bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Application of topical pharyngeal anesthesia to reduce adverse reactions during painless gastroscopy: A prospective randomized study
Authors: Lin Xiaoxiao , Sun Haoyue , Lin Xizhou , Liu Ya , Hu Sisi , Yu Yingcong , Song Caiyun
Published: February 2023

BACKGROUND: Studies have reported that certain adverse reactions can occur during painless gastroscopy examination. Knowing how to decrease the risks and incidence of adverse reactions is of great importance. OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether topical pharyngeal anesthesia combined with intravenous anesthesia is superior to intravenous anesthesia alone in patients undergoing painless gastroscopy and to determine whether this combined approach had any additional benefits. METHODS: Three hundred patients undergoing painless gastroscopy were randomly assigned to either the control group or the experimental group. In the control group, patients were anesthetized with propofol, while patients in the experimental group received propofol combined with 2% lidocaine spray for topical pharyngeal anesthesia. Hemodynamic parameters before and after the procedure, including the heart rate (HR), mean arterial pressure (MAP), and pulse oxygen saturation (SPO2) were recorded. Any adverse reactions experienced by the patient, including choking and respiratory depression, and the total dosage of propofol required during each procedure were also documented. RESULTS: Compared with pre-anesthetic data, the HR, MAP, and SPO2 were reduced after the completion of the painless gastroscopy procedure in both groups. However, the HR, MAP, and SPO2 measurements taken after the gastroscopy were significantly lower in the control group than those of the experimental group (P< 0.05); thus, the hemodynamic parameters of the experimental group were more stable. Compared with the control group, there was significant reduction in the total amount of propofol administered in the experimental group (P< 0.05). The incidence of adverse reactions, including choking and respiratory depression, was significantly lower in the experimental group (P< 0.05). CONCLUSION: The results demonstrated that the application of topical pharyngeal anesthesia in painless gastroscopy can significantly reduce the incidence of adverse reactions. Thus, the combination of topical pharyngeal and intravenous anesthesia is worthy of clinical application and promotion.
Comparison of one-step laparoscopy and two-step endolaparoscopy in the treatment of secondary choledocholithiasis: A multicenter retrospective clinical study
Authors: Wang Ping , Song Guo-Dong , Xie Wang-Cheng , Song Zhen-Shun
Published: February 2023

BACKGROUND: There are two minimally invasive ways of treating cholecystolithiasis combined with choledocholithiasis, but there remains some controversy regarding which technique is better, since they both have advantages and disadvantages. The one-step method involves laparoscopic cholecystectomy, laparoscopic common bile duct exploration, and primary close (LC + LCBDE + PC), while the two-step procedure consists of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography, endoscopic sphincterotomy, and laparoscopic cholecystectomy (ERCP + EST + LC). OBJECTIVE: This multicenter retrospective study aimed to analyze and compare the effects of the two techniques. METHODS: The data of patients who underwent either one-step LCBDE + LC + PC or two-step ERCP + EST + LC treatment for gallstones in the gallbladder and bile duct at the Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Tongren Hospital, and Taizhou Fourth People’s Hospital between January 1, 2015 and December 31, 2019 were collected, and the preoperative indicators of the two groups were compared. RESULTS: The surgical success rate of the one-step laparoscopic group was 96.23% (664/690), the transit abdominal opening rate was 2.03% (14/690), and there were 21 cases of postoperative bile leakage. The success rate of the two-step endolaparoscopic surgery was 78.95% (225/285), the transit opening rate was 2.46% (7/285), and there were 43 postoperative cases of pancreatitis and five of cholangitis. Postoperative cholangitis, pancreatitis, postoperative stone recurrence, postoperative hospitalization, and treatment costs were significantly lower (P< 0.05) in the one-step laparoscopic group than in the two-step endolaparoscopic group. However, the amount of intraoperative bleeding, the postoperative extraction time of the abdominal drainage tube, and the incidence of bile leakage were higher (P< 0.05) in the one-step laparoscopic group than in the two-step endolaparoscopic group. CONCLUSION: The two methods of treating choledocholithiasis combined with choledocholithiasis that were analyzed in this study were safe and effective, and each method had its own advantages.
Prevalence of vestibular migraine in an otolaryngologic clinic: Preliminary clinical diagnosis versus diagnosis according to the strictly applied Bárány criteria
Authors: Kang Byung Chul , Kim TaeKoon , Kwon Joong Keun
Published: February 2023

BACKGROUND: Diagnostic criteria of vestibular migraine (VM) by the Bárány classification consists of complex combinations of characteristics of dizziness: episodes, intensity, duration, migraine according to International Classification of Headache Disorders (ICHD), and migraine features accompanying vertigo. The prevalence according to strictly applied Bárány criteria may be much lower than preliminary clincal diagnosis. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study is to investigate the prevalence of VM according to strictly applied Bárány criteria among dizzy patients who visited the otolaryngology department. METHODS: The medical records of patients with dizziness from December 2018 to November 2020 were retrospectively searched using a clinical big data system. The patients completed a questionnaire designed to identify VM according to Bárány classification. Microsoft Excel function formulas were used to identify cases that met the criteria. RESULTS: During the study period, 955 new patients visited the otolaryngology department complaining of dizziness, of which 11.6% were assessed as preliminary clinical diagnosis of VM in outpatient clinic. However, VM according to strictly applied Bárány criteria accounted for only 2.9% of dizzy patients. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of VM according to strictly applied Bárány criteria could be significantly lower than that of preliminary clinical diagnosis in outpatient clinic.
EVALUATION OF DIAGNOSTIC ALGORITHM BASED ON COLLAGEN ORGANIZATION PARAMETERS FOR BREAST TUMORS
Authors: Lukianova N. , Zadvornyi T. , Mushii O. , Pyatchanina T. , Chekhun V.
Published: February 2023

