bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
بابُ الفِعْلِ مِن كتاب ( شَـرْحُ الكَـافِيـةِ للعَلّامةِ جَلَالِ الدِّينِ مُحَمَّدٍ بن يُوسف الحلوائي السَّرائِي التَّبريزيّ (ت 838هـ)
Authors: مصلح المجمعي خير الله خميس , بهلول الجبوري نافع علوان , عليوي الجبوري موفّق حسين
Published: May 2024

اللغةُ العربيةُ بَحْرٌ عُبَابٌ، ومَنْهَلٌ فَيَّاضٌ واسِعٌ بِلا ارْتِيَابٍ، ومِنْ عُلُومِهَا عِلْمُ النَّحْوِ، فهو الأصْلُ الأصيلُ الذي بِمُرَاعاتهِ تَنْفَتِحُ المُغْلَقاتُ، وتَنْكَشِفُ الخَبايا وتَنْحَلُّ العَوِيصَاتُ، فَبِهَا يَصِلُ المَرْءُ إلى مَعْرِفَةِ أسرارِ القرآنِ الكريمِ، ومعرفةِ حقيقةِ ما أمرَ اللهُ به Y وأرَاد.
ولِمَا رأيتُ أنَّ منْ أهمِّ أسبابِ ضَعْفِ اللغةِ عندنَا هو كونُ عبارةِ العلماءِ شديدٌ حَبْكُهَا، مختصرٌ موجزٌ مسبوكٌ لفْظُهَا، وعن أذهانِ جُلِّ الطالبين بعيدٌ فَهْمُهَا، ناهيكَ عن ضَعْفِ الهِمَمِ والعَزائمِ، فكان سبباً في انصرافِ الناشئة عن النحو وتعلمه، فزَهِدَ فيه من لم يكن له فيه باعٌ ولا ذراعٌ، ممّا جعلني اكتبُ في علم النحو، عسى أن أَخْدُمَ أمَّة الإسلام علماءً وطلاباً بما مكنِّي الله فيهِ، ثم إنَّ من جهابذة النحو البارزين العلامة ابن الحاجب، ومن جملة ما نفعنا به كتابه الماتع: ( شرح الكافية في النحو) رصينةٌ عباراتهُ، مختصرةٌ ألفاظهُ، نفيسةٌ تحقيقاتهُ، تناوَلَهُ العلماءُ ودَرَسوهُ ودَرَّسوهُ، وكان ممن فتح مغلقاته، ومهَّد عباراته لكل طالب علم  للعلوم مستقٍ، الإمام العلَّامة جلال الدين محمد بن يوسف الحلوائي التبريزي في كتابِهِ الموسوم (( شرح الكافية للعلامة جلال الدين محمد بن يوسف الحلوائي السرائي التبريزي ت 838ه)) الذي حلَّ فيه الألفاظَ، وذَلَّلَ فيه العباراتِ، وفتَحَ المُغْلقَاتِ، وحقَّقَ فيه المسائلَ، فَصَحَّحَ ورَجَّحَ وأَعْرَبَ وَأَوْضَحَ، وكشفَ عنْ خَفِيِّ العِباراتِ والتراكيبِ التي يَعْسُرُ على الدارسِ فَهْمُهَا، ويَلْتَوي عَلَيهِ وعْيُهَا وإدراكُهَا، وشَرَحَ ما فيهِ مِن أمثلةٍ وشواهدَ، وأجْمَلَ معانيها، وذكر إعرابَ الغامضِ مِنَها، فكان تحقيق (باب الفِعْلِ) منه موضوع دراستي في هذا البحث، وقد ضمنت الدراسة فيه بالآتي:

الترجمة للماتن ( ابن الحاجب).
الترجمة للشارح ( جلال الدين محمد بن يوسف الحلوائي التبريزي).
نسخ النص بحسب ماورد في المخطوط (باب الفِعْلِ فقط).
وصف النسخ الخطية.
تحقيق النص وفق الضوابط الأصولية للتحقيق العلمي.
التطور التنظيمي والسياسي لحزب العدالة والتنمية المغربي 1999-2002
Authors: محمود الكروي سعد حافظ , حمد الدليمي ثامر عزام
Published: May 2024

يسعى هذا البحث إلى تسليط الضوء على التطور التنظيمي والسياسي في عمل حزب العدالة والتنمية المغربي، خلال المدة (1999-2002) إذ شكلت المشاركة السياسية لحزب العدالة والتنمية اهمية كبيرة في برامج الحزب فقد كانت اول مشاركة سياسية شارك فيها الحزب في العملية السياسية المغربية عام 1997 وذلك من خلال مشاركته في الانتخابات التشريعية التي اجريت في14/تشرين الثاني/1997، وقد حصل فيها الحزب على تسعة مقاعد مكنته من دخول البرلمان وكانت تلك المشاركة باسم حزب الحركة الشعبية الدستورية الديمقراطية، ونتيجة التشابه في اسماء الأحزاب السياسية المغربية فقد قرر حزب العدالة والتنمية عقد مؤتمره الرابع عام 1999 من اجل اختيار اسم جديد للحزب ليمكنه من ممارسة عمله السياسي داخل الساحة السياسية المغربية.
اختار الحزب اسم العدالة والتنمية من الشعار الذي شارك به في الانتخابات التشريعية لعام 1997، وبعد اجراء الانتخابات الجزئية عام 1999 وتمكن الحزب من زيادة عدد مقاعده والتي مكنته من تشكيل فريق برلماني داخل مجلس النواب، لذا قرر الحزب الانتقال إلى صفوف المعارضة بعد ان كان من ضمن الأحزاب السياسية التي ساندت حكومة التناوب، فضلاً عن الدور الذي قدمه الحزب داخل البرلمان بعد انتقاله إلى المعارضة البرلمانية عام 2000.
أثر المعاهدات الدولية على الأوضاع الاقتصادية والاجتماعية في الجزائر (1671- 1830م)
Authors: خلف منال بدر , حميد رائد سامي , خضر عواد إبراهيم
Published: May 2024

