bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comic Studies THE POTENTIAL OF WAYANG RAMAYANA R.A KOSASIH COMICS AS A MEDIA (KOMPLEMENTER) OF JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL LEARNING IN CENTRAL JAVA
Authors: Hadi Safira Rizky Rachmania , Mansoor Alvanov Zpalanzani
Published: January 2022

Local content for junior high school content in Javanese language lessons is the story of Ramayana. Junior high school curriculum version 2013, uses Kidang Kencana story segment in Ramayana as Basic Competence 3 in Semester 2 outcome, and students have difficulty understanding it due to various factors. On the other hand, R.A Kosasih made a wayang comic titled Rama and Sinta (Ramayana). Therefore, the aim of this research is to examine whether the comic Rama and Sinta (Ramayana) can be used as a learning medium for junior high school students in Central Java. This is a qualitative research with an empirical approach. The results of the analysis show that there are similarities in the contents of the story, characters, settings and the story line of the Ramayana between the Javanese language textbook and the comic. Therefore, it can be concluded that the comic Rama and Sinta (Ramayana) can be used as a learning medium in Javanese language subjects through language translation, because the content is in accordance with the curriculum.
PREFERENSI DAN USER EXPERIENCE PEMBACA TERHADAP APLIKASI MAJALAH DIGITAL ”FLIPBOARD, KINDLE, DAN GRAMEDIA DIGITAL”
Authors: Dopades Mario , Grahita Banung , Maslan Sihombing Riama
Published: January 2022

Bergesernya tren media menjadi digital mengharuskan perusahaan yang bergerak di bidang media cetak seperti majalah untuk berkembang ke ranah digital agar tidak kehilangan konsumen. Majalah sebagai media yang menyediakan informasi, perlu mengemasnya ke dalam bentuk digital, karena apabila hal tersebut tidak dilakukan maka majalah tersebut ditinggalkan konsumen. Aplikasi majalah digital sebagai produk untuk memenuhi kebutuhan konsumen untuk membaca, membuat developer aplikasi majalah digital perlu memahami kebutuhan pengguna. Dengan demikian, pengalaman pengguna yang ditawarkan oleh aplikasi majalah digital tentu saja menjadi pertimbangan agar aplikasi tersebut dapat menjadi salah satu preferensi pengguna. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan campuran melalui metode User Experience Questionaire (UEQ) sebagai instrumen pengukuran pola user experience dengan hasil data kuantitatif. Pengujian data kolektif menggunakan analisis korelasi, regresi, dan faktor untuk mengidentifikasi pengaruh user experience terhadap preferensi pengguna. Hasil identifikasi dikaji lebih lanjut dengan pendekatan kualitatif untuk mendeskripsikan desain yang ideal sebagai rekomendasi desain. Temuan penelitian menunjukkan bahwa adanya pengaruh user experience pada preferensi pengguna berdasarkan tiga faktor dominan, yaitu ramah pengguna terkait dengan kemudahan pengguna ketika menggunakan aplikasi majalah digital, kemudian faktor atraktif terkait dengan visual dan interaksi yang dapat menarik atensi pengguna, dan kecepatan yang terkait dengan seberapa efisien aplikasi majalah digital dapat diandalkan

Kata kunci: Majalah digital, pengalaman pengguna, preferensi
Feasibility of a Palliative Care Intervention Utilizing Community Health Workers to Facilitate Delivery of Home-based Palliative Care in India
Authors: Cartmell Kathleen B. , Kenneson Sarah Ann E. , Roy Rakesh , Bhattacharjee Gautam , Panda Nibedita , Kumar Gaurav , Qanungo Suparna
Published: January 2022

Objectives:

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of a home-based palliative care program delivered by community health workers (CHW) in rural areas outside of Kolkata, India. The specific aims were to assess CHWs’ ability to implement the intervention protocol and maintain records of care, to characterize patient problems and CHW activities to assist patients, and to assess change in patient pain scores over the course of the intervention.

Materials and Methods:

Four CHWs were hired to facilitate delivery of home-based palliative care services. CHWs were trained using the Worldwide Hospice and Palliative Care Alliance’s Palliative Care Toolkit. CHWs provided care for patients for 3-months, making regular home visits to monitor health, making and implementing care plans, and referring patients back to the cancer center team for serious problems.

Results:

Eleven patients enrolled in the intervention, with ten of these patients participating in the intervention and one patient passing away before starting the intervention. All ten participants reported physical pain, for which CHWs commonly recommended additional or higher dose medication and/or instructed patients how to take medication properly. For two patients, pain levels decreased between baseline and end of study, while pain scores did not decrease for the remaining patients. Other symptoms for which CHWs provided care included gastro-intestinal, bleeding, and respiratory problems.

