited larger enhancements at the equatorial stations. These are mostly attributed to the EEJ contributing to the geomagnetic field variations. The amplification experienced by the EEJ due to the increased ionospheric conductivity is then reflected in the geomagnetic responses. For the CDO-LGZ stations, the EEJ strength reached ~37 nT, while for the DAV-MUT, this was ~60 nT.
The Angiogenic Markers PlGF and sFlt-1 in Cytomegalovirus Infection During Pregnancy: Insights from a Clinical Case
Authors: Giardini Valentina , Chiozzi Ramona , Fernicola Federica , Casati Marco , Locatelli Anna , Ornaghi Sara
Published: February 2025

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection during pregnancy is the leading cause of congenital infection subsequent to viral transplacental transmission. CMV placental infection can contribute to the development of adverse outcomes likely through placental dysfunction. This case report shows the potential utility of angiogenic markers, such as placental growth factor (PlGF) and soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase-1 (sFlt-1), in assessing CMV-related placental involvement and monitoring the effect of antiviral therapy on placental function, and highlights the possibility of integrating these markers into the clinical management of CMV infection.
Automation Systems in Pb Analysis: A Review on Environmental Water and Biological Samples
Authors: Rodríguez-Maese Rogelio , Rodríguez-Saldaña Verónica , Leal Luz O.
Published: February 2025

Lead (Pb) is one of the most relevant contaminants due to its high toxicity, even at low concentrations. The growing need for research about real-time Pb analysis in the field has driven advancements in portable, sensitive, and automated analytical methodologies. These innovations are crucial for taking proactive measures against the impacts of Pb pollution on ecosystems and public health. Flow analysis techniques have proven to be very effective in automating procedures for isolating and preconcentrating Pb in surface water and biological samples. Such automation boosts sample throughput and reduces processing time and reagent consumption, aligning with the green chemistry principles by lowering costs and minimizing waste. This review covers 31 recent automated analytical methodologies employing flow analysis techniques such as FIA, SIA, MSFIA, and LOV, emphasizing the trend toward portability and miniaturization, which facilitates in-situ analysis. Additionally, this review examines the pretreatment methods and detection systems used, highlighting the analytical parameters of each technique. The methodologies discussed demonstrate the capability to process up to 55 samples per hour accurately. Limits of quantification as low as 0.014 µg L−1 are reported, enabling environmental monitoring that effectively detects Pb concentrations below the WHO and EPA drinking water reference values of 10 µg L−1 and 15 µg L−1, respectively.
Multi-Scale Debris Flow Warning Technology Combining GNSS and InSAR Technology
Authors: Zhao Xiang , He Linju , Li Hai , He Ling , Liu Shuaihong
Published: February 2025

The dynamic loads of fluid impact and static loads, such as the gravity of a rock mass during the formation of debris flows, exhibit a coupled effect of mutual influence. Under this coupling effect, surface monitoring points in disaster areas experience displacement. However, existing methods do not consider the dynamic–static coupling effects of debris flows on the surface. Instead, they rely on GNSS or InSAR technology for dynamic or static single-scale monitoring, leading to high Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE) values and low warning accuracy. To address these limitations and improve debris flow warning accuracy, a multi-scale warning method was proposed based on Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) and Synthetic Aperture Radar Interferometry (InSAR) technology. GNSS technology was utilized to correct coordinate errors at monitoring points, thereby enhancing the accuracy of monitoring data. Surface deformation images were generated using InSAR and Small Baseline Subset (SBAS) technology, with time series calculations applied to obtain multi-scale deformation data of the surface in debris flow disaster areas. A debris flow disaster morphology classification model was developed using a support vector mechanism. The actual types of debris flow disasters were employed as training labels. Digital Elevation Model (DEM) files were utilized to extract datasets, including plane curvature, profile curvature, slope, and elevation of the monitoring area, which were then input into the training model for classification training. The model outputted the classification results of the hidden danger areas of debris flow disasters. Finally, the dynamic and static coupling variables of surface deformation were decomposed into valley-type internal factors (rock mass static load) and slope-type triggering factors (fluid impact dynamic load) using the moving average method. Time series prediction models for the variable of the dynamic–static coupling effects on surface deformation were constructed using polynomial regression and particle swarm optimization (PSO)–support vector regression (SVR) algorithms, achieving multi-scale early warning of debris flows. The experimental results showed that the error between the predicted surface deformation results using this method and the actual values is less than 5 mm. The predicted MAPE value reached 6.622%, the RMSE value reached 8.462 mm, the overall warning accuracy reached 85.9%, and the warning time was under 30 ms, indicating that the proposed method delivered high warning accuracy and real-time warning.
Factors Influencing Electric Motorcycle Adoption in Indonesia: Comprehensive Psychological, Situational, and Contextual Perspectives
Authors: Agustina Rina , Yuniaristanto  , Sutopo Wahyudi
Published: February 2025

