bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Influence of OATP1B1 and BCRP polymorphisms on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of rosuvastatin in elderly and young Korean subjects
Authors: Kim Yun , Yoon Seonghae , Choi Yewon , Yoon Seo Hyun , Cho Joo-Youn , Jang In-Jin , Yu Kyung-Sang , Chung Jae-Yong
Published: December 2019

A lack of information regarding whether genetic polymorphisms of SLCO1B1 and ABCG2 affect the pharmacokinetics (PKs)/pharmacodynamics (PDs) of rosuvastatin in elderly subjects prevents optimal individualized pharmacotherapy of rosuvastatin in clinical settings. This study aimed to investigate the effect of age and genetic polymorphisms and possible differences in genetic effects on the PKs/PDs of rosuvastatin between elderly and young subjects. Two separate clinical studies designed as open-label, one-sequence studies with multiple-dose administration for elderly (n = 20) and young (n = 32) subjects were conducted. All subjects received 20 mg of rosuvastatin once daily for 21 days. The exposure to rosuvastatin, characterized by the area under the time curve (AUC), increased by 23% in the elderly subjects compared with that of young subjects, which was not significant. When compared to the subjects with breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP) normal function, the exposure to rosuvastatin increased by 44% in young subjects (p = 0.0021) with BCRP intermediate function (IF) and by 35% and 59% (p > 0.05 for both) in elderly subjects with BCRP IF and low function, respectively. SLCO1B1 521T > C was also partially associated with a higher AUC of rosuvastatin in young subjects and a less pronounced increasing trend in elderly subjects (p > 0.05 for both). The lipid-lowering effect of rosuvastatin was less pronounced in the elderly subjects than in the young subjects, and genetic polymorphisms of neither SLCO1B1 nor ABCG2 significantly affected the PDs of rosuvastatin. The ABCG2 421C > A polymorphism was associated with the PKs of rosuvastatin and was identified as a more important determinant than the SLCO1B1 521T > C polymorphism in both elderly and young subjects.
Multi-parameter immune profiling of peripheral blood mononuclear cells by multiplexed single-cell mass cytometry in patients with early multiple sclerosis
Authors: Böttcher Chotima , Fernández-Zapata Camila , Schlickeiser Stephan , Kunkel Desiree , Schulz Axel R. , Mei Henrik E. , Weidinger Carl , Gieß René M. , Asseyer Susanna , Siegmund Britta , Paul Friedemann , Ruprecht Klemens , Priller Josef
Published: December 2019

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory demyelinating and neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system (CNS). Studies in rodent models demonstrated an association of CNS-infiltrating monocyte-derived macrophages with disease severity. However, little is known about humans. Here, we performed an exploratory analysis of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) isolated from healthy controls and drug-naïve patients with early MS using multiplexed single-cell mass cytometry and algorithm-based data analysis. Two antibody panels comprising a total of 64 antibodies were designed to comprehensively analyse diverse immune cell populations, with particular emphasis on monocytes. PBMC composition and marker expression were overall similar between the groups. However, an increased abundance of CCR7+ and IL-6+ T cells was detected in early MS-PBMCs, whereas NFAT1hiT-bethiCD4+ T cells were decreased. Similarly, we detected changes in the subset composition of the CCR7+ and MIPβhi HLA-DR+ lymphocyte compartment. Only mild alterations were detected in monocytes/myeloid cells of patients with early MS, namely a decreased abundance of CD141hiIRF8hiCXCR3+CD68− dendritic cells. Unlike in Crohn’s disease, no significant differences were found in the monocyte fraction of patients with early MS compared to healthy controls. This study provides a valuable resource for future studies designed to characterise and target diverse PBMC subsets in MS.
Discordant gene responses to radiation in humans and mice and the role of hematopoietically humanized mice in the search for radiation biomarkers
Authors: Ghandhi Shanaz A. , Smilenov Lubomir , Shuryak Igor , Pujol-Canadell Monica , Amundson Sally A.
Published: December 2019

The mouse (Mus musculus) is an extensively used model of human disease and responses to stresses such as ionizing radiation. As part of our work developing gene expression biomarkers of radiation exposure, dose, and injury, we have found many genes are either up-regulated (e.g.CDKN1A, MDM2, BBC3, andCCNG1) or down-regulated (e.g.TCF4andMYC) in both species after irradiation at ~4 and 8 Gy. However, we have also found genes that are consistently up-regulated in humans and down-regulated in mice (e.g.DDB2, PCNA, GADD45A, SESN1, RRM2B, KCNN4, IFI30, andPTPRO). Here we test a hematopoietically humanized mouse as a potentialin vivomodel for biodosimetry studies, measuring the response of these 14 genes one day after irradiation at 2 and 4 Gy, and comparing it with that of human blood irradiatedex vivo, and blood from whole body irradiated mice. We found that human blood cells in the hematopoietically humanized mousein vivoenvironment recapitulated the gene expression pattern expected from human cells, not the pattern seen fromin vivoirradiated normal mice. The results of this study support the use of hematopoietically humanized mice as anin vivomodel for screening of radiation response genes relevant to humans.
A dual signal amplification strategy for the highly sensitive fluorescence detection of nucleic acids
Authors: Zhang Jingjing , Song Chunyuan , Zhou Huiling , Jia Juan , Dai Yinna , Cui Daxiang , Wang Lianhui , Weng Lixing
Published: December 2019

A dual signal amplification strategy comprising target-triggered recycling and DSN-mediated amplifications was designed and proposed for a highly sensitive fluorescence assay of nucleic acids.
Iodine promoted cascade cycloisomerization of 1-en-6,11-diynes
Authors: Qiu Yi-Feng , Niu Yue-Jie , Song Xian-Rong , Wei Xi , Chen Hui , Li Shun-Xi , Wang Xi-Cun , Huo Congde , Quan Zheng-Jun , Liang Yong-Min
Published: December 2019

