bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Association between the Cardiac Arrest Hospital Prognosis (CAHP) score and reason for death after successfully resuscitated cardiac arrest
Authors: Paul Marine , Legriel Stéphane , Benghanem Sarah , Abbad Sofia , Ferré Alexis , Lacave Guillaume , Richard Olivier , Dumas Florence , Cariou Alain
Published: April 2023

Individualize treatment after cardiac arrest could potentiate future clinical trials selecting patients most likely to benefit from interventions. We assessed the Cardiac Arrest Hospital Prognosis (CAHP) score for predicting reason for death to improve patient selection. Consecutive patients in two cardiac arrest databases were studied between 2007 and 2017. Reasons for death were categorised as refractory post-resuscitation shock (RPRS), hypoxic-ischaemic brain injury (HIBI) and other. We computed the CAHP score, which relies on age, location at OHCA, initial cardiac rhythm, no-flow and low-flow times, arterial pH, and epinephrine dose. We performed survival analyses using the Kaplan–Meier failure function and competing-risks regression. Of 1543 included patients, 987 (64%) died in the ICU, 447 (45%) from HIBI, 291 (30%) from RPRS, and 247 (25%) from other reasons. The proportion of deaths from RPRS increased with CAHP score deciles; the sub-hazard ratio for the tenth decile was 30.8 (9.8–96.5; p < 0.0001). The sub-hazard ratio of the CAHP score for predicting death from HIBI was below 5. Higher CAHP score values were associated with a higher proportion of deaths due to RPRS. This score may help to constitute uniform patient populations likely to benefit from interventions assessed in future randomised controlled trials.
Real-time gas mass spectroscopy by multivariate analysis
Authors: Franceschelli Leonardo , Ciricugno Carla , Di Lorenzo Maurizio , Romani Aldo , Berardinelli Annachiara , Tartagni Marco , Correale Raffaele
Published: April 2023

Early and significant results for a real-time, column-free miniaturized gas mass spectrometer in detecting target species with partial overlapping spectra are reported. The achievements have been made using both nanoscale holes as a nanofluidic sampling inlet system and a robust statistical technique. Even if the presented physical implementation could be used with gas chromatography columns, the aim of high miniaturization requires investigating its detection performance with no aid. As a study case, in the first experiment, dichloromethane (CH2Cl2) and cyclohexane (C6H12) with concentrations in the 6–93 ppm range in single and compound mixtures were used. The nano-orifice column-free approach acquired raw spectra in 60 s with correlation coefficients of 0.525 and 0.578 to the NIST reference database, respectively. Then, we built a calibration dataset on 320 raw spectra of 10 known different blends of these two compounds using partial least square regression (PLSR) for statistical data inference. The model showed a normalized full-scale root-mean-square deviation (NRMSD) accuracy of $$10.9\mathrm{\%}$$

10.9
%

and $$18.4\mathrm{\%}$$

18.4
%

for each species, respectively, even in combined mixtures. A second experiment was conducted on mixes containing two other gasses, Xylene and Limonene, acting as interferents. Further 256 spectra were acquired on 8 new mixes, from which two models were developed to predict CH2Cl2 and C6H12, obtaining NRMSD values of 6.4% and 13.9%, respectively.
The benefit of planned dialysis to early survival on hemodialysis versus peritoneal dialysis: a nationwide prospective multicenter study in Korea
Authors: Lim Jeong-Hoon , Kim Ji Hye , Jeon Yena , Kim Yon Su , Kang Shin-Wook , Yang Chul Woo , Kim Nam-Ho , Jung Hee-Yeon , Choi Ji-Young , Park Sun-Hee , Kim Chan-Duck , Kim Yong-Lim , Cho Jang-Hee
Published: April 2023

Optimal preparation is recommended for patients with advanced chronic kidney disease to minimize complications during dialysis initiation. This study evaluated the effects of planned dialysis initiation on survival in patients undergoing incident hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis. Patients newly diagnosed with end-stage kidney disease who started dialysis were enrolled in a multicenter prospective cohort study in Korea. Planned dialysis was defined as dialysis therapy initiated with permanent access and maintenance of the initial dialysis modality. A total of 2892 patients were followed up for a mean duration of 71.9 ± 36.7 months and 1280 (44.3%) patients initiated planned dialysis. The planned dialysis group showed lower mortality than the unplanned dialysis group during the 1st and 2nd years after dialysis initiation (1st year: adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] 0.51; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.37–0.72; P < 0.001; 2nd year: aHR 0.71; 95% CI 0.52–0.98, P = 0.037). However, 2 years after dialysis initiation, mortality did not differ between the groups. Planned dialysis showed a better early survival rate in hemodialysis patients, but not in peritoneal dialysis patients. Particularly, infection-related mortality was reduced only in patients undergoing hemodialysis with planned dialysis initiation. Planned dialysis has survival benefits over unplanned dialysis in the first 2 years after dialysis initiation, especially in patients undergoing hemodialysis. It improved infection-related mortality during the early dialysis period.
Differential effects of sex on tuberculosis location and severity across the lifespan
Authors: Min Jinsoo , Park Jae Seuk , Kim Hyung Woo , Ko Yousang , Oh Jee Youn , Jeong Yun-Jeong , Na Ju Ock , Kwon Sun-Jung , Choe Kang Hyeon , Lee Won-Yeon , Lee Sung-Soon , Kim Ju Sang , Koo Hyeon-Kyoung
Published: April 2023

