bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Economic Costs of Diabetes in the U.S. in 2022
Authors: D. Parker Emily , Lin Janice , Mahoney Troy , Ume Nwanneamaka , Yang Grace , A. Gabbay Robert , A. ElSayed Nuha , R. Bannuru Raveendhara
Published: November 2023

OBJECTIVE

This study updates previous estimates of the economic burden of diagnosed diabetes and calculates the health resource use and indirect costs attributable to diabetes in 2022.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

We combine the demographics of the US population in 2022 with diabetes prevalence from national survey data, epidemiological data, healthcare cost, and economic data into a Cost of Diabetes Economic Model to estimate the economic burden at the population and per capita levels. Health resource use and associated medical costs are analyzed by age, sex, race/ethnicity, comorbid condition, and health service category. Data sources include national surveys (2015-2020, or most recent available), Medicare standard analytic files (2020), and administrative claims data from 2018-2021 for a large commercially insured population in the US.

RESULTS

The total estimated cost of diagnosed diabetes in 2022 is $412.9 billion, including $306.6 billion in direct medical costs and $106.3 billion in indirect costs attributable to diabetes. For cost categories analyzed, care for people diagnosed with diabetes accounts for 1 in 4 healthcare dollars in the US, 61% of which is attributable to diabetes. People with diabetes incur average annual medical expenditures of $19,736, of which approximately $12,022 is attributable to diabetes. People diagnosed with diabetes, on average, have medical expenditures 2.6-times higher than what would be expected without diabetes. Glucose lowering medications and diabetic supplies account for about 17% of the total direct medical costs attributable to diabetes. Major contributors to indirect costs are reduced employment due to disability ($28.3 billion), presenteeism ($35.8 billion), and lost productivity due to 338,526 premature deaths ($32.4 billion).

CONCLUSIONS

The inflation-adjusted economic costs of diabetes are estimated to rise slightly (7%) compared to the 2017 calculations (stated in 2022 dollars). Following decades of steadily increasing prevalence of diabetes, the overall estimated prevalence in 2022 remains relatively stable. However, the absolute number of people with diabetes has grown and contributes to increased healthcare expenditures, particularly per capita spending on inpatient hospital stays and prescription medications. The enormous economic toll of diabetes continues to burden society through direct medical and indirect costs.
Explication of Conventional and Smart Irrigation Systems with Challenging Factors
Authors: R Jebakumar
Published: November 2023

Throughout the world agriculture is the essential source of food. Therefore it is necessary to have a proper irrigation system for good productivity in agriculture. There are several factors that affect irrigation system such as irregularity in the distribution of rainfall, water scarcity, superfluous irrigation, scant irrigation, climate change, degradation of water quality etc. Each irrigation systems are combined with various technologies and proposed with various methods to enhance the irrigation management and reduce the water usage. Furthermore to raise the soil fertilization and diminish crop disease through the irrigation will help to magnify the productivity. The paper focused and analysed the existing and modern irrigation systems. This facilitates farmers to select suitable irrigation system according to their specifications.
Assessing the Level of Nanoimpurities in Water
Authors: V Yusupov
Published: November 2023

An approach is considered that makes it possible to quickly estimate the concentration of various nanoimpurities, including nanobubbles, in water even in samples of small volumes. The method is based on the effect of periodic generation and cavitation collapse of bubbles near the fiber tip during laser heating. We used a laser source with a wavelength of 1.94 µm coupled to an optical fiber with a fiber core diameter of 400 µm. The high sensitivity of the proposed approach lies in the fact that one critical nucleus of a new phase is sufficient for explosive boiling to begin, resulting in a growing bubble.
Student Assessment of Worship Facilities in Higher Education
Authors: Uldiman Uldiman , Putri Indiani Hasanah , Putri Uccy Adeh , Hamdi Hafizul
Published: November 2023

This research aims to explore students' assessments of worship facilities in higher education. This research uses a quantitative method with a survey approach, data sources were taken using a questionnaire from one hundred and thirty respondents who were students from twenty-nine universities in Indonesia, and analyzed using descriptive analysis techniques using SPSS version 20 software. The results of the analysis show that students agree with the fifteen indicators for assessing worship facilities in higher education, the fifteen assessment indicators are; i) The mosque/prayer room has a comfortable atmosphere for worship; ii) The mosque/prayer room has a sturdy building structure; iii) The design of the mosque/prayer room is good and beautiful; iv) The interior design of the mosque/prayer room is well arranged; v) The lighting in the mosque and its surroundings is good; vi) The mosque room is spacious and can accommodate many people; vii) The prayer equipment provided for mosque congregations is sufficient (for example, mukena and prayer mats); viii) The prayer rows are arranged neatly so that it is easier for the congregation to worship; ix) Cleanliness inside and outside the mosque/prayer room is maintained; x) Cleanliness of prayer equipment (mukena, prayer mat) provided by the mosque/prayer room is maintained; xi) The mosque/prayer room has a clean ablution area; xii) Mosques/prayer rooms have clean toilets; xiii) The security facilities in the mosque/prayer room are adequate; xiv) The safety of the congregation's belongings is guaranteed at the mosque/prayer room; and xv) Mosque/prayer room staff are friendly to the congregation. Overall, students agree with all points of the worship facilities assessment. Worship facilities at universities are considered to be good and can support the congregation in carrying out worship solemnly to Allah.
The Influence of Nonformal Education on Students' Cognitive Formation
Authors: Pancawardana Haris , Al Ayyubi Ibnu Imam , Rohmatulloh Rifqi , Murharyana Murharyana
Published: November 2023