Conclusion:

The study findings suggest that utilization of CHWs to provide palliative care in low-resource settings may be a feasible approach for expanding access to palliative care. CHWs were able to carry out the study visit protocol and assess and document patient problems and their activities to assist. They were also able to alleviate many common problems patients experienced with simple suggestions or referrals. However, most patients did not see a decrease in pain levels and more emphasis was needed on the emotional aspects of palliative care, and so CHWs may require additional training on provision of pain management and emotional support services.
ANALISIS PENGARUH PRODUK DOMESTIK BRUTO, INFLASI, KURS DOLLAR DAN INDEKS HARGA SAHAM GABUNGAN TERHADAP HARGA EMAS DI INDONESIA
Authors: Permadi Angga
Published: January 2022

Isu untuk mengembalikan peranan emas dalam sistem keuangan yang tidak lagi disandarkan oleh emas sejak tahun 1971 muncul kembali. Peranan uang yang didasari oleh emas merupakan suatu usaha untuk mewujudkan sistem moneter yang stabil dan adil. Penelitian ini mencoba melihat pengaruh harga emas terhadap pertumbuhan PDB, inflasi, kurs dollar, dan indeks harga saham gabungan di Indonesia. Teknik analisis yang dipergunakan ialah ARDL (Autoregressive Distributed Lag). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa variabel PDB, inflasi, kurs dollar, dan IHSG pada jangka panjang ARDL tidak berpengaruh signifikan. Pada jangka pendek untuk data 1991Q1 – 2019Q3 variabel kurs dollar berpengaruh positif terhadap harga emas. Sedangkan pada jangka pendek untuk data 1999Q2 – 2019Q3 variabel PDB dan kurs dollar berpengaruh negatif terhadap harga emas. Hal ini menunjukan bahwa pada jangka pendek emas dapat digunakan sebagai penyimpanan yang aman ketika pertumbuhan negara tidak stabil.Kata Kunci: Harga Emas, PDB, Inflasi, Kurs dollar, IHSG.
EFEKTIFITAS MOTIVASI KERJA TENAGA KESEHATAN RUMAH SAKIT
Authors: Atmojo Singgih Tiwut , Melly Melly
Published: January 2022

The purpose of this research is to determine the influence of hygiene factors and motivational factors that can encourage health workers to work more productively at the Hospital of St. Vincentius Singkawang. Sources of data obtained from observations and questionnaires. The data analysis method used in this study is a qualitative method with descriptive statistical data analysis techniques. The population of this research is 118 Vincentius Singkawang Hospital health workers. The sampling technique uses probability sampling. From the results of the analysis, the authors conclude that the leadership has fulfilled the factors of workforce motivation in accordance with financial capabilities. However, there are still factors that have not been well paid attention to is the salary given by the hospital to employees must contain the principle of fairness and refer to the legislation. So that the organization will obtain, maintain, and employ a number of employees with a variety of positive attitudes and behaviors, productive performance, effective and efficient in completing work for the interests of the organization in order to achieve the goals of the St. Vincentius Hospital Singkawang.Keyword: Motivational Factor, Hygine Factor
Musyarakah Mutanaqishah (diminishing partnership) pada pembiayaan perumahan
Authors: Agustiar Memet
Published: January 2022

ABSTRAKMusyarakah Mutanaqishah (MMQ) adalah salah satu bentuk baru dalam pembiayaan perumahan. MMQ berdasarkan pada akad syirkah yang disandingkan dengan akad jual beli (bai’), dan akad sewa (ijarah) Tulisan ini mengupas tentang apa itu MMQ, apa masalah utama yang muncul dalam aplikasinya. Penelitian ini mendapatkan bahwa MMQ adalah wujud yang dinamis dalam pembelian perumahan di mana kedua belah pihak diberlakukan sebagai pemodal. Kerjasama para pemitra akan berakhir dengan kemitraan yang berkurang secara bertahap (diminishing partnership) dan membuat satu pihak menjadi pemilik penuh atas asset yang dimiliki mereka. Ada berbagai  masalah muncul dalam MMQ terutama dikaitkan dengan ta’alluq (multi akad) dan juga masalah dalam status kepemilikan asset. DSN-MUI terus saja memberikan kebijakan terbaik untuk menyelesaikan kompleksitas dalam pembiayaan Syariah di mana aspek legal, operasional dan syariah yang sering tidak singkron satu sama lainnya.
A Bond Bundle Case Study of Diels-Alder Catalysis Using Oriented Electric Fields
Authors: Wilson Timothy , Eberhart Mark
Published: January 2022

Bond bundles are chemical bonding regions, analogous to Bader atoms, uniquely defined according to the topology of the gradient bundle condensed charge density, itself obtained by a process of infinitesimal partitioning of the three-dimensional charge density into differential zero-flux surface bounded regions. Here we use bond bundle analysis to investigate the response of the charge density to an oriented electric field in general, and the catalytic effect of such a field on Diels-Alder reactions in particular, which in this case is found to catalyze by allowing the transition state valance bond bundle configuration to be achieved earlier along the reaction pathway. Using precise numerical values, we arrive at the conclusion that chemical reactions and electric field catalysis can be understood in terms of intra-atomic charge density redistribution, i.e., that charge shifts within more so than between atoms account for the making and breaking of bonds.
Silicon-Vacancy Nanodiamonds as High Performance Near-Infrared Emitters for Live-Cell Dual-Color Imaging and Thermometry
Authors: Liu Weina , Alam Md Noor A , Liu Yan , Agafonov Viatcheslav N. , Qi Haoyuan , Koynov Kaloian , Davydov Valery A. , Uzbekov Rustem , Kaiser Ute , Lasser Theo , Jelezko Fedor , Weil Tanja , Ermakova Anna
Published: January 2022

