bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Tocolytic effect of combined sildenafil citrate and nifedepine versus nifedipine alone for management of preterm labour at a tertiary centre
Authors: Karya Urmila , Rani Anupam , Srivastava Anshi
Published: March 2021

Background: This study was conducted to evaluate tocolytic effect of sildenafil citrate and nifedipine versus nifedipine alone for management of preterm labour.Methods: Prospective randomized study on 80 women aged 18-35 years with singleton pregnancy of 28-34 weeks gestation with preterm labour, fulfilling the inclusion criteria were randomly divided in two groups of 40 each. In regimen A women were given sildenafil citrate and nifedipine while in regimen B nifedipine alone for 72 hours as tocolysis.Results: Higher mean latency in sildenafil and nifedipine combination regimen compared to nifedipine alone regimen (28.23±18.3 versus 12.98±13.35 days, p<0.001). In regimen A, less days of hospital stay (3.23±0.92 versus 3.9±0.38 days, p<0.0001); improve perinatal outcomes in form of fewer deliveries during hospitalization or within 7 days after discharge (p=0.018); reduction in NICU admission (0.68±1.54 versus 3.18±4.61 days, p=0.002); improvement in birth weight (p<0.001) and fewer neonatal complications. Only minor side-effects like facial flushing (42.5% versus 22.5%, p=0.029), headache (40% versus 25%), dyspepsia (15% versus 2.5%, p=0.047), nasal congestion, palpitation, hypotension, constipation, nausea, dizziness were seen.Conclusions: Our study found combination of sildenafil citrate with nifedipine as superior and successful regimen with future potential as a tocolytic therapy.
Study of impact of COVID-19 infection on ectopic pregnancy in a tertiary care center
Authors: Chavan Niranjan N. , Rajput Hitendrasing D. , Wade Dinesh , . Shikhanshi
Published: March 2021

Background: COVID-19 is an infectious disease caused by a recently discovered coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2). Most of the people infected with the coronavirus will experience mild to moderate respiratory illness and recover without requiring any special treatment. In current study we have studied impact COVID-19 pandemic on clinical outcome and management of ectopic pregnancy.Methods: Women with confirmed or suspected ectopic pregnancy admitted in emergency for further management and tested via nasopharyngeal (NP) or oropharyngeal swab for SARS-CoV-2 using reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) from April 1, 2020 to November 30, 2020 were included in the study.Results: In our study out of 32 case of ectopic pregnancy, 3 patients were COVID-19 positive. Total non COVID-19 patients were 29. Out of 32 ectopic pregnancies only 4 were unruptured ectopic pregnancy and rest 28 had ruptured ectopic pregnancy. Mortality among ectopic pregnancy was noted only in 1 case (3.12%).Conclusions: Timely diagnosis and initiating management at first point of care can reduce the morbidity and mortality due to ectopic pregnancy. Patient’s knowledge attitude and awareness will be achieved through health education. Women with clinical signs and physical symptoms of a ruptured ectopic pregnancy, such as hemodynamic instability or an acute abdomen, should be evaluated and treated urgently. In pandemic situation where some part of hospital facilities devoted to COVID-19 patients, so planned distribution of resources to tackle medical emergency will bear fruitful positive outcome.
Pregnancy related breast cancer: report of three cases
Authors: Chatbi Zaineb , Sarsar Saloua , Taheri Hafsa , Saadi Hanane , Mimoni Ahmed
Published: March 2021

Pregnancy-related breast cancer is deﬁned as breast cancer diagnosed during pregnancy or within a year after delivery. In current report, 3 cases of breast cancer, diagnosed during pregnancy are presented. Different diagnostic challenges, different therapeutic methods and major influences of breast cancer on obstetrical outcomes are also discussed in current report. In current case series, the three patients had ages of 36, 40 and 44 years old. They were all diagnosed as having breast cancer during pregnancy. Diagnosis was achieved using imaging, and histopathology through breast biopsy. The histological type was not otherwise specified breast cancer in all three cases. Delivery was vaginal in two cases and through caesarean section in one case. Interruption of pregnancy was performed in one case. A bad prognosis was observed in one patient with death after chemotherapy and surgery, and a favourable evolution was observed in the two other cases. The management of this complex entity must be multidisciplinary.
Ovarian dysgerminoma: a case report
Authors: Wakode Shamrao Ramji , Bhat Varsha Narayana
Published: March 2021

An ovarian dysgerminoma is a rare, malignant tumour occurring in young women, accounting for 1% to 2% of all primary ovarian neoplasms. A 22 years old female presented with 6 months of amenorrhea and lump in the abdomen. Her physical examination was remarkable with 36 weeks sized huge abdominal mass. Subsequent computed tomography revealed 22×23×32.4 cm mixed density lesion in pelvi-abdominal region and multiple paraaortic and mesenteric lymph node with gross pleural effusion. On further evaluation raised beta-hcG and LDH were noted and hence dysgerminoma was suspected. Total abdominal hysterectomy with right salpingo-ophorectomy with resection of tumour mass with partial omentectomy and lymphadenectomy was performed. Histopathology reports were suggestive of dysgerminoma.
A comparative study of the outcome of tympanoplasty in dry and wet ear
Authors: Kumararama Sharath Babu , Santhosham Kirubakaran Samuel
Published: March 2021

Background: Many factors which influence the success rate of tympanic membrane closure, including age of the patient, size of the perforation, duration of the ear discharge, the presence or absence of infective discharge at the time of surgery. Aim was to find the effect of this discharge from the ear on the success of tympanoplasty.  

