bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A comparison of dyeing efficacy between hair‐oxidation‐based and hair‐coating‐based shampoos for the treatment of gray hair
Authors: Jang You Na , Seok Joon , Park A Yeon , Lee Woo Geon , Lee Jung Min , Kim Yu Jin , Kim Su Young , Yoo Kwang Ho , Lee Jung Ok , Kim Beom Joon
Published: June 2023

Background

The process of hair dyeing causes hair damage, and periodic re‐dyeing is required for newly grown hair. To avoid these hassles, hair color shampoos have been developed and are widely used. In this study, we compared the effects of two hair color shampoos with different dyeing principles to analyze the function of hair color shampoos. We analyzed hair tresses treated by hair‐oxidation‐ and hair‐coating‐based shampoos.

Materials and methods

We measured the color, tensile properties, softness, elasticity, gloss, moisture content, and protein content of the hair tresses dyed with color shampoos. The hair structures were analyzed by scanning and transmission electron microscopies (SEM and TEM) and a hydroxy radical‐based method.

Results

The shampoo based on hair coating enhanced the hair dyeing effect and roughness, whereas that based on hair oxidation improved the color retention and moisture content in the hair tresses. Frictional resistance, gloss, and elasticity of the hair tresses were similar for the two products. However, according to the results of the protein loss test, TEM, and hydroxyl radical staining, the shampoo based on hair oxidation showed a longer dyeing retention compared to that based on hair coating but caused cuticle damage.

Conclusion

These results show that the two shampoos with different dyeing principles exhibit different hair dyeing abilities and hair health indices. Therefore, we recommend that hair color shampoos should be used according to the requirements of an individual.
Role of VivaScope 2500 ex vivo confocal microscopy in skin pathology: Advantages, limitations, and future prospects
Authors: Razi Shazli , Ouellette Samantha , Khan Samavia , Oh Kei Shing , Truong Thu M. , Rao Babar K.
Published: June 2023

Background

Vivascope 2500 ex vivo confocal microscopy (EVCM) is an emerging optical imaging device that allows nuclear level resolution of freshly excised tissues. EVCM provides, rapid real‐time pathological examination in many subspecialties of pathology including skin, prostate, breast, liver, etc. In contrast to traditional time‐consuming frozen sectioning and histological analysis.

Aims

To evaluate the current state of EVCM utilization.

Materials and Methods

This study highlights the advantages, limitations, and prospects of EVCM in skin pathology.

Results

Our findings demonstrate that EVCM is a promising adjunctive tool to assess margins in Mohs surgery and to provide rapid, accurate diagnosis of cutaneous tumors, infectious and inflammatory diseases.

Conclusion

EVCM is a revolutionary device that can be used as an adjunct to paraffin‐fixed, hematoxylin and eosin‐stained slides and frozen sectioning. Additional refinements are required before EVCM can be used as an alternative to frozen sectioning or traditional tissue processing.
Sediment provenance signal of the discontinuous retroarc topography in the northern Andes during the Early Cretaceous
Authors: León Santiago , Jiménez‐Rodríguez Sebastián , Piraquive Alejandro , Florez‐Amaya Sandra , Muñoz‐Rocha Jimmy , Peña‐Urueña Mary Luz , Bonilla Amed , Lince Ingrid Facio , Contreras‐Fayad David , Jiménez Carolina
Published: June 2023

A large dataset of detrital zircon U–Pb ages (N = 5940) of Aptian‐Albian strata of the Colombian‐Ecuadorian retroarc region suggests that these rocks were sourced from Proterozoic cratonic and Permian–Triassic to Cretaceous rocks of the Andean proto‐Cordilleras. The nonconformity between Aptian‐Albian strata and Proterozoic rocks of the Garzón Massif indicates the existence of positive relief in this region. Topographic highs could have caused local basin compartmentalization and the prevalence of a localized provenance of coeval strata. Areas of positive relief were seemingly exposed to intense chemical weathering as suggested by the high Chemical Index of Alteration values, and low Rb/Sr and SiO2/Al2O3 ratios of analysed strata. Our results highlight the value of provenance analysis to study the ancient topography of retroarc systems and open the avenue for further research on the role of extensional tectonics in the topographic and basin evolution in the Andes.
Sums of transcendental dilates
Authors: Conlon David , Lim Jeck
Published: June 2023

We show that there is an absolute constant such that for any finite subset of and any transcendental number . By a construction of Konyagin and Łaba, this is best possible up to the constant .
Values of the F‐pure threshold for homogeneous polynomials
Authors: Smith Karen E. , Vraciu Adela
Published: June 2023

We find a formula, in terms of , and , for the value of the ‐pure threshold for the generic homogeneous polynomial of degree in variables over an algebraically closed field of characteristic . We also show that in every characteristic and for all not divisible by , there always exist reduced polynomials of degree in whose ‐pure threshold is a truncation of the base expansion of at some place; in particular, there always exist reduced polynomials whose ‐pure threshold is strictly less than . We provide an example to resolve, negatively, a question proposed by Hernandez, Núñez‐Betancourt, Witt, and Zhang, as to whether a list of necessary restrictions they prove on the ‐pure threshold of reduced forms are “minimal” for . On the other hand, we also provide evidence supporting and refining their ideas, including identifying specific truncations of the base expansion of that are always ‐pure thresholds for reduced forms of degree , and computations that show their conditions suffice (in every characteristic) for degrees up to eight and several other situations.
On polynomials with only rational roots
Authors: Hajdu Lajos , Tijdeman Robert , Varga Nóra
Published: June 2023

