bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Opinion: How will advances in aerosol science inform our understanding of the health impacts of outdoor particulate pollution?
Authors: El Haddad Imad , Vienneau Danielle , Daellenbach Kaspar R. , Modini Robin , Slowik Jay G. , Upadhyay Abhishek , Vasilakos Petros N. , Bell David , de Hoogh Kees , Prevot Andre S. H.
Published: October 2024

Abstract. Air pollution, characterized by high levels of particulate matter (PM), poses the greatest environmental threat to human health, causing an estimated 7 million deaths annually and accounting for 5 % of the global gross domestic product (GDP). While the health impacts of PM are influenced by the toxicity of its individual chemical constituents, the mortality burden of PM is solely based on its total mass concentration. This is because of a lack of large-scale, high-resolution data on PM chemical composition, needed for epidemiological assessments. Identifying which PM constituents are harmful to health has been the “holy grail” of atmospheric science since the landmark 1993 study on six US cities established a definitive link between PM and mortality. Ever since, atmospheric scientists have focused on understanding aerosol composition, emission sources, and formation pathways, while longitudinal epidemiological studies have required individual-level exposure data, employing land use regression models for the prediction of exposures at fine resolutions. In this opinion article, we argue that the time has come to shift the focus towards incorporating PM chemical composition into epidemiological health assessments, laying the foundation for the development of new regulatory metrics. This shift will enable the creation of targeted guidelines and subsequent regulations, prioritizing mitigation efforts against the most harmful anthropogenic emissions. Central to this shift is the availability of global, long-term, high-resolution data on PM chemical composition that are obtained through field observations and modelling outputs. In the article, we underscore key milestones within aerosol science that have been integral for advancing this foundational shift. Specifically, we examine emerging modelling tools for estimating exposure to individual PM components, present the type of ambient observations needed for model developments, identify key gaps in our fundamental understanding of emissions and their atmospheric transformation, and propose advancing cross-disciplinary collaboration between aerosol scientists and epidemiologists to understand the health impacts of individual PM components. We contend that aerosol science has now reached a pivotal moment in elucidating the differential health impacts of PM components, representing a first step towards their incorporation into air quality guidelines.
Extreme Saharan dust events expand northward over the Atlantic and Europe, prompting record-breaking PM10 and PM2.5 episodes
Authors: Rodríguez Sergio , López-Darias Jessica
Published: October 2024

Abstract. Unprecedented extreme Saharan dust (duxt) events have recently expanded northward from subtropical NW Africa to the Atlantic and Europe, with severe impacts on the Canary Islands, mainland Spain and continental Portugal. These six historic duxt episodes occurred on 3–5 and 22–29 February 2020, 15–21 February 2021, 14–17 January 2022, 29 January–1 February 2022, and 14–20 March 2022. We analyzed data of 341 governmental air quality monitoring stations (AQMSs) in Spain (330) and Portugal (11), where PM10 and PM2.5 are measured with European norm (EN) standards, and found that during duxt events PM10 concentrations are underestimated due to technical limitations of some PM10 monitors meaning that they can not properly measure extremely high concentrations. We assessed the consistency of PM10 and PM2.5 data and reconstructed 1690 PM10 (1 h average) data points of 48 and 7 AQMSs in Spain and Portugal, respectively, by using our novel “duxt-r” method. During duxt events, 1 h average PM10 and PM2.5 concentrations were within the range 1000–6000 µg m−3 and 400–1200 µg m−3, respectively. The intense winds leading to massive dust plumes occurred within meteorological dipoles formed by a blocking anticyclone over western Europe and a cutoff low located to the southwest, near the Canary Islands and Cape Verde, or into the Sahara. These cyclones reached this region via two main paths: by deviating southward from the Atlantic mid-latitude westerly circulation or northward from the tropical belt. The analysis of the 2000–2022 PM10 and PM2.5 time series shows that these events have no precedent in this region. The 22–29 February 2020 event led to (24 h average) PM10 and PM2.5 concentrations within the range 600–1840 and 200–404 µg m−3, respectively, being the most intense dust episode ever recorded on the Canary Islands. The 14–20 March 2022 event led to (24 h average) PM10 and PM2.5 values within the range 500–3070 and 100–690 µg m−3 in southeastern Spain, 200–1000 and 60–260 µg m−3 in central Spain, 150–500 and 75–130 µg m−3 in the northern regions of mainland Spain, and within the ranges 200–650 and 30–70 µg m−3 in continental Portugal, respectively, being the most intense dust episode ever recorded in these regions. All duxt events occurred during meteorological anomalies in the Northern Hemisphere characterized by subtropical anticyclones shifting to higher latitudes, anomalous low pressure expanding beyond the tropical belt and amplified mid-latitude Rossby waves. New studies have reported on recent record-breaking PM10 and PM2.5 episodes linked to dipole-induced extreme dust events from North Africa and Asia in a paradoxical context of a multidecadal decrease in dust emissions, a topic that requires further investigation.
Simulation-based inference for parameter estimation of complex watershed simulators
Authors: Hull Robert , Leonarduzzi Elena , De La Fuente Luis , Viet Tran Hoang , Bennett Andrew , Melchior Peter , Maxwell Reed M. , Condon Laura E.
Published: October 2024

