bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
DIACHRONIC APPROACH TO CONVERSION IN THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE
Authors: Guliyeva N.
Published: May 2021

The article investigates conversion as a means of forming new words without adding any derivative element, when the basic form of the original and the basic derived words are homonymous having the same morphological structure, but belonging to different parts of speech. It is said that In the course of the historical development grammatical forms in English were lost and there exists no inflexion to distinguish the form of the verb from a noun and this is considering as widespread word formation in English. It also studies conversion being a type of word-building – not a pattern of structural relationship. Synchronically both types – a noun and a verb must be treated together as cases of patterned homonymy, while studying diachronically, it is essential to differentiate the cases of conversion and treat them separately. It is emphasized that it is not easy to say definitely which of the members was derived, the results of synchronic and diachronic analysis may not coincide. That means that what is understood under conversion in Modern English does not fully and necessarily coincide with earlier periods of the development of the language.
Aspirin versus anticoagulation for stroke prophylaxis in blunt cerebrovascular injury: a propensity-matched retrospective cohort study
Authors: Bonow Robert H. , Witt Cordelie E. , Mossa-Basha Mahmud , Cuschieri Joseph , Arbabi Saman , Vavilala Monica S. , Rivara Frederick P. , Chesnut Randall M.
Published: May 2021

OBJECTIVE

The goal of this study was to compare the odds of stroke 24 hours or more after hospital arrival among patients with blunt cerebrovascular injury (BCVI) who were treated with therapeutic anticoagulation versus aspirin.

METHODS

The authors conducted a retrospective cohort study at a regional level I trauma center including all patients with BCVI who were treated over a span of 10 years. Individuals with stroke on arrival or within the first 24 hours were excluded, as were those receiving alternative antithrombotic drugs or procedural treatment. Exact logistic regression was used to examine the association between treatment and stroke, adjusting for injury grade. To account for the possibility of residual confounding, propensity scores for the likelihood of receiving anticoagulation were determined and used to match patients from each treatment group; the difference in the probability of stroke between the two groups was then calculated.

RESULTS

A total of 677 patients with BCVI receiving aspirin or anticoagulation were identified. A total of 3.8% (n = 23) of 600 patients treated with aspirin sustained a stroke, compared to 11.7% (n = 9) of 77 receiving anticoagulation. After adjusting for injury grade with exact regression, anticoagulation was associated with higher likelihood of stroke (OR 3.01, 95% CI 1.00–8.21). In the propensity-matched analysis, patients who received anticoagulation had a 15.0% (95% CI 3.7%–26.3%) higher probability of sustaining a stroke compared to those receiving aspirin.

CONCLUSIONS

Therapeutic anticoagulation may be inferior to aspirin for stroke prevention in BCVI. Prospective research is warranted to definitively compare these treatment strategies.
Covid-19 Pandemic in South Africa: An Exploration on Citizen Adherence to Protocols and Communication
Authors: Moyo Lungisani
Published: May 2021

This paper sought to explore the general public’s response to the national communications about COVID-19 in the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa. A qualitative research strategy was utilised to conduct fieldwork in Scenery Park Phase 1 and 2 locations in Buffalo City Metropolitan Municipality in King Williams town CBD, and Alice town CBD in the Eastern Cape Province, South Africa to understand the context of the participants. Exploratory and descriptive approaches were used in this study. Data collection was cross-sectional as information was gathered once through face-to-face interviews with purposively selected 30 community members and leaders, 10 from each location. The findings indicated that, dissemination of information about COVID-19 was ineffective and inadequate for little was done to address the illiterate population. The study recommends the training and development of crisis leadership competencies as a proactive measure. The study also recommends spirited awareness campaigns ahead of an impending disaster to fully educate and empower the masses.
IMPLEMENTASI INSTRUKSI DIRJEN BIMAS ISLAM NOMOR: Kep/D/101/1978 TENTANG TUNTUNAN PENGERAS SUARA DI MASJID, LANGGAR, DAN MUSHOLA DALAM KONTEKS PLURALISME DAN PERSPEKTIF HUKUM TATA NEGARA ISLAM (Studi Kasus Masyarakat Kota Medan)
Authors: Abdillah Muhammad Zikri , Raus Afrian
Published: May 2021

The main problem in this study is how is the condition of religious communities after the circulation of the Directive of the Guidance and Guidance of the Islamic Community Guidance Number: Kep/D/101/1978 on Guidance for Loud Speakers in Mosques, Langgar and Mushola and how it is implemented in the context of pluralism and then see the policy in terms of perspective Islamic constitutional law. The purpose of this study is to describe how the conditions of worship of religious people before and after the circulation of the circular letter and to know how the implementation of the circular Directive Directorate General of Islamic Community Guidance Number: Kep / D / 101/1978 about Guidelines for Loud Speakers in the Mosque, Langgar, and Mushola for realizing what was instructed in the circular.
TRADISI MAANTA NASI PANAMBAI DALAM PERSPEKTIF HUKUM ISLAM (Studi Kasus di Padang Luar Nagari III Koto Kecamatan Rambatan Kabupaten Tanah Datar)
Authors: Maisa Amelia Putri , Elimartati Elimartati
Published: May 2021

Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan tradisi Maanta Nasi Panambai dalam prespektif hukum Islam di Padang Luar Nagari III Koto, Kecamatan Rambatan Kabupaten Tanah Datar. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian lapangan menggunakan metode kualitatif. Sumber data primer adalah hasil wawancara dengan Niniak Mamak, orang yang tidak menjalankan, dan orang yang pernah menjalankan tradisi maanta nasi panambai. Selain itu data juga diperoleh dari buku-buku adat, karya ilmiah, jurnal dan buku-buku lain yang berkaitan dengan penelitian. Adapun temuan penelitian ini adalah bahwa nasi panambai diantar sebelum akad nikah dan sebagai syarat untuk melaksanakan walimah atau baralek. Hal ini bertujuan untuk menjalin dan mempererat hubungan silaturrahmi, dan sebagai i’lan. Akibat tidak menjalankan maanta nasi panambai anak tidak memiliki bako, orang tua dan anaknya tidak bisa memakai adat. Sebagian masyarakat menganggap berat untuk melaksanakan maanta nasi panambai dikarenakan tidak ada biaya yang cukup, menikah di rantau, dan terlalu banyak syarat-syarat atau adat yang dilaksanakan setelah maanta nasi panambai. Sedangkan sanksi tidak melaksanakan maanta nasi panamabai  membayar adat kapalo ameh yaitu dengan membayar dua atau tiga katidiang padi bahkan lebih sesuai kesepakatan niniak mamak dan melaksanakan adat alek tokok lutuik. Menurut hukum Islam proses pelaksanaan adat ini termasuk kepada ‘urf shahih karena tidak bertentangan dengan nash dan memiliki mashlahat yang besar dan tidak menimbulkan mudharat yang besar.
IMPLEMENTASI ATURAN ADAT TENTANG HARTA SUARANG SETELAH TERJADINYA PERCERAIAN MENURUT HUKUM ISLAM (Studi Kasus di Nagari Batu Balang)
Authors: Pramadanti Wulan , Elimartati Elimartati
Published: May 2021

Studi ini mengkaji aturan adat tentang harta suarang setelah terjadinya perceraian menurut Hukum Islam (Studi Kasus di Nagari Batu Balang). Permasalahannya adalah bagaimana implementasi aturan adat tentang harta suarang setelah terjadinya perceraian menurut Hukum Islam di Nagari Batu Balang. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menjelaskan aturan Adat dan pelaksanaan aturan Adat terhadap harta Suarang setelah terjadinya perceraian dan untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis penerepan aturan Adat terhadap harta Suarang setelah terjadi perceraian di Nagari Batu Balang menurut Hukum Islam. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian lapangan dengan menggunakan metode kualitatif. Adapun hasil temuan penelitian adalah bahwa peraturan harta suarang ditetapkan oleh niniak mamak pada tahun 1989 kemudian pelaksanaannya sebagian masyarakat ada yang membagi sebagian tidak. Adapun yang membagi sudah sesuai dengan ketentuan Undang-undang dan KHI dan yang tidak membagi ada beberapa alasan yaitu karna hartanya sedikit, harta dikuasai oleh istri, harta berada dikediaman istri. Pelaksanaan aturan tentang Harta Suarang menurut Hukum Islam termasuk kedalam kategori ‘Urf Shahih, yaitu Adat atau kebiasaan yang berlaku disuatu tempat yang tidak bertentangan dengan ajaran Al-Qur’an dan Sunnah Rasulullah SAW, maka dapat dijadikan pegangan jika terjadi tuntutan terhadap permasalahan dan perselisihan mengenai harta itu sendiri. Dalam hal ini Hukum Islam tidak melarang dan dikategorikan kepada Mubah.
The Ghosts at the Feast: Contested Land, Settlement, and Identity in the Jordanian Bādīya
Authors: Wojnarowski Frederick
Published: May 2021

This article considers how enactions of hospitality, everyday politics and livelihoods in the largely sedentarised, but still discursively Bedouin villages south-east of Amman continue to be shaped by long, contested and intersecting processes of land settlement, sedentarisation and state encompassment. I combine a specific ethnographic encounter (a village feast and the anxious, tense talk about land that occurred at it) with a reading of history to show how ideas of settlement remain crucial, though contested, for understanding the positionality of former nomadic pastoralists in Jordan. I focus on how Jordan's Bādīya - its arid and sparsely-populated eastern steppe - has been conceived of as a socially, politically and legally different, but encompassed, part of the nation-state. This discourse, I argue, has precedents in deep history and classical Arabic thought, but has taken on a particular form in the postcolonial and developmental state of Jordan.
Zum Umgehen von und Umgang mit Ungleichheiten in der Klimapolitik und der Forschung für eine klimafreundlichere Gestaltung des Alltags
Authors: Röhr Ulrike , Weller Ines
Published: May 2021

Angesichts der Dringlichkeit der Klimakrise muss eine deutliche Fokussierung der Umwelt- und Klimapolitik auf grundlegende gesellschaftliche Transformationen zur substantiellen Reduzierung des Ausstoßes an Klimagasen stattfinden. Bestandteil dieser Neu-Konzeptualisierung ist auch die Ausdifferenzierung von Genderkonzepten u.a. durch ihre Erweiterung um Diversity und intersektionale Verknüpfungen. Dabei zeigen sich noch erhebliche Defizite in der Betrachtung und Berücksichtigung von gender- und diversitätsbezogenen Un/Gleichheitslagen sowohl in der Klimapolitik als auch in der Forschung zu Klimaschutz im Alltag. Gleiches gilt für die Kommunikation der Erkenntnisse.
Construction of a computational mechanical model of bronchi for practical simulation of the optimal positive intrathoracic pressure conditions during general thoracic surgery
Authors: Yamauchi Yoshikane , Saito Yuichi , Yasuda Atsushi , Shirai Suguru , Kondo Hiroshi , Uehara Hirofumi , Sakao Yukinori , Kawamura Masafumi , Yokobori Toshimitsu , Tanuma Tadashi
Published: May 2021

BACKGROUND: Thoracic CO2 insufflation with positive intrathoracic pressure is usually effective during thoracoscopic surgery, however, lung collapse is sometimes insufficient. We hypothesized that inappropriate bronchial collapse might cause this unsuccessful lung collapse. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to construct a computational mechanical model of bronchi for practical simulation to discover the optimal conditions of positive intrathoracic pressure during thoracoscopic surgery. METHODS: Micro-focus high-resolution X-ray computed tomography measurements of lungs from just-slaughtered swine were extracted, and the three-dimensional geometries of the bronchi under pressurized and depressurized conditions were measured accurately. The mechanical properties of the bronchus were also measured. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and computational structural mechanics (CSM) analyses were conducted. RESULTS: The CSM results indicated that the present structural model could simulate bronchial occlusion. The CFD results showed that airflows from pressed lung alveoli might cause low-internal-pressure regions when suddenly or heterogeneously pushed airflow was injected from a small branching bronchus to a large bronchus. A preliminary computational mechanical model of bronchi was constructed. CONCLUSIONS: We demonstrated the performance of the mechanical model of bronchi in rough simulations of bronchial occlusions. However, this model should be verified further using human data to facilitate its introduction to clinical use.
Blueberries and insulin protect microglial cells against high glucose-induced inflammation and restore GLUT-1
Authors: Hininger-Favier I. , Thangthaeng N. , Bielinski D.F. , Fisher D.R. , Poulose S.M. , Shukitt-Hale B.
Published: May 2021

BACKGROUND:

Growing evidence suggests that hyperglycemia could be harmful for cognitive function. That insulin (INS) has a neuro-modulatory role is supported by various findings, but its effect on microglia, the innate immune cells in the brain, is largely unknown. Blueberries have been shown to reduce neuro-inflammation.

