bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
CUSTOMER RELATIONSHIP MANAGEMENT PADA PENGELOLAAN DATA TRANSAKSI PRODUK USAHA MIKRO KECIL DAN MENEGAH (UMKM)
Authors: Akip Suhendar
Published: March 2024

Penelitian ini akan mengeksplorasi penerapan Customer Relationship Management (CRM) dalam konteks pengelolaan data transaksi produk Usaha Mikro Kecil dan Menengah (UMKM) khususnya pada BUMDES Cikande Permai. Fokus utama adalah mengintegrasikan konsep CRM untuk meningkatkan efisiensi dan efektivitas dalam pengelolaan transaksi UMKM. Pembahasan pada penelitian ini mencakup aspek-aspek kunci seperti penerapan CRM, pengelolaan data transaksi, dan inovasi teknologi. Penelitian ini membahas bagaimana integrasi teknologi informasi dalam bentuk e-commerce dan konsep CRM dapat memberikan nilai tambah dalam memahami kebutuhan pelanggan, meningkatkan hubungan pelanggan, dan mengoptimalkan operasional UMKM. Selain itu, jurnal ini membahas tantangan dan peluang yang muncul dalam menghadapi perkembangan teknologi dan dinamika UMKM. Hasilnya memberikan wawasan mendalam dalam menerapkan inovasi teknologi dan strategi CRM untuk mendukung pertumbuhan dan keberlanjutan UMKM.
Design of Fuel Monitoring Application for Reservoir Tanks in Army Fuel Supply Point on Military Logistics Corps Based on Internet of Things
Authors: Akbar Rizky Safrizal , Kholid Fajar , Kasiyanto Kasiyanto , Widiatmoko Dekki , Achmad Afif
Published: March 2024

The Bekang Corps, a vital component of the Army responsible for logistics and transportation, plays a crucial role in maintaining the military's operational readiness and mobility. In the intricate landscape of military operations, the seamless integration of strategy, logistics, and tactics becomes imperative for success. Integrated logistical support, encompassing maintenance, supply, personnel, education, and training, and base facility support, serves as the backbone of effective military operations. However, the manual monitoring of underground fuel tanks at Storage and Supply Points (SPBT) presents challenges in terms of potential errors, time consumption, and significant efforts. The aim of this research is to address these issues by focusing on leveraging Internet of Things (IoT) technology to design and implement a monitoring application specifically tailored for the SPBT environment within the Army's Bekang Unit. This research method is aimed at providing a real-time solution for efficiently monitoring and managing fuel levels. By integrating the Float Level Switch sensor and NodeMCU ESP 8266 microcontroller, this research establishes a foundation in IoT. The Android application, developed using Android Studio, serves as the user interface, while Firebase functions as the real-time database, facilitating seamless communication and data exchange. The results of this research are the successful implementation of this IoT-based solution, which not only enhances the accuracy and responsiveness of fuel level monitoring but also contributes significantly to military operational efficiency. The anticipated significant contribution of the application includes the enhancement of military operational efficiency, the reduction of human error risks, and an increased sense of responsibility regarding fuel availability for operational needs.
EVENT STUDY: THE IMPACT OF THE RUSSIA-UKRAINE INVASION ON STOCK PRICES AND ABNORMAL RETURNS
Authors: Widoretno Astrini Aning , Fitriyah Ni'mah Nur Aida
Published: March 2024

Background of The Study: The capital market is able to react quickly to issues that arise around it. In February 2022, Russia conducted military operations against Ukraine. Of course, this stole global attention. Investors need to pay attention to any information that may affect trading in the capital market.

Purpose of The Study: Empirically analyze how the news of Russia's invasion of Ukraine affects the stock prices and abnormal returns of energy industry companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX).

Research Method: The research uses the event study method, with an observation period of 30 days before and after the announcement to measure the public reaction to the news of the invasion by Russia.

Research Result: The results showed that there were visible changes in stock prices from before to after the news of the Russia-Ukraine invasion was announced, as shown in this study. Meanwhile, there is no visible difference in abnormal returns either before or after the news announcement of the invasion between Russia and Ukraine is published.

Research Gap: Russia's invasion of Ukraine occurred in 2022, and this study examines companies in the energy industry.

Keywords: Russia-Ukraine Invasion, Stock Price, Abnormal Return, Event Study.
THE URGENCY OF TAX AVOIDANCE MODERATED BY THE UTILIZATION OF TAX HAVENS COUNTRY
Authors: Wahyunita Tiara , Pambudi Januar Eky , Febrianto Hendra Galuh
Published: March 2024

Background: Tax avoidance can work because there is tax planning in advance from the taxpayer. This tax planning is legal because it utilizes loopholes that are not regulated in tax regulations. If tax planning meets business needs, the results can be said to be good.

Objective: The purpose of this study is to examine how the use of tax avoidance as a moderating factor impacts thin capitalization, capital intensity, and corporate social responsibility.

Research Methods: This is a quantitative study that applies hypothesis testing. This study involved 26 manufacturing companies listed on the IDX from 2017 to 2021. The purposive sampling method was used to collect data. The data was tested with multiple linear regression.

