bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Role of Biofuels in Energy Transition, Green Economy and Carbon Neutrality
Authors: Khan Nida , Sudhakar Kumarasamy , Mamat Rizalman
Published: November 2021

Modern civilization is heavily reliant on petroleum-based fuels to meet the energy demand of the transportation sector. However, burning fossil fuels in engines emits greenhouse gas emissions that harm the environment. Biofuels are commonly regarded as an alternative for sustainable transportation and economic development. Algal-based fuels, solar fuels, e-fuels, and CO2-to-fuels are marketed as next-generation sources that address the shortcomings of first-generation and second-generation biofuels. This article investigates the benefits, limitations, and trends in different generations of biofuels through a review of the literature. The study also addresses the newer generation of biofuels highlighting the social, economic, and environmental aspects, providing the reader with information on long-term sustainability. The use of nanoparticles in the commercialization of biofuel is also highlighted. Finally, the paper discusses the recent advancements that potentially enable a sustainable energy transition, green economy, and carbon neutrality in the biofuel sector.
A Three-Dimensional Coupled Hydrodynamic-Ecological Modeling to Assess the Planktonic Biomass in a Subalpine Lake
Authors: Liu Wen-Cheng , Liu Hong-Ming , Yam Rita Sau-Wai
Published: November 2021

In this study, a coupled three-dimensional hydrodynamic-ecological model was developed to comprehensively understand the interaction between the hydrodynamics and ecological status of a lake. The coupled model was utilized to explore the hydrodynamics, water quality, and ecological status in an ecologically rich subalpine lake (i.e., Tsuei-Feng Lake (TFL), located in north-central Taiwan). The measured data of water depth, water temperature, water quality, and planktonic biomass were gathered to validate the coupled model. The simulated results with a three-dimensional hydrodynamic and water quality-ecological model reasonably reproduced the variations in observed water depth, water temperature, water quality, and phytoplankton and zooplankton biomass. Sensitivity analysis was implemented to determine the most influential parameter affecting the planktonic biomass. The results of sensitivity analysis indicated that the predation rate on phytoplankton (PRP) significantly affects the phytoplankton biomass, while the basal metabolism rate of zooplankton (BMZ) importantly affects the zooplankton biomass. Furthermore, inflow discharge was the most important environmental factor dominating the phytoplankton and zooplankton biomass of TFL. This implies that the runoff in the catchment area caused by rainfall and the heavy rainfall induced by climate change may affect the planktonic biomass of the lake.
Sterile Neutrinos with Neutrino Telescopes
Authors: Argüelles Carlos A. , Salvado Jordi
Published: November 2021

Searches for light sterile neutrinos are motivated by the unexpected observation of an electron neutrino appearance in short-baseline experiments, such as the Liquid Scintillator Neutrino Detector (LSND) and the Mini Booster Neutrino Experiment (MiniBooNE). In light of these unexpected results, a campaign using natural and anthropogenic sources to find the light (mass-squared-difference around 1 eV2) sterile neutrinos is underway. Among the natural sources, atmospheric neutrinos provide a unique gateway to search for sterile neutrinos due to the broad range of baseline-to-energy ratios, L/E, and the presence of significant matter effects. Since the atmospheric neutrino flux rapidly falls with energy, studying its highest energy component requires gigaton-scale neutrino detectors. These detectors—often known as neutrino telescopes since they are designed to observe tiny astrophysical neutrino fluxes—have been used to perform searches for light sterile neutrinos, and researchers have found no significant signal to date. This brief review summarizes the current status of searches for light sterile neutrinos with neutrino telescopes deployed in solid and liquid water.
COVID-19 Vaccine Boosters: The Good, the Bad, and the Ugly
Authors: Rzymski Piotr , Camargo Carlos A. , Fal Andrzej , Flisiak Robert , Gwenzi Willis , Kelishadi Roya , Leemans Alexander , Nieto Juan J. , Ozen Ahmet , Perc Matjaž , Poniedziałek Barbara , Sedikides Constantine , Sellke Frank , Skirmuntt Emilia C. , Stashchak Anzhela , Rezaei Nima
Published: November 2021

Pursuing vaccinations against COVID-19 brings hope to limit the spread of SARS-CoV-2 and remains the most rational decision under pandemic conditions. However, it does not come without challenges, including temporary shortages in vaccine doses, significant vaccine inequity, and questions regarding the durability of vaccine-induced immunity that remain unanswered. Moreover, SARS-CoV-2 has undergone evolution with the emergence of its novel variants, characterized by enhanced transmissibility and ability to at least partially evade neutralizing antibodies. At the same time, serum antibody levels start to wane within a few months after vaccination, ultimately increasing the risk of breakthrough infections. This article discusses whether the administration of booster doses of COVID-19 vaccines is urgently needed to control the pandemic. We conclude that, at present, optimizing the immunity level of wealthy populations cannot come at the expense of low-income regions that suffer from vaccine unavailability. Although the efficiency of vaccination in protecting from infection may decrease over time, current data show that efficacy against severe disease, hospitalization, and death remains at a high level. If vaccine coverage continues at extremely low levels in various regions, including African countries, SARS-CoV-2 may sooner or later evolve into variants better adapted to evade natural and vaccine-induced immunity, ultimately bringing a global threat that, of course, includes wealthy populations. We offer key recommendations to increase vaccination rates in low-income countries. The pandemic is, by definition, a major epidemiological event and requires looking beyond one’s immediate self-interest; otherwise, efforts to contain it will be futile.
Predictive Model of Adaptive Cruise Control Speed to Enhance Engine Operating Conditions
Authors: Kolachalama Srikanth , Malik Hafiz
Published: November 2021