Abstract. High-resolution, spatially distributed process-based (PB) simulators are widely employed in the study of complex catchment processes and their responses to a changing climate. However, calibrating these PB simulators using observed data remains a significant challenge due to several persistent issues, including the following: (1) intractability stemming from the computational demands and complex responses of simulators, which renders infeasible calculation of the conditional probability of parameters and data, and (2) uncertainty stemming from the choice of simplified representations of complex natural hydrologic processes. Here, we demonstrate how simulation-based inference (SBI) can help address both of these challenges with respect to parameter estimation. SBI uses a learned mapping between the parameter space and observed data to estimate parameters for the generation of calibrated simulations. To demonstrate the potential of SBI in hydrologic modeling, we conduct a set of synthetic experiments to infer two common physical parameters – Manning's coefficient and hydraulic conductivity – using a representation of a snowmelt-dominated catchment in Colorado, USA. We introduce novel deep-learning (DL) components to the SBI approach, including an “emulator” as a surrogate for the PB simulator to rapidly explore parameter responses. We also employ a density-based neural network to represent the joint probability of parameters and data without strong assumptions about its functional form. While addressing intractability, we also show that, if the simulator does not represent the system under study well enough, SBI can yield unreliable parameter estimates. Approaches to adopting the SBI framework for cases in which multiple simulator(s) may be adequate are introduced using a performance-weighting approach. The synthetic experiments presented here test the performance of SBI, using the relationship between the surrogate and PB simulators as a proxy for the real case.
“I was not a nobody, but no one knew what I was”: A Mother’s Reclamation of her Story in Madhavi S. Mahadevan’s Bride of the Forest
Authors: J Mruthula
Published: October 2024

The ideological stronghold of mythology in the cultural consciousness necessitates the production of counter-ideologies that decenter the normative narrative with more subversive and progressive tales. The story of Madhavi from the Indian epic Mahabharata is upheld as a tale of a devoted daughter who is blessed with a privileged womb, which is prophesied to give birth to great kings, and a boon of chirkaumya, the ability to regain virginity. Devoid of any rights over her own body, Madhavi becomes instrumental for Gaalav, the disciple of Vishwamitra, in fulfilling his promise of eight hundred white horses with black-colored left ears as gurudakshina (tradition of repaying one’s teacher) to his teacher. Her womb is bartered, allowing men to exchange her indefinitely as a commodity with utilitarian value. Her voice, desires and feelings are undermined by the structural needs of the masculine tale. This paper seeks to read the novel Bride of the Forest by Madhavi. S. Mahadevan in the context of motherhood studies and postfeminism through the examination of the character Madhavi. It inquires into the representation of the maternal figures who are mapped on a power spectrum to posit that both agency and victimhood co-exist in uncomfortable ways.
Use of ChatGPT and Generative AI in Higher Education: Opportunities, Obstacles and Impact on Student Performance
Authors: Zafar Sualeha , Shaheen Farzana , Rehan Jawaria
Published: October 2024

A generative form of Artificial Intelligence now pervades all domains. Artificial intelligence technologies, especially ChatGPT, are increasingly prevalent in a multiplicity of fields, especially in education. This study investigated the impact of generative AI usage on student outcomes, analyzed usage patterns of ChatGPT and highlighted the challenges and advantages of integrating ChatGPT in higher education. Employing the descriptive survey method, the study's sample comprised graduate and post graduate students from Govt. Sadiq College Women University Bahawalpur, totaling (354) participants. Data collected through self-structured, closed-ended questionnaire was analyzed using SPSS software. Descriptive statistics along with correlation analyses and one-way ANOVA were used to analyze the data. The findings indicated ChatGPT is used by 51% students regularly and perceived as an effective way to rapidly complete academic tasks, provide personalized tutoring and provide 24/7 accessibility and alternative strategies, by most participant but they believe that over reliance on ChatGPT, limits student’s exploration capabilities, critical thinking and academic honesty.
Crowd-Sourced Assessment of Laparoscopic Surgical Skills for Ob/Gyn Residents
Authors: Clarke Bayley , Tavcar Jovana , Hazen Nicholas , Robinson James
Published: October 2024

Importance

Feedback is an essential part of graduate medical education. With increasing demands on time and fewer opportunities for formal feedback in residency, there is an increasing need for objective and actionable feedback.

Objective

To understand how the Crowd-Sourced Assessment of Technical Skills (CSATS) assessment of residents’ laparoscopic skills compares with the current faculty assessment in an obstetrics/gynecology residency program.

Design, Setting, and Participants

This was a prospective educational intervention study involving residents from a single academic obstetrics/gynecology residency program at a large tertiary teaching hospital. Individual performance videos of hysterectomies, myomectomies, and endometriosis resections were recorded and uploaded to the CSATS database where they were analyzed. Formal written feedback reports from the CSATS system were sent to the residents. Residents then completed a survey addressing satisfaction, timeliness, and utility of the CSATS feedback method overall and in comparison with the residency’s in-person feedback and with the standard written, electronic feedback evaluation.

