bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Geographic Disparities in Saskatchewan Prostate Cancer Incidence and its Association with Physician Density: Analysis Using Bayesian Models.
Authors: Andkhoie Mustafa , Szafron Michael
Published: April 2021

Background: Saskatchewan has one of the highest incidence of prostate cancer (PCa) in Canada. This study assesses if geographic factors in Saskatchewan, including location of where patients live and physician density are affecting the PCa incidence. First, the objective of this study is to estimate the PCa standardized incidence ratio (SIRs) in Saskatchewan stratified by PCa risk-level. Second, this study identifies clusters of higher than and lower than expected PCa SIRs in Saskatchewan. Lastly, this study identifies the association (if any) between family physician density and estimated PCa SIRs in Saskatchewan. Methods: First, using Global Moran’s I, Local Moran’s I, and the Kuldorff’s Spatial Scan Statistic, the study identifies clusters of PCa stratified by risk-levels. Then this study estimates the SIRs of PCa and its association with family physician density in Saskatchewan using the Besag, York, and Mollie (BYM) Bayesian method.Results: Higher than expected clusters of crude estimated SIR for metastatic PCa were identified in north-east Saskatchewan and lower than expected clusters were identified in south-east Saskatchewan. Areas in north-west Saskatchewan have lower than expected crude estimated SIRs for both intermediate-risk and low-risk PCa. Family physician density was negatively associated with SIRs of metastatic PCa (IRR: 0.935 [CrI: 0.880 to 0.998]) and SIRs of high-risk PCa (IRR: 0.927 [CrI: 0.880 to 0.975]). Conclusions: This study identifies the geographical disparities in risk-stratified PCa incidence in Saskatchewan. The study identifies areas with a lower family physician density have a higher-than-expected incidences of metastatic and high-risk PCa. Hence policies to increase the number of physicians should ensure an equitable geographic distribution of primary care physicians to support early detection of diseases, including PCa.
Decreased Prevalence of the Plasmodium Falciparum Pfcrt K76T and Pfmdr1 N86Y Mutations Post- Chloroquine Treatment Withdrawal in Katete District, Eastern Zambia
Authors: Mwenda Mulenga Chilumba , Sitali Lungowe , Ciubotariu Ilinca , Hawela Moonga B , Hamainza Busiku , Mharakurwa Sungano
Published: April 2021

Background: In 2002, Zambia withdrew chloroquine as first line treatment for Plasmodium falciparum malaria due to increased treatment failure and world-wide spread of chloroquine resistance. The artemisinin combination regimen artemether-lumefantrine replaced chloroquine as first choice malaria treatment. The present study determined the prevalence of chloroquine resistance molecular markers in the malaria parasite Pfcrt and Pfmdr1 genes in Eastern Zambia at nine and thirteen years after the removal of drug pressure.Methods: We assayed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLP) the prevalence of the genetic mutations, K76T on the Pfcrt gene and N86Y on the Pfmdr1 gene in samples collected from Katete District during drug therapeutic efficacy assessments conducted in 2012 and 2016.Results: A total of 204 P. falciparum positive samples from 2012 and 2016 were further analysed for Pfcrt K76T and Pfmdr1 N86Y. 112 P. falciparum infected samples collected in 2012 were successfully amplified for Pfcrt and Pfmdr1, while 69 (65.7%) and 72 (68.6%) samples from 2016 were successfully amplified for Pfcrt and Pfmdr1. In 2012, the prevalence of Pfcrt 76K was 97.3%, 76T was 1.8%, and 0.8% had both 76K and 76T codons. The prevalence of Pfmdr1 86N was 97.9% and 86Y was 2.1%. In the 2016 samples, the prevalence of the respective parasite genotypes was 100% Pfcrt 76K and Pfmdr1 86N.Conclusion: This study shows that there was a complete recovery of chloroquine-sensitive parasites by 2016 in Katete District, thirteen years following the withdrawal of CQ. These findings add to the body of evidence for a fitness cost in chloroquine-resistant P. falciparum in Zambia and elsewhere. Further studies are recommended to explore the feasibility of integration of the former best antimalarial in combination therapy in the future.
Regional comparative analysis of factors that may delay child-birth for at least 10 months among women in Ghana after marriage
Authors: Iddrisu Abdul-Karim , Adams Mustapha , Odametey Akuye-Shika , Mensah Nana Kofi , Kwotua Paul A.
Published: April 2021

Introduction: Infertility or difficulty related to conception and childbirth is still a global health concern including Ghana. Infertility or child-birth associated difficulties after marriage can lead to divorce. However, risk factors associated with child-birth difficulties are often difficult to detect by both the Gynaecologist and the couple involved. This makes proposing solutions to issues related to child-birth usually unsuccessful.Methods: This study seeks to identify risk factors associated with child-birth among married women in Ghana. This was achieved by using a logistic regression model for the dichotomous birth length (birth within 10 months or after 10 months in marriage) variable, adjusting for risk factors of birth length. The data used for the study were obtained from the 2014 Ghana Demographic and Health Survey, consisting of 5,004 complete cases. Statistical analyses were carried out using STATA version 14.1, best-fitting model selected from candidate models using their respective Akaike Information Criterion or Bayesian Information Criterion and the predictive power of such model determined using the Receiver Operating Characteristic curve.Results: Respondents with Akan ethnic background are less likely to deliver their first child after 10 months of marriage, wives who reported that beating is justified if she goes out without her husband's notice are more likely to give birth to their first child after 10 months of marriage, wives who reported that beating is justified when she burns food are less likely to give birth to their first child after 10 months of marriage. A unit increase in the age of respondent at first sex at first cohabitation decreases the likelihood of giving birth to the first child after 10 months in marriage. Rich and middle-class wives are more likely to give birth after 10 months in marriage.Discussion and Conclusions: For wives to conceive within 10 months of marriage, wives and husbands should or are encouraged to have frequent sex, any negative social behavior or policies must be discouraged. Husbands should openly express their desire and love for their children since this increases the likelihood of wives desire to give birth. This leads to frequent sex, which then reduces conception time, and hence, child-birth within the shortest possible time.
Oridonin Improves the Therapeutic Effect of Lentinan on Lung Cancer
Authors: Gui Yun , Cheng Jing , Chen Zhiguo
Published: April 2021