Research Results: Thin capitalization and capital intensity have a significant positive effect on tax avoidance, while corporate social responsibility has no effect on tax avoidance. The use of tax havens country cannot moderate the influence between thin capitalization and corporate social responsibility on tax avoidance.

Originality/Wideness of Research: Using data from 2017-2021, this study investigates the relationship between thin capitalization, capital intensity, and corporate social responsibility on tax avoidance with the use of tax havens as moderation.

 
THE ROLE OF BUSINESS STRATEGY IN MODERATING THE EFFECT OF ESG PERFORMANCE ON FIRM VALUE
Authors: Xaviera Areta , Rahman Annisaa
Published: March 2024

Background: The sustainability issue has become a global conversation both in society and especially in the business world. Climate change, social crises, and environmental issues pose threats to the global economy, especially for developing countries with weaker infrastructures compared to developed nations, thus necessitating sustainable practices, one of which is through ESG disclosure.

Objective: This study aims to empirically examine the influence of ESG performance on firm value with business strategy using Miles & Snow's typology (1978) as a moderator.

Research Methodology: This study uses unbalanced panel data regression with fixed effects using robust standard error to prevent bias in testing the formulated hypotheses. The population in this study consists of non-financial sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (BEI) from 2018 to 2022, with a sample of 194 companies. The data collection method utilizes purposive sampling. Data is analyzed using the panel data regression method.

Research Findings: The results of this study show that ESG performance has a significant negative impact on firm value. Furthermore, this research finds that business strategy can moderate the relationship between ESG performance and firm value, where it strengthens the negative relationship between ESG and firm value. Additional analysis reveals that the defender strategy weakens the negative relationship between ESG and firm value. Meanwhile, the other two strategies are unable to moderate the relationship between ESG and firm value.

Originality/Novelty of Research: This is a study examining the influence of ESG on firm value with business strategy as a moderator in the non-financial sector companies in Indonesia listed on the BEI using data from 2018 to 2022
IMPLEMENTATION OF GREEN ACCOUNTING, INTELLECTUAL CAPITAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL PERFORMANCE ON COMPANY VALUE MEDIATED BY FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE
Authors: Widiyaningsih Vitalis Ari , Nugroho Jati Agustinus Kismet
Published: March 2024

Background: Company value is not only influenced by investment fundamentals and business expansion, but also by environmental factors and society is increasingly complex. This research looks at green practices accounting as strategy For increase efficiency management environment And importance not quite enough answer social And environment companies, especially in the mining sector, often receive critics.

Objective: Objective from study This is Forknow influence green     accounting, intellectual capital and performance environment to Mark Company. Variable Mediation that is Performance Finance Also will tested whether it will strengthen the influence of Green Accounting , Intellectual Capital And Performance Environment encountered Mark Company.

Method Study : Method Which used study This that is method quantitative with data secondary. Technique collection data that is using purposive sampling . The data used is in the form of reports annual financials for mining companies listed on the IDX 2018 period - 2022 and get research sample as much 35. Method study This use model regression data panel with test three models namely common effect model , fixed effect model and random effect model with tool test Eviews 11.

Results Study : Results study show Green Accounting , Intellectual Capital And Performance Environment No influential significant to Mark Company. Performance Company influential significant to Mark Company. Performance company No mediate influence Green Accounting against mark company. Performance Company mediate the influence of environmental performance on company value. Company performance does not mediate the influence of Intellectual Capital on Company Value.

Authenticity/Novelty Study : Study This take variable Which different that is Green Accounting Which moment This the more in intensify related damage natural Which happen No Because public general but Also the impact of business processes, research data is a mining company Which registered in BEI period 2018 - 2022
Memoria, vituperio y extrema derecha en un homenaje a Hebe de Bonafini
Authors: Vitale María Alejandra
Published: March 2024

El propósito de este artículo es caracterizar, desde un enfoque retórico del análisis del discurso (Vitale, en prensa), la construcción de una memoria ominosa de la líder de las Madres de Plaza de Mayo, Hebe de Bonafini. En específico, se analiza el discurso que el político de extrema derecha, José Luis Espert, pronunció en el marco del homenaje que le realizó la Cámara de Diputados de la Argentina el 24 de noviembre de 2022.
Ecologías estomacales
Authors: Díaz Yunuen
Published: March 2024

El objetivo del presente trabajo es analizar las problemáticas en los sistemas alimentarios contemporáneos para mostrar cómo la emergencia de estéticas ecoalimentarias es una respuesta a un contexto global donde la comida se ha convertido en un asunto político. Desde los estudios ecofeministas se ha enfatizado cómo la alimentación atañe a los cuerpos pero también a los ecosistemas, pues la relación alimentaria es una relación con el entorno. Las ecologías estomacales ponen en relación el cuidado de la comida y del medio ambiente.
Clinical case of delayed diagnosis of celiac enteropathy
Authors: Rakhmetova V. S. , Beisenbekova A. A. , Temirbek M. T.
Published: March 2024

