bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Physics-guided neural networks applied in rotor unbalance problems
Authors: Garpelli Lucas Nogueira , Alves Diogo Stuani , Cavalca Katia Lucchesi , de Castro Helio Fiori
Published: April 2023

Rotary systems are extremely important for the development of industrial production due to the large amount of work performed by these machines. However, rotating machines are prone to unbalance faults, which can reduce efficiency and, in the worst-case scenario, lead to catastrophic failure. Since artificial neural networks (ANNs) are very efficient at recognizing complex patterns, they are a useful tool to help diagnose and prevent rotor unbalance faults. Physics-Guided Machine Learning (PGML) is a class of machine learning algorithm that uses physical laws in its structure. In this paper, a method for unbalance fault identification using PGML is proposed, more specifically ANNs as machine learning—Physics-Guided Neural Networks (PGNN) is used. The first step adopts a standard ANN to locate the nodal position of the experimental fault. Afterwards, the PGNN is performed to quantify the unbalance magnitude and phase angle. Also, a comparison between the performance of the standard ANN and PGNN is accomplished. As input, the networks use simulation data of a rotor supported by hydrodynamic bearings modeled through the finite element method (FEM) and Reynolds’ equation. The results showed that the PGNN has smaller errors and better performance than the standard ANN. In addition, a small increase in the number of neurons improves the results of both networks.
Parenting self-efficacy in relation to children’s executive function and externalizing behavior
Authors: Yovita Marcellina , Hendrawan Donny
Published: April 2023

Parenting has a prominent role in predicting children’s externalizing behaviors (EB). Although parenting behavior has been shown by prior research to mediate the relationship between parenting self-efficacy (PSE) as the cognitive aspect of parenting and child EB, the role of children’s cognitive aspects in the relationship is not yet well understood. To improve understanding of the relationship between PSE, children’s EB, and children’s cognitive aspect, the current study aims to investigate the mediating effect of children’s executive function (EF) on the relationship between PSE and children’s EB in early childhood. Questionnaire data on PSE, child EF, and child EB were collected from 217 mothers of typically developed children aged 3 years to 8 years in Indonesia. Hayes PROCESS analysis revealed an indirect effect of maternal PSE on child EB that is mediated by child EF when socioeconomic status is controlled. With this indirect effect accounted for, the direct effect of maternal PSE on child EB disappears, suggesting a full mediation effect. Specifically, the relationship between PSE and child EB is fully mediated by inhibitory control, but only partially mediated by working memory. The discovery indicates that children’s EF deficit may increase child EB, along with a decrease in maternal PSE. These findings imply that in providing EB intervention for children, it is necessary to consider PSE and children’s EF.
Humour and the stretchy temporality of peer conflict in a group early childhood setting: An analysis of relational power
Authors: Dalli Carmen , Strycharz-Banaś Anna , Meyerhoff Miriam
Published: April 2023

While research on children’s humour is growing, few investigations have focused on how children use humour in conflict interactions, and specifically in group early childhood settings. Using data extracts from a project that investigated children’s naturally occurring conflict interactions in a multi-ethnic early childhood setting, we use interactional sociolinguistics to analyse how children used humour at unexpected moments during conflict situations. The analysis probes different meanings carried in the children’s use of humour, illustrating how humour intersected with personal and relational power to resolve or defuse conflict, or to coerce compliance with existing peer relational positions. The analysis broadens understandings of the significance of humour in children’s lives in early childhood settings, and particularly in the context of conflict interactions that have a ‘stretchy temporality’ connecting interactive moves to others in the past, and to existing power positions in peer relationships.
Educational efficacy for preschool parents in the time of COVID-19
Authors: Kurth Angela , Nuru Audra K
Published: April 2023

According to the National Center for Educational Statistics, more than 85% of U.S. children under the age of five attend pre-Kindergarten programs. When COVID-19 quickly caused much of the nation to close preschool programs with very little notice, the structure of education changed dramatically. The purpose of the present study was to explore two specific aims: First, the study examines the role of self-efficacy in educational involvement during COVID-19; and second, the study examines the impact of perceived resources on parental efficacy and involvement during COVID-19. Parents of pre-K students reported on their perception of the educational program’s resources and their own involvement and feelings of self-efficacy toward their child’s education. Results indicate that resources, self-efficacy, and involvement were challenged by the pandemic. Taken together, these results strengthen existing research on educational efficacy, parental engagement, and perceptions of resources during times of adversity.
Using legal doctrine and feminist theory to move beyond shared decision making for the practice of consent
Authors: Sarela Abeezar I.
Published: April 2023