Cascade iodocyclization: an iodine promoted cascade cycloisomerization of 1-en-6,11-diynes is presented for the easy preparation of tetrahydrobenzo[f]isoquinolines. In this transformation, two new cyclic frameworks and one carbonyl group are formed.
Palladium-catalyzed oxidative homocoupling of pyrazole boronic esters to access versatile bipyrazoles and the flexible metal–organic framework Co(4,4′-bipyrazolate)
Authors: Taylor Mercedes K. , Juhl Martin , Hadaf Gul Barg , Hwang Dasol , Velasquez Ever , Oktawiec Julia , Lefton Jonathan B. , Runčevski Tomče , Long Jeffrey R. , Lee Ji-Woong
Published: December 2019

A facile catalytic protocol achieves the homocoupling of pyrazole boronic esters, enabling access to the structurally-flexible metal–organic framework Co(bpz).
Iridium-catalyzed, ligand-controlled directed alkynylation and alkenylation of arenes with terminal alkynes
Authors: Sun Xin , Zhao Wei , Li Bi-Jie
Published: December 2019

We report iridium-catalyzed C–C formation between benzamides and terminal alkynes.
A dual-site controlled fluorescent sensor for the facile and fast detection of H2O in D2O by two turn-on emission signals
Authors: Dong Baoli , Lu Yaru , Song Wenhui , Kong Xiuqi , Sun Yaru , Lin Weiying
Published: December 2019

A dual-site controlled fluorescent sensor based on FRET mechanism was constructed for the facile and fast detection of H2O content in D2O.
A theoretical study on Na+ solvation in carbonate ester and ether solvents for sodium-ion batteries
Authors: Liu Qi , Wu Feng , Mu Daobin , Wu Borong
Published: December 2019

The electrochemical performance of sodium-ion batteries is strongly related to the electrolyte solvents.
Tuning of electron tunneling: a case study using BODIPY molecular layers
Authors: Shivran Neelam , Koiry Shankar P. , Majumder Chiranjib , Chauhan Anil K. , Aswal Dinesh K. , Chattopadhyay Subrata , Mula Soumyaditya
Published: December 2019

Using simple surface chemistry, rectification characteristics can be tuned to reproducible negative differential resistance (NDR) with a very high peak-to-valley ratio (PVR) up to 1000 in BODIPY grafted on Si.
Organic molecule stabilized bismuth iodide nanoparticles: a hybrid system with multifunctional physical properties
Authors: Ghosh Sarit K , Perla Venkata K , Mallick Kaushik
Published: December 2019

An organic–inorganic hybrid system of aniline stabilized bismuth iodide nanoparticles (ABI) was synthesized and investigated for its dielectric properties, AC-conductivity, polarization hysteresis and non-volatile memory performances.
Promotion effect of Mg on a post-synthesized Sn-Beta zeolite for the conversion of glucose to methyl lactate
Authors: Yang Xiaomei , Lv Bin , Lu Tianliang , Su Yunlai , Zhou Lipeng
Published: December 2019

Mg-Sn-Beta zeolites with different Mg/Sn molar ratios were prepared from the parent deAl-Beta by a coimpregnation method. It shows higher selectivity for the conversion of glucose to methyl lactate than post-synthesized Sn-Beta.
Thermochemical transformation in the single-step synthesis of zeolitic imidazole frameworks under solvent-free conditions
Authors: Shi Guangyong , Xu Wei , Wang Jichao , Klomkliang Nikom , Mousavi Bibimaryam , Chaemchuen Somboon
Published: December 2019

An environmentally friendly and economical route for the synthesis of zeolitic imidazole frameworks (ZIFs) was developed based on the thermal treatment of mixed solid precursors in the absence of solvent and additive compounds.
One-step synthesis of ethanol from glycerol in a gas phase packed bed reactor over hierarchical alkali-treated zeolite catalyst materials
Authors: Kostyniuk Andrii , Bajec David , Likozar Blaž
Published: December 2019

High selective conversion of glycerol into ethanol was achieved in a gas-phase packed-bed reactor over hierarchical alkali-treated zeolite catalyst materials.
Digital microfluidic meter-on-chip
Authors: Fang Zecong , Ding Yi , Zhang Zhichao , Wang Fei , Wang Zuankai , Wang Hao , Pan Tingrui
Published: December 2019

On-chip digital microfluidic flowmetry can be designed and incorporated into standard microfluidic devices for high-precision multiplexed microflow measurements.
Defect-focused analysis of calcium-substitution-induced structural transformation of magnesium ferrite nanocrystals
Authors: Abraham Ann Rose , Raneesh B. , Sanyal D. , Thomas Sabu , Kalarikkal Nandakumar , Nambissan P. M. G.
Published: December 2019

A broad overview of defect-related structural characterization of Ca-substituted MgFe2O4nanocrystals by positron annihilation and complementary methods is presented.
The design of CNTs@Ni1/3Co2/3(CO3)1/2(OH)·0.11H2O in situ compounded in the nanoscale for all-solid-state supercapacitors
Authors: Zhao Liangcai , Wei Wutao , Tuo Wu , Ye Wanyu , Wang Jing , Yu Hechun , Chen Weihua , Mi Liwei
Published: December 2019

Ni1/3Co2/3(CO3)1/2(OH)·0.11H2O (NCC) was in situ constructed on the surface of CNTs, which realized the nanoscale recombination of NCC and CNTs.
Complexation of 5-aminovaleric acid zwitterions in aqueous/methanol solution by heterotopic tri-cationic receptors
Authors: Walczak Wojciech , Zakrzewski Maciej , Cichowicz Grzegorz , Piątek Piotr
Published: December 2019

Heterotopic tri-cationic receptor based on 4,10,16-triaza-18-crown-6 is capable of efficient and selective binding of the zwitterionic form of 5-aminovaleric acid (5-AVA) in aqueous/methanol solution.
The role of phosphopeptides in the mineralisation of silica
Authors: Daus Fabian , Pfeifer Erik , Seipp Kevin , Hampp Norbert , Geyer Armin
Published: December 2019

We describe the synthesis of hyperphosphorylated peptides and the investigation of theirin vitrosilicification activity in combination with long-chain polyamines (LCPA) at high dilution and mildly acidic conditions.
Anionic polymerization of acrylic thioester by using organic base
Authors: Suzuki Masato , Kaneko Takumi , Ishikawa Yuna , Matsuoka Shin-ichi
Published: December 2019