This article presents a novel methodology to predict the optimal adaptive cruise control set speed profile (ACCSSP) by optimizing the engine operating conditions (EOC) considering vehicle level vectors (VLV) (body parameter, environment, driver behaviour) as the affecting parameters. This paper investigates engine operating conditions (EOC) criteria to develop a predictive model of ACCSSP in real-time. We developed a deep learning (DL) model using the NARX method to predict engine operating point (EOP) mapping the VLV. We used real-world field data obtained from Cadillac test vehicles driven by activating the ACC feature for developing the DL model. We used a realistic set of assumptions to estimate the VLV for the future time steps for the range of allowable speed values and applied them at the input of the developed DL model to generate multiple sets of EOP’s. We imposed the defined EOC criteria on these EOPs, and the top three modes of speeds satisfying all the requirements are derived at each second. Thus, three eligible speed values are estimated for each second, and an additional criterion is defined to generate a unique ACCSSP for future time steps. A performance comparison between predicted and constant ACCSSP’s indicates that the predictive model outperforms constant ACCSSP.
The Influence of Fracture on the Permeability of Carbonate Reservoir Formation Using Lattice Boltzmann Method
Authors: Zhang Lei , Ping Jingjing , Shu Pinghua , Xu Chao , Li Aoyang , Zeng Qingdong , Liu Pengfei , Sun Hai , Yang Yongfei , Yao Jun
Published: November 2021

Due to the complex conditions of carbonate reservoir, in this paper, a unified lattice Boltzmann method was used to study the rule of the flow in carbonate reservoir as the foundation. Two group models were designed to simulate the influences of fractures and vugs. In experiments, at first, the model for carbonate reservoir considering different amounts and lengths of fractures was considered. Then, the model was improved by taking the influences of fractures and vugs into consideration. The result from the first group shows that the whole permeability enhanced a lot when multiple fractures form a big one which connects to two boundaries. At the same time, the main result of the other group shows that the main capability of vugs is flow accumulation. Through a series of experiments, the flow rule in carbonate reservoir with vugs and fractures is proved based on LBM theory, which has a huge impact on the study in LBM and researches on carbonate reservoir.
Hydrological Response of the Kunhar River Basin in Pakistan to Climate Change and Anthropogenic Impacts on Runoff Characteristics
Authors: Saifullah Muhammad , Adnan Muhammad , Zaman Muhammad , Wałęga Andrzej , Liu Shiyin , Khan Muhammad Imran , Gagnon Alexandre S. , Muhammad Sher
Published: November 2021

Pakistan is amongst the most water-stressed countries in the world, with changes in the frequency of extreme events, notably droughts, under climate change expected to further increase water scarcity. This study examines the impacts of climate change and anthropogenic activities on the runoff of the Kunhar River Basin (KRB) in Pakistan. The Mann Kendall (MK) test detected statistically significant increasing trends in both precipitation and evapotranspiration during the period 1971–2010 over the basin, but with the lack of a statistically significant trend in runoff over the same time-period. Then, a change-point analysis identified changes in the temporal behavior of the annual runoff time series in 1996. Hence, the time series was divided into two time periods, i.e., prior to and after that change: 1971–1996 and 1997–2010, respectively. For the time-period prior to the change point, the analysis revealed a statistically significant increasing trend in precipitation, which is also reflected in the runoff time series, and a decreasing trend in evapotranspiration, albeit lacking statistical significance, was observed. After 1996, however, increasing trends in precipitation and runoff were detected, but the former lacked statistical significance, while no trend in evapotranspiration was noted. Through a hydrological modelling approach reconstructing the natural runoff of the KRB, a 16.1 m3/s (or 15.3%) reduction in the mean flow in the KRB was simulated for the period 1997–2010 in comparison to the period 1971–1996. The trend analyses and modeling study suggest the importance of anthropogenic activities on the variability of runoff over KRB since 1996. The changes in streamflow caused by irrigation, urbanization, and recreational activities, in addition to climate change, have influenced the regional water resources, and there is consequently an urgent need to adapt existing practices for the water requirements of the domestic, agricultural and energy sector to continue being met in the future.
The Benefit of Horizontal Photovoltaic Panels in Reducing Wind Loads on a Membrane Roofing System on a Flat Roof
Authors: Uematsu Yasushi , Yambe Tetsuo , Watanabe Tomoyuki , Ikeda Hirokazu
Published: November 2021

The present paper proposes a measure for improving the wind-resistant performance of photovoltaic systems and mechanically attached single-ply membrane roofing systems installed on flat roofs by combining them together. Mechanically attached single-ply membrane roofing systems are often used in Japan. These roofing systems are often damaged by strong winds, because they are very sensitive to wind action. Recently, photovoltaic (PV) systems placed on flat roofs have become popular. They are also often damaged by strong winds directed onto the underside, which cause large wind forces onto the PV panels. For improving the wind resistance of these systems, we proposed to install PV panels horizontally with gaps between them. Such an installation may decrease the wind forces on the PV panels due to the pressure equalization effect as well as on the waterproofing membrane due to the shielding effect of the PV panels. This paper discusses the validity of such an idea. The pressure on the bottom surface of a PV panel, called the “layer pressure” here, was evaluated by a numerical simulation based on the unsteady Bernoulli equation. In the simulation, the time history of the external pressure coefficients, measured at many points on the roof in a wind tunnel, was employed. It was found that the wind forces, both on the PV panels and on the roofing system, were significantly reduced. The reduction was large near the roof’s corner, where large suction pressures were induced in oblique winds. Thus, the proposed method improved the wind resistance of both systems significantly.
Contexto moral cultural y biológico en las familias e instituciones educativas de los superdotados
Authors: Esteves Fajardo Zila Isabel , Paredes Menéndez Guadalupe Elizabeth , Arcos Cárdenas Karina Cecibel , Eguez Cevallos Rita Carolina
Published: November 2021

