bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Disparities in transvenous lead extraction in young adults
Authors: Kutarski Andrzej , Jacheć Wojciech , Tułecki Łukasz , Czajkowski Marek , Nowosielecka Dorota , Stefańczyk Paweł , Tomków Konrad , Polewczyk Anna
Published: June 2022

Adults with cardiac implantable electronic devices (CIEDs) implanted at an early age constitute a specific group of patients undergoing transvenous lead extraction (TLE). The aim of this study is to assess safety and effectiveness of TLE in young adults. A comparative analysis of two groups of patients undergoing transvenous lead extraction was performed: 126 adults who were 19–29 years old at their first CIED implantation (early adulthood) and 2659 adults who were > 40 years of age at first CIED implantation and < 80 years of age at the time of TLE (middle-age/older adulthood). CIED-dependent risk factors were more common in young adults, especially longer implant duration (169.7 vs. 94.0 months). Moreover younger age of patients at first implantation, regardless of the dwell lead time, is a factor contributing to the greater development of connective tissue proliferation on the leads (OR 2.587; p < 0.001) and adhesions of the leads with the heart structures (OR 3.322; p < 0.001), which translates into worse TLE results in this group of patients. The complexity of procedures and major complications were more common in younger group (7.1 vs. 2.0%; p < 0.001), including hemopericardium (4.8 vs 1.3; p = 0.006) and TLE-induced tricuspid valve damage (3.2 vs.0.3%; p < 0.001). Among middle-aged/older adults, there were 7 periprocedural deaths: 6 related to the TLE procedure and one associated with indications for lead removal. No fatal complications of TLE were reported in young adults despite the above-mentioned differences (periprocedural mortality rate was comparable in study groups 0.3% vs 0.0%; p = 0.739). Predictors of TLE-associated major complications and procedure complexity were more likely in young adults compared with patients aged > 40 to < 80 years. In younger aged patients prolonged extraction duration and higher procedure complexity were combined with a greater need for second line tools. Both major and minor complications were more frequent in young adults, with hemopericardium and tricuspid valve damage being predominant.
Association between serum apolipoprotein B and atrial fibrillation: a case–control study
Authors: Zhong Xia , Jiao Huachen , Zhao Dongsheng , Teng Jing
Published: June 2022

The relationship between apolipoprotein B (APOB) and atrial fibrillation (AF) is less well-known. We aimed to investigate the association between APOB and AF by gender. We conducted a case–control study including 1913 consecutive hospitalized patients to analyze the association between APOB and AF. 950 AF patients and 963 age-, sex-matched non-AF patients with sinus rhythm were evaluated. T-test, Mann–Whitney test, ANOVA, and Chi-square analysis were performed to analyze baseline data and intergroup comparisons. Pearson's correlation tests or Spearman correlation tests were performed to determine the interrelationships. Multiple regression analysis was performed to adjust for covariables. The receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve was constructed to examine the performance of APOB. AF patients had lower APOB (P < 0.001) and an independent negative association between APOB and AF in both genders adjusting for confounding factors (OR 0.121, 95% CI 0.067–0.220, P < 0.001), regardless of statin use. APOB was positively correlated with total cholesterol (TC) (r = 0.529, p < 0.001), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) (r = 0.545, p < 0.001), apolipoprotein A1 (APOA1) (r = 0.083, p < 0.001), and albumin (ALB) (r = 0.134, p < 0.001). ROC curve analysis showed that APOB level = 0.895 g/L was the most optimal cut-off value, the area under the ROC curve was 0.722. This study shows a protective association of APOB with AF in men and women. It implies APOB may be a potential biomarker for AF with a promising cut-off point of 0.895 g/L and may involve initiating and maintaining AF along with several metabolic factors.
Design and optimization of wall-climbing robot impeller by genetic algorithm based on computational fluid dynamics and kriging model
Authors: Fang Yi , Wang Shuai , Cui Da , Bi Qiushi , Jiang Ruihua , Yan Chuliang
Published: June 2022

In recent years, wall-climbing robots have begun to replace manual work at heights to reduce economic losses and casualties caused by working at heights. This paper designs a negative pressure adsorption type wall-climbing robot and analyzes the internal fluid movement state of its negative pressure device and the force analysis of the robot when it is adsorbed and balanced. Furthermore, through the experimental prototype, the influence of wall material, robot pose, negative pressure cavity shape and sealing method on the adsorption performance of the wall-climbing robot is explored. The computational fluid dynamics simulation (CFD) simulation method and experimental results are used to verify each other, which proves the correctness of the simulation results. Based on the Kriging surrogate model, the functional relationship between the impeller blade outlet angle, the impeller inlet diameter, the number of blades as the design variables, the negative pressure as the dependent variable was established, and the genetic algorithm (GA) was used to optimize it. Compared with the original design, the optimized design results of impeller parameters have increased the negative pressure value from 3534.75 to 4491.19 Pa, an increase of 27.06%.
Chromium removal from tannery wastewaters with a strong cation exchange resin and species analysis of chromium by MINEQL+
Authors: Kocaoba Sevgi , Cetin Gulten , Akcin Goksel
Published: June 2022

