bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Lower maximal skin wettedness in both warm-humid and hot-dry environments with advanced age (PSU HEAT project)
Authors: Fisher Kat G. , Vecellio Daniel J. , Cottle Rachel M. , Leach Olivia K. , Wolf S. Tony , Kenney W. Larry
Published: November 2024

This study is the first to identify 1) maximal skin wettedness values for unacclimated adults across the adult age span of 18 to 89 yr at a metabolic rate representative of minimal activities of daily living and 2) establish specific ωmax values for older adults during rest and activities of daily living. These findings provide empirical data for the modeling of physiological responses to heat stress across the adult age span.
Chronic Kidney Disease: Decreasing Serum Klotho Levels Predict Adverse Renal and Vascular Outcomes
Authors: Konnur Abhijit , Gang Sishir , Hegde Umapati , Patel Hardik , Pandya Akash , Shete Nitiraj
Published: November 2024

Background and Objectives: Soluble alpha Klotho (s.Klotho) is an emerging marker for chronic kidney disease (CKD) prognosis. The objective was to study the association between s.Klotho and CKD‐related decrease in glomerular filtration rate (GFR), bone and vascular damage.

Method: A total of 118 patients with CKD stage 2–4 were enrolled and 107 patients continued in the study. Clinical and laboratory parameters were recorded at time of enrollment and 12 months. A double sandwich ELISA for s.Klotho was recorded in controls (n = 25) and patients’ serum samples at 6 months (n = 107) and 12 months (n = 102). Primary endpoints like 40% or more fall in GFR, a requirement for renal replacement therapy (RRT), and death with different grades of s.Klotho deficiency were studied.

Results: Of the 107 patients (80 male and 27 female), mean s.Klotho was 3.46 ng/mL (02.3–04.2). The GFR fall was significantly different (p value < 0.0001) in the different grades of s.Klotho deficiency with Grade 4 s.Klotho deficiency (0.1–2.99 ng/mL) having the maximum fall of GFR at 9.2 mL/min/1.73 m2 (04.8–12.0) and minimum in Grade 2 (3–5.99 ng/mL) at 1.35 mL/min/1.73 m2 (03.0–02.75). The Ankle Brachial Pressure Index positively correlated with s.Klotho and the correlation coefficient was 0.536 (0.382–0.662) (p < 0.001). The carotid intimal medial thickness negatively correlated with s.Klotho and the correlation coefficient was −0.712 (95% CI: −0.797–−0.601, p < 0.001). All five deaths had s.Klotho Grade 4 (severe) deficiency. The event‐free survival rate was maximum (100%) in Grade 2 Klotho deficiency and lowest (55%) in Grade 4 s.Klotho deficiency.

Conclusions: s.Klotho levels decreased significantly in patients with progressive kidney failure. s.Klotho levels significantly correlated with the presence of vascular disease. Death and need for RRT were significantly more in patients with severe s.Klotho deficiency.
Improving the Urban Transport System Resilience Through Adaptive Traffic Signal Control Enabled by Decentralised Multiagent Reinforcement Learning
Authors: Yang Xiangmin , Yu Yi , Feng Yuxiang , Ochieng Washington Yotto
Published: November 2024

The principle of system resilience is its ability to withstand disruptions and maintain an equilibrium state. In urban network systems, adaptive traffic signal control (ATSC) has been an effective countermeasure to mitigate traffic flow disturbance and improve resilience. This research has explored the usage of a decentralised advantage actor‐critic (a2c) algorithm‐based ATSC in mitigating disruptions, particularly nonrecurring congestion caused by car accidents. A reward function has also been proposed, combining deduced resilience metric, safety indicator time to collision (TTC) and system performance. A virtual simulation environment was created using simulation of urban mobility (SUMO) to facilitate the evaluation of the proposed approach. In the grid simulation environment, an overall 5.8% improvement is achieved, exceeding benchmark algorithms in three metrics, especially performance with a margin of over 5.2%. Robustness against different levels of car accidents are proven as well. Further evaluation is also implemented based on a real‐world case study and demonstrates an improvement of 20.08%, highlighting the correlation of proposed method’s efficiency on the traffic flow rate and road structure.
Study on the Effect of Individual Characteristics and Cognitive Degree on Green Food Consumption Behavior
Authors: Deng Zhiying , Huang Yi , Tan Qiuxia
Published: November 2024

The study of consumption behavior on green food plays an important role in promoting agricultural environmental protection and eco‐agricultural production. Based on the practical investigation, this paper makes an empirical study on the consumption behavior of green food by using binary logistic regression model. It is found that consumer’s education level has a significant positive effect on green food consumption. Consumer income level does not pass the test on consumption behavior, but the change direction is opposite. Consumer age and premium of green food are negatively correlated with consumption motivation and behavior, while green food reliability and satisfaction are positively correlated with consumption motivation and behavior. Consumer gender, marital status, and information channels have no significant impact on consumption motivation and behavior. According to the research results, the production and marketing of green food should pay attention to the product quality and the actual feedback from consumers, and should increase the market propaganda to improve the attention and recognition ability on green food, and should take effective measures to develop the older consumer’s market.
Unlocking the Therapeutic and Antimicrobial Potential of Prunus armeniaca L. Seed Kernel Oil
Authors: Hamid Zeenat , Akbar Ali , Kamran Kashif , Achakzai Jahangir Khan , Wong Ling Shing , Sadiq Muhammad Bilal
Published: November 2024

