bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A systematic approach to history comprehension: debating reflections of some multilateral problem aspects in lapidary presentation
Authors: Ippolitov Georgy Mikhailovich
Published: December 2020

In this paper the author has made an attempt to research and discuss some aspects of such a complex and multilateral problem - a systematic approach to the knowledge of history. The style of presentation is lapidary with elements of conspectus. The author of the paper considers a fundamental postulate of the systemic nature of the object and subject of the study, shows a complexity of the subject and object distinction in historical science and their linking by means of a systematic approach. The author shows that in order to identify the elements of the system (in particular the structural relationships within it) particularly careful attention should be given to the recognizing of factors (both objective and subjective) that affect the constructed system. The author states that the development of new properties of the system elements reaches at a certain moment the extent and level that lead to a change in the inner nature of these items. As a result of this process the new quality of these elements is generated there. It appears to be the crisis of the system. The paper is provided with extensive references to the literature, which analyze general philosophical aspects of a systematic approach to the knowledge of history. The paper also contains some examples of the authors research practice.
Philosophizing as a pedagogical technique: European and Russian experience
Authors: Bakshutova Ekaterina Valerievna
Published: December 2020

The following paper assumes and proves that philosophizing is one of the most effective pedagogical technologies for the development of the individual and society, which actualizes the possibility and ability to generate new knowledge about the world and man, which, in turn, largely determine the human worthiness of intellectual and real social communications, including educational ones. It is shown that knowledge brings tangible benefits when it becomes an object and a part of public intellectual communication, including philosophy, pedagogy and social practices. The authors interpretation of the history of philosophizing in topos of intellectual discussions is presented: the city - the monastery - the city - the university, the comparative analysis of the philosophizing principles of the western and Russian philosophical schools is generalized. The specifics of philosophizing in the Russian intellectual space, including the educational one, are revealed, its exclusion from the school and university into free creative communities - a circle or salon. Differences in the pedagogical orientation of European and Russian philosophical schools and traditions are described, when in the European experience tops acted as learners, and in Russia philosophizing as a pedagogical technology in the XIX - early XX centuries was oriented to bottoms, but in any case it was always practical. The assumption is made that in both cases the limitation of the educational audience is unnecessary, which is especially evident in the current conditions of the accessibility of education, from which quite often free philosophizing is emasculated.
Organizational skills development in the sphere of entrepreneurial activity of penitentiary system prospective employees
Authors: Yezhova Olesya Nikolaevna , Ulendeeva Natalia Ivanovna
Published: December 2020

The paper analyzes conditions and requirements for production activities organization at penitentiary system institutions at the present stage of social and economic relations development that imply the necessity for entrepreneurial activities organizational skills. The authors consider approaches to the definition of entrepreneurial activity organizational abilities and their own definition of this concept is given through the individual psychological characteristics of the individual that is necessary for successful productive activities organization that involves effective production resources and factors use to achieve economic goals. For effective professional competencies development in the field of production the authors propose to identify the composition and structure of cadets and students organizational abilities, including cognitive, emotional-volitional and behavioral components. They suggest organizing educational process of Economics and Fundamentals of Management in Law Enforcement students that could study nature and structure of production relations in the penal correction system, identify mechanisms, conditions and factors for convicts professional resources management. In elective classes the authors propose to introduce technology of organizational skills development in entrepreneurial activity through a practice-oriented model of training, which assumes the inter-faculty nature of education where the educational process has a continuous formative character. At the training sessions the authors propose to use integrated tasks that develop cognitive component of organizational abilities in business activity among cadets.
The unity of moral and aesthetic education of prospective teacher-designers
Authors: Statsenko Elena Rudolfovna
Published: December 2020

In the paper the problem of university students education is considered to be an urgent social and pedagogical problem. The authors think that it is important to combine moral, aesthetic, labor, physical, etc education in the educational process of a higher education institution. The importance of moral and ethical education of prospective teacher-designers is substantiated. The relationship between Good and Beauty is revealed as the value basis for moral and aesthetic education. Students moral qualities development, their aesthetic tastes and ideals development correlates with the development of the value sphere of their consciousness. The process of university students education is seen as their involvement in values. The authors prove that the unity of moral and aesthetic education of students - prospective teachers of design - is a complementary process of their involvement in moral and aesthetic values, when, regardless of a particular situation, moral values are meaningfully complemented by aesthetic ones while aesthetic values - by moral ones. The authors think that an effective means of moral and aesthetic education of university students is art as creative reflection, reproduction of reality in artistic images. The paper contains methods of moral and aesthetic education: talk, discussion, debate, ethical dialogue (classroom work); reading conference, viewing and subsequent analysis of movies, organizing amateur performances, excursions, etc. (extracurricular work).
Cross-disciplinary integration as a high intensity method of gifted students’ training
Authors: Timoschuk Nina Alexandrovna , Mikhelkevich Valentin Nicolaevich , Ryabinova Elena Nicolaevna
Published: December 2020

