bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
DYNAMICS OF CHANGES OF CREATINE KINASE DURING BLOCKED INTRAMEDULLARY OSTEOSYNTHESIS OF THE TIBIA
Authors: A.A. Tyhonenko , A.V. Tkach
Published: July 2024

The aim of this research to study the level of creatine kinase in patients with fractures of the tibia before blocking intramedullary osteosynthesis, during surgical treatment and in the postoperative period to assess the condition of muscle tissue, data compliance, and the effectiveness of prevention of the development of local hypertensive ischemic syndrome. The work is based on the study of the results of treatment of 40 patients with diaphyseal fractures of the tibia, who underwent blocked intramedullary osteosynthesis. The creatine kinase level was determined before surgery, during surgery, 24 and 48 hours after surgery. The patients of the control group underwent preventive fasciotomy during surgical treatment. The following results were obtained in patients of the main group: the total level of creatine kinase before surgery was 155±21 mIU/L in women, 182 ±14 mIU/L in men. During the blocked intrameddulary syntesis, we obtained the following data: in female patients, the creatine kinase level was 190 ± 13 mIU/L, in men - 242 ±12 mIU/L. 24 hours after surgery, in female patients, the creatine kinase level was 221±14 mIU/L, in male patients – 271±12 mIU/L. After 48 hours, the creatine kinase level in female patients was 160±6 mIU/L, in male patients - 180±7 mIU/L. In the control group, the indicators were as follows: before surgery, the QC level in female patients was 150±14 mIU/L, in male patients – 185±11 mIU/L. During surgery, the creatine kinase level was 188±11 mIU/L, in men 244±10 mIU/L. 24 hours after surgery, the following data were obtained: in female patients, the creatine kinase level was 250±11 mIU/L, in male patients – 300±14 mIU/L. After 48 hours, the creatine kinase index in patients was 235±12 mIU/L, in men, respectively, 252±14 mIU/L. According to sources, an increase in creatine kinase of more than 50% of the reference values indicates damage to muscle tissue. The data obtained indicate significantly lower creatine kinase values in patients who underwent preventive closed fasciotomy. The subfascial pressure study was carried out using a Stryker device in several stages. The results obtained allow us to conclude that the study of creatine kinase levels is effective in controlling the clinical course of local hypertensive ischemic syndrome.
EPIDEMIOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF BREAST CANCER AND FEATURES OF MEDICAL CARE FOR WOMEN IN THE CHUKOTKA AUTONOMOUS OKRUG
Authors: V.R. Losev , A.L. Sannikov , M.A. Kashunina , Y.S. Tsvetkova , R.V. Kubasov
Published: July 2024

Relevance. Breast cancer is one of the first places among all types of oncological pathology both in the Russian Federation and around the world. At the same time, over the past decade there has been a significant increase in the incidence of this pathology; the average annual growth rate in the Russian Federation reached up to 1.72%, which is a very worrying sign. The aim of the study is analysis of the morbidity and mortality rates from breast cancer in the female population of the Chukotka Autonomous Okrug, as well as identification of the features of medical care and prevention of identified malignant neoplasms of the breast in the study area. Materials and methods. The analysis was carried out on the basis of information materials from the Unified Interdepartmental Information and Statistical System, the Federal State Statistics Service, and documents from regional executive authorities in the field of healthcare. Statistical indicators of morbidity and mortality from malignant breast diseases in women from 2011 to 2021 (per 100,000 population) were studied; the results obtained in the region were compared with those in the Russian Federation as a whole. To assess the general and annual trend, its degree of reliability, a trend line was constructed and the value of the approximation coefficient R2 was calculated, which in all cases turned out to be acceptable. The results of the study. Morbidity and mortality from malignant neoplasms of the breast in women living in the Chukotka Autonomous Okrug differed significantly from the national average. The annual changes in the region had quite sharp fluctuations. However, in general, the trend line did not have sufficient positive characteristics. In addition, higher morbidity and mortality rates in the region, compared with the national average, can be considered a negative point.
STUDY OF THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF LEAVES AND FRUITS OF MOMORDICS CHARANTIA, GROWING IN KRASNODAR REGION
Authors: E.B. Nikiforova , A.I. Shevchenko , K.V. Gorkovenko , A.S. Dolgova
Published: July 2024

