bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A noma case report: A warning message from Northern Uganda
Authors: Longo Bianca Maria , Merli Martina , Achana Bonny , Okao Maurice , Smart Okot Godfrey , Ribero Simone , Calcagno Andrea , Montrucchio Giorgia , Orlotti Carmen
Published: July 2024

Noma, or Cancrum oris, is a severe and rapidly progressing gangrenous infection that primarily affects the face. It is most commonly observed in children living in impoverished conditions, especially in sub‐Saharan Africa. Rapid diagnosis and early management are crucial to prevent devastating consequences, such as functional limitations and serious psychological repercussions. Herein, we present a case of an 8‐month‐old child affected by noma, whose positive outcome is attributed to the prompt recognition by healthcare personnel. In our patient, the condition was likely related to malnutrition and the preceding extraction of a deciduous tooth reported by the mother and probably associated with a traditional Ugandan practice called Ebiino. This is the second case reported in Uganda, and given the limited healthcare access in most of the country, coupled with the high prevalence of poverty and other predisposing factors, it becomes evident that the incidence of noma is underestimated. Noma, as a neglected disease, requires greater awareness within communities and among healthcare professionals. A collective effort is needed to significantly reduce risk factors and promote prevention of this life‐threatening disease.
Effect of Curcuma xanthorrhiza Extracts on the Phytochemical Content, Antioxidant Activity and Lactobacillus casei Growth
Authors: Ngadirin Nur Shamiera , Hasham@Hisam Rosnani , Sulaiman Nurul Jannah , Mohd Ariffin Nor Hazwani
Published: July 2024

Curcuma xanthorrhiza (CX) has been reported as the most widely cultivated species in Southeast Asia. It is commonly found in the wild and has been traditionally used for medicinal purposes. The rhizome and root of CX contain constituents that offer various health benefits, including the treatment of skin inflammations and acne, as well as having antioxidant properties. Recently, numerous herbal products and traditional medicines made from CX have appeared in the market, available in forms such as capsules and bottled drinks. However, no research has yet validated the potential of growing Lactobacillus casei (L. casei) probiotic bacteria in CX extracts. The aim of this study is to determine the total phytochemical content of CX extracts, the antioxidant activity of CX extracts, and the prebiotic potential of CX. In this article, the chemical contents of CX, including total phenolics, total flavonoids, and antioxidant activity, have been studied using the Folin-Ciocalteu method, the aluminum chloride colorimetric method, and the DPPH free radical scavenging assay for antioxidant activity. The studies were conducted using three different methods of extracting CX: methanol-maceration, fresh juiced, and fresh boiled CX. The prebiotic potential of CX was studied using the L. casei probiotic strain. From the methanol-maceration extraction, the values of TPC and TFC are 111.55 ± 13.64 μg GAE/mg DW and 27.30 ± 7.75 μg QE/mg DW, respectively. Meanwhile, for the fresh juiced extraction, the TPC and TFC values are 30.513 ± 0.917 μg GAE/mg DW and 43.81 ± 5.13 μg QE/mg DW, respectively. Lastly, the boiled extraction method yields a TPC of 10.85 ± 0.21 μg GAE/mg DW and a TFC of 8.00 ± 0.49 μg QE/mg DW. At a concentration of 2000 μg/mL, the scavenging activity of the fresh juiced extraction reached a plateau of 89.33%. Meanwhile, at the same concentration, the scavenging effects of CX fresh methanol maceration and fresh boiled extraction are 61.39% and 49.81%, respectively. The L. casei strain was shown to be actively growing in CX extracts within the first 24 hours; however, after 24 hours, the growth remained almost constant. This may be due to the limited supply of CX extracts for the growth of the probiotic L. casei strain. Altogether, these results demonstrate that CX is a potential source of valuable bioactive compounds that could be used in medical, pharmaceutical, and food industries.
A review on User Experience Model in Mobile Educational Games Evaluation
Authors: Syed Yasin Sharifah Nurul Hikmah , Ibrahim Roslina
Published: July 2024

This review explores the models and frameworks used to evaluate user experience in mobile educational games. A number of seven studies were selected based on their MEG evaluation explorations. Based on the literature, three models were found in MEG user experience evaluation: playability heuristics, MEEGA+, and UEQ, where playability heuristics was the most adopted model. The review found that all of the models used have the ability to evaluate the MEG thoroughly. However, based on the definition and requirement of user experience and MEG, the models were found to be lacking in evaluating the educational and mobility part of the MEG and the immersion and flow component, where all of these components are pertinent to the MEG user experience. Therefore, this review suggests that more exploration is needed to provide a more comprehensive model for evaluating user experience for MEG.
Leaching Efficiency of 238U and 232Th series from Granitic Soils
Authors: Ahmadi Ahmad Zaher , Syazwan Mohd Sanusi Mohamad , Afghan Rahmatullah
Published: July 2024

Granitic soil, a uranium (U) and thorium (Th)-bearing soil body, can be sourced to extract fissionable nuclides through leaching using acidic solutions. Limited research indicates the feasibility of extracting U and Th from granitic sources, necessitating further studies to optimize leaching efficiency and its potential as a fissionable fuel. This study investigates the leaching efficiency of the uranium 238U and thorium 232Th series, as well as 40K, in granitic soil samples. The study utilized a high-purity germanium detector (HPGe) to quantify the activity levels of the 238U and 232Th series and 40K in the studied samples. The black sand deposit and tin-tailing samples were also utilized to benchmark the finding of the leaching efficiency of the uranium 238U and thorium 232Th in granitic samples. The study found that the leaching samples contained low radioactivity levels that were a few to tenth times lower compared to the original samples, with tin-tailing samples exhibiting the highest leaching activity for 238U (630.05 Bq l-1) and 232Th (512.17 Bq l-1) and comparable to granitic soil samples 238U (437.7 Bq l-1) and 232Th (23.9 Bq l-1). Sulfuric acid showed the most efficient leaching reagent ~ up to 23% and 32% for 232Th and 238U, respectively. In comparison, nitric and hydrochloric acids exhibited low leaching efficiencies, ~ 1 – 13%. Overall, granitic soil shows comparable leaching rates to conventional sources of natural uranium nuclear fuel, making it a potential secondary and alternative nuclear fuel source.
REVIEWS OF ACOUSTICAL PATENTS
Authors: Fulop Sean A.
Published: July 2024