Nanodiamonds (NDs) with color centers are excellent emitters for various bioimaging and quantum biosensing applications. In our work, we explored new applications of NDs with silicon-vacancy centers (SiV) obtained by high-pressure high-temperature (HPHT) synthesis based on metal-catalyst-free growth. They are coated with a polypeptide biopolymer which is essential for efficient cellular uptake. The unique optical properties of NDs with SiV are their high photostability and narrow emission in the near-infrared region. Our results demonstrate for the first time that NDs with SiV allow live-cell dual-color imaging and intracellular tracking. Also, intracellular thermometry as well as challenges associated with SiV atomic defects in NDs are investigated and discussed for the first time. NDs with SiV nanoemitters provide new avenues for live-cell bioimaging, diagnostic (SiV as a nanosized thermometer), and theranostic (nanodiamonds as drug carrier) applications.
Highly Effective Conditions for Nickel-Mediated Heck Cyclization Cascades Starting from Aryl and Vinyl Triflates
Authors: Keim Jonathan , Cummins Andrew , Snyder Scott
Published: January 2022

In contrast to the tremendous power of Pd-based Mizoroki–Heck reactions, methods to achieve such processes with other metals, particularly Ni, are generally lacking. Herein, we delineate specific conditions that can enable cascade variants of these C–C bond forming events to proceed smoothly under Ni catalysis. Critically, these reactions work with equal facility as their Pd-initiated counterparts when conducted intramolecularly, and in many cases are devoid of any Ni–H-mediated alkene isomerization within the starting materials and/or products as has typically been observed with previous Ni-based protocols. When conducted intermolecularly, the developed variant affords unique regioselectivity in product formation, substantively favoring 6-endo additions over the more standard 5-exo counterparts observed under Pd-based conditions. Finally, applications of the developed procedures to two different natural product syntheses are described
Halogen-bonding-promoted Photo-induced C–X Borylation of Aryl Halide using Phenol Derivatives
Authors: Matsuo Kazuki , Yamaguchi Eiji , Itoh Akichika
Published: January 2022

This study investigates the photo-induced C–X borylation reaction of aryl halides by forming a halogen-bonding complex. The method employs 2-naphthol as a halogen-bonding acceptor and proceeds under mild conditions without a photoredox catalyst under 420 nm blue light irradiation. The method is highly chemoselective, broadly functional group tolerant, and provides concise access to corresponding boronate esters. Mechanistic studies reveal that forming the halogen-bonding complex between aryl halide and naphthol acts as an electron donor-acceptor complex to furnish aryl radicals through photo-induced electron transfer.
Applicability Domain of Polyparameter Linear Free Energy Relationship Models for Predicting Equilibrium Partition Coefficients
Authors: Endo Satoshi
Published: January 2022

Polyparameter linear free energy relationships (PP-LFERs) are accurate and robust models to predict equilibrium partition coefficients (K) of organic chemicals. The accuracy of predictions by a PP-LEFR depends on the composition of the respective calibration data set. It is generally expected that extrapolation outside the model calibration domain is less accurate than interpolation. In this study, the applicability domain (AD) of PP-LFERs is systematically evaluated by calculation of the leverage (h), a measure of distance from the calibration set in the descriptor space. Repeated simulations with experimental data show that the root mean squared error of predictions increases with h, and that large prediction errors (>3 SDtraining, the standard deviation of training data) occur more frequently when h exceeds the common threshold of 3 hmean, where hmean is the mean h of all training compounds. Nevetheless, analysis also shows that well-calibrated PP-LFERs with many (e.g., 100), diverse, and accurate training data are highly robust against extrapolation; extreme prediction errors (> 5 SDtraining) are rare. For such PP-LFERs, 3 hmean may be too strict as the cutoff for AD. Evaluation of published PP-LFERs in terms of their AD using 25 chemically diverse, environmentally relevant chemicals as AD probes indicated that many reported PP-LFERs do not cover organosiloxanes, per- and polyfluorinated alkylsubstances, highly polar chemicals, and/or highly hydrophobic chemicals in their AD. It is concluded that calculation of h is useful to identify model extrapolations as well as the strengths and weaknesses of the trained PP-LFERs.
ALLELOPATHIC EFFECT OF SIAM WEED DEBRIS ON SEED GERMINATION AND SEEDLING GROWTH OF THREE TEST CROP SPECIES
Authors: Begum Mahfuza , Salam Md. Abdus , Zaman Farhana
Published: January 2022

Allelopathy is important for agricultural practices as has gained attention in sustainable agriculture management. Therefore, an experiment was conducted to assess the allelopathic effect of siam weed (Chromolaena odorata L. King and Robinson) debris on the germination and seedling growth of rice, mustard and groundnut at four concentrations of weed debris (e.g., 0, 0.25, 0.5 and 1.0 g dry weight per 100 g soil). The weed debris at different concentrations reduced the seed germination, plant height, leaf numbers, leaf area and seedling dry weight of the test crop species. The inhibitory effects of the test crop were positively related to the concentration of siam weed debris in soil. On the basis of average percent inhibition (API), mustard (24.47%) was mostly affected by the siam weed debris followed by groundnut (20.10%) and rice (17.10%). From the results of the study, it is observed that weed debris of siam weed had inhibitory effect on the seed germination and seedling growth of rice, mustard and groundnut. Therefore, the allelopathic activity of the siam weed may play an important role in the management of sustainable agriculture.
INFLUENCE OF BANANA LEAVES IN ASSOCIATION WITH INORGANIC POTASSIUM FERTILIZER ON THE NUTRIENT CONTENT AND UPTAKE OF BRRI DHAN49
Authors: Mannan Md. Abdul , Hashem Md. Abul , or Rashid Md. Harun- , Rahman Md. Sohanur , Talukder Fakhar Uddin , Kaisar Nahid
Published: January 2022

