bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Unlocking the Potential of IoT: Discovering the Next Big Advancements in Connectivity and Automation
Authors: Tanveer Mahrukh , Qureshi Muhammad Faizan , Saif ullah Qamar
Published: November 2024

The Internet of Things (IoT) has revolutionized the way we connect and interact with the world around us, bringing unprecedented levels of automation, convenience, and efficiency. As this transformative technology continues to evolve, researchers and industry experts are exploring emerging trends and technologies that have the potential to shape the future of the IoT landscape. In this article, we provide a brief overview of the current state of IoT and delve into key areas of innovation, including edge computing, artificial intelligence (AI), 5G connectivity, blockchain, and sustainable energy harvesting. These advancements hold immense promise in addressing challenges, enhancing security, enabling real-time applications, and fostering sustainability within the IoT ecosystem. Understanding and harnessing these emerging trends is crucial for unlocking the full potential of the IoT and driving its continued growth and impact on various industries and everyday life.
Keywords: Internet of Things, IoT, edge computing, artificial intelligence, machine learning, 5G connectivity, blockchain, energy harvesting, sustainability.
TEXT Reviews October 2024
Authors: Parker Gemma , Smith Hazel , Leggett Andrew , Shepherdson Nathan , Hecq Dominique , Bullock Owen , McInerney Stephen , Jones Jill
Published: November 2024

Gemma Parker reviews David McCooey’s The Book of Falling; Hazel Smith reviews Jessica Luck Lewis’s Poetics of Cognition: Thinking through experimental poems; Andrew Leggett reviews Peter Goldsworthy’s The Cancer Finishing School; Nathan Shepherdson reviews Jill Jones’s Acrobat Music: New & Selected Poems; Dominique Hecq reviews Jen Webb’s The Daily News; Owen Bullock reviews The Routledge Global Haiku Reader (edited by James Shea and Grant Caldwell); Stephen McInerney reviews Jakob Ziguras’s Venetian Mirrors; and Jill Jones reviews Hazel Smith’s Ecliptical.
A la sombra de Gauguin: Charles Strickland, música para un pintor ficticio en Soberbia (Albert Lewin, 1942)
Authors: Perez Garcia Lucía
Published: November 2024

Soberbia (Albert Lewin, 1942) es el primer biopic, si bien ficticio, sobre un artista contemporáneo. Basado en la novela de Somerset Maughan La luna y seis peniques (1919), cuenta la historia del pintor Charles Strickland, cuya vida y obra están inspiradas en Gauguin. El principal atractivo de la película es el retrato del creador como alguien excéntrico, cuyo genio se opone a las normas establecidas. Esta cuestión se refleja en los diversos elementos que componen el universo fílmico, siendo la música de Dimitri Tiomkin uno de los más importantes, debido a su capacidad para desentrañar las más profundas emociones del subconsciente. Su análisis aporta nuevos matices a los ya estudiados sobre esta producción, así como a las reflexiones sobre la visión de la figura del artista en el cine.
Arquitectura, moda y relatos expositivos. Diálogos desde la composición arquitectónica
Authors: Royo Naranjo Lourdes
Published: November 2024

La arquitectura presenta innumerables conexiones con el mundo de la moda, entre ellas servir de abrigo o piel para resguardar exposiciones cuyos recorridos se comportan como verdaderos espectáculos. Los espacios expositivos dedicados a la moda han ido adquiriendo mayor importancia e impacto en las últimas décadas del S. XXI, por lo que la innovación en este sector se encuentra en pleno auge. La convivencia estética a la vez que intelectual en estos recorridos permite conocer dos campos que conviven a lo largo de la vida cotidiana de las personas, la arquitectura, y la moda. Sus composiciones espaciales y al mismo tiempo, su narrativa, influyen en la inmersión hacia la vivencia del recorrido expositivo. El siguiente trabajo parte de un análisis histórico y comparativo de las exposiciones temporales que han albergado colecciones y exposiciones sobre moda a lo largo de la historia a través del estudio arquitectónico de las edificaciones creadas expresamente para una finalidad expositiva y otras más recientes que por su carácter patrimonial han sido adaptadas para cumplir tal objetivo.
Las ‘condiciones de reparos’ de Manuel del Olmo encargadas por la VIII duquesa del Infantado, ¿una anticipación en la tutela de la arquitectura palatina?
Authors: González Duque Carlos
Published: November 2024

Entre 1676 y 1678 la octava duquesa del Infantado, Catalina de Sandoval y Mendoza, encargó al maestro de obras Manuel del Olmo la intervención en varios palacios de su mayorazgo. Se trataba de las dos casas urbanas, la Armería y las principales del Infantado, el palacio del Bosque y Soto de Heras, y las aldeas de Maluque y Fresno. Todas ellas situadas en Guadalajara y su entorno, que fue el enclave neurálgico del ducado antes de su traslado, tres décadas atrás, a Madrid. Estas obras quedan descritas por unas precisas condiciones de reparos, cuyo análisis nos permite comprender la relación de la nobleza con su arquitectura palatina en el contexto del Antiguo Régimen. En ellas se describían interesantes intervenciones, no siempre basadas en la uniformización ni en el empleo del lenguaje barroco, sino con la voluntad de mantener legibles los códigos de representación del pasado más célebre del ducado. Estos documentos inéditos y su contextualización, nos hacen afirmar que, más allá de una simple acción de mantenimiento, hubo un antecedente efectivo y deliberado en la tutela o custodia de estos bienes, debido al papel retórico que desplegaban. Su preservación permitía recordar y reconstruir un relato sobre el linaje y su legitimidad en un marco de declive de la nobleza.
Mapping Lilly Reich
Authors: Lizondo-Sevilla Laura , Domingo-Calabuig Débora
Published: November 2024