تمكنت الجزائر بفضل موافقتها على عقد المعاهدات مع الدول الأوربية والأجنبية بان تكون قوة لا يستهان بها من خلال ما حققته من سيطرة على البحر المتوسط وفرض إتاوات على الدول الأوربية والأجنبية إذ تمكنت الجزائر أن توقف الاعتداءات عليها بموجب الإتاوات التي أخذتها من السفن الأوربية المارة في البحر المتوسط .
    وعلى الرغم من تطور العلاقات بين الجزائر والدول الأوربية إلاَّ أنها لم توقف الهجمات المتكررة على السفن الأوربية، فعملت تلك الدول على إقامة التحالفات بينها لردع النشاط البحري الجزائري وأخذت نوع من الحرية التجارية لدخول البحر المتوسط.
دور المرأة في دعم الاستقرار الاجتماعي والاقتصادي في ولاية كاليفورنيا اثناء حمى الذهب 1848-1867.
Authors: يوسف ضحى ثامر , محمود ادريس حردان
Published: May 2024

في جانب الرجل هي المرأة دائما، فقد رافقته في هجرته الاولى نحو العالم الجديد لتحقيق احلام بالعيش في عالم تسوده الفرص الاقتصادي ويتمتع بسعة الارض وحرية المعتقد والتعبير والعيش بسلام . هي تلك احلام  من هاجر الى الامريكيتين ، ثم تعددت السنين حتى اصبحت قرونا ، لتاتي فرص جديدة غنية بما حملت من كنوز الارض بثرواتها الطبيعية المعطاء ، فكانت  تلك هي  كاليفورنيا التي نفضت غبار الحروب واعلنت استقلالها تحت العلم الامريكي الفيدرالي .
     لقد اخذت  كاليفورنيا وقفة في سجل التاريخ في عام 1848 ، ليبتسم لها الحض وتبدأ تاريخها الاقتصادي الحافل بالعطاء بمعول مهاجر اجنبي اكتشف الذهب فيها  لتنطلق هجرات داخلية من الشرق الامريكي لتقطع الالف الكيلومترات برا والاف الاميال البحرية لتصل الى ارض الاحلام. تلك الرحالات كانت المرأة مصاحبة للرجل في بداية الهجرات بأعداد قليلة لكنها سرعان ما ازدادت واصبحت بنية اجتماعية ترفد الرجل بالدعم الاقتصادي وبإبداع منقطع النظير .
   لقد صاحب تلك الرحلات توسع في هجرة النساء من الداخل والخارج لتتعد الاصول الاجتماعية للمرأة في كاليفورنيا ذلك التعدد كان سببا في سعة البناء الاجتماعي والاخلاقي للمرأة في مجال حيوي فيه المال اصبح سيدا يتحكم في العيش والبقاء ولكنه من جانب اخر اسهم في تمزق الاطار الاجتماعي للشرق الامريكي بما يحمله من صورة ماطرة بالمسيحية البروتستانتية وبعضها كاثوليكية محافظتين .
 
    قسم البحث الى مقدمة بينت اهمية الموضوع . وثلاثة مباحي المبحث الاول : تقديم تاريخي لاكتشاف الذهب في كاليفورنيا 1848، بينما كان  المبحث الثاني : دور المرأة  الاجتماعي والاقتصادي في  رحلات الكشف عن ذهب كاليفورنيا 1848- 1850.اما المبحث الثالث : فتتبع  محاولات ضبط السلوك الاجتماعي للمرأة المهاجرة الى كاليفورنيا  1848-1855.   ليختتم بخاتمة تضمن اهم النتائج بأسلوب تحليلي تاريخي . وقائمة بأهم الهوامش والتعليقات ، ثم قائمة المصادر المستخدمة .
أثر استراتيجية SWOT في تنمية الثقة بالنفس عند طلاب الصف الخامس الأدبي في مادة مبادى الفلسفة وعلم النفس
Authors: عبد يونس غانم , عبدالله اسعد حمود
Published: May 2024

هدفَ البحث التعرف على أُثر استراتيجية SWOT في تنمية الثقة بالنفس عند طلاب الصف الخامس الأدبي في مادة مبادى الفلسفة وعلم النفس وفي ضوء هدف البحث وضع الباحثان فرضية(صفرية واحدة , اعتمد الباحثان على التصميم التجريبي ذي الضبط الجزئي لمجموعتي التجريبية والضابطة . تكونت عينة البحث من مجموعتين التجريبية (ب) التي ستُدرس وفق استراتيجية SWOT, بواقع (31) طالباً, في حين شعبة (أ) المجموعة الضابطة تدرس وفق الطريقة الاعتيادية, بواقع (29) طالباً, وأجرى الباحثان تكافؤاً بين مجموعتي البحث في المُتغيّرات الآتية : (العمر الزمني محسوباً بالشهور, المستوى الدراسي للآباء, المستوى الدراسي للأمهات, المعدل العام للعام الدراسي السابق , اختبار الذكاء) . صاغ الباحثان الأهداف السلوكية للموضوعات موزعة على المستويات الاربعة الأولى  لبلوم وأعدَ الباحثان (30) خطة تدريسية لتدريس مجموعتي البحث, بواقع (15) خطة لكل مجموعة وعرضَ اثنين منها على نخبة من المحكمين لمعرفة صلاحيتها وملاءمتها لطلاب الصف الخامس الأدبي .وأعدَ الباحثان أداة للبحث, إذ تمثلت  بمقياس الثقة بالنفس الذي طبق قبل وبعد التجربة, تكّون الاختبار من (36) فقرة, وتأكدَ الباحثان من صدقهِ وثباتهِ ومستوى صعوبة فقراتهِ, وقوة تمييز فقراتهِ, وفاعلية بدائلهِ غير الصحيحة, وبعد تطبيقَ المقياس تفوقت المجموعة التجريبية على المجموعة الضابطة في مقياس الثقة بالنفس.
The Role of Multisensory Approach in Teaching Writing to EFL Intermediate School students
Authors: Ghaleb Noor Arkan , Majeed Nahida Taha
Published: May 2024

