bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Lead Exposure Induces Structural Damage, Digestive Stress, Immune Response and Microbiota Dysbiosis in Intestine of Silver Carp (Hypophthalmichthys Molitrix)
Authors: Liu Haisu , Zhang Hang , Zhang Sanshan , Wang Anli , Fu Shengli
Published: November 2021

Lead (Pb) is one of the most common toxic heavy metals in water, and it can cause harm to aquatic animals and humans when released into the environment. In the present study, the effects of Pb exposure on the morphology, digestive enzyme activity, immune function and microbiota structure of silver carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix) intestines within 96 h were detected. Moreover, the correlation between them was analyzed. The results showed that Pb exposure could severely damage the intestinal morphology on the one hand, including significantly shortening the intestinal villi’s length, increasing the goblet cells’ number, causing the intestinal leukocyte infiltration, and thickening the intestinal wall abnormally, and on the other hand, increasing the activity of intestinal digestive enzyme (trypsin and lipase). In addition, the mRNA expressions of structure-related genes (Claudin-7 and villin-1) were down-regulated, and the immune factors (IL-8, IL-10 and TNF-α) were up-regulated after Pb exposure. Furthermore, data of the MiSeq sequencing showed that the abundance of membrane transport, immune system function and digestive system of silver carp intestinal microbiota was decreased, and the cellular antigens was increased. Finally, the canonical correlation analysis (CCA) found that there were correlations between silver carp’s intestinal microbiota and intestinal morphology and immune factors. In conclusion, it is speculated that Pb may damage the intestinal barrier of silver carp, leading the microbiota dysbiosis, which further affects the intestinal immune and digestive function.
Near Centimeter-scale FT-MIR Spectrometer based on NZIM Perfect Absorption using Inverted TanCirc Conformal Mapping Geometry
Authors: Swett Dwight W.
Published: November 2021

A long sought objective of MEMS research within the oil & gas industry has been the realization of “FT-IR on a chip,” which could hold the potential to migrate laboratory grade chemical spectroscopy into downhole sensor suites. A fundamental obstacle to this research has been the cooling demands of conventional technologies which conflict with the miniaturized sensor volumes required in downhole logging systems and environmental conditions that routinely exceed 125 • C. Near centimeter scale spectroscopic devices are required by a majority of downhole sensor suites, which stands in stark contrast to multiple-decimeter size conventional devices. Here we report a near-centimeter scale FT-MIR ATR spectrometer compatible with downhole volumetric and temperature constraints. The spectrometer is based upon a high-temperature broadband mid-infrared metasurface detector/source combination derived from a geometric inversion of a set of conformal mapping contours. The metasurface elemental structure is derived from a geometric inversion of the canonical TanCirc conformal mapping contours and was found to exhibit a near zero index metamaterial (NZIM) behavior over a spectral range of interest for downhole chemical spectroscopy. The NZIM properties of the metasurface lead to an absorption phenomenon characterized by surface plasmon resonances which confine the absorption mechanism within the ultrathin (λ /300) metasurface plane and make the absorption properties of the microbolometer design relatively insensitive to the material properties of the remaining laminae. This unusual feature allows the metasurface to be integrated on a single VO 2 material thermometric layer and operated at elevated downhole temperatures despite corresponding to the VO2 metal-insulator-transition (MIT) region. Within this transition region however the VO2 layer exhibits a substantially beneficial property in that the VO 2 layer exhibits more than an order of magnitude enhancement in its ambient thermometric properties, leading to an uncooled microbolometer design with predicted maximum detectivity D * = 1.5 × 10 10 cm √ Hz/W and noise equivalent difference temperature NEDT of 1 mK at a modulation frequency of 500 Hz. A sub-millimeter scale thermal infrared source with intrinsic mid-infrared band-limited emission is formed from the same cellular geometric building block, enabling the spectrometer miniaturization. These performance parameters compare well with lower tier laboratory grade FT-MIR spectroscopic instruments and could represent a significant step in the effort towards deploying miniaturized high-temperature mid-infrared spectroscopy into oilfield downhole logging applications.
Bone Mineral Density Attenuation in Obstructive Sleep Apnea by Derived Computed Tomography Screening
Authors: Daniel Sharon , Cohen-Freud Yafit , Shelef Ilan , Tarasiuk Ariel
Published: November 2021

The association between obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and bone mineral density (BMD) is poorly elucidated with contradictory findings. We retrospectively explored the association between OSA and BMD by examining abdominal computed tomography (CT) vertebrae images using clinical information. We included 315 subjects (174 with OSA and 141 without OSA) who performed at least two CT scans (peak voltage of 120 kV). Bone mineral density was attenuated in those with OSA and increased age. BMD attenuation was not associated with the apnea–hypopnea score, nocturnal oxygen saturation, or arousal index. A multivariate linear regression indicated that OSA is associated with BMD attenuation after controlling for age, gender, and cardiovascular diseases. Here, we report that OSA is associated with BMD attenuation. Further studies are required to untangle the complex affect of OSA on BMD loss and possible clinical implication of vertebra depressed fracture or femoral neck fracture.
Effects of Ulinastatin on Postoperative Renal Function in Patients Undergoing Cardiac Surgery With Cardiopulmonary Bypass: a Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Lv Hong , Lv Huanran , Fei Yuda , Li Qian , zhang Peng , Cao Liang , Li LiHuan , Shi Jia
Published: November 2021