Results

A total of 16 residents submitted 65 videos of operations. Overall comparison of CSATS vs faculty evaluation was equivalent. Residents found that CSATS response time was slower than receiving in-person feedback from faculty. When comparing CSATS with the standard feedback form, residents felt strongly that CSATS was superior for both surgical skill feedback and procedure evaluation, with both categories having a mean top score. When comparing low-volume CSATS utilization vs high-volume CSATS utilization, there were no statistical differences. Overall, residents reported high satisfaction with CSATS evaluation.

Conclusions

Residents were generally satisfied with CSATS as an overall feedback tool. CSATS could be a possible addition to help improve resident education.
A Comparative Study of the Effects of Dumpsites on Groundwater Quality in Uyo Metropolis of Akwa Ibom State
Authors: N. D. Uchacha, , G. A. Usoh, , O. M. Olatunji, , C. B. Afangideh, , E. O. Sam,
Published: October 2024

The study was conducted to compare the effects of dumpsites on groundwater quality in Uyo Metropolis of Akwa Ibom State. It aimed at examining the effect of dumpsites from physicochemical and heavy metal content of borehole water and determining the water quality rating of boreholes in the study areas. Three (3) dumpsites, namely Uyo Village Road Dumpsite (UVD), Atiku Road Dumpsite (ARD) and Ediene Uyo Dumpsite (EUD) were used for the study. The triangular sampling method was used to select three boreholes in each dumpsite area, giving a total of thirty-six (36) samples on replication for the three dumpsites and control. The water samples were collected in well-labeled pretreated 1-litre plastic bottles and were immediately transported to the laboratory for analysis. Data obtained were analyzed using descriptive statistics and means of significant parameters were separated using the Duncan multiple range test at 5% level of probability. The result showed that mean pH was 7.49 in control, significantly lower than 8.22–8.66 in the study areas. Electrical conductivity was 245.33–580.67 μs/cm with 335.00 μs/cm as control. Mean temperatures were 28.53–28.67 oC and 28.0 oC for control. Also, values obtained for turbidity were 3.47–4.21 and 3.47 in control. DO in control borehole water was 3.07 mg/l while that of dumpsites was 3.18–3.37 mg/l. The calculated water indices were 1871.92, 33492.86 and 32288.10 for UVD, ARD and EUD respectively. The findings revealed that mean values in water quality parameters like Magnesium, Dissolved Oxygen, Lead, Cadmium, Nickel and Zinc were above the permissible limit of the World Health Organization for drinking water, indicating higher evidence of groundwater pollution in the study area. The study generally showed that borehole water samples from the three dumpsites were unsuitable for drinking. Public awareness among borehole owners and users within the dumpsite environment on ground water contamination by dumpsites was recommended among others in the study area and the water should be treated before human consumption.
The use of cluster analysis in the classification of similarities in variables associated with agricultural greenhouse gases emissions in OECD countries
Authors: Kolasa-Więcek Alicja
Published: October 2024

The aim of the research was to group members of the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) into homogeneous subsets for similarities of agricultural variables affecting greenhouse gas emissions. Cluster analysis, which is a tool for exploratory data analysis, was used. This method is based on grouping of elements in a relatively homogeneous class. The most popular non-hierarchical clustering method is k-means. The method is based on an initial a priori assumption of input data set to a predetermined number of classes. In order to verify if the number of clusters was assumed properly, results were compared with another method of cluster analysis – a hierarchical method. Ward’s method of classifying on the basis of minimizing the interclass variance was used. Countries qualified for each cluster derived using k-means were identical to those obtained using Ward’s method. Analysis of the results lead to the conclusion that the geographical location of the countries was key to its inclusion in a cluster this was shown clearly in cluster 1 (Finland, Iceland, Norway, Sweden, Canada), cluster 2 (Austria, Czech Republic, Poland, Slovakia, Switzerland) and cluster 4 (Australia, New Zealand). Group 3 is a 15-element set of countries in predominantly highly industrialized regions.
Recenzja książki Marty Domagalskiej-Grędys „Rozwój gospodarstw rolnych poprzez działania grupowe producentów”
Authors: Czyżewski Andrzej
Published: October 2024

Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rolniczego w Krakowie, Kraków 2012, s. 360.
Sovrappeso e obesità in età pediatrica: un intervento pragmatico nelle cure primarie
Authors: Davoli Anna Maria , Ferrari Elena , Bonvicini Laura , Bosi Sandra , Greci Marina , Ilari Barbara , Palomba Alessandra , Panza Costantino , Pinotti Mirco , Sartori Chiara , Storani Simone , Volta Alessandro , Giorgi Rossi Paolo
Published: October 2024

Paediatric clinics are in a unique position to detect chronic diseases, identify at-risk individuals, educate families and implement early preventive interventions. This article aims to provide evidence on how and with what strategies the AUSL of Reggio Emilia has built a programme to combat overweight and obesity in childhood by involving a network of services, starting with paediatricians. A variety of approaches have been taken to address the problem of promoting healthy lifestyles. The BMIF project (Very Fit Children) focuses on early detection and treatment of overweight children using motivational interviewing to help families change their lifestyles. First, second and third level interventions provide treatment for children with obesity according to defined care pathways. Anticipatory guides on responsive feeding and the BeBa (Children's Wellbeing) app promote healthy lifestyles. Effectiveness and equity were the guiding principles for the choices made. This required time and a significant effort, but it also resulted in greater support from both operators and decision-makers.
Estado de salud oral y necesidad de prótesis dental en la población de la segunda sección de la Provincia Manco Kapac del departamento de La Paz-Bolivia
Authors: Ugarte-Cabo Juan Luis , Mendoza-Huaylla Victor Orlando , Alejo-Pocoma Jimmy
Published: October 2024