The article presents a clinical case of late diagnosis of celiac enteropathy. Celiac disease is an immune‑mediated enteropathy that results in intolerance to dietary gluten. This disease affects the small intestine, and course variability is typical for it. Some patients have no symptoms or only signs of nutritional deficiencies. In other cases, severe manifestations associated with gastrointestinal, extraintestinal symptoms and malabsorption syndrome are observed. Female patient A., 33 years old, came to the clinic with complaints of bloating, loose stools, weight loss, swelling of the lower extremities, fatigue, weakness and hair loss. The disease began to manifest itself in August 2020, when the patient began to lose weight and suffer from bloating, but did not seek medical help. In 2021, as a result of research, the local therapist diagnosed iron deficiency anemia and prescribed appropriate medications. In subsequent years, the patient continued to see doctors, including a gastroenterologist, who made diagnosis of chronic pancreatitis and intestinal dysbiosis. However, in March 2023, new symptoms appeared, such as swelling of the lower extremities and cramps, which prompted the patient to continue examinations. Additional studies showed the presence of cytolytic syndrome, coagulopathy, decreased folic acid and hypoproteinemia, electrolyte disturbances, high titers of anti‑tissue transglutaminase antibodies and endoscopy signs of celiac disease. As a result of further examination, a diagnosis was made of celiac disease with a clinical variant of the classical type. The authors conclude that this clinical case is an example of late diagnosis of celiac disease and highlight the importance of promptly seeking medical attention for symptoms and risk factors. Diagnosis of celiac disease is based on clinical manifestations, the results of serological studies and morphological examination of the small intestine.
Overall, this article highlights the importance of early diagnosis and treatment of celiac disease, and the need for additional research to confirm the diagnosis. This clinical case confirms the importance of timely diagnosis of celiac disease and awareness of its various clinical manifestations. The importance of increasing awareness of celiac disease among health care workers and the public is emphasized for timely diagnosis and proper management of this disease.
IDENTIFIKASI KESEGARAN IKAN
Authors: Auliya Alfi Yusril
Published: March 2024

The purpose of making it is for students to understand the freshness of fish, be able to distinguish the stages of decay of aquatic committees, and identify the level of freshness of fish. Fresh fish is very influential in buying and selling, so it really must be paid attention to its freshness for sale or processing
PENGARUH MODAL KERJA TERHADAP PROFITABILITAS PERUSAHAAN (Studi Kasus pada PT AKR Corporindo Tbk)
Authors: Ardiansyah Mohammad Makinun Amin , Mulyati Diana Juni , Maruta IGN Anom
Published: March 2024

Competition in the wider business world makes a company try to improve the company's financial quality. One way that can be done to improve the company's financial quality is through increasing the prosperity of ownership or shareholders. The existence of shareholders is very influential on the survival of the company. The research aims to determine and analyze the effect of Working Capital on Company Profitability Case Study at PT AKR Corporindo Tbk. This study uses quantitative research. The sampling technique used is the Case Study Technique and Documentation Technique. Data from this study are in the form of PT AKR Corporindo Tbk's financial reports for the 2018-2022 period. Determination of this sample using the Wibisono formula and obtained data from a total of 20 samples. The data analysis technique used in this study is Simple Linear Regression Analysis. Based on the results of research conducted by researchers with the title "The Influence of Working Capital on Company Profitability Case Study at PT AKR Corporindo Tbk". Shows that the working capital variable has a positive and significant effect on the profitability variable in the 2018-2022 period, which means that if the working capital variable increases by one unit, the profitability variable increases 0.004.
ANALISA KEPUASAN KINERJA CLEANING SERVICE (Studi Kasus : PT. ARTHA KEMBAR UTAMA di UIN SUNAN AMPEL SURABAYA)
Authors: Wicaksono Aldi Bayu
Published: March 2024

PT. ARTHA KEMBAR UTAMA is a well – known cleaning service provider company in the province at East Java. A service company located at Puri Surya Jaya Housing Cluster Taman Nagoya, blk E2 – E4 No. 45, Sidoarjo Regency, East Java, is often trusted in handling cleaning matters.many agencies have been entrusted to this company, starting from Airlangga University Hospital, Hospital in Madiun Regency, and Ofcourse the place that I will use as research for this project, namely Sunan Ampel State Islamic University, Surabaya. Consumer satisfaction greatly influeces the assessment of the quality of a cleaners work, therefore it is important for every company to conduct a test or assessment of consumer/user satisfaction. To find out the level of consumer satisfaction with food, a comparison was made of the level exizting satisfaction and satisfaction after the research.
RANCANG BANGUN MESIN SPINNER UNTUK MEMBANTU PROSES PENIRISAN MINYAK KERIPIK GADUNG DI UMKM PAWON D’TIENS
Authors: Pratama Rizky , Widodo Dian Setiya
Published: March 2024