The necessity of consent is widely justified on the basis of the principle of respect for autonomy. Also, it is widely believed that shared decision making (SDM) is the practical device to seek patients’ consent for medical treatment. In this essay, I argue that SDM, while necessary, is insufficient for consent; because, in the paradigm of evidence-based medicine, SDM is contingent upon other practices to identify appropriate treatments that form the subjects of SDM. Indeed, case law emphasises normative decision-making practices that precede SDM. Furthermore, case law supplies a nuanced understanding of SDM, which includes not only exchange of information but also attention to human vulnerability that persists despite formal retention of decision-making capacity. In addition, the law marks out a space in which people with capacity are absolutely entitled to self-determination. Thus, a four-step framework of decision making can be induced from legal doctrine. This legal framework corresponds to a construct of respect for autonomy that draws upon feminist theory. Feminist scholars have objected to the focus on individuals in traditional theories of autonomy; instead, they insist that people have to be considered in the context of their social influences and relationships. Feminists separate out four ideas of autonomy, and these ideas can be used to construct a four-layered model of respect for autonomy, in which each layer corresponds sequentially to a step in the legal framework of decision making. This model of respect for autonomy provides both conceptual clarity and theoretically robust justification for doctors’ various obligations in decision-making practices for consent.
Interactive immersive experience: Digital technologies for reconstruction and experiencing temple of Bel using crowdsourced images and 3D photogrammetric processes
Authors: Rihani Nemeh
Published: April 2023

This paper investigates the potential of dense multi-image 3D photogrammetric reconstruction of destroyed cultural heritage monuments by employing public domain imagery for heritage site visitors. This work focuses on the digital reconstruction of the Temple of Bel, one of the heritage monuments in Palmyra, Syria, which was demolished in the summer of 2015 due to armed conflict. This temple is believed to be one of the most significant religious structures of the first century AD in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region with its unique design and condition before destruction actions. The process is carried out using solely one source of images; the freely available visitors’ images collected from the social media platforms and web search engines. This paper presents a digital 3D reconstruction workflow for the collected images using an advanced photogrammetry pipeline and dense image matching software. The virtually reconstructed outputs will be managed and implemented efficiently in Unity3D to create an entire 3D virtual interactive environment for the deconstructed temple to be visualised and experienced using the new Oculus Quest VR headset. The virtual Palmyra’s visitor will be offered an enhanced walk-through off-site interactive, immersive experience compared to the real-world one, which is non-existing and unobtainable at the site in the current time.
The Role of Attachment, Insecurity, and Stress in Partner Maltreatment: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Knox Laura , Karantzas Gery , Ferguson Elizabeth
Published: April 2023

Negative, destructive, and abusive behaviors in romantic relationships can vary from explicit kinds of abuse and aggression to more subtle and seemingly innocuous slights against or ways of treating a partner. However, regardless of the severity or explicit nature, these behaviors all, to one extent or another, reflect acts of invalidation, disrespect, aggression, or neglect toward a partner, and could be considered maltreatment of a partner. The current paper proposes the term partner maltreatment as a broad overarching concept, which was used to facilitate a meta-analytic synthesis of the literature to examine the associations between attachment insecurity (i.e., attachment anxiety, attachment avoidance) and perpetration of partner maltreatment. Additionally, this paper situated partner maltreatment within an attachment-based diathesis-stress perspective to explore the moderating role of stress. Five databases were systematically searched for published and unpublished studies that examined the direct association between perpetrator’s adult attachment orientation and perpetration of partner maltreatment behaviors. We synthesized effect sizes from 139 studies ( N = 38,472) and found the effect between attachment insecurity and acts of partner maltreatment varied between r = .11 to .21. Our findings provide meta-analytic evidence to suggest that attachment insecurity is a significant individual vulnerability factor (diathesis) associated with partner maltreatment; and that when individuals with an insecure attachment orientation experience stress, the tendency to perpetrate partner maltreatment is typically heightened. The findings of this meta-analysis provide empirical evidence for the importance of considering and addressing contextual factors, especially stress, for those individuals and couples seeking therapy for partner maltreatment.
Women Higher Education Students’ Experiences of Sexual Violence: A Scoping Review and Thematic Synthesis of Qualitative Studies
Authors: Tarzia Laura , Henderson-Brooks Katrina , Baloch Surriya , Hegarty Kelsey
Published: April 2023

Sexual violence (SV) against women is common in higher education settings, causing serious harm to the health, well-being, and academic outcomes of victim/survivors. There have been numerous systematic reviews of the quantitative evidence on this topic, highlighting the prevalence, health impacts, and barriers and facilitators to help-seeking after SV. To date, however, qualitative research exploring the lived experience of women higher education students has not been synthesized. This scoping review and thematic synthesis of qualitative studies aims to map the global evidence on women higher education students’ experiences of SV and explore how they understand and make sense of their experiences. We searched five databases (CinAHL, Academic Search Complete, Medline, PsychInfo, and SocIndex) in January 2023 for relevant articles. Eligible articles needed to be published in English and describe qualitative or mixed-methods primary research on the lived experiences of women higher education students who were victim/survivors of SV. In all, 34 articles describing 32 studies met these inclusion criteria. Thematic analysis of data extracted from the included studies suggests that, for women higher education students, the experience of SV is characterized by profound shame, with often-irreversible impacts on hopes and plans for the future. Yet, at the same time, SV is normalized and expected as a part of the “student experience.” Furthermore, an imagined “specter” of “real violence” is held up as a constant comparison that serves to minimize and trivialize their experiences. These findings have important implications for higher education providers seeking to improve programs to address SV.
Stent Implantation and Thromboendarterectomy for the Common Femoral Artery in Real-World Practice
Authors: Iwata Yo , Takahara Mitsuyoshi , Nakama Tatsuya , Fujimura Naoki , Suzuki Kenji , Yamaoka Terutoshi , Fukuzawa Shigeru
Published: April 2023