Momordica charantia L. is an annual climbing herbaceous plant of the pumpkin family (Cucurbitaceae), which is quite successfully cultivated in various areas with a temperate climate, including in the Krasnodar Territory. Along with the fact that the plant belongs to the food category, in folk medicine the fruits and leaves of Momordica charantia are used for diabetes, skin diseases, rheumatism, gout, and also as an anthelmintic and laxative. Data on the hypoglycemic effect of Momordica charantia fruit extract have been published, indicating its positive effect on insulin production, glucose metabolism, free fatty acid levels and kidney health in animal experiments and in clinical practice in patients with diabetes mellitus. The therapeutic activity of this plant is due to the rich composition of biologically active substances (BAS), which is characterized by the content of triterpene glycosides of the cucurbitan type, phenolic compounds, organic acids, fatty oil, proteins, lectins, pectin, inulin, alkaloids, macro- and microelements. As is known, the qualitative composition and quantitative content of biologically active substances in plant objects can vary significantly depending on the place of its growth and growing conditions. In this regard, it seemed appropriate to study the representation of a number of groups of chemical compounds in the fruits and leaves of Momordica charantia growing in the Krasnodar region. Among the biologically active substances that are essential for the prevention and treatment of various diseases are organic acids and minerals. Organic acids have anti-inflammatory, antiseptic, choleretic, and keratolytic effects. Minerals play an active role in the metabolism of proteins, lipids and carbohydrates, act as cofactors in chemical reactions, are part of cellular and skeletal structures, and participate in ensuring osmotic pressure and acid-base balance. The purpose of the study was to study the organic acids and minerals of the leaves and fruits of Momordica charantia, growing in the Krasnodar region. When carrying out the research, we used the leaves and fruits of Momordica charantia, harvested in the Krasnodar region and dried in the air-shadow method. The study was carried out by capillary electrophoresis using a Kapel-105M device (JSC NPF Lumex, Russia) with a quartz capillary Leff/Ltotal=50/60 cm, ID=75 µm. As a result of the research, the qualitative and quantitative composition of organic acids and minerals of the leaves and fruits of Momordica charantia, growing in the Krasnodar region, was studied. The presence of substances of these groups in combination with other biologically active substances is of scientific and practical interest from the point of view of the prospects for creating functional products for various purposes based on regional resources of the momordica.
DEVELOPMENT OF A METHOD FOR IDENTIFICATION AND EVALUATION OF THE QUANTITATIVE CONTENT OF ESSENTIAL OIL IN THE CONIFEROUS JUNIPER
Authors: A.R. Ermakov , O.V. Nesterova , E.S. Ternovskaia
Published: July 2024

The aim of the study is to develop methods for the identification of terpenoids and to assess the quantitative content of essential oil in the conifers of juniper, fresh and dried by air-shade drying. The object of the study were samples of needles of juniper. The raw materials were used fresh and dried. To carry out qualitative reactions, well-known methods were selected, which are most often used in the analysis of essential oil raw materials. The identification of essential oil components was carried out by TLC method on Silufol plates. A-pinene solution was used as a standard. The quantitative content of essential oil in the raw material was determined by steam distillation in accordance with the OFS method.1.5.3.00010.15. Determination of the essential oil content in medicinal plant raw materials and medicinal herbal preparations. The authors proposed qualitative reactions for the identification of terpenoids in raw materials, which can be used to form the "Authenticity" section for a new type of raw material-needles of juniper. A-pinene was identified by the TLC method. A quantitative assessment of the essential oil content in fresh and dried raw materials was carried out. A decrease in the content of essential oil during drying of raw materials was revealed.
Qualitative reactions were selected experimentally to confirm the presence of terpenoids in alcoholic extracts from juniper needles, as well as unsaturated compounds in essential oil obtained by steam distillation. The TLC method identified a-pinene in the analyzed samples. The presence of additional 11 adsorption zones in the samples of essential oil obtained from fresh raw materials and 9 in samples from dried raw materials was also revealed. The results obtained indicate changes in the composition of the terpenoid fraction occurring during the drying process and actualize further research in this direction. Assessment of the quantitative content of essential oil in the raw material, carried out according to the method 2 of the OFS.1.5.3.00010.15 "Determination of the essential oil content in medicinal plant raw materials and medicinal plant preparations", showed a decrease in the essential oil content in all dried samples compared with fresh raw materials. The data obtained during the experiment allow us to recommend the inclusion of an essential oil content of at least 1% in the quality indicators of juniper needles, as well as optimize the drying mode to better ensure the preservation of essential oil in raw materials.
FACTORS INFLUENCING THE DEVELOPMENT OF PROFESSIONAL BURNOUT AMONG MEDICAL STAFF AND ITS IMPACT ON THE QUALITY OF MEDICAL CARE IN SECOND-LEVEL TRAUMA CENTRES
Authors: N.N. Voznesenskaya , V.M. Manuilov , E.P. Kakorina
Published: July 2024

This study draws attention to the real problem of professional burnout among medical professionals, especially those providing emergency care in trauma centres. The aim of the study was to identify factors influencing emotional burnout in doctors and to develop methods for its diagnosis and prevention. The study was carried out in a level 2 trauma centre and the results showed the absence of emotional burnout syndrome in the participants at the time of the study. Correlation analysis revealed the relationship between the level of emotional burnout and individual personal characteristics of the workers. The conclusion emphasizes the importance of development of professional and personal qualities of medical specialists, as well as the need to take into account their inclinations and motivational readiness for successful work and prevention of professional burnout.
THE STUDY OF THE ESSENTIAL OIL OF PINUS PUMILA (PALL.) REGEL
Authors: D.K. Gulyaev , P.S. Mashchenko , V.D. Belonogova
Published: July 2024

