bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analysis of application and improvement of methods to solve discrete models of Boltzmann equation
Authors: Zhukov V.P. , Barochkin A.Ye. , Belyakov A.N. , Sizova O.V.
Published: December 2021

To describe technological systems using models of Markov chains and discrete models of the Boltzmann equation it is necessary to determine the probabilities of transition of a system from one state to another. An urgent topic of a scientific research is to improve the accuracy of solving the Boltzmann equation by making a reasonable choice of probabilities of transition and admissible areas of their application. The strategy to model and determine the probabilities of transitions is based on the finite volume method, the ratios of the theory of probability and the joint analysis of material and energy balances. Considering the ratios of the theory of probability, the authors have obtained the refined formula for the probabilities of transitions over the cells of the computational space of discrete models of the Boltzmann equations in case of the description of technological systems. Recommendations to choose the area of application of the model are presented. The computational analysis has showed a significant improvement of the quality of forecasting when we implement the proposed dependencies and recommendations. The relative error of calculating the energy of the system is reduced from 8,4 to 2,8 %. The presented calculated dependencies to determine the probabilities of transition and recommendations for their application can be used to simulate various technological processes and improve the quality of their description.
Cicloturismo como ferramenta de desenvolvimento sustentável em área rural: Desafios e oportunidades no processo de retomada pós-pandemia da COVID-19
Authors: Saldanha Luiz , Fraga Carla , Balassiano Ronaldo
Published: December 2021

Ao se considerar o planejamento e a gestão de cicloturismo sob a ótica da sustentabilidade, as oportunidades e os desafios no processo de retomada do turismo pós-pandemia do COVID 19 são inúmeros. Portanto, o objetivo deste estudo é analisar especificamente o cicloturismo como ferramenta para o desenvolvimento sustentável de áreas rurais no Brasil. A pesquisa é exploratória e descritiva. A parte empírica deriva do cruzamento de dados secundários, obtidos de diversas fontes, sendo três passos: (a) mapeamento das rotas de cicloturismo consolidadas no Brasil antes da pandemia; (b) classificação e caracterização dos municípios abrangidos; e (c) contextualização dos resultados a partir da Agenda 2030 e Covid-19. Numa perspectiva holística, os resultados contribuem para se avançar em quatro temáticas: (1) aspectos normativos e regulação; (2) participação cidadã; (3) infraestrutura e serviços; e (4) gestão, controle e operação. Em síntese, compreende-se que a bicicleta, na interface do desenvolvimento do turismo sustentável, pode inclusive contribuir para conter um problema chave da globalização, qual seja o êxodo rural em municípios de até 5 mil habitantes, ou naqueles de até 20 mil habitantes. Resultados apontam para a função estratégica desempenhada por estes municípios na manutenção de rotas de cicloturismo já consolidadas na retomada do turismo pós-pandemia.
OS ESTEREÓTIPOS RELACIONADOS AO ENVELHECIMENTO E À VIOLAÇÃO AOS DIREITOS DA PERSONALIDADE
Authors: Pereira Nadia Carolina Martins , Siqueira Dirceu Pereira
Published: December 2021

A presente pesquisa buscou analisar quais são os estereótipos relacionados a velhice e as consequências de tais prejulgamentos provocadas aos direitos da personalidade dos idosos. Para tanto, tornou-se necessário analisar os aspectos biológicos do envelhecimento e a preocupação do Estado para com a população da terceira idade, que tem aumentado consideravelmente nas últimas décadas. Além disso, examinou-se as causas geradoras dos estereótipos da velhice, como a crise dos valores morais e o esmorecimento da ética, que acarretam na marginalização e, consequentemente, na violação da dignidade humana do idoso. A metodologia utilizada foi o método hipotético dedutivo, que consiste na pesquisa bibliográfica e documental de obras doutrinárias, principalmente em bases de dados.
HISTÓRICO E IMPORTÂNCIA DA AGRICULTURA FAMILIAR NO BRASIL: CONTEXTO LEGAL E A APLICABILIDADE DA INTERNET DAS COISAS
Authors: Pinto Núbia Daisy Fonesi , Freitas Vladimir Passos de
Published: December 2021

Este trabalho visa analisar o tratamento jurídico dado à Agricultura Familiar no Brasil, como modo de produção sustentável. Na busca deste objetivo, foi utilizado o método hipotético-dedutivo, com análise da legislação, livros e artigos publicados. A agricultura familiar somente passou a ter visibilidade no cenário jurídico brasileiro na década de 1990, a partir de quando várias políticas públicas foram criadas, visando fomentar essa atividade. Observa-se que o tratamento normativo dado à agricultura familiar no Brasil evidencia os seus benefícios, como a alimentação saudável e diversificada, a rotação de culturas e o incentivo à economia local. Constatou-se que a tecnologia da Internet das Coisas pode auxiliar na sua evolução, propiciando, simultaneamente, maior sustentabilidade e ganhos ambientais.
OS DIREITOS DA PERSONALIDADE DA EMPRESA: A TUTELA DA PESSOA JURÍDICA E SUA ABRANGÊNCIA
Authors: Moraes Carlos Alexandre , Vieira Diego Fernandes
Published: December 2021

