bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mechanical Evaluation and Optimal Mixing Ratios in Co-Disposal of Phosphate Mining Tailings and Waste Rock
Authors: Silva Gabriel Gomes , Silva Rafael Cerqueira
Published: March 2024

Given the complexity of the behavior of mining tailings dams built by the technique of hydraulic embankments and the recurring dam ruptures globally, especially in Brazil, ensuring enhanced safety through advanced disposal techniques becomes crucial. While the co-disposal method has been extensively explored for various mineral substances, a notable gap exists in the literature concerning its application specifically to tailings and waste rock generated from phosphate mining operations. This study aims to identify the optimal ratio for a mining tailings and waste rock mixture and evaluate its mechanical behavior in comparison to individual materials. Geotechnical characterization provided essential data for evaluating the applicability of the co-disposal technique. The mechanical behavior was evaluated with direct shear tests, revealing the substantial influence of waste rock on the mechanical properties of the mixtures. Notably, apparent cohesion in unsaturated conditions demonstrates the suction effect on shear strength in these materials. This comprehensive study contributes valuable insights into optimizing co-disposal practices for phosphate ore mining waste, addressing crucial aspects of safety and mechanical behavior in tailings and waste rock mixtures.
Respiratory Rate Oxygenation (ROX) Index as Predictor of High Flow Nasal Cannula in Pediatric Patients in Pediatric Intensive Care Unit dr Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital
Authors: Yuniar Irene , Pudjiadi Antonius Hocky , Dewi Rismala , Prawira Yogi , Puspaningtyas Niken Wahyu , Tartila Tartila , Fulki Sharfina
Published: March 2024

Background
High-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) is often used in pediatric populations with respiratory distress. In adults, the respiratory-rate oxygenation (ROX) index is used as a predictor of HFNC therapy; however, children have age-associated differences in respiratory rate, thus may not be applicable to children. This study aims to find the reliability of ROX index and modified P-ROX index as predictors of HFNC therapy failure in pediatric patients.
Methods
Subjects in this analytical cross-sectional study were taken from January 2023 until November 2023 in Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital. Inclusion criteria are children aged 1 month to 18 years with respiratory distress and got HFNC therapy. Receiver operating characteristics (ROC) analysis was used to find mP-ROX index cutoff value as a predictor of HFNC failure. The area under curve (AUC) score of mP-ROX index was assessed at different time point.
Results
A total of 102 patients, with 70% of the population with pneumonia, were included in this study. There are significant differences in the ROX index between the successful and failed HFNC group therapy (p < 0.05). This study suggests that mP-ROX index is not useful as predictor of HFNC therapy in pediatrics. While ROX index < 5.52 at 60 minutes and < 5.68 at 90 minutes after HFNC initiation have a sensitivity of 90% and specificity of 71%, sensitivity of 78% and specificity of 76%, respectively.
Conclusion
mP-ROX index is not useful as a predictor of HFNC therapy in pediatrics. Meanwhile, ROX index at 60 minutes and 90 minutes after initiation of HFNC is useful as a predictor of HFNC failure.
Colposcopic Biopsy Findings in ASCUS or Normal Cervical Cytology Patients with High-Risk HPV Positivity
Authors: Erdoğan Özgür , Kasap Esin , Ozdaş Emel Doğan , Görgülü Gökşen , Bağcı Mustafa , Sancı Muzaffer , Ayaz Duygu
Published: March 2024

Background: The aim of the present study was to compare colposcopic biopsy results of women in Turkey with normal cervical cytology and Atypical Squamous Cells of Undetermined Significance(ASCUS) who had human papilloma virüs(HPV) genotypes 16,18,and combined 16/18.The overarching goal was to enhance the existing body of evidence on cervical cancer screening strategies, with an ultimate aim of refining HPV testing guidelines and improving patient management.
Methods:In this retrospective study, we examined the medical records of 1121 patients from a tertiary health care setting who tested positive for HPV 16,HPV 18, or both, and who exhibited ASCUS or normal Pap smear findings. A detailed review of the patients' colposcopic biopsy outcomes was conducted, with particular attention to their HPV genotype status and the impact of smoking.
Results: Study involved 1121 patients , the participants were classified based on HPV genotype into three groups: HPV 16 (78.5%), HPV 18 (15.8%),and co-infection with HPV 16 & 18 (5.7%). On the basis of smear characteristics, patients were categorized as normal (81.4%) and ASCUS (18.2%). Notably, for those with normal smear results, the rate of CIN-1 biopsy was approximately 15% higher in the HPV-18 group than the HPV-16 group (59.6% vs. 45.8%; p=0.023).Smoking prevalence was significantly higher in the co-infected HPV 16/18 group (p=0.013).
Conclusion:This study underscores the importance of vigilant HPV and cytology testing, especially for individuals with HPV 16/18, regardless of normal cytology findings.
Stabilization splint combined with multiloop edgewise archwire for treatment of skeletal Class III open bite malocclusion with temporomandibular disorders: a case report with a 6-year follow-up
Authors: Xu Chenjing , Song Dongsheng , Yi Jingzheng , Wang Shaotai , Sun Yue , Chen Yu , Jiang Huan , Hu Min
Published: March 2024