Cedar elfin Pinus pumila (Pall.) Regel of the pine family – Pinaceae is a widespread plant in Eastern Siberia and the Russian Far East. Most studies of cedar elfin are devoted to the study of needles and woody greenery. Pine cones remain a poorly studied object, the chemical composition of which requires serious study to determine the prospects for further use. The aim of the work is to study the component composition and essential oil content in pine cones. To study the essential oil, samples of pine cones were harvested on the territory of the Magadan region, the Olsky urban district. The determination of the essential oil content in cones was carried out according to the methods of the State Pharmacopoeia of the XV edition. The component composition of the essential oil was determined using an Agilent 7890A gas chromatograph with a mass-selective detector. As a result of the study, it was found that a Clevenger device should be used to determine the content of essential oil in pine cones. The content of essential oil in cones is highest in July, slightly less in August, and in September there is no essential oil in the raw material. It has been established that July is the most favorable period for harvesting pine cones. The main component of the essential oil of pine cones is limonene. The proportion of the main component of the essential oil of pine cones, limonene, is higher in July, and the proportion of the undesirable component 3–karen increases in essential oil in August. The high content of limonene in the essential oil samples is a good prerequisite for further research and development of finished products.
EFFICIENCY RELEASE OF SUPRASPINATUS NERVE DURING ARTHROSCOPIC REPAIR IN POSTTRAUMATIC RUPTURE OF THE SUPRASPINAL MUSCLE TENDON
Authors: A.R. Giniyatov , K.A. Egiazaryan , V.O. Tamazyan , A.P. Ratiev , A.A. Povaliy
Published: July 2024

Supraspinatus injuries may be associated with traction injury to the suprascapular nerve, potentially responsible for rotator cuff pain or weakness and as a consequence have an impact on early recovery from tendon suture. Purpose: to study the results of release of the suprascapular nerve in the superior notch of the scapula during arthroscopic repair surgery of the supraspinatus tendon of the shoulder joint depending of the extent of damage. Materials and methods: The study included 121 patients. The patients were divided into 2 groups. Group A consisted of patients who underwent arthroscopic repair of the supraspinatus tendon. Group B included patients who underwent the same operation with additional release of the suprascapular nerve in the superior notch of the scapula. An assessment was made before surgery using the DASH (Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand) and VAS (visual analogue scale) scales, and then at 1, 6, 12 months after surgery and the degree of dystrophy according to the Goutallier classification in T1-weighted MRI before surgery, and then 3, 6, 12 months after surgery. Results: The difference between the groups according to Goutalier classification in the third month after surgery was 0.04, according to the VAS assessment in the first month after surgery was p < 0.01, and at the same period a statistically significant difference was found in the DASH assessment (p = 0.01). Discussion: There are conflicting results regarding the issue being studied. This is explained by the lack of knowledge of pathophysiological processes in this area, as well as the high level of evidence of published studies. Conclusion: Additional release of the supraspinatus nerve in the scapular notch during repair of the supraspinatus muscle is effective in the early stages of recovery, and is also of greatest importance in cases of massive tears.
MATHEMATICAL MODELLING IN THE DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS OF ANEMIA OF CHRONIC DISEASES AND IRON DEFICIENCY ANEMIA IN PATIENTS WITH INFLAMMATORY JOINT DISEASES
Authors: V.T. Sakhin , E.V. Kryukov , S.P. Kazakov , A.V. Gordienko , A.V. Sotnikov , D.V. Nosovich , O.A. Rukavitsyn
Published: July 2024

Aim. To develop based on the indicators of clinical blood tests, some biochemical markers, iron metabolism and cytokines a mathematical model that allows with high sensitivity and specificity to conduct differential diagnosis of anemia of chronic diseases (AHD) and iron deficiency anemia (IDA) in patients with inflammatory joint diseases (rheumatoid arthritis (RA), psoriatic arthritis (PSA), ankylosing spondylitis (AS)).
Material and methods. The study included 104 patients with inflammatory joint diseases and anemic syndrome (37 males/67 females, age 48.4±5.42 years old), of which 54 patients with RA, 27 patients with PSA and 23 patients with AS. The control group consisted of 22 patients with inflammatory diseases of the joints without anemia (13 males/9 females, age 47.8±3.55 years old), of which 7 patients with RA, 10 with PSA, 5 with AS. For all patients, in addition to hemogram parameters, the concentrations of interleukin-6, interleukin-10, interleukin-1β, interferon-gamma, tumor necrosis factor alpha, ferritin, C-reactive protein, hepcidin, transferrin, soluble transferrin receptor were determined. For quantitative indicators, the median, standard error of the mean, and interquartile range was calculated. The significance of differences between several unrelated groups was determined using the Kruskal-Wallis test. The calculation of a mathematical model for the differential diagnosis of ACD and IDA was carried out using discriminant analysis.
Results. As a result of the study, a canonical linear discriminant function (CLDF) was obtained:
CLDF = 1.612171-0.002725× Hepcidin -0.005429× Ferritin
The coordinates of the centroids are calculated, for ACD it is -1.44222008, and for IDA it is 1.52705656. A patient whose CLDF value is determined based on ferritin and hepcidin concentrations should be classified into the ACD or IDA group based on the minimum distance to the corresponding centroid. The resulting mathematical model has 100% sensitivity and 80% specificity.
Conclusions. The equation based on hepcidin and ferritin (obtained from the results of discriminant analysis) allows, with high sensitivity, specificity and information ability, to carry out differential diagnosis of ACD and IDA in patients with inflammatory joints diseases instantly at the stage of initial contact with the doctor. Using of the equation will make it possible to more effectively diagnose and correct these types of anemia in this pathology, including for the purpose of more effective treatment.
TREATMENT OF IRON DEFICIENCY ANEMIA AND FOLATE DEFICIENCY IN YOUNG CHILDREN
Authors: M.V. Kurshina , L.I. Mazur , A.G. Mokeev , E.V. Кalinina
Published: July 2024