The Prunus armeniaca L. (bitter apricot) is an apricot fruit tree categorized on the basis of the bitter taste of its seed kernel. In this study, the functional, medicinal, and therapeutic potential of bitter apricot seed kernel oil (BASKO) was evaluated. The qualitative screening of BASKO was performed using standard methodologies. The chemical profile of the oil was analyzed with the help of Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and gas chromatography and mass spectrometry (GC‐MS). Results revealed the presence of different phytochemical constituents comprising steroids, flavonoids, terpenoids, alkaloids, and cardiac glycosides. The antioxidant activity of the oil was determined by a 2,2,diphenyl‐1picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical inhibition essay. Total phenolic and flavonoid contents were 10.6 ± 1.32 mg GAE/g and 4.75 ± 0.11 mg QE/g, respectively. DPPH inhibition of 89.5% was achieved at 1000 μg/mL of BASKO, with IC50 = 90.44 μg/mL (83.47–96.67 μg/mL with 95% CI). The antimicrobial potential of the BASKO revealed the inhibition of Escherichia coli (20.3 ± 2.08 mm), Salmonella typhi (19.3 ± 2.51 mm), Klebsiella pneumoniae (16.6 ± 1.52 mm), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (17 ± 2 mm), and Staphylococcus aureus (25 ± 1.01 mm). The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) value was 250 μL/mL for K. pneumoniae, S. typhi, P. aeruginosa, and S. aureus, whereas 62.5 μL/mL for E. coli. Moreover, BASKO showed antifungal potential against Trichophyton tonsurans (77.3 ± 2.08%), Epidermophyton floccosum (69.6 ± 3.51%), Aspergillus niger (74.3 ± 2.56%), Aspergillus flavus (90 ± 3%), and Mucor mucedo (78.3 ± 2.51%). Antileishmanial activity of oil was evaluated against Leishmania major by MTT assay, and an IC50 value of 89.75 μg/mL was observed. The study revealed that BASKO is a good source of biologically active compounds to be used as functional, therapeutical, and antimicrobial agents in food and pharmaceutical products.
Table S2 from Functional RNAi Screening Identifies G2/M and Kinetochore Components as Modulators of TNFα/NF-κB Prosurvival Signaling in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Morgan Ethan L. , Saleh Anthony D. , Cornelius Shaleeka , Carlson Sophie G. , Toni Tiffany , Cheng Hui , Jeon Jun , Viswanathan Ramya , Yang Xinping , Silvin Christopher , Clavijo Paul E. , Sowers Anastasia L. , Mitchell James B. , Ormanoglu Pinar , Lal Nag Madhu , Martin Scott E. , Chen Zhong , Van Waes Carter
Published: November 2024

Table S2
Supplementary Table S3 from Tumoral Interferon Beta Induces an Immune-Stimulatory Phenotype in Tumor-Associated Macrophages in Melanoma Brain Metastases
Authors: Gellert Julia , Agardy Dennis A. , Kumar Swaminathan , Kourtesakis Alexandros , Boschert Tamara , Jähne Kristine , Breckwoldt Michael O. , Bunse Lukas , Wick Wolfgang , Davies Michael A. , Platten Michael , Bunse Theresa
Published: November 2024

Supplementary Table S3 lists all genes included in the M1 phenotypic marker gene set, including respective references.
Prevalence, Clinical Features, and Outcomes of Young Patients with Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis
Authors: Lee Jeewon , Kim Kyung Joo , Nam Jung Hyun , Choi Joon Young , Rhee Chin Kook , Jo Yong Suk
Published: November 2024

Introduction: Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) can occur at any age; however, studies on younger IPF patients are scarce because it primarily affects the elderly. This study aimed to investigate the clinical features and outcomes of younger IPF patients. Methods: We analyzed the National Korean Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service (HIRA) database from 2015 to 2021. Patients with IPF were identified using the International Classification of Diseases 10th Revision (ICD-10) codes and the Rare Intractable Diseases codes and were categorized into three age groups: <50, ≥50 and <65, and ≥65 years. The risk of acute exacerbation (AE) and mortality was analyzed. Results: Among 4,243 patients with IPF, 91 were under 50. These younger patients, who were predominantly female, exhibited less comorbidities and received more systemic steroids, whereas older group received more pirfenidone. Although AE risk increased with age, it was not statistically significant. Mortality and lung transplantation risks increased notably with age from the <50 group to the ≥50 and <65 group (hazard ratio [HR]: 1.52, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.93–2.49) and the ≥65 group (HR: 2.44, 95% CI: 1.51–3.93). These risks were influenced by factors such as age, comorbidities, previous AEs, and steroid use. Conversely, pirfenidone treatment reduced the risk. Conclusion: While younger IPF patients had a lower risk of mortality and lung transplantation, with no significant differences in the risk of AEs, they were less likely to receive antifibrotic therapy and more often treated with steroids, which may affect outcomes. Early, targeted treatment strategies, including antifibrotic use, are crucial for improving their prognosis.
Student Authentication in eAssessments Using Online Proctored Exam System: Accounting Educator Views in Fiji
Authors: Roy Sandhiya
Published: November 2024

