bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
VIRTUAL DIGITAL ASSISTANT WITH VOICE INTERFACE SUPPORT
Authors: Spirintsev Vyacheslav , Popov Dmitry , Spirintseva Olga
Published: April 2021

A virtual digital assistant which can work with arbitrary systems and provide an effective solution of narrowly focused user tasks for interaction with Ukrainian services voice inter-face supported has been proposed. The developed web service was implemented by using the PHP programming language, Wit.ai service for audio signal processing, FANN library for neural network construction, Telegram service for creating an interface.
Modeling of the scheme of location of active raining equipment of the closed irrigation system
Authors: Karpenko Serhii , Lebedenko Yurii , Rudakova Hanna , Rudakova Antonina
Published: April 2021

The purpose of the study is to develop a procedure for determining the parameters of the layout of active sprinkler equipment in closed irrigation systems. This paper presents the importance of transforming agricultural production into a highly developed sector of the economy which is impossible without reducing its dependence on adverse climatic conditions. The introduction of modern computer-integrated technologies, including precision farming, due to the need for economic use of visible and energy resources, is considered. Closed irrigation systems with the use of reclamation equipment such as universal sprinklers have become widespread. The existing fleet of efficient sprinklers will consist of 64% of frigate sprinklers. The article considers a complex of sprinklers, which will consist of eight irrigation fields, the total number of sprinklers in the system is eight. The article discusses in detail the principle of operation of the presented closed irrigation system, namely the system of water supply pipelines to sprinklers, and equipment that controls the operation of this system, such as booster pumps, hydrants, transformers, valves, communication lines. The article considers the process of calculating the total number of options for connecting sprinklers. In the considered system 4 sprinkler installations which are connected and disconnected in pairs can be in work at the same time. Consider problems that arise in the system due to pressure jumps in the hydraulic system. Schematically, the options for placing active sprinkler equipment are presented. The possibility of specifying the structure of the connection scheme of active sprinkler equipment using a matrix is considered. The procedure of definition of parameters of the scheme of placement of the active sprinkler equipment is offered. Timely switching of modes of operation of the pumping equipment of ZSS, is possible in the presence of correctly working control system, the confirmed efficiency. The work must be based on the results of computer simulations.
RESEARCH OF COMPUTING EFFICIENCY IN MODULAR MULTIPROCESSOR SYSTEMS
Authors: Ivashchenko Valery , Shvachych Gennady , Ivashchenko Olena
Published: April 2021

The article is devoted to the research of efficiency of a multiprocessor computing system in solving problems aimed at expanding the computing area. The basic regularities concerning the time of solving the problem are revealed, depending on the change in the multiprocessor system calculations area. The research is aimed at determining the deceleration factor associated with the increase of the computing area of a multiprocessor system when compared with the computer version with an unlimited computing area. The analytical ratios are derived for determining the calculations deceleration coefficient. A stage of simulation for calculations of the deceleration factor was carried out to determine the regularities of its change, depending on the application of a particular computing platform. The revealed tendencies of such a change point to the need to reconcile the components of the network interface and computing capabilities of the chosen computing platform. The derived analytical relations were aimed at determining the optimal number of nodes of a multiprocessor system which allow the minimum delay of calculations.
Optimization of heat transfer processes in the circuit of a nuclear power plant in order to increase it
Authors: Shvachich Svetlana , Bulychev Vladimir , Ternova Kateryna
Published: April 2021

The urgency of the work is due to the depletion of traditional fuel reserves and increasing the load on the biosphere because of emissions from burning coal, oil and gas. The solution of these problems are the development of nuclear energy. The advantages of nuclear energy are analyzed, namely: high calorific value of nuclear fuel, better economic indicators, less environmental pollution. The purpose of this work is to optimize the heat transfer processes in the secondary circuit of a nuclear power plant. It is proposed to take the second circuit of the third power unit of the Rivne nuclear power plant as the object of research. The need for knowledge of heat transfer processes and hydrodynamics is determined by the fact that nuclear reactors are energy-intensive thermal machines, in which these processes are manifested in a rather complex form. Therefore, measures to optimize heat transfer processes in the thermal circuit of the second circuit of the NPP in order to increase energy performance are considered. In order to remove from the system the hardness salts that settle on the walls of the equipment and impair the heat transfer processes, a reagent has been selected to bind the hardness salts. he addition of the PuroTech113 reagent to the working circuit of the secondary circuit made it possible to free the system from the deposition of hardness salts in it, as this reagent "binds" free calcium and magnesium ions. In turn, scale is no longer deposited on the walls of the heat exchange equipment, which allows to fully transferring the required amount of heat. Recalculation of the thermal balance showed that the efficiency of the unit is increased by 3%.The efficiency coefficient of the heat exchanger was chosen as the criterion of optimality. The efficiency of the heat exchanger in the general case is a function of the mode parameters, the scheme of mutual movement of heat carriers and features of hydrodynamics and heat transfer of real heat exchangers. The problem of optimizing the movement of heat carriers in intermediate heat exchangers is solved in paper.
Application of clustering methods to determine the areas of activity of candidates in recruitment for IT-companies
Authors: Gavrylenko Olena , Dvornyk Viktoriia
Published: April 2021

Nowadays the selection of candidates for recruitment from a wide range of candidates is a fundamental issue. Today's HR managers have to handle extremely large amounts of data: portfolio research, social media screening, skill set identification, and, of course, resume research.Professors Sagar More, Bhamara Priyanka, Mali Puja and Kachave Kalyani were considering the automated classification of resumes using clustering techniques. The solution proposed by scientists uses methods of data mining. The method of data mining clustering is used for classification and calculation.The aim of the article is to study the methods of clustering and the transformation of the clustering problem into an optimization problem to improve the efficiency and quality of recommendations to recruitment managers.In the task of determining the areas of activity of employees in recruitment for IT-companies an input information will be summarized in text form, which will contain all the information about the professional career of the employee, as well as cover letters, essays and career guidance tests with free open answers.At the output we get a set of professional areas of activity of employees with the best resumes selected for them, that is, we get a grouping of input data to certain areas of activity.It is suggested to use text clustering methods to group and combine input data. For clustering can be used c-means algorithm – a modification of the k-means method.There is one disadvantage of the method: the need to know the number of clusters in advance. In this case, it is proposed to present the problem of clustering as optimization. The «elbow» method or the «knee» method can be used to determine the optimal number of clusters.Analysis of the results showed that the use of the c-means method has an important advantage: the ability to determine the degree of belonging of the element to the cluster. And, also with usage of «elbow» method optimal number of clusters can be chosen.
Fractional-differential approach to describe the process of feeding metals and alloys solidifying under controlled gas pressure
Authors: Selivyorstova Tatjana , Selivyorstov Vadim , Mala Yuliia
Published: April 2021