Methods: This is prospective study which was conducted on 100 cases with 50 patients each in dry and wet ear group. The study was conducted on patients of age 6 years to 60 years and of either sex presenting with chronic otitis media.   

Results: Ear discharge for less than 10 years, 78% in dry ear group and 81% in wet ear group. Around 64% had hearing impairment for<5 years in dry ear group and 60% in wet ear group. The size of perforation in dry ear group, medium size perforation was found predominant 46%, large in 42% and small in 12% patients. In wet ear group 46% patients had medium, 16% patients small and 38% patient’s large perforation. Hearing improvement seen in 35 (70%) cases and worsening in 3 (6%) cases in dry ear group and 38 (76%) hearing improvement, 3 (6%) worsening in wet ear group.

Conclusions: Graft failure was 4(8%) in dry ear and 5(10%) in wet ear. Hearing worsened in 6% cases in dry and wet ear group both. No other complications were seen in patients during follow up.

 
Evaluation of the role of middle ear risk index as a prognostic tool in cases of tympanoplasty in chronic suppurative otitis media
Authors: Saidha Poonam K. , Kapoor Sahil , Suri Arpita , Gupta Ayushi , Kakkar Vikas
Published: March 2021

Background: In chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM), the success rate of tympanoplasty, can range from 35% to 92% and is influenced by a number of factors such as age of patient, size and site of perforation, status of ear, ossicular status and surgical technique. The middle ear risk index (MERI) of a CSOM patient is an effective numerical grading system helpful in predicting the outcome of surgery.  

Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted in 50 patients over a period of 1 year including all cases of CSOM in age group of 18-55 years with conductive hearing loss that underwent tympanoplasty with or without cortical mastoidectomy and role of MERI was analysed for the outcome of the surgery.  

Results: Successful graft uptake was seen in 92% cases while in 8% cases graft was rejected. Of these 46 cases, 32 cases had mild MERI score, 10 had moderate MERI score and 4 had severe MERI score. It was observed that higher the MERI score, lower the graft uptake.  

Conclusions: Our study comprised of 50 patients of CSOM which were categorized into mild, moderate and severe on the basis of MERI score preoperatively. All the patients underwent tympanoplasty with or without cortical mastoidectomy and surgical outcome in terms of graft uptake was found to be significant. Higher the MERI score, lower was the graft uptake while lower the MERI score, higher was the graft uptake. Hence, MERI is a useful tool to ascertain the prognosis of tympanoplasty.
El diálogo público-privado para la formulación de políticas productivas: La experiencia de las mesas sectoriales en Argentina (2016-2019)
Authors: Obaya Martín , Stein Ernesto H.
Published: March 2021

Este trabajo analiza la experiencia de Argentina con las Mesas Sectoriales, un instrumento de diálogo público-privado desplegado en el periodo 2016-2019 bajo la responsabilidad del Ministerio de la Producción. Luego de un proceso de aprendizaje, las mesas sectoriales se consolidaron como un mecanismo importante al interior del gobierno para el diseño de instrumentos de política productiva. Las mesas sectoriales permitieron identificar y dar visibilidad a ciertos obstáculos que afectaban el desarrollo de diversas actividades productivas. El mecanismo de mesas generó presiones para que aquellos actores del sector público con competencias para resolverlos prestaran la debida atención, pasando del diálogo y el diagnóstico a la acción, facilitando la coordinación y generando soluciones a los obstáculos identificados. Con el tiempo, las mesas sectoriales constituyeron un instrumento valorado por el conjunto de actores participantes. Un elemento clave de su éxito fue contar con apoyo al más alto nivel político, involucrando a los responsables de las agencias clave, a los ministros y al presidente mismo. Asimismo, se constituyó un equipo de gestión profesional de las mesas que fue fundamental para organizar el proceso de diálogo, dar seguimiento a los temas planteados y realizar las gestiones necesarias para que los compromisos asumidos sean cumplidos en tiempo y forma. El informe analiza las principales características de las mesas sectoriales, sus objetivos, modalidades de conducción política y gestión ejecutiva, las metodologías de implementación, los ejes de trabajo y los actores participantes.
Inter-American Development Bank Third Annual Report 1962
Authors:   Inter-American Development Bank
Published: March 2021

The Third Annual Report contains a review of the Bank's operations in 1962.
O serviço postal enquanto serviço público e as agências franqueadas dos Correios
Authors: Bertoncini Mateus , Coelho de Sellos-Knoerr Viviane , Fogaça Rodrigues Tiago
Published: March 2021

Este artigo, por meio de revisão bibliográfica, pesquisa jurisprudencial e empregando o método dedutivo, investiga como é realizada a classificação do serviço postal enquanto serviço público e sua relação com o privilégio postal reservado ao Estado. Analisa o artigo 21, X, da Constituição de 1988, identificando o que a doutrina e o Supremo Tribunal Federal entendem por serviço postal em sentido estrito. Verifica as condições e limites para a transferência das atividades realizadas pela Empresa Brasileira de Correios e Telégrafos (Correios) para o setor privado, por meio de franquia empresarial, regulada pela Lei 13.966/2019.
Direito fundamental social à educação de qualidade: projeto de vida e possibilidade de dano existencial
Authors: Da Silva Rogério Luiz Nery , Masson Daiane Garcia
Published: March 2021

