bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
High-temporal-resolution water level and storage change data sets for lakes on the Tibetan Plateau during 2000–2017 using multiple altimetric missions and Landsat-derived lake shoreline positions
Authors: Li Xingdong , Long Di , Huang Qi , Han Pengfei , Zhao Fanyu , Wada Yoshihide
Published: October 2019

Abstract. The Tibetan Plateau (TP), known as Asia's water tower, is
quite sensitive to climate change, which is reflected by changes in hydrologic state
variables such as lake water storage. Given the extremely limited ground
observations on the TP due to the harsh environment and complex terrain, we
exploited multiple altimetric missions and Landsat satellite data to create
high-temporal-resolution lake water level and storage change time series at
weekly to monthly timescales for 52 large lakes (50 lakes larger than 150 km2 and 2 lakes larger than 100 km2) on the TP during 2000–2017. The data sets are available online at https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.898411 (Li et al., 2019). With
Landsat archives and altimetry data, we developed water levels from lake
shoreline positions (i.e., Landsat-derived water levels) that cover the
study period and serve as an ideal reference for merging multisource lake
water levels with systematic biases being removed. To validate the
Landsat-derived water levels, field experiments were carried out in two
typical lakes, and theoretical uncertainty analysis was performed based on
high-resolution optical images (0.8 m) as well. The RMSE of the
Landsat-derived water levels is 0.11 m compared with the in situ
measurements, consistent with the magnitude from theoretical analysis
(0.1–0.2 m). The accuracy of the Landsat-derived water levels that can be
derived in relatively small lakes is comparable with most altimetry data.
The resulting merged Landsat-derived and altimetric lake water levels can
provide accurate information on multiyear and short-term monitoring of lake
water levels and storage changes on the TP, and critical information on lake overflow flood monitoring and prediction as the expansion of some TP lakes
becomes a serious threat to surrounding residents and infrastructure.
Quantifying spatiotemporal variability of ice algal blooms and the impact on surface albedo in southwest Greenland
Authors: Wang Shujie , Tedesco Marco , Alexander Patrick , Xu Min , Fettweis Xavier
Published: October 2019

Abstract. Albedo reduction due to light-absorbing impurities can substantially enhance ice sheet surface melt by increasing surface absorption of solar energy. Ice algae have been suggested to play a critical role in darkening the ablation zone in southwest Greenland. It was very recently found that the Sentinel-3 Ocean and Colour Instrument (OLCI) band ratio R709 nm/R673 nm can characterize the spatial patterns of ice algal blooms. However, Sentinel-3 was launched in 2016 and current data are only available over three melting seasons. Here, we demonstrate the capability of the MEdium Resolution Imaging Spectrometer (MERIS) for mapping ice algae from space and extend the quantification of ice algal blooms over southwest Greenland back to the period 2004–2011. Several band ratio indices (MERIS chlorophyll indices and impurity index) were computed and compared with each other and against field measurements. The results indicate that the MERIS two-band ratio index (2BDA) R709 nm/R665 nm is very effective in capturing the spatial distribution and temporal dynamics of ice algal growth on bare ice in July and August. We analyzed the interannual (2004–2011) and summer (July–August) trends of algal abundance and found significant increasing trends of ice algae close to the Jakobshavn Isbrae Glacier and along the middle dark zone between the altitudes of 1200 m and 1400 m. Using broadband albedo data from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) we quantified the impact of ice algal growth on bare ice albedo, finding a 0.02∼0.04 reduction rate in albedo for each algal population doubling. Our analysis indicates the strong potential for the satellite algal index to be used to reduce bare ice albedo biases in regional climate model simulations.
THE PAYNE EFFECT: PRIMARILY POLYMER-RELATED OR FILLER-RELATED PHENOMENON?
Authors: Warasitthinon Nadhatai , Genix Anne-Caroline , Sztucki Michael , Oberdisse Julian , Robertson Christopher G.
Published: October 2019

The hysteretic softening at small dynamic strains (Payne effect)—related to the rolling resistance and viscoelastic losses of tires—was studied as a function of particle size, filler volume fraction, and temperature for carbon black (CB) reinforced uncrosslinked styrene–butadiene rubber (SBR) and a paste-like material composed of CB-filled paraffin oil. The low-strain limit for dynamic storage modulus was found to be remarkably similar for CB-filled oil and the CB-filled SBR. Small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) measurements on the simple composites and detailed data analysis confirmed that the aggregate structures and nature of filler branching/networking of carbon black were virtually identical within oil compared to the high molecular weight polymer matrix. The combined dynamic rheology and SAXS results provide clear evidence that the deformation-induced breaking (unjamming) of the filler network—characterized by filler–filler contacts that are percolated throughout the material—is the main cause for the Payne effect. However, the polymer matrix does play a secondary role as demonstrated by a reduction in Payne effect magnitude with increasing temperature for the CB-reinforced rubber, which was not observed to a significant extent for the oil–CB system.
Examining the Effect of Empowerment, Teamwork and Training on Employee Satisfaction in the Headquarters of the Tehran Social Security Organization
Authors: Eskandari Halimeh , Mirakbari Attieh S.
Published: October 2019