O presente trabalho tem por objetivo o estudo dos direitos da personalidade e a sua ampliação e adequação às pessoas jurídicas, visto que estas são detendoras de personalidade no ordenamento jurídico brasileiro e carecem de uma normatização específica, tendo somente o art. 52 do Código Civil como fundamentação para a aplicação dos direitos da personalidade. Utilizando o método hipotético-dedutivo, pautado em pesquisa bibliográfica e documental, verificou-se a necessidade de uma discussão sobre a temática, e uma visão mais protecionaista em relação a estes entes fictícios, que são dotados de personalidade e possuem grande importância para a sociedade. Assim, conclui-se pela ampla possibilidade da aplicabilidade dos direitos da personalidade às pessoas jurídicas, devendo-se sempre observar suas particularidades, e não se limitar a um rol de direitos exemplificativo, mas sim visualizar a efetiviação e a proteção de direitos que ainda não foram legislados, por ser uma categoria aberta e ilimitada.
Automedicação e Saúde Pública: dimensionamento dos fatores de risco e comportamentos de saúde
Authors: Batista Julia Arruda , Garbin Artênio Jose Isper , Wakayama Bruno , Garbin Artênio Jose Saliba , Saliba Junior Orlando Adas , Garbin Clea Adas Saliba
Published: December 2021

This study characterized and measured self-medication in adult population, as well as identified possible associations between lifestyle and risk factors for the use of over-the-counter medications. This is an epidemiological, cross-sectional study, carried out in the primary health care of a city in Brazil. The data collection instrument was a semi-structured survey grouped into thematic blocks. The statistical analysis included a bivariate analysis and a binomial logistic regression provided the statistics. Of the 537 participants, 42.83% reported having used medication without a prescription in the last 15 days. There were associations between the dependent variable and migraine (OR = 3.347); current pain (OR = 2.189); use of medications under the influence of family members (OR = 2.431); not reading drugs’ leaflet (OR = 1.682); and lack of leisure activities (OR = 4.335). A significant part of users of primary health care self-medicated.
El lenguaje interdisciplinar en las ciencias humanas e históricas: teoría para una guía de estilo y una distinción del sentido figurado
Authors: Pina Arrabal Álvaro
Published: December 2021

En este trabajo se plantea la posibilidad de confeccionar una guía de estilo, basada en el empleo de un lenguaje interdisciplinar, para las ciencias humanas e históricas. En primer lugar, se considera la clasificación de las ciencias elaborada de modo reciente por David Alvargonzález (2019-2020) a partir de la teoría del cierre categorial del filósofo Gustavo Bueno. Se concibe ‘lo científico’ como una parte constitutiva esencial de ‘lo académico’, que comprende actividades como la divulgación científica o la enseñanza. En segundo lugar, se revisa la noción de lenguaje figurado y, entendiendo que todos los usos del lenguaje son, en realidad, figurados, se propone una nueva distinción –más rigurosa a efectos terminológicos– para designar la tradicional diferencia entre el sentido recto y el figurado: figuración matriz o de primer grado y figuración radial o de segundo grado. A partir de esta última en relación con la idea de interdisciplinariedad, se proyecta un inventario en el que se recojan unidades léxicas de especialidad cuyos usos figurados de segundo grado resulten aprovechables en términos estéticos e incluso funcionales para el discurso de las ciencias humanas e históricas.
Acercamiento a lenguas amerindias extintas a través de documentación archivística
Authors: Radosavljevic Bojana
Published: December 2021

El escrito que se desarrolla en estas páginas se propone analizar algunos vocablos de las lenguas extintas pericú, cochimí y guaycura, como son aynu, boxo, riyero o medesá, que fueron documentados en los textos castellanos de data del siglo XVII y autoría del almirante de Las Californias don Isidro de Atondo y Antillón. Los textos tomados para realizar este escrito fueron hallados en tres recopilaciones tituladas Descubrimiento en Las Californias, Autos sobre la última entrada en Las Californias y Cartas del virrey marqués de la Laguna que se conservan en el Archivo General de Indias. El estudio de estos vocablos se complementa con el análisis de otras palabras, no menos importantes, con las cuales se designan las naciones observadas en sus textos, todas ellas bajacalifornianas y de cuyas lenguas proceden los ejemplos destacados. De ese modo se pone de manifiesto la escasa documentación que existe de dichas lenguas y palabras, tanto en los testimonios de navegantes o misioneros como en los estudios académicos; y con ello se da paso al cumplimiento de otro objetivo de este análisis, consistente en transcribir los fragmentos que incluyen estas voces para dar a conocer los periplos del almirante, la cultura de dichas naciones, la toponimia perdida en las lenguas indígenas y la conciencia de los conquistadores de estar dándole nombre a algo que ya lo tiene.
Análisis de la situación actual del asturianu n’El Mazucu (Llanes) na fala d'una informante d'edá.
Authors: Valladares Llavona Lena
Published: December 2021

En las últimas generaciones, la lengua asturiana ha sufrido una constante pérdida de las características que la definen, especialmente por un progresivo proceso de castellanización. Resulta interesante documentar y analizar este proceso de degradación. En este trabajo se recoge la forma de hablar de una mujer de 90 años de El Mazucu (Llanes), estudiando sus características desde un punto de vista morfológico, sintáctico y fonético. A través del habla de esta informante se pondrán en evidencia algunos ejemplos de este proceso activo de hibridación, y se resaltarán tanto aquellos aspectos del asturiano mejor conservados, como otros intermedios que están sufriendo un proceso de alteración por influencia del castellano, e incluso formas castellanas que han sustituido totalmente a las formas asturianas originales recogidas en la zona en estudios anteriores. El resultado del contacto entre lenguas no es solo una mezcla o hibridación de asturiano y castellano, sino un proceso complejo que incluye la aparición de formas intermedias que no son estrictamente del castellano al que se dirige ni estrictamente del asturiano original.
A Literatura Clássica ou os Clássicos na Literatura: Presenças Clássicas nas Literaturas de Língua Portuguesa
Authors: Amado Román Carlos
Published: December 2021