Disparities exist between sexes regarding tuberculosis (TB) incidence, as well as disease severity and outcome. Using a nationwide TB registry database, we explored the impact of sex and age on extrapulmonary TB (EPTB) among all enrolled patients by (1) calculating the female proportion for every age category according to TB-affected locations, (2) calculating the proportions of EPTB stratified by sex according to age, (3) conducting multivariable analysis to examine the impact of sex and age on EPTB likelihood, and (4) assessing the odds of EPTB for female compared to male as reference in every age category. Further, we explored the impact of sex and age on disease severity among pulmonary TB (PTB) patients. Of all the TB patients, 40.1% were female, with a male-to-female ratio of 1.49. The proportion of females was lowest in their fifties, resembling a U-shape. The male-to-female ratios in PTB and EPTB were 1.67 and 1.03, respectively. Compared to men, women were significantly associated with EPTB in their forties, fifties, and sixties. Female patients with PTB had significantly lower odds of having cavitation and positive smear test results in their fifties. Significant differences were found concerning TB location and severity between sexes, especially during reproductive age.
Topological differences and confounders of mental rotation in cervical dystonia and blepharospasm
Authors: Odorfer Thorsten M. , Yabe Marie , Hiew Shawn , Volkmann Jens , Zeller Daniel
Published: April 2023

Mental rotation (mR) bases on imagination of actual movements. It remains unclear whether there is a specific pattern of mR impairment in focal dystonia. We aimed to investigate mR in patients with cervical dystonia (CD) and blepharospasm (BS) and to assess potential confounders. 23 CD patients and 23 healthy controls (HC) as well as 21 BS and 19 hemifacial spasm (HS) patients were matched for sex, age, and education level. Handedness, finger dexterity, general reaction time, and cognitive status were assessed. Disease severity was evaluated by clinical scales. During mR, photographs of body parts (head, hand, or foot) and a non-corporal object (car) were displayed at different angles rotated within their plane. Subjects were asked to judge laterality of the presented image by keystroke. Both speed and correctness were evaluated. Compared to HC, CD and HS patients performed worse in mR of hands, whereas BS group showed comparable performance. There was a significant association of prolonged mR reaction time (RT) with reduced MoCA scores and with increased RT in an unspecific reaction speed task. After exclusion of cognitively impaired patients, increased RT in the mR of hands was confined to CD group, but not HS. While the question of whether specific patterns of mR impairment reliably define a dystonic endophenotype remains elusive, our findings point to mR as a useful tool, when used carefully with control measures and tasks, which may be capable of identifying specific deficits that distinguish between subtypes of dystonia.
Identification of railway subgrade defects based on ground penetrating radar
Authors: Hou Zhezhe , Zhao Weigang , Yang Yong
Published: April 2023

A recognition method is proposed to solve the problems in subgrade detection with ground penetrating radar, such as massive data, time–frequency and difference in experience. According to the sparsity of subgrade defects in radar images, the sparse representation of railway subgrade defects is studied from the aspects of the time domain, and time–frequency domain with compressive sensing theory. The features of the radar signal are extracted by sparse representation, thus the sampling data are reduced. Based on fuzzy C-means and generalized regression neural network, a rapid recognition of the railway subgrade defects is realized. Experimental results show that the redundancy of data is reduced, and the accuracy of identification is greatly increased.
Assumed shared belief about conspiracy theories in social networks protects paranoid individuals against distress
Authors: Suthaharan Praveen , Corlett Philip R.
Published: April 2023

Paranoia is the belief that others intend you harm. It is related to conspiracy theories, wherein those others represent an organized faction, coordinating the harm against self and others, and violating societal norms. Current psychological studies of paranoid conspiracy theorizing focus either on the individual or their broader social network. Likewise, theories of belief formation and updating often contain individual level processes as well as broader interpersonal and organizational factors. Here we examine paranoia and conspiracy theorizing in terms of individual behavioral predictors (performance on a probabilistic reversal learning task which assays belief updating) as well as social sensing: we ask participants to report the features of their social network, including whether their friends and acquaintances share their paranoid conspiratorial beliefs. We find that people who believe paranoid conspiracy theories expect more volatility during the task. They also assume that members of their social network share their paranoid beliefs. Critically, those participants with larger social networks and greater assumed shared belief tend to harbor their conspiratorial beliefs with less emotional distress and expect less volatility in the task. This is evidence that, like political and religious beliefs, conspiracy theories may flourish under a sacred canopy of belief consensus. These data suggest that friends and acquaintances may serve as sources of credulity and moving between them may sustain conspiracy beliefs when there is detraction. This hybrid individual/social account may shed light on clinical paranoia and persecutory delusion, wherein disability is defined normatively, and social supports are fewer.
Graphene oxide classification and standardization
Authors: Donato Katarzyna Z. , Tan Hui Li , Marangoni Valeria S. , Martins Marcos V. S. , Ng Pei Rou , Costa Mariana C. F. , Jain Purvi , Lee Sarah J. , Koon Gavin K. W. , Donato Ricardo K. , Castro Neto A. H.
Published: April 2023

There is a need to classify and standardize graphene-related materials giving the growing use of this materials industrially. One of the most used and more difficult to classify is graphene oxide (GO). Inconsistent definitions of GO, closely relating it to graphene, are found in the literature and industrial brochures. Hence, although they have very different physicochemical properties and industrial applications, commonly used classifications of graphene and GO definitions are not substantial. Consequently, the lack of regulation and standardization create trust issues among sellers and buyers that impede industrial development and progress. With that in mind, this study offers a critical assessment of 34 commercially available GOs, characterized using a systematic and reliable protocol for accessing their quality. We establish correlations between GO physicochemical properties and its applications leading to rationale for its classification.
Structure and spectral properties of Dy3+ doped CaYAlO4 single crystal
Authors: Liu Yunyun , Wang Yan , Wang Meng , Shen Huan , Huang Chuanxin , Wang Xihu , Gao Ju , Tu Chaoyang
Published: April 2023

