bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Electrical control of Co/Ni magnetism adjacent to gate oxides with low oxygen ion mobility
Authors: Yan Y. N. , Zhou X. J. , Li F. , Cui B. , Wang Y. Y. , Wang G. Y. , Pan F. , Song C.
Published: September 2015

We investigate the electrical manipulation of Co/Ni magnetization through a combination of ionic liquid and oxide gating, where HfO2 with a low O2− ion mobility is employed. A limited oxidation-reduction process at the metal/HfO2 interface can be induced by large electric field, which can greatly affect the saturated magnetization and Curie temperature of Co/Ni bilayer. Besides the oxidation/reduction process, first-principles calculations show that the variation of d electrons is also responsible for the magnetization variation. Our work discloses the role of gate oxides with a relatively low O2− ion mobility in electrical control of magnetism, and might pave the way for the magneto-ionic memory with low power consumption and high endurance performance.
A wide-band magnetic tunable bandstop filter prototype with FeGaB/Al2O3 multilayer films
Authors: Yang X. , Liu M. , Peng B. , Zhou Z. Y. , Nan T. X. , Sun H. J. , Sun N. X.
Published: September 2015

In this paper, we demonstrate a prototype of magnetic tunable bandstop filter by using magnetic multilayers of [FeGaB 25 nm/Al2O3 5 nm]4 prepared by magnetron sputtering. The multilayer structure exhibits a relatively low coercive field and RF loss compared to the single layer film with the same thickness. By placing a single transmission line on the top of magnetic multilayers, a prototype of tunable bandstop filter was fabricated and operates from 4.5 GHz to 7.08 GHz under very low magnetic bias fields from 100 Oe to 400 Oe. These low loss multilayer films are good candidates for RF/microwave applications.
Liquid-induced damping of mechanical feedback effects in single electron tunneling through a suspended carbon nanotube
Authors: Schmid D. R. , Stiller P. L. , Strunk Ch. , Hüttel A. K.
Published: September 2015

In single electron tunneling through clean, suspended carbon nanotube devices at low temperature, distinct switching phenomena have regularly been observed. These can be explained via strong interaction of single electron tunneling and vibrational motion of the nanotube. We present measurements on a highly stable nanotube device, subsequently recorded in the vacuum chamber of a dilution refrigerator and immersed in the 3He/ 4He mixture of a second dilution refrigerator. The switching phenomena are absent when the sample is kept in the viscous liquid, additionally supporting the interpretation of dc-driven vibration. Transport measurements in liquid helium can thus be used for finite bias spectroscopy where otherwise the mechanical effects would dominate the current.
Hydrogen bonds in PC61BM solids
Authors: Sheng Chun-Qi , Li Wen-Jie , Du Ying-Ying , Chen Guang-Hua , Chen Zheng , Li Hai-Yang , Li Hong-Nian
Published: September 2015

We have studied the hydrogen bonds in PC61BM solids. Inter-molecular interaction is analyzed theoretically for the well-defined monoclinic (P21/n) structure. The results indicate that PC61BM combines into C–H⋯Od bonded molecular chains, where Od denotes the doubly-bonded O atom of PC61BM. The molecular chains are linked together by C–H⋯Os bonds, where Os denotes the singly-bonded O atom of PC61BM. To reveal the consequences of hydrogen bond formation on the structural properties of PC61BM solids (not limited to the monoclinic structure), we design and perform some experiments for annealed samples with the monoclinic (P21/n) PC61BM as starting material. The experiments include differential scanning calorimetry, X-ray diffraction and infrared absorption measurements. Structural phase transitions are observed below the melting point. The C–H⋯Od bonds seem persisting in the altered structures. The inter-molecular hydrogen bonds can help to understand the phase separation in polymer/PC61BM blends and may be responsible for the existence of liquid PC61BM.
Equation of state of liquid Indium under high pressure
Authors: Li Huaming , Sun Yongli , Li Mo
Published: September 2015

We apply an equation of state of a power law form to liquid Indium to study its thermodynamic properties under high temperature and high pressure. Molar volume of molten indium is calculated along the isothermal line at 710K within good precision as compared with the experimental data in an externally heated diamond anvil cell. Bulk modulus, thermal expansion and internal pressure are obtained for isothermal compression. Other thermodynamic properties are also calculated along the fitted high pressure melting line. While our results suggest that the power law form may be a better choice for the equation of state of liquids, these detailed predictions are yet to be confirmed by further experiment.
Reduction modulo 𝑝 of certain semi-stable representations
Authors: Park Chol
Published: September 2015

Let

p
>
3

p>3

be a prime number and let

G

Q

p

G_{\mathbb {Q}_{p}}

be the absolute Galois group of

Q

p

\mathbb {Q}_{p}

. In this paper, we find Galois stable lattices in the

3
3

-dimensional irreducible semi-stable non-crystalline representations of

G

Q

p

G_{\mathbb {Q}_{p}}

with Hodge–Tate weights

(
0
,
1
,
2
)

(0,1,2)

by constructing the corresponding strongly divisible modules. We also compute the Breuil modules corresponding to the mod 

p
p

reductions of these strongly divisible modules and determine which of the original representations has an absolutely irreducible mod

p
p

reduction.
Approximately independent linkage disequilibrium blocks in human populations
Authors: Berisa Tomaz , Pickrell Joseph K.
Published: September 2015

Summary: We present a method to identify approximately independent blocks of linkage disequilibrium in the human genome. These blocks enable automated analysis of multiple genome-wide association studies.