Reseña de:  A Literatura Clássica ou os Clássicos na Literatura: Presenças Clássicas nas Literaturas de Língua Portuguesa, Pimentel, Cristina y Morão, Paula (coords.), Vila Nova de Famalição, 2019, Edições Húmus, 608 págs.
Iberian Studies: Reflections Across Borders and Disciplines
Authors: Álvarez-Cifuentes Pedro
Published: December 2021

Reseña de: Núria Codina Solà y Teresa Pinheiro (eds.), Iberian Studies: Reflections Across Borders and Disciplines, Berlin, Peter Lang, 2019, 330 págs.
Visitors from beyond the Grave: Ghosts in World Literature
Authors: Fasano Giulia
Published: December 2021

Reseña
La Escuela de Cruz. Textos y autores del teatro popular en el Madrid ilustrado
Authors: López Martín Ismael
Published: December 2021

Reseña
Calas en el teatro español del siglo XXI
Authors: Ruiz Martínez José Manuel
Published: December 2021

Reseña libro de José Romera Castillo
Investigation of conformally killing vector fields on 5-dimensional 2-symmetric lorentzian manifolds
Authors: Andreeva Tatiana A. , Oskorbin Dmitry N. , Rodionov Evgeny D.
Published: December 2021

Conformally Killing fields play an important role in the theory of Ricci solitons and also generate an important class of locally conformally homogeneous (pseudo) Riemannian manifolds. In the Riemannian case, V. V. Slavsky and E.D. Rodionov proved that such spaces are either conformally flat or conformally equivalent to locally homogeneous Riemannian manifolds. In the pseudo-Riemannian case, the question of their structure remains open. Pseudo-Riemannian symmetric spaces of order k, where k 2, play an important role in research in pseudo-Riemannian geometry. Currently, they have been investigated in cases k=2,3 by D.V. Alekseevsky, A.S. Galaev and others. For arbitrary k, non-trivial examples of such spaces are known: generalized Kachen - Wallach manifolds. In the case of small dimensions, these spaces and Killing vector fields on them were studied by D.N. Oskorbin, E.D. Rodionov, and I.V. Ernst with the helpof systems of computer mathematics. In this paper, using the Sagemath SCM, we investigate conformally Killing vector fields on five-dimensional indecomposable 2- symmetric Lorentzian manifolds, and construct an algorithm for their computation.
Treatment outcomes of central retinopathy of prematurity with localization in the Moscow regional perinatal center
Authors: Panova A. Y. , Petrova A. S. , Trusova S. A. , Shevernaya O. A.
Published: December 2021

BACKGROUND: Ranibizumab is widely used in retinopathy of prematurity. Therefore, it is necessary to evaluate the effectiveness, the risk of complications, and recurrence of the disease by antiangiogenic therapy.
AIM: To demonstrate the experience of using anti-VEGF drugs in the Moscow Regional Perinatal Center and the effectiveness of different approaches to retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) treatment in the central retinal zone.
MATERIAL AND METHODS: The case histories of 17 deeply premature infants with threshold ROP stages and localization in the posterior pole were retrospectively analyzed. Children were treated with intravitreal VEGF inhibitor (total 9 children), 5 children underwent laser coagulation of the retina, and 3 children received combined treatment (laser and intravitreal administration of a VEGF inhibitor).
RESULTS: The average age of development of threshold stages was 35.2 weeks (range: 30.539 weeks) in our study. The frequency of promising outcomes after using anti-VEGF drugs alone or in conjunction with peripheral laser treatment was 100%. In comparison, the only laser treatment generated a promising result in 70% of the eyes. However, ROP relapses after anti-VEGF therapy developed at 37, 43, 44,5 weeks. In addition, 1 out of 9 children developed a recurrence of ROP and required laser treatment 7 weeks after using anti-VEGF.
CONCLUSION: The use of anti-VEGF therapy is an effective method for the treatment of ROP of the posterior pole. However, there is the ambiguity of the available recommendations on the further management of children. Therefore, it is necessary to monitor the children who have received antiangiogenic therapy for as long as possible.
Comparative study of objective and subjective parameters of accommodation in children with myopia
Authors: Tarutta E. P. , Tarasova N. A. , Iomdina E. N. , Milash S. V. , Markosyan G. A.
Published: December 2021

AIM: The study aims to compare the results of objective parameters such as autorefractometers of the open field Grand Seiko and closed field TONOREF III. and the subjective parameters such as the positive of relative accommodation (PRA) and the amplitude of accommodation (AA).
MATERIAL AND METHODS: 30 children (60 eyes) with low and moderate myopia (on average -2.96 0.17 D) aged from 8 to 12 years (on average 10.04 0.24 years) were examined. Subjective (PRA, AA) and objective parameters of binocular adaptation (BAO) and monocular adaptation (MAO) response on the Grand Seiko Binocular Open Field Autorefkeratometer WR - 5500K (Japan) and the AA on the automatic refractokeratotonometer pakhimetre TONOREF III (Nidek, Japan) were determined.
RESULTS: The average of BAO and MAO at 33 cm was -1.93 0.04 D and 1.86 0.05 D, respectively. The average PRA was 1.5 0.16 D. The objectively measured average AA was 5.25 0.4 D. The average minimum AA value was -2.86 0.16 D, and the average maximum value was 8.11 0.46 D. The subjective AA on the Iksar device was on average 4.17 0.43 D; Amin, on average -3.77 0.26 D; Amax, on average was -7.94 0.59 D.
CONCLUSION: The objective and subjective measurements of AA produced comparable results. BAO and MAO reflected other characteristics of accommodation, different from its amplitude, and characterized the adequacy of the accommodation response to a specific accommodation task. The advantage of objective accommodation is that it is independent of the patients responses and intellectual level.
Bacterial corneal ulcers in pediatric patients. Algorithms of pharmacotherapy. Part II
Authors: Kovaleva L. A.
Published: December 2021

