bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Improved XLNet modeling for Chinese named entity recognition of edible fungus
Authors: Yu Helong , Wang Chenxi , Xue Mingxuan
Published: June 2024

Introduction

The diversity of edible fungus species and the extent of mycological knowledge pose significant challenges to the research, cultivation, and popularization of edible fungus. To tackle this challenge, there is an urgent need for a rapid and accurate method of acquiring relevant information. The emergence of question and answer (Q&A) systems has the potential to solve this problem. Named entity recognition (NER) provides the basis for building an intelligent Q&A system for edible fungus. In the field of edible fungus, there is a lack of a publicly available Chinese corpus suitable for use in NER, and conventional methods struggle to capture long-distance dependencies in the NER process.

Methods

This paper describes the establishment of a Chinese corpus in the field of edible fungus and introduces an NER method for edible fungus information based on XLNet and conditional random fields (CRFs). Our approach combines an iterated dilated convolutional neural network (IDCNN) with a CRF. First, leveraging the XLNet model as the foundation, an IDCNN layer is introduced. This layer addresses the limited capacity to capture features across utterances by extending the receptive field of the convolutional kernel. The output of the IDCNN layer is input to the CRF layer, which mitigates any labeling logic errors, resulting in the globally optimal labels for the NER task relating to edible fungus.

Results

Experimental results show that the precision achieved by the proposed model reaches 0.971, with a recall of 0.986 and an F1-score of 0.979.

Discussion

The proposed model outperforms existing approaches in terms of these evaluation metrics, effectively recognizing entities related to edible fungus information and offering methodological support for the construction of knowledge graphs.
The relationship between boredom proneness, the behavioral inhibition system, and anxiety in college students: variable-centered and person-centered analytic approaches
Authors: Zhao Mengmeng , Wang Ruixin , Zhao Zhenyu , Li Lina , Luo Hongge , Wu Lei
Published: June 2024

Objective

To explore the relationship among boredom proneness, the behavioral inhibition system, and anxiety among college students based on variable-centered and person-centered analytic approaches.

Methods

A questionnaire survey was conducted on 1,102 college students from a university in Hebei Province using the Boredom Proneness Questionnaire (BPQ) for College Students, the Behavioral Inhibition System Scale (BIS), and the General Anxiety Disorder-7 scale (GAD-7).

Results

The results reveal that boredom proneness was negatively correlated with scores on the behavioral inhibition system (r = −0.100, p < 0.01), and positively correlated with anxiety (r = 0.457, p < 0.001), while the behavioral inhibition system was positively correlated with anxiety (r = 0.086, p < 0.01). In the variable-centered analyses study, it was found that the behavioral inhibition system partially mediated the association between boredom proneness and anxiety. In the person-centered analyses study, three subtypes were identified: the high boredom-low inhibition group (9.35%), the moderate boredom-inhibition group (66.70%), and the low boredom-high inhibition group (23.95%). Individuals in these subtypes showed significant differences in anxiety scores (F = 4.538, p < 0.05), with the low boredom-high inhibition group scoring the highest.

Conclusion

The results showed that the behavioral inhibition system partially mediates the relationship between boredom proneness and anxiety in college students; boredom proneness and the behavioral inhibition system exhibit group heterogeneity, with distinct classification features closely related to anxiety.
Towards effective screening for paternal perinatal mental illness: a meta-review of instruments and research gaps
Authors: Schöch Philipp , Hölzle Laura , Lampe Astrid , Hörtnagl Christine , Zechmeister-Koss Ingrid , Buchheim Anna , Paul Jean Lillian
Published: June 2024

Background

Paternal perinatal mental illness (PPMI), which affects around one in 10 fathers, is under-recognised despite increasing awareness of men’s mental health in the perinatal period. Social stigma and men’s reluctance to seek help exacerbate this gap. Neglecting the mental health needs of new fathers not only puts them at increased risk for mental illness themselves, but also has a profound and long-lasting impact on their families, children and their own self-esteem as they navigate their new role in the family dynamic.

Objective

This meta-review systematically identifies instruments assessing PPMI symptoms, evaluates their psychometric properties and applicability, presents key findings from studies using these tools, and identifies gaps and limitations in the literature on PPMI symptom assessment.

Methods

A systematic literature review was conducted using search strategies applied to PubMed, PsycNet APA, Cochrane, and Web of Science, supplemented by hand searches. Relevant information was extracted from each included study. Extracted data were analysed narratively to address the research questions.

Results

Findings identified limitations and gaps in current screening practices. While the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) is the most widely used screening tool for both fathers and mothers, it inadequately captures atypical depressive symptoms in men. Cutoff scores lack consensus, and instrument sensitivity varies significantly due to cultural and sociodemographic factors. A number of other screening tools have been identified, most of which are more general and not specifically designed for perinatal mental health.