OBJECTIVE:

We hypothesized that high glucose stimulated an inflammation in microglia and that BB and INS were able to reduce it and both might act through GLUT-1 transporter.

METHODS:

We examined the effects of low (5 mM), medium (25 mM), or high (50 mM) glucose, stimulated or not with lipopolysaccharide (LPS; 100 nM) with either BB extract (2 mg/ml) and/or INS, on inflammatory responses in a microglia cell line. Nitric oxide (NO) production and the expression levels of iNOS, TNF- α, NOX4 and glucose transporter protein-1 (GLUT1) were assessed.

RESULTS:

We observed that treatment with BB, similarly to INS treatments, reduced the high glucose concentration-induced response on oxidative stress and inflammation, and that this protective effect is more important with LPS added to glucose media. Interestingly, both BB and INS attenuated the LPS-induced inflammatory response on GLUT1.

CONCLUSION:

Increasing glucose concentration triggers inflammation by microglia. BB as well as INS protected microglia from high glucose levels, by reducing inflammation and altering glucose transport in microglia. These preliminary data compared for the first time BB to Insulin on microglia. Blueberries are promising dietary intervention to prevent diabetic neuropathy. Our preliminary results suggest a possible new mechanism involving GLUT-1 by which BB has insulin-like effects.
Black raspberry anthocyanins protect BV2 microglia from LPS-induced inflammation through down-regulating NOX2/TXNIP/NLRP3 signaling
Authors: Mu Teng , Guan Yang , Chen Tianqiao , Wang Shuning , Li Mei , Chang Alan K , Yang Zhe , Bi Xiuli
Published: May 2021

BACKGROUND:

Increasing evidence has established neuroinflammation as the hallmark of neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD). However, despite the underlying immunological mechanisms are far from being understood, the involvement of excessive activation of microglia is attracting more and more attention.

OBJECTIVE:

In the present study, we investigated the protective effect of black raspberry (BRB) anthocyanins on LPS-induced neuroinflammation in BV2 microglia.

METHODS:

LPS-induced mouse BV2 microglia were treated with black raspberry anthocyanins and the levels of NO, ROS, IL-1β and IL-18 produced by the cells were measured to determine the extent of oxidative stress and inflammatory response.

RESULTS:

The results showed that BRB anthocyanins reduced the production of ROS in LPS-induced BV2 microglia by down-regulating the level of NOX2 and its downstream factors, including thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP) and NOD-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome. Furthermore, BRB anthocyanins inhibited the secretion of Interleukin-18 (IL-18) and Interleukin-1β (IL-1β), eventually attenuating the LPS-induced inflammatory response of BV2 microglia.

CONCLUSIONS:

BRB anthocyanins might play an important neuroprotective role in inflammation-related neurodegenerative disease, potentially, by down-regulating the NOX2 /TXNIP/ NLRP3 signaling axis in brain microglia.
The effects of different drying methods on some physical and chemical properties of ‘Eksikara’ grape cultivar grown in Karaman region
Authors: Mazlum İrem , Nizamlioğlu Nizam Mustafa
Published: May 2021

In this work, four different drying methods, namely natural drying in sun, natural drying in shade, natural drying in sun using a dipping solution and natural drying in shade using dipping solution were used to drying Ekşikara grapes growing in Karaman, Turkey. While aw values of all grapes were decreased during drying, total soluble solids content increased. The values of pH and total acidity in grape samples significantly increased during the drying period due to the increase in dry matter content. The results showed that all the drying treatments significantly increased the total phenolic content, total antioxidant activity, trans-resveratrol, organic acid and sugar compounds. Trans-resveratrol amounts were slightly higher in the samples dried in the shade and in the dipping solution treatment and decreased as the drying time increases. An increase in organic acid and sugar contents was observed depending on the drying time. The change of colour was comparatively faster in dried samples with dipping solution. It was found that dipping solution treatment (7 days) reduced the drying time by half when compared to the samples without dipping solution treatment (15 days). This result is important for the grape producers of Karaman/Turkey, where the drying period under sun generally take 15 days.
GLDS method for multiple attribute group decision making under 2-Tuple linguistic neutrosophic environment
Authors: Fan Jianping , Yan Feng , Wu Meiqin
Published: May 2021

In this article, the gained and lost dominance score (GLDS) method is extended into the 2-tuple linguistic neutrosophic environment, which also combined the power aggregation operator with the evaluation information to deal with the multi-attribute group decision-making problem. Since the power aggregation operator can eliminate the effects of extreme evaluating data from some experts with prejudice, this paper further proposes the 2-tuple linguistic neutrosophic numbers power-weighted average operator and 2-tuple linguistic neutrosophic numbers power-weighted geometric operator to aggregate the decision makers’ evaluation. Moreover, a model based on the score function and distance measure of 2-tuple linguistic neutrosophic numbers (2TLNNs) is developed to get the criteria weights. Combing the GLDS method with 2-tuple linguistic neutrosophic numbers and developing a 2TLNN-GLDS method for multiple attribute group decision making, it can express complex fuzzy information more conveniently in a qualitative environment and also consider the dominance relations between alternatives which can get more effective results in real decision-making problems. Finally, an applicable example of selecting the optimal low-carbon logistics park site is given. The comparing results show that the proposed method outperforms the other existing methods, as it can get more reasonable results than others and it is more convenient and effective to express uncertain information in solving realistic decision-making problems.
Associations between whole and low-fat dairy products consumption, physical performance and mental health
Authors: Ghodsi Ramin , Rostami Hosein , Parastouei Karim , Taghdir Maryam
Published: May 2021

BACKGROUND:

Military staff are required to be in a proper condition of mental health and weight standards and have a specific level of physical performances (PP). Dairy products are rich sources of essential nutrients. It was demonstrated that Iranians consume much less milk and its products and there is no exception in the military staff.