Oridonin, a compound from Rabdosia rubescens, has been shown to have a potency for the improvement of the antitumor effect of lentinan (LNT). In this study, we tested the effect of oridonin, LNT, and the combination of them on a normal human fetal lung fibroblast cell line MRC-5 and non-small cell lung cancer cell line A549. Then we tested their effects on metastasis and survival with a lung cancer mice model. The effects of them on the mRNA and protein expression of several regulatory factors in A549 and lung tissue were determined by QPCR and western blotting. Results showed that the viability of MRC-5 and A549 were not affected by 0-20 µg/ml oridonin. 0-300 µg/ml LNT did not affect the viability of MRC-5, but 50-400 µg/ml LNT inhibited the viability of A549. 20 µg/ml oridonin and 100 or 300 µg/ml LNT were used in the subsequent study. The oridonin, LNT, or the combination of both had no effect on MRC-5 cell viability. The oridonin had no effect on A549 cell viability but LNT suppressed A549 cell viability, and oridonin promoted the suppression of LNT on A549 cells. In vivo study showed that oridonin alone had no effect on metastasis and survival but LNT decreased metastasis and survival in mice. Oridonin improved the suppression of LNT against metastasis and further improved the survival rate. In both A549 and lung tissues, LNT increased the mRNA and protein expression of caspase-3, caspase-8, caspase-9, Bax, p53, p21, and IκB-α, reduced mRNA and protein expressions of Bcl-2 and NF-κB. Oridonin enhanced all the effects of LNT on cells. Our study demonstrated that oridonin enhanced the antitumor effects of LNT and is conducive to the development of oridonin and LNT as a novel cancer drug regimen.
Gastrin-17 Combined With CEA, CA12-5 and CA19-9 Improves the Sensitivity For the Diagnosis of Gastric Cancer
Authors: Wang Zhen , Mo Tang-ming , Tian Lei , Chen Jun-qiang
Published: April 2021

Background: Previous studies reported the utility of serum tumor markers (such as CEA, CA12-5 and CA19-9) and gastrin-17 in the diagnosis of gastric cancer (GC). However, the value of these serum markers for diagnosing GC is still under debate.Methods: The level of CEA, CA12-5, CA19-9 and gastrin-17 was tested in 230 GC patients and 99 healthy people. The value of the four markers for diagnosing GC was analyzed.Results: The positive rate of Gastrin-17, CEA, CA199 and CA125 were much higher in GC group (22.61%, 22.61%, 20.00% and 8.26%, respectively) than that of healthy control group (5.05%, 2.02%, 1.01% and 2.02%, respectively). The sensitivity of Gastrin-17, CEA, CA125 and CA199 in the diagnosis of GC were 22.61%, 22.61%, 6.96% and 20.00%, respectively, and the corresponding specificity were 94.95%, 97.98%, 98.99% and 98.99%, respectively. By using the optimal cut-off value derived from the area under curve (AUC) of receiver operating characteristic curve, the AUC of gastin-17, CEA, CA125, CA199 increased to 0.72, 0.64, 0.61 and 0.65, respectively. After combining the four markers, the AUC increased to 0.79 (95% CI: 0.75-0.84), and the corresponding sensitivity and specificity were 65.22% (95% CI: 58.70% - 71.40%) and 84.85% (95% CI: 76.20% - 91.30%), respectively.Conclusion: CEA, CA12-5, CA19-9 and gastrin-17 were all valuable in the diagnosis of GC, and gastrin-17 had the best diagnostic value among the four markers. Gastrin-17 combined with CEA, CA12-5 and CA19-9 could improve the diagnostic value of GC significantly. Prospective, multi-center studies are needed to validate our findings.
Marital Status is an Independent Prognostic Factor in 7 Sites of Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Propensity-Adjusted SEER Database Analysis
Authors: Xu Ji-li , Guo Yong
Published: April 2021

Background: Marital status has been proved as an independent prognostic factor in many cancer types. However, no detailed investigation of marital status on squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) has been evaluated. The aim of this essay is to explore the relationship between marital status and SCC in 7 tumor sites. Methods: All patients diagnosed with SCC were collected from the SEER database (1975-2016). We analyzed the survival of all included SCC patients in four marital status. We utilized propensity-score matching analysis to balance baseline characteristics between married and unmarried SCC patients in 7 tumor sites. The influence of marital status on overall survival (OS) in each site was performed by Cox regression analysis.Results: A total of 180009 SCC patients were involved in this study. After propensity-score matching, patients in the married group were 1:1 matched with patients in the unmarried group for each sites. Married group exhibited higher 5- year OS rate than unmarried group (27.3% vs 19.8%). More precisely, being divorced and widowed were observed to be related to have worse survival than single patients in most sites. Furthermore, patients with clinical stage IV were more common in the unmarried group which having a lower proportion of receiving treatment. Conclusions: This study indicated that marital status was a significant factor for OS of SCC in 7 tumor sites. Married patients always behaved more favorable than unmarried including single, divorced, and widowed patients.
Relationship Between Preoperative Neutrophil-Lymphocyte and Platelet-Lymphocyte Ratios in the Probable Diagnosis of Malignant or Borderline Ovarian Tumors
Authors: Yoon Tae Hui , Cho Eun Byeol , Seol Ki Ho , Ryu Jung Min , Choi Youn Seok
Published: April 2021