The adoption of electric motorcycles is critical for reducing transportation-related greenhouse gas emissions in Indonesia, which reached 674.54 million t of CO2 in 2023. This study integrates the Theory of Planned Behavior with situational, contextual, and demographic factors to explore the determinants of electric motorcycle adoption intentions and actual usage. Data were collected from 1602 respondents across ten provinces with the highest motorcycle sales using purposive sampling and analyzed through Partial Least Squares—Structural Equation Modeling. Findings reveal that psychological factors—attitude, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control—significantly influence purchase intentions, while personal moral norms do not. Situational factors such as technology and cost indirectly affect adoption intentions through attitude and perceived behavioral control. Contextual factors show mixed results; government policies effectively shape attitudes and perceived behavioral control, but infrastructure remains inadequate to influence attitudes directly. Demographic analysis highlights gender as a moderating factor, with men showing higher moral-driven adoption intentions. These results imply that the government and manufacturers need to develop the appropriate strategy to foster public interest in adopting electric motorcycles to increase the adoption rate of pro-environmental vehicles. Government policies such as purchase price subsidies, tax reductions, and charging rate discounts can motivate the intention to adopt electric motorcycles. In addition, manufacturers could improve technical performance and reduce the total cost of ownership, such as the purchase price and battery replacement costs.
Temporal Relationships of Breeding Landbirds and Productivity on a Working Landscape
Authors: Ortiz Janel L. , Conkey April A. T. , Lipschutz Maia L. , Brennan Leonard A. , Wester David B. , Campbell Tyler A. , Perotto-Baldivieso Humberto L.
Published: February 2025

The Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) is a measurement of landscape “greenness” and is used as a proxy for productivity to assess species distributions and habitats. Seasonal levels of productivity have been strongly related to avian population dynamics, suggesting dependence upon biomass production for completing annual life cycle events. The breeding season is a critical component of the avian life cycle that involves higher nutritional requirements to feed young, avoiding predators, and attracting mates. Our objective was to determine how the NDVI affects avian abundance and richness across breeding seasons with varied rainfall in South Texas, USA. Breeding bird point-count surveys were conducted, and MODIS Terra NDVI data were collected. We observed both positive and negative effects between May and June avian abundance, richness, and the NDVI depending upon the year (i.e., wet or average rainfall) and NDVI values in the months prior to (i.e., April) and during the peak of breeding season (May), with no significant effect of the NDVI in June, suggesting the months prior to peak breeding season may be most influential. This information can aid land management recommendations and better predict how environmental changes like rainfall may affect avian dynamics on a landscape for both wildlife and domestic animals.
Criação de núcleo de aeronave remotamente pilotada (ARP) em cada comando intermediário da Polícia Militar Paraná (PMPR)
Authors: Iark Andrey Müller
Published: February 2025

O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar o regramento e normatização para operações das aeronaves remotamente pilotadas utilizadas pelas Polícias Militares, levando em conta a atual legislação, normativas e resoluções da ANAC, DECEA, ANATEL, para sugerir a criação de núcleos de drones em cada comando regional da PMPR. O método empregado neste estudo foi o dedutivo, efetivado por meio de revisão da literatura originada pela análise de material selecionado em mecanismos de busca como Scielo, Google Acadêmico, banco de teses e a doutrina e legislação vigente. Os resultados mostraram que tecnologia de drones tem reflexo direto em múltiplos aspectos que interferem desde a capacidade de monitoração de grandes áreas com maior precisão, incluindo a diminuição dos custos operacionais e minimização dos riscos pelos quais os policiais militares passam.  Por isso, é indispensável estabelecer diretrizes com clareza e regulamentações que asseguram a utilização destes equipamentos, respeitando a conformidade com as legislações e diretrizes vigentes. Conclui-se que esta ferramenta tecnológica é de grande utilidade a nível operacional, e também bastante pertinente quando do assessoramento aos níveis táticos e estratégicos, por isso, a criação dos núcleos de drone torna-se uma ferramenta muito relevante neste processo.
Análise bibliométrica dos indicadores do SCEA
Authors: Gois Alexsandro Barreto , Nogueira Jorge Madeira
Published: February 2025