OBJECTIVES:

To examine the association between consumption of low or whole-fat dairy and psychological disorders and PP in military personnel.

METHODS:

This cross-sectional study was conducted in four military zones of Iran. Dairy products intake were evaluated by using a semi-quantitative food-frequency questionnaire (FFQ). The Persian version of Depression, Anxiety, Stress Scale-21 (DASS-21) were used to assess participants’ depression, anxiety and stress and PP were assessed by a 2-mile run, sit-up, push-up and pull-up.

RESULTS:

There was a significant negative relationship between the tertiles of total and low-fat dairy consumption and depression (OR 0.28, 95% CI 0.10 to 0.79, P < 0.05), and low-fat dairy consumption and stress (OR 0.34, 95% CI 0.13 to 0.93, P < 0.05). Also, there was a positive association between the last tertiles of low-fat dairy consumption and suitable PP (OR 5.28, 95% CI 1.08 to 25.71, P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONS:

We concluded that consumption of dairy products and particularly low-fat products are related to less psychological problems and a better PP level.
Adherence to the pyramid of the Mediterranean diet (2010), non-communicable diseases and lifestyle in online postgraduate Spanish students in the food area
Authors: Elío Iñaki , Jarrín Sandra , Eléxpuru María , Crespo Jorge , Domínguez Irma , Tutusaus Killian , Ruíz Roberto , Calderón Rubén , Sumalla Sandra
Published: May 2021

BACKGROUND:

In Spain, there are several studies published on the relationship between eating habits and lifestyle among university students; but only a few of them are focused on online postgraduate students.

OBJECTIVE:

Herein we aimed to evaluate the degree of adherence to the Mediterranean diet pyramid (2010 edition), non-communicable diseases (NCDs), and lifestyle in online postgraduate students aged 20–65 years belonging to the food area of the Fundación Universitaria Iberoamericana (FUNIBER).

METHODS:

We performed a descriptive cross-sectional study including 100 online post-graduate students aged 20–65 years who were recruited by an accidental non-probabilistic sampling method consisting of a questionnaire on their sociodemographic characteristics, NCDs, lifestyle, and a 3-day food intake record (3-d).

RESULTS:

The profile of the students was 74% women, with a mean age of 36.6 (±10.5) years and body mass index (BMI) of 22.6 kg / m2 (±3.3). 71% of the volunteers presented normal weight, while 20% were overweight. Indeed, only a low percentage of the volunteers presented hypertension (1%), cardiovascular disease (0%), diabetes mellitus 1 (2%), diabetes mellitus 2 (3%), hypercholesterolemia (9%), and hyperuricemia (2%). Concerning lifestyle, (77%) of students were non-smokers, (78%) consumed beverages with caffeine, (51%) did not consume alcoholic beverages, and nearly all of them (84%) frequently (3 times /week) practiced physical activity. 68% of the recruited students exhibited adherence to “Medium diet quality diet (4–7)” followed by (26%) with a “Poor diet quality (<3)” and “Optimal diet quality” (6%).

CONCLUSIONS:

Spanish postgraduate students of the nutritional area, have good health and a healthy lifestyle but are moving away from the MD model, should be established campaigns for the improvement of eating habits of the postgraduate university population.
Evidence supporting beneficial effects of virgin olive oil compared to sunflower and fish oils from the point of view of aging and longevity
Authors: Badillo-Carrasco Alberto , Jiménez-Trigo Victoria , Romero-Márquez José M. , Rivas-García Lorenzo , Varela-López Alfonso , Navarro-Hortal María D.
Published: May 2021

Diet plays a central role in aging and in the prevention of age-related diseases. Specifically, dietary lipids have influence on processes like oxidative stress or inflammation. This review summarizes and compares the effects of lifelong feeding on three different fat sources, namely virgin olive oil, sunflower oil or fish oil (which differ in fatty acid profile and minor components content) in the pancreas, liver, alveolar bone and femur of old rats. Also, effects on longevity and causes of death are summarized. Animals fed on virgin olive oil had a lower number of β cells and insulin content in the pancreas, less liver fibrosis, less loss of alveolar bone, and greater bone mass density in the femur. In general, the markers of oxidative damage at the liver, pancreatic, gingival and systemic levels were also lower in animals fed on virgin olive oil compared to those treated with sunflower or fish oil. Finally, although the animals died from similar causes regardless of the experimental group, virgin olive oil increased lifespan compared to sunflower oil. Therefore, it is evidenced the chance to modulate the effects of the physiological aging process by diet and, more specifically, by dietary fat.
Energy efficient modernization of KVG and TGV boilers
Authors: Glamazdin P. , Glamazdin D.
Published: May 2021

At present, the district heating systems of Ukrainian cities are in a critical state. They need significant modernization. This especially applies to very important components of district heating systems – heating water boilers. Unsatisfactory condition of boilers is mainly due to the obsolescence of basic equipment, including boilers. The operating time of them exceeds the passport lifetime. There ia a lack of modern automation, especially in terms of controlling operating modes. Nominal power of them exceeds the real heat loads. The range of hot water boilers used is not large. These are low-power boilers of the series NDIST, "Universal", "Energiia", "Fakel" and others, medium-power boilers of the series TVG and KVG and high-power boilers of series PTVM and KVGM. According to their prevalence, special attention should be paid to boilers of the series TVG and KVG. The series are installed on quarter boiler houses. The boilers of these series have an efficient design of the furnace volume and an optimized design of the convective part. Nevertheless, in terms of automation, gas supply and air supply systems, they no longer meet today's requirements. They are outdated comparing to the achieved level of technical solutions. The article discusses the main shortcomings of the design of boilers: insufficient durability of the gas collector in the hearth burner, small diameter of the pipes of the convective part and the use of fireclay materials in the setting of the burners. The first two shortcomings were overcome by the developers by the increase in the diameter of the pipes of convective packages and the modernization of MPIG-3 hearth burners. The third shortcoming should be overcomed by replacing the setting with a modern one during off-season repairs. Reserves for improving the energy efficiency of boilers of these series are found. To do this, it is necessary to install additional convective heating surfaces (economizers or air-heaters), replace the setting and equip the boilers with a modern automation system with cascading the burners. It allows improving efficiency up to 94...95 % and environmental performance according to the modern requirements.
Feasibility study for the use of variable air volume systems for office buildings
Authors: Moskvitina A. , Shyshyna M.  , Korchminskyi M.
Published: May 2021

