bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
THE LIFE OF MARTIN ROBINSON DELANY'S AND EVOLUTION HIS IDEOLOGICAL AND POLITICAL VIEWS
Authors:   Tula Branch of the Plekhanov Russian University of Economics, Shumakov A.A.
Published: April 2021

This article examines the evolution of the ideological and political views of Martin Robinson Delany, who is credited with the first conceptual justification of the doctrine of "black nationalism" in the United States. The author analyzes the main milestones of the biography of this figure, his rich literary heritage, focusing on the consideration of the internal dialectics of Delany's political philosophy, the variability and inconsistency of his views at various stages of life. Special attention is paid to Delany's attitude to the ideology of pan-Africanism and black nationalism, as well as his controversy with Frederick Douglass. The uniqueness of the study lies in the fact that it is the first attempt in Russian academic science to present the biography and analysis of the ideological and theoretical heritage of an outstanding African-American public figure, an assessment of his contribution to the struggle for the rights of the black population in the United States. The source base is the work of Delany himself and his biographies, none of which has been translated into Russian. A number of sources are being introduced into scientific circulation for the first time. The historical-genetic and historical-typological methods are used as specific historical methods in this work.
SOVIET PROVINCIAL SEAL ON THE POLISH-SOVIET TRUCE OF 1920
Authors:   Academician I.G. Petrovskii Bryansk State University, Bryantsev M.V.
Published: April 2021

Based on the analysis of the reports of the provincial press on the negotiation process, the article considers the relations between Poland and Russia until the conclusion of a truce on October 12 and the preconditions for peace. A study of provincial newspapers, such as «Tverskaya Pravda», Vologda «Red North», Novosibirsk «Soviet Siberia» and Samara «Commune», shows that the Soviet press throughout this process formed completely opposite images of Russia and Poland. Soviet Russia was painted by a country seeking the peaceful construction of a new society, in the path of which the aggressive countries of capitalism stood. And the role of Poland in this confrontation was the most important. Poland sought to become a buffer between the West and Bolshevik Russia, to which it was actively pushed by France and other capitalist countries. Poland's behavior in the negotiation process was subject to fluctuations depending on the attitude of the allied countries to it and the situation on the fronts of the Polish-Soviet war. Only the successes of the Red Army and the fear of the final defeat of Poland made it and the allies more flexible in the negotiation process. In Soviet society, mistrust was affirmed not only of the peace proposals of the Polish side, but also of the agreements reached.
RESOLVING THE PROBLEMS OF REFUGEES FROM OCCUPIED TERRITORIES DURING THE FIRST WORLD WAR (ON THE EXAMPLE OF TVER GOVERNMENT)
Authors:   Tver State University, Andreev A.E.
Published: April 2021

The article analyzes the activities of the Tver provincial institutions in solving the problems of refugees from the occupied territories during the First World War. In connection with wartime conditions, the list of tasks for the provincial institutions has increased significantly. The problems with refugees were multifaceted: providing them with housing, food, work, medical assistance. It was necessary to take additional sanitary measures and expand the network of medical institutions, which was impossible without the assistance of officials of administrative institutions. The conditions for refugees in urban and rural areas were completely different, but inflation and popular discontent were present everywhere.
TYPOLOGY AND CHRONOLOGY OF AESTIAN AND PRUSSIAN FUNERAL URNS
Authors:   Russian Academy of Sciences, Kulakov V.I.
Published: April 2021

The coexistence of several types of urns in the funerary antiquities of the Aestians and Prussians testifies to the fact that in the imagination of community members (obviously, mainly women), there were prototypes of urns that were of ethno-cultural significance for (forced) ceramists. The aforementioned inhabitants of the Amber Coast at the beginning of our era were called Aestii by the Germans (ancient German - "living in the east"). The low quality of urn ceramics and their weak firing characterize the insignificant professional training of members of the tribal collective, who are forced to mold vessels only when necessary to prepare the urn for the funeral of a relative. The large sizes of the main part of the types of urns in our array are obviously the result of some cult norms. Ashes from the fire and cremated remains of the deceased, together with his inventory, occupy a small part of the urn's volume and were not necessarily at its bottom. Existing in the traditions of the population of the Amber Coast for half a millennium, the urn, as it turned out, can contain information of a chronological and ethno-cultural nature, and not just be recorded by archaeologists as a repository of the ashes of the buried.
SECONDARY SCHOOL MATHEMATICS TEACHERS’ PERCEPTIONS ABOUT INDUCTIVE REASONING AND THEIR INTERPRETATION IN TEACHING
Authors: Sosa-Moguel Landy Elena , Aparicio-Landa Eddie
Published: April 2021

Inductive reasoning is an essential tool for teaching mathematics to generate knowledge, solve problems, and make generalizations. However, little research has been done on inductive reasoning as it applies to teaching mathematical concepts in secondary school. Therefore, the study explores secondary school teachers’ perceptions of inductive reasoning and interprets this mathematical reasoning type in teaching the quadratic equation. The data were collected from a questionnaire administered to 22 teachers and an interview conducted to expand their answers. Through the thematic analysis method, it was found that more than half the teachers perceived inductive reasoning as a process for moving from the particular to the general and as a way to acquire mathematical knowledge through questioning. Because teachers have little clarity about inductive phases and processes, they expressed confusion about teaching the quadratic equation inductively. Results indicate that secondary school teachers need professional learning experiences geared towards using inductive reasoning processes and tasks to form concepts and generalizations in mathematics.
Insecticidal efficacy of Adenocalymma alliaceum extracts against cowpea weevils callosobruchus maculatus (F) stored Vigna unguiculata (L.)
Authors: GC Kavitha , D Poornima
Published: April 2021