Pawon D'tiens UMKM, located in Begaganlimo Village, Gondang District, Mojokerto Regency, East Java, manufactures gadung chips from gadung tubers that have been processed through many stages. The problems in Pawon D'tiens UMKM that will be resolved by this research are specifically in the oil draining process, where the draining process is still manual, and there is still a lot of oil stuck to the gadung chips, which can reduce the quality of the chips, for example, the chips crumble easily, have a rancid smell, and don't last long, making consumers less interested. As a result, we wish to assist Pawon D'tiens MSMEs in problem resolution by building machinespinners as needed and adding a rotating speed controller. This study focuses on the design of a transmission system that incorporates shafts, a pulley, and a v-belt.In designing the transmission system, the research acquired the following results: axles built of 20 mm ST 40 iron, pulleys measuring 100 mm and 200 mm, and v-belt type B-68 with a circumferential length of 1727.2 mm.
Learning With Jigsaw: A Systematic Review Gathering All the Pieces of the Puzzle More Than 40 Years Later
Authors: Vives Eva , Poletti Céline , Robert Anaïs , Butera Fabrizio , Huguet Pascal ,   ProFAN Consortium, Régner Isabelle
Published: March 2024

The jigsaw classroom is a cooperative learning method designed in the late 1970s to improve the academic performance of minority children by reducing intergroup conflict and increasing self-evaluations. Despite its high popularity, the available evidence for the effectiveness of this method seems scant and mixed, with neither meta-analysis nor systematic review. To fill this gap, the authors conducted a systematic review of studies conducted from 1978 through 2022 to assess the effects of jigsaw on both academic performance and psychosocial variables (e.g., intergroup relationships, self-evaluations). Sixty-nine studies met the inclusion criteria. This review revealed the research trends, research gaps, and issues of research integrity of the jigsaw literature. If the results indicate that the jigsaw classroom overall leads to positive effects, findings vary depending on the academic subjects and psychosocial variables measured. The authors discuss the challenges of jigsaw activities and the limitations of studies reviewed and conclude with practical recommendations in the context of digital education.
AN EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION FOR THE SYNTHESIS OF OXALIC ACID BY NITRIC ACID OXIDATION OF DATES FRUIT AND SYRUP
Authors: Al-Rawi Harith N. , Al-Hemiri Adil , Aboud Murttha N.
Published: March 2024

An experimental investigation was conducted to study the various parameters affecting the production of oxalic acid by the action of concentrated nitric acid on carbohydrates. Two feedstocks were studied, viz., dates fruit and dates syrup. The study also covered the effect of the amount of nitric acid and catalyst used in addition to employing two acid concentrations (67 wt.% and 98 wt.% acid). The results showed that when using 67 wt.% nitric acid, dates syrup was best suited as a raw material. And the best amount of nitric acid and V₂O, catalyst were in the ratio of 150 mls: 25 mg per 50 g feedstock. When using 98 wt.% nitric acid, no catalyst was required for the reaction and the reaction proceeded violently with the evolution large amount of the nitrogen oxides
OSSIBILITY STUDY OF KEROSENE FRACTION PRODUCED FROM YEMEN CRUDE OIL AS JET FUEL WITH HIGH QUALITY SPECIFICATION
Authors: Bin Harharah Amed Nasser , Elshaamal Salmin Saed
Published: March 2024

Laboratory investigation and many comparisons between laboratory and commercial samples ofYemeni kerosene distillates were carried out .The physico-chemical properties of the kerosenedistillates were determined . The possibility of their utilization as an aviation turbine fuel with highquality specification " assisting the increase of flight height and velocity " was confirmed . At thefirst look to obtained results , it is shown that the physicochemical properties for all samples are inthe international permissible limits. The carbon content is distributed as the following: 15% normalparaffin ; 50% branched paraffin ; 2% mono-cycloalkanes ; 16% bicycloalkanes ; 16% branchedmono-cycloaromat with branches prevailing ; 1% bicycloaromat . The samples are not hygroscopicfor long period of time . The smoke point is in higher limits standard . Where the freezing point isin lower limits standard .These points prove that the Yemeni kerosene might be prepared for aspectra of jet aircrafts. This Kerosen permit high flying height because it has lower density andfreezing point and it permit high velocity of aviation because it has high percentage of branshed andcyclparaffins with high specific energy without needed for addition of chemical additives, butmay be need for portion of isomers of paraffin.
OPTIMIZATION OF THE OPERATION OF A COMPLEX WATER RESOURCES SYSTEM PART-I: ANALYSIS OF THE CONVERGENCE CRITERION IN A SOLUTION BY THE DISCRETE DIFFERENTIAL DYNAMIC PROGRAMMING
Authors: Al-Delewy Abdulhadi Ahmed , Imara Numa Hamad
Published: March 2024

An iterative solution procedure necessarily involves pre- specified convergence criteria to stop teration. The Discrete Differential Dynamic Programming procedure to solve optimization problems formulated by the Dynamic Programming is an iterative solution procedure which, in its traditional form, involves two convergence criteria, namely, (a) and (B). The research used the optimum operation of an existing complex water resources system as a case study. The objective function was formulated as the maximum real monetary return. The formulated optimization model was run for a total of (194) different operation cases. Beside the traditional (a) and (B), seven new styles for a unique convergence criterion were examined in the solution. Considering the monetary return and the number of performed iterations as the bases of comparison, the research showed that the new (7) convergence criterion was the favorite amongthe tested convergence criteria.
STIFFNESS AND DAMPING PROPERTIES OF EMBEDDED MACHINE FOUNDATIONS
Authors: Al-Azawi Thamir K. , Al-Azawi Raad K. , Al-Jaberi Zuhair K.
Published: March 2024