With the advancement in eLearning technologies, eAssessments are becoming widely used. The overarching challenge in eAssessment is student authentication. An online invigilated or remote proctored exam system that engages a human proctor, supervising live via webcam, is a widely accepted method for student authentication. This study obtained views of tertiary accounting academics in Fiji using semi-structured interviews. Though educators prefer online assessments, there is a strong consensus that student authentication is a challenge. The findings reveal that academics are willing to accept online proctored exam system because it has the capability to validate students, along with minimising other forms of academic misconduct during exams. According to the academics, the online proctored exam system may be more acceptable among the postgraduate students compared to the undergraduate students because of the digital resource issues. It is also essential that attention is paid to network connectivity issues in Fiji when implementing online proctored exam systems.
The Role of Influencer-Generated Contents to the Cognition and Emotional Attachment Among Generation Z Consumers in Manila, Philippines
Authors: Angeles Rhea Jane G. , Clemente Carmhiella A. , Malimban Renoa Lorraine O. , Santos Jean Erika G. , Tan Jian Carlo D.
Published: November 2024

Along with the rising digitalization of businesses, social media influencers (SMI) have been essential in redefining how the online promotional system operates. In the Philippines alone, social media influencers are central to all online discussions. The country is known as the "social media capital of the world," as 86.3% of Filipinos follow at least one influencer and spend about 11 hours each week on social media.  
With the use of an existing theory and testable hypotheses, the researchers will gather data while adhering to the positivist philosophy. To obtain objective and statistically significant results, the researchers will measure, document, and examine the data through a survey. Moreover, the researchers will carry out various statistical testing, including PLS-SEM, average variance extraction (AVE), heterotrait-monotrait (HTMT) ratio, variance inflation factor (VIF), squared multiple correlation (R2), Stone–Geisser’s Q2, etc. using SmartPLS.
Delving into the results, it was shown that influencer-branded content's interestingness does affect users to be emotionally attached. Research findings also revealed that influencer-generated content's novelty does not significantly affect users' emotional attachment to influencers. It was also shown that reliability positively affects emotional attachment, as well as information quality. But when it comes to understandability it shows no relationship with emotional attachment. Lastly, it is revealed that there is no significant relationship between emotional attachment and users' intention to disagree with the influencer.
As a conclusion, social media influencers have become instrumental in making digital platforms a more enjoyable place to dwell.
Harmonizing Narratives: A Qualitative Exploration of the Life Experiences and Challenges Faced by Music Core Groups in the Cebu Province Music Industry
Authors: Almaden Antoniette M. , Ocampo Alex P. , Delantar Alexander Franco A.
Published: November 2024

This study examined the intricate life experiences and challenges faced by music core groups within the ever-changing Cebu Province Music Industry. A qualitative multiple-case study technique was employed to harmonize narratives by revealing common experiences and challenges. Furthermore, the research aimed to provide interventions that might assist music core groups in effectively addressing their difficulties. Through cross-case analysis, the study uncovered underlying themes, such as Evolution and Growth, Challenges, Support Systems, and Passion and Personal Fulfillment, that transcended the boundaries of different music core groups. The text explored distinct variations in terms of Business Orientation, Role and Artistic Identity, Artistic Foundation, and Creative Liberty. Coping strategies were found to be essential for building resilience and took several forms, including faith, self-care, diversion, economic bargaining skills, continual learning, and community participation. The discovery of these coping methods offered valuable insights into the resilience techniques utilized by music core groups. Moreover, the research extended beyond mere inquiry and put forth interventions designed to assist music core groups in surmounting their difficulties. This research provided practical suggestions to aid stakeholders, policymakers, and industry participants in improving the sustainability and well-being of the dynamic music community in Cebu Province. These recommendations aimed to build specific initiatives for this purpose.
Learning Recovery Plan (LRP) in Addressing Learning Gaps of Effective and Efficient Learning Outcomes after Pandemic among Different School in the Division of San Pablo
Authors: Dionglay Perlyn V. , Callo Eden C.
Published: November 2024

The Department of Education (DepEd) adopts the National Learning Recovery Program (NLRP) through DepEd Order No. 013, s. 2023 which aims to strengthen the learning recovery and continuity program, improve literacy and numeracy, and accelerate the achievement of education targets. This study aimed to examine the respondents perceptions on the implementation of the Learning Recovery Plan (LRP) in addressing the learning gaps, starts with assessing fundamental skills such as the literacy and numeracy in the early grades. Detecting learners who have not developed the full range of reading and numeracy skills are provided with appropriate programs. A post pandemic program from the Department of Education, that which aims to identify the level of responsiveness, relevance and appropriateness of the different school in the Division of San Pablo City, and how effective and efficient is this study as to upskilling and reskilling of teachers, stakeholders effort, updating, review of different projects and programs and teaching methodology to recover the learning gaps after pandemic.
Random sampling was conducted because of the limited access for face to face contact and all the big schools, three-year plan beginning SY 2022-2023, which shall be adopted by all DepEd implementing units and schools by aligning respective plans and implementation to the directions and priorities specified in this policy.
Based on the finding the relevance, resilience and appropriateness in the level of in the implementation of learning recovery plan (LRP)addressing the learning gaps are “always observed” among the different school in the division of San Pablo regardless of age, length of service and district from which they  belong, moreover  the level of  effectivity and efficiency in the learning, have significant effect in terms of physical and mental resilience, communication plan, professionalism , community stakeholder and support system in upskilling and reskilling of teachers, stakeholders effort, improvement of learning environment, updating and review of projects and programs and the teaching methodology.
The Moderating Effect of Demographics in the Relationship between Graduate Employability and Course Outcomes Contribution
Authors: Bagares Lovelyn M.
Published: November 2024

