bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Legal characteristics of training in order to carry out sabotage activities (Article 281.2 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation)
Authors: Глазырин С.И.
Published: October 2024

Статья посвящена уголовно-правовой характеристике объективных и субъективных признаков прохождения обучения в целях осуществления диверсионной деятельности. Уточняется толкование процесса обучения и его результатов. Акцентируется внимание на криминообразующем характере таких дополнительных признаков субъективной стороны данного состава преступления, как заведомость и цель.

The article is devoted to the criminal law characteristics of objective and subjective signs of training in order to carry out sabotage activities. The interpretation of the learning process and its results is being clarified. Attention is focused on the criminalizing nature of such additional signs of the subjective side of this corpus delicti as knowledge and purpose.
Methodology for assessing the validity of statements by minors when receiving false and true information from them
Authors: Дударев В.А.
Published: October 2024

В статье рассматриваются проблемные вопросы верификации детской лжи. Рассматривается апробированная и доработанная автором методика оценки валидности утверждений, получаемых от несовершеннолетних. Автором проведен научный эксперимент по методике оценки валидности правдивых и ложных утверждений, получаемых от несовершеннолетних 16–17 лет.

The article discusses problematic issues of verification of children's lies. The method of evaluating the validity of statements received from minors tested and refined by the author is considered. The author conducted a scientific experiment on the methodology for assessing the validity of true and false statements received from minors aged 16–17 years.
Selfish motives as a constructive sign of a crime
Authors: Попова М.А.
Published: October 2024

В статье на основании результатов исследования научной литературы и материалов судебно-следственной практики представлена уголовно-правовая характеристика корыстных побуждений как конструктивного признака преступления, проведен анализ составов преступлений, содержащих указанный конструктивный признак. Представлена система составов преступлений, в которых корыстные побуждения предусматриваются в качестве конструктивных (системообразующих) признаков.

Based on the results of a study of scientific literature and materials of judicial and investigative practice, the article presents a criminal law characteristic of selfish motives as a constructive sign of a crime, an analysis of the components of crimes containing this constructive sign is carried out. The article presents a system of crimes in which selfish motives are provided as constructive (system-forming) signs.
Electronic media as a source of forensically significant information
Authors: Шолохов С.В.
Published: October 2024

Криминалистически значимая информация как научная категория в криминалистической науке является одной из ключевых категорий, которая изучается с момента формирования отечественной парадигмы противодействия преступности во всех ее проявлениях. Особую роль рассматриваемая информация играет при исследовании новых форм противоправной деятельности, проявившихся с широким распространением информационных технологий. Неотъемлемым элементом такой деятельности является инструментарий, позволяющий реализовывать умысел не только в цифровом пространстве, но и при осуществлении классических преступных сценариев. В статье автором предпринята попытка обозначить свою позицию, основанную на изучении специфического явления – деятельности следователя при проведении поисковых следственных действий, направленных на обнаружение и изъятие электронных носителей информации. В рамках существующей парадигмы в криминалистической науке в качестве базовой категории выбрана криминалистически значимая информация как предтеча доказательственной основы по уголовным делам, при расследовании которых электронные носители информации содержат электронно-цифровые следы.

Forensically significant information as a scientific category in forensic science is one of the key categories that has been studied since the formation of the domestic paradigm for combating crime in all its manifestations. The information under consideration plays a special role in the study of new forms of illegal activity that have emerged with the advent of information technology. An integral element of such activity is the tools that allow criminals to realize their intentions not only in the digital space, but also in the implementation of classic criminal scenarios. In the article, the author attempts to identify his position based on the study of a specific phenomenon – the activity of an investigator during search investigative actions aimed at the detection and seizure of electronic media. Within the existing paradigm in forensic science, forensically significant information was chosen as the base category as a precursor of the evidentiary basis in criminal cases, in the investigation of which electronic media contain electronic digital traces.
Machine Learning approach in the prediction of Fog: An Early Warning System.
Authors: Shankar Anand , Kumar Ashish , Sinha Vivek
Published: October 2024

The aviation sector is extremely vulnerable to fog. Thus, accurate fog predictions are essential foraviation sector efficiency, particularly airport management and flight scheduling. Even with numerical weather predictionmodels and guiding systems, fog prediction is challenging. The difficulty of fog prediction is due to the inability to graspthe micro-scale factors that cause fog to form, intensify, augment and dissipate in the boundary layer. This study looks athow well machine learning (ML) tools can predict fog (Visibility <1000 m) and dense fog (Visibility <200 m) at India'sJay Prakash Narayan International Airport (ICAO Index-VEPT), a representative station of the Indo-Gangetic Plains(IGP). The proposed ensemble ML-based model was trained using hourly synoptic data from 2014 to 2020 and testedusing data from 2021 to 2022 (December to February). Once the features are chosen and the forecasters' local knowledgeis taken into account, the dry bulb temperature (°C), dew point temperature (°C), relative humidity (%), cloud amount(octa), wind direction (degrees from true north) and wind speed (knots) are used to build the proposed ML models. MLalgorithms were trained on meteorological data from 1500 to 2200 UTC to predict fog (Visibility <1000 m) and densefog (Visibility <200 m) for the next day at 0000 UTC, with a two-hour lead time. For fog forecasting at 0000 UTC with a 4-hour lead time, ML models were trained with data from 1300 to 2000 UTC and so on. This study evaluates parameter tuning in six level 0 ML models: distributed random forest (DFR), deep learning (DL), gradient boosting machine (GBM), generalized linear model (GLM), extremely randomized tree (XRT), XG Boost and stacked ensemble at level 1. The performance metrics and statistical skill scores indicate that DRF and DL models perform well for lead times of 2 and 4 hours at level 0 for fog (visibility <1000 m) and dense fog (visibility <200 m). But the proposed ensemble models outperform all the base models at level 0 and are recognized as the best instrument for predicting fog at Patna Airport.
Forecasting wheat productivity in Punjab, India: A weather-based model approach using detrended data and regression analysis
Authors: Kaur Lovepreet , Mahal Amrit Kaur , Baweja Samanpreet Kaur , Sidhu Prabhjyot Kaur , Singh Prithpal
Published: October 2024