Anemia is a global health problem worldwide associated with high morbidity and mortality rates and an increase in the number of hospitalizations. The article reflects the prevalence of grade 1 iron deficiency anemia and folate deficiency in children from 0 to 36 months of age, presents the latest data on the clinical efficacy of a drug containing iron protein succinylate and calcium folinate pentahydrate in this category of children in the treatment of grade 1 iron deficiency anemia and folate deficiency. The study monitored blood changes in children from 0 to 36 with grade 1 iron deficiency anemia and folate deficiency before and after treatment with a drug containing iron protein succinylate and calcium folinate pentagiomrate, and justified the pharmacoeconomical expediency of prescribing this drug from the point of view of the patient and the doctor.
HISTAMINE AS A MARKER OF CARDIORENAL SYNDROME
Authors: M.V. Kozhevnikova , Е.О. Korobkova , D.A. Kutsakina , A.L. Panova , S.A. Appolonova
Published: July 2024

Currently, the combination of chronic heart failure (CHF) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) is considered within the framework of the cardiorenal syndrome, which is associated with a high risk of adverse outcomes. The purpose of this work is to is determine the concentration of one of the most important biologically active substances – histamine and assess histamine level in patients with cardiovascular and renal pathology. The study included 498 patients: 315 patients of the main group suffering from cardiovascular diseases, some of them also having CKD; comparison group – 83 healthy patients. The levels of histamine in the blood plasma of patients were assessed by high-performance liquid chromatography combined with mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS). Based on the results of the analysis, the following data were obtained: plasma levels of histamine in patients with cardiovascular diseases were lower than in healthy patients. The lowest concentration was observed in the group of patients with CHF. Also it was found, that histamine levels are significantly associated with the presence of CKD, while a correlation analysis of histamine levels and laboratory parameters revealed a direct correlation of moderate strength between histamine levels and glomerular filtration rate (GFR) (r=0,421, p<0,000001). The results indicate the role of histamine in the pathogenesis of the cardiorenal syndrome, which requires further research in this direction.
RISK FACTORS FOR PREMATURE AGING OF WOMANS FACES
Authors: Y.A. Mezentsev
Published: July 2024

Of course, aging is a normal physiological process of the body's extinction, while there are no unambiguously effective methods that completely stop it. However, premature aging in some ways goes beyond the norm, because with an increase in the quality and duration of life, people have a younger appearance than their ancestors at their same age. Most of all, the external signs of premature aging are expressed on the face, which is becoming a widespread problem, and a comprehensive study of this aspect is one of the burning issues of modern medical science. Goal. The study of recent studies highlighting the problem of premature aging, as well as exogenous and endogenous risk factors. The mechanisms of the development of premature aging have a multifactorial basis. The prerequisites for the development of premature aging of the face were studied, the most significant exogenous and endogenous factors that increase the risk of this pathology were considered; risk groups were identified. An analysis of past and current studies has shown that in order to predict and prevent premature aging, a variety of both conjugate and independent indicators should be taken into account. As a result of consideration of factors of various nature, unambiguous mechanisms of premature aging have not yet been established. In the future, it is necessary to study in depth the problem of early aging, as well as the relationship of all risk factors among themselves.
THE CHOICE OF TECHNOLOGY FOR OBTAINING AN EXTEMPORAL DOSAGE FORM FROM RAW BLACK CURRANT (RIBES NIGRI CORMUS)
Authors: O.V. Yaborova , V.D. Belonogova , I.V. Alekseeva
Published: July 2024

When studying a new type of raw material, a rational choice of dosage form plays an important role in order to obtain a pronounced pharmacological effect. Black currant (Ribes nigrum L.) belongs to the family Grossulariaceae – gooseberries. This is one of the most common berry crops both in industrial gardens and in private plots. Black currant shoots, as easily accessible raw materials, are of interest for study in order to establish the possibility of their use in scientific medicine. The article presents the results of the choice of technology for obtaining an extemporal dosage form from black currant shoots. The content of biologically active substances (BAS) in raw materials – black currant shoots, as well as the yield of BAS: flavonoids, polysaccharides, tannins and ascorbic acid in the infusion and decoction of currant shoots was investigated. The content of flavonoids was determined by differential spectrophotometry on the SF-2000 spectrophotometer, polysaccharides by gravimetric method, tannins and ascorbic acid by titrimetric method using pharmacopoeial techniques. The content of BAS in the raw materials – black currant shoots: for flavonoids - 2.64%, polysaccharides – 27.85%, tannins – 8.98% and ascorbic acid – 0.8%; in the infusion: flavonoids – 1.98%, polysaccharides – 25.67%, tannins – 7.89%, ascorbic acid – 0.6%; and in decoction of currant shoots: flavonoids – 1.65%, polysaccharides – 23.88%, tannins – 8.89%, ascorbic acid – 0.4%. Based on the conducted research, it was concluded that the infusion is the optimal extemporal medicinal form of black currant shoots, since it contains the largest amount of biologically active substances, and is promising for further study for use in medical practice.
LONG-TERM EFFECTIVENESS OF ENHANCED EXTERNAL COUNTERPULSATION IN PATIENTS WITH ISCHEMIC CHRONIC HEART FAILURE
Authors: A.S. Lishuta , N.A. Nikolaeva , Yu.N. Belenkov
Published: July 2024