The purpose of these acoustical patent reviews is to provide enough information for a Journal reader to decide whether to seek more information from the patent itself. Any opinions expressed here are those of the reviewers as individuals and are not legal opinions. Patents are available via the Internet at the USPTO website.
Study protocol for ADAPT-TDM: A beta-lactam antibiotic Dose AdaPtation feasibility randomised controlled Trial using Therapeutic Drug Monitoring
Authors: Pai Mangalore Rekha , Chai Ming Gene , Pope Jeffrey , Lee Sue J , Padiglione Alexander , Diehl Arne , Roberts Llyod , Sim Kirsty , Rawson-Harris Philip , Wicha Sebastian , Schneider Hans G , Peel Trish N , Jenney Adam , Ayton Darshini , Peleg Anton Y , Udy Andrew A
Published: July 2024

Introduction

Critically ill patients are at risk of suboptimal beta-lactam antibiotic (beta-lactam) exposure due to the impact of altered physiology on pharmacokinetics. Suboptimal concentrations can lead to treatment failure or toxicity. Therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) involves adjusting doses based on measured plasma concentrations and individualising dosing to improve the likelihood of improving exposure. Despite its potential benefits, its adoption has been slow, and data on implementation, dose adaptation and safety are sparse. The aim of this trial is to assess the feasibility and fidelity of implementing beta-lactam TDM-guided dosing in the intensive care unit setting.

Methods and analysis

A beta-lactam antibiotic Dose AdaPtation feasibility randomised controlled Trial using Therapeutic Drug Monitoring (ADAPT-TDM) is a single-centre, unblinded, feasibility randomised controlled trial aiming to enroll up to 60 critically ill adult participants (≥18 years). TDM and dose adjustment will be performed daily in the intervention group; the standard of care group will undergo plasma sampling, but no dose adjustment. The main outcomes include: (1) feasibility of recruitment, defined as the number of participants who are recruited from a pool of eligible participants, and (2) fidelity of TDM, defined as the degree to which TDM as a test is delivered as intended, from accurate sample collection, sample processing to result availability. Secondary outcomes include target attainment, uptake of TDM-guided dosing and incidence of neurotoxicity, hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity.

Ethics and dissemination

This study has been approved by the Alfred Hospital human research ethics committee, Office of Ethics and Research Governance (reference: Project No. 565/22; date of approval: 22/11/2022). Prospective consent will be obtained and the study will be conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. The finalised manuscript, including aggregate data, will be submitted for publication in a peer reviewed journal. ADAPT-TDM will determine whether beta-lactam TDM-guided dose adaptation is reproducible and feasible and provide important information required to implement this intervention in a phase III trial.

Trial registration number

Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry, ACTRN12623000032651.
What is known about the role of external facilitators during the implementation of complex interventions in healthcare settings? A scoping review
Authors: Girard Ariane , Doucet Amélie , Lambert Mireille , Ouadfel Sarah , Caron Genève , Hudon Catherine
Published: July 2024

Objective

To synthesise current knowledge about the role of external facilitators as an individual role during the implementation of complex interventions in healthcare settings.

Design

A scoping review was conducted. We reviewed original studies (between 2000 and 2023) about implementing an evidence-based complex intervention in a healthcare setting using external facilitators to support the implementation process. An information specialist used the following databases for the search strategy: MEDLINE, CINAHL, APA PsycINFO, Academic Search Complete, EMBASE (Scopus), Business Source Complete and SocINDEX.

Results

36 reports were included for analysis, including 34 different complex interventions. We performed a mixed thematic analysis to synthesise the data. We identified two primary external facilitator roles: lead facilitator and process expert facilitator. Process expert external facilitators have specific responsibilities according to their role and expertise in supporting three main processes: clinical, change management and knowledge/research management.

Conclusions

Future research should study processes supported by external facilitators and their relationship with facilitation strategies and implementation outcomes. Future systematic or realist reviews may also focus on outcomes and the effectiveness of external facilitation.
Comparing performance of primary care clinicians in the interpretation of SPIROmetry with or without Artificial Intelligence Decision support software (SPIRO-AID): a protocol for a randomised controlled trial
Authors: Doe Gillian , El-Emir Ethaar , Edwards George D , Topalovic Marko , Evans Rachael A , Russell Richard , Sylvester Karl P , Van Orshoven Karolien , Sunjaya Anthony P , Scott David A , Prevost A Toby , Harvey Jennifer , Taylor Stephanie JC , Hopkinson Nicholas S , Kon Samantha S , Jarrold Ian , Spain Nannette , Banya Winston , Man William D-C
Published: July 2024

Introduction

Spirometry is a point-of-care lung function test that helps support the diagnosis and monitoring of chronic lung disease. The quality and interpretation accuracy of spirometry is variable in primary care. This study aims to evaluate whether artificial intelligence (AI) decision support software improves the performance of primary care clinicians in the interpretation of spirometry, against reference standard (expert interpretation).