Background: The purpose of this study was to investigate whether neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) can be supplementary tools to differentiate benign, borderline, and malignant ovarian tumors.Methods: This retrospective study reviewed the postoperative histopathology in patients with ovarian tumors (220 benign, 59 borderline, and 228 malignant). White blood cell, platelet, neutrophil and lymphocyte counts, percentage of neutrophils and lymphocytes, calculated NLR and PLR were analyzed between groups using complete blood count tests performed before surgery. Results: The platelet count and PLR in borderline ovarian tumors tended to be statistically close to benign ovarian tumors, while the neutrophil and lymphocyte count, NLR tended to be statistically close to malignancy. The diagnostic cut-off value of NLR for differentiating between benign and borderline was 2.42, PLR for differentiating between borderline and malignancy was 140.96. When the NLR was 2.4 or higher, the odds ratio of borderline or malignant risk was 3.264. In the case of PLR, 140 or higher, the odds ratio of malignancy was 1.916. When both PLR and NLR were above each cut-off, the sensitivity of malignancy diagnosis was 51.5%, specificity was 77.0%. Conclusions: In the case of borderline ovarian tumors, the NLR was higher than benign and similarly tend to malignancy, but the PLR was lower than malignancy and similarly tend to benign. We suggest that the NLR and PLR can be used as a supplementary tool for diagnosing benign, borderline, and malignant ovarian tumors in addition to imaging diagnosis and tumor markers such as CA125.
Analysis of forest fires in Irkutsk region for 2010-2019
Authors: Drozdova T. I. , Sorokovikova E. V.
Published: April 2021

The urgency of the ecological problem of natural forest fires in Russia, especially in rich forests of Eastern Siberia, makes it necessary to study their features, consequences, and measures to combat them. The aim of the article is to assess the state of forest fires in Irkutsk region over the last ten years. Based on the statistical data of monitoring in 33 districts, the dynamics of fires was studied, and areas affected by fires were identified. The largest number of fires was revealed in Irkutsk and Bratsk districts. The fire rate was assessed by districts in fire hazardous periods, and the largest fire rate was identified in Bratsk, Kachug, Irkutsk, and Katanga districts. The fire indicators for 2019 were compared with the average indicators for each district. A comparative analysis of the forest fire situation in Irkutsk region and its districts was carried out. Recommendations on possible firefighting measures were provided.
Taxonomic characteristics of micro-organisms isolated from the Baikal seal
Authors: Pliska A. A.
Published: April 2021

The relevance of the ecological problem of the mass death of the Baikal seal (Pusa sibirica Gm.) forces researchers to establish causes of this phenomenon. The article presents the results of microbiological studies of swabs isolated from the nasal, oral cavities and rectum. The taxonomic characteristics of microorganisms and their virulence were studied. 14 Baikal seals found in the nerpinaria of Listvyanka were tudied. It was established that in the seal there are the following microorganisms: Clostridium perfringens, Escherichia coli, Enterococcus faecalis, Staphylococcus warneri, Pseudomona aeruginosa, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylococcus aureus, Proteus hauseri, Proteus vulgaris bellisella, Proteus migarisella, rabitemorganii, Psychrobactersanguinis, Enterobacter cloacae. When studying the virulence of microorganisms, it was found that 58% of the strains do not cause the death of laboratory animals, they are mainly the representatives of opportunistic microflora. 42% of the strain were pathogenic, of which two strains of Plesi omonas shigelloides and 42 strains of Clostridium perfringens were identified.
Aspectos sanitários e geração de resíduos na comercialização do pescado na Feira do Ver-o-Peso, Belém, Estado do Pará, Brasil
Authors: Miranda Jônatas Filipe Aires , Lenz Tiago de Moraes
Published: April 2021

As atividades humanas relacionadas à produção e ao consumo promove uma crescente geração de resíduos. Nas grandes cidades, as feiras livres produzem diariamente uma grande quantidade de rejeitos orgânicos que, geralmente, são descartados de forma inadequada, sem receber a devida atenção quanto ao gerenciamento correto dos resíduos produzidos, gerando problemas ambientais e de saúde pública. Dentro do contexto das feiras livres, o setor pesqueiro é um dos que gera diariamente grandes quantidades de resíduos sólidos, devido à evisceração e processamento do pescado. O Estado do Pará destaca-se como segundo maior estado produtor de pescado do país, tendo na sua capital, Belém, o Complexo Mercado do Ver-o-Peso, um dos principais pontos públicos de comercialização e distribuição de pescado do país. O objetivo do estudo foi descrever a problemática da produção e descarte de resíduos de pescado no Mercado de Peixe na Feira do Ver-o-Peso, abordando questões de boas práticas de manejo e manipulação do pescado. O estudo foi realizado em três etapas que possibilitaram uma abordagem qualitativa e quantitativa da problemática, revisão bibliográfica, observação das estruturas e procedimentos dentro do mercado, bem como entrevistas com os permissionários do Mercado de Peixe da Feira do Ver-o-Peso. Nas observações qualitativas, foi constatado que a estrutura física do mercado encontra-se em boas condições de conservação e o piso é lavado e varrido regularmente, com o recolhimento dos resíduos. Sobre as condições das barracas e do produto, foi observado que há pias e freezers em todos os boxes, porém muitos freezers encontravam-se desligados e as pias não possuíam produtos de limpeza. A principal forma de conservação do pescado é o uso de isopor e gelo e a exposição do produto é feita na bancada da barraca, sem gelo. Os permissionários também não usam uniforme padronizado, sendo que nenhum utilizava luvas. A idade dos permissionários variou de 27 a 80 anos, dos quais 90% afirmaram que a prefeitura oferece regularmente cursos de manipulação de alimentos. A quantidade de vendas diárias informada pelos entrevistados variaram entre 60 kg e 200 kg (média de 137,14 kg +/- 46,89 kg); nossas estimativas são de 4.113 kg de resíduos gerados diariamente no local, onde atualmente não há coleta seletiva. Com a atual crise dos aterros sanitários em Belém e região metropolitana, a coleta seletiva dos resíduos de pescado com fins de reaproveitamento poderia ser uma boa alternativa para o Mercado de Peixe.
Developing a Two-Tier Proportional Reasoning Skill Test: Validity and Reliability Studies
Authors: AÇIKGÜL Kübra
Published: April 2021