Multisensory education including the human senses as much as possible in order to improve awareness, attention and memory. It is a very popular approach for students who have difficulty in learning. The method combines several senses such as, hearing, seeing, speaking, perceiving, and involve simultaneously the teaching structure, and new information into ideas that the students already know and understand by performing different types of activities.
         There are some basic techniques, instructional steps, and strategies that motivate students, hold their attention, enable them to understand new information, and remember and review it later.
The Rhetorical Difficulties of Teaching English Novel to the Third Grade from the Instructors and Students' Perspectives
Authors: Mohammed Najat Abdullah , Sultan Amra Ibrahim
Published: May 2024

This study aims at revealing the rhetorical difficulties of teaching English novel to the third grade from the instructors and students' perspectives at the Universities of Tikrit and Kirkuk.

Identifying the rhetorical difficulties and the problems that face Third grade students in the English Departments in Colleges of Education for Humanities at Tikrit and Kirkuk Universities in teaching English novel from instructors' and students' perspectives.

      In order to achieve the aims of the study certain procedures have been followed: The population are 161 undergraduate EFL students, in the third year of English Departments, Colleges of Education for Humanities of Tikrit and Kirkuk, the sample is 65 students, whereas the population of instructors are 25 who teach third year students English literature at both Colleges of Education Tikrit and Kirkuk Universitie    The instrument is a questionnaire for both teachers and students. First questionnaire has been constructed and distributed to the teachers who are teaching English novel to third year students of English Department in the Colleges of Education for humanities at Tikrit and Kirkuk Universities, to find out the nature of the difficulties that face teachers in teaching novel. Then the questionnaire has been constructed and distributed to the third year students of English Department in the Colleges of Education at Tikrit and Kirkuk Universities. The teachers  questionnaire contains (50) items, to be answered by English novel teachers, while the questionnaire of students contains (20) items, to be answered by the third year students.             
The novels that are included in the questionnaire are :

"Wuthering Heights" by      Emily Bronte
"Great Expectations" by      Charles Dickens

      The face and the content validity of the questionnaire have been ascertained. It has been submitted to a jury of ten experts in English language . The  questionnaire has been applied to (15)teachers in English departments at the Colleges of Education for Humanities  at Tikrit and Kirkuk Universities. Through the analysis of the results of the two questionnaire. It has been found out that the students face many rhetorical difficulties in studying novel and these difficulties can be categorized into two kinds:
1.Difficulty in understanding rhetorical.  

Difficulty in teaching a rhetorical devices.

        After the analysis of the results of the current study. It is recommended and concluded that rhetorical aspect of novel should be concentrated , explained , analyzed to students .
The Culture of Complementary Feeding Practice Among Stunting in Toddlers Aged Under 24 Months
Authors: Suminar Ratna , Fatimah Siti , Karim Fatmawati
Published: May 2024

This systematic review examined the relationship between complementary feeding practices and the prevalence of stunting among children under 24 months. Drawing on a diverse range of studies, in the last 10 years (2013-2023) the review investigated the local cultural conditions, and complementary feeding practices factors influencing stunting. Methods involved synthesizing data from various contexts to identify patterns and associations between the culture, complementary feeding practices, and stunting prevalence. This study carried out a systematic review of journals using two academic databases (PubMed, and Google Scholar) with a publication range from 2013 to 2023. The journal-reviewed guidelines used Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines. Results revealed a significant relationship between the local cultural conditions, complementary feeding, and the impact of stunting on child development. This study found 10 studies exploring the relationship between the local cultural conditions, complementary feeding, and the prevalence of stunting among children under 24 months in the last 10 years. The review underscored the need for interventions targeting cultural determinants of stunting and complementary feeding. In conclusion, this systematic review of 10 journals explored the relationship between the local cultural conditions, complementary feeding practices, and the prevalence of stunting among children under two years old in the last 10 years offers. The study elucidated the multifaceted nature of stunting, influenced by cultural beliefs, and complementary feeding practices. The findings emphasized the importance of culturally sensitive interventions aimed at educating parents on proper complementary feeding practices to prevent stunting, particularly in communities where cultural beliefs shape complementary feeding habits. In addition, this observation underscored the importance of addressing contextual factors such as the mother's knowledge of complementary feeding, and the food diversity given, so that there are no food taboos whose nutrients the child's body needs for growth the time to start complementary feeding, and hygiene during complementary feeding processing. It is necessary to emphasize sensitive interventions in solving the stunting problem so that stunting can be resolved comprehensively.
ODREĐENI ASPEKTI PREKRŠAJNOPRAVNE ZAŠTITE POTROŠAČA
Authors: Vukušić Ivan , Kanceljak Ivana
Published: May 2024

