bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Development and Evaluation of Bioconverted Milk with Antimicrobial effect against Oral Pathogens and α-Glucosidase Inhibitory Activity
Authors: Lee Yewon , Yoon Yohan , Choi Kyoung-hee
Published: May 2024

To decrease oral pathogens and increase the number of beneficial bacteria, probiotics and bioactive compounds made via microbial bioconversion are recently used. In addition, the interest regarding probiotics-mediated bioconversion with popular medicinal plants is increasing. These compounds produced during the process exhibit synergistic effect and enhance a variety of biological activities including pathogen inhibition in host. Therefore, we developed bioconverted milk with high inhibitory activity against oral pathogens and α-glucosidase. Lactiplantibacillus plantarum SMFM2016-RK was chosen as the probiotic due to its beneficial characteristics such as high acid and bile tolerance, antioxidant activity, and α-glucosidase inhibition. Based on the minimal bactericidal concentration against three oral pathogens, the following appropriate concentrations of Artemisia herba-alba extract were added to milk: 5 mg/mL of A. herba-alba ethanol extract and 25 mg/mL of A. herba-alba hot-water extract. Four bioconverted milks (BM), BM1, BM2, BM3, and BM4, were produced by combining L. plantarum SMFM2016-RK alone, L. plantarum SMFM2016-RK and ethanol extract, L. plantarum SMFM2016-RK and hot-water extract, and L. plantarum SMFM2016-RK with both extracts. As a result of antimicrobial activity, BM3 inhibited the growth of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans and Porphyromonas gingivalis the most, and BM4 suppressed the growth of Fusobacterium nucleatum the most. In addition, bioconverted milk containing A. herba-alba (BM2, BM3, and BM4) inhibited α-glucosidase more effectively than BM1. In conclusion, A. herba-alba-added milk bioconverted by L. plantarum SMFM2016-RK displayed the growth inhibitory effect on oral pathogens and the α-glucosidase inhibitory activity, thus it necessitates to evaluate the effects on the alleviation of oral diseases and glycemic control through future animal experiments.
The Potential Regenerative Effect of L-carnitine Pretreated Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Myocardial Infarction Through Modulating Apoptosis, Inflammation, and Cellular Differentiation
Authors: El Sadik Abir , Alsaykhan Hamad M. , Alrehaili Jihad Awad , Alkhamiss Abdullah saleh , Elzainy Ahmed
Published: May 2024

Preconditioned mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) represent an advanced method to overcome the challenges related to their survival rate, differentiation, and activity maintenance. L-carnitine has demonstrated antioxidant and anti-apoptotic effects on injured cardiac cells. However, limited research has been conducted to explore their combined effect on cardiac tissue injury. Therefore, the present study aimed to conduct a comparative and comprehensive study investigating the role of L-carnitine-pre-treatment on the immunomodulation of inflammation, apoptosis, and differentiation of MSCs and their impact on cardiac toxicity induced by Doxorubicin (DOX). Rats were divided into group I (control), group II (DOX), group III (DOX+MSCs), group IV (DOX+L-carnitine), group V (DOX+L-carnitine pre-treated MSCs). CK-MB, troponin I, MDA, and catalase levels were improved in the treated groups (III, IV, and V). The degeneration and necrosis of the cardiomyocytes were reduced in the treated groups. They regained their normal architecture in the L-carnitine pre-treated MSCs group. These findings were augmented by analyzing the immunomodulators; NF-ҡβ, TNFα, and IL-1β, the proliferative indicators Ki-67, and hsp90, the cardiac differentiation marker TH and the apoptotic regulators; caspase 3 and Bcl2. These results demonstrate the optimal regenerative and therapeutic effects of L-carnitine pre-treated MSCs representing an efficient tool for future stem cell therapy.
Efektivitas Stick Herbal Usada Bali sebagai Antioksidan dan Anti-Inflamasi pada Mencit Putih Jantan yang Diinduksi Karagenan
Authors: Adrianta Ketut Agus , Bisama I Putu Werda , Udayani Ni Nyoman Wahyu , Suena Ni Made Dharma Shantini , Wibawa Agung Ari Chandra
Published: May 2024

: Inflamasi disebabkan oleh terlepasnya mediator pro inflamasi di dalam tubuh, seperti TNF-α, caspase-3, dan prostaglandin. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui aktivitas antioksidan dan antiinflamasi dari stick herbal Usada Bali yang mengandung rimpang kencur, bunga cengkeh, dan daun kelor pada mencit putih jantan yang diinduksi karagenan. Penelitian dilakukan dengan rancangan penelitian eksprimental laboratorium, dimana dalam pengujian antioksidan digunakan penelitian in-vtiro DPPH dengan instrument spektrofotometri UV-Vis, sedangkan pengujian antiinflamasi berupa penelitian in-vivo dengan rancangan randomize pre test and postest with control group design dan menggunakan hewan coba dengan rincian pembagian kelompok sebagai berikut: Kelompok 1 (P1) adalah kelompok perlakuan plasebo, kelompok 2 (P2) adalah kelompok perlakuan yang diberikan natrium diklofenak, kelompok 3 (P3) adalah kelompok perlakuan yang diberikan Stick Herbal Usada Bali. Pengujian antioksidan memberikan hasil bahwa sampel memiliki nilai IC50 82,285 µg/mL dengan kategori (kuat) dan nilai Antioxidant Activity Index 0,469 dengan katagori (sedang). Pengujian antiinflamasi berdasarkan analisis SPSS menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan bermakna antara kelompok kontrol negatif dengan kelompok perlakuan Stick Herbal Usada Bali dengan nilai p=0,000 (p<0,05), serta tidak terdapat perbedaan bermakna antara kelompok positif dengan kelompok perlakuan Stick Herbal Usada Bali p=0,222 (p>0,05). Efektivitas antioksidan dan antiinflamasi Stick Herbal Usada Bali dipengaruhi oleh senyawa yang terkandung di dalamnya yaitu flavonoid dan saponin yang diketahui memiliki khasiat sebagai antioksidan dan antiinflamasi. Sehingga, dapat disimpulkan bahwa Stick Herbal Usada Bali berpotensi sebagai alternatif terapi antiinflamasi dan memiliki efektivitas sebagai antioksidan.
Potensi Daun Keji beling (Strobilanthus crispus) sebagai Antibakteri dan Antibiofilm terhadap Bakteri Cutibacterium acnes
Authors: Wijaya Sumi , Kuncahyani Inggar Dwi , Soegianto Lisa
Published: May 2024

