bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Restrictive Practices and the ‘Need’ for Positive Behaviour Support (PBS): A Critical Discourse Examination of Disability Policy Beliefs
Authors: Hayward Brent A. , McKay-Brown Lisa , Poed Shiralee
Published: March 2022

Background

Few studies have considered policies which underpin the promotion of positive behaviour support (PBS). The present study examined policy beliefs about PBS and their relationship to restrictive practices.

Methods

Discourse network analysis (a combination of critical discourse analysis and social network analysis) was used.

Results

A total of 11 policies were examined from which 38 belief statements were coded. One cluster was identified which promoted 13 dominant beliefs. Dominant discourses related to law, safety and the environment were evident. A conceptual representation of the shared PBS beliefs demonstrated contradictions in PBS policy.

Conclusions

There is evidence that PBS policies have become informal rules for using restrictive practices, not reducing them. They are also acting as surrogates to debate conflicts between political, personal and bureaucratic interests. Three recommendations for improved PBS policy are provided.
Degradation modeling and reliability prediction of products with indicators influenced by clusters in a dynamic environment
Authors: Wu Xin , Huang Tingting , Zhou Kun , Dai Wei
Published: March 2022

Modern products have tended to gain increasingly complex structures, and most of them have multiple dependent performance indicators (PIs), which makes the degradation modeling and reliability prediction of such products challenging. For some products, based on the design of the products, their PIs are influenced by some common underlying components called clusters in this paper, thus they are correlated. Besides, in engineering practice, products may suffer from a dynamic environment that causes difficulties in reliability analyses. To address these situations, this paper proposes a multivariate degradation model based on the Wiener process and establishes the correlation among the PIs in a flexible and intelligible way. The effect of the dynamic environment on the degradation rate is considered to be a multiplication form. The expectation-maximization (EM) algorithm is utilized to achieve an accurate estimation of the model parameters. The expression of the reliability function of the product is obtained by a tangent approximation approach. In the end, a simulation study and a case study are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness and application of the proposed model.
Neuro-axonal injury in COVID-19: the role of systemic inflammation and SARS-CoV-2 specific immune response
Authors: Hirzel Cédric , Grandgirard Denis , Surial Bernard , Wider Manon F. , Leppert David , Kuhle Jens , Walti Laura N. , Schefold Joerg C. , Spinetti Thibaud , Suter-Riniker Franziska , Dijkman Ronald , Leib Stephen L.
Published: March 2022

Background:

In coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) patients, there is increasing evidence of neuronal injury by the means of elevated serum neurofilament light chain (sNfL) levels. However, the role of systemic inflammation and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)–specific immune response with regard to neuronal injury has not yet been investigated.

Methods:

In a prospective cohort study, we recruited patients with mild–moderate ( n = 39) and severe ( n = 14) COVID-19 and measured sNfL levels, cytokine concentrations, SARS-CoV-2-specific antibodies including neutralizing antibody titers, and cell-mediated immune responses at enrollment and at 28(±7) days. We explored the association of neuro-axonal injury as by the means of sNfL measurements with disease severity, cytokine levels, and virus-specific immune responses.

Results:

sNfL levels, as an indicator for neuronal injury, were higher at enrollment and increased during follow-up in severely ill patients, whereas during mild–moderate COVID-19, sNfL levels remained unchanged. Severe COVID-19 was associated with increased concentrations of cytokines assessed [interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α)], higher anti-spike IgG and anti-nucleocapsid IgG concentrations, and increased neutralizing antibody titers compared with mild–moderate disease. Patients with more severe disease had higher counts of defined SARS-CoV-2-specific T cells. Increases in sNfL concentrations from baseline to day 28(±7) positively correlated with anti-spike protein IgG antibody levels and with titers of neutralizing antibodies.

Conclusion:

Severe COVID-19 is associated with increased serum concentration of cytokines and subsequent neuronal injury as reflected by increased levels of sNfL. Patients with more severe disease developed higher neutralizing antibody titers and higher counts of SARS-CoV-2-specific T cells during the course of COVID-19 disease. Mounting a pronounced virus-specific humoral and cell-mediated immune response upon SARS-CoV-2 infection did not protect from neuro-axonal damage as by the means of sNfL levels.
Social science approaches to infodemiology: understanding the social, political, and economic context of information
Authors: Cole Jennifer , Tulloch Olivia , Schmidt-Sane Megan , Hrynick Tabitha , Ripoll Santiago
Published: March 2022

Embedded within the COVID-19 pandemic is the spread of a new pandemic of information – some accurate, some not – that can challenge the public health response. This has been termed an ‘infodemic’ and infodemic management is now a major feature of the World Health Organization’s work on health emergencies. This commentary highlights political, social, and economic aspects of infodemics and posits social science as critical to mitigating the current infodemic and preventing future ones. Infodemic managers should address the wider context of infodemics if we are to understand narratives, help to craft positive ones, and confront the root causes of misinformation rather than just the symptoms.
The Politics Hurdle: Joint Effect of Organizational Culture and Gender on Lack of Fit Experiences
Authors: Salwender Mona , Schoel Christiane , Bless Herbert , Stahlberg Dagmar
Published: March 2022