Background: Orthodontists believe that temporomandibular disorders (TMDs), as a group of multifactorial diseases, should be carefully examined before treatment, closely monitored during the process, and maintained stably after treatment. Stabilization splint, as a traditional treatment method, owns the characteristics of low cost and risk compared to joint surgery. This treatment combines traditional stabilization splint and multiloop edgewise archwire (MEAW) techniques, aiming to treat complex clinical cases through non-surgical and non-invasive methods to achieve relatively stable orthodontic outcomes.
Case Presentation: This case report illustrates the two-phase treatment of a 17-year-old male patient characterized by an anterior open bite, Class III malocclusion, mandibular deviation, and severe temporomandibular joint symptoms. In phase one, the patient was provided with a stabilization splint for a duration of 9 months. This initial phase aimed to alleviate symptoms and reposition the condyle by eliminating the locking relationship between the upper and lower teeth, while establishing a new muscular and articular balance. In phase two, the patient underwent multiloop edgewise archwire treatment, which involved the use of a reverse-curve archwire, short class III traction, and anterior vertical traction. After 26 months of treatment, a functional and esthetic occlusion, normal overjet and overbite and a relatively well-balanced facial profile was established. After a 6 years post-treatment follow-up, the results of this case have demonstrated long-term stability.
Conclusion: The report provides substantial evidence supporting the effectiveness and long-term stability of the MEAW appliance in managing these complex clinical scenarios.
Pediatric frequent relapsing nephrotic syndrome with multiple cerebral infarctions accompanied by patent foramen ovale and cerebral venous sinus thrombosis: A case report
Authors: Kiuchi Zentaro , Tanaka Eriko , Nunokawa Saaya , Yoshida Sawako , Hosaki Akira , Kogure Tomohito , Narita Masami
Published: March 2024

Background: Idiopathic nephrotic syndrome (NS) presents as a hypercoagulable state, of which thromboembolism (TE) is a well-known life-threatening complication. Although TE is more likely to occur in venous vessels than arterial vessels, arterial TE is important because it may cause after-effects, including tissue necrosis and cerebral infarction (CI); therefore, prompt diagnosis and appropriate treatment are required. We report a pediatric NS case with multiple CIs.
Case presentation: A 14-year-7-month-old Japanese girl was diagnosed with frequent relapsing NS, accompanied by headache and disturbance of consciousness during the second relapse. Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and four-dimensional computed tomography revealed multiple CIs, vasogenic edema, and cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST). The patient had no underlying thrombophilia other than hypercoagulability due to NS and prednisolone (PSL), and no cardiac arrhythmia; however, a right-to-left shunt through the patent foramen ovale (PFO) was observed with the Valsalva maneuver by echocardiography. Therefore, we assumed that a potential cause of multiple CIs might be an embolic stroke, caused by thrombosis formed from a hypercoagulable state due to NS and PSL treatment and reached through PFO. Antiplatelet and anticoagulant therapies were administered for TE. She was treated with PSL and mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) for NS. Rituximab (RTX) was administered to prevent NS relapse after complete remission (CR). She underwent transcatheter PFO closure at age 14 years and 9 months because we considered that the right-to-left shunt through the PFO would be one of the risks for recurrent cerebral embolism when NS relapses. One year after the onset of CIs, an MRI indicated that the CVST had resolved, leaving no neurological sequelae due to CI; therefore, anticoagulant therapy was discontinued. And then she has been in CR for NS with only MMF therapy.
Conclusions: CI is a serious complication in patients with NS. The pathogenesis of multiple CIs is various, including right-to-left shunt through PFO, in addition to the hypercoagulability due to NS. It is important to investigate and manage underlying risks such as PFO, besides preventing the relapses of NS by aggressive treatments using MMF and RTX, in patients with NS.
Efficient Traffic Distribution: P4 language based Dynamic Load Balancing Algorithm in SDN
Authors: Kulkarni Manasa , Goswami Bhargavi , Paulose Joy
Published: March 2024

The proliferation of data-intensive applications and the continuous growth of network traffic in modern communication networks have necessitated the development of innovative approaches to network management. Software Defined Networking (SDN) and the programmable data plane language known as P4 (Programming Protocol-independent Packet Processor) language have emerged as promising solutions to address the challenges associated with network scalability and adaptability. This research paper presents an investigation into large-scale SDN deployment leveraging the expressive power of P4 language for enhanced network control and management. This research contributes to the growing knowledge of large-scale SDN deployment with the P4 language. It offers valuable insights for network architects, operators, and researchers seeking to harness the capabilities of programmable data planes in the quest for more adaptive and responsive communication networks. In conclusion, the authors propose a P4 language-based Dynamic Load Balancing Algorithm (DLBA), which emerges as a versatile and adaptive approach to load balancing within the data plane of SDN networks. By leveraging the capabilities of P4, DLBA offers a flexible and effective means to optimize network performance, making it a valuable addition to the toolkit of network administrators and researchers striving to meet the demands of today's dynamic communication networks.
Combined Endovascular and Open Repair of innominate artery bifurcation pseudoaneurysm: A case report
Authors: Xu Youyao , Zhu Tao , Chen Guobin , Wu Senyan , Li Xiaoyang
Published: March 2024