Part I of the article presents a review of publications highlighting current exogenous and endogenous risk factors contributing to the occurrence of bacterial corneal ulcers, laboratory diagnostic methods, clinical differential diagnostic features of bacterial corneal ulcers.
A wide variety of objective symptoms characterizes the clinical picture of bacterial corneal ulcers. Still, objective differential diagnostic signs make it possible with a high degree of probability to assume the etiology of the disease during the first biomicroscopy and immediately begin etiotropic therapy, on the timing of which the outcome of the disease depends.
Standard laboratory examination of patients with bacterial corneal ulcers includes the bacterioscopic and cultural examination of the contents of the conjunctival sac. However, the absence of etiotropic therapy while waiting for the results of microbiological research methods, which takes from 3 to 7 days, contributes to the rapid progression of the disease, the development of endophthalmitis, and corneal perforation, up to the loss of an eye in children. In this regard, treatment must be started immediately. Therefore, the choice of a drug is determined not only by the causative agent, proven laboratory but, first of all, based on clinical differential diagnostic signs of the disease.
The traditional, undeniable approach to the conservative treatment of bacterial corneal ulcers is conventional etiotropic therapy using local and systemic antibacterial drugs. In addition, timely intensive specific drug therapy prevents the destruction of all layers of the cornea, and the use of metabolic drugs that improve regeneration and trophism promotes epithelialization of corneal ulcers.
Attention should be given to the necessity and validity of the choice of antibacterial drugs for various etiological forms of bacterial corneal ulcers in children. An individual approach is a basis for effective antibiotic therapy in pediatric ophthalmology.
The article presents an up-to-date review of publications and modern algorithms for treating bacterial corneal ulcers in children, the main causative agents of which are: Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Neisseria gonorrhoeae.
A case of congenital glaucoma in type I neurofibromatosis
Authors: Pleskova A. V. , Lugovkina K. V. , Panova Anna Yu. , Sorokin A. A.
Published: December 2021

BACKGROUND: Recklinghausens generalized neurofibromatosis (NF) is a hereditary disease characterized by the formation of benign tumors from the nervous tissue that provokes skin and bone changes of various types. Often, involvement in the pathological process and the organ of vision. The variability of eye lesions in NF-I type is known according to the clinical course, severity, and clinical forms. Gliomas and atrophy of the optic nerves, neurofibromas in the iris, sclera, conjunctiva, eyelids, less often glaucoma, buphthalmos, orbital osteodystrophy are described.
RESULTS: The article describes a rare case of type I neurofibromatosis, the first clinical manifestation of congenital glaucoma. Modern complex ophthalmological examination made it possible to identify the cause and clarify the nature of the development of glaucoma.
CONCLUSION: The need for an interdisciplinary approach to the diagnosis, dispensary observation, and treatment of NF-I is emphasized.
MEME POLITIK DALAM RUANG WACANA KOMUNIKASI POLITIK DI INDONESIA
Authors: Fatanti Megasari Noer , Prabawangi Rani Prita
Published: December 2021

Fenomena komunikasi politik di Indonesia sejak tahun 2014 mulai bergeser dengan memanfaatkan ruang-ruang virtual sebagai medan pertarungan gagasan. Kemunculan meme di internet/media sosial turut berkontribusi dalam mengubah citra politik yang terkenal dengan dominasi elit menjadi ulasan keseharian masyarakat awam. Sejak pemilihan presiden tahun 2014, linimasa media sosial kerap dipenuhi oleh meme politik maupun politisi. Namun, munculnya meme dalam konstelasi politik elektoral yang awalnya sebagai bentuk ekspresi politik dengan semangat kebebasan berpendapat berujung pada konsekuensi hukum bagi kreator dan juga yang menyebarluaskannya. Tulisan ini hendak menggali secara mendalam tentang makna di balik meme politik dan politisi dalam rentang waktu 2014-2019 dan persepsi anak muda dengan fenomena meme politik dalam ruang komunikasi politik digital di Indonesia. Riset ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode analisis wacana. Penelitian ini menggunakan kerangka analisis teks hermeneutika-fenomenologis Paul Ricoeur. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa meme politik dan politisi adalah bentuk komunikasi politik keseharian yang berpotensi untuk menumbuhkan literasi politik, partisipasi politik, serta mereduksi amarah publik. Meme politik merupakan bentuk kritik sosial yang lebih mudah diterima karena kandungan unsur humor di dalamnya. Meski tidak seluruh meme politik bersifat satir namun konsekuensi pidana terhadap produktor maupun penyebar meme politik dapat membatasi ruang deliberatif anak muda dalam menyampaikan gagasan politik mereka
Choice Experiment Performed on the Fresh Black Slavonian Pig’s Meat: A Preliminary Study
Authors: Jelić Milković Sanja , Lončarić Ružica , Zmaić Krunoslav , Kranjac David , Canavari Maurizio
Published: December 2021