We propose that an organizational culture where playing politics is important for advancement, compared with an organizational culture where showing competencies is important, elicits stronger lack of fit experiences for women than for men. In a pre-study, playing politics was perceived as dominant, typically male work behaviors, whereas showing competencies was perceived as competent, typically female work behaviors. We then tested in two experiments (689 individuals, integrated in a small-scale meta-analysis) the joint effect of organizational culture and gender on four lack of fit indicators (self-concept conflict, fear of backlash, intention to seek power positions, concerns about one’s skills). As expected, women indicated more lack of fit experiences than men in politics cultures, but not in competencies cultures. Our findings suggest that perceived organizational culture may play an important role in understanding the dynamics of career advancement of women and men.
Relational rights and interdependent wellbeing: Exploring the experiences of an ethnic minority girl with the Norwegian Child Welfare service
Authors: Ursin Marit , Langfeldt Camila Caldeira , Lyså Ida Marie
Published: March 2022

In this article, we draw on a case study where the Norwegian Child Welfare services placed an ethnic minority girl, Amara, into foster care. Her sensemaking around being moved into foster care is used as entry point to explore tensions between Amara, her family, and Child Welfare services. Amara’s responsibilities within the family conflict with the ideal childhood model in Norway. The case demonstrates a limited view on wellbeing and an ethnocentric understanding of what is in the best interest of the child among Norwegian social workers. We propose the use of ubuntu and African ethics in Child Welfare services to cater for more diverse understandings of childhood and upbringing. Furthermore, we approach children’s rights relationally to acknowledge how children’s lives and wellbeing are deeply entangled in interconnections and interdependencies.
Factors associated with the family reintegration stability for children with a residential care experience in Ghana
Authors: Frimpong-Manso Kwabena , Agbadi Pascal , Deliege Antoine
Published: March 2022

There is limited evidence on family reintegration for children who have been in residential care within the African context. The goal of this study is to find out what factors impact reintegrated institutionalized children’s desire to remain with their biological parents or extended family. The dataset included records for 659 interviewed children and their guardians. However, the analyses were limited to 408 cases with complete data on the dependent and independent variables. Most of the children in the study (73%) preferred to remain with their relatives. The age of the child, length of time spent in residential care, and having a case file, were all factors linked to the children’s wish to stay with their family. Based on the findings of the study, social workers should do a full assessment and documentation to decide if reintegration is appropriate, prepare the child and family, and give follow-up assistance to ensure stable reintegration. Social workers must also link reunified families to long-term support such as enrollment on the Livelihood Empowerment against Poverty social protection program, and they should monitor placements to improve the stability of the reintegration.
The role of resilience processes in education and well-being outcomes for separated children in Uganda: Exploring street-connected children’s pathways through a resilience-based programme and beyond
Authors: Edmonds Ruth , Ochaya Alfred , Sansom Nicola
Published: March 2022

This article explores the role resilience processes play in education and well-being outcomes for street-connected children. It draws on research and practice undertaken as part of the Building with Bamboo Programme (BwB) on resilience. BwB investigated the forms a resilience-based approach might usefully take in practice, the effect this has on promoting resilience in children, and how this resilience leads to improved outcomes in their lives. Our article draws specifically on the experiences of street-connected children who were involved in such approaches as part of programmes at S.A.L.V.E. International, Uganda between 2016 and 2018. Drawing on individual street-connected children’s resilience pathways through BwB and beyond, the article unpacks the connections between resilience processes and improved educational and well-being outcomes. It outlines how programme activities were developed and nurtured through cycles of learning and innovation to continually evolve existing strength-based programme practice with street-connected children whilst extending this work into the wider systems around children including peer networks, organisations, families and communities.
The record of sedimentary spheroidal carbonaceous particles (SCPs) in Beppu Bay, southern Japan, compared to historical trends of industrial activity and atmospheric pollution: Further evidence for SCPs as a marker for Anthropocene industrialization
Authors: Inoue Jun , Takenaka Natsuko , Okudaira Takamoto , Kuwae Michinobu
Published: March 2022

Spheroidal carbonaceous particles (SCPs) are carbonaceous fly ash particles produced solely from industrial fossil fuel combustion. SCPs in sediments can be an indicator of past industrialization. We examined the sedimentary SCP record in Beppu Bay, southern Japan, and compared this record to historical trends of industrial activity and monitoring data for atmospheric pollutions in the region. Beppu Bay has varved sediments in the absence of bioturbation, providing an ideal situation for SCP study. Our results show that the temporal variation of SCP deposition is consistent with the trends of industrial activity and the temporal variation of status of atmospheric pollution. We conclude that undisturbed sediments such as Beppu Bay sediments have SCP records that adequately represent historical trends of industrial activity and atmospheric pollution in detail. These findings support that SCPs are a potential marker for the Anthropocene, characterized by industrialization.
Rituximab Use for the Treatment of Childhood Nephrotic Syndrome by Canadian Pediatric Nephrologists: A National Survey
Authors: Meeuwisse Cory , Morgan Catherine J. , Samuel Susan , Alexander R Todd , Rodriguez-Lopez Sara
Published: March 2022