Cutibacterium acnes, merupakan salah satu mikroorganisme permanen pada permukaan stratum korneum, dimana populasinya mewakili 20-70% dari mikroorganisme yang banyak ditemukan pada kondisi muka berjerawat. Pembentukan biofilm dari mikroorganisme ini merupakan salah satu faktor yang mengakibatkan obat anti jerawat tidak efektif dalam bekerja. Strobilanthus crispus (keji beling) merupakan salah satu tanaman yang memiliki potensi cukup tinggi dalam pengobatan tradisional, khususnya sebagai antibakteri. Penelitian ini akan menguji kemampuan ekstrak etanol daun keji beling sebagai antibakteri dan antibiofilm terhadap bakteri Cutibacterium acnes. Ekstrak etanol daun keji beling di dapatkan dengan menggunakan metode maserasi dengan pelarut etanol 96%. Metode Difusi Sumuran dengan Diameter Hambat Pertumbuhan (DHP) sebagai parameter pengukuran digunakan sebagai metode pengujian untuk aktivitas antibakteri. Ekstrak etanol daun keji beling pada konsentrasi 50% memberikan DHP 7,21 ± 0,103 mm. Aktivitas antibiofilm diuji dengan menggunakan metode mikrodilusi pada rentang konsentrasi ekstrak 0,06 % - 30%. Hasil menunjukkan 1,88% ekstrak etanol daun keji beling telah mampu memberikan persentase penghambatan pembentukan biofilm sebesar 98,23 ± 0,230%, dimana hasil ini menunjukkan hasil yang tidak berbeda dengan klindamisin 10µg/100µL. Skrinning fitokimia yang dilakukan pada ekstrak etanol daun keji beling menunjukkan adanya flavonoid, alkaloid dan tanin, yang di duga menunjukkan potensi sebagai antibiofilm.
Statistical analysis of storm surge and seiche hazards for Lake Erie
Authors: Ramos-Santiago Efrain , Nadal-Caraballo Norberto , Garcia-Moreno Fabian , Aucoin Luke , Carr Meredith , Yawn Madison , Melby Jeffrey
Published: May 2024

Storm surge and seiche events are generally forced by severe storms, initially resulting in a wind-driven super elevation of water level on one or more sides of a lake (surge) followed by a rebound and periodic oscillation of water levels between opposing sides of the lake (seiche). These events have caused flooding along Lake Erie and significant damages to coastal communities and infrastructure. This study builds upon statistical analysis methods initially developed for the 2012 federal interagency Great Lakes Coastal Flood Study. Using the Coastal Hazards System's stochastic Storm Simulation (StormSim) suite of tools, including the Probabilistic Simulation Technique (PST), and regional frequency model, historical extreme events were assessed in a local frequency analysis and a regional frequency analysis to quantify the annual exceedance frequency (AEF) of WLD events specific to Lake Erie. The objective of this study was to quantify AEFs of storm surge and seiche hazards to provide a better understanding of these events to aid flood mitigation and risk reduction for lakeside properties.
Exploring the Factors Affecting Shared Biking Perception: Insights from Turkey
Authors: Sevil Oflaç Bengü , Özcan Seda
Published: May 2024

Understanding consumer perception regarding shared biking services requires the analysis of psychological factors underlying the late diffusion of shared biking services. This approach alone has the potential to develop new business strategies that better respond to users’ needs and facilitate the spread of these mobility systems. By analyzing the factors influencing consumer perception of shared biking services, survey data from 330 respondents from Turkey were used. A structural equation modeling analysis was conducted to investigate consumer perceptions regarding shared biking through the analysis of psychological factors underlying the late diffusion of shared biking services. The statistical tools SPSS version 28 and AMOS version 28 were employed for data analysis. Findings showed that as consumers perceive shared biking services as useful and hedonic, their attitudes become more favorable. Importantly, highlighting the mediating role of compatibility, this study emphasizes the congruence among shared biking services, consumers’ lifestyles, and their traveling habits. Findings also suggest that the perceived complexity has a negative impact on shared biking attitudes. Interestingly, no significant relationship was found between perceived risk and shared biking attitude. The findings provide further support for innovation diffusion and theory of reasoned action, and developed a theoretical framework integrating variables related to both barriers and drivers, thus guiding future studies on the sharing economy. The study also provides insights with the potential to contribute to the development of service design and service marketing strategies that respond better to users’ needs, and also, to facilitate the spread of these mobility systems.
EXAMINING THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN VIOLENCE AGAINST HEALTHCARE WORKERS AND THEIR LEVELS OF EXHAUSTION, CONFIDENCE AND SAFETY
Authors: Celbiş Bahar , Özaydın Özlem
Published: May 2024

