bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Adoption and Implementation of Digital Preservation Strategies by Academic Libraries in South Africa
Authors: Masenya Tlou Maggie , Ngulube Patrick
Published: July 2020

The growing number of digital devices has led to the creation of many digital resources within academic libraries. Without proper protection, there is a risk that these digital resources can neither be retrieved from old storage media nor be rendered from old file formats. As a result, academic libraries have recognised a need for long-term preservation of their fast growing number of digital resources. However, preserving digital content over a long period has been difficult because both technology and relevant organisational context change over time. This underscores the need to examine the adoption of digital preservation strategies in academic libraries in South Africa. A quantitative research approach was used, underpinned by a survey research design. The findings revealed that migration, bit preservation, replication and a risk management approach were the most widely used preservation strategies within academic libraries in South Africa. The study observed that there are only a few digital preservation studies that have been devoted to developing strategies to ensure long-term accessibility of digital resources in academic libraries in South Africa. This raises a concern and the researchers are of the opinion that academic libraries can overcome digital preservation problems if proper strategies are put in place. The study proposes a digital preservation strategy for academic libraries that is mapped with international preservation standards and certification tools.
Diversidade etnolinguística no Brasil: a contribuição da sociolinguística de contato para o plurilinguismo
Authors: De Souza Gilberto Ferreira de Souza
Published: July 2020

Esta resenha aborda a difusão do que vem sendo produzido em diversos grupos de pesquisa nos estudos de sociolinguística de contato. A despeito da fala de que o Brasil é um país monolíngue e monocultural, a realidade nos revela um país onde o plurilinguismo está manifesto em indivíduos e em diversas comunidades.  De acordo com a professora da Universidade Federal Fluminense e moderadora desta mesa redonda, Mônica Savedra, essa riqueza é assinalada por contrastes e conflitos expressos pela diversidade etnolinguística e cultural presente nos mais variados grupos no país, a saber: indígenas, imigrantes, quilombolas, ciganos, comunidades surdas, contextos fronteiriços entre outros. Ainda segundo Savedra, as situações de contato não são absolutas, e sim relativas.  Após a apresentação de três situações de contato que foram relatadas por três pesquisadoras de diferentes instituições, as mesmas responderam, brevemente, a importantes questões dos ouvintes sobre o tema abordado: a sociolinguística de contato.
Sistem Inferensi Fuzzy Untuk Membantu Diagnosis Penyakit Pneumonia Anak
Authors: Numan Numan , Kusumadewi Sri , Muzayyanah Nurlaili
Published: July 2020

Pneumonia merupakan penyakit yang dapat menyerang semua kalangan umur, mulai dari balita sampai dengan dewasa. Dokter sering menemukan pasien yang datang ke rumah sakit sudah mengalami pneumonia berat. Pneumonia memiliki beberapa tingkatan klasifikasi, ada pneumonia ringan dan pneumonia berat. Karena pneumonia memiliki beberapa tingkatan klasifikasi sehingga memungkinkan gejala yang dialami juga berbeda. Ketepatan dalam penegakan diagnosis sangat penting, karena kesalahan diagnosis dapat berakibat fatal pada kesehatan anak. Penelitian ini menggunakan fuzzy tsukamoto untuk membantu diagnosis pnuemonia anak. Input sistem diperoleh dari gejala klinis yang diderita anak, seperti batuk, sesak napas, napas cepat, retraksi dan lainya. Basis pengetahuan diperoleh dari pakar dan dibangun dengan kaidah (IF-THEN). Selanjutnya fire strength yang diperoleh pada setiap aturan fuzzy dikomposisikan menggunakan rata-rata terbobot. Hasil rata-rata terbobot ini merupakan output diagnosis penyakit. Berdasarkan hasil uji coba dengan 10 data uji, fuzzy tsukamoto berhasil memberikan rekomendasi diagnosis 8 dari 10 data yang sesuai dengan hasil rekam medis. Fuzzy tsukamoto memberikan akurasi sebesar 80%, sensitifitas sebesar 75% dan spesitifitas sebesar 83%.
Aplikasi Absensi Online Berbasis Android
Authors: Setiawan Panji Rachmat
Published: July 2020

Perkembangan teknologi mengalami kemajuan yang pesat pada zaman sekarang. Terutama perkembangan pada ilmu Teknologi Informasi. Hal ini dapat dilihat dari kehidupan sehari – hari bagaimana masyarakat Indonesia pada umumnya selalu melibatkan teknologi dalam melaksanakan kegiatan sehari – hari. Tetapi masih jarang yang memanfaatkan teknologi dalam membantu pekerjaan maupun memenuhi kebutuhan pekerjaan. Masih banyaknya pekerjaan yang seharusnya sudah dapat dilakukan dengan cara memanfaatkan teknologi, tetapi masih menggunakan hal-hal yang bersifat konvensional dalam melakukan pekerjaan maupun menghimpun data yang dibutuhkan. Tak jarang pula kegiatan absensi menjadi bagian penilaian antara dosen kepada mahasiswa, yang mana mempengaruhi dari hasil nilai akhir yang diterima oleh mahasiswa. Dan sering terjadi kecurangan yang dilakukan oleh para mahasiswa terkait dengan absensi agar dapat memenuhi angka minimal kehadiran pada kegiatan belajar mengajar. Titip absen yang dilakukan antar mahasiswa adalah hal yang lumrah terjadi. Hal ini dapat merugikan dosen, mahasiswa yang lain, dan juga mahasiswa yang melakukan kegiatan titip absen tersebut. Lembar absensi yang digunakan untuk absensi mahasiswa pun sering terjadi kerusakan, padahal nantinya lembar absensi ini akan dijadikan laporan terkait kegiatan beljar-mengajar pada satu semester dilakukan. Apabila dokumen tersebut rusak, maka akan mempengaruhi proses pengecekan dokumen yang dilakukan oleh pihak universitas
Analisis Sentimen Dompet Elektronik Pada Twitter Menggunakan Metode Naïve Bayes Classifier
Authors: Putra M. Wino Adi , Susanti  , Erlin  , Herwin
Published: July 2020

