bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The application of Bernoulli trials to the theory of approximation
Authors: Bugatekin Ayse , Gokdere Gokhan
Published: January 2025

In recent years, q-Bernstein polynomials and ?-Bernstein polynomials have
emerged as prominent topics in approximation theory. Numerous studies have
examined the convergence criteria of these polynomials, highlighting their
importance and usefulness. The main idea underlying the article is that the
kernels of these polynomials depend on the probabilities of the variable
parameter binomial distribution. Taking advantage of this property, we
developed a simplified form of these polynomials regarding binomial
dependence. This facilitated the calculation of moments for a binomial
variable with variable parameters. This method both simplifies the
computational processes and allows us to better understand the convergence
properties of these polynomials. By examining these reduced forms, important
information has been obtained regarding the structure of the underlying
distribution. The findings underscore the versatility and power of
q-Bernstein and ?-Bernstein polynomials in approximation theory and provide
a deeper understanding of their mathematical foundations and potential
applications.
Novel T Cell reactivities to Hybrid Insulin Peptides in Islet Autoantibody-Positive At-Risk Subjects
Authors: C. Hohenstein Anita , Gallegos Joylynn , Dang Mylinh , Groegler Jason , Broncucia Hali , Tensun Fatima , Waugh Kathleen , Dong Fran , A. James Eddie , Speake Cate , K. Steck Andrea , J. Rewers Marian , A. Gottlieb Peter , Haskins Kathryn , Delong Thomas , L. Baker Rocky
Published: January 2025

Type 1 Diabetes (T1D) is an autoimmune disease mediated by autoreactive T cells. Our studies indicate that CD4 T cells reactive to Hybrid Insulin Peptides (HIPs) play a critical role in T cell-mediated beta-cell destruction. We have shown that HIPs form in human islets between fragments of the C-peptide and cleavage products of secretory granule proteins. To identify T cell specificities contributing to T1D pathogenesis, we tested T cell reactivity from T1D patients or healthy control using an IFN-g ELISPOT assay against a library of 240 C-peptide HIPs. We observed elevated T cell responses to peptide pools containing HIPs that form at the amino acid residues G15, A18 and L26 of C-peptide. In a second cohort of healthy controls, at-risk individuals, and T1D patients, T cell reactivity to HIPs forming at these three residues was monitored. Results indicate that, prior to clinical onset of T1D, there were significantly elevated responses to multiple pools of HIPs, and the magnitude of T cell reactivity to HIPs forming at residue A18 of the C-peptide was increased. Overall, our study identifies new T cell specificities in at-risk subjects and indicates that T cell reactivity to HIPs can be observed before T1D onset.
Perimän ja ympäristön vuorovaikutuksen selvittäminen geneettisessä epidemiologiassa
Authors: Kaprio Jaakko
Published: January 2025

Tässä kirjoituksessa tarkastellaan geneettisessä epidemiologiassa käytettyjä tutkimusasetelmia perimän ja ympäristön vuorovaikutuksen selvittämiseksi. Näitä tutkimusmenetelmiä sovelletaan monen taudin tutkimuksessa, varsinkin sydän- ja verisuonitautien geneettinen epidemiologia on pitkälle kehittynyt. Nopeasti kehittyvä geeniteknologia mullistaa tietomme perimän merkityksestä sairauksien synnyssä. Epidemiologisia tutkimuksia tarvitaan arvioimaan tämän lisääntyvän tiedon merkitystä väestötasolla sekä selvittämään, miten ympäristömme muokkaa perimän vaikutusta. Suomen kehittynyt väestökirjanpito yhdessä korkeatasoisen terveydenhuollon kanssa antaa erinomaisen lähtökohdan tällaisille tutkimuksille.
Epidemiologisen tutkimuksen rooli mielenterveysongelmien torjunnassa
Authors: Lehtinen Ville
Published: January 2025

Kirjoituksessa tarkastellaan ehkäisevän mielenterveystyön strategioita ja ongelmia. Tehokas sairauksien torjunta edellyttäisi tietoa niiden syytekijöistä. Eräs tärkeimmistä ongelmista onkin se, että useimpien mielenterveyden häiriöiden etiologiaa ei tunneta riittävän hyvin, jotta se tarjoaisi selkeitä preventiomahdollisuuksia.
Psykiatrisen epidemiologisen tutkimuksen tuottama tieto on ollut monelta osin myös ristiriitaista tai sellaista, että terveydenhuollon on ollut sitä vaikea hyödyntää omien ehkäisystrategioidensa suunnittelussa. Tältä alueelta tarvitaan edelleen lisää ennen kaikkea spesifisesti kohdennettuja epidemiologisia tutkimuksia.
Thrombocytopenia Due to Plasmodium falciparum Infection and Its Association with Clinical Symptoms, Wad Medani Teaching Hospital, Sudan
Authors: Ebraheem Ahmed Alsiddig , Abdelrahim Yosra Hamad , Gibreel Abdalla Abdelkarem , Elamin MohamedAhmed Abubakr Ali , Nour Bakri Yousif Mohamed , Abdalla Abdualmoniem Omer , Ahmed Hani Mohamed , Ahmed Elhadi Abdalla
Published: January 2025

