bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Efficacy and safety of ATX‐101 as a treatment for submental fullness: A retrospective analysis of two aesthetic practices
Authors: Zarbafian Misha , Karavan Mahsa , Greene Ryan , Fabi Sabrina Guillen
Published: September 2019

Background

Submental fullness (SMF) is a common cosmetic concern that can have negative impact on one's self‐esteem. ATX‐101 has shown promise as a minimally invasive treatment for SMF correction in clinical trials.

Aims

To assess the safety and efficacy of ATX‐101 for SMF correction.

Patients/Methods

This was a retrospective review of 90 patients from two aesthetic practices who received ATX‐101 injections for SMF (January 2016‐August 2017). There were no exclusion criteria. Initial SMF severity was assigned using standardized photographs and a validated 5‐point scale. Eighty one patients subsequently answered questionnaires regarding improvement, satisfaction, and adverse effects. Degree of SMF correction was also evaluated by the investigator and a blinded reviewer.

Results

Eighty one patients (mean initial submental fullness severity 1.6) received a mean of 1.84 ATX‐101 treatment sessions using a median of 2.0 vials per treatment (mean 3.02, range 1‐9). Mean Physician Global Aesthetic Improvement Scale scores were 2.73 and 2.25, after the first and second treatments, respectively (P = .04). Mean Subject Goal Aesthetic Improvement Scale scores were 2.7 and 2.25 after the first and second treatments, respectively (P = .01). Sixty‐seven percentage of patients were “somewhat” or “very” satisfied. Adverse events were transient and limited to the treatment area.

Conclusion

Patients achieved progressive improvement in SMF after the 1st and 2nd treatments, as judged by patients themselves, investigators, and blinded evaluators. These results of SMF correction suggest that significant benefit can be obtained with proper dosing at the initial visit. These data support the efficacy and safety profile of ATX‐101 use for SMF correction.
The impact of reducing fatty acid desaturation on the composition and thermal stability of rapeseed oil
Authors: Kaur Harjeevan , Wang Lihong , Stawniak Natalia , Sloan Raymond , van Erp Harrie , Eastmond Peter , Bancroft Ian
Published: September 2019

Oilseed rape (Brassica napus) is the third largest source of vegetable oil globally. In addition to food uses, there are industrial applications that exploit the ability of the species to accumulate the very‐long‐chain fatty acid (VLCFA) erucic acid in its seed oil, controlled by orthologues of FATTY ACID ELONGASE 1 (Bna.FAE1.A8 and Bna.FAE1.C3). The proportion of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) in rapeseed oil is predicted to affect its thermal stability and is controlled by orthologues of FATTY ACID DESATURASE 2, particularly Bna.FAD2.C5. Our aim was to develop rapeseed lines combining high erucic and low PUFA characters and to assess the impact on thermal stability of the oil they produce. The new type of rapeseed oil (high erucic low polyunsaturate; HELP) contained a substantially greater proportion of erucic acid (54%) compared with high erucic rapeseed oil (46%). Although the total VLCFA content was greater in oil from HELP lines (64%) than from high erucic rapeseed (57%), analysis of triacylglycerol composition showed negligible incorporation of VLCFAs into the sn‐2 position. Rancimat analysis showed that the thermal stability of rapeseed oil was improved greatly as a consequence of reduction of PUFA content, from 3.8 and 4.2 h in conventional low erucic and high erucic rapeseed oils, respectively, to 11.3 and 16.4 h in high oleic low PUFA (HOLP) and HELP oils, respectively. Our results demonstrate that engineering of the lipid biosynthetic pathway of rapeseed, using traditional approaches, enables the production of renewable industrial oils with novel composition and properties.
Whole‐genome resequencing‐based QTL‐seq identified candidate genes and molecular markers for fresh seed dormancy in groundnut
Authors: Kumar Rakesh , Janila Pasupuleti , Vishwakarma Manish K. , Khan Aamir W. , Manohar Surendra S. , Gangurde Sunil S. , Variath Murali T. , Shasidhar Yaduru , Pandey Manish K. , Varshney Rajeev K.
Published: September 2019

The subspecies fastigiata of cultivated groundnut lost fresh seed dormancy (FSD) during domestication and human‐made selection. Groundnut varieties lacking FSD experience precocious seed germination during harvest imposing severe losses. Development of easy‐to‐use genetic markers enables early‐generation selection in different molecular breeding approaches. In this context, one recombinant inbred lines (RIL) population (ICGV 00350 × ICGV 97045) segregating for FSD was used for deploying QTL‐seq approach for identification of key genomic regions and candidate genes. Whole‐genome sequencing (WGS) data (87.93 Gbp) were generated and analysed for the dormant parent (ICGV 97045) and two DNA pools (dormant and nondormant). After analysis of resequenced data from the pooled samples with dormant parent (reference genome), we calculated delta‐SNP index and identified a total of 10,759 genomewide high‐confidence SNPs. Two candidate genomic regions spanning 2.4 Mb and 0.74 Mb on the B05 and A09 pseudomolecules, respectively, were identified controlling FSD. Two candidate genes—RING‐H2 finger protein and zeaxanthin epoxidase—were identified in these two regions, which significantly express during seed development and control abscisic acid (ABA) accumulation. QTL‐seq study presented here laid out development of a marker, GMFSD1, which was validated on a diverse panel and could be used in molecular breeding to improve dormancy in groundnut.
A Fast Diagnosis Methodology for Typical Faults of a Lithium-Ion Battery in Electric and Hybrid Electric Aircraft
Authors: Hashemi Seyed Reza , Esmaeeli Roja , Nazari Ashkan , Aliniagerdroudbari Haniph , Alhadri Muapper , Zakri Waleed , Mohammed Abdul Haq , Mahajan Ajay , Farhad Siamak
Published: September 2019