Until now, no research has been carried out in Croatia into consumer preferences for a particular agricultural and food product by a choice experiment. Therefore, little data are available about Croatian consumers' preferences for social concerns (sustainability, biodiversity, rural development and animal welfare) with regard to the consumer choice and behavior favoring local pig breeds, in this case the Black Slavonian Pig breed. A survey was the method used to collect the data, and a survey questionnaire was used as an instrument. The survey was performed on a sample of n = 100 Croatian consumers surveyed online using a hypothetical choice experiment. The data were analyzed using the three logit models: a multinomial logit model (MNL), random parameter logit (RPL), and an error component random parameter logit model (RPL-EC) in order to examine the consumers’ heterogeneous preferences for fresh ham meat of the Black Slavonian Pig. The results suggest that the Croatian consumers appreciated a darker red fresh pork meat than the one obtained from the Black Slavonian Pig reared outdoors and semi-outdoor. They also prefer a fresh meat bearing a geographical information label, such as the continental Croatia and continental Croatia + PDO, to a fresh meat without a label.
Morphological evolution of Cuban super heavyweight boxers, 1976-2014
Authors: Carvajal Veitía Wiliam , León Pérez Sofía Alberta , González Revuelta María Elena , Deturnel Campo Yanel
Published: December 2021

Objective: To evaluate the morphological changes of Cuban super heavyweight boxers, more and less successful, through the period 1976-2014. Material and method: Thirty super heavy boxers, who were members of the Cuban national teams in the period 1976-2014, were compared; The strategy consisted of separating the group in the periods 1976-1989, 1990-1999, 2000-2009 and 2010-2014. Sixteen anthropometric dimensions were recorded (weight, height, sitting height, six skinfold thickness, five girths and two breadths), from which the body composition and the somatotype were obtained. The data were analyzed applying the Analysis of variance (ANOVA). The conglomerate analysis based on the Euclidean distance was used in order to evaluate the correspondence between physical development and sports performance. A discriminant analysis was carried out in order to analyze the contribution of the anthropometrical variables to the variance of different clusters. Results: Most of the anthropometric dimensions and indicators showed significant differences, having an impact on the increase in adiposity, body fat and endomorphy (p <0.05), as well as the decrease in the indicators dependent on height (p <0.05). The analysis by conglomerates, as well as the study of the Migratory Distances of the somatotype, showed that the Olympic medalist boxers differed in terms of the characteristics of body composition and in terms of the intensity of the somatotype changes in the period 1976-2014. Conclusions: The Cuban boxer of the super heavyweight category showed a wide range of morphological demands, but these were framed within the international trends of professional boxers. The morphological attributes of the Olympic medalists differed from each other, and from the rest of the boxers investigated over time. These results provide anthropometric data of high scientific value, both for selection and for medical control of training.
Analysis and relationship between the anthropometric and somatotype characteristics and cardiovascular capacity in amateur mountain runners: a pilot study
Authors: Zubieta Mikel , Garcia-Tabar Ibai , Castillo Daniel , Raya-González Javier , Iturricastillo Aitor , Aritzeta Irati , Alvarez Kristian , Yanci Javier
Published: December 2021

Purpose: The aim of this study was to describe the anthropometrical and cardiovascular characteristics of short course trail runners and analyze the associations, if any, between both anthropometric and cardiovascular features of amateur trail runners. Material and method: Anthropometrical evaluation and an incremental maximum test with 10% of grade on a treadmill were performed on a group of 10 short distance amateur trail runners. Results: Significant negative correlations were found between the body max index (BMI) and the speed at VT1 (Vel VT1) (r = -0,95, p < 0,001), or the time to reach VT1 (r = -0,91, p = 0,002) and between the body fat percentage and the respiratory exchange ratio at VT2 (r = -0,80, p = 0,016) or the time to reach VT2 (r = -0,83, p = 0,01). Calf circumference was also found to be positively associated with oxygen consumption at VT1 (r = 0,74, p = 0,037), at VT2 (r = 0,90, p = 0,002) and with the maximal oxygen uptake (r = 0,85, p = 0,007). Conclusions: Results indicate that both body fat percentage and calf circumference could be related to the performance on an incremental test protocol with inclination in amateur trail runners.
Effects of Lycium barbarum polysaccharide on the photoinduced autophagy of retinal pigment epithelium cells
Authors:   Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China; Yulin Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yulin 719000, Shaanxi Province, China, Gao Yuan-Yuan , Huang Jie ,   Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China, Li Wu-Jun ,   Yulin Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yulin 719000, Shaanxi Province, China, Yu Yang ,   Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China
Published: December 2021

AIM: To investigate the relationship between autophagy and apoptosis in photoinduced injuries in retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cells and how Lycium barbarum polysaccharide (LBP) contributes to the increased of RPE cells to photoinduced autophagy.
METHODS: In vitro cultures of human RPE strains (ARPE-19) were prepared and randomly divided into the blank control, model, low-dose LBP, middle-dose LBP, high-dose LBP, and 3-methyladenine (3MA) groups. The viability of the RPE cells and apoptosis levels in each group were tested through cell counting kit-8 (CCK8) method with a flow cytometer (Annexin V/PI double staining technique). The expression levels of LC3II, LC3I, and P62 proteins were detected with the immunofluorescence method. The expression levels of beclin1, LC3, P62, PI3K, P-mTOR, mTOR, P-Akt, and Akt proteins were tested through Western blot.
RESULTS: LBP considerably strengthens cell viability and inhibits the apoptosis of RPE cells after photoinduction. The PI3K/Akt/mTOR signal pathway is activated because of the upregulation of the phosphorylation levels of Akt and mTOR proteins, and thus autophagy is inhibited.
CONCLUSION: LBP can inhibit the excessive autophagy in RPE cells by activating the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathways and thereby protect RPE cells from photoinduced injuries.
Joint Russian-Belarusian Strategic Exercise "West-2021": Scale, Goals, Design, Course, Reactions Abroad
Authors: Zverev Yury
Published: December 2021