Background: Malaria is an endemic disease in Sudan, particularly in Gezira State. Malaria causes a significant decrease in the number of platelets in patients. This deficiency can be studied by considering clinical symptoms and parasite levels. This is a study of thrombocytopenia due to Plasmodium falciparum infection and its association with clinical symptoms in Gezira State, Sudan.
Methods: A cross-sectional hospital-based study was conducted at Wad Medani Teaching Hospital among Plasmodium falciparum-infected partic- ipants. Malaria was examined using thick and thin blood film of Giemsa staining preparations. Platelet count, WBC count, and hemoglobin level were measured by an automated blood analyzer (Sysmex). Parasitemia levels were calculated according to plus criteria as (+), (++), (+++), and (++++).
Results: In total, 200 Plasmodium falciparum patients were enrolled. The most commonly observed malaria symptoms were fever, headache, and vomiting, with rates of 94 (188/200), 76% (152/200), and 60.5% (121/200), respectively. In most cases, 80.5% (161/200) were categorized as level (+) of parasitemia. Regarding the hematological investigations, decreased hemoglobin levels were detected in 22% (44/200) cases. Leucopenia and leucocytosis were reported in 8% (16/200) and 20% (40/200) of patients, respectively. Thrombocytopenia was observed among 51% (102/200) of studied patients and categorized as mild 29.5 (59/200), moderate 14% (28/200), and severe 7.5% (15/200). Thrombocytopenia was significantly associated with joint pain (0.016) and skin pallor (0.030). Also, platelet count was significantly associated with TWBCs (p = 0.001) count, while no association was observed between platelet count and degree of parasitemia.
Conclusion: Despite the frequency of low platelet counts due to Plasmodium falciparum malaria in the current study, there were no severe consequences for patients, such as bleeding. The significant association between thrombo- cytopenia and malaria symptoms, such as joint pain and skin pallor, can be studied in more detail.
Modifying the DC Servo Motor Observed by Particle Swarm Optimization Techniques
Authors: Saxena Arti , Panse Vishal R , Asyhari Ardian , Umam Rofiqul , Michalska-Domańska Marta , Dixit Aparna
Published: January 2025

The PID controller's optimized tuning improves the control system's functionality. This work presented the tuning of the PID/FOPID controller by the conventional Ziegler-Nichols (ZN) method and the Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm. The PID controller is the most popular in the industry because it is simple to implement, has good computing ability, and provides a robust system. These methods are implemented on the DC servomotor system to optimize the transient responses like rise time (𝑡𝑟), settling time (𝑡𝑠), and peak overshoot (𝑀𝑝) to get a better result. The PID controller tuned by the conventional ZN method gives a longer settling time, a longer rise time, and a higher peak overshoot. The PSO algorithm is utilized to overcome the significant overshoot and considerable settling time obtained in the conventional Ziegler-Nichols method. Analyzing and comparing the MATLAB simulation results, it is observed that PSO algorithms provide a better-optimized response over the ZN method with FOPID controller in respect of less rise time (𝑡𝑟 =0.0392 sec.), less settling time (𝑡𝑠=0.0605 sec.) and peak overshoot (𝑀𝑝=1.92%). The results obtained by the proposed controller provide better reliability and better response.
The Role of Feedback Training on Early Postoperative Recovery and Anxiety Scores in an Ambulatory Surgical Unit: A Secular Trend Study
Authors: Dukhan Alexander , Yusupov Teymur , Kabra Naama , Ezri Tiberiu , Boaz Mona
Published: January 2025

Background

We used a ten-item postoperative quality of recovery score (QoR-10) to assess the perioperative quality of care in an in-hospital ambulatory surgical unit.

Methods

In Phase 1 of this secular trend study (n=300 patients, 3-months duration), we collected QoR-10 scores and potential confounders, including type of anesthesia and surgery; co-morbidities; and anesthesia components of the Amsterdam scale-measured anxiety scores. Phase 2 was the one-month performance feedback learning phase in which modifiable variables identified in Phase 1 were translated to actionable steps, reinforcing the already existing routine of our department’s clinical practices, including pain, shivering and anxiety. The anesthesiology team was instructed and reminded of these steps using performance feedback methods. In Phase 3 (n=300 patients, 3-month duration) we evaluated the efficacy of this performance feedback instruction. QoR-10 scores were compared between Phase 1 and Phase 3.

Results

Phase 1 identified three modifiable variables as targets for improvement: postoperative shivering; percentage of patients with numerical rating pain scale (NRS)<4; and preoperative anxiety from anesthesia scores. Compared to Phase 1, significantly fewer Phase 3 patients had severe shivering (2.3% vs. 7.3%, p = 0.023), and a greater percentage had NRS < 4 points (79% vs. 49.7%, p <0.001). The percentage of patients with a high anxiety score did not differ between phases. A direct association between anxiety score and QoR-10 score was not detected. The QoR-10 score (median (IQR)) was significantly higher in Phase 3 than Phase 1: 50 (49–50) vs. 49(49–50), p<0.001. In a multivariable logistic regression analysis, odds for a QoR-10 score of 49–50 were 1.92 higher in Phase 3 than Phase 1.

Conclusion

Considering the study limitations, team feedback education contributed to improvement of the QoR-10 score, reduced the proportion of patients with severe shivering and increased the percentage of patients with low pain scores.
Outcomes of Patients Transferred to Tertiary Center by Life-Saving System in Saudi Arabia. A Propensity Score Matching Observational Study
Authors: Soliman Mohammed , Alenzi Hanan , Alfenaikh Rehab , Aletreby Ahmed , Alenzi Malak , Alenzi Hend , Gano Jennifer , Alrashed Rana , Altaymani Yasmeen , Al-Odat Mohammed , Aletreby Waleed
Published: January 2025

Background

Inter-hospital transfer is intended to provide access to centralized special care for critically ill patients, when resources in their hospitals are not available. However, an empirical gap exists in available evidence, as outcomes of transferred patients to higher centers are inconsistent.