To describe the processes of filtration in the folding dendritic-porous middle of the proponation, a number of fractional-differential mathematical models of the diffusion type. Described non-linear, how to take the shot of the abducted Riman-Leeuwill for an hour, as it can be stuck for a correct description of the single-phase filtration of not Newtonian age in the porous middle.The two-phase zone, which is established during the transition from melting from hard to hard mill, can often be characterized by abnormal kinetics of resistance. The peculiarities of kinetics in the whole range of winners are related to the issues of widespread nonlocality, in a number of types, memory defects, which adhere to the progressive laws. The mathe-?atical apparatus, which allows to adequately describe such processes, is the theory of integration-differentiation of the fractional order.Victorians in robotic thinking have a phenomenological character, so the possibility of their dependence in a specific, practical dermal condition is blamed on the basis of experimental results, so that the validity of other differences is confirmed. Stagnation of the given approach for describing the dynamics of the process of vitality of the two-phase zones and metals and alloys, which solidifies in the minds of a regulated gas vice. Presented in the fractional-differential robotic model of filtration are classified as abnormal diffusion. A characteristic feature of the ryvnyan, which is derived from different types of differential models of filtration, is not the same. With a whole model, they preserve the structure of the classical lines of filtration in the whole order and pass into them in boundary drops, if the order of the other differentiation is old.Vivchennya yakіsnyh authorities otrimanih іvnyans, and also prompts їh numerical decisions є to finish nontrivial zavdannyi, as vimagayut in the skin okremomu vampad of independent thought.
МОДЕЛЮВАННЯ СЕДИМЕНТАЦІЇ НАНОСІВ РІЧКОВОЇ СИСТЕМИ ПІВДЕННИХ РЕГІОНІВ
Authors: Назаренко Олексій , Доненко Василь , Назаренко Ірина , Петухова Ольга , Ahmed Mustafa
Published: April 2021

Наприкінці минулого сторіччя людство почало бентежити з приводу зменшення рівня річкової поверхні та зниження гідроенергетичного потенціалу річкової системи. Безумовно, зниження рівня на 0,2-0,3 м при 15 метрів глибини не посилить ризик гідрологічної кризи. Тенденція погіршення потенціалу річко на протязі 10-20 років надихає науковців та муніципалітети до контролювання факторів та моделювання ризиків накопичення осадів. Планування містобудівної стратегії на пряму пов'язано з постачанням будівельногоматеріалу. Накопичення та обробка місцевого сировинного матеріалу вкрай важливе для зниження собівартості будівельних послуг при проектуванні SMART міста.
OF PLASTIC PROPERTIES OF AISI 316L STEEL BY METHOD OF REGISTRATION OF MACROLOCALIZATION FIELDS
Authors: Adjamsky Sergey , Kononenko Ganna , Podolskyi Rostislav
Published: April 2021

Selective laser melting is one of the modern methods of manufacturing parts in the production of machine-building equipment, a special place is occupied by complex technological processes used in the manufacture of high-load units of pneumatic-hydraulic system from heat-resistant alloys. The studies were performed on samples made of powder material AISI 316L stainless steel martensite class. Tests to determine the mechanical properties were performed in accordance with ISO 6892 on an INSTRON test machine. The control of the surface roughness was performed using a BioBase device. From microstructural analysis and testing the method of registration of macrolocalization fields of the working zone samples, it was found that the destruction began from the surface of the samples from the microconcentrators due to different roughness.
APPLICATION OF MODELING IN THE QFORM VX 8.2 SOFTWARE PACKAGE FOR DETERMINATION OF RATIONAL COOLING SPEEDS OF RAILWAY RIMS
Authors: Babachenko Oleksandr , Kononenko Ganna , Klemeshov Evgen , Podolskyi Rostislav
Published: April 2021

The tests were performed on ER7 steel according to EN 13262. Based on the hardenability test (GOST 5657) by the method of end hardening (Jomen) the distance from the surface from which unilateral cooling was performed, where the hardness met the requirements of regulatory documentation for wheels of test steel, and the distance where the formation of needle structures, including bainite and otmanshtette, no longer took place. Simulation was applied in the software package QForm VX 8.2, as a result, a model was developed, for the adaptation of which the results of the experiment were used. Confirmed the high convergence of the results of the calculation and the experiment. At the same time, the model allowed to obtain an instantaneous cooling rate in a form that is more in line with the physical meaning of the process and to avoid the scatter of actual values associated with the discreteness of data capture. It is established that the instantaneous cooling rate changes in the process of continuous uniform supply of the cooler. The developed model can be used to build thermokinetic diagrams under continuous cooling and to develop recommendations for heat treatment modes to achieve the specified mechanical properties under a certain structural state.
ABOUT SOME FEATURES OF LABORATORY RESEARCHES FOR PROCESS OF PULVERIZED FUEL BURNING
Authors: Stupak Yurii
Published: April 2021