Background: This study aims to determine the relationship between violence against healthcare workers and their burnout, confidence, and safety levels.
Methods: The descriptive and cross-sectional study sample consisted of 535 healthcare workers working in a foundation hospital. Data were collected through a questionnaire. The questionnaire included demographic questions, research questions about violence, "Safety and Confidence Scale of Healthcare Professionals" and "Maslach Burnout Scale." Student's t, Mann Whitney-u, Kruskal-Wallis, Chi-Square, Pearson Correlation, and Linear Regression tests were applied. Statistical significance was accepted as 0.05.
Findings: The majority of the participants were female, between the ages of 26-35, single, and had an associate degree. The perceived safety level of those exposed to violence decreases (p
Effect Altsoam and add ammonium chloride and sodium Pkarbinat in some drinking water productivity and physiological traits of male chicken meat thermally stressful
Authors: Ebrahiem Dyaa Khalel , Al-Hassani Dyaa Hasan , Al-Obadi Ahmed Senan
Published: May 2024

The use of male mothers fur c meat Fabro to learn Effect concentrations of ammonium chloride NH4CL and Bacarbonnat sodium NaHCO3 in drinking water by heat stress and Altsoam during heat stress on some of the qualities of productivity and Alvesrgih divided animals to 6 transactions, namely: - control without adding NH4CL, NaHCO3 and Altsoam (treatment 1) Altsoam-1200 of 7-4 weeks old chicken meat to heat patrol 25-34-25 .. 7 weeks old Weight was measured gravimetric vivo increase feed consumption
Use special Erwa to determine the number of live bacteria in different models
Authors: Al-Khfaji Zahra Mahmmod , Al-Salmani Mostafa S.
Published: May 2024

Used in the study especially calibrated Erwa to determine the number of neighborhood or the Alayoshi number of bacteria in the count modeling and casting method dishes in addition to using the drop method yielded significant results for a match between the methods used ..
Some machnical and thermal proprties of mullite prepared from iraqi starting materials
Authors: Sheet Salah Abdul Wahab
Published: May 2024

Some mechanical and thermal properties of mullite samples prepared by mixing different phases of alumina and silica powders have been studied according to ASTM methods the cold crushing strength of the sintcred bodies.With different porosity, at room temperature was in the range(18-54)Mpa
On some types of almost periodic point in Bi-Topological dynamcs
Authors: Al-kutaibi S.H , AL-Nasiri I.M.
Published: May 2024

In this paper We introduce some new types of almost bi-periodic points in topological bitransfprmation groups and thier effects on some types of minimaliy in topological dynamics
Antimutagenicity of arugula(Eruca sativa) and carrot
Authors: Khalaf Elham Abdul Hadi , Al-Khfaji Zahra M. , Al-Slmani Mostafa Sami
Published: May 2024

Been studying the opposite effect of mutagenesis to juice plant watercress and compared juice carrots to induce mutations resistant Struptomaysan Palmtafr (NTG) and transactions as diverse as the use of juice before treatment Palmtafr or after using Almtafr or with Almtafr using system mutagenesis Bactra consisting of three isolates G3, G12, G27 are very sensitive to Struptomaysanstudy resulted in a user juice plants had no effect on the neighborhood number of isolates, but its effect on the watercress was clear
the effect of ethanol on the level of sialic acid in the brain
Authors: Fawzi Linda Slaah Al-Dien , Faza Nadeer Abood
Published: May 2024

The study dosage ethanol in the total content of acid sialic TC and acid sialic associated fat (LBSA) in blood serum and congener brain Dkor Jerd eggs study included dosage 20 animals of male rat Ald ethanol daily for a period of four weeks and concentrations 20% and 30%, 40%, 50% and size of dose 5mlThe results of the study showed that levels of TSA homogeneous in the brain and blood serum significantly reduced Ankhvaza
preparation of some diamidophosphoric acid derivitives
Authors: Mohammed AbedAllah THabet , Al-Alwani THamer Abdul-Hamza Mohammed
Published: May 2024

Reacts compound C6H5PO2Cl2 with Secretary secondary R2NH at room temperature by Mulet 2:1 and using chloroform as a solvent in dry conditions to form composite 2HCl and the interaction of compound solution of sodium hydroxide and potassium by Mulet 3:1 salt was prepared
Serum total sialic acid levels as an indicator
Authors: Salaiman Ghassan M. , Abid Haider S. , Al-Zaidy Majid S.J
Published: May 2024

Forty patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia(ALL) were tested for the serum levels of total sialic acid(TSA) and the immunoglobulins before and after treatnemnt with six diffrent chemotherapy protocols while significantly
Oscillation of the per capita growth rate
Authors: Mahmood Adil , Mohamad Hussain A. , Tawfiq Njlaa I
Published: May 2024

in this paper cquations of the per capita growth rate are considered sufficient conditions for oscillation of all solutions are obtained the asymptotie behavior of the nonoscillatory solution of all souliotions are obtained
Zebra Mussel Dreissena polymorpha a pest infesting the electricity
Authors: Al-Rawy Tariq Rashad
Published: May 2024

