bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
MENERAPKAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN KOOPERATIF TIPE NUMBERED HEAD TOGETHER UNTUK MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR SISWA SMK PADA MATA PELAJARAN PRODUKTIF
Authors: Ramadhan Ari A. , Hasan Syamsuri , Sumardi Kamin
Published: June 2019

ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui besarnya peningkatan hasil belajar dan  aktivitas siswa melalui penerapan model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe Numbered Head Together pada mata pelajaran Sistem Refrigerasi kelas X TP B SMK Negeri I Cimahi Tahun Ajaran 2013/2014. Metode yang digunakan adalah Penelitian Tindakan Kelas. Penelitian terdiri atas tiga siklus. Setiap siklus terdiri atas perencanaan, pelaksanaan, observasi dan refleksi. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah soal pre-test, post test dan lembar observasi aktivitas belajar siswa. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terjadi peningkatan hasil belajar yang ditunjukan oleh nilai rata-rata N-Gain pada siklus I dalam kategori sedang, siklus II kategori sedang, dan siklus III kategori tinggi. Hasil rata-rata persentase aktivitas pada siklus I masuk dalam kategori sedang, pada siklus II kategori tinggi, dan siklus III kategori tinggi. Kesimpulan penelitian ini yaitu model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe NHTdapat meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa dan aktivitas belajar siswa.
DISAIN SIMULATOR AUTOMOTIVE AIR CONDITIONING UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KOMPETENSI MAHASISWA
Authors: Sumardi Kamin , Munawar Wahid , Noor Ridwan AM
Published: June 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menghasilkan simulator automotive air conditioner dan model pembelajaran tata udara pada otomotif berwawasan teknologi ramah lingkungan. Penelitian menggunakan metode research and development dengan langkah-langkah: studi pendahuluan, perencanaan, pengembangan melalui uji coba simulator, validasi, dan produk akhir. Simulator dibuat sesuai dengan kondisi di dunia kerja agar tidak terjadi miskonsepsi dan mala-praktek automotive air conditioning. Simulator ini dibuat secara kompak dan mobile atau dapat dipindah dan dibawa. Model pembelajaran disesuaikan dengan kebutuhan kompetensi yang dipersyaratkan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dengan bantuan simulator automotive air conditioner dan model pembelajaran yang tepat mahasiswa mampu menyerap konsep dan praktek lebih cepat 85%. Hasil belajar pada ranah afektif, kognitif, psikomotor dan kompetensi meningkat secara signifikan.
KETERCAPAIAN KOMPETENSI LAS TIG LEVEL 1G PADA PERKULIAHAN TEKNIK PENGELASAN
Authors: Wijaya Reza Chandra , Yayat Yayat , Sasmita Asep H
Published: June 2019

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk melihat tingkat ketercapaian kompetensi yang berupa hasil belajar aspek keterampilan oleh mahasiswa pada proses pengelasan Las TIG level 1G. Kompetensi tersebut yaitu: kemampuan dalam membuat rigi las tanpa bahan tambah, kemampuan dalam membuat rigi las dengan bahan tambah, kemampuan dalam membuat sambungan I dengan bahan tambah, dan kemampuan dalam membuat sambungan sudut luar dengan bahan tambah pada pelat baja lunak. Hal tersebut didasarkan pada kenyataan bahwa proses pembelajaran pada mata kuliah tersebut belum optimal akibat terbatasnya sarana dan prasarana yang dimiliki, sehingga mahasiswa harus menunggu giliran untuk melakukan latihan. Penelitian dilakukan terhadap mahasiswa yang mengontrak mata kuliah Teknik Pengelasan Tahun ajaran 2014-2015 di DPTM FPTK UPI. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode deskriptif dengan instrumen penelitian berupa pedoman wawancara dan pedoman observasi. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diperoleh bahwa tingkat ketercapaian kompetensi yang berupa hasil belajar aspek keterampilan pada las TIG level 1G tegolong sedang.
ANALISIS KEBUTUHAN PERALATAN PRAKTIK MATA KULIAH PENGERJAAN LOGAM UNTUK MENCAPAI TUNTUTAN KOMPETENSI YANG DISYARATKAN
Authors: Pebriyana Sandy , Yayat Yayat , Sasmita Asep H
Published: June 2019

Keterbatasan alat yang dimiliki Workshop Praktek Dasar DPTM FPTK UPI berimbas kepada pelaksanaan pembelajaran dimana sering ditemukan terjadinya antrian dalam penggunaan alat. Kondisi tersebut secara tidak langsung berpengaruh terhadap prestasi belajar mahasiswa pada mata kuliah Pengerjaan Logam. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui gambaran nyata tentang kondisi faktual dan kondisi ideal tentang jumlah alat, efisiensi penggunaan alat dan kondisi kesesuaian antara jumlah alat faktual dengan jumlah kebutuhan alat ideal yang digunakan pada mata kuliah Pengerjaan Logam DPTM FPTK UPI. Subjek penelitian adalah alat yang digunakan pada mata kuliah Pengerjaan Logam. Metode yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah metode deskriptif. Jenis instrument yang digunakan adalah pedoman dokumentasi, pedoman wawancara dan pedoman observasi. Hasil analisis data menunjukan bahwa jumlah alat yang digunakan pada pembelajaran mata kuliah Pengerjaan Logam mayoritas jumlahnya terbatas, dan nilai efisiensi penggunaan alatnya mayoritas sangat tinggi (>90%). Perhitungan, kebutuhan alat untuk kondisi ideal pada setiap kelompok job dan nilai efisiensi penggunannya adalah: a) kerja bangku kebutuhannya 14 buah/jenis alat dengan efesiensi penggunaan 83%, b) kerja plat 7 buah/jenis dengan efesiensi penggunaan 83%, c) kerja las listrik 4 buah/jenis dengan efesiensi penggunaan 73%, d) kerja las asetilin 7 buah/jenis dengan efesiensi 83%, dan e) kerja bubut 7 buah/jenis dengan efesiensi penggunaan 83%. Tingkat kesesuian antara jumlah alat yang digunakan dan jumlah kebutuhan alat yang ideal pada mata kuliah Pengerjaan Logam hanya sebesar 22%.
EVALUASI IMPLEMENTASI PEMBELAJARAN KETERAMPILAN TUNE UP SEPEDA MOTOR PADA SISWA SEKOLAH MENENGAH KEJURUAN
Authors: Kustiawan Indra , Munawar Wahid , Sriyono Sriyono
Published: June 2019