El legado arquitectónico de Lilly Reich ha sido reconocido por la crítica de forma discontinua. Elogios, ambigüedades y omisiones han configurado el relato histórico de una de las primeras mujeres que, con formación reglada y en calidad de miembro del Werkbund Alemán, innovó en el diseño de arquitecturas efímeras, interiores y mobiliario. Este artículo, a través de un trabajo fundamentado en archivos históricos, mapea detalladamente su carrera profesional y sus logros –como arquitecta y diseñadora; en solitario y en colaboración con Mies van der Rohe– y compara lo que hizo con lo que de ella se dijo. La investigación demuestra que la línea paralela entre su obra y crítica se esfuma a partir de trabajar asociada a uno de los maestros del Movimiento Moderno. Asimismo, el estudio constata que la historia de la arquitectura posterior tampoco reconoció su labor durante décadas. Conforme Lilly Reich se acercaba a Mies, iba desapareciendo.
L'oggetto mediatore mediato o dimenticato. Discrimine nella letteratura italiana del Novecento per legami fantastici trasformativi o nucleari
Authors: Remorini Paolo
Published: November 2024

L’oggetto mediatore rappresenta uno dei meccanismi narrativi più efficaci per materializzare l’avvenuto passaggio di soglia tra distinti piani diegetici od ontologici nelle narrazioni fantastiche (Lugnani 1983), sia in quelle appartenenti al canone generico del XIX secolo, sia in quelle modali del XX secolo. Prendendo come esempio testi emblematici delle diverse tipologie di costruzione fantastica (Lazzarin 2015), possiamo cogliere all’interno della tradizione letteraria italiana del Novecento uno sviluppo di questa risorsa che perde poco a poco la sua precipua corporeità per far spazio a una presenza indiretta, mediata dall’immaginazione dei personaggi, dai loro sensi vitali, dalle informazioni di cui dispongono durante il trascorso dell’azione, o che addirittura scompare, lasciando senza controprova l’evento extra-ordinario. Lo schema analitico derivante dalla teoria delle appercezioni (Remorini 2023a) evidenzia inoltre come la presenza dell’oggetto mediatore sia indispensabile per un cambio delle connessioni appercettive di letture intorno a nuovi attrattori referenziali.
Neostandard o substandard? Criteri metodologici di orientamento
Authors: Zingaro Anna
Published: November 2024

In questo articolo si propone una riflessione su come determinare i confini della varietà standard della lingua italiana e sulle implicazioni che ciò ha sull’insegnamento della lingua, in particolare come L2/LS. Il divario esistente tra l’italiano codificato nelle grammatiche e l’italiano utilizzato dai parlanti nativi ha fatto sorgere per chi insegna l’italiano da un lato la necessità di fare riferimento ad una norma e, dall’altro, la difficoltà di come stabilirla, date le numerose fasi di cambiamento e di riassestamento della norma linguistica attraverso i secoli e le diverse posizioni adottate dagli studiosi circa i fenomeni linguistici da considerarsi parte del nuovo standard. Questa ricerca si inserisce nell’ambito di questa riflessione. Sulla base dei principali studi condotti sul neostandard e di due precedenti studi dell’autrice del presente contributo, in questo articolo si propone un riesame dei tratti dell’italiano dell’uso medio di Sabatini (1990a) alla luce della loro frequenza (in accordo con Sobrero, 1992) in un corpus di lingua italiana, e di due criteri, ossia, la funzionalità e l’accettabilità sociale. Questi ultimi permettono di distinguere quali tratti dell’italiano dell’uso medio siano parte del neostandard e quali del substandard. Incrociando i tre parametri sopra menzionati, sarà possibile verificare innanzitutto se i tratti linguistici più frequenti ricadano nella categoria dello standard, neostandard o substandard: in secondo luogo, sarà possibile catalogarli dal punto di vista dell’insegnamento in termini di “insegnabile come parte dello standard o neostandard” o “menzionabile come variante substandard”, fornendo così uno strumento di orientamento a chi insegna l’italiano.
Dall’anteposizione spazio-temporale al contrasto: lo sviluppo diacronico dei connettivi avversativi anzi e anziché
Authors: Russo Antonia
Published: November 2024

Lo scopo del presente articolo è quello di proporre un’analisi qualitativa e quantitativa dei connettivi anzi ed anziché sia da una prospettiva sincronica che diacronica. Dal punto di vista sincronico il lavoro si pone l’obiettivo di osservare gli usi dei due connettivi nell’italiano parlato; l’analisi diacronica è volta, invece, ad illustrare i principali fattori in gioco nei processi di mutamento dei connettivi anzi ed anziché da una prospettiva semantico-pragmatica. Tali connettivi si caratterizzano per l’originario valore spaziale (davanti), temporale (prima) e di comparazione (davanti a/in confronto a), a partire dal quale sviluppano rispettivamente valore di contrasto correttivo-sostitutivo e di contrasto oppositivo. Per l’analisi diacronica è stato adottato un modello a stadi multipli che ha messo in luce le principali fasi che hanno caratterizzato il mutamento dei connettivi anzi ed anziché. Per ciascuno stadio individuato sono stati tenuti in considerazione gli aspetti semantici dei due connettivi ((in)compatibilità con il valore originario e/o con il valore nuovo (Giacalone Ramat / Mauri 2012)) e gli aspetti sintattico-distribuzionali che hanno contribuito alla loro rianalisi. I dati analizzati per questo lavoro hanno mostrato come il valore originario dei connettivi in esame, il contesto in cui i connettivi appaiono di volta in volta e la frequenza d’uso con cui i valori innovativi vengono utilizzati in diversi tipi di contesto costituiscano i fattori cruciali per il mutamento semantico.
Effect of moderate-intensity aerobic exercise on bladder TGF-β1 and type I collagen expressions in diabetic rat model
Authors: Fatahajjad Haykal H. , Soebadi Mohammad A. , Putra Rheza M. , Sulastri Nur , Rahaju Anny S.
Published: November 2024

Transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-β1) and type I collagen play crucial roles in the pathogenesis of diabetic bladder disease (DBD). Moderate-intensity aerobic exercise increases antioxidant activity to help manage DBD. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of moderate-intensity aerobic exercise on the expression of TGF-β1 and type I collagen in the detrusor and lamina propria of the bladder in a type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) rat model. A true experimental design with a post-test-only control group design was conducted with white rats (Rattus norvegicus), divided into three groups: a T2DM model group sacrificed after T2DM induction and diagnosed with T2D from a fasting blood glucose (FBC) test (Group C), a T2DM model group that did not receive exercise (Group NE), and a T2DM model group that received moderate-intensity aerobic exercise (Group E). Moderate-intensity aerobic exercise was conducted over six weeks, with a frequency of five days per week for 60 minutes per session. The findings revealed a significant reduction in TGF-β1 expression in the lamina propria in Group E compared to Group C (p=0.004) Additionally, both Group E (p=0.002) and Group NE (p=0.028) showed a significant reduction in type I collagen expression in the lamina propria compared to Group C. These findings provide a basis for further investigation regarding the mechanism of non-pharmacologic DBD management by employing moderate-intensity exercise.
Public Hospital Workers' Views on the Process of Switching from the Hospital Information Management System to the e-Health Information System in a Province
Authors: Nokay İbrahim , Özaydın Ayşe Nilüfer
Published: November 2024

The purpose of this study is to investigate the views, reasons for satisfaction, and difficulties encountered by medical staff members regarding the Hospital Information Management System (HIMS) in state hospitals located in Amasya and its surrounding areas. It also assesses the knowledge and experiences of healthcare professionals with e-Health apps in public hospitals, emphasizing their opinions and recommendations for assistance, training, adaptation, and involvement throughout the integration of these applications into healthcare services. The goal of the study is to better understand how healthcare professionals feel about digital technologies and to provide suggestions for raising the caliber of healthcare services. The Amasya Provincial Health Directorate oversees four facilities where the research was carried out. Following permission by the ethics committee, data gathering was underway on April 22, 2024, with a pilot research carried out in April of the same year. There are 913 healthcare workers in the population, and a minimum sample size of 405 at a 95% confidence interval was found to be appropriate. Using the'stratified, simple random' approach, the sample was selected and split into three strata based on occupational groupings. With a median age of 37, 38.8% of the 405 participants were female. 34.2% of physicians, 33.7% of midwives, nurses, and health officers, and 40.4% of medical secretaries and data entry staff expressed satisfaction when HIMS satisfaction was analyzed. The system's capacity to decrease errors and enhance workflow was one of the primary factors contributing to user satisfaction. Furthermore, 42.7% of individuals worked nights. Compared to other professional groups, physicians utilized e-health applications like e-prescription and e-report more frequently. Physicians were more likely to employ telemedicine than other healthcare professionals, who were less knowledgeable in this field. The study recommends developing training methodologies specific to various professional groups and expanding the use of e-Health applications. The study highlights the need for regular in-service training, a more robust technical infrastructure, and user-friendly interfaces to boost healthcare personnel' satisfaction with e-Health. In summary, this study offers important information for strengthening e-Health and HIMS applications and presents important suggestions for raising the caliber of healthcare services through digital transformation.
Development and Validation of Determinants of Marriage Delay Scale for women
Authors: Abid Shumaila , Bisma Ejaz
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The study was designed to develop and validate the Determinants of Marriage Delay Scale for Women in Pakistan. In light of the Exploratory and Confirmatory Factor Analysis, four determinants identified were Family Responsibilities and Financial Dependency, Socioeconomic and Physical Conditions, Cultural Expectations, and Personal and Psychological Concerns. The instrument revealed a highly reliable and content valid scale with high factor loadings, showing appropriate representation on each component. The scale thus integrates qualitative and quantitative approaches to provide a comprehensive and culturally sensitive tool for understanding complex influences on delays in the timing of marriage among women. This study explored not only how family-related factors, but also economic, cultural, and personal factors interactively shape the timing of marriage and offered a base for further research and policy interventions. The scale addresses such determinants and supports the formulation of specific strategies that can help women make appropriate decisions about marriage, which would meet both self and societal expectations.
Keywords: Determinants, Marriage Delay, Women, Scale Development, EFA, CFA
Durabilidad natural de la madera de renoval de Laurel (Laurelia sempervirens (Ruiz & Pav.) Tuk.)
Authors:   Instituto Forestal (Chile), Elgueta Patricio , Hernández Gonzalo , Campos Raúl , Arriagada Macarena
Published: November 2024

El presente estudio tiene como objetivo general determinar la durabilidad natural de la madera de duramen de renoval de laurel sometida a la acción de dos hongos xilófagos, uno de pudrición café y otro de pudrición blanca.
FORECASTING OF THE MAXIMUM ELECTRICAL LOAD ON THE BАSIS OF RANK АNАLYSIS OF TECHNOCENOSES
Authors:   North Caucasian Institute of Mining and Меtalluгgу, Morgoeva A.D. , Klуuеv R.V. ,   Моsсоw Polytechnic University, Gudiev T.T. ,   North Caucasian Institute of Mining and Меtalluгgу
Published: November 2024