Twitter selain sebagai media sosial untuk berinteraksi dengan teman di dunia maya ternyata juga bisa menjadi suatu media untuk melakukan penelitian. Banyak peneliti menjadikan twitter sebagai wadah untuk melakukan penelitian baik berupa Social Network Analysis ataupun Analisis Sentimen. Dompet elektronik merupakan salah satu hasil perkembangan teknologi bidang transaksi online. Kompleksitas kegiatan masyarakat membuat mereka mencari suatu media pembayaran yang cepat dan aman. Perekembangan Dompet Elektronik di Indonesia bisa dibilang sangat pesat, karena semakin banyaknya masyarakat yang menggunakan dompet elektronik seperti Dana, OVO dan Go-Pay. Banyaknya tawaran keuntungan menjadi nilai lebih bagi masyarakat untuk menggunakan Dompet Elektronik tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisa tanggapan masyarakat atas hadirnya berbagai aplikasi dompet elektronik di Indonesia dengan mengklasifikasikannya kedalam tiga kelas yakni positif, negatif dan netral dengan menggunakan metode Naïve Bayes dan menggunakan perangkat lunak Rapidminer untuk menganalisisa suatu sentiment ataupun sejenisnya dengan melewati suatu proses preprocessing. Data diperoleh secara langsung dari situs microblogging Twitter dengan hashtag pencarian #GoPay, #OVO dan #DANA, dari data tersebut, diambil 100 data dengan rincian 70 data latih dan 30 data uji. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa analisis sentimen pada dompet elektronik GoPay lebih banyak dinilai positif oleh pengguna twitter yaitu sebesar 46,67% diikuti oleh Dana sebesar 37,50% dan OVO sebesar 16,67%. Dompet elektronik OVO memiliki nilai negatif yang lebih tinggi yaitu sebesar 63,33% diikuti oleh GoPay sebesar 53,33% dan Dana sebesar 30,00%. Penelitian ini memberikan bukti empiris dan merekomendasikan kepada masyarakat untuk lebih menggunakan GoPay kegiatan jual beli dikehidupan sehari-hari.
Sozialisation und Geschlecht – strittige Positionen
Authors: Bereswill Mechthild , Ehlert Gudrun
Published: July 2020

Ansätze der sozial- und kulturwissenschaftlichen Geschlechterforschung stehen in der Kritik, die „biologische Natur“ des Menschen nicht zu berücksichtigen. Dies gilt insbesondere im Zusammenhang von Fragen der Geschlechtersozialisation und angrenzender pädagogischer Felder. Gegen grundlegende Einsichten der Geschlechterforschung werden deshalb neurowissenschaftliche Forschungsbefunde und evolutionspsychologische Annahmen angeführt und als Nachweis dafür geltend gemacht, dass Geschlechterunterschiede stabil und biologisch begründet seien. Im vorliegenden Beitrag wird zunächst an Perspektiven der sozialwissenschaftlichen Geschlechterforschung angeknüpft. Anschließend werden ausgewählte Befunde und Diskussionen der Neurowissenschaften und Evolutionspsychologie analysiert. Im Ausblick wird am Beispiel von Geschlecht dargelegt, warum eine Integration von biologischer Forschung und sozialwissenschaftlicher Sozialisationsforschung problematisch ist.
Religiöse Praktiken in der konfessionellen Heimerziehung und ihre Legitimationen
Authors: Reimer Daniela
Published: July 2020

Im vorliegenden Text wird eine explorative Studie zu christlich-religiösen Praktiken im Alltag der konfessionellen Heimerziehung vorgestellt. In der Pilotstudie wurde in einer ausgewählten Heimgruppe methodisch mit teilnehmender Beobachtung und halboffenen Interviews mit verschiedenen Zielgruppen gearbeitet. Bei der Darstellung der Ergebnisse werden einerseits beobachtete religiöse Praktiken und Praktiken, von denen Kinder in Interviews berichten, aufgezeigt, andererseits die Legitimationsmuster der Leitungs- und Fachkräfte für diese Praktiken. Abschliessend werden Themen herausgearbeitet, die es in der weiteren Forschung zu vertiefen gilt.
Command-Destruct Thermosets via Photoinduced Thiol-Catalyzed ß-Scission of Acyclic Benzylidene Acetals
Authors: Walker William , Sandoz Michael , Roland Samuel , Buster Tony , Newman John , Patton Derek
Published: July 2020

Photoinduced thiol-catalyzed hydrogen abstraction and ß-scission of acyclic benzylidene acetals is demonstrated as a new route to “command-destruct” polymer thermosets. Using this approach, we show that poly(thioether acetal) networks synthesized via thiol-ene photopolymerization rapidly degrade to alkyl benzoate byproducts when triggered with light, transitioning from solid to liquid within seconds. The light-driven construction and destruction processes, accessible via distinct differences in kinetics, are readily amendable for photopatterning, additive/subtractive manufacturing and wavelength-selective applications.
Rapid Detection of Strong Correlation with Machine Learning for Transition Metal Complex High-Throughput Screening
Authors: Liu Fang , Duan Chenru , Kulik Heather
Published: July 2020