In the world of education, it is categorized into two, namely education in schools and education outside of school. Out-of-school education or it can be said that non-formal education is education for the community, in this case, students who need educational services to complement the deficiencies of formal education. This research was conducted at Tridaya Tutoring with a quantitative research approach. This research method uses survey methods and correlation analysis to see the interrelationships of students' creative thinking and critical thinking variables based on cognitive stages, namely formal, transitional, and concrete thinking stages. The population of this study were class XII students at Bimbel Tridaya with a sample of 53 students. The research instrument used tests and questionnaires. Obtained pretest data showed that there was a difference in the average initial ability of students in the experimental class and control class in creative and critical thinking and the average posttest final ability of creative and critical thinking of experimental class students was better than the average control class. The improvement of students' creative and critical thinking skills in the experimental class was obtained better than that of the control class students. Learning outcomes with students' cognitive levels at the formal, transitional, and concrete stages have differences and do not have a significant influence on the development of student learning outcomes, but there is an association between students' creative and critical thinking abilities.
The Dynamics of Participation: The Tourism Object Management of Cigaru Blue Lake
Authors: Siregar Herlina , Irfani Lindawati Yustika
Published: November 2023

Changes are also resulted from the community ‘s efforts to develop Cigaru Blue Lake into a tourist attraction. In connection with all the changes that occur by the community participation, this study aims to describe 1) the stage of community participation in the management of Cigaru Blue Lake tourism object, 2) the dynamics of community participation in the management of the tourism object, and 3) the supporting and inhibiting factors of the community participation in the management of Cigaru Blue Lake tourism object. This study uses a qualitative approach with descriptive method. The data are collected through observations, interview, and documentations.  The results of the study show that the dynamics of participation that occurred in Cigaru Blue Lake tourist attraction brought some changes with the addition rides, adequate public facilities, and the ability to collaborate with the local government (Cisoka District). The supporting factors are the programs that are in accordance with the needs and interests of the community and comply with the prevailing values so as to create strong bonds between the communities. Meanwhile, the inhibiting factor is the geographical condition of the region and the week economy state of the community which makes the management run slowly.
Mathematical Disposition of Students Through the Application of the CTL to Basic Statistics Lectures
Authors: Delyana Hafizah , Gistituati Nurhizrah , Asmar Ali , Yerizon Yerizon , Armiati Armiati , Ramadoni Ramadoni , Melisa Melisa
Published: November 2023

Mathematical disposition is one aspect that influences a person's success in learning, because mathematical disposition is a person's attitude towards appreciating mathematics. This research aims to describe the mathematical disposition of students in the Mathematics Education Study Program at PGRI University of West Sumatra in the Basic Statistics course. The research subjects were 28 students from the class of 2021. The instruments used were a mathematics disposition questionnaire and interview sheets. Mathematical disposition is seen using 6 indicators, namely: 1) self-confidence, 2) curiosity, 3) feeling capable, 4) happy, diligent and diligent, 5) flexible, 6) reflective. The data analysis technique uses quantitative descriptive analysis techniques in the form of percentages. The results of this research show that learning outcomes have increased from the average pretest score (62) to posttest score (87). Based on the results of the Shapiro-Wilk statistical test, it was obtained that 0.03 was smaller than 0.05 and had a normal distribution, so the results of this research were acceptable and had a significant effect on students' mathematical disposition through the CTL approach.
The Role of Community Empowerment-Based Tourism Awareness Groups (Pokdarwis) in Developing Natural Tourism Potential in Seribu Gonjong Tourism Village
Authors: Rozi Muhamad Fahrur , Dasa Putri Lili , Ulwah Naseh
Published: November 2023