Tujuan penelitian ini mengevaluasi pembelajaran keterampilan tune up sepeda motor pada siswa SMK Negeri Sukaresik. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode evaluasi dengan desain penelitian single subject research dimana terdapat proses pembelajaran keterampilan tune up sepeda motor, hasilnya diobservasi. Sampel dalam penelitian ini terdiri dari enam orang peserta didik kelas XII TSM SMK Negeri Sukaresik. Pemilihan sampel penelitian didasarkan pada pertimbangan dari guru mata pelajaran di sekolah tempat penelitian dan nilai peserta didik. Hasil penelitian ini: rata-rata waktu pengerjaan perawatan sepeda motor dari semua siswa adalah 121,58 menit dan persentase ketercapaian waktu pengerjaan untuk siswa dengan nilai tertinggi adalah 32% dan 20%, nilai sedang masing-masing 14% dan siswa dengan nilai rendah mashing-masing 9%. Waktu pengerjaan tune up sepeda motor yang dicapai oleh setiap siswa dijabarkan sebagai berikut: siswa dengan nilai tertinggi adalah 105 dan 116,5 menit, waktu pengerjaan siswa dengan nilai sedang adalah 119,5 dan 121,5 menit, sedangkan waktu pengerjaan untuk siswa dengan nilai terendah adalah 132,5 dan 134,5. Alokasi standar waktu untuk pengerjaan tune up adalah 90 menit. Dilihat dari data yang didapat tidak ada satupun siswa yang memenuhi standar untuk waktu pengerjaan tune up sepeda motor. rata-rata pencapaian hasil pengerjaan tune up sepeda motor dari semua siswa adalah 142. Ketercapaian hasil pengerjaan tune up sepeda motor oleh siswa dengan nilai tertinggi adalah 92.12% dan 91.52%, siswa dengan nilai sedang 86.06% dan 87.88%, sedangkan siswa dengan nilai terendah adalah 81.21% dan 78.18%. Perincian pencapaian hasil kerja oleh setiap siswa adalah sebagai berikut: untuk siswa dengan nilai tertinggi mencapai 152 dan 151, siswa dengan nilai sedang 142 dan 145, sedangkan siswa dengan nilai rendah 134 dan 129. Pencapaian standar ketercapaian hasil tune up sepeda motor yang ditetapkan adalah 165. Dilihat dari data yang didapat tidak ada satupun siswa yang memenuhi standar untuk hasil pengerjaan tune up sepeda motor.
STUDI PELAKSANAAN PRAKTIK KERJA INDUSTRI SIWA SMK
Authors: AT Nurifqi , Sumarna Nana , Permana Enda
Published: June 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui persiapan sekolah dan siswa sebelum pelaksanaan praktik kerja industri, pelaksanaan praktik kerja industri dilihat dari aktivitas pihak sekolah, pelaksanaan praktik kerja industri dari aktivitas siswa di industri. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan untuk mengetahui pelaksanaan praktik kerja industri Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif kuantitatif yang bertujuan menggambarkan atau mendeskripsikan tentang pelaksanaan praktik kerja industri. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah angket, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pada persiapan pelaksanan praktik kerja industri SMK Negeri 12 Bandung sebesar 85,65% (kriteria sangat baik), hal tersebut ditunjukkan dengan adanya kegiatan pendidikan dasar sikap profesi yang melibatkan berbagai pihak, dimana melibatkan tentara Husen Sastranegara dalam pembentukan karakter siswa sebelum praktik kerja industri, dan adanya bekal keterampilan kejuruan siswa yang diberikan sekolah. Pelaksanaan praktik kerja industri dari SMK Negeri 12 Bandung sebesar sebesar 77,04% (kriteria baik), didapatkan adanya kegiatan monitoring dari guru pembimbing yang baik tetapi belum optimal. Aktivitas siswa dalam praktik kerja industri sebesar 83,28% (kriteria sangat baik), dengan siswa dapat mengaplikasikan kompetensi keahliannya. Jadi dapat disimpulkan bahwa pelaksanaan praktik kerja industri pada SMK Negeri 12 Bandung dapat dikategorikan sangat baik, seperti yang terindikasi dalam persentase sebesar 81,99%.
PENERAPAN METODE PEMBELAJARAN PEER TEACHING UNTUK MENINGKATKAN PRESTASI BELAJAR SISWA SMK PADA KOMPETENSI DASAR MENGGUNAKAN ALAT UKUR
Authors: Lesmana Galih T. , Wiharna Ono , Sulaeman Sulaeman
Published: June 2019

