bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An Elliptic Integral Solution to the Multiple Inflections Large Deflection Beams in Compliant Mechanisms
Authors: Song Jiang Yong
Published: June 2014

In this paper, a solution based on the elliptic integrals is proposed for solving multiples inflection points large deflection. Application of the Bernoulli Euler equations of compliant mechanisms with large deflection equation of beam is obtained ,there is no inflection point and inflection points in two cases respectively. The elliptic integral solution which is the most accurate method at present for analyzing large deflections of cantilever beams in compliant mechanisms.
Analysis and Simulation of Machine Tool Vibration Based on Magneto-Rheological Dampers
Authors: Liu Shang , Zhang Xiao Long
Published: June 2014

The subject comesfrom major national special project in Kunming Machine Tool Factory which oursupervisor is working on currently. This report is the analysis of overallstructure of magnetorheological dampers,main technical features andperformance. It also provides a brief introduction to the main features of MRFand rheological principle, as well as the calculation of magnetorheologicaldamper size design, and also constructs the magnetorheological damper simulationmodel based on the magneto-rheological dampers structural features. With theTHM65160 CNC machine structure, we designed specifically on the localapplication of magneto-rheological dampers for varying magnetic flux dampermounted machine made ​​dynamic performance test responses. Based on this,magnetorheological dampers combine structural and performance characteristics,simulating the motion by using ADMS.
Analysis of Packer Rubber Mechanics Properties
Authors: Wang Jian Ning , Wu Gang , Xie Wei Yi , Han Xin De , Gang Ming Chao
Published: June 2014

Abstract: The packer rubber stress in the bottom hole is more complex. Based on constitutive model of the packer rubber material, this paper determines such parameters as model constants, Poisson's ratio of rubber materials and elastic modulus by using experimental method, to build up the finite element model of center tube-rubber cylinder-casing for the purpose of stress analysis. Finally, the distribution regularity of rubber cylinder-casing contact stress and packer setting travel distance with varying loads is concluded. The results can provide the theoretical basis for further analysis of packer rubber sealing performance.
Detection of Glass Transition in Poly(vinyl butyral) Thin Films with a Quartz Crystal Resonator on Different Overtones
Authors: Tang Xue Feng , Wang Lu Lu , Liu Kai , Zhu Da Ming
Published: June 2014

We demonstrate that that a quartz crystal resonator (QCR) is applicable to investigate the glass transition of the Poly (vinyl butyral) (PVB) thin films by the simultaneous measurement of both resonant frequency and bandwidths on several overtones. The response of resonant frequency and bandwidths of film coated quartz crystal directly reflects the information about surface mass and film shear modulus. This enable us to explicitly deduce the glass transition temperature and the shear modulus parameter of PVB thin films on different overtones from the frequency shift and the bandwidths shift. These results indicate the feasibility of using QCR technique to characterize glass transition temperature and viscoelastic properties of the PVB thin films.
Analysis of the Influence of Vibro-Acoustic Coupling Effect on the Floor Sound Insulation
Authors: Bai Xiao Tian , Chen Chang Zheng
Published: June 2014

The difference between the theoretical calculation and the actual volume of sound insulation which appears in the actual engineering of water pump system always exceed the standard of noise in the residential areas. It is difficult to meet the requirement even when the quality of the project gets improved. In this paper, ,the acoustical mode is obtained by finite element method and the distribution of noise after coming through the floor is calculated in different frequency based on the theory of sound and vibration coupling effect . The result points out that the neglect of the vibro-acoustic coupling effect is the main reason of imprecise. The solution to the problem is put forward and the direction of the noise reduction measures in the future is pointed out .
Based on Pro/E4.0 and PDX’s Rigid Sheet Stamping Mould Design
Authors: Wen Zhou , Zhang Jun Ling , Gong Xiu Duan
Published: June 2014

This paper analyzes the stamping process of a rigid gasket, designs a set of progressive die for gasket. Three-position of the die includes the punching, cutting, bending and blanking. And compared with single-process die and compound die, the gasket can obtain better surface quality, the die can prevent poor strength and partial load, and punching hole in the ear and separating bending process can improve the accuracy of stamping parts, it has some reference value for the progressive die of the stamping parts. Throughout the design process, the model of rigid gasket and 3D mold design are established in Pro/E4.0 and PDX, this can significantly shorten the design cycle; the process of open-mode is simulated in the Simulation module.
Design of a Walking System for the Pot-Seedling Hole-Forming Machine
Authors: Guo Yi , Ding Guo Liang , Li Zhi Qiang
Published: June 2014

In order to solve design problems in the intermittent walking system, a walking system for the pot-seedling hole-forming machine was designed. It is composed of the rack, motor, driving shaft, driving wheel, guide wheel and geneva mechanism. Main structural parameters for this system were determined and a mathematical model for kinematic analysis built. Based on this model, kinematic parameters like displacement, velocity and acceleration were worked out. In addition, a variation curve was established. The prototype test has shown that this system can meet requirements on intermittent walking of the pot-seedling hole-forming machine and features simple structure, low cost, easy handling and maintenance.
Design of Distributed Electrode Switching Device for High Density Resistivity Instrument
Authors: Shi Jun Wei , Huang Ting Zhe , Zhang Lei , Han Ying Jie , Wu Da , Duan Qing Ming
Published: June 2014