Seribu Gonjong Tourist Village (SARUGO) which is located in Jorong Sungai Dadok, Nagari Koto Tinggi, Gunung Omeh District, Limapuluh Kota, West Sumatra is one of 50 villages that was named the best tourist village by the Minister of Tourism and Creative Economy. This achievement cannot be separated from the role of Pokdarwis in managing natural and cultural tourism. The Minangkabau social system, which is known to uphold a sense of togetherness, has an impact in developing programs for independence and improving the community's economy through community empowerment. Empowerment is defined as an effort to fulfill the desired needs of individuals, groups and communities, in controlling their environment so that they can fulfill their desires, including accessibility to resources related to their work and developing the potential of local resources. Based on the description above, this research has the objectives of (1) To analyze the role of the Community Empowerment-based Tourism Awareness Group (POKDARWIS) in developing natural tourism potential in Seribu Gonjong Tourism Village. The method used in this research is qualitative with a case study approach. The stages of this research method are (1) Preliminary study of the research location, (2) Collecting data and profile of the SARUGO tourist village, (3) Developing instruments, (4) Data collection, (5) Analysis of findings, (6) Triangulation data, (7) drawing conclusions, and (8) preparing articles
Analysis of VNTRs (variable number tandem repeat) D1S80 in Biology students class
Authors: Sari Rahma Pinta  , Pradila Andini Novalia , Achyar Afifatul
Published: November 2023

DNA can be obtained from all parts of the body with the same profile in each person.  The   oral mucosal epithelium is one of the DNA sources that is often used for individual identification because of taking it using a swab method that does not hurt the volunteers.  The purpose of this study was to determine DNA polymorphism in Biology students of Class of 2022.  The sample used in this study were 49 people with details, 34 female and 15 male students. After cheek mucosa was sampling, the PCR and electrophoresis was performed to see the DNA bands formed. The visible band was measured in length and calculated using a formula to see the repeatability of the D1S80 locus on the DNA band. From the 49 samples which were collected, the DNA bands were seen in 27 samples with DNA band lengths ranging from 400-600 bp. The number of bands in each sample were also different. The highest frequency of locus repetitions was 26 repetitions and the lowest was 14 repetitions.
Gendering Local Governing: Canadian and Comparative Lessons – The Case of Metropolitan Vancouver
Authors: Gavan-Koop Denisa , Smith Patrick J.
Published: November 2023

The United Nations Special Advisor on Gender Issues and the Advancement of Women, Rachel Mayanja recently noted the slow progress toward gender equity in political representation in the world’s assemblies: while representation of women in national legislatures is up (now at 16.4% overall), there remain areas of slower progress, and the rate of change remains distinctly unhurried. Countries such as Canada offer a basis for some comparisons; so does comparing national, provincial/state/regional and local governments. What is posed here is some evidence from the Canadian case, with brief national comparisons with a variety of other countries. Central to this examination of Canada is a study, reported here, on women in local government in metropolitan Vancouver, providing lessons in terms of Canada and more generally.
Inaction Costs: Understanding Metropolitan Governmental System Reform Dynamics in Toronto
Authors: Stewart Kennedy
Published: November 2023

‘Transaction costs’ are widely used to explain why rational governments often do not implement their preferred policy options. According to this idea, governments weigh the benefits of new policies against the costs associated with defending these changes to legislative opponents, political supporters, agents and voters. Flipping the transaction costs framework, this article uses ‘inaction costs’ to explain why governments sometimes, and seemingly irrationally, implement non-preferred policy options. It suggests senior governments implement non-preferred policies only when inaction costs surpass the benefits of their preferred policy coupled with avoided transaction costs. This hypothesis is tested by using content analysis to examine metropolitan governmental system change dynamics in the Toronto Census Metropolitan Area.
Transformation, Transportation or Speculation? The Prince Rupert Container Port and its Impact on Northern British Columbia
Authors: Wilson Gary , Summerville Tracy
Published: November 2023

Much of the discussion around the port development has focused on the positive impacts that the container port will have on the regional economy. As the opening quote suggests, the port is being hailed a piece of “transformational infrastructure”, creating numerous opportunities for economic diversification in northern British Columbia. In this sense, therefore, it is widely expected that the container port will help to move the northern economy beyond the type of traditional resource dependency outlined by scholars such as Harold Innis (Drache, 1995). We will argue, however, that there are at least two other potential outcomes or scenarios concerning the port’s development and its impact on northern British Columbia which call into question some of the assumptions made by the port’s proponents. First, the port might be a great success as a gateway to a transportation corridor that stretches across western Canada and into the United States, but have little or no positive impact on the northern British Columbia economy. Second, the port might not live up to the expectations that have been set nationally or locally neither as a transportation gateway nor as a piece of transformational infrastructure
Canadian Sex Work Policy for the 21st Century: Enhancing Rights and Safety, Lessons from Australia
Authors: Jeffrey Leslie Ann , Sullivan Barbara
Published: November 2023

This paper reviews the current problematic state of public policy addressed to the sex trade in Canada. It explores the recent parliamentary inquiry into the sex trade and suggests that the Canadian polity needs to set in train a clear program for reform in this area. A particular priority of these reforms should be to enhance the safety and rights of sex workers. At present the Canadian polity is mired in philosophic, moral and political divisions over the acceptability of sex work and this is limiting the search for practical ways of addressing urgent social problems. We argue that this search needs to be wide and continuing and that some practical ‘lessons’ can be learned from Australia where reforms have been in place for some time.
Mulroney’s Shadows: The Many Images of Canada’s Eighteenth Prime Minister
Authors: Malloy Jonathan
Published: November 2023

