bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Vector-controlled Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor Using Indirect Matrix Converter
Authors: Abed Zainab , Hassan Turki
Published: March 2020

In this paper, the vector-controlled Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor (PMSM) fed by Indirect Matrix Converter (IMC) is analyzed, designed, and simulated by using the IMC with Carrier Based Pulse Width Modulation (CBPWM). The CBPWM strategy is based on Space Vector Pulse Width Modulation (SVPWM) analysis, it is used to enhance the input current waveform, reduce the complexity of switching signals generation, and to solve the commutation problem. The traditional PMSM drive system is simulated for comparison with proposed drive system. The proposed drive system is compared to the traditional drive system using the Total Harmonic Distortion (THD). The comparison results show that the proposed drive system outperform the traditional drive system by THD different of 1/30 of input current and 1/1.5 of stator current, with high input power factor.
Linguopragmatic and didactic potential of humorous texts in contemporary Ukrainian language textbooks
Authors: Ganzha Angelina , Halaktionova Nadiia
Published: March 2020

The article analyzes the specifics of the use of humorous texts in Ukrainian language textbooks for grades 7–9. Our attention was drawn to modern textbooks of comprehensive schools of well-known groups of authors – S.Ya. Yermolenko, V.T. Sychova, M.H. Zhuk; I.P. Yushchuk; O.V. Zabolotnyi, V.V. Zabolotnyi; O.M. Avramenko. These books have been successfully tested in the educational process, have been improved and supplemented. The argument in favor of just such an age category of students was that in adolescence, communication, self-knowledge and the identification of one's place in society are of particular importance.
The study of the lingual and pragmatic potential of humorous texts in Ukrainian language textbooks showed their didactic appeal and heuristic forcefulness not only in the practical consolidation of the learned linguistic information, but also in the formation of communicative experience and the development of students' creative thinking. The ability to identify linguistic means of creating a comic, reception of chronologically marked humorous texts, understanding of the specificities of Ukrainian laugh culture will promote the harmonious entry of the student into the modern linguistic and cultural space.
Tenderization Efficiency of Cucumis Extract (Cucumis Trigonus Rox-b) Compared with Papain enzyme on the Aged Bull Meat by Injection Method
Authors: Zahir Hemn , Saleh Hatem , Mahmud Ayad
Published: March 2020

This study was carried out to develop a method for enhancing tenderness and overall qualities of Karadi tough aged bull meat (more than 5 years old) by using a proteolytic extract from cucumis fruit (Cucumis trigonus Rox-b) compared to papain enzyme. After slaughter bull and dressing carcass, the three main muscle, longissimus dorsi (LD), semimembranosus (SM) and supraspinatus (SS) were evaluated by injecting brine supplied with extract solutions in different concentrations. (0.1, 0.2 and 0.3 % of cold cucumis extract solution and 0.02 % of Papain extract solution and distilled water as a group) at an average of injection of 10 % muscle weight. Overall, there were significant (p˂0.05) reduction of muscle pH, water holding capacity and cooking loss and significant (p˂0.05) increase in collagen solubility, nitrogen solubility in LD, SM and SS muscle samples treated with cucumis extract compared with control and Papain enzyme. The increased concentration of cucumis extract resulted in a significant increase (p˂0.05) in total and myofibrillar protein solubility with a slight increase of sarcoplasmic solubility in muscle samples that treated with cucumis extract compared to control and Papain enzyme. The electrophoresis pattern of muscle treated samples also revealed extensive proteolysis occurring in each muscle type. The results of the sensory evaluation indicated that the tenderness, juiciness and overall acceptability of all treated muscle samples significantly (p<0.05) improved compared with control. In our experiment, generally, cucumis extract tended to be more effective than papain extract for most of the studied traits. Therefor it can be summarized that cucumis extract is one of the best alternative source of proteolytic enzymes for the effective tenderizing of meat.
Effect of the use of exogenous fibrolytic enzymes in blood parameters in local goats
Authors: Al-Salmany Sawsan , Khalaf Sadi , Taha Ahmed
Published: March 2020