Chromium (III) salts are highly applied for tanning purpose in tannery industries. The purpose of this study was removal and recovery of chromium(III) from tannery wastewater with a strong cation exchange resin. For this purpose, Amberlite 252 ZU was chosen as a strong cation exchange resin. In the first part of this study, The MINEQL+ computer program was applied depending on the optimum concentration and pH for determining Cr species in aqueous solutions. The second part of the work consists of measuring the exchange equilibrium of H+ ions and Cr(III) ions. Therefore, solutions containing fixed amounts of chromium were brought into contact with different amounts of resins. The evaluation of the obtained equilibrium parameters was done by surface complexing theory. Retention and regeneration steps were successfully performed in the column without any significant change up to 10 cycles. Efficiency was between 90 and 98% in removal studies, and between 81 and 92% in recovery studies. The results showed that a strong cation exchange resin Amberlite 252 ZU can be successfully used for chromium removal and recovery.
The Origin of Chirality in the Molecules of Life
Authors: Guijarro Albert
Published: June 2022

This book provides an interdisciplinary review of one of the great unsolved mysteries that has fascinated scientists for over 150 years: the origin of chirality in biomolecules. Current advances in fields as diverse as space exploration, prebiotic chemistry and high-energy physics may help to provide an answer. Important pieces of information will come from observations at the two frontiers of science: outer space and the subatomic world. Observation of distant planets, galaxies, and even actual sampling of celestial objects from beyond the solar system are projects currently underway. At the other end of the spectrum, there are experiments that study the elemental properties of matter, such as symmetry, and interactions with the fundamental forces. Completely revised and updated this new edition once again unifies all the theories of the origin of biomolecular homochirality together in a single source. This complete, interdisciplinary review of an intriguing subject condenses a large and disparate range of contributions from journals in almost every scientific field. The various theories have been organized, interrelated and explained in a unified way. It is fundamental, comprehensive and structured to be accessible for educational purposes.
Preparation of trimetallic electrocatalysts by one-step co-electrodeposition and efficient CO2 reduction to ethylene
Authors: Jia Shuaiqiang , Zhu Qinggong , Wu Haihong , Han Shitao , Chu Mengen , Zhai Jianxin , Xing Xueqing , Xia Wei , He Mingyuan , Han Buxing
Published: June 2022

Trimetallic Cu10La1Cs1 catalysts prepared via a one-step co-electrodeposition strategy can act as a robust electrocatalyst for CO2RR to C2H4.
Nanodrug regulates lactic acid metabolism to reprogram the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment for enhanced cancer immunotherapy
Authors: Tian Li-Rong , Lin Min-Zhao , Zhong Hui-Hai , Cai Yu-Jun , Li Bo , Xiao Ze-Cong , Shuai Xin-Tao
Published: June 2022

A novel strategy of tumor microenvironment reprogramming by Intra/extracellular lactic acid exhausting for antitumor immune therapy.
Synthesis of symmetrical secondary oligoethylene glycolated amines from diethanolamine
Authors: Yang Hao , Li Yu , Lin Ruoyun , Ouyang Zhen , Han Mingli , Zhu Lijun , Chen Shizhen , Zhou Xin , Jiang Zhong-Xing
Published: June 2022

A convenient and scalable three-step synthesis of symmetrical M-OEGs secondary amines with structural diversity was developed from commercially available diethanolamine and avoided the use of explosive sodium azide.
A simple approach to C3-ethoxycarbonylmethylation of thiophenes/furans with diethyl bromomalonate
Authors: Huang Mengmeng , Tang Jingzhou , Kim Jung Keun , Gong Ming , Zhang Jianye , Li Yabo , Wu Yangjie
Published: June 2022

A mild method to produce C3-malonated products was developed via a visible-light-induced radical reaction of 2-substituted thiophenes/furans with diethyl bromomalonate.
2-Dimensional rare earth metal–organic frameworks based on a hexanuclear secondary building unit as efficient detectors for vapours of nitroaromatics and volatile organic compounds
Authors: Panagiotou Nikos , Moscoso Francisco García , Lopes-Costa Tânia , Pedrosa José María , Tasiopoulos Anastasios J.
Published: June 2022

A new family of microporous 2-dimensional rare earth metal organic frameworks based on a hexanuclear secondary building unit with capability to selectively detect vapours of volatile organic compounds and nitroaromatic explosives is reported.
Physicochemical properties, immunostimulatory and antioxidant activities of a novel polysaccharide isolated from Mirabilis himalaica (Edgew) Heim
Authors: Bo Surina , Dan Mu , Han Wenjie , Ochir Sarangua , Bao Liang , Liu Lingwei , Muschin Tegshi , Baigude Huricha
Published: June 2022

Herbal medicines often contain bioactive polysaccharides.
Subchronic toxicity of magnesium oxide nanoparticles to Bombyx mori silkworm
Authors: Ma Lin , Andoh Vivian , Shen Zhongyuan , Liu Haiyan , Li Long , Chen Keping
Published: June 2022

The subchronic toxicity of MgO NPs was studied by silkworm model, from the levels of animal entirety, tissues, and genes.
Preparation of a “Branch-Fruit” structure chitosan nanofiber physical hydrogels with high mechanical strength and pH-responsive controlled drug release properties
Authors: Wen Ying , Li Xiaofeng , Zhang Sihan , Xie Chong , Ma Wei , Liang Lun , He Zhenqiang , Duan Hao , Mou Yonggao , Zhao Guanglei
Published: June 2022