The main aim of this study is to develop a useful, valid, and reliable two-tier proportional reasoning skill test for middle school 7th and 8th-grade students. The research was carried out using the sequential explanatory mixed method. The study group of this research comprised of 391 (n7th-grade= 223, n8th-grade= 168) students. With validity and reliability studies, the content, face, construct, discriminant validity, and reliability coefficient of the test were examined. As a result, the two-tier proportional reasoning skill test with 12 items under 3 factors (qualitative prediction and comparison, missing value, numerical comparison) valid and reliable for adequate values specified in the literature.
TRAITEMENT MEDICAL DE LA GROSSESSE EXTRA-UTERINE A PROPOS DE 2 CAS
Authors:   Hopital Maternite Sante de Reproduction Les orangers -Universite mohammed V- Rabat., Ouzaa A. , Kallali A. ,   Hopital Maternite Sante de Reproduction Les orangers -Universite mohammed V- Rabat., Chater S. ,   Hopital Maternite Sante de Reproduction Les orangers -Universite mohammed V- Rabat., Tazi Z. ,   Hopital Maternite Sante de Reproduction Les orangers -Universite mohammed V- Rabat., Filali A. ,   Hopital Maternite Sante de Reproduction Les orangers -Universite mohammed V- Rabat., Chraibi C. ,   Hopital Maternite Sante de Reproduction Les orangers -Universite mohammed V- Rabat., Alami M.H. ,   Hopital Maternite Sante de Reproduction Les orangers -Universite mohammed V- Rabat., Bezad R. ,   Hopital Maternite Sante de Reproduction Les orangers -Universite mohammed V- Rabat.
Published: April 2021

Une grossesse extra-uterine est une grossesse implantee en dehors de la cavite uterine (aussi appelee grossesse ectopique).Elle constitue une urgence medico- chirurgicale car elle met en jeu le pronostic vital de la femme a court terme et entrave la fertilite a long terme. Le diagnostic precoce de la GEU est devenu possible grace a lassociation de differents facteurs incluant la connaissance des facteurs de risque, le developpement du dosage quantitatif de lHCG plasmatique dune part, et de lechographie dautre part. Ainsi, quand le diagnostic de GEU est pose precocement, la chirurgie conservatrice ou radicale peut alors Ãªtre evitee au benefice dune approche medicale toujours conservatrice. Le traitement medical de la grossesse extra-uterine (GEU) par Methotrexate (MTX) sest developpe et sest impose comme une alternative possible au traitement chirurgical laparoscopique dans certaines situations. Nous rapportons le cas de 2 patientes admises dans un tableau de GEU et qui ont beneficie dun traitement medical par le Methotrexate.
NEWTRENDS IN LIBRARY AND INFORMATION SCIENCE RESEARCH IN INDIA
Authors:   Librarian Dadasahebpatil College of Agriculture Dahegaon Aurangabad., Rohini Madhukar Kadam , Satish Vasant Dandge ,   Research Scholar Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar Marathwada University Aurangabad.
Published: April 2021

The present study a detail analysis has been made on recent trend progress library information science. Include this studies process of knowledge classification, cataloguing, documentation, library administration, internet, information literacy, change in management and library Security. this is found that the utility and security of Libraries is steadily increasing by means of the programmers, and mass Literacy programmers etc. LIS education and training facilities in India are undergoing impetuous changes. It is a need of collection for the information and knowledge in the library. The present study is useful for student for BLIS and MLIS, research as well as library staff for knowledge.
THE POLITICAL THOUGHT OF MIRZA NAINI
Authors:   A21,Shangrilla Apartment, F.B.Area,Karachi, Pakistan MA in Islamic Jurisprudence Al-Mustafa International University., Zeeshan Haider Zaidi Syed
Published: April 2021