Background: Ulinastatin is a serine protease inhibitor with anti-inflammatory effects. Evidence for the effects of ulinastatin on renal outcomes remains sparse in patients receiving cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB).Methods: This prospective cohort study evaluated 413 patients aged 18–70 years who underwent cardiac surgery with CPB, from Aug 2008 to Jul 2019 in Fuwai Hospital, Beijing ,China. The ulinastatin group included 135 patients who received intravenous ulinastatin (1×106 U) after induction of anesthesia. The remaining 278 patients without ulinastatin served as the control group. The primary outcome was the rate of new-onset postoperative acute kidney injury (AKI). The secondary outcome was renal replacement therapy(RRT). Serum creatinine, plasma NGAL, and serum IL-6 levels were evaluated and the CSANGAL Score was calculated. In addition, in-hospital mortality, morbidity, adverse outcomes and 10-year follow-up the survival rate was analyzed.Results: Rate of new-onset AKI was significantly lower in the ulinastatin group than in the control group (20.00% vs. 32.40%, p=0.009). There was no significant difference of RRT between the two groups (0.00% vs. 2.16%, p=0.09). In-hospital mortality, morbidity, and adverse outcomes were comparable between the two groups except for a significantly lower incidence of respiratory failure in the ulinastatin group compared with the control group (0.76% vs. 5.40%, p=0.02). The 10-year follow-up survival rates did not differ significantly between the two groups.Conclusions: Ulinastatin significantly reduced postope rative AKI and respiratory failure in patients receiving cardiac surgery with CPB. But ulinastatin did not reduce ICU and hospital stay and mortality.Clinical trial registration: NCT01060189
Analysis of Chromosome 3P Genes Associated With Clinical Staging of Small Cell Lung Cancer and Prediction of Targeted Drugs
Authors: Ma Chun-Xu , Zhao Ji-Hua , Wu Ying , Wang Jun , Wang Hao
Published: November 2021

BackgroundNowadays, the diagnosis of small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) remains a great challenge. Changes in the chromosome 3p (chr3) gene are usually observed in the pathogenesis of lung cancer, which seems to imply that these chr3 genes may be a diagnostic marker in the early stage of SCLC. MethodsBased on Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) screening analysis, Weighted gene co-expression network analysis, and Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, this study explored the diagnostic value of the chr3 gene obtained from the University of California Santa Cruz Genome Browser Database in SCLC. Meanwhile, quantitative real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction (qRT-PCR) was used to reveal the expression patterns of diagnostic biomarkers in Human pulmonary alveolar epithelial cells and the SCLC cell line NCI-H146. The potential pathways involved in the diagnostic biomarkers were investigated by a single-gene Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA). Furthermore, drugs regulating the expression levels of diagnostic biomarkers were predicted by the Comparative Toxicogenomics Database (CTD).ResultsWe identified a total of 33 differentially expressed chr3 (DE-chr3) genes and 1156 hub genes associated with clinical features of SCLC, and functional enrichment analysis showed that all of these genes were significantly enriched in the cell cycle terms. Ultimately, the area under curve of the ROC curve demonstrated that the overlapping genes of the DE-chr3 genes and the hub genes, CDC25A, FYCO1, and RFTN1, were relatively accurate in distinguishing normal from SCLC samples, which were considered to be diagnostic biomarkers. CDC25A was overexpressed in SCLC samples, while FYCO1 and RFTN1 were highly expressed in normal samples, as evidenced by qRT-PCR results. Single-gene GSEA showed that diagnostic biomarkers were significantly associated with cell cycle, ABC transporter, immune cell differentiation, immune response, and multiple respiratory disease pathways. Further, a total of 141 drugs were predicted by the CTD to modulate the expression of diagnostic biomarkers, of which 8 drugs were the shared drugs for 3 diagnostic biomarkers.ConclusionsThis project provided 3 novel and powerful diagnostic biomarkers for SCLC based on the chr3 genes. Meanwhile, a guideline for the development and selection of drugs for clinical treatment based on diagnostic biomarkers was also included.
Hypothetical Failure of the Khassa Chai Dam and Flood Risk Analysis for Kirkuk, Iraq
Authors: Abdulrahman Kawa Zaidan , Faris Mariwan Redha , Ibrahim Hekmat , Yousif Omed , Ghafoor Alan , Othman Luqman , Karakouzian Moses
Published: November 2021

Many of Iraqi's high-hazard dams lack an Emergency Action Plan, which should include a flood inundation map to show which downstream areas would be flooded if the dams were to fail. This article presents the results of the simulation of a hypothetical 2D dam break for the 58 m high Khassa Chai dam in Kirkuk, Iraq, using HEC-RAS 2D 5.0.7 software. The Khassa Chai dam is situated 7.4 kilometers north of Kirkuk. The simulations revealed that the dam-break flood will affect eight major bridges and the majority of Kirkuk city's metropolitan neighborhoods. Within an hour, the floodwaters will reach the city's center. The flood hazard map revealed that if the Khassa Chai dam fails, many people, vehicles, and structures will be at danger. The findings of this paper can be used to identify evacuation routes and refuge sites as well as build suitable warning systems in order to limit the risk for fatalities if the Khassa Chai dam fails. Moreover, as the effect of modelling bridges downstream of failed dams has not been explored yet, to the knowledge of the authors, eight bridges have been modeled. It was concluded that ignoring bridges in such a large dam break model will not affect the results significantly, which saves the time of data collection and model development.
Experimental Study on Sdccag3 Regulating Osteogenesis and Adipogenic Differentiation of Rats Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells
Authors: Yuan Mengqi , Huo Fenglei , Ren Huiping , Guo Qiushuang , Lan Jing
Published: November 2021