The analysis of scientific publications containing information about the equipment and methods of modeling the process of pulverized fuel combustion is carried out. The basic requirements for ensuring the reliability of research results are formulated. The conclusion is made about the possibility and expediency of using installations of the type "vertical tubular furnace" to find ways to increase the completeness of pulverized coal combustion in the blast furnaces raceway. Emphasis is placed on the importance of ensuring a uniform supply of fuel to the reaction zone, a time-stable ratio of fuel and oxidant, qualitative technical analysis of the source fuel, as well as the residue after its combustion. Based on a comparative analysis of methods for determining the completeness of burnout of pulverized fuel used in such studies, a convenient formula for its calculations is proposed.
MATHEMATICAL MODEL OF THE DYNAMICS DISPERSED MEDIA IN THE SHAPING PROCESSES BILLETS OF POWDER METALLURGY
Authors: Ivanchuk Yaroslav , Iskovych-Lototsky Rostislav , Sevostianov Ivan , Veselovska Natalia , Manzhilevskyy Olexander
Published: April 2021

A mathematical model has been developed for changing the dynamics of the movement of a dispersed medium in vibro-impact technological processes of shaping of powder metallurgy blanks. On the basis of the problem of two-dimensional dynamic interaction of dispersed particles of powder metal of a spacer dispersed medium, the obtained differential equation in partial derivatives under various boundary conditions. This equation describes the state of the local area of the dispersed medium. In it, the powder material of the workpiece passes from the concentrated dynamic force to the excitation phase. A partial differential equation is obtained. It describes the change in normal stress during vibrations of a dispersed medium during vibration compaction of a workpiece in powder metallurgy.
STEREOMETRY OF COMPRESSED CONOIDS OF ELEMENT Q8
Authors: Khomchenko Aanatilii , Lytvynenko Olena , Dudchenkо Оleg , Astionenko Ihor
Published: April 2021

The paper considers new models of bases of serendipity finite elements (FE) Q8. In recent years, the library of serendipity finite elements has been significantly replenished with non-standard (alternative) models. The reasons for the inadequacy of the spectrum were identified and "recipes" were proposed to eliminate this shortcoming of standard serendipity models. New approaches to modeling bases with the help of hierarchical forms force to abandon conoids - linear surfaces that are associated with intermediate nodes of standard elements. Therefore, research is being conducted today, and it is not necessary to give up conoids. The paper shows how by compressing the surface of the conoid it is possible to obtain a mathematically sound and physically adequate spectrum of nodal loads.
OPERATION MANAGEMENT IN A NET-TYPE INFORMATION SYSTEM: CONCEPT INTEGRATION
Authors: Aliiev Ruslan , Labutkina Tetiana
Published: April 2021

The analysis of perspective directions of creation of space information systems of network-type (satellite systems which realize information transfer on the basis of the Internet technologies, and also processing and storage of the information in space) is presented. A generalized approach to the management of many tasks that implement nodes of the information system of the network type (with emphasis on a special case of application of this scheme for the space information system) is proposed. In the general scheme of task management there are two main components (task management in the network node and control of the distribution of tasks between network nodes), as well as the basic principles of their implementation. The analysis of some separate cases of realization of the named principles of management of tasks in a networks of satellite systems is carried out.
RESEARCH OF THRESHOLD TECHNOLOGY OPTIMIZATION PROPERTIES
Authors: Hrytsyk Volodymyr , Scherbina Irina
Published: April 2021

To classify objects, you need to get an image description with so many possible descriptions that it is pointless to take each as a separate class.A partial task of this problem is to divide the image into segments. Since there is no common method for all cases, we consider methods that allow us to determine new subsets using already selected subsets.The paper considers the main approaches to identify new subsets using already selected subsets. The publication contains the following sections: partition of an image of any type; quantization of the input image; simultaneous application of smoothing and quantization; application of consistent filter and quantization.
MATHEMATICAL MODEL OF RAILWAY DYNAMICS AUTONOMOUS TRACTION MODULE
Authors: Bures Frantisek
Published: April 2021

In the report the author offers a mathematical description of the model of the dynamics of the railway autonomous traction module. The autonomous traction module is a multi-mass complex system moving on a railway track. The mathematical model takes into account the parameters and types of connections between the solids of the system, as well as takes into account the sliding forces between the wheels and rails. The mathematical model developed by the author can be applied at theoretical researches of innovative designs of autonomous traction means on railway transport.
MANAGEMENT OF THE OPTIMIZATION ALGORITHM ON THE BASIS OF MODELING ARTIFICIAL IMMUNE SYSTEM
Authors: Zheldak Timur , Ziborov Illia
Published: April 2021

The efficiency improvement of the known optimization algorithm based on modeling of the artificial immune system due to the adaptive population compression operator is proposed. The radius of similarity of individuals, which is responsible for whether they can be represented in the next generation, is proposed to be proportional to the radius of mutation of cells - search agents. In this case, the radius of the mutation, and accordingly the radius of similarity proportional to it, should gradually decrease during the operation of the algorithm, in accordance with the optimal solution achievement and proportionally to the iteration number. The proposed approach was tested on a number of problems in real and binary space. The results of solving the test problems showed the high efficiency of the proposed algorithmic approach.
MODEL MATEMATIKA KERUSAKAN HUTAN DENGAN MEMPERHATIKAN FAKTOR INDUSTRI DAN KEBAKARAN
Authors: Mohamad Regina , Rauf Moh.Dody Afandi , Lakisa Narti
Published: April 2021

Kerusakan sumber daya hutan merupakan masalah lingkungan yang terjadi hampir diseluruh dunia termasuk Indonesia. Untuk melihat dinamika kerusakan hutan di Indonesia, kami melakukan penelitian dengan memperhatikan faktor kepadatan populasi, kegiatan industri, dan kebakaran hutan sebagai penyebab kerusakan hutan. Hal ini dilakukan dengan memodelkan dalam bentuk model matematika berupa sistem persamaan diferensial. Dari model tersebut diperoleh dua jenis titik tetap yaitu titik tetap bebas gangguan (E1) yang merupakan kondisi dimana hutan belum dipengaruhi oleh faktor apapun dan titik tetap ada gangguan (E2, E3 dan E4) yang merupakan kondisi dimana hutan telah dipengaruhi oleh kepadatan populasi, industrialisasi dan kebakaran hutan. Dari titik-titik tetap tersebut akan diketahui kestabilan setiap kondisi yang ada. Selanjutnya untuk melihat pengaruh dari faktor-faktor tersebut terhadap hutan Indonesia, dilakukan simulasi model dan diperoleh hasil bahwa kondisi hutan Indonesia sangatlah tergantung dari keempat faktor tersebut.
BILANGAN TERHUBUNG TITIK PELANGI PADA AMALGAMASI GRAF BERLIAN
Authors: Akadji Afifah Farhanah , Taha Dennynatalis , Lakisa Narti , Yahya Nisky Imansyah
Published: April 2021