Brian Mulroney has a multi-faceted and still-evolving legacy. He pleases few and angers many, but often for contradictory reasons. This paper uses the writings of Mulroney and others to explore his multiple and paradoxical images, including Mulroney as perfection, as American, as neo-conservative, as family man, as crook, and as comeback. It argues that there is perhaps no real Mulroney – only impressions and shadows. In this sense, Mulroney’s insecurities, yearnings and absence of an obvious core reflect very widespread Canadian values. If Pierre Trudeau represented what many want Canada to be, Brian Mulroney may reflect Canada as it really is.
Environmental Organizations and Climate Change Policy Capacity: An Assessment of the Canadian Case
Authors: Howlett Michael P. , Oliphant Samuel
Published: November 2023

The term ‘policy analytical capacity’ is used within the policy analysis literature to describe the ability of organizations to produce valuable research and analysis on topics of their choosing. As the scientific evidence becomes more clear, and various actors in society continue to point out that governments around the world will need to play a lead role in climate change mitigation and adaptation, there is good reason to believe that environmental policy makers and civil society stakeholders are going to require a high level of policy analytical capacity in order to create effective policies. This article examines the existing analytical capacity of three representative examples of Canada’s most important environmental policy research organizations - two governmental organizations and one NGO - in order to provide information about the status of each organizations’ research capacity and the effect this has on overall government policy-making capability in the face of climate change challenges.
Benedict Spinoza on the Naturalness of Democracy
Authors: Ward Lee
Published: November 2023

Benedict Spinoza is arguably the first important political philosopher to endorse democracy as the best government. He does so primarily on the basis of the claim that it is the most natural regime. However, there are features of Spinoza’s argument that complicate efforts to interpret his understanding of the naturalness of democracy, especially (i) the tension between his claims about the naturalness and rationality of democracy; and (ii) uncertainty about Spinoza’s attitude toward the natural end or goal of political life. This study argues that Spinoza’s claims about the naturalness of democracy are only fully intelligible in light of the connection between his metaphysics, on the one hand, and his conception of political right, on the other. We conclude that Spinoza believed the naturalness, and hence superiority, of democracy rests on its capacity to promote a formative purpose that includes both the perfection of social construction in the state and the intellectual and moral development of individuals.
An energy superpower or a super sales pitch? Building the case through an examination of Canadian newspapers coverage of oil sands
Authors: Way Laura
Published: November 2023

In 2006, Stephen Harper boldly pronounced Canada as an “emerging energy superpower” to a variety of international audiences, including at the G8 meeting in London. While this label is likely more representative of a marketing campaign than reality (Hester, 2007), it is important to understand the degree to which the Canadian media has embraced it. This paper determines the extent to which Canada’s national newspapers, the Globe and Mail and the National Post, and its largest paper, the Toronto Star, adopted the “energy superpower” frame in their reporting about Alberta’s oil sands over a 25-month period. The oil sands were selected as a case study because proponents of Canada as an “energy superpower” cite the development of Alberta’s oil sands as a key component of the country’s new-found status. To discover how this new label was intertwined into the broader discourse on oil sands development, I used content and discourse analysis to examine newspaper stories over 300 words in length that contain “oil sands” or “tar sands” in the lead paragraph and/or headline. While my study found few instances of news stories containing the term, it did find that these newspapers more closely adopted Harper’s underlying ideas about what an energy superpower is than the more activist government traditionally associated with the term
The lexicon of mainstreaming equality: Gender Based Analysis (GBA), Gender and Diversity Analysis (GDA) and Intersectionality Based Analysis (IBA)
Authors: Hankivsky Olena
Published: November 2023

In the last 15 years, much debate has ensued at the international level regarding gender mainstreaming (GM), its efficacy and future utility. In Canada, similar discussions have taken place where GM has largely been operationalized in the form of gender-based analysis (GBA). However, there has been a lack of clarity regarding the ways in which GBA as a conceptual framework compares to other approaches available for working towards equality in public policy, namely gender and diversity analysis (GDA) and intersectionality-based analysis (IBA). As a result, the potential of these models to respond to diversity and inequality, especially GBA and GDA, are often overstated and/or conflated. The purpose of this paper is to elucidate the similarities and differences between GBA, GDA, and IBA. This analysis illuminates the strengths and limitations of these types of approaches, especially in terms of how each conceptualizes and is able to address a wide variety of diversities among the Canadian population. This paper argues that only IBA is flexible enough to capture the multidimensional nature of oppression and discrimination because it disrupts the systematic prioritization of gender as a starting place for assessing experiences of inequality.
Moving mountains and applying band-aids: The state of policy capacity in Canada
Authors: Levasseur Karine
Published: November 2023