The changes in the quantitative parameters and spatial structure of collagen are considered a key diagnostic and prognostic factor associated with the development of many malignant neoplasms, including breast cancer (BCa). The aim of the work was to develop and test an algorithm for the assessment of collagen organization parameters as informative attributes associated with BCa for developing technology of machine learning and building an intelligent system of cancer diagnostics. Materials and Methods: Tumor tissue samples of 5 patients with breast fibroadenomas and 20 patients with stage I–II BCa were studied. Collagen was identified histochemically by Mallory method. Photomicrographs of the studied preparations were obtained using a digital microscopy complex AxioScope A1. Morphometric studies were performed using the software CurveAlign v. 4.0. beta and ImageJ. Results: The algorithm for determining the quantitative characteristics and spatial organization of the collagen matrix in tumor tissue samples has been developed and tested. We showed that collagen fibers in the BCa tissue are characterized by significantly lower values of length (p < 0.001) and width (p < 0.001) as well as higher values of straightness (p < 0.001) and angle (p < 0.05) compared to these in the fibroadenoma tissue. No significant difference was found in the density of collagen fibers in the tissue of benign and malignant neoplasms of the mammary gland. Conclusion: The algorithm allows assessing a wide range of parameters of collagen fibers in tumor tissue, including their spatial orientation and mutual arrangement, parametric characteristics and density of the three-dimensional fibrillar network.
Los inicios de la enseñanza de pediatría en Chile y la fundación de hospitales de niños
Authors: Schonhaut Berman Luisa , Chavez Zuñiga Pablo , Vargas Catalán Nelson
Published: February 2023

El objetivo del presente manuscrito es revisar antecedentes históricos previos a la creación de la Sociedad Chilena de Pediatría (SOCHIPE) en el año 1922, con el propósito de reflexionar sobre su impacto en la profesionalización de la pediatría nacional, especialmente en la salud y sobrevida de los niños. Se revisaron documentos de la Junta de Beneficencia, libros y estudios especializados de la época. Hasta principios del siglo XX, el país ostentaba una de las tasas de mortalidad infantil más elevadas del mundo, y contaba con precarias instalaciones para enfrentarlas. En aquellos años, el único establecimiento cerrado para la atención de infantes era la Casa de Huérfanos, que estaba al cuidado de religiosas con apoyo de médicos; es ahí donde se desarrollaron los primeros cursos teórico-prácticos de la especialidad. Presionados por la alta mortalidad infantil y las mortíferas epidemias, la Junta de Beneficencia vio la urgencia de mejorar las condiciones higiénicas y crear instalaciones para el cuidado de los niños. El manuscrito aborda el surgimiento de espacios encargados del resguardo de la salud de los menores de cinco años, desde la creación de la cátedra de pediatría y del primer hospital de niños, el Hospital Roberto del Río, lo que marcó el inicio de las políticas de salud pública infantiles.
Espécies de aves não Passeriformes do rio Paraguai, Pantanal, Cáceres - MT Brasil
Authors: Nunes Josué Ribeiro da Silva , Silva Carolina Joana da , Dias Filho Manoel Martins
Published: February 2023

O Pantanal possui cerca de 730 espécies de aves, das quais cerca de 80 são aves aquáticas, sendo a região mais rica e abundante em aves aquáticas do continente. Este estudo foi realizado com o objetivo de registrar a ocorrência e distribuição das aves, ao longo de 140 km do rio Paraguai, entre a área urbana do município de Cáceres-MT e a fazenda Descalvados, e em 13 lagoas parentais ao longo dos rios. As amostragens foram realizadas por barco com velocidade constante, todos os indivíduos observados ou ouvidos foram registrados. Foram registradas no total 177 espécies de aves não Passeriformes no rio Paraguai e 13 lagos parentais. No trecho RIO III do rio Paraguai foi registrada maior diversidade, entre o lago, BJCRE apresentou maior riqueza. Ficou evidenciada a importância da área pelo elevado número de espécies registradas.
RISK MANAGEMENT METHODOLOGY THROUGH THE PRISM OF SOCIAL MANAGEMENT MACRO-FACTORS
Authors: Valentyn Bannikov
Published: February 2023

The history of humanity is a history of the creation of new technologies, including special technologies for risk management, to help us reduce and, in some cases, completely control risks that previously would have had the most devastating consequences. The purpose of the article is to analyze the macro management factors that influence risk management and to reveal their methodological component in this process. The author of the article emphasizes that modern society in the dynamic functioning of the social and economic relations relies already not so much on the analysis of factors influencing on management process, as on the ability of subjects to estimate and correct risks. in relation to the object of acceptance of a management decision. It is noticed that the main studied concepts of a number of Russian scientists are the areas of risk research within the monetary sphere of company management; research of risk management as a paradox and structuring of this activity in the general vector of company economic life management; or risk management in specific areas of socio-economic life, such as insurance, financial services, investment activities, etc. It is concluded that the global factors of management activities have a direct impact on the implementation of risk analysis in the most specific management situations at all levels of its application.
DESKRIPSI KECERDASAN EMOSIONAL REMAJA SELAMA SCHOOL FROM HOME (SFH)
Authors: Rezkiki Fitrianola , Kartika Imelda Rahmayunia , Gemilang Fhajri Arye , Fakhri Fakhri , Meiyersi Heru
Published: February 2023