In Islam this is Gods right to rule over man and he gave this right according to Sunni Islam to everyone who possesses some abilities mentioned in books written by jurists but Shia Muslims believe that not only God is legitimate authority, He also appointed specific persons for political leadership after prophet Mohammad (peace upon him), they are twelve Imam the last Imam Mahdi(peace upon him) went to major occultation in 941 and till sixteenth century Shia Muslims could not establish government like Safivids dynasty in Iran.The rise of the modern nation-state in the Middle East in the early 20 century led to debates around the role of the clergy in the state and the nature of an Islamic state There was a controversial debate about constitution, is it legitimated according to Islam or not? In the responseTanbih al ummah va Tanzih al Millahwas written by Mirza Naini. He supported the idea of making constitution and legitimacy of assembly where representatives of people can do legislation because these two can control kings selfishness and make him away from tyranny. He also accepted concept of nation-state and proved that these concepts are not bidah.(condemnable innovation in religion)He believed in equality of common people with rulers along with their right of freedom.
ISOLEMENT, IDENTIFICATION ET CARACTERISATION DE SOUCHES DE BACTERIES ACETIQUES A PARTIR DUN ALCOOL DE MANGUE FERMENTE
Authors:   Laboratoire de Microbiologie Appliquee et Genie Industriel (MAGI), Ecole Superieure Polytechnique de Dakar (ESP), Dakar, Senegal., Cire Kourouma Mariama , Mbengue Malick ,   Laboratoire de Microbiologie Appliquee et Genie Industriel (MAGI), Ecole Superieure Polytechnique de Dakar (ESP), Dakar, Senegal., Sarr Khady ,   Laboratoire de Microbiologie Appliquee et Genie Industriel (MAGI), Ecole Superieure Polytechnique de Dakar (ESP), Dakar, Senegal., Toure Kane Coumba ,   Universite Sine Saloum El Hadj Ibrahima Niass (USSEIN), Kaolack, Senegal.
Published: April 2021

Les bacteries acetiques sont dun tres grand interet pour lindustrie biotechnologique, maisleur application la plus importante reside dans leur capacite a oxyder lethanol en acide acetique conduisant a la production de vinaigre. Le but de cette etude etaitdisoler, de caracteriser et didentifier des souches de bacteries acetiques a partir dun alcool de mangue fermente. Les souches isolees ont fait lobjet de tests phenotypiques, et biochimiques tels que la coloration de GRAM, la recherche de la catalase et de loxydase, loxydation de lethanol en acide acetique, le pouvoir suroxydant et le metabolisme de certains glucides. Vingt-huit souches de bacteries acetiques appartenant au genre Gluconoacetobacter et Acetobacter ont ete isolees. Le test de production nous a conduits au choix des cinq souches capables de produire les quantites les plus elevees dacide acetique. Ces souches nommees respectivement VMA1, VMA5, VMA7, VMAM et VMAOont ensuite fait lobjet de caracterisation physiologique afin de determiner leursconditions optimales de croissance. Les temperatures optimales de croissance eaientcomprises entre 27Â° et 40Â°C et les pH optimum entre 5,5 et 7. Les resultats du test de la resistance a lethanol ont montre que toutes les cinq souches etaientcapables de pousser a 10% dethanol (v/v) et les souches VMA1 et VMA5 etaientcapables de resister a 25% dethanol (v/v). Ces resultats pourraient potentiellement constituer une avancee majeure pour lindustrie du vinaigre.
DOES ACCESS TO STOCK MARKET IMPACT THE FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE OF SMALL ENTERPRISES? EVIDENCE FROM SMES LISTED IN BOMBAY STOCK EXCHANGE
Authors:   Assistant Professor, Department of Commerce, Ravenshaw University, Odisha, India., Kumar Dey Sanjeeb , Sharma Debabrata ,   Research Scholar, Department of Commerce, Ravenshaw University, Odisha, India.
Published: April 2021

SMEsare the backbone of any country asthey grow at the grass root level which increase the earnings of the country and reduce unemployment problem too.It is one of the dynamic and most vibrant sectors of Indian economy. Over the last few decades, SMEs have played a crucial role in mobilising the local resources effectively. However, among the many difficulties, access to finance is widely recognized as one of the main hurdles in the growth and development path of the SMEs. After 2012, SMEs are allowed to float their shares through stock exchanges i.e., NSE EMERGE and BSE SME. The present paperattempts to study the impact of stock market accessibility by SMEs on various parameters of financial performance.In this paper, we tried to study whether getting listed on the stock exchange have improved the performance of selected SMEs or not. For this purpose, we considered the SME units who have issued IPOs during the year 2015 and the economic performance of the selected enterprises are measured with the help of ROA, ROE, NPM, CR, DE and EPS. We found that getting listed on the stock exchange did not improve the performance of selected SMEs.
HUMAN RIGHTS AS NATURAL RIGHTS
Authors: Sarma Jayashree
Published: April 2021

The concept of human rights has always been a burning and one of the most significant concepts in the field of Social Sciences and Humanities. Human rights are the basic and birth rights of every individual. These individualistic rights are important in order to lead a dignified life in society. These rights guarantee to all round developments of an individual. The article Human Rights as Natural Rights, written by the American political theorist Jack Donnelly, is a depiction of the meaning and nature of human rights. In the article Donnelly tries to draw our attention to the theoretical premises of human rights. He basically discusses the concept of human rights from three premises- human rights as natural rights, natural rights and human rights and a social justice theory of human rights whereas the author emphasizes on the questions of what human rights are and how human rights work according to the existing theories of human rights and what the basic differences exist between these different kinds of theories.
THE ROLES, STRATEGIES OF ACTORS AND CAPACITIES OF ACTORS IN THE IMPLEMENTATION OF COMMUNITY EMPOWERMENT POLICIES
Authors:   Doctor, Lecturer at Surabaya State University Indonesia., Rosdiana Weni , Noviana Nana ,   Doctor, Researcher at Regional Research and Development Agency South Kalimantan Province, Indonesia.
Published: April 2021