The literature on policy capacity in Canada suggests some governments have experienced an increase in policy capacity while other governments have experienced a decline. At the same time, the policy capacity of the voluntary sector in Canada is thought to be weak. Given the increased role that the voluntary sector is thought to play in the public policy process, this raises an important question: how do the differentiated policy capacities of government and the voluntary sector intersect? This paper provides an answer to this question through an examination of policy capacity at the programmatic – or micro - level. The paper identifies four case studies across Canada and assesses the impact of differentiated levels of policy capacity among voluntary organizations and the corresponding units/branches within government departments. The paper concludes that public policy process unfolds differently depending on the mix of policy capacity amongst actors.
Public, Private, and Non-profit Sector Employees: Voting Behaviour and Ideology in the 2011-2012 Provincial Elections
Authors: Rounce Andrea D. , Levasseur Karine
Published: November 2023

This paper focuses attention on the political orientation and civic behaviour of people working in the non-profit, private, and public sectors. While considerable research has been completed to understand how variables such as age and gender influence voting patterns, one variable that remains understudied is employment by sector. To develop hypothesis statements for this research, this paper begins with the Bureau Voting Model which is rooted in rational choice theory. The hypothesis statements are tested using data from the SSHRC-funded Canadian Provincial Election Project (CPEP) Survey, conducted post-provincial election in 2011-2012 in eight provinces. The paper concludes that while there were diverging orientations amongst employees in the three sectors, there were also some areas of convergence to suggest that there may be substantial diversity within each sector.
Comparing Child Care Policy in the Canadian Provinces
Authors: Pasolli Kelly Erica
Published: November 2023

The ten Canadian provinces offer a rich site for comparative analysis of child care policy. To utilize this, we construct a framework that uses quantitative measures to assess the variation in child care arrangements across the ten provinces. Our framework suggests that provincial child care variation is multi-dimensional and often involves trade-offs or compromises. This finding challenges some of the assumptions of regime theory, which suggests that social policy arrangements are logical and cohesive. We argue that while regime theory is useful for understanding broad differences in social policy arrangements, including differences between Canada and other industrialized democracies, empirical comparative analysis of the kind we have undertaken is important for uncovering the more complex and nuanced variation apparent in real-world policy arrangements at the provincial level.
Thawing the tuition freeze: The politics of policy change in comparative perspective
Authors: Rexe Deanna
Published: November 2023

This study examines the process by which two provinces made major change in tuition policies in Canada. The approach uses two alternative theories of policy change, the advocacy coalition framework and multiple streams of problems, policies, and politics. Using purposive sampling, the two cases selected were from British Columbia and Manitoba, and data were collected through systematic investigation using two key research tools: content analysis of relevant documentary materials and interviews of policy actors.
The Special Council of Lower Canada and the Origin of Canadian Sovereignty
Authors: Murphy Michael P. A.
Published: November 2023

Turning to Agamben’s notion of the decision of the “state of exception” as the fundamental act of the sovereign, this article traces the origin of Canadian sovereignty through a legal history of the suspension of habeas corpus in Lower Canada. Building both on the work of Canadianists engaging the political and legal theory of Giorgio Agamben and the work of Canadian historians on the Special Council of Lower Canada, this article demonstrates how Governor Colborne’s declaration of martial law in response to the 1837-1838 rebellions in Lower Canada reveals the genesis-moment of Canadian sovereignty. This historical contextualization of the Special Council fills an important gap in the historiography of the Council, as well as the continental approaches to applied theory in Canadian political science.
Electoral Parity or Protecting Minorities? Path Dependency and Consociational Districting in Nova Scotia
Authors: Bickerton Jim , Graham Glenn
Published: November 2023

Abstract: This article contributes to the study of electoral districting and minority group representation in Canada, Nova Scotia politics, and path dependency theory, through an analysis of electoral boundary commissions in Nova Scotia and relevant electoral boundaries jurisprudence. The concept of ‘protected ridings’ for historical minorities in Nova Scotia – specifically, Acadians and African Canadians – was introduced by the first provincial Electoral Boundaries Commission in 1992. This approach, referred to here as ‘consociational districting’, ran counter to the trend in electoral redistribution and apportionment exercises toward reducing the extent of population variance between electoral districts. When the continued application of this approach was rejected in 2012, its legality and validity were restored following a successful court challenge by the province’s Acadian federation. An analysis of this case study informed by historical institutionalism explores how path dependency has been a significant factor in the de facto constitutionalization of consociational representation for two historical minorities in Nova Scotia. In effect, history and institutions matter in the politics of redistricting, especially insofar as it concerns minority representation.
The Thermostat is Rising Again: Canadian's Belief in Anthropogenic Climate Change
Authors: Pikulski Natalie , Singh Suhani , Stickland Sarah , Mathan Pranol Kunjumon , Piscitelli Anthony
Published: November 2023

