bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PELATIHAN PENGELASAN UNTUK PENGEMBANGAN USAHA RAK BUNGA BESI KEKINIAN (INSTRAGRAMABLE) SEBAGAI UPAYA PEMBERDAYAAN MASYARAKAT PASCA PHK DI MADIUN
Authors: Widiyanti Widiyanti , Nurmalasari Riana , Marsono Marsono , Yoto Yoto
Published: July 2024

Sektor perekonomian selama 1 tahun terakhir mengalami fase yang cukup mengejutkan banyak pihak. Pasalnya, sejak wabah Covid-19 ditetapkan sebagai pandemi di seluruh belahan dunia, banyak hal berubah. Mulai dari sektor kesehatan hingga sektor ekonomi. Masyarakat menengah kebawah menjadi salah satu korban yang paling awal. Hal ini dikarenakan banyaknya pemutusan hubungan kerja/ PHK di banyak sektor pekerjaan. Kondisi ini jelas membutuhkan solusi untuk memberikan peluang bagi para korban PHK untuk mampu bertahan dalam kondisi perekonomian seperti saat ini. Salah satu yang dapat dilakukan yaitu usaha yang berkaitan dengan perkembangan yang ada. Sebagai contoh, selama masa pandemi banyak masyarakat memiliki hobi berkebun dengan menanam bunga atau tanaman. Hal ini dapat dijadikan peluang untuk usaha rak bunga yang diinovasi menjadi rak bunga kekinian dari besi dengan bentuk yang cantik dan beraneka ragam. Oleh karenanya, diperlukan pelatihan bagi warga korban PHK untuk memiliki keterampilan pengelasan agar mampu membuat kreasi-kreasi yang memiliki nilai ekonomi tinggi. Berdasarkan hasil Pre-test kegiatan pelatihan diperoleh nilai rata-rata (R1) = 62,85 menunjukkan bahwa hasil pre-test masih dalam kualifikasi mehahami. Sedangkan hasil pos-test menunjukkan nilai rata-rata (R2) = 79,28 (masuk dalam kualifikasi memahami), terdapat kenaikan nilai rata-rata (K) = 16,43. Ini menunjukkan bahwa setelah dilakukan pelatihan pengelasan, peserta menjadi memahami terkait pengelasan untuk pembuatan rak bunga besi kekinian. Dengan demikian maka pelatihan yang dilakukan oleh Tim pengabdian dari UM berhasil dalam melakukan pembinaan dan pelatihan tentang pelatihan pengelasan untuk pembuatan rak bunga besi.
PERANCANGAN MEROTAPALE (MESIN ROTARI OTOMATIS TABUR PAKAN LELE) MENGGUNAKAN RTC (REAL TIME CLOCK) BERBASIS ARDUINO MEGA 2560 UNTUK PENINGKATAN EFISIENSI DAN KUALITAS PRODUK BAGI KELOMPOK PETERNAK LELE DI KECAMATAN PAKIS KABUPATEN MALANG
Authors: Nauri Imam Muda , Sudjono Imam , Mindarta Erwin Komara
Published: July 2024

Kebutuhan pasar terhadap komoditi ikan lele terus meningkat seiring dengan bertambahnya obyek wisata dan kuliner di Malang Raya.  Dua hal yang menyebabkan empat   dari sebelas anggota kelompok ternak ikan lele/arwana yang ada di RT 05 / RW 04 Desa Banjarejo, Kabupaten Malang, yang mengalami penurunan produksi hingga 15% dari tahun 2022 yakni akibat pemberian pakan lele yang tidak tepat waktu, dan pola penaburan pakan yang tidak merata. Dampak riil akibat hal ini adalah munculnya sifat kanibalis dan tidak meratanya pertumbuhan ikan lele yang berdampak sangat merugikan. Tujuan dari pengabdian ini adalah memberikan solusi atas masalah yang menyebabkan  kerugian tersebut, agar tidak terus terjadi, secara meluas yakni melalui penggunaan alat yang didisain bekerja secara elektronik yang terkontrol berbasis pada pewaktuan yang riil, dan pola penaburan pakan dengan system rotary yang juga terkontrol. Komponen utama untuk membangun unit alat ini adalah real time clock (RTC) dan arduino Mega 2560 sebagai control unit , dan beberapa rangkaian elektronik lainnya yang menjadi system terintegrasi  untuk menjamin waktu pemberian pakan tepat dan kontinyu, jumlah pakan yang terukur secara tepat serta pola taburan yang merata. Alat yang dirancang ini   dapat menjangkau kolam yang berdimensi 20 x 20 m2 . Hasil dari alat yang dirancang ini adalah:  dapat bekerja secara optimal dan otomatis, sehingga pemilik usaha memiliki sejumlah waktu yang dapat dimanfaatkan untuk pengembangan usaha laiannya. Biaya untuk melakukan pekerjaan rutin, dengan menggunakan alat ini tidak lagi ada. Perawatan alat ini sangat mudah dan sederhana. Pengisia tabung pakan cukup dilakukan sepekan sekali. Biaya listrik untuk beroperasinya alat ini sangat murah. Kata Kunci: Mesin penabur, Real time clock, Arduino mega
TEKNIK BUDIDAYA CABE KERITING SECARA ORGANIK DI KELOMPOK TANI HANDAYANI, PEKON SIDOKATON, KECAMATAN GISTING
Authors: Prajaka Nanang Wahyu , Kartina Raida , Putri Sekar Utami , Darma Wika Anrya , Jumawati Riana
Published: July 2024

Pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk membimbing kelompok tani cabe khususnya kelompok tani Handayani untuk memulai membudidayakan tanaman cabe secara organik pada lahan usaha taninya. Metode pelaksanaan yang digunakan terdapat tiga tahapan yaitu peningkatan pengetahuan, peningkatan ketrampilan dan evaluasi. Peningkatan pengatahuan diberikan melalui ceramah untuk memberi pengetahuan tentang budidaya tanaman cabe organik, pestisida nabati dan pembuatan pupuk kompos berbahan Azolla pinnata; dilanjutkan peningkatan keterampilan dengan pembuatan pestisida nabati, perbanyakan Azolla pinnata dan pembuatan kompos, demplot tanaman cabe kemudian evaluasi. Bimbingan demonstrasi cara pembudidayaan cabe organik dimulai dari penanaman bibit di bumbungan, aplikasi kompos azolla pada lubang tanam, lalu penanaman cabe dan aplikasi pestisida nabati.  Petani menanam cabe pada bedengan yang telah dibuat sebanyak 192 tanaman yang terbagi dalam 6 bedengan.  Kemudian dilaksanakan kegiatan pemeliharaan, pengendalian hama dan penyakit dengan aplikasi pestisida nabati, dan panen serta penanganan pasca panen. Kegiatan ini akan dimonitor. Monitoring dilakukan 1 bulan sekali terutama di setiap akhir kelompok kegiatan budidaya yang dipraktikkan. Sebagai indikator keberhasilan adalah hasil evaluasi akhir penyuluhan dengan masing-masing indikator penilaian meningkat sebesar 90 persen dari segi pengetahuan budidaya cabe secara organik dan keterampilan teknik budidaya cabe organik meningkat.
IMPLEMENTASI MESIN HAMMER MILL TYPE SWING UNTUK PENGANCUR PAKAN TERNAK BAGI MASYARAKAT DESA SRIGONCO, BANTUR, KAB. MALANG
Authors: Widiyanti Widiyanti , Edy Duwi Leksono , Marsono Marsono
Published: July 2024

Desa Srigonco adalah sebuah desa yang subur dan asri yang terletak di Kecamatan Bantur, Kabupaten Malang, Jawa Timur. Desa Srigonco juga memiliki pantai sangat eksotis dan menarik wisatawan dari berbagai daerah bahkan wisatawan asing, pantai tersebut adalah Pantai Balekambang yang juga menjadi salah satu ikon kota dingin Malang. Masyarakat desa Srigonco memiliki mata pencaharian sebagian besar sebagai petani dan peternak sapi perah. Permasalahan yang dihadapi masyarakat srigonco dalam ternak sapi antara lain: 1) Bagaimana cara peningkatan produktifvitas bagi masyarakat peternak sapi desa srigonco Kec. Bantur, 2) Bagaimana meningkatkan perekonomian masyarakat peternak sapi desa srigonco bantur melalui pengolahan makanan ternak guna peningkatan hasil produksi sapi ternak. Solusi permasalahan yang dihadapi mitra dengan penerapan teknologi pengolahan makan ternak berupa mesin Hummer Mill. Fungsi dari teknologi ini untuk menghacurkan bahan vdasar jagung menjadi polar sebagai bahan tambahan makanan ternak. Hasil dari program PKM ini masyarakat mulai bisa memanfaatkan jagung dan jenis yang lain sebagai bahan tambah campuran makanan ternak, sehingga gizi dari makanan ternak dapat tercukupiKata Kunci: Mesin Hammer Mill, Peternakan, desa Srigonco
PENINGKATAN PRODUKTIVITAS WARGA BINAAN LP 1 KOTA MALANG MELALUI PENERAPAN MESIN PENETAS TELOR BERBASIS IOT UNTUK BIDANG PETERNAKAN
Authors: Wahyudi Bambang Adi , Edy Duwi Leksono , Ansyorie Musthofa Al
Published: July 2024

Lembaga Permasyarakatan (Lapas) merupakan lembaga dibawah Direktorat Jenderal Pemasyarakatan Kementerian Hukum dan Hak Asasi Manusia yang memiliki tugas dan fungsi untuk membina dan mendidik napi supaya dapat kembali menjadi manusia yang memiliki kreatifitas, produktivitas dan berguna dalam masyarakatnya. Permasalahan yang timbul dalam lingkungan lapas bagaimana cara memproduksi bibit ayam pedaging guna peningkatan produktivitas warga binaan di LP 1 Kota Malang. Solusi permasalahan yang dihadapi mitra penerapan inovasi teknologi mesin penetas telor otomatis yang dapat mempercepat proses produksi ayam daging dengan kualitas dan kuantitas yang bagus. Hasil dari kegiatan PKM ini proses penetas telur dapat menghasilkan 200-300 dalam proses penetasan jangka waktu 20 hari. Dengan demikian peningkatan proses penetasan telur dapat bekerja secara maksimalKata Kunci: Mesin Penetas Telor, Lembaga Permasyarakatan 1 Kota Malang, Peternakan
Distinguishing Between Histories of Speciation and Introgression Using Genomic Data
Authors: Hibbins Mark , Hahn Matthew
Published: July 2024