In electric and hybrid-electric aircraft, the battery systems are usually composed of up to thousands of battery cells connected in series or parallel to provide the voltage and power/energy requirements. The inconsistent cells could affect the battery pack and its performance or even endanger electric and hybrid-electric aircraft security; thus, the early fault diagnosis of the battery system is essential. A well-designed battery management system along with a set of reliable voltage and current sensors is required to properly measure and control the cells operational variables in a large battery pack. In this study, based on the battery working mechanism, a new, fast, and robust fault diagnostic scheme is proposed for a lithium-ion battery (LIB) pack that can be employed for applications such as electric and hybrid-electric aircraft. In this method, some faults such as the overcharge, overdischarge occurring in LIB packs can be detected and isolated, based on some predefined factors gained from the battery models in healthy, overcharge, and overdischarge conditions. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed fast fault diagnosis scheme is experimentally validated with LIBs under a typical flight cycle.
Point-of-care biomarker quantification enabled by sample-specific calibration
Authors: McNerney Monica P. , Zhang Yan , Steppe Paige , Silverman Adam D. , Jewett Michael C. , Styczynski Mark P.
Published: September 2019

Calibration using the same sample being measured enables quantitative in-the-field diagnostics for complex biological samples.
Structural insights into the EGO-TC–mediated membrane tethering of the TORC1-regulatory Rag GTPases
Authors: Zhang Tianlong , Péli-Gulli Marie-Pierre , Zhang Zhen , Tang Xin , Ye Jie , De Virgilio Claudio , Ding Jianping
Published: September 2019

The crystal structure of the EGO complex elucidates the membrane recruitment of the TORC1-regulatory Gtr1-Gtr2 Rag GTPases.
Tracking human fat turnover with carbon dating
Authors: Yang Ming
Published: September 2019

Lipid turnover in adipose tissue is important in long-term body weight gain and weight loss maintenance after bariatric surgery in humans.
Organic-rich microfossils produced by oil infiltration of hollow silicified bacteria: Evidence from the ca. 340 Ma Red Dog Zn-Pb deposit, Alaska
Authors: Rasmussen Birger , Muhling Janet R.
Published: September 2019

The remarkable preservation of carbonaceous microfossils in Precambrian chert has been attributed to rapid silica precipitation enclosing original cellular carbon. However, while silicification of bacteria can preserve cellular morphology, in modern silicifying environments, organic molecules are rapidly destroyed after death, raising questions about the origin of carbon in ancient microfossils. Here, we show that carbonaceous matter in filamentous microfossils in chert from the Carboniferous Red Dog Zn-Pb deposit, northern Alaska, represents relicts of migrated oil. Black, carbonaceous microfossils are associated with chert stained brown by solidified oil surrounding hairline fractures. The black filaments contain thin carbon films (<50 nm) lining minute quartz crystals in intracellular cavities. Our observations indicate that silica nucleation on bacterial cell walls was followed by the decomposition of cellular carbon, producing silica-encased, bacterial molds that were later infiltrated by oil. This process represents a new mode of fossilization that raises questions about the origin of carbonaceous matter in some of Earth’s oldest microfossils.
Synthesis and characterization of Zn100−xLixO and Zn100−x−yLixCuyO thin films for electronic and optoelectronic applications
Authors: Afrose R. , Kamruzzaman M. , Liton M. N. H. , Helal M. A. , Khan M. K. R. , Rahman M. , Anam T. K.
Published: September 2019

p-type conductivity and the modulation of bandgap of ZnO are crucial aspects for realization of optoelectronic devices’ applications. The Li and Li-Cu could be suitable doping agents for achieving the p-type conductivity and the modulation of bandgap of ZnO. To this point of view, the Zn[Formula: see text]Li[Formula: see text]O (x = 0 to 40 at.%) and Zn[Formula: see text]Li[Formula: see text]Cu[Formula: see text]O (fixed, x = 5 at.%, and y = 0.0 to 10 at.%) thin films were prepared on the microscopic glass substrates at a temperature of 350[Formula: see text]C using cost effective chemical spray pyrolysis (CSP) technique. Field emission scanning electron microscope images show the coexistence of interconnected fibrous and flat grains on the films surface. The grain size changes as function of Li- and Li-Cu concentrations, and at a higher doping granular grains are observed. The successful incorporation of Li and Cu-Li into ZnO crystal is confirmed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) measurements. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns exhibit hexagonal polycrystalline structure of doped ZnO. However, the crystallinity is deteriorated at higher Li- and Li-Cu doping concentrations. The optical bandgap study exhibits direct transition type and it is red shifted from 3.21 to 2.61 eV and 2.84 to 3.56 eV for Li and Li-Cu doping in ZnO thin films, respectively. The optical conductivity enhances as a result of Li- and Li-Cu doping in ZnO. Therefore, Li- and Li-Cu can effectively be doped to tune bandgap and enhance optical properties of ZnO for electronic and optoelectronic device applications.
Mask R-CNN Method for Dashboard Feature Extraction in Eye Tracking
Authors: Zhang Pei , Wang Changyuan , Jia Hongbo
Published: September 2019