Weather-based models were developed to forecast the wheat productivity of three districts in
Punjab (India) could accurately predict wheat yields two and a half months before the crop harvest. The trends in weather parameters were identified using Mann-Kendal, Sen’s Slope and Pettitt’s test.The logistic model was declared best among linear and non-linear models to remove the effect of technological factors over time. The detrended data was used for forecasting wheat productivity based on fourteen weeks of weather data of the vegetative period. The stepwise regression technique for detrended wheat productivity on weather indices revealed model II best for Amritsar, Ludhiana and Patiala districts, explaining 60%, 67% and 52% variation in the detrended wheat productivity and had root mean square percentage error 8.57%, 6.93% and 6.20% respectively. The model concluded that warm maximum and cool night temperatures of the wheat growing season will increase detrended wheat productivity, whereas an increase in rainfall and relative humidity in the morning will decrease detrended wheat productivity and hence the production.
Determinantes da participação feminina no mercado financeiro brasileiro entre 2018 e 2022
Authors: Marina Tays , Brito Danyella Juliana Martins
Published: October 2024

Apesar de ser historicamente composto por homens, o mercado financeiro brasileiro tem apresentado aumento expressivo da participação feminina nos últimos anos. Entretanto, a presença das mulheres nesse setor da economia ainda é limitada. Diante do exposto, o presente estudo tem como objetivo identificar os determinantes da participação feminina no mercado financeiro brasileiro entre os anos de 2018 e 2022. Para tanto, utiliza-se como fonte de dados a pesquisa intitulada “O raio X do Investidor Brasileiro”, realizada pela Associação Brasileira das Entidades dos Mercados Financeiros e de Capitais (ANBIMA). A abordagem metodológica empregada é baseada na literatura empírica que trata da temática de gênero e finanças, e consiste na aplicação de um modelo probit. Os principais resultados apontam que estar empregada, maiores níveis de escolaridade e renda familiar possuem uma correlação positiva com a propensão das mulheres de realizar investimentos. Por outro lado, a menor probabilidade de participar do mercado financeiro brasileiro está associada a características como o fato da mulher ter mais filhos e residir na região Nordeste. Os achados indicam que seria pertinente incluir políticas públicas de educação financeira para mulheres, capacitação profissional feminina e assistência familiar com o intuito de fomentar a inclusão das mulheres no mercado financeiro.
O fator mantenedor da inflação brasileira no pós-Real
Authors: Santos Elianara Gomes dos
Published: October 2024

O presente trabalho busca identificar a ocorrência, duração e probabilidades de transição de diferentes regimes de inflação na economia brasileira pós-Real. A teoria de inflação utilizada é a de inflação por conflito distributivo, cujas tipificações de inflação são regime de inflação de equilíbrio e estrato-inflação. A investigação empírica é feita através de um modelo de Markov Switching Autorregressivo e utiliza o índice de inflação brasileiro IPCA (Índice de Preços ao Consumidor Amplo) mensal, desde janeiro de 1995 até maio de 2023. Os resultados obtidos indicam a ocorrência de dois regimes de inflação, onde o mais persistente é o regime de estrato-inflação. As probabilidades de transição mostram que dado que se está no regime de estrato-inflação, a probabilidade de transitar de regime é relativamente pequena, porém, a probabilidade de continuar nele é de 98%. O tempo de duração de regime de estrato-inflação é de cinquenta e um períodos. A memória inflacionária como variável explicativa da inflação presente é estatisticamente significante e corrobora a existência de um fator mantenedor da inflação.
Uma Abordagem espacial da “Lei” de Kaldor-Verdoorn na agricultura brasileira em 2017
Authors: Souza Fábio Roberto de , Coronel Daniel Arruda , Freitas Clailton Ataídes de
Published: October 2024