An acrylic thioester is polymerized with organic bases as the initiators via zwitterionic mechanisms involving propagation at the anionic sites.
Large bandgap quantum spin Hall insulator in methyl decorated plumbene monolayer: a first-principles study
Authors: Mahmud Shoaib , Alam Md. Kawsar
Published: December 2019

Formulating methyl and trihalogenomethyl decorated plumbene monolayers as quantum spin Hall insulators for application in spintronic and dissipationless transport.
A solvent-dependent chemosensor for fluorimetric detection of Hg2+ and colorimetric detection of Cu2+ based on a new diarylethene with a rhodamine B unit
Authors: Zhao Heng , Ding Haichang , Kang Huimin , Fan Congbin , Liu Gang , Pu Shouzhi
Published: December 2019

A novel solvent-dependent chemosensor based on a diarylethene derivative for fluorescent “turn-on” recognition of Hg2+ and colorimetric detection of Cu2+ was synthesized, its multi-controllable photoswitchable behaviors with light and chemical stimuli were investigated.
Nonflammable quasi-solid-state electrolyte for stable lithium-metal batteries
Authors: Sun Qiushi , Chen Xiao , Xie Jian , Xu Xiongwen , Tu Jian , Zhang Peng , Zhao Xinbing
Published: December 2019

A nonflammable quasi-solid-state composite electrolyte was prepared by in situ polymerization for safe, stable Li metal batteries.
Solvothermal synthesis and modification of NaYF4:Yb/Er@NaLuF4:Yb for enhanced up-conversion luminescence for bioimaging
Authors: Li Hua , Liu Xuguang , Li Xia
Published: December 2019

The NaYF4:Yb/Er@NaLuF4:Yb nanosphere were synthesized by a solvothermal method in a short time and low temperature, and applied to cell imaging.
A strategy for iron oxide nanoparticles to adhere to the neuronal membrane in the substantia nigra of mice
Authors: Han Dong , Zhang Baolin , Chong Chuangang , Rong Cuiping , Tan Jie , Yang Rusen
Published: December 2019

FITC-SA/PEI-SPIONs attached to the dopaminergic neuronal membrane by means of streptavidin–biotin binding.
In situtetrafluoroborate-modified MAPbBr3nanocrystals showing high photoluminescence, stability and self-assembly behavior
Authors: Yang Xiao , Li Fan , Wang Xiaofeng , Xu Yifei , Wei Haoliang , Wang Li
Published: December 2019

Anin situtetrafluoroborate modification protocol is developed to prepare CH3NH3PbBr3nanocrystals with high photoluminescence, good stability, and self-assembly crystal growth behavior.
PtdIns4P-mediated electrostatic forces influence S-acylation of peripheral proteins at the Golgi complex
Authors: Chumpen Ramirez Sabrina , Astrada Micaela R. , Daniotti Jose L.
Published: December 2019

Protein S-acylation is a reversible post-translational modification involving the addition of fatty acids to cysteines and is catalyzed by transmembrane protein acyltransferases (PATs) mainly expressed at the Golgi complex. In case of soluble proteins, S-acylation confers stable membrane attachment. Myristoylation or farnesylation of many soluble proteins constitutes the initial transient membrane adsorption step prior to S-acylation. However, some S-acylated soluble proteins, such as the neuronal growth-associated protein Growth-associated protein-43 (GAP-43), lack the hydrophobic modifications required for this initial membrane interaction. The signals for GAP-43 S-acylation are confined to the first 13 amino acids, including the S-acylatable cysteines 3 and 4 embedded in a hydrophobic region, followed by a cluster of basic amino acids. We found that mutation of critical basic amino acids drastically reduced membrane interaction and hence S-acylation of GAP-43. Interestingly, acute depletion of phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate (PtdIns4P) at the Golgi complex reduced GAP-43 membrane binding, highlighting a new, pivotal role for this anionic lipid and supporting the idea that basic amino acid residues are involved in the electrostatic interactions between GAP-43 and membranes of the Golgi complex where they are S-acylated.
Conversational Language in 3-Year-Old Children Born Very Preterm and at Term
Authors: Sanchez Katherine , Spittle Alicia J. , Boyce Jessica O. , Leembruggen Linda , Mantelos Anastasia , Mills Stephanie , Mitchell Naomi , Neil Emily , John Miya St , Treloar Jasmin , Morgan Angela T.
Published: December 2019

Purpose

Language difficulties are prevalent among children born preterm. Existing studies have largely used standardized language tests, providing limited scope for detailed descriptive examination of preterm language. This study aimed to examine differences in conversational language between children born < 30 weeks and at term as well as correlations between language sample analysis (LSA) and a standardized language tool.

Method

Two hundred four 3-year-olds (103 born < 30 weeks, 101 born at term) recruited at birth provided a 10-min language sample and completed the Preschool Language Scales–Fifth Edition (I. Zimmerman, Steiner, & Pond, 2011). LSA was conducted using the Systematic Analysis of Language Transcripts and Index of Productive Syntax. Group differences were analyzed using linear regression, and Pearson correlation coefficient (coef) was used to determine correlations between measures.

Results

Children born < 30 weeks scored lower than term-born peers on multiple metrics when controlled for confounding factors (sex, high social risk, multilingualism, and diagnosed neurodevelopmental disorders), including mean length of utterance in morphemes (coef = –0.28, 95% confidence interval [CI] [–0.56, 0.01]) and words (coef = –0.29, 95% CI [–0.53, –0.05]), number of different word roots (coef = –10.04, 95% CI [–17.93, –2.14]), and Index of Productive Syntax sentence structures (coef = –1.81, 95% CI [–3.10, –0.52]). Other variables (e.g., number of utterances, number of nouns and adjectives) were not significantly different between groups. LSA and the Preschool Language Scales–Fifth Edition were at most moderately correlated (≤ .45).

Conclusions

Three-year-old children born preterm demonstrated poorer conversational language than children born at term, with some specific areas of deficit emerging. Furthermore, formal assessment and LSA appear to provide relatively distinct and yet complementary data to guide diagnostic and intervention decisions.