Conclusion

This meta-review broadens perspectives on PPMI screening instruments, highlighting key themes, patterns, and differences across the included reviews. While a variety of screening tools are used, the review underscores the necessity for tools specifically tailored to fathers during the perinatal period.
Analyzing the European institutional response to ethical and regulatory challenges of artificial intelligence in addressing discriminatory bias
Authors: Cerezo-Martínez Pablo , Nicolás-Sánchez Alejandro , Castro-Toledo Francisco J.
Published: June 2024

The European Union and some of its institutions have taken significant steps to address the challenges posed by the development and use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in various contexts. The ubiquity of AI applications in everyday life, affecting both citizens and professionals, has made AI a common topic of discussion. However, as is evident from the documents analyzed here, concerns have been raised about the possible negative social consequences of AI, in particular discriminatory bias, making it a particularly relevant issue if people-centred, rights-based AI is to be implemented. This article aims to examine the challenges of defining, identifying and mitigating discriminatory bias in AI systems from two perspectives: (1) to conduct an ethical and normative review of European Commission documents from the last 8 years (from GDPR to AI Act regulation); and (2) to expose recommendations for key stakeholders, including designers, end-users and public authorities, to minimize/mitigate this risk. The document review was carried out on 21 EU regulatory and ethical guidelines in the field of AI, from which 152 measures were extracted, differentiated between design, governance and organizational measures. It has also been observed that there is no clear conceptual framework on the issue at the European level, showing a clear problem in providing definitions of algorithmic bias and discrimination, but not in assessing their potential negative impact on individuals. Secondly, these gaps may affect the concreteness and detail of the possible mitigation/minimization measures proposed and, subsequently, their application in different contexts. Finally, the last section of this paper presents a brief discussion and conclusions on possible issues related to the implementation of the measures extracted and certain limitations of the study.
Exploring urban spatial heterogeneity and socio-environmental attributes of household greenhouse gas emissions
Authors: Yan Ningyu , Xu Lilai , Liu Gengyuan , Cui Shenghui
Published: June 2024

Understanding urban spatial heterogeneity of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from sectoral household consumption is crucial to facilitate moves towards low-carbon cities. In this study, we use Xiamen city of China as a case study to reveal the emission characteristics of household GHG as well as spatial heterogeneity. We conducted a face-to-face questionnaire survey and calculated GHG emissions of districts from household energy consumption, food consumption, transportation, housing, household waste and wastewater treatment. The GHG emissions and the amount of urban residential household consumption shows obvious spatial heterogeneity across districts. Total GHG emissions of Xiamen city were 8.39 Mt. CO2e, and average household and per capita of GHG emissions were 8.11 and 2.72 tCO2e, respectively. While total GHG emissions vary from 0.41 to 2.45 Mt. CO2e across six districts and range from 0.16 to 3.39 Mt. CO2e among six sectors. Household GHG emissions differ from 7.08 to 9.40 tCO2e, while the per capita emissions range between 2.41 to 3.14 tCO2e among districts. Results also showed that more urbanized areas with higher population density have larger total urban residential GHG emissions, whereas household emissions were comparatively lower in these areas. In contrast, our study did not show an (inverted-) U relationship or linear relationship between emissions and population, nor between emissions and income level. Household energy use is the largest sector emitting GHGs. These findings will be useful to underpin policy making towards low-carbon cities.
Differences in anthropometric and vertical jump force-time characteristics between U16 and U18 female basketball players
Authors: Cabarkapa Dimitrije , Cabarkapa Damjana V. , Nagy Dora , Szabo Kenza , Balogh Laszlo , Safar Sandor , Ratgeber Laszlo
Published: June 2024

Considering the importance of body composition and lower-body strength and power for basketball players' on-court performance, as well as a lack of sports science research focused on female athletes, the purpose of the present investigation was to record the anthropometric and countermovement vertical jump (CMJ) characteristics of top-tier U16 and U18 female basketball players and examine between-group differences in the aforementioned tests. Thirty-two athletes who were a part of the national basketball academy volunteered to participate in the present investigation. Following the body composition assessment conducted via a segmental multifrequency bioimpedance analyzer, athletes performed three CMJs while standing on a force plate system sampling at 1000 Hz. Independent t-test and Mann-Whitney U-test were used to examine between-group differences. The findings reveal significant differences in body composition and lower-body neuromuscular performance characteristics between female basketball players ages 16 and 18. Although no differences were observed in muscle and body fat percentages, the U18 group had significantly greater height, overall body mass (both muscle and fat mass), as well as greater segmental fat-free mass (trunk, both legs and arms), intracellular and extracellular water, and body mass index when compared to their U16 counterparts. On the other hand, the U18 group demonstrated longer eccentric, concentric, and braking phase duration, as well as overall contraction time when compared to the U16 players. In addition, the U18 athletes exhibited higher eccentric mean force and power, concentric impulse, peak power, and mean and peak force.
Impact of glyphosate on the rhizosphere microbial communities of a double-transgenic maize line D105
Authors: Wang Guihua , Yang Shuqian , Feng Shilin , Zhao Guofen , He Xiaoyong , Han Xiaodong
Published: June 2024