An experiment was done at the Soil Science Department, Bangladesh Agricultural University (BAU) to study the joined use of banana leaves with inorganic potassium fertilizer on the development and yield of BRRI dhan49 placing Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with eight treatments and three replications. The treatments were T1: control (no fertilizer), T2: RFD (Recommended Fertilizer Dose), T3: (50% K from banana leaves+50% K from MoP) , T4: (60% K from banana leaves+40% K from MoP ), T5: (70% K from banana leaves+30% K from MoP), T6: (80% K from banana leaves+20% K from MoP), T7: (90% K from banana leaves+10% K from MoP), T8: (100% K from banana leaves).The uppermost potassium content in grain (0.33%) and straw (1.30%) were gained in the treatment T3 and T4 .The bottommost potassium content in grain (0.26%) and straw (1.08%) were logged in the control. At the same time, the highest potassium uptake by grain (19.46 kg ha-1) and straw (89.06 kg ha-1) were attained in the treatment T3 and the lowest potassium uptake by grain (8.67 kg ha-1) and straw (51.40 kg ha-1) were documented in the control. Total (grain+straw) peak (108.52 kg ha-1) potassium uptake was found in T3 treatment and lowest (60.06 kg ha-1) was found in control. It can be endorsed to cohesive use of 50% K from banana leaves+50% K from MoP on nutrient content and uptake of BRRI dhan49.
EFFECT OF TUBER SIZE AND NUTRIENT SOURCE ON THE YIELD OF YAM (DIOSCOREA SP.)
Authors: Adhikari Gaurav , Bista Dabit , Bhattarai Anish , Paudel Hemanta
Published: January 2022

A field experiment was conducted at a private forest at Kalyanpur, Chitwan from March to January of 2018/2019 to evaluate the effect of different tuber size and nutrient source on the yield of yam (Dioscorea spp.). The experiment was laid out in a factorial Randomized Complete Block Design (factorial RCBD) with two factors i.e. tuber size viz small tuber size (<50 gm.) and large tuber size (100-150 gm.) and nutrient source viz farm yard manure, chicken manure and forest soil, replicated four times. The use of large size tubers has a significant effect on the yield of yam, higher yield (3.05 kg.) with large tuber size. Similarly, the interaction between tuber size and nutrient source was also significant on the yield. The highest yield (3.23 kg.) was made from the large size tuber (T1) and farm yard manure (M1) followed by the large size tuber (T1) and chicken manure (M2). The smallest yield (2.25 kg.) was from the interaction of small tuber size (T2) and farm yard manure (M2). Therefore, the use of a large size tuber (100-150 gm.) with farm yard manure as the nutrient source can be recommended to increase the yield of yam.
BIOACTIVITIES OF GUETTARDA SPECIOSA L. EXTRACTS
Authors: Sathasivampillai Saravanan Vivekanandarajah , Jain Moon , Sebastian Rajamanoharan Pholtan Rajeev
Published: January 2022

Guettarda speciosa L. is a tree of the Rubiaceae family. G. specious has been used to treat diarrhea, abscesses, wounds, epilepsy, and malaria in ethnomedicinal systems. So far, there is no systematic review for the bioactivities of G. speciosa. Therefore, the purpose of this minireview is to analyze, summarize and document the reported bioactivities of G. speciosa. Major electronic databases (Web of Science, Scopus, ScienceDirect, PubMed, and Semantic Scholar) were used to identify related studies from 1900 to January 2021. So far, in vivo and in vitro scientific data are available for the bioactivities of this plant species. Studies have reported that G. speciosa contains antidiarrheal, antiepileptic, anti-inflammatory, anti-ulcer, antimalarial, antineurodegenerative, and antioxidant activities. Furthermore, no bioactive compound of G. speciosa has been isolated. This work will be useful for researchers interested in bioactivity and phytochemical researches.
GEOSPATIAL DISTRIBUTIONS OF MALARIA AND ITS VULNERABILITY IN MINJIBIR, KANO STATE
Authors: Sufiyan Ibrahim , K.D Muhammad , J.I. Magaji
Published: January 2022

Malaria is considered to be a deadly disease spread in almost all parts of Nigeria, especially in the Northern parts. This has to do with the climatic influence of the north-easterlies and the hot dry savannah couple with the attitude of health sanitation. This study captured the vulnerable areas where the malaria cases are severe and predominant using satellite images and data. The frequency of malaria prevalence was done on a daily, monthly and annual basis for the period of 3 years from 2017-2019. The outcome shows that people in Minjibir and 5 villages were sampled having high malaria prevalence in 2017 with 41.28%, 2018 has 35.19% and 2019 has 23.53%. The result indicates that malaria cases are dropping with a decrease from 2017 to 2019 by 17.75%.
THE POTENTIAL OF THREE LARVAL PREDATORS AGAINST FALL ARMYWORM SPODOPTERA FRUGIPERDA (LEPIDPTERA: NOCTUIDAE) UNDER THE LABORATORY CONDITION
Authors: Otuba Moses , Cho Jumrae
Published: January 2022

