bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Panorama
Authors: Emery Jacob
Published: September 2023

This chapter discusses the Russian avant-garde, whose manifestoes describe a universal language and is capable of exerting a compulsive force upon its audience as a necessary corollary of a planetary communism. The chapter explores the Babel-like heights of poetic idiom, noting how the whole world might be grasped as a single poetic intuition that is at the same time a radical political and economic integration. It also reviews futurist experiments with universal language that represent a historical corrective to notions of world literature generated within the horizon of global capitalism. The chapter presents an off-modern version of world literature using Svetlana Boym's phrase for the myriad potential paths and are suggested by modernist authors but never realized in practice. It analyzes literary theory that developed from or in opposition to Structuralism, which refract the grandiose ambitions of the Futurists.
Into Thin Air
Authors: Wilber Tom
Published: September 2023

This chapter discusses how Keith Ponder and crew had been flying for four and a half hours and were more than three hours past due when they picked up the signal from Wilkes-Barre. The chapter emphasizes that Ponder was expecting to arrive at a landing strip at Westover. Instead, he was nearing a radio range in central eastern Pennsylvania. The chapter examines how the subsequent minutes would be weighted with a new set of tensions. As Ponder stood by, it took only a moment for controllers working from La Guardia in New York City to check the slip board—a wall organizer holding cards representing the progress of each flight—and see nothing to reconcile a report that Army 047 was northeast of Wilkes-Barre at thirteen thousand feet and seeking a place to land. As the plane again climbed above the weather, the crews would pass time seeking any modicum of comfort to be found in worn and temperamental heated suits that allowed parts of their body to become too warm or too cold or both at the same time, and hoping for the best with the chow situation in Syracuse.
Introduction
Authors: Silvia Stephen J.
Published: September 2023

This introductory chapter provides an overview of the United Auto Workers' (UAW) attempts to organize foreign-owned vehicle-assembly plants in the southeastern United States. Organizing unfolded in three phases. The first, which began in the mid-1980s and lasted about five years, had mixed results. A second campaign at Nissan failed, and the union was unable to gather enough support at a new Mercedes-Benz plant in Alabama to pursue recognition. In the third phase, which ran from 2011 to 2019, the UAW invested many tens of millions of dollars and adopted numerous innovations but failed to organize any additional workplaces. The chapter explains that the book shows how employees who supported and opposed unionization, union officials, transnational managers, leaders of the local business community, and state and local politicians developed new tactics and strategies in successive campaigns, in some instances invoking the American Civil War and in others the 1960s US civil rights movement, to sway specific groups of workers. It also chronicles the emergence of an increasingly comprehensive and standardized union-avoidance playbook and its diffusion among management at transnational vehicle manufacturers.
Conclusion
Authors: Silvia Stephen J.
Published: September 2023

This concluding chapter summarizes and draws general conclusions about the processes traced in the case chapters. It assesses the performance of the United Auto Workers (UAW) and discusses the significance of the emergence of the union-avoidance playbook. Without question, UAW officials and supporters made errors in the unionization efforts at foreign-owned vehicle assembly plants. Outcomes, however, are not simply a product of tallying the errors of each side. The industrial relations regime, the capacities of the institutional actors, and the talent of the individuals involved all have an impact on the outcome of any organizing effort. The chapter then weighs the efficacy of the New Deal labor relations regime as it has evolved in recent decades for securing employee voice and representation, and compares the UAW experience to recent organizing efforts in other sectors.
Securing Affective Landscapes of Leisure and Consumption
Authors: Larkins Erika Robb
Published: September 2023

This chapter draws on interviews and participant observation with middle managers at several different private security companies to analyze how the sensation of security is created in two settings—the high-end shopping mall and the leisure-based sporting venue. It shows how embodied performances of security fit within a broader landscape of security mechanisms and infrastructures, which coalesce around the production and protection of elite spaces and work to impart the sensation of security to their clients. Understanding the functioning of security efforts in hospitality spaces, the chapter also highlights that the work of producing and maintaining the sensation of security is not merely the work of private guards. It then draws on a whole security apparatus called “socio-technological security assemblage” (2021), or an effective combination of infrastructure, labor, and technology. The chapter shows how myriad actors and techniques come together to produce forms of exclusion and containment that contribute to the sensation of security in hospitality settings.
Epilogue
Authors: Larkins Erika Robb
Published: September 2023

This chapter explores current events in the security field in the time since fieldwork. It mentions the recent high-profile incidents involving violence on the part of private security guards that has put guards, and the industry more generally, under the microscope, calling attention to ongoing issues at the nexus of security, race, and inequality. Despite this, as the chapter argues, guards themselves continue to find meaning and belonging in “the security family,” the patriarchal, racialized hierarchical networks that compose the security world detailed in the book. The chapter considers an additional factor, an additional affective register at play, one that shapes the desires of security personnel to enter the profession and to do their work. While much of this book has explored how private security workers across the hierarchy cultivate the sensation of security through resonant performances, the chapter examines how the security sector offers its workers a chance to experience this desirable sensation.
What is Scientific Prediction?
Authors: Rindzevičiūtė Eglė
Published: September 2023