In this study, a dynamic analysis of machine foundations under vertical excitations is carried out.The effect of embedment and foundation geometry has been taken into account. The stiffness anddamping of soil are considered as frequency dependents. A computer program (CPESP) in FORTRAN POWER STATION has been coded to evaluate the stiffness and damping coefficients depending on excitation frequency and embedment depth. Results have shown that increasing the embedment depth leads to increasing the resonant frequency and decreasing the amplitude of vibration.
FLOW COMPUTATION THROUGH THE PASSAGE BOUNDED BY THE DISH AND SUPPORTS OF THE AWACS
Authors: Hussien Ihsan Y. , Mahmood Shwan F.
Published: March 2024

A numerical method has been introduced to predict the flow through a complex geometry bounded by the fuselage, airfoil supports and rotating dish of the AWACS. The finite volume computational approach is used to carry out all computations with staggered grid arrangement. The (k-ε) turbulence model is utilized to describe the turbulent flow. The solution algorithm is based on the technique of automatic numerical grid generation of curvilinear coordinate system having coordinate lines coincident with the boundary counters regardless of its shape. A general coordinate transformation is used to represent complex geometries accurately and the grid is generated using a system of elliptic partial differential equations technique. The extension of the SIMPLE algorithm for compressible flow is used to obtain the required solution.. The results obtained in the present work show that the moving boundary (the rotating dish) has small effects on the free stream and the effects vanish after short distance away from the lower surface of the rotating dish along the span distance. The results of the proposed numerical method show good agreement with available results obtained in literatures.
الاغتراب في البيئة العمرانية
Authors: البزاز انعام امين , ابونا روني سامي
Published: March 2024

The Concept of Alienation has succeeded in being the main and most dealt phenomena and estate in the modern era , thus it was issued in different fields of knowledge such as Language , philosophy , Social and Psychological Sciences alongside the field of Architecture , and that caused the special pivot of the research and that was represented with ( Alienation in the Built Environment) . The Concept of Alienation consists of three main forms ( Physical/Spatial , Social and Psychological Alienation) ; The first can be defined as the rapture in the relationship between man and his surrounded built environment caused by the urban tissue disintegration, the latter effected on the built environment physical consistencies like the architectural symbols, beside it created some contradicted areas where chaotic and anonymat urban spaces were the main reasons for the lack of the social interaction and the spread of socially alienated people. The previous forms of alienation caused psychological disorder and conflict to men living within such fragmented built environment. Consequently these items were chosen for the purpose of application in the main pilot study alongside with two specified projects. The first is Hay Al-Siha in Dora area and the second is 9 Nissan in Al-Salhiya area both projects are residential areas which built in contemporary period. The main conclusion came out that the contemporary local built environment suffers from alienation crisis that appears with its three forms alternatively , depending on some secondary factors like social , economical , cultural and time factors, which is caused by innovation and renewal processes attached with rapid and sudden changes. These processes consist of discontinuity and rapture in the relationships that links its main elements like man-built environment and man-man relationship.
العلاقة بين الطراز و الحركة في العمارة و اثرها في التصميم على الاعمال المعمارية المعاضرة في العراق
Authors: مراد تازة عبد الرزاق علي , رزوقي غادة موسى
Published: March 2024

One of the basic considerations to determine specialty and identity of any architecture is its role as epistemological discipline in specific cultural structure, so the research depending on cultural history theories is able to distinguish between two types of architecture identification that, is architectural style and architectural movements by its relation to culture. The research basic focusing is on the relation between style and movement in architecture and its influence on architecture especially in Iraq. Where the last had a lot of analytical and critical studies from different points. So the research problem has concerned with the epistemological confusion in styles and movement concepts and the relation between them in addition to the lack of information that explains the influence of any of them on contemporary architectural design in Iraq. For reaching the research goal in explaining the way that architectural products would belong to architectural style or movement and its influence on contemporary design in Iraq from (1965-2005) .First the research had to extract stylistic and move mental measures architecturally, which counts as objective measures can be implemented on any historical or present stage and then implement it on Iraqi architecture in the stage (from 1965 to 2005) The research finally reached to a number of results ,the most important that is Iraqi architectural design from 1965 to 2005 is the stage where architectural thoughts was born. The research put the stage in two parts; the first one (from the sixties to the end of seventies) was able to define a general basic trend in the necessity of heritage in contemporary architecture but its experiences were a kind of continuity to modern solutions with specialty of a place, environment and culture, others built on stylistic metaphors as a way of making contemporary architecture in Iraq. The later staqe of this stage developed a consesuous experiences toward heritage and conceptual understanding of style, so it didn't have continues stylistics elements or a parallel experiences in a specific movement, but it depend on individual translation of architectural solution. The last result of the research is that between the individual way of thinking and a general theoretical solutions in which comes the joint of architectural movement that unify a common architectural terminologies between people tests and architect thoughts.
NUMERICAL STUDY FOR A THREE DIMENSIONAL LAMINAR NATURAL CONVECTION HEAT TRANSFER FROM AN ISOTHERMAL HEATED HORIZONTAL AND INCLINED SQUARE PLATE AND WITH A CIRCULAR HOLE
Authors: Abd Yasmeen Hameed , Fayed Ikhlase M.
Published: March 2024