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui seberapa besar peningkatan prestasi belajar siswa setelah menggunakan metode pembelajaran peer teaching dan metode pembelajaran klasikal pada kompetensi dasar menggunakan alat ukur. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode quasi experiment dengan desain non-equivalent control group design. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas X SMKN 1 Lemahsugih teknik kendaraan ringan yang b­erjumlah 3 kelas dengan jumlah siswa sebanyak 92 orang. Sampel penelitian diambil dua kelas yaitu kelas eksperimen yang menggunakan metode pembelajaran peer teaching dan kelas kontrol menggunakan metode pembelajaran klasikal. Penarikan sampling dalam penelitian ini menggunakan simple random sampling dimana sampel diambil secara acak tanpa memperhatikan strata di dalam populasi itu. Instrumen yang digunakan pada penelitian ini berupa soal pre test dan soal pre test. Hasil penelitian diperoleh rata-rata prestasi belajar siswa pada skor post test setelah menggunakan metode pembelajaran peer teaching sebesar 24,85 dan rata-rata prestasi belajar siswa pada skor post test setelah menggunakan metode pembelajaran klasikal sebesar 21,85. Peningkatan prestasi belajar siswa (N-Gain) kelompok eksperimen yang menggunakan metode pembelajaran peer teaching sebesar 0,61 yang termasuk pada kategori sedang, sedangkan peningkatan prestasi belajar siswa (N-Gain) kelompok kontrol yang menggunakan metode pembelajaran klasikal sebesar 0,39 yang termasuk pada kategori sedang.
Pengembangan Multimedia Interaktif untuk Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Siswa pada Kompetensi Dasar Stability Flight and Dynamics Siswa SMK
Authors: Octaviani Ana N , Permana Enda , Yayat Yayat
Published: June 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menghasilkan multimedia interaktif yang sesuai dan berkriteria baik yang diharapkan dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa pada kompetensi dasar Stability Flight and Dynamics. Penelitian ini dilakukan mengingat hasil belajar siswa yang kurang baik, materi pembelajaran yang bersifat abstrak, kurangnya bimbingan dari guru saat proses pembelajaran, dan belum memadainya referensi belajar yang dimiliki siswa. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode penelitian dan pengembangan (research and development). Subjek penelitian pada uji coba terbatas adalah satu kelas yaitu kelas X TPU (Teknologi Pesawat Udara) 7 di SMK Negeri 12 Bandung. Temuan dari penelitian ini adalah: 1) Multimedia yang dihasilkan dikembangkan berdasarkan hasil analisis pengguna, analisis materi, analisis perangkat lunak, dan analisis perangkat keras yang akan digunakan. Hasil analisis kemudian dikemas menjadi desain multimedia berupa flowchart, storyboard, dan soal evaluasi. Desain dikembangkan menjadi antarmuka yang terdiri dari tujuh laman utama dan coding untuk memberikan perintah pada tiap laman. Multimedia yang telah dikembangkan divalidasi oleh ahli media dan ahli materi, jika dinyatakan layak maka dilakukan uji lapangan untuk mengetahui respon dan peningkatan hasil belajar pengguna setelah menggunakan multimedia. Data hasil validasi dan uji lapangan diolah sehingga dapat disimpulkan multimedia layak digunakan. 2) terdapat peningkatan hasil belajar siswa setelah menggunakan multimedia pembelajaran interaktif pada kompetensi dasar stability flight and dynamics.
Eksplorasi Minat Bekerja, Berwirausaha, dan Melanjutkan Studi Mahasiswa Program Studi Teknik Mesin UPI
Authors: Permana Ramdan A. , Permana Tatang , Sasmita Asep H.
Published: June 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi gambaran minat bekerja, berwirausaha, dan melanjutkan studi pada mahasiswa Program Studi D3 Teknik Mesin DPTM FPTK UPI. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian awal ditemukan bahwa mahasiswa cenderung berminat untuk melanjutkan studi. Hal tersebut kurang sejalan dengan tujuan dari pendidikan vokasi. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode deskriptif dengan pendekatan kuantitatif. Penelitian ini dilakukan terhadap 100 responden pada mahasiswa Program Studi Teknik Mesin D3 DPTM FPTK UPI yaitu angkatan 2014, angkatan 2015, dan angkatan 2016. Teknik pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan angket tertutup dengan menggunakan skala Likert. Hasil dari penelitian ini yaitu mahasiswa yang berminat untuk bekerja kurang dari setengahnya, dengan distribusi memilih bekerja di industri produksi yaitu kurang dari setengahnya, di industri otomotif yaitu kurang dari setengahnya, di perusahaan pemerintah/BUMN yaitu sebagian kecil, dan menjadi TNI/Polri yaitu sebagian kecil. Mahasiswa yang berminat untuk berwirausaha yaitu kurang dari setengahnya, dengan distribusi memilih berwirausaha di perbengkelan otomotif yaitu kurang dari setengahnya, di perbengkelan  pemesinan seperti las, scraft, bubut, prais,dan CNC yaitu kurang dari setengahnya, di bidang makanan yaitu sebagian kecil, di bidang konveksi yaitu sebagian kecil, dan di bidang pakaian yaitu sebagian kecil. Mahasiswa yang berminat untuk melanjutkan studi yaitu kurang dari setengahnya, dengan distribusi memilih melanjutkan studi ke jenjang pendidikan S1 yaitu lebih dari setengahnya, sedangkan yang memilih untuk melanjutkan studi ke jenjang pendidikan D4 yaitu kurang dari setengahnya.
Analisis Sarana Praktik pada Mata Pelajaran Pemeliharaan Kelistrikan Kendaraan Ringan di SMK
Authors: Saputra Yan , Permana Tatang , Suhayat Dede
Published: June 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui ketersediaan sarana praktik  dan rasio alat dengan jumlah siswa pada mata pelajaran pemeliharaan kelistrikan kendaraan ringan di SMK Pekerjaan Umum Negeri Bandung. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode deskriptif dengan instrumen observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tingkat ketersediaan sarana praktik sebesar 90% dan rasio jumlah alat dengan jumlah siswa sebesar 83%, sehingga ketersediaan sarana praktik dan rasio alat dengan jumlah siswa dikategorikan sangat layak, hal tersebut menunjukkan faktor yang mempengaruhi hasil belajar siswa belum mencapai KKM bukan terletak pada faktor sarana pembelajaran, ada faktor lainya seperti kurikulum, metode mengajar yang diterapkan guru, kesiapan siswa, waktu sekolah dan lingkungan sosial siswa di sekolah.
PENERAPAN METODE TUTOR SEBAYA TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR SISWA PADA KOMPETENSI DASAR MEMASANG SISTEM PENERANGAN DAN WIRING KELISTRIKAN DI SMK
Authors: Sidiq Hanif A , Suhayat Dede , Permana Tatang
Published: June 2019