La presente investigación tuvo como objetivo diagnosticar aspectos del contexto moral, cultural y biológico que inciden en la superdotación de niños mediante un estudio de campo para recomendar el respeto a las necesidades educativas especiales de  quienes poseen   ese   parámetro   intelectual.  Es     una     investigación     descriptiva y exploratoria Se realiza para una población de 20 docentes, 5 padres que narran la convivencia con sus hijos con superdotación y 4 niños de escuelas de la ciudad de Guayaquil. La población  de estudiantes estuvo entre los 8 a 12 años de la EGB y con resultados como son que la vida familiar de madres entre los 30 a 40 años influye en el desarrollo del potencial superdotado. Como conclusiones se encuentran indicadores en que la genética biológica y cultural, inciden en la calidad  de  las  familias  en que los niños superdotados tienen durante su infancia, y los años de estudio de la Educación Básica.
HUBUNGAN PENGETAHUAN DENGAN PERILAKU SADARI (PERIKSA PAYUDARA SENDIRI ) SEBAGAI TINDAKAN DETEKSI DINI KANKER PAYUDARA PADA SISWI KELAS X DI SMA NEGERI 3 KOTA PADANGSIDIMPUAN
Authors: Siregar Nurhanifah
Published: November 2021

ABSTRACT

 

    Breast cancer is a type of malignant tumor that is still the number one killer. Indonesia at first breast cancer attacks women aged over 30 years, but now the age of breast cancer patients becomes young or teenagers. Breast cancer can be found as early as BSE. If you don't do BSE breast cancer will be detected at an advanced stage and ultimately cause death. Early detection can reduce mortality by 25-30%. Breast self-examination is very important to be recommended for the community or adolescents because almost 86% of lumps in the breast are found by patients themselves.This type of research is an analytical survey with cross sectional design, a sample of 45 people. The measuring instrument is a questionnaire with 22 questions developed by researchers. This study aims to determine

the relationship between independent and dependent variables. The analysis used is univariate analysis to see the description of the characteristics of respondents and bivariate tests using Chisquare.The results showed that there was no relationship between knowledge and conscious behavior (P-value = 0.487, where P-value was 5 0.05). It was emphasized with the results of the study, there were 34 students with only 1 knowledgeable behavior. With that, good student knowledge will not necessarily understand good BSE behavior. It could be less knowledgeable but understand good BSE behavior.Based on the results of this study, suggestions for students to care more about their health, more often to check their own breasts after each menstrual period - 7 to 10 days from the first day of menstruation, reduce the habits of fast food patterns because it will accelerate the trigger of breast cancer.  Keywords: BSE Behavior, Early Detection of Breast Cancer
TERAPI BIRTH BALL UNTUK MENURUNKAN INTENSITAS NYERI PERSALINAN
Authors: Paninsari Debora
Published: November 2021

Pain in childbirth has the highest degree of pain among other pain, so that many women are not ready to have children because they imagine the pain that will be presented at the time of labor later. The general objective of this study was to determine whether there was an effect of birth ball therapy on pain intensity in labor. Univariate and bivariate analysis using Wilcoxon test analysis. Bivariate analysis is used to see the effect of the independent variable (independent) on the dependent variable using the Wilxocon test analysis. Of the 50 respondent mothers who carried out the variable therapy pre-test birth ball who were very painful and 29 respondents had pain (58%), and a minority of respondents had little pain, 21 people (42%). And on the post-test respondents the least pain was increased by 32 respondents (64%), while the minority of pain was quite severe as many as 18 respondents (36%). A significant effect on the effect of birth ball therapy on labor pain where the p value is 0.00 <0.05. The results are expected to have an effect on birth therapy on labor pain. The results of the Wilcoxon test analysis with a degree of significance (α) = 0.05 and a P value of 0.00 were obtained (α<0.05) which can be seen from the value which means that Ho is rejected and Ha is accepted. The conclusion is that there is an effect of birth ball therapy on labor pain.
CyberNotary Dalam Penyelenggaraan Sertifikasi Elektronik
Authors: Riswandi Budi Agus
Published: November 2021

Abstract Technically there are five principles of an electronic transaction is declared safe, which contains the principle of authenticity, integrity, non repudation, writing and signature and confidenciality. In order to realize these five principles is legally set forth in the form of electronic certification. Electronic certifications are electronic certificates containing Electronic Signatures and identities that indicate the legal status of the parties in the Electronic Transactions issued by the Electronic Certification Operator. One of the institutions providing electronic certification is an electronic certification reliability institution. This institution is independent and filled by professionals, one of which is notary profession. From this comes the concept called cybernotary. This paper is intended to describe cybernotary degan based on the method of normative research conceptually derived data bibliography Keyword: CyberNotary, Sertificate, Law
Efisiensi teknis usahatani kentang pada luas lahan yang berbeda di kabupaten Pasuruan
Authors: Utami Desy Cahyaning , Mamilianti Wenny
Published: November 2021