In this paper, we study upper bounds for the degrees of polynomials with only rational roots. First, we assume that the coefficients are bounded. In the second theorem, we suppose that the primes 2 and 3 do not divide any coefficient. The third theorem concerns the case that all coefficients are composed of primes from a fixed finite set.
Sports Classification and Athletes With Intellectual Disabilities: Measuring Health Status Using a Questionnaire Based on the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health
Authors: Tussis Lorenna , Lemmey Suzie , Burns Jan
Published: June 2023

Most people with intellectual disabilities have comorbid health conditions, which will impact optimization of sporting performance. Classification is used in Paralympic events to ensure that those with similar levels of functional ability compete fairly against each other. An evidence-based approach needs to be developed for athletes with intellectual disabilities to be classified in relation to their overall functional capacity into competition groups of similar ability. This research builds on previous work using the taxonomy of The International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) to group athletes with intellectual disabilities into comparable competition groups as an approach to Paralympic classification. Three groups of athletes—Virtus, Special Olympics, and Down syndrome—are compared using the ICF questionnaire indicating functional health status in relation to sporting performance. The questionnaire was found to discriminate between athletes with Down syndrome and other athletes, and an approach to using a cutoff score to develop competition classes is explored.
Decoding and synthesizing tonal language speech from brain activity
Authors: Liu Yan , Zhao Zehao , Xu Minpeng , Yu Haiqing , Zhu Yanming , Zhang Jie , Bu Linghao , Zhang Xiaoluo , Lu Junfeng , Li Yuanning , Ming Dong , Wu Jinsong
Published: June 2023

Recent studies have shown that the feasibility of speech brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) as a clinically valid treatment in helping nontonal language patients with communication disorders restore their speech ability. However, tonal language speech BCI is challenging because additional precise control of laryngeal movements to produce lexical tones is required. Thus, the model should emphasize the features from the tonal-related cortex. Here, we designed a modularized multistream neural network that directly synthesizes tonal language speech from intracranial recordings. The network decoded lexical tones and base syllables independently via parallel streams of neural network modules inspired by neuroscience findings. The speech was synthesized by combining tonal syllable labels with nondiscriminant speech neural activity. Compared to commonly used baseline models, our proposed models achieved higher performance with modest training data and computational costs. These findings raise a potential strategy for approaching tonal language speech restoration.
Campylobactermyocarditis: a rare but potential sequelae ofCampylobacter jejuni
Authors: Ang Audrey Jia Yin , McCann Michael , Stobie Paul
Published: June 2023

Myocarditis is an inflammatory cardiomyopathy with a diverse range of both infective and non-infective causes. It is an important cause of dilated cardiomyopathy worldwide, with a variable clinical course ranging from a mild self-limiting illness to fulminant cardiogenic shock requiring mechanical circulatory support and cardiac transplantation. Here, we describe a case of acute myocarditis secondary toCampylobacter jejuniinfection in a man in his 50s who presented with an acute coronary syndrome following a recent gastrointestinal illness.
Lessons learned from implementing the Non-Communicable Diseases Kit in a humanitarian emergency: an operational evaluation in Sudan
Authors: Alani Ahmad Hecham , Miller Laura , Waweru Isaac , Atwiine Aston B , Njagi Stella , Tonelli Marcello , Kisarach Kelly , Mohammed Abdelrhman , Mugera Ronald , Ibrahim Nazik Mohamed , Abdulhammed Mohamad Dina , Kiapi Lilian
Published: June 2023

Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are a major global health concern, and their management is particularly challenging in humanitarian contexts where healthcare resources are limited. The WHO Non-Communicable Diseases Kit (WHO-NCDK) is a health system intervention targeted at the primary healthcare (PHC) level and designed to provide essential medicines and equipment for NCDs management in emergency settings, meeting the needs of 10 000 people for 3 months. This operational evaluation aimed to assess the effectiveness and utility of the WHO-NCDK in two PHC facilities in Sudan and identify key contextual factors that may influence its implementation and impact. Using a cross-sectional mixed-methods observational approach that combined quantitative and qualitative data, the evaluation found that the kit played a critical role in maintaining continuity of care when other supply chain solutions were disrupted. However, contextual factors such as local communities’ unfamiliarity with healthcare facilities, the national integration of NCDs into PHC, and the existence of monitoring and evaluation systems were identified as important considerations for enhancing the WHO-NCDK’s utility and usefulness. The evaluation suggests that the WHO-NCDK can be an effective intervention in emergency settings, provided that contextual factors such as local needs, facility capacity and healthcare worker capacity are considered before kit deployments.
Where are all the veterans? A mixed methods assessment of a systematic strategy to increase veteran registration in UK primary healthcare practices
Authors: Finnegan Alan , Randles Rebecca
Published: June 2023

Objectives

To identify effective initiatives to increase veteran registration in UK primary healthcare (PHC) practices.

Design

A structured and systematic strategy was designed to improve the number of military veterans correctly coded within PHC. A mixed methods approach was adopted to evaluate the impact. PHC staff provided anonymised patient medical record data that used Read and Systematised Nomenclature of Medicine - Clinical Terms codes to identify the number of veterans within each PHC practice. This included baseline data, then scheduled further information after two phases of internal advertisement and two phases of external advertisement of different initiatives intended to raise veteran registration. Qualitative data was acquired through post-project interviews with PHC staff to ascertain the effectiveness, benefits, problems and means for improvement. A modified Grounded theory was used for the 12 staff interviews.

Setting and participants

Twelve PHC practices in Cheshire, England, participated in this research study with a combined total of 138 098 patients. Data was collected between 01 September 2020 until 28 February 2021.