Representation of the gelation mechanism of CSNF/HA/β-GP precursor solution.
Copper-catalyzed radical cascade reaction of simple cyclobutanes: synthesis of highly functionalized cyclobutene derivatives
Authors: Liu Chunyang , Shangguan Xiaoyan , Li Yan , Zhang Qian
Published: June 2022

A novel radical cascade strategy for the synthesis of highly functionalized cyclobutenes directly from cyclobutanes involving rare four or five C–H bonds cleavage and two C–N/C–S or three C–Br bonds formation has been successfully developed.
A DNAzyme-augmented bioorthogonal catalysis system for synergistic cancer therapy
Authors: You Yawen , Liu Hao , Zhu Jiawei , Wang Yibo , Pu Fang , Ren Jinsong , Qu Xiaogang
Published: June 2022

A DNAzyme-augmented and tumor-targeted bioorthogonal catalysis system is constructed for synergistic cancer therapy. It promotes the generation of Cu(i) and ROS using endogenous H2O2, thereby achieving in situ drug synthesis and chemodynamic therapy.
Rotation–translation coupling of soft objects in lubricated contact
Authors: Kargar-Estahbanati Arash , Rallabandi Bhargav
Published: June 2022

We study the coupling between rotation and translation of a submerged cylinder in lubricated contact with a soft elastic substrate.
Understanding the electrochemical reaction mechanisms of precious metals Au and Ru as cathode catalysts in Li–CO2 batteries
Authors: Hu Jian , Yang Chao , Guo Kunkun
Published: June 2022

The electrochemical reaction mechanisms of Au and Ru as cathode catalysts in Li–CO2 batteries are firstly studied by first-principles density functional theory (DFT) calculations.
High-efficiency oxygen evolution catalyzed by Sn–Co–Ni phosphide with oriented crystal phases
Authors: Liu Xin , Huang Jun , Li Tongtong , Chen Wei , Chen Guangliang , Han Liting , Ostrikov Kostya (Ken)
Published: June 2022

The resulting SnPi@CoP–Ni5P4/NCF shows an excellent electrocatalytic performance of OER, which is indicated by a low overpotential of 364 mV for transferring j600 and a low activity decay (2.1%) for the pushed j100 for 50 h.
Recent advances of catalytic hairpin assembly and its application in bioimaging and biomedicine
Authors: Tian Ziyi , Zhou Chen , Zhang Chuyan , Wu Mengfan , Duan Yixiang , Li Yongxin
Published: June 2022

Catalytic hairpin assembly (CHA) appears to be a particularly appealing nucleic acid amplification technique. This review provides an exhaustive summary about the progress of CHA and its application in bioimaging and biomedicine.
User‐optimized data transmission scheduling based on edge community service in opportunistic social network
Authors: Wang Ziqi , Jiao Ying , WU Jia
Published: June 2022

In order to improve transmission performance, opportunistic social networks are widely used in 5G mobile network communication for network congestion. However, transferring large amounts of data in an instant will lead to data redundancy problems, which will affect the transmission quality. The authors propose a method called user‐optimized data transmission scheduling based on edge community service in opportunistic social networks (ECSUO). This method constructs the edge community service model by introducing mobile edge computing into the opportunistic social network. Then several scheduling factors are set to coordinate the dynamic priority assessment. The simulation results show that ECSUO performs better than other classical opportunistic complex network algorithms in a variety of transmission quality evaluation indexes, and this method also has good applicability when applied to different transmission models.
SREFBN: Enhanced feature block network for single‐image super‐resolution
Authors: Ketsoi Vachiraporn , Raza Muhammad , Chen Haopeng , Yang Xubo
Published: June 2022

Deep learning has assisted the field of single‐image super‐resolution (SR) in achieving new heights. However, the task of restoring a high‐resolution (HR) image from a highly degraded low‐resolution (LR) image is sophisticated due to poor image restoration quality. A novel and effective lightweight SR method is presented as super‐resolution via an enhanced feature block network (SREFBN) that successfully reconstructs an HR image using a corresponding LR image with a purposed deep residual block. In addition, a novel shared parameters approach in the top‐down pathway among low‐level feature maps is introduced. The experimental results prove that SREFBN achieves remarkable performance. The presented framework requires lower computational cost and outperforms many state‐of‐the‐art methods. It is also highly adaptable with low‐end devices, requiring lower multiplication and adding operations. A trade‐off comparison between the number of parameters, execution time, and accuracies is given while also showing different variations of our approach to prove the effectiveness and reliability of the shared parameters. Most importantly, the results indicate that our framework has gained state‐of‐the‐art performance on larger scales 3 and 4. Code is available at https://github.com/curzii23/SREFBN.
Robust age estimation model using group‐aware contrastive learning
Authors: Li Xiaoqiang , Guo Chengyu , Wu Yifan , Zhu Congcong , Li Jide
Published: June 2022