Aim. To study the long-term effect of complex therapy with the addition of enhanced external counterpulsation (EECP) on exercise tolerance, quality of life and systolic heart function in patients with ischemic chronic heart failure (CHF).
Material and methods. Patients with ischemic CHF NYHA class II-III (n=20) included in the study. Patients, in addition to optimal medical therapy, were treated with EECP (35 hours, the standard protocol, 1 course every 6 months). The duration of observation was 5 years. Baseline, 12, 24, 36, 48 and 60 months performed assessment of NT-proBNP level, clinical status, exercise tolerance (6-minute walk test – 6MWT), quality of life (Minnesota Living with Heart Failure Questionnaire – MLHFQ), left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) according to echocardiography. The composite primary endpoint (CPE) included adverse cardiovascular events, new cases of atrial fibrillation (AF), diabetes mellitus (DM), decreased renal function, and hospitalizations due to CHF.
Results. During the observation period (60 months), significant stable positive dynamics were noted in exercise tolerance (6MWT distance increased by 59.3%), clinical status, LVEF, NT-proBNP level, quality of life (MLHFQ). The incidence of myocardial infarction was 5%, revascularization – 15%, new cases of AF – 5%, decreased renal function – 10%, hospitalizations for CHF – 35%. There were no cases of strokes, deaths or new cases of diabetes. The prevalence of CPE was 70% over a 5-year period.
Conclusion. A stable positive effect of EECP treatment of patients with ischemic heart failure on functional status and clinical outcomes has been demonstrated.
INFLUENCE OF GENERAL SOMATIC FACTORS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF COMPLICATED CATARACTS AND GLAUCOMA IN THE BACKGROUND OF PSEUDOEXFOLIATIVE SYNDROME (LITERATURE REVIEW).
Authors: M.A. Frolov , B.B. Bekmirova
Published: July 2024

The variety of surgical methods, modified approaches, and modern advances make it possible to predict the outcome of the intraoperative course in cataract and glaucoma surgery with minimal risk of complications. Interest in pseudoexfoliation syndrome will not subside and research and observations will be carried out at a broad clinical level, as the trend towards increasing life expectancy in the middle and older population continues. Pseudoexfoliation syndrome is a complex multifactorial process that is associated with cataracts and glaucoma. The etiology of PES remains unclear, despite the modern approach, the centuries-long development of clinical ophthalmology, non-nophysiology, and molecular biology. However, later, scientists, having discovered deposited abnormal material in internal organs and tissues, came to the conclusion that this syndrome is a systemic disorder of connective tissue metabolism. According to some authors, factors contributing to the development of this syndrome may be bad habits (smoking for many years), chronic somatic pathologies, mainly cardiovascular diseases, endocrinological pathologies, hypertension, atherosclerotic deposits, vascular aneurysms. Other authors have studied the risk of developing glaucoma with comorbid pathologies, noting the high incidence of cardiac and cerebrovascular pathologies. Comorbid pathologies can often increase intraocular fluid, which in turn can provoke the development of transient hypertension. The authors, comparing pseudoexfoliation syndrome with primary open-angle glaucoma, noted the influence of somatic conditions on orbital blood flow, which can also disrupt the hydrodynamics of the eye in the long term. In glaucoma and cataract surgery, there are various surgical, drug and non-drug approaches to improve the condition of the visual organ. This review describes the developments of various technologies, modified approaches, and the development of surgical instruments to solve complex problems for the surgeon.
STUDY OF POLYSACCHARIDES OF BLACK CURRANT SHOOTS AND LEAVES
Authors: O. V. Yaborova , V.D. Belonogova , I.V. Alekseeva , S.A. Sosnina
Published: July 2024

Medicinal plants occupy a special place among the sources of pharmaceutical substances. Long-term experience of folk, traditional and official medicine of different countries confirms the effectiveness of the use of medicines of plant origin for the prevention and treatment of various diseases. Advantages of their use in comparison with the products of chemical synthesis, determine the relevance of expanding the nomenclature of currently used medicines by means of studying new plant species. Black currant shoots, as easily available for harvesting raw materials, are of interest for study in order to establish the possibility of their use in scientific medicine, so at the Department of Pharmacognosy FGBOU VO "PGFA" Ministry of Health of Russia conducted studies of shoots and leaves of black currant. The article presents the results of isolation and chemical study of polysaccharides of shoots and leaves of black currant wild and cultivated by paper chromatography and spectrophotometry. It is established that this carbohydrate complex is represented by water-soluble polysaccharides (WPS), pectin substances (PS), hemicelluloses (HC). The qualitative composition of monosaccharides by fractions was established. The presence of galactose, glucose, fructose, arabinose, rhamnose in fractions of GRPS and SP and glucose and xylose in HC was proved. The quantitative content of polysaccharide fractions was studied. The predominant fraction in the polysaccharide complex of shoots and leaves of black currant is pectin substances.
ASSESSMENT OF MICROCIRCULATORY DISORDERS BY LASER DOPPLER FLOWMETRY IN GYNECOLOGICAL DISEASES (REVIEW)
Authors: P.H. Gadzhieva , L.V. Dikareva
Published: July 2024