Insecticidal activities of dried leaf powder and extracts (aqueous and methanol) of Adenocalymma alliaceum Miers, were assessed against Callosobruchus maculatus with a traditional grain storage insecticide Actellic 2% dust. For each sample, 100 g of cowpea seeds were mixed with respective plant preparation and about 25 adults of Callosobruchus maculatus were placed out in a randomized design with three replicates. All three test samples include powder, aqueous and methanolic extracts with irrespective concentration, providing a significant (P<0.05) increase in mortality of adult insects. High concentration aqueous extract exhibited a high reduction of bruchid survival and showed a maximum mortality rate of 90.67% followed by leaf powder (85.33%), and methanol extract (78.67%). The aqueous extract was found to be more effective than the methanol extract and plant powder, though it was not as effective as Actellic 2% dust. Further the LC10, LC50 and LC95 values for the aqueous extract against C. Maculatus unveiled through Probit analysis was 0.101g/100g,1.23g/100g and 30.4g/100g respectively followed by plant powder (LC10=0.199g/100g, LC50= 5.37g/100g and LC95=48.97g/100g) and methanol extract (LC10=0.986g/100g, LC50=2.34g/100g and LC95=56.23g/100g). From the results it was evident that the aqueous extracts of A. alliaceum exhibit highly toxic effects on C. maculatus than that of plant leaf powder and methanol extracts of the A. alliaceum. Consequently, from the study it was obvious that all the tested materials (plant leaf powder, aqueous and methanol extract) of A. alliaceum evaluated were found to have potential insecticidal properties and are capable of protecting stored cowpea against C. maculatus. Thus, this medicinal plant can be used as an environment- friendly product for inhibition of bruchid pests during the storage of cowpeas.
Development and Characterization of Metformin Nanoparticles for the Effective Treatment of Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Revathi A  , Kumar Odaya
Published: April 2021

Metformin hydrochloride is a BCS class III drug used in the management of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, as a single or in combination therapy. The aim of the present work was to develop starch nanoparticles for the delivery of Metformin hydrochloride that could reduce its dose related side effects and may prolong its release for the treatment of diabetes mellitus. Nanoparticles were prepared by the solvent evaporation technique method using starch as polymer, tween 80 as a stearic barrier and citric acid to increase the stability. The present work was aimed to develop metformin nanoparticles incorporated with starch for the effective treatment of diabetes mellitus. Framed nanoparticles were exposed to in-vitro characterization procedures for compatibility concentrates among drug and polymer, size, surface morphology, encapsulation efficacy and delivery attributes. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy results showed the compatibility nature of selected excipients for the synthesis of metformin nanoparticles. The X-Ray Diffraction Analysis (2θ values (12)) results showed developed metformin nanoparticles were non crystalline in nature. The selected developed metformin nanoparticles were in cubic phase with average particle size of 60.7± 22.54 to 118.9 ± 15.96 nm with charge ranging from 18.9 ± 0.81 to 160.7 ± 6.81mV. The encapsulation efficiency for metformin within metformin nanoparticles was about 67.84 ± 1.50 to 79.97 ± 0.9 %. The in vitro drug release studies of MN3 showed controlled drug release profile as compared to pure metformin. Further, the results of in vivo studies in terms of blood glucose profile showed significant effect for the developed metformin nanoparticles for the treatment of diabetes mellitus.
Keterkaitan Peran Antar Lembaga dalam Pembangunan Pertanian di Wilayah Perbatasan Indonesia
Authors: Arsyad Muhammad , Nuddin Andi , Fahmid Imam Mujahidin , Salman Darmawan , Tina Pulubuhu Dwia Aries , Unde Andi Alimuddin , Rasyid J Abd , Amiruddin Achmad
Published: April 2021