Actors play an important role in policy implementation to achieve policy goals. The involvement of the community and other actors in the empowerment process of village communities is still lacking. Actors do not understand the roles they play so that participation is less than optimal. This article intends to describe and analyze the roles, strategies of actors, and capacities of actors in the implementation of village community empowerment policies in Lamongan. Data analysis was carried out using qualitative data analysis based on triangulation of interviews with informants (actors involved in empowerment), observation, and documentation. The research results provide input in the form of roles, actors strategies, and actor capacities in empowering village communities in Lamongan.
ANALYSIS OF HEALTH, SAFETY AND WELFARE MEASURES AND THEIR IMPACT ON ORGANISATIONAL COMMITMENT TOWARDS CONSTRUCTION COMPANIES IN CHENNAI
Authors:   Research Scholar and Assistant Professor, Dept. of Business Administration, Loyola College, Chennai,TamilNadu, India., Ram Kumar C. , Selvavinayagam K. ,   Research Guide and Supervisor, Principal, Government Arts and Science College, Pennaharam, Dharmapuri Tamil Nadu, India.
Published: April 2021

Employees health, safety and their welfare is one of the important measures in order to maintain the good industrial relations and also improve the commitment of the employees towards the organization. Therefore, the purpose of the present research article is to analyze the various health, safety and welfare measures provided by the employer and their impact on commitment of employees towards organization with respect to construction industry in Chennai. The study is conducted with a sample size of 160 (construction employees) and analysis is done both descriptively and inferentially.The statistical tools like Independent Sample t test, Correlation and Multiple Regression are applied for testing of hypotheses.Based on the analysis, the study revealed that out of three measures, Safety Measures have significant impact on commitment of employees towards organization and there is a significant difference in the perception of employees on thehealth, safety and welfare measures provided by the organizations in the construction industry in Chennai. The study suggests the management of construction companies should take proactive steps to improve the working conditions as well as health, safety and welfare aspects of the employees. This would not only improve the commitment of employees towards the organization but also increase the overall performance of the organization.
ASSERTIVE BEHAVIOUR FOR CHILD ABUSE
Authors:   PhD Scholar, Shri Venkateshwara University, Gajraula, Uttar Pradesh, India., Suveesh U.S. , K. Rajan Jinu ,   Principal, Amaltas Institute of Nursing Sciences, Dewas, Madhya Pradesh, India.
Published: April 2021

Children are full human beings in their own right. Child maltreatment is the abuse and neglect that occurs to children under 18 years of age. It includes all types of physical and/or emotional ill-treatment, sexual abuse, neglect, negligence and commercial or other exploitation, which results in actual or potential harm to the childs health, survival, development or dignity in the context of a relationship of responsibility, trust or power. Exposure to intimate partner violence is also sometimes included as a form of child maltreatment. Assertive behaviour in contrast to the other possibilities of aggressive or submissive/passive behaviour. The aim of assertive behaviour is to communicate productively with another person, achieving what is often described as a win/win outcome.
Electrochemical Determination of Trifluralin Herbicide Using Silver Solid Amalgam Electrode: Application in Fresh Food Samples
Authors: Gonçalves Filho Danielle , de Souza Djenaine
Published: April 2021

This paper reports the use of polished silver solid amalgam electrode (p-AgSAE) allied to square wave voltammetry (SWV) in the development of a simple, sensitive, fast and green electroanalytical methodology for the trifluralin herbicide determination in fresh food samples. The experimental (supporting electrolyte and potential and time accumulation) and voltammetric (pulse frequency, pulse amplitude and scan increment potential) parameters were previously optimized, which were employed in the construction of analytical curves. Therefore, these curves have enabled the calculation of analytical parameters (linearity range, equation of the analytical curves, coefficients of determination, limits of detection and quantification, recovery efficiency, and relative standard deviations for intraday and interday experiments) and they indicated that the use of the p-AgSAE is suitable for determining any contamination by trifluralin. So, the proposed methodology had to minimize the toxic residues due to the use of liquid mercury or the adsorbed products from the redox reaction that promotes passivation in the other solid surfaces. Furthermore, the optimized methodology was used to trifluralin determination in eggplant, carrot, tomato, grape juice and orange juice, and the results indicated that the proposed methodology presented high robustness, stability and sensitivity, good reproducibility, and hence it is applicable for complex samples.
Formalidades necesarias del acta de mediación como instrumento de la cultura de paz, aplicando lógica del razonamiento deductivo
Authors: Agnelli Faggioli Aliza , Matos De Nouel Ibely Ana
Published: April 2021

El presente estudio es el resultado de un análisis que tuvo como objetivo determinar si, como consecuencia de la aplicación de un silogismo deductivo, es necesario que el acta de mediación reúna los mismos requisitos de forma de una sentencia ejecutoriada para tener sus mismos efectos sin contrariar el derecho a la defensa y al debido proceso. Todo ello, en virtud de que los procesos de mediación fortalecen una cultura de paz y por ello, se hace inevitable que las actas derivadas de este proceso tengan fuerza de sentencia ejecutoriada, pero teniendo cuidado en que el imperio de la ley no sea agresor de los derechos de ninguna de las partes ni en el presente ni a futuro. Se trata de una investigación de tipo documental, de enfoque cualitativo y cuyo método analítico requirió de la observación, descripción, segmentación y criticidad para llegar a sus resultados. Se concluyó que es preciso reforzar y ampliar la ley de arbitraje y mediación en el sentido que se establezca que las actas de mediación reúnan las mismas formalidades de la sentencia ejecutoriada en forma y fondo para que al momento de ejecutar las mismas, se garantice la tutela judicial efectiva en sentido estricto.
Retos educativos, de investigación y normativos para la criminología en México
Authors: Hikal Carreón Wael Sarwat
Published: April 2021