Distributed electrode switching device is an important part of high density resistivity instrument, and its performance will directly affect the usage of high density resistivity instrument in field work. This thesis introduces a design method of distributed electrode switching device. The device utilizes MCU to control magnetic latching relays to switch, and thus controls electrodes to switch automatically. It also utilizes RS485 chips to complete communication with adjoining electrode switching circuits. In order to test the device, this thesis introduces a software design method and the device turns out to be low power, small size and high reliable.
FEM Modal Analysis of Diesel Engine Block
Authors: Jiang Shao Zhong , Yan Wen Bing
Published: June 2014

Taking the block of a diesel engine as example, the entity’s geometric model is constructed according to reasonable simplification of design. Research was made on the effects of the FEM modal analysis results with different meshing densities.The results provide reference for the choice of element in further engine modal analysis. The results also provide basis for further structure dynamic analysis and control of noise of the diesel engine.
Geometrically Nonlinear Free Axisymmetric Vibrations Analysis of Thin Circular Functionally Graded Plates
Authors: Rachid El Kaak , Khalid El Bikri , Rhali Benamar
Published: June 2014

This paper deals with nonlinear free axisymmetric vibrations of functionally graded thin circular plates whose properties vary through its thickness. The inhomogeneity of the plate is characterized by a power law variation of the Young’s modulus and mass density of the material along the thickness direction, whereas Poisson’s ratio is assumed to be constant. The theoretical model is based on Hamilton’s principle and spectral analysis using a basis of admissible Bessel’s functions to yield the frequencies of the circular plates under clamped boundary conditions on the basis of the classical plate theory. The large vibration amplitudes problem, reduced to a set of non-linear algebraic equations, is solved numerically. The non-linear to linear frequency ratios are presented for various values of the volume fraction index n showing hardening type non-linearity. The distribution of the radial bending stress associated to the non-linear mode shape is also given for various vibration amplitudes, and is compared with those predicted by the linear theory.
Homogenization Technique for Non-Linear Free Vibrations Analysis of FGM Rectangular Plates
Authors: Boukhzer A. Abdenbi , El Bikri Khalid , Rhali Benamar
Published: June 2014

In the present study, the problem of geometrically nonlinear free vibrations of functionally graded rectangular plates (FGRP) is studied. A homogenization technique has been developed to reduce the FGRP problem under consideration to that of isotropic homogeneous rectangular plate. The material properties of the functionally graded composites examined herein are assumed to be graded in the thickness direction of the plate and estimated through the rule of mixture. The proposed theoretical model is based on the classical plate theory and the Von Karman relationships, and the amplitude equation is derived in the form of a set of non-linear algebraic equation using Hamilton’s principle and a multimode approach. The fundamental nonlinear frequency parameters and the bending stress are then calculated using the iterative and explicit methods of solution to show the effect of the vibration amplitudes and the material distributions. The results obtained in this study are found to be in a good agreement with the published ones dealing with the problem of large vibration of functionally graded plates.
Modeling of Diesel Engine Piston and Finite Element Mesh
Authors: Gao Tian Hong
Published: June 2014

according to the heat load of diesel engine piston, to set up the finite element model and the corresponding thermal boundary conditions of 3D thermal models of the diesel engine piston, Through the finite element analysis , simulating the temperature field. Through the above finite element analysis,getting the temperature field of diesel engine piston, to build a theoretical basis for the development and design of other diesel engine piston.
Research and Design of SWET Equipment for Engineering Machinery Company
Authors: Zhao Qing Song
Published: June 2014

The structural framework for the car’s assembly line simulation training system of the SWET(Simulated Work Environment Training) is designed overall, including two automatic car assembly lines and two manually run the disassembly line. The automatic control system of the car’s assembly line simulation training system is designed with the knowledge of electrical and electronic, SCM principles, counts the number of the car, automatically pause and open the line with alarm and automatic recovery control.
Effect of ZrO2 Content on the Properties of Mg-HA Composites
Authors: Li Cheng Hai , Zhang Yun Long , Li Xing Yi
Published: June 2014

The ZrO2-Mg-HA powders were fabricated by the chemical precipitation and pressureless sintering technology. The dental filling materials were prepared in combination with ZrO2-Mg-HA powders and polymethacrylate. The phase composition, fracture morphology and mechanical performance of the ZrO2-Mg/HA composites were investigated in details. The results showed that the introduction of moderate content of the ZrO2 was benefit to improve the compressive strength of the material. The investigated ZrO2-Mg/HA composites could meet the requirements for the dental filling materials.
Research on Structural Optimal Design of a Car Plastic Back Door
Authors: Yu Duo Nian , Wu Zhi Jia , Zhao You Qun , Gu Li Yang , Liu Jing Min
Published: June 2014

This paper takes a passenger car back door as an example with the use of glass fiber reinforced PET to replace steel. The sampling space is sampled by the optimal Latin hypercube experimental method and according to the experimental data, it establishes the polynomial response surface (RSM) model. Select NSGA −∏ genetic algorithm to optimize the back door assembly thickness of multi-objection with the purpose of lightweight.
Research on Supercharging Thermal Parameters of T6190 Natural Gas Engine
Authors: Chen Gang Tian
Published: June 2014