Currently, one of the most developing diagnostic areas is the study of microcirculation. The main interest for doctors is local changes in microcirculation, which occur directly in the organ under study. Due to the fact that vascular disorders play an important role in the pathogenesis of gynecological diseases, an assessment of the state of microcirculation in patients with various diseases is of great importance for obtaining new data on the development of pathology and choosing a treatment strategy, as well as for evaluating the effectiveness of therapy. Laser doppler flowmetry is a non–invasive method for diagnosing microcirculatory disorders. And today, this research method is successfully used in cardiology, pulmonology, therapy, diabetology, oncology, urology, ophthalmology, gastroenterology, dermatology, dentistry, pediatrics, obstetrics and gynecology, infectology and other fields of medicine. Laser doppler flowmetry has no contraindications for use. The choice of the research object is directly determined by the tasks of functional diagnostics in each specific case. In addition, the method of laser doppler flowmetry can be successfully applied in conjunction with other methods to assess microcirculation, which not only does not contradict the research results, but on the contrary, confirms its effectiveness. There are various manifestations of microcirculation disorders, namely: hyperemic, spastic, spastic-atonic, structurally degenerative, stagnant and stasis forms. The article summarizes the data of the scientific literature on microcirculation disorders in patients with various gynecological diseases. The technique of laser doppler flowmetry for assessing local changes in the microcirculation of the pelvic organs is presented, and the results of the clinical use of this method are also presented.
STUDY OF THE ELEMENTAL COMPOSITION OF BLACK CURRANT SHOOTS AND EXTRACT OF LEAVES AND SHOOTS OF DRY CURRANT
Authors: O.V. Yaborova , V.D. Belonogova , I.V. Alekseeva
Published: July 2024

Aim. The study of new promising types of plant raw materials in order to establish the possibility of its further use in medicine is one of the priorities. Numerous studies have shown the presence of a rich elemental composition of plant raw materials, which can be used in medical and pharmaceutical practice to create phytopreparations and biologically active additives to correct the physiological norms of the content of elements in the human body [1]. In this regard, a comparative study of the elemental composition of black currant shoots and extract of leaves and shoots of dry currant is of practical interest for the further development of dosage forms and the formation of a scientific justification for their use in medical practice. The qualitative and quantitative composition of the elements of black currant shoots and extract of leaves and currant shoots was studied using X-ray fluorescence spectrometry on the X-ray fluorescence spectrometer of the QUANT'X brand of Thermo Scientific company.
The conducted studies have shown the identity of the composite elemental composition of black currant shoots and extract of leaves and shoots of dry black currant. It has been established that in the shoots of black currant and in the extract of leaves and shoots of dry currant, elements accumulate in significant amounts: potassium, calcium, sodium, phosphorus, magnesium and iron, which is of interest for further development and production of medicines or biologically active additives based on them. Black currant shoots and extract of leaves and shoots of dry currant can act as sources of biologically available macro-, micro- and ultra-trace elements necessary for the human body.
THE USE OF AR NAVIGATION IN THE INSTALLATION OF VENTRICULAR DRAINS ON CADAVERIC MATERIAL
Authors: A.A. Artemyev , E.Yu. Timofeeva , T.S. Mudinov , E.V. Blinova , F.V. Grebenev , D.N. Okishev , A.N. Konovalov
Published: July 2024

Augmented reality (AR) technologies are being actively introduced into medicine. AR can be used as a navigation tool in neurosurgery. The purpose of our study is to evaluate the accuracy of placement of external ventricular drainage, the size of the incision and the duration of this manipulation in an animal model using AR navigation and without its use. A CT scan of an animal model (ram's head) was performed, the results were segmented and loaded into AR-glasses. Participants in the experiment are divided into 2 groups of 5 people each. In the main group, ventricular drainage was placed using AR navigation, in the control group without its use. The average incision size in the non-AR group was 29.58 ± 1.566 mm. In the AR group 29.42 ± 1.279 mm. The differences in the two groups are statistically insignificant (p=0.797). In the AR group, the mean operative time was 10.26 ± 1.121 min. In the group without AR use 13.64 ± 1.588 min. The differences between the groups are statistically significant (p<0.05). In the AR group, drainage was inserted into the ventricle in 47 of 50 cases (94%). In the group without the use of AR in 40 cases out of 50 (80%). These differences are statistically significant (p=0.037). AR navigation does not affect the size of the incision, but increases the accuracy of drainage placement and reduces the duration of the procedure. This shows the possibility of using this technology in clinical practice, however, additional research on the use of AR in phantom models is required.
PRINCIPLES AND METHODS OF TEACHING BURYAT LANGUAGE PHRASES IN TERMS OF THE REQUIREMENTS OF THE FEDERAL STATE EDUCATIONAL STANDARD
Authors: S.D. Dondokova , B.B. Lhasaranova , S.G. Oshorov , L.A. Tsyrenova
Published: July 2024