Abstrak

Latar Belakang : Pandemic corona virus disease bukan hanya berdampak pada dunia kesehatan dan  ekonomi, tetapi juga dirasakan oleh dunia pendidikan. Terhitung Maret 2020 hingga sekarang, kegiatan pembelajaran tatap muka di sekolah resmi dihentikan sementara, diganti dengan School from Home (SFH). Madrasah  Tsanawiyah/sederajat  paling  banyak  mengikuti metode belajar di rumah. Ada 28.587.688 murid yang belajar jarak jaruh. Penutupan dan pembelajaran yang di alokasikan ke rumah menimbulkan dampak terhadap kecerdasan emosional peserta didik. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui deskripsi kecerdasan emosional peserta didik selama pembelajaran dirumah (School From Home). Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan desain penelitian kuantitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif analitik, dengan sampel penelitian ini berjumlah 285 orang yang diambil menggunakan accidental sampling. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah kuesioner kecerdasan emosional disadur dari Siregar (2018) yakni berisi 30 item pernyataan dengan 24 pernyataan positif dan 6 pernyataan negatif menggunakan skala likert. Kuesioner terdiri atas komponen kecerdasan emosional yang meliputi kesadaran diri, pengaturan diri, motivasi, empati dan keterampilan sosial. Hasil : Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa sebagian responden (58,25%) memiliki kecerdasan emosional yang rendah, dengan nilai mean terendah terdapat pada komponen Motivasi. Kesimpulan: Hasil pengkategorisasian skor  kecerdasan  emosional secara keseluruhan menunjukkan bahwa di MTsN 2 Bukittinggi didominasi  oleh  peserta didik  dengan kecerdasan  emosional  dengan kategori rendah, dimana pada kategori motivasi peserta didik itu sendiri. Hal ini sangat dipengaruhi oleh kondisi pembelajaran dirumah, sehingga diharapkan pihak sekolah mampu meningkatkan motivasi belajar peserta didik walaupun belajar dari rumah masih tetap dilakukan pada kondisi pandemi ini.

Kata kunci      : kecerdasan emosional, peserta didik, school from home
PERSEPSI MAHASISWA TENTANG KOMPETENSI PERSEPTOR KLINIK DALAM KEGIATAN PRESEPTORSHIP SELAMA PRAKTEK PROFESI NERS
Authors: Kartika Imelda Rahmayunia , Rezkiki Fitrianola
Published: February 2023

Abstrak

Kompetensi perseptor klinik dapat berupa kompetensi klinik maupun komptensi mengajar dalam preceptorship, dimana bertugas memperkuat profesionalisme mahasiswa dengan mendukung perkembangan profesi dan membantu mahasiswa mencapai target kompetensi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran kompetensi perseptor dalam hal ini kompetensi klinik (clinical competence) dan Kompetensi Mengajar (Teaching skill) yang dinilai dari persepsi mahasiswa yang sedang menjalani praktek profesi ners di rumah sakit. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain penelitian kuantitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif analitik. Sampel penelitian ini adalah 30 orang mahasiswa yang sedang menjalani praktek profesi ners. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah kuesioner tentang Kompetensi Preseptor Klinik. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa kompetensi klinik perawat sebagai perseptor klinik dalam kegiatan perseptorship (bimbingan) selama praktek profesi ners adalah baik (50%). Namun, kompetensi mengajar (teaching skill) perseptor klinik masih banyak yang menyatakan kurang baik (66.7%). Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa kompetensi klinik perseptor harus ditingkatkan dengan pengembangan kompetensi klinis para perseptor klinik. Diharapkan organisasi keperawatan memberi dukungan yang cukup dalam kegiatan perseptorship, dan menciptakan suasana belajar yang representatif.

 

Kata kunci: Kompetensi Perseptor Klinik, Perseptorship, Mahasiswa Ners
PERAN PEMERIKSAAN NON INVASIF DAN PENCITRAAN KARDIOVASKULAR DALAM MANAJEMEN PENYAKIT JANTUNG KORONER
Authors: Mezal Ricky Juliardi
Published: February 2023

Noninvasive cardiac test is a cornerstone of the diagnostic work-up in patients with suspected coronary artery disease (CAD). It is essential for the assessment of CAD and considered the gate-keeper to invasive coronary angiography. Cardiac tests include exercise electrocardiography, single photon emission computed tomography myocardial perfusion imaging, positron emission tomography myocardial perfusion imaging, stress echocardiography, coronary computed  tomography angiography, and stress cardiac magnetic resonance. However, clinicians face a challenge when deciding which test is most appropriate for a given patient. Basic knowledge of each modality will facilitate the decision-making process in CAD assessment.
PERILAKU MASYARAKAT DALAM MENERAPKAN PROTOKOL PENCEGAHAN COVID-19
Authors: Juwita Lisavina , Adriana Ninda , Amelia Sherly
Published: February 2023