The main factor contributing to greenhouse gas emissions is the building up of the surrounding area. Studies have shown that buildings globally consume 30-40 % of energy use and release 40-50 % of global carbon dioxide emissions. Among all systems in houses, heating, ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC) systems are by far the most energy intensive. They consume approximately 50 % of the total energy demand of buildings. However, the systems are some of the most important systems in today's buildings. The number of these systems that are being installed has increased dramatically over the past few years. This is mainly due to the increasing demands for thermal energy, comfort and climate change. This paper presents a feasibility and ecology study between two ventilation or air-conditioning systems: constant air volume (CAV) and variable air volume (VAV). One of the purposes of this work is to determine the energy costs for each of the systems. An air conditioning system that saves operating costs usually requires a large initial investment. In this case, engineers must decide whether it is worth paying the additional upfront costs for a system that has lower operating costs. Despite the low attractiveness from the point of view of the investor, the VAV systems reduce the amount of greenhouse gas emissions and the amount of energy resources for servicing the commercial sector. Such system have less metal consumption. Thus, the cost of metal processing is also reduced. The results of this study can contribute to the future selection of ventilation systems, as well as contribute to the design and improvement of the systems under study. Energy saving is one of the main reasons why VAV systems are very popular today for the design of ventilation and air conditioning systems for office buildings and in many industries abroad. With these systems, the volume of transported air is reduced as soon as the operating load falls below the maximum projected load. The calculation of emissions of harmful substances into the environment was made while ensuring the operation of CAV and VAV systems.
Effects of banking scale and operating expenses to profit of joint stock commercial banks in Vietnam
Authors: Trần Tâm Thanh , Vy Lê Vũ Tường
Published: May 2021

The operation of the bank is an important economic activity, which has contributed significantly to the development of the national economy over the past years. Therefore, the efficiency in the business operations of joint stock commercial banks is a topic that needs to be addressed, as it directly affects the efficiency in providing capital to businesses, as well as the stability and development of the financial market. Determining the factors affecting the profitability of joint-stock commercial banks will help managers to operate the bank's operations more efficiently. The purpose of this paper is to examine whether the profitability of a joint stock commercial bank in Vietnam is affected by its size and operating costs. All parameter estimates of the regression model are based on regression analysis of the random effects table of REM. Data of the study included 28 joint stock commercial banks in Vietnam for the period of 2012-2019. Empirical research results show that the bank's profit is affected by financial leverage and more particularly, there exists a positive correlation of the bank size and the operating cost on the bank's profit. The fact that larger banks are more competitive has the ability to diversify their asset portfolios, focus on higher profit margins, and spend money to investment, upgrading of service quality and facilities lead to increased operating costs, thereby reducing risks and increasing profits.
IDENTIFIKASI BORAKS DAN CEMARAN MIKROBIA PADA KARAK MENTAH DI SURAKARTA
Authors: Pamungkas Widya Anggraini , Suhartatik Nanik , Mustofa Akhmad
Published: May 2021

Karak adalah produk kering terbuat dari beras yang biasanya berbentuk lempengan tipis. Bahan baku karak berupa beras, garam, “bleng”, dan bumbu lain. Bleng merupakan bahan yang mengandung boraks. Boraks melalui PerMenkes 722/MenKes/Per/IX/1988 dilarang digunakan sebagai bahan tambahan pangan karena berdampak negatif bagi kesehatan manusia seperti gangguan fungsi hati, kerusakan ginjal, mengganggu fungsi testis dan berdampak kematian. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasional dan menggunakan metode survei. Pengujian dilakukan di 5 kecamatan di Surakarta yakni Kecamatan Banjarsari, Pasar Kliwon, Jebres, Serengan, dan Kecamatan Laweyan dengan 2 pasar yang mewakili setiap kecamatan. Pengujian yang dilakukan meliputi uji kimia dan uji mikrobiologi. Uji kimia yang dilakukan berupa pengujian boraks dan kadar air. Hasil pengujian kimia menunjukkan 100% sampel mengandung boraks dimana kandungan boraks berkisar antara 39,33-536 ppm dan 100% sampel mentah mempunyai kadar air lebih dari SNI yaitu 20%. Hasil mikrobiologi meliputi angka kapang, angka lempeng total, dan E.Coli banyak yang tidak sesuai dengan SNI 01-4307-1996. Hal ini menunjukan bahwa karak yang beredar di pasar tradisional di Kota Surakarta belum aman untuk dikonsumsi.
PENERAPAN NILAI-NILAI KARAKTER PADA MATA PELAJARAN PENDIDIKAN AGAMA ISLAM DI SMP NEGERI 1 BUNTA KABUPATEN LUWUK BANGGAI
Authors: Muharram Darmawati , Aimang Hasrat A
Published: May 2021

Adapun tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui penerapan nilai-nilai karakter pada mata pelajaran pendidikan agama Islam di SMP Negeri 1 Bunta Kabupaten Banggai. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode pendekatan penelitian kualitatif, artinya pemilihan yang bertujuan menjelaskan hasil penelitian yang di temukan oleh penulis di lapangan. Dari berbagai upaya yang dilakukan oleh peneliti dalam melengkapi penelitian ini dengan pedekatan penelitian kualitatif yaitu sumber data tentang penerapan nilai-nilai karakter pada mata pelajaran pedidikan agama islam, penelitian ini menghasilakan informasi bahwa nilai-nilai karakter pada mata pelajaran pendidikan agama Islam dapat di laksanakan dengan baik oleh guru, dengan mengintegrasikan pada mata pelajaran pendidikan agama islam Kata Kunci : Penerapan; Karakter; Pembelajaran
PENDIIDIKAN KARAKTER YANG BERBASIS PADA NILAI-NILAI PANCASILADI KELAS IV SDN NO.88 KOTA TENGAH KOTA GORONTALO
Authors: YALIDA ABDI
Published: May 2021