Introducción: Las enfermedades que se presentan en cavidad bucal son consideradas como un problema de salud pública, afectando la calidad de vida y la salud en general de las personas. Objetivo: Estimar el estado de salud oral y la necesidad de prótesis dental en la población de la Segunda Sección de la Provincia Manco kapac del departamento de La Paz. Material y métodos: El estudio es descriptivo de corte transversal. La población de estudio fue de 903 residentes de 18 comunidades pertenecientes a la Segunda Sección de la Provincia Manco Kapac. Los datos para el estudio se recolectaron mediante un examen dentario y llenando una ficha epidemiológica a luz natural en sillones portátiles e instrumental estéril siguiendo las recomendaciones de la OMS. El análisis de los datos es descriptivo. Resultados: En ambos sexos el índice CPOD fue de 14 con el componente caries predominante. En los grupos etarios se observa que a medida que aumenta la edad también el índice CPOD aumente de 4,1 a 25,9 respectivamente. La prevalencia de caries dental en el sexo femenino alcanzo más del 74% y en el sexo masculino fue más del 80%. Respecto al grupo de edad, el más afectado por caries dental fue el grupo etario de 19 a 30 años con una prevalencia del 98%. Respecto a la necesidad de prótesis parcial o total, un 57% de los adultos jóvenes lo requiere y en un 86% los adultos mayores Conclusiones: Los resultados muestran la importancia de establecer programas de salud bucal que consideren a grupos de riesgo, como son los niños y jóvenes que residen en el área rural.
Oportunidad y limitaciones que ofrece el inglés para profesionales del área salud en Bolivia frente a un mundo globalizado
Authors: Marce-Benito Estela Jhakelina , Marce-Benito Jorge Florey , Marce-Benito Marcelo
Published: October 2024

Introducción: en un mundo cada vez más interconectado y globalizado, el conocimiento del inglés se ha vuelto esencial para los profesionales de la salud en países como bolivia. Objetivo: analizar las oportunidades y desafíos que enfrentan los profesionales del área de la salud en un mundo globalizado en relación con el dominio del idioma inglés. Material y métodos: se realizó bajo un paradigma sociocrítico, con un enfoque mixto que combina métodos cuantitativos (descriptivo) y cualitativos (etnoeducativo). se utilizaron encuetas y entrevistas, la recolección de información se dividió en dos etapas: una inicial de investigación teórica y otra de recolección de campo con entrevistas y encuestas dirigidas a profesionales de medicina, odontología, farmacia y bioquímica. Resultados: la universidad tiene un aporte al aprendizaje del inglés, con solo el 2% o menos en cada profesión. en cuanto a la autopercepción del nivel de inglés, existe un predominio de tener un nivel básico, siendo mayoritaria esta percepción en farmacéuticos (96%), odontólogos (93%) y bioquímicos (90%), seguidos por los médicos (86%). escasa participación en conferencias o eventos internacionales en idioma inglés. los profesionales se limitan a trabajos que no requieren inglés, 89% en farmacéuticos al 96% en odontólogos; lo más significativo es que ningún profesional de los cuatro grupos ha publicado investigaciones en inglés. Conclusiones: los datos revelan un bajo dominio del idioma inglés y su escaso uso real en las actividades académicas y laborales de estas profesiones de la salud, lo que claramente limita sus oportunidades de desarrollo profesional, actualización y proyección a nivel internacional.
Comparación de la escala de Volpicelli y la escala de Houghton para valorar la capacidad de marcha en pacientes protetizados por amputación de miembros inferiores, atendidos en el Instituto Boliviano de Rehabilitación de la ciudad de La Paz
Authors: Copa-Lobaton Pamela , Rivero-Jiménez Merly
Published: October 2024

Introducción: En la actualidad, el número de pacientes amputados, debido a diversas causas mantiene un incremento anual, de los cuales, en etapa de rehabilitación y entrenamiento protésico, no se hace uso de escalas de valoración funcional, existe gran disponibilidad de escalas y pruebas funcionales para evaluar distintos aspectos en la adaptación a la prótesis, pero aún no hay consenso respecto a las más apropiada. Objetivo: Establecer la fiabilidad entre la escala de Volpicelli y Houghton para valorar la capacidad de marcha en pacientes protetizados por amputación de miembros inferiores, atendidos en el Instituto Boliviano de Rehabilitación de la Caja Nacional de Salud, de la ciudad de La Paz. Material y método: Estudio descriptivo transversal de 11 pacientes. Se analizó la edad, género, nivel de amputación, y se aplicó las escala de Volpicelli, y la de Houghton para valoración funcional. Resultados: La edad media fue de 59 años, el nivel de amputación, transfemoral (54.5%), derecho (63.6%), con predominio del género masculino (63.6%). De acuerdo al análisis estadístico del instrumento de percepción, con el Alfa de Cronbach obtenemos un resultado de (0.802), concluyendo que la escala más fiable y de mejor aplicabilidad es la escala de Volpicelli. Conclusiones: la escala más fiable, y de fácil aplicabilidad para valorar la funcionalidad y capacidad de marcha es la escala de Volpicelli, que nos clasifica la capacidad de marcha en 6 niveles.
Aproximación a los determinantes de mortalidad en la niñez de Bolivia
Authors: Aguirre-Tarquino Vicente Waldo
Published: October 2024