The development of the Covid-19 outbreak is increasingly worrying where every day there is an increase in cases globally. In West Sumatra the total number of cases was 65,703 and the City of Bukittinggi the number of cases was 2471 cases. This study aims to determine the behavior of the community in implementing the Covid-19 prevention protocol in the community. This type of research is a descriptive study in June 2021 with a population of all adults in Kelurahan G, Bukittinggi City. Sampling using purposive sampling technique with a sample size of 96 respondents. Collecting data using a questionnaire. Data analysis includes editing, coding and data entry. The results showed that the behavior of implementing the Covid-19 prevention protocol was not good, namely 47% of respondents rarely kept their distance when in crowds, 57% of respondents rarely washed their hands with soap or hand sanitizer after handling objects in public places and 40% of respondents never wore masks that were three layers when outdoors. It is hoped that the community will always improve the Covid-19 prevention protocol in order to avoid exposure to the community from Covid-19
ANALISIS DETERMINAN IMUNISASI DASAR LENGKAP PADA BAYI DI PUSKESMAS RAWANG DAN PUSKESMAS KOTO LOLO KOTA SUNGAI PENUH TAHUN 2021
Authors: Nopiarti Sriayu
Published: February 2023

Latar Belakang : Menurut Organisasi Kesehatan Dunia (WHO), pada tahun 2018 ada sekitar 20 juta anak di dunia yang tidak mendapatkan imunisasi lengkap. Salah Satu Indikator keberhasilan Program imunisasi dasar lengkap adalah tercapainya Imunisasi dasar lengkap (IDL) di Indonesia mencapai 86,8% dan perlu ditingkatkan hingga mencapai target 93%. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui Analisis Determinan Faktor Imunisasi Dasar Lengkap Pada Bayi Di Puskesmas Rawang  Dan Puskesmas Koto Lolo Kota Sungai Penuh Tahun 2021.

Metode Penelitian menggunakan jenis mixed methods, kuantitaitf menggunakan pendekatan crossectional dan kualitatif menggunakan pendekatan Fenomenologi di lakukan pada bulan Meit-Juli 2021, sampel 300 orang yaitu bayi di Puskesmas Rawang Dan Puskesmas Koto Lolo Tahun 2021 dan informan sebanyak  8 orang. Analisis data dengan Uji Chi Square dan uji regresi logistik ini adalah untuk memperoleh dan mendapatkan deskripsi, analisis, interprestasi serta faktor yang paling berpengaruh terhadap Faktor Imunisasi Dasar Lengkap Pada Bayi Di Puskesmas Rawang  Dan Puskesmas Koto Lolo Kota Sungai Penuh Tahun 2021.

Hasil Penelitian Hasil uji statistik Chi-Square pada pengetahuan (0,000), sikap (0,000), pendidikan 0,020), jarak pelayanan kesehatan (0,000), peran tenaga kesehatan (0,000), pendapatan (0,488), dan pekerjaan orang tua (0,205) maka dapat disimpulkan adanya hubungan pengetahuan, sikap, pendidikan, jarak pelayanan kesehatan, peran tenaga kesehatan dengan Imunisasi Dasar Lengkap Pada Bayi Di Puskesmas Rawang  Dan Puskesmas Koto Lolo Kota Sungai Penuh Tahun 2021.

Kesimpulan Didapatkan faktor yang paling dominan pengaruhnya terhadap Imunisasi Dasar Lengkap  pada bayi adalah sikap  (p-value 0,000). Input pada penelitian ini sudah tercapai, proses pada penelitian ini sudah berjalan dengan baik hanya saja pada pencatatan dan pelaporan belum terlalu mendetail dan begitu juga dengan pemantauan pendistribusian vaksin ke puskesmas belum terlalu ketat, Dan output pada penelitian ini sudah mencapai target, hanya saja saja ibu yang memiliki anak balita masih ada yang tidak mau anak nya dilakukan imunisasi dasar. Disarankan pada Puskesmas dapat meningkatkan informasi dalam menyusun kebijakan dan strategi program kesehatan terutama yang berhubungan dengan pelayanan kesehatan masyarakat khusus nya program Imunisasi Dasar Lengkap pada bayi dimasa yang akan datang dan model penerapan dengan pendekatan multi strategi seperti pembuatan kantong persalinan, pembuatan group whatsapp, sertifikat imunisasi.

 
Kata Kunci    : Imunisasi Dasar Lengkap, Pengetahuan, Sikap, Pendidikan, Jarak Pelayanan Kesehatan, Peran Tenaga Kesehatan, Pendapatan, Pekerjaan
Sustaining Long-term Community-Academic Partnerships: Negotiating Power and Presence
Authors: Hailes Helen , Colgan Courtney , Goodman Lisa , Thomas Kristie
Published: February 2023

Community based participatory research (CBPR) partnerships simultaneously increase knowledge and community well-being. Despite the growing number of long-term (as opposed to project-specific) CBPR partnerships, research has yet to sufficiently explore factors that contribute to their success and sustainability over time. This study investigated this question by exploring the perceived benefits, barriers, and facilitators of participation in one long-term CBPR partnership, with particular attention to the role of power. Fifteen members and non-members of a CBPR partnership were interviewed, and data were analyzed using qualitative content analysis. Interviewees discussed the value of involvement in the partnership, including strong relationships, honest discussion of power dynamics, mutual learning, and capacity building. Barriers and facilitators to involvement included access factors (ability to be involved) and participation factors (desire to be involved.) Attention to power dynamics was an important benefit for members, yet culturally-specific organizations faced unique barriers to participation. The findings of this study suggest that future long-term CBPR partnerships should prioritize addressing inequitable logistical barriers to participation, discussing power dynamics and power-sharing, and “centering the margins” by focusing on the needs and interests of culturally-specific organizations.
Amidst the Chaos: Developing a Counseling Psychologist Identity during Ongoing Social Unrest
Authors: Flores Iliana , Sharma Himadhari , Franco Veronica , Valadez Adrian , Cerezo Alison
Published: February 2023