The paper presents the results of research, which consists in the use of the rank analysis apparatus for the problem of predicting the maximum electrical loads in the regional electrical complex. Empirical data for forecasting are data on maximum electrical loads on summer and winter regime days for six years, registered at 39 substations of the voltage level of 110 kV of the branch of РJSС RОSSЕТI North Caucasus - Sevkavkazenergo. The reliability of the forecast for the summer regime day is more than 92%, for the winter regime day the level of the forecast reliability is not sufficient, which determines the promising direction of further research.
DEVELOPMENT AND RЕSЕАRСН OF WАYS ТО INCREASE THE POWER EFFICIENCY OF SOLAR POWER PLANTS UNDER THE CONDITIONS OF THE NORTH
Authors:   North-Eastern Federal University named M.K. Ammosov, Mestnikov N.P.
Published: November 2024

The article is devoted to the issues of development and research results of ways to improve the electric power efficiency of solar power plants in the conditions of the North. Field studies of this work were carried out during 2020-2022 in the central part of Yakutia. In the course of the research, key photoelectric, electrical and technical and economic regularities, statistical methods for processing experimental data, including the method of calculating the student’s t-criterion, were applied. Algorithms have been developed for conducting field studies to idеntify the nature of the influence of climatic factors of the North on the functioning of solar power plants. The indicators of the influence of climatic factors of the North on the operation of solar power plants are obtained. А model for assessing the energy potential of solar power plants has been developed, taking into account the nature of the influence of climatic factors of the North, the reliability of calculations of which increases by 5.61% and approaches the actual indicators of electricity generation from existing solar power plants. As a result of the research, ways have been developed to reduce the negative impact of the climatic factors of the North on the functioning of solar power plants, allowing to increase their production by 15 ... 25%. Positive indicators of the effect of the introduction of the developed methods on the parameters of operational reliability, technical, economic and environmental indicators have been obtained. The results of the research can be applied when updating the guidelines for improving the electric power efficiency of mini- and microgrid facilities operating with the use of solar power plants in the conditions of the North.
Evaluasi Pembelajaran Moderasi Beragama untuk Mengukur Penguatan Toleransi Siswa di MIN 2 Pamekasan
Authors: Aluf Wilda Al , Bukhori Imam , Bashith Abdul
Published: November 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan evaluasi pembelajaran moderasi beragama di Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Negeri 2 Pamekasan, dengan fokus pada penguatan sikap toleransi peserta didik. Moderasi beragama, sebagai pendekatan dalam pendidikan, bertujuan menciptakan keseimbangan dalam memahami dan mengamalkan ajaran agama di tengah keragaman. Penelitian ini mengidentifikasi langkah-langkah strategis dalam perencanaan moderasi, seperti integrasi nilai-nilai moderasi dalam kurikulum, pelatihan guru, kegiatan ekstrakurikuler berbasis toleransi, dan dialog antar siswa. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif studi kasus di MIN 2 Pamekasan, dengan melibatkan guru dan siswa. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa keberhasilan pembelajaran moderasi dipengaruhi oleh pemahaman siswa tentang toleransi, perubahan sikap, serta keterlibatan orang tua dan masyarakat. Evaluasi berkala terhadap program pembelajaran dan pemilihan materi ajar yang mendukung menjadi faktor penting dalam menanamkan nilai-nilai moderasi. Dengan demikian, MIN 2 Pamekasan berperan signifikan dalam membentuk sikap moderat di kalangan peserta didik, mendukung terciptanya masyarakat yang harmonis dan saling menghormati.
APPLICATION OF ELECTROLYTIC PLASMA HARDENING FOR IMPROVING THE PROPERTIES OF MACHINE PARTS MADE OF STEEL 45
Authors: Kussainov R. , Kadyrbolat N. , Kurmangaliev R. , Ormanbekov K. , Shynarbek A.
Published: November 2024

This study examined the effect of electrolytic plasma hardening (EPH) on the properties of 45-grade steel, which can serve as an alternative to traditional heat treatment methods used before the release of finished products. The results of the experiments showed that the mechanical and operational properties of 45-grade steel significantly improved after the application of EPH. Steel 45, widely used in mechanical engineering and agricultural machinery production due to its strength characteristics and durability, demonstrated a significant increase in performance after treatment. It was observed that the properties of 45- grade steel improved considerably after applying electrolytic plasma hardening methods, with the hardness of the samples increasing by 3.1-3.62 times, and wear resistance improving by 7 times. Moreover, the study highlighted the economic efficiency of the proposed treatment method, showing that the introduction of EPH can lead to a significant reduction in material costs, extended product life, and improved environmental performance by reducing energy consumption and emissions. The use of a non-toxic 20% sodium carbonate solution in EPH contributed to the uniform distribution of electric current in the cell and allowed for achieving optimal cooling rates of the sample.
COMPARATIVE CHARACTERISTICS OF FOOD EGGS
Authors: Kamanova S. , Murat L. , Yessenzhan A. , Saduakhasova S. , Ospankulova G.
Published: November 2024

The most commonly consumed poultry eggs in the world are chicken and duck eggs. Eggs contain all the essential amino acids, making them an excellent source of complete protein. Egg whites, both chicken and duck, are similar in composition and have many functional properties.