Availability and implementation: code: http://bitbucket.org/nygcresearch/ldetect; data: http://bitbucket.org/nygcresearch/ldetect-data.

Contact:  tberisa@nygenome.org

Supplementary information:  Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Sparse meta-analysis with high-dimensional data
Authors: He Qianchuan , Zhang Hao Helen , Avery Christy L. , Lin D. Y.
Published: September 2015

Meta-analysis plays an important role in summarizing and synthesizing scientific evidence derived from multiple studies. With high-dimensional data, the incorporation of variable selection into meta-analysis improves model interpretation and prediction. Existing variable selection methods require direct access to raw data, which may not be available in practical situations. We propose a new approach, sparse meta-analysis (SMA), in which variable selection for meta-analysis is based solely on summary statistics and the effect sizes of each covariate are allowed to vary among studies. We show that the SMA enjoys the oracle property if the estimated covariance matrix of the parameter estimators from each study is available. We also show that our approach achieves selection consistency and estimation consistency even when summary statistics include only the variance estimators or no variance/covariance information at all. Simulation studies and applications to high-throughput genomics studies demonstrate the usefulness of our approach.
Physiological Effects of the Open Lung Approach in Patients with Early, Mild, Diffuse Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome
Authors: Cinnella Gilda , Grasso Salvatore , Raimondo Pasquale , D’Antini Davide , Mirabella Lucia , Rauseo Michela , Dambrosio Michele
Published: September 2015

AbstractAbstract

In 15 patients with early, mild, diffuse acute respiratory distress syndrome, application of an open lung approach (vs. a standard management protocol that does not target an “open” lung) resulted in lower driving pressure, improved oxygenation, and more homogeneous distribution of ventilation (assessed by electric impedance tomography).

Background

To test the hypothesis that in early, mild, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) patients with diffuse loss of aeration, the application of the open lung approach (OLA) would improve homogeneity in lung aeration and lung mechanics, without affecting hemodynamics.

Methods

Patients were ventilated according to the ARDS Network protocol at baseline (pre-OLA). OLA consisted in a recruitment maneuver followed by a decremental positive end-expiratory pressure trial. Respiratory mechanics, gas exchange, electrical impedance tomography (EIT), cardiac index, and stroke volume variation were measured at baseline and 20 min after OLA implementation (post-OLA). Esophageal pressure was used for lung and chest wall elastance partitioning. The tomographic lung image obtained at the fifth intercostal space by EIT was divided in two ventral and two dorsal regions of interest (ROIventral and ROIDorsal).

Results

Fifteen consecutive patients were studied. The OLA increased arterial oxygen partial pressure/inspired oxygen fraction from 216 ± 13 to 311 ± 19 mmHg (P < 0.001) and decreased elastance of the respiratory system from 29.4 ± 3 cm H2O/l to 23.6 ± 1.7 cm H2O/l (P < 0.01). The driving pressure (airway opening plateau pressure − total positive end-expiratory pressure) decreased from 17.9 ± 1.5 cm H2O pre-OLA to 15.4 ± 2.1 post-OLA (P < 0.05). The tidal volume fraction reaching the dorsal ROIs increased, and consequently the ROIVentral/Dorsal impedance tidal variation decreased from 2.01 ± 0.36 to 1.19 ± 0.1 (P < 0.01).

Conclusions

The OLA decreases the driving pressure and improves the oxygenation and lung mechanics in patients with early, mild, diffuse ARDS. EIT is useful to assess the impact of OLA on regional tidal volume distribution.
Noninvasive Measurement of Cerebral Blood Flow Under Anesthesia Using Arterial Spin Labeling MRI: A Pilot Study
Authors: Venkatraghavan Lashmi , Poublanc Julien , Bharadwaj Suparna , Sobczyk Olivia , Crawley Adrian P. , Mandell Daniel M. , Mikulis David J. , Fisher Joseph A.
Published: September 2015

Background:

Cerebral ischemia plays a major role in pathophysiology of the injured brain. Most of the currently available methods of cerebral blood flow (CBF) monitors are either indirect measure of CBF or needing radioactive agents for data acquisition. Arterial spin labeling magnetic resonance imaging (ASL-MRI) is a noninvasive method of measuring CBF. The aim of our study was to determine the differences in the CBF values between propofol and sevoflurane anesthesia using ASL-MRI technique in mechanically ventilated patients with cerebrovascular disease.

Methods:

After ethics board approval and informed consent, we measured CBF in 4 patients with moyamoya disease, using a pseudo-continuous 3D ASL sequence available on a 3.0 T MRI scanner. Patients were anesthetized first with sevoflurane (1 MAC) and then anesthesia was converted to total intravenous anesthesia with propofol (100 to 125 μg/kg/min). When the patient was in a steady state with respect to anesthesia and normocapnia (baseline PETCO2), CBF was measured under both sevoflurane and propofol anesthesia.