A 2 at.% Dy3+: CaYAlO4 single crystal was grown successfully. The electronic structures of Ca2+/Y3+ mixed sites in CaYAlO4 were investigated using first-principles based on density functional theory. The effects of Dy3+ doping on the structural parameters of host crystal were studied using XRD pattern. The optical properties including absorption spectrum, excitation spectrum, emission spectra and fluorescence decay curves were thoroughly investigated. The results show that the Dy3+: CaYAlO4 crystal could be pumped by the blue InGaN and AlGaAs or 1281 nm laser diodes. Furthermore, an intense 578 nm yellow emission was obtained directly under excitation at 453 nm, meanwhile, evident mid-infrared light emitting was observed by 808 or 1281 nm laser excitation. The fitted fluorescence lifetimes of 4F9/2 and 6H13/2 levels were about 0.316 ms and 0.038 ms, respectively. It can be concluded that this Dy3+: CaYAlO4 crystal could simultaneously act as a promising medium for both solid-state yellow and mid-infrared laser outputs.
Exploration of spatial confinement and ligand effects for the oxygen reduction reaction on Fe–Nx embedded hole-graphene
Authors: Guo Jing-Hua , Wang Hong-Bo , Liu Hai-Ying , Chen Gang , Cao Ting-Ting
Published: April 2023

The catalytic mechanism of the oxygen reduction reaction and the effect of spatial confinement and ligands on MOF-derived materials are studied using DFT calculations.
Oligonucleotide synthesis under mild deprotection conditions
Authors: Chillar Komal , Eriyagama Adikari M. D. N. , Yin Yipeng , Shahsavari Shahien , Halami Bhaskar , Apostle Alexander , Fang Shiyue
Published: April 2023

The use of novel protecting groups makes it possible to incorporate sensitive epigenetically modified nucleosides such asN4-acetylcytidine into oligonucleotides.
Soluble and highly fluorescent conjugated polymer network: non-oxidative reversible doping, cell imaging and anticancer activity
Authors: Gupta Neelam , Maity Swapan , Anamika  , Behere Ravi Prakash , Mahata Prabhash , Maiti Biswajit , Maiti Pralay , Kuila Biplab Kumar
Published: April 2023

Triazine- and thiophene-based soluble and fluorescent conjugated polymer networks exhibit Lewis acid-based reversible doping, and they were employed for cell imaging and the killing of cancer cells.
Construction of tea tree oil/salicylic acid/palygorskite hybrids for advanced antibacterial and anti-inflammatory performance
Authors: Zhang Xi , Cao Lihua , Li Huiyu , Xiong Ziyi , Fu Zhengpeng , Zhang Zhaolun , Xie Wenjing , Cui Hongyan , Zhang Shuang , Tang Ying , Feng Yongjun
Published: April 2023

A tea tree oil/salicylic acid/palygorskite hybrid was tailored with advanced antibacterial and anti-inflammatory performances for topical pharmaceutical applications.
An electrochemical chlorpromazine sensor based on a gold–copper bimetallic synergetic molecularly imprinted interface on an acupuncture needle electrode
Authors: Chen Jiandan , Liu Hongying , Wang Chenwei , Fan Kai , Li Lihua , Zhang Yuqing , Fang Lu , Yin Zheng-Zhi , Lü Zhong
Published: April 2023

Combining the synergy between bimetallic Au–Cu NPs and MIPs, MIP/Au/Cu/ANE was fabricated by an electrochemical strategy. It exhibits satisfactory sensing abilities for CPZ,providing a novel approach for detecting the blood concentration of CPZ.
Stabilization of environmentally-friendly Cs2TiBr6 perovskite nanocrystals with SnBr4
Authors: Liga Shanti Maria , Wang Yongjie , Konstantatos Gerasimos
Published: April 2023

Cs2TiBr6 vacancy-ordered double perovskite suffers from instability in air. In this paper, we demonstrate a method to stabilize it using a post-synthetic treatment with SnBr4.
An HFIP-assisted, cobalt-catalyzed three-component electrophilic C–H amination/cyclization/directing group removal cascade to naphtho[1,2-d]imidazoles
Authors: Begam Hasina Mamataj , Pradhan Kangkan , Varalaxmi Kasarla , Jana Ranjan
Published: April 2023

A dramatic influence of hexafluoroisopropanol (HFIP) in cobalt-catalyzed electrophilic C–H amination/cyclization/directing group removal cascade to naphtho[1,2-d]imidazoles using paraformaldehyde as a C-1 synthon and picolinamide as a traceless DG.
Ultrabright blue-light-emitting cesium bromide quantum dots for white LEDs
Authors: Li Tianfeng , Qiao Mengdi , He Xingyi , Zhu Rui , Ran Xia , Wang Xiaojuan , Jia Yu , Guo Lijun
Published: April 2023

Ultrabright blue-emissive lead-free CsBr QDs with a PLQY of up to 92.0% were synthesized and applied in a white LED.
ComparativeS-adenosyl-l-methionine analogue generation for selective biocatalytic Friedel-Crafts alkylation
Authors: Hoffmann Arne , Schülke Kai H. , Hammer Stephan C. , Rentmeister Andrea , Cornelissen Nicolas V.
Published: April 2023