Plant roots shape the rhizosphere microbiome, recruiting microbes with beneficial functions. While genetically engineered crops offer yield advantages, their impacts on rhizosphere microbial communities remain understudied. This study evaluated the effects of transgenic maize, alongside a non-transgenic counterpart, on rhizosphere bacterial and fungal community composition using 16S rRNA and ITS amplicon sequencing. Additionally, glyphosate was used to evaluate its impact on microbial assembly and the magnitude of its effect at various maize growth stages. The results showed that transgenic maize D105 line significantly increased bacterial alpha diversity but not fungal diversity. Beta diversity analysis showed clear separation between bacterial and fungal communities at higher glyphosate treatment. Specific bacterial taxa such as Pseudomonas and Sphingomonas were enriched, while fungal taxa such as Ascomycota, Lasiosphaeriaceae, Verticillium were differentially abundant in glyphosate treatments. LEfSe analysis identified distinct enrichment patterns of bacterial (Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria) and fungal taxa (Verticillium and Guehomyces) associated with the transgenic line and glyphosate levels. KEGG functional analysis suggested potential impacts on bacterial metabolic pathways and shifts in fungal trophic modes (saprotrophs, pathogens) within the rhizosphere microbiome. This research provides insights into the classification, functional relationships, and underlying mechanisms shaping microbial communities carrying insect resistance and glyphosate resistance traits.
Baseline health parameters of rhinoceros auklets (Cerorhinca monocerata) using serum protein electrophoresis, acute phase proteins, and biochemistry
Authors: Lee Lisa K. F. , Hipfner J. Mark , Frankfurter Greg , Cray Carolyn , Pearson Scott F. , Fiorello Christine , Clyde Nikolas M. T. , Hudson Sarah A. , Parker Sarah E. , Stallknecht David E. , Furst Emmanuelle , Haman Katherine H.
Published: June 2024

Clinical metrics of baseline health in sentinel seabird species can offer insight into marine ecosystem dynamics, individual and population health, and assist in wildlife rehabilitation and conservation efforts. Protein electrophoresis is useful for detecting changes in acute phase proteins and immunoglobulin levels that may indicate subtle inflammatory responses and/or infectious disease. Serum biochemistry can highlight nutritional status, metabolic derangements, and organ injury and function. However, baseline values for such health parameters are largely unknown for many seabird species. Therefore, the objective of this study is to establish baseline clinical health reference intervals for serum protein electrophoresis, acute phase proteins including serum amyloid A and haptoglobin, and biochemistry parameters in the rhinoceros auklet (Cerorhinca monocerata), a key sentinel species in the North Pacific. From 2013 to 2019, 178 wild, apparently healthy breeding adult rhinoceros auklets were captured across four breeding colonies in British Columbia, Canada (Lucy Island, Pine Island, Triangle Islands, and SGang Gwaay) and from one colony in Washington, United States (Protection Island). Reference intervals were calculated for protein electrophoresis fractions and acute phase proteins (n = 163), and serum biochemistry (n = 35) following established guidelines by the American Society of Veterinary Clinical Pathology. Animals were also assessed for the presence of antibodies to the influenza A virus. Approximately 48% (70/147) of sampled birds were seropositive for influenza A virus, with a prevalence of 50% (6/12) in 2013, 75% (47/63) in 2014, and 24% (17/72) in 2019. This work provides clinical baseline health metrics of a key North Pacific sentinel species to help inform marine ecosystem monitoring, recovery, and rehabilitation efforts in the Pacific Northwest.
Amorphous calcium carbonate as a novel potential treatment for osteoarthritis in dogs: a pilot clinical study
Authors: Sarig-Rapaport Hadas , Krupnik Sigal , Rowan Tim G.
Published: June 2024

Background

Amorphous calcium carbonate (ACC) is a potential new treatment for canine osteoarthritis (OA) with novel mechanisms based on local pH modulation and targeting bone remodeling, inflammation, and pain. The aim of this pilot exploratory clinical study was to obtain initial data on the potential efficacy and safety of ACC in OA dogs and to determine if further investigation was appropriate using similar assessment methods.

Materials and methods

In this prospective, randomized, double-blind, controlled pilot study, 41 client-owned dogs were allocated in a 2:1 ratio to ACC: placebo given orally for 56 days. Efficacy assessments included improvements in pain and mobility using owner questionnaires [Canine Brief Pain Inventory (CBPI), Client Specific Outcome Measure (CSOM), and Veterinary Orthopedic Scores (VOS)]. Safety in the study population was monitored by veterinary examinations, clinical pathology, and adverse events.

Results

Fifty-three dogs were screened, of which 41 enrolled and served for the safety assessment. Thirty-six dogs were found evaluable for initial efficacy assessment. Three dogs given placebo (21.4%) and one given ACC (4.5%) were removed before day 56 due to owner-perceived pain and were considered treatment failures. There were no serious adverse events or clinically significant treatment-related effects in the study. Overall, ACC was found safe in the small study population. On day 56, proportionally more ACC than placebo dogs were treatment successes based on CBPI (45.5% vs. 21.4%) and CSOM (63.6% vs. 30.8%, respectively); however, these differences were not statistically significant (p = 0.15 and 0.06, respectively). On day 56, within the ACC group but not the placebo group, the CBPI, CSOM, and VOS assessments were lower compared to day 0 and day 14 (p < 0.05).

Limitations

The relatively small number of dogs limited the statistical power of the pilot study in evaluating the efficacy and safety of ACC.