Background:

There is known practice variation in the treatment of frequently relapsing, steroid-dependent, and steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome in children. Rituximab is an emerging therapy for difficult-to-treat nephrotic syndrome; however, there are no clear treatment guidelines. We therefore hypothesized that a wide variety of approaches to this therapy exist.

Objective:

To evaluate when and how rituximab is used for the treatment of childhood nephrotic syndrome in Canada.

Design and setting:

An online survey was used.

Participants:

Canadian pediatric nephrologists.

Methods:

A cross-sectional survey was distributed across Canada through the Canadian Association of Pediatric Nephrologists (CAPN) to evaluate rituximab treatment practices.

Results:

Of a total of 20 responses, 19 (95%) use rituximab in the treatment of nephrotic syndrome, usually as a third or fourth agent. For the number of rituximab doses, the majority (68%) uses 2 doses each time they use it. Eighteen respondents (90%) measure B cells when using this medication, mostly monthly (50%) or every 3 months (39%). Respondents administered additional doses of rituximab prophylactically (74%) or at first relapse (47%). Long-term drug safety and drug funding were identified as the main barriers to rituximab use.

Limitations:

This survey represents the practice styles of physicians in a single country, and there is a nonresponse bias of 63%. Also, associations were not calculated.

Conclusions:

Among Canadian pediatric nephrologists, rituximab use for nephrotic syndrome appears to be increasing, but significant practice variations remain, including approaches to B-cell monitoring. It is reserved mostly for second-line and third-line use due to cost, funding issues, and residual uncertainty regarding long-term safety. Understanding these critical areas of practice uncertainty is a first step to optimize treatment of nephrotic syndrome in children.
Depicting the Emotion Flow: Super-Spreaders of Emotional Messages on Weibo During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Yi Jingjing , Gina Qu Jiayu , Zhang Wanjiang Jacob
Published: March 2022

This study collected 2 million posts and reposts regarding the early stage of COVID-19 in China on Weibo from 26 December 2019 to 29 February 2020. Emotion analysis and social network analysis were used to examine the flow of emotional messages (emotion flow) by comparing them with the flow of general messages (information flow). Results indicated that both emotional messages and general messages present a multilayer diffusion pattern and follow network step flow models. In our dataset, emotion network has a higher transmission efficiency than information network; officially verified accounts were more likely to become super-spreaders of emotional messages; good emotions were predominant but isolated from other six emotions (joy, sadness, fear, disgust, surprise, anger) in online discussions; finally, government played a vital role in spreading good emotions.
School Counselors as Critical Consumers of Research: Guidelines for Evaluating Quantitative Research by Recognizing Quality Indicators
Authors: Chae Nancy , Backer Adrienne , Mullen Patrick R. , Cakmak Zeynep
Published: March 2022

The purpose of this article is to provide a resource for school counselors to recognize key indicators of quality quantitative research and make informed decisions about incorporating scholarly works into school counseling practice and comprehensive program development. We describe quality indicators of quantitative research by walking readers through common sections of an article, including the literature review, method, results, and discussion sections, and considerations for critical, multicultural, and antiracist appraisal when reading quantitative research. We also address implications for school counseling practitioners, training programs, and students.
Neglecting the Neglected: Encumbrances to Children’s Successful Transitioning From Orphanages to Adoptive Homes in Nigeria
Authors: Onayemi Olayinka M. , Imhonopi David , Oyekola Isaac A.
Published: March 2022

The majority of children living within institutional care have a history of neglect. Past studies have identified developmental challenges with children in institutional care, for which reasons, orphanages must be transitional. However, placement of some children living in the orphan homes remains difficult. Through an in-depth interview with orphanage managers, social workers, prospective and successful adopters, and foster mothers, the study situates the diverse encumbrances to child placement in observed irregularities within three stages (entry, within the home, and at the exit point) of children’s contact with the orphan homes. The study found that unresolved regulation on the duration for custody of children in orphan homes impedes the placement of children who are merely kept for care and protection. Lack of response to the basic care needs of children within orphan homes poorly influence their chances for adoption, and sometimes disrupt placement processes. Also the legal preference for domestic adoption discourages and sabotages efforts toward inter-country placement of children who are not locally desired. These result into prolonged stay of children in orphan homes, and as such, children outgrow either adoption or fosterage. Child protection policy direction must, therefore, be value-laden, and informed by the unique system/society realities. This study, specifically, makes a case for more political interest in children living in orphan homes.
Analyzing the Effect of Financial Constraints on Technological and Management Innovation in SMEs: A Gender Perspective
Authors: Ruiz-Palomo Daniel , Fernández-Gámez Manuel Ángel , León-Gómez Ana
Published: March 2022