AbstractCanadian public opinion surveys from five Canadian polling firms in 29 separate surveys from 2007 to 2021 are used to measure changes in belief in anthropogenic climate change in Canada. By applying Stimson’s (1991) Dyad Ratio Algorithm to the surveys an index is created which shows a single trend line tracking belief in climate change over time. Belief in climate change declined from 2007 to 2011, then gradually increased to 2021. The research note concludes by suggesting there is an opportunity in Canada for action to address climate change which will continue to solve the problem even when public interest once again declines.ResuméVingt-huit sondages de l’opinion publique canadienne emmenée par cinq maisons de sondages canadiens de 2007 à 2019 sont utilisés pour mesurer le changement de la croyance au changement climatique anthropique au Canada. En appliquant l'Algorithme du rapport dyadique de Stimson (1991) aux sondages, on crée un index montrant une unique ligne de tendance suivant l'évolution de la croyance au changement climatique au fil du temps. De 2007 à 2011, la croyance au changement climatique a diminué, suivie d’une augmentation graduelle jusqu’en 2018. La conclusion de l'article de recherche suggère qu’il y a des opportunités au Canada pour agir contre le changement climatique et qu'ils continueront à résoudre le problème même si l'opinion publique s'en désintéresse.Key Words: Canada, public opinion and public policy, belief in climate changeMots-clés : Canada, opinion publique et les politiques publique, croyance dans le changement climatique
Las “malas” salidas y Franz Kafka. Reflexiones del joven Siegfried Kracauer (1926-1933) en torno a la vida bajo el capitalismo monopólico
Authors: Koval Martín
Published: November 2023

El propósito de este trabajo es explorar una serie de textos escritos por el joven Siegfried Kracauer entre 1926 y 1933 a fin de dar cuenta de su posicionamiento frente a la crisis del presente, marcada por el desmoronamiento del viejo orden burgués tras la finalización de la Gran Guerra en 1918 y el auge del capitalismo monopólico. Así, por un lado, se discute su rechazo de las nociones de Bildung y de comunidad en cuanto construcciones ideológicas que ya no pueden ofrecer una salida auténtica al desgarramiento epocal; y, por otro, se describe la alternativa irónico-realista que propone Kracauer, a partir de la que es posible entender la razón de su interés novedosamente profano por la obra literaria de un autor como Franz Kafka, con quien comparte el gesto de la mirada extrañada respecto del mundo de las alienaciones burguesas.
El municipio como un terreno de disputas. Las políticas de empleo y el reparto de poder durante el tercer gobierno peronista. Rosario, 1973-1976
Authors: Ponisio Mariana
Published: November 2023

En este artículo se analizan, a partir de un abordaje que privilegia la escala local, las políticas de empleo implementadas en la Municipalidad de Rosario durante el gobierno del FREJULI (1973-1976) y su relación con la capacidad de presión y de negociación de los actores partidarios y sindicales que disputaron poder dentro del municipio. Se muestra cómo las medidas que promovieron el empleo público y la estabilidad laboral fueron utilizadas con regularidad como un mecanismo para dirimir disputas políticas y sindicales del ámbito local y regional que se tradujeron en el control de determinados espacios dentro de la administración municipal.
Flavonoids: A Review On Extraction, Identification, Quantification, and Antioxidant Activity
Authors: Doloking Haeria , Tahar Nurshalati , Mukhriani  , Surya Ningsi
Published: November 2023

Flavonoids are polyphenolic compounds with a fifteen carbon basic skeleton (C6-C3-C6) composed of two benzene rings, A and B, connected by a pyran-C heterocyclic ring. The high interest in flavonoid research appears due to the numerous benefits of this compound based on its antioxidant activity. Various authors reported multiple studies in this regard. The research on methods of extraction, identification, quantification, and testing of antioxidant activity is compiled in this review. The most important part of this study is a review of the antioxidant activity assay method, which is equipped with the reaction mechanism.
Variations in Building Construction Projects in Ghana: A Public Organisational Perspective
Authors: Akomah Benjamin Boahene , Mustapha Zakari , Mensah Justice William , Lawson Roland William
Published: November 2023

The occurrence of variations in building construction contracts is a subject that needs some attention in public sector projects. They are, almost all the time, detrimental rather than beneficial variations. The paper aimed to identify the nature of variations in government-initiated building projects over fourteen years, from 2000 to 2014, in the Central Region and their impacts. Preliminary counts of documents revealed that a total of 348 projects were executed over the period. The data collection process started by first sorting out files, contract documents, and payment certificates for the period under consideration. These documents were scrutinised one after the other to detect possible variations. The inclusion criterion for selecting a project was if a project had any form of variation(s) recorded. After thoroughly examining these 348 project documents, 84 were found to have variations. The study identified additional works and substitutions as the most inherent variations in public building projects in the Central Region. About 85 % of the variations found in the 84 projects with various forms of variations were additional works and substitutions. It was revealed that the cost of multiple variations was higher than single variations. Projects with multiple variations had high percentage variation and durations than others. Percentage variation in some instances was 400 %. The study identified that multiple variations were more costly than single variations. The highest variation cost identified was (USD 211 864.41 or EUR 183 150.18) for one project. The study identified the nature of variations that usually occurred in government building projects and their association with both cost and time. The study asserts that the presence of multiple change orders has substantial financial significance and should be diligently avoided through efficient project initiation and planning.
Methodology for creating dynamic emergency vehicle availability maps
Authors: Lupa Michał , Naziemiec Weronika , Adamek Katarzyna , Zawadzki Mateusz
Published: November 2023