A integração dos sistemas econômico e ambiental proporciona uma amplitude de apresentação de dados e informações para a gestão de informações ambientais, por meio de indicadores que estejam aderentes à evidenciação de informações ambientais, pois devem ser úteis para a tomada de decisão. Destarte, há críticas levantadas que se relacionam com indicadores econômicos, os quais refletem impactos e degradação ambiental, oriundos de atividades de produção e de consumo (MUELLER, 2009). Nesse contexto, esta pesquisa teve como pergunta de pesquisa: Qual o panorama da produção científica internacional que trata do System of Environmental Economic Accounting (SEEA) e do Green Gross Domestic Product (Green GDP) nos últimos 40 anos? Nesse sentido, o objetivo geral desta pesquisa foi apresentar o mapeamento da produção científica internacional que trata do SEEA e do Green GDP. Para responder a essa pergunta de pesquisa, este trabalho utiliza-se da análise bibliométrica, que tem como propósito conhecer o panorama sobre essa produção científica, além de desenvolver o mapeamento dos dados encontrados. Assim, com os dados obtidos da pesquisa, obteve-se como resultados das discussões: a falta de estudo bibliométrico anterior que trata sobre o tema desta pesquisa; a pouca quantidade de materiais encontrados relacionados, pois apesar de terem sido encontrados 340 documentos, muitos deles não se relacionam diretamente com esta proposta, mesmo possuindo as palavras-chave definidas; a linha temporal das produções científicas é relativamente pequena, com 25 anos de lapso temporal, sendo que o período de crescimento de publicação refere-se aos últimos 16 anos. Assim, conforme os dados obtidos, há poucos documentos que se relacionam com o objeto desta pesquisa. Diante disso, a relevância desta pesquisa foi explorar o objeto de pesquisa e realizar o mapeamento dos dados encontrados, utilizando a técnica de análise bibliométrica, contribuindo com a disponibilização desses dados à academia, aos pesquisadores, aos governos e à sociedade.
Análise da execução das orientações médicas no paciente acamado na atenção domiciliar: um relato de experiência
Authors: Ferreira Gabrielle Quiozini , Dator Lorena Martins , Matielo Maria Fernanda , Mendes Adriana Baldo
Published: February 2025

O cuidado com pacientes acamados é essencial para melhorar sua qualidade de vida, permitindo segurança, autonomia e independência. A Atenção Domiciliar oferece ações de promoção e manutenção da saúde no ambiente do paciente. Este trabalho relata a experiência de acompanhamento de um paciente acamado, identificando falhas na orientação médica e propondo um plano terapêutico. O paciente, de 80 anos, apresentava várias úlceras por pressão após internação em UTI. Durante as visitas, foram realizadas orientações sobre o manejo das lesões, incluindo o uso de colagenase e mudanças de decúbito. Observou-se uma melhora significativa nas lesões após a implementação das orientações e o encaminhamento ao Ambulatório de Feridas. A experiência ressalta a importância de orientações adequadas e da continuidade dos cuidados multidisciplinares, que devem ser centrados nas necessidades e limitações do paciente.
Cytotoxic effect of Spatholobus littoralis extract on breast cancer cells by in vitro and prediction of the mechanism of activity against estrogen receptors (ER-α and ER-β) by in silico
Authors: Atun Sri , Aznam Nurfina , Arianingrum Retno , Rasningtyaswati Rasningtyaswati , Sangal Aditi
Published: February 2025