Introducción: La mortalidad en menores de cinco años denominado también mortalidad en la niñez, es un indicador importante para medir la salud de la población, es así que el mismo forma parte de los indicadores de Desarrollo Humano. Objetivo: Determinar los factores asociados a la mortalidad infantil. Material y métodos: Estudio ecológico de alcance explicativo de tipo retrospectivo transversal, que utiliza la base de datos del Atlas municipal de los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible en Bolivia 2020. Plantea regresiones utilizando Mínimos Cuadrados Ordinarios, considera como variable dependiente la tasa de mortalidad en la niñez, sobre la cual se plantean cinco modelos de acuerdo con las variables estructurales, intermedias o relacionadas con los servicios de salud. Resultados: Las variables que explican la mortalidad en la niñez con una relación directa son: las Necesidades Básicas Insatisfechas, la Población que no habla español, el índice de Vulnerabilidad al Cambio Climático, la Inscripción en el Registro Civil, la Tasa de Pobreza Energética Extrema, la Cobertura de energía eléctrica, la Desnutrición Crónica y la Tasa de Fecundidad. En cuanto a las variables significativas al 5% con relación inversa, se tiene al Coeficiente de Gini de años de educación, la Capacidad de ejecución del presupuesto programado, la Cobertura de Saneamiento Básico, la Tasa de Hacinamiento y la Cobertura de Parto Institucional. Conclusiones: A partir de los datos a nivel municipal se puede identificar los determinantes de la mortalidad en la niñez con las limitaciones que tienen los estudios ecológicos.
Redaction Inverted
Authors: Douglas-Jones Rachel
Published: October 2024

What would redaction look like as an act of revelation? In this contribution, I lay out an engagement with the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) through erasure poetry, framing the results as a form of public anthropology of policy and bureaucracy. The GDPR came into force in Europe in 2018, affording newly created ‘data subjects’ new relations with their data. Using events in the UK and Denmark as examples, I put forward erasure poetry of policy, regulation and legislation as anaesthetic, practical and political intervention that seeks the inverse of what redaction is – in its legal intent – created for. Erasure poems leave behind only what the new author wishes to leave, revealing only words that are already there. It can make those words betray themselves, to reveal the meaning they had all along or given them a new inflection entirely opposite to their intended weight. I suggest that such capacities offer powerful means for managing voice, anonymity and creativity in charged ethnographic situations. I also view the deceptive simplicity of the act of erasure poetry as a means by which ethnographers and those with whom they work can speak with and through official wor(l)ds.
Things Not Revealed
Authors: McGranahan Carole
Published: October 2024

There are things we don’t know. There are things we choose not to learn. And there are things we hide. Redaction, however, is not necessarily performed by an individual subject (or agent as this particular case may be). In the case of the CIA, redaction is institutional. It is in the name of the state and is in service to the state. What is redacted is not always what matters to the stories we need to tell. It might matter to other stories and to other times. It might matter elsewhere or otherwise. It might not matter at all.

In this chapter, I consider the cultural and political status of things not revealed in relation to Tibet and the CIA, specifically the CIA’s training of several hundred Tibetan soldiers at a secret camp in Colorado. Based on 25 years of ethnographic research with Tibetan resistance veterans and their families, and with retired CIA officers and their families, I consider what is deemed important or relevant and by who. While redacted documents play a role in the story I have to tell, I am also interested in other forms of redaction as a politics of knowing and world-making. Ethnographically, the story moves between the USA and Tibet, between the Rocky Mountains and the Himalaya, traversing the way people are known by others through names, through relationships, through both shared and secret pains in search of what it means to not know something.
A Sentiment Analysis of Hate Speech in Philippine Election-Related Posts Using BERT Combined with Convolutional Neural Networks and Model Variations Incorporating Hashtags and ALL-CAPS
Authors: Mendoza Micah Collette O. , Nadurata Wayne Gabriel S. , Oritz Mark Gabriel E. , Padlan Joshua Mari L. , Ponay Charmaine S.
Published: October 2024

As the number of people who use X continually increases, the same thing is true for hate speech. A pressing need exists for automatic detection of posts that promote hate speech. The datasets gathered and validated from the base study were used to categorize posts as either hate or non-hate and classify them as positive, negative, or neutral using Conventional Neural Networks. The partitioning of the labeled data into training and testing sets adhered to a ratio scheme: 70%-30%, 80%-20%, and 90%-10%. The model of this study, BERT-CNN, had an overall better performance than the base study, fastText CNN. Notably, among the three splits, the BERT-CNN model for binary classification without the features of Hashtags and ALL-CAPS with the 90:10 split achieved the best performance with an accuracy of 93.55%, precision of 93.59%, and F1-score of 93.55%. For multi-label classification, the BERT-CNN model demonstrated its optimal performance when incorporating hashtags, specifically with the 90:10 split, achieving an accuracy of 69.14%, precision of 68.44%, recall of 68.40%, and an F1-score of 67.41%. The innovative use of BERT word embeddings paired with CNN proved to excel in classifying Philippine election-related posts as hate or non-hate.
Optimalisasi Pengembangan SDM Melalui Analisis Kebutuhan Pengembangan Kompetensi (BANGKOM) Pegawai Pada BPSDM Provinsi Sumatera Barat
Authors: Tartila Lathifa , Syamsir
Published: October 2024