The study was carried out in the ruminant researches station / department of livestock research section / office of agricultural research in the district of Abu Ghraib / Baghdad to assess the effect of exogenous fibrolytic enzyme (EFE) (Safizym - France) in blood characters of local male kids. The experiment was conducted during the period from 21 May 2017 to 17 July 2017 (57) day. Eighteen males of domestic goats aged 4-5 months were used in this study. The animals were randomly assigned to three treatments (6 animals for each treatment) a control treatment was fed on basal ration without enzyme (Tc), a treated groups were supplemented with the EFE of 500 g / ton of concentrate feed (T1) and a treatment with the EFE of 1000 g / ton of concentrate feed (T2). The results showed no significant effect of the adding with EFE in the total protein, albumin and globulin, while there was an effect of the period of the weeks in the T1, where the superiority (P≤0.05) of the eighth week. The results showed a significant differences (P≤0.05) in the serum urea concentration. The second treatment decreased during the second and sixth weeks compared to the T1 and the control Tc. There was an effect of the period of the weeks within the same treatment, where all means in all treatments were reduced with progress the time of the experiment. The results showed no significant effect of the adding with EFE in both glucose and cholesterol. The means were within the normal range and the triglycerides were not affected but there were differences between the weeks within the treatment. Concentrations of HDL, LDL and VLDL were not affected by the addition of EFE, but significant differences (P≤0.05) were observed between the weeks within the treatments. The results showed that T2 treatment was superior during the zero time in the concentration of the ALP enzyme for T1 and Tc, and significant differences between the weeks within the treatments. T1 treatment (P≤0.05) exceeded T2 and Tc in the concentration of the ALT enzyme during the zero time and the fourth and sixth weeks with no effect for the period of the weeks within the same treatment. The treatment and period of the weeks did not affect the concentration of AST enzyme in the serum.
Variation of egg proteins between bird varieties by using SDS-PAGE
Authors: Amin Questan , Zhahir Hemn , Shaker Ahmed
Published: March 2020

Proteins are essential constituents of all organisms; both egg white proteins and egg yolk are source of protein. The aim of this study was conducted to perform preliminary studies to analyses and compare egg white proteins and yolk proteins from different avian species (guineafowl, dwarf hens, local hen, Shami, turkey, duck, geese, partridge and quail) via or with SDS-PAGE (Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate–Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis ). 18 Fresh eggs of different poultry species (guineafowl, dwarf hens, local hen, Shami, turkey, duck, geese, partridge and quail) were collected from various farms in the Sulaimani province. Data on egg proteins were analyzed using Statistical Xlstate used for dendrogram construction and PCA. The main egg white proteins were Ovomicin, Ovotransferrin, Ovalbumin, Flavoprotein, α- chymotrypsinogen, and Trypsin inhibitor. The main lipoproteins were Apovitellenin VI, Apovitellenin Vb, Apovitellenin V, Apovitellenin IIIa, Apovitellenin III, Apovitellin 7, B-Livetin, Apovitellenin IIa, Apovitellenin II, and Apovitellenin I. All these lipoproteins were observed in the nine birds species. The egg white proteins and yolk lipoproteins for nine species were examined. It can be concluded the large differences were found in a mount of egg white proteins and yolk lipoproteins of the nine species of birds.
De la « race indigène » à l’essentialisme pratique : le rapprochement de l’Institut indigéniste interaméricain et de l’Organisation internationale du travail (1940-1957)
Authors: Martín-Sánchez Juan , Giraudo Laura , Chardavoine Julia
Published: March 2020

La collaboration compétitive entre l’Institut indigéniste interaméricain et l’Organisation internationale du travail (OIT) est analysée ici en tant qu’élément constitutif et exemple de la construction du champ indigéniste durant la période allant de 1940 à 1957. La différence de pouvoir organisationnel et politique entre les deux organisations joue en effet un rôle décisif dans la configuration du champ et dans la définition conceptuelle et opérationnelle des « indigènes ». L’analyse révèle la difficile et ambivalente mise à distance de la perspective racialiste au sein des deux organisations et permet d’observer comment, en l’absence d’un accord théorique, l’accumulation de caractérisations pragmatiques a finalement rendue possible la définition des « indigènes » et de l’indigénéité. La victoire de l’OIT dans la lutte amicale l’opposant à l’Institut pour prendre la tête du mouvement apporte au champ indigéniste interaméricain un rayonnement qu’il aurait difficilement atteint avec le seul appui des institutions régionales. L’« essentialisation pratique » du concept d’indigène qui s’opère alors convertit l’« indigène d’Amérique » en un cas paradigmatique, celui des « peuples indigènes » à l’échelle internationale.
Juger la « race » et l’« ethnicité ». Les tribunaux internationaux face aux dilemmes du référentiel racial
Authors: Ringelheim Julie
Published: March 2020

Comment trois juridictions internationales – le Tribunal pénal international pour le Rwanda, le Tribunal pénal international pour l’ex-Yougoslavie et la Cour européenne des droits de l’homme – interprètent-elles les concepts de race et d’ethnicité lorsque la résolution d’affaires portées devant elles nécessite une telle interprétation ? Si les juges internationaux manifestent un malaise croissant face aux visions anciennes, figées et naturalisantes de ces notions, la recherche de nouveaux modes d’élucidation de celles-ci se fait par tâtonnements, moyennant hésitations et ambigüités. Les trois juridictions caractérisent l’enjeu qui se pose à elles comme une opposition entre approches objective et subjective de la race et de l’ethnicité. À l’analyse, cette distinction se révèle en partie trompeuse car elle masque la pluralité des enjeux en présence et agrège des positions en réalité contradictoires. On observe par ailleurs certaines différences dans l’approche de la Cour européenne, d’une part, des deux tribunaux internationaux, d’autre part, qui peuvent s’expliquer en partie par les différences de contraintes structurelles pesant sur ces deux types de juridiction.
(Re)produire le syndicat, produire la classe : la formation de la classe ouvrière dans un syndicat argentin
Authors: Wolanski Sandra
Published: March 2020