Abstract In this reflection paper we discuss the complex challenge of undergoing Counseling Psychology doctoral training as gender expansive women of color during times of great sociopolitical unrest in the United States (U.S.). We consider how via insider status, we are uniquely impacted by engagement in clinical and research work with diverse communities that face ongoing threats to their social and psychological well-being. However, our insider positions are rarely considered in our training experiences. We argue that the field of Counseling Psychology must make a concerted effort to center the voices of students with minoritized identities or runs the risk of engaging in White supremacist practices. We end with recommendations for how Counseling Psychology can better consider and address the needs of doctoral students with minoritized identities.
Rapid evaluation of service innovations in health and social care: key considerations
Authors: Smith Judith , Ellins Jo , Sherlaw-Johnson Chris , Vindrola-Padros Cecilia , Appleby John , Morris Stephen , Sussex Jon , Fulop Naomi J
Published: February 2023

This essay explores the emerging field of rapid evaluation in health and social care, drawing out the ways in which it is distinctive from or similar to other forms of applied research. It draws closely on the experience of two National Institute for Health and Care Research rapid service evaluation teams established in 2018, of which all authors of this essay are members. Reflection on the rapid evaluation teams’ body of work is used to highlight methodological and operational considerations for researchers, practitioners and policy-makers interested in the commissioning, conduct and application of rapid evaluations in health and social care.

The essay is organised according to the ‘evaluation pathway’, from project selection and scoping, stakeholder involvement, research methods and activity, through skills and team working to feedback and dissemination. Its conceptual framing draws on Riley et al.’s rapidity, responsiveness and relevance framework, proposing a fourth dimension of rigour. Novel insights include: the primacy of scoping thoroughly a rapid evaluation; the trade-offs to be made in respect of patient and community engagement and rapid working; the opportunities presented by virtual and mixed research methods; the particular challenges of supervising and leading multiple studies undertaken simultaneously; and the need for flexible and dynamic approaches to disseminating emerging findings in as close to real time. The essay concludes by setting out key lessons about how to conduct rapid evaluations.

Funding

This project was funded by the National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) Health and Social Care Delivery Research programme (RSET: 16/138/17; BRACE: 16/138/31).
PRE-SERVICE SCIENCE TEACHERS’ E-LEARNING STYLES
Authors: Ucar Dilara , Yilmaz Serkan
Published: February 2023

E-learning is becoming more popular than conventional teaching methods, particularly in science education. The use of e-learning has increased worldwide, especially after the COVID-19 pandemic. Today, students’ e-learning styles have gained even more importance. The participants of this survey, which aimed to examine e-learning styles for selected variables, consisted of 401 pre-service science teachers from two public universities in Turkey. The personal information form was used to obtain data on gender, university, personal computer ownership status, type of device used to connect to the internet, grade level, number of social network memberships, internet usage purpose, and duration of social media use. Another tool used in face-to-face data collection was the E-Learning Styles Scale (ESS). As a result of the analysis, it was understood that participants’ e-learning style scores were generally on the positive side. In terms of gender, grade level, and duration of social media use variables, there were statistically significant differences in the ESS and some of its sub-dimensions, while differences were found in only some sub-dimensions for the university variables, internet usage purpose, and number of social network memberships. Several suggestions were made in conjunction with the results of the descriptive and inferential analyses.
Keywords: descriptive research, e-learning styles, pre-service science teachers, science education
The Impact of Complete Aviation Services on Airport Service Performance at Class III Numfor Airport
Authors: Yulianto  , Muhamad Sawir  , Soesilo Wibowo
Published: February 2023

This study aims to analyze the development and use of Numfor Airport facilities, their impact on the performance of Numfor Airport, and the prioritized development and use of facilities at Numfor Airport. The research used mixed methods with the primary reliance on qualitative and quantitative data. While the qualitative data were obtained from interviews, the quantitative data were obtained from distributed questionnaires. The research participants and samples in this study amounted to 30 people, who were Numfor Airport employees, airline employees, and the public passengers. Quantitative data were processed using simple linear regression analysis. The results of the study show that 1) The development and utilization of facilities at Numfor Airport was far from optimal. 2) The development and utilization of facilities had a positive and significant effect on the performance of Numfor Airport. 3) It is necessary to prioritize the development and use of facilities at Numfor Airport for standardization of basic service facilities, procurement of the unavailable facilities, utilization of communication facilities, as well as procurement of special costs for transportation, postal and giro.
Taurocholic acid promotes hepatic stellate cell activation via S1PR2/p38 MAPK/YAP signaling under cholestatic conditions
Authors: Yang Jing , Tang Xujiao , Liang Zhu , Chen Mingzhu , Sun Lixin
Published: February 2023