Suppose there is a simple, and finite graph G = (V, E). The coloring of vertices c is denoted by c: E(G) → {1,2, ..., k} with k is the number of rainbow colors on graph G. A graph is said to be rainbow connected if every pair of points x and y has a rainbow path. A path is said to be a rainbow if there are not two edges that have the same color in one path. The rainbow connected number of graph G denoted by rc(G) is the smallest positive integer-k which makes graph G has rainbow coloring. Furthermore, a graph is said to be connected to rainbow vertex if at each pair of vertices x and y there are not two vertices that have the same color in one path. The rainbow vertex connected to the number of graph G is denoted by rvc(G) is the smallest positive integer-k which makes graph G has rainbow coloring. This paper discusses rainbow vertex-connected numbers in the amalgamation of a diamond graph. A diamond graph with 2n points is denoted by an amalgamation of a diamond graph by adding the multiplication of the graph t at point v is denoted by Amal (Brn,v,t).
Pengalaman Keluarga Dalam Memberikan Dukungan Terhadap Penderita Hipertensi
Authors: Rusdianingseh
Published: April 2021

Hipertensi termasuk salah satu penyakit degenaratif yang sering dijumpai di masyarakat dan sering muncul tanpa gejala. Penyakit hipertensi akan menjadi masalah yang serius jika tidak dikelola dengan baik, karena akan berkembang dan menimbulkan komplikasi yang berbahaya. Keberhasilan pengendalian hipertensi, salah satunya dipengaruhi oleh dukungan keluarga. Dukungan keluarga merupakan bentuk interaksi antar anggota keluarga yang dapat memberikan kenyamanan fisik dan psikologis. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendapatkan pemahaman mendalam mengenai arti dan makna dukungan keluarga terhadap penderita hipertensi. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain fenomenologi deskriptif. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan wawancara mendalam. Partisipan dalam penelitian ini adalah keluarga yang mempunyai anggota keluarga menderita hipertensi yang tinggal di wilayah Kebonsari Surabaya. Data yang dikumpulkan adalah rekaman wawancara yang dibuat transkrip verbatim serta dianalisa menggunakan aplikasi Open Code 4.0. Hasil penelitian ini adalah teridentifikasi 4 tema yaitu Respon psikologis emosional, Dukungan finansial, Dukungan instrumen dan Harapan keluarga. Peningkatan pengetahuan dan peran serta keluarga sangat diperlukan untuk penderita hipertensi dalam mengendalikan tekanan darah

 

 

 

ABSTRACT

 

Hypertension is a degenerative disease that is often found in society and often appears without symptoms. Hypertension will become a serious problem if it is not managed properly, because it will develop and cause dangerous complications. The successfull of controlling hypertension is influenced by family support. Family support is a form of interaction between family members that can provide physical and psychological comfort. The purpose of this study was to gain an in-depth understanding of the meaning and meaning of family support for hypertensive sufferers. This study used a descriptive phenomenology design. Data collection was carried out by in-depth interviews. Participants in this study are families who have family members suffering from hypertension who live in the Kebonsari area of ​​Surabaya. The data collected were recorded interviews made with verbatim transcripts and analyzed using the Open Code 4.0 application. The results of this study identified 4 themes, namely emotional psychological response, financial support, instrument support and family expectations. Increased knowledge and family participation is needed for people with hypertension in controlling blood pressure.
THE EFFECTIVENESS OF COUNSELING THROUGH AUDIO VISUAL MEDIA USING ANIMATION VIDEO ON COMPLIANCE OF IRON TABLETS (FE) CONSUMPTION IN PREGNANT WOMEN AT WORKING AREA OF TANJUNG MORAWA COMMUNITY HEALTH CENTER IN 2020
Authors: Saadah Khairiatu , Sianturi Efendi
Published: April 2021

The results of Basic Health Research (Riskesdas) issued by the Health Research and Development Agency (Baritbankes) of the Indonesian Ministry of Health in 2018 stated that the prevalence of anemia in pregnant women in Indonesia was 48.9%. In North Sumatra, blood tests were carried out on pregnant women from 9,377 pregnant women in three cities, namely Medan, Pematang Siantar and Kisaran. 33% of them had anemia. One of the causes of anemia in pregnancy is iron deficiency.

The type of research used was pre-experiment with One Group Pretest-Posttest Design. In this study, using purposive sampling technique, namely 34 pregnant women.

Adherence is the level of patients carrying out the treatment and behavior suggested by their doctor or by others. Meanwhile, the compliance with taking blood-supplemented tablets is a behavior where pregnant women support the iron supplementation program carried out by the government to prevent anemia in pregnant women.