The paper contains successful pedagogical experience of Samara State Technical University in the field of exceptional childrens advanced and accelerated training. On the basis of this experience possibilities of the advanced and accelerated training are analyzed. This kind of training is considered to be one of the most effective ways of gifted youths development. On the basis of the available theoretical and practical experience the authors note that technical universities with their multilevel structures of higher education can become very effective intellectual centers of the integrated systems of continuous education, including various educational institutions of pre-university and additional postgraduate training. The paper contains experience of an integrated educational system of continuous and differentiated (on abilities) education School - HEI in homogeneous groups. It is shown that training of gifted students in groups with equal mental capacities favorably influences their self-assessment and they in such situation should study wholeheartedly forces, feeling continuous stimulation from schoolmates. Characteristics of capacity of the academic college as the associated educational institution of the new type functioning on the basis of organizational and methodical merging of the university and school and at the same time being structural division of both founders are given as an example. It is noted that the considered models of structures of the integrated educational systems possess various degree of intensity of training, in communication with what rationing of average loading of students in the academic college acquires the special importance and relevance. Proceeding from the standard maximum permissible week educational loading of the young man caused by his psychophysiological opportunities, social conditions and cultural requirements the technique of her flexible rationing which efficiency is confirmed with long-term monitoring of the graduates of the academic college who have become subsequently successful scientists, inventors, experts is described.
Development of personal forms of students’ moral consciousness as an idea of personally oriented education
Authors: Tsepkova Anzhelika Nicolaevna
Published: December 2020

The paper justifies that a personally oriented educational model is one of the ways of solving a problem of students personality development. The author explains the reasons for the declarative nature of personally oriented education in modern schools: classical foundations of the traditional educational paradigm, transformation of education into service and incorrect understanding of personally oriented education by teachers. The author reveals the role of future teachers orientation on implementation of personally oriented education. The author considers development of personal forms of students moral consciousness as an idea of personally oriented education. Special value of consciousness personal forms is proved. The author shows that specific personal forms of teachers moral consciousness can be presented as personal forms of students moral consciousness. The paper contains the essence of personal forms of students moral consciousness. Such personal forms of moral consciousness as kindness, dignity, mercy, responsibility, etc. are necessary for a student to build value judgments as well as for assessment which is the starting point for the spiritual and practical mastering of the world.
Ecological-geochemical assessment of the Sorochinskie Mountains soils (Samara Region)
Authors: Prokhorova Nataliya Vladimirovna , Golovlyov Aleksey Alekseevich , Makarova Yulia Vladimirovna
Published: December 2020

In this paper we first explain the trivial geographic name Sorochinskie Mountains, introduced into scientific circulation with the aim of more accurately linking natural (botanical, zoological, soil, geological-geomorphological) objects and etalon areas to a specific locality. Then we describe the types of anthropogenic impact that manifested themselves in different historical periods and allow evaluating modern ecological-geochemical state of the Sorochinskie Mountains soil cover. In the main part of the paper we report about ecology-geochemical research of soils conducted in 2015 in the Sorochinskie Mountains, during which the etalon areas within the main plant communities (birch forest, maple forest, aspen forest, stony steppe, maple oak forest) were laid. Samples of soils were taken from each etalon area to determine the amount of humus, the reaction of the soil solution (pH), and the content of heavy metals (Cu, Zn, Pb, Cd) by the atomic absorption method. As a result of the conducted studies it was established that the soils of the etalon areas of the Sorochinskie Mountains are characterized by a weakly acid or close to neutral reaction and a higher content of humus than the data available in literature. The ecological-geochemical feature of soils is their considerable enrichment of Zn, the level of which in all etalon areas significantly exceeds the local and regional background, in etalon areas of birch forest, maple forest and aspen forest approximately permissible concentrations (APC). To a lesser extent the soils of the Sorochinskie Mountains accumulate Cu and Pb, the content of which exceeds the regional background, but basically does not reach the level of the APC. The concentration of Cd in soils is also below the dangerous level, but in birch forest and aspen forest it considerably exceeds the local and regional background. In general, the most contaminated with heavy metals are the soils of birch forest, maple forest and aspen forest. The soils of the maple oak forest and stony steppe, lying at a distance from the places of passage of unpaved highways, have a lower level of accumulation of heavy metals. Sources of heavy metals in the soils of the Sorochinskie Mountains are soil formation rocks and man-made streams formed by industrial objects and urban vehicles.
Changes of the intestinal microbiota during chronic alcohol intake
Authors: Yakovlev Anatoly Trofimovich , Poroysky Sergey Viktorovich , Knyshova Liliya Petrovna , Morkovin Evgeny Igorevich
Published: December 2020