Comparison ofS-adenosyl-l-methionine (SAM) analogue generation by halide methyltransferase (HMT) and methionine adenosyltransferase (MAT) for methyltransferase catalysed alkylation.
Organocatalytic photoinduced carboamination of dienes
Authors: Yadav Arun , Sandha Sabhya , Tripathi Chandra Bhushan
Published: April 2023

A Brønsted acid-catalyzed photoinduced intermolecular alkylative isothiocyanation of conjugated dienes is reported. The optimized method does not require any exogenous photocatalyst or additives.
Four Zn(ii)-5-(2-carboxy-phenoxy)-1,3-benzenedicarboxylate coordination polymers induced by different N-ligands: synthesis, structure, and fluorescence detection for BPA and IMH
Authors: Zhang Kena , Wang Qiushuang , Gong Yuanyuan , Wang Nairong , Li Xia
Published: April 2023

Four Zn(ii) complexes were synthesized. Complex 1 detected BPA and IMH with low detection limits and short response time.
A π-stacking highly stable insensitive energetic inner salt and its insensitive energetic salts
Authors: Zhang Jinhao , Jin Zhiyuan , Xia Yunlong , Li Ying , Hao Wenjia , Guo Zhicheng , Wang Ying , Peng Rufang , Jin Bo
Published: April 2023

The energetic inner salts of π–π stacking and their energetic ionic salts show high thermal stability (Td ≥ 238 °C), insensitivity (FS ≥ 360 N, IS ≥ 40 J), and good detonation performance (D ≥ 7757 m s−1, P ≥ 24.1 GPa).
Ionic liquids as potential electrolytes for sodium-ion batteries: an overview
Authors: Domingues Leandro S. , de Melo Hercilio G. , Martins Vitor L.
Published: April 2023

In this perspective, we present an overview on the use of ionic liquids as electrolytes in sodium-ion batteries.
Universal correlation of the superconducting transition temperature with the linear-in-T coefficient, electron packing parameter, and the numbers of valence and conduction electrons
Authors: Hao Tian
Published: April 2023

A generic conductivity equation, developed in our previous work, is used to predict the universal superconducting transition temperature, Tc.
How the physical properties of bacterial porins match environmental conditions
Authors: Milenkovic Stefan , Wang Jiajun , Acosta-Gutierrez Silvia , Winterhalter Mathias , Ceccarelli Matteo , Bodrenko Igor V.
Published: April 2023

Despite the high homology of OmpF and OmpC, the internally folded loop responds differently to temperature increase.
A promoted PtFe/SiO2 catalyst with low Pt concentration for propane dehydrogenation
Authors: Luo Lei , Zeng Zekun , Zhou Tao , Luo Jun , Chen Xiaoheng , Li Xu , Yan Han , Zeng Jie
Published: April 2023

Small PtFe clusters with electron-rich Pt sites show great sintering-resistances and high stability for propane dehydrogenation. The propylene formation rate is 39.52 mol propylene per gram of Pt per hour with 99.9% selectivity for 60 h at a WHSV of 48 h−1.
Visible light-mediated metal-free alkyl Suzuki–Miyaura coupling of alkyl halides and alkenylboronic acids/esters: a green method for the synthesis of allyl difluoride derivatives
Authors: Qu Chuan-Hua , Yan Xiao , Li Shu-Ting , Liu Jian-Bo , Xu Zhi-Gang , Chen Zhong-Zhu , Tang Dian-Yong , Liu Huan-Xiang , Song Gui-Ting
Published: April 2023

Halogen bonding-assisted Csp3–Br homolysis and bromine radical-mediated oxidative deboronation make visible-light-driven photocatalyst-free alkyl Suzuki–Miyaura coupling of alkenylboronic acids/esters with α-bromodifluoroacylarenes accessible.
A parallel-beam wavelength-dispersive X-ray emission spectrometer for high energy resolution in-air micro-PIXE analysis
Authors: Isaković K. , Petric M. , Rajh A. , Rupnik Z. , Ribič M. , Bučar K. , Pelicon P. , Pongrac P. , Bočaj V. , Kavčič M.
Published: April 2023

A new parallel-beam wavelength dispersive (PB-WDS) X-ray emission spectrometer was constructed at the external proton beamline at the Microanalytical Centre of the Jožef Stefan Institute in Ljubljana.
Inhibitory effects of iron-based carbonaceous nanocomposites on mushroom tyrosinase activity: molecular aspects and mechanistic insights
Authors: de Barros Marcela Rodrigues , Menezes Thais Meira , Garcia Yarima Sanchez , Neves Jorge Luiz
Published: April 2023

Tyrosinase (Tyr) is a key enzyme in melanin biosynthesis, and its overexpression is related to several skin disorders, including melanomas and hyperpigmentation.
Electrocatalytic valorization of waste polyethylene furanoate (PEF) bioplastics for the production of formic acid and hydrogen energy
Authors: Ren Liwen , Yang Sen , Wang Jianying , Zhang Ting , Li Xin , Wang Tianfu , Zhao Yixin
Published: April 2023

Recovery of PEF by oxidation of EG with non-precious metal catalysts to obtain formic acid and hydrogen at a cathode is an important strategy for achieving sustainable development.
Mass transfer enhancement in electrochemical flow cells through 3D-printed biomimetic channels
Authors: García-López Inmaculada , Arenas Luis Fernando , Turek Thomas , Águeda Vicente Ismael , Garrido-Escudero Amalio
Published: April 2023