The aim of this research is twofold: establishing whether access to bank financing facilitates innovation in SMEs and whether such effect can be explained from a gender perspective. Using a sample of 310 Spanish SMEs, this study first examines the effect of alleviating financial constraints on both technological and management innovation through a structural equation model. Then, the moderating effect of gender is examined. Our results showed that (a) relaxing financial constraints helps SMEs to innovate in both technological and management innovation, (b) the effect of the relaxation of financial constraints is significantly greater in companies managed by women, and (c) the moderating effect of gender occurs from the double perspective of technological innovation and management innovation. Our empirical results suggest that the gender of the CEO plays a vital moderating role among innovation and financial constraints, providing new evidence about women’s contribution to innovation in SMEs, so these results have practical business and institutional implications as they point out the relevance to promote employment policies that favour the gender diversity of employees at all hierarchical levels of the company.
The Welfare Effects of Formal and Informal Financial Access in the Gambia: A Comparative Assessment
Authors: Manja Laston Petro , Badjie Isatou A.
Published: March 2022

The aim of this study was to comparatively assess the impact of formal and informal finance on household welfare in the Gambia. The Gambia 2015 to 2016 Integrated Household Survey (IHS3) data was analyzed using Stata software version 17.0 to assess the impact of access to the various forms of finance on household food and non-food consumption expenditures, education expenditure, total income, and a subjective assessment of welfare. The study found that access to either formal or informal finance has some deleterious impacts on welfare, with the negative impacts from formal finance being generally lesser than those from informal finance, signaling that the different forms of finance have near-varying repercussions on household welfare. Access to and conditions of formal finance should be improved by removing or making less stringent the requirements, most of which are hard for households to meet.
Middle Managers’ Cognitive Styles, Capacity for Change, and Organizational Performance
Authors: Sukoco Badri Munir , Adna Beta Embriyono , Musthofa Zainul , Nasution Reza Ashari , Ratmawati Dwi
Published: March 2022

The last three decades have seen the public sector move from the traditional bureaucratic model to a modern one with better services, efficiency, and accountability. To succeed in making a change, public organizations must develop their capacity for change to improve performance. Middle managers have a central role in the change process, particularly their cognitive styles (knowing, planning, and creating). This study aims to analyze how middle managers’ cognitive style contributes to the organizational performance through organizational capacity for change (OCC). The study was conducted with 75 managers along with 238 subordinates from a public organization in Indonesia. The results revealed that the creating style and organizational performance are mediated by OCC. Only creating styles positively relate to OCC, while knowing and planning styles are not. This study extends prior studies on the link between cognitive style and organizational performance by introducing OCC as the mediator.
The Role of Mass Media Interventions on Promoting Public Health Knowledge and Behavioral Social Change Against COVID-19 Pandemic in Jordan
Authors: Al-Dmour Hani , Masa’deh Ra’ed , Salman Amer , Al-Dmour Rand , Abuhashesh Mohammad
Published: March 2022

This study has attempted to determine the role of mass s media interventions on promoting public health knowledge and behavioral social change against COVID-19 pandemic disease in Jordan. Based on communication theory and literature review in health communication, the study develops and examines four major hypotheses that link mass media channels, preferred message types and the senders of preferred message sources, the level of public health knowledge and behavioral social change against Corona virus pandemic disease in Jordan—based on demographic characteristics (gender, age, education, and territory location). To carry out this study; an online questionnaire was prepared and conducted in Jordan and a number of 2,555 social media platforms participants were reached. Content analysis method was mainly deployed for data analysis. The findings showed significant relationships between the preferred type of mass media channels ( R = .47), preferred message types ( R = .58), and preferred message sources ( R = .56) and the level of public health knowledge and behavioral social change against COVID-19 pandemic in Jordan. The study also found that the preferred mass media channels, message types, and message sources differ among the respondents’ demographic characteristics (gender, age, and education). In contrast, no differences found attributed to territory locations.
The Moderating Role of Perceived Interactivity in the Relationship Between Online Customer Experience and Behavioral Intentions to Use Parenting Apps for Taiwanese Preschool Parents
Authors: Lee Kuen-Cheng , Chang I-Hsiung , Wu Tsung-Jen , Chen Ru-Si
Published: March 2022