Methods and analysis

A parallel, two-group, statistician-blinded, randomised controlled trial of primary care clinicians in the UK, who refer for, or interpret, spirometry. People with specialist training in respiratory medicine to consultant level were excluded. A minimum target of 228 primary care clinician participants will be randomised with a 1:1 allocation to assess fifty de-identified, real-world patient spirometry sessions through an online platform either with (intervention group) or without (control group) AI decision support software report. Outcomes will cover primary care clinicians’ spirometry interpretation performance including measures of technical quality assessment, spirometry pattern recognition and diagnostic prediction, compared with reference standard. Clinicians’ self-rated confidence in spirometry interpretation will also be evaluated. The primary outcome is the proportion of the 50 spirometry sessions where the participant’s preferred diagnosis matches the reference diagnosis. Unpaired t-tests and analysis of covariance will be used to estimate the difference in primary outcome between intervention and control groups.

Ethics and dissemination

This study has been reviewed and given favourable opinion by Health Research Authority Wales (reference: 22/HRA/5023). Results will be submitted for publication in peer-reviewed journals, presented at relevant national and international conferences, disseminated through social media, patient and public routes and directly shared with stakeholders.

Trial registration number

NCT05933694.
Bayesian inference of the mean power of several Gaussian data
Authors: Mana Giovanni , Palmisano Carlo
Published: July 2024

The uniform prior probability density for the means of normal data leads to inconsistent Bayesian inference of their mean power and jeopardizes the possibility of selecting among different models that explain the data. We reinvestigated the problem avoiding delivering unrecognised information and looking at it in a novel way. Namely, to consider a finite power, we used a normal prior minimally diverging from the uniform one, hyperparameterised by the mean and variance, and left the data to choose the most supported parameters. We also obtained an extended James–Stein estimator averaging the hyper-parameters and avoiding empirical Bayes techniques.

Graphical abstract
Who Benefits from Mass Incarceration? A Stratification Economics Approach to the “Collateral Consequences” of Punishment
Authors: McKay Tasseli , Darity William A. “Sandy”
Published: July 2024

A rich empirical literature documents the consequences of mass incarceration for the wealth, health, and safety of Black Americans. Yet it often frames such consequences as a regrettable artifact of racially disproportionate criminal legal system contact, rather than situating the impetus and functioning of the criminal legal system in the wider context of White political and economic domination. Revisiting a quarter century of mass incarceration research through a stratification economics lens, we highlight how mass incarceration shapes Black–White competition for education, employment, and financial resources and contributes to Black–White disparities in well-being. Highlighting persistent research gaps, we propose a research agenda to better understand how mass incarceration contributes to systematic White advantage. To address mass incarceration's consequences and transform the conditions of White political and economic domination under which it arose, we call for legislative and judicial intervention to remedy White hyper-enfranchisement and reparations to eliminate the Black–White wealth gap.
Polarization, Populism, and the Crisis of American Democracy
Authors: Ross Bertrall L.
Published: July 2024

American democracy is in crisis. The emergence of affective polarization and populism has contributed to a divided America in which both sides perceive every election as an existential threat to their ways of life, values, and democracy itself. Central features of liberal democracy, including the right to vote, the system of checks and balances, and presidential transitions of power, appear to be collectively under threat in ways they have not been since the Civil War. Scholars diverge on both the sources of and responses to the crisis. For some, the problem is too much democracy, and the solution is less. For others, the problem is too little democracy, and the solution is more. This review offers a synthesis of the contrasting accounts of American democracy in crisis and advances a third alternative of better democracy as a key to escaping the crisis.
Transcriptional upregulation of the myo-inositol biosynthesis pathway is enhanced by NFAT5 in hyperosmotically stressed tilapia cells
Authors: Hamar Jens , Cnaani Avner , Kültz Dietmar
Published: July 2024

In our study, we use a multi-pronged synthetic biology approach to demonstrate that the fish homolog of the predominant mammalian osmotic stress transcription factor nuclear factor of activated T-cells (NFAT5) also contributes to the activation of hyperosmolality inducible genes in cells of extremely euryhaline fish. However, in addition to NFAT5 the presence of other strong osmotically inducible signaling mechanisms is required for full activation of osmoregulated tilapia genes.
Development of a New Equivalent Circuit of DGS with Ideal Transformer
Authors: Noun Sreymom , Chhit Sreyrong , Phan Phally , Lim Jong-Sik , Han Sang-Min , Ahn Dal , Jang Youna
Published: July 2024

In this paper, a new equivalent circuit of a rectangular dumbbell‐shaped defected ground structure (DGS) with an ideal transformer is proposed. The proposed circuit incorporates a parallel resistor in the DGS gap, enabling the extraction of the coupling coefficient of DGS occurring in the narrow line gaps. Both circuit simulations and measurements demonstrate excellent agreement, confirming excellent performance compared to the measured results. Unlike the conventional equivalent circuit, which consists only of the lumped element, this one has an accuracy of only DGS units. In the proposed circuit, an ideal transformer has higher accuracy for the DGS in parallel with a resistor. We observed that increasing the resistance of the parallel resistor on the DGS unit leads to a decrease in the coupling coefficient and, conversely, decreasing the resistance prompts an increase in the coupling coefficient. The goal of this study is to develop a new equivalent circuit for a DGS unit with the ideal transformer, especially to find the coupling coefficient that occurred in the DGS gap. Here, we analyzed that the structure of the DGS unit had a gap, and the coupling coefficient must be built into any value. To demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed circuit, DGS was used to design and conduct fabrication and measurement. The advantages of the proposed circuit analysis of the DGS behavior can be used to develop the attenuation pole as a one‐pole low‐pass filter, paving the way for future applications and developments in microwave and RF circuit design.
Supplementary Table S6 from Optimization and Local Cost-Effectiveness of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Screening Strategies in Southern China: Secondary Analysis of the Guangdong Randomized Trial
Authors: Miller Jacob A. , Liu Zhiwei , Pinsky Benjamin A. , Le Quynh-Thu , Li Tong , Yu Kelly J. , Hildesheim Allan , Cao Su-Mei
Published: July 2024

