bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Effects of BID Length and Shape on the Surface Area and Volume of Tissue Exposed During Dental Radiography
Authors: Masood Farah , Hardman Patrick K.
Published: July 2019

Using projection geometry, algebraic formulas, and different beam indicating devices (BIDs), the surface area and volume of tissue exposed for a hypothetical patient was determined. Combinations of 4 BID lengths and shapes were used: 4-inch (10.2 cm.) pointed plastic, 8-inch (20.3 cm.) round plastic, 14-inch (35.6 cm.) round aluminum, and 14-inch (35.6 cm.) rectangular aluminum. As each subject BID was progressively lengthened and collimated, the area and volume of tissue exposed was reduced. The calculated area and volume of exposed tissue for the 14-inch rectangular aluminum open-ended lead-lined BID was 16.6 cm.2 and 327.7 cm.3, respectively. This represented 9% of the area and 8% of the volume of tissue exposed using the 4-inch round pointed plastic BID or a 91% (area) and 92% (volume) reduction in patient exposure.

Citation

Hardman PK, Masood F. The Effects of BID Length and Shape on the Surface Area and Volume of Tissue Exposed During Dental Radiography. J Contemp Dent Pract 2005 February;(6)1:010-017.
Microbial Leakage of Cavit, IRM, and Temp Bond in Post-prepared Root Canals Using Two Methods of Gutta-percha Removal: An In Vitro Study
Authors: Balto Hanan , Al-Nazhan Saad , Al-Mansour Khulood , Al-Otaibi Moneera , Siddiqu Yunus
Published: July 2019

The aim of this study was to evaluate the integrity of the coronal seal of Temp-Bond and compare it to Cavit and IRM after post space preparation using S. faecalis as a microbial tracer. In addition, the affect of two methods of gutta percha removal on the apical seal of root canal fillings was also evaluated. Forty extracted human single rooted teeth were prepared chemomechanically and obturated with gutta percha and AH26 sealer cement using the lateral cold condensation technique to a standardized working length of 15 mm. About 10 mm of the coronal gutta-percha was removed with either Peeso-reamer or a hot plugger. The roots were divided into three experimental groups of 10 roots and a control group. Each experimental group was subdivided equally into two groups of 15 each according to the method of post space preparation. Cavit, IRM, and Temp-Bond were used to seal the access opening. Each root was fixed in a cuvette containing Tryptic Soya Broth which, covered 2 mm of the root apex. Bacterial suspension was introduced through pipette. Fresh bacterial suspension was added every week, and the system was monitored daily for the growth of microorganisms for a period of one month. The results showed there was no significant difference in terms of coronal leakage between the three coronal materials used (P=0.478), but the methods of gutta-percha removal did have an impact on the apical leakage (P=0.047). The mean value showed the Peeso-reamer provided less leakage compared to using a hot plugger during the 30-day experimental time period. It was concluded the temporary type of coronal seal of endodontically treated teeth will not prevent coronal leakage if left for a long period of time. In addition, permanent cementation of the post with the coronal restoration should be carried out as soon as possible to prevent recontamination of the root canal.

Citation

Balto H, Al-Nazhan S, Al-Mansour K, Al-Otaibi M, Siddiqu Y. Microbial Leakage of Cavit, IRM, and Temp Bond in Post-prepared Root Canals Using Two Methods of Gutta-percha Removal: An In Vitro Study. J Contemp Dent Pract 2005 August;(6)3:053-061.
Failures Related to Crowns and Fixed Partial Dentures Fabricated in a Nigerian Dental School
Authors: Oginni Adeleke Oke
Published: July 2019

The purpose of this investigation was to document the failure rate and length of service of crowns and fixed partial dentures (FPDs) fabricated in a Nigerian dental school. The reasons for failure of the initial restorations and their length of service were also ascertained. Also, the numbers of retainers, pontics, and the types of restoration were recorded. Poor esthetics was the most frequent cause of failure, 66 units (40.5%); followed by fracture, 58 units (35.6%); and dental caries, 25 units (15.4%). These outcomes were contrary to findings previously reported in studies from western countries where dental caries was principally responsible for failures (22.0% to 38.0% of cases). The resin-retained FPDs had the shortest mean years of service at 2.7 years, while the three-unit metal-ceramic FPDs had the greatest longevity at 8.6 years. The overall mean years of service for replaced restorations were 5.6 years. The study found a decrease in the mean years of service as the number of units in the fixed-fixed partial dentures increased. This is in sharp contrast to previous reports where no relationship existed between length of service and the number of units in a FPD.

Citation

Oginni AO. Failures Related to Crowns and Fixed Partial Dentures Fabricated in a Nigerian Dental School. J Contemp Dent Pract 2005 November;(6)4:136-143.
Tobacco Cessation for the Dental Team: A Practical Guide Part II: Evidence-based Interventions
Authors: Davis Joan M.
Published: July 2019

Dental professionals are strategically placed to be the leaders in tobacco prevention and cessation as they provide preventive and therapeutic services to a basically healthy population on a regular basis. By expanding the dental exam, diagnosis, and treatment to include tobacco cessation, a potentially life saving element of care is added to an established service. In addition periodontal disease and the potential for oral cancer mandate the inclusion of tobacco cessation services into dental care. Though dental professionals are aware of the health issues associated with tobacco use, they often feel ill prepared or uncomfortable presenting patients with a clear cessation message.

In this, the second of a two-part article, the purpose is to provide dental professionals with the evidence-based strategies necessary to provide effective tobacco cessation as a normal part of patient care.