Abstrak : Pendidikan Karakter Yang Berbasis Pada Nilai-nilai Pancasila di Kelas IV (Studi di SDN No.88 Kota Tengah Kota Gorontalo)”. Tujuan dalam penelitian ini adalah a) mendeskripsikan pendidikan karakter yang berbasis pada nilai-nilai Pancasila di kelas IV SDN No.88 Kota Tengah Kota Gorontalo, b) mendeskripsikan faktor pendukung dalam pendidikan karakter yang berbasis pada nilai-nilai Pancasila, c) mengetahui faktor-faktor penghambat dalam pendidikan karakter. Hasil penelitian antara lain, (1) pendidikan karakter dengan nilai-nilai Pancasila yang di tanamkan meliputi nilai : religius, jujur, toleran, disiplin, mandiri, demokratis, rasa ingin tahu, semangat kebangsaan, menghargai prestasi, cinta damai, gemar membaca, peduli lingkungan, peduli sosial, dilakukan melalui pembiasaan, kurikulum, kegiatan ekstrakurikuler, aktivitas peserta didik dalam lingkungan sekolah, dan lingkungan msayarakat. (2) faktor pendukung meliputi kepribadi, keluarga, dan lingkungan, merupakan bagian dari pendukung pendidikan karakter yang ada di SDN No.88 Kota Tengah. (3) keteladanan, peraturan yang kurang tegas, kurangnya kerja sama yang baik, beragamnya latar belakang siswa, dan ketersedian sarana prasarana sekolah, kelima hal tersebut yang merupakan kendala dalam penanaman nilai Pancasila kepada siswa.Kata Kunci: Pendidikan Karakter, Nilai-nilai Pancasila, Pendukung dan Kendala
IMPLEMENTASI LANDASAN SOSIOLOGIS DALAM PENGEMBANGAN KURIKULUM MUATAN LOKAL BERBASIS KEAGAMAAN DI SMAN 1 PLERET BANTUL
Authors: SAPUTRI RIMA YUNI
Published: May 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana implementasi landasan sosiologis pengembangan kurikulum melalui kurikulum muatan lokal berbasis keagamaan di SMAN 1 Pleret Bantul. Adapun metode penilitan menggunakan metode kualitatif. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan metode observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Metode analisis data dalam penelitian ini adalah reduksi data, penyajian data, uji validitas data, verifikasi dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah sebagai implementasi landasan sosiologis pengembangan kurikulum, SMAN 1 Pleret Bantul mengembangkan kurikulum muatan lokal berbasis keagamaan. Muatan lokal berbasis keagamaan ini diwujudkan baik dalam bidang ekstrakurikuler, intrakurikuler, dan didukung oleh beberapa kegiatan keagamaan yang dilaksanakan secara rutin di sekolah. Hal ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan sikap religiusitas siswa sehingga terwujud dalam bentuk akhlak dan perilaku moral dalam perilaku siswa sehari-hari baik di sekolah, rumah, maupun di masyarakat.
Utilização De Azitromicina Para O Tratamento Da Covid-19: Uma Visão Crítica
Authors: Vanzeler Maria Luzinete Alves , Dias Fernanda Ferreira , Andrade Fabiula , Soares Iris Alvina Guarim , Sávio Keithiany Caroline dos Santos , Gonçalves Laís Santana , Paes Melissa Ramos Santos
Published: May 2021

O presente artigo tem por objetivo compreender as propriedades farmacológicas da AZT e analisar possíveis motivos de sua utilização no tratamento do COVID-19 isoladamente ou associado com cloroquina (CQ) ou com hidroxicloroquina (HCQ). Para isso foi feita uma pesquisa bibliográfica nas seguintes bases de dados: Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO), US National Library of Medicine (PUBMED) e ScienceDirect. No estudo foi reunido dados sobre a farmacologia da Azitromicina (AZT), seu histórico, seus usos, destacando as pesquisas realizadas em 2020 com essa droga para o tratamento da COVID-19. Cabe salientar que a AZT é um antibiótico da subclasse dos macrolídeos com variado emprego farmacoterapêutico, especialmente no tratamento de infecções bacterianas, respiratórias, geniturinárias e entéricas. Durante a pandemia pelo SARS-COV-2, a AZT associada à HCQ foram cogitadas para o tratamento da doença devido aos seus resultados in vitro. Houve muito debate quanto ao uso da combinação dessas drogas e antes mesmo dos resultados dos estudos clínicos serem publicados o Ministério da Saúde já fez recomendações quanto ao uso desses fármacos para tratar a COVID-19. Organizações de saúde nacionais e internacionais foram mais cautelosas e ressaltaram a falta de evidências científicas para esse uso. As informações colhidas nesta revisão da literatura, sugerem que a administração de AZT ou AZT associada com HCQ ou CQ não se mostrou eficaz no tratamento de pacientes COVID-19 tanto para caso leves como para casos moderados ou graves.
高层建筑岩土工程勘察与评价
Authors: 钱 圣
Published: May 2021

随着城市现代化和科技飞速的发展，高层建筑越来越受到城市的厚爱，由于高层建筑结构复杂，荷载较大，功能齐全，给工程基础设计带来了很多挑战，给勘察单位也带来了新的要求。根据工程实例，从地基土的物理力学性质指标，场地的均匀性、稳定性、变形等方面综合考虑，对高层建筑物工程地质勘察基础形式及基坑支护提出了合理的建议，最后对场地的工程地质性质做出评价。
建筑工程大体积混凝土施工裂缝控制措施研究
Authors: 董 常斌
Published: May 2021