Background
Innominate artery aneurysms (IAAs) are rare. Without timely treatment, they may result in rupture, distal arterial embolization, or local compression, among which rupture is the most dangerous complication. Here, a case of innominate artery bifurcation pseudoaneurysm is reported.
Case Presentation:
The patient was a 45-year-old man who presented to the emergency department complaining of chest discomfort. Subsequent computed tomographic angiography (CTA) imaging indicated the presence of a 3.6*2.4 cm saccular aneurysm in the bifurcation of the innominate artery, involving both the right proximal subclavian and common carotid arteries. His vital signs were normal, with equal blood pressures in the upper arms, and no neurological dysfunction. Gadolinium-enhanced magnetic resonance angiography indicated that the circle of Willis was intact. The operation was performed by open surgery combined with endovascular treatment. The external carotid artery was first transposed to the right subclavian artery (RSA) and an 8-mm woven Dacron graft was inserted in the middle. The covered stent graft was then placed in the proximal part of the innominate artery to close the entrance of the aneurysm. Lastly, the occluder was implanted into the origin of the RSA. There were no procedural or postprocedural complications. A year later, the aneurysm was not visible on CTA and the right vertebral artery was patent.
Conclusions
Combined Endovascular and Open Repair is an effective option for the treatment of innominate artery bifurcation pseudoaneurysm.
Aortoesophageal fistula with hemorrhagic shock successfully treated with resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta
Authors: Hirai Tadayuki , Okajima Masaki , Noda Toru , Goto Yoshikazu
Published: March 2024

Background
Aortoesophageal fistula (AEF) is a rare cause of upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage. Despite diagnostic and therapeutic advances, the mortality rate in AEF patients remains high because of its fulminant course, even with maximal intensive care. Resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta (REBOA) is a resuscitation technique to control life-threatening bleeding. It has become an important modality in the management of life-threatening, traumatic or non-traumatic, arterial bleeding. However, its use in hemorrhagic shock caused by cancer has rarely been reported.
Case presentation
: A 51-year-old female with a history of esophageal cancer presented to our emergency department with hematemesis. Computed tomography was performed because of a strong suspicion of hemorrhagic shock. With a diagnosis of AEF due to esophageal cancer, emergency thoracic endovascular aortic repair was performed while the bleeding was controlled using REBOA. Staged elective esophageal reconstruction was successfully performed.
Conclusions
Hemostasis is of paramount importance in individuals presenting with suspected hemorrhagic shock attributable to arterioenteric fistula (AEF). The timely implementation of Resuscitative Endovascular Balloon Occlusion of the Aorta (REBOA) has shown promise in these circumstances, showcasing potential effectiveness.
Tumor number and Model for End-Stage Liver Disease score as selection criteria for resection or embolization of intermediate-stage hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Yen Yi-Hao , Liu Yueh-Wei , Li Wei-Feng , Yong Chee-Chien , Wang Chih-Chi , Lin Chih-Yun
Published: March 2024

Purpose
The majority of patients with Barcelona Clinic liver cancer (BCLC) stage B hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) undergoing liver resection (LR) have ≤ 3 nodules, a phenomenon noted worldwide. Well-preserved liver function is an essential prerequisite for LR. We used these two variables to select patients suitable for LR for BCLC stage B HCC.
Methods
We consecutively enrolled patients with BCLC stage B HCC and Child–Pugh class A liver disease. Of these patients, 163 underwent LR and 270 underwent transarterial chemoembolization (TACE). Based on a previous study, we specified a Model for End-Stage Liver Disease (MELD) score of ≤ 9 as indicating well-preserved liver function. We defined patients with ≤ 3 nodules and a MELD score of ≤ 9 as BCLC B1 and those with > 3 nodules or a MELD score of > 9 as BCLC B2.
Results
The five-year overall survival (OS) of BCLC B1 patients undergoing LR was 60% and those undergoing TACE was 37% (p = 0.007). The five-year OS of BCLC B2 patients undergoing LR was 23% and those undergoing TACE was 18% (p = 0.223).
Conclusion
We recommend considering LR for BCLC B1 patients, whereas TACE could be considered for BCLC B2 patients.
Dynamics behavior of a predator-prey diffusion model incorporating hunting cooperation and predator-taxis
Authors: Zhang Huisen
Published: March 2024

In this paper, we consider a predator-prey diffusion model incorporating hunting cooperation and predator-taxis. Firstly, we establish the global existence of classical solution for the model in any spatial dimension. Secondly, we analyze the instability caused by predator-taxis, and we observed that negative predator-taxis play the key role in inducing stability changes. Finally, numerical simulations are employed to validate the obtained results.
MCS: Primary 35A09, 35K59; Secondary 35Q92, 92D25.
The effects of different irrigation and tillage on the physiology of soybean
Authors: Gonen E.
Published: March 2024

This research was carried out to evaluate the effect of various irrigation regimes and mechanization processes applied with surface drip system on yield plant water stress index (CWSI) and midday leaf water potential (LWP) in the Mediterranean Region. Field studies were carried out in Tarsus Soil and Water Resources Research Unit / Mersin experimental areas during the 2018-2019 growing seasons.In this study, 3 different irrigation regimes were applied (I100: Completion to the field capacity of the available water of 60 cm soil depth weekly. I70: 70% of the water applied to I100, I50: 50% of the water applied to I100), 2 different tillage and sowing method (TP: traditional soil tillage (Plow-discard-harrow-planting), DP: direct planting). In the study, in order to determine the plant water stress, temporally; Leaf water potential (LWP), crop water stress index (CWSI), chlorophyll content (SPAD) and leaf area index (LAI) measurements were made. These physiological measurements were compared with soil water content (SWC), yield and each other.The highest LWP and CWSI were obtained for DPI50 treatments, which had the lowest soil water content. The highest SPAD and leaf area index (LAI) were obtained for the DPI100 subject with the highest soil water content. High correlations were obtained between physiological measurements. Observed that different tillage methods affect soil water content with physiological parameters.As a result, it has been seen that CWSI, LWP and SPAD measurements can be used successfully in determining the water status of soybean.
The prevalence of clinically relevant delayed intracranial hemorrhage in head trauma patients treated with oral anticoagulants is very low: a retrospective cohort register study
Authors: André Lars , Björkelund Anders , Ekelund Ulf , Vedin Tomas , Björk Jonas , Forberg Jakob Lundager
Published: March 2024