Preschool parents’ attitudes toward the online experience and their behavioral intentions to use parenting apps are influenced by their perceptions of social interactions and their mobile engagement with these apps. There have been few studies of how perceived interactivity affects the customer experience and consumption habits of preschool parents. This paper describes a study focused on preschool parents’ perceptions of the influence of online customer experience on their behavioral intentions to use parenting apps for young children. The study also explored how perceived interactivity moderated this relationship. We used the questionnaire to collect data with the valid sample size comprised 571 anonymous preschool parents. A Chinese questionnaire was developed to examine three factors: “online customer experience,” “perceived interactivity,” and “behavioral intentions to use.” To analyze the survey data, the researchers used partial least squares and tested the internal consistency reliability, convergent validity, and discriminant validity of the latent constructs in the measurement model. Additionally, the bootstrapping method was used to conduct 5,000 replications to test the statistical significance of perceived interactivity as a moderator. The results indicated that perceived interactivity has a negative moderating effect on the association between online customer experience and a parent’s behavioral intentions to use a parenting app to improve their parenting skills. Preschool parents with positive attitudes toward perceived interactivity showed little preference for gaining online experience via parenting apps. They can use the technical functions of their mobile phones or parenting apps to customize their cognitive experiences and emotions.
The Relationship Between Sleep Quality and Risk-Taking Behaviors in Emerging Adults: The Mediating Role of Resilience and Gender Difference
Authors: Liu Xiaoting , Wang Xiaoli , Wu Guoqiang , Zhang Lijin
Published: March 2022

Previous studies have shown that sleep quality is associated with risk-taking behaviors, but the psychological mechanism of this relationship is unclear among emerging adults at university. In the present study, we examined the relationship among sleep quality, resilience, and risk-taking behaviors in college students. A sample of 1221 college students (50.4% females, M age = 22.58, SD = 1.28) was enrolled in our survey. The Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI), domain-specific risk-taking scale, and Connor–Davidson resilience scale were used to test sleep quality, risk-taking behaviors, and resilience. The results showed that PSQI scores positively correlated with risk-taking behaviors, and the poor sleep quality increased participants’ risk-taking behaviors by decreasing resilience. The findings suggested that resilience played a mediating role between sleep quality and risk-taking behaviors among college students. The relationships between sleep quality and risk-taking behaviors, and sleep quality and resilience were moderated by gender. Specifically, the association between sleep quality and resilience was greater in females than in males; however, the association between sleep quality and risk-taking behaviors was greater in males than in females. The present study revealed that prevention and intervention aimed at improving sleep are needed to enhance resilience and reduce risk-taking behaviors.
To Cross the Cervicothoracic Junction? Terminating Posterior Cervical Fusion Constructs Proximal to the Cervicothoracic Junction Does Not Impart Increased Risk of Reoperation in Patients With Cervical Spondylotic Myelopathy
Authors: Couch Brandon K. , Patel Stuti S. , Talentino Spencer E. , Buldo-Licciardi Michael , Evashwick-Rogler Thomas W. , Oyekan Anthony A. , Gannon Emmett J. , Shaw Jeremy D. , Donaldson William F. , Lee Joon Y.
Published: March 2022

Study Design

Retrospective cohort study

Objectives

To evaluate the effect of caudal instrumentation level on revision rates following posterior cervical laminectomy and fusion.

Methods

A retrospective review of a prospectively collected database was performed. Minimum follow-up was one year. Patients were divided into two groups based on the caudal level of their index fusion construct (Group 1-cervical and Group 2- thoracic). Reoperation rates were compared between the two groups, and preoperative demographics and radiographic parameters were compared between patients who required revision and those who did not. Multivariate binomial regression analysis was performed to determine independent risk factors for revision surgery.

Results

One hundred thirty-seven (137/204) patients received fusion constructs that terminated at C7 (Group 1), while 67 (67/204) received fusion constructs that terminated at T1 or T2 (Group 2). The revision rate was 8.33% in the combined cohort, 7.3% in Group 1, and 10.4% in Group 2. There was no significant difference in revision rates between the 2 groups ( P = .43). Multivariate regression analysis did not identify any independent risk factors for revision surgery.

Conclusion

This study shows no evidence of increased risk of revision in patients with fusion constructs terminating in the cervical spine when compared to patients with constructs crossing the cervicothoracic junction. These findings support terminating the fusion construct proximal to the cervicothoracic junction when indicated.

Level of Evidence

III
Influence of resin removal treatments on the surface topography and strength of de-bonded lithium disilicate ceramic
Authors: Al Jeaidi Zaid A.
Published: March 2022

Aim:

This study aims to assess the influence of resin removal treatment regimes on the surface topography and compressive strength of de-bonded ceramic surfaces.

Material and methods:

Sixty-five lithium disilicate ceramic (LDC) discs were prepared, cleaned, and polished with carbide paper. All samples were etched using 9.6% hydrofluoric acid (HFA). Fifteen samples were taken as positive controls; the remaining 50 samples were subjected to the process of silanization. Resin build-up using dual-cure cement was performed incrementally and light cured. Based on different methods of resin cleaning from de-bonded LDC, the samples were divided into five groups, n=10 each: group 1 (no treatment), group 2 (slow-speed diamond bur), group 3 (1 min heat treatment), Group 4 (6 min heat treatment), and group 5 (sandblasting with Al2O3). Following resin removal, LDC samples were tested under compressive failure load in a universal testing machine. Five disc specimens from each group were sputter coated with gold for scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey’s post hoc test was used for descriptive statistics. Level of significance was established at p<0.05.