Potatoes are upland vegetable crops, which is the superior plant of Tosari District, Pasuruan Regency. Tosari potatoes are the largest contributor to production in East Java. The farmer profession is the main profession in this area, inherited from the family. The land area owned is inherited from the family. The agricultural land area varies, but still found farmers with a land area of more than one hectare. In this study, respondents were divided into two groups, namely farmers with a land area of ≥ 1 hectare called cluster I and respondent farmers with a land area of ≤ 0.5 hectares called cluster II. The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of production inputs on potato production, to analyze the level of technical efficiency of potato farmers with different land areas, to analyze the factors affecting the level of technical efficiency. The study was conducted by interviewing 49 respondent farmers in Cluster I and 70 respondent farmers in Cluster II. This study uses the Cobb Douglas production function, the analytical methods used are the Stochastic Analysis Frontier (SFA) and the Tobit regression analysis. The results showed that the production inputs that had a significant effect on production in cluster I were seeds, fertilizers, and manure, while in cluster II were fertilizers and pesticides. The level of technical efficiency of farmers who have a land area of ≥ 1 hectare is greater than farmers with a land area of ≤0.5 hectares. The land area has a significant effect on the level of technical efficiency.
Penambahan pigmen alami yang disalut tepung agar untuk meningkatkan kekuatan antioksidan pada tempe
Authors: Piansti Aditya Surya , Mahardika Anggara , Dewi Lusiawati
Published: November 2021

Background: Tempeh is a traditional Indonesian food that has a relatively low antioxidant activity. The addition of natural pigments is one solution to increase the antioxidant activity of tempeh. However, natural pigments are very susceptible to damage due to environmental factors, so it is necessary to coat with certain materials, such as agar powder to protect the pigments from damage.

Research purposes: The aim of the study to analyze the effect of adding natural pigments coated with agar powder on the antioxidant strength of tempeh.

Method: The sample used was tempeh with the addition of pigment powder uncoated and coated with 2%, 3%, 4% of agar, and tempeh without the addition of pigments as control. The antioxidant activity strength was analyzed using the DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl-hydrate) method at  fermentation time of 0 and 48 hours.

Results and Discussion: The results showed that the addition of pigments and fermentation time were able to significantly increase the antioxidant strength of tempeh compared to control where the IC50 value of the control at 0 hours of fermentation was 166,45±38,58 mg/ml which changed to 69,45±3,49 mg/ml after 48 hours of fermentation. Antioxidant activity were stronger in tempeh with addition of pigment where IC50 value of tempeh with uncoated pigments, coated pigments with 2%, 3%, and 4% of agar were 23,53±5,46 mg/ml, 21,91±6,02 mg/ml, 21,53±6,03 mg/ml, and 29,69±11,04 mg/ml, respectively. Nevertheless, the antioxidant activity strength from all treatments were considered as weak (IC50>200 µg /ml).

Conclusion: The addition of pigments uncoated and coated with agar powder and fermentation time were able to increase the antioxidant strength of tempeh. Coating treatment is also able to maintain the pigment color from degradation in the fermentation process.
Teknik Penilaian Produk Materi PAI Terpadu Untuk MI/SD
Authors: Solekan Solekan , Halili Halili
Published: November 2021

One of the most prominent implications of the implementation of the 2013 curriculum primarily for the SD / MI level is the use of integrated thematic learning. PAI subject matter in MI / SD must refer to core competencies where basic competencies are classified into four competency aspects (spiritual, social, knowledge and skills attitudes). That is, the material of PAI MI in the MI 2013 curriculum is expanded, by implementing integrated thematic learning implementation steps which include three main components, namely preliminary activities, core activities, and closing activities. The purpose of this study is to provide an analysis of the meaning, function, purpose and use of the stages of implementation of Integrated Islamic Education Material Development for MI / SD and the implementation of the steps for implementing Integrated Islamic Education Material Product learning for MI / SD which includes three main components. In this study the authors used data collection methods with documentation methods, as in the data collection techniques in library research (library research). The documentation method is a method used by researchers to objects or documents such as magazines, books, journals, meeting minutes and so on. The object of study in this article is focused on understanding the meaning, function, purpose, and use of the stages of implementing the development of integrated Islamic education materials for MI / SD and the implementation of the steps for implementing Integrated PAI material product learning for MI / SD which includes three main components.
DETECTION, OPTIMIZATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF BACTERIOCIN PRODUCED BY LACTOBACILLUS FERMENTUM A STRAIN ISOLATED FROM HOME MADE CURD- INDIAN TRADITIONAL FOOD
Authors: Meera N. S. , Devi M. Charitha
Published: November 2021