Background

Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells have a metabolic balance between osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation. Sdccag3 is differentially expressed in hyperlipidemia rats, and it can be beneficial to the osteogenesis disorder caused by dyslipidemia, but the pathway mechanism and its influence on the differentiation have not been studied.
Methods

Here, we designed RT-PCR and Western Blot to determine the expression of Osteogenic and lipid gene, including ALP, Runx2, PPARγ FABP4 and so on, and then we performed microarray to evaluate the bone formation, calculate BV/TV. Simultaneously, we detected mRNA from the hyperlipidemia rat model we established to find the specific pathway mechanism.
Results

In this experiment, we found that high fat environment influences BMSCs differentiation. Sdccag3 overexpression upregulates the osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs and increased new bone formation.
Conclusion

Therefore, our findings show that Sdccag3 regulates osteogenesis and adipogenic differentiation of BMSCs.
Is The Healthy Eating Index-2015 Associated With Rheumatoid Arthritis?
Authors: Nayebi Atiyeh , Soleimani Davood , Mostafaei Shayan , Elahi Negin , Elahi Homayoun , Mahmoudi Mahdi , Nachvak Seyed Mostafa , Bagheri Amir
Published: November 2021

Objective: Healthy Eating Index-2015 (HEI-2015) is a multidimensional criterion of diet quality utilized to evaluate how well people’s dietary behaviors align with major recommendations of the 2015–2020 Dietary Guidelines for Americans. We aim to investigate the association between the diet quality and Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) activity.Design: Cross-sectional studySetting: This study was done on 184 patients with RA in rheumatology clinic in Kermanshah city, Iran, in 2020. RA was diagnosed according to the criteria of the 2010 American College of Rheumatology/ European League against Rheumatism. The overall quality diet was extracted from a validated 168-item food frequency questioner (FFQ) to calculate the HEI-2015 score. RA disease activity was assessed using Disease Activity Score 28 (DAS28) scores. One-way ANOVA and ANCOVA were done to find the associations.Participants: RA patientsResults: Individuals in the highest HEI-2015 quartile had a lower mean Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR) than those in the lowest quartiles of the HEI scores (P-value: 0.014). A linear trend towards decreasing waist circumference in patients was observed with increasing quartiles of the HEI-2015 scores (P-value= 0.005). After controlling for all potential confounders, patients in the highest HEI-2015 quartile had the lowest DAS28 scores than those in the lowest quartile of the HEI-2015 scores (Q1= 3.65; 95% CI= 3.29 – 4.02 vs. Q4= 2.35; 95% CI= 1.94 - 2.67; P-value<0.001).Conclusion: Our results indicated that following a high diet quality might be one of the therapeutic strategies to control or reduce the disease activity in RA patients.
Distinct Acute Unilateral Fibrinous Anterior Uveitis After Zoledronic Acid Infusion: A Case Report
Authors: Kaiser Klemens Paul , Turgut Ferhat , Becker Matthias Dieter , Dingerkus Vita Louisa Sophie
Published: November 2021

Purpose: To report a case of a distinct acute unilateral fibrinous anterior uveitis after zoledronic acid infusion.Methods: Case Report.Results: A 68-year-old woman presented with a burning, itching and reddened right eye with visual deterioration for about five days. She had received her first intravenous infusion of zoledronic acid the day before the onset of the symptoms. Her best-corrected visual acuity was 6/24. She was mainly treated with topical corticosteroids (prednisolone 1% eye drops and subconjunctival dexamethasone) and scopolamine 0.25 %. This treatment resulted in a significant improvement of the findings and symptoms within a few days.Conclusions: It is crucial that patients receiving bisphosphonates are accurately informed about the possibility of ocular inflammation, other inflammatory side effects and their symptoms to ensure early treatment.
Chained Multimediator Model of Sexual Orientation Disclosure, Sexual Minority Stigma, Sexual Minority Identity, Social Support, and Resilience among YMSMs
Authors: Tan Sumin , Cen Ping , Fang Ting , Yang Xing , Zhang Yun , Zhu Jiawen , Huang Haimei , Wang Min , Jiang Li , Mo Jieling , Ning Chuanyi
Published: November 2021