Results:

Quantitative estimation of both global and regional CBF was successfully performed in all patients. The mean global CBF in gray and white matter of all patients under propofol anesthesia were 38.4 and 31.6 mL/100 g/min, respectively. Similar values under sevoflurane anesthesia were 56.6 mL/100 g/min for gray matter and 42.5 mL/100 g/min for white matter.

Conclusions:

ASL-MRI is a feasible, noninvasive method of quantitative estimation of global and regional CBF in mechanically ventilated patients under anesthesia. In this pilot study CBF was consistently greater with sevoflurane than with propofol.
Impact of Eye Cosmetics on the Eye, Adnexa, and Ocular Surface
Authors: Ng Alison , Evans Katharine , North Rachel V. , Jones Lyndon , Purslow Christine
Published: September 2015

Despite the fact that cosmetic products undergo rigorous testing to ensure they are safe for human use, some users report mild discomfort following their application. The cutaneous changes, such as allergic dermatitis, are well reported, but the ocular changes associated with eye cosmetic use are less so. Some pigmented cosmetic products may accumulate within the lacrimal system and conjunctivae over many years of use, but immediate reports of eye discomfort after application are most common. Changes to the tear film and its stability may occur shortly after application, and contact lens wearers can also be affected by lens spoliation from cosmetic products. Additionally, creams used in the prevention of skin aging are often applied around the eyes, and retinoids present in these formulations can have negative effects on meibomian gland function and may be a contributing factor to dry eye disease. The aim of this review is to summarize current knowledge regarding the impact of cosmetic products on the eye, ocular surface, and tear film.
Gonioscopy-assisted Transluminal Trabeculotomy (GATT): Thermal Suture Modification With a Dye-stained Rounded Tip
Authors: Grover Davinder S. , Fellman Ronald L.
Published: September 2015

Purpose:

To describe a novel technique for thermally marking the tip of a suture, in preparation for a gonioscopy-assisted transluminal trabeculotomy.

Patient:

One patient was used as an example for this technique.

Methods:

Technique report.

Results and Conclusions:

The authors introduce a modification of a novel surgical procedure (GATT) in which a suture is marked and thermally blunted allowing a proper visualization while performing an ab interno, minimally invasive, circumferential 360-degree suture trabeculotomy. The authors have previously reported on the GATT surgery with the use of an illuminated microcatheter, which allowed for visualization of the tip of the catheter as it circumnavigated Schlemm canal. This modification allows for similar visualization of the tip of the suture, however, is much more cost-effective while still maintaining similar safety.
An Incidental Finding of Choroidal Ganglioneuronal Hamartoma in a Patient With Neurofibromatosis Type 1
Authors: Chang Ingrid , Juric-Sekhar Gordana , Marshall Desiree , Zhang Jing
Published: September 2015

A 42-year-old man with neurofibromatosis type 1 underwent a giant facial neurofibroma resection and enucleation of the right eye. He was found to have a diffusely thickened and cellular choroid containing individual or small clusters of large ganglion and medium-sized neuronal cells. The nomenclature of this lesion is difficult; however, the term choroidal ganglioneuronal hamartoma has been favored due to the lack of proliferative activity and diffuse nature of the lesion arguing against a neoplastic etiology. This case highlights an interesting presentation of neurofibromatosis type I.
A complex mode of aggressive mimicry in a scale-eating cichlid fish
Authors: Boileau Nicolas , Cortesi Fabio , Egger Bernd , Muschick Moritz , Indermaur Adrian , Theis Anya , Büscher Heinz H. , Salzburger Walter
Published: September 2015

Aggressive mimicry is an adaptive tactic of parasitic or predatory species that closely resemble inoffensive models in order to increase fitness via predatory gains. Although similarity of distantly related species is often intuitively implicated with mimicry, the exact mechanisms and evolutionary causes remain elusive in many cases. Here, we report a complex aggressive mimicry strategy in
Plecodus straeleni
, a scale-eating cichlid fish from Lake Tanganyika, which imitates two other cichlid species. Employing targeted sequencing on ingested scales, we show that
P. straeleni
does not preferentially parasitize its models but—contrary to prevailing assumptions—targets a variety of co-occurring dissimilar looking fish species
.
Combined with tests for visual resemblance and visual modelling from a prey perspective, our results suggest that complex interactions among different cichlid species are involved in this mimicry system.
The dynamical landscape of marine phytoplankton diversity
Authors: Lévy Marina , Jahn Oliver , Dutkiewicz Stephanie , Follows Michael J. , d'Ovidio Francesco
Published: September 2015

Observations suggest that the landscape of marine phytoplankton assemblage might be strongly heterogeneous at the dynamical mesoscale and submesoscale (10–100 km, days to months), with potential consequences in terms of global diversity and carbon export. But these variations are not well documented as synoptic taxonomic data are difficult to acquire. Here, we examine how phytoplankton assemblage and diversity vary between mesoscale eddies and submesoscale fronts. We use a multi-phytoplankton numerical model embedded in a mesoscale flow representative of the North Atlantic. Our model results suggest that the mesoscale flow dynamically distorts the niches predefined by environmental contrasts at the basin scale and that the phytoplankton diversity landscape varies over temporal and spatial scales that are one order of magnitude smaller than those of the basin-scale environmental conditions. We find that any assemblage and any level of diversity can occur in eddies and fronts. However, on a statistical level, the results suggest a tendency for larger diversity and more fast-growing types at fronts, where nutrient supplies are larger and where populations of adjacent water masses are constantly brought into contact; and lower diversity in the core of eddies, where water masses are kept isolated long enough to enable competitive exclusion.
Multiplex networks in metropolitan areas: generic features and local effects
Authors: Strano Emanuele , Shai Saray , Dobson Simon , Barthelemy Marc
Published: September 2015