Analisis kebutuhan pengembangan kompetensi (Bangkom) adalah proses untuk melakukan pengidentifikasian jenis pengembangan yang tepat berdasarkan keperluan pegawai tanda komanya dengan tujuan memastikan pegawai memiliki keterampilan yang sesuai dengan fungsi dan tugasnya sehingga tujuan dari studi ini yaitu melakukan analisis terhadap pengembangan SDM melalui analisis kebutuhan pengembangan kompetensi (BANGKOM) pegawai pada BPSDM Provinsi Sumatera Barat. Studi ini memakai metode deskriptif dan pendekatan kualitatif. Data yang dikumpulkan berasal dari wawancara dan studi dokumentasi. Hasil dari penelitian menjelaskan bahwasanya analisis kebutuhan pengembangan kompetensi (bangkom) dinilai efektif dalam mengoptimalkan pengembangan SDM serta memberikan manfaat langsung bagi pegawai dan BPSDM Provinsi Sumatera Barat. Adapun kendala dalam optimalisasi SDM dan pelaksanaan program analisis kebutuhan bangkom ini yaitu terbatasnya anggaran untuk melakukan pengembangan SDM secara berkelannjutan dan keterbatasan pegawai dalam mengisi formform yang disediakan untuk analisis.
Classified Plant Al-Dhahiriya in the South of Palestine
Authors:   Department of Plant Production and Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Al-Quds Open University, Hebron Branch, Abu Ktellah Street, Hebron City (Palestine), West Asia., Ighbareyeh Jehad Mahmoud Hussien
Published: October 2024

We studied plant species of Dhahiriya in the period between January to October 2021, and January to Jun 2024, due to the importance of plants in that vital part of Palestine, which is located in southern Palestine, including that region’s climate, and unique plants that represent of the Mediterranean region plants, North Africa, Sinai desert, Negev, Dead Sea, and Red Sea. It used the Braun-Blanquet (1979) method for the identification of plants. Moreover, Plants have been studied in Dhahiriya, located in southern Palestine. A total of 770 species from 70 families were identified, of which 86 (11.16%) are endemic. The plant families with the highest representation were Asteraceae (14.54%), Fabaceae (14%), Poaceae (7.41%), and Lamiaceae (5.19%). Regarding plant life forms, Therophytes account for 47%, Hemicryptophytes for 20.35%, Shrubs or Chamaephytes for 14.05%, and Trees or Phanerophytes for 9.05%, with a notable increase in spring.
Study of Nanomaterials Under Second Order Bulk Modulus
Authors:   Department of Physics, Agra College, Agra, Dr. Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Agra (U.P.), India., Singh Vishal , Gupta Dr. Rohit ,   Department of Physics, Agra College, Agra, Dr. Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Agra (U.P.), India., Gupta Mohit ,   Department of Applied Science & Humanities, Technical College, Dayalbagh Educational Institute, Dayalbagh Agra (U.P.), India., Sharma Dr. Brijendra Kumar ,   Department of Physics, Agra College, Agra, Dr. Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Agra (U.P.), India.
Published: October 2024

In this study, we analyze the variation of pressure under different values of (𝑽𝑽𝟎) for nanomaterials using secondorder pressure derivative of bulk modulus equation of state. Second order pressure derivative of bulk modulus show fine studies of nanomaterials. The Gupta & Gupta EOS is used to calculate the resultant data of ε-Fe (Hexagonal iron), α-Fe2O3 and Ni-filled MWCNT nanomaterials and compared with other equations of state, like Tait EOS, Mie–Gruneisen EOS, Vinet EOS and experimental data available in literature. The resultant data show good agreement with experimental data and other EOSs.
Assessment of use and Awareness of Diclofenac in Syria
Authors:   Student, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Tishreen, Latakia, Syria., Al-Saroukhy Reem , Al-Kara Reem ,   Student, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Tishreen, Latakia, Syria., Habib Reem ,   Student, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Tishreen, Latakia, Syria., Abbood Prof. Ayat ,   Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Quality Control, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Tishreen, Latakia, Syria.
Published: October 2024