Based on the results of the research discussion entitled "Effectiveness of Extension through Audio Visual Media Using Animation Videos on Compliance with the Consumption of Iron (Fe) Tablets in Pregnant Women in the Work Area of ??the Tanjung Morawa community Health Center in 2020, it can be concluded that the compliance of respondents before being given counseling was the majority as obedient as 22 respondents ( 35.3%) and the compliance of respondents after being given counseling was the majority obedient as many as 29 respondents (85.3%), and the effectiveness of counseling through audio-visual media using animation videos on compliance with consuming iron tablets (Fe) in pregnant women in the work area of ?? Tanjung Morawa community health center in 2020 after being given counseling with the results of the T test paired sample T-test, it was obtained that sig 2 tailed was 0.000 (p value) <0.05. And it is hoped that the next researchers will develop this research using other media
ISOLASI SELULOSA DARI TONGKOL JAGUNG SEBAGAI BAHAN PENGISI PEMBUATAN TABLET KLORFENIRAMIN MALEAT CETAK LANGSUNG
Authors: Tarigan Adil Makmur , Panjaitan Rosnike Merly , Tampubolon Antetti
Published: April 2021

Biomassa secara sempit didefenisikan sebagai bahan (material) yang berasal dari tumbuhan terestrial (darat).Biomassa tumbuhan sebagian besar berupa biomassa lignoselulosa yang tersusun dari selulosa, hemiselulosa,dan lignin. Selain itu pectin, protein, lemak dan abu yang terdapat dalam jumlah kecil. Salah satu biomassalignoselulosa adalah limbah tongkol jagung. Tongkol jagung merupakan bahan berlignoselulosa dengankadar serat 49,99% berpotensi sebagai sumber bahan baku pembuatan selulosa. Derivat selulosa merupakaneksipien yang penting dalam farmasi. Salah satu turunan selulosa adalah selulosa mikrokristal yangdiperdagangan dikenal dengan nama Avicel yang sering digunakan sebagai bahan pembantu pembuatantablet. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengisolasi selulosa dari tongkol jagung dan menggunakannya sebagai bahanpembantu pembuatan tablet Klorfeniramin Maleat (tablet CTM) cetak langsung. Tablet Klorfeniramin Maleat(tablet CTM) yang dibuat dengan bahan pembantu selulosa dari tonggkol jagung dibandingkan dengan tabletCTM yang dibuat dari Avicel dan tablet CTM yang beredar dipasar. Data persyaratan evaluasi tablet menurutFarmakope Indonesia Edisi IV diuji dengan SPSS for Windos 16 dengan mencari nilai uji kesamaan rata-rata.Isolasi selulosa dari tongkol jagung dengan proses maserasi dengan etanol kemudian dihidrolisamenggunakan asam klorida. Selulosa diperoleh 49,39 % dengan optimum asam klorida konsentrasi 7%.Selulosa Tongkol Jagung dapat digunakan sebagai bahan pembantu pembuatan tablet Klorfeniramin Maleat(tablet CTM) cetak langsung. Tidak ada perbedaan yang bermakna (? = 0,05) antara Selulosa tongkol jagunghasil ekstraksi dengan asam klorida 7% dengan Avicel sebagai bahan pembantu pembuatan tabletKlorfeniramin Maleat (tablet CTM) cara cetak langsung.
KARAKTERISTIK KARSINOMA SEL SKUAMOSA RONGGA MULUT
Authors: Ginting Rehulina , Betty Betty , Michelle Michelle
Published: April 2021

Karsinoma sel skuamosa (KSS) adalah tumor ganas yang berasal dari sel epitel skuamosa dan merupakansalah satu jenis kanker ditemukan pada mukosa rongga mulut. Insidensi KSS sekitar 90% dari seluruh jeniskeganasan yang terdapat pada rongga mulut dan frekuensi KSS rongga mulut di Indonesia mencapai 3-5%dari seluruh kanker organ tubuh lainnya. KSS dapat diklasifikasi berdasarkan morfologi karakteristikjaringannya, dimana dibagi kepada tiga jenis yaitu KSS berdiferensiasi baik, sedang dan buruk. Tujuanpenelitian ini adalah untuk melihat karakteristik morfologi KSS rongga mulut berdasarkan jenisdiferensiasinya. Rancangan penelitian ini merupakan deskriptif dengan cara cross sectional terhadap 30sampel blok parafin yang terdiagnosa sebagai KSS rongga mulut yang diperoleh dari Laboratorium PatologiAnatomi FK USU/RSUP Haji Adam Malik Medan tahun 2009-2013, dan dilakukan pewarnaanHematoxylin-Eosin (HE). Preparat diamati di bawah mikroskop cahaya Olympus CX21. Hasil penelitianmenunjukkan KSS berdiferensiasi baik (63%), KSS berdiferensiasi sedang (37%), dan tidak ditemukan KSSberdiferensiasi buruk. Kesimpulan penelitian ini menunjukkan KSS berdiferensiasi baik lebih banyakdibandingkan KSS berdiferensiasi sedang, dan tidak ditemukan KSS berdiferensiasi buruk.
REBUSAN HERBA ILER (Coleus atropurpureus (L) Benth) DAPAT MENURUNKAN SUHU TUBUH MERPATI
Authors: Mambang D. Elysa Putri
Published: April 2021

Secara tradisional tanaman obat yang digunakan sebagai obat penurun panas adalah herba iler (Coleus atropurpureus (L) Benth). Herba iler mengandung alkaloid, flavonoid, saponin, etil salisilat, metil eugenol, timol, karvakrol, mineral, minyak atsiri dan tanin. Namun, secara khusus herba iler mengandung alkaloid, saponin dan flavonoid yang memiliki efek farmakologi sebagai penurun panas (antipiretik). Selain untuk demam herba iler juga berkhasiat mengobati ambeien, diabetes melitus, diare, terlambat datang bulan dan bisul. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efek antipiretik rebusan herba iler terhadap merpati sebagai hewan percobaan. Rebusan pada penelitian ini adalah sediaan cair yang dibuat secara merebus herba iler dengan air pada suhu 90 ºC selama 30 menit. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimental, dimana hewan uji yang digunakan adalah 18 ekor merpati, yang terbagi dalam 6 kelompok dan masing-masing kelompok terdiri dari 3 ekor merpati. Kelompok 1 diberikan sirup Paracetamol dosis 45 mg/kg BB, kelompok 2 diberikan rebusan herba iler (15%) dosis sama dengan sirup Paracetamol, kelompok 3 diberikan rebusan herba iler (10%) dosis sama dengan sirup Paracetamol, kelompok 4 diberikan rebusan herba iler (5%) dosis sama dengan sirup Paracetamol, kelompok 5 diberikan aquadest dan kelompok 6 sebagai kontrol (tidak diberi apa-apa). Merpati kelompok 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 dan 6 diukur suhu tubuhnya setiap 10 menit selama 3 jam. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan rebusan herba iler dapat menurunkan suhu tubuh merpati dengan konsentrasi 5% pada menit ke 160 , konsentrasi 10% pada menit ke 140, konsentrasi 15% pada menit ke 130, dan sirup Paracetamol pada menit ke 90. Rebusan herba iler konsentrasi 15%, 10% dan 5% memiliki daya antipiretik yang lebih rendah dari sirup Paracetamol pada merpati. Semakin tinggi konsentrasi rebusan herba iler maka semakin tinggi pula daya antipiretik yang diberikan.
GAMBARAN PENGETAHUAN, SIKAP DAN TINDAKAN PASANGAN USIA SUBUR TENTANG KONTRASEPSI HORMONAL DI DESA BARU KECAMATAN PANCUR BATU
Authors: Masrah Masrah
Published: April 2021