Comment la classe ouvrière se produit-elle et se reproduit-elle dans la pratique quotidienne des militants et des militantes d’un syndicat ? À la FOETRA, le principal syndicat des télécommunications de la région métropolitaine de Buenos Aires, l’engagement à produire la classe ouvrière comme une catégorie politique créatrice de solidarités consiste à construire un horizon d’égalité tout en identifiant les clivages qui séparent les travailleurs et les travailleuses. Deux mécanismes sont à l’œuvre. D’une part, un effort actif de définition de la classe par le biais d’initiatives formelles de formation syndicale, en relation avec un projet politique d’élargissement des limites de la classe ouvrière. D’autre part, l’élaboration d’un récit partagé et d’une mémoire collective, entreprise informelle et affective dépendant des liens tissés entre les militants et les militantes, notamment entre les anciennes et les plus jeunes. Dialoguant avec des débats récents sur le concept des « classes sociales », cette analyse s’appuie sur une recherche doctorale ethnographique menée durant les années 2013-2014.
La réduction des prix est-elle un véritable levier des ventes ? Comment améliorer l’estimation du gain perçu et l’efficacité commerciale ?
Authors: Walser-Luchesi Agnès , Siegel Dominique
Published: March 2020

La réduction du prix est une technique promotionnelle largement utilisée. Son efficacité commerciale est limitée du fait d’une méconnaissance des gains par les consommateurs. Cette recherche aborde l’effet de cadrage d’une réduction de prix sur l’estimation du gain perçu pour mieux comprendre comment réduire le biais cognitif et engendrer un véritable levier des ventes. Une expérimentation utilisant un plan factoriel a été menée auprès de 180 individus, dans le contexte d’une marque premium et de prix inférieurs à 100 ș. Nous montrons que les managers ont intérêt à communiquer une offre en pourcentage plutôt qu’en prix de référence du moment où ils incitent les consommateurs à penser le gain en pourcentage, selon un principe de similarité. L’effet favorable de la similarité des formats est, par ailleurs, renforcé par le signal promotionnel « livraison offerte » et est amplifié pour les consommateurs dont le besoin de cognition est modéré.
Ontologie du concept de protection de la clientèle en sciences de gestion : cas d’étude dans le secteur des complémentaires santé
Authors: Simonnet Carole , Dufour Nicolas
Published: March 2020

L’objet de cette communication est d’envisager la définition et la description du concept de protection de la clientèle en sciences de gestion. À l’appui des éléments de grille conceptuelle et théorique fondés sur les recherches en tétranormalisation, nous abordons via une étude de cas longitudinale menée sur plus de trois ans les enjeux de protection de la clientèle dans le cas d’une mutuelle du secteur des complémentaires santé. Les apports et préconisations managériales sont axés sur la meilleure prise en compte de la protection de la clientèle en tant que processus dédié.
La Responsabilité Sociale de l’Entreprise (RSE) : quel impact sur la prime de risque des actions ?
Authors: Lachuer Julien , Lilti Jean-Jacques
Published: March 2020

Cet article analyse l’impact d’un facteur de responsabilité sur la prime de risque des actions. L’objectif est d’analyser la pertinence d’un facteur RSE dans un modèle de type Fama-French. Nous réalisons une analyse longitudinale des entreprises cotées détenant une notation responsable par MSCI ESG STATS sur le marché Américain entre 1992 et 2012. Cela représente plus de 250000 observations mensuelles sur toute notre période d’analyse. Nos résultats confirment l’intérêt de l’information responsable, qui se révèle significative et influente sur la prime de risque du portefeuille. Plus précisément, si notre analyse suggère que le niveau de responsabilité diminue la rentabilité du portefeuille, du moins dans sa version proactive, l’impact du risque extra-financier sur la prime de risque serait fortement dépendant du secteur observé. Ainsi, la RSE se caractérise comme un coût à consentir par les investisseurs soucieux du niveau de responsabilité de leur portefeuille.
A Capability Model for Learning Analytics Adoption: Identifying Organizational Capabilities from Literature on Learning Analytics, Big Data Analytics, and Business Analytics
Authors: Knobbout Justian , Van der Stappen Esther
Published: March 2020

