bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Road traffic accidents, sanctions and delays in judgments in Court proceedings in Prizren - Republic of Kosovo
Authors: Beti Ejup
Published: March 2024

Traffic accidents are unexpected and unpleasant cases on the road, which often have consequences of damage to cars, people’s injuries and in more severe cases lead to death. These events occur for various reasons and can be the result of factors such as high speed, disregard for traffic signals, alcohol, unused safety belt, technical vehicle problems, bad weather conditions and dangerous drivers’ behavior. The consequences of traffic accidents can be very serious, including serious physical injuries, material damage to the vehicle, and in some cases loss of life. Some of the preventive measures to reduce the risk of traffic accidents include the respect for traffic rules, use of seat belts, non-consumption of alcohol at the time of driving, car maintenance, education and information. Road safety is a common challenge that requires cooperation and dedication from drivers, road authorities and the community in general. This challenge is faced by law enforcement institutions to perform the tasks and obligations deriving from the legislation in terms of discouraging legal violations by traffic participants. Therefore, this paper is intended for the discovery and interpretation of any stagnation or negligence that can lead to the encouragement of traffic participants to neglect traffic rules and laws. The analysis of this manuscript is accompanied with statistics, tables and graphs from 116 cases from a population of about 150,000 inhabitants.
The State of The Topiaj During 14th Century
Authors: Qerimi Muhamet , Zeneli Fidan
Published: March 2024

Purpose: The paper provides historical context on the Topias family's role in Naples' political and religious landscape, detailing their break from Byzantium, alliances with Anjouans, and power dynamics.
 
Methods: The paper discusses the Topias family's historical context, indicating that historical scholars used a combination of archival research, primary source analysis, comparative analysis, contextualization, and narrative storytelling to understand their interactions, relationships, and historical context. These methods were likely used to gather and analyze information about the family's history.
 
Results and Conclusion: The paper provides a narrative account of the Topias family's historical significance, their break from Byzantium, and their role as vassals to the king of Naples. It highlights their resilience and adaptability in medieval European politics, highlighting the complex dynamics of political and religious spheres.
 
Research implications: The paper provides a rich historical account of the Topias family, highlighting their political strategies, interfaith relations, vassalage, Anjouan influence in the Balkans, and the influence of clergy in politics. It also highlights the importance of examining the historical narrative and its potential to contribute to ongoing scholarly discussions on medieval European history, politics, and culture.
 
Originality/value: The paper provides valuable insights into medieval Balkan politics, interfaith relations, and vassalage dynamics in medieval Europe. It focuses on lesser-known actors like the Topias family, their religious conversion, Angevin influence in the Balkans, and the complexities of feudal relationships. The narrative also highlights the intersection of clerical and political power, enhancing our understanding of medieval governance and interfaith relations.
EFICIENCIA, EFECTIVIDAD Y CREACIÓN DE VALOR DE LAS EMPRESAS MINERAS EN EL PERÚ
Authors: Huallpa Jorge Jinchuña , Arocutipa Javier Pedro Flores , Minaya Julio Cesar Lujan , Machuca Jesús Manuel Arhuiri Vargas
Published: March 2024

Purpose: The objective of this research was to test the efficiency, effectiveness and effectiveness are directly and highly related to the creation of added economic value in the mining sector of Peru, 1999-2021. Method: The finances of 15 mining companies have been analyzed. There are 345 records in 23 years. 357 accounts and 31 ratios have been analyzed, achieving 120 correlation coefficients, two econometric models with data from the Securities Market Superintendence. Results and conclusion: The results showed correlation between economic added value and efficiency (93%), with effectiveness (69.1%) and with effectiveness (91.3%). With turnover of total assets (0.939), with net profit (0.807), profitability of assets (0.915) and profitability on equity (0.911). It is concluded that the mining sector consolidated its assets, assets and has created value for shareholders. Research implications: The mining sector has created value of $6,181 million in the 23 years. the sector’s value creation requires that the returns on assets and equity are equal to or above two digits. Originality/value: Good mining management practices achieve economic, social and environmental balance in southern Peru
Indonesian Government Policy in Increasing State Revenue Through Raw Material Export Prohibitions
Authors: Setyagama Azis , Susilo Wawan , Purwanto  , Su’ud Muchammad
Published: March 2024

Purpose: To increase state income and revenues by prohibiting the export of raw materials, especially mining and mineral materials, by converting raw materials into semi-finished or finished materials so that added value can be added.
 
Method: This study uses normative legal research which examines the policies of the Indonesian government as outlined in Law No. 4 of 2009 concerning Minerals and Coal, which prohibits raw mining and mineral materials from being exported abroad. The research approach is through a qualitative juridical approach, namely by examining it from a legal standpoint as well as providing explanations related to the ban on the export of minerals and minerals.
 
Results and Conclusions: The policy of prohibiting the export of raw mining and mineral materials generates greater state income and revenue, because it gets a large added value by imposing high taxes, and also opens up employment opportunities and reduces unemployment in Indonesia.
 