This study aimed to determine the moderating effect of demographics in the relationship between graduate employability and course outcomes contribution. In this study, graduate employability is evaluated by allowing graduates to self-assess their skills. Additionally, graduates assess how their course outcomes have contributed to their graduate skills. This study utilized the descriptive correlational design with moderation analysis to determine the significant relationship among the variables. Stratified Random sampling was used with a total sample size of 125 employed graduates. The statistical tools employed in the study were frequency and percentage distribution, mean and standard deviation, Analysis of variance, Regression analysis, and Moderation analysis. The findings revealed no significant difference in the graduate's employability when respondents were grouped according to profile. A test of influence was conducted between graduate employability and course outcomes contribution, with a coefficient of 1.032 and p-value<0.001 indicating a strong significant relationship. However, it was found that demographics have no moderating effect on the relationship between graduate employability and course outcomes contributions. In conclusion, graduate employability is significantly influence by course outcomes contribution, which established the fact that the stronger the curriculum is the higher the graduate employability of the graduates. Curriculum intervention is simplified eliminating profile segregation, it makes it easier to give activity, seminar, trainings and other activities to graduates. Overall, regardless of future career path the graduates would take, the curriculum should have a well-grounded curriculum and activity to nourished versatile skills for graduates.
Predicting Licensure Exam Success: A Mathematical Model for Engineering Students at Nueva Vizcaya State University
Authors: Nebrida Alan P. , Natividad Jemimah P. , Quidit Cherry D.
Published: November 2024

This research examines the correlation between the academic achievement and licensing test outcomes of electrical engineering (EE) and mechanical engineering (ME) graduates from Nueva Vizcaya State University (NVSU) in the Philippines over a five-year span. This study used a quantitative research technique involving a descriptive-correlational approach, trend analysis, and path analysis to examine data from graduates who underwent licensing examinations for the first time during this period. The results showed a significant correlation between academic achievement in certain subject areas and success in licensing exams for graduates in electrical engineering (EE) and mechanical engineering (ME). The equation for calculating the Board Rating for EE graduates is: Board Rating = 125.430 - (17.581 * ESAS) + (12.208 * MATH) - (13.011 * EE). The logistic regression equation is P = 1/(1 + e^(-(24.99651 + (5.812567 * MATH) - (3.72252 * ESAS) - (10.1496 * EE)), while the discriminant equation is D = -13.577 - (3.943 * MATH) + (2.723 * ESAS) + (6.134 * EE). The formula for calculating the Board Rating for ME graduates is as follows: Board Rating = 121.578 - (10.387 * IPPE) - (5.980 * MATHA) - (0.721 * MACHINE). The logistic regression equation is P = 1/(1 + e^(-(16.65924 - 1.99212 * MATHA - 5.60296 * IPPE + 2.329647 * MACHINE)), while the discriminant equation is D = -11.573 + 5.823 * IPPE + 0.931 * MATHA - 2.592 * MACHINE. Path analysis clarified both the direct and indirect impacts of academic success on the licensing test results. Mathematical models provide useful insights for engineering education, highlighting the need for focused curriculum creation and student assistance in engineering education programs. This research emphasizes the importance of certain academic accomplishments as predictors of success in professional licensing exams.
Hemangioma in Children: Literature Review
Authors: Arviansyah Arviansyah , Wihastyoko Herman , Agustina Wilma , Siswanto Yudi , Sintaningrum Elisabeth
Published: November 2024

Hemangioma is a vascular anomaly that is benign and generally occurs in children. ISVVA 2018 classifies vascular anomalies into two categories, namely vascular malformations and vascular tumors (hemangioma). The prevalence of hemangioma is higher in low birth weight babies, premature babies, and girls. Several theories suggest that hemangiomas are caused by vasculogenesis and angiogenesis or an imbalance between angiogenic and antiangiogenic factors. Hemangiomas grow through a proliferation phase,  involution phase, and post-involution phase. Hemangioma classification is based on the depth of the lesion, time of appearance of the lesion, distribution of the lesion, and its relationship to syndrome complication.. Diagnosis of hemangioma is based on anamnesis, physical examination, and supporting examinations which include USG, MRI, and CT-Scan. Hemangiomas that lead to complications should require immediate treatment. Hemangioma treatment can be done with topical therapy, systemic therapy (propranolol, corticosteroids, β-blockers, vincristine, rapamycin), laser therapy (PDL, diode, Nd: YAG, argon, KTP, CO2, IPL), and other treatments consisting of from surgical and non-surgical procedures (bleomycin injection).
Fêmeas-matrizes e Forças-motrizes: insurreições cênicas de vozes-mulheres negras brasileiras
Authors: Freitas Régia Mabel da Silva
Published: November 2024

This article aimed to highlight the achievements of black brazilian artists what, from of anti-racist dramaturgies, promote/promoted the negrocenic militancy. Methodologically, research was chosen exploratory-descriptive of qualitative nature and data collection occurred on a bibliographical review exclusively of black men and women theorists, as Carneiro, Freitas, Nascimento between others. The results showed that the national stages, in which the strength and brilliance of black women also prevail, have been yet another trench to combat racism.
Arrodeando a canjira: considerações sobre a improvisação nas danças negras
Authors: Ferraz Fernando Marques Camargo
Published: November 2024