This paper examines the influence of chronic alcoholic intoxication on the qualitative and quantitative composition of the intestinal microbiota in patients with syndrome of alcohol dependence. The authors describe chronic alcoholic intoxication, accompanied by significant violations of homeostasis, which is manifested by changes in protein, carbohydrate, lipid, and mineral metabolism. The authors examine the role of alcohol as one of the main factors that affect dysbiotic shifts in the normal microbiota of human intestines. The paper presents the results of the comparison found earlier in the course of experimental work, significant changes of the intestinal microbiota of rats subjected to chronic alcoholism and clinical results of the study of the microbial landscape in patients with syndrome of alcohol dependence. The authors established that under the influence of alcohol there is a statistically significant reduction in saccharolytic microbiota. The obtained data are a part of a clinic-experimental study of changes in the state of resistance of the organism exposed to the chronic effects of alcohol and can serve as a basis for further study of the intestinal microbiota changes, which is an important component of a personalized approach to the definition of tactics of treatment and rehabilitation of people with the syndrome of alcohol dependence.
Fate and scientific path of the archaeologist Vladimir Ivanovich Timofeyev (14.06.1947-08.08.2004)
Authors: Vasilyev Sergey Alexandrovitch , Vseviov Lev Mikhailovitch , Vybornov Alexander Alexeevich , Gerasimov Dmitriy Vladimirovitch , Medvedeva Mariya Vladimirovna , Shumkin Vladimir Yakovlevitch
Published: December 2020

Born in the Murmansk Oblast, Vladimir Ivanovich Timofeyev lived a short but bright and creative life full of scientific research and achievements. As far as studying at the department of Archaeology of Leningrad State University, he chose the Holocene Stone Age as the topic for his research, to which he remained faithful up to the end of life. Working his way up from a laboratory assistant to the head of the Paleolithic Department of Leningrad Institute of Archaeology within the Academy of Science USSR-Institute for the Material Culture History of Russian Academy of Sciences, he proved himself as a purposeful, highly educated specialist who had extensive knowledge in field research, scientific methods and archaeological theory. Excellent memory, analytical abilities and diligence of Vladimir Ivanovich were noted by all colleagues and friends, both Russian and foreign ones, during expeditions and at conferences. The deserved recognition of Vladimir Ivanovich as the greatest expert of the Neolithic Age is unquestionable and it was about to be developed in doctoral thesis. Full sections of this work were discussed many times at the meetings of the Paleolithic Department and the Academic Council of Institute for the Material Culture and always received the highest appreciation. Unfortunately, a tragic accident cut short the life path of a first-class archaeologist and Vladimir Ivanovich Timofeevs extensive final research devoted to a wide range of Neolithic problems was never completed. Almost 13 years have elapsed since the untimely passing of this talented scientist but the bitterness of loss does not become weaker.
Early ceramic complexes of Volgo-Kama culture (Lyovshino site case study)
Authors: Lychagina Evgenia Leonidovna , Batueva Nadezhda Sergeevna
Published: December 2020

Lyovshino site was the first Neolithic settlement discovered on the territory of the Upper and Middle Kama. Its research was carried out in the 192030s. N.A. Prokoshev found weakly ornamented and non-ornamented pottery during excavations in 1934. Now, these potteries are considered as related to the early stage of the Volgo-Kama culture. We conducted a technical and technological analyses of fragments of 10 vessels of the Lyovshino site. The results of the technical and technological analyses of weakly ornamented and non-ornamented pottery of the Lyovshino site are presented in the article. Pottery has very old AMS-dates (7748 51 and 7610 40 BP). These dates are synchronous to elshanskaya culture age. We consider that in the formation of ceramic complex of the Lyovshino site two components took part. The first can be related to second pottery group of elshanskaya culture; the sources of the second need additional studies.
Pottery technology of the Early Neolithic population Podon'ya
Authors: Vasilyeva Irina Nikolaevna
Published: December 2020