Results

Overall, veteran registration increased by 218.1% (N=1311). Estimated coverage of veterans increased from a coverage of 9.3% to a coverage of 29.5%. There was an increased population coverage ranging from 5.0% to 54.1%. The staff interviews revealed improved staff commitment and their taking ownership of the responsibility to improve veteran registration. The primary challenge was the COVID-19 pandemic, in particular the significantly reduced footfall and the communication opportunities and interface with patients.

Conclusions

Managing an advertising campaign and improving veteran registration during a pandemic caused huge problems, but it also presented opportunities. Enabling a significant increase in PHC registration during the harshest and most testing conditions indicates that the accomplished achievements have substantial merit for wider adoption and impact.
Prevalence of teenage pregnancy and associated factors among preparatory and high school students in Wolaita Sodo town, southern Ethiopia: an institution-based cross-sectional study
Authors: Kumma Wondimagegn Paulos , Chaka Feben Girma , Daga Wakgari Binu , Alemayehu Mihiretu Arba , Meskele Mengistu , Wolka Eskinder
Published: June 2023

Objective

To assess the prevalence of teenage pregnancy and associated factors among teenage schoolgirls aged 15–19 years in Wolaita Sodo town, southern Ethiopia.

Design

Cross-sectional survey.

Setting

This study was conducted among teenage girls from preparatory and high schools in Wolaita Sodo town, southern Ethiopia, between 1 April and 30 May 2019.

Participants

588 (97.8%) of 601 randomly selected teenage schoolgirls aged 15–19 years (selected via a multistage random sampling technique) participated in the study.

Outcome measures

Teenage pregnancy and associated factors.

Results

The prevalence of teenage pregnancy among schoolgirls in Wolaita Sodo town was 14.6% (95% CI 11.9% to 17.7%). The current pregnancy rate was 33.7% (95% CI 23.9% to 44.7%). Having a family history of teenage pregnancy (AOR 3.3; 95% CI 1.3 to 8.4) and access to mass media (AOR 2.5; 95% CI 1.1 to 6.2) were positively associated with teenage pregnancy, while condom use (AOR 0.1; 95% CI 0.03 to 0.5) and knowledge of where to get modern contraceptives (AOR 0.4; 95% CI 0.2 to 0.9) were negatively associated.

Conclusions

The prevalence of teenage pregnancy among schoolgirls in Wolaita Sodo was high. Having a family history of teenage pregnancy and access to mass media were positively associated with teenage pregnancy, whereas reported condom use and knowledge of where to get modern contraceptives were negatively associated with teenage pregnancy among schoolgirls.
Interventions to support parents and carers of young people with mental health difficulties: a systematic review protocol
Authors: Martin Faith , Dahmash Dania , Tsang Anthony , Glover Sarah , Duncan Charlie , Halligan Sarah L
Published: June 2023

Introduction

Globally, 8%–14% of children and young people (CYP) have a diagnosable mental health condition, many of whom receive no formal interventions. Parents/carers of CYP experience stress and distress owing to the mental health difficulties encountered by their CYP due to the lack of resources and support. Currently, little is known about (1) the content of interventions developed to support parents/carers nor (2) how effective interventions are at improving parents’/carers’ well-being. The planned review aims to address these two gaps.

Method and analysis

A systematic review will be conducted to identify any study that describes an intervention aiming at least in part to support parents/carers with the impact of CYP (5–18 years) mental health difficulties, and to review any randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of these interventions. The following databases will be searched: MEDLINE, PsycINFO, CINAHL, AMED, EMBASE, Web of Science Core Collection and Cochrane Library CENTRAL, without any limitations applied. Analysis of the content of interventions will be structured using the Template for Intervention Description and Replication checklist as a framework. The effect of any RCTs on parents’/carers’ outcomes (including well-being, satisfaction with parenting, mental health) will be extracted and assessed using the Cochrane Risk-of-Bias Tool. Data will be synthesised narratively, with meta-analysis of RCT results, if appropriate.

Ethical consideration and dissemination

The protocol is approved by Coventry University Ethical Committee (reference number: P139611). Results will be shared in academic publications and in accessible formats using social media and public webinars.

PROSPERO registration number

CRD42022344453.
Lake trout reflex impairment and physiological status following ice-angling
Authors: Howell Bradley E. , Navarroli Giulio , Mullen Eric J. , Cooke Steven J. , Hasler Caleb T.
Published: June 2023

We examined behaviour and physiology of lake trout ( Salvelinus namaycush) following ice-angling. Fish were ice-angled and placed in a water-filled tub for 0.5, 4, and 6 h to recover ( n = 19). Reflex impairment and physiological status were assessed repeatedly for every individual. Longer fight times lead to higher lactate and glucose, and lower extracellular pH 0.5 h post-angling. Loss of orientation was the most common reflex impairment (84% of fish) 4 h post-angling. Mortality (36.8%) was observed during the study; however, variation in handling, barotrauma, and issues with sampling may have confounded angling effects. To determine if barotrauma impacted impairment and mortality, lake trout at a later sampling date ( n = 29) were exposed to air for either 60, 120, 180, 240, 300, or 420 s before assessment (3.4% mortality). For fish air-exposed for 300 s or more, 14% lost orientation during immediate assessment. Bloating occurred in 20% of fish air-exposed for 60 s. An air exposure duration of 420 s significantly impaired reflexes. Recreationally caught lake trout show behavioural and physiological impairment with such impairments magnified by extended air exposure.
Correlation between dehydrin-like proteins and cold hardiness of grapevine
Authors: Hébert-Haché Andréanne , Willwerth James J. , Kemp Belinda , Inglis Debra L.
Published: June 2023