This study reflects on the notion of improvisation in black dances. Based on bibliographical research and the author’s teaching practice, he proposes four elements of analysis: the repertoire, the relational and participatory dimension, the fugitive character and breaking of expectations and the fabled imagination. He presents considerations about the risks in establishing fixed parameters of analysis, conceiving Afro-diasporic artistic expressions and their black sensibilities as unfinished experiences.
Pedagogia da cena empretecida
Authors: Delfino Nelson Bruno
Published: November 2024

Análisis de investigaciones académicas en artes escénicas sobre teatro negro y performance negra, en programas de posgrado, en universidades públicas federales brasileñas, realizadas por investigadores negros entre los años 1980 y 2020. El objetivo es identificar los caminos metodológicos y teóricos desarrollados por estos artistas para esbozar una posible pedagogía de la escena teatral negra brasileña. Se utiliza como muestra el trabajo de Winny Rocha en la UFOP (2018), Cristiane Sobral en la UNB (2016) y Danielle Anatólio en UNIRIO (2018). Es claro que estos artistas, en su investigación académico/artística, producen obras autobiográficas que fortalecen su negritud.
A Etnografia Performativa como metodologia de pesquisa em Artes Cênicas
Authors: Hartmann Luciana , Castro Ana Carolina de Sousa
Published: November 2024

This article presents a historical and conceptual delineation of Performance Ethnography as a methodological approach that proposes, at the intersection of ethnography with performance, specific forms of ethical and aesthetic engagement for conducting research in performing arts. Drawing from a state of the art of research on the subject, in Brazil and abroad, the article explores approaches such as “ethnographic surrealism” and “ethnotheater” to support this proposal, which calls for a radicalization of the classical participant observation, through the sharing of artistic-pedagogical practices (performatives) that are simultaneously process and product, creation and reflection.
Trem2/Tyrobp Signaling Protects Against Aortic Dissection and Rupture by Inhibiting Macrophage Activation in Mice
Authors: Zhang Zenghui , Wu Maoxiong , Yao Lei , Zhou Weibin , Liu Xiao , Chen Zhiteng , Hua Ping , Xu Leibo , Lv Lei , Liu Chiyu , Huang Chunling , Chen Sixu , Huang Zhaoqi , Huang Yuna , He Jiaqi , Chen Tingfeng , Wang Jingfeng , Yuan Woliang , Liu Zhaoyu , Chen Yangxin
Published: November 2024

BACKGROUND:

The development of aortic dissection (AD) is closely associated with inflammation. The Trem2 (triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2)/Tyrobp (TYRO protein tyrosine kinase-binding protein) signaling pathway critically regulates innate immunity and has emerged as an important target in cardiovascular diseases; however, its role in AD remains unclear.

METHODS:

Transcriptome data from human and mouse ADs were used to perform differentially expressed gene–based protein-protein interaction network analyses.
Tyrobp
knockout (Tyrobp
−/−
), myeloid cell–specific
Tyrobp
−/−
(Tyrobp
fl/fl
Lyz2
cre
), and
Trem2
knockout (Trem2
−/−
) mice were given β-aminopropionitrile monofumarate in drinking water to induce AD. To dissect the role of macrophages in
Tyrobp
deficiency–mediated AD progression, macrophages were depleted using clodronate liposomes. Bulk and single-cell RNA sequencing, immunofluorescence staining, and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction were performed to assess inflammation and the underlying mechanisms of Tyrobp in AD.

RESULTS:

Network analysis identified
Tyrobp
as a hub gene of AD, with elevated levels observed in both human and mouse ADs. Global deletion and myeloid cell–specific deficiency of
Tyrobp
in mice significantly increased AD incidence and exacerbated extracellular matrix degradation and macrophage infiltration within the aortic wall. Macrophage depletion mitigated the adverse effects of
Tyrobp
deficiency on AD progression. Additionally,
Tyrobp
deficiency enhanced TLR (Toll-like receptor)-4 signaling and macrophage activation, which were abrogated by TLR4 inhibitors. Furthermore, deletion of the Tyrobp-associated receptor
Trem2
significantly aggravated mouse AD development, whereas Trem2 agonist treatment conferred protection against AD.

CONCLUSIONS:

Our findings suggest a novel role for the Trem2/Tyrobp axis in AD development in mice. Enhancement of Trem2/Tyrobp signaling may represent a promising strategy for the prevention and treatment of AD. Future studies to clarify the role of Trem2/Tyrobp in human AD are warranted.
I2U2 and Regional Stability in the Middle East
Authors: Sheikh Mohmad Saleem
Published: November 2024

Participation in the Middle East Quad (I2U2) indicates that India, Israel, and the UAE are exercising “strategic autonomy” and have engineered a redirection of their foreign policy agendas. These countries no longer face any strategic dilemma in expanding their outreach, and formalising a transactional relationship for mutual strategic and geo-economic growth in the unstable and volatile Middle East. Is India’s involvement in the Middle East Quad Group beneficial to its foreign policy, keeping in view it’s cautious and ‘hands-off approach’ in the region? How far can these accords help in achieving regional stability? This paper attempts to answer these questions. It also deals with how India strikes a balance between the Abraham Accord countries and Iran, despite mutual rivalry in relation to several regional issues. This study observes that the Quad countries are driven by geo-strategic and geo-economic interests and exercise strategic autonomy in this transregional arrangement. This article employs analytical and interpretative methods through a forward-thinking conceptual framework centred on “strategic autonomy”. It concludes that India’s participation in this grouping does not hinder its ability to pursue relations with other countries, such as Iran, for its economic security. Rather, geopolitical shifts prompt national decisions on the part of different, even mutually confrontational actors, in a way that corresponds to the respective levels of their strategic autonomies or vulnerabilities. Strategic outcomes with peace dividends, such as regional multipolarity and economic diversification are identified as part of this process. such
Tanzania’s Position on the Ukraine Crisis: Neutrality with a Stance or Just Sitting on the Fence?
Authors: Minja Rasul A.
Published: November 2024