The paper publishes the long-term study results of the Early Neolithic population pottery technology in the Lower, Middle and Upper Don Region. This research was carried out within the framework of the historical and cultural approach by the method of A.A. Bobrinsky. It was based on binocular microscopy, traceology and experiment in the form of physical modeling. 483 samples of ceramics (conditionally separate vessels) were subjected to techno-technological analysis. They originate from the cultural layers of the Rakushechny Yar camp (294) and I Razdorskaya site (4), located in the Lower Don region, as well as 14 sites of the Middle and Upper Don Region containing Karamyshev type ceramics (185). The authors give a general description of the Early Neolithic pottery of the Don region and a comparative analysis of the data on pottery technology of the Lower, Middle and Upper Don Region population. The problems of the origin and distribution of early Neolithic pottery traditions are considered, the similarities and differences in the neolithization process in the Don region and the Volga region are distinguished.
Results on absolute and relative chronology based on materials from the multi-layered settlement site of Veksa 3
Authors: Nedomolkina Nadezhda Gennadievna , Piezonka Henny
Published: December 2020

The relative chronology determines only the sequence of events, so preferences absolute chronology, which are used the natural-science methods. Due to the general lack of reliable dates and contextual information in the layers of the Stone Age, absolute chronology is still subject to discussion. As a result of many years of research work in the basin of the upper Sukhona identified key sites that are named Veksa. The exceptional importance of the Veksas complex is linkes with clearly stratigrafi, up to 3 m stratifications, with inclusions of the early Neolithic Middle Ages cultural layers, which contributed to the creation of a relative chronology and allotment of typological complexes in their development. The joint Russian-German research that began in 2007 are aimed at multidisciplinary research of monuments. The methods used in the research on Veksa include the dating of AMC, isotope and archeochemical analyzes of different materials (bones, ceramics), of archeobotanyka, palynology, dendrochronology, reconstruction of landscape development, etc. The results obtained contribute to the creation of reliable chronological framework for the identification of cultural complexes and address a wide range of issues.
The «Union of Armenian Youth» in the structure of the Armenian Diaspora of Samara
Authors: Aghajanyan Liana Alekseevna , Iagafova Ekaterina Andreevna
Published: December 2020

The paper considers the forms and directions of the activity of the public organization the Union of Armenian Youth (UAY) in the socio-cultural environment of Samara, and shows its role in the life of the regional community of Armenians. The UAY appeared in 2015 as a youth wing in Samara Armenian national-cultural autonomy Nairi. Currently it is engaged in organizing both youth events and large public events in the Armenian community. The main activities of the UAY are organization of national (Armenian) public events, thematic exhibitions, festivals in Samara and in the Samara Region; organization of work of national collectives; Sunday schools of the Armenian language, history and culture of the Armenian people; organization of participation of the UAY members in joint activities of other national public institutions on the territory of the Samara Region. The activities of the UAY are connected with the social life of the Armenian community of Samara and the region. Due to the activity of young people, the activities of Armenian public organizations are visible in the public space of the Samara Region. During a short period of time, the UAY has accumulated considerable experience of public activity, which contributes to the productive work of the organization. At the same time, there are some problems in its activity in cooperation with other Armenian organizations of the region. Being the most active part of the Armenian community of Samara, the UAY continues to develop dynamically, attracting new members to the organization and improving the forms of work in the Armenian community. The research is based on the analysis of field materials, the organizations archive and Internet resources.
Designing extracurricular environmental courses at a pedagogical university
Authors: Nelyubina Elena Georgievna , Panfilova Lyudmila Vladimirovna , Lisachkina Valentina Nicolaevna
Published: December 2020

As educational institutions of basic and secondary education have started using federal state educational standards, a large number of extracurricular courses have been set up at educational institutions. Their aim is to organize the second half of students day, and they are termed as extracurricular courses. Subject teachers have to develop programs of extracurricular activities, which are part of the national-regional component of school curricula. The main task of such courses and classes is to develop students personal qualities, to attract their interest to various activities and disclose individual abilities. That is why a new course Designing elective courses in Chemistry (Geography) has been introduced to master students majoring in education at Samara State University of Social Sciences and Education. The paper presents the experience of teaching this course and gives some results obtained by master students in the form of developed programs and educational and methodical complexes of courses of extracurricular activities with environmental content.
Integration of interdisciplinary directions in the study of fractal geometry elements
Authors: Rusanova Inna Aleksandrovna
Published: December 2020