Background
Current guidelines from Scandinavian Neuro Committee mandate a 24-hour observation for head trauma patients on anticoagulants, even with normal initial head CT scans, as a means not to miss delayed intracranial hemorrhages. This study aimed to assess the prevalence, and time to diagnosis, of clinically relevant delayed intracranial hemorrhage in head trauma patients treated with oral anticoagulants.
Method
Utilizing comprehensive two-year data from Region Skåne’s emergency departments, which serve a population of 1.3 million inhabitants, this study focused on adult head trauma patients prescribed oral anticoagulants. We identified those with intracranial hemorrhage within 30 days, defining delayed intracranial hemorrhage as a bleeding not apparent on their initial CT head scan. These cases were further defined as clinically relevant if associated with mortality, any intensive care unit admission, or neurosurgery.
Results
Out of the included 2,362 head injury cases (median age 84, 56% on a direct acting oral anticoagulant), five developed delayed intracranial hemorrhages. None of these five cases underwent neurosurgery nor were admitted to an intensive care unit. Only two cases (0.08%, 95% confidence interval [0.01–0.3%]) were classified as clinically relevant, involving subdural hematomas in patients aged 82 and 87 years, who both subsequently died. The diagnosis of these delayed intracranial hemorrhages was made at 4 and 7 days following initial presentation to the emergency department.
Conclusion
In patients with head trauma, on oral anticoagulation, the incidence of clinically relevant delayed intracranial hemorrhage was found to be less than one in a thousand, with detection occurring four days or later after initial presentation. This challenges the effectiveness of the 24-hour observation period recommended by the Scandinavian Neurotrauma Committee guidelines, suggesting a need to reassess these guidelines to optimise care and resource allocation.
Trial registration
This is a retrospective cohort study, does not include any intervention, and has therefore not been registered.
Modulation of Oxidative Stress and Apoptosis by Alteration of Bioactive Lipids in The Pancreas, and Effect of Zinc Chelation in a Rat Model of Alzheimer's Disease
Authors: Acun Alev Duygu , Kantar Deniz
Published: March 2024

Increasing epidemiological evidence highlights the association between systemic insulin resistance and Alzheimer's disease (AD). It is known that peripheral insulin resistance in the early stages of AD precedes and is a precursor to amyloid-β (Aβ) deposition. Although it is known that improving the CNS insulin sensitivity of AD patients is an important therapeutic goal and that the majority of insulin in the brain comes from the periphery, there has been little attention to the changes that occur in the pancreatic tissue of AD patients. Therefore, it is crucial to elucidate the mechanisms affecting insulin resistance in pancreatic tissue in AD. It is known that zinc (Zn+2) chelation is effective in reducing peripheral insulin resistance, cell apoptosis, cell death, and oxidative stress. Aims: This study aimed to determine the bioactive lipids in the pancreas in the Aβ oligomer-induced rat model to determine the changes in amylin (AIPP), oxidative stress, and apoptosis in pancreatic cells and to reveal the therapeutic effect of the Cyclo-Z agent on them. AD and ADC rats were intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) Aβ1-42 oligomers. Cyclo-Z gavage was applied to ADC and SHC rats for 21 days. First of all, the effects of AIPP, bioactive ceramides, apoptosis and oxidative stress on the pancreatic tissue of AD group rats were evaluated. Then, the effect of Cyclo-Z treatment on these was examined. ELISA kit was used in biochemical analyses. AIPP and ceramide (CER) levels and CER/ sphingosine-1 phosphate (S1P) ratio were increased in the pancreatic tissue of AD rats. It also increased the level of CER kinase (CERK), which is known to increase the concentration of CER 1-phosphate (C1P), which is known to be toxic to cells in the presence of excessive CER concentration. Due to the increase in CER level, it was observed that apoptosis and oxidative stress increased in the pancreatic cells of AD group rats. Cyclo-Z, which has Zn+2 chelating properties, reduced AD model rats' AIPP level and oxidative stress and could prevent pancreatic apoptosis. Similar therapeutic effects were not observed in the pancreatic tissue of Cyclo-Z administered to the SH group. For this reason, it is thought that Cyclo-Z agent may have a therapeutic effect on the peripheral hyperinsulinemia observed in the early stages of AD disease and the resulting low amount of insulin transported to the brain, by protecting pancreatic cells from apoptosis and oxidative stress by regulating their bioactive metabolites.
Bridging carbon footprint and urban livability differences in Chinese non-core cities: a typological exploration
Authors: Du Yizhao
Published: March 2024