The Ukraine crisis has morphed into a political minefield for countries far removed from the war zone. While some states have been vociferous in supporting sanctions against Moscow or denouncing Kyiv’s ambition to join the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), others have ‘played it safe’ by maintaining a neutral position. Tanzania abstained in most of the voting rounds at the United General Assembly (UNGA) on the crisis. The Russia-Ukraine conflict has had significant economic effects on the country, but its diplomatic relations with these belligerent parties have remained unscathed. But what has been Tanzania’s position on the Ukraine crisis since 2014? What has been the voting trend at the UNGA by the country and other East African Community (EAC) partner states on the Ukraine crisis? These are some of the questions that the current article seeks to answer.
Assessment of the Linnaean type material of the Nose-horned viper, Vipera ammodytes (Linnaeus, 1758)
Authors: KRECSÁK LÁSZLÓ , BAUER AARON M. , WESTERSTRÖM ALEXANDER , WAHLGREN RICHARD , TOMOVIĆ LJILJANA , STILLE BO , ÅHLANDER ERIK
Published: November 2024

Within the framework of surveys investigating the origins of Linnaean taxa, we assessed the evidence supporting historical taxonomic and nomenclatural proposals and decisions regarding the nose-horned viper (Vipera ammodytes). The viper was described as Coluber ammodytes Linnaeus, 1758 from “the Orient.” Bruno (1968) assessed the pre-Systema Naturae Ed. 10 sources and designated the specimen described in detail by Linnaeus as the lectotype of the species and restricted the type locality to near Castello Nuovo di Duino (Trieste, Venezia Giulia NW), NE Italy. We used a two-pronged approach using literary sources and statistical analyses to show that previous type locality restrictions suggested by different authors (including Bruno), were made incorrectly, without a proper assessment of the history or the morphological characteristics of the existing type material. Our surveys suggest that the lectotype was collected by the Swedish diplomat Edvard Carleson (1704–1767) in Belgrad Forest (Belgrad Ormanı), Belgrad village, Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality, Türkiye, between August 1738 and June 1746. In light of our results, the populations currently known as V. a. montandoni Boulenger, 1904 become the nominotypical subspecies, with the type locality Belgrad Forest (Belgrad Ormanı), Belgrad village, Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality, Türkiye. Nose-horned viper populations from the north-western and central parts of the distribution range of the species that were regarded as nominotypical, thus become Vipera ammodytes illyrica (Laurenti, 1768).
Two new species of Metrichia Ross 1938 (Trichoptera: Hydroptilidae) from the Brazilian Amazon biome
Authors: NETO JAIME DE LIEGE GAMA , PASSOS MAHEDY ARAUJO BASTOS
Published: November 2024

Two new species of Metrichia from Roraima State, Brazil, are described and illustrated, representing additional records of Metrichia from the Brazilian Amazon biome. The male of Metrichia iracema sp nov. is characterized by inferior appendages each elongate, with an acute apical projection and a deep C-shaped notch, tergum X apex slightly incised, and dorsal hook with a longer dorsal branch extending anterad. Metrichia camposnovos sp nov. is characterized by inferior appendages each subtrapezoidal and with acute apical corners, and phallus tubular, elongate, and slender, with a median process and with two curved subapical spines arising at the same level, one curved to the left, another curved to the right.
The spider genus Tutaibo (Araneae, Linyphiidae) in Uruguay: two new species and new records
Authors: CAJADE MANUEL , RODRIGUES EVERTON N. L. , HAGOPIÁN DAMIÁN , LABORDA ÁLVARO , SIMÓ MIGUEL
Published: November 2024

Tutaibo carita Cajade sp. nov. and Tutaibo sam Cajade sp. nov. are described from Uruguay based on males and females. Illustrations of somatic and sexual characters and a species distribution map are provided. In addition, new records of Tutaibo velox (Keyserling, 1886) are provided. These findings represent the southernmost records for Tutaibo and constitute the first report of the genus for Uruguay.
The wolf spiders of three national parks in Northern Vietnam (Araneae: Lycosidae)
Authors: WANG LU-YU , LI SHUQIANG , PHAM DINH-SAC
Published: November 2024

Three wolf spiders (Lycosidae) from Northern Vietnam are described and illustrated, two of them being new species: Allotrochosina serpentina Wang & Li sp. nov. (♂♀) and Sinartoria hamata Wang & Li sp. nov. (♂). The female of Arctosa tangguoi Wang, Li & Zhang, 2021 is described for the first time. Detailed descriptions, diagnoses, photographs, and drawings of the two new species and the female of A. tangguoi are provided.
Smartphone-Based Cognitive Behavioral Therapy and Customized Sound Therapy for Tinnitus: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Goshtasbi Khodayar , Tawk Karen , Khosravi Pooya , Abouzari Mehdi , Djalilian Hamid R.
Published: November 2024

Objective:

To evaluate the efficacy of a smartphone-based application providing tinnitus-specific cognitive behavioral therapy and customized sound therapy for tinnitus.