This paper deals with the problem of integrating interdisciplinary areas in research activities that underlie developmental learning. In the conditions of new educational standards introduction deep system transformations of the whole educational process are supposed. The search for solutions to the problems of individualizing the educational route, polar motivation, increasing interest in physics and mathematics lead to the need to design individual methods of pedagogical activity, to implement new approaches and technologies in the natural science cycle of consistent development of holistic research activities, mastering the stages and methods of scientific knowledge. One of the opportunities for the formation of educational and cognitive activity and creative potential in the study of Physics and Mathematics is to study the elements of fractal geometry for analyzing the complex structure of processes of various physical nature, in view of the fact that today there is a large number of problems in Physics, Chemistry, Biology, Geology and Economics, where the fractal structure is the main characteristic of the system. Practical tasks on the construction of fractal sets with the identification of the main signs of self-similarity and the possibility of their computer modeling are considered. Students of grades 911 and students of the university are given the task of creating their own images of fractals, investigating the fractality of coastal river lines, constructing self-similar figures according to the algorithm Games in chaos and studying the contracting affine transformations with obtaining various modifications (attractors) of the Serpinsky triangle. The results obtained enable them to conclude that simple mathematical rules can generate self-similar formations with respect to nonlinear transformations, and argue that simple rules can be at the heart of complex structures and processes.
Innovative technology «Flipped Classroom» use in foreign language teaching at a technical university
Authors: Yurina Mariya Valerievna , Lopukhova Yulia Victorovna
Published: December 2020

The following paper considers the application of innovative technology flipped classroom in foreign language teaching combining with the team learning at a technical university. The new approach to teaching is caused by the increasing role of self-education within the framework of cultural competence of modern specialist. So the modern educational technologies have to develop students learning skills. The advantages presented by the flipped classroom technology are the increasing time for the individual work with students, the opportunity to provide additional cultural knowledge through a careful selection of the learning content on the one hand, as well as developing of the students ability to self-organization and self-education on the other. The paper presents the main approaches to the definition of the flipped classroom technology, its advantages and disadvantages, possible technical difficulties and the positive effect that can be achieved while using the flipped classroom technology at a technical university.
A test by the arbitrariness in 1937-1938
Authors: Fedorova Alla Vladimirovna
Published: December 2020

Mass political repressions of the 1920s-1950s had serious negative consequences for the life of society and the state. Accurate statistics of political repression in the USSR does not exist, although their scale is extremely large. The authors paper is dedicated to the victims of repression as well as it gives a description of the initiators, participants and executors of the operation on repression. One of the orders of the NKVD № 00447 of July 30, 1937 contained this word combination. The author considers events related to the repression of 1937-1939 in the Orenburg Region, where the first arrests began in the second half of 1936. The author shows how the established command and administrative system, monstrous judicial arbitrariness, creation of extrajudicial bodies for repressions implementation, the triumph of lawlessness, the state of lawlessness and much more led to mass tragedies. The focus of the researcher is the destruction of the best party and people, industry captains, thousands of honest workers. The author in addition to documents extracted from the Orenburg archives, attracts memories of victims of arbitrariness, as well as materials from personal correspondence with their relatives. The Russian state condemned the long terror and mass persecution of its people as incompatible with the idea of law and justice.
Textual-dialogical approach to the development of humanistic person interaction ability of cadets - prospective penal-executive system employees
Authors: Vdovin Sergey Alexandrovich
Published: December 2020

The article is devoted to the problem of training a future employee of the penal system, which is able to build relationships with surrounding people, including people who have transgressed the law and who serve punishment on humanistic grounds. The urgency of humanistic interaction in the conditions of the criminal executive system is argued from the position of the idea: a person by nature - i.e. initially, essentially - good. The author proposes a definition of a humanistic interaction between a cadet and a future employee of the criminal executive system with a person as a special type of relationship that fixes the understanding of the values and actions of another person; actualizing moral, humanistic values; reflecting the content of their own actions and actions in relation to the other; reflecting the perception of the spiritual world of another person. The textual-dialogical approach in education is presented as a learning strategy, as an educational technology, as a scientific approach. The content of the textual-dialogical approach to the development of cadets-future employees of the penal-executive system ability for humanistic interaction with a person is revealed through the content of the concepts text and dialogue. It is justified that the texts presented to cadets while developing their ability should, firstly, contain such knowledge, which, speaking in the meaning of humanistic values, allows students to interact with other people on the basis of these values; secondly, to meet the criteria of significance, accessibility and credibility. It is shown that, in the context of dialogues, cadets acquire personal experience of humanistic interaction with other people, which allows them to choose a humanistic oriented sense of dialogical interaction with another, find ways of interaction with another person that are adequate for this situation, and reflect their attitude to another.
The problem of students’ development in the theory and practice of the national school until 1917 (on the example of natural science)
Authors: Lamekhova Elena Anatolievna
Published: December 2020