The status and role of human resources in the progress and development of the organization as the main source of the organization is of great importance and credit. Here, job satisfaction is more and more sought after by senior managers of the organizations. Thus, it is important to develop proper policies and plans for decision makers about the factors effective in increasing job satisfaction of employees. Thus, the purpose of this paper was to investigate the effect of empowerment, teamwork and education on job satisfaction of employees at the headquarters of the Tehran Social Security Organization. The research method was descriptive-correlational and the population was 1200 employees of the headquarters of the Social Security Organization (HSSO). Of these, 305 were selected based on Cochran's formula by simple random sampling. According to the Kemo and Bartlett test done, the research data are of sufficient reliability, so for analyzing the assumptions of the research, factor analysis and structural equation modeling tests were used with the help of SPSS21 and LISREL 8.83 software. The results of the research indicated that empowerment of employees, teamwork, and education had a positive and significant effect on job satisfaction. In addition, staff training and teamwork have a positive and significant effect on employee empowerment.
Working Happiness in the Human Resource of a University Organization Based on Seligman’s PERMA Model
Authors: Mayo Augusto Renato Pérez , Velaz Edgar Bahena , Nieto Nohemí Roque , Sánchez Pablo Guerrero
Published: October 2019

The article reviews the levels of working happiness of Human Resources working in a university organization in Mexico; was done the theoretical route under the gaze of the Welfare Theory proposed by Seligman (2010) and followers like Steen, Park, Peterson Salanova, Martinez and Llorens (2005), Contreras and Esguerra (2006) and others, as an explanatory framework that highlights the importance of identifying levels of happiness in work and in life, in an organization university. The methodology is empirical, descriptive and quantitative. The instrument used for data collection was the PERMA model. This instrument allowed identifying the levels of work happiness and the levels of happiness with life based on the methodological categorical criteria proposed by it were measured the following dimensions: Positive Emotions, Commitment, Positive Relationships, Meaning and Achievements. In the results of labor happiness an average of 31.34% was found, which is interpreted as poor happiness with their work. In the results of happiness in life the average was 33.79%, with which we could affirm that workers are deficient in happiness in their lives, which impacts on their emotional health and obviously on their work performance. An organization with poor organizational health.
Evaluation of Lyophilized Myrtle Pulp Powder Stability During Storage
Authors: Feitosa Regilane Marques , Figueirêdo Rossana Maria Feitosa de , Queiroz Alexandre José de Melo , Silva Renato Costa da , Oliveira Emanuel Neto Alves de , Moreira Inacia Dos Santos
Published: October 2019

Myrtle is a fruit with great industrial potential, due to its nutritional characteristics and presence of phenolic compounds, especially anthocyanins. Nonetheless, the high perishability and short post-harvest life of this fruit limit its diffusion in the internal market and use in the food processing industry. Lyophilization of fruit pulps represents an alternative to increasing preservation time, resulting in a powder with higher stability and longer shelf life. In this context, this study was aimed to evaluate the stability of myrtle pulp powder during storage in laminated packages and under controlled conditions of temperature (between 30 and 40 ºC), and evaluate the kinetics of degradation of anthocyanins and flavonoids. As storage time increased at both temperatures, moisture content and water activity increased; and caused reductions of anthocyanins, flavonoids and lightness. In the evaluation of the kinetics of degradation of anthocyanins and flavonoids, the zero-order was the best model to represent the behavior and with higher stability at a temperature of 20 ºC.
An Enabling Mechanism for Subsidiary Autonomy
Authors: Chen Lu-Jui , Tsou Hung-Tai , Chen Chun-Chung
Published: October 2019

Most studies discuss the mechanisms through which multinational enterprises (MNEs) empower their autonomy to their subsidiaries. However, how giving autonomy can promote one’s absorptive capability is less investigated. In addition, the linked relationship is important for subsidiaries, but it also has a spillover effect. Based on this idea, this study analyzes the market conditions and springboard intentions as the reasons for subsidiary autonomy. We use data from subsidiaries that are located in Taiwan to test our contention. Our findings indicated that market conditions have positive impacts on empowering autonomy, and autonomy would allow subsidiaries to improve their knowledge absorption capacities. This study also verified the mediating effect of autonomy and the moderating effect of vertical integration quality. In general, our findings contribute to international enterprise and subsidiary management theory and have practical referential value for spillover effects and investment strategies.
Multicultural Education of Students as an Important Part of Education
Authors: Ishmuradova Izida I. , Ishmuradova Alfiya M.
Published: October 2019

This article is about the improvement of the cross-cultural interaction of students. It is dealt with some country studies projects. It is shown that country studies projects have a positive effect on the process of teaching students. The content of this article can be used to improve the process of teaching a foreign language. results showed that Multicultural competencies of the students are the component of the professional competencies.  Country studies projects, namely: creative works and country studies educational festivals are the effective basis for the formation of multicultural competencies of students.
Socio-Cultural Competence in Teaching Foreign Languages
Authors: Guryanov Igor Olegovich , Rakhimova Alina Eduardovna , Guzman Marisol C.
Published: October 2019

This article addresses the problem of integrating socio-cultural components into teaching and upbringing through foreign languages. The aim of teaching a foreign language means not only acquiring communication skill but also forming cultural and linguistic personality. The main aim of any communication is to be understood by interlocutor. The effectiveness of this process is directly dependent on the reached level of mutual understanding between communicants. To achieve this aim partners should have the willingness and capacity to form dialogue of cultures which presupposes the existence of a socio-cultural competence. Sociocultural competence includes knowledge about values, beliefs, behavior patterns, customs, traditions, language and cultural achievements peculiar to society. This competence occurs in the framework of socio-cultural education and training, i.e. in the process of personalizing the culture and national traditions of the studied language country.
The Legal and Economic Aspects of Teaching High Technology Trends
Authors: V. Astakhova Ekateryna. , Yu. Mamychev Alexey , S. Shestopal Sergey , A. Kritskaya Anna , S. Aroyan Ashkhen
Published: October 2019