One of the major challenges for Chinese future development is the carbon footprint governance. There are three gaps in the research on the connection between carbon footprint and Chinese urban socioeconomics: 1) the lack of consideration of differences in cities' carbon emissions characteristics resulting from the composition of carbon footprint, 2) the lack of concern for the grassroots perspectives of livability and the relations with carbon footprint, and 3) the lack of attention to the difficulties of carbon footprint governance in non-core cities. Therefore, our study focuses on Chinese non-core cities to explore the connection between carbon footprint and urban livability. We pioneer a typological approach in this relational study, using K-means clustering analysis to define four different types of non-core cities based on their carbon footprint. To understand the connection, we then investigate whether there are distinguishable variations in each type at all levels of livability. We built a multidimensional evaluation system with 21 specific indicators. The results are promising. We found that four types have diverse performances in all dimensions of urban livability. These findings provide a fundamental portrait of the carbon footprint of non-core cities to support further research, and a valuable reference for the planning and implementation of city-targeted carbon reduction policies. This paper also emphasizes for the first time the connection between carbon footprint and livability, calling for more stakeholders to focus on this important factor of residents' daily lives in the pursuit of low-carbon vision.
Both Enantiomers of 2-Hydroxyglutarate Modulate the Metabolism of Cultured Human Neuroblastoma Cells
Authors: Gondáš Eduard , Baranovičová Eva , Bystrický Peter , Šofránko Jakub , Evinová Andrea , Dohál Matúš , Hatoková Zuzana , Murín Radovan
Published: March 2024

Elevated levels of D-2-hydroxyglutarate (D-2HG) and L-2-hydroxyglutarate (L-2HG) in the brain are associated with various pathological conditions, potentially contributing to neurological symptoms and neurodegeneration. Previous studies on animal models have revealed their capability to interfere with several cellular processes, including mitochondrial metabolism. Both enantiomers competitively inhibit the enzymatic activity of 2-oxoglutarate-dependent dioxygenases. These enzymes also execute several signaling cascades and regulate the level of covalent modifications on nucleic acids or proteins, e.g., methylation, hydroxylation, or ubiquitination, with an effect on epigenetic regulation of gene expression, protein stability, and intracellular signaling. To investigate the potential impact of 2HG enantiomers on human neuronal cells, we utilized the SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cell line as a model. We employed proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR) spectroscopy of culture media that provided high-resolution insights into the changes in the content of metabolites. Concurrently, we performed biochemical assays to complement the 1H-NMR findings and to estimate the activities of lactate and 3-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenases. Our results reveal that both 2HG enantiomers can influence the cellular metabolism of human neuroblastoma cells on multiple levels. Specifically, both enantiomers of 2HG comparably stimulate anaerobic metabolism of glucose and inhibit the uptake of several essential amino acids from the culture media. In this respect, both 2HG enantiomers decreased the catabolism capability of cells to incorporate the leucine-derived carbon atoms into their metabolism and to generate the ketone bodies. These results provide evidence that both enantiomers of 2HG have the potential to influence the metabolic and molecular aspects of human cells. Furthermore, we may propose that increased levels of 2HG enantiomers in the brain parenchyma may alter brain metabolism features, potentially contributing to the etiology of neurological symptoms in patients.
Impact of Nutritional Support Teams and Micronutrient Supplementation on Clinical Outcomes: Assessing Compliance and Feasibility in a Cohort Study
Authors: Lee Sunmin , Shin Jongbeom , Kim Mina , Jo Suejin , Park Soo-Hyun
Published: March 2024

Introduction
Micronutrient (MN) supplementation has a positive impact on clinical outcomes. However, the evidence for the impact of MN supplementation remains controversial. Therefore, our study aims to assess the impact on nutritional outcomes according to exploring the implementation of MN support with multidisciplinary collaboration.
Methods
All 255 patients referred to a nutrition support team (NST) between July and November 2022 were included. The NST reviews the MN protocol, which includes multivitamins and trace elements, based on international nutrient guidelines. All patients who were on nothing per oral and did not meet ≥ 70% of their nutritional requirements within 1 week were recommended MN supplements. Compliance with the MN protocol was evaluated, alterations in nutritional status based on the Nutrition Risk Screening 2002 (NRS 2002) scoring system and clinical outcomes were assessed after 7 day and at discharge. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to identify factors associated with high nutritional risk in discharged patients. In addition, a sub-analysis was performed on changes in the nutritional of patients on the ward and in the intensive care unit (ICU).
Results
The rate of implementation of MN supplementation was 50.2%. The findings indicated a significant decrease in the NRS 2002 score in the good-compliance group with MN supplementation. No significant differences in protocol compliance were observed in terms of mortality, hospital stay, or length of stay in the intensive care unit. However, bad compliance with MN supplementation was correlated with risk factors for malnutrition at discharge. In subgroup analysis, nutritional status in the ICU and wards improved, with a significant difference between the two groups.
Conclusion
MN supplementation via the protocol is helpful for inpatients’ nutritional status. Therefore, bad compliance with MN supplementation has been identified as a risk factor for malnutrition at discharge, which requires active intervention by the NST.
Smart contract generation model based on code annotation and AST-LSTM tuning
Authors: Yong Chen , Defeng Hu , Chao Xu , Nannan Chen , Shen Fanfan , Liu Jianbo
Published: March 2024