Method

Single center propensity score matching retrospective observational study. Life-Saving transfers during 2023 were matched to direct admissions to the ICU. Hospital mortality, ICU length of stay, and costs of both groups were compared.

Results

During the study period, 328 Life-Saving transfers were matched to 656 direct admissions. Propensity score matching eliminated all imbalances between groups. Hospital mortality was not different between groups, there were 114 (34.8%) hospital mortalities of Life-Saving transfers, while there were 216 (32.9%) hospital mortalities of direct admissions, with a percent difference of 1.9% (95% CI: −4.5%, 8.4%); p value = 0.6, this result persisted in the sensitivity analysis. There were no differences in mortality risks for all the studied subgroups except pediatric patients. ICU length of stay of direct admissions and Life-Saving transfers were 10 ± 13.1 and 11.6 ± 12.4 days respectively, mean difference was statistically significant (−1.6 [95% CI: −3.2, 0.1]; p = 0.005). Life-Saving transfers entailed significantly higher costs per admission by 28,200 thousand SAR (95% CI: 26,400 – 30,000; p < 0.001).

Conclusion

Our study shows no difference in hospital mortality between Life-Saving transfers and direct admissions to ICU, however, Life-Saving transfers had a longer ICU length of stay, and higher costs per admission.
The Analgesic Effect of Morphine on Peripheral Opioid Receptors: An Experimental Research
Authors: Jafal Nader-Mugurel , Stoleru Smaranda , Zugravu Aurelian , Orban Carmen , Popescu Mihai , Marin Ruxandra Cristina , Fulga Ion-Gigel
Published: January 2025

Opioids represent one of the key pillars in postoperative pain management, but their use has been associated with a variety of serious side effects. Thus, it is crucial to investigate the timing and course of opioid administration in order to ensure a best efficacy to side-effect profile. The aim of our article was to investigate the analgesic effects of locally administered morphine sulfate (intraplantar) in a carrageenan-induced inflammation model in rats. After carrageenan administration, the rats were divided into 10 equal groups and were injected with either morphine 5 mg/kg or 0.9% saline solution at different time intervals, depending on the assigned group. The analgesic effect was assessed through thermal stimulation. Our results showed that paw withdrawal time was significantly higher in rats treated with morphine compared to those in the control group 9.18 ± 3.38 compared to 5.14 ± 2.21 seconds, p=0.012). However, differences were more pronounced at certain time intervals post-carrageenan administration (at 180 minutes compared to 360 minutes, p=0.003 and at 180 minutes compare to 1440 minutes p<0.001), indicating that efficacy varies depending on the timing of treatment. In conclusion, our findings support the hypothesis that locally administered morphine may alleviate pain under inflammatory conditions and underscores the importance of considering treatment timing when evaluating the analgesic effect.
Exploring where and why rural tourism occurs: The case of Croatia and the Ravni Kotari region
Authors: Blaće Ante , Brkić-Vejmelka Jadranka , Pejdo Ana
Published: January 2025

The paper examines factors influencing the development and spatial distribution of rural tourism in Croatia according to the EU classifications of municipalities as urban, rural and proper rural areas. The tourist traffic figures for selected years were computed and the association of socio-economic variables and tourism development index (dependent variable) within these three areas were considered. Semi-structured interviews with stakeholders in Ravni Kotari, a rural region in Littoral Croatia, supplemented the quantitative analysis. The findings indicate that proximity to the coast and overall economic development emerge as the primary factors associated with rural tourism development. The interviews reveal a trend in rural tourism development, specifically in the form of luxury holiday homes, while highlighting the lack of other tourist facilities.
ASSESSMENT OF MT1A AND MT2A GENE EXPRESSION IN THE LIVER OF RATS DURING ALUMINUM HYDROXIDE INTOXICATION
Authors:   Ufa Research Institute of Occupational Medicine and Human Ecology, Valova Yana Valerievna , Gizatullina Alina Anvarovna , Smolyankin Denis Anatolyevich , Baygildin Samat Sagadatovich , Kudoyarov Eldar Renatovich , Muhammadieva Guzel Fanisovna , Karimov Denis Olegovich
Published: January 2025

Aluminum is one of the most widely used metals in a variety of industries, including the food and pharmaceutical industries, resulting in the human body being exposed to significant amounts of metal and/or its compounds on a daily basis. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the expression of the Mt1a and Mt2a genes in the liver of rats during intoxication with various doses of aluminum hydroxide in a subacute experimental model. Expression in kidney tissue was assessed by real-time PCR. As a result of the experiment, it was shown that oral administration of aluminum hydroxide at a dose of 0.15 mg/kg for 1 month led to a decrease in the level of expression of the MT1A and MT2A genes in the liver of experimental rats
ANALYSIS OF THE SURGICAL TREATMENT RESULTS OF BENIGN LUNG FORMATIONS
Authors:   Ulyanovsk State University, Institute of Medicine, Ecology, and Physical Education, Murtazin Almaz Rustamovich , Toneev Evgeny Aleksandrovich ,   Regional Clinical Oncology Dispensary of the Ulyanovsk Regional Health Authority,   Ulyanovsk State University, Institute of Medicine, Ecology, and Physical Education, Prokhorov Daniil Dmitrievich
Published: January 2025