Supplemental Material

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.11368073
Consensus seeking for heterogeneous networks of agents with non‐convex constraints and switching topologies
Authors: Xu Wentao , Huang Yi , Zhou Xiaojun
Published: December 2019

This study focuses on the problem of constraint consensus of discrete‐time multi‐agent systems with high‐order heterogeneity. It is assumed that the agents are of different orders in such systems ranging from order 1 to l and the velocity of each agent is constrained to lie in a non‐convex set. This study proposes a distributed constraint control algorithm which guarantees the agents converge to a common point through the use of local information. Model transformations of the system matrix are performed in this study, so that the authors can utilise the properties of the stochastic matrix. Meanwhile, the boundness of state‐dependent stochastic matrices and the convexity of stochastic matrices are analysed and explored in detail. Finally, a numerical example is given to illustrate the correctness of the results.
Performance evaluation of RQ non‐parametric CFAR detector in multiple target and non‐uniform clutter
Authors: Meng Xiangwei
Published: December 2019

The performance analysis of the rank quantisation (RQ) non‐parametric constant false alarm rate (CFAR) detector in homogeneous and non‐homogeneous backgrounds is carried out. A closed‐form expression of the false alarm rate of the RQ detector at clutter edges is derived. It is shown that the RQ detector pays an additional loss of about 3 dB in detection performance relative to the cell averaging (CA)‐CFAR with incoherent integration in homogeneous background, but it can accommodate a number of strong interfering targets within the reference window. When both of the heavy and the weak clutters follow a Rayleigh distribution, the rise of false alarm rate for the RQ detector at clutter edges lies between that of the CA‐CFAR and the ordered statistic (OS)‐CFAR with incoherent integration. If the Weibull distributed clutter with a long tail moves into the reference window, the rise of the false alarm rate of the CA‐CFAR, the OS‐CFAR and the greatest‐of‐CFAR with incoherent integration reaches a peak of more than three orders of magnitude, and cannot return to the original design Pfa. However, the RQ detector reveals its inherent virtue that it can maintain a CFAR despite the changes in the underlying distributions of observed data.
The intergalactic medium transmission towards z ≳ 4 galaxies with VANDELS and the impact of dust attenuation
Authors: Thomas R. , Pentericci L. , Le Fevre O. , Zamorani G. , Schaerer D. , Amorin R. , Castellano M. , Carnall A. C. , Cristiani S. , Cullen F. , Finkelstein S. L. , Fontanot F. , Guaita L. , Hibon P. , Hathi N. , Fynbo J. P. U. , Khusanova Y. , Koekemoer A. M. , McLeod D. , McLure R. J. , Marchi F. , Pozzetti L. , Saxena A. , Talia M. , Bolzonella M.
Published: December 2019

Aims. Our aim is to estimate the intergalactic medium (IGM) transmission towards UV-selected star-forming galaxies at z ≳ 4 and study the effect of the dust attenuation on these measurements.

Methods. The UV spectrum of high-redshift galaxies is a combination of their intrinsic emission and the effect of the IGM absorption along their line of sight. Using data coming from the unprecedentedly deep spectroscopy from the VANDELS ESO public survey carried out with the VIMOS instrument, we compute both the dust extinction and the mean transmission of the IGM as well as its scatter from a set of 281 galaxies at z >  3.87. Because of a degeneracy between the dust content of the galaxy and the IGM, we first estimate the stellar dust extinction parameter E(B − V) and study the result as a function of the dust prescription. Using these measurements as constraint for the spectral fit we estimate the IGM transmission Tr(Lyα). Both photometric and spectroscopic spectral energy distribution fits are performed using the SPectroscopy And photometRy fiTting tool for Astronomical aNalysis which is able to fit the spectral continuum of the galaxies as well as photometric data.

Results. Using the classical Calzetti attenuation law we find that E(B − V) goes from 0.11 at z = 3.99 to 0.08 at z = 5.15. These results are in very close agreement with published measurements. We estimate the IGM transmission and find that the transmission is decreasing with increasing redshift from Tr(Lyα) = 0.53 at z = 3.99 to 0.28 at z = 5.15. We also find a large standard deviation around the average transmission that is more than 0.1 at every redshift. Our results are in very good agreement with both previous measurements from AGN studies and with theoretical models.
Emotionale Dysbalance in der Menopause
Authors: Daling Dominik , Klass Elke , Hinze Katharina , Löwensprung Natalie Rosenhauer von
Published: December 2019

Vier Experten stellen die Behandlung von Emotionaler Dysbalance in der Menopause mithilfe der TCM, Homöopathie, Phytotherapie und Anthroposophie vor.
Zerebrovaskuläre Ereignisse, Kopfschmerzen und Livedo racemosa – Blickdiagnose?
Authors: Krämer Stefan , Richter Georg , Goldammer Uwe , Sindern Eckhart
Published: December 2019

Das Sneddon-Syndrom ist eine seltene Erkrankung, gekennzeichnet durch zerebrovaskuläre Ereignisse und Livedo racemosa. Häufig bestehen autoimmunologische Komorbiditäten, insbesondere das Antiphospholipid-Antikörper-Syndrom. Die Pathophysiologie ist weiterhin nicht vollständig geklärt. Eine kausale Therapie existiert nicht. Der berichtete Fall zeigt eine Patientin mit einer thrombophilen Form des Sneddon-Syndroms mit den Leitsymptomen Kopfschmerz und thromboembolische Ereignisse. Es werden die Symptome, Laborparameter, Histologie und Differentialdiagnosen erläutert.
Medikamentöse Therapieoptionen der akuten Herzinsuffizienz
Authors: Flierl Ulrike , Bauersachs Johann
Published: December 2019