With the wide application of smart contracts in many fields, the number, types, and complexity of smart contracts are showing a rapidly increasing trend. However , the development of smart contracts has its own unique programming language and security requirements, which are difficult for conventional software personnel to adapt to quickly, and how to realize the efficient development of smart contracts according to the application requirements is an important issue that needs to be solved for its further development. To this end, this paper proposes a smart contract generation method based on AST-LSTM characterization and code annotation tuning large language model, which adopts AST-LSTM model combining Abstract Syntax Tree (AST) and Tree-LSTM to vectorize the code as well as Sentence-Bert to vectorize the annotations and carry out a weighted analysis, and constructs a smart contract clustering analysis model to achieve accurate clustering of functionally similar smart contracts. Then the AST-LSTM+Transformer model is used to detect defects in the clustered code and correlate the related annotation information to construct a diverse Prompt feature prompt statement dataset. Finally, the LLaMA2-7B model is used as the basis for demand-specific smart contract generation with the help of Lora and P-Tuning v2 fine-tuning techniques. In this paper, with the help of BLEU, an auxiliary tool for bilingual translation quality assessment, and Mythril, VaaS, 1 and other code security detection tools, we conducted comparative experiments with existing methods. The results of the experiment show that the average value of BLEU of the code generated by this paper’s method is improved by about 25%, and the code security is improved by about 9%, which will greatly promote the rapid development and exploitation of smart contracts with high-security requirements.
Butea monosperma seed oil loaded ethosomal vesicular carrier and its hydrogel for vaginal candidiasis: QbD based development, in vitro and in vivo evaluation
Authors: Singh Akriti , Agarwal Shweta , Sourirajan Anuradha , Parashar Arun , Dua Kamal , Chellapan Dinesh Kumar , Singh Sachin Kumar , Gupta Gaurav , Negi Poonam
Published: March 2024

Purpose
Vaginal candidiasis (VC), a common recurrent gynaecological disorder affects almost 70% women. Development of resistance to antifungal agents exacerbates the need for new treatments against Candida infections. The objective of the current work was to develop Ethosomal Vesicles (EVs) and EV hydrogel of Butea monosperma seed oil (BMSO) for treatment of vaginal candidiasis as BMSO has demonstrated fungicidal and bactericidal activity.
Methods
EVs, formulated by ethanol injection-sonication method used Phospholipon90G and ethanol as excipients and were optimized by Box-Behnken design (BBD). BMSO (X1), phospholipid (X2) and ethanol concentration (X3) were selected as input variables, while vesicle size (Y1), PDI (Y2) and %EE (Y3), were taken as response variables.
Results
The size of optimized EVs was found to be 240.9nm, PDI was 0.326, %EE was 53.84%. FESEM and HR-TEM unveiled vesicles of rhombic dodecahedral shape with smooth, sealed structure. The EVs, incorporated into carbopol gel demonstrated non-Newtonian behavior. MIC determination by broth microdilution method revealed MIC of EVs and hydrogel to be 2.5 times less as compared to BMSO against C. albicans. Anti-candidal activities determined using agar well diffusion method demonstrated better zone of inhibition for hydrogel vis-à-vis BMSO. Pharmacodynamic evaluation manifested comparable decrease in fungal burden by EVs and EV hydrogel to marketed Clotrimazole. Histopathology of vaginal tissue of treated groups showed no or mild inflammation with normal skin structure.
Conclusion
The results disclosed EVs and EV hydrogel to possess better antifungal activity vis-a-vis BMSO and can be explored as potential alternative herbal product for VC.
Continuously improving outcome over time after second allogeneic stem cell transplantation in relapsed acute myeloid leukemia - an EBMT registry analysis of 1540 patients
Authors: Schmid Christoph , Schmaelter Ann-Kristin , Ngoya Maud , Galimard Jacques-Emmanuel , Bazarbachi Ali , Finke Jürgen , Kröger Nicolaus , Bornhauser Martin , Stelljes Matthias , Stölzel Friedrich , Tischer Johanna , Schroeder Thomas , Dreger Peter , Blau Igor-Wolfgang , Savani Bipin , Giebel Sebastian , Esteve Jordi , Arnon Nagler , Ciceri Fabio , Mohty Mohamad
Published: March 2024

Second allogeneic stem cell transplantation (alloSCT2) is among the most effective treatments for acute myeloid leukemia (AML) relapse after first alloSCT (alloSCT1). Long-term EBMT registry data were used to provide large scale, up-to-date outcome results and to identify factors for improved outcome. Among 1540 recipients of alloSCT2, increasing age, better disease control and performance status before alloSCT2, more use of alternative donors and higher conditioning intensity represented important trends over time. Between the first (2000–2004) and last (2015–2019) period, two-year overall and leukemia-free survival (OS/LFS) increased considerably (OS: 22.5%-35%, LFS: 14.5%-24.5%). Cumulative relapse incidence (RI) decreased from 64–50.7%, whereas graft-versus-host disease and non-relapse mortality (NRM) remained unchanged. In multivariable analysis, later period of alloSCT2 was associated with improved OS/LFS (HR = 0.47/0.53) and reduced RI (HR = 0.44). Beyond, remission duration, disease stage and patient performance score were factors for OS, LFS, RI and NRM. Myeloablative conditioning for alloSCT2 decreased RI without increasing NRM, leading to improved OS/LFS. Haploidentical or unrelated donors and older age were associated with higher NRM and inferior OS. In summary, outcome after alloSCT2 has continuously improved over the last two decades despite increasing patient age. The identified factors provide clues for the optimized implementation of alloSCT2.
Strict refinement property of connected loop-free categories
Authors: Ulusoy Aly-Bora , Haucourt Emmanuel
Published: March 2024