This article presents an assessment of the results of surgical treatment of benign formations and an
analysis of these results.
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF MUSCLE-SPARING AND VIDEO-ASSISTED THORACOTOMY
Authors:   Ulyanovsk State University, Institute of Medicine, Ecology, and Physical Education, Mukhutdinova Aliia Naisovna , Martynova Ekaterina Vyacheslavovna , Shagdaleev Roman Fatychovich
Published: January 2025

The postoperative outcomes of muscle-sparing thoracotomy are evaluated, and a comparative analysis
of these outcomes with video-assisted thoracotscopy is performed
THE INFLUENCE OF THE SPECIFICS OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY ON THE ARCH OF THE FOOT OF ATHLETES OF DIFFERENT SPECIALIZATIONS
Authors:   Tyumen State Medical University, Zubik Grigoriy Vasilyevich , Grimak Elizaveta Sergeevna , Orlov Sergey Aleksandrovich , Ahmatov Vladimir Nikolaevich , Kolomys Vasiliy Evgenievich , Chiryatieva Tatyana Viktorovna
Published: January 2025

Foot deformities are a medical and social problem that requires a multidisciplinary approach, as it directly affects people’s life activities. Recently, orthopedists and traumatologists are increasingly making diagnoses of disturbances in the configuration of the supporting surface and flat feet, moreover, pointing to the acquired nature of these changes. Among persons with identified signs of impaired support function of the feet, athletes occupy a special place.
DYNAMICS OF SPECTRAL ANALYSIS PARAMETERS OF HEART RATE VARIABILITY IN THE ORTHOSTATIC TEST IN MEDICAL ACADEMY STUDENTS
Authors:   Khanty-Mansiysk State Medical Academy, Vekesser Vladislav Sergeevich
Published: January 2025

In the period 2023–2024, a study was conducted: HRV at rest and during a functional test – orthostatic test. The presented results of statistical analysis of the levels of HRV spectrum parameters in students and the dynamics of their parameters during the orthostatic test create the basis for analysis for further grouping of data.
TOTAL COAGULATION ACTIVITY OF BLOOD CELLS AND PLASMA COAGULATION AGAINST THE BACKGROUND OF ADDITIONAL ADMINISTRATION OF BLACK CUMIN OIL
Authors:   Khanty-Mansiysk State Medical Academy, Babaeva Diana Arsenovna , Evsyutina Irina Andreevna
Published: January 2025

Recently, the use of a biologically active additive – black cumin oil has become relevant. Therefore, we considered it promising to study the nature and direction of general coagulation activity and platelet hemostasis in modeling endogenous thrombinemia against the background of additional administration of black cumin oil, in order to study hemostasis shifts.
DOSE LOADS WHEN CARRYING OUT SCREENING STUDIES IN DETERMINING NON-PALPABLE BREAST CANCER
Authors:   Department of Modern Methods of Diagnostics and Radiotherapy named after, Klimenko Polina Yurievna
Published: January 2025

Breast cancer (BC) occupies a leading position in the structure of cancer diseases in women around the world. According to the GLOBOCAN database, as of 2022, 2,296,840 new cases of breast cancer in women have been registered, which is 11.5% of all cancer cases. This fact makes breast cancer the most common cancer among women. The use of X-ray mammography as a screening method leads to more frequent and earlier diagnosis of non-palpable breast formations. In the Russian Federation, there is no criterion for the quality of tomosynthesis in regulatory documents and approved methods of dosimetric monitoring during its implementation (Federal Law, National Regulations, GOSTs, etc.). There are no fully developed and put into practice methods for assessing doses and acceptance criteria (how to evaluate and measure the entrance dose, dose in the gland, air kerma, effective dose and by what methods.
A CLINICAL CASE OF PICKWICK SYNDROME WITH THE DEVELOPMENT OF A CHRONIC PULMONARY HEART
Authors:   Khanty-Mansiysk State Medical Academy, Sadrieva Elena Valerievna , Alieva Sabrina Aflatunovna , Kiprina Sofya Andreevna
Published: January 2025

The article considers a clinical case of the development of Pickwick syndrome in a 21-year-old patient with the formation of a chronic pulmonary heart (CHL) of thoracophrenic genesis. It was found that the trigger for the development of Pickwick syndrome was extreme obesity with the subsequent development of CHL.
Analisis Integrasi Metode Quality Risk Management dan Hoshin Kanri Sebagai Upaya Peningkatan Produktivitas
Authors: Ar Rafli Ferdiansyah , Prabowo Rony
Published: January 2025

Quality is the level of the inherent character of a product. One of the company's efforts is to produce quality products that consumers want while still managing risks that can affect the quality of each product. But the company still finds products that do not meet standard specifications, Quality Risk Management is carried out to identify risks through brainstorming and analyzing, and determining what factors can cause product defects and managing risks using the House of Risk to reduce risks that occur, and 29 risk agents cause the product does not meet specifications and 14 preventive actions as mitigation measures. At Hoshin, Kanri produces efforts to achieve company goals by providing improvement suggestions, Targets to Improve-Top level Improvement-Annual Objectives-3-5year Breakthrough Objectives.
A novel versatile platform as efficient deoxydehydration (DODH) catalysts: Keggin polyoxometalates
Authors: Magerat Alixandre , Hermans Sophie , Gaigneaux Eric
Published: January 2025