Methods:

In a prospective randomized controlled trial, the treatment group participated in daily sound therapy and weekly interactive CBT modules, and the control group did not receive the program (waitlisted). Outcome measures after 8 weeks included the Tinnitus Functional Index (TFI), Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD-7), Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9), Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI).

Results:

Ninety-two patients (mean age = 57.2 ± 11.9 years) were included. The treatment (n = 47) and control (n = 45) cohorts had similar TFI, PHQ-9, GAD-7, PSS, and PSQI scores at presentation (all P > .05). Treatment-group patients had significantly higher improvements than controlled patients in their TFI (16.7 ± 14.9 vs 1.9 ± 10.8, P < .001), PHQ-9 (1.9 ± 4.2 vs −0.7 ± 3.4, P = .002), GAD-7 (1.1 ± 3.6 vs −0.9 ± 3.3, P = .009), and PSQI scores (2.5 ± 3.2 vs −1.1 ± 2.1, P < .001). Treatment-group subjects also significantly improved in 7 of the 8 TFI domains (all P < .05). TFI improvements of ≥20 occurred in 18 (38.3%) treatment subjects. Of the 9 treatment-group patients presenting with moderate-severe depression, 4 (44.4%) improved to minimal depression. Of the 4 treatment-group patients with moderate-severe anxiety, 2 (50.0%) improved to minimal anxiety. Of the 17 treatment-group patients with moderate-severe sleep difficulties, 10 (55.6%) had considerable sleep improvement.

Conclusion:

This novel smartphone application providing cognitive behavioral therapy and customized sound therapy was effective in reducing symptom severity and improving anxiety, sleep, and mood for tinnitus patients.
Global adaptive coordinated control of human–robot mooring system without velocity measurements
Authors: Zeng Xiangduan , Yang Yana , Ding Shixing , Li Junpeng
Published: November 2024

In this paper, a novel decentralized adaptive coordinated control approach is proposed for human–robot mooring system (HRMS) under the communication topology of the network. First, to achieve output feedback control of multiple robots and ensure uniform, exponential, and global convergence of estimation errors, a distributed filter is proposed for HRMS to eliminate the need for velocity measurement information. Then, instead of modifying the control structure, a universal time-varying asymmetric barrier function (UTABF) is designed to directly confine the system output. It can handle both constrained and unconstrained instances equally. Moreover, adaptive neural networks (NNs) backstepping controllers are proposed to handle the nonlinearities and uncertainties of the system dynamics. The goal of achieving globally uniformly ultimately bounded (GUUB) is achieved by introducing a switch function. Finally, simulation experiments of HRMS composed of a ship model (60,000DWT bulk carrier) are provided to verify the effectiveness of the proposed control algorithms.
Deception Detection: Using Machine Learning to Analyze 911 Calls
Authors: Markey Patrick M. , Dapice Jennie , Berry Brooke , Slotter Erica B.
Published: November 2024

This study examined the use of machine learning in detecting deception among 210 individuals reporting homicides or missing persons to 911. The sample included an equal number of false allegation callers (FAC) and true report callers (TRC) identified through case adjudication. Independent coders, unaware of callers’ deception, analyzed each 911 call using 86 behavioral cues. Using the random forest model with k-fold cross-validation and repeated sampling, the study achieved an accuracy rate of 68.2% for all 911 calls, with sensitivity and specificity at 68.7% and 67.7%, respectively. For homicide reports, accuracy was higher at 71.2%, with a sensitivity of 77.3% but slightly lower specificity at 65.0%. In contrast, accuracy decreased to 61.4% for missing person reports, with a sensitivity of 49.1% and notably higher specificity at 73.6%. Beyond accuracy, key cues distinguishing FACs from TRCs were identified and included cues like “Blames others,” “Is self-dramatizing,” and “Is uncertain and insecure.”
Specific Absorbed Fractions for Reference Paediatric Individuals
Authors:   ICRP PUBLICATION 155
Published: November 2024

The calculation of doses to organs and tissues of interest due to internally emitting radionuclides requires knowledge of the time-dependent distribution of the radionuclide, its physical decay properties, and the fraction of emitted energy absorbed per mass of the target. The latter property is quantified as the specific absorbed fraction (SAF). This publication provides photon, electron, alpha particle, and neutron (for nuclides undergoing spontaneous fission) SAF values for the suite of reference individuals. The reference individuals are defined largely by information provided in ICRP Publication 89. Some improvements and additional data are provided in this publication which define the reference individual’s source and target region masses used in the Occupational Intake of Radionuclides (OIR) and Dose Coefficients for Intakes of Radionuclides by Members of the Public series of publications. The set of reference individuals includes males and females at 0 (newborn), 1, 5, 10, 15, and 20 (adult) years of age. The reference adult masses and SAFs provided in this publication are identical to those in ICRP Publication 133 and those used in the OIR series of publications. Computation of SAF values involves simulating radiation transport in computational models which represent the geometry of the reference individuals. The reference voxel phantoms of ICRP Publication 143 are used for photon and neutron transport, and most electron transport. Alpha particle transport is not necessary for large tissue regions as the short range allows for an assumption of full energy absorption (absorbed fraction of unity) for self-irradiation geometries. Additional computational models are needed for charged particles in small, overlapping, or interlaced geometries. Stylised models are described and used for electrons and alpha particles in the alimentary and respiratory tract regions. Image-based models are used to compute SAFs for charged particles within the skeleton. This publication is accompanied by an electronic supplement which includes files containing SAFs for each radiation type in each reference individual. The supplement also includes source and target region masses for each reference individual, as well as skeletal dose–response functions for photons incident upon the skeleton.