Este estudo teve como objetivo averiguar o desempenho da relação estabelecida pela “Lei” de Kaldor-Verdoorn (LKV), entre a produtividade do trabalho e a produção da agricultura brasileira no período de 2006 a 2017. Para tanto, fez-se uso da metodologia de Análise Exploratória de Dados Espaciais (AEDE), bivariada global e local. Os resultados evidenciaram que a taxa de crescimento do valor da produção agrícola (VPA), em uma microrregião, tem efeito positivo na taxa de crescimento do pessoal ocupado (POC) na agricultura das microrregiões vizinhas, revelando que os clusters espaciais, com maior desempenho e perfil Alto-Alto, foram encontrados nas microrregiões dos estados Acre, Amazonas, Amapá, Pará, Tocantins, Minas Gerais, Mato Grosso do Sul, Mato Grosso, Goiás, e o Distrito Federal; enquanto os clusters com desempenho Baixo-Baixo localizaram-se nos estados do Maranhão, Piauí, Ceará, Rio Grande do Norte, Paraíba, Pernambuco, Alagoas, Bahia, Minas Gerais e São Paulo. Por vez, os clusters classificados como Baixo-Alto e Alto-Baixo demostraram ausência de desempenho para a relação da LKV, em razão de suas correlações espaciais serem negativas. Logo, concluiu-se que a LKV tem potencial para servir como possível ferramenta de políticas agrícolas, principalmente nas lavouras situadas em microrregiões classificadas como Baixo-Alto e Alto-Baixo.
Peran Guru Pendidikan Kewarganegaraan dalam Menegakkan Disiplin untuk Pembentukan Karakter Peserta Didik
Authors: Hulu Lestati , Harefa Amstrong , Lase Fatiani , Harefa Anugerah Tatema
Published: October 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peran guru pendidikan kewarganegaraan dalam menegakkan disiplin untuk pembentukan karakter peserta didik di SMP Negeri 1 Alasa, untuk mengetahui kendala yang dihadapi guru guru pendidikan kewarganegaraan dalam menegakkan disiplin untuk pembentukan karakter peserta didik di SMP Negeri 1 Alasa serta untuk mengetahui upaya dalam  mengatasi kendala guru pendidikan kewarganegaraan dalam menegakkan disiplin untuk pembentukan karakter peserta didik di SMP Negeri 1 Alasa. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif yang bertujuan untuk memberikan gambaran yang akurat tentang fenomena yang terjadi. Hasil penelitian dan pembahasan disimpulkan bahwa: Peran guru pendidikan kewarganegaraan dalam menegakkan disiplin untuk pembentukan karakter peserta didik di SMP Negeri 1 Alasa yaitu : Sebagai pendidik dalam hal ini mendidik dan mengajarkan peserta didik dalam membentukan karakter peserta didik dengan memberikan pembelajaran materi pendidikan pancasila dan kewarganegaraan mengenai nilai-nilai disiplin dan karakter dalam kehidupan sehari-hari seperti tanggung jawab, kejujuran kerja sama dan rasa hormat untuk saling menghargai sesama, Sebagai Motivator dengan menginpirasi dan memberikan pemahaman kepada mereka seperti mencontohkan bagaimana menerapkan karakter disiplin kepada siswa agar dapat menerapkan dan belajar dengan sungguh-sungguh demi masa depan, Sebagai Pembimbing dalam hal ini guru adalah orang yang memiliki pengetahuan luas dan keahlian dalam melakukan pembinaan serta mengarahkan siswa.Kendala yang dihadapi guru pendidikan kewarganegaraan dalam menegakkan disiplin untuk pembentukan karakter peserta didik yaitu sifat dan karakter peserta didik yang berbeda-beda yang terkadang mengabaikan arahan dan bimbingan yang disampaikan oleh guru.
Empleo de roles de conducta para mejorar el trabajo colaborativo en asignaturas del ámbito ingenieril
Authors: Linares Serrano María , Moreno García Inés , Orcajo Rincón Gisela , Vizcaíno Madridejos Arturo , García Sánchez Alicia , Gómez Pozuelo Gema , Martin-Sómer Miguel , Pariente Castilla María Isabel
Published: October 2024

Este artículo describe el desarrollo e implementación de un método para organizar el trabajo colaborativo en cursos de ingeniería, maximizando la participación y el aprendizaje en actividades grupales, aprovechando las fortalezas individuales de cada miembro del equipo. Se definen cuatro roles de comportamiento: líder, colaborador, reflexivo o creativo, que se asignan a cada estudiante de manera sencilla a través de un cuestionario que consta de 40 preguntas utilizando Microsoft Forms. Se han observado diferencias en los porcentajes de roles predominantes según el curso y el nivel de estudios en los que se implementa esta metodología. Los estudios más técnicos tienden a tener una mayor proporción de líderes, y a medida que los estudiantes avanzan en sus estudios, las proporciones tienden a igualarse. Finalmente, se destaca que esta metodología ha sido bien valorada por los estudiantes, obteniendo resultados académicos superiores en comparación con actividades grupales anteriores con grupos aleatorios.
The effects of the monetary transmission mechanisms on inflation in Türkiye
Authors: k Say , Bulut mit
Published: October 2024

The goal of this paper is to examine the impacts of the monetary transmission mechanisms on inflation in Türkiye using monthly data over the period 2006:M01-2021:M11. To this end, the paper considers the interest rate channel, the exchange rate channel, and the credit channel as the main monetary transmission channels. For unit root and cointegration analyses, the paper relaxes the assumption of linearity and employs time series methods based on nonlinear models. Besides, the paper performs a causality test based on the bootstrapping procedure. The findings indicate that the inflation rate is positively related to the interest rate, the exchange rate, and the credit growth rate and that all these variables have predictive power in forecasting future inflation rates in Türkiye. These results imply the existence of efficient monetary transmission channels in Türkiye. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed.
Antioxidant and hepatoprotective effects of Solanum villosum leaf extracts against acetaminophen-induced mouse model of hepatotoxicity
Authors: Osano Kenneth , Machocho Alex , Ngugi Mathew
Published: October 2024