Despite their high tunability and versatility, the use of Keggin polyoxometalates (POMs) as deoxydehydration (DODH) catalysts has never been investigated. In this contribution, we report for the very first time the promising catalytic performances in DODH of 1,2-hexanediol (chosen as model substrate) of tetrabutylammonium phosphododecamolybdate (TBAPMo12) (100% conversion, 52% selectivity). This Keggin salt was easily obtained by ion metathesis and precipitation of the commercially available H3PMo12O40 (HPMo12) with TBABr. Additionally, we show that it is possible to boost the catalytic performances of (TBA)3PW12O40 (TBAPW12), which in its pristine form is not as performant (45% conversion, 23% selectivity) as its Mo counterpart. To do so, the monolacunary form of PW was synthesized ((TBA)4H3PW11O39 = TBAHPW11) and then metalated with a Re precursor, yielding a very active (100% conversion, 73% selectivity) (TBA)4PW11ReVO40 (TBAPW11Re) mixed-metal compound. TBAPW11Re was fully characterized by IR, 31P NMR, ICP-AES, UV-vis and elemental analysis and its catalytic nature was investigated together with TBAPMo. Cold filtration tests and recycling experiments revealed that it is their partial dissolution that leads to DODH-active species. IR and 31P NMR data indicated that these species are dissolved PMo and PW11Re polyoxometalates themselves.
On the origin of stability in the Li-LiPON solid electrolyte interphase
Authors: Turrell Stephen J , Liang Yi , Cai Tiancheng , Jagger Ben , Pasta Mauro
Published: January 2025

Lithium phosphorus oxynitride (LiPON) is one of the few solid electrolytes that forms a truly passivating solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) when in contact with metallic lithium. Investigations into the origin of this stability may provide the insights needed to replicate it in the SEIs of alternative solid electrolyte materials. In this study we used in situ lithium plating X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) to investigate the formation and evolution of the Li-LiPON SEI for the first time. We show that the SEI is chemically and structurally inhomogeneous, with the fully reduced compounds identified in previous studies (Li2O, Li3N and Li3P) concentrated near the lithium metal side and partially lithiated species, including Lix P, predominant closer to the LiPON side. Li3P and Lix P have recently been suggested as enablers of continuous SEI growth in thiophosphate solid electrolytes. We suggest that the stability of the Li-LiPON SEI is derived from a combination of the LiPON reduction potential (0.68 V vs. Li+/Li), which is below the oxidation potentials of the fully reduced SEI compounds, and the graded structure of the SEI, which ensures that the most reduced species are not in physical or electrical contact with the LiPON layer.
Reinvestigating the mechanism of acid-catalyzed cyclization of alkyl biphenyl-2-carboxylate
Authors: DAS TANMAY , MOHAR MRITTIKA
Published: January 2025

The strong acid-catalyzed conversion of alkyl esters of biphenyl-2-carboxylic acid to fluorenone derivatives via alcohol elimination is a well-established mechanism in organic chemistry. This reaction typically proceeds through an acid-catalyzed acyl-oxygen cleavage followed by an intramolecular aromatic electrophilic substitution reaction leading to the formation of fluorenone. We became interested to explore the alternate mechanism while quenching the nitration reaction of the methyl ester of biphenyl-2-carboxylic acid; we observed the effervescence of a colorless gas, which was found to be the mixture of H2 and CO2 after the gas chromatography analysis. Later, the same experiment was performed with the ethyl ester of biphenyl-2-carboxylic acid and the evolved gas was checked using gas chromatography. The analysis revealed the presence of both CO2 and CO in the collected gas sample. This unexpected result led us to propose an intriguing parallel mechanism through the formation of alkyl nitrate.
Going beyond SMILES enumeration for generative deep learning in low data regimes
Authors: Brinkmann Helena , Argante Antoine , ter Steege Hugo , Grisoni Francesca
Published: January 2025

Data augmentation can alleviate the limitations of small molecular datasets for generative deep learning, by ‘artificially inflating’ the number of instances available for training. SMILES enumeration – whereby multiple valid SMILES strings are used to represent the same molecules – has resulted particularly beneficial to improve the quality of de novo molecule design. Here, we investigate whether rethinking SMILES augmentation techniques could further enhance the quality of de novo design. To this end, we introduce four approaches for SMILES augmentation in de novo design, drawing inspiration from natural language processing and chemistry insights: (a) token deletion, (b) atom masking, (c) bioisosteric substitution, and (d) self-training. Via a systematic analysis, our results show the promise of considering additional strategies for SMILES augmentation. Every strategy showed distinct advantages, with atom masking resulting particularly promising to learn desirable physico-chemical properties in very low-data regimes. This new repertoire of SMILES augmentation strategies expands the available toolkit to design molecules with bespoke properties in low-data scenarios.
A Cutting-Edge Approach to Predictive Precision in Oncology Using a Geneto-Neuro-Fuzzy Hybrid Model
Authors: Oghorodi D. , Atajeromavwo E.  J. , Okpako A. E. , Ekruyota G. , Chinedu N. B. , Ohwo S. , Opuh J. I. , Osakwe G. O. , Nwankwo W.
Published: January 2025

