bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The community of Mata de Limón, central Pacific coast of Costa Rica and the extraction of colonchos Callichirus seilacheri (Bott, 1955) (Decapoda: Axiidea: Callianassidae)
Authors: Hernáez Patricio , Granda-Rodríguez Hernán
Published: June 2021

We conducted monthly visits to the coastal community of Mata de Limón (December 2011 to November 2012) in central Pacific of Costa Rica for assessment the extraction of the burrowing shrimp called coloncho Callichirus seilacheri, a species intensely caught as bait for fishing along the Pacific coast of Central America. The outcomes indicate that fishery effort varied between 4 and 14 harvesters day-1 with a high percentage of them from the same community (70-100%). Daily catch varied between 76 and 1120 shrimps and its value was strongly correlated with catches realized for the local harvesters (R2= 0.88). The shrimps density and total abundance in Mata de Limón was estimated in 1.2 ± 0.88 ind m-2 and 49,607 ± 3,638 individuals, respectively. Ovigerous females were exclusively present between May and November, peak in September. According to our outcomes, population of C. seilacheri in Mata de Limón could be in risk of overfishing if the daily catches exceed 800 individuals. The main results of the present study allow recommend the implementation of a total fishing ban during the reproduction peak of C. seilacheri directed to protection and conservation of this local resource for its sustainable harvesting. Also, we suggest the establishment of a management program between the community of Mata de Limón and the Instituto Costarricense de Pesca y Acuicultura (INCOPESCA) in order to optimize and legalize the extraction of this important resource.
Characterization of Baker Fjord region through its heavy metal content on sediments (Central Chilean Patagonia)
Authors: Ahumada Ramón , González Elizabeth , Díaz Christian , Silva Nelson
Published: June 2021

The spatial distribution of heavy metals content (Ba, Cd, Cu, Pb, Sr and Zn) in sediments of the Baker Fjord and surrounding channels in the central region of the Chilean fjords (47°45'S, 48°15'S) is analyzed. The aim of the study was characterized the patterns of abundance and distribution of these metals in surface sediments. The area corresponds to a poorly studied zone with low human activity. Distribution patterns would be influenced by rainfall conditions (local erosion), fluvial (continental sediments carried by rivers), glacier (glacier flour) and estuarine circulation. Cluster analysis allows differentiation among the sampled sites and group with similar characteristics. Finally, the concentrations found were contrasted with average values of metamorphic rocks and show with some certainty that the values found for calendar for this area and the greatest concentrations are the result of natural enrichment.
First record of melanism in Cheilodactylus variegatus Valenciennes, 1833 (Perciformes, Cheilodactylidae)
Authors: Flores Héctor , Poblete Hugo
Published: June 2021

Melanism in fish is rare; it is expressed in a greater number of limnetic species rather than marine. The capture of a Cheilodactylus variegatus female specimen with full melanosis is reported. The individual was captured with harpoon by apnea diving, in the Caleta Piedra Azul, northern Chile. Its standard length was 33.6 cm and a total weight of 960 g. There is no morphological difference if compared with normal color specimens. The general coloration of the body is dark gray, with slightly lighter vertical stripes on the flank. No fins show the orange hue characteristic of the species. The validity of trematode infection effect as a causal agent of melanosis is discussed, because it is a mutation in the melanocortin receptor (MC1R). The melanosis condition in Ch. variegatus, is very rare. It is the first time that this phenomenon is reported for this species, where the expression of a dark color, would be beneficial to specimens who reside on bottoms with little vegetation and among crevices.
Reproductive system morphology of giant barnacle “picoroco” Austromegabalanus psittacus (Molina, 1782) (Cirripedia, Balanidae)
Authors: Contreras Catalina , Luna Nicolás , Dupré Enrique
Published: June 2021

The reproductive structures of Austromegabalanus psittacus in two periods of sexual maturation were described. This organism is a simultaneous hermaphrodite, which transfers his sperm through an intromittent organ or penis. The male reproductive system consists of testes arranged in acini distributed in a tree-like structure, two vasa deferentia that come together to form the ejaculatory duct at the base of the penis. The female reproductive system consists mainly of a saccular ovary that surrounds the main body, which is internally organized into elongated acini bags containing oogonia and previtellogenic oocytes attached to the internal wall and free vitellogenic and mature oocyte within the lumen. Remarkable differences were observed in the ovaries between organisms collected in September and October. In September, they showed a yellowish ovary with two compact structures inside, called ovigerous lamellae with fertilized oocytes, embryos in different development stages and free nauplius in the body cavity, whereas in October the ovaries have a whitish in color and present a thick wall with a milky fluid inside.
Comparative analysis of the reproductive strategy of lion’s paw scallop Nodipecten subnodosus in Baja California Sur, Mexico
Authors: Angel-Dapa Marco A. , Arellano-Martínez Marcial , Ceballos-Vázquez Bertha P. , Acosta-Salmón Hector , Saucedo Pedro E.
Published: June 2021