在社会经济飞速发展的形势下，我国建筑工程行业发展取得了良好的成绩，从而有效的推动了高层建筑以及超高层建筑施工及时水平的不断提升，现代施工设施与设备大范围的被人们运用到工程项目建设施工工作之中，促进了工程施工质量的显著提升。大体积混凝土结构是当前最为先进的一种高层建筑结构模式，但是就工程施工各方面实际情况来说，大体积混凝土结构因为受到水泥水化热作用的影响，所以极易引发结构裂缝的问题，从而会对建筑工程项目施工质量造成严重的损害。鉴于此，这篇文章主要围绕建筑大体积混凝土施工裂缝控制展开全面深入的研究分析，希望能够对我国建筑工程行业的未来良好发展有所帮助。
浅析装配式建筑施工技术在建筑工程施工管理中的应用
Authors: 崔 涛
Published: May 2021

在多方面利好因素的影响下，我国社会综合国力得到了良好的发展，从而为建筑工程行业的持续健康发展打下了坚实的基础。装配式建筑是当前最为先进的一种建筑模式，因为其具有良好的优越性，所以被人们大范围的加以实践运用，并且取得了良好的成效。装配式建筑其实质就是运用当前工业化生产的模式来实施建筑工程项目的建造，建筑中各个重点结构部件都是在工厂中统一进行生产制造的，随后将生产出的各个结构部件运送到施工现场进行组装，最终形成完整的结构部件。在将所有的分支结构部件运送到施工现场之后，都是运用传统的浇筑施工方案进行组装的，所以在建筑结构的外部看来，建筑结构与传统建筑都是一样的，装配式建筑工程与以往房屋建筑工程相对比可以切实的提升工程的施工效率，并且也可以提高各类施工资源的利用效率，避免对生态环境造成污染的情况发生。
浅析建筑工程管理的信息化建设
Authors: 王 文升
Published: May 2021

近年来，我国加大了对外经济开放的力度，从而为社会经济水平的不断提升起到了重要的促进作用。当前人类社会已经步入到了信息化的时代，所以信息技术逐渐的被人们大范围的运用到了各个领域之中，很多企业都已经彻底的摆脱了以往的老旧工作模式，逐渐的将计算机技术运用到了各个领域之中。将信息化技术合理的运用到建筑工程管理工作之中，可以对建筑工程涉及到的各项信息数据加以整合分析，不但可以提升工作的效率，并且在保证工程安全方面也发挥出了重要的影响作用。
浅谈建筑工程施工中深基坑支护的施工技术管理
Authors: 黄 志强
Published: May 2021

近年来，我国社会经济水平在多方面利好因素的影响下得到了全面的提升，从而为我国城市化建设工作的全面实施创造了良好的基础，特别是在最近的几年时间里，为了满足社会发展和民众生活的需要，全国各个地区大量的建筑工程项目应时而生。在建筑工程施工建造中，深基坑支护技术的使用较为频繁，特别是在高层建筑地下结构建造中，将深基坑支护施工技术加以适当的运用可以有效的提升整个建筑的稳定性和安全性。深基坑支护施工技术往往与整个工程施工质量存在轻蔑的关联，如果任何一个细节出现问题，那么都会对工程施工质量造成一定的损害，并且会对周边所设置的各项设施形成诸多的影响。鉴于此，这篇文章主要围绕建筑工程施工中深基坑支护施工技术管理工作展开全面深入的研究分析，希望能够对我国建筑工程行业的未来良好发展有所帮助。
BIM技术在绿色公共建筑设计中的应用分析
Authors: 杨 荣洁
Published: May 2021

文章强调了BIM技术在绿色公共建筑设计中的应用优势，并对BIM技术在绿色公共建筑设计中的具体应用进行了简单分析。在此基础上，以某绿色公共建筑项目为例，从室外环境分析、室内环境分析、其他关键的绿色建筑这三方面入手，阐述了基于BIM技术的绿色公共建筑设计要点。
建筑工程施工中排水系统施工技术分析
Authors: 陆 仁熙
Published: May 2021

排水系统施工是建筑工程中较为重要的一项系统建设工作。在现代社会的发展过程中，人们对建筑物的使用需求越来越朝着多功能的方向发展。同时，科学技术的发展也为建筑工程的各种施工技术带来了一定程度的革新，而排水系统施工技术的更新，是其中重要的一环。基于此，文章以建筑工程施工中的排水系统为主要研究对象，着重对建筑工程施工中排水系统的施工技术进行研究和分析。
影响建筑工程经济管理的因素分析与应对策略
Authors: 王 江 , 韩 亮
Published: May 2021

在社会经济快速发展的影响下，建筑工程行业的发展壮大取得了良好的成绩，与此同时大量的新兴建筑工程施工企业应时而生，使得整个建筑工程行业内部的竞争形势越发的严峻。建筑工程施工单位要想保证自身能够在激烈的竞争中长期保持不败的境地，那么就需要充分结合行业发展趋势，从建筑工程经济管理方面入手来不断的提升自身的综合实力。经过大量的实践调查我们发现，与建筑工程经济管理存在关联的因素较多，诸如：市场因素、资金因素、施工材料因素、施工技术因素等等，所以要想保证建筑工程经济管理工作的整体效果，那么就需要围绕这些影响因素进行综合分析研究，结合研究结果来制定针对性的解决方案。
Фінансування Міністерства оборони України як фактор впливу на систему ресурсного забезпечення потреб оборони
Authors: Volkov Evgeniy , Loishyn Anatolii
Published: May 2021