The main purpose of the article is to analyze The Legal and Economic Aspects of Teaching High Technology Trends. This is a descriptive-analytical study and the library method was used for data collection. Official statistics have also been used, reported by reputable sources and organizations of higher education. In the last stage it has approved that having academic education would facilitate the development in the industry as well as having promotion in academic background.
Learning the Russian Language in the Game: Traditional and New Approaches
Authors: Kapralova Julia Vladimirovna , Moskaleva Lada Alekseevna , Byiyk Iana Arthurovna
Published: October 2019

The article deals with the traditional game approaches that have well recommended themselves at the lessons of the Russian language, and their potential and ways of modifying into a single game space of the lesson is being discussed. Basing on personal experience, the authors of the article present the possibilities of organizing a Russian language lesson in the form of a quest. Many experts rightly paid attention to the effectiveness of using games in the learning process. Despite the attractiveness for teachers and students, until recently, game approaches as a form of education have remained on the periphery of the educational process, being just a supplement to the main methods. Only role-playing games can be called an exception, with their being included both in the educational process of school and university education, and in professional-oriented training of specialists. However, under the influence of processes in modern culture and the active development of gaming technology, the "gamification" of education acquires the character of a mass phenomenon both at school and in higher educational institutions, and ignoring these processes is not only impossible but impractical. In this regard, the article provides a scientific and methodological understanding of this form of education and identifies the structural peculiarities of the quest unlike the other game forms. The article is addressed to teachers of Russian as a foreign language and can be used as a kind of model for conducting quests in classes both in various courses on grammar, reading, writing, listening, linguistic and cultural studies, and in students' independent educational activities.
A Teachers Perception on Localization of Curriculum with Emphasis on Social Studies Lesson
Authors: Laeen Shiva Jalayeri , Ayati Mohsen , Sani Hossein Jafari , Booreng Mohammad Akbari
Published: October 2019

The aim of this study understands teacher perceptions of the localization of curriculum of primary school. on the social Study Lessons. The methodological approach of this study is to investigate phenomenology as a qualitative method. The potential contributors were the native teachers of the Kalat city (Laeenno) in the 1397 which 19 participant were selected..  Data were collected using face-to-face interviews and were analyzed by Glaserian seven phases. Reliability was achieved through three criteria: being acceptable, being trustful and verifiability. The findings show that the current performance of students end up in lack of incentive, leaving school, shallow learning, the inefficiency of current performance of teachers,  interruptions in communication, One-way interaction, and the challenges of localization is denial of the cultural diversity of politicians, non-native content (centralized knowledge), Lack of in-service courses, the time challenge, recruiting non-native teachers, the lack of comprehensive studies of sub-cultivated areas, immigration, executive challenge, School space and lack of a template from native syllables, and the consequences of localization for teachers is contentment of teaching, Creating and improving communication and promoting native culture, and the consequences of localizing for students is: protecting from native culture, Creating a motivation to learn and absorb and stay in the classroom and school. Finally, teachers' strategies about localization of Klein’s nine elements in the curriculum of social studies were identified.
The Relationship Between Foreign Language Classroom Anxiety and Background Variables in a Multilingual Context
Authors: Bensalem Elias
Published: October 2019

This paper sets out to investigate the potential correlation between foreign language classroom anxiety (FLCA) and four background variables (gender, self-efficacy, self-perceived proficiency, and experience abroad) among multilingual EFL college-level students in Saudi Arabia. A group of 191 participants (80 females, 111 males) took part in the study by answering an adapted version of the Foreign Language Classroom Anxiety Scale (FLCAS; Horwitz, Horwitz, & Cope, 1986) as well as the Foreign Language Self-Efficacy Scale (Torres & Turner, 2016). The statistical analyses revealed that participants experienced low to moderate rates of FLCA with females exhibiting higher levels of FLCAS than males. Statistical analyses showed that gender, self- efficacy and English self-perceived proficiency were significant predictors of FLCA in a multilingual context. In addition, experience abroad was not correlated with FLCA.
Incorporating Authentic Materials and Digital Taxonomy in Teaching English: Pragmatic Innovation Through Integrative CALL
Authors: Shlowiy Ahmed Al , Lidawan Marvin Wacnag
Published: October 2019

This article centers on the development of multimedia and technology that proliferates around 21st century English language learners creating a media—rich environment, but accessibility of these may not be similar on how other learners may benefit. This imparts how learners benefit indiscriminately through integrative Computer Assisted Language Learning (CALL) with pragmatic tasks from authentic materials incorporating digital taxonomy. As adapted methods, a rigid review of related studies and practical examples to underpin three conceptualized techniques. These were subjected for exemplification in the discussion: (a) producing varied independent outputs through different materials, (b) creating a single independent output through intertwined task from a single material, and (c) producing varied independent outputs from varied tasks through a single material. It is recommended that researches alluding to this paper must be conducted quantitatively to find out the correlation or significance of students’ critical thinking achievement with the engagement of digital taxonomy such as what Cotton (1991) emphasized that Computer Assisted Instruction aids the development of students’ critical thinking in which learners’ Higher Order Thinking skills (HOTs) activities are generated from varied computer manipulation. She further supported her study and claims through experimental researches conducted by Bass and Perkins (1984); Riding and Powell (1987); Pogrow (1988) and Baum (1990) that tend to be dominant manifestations prior to the formal discovery of digital taxonomy, its importance has been pioneered by several scholars.
Regulacja struktur hybrydowych od 2020 r. w świetle
projektowanej nowelizacji przepisów z dnia
22 sierpnia 2019 r.
Authors: Flis Maciej
Published: October 2019