The article is devoted to the joint Russian-Belarusian strategic exercise "Zapad-2021" - the second largest exercise in the entire post-Soviet history of the Russian army. It tells about the history of the «Zapad» exercise, the locations and the scale of the «Zapad-2021» exercise, the objectives, the concept of the exercise and its course, as well as the reaction to it in NATO and in the countries bordering on Belarus.
International Development Assistance Policy of the PRC: Goals, Methods, Tools, Assessments
Authors: Nezhdanov Vladimir
Published: December 2021

International development assistance policy of the People's Republic of China was launched almost immediately after the formation of the nation-state in 1949, which has made it possible by now to create a solid foundation and an extensive system of international interaction. Nevertheless, today we are witnessing the beginning of a new stage in China's international development assistance policy, which is expressed both in a sharp increase in funding for this field and associated with its use as a mechanism to achieve the goals of the «Chinese Dream», the development of the «Belt and Road Initiative» and promoting the construction of the «Community of common destiny for mankind». As a result, the allocation by Beijing of international assistance, grants and soft loans is becoming one of the most effective ways to strengthen international positions and form a more active foreign policy course.
Commonwealth Proposals for the Depoliticization of Human Rights in the UN System
Authors: Boyashov Anatoly
Published: December 2021

"Violation of human rights" appears over and over again in the statements of Western countries accompanying the latest sanctions against the "regime" in Minsk. On 13 July, the UN HRC adopted another resolution on the human rights situation in Belarus, but the Belarusian Foreign Ministry stressed that if decisions were made objectively, "almost all Western countries should have received separate resolutions. Minsk suggests taking measures against the politicization of this topic at the UN. The purpose of this article is to show some proposals for depoliticizing human rights in the UN system.
Prospects for Cooperation between Ukraine and Kazakhstan in History Research
Authors: Diukov Alexander
Published: December 2021

Kiev and Nur-Sultan are looking for rapprochement in the historical sphere. According to Kazakhstan's ambassador to Ukraine, Darkhan Kaletaev, the sides plan to launch a joint research project. As examples of topics of such cooperation the diplomat named the deportations of 1920-1930-ies and the fate of the 106th Akmola division, whose soldiers were defeated and later became a part of the Turkestan legion of the Wehrmacht. What will Kiev's historical initiatives bring to Kazakhstan was assessed by Alexander Dyukov, director of the Foundation for Assistance to Current Historical Studies "Historical Memory", researcher of the Institute of Russian History of the Russian Academy of Sciences.
Uma Revisão sobre a Avaliação pelos Pares na Educação à Distância
Authors: Hypolito Vera Adriana Huang Azevedo , Rosa Selma Santos , Luccas Simone
Published: December 2021

Tendo em vista a influência que a avaliação formativa exerce na aprendizagem e motivação do aluno a fim de auxiliar o desenvolvimento de sua autonomia, esse artigo apresenta uma Revisão Sistemática de Literatura sobreos instrumentos avaliativos utilizados na Educação a Distância no EnsinoSuperior e a utilização da avaliação pelos pares, bem como os ambientesvirtuais utilizados. A metodologia utilizada foi a Revisão Sistemática de Literatura, em um intervalo de 5 anos, entre 2013 a 2018, nas revistas listadasno índice restrito (A1, A2 e B1) na área de Ensino, Educação e Computaçãoda plataforma WebQualis – Classificações de Periódicos Quadriênio 2013-2016. Os resultados apontam que a avaliação pelos pares é pouco utilizada,porém há bom uso de avaliações alternativas como fóruns, chats e autoavaliação. Há necessidade de estudos mais efetivos sobre esse assunto.
Palavras-chave: Avaliação pelos pares. Avaliação alternativa. Educação a Distância.
Relação Professor-Aluno: Interações Pedagógicas em Ambientes Digitais no Ensino Fundamental em Tempo de Pandemia
Authors: Coelho Patricia Margarida , Moura Suzana Cristina Andrade
Published: December 2021

Neste artigo, faremos uma apresentação sobre o caminho escolhido pela Secretaria de Educação do município de São Paulo para a realização das atividades escolares na educação básica entre os meses de abril e dezembro de 2020, com o uso de aplicativo e livro impresso enviado ao estudante, tendo em vista o contexto de quarentena e isolamento social da cidade de São Paulo adotada no período. Temos três objetivos, a saber: (i) descrever as ferramentas de interação adotadas pelo munícipio como meiode formação dos estudantes e interação professor-aluno; (ii) verificar se, além da questão de interação educacional, outras medidas foram instituídas com a finalidade de atendimento às famílias; e (iii) discutir sobre as estratégias adotadas pelo município a fim de atender aos estudantes e suas famílias. A metodologia utilizada é a pesquisa documental (GIL, 2002). Os resultados alcançados confirmam que foram adotadas estratégias utilizando plataforma digital e envio de livros aos estudantes pela Secretaria Municipal de Educação. No entanto, faz-se necessário pensar em caminhos alternativos para estudantes e docentes que não possuem acesso à tecnologia digital ou residem em áreas onde o livro não foi entregue, para que seja possível a interação entre professor-aluno, de modo a mitigar desigualdades no acesso à educação. Dessa forma, evidenciamos que estratégias digitais de ensino-aprendizagem adotadas na Educação Básica, quer seja em momento de isolamento social ou de atendimento presencial, devem levar em consideração as diferentes realidades sociais para que tenham efetividade.
Palavras-chave: Educação básica. Interação digital. Isolamento social.
Análise de Interações do Ambiente Virtual de Aprendizagem para Predição de Evasão em Cursos no Ensino a Distância
Authors: Sonnenstrahl Thiago Siqueira , Bernardi Giliane , Pertile Solange
Published: December 2021