The oyster ??????? (planned) (Pallas) of lesions that have entered Iraq recently became spyware severe damage in more than a station from power plants in Iraq, including the power plant in Mussayab Vamahar accumulates in pipes cooling and disrupts their work Vtafrtf heat systems cooling and thereby determiningefficiency and lead to added cost many cleaning or replacement of damaged parts
Study the effect of aqueous extract of Yas Rue on the types of bacteria isolated from wounds and burns
Authors: Al-Jbori Sinaa Waleed , Al-Athath Ahmeed Yousif , Al-Hadi Estabraq Abdul , Al-Wahab Eftkhar Abdul
Published: May 2024

The current study was conducted to determine the sensitivity of some pathogenic bacterial isolates isolated from wounds and burns water toward the disposer of the Yas Rue tested five crude bacterial isolates isolated from wounds and burns which these isolates sensitive to aqueous extract crude
Impact of geometric factor in accumulation factor measurements of gamma rays
Authors: Yasien Samer Khader , Al-Ani Laith Abd Al-Aziz Abas
Published: May 2024

In this research a study process to calculate the factor accumulation of gamma rays for aluminum and exporters cobalt 60 Mika Atktron volts and actively radiation Vdrh 1.406 Mika Bq been studying the effect of the angle of reimbursement and the distance between the shield and detector In measurements factor accumulation Adhrt results in line with the theoretical results published
The impact of volatile oils of three medicinal plants on the bacteria isolated from patients with tonsillitis
Authors: Al-Kanzawi Faten Hamadan , Al-Mosawi Ali H. , Al-Mola Raad Mehseen
Published: May 2024

Were collected three types of medicinal plants from their natural habitat after Astkhalasalziot volatile manner steam distillation and determine the quality and quantity of vehicles chemical for each of the oils obtained using a technique JC discouraged when you merge oily thyme and lemon grass against bacteria either when using oils in three did not have a different effect
A new approach for the topical treatment of acne vulgaris by clindamycin HCL supported on kalion
Authors: Hussein Hussein K.A , Isa Saadon A. , Jasim Samir M.
Published: May 2024

Has been studied both processes Almetzaz and extortion of a substance Alklanda Maysan different amounts of Alcaúlan Guy 70% alcohol solution using the method when the wavelength
Health Assessment and unhealthy eating habits for children nurseries in the city of Baghdad
Authors: Al-Temimi Salem Saleh , Fakhar al-Deen Fatin , Monki Nadia H
Published: May 2024

This study was conducted to identify the health status of children's nurseries in the city of Baghdad and to identify improper dietary habits practiced by these children have shown the results of this study that the same proportion of childhood diarrhea disease research and infections
Study to modify the fat cow's milk for children and infants
Authors: Al-Amery Ammer M.A
Published: May 2024

This study Ajert to modify the chemical composition of milk fat cows and make it similar to the installation of milk fat mother through the addition of protein and soybean oil to be given Alkhltatnsp sensory protein that the best plan is the ratio of 1:1
Relationship of blood groups in humans and skin infection leishmaniasis
Authors: Al-Mashhdani Wedad Joma Hamed , Al-Shnoy Fawozia A. , Kado Ebrahim Kadory
Published: May 2024

I have studied the relationship between blood groups in humans and disease Cutaneous injury for the first time in Iraq study showed the presence of a significant statistical relationship between them leather Bmsoy in hospitals in Baghdad and its suburbs
Solution of Variavle Delay integral eqiations using Variational approach
Authors: Latiff Thekra Abdul
Published: May 2024

The main objective of this research is to use the methods of calculus ???????? solving integral equations Altbataah When McCann slowdown is a function of time as the integral equation used in this research is a kind of Volterra
the photoconductive properties of pbxs1-x films
Authors: Adam K A
Published: May 2024

Optical detector was manufactured Bashaddam thermal evaporation technique at room temperature under pressure rays studied characteristics of reactive Scout efficiency quantitative ratio of the signal and the ability equivalent to noise
Production of protease, an analyst for the blood clot from a variety of fungal isolates / 1 rating fungal isolates and agricultural circles
Authors: Al-Jbori Mona Hammodi , Hassan Abdullah Al-Kareem , Al-Ani Saod Rashid
Published: May 2024

House 21 fungal isolates fungus to the analyst Albroca output of manufactured blood clot from the Blama human blood showed positive fungi to test analyzes blood clot variation in times where decomposition recorded fungi
Growth and development of the leishmaniasis parasite in insect Aharms
Authors: Al-Mashhdani Wedad Joma Hamed
Published: May 2024

The parasite Alchammannia Aaúlan Ahdma backbone and the other for Avgari and moves them alternately Vafiqra is Alannsan and Allbaún and other either Allavgari is an insect Aharms or sand fly of the genus deployed in the ancient world is different form the parasite and installed Albayukimaaúa in each of the Family is so when transmitted from host to another passes stages growth
The impact of the use of pulverized black bean and fat in homemade bread mix in the quality and attributes Alkhoznip
Authors: Allah Maryam Mal
Published: May 2024

Factory is trotting home favorite of of Aeidid of Iraqi families since he Amta imparted to the taste of the housewife on the method of processing and preparation and the possibility of using some of the ingredients to raise the nutritional value of meat, sesame and other, but how keep Bz'zajh this product Atne storage
Mathematical treatment for solition-soliton interactions in mono-mode optical fiber
Authors: Al-Dabagh S.Y , Al-Ethawi A.S. , Al-Namee K.A
Published: May 2024