Diclofenac, known as diclone in Syria, is the most widely used drug in multiple medical conditions. This research was conducted to assess the use and awareness of diclofenac in Syria through a survey. 601 responses were included in this research.Most participants were female (67.7%), between the ages of 18 and 30 years (82.9%), and did not have a chronic disease (86.3%). More than half of the participants were university students (53.4%). A high proportion of the participants had a university education level (87.7%). The most commonly used dosage form for diclofenac was tablets among participants(70.9%). 43.8% chose 50mg as the dose of diclofenac. Most participants improved after using diclofenac (73.7%). Participants were satisfied after diclofenac treatment (66.56%). Most had no side effects after treatment with diclofenac (79.5%). 81.3% of the participants who experienced side effects suffered from stomach pain. Fortunately, 84.4% of the participants did not use the injection combining diclofenac with cortisone and an antibiotic. 56.38% used this combination to treat respiratory infections. A minority of the participants experienced allergic reactions after taking this medication (4%). More than two-thirds of the participants will continue to use diclofenac for pain management in the future (65.9%).77.9% of the participants used diclofenac without a prescription. Most participants used this medicine after a meal (82%). 36.6% of the participants recorded half an hour as the onset of diclofenac. The participants reported an action duration of 6 hours (24.5%) and 8 hours (31%). This study confirmed the high use of diclofenac among the Syrians. A good level of awareness was observed among the surveyed participants.
Hostile Work Environment Rules: Comparative Analysis of U.S. and Canadian Laws
Authors: Cai Ziyan
Published: October 2024

The MeToo Movement shocked the world and encouraged multiple victims of workplace harassment to disclose the severity of the problem. A few years have come since the onset of this notorious process, and it is reasonable to investigate if modern countries have adequate legislation to address the selected problem. Therefore, the legislation of the United States and Canada is the object of this research. The comparative research methodology is used to identify the applicable laws, compare them, and comment on the notable findings. This approach is practical and helpful since it highlights efficient strategies that other countries can use to succeed in the selected area. The research has identified that the two countries differ in the sources of law, enforcement, remedies, and definition conditions. Canada impresses with a more tailored approach to satisfy its local needs, but the two countries should regularly update and improve their legislation to address new harassment manifestations and challenges.
Swinging Pendulum: The Social Adaptation of Returnees from Universities
Authors: Dong Yuejuan
Published: October 2024

College teachers now have more opportunities to engage in transnational education as people enter a new era of globalization and the shift toward a knowledge-based society. However, they also face various challenges in social adaptation. It has become a critical issue to enhance the sense of belonging and career resilience of the returnees from universities. By using a qualitative research method with the data from a respective provincial university in China, this study aims to explore the process and influencing factors of the social adaptation of returnees and finds that the social adaptation of returnees has gone through the process of longing, division, adjustment, and integration, which varies with individual and cultural differences. Social adaptation is similar to the swing and vibration of a clock. The working environment is the primary source of adverse cultural impact and ones social network support is negatively associated with social adaptation. Also, self-efficacy and informal social support networks play key roles in the adaptation process. To mitigate the re-entry shock, recommendations include optimizing work environments, providing emotional counseling, and enhancing organizational structures.
Exploring the Visual Communication of Illustration Narrative in Brand Promotion Through the Symbolic Meaning of Thorn Elements
Authors: Yu Pong Yuk
Published: October 2024

Abstract: In todays market, the use of visual representations is increasingly prevalent, with illustrations becoming a key promotion tool. Due to their ability to deliver immediate and powerful impact on viewers, illustrations are now a top choice for companies in advertising. Various styles and techniques of illustration have evolved, enriching the artistic language of advertising; different combinations of elements can evoke diverse reactions and interpretations among audiences. This paper aims to establish a framework for the use of illustration in advertising by analyzing a specific element and its symbolic meanings. It begins with a discussion of the fundamentals of symbolism in illustrations, followed by a detailed analysis of thorn as an artistic concept. The paper concludes by demonstrating how these strategies can be applied in market, offering guidance for future product design and promotions.
Steven Spielbergs The Color Purple and Realization of Female Characters
Authors: Yang Yuxuan
Published: October 2024

Abstract: This essay delves into the transformative power of female solidarity in Steven Spielberg's The Color Purple, with a focus on how the film uses the contrast between the male and female gaze to underscore the importance of Celies relationships with other women. The detailed exploration of cinematic techniques, such as camera angles and lighting, effectively highlights how Spielberg underscores the importance of these connections in Celies path to self-empowerment, which emphasizes these crucial connections and contributes to the narratives portrayal of Celies evolution from subjugation to self-empowerment. The essay argues that the male gaze in the film serves to objectify and diminish female characters, while the female gaze offers a path to empowerment, fostering empathy, mutual respect, and self-realization. Ultimately, the film is presented as a profound commentary on the strength of female solidarity in challenging and overcoming systemic oppression, with the bonds between women playing a pivotal role in Celies journey toward independence and liberation.
Bernard Stigler's Theory of Media Technology and Impact on Communication Studies
Authors: Hu Mingyao
Published: October 2024

Abstract: In todays digital era, media technology is critical in shaping modern society. Accompanied by the rapid development of digital technology, the functions and roles of the media have undergone tremendous changes, and the speed, quality, and ways in which people access information have undergone unprecedented changes. Advances in media technology have reshaped how people interact with the outside world and profoundly impacted culture, cognition, and identity. Bernard Stiegle's media technology theory provides a theoretical framework for re-examining the relationship between humans and technology from a technological perspective. Stiegle argues that technology is both a tool for human development and the second origin of human beings. By proposing the theory of 'tertiary retention,' the crucial role of technology in the externalization of memory is revealed. Technology acts as both an antidote and a poison, facilitating the progress of human society and posing significant risks. In the digital age, changes in media technology have brought about problems such as cultural homogenization, identity crisis, and systemic ignorance and even led to the proletarianization of social consciousness. Stiegler's theory criticizes the logic of capitalism behind digital technology and argues that human beings must re-examine their relationship with technology to avoid falling into a technologically dominated cultural dilemma.
From the Perspective of Media Convergence: The Integration and Reference of Network Drama to Other Audio-visual Art Forms
Authors: Jiang Chengxi
Published: October 2024