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh rendahnya aktivitas belajar dan hasil belajar siswa pada materi pembelajaran kelistrikan Kompetensi Dasar memasang sistem penerangan dan wiring kelistrikan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui aktivitas belajar dan hasil belajar siswa melalui penerapan metode Tutor Sebaya. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK) yang terdiri dari dua siklus yang dilakukan pada kelas XI TKR  SMK Budi Raksa Lembang sebanyak 32 siswa. Metode tutor sebaya adalah metode belajar mengajar dengan bantuan seorang peserta didik yang kompeten untuk mengajar peserta didik lainnya. Pengumpulan data yang dilakukan untuk mengukur aktivitas belajar siswa yaitu dengan menggunakan lembar observasi dan pengumpulan data untuk mengukur hasil belajar siswa yaitu dengan menggunakan performance test. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa adanya peningkatan aktivitas belajar siswa pada siklus I dan siklus II berturut-turut dalam kategori tinggi dan kategori sangat tinggi dan peningkatan hasil belajar siswa dengan n-gain dinormalisasi pada siklus I sebesar 0.61 dalam kategori sedang dan pada siklus II sebesar 0.77 pada kategori tinggi. Kesimpulannya bahwa dengan penerapan metode tutor sebaya dapat meningkatkan aktivitas belajar dan hasil belajar siswa pada materi pembelajaran kelistrikan Kompetensi Dasar memasang sistem penerangan dan wiring kelistrikan.
ANALISIS ERGONOMI MENGGUNAKAN METODE QUICK EXPOSURE CHECKLIST PADA PRAKTIKAN BIDANG KEAHLIAN CHASSIS OTOMOTIF
Authors: Ramdhani Ramdhani , Noor Ridwan A. M.
Published: June 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui seberapa besar tingkat risiko ergonomi pada saat praktik chassis otomotif pada kompetensi roda dan ban. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif kuantitatif. Subjek pada penelitian ini diambil menggunakan teknik sampling jenuh yaitu mahasiswa Departemen Pendidikan Teknik Mesin konsentrasi otomotif angkatan 2014. Pengumpulan data dengan dengan cara teknik observasi dan kuesioner. Instrumen pengumpulan data terdiri dari dari lembar observasi dan kuesioner. Metode yang digunakan untuk menganalisis posisi tubuh adalah Quick Exposure Checklist (QEC) . Metode QEC menganalisis pajanan pada  punggung, bahu/lengan, pergelangan lengan/lengan, dan leher. Metode ini tidak hanya menilai pajanan pada tubuh tetapi durasi, beban benda kerja, dan tingkat kesulitan pekerjaan masuk kedalam kriteria penilaian. Kompetensi roda dan ban dipilih karena dinilai memiliki tingkat resiko ergonomi yang tinggi. Pada tubuh persentil 95 didapat 59%, tubuh persentil 50 didapat 59%, tubuh persentil 5 didapat 52,2%, yang berarti harus diselidiki dan segera dirubah untuk mengurangi risiko ergonomi. Peneliti menyarankan alat bantu praktik  untuk mengangkat dan memindahkan beban yang bisa disesuaikan menurut data antropometri.
PENGARUH PENERAPAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN BLENDED LEARNING TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR MENGGAMBAR 2 DIMENSI MENGGUNAKAN COMPUTER AIDED DESIGN
Authors: Priono Agus I. , Purnawan Purnawan , Komaro Mumu
Published: June 2019

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengembangkan bahan ajar yang digunakan, menganalilis data hasil belajar siswa, ketercapaian kriteria ketuntasan minimu dan peningkatan hasil belajar siswa setelah model pembelajaran blended learning dilakukan. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah quasi expeimental research dengan pendekatan kantitatif dan desain one group pretest-posttest. Sampel penelitian siswa program keahlian Konstruksi Rangka Pesawat Udara di SMK Negeri 12 Bandung sebanyak 30 orang dengan teknik pengambilan purposive sample. Pengumpulan data dilakukan menggunakan instrumen tes praktik menggambar 2 dimensi menggunakan CAD sebanyak 3 kali dan instrumen ketercapaian pelaksanaan model pembelajaran blended learnig. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa rata-rata hasil belajar siswa adalah 83,6 dan 87% siswa mencapai KKM, rata-rata peningkatan hasil belajar siswa adalah 0,75 berada pada kategori tinggi. Disimpulkan bahwa pengaruh penerapan model pembelajaran blended learning dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa pada materi menggambar 2 dimensi menggunakan CAD.
On the Cultural-Historical Origins of Goal-Setting Within Voluntary and Volitional Regulation
Authors: Malanov S.V.
Published: June 2019

The paper discusses the patterns of development of voluntary and volitional organisation and regulation of actions and the corresponding features of goal-setting. The following central lines in the development of human forms of goal-setting in anthropogenesis can be traced: 1) the change in the ways of establishing motivational relations; 2) the need to distribute and coordinate goals and corresponding actions in time perspective; 3) the need to create sociocultural means of organizing individual motivation and goal-setting when performing actions that meet public expectations and requirements. It is shown that human forms of goal-setting are determined by the laws of cultural-historical development of higher mental functions and cannot be explained by constructing information processing models or by analysing neurophysiologi cal functions development. These functions are certainly necessary, but they cannot be considered as the sources or the reasons for the development of human goal-setting.
Recognition of Other Person’s Cognitive Errors and Its Impairment in Schizophrenia
Authors: Zotov M.V. , Guseva M.S. , Zotova N.E.
Published: June 2019