One of the main priorities of emergency services is to minimize the response time to calls. In the process of proper allocation of emergency vehicles, maps of emergency vehicle accessibility are found to be helpful. These maps represent areas within which emergency services can reach the specified location within a certain time. Calculating travel times requires taking into account the rapidly changing current road conditions. This paper presents a method for dynamically generating maps of emergency vehicle accessibility, considering network models and irregular computational grids.
Microssatellite markers for plant variety protection of clonally propagated forest trees: a case study in teak (Tectona grandis L.f.)
Authors: Queiroz Mariana de M. , Arriel Daniele A.A. , Caldeira Sidney F. , Higa Antônio R. , Araújo Stefânia P. , Sebbenn Alexandre M. , Grattapaglia Dario
Published: November 2023

Forest trees cultivars developed by breeders have been increasingly deployed as clones, following long generations of breeding and testing. An established protocol for distinctiveness, uniformity and stability (DUS) testing becomes an essential element for protecting the intellectual property rights associated with these clones. DUS testing with morphological descriptors has, however, shown limitations in categorically distinguishing cultivars, especially with narrow genetic base. DNA fingerprinting based on microsatellite markers has been a powerful tool to discriminate clones. Teak (Tectona grandis) is an economically valuable exotic timber species planted in Brazil. We assessed the individual and combined performance of a selected set of 21 teak microsatellites for identity analysis and parentage testing in a sample of 50 clones planted in Brazil. The clones displayed high genetic diversity attributable to their wide provenance origin. The 21 microsatellites combined provide high power of individual identification with a combined probability of identity of 1.84E-23 for unrelated individuals, and 4.82E-09 for full-sibs, and a power of paternity exclusion higher than 99.99999 % in all testing scenarios. Variable subsets of these 21 markers still provide abundant power of discrimination, although a recommended set should include a minimum of 12 markers with higher information content and reliable genotyping performance. Relatedness and genetic distance analyses revealed unexpected identities or significant recent shared ancestry among otherwise considered unique clones. These results advocate for the importance of including DNA markers, at least as discretionary complementary descriptors to the 22 morphological traits currently adopted for plant variety protection of teak cultivars in Brazil.
The Usage of E-learning Modalities Among Medical Students and its Effect on Academic Performance in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Authors: Alobud Omar , Alharbi Nasser , Abuabat Salman , Allarakia Yazeed , Alshehri Omar , Alnasyan Abdullah , Masuadi Emad
Published: November 2023

ABSTRACT
Background: This paper focuses on the usage of e-learning modalities and the effect of those modalities on academic performance. This will reveal if it is beneficial to implement e-learning in medical curricula in the context of medical colleges/universities. Highlighting the importance of utilizing different teaching and learning modalities will contribute to the improvement of academic performance of medical students.
Methods: The study design is cross sectional and was conducted online by distributing a questionnaire in six universities. The required sample size was 352 students. No probability quota sampling technique was used. The variables were classified as categorical data and admitted in JMP v.13. Descriptive analysis of students' reliance on e-learning and their academic performance (GPA) was reported as mean and standard deviation. Categorical variables which revolve around the usage of e-learning modalities are given as percentages and frequencies.
Results: The results revealed that the majority of students are reliant on e-learning modalities, and showed that students with higher reported GPA tend to be more reliant on e-learning with a positive attitude towards e-learning. It was shown that video platforms are the most used modalities for the understanding domain, while question banks were used more for memorization and revision domains.
Conclusions: This study was conducted to observe the usage of different e-learning modalities which are yet to be evaluated by many educational institutions in Saudi Arabia. It was shown that certain types of modalities are more dominant in a specific learning domain and play a different role in the educational process.
Pengaruh Citra Merek dan Kepercayaan Merek terhadap Loyalitas Merek Dimediasi oleh Persepsi Harga di PT Shopee International Indonesia
Authors: Lie Brayn , Nawawi M. Tony
Published: November 2023

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menguji pengaruh citra merek dan kepercayaan merek terhadap persepsi harga dan loyalitas merek serta menguji persepsi harga sebagai mediasi antara citra merek dan kepercayaan merek dengan loyalitas merek. Populasi penelitian ini adalah 130 responden dari pengguna dan konsumen dari PT Shopee International Indonesia. Metode purposive sampling digunakan dengan menyebarkan kuesioner online melalui Google Form secara online yang kemudian diolah menggunakan aplikasi Smart PLS. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah citra merek dan kepercayaan merek berpengaruh signifikan dan positif terhadap persepsi harga, citra merek dan kepercayaan merek berpengaruh signifikan dan positif terhadap loyalitas merek, loyalitas merek berpengaruh signifikan dan positif terhadap persepsi harga, citra merek dan kepercayaan merek berpengaruh signifikan dan positif terhadap loyalitas merek melalui mediasi persepsi harga.