A presente pesquisa tem por tema o direito fundamental social à educação e adota como recorte o compromisso na prestação do serviço educacional que passou a receber o nome de “educação de qualidade”. O problema de pesquisa consiste em estudar a possibilidade de configuração de dano de natureza grave, identificado no direito como dano existencial, em virtude de falta de acesso à educação, seja pela falta de vagas no ensino escolar ou pela precariedade na qualidade do ensino disponibilizado aos pretensos estudantes. Como técnica opta-se a pesquisa bibliográfica, com aplicação do método dedutivo, pelo viés analítico-interpretativo. O objetivo geral está em identificar a configuração do dano existencial na hipótese de oferta precária de ensino, partindo-se dos objetivos intermediários: conceituar a educação de qualidade; identificar consequências de uma educação deficitária e delinear os contornos fáticos da categoria dano existencial. Para tanto, o estudo se faz estruturado em três partes: a primeira, que busca conceituar e delinear a necessidade de oferecimento de uma educação de qualidade; a segunda, que identifica as possíveis consequências danosas da oferta de ensino precário e, a terceira, que enfrenta a possibilidade de configuração de dano existencial pela prestação de serviço educacional deficiente.
O processo infeccioso da COVID-19 no regime de dados no Brasil: a LGPD como vacina em teste no tratamento de dados pessoais no setor público
Authors: Cristóvam José Sérgio Da Silva , Meinhart Hahn Tatiana
Published: March 2021

O artigo aborda os fundamentos normativos da coleta de dados estatísticos, o surgimento e a aplicação da Política de Dados Aberto (PDA) no Brasil, especialmente no que se refere aos dados de saúde. A partir do tratamento de dados realizados pelo Poder Público, demonstra-se o espaço comum que une esses dois conceitos à proteção de dados pessoais. Na segunda parte, diante do contexto atual de pandemia, são apresentados exemplos de ações do Governo federal quanto aos dados de saúde e como as ações estatais nessa matéria foram recebidas pelo Poder Judiciário e pela sociedade civil. Por fim, busca-se demonstrar como a gestão de dados abertos deve estar atrelada à proteção de dados pessoais enquanto instrumental à sinergia do setor público com o privado. A metodologia adotada é a dedutiva e a técnica de pesquisa é indireta com fonte bibliográfica.
Memorias científicas del II Congreso en Salud Mental Digital: transformando digitalmente la atención a la salud mental en Iberoamérica
Authors: Pérez Maraví Karen , Duque Moreno María
Published: March 2021

Alfabetización digital y usabilidad TIC en jóvenes con transtornos mentales.
On efficiency of vanadium-oxide promoter in cobalt Fischer – Tropsch catalysts
Authors: Yaghoobpour Elham , Zamani Yahya , Zarrinpashne Saeed , Zamaniyan Akbar
Published: March 2021

Promoters and their loading amount have crucial roles in cobalt Fischer – Tropsch catalysts. In this regard, the effects of vanadium oxide (V2O5) as a proposed promoter for Co catalyst supported on TiO2 have been investigated. Three catalysts with 0, 1, and 3 wt.% of V2O5 promoter loading are prepared by the incipient wetness impregnation method, and characterized by the BET surface area analyzer, XRD, H2-TPR, and TEM techniques. The fixed-bed reactor was employed for their evaluations. It was found that the catalyst containing 1 wt.% V2O5 has the best performance among the evaluated catalysts, demonstrating remarkable selectivity: 92 % C5+ and 5.7 % CH4, together with preserving the amount of CO conversion compared to the unpromoted catalyst. Furthermore, it is reported that the excess addition of V2O5 promoter (> 1 wt.%) in the introduced catalyst leads to the detrimental effect on the CO conversion and C5+ selectivity, mainly owing to diminished active sites by V2O5 loading.
Thermocatalytic decomposition of methane on carbon materials and its application in hydrogen production technologies
Authors: Osipov A. R. , Sidorchik I. A. , Shlyapin D. A. , Borisov V. A. , Leontieva N. N. , Lavrenov A. V.
Published: March 2021

It is topical now to find the ways of hydrogen production that would eliminate emission of carbon oxides into the atmosphere and provide implementation of the so-called low-carbon economy. The production of hydrogen via thermocatalytic methane decomposition (CMD) on carbon catalysts makes it possible to obtain not only a valuable environmentally friendly fuel represented by hydrogen but also various carbon materials that could be applied in different industries. The use of carbon catalysts is essential for economic efficiency of the methane decomposition process. This work is a review of CMD fundamentals and a brief report on the catalytic activity of carbon materials (activated carbon, carbon black, nanotubes and nanofibers) differing in their structure, physical and chemical properties, which were studied in the indicated process. The main problems and prospects for application of this technology were revealed.
Transformations of ethane and ethylene with methane on a resistive fechral catalyst in the presence of hydrogen
Authors: Osipov A. R. , Sidorchik I. A. , Borisov V. A. , Temerev V. L. , Shlyapin D. A.
Published: March 2021