Most large cities are spanned by more than one transportation system. These different modes of transport have usually been studied separately: it is however important to understand the impact on urban systems of coupling different modes and we report in this paper an empirical analysis of the coupling between the street network and the subway for the two large metropolitan areas of London and New York. We observe a similar behaviour for network quantities related to quickest paths suggesting the existence of generic mechanisms operating beyond the local peculiarities of the specific cities studied. An analysis of the betweenness centrality distribution shows that the introduction of underground networks operate as a decentralizing force creating congestion in places located at the end of underground lines. Also, we find that increasing the speed of subways is not always beneficial and may lead to unwanted uneven spatial distributions of accessibility. In fact, for London—but not for New York—there is an optimal subway speed in terms of global congestion. These results show that it is crucial to consider the full, multimodal, multilayer network aspects of transportation systems in order to understand the behaviour of cities and to avoid possible negative side-effects of urban planning decisions.
The human parasite
Leishmania amazonensis
downregulates iNOS expression via NF-κB p50/p50 homodimer: role of the PI3K/Akt pathway
Authors: Calegari-Silva Teresa C. , Vivarini Áislan C. , Miqueline Marina , Dos Santos Guilherme R. R. M. , Teixeira Karina Luiza , Saliba Alessandra Mattos , Nunes de Carvalho Simone , de Carvalho Laís , Lopes Ulisses G.
Published: September 2015

Leishmania amazonensis
activates the NF-κB transcriptional repressor homodimer (p50/p50) and promotes nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) downregulation. We investigated the role of PI3K/Akt in p50/p50 NF-κB activation and the effect on iNOS expression in
L. amazonensis
infection. The increased occupancy of p50/p50 on the iNOS promoter of infected macrophages was observed and we demonstrated that both p50/p50 NF-κB induction and iNOS downregulation in infected macrophages depended on PI3K/Akt activation. Importantly, the intracellular growth of the parasite was also impaired during PI3K/Akt signalling inhibition and in macrophages knocked-down for Akt 1 expression. It was also observed that the increased nuclear levels of p50/p50 in
L. amazonensis
-infected macrophages were associated with reduced phosphorylation of
907 Ser
p105, the precursor of p50. Corroborating these data, we demonstrated the increased levels of phospho-
9 Ser
GSK3β in infected macrophages, which is associated with GSK3β inhibition and, consequently, its inability to phosphorylate p105. Remarkably, we found that the levels of pPTEN
370 Ser
, a negative regulator of PI3K, increased due to
L. amazonensis
infection. Our data support the notion that PI3K/Akt activity is sustained during the parasite infection, leading to NF-κB 105 phosphorylation and further processing to originate p50/p50 homodimers and the consequent downregulation of iNOS expression.
An extended irreversible thermodynamic modelling of size-dependent thermal conductivity of spherical nanoparticles dispersed in homogeneous media
Authors: Lebon G. , Machrafi H. , Grmela M.
Published: September 2015

The effective thermal conductivity of nanocomposites constituted by nanoparticles and homogeneous host media is discussed from the point of view of extended irreversible thermodynamics. This formalism is particularly well adapted to the description of small length scales. As illustrations, dispersion of Si nanoparticles in Ge (respectively, SiO2in epoxy resin) homogeneous matrices is investigated, the nanoparticles are assumed to be spherical with a wide dispersion. Four specific problems are studied: the dependence of the effective thermal conductivity on the volume fraction of particles, the type of phonon scattering at the interface particle–matrix, the radius of the nanoparticles and the temperature.
On the concept of sloped motion for free-floating wave energy converters
Authors: Payne Grégory S. , Pascal Rémy , Vaillant Guillaume
Published: September 2015

A free-floating wave energy converter (WEC) concept whose power take-off (PTO) system reacts against water inertia is investigated herein. The main focus is the impact of inclining the PTO direction on the system performance. The study is based on a numerical model whose formulation is first derived in detail. Hydrodynamics coefficients are obtained using the linear boundary element method package WAMIT. Verification of the model is provided prior to its use for a PTO parametric study and a multi-objective optimization based on a multi-linear regression method. It is found that inclining the direction of the PTO at around 50° to the vertical is highly beneficial for the WEC performance in that it provides a high capture width ratio over a broad region of the wave period range.
Genome analysis and gene nblA identification of Microcystis aeruginosa myovirus (MaMV-DC) reveal the evidence for horizontal gene transfer events between cyanomyovirus and host
Authors: Ou Tong , Gao Xiao-Chan , Li San-Hua , Zhang Qi-Ya
Published: September 2015