This chapter outlines three distinct types of prediction: the premodern notion of prediction as conjecture, the modern notion of prediction articulated in positivism and logical empiricism, and the late modern notion of prediction anchored in cybernetic sensibility. By proposing these three types of prediction, the chapter is not suggesting that this categorization is either precise or complete but rather that it is useful to indicate the historical and conceptual differences that characterize the concept of scientific prediction. These loose types will also help understand the evolution of the Soviet will to predict scientifically as it embraced all of these forms of scientific prediction. The chapter shows that prediction has a much broader conceptual mandate as a central component within established “scientific knowledge” in the Western tradition, as well as part of sense-making in both Western and non-Western contexts. Contrary to common sense, scientific prediction is not always about guessing the future. Contrary to the histories of the Cold War scientific expertise, scientific prediction is not always about control.
Cybernetic Prediction and Late Modern Governance
Authors: Rindzevičiūtė Eglė
Published: September 2023

This chapter discusses the distinctiveness of the cybernetic notion of prediction. Proposed by Norbert Wiener in the 1940s, the model of cybernetic prediction played a key role in informing policy and management thinking and underpinned advances in robotics, neuroscience, genetics, and climate science. Moreover, Wiener's work on servomechanisms is seen as an important predecessor to Cold War cybernetic totalitarianism, leading to the emergence of what can be termed as “closed worlds,” ruled by surveillance and military technology. The chapter then argues that Wiener understood prediction as a relational concept: not as a disembodied, boundless control loop, but as an organizational principle that relies on information and materiality and is bounded by complexity. The aim of cybernetic prediction was quite narrow, but it was inseparable from a wider effort to orchestrate knowledge production and feed it into action.
Prediction and the Opaque
Authors: Rindzevičiūtė Eglė
Published: September 2023

This chapter evaluates how scientific prediction was used to maintain and legitimize opacity generated by informal social practices in the authoritarian society. It looks at a remarkable phenomenon of post-Stalinist Russian science, the Moscow Methodological Circle. The Circle's leader, Georgii Shchedrovitskii, devised a formalist, cognitive method of reflexive goal-setting and used it to create informal collectives of scientific, cultural, and managerial elites. Prospective reflexivity is neither an inference from empirical data nor an explanation, it is about collective sense making and action. In contrast to the input–output method of statistical forecasting, prospective reflexivity envisions a future course of action where the behavior and perceptions of the actors are part of the plan. In the Soviet context, its political effects were highly ambivalent: prospective reflexivity empowered bottom-up decision-makers, enabling them to bypass bureaucratic compartmentalization. However, it also legitimized informality, creating opaque spaces for decision-making outside of institutional accountability, all of which mattered during the professionalization of management in Russia after 1990.
Introduction
Authors: Slotta James
Published: September 2023

This chapter emphasizes that words have the power to influence the way people think about themselves and the world around them, to shape their actions, and stir their bodies. It particularly focuses on what goes on the other side of the word, in the act of listening, and the agency of listeners and the power of listening. The chapter begins by underlining that the questions that surround the act of listening have only grown with the arrival of a host of new interlocutors over the last century: missionaries and the Christian God, the Australian colonial administration and now the government of Papua New Guinea, teachers, pastors, a US-based conservation non-governmental organization (NGO) that works to preserve tree-kangaroos in the valley, and, of course, anthropologists, among others. The chapter describes the ethnography of listening as a form of communicative action—as a way that people in the Yopno Valley are working to shape their collective futures. In these efforts, the chapter argues that listening plays not only an important part but an essential one. The chapter looks at the different practices of listening that people use to try to control their destiny, and considers the complexities and challenges that they face as they try to “listen well.” The chapter hopes that the book will provide an appreciation for the significance of listening in the lives of people in the valley and, more generally, as an activity of political importance in its own right.
Deception and the Dangers of Listening
Authors: Slotta James
Published: September 2023

This chapter centers on one of the major concerns people have about listening: their worries that community leaders, non-governmental organization (NGO) workers, and government officials are deceiving them. Though listening holds out the possibility of empowerment, the chapter argues that it is an activity laden with risk. Deception and dissimulation are indeed commonplace in the Yopno Valley, regarded as a necessary means of keeping the peace in Yopno villages. And listeners are alert to the ever-present possibility that they are being tricked into acting against their own will. But, as the chapter reveals, the danger that deception poses to listeners often leads people to listen even more. The chapter narrates that listeners seek out people who can help them listen better by evaluating others' words for them, sorting out good advice from bad, truth from deception. In effect, listening becomes a collective endeavor as people turn to family, friends, and new sources of insight—missionaries, teachers, anthropologists—who might prove helpful and trustworthy aids to listening.
Listening at the Ends of the Earth
Authors: Slotta James
Published: September 2023