Transformations of methane-ethane, methane-ethylene, hydrogen-ethane and hydrogen-ethylene mixtures on an electrically heated resistive fechral catalyst were studied. During the transformations, the catalyst surface becomes covered with graphitic carbon deposits, which exertan additional catalytic action leading to the formation of C3 and C4 hydrocarbons. The formation of the indicated hydrocarbons proceeds most likely with the involvement of ethylene produced from ethane. The presence of hydrogen suppresses coking of the catalyst surface and decreases the yields of C3 and C4 hydrocarbons.
Developing an Early Warning System Based on Correlation Analysis For Dengue Haemorrhagic Fever
Authors: . Sumiati , . Hidayat , . Suprono , . Fachrudin , . Satyaningsih
Published: March 2021

Several cities in Indonesia have been declared as Dengue Haemorrhagic Fever (DHF)-endemic areas, including East Jakarta, an administrative city of DKI Jakarta Province. Surveillance is the most important activity in controlling and monitoring the development of DHF. This ecological study was conducted to assess the correlation between DHF cases, vector density (Larva Free Index [LFI]) and climate (rainfall and humidity). While the DHF cases were collected from hospitals report, vector density data were obtained from public health centres and climate data were obtained from the Meteorological, Climatological, and Geophysical Agency (BMKG). The correlations between DHF cases, vector density, and the climate were analysed based on weekly data, from week 1 to week 33 of 2019. This study showed a consistent trend of increasing and decreasing DHF cases with rainfall and LFI. DHF cases and LFI had a strong negative correlation (r = –0.72) at a time lag of six weeks. LFI and rainfall also showed a strong negative correlation (r = –0.86) at a time lag of five weeks. The strongest correlation between DHF cases and rainfall was found at week 8 (r = 0.87). Humidity, also an indicator of climate, had a strong positive correlation (r = 0.80) with DHF cases at the 11th-week time lag. However, contrarily, humidity had a strong negative correlation with LFI at the 5th-week time lag. These findings can be used for developing an early warning system that is reinforced by utilizing the application of HDF–climate information.
Keywords: dengue fever, vector, climate, early warning system
Logistic Service Efficiency Using Value Stream Mapping Approach in the Pharmacy of Class-I Prison Clinic, Malang
Authors: Salsabilah Nabilah , Sri Redjeki Endang , Tristanti Puspitasari Sendhi
Published: March 2021

A clinic is a healthcare facility providing basic services for individual health, a pharmacy is one of the installations of a clinic. The task of a pharmacy as a unit of a clinic is to organize, coordinate, manage and supervise all pharmacy-related services. The logistics management activities at the Class-I Prison Clinic of Malang include planning, requesting, receiving, storing, distributing, controlling, recording and reporting, as well as monitoring and evaluation. The current research was conducted on the four activities of requesting, receiving, storing and distributing. This study utilized the Value Stream Mapping (VSM) theory as an effort to reduce waste. The study used a quantitative descriptive method with a cross-sectional design. A total of 97 samples including workers involved in logistics management activities and patients seeking treatment were chosen using an accidental sampling method with the Taro Yamene formula. Data were collected through documents, interviews and observations. The results obtained in the distribution process considered all four activities, however, there was still some waste during the process. The calculated value added ratio (VAR) was 61.46%, which means that the clinic implements a lean management.
Keywords: logistic management, distribution, value stream mapping, drugs
Relationship Between Personal Protective Equipment Use and Contact Dermatitis in Palm Oil Pesticide Workers
Authors: Waren Annes , Ayuningtiyas Ratih , Wahyuda Aradana
Published: March 2021

Contact dermatitis is the most common occupation-related dermatological disease. Skin contact with chemicals that are irritants or allergens continuously cause vulnerability in workers. Among the chemicals that can cause contact dermatitis are pesticides, which are often used in the community, particularly by palm oil plantation companies. The use of personal protective equipment (PPE) is one risk control for contact dermatitis. This study aimed to determine the relationship between PPE usage and contact dermatitis among palm oil plantation workers who dispense pesticides. Using a cross-sectional research design and a total sampling technique, the study analysed data on contact dermatitis obtained from workers’ medical records and PPE usage through random observations for three days. The results showed that 62.2% of pesticide workers had experienced contact dermatitis within the past three months, and there was a significant relationship between insufficient PPE usage and contact dermatitis (p-value < 0.001). Therefore, the occurrence of contact dermatitis can be reduced by increasing PPE usage.
Keywords: contact dermatitis, pesticide, personal protective equipment, palm oil
Effect of N95 Masks on Furniture-cutting Workers with Respiratory Symptoms
Authors: Adi Valan Dwiguandi , Kurniawan Agung
Published: March 2021

In a preliminary survey of furniture workers in 2017, 8 out of 15 workers reported that the wood-cutting process always led to tightness in their chest and made them cough. This is because the wood-cutting process produces dust and the workers do not use any personal protective equipment such as mask at work. Therefore, the aim of this study was to find the effect of wearing masks on the respiratory symptoms of woodcutters in Sentra Mebel Kemirahan, Malang. The researchers distributed N95 masks to all the workers. The research used a pre-experimental with one group pre- and post-test design. The study included a total of 21 people, selected through purposive sampling. Data were analysed using the Wilcoxon test. The result of pre–post-tests in every variable were: (i) P-value 0.000 for chest tightness; (ii) P-value 0.001 for cough; (iii) P-value 0.000 for chest pain, which is P ≤ 0.005, meaning significant. Therefore, we conclude that there was a difference between before and after using N95 mask against the respiratory symptoms in the wood-cutting workers in Sentra Mebel Kemirahan Malang.
Keywords: subjective respiratory symptom, chest tightness, cough, chest pain, N95 mask
IMPACT OF PUBLIC DEBT ON ECONOMIC GROWTH: AN EMPIRICAL INVESTIGATION FROM SOUTH ASIAN COUNTRIES
Authors: Reehan Hameed Muhammad , Sarwar Ghulam , Adil Shahid , Batool Hafsah , Hussain Israr
Published: March 2021

Purpose of the study: This study aims to analyze the short-run and as well as long-run effects of public debt on the economy of South Asian countries. And to resolve problems in managing and servicing their massive public debt obligations.