The reproductive strategy of lion’s paw scallop Nodipecten subnodosus was evaluated in a culturing system in Bahía Tortugas, Baja California Sur, Mexico during an annual cycle, comparing its response with data previously reported at other localities. High frequencies of ripe gonads throughout the year indicate that reproduction was continuous, with two main ripening/spawning events: July-September and December-March. A continuous breeding is also reported for the species in Bahía Magdalena, Bahía Juncalito, and Bahía de Los Angeles. These eutrophic areas are Biological Active Centers where gametogenesis appears to be regulated by the energy taken from recently ingested food following an opportunistic strategy. However, the digestive gland index decreased and the muscle indices increased during one of the breeding peaks, suggesting that some stored reserves are also used to sustain gametogenesis (conservative strategy) partially. High incidences of atretic oocytes are likely associated with atypical daily variations in water temperature from May through September (12 to 33°C), or with stressful conditions in the culturing system in summer. Despite this, the culturing system set in Bahía Tortugas appears beneficial for a continuous reproduction of N. subnodosus.
Growth and metabolic response of whiteleg shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei and Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus in polyculture fed with potential probiotic microorganisms on different schedules
Authors: Apún-Molina Juan P. , Santamaría-Miranda Apolinar , Luna-González Antonio , Ibarra-Gámez José C. , Medina-Alcantar Vladimir , Racotta Ilie
Published: June 2021

Probiotics and co-culture of shrimp and tilapia are two strategies to improve yield and ecoefficiency of both species. However, only few studies have analyzed the combination of these two strategies. This study analyzes the effect of a mixture of potential probiotics supplied in the diet at different frequencies in a system of shrimp (10/m2) and tilapia (5/m2) in a trial lasting 84 days. The probiotics mixture was composed of four lactic acid bacteria and one yeast strain that were supplied either daily, every 5 days, or every 10 days in the diet and compared with a control without any supply of probiotics. At the end of the experiment, blood chemistry and hematology of shrimp and tilapia were analyzed as an index of physiological condition. Water quality did not differ between treatments. The final weight, feed conversion ratio, and yield of shrimp were significantly higher with daily supply of probiotics compared to shrimp that did not receive probiotics supply, with intermediate values for treatments with probiotics supply every 5 or 10 days. However, level of supplementation every 5 days could be considered as optimal because no significant differences with daily supply were observed for any variable, whereas the supply each 10 days resulted in a significantly lower yield. Significantly higher final weight, feed conversion ratio, and yield of tilapia occurred with daily supplements. Blood cholesterol in tilapia significantly decreased with increasing frequency of probiotics supplementation. These results indicate that probiotics supplements for shrimp and tilapia cultivated simultaneously improved yields and physiological condition.
Feeding ecology of juvenile marine fish in a shallow coastal lagoon of southeastern Mexico
Authors: Arceo-Carranza Daniel , Chiappa-Carrara Xavier
Published: June 2021

Many species of marine fish use coastal lagoons during early stages of their life cycles due to the protection provided by their turbid waters and complex structure of the environment, such as mangroves and mudflats, and the availability of food derived from the high productivity of these sites. In this study, we analyzed the diet of six species of juvenile marine fishes that use a karstic lagoon system in the northwest portion of the Yucatan Peninsula, Mexico. Through stomach contents analysis we determined the trophic differences among Caranx latus, Oligoplites saurus, Trachinotus falcatus, Synodus foetens, Lutjanus griseus, and Strongylura notata. C. latus, O. saurus, S. foetens, and S. notate, which are ichthyophagous species (>80% by number). L. griseus feeds mainly on crustaceans (>55%) and fish (35%), while T. falcatusfeeds on mollusks (>50% bivalves, >35% gastropods). The analysis of similarities (ANOSIM) showed differences in the diet of all species. Cluster analysis, based on the Bray-Curtis similarity matrix revealed three groups; one characterized by the ichthyophagous guild (S. notata, S. foetens, C. latus, and O. saurus), other group formed by the crustacean consumers (L. griseus), and the third, composed by the mollusk feeder (T. falcatus). Species of the ichthyophagous guild showed overlap in their diets, which under conditions of low prey abundance may trigger competition, hence affecting juvenile stages of these marine species that use coastal lagoons to feed and grow.
Probiotic modulation of the gut bacterial community of juvenile Litopenaeus vannamei challenged with Vibrio parahaemolyticus CAIM 170
Authors: Luis-Villaseñor Irasema E. , Voltolina Domenico , Gomez-Gil Bruno , Ascencio Felipe , Campa-Córdova Ángel I. , Audelo-Naranjo Juan M. , Zamudio-Armenta Olga O.
Published: June 2021

The protective effects of two probiotic mixtures was studied using the fingerprints of the bacterial community of Litopenaeus vannamei juveniles exposed to probiotics and challenged with Vibrio parahaemolyticus CAIM 170. Fingerprints were constructed using 16S rRNA gene and the PCR-SSCP (Single strand conformation polymorphism) technique, and the probiotics used were an experimental Bacillus mixture (Bacillus tequilensis YC5-2 + B. endophyticus C2-2 and YC3-B) and the commercial probiotic Alibio. The DNA for PCR-SSCP analyses was extracted directly from the guts of shrimps treated for 20 days with the probiotics and injected with 2.5×105 CFU g-1 of V. parahaemolyticus one week after suspension of the probiotic treatment. Untreated shrimps served as positive (injected with V. parahaemolyticus) and negative (not injected) controls Analysis of the bacterial community carried out after inoculation and 12 and 48 h later confirmed that V. parahaemolyticus was present in shrimps of the positive control , but not in the negative control or treated with the probiotic mixtures. A significant difference in the diversity of the bacterial community was observed between times after infection. The band patterns in 0-12 h were clustered into a different group from that determined after 48 h, and suggested that during bacterial infection the guts of whiteleg shrimp were dominated by gamma proteobacteria represented by Vibrio sp. and Photobacterium sp. Our results indicate that the experimental and the commercial mixtures are suitable to modulate the bacterial community of L. vannamei and could be used as a probiotic to control vibriosis in juvenile shrimp.
Apparent digestibility of energetic ingredients by pirarucu juveniles, Arapaima gigas (Schinz, 1822)
Authors: Dos Santos-Cipriano Filipe , Santos de Lima Kauana , Bevitório-Passinato Érica , Mota de Jesus Raildo , Oliveira de Magalhães Júnior Francisco , Cristiane Teles-Tonini William , Tavares-Braga Luis Gustavo
Published: June 2021