The paper deals with certain aspects of consumer protection under misdemeanour law in the Croatian law. In general, consumer protection in the Croatian law is achieved through different legal sources and several different consumer protection mechanisms. By analysing these regulations and methods of consumer protection, one tries to conclude on the adequacy of consumer protection through misdemeanour sanctions, bearing in mind the protected legal good and the purpose of sanctions. The paper is based on the fact that the general norms of misdemeanour law derive from the Misdemeanour Act and that the goal is to investigate the peculiarities deviating from the existing regulation. The research reveals some specificities and distinctive features of misdemeanour sanctions and misdemeanour proceedings aimed at protecting consumers. Firstly, the focus of protection is on the consumer, who is not uniformly defined in all regulations that foresee misdemeanours. Furthermore, the permissibility of protecting certain legal interests (life, health) by misdemeanour regulations that govern consumer protection is analysed. Additionally, attention is drawn to the shortcomings of the existing framework of misdemeanour sanctions, arising from the implementation of various directives and other European sources aimed at protecting consumers that aim to introduce effective, appropriate, proportional, and deterrent sanctions into national law. Further harmonisation of the sanction framework has been achieved through the recent transposition of Directive (EU) 2019/2161, which introduces new criteria for determining sanctions. It also emphasises the application of the non bis in idem principle, which is relevant to national law. Additionally, as a special feature of misdemeanour consumer protection, the principle of opportunity has been analysed in the study.
Tendência da mortalidade por câncer de pele em idosos do nordeste brasileiro, 2000-2020
Authors: Azevedo Breno , Araujo Brinia Dantas de , Feitosa Samanta Barbosa , Felix Lisiane Lima , Campos Paulo Isaac de Souza , Barboza Maria Thereza Vieira , Figueirêdo Bárbara Bernardo , Morais Sheila Coelho Ramalho Vasconcelos
Published: May 2024

Objetivo: Analisar a tendência temporal e a distribuição espacial da mortalidade por câncer de pele em idosos (≥60 anos) da região do Nordeste brasileiro. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo ecológico realizado com base nos registros no Atlas online de mortalidade do Instituto Nacional do Câncer, no período de 2000 a 2020. Foi verificado a distribuição espacial nos estados do nordeste e utilizado técnica estatística de regressão linear simples.  Resultados Foram registradas 2.400 mortes por melanoma maligno da pele (C43) e 8.118 óbitos por outras neoplasias malignas da pele (C44). A maior taxa de mortalidade foi na Bahia, Ceará, Pernambuco e Paraíba.  Houve uma tendência de mortalidade crescente em idosos em todas as faixas etárias (p<0,001). Conclusão: Este estudo permitiu conhecer os padrões temporais da mortalidade por câncer de pele em idosos dos nove estados do nordeste. Pode-se observar uma maior tendência de mortalidade em indivíduos com mais de 80 anos.
Óbitos por neoplasia maligna de olhos e anexos na região amazônica de 2013 a 2023
Authors: Silva João Marcos Rodrigues , Tozzatti Paula Renata Caluff
Published: May 2024

Objetivo: Traçar o perfil epidemiológico óbitos por neoplasias malignas de olhos e anexos na região amazônica de 2013 a 2023. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo epidemiológico, retrospectivo, longitudinal, de caráter exploratório e analítico, além de ser quantitativa, com coleta de dados do Departamento de Informática do Sistema Único de Saúde (DATASUS/SIH) entre os anos de 2013-2023. Resultados: Na região da Amazônia Legal de 2013 a 2023 foram confirmados 100 casos de óbitos por NMOA. O maior número de casos ocorreu em homens com 59 (59%) mortes no período. A raça parda também lidera com 81 (81%) óbitos. De acordo com a faixa etária, o número de registro prevaleceu nos extremos de idade, sendo 37 (37%) em crianças de 1 a 9 anos e 16 (16%) em maiores de 80 anos. Em relação a distribuição, a maior incidência ocorreu no Estado do Pará com 44 (44%) óbitos no período. Conclusão: Infere-se que o Pará foi o Estado que mais apresentou óbitos por NMOA. O perfil epidemiológico desses pacientes mostrou maior acometimento do sexo masculino, raça parda e extremos de idade.
PECULIARITIES OF THE FOREIGN EXCHANGE MARKET FUNCTIONING IN UKRAINE IN THE CONTEXT OF ECONOMIC UNCERTAINTY
Authors: Synenko Vasyl
Published: May 2024

In the era of globalization and the advancement of information technology, Ukraine’s foreign exchange market encounters economic uncertainty, particularly amid efforts to overcome the repercussions of the COVID-19 pandemic and the challenges posed by a full-scale armed invasion by Russia. This situation introduces a range of short-term and long-term obstacles, notably disrupting established trade routes and supply chains, impacting the balance of imports and exports, and placing significant strain on the foreign exchange market among other areas. This article aims to analyze the current peculiarities of the domestic foreign exchange market’s operation amidst economic uncertainty, focusing on the impact of governmental and regulatory actions on its dynamics, especially throughout 2022-2023. It delves into the regulatory measures enacted to stabilize the foreign exchange market under martial law conditions. The National Bank of Ukraine (NBU) has implemented several countermeasures in response to these challenges, including covering 37% of the currency supply, which resulted in a reduction in daily transactions and an enhanced role in market equilibrium. The measures also include restrictions on capital transactions and the facilitation of international assistance to satisfy foreign exchange demands. The future outlook of the foreign exchange market is contingent upon economic recuperation, foreign investments, macroeconomic policies, geopolitical risks, and regulatory frameworks. The significance of domestic reforms and international support is underscored as pivotal. It is also noted that global economic tendencies will influence Ukraine’s foreign exchange market in the aftermath of the conflict. This study is aimed at providing insights for professional analysts of the foreign exchange market, governmental bodies, and international financial institutions. Future investigations will explore the implications of the NBU’s policies on the foreign exchange market and their potential to foster economic recovery in Ukraine amidst prevailing challenges and threats.
MATHEMATICAL METHODS AND INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES IN BANKING
Authors: Hrabarev Andrii , Mozgalli Olga , Baraniuk Mykhailo
Published: May 2024