Despite its widespread use in chemical discovery, approximate density functional theory (DFT) is poorly suited to many materials targets, such as those containing open-shell, 3d transition metals that can be expected to have strong multireference (MR) character. For DFT workflows to be predictive, we must incorporate automated, low cost methods that can distinguish the regions of chemical space where DFT should be applied and where it should not. We curate over 4,800 open shell transition metal complexes up to hundreds of atoms in size from prior high-throughput DFT studies and evaluate affordable, finite-temperature DFT evaluation of fractional occupation number (FON)-based MR diagnostics. We show that intuitive measures of strong correlation (i.e., the HOMO-LUMO gap) are not predictive of MR character as judged by FON-based diagnostics. We train independent machine learning (ML) models to predict HOMO-LUMO gaps and FON-based diagnostics. ML model analysis reveals differences in metal- and ligand-sensitivity of the two quantities, suggesting opportunities to minimize MR character while tailoring the gap. We use our trained ML models to rapidly evaluate MR character over a space of ca. 187,000 theoretical complexes, identifying large-scale trends in spin-state-dependent MR character and discovering small HOMO-LUMO gap complexes with low MR character.
Direct Liquid Fuel Cells – The Influence of Temperature and Dynamic Instabilities
Authors: Nogueira Jéssica Alves , Varela Hamilton
Published: July 2020

The interconversion between chemical and electrical energies plays a pivotal role in the challenge for a sustainable future. Proton exchange membrane (PEMFC) based on the electro-oxidation of hydrogen and reduction of oxygen comprise a relatively mature technology of indisputable relevance. Alternatively, some open questions concerning the use of Direct Liquid Fuel Cells (DLFC) call for further experimental investigations on these systems. In this paper we evaluate the temperature effect on DLFCs under conventional and oscillatory conditions. We studied four molecules: methanol, formic acid, ethanol, and dimethyl ether. The use of identical experimental conditions allowed at studying the role of the fuel on the DLFC performance, providing thus reference values for future investigations. Under regular, non-oscillatory regime, we observed for all cases that the overpotential decreases as the temperature increases mainly because water activation on the catalyst surface is facilitated at high temperatures. By mapping the conditions where oscillatory kinetics manifest itself under galvanostatic mode, only the electro-oxidation of dimethyl ether did not exhibit potential oscillations. The relationship between oscillatory frequency and temperature during the methanol and formic acid electro-oxidation followed a conventional Arrhenius dependence, whereas with ethanol there was no straightforward trend, and temperature compensation prevails. The atypical behavior found for ethanol was addressed in terms of its main electrocatalytic poisons: adsorbed CO and acetate. The absence of oscillations during dimethyl ether electro-oxidation was attributed to its weak interaction with the catalyst surface.
Development and Testing of an All-Atom Force Field for Diketopyrrolopyrrole Polymers with Conjugated Substituents
Authors: Sundaram Vivek , Lyulin Alexey V. , Baumeier Björn
Published: July 2020

We develop an all-atom force field for a series of diketopyrrolopyrrole polymers with two aromatic pyridine substituents and variable number of pi-conjugated thiophene units in the backbone, used as donor material in organic photovoltaic devices. Available intra-fragment parameterizations of the individual fragment building blocks are combined with inter-fragment bonded and non-bonded parameters explicitly derived from density-functional theory calculations. To validate the force field we perform classical molecular dynamics simulations of single polymer chains with 1, 2, and 3 thiophenes in good and bad solvents, and of melts. We observe the expected dependence of the chain conformation on the solvent quality, with the chain collapsing in water, and swelling in chloroform. The glass transition temperature for the polymer melts is found to be in the range of 340K to 370K. Analysis of the mobility of the conjugated segments in the polymer backbone reveals two relaxation processes: a fast one with a characteristic time at room temperature on the order of 10ps associated with nearly harmonic vibrations and a slow one on the order of 100 associated with temperature activated cis-trans transitions.
Acute and Sub chronic Toxicological evaluation of ethanolic leaf extract of Sida acuta Burm.F in Wistar albino rats by analyzing biochemical, heamatological and histochemical parameters
Authors: Perumalsamy Muneeswari  , Sri Rashmy Madathi  , Kannappan Poornima
Published: July 2020

Sida acuta burm.f belongs to Malvaceae, the mallow family and enjoys tropical and pantropical distribution. The plant is usually known as wireweed in the countryside, and it is highly medicinally valued traditionally and ethnobotanically promised. The species have literature reports on scientific attributes like abortifacient, anthelmintic, diuretic, anti-rheumatic, antipyretic and wound healing properties. The present study is concerned with acute and sub-chronic toxicity evaluation of ethanolic extract of Sida acuta Burm.f leaves in Wistar albino rats. Acute toxicity evaluation was conducted for 14 days. Acute doses of 100, 250, 500, 1000 and 2000 mg/kg BW were administrated to test groups of animals under consideration on the first day of experimental evaluation with three animals in each of total six groups along with control. For the remaining 13 days, animals were observed for noted behavioural changes and body weight were recorded respectively for 7th and 14th day of experimental analysis. At the end of the trial period, all the animals were euthanised, and various biochemical parameters and histopathological examination were carried out to assess the toxicity of extract. The present study revealed that the ethanolic extract of Sida acuta Burm.f leaves is non-toxic up to 2000mg/kg body weight. Subchronic toxicity evaluation was conducted for 28 days with several doses 100, 200, 300, 400 and 500mg/kg BW. Control rats without any treatment were maintained during the entire period of experimental analysis. The results of subchronic toxicity parameters indicate no significant changes to the biochemical parameters (glucose, urea, uric acid, creatinine, AST, ALT and Cholesterol) haematological and histopathological observation in comparison to the control groups. Based on subchronic toxicity parameters data, effective doses (200 and 400mg/kg BW) is determined for further cancer (colon) study in Wistar albino rats.
The beginning of phygital world
Authors: Evgeny Soloviov  , Alexander Danilov
Published: July 2020