Introduction: Spatholobus littoralis is widely used as an anticancer herbal medicine in Kalimantan, Indonesia. This study aims to determine the cytotoxic effect of S. littoralis on breast cancer cells in vitro and predict the mechanism of its activity on the estrogen receptors (ER) in silico. Methods: Dry wood of S. littoralis was extracted using ethanol solvent by maceration and fractionated using n-hexane, chloroform, and ethyl acetate. The cytotoxic assay was evaluated using MTT reagent in T47D and 4T1 cells. Prediction of the interaction mechanism of phenolic compounds from the genus Spatholobus with ER-α and ER-β was carried out in silico. Results: The results showed that the ethanolic extract of S. littoralis did not show a cytotoxic effect on T47D cells, but showed weak toxicity on 4T1 cells. Furthermore, n-hexane, chloroform, and ethyl acetate fractions of S. littoralis showed strong to moderate cytotoxic effects on T47D and 4T1 cells. In silico test results showed that 3’-4’-7-trihydroxy flavone was a phenolic compound with the highest binding energy compared to the ER native ligand Genistein in ER-α (-10.2 kcal/mol) and ER-β (-10.9 kcal/mol). The 3’-4’-7-trihydroxy flavone binding site in ER-α was bound to amino acid residues Arg394, Glu353, and Leu387, while in ER-β it was found at Arg346, Glu305, and Leu339. Conclusion: These findings indicate that S. littoralis contains phenolic compounds that can inhibit the growth of breast cancer cells, so it may have the potential to be developed as a new drug for breast cancer.
Cytotoxicity evaluation of hydro-alcoholic extract of Prangos pabularia Lindl root on breast cancer MCF-7 cell line
Authors: Fayazi Masoumeh , Sajjadi Meysam , Mousavi Sayed Yousof
Published: February 2025

Introduction: Breast cancer has the second worldwide rank and is expected to reach more than 3.2 million new cases by 2050. In Afghanistan, Prangos pabularia plant is used for many purposes, including cancer treatment with no scientific evidence. This study aimed to evaluate the cytotoxic effects of root extract of P. pabularia collected from Afghanistan on MCF-7 breast cancer cell line. Methods: The hydro-alcoholic extract of P. pabularia roots at the concentrations of 50, 100, 200, 400, 600, 800, and 1000 µg/mL was studied on MCF7 breast cancer cell line after 24, 48, and 72 hours. The cytotoxicity assessment was done by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide tetrazolium (MTT) assay, spectrophotometry, and Annexin-A5 apoptotic-flow cytometry. Results: The cytotoxic effect of the extract exhibited dose-dependent at 24 hours exposure time with IC50 of 756 µg/mL. However, at 48 and 72 hours exposure, the cytotoxicity effects were observed in high extract concentrations with IC50 of 682 and 450 µg/mL, respectively. The extract concentration at 600 µg/mL after 72 hours decreased the cell viability below 50%. This concentration was selected for apoptosis assay. The flow cytometric analysis indicated that the extract had significant cytotoxic effects (P<0.01) by inducing early apoptosis on the cell line. Conclusion: This research revealed that P. pabularia extract represented cell toxicity against the MCF-7 cell line. In addition to the claimed therapeutic uses, proliferative activity was observed in some conditions. Further studies are necessary to confirm this plant’s efficacy and safety.
Antibacterial efficacy of fruit extracts from three mangrove species: Rhizophora mucronata, Sonneratia alba, and Sonneratia caseolaris against multidrug-resistant (MDR) isolates derived from clinical specimens
Authors: Prastiyanto Muhmmad Evy , Wardoyo Fandhi Adi
Published: February 2025

Introduction: The emergence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria poses a significant challenge to public health, necessitating the exploration of alternative antimicrobial agents. This study investigates the antibacterial activity of fruit extracts from Rhizophora mucronata, Sonneratia alba, and Sonneratia caseolaris against MDR isolates derived from clinical specimens. Methods: Antibacterial activity was assessed against multiple multidrug-resistant bacterial strains, such as methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (A) strain sa1, vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus (VRE) strain ef1, carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa (CRPAMRS) strain ps1, and extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) Escherichia coli strain ec1. The antibacterial efficacy was determined using an agar-based well diffusion test to ascertain the zone of inhibition. Microdilution was assessed to ascertain the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) values. Standard procedures were used to screen for plant phytochemicals (terpenoid, alkaloid, flavonoid, tannin, and saponin). Results: An ethanol extract of mangrove fruit exhibited antibacterial activity against MRSA, VRE, CRPA, and ESBL-Escherichia coli, producing an inhibitory zone diameter of 3-24 mm at 10 and 20 mg/mL, with MIC and MBC values exceeding 20 mg/mL. Specifically, Sonneratia alba was effective against MRSA and VRE with MIC and MBC values ≥10 mg/mL. Sonneratia caseolaris was effective against CRPA and ESBL-Escherichia coli with MIC and MBC values ≥5 mg/mL Phytochemical identification results showed the presence of terpenoids, alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, and saponins in all three extracts. Conclusion: The fruit extracts examined have antibacterial activity against MDR isolates. Additional studies are required to isolate and characterize the specific bioactive substances that generate these effects.
Destructive Effects of Formaldehyde on Mouse Ovaries Ameliorated by Rosa damascena
Authors: Rajabi Soodeh , Hassanpour Azam , Hasannejad Mohammad , Gholami Shahrebabak Aazam , Mortazavi Seyed Mojtaba , Askaripour Majid
Published: February 2025