Purpose:

To compare the outcomes of thromboendarterectomy (TEA) and endovascular therapy (EVT) with stenting for patients with atherosclerotic common femoral artery (CFA) occlusive disease.

Materials and Methods:

From a retrospective registry of 1193 consecutive patients with CFA treatment performed between 2018 and 2020 at 66 institutions in Japan, we identified patients who underwent TEA (n=432) or stent implantation (n=157). The primary outcome measures were the 1-year primary patency of TEA versus stenting with propensity score matching. The secondary outcome measures were perioperative complications, length of hospital stay, any reintervention, limb salvage, and overall survival. Interaction analysis for primary patency was performed with propensity score stratification to determine the appropriate target population for CFA stenting.

Results:

Propensity score matching extracted 101 pairs (101 patients in the EVT group and 253 patients in the TEA group). The 1-year primary patency rate was significantly higher in the TEA cohort (92.8% vs 84.6%, p=0.006). The freedom from reintervention rate was also significantly higher in the TEA cohort (94.0% vs 89.9%, p=0.030). However, the 1-year limb salvage (98.7% vs 100.0%, p=0.32), 1-year overall survival (90.8% vs 85.0%, p=0.14), and frequency of perioperative complications were not significantly different between the cohorts (6.9% vs 14.2%, p=0.10). Based on interaction analysis, the superiority of TEA over EVT in terms of patency was less apparent in patients with advanced age and chronic heart failure.

Conclusions:

Thromboendarterectomy was superior to stenting in terms of primary patency and freedom from revascularization at 1 year. There was no significant difference in the incidence of perioperative complications between both groups. Thromboendarterectomy may be recommended as the standard treatment strategy for patients with atherosclerotic CFA disease, whereas stenting may be considered for patients with advanced age and chronic heart failure.

Clinical Impact

Thromboendarterectomy compared to stenting was the preferred revascularization strategy for patients with CFA disease in terms of primary patency and freedom from target lesion revascularization during the 1st year. The difference was attenuated in subgroups with advanced age (85 years or older) or chronic heart failure, thus stenting may be considered in patients with these backgrounds.
A comparative performance of antibacterial effectiveness of copper and silver coated textiles
Authors: Ali Azam , Petrů Michal , Azeem Musaddaq , Noman Tayyab , Masin Ivan , Amor Nesrine , Militky Jiri , Tomková Blanka
Published: April 2023

During current COVID-19 crises, the antimicrobial textiles primarily those utilized in hospital by doctors and paramedical staff have become increasingly important. Thus, there is an unmet requirement to develop antimicrobial textiles for infection control and hygiene practices. Metallic nanoparticles exhibit great effectiveness towards resistant microbial species making them a potential solution to the increasing antibiotic resistance. Due to this, nanoparticles particularly copper and silver have become most prevalent forms of antibacterial finishing agents for the development of antimicrobial textiles. This review is mainly focused on the significance of copper and silver nanoparticles for the development of antimicrobial textiles. The comparative analysis of the antibacterial effectiveness of copper and silver nanoparticles as well as the possible physical and chemical interactions responsible for their antibacterial action are explained. The negative impact of pathogenic microbes on textiles and possible interactions of antimicrobial agents with microbes have also been highlighted. The significance of nanotechnology for the development of antimicrobial textiles and their applications in medical textiles domain have also been discussed. Various green synthesis and chemical methods used for the synthesis of Ag and Cu nanoparticles and their application on textile substrates to impart antimicrobial functionality have also been discussed. The various qualitative and quantitative standard testing protocols utilised for the antimicrobial characterization of textiles have also discussed in this review. The developed Cu and Ag coated textiles could be effectively applied in the field of hospital textiles for the preparation of antibacterial scrub suits, surgical gowns, panel covers, protective clothing, bedding textiles, coveralls, wound dressings, table covers, curtains, and chair covers etc.
Effect of papermaking technique parameters on air permeability and sound insulation of glass fiber felt
Authors: Hu Jian , Li Xiaojun , Han Ruonan , Xue Jieyu , Zhang Zhaoying , Peng Jing , Tian Jiayu , Yang Yong
Published: April 2023