Este artigo tem como objetivo, através da Mineração de Dados Educacionais (MDE), analisar, por meio da interação dos alunos no Ambiente Virtual de Aprendizagem (AVA), possíveis evasões em cursos na modalidade a distância, disponibilizando dados estratégicos para a tomada de decisão pelos gestores educacionais da instituição. Para a realização dos experimentos foram utilizados dois conjuntos de dados contendo as interações dos alunos no AVA Moodle de duas turmas subsequentes na modalidade EaD. Como resultado, a taxa de acerto (número de alunos que os algoritmos classificaram corretamente como evadido ou concluintes) do primeiro conjunto de dados foi de 93%, obtida com o algoritmo Randon Forest, já para o segundo conjunto, a taxa de acerto foi de 85% com o modelo gerado pelo algoritmo J48. Os resultados da mineração apresentaram a tarefa_visualizada e o material_visualizado como indicadores de evasão. Desta forma, pode-se constatar que os alunos que pouco interagem com os recursos dentro do ambiente e não visualizam os materiais e tarefas disponibilizadas são mais propensos a evadirem do curso.
Palavras-chave: Educação a distância. Evasão. Mineração de dados educacionais.
Предпосылки внедрения и анализ применения налога на профессиональный доход на территории Российской Федерации
Authors: Киктева П.А.
Published: December 2021

В данной статье описаны предпосылки утверждения Федерального закона «О проведении эксперимента по установлению специального налогового режима «Налог на профессиональный доход»», дана краткая информационная справка о налоге на профессиональный доход, приведены статистические данные Федеральной Налоговой службы о представленных физическими лицами в налоговые органы уведомлениях об осуществлении деятельности, которую можно классифицировать как самозанятость, также проведен анализ применения налога на профессиональный доход и определены перспективы развития налогообложения по данному вопросу.
Основные факторы инновационного развития региона
Authors: Микляева Ю.В. , Зверева С.А. , Хорина И.В.
Published: December 2021

В обеспечении устойчивого, динамичного, сбалансированного социальноэкономического развития страны первостепенное значение имеют процессы инновационного развития экономики регионов. В современных условиях проблемы определения состава факторов, оказывающих влияние на инновационное развитие региона, методологии измерения этого влияния и создания инструментария его оценки являются актуальными в условиях поиска возможных механизмов стимулирования региональной инновационной активности.
Анализ рисков цифровизации с помощью технологии блокчейн
Authors: Орлова Т.С. , Тимошин А.А. , Афанасьев Г.В.
Published: December 2021

Предметом нашего изучения в рамках данной статьи является такой вопрос, как обеспечение экономической безопасности с учетом такого нового фактора, как цифровизация. Цель исследования – проанализировать существующие риски цифровизации и выявить недостатки влияния цифровизации с помощью технологии блокчейн. В рамках данной статьи авторы посчитали целесообразным использовать методы сравнительного анализа, схематичные рисунки, исследованы специфичные риски цифровизации в промышленности и методы их оценки; исследованы методы регулирования рисков с помощью технологии блокчейн.
Роль налогов в формировании государственных и региональных финансов в современных условиях
Authors: Хамурадов М.А. , Висенгереева Р.А. , Джамаева Х.А.
Published: December 2021

Актуальность данной темы обусловлена высоким значением бюджетно-налоговой политики в формировании финансовой системы как в масштабах страны, так и на региональном уровне. В статье проводится анализ налоговых и неналоговых поступлений в федеральный бюджет и консолидированный бюджет Чеченской Республики за последние годы и на этой основе дается оценка эффективности бюджетно-налоговой политики в регионе. Отмечена роль межбюджетных трансфертов в формировании бюджетов дотационных регионов.
Мотивация труда в системе государственной службы
Authors: Юсупова Т.А.
Published: December 2021

В настоящее время в странах уделяется особое внимание вопросу повышения энтузиазма государственных служащих. Система стимулирования способствует эффективной работе государственных служащих. Качество работы во многом зависит от энтузиазма сотрудников и оказывает большое влияние на эффективность государственных служащих. В статье исследуется природа мотивации труда и определяются основные характеристики мотивации труда с акцентом на качественное выполнение трудовых функций. Мы полагаем, что были предложены конкретные формы, методы и принципы, призванные повысить энтузиазм государственных служащих в их работе.
Проблемы взаимодействия государственного и муниципального управления
Authors: Юсупова Т.А.
Published: December 2021

В данной статье освещаются основные проблемы в области взаимодействия между государством и муниципальным управлением, определяются направления его совершенствования, устанавливается открытый интерактивный режим, обеспечивается поток информации и обеспечивается продуктивная коммуникация между государством и автономными агентствами.
Использование тканей домашнего производства в традиционной одежде башкир (по полевым записям Р.Г. Кузеева)
Authors: Нечвалода Е.Е.
Published: December 2021

Объектом исследования в настоящей статье являются записи в полевых дневниках основоположника этнографической школы в Башкирии Р.Г. Кузеева, сделанные в середине ХХ в. во время экспедиций по территориям компактного расселения башкир. Предметом исследования являются зафиксированные ученым сведения о ткачестве у башкир и об использовании домашних тканей в производстве одежды. Цель исследования – мобилизация источников по традиционному ткачеству и одежде башкир. Задачи исследования – выявление 1) различий в ткачестве северных и южных башкир, 2) степени сохранности традиций в ткачестве и одежде башкир в середине ХХ в., 3) новаций в технологии ткачества и в используемых материалах. Дневники Р.Г. Кузеева содержат много ценных сведений о ткачестве и одежде башкир, которые дополняют и обогащают наши знания об этой сфере традиционной башкирской культуры.
Костюм как синтез искусств
Authors: Музалевская Ю.Е.
Published: December 2021