W artykule zdefiniowano oraz zaprezentowano problem jakim jest występowanie struktur hybrydowych
z punktu widzenia szczelności systemu podatków dochodowych w Polsce. Omówiony został projekt planowanej
regulacji ustawowej struktur hybrydowych oraz dokonana została ocena zaproponowanego rozwiązania.
Experimental modeling of the acute toxicity and cytogenotoxic fate of composite mixtures of chromate, copper and arsenate oxides associated with CCA preservative using Clarias gariepinus (Burchell 1822)
Authors: Fagbenro Olukunle S. , Alimba Chibuisi G. , Bakare Adekunle A.
Published: October 2019

Concurrent occurrence of chromium (Cr), copper (Cu) and arsenic (As) from chromated copper arsenate (CCA) wood preservative in aquatic ecosystems demands that their joint-actions in eliciting toxic effects be assessed for adequate understanding of the health risk they may pose to biota. Clarias gariepinus was exposed to As2O3 , CrO3 and CuO and their composite mixtures (1:1 and 1:1:1) at various concentrations (0 – 600 mg/L) for 96-h to determine the acute toxicity using OECD (1992) protocol. C. gariepinus was then exposed to sub-lethal concentrations corresponding to 6.25, 12.5, 25.0, 50.0 and 100% of the 96-h LC50 for 7 days to assess the cytogenotoxic effects using piscine micronucleus (MN) test. The 96-h LC50 showed that the metals/metalloid demonstrated differential interactions in a concentration dependent pattern. The 96-h LC50 showed that Cr was the most toxic while Cu and As:Cu were indeterminate (Cr > Cr:Cu > As:Cr > As > As:Cr:Cu > Cu = As:Cu indeterminate). Isobologram and synergistic ratio (SR) models predicted antagonistic interaction between Cu:Cr and As:Cr and synergism between As:Cu in the causation of morbidity and mortality of C. gariepinus. Interaction factor model predicted antagonism as common interactive mechanism among the metal/metalloid mixtures in the induction of MN and abnormal nuclear erythrocytes in C. gariepinus. Predicted interactions among the three metals/ metalloid were largely antagonism and synergism towards the induction of acute toxicity and cytogenotoxicity. The models employed herein may be useful in establishing environmental safe limits for mixtures of metals/metalloids against the induction of acute toxicity and DNA damage in lower aquatic vertebrates.
Avaliação de Abordagens Probabilísticas de Extração de Tópicos em Documentos Curtos
Authors: Costa Michel , Duarte Denio
Published: October 2019

Devido ao amplo uso das redes sociais, textos pequenos se popularizaram na Web. Extrair tópicos de uma grande quantidade de textos curtos tornou-se uma tarefa crı́tica e desafiadora em tarefas de análise de conteúdo. Neste contexto, várias abordagens foram propostas para inferir tópicos a partir de conjuntos de coleções de textos curtos. Este trabalho tem como objetivo avaliar o uso de algumas destas abordagens probabilı́sticas na extração de tópicos em documentos curtos utilizando métricas para este fim. Os experimentos realizados em três coleções mostram que as abordagens estudadas tem resultados similares nos cenários propostos.
Extração de característica para identificação de discurso de ódio em documentos
Authors: Lima Cleiton , Dal Bianco Guilherme
Published: October 2019

As mı́dias sociais estão cada vez mais presentes na vida das pessoas, incluindo ferramentas que permitam que o usuário colabore com a criação do conteúdo nelas exposto. Muitos usuários se aproveitam dessa funcionalidade para disseminar conteúdo ilı́cito ou criminoso. Caso não seja removido, este conteúdo será visto por cada vez mais pessoas e poderá ser propagado pela internet, atingindo um número maior de vı́timas e incentivando a ocorrência de outros crimes. Este artigo propõe explorar e extrair caracterı́sticas de textos utilizando técnicas de processamento de linguagem natural e aprendizado de máquina para detectar automaticamente discursos de ódio. Os experimentos demonstraram que o método foi capaz de melhorar a qualidade em até 3,5% em relação ao método base.
Detecção e Análise de Metáforas usadas em Fake News – resultados iniciais
Authors: Pinto Guilherme , da Silva Leonardo , Cunha Luiz Filipe , Gomes-Jr Luiz
Published: October 2019

Este artigo apresenta resultados preliminares em detecção automática de metáforas e análise do seu uso em textos do domínio jornalístico. Para a anotação das metáforas nas notícias, empregamos um modelo de rede neural recorrente bidirecional LSTM. O objetivo principal é a analisar a existência de diferenças nas características de notícias falsas em relação à notícias confiáveis no uso de linguagem metafórica. Neste artigo apresentamos resultados iniciais da anotação e análise com foco nos títulos das notícias de um corpus de artigos em inglês.
Desenvolvimento de um sistema para a classificação de Fakenews com Textos de Notícias em língua Portuguesa
Authors: Monteiro Roger , Nogueira Rodrigo , Moser Greisse
Published: October 2019