Although great efforts have been devoted to developing lightweight models for age estimation in recent works, the robustness is still unsatisfactory in unconstrained environments. This paper proposes a Group‐aware Contrastive Network (GACN), a robust lightweight model, which extracts discriminative features by leveraging contrastive learning rather than increasing model parameters. Specifically, with a carefully designed contrastive loss function, GACN minimizes intra‐class distances and maximizes inter‐class distances between different age groups in feature space. Thus, faces belonging to the same age group are pulled together, while clusters of faces from different age groups are pushed apart. Unlike existing contrastive learning methods, which are separated from the downstream tasks, GACN integrates contrastive learning into age regression and jointly optimizes them for age representation learning. This allows to achieve robust age estimation using a lightweight network that is 1/662 of the model size of VGGNet. Extensive experiments on IMDB‐WIKI, Morph II, and FG‐NET demonstrate that the proposed method has a significant improvement over the baseline model and performs comparably to existing compact and bulky methods.
High gain frequency scanning antenna using dumbbell‐shaped inclined slots and parallel plate waveguide polariser
Authors: Badawy Taher , Bertuch Thomas , Loecker Claudius , Knott Peter
Published: June 2022

A high gain vertically polarised travelling‐wave frequency scanning array antenna fed by a meander rectangular waveguide is presented for Ku‐band operation. The proposed antenna is used in a radar demonstrator setup to detect and monitor birds in direct proximity to the wind farms. The goal is to prevent collisions of birds with wind farms. The proposed antenna consists of 34 inclined dumbbell‐shaped radiating slots integrated with a parallel‐plate waveguide. The proposed meandered feeding structure is used to enlarge the beam scanning angle range over frequency. The dumbbell‐shaped radiating slots are employed in the narrow wall of the meandered waveguide due to the space restriction of the meandering. The parallel‐plate waveguide is used as a polarisation filter to reduce the cross‐polarisation level of the proposed antenna owing to the inclination of the radiating slots. An E‐plane horn is used to reduce the beamwidth in the elevation plane. The overall size of the antenna is 20.6λ in length and 15λ in width, where λ is the free space wavelength at 15.55 GHz. The antenna operates in the frequency range from 15.40 to 15.70 GHz. The half power beamwidth is about 4° in the azimuth plane and about 20° in the elevation plane at 15.55 GHz. The main beam of the antenna steers over frequency to cover 39° of angular range in the azimuth plane. A Taylor distribution is applied to achieve sidelobe level below −25 dB in the same plane and 26 dBi gain over the operating frequency range. The antenna array is fabricated and measured successfully to verify the proposed approach. The fabricated antenna shows an impedance matching significantly better than 10 dB in the operating frequency. The measured gain is higher than 25 dB throughout its frequency range.
High step‐up combined boost‐Cuk converter with switched‐inductor
Authors: Li Hongzhu , Cheng Lihong , Sun Xuanjin , Li Chao
Published: June 2022

In this paper, a novel boost‐Cuk converter topology based on the combination of a boost and Cuk converters is proposed. The converter has the characteristics of boost and Cuk converters, voltage gain is improved, and the input and output current of the converter is continuous. To further enhance the voltage gain, switching inductance technology is introduced. The proposed converter is designed using magnetic integration, and the influence of magnetic coupling technology on inductance current ripple is theoretically investigated to obtain the converter's minimum inductance current ripple design. A prototype is realised to confirm the validity of the theoretical analysis and the operation of the proposed converter.
Integrated magnetics optimization process for an interleaved three‐phase buck converter at 500 kHz
Authors: Liu Yu‐Chen , Chen Chen , Chung Yu‐Chen , Tsai Meng‐Chi , Kim Katherine A.
Published: June 2022

The optimization of magnetics in power converters switching at high frequencies is needed to achieve high power density and high efficiency. This work provides the design and optimization process of a coupled inductor used in a three‐phase interleaved buck converter that is part of a two‐stage motor drive circuit. The converter uses wide‐bandgap switch devices to reduce switching losses under high‐frequency operation and a coupled inductor that integrates three independent inductors to reduce the number and size of magnetic components. The relationship between the equivalent inductance of the coupled inductor and the coupling coefficient is analysed for different core shapes under various duty cycles. The optimization procedure for the three‐phase coupled inductor core structure is presented that allows for the coupling coefficient to be reduced by adding magnetic volume to reduce the inductor current ripple, while the core loss is reduced by 10.5%. A prototype of the 500‐W three‐phase interleaved converter that operates at 500 kHz with the proposed integrated magnetics technology was tested in experiment, exhibiting a maximum efficiency of 98.63% at full load power.
Finding strong gravitational lenses through self-attention
Authors: Thuruthipilly Hareesh , Zadrozny Adam , Pollo Agnieszka , Biesiada Marek
Published: June 2022

Context.The upcoming large-scale surveys, such as the Rubin Observatory Legacy Survey of Space and Time, are expected to find approximately 105strong gravitational lenses by analysing data many orders of magnitude larger than those in contemporary astronomical surveys. In this case, non-automated techniques will be highly challenging and time-consuming, if they are possible at all.

Aims.We propose a new automated architecture based on the principle of self-attention to find strong gravitational lenses. The advantages of self-attention-based encoder models over convolution neural networks (CNNs) are investigated, and ways to optimise the outcome of encoder models are analysed.

Methods.We constructed and trained 21 self-attention-based encoder models and five CNNs to identify gravitational lenses from the Bologna Lens Challenge. Each model was trained separately using 18000 simulated images, cross-validated using 2000 images, and then applied to a test set with 100 000 images. We used four different metrics for evaluation: classification accuracy, the area under the receiver operating characteristic (AUROC) curve, and TPR0and TPR10scores (two metrics of evaluation for the Bologna challenge). The performance of self-attention-based encoder models and CNNs participating in the challenge are compared.