Most cereal crops are often damaged by lepidopterous insects. Of recent, fall armyworm, S. frugiperda (J.E. Smith) has resulted into yield and economic loss in many African and Asian countries. This reduces farmers’ income drastically and to overcome this damage, pesticides have been used which are not also environmentally friendly. Experiments were set up to collect data on the potential of three larval predators Orius strigicollis, Micromus angulatus, and Podisus maculiventris against S. frugiperda. The consumption of S. frugiperda larvae by three predators had highly significant effects (P≤0.05) on first, fourth, and sixth instars. No significant difference was reported between M. angulatus and O. strigicollis on second, third and fifth larval instars of S. frugiperda. O. strigicollis consumed more first larval instar (6.2±0.71) of S. frugiperda than M. angulatus (4.9±1.07) and P. maculiventris (4.2±0.74). However, P. maculiventris consumed more second to sixth larval instars of S. frugiperda than other two predators (O. strigicollis and M. angulatus). The predator P. maculiventris is recommended for controlling S. frugiperda in their second to sixth larval instars while O. strigicollis in the first larval instar. It can be also concluded that fourth larval instars of S. frugiperda is more suitable for its control using predator P. maculiventris as compared to other larval instars. This study therefore recommends predator Podisus maculiventris to be used in control of S. frugiperda under laboratory conditions.
TAXONOMIC REVISION OF NIGERIAN SPECIES OF Capsicum L. BASED ON SOME MORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTERS
Authors: O. Adepoju Adeyinka , J. Ogunkunle Tunde , G. Femi-Adepoju Abiola
Published: January 2022

Species of Capsicum L. are closely related plants whose taxonomic status has remained controversial among different taxonomists. This study was designed to examine the taxonomic status of the species of Capsicum in Nigeria in order to establish the genetic variation between the species for the purpose of identification, as well as review the infrageneric classification (INC) of the members of the genus. Germplasm collection of the seeds of five cultivars of Capsicum were regenerated and nurtured to fruiting. Variations in their vegetative and reproductive morphology were macroscopically evaluated in replicates of 30 individuals per cultivar for each character, which equals 150 samples altogether. The cultivars of each species was hierarchically clustered as operational taxonomic units (OTUs) using Ward’s method with squared Euclidean distance. Artificial key was also constructed for the identification of the species in the genus. The twenty-three (23) morphological characters adopted gave useful insights into the INC of the species and were sufficiently diagnostic of the species as evidenced by the artificial key. Through this study, some light has been shed on the delimitation of species and varieties of the Nigerian Capsicum.
MINIMUM TILLAGE NON-PUDDLED TRANSPLANTED RICE (ORYZA SATIVA L.): WEED CONTROL AND ECONOMICS UNDER CONSERVATION AGRICULTURE PRACTICE IN BANGLADESH
Authors: Hossain Mohammad Mobarak , Begum Mahfuza , Hashem Abul , Rahman Md. Moshiur , W. Bell Richard
Published: January 2022

Crisis of agricultural laborers in South Asia’s rural zones is pushing to pursue a labor-saving conservation agriculture strategy for crop production and weed control. Non-puddled transplanting and mulching residues of the previous crop are being developed for rice-based cropping systems in Bangladesh to address this issue. Hence, the present study was undertaken to determine the effectiveness of strip tillage vs. conventional tillage combined with previous rice residues relative to herbicides and hand weeding on weed control and grain yield of winter rice during January-May in 2015 and 2016. Rice cv. BRRI dhan28 was transplanted with a combination of six treatments: puddled conventional tillage (CT)+3 hand weeding (HW) (Control); Preplant (PRE) herbicide (glyphosate)+non-puddled strip tillage (ST)+1HW; PRE+ST+pre-emergence (PE) herbicide (pendimethalin); PRE+ST+post-emergence (PO) herbicide (ethoxysulfuron-ethyl); PRE+ST+PE+PO; PRE+ST+weed-free (WF); and two levels of rice residues: no-residue (R0) vs. 50% standing residue (R50). The CT had done using a two-wheel tractor (2WT) by four ploughings and cross ploughings followed by levelling. A Versatile Multi-Crop Planter (VMP) was used for ST in a single pass operation. Over the two years, PRE+ST+PE+PO reduced weed density by 40% in the first year and 50% in the second year and weed biomass by 70% than CT+3HW in both years. Retention of 50% residue reduced weed density by 20% and biomass by 34%. The highest grain yield (12% higher than CT+3HW without residue) was obtained from PRE+ST+WF with 50% residue, while the highest BCR (47% higher over CT+3HW without residue) was obtained from PRE+ST+PE+PO with 50% residue.
PREVALENCE ON THE INFESTATION OF FLEA BEETLE (Phyllotreta nigripes) AGAINST DIFFERENT VARIETIES OF MUNGBEAN
Authors: Islam Kazi Nazrul , Hussain Khan Md. Mohasin , Islam Md. Mahbubul , Uddin Mohammad Mahir , Latif Md. Abdul
Published: January 2022

Mungbean is one of the important pulse crops in Bangladesh. More than 12 species of insect pests infest mungbean, among them flea beetle cause significant yield loss due to attack from seedling to vegetative stages. The experiment was conducted to find out tolerant and susceptible varieties of mungbean against flea beetle at the farmer’s field of Patuakhali, Bangladesh from January to April 2016. Results revealed that BARI Mung-4 had the lowest abundance of flea beetle while BINA Moog-7 and BARI Mung-6 had the highest flea beetle abundance. Among the tested all varieties, significantly the lowest number (1.33) of infested plant by flea beetle was recorded in BARI Mung-4 followed by BINA Moog-4 (1.51) and the highest number (2.54) of infested plant by flea beetle was in BARI Mung-6 followed by (2.42) BINA Moog-7. The lowest percentage of leaf area damaged was on BARI Mung-4 (5.37%) while the highest on BARI Mung-6 (11.33%). Population of flea beetle showed a positive correlation (R2= 0.019) with temperature and a negative correlation (R2= -0.01) with relative humidity. BARI Mung-6 produced highest yield while Patuakhali local Mung produced the lowest followed by BARI Mung-4. Among tested varieties BARI Mung-4 showed comparatively more tolerant against flea beetle and BARI Mung-6 produced maximum yield in spite of being susceptile to flea beetle.
PHARMACOLOGICAL ACTIVITIES OF Nymphaea pubescens WILLD. EXTRACTS
Authors: Sathasivampillai Saravanan Vivekanandarajah , Rajamanoharan Pholtan
Published: January 2022