The term “cognitive errors” refers to the errors in the perception and analysis of information about the environment. In our study healthy people and patients with schizophrenia were presented with a “silent” video clip in which the main character makes a cognitive error in perceiving some situation. After watching the video clip the subjects explained the character’s behavior and described his or her cognitive error. We analyzed the differences in eye movements in the subjects who recognized and failed to recognize the character’s cognitive error. We identified three factors that support the recognition of other person’s cognitive errors: (1) co-operative orientation of cognitive activity; (2) specific cognitive activity of the observer; (3) the observer’s ability to compare his/her own cognitive activity with that of the observed person. We show that in subjects with schizophrenia the difficulties in recognizing other people’s cognitive errors may be associated with the impairment of each of these factors.
Moral Dilemmas and Personality Traits
Authors: Enikolopov S.N. , Medvedeva T.I. , Vorontsova O.U.
Published: June 2019

The study examines the relationship of moral choice and emotional intelligence, personal characteristics, implicit preferences, the ability to rely on emotional experience. The study involved 74 subjects: 40 healthy subjects and 34 patients of the MHRC. All subjects performed the following tests: "Moral dilemmas", Iowa Gambling Task (IGT), The Mayer-Salovey-Caruso Emotional Intelligence Test (MSCEIT V2.0), Ich-Struktur-Test nach Ammon (ISTA), Implicit Association Test (IAT). It is demonstrated that the number of utilitarian choices in "personality" dilemmas increases with a deterioration in the ability to recognize the emotions of other people as well as with a decrease in ambivalence in assessing one's own state and reducing the ability to control emotions. When making decisions, people who make utilitarian choices rely on the experience of delayed negative consequences, their immediate emotional effect is reduced. Utilitarian personality choices increased with the reduction of capability to attack in a constructive way, to perceive personal fear and the fear of others with pathological narcissism, destructive internal and external restrictions. The preference of practical decisions is related to the implicit preference of "depth".
Features and Psychological Mechanisms of Professional Interaction of Participants of Criminal Process
Authors: Bulgakov A.V. , Ekimova V.I. , Kokurin A.V. , Orlova E.A. , Shashkova I.A.
Published: June 2019

The article presents the results of the study of psychological characteristics of professional interaction of participants in the criminal process: investigators or investigators (depending on the type of crime), forensic specialists, victims accused of various types of criminal offenses (murder, theft, hooliganism, traffic accident).
The empirical base of the research was formed on the material of psychological examination of participants of 90 situations of crime scene or incident examination and further actions on disclosure of 4 types of crimes: murder, theft, hooligan actions, traffic accident. The study surveyed 315 people, including employees of the OVD - 180 people (90 persons investigators, criminologists 90 people) are the victims — 70 persons, suspects — 65 people).
On the basis of the data obtained, a three-factor model of the psychological mechanisms of PV used by investigators in interaction with a group of victims, as well as a three-factor model of the psychological mechanisms of professional interaction of a group of victims in case of theft, was constructed.
The conducted research allowed to reveal experimentally the structure of professional competences of investigators (investigators) and forensic specialists, as well as contradictions of the inquiry stage for each professional group in the process of professional interaction.
Cyberbullying in the Experience of Russian Teenagers
Authors: Khlomov K.D. , Davydov D. , Bochaver A.A.
Published: June 2019

Aggressive behavior in the Internet becomes more common among teenagers in Russia and abroad. Cyberbullying is one of the most new and dangerous risks faced by modern teenagers in terms of consequences. The article analyzes the experience of Russian teenagers ' meetings with episodes of harassment on the Internet as an aggressor, victim or witness: the frequency of such meetings, emotional and behavioral responses to them, age and gender differences, moral assessment. This study provides an opportunity to develop measures to prevent and prevent cyberbullying in the framework of psychological and pedagogical work based on empirical data collected in the Russian-language sample, which is extremely important for the effectiveness of the developed programs. Research and applied prospects of work in the sphere of Internet security of teenagers, in particular, raising their awareness and formation of their responsible user position are discussed.
Przewrót polityczny jako forma sukcesji władzy królewskiej w monarchii zjednoczonej Izraela. Od Saula do Salomona
Authors: Konarski Marcin
Published: June 2019

The aim of this article is to analyse the issues related to a political upheaval as a form of the succession of royal power in the monarchy of united Israel in the period that started during the reign of the first king of the Hebrews – Saul – till the last years David spent on the throne. During the period analysed in this article, there were several unsuccessful attempts to seize power through a political coup. Due to the fact that the inheritance based on the principle of primogeniture was never unambiguously introduced in the Kingdom of Israel, the most serious upheaval, described as a palace revolution, took place at the end of King David’s life. As a result, the younger son of David – Solomon – ascended to Israel’s throne, despite the fact that there were no legitimate grounds for him to take power.
Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation in the Therapy of Cardiogenic Shock Due to Fulminant Myocarditis
Authors: Ryabov V. V. , Maksimov A. I. , Gombozhapova A. E. , Podoksenov Yu. K. , Ponomarenko I. V. , Gomboeva S. B. , Panasyuk S. S. , Demyanov S. V. , Chylbak-ool Ch. M. , Razaeva N. А. , Simakin N. E. , Markov V. A.
Published: June 2019

This article presents a clinical case of a 40-year-old woman with fulminant myocarditis which progressed rapidly to the development of cardiogenic shock resistant to standard intensive care, but with a positive response to extracorporeal membrane oxygenation.
Experience with Prasugrel in the Treatment of Patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome
Authors: Staroverov I. I. , Merkulova Irina Alekseevna , Avetisyan E. A.
Published: June 2019

Background. Dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) with aspirin and one of inhibitors of P2Y12 receptors (clopidogrel, ticagrelor, prasugrel) is an international standard of receptors (clopidogrel, ticagrelor, prasugrel) is an international standard of is an international standard of treatment strategy in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS).