The relationship among the thermal parameters of supercharging system of internal combustion engine is very complicated. They affect and constrain each other. It is comparatively difficult to find out their changing rules and interactions, let alone the special supercharging system of natural gas engine. This paper is aimed to calculate and find out the internal connections among all parameters by rationally selecting parameters collected from experiences and establishing mathematical model for the supercharging thermal parameters of natural gas engine based on diesel engine’s supercharging estimation method, so as to provide theoretical basis for matching the supercharging system.
Research on the Springback Regularity of Curved Edge Bending
Authors: Zhang Ling Yun , Bai Kun
Published: June 2014

Rubber bladder hydroforming is one of the most important technology in the aircraft manufacturing industry.The springback seriously restricted the one-step forming.This paper is a research on the springback angle of straight edge bending and curved edge bending by using FEM software PAM-STAMP2G .Comparing the angles between the straight edge bending and the curved edge bending to get the springback regularity along the circumference.The springback angle of the curved edge bending changes along the circumference closing to a parabola and the springback angle of the edge is approaching to that of straight edge bending.
Stable Control of Under-Actuated Mechanical System Acrobot
Authors: Wu Min , Pu Hai
Published: June 2014

The mechanical system with one control input and two degrees of freedom is one kind of simple under-drive system, As a typical of two-DOF underactuated mechanical systems , Two-link underactuated mechanical arms is a system scholars always research of.This paper mainly take the two link underactuated mechanical arms-Acrobot which motivate in the vertical plane as object to discusses the asymptotic stability of control
The Design and Implementation of Fuzzy Control Algorithm for Frequency Conversion System of Pump
Authors: Gong Qin Hui
Published: June 2014

The principle of double-input and single-output fuzzy controller has been analyzed in detail. Aimed at the frequency conversion system of the pump in wastewater treatment we has conducted the research of fuzzy control algorithm, In frequency control system we adopt double input and single output basic fuzzy controller. The simulation results show that using the fuzzy controller to control frequency converter to realize AC variable speed of motor can achieve value quickly, and control effete is smooth, the dynamic characteristics of system are also good, reaching the design requirements well, which has a very broad application prospects.
Keywords: sewage treatment; frequency conversion; fuzzy control; pump; double input and single output
The Design of Electronic Control Governor of Turbo-Charged Diesel Engine
Authors: Cheng Ting Ting
Published: June 2014

This paper reviews the development and the present situation of diesel electronic control system, describes the development process of the engine control model in detail , mainly introduces the continuous control model, and compares the advantages and disadvantages and application scope of each model;A detailed description of electronically controlled speed regulating system of diesel engine and its application of simulation technology in various fields.
Application of Variable Frequency Speed Regulation System in Coal Mine Drainage
Authors: Li Chun Hua , Xu Shao Xiong , Liu Ruo Han , Xia Guo Liang
Published: June 2014

At present,in allusion to problems of high motor energy dissipation,low reliability in the coal mine drain system of our country.The motor which is used to drag pump is controled by variable frequency speed system.The mechanical properties of down-hole pump and the principle and methods of the pump energy saving applied variable frequency speed will be expounded.Studies show that effects of the technology and energy saving is remarkable and that has a certain degree of social and economic benefits.
Finite Element Analysis of Leakage about Metallic Sealing Ring Used in Aircraft Engine
Authors: Wang Yun , Chen Xi , Ding Xiang Yu
Published: June 2014

based on process equation, momentum equation, state equation and continuity equation, building ax symmetric finite element model of sealing ring used in aero engine, combined with characters of flowing gas in small gap deduce the formula of gas leakage rate, and discuss the impact of working environment for its sealing capability. The result show, as the compression ratio increased, the leakage was correspondingly reduced.
The Electric Car Charger Control Circuit Design and Analysis Module
Authors: Liu Ying Chun , Zhang Jian Ming , Zhang De Long , Wang Yan Yu , Hou Chun Guang , Wang Zi Ping , Liu Hua Xin , Liu Chun Rui
Published: June 2014

the article introduces theelectric car charger control circuit design thinking and ideas, the controlcircuit to be able to with the front-end circuit switching power supply and MCUto cooperate to complete the following phases the constant current and constantvoltage charging battery automatic conversion, and stable in each phase of thecurrent value or the voltage value. Analyze the circuit module, includingsampling module, PWM signal module, proportional amplifier module, PIadjustment module.
A Combined Particle Swarm Optimization-Wavelet Transform Based Strategy for Power Management of PEM Fuel Cell Powered Hybrid System
Authors: Ren Yuan , Zhong Zhi Dan , Luo Tian Yu
Published: June 2014

This paper proposed a combined particle swarm optimization-wavelet-transform based power management for PEM fuel cell powered hybrid electric vehicles which including a PEM fuel cell, a lithium-ion battery and an ultra-capacitor. This combined particle swarm optimization-wavelet-transform based frequency decoupling power management strategy is capable of identifying the high frequency of the ultra-capacitor, the PEM fuel cell low frequency and the lithium-ion battery medium frequency power demand of the hybrid systems. The hybrid system efficiency and life cycle can be extended. We made simulation by using the SimpowerSystem of MATLAB, the results shows the combined particle swarm optimization-wavelet transform based strategy for power management is validated.
Yellowish-Brown Pigment with High near Infrared Reflective
Authors: Thongkanluang Thadsanee , Wutisatwongkul Jantharat , Prayoon Surin
Published: June 2014