A theoretical study for a three-dimensional natural convection heat transfer from an isothermal horizontal , vertical and inclined heated square flat plates (with and without circular hole) has been done in the present work. The study involved the numerical solution of the transient Navier-Stokes and energy equations by using finite deference method (F.D.M.). The complete Navier-Stokes equation are transformed and expressed in terms of vorticity-vector potential. The Energy and Vorticity equations were solved by using an Alternating Direction Implicit (ADI) method because they are transient equations of parabolic portion, and the Vector potential is solved by using an equations Successive Over-Relaxation (S.O.R) method because it is from elliptic portion. The numerical solution is capable of calculating the Vector potential, three components of Vorticity and temperature field of the calculation domain. The numerical results were obtained in rang of Grashof number (103≤Gr≤5x104 ) with Prandtl number of (0.72) for square flat plate and the other consist a circle hole with ratio 0.6 and 0.8 diameter of the hole to main square side length. The numerical results showed that the main process of heat transfer is conduction for Grashof number less than 103 and convection for Grashof number larger than 103 and the results of local Nusselt number show fairly large dependence on inclination angle. For horizontal plate facing upward and downward, average Nusselt number is proportional to one-fifth power of Rayleigh number, and there is a significant difference in heat transfer rates between the upward and downward cases. For horizontal plate with circle hole facing upward for Grashof number 104 , the effect of core portion caused a limited increment in the heat transfer rate, where as for the facing downward case, the effect was larger and the maximum value of heat transfer rates is be for square flat plate with circle hole by ratio 0.6 for all inclination angles. With the increase of Grashof number to 5x104 heat transfer rates decrease except the square horizontal flat plate with circle hole by ratio 0.6 . The average Nusselt number increases with the increase of inclination of plates facing upward to reach to the higher average Nusselt number at vertical position then decrease with increase of inclination of plates. And the maximum value of average Nusselt number is depended on the ratio of diameter of the hole to main square side length, showed that the maximum temperature gradient occurs at the external edge of the horizontal plate (with and without circle hole) facing upward and at the lower external edge in inclined case. The numerical results was made through comparison with a previous numerical and experimental work, the agreement was good.
Selecting the Best Locations of New Primary Schools in New Baghdad by Using Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems
Authors: سليم بشار , حنا لمى
Published: March 2024

This paper deals with the using of Geographic Information Systems to build up analytical model to choose the best locations of new schools within the study area. This has been done by using satellite image of Baghdad city. Then multi themes digital maps were prepared to the study area. These can be used to update their data by using Geographic Information Systems software. Then, an analytical had been prepared to create the best probable locations, for new primary schools, depending on criteria, scientific technical specifications. Finally, we prepared layouts with geographical geometrical specifications for these proposed locations.
Tensegrity in Tensile Forces Structures
Authors: السهيري عاطف , حميد انس
Published: March 2024

The world witnesses in this period of time the appearance of various structural concepts. Technology and other factors helped in the development of many architectural forms that carried technological character manifested through efficiency, lightness, most of these forms are tensile structures. In spite of the fact that the use of tensile structures is still in doubt and suspicion, they started to appear in Arab countries and neighbouring regions, after they had been affected by the technological achievements of the technologically developed countries, and started to use such structures in their local buildings, especially if the factors needed to adapt such kind ofstructures are present on their lands, also the minds that can deal with such structures withspecial forces. The scientific fields had discovered a lot of in this field, but there is a gap indealing with principles and concepts of this force and its products. This had formed our research problem. So, the study depends on describtive-analytical method in dealing with one of thebasic concepts and thier biological bases which aim to give an imagination about tensile forces related to this subject -this is tensigrity concept- and its role in achieving architecture modern. The research concluded many points that throw some light on the subject of tensigrityof tensile forces stryucture.
A STUDY OF INFLUENCE OF VERTICAL VIBRATION ON HEAT TRANSFER COEFFICIENT FROM HORIZONTAL CYLINDERS
Authors: Al-Shorafa’a Majid. H. M.
Published: March 2024

Electrically heated horizontal cylinders of diameters 2.15cm,3cm, and 3.8cm were vibrated vertically in stagnant air at a frequency (10,15,20Hz) and amplitude range from (0.0005m) to (.0076m). The effect of different parameters on the heat transfer ratio (hv/ho) was investigated from its outer surface. It is concluded that, heat transfer ratio increases at high frequency and small diameter. Vibration Reynolds number has good effects on heat transfer ratio. (Gr.Pr) has bad indication on heat transfer ratio at high temperature difference (high heat flow). The vibration intensity also has good influence on heat transfer.
TWO-DIMENSIONAL CONSOLIDATION ANALYSIS OF PARTIALLY SATURATED EARTH EMBANKMENT UNDER ITS SELF WEIGHT BY USING THE FINITE ELEMENT METHOD
Authors: Al-Damluji Omar Al–Farouk S. , Al-Shakarchi Yousif J. , Zainel Abdul Kareem E.
Published: March 2024