The Phygital word itself is the combination pf physical and digital technology application.This paper will highlight the detail of phygital world and its importance, also we will discuss why its matter in the world of technology along with advantages and disadvantages.It is the concept and technology is the bridge between physical and digital world which bring unique experience to the users by providing purpose of phygital world. It is the technology used in 21st century to bring smart data as opposed to big data and mix into the broader address of array of learning styles. It can bring new experience to every sector almost like, retail, medical, aviation, education etc. to maintain some reality in today’s world which is developing technology day to day. It is a general reboot which can keep economy moving and guarantee the wellbeing of future in terms of both online and offline.
Editorial
Authors: De História da Mídia Associação Brasileira De Pesquisadores
Published: July 2020

Editorial
A primeira página e os valores da cultura dos jornalistas
Authors: Aguiar Leonel Azevedo de , Barsotti Adriana
Published: July 2020

O objetivo deste artigo é analisar as rotinas produtivas envolvidas no processo de edição dos jornais impressos, à luz das teorias do jornalismo. Para alcançar os objetivos, foram utilizados prefácios de livros que reúnem, segundo suas propostas editoriais, as mais relevantes primeiras páginas de jornais brasileiros. Os textos são assinados por dois jornalistas que já ocuparam cargo de direção e um colunista. A hipótese é que haja um grau de descompasso entre o imaginário que a cultura profissional construiu sobre os valores jornalísticos e as características distintivas da atividade já apontadas pelas teorias do jornalismo. A metodologia utilizada combina a análise de narrativas e revisão bibliográfica.Palavras-chave: Jornais. Teorias do jornalismo. Rotinas produtivas. Imaginário.
Primeira “ombudswoman” do Brasil: resgate de uma experiência pioneira
Authors: Reis Marco Aurelio , Thomé Cláudia A
Published: July 2020

Um ano depois de o jornalista Caio Tulio Costa ter inaugurado, na Folha de São Paulo, a primeira experiência oficial de crítica de mídia periódica e regular com base na função e espaço editorial de ombudsman, a jornalista Magda Almeida assumiria o mesmo papel no jornal O Dia. Primeira brasileira a ter uma experiência de “ombudswoman”, Magda atuou por 19 anos no diário carioca, a partir de 1990, e fez da atividade uma aproximação do veículo com seus leitores. O presente artigo reconstrói essa trajetória pioneira a partir de entrevista qualitativa em profundidade, com base na metodologia proposta por Bauer e Gaskell (2000) e Gil (1999). Com esse levantamento, busca contribuir para história do Jornalismo e para uma epistemologia da crítica de mídia periódica e regular na imprensa brasileira.
A AUTONOMIA DECISÓRIA E O DIREITO À AUTODETERMINAÇÃO CORPORAL EM DECISÕES PESSOAIS: UMA NECESSÁRIA DISCUSSÃO
Authors: Sobrado de Freitas Riva , Mezzaroba Orides , Zilio Daniela
Published: July 2020

O presente artigo tem como problema o questionamento sobre a existência da autonomia decisória e a ponderação dela como necessário alicerce para a efetivação da autodeterminação do indivíduo sobre o seu corpo. Para solver-se o questionamento, foi realizada uma pesquisa bibliográfica exploratório-explicativa, qualitativa, utilizando-se o método dedutivo. A conclusão obtida é a de que é clara a existência de um direito de exercer a autonomia decisória, que confere empoderamento às decisões particulares, e que, portanto, guarnece o ser humano em sua identidade e dignidade pessoal. Como resultado da pesquisa, dessa forma, tem-se que, é prerrogativa inerente ao ser humano o reconhecimento à sua autocompreensão, e a autonomia decisória estabelecida é imprescindível na construção desse direito.
The Leland–Toft optimal capital structure model under Poisson observations
Authors: Palmowski Zbigniew , Pérez José Luis , Surya Budhi , Yamazaki Kazutoshi
Published: July 2020

We revisit the optimal capital structure model with endogenous bankruptcy
first studied by Leland \cite{Leland94} and Leland and Toft \cite{Leland96}.
Differently from the standard case, where shareholders observe continuously the
asset value and bankruptcy is executed instantaneously without delay, we assume
that the information of the asset value is updated only at intervals, modeled
by the jump times of an independent Poisson process. Under the spectrally
negative L\'evy model, we obtain the optimal bankruptcy strategy and the
corresponding capital structure. A series of numerical studies are given to
analyze the sensitivity of observation frequency on the optimal solutions, the
optimal leverage and the credit spreads.
THE INTEGRATION OF GROUP DISCUSSION METHOD USING AUDIO VISUAL LEARNING MEDIA TOWARD STUDENTS’ LEARNING ACHIEVEMENT ON LISTENING
Authors: Naibaho Lamhot
Published: July 2020

This research is focus on the integration of group discussion method using audio visual learning media. The aim of conducting this research is to find out how the integration of group discussion method using audio visual learning media toward the students learning achievement on listening. The method of the study used was qualitative with Quasy Experimental design. It was done at Teruna Muda Jurnior High School. The instrument used were a set of test and observation sheets. The result of the research are: a) that the everage result using QA method using the audio visual learning is 74; and b) student learning outcomes using the QA method with audio media is no better than the student learning outcomes provided with conventional learning models using audio media. Then it is concluded that the teachers may implement the QA method or conventional learning in teaching listening to the students in the classroom.
The Influence of Gender Roles and Coping Strategies to The Fishermen’s Family Happiness Index
Authors: Karimah Rona Aulia , Puspitawati Herien
Published: July 2020