Despite the promises of learning analytics and the existence of several learning analytics implementation frameworks, the large-scale adoption of learning analytics within higher educational institutions remains low. Extant frameworks either focus on a specific element of learning analytics implementation, for example, policy or privacy, or lack operationalization of the organizational capabilities necessary for successful deployment. Therefore, this literature review addresses the research question “What capabilities for the successful adoption of learning analytics can be identified in existing literature on big data analytics, business analytics, and learning analytics?” Our research is grounded in resource-based view theory and we extend the scope beyond the field of learning analytics and include capability frameworks for the more mature research fields of big data analytics and business analytics. This paper’s contribution is twofold: 1) it provides a literature review on known capabilities for big data analytics, business analytics, and learning analytics and 2) it introduces a capability model to support the implementation and uptake of learning analytics. During our study, we identified and analyzed 15 key studies. By synthesizing the results, we found 34 organizational capabilities important to the adoption of analytical activities within an institution and provide 461 ways to operationalize these capabilities. Five categories of capabilities can be distinguished – Data, Management, People, Technology, and Privacy & Ethics. Capabilities presently absent from existing learning analytics frameworks concern sourcing and integration, market, knowledge, training, automation, and connectivity. Based on the results of the review, we present the Learning Analytics Capability Model: a model that provides senior management and policymakers with concrete operationalizations to build the necessary capabilities for successful learning analytics adoption.
Guitars Give Way to Guns: A Commentary on an Interview with Jean-Marc Rouillan
Authors: Worley Matthew
Published: March 2020

This short commentary reflects on Luis Velasco-Pufleau’s interview with Jean-Marc Rouillan. Picking up on the connections made between musical practice and political struggle, it locates Rouillan’s life and thoughts in relation to punk and the subversive charge more general to rock‘n’roll. By so doing, questions of freedom, action and commodification are considered, relating how cultural revolution may feed into political insurrection.
Nature’s Sonic Order on the Western Front
Authors: Guida Michael
Published: March 2020

Sound scholars and historians have made much of the noise of warfare. In the trenches of the Western Front, however, there was more to hear than the unprecedented noise of shelling, and the cultivation of listening for danger and for safety brought other sounds to the ear that could offer relief from the intensity of the conflict. Often these were the sounds of nature: birdsong, trees and the stillness of the heavens above the battlefields. Soldiers’ writing (letters, diaries, memoirs and poems) reveals a deep engagement with these sounds as part of an effort to make sense of the fearsome environment in which men were contained. Birdsong in particular gave harmony and rhythm to a fractured and unpredictable sound-world. It made coherent, if only for a moment, the possibility of continuity and survival. High above the trenches, it was the cascading song of the lark that cleansed the air and drew eyes further upwards to an imaginative cosmic escape.
Did Music Cause the End of the World?
Authors: Daughtry J. Martin
Published: March 2020

This essay seeks to clarify the relationship between music and environmental violence. After a reflection on the distortions and insights that different frames of reference produce, it places music within an expansive environmental register that encompasses the entirety of human history, up to and including our current era of “slow violence,” industrial pollution, mass extinction, and global warming. Throughout, human musicking is presented as always-already entangled with nonhuman entities and processes. The essay focuses on four of music’s potentialities—its exclusivity, centripetality, instrumentality, and reductivity—and argues that the cumulative effect of musicking has been to help perpetuate a type of anthropocentrism that made industrial-scale environmental violence possible. It concludes by suggesting a number of small tactics for musical thriving in an age when, in Timothy Morton’s words, “the concept of world is no longer operational”.
Kinetics and Mechanism of Ecochemical Processes
Authors: Travin Sergey Olegovich
Published: March 2020

Significant efforts of mankind and huge funds were spent to study the mechanisms of environmental processes. Recent decades have been marked by exponential growth of computer power and the accompanying decrease in the cost of computing. With regard to the mathematical modeling of physical and chemical processes that determine the quality of natural waters, atmosphere, and soil, this has led to the development of an extensive approach based on an increase in the number of components and reactions between them taken into consideration. In this chapter, the authors describe features of ecochemical systems and discuss the moments that complicates their prediction. Using the method of numerical experiment, they investigate the behavior of periodic systems with multiple stationary states. One conclusion is that the actual manifestation cannot be used to determine at what stage the impact occurred and to what stage of the food chain it relates. Another conclusion is that systems involving multiple stationary states are prone to bifurcations and chaotic jumps from one limit cycle to another.
Moss Biomonitoring in Former Sovet Union Countries
Authors: Zinicovscaia Inga , Yushin Nikita , Vegel Konstantin , Grozdov Dmitrii
Published: March 2020

Air pollution is a worldwide environmental and health issue. Among environmental pollutants, heavy metals are the most dangerous due to their persistence and bioaccumulation in food chain. Assessment of heavy metal deposition using moss biomonitors is a cheap and effective technique, which was successfully applied in different European counties. The present work revises application of passive biomonitoring in former Soviet Union countries: Belarus, Estonia, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Latvia, Moldova, Russia, and Ukraine. The air pollution sources in each country were identified. The mean concentration of elements considered as environmental pollutants were compared in order to detect the most polluted countries on the post-Soviet space.
Ecological Chemistry Through Popular Scientific Articles
Authors: Kupatadze Ketevan
Published: March 2020