Introgression creates complex, non-bifurcating relationships among species. At individual loci and across the genome, both introgression and incomplete lineage sorting interact to produce a wide range of different gene tree topologies. These processes can obscure the history of speciation among lineages, and, as a result, identifying the history of speciation vs. introgression remains a challenge. Here, we use theory and simulation to investigate how introgression can mislead multiple approaches to species tree inference. We find that arbitrarily low amounts of introgression may potentially mislead both gene tree and parsimony approaches to species tree inference if the level of incomplete lineage sorting is sufficiently high. We also show that an alternative approach based on minimum gene tree node heights is inconsistent and depends on the rate of introgression across the genome. To distinguish between speciation and introgression, we apply supervised machine learning models to a set of features that can easily be obtained from phylogenomic datasets. We find that multiple of these models are highly accurate in classifying the species history in simulated datasets. We also show that, if the histories of speciation and introgression can be identified, PhyloNet will return highly accurate estimates of the contribution of each history to the data (i.e. edge weights). Overall, our results highlight the promise of supervised machine learning as a potentially powerful complement to phylogenetic methods in the analysis of introgression from genomic data.
Neoliberalismo autoritario y acumulación por legitimación en México. La reforma energética (2013)
Authors: Bojórquez Luque Jesús
Published: July 2024

Utilizando la teoría crítica y metodología cualitativa documental, a través de los conceptos de neoliberalismo autoritario y acumulación por legitimación, en el presente ensayo se analiza la reforma energética materializada en el gobierno de Enrique Peña Nieto en México a partir del Pacto por México, signado entre los principales partidos políticos y el gobierno federal. Las evidencias reflejan una imposición de dicha reforma sin consultar a la población con el fin de privatizar los recursos energéticos del país, la cual fue allanada por una legitimación mediática donde el gobierno canalizó grandes recursos económicos a los principales medios de comunicación del país. Se concluye que la reforma energética se da en un contexto neoliberal autoritario, de imposición para el reforzamiento del modelo económico imperante, donde el Estado renuncia a la posibilidad de negociar con los diversos sectores de la población y buscando la legitimación a través de moldear la opinión pública.
Artificial intelligence ethics: from principles to the critical approach
Authors: Yastreb Natalya A.
Published: July 2024

The article discusses the problem of determining the methodological and conceptual foundations of the artificial intelligence ethics. It is shown that the principled approach is based on the theory of value embedding, which assumes that technical objects can either be the carriers of values themselves, or at least contribute to the realization of certain values. At the same time, it is highly dependent on stakeholders, and it rather declares ethics than ensures it. The person-centered approach is based on the idea of personal moral responsibility. The main problems of the personality-oriented approach are the gap in responsibility and the unpredictability of the actions of artificial intelligence. A critical approach is proposed, according to which the subject of artificial intelligence ethics is the impact of technology on people's ideas and values, their behavior and decision-making. The work introduces and discusses the concept of the scale paradox, resulting from the artificial intelligence use. This concept states that many ethically correct cases of using technology can lead to ethically unacceptable consequences. It is shown that one of the options for applying a critical approach can be the study of attitudes and stereotypes associated with artificial intelligence in the mass consciousness.
The concept of women's entrepreneurship as a mechanism of social lift
Authors: Moiseeva Anna A.
Published: July 2024

The work is relevant as it is aimed at a comprehensive disclosure of the female entrepreneurship potential and substantiation of its importance for the development of society, achieving gender equality, as well as creating favorable conditions for the economic growth and female social mobility. The author analyzes current trends in the field feminine entrepreneurship and its impact on economic development. It is noted that opportunities for women's business are expanding, and entrepreneurship is becoming an effective social elevator for women. The key goal of the article is to substantiate the concept of female entrepreneurship as an effective mechanism of social mobility and achievement of gender equality.Objectives: to analyze female entrepreneurship as a means of expanding women's rights and opportunities, increasing their social status and overcoming gender barriers; based on statistics and facts, to demonstrate the strengthening of the position of women's business in Russia and the world; to substantiate the potential of female entrepreneurship in solving social problems and promoting progressive changes. The paper uses methods of comparative analysis, generalization, secondary analysis of research results conducted by specialists in the development of female entrepreneurship. Particular attention is paid to the role of women entrepreneurs in politics and their ability to influence decision-making. It is noted that opportunities for women's business are expanding, and entrepreneurship is becoming an effective social elevator for women.Conclusions are drawn about the importance of developing female entrepreneurship as a tool for progressive transformations and achieving gender equality in society, and the need for a purposeful state policy to stimulate and support female entrepreneurship.
Assessment of the trade union activity information system by the members of the Samara University trade union
Authors: Avdoshina Natalya V. , Bocharov Vladislav Yu. , Vaskina Yuliya V. , Khardin Mikhail V.
Published: July 2024