There are many images you need to large Khneh space With the continued evolution of storage technology for computers, there is a continuing need and are required to reduce Alkhoznip space Pictures Zguet pictures in a good way, the way conversion Alamueja to Purifiers
carcinogenicity of cadmium chloride via intraoeritoneal injection in albino rats
Authors: Al-Kaisie Al-Kaisie B.I , Al-Mussawei M.T , M Maccawei T.
Published: May 2024

Observed visually prominent lumps on the surface of the lung or embedded in lung tissue and microscopically Register Anfaj thrombosis with pulmonary carcinoma that took shape food or with the composition of the vesicles papillomavirus lining cells cubic vertical or connective tissue and increase
Newly Developed System For The Analysis Of Micro Quantites Of Molybdenum (VI) Using Flow Injection Analysis
Authors: AL-Bdree Shrooq. B.S.
Published: May 2024

New microphotometer was constructed in our Laboratory Which deals with the determination of Molybdenum (VI) through its Catalysis effect on Hydrogen peroxide and potasum iodide Reaction in acid medium H2SO4 0.01 mM. Linearity of 97.3% for the range 5- 100 ppm. The repeatability of result was better than 0.8 % 0.5 ppm was obtanined as L.U. (The method applied for the determination of Molybdenum (VI) in medicinal Sample (centrum). The determination was compared well with the developed method the conventional method.
Development and validation of a mobile health application usability scale for older adults with chronic diseases
Authors: Yu Hongyu , Qiu Weiyu , Wang Yanfeng , Wu Qingyang , Hu Ke , Ye Qiuyun , Yang Qiaohong
Published: May 2024

Background
Chronic diseases are one of the leading causes of disability and death in people over 60 years old. Mobile health applications can revolutionize healthcare delivery and management of chronic conditions and reduce healthcare costs. Unfortunately, many of these applications are not designed for elderly patients with chronic diseases. Therefore, it is crucial to create a reliable and specialized tool that developers and researchers can use to assess the usability of mobile (mHealth) applications designed specifically for elderly patients.
Objective
To develop and validate a mHealth application usability evaluation scale for elderly patients with chronic diseases.
Methods
We developed the first edition of the scale from March to September 2022 through literature review, interview, team discussion, and the Delphi method. Between October and December 2022, the improved scale after a pilot test was used to conduct surveys in Guangzhou, Guangdong, China, to analyze and screen items using the Item Discrimination Index, Correlation coefficient, Internal consistency test, and exploratory factor analysis. From October 2022 to February 2023, we completed the data collection and evaluation of the reliability and validity of the scale.
Results
The finalized scale included six dimensions and 23 items. Item-level content validity indices and the average scale content validity index ranged from 0.85–1. The validation evaluation showed that the scale has a good fit, with a χ2/df ratio of 1.728 and various fit indices ranging from 0.817–0.928. The values of Average Variance extraction and Composite Reliability also met the recommended criteria, with a value greater than 0.4 and 0.6, respectively. Additionally, the Cronbach's α coefficient for the full scale and subscales ranged from 0.758–0.911, indicating good internal consistency.
Conclusions
The usability scale for elderly patients with chronic diseases is a reliable and valid instrument. It fills gaps in existing tools, offering a comprehensive assessment of mHealth app usability among target audience. It has the potential to improve mHealth app design and promote age-appropriateness of healthcare delivery.
Hepatitis B Surface Antigen Reverse Seroconversion after Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation According to Baseline Serological Markers and Vaccination Status: A Single-Center Database Analysis
Authors: Kang Soo Young , Ko Heejoo , Lee Raeseok , Park Sung-Soo , Han Seunghoon
Published: May 2024

Purpose
Hepatitis B is a major prognostic factor after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Currently, there is a lack of consensus on the management of the broader spectrum of situations that can lead to reverse seroconversion of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg-RS). Here, we focused on HBsAg-RS, a warning sign of active hepatitis development, and sought to obtain exploratory information on patient and treatment factors associated with it.
Methods
We conducted a single-center retrospective study using clinical data extracted from the electronic medical records of Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, Korea. Patients who underwent HSCT between January 2013 and December 2018 and were hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg)-negative before HSCT were included. The associations of HBsAg-RS with demographic information, baseline hepatitis B serologic markers, and vaccination status were statistically analyzed.
Results
This study included 1,344 patients, of whom 83.3% tested positive for hepatitis B surface antibody (HBsAb) at the time of HSCT. HBsAg-RS occurred in 2.2% of HBsAb-negative patients and 3.0% of HBsAb-positive patients, indicating no significant difference in reactivation rates by HBsAb status. However, testing positive for the hepatitis B core antibody (HBcAb) was significantly associated with hepatitis B virus reactivation (HBsAg-RS rate, 8.0%). Vaccination rates were highest in patients who were negative for both HBsAb and HBcAb, and they had a transient protective effect.
Conclusion
The adequate patient population analyzed allowed us to identify an association between baseline HBcAb positivity and the development of HBsAg-RS. The need for prospective studies on appropriate vaccination methods to prevent HBsAg-RS is suggested.
WITHDRAWN: Analysis of risk factors associated with unfavorable response to treatments in rifampicin-sensitive pulmonary tuberculosis patients
Authors: Lv Luyi , Ye Ling , Lan Jianhua , Fang Min , Wang Tao , Wu Zhiyu , Wu Shugen , Lu Weili , Peng Chunxian , Lu Tao
Published: May 2024