Статья посвящена костюму как одному из объектов предметной среды, тесно связанному с различными видами искусства и дизайна. С этой точки зрения, костюм недостаточно изучен и является уникальным по своим качествам объектом, поскольку может демонстрировать синтез различных видов искусств. В статье рассматриваются связи с архитектурой, скульптурой, живописью, с современным видом искусства постановки модных дефиле. Костюм обладает особыми свойствами, поскольку может выступать в разных ипостасях, не только как предмет ношения, выполняющий свои прямые функции, но и как арт-объект.
Опыт организации волонтерской деятельности детей и молодежи в учреждениях дополнительного образования
Authors: Вакуленко О.В. , Пельменщикова Е.В.
Published: December 2021

В статье рассматриваются вопросы деятельности волонтерских объединений в системе дополнительного образования детей. Проанализирован опыт организации волонтерских объединений в учреждениях дополнительного образования. Определены проблемы в организации волонтерской деятельности в учреждениях дополнительного образования детей и молодежи.
Современные технологии экологического воспитания старших школьников с элементами медиаобразования
Authors: Воронежская А.М.
Published: December 2021

В статье рассматриваются теоретические проблемы экологического воспитания современной молодежи с использованием медиаобразовательных компонентов. Автором представлен анализ современных технологий экологического воспитания на материале произведений медиакультуры, представлен процесс интеграции экологического воспитания на материале медиакультуры в учебно воспитательный процесс.
Инженерная педагогика как система подготовки преподавателей технического направления
Authors: Гаглоева Э.Н. , Намшуридзе Г.Г.
Published: December 2021

В статье говорится об инновационных подходах к подготовке преподавателей технического направления. Также говорится о важности гуманистической направленности в техническом образовании в целом. Приводятся обоснования особой роли метапредметности, трансдисциплинарности в ходе подготовки специалистов для обучения техническим наукам. Рассматриваются условия и возможности подготовки профессионально ориентированных специалистов в сфере образования, готовых модернизировать современный образовательный процесс.
О модификации методических подходов в преподавании профессиональных дисциплин лингвистам: концепция и практика
Authors: Гусева А.Х.
Published: December 2021

Публикация посвящена содержательному обновлению дисциплин профессионального цикла в системе ВО. В работе представлена комбинаторная методика преподавания образовательного модуля «Технологии перевода» студентам-лингвистам, описана методическая концепция, приведены примеры из практики ведения занятий, а также проанализированы основные инструменты программных продуктов, изучаемых студентами в процессе освоения рассматриваемой дисциплины.
Некоторые проблемы обеспечения информационной безопасности младших школьников
Authors: Ельцова О.В.
Published: December 2021

В статье рассмотрены проблемы обеспечения информационной безопасности детей, такие как раннее приобщение учащихся к гаджетам, недостаточной вовлеченности родителей в обеспечение информационной безопасности детей, отсутствие технических средств, способных полностью оградить ребенка от всех угроз в сети, недостаток специалистов в области информационной безопасности. Автор приходит в выводу, что работа по обеспечению информационной безопасности детей должна проводиться комплексно и системно.
Формирование профессиональных компетенций у обучающихся системы МВД России средствами цифровых технологий
Authors: Кирюшин И.И.
Published: December 2021

В статье раскрыты этапы формирования профессиональных компетенций у обучающихся в образовательных организациях системы МВД России средствами цифровых образовательных технологий, с использованием электронной информационнообразовательной среды (ЭИОС) МВД России и проблемы их решения.
Формирование ценности здоровья у курсантов в процессе физического воспитания
Authors: Кожевников М.Е. , Михалевич А.И.
Published: December 2021

В статье раскрывается механизм формирования ценности здоровья у курсантов военных институтов войск национальной гвардии России в процессе физического воспитания.
Формирование положительного отношения курсантов образовательных организаций МВД России к здоровому образу жизни
Authors: Кустов П.В. , Ткаченко А.Ю.
Published: December 2021

В статье рассматриваются проблемы отношения курсантов Санкт-Петербургского университета МВД России к здоровому образу жизни, приведены данные анкетирования курсантов 1-2 курсов очной формы обучения. Авторы акцентируют внимание на проблемных вопросах внедрения принципов здорового образа жизни в образовательных организациях МВД России, также предложены основные направления оптимизации состояния здоровья курсантов через внедрение правильных привычек питанияи систематической физической активности.
Роль учебной дисциплины «Деловой иностранный язык» в формировании межкультурной компетенции магистрантов
Authors: Николаева Н.Т.
Published: December 2021

В статье рассматриваются особенности формирования межкультурной компетенции магистрантов в рамках учебного предмета «Деловой иностранный язык». Подробно описываются и анализируются условия обучения магистрантов дисциплине «Деловой иностранный язык», направленные не только на изучение основных правил написания делового письма и организацию делового общения на иностранном языке, но и на развитие межкультурной компетенции магистранта.
Повышение точности передачи мяча юными футболистами 10-11 лет
Authors: Пахомова Л.Э. , Наумов И.А. , Малахов В.А.
Published: December 2021

В статье представлена экспериментальная методика повышение точности передач мяча игроками 10-11 лет, основанное на последовательном применении методических приемов «простого повторения» и «сближаемых заданий» с постепенным усложнением условий выполнения.