The article is devoted to the analysis of the mechanisms of trade union information dissemination in modern digitalization conditions. The authors give an overview of the latest research on the transformation processes taking place in trade union organizations, including those, working in the domestic higher education system, and also provide data from their own empirical research conducted in the fall of 2023 among the members of the Samara University workers' union. The performed research, based on the data of the questionnaire survey of the university trade union ordinary members (N=107) and semi-formalized interviews with the chairmen of trade union bureaus (N=10), made it possible to analyze the way the university employees assess the quality of the Samara University trade union information work. Conclusions are drawn about the main existing information sources for the trade union ordinary members about its activities, the employees' preferences in the used information channels and the assessment of its reliability, as well as the greater need to obtain information on the protection of labor rights, improvement of working conditions and the collective agreement management. Based on the study results, practical recommendations are formulated for the trade union committee on improving the effectiveness of information work and operational feedback between the trade union leadership and its ordinary members.
Man and Machine: the Limits of Human Nature in the Context of Stanislaw Lem's Science Fiction Works
Authors: Gurov Oleg N. , Zvyagintsev Michael M.
Published: July 2024

The article presents some philosophical ideas of Stanislaw Lem regarding the limits of human nature in the context of scientific and technological progress. The writer's views on the problems of artificial intelligence, machine consciousness, interaction between "our own" and "alien", cyborgization and virtualization of human existence are analyzed. Parallels between Lem's ideas and the concepts of modern philosophers (D. Chalmers, D. Dennett, D. Haraway, N. Bostrom) are identified. The relevance of ethical dilemmas raised in Lem's work is emphasized for comprehending the prospects of human development in the era of development and spread of technology. The significance of Lem's heritage for the development of a new rationality necessary for the preservation of human identity in the conditions of rapid scientific and technological progress is argued.
Ritual Behavior as One of the Foundations of Mathematics in Fiction and Reality
Authors: Serikov Andrei E.
Published: July 2024

The Machineries of Empire cycle by American science fiction writer Yoon Ha Lee consists of more than 30 works, including three novels translated into Russian. The metaphysics of the universe in this cycle is something like this: the laws of nature and, accordingly, the operation of certain technologies (including military ones) depend on the mathematical properties of the calendar being practiced, and the properties of the calendar (i. e. mathematics) are supported by the practice of rituals, including ritual torture. Lee's fiction paradoxically combines the usually counterposed ideas that mathematics can be a social construct and that the physical world can be merely a realization of transcendental mathematics. In Machineries of Empire, mathematics is constructed, maintained by ritual-based consensus, and as a result becomes the basis of reality. How can this relate to our life, our science and philosophy? If we take seriously the ideas of the cognitive scientists that all real mathematics as we know it, unlike Plato's mathematics, is based on human ability and experience, we must also seriously ask what role ritual plays in it. This article emphasizes the following idea: the very identification of numbers, geometric figures and mathematical operations must arise through repeated ritual repetition so that those who practice mathematical rituals can easily, as a self-evident and obvious aspect of the ritual, identify properties of objects that are significant from a mathematical point of view and distinguish them from non-essential ones.
The "Indian Paradox" in theWorks of I.A. Bunin
Authors: Karpenko Gennady Y. , Mishra Pragya
Published: July 2024

Researchers of I.A. Bunin's life and work are faced with an obvious paradox: the writer, who is in love with Indian culture, has never been to India, but colorful images, religious and philosophical sentiments, anthropological and historiosophical ideas associated with the ancient civilization are reflected in his works. The article examines the peculiarities of the formation of the "Indian code" in Bunin's work, the artistic axiology that determined the conceptualization of literary material.Bunin's first impressions of contemplation of the Indian Ocean and Ceylon are biblically, religiously colored: they are combined with impressions of "sacred texts", where the world is value- and hierarchically centered by God in the space of Paradise. It was in this space – in the place of Creation – that Bunin psychomentally found himself, and the "Indian code" is formed in the combination of natural and sacred, personal and sacred, as a special measure that determined the writer's dominant attitude to the world in the categories of "vital kinship" and "universal responsiveness", in the images of "uterine brotherhood", "the cradle of humanity" and spiritual and cultural kinship with the ancestral homeland.Bunin's "Indian Paradox" reveals the spiritual and cultural potential of the Russian national identity, which makes it possible to significantly correct the Eurocentric model of worldview and world-building and can naturally be in demand with respect to solving anthropological and civilizational problems of modern society.
Personal Strategies to Risk Prevention and Reacting
Authors: Mantarova Anna I.
Published: July 2024

The topic of risks is particularly relevant in today's dynamic society, in which processes and phenomena are closely interconnected on a wide scale, and changes in one or other links of the chain of social interactions give rise to numerous subsequent effects. The study of risks is particularly important for social practice due to the need to develop effective strategies for prevention and minimizing negative consequences.The most generally formulated research task that the present work sets itself is to highlight the main social risks in today's Bulgarian society, to establish how vulnerability to them is assessed, what are the personal strategies for prevention and reaction, what are the expectations towards the state and how people evaluate its relevant actions.The work presents and analyzes the results of two empirical sociological studies: a nationally representative one of the population over 18 and a study among representatives of small businesses. In the focus of attention are risks to physical security and material well-being. The main lines of analysis are risk perception, assessment, personal reaction strategies, expectations of state actions, evaluation of these actions.The obtained results are valuable as presenting the picture of the issues of interest to us at a time of increased dynamics and uncertainty, saturated with intense risks of different origin and durability.
How to Make Peace – Alexander Kluge‘s Philosophy of Technology
Authors: Nordmann Alfred
Published: July 2024