Methodology: For econometrically investigation, panel data has been used for the era of 1990-2019. For obtaining econometric outcomes, we applied the Fixed Effect Model and PMG/ Panel ARDL.

Main Findings: The results revealed that public debt negatively affected the economic performance of these countries. This effect is adverse both in short as well as in long period.

Applications of this study: The study can be effective for simultaneous achievement of the desirable level of economic growth and public debt stock seems to be difficult and could remain elusive if some serious measures have not been taken.

Novelty/Originality of this study: The study recommends the efficient and productive utilization of borrowed funds to avoid their negative repercussions.
A Study in the Children’s Health-Oriented Health Policies After COVID-19 Pandemic Period in Turkey
Authors: DURGUN Özlem
Published: March 2021

Aim: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic revealed significant negative effects on children and people with disabilities who are classified as socioeconomically disadvantaged groups in addition to individuals in Turkey as in the whole world. Especially, children constitute the most disadvantaged group in families with low socioeconomic status. The situation of these children was analyzed in the study. Also, the performance of health policies for children in COVID-19 pandemic period has been evaluated.
Material and Methods: This study was used in the statistics published in Turkey and in various countries.
Results: Outbreaks are likely to cause significant physical and psychological problems, especially in children. In particular, the medium and long-term effects of being locked up at home on children when their parents have to work are not known in addition to the social distancing that they experience due to the inability of children to come together with their peers. In addition to the deaths in the near and distant environment due to the disease, the fear of getting sick has also a high risk to form negative effects on the psychological development of children. For this reason, to protect the health of future generations, policies implemented for the health of today's children gain importance.
Conclusion: The right to health and education should be universally given to every child. But in developing countries, families cannot provide adequate support to their children for reasons such as unequal income distribution and unemployment. Children are forced to work to support their families when the help of government and institutions is insufficient or cannot be done regularly.
Financial Risk Assessment in Healthcare Organizations
Authors: TÜRK Murat , EROĞLU İlhan
Published: March 2021

Aim: Risk assessment is one of the important processes of risk management. This study aims to show how the financial risks encountered in hospitals are evaluated according to the risk management approach.
Material and Methods: We used risk assessment tables for identifying the financial activities of healthcare organizations, L-type decision matrix for risk assessment, and financial risk ratio methods for enterprise performance indication. In compliance with the enterprise risk management guidelines, we collected qualitative data through an interview with the risk manager of a hospital and quantitative data was created and adapted by the authors.
Results: According to the study sample, among the risks identified in the procurement process, the risk score of the risk 1 is 3, the risk score of the risk 3 is 4, and the risk score of risk number 4 is 2 points, and was found to be acceptable. The risk score for risk 2 is 10 points and was found to be remarkable. The financial risk ratio of the hospital is 0.10.
Conclusion: In the financial risk assessment, the risks in the hospital’s procurement activities were determined as occurrence of public loss (No. 1), failure to procure the need (No. 2) and late procurement of the need (No. 4), which are all assessed as controllable risks. No. 4 is noteworthy enough to be distinguished from the other risks. Calculated financial risk ratios showed there were no risks for corporate performance of the healthcare organization in fulfilling the short-run obligations through its liquid assets.
How an Infectious Disease Could Influence the Development of a Region: The Evidence of the SARS-CoV-2 Outbreak over the Tourism Intentions in Azores Archipelago
Authors: CASTANHO Rui , COUTO Gualter , PİMENTEL Pedro , SOUSA Aurea , BARRETO CARVALHO Célia , BATİSTA Maria Da Graça
Published: March 2021

Aim: After a contagious disease outbreak, as is the case of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), societal dynamics shift on an unconventional level. In the lack of a vaccine, social distancing and massive lockdowns are acquired as the most effective strategies to contain this new virus. In this regard, the present study was carried out to determine the influence of SARS-CoV-2 over the Azores territory activities as tourism and consequent regional development impacts. Material and Methods: Therefore, the study assessed the decision-makers, the public, and tourists' perceptions regarding this disease outbreak by applying testing tools as questionnaires. This study used a sample of 700 participants. The questionnaires were designed, considering the necessity to carry out online interviews, and were implemented in the Spring months of 2020. After the data from the surveys were gathered, analytical methods and tools were used. Results: The research recognized that during an infectious disease outbreak, people prioritized spending their vacations at the holiday residence of family or friends (20%) instead of touristic resorts (hotels or rented apartments or houses). Also, the study verified a considerable increase in selecting rural tourism accommodations. Besides, more than half of the study participants considered that the “Clean and Safe” stamp (attributed by the Portuguese Health Authorities) is crucial when choosing accommodation and restaurants (75.8%) as well as for choosing the destination to visit (50.5%). Conclusion: The study assumes enormous consequences of the SARS-CoV-2 crisis at multi-levels, being the tourism activity the most affected in this ultra-peripheral region.
The Fate of the Remains and Funerary Equipment of Czech Rulers and Their Family Members
Authors: Bravermanová Milena , Březinová Helena
Published: March 2021

Prague Castle was the most important burial site of the Czech rulers and their relatives. The graves are located in the Church of the Virgin Mary, in St. George Church and Convent, and, in the greatest numbers in the St. Vitus Cathedral.