Research implications: The Indonesian government's policy of prohibiting the export of mineral and mineral raw materials raises pros and cons in the country, but the Indonesian government remains adamant that this policy is to increase state revenues and revenues, added value and employment. Overseas, the government's policy of banning the export of mineral and mineral raw materials is opposed by the United States and the European Union because it will harm them as importers of mineral and raw materials from Indonesia
 
Originality/value: Importing countries of mining and mineral raw materials such as China, the United States and Europe have established mining and mineral raw material (Smelteer) processing companies in Indonesia.
Influence of Organic Granular Fertilizer, Chemical and Granular Organic Fertilizer with Hormone Mixed Formula (Ho), and Chemical Fertilizer to the Yield and Starch Content of Cassava
Authors: Raksarikorn Chawalit , Pumisak Intanon , Ruankuan Intanon
Published: March 2024

Objective: The purpose of this study was to the influence of fertilizers and the use rate of fertilizer for soil improvement on the yields, and starch content of cassava.
 
Method: The experiment design was in RCBD with 9 treatments, which were as follows; T1 (Control), T2 (ORG 50 kilograms/rai.), T3 (ORG 100 kilograms/rai.), T4 (HO-1 50 kilograms/rai.), T5 (HO-1 100 kilograms/rai.), T6 (HO-2 50 kilograms/rai.), T7 (HO-2 100 kilograms/rai.), T8 (CHEM 50 kilograms/rai.), and T9 (CHEM 100 kilograms/rai.) The experiment plots were located at Pasao, Muang District, Uttaradit Province, from June 2017 – June 2018. by using the DMRT method at 95% confidence.
 
Results and Conclusions: The result showed that yield components, the use of HO-2 fertilizer 100 kilograms/rai. The formula of yield quality for cassava. It has the mean number of tubers per plant 17.00 tuber/ plant, number of root length 47.75 cm., and the cassava tuber circumference 25.25 cm. significantly different at 95%. While the components of average weight/tuber 0.67 kilograms/tuber and yield weight/tree 10.55 kilograms/plant were the highest among other treatments. But there was no statistical difference at 95%. However, when considering the highest average yield per rai, It was found that using HO-2 fertilizer 100 kg/rai gave a higher yield than other treatments (5,110 kilograms/rai). The rate of 100 kilograms/rai resulted in a higher percentage of cassava starch content than other methods (30.50%), which was statistically significantly different at 95%, better than using chemical fertilizers, organic granular fertilizers, and without fertilizers (Control). In terms of cost and profit, It was found that using 100 kg/rai of HO-2 fertilizer resulted in the highest profit from product sales per rai of 10,458 baht/rai, which was higher than using chemical fertilizers and organic granular fertilizer. Moreover, HO fertilizer was a choice to manage soil and fertilizer that affects the cassava product quality in Uttaradit Province.
 
Research implications: The hormone mixed formula (HO) fertilizer 100 kilograms/rai had certain impact on the improvement on chemical properties and the soil physical appearance than not putting the fertilizer, that the HO-2 100 kilograms per rai was suitable for increasing the productivity and percentage of starch content of cassava.
Originality/value: This study evaluates fertilizer types and application rates on cassava yield and starch content in Uttaradit Province, Thailand. Using a randomized complete block design, it provides insights into soil fertility and productivity improvement. The study also assesses profitability, offering practical insights for farmers.
El desarrollo sostenible: La ética empresarial en la educación
Authors:   Universidad Veracruzana, Gallegos Parra Clara Luz , Aguilar Pizarro Víctor ,   Universidad Veracruzana, Carmona Guzmán María Esther ,   Universidad Veracruzana, Domínguez Retolaza José Luis ,   Universidad Veracruzana
Published: March 2024

La educación superior es un elemento fundamental para erradicar la pobreza, y elevar la salud, bienestar, igualdad de género, trabajo decente y crecimiento económico. Durante el foro mundial de la educación realizado en el año 2015 en Incheon República de Corea, se aprobó una visión de educación para los próximos quince años, como objetivo se pretende demostrar que la ética empresarial debe ser uno de los objetivos de la educación superior en el área de las ciencias administrativas, la metodología utilizada es descriptiva a partir del concepto del pacto mundial de las Naciones Unidas como resultado de relación entre ética empresarial y responsabilidad social, resaltando la importancia del gobierno corporativo en la responsabilidad de las organizaciones, teniendo como limitaciones de estudio la cantidad de pequeñas empresas y organizaciones que al no contar con gobierno corporativo los principios éticos no son considerados en su propia acción de gobierno, se concluye que el vínculo universidades y empresas públicas o privadas; en materia de ética empresarial debe establecerse como estrategia a través de un programa tangible que articule proyectos establecidos de colaboración, ya que este es un elemento imprescindible para implantar un ambiente laboral de confianza y transparencia en donde se fortalezcan la integridad y la estabilidad financiera esto se puede llevar en cualquier ámbito tanto público como privado.
Sustentabilidad y valor de las acciones que cotizan en BMV
Authors:   Universidad Veracruzana, Hernández Rodríguez Cinthya Malena , Moreno Luce Rafael Gerónimo ,   Universidad Veracruzana, Vargas Rubín Héctor Julián ,   Universidad Veracruzana
Published: March 2024