The full text of this preprint has been withdrawn, as it was submitted in error. Therefore, the authors do not wish this work to be cited as a reference. Questions should be directed to the corresponding author.
Analysis of hospitalization expenditures and influencing factors for inpatients with chronic bronchitis based on SHA2011 in Anhui,China
Authors: Guo Mengzi , Li Zihang , Song Tianyu , Ma Rongfei , Lv Bangliang , Tang Zhiru
Published: May 2024

This study compares the hospitalization expenses of patients with chronic bronchitis in A province to estimate the economic burden of the family. Our data included hospitalization records of 30,341 patients with chronic bronchitis from five urban general hospitals in A province. Descriptive statistics and regression analysis were used to explore the relevant factors affecting hospitalization expenses.This study shows that from 2016 to 2019, the medical expenditure of patients with chronic bronchitis increased year by year, with an average annual growth rate of 22%. Among all kinds of expenses, the hospitalization expenses, drug expenses, bed expenses, laboratory expenses and other expenses paid by urban employee medical insurance and public insurance are higher than other types of medical insurance. The treatment fees and nursing fees paid by public insurance are also higher than other medical insurance, and the inspection fees of commercial insurance are lower than other types of insurance. At the same time, the length of hospitalization of public insurance is also longer than that of other types of medical insurance. Between 2016 and 2019, the average medical expenses per patient with chronic bronchitis increased by 0.44 times, with the highest average medical expenses among patients aged 60–70. When the number of service days is between 5–10 days, the average medical expenditure is the highest. Extending the service level will lead to an increase in patients ' medical expenses.Patients with chronic bronchitis and their families and society are experiencing heavy economic pressures. The results of our study showed that there was a significant increase in medical expenses for patients with chronic bronchitis from 2015 to 2020.
Study of Age Related Changes in the Physicochemical Properties of Cocamidopropyl Betaine (CAPB), Observations from an Industrialization Case Study
Authors: Mahmoud Noor eldin , Rashed Mohamed S. , AlRashidi Bandar M.
Published: May 2024

Cocamidopropyl betaine is a synthetic surfactant derived from the reaction between coconut oil fatty acids and dimethylaminopropylamine, yielding a mixture of amidoamine betaine closely related to organic compounds. This work aims to study the effect of aging related changes on the physicochemical properties of cocamidopropyl betaine. Four batches of cocamidopropyl betaine (30% active) were manufactured using a two-step batch process: condensation reaction and quaternization reaction process. The physicochemical properties such as pH value, solid content (NVM), sodium chloride content, and H2O2 content of CAPB-betaine were studied over a period of 12 months. Additional confirmation tests were conducted using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis to verify that there were no changes in the chemical structure of CAPB-betaine (Batch #1) over 12 months. The results showed that the physicochemical properties for four batches had similar readings value over the age period. The analysis revealed that the physicochemical properties of the four batches remained relatively consistent throughout the aging period. The readings obtained for pH value, solid content, sodium chloride content, and free amidoamine content showed minimal variation across the batches over the course of the study. This indicates that the batches maintained their stability and reliability over the 12-month period.
Effect of a novel spatial-temporal computer-aided detection system on adenoma detection during colonoscopy: A multicenter, randomized controlled trial
Authors: Wang Pengju , Li Longsong , Rong Long , Jin Peng , Zhang Wenhui , Zhang Bo , Tao Yurong , Ma Li , Wang Chunyan , Zhao Can , Geng Zihui , Cheng Yaxuan , Meng Fanqi , Xiao Wen , Linghu Enqiang , Chai Ningli
Published: May 2024

Background
Most computer-aided detection (CADe) systems depend on the spatial information from static images rendering them unreliable for real-time diagnosis. This research aims to assess the performance of a novel spatial-temporal CADe system.
Methods
This randomized study recruited patients 18 years or older scheduled for colonoscopy at four endoscopy centers from June 2023 to September 2023. Participants were randomly assigned to receive CADe colonoscopy or conventional colonoscopy. The primary outcome was ADR. Furthermore, the correlation between endoscopists’ acceptance rate of the CADe system and ADR was observed.
Results
Among 3317 patients, the ADR was 32.1% in the CADe group and 24.7% in the control group (P < 0.001). The CADe group detected significantly more adenomas < 10 mm and flat-type adenomas [(23.3% vs. 18.4%, P = 0.001) and (15.5% vs. 9.9%, P = 0.001), respectively]. In addition, a significant correlation (r = 0.916, P < 0.001) was observed between the grit score and ADR with the CADe system.
Conclusion
The spatial-temporal CADe system significantly improved overall polyp and adenoma detection, especially for diminutive and flat-type lesions. Moreover, endoscopists with a greater propensity to embrace the CADe system tend to detect a higher proportion of adenomas during colonoscopy.
Research priorities for nurses in antimicrobial stewardship in a middle-income country: a nominal group technique study
Authors: Gusmão Viviane Cristina de Lima , Abraão Ligia Maria , Felix Adriana Maria da Silva , Ciofi-Silva Caroline Lopes , Courtenay Molly , Ness Valerie , Castro-Sanchez Enrique , de Figueiredo Rosely Moralez , Padoveze Maria Clara , group Workshop participants
Published: May 2024