Результати дослідження викликають цікавість у науковців та управлінців, які обіймаються проблематикою всебічного забезпечення потреб оборони України. В умовах збройної агресії Російської Федерації на сході України та тимчасової анексії АР Крим забезпечення нагальних потреб оборони України є найвищим пріоритетом державної політики. Інтеграція України у Європейський простір та намагання набути довгоочікуваного членства в НАТО потребує перегляду та удосконалення механізмів забезпечення національної безпеки України, у тому числі, ресурсного забезпечення. Ключовим питанням статті є здійснення аналізу динаміки видатків з державного бюджету на потреби Міністерства оборони України в умовах триваючої агресії з боку РФ та напрями їх використання. Невід’ємним аспектом в процесі вивчення даної тематики став аналіз витрат на розвиток, закупівлю, модернізацію та ремонт озброєння, військової техніки, засобів, обладнання та динаміки обсягів видатків на утримання Збройних Сил України. Наведено динаміку показників номінального ВВП до потреби оборонних видатків. Запропоновані мінімальні кроки для удосконалення існуючого механізму фінансового забезпечення потреб оборонного, оборонно-промислового комплексу, створення ефективної системи управління в кризовий період. Проведений у статті аналіз дозволив ідентифікувати наявні прогалини бюджетного процесу, що проявляються за рахунок нестабільно орієнтовних показників видатків, мінливості затверджених планів асигнувань, до яких вносяться постійні зміни. Підтверджена необхідність у розподілі видатків на потреби відповідно до найкращих світових практик. Ключовим питанням у контексті проблематики дослідження виділено тривалу економічну та політичну кризу та наявність тривалої боротьби з корупцією.
Рекомендації щодо порядку застосування методичного підходу до воєнно-економічного обґрунтування вибору варіанту розвідувально-ударної системи або комплексу в програмах (планах)
Authors: Semenenkо Olegh , Remez Artem , Musienko Vladimir , Motrunych Ivan , Bulhakov Andrii , Tarasov Oleh
Published: May 2021

Стан вітчизняної економіки та рівень впровадження сучасних технологій на підприємствах оборонно-промислового комплексу роблять проблематичним виконання у встановлені терміни всіх планів переозброєння Збройних Сил України. Тому найбільш прийнятним, як з воєнної, так і з економічної точки зору є підхід щодо ситуаційного інтегрування наявних сил і засобів у цільові системи в єдиному інформаційному просторі шляхом інтеграції засобів розвідки, управління та ураження. Тобто розвідувально-ударна система, побудована з множини підсистем об'єднаних інформаційними відносинами, які функціонують, як одне ціле, на основі єдиних принципів і правил, з погодженими основними вимогами до їх складових дозволить збільшити ефективність бойового застосування військ за рахунок синергетичного ефекту. Але інтегрування різних сил і засобів у цільові системи створює передумови щодо наявності декілька можливих варіантів цих систем, які мають різні оцінки ефективності їх застосування, вартісні показники їх створення, утримання та застосування, а також різні часові інтервали щодо їх створення та приведення у бойову готовність. Тому система показників і критеріїв оцінювання та порівняння різних варіантів розвідувально-ударно систем чи комплексів, а також методичні підходи щодо обґрунтування вибору раціонального варіанту цих систем чи комплексів повинні мати інтегральний критерій вибору пріоритетного варіанту в умовах обстановки, що складається на час оцінювання. Тому авторами в статті запропоновано загальну структуру побудови методичного підходу до воєнно-економічного обґрунтування вибору раціонального варіанту розвідувально-ударної системи або комплексу з урахуванням воєнних, економічних та часових факторів, що вливають на їх створення, утримання та застосування, а також сформовано повну структурно-логічну схему цього підходу. У свою чергу запропонований методичний підхід дозволяє сформувати основні рекомендації щодо порядку його застосування в штабах, службах Збройних Силах України під час формування програм та планів розвитку озброєння та військової техніки Збройних Сил України та Збройних Сил України в цілому.
Palestinian Arabic versus Israeli Hebrew Place-Names: Comparative Cultural Reading of Landscape Nomenclature and Israeli Renaming Strategies
Authors: Dahamshe Amer
Published: May 2021

This article compares Palestinian (Arabic) and Israeli (Hebrew) names of natural features in Palestine/Israel. Based on postcolonial reading and critical toponymy, I argue that despite the dominance of the Jewish nationalist narrative the nomenclature includes ‘intermediate categories’ that attest to subversive linguistic practices, bottom-up communication aspects, and sociocultural realities. These aspects are analysed through five main categories: unification; uniqueness; male rhetoric replacing female identity; sanitization; and linguistic imitation. The article adds to the literature largely focused on the political aspect of the Jewish settlement names that replaced Palestinian names in that it shows how Zionist naming of natural features included the cultural perspectives of the Palestinian names in order to appropriate them for internal Jewish cultural needs.
Global South Modernism: Tagore, Victoria Ocampo, and the Geopolitics of Horizontal Relations
Authors: Novillo-Corvalán Patricia
Published: May 2021

This article explores cultural dialogues between countries located in the (so-called) global South, focusing on India and Argentina through the nexus between the Bengali author, artist, and educationalist Rabindranath Tagore (1861–1941) and the Argentine writer, publisher, and feminist Victoria Ocampo (1890–1979). The article examines the dialectical tensions that arose out of their encounter in Buenos Aires in 1924 which, while forging productive cultural networks through the globalist paradigms proposed by Ocampo's modernist review SUR and Tagore's Bengal-inflected notion of visva-sahitya – as well as the latter's significant contribution to the Argentine cultural scene – it also brought to the fore the geopolitics of empire by foregrounding India's and Argentina's fraught colonial relations with imperial Britain. 1
Some Biological Parameters of Patella caerulea From the Black Sea
Authors: AYDIN Mehmet , ŞAHİN Ahmet Emir , KARADURMUŞ Uğur
Published: May 2021

Limpets are common inhabitants of the midlittoral and upper infralittoral zones and play an important ecological role in the coastal ecosystem. The study aimed to assess growth, meat yield, morphological aspects, condition and reproduction features of Patella caerulea. About 58% of collected Mediterranean limpets were concentrated in the 25.0-34.9 mm shell length group. The average meat yield ratio was calculated as 39.34%. Mean growth increments for shell length (SL) and total weight (TW) were 23.99% and 97.99%, respectively. Results exhibited relatively high correlation coefficients among variables. Mean condition factor value was calculated as 14.2. Spawning occurs over a short period with ovigerous females observed on two month periods. Mean fecundity was calculated as 90,983±28,675 eggs/g whereas mean egg diameter was estimated as 160.6 μm. This study presents first baseline information about biological and morphological of Mediterranean Limpets population in Black Sea.