En la actualidad las empresas consideran que invertir en acciones sustentables además de mejorar la imagen corporativa debe retribuir de manera económica a la entidad. De conformidad con la encuesta “La Sostenibilidad en la Agenda del Liderazgo Mexicano 2022” realizada por SAP menciona que el 46% de los ejecutivos entrevistados considera como una dificultad lograr el retorno de dicha inversión en un corto plazo (SAP SE, 2022). La presente investigación tiene el objetivo de describir las actividades sustentables realizadas por empresas mexicanas que cotizan en la Bolsa Mexicana de Valores, así como el valor de sus acciones durante el ejercicio 2019. El supuesto consiste en describir la relación entre el número de acciones sustentables implementadas y el valor en que se cotizaron en los periodos mencionados. Se realiza un estudio descriptivo y mediante un análisis documental se toma una muestra de dos entidades del sector bancario que emiten su Autoevaluación correspondiente al ejercicio 2019. De manera general se concluye que las empresas analizadas al implementar acciones sustentables mantuvieron su posicionamiento en el mercado de acuerdo con el precio de sus acciones cotizadas en dicho ejercicio.
Cognitive complexity points: a metric to evaluate the design of microservices-based applications
Authors: Vera-Rivera Fredy H.
Published: March 2024

The complexity of the software allows us to analyze how difficult to understand, implement and maintain the program can be. The metrics allow us to measure and estimate certain characteristics of the software to make decisions and corrective or preventive actions. The definition of the complexity of the microservices-based applications design is fundamental since it directly affects the performance of the application, development, testing, maintainability, storage (transactions and distributed queries), and the use and consumption of computational resources. In this paper, a cognitive complexity metric is proposed to evaluate the design and granularity of microservices-based applications, which define the required effort, or degree of difficulty to understand the microservices that make up the system. Typical cases were analyzed, which can appear in the design of microservices-based applications, the calculation of cognitive complexity was correct and consistent with the difficulty of understanding, maintaining, and developing a microservice system, therefore it is a viable option for analyzing complexity in microservices-based architecture.
QUALITY INDICATORS OF DOUGH FOR DUMPLINGS USING IMERETY SAFFRON
Authors:   Sumy National Agrarian University, Marenkova Tatyana , Sereda Olha ,   Sumy National Agrarian University
Published: March 2024

The work deals with topical issues of solving the problems of expanding the assortment of flour dishes using natural sources of biologically active substances. Attention should be paid to the development of flour dishes of a functional orientation for further offering to consumers in catering establishments. One of the timely trends is the creation of dumplings -national flour dishes of Ukrainian cuisine, giving them a functional orientation through plant-based ingredients. Among such ingredi-ents, it is worth noting the biologically active complex of Imereti saffron, which contains vitamins, minerals, and dietary fibers. It is used as an antioxidant and has a therapeutic and preventive effect.It should also be noted that the research of ancient ethnic traditions of national dishes of various national ethnic groups is an urgent issue of our time. Therefore, adding edible flower dumplings to the dough recipe provides a new idea in the search for a combination of a traditional recipe and an innovative approachto creating new products.A study of the technological aspects of the use of domestic plant raw materials -dried marigold flowers (Imereti saffron) in the technology of dough for dumplings was conducted. Standard methods were used to determine product quality indicators. The characteristics of Imereti saffron as a promising ingredient for the production of fresh dough for dumplings are given.In the course of research, it was determined that the addition of Imereti saffron flowers for dumplings allows to modernize the organoleptic indicators of the quality of the products, has a positive effect on the chemical composition of the dough for dumplings, saturates the dough with macro-and micro-nutrients and dietary fibers necessary for the body. It was established experimentally that when adding Imereti saffron to the composition of the dough recipe for dumplings, it should be consideredrational to add flower powder in the amount of 1% to the mass of flour.The article describes the features of the technologyof making fresh dough for dumplings, developed a technological scheme for dumplings, and defined subsystem analysis in detail. Dried flowers of marigolds -Imereti saffron are a promising raw material, and the developed variant of fresh dough for dumplings can be recommended as part of the production program of the restaurant industry
METHOD FOR DETECTING FAKE NEWS THROUGH WRITING STYLE
Authors:   National Technical University of Ukraine “Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute”, Mishchenkо Liudmyla , Klymenkо Iryna ,   National Technical University of Ukraine “Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute”
Published: March 2024