Nymphaea pubescens Willd belongs to the Nymphaeaceae family. This plant species is used to treat various diseases including diabetes, diarrhea, dysentery, hemorrhages, and indigestion in traditional medicines around the world. Compounds like Arbutin, D-malic acid, Ergosterol, Fumaric acid, and Gluconic acid have been isolated from N. pubescens. As N. pubescens pharmacological activities are not systematically reviewed, this review is intended to analyze, recap, and document the reported bioactivities of N. pubescens. Appropriate published papers were obtained using the Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed, and ScienceDirect databases from 1900 to June 2021. Until now, anticancer, antidementia, antidiabetic, antihepatotoxic, antiinflammatory, antioxidant, and hypolipidemic activities have been reported for different parts of N. pubescens. Remarkably, hitherto, no pharmacological active compound has been isolated from N. pubescens. This review provides a foundation for future research on this plant species.
ONLINE TEACHING AND LEARNING – THE VOICE OF TEACHERS IN THE COLLEGES OF EDUCATION IN GHANA
Authors: Jnr Gyane Solomon Ofori
Published: January 2022

In the expansion and development of education through online, technology has contributed and now contributing to the use of online teaching and learning by teachers. As the study sought to explore the challenges that lecturers at college of education face in using online teaching and learning. The study philosophy is an interpretative paradigm which is associated with qualitative study. The study design is an exploratory research design that gives a speculative thought on the voice of teachers at college of education when it comes to online teaching and learning. The study used a qualitative approach that expresses the study results in words and also provide an in-depth into the objectives of the study. The population of the study comprised of all tutors at the college of education in Ghana. The study used a snowball sampling technique to reach the tutors at the college of education. Findings revealed that ICT makes online education possible and that it makes online teaching and learning easy to reach a class of many students. The study shows that online teaching and learning makes it possible for education to take place even if learners and teachers are at a separate place and ensures that students outside the school for one or two reasons get access to what their colleagues learnt at their absence. The study concludes that running out of data, device damaging, students not responding as expected, students not meeting on time, and students do the little talking instead of more talking are the challenges that lecturers at College of Education face in using online teaching and learning.
PREVALENCE OF DYSMENORRHEA AMONG FEMALE STUDENTS ATTENDING SALAAM UNIVERSITY IN MOGADISHU, SOMALIA AND FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH IT
Authors: Ahmed Omar Abdikadir , Hossain Md. Sahadat , Ali Abdi Hawo , Ali Mohamud Ibrahim
Published: January 2022

Dysmenorrhea is pain associated with menstruation. It’s often an issue discussed in privacy yet continues to affect girls and women with grave impact on their education, social activities and work. Objective: To assess the factors that influence prevalence of dysmenorrhea among university students and factors associated with it in Salaam University in Mogadishu Capital city of Somalia. The study area was Salaam University. A cross sectional study was used to collect data on prevalence of dysmenorrhea among university students and factors associated with it. A self-administered questionnaire non-probability sampling, especially, the purposive sampling method was utilized to for semi-structured questionnaire and interview (N=190). SPSS V.16 was used for data analysis. The prevalence of dysmenorrhea was 72.0%. Conclusion: The prevalence of dysmenorrhea was high which was influenced mainly by the number of children, no family history of dysmenorrhea and daily consumption of sugary foods. The high prevalence of dysmenorrhea among students requires health education about it, its causes, management, schools to stock analgesics in the school clinics and further research on its effect on academic life of the students.
NEED ASSESSMENT COUNSELING FOR SCHOOL ADOLESCENT STUDENTS
Authors: Akram Mohammad
Published: January 2022

The youth in the 21st century are facing numerous issues that may affect their ability to do well and properly in school. Every student has strong needs and desires to reach some set goals but in this competitive era, their life is being complicated day by day and vastly affected by various mental health problems in schools, and many other educational, vocational, social, emotional, and behavioral problems among them in our country. One of the reasons for these problems is lack of guidance and counseling services in our schools. According to Şahin Kesici, “a student whose personal guidance and counseling need is satisfied can; establish harmonious relationship with friends and parents, knows his/herself, improve problem solving and communication skills. Besides, s/he can improve social skills, cope with test anxiety and make effective decisions” (Kesici, 2007, p. 1327). On the other hand, when the needs are not met, and a student’s functioning in school suffers for an extended period, the student may break away from school completely (DeSocio & Hootman, 2004). To overcome negative psychological aspects which affect the student’s life, the present research paper is an attempt to identify need assessment counseling for school adolescent students. Need assessment questionnaire (NAQ) constructed and developed by Dogar, Azeem, Majoka, Mehmood, and Latif (2011) which included different areas, i.e. educational, vocational, social, emotional and behavioral needs of students counseling was administered to a sample of 168 (84 male and 84 female) adolescent students of 10th class. The results of the present study indicated that the main effect of gender (male and female) branch of study (science and social science) and the interaction effect between branch of study (science and social sciences) and gender (male and female) were found significant on overall counseling needs. Whereas gender and branch (stream) of study differences were not found in the counseling domains (educational, vocational, social, emotional, and behavioral) areas of counseling needs.
INVESTIGATING FACTORS AFFECTING POOR READING CULTURE AMONG EFL UNIVERSITY STUDENTS
Authors: Khalid Mustafa Sumaya , Sayfadin Ali Osama , Sherko Awlqadir Mohammed , Jalal Mahmood Rekar
Published: January 2022