Die akute Herzinsuffizienz ist eine lebensbedrohliche Erkrankung und geht oft mit einer Stauungskomponente einher. Anhand der klinischen Präsentation des Patienten muss die optimale Therapiestrategie zur akuten Stabilisierung entschieden werden. Diuretika sowie Vasodilatoren sind die Mittel der Wahl bei gestauten, normo- bis hypertensiven Patienten. Bei relevanter Hypotension sowie kardiogenem Schock kommen Vasopressoren sowie Inotropika zur Anwendung. Präferiert werden hier Noradrenalin sowie Dobutamin. Levosimendan, ein Kalzium-Sensitizer, bewirkt als Inotropikum Adrenorezeptor-unabhängig eine Erhöhung des Herzzeitvolumens sowie eine Vasodilatation und scheint im Gegensatz zu Katecholaminen/Vasopressoren nicht mit einer erhöhten Letalität assoziiert zu sein. Letztlich bleibt die Datenlage zu Inotropika, Vasopressoren und Vasodilatoren schwach, sodass die Anwendung lediglich eine kurzzeitige Überbrückung darstellt und eine frühe zielgerichtete Therapiestrategie im Vordergrund stehen sollte.
Aussichtslose Fälle? Ändere deine Sichtweise!
Authors: Gillhofer Heidi , Wagner Johannes
Published: December 2019

Ein 3-wöchiger Aufenthalt in einer Rehabilitationsklinik für Stoffwechselerkrankungen ermöglicht vieles, was ambulant nicht geschehen würde. Befreit von den Alltagsroutinen wie Arbeit und Haushalt, wird der Mensch aufnahmebereit für Neues. Motivationsaufbau und Selbstermächtigung verstärken sein gesundheitsförderliches Verhalten. Viele stellen ihre Bewegungs- und Ernährungsgewohnheiten sogar erfolgreich lebenslang um. Einigen Menschen ist dies jedoch nicht möglich. Hier geraten die Ärzte und Berater an ihre Grenzen, wenn der Patient zum wiederholten Male mit schlechtem HbA1c-Wert und unverändert adipös in der Reha auftaucht. Austherapiert und bedrohlich, hilft die 5. Wiederholung? Spätestens jetzt muss neben der klassisch medizinischen Behandlung auch der Behandlungskontext und die individuelle Bedeutungsreaktion Beachtung finden. Als Psychologin im Team greife ich nun auf den lösungsfokussierten Ansatz von De Jong und Berg zurück, um neben den zu erforschenden Schwierigkeiten die Freude auf die Zukunft zu wecken.
Kohlenhydratrestriktion bei Typ-2-Diabetes aus Sicht des Präventivmediziners
Authors: Johannes Scholl
Published: December 2019

Die Verminderung der Kohlenhydratzufuhr im Austausch gegen mehr Eiweiß und Fett verbessert den Glukosestoffwechsel bei Typ-2-Diabetespatienten und kann in einem hohen Prozentsatz sogar eine Diabetesremission ermöglichen. Darüber hinaus bewirkt die Restriktion der Kohlenhydratzufuhr eine erhebliche Verbesserung der triglyzeridreichen Lipoproteine und damit des non-HDL-Cholesterins bei gleichzeitigem Anstieg des HDL-Cholesterins. Ein leichter Anstieg des LDL-Cholesterins ist durch die Zunahme der LDL-Partikelgröße bedingt, wohingegen die kleinen, dichten LDL-Partikel (sd-LDL) und das Apolipoprotein B als Maß für die Anzahl der LDL-Partikel abnehmen. Insgesamt zeigen Interventionsstudien mit Reduktion der Kohlenhydratzufuhr eine Verbesserung des kardiovaskulären Risikoprofils bei Typ-2-Diabetespatienten.
Von Niere und Dünndarm ins Becken
Authors: Blumbach Christian
Published: December 2019

Ein venöser Rückstau in der linken Vena testicularis/ovarica kann langfristig zu Leiden wie Fertilitätsstörungen und Dysmenorrhö führen. Eine Ptose der linken Niere oder des Dünndarms kann einen venösen Rückstau in der linken Vena testicularis / ovarica (mit)verursachen. Die osteopathische Behandlung des nierenassoziierten Rückstaus setzt an der Nierenfaszie an, die Behandlung des dünndarmassoziierten Rückstaus am Dünndarmpaket.
Wall Shear Stress Measurement by Ultrafast Vector Flow Imaging for Atherosclerotic Carotid Stenosis
Authors: Goudot Guillaume , Poree Jonathan , Pedreira Olivier , Khider Lina , Julia Pierre , Alsac Jean-Marc , Laborie Emeline , Mirault Tristan , Tanter Mickael , Messas Emmanuel , Pernot Mathieu
Published: December 2019

Objective Carotid plaque vulnerability assessment could guide the decision to perform endarterectomy. Ultrafast ultrasound imaging (UF) can evaluate local flow velocities over an entire 2D image, allowing measurement of the wall shear stress (WSS). We aimed at evaluating the feasibility of WSS measurement in a prospective series of patients with carotid stenosis.

Methods UF acquisitions, performed with a linear probe, had an effective frame rate of 5000 Hz. The flow velocity was imaged over the entire plaque area. WSS was computed with the vector field speed using the formula:

with

the blood velocity and μ, the blood viscosity. The WSS measurement method was validated using a calibrated phantom. In vivo, WSS was analyzed in 5 areas of the carotid wall: common carotid artery, plaque ascent, plaque peak, plaque descent, internal carotid artery.

Results Good correlation was found between in vitro measurement and the theoretical WSS values (R2 = 0.95; p < 0.001). 33 patients were prospectively evaluated, with a median carotid stenosis degree of 80 % [75–85]. The maximum WSS value over the cardiac cycle follows the shape of the plaque with an increase during the ascent, reaching its maximum value of 3.25 Pa [2.26–4.38] at the peak of the plaque, and a decrease after passing of the peak (0.93 Pa [0.80–1.19]) lower than the WSS values in the non-stenotic areas (1.47 Pa [1.12–1.77] for the common carotid artery).

Conclusion UF allowed local and direct evaluation of the plaque’s WSS, thus better characterizing local hemodynamics to identify areas of vulnerability.