Seasonal changes will have an impact on the lives of fishermen’s families, especially the economic sector. Changes in the sea and non-sea seasons have an impact on family cooperation in survival. These effects will be seen in the gender role of husband and wife in solving problems in fishermen’s families. This study aims to analyze the effect of gender roles and coping strategies on fishermen’s family happiness index. The study design used a cross-sectional study with interviews and questionnaire assistance. The research sample was selected by purposive sampling with respondents of 40 fishermen’s families in the Toboali District, Bangka Belitung Islands Province. The gender role variables, coping strategies, and fishermen’s family happiness index are in the medium category. There is a correlation between coping strategies with the happiness index of fishermen’s families. The number of family members shows a significant negative effect on the happiness index in the sea and non-sea seasons. Meanwhile, coping strategies present a significant positive effect on the happiness index of fishermen’s families in the sea and non-sea seasons.
Pengaruh Lingkungan Belajar, Motivasi Belajar dan Kemandirian Belajar terhadap Hasil Belajar Matematika Siswa Kelas XI IPA SMAN 9 Pangkep
Authors: Halim Siti Nur Humairah , Rahma Rahma
Published: July 2020

This study aims to study the influence of learning environment, learning motivation and learning independence of the learning outcomes of students of class XI IPA SMAN 9 Pangkep. This type of research is ex-post facto research. The sample in this study was class XI IPA 1 and XI IPA 2 with a total of 69 students. The results showed that the partial way is positive and significant influence of learning environment on the learning outcomes about 14%, positive and significant influence learning motivation towards the mathematics learning outcomes about 34% and learning independence had a positive effect and significant to the learning outcomes about 32%. Meanwhile, learning environment, learning motivation and learning independence had positive and significant impacts together on the mathematics learning outcomes of students of class XI IPA of SMAN 9 Pangkep with a coefficient of determination R2 = 0.50 that supports environmental learning, motivation learning and independent learning supports 50% of the learning outcomes of students of class XI IPA at SMAN 9 Pangkep.AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh lingkungan belajar, motivasi belajar dan kemandirian belajar terhadap hasil belajar matematika siswa kelas XI IPA SMAN 9 Pangkep. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian ex-post facto. Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah kelas XI IPA 1 dan XI IPA 2 dengan jumlah total 69 siswa. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa secara parsial lingkungan belajar berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap hasil belajar matematika sebesar 14%, motivasi belajar berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap hasil belajar matematika sebesar 34% dan kemandirian belajar berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap hasil belajar sebesar 32%. Sedangkan secara simultan lingkungan belajar, motivasi belajar dan kemandirian belajar berpengaruh positif dan signifikan secara bersama-sama terhadap hasil belajar matematika siswa kelas XI IPA SMAN 9 Pangkep dengan koefisien determinasi R2 = 0,50 yang berarti lingkungan belajar, motivasi belajar dan kemandirian belajar memberi pengaruh sebesar 50% terhadap hasil belajar matematika siswa kelas XI IPA SMAN 9 Pangkep.ÃÂ
Understanding the Nexus between Climate Change, the Shift in Land Use toward Cashew Production and Rural Food Security in Ghana; the Experiences of Farmers in the Transition Zone of Ghana
Authors: Adjei Victor , Anlimachie Moses Ackah , Ativi Eunice Elorm
Published: July 2020

This study summarises the findings from a study investigating rural small-holding farmers’ experiences on the shift from food crop to cashew in the forest/savanna transitional agro-ecological zone of Ghana and its impact on rural food security. Using a mix method approach, the study sampled the views of 400 farmers from 9 farming communities in the Wenchi Municipality of Ghana via questionnaire and semi-structured interview and collated statistical data on crop production to trace the nexus between climate change, agrarian land-use decisions and food security. The study found evidence of increasing shift from food crop to cashew production. This was evidenced by increasing cashew cultivation and cashew output and decreasing total land acreage for food crops and increasing food insecurity of farmers. The findings revealed that about 71% of farmers had expanded their cashew farms and another 41.0% have turned their food crops’ lands to cashew production. Besides cashew production, (57.0%) has overtaken the traditional food crop -maize (25.5%) production in terms of output.  Instructively, the study found that the main motivation for the shift from food crop to cashew production is not only to maximise income in bulk, but also climate change adaptability issues. The study found that the cashew crop is resilient in adapting to the changing climate and less prone to pests’ invasion compared to maize in the study District. The study found that food security among rural folks had been seriously compromised by the conversion of farmlands from food crop to cashew farming. Although, the study found that female farmers have higher consciousness to food security yet less motivated to shift from food crop to cashew crop production compared to men.  Worryingly, females are the hardest hit group because of their low ownership of or access to farmlands and low voices of women in farmland use decision making in a men-dominant rural extended family setting of the study District. The study concludes that climate change adaptability concern has introduced a new set of risks including crop failure due to changing rainfall pattern and increasing incidence of pest invasions forcing the rural folks to compromise innovative indigenous farming focus and practices that have helped them to navigate extreme food poverty. This study, therefore, argues for improved food crop seeds tailored to the specific climatic context and innovative farming practices that beef-up small-holding farmers’ capacity to navigate climate change to continually produce food crop to ensure rural food security and sustainability.
DISTANCE LEARNING AND OBSTACLES DURING COVID-19 OUTBREAK
Authors: Apriyanti Chusna
Published: July 2020