Introduction: This study aimed to investigate sexual orientation disclosure and mental health among young men who have sex with men (YMSMs). To this end, we constructed a chained multimediator model of sexual minority stigma, sexual minority identity, social support, and resilience, with the moderator of sexual orientation disclosure. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional survey of 345 YMSMs in Nanning, China. Univariate analysis was used to evaluate factors associated with sexual orientation disclosure. Sexual minority stigma was used to predict identity, with social support as the step 1 mediator and resilience as the step 2 mediator. Sexual minority identity was analyzed using a chained moderated mediation model; sexual orientation disclosure was included as a moderator in all models to control its confounding effect. Results: The average age of YMSMs was 20.0 ± 1.3 years. Univariate analysis indicated that YMSMs who disclosed sexual orientation may have experienced less stigma (15.49 ± 3.02 vs 16.21 ± 2.74), obtained more social support (65.98 ± 11.18 vs 63.19 ± 11.13), had strong psychological resilience (37.40 ± 8.57 vs 35.39 ± 7.73), and had a more positive self-identity (104.12 ± 21.10 vs 95.35 ± 16.67); differences between subgroups were statistically significant (p < 0.05). Sexual minority stigma, perceived stigma, and enacted stigma were significantly associated with social support and resilience. The association between sexual minority stigma and sexual minority identity was significantly mediated by social support (indirect effect [95% CI] = −3.307 [−4.782, −1.907]). Resilience significantly mediated the same association for identity (−2.544 [−4.052, −1.114]). The chained relationship from sexual minority stigma to social support, resilience, and identity was also significant, with an indirect effect of −0.404 [−0.621, −0.249]. Conclusion: Among YMSMs in China, sexual minority stigma affects sexual minority identity through social support and resilience. Given the psychological effects of stigma, social support and resilience must be considered to better promote positive self-identity and mental health among YMSMs.
Ultrasonographic Assessment of Entheseal Sites of Upper and Lower Extremities in Hemodialysis Patients using Madrid Sonography Enthesitis Index
Authors: Sabry Reham , Tharwat Samar , Nassar Mohammed Kamal , Eltoraby Ehab E
Published: November 2021

Background Musculoskeletal (MSK) complications are one of the most common health concerns that impact individuals on maintenance hemodialysis (HD). However, little is known about the entheseal involvement in HD patients. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence and distribution of entheseal ultrasonographic (US) alterations in HD patients and to evaluate the association between US findings and both clinical and laboratory data.Methods: This study was conducted on 41 HD and 23 sex- and age- matched controls. All HD patients and healthy controls were evaluated clinically to detect any clinical evidence of enthesopathy. Six entheses sites were scanned bilaterally using grey scale (GS) and power Doppler (PD) ultrasonography (US) and were scored using Madrid Sonography Enthesitis Index (MASEI) scoring system. Results:Clinical examination revealed at least one sign suggestive of enthesopathy in 69 (14.02) of 492 entheses in 41 HD patients. HD patients had statistically significant higher scores of stuctural tendon abnormalities (p<0.001), enthesis thickening (p<0.001), bone erosions (p<0.001) and calcification (p=0.037) than healthy controls. Total MASEI score was higher in HD patients than healthy controls (median ;18 vs 8, p<0.001), also, MASEI-inflammatory (median ;11 vs 3, p<0.001) and damage scores (median ;6 vs 0, p<0.001). There was a statistically significant positive association between total MASEI score and both age (p=0.032) and duration of HD (p=0.037). Duration of HD was predictive for both MASEI-damage component (p=0.004) and total MASEI score (p=0.014).Conclusions: There is a high prevalence of asymptomatic enthesopathy in HD patients. The burden of entheseal US alterations is much higher in HD patients than in healthy subjects. US can be helpful in the early detection of entheseal abnormalities. The duration of HD is the most significant predictor of enthesopathy in HD patients.
Characterisation of the Function of a SINE-VNTR-Alu Retrotransposon to Modulate Isoform Expression at the MAPT Locus
Authors: Fröhlich Alexander , Pfaff Abigail L. , Bubb Vivien J. , Koks Sulev , Quinn John P.
Published: November 2021

Background: SINE-VNTR-Alu retrotransposons represent one class of transposable elements which contribute to the regulation and evolution of the primate genome and have the potential to be involved in genetic instability and disease progression. However, these polymorphic elements have not been extensively analysed when addressing the missing heritability of neurodegenerative diseases, including Parkinson´s disease (PD) and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). SVA_67, a retrotransposon insertion polymorphism, is located in a 1.8 Mb region of high linkage disequilibrium, called the MAPT locus, which is known to contribute to increased risk of developing PD, frontotemporal dementia and other tauopathies. This study was conducted to investigate the role of SVA_67 in directing differential gene expression at this locus by characterising the impact of SVA_67 allele dosage on isoform expression of several genes in the MAPT locus.Methods:In this study, transcriptomic data from both the Parkinson’s Progression Markers Initiative and New York Genome Center Consortium Target ALS cohort were used. The Parkinson’s data was from gene expression in the blood and the ALS data from a variety of central nervous system (CNS) regions. The association of three different genotypes (AA, PA, PP) based on the presence (P) or absence (A) of SVA_67 was analysed. The unpaired Wilcoxon test was used to compare two independent groups of samples and to demonstrate statistical significance.Results: Using two different datasets for analysis, we could demonstrate that SVA_67 presence or absence was significantly associated with 1) changes in expression of multiple genes at this locus and 2) both differential isoform and tissue specific expression of these genes.Conclusions:This study highlights the importance of addressing SVA polymorphism in disease genetics to gain insight into a better understanding of the role of these regulatory domains to a variety of neurodegenerative diseases. Therefore, this study underlines an additional type of variation to be considered at the MAPT locus and an added layer of complexity when analysing the missing heritability of neurodegenerative diseases.
Design And Numerical Analysis of Morphing Airfoil With Corrugated Geometry In The Application MAV’s
Authors: Kumar Kishore , Nithisha Kanneti , Vivek Manvi , Simran Mohammad Saniya , Ra Ravi Sri
Published: November 2021