Indonesia merupakan salah satu negara berkembang dengan jumlah penduduk yang tinggi. Salah satu usaha menurunkan jumlah penduduk dengan program keluarga berencana, diantaranya dengan menggunakan alat kontrasepsi hormonal yang terdiri dari pil, suntik dan implant. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui gambaran pengetahuan, sikap dan tindakan Pasangan Usia Subur (PUS) tentang kontrasepsi hormonal di Desa Baru Kecamatan Pancur Batu. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode survei deskriptif dengan cara pengambilan sampel simple random sampling. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah 1.027 PUS dan jumlah responden 87 PUS. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tingkat pengetahuan pasangan usia subur (PUS) di Desa Baru tentang kontrasepsi hormonal termasuk dalam kategori baik (81,95%), tingkat sikap baik (83,82%), dan tingkat tindakan cukup baik (70,34%). Disarankan kepada tenaga penyuluh kesehatan atau kader kesehatan pada instansi kesehatan setempat yaitu puskesmas melalui posyandu untuk mempertahankan dan meningkatkan promosi program KB secara umum dan kontrasepsi hormonal secara khusus agar PUS memiliki pengetahuan, sikap dan tindakan yang baik terhadap kontrasepsi hormonal
EFFECTIVENESS OF THERAPEUTIC COMMUNICATION TO THE ANXIETY OF PATIENT WITH CHEMOTERAPHY OF NASOPHARING CANCER IN CHEMOTERAPHY OF NASOPHARING CANCER IN CHEMOTHERAPY ROOM OF RSUD Dr. PIRNGADI MEDAN OF 2016
Authors: Silalahi Elny Lorensi , Sidabutar Asmi Naomi
Published: April 2021

Anxiety occurred when patient dealing directly to the threat of health and prosperity. Chemotherapy is classification of medical therapy that cause anxiety because there is threat on the physics and spiritual integrity of anyone. The anxiety is caused by fear, frustration, conflict or general respond to the pressure and unfamiliarity (the lack of information/communication from the nurse). The formulation of problem : is there effectiveness of therapeutic communication to the anxiety level of patient in take of NPC chemotherapy in chemotherapy room of RSUD Dr. Pirngadi Medan of 2016. The objective of this research is to study effectiveness of therapeutic communication to the anxiety level to the patient with NPC chemotherapy at RSUD Dr. Pirngadi Medan in 2016. This research is Quasy Experimental with one group Pretest-Posttest design in which on this design there is pretest, before comunication and posttest after communication and observed by questionnaire. The sample procedure in this research is accidental sampling. Based on result of research it indicates that majority after the therapeutic communication, the data without anxiety is 6 persons (60%) and the mild anxiety for 3 persons (30%) and medium anxiety for 1 person (10%).
PERBANDINGAN NILAI KEKERASAN PERMUKAAN ENAMEL PADA PERENDAMAN OBAT KUMUR CENGKEH DENGAN DAN TANPA PENAMBAHAN SALIVA BUATAN
Authors: Lindawati Yumi , Novia Novia
Published: April 2021

Nowadays herbal mouthwash is widely consumed by the society, one of which is mouthwash containing cloves. Cloves contain minerals such as calcium and phosphorus which can help the remineralization of enamel. Mouthwash containing clove oil has antibacterial, antimicrobial effects, and can inhibit decalcification of enamel. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of immersion in clove mouthwash and the effect of of immersion in clove mouthwash with addition of artificial saliva on the hardness of enamel surface after immersion in commercial orange juice. It was a laboratory experimental pre-posttest control group design. Thirty two permanent maxillary first premolar extracted for orthodontic reason which qualify inclusion and exclusion criteria were used in this study. All samples were immersed in commercial orange juice for 5 minutes for demineralization then they were divided into group of clove mouthwash immersion without addition of artificial saliva and group of clove mouthwash immersion with addition of artificial. The surface enamel hardness before immersion, after immersed in commercial orange juice and after immersed in clove mouthwash of each sample was measured using Microvickers Hardness Tester FM-800. The results of the research that has been tested with Paired T-Test showed a significant decrease (p<0,05) of surface enamel hardness in clove mouthwash immersion without addition of artificial saliva group, while the group of clove mouthwash immersion with addition of artificial saliva showed a significant increase (p<0,05) of surface enamel hardness. The conclusion of this research showed that the value of enamel hardness is higher with the addition of artificial saliva than without addition of artificial saliva in clove mouthwash.
HUBUNGAN PENGETAHUAN DENGAN SIKAP PEREMPUAN PREMENOPAUSE MENGHADAPI PERUBAHAN PADA MASA MENOPAUSE DI KELURAHAN BULURAN KENALI KOTA JAMBI TAHUN 2016
Authors: Diniyati Diniyati , Heryani Neny , Herwani Nelly
Published: April 2021