Winter survival of Vitis vinifera Linnaeus in cool climate viticultural areas can be jeopardized due to inadequate cold hardiness. Dehydrins are a family of proteins commonly found in plant tissue in response to dehydration stress and cold exposure. To determine their presence and relationship to cold hardiness in overwintering grapevines, compound buds of V. vinifera cv. Sauvignon blanc were sampled from a commercial vineyard every 2–3 weeks throughout the 2016–2017 winter. Proteins were extracted and separated by SDS–PAGE, and potential dehydrins were immunoblotted with a commercial antibody raised against the dehydrin K-segment consensus sequence. Six protein bands were identified in four Sauvignon blanc clones at 23, 26, 35, 41, 48, and 90 kDa, showing a serological relation to dehydrins due to their reaction with the K-segment antibody. The bands at 23, 41, 48, and 90 kDa were confirmed as dehydrins following trypsin digestion and liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry with Mascot analysis. Their fluctuations throughout the dormant season were quantified by immunoblotting, and three patterns emerged, the 23, 26, and 35 kDa proteins peaked immediately prior to deacclimation; the 41 and 48 kDa proteins peaked during maximum hardiness and decreased towards deacclimation, while the 90 kDa plateaued during the same period. Maximum hardiness and relative dehydrin band intensity were positively correlated ( p < 0.050) for all but the 23 kDa protein. The variation in accumulation patterns and relationships to cold hardiness indicates that these dehydrin proteins are likely regulated by different molecular processes and could play different roles in cryoprotection throughout dormancy.
Tri-bimaximal-Cabibbo mixing: flavour violations in the charged lepton sector
Authors: Arun Mathew Thomas , Madathil Anirudhan A.
Published: June 2023

The well understood structure of $$U_{pmns}$$

U

pmns

matrix mandates a Cabibbo mixing matrix in the first two generations of the charged lepton sector if we assume Tri-bimaximal mixing in the neutrino sector. This ansatz, called Tri-bimaximal-Cabibbo mixing, is ruled out immediately by the experiments searching for charged lepton flavour violating currents. In this article, we aim to show that the resurrection of the theoretically well motivated Tri-bimaximal mixing scenario comes naturally within Minimal Flavour Violation hypothesis in the lepton sector. We analyse the flavour violating currents $$\mu \rightarrow e e e$$

μ
→
e
e
e

, $$\mu Ti \rightarrow e Ti$$

μ
T
i
→
e
T
i

, $$\mu \rightarrow e \gamma $$

μ
→
e
γ

, $$\pi ^0\rightarrow e^+ \mu ^{-}$$

π
0

→

e
+

μ
-

and $$K_L \rightarrow \mu ^+ e^-$$

K
L

→

μ
+

e
-

in this scenario and show that the New Physics that generates mixing among the charged lepton could lie within the reach of hadron colliders. In the minimal field content scenario, though the most stringent constrain on New Physics is $$\gtrsim {\mathcal {O}}(10$$

≳
O
(
10

TeV) for maximal coupling, considering more natural couplings relaxes it to $$\gtrsim {\mathcal {O}}(4$$

≳
O
(
4

TeV). On the other hand, New Physics with the extended field content is even more strongly constrained to $$\gtrsim {\mathcal {O}}(75$$

≳
O
(
75

TeV) for maximal coupling, while it gets relaxed to $$\gtrsim {\mathcal {O}}(31$$

≳
O
(
31

TeV) for natural scenario.
Sudden shock waves in modified gravity
Authors: Antoniadis Ignatios , Cotsakis Spiros , Trachilis Dimitrios
Published: June 2023

We construct a generic asymptotic solution for modified gravity near a sudden singularity. This solution contains a fluid source with no equation of state and is function-counting stable, that is it has eleven independent arbitrary functions of the spatial coordinates as dictated by the Cauchy problem of the theory. We further show that near the sudden singularity the solution has a shock wave character with the same number of free functions in the Jordan and Einstein frame.
Ab-Initio study of dopamine, absorbic acid and uric acid adsorption on graphene and InBi monolayer with effects of charging and green’s function method
Authors: Salmankurt Bahadir , Gürel Hikmet Hakan , Atalay Yusuf
Published: June 2023

Dopamine (DA) is a crucial molecule for the central nervous system, and the ability to detect it in samples containing molecules such as Ascorbic Acid (AA) and Uric Acid (UA) could facilitate early diagnosis of related disorders. In this work, the interaction of DA, UA, and AA with InBi and Graphene (GR) monolayers under charging was investigated using Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations with van der Waals (vdW) correction and nonequilibrium Green’s function method for the first time. According to our calculations, the most influential factor in the interaction was observed to arise from the [Formula: see text]–[Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text]–O interaction between molecules and surfaces. It has been concluded that InBi is a better adsorbent than GR for DA, AA, and UA, where the adsorption energies from the highest to lowest were found as [Formula: see text]. Furthermore, the charge transfers between molecules and surfaces were investigated, and it was demonstrated that the molecules on GR act as charge acceptors. In contrast, for InBi–molecule systems, electronic drift from molecules to the InBi surface was observed. The Partial Density of States (P-DOS) plots were examined, and the results were discussed in detail. The consequences of adding/removing charges to/from the systems were also examined, and it was shown that removing [Formula: see text][Formula: see text]e/cell from the GR–molecule systems effectively detected DA molecules from the others. Charging also broke the topological state of InBi, leading to semiconductor to metal, except for the [Formula: see text][Formula: see text]e/cell case. Finally, the changes in transmittance due to adsorption were simulated, and our results show that InBi is a possible candidate for DA sequencing biosensor applications compared to GR. The findings of this work provide a theoretical framework for the development and creation of highly precise biodevices and biosensors.
Improved spectral responsivity of porous silicon after the deposition of palladium nanoparticles via laser ablation at different laser energies
Authors: Urabe Aliyaa A. , Nayef Uday M. , Kamel Randa
Published: June 2023