The genome sequence, genetic characterization andnblAgene function ofMicrocystis aeruginosamyovirus isolated from Lake Dianchi in China (MaMV-DC) have been analysed. The genome DNA is 169 223 bp long, with 170 predicted protein-coding genes (001L–170L) and a tRNA gene. About one-sixth of these genes have homologues in the host cyanobacteriaM. aeruginosa. The genome carries a gene homologous to hostnblA, which encodes a protein involved in the degradation of cyanobacterial phycobilisome. Its expression during MaMV-DC infection was confirmed by reverse transcriptase PCR and Western blot detection and abundant expression was companied by the significant decline of phycocyanin content and massive release of progeny MaMV-DC. In addition, expressing MaMV-DCnblAreduced the phycocyanin peak and the phycocyanin to chlorophyll ratio in model cyanobacteria. These results confirm that horizontal gene transfer events have occurred between cyanobacterial host and cyanomyovirus and suggest that MaMV-DC carrying host-derived genes (such as005L, that codes for NblA) is responsible for more efficient expression of cyanophage genes and release of progeny cyanophage. This study provides novel insight into the horizontal gene transfer in cyanophage and the interactions between cyanophage and their host.
Detection of cellular prion protein in exosomes derived from ovine plasma
Authors: Berrone Elena , Corona Cristiano , Mazza Maria , Costassa Elena Vallino , Faro Monica Lo , Properzi Francesca , Guglielmetti Chiara , Maurella Cristiana , Caramelli Maria , Deregibus Maria Chiara , Camussi Giovanni , Casalone Cristina
Published: September 2015

Prion protein (PrP) is present at extremely low levels in the blood of animals and its detection is complicated by the poor sensitivity of current standard methodologies. Interesting results have been obtained with recent advanced technologies that are able to detect minute amounts of the pathological PrP (PrPSc), but their efficiency is reduced by various factors present in blood. In this study, we were able to extract cellular PrP (PrPC) from plasma-derived exosomes by a simple, fast method without the use of differential ultracentrifugation and to visualize it by Western blotting, reducing the presence of most plasma proteins. This result confirms that blood is capable of releasing PrP in association with exosomes and could be useful to better study its role in the pathogenesis of transmissible spongiform encephalopathies.
FINEMAP: Efficient variable selection using summary data from genome-wide association studies
Authors: Benner Christian , Spencer Chris C.A. , Ripatti Samuli , Pirinen Matti
Published: September 2015

Motivation

The goal of fine-mapping in genomic regions associated with complex diseases and traits is to identify causal variants that point to molecular mechanisms behind the associations. Recent fine-mapping methods using summary data from genome-wide association studies rely on exhaustive search through all possible causal configurations, which is computationally expensive.

Results

We introduce FINEMAP, a software package to efficiently explore a set of the most important causal configurations of the region via a shotgun stochastic search algorithm. We show that FINEMAP produces accurate results in a fraction of processing time of existing approaches and is therefore a promising tool for analyzing growing amounts of data produced in genome-wide association studies.

Availability

FINEMAP v1.0 is freely available for Mac OS X and Linux athttp://www.christianbenner.com.

Contact:christian.benner@helsinki.fi,matti.pirinen@helsinki.fi
Applying the maturity model concept to the servitization process of consumer durables companies in Brazil
Authors: Alvarez Rodrigo L. P. , Martins Marcelo Ramos , Silva Marcia Terra
Published: September 2015

Purpose

– The purpose of this paper is to contribute to the understanding of the servitization process of typical manufacturing companies that already provide after-sales services, by identifying the phases and organizational elements that enable the delivery of more services.

Design/methodology/approach

– A servitization maturity model for consumer durables companies is proposed. Servitization is an evolutionary process based on customer profiling, company profiling, the nature of the service, maturity of the process and process characteristics. The capacity of maintaining organizational relationships among players in the value chain describes the organizational maturity needed to advance towards the next phase. The research has been conducted as an exploratory study, in which four different case studies of consumer durables companies were performed to validate the proposed maturity model and detail each phase and the critical resources needed to become servitized.

Findings

– Four category levels of organizational relationships were identified: first, company and customers; second, company and production network; third, company and market, in addition to; fourth, the internal relations of the company.

Practical implications

– The means to evaluate companies that undergo servitization are also presented to provide a better understanding of their placement in the process and guide managers through the next necessary steps of action.

Originality/value

– The development and application of this model allowed exploring the levels of servitization as an evolutionary process based on the relationships among players in the value chain by gathering, structuring, organizing several critical requirements and highlighting important attributes that must be examined by companies during the servitization process.
Leadership, governance, and organization in higher education: select books for administrators
Authors: Frey Susan
Published: September 2015

Purpose

– The purpose of this bibliography is to provide academic administrators, and those studying higher education administration, a targeted collection of recommended resources that inform the practice of academic management.

Design/methodology/approach

– Reading lists from two advanced educational programs were consulted: Indiana State University’s faculty training program, Leadership-ISU, sponsored by the Office of the President, and the Indiana State University doctoral program in higher education administration, taught by the Bayh College of Education. Criteria for selection were based on canonicity, comprehensiveness and the inclusion of useful bibliographies and practical appendices.

Findings

– Broad scholarship on management, traditionally focused on for-profit institutions, can sometimes be applied to academia. But management research specific to that of the higher education environment more fully addresses the corresponding information needs of the academic administrator.

Research limitations/implications

– A limitation of this bibliography is its scope. Due to the rich environment of research on academic management, any abridgement of this literature will result in the omission of many worthy titles. Just seven English language, print-based publications are selected as representative of the pool. Although many of the concepts found in these resources can be generalized to all of academia, authors’ perspectives mainly concern higher education environments in North America.