Key Points:
Die Nadel im Heuhaufen
Authors: Stör Wolfram
Published: December 2019

Ein persönlicher Bericht Geschichte der Ärztlichen Akupunkturim deutschsprachigen Raum aus Sicht des Autors.Er hat dieSituation seit Mitte der 1980er Jahre beobachtetund aktiv mitgestaltet.Der Bericht erhebt keinen Anspruch auf die vollständigeDarstellung des historischen Verlaufs. Er beschäftigt sichmit den Fragen auf welchen Fundamenten die Akupunkturim deutschsprachigenRaum ruht, wie die Etablierungausgerechnet der Akupunktur gelang und welcheAufgaben die Zukunft bereithält.
Associação do polimorfismo IL-6 -174G > C (rs1800795) com escoliose idiopática da adolescência: Evidências de um estudo de caso-controle e metanálise
Authors: Sobhan Mohammad Reza , Mahdinezhad-Yazdi Masoud , Dastgheib Seyed Alireza , Ahrar Hossein , Aghili Kazem , Neamatzadeh Hossein
Published: December 2019

Estudos epidemiológicos recentes identificaram que o polimorfismo -174G > C (rs1800795) na região promotora do gene interleucina-6 (IL-6) está associado ao risco de desenvolver escoliose idiopática da adolescência (EIA), mas apresentaram resultados inconsistentes e controversos. Assim, realizamos um estudo de caso-controle e metanálise para obter uma estimativa mais precisa da relação entre o polimorfismo IL-6 -174G > C e o risco de desenvolver EIA. Um total de 80 pacientes com EIA e 80 controles saudáveis pareados foram genotipados usando o ensaio de reação em cadeia de polimerase de polimorfismos de comprimento de fragmentos de restrição (RCP-PCFR). Além disso, todos os estudos elegíveis publicados até junho de 2018 foram identificados por meio de uma pesquisa nas bases de dados PubMed, EMBASE, Google Scholar e China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI). Calculamos as razões de probabilidades (RPs) e os intervalos de confiança de 95% (ICs95%) para avaliar a associação. Um total de 10 estudos elegíveis compreendendo 1.695 casos de EIA e 2.097 controles saudáveis foram incluídos na metanálise. Os dados agrupados sugeriram uma associação significativa entre o polimorfismo IL-6 -174G > C e a suscetibilidade a desenvolver EIA que foi demonstrada em quatro modelos genéticos, ou seja, alélico (C versus G; RP = 0,671; IC95%: 0,457–0,985; p = 0,042), heterozigótico (GC versus GG; RP = 0,734; IC95%: 0,554–0,973; p = 0,032), dominante (CC + GC versus GG; RP = 0,660; IC95%: 0,440–0,990; p = 0,044) e recessivo (CC versus CG + GG; RP = 0,506; IC95%: 0,264–0,970; p = 0,040). A análise de estratificação por etnia revelou um aumento do risco de desenvolver EIA em caucasianos, mas não em asiáticos. Esta metanálise, que é inconsistente com relação à metanálise anterior, sugere que o polimorfismo IL-6 -174G > C pode aumentar a suscetibilidade individual para desenvolver EIA, especialmente em caucasianos, e pode servir como um biomarcador para prever a população com alto risco de desenvolver EIA.
Estudo morfométrico do atlas
Authors: Filho Narcelio Mendes Ferreira , Arantes Ricardo , do Nascimento Anderson Luis , Herrero Carlos Fernando Pereira da Silva
Published: December 2019

Objetivo Determinar os parâmetros anatômicos do atlas (C1) em uma amostra da população brasileira, compará-los aos resultados já apresentados na literatura para outras populações e, assim, identificar e alterar as indicações dos implantes utilizados no tratamento das afecções da coluna cervical alta.

Métodos Foi realizado um estudo observacional retrospectivo de um banco de dados prospectivo, incluindo 100 pacientes atendidos entre janeiro de 2012 a dezembro de 2013. Foram utilizados cortes axiais e sagitais de tomografias computadorizadas (TCs). Os parâmetros estudados foram; axial: ponto de entrada do parafuso (DTPPE), ângulo de segurança (ADSPA), tamanho ideal do parafuso (TPA) e tamanho da massa lateral entre os forames vertebral e transverso (DCVFT); sagital: tamanho ideal do parafuso (TPS), ângulo de segurança (ADSPS) e espessura do arco posterior (EAP). Todos os parâmetros foram divididos de acordo com a idade, gênero e lado esquerdo e direito.

Resultados A média mínima do ponto de entrada variou de 20 mm a 22,7 mm. A zona de segurança média variou de 18,09° a 23,68°. A espessura média do arco posterior variou entre 7,21 mm e 8,95 mm. As menores médias foram encontradas no sexo feminino. Por meio de uma técnica original e reprodutível de avaliação de TC.

Conclusão Os parâmetros anatômicos do atlas encontrados na amostra da população estudada foram semelhantes aos apresentados previamente na literatura. No entanto, foram observadas diferenças entre os sexos.
Ressecção de tumor ósseo guiado por Gamaprobe e avaliação do quadro álgico pós-operatório
Authors: Gomes Alberto Ramos , Quatrin Felipe Younes , Becker Nadiane Maciel , Zanella Ruan Carlo , Rocha Thércio Murilo Souza
Published: December 2019

O osteoma osteóide é uma neoplasia benigna comum em homens jovens; porém, pode atingir qualquer idade, acomete preferencialmente ossos longos, e é caracterizada por dor contínua e limitante que é aliviada por salicilatos. É uma lesão de tamanho pequeno, composta por tecido osteóide imaturo, hipervascularização central e área esclerótica circundante. O diagnóstico é realizado pela clínica e auxiliado por exames de imagem, como radiografia comum e tomografia computadorizada. À radiografia, apresenta-se como uma lesão radiolucente central e esclerose periférica. A biópsia está indicada somente nos casos de dúvida diagnóstica. O tratamento cirúrgico envolve a ressecção do nicho, proporcionando maior alívio sintomático, assim como as técnicas percutâneas. A técnica de ressecção guiada por radioisótopo tem boa aceitação na comunidade científica por tornar o procedimento cirúrgico mais rápido e dirigido para a lesão, ainda que o padrão ouro de tratamento seja a técnica percutânea de ablação por radiofrequência. É válido ressaltar que, no presente estudo, todos os pacientes submetidos à resecção cirúrgica apresentaram regressão do quadro álgico.
Estudo anatômico do túnel radial e suas implicações nas síndromes compressivas
Authors: Caetano Edie Benedito , Vieira Luiz Angelo , Sabongi Neto João José , Caetano Maurício Benedito Ferreira , Sabongi Rodrigo Guerra , Nakamichi Yuri da Cunha
Published: December 2019

Objetivo O objetivo do presente estudo foi analisar as estruturas contidas no túnel radial que podem causar neuropatia compressiva do nervo interósseo posterior.