Citation

Davis JM. Tobacco Cessation for the Dental Team: A Practical Guide Part II: Evidence-based Interventions. J Contemp Dent Pract 2005 November;(6)4:178-186.
Mandibular Fracture Reduction without Intraoperative Intermaxillary Fixation: A Technique Using Two Modified Reduction Forceps
Authors: Shinohara Elio Hitoshi , Mitsuda Sérgio Takeji , Miyagusko José Massayoshi , Horikawa Fernando Kendi
Published: July 2019

This case report demonstrates a technique that is useful for precompressing mandibular fractures and obtaining anatomical reduction of the fracture edges without the use of peroperative intermaxillary fixation (IMF) in a mandibular fracture by using two modified reduction forceps. The first forcep is positioned at the inferior mandibular border and the other in the neutral zone where it is an ideal location to place a fixation plate in mandibular fractures. This technique is indicated for the anatomic reduction in mandibular fractures of the partial dentate patient.

Citation

Shinohara EH, Mitsuda ST, Miyagusko JM, Horikawa FK. Mandibular Fracture Reduction without Intraoperative Intermaxillary Fixation: A Technique Using Two Modified Reduction Forceps. J Contemp Dent Pract 2006 February;(7)1:150-156.
Dentoalveolar and Mandibular Body Fractures Caused by a Horse Kick: Report of a Case
Authors: Martins Wilson Denis , Fávaro Daniela Martins , de Oliveira Ribas Marina , Martins Guilherme
Published: July 2019

A rare case of multiple mandibular fractures and severe facial laceration is presented. The cause was a horse hoof kick to an unmounted equestrian. The pertinent literature is reviewed and the maxillofacial injuries associated with animal interaction are discussed.

Citation

Martins WD, Fávaro DM, Ribas MO, Martins G. Dentoalveolar and Mandibular Body Fractures Caused by a Horse Kick: Report of a Case. J Contemp Dent Pract 2006 May;(7)2:137-144.
Cost Analysis of Hand Hygiene Using Antimicrobial Soap and Water Versus an Alcohol-Based Hand Rub
Authors: Terezhalmy Geza T. , Huber Michaell A. , Holton Ronald H.
Published: July 2019

Proper hand hygiene is acknowledged as the most critical element of an adequate infection control program in the oral healthcare setting. However, adherence to proper hand hygiene protocols is often lacking. Poor compliance with hand hygiene protocols has been attributed to such factors as lack of time, hand irritation, hand dryness, forgetfulness, skepticism over importance, understaffing, perceived low risk of cross-infection, inconvenience, and the belief gloves alone offer protection. In the medical environment the use of alcoholbased hand rubs now represent the preferred method of performing hand hygiene when delivering non-surgical care. In this study we compared the costs associated with traditional hand washing against an alcohol-based hand rub protocol in the dental setting. The results indicate an alcohol-based hand rub protocol is less costly and less time consuming when compared to traditional handwashing in the dental setting, creating a new paradigm for hand hygiene in the dental office.

Citation

Huber MA, Holton RH, Terezhalmy GT. Cost Analysis of Hand Hygiene Using Antimicrobial Soap and Water Versus an Alcohol-Based Hand Rub. J Contemp Dent Pract 2006 May;(7)2:037-045.
Orthodontic Treatment Need in an Accredited Graduate Orthodontic Center in North America: A Pilot Study
Authors: Onyeaso Chukwudi Ochi , BeGole Ellen A.
Published: July 2019

Aim

To assess the objective orthodontic treatment needs of patients treated in an accredited Orthodontic Clinic in North America using a retrospective cross sectional study and the Dental Aesthetic Index (DAI).

Methods and Materials

One hundred pre- and post-treatment study models were randomly selected from the model storage facility of the clinic. Only the pre-treatment study models were assessed using the DAI. The pre - treatment and post- treatment ages for each case were noted as recorded on the corresponding study models. The range for the pre-treatment age was 10 to 52 years, and from 12 years, 4 months to 54 years for the post-treatment age range. The duration of treatment for each case was calculated by subtracting the pre-treatment age from the post-treatment age (range of treatment duration, 9 to 125 months). Descriptive statistics as well as chi-square statistics were employed to analyze the data.

Results

Fifteen cases had normal or minor malocclusions with no treatment or slight need for treatment. Definite malocclusions with treatment highly desirable accounted for 22 cases and severe malocclusion with treatment highly desirable was found in 16 cases. Forty-seven cases had handicapping malocclusion with treatment considered mandatory. While a statistically significant association (p<0.05) was found between duration of treatment and severity levels of malocclusion (DAI scores), the association between pre-treatment age and DAI scores was not significant (p > 0.05).

Conclusions

Eighty-five percent of the study sample needed orthodontic treatment with different malocclusion severity levels, while 47% of the cases qualified for publicly subsidized treatment due to handicapping malocclusions. The association between duration of treatment and DAI score groups (malocclusion severity levels) was found statistically significant.

It could be helpful for more clinic-based (demand populations) studies on treatment needs be undertaken across the globe using the DAI, at least for the purposes of comparison.