Background: Formaldehyde (FA) is a chemical precursor that has toxic effects on several systems, including the reproductive system. Rosa damascena L. (RD) is an ancient herbal drug with various antioxidant substances. In the present study, the effects of RD on mouse ovaries against FA toxicity were investigated. Methods: In this study, 48 adult female NMRI mice were included and divided randomly into six groups (n=8): control, 10% FA group received a single dose of FA (10 mg/kg which was diluted in normal saline) intraperitoneally (i.p), FA+RD10, FA+RD20, and FA+RD40 that received RD extract 10, 20, and 40 mg/kg/d orally, respectively, following FA injection, and RD40 that only received RD extract 40 mg/kg/d orally, without FA administration. Results: After 40 days of treatment, estrogen and progesterone levels decreased in serum in the FA group relative to the normal group (P<0.001). Also, the ovary weight, volume and diameter (WVD), and number of different ovarian follicles were significantly reduced in the FA-treated group (P<0.05). Treatment of female mice with doses of 10, 20, and 40 RD improved the harmful effects of FA. Conclusion: Based on the available evidence in this study, different doses of RD especially its low dose (10 mg/kg) can protect the ovaries against FA toxicity.
sociedades indígenas de la región pampeana en el período colonial
Authors: Ortelli Sara
Published: February 2025

La historiografía argentina tradicionalmente excluyó de su campo de estudios a las sociedades indígenas de la región pampeana y las redujo, en el mejor de los casos, a ser telón de fondo de los procesos protagonizados por los hispanocriollos en el contexto de la guerra de fronteras. Esta situación respondía a razones de índole disciplinar y epistemológico, pero también a una mirada político-ideológica que se relacionaba con el lugar que se les dio a estas sociedades en el proceso de construcción y consolidación del Estado Nación a lo largo del siglo XIX. Fueron la Antropología y la Arqueología las disciplinas que se ocuparon de abordar el estudio del pasado indígena y, puntualmente, la Escuela de Viena la que, establecida en Argentina en la década de 1940, analizó a las sociedades que habían habitado la región pampeana y sus adyacencias, la que caracterizó los procesos y enarboló algunos conceptos y categorías que, si bien han sido discutidos y deconstruidos en los últimos años, aún continúan fuertemente arraigados en el sentido común. La renovación historiográfica de mediados de la década de 1980, revisó el esquema y las explicaciones tradicionales, y configuró nuevos paradigmas interpretativos e interdisciplinarios de los que emergió una renovada imagen de estas sociedades, de los procesos que protagonizaron y de su inserción en la historia regional.
Paisaje industrial y patrimonio
Authors: Pallicer Rodrigo Ezequiel
Published: February 2025

El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo analizar la génesis del patrimonio industrial de la ciudad de Olavarría, centro minero de la provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina. Por lo que se reflexiona en torno a su conformación histórica al indagar sobre cómo se da el surgimiento de sus comunidades mineras a partir del asentamiento de inmigrantes europeos. Es que esta región es un territorio que no ha quedado ajeno a los movimientos inmigratorios de ultramar de fines del siglo XIX en el que se dio el establecimiento y creación de conglomerados que dieron lugar a culturas de trabajo específicas. Las cuales, a través de sus prácticas, representan las diferentes formas de interacción entre el ser humano, la tecnología y la naturaleza. Se pretende mostrar, pues, el surgimiento de las comunidades mineras de Sierra Chica y Sierras Bayas, para dar cuenta de qué manera la inmigración estableció paisajes específicos de la producción configurando paisajes culturales que denotan un patrimonio industrial único. Por lo que se muestran las iniciativas tomadas por el Estado para conquistar nuevos territorios y poblarlos sobre la base de leyes creadas para atraer a inmigrantes dentro del marco fundacional del Estado-Nación. El objetivo es comprender las cuestiones que influyeron en la llegada y asentamiento de inmigrantes en relación con los proyectos de colonización nacionales siendo, este conjunto, la base de lo que pretendo identificar en este trabajo a partir de la utilización del enfoque etnográfico al problematizar la configuración territorial de la región centro-sur de la provincia de Buenos Aires.
aproximación a las tolderías de Catriel Y Cachul en la Batalla De Sierra Chica 1855 (Olavarría, Buenos Aires)
Authors: Merlo Julio Fabián , Martucci Marilina
Published: February 2025