Yellowish-brown inorganic pigments having a high near infrared solar reflectance have been synthesized. In this research, Fe2O3 was used as the host component, whereas, the mixtures of Sb2O3, SiO2, Al2O3, and TiO2 were used as the guest components. The guest components were investigated over a range of 36 different compositions. The results showed that the pigment, denoted by YB32, with a composition of Fe2O3, Sb2O3, SiO2, Al2O3, and TiO2 of 65, 15, 10, 2 and 8 wt.% respectively, generated a maximum near infrared solar reflectance of 40.8% while the YB3 pigment was found to have a minimum reflectance of 29.3%. The CIE L*a*b* colour index was used to measure the yellowish-brown pigment colours. The YB32 and YB3 pigment powders were also characterized by powder X-ray diffraction technique. It was found that the YB3 powder developed a new phase, FeSb2O3, which is mainly responsible for the decrease in the near infrared solar reflectance.
Structural, Optical and Photocatalytic Properties of ZnO Nanoparticles Prepared by Precipitation Method
Authors: Suwanboon Sumetha , Amornpitoksuk Pongsaton
Published: June 2014

ZnO nanoparticles were synthesized from PEG600 diacid modified-Zn (CH3COO)2.2H2O solution by precipitation method and an aqueous NaOH solution was used as precipitating agent. The crystal structure, morphology and optical property of ZnO nanoparticles were characterized by XRD, SEM and UV-Vis spectrophotometer, respectively. The crystallinity increased while the Eg value decreased as a function of PEG600 diacid concentrations. The ZnO nanoparticles that had the highest crystallinity and lowest Eg value exhibited the highest efficiency of photocatalytic degradation of about 90% when irradiating with a UV light for 3 h.
Investigation on Nanostructure and Morphologies of ZnO Nanowires Prepared by Hydrothermal Method
Authors: Khamkhom Phattharaphong , Horprathum Mati , Eiamchai Pitak , Chananonnawathorn Chanunthorn , Kaewkhao Jakrapong
Published: June 2014

In this study, we controlled nanostructure and morphologies of the vertically aligned zinc oxide nanowires (ZnO NWs) on 200 nm-thick zinc oxide seed layer. The ZnO nanowires were synthesized by the hydrothermal method at 90°C for 6 hours in the precursor solutions. The solutions with four different precursor concentrations of zinc nitrate and hexamethylenetetramine (HTMA) in distilled water were prepared at 5 to 20 mM. The effect of the precursor concentrations were systematically investigated based on the structural and morphologies of ZnO NWs. Most physical investigations were performed with grazing-incidence X-ray diffraction (GIXRD) and field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM). From GIXRD, the peak intensity and full width at half maximum (FWHM) of the ZnO (002) were both increased as the precursor concentration was increased. It was also found that the diameter and length of the ZnO nanowires were increased with the increased precursor solution concentration. The average diameter and length of the ZnO NWs could be controlled from 60 to 135 nm and 0.39 to 1.73 μm, respectively.
Structure and Magnetic Properties of Co-Substituted Strontium Hexaferrite
Authors: Chaya Pannipa , Jutarosaga Tula , Onreabroy Wandee
Published: June 2014

The strontium hexaferrite (SrFe12O19) and Co-substituted strontium hexaferrite (SrCoFe11O19) were prepared by ceramic method. The milled mixture of Fe2O3, SrCO3 and CoO powders were calcined at 1100°C and pellets sintered at 1300°C in air. The crystal structure, morphology and magnetic properties of samples have been investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM) and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM), respectively. The crystal structure of SrFe12O19 was hexaferrite with the crystallite size and the lattice constants a and c of 59.6 nm, 5.8 Å, and 23.0 Å, respectively. Also, the crystal structure of SrCoFe11O19 was hexaferrite with the crystallite size and the lattice constants a and c of 63.7 nm, 5.9 Å and 23.0 Å, respectively. The morphology of obtained samples changed from hexagonal rods to discs shape and grain sizes increased with the increase of doped Co in SrFe12O19. SrFe12O19 with the coercive force (Hc) of 2,133 Oe was classified as hard ferrite magnetic. While, Co-substituted strontium hexaferrite (SrCoFe11O19) was soft ferrite magnetic with coercive force of 64 Oe. Results indicated that magnetic properties of samples such as hard ferrite magnetic and soft ferrite magnetic showed great dependence on the cobalt additive in strontium.
Low-Cost and Fast Production of Nano-Silica from Rice Husk Ash
Authors: Phoohinkong Weerachon , Kitthawee Udomsak
Published: June 2014