The purpose of this work is to comparatively characterize the chemical composition and quality characteristics of commercially available eggs of various types produced in Kazakhstan. The work used generally accepted chemical and physical methods of determination, as a result of which it was established that all types of eggs differ in quality characteristics and chemical composition. The experiments carried out established that duck eggs have the largest mass (79.49 g). Egg white has an alkaline pH, while the yolk has a neutral pH. The highest water content is found in chicken protein (87.7%), duck eggs have a high lipid content - 36.79%, and the highest ash content in quail eggs – 1.8 g.

The results of the research will be used in the development of egg products from raw materials that must meet the requirements of the standard.
THE QUALITY AND SAFETY OF GOAT MILK SOUR-MILK PRODUCT
Authors: Nyzamatdin A. D. , Assembayeva E. K. , Nabiyeva Zh. S. , Bozhbanov A. , Kozhakhiyeva M.
Published: November 2024

To improve the quality of life of the population, currently a promising direction is the use of functional foods. The article presents the results of the conducted analysis of the quality and safety of symbiotic yogurt from goat milk enriched with a mixture of vegetable raw materials.

Purpose of the study: to study the effect of quince syrup on the quality and safety of fermented milk products.This paper presents the results of the study of the developed fermented milk product (yogurt) for functional purposes. The composition of the added ready-made starter includes the cultures Str.thermophiIlus, Lb.bulgaricus, Lb. acidophilus. Quince fruit syrup was used as a natural ingredient of plant origin.

Addition of quince syrup in the production of yogurt from goat's milk contributes to obtaining a product enriched with dietary fiber, vitamins, macro-microelements, as well as increasing the range and improving the organoleptic properties of dairy products, including pectin-containing.

The presented article provides comprehensive microbiological indicators of the studied yogurt samples and the dynamics of changes in lactic acid microflora during storage.

The results showed that according to microbiological indicators, the yoghurts met the requirements of TR CU 033/2013, QMAFAnM did not exceed the specified standards, and coliform bacteria were absent. The growth of lactic acid bacteria in the studied samples was intense on the fifth day – 6.4×109 CFU, then the number of microorganisms decreased. On the seventh day, the number of lactic acid bacteria in the studied sample was – 4.5×108 CFU, the indicator of the control sample for this period was – 2.4×107 CFU.
INFLUENCE OF DISINFECTANTS ON THE TOTAL BACTERIAL CONTAMINATION OF DUCK EGGSHELLS
Authors: Saduakhasova S. , Shaimenova B. , Murat L. , Kamanova S. , Ospankulova G.
Published: November 2024

The role of the total viable microbial count on eggshells is of significant interest, as it relates to egg safety and product shelf life.

The aim of this study was to assess the influence of various disinfectants on the overall bacterial contamination of duck eggshells. For this purpose, fresh high-quality duck eggs were obtained from a farm, and solutions of disinfectants were prepared: 6% hydrogen peroxide, 4% calcium hydroxide, 4% sodium carbonate, and 3% acetic acid. When disinfecting duck or goose eggs, the dosage of substances is doubled compared to chicken eggs. The eggs were treated with prepared disinfectant solutions, with varying exposure times. The exposure times for hydrogen peroxide were 4 and 8 minutes, for calcium hypochlorite – 2 and 5 minutes, for sodium carbonate – 10 and 30 minutes, and for acetic acid – 5 and 15 minutes. Samples of washings from the eggshells were collected both before and after disinfection. Dilutions were prepared and subsequently plated on Petri dishes with non-selective media, followed by incubation at 30°C for 72 hours. As a result of colony counting, the number of mesophilic aerobic and facultatively anaerobic microorganisms (CFU/egg) was determined.

The results of the study showed a direct correlation between the inactivation of microorganisms and exposure time when using acetic acid, hydrogen peroxide, and calcium hypochlorite. A longer contact period of the eggs with sodium carbonate did not result in a measurable reduction in the number of viable microorganisms. It was also found that 4% calcium hypochlorite could completely inactivate microbes on the eggshell within 5 minutes. With a 2-minute exposure, the total microbial contamination was 9.2*10¹±0.7 CFU/egg.

Thus, in this study, solutions of calcium hypochlorite, hydrogen peroxide, and acetic acid demonstrated high bactericidal properties and can be considered effective agents for disinfecting duck eggshells.

Most scientific articles are devoted to the study of chicken eggs. In this work, the object of research is duck eggs, the best disinfectants for processing eggshells have been identified, which is an urgent task in poultry farming.

The obtained results can help farmers implement more effective strategies for combating foodborne infections.
VALORIZATION OF LIGNOCELLULOSIC BIOMASS BY DARK FERMENTATION: DEVELOPMENT OF EFFECTIVE CONDITIONS FOR MOLECULAR HYDROGEN BIOSYNTHESIS
Authors: Bekbayev K. , Toleugazykyzy A. , Bolkenov B. , Iskakov R. , Kazangapova N.
Published: November 2024