Solanum villosum is an indigenous vegetable and ethno-medicine source in Africa. Scientific validation of their medicinal potential is required. The current study aimed to assess the antioxidant and hepatoprotective effects of S. villosum leaf methanol extracts (SVE) against acetaminophen-induced mouse model. The SVE antioxidant activities were evaluated by ferric reducing antioxidant capacity and hydroxyl radical scavenging activities in vitro. Hepatoprotective activities were assessed by automated hematological analysis, chemical analysis and specific biochemical assays of liver homogenates. Mice were orally administered with SVE at 30, 100, 300 and 500 mg/kg body weight. Hepatotoxicity was induced by acetaminophen 300 mg/kg bw intraperitoneally while silymarin 25 mg/kg bw orally was a positive control. The SVE exhibited a clear concentration-dependent antioxidant activity. Subsequently, SVE treatment significantly (P≤0.05) lowered granulocyte count, while there was a significant increase in lymphocyte count in acetaminophen-treated mice. Further, SVE significantly lowered the activities of alanine transaminase, aspartate transaminase, and alkaline phosphatase, but significantly increased γ-glutamyl-transferase activity in treated mice compared to the controls. However, SVE led to insignificant change in total proteins. Additionally, SVE treatment led to a significant rise in superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase activities but, an insignificant change in catalase activity. In conclusion, SVE confers liver protection by oxidative stress prevention, antioxidant enzyme activation, immuno-modulation and hepatic tissue preservation. The results also support indigenous use of S. villosum to protect patients against drug-induced liver damage and enhance immunity. Further, dietary supplements of S. villosum could be an adjunct therapy in acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity.
Haemogram and blood cell morphological changes in haemoparasitic infection of poultry birds
Authors: Diop Diano , Jarikre Theophilus , Oni Oluwole , Nwufoh Onyeka , Adediran Oyeduntan
Published: October 2024

Aim and Background: The poultry industry faces myriads challenges, necessitating effective management and control strategies. Thus, this study was designed to identify haemoparasite and determine the impact of haemoparasitic infection on blood cells and serum biochemical profiles in some poultry birds in Ibadan, Nigeria.
Methods: The study examined 390 birds of different types and of various types for the prevalence and type of haemoparasites, haematological parameters, and associated risk factors. Thin smears were prepared from each bird and examined microscopically. Erythrocyte morphology, including size variation (anisocytosis), shape abnormalities (poikilocytosis), and other abnormalities were evaluated in the monolayer region of the smear.
Results: The study found that 44.6% were infected with haemoparasites. Five species of hemoparasites were found during this study, including Plasmodium, Haemoparoteus, Leucocytozoon, Babesia and Microfilaria. In single infection Plasmodium spp was the most prevalent haemoparasite (51.72%) followed by Haemoproteus spp 3.45%, Babesia 3.45% and Microfilaria 1.72%. In mixed infection Plasmodium and Haemoproteus (19 %), Plasmodium and Microfilaria (8.62%), Babesia and Plasmodium (6.90%), Babesia and Haemoproteus (1.72%), Plasmodium and Leukocytozoon 1.72%, in triple infection Babesia, Haemoproteus and Plasmodium (1.72%). Infected birds showed significantly lower haematological parameters, with globulin and creatinine being crucial, while albumin was lower, and the difference between red blood cell diameters was not significant.
Conclusion: The study reveals that haematological parameters and biochemical profiles in poultry birds are crucial indicators of their health and offer practical insights for poultry health management.
SURGICAL MANAGEMENT OF FOETAL MACERATION IN A 1½ -YEAR-OLD DWARF RUSSIAN SHEPHERD BITCH.
Authors: Kuzayed Imaben , Sambo Iliya , Yohannah Gyarazama , Kalang Joel , Ayinla Ajani
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACT
Foetal maceration is a pregnancy pathology that occurs as a result of Intra-uterine Foetal Death (IUFD). It occurs when the foetus fails to abort and decomposition occur in-utero leaving the foetal bones. The pathogenicity of the putrefying organism determines the degree of decomposition. There have been reports of foetal maceration in various species of animal but it rarely occurs in the bitch. In this case, a 1½-year-old dwarf Russian Shepherd bitch weighing 16.6 kg was brought to the Small Animal Clinic (SAC) of the Veterinary Teaching Hospital, University of Jos with a chief complaint of inappetance and weakness. The bitch was artificially inseminated over 60 days ago and had been passing out brown vaginal discharges about 3 days prior to presentation. The temperature, pulse rate and respiratory rate were all within normal values. A radiographic examination showed fetuses in the uterus, based on the findings, a case of fetal maceration was diagnosed and hysterotomy was indicated. Post surgically, systemic antibiotics was administered, periodic care of the wound was encouraged. No complications were encountered post surgically while stiches were removed fourteen days later. Maceration is not regularly seen in dogs; therefore veterinarians should always be abreast with issues of maceration while utilizing ultrasound scan to aid diagnosis.
Anti-inflammatory activity of sappan wood extract cream (Caesalpinia sappan) in porphyromonas gingivalis-induced gingivitis rats models
Authors: Sugiaman Vinna , Jeffrey Jeffrey , Widowati Wahyu , Dewi Nindia , Ferdiansyah Rival , Muchtar Dhenta , Hadiprasetyo Dhanar
Published: October 2024