Citation

Onyeaso CO, BeGole EA. Orthodontic Treatment Need in an Accredited Graduate Orthodontic Center in North America: A Pilot Study. J Contemp Dent Pract 2006 May;(7)2:087-094.
Rare Instance of Gingival Enlargement in Klippel-Trenaunay Syndrome: A Case Report
Authors: Anand Pradeep S. , Roshna T.
Published: July 2019

Klippel-Trenaunay Syndrome is a rare congenital malformation that may include port-wine stain, soft tissue and bony hypertrophy, and venous malformations and lymphatic abnormalities. Although it usually involves the limbs, it may also rarely involve the head, neck, and orofacial regions. Despite its rarity, Klippel-Trenaunay Syndrome should be considered in the differential diagnosis of gingival enlargement. The condition can be easily recognized clinically, but further investigations including imaging studies have to be carried out in order to better understand the nature of the lesion. This report describes a case of gingival enlargement in Klippel- Trenaunay Syndrome in a 16-year-old female patient. The diagnosis of the condition was made based on the patient history, clinical and radiographic examination, computed tomography (CT), and angiogram.

Citation

Anand PS, Roshna T. Rare Instance of Gingival Enlargement in Klippel-Trenaunay Syndrome: A Case Report. J Contemp Dent Pract 2006 July;(7)3:092-098.
Short-term Success of Osseointegrated Dental Implants in HIV-positive Individuals: A Prospective Study
Authors: Flaitz Catherine M. , Nichols C. Mark , Stevenson Gene C. , Riano Patricia C. , Moretti Antonio J. , Engelmeier Robert L.
Published: July 2019

Purpose

Except for the occasional case report, there are no studies evaluating the success rate of osseointegrated dental implants in individuals infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). This study investigated the short-term clinical outcome of implant placement in a group of HIV-positive and HIV-negative individuals who required complete dentures.

Methods and Materials

Edentulous subjects were recruited from an HIV-dedicated clinic and a dental school clinic. Two BioHorizons® dental implants were placed in the anterior mandible to support an overdenture opposing a maxillary denture. Outcome measurements obtained six months after activation of implants were presence of pain, mobility, soft tissue status, and radiographic bone level. Descriptive statistics were used.

Results

Twenty-nine edentulous adults, including 20 HIV-positive subjects (test) and nine HIV-negative subjects (control), participated. The test group had six females, 14 males; 13 Whites, four African-Americans, and three Hispanics with a mean age of 48.9 years (range: 35-59). The mean CD4 count was 467 cells/mm3 (range: 132-948). The control group had six females, three males; seven Whites, and two Hispanics with a mean age of 65.3 years (range: 50-82). Short-term success rate was 100% for both groups. No difference in clinical outcome was found between the groups.

Conclusion

This study demonstrated dental implants are well tolerated and have predictable outcomes for HIV-infected individuals for the duration of the study and probably over an even longer term.

Citation

Stevenson GC, Riano PC, Moretti AJ, Nichols CM, Engelmeier RL, Flaitz CM. Short-term Success of Osseointegrated Dental Implants in HIV-positive Individuals: A Prospective Study. J Contemp Dent Pract 2007 January;(8)1:001-010.
Silane Based Concepts on Bonding Resin Composite to Metals
Authors: Vallittu Pekka K. , Matinlinna Jukka P.
Published: July 2019

Introduction

The longevity of silane promoted adhesion of surface conditioned metallic materials is of concern in dentistry and poses both a functional and esthetic dilemma for the patient and dental professionals. Several methods for surface conditioning exist, but some are employed more frequently in clinical practice.

Aim of the Review

This overview aims to characterize and discuss the most commonly used surface conditioning methods based on silanization. The primary chemical features in silane treatment will also be presented.

Method of Review

The literature regarding silane utilization was systematically selected and 68 cited references published during 1967-2005 were reviewed. Technical descriptions of different silica-coating (silicatization) methods are presented and some comparative clinical andin vitroexperiences are reported. Some other surface condition methods applied in dental laboratories were also selected for presentation.

Conclusion

It is concluded in this overview tribochemical silica-coating followed by a mandatory silane coupling agent application is a clinically proved, relevant adhesion promotion method to enhance the bonding of resin composites to metallic dental materials.

Citation

Matinlinna JP, Vallittu PK. Silane Based Concepts on Bonding Resin Composite to Metals. J Contemp Dent Pract 2007 February;(8)2:001-008.
Effect of Photoactivation Systems and Resin Composites on the Microleakage of Esthetic Restorations
Authors: Ambrosano Gláucia Maria Bovi , Cavalcante Larissa Maria Assad , Peris Alessandra Resende , Ritter André Vicente , Pimenta Luiz André Freire
Published: July 2019

Aim

The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of four photoactivation systems [quartz tungsten halogen (QTH), light-emitting diode (LED), argon ion laser (AL), and plasma arc curing PAC)] on cementum/ dentin and enamel microleakage of Class II restorations using a microhybrid [Z250 – 3M ESPE] and two packable composites [(SureFil - Dentsply and Tetric Ceram HB – Ivoclair/Vivadent].

Methods and Materials

Three hundred sixty “vertical-slot Class II cavities” were prepared at the mesial surface of bovine incisors using a 245 carbide bur in a highspeed handpiece. Specimens were divided into twelve groups (composite-photoactivation systems). Half of the specimens had the gingival margin placed in enamel (n=15) and the other half in cementum/dentin (n=15). Composites were inserted and cured in 2 mm increments according to manufacturers’ recommended exposure times. After polishing, the samples were immersed in 2% methylene blue solution, sectioned, and evaluated at the gingival margins. Data were submitted to statistical analysis using the Kruskal–Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests.

Results

No significant differences were found among the photoactivation systems and among resin composites (p>0.05). Microleakage was not significantly affected by location (enamel vs. cementum/dentin, p>0.05). These findings suggested neither the photoactivation systems nor the resin composite types might have an effect on the microleakage at gingival margins Class II cavities.