The traditional information extraction technology of dashboard is easily affected by external factors, and the robustness is poor. To improve the safety of the pilot’s performance on the dashboard, this paper proposes a way for extracting the dashboard feature information in eye tracking, which acquires the line of sight point in simulated dashboard. It then uses the Mask R-CNN method to detect the gaze area and then extracts the target feature information. Finally, it fuses two sets of data to get the result of the pilot who extracts the target gaze area in the scene. Experiment results show that the method of new dashboard information extraction proposed in this paper has a better accuracy.
The Jordan–Moore–Gibson–Thompson Equation: Well-posedness with quadratic gradient nonlinearity and singular limit for vanishing relaxation time
Authors: Kaltenbacher Barbara , Nikolić Vanja
Published: September 2019

In this paper, we consider the Jordan–Moore–Gibson–Thompson equation, a third-order in time wave equation describing the nonlinear propagation of sound that avoids the infinite signal speed paradox of classical second-order in time strongly damped models of nonlinear acoustics, such as the Westervelt and the Kuznetsov equation. We show well-posedness in an acoustic velocity potential formulation with and without gradient nonlinearity, corresponding to the Kuznetsov and the Westervelt nonlinearities, respectively. Moreover, we consider the limit as the parameter of the third-order time derivative that plays the role of a relaxation time tends to zero, which again leads to the classical Kuznetsov and Westervelt models. To this end, we establish appropriate energy estimates for the linearized equations and employ fixed-point arguments for well-posedness of the nonlinear equations. The theoretical results are illustrated by numerical experiments.
G-Corks and Heegaard Floer homology
Authors: Wong Biji
Published: September 2019

In [D. Auckly, H. J. Kim, P. Melvin and D. Ruberman, Equivariant corks, Algebr. Geom. Topol. 17(3) (2017) 1771–1783], Auckly–Kim–Melvin–Ruberman showed that for any finite subgroup [Formula: see text] of [Formula: see text] there exists a contractible smooth 4-manifold with an effective [Formula: see text]-action on its boundary so that the twists associated to the non-trivial elements of [Formula: see text] don’t extend to diffeomorphisms of the entire manifold. We give a different proof of this phenomenon using the Heegaard Floer techniques in [S. Akbulut and Ç. Karakurt, Action of the cork twist on Floer homology, in Proc. Gökova Geometry-Topology Conf. 2011 (International Press, Somerville, MA, 2012), pp. 42–52].
Krylov Subspace Approximation for Local Community Detection in Large Networks
Authors: He Kun , Shi Pan , Bindel David , Hopcroft John E.
Published: September 2019

Community detection is an important information mining task to uncover modular structures in large networks. For increasingly common large network datasets, global community detection is prohibitively expensive, and attention has shifted to methods that mine local communities,  i.e., identifying all latent members of a particular community from a few labeled seed members. To address such semi-supervised mining task, we systematically develop a local spectral (LOSP) subspace-based community detection method, called LOSP. We define a family of LOSP subspaces based on Krylov subspaces, and seek a sparse indicator for the target community via an ℓ
1
norm minimization over the Krylov subspace. Variants of LOSP depend on type of random walks with different diffusion speeds, type of random walks, dimension of the LOSP subspace, and step of diffusions. The effectiveness of the proposed LOSP approach is theoretically analyzed based on Rayleigh quotients, and it is experimentally verified on a wide variety of real-world networks across social, production, and biological domains, as well as on an extensive set of synthetic LFR benchmark datasets.
Bayesian Model Selection Approach to Multiple Change-Points Detection with Non-Local Prior Distributions
Authors: Jiang Fei , Yin Guosheng , Dominici Francesca
Published: September 2019

We propose a Bayesian model selection (BMS) boundary detection procedure using non-local prior distributions for a sequence of data with multiple systematic mean changes. By using the non-local priors in the BMS framework, the BMS method can effectively suppress the non-boundary spike points with large instantaneous changes. Further, we speedup the algorithm by reducing the multiple change points to a series of single change point detection problems. We establish the consistency of the estimated number and locations of the change points under various prior distributions. From both theoretical and numerical perspectives, we show that the non-local inverse moment prior leads to the fastest convergence rate in identifying the true change points on the boundaries. Extensive simulation studies are conducted to compare the BMS with existing methods, and our method is illustrated with application to the magnetic resonance imaging guided radiation therapy data.
Self-Adaptive Particle Swarm Optimization for Large-Scale Feature Selection in Classification
Authors: Xue Yu , Xue Bing , Zhang Mengjie
Published: September 2019