Glass fiber felt (GFF) as a fibrous and porous material has caught much attention because its light mass, low cost and excellent acoustic properties. In this paper, GFF was prepared via the papermaking technique to explore the correlation between glass fiber suspension characteristics and physical properties (uniformity, air permeability and sound insulation) of GFF. The consequence presented that increasing the dispersing times and speeds could decrease aspect ratio and flocculation of fibers, which was useful to improve viscosity and fiber hanging property of glass fiber suspension, and uniformity of GFF. However, there was no visible impact on the air permeability of GFF. The results also indicated that increasing the dispersing times could decrease sound transmission loss (STL), however which could be enhanced by changing the dispersing speeds. The optimal dispersing speed was 3000 r/min and STL could be reached 15.78 dB at 6300 Hz. Generally, GFF could be used as acoustic material for building and transportation.
Predictors of Discharge Destination After Stroke
Authors: Schrage Theresa , Thomalla Götz , Härter Martin , Lebherz Lisa , Appelbohm Hannes , Rimmele David Leander , Kriston Levente
Published: April 2023

Background

Determining the discharge destination after acute stroke care is important to prevent long-term disabilities and improve cost efficiency.

Objective

The aim of this study was to investigate where stroke patients are discharged to after acute treatment and to identify personal, social, stroke-related, and clinical predictors of discharge destination.

Methods

The present study included a secondary exploratory analysis of a prospective observational study. Patients with acute ischemic stroke, transient ischemic attack, or intracerebral hemorrhage were recruited consecutively over a 15-month period. A hierarchical multinomial logistic regression was performed to identify predictors of the primary outcome of discharge destination.

Results

We included 1026 stroke patients (48.7% female) with a mean age of 73.3 years (standard deviation 12.9 years) in the analysis. Overall, 55% of the patients were discharged home, 33% to a rehabilitation center, 3% to a residential facility, and 8% to another acute care hospital. Predictors that statistically significantly influenced the odds of the discharge destination were age, living situation pre-stroke, living location pre-stroke, stroke type, stroke severity, treatment type, and length of stay. Higher stroke severity was associated with discharge to all four inpatient facilities.

Conclusions

In line with previous research, predictors such as stroke severity and living situation pre-stroke significantly influenced the odds of the discharge destination. In contrast, pre-existing conditions and functional impairment pre-stroke had no significant impact on the primary outcome. This discrepancy could be due to a rather functional study sample before stroke and the use of clinical and patient-reported outcome measures.
Failing to See a Difference: Closing a Gender Gap in a Challenging Video Game
Authors: Anderson Craig G. , Cullen Amanda L. L.
Published: April 2023

How players react to failure remains an understudied area of games research. Previous work has shown that mastery orientation can effectively gauge how players will behave in response to failure in a video game. This study shows that after playing a challenging video game for two weeks, women who initially scored lower on this scale significantly increased, while men significantly decreased. No differences were found regarding how much they played, how often they failed, or their reactions to in-game failure. This suggests that this change is not rooted in their behavior, but in their perceptions of their ability to persist in these environments. These perceptions may have been influenced by well-documented stereotype biases that women and other individuals face entering video game communities. While this doesn’t address the root cause, it suggests that the perception of their ability to persist through challenging games can change with exposure, relieving these held biases.
Studying Voices of Middle Childhood Online: Conducting Online Video-Based Focus Groups With Children
Authors: Van der Voort Anja , Tessensohn Lisa M. , de Jonge Maretha V.
Published: April 2023

The use of online focus groups is becoming popular as a qualitative research method and the literature available for evaluating this data collection method is useful. However, to the best of our knowledge almost no methodological information is available on synchronous, online video-based focus groups with children of 10–12 years of age. In this article we describe our experiences with a study in which we conducted a total of 13 online synchronous video-based focus groups with children of this age. Our study generated rich and useful data, however, during our research we also encountered several challenges. In this paper we discuss these challenges concerning a) the technical tools used, b) the interaction between children, and c) ethical issues. We evaluate possible solutions and in doing so, also discuss standard procedures that are used in real-life focus groups, such as the optimum number of children, the duration of the focus groups, and the relation between the moderator and the children. We conclude that, when conducting online focus groups with children, researchers need to consider several aspects beforehand such as using a platform that is well-known to the children, developing a technical step-by-step guide, and recruiting a flexible moderator that is familiar with child development. We propose a flexible framework that includes questions and offers suggestions for conducting online focus groups with children aged 10–12 years. This framework can inform researchers wanting to conduct online focus groups with children in the future.
Beyond “insider” and “outsider” in the Field: Reflections on the Roles of Human Geographers in Shifting Contexts
Authors: Zou Guannan
Published: April 2023