En este trabajo se presentan los avances en el análisis de documentos y de materiales arqueológicos recuperados en los sitios SCH y SCHa, de la Localidad de Sierra Chica, Olavarría. Las investigaciones se enmarcan en la ubicación de la Batalla de Sierra Chica o Taperas de Barragán, en donde se enfrentan las parcialidades de los indios de Catriel y Cachul con el ejército de Mitre. Se presentan los primeros resultados del análisis del conjunto artefactual lítico entre otros materiales de época para conocer la funcionalidad de los mismos, características tecno-morfológicas y la relación con los conjuntos arqueológicos recuperados en la zona; que se comparan con el registro cartográfico/documental que forman parte de los sitios arqueológicos que comprenden el asentamiento de las tolderías. El avance de la frontera mediante la instalación de fortificaciones con la finalidad de ocupar los territorios que Rosas destinó a parcialidades indígenas en 1832, en momentos de inestabilidad social y política, generada por los nuevos gobiernos, que no cumplía con los tratados previos tensando las relaciones en la frontera generó que el 30 de mayo de 1855 el ministro de Guerra, Bartolomé Mitre intentó realizar un ataque sorpresa a las tolderías ubicadas sobre las márgenes del Arroyo Tapalqué y Paso López, sin poder lograrlo. Esta fecha marcó la resistencia y permanencia indígena en el lugar, otorgado a través del registro cartográfico y arqueológico la fecha de fundación de la localidad.
Exhaust gas characterization of biofuel blends in an open cycle gas turbine
Authors:   Universidad Autónoma de Campeche, Morales-Sánchez Leticia Isabel , Andrade-Duran Juan Edgar ,   Universidad Autónoma de Campeche, Sanchez-Quintal Ricardo de Jesús ,   Universidad Autónoma de Campeche, May-Tzuc Oscar de Jesús ,   Universidad Autónoma de Campeche
Published: February 2025

This work seeks to analyze and reduce the percentage in gram/gram of exhaust gases that cause the greenhouse effect using an aeronautical miniturbine. For this research, mixtures of biodiesel (own) and commercial aviation kerosene are used in a BEE-80 model miniturbine. A test bench was implemented which has the microturbine installed, it is monitored telemetrically using an Arduino system and a combustion gas analyzer (CO2, CH4, SOx), the turbine parameters allow experimenting with the different mixtures to find the optimal one. It is operated with mixtures varying the percentage of biodiesel from 10%, 20%, 30%, 40% to 50% (B10-B50), to observe the changes in power, consumption, lubricity and mainly the emissions released to the atmosphere. The mixture that showed the best efficiency, an acceptable reduction in greenhouse gases and better lubrication, was B20, in addition to acceptable consumption compared to the other mixtures.
Thermal analysis of a single-cell PEM-type fuel cell with a coil as flow field architecture and its impact on cathode water formation
Authors:   Centro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán, Ceballos-Pérez José , Ordóñez-López Luis ,   Centro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán, Sierra-Grajeda Juan ,   Universidad Autónoma del Carmen
Published: February 2025

The thermal analysis of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells (PEMFC) is crucial for understanding how temperature impacts both electrochemical performance and water management, key aspects of their operation. This study focuses on evaluating the effect of thermal variations and tortuosity on liquid water formation in the cathode and its influence on overall efficiency. The thermal analysis considers the interaction between heat transfer, tortuosity due to porosity, and the presence of liquid water. To solve the governing equations of the system, the open-source software OpenFOAM, based on C++, is used with the Finite Volume Method (FVM). This approach allows for accurate modeling of thermal behavior and mass transport in the PEMFC. The study examines performance through polarization curves at three operational temperatures: 323, 328, and 333 K, combined with tortuosity values of 1.5 and 2.5. These variations help understand how tortuosity affects reactant and product transport, as well as water management and overall cell performance.
Comparison of the effect on electricity production in benthic microbial fuel cells using plasma-treated anodes
Authors:   Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Flores-Martínez Jordy Alexis , Fuentes-Albarrán María del Carmen ,   Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Alarcón-Hernández Fidel Benjamín ,   Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Gadea-Pacheco José Luis ,   Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos
Published: February 2025