Many evolutionary computation (EC) methods have been used to solve feature selection problems and they perform well on most small-scale feature selection problems. However, as the dimensionality of feature selection problems increases, the solution space increases exponentially. Meanwhile, there are more irrelevant features than relevant features in datasets, which leads to many local optima in the huge solution space. Therefore, the existing EC methods still suffer from the problem of stagnation in local optima on large-scale feature selection problems. Furthermore, large-scale feature selection problems with different datasets may have different properties. Thus, it may be of low performance to solve different large-scale feature selection problems with an existing EC method that has only one candidate solution generation strategy (CSGS). In addition, it is time-consuming to find a suitable EC method and corresponding suitable parameter values for a given large-scale feature selection problem if we want to solve it effectively and efficiently. In this article, we propose a self-adaptive particle swarm optimization (SaPSO) algorithm for feature selection, particularly for large-scale feature selection. First, an encoding scheme for the feature selection problem is employed in the SaPSO. Second, three important issues related to self-adaptive algorithms are investigated. After that, the SaPSO algorithm with a typical self-adaptive mechanism is proposed. The experimental results on 12 datasets show that the solution size obtained by the SaPSO algorithm is smaller than its EC counterparts on all datasets. The SaPSO algorithm performs better than its non-EC and EC counterparts in terms of classification accuracy not only on most training sets but also on most test sets. Furthermore, as the dimensionality of the feature selection problem increases, the advantages of SaPSO become more prominent. This highlights that the SaPSO algorithm is suitable for solving feature selection problems, particularly large-scale feature selection problems.
Hybrid Crowd-Machine Wrapper Inference
Authors: Crescenzi Valter , Merialdo Paolo , Qiu Disheng
Published: September 2019

Wrapper inference deals in generating programs to extract data from Web pages. Several supervised and unsupervised wrapper inference approaches have been proposed in the literature. On one hand, unsupervised approaches produce erratic wrappers: whenever the sources do not satisfy underlying assumptions of the inference algorithm, their accuracy is compromised. On the other hand, supervised approaches produce accurate wrappers, but since they need training data, their scalability is limited. The recent advent of crowdsourcing platforms has opened new opportunities for supervised approaches, as they make possible the production of large amounts of training data with the support of workers recruited online. Nevertheless, involving human workers has monetary costs. We present an original hybrid crowd-machine wrapper inference system that offers the benefits of both approaches exploiting the cooperation of crowd workers and unsupervised algorithms. Based on a principled probabilistic model that estimates the quality of wrappers, humans workers are recruited only when unsupervised wrapper induction algorithms are not able to produce sufficiently accurate solutions.
Real-Time Estimation of the Urban Air Quality with Mobile Sensor System
Authors: Wang Yun , Song Guojie , Du Lun , Lu Zhicong
Published: September 2019

Recently, real-time air quality estimation has attracted more and more attention from all over the world, which is close to our daily life. With the prevalence of mobile sensors, there is an emerging way to monitor the air quality with mobile sensors on vehicles. Compared with traditional expensive monitor stations, mobile sensors are cheaper and more abundant, but observations from these sensors have unstable spatial and temporal distributions, which results in the existing model could not work very well on this type of data. In this article, taking advantage of air quality data from mobile sensors, we propose an real-time urban air quality estimation method based on the Gaussian Process Regression for air pollution of the unmonitored areas, pivoting on the diffusion effect and the accumulation effect of air pollution. In order to meet the real-time demands, we propose a two-layer ensemble learning framework and a self-adaptivity mechanism to improve computational efficiency and adaptivity. We evaluate our model with real data from mobile sensor system located in Beijing, China. And the experiments show that our proposed model is superior to the state-of-the-art spatial regression methods in both precision and time performances.
A passive, camera-based head-tracking system for real-time, three-dimensional estimation of head position and orientation in rodents
Authors: Vanzella Walter , Grion Natalia , Bertolini Daniele , Perissinotto Andrea , Gigante Marco , Zoccolan Davide
Published: September 2019

Tracking head position and orientation in small mammals is crucial for many applications in the field of behavioral neurophysiology, from the study of spatial navigation to the investigation of active sensing and perceptual representations. Many approaches to head tracking exist, but most of them only estimate the 2D coordinates of the head over the plane where the animal navigates. Full reconstruction of the pose of the head in 3D is much more more challenging and has been achieved only in handful of studies, which employed headsets made of multiple LEDs or inertial units. However, these assemblies are rather bulky and need to be powered to operate, which prevents their application in wireless experiments and in the small enclosures often used in perceptual studies. Here we propose an alternative approach, based on passively imaging a lightweight, compact, 3D structure, painted with a pattern of black dots over a white background. By applying a cascade of feature extraction algorithms that progressively refine the detection of the dots and reconstruct their geometry, we developed a tracking method that is highly precise and accurate, as assessed through a battery of validation measurements. We show that this method can be used to study how a rat samples sensory stimuli during a perceptual discrimination task and how a hippocampal place cell represents head position over extremely small spatial scales. Given its minimal encumbrance and wireless nature, our method could be ideal for high-throughput applications, where tens of animals need to be simultaneously and continuously tracked.