Silica with nanostructure are the high quality silica that are used in many industry areas. The applications of silica nanostructure frequently depend on physical properties such as morphology and size of structure. Rice husk ash is the waste from biomass power plants and is a high quality, raw material as a silica source. The conventional methods for synthesis of nanosilica from rice husk ash are energy consumption or time consumption. The objective of this work was to investigate the synthesized of nanosilica from rice husk ash via sodium silicate solution. nanosilica particles were obtained via alkaline extraction and a fast acid precipitation method at room temperature by adding inorganic salts and without surfactant or template. The flow synthesis was investigated at ambient temperature, varying the concentration of hydrochloric acid, sodium chloride, and flow-rate while fixing the concentration of sodium silicate. The samples were characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The results revealed that the sodium chloride is significantly inorganic salt for generated nanosilica, with uniform spherical morphology (80-150 nm), without curing or aging time. In the flow synthesis method, the silica nanoparticles, of diameter around 10 nm and aggregate particles of around 50 to 200 nm, were obtained. This method may be applicable to control different grade of silica and can easily scaling up of silica production for different industries.
The Synthesis of YBa3Cu4Ox Superconductor and Comparison with YBa2Cu3Ox
Authors: Chainok Piyamas , Sujinnapram Supphadate , Nilkamjon Tunyanop , Ratreng Sermsuk , Somsri Kiattipong , Phomphuang Nantawat , Mychareon Prachkitti , Udomsamuthirun Pongkaew
Published: June 2014

In this research, the Y123 (YBa2Cu3Ox) and Y134 (YBa3Cu4Ox) superconductors were synthesized by solid state reaction and melt process, respectively. The crystal structure of all the samples were then determined using the Rietveld full-profile analysis method to indicate orthorhombic structure. The resistivity measurements showing Tc onset of Y123 lower than Y134 for solid state reaction but higher than Y134 melt process. However, the critical temperature off-set of Y134 has lower than of Y123. The SEM and EDX show that all samples were inhomogeneous. The SEM micrograph for solid state reaction Y123 has many pores between the grain and the grain size clearly demonstrated and bigger than Y134. It was seen that these pores are party eliminated in melt process samples. FTIR spectra detected the trace of carbonate residue in all samples.
Decoration of Gold Nanoparticles on TiO2 Thin Films for Enhanced Response of Ethanol Gas Sensors
Authors: Samransuksamer Benjarong , Horprathum Mati , Eiamchai Pitak , Patthanasettakul Viyapol , Wisitsoraat Anurat , Chananonnawathorn Chanunthorn , Phokharatkul Ditsayut , Chindaudom Pongpan , Jutarosaga Tula , Rakreungdet Worawarong , Dumrongrattana Supattanapong
Published: June 2014

This work investigated the decoration of the gold (Au) nanoparticles (NPs) on the TiO2 thin films for the applications in ethanol gas sensors. The Au-decorated TiO2 thin films (Au-TiO2) were prepared by the DC magnetron sputtering on the silicon (100) wafers and alumina substrates, interdigitated with Au electrodes. The distribution and size of Au nanoparticles were controlled by varying the sputtering time. Morphologies and element composition of the Au-TiO2 films were examined by field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) respectively. The FE-SEM micrographs when the sputtering time was increased, the average size of the Au NPs was also increased. On the other hand, the distribution of the Au NPs was decreased. The change in size and distribution of the Au NPs consequently improved the response of ethanol gas sensors. The prepared Au-TiO2 was tested, in comparison with TiO2 reference films, as the ethanol sensors at 250-350oC in 50-1,000 ppm gas concentration. The results showed that the TiO2 thin film with Au-decorated at 6 sec sputtering time yielded the highest response of 514 at 350oC operating temperature and 1,000 ppm gas concentration.
Effects of Na2O on Borosilicate Glasses Prepared from Coal Fired Ash
Authors: Rachniyom W. , Ruangtaweep Yotsakit , Kaewkhao J. , Ruengsri S. , Phachana K.
Published: June 2014

In this work, subbitumious fly ash in Thailand was sintered at different temperatures and analyzed for their compositions and crystal structures. Glasses were prepared from B2O3 mixed with subbitumious fly ash and additive Na2O in various concentrations. The results have shown that SiO2, Al2O3 and Fe2O3 are the major compositions of the fly ash. The crystal structures of fly ash at sintering temperature below to 800 0C are mullite and quartz with the occurrence of hematite phase at 1,000 0C. The density, reflective index and hardness values were found to increase with the increasing of Na2O concentration. The absorption spectra corresponded to the color of the glass (yellow to brown). The higher the Na2O concentration is, the lighter the color of the glasses. The results from this work demonstrated the possibility of glass production from subbitumious fly ash and utilization of industrial waste in Thailand.
Light Yield Non-Proportionality and Energy Resolution of BGO and CsI(Tl) Scintillation Crystals
Authors: Chaiphaksa Wuttichai , Boonyopakorn Narongchai , Kaewkhao Jakrapong , Limkitjaroenporn Pruittipol
Published: June 2014

This work was investigated on gamma ray scintillation response of inorganic scintillators. BGO and CsI(Tl) was carried out in the energies ranging from 59 keV to 1332 keV. The scintillation responses of the crystals were measured using photomultiplier tube (R1306 PMT) readout. The light yield non-proportionality and energy resolution were analyzed with Gamma Acquisition & Analysis program. The photofraction for both crystals was determined and compared with the cross-section ratio which calculated by WinXCom program.
Antibacterial Effects of Oxide Compound: The Case Study of Agricultural Waste Material
Authors: Siriprom W. , Teanchai K.
Published: June 2014