Results:

The highest compressive strength with significant difference among all experimental groups was found in group 5 (321.54 ± 13.25 MPa) ( p<0.05). The lowest compressive strength values, presenting significant difference compared with all other groups, were displayed in group 1 (158.57 ± 5.22 MPa) ( p<0.05). Compressive strength among group 2 (231.54 ± 15.55 MPa), group 3 (237.81 ± 10.81 MPa), and group 4 (255.53 ± 8.95 MPa) specimens was statistically comparable ( p>0.05). On SEM, heat-treated specimens confirmed coarser granules, with mild porosities and roughening, whereas sandblasted specimens exhibited consistent evenness with moderate porosity and loss of glazed surface.

Conclusion:

De-bonded LDC surface, treated with heat treatment and sandblasting procedures, exhibited removal of residual resin and significantly high compressive strength compared with non-cleansed ceramic surface.
Eltrombopag-Induced Thrombocytosis and Thrombosis in Patients With Antiphospholipid Syndrome and Immune Thrombocytopenic Purpura
Authors: Oo Zayar , Manvar Kapilkumar , Wang Jen Chin
Published: March 2022

Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) may be either as a primary or in association with an underlying systemic autoimmune etiology (36.2%), particularly systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Thrombocytopenia is infrequently observed in APS patients, with an occurrence of 22% to 42% with the frequency of thrombocytopenia, higher in APS and SLE combination than in primary APS. There have been some controversial reports regarding the treatment of APS syndrome with thrombocytopenia with TPO agonists. We like to report a case with APS syndrome with severe thrombocytopenia treated with TPO-RA and developed severe thrombocytosis and thrombosis. Our case represented the first case of TPO-RA in treating APS syndrome developed severe thrombocytosis and our case also concurred that use of TPO-RA agents should be strongly discouraged in APS until larger studies clarify the safety of TPO-RA agents in APS.
Postoperative Breath-Holding Spells Requiring Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation After Cardiopulmonary Bypass
Authors: Kreis Rebecca , Robinson Jeffrey A. , Ibrahimiye Ali , Ortmann Laura
Published: March 2022

Breath-holding spells are common in childhood and can be associated with bradycardia and pulselessness. This report details severe breath-holding spells complicating postoperative management after atrial septal defect closure. The patient required cardiopulmonary resuscitation despite the use of a temporary pacemaker to prevent bradycardia. After multiple episodes of chest compressions, the decision was made to not intervene immediately to pulselessness and the patient was able to recover without further intervention.
Trust Me: Interpersonal Communication Dominance as a Tool for Influencing Interpersonal Trust Between Coworkers
Authors: Langlinais Luke A. , Howard Heath A. , Houghton Jeffery D.
Published: March 2022

Perceptions of trustworthiness are an established antecedent of interpersonal trust. However, the trust and communication literatures provide fewer insights into possible proactive tools for positively influencing trustworthiness. Interpersonal communication dominance is a skill used to influence another individual in an interpersonal relationship. Using social information processing theory, we hypothesize and test a parallel mediation model specifying that the three dimensions of trustworthiness (i.e., perceived ability, perceived benevolence, and perceived integrity) mediate the relationship between interpersonal communication dominance and interpersonal trust. The results show significant indirect effects for interpersonal communication dominance on interpersonal trust through perceived benevolence and perceived integrity but not through perceived ability. Our findings suggest that using interpersonal communication dominance to increase perceptions of benevolence and integrity may be an important communicative tool for positively influencing interpersonal trust.
Selections from the ABC 2021 Annual Conference, Placing Another Log on ABC’s My Favorite Assignment’s Cool Fire
Authors: Whalen D. Joel
Published: March 2022

This article offers readers 13 teaching innovations debuted at the 86th annual meeting of the Association for Business Communication held online. Assignment topics presented here include personal and professional development as well as oral communication and presentation skills. Additional assignment support materials—instructions to students, stimulus materials, slides, grading rubrics, frequently asked questions, internet links, and sample student projects—are downloadable from the Association for Business Communication and DePaul University Center for Sales Leadership websites.
Risk and Protective Factors of College Students’ Psychological Well-Being During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Emotional Stability, Mental Health, and Household Resources
Authors: Moeller Julia , von Keyserlingk Luise , Spengler Marion , Gaspard Hanna , Lee Hye Rin , Yamaguchi-Pedroza Katsumi , Yu Renzhe , Fischer Christian , Arum Richard
Published: March 2022