Results.The encoder models performed better than the CNNs. They were able to surpass the CNN models that participated in the Bologna Lens Challenge by a high margin for the TPR0and TPR10. In terms of the AUROC, the encoder models with 3 × 106parameters had equivalent scores to the top CNN model, which had around 23 × 106parameters.

Conclusions.Self-attention-based models have clear advantages compared to simpler CNNs. They perform competitively in comparison to the currently used residual neural networks. Self-attention-based models can identify lensing candidates with a high confidence level and will be able to filter out potential candidates from real data. Moreover, introducing the encoder layers can also tackle the overfitting problem present in the CNNs by acting as effective filters.
RV-detected planets around M dwarfs: Challenges for core accretion models
Authors: Schlecker M. , Burn R. , Sabotta S. , Seifert A. , Henning Th. , Emsenhuber A. , Mordasini C. , Reffert S. , Shan Y. , Klahr H.
Published: June 2022

Context. Planet formation is sensitive to the conditions in protoplanetary disks, for which scaling laws as a function of stellar mass are known.

Aims. We aim to test whether the observed population of planets around low-mass stars can be explained by these trends, or if separate formation channels are needed.

Methods. We address this question by confronting a state-of-the-art planet population synthesis model with a sample of planets around M dwarfs observed by the HARPS and CARMENES radial velocity (RV) surveys. To account for detection biases, we performed injection and retrieval experiments on the actual RV data to produce synthetic observations of planets that we simulated following the core accretion paradigm.

Results. These simulations robustly yield the previously reported high occurrence of rocky planets around M dwarfs and generally agree with their planetary mass function. In contrast, our simulations cannot reproduce a population of giant planets around stars less massive than 0.5 solar masses. This potentially indicates an alternative formation channel for giant planets around the least massive stars that cannot be explained with current core accretion theories. We further find a stellar mass dependency in the detection rate of short-period planets. A lack of close-in planets around the earlier-type stars (M* > 0.4 M⊙) in our sample remains unexplained by our model and indicates dissimilar planet migration barriers in disks of different spectral subtypes.

Conclusions. Both discrepancies can be attributed to gaps in our understanding of planet migration in nascent M dwarf systems. They underline the different conditions around young stars of different spectral subtypes, and the importance of taking these differences into account when studying planet formation.
A search for transiting planets around hot subdwarfs
Authors: Thuillier A. , Van Grootel V. , Dévora-Pajares M. , Pozuelos F. J. , Charpinet S. , Siess L.
Published: June 2022

Context. Hot subdwarfs, which are hot and small He-burning objects, are ideal targets for exploring the evolution of planetary systems after the red giant branch (RGB). Thus far, no planets have been confirmed around them, and no systematic survey to find planets has been carried out.

Aims. In this project, we aim to perform a systematic transit survey in all light curves of hot subdwarfs from space-based telescopes (Kepler, K2, TESS, and CHEOPS). The goal is to compute meaningful statistics on two points: firstly, the occurrence rates of planets around hot subdwarfs, and secondly, the probability of survival for close-in planets engulfed during the RGB phase of their host. This paper focuses on the analysis of the observations carried out during cycle 1 of the TESS mission.

Methods. We used our specifically designed pipeline SHERLOCK to search for transits in the available light curves. When a signal is detected, it is processed in the next evaluating stages before an object is qualified for follow-up observations and in-depth analysis to determine the nature of the transiting body.

Results. We applied our method to the 792 hot subdwarfs observed during cycle 1 of TESS. While 378 interesting signals were detected in the light curves, only 26 stars were assigned for follow-up observations. We have identified a series of eclipsing binaries, transiting white dwarfs, and other types of false positives, but no planet has been confirmed thus far. A first computation of the upper limit for occurrence rates was made with the 549 targets displaying no signal.

Conclusions. The tools and method we developed proved their efficiency in analysing the available light curves from space missions, from detecting an interesting signal to identifying a transiting planet. This will allow us to fulfil the two main goals of this project.
GaiaData Release 3
Authors: Babusiaux C. , Fabricius C. , Khanna S. , Muraveva T. , Reylé C. , Spoto F. , Vallenari A. , Luri X. , Arenou F. , Álvarez M. A. , Anders F. , Antoja T. , Balbinot E. , Barache C. , Bauchet N. , Bossini D. , Busonero D. , Cantat-Gaudin T. , Carrasco J. M. , Dafonte C. , Diakité S. , Figueras F. , Garcia-Gutierrez A. , Garofalo A. , Helmi A. , Jiménez-Arranz Ó. , Jordi C. , Kervella P. , Kostrzewa-Rutkowska Z. , Leclerc N. , Licata E. , Manteiga M. , Masip A. , Monguió M. , Ramos P. , Robichon N. , Robin A. C. , Romero-Gómez M. , Sáez A. , Santoveña R. , Spina L. , Torralba Elipe G. , Weiler M.
Published: June 2022

Context.The thirdGaiadata release (DR3) provides a wealth of new data products. The early part of the release,GaiaEDR3, already provided the astrometric and photometric data for nearly two billion sources. The full release now adds improved parameters compared toGaiaDR2 for radial velocities, astrophysical parameters, variability information, light curves, and orbits for Solar System objects. The improvements are in terms of the number of sources, the variety of parameter information, precision, and accuracy. For the first time,GaiaDR3 also provides a sample of spectrophotometry and spectra obtained with the Radial Velocity Spectrometer, binary star solutions, and a characterisation of extragalactic object candidates.