Background Antimicrobial Stewardship Programmes (ASP) have become an important strategy to address antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Despite the increasing number of international publications, identifying the roles played by nurses as part of ASPs, in low and middle-income countries this theme is poorly researched. This study aimed to identify priority research gaps in the Brazilian context on nurses' performance in ASPs from the perspective of nursing professionals and explore the main themes among the ideas generated by these nurses.Methods This was a qualitative study using the modified Nominal Group Technique (mNGT) during a 3-day online workshop. Thematic analysis was performed based on the ideas proposed by the participants after the clarification stage.Results The participants suggested 68 ideas at the first phase. After the idea’s clarification phase, 45 ideas were included in the voting rounds. The ideas prioritized by participants voting addressed: i) attributions and competencies of nurses in the ASP; ii) planning and implementation of ASP nurses' activities, and iii) use of information and communication technologies to assist nurses. The thematic analysis highlighted nine main themes.Conclusions The role of nursing in dealing with AMR and, more directly, its role in ASP are still unknown and under-researched topics in Brazil. The participants identified ideas that were mainly focused on elementary aspects of ASP. These themes should be further studied in the Brazilian context, but may potentially be applicable to other similar socio-economic contexts.
Assessing the Feasibility and Acceptance of the Deaf-in-Touch Everywhere (DITE™) Mobile App: Insights from Healthcare Simulations and Stakeholder Discussions (HEARD Project)
Authors: Ng E-Shuen , Wong Ruo Xian , Fernando Weerahennadige Ninoshka Jonathan Elkan , Dhanoa Amreeta , Ratnasingam Vanassa , Chong Vee Yee , Ng Jennifer , Palanisamy Uma Devi , Jacob Sabrina Anne
Published: May 2024

Background Deaf individuals confront healthcare disparities from communication barriers, aggravated by Deaf culture ignorance and limitations of lip-reading. While medically-trained sign language interpreters (SLIs) offer solutions, shortages persist. Thus, the Deaf in Touch Everywhere (DITE™) app was developed to provide virtual SLI services through teleconferencing. This study investigates the app's feasibility and factors influencing the adaptation and utilization by the stakeholders.Methods This study adheres to the Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Studies (COREQ) guidelines. Participants (≥ 18 years) were purposively sampled and comprised of three stakeholder groups: Malaysian sign language (BIM) users (BNUs), BIM interpreters (JBIMs), and healthcare providers (HCPs). They were involved in simulated medical consultations via video conferencing using the DITE™ app. Following this, three focus group discussions (FGDs) were conducted. Interview questionnaires were designed using the extended Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT); encompassing performance expectancy, effort expectancy, social influence, facilitating conditions, and behavioural intention. Recorded interviews with JBIMs and HCPs were transcribed verbatim, while transcripts from BNUs were derived from video recordings. Results were imported into NVivo 12 software, and thematic analysis was performed.Results Nineteen participants, comprising six BNUs, six JBIMs, and seven HCPs, participated in three FGDs. The findings were categorized according to the five UTAUT categories and were explored within each participant group. Within the performance expectancy, themes relating to the strengths and limitations of DITE app emerged. Effort expectancy themes encompassed adaptation/adjustment, challenges/setbacks, and navigation/interface of the app. Social influence themes included concerns about data privacy/confidentiality, medicolegal acceptance, and encouragement to use app from relevant stakeholders. Facilitating conditions encompassed themes like confidentiality, support availability, prior relationship with interpreters, previous consultation experiences, and familiarity with telecommunication tools. Regarding behavioural intention, themes that emerged were app usage and promotion and comparing telemedicine and face-to-face consultations with DITE app. In addition, limiting conditions and areas for improvement were discussed.Conclusion The DITE app holds the potential to tackle communication barriers between Deaf individuals and HCPs. However, ongoing research, fine-tuning, and strategic deployment are vital to maximize its effectiveness in enhancing healthcare accessibility and outcomes for the Deaf community in Malaysia.
Association between eating alone and motor function among community-dwelling older adults during the COVID-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Mikiya Ryosuke , Momoki Chika , Sawada Yuko , Habu Daiki
Published: May 2024

Background
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has affected the motor function and nutritional status of community-dwelling older adults. The relationship between motor function, depression, and nutritional status during the COVID-19 lockdown period was examined in community-dwelling older adults based on the Motor Fitness Scale (MFS) scores.
Methods
A questionnaire-based survey was conducted among 900 community-dwelling older people aged 65 years and above. Of 400 people who responded to the questionnaire, 66 people with missing MFS responses, 45 people with a Dementia Assessment Sheet for Community-based Integrated Care System 8-items (DASC-8) score of 11 or more, 9 people with neurological and mental problems , and 43 people certified as requiring support or care were excluded. The remaining 237 people (mean age, 73.1±6.0 years) were included for analysis. Based on MFS cutoff points of 11 or less for men and 9 or less for women, the participants were divided into the low MFS group (n=65) and normal MFS group (n=172). Nutritional status was assessed using the mini nutritional assessment, short form (MNA®-SF). Age, gender, household situation, education, eating alone , Geriatric Depression Scale15 (GDS15), and DASC-8 data were collected.
Results
Compared with the normal group, the group with reduced MFS score had a significantly higher proportion of those aged 75 years or older (p=0.001, Cramer’s V=0.215) and those who ate alone (p=0.052, Cramer’s V=0.135). Furthermore, a higher proportion of the participants were at risk of low nutrition. Multivariate logistic regression analysis with lower MFS score as the outcome showed that dietary status: eating alone (odds ratio [OR]: 4.08, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.39–11.99) was independently associated with lower MFS scores. The presence of MNA®-SF risk showed an OR of 2.27 and a 95% CI of 0.96–5.38, but it was not a significant factor.
Conclusions
Eating alone was independently associated with lower MFS scores in community-dwelling older people. To prevent the decline of motor function in older people, attention should be paid to their nutritional status and whether they eat alone or not. This study provides a research direction for surveys to be performed in settings where performing face-to-face surveys is challenging.
Primary Adenocarcinoma of the Spermatic Cord: A Case Report and Review of the Literature
Authors: Sun Qi , Yang Yuan-Zhong , Chen Ya , An Xin , Zhang Yijun
Published: May 2024