Citation

Cavalcante LMA, Peris AR, Ambrosano GMB, Ritter AV, Pimenta LAF. Effect of Photoactivation Systems and Resin Composites on the Microleakage of Esthetic Restorations. J Contemp Dent Pract 2007 February;(8)2:070-079.
Surface Roughness and Adherence of Candida Albicans on Soft Lining Materials as Influenced by Accelerated Aging
Authors: Tari Banu Filiz , Nalbant Dilek , Dogruman Al Funda , Kustimur Semra
Published: July 2019

Aim

Candida albicans (C. albicans) has been widely associated with the etiology of denture-related stomatitis and has been found on soft denture lining materials. The aim of this study was to examine the surface roughness and adherence of C. albicans to saliva coated and non-coated soft lining materials by subjecting them to an in vitro accelerated aging test.

Methods and Materials

Samples were prepared from three soft lining materials (Visco Gel, Ufi Gel P, Molloplast B). Surface roughness measurements and adhesion of C. albicans were examined before and after an aging process. The stimulated human whole saliva was used to assess its effect on adhesion.

Results

The aging process promotes the surface roughness of soft lining materials. The aging surface roughness of Visco Gel was significantly higher than Ufi Gel P and Molloplast B. No significant difference was observed between non-aged and uncoated materials, but aged and uncoated soft lining materials showed a greater adherence of C. albicans. No significant difference was observed between non-aged and saliva coated materials, but aged and saliva coated soft lining materials showed a greater adherence of C. albicans.

Conclusions

Candidosis induced by C. albicans is the most common fungal infection. Awareness of susceptibility of soft lining materials to the adherence of C. albicans is an important factor in their selection. The use of soft lining materials with smooth surfaces minimizes the adherence of C. albicans.

Citation

Tari BF, Nalbant D, Dogruman Al F, Kustimur S. Surface Roughness and Adherence of Candida Albicans on Soft Lining Materials as Influenced by Accelerated Aging. J Contemp Dent Pract 2007 July;(8)5:018-025.
A Comparative Evaluation of the Effectiveness of an Anorganic Bone Matrix/Cell Binding Peptide with an Open Flap Debridement in Human Infrabony Defects: A Clinical and Radiographic Study
Authors: Bhongade Manohar L. , Tiwari Ishan R.
Published: July 2019

Aim

The development of biologic modalities designed to enhance bone regeneration and wound healing of specific periodontal sites continues to unfold. This is accomplished through the cell binding activity of Type-I collagen provided by a synthetic cell binding peptide (P-15) which is incorporated in a scaffold of anorganic bovine matrix (ABM). This combination is designed to facilitate the attachment, migration, and differentiation of cells. The objective of this study is to clinically and radiographically evaluate the effectiveness of the combination of ABM and P-15 (ABM/P-15) ‘putty’ during regenerative periodontal procedures.

Methods and Materials

A total of 20 interproximal intraosseous defects in 16 patients, (8 males, 8 females), age 22-48 years (mean 34.45) were recruited and divided equally into two experimental groups. Following open flap debridement (OFD), the defect sites in a test group were grafted with a bovine-derived xenograft enriched with a cell binding peptide. The defect sites in a control group were treated with only OFD. Appropriate periodontal maintenance schedules were followed; at six months, clinical and radiographic assessments for soft tissue and hard tissue were performed for documentation and finalization of results.

Results

Statistical analysis using student paired ‘t’ test analyses of the patient mean value from the 16 patients revealed the ABM/P-15 ‘putty’ graft group demonstrated significantly better mean defect fill of 3.4 + 0.7 mm (70.5%) versus mean defect fill of 0.9 mm (17.33%) for defects treated with only OFD. Soft tissue findings showed significant differences among treatment with ABM/P-15 compared to OFD.

Conclusions

These results indicate the use of P-15 synthetic cell binding peptide combined with ABM yields better clinical results in conjunction with OFD than with OFD alone.

Citation

Bhongade ML, Tiwari IR. A Comparative Evaluation of the Effectiveness of an Anorganic Bone Matrix/ Cell Binding Peptide with an Open Flap Debridement in Human Infrabony Defects: A Clinical and Radiographic Study. J Contemp Dent Pract 2007 September; (8)6:025-034.
Influence of Kinetic Cavity Preparation Devices on Dental Topography: An in vitro Study
Authors: Maia Lucianne Cople , Antunes Livia Azeredo A. , Vieira Áurea Simone Barrôso , dos Santos Márcia Peraira Alves
Published: July 2019

Aim

The objectives of this study were to assess the influence of four different kinetic cavity preparation devices on cavity preparation taking into account tip angulation, internal tip diameter, and distance to the dental substrate. The dental topography itself was also evaluated after the use of these devices.

Methods and Materials

Quantitative parameters using pertinent statistical tests as well as qualitative parameters were used to assess the topography in terms of the dispersion halo effect (DHE), size, and depth of the preparation.

Results

The DHE did not present differences among the groups. In relation to the preparation size, the internal diameter influenced 120° point angles, whereas distance influenced the 90° ones. Considering the preparation depth, the 90° point angle yielded the deepest. In the qualitative analysis, both angles provided cavity preparations with rounded cavosurface angles. The 120° point angles yielded inclined, shallow V-shaped preparations, whereas the 90° angles presented U-shaped preparations reaching the dentin. The enamel had an irregular aspect and exposed prisms; dentin had a loose smear layer with aluminum oxide residues.