Aims.Before the publication of the catalogue, these data have undergone a dedicated transversal validation process. The aim of this paper is to highlight limitations of the data that were found during this process and to provide recommendations for the usage of the catalogue.

Methods.The validation was obtained through a statistical analysis of the data, a confirmation of the internal consistency of different products, and a comparison of the values to external data or models.

Results.GaiaDR3 is a new major step forward in terms of the number, diversity, precision, and accuracy of theGaiaproducts. As always in such a large and complex catalogue, however, issues and limitations have also been found. Detailed examples of the scientific quality of theGaiaDR3 release can be found in the accompanying data-processing papers as well as in the performance verification papers. Here we focus only on the caveats that the user should be aware of to scientifically exploit the data.
GaiaData Release 3
Authors: Tanga P. , Pauwels T. , Mignard F. , Muinonen K. , Cellino A. , David P. , Hestroffer D. , Spoto F. , Berthier J. , Guiraud J. , Roux W. , Carry B. , Delbo M. , Dell’Oro A. , Fouron C. , Galluccio L. , Jonckheere A. , Klioner S. A. , Lefustec Y. , Liberato L. , Ordénovic C. , Oreshina-Slezak I. , Penttilä A. , Pailler F. , Panem Ch. , Petit J.-M. , Portell J. , Poujoulet E. , Thuillot W. , Van Hemelryck E. , Burlacu A. , Lasne Y. , Managau S.
Published: June 2022

Context.The third data release by theGaiamission of the European Space Agency (DR3) is the first release to provide the community with a large sample of observations for more than 150 thousand Solar System objects, including asteroids and natural planetary satellites. The release contains astrometry (over 23 million epochs) and photometry, along with average reflectance spectra of 60518 asteroids and osculating elements.

Aims.We present an overview of the procedures that have been implemented over several years of development and tests to process Solar System data at the level of accuracy thatGaiacan reach. We illustrate the data properties and potential with some practical examples.

Methods.In order to allow the users ofGaiaDR3 to best exploit the data, we explain the assumptions and approaches followed in the implementation of the data processing pipeline for Solar System processing, and their effects in terms of data filtering, optimisation, and performances. We then test the data quality by analysing post-fit residuals to adjusted orbits, the capacity of detecting subtle dynamical effects (wobbling due to satellites or shape and Yarkovsky acceleration), and to reproduce known properties of asteroid photometry (phase curves and rotational light curves).

Results.The DR3 astrometric accuracy is a clear improvement over the data published in DR2, which concerned a very limited sample of asteroids. The performance of the data reduction is met, and is illustrated by the capacity of detecting milliarcsecond-level wobbling of the asteroid photocentre that is due to satellite or shape effects and contributes to Yarkovsky effect measurements.

Conclusions.The third data release can in terms of data completeness and accuracy be considered the first full-scale realisation of the Solar System survey byGaia.
GaiaData Release 3
Authors: Ducourant C. , Krone-Martins A. , Galluccio L. , Teixeira R. , Le Campion J.-F. , Slezak E. , de Souza R. , Gavras P. , Mignard F. , Guiraud J. , Roux W. , Managau S. , Semeux D. , Blazere A. , Helmer A. , Pourbaix D.
Published: June 2022

Context.Since July 2014, theGaiaspace mission has been continuously scanning the sky and observing the extragalactic Universe with unprecedented spatial resolution in the optical domain (∼180 mas by the end of the mission).Gaiaprovides an opportunity to study the morphology of the galaxies of the local Universe (z < 0.45) with much higher resolution than has ever been attained from the ground. It also allows us to provide the first morphological all-sky space catalogue of nearby galaxies and galaxies that host quasars in the visible spectrum.

Aims.We present the Data Processing and Analysis Consortium CU4-Surface Brightness Profile fitting pipeline, which aims to recover the light profile of nearby galaxies and galaxies hosting quasars.

Methods.The pipeline uses a direct model based on the Radon transform to measure the two-dimensional surface brightness profile of the extended sources. It simulates a large set of 2D light profiles and iteratively looks for the one that best reproduces the 1D observations by means of a Bayesian exploration of the parameters space. We also present our method for setting up the input lists of galaxies and quasars to be processed.