This chapter focuses on the two institutions that have had a profound impact on life in the Yopno Valley over the past century: churches and schools. Their appeal has much to do with their role as venues for the kind of anarchic listening. The chapter highlights that people in the valley see these institutions as a source of powerful knowledge, knowledge that has enabled others in Papua New Guinea and especially the global north to achieve power and wealth far beyond their own. Viewed in this way, the chapter explains that as local outposts within a worldwide circulation of power-giving knowledge, these institutions—and the listening that occurs in them—are rendered means of empowerment and of achieving greater equality with the rest of the world. At the same time, however, schools and churches are thoroughly hierarchical institutions, responsible for generating new forms of inequality in the valley. The chapter unfolds how the global contexts in which people in the valley situate their listening practices legitimize present-day subordination and inequality among people who value the very opposite. It also reveals how anarchic listening is enmeshing people in national and global institutions that are anything but anarchic.
Listening to Listening, Ethnographically
Authors: Slotta James
Published: September 2023

This chapter highlights that speech is intricately intertwined in the social and cultural worlds of language users; the forms that speech takes and the functions that it performs take shape within the particular contexts of people's lives. The chapter argues that the book has tried to make the case that the same is true for listening. Listening in the anarchic politics of Yopno villages, listening in the liberal democratic public sphere, and listening ethnographically in the field are hardly the same activities. It underlines that they are situated in very different contexts: in different political and economic settings, set against different institutional and historical backdrops, informed by different aspirations and imaginaries. Such conditions shape how people listen, why they listen, who they listen to, under what circumstances they listen, what they listen for, and so on. To get a handle on practices of listening in all their diversity, the chapter emphasizes that it is necessary to attend to these conditions: the lived experiences, the institutional contexts, and the ideals and ambitions that give these practices their import.
The Nuclear Regulation Authority (NRA)
Authors: Koppenborg Florentine
Published: September 2023

This chapter evaluates how the Nuclear Regulation Authority (NRA) put down roots as an independent regulatory agency. It highlights that many observers expected largely cosmetic reform outcomes similar to those after previous accidents. This time, however, the legal framework granted considerable authority to the agency, both over nuclear safety and its own operations. Using this managerial autonomy, the chapter discusses how the NRA board took the lead in institutionalizing independence, neutrality, and transparency early on. It chronicles how it put an end to previous practices, such as staff rotation between promoters and regulators and selective information release to influence public opinion. New procedures included building up in-house expertise, avoiding experts with close ties to the nuclear industry, opening meetings to the public, and making press conferences open to everyone. The chapter then investigates how these findings provide insights into how a regulatory agency can avoid capture by building up independent in-house expertise, adopting transparency to enable domestic and international scrutiny, and attaining stronger competencies to enforce regulations.
Post-3.11 Nuclear Safety Standards
Authors: Koppenborg Florentine
Published: September 2023

This chapter assesses how far the establishment of an independent safety regulator with enhanced regulatory competencies has translated into stringent safety regulation, implementation, and monitoring. It considers different nuclear safety aspects which include basic reactor design, accident countermeasures, and emergency response measures. The chapter highlights that out of the three areas of nuclear safety, security, and safeguarding, the Nuclear Regulation Authority (NRA) holds the most competencies, including sanctioning powers, with regard to nuclear safety. Focusing on nuclear safety, the chapter takes a closer look at new regulatory requirements, their implementation, and the monitoring system. It lays out the safety standards and then looks at the implementation process, using exemplary safety reviews of nuclear power plants, to determine the NRA's level of stringency in practice. The chapter then turns to safety inspections and monitoring of measures taken at different power plants. It contextualizes the findings in international standards and global regulatory practices.
Introduction
Authors: Miller Timothy S. , Nesbitt John W.
Published: September 2023

This introductory chapter provides an overview of the notion of leprosy, which occupies a special place in the history of contagious diseases. Due to the terrifying visual of leprosy, Medieval writers and literature often describe victims of the illness as the living dead. People living during the Middle Ages are conscious of the divine power in every natural manifestation, so the decaying flesh of leprosy was especially disturbing. The chapter expounds on how Galen of Pergamon referred to leprosy as “elephantiasis” also known as the Elephant Disease. Meanwhile, modern infectious diseases experts identified the bacterium that causes leprosy even with their different manifestations.
The Ancient World
Authors: Miller Timothy S. , Nesbitt John W.
Published: September 2023