Originality/value

– The literature on academic management is rich and varied. This bibliography pulls together representative and canonical works providing a focused, one-shelf collection of critical resources for busy practitioners and novice researchers.
Occupational therapy influence on a carer peer support model in a clinical mental health service
Authors: Bourke Cate , Sanders Bronwyn , Allchin Becca , Lentin Primrose , Lang Shannon
Published: September 2015

Background/aim

Current policy frameworks call for the participation of consumers and carers in all levels of mental health service delivery in Australia. Such inclusion leads to better outcomes for all, however, it is recognised that carers have needs and occupations beyond their carer role. The aim of this article is to describe an innovative carer peer support program developed by a group of occupational therapists. The article describes the rationale, phases of development and the role that occupational therapists played in developing and sustaining the model. This is followed by an exploration of the occupational therapy attitudes, knowledge and skills that contributed to the conceptualisation and implementation of the model.

Method

Five occupational therapists engaged in a review process involving documentation, literature review, evaluation, reflection and discussion. Four of the occupational therapists had either coordinated or managed the service described. The fifth author facilitated the process.

Results

Review of the model indicates it equips carers to perform their caring occupation and helps carers recognise the need for occupations beyond caring, for their health and wellbeing. Employing carers as paid workers values their ‘real life’ experience in their caring occupation. Findings also illustrate that the attitudes, knowledge, skills and competency standards of occupational therapists are well suited in enabling this emerging area of service delivery.

Conclusion

Although this model has been developed in a clinical mental health setting, the key principles could be applied with carers or consumers across a variety of settings in which occupational therapists are employed.
Diversity patterns of Rhizobiaceae communities inhabiting soils, root surfaces and nodules reveal a strong selection of rhizobial partners by legumes
Authors: Miranda‐Sánchez Fabiola , Rivera Javier , Vinuesa Pablo
Published: September 2015

Current knowledge about rhizobial diversity patterns in non‐nodule habitats is scarce, limiting our understanding of basic aspects of rhizobial ecology like competitiveness for nodule occupancy and host effects on community structure. We used a combination of cultivation‐dependent and independent approaches to analyse alpha and beta diversity patterns of Rhizobiaceae communities from a conserved seasonally dry tropical forest site in central Mexico and two nearby agricultural fields. Lineage‐specific recA amplicon libraries were generated from soil DNA and their sequences compared with those from root surface and nodule isolates recovered in trapping experiments from two native Acacia species and two Phaseolus vulgaris cultivars. Rarefaction analyses revealed that Rhizobiaceae diversity in soils is larger than on root surfaces, and smallest in nodules. A ‘rare biosphere'‐like distribution of species was found in the three habitats. Multivariate statistical analyses demonstrated that the plant genus exerted a stronger influence than the land‐usage regime on the diversity of rhizobia associated with hosts. Rhizobium etli was the dominant Rhizobiaceae found in the soil libraries. It dominated nodulation of Acacia spp. and predominately harboured symbiovar mimosae‐like nodC genes. A novel Rhizobium lineage (Rsp1) dominated bean nodulation. Specialist and generalist genotypes for host nodulation were detected in both species.
The Elizabethan Puritan Movement (1967)
Authors: Lake Peter
Published: September 2015

This essay seeks to set Patrick Collinson's book The Elizabethan Puritan Movement within the historiographical context in which it was written, within the context provided by his own subsequent oeuvre and in that provided by the succeeding historiography. It is intended as both an appreciation and a critique, but one offered with the greatest respect to a great scholar. It suggests that from the outset Collinson's work was contained within a triad linking religion, politics and, for want of a better word, ‘culture’ and that his work was at its best when politics retained its place as a central organizing principle and his other claims and concerns remained firmly attached, either explicitly or implicitly, to some form of, local, national or even interpersonal, political narrative.
‘A mere historian’: Patrick Collinson and the Study of Literature
Authors: Kewes Paulina
Published: September 2015

Patrick Collinson experienced a ‘cultural’ or more specifically a ‘literary’ turn in mid‐career (the early 1980s) which had a profound effect on how he ‘did’ history. He rarely wrote about overtly ‘literary’ texts, but he helped to shape the area in which historians and literary scholars could have fruitful dialogue (sixteenth‐century histories and sermons, for example). This essay explores three aspects of this story. First, it examines when, where, how and with whom he came to experience a new and transformative relationship with English literature and its scholars. Second, it scrutinizes the precise forms of that relationship. Third, it considers which of his publications have most influenced English studies and why others, arguably no less important, have been relatively neglected. It finds him at once passionate and strangely diffident, deeply hostile to the New Historicism, for example, but never willing to define his own position against those of whom he was so wary. Despite this, the essay seeks to demonstrate how deeply influential his empirical studies have been in a multi‐disciplinary context.
Do Audit Clients Successfully Engage in Opinion Shopping? Partner‐Level Evidence
Authors: CHEN FENG , PENG SONGLAN , XUE SHUANG , YANG ZHIFENG , YE FEITENG
Published: September 2015