Background:
Gingivitis is a dysbiotic condition characterized by persistent inflammation caused by a disease-associated multispecies bacterial population that has established itself in the subgingival region.
Aim:
The objectives of this study is to analyze the anti-inflammatory activity of sappan wood extract cream (SWC) in Porphyromonas gingivalis induced-periodontitis rats model.
Methods:
In this study, rats were infected to the gingiva with P. gingivalis as an inducer for gingivitis rats model for 14 days. The SWC were treated topically into the infected tissue. The inflammation and angiogenesis of gingival tissue was analyzed using histological examination. An immunohistochemistry (IHC) assay was used to analyze the Nuclear Factor kappa-B (NF-kB) protein expression. Masson Trichrome (MT) assay was used to analyze the histopathology of collagen Scores. The Tumor Necrosis Factor-α (TNF-α), Interleukin-1 β (IL-1β), IL-6, and P38 genes expression were measured using quantitative Real Time-Polymerase Chain Reaction (qRT-PCR).
Results:
The induction of P. gingivalis -induced the gingivitis in rats model indicated by reddish gingiva and bacterial plaque. MT tests showed that SWC increased collagen density, HE test showed increased angiogenesis and in contrast, lowered inflammation score. IHC test showed that SWC decreased the expression of NF-kB protein. The TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and P38 gene expression were also decreased due to the SWC treatment.
Conclusion:
Sappan wood extract cream proves that it has anti-inflammatory activity which has the potential to prevent or treat gingivitis
Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) developments: An in-depth review of recent findings
Authors: Rimayanti Rimayanti , Khairullah Aswin , Lestari Tita , Hernawati Tatik , Mulyati Sri , Utama Suzanita , Damayanti Ratna , Moses Ikechukwu , Yanestria Sheila , Kusala Muhammad , Raissa Ricadonna , Fauziah Ima , Wibowo Syahputra , Prasetyo Agung , Awwanah Mo , Fauzia Kartika
Published: October 2024

The porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) virus (PRRSV) belonging to the Arteriviridae family is the cause of PRRS disease. After being discovered for the first time in the United States in 1987, this illness quickly expanded to Canada. The disease was initially discovered in late 1990 in Germany, from where it quickly spread throughout Europe. The consequences of PRRSV lead to a number of epidemiological issues, including a sickness with a delayed immune response that permits extended viremia, which facilitates viral transmission. The virus penetrates the nasal epithelium, tonsils, lung macrophages, and uterine endometrium through the oronasal and genital pathways. Abortions performed late in pregnancy and premature or delayed deliveries resulting in dead and mummified fetuses, stillborn pigs, and weakly born piglets are indicative of reproductive syndrome. In the meanwhile, dyspnea, fever, anorexia, and lethargic behavior are signs of respiratory syndrome. The virus can be isolated from the tissue or serum of animals that have been infected to confirm the diagnosis. Pig movements and potential airborne dissemination are two ways that the virus can enter new herds and propagate through nose-to-nose contact or aerosols. Various supportive therapies may enhance infant survival, and antibiotics may or may not lessen the impact of secondary bacterial infections. The absence of simple diagnostic tests, the virus's airborne transmission, the occurrence of subclinical infections, and the virus's persistence in infected populations have all contributed to the failure of control efforts for PRRS.
Morphology Features and Microanatomy of The Lingual Papilae of The Eonycteris Spelaea (Dobson, 1871): Scanning Electron Microscpy and Light Microscopy
Authors: Selan Yulfia , Saragih Golda , Kustiati Ulayatul , Haryanto Aris , Kusindarta Dwi , Wihadmadyatami Hevi
Published: October 2024

Background: Eonycteris spelaea is a sizable nectar-feeding bat that falls within the taxonomic classification of Order Chiroptera and Family Pteropododae. The form and structure of the tongue play a crucial role for bats in the intake and digestion of food in their mouth. Each papilla's morphology, dimensions, spatial arrangement, and physiological role exhibit variations among different animal species, contingent upon their respective lifestyles.
Aim: This research attempts to examine the morphology and microstructure of the Eonycteris spelaea's lingual papillae, collected from Timor Island, East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia.
Methods: This study will achieved a scanning electron microscope and a light microscope in the presence of haematoxylin eosin staining and employed a sample of 6 sexually indiscriminate adult Eonyteris spelaea bats.
Results: The tongue of Eonycteris spelaea separated into three distinct parts: the apex, corpus, and radix. The structure's apex contains filiform papillae, which come in many varieties, such as scale-like filiform papilla, enormous trifid papilla, and little crown-like papilla. Additionally, there is a cluster of fungiform papillae on the outside edge of the highest point and transitional papillae connecting the large trifid papillae with the smaller crown-shaped papillae. The corpus section comprises two papilla types: filiform papilla (leaf-shaped filiform papilla and big crown-shaped papilla) and fungiform papilla. The radix comprises the elongated conical papilla, rosette-shaped filiform papilla, short conical papilla, transitional papilla, and three circumvallate papillae at the back of the tongue.
Conclusion: Lingual papillae E. spelaea comprise wide variety of mechanic papillae and also sensory papillae which specific dietary regimen on their living habitat.
Detection of biofilm formation and antibiotics resistance of Staphylococcus spp. isolated from humans’ and birds’ oral cavities
Authors: Taii Noor , Gburi Nagham , Khalil Nuha
Published: October 2024