This chapter looks into the ancient diagnosis of leprosy. According to modern scientific research, leprosy had reached Egypt by the time of the Ptolemaic kings. Meanwhile, Greek physicians at Alexandria were beginning to see cases of the malady they called “Elephant Disease” in the third century BC. The chapter considers the Hebrew Bible's interpretation of whether leprosy was a form of chastisement from God. It notes that Christian sources indicated that the Elephant Disease was becoming a major problem in the Eastern Mediterranean. The sudden focus on leprosy in Christian circles corresponded to the period when the emperor Constantine was transforming the old provincial city of Byzantium into Constantinople as the new center of the Roman Empire in the Greek East.
Leprosy in the Byzantine Empire
Authors: Miller Timothy S. , Nesbitt John W.
Published: September 2023

This chapter focuses on the history of leprosy within the Byzantine Empire. Over the years, Byzantine society debated the social, religious, and medical implications of leprosy, which they usually called “elephantiasis,” or “Elephant Disease.” Moreover, Byzantine ecclesiastical and political leaders managed to create an environment in which victims received palliative care and were never expressly banned from society. The chapter details the cases of leprosy in Constantinople and Asia Minor became a major health issue that required attention from both the state and the Christian Church. It notes the accounts of leprosy depicted by Byzantium's greatest Christian writers that became the fathers of the Eastern Church.
Byzantine Medicine
Authors: Miller Timothy S. , Nesbitt John W.
Published: September 2023

This chapter explores the relationship between Byzantine medical science and leprosy. It discusses the works of the most prominent Byzantine physicians, such as Theophanes Chrysobalantes and John Zacharias. Greek medical ideas about leprosy influenced Christian leaders in constructing leprosariums and in organizing therapeutic routines for patients in institutions. Moreover, professional medical opinion from the fourth to the seventh centuries considered leprosy highly contagious. The chapter elaborates on the contagion regarding Elephant Disease and classifying leprosy as a disease. It also mentions the professional medical opinion in the medieval West that leprosy increased the sexual desires of its victims, especially among male lepers.
Leprosariums in the Latin West
Authors: Miller Timothy S. , Nesbitt John W.
Published: September 2023

This chapter focuses on leprosariums in the Latin West, which became common during the High Middle Ages. Since the eighteenth-century Enlightenment, historians have noted the rapid increase in the number of leprosariums following the First Crusade. However, controversies rose after Latin Christians founded so many leprosariums. The chapter details the factors of women, finances, and governance in leprosariums found in Western Europe. Since leprosariums also differed from hospitals, hospices, and orphanages, leper residents played the leading role in administering and governing their institutions. The chapter highlights that leprosarium rules prove that these institutions were not designed as prisons to separate lepers from society and leper residents were to live lives similar to monks.
Conclusion
Authors: Miller Timothy S. , Nesbitt John W.
Published: September 2023

This concluding chapter reviews the Medieval understanding of leprosy. Pope Clement IV's order to segregate Europe's lepers in leprosariums from contact with a healthy society only played an important role in generating the profound distrust of lepers in southern France that resulted in the infamous Leper Massacre. The chapter looks into Saint Basil in Caesarea and Saint Martin in Gaul shaping a new ethical imperative to accept lepers as suffering brothers in Christ. It explains that philanthropic institutions organized in the Byzantine Empire set the pattern for later hospitals, hospices, and orphanages in the West. Additionally, surviving archival materials prove that some elements in the medieval world are afraid of walking corpses and the new concept of the body politic taking shape in the leper hospitals of Europe.
Cupriavidus gilardii Pneumonia in a Young Patient with Chronic Kidney Disease: A Case Report
Authors: Jamwal Ashima , Kar Mitra , Dubey Akanksha , Tejan Nidhi , Sahu Chinmoy
Published: September 2023

Cupriavidus gilardii (C. gilardii) is a Gram-negative, motile, non sporulating, non lactose fermenting bacterium. It was first identified by Coenye et al., and has a complex taxonomy, often being misidentified as Wausteria gilardii, Ralstonia gilardii. It is commonly found in ecosystems containing plants and heavy metal-contaminated soil and is rarely isolated from clinical samples with no clear evidence of its clinical significance. The pathogenic nature of C. gilardii in respiratory ailments, particularly in patients with cystic fibrosis, is still unclear. This case report presents a 19-year-old female with Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) who developed pneumonia caused by C. gilardii. The report also includes the sensitivity pattern of the bacterium to guide physicians in treating these rare pathogens.
Impact of Income Generating Activities on Self-Help Groups Members of Mahabubnagar District of Telangana, India
Authors: Dhanraj Padwal , Bose Dipak Kumar
Published: September 2023