Métodos Foram dissecados 30 membros de 15 cadáveres adultos, preparados por injeção intra-arterial de uma solução de glicerina e formol a 10%. Todos do sexo masculino, pertencentes ao laboratório de anatomia desta instituição.

Resultados O ramo para o músculo supinador originou-se do nervo interósseo posterior em todos os membros. Identificamos a arcada de Frohse com uma constituição fibrosa bem desenvolvida em 22 dos 30 membros dissecados (73%) e de constituição muscular em 8 (23%) A margem distal do músculo supinador apresentou consistência fibrosa em 7 dos 30 membros (23,5%) e uma aparência muscular em 23 (76,5%). Na margem proximal do músculo extensor radial curto do carpo, identificamos a arcada fibrosa em 18 membros (60%); em 9 (30%), notamos a arcada de constituição muscular; e em três (10%) havia apenas a inserção radial, de maneira que não formava a arcada.

Conclusão A arcada de Frohse e a arcada formada pelas origens do músculo extensor radial curto do carpo são estruturas anatômicas normais em cadáveres adultos. No entanto, sob o ponto de vista clínico, essas estruturas têm potencial para causar a compressão do nervo interósseo posterior.
Identificação da artéria de Adamkiewicz usando angiotomografia computadorizada por multidetectores (ATCM)
Authors: Piola Flávio P.F. , Nogueira-Barbosa Marcello H. , Maranho Daniel A.C. , Martins Adélson A. , Barbosa Maurício F. , Herrero Carlos F.P. Silva
Published: December 2019

Objetivo Avaliar a artéria de Adamkiewicz por angiotomografia computadorizada por multidetectores (ATCM) em uma população brasileira.

Métodos Dois observadores independentes avaliaram 86 exames de ACTM. As variáveis estudadas incluíram a identificação da artéria de Adamkiewicz no nível de origem e o lado de entrada da artéria na coluna vertebral.

Resultados A artéria de Adamkiewicz foi identificada em 71 (82,5%) exames. O nível de origem foi identificado entre a 9a e a 11a vértebras torácicas (T9 e T11) em 56 (79,2%) pacientes. Em 65 (91,5%) pacientes, a artéria foi identificada no lado esquerdo. A identificação da artéria de Adamkiewicz usando ACTM mostrou elevada reprodutibilidade.

Conclusões Obtivemos resultados consistentes com os da literatura prévia quanto à identificação da artéria de Adamkiewicz utilizando angiotomografia computadorizada por multidetectores. Nossos resultados sugerem que a ATCM pode ser considerada como uma opção para identificar a artéria de Adamkiewicz. Além disso, encontramos uma distribuição da artéria de Adamkiewicz na população brasileira semelhante à de outras populações, com a artéria de Adamkiewicz originando-se mais comumente no lado esquerdo, entre a 8a e a 12a vértebras torácicas (T8–T12).
Latarjet artroscópico: Descrição de técnica cirúrgica e resultados preliminares. Estudo de 30 primeiros casos
Authors: Castropil Wagner , Schor Breno , Bitar Alexandre , Medina Giovanna , Ribas Luiz Henrique , Mendes Carlos
Published: December 2019

Objetivo A realização da cirurgia de Latarjet por via artroscópica tem sido possível pelo desenvolvimento de instrumentais adequados e um protocolo para cirurgia estabelecido e reprodutível, que promete uma técnica mais precisa e com menor incidência de complicações. O objetivo do presente estudo foi fazer uma breve descrição de técnica cirúrgica e avaliar as complicações de curto prazo após a cirurgia de Latarjet por via artroscópica para correção de luxação anterior do ombro com perda óssea glenoidal.

Método Estudo retrospectivo com 30 pacientes com instabilidade anterior do ombro, operados com a técnica de Latarjet por via artroscópica. Foram feitas avaliação das complicações intraoperatórias e pós-operatório de curto prazo e documentação de necessidade de reintervenções.

Resultados Cinco casos tiveram complicação (16,7%), sendo que nos últimos 10 casos nenhuma complicação foi observada. Em 1 caso (3,3%) foi necessária conversão para cirurgia aberta por fratura do processo coracoide no momento de fixação na glenoide. Nenhum outro caso apresentou complicação intraoperatória. Não houve infecção nos casos operados. Dois casos (6,7%) evoluíram com neuropraxia temporária do musculocutâneo, revertida com fisioterapia. Em tempo de seguimento de 6 a 26 meses, 2 pacientes (6,7%) necessitaram de nova intervenção para retirada do material de síntese e liberação articular por excessiva limitação da rotação externa. Não houve caso de recidiva.

Conclusão O procedimento de Latarjet artroscópico se mostrou seguro e com baixa incidência de complicações de curto prazo para correção da luxação anterior no ombro com perda óssea na glenoide mesmo em curva inicial de aprendizagem.
Analysis of Outcomes in Living Donor Liver Transplants Involving Reconstructive Microsurgeons
Authors: Hernandez Jorge Andres , Mullens Cody L. , Aoyama Julien T. , Ligh Cassandra A. , Shaked Abraham , Olthoff Kim M. , Abt Peter L. , Levin L. Scott , Kovach Stephen J.
Published: December 2019

Background Living donor transplantation is becoming increasingly popular as a modality for patients necessitating liver transplantation. Hepatic artery thrombosis (HAT) remains the most feared acute postoperative complication associated with living-donor liver transplantation. Preoperative planning, including scheduling reconstructive microsurgeons to perform the hepatic artery anastomosis using a surgical microscope or loupes, can decrease HAT rates.