The main objective of the work is to enhance the aerodynamic performance during takeoff and cruise by using newly corrugated airfoil of MAV’s by Morphing it at the trailing edge. In this study, the transient nature of corrugated airfoils at low Reynolds number were assumed to be the flow is laminar, incompressible and two dimensional. The newly corrugated geometry which is parameterized from the camber line using a Radial basis function (RBF) based on interpolation method positioned at the lower surface of the airfoil i.e., NACA0015. Five morphed geometries are designed using ANSYS Space claimer. The computational domain is meshed using cartesian grid, the surface meshes with quadrilateral. Numerical simulations are performed with turbulent models i.e., k-omega, k-epsilon and Spalart allmaras. In the analysis, there is an increment of coefficient of lift and decrease in coefficient of drag by varying Reynolds number. Compared to NACA0015, corrugated NACA0015 shows good results.
Seasonal Analysis of Groundwater Samples from Borewells to Identify the Water Quality Index and its Comparative Statistical Analysis of Hunsur Taluk, Mysuru District, Karnataka, India.
Authors: Afshan Noushin , D Nagaraju , H.M Bhanuprakash , P Gagan Deep
Published: November 2021

Management and identification of groundwater quality are vital for the maintenance of freshwater sources in semi-arid and arid areas, which is important for sustainable development. Depending on the quality of the groundwater in various areas, the water quality control authorities can regulate the usage of water for either agriculture or drinking implementations since nearly 85% of India’s population is dependent on groundwater for their domestic and irrigation demand, particularly as a source of drinking in rural areas. This study is to explore and identify suitable areas for pumping groundwater for drinking and agricultural harvest from Hunsur taluk, Mysore district, Karnataka, India. A study of groundwater quality was conducted by analyzing the Water Quality Index (WQI) determined from 30 wells during two seasons of the year 2019 namely Pre-Monsoon and Post-Monsoon. The identification of the quality of water resources for irrigation and drinking purposes can be determined with the help of the Water Quality (WQI) index. The WQI index can be useful for the classification of the quality of drinking water as excellent, good, poor, very poor, or unsuitable for drinking. By using the Weighted Arithmetic Index methodwas calculated using the collected data, the analysis concludes that most of the groundwater samples harvested from the study area are ‘excellent water’, ‘good water’, and ‘poor water’. The IWQ index average for the study area is reported to be in the range of 17.35 to 65.64.
Delay-Induced Self-Organization Dynamics in a Prey-Predator Network with Diffusion
Authors: Hu Qing , Shen Jianwei
Published: November 2021

Time delays can induce the loss of stability and degradation of performance. In this paper, the pattern dynamics of a prey-predator network with diffusion and delay are investigated, where the inhomogeneous distribution of species in space can be viewed as a random network, and delay can affect the stability of the network system. Our results show that time delay can induce the emergence of Hopf and Turing bifurcations, which are independent of the network, and the conditions of bifurcation are derived by linear stability analysis. Moreover, we find that the Turing pattern can be related to the network connection probability. The Turing instability region involving delay and network connection probability is obtained. Finally, the numerical simulation verifies our results.
Mechanism Of Leptin On Impaired Ovarian Reserve Function After Cold Exposure In Female Rats
Authors: Wu Shuai , zhang li , Zhang Guanyu , Wei Wanting , Zhang Yongqiang , Li Xi , Yang Danfeng
Published: November 2021

Previous studies have shown that cold exposure can cause disturbance of estrus cycle in female rats. However, whether cold exposure can cause organic pathological damage to the reproductive system of female rats was undefined. Meanwhile there are few reports on the mechanism of decompensation in rat reproductive function after cold exposure. This study aims to further discuss how cold exposure impact female ovarian reserve function in rats. Female rats were randomly divided into control group and cold exposure group. Ovarian reserve function, differential genes in hypothalamus reproductive regulation center or peripheral were evaluated. After cold exposure, ovarian reserve function was impaired, follicle development was abnormal, the number of mature follicles decreased significantly, the key hypothalamic reproductive regulation molecule GnRH decreased significantly, the response of its regulatory receptor NPY-5R was down-regulated, and the peripheral hormone serum leptin, which is closely related to it, decreased significantly. Our results indicate that cold exposure can lead to impaired ovarian function in female rats, resulting from decrease in serum leptin cause by WAT leptin depletion, which can release the inhibitory of NPY in the hypothalamus, and further lead to the down-regulation of GnRH expression, resulting in the whole HPO axis.
Metabolic Acidosis & it’s connection with other diseases
Authors: Datta Sagarika
Published: November 2021