The paper deals with the problem of interrelation between education, upbringing and training of students while studying natural sciences, which has always been interesting for teachers and methodologists. This problem is especially urgent now in connection with the further implementation of the GEF of secondary general education, which aims the school to create conditions for students development and self-realization. The paper considers interpretation of the relationship between teaching, upbringing and development in the educational process in Russian pedagogy in the period up to 1917. It is noted that views on education and upbringing of children in Russia and Europe developed roughly at the same time. Throughout the entire historical period, there was a struggle between supporters of the new education, advocating rapprochement with advanced Russian and Western European science and Russian clergy, preaching church dogma and their opponents, denying any development at all. Long enough unresolved problems were the lack of unified programs for all educational institutions and established terms of training. Principal changes in the system of domestic education are associated with scientific and pedagogical activities of M.V. Lomonosov and his followers. It emphasizes the importance of the idea that appeared in the writings of teachers in the middle of the 19th century. It advised to take into account the age and individual inclinations of children and develop a new methodology based on childrens activity and independence, which made it possible to pass to the inductive path of instruction. The process of natural science study from the nineteenth century is regarded as the most effective means of developing the sense organs, logical thinking and observation. It also explains the need to combine inductive and deductive teaching methods and justifies the need to use natural objects, experiments and observations in nature for students development.
Scientific and methodical support of intra-corporate teachers training
Authors: Khatsrinova Olga Yurievna
Published: December 2020

The paper deals with problems of industry experts professional development. The author reveals problems of additional educational programs of engineering personnel training. The author reveals conditions that help to create a system of intra-corporate training in the system of additional professional education on the basis of engineering pedagogy achievements. The following methodological approaches are chosen: competence-based, akmeological and andragogical. These approaches provide orientation to progressive professional development and self-development, creative self-realization in the professional sphere and consider individual experience of each listener. Professional standards define competences which have to be developed. The author shows that in the course of additional professional education developed competences have integrative character, i.e. they have to unite all training results. Competence content includes traditional results of education - knowledge, abilities and skills as well as personal components: ability of an individual to solve professional problems, mobilizing at the same time all internal and external resources. The author shows possibilities of the Pedagogical skills of intra-corporate training teacher program. It is defined that the teacher needs to develop methodical competence. Indicators of teachers methodical competence assessment are developed.
Vegetation of the natural monument «Gurev Ravine» (Shigonsky District of the Samara Region)
Authors: Novikova Lubov Alexandrovna , Saksonov Sergey Vladimirovich , Vasjukov Vladimir Mikhailovich , Gorlov Sergey Evgenyevich , Senator Stepan Aleksandrovich , Solovieva Vera Valentinovna
Published: December 2020

The nature monument of regional value Gurev ravine is located 1 km North-West village Klimovka of Shigonsky District in the Samara Region. The southern and South-Western part is occupied by the ravine, the mouth opening in the Kuibyshev reservoir. The right slope is less steep and is overgrown with deciduous forest, and the left slope is very steep and heavily nude, known as Gusikha mountain. At the mouth of the ravine as well as along the indigenous coast landslide terraces have been formed. We have described calciphyte flora and vegetation of the left slope, Guriev ravine (Gusikha mountain). We have made 5 descriptions, one (description № 14) is located at the bottom of this mountain and the other ones are at the top (descriptions № 1518). All descriptions are made on very steep slopes (angle of 4050) of South-Eastern exposure. The described area is dominated by subshrub vegetation with dominance of different species: Artemisia salsoloides (from 1,0 to 30,0%), Ephedra distachya (from 0 to 30,0%), Bassia prostrata (from 0 to 15,0%), Thymus dubjanskyi (from 0 to 15,0%), Onosma volgensis (from 0 to 15,0%), Anthemis trotzkiana (from 0 to 5,0%); less common Linum uralense (from 0 to 1,0%). Artemisia salsoloides (descriptions № 14, 16) occupy the lower and middle parts of the steep slopes of Gusikha mountain. They belong to two different associations. At the bottom of the slopes there are Artemisia salsoloides + Bassia prostrata + Gypsophila juzepczukii, in the middle Artemisia salsoloides + Onosma volgensis. At the top of steep slopes there are Bassia prostrata, Ephedra distachya and Thymus dubjanskyi (descriptions № 15, 17, 18): Bassia prostrata + Artemisia salsoloides + Stipa capillata, Ephedra distachya + Artemisia salsoloides + Bassia prostrate and Thymus dubjanskyi + Anthemis trotzkiana + Gypsophila juzepczukii Association. Different types of Stipa capillata gradually implemented into the community as well as Gypsophila juzepczukii or Artemisia salsoloides, Anthemis trotzkiana, which contributes to the resumption of these particularly rare for the Samara Region species.
Dynamics of leaf beetles density (Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae) in grain crops agrocoenoses of the Samara Region
Authors: Pavlov Sergey Ivanovich , Yaitsky Andrey Stepanovich
Published: December 2020