Methods A retrospective review of two reconstructive microsurgeons at a single institution was performed to analyze postoperative outcomes of adult and pediatric live donor liver transplants where reconstructive microsurgeons performed the hepatic artery anastomosis. One surgeon utilized the surgical microscope, while the other surgeon opted to use surgical loupes for the anastomosis.

Results A total of 38 patients (30 adult and eight pediatric) met inclusion criteria for this study, and average patient age in the adult and pediatric population studied was 48.5 and 3.6 years, respectively. Etiologies of adult patients' liver failure were most commonly cholestatic (43%), followed by alcohol (23%), hepatitis C virus-related cirrhosis (17%), and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (7%), while etiologies of pediatric liver failure were most commonly cholestatic (62.5%). None of the patients (0%) experienced acute postoperative HAT. On average, 22 and 25 months of postoperative follow-up was obtained for the adult and pediatric cohorts, respectively, and only one adult patient was found to have any liver-related complication.

Conclusion A collaborative relationship between reconstructive microsurgeons and transplant surgeons mitigates the risk of HAT and improves patient outcomes in living donor liver transplantation.
Spin-dependent electron transfer dynamics in a platinum-complex–donor–acceptor triad studied by transient-absorption detected magnetic field effect
Authors: Miura Tomoaki , Miyaji Kio , Horikoshi Takafumi , Suzuki Shuichi , Kozaki Masatoshi , Okada Keiji , Ikoma Tadaaki
Published: December 2019

For realization of efficient organic light-energy conversion systems, controlling the lifetime of photogenerated charge separated states in donor (D)–acceptor (A) molecules is of much importance; the spin dynamics is one of the important controlling factors. We previously reported that the covalently-linked 1,3-bis(2-pyridylimino)-isoindolate platinum (BPIPt)–dimethoxytriphenylamine (D)–naphthaldiimide (A) triad molecule (BPIPt–DA) exhibits a triplet-born long-lived charge separated state (BPIPt–D•+A•−), the lifetime of which is significantly increased from 4 µs to 10 µs by an applied magnetic field of 270 mT in room temperature tetrahydrofuran (THF). The purpose of the present study is to clarify detailed dynamics of spin-dependent generation and the decay of BPIPt–D+A−. For this purpose, we measured transient optical absorption (TA) and the TA-detected magnetic field effect (MFE) as functions of temperature and dispersion media. In THF at 183 K, MFE-detected transient spectra of the intermediate BPIPt•−–D•+A state are observed. We have successfully quantified the recombination loss at this state by a kinetic simulation of MFE without using any reference molecules. The lifetime of the final BPIPt–D•+A•− state in a cellulose acetate polymer matrix at room temperature is significantly prolonged to 20 µs at 0 mT and 96 µs at 250 mT compared to those in THF. From the comparison of temperature dependences of the two media, effects of molecular motions on the electronic coupling and the spin relaxation are discussed.
Network physiology in insomnia patients: Assessment of relevant changes in network topology with interpretable machine learning models
Authors: Jansen Christoph , Penzel Thomas , Hodel Stephan , Breuer Stefanie , Spott Martin , Krefting Dagmar
Published: December 2019

Network physiology describes the human body as a complex network of interacting organ systems. It has been applied successfully to determine topological changes in different sleep stages. However, the number of network links can quickly grow above the number of parameters that are typically analyzed with standard statistical methods. Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) are a promising approach as they are successful in large parameter spaces, such as in digital imaging. On the other hand, ANN models do not provide an intrinsic approach to interpret their predictions, and they typically require large training data sets. Both aspects are critical in biomedical research. Medical decisions need to be explainable, and large data sets of quality assured patient and control data are rare. In this paper, different models for the classification of insomnia—a common sleep disorder—have been trained with 59 patients and age and gender matched controls, based on their physiological networks. Feature relevance evaluation is employed for all methods. For ANNs, the extrinsic interpretation method DeepLift is applied. The results are not identical across methods, but certain network links have been rated as relevant by all or most of the models. While ANNs show less classification accuracy (0.89) than advanced tree-based models (0.92 and 0.93), DeepLift provides an in-depth ANN interpretation with feature relevance scores for individual data samples. The analysis revealed modifications in the pulmonar, ocular, and cerebral subnetworks that have not been described before but are consistent with known findings on the physiological impact of insomnia.
Berestycki-Lions conditions on ground state solutions for Kirchhoff-type problems with variable potentials
Authors: Chen Sitong , Tang Xianhua
Published: December 2019

Based on the strategy introduced by Chen and Tang [Adv. Nonlinear Anal. 9, 496–515 (2020)] and some new tricks, we prove that the nonlinear problem of Kirchhoff-type −a+b∫R3|∇u|2dx△u+V(x)u=f(u), x∈R3 in H1(R3) admits two classes of ground state solutions under the general “Berestycki-Lions assumptions” on the nonlinearity f, which are almost necessary conditions, as well as some weak assumptions on the potential V. Moreover, we also give a simple minimax characterization of the ground state energy. Our results improve and extend recent theorems in several directions.
Finitely presented nilsemigroups: complexes with the property of uniform ellipticity
Authors: Ivanov-Pogodaev I. A. , Kanel-Belov A. Ya.
Published: December 2019

This paper is the first in a series of three devoted to constructing a finitely presented infinite nilsemigroup satisfying the identity

. This solves a problem of Lev Shevrin and Mark Sapir.

In this first part we obtain a sequence of complexes formed of squares (

-cycles) having the following geometric properties.

1) Complexes are uniformly elliptic. A space is said to be uniformly elliptic if there is a constant

such that in the set of shortest paths of length

connecting points

and

there are two paths such that the distance between them is at most

. In this case, the distance between paths with the same beginning and end is defined as the maximal distance between the corresponding points.

2) Complexes are nested. A complex of level

is obtained from a complex of level

by adding several vertices and edges according to certain rules.

3) Paths admit local transformations. Assume that we can transform paths by replacing a path along two sides of a minimal square by the path along the other two sides. Two shortest paths with the same ends can be transformed into each other locally if these ends are vertices of a square in the embedded complex.

The geometric properties of the sequence of complexes will be further used to define finitely presented semigroups.