In this work, palladium (Pd) nanoparticles (NPs) were synthesized using laser ablation in liquids (LAL) at laser energies of 360, 660, and 800[Formula: see text]mJ and a laser wavelength of 1064[Formula: see text]nm with 200 pulses per shot. The Pd nanoparticle suspension deposited on porous silicon (PS) was investigated. X-ray diffraction (XRD) was used to determine the crystal structure. Field emission-scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) revealed the sponge-like structure of the PS and spherical clusters of Pd NPs within it. The optical properties of the prepared solution samples were investigated by testing the absorbance between 250–850[Formula: see text]nm, and energy gap values of ∼2.35, 2.56, and 2.75[Formula: see text]eV were calculated for the laser energies 360, 660, and 800[Formula: see text]mJ, respectively. The electrical properties, including [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] of the Al/PS/Si/Al and Al/Pd NPs/PS/Si/Al heterojunctions were calculated from [Formula: see text] measurements. The observed enhancement of the fabricated Pd NPs/PS is shown by the broad spectral response in the visible to near-infrared (vis-NIR) range. The increased spectral responsivity due to coating the PS surface with Pd NPs promotes using these nanostructures in photodetectors.
Trackways in the New Red Sandstone of the Connecticut River Valley, USA, the cradle of ichnology
Authors: Bourgeois Joanne
Published: June 2023

Fossil trackways in the Jura-Triassic rift basin of the Connecticut River Valley are important to geoheritage for their quality, preservation, and role in the history of geology, especially of ichnology. Discovered in the early 1800s, these trackways of small to large, bipedal, three-toed animals came to the attention of Edward Hitchcock, a prolific geologist and natural theologian. His first publication on the subject was in January 1836 and, in the same year, William Buckland included parts of the report, with illustrations, in his Bridgewater Treatise. Hitchcock and Buckland are credited with establishing the field of ichnology, the study of track and trails. Within the first decade, other traces documented include four-footed tracks, fish fossils, invertebrate burrows, plant impressions, ripple marks and raindrop impressions; few bones have ever been discovered in the valley. Early fossil-track collectors included Hitchcock, James Deane, Dexter Marsh and Roswell Field. Specimens quickly made their way to Europe, and publications brought the tracks to international attention, in both science and literature. In nineteenth-century discussions, the three-toed trackway makers – birds or dinosaurs? – were particular subjects of interest and debate. These fossil trackways remain well known and studied today, with several preserved field sites and museum collections.
Quality of Service Management for Fast Data Transmission in Industrial Mobile Communications Using PSO-Based Computer Vision Technique
Authors: T.M Amirthalakshmi , R Sivakami , Subramanian Murali , Nelson Christalin , Rajkumar Sujatha , Makala Ramesh , Dinku Walelign
Published: June 2023

Mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs) have rapidly expanded in recent years, mostly as a result of the mobile devices’ obvious low cost, heterogeneity, and flexibility. When communication networks are down or inaccessible, sensors can quickly create a reliable network that can be used as a rescue data system. Industrial mobile communication has developed into a significant study area for both industry and academia in recent years. The need for data interchange between various smart devices with various latency flows is enormous. Nevertheless, there has not been as much research done in this area. The suggested work suggests a fuzzy-based improved PSO optimized in MANET to alleviate the drawbacks of the conventional routing approach. The suggested study offers a numerical modelling that can be used to carry out adaptive transmission optimization with a variety of programmable module structures and guarantee cost-effective route establishment with greater throughput, goodput, and lowest delay requirements. To find the best route, the proposed approach combines energy-optimized route construction with data-driven cluster head (CH) selection based on swarm intelligence. Particle swarm optimization- (PSO-) based clustering achieves improved delay, goodput, throughput, and path difference degree as compared to other conventional approaches, according to the extensive simulation results. The energy efficiency of a network that is decentralized is more important. The MANET device’s energy efficiency helps to extend battery life and improve network performance. This research demonstrates how the fuzzy-based improved PSO optimized in MANET helps to raise the network’s energy efficiency. As a result, network energy conservation improves network performance and battery life. Additionally, this method enhances the quality of service methodology. End-to-end delay, energy consumption, packet delivery ratio, and normalized routing overhead are measured and compared between the simulation and conventional routing protocols.
Table S4 from RELAY Subgroup Analyses by EGFR Ex19del and Ex21L858R Mutations for Ramucirumab Plus Erlotinib in Metastatic Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Nakagawa Kazuhiko , Nadal Ernest , Garon Edward B. , Nishio Makoto , Seto Takashi , Yamamoto Nobuyuki , Park Keunchil , Shih Jin-Yuan , Paz-Ares Luis , Frimodt-Moller Bente , Zimmermann Annamaria H. , Wijayawardana Sameera , Visseren-Grul Carla , Reck Martin
Published: June 2023

Summary of additional baseline EGFR alterations
Table S2 from RELAY Subgroup Analyses by EGFR Ex19del and Ex21L858R Mutations for Ramucirumab Plus Erlotinib in Metastatic Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Nakagawa Kazuhiko , Nadal Ernest , Garon Edward B. , Nishio Makoto , Seto Takashi , Yamamoto Nobuyuki , Park Keunchil , Shih Jin-Yuan , Paz-Ares Luis , Frimodt-Moller Bente , Zimmermann Annamaria H. , Wijayawardana Sameera , Visseren-Grul Carla , Reck Martin
Published: June 2023