NEW & NOTEWORTHY Head tracking is crucial in many behavioral neurophysiology studies. Yet reconstruction of the head’s pose in 3D is challenging and typically requires implanting bulky, electrically powered headsets that prevent wireless experiments and are hard to employ in operant boxes. Here we propose an alternative approach, based on passively imaging a compact, 3D dot pattern that, once implanted over the head of a rodent, allows estimating the pose of its head with high precision and accuracy.
Body side-specific changes in sensorimotor processing of movement feedback in a walking insect
Authors: Schmitz Joscha , Gruhn Matthias , Büschges Ansgar
Published: September 2019

Feedback from load and movement sensors can modify timing and magnitude of the motor output in the stepping stick insect. One source of feedback is stretch reception by the femoral chordotonal organ (fCO), which encodes such parameters as the femorotibial (FTi) joint angle, the angular velocity, and its acceleration. Stimulation of the fCO causes a postural resistance reflex, during quiescence, and can elicit the opposite, so-called active reaction (AR), which assists ongoing flexion during active movements. In the present study, we investigated the role of fCO feedback for the difference in likelihood of generating ARs on the inside vs. the outside during curve stepping. We analyzed the effects of fCO stimulation on the motor output to the FTi and the neighboring coxa-trochanter and thorax-coxa joints of the middle leg. In inside and outside turns, the probability for ARs increases with increasing starting angle and decreasing stimulus velocity; furthermore, it is independent of the total angular excursion. However, the transition between stance and swing motor activity always occurs after a specific angular excursion, independent of the turning direction. Feedback from the fCO also has an excitatory influence on levator trochanteris motoneurons (MNs) during inside and outside turns, whereas the same feedback affects protractor coxae MNs only during outside steps. Our results suggest joint- and body side-dependent processing of fCO feedback. A shift in gain may be responsible for different AR probabilities between inside and outside turning, whereas the general control mechanism for ARs is unchanged.

NEW & NOTEWORTHY We show that parameters of movement feedback from the tibia in an insect during curve walking are processed in a body side-specific manner, and how. From our results it is highly conceivable that the difference in motor response to the feedback supports the body side-specific leg kinematics during turning. Future studies will need to determine the source for the inputs that determine the local changes in sensory-motor processing.
Evaluation of CMIP5 Global Climate Models for Simulating Climatological Temperature and Precipitation for Southeast Asia
Authors: Kamworapan Suchada , Surussavadee Chinnawat
Published: September 2019

This study evaluates the performances of all forty different global climate models (GCMs) that participate in the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (CMIP5) for simulating climatological temperature and precipitation for Southeast Asia. Historical simulations of climatological temperature and precipitation of the 40 GCMs for the 40-year period of 1960–1999 for both land and sea and those for the century of 1901–1999 for land are evaluated using observation and reanalysis datasets. Nineteen different performance metrics are employed. The results show that the performances of different GCMs vary greatly. CNRM-CM5-2 performs best among the 40 GCMs, where its total error is 3.25 times less than that of GCM performing worst. The performance of CNRM-CM5-2 is compared with those of the ensemble average of all 40 GCMs (40-GCM-Ensemble) and the ensemble average of the 6 best GCMs (6-GCM-Ensemble) for four categories, i.e., temperature only, precipitation only, land only, and sea only. While 40-GCM-Ensemble performs best for temperature, 6-GCM-Ensemble performs best for precipitation. 6-GCM-Ensemble performs best for temperature and precipitation simulations over sea, whereas CNRM-CM5-2 performs best over land. Overall results show that 6-GCM-Ensemble performs best and is followed by CNRM-CM5-2 and 40-GCM-Ensemble, respectively. The total errors of 6-GCM-Ensemble, CNRM-CM5-2, and 40-GCM-Ensemble are 11.84, 13.69, and 14.09, respectively. 6-GCM-Ensemble and CNRM-CM5-2 agree well with observations and can provide useful climate simulations for Southeast Asia. This suggests the use of 6-GCM-Ensemble and CNRM-CM5-2 for climate studies and projections for Southeast Asia.
Computational Study on the Biomechanics of Pupil Block Phenomenon
Authors: Wang Wenjia , Song Hongfang , Liu Zhicheng
Published: September 2019

Pupil blocking force (PBF) can indicate the potential risk of pupil block (PB), which is considered as a main pathogenic factor of primary angle-closure glaucoma (PACG). However, the effect of PB on the PBF under different pupil diameters and iris-lens channel (ILC) distance was unknown. Besides, a simple and practical method to assess PBF has not been reported yet. In this study, 21 finite element models of eyes with various pupil diameters (2.4 mm–2.6 mm) and ILC (2 μm–20 μm) were constructed and were conducted to simulate aqueous humor flow by fluid-solid coupling numerical simulation. PBF in each model was calculated based on the numerical simulation results and was fitted using response surface methodology. The results demonstrated that ILC distance had a more significant effect than pupil diameter on PBF. With the decrease of ILC distance, the PBF increased exponentially. When the reduced distance was lower than 5 μm, the PBF exploded quickly, resulting in a high risk of iris bomb. The PBF also varied with pupil diameter, especially under the condition of narrow ILC. Both ILC distance and pupil diameter could explain more than 97% variation in PBF, and a second-order empirical model has been developed to be a good predictor of PBF. Based on the linear relationship between anterior chamber deformation and PBF, a threshold value of PBF was given to guide clinical decisions. This study could be used to investigate PACG pathological correlation and its pathogenesis, so as to provide a reference value for clinical diagnosis of PACG.
Differences in Cloud Vertical Structures between the Tibetan Plateau and Eastern China Plains during Rainy Season as Measured by CloudSat/CALIPSO
Authors: Yi Mingjian
Published: September 2019