Conclusion

Study results support the conduct of larger, appropriately powered studies using similar assessments to confirm whether ACC may be a safe and effective treatment for OA in dogs.
Google trends as an early indicator of African swine fever outbreaks in Southeast Asia
Authors: Hsu Chia-Hui , Yang Chih-Hsuan , Perez Andres M.
Published: June 2024

African Swine Fever (ASF) is a reportable disease of swine that causes far-reaching losses to affected countries and regions. Early detection is critically important to contain and mitigate the impact of ASF outbreaks, for which timely available data is essential. This research examines the potential use of Google Trends data as an early indicator of ASF outbreaks in Southeast Asia, focusing on the three largest swine producing countries, namely, Vietnam, the Philippines, and Thailand. Cross-correlation and Kullback–Leibler (KL) divergence indicators were used to evaluate the association between Google search trends and the number of ASF outbreaks reported. Our analysis indicate strong and moderate correlations between Google search trends and number of ASF outbreaks reported in Vietnam and the Philippines, respectively. In contrast, Thailand, the country of this group in which outbreaks were reported last, exhibits the weakest correlation (KL = 2.64), highlighting variations in public awareness and disease dynamics. These findings suggest that Google search trends are valuable for early detection of ASF. As the disease becomes endemic, integrating trends with other epidemiological data may support the design and implementation of surveillance strategies for transboundary animal diseases in Southeast Asia.
Speech and Language Therapy, The Judicial System and Pakistan
Authors: Butt Ayesha Kamal , Quaye Michelle
Published: June 2024

The editorial aims to shed light on a novel model of intervention that is currently not being addressed in Pakistan. Although the Juvenile Justice System Act of 2000 aims to empower the State in making special provisions for the legal protection of young offenders, there remains no speech and language therapy provision for assessment and intervention of speech, language and communication difficulties in those individuals who may be at risk of being prosecuted as a consequence of their inability to understand the legal system, terminology or the outcomes of the process. They are deprived of their basic human right. The editorial summarizes the challenges and presents solutions to facilitate the provision of speech therapy services.
Frequency of urinary incontinence in post-partum multiparous women
Authors: Tasneem Sharjeel , Latif Danish , Shaheen Hafiza Warda , Saeed Muneeba , Javaid Abdullah , Munir Alisha
Published: June 2024

Background: Urinary incontinence (UI) is a widespread condition of uncontrollable urine leakage that has been strongly linked to natural delivery problem impacting one's wellbeing and quality of life.
Objective: The objective of study was to determine frequency of urinary incontinence in postpartum multiparous women in Karachi.
Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study by using non-probability convenient sampling technique was conducted at different hospitals of Karachi in a duration of seven months, June 2020 to December 2020. A total of 267 women aged between 18 to 40 years, undergoing postpartum period after normal deliveries in last one year were included in the study. Ethical permission was taken from the Institutional review board of Hayat Institute of Rehabilitation Medicine. A consent form in their native language was taken before recruiting into the study. They were asked to fill the questionnaire Bristol Female Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms (BFLUTS). Data entry and analysis was done through SPSS version 26 and descriptive analysis was done. Data was presented in frequency and percentages, however, demographic information was presented in mean and standard deviation.
Results: A total of 267 women were recruited, the mean ±SD of age in years was 30.6 ±5.087 while all women were housewives. Females experienced symptoms like urgency 13.48%, bladder pain occasionally at 80.15%, and frequent visits to the toilet to urinate 41.2%. The current study discloses that 61.16% experienced urinary incontinence.
Conclusion: This study concludes that urinary incontinence is moderately found in postpartum multiparous women.
Joint Concern over Battery Health and Thermal Degradation in the Cruise Control of Intelligently Connected Electric Vehicles Using a Model-Assisted DRL Approach
Authors: Cheng Xiangheng , Chen Xin
Published: June 2024

Eco-driving aims to enhance vehicle efficiency by optimizing speed profiles and driving patterns. However, ensuring safe following distances during eco-driving can lead to excessive use of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), causing accelerated battery wear and potential safety concerns. This study addresses this issue by proposing a novel, multi-physics-constrained cruise control strategy for intelligently connected electric vehicles (EVs) using deep reinforcement learning (DRL). Integrating a DRL framework with an electrothermal model to estimate unmeasurable states, this strategy simultaneously manages battery degradation and thermal safety while maintaining safe following distances. Results from hardware-in-the-loop simulation testing demonstrated that this approach reduced overall driving costs by 18.72%, decreased battery temperatures by 4 °C to 8 °C in high-temperature environments, and reduced state-of-health (SOH) degradation by up to 46.43%. These findings highlight the strategy’s superiority in convergence efficiency, battery thermal safety, and cost reduction compared to existing methods. This research contributes to the advancement of eco-driving practices, ensuring both vehicle efficiency and battery longevity.
The Effects of Different Combinations of Cattle Organic Soil Amendments and Copper on Lettuce (cv. Rufus) Plant Growth
Authors: De Carolis Chiara , Iori Valentina , Narciso Alessandra , Gentile Davide , Casentini Barbara , Pietrini Fabrizio , Grenni Paola , Barra Caracciolo Anna , Iannelli M. Adelaide
Published: June 2024