Com o rápido avanço da tecnologia e o fácil acesso e disseminação de informações, o termo fakenews vem ganhando preocupante atenção e pesquisas em diversas áreas vêm sendo desenvolvidas. Sendo assim, o objetivo deste trabalho é usar métodos de aprendizado de máquina para descobrir, classificar e armazenar textos de notícias falsas, para posterior aplicação a etapa ETL de um Data Warehouse e um ambiente de consulta que contribuirá com pesquisas futuras. Para isso foi criado um dataset e os métodos Regressão Logística, Naive Bayes e SVM foram avaliados. Finalizando o trabalho com a seleção do melhor método que foi inserido em um sistema de avaliação online de notícias falsas.
Zwischen Wollen und Müssen. Motivation und Engagement für die Kommunikation in lebenswissenschaftlichen Forschungsverbünden
Authors: Link Elena , Haverich Axel , Klimmt Christoph , Schilling Tobias
Published: October 2019

Inner- und außerwissenschaftliche Entwicklungen der Medialisierung haben den Erwartungsdruck an Grundlagenforschung, sich gegenüber der Öffentlichkeit transparent zu machen und Wissenschaftskommunikation auch in Form von Public Relations zu betreiben, erheblich ansteigen lassen. Die vorliegende Studie leistet einen Beitrag zur Erforschung des sich wandelnden Verhältnisses zwischen Wissenschaft und Öffentlichkeit, indem sie die realisierten und gewünschten Aktivitäten der Wissenschaftskommunikation bei Mitwirkenden in lebenswissenschaftlichen Verbundforschungsprojekten sowie deren Handlungsantriebe exploriert. Solche Verbünde stehen vor dem Dilemma, dass sie zwar einerseits von der Öffentlichkeit durch Steuermittel finanziert werden, andererseits aufgrund der wissenschaftlichen Komplexität und Anwendungsferne insbesondere der Grundlagenforschung den außerwissenschaftlichen Publika relativ wenig greifbares Wissen anzubieten haben. Eine Befragung unter Beteiligten von 47 lebenswissenschaftlichen Sonderforschungsbereichen (mit insgesamt 422 Befragten) zeigt, dass die Agilität und der erkannte Nutzen in Bezug zu aktiver Wissenschafts-PR allenfalls mäßig ausgeprägt sind. Die Befunde werden unter konzeptionellen Gesichtspunkten der Wissenschaftskommunikation sowie mit Blick auf strategische Praxisimplikationen diskutiert.
Fachmedien als Policy-Broker. Empirische Befunde zur Vermittlungsleistung in Politikfeldern
Authors: Donges Patrick , Gerner Alexandra
Published: October 2019

Der Beitrag thematisiert die Unschärfe des Begriffs der Vermittlung innerhalb der Kommunikationswissenschaft und wendet für das Forschungsfeld politische Kommunikation die Figur des Policy-Brokers zur präziseren Bestimmung von Vermittlungsleistungen an. Empirisch wird gefragt, welche Formen von Vermittlung (oder „Brokerage“) sich in Fachmedien ausgewählter Politikfelder finden. Mögliche Vermittlungsleistungen solcher Fachmedien werden über die Unterscheidung von Bonding und Bridging spezifiziert. Fachmedien fungieren als Policy-Broker, indem sie zwischen Akteuren und Interessen innerhalb einzelner Koalitionen in Policy-Netzwerken, zwischen Koalitionen verschiedener Policy-Netzwerke sowie zwischen Politikfeldern und relevanten Teilumwelten vermitteln. Damit lassen sich drei Ebenen von Fachöffentlichkeiten unterscheiden. Durch leitfadengestützte Experteninterviews (n = 33) und einer quantitativen Inhaltsanalyse von acht Fachmedien der Agrar-, Gesundheits- und Netzpolitik (n = 1.451 Artikel) wurde die konkrete Ausgestaltung der Brokerage-Leistungen von Fachmedien empirisch geprüft. Die Befunde der Studie zeigen, dass Fachmedien in der Agrar- und Gesundheitspolitik überwiegend Bonding- und in der Netzpolitik überwiegend Bridging-Leistungen übernehmen. Allerdings unterscheiden sich die Fachmedien innerhalb der Politikfelder stark voneinander. Die Funktionen und mögliche Dysfunktionen der Vermittlungsleistungen von Fachmedien werden abschließend diskutiert.
Die Ausgestaltung des lebensmittel(straf)rechtlichen Gesundheitsschutzes unter dem Einfluss europarechtlicher Vorgaben
Authors: Honstetter Nina
Published: October 2019

The work deals with the basics of criminal policy, the legislative technique of economic criminal law and constitutional law. Due to the European regulations’ profound impact on food criminal law, the work addresses all issues that characterise modern white collar crime, such as the question of the determination of the legal interest, the possibilities and admissibility of legislative references in the scope of criminal law, as well as fundamental questions about the punitive nature of measures to prevent health-endangering food. The author not only deals with an area of Europeanised criminal law that is particularly relevant in terms of criminal policy and society, but also focuses on another important topic, as the health protection in food criminal law is harmonised by the provisions of the Basic Regulation (Regulation [EC] 178/2002), as is the case in only few areas being interlinked with criminal law. Therefore, the work makes an essential contribution to defining the position of food criminal law within German "Europeanised" criminal law.
Strafrecht - Allgemeiner Teil
Authors: Kaspar Johannes
Published: October 2019