The article explores decision-making information technologies in the banking sector utilizing mathematical methods. It delves into the optimal management decision-making tasks and presents a classification of decision support methods used within the banking industry. The study considers methods from fuzzy logic theory and inductive modeling, along with approaches to linguistic terms and the creation of fuzzy knowledge sets for decision-making and choice problems in banking. To simplify complex decision-making problems, strategies such as problem decomposition into simpler subsets, altering the model’s structural hierarchy, aggregation, and identifying reference situations with predetermined solutions are employed. A fuzzy model of the subject matter is developed, focusing on the phasization of variables–identifying linguistic assessments of variables and the membership functions necessary for their formalization. The introduction of rule weights in the fuzzy knowledge base reflects varying levels of confidence in the data, emphasizing the expert’s trust in each selected rule for decision-making. The formation of a general fuzzy knowledge base is detailed. The study validates the efficiency of utilizing neural network learning methods to adjust the parameters of a fuzzy model based on real data. This approach automates the process, significantly reducing both development time and costs while optimizing system parameters. This feature is particularly critical for economic problem-solving, notably in banking support activities, where the rapid pace of changes necessitates constant adaptation of membership functions to the dynamic conditions of the banking system.
THE IMPACT OF CYBERCRIME RISK ON TECHNOLOGICAL COMPANIES’ ACTIVITIES
Authors: Ostapets Anton , Parasii-Verhunenko Iryna
Published: May 2024

The article investigates the impact of cybercrime risks on technological enterprises’ operations, highlighting the substantial losses incurred due to cyberattacks on computer systems, infrastructure, and personal data storage. It justifies considering cybercrime as a distinct risk factor and emphasizes the importance of analyzing and controlling this risk alongside others. The concept of «cybercrime» and «cybercriminal» is clarified based on Ukrainian, European, American, and global legislative perspectives. The article discusses how cybercrime risk influences enterprise activities and the relevance of managing this risk within business entities’ risk management processes. It suggests integrating this risk into the risk classification of technological enterprises, particularly in the IT sector. Additionally, the article examines the financial losses incurred by business entities as victims of major cybercrimes and classifies risks associated with cybercrime based on their impact on physical and legal entities. It proposes identifying key types of crimes that can cause significant losses to legal entities. The analysis and synthesis of related research underscore the importance of prioritizing cybercrime risks in the risk management processes of technological enterprises, including those in the IT industry. The practical value of the article lies in familiarizing readers with cybercrime and its primary types, emphasizing the significance of analyzing and controlling associated risks.
DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION OF AGRICULTURAL ENTERPRISES WITH THE HELP OF ERP SYSTEMS
Authors: Pryshliak Katerina , Semenenko Yurii , Buyak Liliya
Published: May 2024

The modern economy is evolving rapidly, primarily driven by novel approaches to generating, transmitting, storing, managing, and analyzing information, transforming it into a highly influential factor on companies’ efficiency. Digital technologies stand as one of the most potent forces driving the global economy, revolutionizing the societal development paradigm. They diminish economic growth’s dependency on a country’s natural resources, workforce size, capital, and other extensive factors characterized by high entropy, i.e., chaotic dispersion. Digital technologies are significantly impacting the development of agricultural enterprises. In today’s fast-changing world, the adoption of digital tools is not just a necessity but a key factor for success. Agricultural enterprises that adeptly deploy these technologies can enhance their production processes, increase yields and product quality, and manage resources more effectively. Digital solutions enable agricultural enterprises to more effectively interact with the market, leveraging analytics to predict demand and manage supply chains. They foster the creation of innovative business models, such as agro-tourism development or the implementation of agro-ecological production principles. Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) systems allow agricultural enterprises to streamline operations, ensuring efficient resource use, timely stock replenishment, and cost control. Automating many routine tasks that previously required significant effort and time, these systems free up human resources for more critical tasks. ERP systems aid in managing the complexity of agricultural operations by consolidating all business aspects into one system. This enhances coordination between departments, ensures data accuracy, and minimizes the risk of errors. The paramount advantage of ERP systems lies in providing a comprehensive and integrated platform for strategic decision-making, allowing management to analyze real-time data and make informed decisions swiftly. This contributes to the enhanced efficiency and competitiveness of the enterprise. In summary, the adoption of digital technologies, like ERP systems, profoundly influences agricultural enterprises. These technologies optimize production processes, improve resource management, elevate product quality, and bolster resilience to external challenges. Digital tools empower agricultural enterprises to remain competitive, adaptive, and sustain growth in the contemporary economic landscape.
STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT OF INVESTMENT ACTIVITIES IN SOLID HOUSEHOLD WASTE PROCESSING ENTERPRISES
Authors: Rudachenko Olha , Isaienko Oleksii
Published: May 2024