This paper aims to know the implementation of distance learning during COVID-19 cases in Pacitan and to find out the obstacles in handling distance learning in Pacitan. This is phenomenological research. The data were collected by using an online interview with parents. There were 48 parents of kindergarten and elementary school students as the sample. The researcher selected the sample by using simple random sampling. The results showed that there were five implementations of distance learning: doing worksheets from school (15 students), joining online class/online sources from the internet (7 students), completing the task from school (18 students), doing free activities without guidance (4 students), doing free activities with guidance (7 students). However, there were eight obstacles faced by parents in implementing distance learning: the parents could not focus to guide children in learning (4 respondents), the children could not focus to their learning (10 respondents), the children got boredom (4 respondents), the children did not want to learn (10 respondents), the children wanted to watch the television or play games (4 respondents), the children asked to go to school (3 respondents), the children could not do online learning (7 respondents), and the children had limited understanding related to the material (3 respondents).
KONSEP WALĀYAH MENURUT IBNU ‘AJĪBAH
Authors: Isnaini Subi Nur
Published: July 2020

يبحث هذا المقال عن مفهوم الولاية عند المفسر الصوفي ابن عجيبة من خلال كتابه البحر المديد في تفسير القرآن المجيد. يعتبر هذا الكتاب من المؤلفات التفسيرية الصوفية الت كتبها عالم صوفي مغرب. فمن هذه الدراسة البسيطة وجدت الباحثة أن ابن عجيية ق ّسم مفهوم الولاية عند الصوفيين إلى قسمين: الولاية العامة والولاية الخاصة. وإذا عزم السالك أو المريد في الحصول عل مقام الولاية فتتطلب منه ملازمة الشيخ الصوفي العارف بالل خاصة أثناء عملية كشفه للمقام من المقامات الصوفية. كما أشار ابن عجيبة في تفسيره عن قضية الكرامة الصوفية وعن الأشياء الخارقة للعادة أو الطبيعة الت حصل عليها ولي من أولياء الل والت تم الكشف عنها من خلال عرض قصص بعض أولياء الل. واستعمل ابن عجيبة العصمة للأنبياء والأولياء وسوى بينهما ولم ير الفرق في كونهما مصطفين من قبل الل تعالى، ولكنه يفرق بينهما في الوحي الذي ألقاه الل عليهما، فألقى الل وحي الأحكام عل الأنبياء ووحي الإلهام عل الأولياء.
PRINSIP DIFERENSIASI AL QUR’AN PERSPEKTIF MUHAMMAD SHAḤRŪR
Authors: Rofiq Ahmad Fajar
Published: July 2020

This research is a study of deconstruction carried out by Shahrur about key terms in the Qur'an. Among them are al-Kita>b, al-Qur’a>n, al-Dhikr, Tafs}i>l al-Kita>b and al-Furqa>n which terms are often simply equated. Whereas for Shah{ru>r these terms have substantial differences, both in terms of their characteristics and content. The problem finally led Shah{ru>r to do a reconstruction of these themes. Shaḥrūr argues that synonymy is merely a hoax in the sense that it can reduce concepts to each of the key terms in the Qur'an. Every word in the Qur'an will lose its content and depth. Therefore, by rejecting synonymy, Shaḥrūr has explored the key terms above which turned out to be different from what is understood by the mainstream Muslim community so far. The author finds that one of the differentiations made by Shah{ru>r is related to the distinction between al-Kitāb and al-Qur'ān, Shaḥrūr refers to verse tilka a>ya>t al-kita>b wa qur’a>nin mubi>nin. (Q.S al-Hijr : 1) The word qur'a> n which is interpreted in the word al-kita>b indicates that between al-kitab and al-qur'a>n are different. From the results of the study that has been done, the principle of Shaḥrūr differentiation has brought implications and significance to the building of the science of the Qur'an. Among them are the concepts of i'jāz, asbāb al-nuzūl, muhkam-mutashābih, and interpretive methodologies in understanding each theme in the Qur'an, because of different content of Qur’an
US AND IRAQI KURDS’ RELATIONS BETWEEN 1945 AND 2011: AN INTEREST-BASED POLICY - 1945 VE 2011 YILLARI ARASINDA ABD VE IRAKLI KÜRTLERIN ILIŞKILERI: ÇIKAR EKSENLI BIR POLITIKA
Authors: MERTEK Sefa
Published: July 2020

Although the US and Iraq relations have vital importance for the Middle East, little is known about relations between the US and Iraqi Kurds. Iraqi Kurds live in the Northern area of Iraq and throughout history, they have had an impact on both Iraq and the region. This article focuses on the US and Iraqi Kurds’ relations from the beginning to Arab Spring with the perspective of realism. Relations between the US and Iraqi Kurds were examined within three time periods, characterized by touchstone events in history, namely the Second World War, the Gulf War and the Iraq War. The relations between the US and Iraqi Kurds contribute considerably to our understanding of the balance of politics at the micro level in Iraq and the macro level in the region. This study investigates whether Iraqi Kurds can be gainful or the US. As a result, because of the US’ interest-based realism, the US is always gainful.
DIŞ BORÇ, İÇ BORÇ VE EKONOMİK BÜYÜME ARASINDAKİ İLİŞKİ: BRICS-TM ÜLKELERİ ÜZERİNE AMPİRİK BİR ANALİZ - THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN EXTERNAL DEBT, INTERNAL DEBT AND ECONOMIC GROWTH: AN EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS ON BRICS-TM COUNTRIES
Authors: EREN Mehmet Vahit
Published: July 2020

Özel kesim açığı, bütçe açığı ve cari açık, iç ve dış borçlanmanın temel nedenleri arasında yer almaktadır. Ülkelerin gelişmişlik farklarının azaltılmasında devlet piyasaya müdahale ederek, borçlanma yoluna gidebilmektedir. Bu nedenle, BRICS-TM ülkelerinin yüksek büyüme hızlarına sahip olmasında dış ve iç borçlanmanın varlığının araştırılması önem arz etmektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, BRICS-TM ülkelerinde 2000-2016 dönemine ait verilerle dış ve iç borç ile ekonomik büyüme arasındaki ilişkinin araştırılmasıdır. Araştırmanın ampirik analizi için panel veri analizi yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Analizden elde edilen bulgulara göre, dış ve iç borç ile ekonomik büyüme arasında eşbütünleşme ve nedensellik ilişkisi bulunamamıştır. Bu sonuçlar, BRICS-TM ülkelerinin yüksek büyüme oranlarına sahip olmasının iç ve dış borçlanma ile desteklenmediğini göstermektedir.
Cumhurbaşkanlığı Hükûmet Sisteminde Bütçe Hakkı ve Kanunu
Authors: AKBEY Ferhat
Published: July 2020