This study investigates whether companies engage in audit opinion shopping activities by exerting influence over an audit firm's decision to switch the engagement partner (“partner‐level opinion shopping”) in the Chinese setting, where the identities of engagement partners are publicly disclosed. Adopting the empirical framework developed by Lennox [2000], we show evidence that companies successfully engage in partner‐level opinion shopping. Further, partner‐level opinion shopping is more likely to be successful if a company is economically important to an audit firm, and it is less likely to be successful if the audit firm is formed as a partnership rather than a corporation. We also find that companies successfully engaging in partner‐level opinion shopping exhibit significantly lower earnings quality. Finally, we directly compare audit records between incoming and outgoing partners and find that, for companies that successfully improve audit opinions after partner switching, incoming partners have a significantly higher propensity to issue clean opinions than their outgoing counterparts.
Conspiracies, Conspiracy Theories and Democracy
Authors: Moore Alfred
Published: September 2015

Conspiracy theories are attracting increasing attention from political scientists, much of it negative. Three recent books, from the disciplines of political science, cultural history and social theory, provide a valuable critical corrective. Uscinski and Parent argue that conspiracy theories are connected to partisan distrust and are largely stable across the twentieth century. Michael Butter uses detailed historical cases from the Puritan witch trials to the Red Scare of the 1950s to show the central and influential role that conspiratorial beliefs have played in American history. Luc Boltanski focuses on conspiracy narratives in early detective and spy novels, but situates them in a broader account of the relation between the state, the social and political sciences, and popular representations of political power. Taken together, these books place the problem of conspiracy theory firmly in the context of democratic politics, opening important empirical and conceptual questions about partisanship, populism, publicity and secrecy.

Boltanski, L. (2014) Mysteries and Conspiracies: Detective Stories, Spy Novels and the Making of Modern Societies. Translated by Catherine Porter. Cambridge: Polity Press. Butter, M. (2014) Plots, Designs and Schemes: American Conspiracy Theories from the Puritans to the Present. Berlin: Walter de Gruyter. Uscinski, J. E. and Parent, J. M. (2014) American Conspiracy Theories. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Bayesian Framework for Parametric Bivariate Accelerated Lifetime Modeling and Its Application to Hospital Acquired Infections
Authors: Bilgili D. , Ryu D. , Ergönül Ö. , Ebrahimi N.
Published: September 2015

Infectious diseases that can be spread directly or indirectly from one person to another are caused by pathogenic microorganisms such as bacteria, viruses, parasites, or fungi. Infectious diseases remain one of the greatest threats to human health and the analysis of infectious disease data is among the most important application of statistics. In this article, we develop Bayesian methodology using parametric bivariate accelerated lifetime model to study dependency between the colonization and infection times for Acinetobacter baumannii bacteria which is leading cause of infection among the hospital infection agents. We also study their associations with covariates such as age, gender, apache score, antibiotics use 3 months before admission and invasive mechanical ventilation use. To account for singularity, we use Singular Bivariate Extreme Value distribution to model residuals in Bivariate Accelerated lifetime model under the fully Bayesian framework. We analyze a censored data related to the colonization and infection collected in five major hospitals in Turkey using our methodology. The data analysis done in this article is for illustration of our proposed method and can be applied to any situation that our model can be used.
Identification of N‐arachidonoyl dopamine as a highly biased ligand at cannabinoid CB1 receptors
Authors: Redmond William J. , Cawston Erin E. , Grimsey Natasha L. , Stuart Jordyn , Edington Amelia R. , Glass Michelle , Connor Mark
Published: September 2015

Background and Purpose

N‐arachidonyl dopamine (NADA) has been identified as a putative endocannabinoid, but there is little information about which signalling pathways it activates. The purpose of this study was to identify the signalling pathways activated by NADA in vitro.

Experimental Approach

Human or rat cannabinoid CB1 receptors were expressed in AtT20, CHO or HEK 293 cells. NADA displacement of radiolabelled cannabinoids, and CB1 receptor mediated activation of K channels or ERK phosphorylation, release of intracellular calcium ([Ca]i) and modulation of adenylyl cyclase were measured in addition to NADA effects on CB1 receptor trafficking.

Key Results

At concentrations up to 30 μM, NADA failed to activate any signalling pathways via CB1 receptors, with the exception of mobilization of [Ca]i. The elevations of [Ca]i were insensitive to pertussis toxin, and reduced or abolished by blockers of Gq/11‐dependent processes including U73122, thapsigargin and a peptide antagonist of Gq/11 activation. Prolonged NADA incubation produced modest loss of cell surface CB1 receptors. The prototypical cannabinoid agonist CP55940 signalled as expected in all assays.