Reliquary tombs of the most important Czech patron saints are also located at Prague Castle – in St. George Basilica, in St. Vitus Cathedral and in All Saints Church. We also know the graves of 12 Prague bishops that are located in the St. Vitus Cathedral.

The majority of the aforementioned graves have been opened several times in the past for a variety of reasons, that caused various problems, the most serious of which involved the confusion of relics.

The first systematic anthropological investigations were conducted at the beginning of the 20th century. The remains of nearly all historical personalities buried at Prague Castle were available for another anthropological study conducted in the 1960s. Currently, the research continues with modern nature science analyzes.

In the past, removed grave goods did not receive proper care for the most part, mainly due to a lack of understanding as to what constituted correct procedures for handling artefacts deposited for years in the unsuitable conditions of graves and tombs. The grave goods themselves were often restored in an inappropriate manner. The restoration situation improved significantly after the establishment of restoration and conservation workshops in 2000.

The opening of graves is problematic and, from an ethical point of view, should be performer only to a very limited extent. Necessary construction work is a common reason for disruption, and in this case remains should be treated with respect. And if grave goods are removed, they must be cared for in a proper manner, as these artefacts are often irreplaceable heritage whose scientific study is a legitimate pursuit. The mere lust for knowledge, often connected with efforts to generate sensation, does not entitle us to disturb the resting place of our ancestors with ill-considered interventions.
Coronary bifurcations – anatomy, physiology and treatment with selected aspects of left main stem bifurcation
Authors: Milejski Wojciech , Morawiec Beata , Sacha Jerzy , Nowalany-Kozielska Ewa , Gierlotka Marek , Kawecki Damian
Published: March 2021

Bifurkacja wieńcowa jest miejscem szczególnym w obrębie krążenia wieńcowego. Charakterystyczna anatomia oraz cechy przepływu krwi w złożony sposób wiążą się z rozmieszczeniem blaszek miażdżycowych. Wybór strategii leczenia zmian bifurkacji wieńcowych wymaga szczególnej uwagi, gdyż wszelkie powikłania w tym rejonie narażają na niedokrwienie istotnie większy obszar miokardium niż w przypadku pojedynczego naczynia. Niniejsza publikacja stanowi przegląd podstawowych informacji o anatomii, klasyfikacji oraz kolejnych krokach aktualnie zalecanych technik leczenia przezskórnego zmian bifurkacji wieńcowych, poczynając od kwalifikacji, przygotowania, poprzez wybór stentu, po optymalizację efektu zabiegu. Podkreśla kliniczną złożoność problemu leczenia zmian bifurkacji wieńcowych, która wymusza stały rozwój technik zabiegowych. Przedstawione zostały strategie leczenia, wskazania do wyboru techniki z użyciem pojedynczego stentu oraz zamierzonego zastosowania dwóch stentów. Zaprezentowano również zalecane metody obrazowej oraz czynnościowej oceny istotności zmian w obrębie rozwidlenia tętnic wieńcowych. Szczególną uwagę poświęcono odrębnościom bifurkacji pnia lewej tętnicy wieńcowej.
Is inhaled immunotherapy more effective than environmental management when treating equine asthma?
Authors: Leather Amy , Smith Sarah
Published: March 2021

PICO question

In horses with severe equine asthma syndrome, is inhaled immunotherapy compared to environmental reduction of allergen exposure more effective in disease modification?

 

Clinical bottom line

Category of research question

Treatment

The number and type of study designs reviewed

12 papers were critically reviewed. Nine clinical trials; one crossover study; one split-plot design study; and one cross-sectional study

Strength of evidence

Low

Outcomes reported

Four studies found inhaled immunotherapy to improve the clinical signs associated with equine asthma and the lung function of horses with asthma. Three papers found environmental modification by improved lung function and the clinical signs associated with equine asthma but two studies provide moderate evidence that environmental management alone is insufficient to permanently cure asthma

Conclusion

There is a low level of evidence to support the use of inhaled immunotherapy as a treatment for equine asthma

 

How to apply this evidence in practice

The application of evidence into practice should take into account multiple factors, not limited to: individual clinical expertise, patient’s circumstances and owners’ values, country, location or clinic where you work, the individual case in front of you, the availability of therapies and resources.