Background/Aims: Disrupted bile acid regulation and accumulation in the liver can contribute to progressive liver damage and fibrosis. However, the effects of bile acids on the activation of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) remain unclear. This study investigated the effects of bile acids on HSC activation during liver fibrosis, and examined the underlying mechanisms.Methods: The immortalized HSCs, LX-2 and JS-1cells were used for the in vitro study. in vitro, the adeno-associated viruses adeno-associated virus-sh-S1PR2 and JTE-013 were used to pharmacologically inhibit the activity of S1PR2 in a murine model of fibrosis induced by a 3,5-diethoxycarbonyl-1,4-dihydrocollidine (DDC) diet. Histological and biochemical analyses were performed to study the involvement of S1PR2 in the regulation of fibrogenic factors as well as the activation properties of HSCs.Results: S1PR2 was the predominant S1PR expressed in HSCs and was upregulated during taurocholic acid (TCA) stimulation and in cholestatic liver fibrosis mice. TCA-induced HSC proliferation, migration and contraction and extracellular matrix protein secretion were inhibited by JTE-013 and a specific shRNA targeting S1PR2 in LX-2 and JS-1 cells. Meanwhile, treatment with JTE-013 or S1PR2 deficiency significantly attenuated liver histopathological injury, collagen accumulation, and the expression of fibrogenesis-associated genes in mice fed a DDC diet. Furthermore, TCAmediated activation of HSCs through S1PR2 was closely related to the yes-associated protein (YAP) signaling pathway via p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38 MAPK).Conclusions: TCA-induced activation of the S1PR2/p38 MAPK/YAP signaling pathways plays a vital role in regulating HSC activation, which might be therapeutically relevant for targeting cholestatic liver fibrosis.
Acute hepatitis C virus infection: clinical update and remaining challenges
Authors: Liu Chen-Hua , Kao Jia-Horng
Published: February 2023

Acute hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is a global health concern with substantial geographical variation in the incidence rate. People who have received unsafe medical procedures, used injection drugs, and lived with human immunodeficiency virus are reported to be most susceptible to acute HCV infection. The diagnosis of acute HCV infection is particularly challenging in immunocompromised, reinfected, and superinfected patients due to difficulty in detecting anti-HCV antibody seroconversion and HCV ribonucleic acid from a previously negative antibody response. With an excellent treatment effect on chronic HCV infection, recently, clinical trials investigating the benefit of direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) treatment for acute HCV infection have been conducted. Based on the results of cost-effectiveness analysis, DAAs should be initiated early in acute HCV infection prior to spontaneous viral clearance. Compared to the standard 8–12 week-course of DAAs for chronic HCV infection, DAAs treatment duration may be shortened to 6–8 weeks in acute HCV infection without compromising the efficacy. Standard DAA regimens provide comparable efficacy in treating HCV-reinfected patients and DAA-naïve ones. For cases contracting acute HCV infection from HCV-viremic liver transplant, a 12-week course of pangenotypic DAAs is suggested. While for cases contracting acute HCV infection from HCV-viremic non-liver solid organ transplants, a short course of prophylactic or pre-emptive DAAs is suggested. Currently, prophylactic HCV vaccines are unavailable. In addition to treatment scale-up for acute HCV infection, practice of universal precaution, harm reduction, safe sex, and vigilant surveillance after viral clearance remain critical in reducing HCV transmission.
Choice of methodology and surrogate prey are decisive for the quality of protistan bacterivory rate estimates
Authors: Florenza J , Bertilsson S
Published: February 2023

Microeukaryote predation on bacteria is a fundamental phenomenon to understand energy and nutrient dynamics at the base of the aquatic food web. To date, the most prevalent way to estimate grazing rates is by using epifluorescence microscopy to enumerate ingestion events of fluorescently labelled tracers (FLTs) after short-term incubation experiments. However, this approach can be sensitive to the type of FLT, requires skillful preparation of the samples and is limited to small sample sizes. We tested the susceptibility of rate estimates to the choice of prey and made a side-by-side comparison between microscopy and flow cytometry when recording ingestion by a bacterivorous flagellate. Short-term uptake experiments were established using 5 types of FLTs differing in quality (living, dead or inert) and size (large or small), with Ochromonas triangulata as a model flagellate. The experiments showed that (1) each of the different prey types yielded different clearing rates, ranging from 0.5 to 3.6 nl cell-1 h-1, with the largest differences (3-fold or higher) between small prey (lower rates) and large prey (higher rates); (2) the cytometry estimate differed significantly from the microscopy estimate in 3 out of 4 experimental configurations; and (3) the precision of the cytometric analysis was greater, with >3-fold higher uncertainty associated with microscopy counting. Our results validate that flow cytometry provides a more precise bacterivory estimate, and that the choice of FLT influences the grazing rate estimate to a high extent regardless of the analytical method used.
Yapısal Reformlar ile OECD’nin Politika Transferi ve Post-Pandemi Politikaları
Authors: Algan F. Müge
Published: February 2023

Yönetişim ve ortaklaşa yönetişim modelleri Dünya Bankası (DB), Ekonomik Kalkınma ve İşbirliği Örgütü (OECD), Birleşmiş Milletler (BM) gibi uluslarötesi kuruluşların ulusal, bölgesel ve küresel politikalara daha güçlü nüfuz etmelerini sağlamıştır. Bu kuruluşlar arasında OECD, yapısal reformlar aracılığıyla politika transferi yapan güçlü aktörlerden biri olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadır. OECD, pandemi öncesi ve sonrasında yürüttüğü ülke çalışmaları ile politika yönlendirmesi yapmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı ülkeler ile hukuki ilişkisi diğer küresel aktörlerden farklı olan OECD’nin hukuki ve finansal yaptırım gücünü araştırmak ve OECD politikalarının ülkeler ve dönemler itibarıyla tutarlılığını ve başarı düzeyini incelemektir. OECD’nin ülkeler ile yaptığı çalışmalardaki yaptırım araçlarına ulaşılması çalışmanın önemli kısıtlarından olmuştur. Çalışmanın literatürdeki diğer eserlerden farkı OECD politika transfer faaliyetlerini örnek ülkeler kapsamında incelemesinin yanında bu faaliyetleri pandemi öncesi dönem ve post-pandemi dönemi için ayrı ayrı ortaya koymasıdır. Çalışmanın bir diğer farkı ortaklaşa yönetişim modelinin pandemi sonrasındaki hareket yöntemini incelemesidir. Makale, pandemi öncesi ve sonrası dönemde Litvanya, Yunanistan, Hollanda ve İtalya’ya sunulan politika önerilerini karşılaştırmakta ve bu karşılaştırma üzerinden post-pandemi döneminde ortaklaşa yönetişim modelindeki ortaklık yapısı değişikliğini ve yönetişim teorisinin gelişimini ortaya koymayı amaçlamaktadır.
Theology Of Christian Education In Matthew 28:16-20
Authors: Laia Harman Ziduhu , Pasaribu Goktondi , Basuki Ponco Mujiono
Published: February 2023