Supplementary Table S6 shows the population-specific results from base case and sensitivity analyses, including analyses by sex, initial screening age, and screening interval.
Supplementary Table S2 from Optimization and Local Cost-Effectiveness of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Screening Strategies in Southern China: Secondary Analysis of the Guangdong Randomized Trial
Authors: Miller Jacob A. , Liu Zhiwei , Pinsky Benjamin A. , Le Quynh-Thu , Li Tong , Yu Kelly J. , Hildesheim Allan , Cao Su-Mei
Published: July 2024

The supplementary table S2 shows NPC mortality reduction and cost-effectiveness among men for serology-based screening strategies in southern China (once-lifetime screening).
Data from Associations of Early-Life and Adult Anthropometric Measures with the Expression of Stem Cell Markers CD44, CD24, and ALDH1A1 in Women with Benign Breast Biopsies
Authors: Oh Hannah , Yaghjyan Lusine , Heng Yujing J. , Rosner Bernard , Mahoney Matt B. , Murthy Divya , Baker Gabrielle M. , Tamimi Rulla M.
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackground:
According to the stem cell hypothesis, breast carcinogenesis may be related to the breast stem cell pool size. However, little is known about associations of breast cancer risk factors, such as anthropometric measures, with the expression of stem cell markers in noncancerous breast tissue.
Methods:
The analysis included 414 women with biopsy-confirmed benign breast disease in the Nurses’ Health Study and Nurses’ Health Study II. Birthweight, weight at age 18, current weight, and current height were reported via self-administered questionnaires. IHC staining of stem cell markers (CD44, CD24, and aldehyde dehydrogenase family 1 member A1) in histopathologically normal epithelial and stromal breast tissue was quantified using an automated computational image analysis system. Linear regression was used to examine the associations of early-life and adult anthropometric measures with log-transformed stem cell marker expression, adjusting for potential confounders.
Results:
Birthweight [≥10.0 vs. <5.5 lbs: β (95% confidence interval) = 4.29 (1.02, 7.56); P trend = 0.001 in the stroma] and adult height [≥67.0 vs. <63.0 inch: 0.86 (0.14, 1.58); P trend = 0.02 in the epithelium and stroma combined] were positively associated with CD44 expression. Childhood body fatness was inversely associated (P trend = 0.03) whereas adult height was positively associated with CD24 expression in combined stroma and epithelium (P trend = 0.03).
Conclusions:
Our data suggest that anthropometric measures, such as birthweight, adult height, and childhood body fatness, may be associated with the stem cell expression among women with benign breast disease.
Impact:
Anthropometric measures, such as birthweight, height, and childhood body fatness, may have long-term impacts on stem cell population in the breast.
Supplementary Data 1 from Clinical and Biomarker Analysis of a Phase I/II Study of PDR001 Plus Imatinib for Advanced Treatment-Refractory Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors
Authors: Kim Hyung-Don , Ryu Min-Hee , Park Young Soo , Yoo Changhoon , Kim Sung-Joo , Kang Yoon-Koo
Published: July 2024

Supplementary Figure S1 Supplementary Figure S2 Supplementary Figure S3 Supplementary Figure S4 Supplementary Figure S5
Supplementary Table S3 from Immunologic Profiling of Immune-Related Cutaneous Adverse Events with Checkpoint Inhibitors Reveals Polarized Actionable Pathways
Authors: Lacouture Mario E. , Goleva Elena , Shah Neil , Rotemberg Veronica , Kraehenbuehl Lukas , Ketosugbo Kwami F. , Merghoub Taha , Maier Tara , Bang Alexander , Gu Stephanie , Salvador Trina , Moy Andrea P. , Lyubchenko Taras , Xiao Olivia , Hall Clifton F. , Berdyshev Evgeny , Crooks James , Weight Ryan , Kern Jeffrey A. , Leung Donald Y.M.
Published: July 2024

Supplementary Table S3. Cancer types and stages of study participants.
Supplementary Figure S3 from Immunologic Profiling of Immune-Related Cutaneous Adverse Events with Checkpoint Inhibitors Reveals Polarized Actionable Pathways
Authors: Lacouture Mario E. , Goleva Elena , Shah Neil , Rotemberg Veronica , Kraehenbuehl Lukas , Ketosugbo Kwami F. , Merghoub Taha , Maier Tara , Bang Alexander , Gu Stephanie , Salvador Trina , Moy Andrea P. , Lyubchenko Taras , Xiao Olivia , Hall Clifton F. , Berdyshev Evgeny , Crooks James , Weight Ryan , Kern Jeffrey A. , Leung Donald Y.M.
Published: July 2024

Supplementary Figure S3. Serum IgE levels in patients with cancer experiencing checkpoint inhibitor induced immune-related cutaneous adverse events (ircAE).
Supplementary Figure S3 from Endometrioid Endometrial RNA Index Predicts Recurrence in Stage I Patients
Authors: Nief Corrine A. , Hammer Phoebe M. , Wang Aihui , Charu Vivek , Tanweer Amina , Litkouhi Babak , Kidd Elizabeth , Gentles Andrew J. , Howitt Brooke E.
Published: July 2024

Supplemental Figure 3: EERI Values in TCGA Subtypes. A) The Stanford-EEC cohort and subgroups. B) The TCGA-UCEC cohort and subgroups. P-values generated by Whitney-Mann U test. Error bars represent 95% confidence intervals.
Supplementary Table S8 from A Machine Learning Algorithm Facilitates Prognosis Prediction and Treatment Selection for Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer Stage C Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Han Ji W. , Lee Soon K. , Kwon Jung H. , Nam Soon W. , Yang Hyun , Bae Si H. , Kim Ji H. , Nam Heechul , Kim Chang W. , Lee Hae L. , Kim Hee Y. , Lee Sung W. , Lee Ahlim , Chang U I. , Song Do S. , Kim Seok-Hwan , Song Myeong J. , Sung Pil S. , Choi Jong Y. , Yoon Seung K. , Jang Jeong W.
Published: July 2024