Alexander Kluge does not call himself a philosopher, yet his artistic work, filmmaking, and journalism reveal significant ideas related to the philosophy of technology. This paper offers an introduction to the philosophy of Kluge, our contemporary, through the prism of Jürgen Habermas's ideas. They both develop approaches of the Frankfurt School. Habermas develops a critical theory of discourse and communicative reason. Kluge develops a critical theory of feeling and instrumental reason.
Hotel Business and Hospitality in the Sociological Optics of Study
Authors: Eremicheva Galina V. , Menshikova Galina A. , Shouquan Huyan
Published: July 2024

The growth in the volume of the hotel business, the increase in its importance as a sector of the economy that generates income and creates jobs, predetermined the need for a theoretical understanding of the phenomenon of hotel services. Foreign science has deeper traditions and better-formulated approaches from a sociological perspective with respect to the study of hotels: historical, as the development of forms and practices of hospitable behavior, a reflection of cultural norms and traditions; practical studies of hotels as an enterprise, a place of work, and an element of urban infrastructure. The article presents various most notable conceptual developments of both foreign and domestic researchers in this area, as well as the results of our own research carried out using the method of content analysis of Russian specialized magazines on hotel business issues. The data allows us to say that the integration of the principles of hospitality into the commercial sector, the role and specificity of emotionality in service for Russian hoteliers, unlike the Chinese ones, are not yet paramount. The technical side of service and the professionalization of personnel seem to them to be a more significant indicator. However, a substantive analysis of a number of articles on the topic in question as well as interviews with hospitality workers and clients indicates that the ethical elements and principles of hospitality are becoming increasingly important in this area.
Selected contexts in the philosophy of mathematics
Authors: Ambrozy Marian
Published: July 2024

The present paper attempts to answer the question of whether it is reasonable to distinguish mathematical objects ontologically. It aims to demonstrate that mathematical objects can be divided into mathematical objects existing on their own and mathematical objects constructed by human beings. The present research also seeks to answer the questions raised by the philosopher Maco in his communication in response to my previous research. The paper presents the view that the ontological status of Lie groups and Lie algebras differs according to whether they are complex Lie groups and Lie algebras, respectively. Other questions were addressed on the status of Hilbert spaces, whether the set of natural numbers and the set of hyperreal numbers are independent. The present attempt to answer these questions does not, in my opinion, depart from the Wittgensteinian approach to mathematics, which is what I am trying to prove.
Fear as a tool of the electoral narration of the conservative-populist right wing in Poland
Authors: Potulski Jakub , Modrzejewski Arkadiusz
Published: July 2024

In 2015, the right-wing alliance known as the Zjednoczona Prawica (United Right), whose main member is the conservative Prawo i Sprawiedliwość (Law and Justice) party, enjoyed two spectacular victories in Poland's presidential and parliamentary elections. For eight consecutive years, the United Right has ruled, violating the rule of law, restricting the independence of the judiciary and the application of human rights, distancing Poland from European democratic standards. Fear management was an effective tool not only during the election campaigns, but also during the parliamentary term, which successfully mobilised the electorate and a part of Polish society susceptible to a narrative based on the creation of forces threatening Poland's sovereignty, national identity and the security of the state and citizens. Fear has been caused by migrants, especially those from outside the European cultural circle, the LGBT community, and Poland's closest neighbour and most important economic partner, Germany. In conditions of so-called cultural trauma, a reaction to profound socio-cultural changes, this strategy was extremely effective, leading to the extreme polarisation of Polish society, and ensured support to maintain the power gained in 2015. In this article, the authors provide examples of fear management, placing them in a broader theoretical context, by referring to statements made by leading right-wing politicians, as well as messages in the public media, which in 2016 were taken over by the conservative-populist right and became a de facto party propaganda channel.
Reasons for Cutting down the Practice of Using Arrest as a Prevention Measure
Authors: Karetnikov Aleksandr S. ,   PhD (Law), Associate Professor, Koretnikov Sergey A. ,   Attorney at the MTSKA Moscow Central Bar Association
Published: July 2024

The purpose of the article is to study the reasons for the reduction in the number of people in custody over the past 20 years. The research method is the analysis of statistical data reflecting the practice of choosing this preventive measure and a number of Federal laws that changed or supplemented the norms of substantive and procedural criminal law during this period. The result of the study: a significant decrease in the use of this preventive measure was mainly a consequence not of the judicial procedure for making a decision on it, but of a decrease in the number of persons brought to criminal liability and the effect of Federal laws limiting the possibility of its application.
Bringing Legal Entities to the Criminal Liability under the Laws of Sweden
Authors: Fedorov Aleksandr V. ,   Leading Research Scientist of the Center of Criminal and Criminal Procedure Law of the Institute of Legislation and Comparative Law under the Government
Published: July 2024