Für die Neuauflage wurden viele aktuelle Gerichtsurteile eingearbeitet, darunter bspw. die Entscheidung des BGH zum Berliner „Raser-Fall“, die Rechtsprechung zur Nothilfe bei Tierquälerei sowie die Entscheidung des Großen Senats zur Wahlfeststellung. Dazu kommen zahlreiche neuere (überwiegend didaktische) Aufsätze, die in die Fußnoten und Literaturhinweise aufgenommen wurden.
Einzelne Themenbereiche wurden ganz neu in die Darstellung aufgenommen, darunter das Strafanwendungsrecht, Sonderfälle der Beteiligung gem. § 30 StGB, die vermeintliche Mittäterschaft, das unmittelbare Ansetzen bei Qualifikationen und Regelbeispielen, der antizipierte Rücktritt sowie die Frage der Garantenstellung von Amtsträgern.
Ganz neu und für die Arbeit mit dem Buch hilfreich ist schließlich der Umstand, dass in den Fußnoten Querverweise auf die vertiefte Darstellung der wichtigsten Leitentscheidungen des BGH im „Casebook Strafrecht Allgemeiner Teil“ von Kaspar/Reinbacher eingefügt wurden. Dieses ganz neu konzipierte Werk wird parallel zur dritten Auflage des Lehrbuchs ebenfalls im Herbst 2019 erscheinen.
Die Einbringung eines Einzelwirtschaftsgutes in eine Mitunternehmerschaft
aus einkommensteuerrechtlicher Sicht
Authors: Reis Matthias
Published: October 2019

The taxation of partnerships is controlled by principles of taxation, which are sometimes logically contradictory. Thus, a partnership itself is not a tax entity, but it is partially taxable. These principles of taxation may result in conflicts, in particular in terms of the transfer of single assets to a partnership. However, the German Income Tax Act (EStG) only regulates the taxation of a partnership insufficiently. This work first of all lays the foundations for the transfer of a single asset and then examines whether that transfer constitutes a paid transaction. It subsequently examines whether the transfer leads to the realisation of hidden reserves. Finally, the author addresses individual questions relating to the scope of sections 6 (3), 5 and 16 of the EStG.
Das Beschäftigungsverhältnis des Cheftrainers im professionellen deutschen Fußball
Authors: Koch Maximilian
Published: October 2019

The position of managers in professional German football is constantly changing due to increasing commercialisation. This has not yet led to increased attention by jurisprudence though. This study aims to answer a variety of open questions with regard to the employment conditions of such managers. It shows that corresponding employment contracts are not only concluded on a fixed-term basis in practice but also usually meet the conditions set out in section 14, para. 1, sentence 2 no. 4 of the German Part-Time and Limited Term Employment Act (Teilzeit- und Befristungsgesetz) due to the distinctive type of work performed by the manager.
Befangenheit von Mitgliedern der Ethik-Kommission im Rahmen klinischer Arzneimittelstudien
Authors: Weishaupt Dennis
Published: October 2019

Due to unknown health risks, clinical drug trials on humans are subject to particularly rigid medical end ethical-legal standards. Their observance is monitored by the ethics commission in consultation with a higher federal authority. In light of the economic interest of pharmaceutical companies in the approval of the study, and of the limited number of experts, especially in specialist medical areas, conflicts of interest may occur in this context.
Against this background, the author deals with the requirements of the exclusion of commissioners, as well as with the consequences of unauthorised involvement. Due to the regulation (EU) No. 536/2014 and the following 4th amendment, the legal situation with respect to conflicts of interest, as well as the licensing procedure, was altered. The author discusses, in particular, the new allocation of responsibilities between the ethics commissions and the higher federal authority.
Wenn die Innovation zur Ideologie wird
Authors: Stock Jessica
Published: October 2019

In our innovative society, forms of innovation created by civilian actors are gaining in importance. By conducting a detailed analysis of the innovation practices of a civil innovation community in the field of electromobility, this study traces how innovation can become an ideology that guides innovative action. Electromobilists represent an exclusive community in the German-speaking world that has existed for about 30 years. Their innovation activities focus on the diffusion of the electric vehicle and on a new social mobility culture. At the same time, they ideologise electromobility itself and use this ideology to coordinate their innovation practice. By coupling climate change and new mobility technologies, they show the potential to trigger innovation practice among (parts of) civil society and thus also to increase people’s willingness to accept the introduction of new mobility technologies and practices.
Priporočila za spremljanje plodovih gibov v nosečnosti z navodili za nosečnice
Authors: Janša Vid , Bržan Šimenc Gabrijela , Premru Sršen Tanja
Published: October 2019