Colleges and universities have increasingly worried in recent decades about college students’ well-being, with the COVID-19 pandemic aggravating these concerns. Our study examines changes to undergraduate emotional sentiments and psychological well-being from before to after the onset of the pandemic. In addition, we explore whether certain risk factors (i.e., prior mental health impairments, trait emotional stability) and protective factors (i.e., subjective socioeconomic status, parental education, household resources) predicted students’ emotions and their intraindividual changes due to the pandemic onset. We compared experience sampling method data from 120 students from before and after the pandemic onset, examining intraindividual trajectories. There was only little change in students’ emotions. Prior mental health impairment and trait emotional stability predicted students’ emotions, averaged across time points, but not emotion changes. Few associations with emotions were found for subjective socioeconomic status and parental education, but study-related household resources predicted levels and changes in emotions.
The Influence of Emotional Framing and Graph Complexity on Biases in Graphical Memory for COVID-19 Data in a Lifespan Sample
Authors: Jiang Ouxun , Whatley Mary C. , Castel Alan D.
Published: March 2022

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is one of the biggest recent threats to public health. People rely on news for up-to-date information during such major events, but news is often emotional in nature, which can affect how we learn and remember information. Additionally, graphs are widely used in news, but comprehension and memory for graphical information can be influenced by various factors, including emotions. We tested how the emotional framing of news would affect graphical memory across the lifespan. Participants studied a graph showing the number of weekly or daily new COVID-19 deaths after reading COVID-19 news framed as more positive or negative. Participants also reported their attitudes toward the pandemic, political leaning, news consumption habits, mood, and need for cognition. There was no overall difference in memory across conditions or age, but memory was more biased by the emotional framing of the news when the graphs were less visually complex. A number of exploratory correlations are also discussed. The findings indicate that framing news with a more positive or negative lens can bias understanding of and memory for related graphical information in some cases and can have implications for improving media literacy and public health compliance.
A systematic review of studies investigating the acute effects of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antagonists on behavioural despair in normal animals suggests poor predictive validity
Authors: Viktorov Martin , Wilkinson Matthew P. , Elston Victoria C. E. , Stone Medi , Robinson Emma S. J.
Published: March 2022

The ability of the N-methyl- D-aspartate receptor antagonist ketamine to induce a rapid and sustained antidepressant effect has led to a surge in pre-clinical studies investigating underlying mechanisms and seeking novel treatments. Animal models are key to this research as they can provide a behavioural readout linking underlying mechanisms to clinical benefits. However, quantifying depression-related behaviours in rodents represents a major challenge with the validity of traditional methods such as models of behavioural despair (forced swim test and tail suspension test) a topic of debate. While there is good evidence to support the value of using these behavioural readouts to study the effects of stress, these approaches have largely failed to detect reliable phenotypic effects in other disease models. In this systematic review, we identified publications which had tested N-methyl- D-aspartate receptor antagonists in normal animals using either the forced swim test or tail suspension test. We compared findings for different doses and time points and also drugs with different clinical profiles to investigate how well the outcomes in the rodent model predicted their effects in the clinic. Despite clear evidence that N-methyl- D-aspartate receptor antagonists reduce immobility time and hence exhibit an antidepressant profile in these tasks, we found similar effects with both clinically effective drugs as well as those which have failed to show efficacy in clinical trials. These findings suggest that behavioural despair tests in normal animals do not provide a good method to predict clinical efficacy of N-methyl- D-aspartate receptor antagonists.
‘What Determines Socio-Economic Status and What Reflects It?’—Partial Least Square-Structural Equation Modelling Approach
Authors: Dey Sumit , Upadhyay Vandana , Chouhan Manish
Published: March 2022

A pertinent question that remains unaddressed in literature is that ‘what reflects socio-economic status (SES) and what determines it?’ This is because in some studies income, education, consumption expenditure, health status etc. have been used as proxy indicators of SES, whereas, there are some other studies which consider these as the determinants of SES. In this context, this article has attempted to make a clear distinction between the determinants and indicators of SES. As a determinant of SES, we have certain factors, extensively used in literature and as an indicator of SES, Sen (1999) idea of freedom has been used. Partial least square-structural equation modelling has been applied to estimate our model.
Treatment-Seeking Behavior of the Public During an Acute Stroke or Cardiac Event—Health-Care Expert’s Perspective From Kerala, India
Authors: Muraleedharan Manesh , Chandak Alaka Omprakash
Published: March 2022

Early treatment seeking during a stroke or heart attack is critical to prevent mortality and disability. This study has aimed to understand the perceptions of health-care experts in the state regarding the “emergency healthcare-seeking behavior of Kerala population during an acute stroke or heart attack.” An interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA) was utilized in the study. Semi-structured interviews with health-care experts were conducted, and the data were analyzed linguistically. Later, interpretations were made based on the themes and literature review. We interviewed 7 health experts, and data were analyzed using the IPA method. Major concerns raised by the health experts include health financing issues, the disparity in treatment-seeking response based on socioeconomic status, less awareness regarding stroke in public, and so on.
Sensitivity of the conditional period selection in the structural response using the CMS as target spectrum
Authors: Arteta Carlos A , Torregroza Andrés , Gaspar Daniel , Abrahamson Norman
Published: March 2022