Conclusion

The kind of device may influence the kinetic cavity design.

Clinical Significance

It is the clinician that knows how to select the appropriate devices to adopt in order to achieve the desired cut, depth, and shape of cavity preparations.

Citation

Antunes LAA, Vieira ASB, Alves dos Santos MP, Maia LC. Influence of Kinetic Cavity Preparation Devices on Dental Topography: An in vitro Study. J Contemp Dent Pract 2008 February;(9)2:146-154.
Influence of Time on Bond Strength After Bleaching with 35% Hydrogen Peroxide
Authors: Flório Flávia Martão , Barbosa Cinthia Maria , Sasaki Robson Tetsuo , Basting Robera Tarkany
Published: July 2019

Aim

The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the influence of time after treatment with a 35% hydrogen peroxide bleaching agent on the shear bond strength between composite resin and sound enamel and dentin.

Methods and Materials

Eighty dental slabs - 40 enamel (E) slabs and 40 dentin (D) slabs - were embedded, flatted, and divided into four groups (n=10). In G1 the E and D slabs were kept in artificial saliva for 14 days. For the G2, G3, and G4 groups the E and D slabs were submitted to bleaching treatment with a 35% hydrogen peroxide bleaching agent. At different times after bleaching treatments (G2=immediate; G3=seven days; G4= fourteen days), composite resin cylinders were made using an adhesive system. Tests were performed in a universal testing machine at a speed of 0.5 mm/min to obtain the values in MPa.

Results

For enamel, the Kruskal-Wallis test and Dunn Method showed G1 differed significantly from G2 (G1=13.40 a; G2=6.64 b; G3=16.76 a; G4=11.64 ab). For dentin, the analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey tests showed that G1 differed significantly from G2 and G3 (G1=12.11 a; G2=4.97 b; G3=8.67 c; G4=11.86 ac).

Conclusion

It is recommended adhesive restorative procedures in enamel be delayed for seven days postbleaching treatment with 35% hydrogen peroxide, while restorations in dentin should be delayed for 14 days following bleaching treatment.

Citation

Barbosa CM, Sasaki RT, Flório FM, Basting RT. Influence of Time on Bond Strength After Bleaching with 35% Hydrogen Peroxide. J Contemp Dent Pract 2008 February;(9)2:081-088.
Short-term Evaluation of Resin Sealing and Rebonding on Amalgam Microleakage: An SEM Observation
Authors: Moosavi Horieh , Sadeghi Samaneh
Published: July 2019

Aims

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of two different sealing agents on the microleakage of Class V amalgam restorations with and without resin rebonding.

Methods and Materials

Sixty extracted premolars were divided into six groups with ten teeth in each group. Class V cavity preparations were prepared on the facial surfaces of each tooth with the coronal margins placed in enamel and apical margins in cementum (dentin). The preparations in three groups were treated with Copalite, Scotchbond Multi-Purpose (SBMP), and no sealing agent, respectively. The other three groups received the same sealing agents in conjunction with a rebonding process. This arrangement of specimens provided for a comparison of the groups with and without a rebonding procedure. Amalgam was used as the restorative material. Specimens were thermocycled, stained, and sectioned. Microleakage was graded (0-3) using a stereomicroscope at 40x magnification. A scanning electron microscope (SEM) was used along with a high resolution elemental analysis. Data were analyzed with Kruskal-Wallis, Mann-Withney, and Wilcoxon pair wise statistical tests (α=.05).

Results

The bonded amalgam groups demonstrated significantly less microleakage, whereas the unsealed groups showed the highest microleakage (P=0.001). A significant difference between the mean rank of the microleakage of enamel and dentin margins was observed (P=0.037). Insignificant, lower microleakage was observed in groups receiving a rebonding procedure (P=0.085).

Conclusion

Copalite and a multi-step adhesive system had a significant effect on microleakage of Class V amalgam restorations. The influence of the multi-step adhesive system was significantly greater than Copalite. The rebonding of the amalgam restorations did not have a significant effect on microleakage.

Citation

Moosavi H, Sadeghi S. Short-term Evaluation of Resin Sealing and Rebonding on Amalgam Microleakage: An SEM Observation. J Contemp Dent Pract 2008 March; (9)3:032-039.
Staining Potential of Calcium Hydroxide and Monochlorophenol Following Removal of AH26 Root Canal Sealer
Authors: Tinaz Ali Cemal , Kivanç Baǧdagül Helvaciölu , Gürgül Güliz
Published: July 2019

Aim

The focus of this study was to examine the staining potential of calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2) on tooth structure following the removal of AH26 root canal sealer.

Methods and Materials

Fifty maxillary anterior teeth were prepared and obturated with AH26 and gutta percha. The sealers were then removed 24 hours later and the teeth were randomly divided into two groups. Ca(OH)2 was then placed in the root canals of the first group of teeth as a medicament and camphorated monochlorophenol (CMCP) was placed in the second group of teeth after the filling material was removed. The color of the external tooth surfaces was determined before tooth preparation and two weeks after the placement of the medicaments. The Z test was used for statistical analysis.

Results

All experimental teeth showed varying degrees of coronal discoloration with the Ca(OH)2 group showing more discoloration than the CMCP group (p<0.05).

Conclusion

Using Ca(OH)2 as a medicament after removing AH26 caused progressive discoloration of the teeth, whereas using CMCP caused only slight discoloration.

Clinical Significance

To avoid staining of the treated tooth, AH26 root canal sealer must be completely removed from the dentin walls before using a medicament.