An understanding of feed ingredient digestibility for the pirarucu is a fundamental step in the development of feeds that promote proper growth of the specie while in captivity. A digestibility trial was conducted with four treatments in triplicate (corn starch, corn, rice bran and wheat bran) to evaluate the digestibility of dry matter, gross energy, crude protein and amino acids by the pirarucu. We used indirect methodology with the inclusion of chromium oxide at 0.1% in the feeds. In total, 18 juveniles were used, with an average live weight of 235 ± 36 g. The sampled juveniles were trained to consume the feeds prior to testing. The corn and cornstarch presented the best apparent digestibility coefficients (ADCs) of dry matter, with 76.37% and 70.66%, respectively, followed by rice bran (46.23%) and wheat bran (45.13%). The best ADCs of crude protein were observed in corn (93.44%) and cornstarch (90.94%) compared to rice bran (68.23%) and wheat bran (68.58%). There was no significant difference in the ADC of gross energy; the values ranged from 47.10% for corn starch to 40.10% for corn. The corn and corn starch presented the best ADCs for all the amino acids evaluated, followed by rice bran and wheat bran.
Changes in plasma steroid hormones and gonadal histology associated with sexual maturation in wild southern hake (Merluccius australis)
Authors: Alvarado Manuel , Serrano Edison , Sánchez Juan Carlos , Valladares Luis
Published: June 2021

A detailed study of gametes development and characterization of plasma sex steroid hormones during the maturation cycle was performed for the first time in the southern hake (Merluccius australis). Fish were caught in the inland waters of the Reloncaví Sound, Interior Sea of Chiloé, Chile. Samples of gonads and blood were collected for histology and sex steroid hormone (17 β-estradiol, 11-ketotestosterone and 17,20 βdihydroxy-4-pregnen-3-one) analysis, respectively. Sex steroid hormone quantification was performed using enzyme-immunoassay (ELISA). Results showed that M. australis males and females have asynchronous development of testicles and ovaries, in all stages of maturation. Most spawning fish were found during the spring months. Regarding the sex steroid hormones, serological fluctuations of 17 β-estradiol and 11- ketotestosterone were found during gonadal maturation of M. australis. These hormones are the main hormones responsible for vitelogenesis and spermatogenesis processes, respectively. Conversely, 17,20 β-dihydroxy-4- pregnen-3-one did not show any serological fluctuation in females and males. Further studies involving gonadotropins, 17,20 β,21-trihydroxy-4-pregnen-3-one and vitellogenin quantification are required in order to obtain a more complete description of the reproductive physiology of wild and farmed M. australis.
Comparative characterization of protease activity in cultured spotted rose snapper juveniles (Lutjanus guttatus)
Authors: Peña Emyr , Hernández Crisantema , Álvarez-González Carlos Alfonso , Ibarra-Castro Leonardo , Puello-Cruz Ana , Hardy Ronald W.
Published: June 2021

Partial characterizations of digestive proteases were studied in three life stages of spotted rose snapper: early (EJ), middle (MJ) and late juvenile (LJ) with corresponding average weights of 21.3 ± 2.6 g (3 months after hatching, MAH), 190 ± 4.4 g (7 MAH), and 400 ± 11.5 g (12 MAH). At sampling points, the digestive tract was dissected into the stomach (St), pyloric caeca (PC), and the intestine in three sections (proximal (PI), middle (MI) and distal intestine (DI)). The effect of pH and temperature and specific inhibitors were evaluated for acid and alkaline proteases. Total acid and alkaline protease activity showed a tendency to increase with juvenile life stage of fish while trypsin activity decreased. Differences were found in acid and alkaline protease activities at different pH and temperatures during juvenile stages. Pepstatin A inhibited total activity in the stomach extract in all juvenile stages. Activity in total alkaline protease inhibition was significantly higher in EJ using TLCK, PMSF, SBTI, Phen and Ovo than in MJ and LJ, while no significant differences were found with TPCK inhibition. Therefore increases in protease activities with fish growth through juvenile stages in which a substitution or diversification in the type of alkaline enzymes exist. These results lead a better comprehension of changes in digestive potential of Lutjanidae fish.
Atypical feminized male's agonistic behavior relative to males and females of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L.)
Authors: Becerril-Morales Felipe , Alcántar-Vázquez Juan Pablo
Published: June 2021

Early maturity during tilapia culture is a recurring problem. To avoid this, a series of techniques have been developed, including the production of YY-males. This technique involves the use of hormones to produce phenotypic females (XY genotype). However, incomplete transformations are frequently observed and the produced atypical feminized males (AFM) could display an ambiguity in the phenotypic expression of behavioral patterns. The aim of this study was to measure the frequency and intensity of aggressive behavior as well as the role that initial residence plays when involving three phenotypes (males, females and AFM). The experiment consisted of three stages. Resident fish were AFM in the first stage, males in the second and females in the third. In each stage the resident fish confronted males, females and AFM acting as intruders. Aggressive behavior was exercised more frequently by resident fish. Intersexual confrontations showed higher levels of aggression compared to intrasexual confrontations. The frequency of confrontations was not significantly different in confrontations involving AFM, however, differences were observed in intensity of aggression. It is possible that an incomplete transformation at physiological level could be responsible for an inaccurate decoding of signal during confrontations.
Biometric sexual and ontogenetic dimorphism on the marine catfish Genidens genidens (Siluriformes, Ariidae) in a tropical estuary
Authors: Paiva Larissa G. , Prestrelo Luana , Sant'Anna Kiani M. , Vianna Marcelo
Published: June 2021