This paper studies the two-dimensional analysis of the consolidation process for partially saturated soils applied to an earth embankment mainly from the theoretical point of view. The method of finite elements is used to find a numerical solution to describe the behavior of soils during consolidation. Moreover, this study was carried for both, isothermal and non-isothermal cases.The case of two–dimensional, plane strain consolidation is considered, as it is widely needed in the studies of soil mechanics. The parameters studied are displacement in the y–direction, pore water pressure, pore air pressure, and temperature. The embankment was constructed in Basrah - Iraq, where the temperature is usually high at most days of the year. It is believed that it is more realistic to model the embankment as a partially saturated soil rather than a fully saturated soil as was done before. The study reveals that: –- The consolidation process is affected by the degree of saturation. As the paths in the soil that are used by the pore–water and/or the pore–air may transfer from one state (open path) to another state (closed path) and vice versa. - The pore–water and the pore–air pressures are affected by temperature. The pressure increases when the temperature increases  (for a constant volume). This is usually the case inside the partially saturated soil. Temperature can affect indirectly the soil skeleton as a result of the change in pore–air and pore–water pressures.- The vertical displacement for partially saturated soil consolidation under self weight loading is noticed to have almost regular settlement. Then, there is an accelerated settlement due to the dissipation of the air and water pressures. After a while (after excess pressures dissipation), there will be a classical consolidation form.
CHARACTERISTICS OF GYPSIES SOILS TREATED WITH CALCIUM CHLORIDE SOLUTION
Authors: Al-Abdullah Saad Farhan , Al-Dulaimi Nabeel Shaker Mahmood
Published: March 2024

Gypseous Soils are distributed in many regions in the world including Iraq, which cover about (31.7%) of the surface area of the country. Existence of these soils, some times with high gypsum content, caused difficult problems to the buildings and strategic projects due to dissolution and leaching of the gypsum slates by the action of water flow through the soil mass. In this study the effect of treatment with Dihydrate Calcium Chloride (CaCl2.2H2O) as water solution on compaction, compressibility, leaching, permeability and shear strength characteristics of Gypseous soil is investigated. It is found that the maximum dry unit weight increases while optimum moisture content decreases with the increase in the concentration of calcium chloride in the molding water. It is concluded that the engineering properties of the samples are highly improved when the samples are soaked in calcium chloride solution at (20%) concentration. Where, considerable reduction is observed in compressibility, collapsibility, coefficient of permeability, percentage of dissolved gypsum and leaching strain. Also, the treatment minimizes the reduction in cohesion component (c) upon soaking in water and slightly decreases the angle of internal friction (). Analysis of the tests results showed that the using of calcium chloride solution in improvement the gypseous soil is more efficient than using it in any other form (powder).
APPLICATION OF MATHEMATICAL DRILLING MODEL ON SOUTHERN IRAQI OIL FIELDS
Authors: Hamad-Allah Sameera M. , Ismael Ali A.
Published: March 2024

Minimum-cost well drilling demands the best use of controllable drilling variables for each formation to be drilled. To reach this aim, this study was divided into two main parts: The first part deals with applying a mathematical drilling model to field data of forty wells drilled at three major oil fields (RU, R, and Z). Bourgoyne & Young (1974) drilling model has been modified to take into consideration the combined effect of weight on bit, rotary speed, bit type, bit size, flow rate, drilling fluid density, drilling fluid viscosity, oil content, bit-nozzle size, formation drillability, formation abrasiveness, bit bearing constant, formation hardness, formation compressive strength, differential pressure between mud column pressure and formation pressure, and bit dullness on drilling rate at these fields. The measurements of formation compressive strength have been achieved using 34 core plugs. These plugs were cut and prepared for soft, medium, and hard formations under study. The drilling model was fitted to Field data by using multiple regression analysis technique. The results of analysis gave low standard deviation, high correlation coefficient, and good matching between measured and calculated drilling rate. The validity of modeling process has been verified by applying the proposed drilling model on other wells that have not been included in the main analysis. The second part deals with using the drilling model together with non-linear optimization technique to determine the optimum values of the controllable drilling variables. These variables are: weight on bit, rotary speed, flow rate, drilling fluid density, drilling fluid viscosity, oil content, bit-nozzle size. Using the proposed mathematical drilling model together with the Constrained Rosenbrock optimization technique achieved a marked reduction in drilling cost about 60%, 75%, 80% in soft, medium, and hard formations respectively. The results of optimization were used to construct optimum bit record for the next wells to be drilled. For comparison purpose, this optimum bit record has been used to reduce the drilling cost for well RU263 and saved about 295000 $ in the total cost of this well which is equal to 394176 $.
A FUZZY RECOGNITION MODEL FOR ARABIC HANDWRITTEN ALPHABET
Authors: Ar-Ramahi Sami Kadhim Hasan
Published: March 2024