Previous scholarship in qualitative methodologies commonly classifies researchers’ status in the field into insiders or outsiders. However, the prevalence of participatory observation in numerous social science disciplines has blurred the insider/outsider dichotomy and highlighted that the levels of researchers’ involvement in the field are becoming context-specific and far more complex than just insider or outsider. Inspired by this tendency in fieldwork methodology, this paper seeks insights from a theory in communication studies, role theory, to understand researchers’ status regarding the roles they adopt in their interactions with research participants. Through reference to relevant sociological and psychological schools of thought, this paper highlights discourse as a crucial instrument for researchers’ role-making in fieldwork. This study draws on the author’s experience conducting fieldwork in a Central China city to demonstrate how a researcher engages in shifting field contexts by intentionally assuming numerous roles. To explore state-firm relations in local development, the author recruited two groups of research participants: government officials and business managers. The author actively learned and employed comparable discursive techniques in interactions with each group of participants, thereby assuming various roles in different contexts. These findings underscore the purposeful self-presentation and intentional role-playing/change as effective means for human geographers and researchers in extensive disciplines to be involved in participant groups for gathering data more efficiently. Meanwhile, the author’s self-reflection also illuminates the consequent impacts on research outcomes and ethical issues due to the involvement of researchers in their participants, therefore highlighting the necessity for detachment.
Long-term outcomes of thoracic endovascular repair with quick fenestrater assisted in situ fenestration for type B aortic dissection
Authors: He Tianxiao , Bai Jun , Wu Jianjin , Liu Yandong , Qu Lefeng
Published: April 2023

Objectives

To report the long-term outcomes of patients with type B aortic dissection (TBAD) treated with thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR) and quick fenestrated (QF)-assisted in situ fenestration (ISF).

Methods

Between October 2017 and December 2018, 15 patients with TBAD requiring revascularization of the supra-aortic trunks underwent TEVAR with QF-assisted ISF at our institution.

Results

Thirteen of the 15 patients were male, and the mean age was 52.87 ± 11.26. The technical success rate was 100%. Thirty-day mortality rate was 0. The median follow-up period was 41 months (range, 35–49). During follow-up, one non-aortic-related death was recorded, no fenestration lost its alignment, and no stroke or stent graft migration was observed. Two patients underwent another successful endovascular repair. One case of type Ib endoleak occurred 19 months postoperatively. This was caused by aortic progression distal to the stent graft. Another stent graft with a larger diameter was implanted in the descending aorta. One case of type Ic endoleak was observed 35 months postoperatively. The patient was diagnosed during the annual follow-up without any symptoms. Another bridging stent graft was implanted into the left subclavian artery distal to the already existing one, and the type Ic endoleak was successfully treated.

Conclusions

TEVAR with QF-assisted ISF may be an effective treatment for ISF in type B aortic dissection.
Analysis of the return in professional men's and women's padel
Authors: Escudero-Tena Adrián , Ibáñez Sergio J , Vaquer Castillo Antonio , Sánchez-Alcaraz Bernardino Javier , Ramón-Llin Jesús , Muñoz Diego
Published: April 2023

The goal of this research was to analyze how situational variables such as the tactical position and the direction of the serve, the return's direction, and the score affect the vertical trajectory (VT) of the return (straight or lob) in men's and women's professional padel. For this, a sample of 2752 points (1431 men and 1321 women) corresponding to 69 matches played in the 2021 season of the World Padel Tour circuit was used. The VT of the return (straight or lob), to which player it was oriented, how important the point was attending to the score, the tactical position of the serving players, and the direction of the serve by systematic observation were recorded. The results showed that situational variables had a significant influence on the type of vertical return trajectory. Men performed a significantly higher percentage of straight returns (three out of four returns) when returning to the player at serve, or at a nonkey moment, or Australian position, or when the serve was to the body or to the side wall. In contrast, women returned a significantly higher percentage of lob returns (three out of four returns) to the server's partner, or in golden point situations, or in serves to the “T” and to the body, regardless of the tactical position at serve. The return had not been analyzed considering the score, observing changes in the golden points. These results have a great impact both on carrying out specific return training and on improving pair's anticipation to serve in different return situations.
Prevalence and factors associated with drug therapy problems among hypertensive patients at hypertension clinic of Mbarara Regional Referral Hospital, Uganda: a |cross-sectional study
Authors: Babirye Merab , Yadesa Tadele Mekuriya , Tamukong Robert , Obwoya Paul Stephen
Published: April 2023

Background:

Despite the use of safe and effective conventional drugs, drug therapy problems (DTPs) pose a threat to the successful management of hypertension. DTPs are of a great concern in health care because of their serious consequences such as poor quality of life, increased health care costs, morbidity and mortality. However, there is no published information regarding the prevalence of DTPs and associated factors among hypertensive patients in Uganda.

Objective:

The aim of the study was to determine the prevalence and factors associated with DTPs among hypertensive patients at the hypertension clinic of Mbarara Regional Referral Hospital (MRRH).

Method:

A cross-sectional study was conducted at the hypertension clinic, MRRH, Uganda among 228 hypertensive patients. Data were collected from medical records using a data abstraction tool and patients were interviewed using a structured questionnaire. Data analysis was done using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 22.0. Descriptive analysis was used to determine the prevalence of DTPs. Logistic regression was used to determine the association between the independent and dependent variables. Variables were considered statistically significant at p-value <0.05.