Background:
Staphylococcus spp. are widely distributed in nature and can cause nosocomial, skin infections, and foodborne illness, and it may lead to severe financial losses in birds by causing systemic infection in numerous organs.
Aim:
This study was conducted to determine the prevalence of Staphylococcus spp. in humans and birds in Baghdad city.
Methods:
Seventy-six oral cavity swabs were collected, including 41 from birds and 35 from breeders. All samples were examined by bacteriological methods and identified by using the VITEK technique, the samples were then further studied to test the ability of biofilm formation, and MDR factors and MAR index were tested with the use of seven antibiotics.
Results:
Among the 76 oral swabs, 37 samples were positive (48.68%) for Staphylococcus spp.: 7 human samples (20%) and 30 bird samples (73.17%). In humans, S. lentus was the most prevalent (42.85%) followed by S. aureus (28.57%), S. hominis and S. sciuri were at (14.29%) to each. In birds, S. pseudintermedius, S. gallinarum, S. lentus, S. haemolyticus, Staphylococcus spp, S. sciuri and S. xylosus were detected in 36.67%, 16.67%, 10%, 10%, 13.33%, 3.33% and 3.33% respectively. Staphylococcus isolates from the human samples demonstrated that only S. lentus was resistant 33.33% to ME, OX, and SXT. Furthermore, one of them was MDR and high MAR index value. The antimicrobial pattern of Staphylococcus spp. isolated from birds was as follows: S. pseudintermedius isolates demonstrated 100% resistance to CN, CIP, SXT, and MDR (100%) and high MAR indices value; S. xylosus was resistant 100% against ME, CN, SXT and Do and it was MDR with high MAR index;S. lentus was resistant 25% against ME, OX, C, and SXT, whereas, S. gallinarum was resistant 33.33% against ME and OX. The results demonstrated that biofilm formation of the Staphylococcus spp. isolated from human samples were weak biofilm formers: S. lentus, S. hominis, and S. aureus, while other S. aureus (50%) was moderate. In birds, the majority of the isolates had non biofilm-producing capabilities, while 80% of S. lentus and 100% of S. xylosus showed moderate biofilm formation.
Conclusion:
Healthcare problem was observed in this study due to high MDR and MAR index among Staphylococcus spp. isolated from pet birds to their owners and vice versa.
The social impact of sport. Unlocking the potential of sport to drive social transformations
Authors:   UNESCO
Published: October 2024

Sport as a tool for social impact has gained recognition from international bodies and initiatives such as the SDGs and UNESCO’s flagship, Fit for Life. At UNESCO’s 7th International Conference of Ministers and Senior Officials Responsible for Physical Education and Sport (MINEPS VII), practitioners, experts and representatives of 110 countries in attendance reaffirmed UNESCO’s leading role in building knowledge, developing Member States’ capacities and implementing programmes in the field of impact investment in sport, as critical means to increase public and private investments in Sport for Development. The Social Impact of Sport report aims to contribute to global knowledge and strengthen the case for sport’s potential as a low-cost, high-impact solution for delivering social impact. This report delves into sport’s substantial returns on investment and impact on individuals, communities and societies worldwide and encourages the scaling of investments. Drawing on insights from a wide range of academic and policy documents, this report presents a comprehensive analysis of the social value of sport across eight dimensions: health and well-being, equality and social inclusion, education and labour outcomes, youth empowerment and civic engagement, economic development, security and violence prevention, peacebuilding, and environmental sustainability. It provides compelling evidence of sport’s cost-effectiveness and its profound benefits on individuals and society. The report highlights key challenges such as gaps in research and evidence, geographical imbalance in global evidence and knowledge, insufficient funding, the need for coordinated action and inadequate programme design along with opportunities to enhance sport in achieving social impact. Actionable recommendations are provided to advance the role of sport, including enhanced research, increasing investments in sport, fostering collective action among stakeholders, integrating sport into various policy sectors and designing intentional, context-specific sport-based interventions. The report is a vital resource for policy-makers, academic and investors. It underscores the pivotal role of sport as a driver of positive social development and offers directions to maximise its potential. UNESCO Catno: 0000390604 UNESDOC landing page: https://unesdoc.unesco.org/ark:/48223/pf0000390604
Linguistic discussions of Urdu Language
Authors: Tabassam Dr khizra , Anjum Dr Qadeer
Published: October 2024

The beginning and evolution of Urdu language is a controversial issue in our country. The research and editing of linguists regarding the early characteristics of Urdu language and its development is still going on. First, European historians researched and edited linguistics and presented their ideas. These theories were an early reference, hence their importance to Islam. Subsequent researchers and linguists carried on the same work. The beginning of the twentieth century marks the beginning of a vernacular period of linguistic research. During this period, there is a tendency to assign Urdu to a particular place or place. Many researchers have traced the traces of Urdu in the Mughal period. Among them, Mera Man, Sir Syed Ahmad Khan, Maulana Sohbai, Shamsullah Qadri and Maulana Muhammad Hussain Azad are worth mentioning. And some say it is a Dravidian language and some say Urdu is the daughter of Braj Bhasha. There are many theories about the origin of the Urdu language, but it is not entirely correct to connect it with any one region.
A Critical Study of the Novel “Shahr khali, Kucha Khali”
Authors: Zia Dr Anatail , Bibi Faiqa
Published: October 2024