This paper aims to study the ontogenetic sexual dimorphism of Genidens genidens in Guanabara Bay, southeastern coast of Brazil. Altogether 378 specimens were anayzed (233 females and 145 males) with total length ranging from 13.3 to 43.5 cm. Specimens were measured for 12 body measurements, sex was identified and maturity stages were recorded and classified. Pearson’s linear correlation reveled a significant positive correlation between total length and all other body measures, except for base adipose fin, mouth depth and eye depth for immature females. Analyses nested PERMANOVA desing showed significant differences between maturity stages for each sex, between sexes considering or not maturity stages, indicating a variation in morphometric characteristics driven by sexual dimorphism. Differences among all maturity stages were also found, indicating an ontogenetic morphological difference. But immature individuals didn’t differ between sexes indicating that differentiation patterns starts with sexual development. The most important measures differing males and females were related to head characteristics, which appears to be key parameters to evaluate sexual differences. Due to male incubation of fertilized eggs and juvenile individuals <59 mm in their oral cavity, head measures are proposed to be sex dimorphism not related to reproduction, but with post reproductive fase due to ecological and biological needs.  [L1]Modificated  as suggested by Reviewer E.
Isolation, culture and evaluation of Chaetoceros muelleri from the Caribbean as food for the native scallops, Argopecten nucleus and Nodipecten nodosus
Authors: Velasco Luz Adriana , Carrera Silvia , Barros Judith
Published: June 2021

The potential of the Caribbean strain Chaetoceros muelleri (CHA-C-04) to be produced and used as diet of two commercially important native scallops (Argopecten nucleus and Nodipecten nodosus) was assessed, using the non-indigenous Chaetoceros calcitrans strain, as a control. Growth and biomass of both diatoms were compared under different culture environments (indoor and outdoor) and culture media (F/2, organic fertilizer triple 15 and humus extract). In addition, their bromatological composition and effect on the physiological condition of the scallops fed with both diatoms were compared. The growth and biomass production of C. muelleri and C. calcitrans were higher under indoor conditions and using the F/2 media. Although the content of proteins, lipids and energy was higher in C. muelleri than in C. calcitrans, its size, organic content, growth and biomass values were not different. Scallops fed with both diatoms strains shows similar values for all of the physiological variables measured, including rates of absorption, oxygen consumption, ammonia excretion and scope for growth. Results suggest that the local strain C. muelleri can be successfully produced and used in the diet of A. nucleus and N. nodosus, but do not offer productive advantages.
The prawns of the genus Macrobrachium (Crustacea, Decapoda, Palaemonidae) with commercial importance: a patentometric view
Authors: Akintola Shehu L. , Chávez-Chong Cristina Olimpia , Arencibia-Jorge Ricardo , Chong-Carrillo Olimpia Chong-Carrillo , García-Guerrero Marcelo U. , Michán-Aguirre Layla , Nolasco-Soria Héctor , Cupul-Magaña Fabio , Vega-Villasante Fernando
Published: June 2021

The scientific interest in the genus Macrobrachium was not only from a biological aspect, but also from economic aspect. This paper analyzed the patents identified in several databases using the keyword Macrobrachium. Patents were selected when a species of Macrobrachium was mentioned in main title. The total number of identified patents was 131, of which Chinese authors and institutions have produced more than 90%. Topics addressed refer to culture technologies (41%), nutrition and feeding (26%), reproduction technologies (19%) and pathological diagnosis and treatments (14%). Patents are mainly directed for M. rosenbergii (71%), M. nipponense (28%) and M. superbum (1%). Until now, it has not been attempts to generate patents to American continent species.
Individual growth of white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei (Boone, 1931) and blue shrimp L. stylirostris (Stimpson, 1874) (Crustacea: Penaeidae) by multi-model approach
Authors: Aragón-Noriega Eugenio Alberto
Published: June 2021

Individual growth of two shrimp species of the family Penaeidae, the white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei and blue shrimp L. stylirostris were analyzed. The hypothesis was that both species would have an asymptotic growth type with sigmoid shape. The data comes from shrimp farming in earthen ponds of an aquaculture farm located in the Gulf of California, density was 25 post-larvae m-2 in ponds of 1.8 ha. Three asymptotic models were applied to averaged length at age data: von Bertalanffy, Gompertz, and logistic. The model’s parameters were computed by maximum likelihood criterion. Best model was selected according to the Akaike information criterion. The final total length of white shrimp was 128.8 mm and the estimated asymptotic length was 130 mm, after 140 rearing days. The blue shrimp final size was 142.2 mm, and the asymptotic length was 174 mm, after 158 rearing days. For both species, the model which better described the growth was the Gompertz model; consequently the conclusion was that the growth of both species must be sigmoid shape.
Effect of temperature and photoperiod on the early development of nudibranch Diaulula punctuolata (d’Orbigny, 1837) under laboratory conditions
Authors: Pérez-Valdés Margarita , Contreras-Guzmán Ramiro
Published: June 2021