Comparison of potential prognostic factors before and after propensity-score matching between first-line treatments.
Supplementary Table S3 from A Machine Learning Algorithm Facilitates Prognosis Prediction and Treatment Selection for Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer Stage C Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Han Ji W. , Lee Soon K. , Kwon Jung H. , Nam Soon W. , Yang Hyun , Bae Si H. , Kim Ji H. , Nam Heechul , Kim Chang W. , Lee Hae L. , Kim Hee Y. , Lee Sung W. , Lee Ahlim , Chang U I. , Song Do S. , Kim Seok-Hwan , Song Myeong J. , Sung Pil S. , Choi Jong Y. , Yoon Seung K. , Jang Jeong W.
Published: July 2024

Performances for the prediction of the 12-month survival of each XGBoost model according to the feature selection.
Supplementary Figure S7 from A Machine Learning Algorithm Facilitates Prognosis Prediction and Treatment Selection for Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer Stage C Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Han Ji W. , Lee Soon K. , Kwon Jung H. , Nam Soon W. , Yang Hyun , Bae Si H. , Kim Ji H. , Nam Heechul , Kim Chang W. , Lee Hae L. , Kim Hee Y. , Lee Sung W. , Lee Ahlim , Chang U I. , Song Do S. , Kim Seok-Hwan , Song Myeong J. , Sung Pil S. , Choi Jong Y. , Yoon Seung K. , Jang Jeong W.
Published: July 2024

Diagrams presenting the relative feature importance of the XGBoost model predicting the 1-year survival of the patients with BCLC-C HCC.
Supplementary Figure S2 from A Machine Learning Algorithm Facilitates Prognosis Prediction and Treatment Selection for Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer Stage C Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Han Ji W. , Lee Soon K. , Kwon Jung H. , Nam Soon W. , Yang Hyun , Bae Si H. , Kim Ji H. , Nam Heechul , Kim Chang W. , Lee Hae L. , Kim Hee Y. , Lee Sung W. , Lee Ahlim , Chang U I. , Song Do S. , Kim Seok-Hwan , Song Myeong J. , Sung Pil S. , Choi Jong Y. , Yoon Seung K. , Jang Jeong W.
Published: July 2024

A KNIME workflow evaluates the performance of each machine learning algorithm using a derivation cohort.
Supplementary Table S1 from Spatial Profiling of Ovarian Carcinoma and Tumor Microenvironment Evolution under Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy
Authors: Yaniz-Galende Elisa , Zeng Qinghe , Bejar-Grau Juan F. , Klein Christophe , Blanc-Durand Felix , Le Formal Audrey , Pujade-Lauraine Eric , Chardin Laure , Edmond Elodie , Marty Virginie , Ray-Coquard Isabelle , Joly Florence , Ferron Gwenael , Pautier Patricia , Berton-Rigaud Dominique , Lortholary Alain , Dohollou Nadine , Desauw Christophe , Fabbro Michel , Malaurie Emmanuelle , Bonichon-Lamaichhane Nathalie , Bello Roufai Diana , Gantzer Justine , Rouleau Etienne , Genestie Catherine , Leary Alexandra
Published: July 2024

Primary antibodies used in the multiplex panels for the detection of the different immune populations
Supplementary Table S1 from Monitoring Hepatocellular Carcinoma Using Tumor Content in Circulating Cell-Free DNA
Authors: Lian Shifeng , Lu Chenyu , Li Fugui , Yu Xia , Ai Limei , Wu Biaohua , Gong Xueyi , Zhou Wenjing , Liang Xuejun , Zhan Jiyun , Yuan Yong , Fang Fang , Liu Zhiwei , Ji Mingfang , Zheng Zongli
Published: July 2024

Supplementary Table S1. Baseline characteristics of 67 hospital HCC patients, and patients treated by surgery or TACE with post-treatment sample.
Supplementary Figure S4 from Monitoring Hepatocellular Carcinoma Using Tumor Content in Circulating Cell-Free DNA
Authors: Lian Shifeng , Lu Chenyu , Li Fugui , Yu Xia , Ai Limei , Wu Biaohua , Gong Xueyi , Zhou Wenjing , Liang Xuejun , Zhan Jiyun , Yuan Yong , Fang Fang , Liu Zhiwei , Ji Mingfang , Zheng Zongli
Published: July 2024

Supplementary Figure S4. Temporal change of tumor content in pre-HCC samples. (A) Temporal change of tumor content using blood samples collected 0 to 7 years before clinical diagnosis of HCC. The horizontal dashed line in red indicates cutoff value at 0.03. The solid regression line in black was obtained using locally estimated scatterplot smoothing method. (B) A representative example of genome-wide copy number profile change in an HCC patient with seven samples collected prior to diagnosis. The colors green, blue, dark red, and red correspond to copy number deletion, neutral, gain, and amplification, respectively
Supplementary Figure S2 from Cell-Free Human Papillomavirus DNA Is a Sensitive Biomarker for Prognosis and for Early Detection of Relapse in Locally Advanced Cervical Cancer
Authors: Sivars Lars , Jylhä Cecilia , Crona Guterstam Ylva , Zupancic Mark , Lindqvist Britta , Nordenskjöld Magnus , Tham Emma , Hellman Kristina
Published: July 2024

Supplementary Figure S2. Kaplan–Meier graphs comparing survival according to ctHPV DNA detection in pretreatment plasma.
Supplementary Data S1 from A Cohort Study of CNS Tumors in Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 1
Authors: Graillon Thomas , Romanet Pauline , Camilla Clara , Gélin Camille , Appay Romain , Roche Catherine , Lagarde Arnaud , Mougel Grégory , Farah Kaissar , Le Bras Maëlle , Engelhardt Julien , Kalamarides Michel , Peyre Matthieu , Amelot Aymeric , Emery Evelyne , Magro Elsa , Cebula Hélène , Aboukais Rabih , Bauters Catherine , Jouanneau Emmanuel , Berhouma Moncef , Cuny Thomas , Dufour Henry , Loiseau Hugues , Figarella-Branger Dominique , Bauchet Luc , Binquet Christine , Barlier Anne , Goudet Pierre
Published: July 2024