Knowledge Summaries are a resource to help reinforce or inform decision making. They do not override the responsibility or judgement of the practitioner to do what is best for the animal in their care.
Analisis Kesuksesan E-Billing pada Kantor Pelayanan Pajak Pratama Palembang Ilir Timur Menggunakan Structural Equation Modeling
Authors: Lestari Rizky Nurfitri
Published: March 2021

This study discusses the application of Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) and measures the success of e-billing implementation at the Palembang Ilir Timur Pratama Tax Office and the factors that influence its success. E-billing is developed and managed by the Directorate General of Treasury. There are 100 thousand e-billing users registered at the Palembang Ilir Timur Pratama Tax Office. Based on the analysis results obtained standardized residual covariances matrix values no smaller than -2.58 or greater than 2.58 and the probability of showing a value of 0.080 which means that the value meets the interpretation requirements that the model can be accepted. The results of this study indicate that the success rate of e-billing implementation is at the level of 78% ("Success"). This needs to be considered by organizations for the development of e-billing in the future.Index Terms— Succsess, E-Billing, Structural Equation Modeling (SEM), Delone and Mclean, AMOS.Abstrak–-Penelitian  ini  membahas  Penerapan Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) dan mengukur  kesuksesan  implementasi  e-billing  di Kantor Pelayanan Pajak Pratama Palembang Ilir Timur dan  faktor-faktor  yang  memengaruhi  kesuksesannya. E-billing dikembangkan dan  dikelola oleh Direktorat Jenderal Perbendaharaan. Pengguna e-billing sebanyak 100-an ribu  yang terdata pada Kantor Pelayanan Pajak Pratama Palembang Ilir Timur. Berdasarkan hasil analisis didapatkan nilai standardized residual covariances matrix tidak ada yang lebih kecil dari -2,58 atau lebih besar dari 2,58 dan probabilitas menunjukan nilai 0,080 yang berarti nilai tersebut memenuhi syarat interpretasi bahwa model dapat diterima. Hasil dari penelitian  ini menunjukan bahwa tingkat kesuksesan implementasi e-billing berada pada tingkat 78%  (“Sukses”). Hal ini perlu dipertimbangkan oleh organisasi untuk pengembangan e-billing pada  masa depan. Kata Kunci— Kesuksesan, E-Billing, Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) , Delone and Mclean, AMOS.
Labour Immigration During the Coronavirus Pandemic and its Consequences in the Socioeconomic Development of Modern Russia
Authors: Krasinets Evgeny
Published: March 2021

The article is devoted to the analysis of trends and directions of the development of international labour migration in modern Russia. The focus of the work is trends, transformations and the consequences of attracting and using foreign labour in the national economy in the context of overcoming the consequences of the crisis associated with the spread of the COVID-19 epidemic. The main content of the article, its theoretical and empirical provisions include: (i) study of the impact of the coronavirus pandemic on the transformation of labour immigration; (ii) identifying and disclosing the socioeconomic impact of international labour mobility before and during the coronavirus pandemic; (iii) consideration of the impact of the pandemic on the situation and migration behavior of labour migrants; (iv) discussion of the problems of regulating labour migration after the end of the active phase of combating the coronavirus epidemic. Based on the use of statistical methods and the results of sample sociological studies, an attempt is made to show what is happening in the country today with international labour mobility, its pros and cons in the development of the domestic economy. The article defines and describes the main features of labour immigration. The impact of the coronavirus epidemic on the processes of interaction between states in the field of international labour exchange is considered. The contradictory effects of the inflow and outflow of foreign workers on the functioning of the national labour market are analyzed. Estimates are given to the consequences of the epidemic's impact on the employment of migrants and their redistribution into the shadow economy. The features of the migration behavior of foreign workers are revealed. It is shown that in their migration intentions there is a fairly large number of those who are not going to leave and do not think to leave the country in the near future. Special attention is paid to the problems of regulation of external labour migration. Answers are given to fundamental questions about how the state the migration policy can and should change in the field of attracting and using foreign labour during the post-pandemic recovery of the domestic economy.
Historical Aspects and Modern Features of Internal Migration in Russia
Authors: Vorobieva Olga , Subbotin Alexander
Published: March 2021

The article deals with internal migration in Russia both in the historical aspect and in its modern condition. The information basis of the study is based on the publicly available statistical data of the Russian Federal State Statistics Service (Rosstat), as well as data from published materials in various publications. The study uses systematic and comparative-historical methods widely used in theoretical research in sociology. The article briefly shows the dependence of territorial population movement to different regions on the state policy and significant historical events in different periods, from the beginning of the second millennium to the present. Certain attention has been paid to the correlation between how intensely people change their permanent residence and the level and nature of urbanization. Various indicators of internal migration have been analyzed in order to increase the positive impact of migration processes on improving the demographic situation in the country as a whole. Population disparities between rural and urban populations, as well as different population densities in Russian regions, are of particular importance, including the concentration of population in a small area of its central part, including not only the capital, but also the surrounding regions. The phenomenon of deurbanization that has emerged in a number of regions in recent years and the stability of the Western drift process are discussed. Varying salary levels in relation to price levels are highlighted as an important factor of population migration. Special attention is paid to the Far Eastern part of the country, its history and prospects as a new center of attraction for migrants. Some effective measures to attract the population to this region are given at the end of the article, which are primarily related to the need for effective management of the labour market.
Laicidad, ¿neutralidad? y deliberación pública. Un diálogo con Alfonso Ruiz Miguel. Comentario a Alfonso Ruiz Miguel, Cuestiones de principios: entre política y Derecho
Authors: Vázquez Rodolfo
Published: March 2021

Este artículo reseña: Alfonso Ruiz Miguel, Cuestiones de principios: entre política y Derecho, Madrid, 2020,  Centro de Estudios Políticos y Constitucionales, 615 pp.
Paz y guerra en el pensamiento de Alfonso Ruiz Miguel. Con una apostilla sobre Cataluña. Comentario a Alfonso Ruiz Miguel, Cuestiones de principios: entre política y Derecho
Authors: Vitale Ermanno , Greppi, trad. Andrea
Published: March 2021