Lactic acid bacteria display numerous antimicrobial activities mainly due to the production of bacteriocins and
antifungal peptides. Bacteriocins are known for anti-microbial properties against various pathogens. The aim of this
work is to investigate the effect of growth conditions on the maximum production of bacteriocin by Lactobacillus
fermentum isolated from home made curd. Bacteriocin produced by Lactobacillus fermentum, inhibited the growth of
Salmonella typhimurium, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis and Proteus mirabilis. The
exponential phase of the growth was started at 4h from the time of incubation. The stationary phase begins at the 12h from
the time of incubation. Maximum bacteriocin production of 12650 AU/mL with more biomass was obtained in presence
of glucose. Yeast extract as sole nitrogen source, in MRS broth, stimulated bacteriocin production upto 2400 AU/mL. The
maximum bacteriocin production of 12200 AU/mL was obtained with 2 % of NaCl. The optimum pH for bacterial growth
and bacteriocin production was identified as pH 5. The highest bacteriocin activity of 7250 AU/ml and maximum growth
o
of 1.90 was recorded at pH 5. Bacteriocin production was found to be highest at 40 C temperature (8100AU/ml).
Optimization of bacteriocin production with the modification of environmental growth conditions will greatly benefit
efficient commercial applications. The stability of the bacteriocin with respect to pH, temperature, enzyme sensitivity
and organic solvents also studied.
“FUNCTIONAL FOOD AWARENESS IN RELATION TO LIFESTYLE CHANGES IN OBESE WOMEN OF BHOPAL.’’
Authors: Faraz Khan Zabi , Varma Nilima
Published: November 2021

"Let food be thy medicine and medicine be thy food,” as said by Hippocrates nearly 2,500 years ago, is receiving
renewed interest in the health enhancing role of specific foods or physiologically-active food components, so-called
functional foods (Hasler,1998).The urbanization has a strong adverse effect on the dietary pattern in old age women who
are lacking awareness about functional food.The awareness on functional foods is very use full in old age women who
have clinical diseases.Thus,the current study is targeted on educating old age women which will have an effect on food
habit for better health.The teaching aid used in the awareness is a colorful leaflet.The awareness on functional foods
among women educated were evaluated through questionnaire before and after the leaflet distribution and the results
were statistically analyzed.
Context:To promote better health and to help reduce the risk of diseases through the emerging fields of functional foods
and nutraceuticals as a concept of nutrition,this originated in Japan.To emphasis on the Hippocrates saying,"Let food be
your medicine and medicine be your food".
The purpose of this study was to aware people regarding consumption of functional food to improve their lifestyle.To
identify the need for information related to functional foods among older women (40-60 years old) and to assess
awareness and perceptions of health claims on self-made functional food.
Study Design:The Pre-test and post-test study was planned to evaluate the awareness of functional foods among old age
women who were suffering with clinical diseases in Bhopal city of Madhya Pradesh.
Results:The mean scores obtained by the selected women on the awareness on functional foods before and after leaflet
demonstration was found significant in Pair t -test.
Conclusions: The attempt to distribute a leaflet was observed to be a beneficial tool in inculcating awareness since
majority of the participants changed their dietary pattern as they have changed their routine breakfast.
A STUDY ON LAYERED CLOSURE VERSUS MASS CLOSURE OF LAPAROTOMY INCISIONS
Authors: Dorababu Therani , R Kumaran
Published: November 2021

Background: The ideal method of abdominal wound closure remains to be discovered. It should be technically so
simple that the results are as good in the hands of a trainee as in those of the master surgeon.The best abdominal closure
technique should be fast, easy while preventing both early and late complications. Present study is undertaken to
compare the two methods (LAYERED closure and MASS closure) of laparotomy wound closure in relation to postoperative complications,time for wound closure in both groups and also to decide the most effective method among the
two.
Methods: This study was conducted in department of surgery at a tertiary care teaching hospital at KANCHIPURAM
(TAMILNADU) from DECEMBER 2019 to DECEMBER 2020. On admission,patients suspected of having intraabdominal
pathology,a thorough clinical examination and general assessment was done.Necessary radiological and biochemical
investigations were done to support the diagnosis. After confirmation of diagnosis patients were subjected for
exploratory laparotomy.The laparotomy wound was closed with either by Mass closure or Layered closure technique.
Patients were followed up for 6 months in post-operative period for detection of late complications.
Results:Total 60 patients of were studied.Majority of patients were in 66 -75 age group.Male outnumbered the females.
Incidence of early complications like seroma, wound infection is more in layered closure group as compared to mass
closure.Mean wound closure time is more in layered closure group.
Conclusions: Mass closure technique is less time consuming,safe for closure of midline laparotomy incisions.
NUTRITIONAL ASSESSMENT AND ASSOCIATED RISK FACTORS OF PATIENTS WITH DYSLIPIDEMIA IN CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES, KIM’S HOSPITAL, SHEELA NAGAR, VISAKHAPATNAM
Authors: Sony Vadarevu , Gayatri T. , Yamuna Yamuna , Singh Depali
Published: November 2021

Dyslipidemia is one of the major risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a chronic
disorder and can lead to mortality. Atherosclerosis is the thickening and narrowing of the arteries; it is due to the
formation of plaque in the arteries,which restricts blood flow into various organs.Dyslipidemia denotes elevated levels
of one or more types of lipids in the blood. It is an observational study. Study includes 100 samples of age group 30-70
years,of which 50% of the population was female and 50% of the population was male.The samples were collected from
KIMS hospital Sheela nagar. Study includes patients with CVD (cardio vascular disease), hypertensive patients, and
diabetic patients. Anthropometric measurement, Biochemical parameters, clinical parameters, dietary intake was
assessed by 24hours recall method and diet counselling was given.A questionnaire is framed and the data is collected
with the help of the questionnaire.The data in the questionnaire includes the general information,patient’s food habits,
his interest and habits. Food preferences and likes and dislikes were collected from the patients itself. From the
population 32% females,38% males have the habit of walking daily,5% males have the habit of running,3% females and
6% males have the habit of yoga, 15% females and 1% males doesn’t have any of this habit. From the population 11%
males consume alcohol, 2% males smoke, 21% males have both the habits, and 16% males don’t have any of the habit.
Females are having high levels of cholesterol when compared to males,due to the sedentary lifestyle,whereas males are
having high levels of triglycerides,LDL-C,VLDL-C,low HDL-C due to the consumption of alcohol,smoking.
Perfil epidemiológico dos casos confirmados de infecção por COVID-19 no estado de Minas Gerais
Authors: Patrick Leonardo Nogueira da Silva  , Adélia Dayane Guimarães Fonseca  , Edna de Freitas Gomes Ruas  , Carolina dos Reis Alves  , Simone Guimarães Teixeira Souto  , Cláudio Luís de Souza Santos
Published: November 2021