Zmanjšana plodova aktivnost ali sprememba vzorca plodovega gibanja je lahko povezana s slabim perinatalnim izidom. Ugotaljali so, da je neustrezen odziv zdravnika - ginekologa in porodničarja ob srečanju z nosečnico, ki poroča o zmanjšanem gibanju ploda, dejavnik, ki prispeva k mrtvorojenosti. Vse nosečnice bi morale dobiti informacije o normalnem gibanju ploda. Priporočamo enotno podajanje informacij o spremljanju plodovih gibov, enotno metodo spremljanja gibov ploda (modificirano metodo »štej do deset«) in uporabo enotne tabele za beleženje plodovih gibov namenjene nosečnicam. Če je nosečnica v dveh urah naštela manj kot 10 gibov naj ne čaka, takoj naj se dogovori za pregled. Z izbranim ginekologom naj se dogovori za pregled tudi v primeru spremembe vzorca gibanja ploda in nenadnega pomembnega podaljšanja časa do naštetih 10 gibov, ki, tako podaljšan, vztraja več dni. Z anamnezo in kliničnim pregledom moramo odkriti nosečnice z večjim tveganjem za zaplete. Ob vsakem pregledu je potrebno izmeriti krvni tlak in izključiti proteinurijo, v nadaljevanju pregleda je potrebno ugotoviti ali je rast ploda primerna gestacijski starosti. Po 28. tednu nosečnosti je potrebno s pomočjo CTG ugotavljati ogroženost ploda. V primeru dejavnikov tveganja za smrt ploda v maternici ali zastoj rasti ploda, v primeru suspektnega CTG zapisa ter v primeru normalnega CTG zapisa ob vztrajanju slabšega gibanja ploda je potrebna UZ preiskava.
Transjugular approach for zero-fluoroscopy catheter ablation of the right anterolateral accessory pathway
Authors: Prolič Kalinšek Tine , Žižek David , Jan Matevž
Published: October 2019

We present a case of successful zero-fluoroscopy catheter ablation (CA) of the right anterolateral accessory (AP) pathway via a transjugular approach in an 18-year-old patient with a congenital agenesis of inferior vena cava (IVC). Three-dimensional (3D) electroanatomic mapping (EAM) system and intracardiac echocardiography (ICE) were used to navigate the catheters in the heart.
A chemical probe of CARM1 alters epigenetic plasticity against breast cancer cell invasion
Authors: Cai Xiao-Chuan , Zhang Tuo , Kim Eui-jun , Jiang Ming , Wang Ke , Wang Junyi , Chen Shi , Zhang Nawei , Wu Hong , Li Fengling , dela Seña Carlo C , Zeng Hong , Vivcharuk Victor , Niu Xiang , Zheng Weihong , Lee Jonghan P , Chen Yuling , Barsyte Dalia , Szewczyk Magda , Hajian Taraneh , Ibáñez Glorymar , Dong Aiping , Dombrovski Ludmila , Zhang Zhenyu , Deng Haiteng , Min Jinrong , Arrowsmith Cheryl H , Mazutis Linas , Shi Lei , Vedadi Masoud , Brown Peter J , Xiang Jenny , Qin Li-Xuan , Xu Wei , Luo Minkui
Published: October 2019

CARM1 is a cancer-relevant protein arginine methyltransferase that regulates many aspects of transcription. Its pharmacological inhibition is a promising anti-cancer strategy. Here SKI-73 (6a in this work) is presented as a CARM1 chemical probe with pro-drug properties. SKI-73 (6a) can rapidly penetrate cell membranes and then be processed into active inhibitors, which are retained intracellularly with 10-fold enrichment for several days. These compounds were characterized for their potency, selectivity, modes of action, and on-target engagement. SKI-73 (6a) recapitulates the effect of CARM1 knockout against breast cancer cell invasion. Single-cell RNA-seq analysis revealed that the SKI-73(6a)-associated reduction of invasiveness acts by altering epigenetic plasticity and suppressing the invasion-prone subpopulation. Interestingly, SKI-73 (6a) and CARM1 knockout alter the epigenetic plasticity with remarkable difference, suggesting distinct modes of action for small-molecule and genetic perturbations. We therefore discovered a CARM1-addiction mechanism of cancer metastasis and developed a chemical probe to target this process.
Endothelin signalling mediates experience-dependent myelination in the CNS
Authors: Swire Matthew , Kotelevtsev Yuri , Webb David J , Lyons David A , ffrench-Constant Charles
Published: October 2019

Experience and changes in neuronal activity can alter CNS myelination, but the signalling pathways responsible remain poorly understood. Here we define a pathway in which endothelin, signalling through the G protein-coupled receptor endothelin receptor B and PKC epsilon, regulates the number of myelin sheaths formed by individual oligodendrocytes in mouse and zebrafish. We show that this phenotype is also observed in the prefrontal cortex of mice following social isolation, and is associated with reduced expression of vascular endothelin. Additionally, we show that increasing endothelin signalling rescues this myelination defect caused by social isolation. Together, these results indicate that the vasculature responds to changes in neuronal activity associated with experience by regulating endothelin levels, which in turn affect the myelinating capacity of oligodendrocytes. This pathway may be employed to couple the metabolic support function of myelin to activity-dependent demand and also represents a novel mechanism for adaptive myelination.
Alternative Medicine and Oncology: Erroneous Biochemical Failure Following Herbal Supplementation in Early-Stage Prostate Cancer
Authors: Abel Stephen , Renz Paul , Hasan Shaakir , White Richard , Dawodu Dideolu , Wegner Rodney E. , Fuhrer Russell
Published: October 2019

Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels are routinely surveilled after oncologic intervention in patients with prostate cancer. Occasionally, PSA levels are elevated because of factors unrelated to disease recurrence, such as herbal supplement use. False-positive PSA elevations may confound the clinical picture and subsequent decision-making processes, potentially leading to unnecessary diagnostic and therapeutic interventions. In this case report, a patient with low-risk prostate cancer who was treated with low-dose-rate interstitial brachytherapy presented several years after treatment with an erroneously elevated PSA level after taking an herbal supplement. This case highlights the importance of a holistic approach to patient care, whereby tactful assessment of the psychosocial and spiritual aspects of health led to the identification of an uncommon but potentially morbid entity.
The effect of external lateral stabilization on the use of foot placement to control mediolateral stability in walking and running
Authors: Mahaki Mohammadreza , Bruijn Sjoerd M. , van Dieën Jaap H.
Published: October 2019

It is still unclear how humans control mediolateral (ML) stability in walking and even more so for running. Here, foot placement strategy as a main mechanism to control ML stability was compared between walking and running. Moreover, to verify the role of foot placement as a means to control ML stability in both modes of locomotion, this study investigated the effect of external lateral stabilization on foot placement control. Ten young adults participated in this study. Kinematic data of the trunk (T6) and feet were recorded during walking and running on a treadmill in normal and stabilized conditions. Correlation between ML trunk CoM state and subsequent ML foot placement, step width, and step width variability were assessed. Paired t-tests (either SPM1d or normal) were used to compare aforementioned parameters between normal walking and running. Two-way repeated measures ANOVAs (either SPM1d or normal) were used to test for effects of walking vs. running and of normal vs. stabilized condition. We found a stronger correlation between ML trunk CoM state and ML foot placement and significantly higher step width variability in walking than in running. The correlation between ML trunk CoM state and ML foot placement, step width, and step width variability were significantly decreased by external lateral stabilization in walking and running, and this reduction was stronger in walking than in running. We conclude that ML foot placement is coordinated to ML trunk CoM state to stabilize both walking and running and this coordination is stronger in walking than in running.
Genetic changes in the EPAS1 gene between Tibetan and Han ethnic groups and adaptation to the plateau hypoxic environment
Authors: Li Cuiying , Li Xiaowei , Xiao Jun , Liu Juan , Fan Xiu , Fan Fengyan , Lei Huifen
Published: October 2019

In the Chinese Han population, prolonged exposure to hypoxic conditions can promote compensatory erythropoiesis which improves hypoxemia. However, Tibetans have developed unique phenotypes, such as downregulation of the hypoxia-inducible factor pathway through EPAS1 gene mutation, thus the mechanism of adaption of the Han population should be further studied. The results indicated that, under plateau hypoxic conditions, the plains population was able to acclimate rapidly to hypoxia through increasing EPAS1 mRNA expression and changing the hemoglobin conformation. Furthermore, the mutant genotype frequencies of the rs13419896, rs1868092 and rs4953354 loci in the EPAS1 gene were significantly higher in the Tibetan population than in the plains population. The EPAS1 gene expression level was lowest in the Han population carrying the A-A homozygous mutant of the rs13419896 locus but that it increased rapidly after these individuals entered the plateau. At this time, the hemoglobin content was lower in the homozygous mutant Han group than in the wild-type and heterozygous mutant populations, and the viscosity of blood was reduced in populations carrying the A-A haplotypes in rs13419896 and rs1868092 Among Tibetans, the group carrying homozygous mutations of the three SNPs also had lower hemoglobin concentrations than the wild-type. The Raman spectroscopy results showed that exposure of the Tibetan and Han population to hypoxic conditions changed the spatial conformation of hemoglobin and its binding ability to oxygen. The Tibetan population has mainly adapted to the plateau through genetic mutations, whereas some individuals adapt through changes in hemoglobin structure and function.
Demographic history and population genetic analysis of Decapterus maruadsi from the northern South China Sea based on mitochondrial control region sequence
Authors: Niu Su-Fang , Wu Ren-Xie , Zhai Yun , Zhang Hao-Ran , Li Zhong-Lu , Liang Zhen-Bang , Chen Yu-Hang
Published: October 2019

Late Pleistocene climate oscillations are believed to have greatly influenced the distribution, population dynamics, and genetic variation of many marine organisms in the western Pacific. However, the impact of the late Pleistocene climate cycles on the demographic history and population genetics of pelagic fish in the northern South China Sea (SCS) remains largely unexplored. In this study, we explored the demographic history, genetic structure, and genetic diversity of Decapterus maruadsi, a typical pelagic fish, over most of its range in the northern SCS. A 828–832 bp fragment of mitochondrial control region were sequenced in 241 individuals from 11 locations. High haplotype diversity (0.905–0.980) and low nucleotide diversity (0.00269–0.00849) was detected, revealing low levels of genetic diversity. Demographic history analysis revealed a pattern of decline and subsequent rapid growth in the effective population size during deglaciation, which showed that D. maruadsi experienced recent demographic expansion after a period of low effective population size. Genetic diversity, genetic structure, and phylogenetic relationship analysis all demonstrated that no significant genetic differentiation existed among the populations, indicating that D. maruadsi was panmictic throughout the northern SCS. Periodic sea-level changes, fluctuation of the East Asian Monsoon, and Kuroshio variability were responsible for the population decline and expansion of D. maruadsi. The demographic history was the primary reason for the low levels of genetic diversity and the lack of significant genetic structure. The life history characteristics and ocean currents also had a strong correlation with the genetic homogeneity of D. maruadsi. However, the genetic structure of the population (genetic homogeneity) is inconsistent with biological characteristics (significant difference), which is an important reminder to identify and manage the D. maruadsi population carefully.