Cloud vertical structures over the Tibetan Plateau (TP) and Eastern China Plains (ECP) were analyzed by using data in rainy seasons from 2006 to 2009, in order to clarify the cloud development over adjacent regions but with distinct topographies. Results indicate that the largest occurrences of cloud top height over the TP are at 7-8 km above mean sea level, which is about 4 km lower than that over the ECP. Mixed-phase clouds dominated more than 30% over the TP, while it is lower than 10% over the ECP. The infrequent mixed-phase clouds over the ECP are attributed to the unique dynamic and moisture situations over the downstream areas of the TP. Ice clouds have similar occurrences over the two regions. The prominent distinctions are manifested by the probability density of cloud thickness. The probability density of cloud thickness around 4–8 km is about 2% higher over the TP than the ECP. However, there is almost no ice cloud thicker than 10 km over the TP, while it is about 1% over the ECP. Compared with those over the ECP, every cloud layer within multilayered clouds is generally higher and thinner over the TP, which is closely related to the elevated surface and the resulting thinner troposphere. The significant differences in cloud vertical structures between the TP and the ECP present in this study emphasize that topographical characteristics and the resulting moisture and circulation conditions have strong impacts on the cloud vertical structures.
99mTc-Labeled LyP-1 for SPECT Imaging of Triple Negative Breast Cancer
Authors: Song Ningning , Zhao Lingzhou , Zhu Meilin , Zhao Jinhua
Published: September 2019

Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC), the most aggressive breast cancer type, is associated with high mortality and recurrence rates. An active-targeted strategy based on homing peptides is an effective approach to diagnose and treat cancer as it can deliver imaging agents or therapeutic drugs into desired tissues and accumulate less into off-target tissues. As a homing peptide, LyP-1 has shown properties of targeting, internalization, and proapoptosis to TNBC. In the study, we designed a Technetium-99m- (99mTc-) labeled LyP-1 and investigated its feasibility for targeted single-positron emission computed tomography (SPECT) imaging of TNBC. The results showed that the LyP-1 peptide had acceptable biocompatibility in the studied concentration range and could specifically bind to TNBC cells in vitro.99mTc-labeled LyP-1 showed high radiochemical purity and stability and could be used as a probe for targeted SPECT imaging of TNBC cells in vitro and in a TNBC tumor-bearing mouse model. Our findings indicate that this active-targeted strategy has great potential to be developed into a new imaging tool for TNBC diagnosis.
Dipyridamole Enhances the Cytotoxicities of Trametinib against Colon Cancer Cells through Combined Targeting of HMGCS1 and MEK Pathway
Authors: Zhou Sheng , Xu Huanji , Tang Qiulin , Xia Hongwei , Bi Feng
Published: September 2019

Both the MAPK pathway and mevalonate (MVA) signaling pathway play an increasingly significant role in the carcinogenesis of colorectal carcinoma, whereas the cross-talk between these two pathways and its implication in targeted therapy remains unclear in colorectal carcinoma. Here, we identified that HMGCS1 (3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA synthase 1), the rate-limiting enzyme of the MVA pathway, is overexpressed in colon cancer tissues and positively regulates the cell proliferation, migration, and invasion of colon cancer cells. In addition, HMGCS1 could enhance the activity of pERK independent of the MVA pathway, and the suppression of HMGCS1 could completely reduce the EGF-induced proliferation of colon cancer cells. Furthermore, we found that trametinib, a MEK inhibitor, could only partially abolish the upregulation of HMGCS1 induced by EGF treatment, while combination with HMGCS1 knockdown could completely reverse the upregulation of HMGCS1 induced by EGF treatment and increase the sensitivity of colon cancer cells to trametinib. Finally, we combined trametinib and dipyridamole, a common clinically used drug that could suppress the activity of SREBF2 (sterol regulatory element-binding transcription factor 2), a transcription factor regulating HMGCS1 expression, and identified its synergistic effect in inhibiting the proliferation and survival of colon cancer cells in vitro as well as the in vivo tumorigenic potential of colon cancer cells. Together, the current data indicated that HMGCS1 may be a novel biomarker, and the combination of targeting HMGCS1 and MEK might be a promising therapeutic strategy for patients with colon cancer.
Visual Prognostic Factors of Epiretinal Membrane Surgery in Patients with Pseudophakia
Authors: Kim Jin Young , Kim Dong Yoon , Kim Kyung Tae , Song Jiho , Chae Ju Byung , Kim June-Gone
Published: September 2019

Purpose: To evaluate the visual prognostic factors in patients with pseudophakic epiretinal membrane (ERM) after vitrectomy using spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT). Method: A retrospective review of patients with pseudophakic ERM having undergone vitrectomy was conducted. Best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and SD-OCT were conducted before and 1, 3, and 6 months after vitrectomy. Known visual prognostic factors, such as inner-retina irregularity index, central foveal thickness (CFT), central inner retinal layer thickness (CIRLT), cone outer segment tip defect length, and photoreceptor outer segment length, were reviewed and their correlation with BCVA was analyzed. Results: Forty-three patients (mean age: 64.88 ± 10.46 years) with pseudophakic ERM were included. BCVA significantly improved after vitrectomy (logMAR 0.30 ± 0.24 vs. 0.11 ± 0.14, p < 0.001). The preoperative high inner-retina irregularity index significantly correlated with poor postoperative BCVA in patients with pseudophakic ERM (correlation coefficient 0.583, p < 0.001). Postoperative improvements of inner retinal SD-OCT findings, such as inner-retina irregularity index, CFT, and CIRLT, were significantly associated with the amount of BCVA improvement after ERM surgery (correlation coefficients were as follows: inner-retina irregularity index – 0.711, p < 0.001; CFT – 0.462, p = 0.002; CIRLT – 0.596, p < 0.001). However, preoperative outer retinal SD-OCT findings were not associated with postoperative visual prognosis. Conclusion: From this study, we determined the visual prognostic factors of ERM surgery without confounding factors, such as visual acuity improvement following combined cataract surgery, and inner retinal SD-OCT findings more significantly associated with the visual prognosis of ERM surgery compared to outer retinal SD-OCT findings.
Dynamic models of multicriteria to combine variables: the use of parametric model and genetic algorithm in the study of the World Heritage area recognized by UNESCO in Pampulha, Brazil
Authors: Motta Silvio Romero Fonseca , Moura Ana Clara Mourão , Ribeiro Suellen Roquete
Published: September 2019