Treatment-emergent adverse events (occurring in 20% or more patients) and adverse events of special interest by baseline EGFR-activating mutation subgroup (safety population).
Figures S4A and S4B from RELAY Subgroup Analyses by EGFR Ex19del and Ex21L858R Mutations for Ramucirumab Plus Erlotinib in Metastatic Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Nakagawa Kazuhiko , Nadal Ernest , Garon Edward B. , Nishio Makoto , Seto Takashi , Yamamoto Nobuyuki , Park Keunchil , Shih Jin-Yuan , Paz-Ares Luis , Frimodt-Moller Bente , Zimmermann Annamaria H. , Wijayawardana Sameera , Visseren-Grul Carla , Reck Martin
Published: June 2023

Summary of (A) progression type, and (B) single site versus multiple-site progression, by baseline activating EGFR mutation subgroup.
Figure S8 from RELAY Subgroup Analyses by EGFR Ex19del and Ex21L858R Mutations for Ramucirumab Plus Erlotinib in Metastatic Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Nakagawa Kazuhiko , Nadal Ernest , Garon Edward B. , Nishio Makoto , Seto Takashi , Yamamoto Nobuyuki , Park Keunchil , Shih Jin-Yuan , Paz-Ares Luis , Frimodt-Moller Bente , Zimmermann Annamaria H. , Wijayawardana Sameera , Visseren-Grul Carla , Reck Martin
Published: June 2023

De novo and treatment-emergent TP53 by baseline EGFR-activating mutation subgroup and cumulative frequencies over time. The population consisted of the RELAY patients who had an available liquid biopsy at baseline with a valid next-generation sequencing (NGS) result that yielded at least one gene alteration and/or at least a valid NGS result in the post-study treatment discontinuation liquid biopsy sample that was positive for any gene alteration. The reported original EGFR-activating mutation (ex19del or ex21L858R) was determined by local tumor test results. "Emergent and Maintained" refers to patients who had an additional emergent TP53 mutation while maintaining the mutation they had at baseline.
Figure S7 from RELAY Subgroup Analyses by EGFR Ex19del and Ex21L858R Mutations for Ramucirumab Plus Erlotinib in Metastatic Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Nakagawa Kazuhiko , Nadal Ernest , Garon Edward B. , Nishio Makoto , Seto Takashi , Yamamoto Nobuyuki , Park Keunchil , Shih Jin-Yuan , Paz-Ares Luis , Frimodt-Moller Bente , Zimmermann Annamaria H. , Wijayawardana Sameera , Visseren-Grul Carla , Reck Martin
Published: June 2023

Treatment-emergent T790M by baseline EGFR-activating mutation subgroup and cumulative frequencies over time. The population consisted of RELAY patients who had an available liquid biopsy sample at baseline with a valid next-generation sequencing (NGS) result with any gene alteration detected and/or at least a valid NGS result with the post-study treatment discontinuation liquid biopsy sample that was also positive for the original EGFR-activating mutation (ex19del or ex21L858R). Analysis population includes patients (N=119) with disease progression and detectable EGFR ex19del or ex21L858R at 30-day follow-up to ensure inclusion of patients shedding tumor DNA at progression. There are two time points shown in the plots below: baseline and 30-day follow-up. Each set of bars (other than baseline) is a subset of the 30-day follow-up samples based on how many cycles of treatment the patient completed before progression. Panels (A) and (B) show post-progression T790M frequencies at the 30-day follow-up visit using NGS; (C) and (D) show the cumulative incidence of post-progression T790M as a function of the maximum number of treatment cycles received prior to disease progression.
Figure S6 from RELAY Subgroup Analyses by EGFR Ex19del and Ex21L858R Mutations for Ramucirumab Plus Erlotinib in Metastatic Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Nakagawa Kazuhiko , Nadal Ernest , Garon Edward B. , Nishio Makoto , Seto Takashi , Yamamoto Nobuyuki , Park Keunchil , Shih Jin-Yuan , Paz-Ares Luis , Frimodt-Moller Bente , Zimmermann Annamaria H. , Wijayawardana Sameera , Visseren-Grul Carla , Reck Martin
Published: June 2023

PFS by baseline TP53
Figure S5 from RELAY Subgroup Analyses by EGFR Ex19del and Ex21L858R Mutations for Ramucirumab Plus Erlotinib in Metastatic Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Nakagawa Kazuhiko , Nadal Ernest , Garon Edward B. , Nishio Makoto , Seto Takashi , Yamamoto Nobuyuki , Park Keunchil , Shih Jin-Yuan , Paz-Ares Luis , Frimodt-Moller Bente , Zimmermann Annamaria H. , Wijayawardana Sameera , Visseren-Grul Carla , Reck Martin
Published: June 2023

Patterns for post-study discontinuation therapies by first through third subsequent lines of treatment of the baseline EGFR-activating mutation subgroups. Sankey diagrams for (A) ex19del and (B) ex21L858R subgroups present therapies post-RAM+ERL and post-PBO+ERL study treatment discontinuation. Shown from left to right are first subsequent therapy, ie, second line of therapy; second subsequent therapy, ie, third line of therapy; and third or more subsequent lines of therapy, ie, fourth or more lines of therapy. Therapies are subgrouped by color family as follows: EGFR-TKIs (erlotinib, osimertinib, EGFR-TKI plus VEGF and other EGFR-TKI) in green; platinum-based chemotherapy with or without VEGF inhibitor in red; non-platinum-based chemotherapy with or without VEGF inhibitor) in purple; and immunotherapy or investigational drugs in brown. Further details on post-study discontinuation therapies are provided in Supplementary Table S5.
Figure S3 from RELAY Subgroup Analyses by EGFR Ex19del and Ex21L858R Mutations for Ramucirumab Plus Erlotinib in Metastatic Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Nakagawa Kazuhiko , Nadal Ernest , Garon Edward B. , Nishio Makoto , Seto Takashi , Yamamoto Nobuyuki , Park Keunchil , Shih Jin-Yuan , Paz-Ares Luis , Frimodt-Moller Bente , Zimmermann Annamaria H. , Wijayawardana Sameera , Visseren-Grul Carla , Reck Martin
Published: June 2023