Temperature plays an important role in both the development and growth of marine invertebrates; furthermore, it has been observed that photoperiod significantly affects feeding, growth and larval survival. In this study we evaluated the effect of temperatures of 10° and 16°C and photoperiods of 8:16 and 16:8 on early development, hatching and larval survival in the nudibranch Diaulula punctuolata, under laboratory conditions. At 16oC/8:16, hatching occurred between 10 and 11 days post-spawning (dps), with a physiological time of 162.3 ± 10.1 degree day (d°C); while at 10°C/8:16, hatching took place between 17 and 20 dps; 200.5 ± 27.4 d°C (F = 366.6; P ˂ 0.05). The highest hatching percentage, 82.9%, was obtained at 10°C (F = 16.63; P ˂ 0.05) coinciding with environmental conditions present during the adult collection season. Larvae obtained at 16°C were larger (146.3 ± 0.8 µm) than those at 10°C (140.4 ± 0.5 µm) (F = 212; P ˂ 0.05). Nevertheless, survival time was greater at 10°C/8:16 (21 dps), which could be associated with greater nutrient accumulation during embryonic development. Both embryonic and larval development are dependents on temperature, but not on photoperiod; an increase in temperature from 10º to 16°C, reduced the chronological time required up to hatching by 45.6 ± 3.4%. Photoperiod only affected larval survival at 10°C.
Coronavirus Disease and Abdominal Pain: Mechanism, Diagnostic, and Treatment
Authors: Bozhinovska Aleksandra
Published: June 2021

BACKGROUND: On March 11, 2020, the General Director of the World Health Organization has announced that according to the organization, the level of spread and severity of symptoms of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is becoming alarming and because of that, it can be characterized as a pandemic. The assessment of the World Health Organization stimulated more urgent and belligerent actions from the governments as the number of case reports and studies on COVID-19 symptoms and treatment increased dramatically.
AIM: In this paper, the aim is to make a review of the studies and case reports/series that indicate that abdominal pain is one of the manifestations of COVID-19.
METHODS: A search was performed on two electronic databases: PubMed Central and Google Scholar, using the key words “COVID-19 and abdominal pain.” Case reports and case series in adults and children were included regardless of the language, region, or the publication date. The methods of synthesis and comparison were also used.
RESULTS: In general, it can be noted that the manifestation of the COVID-19 infection on the digestive tract and the consequences on the same are not fully examined.
CONCLUSION: The conclusion of the analyzed papers is that clinical practitioners in COVID-19 pandemic should carefully distinguish abdominal pain and other GI symptoms from COVID-19 manifestations and should exclude acute surgical condition.
Phylogeography of the Central american red brocket deer, Mazama temama (Artiodactyla, Cervidae) in southeastern Mexico
Authors: Serna-Lagunes Ricardo , Romero-Ramos Dayana Kristel , Delfín-Alfonso Christian Alejandro , Salazar-Ortiz Juan
Published: June 2021

Anthropogenic threats have increasingly isolated the populations of Mazama temama (Erxleben, 1777) and limited the gene flow in this species. Knowledge of the phylogeographic structure of this species is therefore essential for its conservation. Thus, in this study, we describe the phylogeographic structure of two M. temama populations of Veracruz and Oaxaca, Mexico. We sequenced the D-Loop region of the mitochondrial DNA of 16 individuals, in order to estimate the diversity and genetic differentiation (FST), Tajima’s D index, "Mismatch distribution" test; a phylogram and a haplotype network was constructed and we performed multidimensional scaling analysis to test the hypothesis of association between geographic distance and genetic diversity. The haplotypic and nucleotide diversity was high, indicating divergent populations (FST = 0.223), while the Tajima’s D index (-1,03300; P > 0.10) determined disequilibrium in the D-Loop region, derived from a population expansion that was evidenced in the "Mismatch distribution" test and confirmed with the haplotype network in the form of a star. Four lineages were identified in the phylogram (Veracruz n = 3, Oaxaca n = 1), evidencing geographic and reproductive isolation between the two populations. This was confirmed by the multidimensional scaling analysis, which evidenced recent evolutionary divergence between the populations analyzed, which are considered evolutionary units of conservation.
Silent hyperlipidaemia modulated vascular endothelial markers
Authors: Merkhan Marwan , Mohammad Jehan , Fathi Zainab , Younis Zaid , Mahmood Sameer M. , Mohammed Marwa
Published: June 2021

The aetiology of ischemic heart diseases is mainly based on atherosclerosis of coronary artery. Inflammation and oxidative reactions are initiating and aggravating the illness resulting in pathological remodelling of vasculaturze at site of injury. Endothelium lining of blood vessels participated in the reaction biochemically through releasing some proteins into circulatory system which further complicate the condition. The aim of this study was to determine early diagnosed hyperlipidaemia-associated changes of the plasma level of some of these endothelial biomolecules. Compared to healthy control, hyperlipidaemic patients have significantly increased arginase, metalloendopeptidase, peroxidase, myeloperoxidase, and peroxynitrite with concomitant reduction in arylesterase and nitric oxide. The present study concluded that hyperlipidaemia play a great role in modulation of certain plasma protein markers which might be directly related to patient pathological condition or could be used as a tool for diagnosis or patient follow up indicating the stage of vasculature remodelling, healing, inflammation or resolution.
Last tesserae of a fading mosaic: floristic census and forest vegetation survey at Parche di Bilello (south-western Sicily, Italy), a site needing urgent protection measures
Authors: La Rosa Alfonso , Gianguzzi Lorenzo , Salluzzo Giuseppe , Scuderi Leonardo , Pasta Salvatore
Published: June 2021