The article is devoted to Swedish legislation on criminal liability of legal entities. It is substantiated that the criminal liability of legal entities in Sweden is the application of sanctions to a legal entity in cases provided for by criminal law. The sanctions provided for by Swedish legislation for legal entities for committing crimes (corporate fines and confiscation), the relationship between the crime of an individual and the prosecution of a legal entity are analyzed. It is noted that the basis for applying criminal sanctions to a legal entity is a crime committed by an individual while the legal entity is carrying out entrepreneurial (commercial) activities. The crimes for the commission of which a legal entity can be held liable are indicated. The procedural procedure for bringing a legal entity to criminal liability for committing a crime and the practice of applying sanctions to legal entities, as well as the prospects for the development of Swedish legislation on criminal liability of legal entities are considered.
Informational and Worldview Security in the Sphere of Education as a Factor of Safe Socioeconomic Development
Authors: Dushakova Lesya A. ,   Head of the Department of Administrative and Employment Law of the South-Russian Institute of Management, Shmaliy Oksana V. ,   Deputy Director for Research, Head of the Department of Administrative and Information Law of the Institute of Law
Published: July 2024

Modern socio-economic and geopolitical realities cannot but provoke a reaction from the state, which is manifested in a complex system of economic, political, organizational, legal and other measures aimed at overcoming challenges and threats of a worldview nature. And in legal science in recent decades, interest in issues of worldview has steadily increased due to the objective need to form a reliable and effective legal support for the construction of national security. Of particular importance are issues of a worldview nature for education as a social institution that creates the foundation for safe socio-economic development in modern society, since it is education that is designed to translate socially significant experience in various forms through the system of specialized institutions in order to ensure the continuity of generations. Accordingly, modern educational strategies, technologies and institutions should be built in such a context that will ensure the most reliable translation of the «worldview code».
Prospects of the Development of Online Settlement of Disputes Including the Ones over Land Law Matters
Authors: Tsyganov Stanislav S. ,   Postgraduate Student of the Department of Theory and History of State and Law of the Volga State Academy of Water Transport, Migunova Tatyana L. ,   Head of the Department of Theory and History of State and Law of the Volga State Academy of Water Transport, LL.D., Professor
Published: July 2024

The article discusses the issues of implementing online dispute resolution in the Russian Federation. Modern information technologies are now being used in the judicial system. Disputes involving land plots and objects closely related to them will remain relevant for many years, as property rights to them are a key element of ownership. “Online Justice” developed and gradually implemented in modern realities, should be seen as a specific tool aimed at ensuring the maximum efficiency of court activities. The need for its testing is driven by a transition to a qualitatively new stage that will allow settling many disputed issues and advancing cutting-edge technologies in the judicial system.
The First Decade of Article 3782 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation: Issues of Making Real Estate Lists for Taxation Purposes Based on Cadastral Value
Authors: Savinov Kirill A. ,   Associate Professor of the Department of State and Legal Disciplines of the Volga Branch, Agadzhanov Andrey A. , Lavrentyev Aleksandr R. ,   Associate Professor of the Department of General Theoretical and Legal Disciplines of the Ural Branch of the Russian,   Head of the Department of State and Legal Disciplines of the Volga Branch of the Russian State University of Justice
Published: July 2024

The decade of application of Article 3782 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation is a worthy occasion to summarize the interim results of the transition from the determination of the tax base as the average annual residual value of the taxable object formed according to accounting rules to the use of the cadastral value of real estate objects in determining the tax base of property tax. The authors of the article studied the prehistory of inclusion of the above article in the Tax Code of the Russian Federation and its modernization in terms of formation of lists of real estate objects for taxation purposes on the basis of cadastral value, compare the norms of federal and regional legislation, analyze the practice of courts of various instances. Five typical issues arising in the formation of lists of real estate objects for taxation purposes on the basis of cadastral value are identified and optimal options for their resolution are proposed.
The Role of Agroforestry in Ecosystem Services and Mitigation of Climate Change
Authors: Worku A.
Published: July 2024

Relevance. Agroforestry systems are believed to provide a multitude of ecological services. It is thought that agroforestry enhances resilience to the impacts of climate change and aids in adaptation by supporting diverse land use practices, sustainable lifestyles, and income streams, as well as increasing productivity in both forests and agriculture, and reducing weather-related losses in production.

Results and Discussion. The aim of this review was to present genuine evidence on the role of agroforestry in ecosystem conservation and mitigation of climate change impacts. Compared to monocropping and open cereal-based agriculture, agroforestry has made a more significant contribution to ecosystem conservation and in reducing carbon dioxide emissions. However, it has been found that agroforestry contributes less to carbon sequestration than natural forests. Carbon sequestration through above-ground and underground biomass, carbon emission reduction from deforestation, and microclimate adjustment are key measures for mitigating climate change. Agroforestry systems provide essential ecosystem services, such as food, fuel wood, fodder, income, and improved soil production, which enable communities to cope better with the impacts of climate change. Therefore, agroforestry must be given significant attention if it is to play a crucial role in ecosystem management.
Protection plants of cucumber (Cucumis sativus) based on the biological characteristics of the development of bacteriosis
Authors: Shishkina E. V. , Oderova E. V.
Published: July 2024

Relevance. Large differences in the climatic conditions by the region Altai by years determine the prevalence and harmfulness of diseases, therefore, monitoring by the dynamics of disease development and assessing their harmfulness are relevant and necessary measures. An important role in modern plant protection technologies against diseases play biofungicides. The main advantages of biofungicides as compared with chemical plant protection products are safety for humans and the environment, short waiting times and the possibility of use throughout the growing season, the absence by risks of the emergence of resistant pathogens, the creation of conditions for the natural self–regulation of agrocenoses.