After long observation and analysis, a connection between metabolic acidosis and migraine have been found in a female patient. She is suffering from headache from childhood. As, headache is not the primary cause it was difficult to treat. Several medicines worked when patient takes the medicine regularly. Headache is back when the drug is stopped. As the root cause was not found and not treated, there are several other problems started happening like muscle pain, weak muscle, numbness etc. Long-term metabolic acidosis has effect on the Gastroesophageal & Gastrointestinal motility. For the patient, it was observed that “Metabolic Acidosis” is the indicator. Acidosis takes place first. There can be many reasons for metabolic acidosis, but with consistent disbalance of pH level in body it damages many areas of body. And there can be several diseases added to the list. Most importantly it interrupts the connection between CNS (Central nervous system) and ENS (Enteric nervous system). Due to this disconnection the signals coming from brain cannot reach the GI tract. Very few of the signals from (instruction to contract and relaxation of the GI tract) can reach. The fact is “Less signals, less motility” and the outcome is “lazy gut. There can exist false signals, wrong interpretations of the signals.
A Spike protein-based subunit SARS-CoV-2 vaccine for pets: safety, immunogenicity, and protective efficacy in juvenile cats
Authors: Tabynov Kairat , Orynbassar Madiana , Yelchibayeva Leila , Turebekov Nurkeldi , Yerubayev Toktassyn , Matikhan Nurali , Yespolov Tlektes , Petrovsky Nikolai , Tabynov Kaissar
Published: November 2021

Whereas multiple vaccine types have been developed to curb the spread of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) among humans, there are very few vaccines being developed for animals including pets. To combat the threat of human-to-animal, animal-to-animal and animal-to-human transmission and the generation of new virus variants, we developed a subunit SARS-CoV-2 vaccine which is based on recombinant spike protein extracellular domain expressed in insect cells then formulated with appropriate adjuvants. Sixteen 8-12-week-old outbred female and male kittens (n=4/group) were randomly assigned into four treatment groups: Group 1, Antigen alone; Group 2, Sepivac SWE™ adjuvant; Group 3, aluminum hydroxide adjuvant; Group 4, PBS administered control animals. All animals were vaccinated twice at day 0 and 14, intramuscularly in a volume of 0.5 mL (Groups 1-3: 5 µg of Spike protein). On days 0 and 28 serum samples were collected to evaluate anti-spike IgG, inhibition of spike binding to angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE-2), neutralizing antibodies to Wuhan-01 SARS-CoV-2 D614G (wild-type) and Delta variant viruses, and whole blood for hematology studies. At day 28, all groups were challenged with SARS-CoV-2 wild-type virus 106 TCID50 intranasally. On day 31, tissue samples (lung, heart, and nasal turbinates) were collected for histology, viral RNA detection and virus titration. Parameters evaluated in this study included safety, immunogenicity, and protection from infection with wild-type SARS-CoV-2 virus. After two immunizations, both vaccines induced high titers of serum anti-spike IgG, ACE-2 binding inhibitory and neutralizing antibodies against both wild-type and Delta variant virus in the juvenile cats. Both subunit vaccines provided protection of juvenile cats against virus shedding from the upper respiratory tract, and against viral replication in the lower respiratory tract and hearts. These promising data warrant ongoing evaluation of the vaccine’s ability to protect cats against SARS-CoV-2 Delta variant and in particular to prevent transmission of the infection to naïve cats, before proceeding with large-scale field trials.
COVID-19, inflammatory response, iron homeostasis and toxicity: a prospective cohort study in the Emergency Department of Piacenza (Italy).
Authors: Duca Lorena , Nava Isabella , Vallisa Daniele , Vadacca Giovanni Battista , Magnacavallo Andrea , Vercelli Andrea , Capelli Patrizio , Graziadei Giovanna , Banchini Filippo
Published: November 2021

Dysregulation of iron metabolism and hyper-inflammation are two key points in the pathogenesis of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Since high hepcidin levels and low serum iron can predict COVID-19 severity and mortality, we decided to investigate iron metabolism and inflammatory response in 32 COVID-19 adult patients with a diagnosis of COVID-19 defined by a positive result of RT-PCR nasopharyngeal swab, and admitted to an Italian emergency department for acute respiratory failure at different degree. Patients were stratified in 3 groups based on PaO2/FiO2 ratio at admission: 13 (41%) were normoxemic at rest and suffered from exertional dyspnea (group 1); 14 (44%) had a mild respiratory failure (group 2), and 5 (15%) a severe hypoxiemia (group 3). White blood cells were significantly higher in group 3, while lymphocytes and hemoglobin were significantly reduced. Serum iron, transferrin saturation, non-transferrin-bound iron (NTBI) and ferritin were significantly increased in group 2. All the groups showed high hepcidin levels, but in group 3 this parameter was significantly altered. It is noteworthy that in group 1 inflammatory and oxidative indices were both within the normal range. We are aware that our study has some limitations, the small number of enrolled patients and the short period of data collection, but few works have been performed in the Emergency Room. However, we strongly believe that our results confirm the pivotal role of both iron metabolism dysregulation and hyper-inflammatory response in the pathogenesis of tissue and organ damage in COVID-19 patients.
Prediction of Death After Multiple wasp Stings with a Clinical Prognostic Model
Authors: Wang Maohe , Qin Mei , Wang Amanda Y , Zhao Jia Wei , Deng Fei , Li Guisen , Wang Wei
Published: November 2021