Popularization of ecological chemistry is the aim of scientific-popular articles, which are published in the online journal for teachers. The articles of this type ecological chemistry are linked with literature and history. Due to this linkage, this module turns into an easily comprehensible one and it becomes fun. In all articles, there is also included very useful and interesting information pertaining to ecological chemistry. The titles of such articles must be underlined because they should not only show the common meaning of article, but they should also attract readers. The utmost interest is generated by the historical papers where chemical issues are connected with history. The period of alchemy is more popular and that's why the alchemical stories are described in the articles. The outcome of the pedagogical experiment has made it clear that such a method of teaching of ecological chemistry with scientific popular articles affects positively school student motivation and changes their attitude towards environmental pollution.
An Outlook About the Application of Digital Storytelling in Higher Education
Authors: Carvalho Luisa Margarida Cagica , Noronha Adriana Backx
Published: March 2020

Digitalization is more than a trend. It is a reality that influences firms, citizens, and organizations in general. Concerning education, digitalization becomes a key issue. Students try to use technology as a facilitator for learning. Digital tools are largely appreciated by new generations, particularly the millenniums. Telling stories is an ancient practice that shares information, values, and history between generations of families around the world. Digital storytelling (DIST) could be recognized as the use of digital tools according to a specific methodology to share stories and use this ancestral practice for learning in a context of network apprenticeship. This chapter presents a literature review about both storytelling and digital storytelling learning tools in Higher Education. The chapter also discusses the application of this digital tool in entrepreneurial education.
Learning Marketing in a Multicultural Context
Authors: Xara-Brasil Duarte , Carvalho Manuela , Nunes Sandra
Published: March 2020

There has been an increasing degree of internationalization of several higher education institutions mainly under the ERASMUS context. Those mobility programs bring important gains in terms of students' competences to the Higher Education Institutions and to the employers, but there are also many constraints associated with the student's mobility process. The Setubal Brand Management is a multicultural pedagogical project that also promotes interpersonal skills and encourages a greater integration in the region and with local students. It includes students with diverse educational and cultural backgrounds. In this chapter, several specific pedagogical approaches were taken into account, such as: development of specific contents; implementation of different team-building actions; the inclusion of facilitating elements of communication; and the constitution of multicultural groups. A critical analysis of student perceptions and the sharing of the project with colleagues and with the academic community allowed implementation of several improvements.
Virtual Learning Environment
Authors: Ximenes Andréa Consolino
Published: March 2020

This chapter shows the management experience of a Virtual Learning Environment (VLE) that is supported by Moodle (Modular Object-Oriented Dynamic Learning Environment) as a tool in face-to-face undergraduate courses in public business school in Brazil: initial actions, acceptance, and results. Currently, it is essential to reach a new degree: to modify how users employ Moodle to improve students' learning in a significant way through interactive and collaborative functions. The authors present the data of most used tools to show and compare their use. Next, as a discussion point, was the implantation strategy the right one? Could the interactive and collaborative purpose be the platform change appeal?
Corporate Culture as a Competitive Tool in Enhancing the Organisational Performance of Star-Rated Hotels in Ghana
Authors: Owusu Dominic
Published: March 2020

This chapter focuses on the use of corporate culture as a competitive tool to enhance the performance of organisations. However, the focus of the study was on star-rated hotels in Ghana. To address this, the chapter first focused on determining the corporate culture that is dominant among the star-rated hotels operating in Ghana. Secondly, it also sought to establish the influence that corporate culture has on organisational performance. Out of a population of 680 star-rated hotel managers, a sample of 248 were chosen using stratified random sampling technique. Self-administered questionnaires were used to solicit the views of managers of the selected hotels. In all, a total of 178 responses were retrieved and analysed using descriptive and partial least squares in structural equation modelling. Findings of the study revealed that the rule-bound culture is the dominant corporate practiced by the star-rated hot hotels in Ghana. The study also found that corporate culture significantly predicted organisational performance of star-rated hotels in the country.
Identification and Classification of Cyber Threats Through SSH Honeypot Systems
Authors: Jorquera Valero José María , Gil Pérez Manuel , Huertas Celdrán Alberto , Martínez Pérez Gregorio
Published: March 2020

As the number and sophistication of cyber threats increases year after year, security systems such as antivirus, firewalls, or Intrusion Detection Systems based on misuse detection techniques are improved in detection capabilities. However, these traditional systems are usually limited to detect potential threats, since they are inadequate to spot zero-day attacks or mutations in behaviour. Authors propose using honeypot systems as a further security layer able to provide an intelligence holistic level in detecting unknown threats, or well-known attacks with new behaviour patterns. Since brute-force attacks are increasing in recent years, authors opted for an SSH medium-interaction honeypot to acquire a log set from attacker's interactions. The proposed system is able to acquire behaviour patterns of each attacker and link them with future sessions for early detection. Authors also generate a feature set to feed Machine Learning algorithms with the main goal of identifying and classifying attacker's sessions, and thus be able to learn malicious intentions in executing cyber threats.
An Attribute-Based Searchable Encryption Scheme for Non-Monotonic Access Structure
Authors: ­ Mamta , Gupta Brij B.
Published: March 2020