Setiap perempuan akan mengalami menopause, pada saat menjelang menopause akan terjadi perubahan dalam tubuh seperti gejala vasomotor yang disebabkan ketidakseimbangan antara hormon estrogen dan progesteron sehingga akan mengganggu psikososial, fisik, dan seksual pada perempuan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan pengetahuan dengan sikap perempuan premenopause dalam menghadapi perubahan pada masa menopause. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif dengan pendekatan crossectional. Metode pengambilan sampel dengan stratifait random sampling. Dengan jumlah sampel 100 orang. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah kuesioner . analisa dengan menggunakan chai square. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan responden yang memiliki pengetahuan baik 24%, cukup 74%, kurang 2%. Responden yang memiliki pengetahuan baik dan sikap positif 24%, cukup 71%, kurang 1% sedangkan yang memiliki pengetahuan cukup dan sikap negati 4%. Tidak ada hubungan antara pengetahuan dan sikap (p= 0,5). Diharapkan bagi keluarga selalu mendukung kegiatan positif pada perempuan menjelang menopause agar dapat menjalani masa premenopaue dengan baik dan dapat berperilaku secara wajar dengan menerima bahwa hal tersebut adalah masa yang dapat dilalui dengan tenang dan bahagia.
ANALISA KADAR BESI (Fe) PADA BAYAM HIJAU SESUDAH PEREBUSAN DENGAN MASA SIMPAN 1 JAM 3 JAM DAN 5 JAM
Authors: Nasution Sri Bulan
Published: April 2021

Bayam (Amaranthus) dianggap sebagai raja sayuran karena kandungan gizinya yang tinggi. Bayam banyak mengandung vitamin, kalsium, fosfor dan besi. Zat besi yang berupa ferro (Fe2+) dalam bayam yang terlalu lama berinteraksi dengan udara (teroksidasi) maka bisa berubah menjadi ferri (Fe3+). Walau keduanya samasama zat besi, ferro (Fe2+) adalah zat besi yang bermanfaat, sedangkan ferri (Fe3+) bersifat racun bagi tubuh kita Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menentukan kadar besi total pada bayam hijau sesudah perebusan dengan masa simpan 1 jam, 3 jam dan 5 jam. Angka kecukupan besi sehari yang dianjurkan berdasarkan Widyakarta Nasional Pangan dan Gizi (2004) untuk pria berumur 19-29 tahun adalah 13 mg dan untuk wanita berumur 19-29 tahun adalah 26 mg. Kadar besi pada rebusan bayam hijau ditentukan dengan metode kuantitatif yaitu mengukur kadar besi (Fe) pada bayam hijau sesudah perebusan dengan masa simpan 1 jam, 3 jam dan 5 jam. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada laboratorium kimia air dinas kesehatan provinsi sumatera utara upt. Laboratorium kesehatan daerah jalan william iskandar pasar v barat I no.4 medan. Metode destruksi basah menggunakan alat spektrofotometer serapan atom. Dari hasil penelitian diperoleh kadar besi pada bayam hijau sesudah perebusan dengan masa simpan 1 jam, 3 jam dan 5 jam adalah 29,59 mg/kg; 29,54 mg/kg; 29,46 mg/kg. Kadar besi yang terdapat pada rebusan bayam hijau memiliki kadar besi yang hampir sama. Diharapkan kepada masyarakat sebaiknya mengkonsumsi sayur bayam sekali makan dan tidak dianjurkan untuk dipanaskan. Rebusan bayam hijau sebaiknya menggunakan sedikit air dan dimasak menggunakan panci alumunium.
PENGETAHUAN HIV/AIDS PADA REMAJA DI KELAS XI SMA NEGERI 1 DOLOK PANRIBUAN
Authors: Khodijah Dodoh
Published: April 2021

Resiko penularan HIV/AIDs di Indonesia, 80% disebabkan oleh tranmisi seksual tidak aman atau bergantiganti pasangan seksual tanpa menggunakan kondom. ILO mencatat lebih dari 80% kasus HIV berada di usia produktif 15-49 tahun dan diprediksi 1 dari 25 orang berusia 15-49 tahun terinfeksi HIV, hanya 11,4% penduduk umur 15-24 tahun yang memiliki pengetahuan benar dan komprehensif tentang HIV/AIDs.Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui Gambaran Pengetahuan HIV/AIDs pada Remaja di kelas XISMA Negeri 1 Dolok Panribuan. Metode: Rancangan penelitian deskriptif untuk mengetahui gambaranpengetahuan HIV AIDs pada remaja di SMA Negeri 1 Dolok Panribuan. Sampel sebanyak 60 orang kelasXI SMA Negeri 1 Dolok Panribuan. Data dikumpulkan dengan menggunakan kuesioner tertutup. Analisis data dengan menggunakan distribusi frekwensi. Hasil: Hanya sebesar (21%) remaja mempunyaipengetahuan yang baik tentang HIV/AIDs. Distribusi remaja berdasarkan jenis kelamin mempunyaijumlah yang hamper sama yaitu perempuan : laki-laki ( 51,7%) : ( 48,3%). Sebanyak (48,3%)memperoleh informasi dengan sumber yang baik. Kesimpulan: Pengetahuan remaja tentangHIV/AIDs masih rendah di SMA Negeri 1 Dolok Panribuan.
GAMBARAN KEBERSIHAN TANGAN DAN KUKU DENGAN INFEKSI ENTEROBIASIS PADA SISWA SEKOLAH DASAR DI KOTA MEDAN
Authors: Salbiah Salbiah
Published: April 2021