In the era of digital technologies, distinguishing truth from misinformation is a challenging task. Fake news, character-ized by deceitful narratives, poses a significant threat. Traditional fact-checking methods often overlook the nuances of lin-guistic stylistic coloring. This study employs an advanced writing style analysis that extends beyond conventional methodolo-gies. Several linguistic dimensions of texts are considered in this research, emphasizing on pre-processing and function development. The experiments are based on various datasets. Thus, the developed method for detecting fake news utilizes a multidimensional approach. The proposed development includes meticulous verification of the dataset, pre-processing, and function development, focusing on emotionally charged vocabulary, word groups used in reports indicating event likelihood, mild cursing, and non-standard lexicon. Significant differences in linguistic features were identified, contributing to a nuanced understanding of the construction and creation of deceptive texts. The research results demonstrate that this method accurately distinguishes genuine from fake news articles based on writing style. This study represents significant progress in identifying phony news through writing style analysis, aiding in combating misinformation in the era of digital technologies
Microplastic particles contain ice nucleation sites that can be deactivated by atmospheric aging
Authors: Seifried Teresa M. , Nikkho Sepehr , Morales Murillo Aurelio , Andrew Lucas J. , Grant Edward R. , Bertram Allan K.
Published: March 2024

Recent research has shown that microplastics are widespread in the atmosphere. However, we know little about their ability to nucleate ice and impact cloud glaciation. Ice nucleation by microplastics could also limit their long-range transport and global distributions. The present study explores the heterogeneous ice nucleation activity of seven microplastic samples in the immersion-freezing mode. Two polypropylene and one polyethylene terephthalate sample froze heterogeneously with median freezing temperatures of -20.9°C, -23.2°C and -21.9°C, respectively. The number of ice nucleation sites per surface area, n_s (T), ranged from 10-1 to 104 cm-2 in a temperature interval of -15 to -25°C, which is comparable to that of volcanic ash and fungal spores. After exposure to ozone or a combination of UV light and ozone, simulating atmospheric aging, the ice nucleation activity decreased in some cases and remained unchanged in others. An initial assessment using microplastic concentrations reported in the literature and our freezing data suggest that microplastics may influence cloud glaciation in some situations, but more studies are needed to confirm this initial assessment. Ice nucleation by microplastics may also impact their long-range transport and global distribution of microplastics based on a comparison of our freezing results and those of fungal spores.
Pharmacogenetics of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus: A review
Authors: Samoilova Iuliia G. , Vaizova Olga E. , Stankova Anastasia E. , Matveeva Mariia V. , Podchinenova Daria V. , Kudlay Dmitry A. , Borozinets Anastasiia A. , Filippova Tatyana A. , Grishkevich Ivan R. , Partala Anastasia V. , Gerasimova Diana A.
Published: March 2024

The review addresses publications on genetic polymorphisms that potentially impact the effectiveness of therapy with hypoglycemic drugs of the dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor group. The literature was searched in the PubMed database from 2017 to 2023. Polymorphisms of several genes (GLP1R, TCF7L2, DPP-4, KCNQ1, KCNJ11, PNPLA3, PRKD1) are associated with the pharmacokinetic values and efficacy of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors, which may be promising for personalizing the treatment of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Relationships of doctors and patients of the infection hospital during the 1st and 2nd waves of the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Romanova Tatyana E. , Abaeva Olga P. , Prisyazhnaya Nadezhda V. , Romanov Sergey V. , Berdutin Vitaly A.
Published: March 2024

Aim. To conduct a comparative analysis of the relationship between doctors and patients in a regional infectious diseases hospital to combat the complications of COVID-19 during the 1st and 2nd waves of the pandemic.
Materials and methods. The basis of the study was the infectious diseases hospital deployed in the City Clinical Hospital No. 5 in Nizhny Novgorod. The hospital treated patients with complications of coronavirus infection with concomitant therapeutic or surgical pathology. The study was conducted taking into account the principles of robust management through questioning, on issues related to the social characteristics of patients and their subjective assessments of relationships with medical personnel. The scope of the study was 129 people.
Results. The study did not reveal any changes in the relationship between medical workers and patients; both in the 1st and in the 2nd wave of the pandemic, they were built on mutual respect and empathy: medical workers do their best to support patients, the latter, in turn, understand the difficulties of staff work in an infectious diseases hospital and feel gratitude. The established facts are convincing proof of the high level of readiness of medical organizations and their employees to work in extreme conditions associated with a tense epidemic situation.
Conclusion. Thus, the results of this study indicate the formation in the 1st wave of the pandemic of a model of relationships built on the principles of mutual trust, support and avoidance of conflicts between doctors and patients of the regional infectious diseases hospital and the preservation of this model during the 2nd wave of the pandemic.
Inflammation and myocardial fibrosis: is there a relation with left bundle branch block
Authors: Rimskaya Elena M. , Stukalova Olga V. , Aparina Olga P. , Mironova Nataliia A. , Kuznetsova Tatiana V. , Chumachenko Petr V. , Golitsyn Sergey P.
Published: March 2024