Citation

Tinaz AC, Kivanç BH, Görgül G. Staining Potential of Calcium Hydroxide and Monochlorophenol Following Removal of AH26 Root Canal Sealer. J Contemp Dent Pract 2008 March; (9)3:056-063.
A Comparative in vitro Study of the Load at Fracture of All-ceramic Crowns with Various Thicknesses of In-Ceram Core
Authors: Turkyilmaz Ilser , Gokce Suat , Celik-Bagci Emine
Published: July 2019

Aim

The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of three different thicknesses of In-Ceram core on the load at fracture of all-ceramic crowns.

Methods and Materials

Thirty standardized crown-shaped nickel-chromium alloy dies were fabricated using a milling machine. Twenty dies were prepared with a 1 mm shoulder for Groups A and B. The only difference in the ten dies used for Group C was a smaller 0.5 mm lingual shoulder. The thicknesses of In-Ceram were 0.5 mm, 1.5 mm, and 0.75 mm for Groups A, B, and C. All all-ceramic crowns were fabricated in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions. After cementation of the crowns, their fracture resistance was tested with a universal testing machine. The load was directed to a point located 3 mm from the lingual aspect of the incisal edge at 30 degrees to the long axis of each specimen until catastrophic failure occurred.

Results

The mean loads at fracture for Groups A, B, and C were 1117±388 N, 2083±385 N, and 1439±368 N, respectively. No statistically significant difference in load at fracture between Groups A and C was found (p>0.05). However, the differences were statistically significant between Groups A and B (p<0.001) and Groups B and C (p<0.001).

Conclusion

Under the guidelines of this study, increasing the thickness of the In-Ceram core increased the fracture resistance of the all-ceramic crowns.

Clinical Significance

The sufficient thickness of the In-Ceram core of all-ceramic crowns is an important factor in fracture resistance. Therefore, dental practitioners should be careful in patient selection; if the horizontal overlap of a tooth to be restored is too limited, then all-ceramic crowns may not be a feasible option.

Citation

Gokce S, Celik-Bagci E, Turkyilmaz I. A Comparative in vitro Study of the Load at Fracture of Allceramic Crowns with Various Thicknesses of In-Ceram Core. J Contemp Dent Pract 2008 May; (9)4:017-025.
An Epidemiologic Study of Tongue Lesions in 1901 Iranian Dental Outpatients
Authors: Motallebnejad Mina , Babaee Neda , Sakhdari Shirin , Tavasoli Maryam
Published: July 2019

Aim

The aim of this study was to assess the frequency of nine tongue conditions and evaluate their relationship to oral hygiene status and personal habits in a Northern Iranian population.

Methods and Materials

This descriptive study evaluated 1901 healthy subjects (1142 women, 759 men) >12 years who were referred to the Dental Faculty of Babol University during a period from February 2005 to July 2006. A questionnaire was designed according to the aims of the study. Each subject completed the questionnaire and received a complete dental and oral examination. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS software and Chi-square and Fisher's exact probability tests.

Results

Six hundred seventy-two (35.3%) of 1901 subjects had tongue lesions with a frequency of 38.6% in women and 47.7% in men which was statistically significant (P<0.0001). A strong association was found between tongue lesions and smoking (p<0.0001), black tea drinking (p=0.021), and poor oral hygiene (p<0.0001). Hairy tongue (p<0.0001), coated tongue (p<0.0001), and fissured tongue (p=0.014) conditions were significantly higher in males, while crenation of the tongue was more frequent in women (p<0.0001).

Conclusion

This epidemiologic survey of adult dental outpatients of Northern Iran assessing tongue conditions and lesions found the frequency of these conditions in 47.7% of males and 38.6% of females in this population. Tongue conditions and lesions were more frequent among smokers, black tea drinkers, and those with poor oral hygiene. The results of this epidemiological survey can only be interpreted for the population studied and as such cannot be generalized to the wider population of Iran, but future studies should be designed to assess the frequency of these conditions on a countrywide basis.

Clinical Significance

The results of this study suggest efficient oral hygiene programs and encouraging people to drink less tea and quit smoking may reduce tongue lesions in adult dental outpatients in Northern Iran.

Citation

Motallebnejad M, Babaee N, Sakhdari S, Tavasoli M. An Epidemiologic Study of Tongue Lesions in 1901 Iranian Dental Outpatients. J Contemp Dent Pract 2008 November; (9)7:073-080.
Dental Management for Patients in ICU
Authors: Rath SK , Kumar U
Published: July 2019

The essence of multi disciplinarity is that professionals from different areas acting on the same patient in intensive care do not rely on the environment or special equipment but on the decision making process, based on the full understanding of the patient's physiological, psychological conditions and of new therapies. It is mandatory that ICU patients receive sufficient oral hygiene care during their stay, for the purpose of preventing oral pathologies and possible complications of already existing oral diseases. There is real need for the effective participation of dentists and the nursing staff in the instructions, professional qualification, and motivation of health professionals working in the ICU in order to create specific routines to promote oral health in ICU patients. Multifaceted interventions to improve oral care nursing practices are required to reduce the incidence of life threatening conditions in mechanically ventilated patients, thereby improving patient safety
Multilobed Supernumerary Teeth with Talon: Pioneer Case Report
Authors: Goel Mahesh , Dutta Samir , Arora Rosy
Published: July 2019