Sites of first progression by baseline activating EGFR mutation subgroup
Figure S2 from RELAY Subgroup Analyses by EGFR Ex19del and Ex21L858R Mutations for Ramucirumab Plus Erlotinib in Metastatic Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Nakagawa Kazuhiko , Nadal Ernest , Garon Edward B. , Nishio Makoto , Seto Takashi , Yamamoto Nobuyuki , Park Keunchil , Shih Jin-Yuan , Paz-Ares Luis , Frimodt-Moller Bente , Zimmermann Annamaria H. , Wijayawardana Sameera , Visseren-Grul Carla , Reck Martin
Published: June 2023

Overall response rate, and disease control rate by baseline activating EGFR mutation subgroup.
Additional Methods from RELAY Subgroup Analyses by EGFR Ex19del and Ex21L858R Mutations for Ramucirumab Plus Erlotinib in Metastatic Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Nakagawa Kazuhiko , Nadal Ernest , Garon Edward B. , Nishio Makoto , Seto Takashi , Yamamoto Nobuyuki , Park Keunchil , Shih Jin-Yuan , Paz-Ares Luis , Frimodt-Moller Bente , Zimmermann Annamaria H. , Wijayawardana Sameera , Visseren-Grul Carla , Reck Martin
Published: June 2023

Additional methods
Data from RELAY Subgroup Analyses by EGFR Ex19del and Ex21L858R Mutations for Ramucirumab Plus Erlotinib in Metastatic Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Nakagawa Kazuhiko , Nadal Ernest , Garon Edward B. , Nishio Makoto , Seto Takashi , Yamamoto Nobuyuki , Park Keunchil , Shih Jin-Yuan , Paz-Ares Luis , Frimodt-Moller Bente , Zimmermann Annamaria H. , Wijayawardana Sameera , Visseren-Grul Carla , Reck Martin
Published: June 2023

AbstractPurpose:
In EGFR-mutated metastatic non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), outcomes from EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors have differed historically by mutation type present, with lower benefit reported in patients with ex21L858R versus ex19del mutations. We investigated if EGFR-activating mutation subtypes impact treatment outcomes in the phase III RELAY study. Associations between EGFR mutation type and preexisting co-occurring and treatment-emergent genetic alterations were also explored.
Patients and Methods:
Patients with metastatic NSCLC, an EGFR ex19del or ex21L858R mutation, and no central nervous system metastases were randomized (1:1) to erlotinib (150 mg/day) with either ramucirumab (10 mg/kg; RAM+ERL) or placebo (PBO+ERL), every 2 weeks, until RECIST v1.1–defined progression or unacceptable toxicity. The primary endpoint was progression-free survival (PFS). Secondary and exploratory endpoints included overall response rate (ORR), duration of response (DOR), PFS2, time-to-chemotherapy (TTCT), safety, and next-generation sequencing analyses.
Results:
Patients with ex19del and ex21L858R mutations had similar clinical characteristics and comutational profiles. One-year PFS rates for ex19del patients were 74% for RAM+ERL versus 54% for PBO+ERL; for ex21L858R rates were 70% (RAM+ERL) versus 47% (PBO+ERL). Similar treatment benefits (ORR, DOR, PFS2, and TTCT) were observed in RAM+ERL–treated patients with ex19del and ex21L858R. Baseline TP53 comutation was associated with superior outcomes for RAM+ERL in both ex19del and ex21L858R subgroups. EGFR T790M mutation rate at progression was similar between treatment arms and by mutation type.
Conclusions:
RAM+ERL provided significant clinical benefit for both EGFR ex19del and ex21L858R NSCLC, supporting this regimen as suitable for patients with either of these EGFR mutation types.
Figure S1 from Identification of 2′,4′,6′-Trihydroxyacetophenone as Promising Cysteine Conjugate Beta-Lyase Inhibitor for Preventing Cisplatin-Induced Nephrotoxicity
Authors: Sukeda Nao , Fujigaki Hidetsugu , Ando Tatsuya , Ando Honomi , Yamamoto Yasuko , Saito Kuniaki
Published: June 2023

Supplementary Figure S1
ABBV-184: A Novel Survivin-specific TCR/CD3 Bispecific T-cell Engager is Active against Both Solid Tumor and Hematologic Malignancies
Authors: Chervin Adam S. , Stone Jennifer D. , Konieczna Iwona , Calabrese Kelly M. , Wang Ningyan , Haribhai Dipica , Dong Feng , White Michael K. , Rodriguez Luis E. , Bukofzer Gail T. , Ellis Paul A. , Cosgrove Cormac , Hecquet Claudie , Clarin Jerry D. , Palma Joann P. , Reilly Edward B.
Published: June 2023