Aim. To assess myocardial changes during left bundle branch block (LBBB) in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) and in structurally normal hearts.
Materials and methods. Seventy three patients with clinic-instrumental signs of DCM, were divided into 2 groups with LBBB (group 1; n=41) and without LBBB (group 2; n=32). Moreover, 15 patients with LBBB with no signs of structural heart diseases (group 3) and 10 healthy subjects were included in the study. Fibrosis assessment and the inflammation detection was performed by cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR). The inflammation in 15 patients from group 1 and 16 patients from group 2 was confirmed by endomyocardial biopsy (EMB). Moreover, the level of transforming growing factor β1was assessed in serum of all patients and healthy subjects (TGF-β1).
Results. The diffuse inflammatory process was defined in 46.7% cases of group 1 according to EMB data. The frequency of inflammation detection in groups 1 and 2 was comparable in EMB analyses (p=0,64) and CMR analyses (12,2% positive cases in group 1 vs 50% in group 2; p=0,18). The frequency of focal left ventricular fibrosis and intramural scar in the interventricular septum (“stria”) was also comparable in groups 1 and 2: 16 (39%) positive cases with focal fibrosis in group 1 versus 17 (53%) cases in group 2; p=0,35 and 6 (14,6%) cases with intramural scar in group 1 versus 7 (22%) in group 2; p=0,12. Patients from group 3 demonstrated no late gadolinium enhancement on CMR images but increased TGF-β1 level in the serum.
Conclusion. Focal myocardial fibrosis is not related to the LBBB. Patients with idiopathic LBBB are characterized by increased TGF-β1 level with no myocardial fibrosis. Diffuse inflammation in LBBB-DCM patients may contribute to the progression of systolic dysfunction but is not the reason for LBBB formation.
Combination therapy for productive cough in acute respiratory viral infection (ARVI) and acute bronchitis in real clinical practice
Authors: Leshchenko Igor V. , Esaulova Natalia A.
Published: March 2024

Aim. To evaluate effectiveness and safety of combination drug containing ambroxol, guaifenesin and levosalbutamol (Ascoril LS), oral solution, in comparison with monocomponent drugs in the treatment of productive cough in adult patients with acute respiratory viral infection (ARVI) and acute bronchitis.
Materials and methods. Open randomized study included patients with clinical symptoms of ARVI and acute bronchitis, having productive cough with difficulty in sputum discharge. 160 patients were randomized into 4 groups that received the study drug or comparison drugs (ambroxol, acetylcysteine, Rengalin) 3 times a day for 20 days. After 5, 10, 15 and 20 days of treatment, the doctor assessed subjective complaints and effectiveness of therapy. The primary endpoint was the proportion of patients with high and very high efficacy, recovery from work, and clinically significant cardiovascular events.
Results. Satisfaction with clinical effect of therapy with Ascoril LS was noted by 96% of patients, tolerability and ease of administration by 99%. 97% of patients are satisfied with price/quality ratio. The overall percentage of satisfaction with treatment Ascoril LS was 99%. Tolerability of therapy was assessed by all patients as good, without the development of significant adverse events. During therapy for productive cough, a significant decrease in cough was noted in Ascoril LS group already on the 5th day of therapy (57%) and subsequently at all follow-up visits. Restoration of working capacity of patients in Ascoril LS group due to complete regression of productive cough was established in 50% of patients on the 5th day of treatment. On days 10 and 15, 75% and 90% of patients, respectively, were able to begin work due to complete relief of cough, which is significantly more compared to other treatment groups. It is important that in all cases Ascoril LS was prescribed at the very beginning of the disease, which made it possible to achieve the described results
Conclusion. The effectiveness of a new combination drug containing ambroxol, guaifenesin and levosalbutamol for the treatment of productive cough in adult patients with ARVI and acute bronchitis exceeds the effectiveness of monocomponent therapy with comparator drugs. The safety profiles of the study drug and comparison drugs were comparable, including in patients with cardiovascular risk.
Efficacy, safety and prospects of using a combination of native type II collagen, methylsulfonylmethane, boswellic acids, vitamin C and vitamin D3 in knee osteoarthritis: a resolution of the Expert panel
Authors: Mazurov Vadim I. , Alekseeva Liudmila I. , Belyaeva Irina B. , Belenkiy Igor G. , Burulev Artem L. , Gaydukova Inna Z. , Zonova Elena V. , Kalyuzhin Oleg V. , Nesmeyanova Olga B. , Otteva Elvira N. , Trofimov Evgeniy A.
Published: March 2024

A meeting of the Expert Council on September 9, 2023 considered the last challenges in the treatment of osteoarthritis (OA) including OA in comorbid patients. Leading experts in rheumatology, traumatology and other relevant disciplines participated in the meeting. The key goal of Expert Council was the discussion of potential application of a combination of undenatured (native) type II collagen, methylsulfonylmethane, boswellic acids, vitamins C and D (Artneo complex) as a part of complex OA therapy. The experts concluded that Artneo for stage I–III knee OA patients is not just non-inferior in comparison with a combination of chondroitin sulfate and glucosamine hydrochloride but excels it in the decrease of magnetic resonance imaging synovitis markers and dynamics of Lequesne index for knee osteoarthritis severity. The proven efficacy and the favorable safety profile of 6-months Artneo course deserve the attention of medical community and the active implementation of Artneo complex into ambulatory practice, first of all, for the treatment of patients with mild or moderate synovitis and/or burdened with comorbidities.
McGill School of Religious Studies Bachelor of Theology Survey
Authors: Rosini Amanda , Neba Prudence
Published: March 2024