In modern agricultural production, cattle manure waste recovery is considered as a sustainable approach to agricultural waste management, reducing environmental pollution and chemical fertilizer use. This study aimed to investigate the effects of manure and digestate derived from a pilot-scale livestock waste-recycling system, in combination with a low copper concentration as a fungicide, on the physiological response of lettuce cv Rufus (Lactuca sativa L.) plants and the associated soil microbiome. A five-week microcosm experiment was conducted in a greenhouse under environmental conditions. Lettuce plant performance was assessed in terms of biomass, leaf area index, photosynthetic activity, chlorophyll measurements, lipid peroxidation, total phenolic content, and nutrient uptake. The results suggested that incorporating digestate into the potting soil mix significantly enhanced crop yields compared to the control and manure treatments. The soil microbial activity increased in the presence of fertilizers, improving the soil chemical and biological properties. The addition of copper negatively affected the growth and physiological performance of the lettuce plants under both the control and manure-treated conditions, except for those grown in the presence of digestate, where copper accumulation was reduced. These findings highlight the potential of growing horticultural crops using organic fertilization through livestock waste anaerobic digestate, establishing a waste-to-food recycling system.
Post-Arthroplasty Spatiotemporal Gait Parameters in Patients with Hip Osteoarthritis or Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip: An Observational Study
Authors: Stasi Sophia , Papagiannis Georgios , Triantafyllou Athanasios , Papagelopoulos Panayiotis , Koulouvaris Panagiotis
Published: June 2024

Total hip arthroplasty (THA) is a preferred treatment for primary osteoarthritis (OA) or secondary degenerative arthropathy due to developmental hip dysplasia (DDH). Gait analysis is considered a gold standard for evaluating post-arthroplasty walking patterns. This study compared post-THA spatiotemporal gait parameters (SGPs) between OA and DDH patients and explored correlations with demographic and clinical variables. Thirty patients (15 per group) were recorded during gait and their SGPs were analyzed. Functionality was evaluated with the Oxford Hip Score (OHS). The OA patients were significantly older than DDH patients (p < 0.005). Significant and moderate to strong were the correlations between SGPs, age, and four items of the OHS concerning hip pain and activities of daily life (0.31 < Pearson’s r < 0.51 all p < 0.05). Following THA, both groups exhibited similar levels of the examined gait parameters. Post-arthroplasty SGPs and OHS correlations indicate limitations in certain activities. Given the absence of pre-operative data and the correlation between age and SGPs and OHS, ANCOVA testing revealed that age adjusts OHS and SGP values, while pre-operative diagnosis has no main effect. These findings indicate that hip OA or DDH do not affect postoperative SGPs and patients’ functionality. Future studies should examine both kinematic and kinetic data to better evaluate the post-THA gait patterns of OA and DDH patients.
Spanish Teachers’ Beliefs about Plurilingualism: A Case Study in a Monolingual Context
Authors: de la Maya Retamar Guadalupe , Galván Malagón Carmen , López-Pérez Magdalena
Published: June 2024

In Spain, the learning of foreign languages has become one of the most interesting educational challenges in recent decades. Regulatory changes have been proposed to align with the Council of Europe’s language policy, which aims to promote plurilingualism and pluriculturalism among European Union citizens. Although the development of plurilingual competence in students has become a key goal, there is little evidence regarding the beliefs of current teachers, especially in monolingual contexts, where multilingualism is mainly developed through instruction. This study involved 307 teachers who taught languages or subjects in a foreign language. The results reveal beliefs about the promotion of plurilingualism, the objectives of language learning, the importance of plurilingual competence, and its characterization that at times do not align with the European language policy and its approach to plurilingualism, though there is agreement on other issues. Among the variables analyzed, two variables—academic training and the number of languages known—were found to significantly influence the beliefs revealed.
Clinical Evaluation of Response to Octreotide and Chemotherapy in High-Grade Malignant Neuroendocrine Tumors and Promising In Vitro Preclinical Results with Pasireotide
Authors: Doello Kevin , Chico Maria Angeles , Quiñonero Francisco , Ortiz Raúl , Prados Jose , Mesas Cristina , Melguizo Consolación
Published: June 2024

Background and Objectives: High-grade malignant neuroendocrine tumors (G3 NETs) and neuroendocrine carcinomas (NECs) are characterized by rapid proliferation, high metastatic capacity, and strong expression of somatostatin receptors (SSTRs). We aimed to analyze the presence of SSTRs in NET G3 and NEC, and to correlate their expression with the use of octreotide and pasireotide. Materials and Methods: For this purpose, we first performed a retrospective study of G3 NET and NEC patients, which included the determination of SSTR expression and response to octreotide treatment. Second, we selected the H69 small cell lung cancer cell line to determine the effect of octreotide and pasireotide. Results: Our results showed the traditional somatostatin analog (SSA) octreotide was ineffective in patients with NET G3 and NEC. On the other hand, RT-qPCR showed a high expression of SSTR2 and SSTR5 in H69 cells. Interestingly, while octreotide did not modify H69 cell proliferation, a strong inhibition of proliferation was detected with the use of pasireotide. Conclusions: In view of these results, a clinical trial in NET G3 and NEC patients using pasireotide is necessary to determine the usefulness of this drug in improving patient treatment.
Evaluation of Oxidative Stress and Endothelial Dysfunction in COVID-19 Patients
Authors: Berber Nurcan Kırıcı , Kurt Osman , Altıntop Geçkil Ayşegül , Erdem Mehmet , Kıran Tuğba Raika , Otlu Önder , Ecin Seval Müzeyyen , İn Erdal
Published: June 2024