Results:

A total of 178 DTPs were identified among 141 hypertensive patients. The prevalence of antihypertensive-related DTPs was 61.8% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 55.3–67.5) with an average of 1.26 ± 0.52 DTPs per patient. Out of 141 participants with DTPs, 109 (77.3%) had one DTP, 27 (19.1%) had 2 DTPs, and 5 (3.5%) had 3 DTPs. The most common types of antihypertensive-related DTPs were ‘dosage too low’ which accounted for 53 (29.8%), followed by ‘adverse drug reactions’ which accounted for 48 (27%). Uncontrolled blood pressure (BP; adjusted odds ratio [AOR]: 4.17; 95% CI: 2.33–7.45, p < 0.001) and routine laboratory test results (AOR: 1.87; 95% CI: 1.04–3.36, p = 0.036) were significantly associated with antihypertensive-related DTPs among hypertensive patients.

Conclusion:

Almost two-thirds of study participants had antihypertensive-related DTPs. The most common DTPs were ‘dosage too low’ and ‘adverse drug reactions’ which both accounted for almost a third of the total DTPs each. Uncontrolled BP and routine laboratory test results were significantly associated with antihypertensive-related DTPs among the study participants. Our study emphasizes the need for improved patient care by clinical pharmacists to identify and prevent DTPs among hypertensive patients.
Strategic application of imaging in DMOAD clinical trials: focus on eligibility, drug delivery, and semiquantitative assessment of structural progression
Authors: Guermazi Ali , Roemer Frank W. , Crema Michel D. , Jarraya Mohamed , Mobasheri Ali , Hayashi Daichi
Published: April 2023

Despite decades of research efforts and multiple clinical trials aimed at discovering efficacious disease-modifying osteoarthritis (OA) drugs (DMOAD), we still do not have a drug that shows convincing scientific evidence to be approved as an effective DMOAD. It has been suggested these DMOAD clinical trials were in part unsuccessful since eligibility criteria and imaging-based outcome evaluation were solely based on conventional radiography. The OA research community has been aware of the limitations of conventional radiography being used as a primary imaging modality for eligibility and efficacy assessment in DMOAD trials. An imaging modality for DMOAD trials should be able to depict soft tissue and osseous pathologies that are relevant to OA disease progression and clinical manifestations of OA. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) fulfills these criteria and advances in technology and increasing knowledge regarding imaging outcomes likely should play a more prominent role in DMOAD clinical trials. In this perspective article, we will describe MRI-based tools and analytic methods that can be applied to DMOAD clinical trials with a particular emphasis on knee OA. MRI should be the modality of choice for eligibility screening and outcome assessment. Optimal MRI pulse sequences must be chosen to visualize specific features of OA.
Secondary Risk in COVID-19 Vaccination Intentions: A Theoretical Contribution to the Protection Motivation Paradigm
Authors: Prince Melvin , Kim Young
Published: April 2023

This study presents an original model that features the emotion of fear of COVID-19 as a direct effect on vaccination intentions. A central research question addressed in the study is what roles do the emotion of fear of contracting COVID-19 and the threat posed by uptake of the COVID-19 vaccination play in levels of vaccination intention? The study used a structural equation model (SEM) and applied the SmartPLS 3.2.6 data analysis tool for model estimation and multivariate analysis variables. A key finding is that vaccination resistance is strongest when fear of COVID-19 is lower, and vaccination threat higher. Vaccination threat appraisal and vaccination intention were found to have a negative relationship. Response costs at higher levels lessen motivation for COVID-19 vaccination. Research implications include research-based targeting of differing segments by their primary fear, either fear of COVID-19 or of the preventative vaccine.
Specifying elsewheres and middles
Authors: Ren Julie
Published: April 2023

The approaches proffered by Teo et al. in ‘Theorizing with urban China’ are constructive ways forward that also provoke a number of questions about the qualitative distinctions between generalizing and universalizing when it comes to theory. While supportive of the gestures to think with elsewhere, to generate theory for the mid-range and to work with researchers who are embedded in the contexts of study, some specifications are desired: If not everywhere, then which specific elsewheres are relevant? How big is the middle of mid-range theorization? How deeply embedded should collaborators be?
Does cram school participation bring about negative emotions? Causal inference based on Chinese Education Panel Survey (CEPS) data
Authors: Li Shiyuan , Liu Aiyu
Published: April 2023