This paper illustrates the botanic heritage of Parche di Bilello, a site located in the municipality of Castelvetrano. The study area hosts several woodland fragments dominated by Olea europaea var. sylvestris, Quercus suber and Quercus ilex, respectively. According to historical data, these nuclei represent the last remnants of an open forestland which covered a much wider coastal area between Mazara del Vallo and Sciacca until the end of Middle Age. Phytosociological relevés were focused on these forest nuclei, probably the most representative of south-western Sicily, which correspond to three habitats included in the 92/43 EEC Directive (9320, 9330 and 9340, respectively) and represent the final stage of three different edaphic series. Wild olive forests probably dominated on sandy calcareous soils, holm oaks prevailed on steep calcareous and N-exposed slopes. In contrast, cork oaks mostly occurred on sandy subacid soils issuing from pedogenetic processes on palaeodunes. Moreover, field surveys allowed to list 331 vascular plant taxa. Among them, Linaria multicaulis subsp. humilis, Orobanche balsensis and Serapias orientalis subsp. siciliensis are new to Trapani Province. Detailed information on the current distribution and the synecology of several plant taxa of high biogeographic and conservation interest is also provided. The study site also hosts one habitat of priority interest (6220, i.e. xerophilous Mediterranean perennial grasslands and annual swards) and two species protected by international laws, i.e. the orchid Ophrys lunulata and the lichen Teloschistes chrysophthalmus. Considering the high value of its natural heritage, this territory deserves the adoption of more effective protection measures. For this reason the authors recommend its inclusion as a new Site of Community Interest within the Sicilian Natura 2000 network.
Une danse systémique : du vécu personnel à la co-évolution …
Authors: Karkazi Elena
Published: June 2021

Dans une réalité sociale extrêmement contraignante où l’incertitude, l’insécurité, la souffrance psychique et l’imprévisible dominent, comment le professionnel de la santé mentale peut-il s’utiliser lui-même et ouvrir de nouvelles perspectives ? Cet article vise à mettre en évidence comment l’expérience unique et les émotions du formateur/superviseur représentent en même temps l’intersection de nombreuses systèmes – apparemment éloignés –  et la source de nouvelles co-constructions qui créent un nouvel espace de liberté. Cet article est dedié à la mémoire de Mony Elkaim.
Héritage et transmission : Avec Mony Elkaïm, de l’analytique à l’analytico-sytémique
Authors: Makke Abbas , Al-Haj Yousra
Published: June 2021

Nous présentons notre modèle MAS de thérapie fondé sur les approches scientifiques, expérimentales et mathématiques de Paul Fraisse, de Marc Barbut, d’Einstein, d’Henri Poincaré, d’Ahmad Zewail, de Freud, de Pierre Fedida, de Mony Elkaïm avec la résonance et un pont thérapeutique, de la neuropsychanalyse. MAS s’inspire aussi de « l’histoire de la musique arabe », de l’expérience des Soufis arabes avec Ibn Hazm et des séances du Samma’a avec Ibn Arabi. Il se nourrit des pensées scientifique, poétique et musicale de Ibn Sina et de Ibn Roshd, « géants arabes ». Notre modèle centré sur le mécanisme de formation du symptôme est sous-tendu par une conception intégrative de la psychothérapie.
La société russe en évolution
Authors: Desert Myriam
Published: June 2021

En dépit de l’aura dont il bénéficie en Occident, la popularité d’Alexeï Navalny n’est pas très élevée en Russie. Cela ne signifie pas que la société est passive et docile au pouvoir. Les mobilisations se succèdent, motivées par des problèmes locaux. Pour une partie croissante des Russes, s’y ajoutent le souci du bien commun et la volonté de contribuer au devenir d’une grande patrie.
Les prières pour obtenir la guérison
Authors: Lécu Anne
Published: June 2021

Les prières de guérison, de délivrance ou de libération connaissent un essor qui mérite une attention toute particulière. Dans son dernier rapport, la Mission interministérielle de vigilance et de lutte contre les dérives sectaires (Miviludes) s’inquiète d’une augmentation des offres suspectes d’emprise à caractère sectaire dans le domaine de la santé. Du côté de l’Église, la vigilance accrue devant les abus de pouvoir à caractère spirituel a conduit à regarder de plus près ce qui se passe dans des sessions de guérison du type « Agapè » et à en remanier le contenu pour éviter les dérives, voire les drames.
De la vanité selon Scorsese
Authors: Pigoullié Jean-François
Published: June 2021

La représentation des Vanités trouve sa source dans le livre de l’Ecclésiaste (ou Qohélet) dont la matière est la précarité et l’inconsistance des attachements humains au regard de l’œuvre de Dieu. C’est un thème majeur du cinéma de Martin Scorsese. Avec son dernier film The Irishman , le réalisateur italo-américain explore une autre acception des Vanités hantée par la mélancolie.
On la voit se développant : la construction progressive présentative du latin tardif à l’ancien français
Authors: Vangaever Jasper
Published: June 2021

Dans cet article est proposée une nouvelle analyse de l’association d’un verbe de perception, d’un SN et d’un participe présent : le verbe de perception est moins un verbe lexicalement plein qu’un marqueur présentatif introduisant le procès verbal dénoté par le participe présent en tant que nouvelle unité informationnelle ; le participe présent étant alors le verbe principal aux points de vue pragmatique, sémantique et syntaxique. Sur la base d’un examen qualitatif de données empiriques, il est montré comment cette association se « constructionnalise » et évolue entre le latin tardif et l’ancien français sans pourtant achever son processus de constructionnalisation.
Analyse constructionnelle et paradigmatique illustrée par le verbe voir
Authors: Jeppesen Kragh Kirsten , Schøsler Lene
Published: June 2021