Purpose: This study introduces a pioneering hybrid model that combines genetic algorithms, neuro-fuzzy logic, and mobile agent technology to enhance predictive precision for early-stage prostate cancer diagnosis.
Design/Methodology/Approach: One hundred and twenty records of prostate cancer patients were initially collected from the Delta State University Teaching Hospital, Oghara, Nigeria. Each patient’s record included relevant data on prostate disease, such as age, PSA levels, clinical history, symptom severity, biopsy results, and other demographic and clinical factors. This data was extracted and stored as rules in a MySQL database, with the MySQL Fuzzy Extension enabling fuzzy data storage and processing.
Findings: Extensive simulations and clinical data analyses demonstrate the model’s superior sensitivity and specificity in detecting early-stage prostate cancer compared to traditional diagnostic methods. Medical expert evaluations validate the model’s effectiveness as a promising diagnostic alternative.
Research Limitation: While results are promising, the study is limited to simulations and a controlled clinical dataset.
Practical Implications: The system offers a practical, scalable early prostate cancer detection solution that could revolutionise current diagnostic practices.
Social Implications: Potential social benefits include improved patient outcomes, reduced healthcare costs, and better quality of life.
Originality/Value: This study presents an innovative integration of genetic algorithms, neuro-fuzzy systems, and mobile agent technology. This novel approach paves the way for advanced cancer diagnostics and precision medicine.
FORMATION OF LOGISTICAL COSTS AT DAIRY ENTERPRISES: BIBLIOMETRIC ANALYSIS
Authors:   AL-FARABI KAZAKH NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, Issayeva Аyman , Beisenova Madina , Turarova Dauren , Dyrka Stefan
Published: January 2025

The article discusses the formation of logistical costs in the dairy industry using bibliometric analysis. The main attention is paid to the research of scientific works and modern techniques aimed at optimiz-ing costs and increasing the economic efficiency of logistics processes in the context of the specifics of the dairy industry. Bibliometric analysis allows us to identify key research areas, trends and gaps in the study of logistics costs, as well as to assess the contribution of various authors and organizations to the development of this field. The conducted research revealed the insufficient representation of scientific publications on the topic of logistics costs in the dairy industry in the international Scopus database over the past five years, which confirms the relevance of this study.The purpose of the article is to identify the main areas of activity of researchers in the academic en-vironment, providing quantitative research data on the mechanism of formation of logistical costs based on bibliographic analysis and evaluation of research sources.The scientific research highlights the need to use modern analytical approaches to better understand the cost structure and develop effective management solutions that will reduce costs and increase the competitiveness of dairy enterprises. The results of the bibliometric analysis make it possible to identify the main authors and study the proposed methodology, which is especially useful for managers, econo-mists and researchers involved in logistics processes in the agro-industrial sector.Special attention is paid to the methodology of bibliometric analysis, which made it possible to identify key trends, gaps and promising areas in the study of logistics costs. The results of the analysis are focused on solving practical tasks of the dairy industry, including optimizing the transportation, storage and distribution of dairy products. The data obtained became the basis for the development of effective strategies for managing logistics processes that help reduce costs and increase the competitiveness of dairy enterprises.For research in bibliometric analysis, the main task of the research will be data processing and analy-sis using the capabilities of special programs and devices such as Vosviewer based on data from modern bibliographic databases SCOPUS, Web of Science, Mendeley.
DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION OF HIGHER EDUCATION: CHALLENGES OF THE TIME
Authors:   AL-FARABI KAZAKH NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, Vasic Bibigul , Sardarova Zhannat , Kismetova Galiya
Published: January 2025

The presented article is the result of scientific work, which explores the key aspects and character-istics of the process of digital transformation in the modern higher education system. Since 2018, the Republic of Kazakhstan has been implementing the “Digital Kazakhstan” program, which focuses on five main areas: “Digitalization of economic sectors,” “Transition to a digital state,” “Implementation of the Digital Silk Road,” “Development of human capital,” and “Creation of an innovation ecosystem.”The review of scientific and theoretical literature has helped to underscore the role of information technology in the digital transformation of higher education N.Yu. Ignatova pointed out this role, where education is one of the basic areas of human life. These include 1. Digital advantage – building intellec-tual capital. 2. Problems of IT education. 3. Pandemic and digital transformation in education. 4. Cluster principles of education development. The primary aim of our research is to examine the role of information technology in the digital transformation of higher education. The primary materials for the study included scientific and theoreti-cal resources, university accounting records, and completed forms with respondents’ answers gathered through socio-pedagogical diagnostics. Research methods include analyzing psychological, pedagogi-cal, socio-economic, and technical literature related to the research problem; conducting comparative and system-structural analyses; and utilizing sociological surveys and questionnaires.The results include a description of the transformational processes occurring within the higher edu-cation system, the terminology framework of didactics in the modern educational process in light of digital transformation, and findings from a sociological survey of students and faculty at the Pedagogical Department of K. Zhubanov Aktobe Regional University.
The Graphic Novel as a Means to Explore Philosophies of the Subconscious and Memory. Helping Chinese youth contribute to the current discourse on the “Lying Flat” Crisis.
Authors:   , Liu Xiayuan
Published: January 2025

Currently, Chinese young people are under a lot of pressure, this has caused a series of social phenomena to emerged, such as the 996 working system (overtime hours), Lying flat (Zhang & Li 2022) (refusal to work), a rise in civil servant examination applicants (He 2022) (for secure jobs), and temple visits (Xiecheng Website 2023) (of a manifestation of hopeful thinking). In this thesis, I want to explore how using visuals and storytelling in a comic can contribute to the current discourse on these social issues confronting Chinese youth. To achieve this, I have read academic literature and graphic novels, integrating a broad spectrum of insights, and forming a solid grounding for the resulting comic. The philosophies of The Big Other (Jacque Lacan), trauma and healing (Slavoj Žižek), and The Angel of History (Walter Benjamin) form the theoretical background, help to explain the social issues Chinese young people are currently experiencing from a different angles. This thesis is a practice-based research project. Based on the literature review, my design output is a comic reflecting these social phenomenon from the perspective of a 25-year-old person. The research portfolio, including the comic and the thesis, serve as an example of how to use graphic novels to contribute to current social phenomenon.
Psychological stress among university students in wartime: A longitudinal study
Authors: Mykhaylyshyn U. B. , Stadnik A. V. , Melnyk Yu. B. , Vveinhardt J. , Oliveira M. S. , Pypenko I. S.
Published: January 2025