Background and Objectives: Heat shock proteins (HSPs) are stress proteins. The endogenous nitric oxide (NO) synthase inhibitor asymmetric dimethyl arginine (ADMA) is a mediator of endothelial dysfunction. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus causes endothelial dysfunction and coagulopathy through severe inflammation and oxidative stress. Using these markers, we analyzed the prognostic value of serum ADMA and HSP-90 levels for early prediction of severe coronavirus disease (COVID-19) patients. Materials and Methods: A total of 76 COVID-19 patients and 35 healthy control subjects were included in this case–control study. COVID-19 patients were divided into two groups: mild and severe. Results: Serum ADMA and HSP-90 levels were significantly higher in the COVID-19 patients compared to the control subjects (p < 0.001). Additionally, serum ADMA and HSP-90 levels were determined to be higher in a statistically significant way in severe COVID-19 compared to mild COVID-19 (p < 0.001). Univariable logistic regression analysis revealed that ADMA and HSP-90, respectively, were independent predictors of severe disease in COVID-19 patients (ADMA (OR = 1.099, 95% CI = 1.048–1.152, p < 0.001) and HSP-90 (OR = 5.296, 95% CI = 1.719–16.316, p = 0.004)). When the cut-off value for ADMA was determined as 208.94 for the prediction of the severity of COVID-19 patients, the sensitivity was 72.9% and the specificity was 100% (AUC = 0.938, 95%CI = 0.858–0.981, p < 0.001). When the cut-off value for HSP-90 was determined as 12.68 for the prediction of the severity of COVID-19 patients, the sensitivity was 88.1% and the specificity was 100% (AUC = 0.975, 95% CI= 0.910–0.997, p < 0.001). Conclusions: Increased levels of Heat shock proteins-90 (HSP-90) and ADMA were positively correlated with increased endothelial damage in COVID-19 patients, suggesting that treatments focused on preventing and improving endothelial dysfunction could significantly improve the outcomes and reduce the mortality rate of COVID-19. ADMA and HSP-90 might be simple, useful, and prognostic biomarkers that can be utilized to predict patients who are at high risk of severe disease due to COVID-19.
Molecular Mechanisms and Clinical Implications of Noncoding RNAs in Cancer
Authors: Wang Jin , He Xiaomeng , Corpe Christopher
Published: June 2024

Noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs), which include small nuclear RNAs (snRNAs), small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs), microRNAs (miRNAs), long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), and circular RNAs (circRNAs), are RNA molecules that arise from genomic regions without protein-coding potential and display a variety of mechanisms and functions by regulating gene expression at the transcriptional, RNA processing, and translational levels and participating in virtually all cellular processes [...]
Awareness and Knowledge of the Physical Activity Guidelines and Their Association with Physical Activity Levels
Authors: Wafi Ahmed M. , Wadani Saud N. , Daghriri Yazan Y. , Alamri Ali I. , Zangoti Abdulrahim M. , Khiswi Ayman A. , Al-Ebrahim Elyas Y. , Jesudoss Hemachandran J. , Alharbi Abdullah A.
Published: June 2024

Background: Physical activity guidelines recommend that adults engage in aerobic exercise and activities that preserve or increase muscle mass. The primary aim of this study was to assess the awareness and knowledge of these guidelines among adults in the Jazan region of Saudi Arabia. A secondary objective was to examine the role of awareness and knowledge in the adherence to physical activity guidelines. Methods: In this cross-sectional observational study, 1018 participants were recruited through a self-administered online survey. Participants’ awareness and knowledge about physical activity guidelines were assessed using a prompted questionnaire. Physical activity levels and weekly energy expenditures were evaluated using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire. Results: The proportion of the participants who reported being aware of the guidelines was approximately 48%, whereas the proportion of the participants who correctly identified the guidelines for moderate-intensity physical activity was 38%. However, only 23% correctly identified the muscle strength guidelines. Those who were aware of the guidelines were most likely to meet the physical activity recommendations (OR = 2.03; 95% CI = 1.55–2.65). Participants who reported being aware of the guidelines exhibited a significantly higher energy expenditure, measured in MET minutes per week (p < 0.01). Similarly, participants who correctly identified the guidelines had greater energy expenditure (p = 0.03). Conclusions: We found that adults in Jazan have a moderate level of awareness and knowledge of PA guidelines and that awareness is a predictor of adherence to these guidelines. Individuals who are aware of PA guidelines or have knowledge of them tend to have higher levels of physical activity. These findings suggest that public health campaigns that promote awareness and knowledge of the physical activity guidelines may accelerate the progress in engaging the Saudi population with these guidelines.
legado privatista da ditadura-civil militar (1964-1985) para a educação
Authors: Leme Renata Bento , Militão Silvio Cesar Nunes
Published: June 2024

No período ditatorial (1964-1985) a educação foi o segmento usado pela classe dominante para formação de mão de obra a baixo custo para o mercado de trabalho. Além disso, o aumento do setor privado de ensino foi um meio lucrativo para essa mesma classe, pois, desse modo, formava-se em pouco tempo o máximo de indivíduos, constituindo, assim, um exército de reserva útil para as baixas remunerações. Partindo dessas premissas, o presente texto tem como objetivo analisar a lógica da destinação de recursos públicos para o setor privado de educação, verificando a influência dos empresários desse setor na elaboração de políticas educacionais. Trata-se de pesquisa bibliográfica com apoio nas obras de Cunha (2014) e Saviani (2014) que tiveram por objetivo compreender o legado privatista da educação no Brasil. A título de conclusão, é possível verificar que a partir do período da Ditadura Civil Militar (1964-1985) houve aumento nas instituições privadas de ensino com apoio e recurso do Estado e, ainda, que o gerencialismo adotado no período democrático foi um dos pilares para a continuidade de repasse de verbas públicas para o setor privado.
Modificações corporais
Authors: Tomaz Eveline , Neves Rui
Published: June 2024