This article is devoted to teaching phrases of the Buryat language in terms of the requirements of the Federal State Educational Standard. The Federal State Educational Standard focuses on the development of the child's personality. This task requires a new approach from the teacher to the organization of the learning process. The lesson, as it was before, remains the main unit of learning activity. But now the requirements for the lesson have changed, and a different classification of lessons has been proposed. The specificity of the system-activity approach assumes a different structure of the lesson, which differs from the usual, classical scheme.
When teaching phrases of the Buryat language, the authors propose the application of strategic and tactical principles of language teaching, put forward by Dudnikov A.V. From the patterns of assimilation of native speech, discovered by the famous methodologist L. P. Fedorenko, the following principles of teaching the Buryat language follow: the principle of attention to the matter of language, the principle of understanding linguistic meanings, the principle of developing expressiveness of speech, the principle of comparing oral and written speeches. A system of exercises has been compiled aimed at improving skills and abilities in the construction and use of phrases of the Buryat language in the oral and written speech of students.
The considered principles of language teaching constitute a theoretical basis on the basis of which teaching methods can be determined.
EXPERIMENTAL METHODOLOGY OF SELF-IDENTIFICATION OF CHARAC-TEROLOGICAL TYPES
Authors: E.V. Bogdanov
Published: July 2024

The present article discusses the results of the study of subjective perception of psychological violence by different characterological types. The application of the results of this study allows to increase the level of safety of the educational environment, to build psychological and peda-gogical work in the field of psychological education of parents, as well as to teach teachers con-structive forms of interaction with children, taking into account their subjective perception of psychological violence depending on the characterological type. In modern psychological sci-ence, the study of psychological violence and personal traumatization is a cutting-edge direction in the field of providing a safe environment for both students and educators. Psychological vio-lence represents various forms of behavior, consciously or unconsciously aimed at causing psy-chological pain using verbal or nonverbal communication. Under the forms of psychological vio-lence we understand threats, insults, manipulation, ignoring and so on. Such forms of psycholog-ical violence have an extremely destructive effect on a person, contributing to the development of borderline conditions and such mental disorders as depression, complex post-traumatic disor-der, etc.
Understanding the peculiarities of perception of psychological violence will allow educational psychologist to significantly improve the quality of counseling work with both parents and teachers, which increases the chances of building the safest educational environment. Further research in the direction of studying the peculiarities of subjective perception of psychological violence will allow scientists to study in more detail the issues of traumatization and correction in connection with the peculiarities of characterological types.
EVALUATION OF THE CURATORSHIP INSTITUTE AT A MEDICAL UNIVERSITY: A SOCIOLOGICAL ANALYSIS
Authors: Zh.L. Varakina , E.A. Ayvazova , N.A Onokhina , E.A. Zhuravleva
Published: July 2024

A sociological study was conducted among the 1st and 2nd year students of the general medicine and pediatric faculties of the Northern State Medical University in order to assess the quality of the curatorship institute at the medical university. The total number of respondents was 296. The average age was 18 (18; 19) years, of which 72,0% (n=213) were girls and 28,0% (n=83) were boys. Almost all students know their curator (98,0%), 54.7% noted that they meet with their curator once a month. At the pediatric faculty, curators interact more often with their groups. When questions arise, 67,6% of students have the opportunity to communicate with the curator by phone, almost half (56,4%) are in touch with the curator on social networks. The majority of respondents (69,9%) do not focus on the age and experience of the curator. Events organized by the curators: tea drinking (33,1%), conversations (52,7%), trips to the theater, cinema, bowling (25,0%), trips to recreation centers (5,4%), other events (museums, exhibitions, conferences, skating rink, trainings) – in 16,9%; 15,5% of students answered that the curators did not hold any joint events. 44,6% of students would like to attach a curator to the group for all 6 years of study. The average score for evaluating the effectiveness of the curator's work was 6,6 (4; 8) points. Among the important functions performed by the curator, the following were noted: to help resolve conflict situations in the group (78,4%), to be an intermediary between students and teachers of departments (74,0%), to help with studies (41,2%), in solving household issues (13,9%), to organize leisure (14,2%), to help solve health problems (5,4%).
PROSPECTS OF RESEARCH ON CULTURAL AND PHILOSOPHICAL FOUNDATIONS IN RUSSIA IN THE CONTEXT OF THE DIALECTICS OF UNIVERSAL SPIRIT
Authors: I.V. Khvoshchevskaia
Published: July 2024

This article presents an analysis of the perspective of research on cultural and philosophical foundations in Russia, taking into account the dialectics of the universal spirit. The author examines the influence of cultural and philosophical traditions on the formation of Russian identity, considering their interaction with universal principles of spiritual development. The article discusses key concepts, including the notion of the universal spirit, its role in a cultural context, and its impact on philosophical thinking in Russia. The author offers their vision on studying cultural and philosophical foundations in Russia, highlighting their importance for understanding the mentality of contemporary society. Special attention is given to the interaction of cultural and philosophical traditions with modern challenges and issues characteristic of the modern world. The article provides historical justification for the researched issues, touching upon aspects of cultural heritage that may be useful in conducting this research. Overall, the article calls for the study and preservation of the country's cultural heritage, as well as the development of modern philosophical concepts that address contemporary challenges.
Lore Lindu Culture-Based Education Learning Development for Elementary School Students
Authors: Arafah Burhanuddin
Published: July 2024