Background: We aimed to assess the utility of the poisoning severity score (PSS) as early prognostic predictors in patients with wasp stings, and to explore a reliable and simple predictive tool for short-term outcomes.Methods: From January 2016 to December 2018, 363 patients with wasp stings in Suining Central Hospital were taken as research subjects. In the first 24h of hospital admission, the PSS and Chinese expert consensus on standardized diagnosis and treatment of wasp stings (CECC) were used as the criterion for severity classification, and their correlation was analyzed. The patients were divided into survival and death groups according to the state of discharge. The factors that affect outcome were analyzed by logistic regression analysis. A clinical prognostic model of death was constructed according to the risk factors, and 1000 times repeated sampling was done to include the data to verify the model internally.Results: The mortality of wasp sting patients was 3.9%. There was a correlation between PSS and CECC (r=0.435, P<0.001) for severity classification. Sex, age, number of stings, and PSS were independent risk factors for death. Based on the 4 independent risk factors screened by the above regression analysis, a nomogram model was constructed to predict the risk of death in wasp sting patients. The predicted value C-index was 0.962, and the internally verified AUC was 0.962(95%C.I. 0.936-0.988, P<0.001).Conclusions: PSS is helpful in the early classification of the severity of wasp stings. Sex, age, number of stings, and PSS were independent risk factors for death in wasp sting patients. The nomogram model established in this study can accurately predict the occurrence of the risk of death.
An Experimental Evaluation of Hybrid Learning Methodology based Internet of Things Assisted Health Care Monitoring System
Authors: Upreti Kamal , R MAHAVEERAKANNAN , Dinkar Raut Ranjana , Maurya Sudhanshu , Reddy Venkatramanan , N Thangadurai
Published: November 2021

In this modern world, every individual uses intelligent devices to lead a day-to-day activity intelligently. Using the latest technologies such as deep learning, the Internet of Things (IoT) forth provides standard prediction and communication abilities to the existing applications to properly provide rich support to the clients. Many commercial and non-commercial organizations almost adapt these technologies to modify their physical records digitally. This paper designed a novel health care monitoring scheme by adapting these technologies to provide an intelligent monitoring system to analyze patients over random instances with periodic intervals. This paper introduced a new learning-based scheme called Deviated Learning-based Health Analysis (DLHA), in which it combines the conventional algorithms such as Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) and the Support Vector Classification (SVM) logic in a transparent manner. The logical evaluations of the proposed approach called DLHA assessed by extracting the layers from the CNN, appending the classification logic of SVM into the CNN layers, and defining a new algorithm to predict patient health intelligently. The association of sensor-based smart device called Smart Health Indicator (SHI) provides significant support to the proposed approach with the association of intelligent sensors such as Heartbeat Analyzer, Body Temperature Estimation Sensor, Breath Sensor, Global Positioning System (GPS), and the useful Internet of Things enabled controller called ESP8266. Using this SHI kit, the patient details are monitoring instantly and reporting it to the remote server periodically to analyze the health summary without any interventions. The proposed deep learning strategy called DLHA acquires the data from the intelligent health care kit SHI and processes it using classification principles. The records collected from the kit were manipulated according to the process of the trained model generated from the previous testing samples of the patients. The dataset used in this system is generated dynamically from the real-time patient health record and processes the testing report of the patient accordingly. The processed record is appended into the dataset for further reference. The resulting section provides proper proof of the efficiency of the proposed approach in a transparent manner with graphical representations. For all this system is more significant to identify and monitor the health details of the patient in clear manner with proper specifications.
Influence of Different Encapsulating Materials on the Viability of Pediococcus Pentosaceus P107 Microencapsulated by Spray Drying
Authors: Bordini Fernanda Weber , Rosolen Michele Dutra , Luz Gabriela de Quadros da , de Oliveira Patrícia Diaz , Conceição Fabrício Rochedo , Fiorentini Ângela Maria , Silva Wladimir Padilha da , Pieniz Simone
Published: November 2021

This study evaluated the influence of whey isolated, and associated with pectin and xanthan gum as encapsulating agents for Pediococcus pentosaceus P107, by spray drying. In the storage test at temperatures of -20°C and 4°C the most viable microcapsule was WP (whey and pectin), but WX (whey and xanthan) presented better stability at 25°C, WX did not present itselft stable to ensure probiotic potential (< 6 Log CFU.mL-1) for 110 days. In the passage through the simulated gastrointestinal tract, the WX microcapsule stood out in all tested conditions, presenting high cellular viability. For the thermal resistance test, WP was shown to be efficient in the protection of P. pentosaceus P107 cells. The three microcapsules produced were able to protect the cellular viability of the microorganisms, as well as the drying parameters were suitable for both microencapsulation.
Adoption of Efficient Varieties, And Nitrogen Management For Improving Agronomic Attributes, And Yield of Winter Wheat
Authors: Noor Hafeez , Min Sun , Lin Wen , Gao Zhiqiang
Published: November 2021