Results.We successfully analysed 1 103 691 known quasars and detected a host galaxy around 64 498 of them (∼6%). We publish the surface brightness profiles of the host for a subset of 15 867 quasars with robust solutions. The distribution of the Sérsic index describing the light profile of the host galaxies peaks at ∼0.8 with a mean value of ∼1.9, indicating that these galaxies hosting a quasar are consistent with disc-like galaxies. The pipeline also analysed 940 887 galaxies with both a Sérsicand a de Vaucouleurs profile and derived robust solutions for 914 837 of them. The distribution of the Sérsic indices confirms thatGaiamostly detects elliptical galaxies and that very few discs are measured.
High-sensitivity in various gyrator-based circuits with exceptional points of degeneracy
Authors: Rouhi Kasra , Nikzamir Alireza , Figotin Alexander , Capolino Filippo
Published: June 2022

Exceptional points of degeneracy (EPD) can enhance the sensitivity of circuits by orders of magnitude. We show various configurations of coupled LC resonators via a gyrator that support EPDs of second and third-order. Each resonator includes a capacitor and inductor with a positive or negative value, and the corresponding EPD frequency could be real or imaginary. When a perturbation occurs in the second-order EPD gyrator-based circuit, we show that there are two real-valued frequencies shifted from the EPD one, following a square root law. This is contrary to what happens in a Parity-Time (PT) symmetric circuits where the two perturbed resonances are complex valued. We show how to get a stable EPD by coupling two unstable resonators, how to get an unstable EPD with an imaginary frequency, and how to get an EPD with a real frequency using an asymmetric gyrator. The relevant Puiseux fractional power series expansion shows the EPD occurrence and the circuit's sensitivity to perturbations. Our findings pave the way for new types of high-sensitive devices that can be used to sense physical, chemical, or biological changes.
La radio logicielle : un sujet d’enseignement et un moyen d’enseigner les communications sans fil à l’université
Authors: Moy C.
Published: June 2022

La radio logicielle est aujourd’hui un domaine d’embauche et une technologie qui pénètre de plus en plus l’industrie, au-delà des seules entreprises de conception et développement d’appareils radio. Plusieurs propositions de stage de fin d’étude d’ingénieurs ou de Master 2 sont directement centrées sur la radio logicielle chaque année. L’industrie, comme l’enseignement, utilise de plus en plus en effet des technologies de radio logicielle pour réaliser rapidement des preuves-de-concept et des démonstrateurs. Cet article vise à montrer comment on peut enseigner la radio logicielle.
« Learning by doing » en Nanosciences et Nanotechnologies au moyen des réalités virtuelles et de l’interaction multisensorielle avec systèmes haptiques au CIME Nanotech de Grenoble
Authors: Marchi F. , Friot J. , Fousse L. , Bain N. , Carrez J. , Bolcato V. , Castagné N.
Published: June 2022

Les comportements physiques aux échelles micro et nanométriques ne sont, naturellement, pas accessibles à l’expérience sensori-motrice. En conséquence, recourir en pédagogie à des stations de réalité virtuelle (RV) simulant des lois micro/ nanométriques, équipées de systèmes gestuels à retour d’effort et de transducteurs visuels et sonores, présente une possibilité inouïe : celle d’une appréhension de nature intuitive et incarnée des comportements en jeu, se construisant d’abord au moyen de l’implication sensori-motrice des apprenants ; ceci est susceptible de renforcer, en parallèle, la construction d’un savoir théorique. De plus, la RV est un attrait important pour les adolescents et les jeunes adultes souvent adeptes d’environnements numériques ludiques, ce qui possiblement renforce leurs motivation et implication dans l’apprentissage lorsque la RV est envisagée sous forme d’«applications pédagogiques ». Fort de ces constats, le CIME développe en partenariat, depuis une dizaine d’années, des stations de RV interactives pour la pédagogie en Nanosciences et Nanotechnologies. Elles sont couramment intégrées dans des TP dispensés en Licence et Master en sciences et technologies ainsi que lors d’ateliers découvertes destinés aux lycéens. Ces enseignements par apprentissage au moyen des stations, sont récemment complétés par ceux en STIC : apprentissage des sciences et technologies de ces stations elles-mêmes.
Apprentissage de la conception de circuits intégrés : une introduction par la technologie à l’aide d’un logiciel de TCAD
Authors: Lincelles JB. , Goiffon V. , Respaud M.
Published: June 2022

Nous présentons le développement d’un stage de CAO (Conception Assistée par Ordinateur) pour des étudiants de niveau bac+5 découvrant le domaine de la microélectronique. Le but de ce stage est de délivrer dans un laps de temps relativement court (2 jours) les notions importantes sur la conception d’un circuit intégré en technologie CMOS. Pour cela, le travail se base sur une découverte du procédé CMOS par la TCAD (Technology Computer Aided Design) permettant d’introduire le procédé de fabrication d’un MOSFET et de relier ses grandes étapes à la logique de dessin par couche lors de la conception du transistor (layout).
Introduction aux micro et nano technologies pour la réalisation de capteurs pour application médicale
Authors: Rousseau L. , Français O. , Lissorgues G.
Published: June 2022

Le domaine des capteurs pour la santé est en pleine évolution au travers des applications liées à l’IoT (Internet of Things) qui s’appuient fortement sur les micro-nanotechnologies pour leur développement. De nouvelles solutions de monitoring continu des paramètres physiologiques sont imaginées et intégrées sur des substrats souples pour des applications in-vitro ou in-vivo. Le développement des laboratoires sur puce connait également un fort essor afin de manipuler des composés biologiques ou mimer des organes sur puce. Ces miro-systèmes peuvent être intégrés avec une électronique de conditionnement afin de rendre ces systèmes communicants. La formation sur ces nouvelles technologies est un enjeu majeur pour l’avenir. Pour permettre aux étudiants de réaliser leurs propres capteurs souples personnalisés ou des structures microfluidiques, à ESIEE-Paris avec le soutien du CEMIP, nous avons mis en place un système de lithographie sans masque (maskless lithography). Dans cet article les premières réalisations mise en place avec ce système pour nos étudiant.e.s ingénieur.e.s sont présentées.
Procédé de fabrication d’un circuit redresseur de puissance : de la fabrication de diodes Silicium à leur assemblage sur substrat métallisé d’alumine
Authors: Debéda H. , Gracia A. , Dematos M. , Favre I. , Plano B. , Tomas J. , Tan R. , Rouabhi C. , Respaud M.
Published: June 2022