Türkiye, 24 Haziran 2018 Cumhurbaşkanlığı seçimi ile fiilen ve resmen Cumhurbaşkanlığı Hükûmet Sistemine geçmiştir. Yeni sistemde Merkezi Yönetim Bütçe Kanunu ve Kesinhesap Kanunu ancak Cumhurbaşkanınca Parlamentoya “teklif” edilebilmekte; lâkin ilginç biçimde yine Cumhurbaşkanının nihai onayına gitmektedir. Bu sistemde Cumhurbaşkanının siyasi parti genel başkanı olmasının önünde bir engel de bulunmadığından; sistem, Türkiye Büyük Millet Meclisi’nin bütçe hakkına ve ayrıca Cumhurbaşkanının da maliye politikası hakkına, olumsuz etkide bulunabilme potansiyeli taşımaktadır. Bütçede hükûmetin bölümler arası aktarma yetkisinin genişletilmesi, hatta bu süreçte Meclis’in sahip olduğu yetkinin Anayasal dayanağının ortadan kaldırılması ciddi bir risk teşkil etmektedir. Yine Meclis adına Cumhurbaşkanlığını denetleyen Sayıştay Başsavcısının Cumhurbaşkanınca atanması ve görev süresinin Cumhurbaşkanının süresi ile aynı olması, bütçe denetiminin “siyasallaşma” riskini beraberinde getirmektedir. Bu sistemde, Cumhurbaşkanı yürütmenin hem hukuki hem de fiili olarak başında bulunmaktadır. Yani maliye politikasının başarısından da Cumhurbaşkanı sorumludur. Oysa Meclis Bütçe Komisyonunun, Merkezi Yönetim Bütçesi üzerinde neredeyse sınırsız değişiklik yetkisine sahip olması ve yeni sistemde de Cumhurbaşkanının bütçe kanununu veto yetkisi olmaması, Cumhurbaşkanına ait maliye politikasının Meclis tarafından tıkanması tehlikesini de bünyesinde barındırmaktadır. Çalışmada, özellikle temsili demokrasi bağlamında Parlamentonun bütçe hakkı çerçevesinde, yeni hükûmet sisteminin bu potansiyel sorunları ele alınmış ve çözüm önerilerinde bulunulmuştur.
African Agency and EU-ACP Relations beyond the Cotonou Agreement
Authors: Hurt Stephen R
Published: July 2020

With the Cotonou Agreement due to expire in 2020, formal negotiations towards a new partnership agreement between the EU and African, Caribbean and Pacific (ACP) states began in September 2018. Based on the acceptance of the EU’s negotiating mandate, the new arrangement will be primarily organised via three specific regional protocols with each of the ACP regions. Meanwhile, the Joint Africa-EU Strategy (JAES) launched in 2007, has seen the African Union (AU) gain increased prominence as an institutional partner of the EU. Given its ambitious pan-African agenda, it adopted an alternative ‘African’ vision for future EU-ACP relations, to the mandate agreed by the ACP states and expressed a willingness to become directly involved in the negotiations. This article contributes an important new case-study to the existing literature on ‘African agency’ in international politics by considering the scope for Africa to exert agency within the post-Cotonou negotiations, given the negotiation of a specific regional compact with Africa. It adopts a structurally embedded view of agency, based on Cox’s understanding of historical structures, as a fit between institutions, ideas and material relations. The central argument is that, in comparison to the negotiation of the Cotonou Agreement two decades ago, there is greater scope for African agency. However, both the ideational and material aspects of Africa’s relationship with the EU, condition the limits to how effective such agency might be. Moreover, tensions at the institutional level between the ACP and AU further undermine the potential for effective African agency.
Towards a Functional Division of Labour in EU development cooperation post-2020.
Authors: Kugiel Patryk Jacek
Published: July 2020

Division of labour (DoL) was recognized as a priority in EU development cooperation policy a decade ago, but has lost importance in recent years. Though the Union still promotes joint programming for better aid coordination, other EU interests took precedence. This reflects general trend of instrumentalisation of European development cooperation, which is less focused on traditional goals like poverty eradication or aid effectiveness but serves more political, security, and economic self-interests. This paper traces the evolution of the European approach to DoL and highlights the major reasons for its limited successes. It claims that among most important ones was the imprecise and inadequate description of the EU’s own comparative advantage and added value. The main aim of this analysis is to propose the concept functional DoL in which the European institutions focus development assistance more on the regional level while leaving national programmes to the Member States. This would better utilise the Union’s unique expertise and help in more strategic allocation of EU aid. Though such a radical shift seems improbable in the short term for reasons including vested interests and path dependency, the EU can already start refocusing on regional development-cooperation programmes. This would be in line with EU external policy goals and allow it to boost regional cooperation while competing with emerging donors like China.
Paradigm Shift or Reinventing the Wheel? Towards a Research Agenda on Change and Continuity in EU Development Policy
Authors: Delputte Sarah , Orbie Jan
Published: July 2020