The implementation of Christian Education must be based on correct theological principles, so as not to deviate from Bible truth, and glorify the Lord Jesus, the giver of the task of Christian Education itself. One of the main and important texts on this subject is Matthew 28:16-20 which is known as the Great Commission of the Lord Jesus for all believers, and the task of teaching part of it. Therefore, it is very important to understand the principles of Christian Education theology according to this text. Based on the exegesis study of Matthew 28:16-20, several Christian Education theological principles are put forward in it, namely: (1) Actors of Christian Education must have a loyal character, and be taught about the Bible first so they have teaching skills later; (2) The content or material taught in Christian Education is the teachings of the Lord Jesus; (3) Christian Education must be carried out by all believers, namely they have all the conditions in the first point; (4) Christian Education must function as a means of discipling every new believer (new disciple) to mature their faith; (5) Christian Education must be given to all believers of all ages; (6) Christian Education is the task from the Lord Jesus, the Owner of all power in heaven and on earth, therefore, it is a task that must be carried out; (7) Christian Education must aim to form every believer to become obedient to the teachings of the Lord Jesus; (8) Christian Education actors will be accompanied by the Lord Jesus; (9) Christian Education must be carried out on the basis of the authority of the Lord Jesus.
SPHINX-Based Combination Therapy as a Potential Novel Treatment Strategy for Acute Myeloid Leukaemia
Authors: Wodi Chigeru , Belali Tareg , Morse Ruth , Porazinski Sean , Ladomery Michael
Published: February 2023

Introduction: Dysregulated alternative splicing is a prominent feature of cancer. The inhibition and knockdown of the SR splice factor kinase SRPK1 reduces tumour growth in vivo. As a result several SPRK1 inhibitors are in development including SPHINX, a 3-(trifluoromethyl)anilide scaffold. The objective of this study was to treat two leukaemic cell lines with SPHINX in combination with the established cancer drugs azacitidine and imatinib.

Materials and Methods: We selected two representative cell lines; Kasumi-1, acute myeloid leukaemia, and K562, BCR-ABL positive chronic myeloid leukaemia. Cells were treated with SPHINX concentrations up to 10μM, and in combination with azacitidine (up to 1.5 μg/ml, Kasumi-1 cells) and imatinib (up to 20 μg/ml, K562 cells). Cell viability was determined by counting the proportion of live cells and those undergoing apoptosis through the detection of activated caspase 3/7. SRPK1 was knocked down with siRNA to confirm SPHINX results.

Results: The effects of SPHINX were first confirmed by observing reduced levels of phosphorylated SR proteins. SPHINX significantly reduced cell viability and increased apoptosis in Kasumi-1 cells, but less prominently in K562 cells. Knockdown of SRPK1 by RNA interference similarly reduced cell viability. Combining SPHINX with azacitidine augmented the effect of azacitidine in Kasumi-1 cells. In conclusion, SPHINX reduces cell viability and increases apoptosis in the acute myeloid leukaemia cell line Kasumi-1, but less convincingly in the chronic myeloid leukaemia cell line K562.

Conclusion: We suggest that specific types of leukaemia may present an opportunity for the development of SRPK1-targeted therapies to be used in combination with established chemotherapeutic drugs.
Comparison between articular chondrocytes and mesenchymal stromal cells for the production of articular cartilage implants
Authors: Frerker Nadine , Karlsen Tommy A. , Stensland Maria , Nyman Tuula A. , Rayner Simon , Brinchmann Jan E.
Published: February 2023

Focal lesions of articular cartilage give rise to pain and reduced joint function and may, if left untreated, lead to osteoarthritis. Implantation of in vitro generated, scaffold-free autologous cartilage discs may represent the best treatment option. Here we compare articular chondrocytes (ACs) and bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) for their ability to make scaffold-free cartilage discs. Articular chondrocytes produced more extracellular matrix per seeded cell than mesenchymal stromal cells. Quantitative proteomics analysis showed that articular chondrocyte discs contained more articular cartilage proteins, while mesenchymal stromal cell discs had more proteins associated with cartilage hypertrophy and bone formation. Sequencing analysis revealed more microRNAs associated with normal cartilage in articular chondrocyte discs, and large-scale target predictions, performed for the first time for in vitro chondrogenesis, suggested that differential expression of microRNAs in the two disc types were important mechanisms behind differential synthesis of proteins. We conclude that articular chondrocytes should be preferred over mesenchymal stromal cells for tissue engineering of articular cartilage.
Protein sorting from endosomes to the TGN
Authors: Buser Dominik P. , Spang Anne
Published: February 2023