Notre étude entend combiner les concepts de paradigme et de construction présentés dans Nørgård-Sørensen, Heltoft & Schøsler (2011) dans une perspective diachronique et en utilisant le cadre théorique d’Andersen (2008) sur la réanalyse, l’actualisation et le changement grammatical. Nos réflexions seront illustrées par le verbe de perception voir car ce verbe se distingue par ses multiples utilisations lexicales et grammaticalisées. Notre but est d’identifier les différents paradigmes constructionnels dans lesquels figure cette unité.
Chine/Corée du Sud : une frustration réciproque
Authors: Bondaz Antoine
Published: June 2021

Les relations entre Séoul et Pékin sont de longue date marquées par l’alternance de rapprochements et de difficultés. Pékin cherche à éloigner la Corée du Sud des États-Unis. Séoul entend préserver ses relations avec la Chine, son premier partenaire commercial, tout en gardant la garantie de sécurité américaine. L’équilibrisme sud-coréen pourrait s’avérer dans l’avenir proche difficile à tenir, et Séoul pourrait avoir intérêt à s’appuyer, au-delà de Washington, sur d’autres partenaires.
Perspectives de l’endettement public
Authors: Ecalle François
Published: June 2021

L’endettement public doit rester soutenable, adapté aux variations de la conjoncture, sauf à risquer des conditions d’emprunt dangereuses. Sa stabilisation dépend de la croissance, de la maîtrise des dépenses publiques et de la capacité à lever l’impôt. Les banques centrales peuvent prêter aux États, mais en prenant garde à une inflation affaiblissant les entreprises. L’annulation des dettes publiques par la Banque centrale européenne pourrait ouvrir un cycle d’inflation et de dépenses immaîtrisable.
COVID-19 : géopolitique de l’immunité collective
Authors: Allard Patrick
Published: June 2021

La vaccination de masse contre le COVID-19 fait apparaître plusieurs groupes de pays : les pays riches à vaccination rapide ; les pays concepteurs et producteurs de vaccins mais ne privilégiant pas la vaccination de leur population ; les pays plus pauvres qui n’atteindront l’immunité collective qu’en 2022 ou 2023. Le choix des vaccins constitue également un marqueur différenciant. La recherche de l’immunité collective par le vaccin dessine ainsi une véritable hiérarchisation géopolitique du monde.
Parentalité et addiction : une proposition thérapeutique inspirée des métaphores relationnelles
Authors: Cattin Michel
Published: June 2021

Parentalité et addiction : une proposition thérapeutique inspirée des métaphores relationnelles – Chez les personnes addictes, le produit est souvent utilisé comme un moyen de soulagement de la souffrance. Chez les parents addicts, le bébé risque à son tour de devenir un moyen de soulagement. Dès lors se pose la question de comment aider le parent à repérer les différentes représentations qu’il a de son enfant et du produit ? Et l’aider à désenchevêtrer ces représentations afin de réduire le risque qu’il fasse tenir à son enfant le rôle d’objet de soulagement. Dans cet article, je vais aborder le travail thérapeutique qu’il est possible de faire pour aider les parents à voir et à s’ajuster aux besoins de leur enfant, à construire un lien avec celui-ci. Pour ce faire, nous nous sommes inspirés des métaphores relationnelles conceptualisées par Edith Tilmans-Ostyn. Ouvrir le champ des représentations permet aux parents d’avoir une vision plus large des implications de leurs consommations. Ceci permet aussi de mieux cerner leurs domaines de compétences et leurs limites. Et surtout d’imaginer de s’impliquer plus dans l’éducation de leur enfant et ceci de manière plus adéquate.
Prevalence and Correlates of Depression, Anxiety, and Suicidality Among High School Students: A National Study
Authors: AlAzzam Manar , Abuhammad Sawsan , Tawalbeh Loai , Dalky Heyam
Published: June 2021

The current study aimed to estimate the prevalence of depression, anxiety, and suicidality and their correlated factors among high school students in Jordan. A descriptive cross-sectional correlational research design was used. Data were collected using self-reported questionnaires completed by students attending high schools in Jordan. Data show that anxiety and depression are prevalent among adolescents and are associated with higher risk of suicide and disease prevalence. Twenty-seven percent of the variance in suicidality is explained by anxiety and depression. This finding indicates that the most significant predictor of suicidality is anxiety and depression among high school students. Results show that mental health issues are a genuine general health issue among high school students. Health care professionals should routinely screen for mental health problems among young people. Mental health and well-being advancement programs should be coordinated and directed by all parties involved in youth mental health. [
Journal of Psychosocial Nursing and Mental Health Services, 59
(8), 43–51.]
Les étudiant·e·s sont-ils en sécurité ?
Authors: Weiss Pierre-Olivier
Published: June 2021