Whereas there is ample evidence that the Self-Help Groups (SHG) approach is a very effective, efficient, and relevant tool for organizing and empowering the poor, do arise with the design, development, and introduction of programs to promote income-generating activities (IGAs) that will generate sufficient, sustainable and regular income. Mahabubnagar district is one of the 33 districts in the Indian state of Telangana. The district is situated in the Southern Telangana region of the state. The administrative headquarters of the district is situated at Mahabubnagar Urban. The wide range of agricultural activities and allied sources undertaken by the SHG members in the study 11.11 per cent of respondents had dairy and 8.33 per cent of respondents had piggery meager proportion of respondents 6.66 per cent had gone for goattery production. A maximum of less than half 34.44 per cent of the respondents had paddy cultivation as their primary occupation followed by vegetable cultivation engaged by 22.77 per cent of the respondents and 20.00 per cent of SHG members were also involved in sugarcane cultivation. More than one-tenth 15.00 per cent of respondents had gone for banana cultivation whereas a meager proportion of respondents 7.22 per cent had gone for vermicompost production. Several respondents were engaged in individual sources apart from their group to be involved in tailoring 18.88 per cent, pickles making 16.66 percent and toys making 13.88 per cent, Regarding group based activity, napkin preparation 15.00 per cent, curry leaf powder preparation 11.12 cent, foot mat preparation 10.00 per cent and areca plate preparation 10.55 per cent were the major income generating activities found in the study area.
Application of Naive Bayes to Students’ Performance Classification
Authors: Akanbi Olawale Basheer
Published: September 2023

Naive Bayes Classifier is a strong tool or model in classifying students' performance based on various factors. Thus, this research developed a classification model that can accurately classify students into different academic performance categories. The study utilized data, collected from 1,422 students at the University of Ibadan, Nigeria. Descriptive statistics and data visualization techniques were used to gain insights into the distribution and relationships among the variables. Subsequently, a Naive Bayes classifier model was built using 70% of the data for training and 30% for testing. In addition, a Support Vector Machine (SVM) model was built to compare with the performance of the Naive Bayes model. The results of the descriptive statistics show that the respondents comprise of 846 females and 576 males. From the female respondents, 144 of them had First Class grade, 432 had Second Class Upper, 252 had Second Class Lower, and the remaining 18 had Third Class. From the male respondents, 144 of them had First Class grade, 198 had Second Class Upper, 216 had Second Class Lower, and the remaining 18 had Third Class. The Naive bayes model achieved an overall accuracy of 87%, while the SVM model achieved an overall accuracy of 85%. The results highlighted that department, grade in the first year, and monthly allowance were the most crucial features for classifying performance outcomes, while gender, age group and whether or not the respondents’ parents are educated, exerted the least significant influence on the models. Thus, on average, the Naive Bayes model outperformed the SVM in the classification of students’ performance based on the data collected. Also, the early academic performance, and financial support are significant factors in determining students' overall performance in the Institution.
Spontaneous Hematoma of the Rectus Abdominis Muscle During Treatment with Non-vitamin K Oral Anticoagulant: A Rare Clinical Occurrence and Review of the Literature
Authors: Mulendele P. M. , Halim S. , Njie M. , Boutar M. S. , Assklou A. , Haboub M. , Benouna G. M. , Drighil A. , Habbal R.
Published: September 2023

Vitamin k antagonist anticoagulants (VKAs) and non-vitamin K oral anticoagulants (NOACs) are widely used in the treatment of non-valvular atrial fibrillation and other indications, but both classes of medications carry a risk of potentially serious bleeding. Spontaneous hematoma of the rectus abdominis muscle is a rare complication of NOAC treatment. Several risk factors, such as trauma, surgery, anticoagulation, coughing, intense rectus muscle contractions, pregnancy, etc., have been reported to cause rectus sheath hematoma. We report a case of spontaneous hematoma of the rectus abdominis muscle associated with moderate hemoperitoneum in a patient treated with NOAC for non-valvular atrial fibrillation (AF).  Abdominal ultrasound and computed tomography scan (CT scan) confirmed the diagnosis after clinical assessment. The treatment was generally conservative but in the case of a hemodynamically unstable patient; hemostatic procedures should be considered.
Attitude of Farm Women towards the Effects of Climate Change in Agriculture and Allied Activities: A Study in Imphal, East Districts of Manipur, India
Authors: Devi Chingakham Kananbala , Das Puspita , Nath Meghali , Mishra B. K.
Published: September 2023

Farm women play a significant role in agricultural production across the world. Agriculture is the backbone of the Indian economy and climate change significantly affects agriculture productivity due to the increased frequency and intensity of extreme weather events such as droughts, floods, and cyclones. Manipur, a northeastern state of India, is highly dependent on climatic-sensitive sectors like agriculture, forestry, and fishing for their economy and livelihood. The present study was carried out in Sawombung Block and Heingang Block from Imphal East District of Manipur with a sample size of 100, which were selected randomly. The objective of the study was to assess the attitude of farm women towards the effects of climate change on agriculture and allied activities. The data were collected with the help of structured interview schedule and were analysed using statistical methods including percentage, frequency, category interval method and Pearson’s correlation coefficient. The study revealed that majority of the total respondents had moderately favorable attitude followed by 20 per cent of the respondents had a highly favorable attitude towards the effects of climate change in agriculture and allied activities. The correlation test revealed that from both the Blocks, age had a positive and significant relationship with the respondent’s attitude towards effects of climate change in agriculture and allied activities. Moreover, it was also found that from Block 2, education has a positive and significant relationship with the respondent’s attitude and from Block 1, farming experience has a positive and significant relationship with the attitude of farm women towards the effects of climate change in agriculture and allied activities. Thus, it is suggested that it is necessary to provide climate awareness, education and support of improved climate smart agricultural technologies to the farm women that can empower them to adapt to changing climate effectively.
Study of Nitrogen Rates and Nano Urea Effects on Physiological Parameters and Yield of Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.)
Authors: Gayathri Peddinti Anu , Ghuge S. B. , Shinde S. A. , Mahesh Sirimalle , Pawar Ashwini Vilas
Published: September 2023

Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) is an important oil seed crop, essential as vegetable oil for humans and feed for livestock. The experiment was conducted in a split plot design to study the effects of foliar application of nano urea and urea on safflower growth and development. The results showed that application of 100% nitrogen in the form of urea topdressing at vegetative stage and foliar spray of nano urea twice at flowering and seed filling stages significantly improved the physiological parameters viz. plant height (cm), primary branches of safflower. The CSI, RWC, Seed yield (kg/ha), 100 seed weight (g) and hull content (%) of safflower also significantly improved with 100% N and foliar spray of nano urea twice at flowering and seed filling stages. The result from the study suggests that application of urea as split doses and foliar spray of nano urea at reproductive stage is beneficial for the crop and will improve seed yield and oil quality of safflower. Foliar application of nano urea improves the nutrient uptake by the crop through its slow and controlled release of nutrients. It also helps in reducing environmental pollution due to leaching of fertilizers.
Evaluation of the Medicinal Potentials of Soursop (Annona muricata Safford) Leaf Extracts against Eimeria tenella Infection in Broiler Chickens
Authors: Osho Innocent Bamidele , Abodunrin Stephen Olusola , Durojaye Catherine Olusunmibola
Published: September 2023

Aims: Poultry industry in Nigeria has recorded considerable expansion in recent times but not without poultry diseases as one of the major threats to boosting poultry production. Protozoa cause the majority of parasitic infections and cause high mortalities. Parasitic diseases such as coccidiosis are of particular importance because of their high incidence in poultry occasioned by the tropical environmental conditions under which the farmer operates. The resistance to common anticoccidial drugs has led to exploring other natural sources for prophylaxis and therapy. This research evaluated the therapeutic efficacies of Annona muricata at different dosages of 100, 125, 165mg/kg body weight using 120 broilers at 4 weeks of age.  

Place and Duration of Study: Animal Parasitology and Microbiology Research Unit, Department of Animal Production and Health, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria, between September and December, 2022.

Methodology: 120 broilers of 4 weeks old were used for this study using completely randomized study design. The birds were infected with sporulated Eimeria tenella oocysts at week 4. Treatment with ethanolic extract of Annona muricata was administered orally at week 5 using different dosages of 100, 125, 165mg/kg body weight for five consecutive days. Treatment commenced after the isolation of Eimeria oocysts in the faeces and onset on coccidial clinical signs as parameters to confirm manifestation of the infection. Blood parameters, faecal oocysts count and biochemical assays were conducted.

Results: Results revealed that therapeutic administration of Annona muricata leaf extracts at minimum dose 100mg/kg body weight had significant reduction (P<0.05) on excreted Eimeria oocysts counts without any significant deviation from normal haematological and biochemical indices of the broilers.

Conclusion: This study suggests the use of Annona muricata in the treatment of coccidiosis in broiler chickens. It is therefore recommended that its extracts be further explored for actual phytochemical constituents responsible for the displayed anticoccidial properties.
Evaluating the Effect of Boron & Molybdenum Micronutrient Application Methods on Growth in Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.)
Authors: Ghadiali J. J. , Sahoo C. , Macwan S. J.
Published: September 2023

The present investigation was conducted during Rabi 2019 season at the central farm, Regional Research and Technology Transfer Station, Coastal Zone, OUAT, Bhubaneswar. The fresh seeds of groundnut variety Devi (ICGV - 91114) were used as sowing material. The field was laid out in randomized block design with twelve treatments and three replications. The treatments were T1 (Seed priming with Borax solution @ 0.01%), T2 (Seed priming with Borax solution @ 0.05%), T3 (Seed priming with Borax solution @ 0.10%), T4 (Foliar application of Borax @ 100 ppm), T5 (Soil application of Borax @ 10 kg/ha ), T6 (Seed priming with Sodium Molybdate @ 0.25 g/l for 2 hours), T7 (Seed priming with Sodium Molybdate @ 0.50 g/l for 2 hours), T8 (Seed priming with Sodium Molybdate @ 0.75 g/l for 2 hours), T9 (Foliar application of Sodium Molybdate @ 50 ppm), T10 (Soil application of Sodium Molybdate @ 1.5 kg/ha), T11 (T2 + T7) and T12 (Control). The results revealed that different growth phases have shown profound effect. Morphological characters of the T11 showed significant increase in the plant height, number of branches, number of leaves and leaf area. Physiological analysis of treatments revealed T11 significantly higher increment as compare to other treatments in the dry weight of the plant and leaf area index. It was revealed that the treatment T11 has shown as superior performance over other treatments in groundnut.
Control of the Maize Pest Beetle, Anomala denuda (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae), Using Insecticidal Plants Ricinus communis and Azadirachta indica in a Laboratory Setting
Authors: Adolphe Gbon Gueu , Pierre Boga Jean , Félicia Johnson
Published: September 2023