This paper offers a brief analysis of a survey created with the intent of better understanding the student experience of those enrolled in McGill University’s Bachelor of Theology. The questions were crafted with the objective of understanding how certain demographic features – education, age, ethnicity, and origin of province or country – have affected the experience of students in the Bachelor of Theology program during their first semester. The paper reviews the survey data with the aim of offering some tangible ways to better meet the changing needs of current and future students in McGill’s Bachelor of Theology program.
GLOBALIZATION OF THE HOTEL AND LEISURE INDUSTRY AFTER THE COVID 19 PANDEMIC
Authors: H. Garcia Lorena , P. Valenzuela Marierose , C. Apat Elaine Joy , Bawica Ismaela , Lalas Eduardo
Published: March 2024

The hospitality industry has been greatly affected by Covid 19 pandemic since the first quarter of 2020. Part of it is the hotel and leisure industry which the pandemic caused business closure and loss of jobs. Gaming, adventure parks, tourist destinations, restaurants and other industries have to adhere with the restrictions set by the government during that period. In the year 2021, businesses are slowly returning to its operation and the hotel and leisure industry are among them. Following the strict implementation of Inter Agency Task Force (IATF), food establishments strategized on how to cope up with limitations and with numerous rules and policies being implemented like sanitization, social distancing, and vaccination requirements to ensure the safety of everyone. Enabling out the restrictions for the economy to function, hotel and leisure industry is gradually moving out of the depression caused by the pandemic. For this reason, it is deemed necessary to explore the globalization opportunities that the hotel and leisure industry could looked into in its recovery from the damage caused by the Covid 19 pandemic. This paper utilized the qualitative design using secondary data which identify the globalization’s evolution and strengths as well as effects and opportunities in the hotel and leisure industry. The data gathered are anchored with the globalization theory that dealt with economic, trade, environment and socio-economic aspects. It points out that the advent of technology brought by the globalization increases competition. More so, modern technology implored in hotel and leisure industry to reach its people with ease become predominant like the artificial technology. With the advent of technology and globalization, it is safe to say that hotel and leisure industry is regaining its position in the global market.
PERCEPTIONS OF CLIMATE CHANGE AND PROPOSED ADAPTATION STRATEGIES AMONG RICE FARMERS IN NORTH CENTRAL NIGERIA
Authors: Nabara I.S. , Mohammed U. , Olagunju O. O. , Galadima M.
Published: March 2024

One of the main issues affecting the performance of agriculture is climate change, which is widely acknowledged. Proper adaptation measures to mitigate its effects depend on an understanding of climate change. The purpose of this study is to evaluate how farmers in north-central Nigeria who grow rice perceive climate change and the suggested adaption measures. A well-structured questionnaire was utilized to compile a sample of 500 smallholder rice producers employing a multistage sampling technique. Using descriptive statistics, data were examined. The results revealed decrease in rainfall distribution (Mean=2.67). The highest mean score in social level adaptations was recorded on attachment to place (Mean=4.615). Farmers’ response to a perceived change to temperature with the highest mean score in implemented soil/river conservation (Mean=3.84), perceived change to precipitation showed implemented soil/river conservation has the highest mean score (Mean=3.56). Farmers perceived barriers to adaptation indicated lack of information (62.8%), the determinants of adaptation strategies showed access to extension (83.5%), diversifying income (77.3%), and knowledge about climate change (76.3%), household size (76.3%), farm size (74.8%), and farming experience (56.0%). The study suggests that all the key factors that affect farmers’ preferences for adaptation to climate change should be poeticized in light of their perspectives.
CLIMATE RESILIENCE IN TOURISM: A SYNTHESIS OF GLOBAL STRATEGIES AND IMPLICATIONS FOR U.S. DESTINATIONS
Authors: Adekuajo Ifeoluwa Oreofe , Ann Udeh Chioma , Okonkwo Franciscamary Chinyere , Nnabugwu Obiageli Chinwe , Daraojimba Chibuike
Published: March 2024

In an era where climate change poses a formidable threat to global industries, tourism stands at a critical juncture. This study delves into the nexus between climate resilience and tourism, with a concentrated lens on the United States. The purpose is to amalgamate global strategies and discern their implications for U.S. tourism destinations, thereby equipping stakeholders with a blueprint for sustainable practice. By employing a systematic literature review as its methodological backbone, the study meticulously sifts through peer-reviewed literature to extract and thematically synthesize resilience strategies that are pertinent to the tourism industry. The findings reveal a pronounced vulnerability of tourism to climatic variabilities, emphasizing the indispensable role of climate resilience in fostering sustainable tourism. The study identifies and evaluates global best practices, assessing their applicability to the U.S. context, and distills effective practices for U.S. implementation. It also casts light on the economic and social ramifications of adopting climate resilience measures. Conclusively, the study posits strategic policy recommendations, advocating for an integrated approach that encompasses expanding protected areas, formulation of a tourism vulnerability index, and promoting sustainable transport policies. These recommendations are proffered not merely as a defensive mechanism against climate change but as a proactive stance to reinvigorate and future-proof the tourism sector.
EXPLORE THE CLIMATE CHANGE IMPACT SCENARIO OF URBAN CITIES IN BANGLADESH: A QUALITATIVE APPROACH
Authors: Saha Ashim Kumar , Barua Prabal
Published: March 2024