Detailed including criteria, Registering process, and Legal aspects
Data from Fraction Dose Escalation of Hypofractionated Radiotherapy with Concurrent Chemotherapy and Subsequent Consolidation Immunotherapy in Locally Advanced Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer: A Phase I Study
Authors: Zhou Rui , Liu FangJie , Zhang HongMei , Wang DaQuan , Zhang PengXin , Zheng ShiYang , Liu YiMei , Chen Li , Guo JinYu , Zou YingYi , Rong Yu-Ming , Liu Hui , Qiu Bo
Published: July 2024

AbstractPurpose:
This phase I trial aimed to determine the maximum tolerated fraction dose (MTFD) of hypofractionated radiotherapy (hypo-RT) combined with concurrent chemotherapy and subsequent consolidation immune checkpoint inhibitors (cICI) for patients with locally advanced non–small cell lung cancer.
Patients and Methods:
Split-course hypo-RT and hypoboost combined with concurrent chemotherapy was administered at three dose levels (DL), using a stepwise dose-escalation protocol. The sophisticated esophagus-sparing technique was implemented to restrict the dose to the esophagus. Patients who did not experience disease progression or unresolved ≥grade 2 (G2+) toxicities after RT received cICI. Each DL aimed to treat six patients. The MTFD was defined as the highest DL at which ≤2 patients of the six who were treated experienced treatment-related G3+ toxicity and ≤1 patient experienced G4+ toxicity within 12 months post-RT.
Results:
Eighteen patients were enrolled, with six patients in each DL. All patients completed hypo-RT and concurrent chemotherapy, and 16 (88.9%) received at least one infusion of cICI, with a median of 10 infusions. Within the 12-month assessment period, one patient in DL1 experienced G3 pneumonitis, and one patient in DL3 developed G3 tracheobronchitis. The MTFD was not reached. The objective response rate was 100%. With a median follow-up of 20.9 months, the 1-year overall survival and progression-free survival rates were 94.4% and 83.3%, respectively.
Conclusions:
Utilizing the split-course hypo-RT and hypoboost approach, a fraction dose of 5 Gy to a total dose of 60 Gy, combined with concurrent chemotherapy and subsequent cICI, was well tolerated and yielded a promising objective response rate and survival outcomes.
Data from Safety, Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics, and Antitumor Activity from a Phase I Study of Simlukafusp Alfa (FAP-IL2v) in Advanced/Metastatic Solid Tumors
Authors: Steeghs Neeltje , Gomez-Roca Carlos , Rohrberg Kristoffer S. , Mau-Sørensen Morten , Robbrecht Debbie , Tabernero Josep , Ahmed Samreen , Rodríguez-Ruiz Maria E. , Ardeshir Caroline , Schmid Daniela , Sleiman Nassim , Watson Carl , Piper-Lepoutre Hanna , Dejardin David , Evers Stefan , Boetsch Christophe , Charo Jehad , Teichgräber Volker , Melero Ignacio
Published: July 2024

Purpose:
Simlukafusp alfa [fibroblast activation protein α–targeted IL2 variant (FAP-IL2v)], a tumor-targeted immunocytokine, comprising an IL2 variant moiety with abolished CD25 binding fused to human IgG1, is directed against fibroblast activation protein α. This phase I, open-label, multicenter, dose-escalation, and extension study (NCT02627274) evaluated the safety, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and antitumor activity of FAP-IL2v in patients with advanced/metastatic solid tumors.
Patients and Methods:
Participants received FAP-IL2v intravenously once weekly. Dose escalation started at 5 mg; flat dosing (≤25 mg) and intraparticipant uptitration regimens (15/20, 20/25, 20/20/35, and 20/35/35 mg) were evaluated. Primary objectives were dose-limiting toxicities, maximum tolerated dose, recommended expansion dose, and pharmacokinetics.
Results:
Sixty-one participants were enrolled. Dose-limiting toxicities included fatigue (flat dose 20 mg: n = 1), asthenia (25 mg: n = 1), drug-induced liver injury (uptitration regimen 20/25 mg: n = 1), transaminase increase (20/25 mg: n = 1), and pneumonia (20/35/35 mg: n = 1). The uptitration regimen 15/20 mg was determined as the maximum tolerated dose and was selected as the recommended expansion dose. Increases in peripheral blood absolute immune cell counts were seen for all tested doses [NK cells, 13-fold; CD4+ T cells (including regulatory T cells), 2-fold; CD8+ T cells, 3.5-fold] but without any percentage change in regulatory T cells. Clinical activity was observed from 5 mg [objective response rate, 5.1% (n = 3); disease control rate, 27.1% (n = 16)]. Responses were durable [n = 3, 2.8 (censored), 6.3, and 43.4 months].
Conclusions:
FAP-IL2v had a manageable safety profile and showed initial signs of antitumor activity in advanced/metastatic solid tumors.
Supplementary Figure 8 from CD8-Targeted IL2 Unleashes Tumor-Specific Immunity in Human Cancer Tissue by Reviving the Dysfunctional T-cell Pool
Authors: Kaptein Paulien , Slingerland Nadine , Metoikidou Christina , Prinz Felix , Brokamp Simone , Machuca-Ostos Mercedes , de Roo Guido , Schumacher Ton N.M. , Yeung Yik A. , Moynihan Kelly D. , Djuretic Ivana M. , Thommen Daniela S.
Published: July 2024