The aim of this study was to identify a natural alternative to synthetic insecticides for controlling the Anomala denuda beetle, a destructive corn pest. The investigation took place at Félix Houphouët-Boigny University's Natural Environments and Biodiversity Conservation Laboratory at a temperature of 17°C. Aqueous extracts of Azadirachta indica leaves and Ricinus communis seed capsules were tested for their effectiveness against the beetle. The reference pesticides, Cypercal 50EC and Viper 42EC, were used as positive control. The tests included three types of toxicity (inhalation, ingestion, and repulsion) with four repetitions each and a four-day exposure period. The ingestion test was the most effective. At 110 g/l, A. indica and R. communis extracts had corrected mortality rates of 87.41 ± 3.21 and 90.28 ± 1.71%, respectively. In the inhalation test, A. indica and R. communis extracts resulted in 80.92 ± 5.88% and 83.14 ± 7.57% mortality rates, respectively, at the same concentration. At the same concentration, R. communis extract repelled 60% of beetles, which was higher than A. indica's 53.3%. The insecticidal effects of the extracts were similar to those of Cypercal in all tests. These results suggest that R. communis and A. indica extracts could be used to control A. denuda pests without relying on synthetic chemical pesticides.
Studies on the Storability of Hand-hauled and Machine-hauled Sunnhemp Seeds (Crotolaria juncea Linn.)
Authors: Masilamani P. , Govindaraj M. , Albert V. Alex , Sathya V. K. , Bhaskaran M. , Easwaran S.
Published: September 2023

Aim: The present investigation is an attempt to study the effect of different harvesting and threshing methods on storability of sunnhemp seed.

Study Design: Factorial Completely Randomized Design (FCRD).

Place and Duration of Study: Agricultural Engineering College and Research Institute, TNAU, Kumulur, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu.

Methodology: The sunnhemp seed crop was harvested and threshed using four different methods viz., manual harvesting and manual threshing, manual harvesting and mechanical threshing, manual harvesting and threshing by tractor treading and harvesting and threshing by combine harvester. The resultant seeds were stored under ambient conditions in both cloth bag and super grain bag containers with 12.0 per cent and 8 per cent moisture content respectively. The experiment was designed adopting FCRD with eight replications. The seed quality parameters recorded at monthly intervals upto 12 months to assess the storability. The seed moisture content, seed health, germination percentage, root and shoot length, dry matter production and vigour index were calculated.

Results: The result revealed seeds stored in cloth bag recorded 12% moisture content for initial month and increased up to 13.76% in 12th month whereas seeds stored in super bag recorded 8% initial month and increased up to 8.78% in 12th month. Seeds obtained by manual harvesting and manual threshing method registered maximum germination percentage (93% & 94%)followed by combine harvesting (91% & 92%).The minimum germination percentage was recorded in manual harvesting and mechanical threshing (89% & 90%). Between the containers, super grain bag maintained the highest germination percentage (92%) while the lowest germination percentage was observed in cloth bag (91%). Seed health test revealed that no incidence was noticed up to four months of storage.

Conclusion: From this study it could be concluded that sunnhemp seed crop harvested and threshed by different methods and reduced to the seed moisture content of 8 per cent and packed in super grain bag maintained seed quality above minimum seed certification standards up to twelve months of storage.
Analysis of Fatigue Fracture Accidents of Welded I-beam Bridges, Key Technology and Demolition Method in Australia
Authors: Wu Ding
Published: September 2023

When Germany built Bendorf Bridge over the Rhine River, the cantilever pouring construction method was adopted, and the cantilever pouring method and cantilever assembly construction method were adopted. The continuous improvement, innovation and perfection of the method make this method widely used. At present, our country has made rapid progress in science and technology. New changes have been made in the prestressed design of concrete Bridges, as well as in the analysis and testing of structures, as well as in materials and processes. Great progress has been made in the design and construction of prestressed concrete Bridges.

In the construction of continuous steel Bridges, the width and weight of block 0 are changed with the size of the bridge span, for example, the higher the pier of the bridge built over the river valley, the more difficult the construction. When the two are put together, it will become the most important part of the construction, so the construction personnel should be extremely concerned about it. For the construction of No. 0 block, the following two construction processes are generally adopted, one is the support method. The second is the bracket method. Among them, the support method is divided into two kinds, respectively: full support and steel pipe pile support.