Cet article cherche à montrer, en procédant par étape, le bien-fondé du recours aux enquêtes de victimation pour une connaissance du « monde » étudiant en France. En quoi est-il pertinent d’étudier l’insécurité et les victimations des étudiants ? Et quel type de connaissance peut-on apporter ? Ce sont les questions auxquelles nous tentons de répondre. En nous appuyant sur les évolutions récentes des effectifs d’inscrits à l’université et au regard des questions en termes de sécurité que les changements contemporains soulèvent, nous proposons de revenir sur les enquêtes de victimation comme instrument de mesure de la délinquance et des incivilités. Nous constatons que la littérature scientifique française apporte finalement peu d’éléments sur la réalité des étudiants concernant les questions de sécurité. À partir de là, nous cherchons à démontrer que les enquêtes anglo-saxonnes peuvent être un appui et ainsi être transposées aux campus nationaux. À l’heure où les discussions sur la sécurité des campus tendent à conclure à leur imperméabilité vis-à-vis de leur environnement immédiat comme solution miracle, il apparaît utile de se doter d’outils mesurant la délinquance, les incivilités et les peurs de leurs usagers pour mieux comprendre, mieux protéger et mieux agir. La fin programmée de l’enquête « Cadre de vie et Sécurité (CVS) » est une justification supplémentaire pour repenser l’outil et les terrains sur lesquels il pourrait s’appliquer.
Usages différenciés de documents pédagogiques en sciences : étude de quelques raisons
Authors: Pautal Éliane
Published: June 2021

L’article s’attache à rendre compte de l’usage d’un document en situation d’enseignement et d’apprentissage du concept de circulation du sang au grade 5 (élèves de dix à douze ans). Le document est conçu par l’enseignant de la classe. Nous estimons que l’utilisation qui est faite, dans la classe, de ce document peut expliquer, en partie, la production d’inégalités lors d’apprentissage en sciences et nous nous attachons à comprendre certaines raisons qui pourraient entrainer ces usages différenciés. L’étude de cas rapportée propose des interprétations didactiques en mobilisant un cadre d’analyse des pratiques développé par Sensevy et al. (Sensevy, Mercier & Schubauer-Léoni, 2000 ; Sensevy & Mercier, 2007 ; Sensevy, 2011), croisé avec la notion de rapport aux savoirs (Charlot, Bautier & Rochex, 1992 ; Charlot, 1997 ; Bautier & Rochex, 1998 ; Bautier & Goigoux, 2004 ; Bautier & Rayou, 2009) et permet d’avancer quelques raisons, référées en partie au professeur et/ou aux élèves et à l’institution, dans la production d’inégalités en classe de sciences.
Circulation, déambulation et textes hétérogènes
Authors: Delarue-Breton Catherine , Crinon Jacques
Published: June 2021

On se propose ici de montrer quelques aspects de la manière dont les élèves établissent – ou non – une certaine continuité entre des éléments hétérogènes, au cours d’activités de lecture de textes composites (Bautier et al., 2012), donc non linéaires, plurisémiotisés ou présentant des énoncés de statuts variés. Il s’agit notamment de mettre en évidence la labilité de certains élèves – mais aussi la difficulté des autres – à établir une continuité entre des éléments divers issus de ces supports, mais aussi entre les éléments évoqués et d’autres éléments issus de leur expérience propre. Le rôle de l’enseignant dans ce contexte, et plus particulièrement la manière dont il contribue – ou non – à l’élaboration de cette continuité, sera également questionné, à plusieurs niveaux : le choix du support ; le choix (conception et/ou mise en œuvre) du dispositif mis en place ; l’arbitrage des interactions langagières avec les élèves et entre élèves ; la nature de la prise en compte de l’expérience propre des élèves.
Le Carnet d’expériences et d’observations au cycle 2 : un outil d’apprentissage scientifique pour l’élève ?
Authors: Boyer Catherine , Cohen-Azria Cora , Zaid Abdelkarim
Published: June 2021

Depuis les années 2000, les élèves de la grande section de maternelle au collège doivent disposer d’un nouveau support : le cahier d’expériences et d’observations (CEO) qui doit développer des apprentissages relevant à la fois de la maîtrise de la langue, du vivre ensemble et de l’acquisition de compétences scientifiques. Le sens de ces apprentissages construits par les élèves, et dont le CEO garde les traces, sera analysé en mobilisant la notion de conscience disciplinaire développée par Yves Reuter (2003, 2007). Cette notion se définit comme la manière dont les acteurs scolaires (re)construisent les disciplines scolaires et permet d’approcher les difficultés des élèves. Il s’agit ici de présenter quelques résultats d’une recherche visant à analyser comment se construit la conscience disciplinaire scientifique chez les élèves de GS et de CE1 à travers l’outil CEO. Quelle matérialité est prise par le CEO ? Quelles sont les activités effectives réalisées par les élèves ? Que retiennent les élèves de l’usage du CEO ? Nous analyserons les productions d’élèves en GS et en CE1, dont l’entrée dans l’écrit est difficile ou plus facile, et les croiserons avec des entretiens réalisés à l’issue de leur travail et des observations de classe.
Lire un dossier de documents à visée informative et y circuler : un « objet enseignable » au début du secondaire ?
Authors: Croix Séverine De , Penneman Jessica
Published: June 2021

Cet article présente quelques premiers résultats issus d’une recherche quasi expérimentale et longitudinale qui porte sur l’enseignement explicite des pratiques de lecture et d’écriture des textes informatifs requises pour réussir à l’école. Après avoir déplié quelques constats liés au caractère hétérogène et composite des supports largement utilisés dans la sphère scolaire et quelques obstacles relatifs aux changements des pratiques pédagogiques, nous faisons porter notre réflexion sur l’examen de productions d’élèves et de verbalisations d’enseignants de première année du secondaire. Ces traces écrites et témoignages seront analysés au regard de la mise en œuvre d’un premier module d’apprentissage, « Se familiariser avec les usages des écrits à visée informative, explicative, justificative ». L’étude met en évidence quelques leviers susceptibles de favoriser des pratiques de classe adaptées aux difficultés posées par les documents informatifs et par les tâches soumises à leur propos.