The article demonstrates that Ukraine faces significant challenges in the management of solid household waste. These issues include the absence of a clear waste disposal strategy and insufficient attention to environmental safety. Most landfills in Ukraine fail to meet safety standards and environmental norms, posing a threat to the surrounding environment. Effective resolution of these problems involves the implementation of advanced solid household waste processing technologies and the improvement of waste management systems to ensure sustainable resource utilization and reduce negative environmental impact. The prospects for the development of enterprises involved in solid household waste processing are discussed, including societal awareness of environmental pollution issues and the need for protection, legislative initiatives aimed at reducing waste volumes, and technological progress enabling the creation of new products from recycled waste while minimizing environmental impact. It is argued that the development of this sector can stimulate investments and contribute to the creation of new jobs in the environmental economy. It is argued that effective strategic management of investment activities in enterprises dealing with solid household waste processing is a crucial factor in their successful development and achieving competitive advantage in the market. It is demonstrated that based on the analysis of the enterprise’s needs and opportunities, an investment strategy should be developed to align with strategic goals and enhance its competitiveness. This strategy involves optimal resource utilization to ensure sustainable development and maximize financial results. The main stages of developing and implementing the investment management strategy in enterprises dealing with solid household waste processing include market and needs analysis, selection of investment directions, evaluation of investment projects, development of an investment plan, implementation of investment projects, monitoring and control, evaluation of results, and strategy adjustment. It is proposed that for maximum effectiveness, these stages of the strategy should be implemented comprehensively.
THE NEEDS OF UKRAINE’S ECONOMIC SECTORS FOR FOREIGN INVESTMENTS IN LIGHT OF THE DAMAGES CAUSED BY THE WAR
Authors: Druz Veniamin , Shulyk Yuliia
Published: May 2024

The article explores the economic repercussions of the conflict between Ukraine and Russia, focusing on the damage inflicted and the subsequent need for recovery. It identifies the most impacted sectors – residentialconstruction, industry, logistics, and education – as a not only requiring significant aid but also presenting attractive investment opportunities. The analysis extends to potential investment avenues across these sectors, emphasizing the importance of foreign aid and strategic government intervention to secure foreign investment. Infrastructure, particularly housing, is pinpointed as a critical area for investment to support the return of refugees and internally displaced persons in the post-war period. Despite considerable losses, the industrial and trade sectors, including the military-industrial complex, logistics, and education, are highlighted for their investment potential. The energy sector, deemed strategically crucial, faces challenges from mine-infested territories and the European Union’s ambitious renewable energy targets. Yet, it retains its competitiveness and ability to attract investments amidst the conflict. The article calls attention to significant obstacles, such as the dependency on fossil fuels and the need to align with the EU’s renewable energy ambitions.
IT SECTOR TAXATION IN UKRAINE: FEATURES AND CURRENT TRENDS
Authors: Mamontova Nataliya , Tataryn Mariia
Published: May 2024

In recent years, the information technology (IT) sector has experienced significant growth, increasingly contributing to the export structure and GDP of Ukraine. As of 2022, the IT sector’s contribution to the country’s GDP reached 3.5%. This development raises crucial considerations regarding business taxation within the sector. Taxation is influenced primarily by the business entity’s form, either as a legal entity or an individual, and the selection of the appropriate Ukrainian Classification of Economic Activities (KVED) code. Incorrect KVED classification can result in a 15% fine on income from unregistered activities, highlighting the importance of accurate business registration for tax benefits. Ukraine offers general and simplified tax systems, but notably, it has introduced Diya City, a special legal and tax regime tailored for IT companies. Diya City aims to foster a conducive economic environment for attracting investments, enhancing the Ukrainian business landscape, liberalizing labor relations, and supporting both domestic and international startups. A key feature for residents of Diya City is the choice between a 9% tax on withdrawn capital, which exempts reinvested profits from taxation, and a standard 18% income tax. Additionally, IT professionals and gig workers within this regime benefit from favorable tax rates: 5% personal income tax, 22% social security contributions based on the minimum wage, and 1.5% military levy. These measures are designed to bolster the IT industry’s growth and investment appeal in Ukraine.
PECULIARITIES OF THE ORGANIZATIONAL ABILITIES OF A FEMALE MANAGER
Authors: Lukovych Lidiya
Published: May 2024

The individual task is devoted to the development of managerial abilities of a female manager in a modern environment. The research study examines an important aspect of modern management aimed at understanding the unique characteristics and success of women in leadership and management roles. The study is aimed at determining the key aspects of the organizational abilities of women managers, which can affect the effectiveness of their activities in the business environment. The program focuses on improving leadership, communication and strategic decision-making skills. The study aims to support women in developing their management skills for successful leadership. It is based on the study of psychological aspects of leadership, communication strategies, conflict management skills and developing emotional intelligence. The program also includes elements of mentoring and practical exercises to improve management skills and create an enabling environment for female leadership in today's business. Within the framework of the study, the individual features of women's leadership style are analyzed, in particular, their ability to communicate, solve problems, motivate the team, and think strategically. The impact of gender stereotypes and prejudices on decision-making processes and opportunities for women managers is considered. The study also looks at practical aspects, such as successful case studies of female managers in various industries and their strategies for overcoming difficulties associated with stereotypes and limitations. The possibilities of ways to support and develop the organizational abilities of women in the conditions of a competitive business environment are highlighted. This study is an important step towards achieving the development of better management strategies in the modern business environment. The main task of the article is to understand the peculiarities of the behavior of women managers and their significant impact on organizational dynamics.
“SUPER-SENSE” IN LOGOTHERAPY OF HOPELESSNESS
Authors: Moskalets Viktor
Published: May 2024