The author studied winter and spring wheat (Trticum) development dynamics in the Volga Region left-bank forest-steppe zone during 19742010 in natural conditions and gardens on the Samara Region cereal crops fields, as well as generation cycles of 6 local species of leaf beetles, with 1-year development, 5 of which do a lot of harm to wheat (Oulema melanopus L., Phyllotreta vittula Redt., Chaetocnema aridula Gyll., Chaetocnema hortensis Geoffr., Hispella atra L.) and 1 (Cassida rubiginosa Mll.) is the consumer of a weed plant Cirsium arvense (L.) Scop.). The author also studied leaf beetles density dynamics and their localization on grain crops of different age. The author studied cereal crops agrocoenoses microclimate under different weather conditions, different plants vegetation intensity at different times of the day. The author also studied major stages of beetles harmful species generation and the timing of their implementation. The paper contains an analysis of the extent and timing of different harmfulness of leaf beetles; the economic value of their separate types. The author surveyed the conditions preferred by the pests of wheat as well as the factors depressing their larval stage and considered the cases of beetles and larvae massive aggregations formation and beetles migration into more comfortable areas. The author comes to the conclusion of the extraordinary plasticity and adaptability of the leaf to the microclimatic conditions of the habitat.
Restoration of soil fertility of the southern chernozem in conditions of the reserve regime of the Orenburg State Nature Reserve
Authors: Tyurin Alexander Nikolaevich
Published: December 2020

This paper presents a comparative-temporal ecological characterization of the southern chernozem under the regime of the Aituar steppe site command of the Orenburg State Nature Reserve. The degree of ecological rehabilitation of chernozems in specially protected natural areas is shown. Quantitative data are provided on the supply of soil with nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, and the content of heavy metals in the soil. Determination of the content of heavy metals and trace elements in soil samples (according to the method of Krupsky and Aleksandrova in the modification of the Central Institute of Agrochemical Services for Agriculture) was conducted in accordance with GOST 5068394. The determination of mobile compounds of phosphorus and potassium was carried out by the method of Machigin (GOST-2620591), organic matter by the Tyurin method (GOST 262139), alkaline hydrolyzable nitrogen by Kornfield. The paper presents the results of a comparison of agrochemical and ecology-toxicological studies of southern chernozem in 19962016. The main morphogenetic characteristics of the soil profile of the chernozem of the southern carbonate low-humus low-mass medium loamy are given. Data of morphological, physical and agrochemical properties of soils were subjected to mathematical and statistical treatment. This allowed the authors to determine morphological parameters, qualitative and quantitative characteristics of the soil and their variation within the elementary soil areas, depending on the position in the landscape and the nature of use. The data obtained indicate a positive dynamics in the provision of soil with humus and elements of mineral nutrition of plants, as well as a significant reduction in the content of heavy metals throughout the soil profile. Thus, we can talk about the natural restoration of soil fertility in conditions of a protected regime in specially protected natural areas.
Ecological and social «risk factors» for students’ healthy lifestyle promotion
Authors: Shvechikhina Yulia Vladimirovna , Kavelenova Lyudmila Mikhailovna , Rytov Gleb Lvovich
Published: December 2020

The most important condition for the sustainable development of socio-ecological and economic systems at all levels, from regional to national, is undoubtedly a balanced socio-demographic development. It is connected with the presence of sufficiently numerous social groups of a professionally competent, physically and morally healthy population that also serves as the basis for the national security of the country. The number of students in the Samara Region at the level of more than 100 thousand people provides good opportunities for qualified professionals training, whose activities are not limited to the space of the Samara Region. In addition to acquiring professional knowledge, skills and general and special competencies development, young people studying in higher education must also acquire a deep and conscious motivation to lead a healthy lifestyle. In this paper, we present a part of the comprehensive research that we are already carrying out, related to the ecology-population basics of student health status promotion. An important moment in this respect is, according to WHO, the fight against obesity, and one of the relatively accessible indicators is the body mass index (BMI). For model groups of Samara University students the distribution according to the body mass index shows a prevalence of the normal level of the indicator (from 20 to 24) for young men and the indicator 20 (the lower limit of the norm) for girls. This is a good starting point for motivating students to lead a healthy lifestyle in the future.
Chance finds of antiquities on the territory of the Samara Governorate in the second half of XIX - early XX centuries
Authors: Pisareva Olesya Konstantinovna
Published: December 2020