 

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of brand image and brand trust on price perception and brand loyalty and to examine price perception as a mediation between brand image and brand trust and brand loyalty. The population of this study were 130 respondents from users and consumers from PT Shopee International Indonesia. The purposive sampling method was used by distributing online questionnaires through online Google Forms which were then processed using the Smart PLS application. The results of this study are brand image and brand trust have a significant and positive effect on price perception, brand image and brand trust have a significant and positive effect on brand loyalty, brand loyalty has a significant and positive effect on price perception, brand image and brand trust have a significant and positive effect on brand loyalty through the mediation of price perceptions.
Pengaruh Sikap Kepribadian dan Pendidikan Kewirausahaan terhadap Intensi Wirausaha Mahasiswa Universitas Swasta
Authors: Wong Excel , Puspitowati Ida
Published: November 2023

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh sikap kepribadian dan Pendidikan kewirausahaan terhadap intensi wirausaha mahasiswa universitas swasta di jakarta dan tangerang yaitu universitas tarumanagara, universitas bina nusantara dan universitas pelita harapan. Sampel penelitian ini adalah mahasiswa universitas tarumanagara, universitas bina nusantara dan universitas pelita harapan. Sampel dipilih dengan metode purposive sampling berjumlah 202 responden. Kuesioner disebarkan secara online dengan menggunakan google form. Hasil data yang diperoleh lalu diolah menggunakan SmartPLS 4. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa Sikap Kepribadian berpengaruh secara positif dan signifikan terhadap intensi wirausaha dan pendidikan kewirausahaan berpengaruh secara positif dan signifikan terhadap intensi wirausaha.

 

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of personality traits and entrepreneurship education on the entrepreneurial intentions of private university students in Jakarta and Tangerang such as Tarumanagara University, Bina Nusantara University and Pelita Harapan University. The sample of this research is students of Tarumanagara University, Bina Nusantara University and Pelita Harapan University. The sample selected by purposive sampling method amounted to 202 respondents. Questionnaires were distributed online using the Google form. The results of the data obtained were then processed using SmartPLS 4. The results of this study showed that Personality Attitudes had a positive and significant effect on entrepreneurial intentions and entrepreneurship education had a positive and significant effect on entrepreneurial intentions.
Pengaruh Brand Image dan Brand Personality terhadap Brand Loyalty dengan Brand Trust sebagai Variabel Mediasi Pelanggan The Body Shop di Jakarta
Authors: Dinata Jennifer , Firdausy Carunia Mulya
Published: November 2023

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menguji pengaruh brand image dan brand personality terhadap brand loyalty serta menguji brand trustsebagai mediasi antara brand image, brand personality, dan brand loyalty. Populasi dari penelitian ini adalah 100 pelanggan The Body Shop di Jakarta. Metode convenience sampling digunakan dengan menyebarkan kuesioner secara online yang kemudian diolah menggunakan smartPLS-SEM.Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah 1. Brand Image memiliki pengaruh yang positif terhadap brand trust The Body Shop di Jakarta. 2. Brand Image memiliki pengaruh yang positif terhadap brand loyalty The Body Shop di Jakarta. 3. Brand Personality memiliki pengaruh yang positif terhadap brand trust The Body Shop di Jakarta. 4. Brand Personality memiliki pengaruh yang positif terhadap brand loyalty The Body Shop di Jakarta. 5. Brand Trust memiliki pengaruh yang positif terhadap Brand Loyalty The Body Shop di Jakarta. 6. Brand Image memiliki pengaruh yang positif terhadap Brand Loyalty melalui Brand Trust The Body Shop di Jakarta. 7. Brand Personality memiliki pengaruh yang positif terhadap Brand Loyalty melalui Brand Trust The Body Shop di Jakarta.
 

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of brand image and brand personality on brand loyalty and to test brand trust as a medium between brand image, brand personality and brand loyalty. The population of this research is 100 customers of The Body Shop in Jakarta. The convenience sampling method is used by distributing online questionnaires which are then processed using smartPLS-SEM. The results of this study are 1. Brand Image has a positive influence on the brand trust of The Body Shop in Jakarta. 2. Brand Image has a positive influence on brand loyalty of The Body Shop in Jakarta. 3. Brand Personality has a positive influence on the brand trust of The Body Shop in Jakarta. 4. Brand Personality has a positive influence on brand loyalty of The Body Shop in Jakarta. 5. Brand Trust has a positive influence on Brand Loyalty at The Body Shop in Jakarta. 6. Brand Image has a positive influence on Brand Loyalty through Brand Trust The Body Shop in Jakarta. 7. Brand Personality has a positive influence on Brand Loyalty through Brand Trust The Body Shop in Jakarta.