Salah satu persoalan fundamental yang dihadapi pembangunan pertanian di wilayah perbatasan Indonesia adalah peran masing-masing lembaga terkait dengan pembangunan pertanian belum terpetakan dengan jelas menyebabkan pembangunan menjadi ego-sektoral. Penelitian ini menganalisis keterkaitan peran antar lembaga dalam pembangunan pertanian di perbatasan dengan Metode Interpretative Structural Modeling (ISM) dan berlokasi di tiga provinsi perbatasan dengan negara lain, yaitu: (1) Kalimatan Utara-Malaysia, (2) Papua-Papua Nugini, dan (3) Nusa Tenggara Timur-Timor Leste. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa, pertama,  dari sisi keterkaitan peran antar lembaga pemeran yang beroperasi dalam pembangunan pertanian, ditemukan bahwa salah satu aspek penentu penguatan kelembagaan pertanian di perbatasan adalah fungsi koordinasi antar lembaga (interkoneksitas). Kedua, lembaga-lembaga pemeran prioritas terdistribusi ke dalam sektor independent dan linkage (koefisien rata-rata DP = 0,79) dan dependent (D=0,37) yaitu: (1) Kementerian Desa dan Pembangunan Daerah Tertinggal & Transmigrasi, (2) Kementerian Kelautan dan Perikanan, (3) Kementerian Pertanian/Ditjen Perkebunan, (4) Kementerian Perindustrian dan Perdagangan, (5) Kementerian Kelautan dan Perikanan. (6) Badan Pemberdayaan Masyarakat Desa (BPMD) provinsi/kabupaten, (7) Dinas Perindustrian & Perdagangan (Provinsi), (8) Dinas Kelautan dan Perikanan (provinsi/kabupaten), (9) Dinas Perhubungan (Provinsi/Kabupaten) (10) Dinas Pertanian/perkebunan (Provinsi/Kabupaten), (11) Lembaga Pemasaran/Koperasi Pertanian, (12) Lembaga Perbankan, (13) Dinas Koperasi/UKM (Kabupaten), (14) Kelompok Tani/Gabungan Kelompok Tani (Gapoktan), dan (15) Badan Penyuluhan Pertanian/Perkebunan (Kabupaten). Empat lembaga di antaranya merupakan lembaga pemeran kunci, yaitu: (1) Dinas Pertanian/Perkebunan (Provinsi/Kabupaten), (2) Badan Penyuluhan Pertanian/Perkebunan (Kabupaten), dan (3) Kelompok Tani/Gabungan Kelompok Tani (Gapoktan). Jika dipilah berdasarlkan tingkatannya, maka lembaga tingkat pusat yang memiliki peranan sangat penting dalam penguatan kelembagaan pertanian di perbatasan yaitu: (1) Kementerian Pertanian/Ditjen Perkebunan, (2) Pusat Penelitian Pertanian/Perkebunan (Balitbang Pertanian), dan (3) Kementerian Desa, Pembangunan Daerah Tertinggal dan Transmigrasi.
Violencia cara a cara (offline) y en línea (online) en el noviazgo de adolescentes mexicanos
Authors: González Ortega José Luis , Romero-Méndez Christian Alexis , Rojas-Solís José Luis , López Cortés Vicente Arturo
Published: April 2021

La violencia en el noviazgo que se ejerce a través de los medios tecnológicos y redes sociales (online) ha mostrado tener una alta frecuencia en la población de jóvenes y adolescentes. Se trata de un fenómeno relativamente nuevo cuya existencia ha sido catalogada como una extensión de la violencia ejercida cara a cara u offline. Pese a esto, son pocas las investigaciones encaminados en estudiar la relación entre ambos fenómenos. Por ello, el presente estudio tuvo como objetivo analizar la prevalencia y asociación entre la violencia offline y online en el noviazgo. Participaron 443 adolescentes (231 mujeres y 212 varones), quienes respondieron el Conflict in Adolescent Dating Relationship Inventory y el Cyber Dating Abuse Questionaire. Los resultados muestran la naturaleza bidireccional de las conductas violentas offline y online, lo que podría indicar su normalización. Entre otros datos, se resalta que la mayor perpetración de violencia emocional y física es ejercida por las mujeres, lo que iría en contravía de los perfiles convencionales de mujeres víctimas y hombres victimarios. No obstante, es preciso señalar que la violencia sexual fue mayormente ejercida por varones, lo cual es congruente con lo hallado en diversos estudios. Por último, se halló una asociación positiva entre la perpetración de la violencia offline y online en el noviazgo, lo que comprueba que las conductas violentas que se ejercen cara a cara se podrían trasladar a los medios tecnológicos y redes sociales.
Hermeneutics and Phenomenology in Human and Social Sciences Research
Authors: Pérez-Vargas John Jairo , Nieto-Bravo Johan Andrés , Santamaría-Rodríguez Juan Esteban
Published: April 2021

This article of reflection problematizes the relationships between phenomenology and hermeneutics as epistemic places of research work through a documentary approach built in two phases. First, the text reflects on the terminological use present in the paradigms, approaches, epistemological perspectives, and research methods, thereby identifying that there is no criteria univocity in its references and approaches about research methodology treaties. Likewise, it is evident that there are methodological proposals that include phenomenology and hermeneutics in a complementary, articulated, or isolated way without allowing precise places of understanding that allow to locate their application in research. Based on the aforementioned, the second phase proposes an individual approach to the background and comprehensions of phenomenology and hermeneutics, identifying particularities that characterize them, possible theoretical-practical differences and approaches that can be established in view of their relevance from the epistemic and methodological framework of research in human and social sciences.

This article is a translation from the Spanish version “La hermenéutica y la fenomenología en la investigación en ciencias humanas y sociales”, published in Civilizar, 19(37), 2019. doi: 10.22518/usergioa/jour/ccsh/2019.2/a09. The translation has been authorized and approved by the authors and the Editor.
Estado, administración y políticas públicas en América Latina
Authors: Cardozo Nelson Dionel
Published: April 2021

En este trabajo se realizó un estudio sobre el desarrollo del campo de Estado, administración y políticas públicas en América Latina a partir de los procesos de autonomización, institucionalización, profesionalización y especialización disciplinar. Se analizaron los actores (individuos), instituciones (centros de enseñanza e investigación), la producción del área y la constitución de redes académicas temáticas. Para ello, realizamos entrevistas y recogimos información de revistas, cursos de grado y posgrado en bases de datos oficiales y páginas de las asociaciones profesionales. Se construyó un panorama general de este proceso en la región para puntualizar el avance en Argentina, Brasil y México a partir de estas dimensiones, y hacer un balance general de la subárea en América Latina discutiendo la noción arraigada en la literatura sobre el atraso relativo del campo.
Interdisciplinariedad, autonomía e identidad de la ciencia política en Colombia
Authors: Obando Tobón Luis Miguel , Guzmán-Sossa Yesica Alejandra
Published: April 2021