Characterization and tumor reactivity of sorted intratumoral CD8+ T cell populations.
Supplementary Figure S9 from IL2 Targeted to CD8+ T Cells Promotes Robust Effector T-cell Responses and Potent Antitumor Immunity
Authors: Moynihan Kelly D. , Kumar Manu P. , Sultan Hussein , Pappas Danielle C. , Park Terrence , Chin S. Michael , Bessette Paul , Lan Ruth Y. , Nguyen Henry C. , Mathewson Nathan D. , Ni Irene , Chen Wei , Lee Yonghee , Liao-Chan Sindy , Chen Jessie , Schumacher Ton N.M. , Schreiber Robert D. , Yeung Yik A. , Djuretic Ivana M.
Published: July 2024

Supplementary Figure S9: scRNAseq analysis of MC38 tumors.
Supplementary Figure S5 from IL2 Targeted to CD8+ T Cells Promotes Robust Effector T-cell Responses and Potent Antitumor Immunity
Authors: Moynihan Kelly D. , Kumar Manu P. , Sultan Hussein , Pappas Danielle C. , Park Terrence , Chin S. Michael , Bessette Paul , Lan Ruth Y. , Nguyen Henry C. , Mathewson Nathan D. , Ni Irene , Chen Wei , Lee Yonghee , Liao-Chan Sindy , Chen Jessie , Schumacher Ton N.M. , Schreiber Robert D. , Yeung Yik A. , Djuretic Ivana M.
Published: July 2024

Supplementary Figure S5: Anti-tumor activity of CD8-mIL2 in combination with anti-PD-1 in B16F10, 1956, MCA-205, and KP.mLama4 tumor models.
Targeted Bias: The Next Swing at IL2 Therapy
Authors: Kulhanek Kayla R. , Kalbasi Anusha
Published: July 2024

Despite its long history of toxicity and limited efficacy, IL2 has re-entered the clinic as a companion to the recently FDA-approved tumor infiltrating lymphocyte therapy. In back-to-back articles, Moynihan and Kaptein introduce a new fusion protein that delivers a biased IL2 mutein to CD8 T cells.

See related article by Moynihan et al., p. 1206 (6).

See related article by Kaptein et al., p. 1226 (7).
Table S3 from Long-term Remissions Following CD20-Directed Chimeric Antigen Receptor–Adoptive T-cell Therapy
Authors: Mo George , Lee Sang Y. , Coffey David G. , Voillet Valentin , Kirsch Ilan R. , Gottardo Raphael , Smythe Kimberly S. , Yeung Cecilia C.S. , Greenbaum Adam , Green Damian J. , Maloney David G. , Till Brian G.
Published: July 2024

Table S3. Cellular composition of post-infusion timepoints.
Table S4 from Genotoxicity Associated with Retroviral CAR Transduction of ATM-Deficient T Cells
Authors: Rozenbaum Meir , Fluss Reut , Marcu-Malina Victoria , Sarouk Ifat , Meir Amilia , Elitzur Sarah , Zinger Tal , Jacob-Hirsch Jasmine , Saar Efrat G. , Rechavi Gideon , Jacoby Elad
Published: July 2024

Alignment details for reads found to be aligned to the CAR vector
Figure S2 from Genotoxicity Associated with Retroviral CAR Transduction of ATM-Deficient T Cells
Authors: Rozenbaum Meir , Fluss Reut , Marcu-Malina Victoria , Sarouk Ifat , Meir Amilia , Elitzur Sarah , Zinger Tal , Jacob-Hirsch Jasmine , Saar Efrat G. , Rechavi Gideon , Jacoby Elad
Published: July 2024

Activation-induced cell death in samples from ATM+/+, ATM+/- and ATM-/- donors.
The Effect of Public Accounting Firm Size, Managerial Ownership, and Company Size on Financial Statement Integrity
Authors: Wahyu Ningrum Wulan , Monica Olivia
Published: July 2024

Financial statements must be presented accurately and unbiasedly so that they can be used as a basis for decision making by stakeholders. Therefore, financial statements must have high integrity. Based on the global context and differences in the results of previous studies, this study aims to replicate previous research using the latest data. This study has a specific objective to determine whether the size of the Public Accounting Firm, managerial ownership and company size, can affect the integrity of financial statements in consumer goods companies during 2020-2022. This study uses multiple regression analysis, with descriptive statistical testing. Based on empirical evidence, the results show that the size of the public accounting firm and company size have a positive effect on the integrity of financial statements. Meanwhile, managerial ownership has a negative effect on the integrity of financial statements.
RGEC-Based Comparative Study of Health Levels in Indonesia's Sharia Banks (2019-2023)
Authors: Subardi Hani Meilita Purnama
Published: July 2024

This research aims to analyze the comparative health ratings of Islamic banking using the RGEC method based on the regulations established by Otoritas Jasa Keuangan (OJK) No. 4/PJOK.03/2016 concerning the Assessment of Commercial Bank Health Levels. This study employs descriptive research with a quantitative approach. The data sources used include the annual reports and GCG reports of Islamic Banks from 2019 to 2023.The results of this study indicate that Islamic banks in Indonesia have achieved varied health ratings. Bank Aceh Syariah, Bank NTB Syariah, and BCA Syariah received the "very healthy" rating for their health assessment from 2019 to 2023. Meanwhile, Victoria Syariah received a "healthy" rating consistently over the five-year period. The other six Islamic banks showed varied results each year.
Leverage Moderates the Effect of Capital Intensity on Accounting Conservatism in Metal Sub Sector Manufacturing Companies Listed on the IDX In 2018-2022
Authors: Monica  , Juita Sukraini  , Nidia Anggreni Das
Published: July 2024