A fuzzy recognition model for some handwritten Arabic alphabet is designed. This fuzzy model could be envisaged as an algorithm which is structured over two concepts. First; the handwritten character variation is modeled by the fuzziness of the feature vector's elements. Second; the notion of entropy is fuzzily modified to extract the amount of information in the elements within the feature vector so as to speed up the recognition process. Consequently, a fuzzy recognition graph of the optimum paths decision tree is designed for the handwritten Arabic alphabet character's recognition.
ALTERNATE SLIDING FRICTION FORMULATIONS OF ELASTO - HYDRODYNAMIC OF SPUR GEARS
Authors: Al-Zubaidi Abbas F. Abbas
Published: March 2024

In this paper, several sliding friction formulations used in spur gear dynamics are examined and compared in terms of the predictions of interfacial friction forces and off-line-of-action. Computing friction formulations include Coulomb models with time-varying friction coefficients and empirical expressions based on elasto - hydrodynamic and/or boundary lubrication regime principles. Predicted results compare well with friction force measurements and appeared completely conformed with specific objectives of this paper are established as follows: (1) propose an improved MDOF spur gear pair model with time-varying coefficient of' friction, µ(t), given realistic mesh stiffness profiles.(2) comparatively evaluate alternate sliding friction models and predict the interfacial friction forces and motions in the off-line-of-action (OLOA) direction: and (3) validate one particular model (III) by comparing predictions to the benchmark gear friction force measurements
Study of Drop Size Distribution in RTL Contactor
Authors: Al-Hemiri Adil A.A. , Jany Yahya J.
Published: March 2024

The present work studied the drop size distribution in the RTL contactor using two liquid-liquid systems, xylene-acetone-water and kerosene-acetone-water. Process variables studied were: rpm (10-50 min-1), continuous phase flow rate (4-12 l/h), dispersed phase flow rate (4-12 l/h), and concentration (0.1-0.5 mole/l). It was found that Sauter mean drop diameter (d32) decreased with increasing rpm and continuous phase flow rate, and decreasing dispersed phase flow rate and concentration. An empirical correlation, with a correlation coefficient equal to (92.6%), relating d32 with process variables was developed having the form:
COMPUTER AIDED DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF CONVERTER CIRCUITS APPLIED FOR PHOTOVOLTAIC SYSTEM
Authors: Kubba Z. M. , AL-shara K. , AL-Shakarchi E.
Published: March 2024

This research intents to design and laboratory implementation of a power electronic converter, which is useful for home applications, industrial, communications, street light and water pumping using solar cell source. The design is based on a step up boost DC/DC converter followed by a full wave SPWM inverter. The nominal power rating is 1.25kW and can operate from any DC source such as DC battery besides fuel cells. The system which consists of the following stages (PV, converter, inverter, DC link, filter and snubber circuit), is designed primarily with a general module depending on Orcad PSPICE program to produce power output nearly 1.25kVA at 50Hz with a pure sinewave output for both voltage and current. After designing and simulating this system, the intended SPWM inverter are built experimentally to compare its results with the simulated one.
INCREASING THE OUTPUT VOLTAGE OF PWM INVERTER USING HARMONIC DISTORTION
Authors: باقر محمد حسين , عبد الحسن قاسم , رفعت احمد
Published: March 2024

By adding a measure of third harmonic to the output of each phase of three-phase inverter, it is possible to obtain a line-to-line output voltage that is 15 percent greater than that obtainable when pure sinusoidal modulation is employed.The line-to-line voltage is undistorted. The method permits the inverter to deliver an output voltage approximately equal to the voltage of the ac supply to the inverter. Thus an induction motor of standard rating with respect to the ac supply to the inverter can deliver very nearly full power at rated speed when supplied from the inverter. This is achieved without pulse dropping or any other form of mode changing.
FEASIBILITY STUDY OF POWER SAVING BASED ON USING EMMEDUE M2 BUILDING SYSTEM
Authors: Izzat Akram. W.
Published: March 2024

The present work concentrates on the feasibility of the heat load reduction by utilizing some structural material with very poor heat conductivity as isolators for heat transmission. Average annular heating and cooling load is estimated for a typical building of certain area and design using ordinary structural material and EMMEDUE M2 building system. The basic element of the new structural material is made of a foam polystyrene core that is self extinguishing and chemically inert with varying density and thickness depending on panel type. The calculations are based on the average maximum and minimum monthly temperature in Baghdad. Building heating load could mainly depend on the average temperature difference per each daily hour per year, while building cooling load components are; direct solar radiation, transmission load, ventilation/infiltration load and internal load. Except the transmission load which depends on the same average temperature difference the other factors could be calculated separately.A reduction of 55% in the annual load is estimated per each house using the new building technology. For a district sums up 1000 houses of the new structural design the total saving of power will be 10.45 MW. The saving in heating and cooling cost is estimated based on capital cost of the diesel generation system and the fuel consumption cost. It has been concluded that the passive structural heat isolation is a very effective manner in countries like Iraq which has severe temperature differences between thesummer and winter seasons.