Valorization of lignocellulosic biomass (LB) is important to reduce their environmental impact and reduce the risk to human health. Conventional methods for handling secondary raw materials primarily focus on waste disposal, treating lignocellulosic biomass as waste rather than as a source of organic substances for producing value-added products. As an alternative, processes should be developed to add value to waste, producing value-added products with economic and environmental benefits. In this regard, studies have focused on operating parameters, pretreatment, and microbial fermentation to enhance hydrogen yield during dark fermentation. Upper (4%) and lower (20%) concentrations of distillery grain based substrates for biohydrogen synthesis using wild-type E. coli have been established. Conditions for rational formation of reducing sugars by varying feedstock and acid concentrations in distillery grain based substrates have been established. During the study of the effect of acid-hydrothermal treatment of stillage on the total yield of biohydrogen, it was found that the optimal concentration of sulfuric acid is 1,5%, while 10% of the raw material is used. Under these conditions, the maximum yield of molecular hydrogen was achieved, equal to 116 ±1,0 ml/l using wild-type E. coli.
PROSPECTS FOR THE APPLICATION OF MILLET (TALKAN) IN THE FOOD INDUSTRY
Authors: Asenova B. K. , Tursungaliyeva L. M. , Tumenova G. T.
Published: November 2024

One of the main directions of solving the problem of rational nutrition of our nation is to expand the range of basic food products, including national ones, and increase their biological viability. An analysis of literary sources shows that there are still many methods to improve the consumer properties of talkan. The selected crops occupy a leading position in this list and are important factors in improving the consumer quality and value of talkan. Properly selected products affect the increase in the nutritional value of talkan and the increase in consumer quality. Therefore, this article presдents the formulation of talkan enriched with cultures, data from the study of chemical values of physics.

Grain concentrates (millet, talcum powder, zhent), which have long been known to our country and have extensive experience in their preparation, are the preferred form of fortification with vitamins and minerals, as they are one of the main food products. The products of the Kazakh tablecloth are in daily consumption. The addition of useful additives to these products makes it possible to effectively regulate the biological and nutritional value of human food. In this regard, a promising direction is the development of special food technologies with therapeutic and preventive properties with the addition of functional enriching additives to the Formula.
SYNTHESIS AND APPLICATION OF PHOSPHINITE LIGAND-CONTAINING RUTHENIUM CATALYSTS IN TRANSFER HYDROGENATION
Authors: Tursynbek S. Ye. , Rafikova Kh. S. , Dembitsky V. M. , Zolotareva D. S. , Belyankova Ye. O.
Published: November 2024

Transfer hydrogenation (TH) is a highly significant reaction in organic chemistry, especially in the synthesis of pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, and fine chemicals. This method involves the transfer of hydrogen from a donor molecule to an unsaturated substrate, offering a safer and more convenient alternative to direct hydrogenation, which typically requires high-pressure hydrogen gas. TH stands out for its ability to selectively reduce multiple functional groups under milder conditions, thereby reducing the risk of overreduction or damage to sensitive functional groups. This technique is particularly valuable in asymmetric synthesis (AS), where chiral catalysts enable the production of enantiomerically pure compounds, crucial for drug development.

Ruthenium complexes are particularly noteworthy for their effectiveness in asymmetric TH. Their stability and adaptability to different reaction environments make them ideal for both laboratory-scale and industrial applications. Phosphinite ligands (P(OR)R'2) are used in synthesis of complexes to improve their properties. These ligands are known for their ability to finely tune the electronic and steric properties of metal centers. The electron-donating nature of the phosphorus atom, combined with the variability in the R and R' groups, allows for significant customization of the catalyst's properties.

The purpose of the work is to review up-to-date discoveries in the field of TH.

The integration of phosphinite ligands into ruthenium catalysts marks a significant advancement in the field of TH. These catalysts exhibit enhanced efficiency, selectivity, and stability, proving crucial in AS. The study's exploration of various hydrogen sources, bases, and mechanisms has provided deeper insight into the process of TH.
INFLUENCE OF STRUCTURAL FEATURES OF CHRYSOTYLE CRYSTALS ON THE ACTION OF THE SYSTEM OF CHRYSOTYLE AND SULFURIC ACID
Authors: Auyeshov A. P. , Eskibayeva Ch. Z. , Dikanbayeva A. K. , Arynov K. T. , Tasboltayeva A. M.
Published: November 2024

The nature of the interactions between chrysotile and stoichiometrically necessary amounts (SNA) of sulfuric acid calculated in relation to the amount (molar) of magnesium contained in chrysotile – Mg6[Si4O10](OH) has been studied. It has been shown that when using solutions containing sulfuric acid HCl (0-0.3), the amount of magnesium found in the solution corresponds to a proportional amount of the acid used. It was found that the output of magnesium into the solution slows down in the range of SNA (0.3-0.5). Proportionally, the dissolution of magnesium is restored in the range of SNA (0.5-0.7). However, the yield of magnesium in solution does not exceed 76% of its content in chrysotile due to the formation of polysilicon acid (SiO2·nN2O) in an acidic medium. The layer formed on the surface consisting of polysilicon acids is the main factor inhibiting the transition of magnesium into solution.

It was revealed that the amount of magnesium passing into solution depends not only on the concentration of acid, but also on the density of the layered structure of chrysotile. The conclusions are based on the results of chemical and X-ray phase studies of reaction products occurring during the dissolution of chrysotile asbestos in solutions of sulfuric acid H2SO4.