This study focuses on the causal relationship between teenagers’ participation in cram schools and their emotional well-being. Our analysis is based on Chinese Education Panel Survey data (CEPS 2013–2015). We construct instrumental variables and introduce lagged variables to mitigate possible endogeneity problems. The major findings are as follows. First, the participation of socioeconomically disadvantaged teenagers in cram schools significantly exacerbates their negative emotions. Teenagers of advantaged family socioeconomic status (SES) show better ability in emotion regulation and in avoiding specific negative emotions. Second, we explore class heterogeneity in emotion regulation. Specifically, we propose a preliminary theoretical framework based on a typology of parenting styles. We conjecture that parents of different social classes may respond differently to their children's negative emotions. And for children who attend cram schools, there might be intergroup disparities in their own emotion-regulation ability by their class origins. Empirically, we carry out a counterfactual analysis to further illustrate the association between class difference in emotion regulation and that in the depressive effect of cram school participation, providing supporting evidence for our theoretical framework. In sum, our study is helpful to further our understanding of the implications of emotional health inequality which may derive from the “shadow education” system.
Default Feature Selection in Credit Risk Modeling: Evidence From Chinese Small Enterprises
Authors: Chai Nana , Shi Baofeng , Meng Bin , Dong Yizhe
Published: April 2023

This paper aims to design a novel AFCM-SMOTENC-APRIORI model to mine the default feature attributes of small enterprises. It can overcome the problem that the data characteristics of “small defaulting small enterprises and large non-defaulting small enterprises” make it difficult to mine the defaulting feature attributes of existing small enterprises. We used 1,231 small enterprise credit data from a city commercial bank in China to make an empirical analysis. We found that 23 feature attributes are strongly associated with default and 87% of the association rules are the same between the extended data and the original data mining. It shows that the data mining results with SMOTE-NC are highly consistent with the results of the original data mining, and the model is robust and reliable. It can be used as a reference for the credit risk identification of small enterprises in commercial banks.
Gender Differences in Mathematics Achievement: The Case of a Business School in Spain
Authors: Arroyo-Barrigüete Jose Luis , Carabias-López Susana , Borrás-Pala Francisco , Martín-Antón Gloria
Published: April 2023

Previous research on the gender gap in mathematics indicates that, in the case of Spain, the gap is stable and has even increased during the last years both in primary and secondary education. The objective of this paper is to analyze whether this gender gap remains by changing the academic level and the way of measuring performance. A sample of 2,713 undergraduate management students (1,478 female and 1,235 male) has been analyzed. The results show that the mathematical level in university entrance is significantly higher in male students, confirming the existence of the aforementioned gap. Nevertheless, throughout the first year of university studies, it has been observed that in most degrees there are no differences between male and female students in terms of their achievement in mathematics. In fact, in those cases in which differences do exist, they occur in the opposite direction, with female students achieving better performance.
Adoption of Information Technology and its Impact on Human Capital Performance in Micro and Small Enterprises in India
Authors: Kaur Gaganpreet , Rao Balram , Singh Harvinder
Published: April 2023

We examined the impact of adoption of information technology on human capital performance of MSEs in India. A sample of 500 respondent firms from north states of Punjab, Haryana and Himachal Pradesh has been collected from health care services and hospitality sector. To reach the target population judgmental sampling technique has been used. Multiple regression technique and descriptive statistics have been applied to analyse the results. The study found that information technology has positive impact on the work experience and overall employee productivity. So, it is concluded that investment in information technology significantly affects the human capital performance of firms. So, our findings recommended that micro and small firms should invest more and more in human capital to enhances entrepreneurial performance. It also helps in sustainability of business with optimum profits.
Typology of Indian Domestic Tourists: Clustering Based on Motives to Visit
Authors: Rishi Bikramjit , Chatterjee Tapas Kumar
Published: April 2023

The study aims to segment domestic tourists and understand the differences across these segments. It adopts an empirical approach and seeks to provide implications relevant to marketers. The literature review indicates that research on the motivational factors of domestic tourists needs to be more comprehensive. The study was carried out on a sample frame of domestic tourist respondents. Data were collected from 456 respondents by using a survey approach. An adapted questionnaire has been used to collect the data. The study uses the SPSS software to apply the K-mean cluster analysis to determine the most appropriate number of clusters, and travel motivation scores were calculated. The results indicate three prime segments among domestic tourists: self-enhancers, pleasure tourists and sensation seekers. The motivational factors driving these segments hold far-reaching marketing implications for tourism marketers. The study’s findings will help tourism marketers design an appropriate marketing strategy to attract tourists.
Honey Adulteration and Corporate Irresponsibility in India: Visualizing Corporate Sustainability
Authors: Mohapatra Bishnuprasad
Published: April 2023

Responsibility is a crucial component of corporate sustainability. Deviation from responsibility is considered as irresponsible corporate practice. The present article highlights the issue of honey adulteration as an irresponsible corporate practice. The study is based on the Centre for Science and Environment investigation report on honey adulteration business in India. The article uses thematic analysis through descriptive research design with an inductive approach to show how honey adulteration is an irresponsible practice within the core area of corporate responsibilities—economic, legal and ethical domains. Honey adulteration is an irresponsible practice by the corporate in its core areas of responsibility and simultaneously affects all the stakeholders in its business relationship. Eventually, it would affect the business’s credibility and sustainability in the long run, if the issues are not appropriately addressed. The findings of the article suggest that to achieve business sustainability, corporations need to internalize and institutionalize the core responsibilities and government guidelines in their business operation. On the basis of the findings, the article offers relevant policy and practical implications for corporate to stay away from irresponsible business practices and suggests scopes for future research in the domain.
Successful Medical-Surgical Management of Intracardiac Thrombosis and Pulmonary Pseudoaneurysms in an Adolescent With Hughes-Stovin Syndrome
Authors: Villacis-Nunez D. Sofia , West Zachary , Khan Adil Y. , Rodriguez Fred , Shane Andi L. , Rytting Heather , Shashidharan Subhadra , Clifton Matthew S. , Woods Gary , Clabby Martha , Prahalad Sampath
Published: April 2023