Objetivo: identificar o perfil epidemiológico dos casos confirmados de infecção por COVID-19 no Estado de Minas Gerais. Método: trata-se de um estudo descritivo, exploratório, retrospectivo, com abordagem quantitativa, realizada em um banco de dados público da Secretaria Estadual de Saúde de Minas Gerais. A amostra foi composta por 275 pacientes notificados durante o 1º trimestre de 2020, os quais foram confirmados com COVID-19 em Minas Gerais. Resultados: observou-se prevalência de infecção na cidade de Belo Horizonte (59,3%), seguido das cidades de Juiz de Fora (8,4%) e Nova Lima (7,3%). Com relação ao sexo e idade, foram acometidos em sua maioria adultos jovens com prevalência do sexo masculino (59,6%) e idade entre 20 e 59 anos (80,7%). Conclusão: o coronavírus apresentou alta transmissibilidade, bem como alta difusibilidade, em um curto espaço de tempo no território mineiro, sendo os adultos jovens os principais veículos carreadores para os idosos.
Case Report and Highlight Clues on the Diagnosis of Pilomatrical Carcinoma
Authors: Milagros Lewkowicz , Alejandro Greco , Gabriel Lezcano , Victoria Cachau , Florencia Díaz
Published: November 2021

Pilomatrical Carcinoma (PC) is a rare malignant adnexal tumor with matrical differentiation. Its benign counterpart (Pilomatrixoma) is diagnosed much more frequently in daily pathological practice. Both entities share genetic alterations but the malignant counterpart acquires mutations that make it develop an aggressive behavior [1].

We describe a 33-year-old man who presented with a 7 x 6 cm nodular ulcerated lesion in the left ear with markedly accelerated growth in the last month. Incisional biopsy was referred to us with suspicion of squamous cell carcinoma versus pyogenic granuloma.

Histologic sections showed ulcerated fragments infiltrated by a basaloid cell proliferation interspersed with groups of “ghost cells”. The neoplastic cells were arranged in irregular sheets with infiltrative borders. Groups of Squamous cells with trichilemmal keratinization and foci of necrosis were also identified. The biopsy was diagnosed as an adnexal neoplasm with pilomatrical differentiation, suggesting its complete resection with safety margins due to the presence of aggressive characteristics. The subsequent study of the excisional biopsy showed similar characteristics to those previously described. Notoriously, focal infiltration of the auricular cartilage was identified, leading us to the undoubted diagnosis of pilomatrical carcinoma.
The Spirituality Dimensions of Christian Religious Education Teacher
Authors: Lase Delipiter
Published: November 2021

Spirituality must be possessed by Christian religious education (CRE) teachers, considering that the teaching he does aims to pave the way for learners to spirituality through the formation of perfect character, morals, and social. Therefore, this article seeks to identify the spiritual values that a CRE teacher should have and how the spiritual values are internalized in his personal life. This article is a conceptual framework based on a theoretical review. To develop concepts relevant to the topic, the author reviews literature from books and scientific journals, research reports, scientific essays, thesis and dissertations, encyclopedias, and other print and electronic sources. Based on a review of various sources, including spirituality according to Christianity, the author explains the essential spiritual values that a CRE teacher must possess. The author groups them into two dimensions, namely the personal dimension and the relational dimension.
A review of seventeen years of bank filtration in Brazil: results, benefits and challenges - Part 2: states of Pernambuco and Minas Gerais
Authors: Emmendoerfer Marcelo Luiz , Martins Marcelle , Segalla Pizzolatti Bruno , Domingues Soares Marcus Bruno , Signori Aline Maria , Sens Maurício Luiz
Published: November 2021

This work is the second part of “A Review of seventeen years of bank filtration in Brazil: results, benefits, and challenges”. Part 2 describes the research on water treatment carried out in the states of Pernambuco (Olinda city, metropolitan region of Recife and region of Garanhuns) and Minas Gerais (Viçosa city). The main benefit of bank filtration (BF) is that it is an alternative way of obtaining a higher quality raw water compared to the traditional water supply methods when local geological conditions are favorable. BF technology highlights other relevant aspects: it may become one of the main water pretreatments in rivers or lakes with sandy sediments; it is possible to obtain quality water in a well up to the first impenetrable layer (30 m deep); the technology removes 100% of total and fecal coliforms; it may reduce water turbidity at high levels; its pretreatment application may reduce the amount of inputs in the water and, consequently, the generated sludge.
Keywords: Bank Filtration. Water Treatment. Local Geological Conditions. Pretreatment. Impenetrable Layer.
Pembinaan Perilaku Sosial dan Akhlak Mulia pada Narapidana Anak melalui Kegiatan Pelatihan Kecakapan Hidup
Authors: Meilya Ika Rizqi , Nupus Hayatun , Haila Hidayatullah
Published: November 2021