Attribute based encryption (ABE) is a widely used technique with tremendous application in cloud computing because it provides fine-grained access control capability. Owing to this property, it is emerging as a popular technique in the area of searchable encryption where the fine-grained access control is used to determine the search capabilities of a user. But, in the searchable encryption schemes developed using ABE it is assumed that the access structure is monotonic which contains AND, OR and threshold gates. Many ABE schemes have been developed for non-monotonic access structure which supports NOT gate, but this is the first attempt to develop a searchable encryption scheme for the same. The proposed scheme results in fast search and generates secret key and search token of constant size and also the ciphertext components are quite fewer than the number of attributes involved. The proposed scheme is proven secure against chosen keyword attack (CKA) in selective security model under Decisional Bilinear Diffie-Hellman (DBDH) assumption.
The State-of-the-Art Cryptography Techniques for Secure Data Transmission
Authors: Chander Bhanu
Published: March 2020

Cryptography is a progression where message correspondences are intelligently sent from one abuser to an additional abuser which endows with frequent defense services like privacy, data truthfulness, or verification to the wireless transportation structure. An encryption method keeps exceptional crucial contribution to communication safety measures. Here we mentioned characteristics of various Symmetric and Asymmetric encryption techniques along with inclusion of optimization techniques in cryptography for decrease computation difficulty. Moreover, advanced encryption techniques such as Zero-knowledge, Multi-party, Homomorphism encryptions, and Cognitive cryptography, Blockchain with their associated protocols are described. The present day's extensive research practices on quantum computer machines explain mathematical tribulations which are complicated or stubborn for classical computers. Quantum cryptography, challenges, Goal of Quantum resistant cryptography with associated literature work is described.
Cloud Computing Security
Authors: Chaturvedi Chhavi , Gupta Brij B.
Published: March 2020

The applications and software using cloud computing as a base have significantly increased, and cloud computing is nowadays developed as a scalable and cost-effective technique. It facilitates many features in the computing environment like resource pooling, multi-tenancy, virtualization, etc. The cloud environment has led to the proliferation of various attacks that affect the security of applications and software developed by using cloud services and also cloud user's data. Data security is the main concern in cloud computing because it is stored in data centers provided by service providers. The chapter presents the background history of cloud computing and different challenges faced by the cloud environment, especially in terms of providing security for customer data stored in data centers. Authors also discuss the case studies on Microsoft Azure (i.e. a cloud platform) and Aneka (i.e. a cloud development and management platform).
The Cyber Talent Gap and Cybersecurity Professionalizing
Authors: Nobles Calvin
Published: March 2020

Two significant issues loom throughout the cybersecurity domain. The first is the shortage of cybersecurity professionals and the second quandary is the lack of minimum entry standards in cybersecurity. Some organizations' cybersecurity operations are suffering due to the cybersecurity talent gap accompanied by the increasing sophistication and number of cyber-attack attempts. The shortage of cyber talent is rampant in private entities as in public agencies, which highlights the resolve for entry standards into cybersecurity to enhance the professionalization. Researchers and practitioners provide countless recommendations for ameliorating the cybersecurity workforce by addressing the professionalization issue. Professional associations are the nexus of cybersecurity and possess the expertise, leadership, and sustenance to spearhead efforts to develop national-level strategies to resolve the talent gap and establish professionalization standards.
Situation Understanding for Operational Art in Cyber Operations
Authors: Kuusisto Tuija , Kuusisto Rauno , Roehrig Wolfgang
Published: March 2020

This paper presents a theoretically motivated framework and methodology that has been designed for finding out the emergent phenomena and information needs for planning and decision-making. The approach is based on complexity thinking, system modeling, communication and cognition philosophy, social system theories and content analysis research technique. It provides results with the analysis of quite small sets of information. The paper demonstrates the approach with a case study. The study was performed in an international cyber experiment of the Multinational Capability Development Campaign (MCDC) 2013-2014. The case study shows that the proposed approach is plausible for increasing understanding about complex situations. This is needed in operational art for creating such compositions and resources that enable success in military operations.
A New Dynamic Cyber Defense Framework
Authors: Chen Jim Q.
Published: March 2020

Current approaches in cyber defense are flawed as they are fortress-based and generally static in nature. They are not flexible in dealing with variations of attacks, especially zero-day attacks. To address this issue, researchers have looked into dynamic cyber defense. However, the available approaches are either only about high-level strategies or only about specific tactics. There is no integrated approach that brings both levels together in a systematic way. This research article intends to address this challenge by proposing a new dynamic cyber defense framework that is systematic and cohesive, and that integrates strategic, operational, and tactical levels. It improves the research in dynamic cyber defense by employing game-changing elements such as a contextual analysis system and an intelligent decision-making system.
Deception Detection in Cyber Conflicts
Authors: Chen Jim Q.
Published: March 2020