Modificações Corporais (MC), como tatuagens e piercings, são consideradas um fenômeno social que tem se expandido na atualidade, com novas motivações e significados. Apesar de estarem presentes em todas as faixas etárias, destacam-se entre jovens e adolescentes. Desta forma, a pesquisa busca a relação entre as MC e o cenário educacional. O objetivo é caracterizar o estado da arte das MC, extremas ou radicais, a partir dos seguintes indicadores: 1 - data dos artigos, 2 - área do conhecimento, 3 - objetivo da pesquisa, 4 - perfil dos participantes, 5 - metodologia utilizada e 6 - resultados alcançados. Uma meta-análise foi realizada nas bases de dados Scopus, Eric, Pubmed, Scielo e Medline, concluindo com 12 artigos para análise. As MC fazem parte do projeto corporal de grande parte dos jovens e adolescentes, sendo consideradas contributo da identidade, condição para se sentir bem, da individualidade e singularidade, mas não é encontrada na produção científica na área da educação, prevalecendo como tema de interesse à saúde.
programa de residência docente da Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora/MG em diálogo com a Educação Infantil
Authors: Santos Núbia Aparecida Schaper , Weber da Silva Berto Rosângela
Published: June 2024

Este relato tem por objetivo refletir sobre o lugar da docência na área da Educação Infantil, a partir das experiências construídas no Programa de Residência Docente da Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora/MG. O campo de produção dos dados se inscreve em atividades desenvolvidas em uma escola pública de Educação Infantil da rede de ensino do município de Juiz de Fora/MG. Recorremos ao Círculo de Vigotski para sustentar as nossas análises, a partir do conceito de vivência e na perspectiva da pesquisa crítica de colaboração. Compreendemos, a partir do trabalho, a necessidade de aprofundamento sobre a constituição de saberes/fazeres da docência na Educação Infantil, que deve se concretizar no diálogo entre a universidade e a escola básica.
THE INFLUENCE OF HEALTH EDUCATION USING VIDEO MEDIA ON THE KNOWLEDGE AND SKILLS OF PUBLIC WOMEN REGARDING CORRECT BREASTFEEDING TECHNIQUES AT PMB MURNIYATI
Authors: Ayu Zahra Yelsya , Widyastutik Desy , Prastyoningsih Aris
Published: June 2024

There are many cases where mothers cannot breastfeed well and need help to make the breastfeeding process successful. Fundamental data from health research (RISKESDAS 2021), there are 52.5% or only half of the 2.3 milion infants under the age og six months are reportedly exclusively breastfed in Indonesia, this means a decrease of around 12% from 2019. Providing health education regarding techniques Proper breastfeeding is expected to increase breast milk coverage rates in Indonesia. The goal of this study was to ascertain how health education affected pospartum moms’ knowledge and proficiency with proper breasfeeding procedures at PMB Murniyati. This particular type of research uses preexperimental method with a one group pretest-posttest design model. Gathering of data technique used total sampling, the sample was 30 people. The instruments used were a knowledge questionnaire sheet and a breastfeeding technique skills observation sheet. Data analysis used the Wilcoxon Signed Ranks Test. The outcomes of this research are the impact of health education on understanding and skills of postpartum mothers regarding correct breastfeeding techniques at PMB Murniyati with a difference in pretest and posttest p-values ​​of 0.000 <0.05. The finding that health education has an impact on the abilities and understanding of postpartum mothers regarding correct breastfeeding techniques at PMB Murniyati.
Fais comme tu veux : la libération par la délibération
Authors: Pessiglione Mathias
Published: June 2024

Do What You Want: When Deliberation Means Liberation. The ongoing debate about free will in cognitive neuroscience, which started with the first experiments on the timing of mental and cerebral events, has been focused on whether the feeling of exerting conscious volition can be causally responsible of elementary movements such as moving the index finger. While the metaphysical issue is not solved, there is a consensus about the dissociation between neural processes that cause movements and those that generate the impression of free volition. This paper reviews empirical arguments in favor of a similar departure, regarding more elaborate decisions that involve subjective preferences, between actual causes of choices and reasons advanced for their justification. Indeed, the literature on decision bias shows that reasons are often elaborated post-hoc, to align choices on coherent norms that their real causes may not respect. It thus becomes clear that the functional architecture of the brain, shaped by natural selection, imposes hidden constraints on preferences, which may vary across individuals, or across time in a same individual. It has also been observed that particular choices do not always follow general preferences, which is formalized as random variations in decision-making models, but likely reflects incomplete knowledge of the brain system. However, as neural constraints are progressively uncovered, we can incorporate them into deliberation, hence emancipate from automatic compulsions, and therefore win some degrees of freedom.
La démarche originale de Jean Nicod et son intérêt en sémantique et en sciences cognitives
Authors: Recanati Catherine
Published: June 2024