Background and Aim of Study: War has an extremely negative effect on people’s psyches. This is especially true for student youth. They have to build personal lives and continue their studies in these difficult and traumatic conditions.
The aim of the study: to identify the peculiarities of the dynamics of psychological trauma, and the manifestations of depression, anxiety and stress among students in wartime.
Material and Methods: The study involved university students from Ukraine and European Union countries in 2022-2024. Respondents aged 20-50 years were divided into 4 groups. Group 1 consisted of 107 students, including 64 (59.8%) males and 43 (40.2%) females, living in areas where there was no hostilities or shelling (November 2022). Group 2 consisted of 103 students, including 52 (50.5%) males and 51 (49.5%) females, living in the area of active hostilities (November 2022). Group 3 consisted of 112 students, including 41 (36.6%) males and 71 (63.4%) females, living in areas where there was no hostilities or shelling (March 2024). Group 4 consisted of 115 students, including 30 (26.1%) males and 85 (73.9%) females, living in the area of active hostilities (March 2024). The study involved the development of the author’s questionnaire and the adapted psychological test on the DASS-21, which is available on the Google Forms platform. The technique was found to have adequate internal consistency. Cronbach’s alpha was 0.807.
Results: Longitudinal studies have shown that university students in wartime are characterised by a tendency to increase psychogenics related to martial law, communication and safety. A closer look at the dynamics of psychopathological symptoms revealed a trend towards increased depression and anxiety, as well as a stabilisation of acute stress indicators in all groups. This indicates a serious deterioration in the mental health of the students and a further chronicisation of their neurotic disorders.
Conclusions: The negative impact of the war in Ukraine on the mental health of student youth requires the active implementation of psychological support measures and psychoprophylaxis in accordance with individual psychodiagnostic findings.
Application of Simple Additive Weighting Method for Decision Making for Scholarship Recipients at SMA Angkasa Adisutjipto Yogyakarta
Authors: Indrianingsih Yuliani , Pujiastuti Asih , Mauidzhoh Uyuunul , Leo Muhammad , Nuryatno Edi Triono
Published: January 2025

The SMA Angkasa Adisucipto Yogyakarta scholarship selection process requires an effective and objective approach to ensure that scholarships are awarded to students who meet the relevant criteria. The purpose of this study is to apply the Simple Weighting (SAW) method as a decision support in selecting scholarship recipients. The SAW technique was chosen because it allows for weighting calculations, allowing for a more systematic analysis of the criteria. The criteria used include student academic performance, attendance, behavior, and financial situation, each of which is weighted according to its importance. Eligible student data is processed using the SAW method to determine the final preference score, which is then used to rank prospective scholarship recipients. The results of the study indicate that the SAW method can make accurate and transparent decisions in selecting scholarship recipients. The application of the SAW method not only increases the efficiency of selection, but also reduces the subjectivity that occurs in the evaluation. In summary, the SAW method is very suitable as a decision-making tool based on various criteria, especially in selecting grant recipients.
TRIBUTE TO TABLA LEGEND ZAKIR HUSSAIN
Authors: Bhandari Sugandhi
Published: January 2025

An integral part of Indian Classical Music, Tabla is one of the most popular musical instruments worldwide. Because of its diversity in many other music styles, today Tabla is one of the most used percussion instruments. While the history of tabla is unknown, modern research suggests that it was invented around 1738 by poet, singer, drummer, and scholar Amir Khusro. This led to invention of a new music style called Khayal.
Application of Design Thinking and Chemical Analysis of the Taro Chip Industry in Several Taro Chip Industries in Padang Panjang City
Authors: Amelia Sari Dice , Kasim Anwar , Kasim Fitriani
Published: January 2025

Taro is an important source of carbohydrates, providing 23.7 g per 100 g of raw taro, but its potential use has not been fully realized, one option for its utilization is to produce taro chips. This research aims to use design thinking methodology to create an innovative product development strategy aligned with market demand. The research strategy is to improve the business through design thinking techniques. According to the survey results, the packaging used is in the form of a standing pouch, which features a naturally random shape of taro chips and a citrus leaf balado flavor variant on the chips created through design thinking. Chemical analysis of the taro chips revealed a moisture content of 5.08%, ash of 1.62%, protein of 3.08%, fat of 26.67%, and carbohydrate of 63.56%, following the SNI 01-4305-1996 standard.
Contribution to Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)SDG 2: Zero hunger SDG 3: Good Health and Well-beingSDG 8: Decent Work and Economic GrowthSDG 9: Industry, Innovation, and Infrastructure SDG 12: Responsible Consumption and Production
Infertilidade
Authors: Rocha André de Oliveira , Monteiro Bianca Queiroz , Kashiwabara Tatiliana Geralda Bacelar
Published: January 2025