Deception is a strategy that has been widely used in cyber conflicts. How to detect deception in a timely manner is always a challenge, especially for a cyber commander who is at the point of making decisions with respect to the actual target to go after, the exact location of the target, the starting and ending time of a cyber operation, the type of cyber operation, the way of launching the cyber operation, and the amount of resources and support needed. It is absolutely important for a cyber commander to know for sure that he/she is not deceived by an adversary so he/she will be able to make right decisions. Varied solutions do exist. However, they are either too narrow or too broad. The solutions represented by signature technology are narrow in scope, so that they are not capable of dealing with the deception that they have not handled before. The solutions represented by behavioral analysis are relatively broad, so that they require extra time to re-adjust their focuses, incorporate contextual information, and combine heterogeneous data resources in order to get to what is exactly needed. In addition, the use of contexts in analysis is at random and not in a systematic way in most cases. Even when contexts are included in analysis, their relations with the relevant events are not well explored in all these solutions. To address these issues, this paper proposes a new strategic and systematic solution applying the Operational-Level Cybersecurity Strategy Formation Framework. This new solution employs purpose analysis, contextual analysis, and risk analysis. A case study is provided to test the effectiveness of this solution in detecting deception in a timely manner. The benefits and limitations of this solution are discussed. The capabilities of the Operational-Level Cybersecurity Strategy Formation Framework are evidently proved via this use case.
Cyber-Physical Systems in Vehicular Communications
Authors: Mehmood Amjad , Ahmed Syed Hassan , Sarkar Mahasweta
Published: March 2020

Like the other emerging technologies such as computer evolution and embedded machines, the Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs) have also gained much attention from various manufactures and academia. Moreover, we have several on board sensors installed inside the vehicles, responsible for sensing different activities within the vehicle and surrounding such as temperature, intruder detection and so on. Recently, those sensors/actuator systems became responsive to the physical world by enabling real time control emanating from conventional embedded systems, thus emerging a new research paradigm named Cyber-Physical System (CPS). Likewise, other applications for CPS, we have Vehicular Cyber-Physical System (VCPS) that is not a new concept. For now, VCPS may refer to a wide range of transportation management system that is integrated strongly and should be highly accurate, real-time, and efficient. This chapter provides readers with the details of the term “VCPS” followed by the historical overview of this new emerging field including research challenges and future aspects of the VCPS.
An Image Forgery Detection Approach Based on Camera's Intrinsic Noise Properties
Authors: Gautam Shikha , Jalal Anand Singh
Published: March 2020

Digital images are found everywhere from cell phones to the pages of online news sites. With the rapid growth of the Internet and the popularity of digital image capturing devices, images have become major source of information. Now-a-days fudge of images has become easy due to powerful advanced photo-editing software and high-resolution cameras. In this article, the authors present a method for detecting forgery, which is detected by estimating camera's intrinsic noise properties. Differences in noise parameters of the image are used as evidence of Image tampering. The method works in two steps. In the first step, the given image is classified as forge or non-forge. In the second step, the forged region in the image is detected. Results show that the proposed method outperforms the previous methods and shows a detection accuracy of 85.76%.
An Exploration of the Cybersecurity Workforce Shortage
Authors: Burrell Darrell Norman
Published: March 2020

There is a colossal cyber security workforce shortage. Global estimates state there are over 1 million unfilled cyber security jobs. As everyone becomes increasingly hyper-connected and cybercrime intensifies in both scale and complexity, the need for experts in the field is dire. Innovative organizations are realizing that they need to tap into new talent pools of minorities and woman that have historically been overlooked. This article explores nature of this this workforce shortage and how to find new sources of talent.
Assessment of Honeypots
Authors: Gupta B. B. , Gupta Alisha
Published: March 2020

Honeypots act as an easy target for attackers but it is actually a “decoy” in which attacker is trapped. It is a defensive technique which lures the attacker into performing some illicit operations on it and subsequently using it to trace the activities of attacker, generating signatures and protecting the real system. In this article, a recent survey on Honeypots is presented, its deployment in smartphone scenarios, its usage to curb Distributed Denial of Service attacks in variegated frameworks including Cloud environments, copious datasets and open source. Also described are the types Honeypots available, their various security problems, and existing solutions. Furthermore, there is light shed on disparate issues and the challenges in the existing solutions and scope of further research.
Eriksonian Analysis of Terrorism in West Africa
Authors: Mensah-Ankrah Chris
Published: March 2020

The objective of an Eriksonian analysis of terrorism is not to discard other theories, but to build on them, addressing their limitations through a personality development analysis which seeks to examine the susceptibility or eventual radicalization of an individual. So, while the concept attests to various socio-economic and political theories underpinning terrorism, it examines how these theories exposes the weaknesses of identity through a psychosocial analysis of personality development. The crux of the theory is therefore to examine reasons underlying the paths to radicalization from an intra-personal perspective largely influenced by one's immediate social conditions. The basic questions are therefore: Why do individuals of the same socio-economic and political pressure respond differently to the “pressures of radicalization”? Recommendations after the study includes; the concept of an integrating highly segregated extremist communities, a concept called “The Melting Pot”, revaluating teaching and learning models of Islamic Institutions offering Islamic studies.
The Threat of Cyber Warfare in the SADC Region
Authors: Kurebwa Jeffrey , Matenga Kundai Lillian
Published: March 2020