This study greenhouse experiment aimed to evaluate the biochemical impact of nitrogen (N) fertilization on different wheat cultivars. The experiment included two varieties (YH-618 and YH-20410) and three nitrogen levels, (N0, N210, and N280 Kg ha–1. Our results indicated that wheat variety YH-20410 had the higher nitrogen uptake and efficiency, grain protein content, and yield at higher planting densities and will benefit farmers by forming stronger overall crops. For variety YH-20410, the soil water storage at the wintering stage was significantly highest at N280 kg ha–1, In conclusion, variety YH-20410, wheat higher dry matter accumulation of each organ at maturity stage, and the dry matter accumulation of leaf, stem + leaf sheath. Compared to N0 and N180 Kg ha–1, N210 kg ha–1 significantly increased the N harvest index by 5.0% to 19.4% and N use efficiency by 2.9% to 9.1%, but there was no significant difference in N uptake efficiency. In conclusion, variety YH-20410 was beneficial to improve the harvest index and N productivity of wheat. Variety YH-20410, has also the greater number of spike number, grains per spike and 1000-grain weight, leading to high grain yield. Among nitrogen treatments, N280 Kg ha–1 significantly increased the grain number per spike, 1000-grain weight and yield. Significantly increased grain gluten content, grain protein content and protein yield under of YH-20410 variety. In conclusion, reduced N fertilizer 280 kg ha–1 and variety YH-20410 was beneficial to the improved the leaf area index, plant height, soil water storage, dry matter accumulation, and grain yield.
Organochlorine Pesticides and Polychlorinated Biphenyls in High Mountain Lakes, Mexico
Authors: García-Solorio Liliana , Muro Claudia , Rosa Isaías De La , Amador-Muñoz Omar , Ponce-Vélez Guadalupe
Published: November 2021

Pollution levels of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) were investigated in the El Sol and the La Luna alpine lakes. The lakes are located in central Mexico, in the crater of the Nevado de Toluca volcano. The El Sol and the La Luna lakes are extremely relevant in Mexico and in the world because they are recognized as pristine regions and environmental reservoirs. Samples of atmospheric aerosol, sediment, plankton, and Tubifex tubifex were collected at three different sample locations for three years (2017, 2018, and 2019) at three different times of year, meaning that the weather conditions at the time of sampling were different. Pollutants were analysed by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry with negative chemical ionisation (GC-MS/NCI). Endosulfan was the most frequent and abundant pollutant, showing the highest peaks of all. Atmospheric aerosol revealed Σ2 = 45 pg/m3, including α and β, while sediment lakes displayed α, β and endosulfan sulphate as Σ3 = 1963 pg/g, whereas plankton and Tubifex tubifex showed Σ2 = 576 pg/g and 540 pg/g for α and β respectively. Results of endosulfan ratios (α/β) and (α-β/endosulfan sulphate) suggest that both fresh and old discharges continue to arrive at the lakesThis study shows for the first time the pollution levels of OCP and PCB in high mountain lakes in Mexico. These results that must be considered by policy makers to mitigate their use in the various productive activities of the region.
Impact of Single-port Laparoscopic Approach on Postoperative Pain and Cosmesis for Acute Appendicitis: A Comparison with Multi-port Laparoscopic Approach
Authors: Kim Kyeong Eui , Cho In Soo , Bae Sung Uk , Jeong Woon Kyung , Kim Hyung Jin , Baek Seong Kyu
Published: November 2021

Background: Acute appendicitis is the most common surgical abdominal emergency. Single-port laparoscopic appendectomy (SPLA) has been suggested potential advantages including less postoperative pain and better cosmesis. The aim of this study was to compare the postoperative pain and cosmetic outcomes between SPLA and multi-port laparoscopic appendectomy (MPLA) for acute appendicitis.Materials and methods: The study included 47 patients who underwent SPLA and 51 patients who underwent MPLA for acute appendicitis between August 2014 and November 2017. The patient scar assessment questionnaire (PSAQ) was used to assess cosmetic outcomes. Results: MPLA involved a longer median operative time than MPLA (60 vs. 47.5 minutes, p=0.02). There were no apparent differences in the time before diet tolerance, length of hospital stay, inflammatory laboratory findings including C-reactive protein and white blood cell count, and postoperative complication rate. SPLA patients had a smaller total incision length (2.0 vs. 2.5 cm, p<0.001) and the total number of analgesics used on postoperative day 0 in the SPLA group was significantly lower than that of the MPLA group (1 vs. 1, p=0.011). The PSAQ scores showed that the SPLA group had a better overall outcome than the MPLA group with respect to total score (48 vs. 55; p = 0.026), appearance (15 vs. 18; p = 0.002) and consciousness (8 vs. 10; p = 0.005), but not in the satisfaction with appearance and symptoms subscales.Conclusion: SPLA is safe and feasible and provides better cosmetic outcomes and less analgesic requirements on the day of surgery compared to MPLA.
Islamska filozofija na Zapadu: kritička analiza recentnih studija
Authors: Šadić Rusmir
Published: November 2021

Krajem XX. i početkom XXI. stoljeća porastao je znanstveni interes za probleme islamske filozofije, osobito vidljiv na Zapadu gdje susrećemo nova ostvarenja već afirmiranih autora, ali i vrijedne studije znanstvenika mlađe generacije koji kreiraju sasvim novi krug stručnjaka unutar područja islamske filozofije. Naš je cilj u ovom radu ponuditi analizu najznačajnijih studija o islamskoj filozofiji tijekom prva dva desetljeća XXI. stoljeća, a na temelju naznačavanja najvažnijih naslova,
čiji sadržaj i kritika ih preporučuju kao paradigmatske. Kritička istraživanja ispisana na Zapadu s početka XXI. stoljeća pokazuju da islamska filozofija i u svojoj najrecentnijoj fazi ostaje dominantno vezana za metafizičke i epistemološke probleme karakteristične za klasično muslimansko filozofsko mišljenje. Među brojnim autorima, djela Seyyeda Hosseina Nasra, Petera Adamsona, Massima Campaninija, Richarda Taylora i Iana Richarda Nettona uzimamo kao referentan okvir za predstavljanje zacrtanog zadatka.