Este artículo reseña: Alfonso Ruiz Miguel, Cuestiones de principios: entre política y Derecho, Madrid, 2020, Centro de Estudios Políticos y Constitucionales, 615 pp.
Time of Rehabilitation (1983–1985) (continued)
Authors: Cherkasov P.
Published: March 2021

The article highlights the two-year period (1983–1985) when IMEMO was headed by Alexander Yakovlev. This time was characterized by a noticeable improvement of the situation and the Institute’s scientific life revival after the turmoil of 1981–1982. At that time, IMEMO regained its credibility (shaky in the early 80-ties) at home and abroad. It was undoubtedly the merit of its "transit" director who joined the team of the young CPSU General Secretary Mikhail Gorbachev in 1985.
Foreign Direct Investments in BRICS Countries
Authors: Bobrova V. , Protasov K.
Published: March 2021

The analysis of Brazil's, Russia's, India's, China's and RSA's opportunities allows to speak about the further development of BRICS potential in the near future due to increase of the FDI flows both within BRICS and in its relations with third countries. China which to date selectively takes foreign investments giving special priority to their qualitative characteristics will remain the most long-term country. Russia continues to be one of global leaders in the field of resource development and a country with plenty of unrealized opportunities in the industrial sector. By today, there is still much tension around the issue of new growth drivers and investment climate improvement. Given the decrease in the investment attractiveness of the Western Europe which led the way as a FDI recipient in the past, in 2011 Russia's indexes doubled as compared to 2005. As far as the Russian economy development prospects are viewed as advantageous in the whole, everything will depend on the state policy coherence, where it's worth to study the BRICS partners' experiences.
Dynamics and Factors of Ukraine’s European Integration
Authors: Treshchenkov E.
Published: March 2021

EU-Ukraine approximation is an inevitable but complicated process. Being seriously influenced by international environment, it is defined, however, by a complex of interconnected internal factors. This study analyses such factors as perceptions of foreign policy by the Ukrainian society; Ukraine’s institutions efficiency; the quality of bureaucracy; regional choices; characteristics of political elites.
Kazakhstan: Multi-Variance of Macroeconomic Indicators
Authors: Aliev T.
Published: March 2021

The author makes an attempt to show the multiplicity of the key macroeconomic indicators measurements as in the case of Kazakhstan. This paper compares two main methods of these indicators calculating – the exchange rate and the purchasing power parity, as well as different assessments of research groups and organizations ranked as the most authoritative sources of international economic information. The study shows how ambiguous the results of the country's development and its positioning at the world and regional level may be when using alternative measurement variations for its economic potential and its economic development level evaluation.
Evolution of Indian Foreign Policy Strategy
Authors: Volodin A.
Published: March 2021

A comlex of Indian foreign policy problems is analyzed in the article in a broad historical context. The emphasis is made on the fact that the transfer of economic growth centers from the North-Atlantic space to the Asia-Pacific Region resulted in a greater attention to the forming alignment of geopolitical forces in the Region, primarily in the triangle India–China–USA. The author draws two conclusions relevant to the foreign policy of Russia.
CORE E-PORTAL
Authors: Alam Mehtab
Published: March 2021

Marketing is identifying customer needs, wants and desire converting them into products and services. Sale is we already have the product or service we have to sale it.
Sales is a onetime process (means just selling the product to the customer) but marketing is ongoing process (Identifying the customer needs, developing the desired product, sales and then after sales services or customer.
Equações hipsométricas para Pinus sp. na estação experimental de ciências florestais de Itatinga, São Paulo
Authors: Fernandes Paulo Ricardo de Sena , Sousa Débora de Araújo , Coelho Maria Cristina Bueno , Silva Marcos Vinicius Cardoso , Lima Eziele Nathane Peres , Ataide Yandro Santa Brigida , Limeira Mathaus Messias Coimbra
Published: March 2021

Dentre as essências florestais cultivadas no Brasil destacam-se as espécies do gênero Pinus, apresentando uma grande concentração na região Sul do país, sendo as espécies mais cultivadas o Pinus elliottii e Pinus taeda. O objetivo deste trabalho foi ajustar equações matemáticas para estimar a altura das árvores em povoamentos de Pinus taeda L, Pinus oocarpa e Pinus híbrido (Pinus oocarpa x Pinus caribaea var. hondurensis), na Estação Experimental de Ciências Florestais de Itatinga – São Paulo. Para isso foi realizado um inventário florestal estratificado e sistemático por idade (21, 22 e 24 anos), utilizando-se amostragem sistemática de 3 parcelas por área. Cada parcela consistiu de 90 árvores das quais foram medidos todos diâmetros à 1,30 m do solo (DAP) e medidas as alturas totais das 10 primeiras árvores de cada parcela mais as 5 dominantes de forma a abranger todas as classes do povoamento. Para o ajuste foram testadas 10 equações  hipsómétricas,  sendo  selecionadas de acordo com os valores de coeficiente de determinação ajustado (R2aj), erro padrão residual (Syx%), coeficiente de variação (CV%), F e análise gráfica de resíduos. A melhor equação ajustada para descrever a relação h/d para as espécies Pinus taeda, Pinus oocarpa e híbrido Pinus (Pinus oocarpa x Pinus caribaea var. Hondurensis) em todas as idades foi a de Prodan.