Abstract: In recent years, the convergence of content and form between different media has become a significant trend. Online dramas, as an emerging media form based on streaming platforms, have developed rapidly since their inception, greatly impacting the market landscape of television dramas and films. Due to the inherent characteristics of streaming platforms, online dramas feature high market segmentation and expansive creative space. Many works have explored various content and form integrations, incorporating elements from other audiovisual art forms and reconstructing traditional television drama formats. Notably, the influences of films, short videos, and games on the shape of online dramas are most pronounced, demonstrating profound media convergence.
The Long-term Economic Growth Impact of Chinese Investment in Africa
Authors: Liang Ziying
Published: October 2024

Africa and China have always been a community of destiny, with close ties and similar historical backgrounds. However, investigating whether the Chinese investment benefits the sustainable economic growth for Africa is valid. The gist of this essay is to look at the impacts of the Chinese investment on Africas economic growth. Through analysing the structure of Chinese investment, the constraints to Africas growth, the impacts caused by Chinese investment, and their effectiveness of them. The Solow Model is an exogenous doctorial model that is recognized by the public and also focuses on long-term economic growth. The essay will apply the Solow Model to realistic situations and use it to prove the effects that Chinese investment brought by using derivatives such as capital, investment, labor force, technology, and output. The properties of the Solow Model will also be involved. The research result is that Chinese investment has indeed helped Africas sustainable economic growth and it also fits the properties of the Solow Model. Meanwhile, there are some constraints and lack of effectiveness along with the benefits. So the essay concludes that even though the Chinese investment benefited the long-run economic growth of Africa, the African governments still need to increase their interventions in the market such as introducing policies that can control the dependency on Chinese leadership. And it is also important for Africa to maintain the ability to think independently and have its agendas.
Research on Optimizing the Carbon Footprint of Products Based on Identifier Resolution
Authors: Shen Xinxin
Published: October 2024

Abstract: This article takes a certain refrigerator of Haier Company as the research object and conducts an in-depth discussion on its carbon footprint throughout the full lifecycle. To achieve accurate tracking and calculation of the carbon footprint of the refrigerator's full lifecycle, this article adopts Handle and Ecode identification and resolution technologies. It establishes corresponding identification coding rules for key points throughout the lifecycle of refrigerator production, transportation, usage, and recycling, and designs a set of identification coding schemes for each stage of the refrigerator from raw material acquisition to recycling. Based on this identification coding scheme, this article calculates in detail the carbon footprint of the refrigerator at each stage of its full lifecycle. Based on the calculated carbon footprint data, it gains a deep understanding of the distribution of the carbon footprint of the refrigerator product and proposes a series of targeted optimization strategies. This research provides a powerful reference for the green development of the home appliance industry and promotes its development towards a more environmentally friendly and sustainable direction.
Research on New Star of Anime Game Based on Genshin Impact's Success Factors and Potential Troubles
Authors: Xie Hanbing
Published: October 2024

Abstract: Genshin Impact is one of the most widely influential and profitable Chinese games to date. So far, its achievements include but are not limited to winning the "Sony PlayStation Partner Awards", and winning the "TGA Best Mobile Game" award in 2021 and 2022. The success of Genshin Impact is legendary, and it is also a milestone in Chinese games. Studying the success of it is of great significance to the development of the game industry. This article started with the previous research on Genshin Impact and other anime games, combined with the current background of the game industry, and analyzed the underlying factors behind its tremendous success from three perspectives: the production level of Genshin Impact itself, IP publicity, and operation, and meeting the needs of players. Additionally, it delves into potential challenges that Genshin Impact may face from three aspects: the game's narrative and character design, player feedback and communication, and goals for game industrialization. Lastly, recommendations are presented for each of these fields. This article improves the strategic consideration of Genshin Impact in terms of profitability and improves the viscosity of game players.
The Research on the Investment Portfolio of New Energy Sector Based on Markowitz Model and the Index Model
Authors: Wang Shuli
Published: October 2024

Abstract: New energy sector stocks in the Chinese market continue to grow at a high rate for two years in 2020 and 2021, but start to retrace in 2022. In order to investigate whether the new energy sector is still worth investing in and to find the optimal portfolio for the new energy industry, this paper analyzes fifteen stocks in the new energy sector using the Markowitz model and the index model. The following conclusions are drawn: 1. Under the constraint that shorting is not allowed in China's stock market, the index model is still advantageous. 2.Investors are more inclined to invest in the Shanghai Composite Index when seeking minimum risk. 3. Under the condition of maximum Sharpe ratio, investors are more willing to invest in the BYD Company Limited, Contemporary Amperex Technology, and EVE Energy. There are many methods of portfolio model construction at this stage, but this paper only analyzes only the Markowitz model and the index model in depth. In the future, other models can be compared and analyzed in depth to get the most suitable portfolio model for the new energy industry.