This study aims to determine the Effect of Capital Intensity (X) on Accounting Conservatism (Y) with Leverage (Z) as a moderating variable in Metal Sub-Sector Manufacturing Companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2018-2022. The results of this study indicate that Capital Intensity has no effect on Accounting Conservatism. This result is evidenced by the calculated t of 1.289  0.05. After that Leverage strengthens the relationship between Capital Intensity and Accounting Conservatism. This result is evidenced by the results of the Moderate Regression Analysis (MRA) test seen from the determination coefficient (R2) value in the regression equation structure 1, which is 3% <the determination coefficient (R2) value in the regression equation structure 2, which is 4.1%. This can also be seen from the slope value in the regression equation structure 2, where the regression coefficient X * Z is positive, which is 1%.
Contribuição ao estudo de legislação sobre os núcleos coloniais no período imperial
Authors: Makino Miyoko
Published: July 2024

The immigration directed to the colonial nuclei, founded in Espirito Santo, Bahia and Rio de Janeiro, began during D. João Vl’s reign. There were two opinions on immigration, during the Imperial period: one was turned towards the foundation of colonial nuclei and the other towards the large properties (plantations), as a substitute for slave work. The first experiments with colonial nuclei were defeated, because these nuclei were established in regions where the approach was difficult. There was also the question of the adaptation to the climatical conditions and to the cultural and social distinctions. Legal measures began to be taken from the middle of the nineteenth century. There was a beginning of regulamentation for the possesion of the land by foreign elements, in the general Law of Lands in 1850. The 1854 decree ruled the colonial nuclei, but it was only in 1867 that the Regulamentation for the State Colonies was approved. By this time several colonial nuclei were already established in more accessible countries with climatic conditions similar to Europe. In the “Província de São Paulo" the biggest preocupation was the introduction of immigrants as renters or hired people in the great properties, only in the last years of the Imperial Period was the instalation of colonial nuclei considered. Many were the debates in the Provincial Legislative Assembly and in 1887 the Regulation for the Immigration Office of the Província de São Paulo was approved, with a chapter on the colonial nuclei. The nuclei eventualy come to be considered as elements of immigrant fixation on the lands, as a guarantee of settlement and of agricultural development and also as a supplies to urban zones.
Functional magnetic resonance imaging of the lumbosacral cord during a lower extremity motor task
Authors: Kündig Christian W. , Finsterbusch Jürgen , Freund Patrick , David Gergely
Published: July 2024

Blood-oxygen-level-dependent (BOLD) functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) can be used to map neuronal function in the cervical cord, yet conclusive evidence supporting its applicability in the lumbosacral cord is still lacking. This study aimed to (i) demonstrate the feasibility of BOLD fMRI for indirectly mapping neural activity in the lumbosacral cord during a unilateral lower extremity motor task and (ii) investigate the impact of echo time (TE) on the BOLD effect size. Twelve healthy volunteers underwent BOLD fMRI using four reduced field-of-view single-shot gradient-echo echo planar imaging sequences, all with the same geometry but different TE values ranging from 20 to 42 ms. Each sequence was employed to acquire a single 6-min rest run and two 10-min task runs, which included alternating 15-s blocks of rest and unilateral ankle dorsi- and plantar flexion. We detected lateralized task-related BOLD activity at neurological levels L3-S2, centered at the ipsilateral (right) ventral spinal cord but also extending into the ipsilateral dorsal spinal cord. This pattern of activation is consistent with our current understanding of spinal cord organization, wherein lower motor neurons are located in the ventral gray matter horn, while interneurons neurons of the proprioceptive pathway, activated during the movement, are located in the dorsal horns and the intermediate gray matter. At the subject level, BOLD activity showed considerable variability but was lateralized in all participants. The highest BOLD effect size within the ipsilateral ventral spinal cord, as well as the highest split-half reliability, was observed at a TE of 42 ms. Sequences with a shorter TE (20 and 28 ms) also detected activity in the medioventral part of the spinal cord, likely representing large vein effects. In summary, our results demonstrate the feasibility of detecting task-related BOLD activity in the lumbosacral cord induced by voluntary lower limb movements. BOLD fMRI in the lumbosacral cord has significant implications for assessing motor function and its alterations in disease or after spinal cord injury.
A benchmark of individual auto-regressive models in a massive fMRI dataset
Authors: Paugam François , Pinsard Basile , Lajoie Guillaume , Bellec Pierre
Published: July 2024

Dense functional magnetic resonance imaging datasets open new avenues to create auto-regressive models of brain activity. Individual idiosyncrasies are obscured by group models, but can be captured by purely individual models given sufficient amounts of training data. In this study, we compared several deep and shallow individual models on the temporal auto-regression of BOLD time-series recorded during a natural video-watching task. The best performing models were then analyzed in terms of their data requirements and scaling, subject specificity, and the space-time structure of their predicted dynamics. We found the Chebnets, a type of graph convolutional neural network, to be best suited for temporal BOLD auto-regression, closely followed by linear models. Chebnets demonstrated an increase in performance with increasing amounts of data, with no complete saturation at 9 h of training data. Good generalization to other kinds of video stimuli and to resting-state data marked the Chebnets’ ability to capture intrinsic brain dynamics rather than only stimulus-specific autocorrelation patterns. Significant subject specificity was found at short prediction time lags. The Chebnets were found to capture lower frequencies at longer prediction time lags, and the spatial correlations in predicted dynamics were found to match traditional functional connectivity networks. Overall, these results demonstrate that large individual functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) datasets can be used to efficiently train purely individual auto-regressive models of brain activity, and that massive amounts of individual data are required to do so. The excellent performance of the Chebnets likely reflects their ability to combine spatial and temporal interactions on large time scales at a low complexity cost. The non-linearities of the models did not appear as a key advantage. In fact, surprisingly, linear versions of the Chebnets appeared to outperform the original non-linear ones. Individual temporal auto-regressive models have the potential to improve the predictability of the BOLD signal. This study is based on a massive, publicly-available dataset, which can serve for future benchmarks of individual auto-regressive modeling.