"Shahr Khali Kocha Khali" is a renowned novel written by Mustansar Hussain Tarar, a prominent Pakistani writer and travelogue author. The novel was first published in 1979 and has since become a classic of Pakistani literature. Tarar's writing evokes a sense of nostalgia for a bygone era while also addressing contemporary issues. "Shahr Khali Kocha Khali" is not just a novel but a commentary on urbanization, societal changes, and the complexities of human relationships. It captures the essence of Lahore's history and culture, making it a significant work in Pakistani literature.
Reference:
1. Nasir Kazmi, Bergine, Lahore: Fazl-e-Haq and Sons Darbar Market, 1992, p. 592. Mustansar Hussain Tarar, Shahr Khali, Kocha Khali, Lahore: Sang-e-Mail Publications, 2020, p. 1233. Issue, Quarterly Literary Magazine, Karachi: October to December 2013, p. 724. Mumtaz Ahmad Khan, Dr., Urdu Novels After Independence, Karachi: Anjaman Urdu Tragqi Pakistan, 1997, p. 1785. Mustansar Hussain Tarar, Shahr Khali, Kocha Khali, p. 726. Ibid, p. 257. Ibid, p. 228. Ibid, pp. 27-289. Ibid, pp. 55-5610. Khuram Sohail, interview with Mustansar Hussain Tarar, Dawn News, January 17, 2019.11. Naeem Ahmed, Dr., Sigmund Freud, Theory of Psychoanalysis, Lahore: Negarshat Publishers, 2021, p. 8012. Mustansar Hussain Tarar, Shahr Khali, Kocha Khali, p. 9013. Ibid, p. 7814. Rubina Shaheen, Ph.D., Psychology and Literary Creativity, Reflections International, Book 28, April 2018, p. 1115. Mustansar Hussain Tarar, Shahr Khali, Kocha Khali, p. 6516. Ibid, p.8417. Ibid, p. 17618. Khuram Sohail, interview with Mustansar Hussain Tarar, Dawn News, January 17, 2019.19. Mustansar Hussain Tarar, Shahr Khali, Kocha Khali, p. 11920. Dr. Saleem Akhtar, Psychological Critique, Lahore: Sang-e-Mail Publications, 15 20 A.D., p. 22821. Anwar Jamal, Professor, Literary Terms, Islamabad: National Book Foundation, January 2016, p. 9522. Mustansar Hussain Tarar, Shahr Khali, Kocha Khali, p. 17123. Ibid, p. 17124. Sultana Bakhsh, Tales and Humor, Islamabad: National Book Foundation, 2012, p. 4025. Mustansar Hussain Tarar, Shahr Khali, Kocha Khali, p.6826. Mumtaz Ahmad Khan, Dr., Few Important Aspects of Urdu Novel, Karachi: Anjuman Tragqi Urdu Pakistan, 2003, p. 6327. Mustansar Hussain Tarar, Shahr Khali, Kocha Khali, p.74
VARIÁVEIS SOCIOECONÔMICAS E OS RANKINGS UNIVERSITÁRIOS: UMA REVISÃO DE LITERATURA
Authors: Teixeira Tatiane , Moletta Juliana , Serpe Luís Filippe , Picinin Claudia Tania
Published: October 2024

O objetivo geral deste estudo é identificar as variáveis socioeconômicas mencionadas na literatura, que influenciam o desempenho das universidades nos rankings universitários. A metodologia utilizada foi a revisão de literatura, na base Scopus, sem limitação temporal, com objetivo de identificar quais foram as abordagens metodológicas utilizadas; quais são as fontes mais recorrentes para coletar as variáveis socioeconômicas, quais rankings universitários foram pesquisados e avaliar a presença da América Latina nos estudos já realizados. Os resultados revelam que o PIB está presente em 50% dos artigos e outras variáveis socioeconômicas estudadas são por exemplo, IDH, Gastos governamentais com educação (% do PIB), Número de pesquisadores por milhão de habitantes, Índice de Desigualdade de Gênero, Taxa de desemprego, entre outros.  Os resultados apresentam 33 variáveis socioeconômicas, os rankings universitários utilizados nas análises (THE, ARWU, QS, UI Green Metric e o Leiden Ranking), as fontes de pesquisa das variáveis socieconômicas mais recorrentes são: Banco Mundial: citado 5 vezes; Scopus: citado 3 vezes; Times Higher Education (THE): citado 4 vezes; ARWU: citado 3 vezes. Já as fontes citadas 2 vezes são: Transparência Internacional; QS Rankings.   Referente a abordagem geográfica, 46,15% das pesquisas têm um foco em uma região ou país específico, enquanto 53,85% dos estudos apresentam uma abordagem global ou que não se restringe a uma localidade específica, sugerindo a necessidade de mais pesquisas na América Latina.
The language of advocacy and risk
Authors: Collister Lauren , Cantrell Melissa
Published: October 2024

This post expands further on the assertion recently made by Danny Kingsley in her post on “Language co-option in the open space” that “words matter” when trying to have meaningful conversations about open access. Not only do words matter for creating common agreement, but words can also actively create biases, inform decision-making, and even thwart the visions of open publishing and infrastructure advocates most want to champion.
POLÍTICA NACIONAL DE SAÚDE INTEGRAL DE LÉSBICAS, GAYS, BISSEXUAIS, TRAVESTIS E TRANSEXUAIS
Authors: Silva Maria Eduarda Arsego Stoffel da , Pinto Larissa Caroline Gimenes , Silva Ágatha Carolina Azambuja da , Raupp Mariana dos Santos , Londero Carolina Araujo , Pilotto Luciane Maria
Published: October 2024

Objetivo: Este Boletim Informativo tem o objetivo de apresentar a Política Nacional de Saúde Integral de Lésbicas, Gays, Bissexuais, Travestis e Transexuais (LGBT), seus objetivos e desafios de implementação como política de equidade do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS). A sigla que representa a diversidade sexual e de gênero, abrange pessoas que se identificam como Lésbicas, Gays, Bissexuais, Travestis e Transexuais e/ou Transgêneros, Queer, Intersexuais, Assexuais, Pansexuais, Pessoas Não-Binárias e outras expressões de gênero e sexualidade. Conclusão: Esse grupo populacional historicamente sofre desassistência na saúde que está relacionado ao preconceito e discriminação pelos profissionais da saúde e pelo medo de passarem por constrangimentos nos serviços de saúde. Embora a criação da Política seja um avanço no acesso à saúde dessa população, existem desafios a serem enfrentados que incluem a vulnerabilidade social e o preconceito. Percebe-se a necessidade de implementação de ações que contemplem a saúde bucal, assim como ações e pesquisas específicas para identificar os principais problemas, estabelecer planos resolutivos e fazer o monitoramento permanente dessas ações, assim como possibilitar o acesso facilitado aos serviços de saúde bucal no SUS.
La fecha de la incapacidad permanente incide en la del cese de la obligación de cotizar al RETA.
Authors: Sempere Navarro Antonio V.
Published: October 2024