Biomimetic flow fields enhance mass transfer in electrochemical flow reactors.
Phase behaviour of mixtures of charged soft disks and spheres
Authors: Mazzilli Valerio , Satoh Katsuhiko , Saielli Giacomo
Published: April 2023

We have investigated the phase behaviour of mixtures of soft disks (Gay-Berne oblate ellipsoids, GB) and soft spheres (Lennard-Jones, LJ) with opposite charge as a model of ionic liquid crystals and colloidal suspensions.
Redox-site accessibility of composites containing a 2D redox-active covalent organic framework: from optimization to application
Authors: Günther Tyran , Oka Kouki , Olsson Sandra , Åhlén Michelle , Tohnai Norimitsu , Emanuelsson Rikard
Published: April 2023

A systematic method is presented which demonstrates how accessing more redox-active sites in a poorly conducting 2D COF can be done in a rational manner. An optimised and dramatically improved charge-storage composite was produced using this method.
Vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL)-based ultrafast photonic sintering of solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs): prospects for time-efficient/two-dimensional scalability to large-sized SOFCs
Authors: Kim Jaehwan , Rehman Saeed Ur , Lee Myeong-Ill , Hussain Amjad , Noh Youngsu , Oh Jiwon , Ku Wonseck , Kwak Na-Eui , Kim Do-Hyeong , Hwang Heesu , Yoon Hee-Sung , Park Seungho , Lee Seung-Bok , Hwang Jin-Ha
Published: April 2023

980 nm VCSEL illumination eliminates the organic additives and densifies the laminated multilayered SOFC NiO–YSZ|NiO–ScCeSZ|ScCeSZ|GDC|GDCscaffold in just 2.42 h compared to >100 h needed for the conventional thermal sintering process.
The biology and type I/III hybrid nature of type I-D CRISPR–Cas systems
Authors: McBride Tess M. , Cameron Shaharn C. , Fineran Peter C. , Fagerlund Robert D.
Published: April 2023

Prokaryotes have adaptive defence mechanisms that protect them from mobile genetic elements and viral infection. One defence mechanism is called CRISPR–Cas (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats and CRISPR-associated proteins). There are six different types of CRISPR–Cas systems and multiple subtypes that vary in composition and mode of action. Type I and III CRISPR–Cas systems utilise multi-protein complexes, which differ in structure, nucleic acid binding and cleaving preference. The type I-D system is a chimera of type I and III systems. Recently, there has been a burst of research on the type I-D CRISPR–Cas system. Here, we review the mechanism, evolution and biotechnological applications of the type I-D CRISPR–Cas system.
The emerging roles of autophagy in intestinal epithelial cells and its links to inflammatory bowel disease
Authors: Tran Sharon , Juliani Juliani , Fairlie W. Douglas , Lee Erinna F.
Published: April 2023

Landmark genome-wide association studies (GWAS) identified that mutations in autophagy genes correlated with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), a heterogenous disease characterised by prolonged inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract, that can reduce a person's quality of life. Autophagy, the delivery of intracellular components to the lysosome for degradation, is a critical cellular housekeeping process that removes damaged proteins and turns over organelles, recycling their amino acids and other constituents to supply cells with energy and necessary building blocks. This occurs under both basal and challenging conditions such as nutrient deprivation. An understanding of the relationship between autophagy, intestinal health and IBD aetiology has improved over time, with autophagy having a verified role in the intestinal epithelium and immune cells. Here, we discuss research that has led to an understanding that autophagy genes, including ATG16L, ATG5, ATG7, IRGM, and Class III PI3K complex members, contribute to innate immune defence in intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) via selective autophagy of bacteria (xenophagy), how autophagy contributes to the regulation of the intestinal barrier via cell junctional proteins, and the critical role of autophagy genes in intestinal epithelial secretory subpopulations, namely Paneth and goblet cells. We also discuss how intestinal stem cells can utilise autophagy. Importantly, mouse studies have provided evidence that autophagy deregulation has serious physiological consequences including IEC death and intestinal inflammation. Thus, autophagy is now established as a key regulator of intestinal homeostasis. Further research into how its cytoprotective mechanisms can prevent intestinal inflammation may provide insights into the effective management of IBD.
A high‐efficiency portable system for insulation condition assessment of wind farm inter‐array cables with double‐sided partial discharge detection and localisation
Authors: Yan Yuan , Zhao Yinsong , Zhao Kun , Trinchero Riccardo , Stievano Igor Simone , Li Hongjie
Published: April 2023

Partial discharge (PD) diagnosis is a crucial tool to assess the insulation condition of wind farm cables. Among PD diagnosis techniques, PD localisation is promising as it can provide target maintenance indicators on the insulation weak points of the cables. Accordingly, this paper developed a portable PD detection and location system for wind farm inter‐array cables. The system consists of two non‐invasive and lightweight testing units, which can be conveniently deployed on an energised cable, enabling highly efficient online PD diagnosis of the widely distributed inter‐array cables. The system achieves accurate PD localisation of the energised cable via an improved double‐sided travelling wave method. The method exhibits two superior features: the double‐sided testing units are accurately synchronised via the joint application of Global Position Systems and a pulse‐based interaction process, and a windowed phase difference method is proposed and integrated into the system to robustly estimate the time‐of‐arrival difference in low signal‐to‐noise ratio environment. Validation experiments were conducted on both a 10‐kV cable in the laboratory and a real 35‐kV cable in an on‐shore wind farm.
A power dispatch approach to enhance dynamic stability for incorporating a large scale PV farm into an isolated grid
Authors: Lin Chi Hsiang
Published: April 2023