The bracket method involves a little more variety, the most important of which are: welded ox legs, embedded Beret pieces and counterthreading I beam method. In these construction methods, the I-beam method has been widely used, and its main advantages are that its bracket steel is tough, fast construction and wide range of application. Based on this, this paper studies the fatigue fracture accidents of welded I-beam Bridges in Australia for reference.
Obsessive Love Turns to Violence: A Textual Analysis in Edwin’s Posesif
Authors: Kusumaningrum Andhiyustina Mukti
Published: September 2023

Relationship violence refers to any attempt to control or dominate another person physically, sexually, or psychologically, causing some level of harm (Wekerle & Wolfe, 1999). According to the Ministry of Female Empowerment and Child Protection of the Republic of Indonesia, almost half of the perpetrators are boyfriends or friends. This concerning phenomenon is what Edwin, Posesif’s director, tries to portray in his film. He represents this reality as a means to raise awareness of obsessive love that turns to violence among teenagers, who just left their childhood and are going to a romantic relationship by seeing the signs of such a relationship. However, without proper understanding on why the characters in this movie are involved in violence relationships, it will not be easy for the audience to learn from the movie. We need to acknowledge the characters’ background and purposes in the romantic relationship to reveal why they are trapped in relationship violence. Therefore, the question is why obsessive love happened to them. Why is the male character, Yudhis, obsessed with Lala, the female character, and why does Lala not end her relationship despite what has happened to her? Bandura’s social learning theory and Bowlby’s attachment theory are used as a framework to unfold their background and behaviors. Both theories include the role of caregivers to the young ones that set templates in their behaviors’ responses in life. In this study, it is known that Diana, Yudhis’s mother, and Lala’s father are both failed in giving adequate attention to their children that causes Yudhis and Lala trapped in a co-obsessive relationship, putting Yudhis as the perpetrator and Lala as the victim. By understanding this, this film can encourage adults and teenagers to be aware of obsessive love and prevent violence in any relationship.
Linguistic Analysis of Dove Indonesia’s Website and Its Localization
Authors: Husodo Evita , Rini Julia Eka
Published: September 2023

This paper analyzes the website localization of Dove Indonesia’s website. The study, then, analyzes the adaptation and the translation technique of the translation part that includes the home page and its first next link of the website. In analyzing website localization, the theories that are used are the theory of website localization by Pym (2012) and the translation technique by Molina and Albir (2002). This study found that the website is highly localized with both adaptation and translation. Adaptation includes changes in data and time format, legal inventions, and content. The translation itself uses single and duplet translation techniques. Single technique includes amplification, borrowing, compensation, discursive creation, generalization, literal translation, modulation, particularization, reduction, and transposition. Duplet technique includes compensation and borrowing and reduction and amplification. However, the mostly used translation technique is a single technique, literal translation.
Figurative Language Used in Bo Burnham’s Stand-Up Comedy Titled What.
Authors: Junior Hansel Christian Handy
Published: September 2023

This study aims to find out the types of figurative language and the function of the figurative language used in Bo Burnham’s stand-up comedy titled “what.”. The writer conducted this study using the theory of types of figurative language and functions of figurative language by Harris (2018). The writer conducted the study using a qualitative approach method in which he collected and analyzed the data himself. Findings reveal that the figurative language used in "what." comprises simile, metaphor, personification, and allusion, serving to clarify content, provoke interest, and establish associations. This study also found that the types of figurative language used in stand-up comedy depends on the compatibility of the type with the comedic material and the timing and pacing of the performance. It is also found that multiple types of figurative language can appear in a single utterance as it adds layers and creates engagement. It is suggested that future studies consider other forms of humor or alternative theories of figurative language to further diversify and enrich the field.
Kim Namjoon’s Speech at the 2018 United Nations General Assembly: The Intentions and Impacts
Authors: Cahayarani Ayu Indyra
Published: September 2023

This study, using a qualitative approach, was conducted to find out the types of illocutionary acts in the speech of Kim Namjoon at the 2018 United Nations General Assembly, including the intentions and the impacts. The speech on “Generation Unlimited”, was aimed to help young people all over the world to help end bullying and violence by sharing kind notes. In conducting the research, the writer used the theory proposed by George Yule (1996) completed by the related theory by O’Keeffe, Clancy, and Adolphs (2011). The findings reveal various intentions through the illocutionary acts and the impacts through the written responses as the perlocution. The intentions through the representative acts were to inform people about his struggles in the past. The intentions through the directive acts were to get the audience to begin speaking up and expressing what they believed. The impact of this speech was that it touched the audience's hearts; they got inspired by the speech to never give up, and they would now continue to love and speak for themselves even if it was hard. In conclusion, Kim Namjoon’s speech at the 2018 United Nations General Assembly resulted in inspiring and motivating impacts on the audience viewed from their written responses.