In this study, the effect on electricity production in four benthic microbial fuel cell (BCMB) devices was compared. The CCMBs used carbon fiber anodes subjected to different exposure times to a non-thermal plasma at low pressure, with exposure times of 1, 3 and 6 minutes respectively, in addition to a control (untreated anode). The lowest power production was obtained with the anode treated for 6 minutes, recording a power density of 1.33 mW/m2 with a current density of 22.22 mA/m2 , while the highest power production was achieved with the CCMB using the anode treated for 1 minute, obtaining a maximum peak power of 2.02 mW/m2 with a current density of 27.40 mA/m2 . The results showed that a shorter exposure time of the anode to plasma treatment has a favorable effect on power production.
Sateisuuden havaittuja ja ennakoituja muutoksia Suomen maakunnissa
Authors: Anna Luomaranta , Meri Virman , Mika Rantanen , Joona Hautala , Kimmo Ruosteenoja , Antti Mäkelä
Published: February 2025

Ilmaston lämpeneminen vaikuttaa sateisuuteen eri puolilla maapalloa. Suomi sijaitsee alueella, jolla sademäärien odotetaan lämpenemisen myötä kasvavan. Sateisuudella ja sen muutoksilla on vaikutuksia ekosysteemeihin, infrastruktuuriin, ihmisiin ja elinkeinoihin. Sateisuuden muuttuessa monella yhteiskunnan sektorilla tarvitaan sopeutumistoimia, ja näiden suunnitteluun tarvitaan tutkittua tietoa olosuhteiden muutoksista.

Tässä raportissa tarkastellaan sateisuuden havaittuja ja arvioituja tulevia muutoksia Suomen eri maakunnissa. Havaintoaineistoina on käytetty asemakohtaisia havaintoja sekä ns. hilamuotoista havaintotietoa. Tulevaisuuden muutosarvioissa on hyödynnetty sekä karkeamman laskentatarkkuuden maailmanlaajuisten ilmastomallien tuloksia että alueellisesti hyvin tarkan erottelukyvyn ilmastomallia. Ilmastomallitulokset perustuvat voimakkuudeltaan keskitasoiseen kasvihuonekaasujen päästöskenaarioon (SSP2-4.5/RCP4.5).

Havaintoaineistoista saatujen tulosten mukaan sademäärät ovat kasvaneet tarkastelujaksolla 1961–2023 Suomessa eniten talviaikaan, kun taas syksyllä muutokset ovat olleet pienimpiä. Maakuntatason tarkasteluissa havaittiin, että kahden ilmastollisen vertailukauden, 1961–1990 ja 1991–2020, välillä keskimääräiset vuotuiset sademäärät ovat kasvaneet kaikissa maakunnissa. Talvien sademäärien kasvu näkyy tilastollisesti merkitsevänä kunkin maakunnan alueella ainakin yhdellä havaintoasemalla. Muina vuodenaikoina muutossignaalin voimakkuus vaihtelee eri maakuntien välillä.

Rankkasadepäiviä esiintyi havaintojen mukaan eri maakunnissa vuosittain 0–9 kpl. Rankkasadepäivien havaittiin lisääntyneen ainakin yhdellä havaintoasemalla Etelä- ja Keski-Pohjanmaalla, Etelä-Savossa, Keski-Suomessa, Pirkanmaalla, Pohjanmaalla, Pohjois-Karjalassa, Pohjois-Savossa sekä Uudellamaalla.

Tulevaisuuden muutosarvioiden mukaan Suomen vuotuisen sademäärän arvioidaan kasvavan vuosisadan puoliväliin mennessä 5–10 %. Samalla kesän rankkasateiden arvioidaan voimistuvan ja yleistyvän suuressa osassa Suomea. Kasvun arvioidaan jatkuvan vuosisadan loppupuolella. Kuitenkin rankkasateiden satunnaisuuden ja pienimittakaavaisuuden takia näihin muutosarvioihin liittyy väistämättä epävarmuutta.