Purpose: to analyze experience of prasugrel use in the National Medical Cardiology Research Center in comparison to similar groups of patients treated with other P2Y12 inhibitors for determination of optimal place of DAPT with prasugrel in ACS patients. 

Materials and methods. We included in this retrospective study 40 patients who received therapy with prasugrel, ticagrelor, or clopidogrel in connection with urgent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) performed in the Department of Urgent Cardiology from May to December 2018. We analyzed specific characteristics of prasugrel treated patients including disease history, features of clinical presentation and coronary anatomy, use of strategies of escalation and de-escalation, as well as inhospital mortality, development of complications and side effects. 

Results. New P2Y12 inhibitors were more effective in patients with higher risk of atherothrombosis compared with risk of bleeding. Median of implanted stents in ticagrelor and clopidogrel groups was equal to 1, in the prasugrel group – 2 stents per PCI. When multivascular stenting was performed the choice usually was made in favor of prasugrel or ticagrelor, excluding cases with presence of limiting factors – use of oral anticoagulants (OAC) (n=4) and prehospital thrombolytic therapy (n=5). Of note was close to statistical significance high number of side effects related to ticagrelor use (n=3, 23.08%, p=0.057). There were no significant differences between groups in rates of unfavorable outcomes and complications. 

Conclusion. Administration of prasugrel can be considered in patients with high risk of atherothrombosis: with diabetes, with large number of implantable stents. The choice between ticagrelor and prasugrel can be made with consideration of the potential for side effects that significantly impair the quality of life of patients. Main limitations for application of both prasugrel and ticagrelor are the need to permanent use of OAC, prehospital thrombolytic therapy, and higher cost compared to clopidogrel.
Systematic Analysis of the Roles of Trace Elements in the Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Heart Failure
Authors: Gromova O. A. , Torshin I. Yu. , Kobalava Zh. D. , Nazarenko A. G.
Published: June 2019

Systematic analysis of 3 728 publications on the relationship between microelement status and chronic heart failure (CHF) was carried out. Three main areas of research have been identified: 1) magnesium, electrolytes and CHF; 2) the transcriptional and antioxidant effects of zinc, selenium, copper; 3) iron-deficiency anemia and CHF. In this paper, we consider a complex of relationships between the magnesium insufficiency and CHF, the effect of magnesium on vascular tone, mitochondria, heart rhythm and the susceptibility of cardiomyocytes to adrenergic stimulation. Using magnesium orotate for the treatment of CHF is a feasible approach to compensate magnesium insufficiency in patients with CHF.
Clinico-hematological study of abnormalities of platelet count in children with iron deficiency anemia
Authors: Ray Sanghamitra , Chandra Jagdish , Sharma Sunita
Published: June 2019

Background: Iron deficiency anemia is a major cause of morbidity in developing countries like India. The aim of the study was to assess abnormalities of platelet count in iron deficiency anemia and to relate the severity of thrombocytosis with severity of anemia and its association with erythropoietin (EPO) level.Methods: A prospective observational study comprising of 200 children below 18 years confirmed to have IDA. Erythropoietin (EPO) level was done in patients who had thrombocytosis. Degree of thrombocytosis was correlated with EPO and also with ferritin, haematological indices like hemoglobin and MCV (mean corpuscular volume) and blood counts were followed up while on iron therapy for one month.Results: Thrombocytosis was noted in 24.5%. In 75.5% thrombocytosis was mild. Platelet had negative correlation with Hb (hemoglobin). EPO was elevated in 67.35% of thrombocytosis. EPO showed negative correlation with Hb and Ferritin and positive correlation with platelet however, these were non-significant. All patients were treated with standard preparation of ferrous fumarate (33mg elemental iron every 5 ml) in a dose of 3mg/kg/day of elemental iron along with appropriate dietary advice.  On one month follow up 92% of the study population showed normalization of platelet count.Conclusions: Nearly One-fourth of children had thrombocytosis. Platelet count was inversely related to Hb and ferritin level. EPO was increased in two-third cases of thrombocytosis and showed positive correlation with platelet count. As authors excluded patients with severe IDA requiring blood transfusion, authors did not get any thrombocytopenia in present study.
Culture sensitivity and antibiotic profile in urinary tract infection in children between 1-15 years
Authors: Ganie Nisar Ahmad , Rashid Mohsin , Mohammad Syed Muneeb , Malik Riyaz Ahmad , Lone Mohd Rafiq
Published: June 2019