El presente artículo se base al análisis realizado sobre los nuevos retos de la educación superior de la criminología (Navasquillo Lorda, 2016), en los cuales se destaca la necesidad de un proceso de cambio, especialización de los contenidos de la criminología, y áreas de salida laboral de los egresados de licenciatura en criminología. Son tres propuestas las que aquí se hacen y consideran a reflexión del lector: La posibilidad de realizar cambios a nivel legislativo para establecer las salidas profesionales del egresado de licenciatura en criminología, determinar sus alcances y objetivos en las áreas que se consideren oportunas y relacionadas con los estudios de las causas del crimen y la prevención. Dos: La imperante necesidad de especializar a la criminología general en campos especializados en problemas criminales, puesto que los fenómenos nuevos no se pueden seguir atendiendo con conocimientos viejos y generales, y tercera: El fomentar y fortalecer la investigación generadora de conocimientos en materia criminal, para que exista un conocimiento a disponibilidad del estudioso de lo criminal, así como para los planificadores de políticas públicas.
Genealogía del concepto de paz en el derecho internacional público
Authors: Bonet de Viola Ana María , Coassin Rina , Vidal Elisabet , Saidler Yael Selene
Published: April 2021

Este trabajo se propone desarrollar una crítica de la noción de paz, como concepto fundante del derecho internacional moderno. Se procura explicar cómo la raigambre liberal de esta noción, condujo a su consolidación como armisticio, como contención de hostilidades vigentes. En primer lugar se analiza el rol de la Paz de Westfalia, a través del surgimiento del principio de no intervención, en la construcción de la figura del Estado garante de la paz. Luego se presentan los sucesivos aportes que significaron Sociedad de Naciones y sobre todo Naciones Unidas a través de la regulación y finalmente prohibición del uso de la fuerza. En particular se analizará la funcionalidad de los principios de no uso de la fuerza y solución pacífica de controversias en la configuración de la idea de paz internacional. Por último se postula el potencial del reciente concepto de responsabilidad de proteger para la gestación de una auténtica paz. A través de esta última figura jurídica se propone un enfoque diferencial-relacional del derecho internacional como alternativa para repensar la convivencia internacional en clave plural, para pasar de una paz como armisticio a una auténtica paz como acogida de la alteridad, como hospitalidad.
Estado de la cuestión del deber general precontractual de información y la protección al consumidor en América Latina, con énfasis en el caso chileno
Authors: Sanz Salguero Francisco Javier
Published: April 2021

Superar la asimetría informacional, constituye un elemento central en el tratamiento de las relaciones entre consumidores y proveedores. Con base en esta premisa, el presente estudio aborda el estado de la cuestión del deber general precontractual de información y la protección al consumidor, estudio enfocado en las principales economías de América Latina, con énfasis en el caso chileno. Adicionalmente, en el trabajo se presentan propuestas para perfeccionar los alcances de este deber general precontractual, en el contexto de la ley del consumidor chilena.
Personas con discapacidad: barreras de acceso al empleo y algunas alternativas de inclusión en Colombia
Authors: Pérez Medina Ana Lucía , Gómez Rúa Natalia Eugenia , López Arango Diana María , Medina Ruiz María Fernanda
Published: April 2021

El objetivo de este artículo es identificar las alternativas para minimizar las barreras de empleo de las personas con discapacidad en Colombia apartir del derecho al trabajo digno. Se revisa la producción normativa sobre este eje temático con posterioridad a la ratificación de la Convenciónde los Derechos de las Personas con Discapacidad (Organización de Naciones Unidas, 2006), es decir, desde el año 2011, las barreras identificadas para el acceso al empleo; y posteriormente, se presentan las alternativas planteadas en el país para acceso al trabajo de esta población de orden estatal y privada. La investigación es cualitativa y su enfoque metodológico es el hermenéutico, el cual se realizó a través de un análisis de contenido de normas y literatura sobre el tema objeto de estudio. Los resultados evidenciaron que el desarrollo normativo es amplio y suficiente para garantizar el bienestar en los entornos laborales. Asimismo, se identifican desde las leyes y diferentes autores las barreras que tiene esta población para la participación y la igualdad en el trabajo; evidenciando, a su vez, la existencia de alternativas que han contribuido a minimizar esas barreras y las cuales han aportado para la inclusión social; no obstante, pueden tornarse insuficientes respeto a las tasas de desempleo, las ofertas laborales y los perfiles ocupaciones que se ofrecen siendo necesario crear puentes más sólidos de carácter educativo y empresarial que no solamente permitan el acceso al empleo sino a condiciones de permanencia y seguimiento en materia laboral a las personas con discapacidad.
Las necesidades educativas especiales y trastorno de espectro autista en la construcción del principio de interés superior del niño, niña y adolescente en el Derecho Chileno
Authors: Astudillo Meza Constanza
Published: April 2021

El presente artículo desarrolla las necesidades especiales en el Derecho chileno como criterio para poder determinar el interés superior del niño, niña o adolescente en el contexto del derecho a la educación. El tema será abordado desde una perspectiva analítica y dogmática, de forma tal de proponer la construcción del nombrado interés superior considerando los requerimientos especiales de educación de los niños, niñas y adolescentes, particularmente en los casos del trastorno de espectro autista. Lo anterior, tomando en consideración la relevancia y  ventajas que ofrece el principio ya mencionado, toda vez que permite adaptarlo a cada realidad y caso particular.
La dotación de interpretación en lengua de señas española para personas sordas en procedimientos judiciales
Authors: González Montesino Rayco Hautacuperche
Published: April 2021