CD3 bispecific T-cell engagers (TCE), comprised of a tumor-targeting domain linked to a CD3 binding domain, function by bridging target-positive tumors and CD3-expressing effector T cells enabling redirected T cell–mediated killing of tumor cells. Although the majority of CD3 bispecific molecules in clinical development incorporate tumor-targeting antibody-based binding domains, many tumor-associated antigens derive from intracellular proteins and are not accessible to targeting via antibody. Intracellular proteins processed into short peptide fragments and presented on the cell surface by MHC proteins are recognized by T-cell receptors (TCR) on the surface of T cells. Here we describe the generation and preclinical evaluation of ABBV-184, a novel TCR/anti-CD3 bispecific composed of a highly selective soluble TCR that binds a peptide derived from the oncogene survivin (BIRC5) bound to the class I MHC allele human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-A*02:01 expressed on tumor cells, linked to a specific binder to the CD3 receptor on T cells. ABBV-184 drives an optimal distance between T cell and target cell thereby enabling sensitive recognition of low-density peptide/MHC targets. Consistent with the expression profile of survivin across a broad range of both hematologic and solid tumors, treatment of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell lines with ABBV-184 results in T-cell activation, proliferation, and potent redirected cytotoxicity of HLA-A2–positive target cell lines, both in vitro and in vivo, including patient-derived AML samples. These results indicate that ABBV-184 is an attractive clinical candidate for the treatment of patients with AML and NSCLC.
Discovery and Preclinical Characterization of XMT-1660, an Optimized B7-H4-Targeted Antibody–Drug Conjugate for the Treatment of Cancer
Authors: Toader Dorin , Fessler Shawn P. , Collins Scott D. , Conlon Patrick R. , Bollu Reddy , Catcott Kalli C. , Chin Chen-Ni , Dirksen Anouk , Du Bingfan , Duvall Jeremy R. , Higgins Stacy , Kozytska Mariya V. , Bellovoda Kamela , Faircloth Chelsey , Lee David , Li Fu , Qin Liuliang , Routhier Caitlin , Shaw Pamela , Stevenson Cheri A. , Wang Jason , Wongthida Phonphimon , Ter-Ovanesyan Elena , Ditty Elizabeth , Bradley Stephen P. , Xu Ling , Yin Mao , Yurkovetskiy Alexandr V. , Mosher Rebecca , Damelin Marc , Lowinger Timothy B.
Published: June 2023

Antibody–drug conjugates (ADC) achieve targeted drug delivery to a tumor and have demonstrated clinical success in many tumor types. The activity and safety profile of an ADC depends on its construction: antibody, payload, linker, and conjugation method, as well as the number of payload drugs per antibody [drug-to-antibody ratio (DAR)]. To allow for ADC optimization for a given target antigen, we developed Dolasynthen (DS), a novel ADC platform based on the payload auristatin hydroxypropylamide, that enables precise DAR-ranging and site-specific conjugation. We used the new platform to optimize an ADC that targets B7-H4 (VTCN1), an immune-suppressive protein that is overexpressed in breast, ovarian, and endometrial cancers. XMT-1660 is a site-specific DS DAR 6 ADC that induced complete tumor regressions in xenograft models of breast and ovarian cancer as well as in a syngeneic breast cancer model that is refractory to PD-1 immune checkpoint inhibition. In a panel of 28 breast cancer PDXs, XMT-1660 demonstrated activity that correlated with B7-H4 expression. XMT-1660 has recently entered clinical development in a phase I study (NCT05377996) in patients with cancer.
Abstract 1125: Neoantigen immunogenicity landscapes and evolution of tumor ecosystems during immunotherapy with nivolumab
Authors: Alban Tyler Joseph , Riaz Nadeem , Parthasarathy Prerana , Makarov Vlad , Kendall Slav , Yoo Seong-Keun , Shah Rachna , Weinhold Nils , Srivastava Raghvendra , Ma Xiaoxiao , Krishna Chirag , Garon Edward , Akerley Wallace , Creelan Ben , Aanuren Nivedita , Chowell Diego , Geese William , Rizvi Naiyer , Chan Timothy
Published: June 2023

Immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapy is a cornerstone of oncologic treatment for patients with advanced stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and other malignancies. Neoantigen immunoediting drives ICB efficacy, yet how tumor evolution and neoantigen immunogenicity shape treatment response remains poorly understood. To address these questions, we conducted a prospective clinical trial of NSCLC patients treated with nivolumab. We assessed genomic alterations in tumors from 58 patients and performed large-scale immune epitope analyses, before and during treatment (CheckMate153, CA209-153). Tumors were analyzed by whole-exome and transcriptome sequencing. In responding patients, loss of mutation and neoantigen burden early during therapy was associated with clinical benefit. We evaluated the immunogenicity of 1,453 candidate neoantigens and identified 502 neopeptides that bound to MHC I and 196 neopeptides that were immunogenic and recognized by T cells in the setting of nivolumab treatment. These T cell reactive neoantigens were differentially present in clonal populations that underwent distinctive evolutionary trajectories across responders and nonresponders. Mapping these neoantigens to tumor clonal dynamics and clinical response revealed strong selection against immunogenic mutations compared to non-immunogenic mutations. We used this large collection of neoantigens to build ImmunoSEEK, a machine learning-based neoantigen prediction model and validated it using an orthogonal set of neoantigens. Changes in the genomic and neoantigen immunogenicity landscapes were accompanied by temporal changes in the tumor microenvironment. Nivolumab-induced microenvironmental evolution in NSCLC shared some similarities with that in melanoma, yet critical differences in immunologic programs were apparent from comparative network analysis between tumor types. This study provides unprecedented molecular portraits of the genomic and neoantigen landscapes underlying nivolumab’s mechanism of action.

Citation Format: Tyler Joseph Alban, Nadeem Riaz, Prerana Parthasarathy, Vlad Makarov, Slav Kendall, Seong-Keun Yoo, Rachna Shah, Nils Weinhold, Raghvendra Srivastava, Xiaoxiao Ma, Chirag Krishna, Edward Garon, Wallace Akerley, Ben Creelan, Nivedita Aanuren, Diego Chowell, William Geese, Naiyer Rizvi, Timothy Chan. Neoantigen immunogenicity landscapes and evolution of tumor ecosystems during immunotherapy with nivolumab [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2023; Part 1 (Regular and Invited Abstracts); 2023 Apr 14-19; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2023;83(7_Suppl):Abstract nr 1125.