Tulokset osoittavat, että Suomessa sadeolosuhteet vaihtelevat huomattavasti vuodesta toiseen, ja vaihtelu myös jatkuu muutoksen suunnasta huolimatta. Kuitenkin sellaiset vuodet, jolloin rankkasadepäiviä ei havaita lainkaan tai talvikuukausien sademäärä on hyvin pieni, muuttuvat ajan myötä entistä harvinaisemmiksi.
PROSPECTS FOR INNOVATIVE DEVELOPMENT OF LIVESTOCK IN WEST AFRICA
Authors:   Russian university of economics name after G.V. Plekhanov, Degenonga Estelle Setonde Alice , Dohainon Tohuenu Joel ,   Russian university of economics name after G.V. Plekhanov, Zakharova Natalya Vasilievna ,   Russian university of economics name after G.V. Plekhanov
Published: February 2025

This paper presents an in-depth analysis of the prospects for innovative development of livestock in West Africa, a region with enormous, but still under-utilized, potential in this area. Despite the significant population engaged in livestock production and vast pastoral resources, the sector faces a number of serious challenges that impede its effective and sustainable development. These challenges include, first of all, climate change, manifested in increased droughts and unpredictable rainfall, degradation of rangelands as a result of overgrazing and irrational land use, limited access to quality feed, veterinary services, financial resources and modern technologies. This leads to low livestock productivity, insufficient provision of the population with animal products and limited economic growth in the region. The study considers strategies for increasing the productivity and sustainability of livestock systems based on the integration of modern technologies and sustainable practices. In particular, the paper examines the potential for using remote sensing to monitor pasture conditions and manage grazing, using mobile applications to access information on markets, veterinary services and best practices, and introducing animal health monitoring systems to detect and prevent diseases early. The study also places significant emphasis on promoting sustainable land use practices, such as agroecology and rangeland management, to preserve biodiversity and improve soil fertility. In the context of market mechanisms, the paper examines the potential for using carbon credits as an incentive to implement environmentally responsible practices in livestock production. A key factor in the successful implementation of innovations is the training and professional development of livestock farmers. The study highlights the need to develop and implement educational programs adapted to local conditions and needs, using modern teaching methods and information technology. The paper concludes with specific recommendations for creating a favorable political, economic and institutional environment for innovative livestock development in West Africa, which contributes to food security, income growth and sustainable development of the region.
NEW REDISTRIBUTION OF PROPERTY – GOALS AND BENEFICIARIES
Authors:   Dagestan state university in Makhachkala, Aliev Oleg Magomedovich ,   Branch of Dagestan state university in Kizlyar
Published: February 2025

The article analyzes the impact of the sanctions of the collective West on Russia and their possible consequences based on the data of ministries and departments, statistical data and other available sources. Objectives. To reveal the goals of the new stage of privatization and its beneficiaries. Methodology. General scientific approaches and methods, analysis of studies and scientific literature concerning the new stage of privatization, identification and generalization of facts that ensure the achievement of the set goal. Results. Western restrictions and SVO have destroyed the established economic ties that have formed in Russia over the past 30 years. A new economic model is being built, including through a new stage of privatization reminiscent of chabot. The state welcomes the further transfer of assets into private hands despite the fact that most citizens are convinced of the destructive nature of the sale of state property. Formal reasons are determined for which the authorities are taking away assets. New privatization is traditionally justified by the desire to improve the efficiency of companies. But the transfer of property into private hands does not guarantee this. The state first nationalizes certain assets from the "wrong" oligarchs and then transfers them to the "right" ones. In this simple way, large capitalists and the top bureaucracy started a redistribution of property unprecedented since the early nineties. Conclusions. The underlying goals of deprivatization and nationalization in the context of the SVO and restrictions are the restoration and establishment of state control over industries, primarily over systemically important enterprises. Secondary goals are the formation of new directions of the sales market. But behind these goals are people (clans) with their economic interests. And the state in these games is just an umbrella covering private interests in the redistribution of property.
Flexible self-written optical waveguide and optical self-coupling with polymeric cladding
Authors: Kakurai Hayato , Terasawa Hidetaka , Kondo Keisuke , Sugihara Okihiro
Published: February 2025

The future high-speed data transmission in autonomous driving systems will require low-cost optical connection technology that can mitigate alignment accuracy between fibers and withstand vibration. We proposed and demonstrated an optical self-coupling using near-infrared flexible light-induced self-written (LISW) optical waveguides with polymeric cladding between two graded-index multimode optical fibers having a core diameter of 50 μm. An ultraviolet curable cladding resin mixture was selected by considering Young’s modulus and refractive index values. The insertion loss and tolerance for misalignment of the optical fibers were improved by covering the LISW optical waveguide core with an appropriate cladding material.