Cet article est une présentation de La géométrie dans le monde sensible, contribution importante de Jean Nicod à l''axiomatisation de la géométrie dans le cadre de la logique mathématique. Le livre, préfacé par B. Russell, a été publié en 1924. Les termes primitifs et les relations que Nicod utilise dans son axiomatisation appartiennent au domaine sensoriel, ce qui rend sa tentative intéressante du point de vue des sciences cognitives contemporaines. En effet, sa méthodologie peut guider la modélisation dans de nombreux domaines de l''intelligence artificielle, comme celui de la représentation du temps et de l''espace. Après avoir présenté le travail de Nicod, nous donnons quelques exemples pour montrer comment il pourrait être utilisé en sémantique cognitive, et plus généralement dans les systèmes manipulant des représentations diagrammatiques.
Les relations artistiques entre l'Italie et la France (1680-1750) : la contradiction des discours et de la pratique
Authors: Michel Christian
Published: June 2024

Le relazioni artistiche fra l’Italia e la Francia (1680-1750) : la contraddizione nei discorsi e nella pratica. Quest'articolo analizza l'ambiguità dei rapporti artistici fra la Francia e l'Italia. Il discorso dei Francesi, tinto di nazionalismo, rifiuta progressivamente all'arte italiana il carattere di universalità che le era stato riconosciuto fino allora, ma gli scambi artistici rimangono importanti e piuttosto equilibrati ; è soprattutto l'aspetto simbolico del soggiorno in Italia, quello che a un giovane artista serve per legittimare il mantenimento dell'Accademia di Francia a Roma.
Le bas-relief à l'antique dans l'architecture parisienne du XVIIe siècle : du Louvre de François Sublet de Noyers à celui de Jean-Baptiste Colbert
Authors: Cojannot Alexandre
Published: June 2024

Parmi les nombreux aspects que prit la mode du bas-relief à l'antique à Paris au milieu du XVIIe siècle, la pratique des architectes d'en incruster, sous forme de tables, dans leurs élévations se signale par sa nouveauté dans le contexte français. L'identification d'un dessin de Jacques Lemercier proposant d'intégrer des copies d'antiques romains à la façade du Louvre permet de lier cette formule nouvelle à la naissance d'un goût «attique» à la fin du règne de Louis XIII. Dans les décennies suivantes, le motif ornemental connut une fortune certaine dans l'architecture privée parisienne, en particulier grâce à l'influence de Louis Le Vau. Utilisé dans les projets d'achèvement du Louvre sous la surintendance de Jean-Baptiste Colbert, il faisait finalement partie intégrante du vocabulaire architectural français, mais participait dès lors d'un regard nouveau sur l'art antique.
Le corps de saint Marc et celui de Rangone. Ou le principe d'imitatio selon Tintoret
Authors: Corneloup Anne
Published: June 2024

Anne Corneloup, The body of saint Mark and that of Rangone. Or the principle of imitatio according to Tintoretto ; In each of the four hagiographical episodes painted by Tintoretto for the Scuola Grande di San Marco recurs the inset portrait of a confratello, most probably Tommaso Rangone, relatively well known for his personality cult. However, starting from this fourfold mandatory motif, the painter took pleasure in establishing a strange relationship between the figure of his contemporary and that of the saint, to the point that a true parallel theme to the miracles of saint Mark runs through the cycle : the process of imitatio, personified by Rangone in its sequential process : inhibition, errancy, trial, and ultimately, fulfilment. Tintoretto thus redefines what should be true imitatio : embodied, dissimilar by essence, proceeding by progressive approximations and through this, generating deviations and tensions of which he fully intends showing the comic and tragic effects. Far from wanting to humiliate such a proud patron, he on the contrary depicts him in an "idealised" portrait, committed in an ideal way to the act of imitation, placing charity before all.
De Rome à Boulogne-Billancourt : itinéraire de l'Éros d'Alfred Janniot
Authors: Salmon Dimitri
Published: June 2024

Dimitri Salmon, Da Roma a Boulogne-Billancourt. Itinerario dell'Eros di Alfred Janniot ; Scoperta a metà degli anni'20, rapidamente celebrata ma a poco a poco caduta in desuetudine dopo la seconda guerra mondiale, la scultura di Alfred Janniot suscita di nuovo oggi l'interesse degli amatori d'arte e degli studiosi. Simile ad un'indagine a scatole cinesi, questo studio intende restituire il suo passato all'Eros, opera fondamentale che lanciò letteralmente la carriera dell'artista nel 1922-1923. In questa indagine, l'autore si concentra in particolar modo sul momento dell'ideazione di quest'opera all' Académie de France in Roma, la sua presentazione all'École des Beaux-Arts e al Salon, il ruolo preponderante che ebbe nella decorazione di più dimore private nella regione parigina, o infine il suo recente ingresso nel Musée des Années 30 di Boulogne-Billancourt. Seguire in dettaglio il destino dell'Eras, rappresentativo, nelle sue grande linee, di quello di tutta una generazione di opere che si impara di nuovo a guardare solo da qualche tempo, permette inoltre di presentare un aspetto della cerchia frequentata da Alfred Janniot, di cui l'architetto Boileau e il decoratore Ruhlmann contavano tra le figure di punta garanti, all'epoca, di un gusto sicuro dalla raffinatezza borghese.