A rare case report of a multi-lobed supernumerary tooth having talon cusp is being reported. The tooth was extracted to correct the existing malocclusion and a complete radiographic and histological analysis of the extracted tooth was done to confirm the clinical finding of supernumerary tooth with incomplete lobes associated with talon cusp exhibiting pulpal extension.
Cardiovascular Diseases and Periodontal Treatment
Authors: Sauvetre EJ , Farid MS , Diji CV
Published: July 2019

A Safe and effective periodontal treatment requires knowledge and understanding of the diseases specifically the cardiovascular ones, and the necessary modifications to periodontal therapy accordingly. Considering the high incidence of periodontal diseases in elderly individuals, the periodontist must be prepared to provide periodontal therapeutic support for an increasing number of cardiovascular patients. In this review, common cardiovascular disorders and associated periodontal issues would be discussed briefly.
An Unusual Presentation of a Central Giant Cell Granuloma and Initial Treatment with Intralesional Steroids– A Case Report and Review of the Literature
Authors: Graham Richard M , Foster Murray E , Richardson David
Published: July 2019

A case of a 6 year-old boy is presented with an extensive intraoral central giant cell granuloma, which was initially thought to be a lesion of odontogenic origin. Central giant cell granuloma is an unusual lesion to be found within the oral cavity. Treatment ranges from radical surgical resection to conservative approaches, such as the one presented, with intralesional steroid injections. We would agree with previous work that this as a viable treatment adjunct and possible alternative to surgery for central giant cell granuloma of the jaws.
Versatility of the Coronal Approach in Maxillofacial Surgery
Authors: Singh Vishal , Kukreja Pankaj , Goyal Sonia , Godhi Suhas S.
Published: July 2019

The coronal approach, also known as bi-temporal approach, is one of the most versatile surgical approaches to the zygomatic arch and the mid-facial skeleton. Excellent access is gained to the mid-face by this approach, and it also has a very less number of complications. It is esthetically also excellent, because most of the surgical scar is hidden within the hairline. When the incision is extended into the preauricular area, the surgical scar is inconspicuous. In this article, we attempt to describe the approach, and present our own experience in using it at our centre.
An In Vitro Comparison of Quantitative Dissolution of Human Pulp in Different Irrigating Solutions
Authors: Taneja Sonali , Chadha Rupali , Dixit Seema , Nayar Rohit
Published: July 2019

Pulp tissue from freshly extracted, intact vital premolars was removed in toto and was cut to get an approximate weight of 8.2 mg for each sample. Eighty samples thus obtained were divided into 4 groups of 20 samples each according to the irrigating solution used (5.25% NaOCl, 17% EDTA, BioPure MTAD and Distilled water (control group). Pulp tissue of specified equal weight (8.2 mg) was placed into each test tube of all groups carrying irrigants of measured volume (5ml each) at 37°C according to their specified subgroups time interval i.e. 10 min, 15 min, 20 min and 30 min respectively. The solution from each sample test tube was filtered and was left for overnight drying. The residual weight was calculated by filtration method. Results showed that the maximum amount of pulp was dissolved by 5.25% NaOCl at all time intervals. MTAD and 17% EDTA showed almost similar dissolution at all the time intervals.
Attitude of Dental Students, Interns and Practicing Dentists Towards Tobacco Use Cessation
Authors: Gupta Varun , Mathur Anmol , Tirth Amit , Ravishankar TL , Tangade Pradeep S.
Published: July 2019

Objective

To compare dental students’, Interns’, and Practicing Dentist's attitude towards tobacco cessation promotion in dental setting.

Methods

The study was conducted on BDS 3rd year students, Interns and practicing dentists of Moradabad city. A 23-item written survey was administered to all the participants. Questions focused on dental students’, Interns’, and practicing dentist's attitude towards the dental professional's responsibilities and scope of practice in promotion of tobacco cessation.

Results

Response rate was more than 90 percent (199/220). Respondents were 52 percent males and 48 percent females. There were 47 percent dental students, 32 percent interns and 21 percent doctors. Eighty-four percent agreed that it is within the scope of dental practice to advise patients to quit using tobacco and 82 percent agreed that tobacco cessation counseling in the dental office could impact patient's quitting. Nearly one-fifth (18 percent) were slightly or not interested in receiving tobacco cessation training.

Conclusion

Attitudes of the participants appear to be positive regarding the dental professional's responsibility to educate patients about the risk of tobacco use. However, some have reservations about the extent to which tobacco cessation services fit within the scope of dental practice, the efficiency of such services and the patient receptiveness.
Enamel Hypoplasia and its Correlation with Dental Caries In School Children of Bagalkot, Karnataka
Authors: Puranik RS , Idiculla Jose Joy , Brave VR , Vanaki S
Published: July 2019

Aim

To study the prevalence and correlation of Enamel Hypoplasia and Dental caries among school children aged 6-15 years in Bagalkot, Karnataka.

Materials and Methods

5500 school children aged 6-15 years from different schools in Bagalkot were examined with mouth mirror and probe under natural light. The findings were entered into standard examination forms.