We present an adolescent male with a single intracardiac mass and pulmonary emboli, complicated by peripheral venous thrombosis and subsequent development of pulmonary pseudoaneurysms, leading to diagnosis of Hughes-Stovin syndrome. Remission was achieved with cyclophosphamide, corticosteroids, and pseudoaneurysm resection and maintained with infliximab and methotrexate.
PrEP Acceptance among Eligible Patients Attending the Largest PrEP Clinic in Jackson, Mississippi
Authors: Hollcroft Madison R. , Gipson June , Barnes Alicia , Mena Leandro , Dombrowski Julia C. , Ward Lori M. , Khosropour Christine M.
Published: April 2023

Compared to other states in the United States, Mississippi has the lowest uptake of PrEP relative to the number of people newly diagnosed with HIV in the state. Open Arms Healthcare Center is the largest provider of PrEP in Mississippi, and has systematically documented PrEP eligibility, offers, and acceptance (ie, agreed to undergo a clinical PrEP evaluation) from 2017 to mid-2020. In encounter-based analyses, we examined factors associated with PrEP acceptance. Among 721 encounters where patients were eligible for PrEP, staff offered PrEP at 680 (94%) of encounters (526 unique individuals); individuals accepted a PrEP offer at 58% of encounters. Accepting a PrEP offer was lowest (15.8%) among transgender/non-binary individuals and highest (93.3%) among individuals who reported having sex partners living with HIV. This clinic's model worked to offer PrEP to a highly impacted population, though there is a need to enhance PrEP acceptance for key groups such as transgender/non-binary individuals.
A Qualitative Study of the Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Metastatic Breast Cancer Care
Authors: Woods Joshua , Elmore Shekinah NC , Glenn Lesley , Maues Julia , James Deltra , Roberson Mya L.
Published: April 2023

The COVID-19 pandemic substantially impacted the delivery of oncology care, particularly for individuals with metastatic cancers. The objective of this study was to qualitatively evaluate the impacts of COVID-19 on metastatic breast cancer (MBC) care among patients. This study consisted of 36 semi-structured qualitative interviews conducted virtually with people living with MBC, who were members of a patient support organization called Project Life. Project Life is an MBC patient-led, web-based wellness community. Responses were analyzed using Phronetic Iterative Analysis. Interviews were conducted from March 14, 2022, to May 31, 2022. Analysis from 36 individual in-depth qualitative interviews revealed the following themes during COVID-19: (1) variable preferences for telehealth (2) disruptions to care, (3) virtualization of social care. Wide variations existed in preferences surrounding telehealth, centered around ideas of convenience. Disruptions to care included delays to diagnostic care, isolation from caregivers, and interruptions associated with COVID-19 infection. These results call for adaptability in oncology care given wide-ranging preferences on telehealth and the shifting of available support services.
Effect of Early Mobilization on Hip and Lower Extremity Postoperative: A Literature Review
Authors: Aprisunadi  , Nursalam Nursalam , Mustikasari Mustikasari , Ifadah Erlin , Hapsari Elsi Dwi
Published: April 2023

Introduction

The incidence of fracture and surgery of the hip and lower extremities is still high. Long postoperative bed rest can potentially increase the incidence of various complications that may increase patients’ morbidity and mortality rate after hip and lower extremities surgery. This literature review aimed to identify the effects of early mobilization on hip and lower extremity postoperative.

Methods

Search for articles on several databases such as ProQuest, ScienceDirect, CINAHL, Medline, Wiley Online, and Scopus, using the Boolean operator tools with “AND” and “OR” words by combining several keywords according to the literature review topic, with inclusion criteria of those published in the last three years (2019–2021), using a quantitative design, written in English and full-text articles. A total of 435 articles were obtained, screened, and reviewed so that there were 16 (sixteen) eligible articles.

Results

There were 11 (eleven) effects of early mobilization, that is, shorter the length of stay, lower postoperative complication, lower the pain, increase walking ability, increase quality of life, decrease the rate of readmission, decrease mortality rate, lower the total hospitalization cost, higher number of physical therapy sessions prior to discharge, increase in satisfaction, and no fracture displacement or implant failure.

Conclusion

This literature review showed that early mobilization is safe and effective in postoperative patients to reduce the risk of complications and adverse events. Nurses and health workers who care for patients can implement early mobilization and motivate patients to cooperate in undergoing early mobilization.