The main guidelines and priorities for the development of the livestock industry in the South of Russia
Authors:   Volga Region Research Institute of Manufacture and Processing of Meat-and-Milk Production, Gorlov I.F. , Fedorov Y.N. ,   All-Russian Research and Technological Institute of Biological industry, Anisimova E.Yu. ,   Volga Region Research Institute of Manufacture and Processing of Meat-and-Milk Production, Badmaeva K.E. ,   Volga Region Research Institute of Manufacture and Processing of Meat-and-Milk Production, Slozhenkina A.A. ,   Volga Region Research Institute of Manufacture and Processing of Meat-and-Milk Production, Mosolova D.A. ,   Volga Region Research Institute of Manufacture and Processing of Meat-and-Milk Production, Ubushieva V.S. ,   Volga Region Research Institute of Manufacture and Processing of Meat-and-Milk Production
Published: June 2024

Purpose. Development of a scientifically based concept of intensification of the livestock sector in the South of Russia through the introduction of modern biotechnological methods to increase the productive effect of feed, progressive molecular genetic methods of forecasting and management of breeding work, innovative technologies for storage and processing of agricultural products. Materials and Methods. Modern research methods in the implementation of the scientific project: chromatographic (HPLC), mass spectrometric (ICP-MS), atomic emission (ICP-AES), enzyme immunoassay (ELISA), PCR (PCR-RFLP, PCR-RT), genome-wide scanning, computer modeling were used. Discussion. A scientifically based strategy for feed production using non-traditional sources of key nutrients has been formulated, which makes it possible to increase the availability and digestibility of nutrients. Genotyping of beef cattle (GH, MC4R, CAPN1) and dairy cattle (CSN), small cattle (GWAS) was performed, the influence of various genotypes on the formation of economic and biological characteristics of animals was studied. Based on the developed technologies for storing and processing livestock and poultry products using regional vegetable raw materials, new types of products have been developed: a functional meat product based on chicken and turkey fillets, chitosan food and vitamin-mineral complex "Complivit"; boiled ham of a herodietic orientation with a high protein content, including beef and chicken meat-broilers; dumplings using beef, pork and chickpea flour, which allows you to increase the protein content in semi-finished products by 2.2% and enrich them with the necessary trace elements; meat product based on sheep meat of regional breeds with the inclusion of beet betaine, edible honeysuckle and cedar meal. A systematic approach has been developed to determine the development potential of livestock enterprises of various forms of management using cluster analysis tools. By improving the physiological parameters of animals and poultry (hematological profile, immune status, intestinal microbiota), forming the structure of the herd taking into account the desired genotypes, negative factors that reduce production efficiency in harsh agro-climatic conditions of arid territories are leveled. Conclusion. The introduction of the research team's developments into the production sector of the South of Russia will increase the productivity of farm animals and poultry by an average of 8-12%, the level of profitability of the industry by 4-6%, reduce the cost of production technology, as well as expand the range of meat and dairy products with increased nutritional and biological value, including functional, therapeutic, preventive and dietary purposes for different groups of the population.