A framework is presented for assessing the sensitivity of typical engineering demand parameters (EDP) to the conditional period selection when using conditional mean spectra (CMS) as targets for ground-motion selection in a performance-based seismic evaluation. The framework consists of computing a suite of CMS targets anchored at conditioning periods within a period range of interest to discretize the demand at a given hazard level, as represented by a uniform hazard spectrum (UHS). Ground motions are selected and scaled for the CMS suite and the associated UHS. The envelope of the median responses from the CMS suite is compared with the median response from the UHS. The framework is instrumental in identifying the conditioning period ( T*) range for estimating CMS to capture the maximum median responses at the hazard level of interest. It also helps to characterize the relative difference in responses between using CMS targets and a UHS. The implementation of the methodology is illustrated by evaluating response quantities such as displacement-, acceleration, and force-based EDPs of four reinforced concrete moment frame structures of different heights under three levels of increasing hazard. Results confirm that the conditioning period used for ground-motion selection has a significant impact on the seismic response of displacement-based EDPs, and the sensitivity of the response varies with building height. For other EDPs, like maximum base shear and story acceleration, the results vary. Based on a limited-size ground motion set typically used in practice, the results indicate that UHS-targeted ground motions do not necessarily yield greater demand in comparison with using the CMS for estimating peak story drifts. For maximum floor accelerations, however, the CMS did produce smaller responses.
Flexural vibration properties of particle board using acrylic emulsion adhesives with differential glass transition temperature
Authors: Fujishiro Kaoru , Ito Takuya , Sato Hiroko , Masunari Ryosuke , Yamada Masaaki
Published: March 2022

Vibration characteristics of wood-based materials are essential parameters in considering the indoor environment of a building. This study investigates the effect of the physical properties of water-based adhesives on vibration characteristics of wood-based materials. Adhesive films and particle boards (PB) were prepared from acrylic emulsion adhesives (AE) with differential glass transition (Tg), and loss tangent of dynamic viscoelasticity (tanδD) and flexural vibration property (tanδF) were compared. The tanδDmaster curve and tanδFshowed a similar tendency regarding frequency dependence. The apparent activation energy (ΔH) calculated from the shift factor of the master curve tends to be different depending on theTgof AE and was especially high for AE withTg = 13 °C along with blended AE. The dynamic Young’s modulus (EF) calculated from the flexural vibration tests showed higher values for AE atTg = 13 °C, 41 °C, and 90 °C than that of urea–formaldehyde adhesive (UF).
ALKBH5 promotes lung fibroblast activation and silica-induced pulmonary fibrosis through miR-320a-3p and FOXM1
Authors: Sun Wenqing , Li Yan , Ma Dongyu , Liu Yi , Xu Qi , Cheng Demin , Li Guanru , Ni Chunhui
Published: March 2022

Background

N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is the most common and abundant internal modification of RNA. Its critical functions in multiple physiological and pathological processes have been reported. However, the role of m6A in silica-induced pulmonary fibrosis has not been fully elucidated. AlkB homolog 5 (ALKBH5), a well-known m6A demethylase, is upregulated in the silica-induced mouse pulmonary fibrosis model. Here, we sought to investigate the function of ALKBH5 in pulmonary fibrosis triggered by silica inhalation.

Methods

We performed studies with fibroblast cell lines and silica-induced mouse pulmonary fibrosis models. The expression of ALKBH5, miR-320a-3p, and forkhead box protein M1 (FOXM1) was determined by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) analysis. RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) assays and m6A RNA immunoprecipitation assays (MeRIP), western bolt, immunofluorescence assays, and 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine (EdU) fluorescence staining were performed to explore the roles of ALKBH5, miR-320a-3p, and FOXM1 in fibroblast activation.

Results

ALKBH5 expression was increased in silica-inhaled mouse lung tissues and transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1-stimulated fibroblasts. Moreover, ALKBH5 knockdown exerted antifibrotic effects in vitro. Simultaneously, downregulation of ALKBH5 elevated miR-320a-3p but decreased pri-miR-320a-3p. Mechanically, ALKBH5 demethylated pri-miR-320a-3p, thus blocking the microprocessor protein DGCR8 from interacting with pri-miR-320a-3p and leading to mature process blockage of pri-miR-320a-3p. We further demonstrated that miR-320a-3p could regulate fibrosis by targeting FOXM1 messenger RNA (mRNA) 3′-untranslated region (UTR). Notably, our study also verified that ALKBH5 could also directly regulate FOXM1 in an m6A-dependent manner.

Conclusions

Our findings suggest that ALKBH5 promotes silica-induced lung fibrosis via the miR-320a-3p/FOXM1 axis or targeting FOXM1 directly. Approaches aimed at ALKBH5 may be efficacious in treating lung fibrosis.