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui: 1) Proses pembinaan; 2) Hasil pembinaan; serta 3) faktor pendukung dan penghambat pembinaan perilaku sosial dan akhlak mulia pada narapidana anak melalui kegiatan pelatihan kecakapan hidup di LPKA Kelas 1 Tangerang. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif metode deskriptif. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan: dokumentasi, wawancara, dan observasi. Subjek penelitiannya: kepala bidang pembinaan, instruktur pelatihan, dan warga binaan anak. Teknik keabsahan data menggunakan triangulasi sumber, metode dan teori. Teknik analisis data melalui pengumpulan data, reduksi data dan penarikan kesimpulan. Adapun hasil penelitianya: 1) proses pembinaan perilaku sosial dan akhlak mulia pada narapidana anak melalui program pelatihan kecakapan hidup meliputi tahap perencanaan, pelaksanaan dan evaluasi. 2) Hasil proses pembinaan perilaku sosial dan akhlak mulia pada narapidana anak melalui program pelatihan kecakapan hidup dapat disimpulkan perilaku sosial narapidana anak menunjukan baik, akhlak mulia narapidana anak terlihat sabar, syukur dan tawadhu, kecakapan hidup narapidana anak dapat membuka usaha sendiri setelah bebas dari tahanan. 3) Faktor pendukung perilaku sosial dan akhlak mulia pada narapidana anak melalui program kecakapan hidup adalah motivasi, kesadaran diri, lingkungan keluarga dan LPKA. Sedangkan faktor penghambatnya sifat malas, bosan, sarana prasarana, metode, dan instruktur pelatihan.
MENAKAR KOMPETENSI DAN PROFESI LULUSAN PENDIDIKAN LUAR SEKOLAH DI ERA DIGITAL
Authors: Shomedran Shomedran
Published: November 2021

Artikel ini bermaksud memberikan gambaran tentang kompetensi dan profesi dari lulusan Pendidikan Luar Sekolah di era digital saat ini. Sebagaimana diketahui bahwa era digital sudah mengubah sistem pekerjaan yang ada di masyarakat dengan lebih mengarah cara kerja beralih pada digitalisasi dimana tenaga manusia digantikan dengan teknologi digital. Profesi dari lulusan Pendidikan Luar Sekolah yang cukup luas cakupannya berkaitan dengan pendidikan di masyarakat diantaranya sebagai pamong belajar, penilik, instruktur, fasilitator, pendamping masyarakat, tutor, tenaga kependidikan di satuan Pendidikan Luar Sekolah dan PAUD dan pekerja sosial lainnya serta pekerjaan lain yang relevan. Profesi tersebut di era digital sekarang ini memerlukan kompetensi, keahlian dan keterampilan yang sesuai dengan era digitalisasi yang harus dimiliki oleh lulusan Pendidikan Luar Sekolah sehingga mampu bersaing di masyarakat. Saat ini kompetensi era digital yang harus dimiliki oleh lulusan PLS setidaknya yakni kompetensi informasi dan literasi data, komunikasi dan kolaborasi, kemampuan menciptakan konten digital, keamanan termasuk menjamin pelindungan terhadap data dan kerahasiaan, kemudian kompetensi memecahkan dan mengatasi persoalan secara teknis. Kemudian kompetensi yang tidak kalah penting yang harus dimiliki yaitu kompetensi kepribadian, profesional, pedagogik dan kompetensi sosial.
African Transition Rituals Celebrating Gender and Human Sexuality: Implications for African Christian Theology
Authors: Onyancha Boaz K
Published: November 2021

Transition rituals are prominent practices among African traditional communities. Among the Gusii community of western Kenya the ritual is performed for both boys and girls. The boys are taken through circumcision while girls go through clitoridectomy. The ritual for girls is widely criticized and opposed by among others the Christian Church. The ritual for girls is resisted on several grounds, but it still persists. The question which many have asked is, why this persistence? This paper raises a number of arguments among them being that; in Africa, gender and human sexuality are celebrated through painful rituals. Men and women are made rather than born. In this discussion, I argue that opposition to clitoridectomy is ill informed, because it is the element of the pain that accompanies the ritual that is the reason why the ritual persists. The paper draws equivalents between the Gusii traditional transition ritual with the death and resurrection of Jesus Christ, namely that from a theological perspective, the rituals should be perceived constructively as preparatory for Christian evangelization as they point to the death and resurrection of Jesus Christ. It is suggested that the Church should view the rituals constructively instead of opposing them. This situation, among other factors, has over the years rendered ineffective the Church’s efforts at evangelization not only in Gusii community but also in other African communities where this ritual is upheld
Ante el reto de diseñar un modelo de tutela colectiva de manos de la Directiva (UE) 2020/1828
Authors: Aguilera Morales Marien
Published: November 2021

Recientemente el Ministerio de Justicia ha sometido a consulta pública la transposición de la Directiva (UE) 2020/1828, relativa a las, así llamadas, acciones de representación. Con ello se da un primer paso para acomodar nuestro ordenamiento a los dictados de la Unión, pero también para que todos, académicos y prácticos, aunemos esfuerzos en diseñar un nuevo modelo de tutela colectiva que supere las deficiencias del actual. En el diseño, desde luego, habrá que tener en cuenta las disposiciones europeas, pero también —y sobre todo— el espíritu que las anima: fomentar la eficiencia judicial, franquear el acceso a la Justicia y poner freno a las demandas fraudulentas o abusivas. Este será el reto en términos generales.