La interpretación de lenguas de señas es la principal medida para facilitar el acceso a los servicios públicos para las personas sordas españolas. La publicación de la Ley 27/2007, con la que se reconocen estas lenguas y el derecho a su uso, fue un hito para la comunidad sorda. La transposición al ordenamiento jurídico de diversas directivas europeas sobre traducción e interpretación, mediante la Ley Orgánica 5/2015, ha venido a respaldar el derecho de las personas sordas a contar con servicios de interpretación en los diferentes procedimientos judiciales. El presente artículo tiene como objetivo analizar cómo la Administración de justicia dota de estos servicios de interpretación. Mediante la revisión de la legislación y la comparación con otras experiencias internacionales, hemos detectado las debilidades de nuestro sistema y planteado propuestas de mejora, como la importancia de evaluar las competencias de los intérpretes para garantizar un juicio justo a las personas sordas.
Responsabilidad civil en materia de prácticas restrictivas a la libre competencia
Authors: Beltran Valencia Gustavo
Published: April 2021

El derecho de la competencia comprende dos normativas, por un lado, las normas relativas a la competencia desleal, y por el otro, las normas sobre prácticas comerciales restrictivas; sin embargo, a diferencia de lo que ocurre con aquellas, las conductas anticompetitivas carecen de un régimen especial de responsabilidad civil individual, dicha situación no se compadece con un derecho de la competencia adecuado para la protección de la libre y leal competencia, máxime que con los avances tecnológicos actuales, existe la posibilidad de que los agentes comerciales lleven a cabo conductas anticompetitivas mucho más sofisticadas y complejas con una alta potencialidad de causar daños a los demás intervinientes dentro del mercado, de ahí que se proponga la estructuración de un régimen particular de responsabilidad civil derivado de los daños producidos por las prácticas anticoncurrenciales, mucho más coherente con un régimen constitucional fundamentado en la protección a la libre y leal competencia.
Derecho a la educación y evolución legislativa en el acceso de las personas con discapacidad al sistema educativo español: de la exclusión a la inclusión educativa
Authors: Espada Chavarría Rosa María , Castell Cerezo Cristina
Published: April 2021

Es necesario conocer y explorar las diferentes leyes y normativas que se han ido sucediendo en España y entender el reciente recorrido histórico en educación inclusiva y atención a la diversidad y que han determinado el acceso y la práctica educativa en el alumnado con necesidades específicas de apoyo educativo, especialmente en el alumnado con necesidades educativas especiales derivadas de su discapacidad. Discriminación y exclusión social y educativa en el trato, en el lenguaje, en los medios y en el acceso a la educación, como se muestra en los modelos derivados de la Constitución de 1812 y que perduran sin cambios hasta mitad del siglo XIX debido al desconocimiento, carencias y ambigüedades reflejadas en las normativas y que son especialmente analizadas en esta investigación para las etapas de educación Infantil y Primaria principalmente. Leyes que han sido aplicadas a lo largo del tiempo, más como intención que como realidad. Circunstancia que empieza a cambiar bajo un nuevo paradigma, como modelo educativo más equitativo, de derecho y con más garantías para el todo el alumnado.
Características clínicas y patológicas de pacientes con tumores del sistema nervioso central en un centro en Suramérica desde 2010 hasta 2015
Authors: Jaramillo-Jiménez Esteban , Vargas-García Cristian , Rodríguez-Márquez Iader , Sandoval-Barrios Juliana , Gómez-Duque David , Barrientos-Montoya Hernán , Arango-Vélez Julián , Gómez-Escobar Tatiana , Massaro-Ceballos Mónica , Jiménez-Jaramillo Marta
Published: April 2021

Objetivo: Caracterizar los pacientes diagnosticados con tumores del sistema nervioso central en el Instituto Neurológico de Colombia durante el periodo 2010-2015. Métodos: Estudio descriptivo retrospectivo. Para los tumores primarios se usó la clasificación de la Organización Mundial de la Salud y para los metastásicos se usó la Clasificación Internacional de Enfermedades en Oncología. Resultados: Se identificaron 288 pacientes, 194 de ellos con tumores primarios y 94 tumores metastásicos. No se lograron clasificar los tumores primarios en el 23,7 % de los casos y para los metastásicos no se obtuvo la clasificación morfológica (histológica) en el 35,1 % de los casos. Los hombres presentaron con mayor frecuencia tumores de comportamiento maligno tipo glioblastoma NEO (no especificado de otra manera) (14,9 %) y en las mujeres predominaron los tumores de comportamiento benigno tipo meningioma (23,2 %). En mayores de 65 años, tanto el glioblastoma NEO como el meningioma fueron más frecuentes en mujeres con 17,4 % y 28,3 %, respectivamente. Entre los pacientes con tumores metastásicos, de acuerdo con la clasificación topográfica, los tumores primarios más frecuentes se localizaron en pulmón (39,4 %) y mama (17 %). No se identificó el sitio primario de metástasis en el 11,7 % de los casos. La histología más comúnmente identificada fue el adenocarcinoma (14,9 %), seguido del carcinoma (8,5 %). Conclusiones: Para una vigilancia efectiva de la enfermedad es necesario realizar un monitoreo epidemiológico y clínico de tumores primarios y metastásicos, mediante el uso de registros institucionales de cáncer incluyendo datos topográficos, histológicos y moleculares, según disponibilidad.