Almost the majority of power dispatch strategies are based on the economic, energy‐efficient or environmental consideration. It has never been studied the effect of power dispatch on dynamic stability of turbine shafts torsional responses. A 9‐bus isolated grid is thus studied in the paper by focusing on such an effect by using the DIgSILENT PowerFactory. It is found the dynamic stability will be affected when a large scale photovoltaic (PV) farm is incorporated into an isolated system. When the system is operating under the low load situations, the traditional generators need to operate with a small rating factor to counterbalance the PV power. That might lead to the torsional modes of the traditional generators become unstable. The power dispatch thus becomes very important for maintaining the stability. Here, some of the commonly used power dispatch approaches have been studied to evaluate their effect on dynamic stability of turbine shafts torsional responses. A moderate dispatch approach then is proposed specifically for improving the torsional responses stability under the system low load situations.
Theoretical prerequisites for substantiating the parameters of a rotary ripper for interrow potato cultivation
Authors: Pervushin Vladimir , Salimzyanov Marat , Ivanov Alexey , Kostin Alexander , Shklyaev Konstantin
Published: April 2023

The article is devoted to the study of the process of interaction of the rotary ripper’s working bodies with the soil. The classification of rotary machines and implements according to the energy transmitted to the working body and the location of the rotation axis is outlined. The article notes that the main characteristics of the rotor work body motion are the trajectory type, the magnitude and direction of velocity of its most characteristic point, and in some cases, the magnitude and direction of acceleration. The article presents the results of theoretical research in the field of kinematics of interaction of rotary working tools with the soil. The design of the rotary ripper is presented and the description of the trajectory of its working bodies is made, the value of movement of the scraper plate in the contact area with the soil is established. We analyzed the segment of the path from the beginning of contact with the soil (the beginning of dragging the surface layer of soil) and the end of contact (the end of dragging the surface layer of soil), on the line of which weed combing, loosening and destruction of soil crust occurs.
Productivity, biochemical composition and nutritional value of trigonella foenum-graecum green mass depending on seeding rates
Authors: Kondratenko Ekaterina , Zinkevich Elena , Soboleva Olga
Published: April 2023

The article gives a description of a new culture for the southeast of Western Siberia, which can become one of the valuable sources of obtaining high-quality feed. The nutritional and energy value, biochemical composition in terms of the content of organic substances and mineral elements (calcium and phosphorus) of the dry mass are considered. The yield of green mass, the elements of its structure are shown. The research results indicate that Trigonella foenum-graecum grown in the conditions of the southeast of Western Siberia has a high nutritional and energy value of green mass. Reliable differences in the yield of green mass were revealed on average depending on the seeding rates. The maximum crop yield was obtained when sowing at a rate of 2 million/ha. The seeding rate of 3 million/ha ensured the maximum nutritional value of the dry matter.
Development of technologies for the production of innovative phytobiotic and adaptogenic additives for animal nutrition
Authors: Ermolaev Vladimir
Published: April 2023

The positive effects of phytogens on the growth, health, immunity and productivity of animals have been proven and they are often used in the form of essential oils and herbal extracts. There is evidence supporting the ability of phytogenic compounds, including extracts from alfalfa seeds, herbs, and essential oils, to influence the digestive system. We propose to study the innovative phytobiotic (Orthília secúnda) and adaptogenic (Velvet antlers) additives for animal nutrition. In this article we use a completely new technology of vacuum drying, which will allow phyto-additives to preserve all beneficial biological properties and be included in the diet of animals immediately after drying. Our new technology of vacuum drying will increase the shelf life of the supplemental product and receive the additives with predictable chemical composition and properties.
World trends in the creation of robots for spraying crops
Authors: Bykov Sergey
Published: April 2023

The article is devoted to the problem of identifying global trends in the development of robotic sprayers for crop processing. The author distinguishes three groups of spraying robots depending on the area of application. The first group is characterized by the use of technical vision and computer learning technologies for recognition and selective spraying of weeds, the use of spot treatment systems with a micro dose of chemicals, the development of robots with a certain level of versatility, which makes it possible to perform other field works in addition to spraying. The second group is characterized by the installation of high-performance spraying equipment, the use of universal spraying devices to ensure the processing of plants of various heights, the use of laser sensors, gyroscopes, wheel and steering sensors to adjust the movement of the robot in real time. The installation of deployed video surveillance systems on the robot to control movement machine and the quality of the work process is also feature of this group. The third group is characterized by a high degree of automation of all work processes, the installation of a wide range of additional equipment for monitoring the current state of plants and soil, air parameters and illumination.
The effect of dry cranberry meal extract on the adaptive ability of calves of Holstein black-and-white breed
Authors: Afanaseva Antonina , Sarychev Vladislav , Smeyan Daniella
Published: April 2023

Due to the imperfection of industrial technology, stress is the most important factor reducing productive potential of young animals. One of the ways to cope with stress is to increase adaptive abilities and resistance of the body to adverse factors. It can be achieved by optimizing metabolism, in particular, with the introduction of biologically active substances of plant origin. One of these substances is ursolic acid, which is contained in large quantities in cranberry meal extract. In this regard, the aim of the research was to study the effect of different doses of dry cranberry meal extract (containing 40% ursolic acid) on the metabolic status and growth indicators of calves of Holstein black-and-white breed.
The impact of factors on GDP in Kyrgyzstan
Authors: Zheirenova Azima , Ismailova Nagima , Isaeva Dzhyldyzkan , Sulaimanova Ainura
Published: April 2023