Reading books has not become a habit among university students in Kurdistan; one can count the good readers in a class with fingers of a hand. This is a big crisis and needs serious work. The problem is demonstrated through the students’ performance and proven knowledge in the academic years and it matters because when the students graduate in the university and during the university academic years they do not have sufficient knowledge that a university student needs to have. This study aims to investigate the factors that affect poor reading culture of the EFL learners in Kurdistan universities. It provides the major factors that affect the reading interest of EFL learners. For this purpose, a questionnaire, and an interview are used. The questionnaire is designed to obtain certain information regarding the learners’ reading culture, environment, factors that motivate and demotivate them. The interview is designed to ask certain questions which are answered by university lecturers and one of them is the director of the general library in one of the universities. Through the study, it was found that reading books has not become a habit among university students in Kurdistan and they have given little or no attention to reading books, and students’ cultural environment demotivates them from reading books. Kurdish culture, lack of role models, and insufficient libraries are among factors of poor reading culture among university students. However, it was found that university libraries are quite sufficient for reading books. Therefore, the results indicate that the reading culture is not at the needed level and students are not used to providing a decent time for reading daily. They spend their free time on other things rather than reading. The findings of this study may serve as reliable data regarding the culture and habit of reading which shows an up-to-date piece of information about one of the great aspects of EFL learners in universities in Kurdistan which is reading culture.
LEARNING INNOVATION THROUGH FREEDOM LEARNING MANAGEMENT IN MUSIC EDUCATION PROGRAM
Authors: Nur Saputra Dani
Published: January 2022

Every academician must be ready to innovate in learning and adapt to technology and information in this era. Besides, they are required to innovate to increase their productivity. Quick adjustment gave helpfullnes in creating a learning model that is more effective and efficient. This research has purpose to explain and describe the learning innovation through freedom learning management in the music education study program. The results showed that management in applying the concept of freedom learning influenced learning innovation, especially in music education program. This innovation lies in e-learning based learning methods, student exchanges to improve competence and learning outside the university.
ENVIRONMENTAL AWARENESS, ATTITUDE AND PARTICIPATION AMONG SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS IN MOGADISHU-SOMALIA
Authors: Mohamud Absuge Ibrahim Ali Mohamud Absuge , Parvin Mst. Mahmuda
Published: January 2022

Environmental degradation poses a major threat to the existence of humanity today both in rural and urban settlements. In such a scenario, the importance and need for environmental education as a tool for environmental management and conservation cannot be overemphasized. To raise environmental literacy level among Somalians, Environmental Education is taught using both interdisciplinary and multi-disciplinary approaches. The aim of this study was to establish the level of awareness, attitude and participation of secondary school students in environmental activities in these two different settlements. The study involved a sample of 200 and secondary school students randomly selected from secondary schools in Mogadishu Divisions. Data was primarily collected using researcher developed questionnaires. Analysis of the data was done by first coding them in SPSS version 2016. The study has achieved its objective by drawing a comparison between students in different sections of an urban divide. It was also found out that there is need to refocus the approach of EE in order to ensure that it does not only make learners aware but also create a sense of personal responsibility which is fundamental in ensuring sustainable environmental behavior. The findings of the study may be used by authorities in making priorities in terms of environmental education for various settlements in urban set up. It will also help in tailoring EE approach to make it relevant and responsive to the immediate concerns and responsibilities of students and the entire community by environmental concern.
STUDENT ENGAGEMENT AND ACADEMIC FLOW ON STUDENTS AT BOARDING SCHOOL
Authors: aeni Nur’ , Azzahra Rifka
Published: January 2022

Boarding school is one form of school in Indonesia that implements a full-day learning system. The student study schedule is very tight because students study for 9 to 10 hours in one day. This condition causes students to have difficulty achieving academic flow in the learning process. This research aimed to examine the relationship between Student Engagement with Academic Flow to Students Islamic Andalusia Senior High School Boarding in Kebasen, Banyumas, Indonesia. The analysis uses quantitative research methods. The total samples in this research were 127 students. Sampling in this study using a technique stratified proportionate random sampling as 20% of the total population. Samples in class X were 56 students, class XI were 41 students, and then class XII was 30 students. The data collection techniques used are psychological scales of variable student engagement (45 items) and academic flow (36 items). Data were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) 25.0 for Windows Program. The result showed the relationship between student engagement with academic flow to students Islamic Andalusia senior high school boarding in Kebasen, Banyumas, Indonesia had a correlation of 0,728 and a significance level of 0,000. The result of data analysis showed that there was a positive relationship and a high significance between student engagement with the academic flow.
IS ACADEMIC DISHONESTY RELATED TO ACADEMIC PROCRASTINATION IN STUDENT COLLEGE?
Authors: dian Her , Nazah Zamal Safinatun
Published: January 2022