Les deux pôles CNFM (Coordination Nationale pour la Formation en Microélectronique et en nanotechnologies) de Toulouse et Bordeaux, AIME et PCB respectivement, ont associé leurs compétences pour créer des formations sur la thématique de l’électronique de puissance : procédé de fabrication de composants pour l’AIME, et leur assemblage sur un substrat céramique pour le PCB. Le circuit choisi, un redresseur de puissance (Pont de Graetz) a permis de valider le procédé de fabrication des diodes de puissance nouvellement mis au point à l’AIME. L’intérêt de cette collaboration inter-pôle est double (i) proposer aux étudiants un TP complet allant du composant élémentaire, à leur assemblage et la caractérisation élémentaire ou du redresseur de puissance, (ii) avoir possibilité de changer selon l’application finale les caractéristiques électriques et dimensionnelles des diodes, (iii) bien connaître les caractéristiques des diodes en prévision des études de fiabilité du composant.
Les systèmes neuroinspirés appliqués à la vision artificielle : pédagogie et interdisciplinarité
Authors: Henniquau D. , Vanbesien-Mailliot C. , Falez P. , Devienne P. , Vlandas A. , Cappy A. , Hoel V.
Published: June 2022

Le traitement neuroinspiré de l’information et le domaine des neurobiosystèmes sont deux pans de la recherche à fort potentiel de développement. Appliquées au domaine de la vision artificielle, elles visent au développement de nouvelles applications comme la conception d’implants rétiniens et/ou de caméras « intelligentes ». Des actions sont menées dans le domaine de la médiation scientifique et de la formation, au travers d’un stand à l’Xpérium et le développement d’une nouvelle unité d’enseignement (UE) appelée « Neuroengineering », intégrée au parcours de formation du Master « Biotechnologies » proposé à l’université de Lille. Le stand présenté à l’Xpérium montre à des jeunes lycéens et étudiants que l’utilisation d’architectures neuroinspirées dans un système de vision artificielle doit conduire à une forte amélioration des performances associée à une réduction de la consommation énergétique. Il s’agit d’une expérience pédagogique innovante auprès des jeunes générations montrant les enjeux des activités de recherche en construction dans les laboratoires. Pour l’UE Neuroengineering, les sujets abordés en séance permettent d’amener les étudiants vers la compréhension des Trends and challenges in neuroengineering (1), notamment en posant la question du développement de neuroprothèses électroniques intelligentes permettant une communication bidirectionnelle entre des neurones vivants et artificiels.
Enseignement et évaluation de l’électronique analogique à distance en IUT première année
Authors: Uhring W. , Le Normand J-P. , Sittler J. , Martz J.
Published: June 2022

La crise sanitaire causée par la pandémie mondiale de la Covid 19 a profondément modifié notre société. L’enseignement à distance s'est imposé comme une alternative à l’enseignement en présentiel. L’électronique analogique est une matière très appliquée et il est indispensable de manipuler et de pratiquer. Cet article décrit la solution qui a été mise en place pour l’enseignement de l’électronique analogique à l’IUT de Haguenau et notamment les travaux pratiques et l’évaluation du module d’enseignement à distance.
Diffusion welding of CoCrNi Medium-entropy alloy (MEA) and SUS 304 stainless steel using different interlayers
Authors: Samiuddin Muhammad , Li Jinglong , Sun Xianjun , Xiong Jiangtao
Published: June 2022

With the emergence of entropy alloys, the scientific community has been persuaded to explore its joining issues for some stimulating and un-explored engineering applications. Currently, CoCrNi Medium-entropy alloy (MEA) is considered to be an excellent cryogenic material which can retain highest strength and ductility even at cryogenic temperature (i.e. 77 K). With such extravagant properties, authors compelled to explore the joining issues of this alloy. Therefore, the motivation of this research was to examine the weldability of CoCrNi MEA with the commercially available SUS 304 stainless steel using different interlayers. This research work was mainly concerned to investigate the effect of Ni, Cu, and Nb interlayers on bond formation and interface reaction during vacuum diffusion welding process. Results clinched that Ni-interlayered joints were free from the formation of Intermetallic Compounds (IMCs) and offered maximum shear strength (425.5 MPa). Cu-interlayered joints displayed the formation of Cr-C IMCs at Cu-SUS interface while Nb-Co, Nb-Ni and Nb-Cr-Ni phases were formed at Nb-MEA side. Formation of microvoids, cracks and presence of IMCs was observed in Nb-interlayered welded samples which caused lowest shear strength (238.12 MPa). Energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) and electron probe micro analysis (EPMA) were used to examine the diffusion thickness, diffusivities of constituent elements and other microstructural features across the welded joints. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) scans and X-ray diffraction (XRD) was also executed on fractured surfaces to comprehend the joint formation mechanism.