The purpose of the article is to show the negative impact of the COVID-19 on GDP (Gross Domestic Product) growth in Kyrgyzstan. The research methodology is based on the works of domestic scientists and information and analytical reviews regarding GDP in Kyrgyzstan. An analysis was made of GDP growth after the country′s accession to the EAEU (Eurasion Economic Union). Our country sought to join this union, and as it turned out, not in vain. The positive results from the performance in the EAEU are shown, especially for such a macroeconomic indicator as GDP. The negative impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on GDP in Kyrgyzstan and in other countries has been revealed. The consequences of the pandemic have been devastating for almost all countries. An analysis was made of the decline in GDP during the pandemic in Kyrgyzstan. Measures are given to ensure positive dynamics of the economic growth, such as the creation of favorable conditions for entrepreneurship; improving the business and stimulating investment activity; creating conditions for increasing productivity in the real sector of the economy; strengthening foreign trade relations and developing the domestic market. The obtained scientific results can be used in the program to improve the economic situation in the country.
Spread of arthropod-borne infections in Kyrgyzstan
Authors: Aknazarov Bekbolsun , Jetigenov Elmurat , Atabekova Nurzina , Suerkulov Ularbek , Abdumanap Nur
Published: April 2023

The article presents the results of studying the spread of ticks carrying blood parasitic diseases, as well as species of arthropod-borne infections, which were registered among animals in Kyrgyzstan. For research, the material was ticks that parasitize animals, and the blood of sick animals. In total, 6 types of ticks were identified that were carriers of such diseases as: anaplasmosis, babesiosis, theileriosis, nuttaliosis, hemobartonellosis and ehrlichiosis. The work showed a fairly high incidence of blood parasitic diseases among pets. At the same time, it was determined which diseases on which types of ticks circulate on the territory of Kyrgyzstan, and they turned out to be: Dermacentor marginatus, Rhipicephalus turanicus, Rhipicephalus sanguineus, Hemophysalis punctate, Hyalomma scupense, Hyalomma marginatum.
Analysis of the effectiveness of change in innovative ecosystems
Authors: Usenko Lyudmila , Guzey Victoriya , Usenko Anastasia
Published: April 2023

This study presents the results of the study of the effectiveness of changes within the framework of innovation ecosystems. Based on the authors' analytical studies of the historical aspects of the development of different-level innovation ecosystems, identifying opportunities for scientific approaches in the development of managerial innovations, systemic evaluation of the competitiveness of changes implemented in the context of innovation ecosystems, the task of forming a model of an aggregate integral indicator that characterizes the competitiveness of changes of managerial nature, within ecosystems was formulated and solved. As a result of the conducted scientific research the necessity of analysis and assessment of efficiency of managerial changes was substantiated, the essence of efficiency of functioning of ecosystems management was revealed and characterized, the formula determining the dependence of competitiveness of ecosystems management on the achieved level of its competitive advantages was developed. The main outcome of this study is the conclusion that the degree of effectiveness of managerial changes, within the ecosystem under study, is directly dependent on the state of the internal environment of the innovation ecosystem under study, as well as its external environment.
The decoupling estimation effect as an indicator of the efficient use of natural capital in the agrifood in the southern geographical area of the Russian Federation
Authors: Polyakov Vyacheslav
Published: April 2023

In the process of studying the issues of ecological and economic interaction, the so-called “decoupling” is increasingly becoming one of the defining concepts. Decoupling implies the elimination of the contradiction between the possibilities of ensuring economic growth and reducing the level of environmental impact. The most significant field of economic activity is an agrifood production. In the scope of reducing the consumption of natural resources, achieving the decoupling effect is fundamentally essential. In this regard, the paper based on the author’s methodological approach assesses the level of resource decoupling in the agrifood in the southern geographical area. Effectively, the obtained calculations propose to show a direct ratio between the level of resource decoupling and the agrifood efficiency at the regional level. The introduction of innovative nature-like technologies describes as one of the most considerable fields in agrifood development, which determines the accomplishment of the decoupling effect. Such technologies allow within the framework of technical systems and used technologies to reproduce the processes that occur in the natural environment.
Sources of synergy in state budget digitalization of the Kyrgyz Republic
Authors: Temirov Nazar , Alybaev Zhapar , Sulaymanova Baktygul
Published: April 2023

The course towards the “digitalization” of the state’s entire economy which implies a comprehensive coverage with penetration into economic activity and the digital technology system is currently the main course of the post-industrial society. The processes of digitalization and transparency of budgetary relations aim to address issues related to the efficiency of budget spending and the optimal functioning of the state apparatus. Transparency of the given processes helps to reduce transaction costs, tackle corrupt practices and contribute to saving budgetary and other resources. Thus, digitalization of the state budget significantly increases the economic effect as a result of the sharing of individual elements of the system. The expected positive results in the digitalization of budgetary processes in the Kyrgyz Republic are classified as follows: savings on material costs; ensuring a minimum space in the functioning of public finances; reduction of time losses in obtaining, processing, storing and transmitting the relevant data; increasing the adoption of high-quality management decisions; EDS owner identification, etc. Therefore, the action of all these positive elements will become a source of a synergy effect in the process of the state budget digitalization.
Possibilities of the design structure matrix for planning and system analysis of complex engineering systems
Authors: Leontiev Nikolay , Samarov Dmitry , Fevralev Vladislav , Nikonova Irina , Tyulenev Roman
Published: April 2023