This study aims to determine the effect of academic procrastination on academic dishonesty in teaching and education faculties students in Indonesia. Respondents in this study were 260 students (N=260). The data collection method used the procrastination assessment scales-student (α = 0.88) and dishonesty academic scale (α = 0.93). Data analysis in this quantitative study uses Simple Linear Regression. The results of the analysis show that academic dishonesty affects student procrastination. F value = 53.078 with a significant level of 0.000 <0.05, it can be said that H0 is rejected and Ha is accepted, so that it can be said that H0 is rejected and Ha is accepted. From the output of Rsquare = 0.175, this value means that the effect of academic procrastination (x) on academic dishonesty (y) is 17.5%. In comparison, 82.5% of academic dishonesty is influenced by other variables that do not positively impact increasing academic procrastination carried out by a student. It will affect the increase in academic dishonesty in the student. So it can be said that there is a positive and significant influence between academic procrastination and academic dishonesty on students of the faculty of teaching and educational sciences at University X Purwokerto.
MARKETIZATION OF RESEARCH ACHIEVEMENTS OF UNIVERSITIES AND THE STARTUPS OF FEMALE SCHOLARS IN COASTAL CHINA
Authors: Xie Jueping-
Published: January 2022

There are more and more researches on academic entrepreneurship in coastal China, but the research on female scholars’ entrepreneurship is very rare. At present, female scholars occupy one-third of the total number of scholars, so it is a profound and valuable question how to promote female scholars to take part in the marketization of research achievements and to start up business. From the perspective of human capital and social gender role theory, the paper makes the double-case research to find some problems in the process of transformation from female scholars to female entrepreneurs. For example, the influencing factors are more and complex, the entrepreneurial process is more difficult. The paper’s research conclusion can enrich the academic entrepreneurship theory and provide the important reference value for the role transformation of female scholars in the startups. At the same time, it can also help universities and governments to establish the relevant scientific and technological entrepreneurship policies.
IS MAKRAN A SEPARATE MICROPLATE? A SHORT REVIEW
Authors: Hafeez Abbasi Muhammad Imran
Published: January 2022

Makran Subduction Zone (MZS) is important as this region lies on both sides of the border of Iran and Pakistan along the coastline. Makran Subduction complex has pervasive seismicity and diverse focal mechanism solutions and being in the vicinity of Triple Junction where three major Tectonic plates; Arabian, Eurasian and Indian plates are connecting. Both of Chabahar and Gwadar ports are located in this vicinity, on which China is investing for CPEC, Belt and Road Initiative. The whole world is looking at these projects of Makran, as this may define and transform the future of trade. Hence Geoscience point of view is notable as well in consideration for the successful execution of these projects. Several Microplates/blocks have been proposed around the vicinity MSZ and Indian-Eurasian Plate boundary including the Ormara microplate, Lut Block, Helmand Block, and Pakistan-Iran Makran microplate (PIMM). The purpose of this review is to shed light on PIMM. Despite previous researches related to Makran, still many researchers are working to solve puzzles related to the complexity of MSZ. It is divided into Eastern and Western Makran due to seismicity and North to South into four parts based on stratigraphy, thrusts and folds. This review aims to give suggestions for the hypothesis on PIMM which was inferred as a separate microplate.
THE IMPACT OF SEASONAL CHANGES ON HEAVY MINERALS CONCENTRATION FROM A PART OF EAST COAST OF INDIA
Authors: Mohammad Ali , Dhanamjayarao E.N.
Published: January 2022

Pre and post monsoonal changes in the environment have led to a noticeable variation in sediment characteristics, heavy mineral concentrations and their distribution. The current study aimed to find out the effect of seasonal fluctuations on the concentration of heavy minerals along the coast and the variations in sediment textures and distribution. The study has revealed the effect of seasons on the sediments supply and its distribution along coast in the study area. The total heavy minerals concentrations are more in post monsoon than in pre monsoon and the concentration also increases from south to north in parts of the study area because of seasonal circulation of currents from south to north along the shore. The micro textural study of the heavy mineral grains from different locations in the study area revealed the mechanical and chemical erosions on the grain surfaces.
DELINEATION OF FAULTS AND CAVITIES USING GRAVITY TECHNIQUES: AN IMPLICATION FOR ROAD CONSTRUCTION, SOUTH-SOUTH NIGERIA
Authors: C. Ibout Johnson , U. Aka Mfoniso , A. Ibe Amarachukwu , E. Oguama Bethrand , D. Osu Azuanamibebi
Published: January 2022

This study was carried out using five digitized aerogravity data to delineate near-surface structural faults, cavities, low-density zones and estimate the mass balance unit in foundations. Qualitative and quantitative analysis were performed in order to examines the depths to anomalous bodies, density/mass and stratigraphic features such as faults and cavities. The techniques employed were: Source parameter imaging (SPI), 3D Euler deconvolution, forward and inverse modeling. The results of the SPI shallow values range from -5.62 to -53.74 m and deep values range from 3.33 to 120 m. The 3D Euler deconvolution results range from -1892.2 to -1278.3 m for obscure and -12264 to 644.6 m for superficial formations. The forward and inverse modeling result shows the values of depth ranging from 2.5 to 4.8 km, density/mass range from (0.7 to 2.4) x 10-3 kg/m3 and (27 to 133) x 1010 kg of three profiles which is the parameter contrast of the gravity surveys. This shows sequential depths and density/mass contrast between the body of interest and the surrounding material which depicts the presents of faults, sedimentary basins and rock bearing minerals of shale/marble which comprises of air, water and sediment-filled formations. The information from this study has revealed the true nature of the subsurface and this will serve as a guide during road construction.