El acceso a la pensión de incapacidad permanente (IP) requiere la declaración administrativa de que concurren lesiones que imposibilitan desarrollar la profesión habitual (IP total; IPT) o, incluso, cualquier otra (IP absoluta; IPA). Se discute sobre el momento en que debe desplegar sus efectos la declaración judicial de que existía una IP, en especial cuando el afectado ha seguido abonando las cotizaciones correspondientes a una actividad por cuenta propia. La STS 1060/2024, dictada por la Sala Tercera del Tribunal Supremo, se centra en los eventuales efectos retroactivos de la estimación de la demanda respecto del deber de abonar las cotizaciones al Régimen Espacial de Trabajadores Autónomos (RETA). Concluye que si una sentencia firme de la jurisdicción social declara que procedía otorgar la IPT a un trabajador autónomo en una determinada fecha, la baja en el RETA debe retrotraerse a dicha fecha a todos los efectos. De ese modo viene a defender la plena eficacia de la sentencia social, firme, declarando que la Seguridad Social le debió reconocer la incapacidad que había solicitado con una determinada fecha.

Access to the permanent disability pension (PI) requires the administrative declaration that there are injuries that make it impossible to carry out the usual profession (total PI; IPT) or not even other different ones (absolute IP; IPA). There is discussion about the moment when the judicial declaration that a PI existed should take effect, especially if it has continued to pay the contributions corresponding to a self-employed activity. STS 1060/2024, issued by the Third Chamber of the Court, focuses on the possible retroactive effects of the upholding of the claim with respect to the duty to pay contributions to the Special Regime for Self-Employed Workers (RETA). It concludes that if a final judgment of the labour jurisdiction declares that it was appropriate to grant the IPT, denied in administrative proceedings, to a self-employed worker on a certain date, the withdrawal from the RETA must be retrogressed to that date for all purposes. In this way, he defends the prevalence of the full effectiveness of the social judgment, which is final, declaring that the Social Security should have recognized the disability that he had requested on a certain date.
Las disposiciones legales para prevenir el encadenamiento abusivo de contratos temporales no pueden ser dejadas sin efecto en la negociación colectiva … y menos por una decisión empresarial.
Authors: Lousada Arochena José Fernando
Published: October 2024

La Sentencia del Tribunal Supremo, Sala 4ª, de 17 de junio de 2024, analiza la regularidad de un acuerdo suscrito entre una empresa pública y la representación sindical según el cual en la bolsa de llamamiento para trabajos temporales quedará en situación de "no disponible temporal" aquel trabajador que, de ser llamado, superaría el límite temporal establecido en el artículo 15.5 del ET y, por aplicación de esta norma, se convertiría en trabajador indefinido no fijo. La Sentencia considera que el referido acuerdo dejaría sin efecto una previsión contenida en la legislación laboral con la finalidad de prevenir el abuso en el encadenamiento de contratos temporales, en seguimiento de la Directiva europea.

The Sentence of the Supreme Court, Social Chamber, of June 17, 2024, analyzes the regularity of an agreement signed between a public company and the union representation according to which the call pool for temporary jobs will remain in a situation of "temporarily unavailable" that worker who, if called, would exceed the temporary limit established in article 15.5 of the ET and, by application of this rule, would become a permanent worker. The Judgment considers that the aforementioned agreement would nullify a provision contained in labor legislation with the purpose of preventing the abuse of chain of temporary contracts, in accordance with the European Directive.
Nulidad del despido represalia, con indemnización por daño moral.
Authors: Arias Domínguez Ángel
Published: October 2024

El principio de indemnidad laboral es, básicamente, un mecanismo técnico jurídico que protege a la persona trabajadora que ha reclamado, en vía interna laboral, administrativa o judicial, el disfrute de los derechos -laborales, sindicales, de prevención de riesgos o de Seguridad Social- que concede la normativa laboral, legal o estatutaria. Las eventuales actuaciones empresariales ulteriores que pudieran conllevar una pérdida sobrevenida de sus derechos, por imposición de sanciones, traslados, despidos, etc., quedarían en la sombra de sospecha de haberse orquestado como represaría por el ejercicio de sus derechos. El desplazamiento de la carga de la prueba y la aportación por parte de la persona trabajadora de indicios racionales de que la actuación empresarial se ha producido como represalia por la solicitud de derechos son los dos mecanismos técnicos en el que se concreta dicho principio. A dicha situación puede anudarse, sin demasiada dificultad técnica, una lesión de Derechos Fundamentales que requiere ser reparada mediante una indemnización económica, generalmente empleando para su cuantificación la Ley de Infracción y Sanciones del Orden Social.

The principle of labor compensation is, basically, a technical legal mechanism that protects the worker who has claimed, through internal labor, administrative or judicial means, the enjoyment of rights - labor, union, risk prevention or Social Security. - granted by labor, legal or statutory regulations. Any subsequent business actions that could lead to a sudden loss of their rights, due to the imposition of sanctions, transfers, dismissals, etc., would remain under the shadow of suspicion of having been orchestrated as a retaliation for the exercise of their rights. The shifting of the burden of proof and the contribution by the worker of rational indications that the business action has taken place in retaliation for the request for rights are the two technical mechanisms in which this principle is specified. This situation can be linked, without too much technical difficulty, to an injury to Fundamental Rights that requires reparation through economic compensation, generally using the Law of Infringement and Sanctions of the Social Order for its quantification.