The concept of complex engineering objects is closely connected with approaches, methods, management tools for such objects. Modern approaches are based on project management, i.e. on the management of a unique, temporary, multidisciplinary and organized effort aimed at obtaining a consistent final result within predetermined requirements and constraints. The article considers one of the promising methods for building and analyzing the dependency structure of a project, allowing the user to model, visualize and analyze dependencies between objects of any system and receive suggestions for improving or synthesizing the system. Such a system can be, for example, the architecture of a product or an engineering design process, as well as, the organization of an enterprise or a market formed as a complex system and often requires a closer study of its structure. The article describes the significance of the method, its advantages and disadvantages. Examples of the method implementation in design and construction, as well as in IT.
A path-following interior-point algorithm for monotone LCP based on a modified Newton search direction
Authors: Grimes Welid , Achache Mohamed
Published: April 2023

In this paper, we propose a short-step feasible full-Newton step path-following interior-point algorithm (IPA) for monotone linear complementarity problems (LCPs). The proposed IPA uses the technique of algebraic equivalent transformation (AET) induced by an univariate function to transform the centering equations which defines the central-path. By applying Newton’s method to the modified system of the central-path of LCP, a new Newton search direction is obtained. Under new appropriate defaults of the thresholdτwhich defines the size of the neighborhood of the central-path and ofθwhich determines the decrease in the barrier parameter, we prove that the IPA is well-defined and converges locally quadratically to a solution of the monotone LCPs. Moreover, we derive its iteration bound, namely,O(√nlogn\ϵ) which coincides with the best-known iteration bound for such algorithms. Finally, some numerical results are presented to show its efficiency.
Vergleich des Sprachverstehens unter Berücksichtigung der genauen Elektrodenposition (SRA/MRA/CA)
Authors: Roßberg Caroline , Timm Max , Roßberg Willi , Kludt Eugen , Bronzlik Paul , Lesinski-Schiedat Anke , Büchner Andreas , Lenarz Thomas
Published: April 2023

Die Cochlea-Implantation ist ein seit Jahren routinemäßig durchgeführtes Verfahren zur Hörrehabilitation. Trotzdem sind noch nicht alle Parameter bekannt, welche das Sprachverstehen nach der Implantation beeinflussen. Wir prüfen die Hypothese, ob ein Zusammenhang zwischen dem Sprachverstehen und der Position verschiedener Elektrodentypen im Bezug zum Modiolus in der Cochlea bei identischem Sprachprozessor besteht. Hierfür stellen wir in dieser retrospektiven Studie die Hörergebnisse mit unterschiedlichen Elektrodentypen („Straight Research Array“ [SRA], „Modiolar Research Array“ [MRA] und „Contour Advance“ [CA]) des Herstellers Cochlear in matched pair groups gegenüber.

Nach Erstellung von 3 Gruppen durch „matched pairs“ (n=52 Patienten pro Gruppe) erfolgte die Ausmessung der cochleären Parameter (Länge der Außenwand, Einführungswinkel, Insertionstiefe, cochleäre Coverage und Gesamtlänge der Elektrode in der Cochlea, Wrapping Factor) in der routinemäßig durchgeführten prä- und postoperativen hochauflösenden CT oder DVT. Als Zielvariable wurde das Freiburger Einsilberverstehen ein Jahr nach der Implantation verwendet.

Im Freiburger Einsilbertest ein Jahr postoperativ kamen die Patienten mit MRA auf 51,2%, die Patienten mit SRA auf 49,5% und die Patienten mit CA auf 58,0% Einsilberverstehen. Es konnte gezeigt werden, dass bei steigender cochleärer Coverage bei der MRA und CA das Sprachverstehen der Patienten sinkt und es bei der SRA steigt. Zusätzlich konnte gezeigt werden, dass bei steigendem „Wrapping Factor“ das Einsilberverstehen steigt.

Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass die Lage der Elektrode zum Modiolus nicht der einzige Faktor ist, der Unterschiede im Outcome nach Cochlear-Implantation erklärt.
Are Low Weight or Cardiopathy Contraindications for Thoracoscopic Repair of Esophageal Atresia with Tracheoesophageal Fistula?
Authors: Cadaval Carlos , Molino José Andrés , Guillén Gabriela , López Fernández Sergio , Hierro Carmen López , Martos Rodríguez Marta , Khan Haider Ali , Vilardell Elena , Andreu Eva , Ruiz César W. , López Manuel
Published: April 2023

Background Thoracoscopic repair of esophageal atresia (EA) with tracheoesophageal fistula (TEF) is becoming an increasingly widespread technique; there is still controversy about its indication in certain patients. Our objective is to analyze if potential risk factors such as major congenital heart disease (CHD) or low birth weight (LBW) are a limitation to this approach.

Methods Retrospective study (2017–2021) of patients with EA and distal TEF who underwent thoracoscopic repair were included. Patients with LBW less than 2,000 g or major CHD were compared with the rest.

Results Twenty-five patients underwent thoracoscopic surgery. Nine patients (36%) had major CHD. Five of them (20%) were LBW less than 2,000 g, and only 8% (2/25) presented both risk factors. There were no differences in terms of operative time, conversion rate, tolerance evaluated with gasometric parameters (pO2, pCO2, pH) or complications (anastomotic leak and stricture, both early or during follow-up) in patients with major CHD and LBW (1,473 ± 319 vs. 2,664 ± 402 g). One conversion to thoracotomy was performed in a neonate weighing 1,050 g due to anesthetic intolerance. There was no recurrence of TEF. One patient died at the age of 9 months, due to major uncorrectable heart disease.

Conclusion Thoracoscopic repair of EA/TEF is feasible technique in patients with CHD or LBW, with similar results to other patients. The complexity of this technique warrants individualizing the indication in each case.

Level of Evidence IV.