Este artículo de reflexión expone el papel de la interdisciplinariedad en la ciencia política en Colombia. Se aborda el pregrado en Ciencia Política de la Universidad de Antioquia como un referente ilustrativo del tema. En primer lugar, se desarrolla la historia de la disciplina en Colombia, profundizando en las discusiones en torno a la hibridación y la interdisciplinariedad. Se concluye que la primera es problemática en términos de autonomía e identidad disciplinar, mientras que la segunda posibilita una apertura al diálogo con las demás ciencias sociales y delimita a su vez unas fronteras disciplinares que permiten tener claridad sobre su campo de especialización. Por otro lado, se identifican las fortalezas y retos de la consolidación de la disciplina en la Universidad de Antioquia. Se enfatiza en la necesidad de apertura y sostenimiento de espacios de discusión disciplinares, donde puedan definirse unos mínimos procedimentales para ese diálogo interdisciplinar.
Deconstruyendo el yo disciplinar
Authors: Ravecca Paulo , Rossello Diego
Published: April 2021

Este artículo reflexiona sobre el vínculo entre ciencia política y teoría política en América Latina. Por un lado, argumentamos que, en el modo en que trata a ‘la teoría’, la ciencia política dominante revela algunos de sus ‘rasgos de personalidad’ más problemáticos. Por otro lado, proponemos que la teoría política —siempre y cuando se le permita— puede contribuir a custodiar y cultivar el pluralismo de la disciplina y, por ende, a potenciar su imaginación democrática. En otras palabras, hay mucho en juego en el vínculo en cuestión. El texto se nutre de nuestras agendas de investigación en teoría crítica y sobre la relación entre poder y conocimiento en la ciencia política. Pero el trabajo tiene asimismo una dimensión experiencial y subjetiva que no solo no pretendemos disimular, sino que queremos subrayar. Nuestro objetivo es incitar al debate y contribuir a generar las condiciones para que la teoría política latinoamericana sea escuchada sin que tenga que alzar la voz.
Heart Transplant Patients in a wide population observed for Mycophenolic Acid Area Under The Curve executed with a limited sampling strategy technique
Authors: Re Francesco Lo , Sponga Sandro , Nalli Chiara , Zucchetto Antonella , Livi Ugolino , Baraldo Massimo
Published: April 2021

Aim The study aim is the validation of two algorithms of Limited
Sampling Strategy (LSS) for the quantification of Mycophenolic Acid
(MPA) Area under the plasma concentration-time curve from 0 to 12h
(AUC0-12h) in a cohort of non-selected Heart Transplant (HTx) recipients
treated, as standard clinical practice, with Mycophenolate Mofetil (MMF)
combined with Cyclosporine (CsA), or Tacrolimus (TAC). These two LSSs
were previously tested and validated by Baraldo et al. in a cohort of
selected HTx recipients 1,2. The value of MPA AUC0-12h (real and
estimated with LSSs) among non-rejected (NR) and rejected (R) patients
were evaluated. Methods Linear regression and Bland Altman Analysis
validated two LSSs methods (named LSS3 and LSS4 by number of blood
samples used). The value of MPA AUC0-12h between NR and R patients were
compared by Mann-Whitney test. Results The validation reports positive
results for LSS3 and LSS4 according to linear regression (r=0.91 and
0.94 and R2=0.84 and 0.88, respectively) and Bland Altman Analysis
(p=0.04 and 0.04). There was a difference of borderline statistically
significance (p=0.06) for the median value of MPA AUC0-12h (mg×h/L)
between NR and R patients (46.60; Interquartile Range (IQR): 34.80-64.10
vs 33.70; IQR: 23.60-48.25); whereas the difference was statistically
significant for both LSS3 and LSS4 (p=0.03 and 0.04). Conclusion The
capability of these two LSSs to estimate MPA AUC0-12h in cohort of
non-selected HTx recipients and the suggestion of a significant
difference on MPA AUC0-12h between NR and R patients, confirm the
importance of MPA quantification in the clinical field.
SARS-CoV-2 infection in cats and dogs in infected mink farms
Authors: Aart Anna van , Velkers Francisca , Fischer Egil , Broens Els , Egberink Herman , Zhao Shan , Engelsma Marc , Honing Renate Hakze-van der , Harders Frank , Rooij Myrna de , Radstake Carien , Meijer Paola , Munnink Bas Oude , Rond Jan de , Sikkema Reina , Spek Arco Van der , Spierenburg Marcel , Wolters Wendy , Molenaar Robert-Jan , Koopmans Marion , Poel Wim van der , Stegeman Arjan , Smit Lidwien
Published: April 2021

Animals like mink, cats and dogs are susceptible to SARS-CoV-2
infection. In the Netherlands, 69 out of 127 mink farms were infected
with SARS-CoV-2 between April and November 2020 and all mink on infected
farms were culled after SARS-CoV-2 infection to prevent further spread
of the virus. On some farms, (feral) cats and dogs were present. This
study provides insight into the prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 positive cats
and dogs in ten infected mink farms and their possible role in
transmission of the virus. Throat and rectal swabs of 101 cats (12
domestic and 89 feral cats) and 13 dogs of ten farms were tested for
SARS-CoV-2 using PCR. Serological assays were performed on serum samples
from 62 adult cats and all 13 dogs. Whole Genome Sequencing was
performed on one cat sample. Cat-to-mink transmission parameters were
estimated using data from all ten farms. This study shows evidence of
SARS-CoV-2 infection in twelve feral cats and two dogs. Eleven cats
(19%) and two dogs (15%) tested serologically positive. Three feral
cats (3%) and one dog (8%) tested PCR-positive. The sequence generated
from the cat throat swab clustered with mink sequences from the same
farm. The calculated rate of mink-to-cat transmission showed that cats
on average had a chance of 12% (95%CI 10% to 18%) of becoming
infected by mink, assuming no cat-to-cat transmission. As only feral
cats were infected it is most likely that infections in cats were
initiated by mink, not by humans. Whether both dogs were infected by
mink or humans remains inconclusive. This study presents one of the
first reports of interspecies transmission of SARS-CoV-2 that does not
involve humans, namely mink-to-cat transmission, which should also be
considered as a potential risk for spread of SARS-CoV-2.
Estimating pre-harvest density, adult sex ratio and fecundity of white-tailed deer using wildlife cameras
Authors: Brommer Jon , Poutanen Jenni , Pusenius Jyrki , Wikström Mikael
Published: April 2021