Obviamente superar este reto requerirá afrontar otros más específicos y ligados en su mayoría a las exigencias y posibilidades que se abren de manos de la Directiva 2020/1828. El objeto de este trabajo es, justamente, precisar cuáles son estos retos y cuáles, en su caso, las opciones que se presentan a nivel normativo. Y aún tiene este otro propósito: apuntar propuestas concretas que sirvan de estímulo a la reflexión y al debate.
GR-Athena++: Puncture Evolutions on Vertex-centered Oct-tree Adaptive Mesh Refinement
Authors: Daszuta Boris , Zappa Francesco , Cook William , Radice David , Bernuzzi Sebastiano , Morozova Viktoriya
Published: November 2021

Numerical relativity is central to the investigation of astrophysical sources in the dynamical and strong-field gravity regime, such as binary black hole and neutron star coalescences. Current challenges set by gravitational-wave and multimessenger astronomy call for highly performant and scalable codes on modern massively parallel architectures. We present GR-Athena++, a general-relativistic, high-order, vertex-centered solver that extends the oct-tree, adaptive mesh refinement capabilities of the astrophysical (radiation) magnetohydrodynamics code Athena++. To simulate dynamical spacetimes, GR-Athena++ uses the Z4c evolution scheme of numerical relativity coupled to the moving puncture gauge. We demonstrate stable and accurate binary black hole merger evolutions via extensive convergence testing, cross-code validation, and verification against state-of-the-art effective-one-body waveforms. GR-Athena++ leverages the task-based parallelism paradigm of Athena++ to achieve excellent scalability. We measure strong-scaling efficiencies above 95% for up to ∼1.2 × 104 CPUs and excellent weak scaling is shown up to ∼105 CPUs in a production binary black hole setup with adaptive mesh refinement. GR-Athena++ thus allows for the robust simulation of compact binary coalescences and offers a viable path toward numerical relativity at exascale.
Multiwavelength Properties of Miras
Authors: Iwanek Patryk , Kozłowski Szymon , Gromadzki Mariusz , Soszyński Igor , Wrona Marcin , Skowron Jan , Ratajczak Milena , Udalski Andrzej , Szymański Michał K. , Pietrukowicz Paweł , Ulaczyk Krzysztof , Poleski Radosław , Mróz Przemysław , Skowron Dorota M. , Rybicki Krzysztof
Published: November 2021

We comprehensively study the variability of Miras in the Large Magellanic Cloud by simultaneously analyzing light curves in 14 bands in the range of 0.5–24 μm. We model over 20 yr long, high-cadence I-band light curves collected by the Optical Gravitational Lensing Experiment (OGLE) and fit them to light curves collected in the remaining optical/near-infrared/mid-infrared bands to derive both the variability amplitude ratio and phase lag as a function of wavelength. We show that the variability amplitude ratio declines with increasing wavelength for both oxygen-rich (O-rich) and carbon-rich (C-rich) Miras, while the variability phase lag increases slightly with increasing wavelength. In a significant number of Miras, mostly the C-rich ones, the spectral energy distributions (SEDs) require the presence of a cool component (dust) in order to match the mid-IR data. Based on SED fits for a golden sample of 140 Miras, we calculated synthetic period–luminosity relations (PLRs) in 42 bands for the existing and future sky surveys that include OGLE, the VISTA Near-Infrared YJK
s Survey of the Magellanic Clouds System, Legacy Survey of Space and Time, Gaia, Spitzer, the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer, the James Webb Space Telescope, the Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope (formerly WFIRST), and the Hubble Space Telescope. We show that the synthetic PLR slope decreases with increasing wavelength for both the O-rich and C-rich Miras in the range of 0.1–40 μm. Finally, we show the location and motions of Miras on the color–magnitude and color–color diagrams.
Toxic Substance-induced Hippocampal Neurodegeneration in Rodents as Model of Alzheimer’s Dementia
Authors: Nurmasitoh Titis , Sari Dwi Cahyani Ratna , Susilowati Rina
Published: November 2021

BACKGROUND: Alzheimer’s Dementia (AD) cases are increasing with the global elderly population. To study the part of the brain affected by AD, animal models for hippocampal degeneration are still necessary to better understand AD pathogenesis and develop treatment and prevention measures.

AIM: This study was a systematic review of toxic substance-induced animal models of AD using the Morris Water Maze method in determining hippocampal-related memory impairment. Our aim was reviewing the methods of AD induction using toxic substances in laboratory rodents and evaluating the report of the AD biomarkers reported in the models.

METHODS: Data were obtained from articles in the PubMed database, then compiled, categorized, and analyzed. Eighty studies published in the past 5 years were included for analysis.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: The most widely used method was intracerebroventricular injection of amyloid-β _substances. However, some less technically challenging techniques using oral or intraperitoneal administration of other toxic substances also produce successful models. Instead of hippocampal neurodegeneration, many studies detected biomarkers of the AD pathological process while some reported inflammation, oxidative stress, neurotrophic factors, and changes of cholinergic activity. Female animals were underrepresented despite a high incidence of AD in women.

CONCLUSION: Toxic substances may be used to develop AD animal models characterized with appropriate AD pathological markers. Characterization of methods with the most easy-handling techniques and more studies in female animal models should be encouraged.