Background
Primary malignant neoplasms of the spermatic cord are extremely rare, with most reported cases being sarcomas or metastatic carcinomas. However, primary adenocarcinoma of the spermatic cord has not been previously reported.
Case presentation:
A 34-year-old male with a solid mass in the right spermatic cord, was eventually diagnosed with primary adenocarcinoma. Histological examination revealed a moderately-to-poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma exhibiting glandular, cribriform, or nested growth patterns, characterized by medium to large-sized cells and focal extracellular mucus. Immunohistochemical analysis demonstrated positive staining for CK (AE1/AE3), CK8/18, CK19, MOC31 (EP-CAM), and Ber-EP4, while negative staining was observed for CK7, D2-40, WT-1, MC, PAX-8, NKX3.1, PSA, CEA, TTF-1, and NapsinA. Furthermore, a complete loss of INI-1 expression and consistent BRG1 expression were noted in all tumor cells. Next-generation sequencing revealed SMARCB1 deletion, low tumor mutation burden (TMB-L), and microsatellite stability (MSS).
Conclusion
We reported the first case of primary adenocarcinoma of the spermatic cord with SMARCB1 (INI-1) deficiency. This case contributes to the expanding understanding of rare neoplasms and underscores the importance of further research into therapeutic strategies targeting SMARCB1-deficient tumors.
Systems modelling and simulation to guide targeted investments to reduce youth suicide and mental health problems in a low-middle-income country
Authors: Ospina-Pinillos Laura , Skinner Adam , Sánchez-Nítola Mónica Natalí , Shambo-Rodríguez Débora L. , Navarro-Mancilla Alvaro Andrés , Camacho Salvador , Martin Adriane , Restrepo Jose Miguel Uribe , Gomez-Restrepo Carlos , Hickie Ian B , Occhipinti Jo-an
Published: May 2024

Background
Despite suicide's public health significance and global mental health awareness, current suicide prevention efforts show limited impact, posing a challenge for low and middle Income countries (LMICS). This study aimed to develop a dynamic simulation model that could be used to examine the potential effectiveness of alternative interventions for reducing youth mental health problems and suicidal behavior in Bogotá, Colombia.​
Methods
A system dynamics model was designed using a participatory approach involving three workshops conducted in 2021 and 2022. These workshops engaged 78 stakeholders from various health and social sectors to map key mental health outcomes and influential factors affecting them. A model was subsequently developed, tested, and presented to the participants for interactive feedback, guided by a moderator. Simulation analyses were conducted to compare projected mental health outcomes for a range of intervention scenarios with projections for a reference scenario corresponding to business-as-usual.
Results
A total of 6,670 suicide attempts and 347 suicides are projected among 7 − 17-year-olds from January 1, 2023, to early 2031 under the business-as-usual scenario. Mental health issues among 12-17-year-olds are projected to increase from 18·9% (2023) to 27·8% (2031), and substance use issues from 2·29% to 2·49% over the same period. School-based suicide prevention and gatekeeper training are the most effective strategies, reducing total numbers of suicide attempts and suicides by more than 20% (i.e., compared to business-as-usual). However, discontinuous funding significantly hinders these effective suicide prevention efforts.
Conclusion
Systems modeling is an important tool for understanding where best strategic financial and political investments lie for improving youth mental health in resource constrained settings.
Adult Medulloblastoma: Clinico-molecular Spectrum, An Institutional Experience
Authors: Adhvaryu Vishesha , Gurav Mamta , Deshpande Gauri , Rumde Rachna , Shetty Omshree , Sahay Ayushi , Sahu Arpita , Dasgupta Archya , Chatterji Abhishek , Gupta Tejpal , Shetty Prakash , Moiyadi Aliasgar , Epari Sridhar
Published: May 2024

Medulloblastoma (MB) is uncommon and molecularly lesser known in adults than their pediatric counterparts.
Purpose: To describe the clinic-pathological and molecular characteristics of MB in adults. Methods: We reviewed the clinical, histopathological, and molecular features of 113 cases of MB in patients >18 years of age. Molecular grouping (WNT-activated, SHH-activated, non-WNT/non-SHH, group 3 & non-WNT/non-SHH, group 4) was done by gene expression profiling (GEP).
Results: Age range was 19-59 years. The most common histology was classic (51.3%), followed by desmoplastic/nodular (D/N) (23.9%), NOS (12.4%), paucinodular (7%), and large cell/anaplastic (LC/A) (5.4%). The most common molecular group was SHH-activated (64.8%), followed by WNT-activated (14.3%), non-WNT/non-SHH group 4 (9.9%), and group 3 (3.3%). All D/N cases were SHH; while LCA had SHH, WNT and group 3. p53-mutant pattern of immunopositivity was observed in 6.6% (3 – SHH; 1- WNT; 1- group 3). Within the SHH group, p53 mutant pattern was noted in 5 cases and one case was MYCN-amplified. Disease progression was observed in 40% of SHH cases. In WNT, both monosomy 6 and CTNNB1 mutation were seen in 3 and 3 cases each had an isolated alteration. Anaplastic histology and TP53 mutation did not affect survival of WNT.
Conclusion: SHH-MB is the most common group and group 3, though rare, is not non-existent in adults.