In the paper, separate information about archaeological finds and predatory excavations on the territory of the Samara Governorate in the middle of the XIXbeginning of XX centuries is collected for the first time. The process of archaeological study of the Samara Governorate in the pre-revolutionary period of development of the Samara archaeology remains unexplored. As a result the author has made a set of archaeological discoveries and excavations made on the territory of the Samara Governorate in the second half of XIXbeginning XX centuries. The list of finds includes all facts of the discovery revealed during the research of archaeological sites and individual artifacts with indication of detection time, place, and composition of the find or treasure. The author revealed 142 evidences of found antiquities according to the research of the second half of XIXearly XX centuries. They are hoards of coins, jewelry, household items, religious objects and other finds accumulated in the scientific centers and museums in St. Petersburg, Moscow, Kazan, Samara, Saratov and Simbirsk. Many of finds are lost or their location is unknown. The issues raised in the paper are inseparably linked with the problem of accounting and protection of archaeological sites, preservation of cultural heritage.
D.I. Mendeleev about the cultural and historical tasks of Russia in the East
Authors: Suvorov Valery Vladimirovich
Published: December 2020

At the turn of the XIXXX centuries, the movement of Russia to the East became one of the topics discussed in domestic journalism and scientific thought. His views on this issue were also expressed by the outstanding scientist D.I. Mendeleev. In his works he stressed the historical necessity and inevitability of Russias access to the Pacific Ocean, the importance of its foreign policy development in the Far East direction. Showing the cultural and civilizational distancing of Russia from the West, he focused on the presence of eastern features in it, but at the same time he noted its cultural and historical uniqueness. In Mendeleevs discourses, a departure from Eurocentrism in the assessments of the East and Russia can be traced. Speaking about the cultural and historical tasks of Russia, the scientist stressed that it was more important to maintain the charm of the name in the East than to imitate Western states, especially England. In Mendeleevs papers, special emphasis was made on the peaceful strengthening of Russia in Asia and a friendly attitude towards the Eastern peoples. An interesting feature of Mendeleevs reasoning is the motif of a fairy tale: on the one hand, it is a half-sketchy east, on the other, a fairy tale as the image of an ideal future for Russia.
Development of prospective IT teachers’ ICT competence while studying robotics
Authors: Buzhinskaya Nadezhda Vladimirovna , Grebneva Darya Mikhailovna
Published: December 2020

The paper is devoted to the problem of development of prospective IT teachers information and communication competence as the most important component of the teachers professional competence. The urgency of the development of the ICT-competence of the teacher in the field of robotics is determined by the introduction of this subject to the school, which requires appropriate training of teaching staff. The purpose of the paper is to present effective methods and techniques for developing ICT-competence in the process of studying educational robotics by students of pedagogical universities. Based on the analysis of regulatory documents that determine the requirements of the state, society and employers for teacher training, the authors determine the general structure of the teachers ICT competence, which is the basis for developing the content and methodology of teaching educational robotics at the university. The authors suggest methods of development of prospective teachers ICT competence main components in the process of studying robotics. They give examples of assignments and criteria for their evaluation for each component of ICT competence in educational robotics classes. Evaluation sets for each of the components help to define the level of students ICT competence and to make adjustments to the proposed methodology, if necessary. The presented materials can be used in pedagogical activity of pedagogical university teachers in the fields of IT and ICT, Physics and IT, IT and Mathematics.
Cooperation of higher education and academic science in training of biodiversity conservation specialists
Authors: Vasilyeva Olga Yurievna , Novikova Tatyana Ivanovna , Vorobyova Irina Gennadievna , Fomina Tatyana Ivanovna , Buglova Lubov Victorovna , Sarlaeva Inna Yanovna
Published: December 2020

The paper considers the problem of bachelors, masters and graduate students training for work in the field of plant biodiversity ex-situ conservation (out of natural habitats), taking into account the modern strategy of biodiversity conservation accepted by the world scientific community. The long-term analysis of bachelors and graduate students training effectiveness was performed in Novosibirsk State Agricultural University, Novosibirsk State Pedagogical University, Novosibirsk State University of Architecture, Design and Arts. Some training materials of National Research Tomsk State University and experience of training of CSBG graduate students majoring in introduction of rare and useful plants were used. The authors show the leading role of the subject Introduction of plants for this major. The lack of valuable references on this course is noted. The authors justify the use of a complex of classical botanical techniques and modern ways of data analysis, including digital processing of images and parameters of plant objects in the educational process. Three main directions of experiments with introduced plants are characterized. The authors emphasize cooperation of higher education and academic science including students internship in research laboratories and centers of collective use of RAS institutes. This makes the most essential contribution to the training of young scientists who want their major to be conservation of plant biodiversity by methods of introduction and biotechnology.