Education is a process of acquiring knowledge and improving communication skills. It also transforms children through a learning process to achieve a specific objective. An example is the usage of Social Studies learning (IPS) to support the development of students as competent citizens in terms of knowledge, intellectual processes, and democratic character to participate actively in public life. The subject equips students with basic and social skills to solve daily problems as prospective adult citizens and the background information needed to proceed to higher education. Therefore, this research aimed to determine the influence of applying Lore Lindu culture-based education learning development to elementary school (SD) students. This was achieved through the adoption of different stages of research and development (R&D), which included preliminary study in the form of needs analysis, literature review to determine solutions to the problems encountered, application of Lore Lindu culture-based education learning development, and formulation of a learning model, expert validation, and implementation. The model was subsequently tested at an elementary school in the Sigi District. The results were considered for developing social studies education based on the cultural values of Lore Lindu National Park (TNLL).
Integrating Translation and Web-Based Learning into Higher Education: Challenges, Self-Esteem, and the Quest for Academic Excellence among Arabic-Speaking Students
Authors: Almakky Hana
Published: July 2024

This study investigated the nexus between translation challenges and web-based learning in higher education, with a particular focus on how these factors impact Arabic-speaking students’ dissertation writing, engagement, and academic performance. Conducted in Saudi Arabia, the research employed a mixed-methods approach, blending quantitative data from a survey of 166 students, both male and female, with qualitative insights from interviews with 23 teachers and students. The study aim was to understand the effects of engagement strategies, interaction dynamics, and pedagogical design and the incorporation of emerging technologies, including virtual reality and artificial intelligence, on student outcomes. Preliminary findings highlight the crucial roles of engaging content, interactive learning environments, and comprehensive support systems in promoting academic excellence. Moreover, the study emphasizes the significance of leveraging advanced technologies and sound pedagogical practices to enhance the educational experiences and self-esteem of Arabic-speaking students. This research advocates for educational institutions to refine engagement strategies, improve support mechanisms, and continually update their learning initiatives to include innovative technologies and teaching methodologies, thereby optimizing the benefits of web-based learning for student engagement and academic success.
Enfermedad degenerativa de disco. Manejo clínico-quirúrgico
Authors: Delgado Montoya Manuel Alejandro , Cola Caiza Daniel Paul , Zapata Bejarano Alex Iván , Nata Ronquillo Ana Belén
Published: July 2024

La enfermedad degenerativa de disco (EDD) es una condición compleja que afecta a un porcentaje significativo de la población, especialmente a medida que envejece. El manejo de la EDD puede ser un desafío debido a la variabilidad en la presentación de los síntomas y la progresión de la enfermedad. Para realizar la revisión bibliográfica sobre la Enfermedad Degenerativa de Disco y su manejo clínico-quirúrgico, se llevó a cabo una búsqueda exhaustiva en bases de datos científicas reconocidas como PubMed, Scopus y Web of Science, utilizando términos clave como "enfermedad degenerativa de disco", "manejo clínico," y " tratamiento quirúrgico." Se priorizaron artículos revisados por pares y ensayos clínicos. Los criterios de inclusión consideraron estudios que abordaran tanto enfoques conservadores como intervenciones quirúrgicas, mientras que se excluyeron aquellos que no aportaran datos significativos. Los artículos seleccionados fueron analizados y comparados para identificar tendencias, resultados clínicos y recomendaciones actuales en el tratamiento de la enfermedad. El manejo de la enfermedad degenerativa de disco requiere un enfoque individualizado que considere tanto las terapias conservadoras como las intervenciones quirúrgicas cuando sea necesario. La clave para un manejo efectivo radica en una evaluación cuidadosa y un plan de tratamiento adaptado a las necesidades específicas de cada paciente.
The impact of risk management implementation on the effectiveness of SAI’s internal audit function
Authors: Pradana Bernardus Dwita , Akbar Bahrullah , Lukman Sampara , Kusworo Kusworo
Published: July 2024

Internal audits play an important role in monitoring the achievement of organizational objectives.  However, research on the factors influencing the success of internal audits remains limited. This study aims to investigate the effectiveness of BPK’s Itama (The Inspectorate General of the Audit Board of the Republic of Indonesia) functions, hypothesized to be influenced by risk management policy implementation. This study employs quantitative methods; data were collected via surveys and analyzed using structural equation modeling (SEM) to test theory-based hypotheses. Results reveal a significant positive correlation between risk management policy implementation and the effective functioning of Itama. Additionally, the study identifies key factors determining the success of risk management policy implementation: economic, social, and political conditions. Therefore, internal auditors of supreme audit institutions must consider these external factors when implementing risk management policies. This study contributes to understanding internal audit effectiveness by highlighting the impact of external economic, social, and political conditions.