Based on results of the study, it was shown that the dissolution of magnesium silicates, the composition of which of minerals (chrysotile, lizardite, antigorite) of the serpentinite group with the general formula Mg6[Si4O10](OH)8 in acids depends not only on the patterns of acid-base interactions occurring under these conditions, but also on the structural features of the serpentinite crystal lattice.
WAYS TO IMPROVE THE EFFICIENCY OF TECHNOLOGICAL EQUIPMENT
Authors: Abdilova G. , Sergibaeva Zh. , Kabulov B. , Bayadilova A. , Lobasenko B.
Published: November 2024

Increasing the productivity of production systems and equipment in the meat industry is inextricably linked with maintenance activities. The article analyzes the influence of manufacturability, hygiene, reliability, simplicity of equipment design on the main indicators of the quality of meat products. It is shown that the Total Productive Maintenance (TRM) and Lean production strategy is an important tool for evaluating the Overall Equipment Effectiveness (OEE) indicator, which is used to evaluate the main types of losses that reduce the efficiency of equipment. The relationship of structural and mechanical characteristics of food masses, humidity of raw materials, temperature and viscosity, processing pressure, density on the optimal operating modes of the equipment is analyzed. Using the OEE concept, the time losses associated with the functioning of the equipment are determined. The types of losses are classified: downtime and changeover (availability or readiness) of equipment, short-term shutdown of equipment and reduction of processing speed (equipment performance), defective products and product losses at startup (quality) of equipment. The application of this method of studying the overall efficiency of the equipment can be applied to any technological equipment used in the meat industry and will eliminate many problems that arise during the operation of technological equipment, improve its technical and economic indicators, develop a system of measures to improve its maintenance and repair. Using this concept, it is possible to systematize the factors that reduce the efficiency of the equipment. At the same time, it is proved that information about the factors affecting the loss of equipment operation time allows you to create a system for maintenance and repair of equipment.
EUROPEAN SECURITY AND DEFENCE – KEY ELEMENTS OF DEEP INTEGRATION AT THE LEVEL OF THE EUROPEAN UNION
Authors: BANGALĂ Mădălin Adrian
Published: November 2024

The purpose of this article is to highlight the key elements in European security and defence that enables a deeper integration within the European Union. The security and defence represent a fundamental domain in the European architecture, a benchmark, and a challenge regarding the loyal cooperation between Member States.The methodology used is represented by a synthetic qualitative documentary analysis with an additional quantitative support.The research hypothesis is related to the correlation of key elements in the field of security and defence with the development of a deeper integration of Member States into the European project. As their own defence and security policies belong to the Member States, the research question will provide the answer to whether key elements in European security and defence generate better cooperation between Member States and deeper integration.This article aims to provide a profound understanding of the obligations, challenges, and the impact on the Member States policy on common defence. Following the latest developments in implementing the Strategic Compass for Security and Defence, new steps should be taken to achieve the common defence goal.The presentation will also seek to highlight whether the coherence of Member States policies on achieving the common goal is linked to their deeper integration into the European project.
MANIPULATING PERCEPTIONS AND BEHAVIOR THROUGH COGNITIVE WARFARE TECHNIQUES IN THE DIGITAL AGE
Authors: GÎNDILĂ Florin-Marius
Published: November 2024

Dominated by technology and information in our digital era, cognitive warfare has become a ubiquitous occurrence impacting views and human behavior by leveraging cognitive weaknesses. Rapid spread of propaganda and false information made possible by the Internet and social media seriously influences democracies, economics, and social stability by means of their effects on Emphasizing the need of preserving cognitive integrity, this book investigates how psychology and technology interact to control minds and behaviors. Propaganda, contrived stories, behavioral psychology, and the application of personal data for tailored influence efforts are among the strategies applied. Media education, digital literacy, and the development of psychological resilience are therefore absolutely crucial in order to offset these consequences.
TAIWAN (ROC) MUST ROCK! WHY TAIWAN'S CASE MATTERS?
Authors: KOŁODZIEJCZAK Malwina Ewa
Published: November 2024

The author discusses the subjectivity of Taiwan in the article. It must be remember that Taiwan is unrecognized as a state according to international public law. First then, author describes the theories of state elements. She also briefly characterizes the division of power in Taiwan. Then, she points to the organization of the cybersecurity system and methods of combating disinformation as an example of the efficient functioning of Taiwan as a state.
UNRECOGNIZED STATES AS A CHALLENGE TO INTERNATIONAL SECURITY
Authors: PALCZEWSKA Milena
Published: November 2024

Abstract: The article deals with the issues of unrecognized states that function in the international environment. These are states that have declared independence but have not been recognized by other states. The article refers to terminological issues related to unrecognized states and the features that characterize them. The main aim of the article is to present states that are not recognized as a challenge to international security. This has been done on several examples. Moreover, scenarios for the development of the future of unrecognized states are analyzed.
THREE GEOPOLITICAL SCENARIOS WITH GLOBAL IMPACT
Authors: POPESCU Alba Iulia Catrinel
Published: November 2024

Although it seems chaotic, the international environment is shaped by predictable forces, nurtured by interest and lust for power and domination. However, sometimes, as Nassim Nicholas Taleb pointed out, "black swans" can happen, meaning events that come as a total surprise and have a major effect. This article refers to three predictable geopolitical developments with significant impact on the global power competition, namely: the re-election of Donald J. Trump as US President; Chinese global financial initiative, including a new Asian bloc currency and a new gold/currency benchmark; and the extension of the asymmetric war between Israel and HAMAS. Three foreseeable geopolitical dynamics, which can however be influenced by chance (“black swans”). The study is linear, starting with the hypotheses, continuing with data collection, data analysis and synthesis and ending with conclusions. The research methods belong to geopolitics and combine data analysis and synthesis with inductive-deductive and ambispective methods. The data used are exclusively from open sources and include official documents, literature and journalistic sources.
Effect of Properly Describing the Borg Rating of Perceived Exertion (RPE) Scale on Heart Rate Response
Authors: Dickey Khari , Hanson Nicholas , Maceri Rachel
Published: November 2024