Bangladesh is one of the vulnerable countries which is mostly exposed to the influences of climate change and along with urban areas being particularly at-risk severity. This paper explores the climate change effect scenario of lower and middle-income (LMIC) urban cities in Bangladesh using a qualitative approach. The study aims to categorize the current and potential forthcoming effects of climate change on LMIC urban cities in Bangladesh, as well as the coping and adaptation approaches adopted by the municipal communities. This study was conducted in three LMIC urban cities of Bangladesh, namely Dhaka, Chattogram, and Khulna, using semi-structured key informant interviews (KIIs) and focus group discussions (FGDs) with local government officials, community leaders and key representatives from relevant NGOs. The results of the study show that LMIC urban municipalities in Bangladesh are already experiencing various influences of natural calamities and hazards, such as cyclone, heavy rainfall, flooding, waterlogging, heatwaves, cold wave and sea-level rise high & low tide etc. These include the expansion of early warning systems, flood control measures, and the promotion of sustainable urban development practices. The study also exposes that local communities have developed various coping and adaptation strategies, including the construction of flood-resistant structures, water management systems, and awareness-raising campaigns on climate change. Overall, the study highlights on the urgent requirement for policymakers, urban planners, and others key stakeholders to take proactive procedures to address the impacts of climate change on LMIC urban cities in Bangladesh. The study underscores the importance of accepting a multi-stakeholder approach that contains the active participation of all relevant stakeholders in developing and executing effective adaptation tactics. The findings of this study have important suggestions for policy and practice in Bangladesh and other LMIC countries. The study highlights the need for more comprehensive and integrated approaches to climate change adaptation in LMIC urban cities, which should take into account the social, economic, and political context of these areas. The study also emphasizes the importance of community-based and participatory methods to climate change adaptation, which can increase the resilience and adaptive capacity of urban local communities.
IMPACTS OF LAND-USE, LAND-COVER, AND CLIMATE CHANGES ON STREAMFLOW IN THE UPPER LUFIRA CATCHMENT, D.R. CONGO
Authors: Urbain Mumba Tshanika , Deogratias Mulungu , Emery Kasongo Lenge Mukonzo , Nkombe Alphonse Kalambulwa , Jonathan Ilunga Muledi
Published: March 2024

Hydrological processes are often influenced by the changes in land use, land cover, and climatic variables that negatively or positively affect all the hydrological components. For the Upper Lufira catchment, the factors affecting runoff and its relationship with land use/cover are less known. Thus, this study aims to assess the impacts of climate change and LULC change on streamflow of the Upper Lufira catchment using the powerful Soil and Water Assessment Tool. This study required three categories of data: a set of historically available climate data from 1990 to 2013, spatial data (DEM, two land use/cover maps respectively for 2000 and 2010, and a soil map), and hydrometric data. The results showed that streamflow was affected by the changes in LULC and Climate between 1998 and 2013 mainly by reducing it. The changes were also observed for other hydrological components. Lateral flow, base flow, evapotranspiration, and Percolation increased while surface runoff, soil water content, and water yield decreased. In conclusion, anthropogenic activities do indeed have a significant impact on streamflow as well as on hydrological components in the Upper Lufira catchment. Thus, we have recommended careful control of all human activities in the catchment, mainly by regulating deforestation activities and improving reforestation activities in the context of catchment sustainable management.
STATUS OF CLIMATE VULNERABILLIES, HUMAN RESPONCIBILLIES AND CHALLENGES
Authors: Hosen Bappa , Kumar Shailesh , Rahaman Dr. Mosfudar , Akhtar Md. Nazir , sagar Lalit
Published: March 2024

As global climate change continues to manifest in various forms, the urgency to comprehensively assess its implications for human societies is paramount. This article presents a thorough examination of climate vulnerabilities and their imminent consequences, highlighting the critical role of human responsibility in addressing these challenges. The study synthesizes a wide range of empirical evidence and expert insights to provide an integrated assessment of the multifaceted impacts of climate change on various sectors, including ecosystems, health, agriculture, migration, and socio-economic equity. Drawing from a substantial body of literature, including reports from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) and other reputable sources, this article underscores the complexity and interconnectedness of climate vulnerabilities. It delves into the consequences of rising temperatures, shifting precipitation patterns, and extreme weather events on ecosystems and biodiversity, underscoring the pressing need for conservation efforts. It’s elucidates the pronounced impacts of climate change on human health, infectious diseases, and food security, emphasizing the importance of adaptive strategies and policy interventions. The article also examines the intricate relationship between climate change and human migration, exploring how environmental stressors amplify societal vulnerabilities and raise ethical considerations. In sum, this article provides a comprehensive assessment of climate vulnerabilities and emphasizes the shared responsibility of human society in tackling these challenges. By recognizing the intricate web of consequences that climate change presents, this study serves as a call to action for policymakers, researchers, and individuals alike, urging coordinated efforts to safeguard our planet’s future.
Distribution of crayfish (Decapoda, Astacoidea) in Flanders (Belgium): an update
Authors: Boets Pieter , Lock Koen , Adriaens Tim , Mouton Ans , Goethals Peter L.M.
Published: March 2024