The aim of this work investigated the antibacterial properties of oxide compound from agricultural waste material. The oxide compounds were prepared by annealed the agricultural waste material upon consequence of temperature. After that, the crystalline structure, morphology, chemical composition and estimation of oxide compound were conducted by X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Energy Dispersive X-Ray Fluorescence (EDXRF) and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). It was observed that the XRD patterns demonstrated the lime phase and cristobalite phase after heat treatment. Another that, the result from EDXRF and FTIR was in good agreement with the result of XRD. For anti-bacterial efficacy were utilized the lime phase and cristobalite phase for testing antibacterial activities which the agar diffusion technique. It was found that the inhibition zones were clearly visible for both agents, found to exhibit antibacterial action against Escherichia coli.
Influence of Bi2O3 on Borophosphate Glasses Properties
Authors: Chanthima Natthakridta , Kaewkhao Jakrapong
Published: June 2014

Borophosphate glasses have been synthesized with a Bi2O3 concentration of 15.0 to 25.0 mol%, added 2.5 mol% for each concentration, by the normal melt quenching technique at 1200 °C. The physical and optical properties of bismuth borophosphate glass systems have been studied. The glasses are characterized for their physical and optical properties. The density and molar volume of these glasses were found in the range 3.4391 to 3.9338 g/cm3 and 52.2515 to 55.7557 cm3/mol, respectively. It was observed that the density and molar volume of these glasses was increased with increasing the concentration of Bi2O3. The absorption spectra of these glasses were recorded in the UV-Visible range. It has been found that, the absorption spectra were shifted to longer wavelength with higher Bi2O3 concentration. In addition, the oxygen packing density of glass samples have been also investigated.
Specific Activity and Radioactive Contour Maps of Natural (40K, 226Ra and 232Th) and Anthropogenic (137Cs) Radionuclides in Surface Soil Samples from Phang Nga Province, Thailand
Authors: Kessaratikoon Prasong , Boonkrongcheep Ruthairat , Benjakul Supphawut , Udomsomporn Suchin
Published: June 2014

The specific activity of the natural (40K, 226Ra and 232Th) and anthropogenic (137Cs) radionuclides have been studied and evaluated for 97 surface soil samples collected from 7 districts of Phang Nga province in the south of Thailand. High-purity germanium (HPGe) detector and gamma ray spectrometry analysis system were employed to measure and analyze the experimental results. It was found that, the ranges of specific activities of 40K, 226Ra, 232Th and 137Cs in surface soil samples are 251.50 – 15740.34, 15.21 – 791.42, 18.14 – 854.34 and < 0.33 – 16.91 Bq/kg with average values are 2886.77 ± 225.93, 165.71 ± 8.45, 160.36 ± 7.93 and 5.76 ± 2.49 Bq/kg, respectively. The results were also compared with some research data in national and global radioactivity measurement and evaluations. Furthermore, the radiological hazards of Phang Nga province were calculated through the radium equivalent activity (Raeq), the external hazard index (Hex), the gamma absorbed dose rate (D) and the annual effective dose rate (AEDout) and also compared with research data in the south of Thailand and the safety limits recommended values by United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation (UNSCEAR). Moreover, the radioactive contour maps of the natural (40K, 226Ra and 232Th) and anthropogenic (137Cs) radionuclides have been also created for the investigated area.
Preparation and Properties of TiO2 Thin Films Deposited on Different Substrates by Sol-Gel Method
Authors: Rattana Tanattha , Witit-Anun Nirun , Suwanboon Sumetha , Chaiyakun Surasing
Published: June 2014

In this work, TiO2 thin films were prepared by a sol-gel spin coating method on glass slide, stainless steel 304 and silicon wafer substrates. The thin films were annealed at different temperatures at ambient atmosphere. The effect of substrates and annealing temperatures on microstructure, surface morphology and hydrophilicity of the films were characterized by Raman spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy and water contact angle measurement, respectively. The Raman spectra indicated that the annealed TiO2 thin films (at 550 °C) coated on stainless steel and silicon wafer exhibited anatase structure. The contact angle of all samples decreased with increasing the UV-irradiation time and annealing temperature.
Thermoelectric Power Generator Module of Ceramic Materials
Authors: Gavpisarn Apisak , Gavpisarn Tatiya
Published: June 2014

Research has an objective to develop and fabricate thermoelectric generator module (TEGM) from the p-Ca3Co4O9 and n-CaMnO3 ceramic materials.The p-n materials were cut and polished to the dimension of 2 × 2 × 2 mm3 and 42 couples.The relationship between temperature difference and electrical voltage, electrical current, electrical power and conversion efficiency were measured. The electricity and efficiency of TEGM showed the maximum value of 5 V, 4.5 mA, 22.5 mW and 0.03 % at temperature difference of 100 K.
Comparative Study of Physical and Optical Properties of Glasses from SiO2 and Napier Ash
Authors: Srisittipokakun Nattapon , Sangwaranatee Narong
Published: June 2014

The aim of this paper is comparative study of physical and optical properties of glasses from SiO2 and Napier ash (Pennisetum purpureum ash (PA)). PA was selected from biomass power plant. Selected ash was sintered at different temperature (500, 800 and 1000 °C). The glasses containing in formula 55SiO2 : 20Na2O : 1.0Al2O3 : 13B2O3 : 6.3CaO : 0.2Sb2O3 : 4.5BaO. It has been found that the density and refractive index of PA glasses increases with a increasing sintering temperature. However, SiO2 glass has density and refractive index more than PA glasses every different sintering temperature. The spectra of PA glass are shown cut-off wavelength around 330 nm at all glass samples.
Influence of Sputtering Power on Structural and Optical Properties of Ta2O5 Thin Films Prepared by DC Reactive Magnetron Sputtering
Authors: Sangwaranatee Narong , Horprathum Mati , Kaewkhao Jakrapong
Published: June 2014