The article presents an analysis of the experience of Socratic dialogues with a person who suffered from the frustration of hopelessness caused by an incurable disease and doom to imminent death. She was agnostic about religion and did not have a personally meaningful mission in which she could “plunge headlong” – “to make it”. Therefore, she concluded that it would be better for herself and her family to get rid of the suffering caused by her illness as soon as possible, which makes a “neat” suicide possible. The main conclusion from the results of the Socratic dialogues with this person and other terminally ill patients is that the frustration of hopelessness of the terminally ill can and does have a super-sense – a humanistic belief in God, which applies to both agnostics and atheists. The sincere believers are protected from such frustration by their faith. If an agnostic or atheist is “cool” and distrustful of churches and priests, a psychotherapist / psychologist can and should attract and engage him or her in the super-sense. In the process of socratic dialogues with such a person, he or she should try to form a reasoned agreement on the high probability of the existence of the Transcendent with the help of rational arguments based on relevant facts, life realities, reflections of powerful thinkers, and the latest scientific discoveries, whose personalized subjects (God, angels, saints) “patronize” our earthly world from the standpoint of love and care for it, which gives a high, though incomprehensible to the human mind, meaning to the existence of humanity and the life of each person. This agreement sets the mood for sanitizing optimistic hope and sincere love (Faith–Hope–Love). The discourse of rational argumentation of the super-sense is presented. It is proved that not only the grace of conversion, but also the rational and intellectual agreement with the super-sense can be a reliable mental “outpost” of subjective self-defense against the frustrations of hopelessness, loss, etc. Such agreement gives the hopeless subject hope for a happy ending to his or her earthly suffering and encourages him or her to be imbued with his or her love for and care for the family, and thus to set himself or herself the super-task corresponding to the super-sense, which is to complete his or her earthly journey with dignity despite suffering. Such movements of sacrificial love (agape) “push down” the burden of despair and hopelessness and fill with the light energy of emotion and admiration for one's love, responsibility, care, and concern, which has a healing effect on the subject's psyche and significantly alleviates his or her suffering “here and now”.
THEORETICAL AND METHODOLOGICAL FOUNDATIONS OF PTSD RESEARCH IN PSYCHOLOGICAL SCIENCE
Authors: Kostiuk Yurii
Published: May 2024

The article carries out a general analysis of the concept of "post-traumatic stress disorder" in foreign and domestic scientific literature, examines the prevalence, symptoms and consequences of PTSD and the main approaches to assisting. The author analyses the impact of traumatic events on different segments of the population and emphasizes the importance of studying the impact of PTSD on young people, namely students of higher education institutions. It is concluded that there is a need for a more in-depth analysis, study and research of the problem of the occurrence and development of PTSD in higher education students.
FEATURES OF EARLY SOCIALIZATION OF CHILDREN WHO STUTTER
Authors: Psiadlo Eduard , Pishchevska Eleonora , Kantariova Natalia
Published: May 2024

The article examines the peculiarities of the socialization of children who stutter. Emphasis is placed on the first institution of socialization – the family. The basis of the article is the determination of the peculiarities of the functioning of children who stutter. For a child, the family is the closest microenvironment that forms the personality. The main concepts and the influence of social phenomena on child-parent relations are considered. The appearance of stuttering in a child is a stressful situation for parents. Mothers of children who stutter often experience feelings of guilt towards the child, frustration, shame for the child, and even hostility. This unfavorable picture is aggravated by such social factors as prolonged quarantine measures and martial law. It cannot but affect all spheres of life. In the course of the research, the following methods were applied: theoretical – analysis, comparison, generalization of domestic and foreign literature on the subject under study; and empirical – conversation, observation, and testing. The article describes an empirical study of the peculiarities of the family functioning of children who stutter and their parents. The analysis of the research results showed the following: socio-psychological factors affecting the mental health of children are the disharmony of family relations and family upbringing, as well as violations in the sphere of child-parent relations. Frequent conflicts, and loud quarrels cause children a constant feeling of anxiety, self-doubt, and emotional tension and can even disrupt their mental health. In children's drawings, you can find a projection of psycho-traumatic influence, which plays the role of a pathogenic factor in the appearance of stuttering. In such families, there is an excessive emotional distance from the child. Such families, in general, are not sufficiently integrated. Differences in the results of the research of both groups allow us to conclude the need for corrective work with children with stuttering and their parents. At the end of the article, recommendations and prospects for further research are described, namely, children who stutter, as well as their mothers, need psychological counseling or psychotherapy.
MAIN OFFICIALS OF PROFESSIONAL SELF-ESTEEM OF UNIVERSITY STUDENTS
Authors: Shuliaka-Vladyka Liudmyla
Published: May 2024

The statistics outline the theoretical aspects of the particularities of professional self-identity. The professional self-esteem of students of Western Higher Educational Institutions has been analyzed. The main concepts of professional ­self-esteem have been strengthened. The process of professional self-identification of students involves various aspects, such as the peculiarities of professional suitability, diversity, sociocultural influences, and various living conditions. One of the key features is the understanding of the psychological, social, and economic aspects that the choice of a future profession means. The article presents the results of an empirical study, the purpose of which was to study the current career orientations of students according to Shane’s “Career Anchors” method. The empirical basis of the study was a sample of 33 respondents aged 17 to 19, who are 1st-year students of the National University of Ostroh Academy and studying in the specialty “Journalism”. The survey continued throughout January 2024. The research was conducted online using a Google form. Theoretical analysis and empirical research prove that for students, the most relevant and inherent is the service orientation, which is manifested through active public participation, the choice of specialties with a social vector, and the constant development of competencies for effective participation in public life. A less common professional orientation among students is the stability of the place of residence. The priority of this orientation is influenced by: the Russian-Ukrainian war, economic instability, and new opportunities that students can get when moving or studying abroad. In general, students’ career orientation towards service is shaped by the influence of internal motivations, economic advantages, and social expectations. Students strive to use their talents and experience to achieve societal goals effectively.
THE PHENOMENON OF CYBERHATE: ANALYSIS OF CONCEPTUAL APPROACHES AND EMPIRICAL FINDINGS OF YOUTH’S CYBERHATE EXPERIENCES IN FRANCE
Authors: Korol Liliia , Blaya Catherine
Published: May 2024