Results

Out of 5500 school children between the age of 6 - 15 years, 507 (9%) had carious teeth with hypoplasia with a mean of 3.1 carious teeth per child. In 5500 children 1987 (41%) had carious teeth without enamel hypoplasia with a mean of 1.39 decayed teeth per child and this shows that the prevalence of caries in hypoplastic teeth was evident and was statistically significant.
Sinus Tract Mimicry: A Case Report
Authors: Bains Vivek K , Bains Rhythm , Loomba Anju , Loomba Kapil , Ganesan S
Published: July 2019

Sinus tract adjacent to teeth, or near the apex of any particular tooth, is usually considered to be of endodontic origin and root canal therapy is the primary treatment to achieve its healing; however, at times, it may be associated with periodontal lesion and then requires combined endodontic periodontal treatment. The present case had a sinus tract of combined orthodontic-periodontal origin, mimicking pulpal etiology. Such cases can possibly be diagnosed and treated only after careful evaluation of clinical features and radiographic findings.
Spiral CT in Diagnosis of 4-Rooted Maxillary Second Molars Bilaterally: A Case Report
Authors: Gupta Sumit , Taneja Sonali , Chadha Rupali
Published: July 2019

Variations in the root canal morphology are common and permanent maxillary molars are no exceptions. Permanent maxillary molars generally have three roots one palatal and two buccal. The incidence of a second palatal root is quite rare. This paper highlights the endodontic diagnosis and treatment of a permanent maxillary second molar having an additional palatal root using specialized diagnostic technique-spiral computed tomography.
Anaesthetising Painful Pulp in Endodontics-A Review
Authors: Mittal Rakesh , Swiah Jamal M El-
Published: July 2019

Profound pulpal anaesthesia in endodontics is doorway to successful root canal treatment. It increases patient's cooperation and faith in operator as well as reduces stress on dentist's mind. Anaesthetising a tooth is sometimes challenging and more so in patients with painful pulpal conditions such as acute reversible and irreversible pulpitis, acute exacerbations of pulpal pathologies. This article emphasizes on various anaesthetic strategies which an endodontist can adopt in treating painful pulps.
Cyclosporine and Amlodipine Induced Severe Gingival Overgrowth - Etiopathogenesis and Management of a Case with Electrocautery and Carbon-Dioxide(CO2) Laser
Authors: Hegde Rashmi , Kale Rahul , Jain A Sanjay
Published: July 2019

Gingival overgrowth is a well recognized, unwanted side-effect associated with three major drugs/drug groups – phenytoin, cyclosporine and the calcium channel blockers. Cyclosporine is a potent immunosuppressive compound that has been used increasingly in conjunction with kidney, heart and other transplants. Calcium channel blockers are widely used in medical practice for the management of cardiovascular disorders. Due to their wide range of use, gingival overgrowth is now a recognized side-effect associated with them. Here we discuss a case report dealing with severe gingival overgrowth induced by cyclosporine and amlodipine. A 36-year-old man who underwent renal transplant came with a chief complaint of generalized gingival swelling. He had very severe gingival overgrowth in both arches and required thorough scaling and oral hygiene instructions, followed by supportive periodontal therapy for 4 months, after which radical gingivectomy using electrocautery and CO2laser was performed. The post operative results were excellent and there was no recurrence at 1 year follow-up.
Unerupted Maxillary Central Incisor Associated with Compound Composite Odontoma: A Case Report
Authors: Dutta Samir , Malhotra Kamal , Rohilla Monika
Published: July 2019

Odontoma is the most common type of benign odontogenic tumor, and often causes disturbances in the eruption of its associated tooth. This case report documents a twelve -year-old-child with a compound odontoma located in the anterior maxilla, which caused the impaction of the maxillary central incisor. Spontaneous eruption of the involved tooth occurred once the odontoma was surgically removed.
Natal Teeth: A Report of Three Cases
Authors: Ertas ET , Sekerci AE , Sisman Y , Sahman H , Etoz M
Published: July 2019

Cases of infants born with a tooth or teeth or have teeth that erupted within the first month of their birth are rare in occurrence. Teeth present in the oral cavity at birth are termed natal teeth, while those which erupt during the first 30 days of life are called neonatal teeth. Natal and neonatal teeth usually represent units of normal primary dentition, and only 1 to 10% are supernumerary, therefore dentists advise they be left in the mouth to avoid future space management issues. In this case report we represent three cases with two each natal teeth and their long term follow-ups.
Trends in Attitudes Towards Orofacial Cleft by Pregnant Women and Future Need for Cleft Care
Authors: Kadagad P , Pinto P
Published: July 2019

AIM

To investigate the attitude of pregnant women towards prenatal ultrasound diagnosis of orofacial cleft and its impact on the future needs of cleft treatment.

METHODS

100 subjects consulting the department of obstetrics and gynecology of KLE PK Hospital and Medical research centre were interviewed using a questionnaire.

RESULTS

Only 3 patients out of 100 patients chose the option of medical termination of pregnancy over continuation of pregnancy on prenatal ultrasound diagnosis of cleft.

CONCLUSION

Majority of pregnant women chose to continue pregnancy on prenatal ultrasound diagnosis of cleft; hence the implication to scale up the provision of future cleft therapy.
Xerostomia and its Dental Implications: A Review
Authors: Madhumathi V , Swamy R
Published: July 2019

Xerostomia is a relatively common complaint often related to the use of certain pharmacological agents. Knowledge about xerostomia, its effect on oral health among the aged population and provision of modified dental care for these patients are the objectives of this review. Further explaining the methods to improve the comfort and oral function of dentate and edentate patients with dry mouth.
Idiopathic Gingival Fibromatosis: Review of Literature and A Case Report
Authors: Singhal R , Rozra S , Bhagol A
Published: July 2019

Idiopathic Gingival Fibromatosis (IGF) is a rare condition of gingival enlargement that is characterized by gingival enlargement of normal colour and firm consistency that is non-haemorrhagic and asymptomatic. The purpose of this article is to report a case of 6-year old male child and review the literature related to IGF.