This chapter is based on a study that sought to understand the threats of cyber warfare in Zimbabwe. The effects of cyber warfare, cyber intelligence mechanisms in place, and the status of the harmonization of laws and collaboration of SADC countries in efforts to address cyber threats were also covered. Qualitative research methodology was used to conduct the study. A total of 15 key respondents drawn from information technology experts, academia, top military personnel, and lawyers participated in the study. The study revealed that Zimbabwe was vulnerable to cyber warfare due to increased use of technology and failure to keep up with technological advancements. The study noted that the current legislation does not explicitly address cyber warfare threats but focuses more on cybercrime. The study recommended that Zimbabwe enact effective legislation to curtail cyber warfare in order to enhance cyber security. Investment in cyber security in terms of research and human capital development should also be prioritized.
Research on Digital Forensics Based on Uyghur Web Text Classification
Authors: Aizezi Yasen , Jamal Anwar , Abudurexiti Ruxianguli , Muming Mutalipu
Published: March 2020

This paper mainly discusses the use of mutual information (MI) and Support Vector Machines (SVMs) for Uyghur Web text classification and digital forensics process of web text categorization: automatic classification and identification, conversion and pretreatment of plain text based on encoding features of various existing Uyghur Web documents etc., introduces the pre-paratory work for Uyghur Web text encoding. Focusing on the non-Uyghur characters and stop words in the web texts filtering, we put forward a Multi-feature Space Normalized Mutual Information (M-FNMI) algorithm and replace MI between single feature and category with mutual information (MI) between input feature combination and category so as to extract more accurate feature words; finally, we classify features with support vector machine (SVM) algorithm. The experimental result shows that this scheme has a high precision of classification and can provide criterion for digital forensics with specific purpose.
The Impact of the Flipped Classroom on Students' Academic Achievements in Secondary Schools
Authors: Koshegulova Meruyert , Mindetbay Yerkhan
Published: March 2020

The purpose of this study is to analyze the effects of flipped learning on students' academic achievements in the subject of science at Bilim Innovation Lyceums (BIL) in Kazakhstan. For this purpose, pre and post surveys were conducted on 168 students who were divided into two groups; the experimental group consisting of 84 students who took part in flipped learning classes for seven weeks and the control group consisting of 84 students who experienced the traditional method of classroom instruction at the same period. To achieve the objectives of the study, a final placement test score was used before and after the introduction of the flipped classroom model. The results of the study are summarized as follows. There were a significant difference between the two groups in terms of academic achievement when it measured by test scores before and after the concerned semester. On the basis of these findings, several suggestions were made for the schools to utilize innovative instructional methods including flipped learning for sustainable education in the future.
English as a Medium of Instruction on the Way to Sustainability and Internationalization in Non-English-Speaking Countries
Authors: Daukenova Aizhan , Askhatova Ainur , Kaisar Zhibek
Published: March 2020

The present chapter describes the comparative analysis of the implementation of English as a medium of instruction in Kazakhstan and other non-English speaking countries by presenting a small-scale study of revealing the attitudes of graduate students and lecturers towards EMI in Kazakhstan. Compared to other countries, Kazakhstan has a number of similar issues in the implementation of English as a medium of instruction, which creates the possibility of performing a practice based on the experience of others. The research on English as a medium of instruction has revealed that EMI in Kazakhstan is in need of further guidance and investigation.
Gamification for Technology-Enhanced Language Teaching and Learning
Authors: Pujolà Joan-Tomàs , Appel Christine
Published: March 2020

This chapter explores gamification as an innovative pedagogical strategy in language learning with the use of technology. The authors examine the construct of gamification, arguing for the need of a clear definition as many authors use various terms interchangeably. The dynamics, mechanics, and components to conform a gamified learning experience are presented. The chapter describes current research and teaching experiences on gamification and technology-enhanced teaching and learning. Two approaches are identified: the use or design of gamified apps and gamified learning experiences designed entirely by teachers and implemented with the help of different technologies. Some tools and platforms for gamification are discussed and recommendations on how to implement a successful gamified teaching intervention are provided. Two approaches to researching gamification are also proposed.
Using a Chatbot, Replika, to Practice Writing Through Conversations in L2 English
Authors: Kılıçkaya Ferit
Published: March 2020

This chapter explores university students' views of Replika, an English chatbot. Students in a department of health administration at a state university in Turkey used Replika to complete different tasks over 7 weeks. At the end of the study, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 10 randomly selected students. They liked using Replika and found the software useful. The participants underscored the importance of receiving an immediate response to what they wrote on their mobile devices and added that they edited their sentences when Replika could not understand the message they were trying to convey.