Adult sex ratio and fecundity are key population parameters in
sustainable wildlife management, but inferring these requires estimates
of the density of at least three age/sex classes of the population (male
and female adults and juveniles). We used an array of 36 wildlife camera
traps during 2–3 weeks in autumn prior to harvest during two
consecutive years, and recorded white-tailed deer adult males, adult
females and fawns from the pictures. Simultaneously, we collected fecal
DNA (fDNA) from 92 20mx20m plots placed in 23 clusters of four plots
between the camera traps. We identified individuals from fDNA samples
with microsatellite markers and estimated the total sex ratio and
population density using Spatial Capture Recapture (SCR). The fDNA-SCR
analysis concluded equal sex ratio in the first year and female bias in
the second year, and no difference in space use between sexes (fawns and
adults combined). Camera information was analyzed in a Spatial Capture
(SC) framework assuming an informative prior for animals’ space use,
either (1) as estimated by fDNA-SCR (same for all age/sex classes), (2)
as assumed from the literature (space use of adult males larger than
adult females and fawns), (3) by inferring adult male space use from
individually-identified males from the camera pictures. These various SC
approaches produced plausible inferences on fecundity, but also inferred
total density to be lower than the estimate provided by fDNA-SCR in one
of the study years. SC approaches where adult male and female were
allowed to differ in their space use suggested the population had a
female-biased adult sex ratio. In conclusion, SC approaches allowed
estimating the pre-harvest population parameters of interest and
provided conservative density estimates.
Relativistic Frozen Density Embedding calculations of solvent effects on the NMR shielding constants of transition metal nuclei.
Authors: Olejniczak Malgorzata , Antušek Andrej , Jaszunski Michal
Published: April 2021

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) shielding constants
of transition metals in solvated complexes
are computed at the
relativistic density functional theory (DFT) level. The solvent effects evaluated with subsystem-DFT
approaches are compared with the
reference
solvent shifts predicted from supermolecular calculations.
Two subsystem-DFT approaches are analyzed – in the
standard
frozen density embedding (FDE) scheme the transition metal complexes are embedded in an environment of solvent molecules whose density is kept frozen, in the second approach the
densities of the complex and of its environment are relaxed in the “freeze-and-thaw”
procedure.
The latter approach
improves the description of the solvent effects in most cases, nevertheless the FDE deficiencies are rather large in some cases.

Keywords — Frozen Density Embedding, NMR shielding constant, solvent shifts, transition-metal complexes
Bypassing the Multi-reference Character of Singlet Molecular Oxygen. Part 2: Ene-reaction
Authors: Mikkelsen Kurt , Jespersen Malte , Johnson Matthew , Jørgensen Solvejg , Petersen-Sonn Emma
Published: April 2021

Theoretical calculations involving singlet molecular oxygen (O2(1g)) are
challeng- ing due to their inherent multi-reference character. We have
tested the quality of re- stricted and unrestricted DFT geometries
obtained for the reaction between singlet oxy- gen and a series of
alkenes (propene, 2-methylpropene, trans-butene, 2-methylbutene and
2,3-dimethylbutene) which are able to follow the ene-reaction. The
electronic en- ergy of the obtained geometries are rened using 3 dierent
methods which account for the multi-reference character of singlet
oxygen. The results show that the mechanism for the ene-reaction is
qualitatively dierent when either one or two allylic-hydrogen groups are
available for the reaction. When one allylic-hydrogen group is available
the UDFT calculations predict a stepwise addition forming a biradical
intermediate, while, the RDFT calculations predict a concerted reaction
where both hydrogen abstrac- tion and oxygen addition occur
simultaneously. When two allylic-hydrogen groups are available for the
reaction then UDFT and RDFT predict the same reaction mechanism, namely
that the reaction occurs as a stepwise addition without a stable
intermediate between the two transition states. The calculated rate
constants are in reasonable agreement with experimental data, except for
trans-butene where the calculated rate constant is three orders of
magnitude lower than the experimental one. In conclusion we nd that the
simple bypassing scheme tested in this paper is a robust approach for
calculations of reaction involving singlet oxygen in the limit that the
transition state processes low multi-reference character. 2
Off-pump coronary artery grafting in patients with reduced ejection fraction
Authors: Huang Jiechun
Published: April 2021