In this paper we study the strict refinement property for connected partial orders also known as Hashimoto’s Theorem. This property implies that any isomorphism between products of irreducible structures is determined is uniquely determined as a product of isomorphisms between the factors. This refinement implies a sort of smallest possible decomposition for such structures. After a brief recall of the necessary notion we prove that Hashimoto’s theorem can be extended to connected loop-free categories, i.e. categories with no non-trivial morphisms endomorphisms. A special case of such categories is the category of connected components, for concurrent programs without loops.
MSC Classification: 06A06
Adolescents’ experiences of using patient portals in mental health care - a qualitative study
Authors: Nielsen Martine Stecher , Steinsbekk Aslak , Nøst Torunn Hatlen
Published: March 2024

Background
Adolescents in mental health care are gradually expected to assume greater responsibility for their health care. Patient portals may aid adolescents in this process by providing opportunities for treatment management and easier access to clinical information from their electronic health record (EHR). However, there is limited knowledge of how adolescents in mental health care experience using patient portals. Therefore, the aim of the current study was to explore adolescents´ experiences of using patient portals in mental health care.
Methods
A qualitative study with individual semi-structured interviews with 17 persons who had experiences from using patient portals in child and adolescent specialist mental health care. The main questions concerned how they experienced using a patient portal, how they experienced using different features in the patient portal, and how access had affected their relationship with their healthcare provider.
Results
The data were categorised into three themes: “A tool to assume responsibility”, “To be in control” and “A better understanding vs. negative reactions”. The informants talked about how they had used the patient portal to aid treatment management and that this had helped in their transition into adult care. The feature in the patient portal that the informants talked most about was the access to clinical notes written by healthcare providers. Reading the notes was said to give the informants a better understanding of their condition and helped them to track progress. Still, it could also cause distress and divert attention from their daily activities.
Conclusion
The informants´ experiences with using a patient portal in child and adolescent mental health care varied from managing treatment and getting a better understanding of their situation, to causing distress and challenging the trust in their healthcare providers.
Late fused multi-modal neural network with votingclassifier for Parkinson’s Disease detection
Authors: aljohani Abeer
Published: March 2024

Parkinson’s Disease (PD) is categorized as a neurodegenerative progressivedisease caused by the destruction of the cells in the midbrain posterior.Detecting PD in its early stages will help physicians alleviate the complications of the disease. Artificial Intelligence (AI) is considered as the groupof trained models that can be used for classification and regression. Differentmodalities such as text, speech, and picture, can be used for detecting PD.This research proposes a multi-modal deep learning recognition technique forPD classification. To improve the quality of PD detection in the early stages,the proposed method is composed of three main sections. These sections are:feature extracting, merging, and classifying. As feature extractors a combination of Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) and attention mechanisms isdeveloped. To extract features from related motion signals a combination ofCNN and Long-Short Term Memory (LSTM) model is used. Finally, Random Forest (RF), Logistic Regression (LR), Support Vector Machine (SVM),Extreme Boot Classifier (XGB), and voting classifier are used to distinguishbetween healthy and PD subjects. The experimental result indicates 99.95%accuracy, 99.99% precision, 99.98% sensitivity, and 99.95% F1-score usingthe proposed CNN with attention and voting classifier on PD handwritingand corresponding motion datasets. The achieved results show the proposedmethod of extracting features from both handwriting pictures and correlatedmotor symptoms followed by fusing the features and finally using voting asthe classifier can achieve perfect performance for PD classification
Annexin A11(ANXA 11) facilitates oral squamous cell carcinoma progression via activating the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway
Authors: Xu Ning , Li Jie , Zhang Bi , Zou Sihai , Zhu Luying , He Yungang , Gou Liming , Li Yong
Published: March 2024

Oral squamous cell carcinoma(OSCC) is one of the most frequent malignancies with a high incidence of recurrence and metastasis, accounting for about 90% of the oral and maxillofacial malignant neoplasms. The Annexin A11 (ANXA11) gene has been implicated in various human cancers, with highly expressed ANXA11 reported in the majority of cancers. In the current study, ANXA11 is a highly expressed gene in OSCC patients associated with the TNM stage, degrees of differentiation, and lymph node metastasis. Small interfering RNA verified that ANXA11 accelerated OSCC cell proliferation in vitro by involving the cell cycle and expedited neoplasm growth in vivo. Additionally, the knockdown of ANXA11 effectively suppressed metastasis capacity. Mechanistically, ANXA11 knockdown decreases the phosphorylation of PI3K and AKT, inferring that ANXA11 facilitates OSCC progression via activating the PI3K/AKT signalling pathway in OSCC. In summary, ANXA11, as a novel oncogene, is a potential therapeutic target in OSCC.
VEGF Gene Polymorphism And Study On Genetic Susceptibility Of Neuropsychiatric Lupus
Authors: Yang 阳丽华 , Jin Min , Liu zhiang , Zhou wei , Li Xi , Wang Jian
Published: March 2024