A infertilidade é a condição em que um casal não consegue conceber uma criança após um ano de relações sexuais regulares e desprotegidas. Este período pode ser reduzido para seis meses se a mulher tiver mais de 35 anos, devido à diminuição natural da fertilidade com a idade.
Neoplasia de Colo Uterino
Authors: Viana Nicolas Gabriel Vieira , Darnasser Mohammad Aaed Saeed , Kashiwabara Tatiliana Geralda Bacelar
Published: January 2025

A neoplasia do colo do útero, também conhecida como câncer cervical, é uma doença maligna que se origina nas células do colo do útero, a parte inferior e estreita do útero que se conecta à vagina. Este câncer geralmente se desenvolve a partir de alterações celulares pré-cancerosas, muitas vezes causadas por infecção persistente pelo Papilomavírus Humano (HPV), especialmente os tipos de alto risco oncogênico. A neoplasia do colo do útero pode progredir de lesões pré-cancerosas para câncer invasivo se não for detectada e tratada precocemente.
Problemas de Climatério
Authors: Souza Renato Rezende de , Silva Winícius Lopes da , Kashiwabara Tatiliana Geralda Bacelar
Published: January 2025

Climatério é uma fase de transição na vida da mulher que marca o final do período reprodutivo e o início da senescência, incluindo neste período a perimenopausa, menopausa e a pós- menopausa, apresentando com principal característica uma diminuição progressiva da função ovariana.
Retenção Urinária e Problemas de Próstata
Authors: Paulino João Olívio de Oliveira , Barroso João Victor Vieira , Kashiwabara Tatiliana Geralda Bacelar
Published: January 2025

A retenção urinária é a incapacidade de urinar voluntariamente, resultando em uma bexiga que permanece parcialmente cheia. A retenção urinária aguda ocorre de maneira súbita e geralmente está associada a sintomas como distensão abdominal inferior, dor suprapúbica, inchaço, urgência intensa e desconforto geral. Esta condição é a emergência urológica mais comum no mundo, afetando predominantemente os homens, com a causa mais comum sendo a hiperplasia prostática benigna (HPB).
Radiografia de Tórax
Authors: Fraga Ana Beatriz Carvalho , Matos Brenda Sousa , Kashiwabara Tatiliana Geralda Bacelar
Published: January 2025

A radiografia de tórax, embora seja uma técnica de imagem com mais de cem anos, continua a ser o exame radiológico mais frequentemente realizado em todo o mundo. No entanto, a sua interpretação permanece complexa. Diversos fatores contribuem para a dificuldade na análise, apesar da simplicidade do procedimento em si.
Angina
Authors: Assis Laura Vieira de , Andrade Letícia Kimberly Barbosa de , Kashiwabara Tatiliana Geralda Bacelar
Published: January 2025

A angina é uma manifestação clínica caracterizada por dor na região do tórax. Ademais, pode ser classificada em estável e instável. A primeira usualmente tem início por fatores, como estresse e atividade física e é normalmente reduzida com o uso de nitroglicerina e com o repouso. Já a instável pode se apresentar em repouso, com duração maior que 20 minutos.
Doença Venosa
Authors: Soares Karine Martins , Côrtes Júlia Alves , Kashiwabara Tatiliana Geralda Bacelar
Published: January 2025

A doença venosa ocorre devido a um funcionamento anormal do sistema venoso, resultante de uma incompetência valvular, que pode ou não estar associada à obstrução do fluxo venoso. Essa condição pode afetar o sistema venoso superficial, profundo ou ambos. Entre as principais doenças venosas estão: varizes dos membros inferiores, trombose venosa, síndrome pós-trombótica, insuficiência venosa crônica, varizes pélvicas e doença venosa crônica.
Manejo de Anticoagulação
Authors: Campolina Larissa Cristina Campos , Dornellas Laressa Silva , Kashiwabara Tatiliana Geralda Bacelar
Published: January 2025

A anticoagulação é o processo de prevenção ou tratamento da formação de coágulos sanguíneos no sistema circulatório. Esses coágulos podem ser prejudiciais, levando a condições como trombose venosa profunda, embolia pulmonar e acidente vascular cerebral (AVC). O objetivo da anticoagulação é evitar a formação desses coágulos ou impedir que eles se tornem maiores, reduzindo assim o risco de complicações graves.
Sovereignty and the global migration crisis: Legal and humanitarian challenges
Authors: Jinyoung Hwang
Published: January 2025

Migration as a phenomenon is recognized as a major global problem which challenges state sovereignty and international law. Triggered by inevitable, conflict, environmental issues, poverty, and political volatilities an estimated millions of people are forced to relocate, making it a legal and humanitarian crisis. A crucial conflict in this matter is between state autonomy over border control and state’s legal commitment to refugees and migrants under human rights law and the 1951 Refugee Convention. Despite the fact, some countries take responsibility with providing asylum, others focus on protection of their national interests using politico-legal measures such as, closed borders, detention centers and deportation. Using doctrinal sources and comparative case legal research involving the European Migration Crisis and the Mexican-American border countries this research maps out ways in which sovereignty affects states’ compliance with international migration treaty provisions and refugee protection regimes. The study also assesses international agencies, the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR), and regional frameworks as the drivers of state conduct. In particular, the main concern of the dissertation is changing sovereignty in the context of globalization, and based on this, the legal, policy, and institutional measures to balance the national interests and humanitarian goals of the international community, the importance of collective actions and the effective implementation of international legal norms. The goal is thus to present coherent guidelines and strategies for enhancing less politicized and more efficient global migration governance arrangements.