The outcome of coronary artery bypass surgery depends on complete
revascularization. In our paper, we attempt to demonstrate that Off-pump
coronary artery bypass (OPCAB) is applicable to coronary heart disease
patients with low LVEF. Low LVEF does not affect cardiac
revascularization. Low LVEF is an independent risk factor for the
outcome of CABG patients, but it does not mean that the OPCAB procedure
leads to poor outcomes. In our hospital, we used on-pump CABG or
conventional bypass surgery for coronary heart disease patients with low
LVEF before 2010.With the accumulation of cases, OPCAB is now used in
more than 95% of coronary artery bypass grafts in our center. Our data
suggest that OPCAB is safe and reliable for patients with low LVEF.
CORRUPÇÃO E AS RODAS DO DESEMPENHO NO MERCOSUL
Authors: Lima Lauro Vinício de Almeida , Rufino Maria Audenora , Leite Filho Paulo Amilton Maia , Machado Márcia Reis
Published: April 2021

Com base na Teoria da Graxa sobre as Rodas, o estudo defende a possibilidade de a corrupção favorecer o desempenho econômico das empresas à medida que desate as amarras da burocracia e reduza os custos transacionais das empresas. Assim, a pesquisa teve como escopo investigar o reflexo da percepção da sociedade acerca da corrupção do setor público no desempenho econômico das empresas nos países do Mercosul. A amostra da pesquisa foi composta por 8 países integrantes do Mercosul, entre os anos de 2010 a 2017, com um total de 667 empresas e 4.812 observações. Os dados foram estimados usando modelo de regressão em painel de efeitos fixos. A variável dependente foi à percepção de corrupção no setor público (IPC) e as variáveis independentes foram as medidas de desempenho ROE, ROA e EBIT. Os resultados encontrados conduzem ao entendimento que uma maior percepção da corrupção nos países do Mercosul aumenta o desempenho econômico das empresas naqueles países. As evidências empíricas encontradas acrescentam novas centelhas para o constructo argumentativo no qual se pauta a Teoria da Graxa sobre Rodas, com isto, fomenta-se fortes embates éticos, impondo uma ampla discussão sobre as políticas públicas de combate à corrupção no mundo e o prejuízo da corrupção para a sociedade, de forma sistêmica, sendo possível que estas consequências atinjam outros países ou blocos econômicos além do Mercosul.
Hyper-graph based Adaptive Sparse Multi-view Canonical Correlation Analysis with Application to Neuroimaging Genetics Study of Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors:   College of Information Engineering, Shanghai Maritime University, Shanghai, China, Wang Lei , Kong Wei ,   College of Information Engineering, Shanghai Maritime University, Shanghai, China, Wang Shuaiqun ,   College of Information Engineering, Shanghai Maritime University, Shanghai, China
Published: April 2021

Neuroimaging genetics has gained more and more attention on account of detecting the linkage between the brain imaging phenotypes (i.e., regional volumetric measures) and the genetic variants (i.e., Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) in Alzheimer’s disease (AD)). To overcome the problem of sparse multi-view canonical correlation (SMCCA) ‘unfair combination of pairwise convariance’, introducing adaptive weights when combining pairwise covariances, a novel formulation of SMCCA, named adaptive SMCCA. In this paper, we integrate multi-modal genomic data from postmortem AD brain and proposed a hyper-graph based sparse multi-view canonical correlation analysis (HGSMCCA) method to extract the most correlated multi-modal biomarkers. Specifically, we utilized the adaptive sparse multi-view canonical correlation analysis (AdsSMCCA) framework, consider the benefit of hyper-graph-based regularization term into consideration that will contribute to the selection of more discriminative biomarkers. We propose a hyper-graph optimization strategy based on the adaptive SMCCA model, and we apply it to neuroimaging genetics data. All these results demonstrate the capability of HGSMCCA in identifying diagnostically genotype-phenotype patterns.
Can Social Desirability Be Detected Statistically at the Macro-Sociological Level?
Authors:   Department of Applied Human Sciences, College of Health and Human Sciences, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506-1403, USA, Schumm Walter R. , Crawford Duane W. ,   Department of Applied Human Sciences, College of Health and Human Sciences, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506-1403, USA
Published: April 2021

While a few have argued that social science has been subject to progressive biases, others have discounted such ideas. However, no one has yet performed empirical tests over a large range of studies for such possible bias, which we label macro-level social desirability (MLSD). Combining the results from fifty-nine empirical studies that assessed rates of nonheterosexuality among children of same-sex parents, we found that the higher the maximum rates reported, the less likely those reports were to have been cited in Google Scholar by counts or by annual rate, which may reflect MLSD. However, after several statistical controls, the association for counts became non-significant, while the association for rates became stronger, although the effect sizes were in a moderate (d = .28 or higher) to large range (d, up to .68) by either analysis. Generally, research quality acted as a suppressor variable for MLSD but was significantly related to both counts and rates of citations, indicating that higher quality articles were more likely to have been cited, even controlling for the number of years since first publication. Higher quality articles were slightly more likely to report higher rates of nonheterosexuality among children of same-sex parents. We discuss implications of our findings and suggest future directions of research.
Optimization of the active component grinding process and hydrophobization of the obtained powder fire extinguisher
Authors: Mihajlovic Slavica , Djordjevic Natasa , Jovanovic Marina , Vlahovic Milica , Savic Ljubinko , Pataric Aleksandra , Blagojev Marina
Published: April 2021