Background: Vascular endothelial growth factor ( VEGF ) plays an important role in the pathogenesis of neuropsychiatric lupus ( NPSLE ), This study was designed for analysis of the relationship between single nucleotide polymorphisms of VEGF gene rs699947, rs10434, rs833070 and genetic susceptibility to NPSLE.
Methods: A total of 82 patients diagnosed as NPSLE and without other autoimmune diseases were selected as the NPSLE group (positive group). Non-NPSLE group (positive control group) 166 patients with systemic lupus erythematosus without psychiatric symptoms. According to the principle of age matching with the positive control group, 150 healthy subjects were randomly selectedas the healthy control group (negative control group). The allele and genotype of three SNP loci and the correlation between NPSLE and non-NPSLE were analyzed.
Results: 1. The genotype frequencies of GG, GA and AA genotypesat rs10434 locus were statistically significant in NPSLE group, non-NPSLE group and negative control group (P < 0.05). 2. The genotype and allele frequencies of rs699947 and rs833070 loci werenot statistically significant in the NPSLE group, non-NPSLE group and negative control group (P > 0.05). 3. rs10434 locus GG genotype and G gene as reference, A allele, mutant heterozygous model GA, dominant model (GA+AA ) were associated with therisk of NPSLE (P < 0.05).
Conclusion: We found that VEGF rs10434 A allele, mutant heterozygous model GA, dominant model GA+AA can increase the risk of NPSLE. A allele and dominant model GA+AA can increase the risk of non-NPSLE. There was no significant correlation between rs699947 and rs833070 polymorphism and the risk of NPSLE and non-NPSLE.
Experimental studies of the three nucleon system dynamics in the proton induced deuteron breakup at 108 MeV
Authors: Łobejko Angelina , Kalantar-Nayestanaki Nasser , Kistryn Stanisław , Kłos Barbara , Kozela Adam , Kulessa Paweł , Parol Wiktor , Skwira-Chalot Izabela , Stephan Elżbieta , Szadziński Albert , Wilczek Andrzej , Włoch Bogusław , Zejma Jacek
Published: March 2024

The differential cross sections for the \(^2\)H(p,pp)n reaction have been measured for more than 80 angular configurations of the outgoing protons in the range of polar angles from 13 to 33 degrees with a proton beam at 108 MeV. Data have been collected at the first experimental run in the Cyclotron Center Bronowice (CCB) at the Institute of Nuclear Physics PAS in Cracow, using the BINA detector setup. Analysis leading to determination of the breakup cross section values is described. Absolute normalization is obtained by normalization to the simultaneously measured \(^1\)H(d,d)p scattering events.Experimental results are compared to the state-of-the-art theoretical calculations. Global analysis shows significant influence of the Coulomb interaction and small effects of three nucleon force in the studied phase space region.
Meson Exchange Currents in the Clothed-particle Representation: Calculation of the Deuteron Magnetic Form Factors
Authors: Kostylenko Yan , Shebeko Oleksandr
Published: March 2024

We show an original way to build up a new family of electromagnetic meson exchange current operators via the method of unitary clothing transformations. Being introduced in such a way they do not depend on the choice of states with which we calculate the matrix elements. The new expressions for meson exchange currents have been compared with ones derived within the previous explorations. Special attention is paid to the deuteron eigenvalue problem and finding the proper deuteron states in a moving frame. An effective technique of ensuring the gauge independence based upon generalization of Siegert’s theorem is proposed. Magnetic form factor of the deuteron is calculated with both one-body and two-body mechanisms. The influence of relativistic effects in the one-body calculation have been considered. Besides, separate contributions from the different meson exchange mechanisms are discussed.
Closure of oroantral fistula using platelet rich fibrin with endoscopic middle meatal antrostomy.
Authors: Elgabarty Amira Tarek , Elmahallay Ahmed Salah , Oraby Mona Samy , Ibraheam Ahmed Aly
Published: March 2024

Background: Oroantral fistula (OAF) is a pathological, epithelialized, and unnatural communication between the maxillary sinus and oral cavity. Recently, functional endoscopic sinus surgery has provided minimally invasive treatment options with fewer postoperative complications. The aim of this study was to evaluate the one stage endoscopic middle meatal antrostomy (EMMA) technique with application of platelet rich fibrin membrane (PRF) for OAF closure and relief of maxillary sinusitis.
Patients and Methods: This study was conducted on nine eligible patients who suffered from OAF with odontogenic sinusitis. A complete excision of the epithelial tract and any necrotic tissue was done with proper curettage. Then, EMMA was performed with simultaneous closure of the OAF by application of PRF membrane and covering it with an acrylic splint. Patients were clinically evaluated for closure of the OAF after 14 days postoperatively, relief of the symptoms, and assessment of the pain level. Also, the size of the bone defect was measured with the aid of computed tomography (CT) preoperatively and after 24 weeks postoperatively.
Results: The patients were seven males and two females with a mean age of 38 years old. Data was collected, tabulated, and statistically analyzed. Healing of the soft tissue wound and bone formation occurred in all patients with relief of maxillary sinusitis without recording any complications. Also, the visual analogue score was statistically significant decreased on the 7th day postoperatively compared with the 1st day postoperatively (p<.001).
Conclusions: One-stage EMMA with the application of a PRF membrane and acrylic splint is a reliable alternative technique for OAF closure and relief of maxillary sinusitis that is associated with lower incidence of complications and minimal postoperative pain level.
Trial registration: The trial had been registered on clinicaltrials.gov (ID: NCT06281873).