Background: The aim was to study the antibiotic resistance in children with urinary tract infection and to observe any difference between antibiotic resistance rates.Methods: It was a prospective study carried out in SKIMS Medical College Hospital, Srinagar over a period of two years from January 2017 to January 2019. The study included 210 children between 1 year and 15 years who had presented with complaints of urinary tract infection and whose urine cultures were positive for the growth of an organism. These children were analyzed in order to find the frequency of organisms grown on culture, sensitivity of organisms isolated on culture and the rates of developed resistance to the antibiotics.Results: A total of 210 patients aged were included in the study, encompassing 66 (31.4) males and 144 (68.6%) females. Out of 144 female children 108 were under 6years of age while as out of 66 male children 48 were under 6years of age. As per the growth on urine culture,  the commonest organism that grew on culture were Escherichia coli (E. coli) was observed in 156 (74.3%), enterococcus in 18 (8.57%), Proteus mirabilis in 11 (5.2%), Acinetobacter spp. in 7 (3.3%), Pseudomonas spp. 5 (2.4%), Staphylococcus aureus in 4 (1.9%), Morganella spp. in 3 (1.4%) patients. Authors found imipenem, aminoglycosides and nitrofurantoin as the most effective antibiotics for urinary tract infections in pediatric age group.Conclusions: From this study, they concluded that parenteral antibiotics to be started empirically for the treatment of UTIs in all pediatric age groups are  aminoglycosides. In contrast for outpatient management of urinary tract infections, our results suggest that nitrofurantoin should be used for children aged beyond 1 year of age due to the low rate of resistance to nitrofurantoin in patients aged over 1 year.
Survival outcomes of trachea esophageal fistula in infant
Authors: Prabkaran S. , Thilagam K. Kasthuri
Published: June 2019

Background: Tracheo-esophageal fistula (TEF) is a rare congenital abnormality often associated with several other anomalies including renal, vertebral column, gastrointestinal or cardiovascular defects. This study was carried out to evaluate the outcome of trachea esophageal fistula among patients who underwent various surgeries for the anastomosis of trachea esophageal fistula.Methods: This study was conducted as a record based cross sectional study among 88 patients who were diagnosed and treated for trachea-esophageal fistula in tertiary care hospital between 2015 and 2018. Data regarding the type of anomaly, presence of associated anomalies, type of surgery and outcomes were documented. Findings of echocardiography and ultrasonography were also documented. Data was analyzed using SPSS software. Chi square test was used to evaluate the outcome of the surgical procedures for management of TEF.Results: Majority of the participants in our study belong to <1 month of age and were males (56.8%). Type 3 tracheo esophageal fistula (80.7%) was the most common type. Associated cardiovascular anomalies were present in 50% of the participants. Thoracotomy with TEF repair was most preferred surgery (76%). Present study demonstrated that surgical techniques improve the physical and physiological outcome of the patients (p <0.05).Conclusions: Trachea esophageal fistula needs to be corrected with surgical procedure. Modern techniques like thorocoscopic anastomosis, thorocosopic techniques to achieve an anastomosis can also be explored. Future studies may be directed in detecting congenital anomalies during the pre-natal period with the help of genetic techniques.
Incidence of rifampicin resistance, HIV status and efficacy of fluid analysis among tuberculosis suspect pediatric cases
Authors: Pandey Deepmala , Yadav Ankur
Published: June 2019

Background: Body fluids are commonly used for diagnosis as sputum is not reliable in children. Hence it is essential to study efficacy of body fluids in comparison to GeneXpert which is a new diagnostic modality. Objectives of this study was to incidence of rifampicin resistance, HIV status and efficacy of fluid analysis among tuberculosis suspect pediatric cases.Methods: Present study was hospital based cross sectional study carried out over a period of two years at Department of Pediatrics, ACPM Medical College and Hospital from February 2016 to January 2018 among children with suspected tuberculosis. Rifampicin resistance was determined by using GeneXpert. Body fluids like CSF, pleural fluid, gastric aspirate etc were analyzed and compared with GeneXpert results.Results: Rifampicin resistance was present in 5 cases i.e. 3.3%. 15.15% Patients were HIV positive and in them 12 were GeneXpert positive with 1 Rif resistance. Different Fluid analysis showed maximum positivity with pleural fluid >TB Lymphadenitis >TBM. GeneXpert done on different body fluids showed extra case detection in different fluid analysis negative patients i.e. 28.6% extra case detection in CSF (2 cases), 87.9% in gastric aspirate (25 cases), 85.4% in induced sputum (35 cases), 14.3% in Lymph node aspirate (1 case), 50% in pleural fluid (2 case).Conclusions: : Rifampicin resistance found in present study is alarming. Among body fluids, FNAC, CSF and pleural fluids can be used reliably for diagnosis of tuberculosis where GeneXpert is not available.
Nursing and Midwifery Research Output in Africa: A Review of the Literature
Authors: Nabirye Rose Chalo , Kinengyere Alison Annet , Edwards Grace
Published: June 2019

BACKGROUND

Nurses and midwives form the backbone of health service delivery and satisfaction with care often depends on the competencies of nurses and midwives who provide the care (World Health Organization [WHO], 2002). Healthcare has become complex, challenging, and demanding across diverse sociocultural and socioeconomic changes and environments. To optimize their impact, nurses and midwives therefore need to be prepared with evidence-based competences. Nursing research therefore, is the cornerstone for evidence-based practice and for establishing the professional status of nursing and building research capacity. However, although nursing research began in the 19th century, it is limited in Africa, with little evidence generated to inform policy and practice. Although nursing and midwifery education in the region has advanced with graduate and postgraduate level education, little is known about nursing and midwifery research conducted in universities and where to find such research.

OBJECTIVES

The literature review aimed at quantifying and identifying the types and gaps in nursing and midwives' research and publications in Africa.

METHODS

Articles published between January 1, 2007 and January 31, 2017 were retrieved from PubMed and Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL) with a search strategy that employed four sets of terms: (a) terms identifying published research done by nurses or midwives, or both; (b) terms identifying types of publications; (c) terms identifying filters for African countries; and (d) filters for publication dates. We also searched Google Scholar to capture nonindexed sources.

RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS

There is evidence of an increasing number of African nurses and midwives publishing research; however, much of this research may not be readily available. The promotion of nursing research and capacity building/mentorship in research for nurses and midwives is recommended to increase nurses' and midwives' skills to critically evaluate research and apply the best evidence to their practice.
Technology-Based Newborn Health Learning Initiatives for Facility-Based Nurses and Midwives in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: A Scoping Review
Authors: Bolan Nancy E. , Newman Susan D. , Nemeth Lynne S.
Published: June 2019

PURPOSE

Given high neonatal mortality in many low- and middle-income countries, addressing missed opportunities by enhancing the quality of newborn care provided by facility-based nurses and midwives is critical. This scoping review synthesizes and critiques the literature on technology-based newborn health learning initiatives. Kirkpatrick's model is used for training program evaluation.

METHODS

A literature review was conducted from multiple databases. Articles selected for analysis consisted of original research studies published in peer-reviewed journals from 2012 to 2017.

RESULTS

Twelve studies fell into two categories: (a) Simulation training in routine neonatal care and newborn resuscitation (n = 9) and (b) eLearning initiatives (n = 3). Most studies evaluated health provider's knowledge and skills before and/or after training (n = 9); fewer evaluated the effect on change in provider practice (n = 3) and/or patient health outcomes (n = 5) (Kirkpatrick levels 3–4). Few studies utilized robust study designs and validated measurement instruments.

CONCLUSION

Learning approaches emphasizing simulation training and eLearning initiatives for facility-based health workers hold promise. However, existing simulation literature demonstrates that translation of knowledge gained during simulation into improved clinical outcomes in real births is variable. Additionally, the volume of peer-reviewed evidence demonstrating the potential benefit of eLearning strategies, especially in the neonatal period, is limited.
Yerel Soğan (Allium cepa L.) Genotiplerinin Haploidiye Yatkınlığının Belirlenmesi
Authors: ŞAHİNALP Sinan , YARALI KARAKAN Faika
Published: June 2019

Bu çalışmada, Türkiye’de yerel olarak yetiştirilen bazı soğan (Allium cepa L.) genotiplerinin çiçek tomurcuğu kültürü yoluyla haploidiye yatkınlıklarının belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Araştırmada kallus oluşumu, kallusların bitkiye dönüşümü ve eksplantlardan doğrudan bitki gelişimi üzerine genotip etkisi önemli bulunmuştur. Çalışmada kalluslardan ve doğrudan bitki gelişimi yoluyla 39 adet bitki elde edilmiştir. Yapılan ploidi analizleri sonucu Şanlıurfa ili Siverek ilçesinden temin edilen 13 numaralı genotipten elde edilen bir adet bitkinin haploid olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Dolayısıyla, diğer genotiplerle karşılaştırıldığında, hem eksplantlarda kallus oluşumu hem de doğrudan bitki meydana getirme kabiliyetinin yüksek olduğu tespit edilen 12, 13 ve 5 numaralı genotiplerin, soğan ıslah programlarında haploid bitki elde etmede daha başarılı sonuçlar verebileceği düşünülmektedir.
Properties of self-compacting concrete containing granite dust particles
Authors: Apeh Joseph Abah
Published: June 2019

In the course of production in the Granite Industry, a lot of quarry dust wastes is generated which is either heaped at sites causing environmental and health hazards or dumped in landfills causing ecological problems. It is imperative to evolve a viable option for disposal so to rid the environment of this menace. This study investigated the use of quarry dust particles (QDP) generated from the granite industry as a cement replacement in self-compacting concrete (SCC). The experimental program was carried out in two phases: the first phase optimized the amount of QDP as replacement of Portland cement (PC) with acceptable flow-ability. The second phase evaluated the fresh and hardened properties of SCC which include tests on slump flow, J-ring and L-box to determine filling, passing abilities of SCC while compression and splitting tensile tests were conducted to determine the compressive and splitting tensile strengths, respectively. Test results show that at 20% replacement of cement with QDP, the SCC-QDP mixes has a slump ranged from 642 to 730 mm compared with 578 mm for SCC mix, a compressive strength of 37 N/mm2 compared with 30 N/mm2 for SCC. This was enhanced by QDP which filled the voids between the coarse grains of cement and water molecules which facilitated the flow ability of the mixes and then at later ages reacted with liberated calcium hydroxide from cement hydration to enhance the strength of the mixes. The results then indicated that QDP can be used to replace PC up to 20% by mass of PC in the production of SCC without adverse effect on both fresh and hardened properties. This results also show that QDP, a suitable material for partial replacement of PC in SCC production, can be used to reduce demand for cement thus reducing carbon dioxide emission and also solve other environmental problems.
Effect of nano silica on cement mortars containing micro silica
Authors: Bekem Kara İlknur , Durmuş Ömer Furkan
Published: June 2019

The use of cement and concrete is becoming increasingly widespread all over the world. However, the high energy consumption required for the production of clinker and the greenhouse gas emissions generated during production negatively affect both the economy and the environment. In the studies conducted for many years, researchers have found that the substitution of various pozzolans with cement provides both technical advantages and environmental benefits. The use of pozzolans in cementitious composites provides advantages such as the improvement of the physical and mechanical properties of the material, the conservation of the environment and the economy in terms of the evaluation of industrial wastes. In recent years, studies on the use of nanoparticles in cementitious composites are positively. In this study, it was aimed to investigate the properties of fresh and hardened cement mortars using micro silica as pozzolan and nano silica as nanoparticle. For this purpose, four different cement pastes and mortars mixtures were prepared by substituting 0%, 1%, 2%, 3% nano SiO2 (silica) cement in mortar mixtures containing 5% micro silica. The effects of the nano silica on the micro silica-containing cement paste on the consistency and setting time were investigated. The mortar mixtures produced were subjected to flexural and compressive strength tests on days 7, 28 and 90th. SEM images of mortar mixtures were taken. As a result, it was found that 2% nano silica admixture of 5% micro silica containing cement admixture affects the flexural and compressive strength positively, whereas 2% nano silica admixture increased the flexural strength by 13% and compressive strength by 7%.