Retrograde transport from endosomes to the trans-Golgi network is essential for recycling of protein and lipid cargoes to counterbalance anterograde membrane traffic. Protein cargo subjected to retrograde traffic include lysosomal acid-hydrolase receptors, SNARE proteins, processing enzymes, nutrient transporters, a variety of other transmembrane proteins, and some extracellular non-host proteins such as viral, plant, and bacterial toxins. Efficient delivery of these protein cargo molecules depends on sorting machineries selectively recognizing and concentrating them for their directed retrograde transport from endosomal compartments. In this review, we outline the different retrograde transport pathways governed by various sorting machineries involved in endosome-to-TGN transport. In addition, we discuss how this transport route can be analyzed experimentally.
The effect of rhamnolipids on fungal membrane models as described by their interactions with phospholipids and sterols: An in silico study
Authors: Rodríguez-Moraga Nely , Ramos-Martín Francisco , Buchoux Sébastien , Rippa Sonia , D’Amelio Nicola , Sarazin Catherine
Published: February 2023

Introduction: Rhamnolipids (RLs) are secondary metabolites naturally produced by bacteria of the genera Pseudomonas and Burkholderia with biosurfactant properties. A specific interest raised from their potential as biocontrol agents for crop culture protection in regard to direct antifungal and elicitor activities. As for other amphiphilic compounds, a direct interaction with membrane lipids has been suggested as the key feature for the perception and subsequent activity of RLs.

Methods: Molecular Dynamics (MD) simulations are used in this work to provide an atomistic description of their interactions with different membranous lipids and focusing on their antifungal properties.

Results and discussion: Our results suggest the insertion of RLs into the modelled bilayers just below the plane drawn by lipid phosphate groups, a placement that is effective in promoting significant membrane fluidification of the hydrophobic core. This localization is promoted by the formation of ionic bonds between the carboxylate group of RLs and the amino group of the phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) or phosphatidylserine (PS) headgroups. Moreover, RL acyl chains adhere to the ergosterol structure, forming a significantly higher number of van der Waals contact with respect to what is observed for phospholipid acyl chains. All these interactions might be essential for the membranotropic-driven biological actions of RLs.
microRNAs as biomarkers of risk of major adverse cardiovascular events in atrial fibrillation
Authors: de los Reyes-García Ascensión M. , Zapata-Martínez Laura , Águila Sonia , Lozano María L. , Martínez Constantino , González-Conejero Rocío
Published: February 2023

Atrial fibrillation is a complex and multifactorial disease. Although prophylactic anticoagulation has great benefits in avoiding comorbidities, adverse cardiovascular events still occur and thus in recent decades, many resources have been invested in the identification of useful markers in the prevention of the risk of MACE in these patients. As such, microRNAs, that are small non-coding RNAs whose function is to regulate gene expression post-transcriptionally, have a relevant role in the development of MACE. miRNAs, have been investigated for many years as potential non-invasive biomarkers of several diseases. Different studies have shown their utility in the diagnosis and prognosis of cardiovascular diseases. In particular, some studies have associated the presence of certain miRNAs in plasma with the development of MACE in AF. Despite these results, there are still many efforts to be done to allow the clinical use of miRNAs. The lack of standardization concerning the methodology in purifying and detecting miRNAs, still provides contradictory results. miRNAs also have a functional impact in MACE in AF through the dysregulation of immunothrombosis. Indeed, miRNAs may be a link between MACE and inflammation, through the regulation of neutrophil extracellular traps that are a key element in the establishment and evolution of thrombotic events. The use of miRNAs as therapy against thromboinflammatory processes should also be a future approach to avoid the occurrence of MACE in atrial fibrillation.
Indoxyl sulfate induces left ventricular hypertrophy via the AhR-FGF23-FGFR4 signaling pathway
Authors: Kishimoto Hiroshi , Nakano Toshiaki , Torisu Kumiko , Tokumoto Masanori , Uchida Yushi , Yamada Shunsuke , Taniguchi Masatomo , Kitazono Takanari
Published: February 2023

Background

Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) have a high risk of left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH). Fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) and indoxyl sulfate (IS) are associated with LVH in patients with CKD, but the interactions between these molecules remain unknown. We investigated whether IS contributes to LVH associated with FGF23 in cultured cardiomyocytes and CKD mice.

Methods and results

In cultured rat cardiac myoblast H9c2 cells incubated with IS, mRNA levels of the LVH markers atrial natriuretic factor, brain natriuretic peptide, and β-myosin heavy chain were significantly upregulated. Levels of mRNA of the polypeptide N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase 3 (GALNT3), which regulates FGF23 O-glycosylation, and FGF23 were also upregulated in H9c2 cells. Intact FGF23 protein expression and fibroblast growth factor receptor 4 (FGFR4) phosphorylation were increased in cell lysates by IS administration. In C57BL/6J mice with heminephrectomy, IS promoted LVH, whereas the inhibition of FGFR4 significantly reduced heart weight and left ventricular wall thickness in IS-treated groups. While there was no significant difference in serum FGF23 concentrations, cardiac FGF23 protein expression was markedly increased in IS-injected mice. GALNT3, hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha, and FGF23 protein expression was induced in H9c2 cells by IS treatment and suppressed by the inhibition of Aryl hydrocarbon receptor which is the receptor for IS.

Conclusion

This study suggests that IS increases FGF23 protein expression via an increase in GALNT3 and hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha expression, and activates FGF23-FGFR4 signaling in cardiomyocytes, leading to LVH.