Enterobius vermicularis adalah Nematoda usus yang sering dijumpai pada anak-anak, penyakitnya disebut Enterobiasis. Penularannya dapat terjadi pada suatu keluarga atau kelompok-kelompok yang hidup dalam satu lingkungan yang sama. Keadaan higiene perorangan yang kurang akan meningkatkan prevalensi infeksi kecacingan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui Gambaran Higiene Tangan Dan Kuku dan Infeksi Enterobiasis Pada Siswa SDN 060818 Jalan M. Nawi Harahap Kecamatan Medan Kota. Metode yang digunakan adalah Metode survey deskriptif dengantekhnik anal swab. Populasi penelitian adalah sebanyak 125 siswa. Sampel penelitian berdasarkan rumus sebanyak 40 siswa. Pengumpulan data diambil dari kuesioner dan pemeriksaan swab. Pengolahan data dilakukan secara manual dan disajikan dalam bentuk tabel frekuensi. Hasil wawancara melalui kuesioner ditemukan 21 siswa (52,5%) yang higiene perorangannya dalam kategori baik dan 19 siswa (47,5%) yang higiene perorangannya buruk. Pemeriksaan telur cacing atau cacing dilaboratorium didapatkan sebanyak 16 siswa (40%) yang positif terinfeksi Enterobius Vermicularis dan 24 siswa (60%) yang negatif. Berdasarkan jenis kelamin siswa, siswa laki-laki yang terinfeksiyaitu sebanyak 11 siswa (27,5%), dan siswa perempuan sebanyak 5 siswa (12,5%) yang terinfeksi Enterobius vermicularis. Berdasarkan kelas yang positif terinfeksi E.Vermicularis, kelas I 4 siswa (10%), kelas II 6 siswa (15%), kelas III 2 siswa (5%), kelas IV 3 siswa (7,5%), kelas V 1 siswa (2,5%)..
GAMBARAN PENGETAHUAN IBU TENTANG PEMBERIAN SUSU FORMULA DENGAN TERJADINYA KARIES ANAK PADA USIA 3-5 TAHUN DI DESA SENA PERUMAHAN CENDANA ASRI KEC. BATANG KUIS TAHUN 2016
Authors: Rosma Manta , Simaremare Susy adrianelly
Published: April 2021

Susu formula merupakan pengganti makanan tambahan sering diberikan untuk memenuhi kebutuhan karbohidrat anak. Kebiasaan anak minum susu formula dengan menggunakan botol saat menjelang tidur dapat menyebabkan karies gigi. Laktosa dalam sisa susu yang tergenang dalam mulut sepanjang malam akan mengalami proses hidrolisa oleh bakteri plak menjadi asam. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif dengan Metode survey. Sampel penelitian ini adalah ibu dari anak usia 3-5 tahun yang mengkonsumsi susu formula di Desa Sena Perumahan Cendana Asri Kec. Batang Kuis yang berjumlah 30 orang.Data pengetahuan tentang pemberian susu fomula dapat diperoleh dari kuesioner yang dibagikan kepada seluruh sampel, sedangkan data karies gigi diperoleh dari hasil pemeriksaan gigi. Hasil penelitian tingkat pengetahuan ibu dengan kriteria baik yaitu 33,3% (10 orang) dengan karies gigi anak 6,7% (2 orang) dan yang tidak karies 26,7% (8 orang), kriteria sedang yaitu 30% (9 orang) dengan karies gigi anak 26,7% (8 orang) dan yang tidak karies 3,3% (1 orang), sedangkan kriteria buruk yaitu 36,7% (11 orang) dengan karies gigi anak 33,3% (10 orang) dan yang tidak karies 3,3% (1 orang). Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa tingkat pengetahuan ibu tentang pemberian susu formula sangat berpengaruh dengan terjadinya karies anak. Diharapkan kepada ibu-ibu balita agar memperhatikan pemberian susu formula pada anak agar gigi sehat dan tidak ada peningkatan karies gigi yang semakin parah lagi.
PENGARUH PEMBERIAN ASI EKSKLUSIF DENGAN KEJADIAN ISPA PADA ANAK BATITA DI PUSKESMAS SINGOSARI KOTA PEMATANGSIANTAR
Authors: Sirait Sri Hernawati
Published: April 2021

Pendahuluan: Infeksi Saluran Pernafasan Akut (ISPA) merupakan penyebab terpenting morbiditas dan mortalitas pada anak. Kelompok usia 6 - 23 bulan adalah kelompok umur yang paling rentan untuk mengalami ISPA. Berdasarkan World Health Organization (WHO) dan Departemen Kesehatan Indonesia tahun 2008, pneumonia yang merupakan salah satu jenis ISPA adalah penyebab paling banyak kematian balita di dunia dan juga di Indonesia. Penyakit ISPA menduduki peringkat pertama dari 10 penyakit terbesar rawat jalan di Puskesmas Singosari Pematangsiantar. Terdapat 1.569 kasus ISPA untuk semua golongan umur. ISPA di Puskesmas Singosari pada bayi usia 6 - 23 bulan dari bulan Januari 2013 hingga Februari 2014 terdapat 296 kasus. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian ASI eksklusif dengan kejadian ISPA pada anak batita di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Singosari Kota Pematangsiantar.     Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian ASI eksklusif dengan kejadian ISPA pada  anak batita. Metode: Jenis penelitian analitik observasional dengan rancangan penelitian kohort retrosfektif. Populasi adalah seluruh anak batita yang berkunjung ke Puskesmas Singosari dari bulan Januari 2013 - Februari 2014 sebanyak 382 kasus di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Singosari Pematangsiantar dengan kriteria inklusi dalam penelitian ini yaitu : Anak batita yang datang berobat ke Puskesmas, Responden bertempat tinggal di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Singosari dan Kriteria eksklusi dalam penapisan ini, yaitu : Anak yang menderita penyakit kronis dan Anak yang  menderita gizi buruk. Metode pengambilan sampel dengan Simple Random Sampling didapat sampel sebanyak 79 orang anak batita penderita ISPA.  Analisis bivariat dilakukan dengan  uji chi square dengan tingkat kemaknaan p < 0,05. Hasil: Ada pengaruh pemberian ASI eksklusif dengan kejadian ISPA, hasil uji statistik chi-square didapat nilai p = 0,002. Karakteristik anak dengan kejadian ISPA yang berhubungan yaitu anggota keluarga yang merokok, dengan nilai p=0.005. Saran: Diharapkan ibu-ibu yang memiliki batita untuk dapat memperhatikan atau menambah gizi pada anaknya dan memperhatikan kelengkapan imunisasinya dan kepada petugas kesehatan diharapkan dapat meningkatkan cakupan ASI eksklusif diperlukan  monitoring langsung dari bidan terhadap ibu nifas untuk memberikan ASI eksklusif.