This work presents a grinding process of monoammonium phosphate (MAP) as an active component in a powder fire extinguisher (PFE). The aim was to determine the grinding time for reaching the optimal particle size of MAP necessary for permanent fire extinguishing. MAP grinding was performed by using a laboratory ceramic ball mill and a vibrating cup mill. The grinding process was controlled by sieving using a 100 ?m sieve at precisely defined time intervals. The efficiency of a PFE depends on the share of the -100 ?m fraction of the active component, which has to exceed 60 %. The optimal grain size with 64 % of fraction of particle size -100 ?m was obtained after 33 min of grinding of ?3000 ?m mm grain size MAP by using a ball mill (single-stage grinding). In two-stage process, by grinding the same initial MAP sample (?3000 ?m) in the vibro mill for 10 min, powder with the upper limit grain size of 300 ?m and the mean grain diameter of 120 ?m was obtained. This sample with a reduced size was further ground in the ceramic ball mill yielding 67.5 % of the fraction of particle size -100 ?m after 19 min. The total time of the two-stage grinding process was 29 min. By analyzing the grinding time of MAP required to get the lowest required share of the fraction of particle size -100 ?m that provides the effectiveness of formed PFE it can be concluded that 64 % of this fraction was obtained after 33 min of single-stage grinding, while only after 26 min in the two-stage process. Thus, the grinding time was reduced by 7 min indicating certain energy savings. Stability and hydrophobicity of the obtained PFE were achieved by coating with magnesium stearate (MgSt) at the content of 2 % in a ball mill for 15 min. The coating was confirmed by the standardized procedure for verification of PFE hydrophobic properties in contact with water drops. To obtained PFE had component mass ratios of MAP:AS:CC:QS:MgSt=55:20:18:5:2 (AS-ammonium sulfate; CC-calcium carbonate, QS-quartz sand) and was further characterized by chemical and granulometric analyses. The fire extinguishing efficiency of the PFE was tested in controlled conditions, whereby fires were initiated by burning solid materials and flammable liquids. In both cases, immediate elimination of flames was achieved, thus proving the efficiency of the PFE obtained in this work for practical applications.
A prudent approach for the removal of copper (II) and cadmium (II) ions from aqueous solutions using indigenous Mactra aequisulcata shells
Authors: Rehan Ullah , Zahir Erum , Asghar Muhammad
Published: April 2021

In this study, the raw seashells of Mactra aequisulcata, of the class Bivalvia and the phylum Mollusca were employed as an adsorbent to remove copper (II) and cadmium (II) metal ions from aqueous solution. The characterization of shells was performed using FTIR, EDX and SEM, BET isotherm and point of zero charge (pHpzc). Batch experiments were performed to assess various factors on the biosorption efficiency. Maximum adsorption of both metals ions conveniently found at 0.4 g L-1 adsorbent dose, pH 5 and at 303 K. Maximum biosorption capacities for Cu2+ and Cd2+ were 59.57 and 38.12 mg g-1, respectively. The Langmuir isotherm model was found to be the best fit for the acquired equilibrium data. Thermodynamic and kinetic parameters showed that the process was feasible, exothermic and followed pseudo-first order.
Does Alt-RAMEC protocol and facemask treatment affect dentoalveolar structures?
Authors: Özbilen Elvan Önem , Yılmaz Hanife Nuray , Acar Yasemin Bahar
Published: April 2021

Objectives

To evaluate dentoalveolar changes immediately after the alternate rapid maxillary expansion and constriction (Alt-RAMEC) protocol and facemask (FM) treatment using cone-beam computed tomography images.

Materials and Methods

Cone-beam computed tomography images of 20 patients (mean age = 9.64 ± 1.3 years) who received the Alt-RAMEC protocol before FM treatment were retrieved in this retrospective study. Dental and alveolar inclinations, buccal and palatal alveolar bone thickness, and buccal and palatal alveolar bone height changes were measured before treatment (T0), after the Alt-RAMEC protocol (T1), and after FM treatment (T2). Measurements for right and left molars were performed separately. The Shapiro-Wilks test was used to assess the conformity of the parameters to the normal distribution. The paired t-test and repeated measures analysis of variance were used for normally distributed data. The Wilcoxon signed-rank test and Friedman test were used for non-normally distributed data. The Bonferroni correction was used to reduce the chances of obtaining false-positive results. Statistical significance was set at P < .05.

Results

Buccal alveolar bone thickness and alveolar bone inclinations decreased significantly from T1 to T0 and showed no significant change from T2 to T1. The total reduction T2-T0 was statistically significant. The change in palatal alveolar bone thickness was not significant T1-T0 but increased significantly for T2-T1 and T2-T0. Buccal alveolar bone height, palatal alveolar bone height, and molar inclinations increased significantly T1-T0, but there was no significant change T2-T1. The total reduction at T2-T0 was statistically significant.

Conclusions

The results of this study revealed that the effects of the Alt-RAMEC protocol on dentoalveolar tissues were similar to the changes reported in the literature after rapid palatal expansion.
Study of the effects of stress wave behavior in laser-induced exit-surface damage of fused silica using time-resolved multi-polariscopic imaging
Authors: Liang Lingxi , Zhu Chengyu , Yuan Hang , Zhou Luoxian , Li Yuxin , Wang Wenjie
Published: April 2021

During laser-induced exit-surface damage of fused silica components, strain and stress are generated and accompanied by cracks in the substrate, further deteriorating the component. The authors studied the behaviors of surface and shear waves quantitatively using a time-resolved multipolariscopic imaging system, showing their potential to affect the development of circumferential and longitudinal cracks. When the material received a cumulative shot, a greater stress intensity was observed, and the stress wave had a greater impact on the laser-induced damage. The results indicate that the two stress waves from the cumulated shots dominated the developmental characteristics of the damage morphology.
Pulsed laser welding and microstructure characterization of dissimilar brass alloy and stainless steel 308 joints
Authors: Yu Di , Liao Qing , Zhang Biao , Ghaderi Mohammad
Published: April 2021