Short notes don’t have an abstract.
Structural carbohydrate and lignin content of perennial cereal forage grasses depending on the growth phase and digital innovations in forage composition analysis
Authors: Khudyakova Н. К. , Khudyakova Е. V. , Stepantsevich М. N. , Motorin О. А. , Jouravlev М. V. , Nikanorov М. S.
Published: March 2024

The article is devoted to the study of the content of cell wall carbohydrates – neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF), acid detergent lignin (ADL) – in cereal forage grasses depending on the growth phases. An increase in all cell wall fractions was revealed as the growth phases changed. The content of acid detergent fiber, neutral-detergent fiber and acid detergent lignin (% in dry matter) in cereal forage grasses (awnless brome, meadow fescue, meadow timothy) is 31‑32, 50‑55, 4‑6 before earing; in the earing phase – 32‑37, 55‑65, and 5‑6; in the flowering phase – 40‑45, 70‑72, 7‑9, respectively. As grasses grow, their composition changes with the accumulation of cell walls. The increase in the proportion of neutral detergent fiber occurs mainly due to an increase in the proportion of cellulose and a decrease in the proportion of hemicellulose, which is consistent with a higher digestibility of grasses in the early growth stages. According to the results of the study, the relationship between crude fiber and acid detergent fiber was closer (n = 64, s = 2.4%, r = 0.93) than between crude fiber and neutral detergent fiber (n = 64, s = 4.4%, r = 0.87). As the composition of grass changes daily during the growing season, it is advisable to determine its composition as soon as possible. As chemical methods are time-consuming, an express method based on an infrared analyzer can be used to solve this problem. The express method involves, after the grinding of the sample, sequential operations such as calibrating the analyzer, placing the sample in the analyzer and analyzing the samples with the analyzer. This means that this method is also quite time-consuming. To obtain information more quickly (two hours), digital technologies are now increasingly being used. The method based on digital technologies involves the sequential execution of the following operations: UAV launch, crop survey, transmission of multispectral data to the server, information processing and calculation of crude fiber content.
Comparative assessment of the change in the species composition of vegetation on the territory of the western field of RSAU-MTAA
Authors: Spynu М. Т. , Titova М. I. , Seregin I. A. , Yaroslavtsev А. М. , Aleksandrov N. А.
Published: March 2024

The article presents the analysis of changes in the floral composition of the western field of the Ecological Station of the Russian State Agrarian University – Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy for 4 years. The research object is located in the center of the megalopolis, it is subject to high anthropogenic load, as it is surrounded on both sides by a road network, and at the same time it is part of the facies of the Forest Experimental Dacha. The site is characterized by close occurrence of groundwater, high density of upper soil horizons, heterogeneous soil structure and mesorelief, resulting of in flooding. As a result of a significant number of anthropogenic and abiotic factors, it is necessary to analyze the vegetation composition and the species richness of the area in order to assess the dynamics of variability of these conditions and to predict the potential stability of the biological diversity of the area. The changes in the species composition were analyzed by describing the vegetation and evaluating quantitative indicators: frequency of occurrence, abundance of species, degree of their dominance according to the O. Drude scale, as well as the Shannon index and indicators of species richness and saturation.

The studies carried out showed a pronounced variability in vegetation cover from 2018 to 2022. During the study period, there was a change in plant families and an increase in species diversity: richness and saturation indices. In 2022, there was an increase in the number of species and an increase in the uniformity of their numbers compared to 2018.
Analysis of general physical performance of students-eSportsmen
Authors: Kornishin I. I. , Petrova О. А. , Grachev А. В.
Published: March 2024

Nowadays, eSports – competitive activities in computer games – are an integral part of sports culture. There are a number of studies confirming the similarities between traditional sports and eSports, athletes and eSportsmen, computer game play and physical exercise. In order to improve their performance, eSportsmen use the same methods as traditional athletes: following a daily regime, a clear training schedule, having a coach and a psychologist. At the same time, there is a perception that eSports has a negative impact on players’ physical fitness: hypodynamia, hours of daily gaming sessions and monotonous low-amplitude movements are not associated with a healthy lifestyle. This study analyzed the physical performance of ten men (aged between 19 and 21) who had been involved in eSports for 5 years. The method used was the Harvard-step test, which requires men to climb a 50 cm high bench at a given speed for 5 minutes. Before and after performing the test, biological indicators such as heart rate, blood pressure and a number of other indicators are recorded for the first 30 seconds, during the second, third and fourth minutes. The results showed that most of the subjects in this group performed above average on the step test, indicating that the physical performance of young eSportsmen is at a relatively high level, which contradicts the common perception of their poor physical fitness.