In this article, amorphous tantalum oxide thin films were deposited by dc reactive magnetron sputtering onto silicon (001) wafer and glass slide substrates. Sputtering power has been varied for optimizing thin film quality. The structural and optical properties of the Ta2O5 thin films were investigated by using X-ray diffraction, UV-Vis spectrophotometer and spectroscopic ellipsometry respectively. The XRD pattern result indicates that the films are amorphous. It was found that the growth rate was also increased with increasing dc power up to 250 W, and the maximum growth rate observed at 250 W was 0.25 nm/s. In addition, the refractive index and packing density of the films increases with increasing dc sputtering power.
The Effects of Temperature, Injection Current and Optical Feedback on the Frequency Stabilization of External Cavity Diode Laser
Authors: Srisuai N. , Chattrapiban N. , Rakreungdet W.
Published: June 2014

A frequency-stabilized diode laser is widely used for applications in laser cooling and high-resolution spectroscopy. In this work, the 780-nm external cavity diode laser was constructed and subsequently frequency-controlled by three parameters, i.e., temperature, injection current and optical feedback. The laser frequency was measured with respect to the 5S1/2 → 5P3/2 (D2-lines) transition of Rubidium, while the laser mode was characterized by a Fabry-Perot interferometer. The laser temperature was passively controlled to a single value between 20 ̊C and 25 ̊C while the injection current was investigated in combination with course and fine adjustments of optical feedback. Only data relevant to a single-mode laser operation was collected. It was found that as the current increased, the laser frequency shifted linearly with slopes approximately 0.5-0.8 GHz/mA. Optical feedback from the external cavity was tuned by the voltage applied to the piezoelectric transducer, yielding a linear frequency response of approximately 0.2 GHz/V. The measured parameters were rearranged to represent the island of stability of the laser, suggesting suitable conditions that yielded single-mode operation, at a desirable laser frequency. The results were important for a design of an active feedback, in order to further reduce the frequency linewidth and intensity noise of the laser.
An Improved TA Suppression Method for Coded PR Channels
Authors: Kovintavewat Piya , Koonkarnkhai Santi
Published: June 2014

Thermal asperity (TA) resulting from the collision between the slider and the asperity on a magnetic medium during read process can deteriorate the performance of hard disk drives (HDDs). Without TA detection and correction algorithms, the system performance can be unacceptable, depending on how severe the TA is. This paper presents an improved TA suppression method for coded partial response (PR) channels, which consists of two channels running in parallel. Specifically, one channel is matched to the target H(D), while the other is matched to the target H(D)G(D), where G(D) = 1 – D2 is a bandpass filter and D is a delay operator. The soft-output Viterbi algorithm (SOVA) detector in the H(D) channel yields the high-quality soft information in absence of the TA, while that in the G(D)H(D) channel produces the high-quality soft information in presence of the TA. Then, the overall soft information chosen from these two detectors, depending on if a TA is detected or not, is sent to the decoder according to the turbo equalization principle. Experimental results show that the proposed method performs better than the conventional and the previously proposed ones, when operating at high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) region where a practical HDD works.
The Direct Ethanol Fuel Cell Performance
Authors: Srichai S. , Heng S.
Published: June 2014

The effect on performance of single direct ethanol cell due to ethanol solution concentrations (5%, 10% and 15% by volume, ambient temperature (and), continuously changing of ambient temperature ( and), load resistance ( and) and air circulation through the cell were investigated experimentally in this research.
The results showed that fuel cells have a high performance at high concentration of ethanol solution, high ambient temperature or operated in the wide range of continuously changing of ambient temperature. The performance was measured by the amount of the initial voltage, current and power obtained from fuel cell. But increasing air circulation through the fuel cell does not affect the performance of cell. The voltage and power drop obtained from the fuel cell increase with varying resistance load. But the current decreases with increases resistance load.
Giant Magnetoresistance in FeMn/NiCoFe/Cu/NiCoFe Spin Valve Prepared by Opposed Target Magnetron Sputtering
Authors: Ramli Ramli , Sustini Euis , Rauf Nurlaela , Djamal Mitra
Published: June 2014

The giant magnetoresistance (GMR) effect in FeMn/NiCoFe/Cu/NiCoFe spin valve prepared by dc opposed target magnetron sputtering is reported. The spin valve thin films are characterized by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Vibrating Sample Magnetometer (VSM) and magnetoresistance ratio measurements. All measurements are performed in room temperature. The inserted 45 mm thickness FeMn layer to the NiCoFe/Cu/NiCoFe system can increase the GMR ratio up to 32.5%. The coercive field to be increased is compared with different FeMn layer thickness. Furthermore, the coercive field (Hc) decreases with increasing FeMn layer thickness. Magnitude of coercive field is 0.1 T, 0.09 T and 0.08 T for FeMn layer thickness is 30 nm, 45 nm and 60 nm, respectively. The FeMn layer is used to lock the magnetization in the ferromagnetic layer through the exchange anisotropy. This paper will describe the development of a GMR spin valve and its magnetic properties.
Effect of Sludge from Water Treatment Plant on Properties of Pottery
Authors: Janbuala Sutas , Ratanathavorn Wittawat , Aermbua Mana , Satayavibul Arpapan , Kitthawee Udomsak
Published: June 2014