Materials and Methods. The research was carried out in 2018-2020 on the fields of the West Siberian Vegetable Experimental Station of the branch of the West-Siberian vegetable experimental station – branch of the Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution «Federal Scientific Vegetable Center». In the experiment was used the F1 hybrid Nezhinsky of Siberia. Accounting of the phytosanitary condition of crops were carried out in three periods with the determination by the degree of spread and the degree of development of the disease. Studied were the doses and timing of the use of biological preparations Phytolavin and Phytoplasmin in the fight against cucumber bacteriosis during the growing season. The repeatability of the experience was 4-fold, the placement of plots in 4 tiers, the area of the plot was 10 m2 , the accounting area was 3 m2 . The total area were 0.05 hectares.

Results. The applicationof drugs Phytolavin (2 l/ha), Phytoplasmin (3 l/ha), promotes to reduce the pace of development of development of bacterial spotting of cucumber in the open ground. The least development of the disease was noted by using the drugs Phytolavin 2 l/ha, Phytoplasmin 3 l/ha, Phytolavin 2 l/ha, with alternation and an interval of 14 days. By the influence of bactericidal treatments against bacterial spotting of cucumber, a higher weight of seed fruits was obtained in all variants compared to the control. The best result – 11.96% to the control was obtained on the variant by using the preparations Phytolavin 2 l/ha, Phytoplasmin 3 l/ha with alternation.
Diagnostics of mineral nutrition of carrot and red beet at organic and mineral fertilization systems
Authors: Belova S. V.
Published: July 2024

Relevance. In the transition to highly productive and environmentally friendly, in particular, organic agriculture and production of safe and high-quality products, which is a priority direction of strategies of scientific and technological development of the Russian Federation, one of the necessary links is the creation and control of optimal conditions of plant nutrition, i.e. provision of plants with nutrients in the right combination throughout the vegetation. Achievement of such conditions is possible through soil and plant nutrition diagnostics, which in turn allows to establish the ability of crops to assimilate nutrients from the soil and adjust the doses of mineral fertilisers as top dressings.

Material and Methods. On alluvial meadow soil in the conditions of the non-Black Earth region of Russia, the effectiveness of root feeding with macronutrients (NPK) was studied according to the results of plant and soil diagnostics of table root crops nutrition when grown on organic and mineral fertiliser systems. Plant and soil diagnostics of mineral nutrition was carried out according to the methods of Zerling V.V. (1990) and Magnitsky K.P. (1972). Two crops were tested during the experiment: red beet variety Mulatka and garden carrot variety Losinoostrovskaya 13.

Results and Discussion. Root fertilizers on the basis of nutrition diagnostics on the basis of soil and leaf petiole analysis made significant changes in the dynamics of basic nutrients in the soil, there was an increase in nitrate nitrogen and mobile potassium in comparison with the control variant, with natural soil supply of mobile phosphorus (more than 250 mg/kg), which had a positive effect on the root nutrition of plants. At the main application of mineral and organic (biocompost BIUD) fertilizers, root fertilizers according to nutrition diagnostics the carrot yield 51,2-63,9 t/ha with standard 87,4- 94,6%, red beet 41,7-54,2 t/ha with standard 80,7-92,3% were obtained. Root feeding of carrots by soil diagnostics N52K14 on the background of biocompost gave 24.9% increase to the control, by plant diagnostics N17 gave 16.6%; red beet by soil diagnostics N65K45 – 30% increase, by plant diagnostics N54K30 – 23.7%
Study of new elements of technology for cultivating a medium-ripening melon variety
Authors: Galichkina E. A. , Varivoda E. A.
Published: July 2024

Relevance. Due to climate change on the planet, it is becoming increasingly difficult to obtain high yields of melons and melons in rain-fed conditions. Therefore, it is necessary to develop modern methods of growing them. Accordingly, the use of new water-soluble fertilizers for the cultivation of melon in hot climates is a relevant work at the moment.

Material and methodology. Objects of research: medium-ripening melon variety GP 599f and watersoluble fertilizers Lignohumate, Energen Extra, Zinc Sulfate. We have carefully studied options using these fertilizers for double foliar treatment of plants during the growing season.