The laser welding of stainless steel and brass is difficult due to their different physical properties, including thermal conductivity and melting point. In this study, the laser welding of stainless steel 308 and brass was experimentally investigated. To systematically investigate the effects of different thermophysical properties, including the heat transfer rate, thermal conductivity, and laser beam interaction in relation to the beam absorption coefficient, the temperature of the melt pool zone was measured while changing welding conditions. Different temperature gradients were obtained by changing different parameters including the laser peak power, nozzle distance, and laser beam deviation. The results showed that an asymmetric melt pool formed, to which the melting of brass made a higher contribution. Due to the lower melting temperature and the higher thermal conductivity of brass, the measured temperature and the melt size of brass were higher. The microstructure of the melt pool consisted of intermetallic compounds. Variation of melt pool size (width and depth) and temperature could be affected by laser peak power and reductions in the nozzle distance than the other parameters. For instance, 1 mm increase in the nozzle distance reduced the melt pool zone temperature by approximately 20 °C for stainless steel. Furthermore, an increase in the laser peak power raised the maximum measured temperature to about 225 and 160 °C for brass and stainless steel sides, respectively. At the same time, the amount of temperature reduction at a period of 20 s for stainless steel is almost half that of brass.
Interactive Visualization of Molecular Dynamics Simulation Data
Authors:   , Alharbi Naif
Published: April 2021

Molecular Dynamics Simulations (MD) plays an essential role in the field of computational biology. The simulations produce extensive high-dimensional, spatio-temporal data describ-ing the motion of atoms and molecules. A central challenge in the field is the extraction and visualization of useful behavioral patterns from these simulations. Throughout this thesis, I collaborated with a computational biologist who works on Molecular Dynamics (MD) Simu-lation data. For the sake of exploration, I was provided with a large and complex membrane simulation. I contributed solutions to his data challenges by developing a set of novel visual-ization tools to help him get a better understanding of his simulation data. I employed both scientific and information visualization, and applied concepts of abstraction and dimensions projection in the proposed solutions. The first solution enables the user to interactively fil-ter and highlight dynamic and complex trajectory constituted by motions of molecules. The molecular dynamic trajectories are identified based on path length, edge length, curvature, and normalized curvature, and their combinations. The tool exploits new interactive visual-ization techniques and provides a combination of 2D-3D path rendering in a dual dimension representation to highlight differences arising from the 2D projection on a plane. The sec-ond solution introduces a novel abstract interaction space for Protein-Lipid interaction. The proposed solution addresses the challenge of visualizing complex, time-dependent interactions between protein and lipid molecules. It also proposes a fast GPU-based implementation that maps lipid-constituents involved in the interaction onto the abstract protein interaction space. I also introduced two abstract level-of-detail (LoD) representations with six levels of detail for lipid molecules and protein interaction. Finally, I proposed a novel framework consisting of four linked views: A time-dependent 3D view, a novel hybrid view, a clustering timeline, and a details-on-demand window. The framework exploits abstraction and projection to enable the user to study the molecular interaction and the behavior of the protein-protein interaction and clusters. I introduced a selection of visual designs to convey the behavior of protein-lipid interaction and protein-protein interaction through a unified coordinate system. Abstraction is used to present proteins in hybrid 2D space, and a projected tiled space is used to present both Protein-Lipid Interaction (PLI) and Protein-Protein Interaction (PPI) at the particle level in a heat-map style visual design. Glyphs are used to represent PPI at the molecular level. I coupled visually separable visual designs in a unified coordinate space. The result lets the user study both PLI and PPI separately, or together in a unified visual analysis framework.
THE INTRODUCED NORTH AMERICAN SPECIES OF THE GENUS Juglans L. IN THE RIGHT-BANK FOREST-STEPPE OF UKRAINE AND THEIR USE
Authors: ISHCHUK Halyna , SHLAPAK Volodymyr , ISHCHUK Liubov , BAYURA Olexander , KURKA Svitlana
Published: April 2021

The article presents generalized scientific researches and experimental data on the bioecological peculiarities of the North American species of the Juglans L. genus. The peculiarities of the seasonal rhythm of development are revealed. Juglans cinerea L., J. rupestris Engelm. and J. major (Torr.) A. Heller were the first to wake up and J. nigra L., J. californica S. Wats., and J. hindsii (Jeps.) Jeps. ex R.E. Sm. wake up a little later. The biorhythm of woody plants is closely related to the increase in the sum of active (+10°C) and effective (+5°C) temperatures. Juglans cinerea and J. rupestris require the smallest sum of effective temperatures for buds swelling, that is 28.9 and 34.1°C, respectively; J. hindsii require the largest sum of effective temperatures -57.1°C and J. nigra require 50.6°C. Investigation of growth dynamics shows that intensive growth of all species of the Juglans genus was observed in May-June. The vegetation period in all Juglans species lasts 183-206 days. The development cycle of North American walnuts under research conditions is shifted towards the summer-autumn period. When determining frost resistance, it was found that the species are characterized by an average degree of subfreezing. All species genus are promising for use in ornamental horticulture of the Right-Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine, as evidenced by the full acclimatization of J. nigra and J. cinerea, good acclimatization of J. rupestris and J. major and satisfactory acclimatization of J. сalifornica and J. hindsii. It is established that J. nigra are promising for the development of highly productive forest plantations.