Introduction: The Rating of Perceived Exertion (RPE) scale is often used to guide intensity during exercise. The purpose of this study was to determine if a thorough explanation of the scale is necessary to achieve optimal heart rate during indoor group cycling.
Methods: The study consisted of a familiarization visit and two 60-minute instructor-led group cycling classes. The cycling sessions were identical in procedure; the only difference was that during one session, there was no explanation of the RPE scale (RPE-NE), and in the other, it was fully described in detail (RPE-E). Heart rate (HR) was continuously monitored. Maximal and average HR were calculated for each stage of the class. Repeated measures ANOVAs (condition x stage) were used to compare the mean HR, HRmax and %HRmax between conditions. Paired-samples t-tests were used to compare session RPE between conditions.
Results: There were no differences between conditions for average HR (p=.436), HRmax (p=.086), or %HRmax (p=.084). There was also no difference between conditions in session RPE (RPE-NE: 15.7±1.4; RPE-E: 16.0±1.3; p=.432)
Conclusions: A detailed explanation of the RPE scale before a group cycling class elicits a HR response similar to simply having a poster of the RPE scale posted and referenced.
The changing nature of India-Canada relations: with special reference to the Khalistan dispute
Authors: Jajoriya Avdhesh Kumar
Published: November 2024

India's stand so far in the Khalistani leader Hardeep Singh Nijjar case has also drawn attention to whether India is trying to change its soft-state image? A few days ago, when Canadian Prime Minister Justin Trudeau in his Parliament had accused India of being behind the murder of Khalistani separatist leader Hardeep Singh Nijjar, India had rejected it as absurd and motivated. When Indian Foreign Minister Dr. S. When Jaishankar was asked, he said that this (such killings) is not the policy of the Government of India. Also, India has asked Canada that if they have any specific and relevant information then they should tell India and India is ready to consider it. Jaishankar also said that India has given Canada a lot of information about organized crime and their leadership related to active separatist forces. Over the past few years, Canada has seen a lot of organized crime related to separatist forces, violence and extremism, all of which are deeply interconnected.
Abstract in Hindi Language:
खालिस्तानी नेता हरदीप सिंह निज्जर मामले में भारत के अब तक के रुख ने इस तरफ भी ध्यान खींचा है कि क्या भारत अपनी सॉफ्ट-स्टेट (नरम देश) की छवि को बदलने की कोशिश कर रहा है? कुछ दिन पहले जब कनाडा के प्रधानमंत्री जस्टिन ट्रूडो ने अपनी संसद में खालिस्तानी अलगाववादी नेता हरदीप सिंह निज्जर की हत्या के पीछे भारत का हाथ होने का इल्जाम लगाया था तो भारत ने उसे बेतुका और प्रेरित बता कर खारिज कर दिया था। निज्जर की हत्या के बारे में कनाडा के प्रधानमंत्री जस्टिन ट्रूडो के आरोपों के बारे में जब भारतीय विदेश मंत्री डॉ. एस. जयशंकर से पूछा गया तो उन्होंने कहा कि ये (इस तरह की हत्याएं) भारत सरकार की नीति नहीं है। साथ ही भारत ने कनाडा से कहा है कि अगर उनके पास कोई विशिष्ट और प्रासंगिक जानकारी है तो वो भारत को बताएं और भारत उस पर विचार करने के लिए तैयार है। जयशंकर ने ये भी कहा कि भारत ने कनाडा को सक्रिय अलगाववादी ताकतों से संबंधित संगठित अपराध और उनके नेतृत्व के बारे में बहुत सारी जानकारी दी है। पिछले कुछ सालों में कनाडा ने अलगाववादी ताकतों, हिंसा और उग्रवाद से संबंधित बहुत सारे संगठित अपराध देखे हैं और ये सब बहुत गहराई से आपस में एक-दूसरे से जुड़े हुए है।
Keywords: भारत, कनाडा, खालिस्तान, अलगाववाद, हरदीप सिंह निज्जर, जस्टिन ट्रूडो।
Religion and its usefulness in Jainendra's literature
Authors: Bala Renu
Published: November 2024

There is no description of the grossness of religion in Jainendraji's literature. There is no specific global depiction of any religion in the form of temporality or limitedness, but the basic form and supreme essence of religion which has been indicated is eternal and the society can get inspiration from it along the right path. His idea is that a person should become religious and meet the universe and on this basis responsibilities and duties should be fulfilled. In this regard, in the words of Anam Swami, he says, “The supreme religion is the total immersion of the individual in the universe. Considering it as the pole, the questions of other worldly responsibilities and duties can be understood and opened only by expecting it.
Abstract in Hindi Language: 
जैनेन्द्रजी के साहित्य में धर्म की स्थूलता का वर्णन नहीं है। लौकिकता या सीमाबद्धता के रूप में किसी धर्म विशेष जागतिक चित्रण नहीं हैं, परन्तु धर्म के जिस मूलरूप एवं परमतत्त्व का संकेत किया गया है, वह चिरन्तन है और उससे समाज को सद्मार्ग के साथ प्रेरणा प्राप्त हो सकती है। उनका विचार है कि व्यक्ति धार्मिक बनकर सृष्टि से मिले और इसी आधार पर दायित्व और कत्र्तव्य का निर्वाह हो। इसी सम्बन्ध में अनाम स्वामी के शब्दों में वे कहते हैं, “परमधर्म व्यष्टि का समष्टि ़मेें सर्वांग विसर्जन है। इसको धु्रव मानकर इसकी अपेक्षा से ही दूसरे ऐहिक दायित्व और कर्तव्य के प्रश्नों को समझा और खोला जा सकता है।
Keywords: जैनेन्द्र जी, साहित्य, धर्म, सम्प्रदायवाद