Results. As a result of studying new types of water-soluble fertilizers on increasing the vegetative mass of plants, yield and biochemical parameters of the variety sample, a positive effect was revealed. As a result of a comparative analysis of data on plant development after double treatment with the studied preparations, an increase in canes in all variants was noted in relation to the control by 4.3-18.7%. When calculating the yield in all studied options, an increase in these indicators was noted in relation to the option without treatments. After treating the plants with new types of fertilizers, the yield was 13.4-15.9 t/ha. The average fetal weight varied from 1.7 kg. up to 1.8 kg with maximum values in the Lignohumate and Energen Extra options. An analysis of the comparison of the biochemical composition of fruits showed that new types of fertilizers did not affect the taste and purity of the products. The dry matter content was noted to be 0.8-1% higher than the control variant. Nitrate levels in fruits did not exceed the maximum permissible concentration (90 mg/kg) and amounted to 24-28 mg/kg.
CYBER COUNSELING BASED SELF COUNSELING IN OVERCOMING SUICIDE IDEATION IN ADOLESCENTS
Authors: KASMAN RUSDI , SALMA SYARIFAH
Published: July 2024

This study aims to determine the level of suicidal ideation in adolescents, the level of effectiveness of the use of self-counseling based on cyber counseling in overcoming suicidal ideation and data on the types of cyber counseling platforms and materials used in self-counseling by adolescents in overcoming suicidal ideation when facing severe psychological problems. This type of research is descriptive quantitative through a description of the level of suicidal ideation in adolescents. The research location was in the Islamic Education Guidance and Counseling (BKPI) study program, Faculty of Islamic Religion, University of Ibn Khaldun Bogor. The research population was all students in the BKPI study program who showed symptoms or indicators of suicidal ideation. The samples obtained were 84 students. The sampling technique used was purposive sampling. The data collection technique used a structured questionnaire containing an attitude scale related to suicidal ideation. Data analysis used the Quantitative Descriptive Analysis (QDA) technique. The results of data analysis on self-counseling research based on cyber counseling in overcoming adolescent suicide ideation in the Islamic Education Guidance and Counseling study program show that there are suicidal ideations in adolescents when facing acute or severe psychological problems. The dominant application of self-counseling based on cyber counseling helps adolescents to overcome suicidal ideation. The cyber counseling platforms used in the self-counseling process are YouTube, Instagram, WhatsApp, Twitter, Tik-Tok, Google, Telegram and Pinterest.
Fluid and crystallized abilities as predictors of everyday cognitive competence in middle-aged adults
Authors: Juras Luka , Martincević Marina , Vranić Andrea , Rebernjak Blaž
Published: July 2024

The competence to independently solve everyday tasks is crucial for prosperous aging. Less is known about the contribution of fluid abilities and crystallized abilities to everyday cognitive competence in middle-aged adults. The current preliminary study examines the relative contributions of fluid intelligence and crystallized ability to everyday cognitive competence in a sample of 59 middle-aged adults (age range 49–65 years). Fluid intelligence and crystallized ability had statistically significant bivariate correlations with the everyday cognitive competence in our sample. Surprisingly, neither of two cognitive predictors had an independent contribution in predicting everyday cognitive competence when simultaneously introduced in hierarchical regression analysis. Our preliminary results call for future investigation of the complex relationship between various basic cognitive abilities and everyday cognitive competence.
Association of inflammation, oxidative stress, and deteriorated cognitive functions in patients after cardiac surgery
Authors: Sabolová Gabriela , Kočan Ladislav , Rabajdová Miroslava , Rapčanová Simona , Vašková Janka
Published: July 2024

The study is focused on the connection between cognitive dysfunction, inflammatory processes, oxidative stress, and various associated biological factors. Postoperative cognitive dysfunction is a condition where a patient exhibits a temporary deterioration in cognitive function after surgery, which may include problems with memory, concentration, and overall cognitive performance. While most common among elderly patients, it can occur in individuals of any age. The causes are not fully elucidated, but it is assumed that peripheral trauma during long-term surgical interventions is behind the development of inflammation and the creation of conditions of oxidative stress, which leads to the disruption of the blood-brain barrier and the subsequent development of cognitive impairment. This review aims to describe the detected changes at the level of selected markers of inflammation and oxidative damage in patients, primarily in connection with cardiac surgery.
The Evolution of Modern German Christian Democracy
Authors: Vasiliev V.
Published: July 2024

The article analyzes some aspects of the policies of the CDU and CSU, gives a forecast regarding their future course, and identifies possible political directions for Moscow in overcoming the estrangement between the Russian Federation and Germany. A noticeable decline in the popularity of the Chancellor O. Scholz’s government prompts the German scientific community to raise questions about the ability of the CDU/CSU opposition bloc to give impetus to the country’s modernization and protect national interests. The German Christian democracy is going through a period of evolutionary adaptation to a changing world. Its liberal, Christian, conservative and social components include the content of Atlantic attitudes, the European Union values with strengthening of the military vector, and gender philosophy. It seems that the core of voting for the CDU and CSU, among other things, consists of traditional postulates of this political trend. It also manifests itself in the policy towards Russia. Right-wing centrists incite Ukrainian radicals to transfer terrorist actions to the Russian territory, to the use of German long-range missiles by Kyiv against civilian objects in the depths of the Russian Federation. This testifies to the loss of a sense of reality among the CDU/CSU leaders, who, under the burden of historical reflection, dream of Moscow’s surrender. Although anti-Russian rhetoric is intensifying in Berlin, signs of distant realism in the CDU and CSU still appear. Even some prime ministers of the CDU in the former East Germany are cautiously for negotiations and the restoration of trade and economic ties with Moscow. The provisions in the new programs of the CDU/CSU regarding the preservation of traditions and experience in dialogue between state and civil society deserve close study. Perhaps it is here that the discussion points of contact intersect, an interface can be found for the exchange of views on the problems of education, science, demography, ecology, and on joint projects.