This research aims to study the effect of sludge from water treatment plants on the properties of pottery such as density, compressive strength, water absorption, and porosity.The composition of sludge from water treatment plants added to the clay varies, at percentages of 0%, 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, and 50%, controlled by weight. The results showed that the composition of 10% by weight of sludge from the water treatment plant yields the ultimate pottery properties, with 12.63 MPa of compressive strength, 1.85 g/cm3 of density, 14.24% of water absorption, and 26.34% of porosity.
Pulse Carburization of Steel – Model of the Process
Authors: Zajusz M. , Tkacz-Śmiech K. , Dychtoń K. , Danielewski Marek
Published: June 2014

Gas carburizing is a widely used heat treatment process in which carbon is transferred into steel. The hardening reliability involves an active control of mass transfer during the process and this is why understanding diffusion in solids is so essential to model the process. The currently used models are often based on the simplest, one-dimensional form of the diffusion equation in which diffusivity depends on composition. The objective of this work is to develop a model of carbon diffusion in multicomponent alloy subjected to pulse carburizing. The model is based on the Darken method (bi-velocity method) in which the diffusion velocity depends on the diffusion potential gradient and is independent of the choice of the reference frame while the drift velocity is common for the carbon and steel components. Our model allows predicting the kinetics of carbon transfer at various treatment conditions and is applied to the pulse carburizing process at constant temperature. The process is carried out by repeating consecutively a carburization stage, when the carburizing gas is supplied into a carburizing chamber, and a diffusion stage at vacuum conditions, when the carburizing gas is exhausted and only the diffusion of carbon takes place. The numerical calculations are made for varying carburization and diffusion periods and are confirmed by the experimental results. On the basis of the series of computer experiments some findings that are important in designing the carburizing technology are formulated.
Diffusion of Oxygen in Ti-15Mo-xZr Alloys Studied by Anelastic Spectroscopy
Authors: Vicente Fábio Bossoi , Grandini Carlos Roberto
Published: June 2014

Because of their low elasticity modulus, titanium alloys have excellent biocompatibility, and are largely used in orthopedic prostheses. Among the properties that are beneficial for use in orthopedic implants is the elasticity modulus, which is closely connected to the crystal structure of the material. Interstitial elements, such as oxygen, change the mechanical properties of the material. Anelastic spectroscopy measurements are a powerful tool for the study of the interaction of these elements with the metallic matrix and substitutional solutes, providing information on the diffusion and concentration of interstitial elements. In this study, the effect of oxygen on the anelastic properties of alloys in the Ti-15Mo-Zr system was analyzed using anelastic spectroscopy measurements. The diffusion coefficients, pre-exponential factors, and activation energies of these alloys were calculated for oxygen.
Effects of High Reynolds Number Impinging Jet on the Heat Conduction in Work-Pieces Irradiated by a Moving Heat Source
Authors: Manca Oronzio , Nardini Sergio , Ricci D. , Tamburrino S.
Published: June 2014

A three dimensional conductive field is analyzed and solved numerically by means of a commercial code. The investigated work-pieces are made up of a simple brick-type solid. A laser source with combined donut-Gaussian distributions is considered moving with a constant velocity along motion direction. The solid dimension along the motion direction is assumed to be infinite or semi-infinite, while finite width (2ly) and thickness (s) are considered. Thermal properties are considered temperature dependent and the materials are considered isotropic. Surface heat losses toward the ambient are taken into account. Several Reynolds numbers of the impinging jet, Biot and Peclet numbers are considered with negligible radiative heat losses. Results are presented in terms of temperatures field and profile to evaluate the effect of impinging jet.
Competitive Precipitation and Recrystallization in U-7.5Nb-2.5Zr Alloy
Authors: Lopes Denise A. , Restivo Thomaz Augusto Guisard , Padilha Angelo Fernando
Published: June 2014

Abstract. Metallic nuclear fuel plates are nowadays an alternative to the ceramic ones in the sense that the uranium density can be increased at lower enrichment. Higher thermal conductivity is also a key factor favouring such fuels for power reactors. Uranium reacts promptly with oxygen and nitrogen at high temperatures to catastrophic corrosion due to non-protective oxide layers, which imparts hot forming processes. The gamma phase body centred cubic structure can be retained at room temperature by annealing the U-7.5Nb-2.5Zr (wt.%) alloy followed by quenching, where the deformation can be extensive. The resulted highly deformed gamma supersaturated structure is subjected further to competitive recovery/recrystallization and phase precipitation phenomena whose are studied in the work. The U-7.5Nb-2.5Zr alloy was melted into plasma and induction furnaces and afterwards annealed to gamma phase. The normalized alloy was cold rolled and underwent isochronal and isothermal treatments. The microstructure evolution was monitored by optical microscopy, X-ray diffraction analysis and hardness measurements. The results show the precipitation events of α” and α+γ3phases are dominant over recovery in the range 200oC < T < 500oC. Above 500oC the recrystallization is the main process leading to softening and initial Vickers hardness recovery. One refined gamma phase grain structure was obtained (~8.0 μm) after annealing at 700oC for 2.5 hours.