The article presents an analysis of the content and essence of the phenomenon of cyberhate as well as the synthesis of the conceptual approaches and empirical findings of youth’s cyberhate experiences in France. Specifically, we explore recent developments and conclusions of research on cyberhate and the involvement of young people as exposed, victims, or perpetrators in France to determine the current state of knowledge. We focus on the prevalence of online hate experiences among adolescents, including cyberhate exposure, victimization, and perpetration. Moreover, we analyze whether the youth’s socio-demographic characteristics and individual-level variables appear to be influential in the context of the youth’s cyberhate experiences. We present recent studies in France showing that young people of ethnic minority backgrounds as well as those who display low life satisfaction are at higher risk of becoming victims of cyberhate. In addition, our overview suggests that cyberhate perpetrators frequently report being insulted and bullied at school and suffer from online victimization. At the same time, cyberhate perpetration is also shown to be strongly linked with time spent online, belonging to deviant youth groups, and adopting positive attitudes towards violence and racism. Furthermore, we analyze recent empirical findings concerning a wide range of online contextual and environmental factors in youth’s involvement in cyberhate utilizing two theoretical perspectives of routine activity and problem behavior theories. We conclude by discussing the implications of empirical research for practitioners and intervention strategies aimed to prevent and address cyberhate and create a safer and more inclusive online environment.
Hetero-Polycyclic Aromatic Systems: A Data-Driven Investigation of Structure-Property Relationships
Authors: Chakraborty Sabyasachi , Mayo Yanes Eduardo , Gershoni-Poranne Renana
Published: May 2024

Polycyclic aromatic systems (PASs) are pervasive compounds that have a substantial impact in chemistry and materials science. Although their specific structure-property relationships hold the key to the design of new functional molecules, a detailed understanding of these relationships remains elusive. To elucidate these relationships, we performed a data-driven investigation of the newly generated COMPAS-2 dataset, which contains ~500k molecules consisting of 11 types of aromatic and antiaromatic rings and ranging in size from one to ten rings. Our analysis explores the effects of electron count, geometry, atomic composition, and heterocyclic composition on a range of electronic molecular properties of PASs.
QEBSS: Quality Evaluation Based Simulation Selection for analysis of conformational ensembles and dynamics of multidomain proteins
Authors: Sandelin Amanda , Nencini Ricky , Yasar Ekrem , Ollila Samuli
Published: May 2024

Abstract Multi-domain proteins, comprising both folded and intrinsically disordered regions, play pivotal roles in various biological processes, yet characterizing their conformational ensembles and dynamics presents significant challenges. Here we introduce the Quality Evaluation Based Simulation Selection (QEBSS) protocol to address this challenge by systematically selecting ensembles from molecular dynamics (MD) simulation data that enable detailed interpretation of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) experiments. QEBSS is based on quality evaluation of large number of MD simulation trajectories against protein backbone 15N T1 and T2 spin relaxation times and hetNOE values from NMR experiments, and concomitant selection of simulations that form the best ensemble for the interpretation of experiments. We demonstrate the practical advantage of QEBSS by solving conformational ensembles and dynamics of four flexible multi-domain proteins: calmodulin, CDNF, MANF, and EN2. These proteins bear important biological functions but their mechanistic understanding is limited partially due to challenges in characterization of flexible multi-domain proteins. Our findings reveal new insights on conformational landscapes and dynamics of these proteins, shining light also on their biological functions. QEBSS offers a systematic approach to resolve conformational ensembles and dynamics of multi-domain proteins with heterogeneous dynamics. Because such proteins play important roles in wide range of systems with relevance in biology, biotechnology and material sciences, we anticipate QEBSS to benefit wide range of fields ranging from drug design to development of novel materials.
Oxygen dimerization as a defect-driven process in bulk LiNiO2
Authors: Squires Alexander G. , Ganeshkumar Lavan , Kavanagh Seán R. , Savory Christopher N. , Scanlon David O.
Published: May 2024

To explore the possibility of oxygen dimerization — particularly the formation of molecular oxygen-like species — in the bulk of LiNiO2 lithium ion cathodes materials at high states of charge, we conduct a redox-product structure search inspired by recent methodological developments for point defect structure prediction. We find that delithiated Li1 – x NiO2 (x = 1) has good kinetic stability towards decomposition into molecular oxygen and reduced transition metal oxides, but that defects can act as nucleation sites for oxygen dimerization. These results help reconcile conflicting reports on the formation of bulk molecular oxygen in LiNiO2 and other nickel-rich cathode materials, highlighting the role of defect chemistry in driving the bulk degradation of these compounds.
Additive-free Pd/In2O3 Catalyzed N-methylation of Primary Amides using Formic Acid
Authors: Benaissa Idir , Dembélé Kassiogé , Cantat Thibault , Genre Caroline
Published: May 2024

Here we report on the use of formic acid as a green and safe reagent for the N-methylation of primary amides in the presence of a Pd/In2O3 solid catalyst. No additive is needed and primary amides are selectively N-methylated in good to excellent yields. The reaction operates through a formylation/reduction pathway, leaving the amide carbonyl untouched.