While policy and academic discourses point to important shifts in EU development policy, it remains difficult to ascertain the level of these changes. The main aim of this article is to propose a research agenda on change and continuity in EU development policy. Drawing on the literatures on paradigm change and post-development, this involves four key questions for future research: (1) How can we map the EU’s current paradigm? (2) How can we map changes and continuities in this regard? (3) How can we explain changes and continuities? (4) What role do policy experiments play in this regard? In addressing these four questions, the article pays particular attention to what we already know from existing literature and to what issues could guide future research. We highlight that ostensibly significant changes are often ‘merely’ second order changes that do not challenge underlying philosophical ideas of the Eurocentric, modernist and colonial paradigm. Specifically, we point at the importance of studying whether policy experiments ‘reinvent’ this paradigm or induce paradigmatic change. In the conclusions, we summarize the research agenda and reflect on the need of a better acknowledgement of the ‘PlEUriverse’ of alternatives to ‘development’ within Europe.
RANCANG BANGUN SISTEM INFORMASI KEPEGAWAIAN BERBASIS JAVA STUDI KASUS KANTOR KELURAHAN BUARAN INDAH
Authors: Nurnaningsih Desi , Aifadnan Angger
Published: July 2020

Buaran Indah urban village office located in Tangerang district, Tangerang City. Personnel data processing system that is running at Buaran Indah village office has not been computerized. This has an impact on data retrieval process which takes longer time. So to overcome this it is necessary information system personnel who can overcome the existing problems in order to present personnel information quickly and accurately. This research uses prototype method and system design is implemented with Unified Modeling Language (UML). The expected final result is that the proposed personnel information system can overcome the existing problems on the current system, including more leverage in the process of data processing employees and payroll calculations that require a high level of accuracy and ease in preparing reports and search personnel data. With this research is expected to help Buaran Indah village office to manage personnel data.
RANCANG BANGUN SISTEM INFORMASI KEPEGAWAIAN CUTI KARYAWAN DI PT. COLORPAK INDONESIA, TBK BERBASIS WEB
Authors: Handayani Nurdiana , Suprapto Dicky
Published: July 2020

Specialized information systems in personnel data are a matter of special concern. This is related to the ease and effectiveness in the processing of employee data such as employee data entry, employee data editing, employee data search, employee data report either on screen or printed on paper, especially in employee information system Employee leave. Management of personnel information system employee leave at PT. Colorpak Indonesia, Tbk which is still less than the maximum, such as the employee must fill the form of leave and wait for approval of the boss and less accuracy of the amount of employee leave balance. So to overcome it required personnel information system employee leave better than the previous system in order to present employee personnel leave information complete and simplify in knowing the amount of leave used and employee leave balance. This research uses waterfall method and system design is implemented with Diagram Unified Modeling Language (UML). The expected final result is that the employee-based employee leave information system can overcome the system problems that run more leverage in the process of submission and employee leave employment approval, employee reporting reports employee leave and employee employee leave data searching easier. With this research is expected to help PT. Colorpak Indonesia, Tbk especially Human Resource division to develop staffing information system employee leave.
Analisis dan Desain Sistem Informasi Pengolahan Nilai Siswa di SMK Avicena Rajeg
Authors: Rohmat Taufiq , Pertiwi Desty Dwi
Published: July 2020

Perkembangan teknologi informasi sekarang semakin berkembang pesat di segala bidang sehingga banyak perusahaan dan instansi-instansi terus berusaha meningkatkan pengolahan data yang lebih efektif dan efisien guna menunjang produktifitas kerja. Di SMK Avicena Rajeg pengolahan nilai masih menggunakan Microsoft Excel dan belum menggunakan aplikasi khusus. Menganalisa sistem informasi pengolahan nilai pada SMK Avicena Rajeg merupakan sarana untuk menunjang kinerja para wali kelas dan guru. Metode yang digunakan penulis meliputi metode wawancara, metode observasi, metode kepustakaan dan Unified Modeling Language (UML) untuk mendeskripsikan model sistem yang berjalan dan sistem usulan. Berdasarkan permasalahan yang ada, hasil dari pembahasaan pengolahan data nilai siswa belum dilihat secara online sedangkan fasilitas jaringan komputer sudah cukup baik. Penulis menyarankan perlu dilakukan evaluasi secara berkala, dibuatnya sebuah sistem dengan menggunakan bahasa pemrograman PHP dan server database MySql, agar data terjamin keamanannya serta meminimalisir kesalahan dalam pendataan
Entomopatojen fungusların Acanthoscelides obtectus (Say) (Col.: Chrysomelidae)’un ergin ölümlerine etkileri
Authors: ALTINOK Hacer Handan , ALTINOK Mahmut Alper
Published: July 2020

İki entomopatojen fungus (EPF) izolatı, Lecanicillium muscarium (ARSEF-972) ve Isaria farinosa (ARSEF-3580) Acanthoscelides obtectus (Say) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) ergin bireyleri üzerinde denenmiştir. Her iki EPF’nin de 1x107 spor konsantrasyonuna ayarlı süspansiyonları kullanılmıştır. Uygulamalar, besin verilen ve verilmeyen bireylere yapılmıştır. Ölümler 12 saat periyotunda kaydedilmiş ve denemelerdeki tüm böcekler ölünceye kadar sayımlar sürdürülmüştür. Her iki izolata ait tekerrürlerde, hayatta kalan ortalama birey sayıları besinli ve besinsiz setlerde yaklaşık 84-96. saatten itibaren istatistiki farklılık göstermeye başlamıştır. Besin verilen grupta L. muscarium için kontrole göre düzeltilmiş ölüm oranları 9. günde %81.5 olarak kaydedilmiştir. I. farinosa izolatı A. obtectus’a karşı görece zayıf bir etki göstermiş ve %83.3 ölüm oranına ancak 11. günde ulaşabilmiştir. L. muscarium izolatı, A. obtectus erginlerinin mikrobiyal kontrolünde daha başarılı bulunmuştur.