The present paper surveys dynamic models of multicriteria to combine variables using parametric model and genetic algorithm as a method of changing the adequacy level of variables in a multicriteria analysis (MCA). The aim is to simulate if-then scenarios of territorial occupation of commerce, housing and green areas. The case study is a MCA for the buffer zone of the modern assembly of Niemeyer in Pampulha region, Belo Horizonte, Brazil, declared World Heritage by UNESCO. The parametric model was developed in Grasshopper software. The level of adequacy/score of the territorial units to characterize attractiveness and vulnerabilities to land use change was defined by "knowledge-driven" in the layers: Safety Risks, Fragility in Infrastructure, Bus Stop and Centralities due to Interaction Potential. The land use change simulation "if-then" was defined by "objective-driven", due the use of fitness-function in genetic algorithm, with the goal to achieve the best distribution of land use changes, in order to result in a more balanced use of the territory (commerce, housing or vegetation), but also considering attractiveness and vulnerabilities defined by the characteristics of the neighborhoods (centralities, transportation, safety and fragilities in infrastructure). The parametric model generates “if-then” simulation, calculating an index of suitability for each territorial unit and changing the land use according to the objective-driven to be achieved in fitness-function.
Arquitecturas en relación con el contexto: comportamientos sensibles como formas de comunicación
Authors: Frogheri Daniela , Meneses-Carlos Fernando , Estévez Alberto T.
Published: September 2019

Este escrito presenta una investigación sobre la relación entre arquitectura y contexto aplicada al desarrollo de un pabellón sensible que recibe datos a través de sensores en vivo, a los cuales responde y se adapta en tiempo real, generando una resiliencia biunívoca entre el objeto arquitectónico y el contexto. La investigación se desarrolla a través de la integración de procesos de morfogénesis digital, diseño generativo paramétrico y asociativos, la plataforma de Arduino, sensores y dispositivos de entrada y salida que conectan datos y materia; gracias a la programación y la fabricación digital. El resultado es un pabellón diseñado y fabricado digitalmente, cuya morfología es surge desde la relación entre sus reglas internas de conformación, generadas a través de algoritmos, la materia, que le proporciona capacidades autopoiéticas, además de la relación con el exterior basada en comportamientos de seres basados en la proximidad y la mimesis. El pabellón, a través de sensores, recibe datos del entorno y reacciona con cambios de colores y de forma, que le permiten de trascender desde el concepto del objeto arquitectónico como entidad fija y cerrada, desarrollando y expresando en pleno el concepto del proyecto como sistema.
No tom, como manda o figurino:
Authors: Valente Heloísa De Araújo Duarte , Wajman Solange
Published: September 2019

Este texto pretende demonstrar como o processo de nomadismo e movência dos textos artísticos pode interferir nas formas de sensibilidade e, consequentemente, nos processos de comunicação estética. Para tanto, tomamos versões paródicas de filmes da década de 1950, com o fim de verificar: 1) como a apropriação paródica estabelece uma semântica particular, considerando o trânsito entre arte e o espetáculo de entretenimento popular; 2) como as novas versões modificam o estatuto da obra e por conseguinte, sua fruição. Para este estudo, tomam-se elementos das linguagens da moda e da música. Concluímos que para além de novas formas de sensibilidade, tais obras constituem memória cultural, no seio da cultura midiática.
Publicística, a precursora das ciências da comunicação?
Authors: Daros Otávio
Published: September 2019

Em Síntese de história da publicística - Estágios reflexivos da ciência da comunicação pública alemã, Francisco Rüdiger apresenta aos leitores de língua portuguesa importante contribuição ao estudo da história do pensamento comunicacional. Mostramos como o relato lança luz sobre as origens, formação e declínio deste projeto acadêmico até a década 1970, quando cedeu espaço às ciências da comunicação, hoje ciências da mídia. Avaliamos os méritos da obra e questionamos a pretensão  do autor em oferecer matéria para amparar sua suspeita: a publicística como precursora do campo acadêmico de comunicação.
Progressos e retrocessos na conquista da equidade de gênero no Brasil
Authors: Alves José Eustáquio Diniz , Cavenaghi Suzana
Published: September 2019