© 2024 ICRP. Published by SAGE.
The Relationship Between Missed Nursing Care and Nurse Job Satisfaction: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Algin Aydolu , Yesilbas Hande , Kantek Filiz
Published: November 2024

Background:

Missed nursing care is a global issue that refers to any aspect of patient care that is partially or entirely omitted or delayed. Although many studies have examined the relationship between missed nursing care and nurse job satisfaction, there is no synthesized evidence of these findings.

Objective:

To evaluate the relationship between missed nursing care and nurse job satisfaction.

Methods:

A systematic review and meta-analysis was carried out by searching the following databases: Web of Science, Scopus, EBSCO, PubMed, Science Direct, Cochrane, and Springer Link. The risk of bias was assessed using the Quality Assessment and Validity Tool for Correlational Studies. A random-effects model was used in the meta-analysis.

Results:

Out of 13 619 identified reports, 8 studies involving 10 418 nurses were identified as eligible for the meta-analysis. A significant negative relationship between missed nursing care and nurse job satisfaction was identified, with the summary effect size of r = −0.294 (95% CI: −0.364 to −0.219, P < .001).

Conclusions:

The meta-analysis presented evidence regarding the significance of missed care in influencing nurse job satisfaction. As missed nursing care decreases, nurses’ job satisfaction may increase.
A survey of bridging bone on chest radiography shows a greater than expected prevalence of marginal syndesmophytes
Authors: Srivastava Ankur , Miao Timothy , Yan Yi , Wozniak Artur , Howey Joanne , Roth Michael , Garvin Gregory J
Published: November 2024

Background

The recognition of thin marginal spinal syndesmophytes is important, in part due to their association with non-traumatic or mildly traumatic vertebral fractures.

Purpose

To determine a lower limit on the prevalence of marginal spinal syndesmophytes using chest radiographs.

Material and Methods

We conducted a retrospective analysis of 500 chest radiographs, assessing the prevalence of thin marginal syndesmophytes, bridging or near-bridging osteophytes, and flowing paravertebral ossifications in the thoracic intervertebral discs among individuals aged 16 years and older in a North American city.

Results

Among the 500 participants, we observed that thin vertical marginal syndesmophytes were present in 17 (3.4%) cases, bridging or near-bridging osteophytes were present in 126 (25.2%) cases, and flowing paravertebral ossifications were present in 37 (7.4%) cases. Out of the 17 participants with thin marginal syndesmophytes, 10 exhibited a bamboo-like spine appearance, defined as the presence of ≥4 contiguous levels of bridging marginal syndesmophytes. Analysis of syndesmophyte distribution per vertebral level indicated a higher frequency of involvement in the mid to lower thoracic spine, maximal at T9/10.

Conclusions

The presence of thin marginal syndesmophytes in the thoracic spine on routine chest radiographs is substantially more prevalent than would be anticipated based on the existing literature. The feasibility of reliably identifying these syndesmophytes in the spine and the impact of this on morbidity should be further investigated due to their association with advanced ankylosing spondylitis and their susceptibility to fractures.
Brain abscess caused byMycobacterium tuberculosisin an immunocompetent patient: a case report and literature review
Authors: Chen Keyin , Leng Xuan , Zhou Hui
Published: November 2024

Brain abscesses caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis are rarely reported and are typically found in immunocompromised patients. The challenges in identifying the pathogen and the frequent delays in initiating appropriate therapy often result in a poor prognosis for patients. We herein report a rare case of a brain abscess caused by M. tuberculosis in a 63-year-old patient with a history of hypertension but no history of pulmonary tuberculosis. The patient was hospitalized twice because of worsening right upper limb weakness and speech difficulties. Both a pus culture and cerebrospinal fluid culture were negative. Ultimately, the diagnosis of M. tuberculosis infection was confirmed through next-generation sequencing and the tuberculosis-specific T-cell test (T-SPOT). The patient’s symptoms improved following anti-tuberculosis treatment. This case highlights the importance of considering M. tuberculosis as a potential cause of brain abscesses, even in immunocompetent individuals, and underscores the need for early diagnosis for effective treatment.
KRAS inhibitors in drug resistance and potential for combination therapy
Authors: Rathod Lala S. , Sakle Nikhil S. , Mokale Santosh N.
Published: November 2024

Kirsten Rat Sarcoma (KRAS) is a potent target for cancer therapy because it acts as a signaling hub, engaging in various signaling pathways and regulating a number of cellular functions like cell differentiation, proliferation, and survival. Recently, an emergency approval from the US-FDA has been issued for KRASG12C inhibitors (sotorasib and adagrasib) for metastatic lung cancer treatment. However, clinical studies on covalent KRASG12C inhibitors have rapidly confronted resistance in patients. Many methods are being assessed to overcome this resistance, along with various combinatorial clinical studies that are in process. Moreover, because KRASG12D and KRASG12V are more common than KRASG12C, focus must be placed on the therapeutic strategies for this type of patient, along with sustained efforts in research on these targets. In the present review, we try to focus on various strategies to overcome rapid resistance through the use of combinational treatments to improve the activity of KRASG12C inhibitors.