Conclusions and Implications

NADA is an ineffective agonist at most canonical cannabinoid receptor signalling pathways, but did promote mobilization of [Ca]i via Gq‐dependent processes and some CB1 receptor trafficking. This signalling profile is distinct from that of any known cannabinoid, and suggests that NADA may have a unique spectrum of effects in vivo. Our results also indicate that it may be possible to identify highly biased CB1 receptor ligands displaying a subset of the pharmacological or therapeutic effects usually attributed to CB1 ligands.
Declining trends in prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection by birth‐year in a Japanese population
Authors: Watanabe Miki , Ito Hidemi , Hosono Satoyo , Oze Isao , Ashida Chieko , Tajima Kazuo , Katoh Hisato , Matsuo Keitaro , Tanaka Hideo
Published: September 2015

Gastric cancer incidence and mortality have been decreasing in Japan. These decreases are likely due to a decrease in prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection. Our aim was to characterize the trends in prevalence of H. pylori infection focused on birth‐year. We carried out a cross‐sectional study that included 4285 subjects who were born from 1926 to 1989. We defined H. pylori infection by the serum H. pylori antibody titer. Individuals having H. pylori infection and those with negative H. pylori antibody titer and positive pepsinogen test were defined as high‐risk individuals for gastric cancer. We estimated the birth‐year percent change (BPC) of the prevalence by Joinpoint regression analysis. The prevalence of H. pylori infection among the subjects born from 1927 to 1949 decreased from 54.0% to 42.0% with a BPC of −1.2%. It was followed by a rapid decline in those born between 1949 (42.0%) and 1961 (24.0%) with a BPC of −4.5%, which was followed by those born between 1961 (24.0%) and 1988 (14.0%) with a BPC of −2.1%. The proportion of high‐risk individuals for gastric cancer among the subjects born from 1927 to 1942 decreased from 62.0% to 55.0% with a BPC of −0.8%. A subsequent rapid declining trend was observed in those born between 1942 (55.0%) and 1972 (18.0%) with a BPC of −3.6%, and then it became stable. These remarkable declining trends in the prevalence of H. pylori infection by birth‐year would be useful to predict the future trend in gastric cancer incidence in Japan.
Adjuvant for vaccine immunotherapy of cancer – focusing on Toll‐like receptor 2 and 3 agonists for safely enhancing antitumor immunity
Authors: Seya Tsukasa , Shime Hiroaki , Takeda Yohei , Tatematsu Megumi , Takashima Ken , Matsumoto Misako
Published: September 2015

Immune‐enhancing adjuvants usually targets antigen (Ag)‐presenting cells to tune up cellular and humoral immunity. CD141+ dendritic cells (DC) represent the professional Ag‐presenting cells in humans. In response to microbial pattern molecules, these DCs upgrade the maturation stage sufficient to improve cross‐presentation of exogenous Ag, and upregulation of MHC and costimulators, allowing CD4/CD8 T cells to proliferate and liberating cytokines/chemokines that support lymphocyte attraction and survival. These DCs also facilitate natural killer‐mediated cell damage. Toll‐like receptors (TLRs) and their signaling pathways in DCs play a pivotal role in DC maturation. Therefore, providing adjuvants in addition to Ag is indispensable for successful vaccine immunotherapy for cancer, which has been approved in comparison with antimicrobial vaccines. Mouse CD8α+ DCs express TLR7 and TLR9 in addition to the TLR2 family (TLR1, 2, and 6) and TLR3, whereas human CD141+ DCs exclusively express the TLR2 family and TLR3. Although human and mouse plasmacytoid DCs commonly express TLR7/9 to respond to their agonists, the results on mouse adjuvant studies using TLR7/9 agonists cannot be simply extrapolated to human adjuvant immunotherapy. In contrast, TLR2 and TLR3 are similarly expressed in both human and mouse Ag‐presenting DCs. Bacillus Calmette–Guerin peptidoglycan and polyinosinic–polycytidylic acid are representative agonists for TLR2 and TLR3, respectively, although they additionally stimulate cytoplasmic sensors: their functional specificities may not be limited to the relevant TLRs. These adjuvants have been posted up to a certain achievement in immunotherapy in some cancers. We herein summarize the history and perspectives of TLR2 and TLR3 agonists in vaccine‐adjuvant immunotherapy for cancer.
Cost‐effective conservation of an endangered frog under uncertainty
Authors: Rose Lucy E. , Heard Geoffrey W. , Chee Yung En , Wintle Brendan A.
Published: September 2015

How should managers choose among conservation options when resources are scarce and there is uncertainty regarding the effectiveness of actions? Well‐developed tools exist for prioritizing areas for one‐time and binary actions (e.g., protect vs. not protect), but methods for prioritizing incremental or ongoing actions (such as habitat creation and maintenance) remain uncommon. We devised an approach that combines metapopulation viability and cost‐effectiveness analyses to select among alternative conservation actions while accounting for uncertainty. In our study, cost‐effectiveness is the ratio between the benefit of an action and its economic cost, where benefit is the change in metapopulation viability. We applied the approach to the case of the endangered growling grass frog (Litoria raniformis), which is threatened by urban development. We extended a Bayesian model to predict metapopulation viability under 9 urbanization and management scenarios and incorporated the full probability distribution of possible outcomes for each scenario into the cost‐effectiveness analysis. This allowed us to discern between cost‐effective alternatives that were robust to uncertainty and those with a relatively high risk of failure. We found a relatively high risk of extinction following urbanization if the only action was reservation of core habitat; habitat creation actions performed better than enhancement actions; and cost‐effectiveness ranking changed depending on the consideration of uncertainty. Our results suggest that creation and maintenance of wetlands dedicated to L. raniformis is the only cost‐effective action likely to result in a sufficiently low risk of extinction. To our knowledge we are the first study to use Bayesian metapopulation viability analysis to explicitly incorporate parametric and demographic uncertainty into a cost‐effective evaluation of conservation actions. The approach offers guidance to decision makers aiming to achieve cost‐effective conservation under uncertainty.