O Brasil está em uma encruzilhada. Depois de ser um dos países de maior crescimento econômico e de maior mobilidade social, ao longo do século XX, seu desenvolvimento entrou em ritmo de estagnação. A dinâmica econômica favorável ajudava no progresso geral das condições de vida da população e favorecia, em especial, a redução das desigualdades de gênero no país. As mulheres brasileiras conquistaram vitórias expressivas desde a Proclamação da República, em especial, depois da Segunda Guerra Mundial, porém, a atual recessão econômica, que se desdobra em crise social e política, estancou o processo de maior igualdade entre homens e mulheres e já apresenta retrocessos na busca da equidade de gênero, no campo da maior autonomia em geral, mas especialmente em relação à inserção feminina no mercado de trabalho e na área dos direitos sexuais e reprodutivos.
Curators of Markets, Designers of Place: The Case of the Street Food Scene in London
Authors: Concha Paz
Published: September 2019

This article focusses on the work of street-food market organizers in London as a design practice. The argument is based on ethnographic research about the curation of the street-food scene, which aimed at understanding how market organizers created markets as economic entities and design marketplaces as urban forms. Space, objects, people, aesthetics, and atmospheres were designed into a marketplace with distinctive qualities. As such, market designers perform an important role as urban actors. They not only design the qualities of place but also use them to create inequalities in the street-food scene and the urban realm more widely.
Un traité de droit mālikite égyptien redécouvert : Aṣbaġ b. al-Faraǧ (m. 225/ 840) et le serment d’abstinence
Authors: Tillier Mathieu , Vanthieghem Naïm
Published: September 2019

Le présent article propose l’édition de deux papyrus juridiques relatifs à la répudiation, conservés dans la collection Michaelidès de la Bibliothèque universitaire de Cambridge. Le premier, une page de titre datant du milieu du iiie/ixe siècle, suggère que le second, un extrait relatif au serment d’abstinence (īlāʾ), est attribuable au juriste mālikite égyptien Aṣbaġ b. al-Faraǧ (m. 225/840). Cet échantillon, qui pourrait constituer les seules pages survivantes du Samāʿ ou des Nawāzil de cet auteur, fait alterner des citations du Muwaṭṭa⁠ʾ de Mālik et l’argumentation d’une autre autorité, peut-être Aṣbaġ lui-même ; il préserve par ailleurs la trace de controverses juridiques tant dans le milieu des savants médinois que dans celui des juristes égyptiens. Ces deux papyrus offrent ainsi un témoignage inédit sur la formation d’un maḏhab mālikite en Égypte et sur la relation dialogique qui s’instaura, dans la première moitié du iiie/ixe siècle, entre les juristes qui se réclamaient du maître médinois.
Discerning God in 1 Kings 3
Authors: Wadholm Rick
Published: September 2019

This paper discusses the literary textures of 1 Kings 3 in light of ambiguity and discernment for readers engaging the characters of Yahweh and Solomon (who may themselves be ambiguous) and suggests a textual call for discernment. The ambiguities and discernment of the text finds resonance within Pentecostal praxis as the Pentecostal community moves toward discerning what God is doing and saying within their midst as interplay of Word and Spirit. This movement functions both descriptively and prescriptively for Pentecostal praxis in the experience of wisdom as Word and Spirit.
Contribution to the phylogeny of Caucasian Nonea (Boraginaceae) inferred from nrDNA ITS and trnL-F data

Authors: GÜZEL MURAT ERDEM , KARIMOV VUGAR , MAKBUL SERDAR , COŞKUNÇELEBİ KAMİL
Published: September 2019

Nonea (Boraginaceae) with nearly 35 species was divided into four sections based on the shape of mericarpids and the position of the anthers in the corolla tube. Although several comprehensive taxonomic studies have been performed on Turkish and European Nonea taxa, Caucasian ones have not been studied well. Therefore Caucasian Nonea need close attention with regard to molecular systematics. In this study, 15 Caucasian Nonea including N. cyanocalyx and N. bakuensis were evaluated with nrDNA ITS and cpDNA trnL-F sequence data using Maximum Parsimony and Bayesian Inference to reconstruct phylogeny. All examined members of Nonea were grouped at three main clades with weak to good support values based on nrITS and at two main clades with moderate to good support values based on trnL-F. Both trees did not coincide with the traditional sub-generic delimitation of Nonea, but nrITS tree supported monophyly of Nonea. On the other hand, Pulmonaria is deeply nested in Nonea in the trnL-F tree. Moreover, present findings support treating N. cyanocalyx and N. bakuensis as distinct species rather than subspecies and revealed a preliminary phylogenetic structure of little known Caucasian Nonea.
Understanding Homelessness in Neoliberal City: A Study from Delhi
Authors: Ghosh Subhamay
Published: September 2019

‘Homelessness’ is the worst form of urban poverty, and in the wake of neoliberalism it has become more pervasive in cities across the world. Taking the case of Delhi, the study focuses on the making of homelessness, the connotation of being homeless, and the nature of responses from a governing institution to homelessness in the neoliberal city. The study reveals that large scale slum demolition in the last three decades has rendered thousands of people homeless. They are denied of basic human rights and human necessities. They are not even allowed to reside in the open spaces of the city. Governing actors have bypassed their duties by setting up only a ‘few’ night-shelters in the city, most of which remained unoccupied because of several adversities. The study also reveals that homelessness is the outcome of governance failure and the failure of the welfare state. But the structural problem of homelessness is completely overlooked both in policy and by ‘other’ sections of society.