bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Diagnosis and Treatment for Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Oral Tongue in a Patient with Fanconi Anemia
Authors: Deng Siyao , Ye Wenjing , Zhang Shichuan , Zhang Peng , Song Yanqiong , Zhou Jie , Lang Jinyi , Lu Shun
Published: November 2020

BackgroundFanconi anemia (FA) is a rare genetic disorder characterized by congenital anomalies, progressive bone marrow failure and high susceptibility to various solid tumors, especially head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Management of FA patients with head and neck cancer is a challenge due to increased risk of surgery, poor tolerance of chemotherapy, and severe myelotoxicity of radiotherapy.MethodsWe present a case of a 33-year-old man with carcinoma of the oral tongue (T1N2M0), who experienced prolonged and profound bone marrow failure as a consequence of concurrent cisplatin/radiation. The young patient who developed HNSCC without risk factors, the myelotoxicity after exposure to the platinum-based agent cisplatin and the further evaluation of phenotypic characteristics raised suspicion of FA. Whole exome sequencing performed for the patient and parents ultimately established the diagnosis of FA.ResultsGenetic testing in the 23 FANC genes revealed two novel heterozygous mutations, c.367C>T (p.Gln123*) and c.3971_3972delCGinsTT (p.Pro13241.cu) in FANCA gene of the patient, which were inherited from his father and mother, respectively. Radiotherapy with reduced dose has successfully alleviated the symptoms of tumor invasion and progression, and the radiation-related side effects were acceptable. Unfortunately, the patient died of locoregional disease progression.ConclusionsThis case highlights the importance of considering the diagnosis of FA in young patients who develop HNSCC in the absence of risk factors, thus permitting more effective oncological treatment strategies and improved outcomes. In general, any decision on different modalities of management in such patients should be based on a balance between locoregional control and therapeutic toxicity.
ERK-Mediated Phosphorylation of EZH2 Regulates HER2 Expression on Long-term Genistein-induced Acquired Endocrine Resistance in Estrogen-Receptor-Positive Breast Cancer Cells
Authors: Hu Chunyan , Zhou Qian , Yang Bingmo , Xiao Wei , Jiao Kailin , Yang Keke , Zhou Ming , Li Zhong
Published: November 2020

BackgroundGenistein, a soy isoflavones, is the most important phytoestrogens in typical oriental diet. Many studies have shown that genistein at lower concentrations promotes breast cancer cells growth through the estrogen receptor pathway. However, recent research has found that long-term consumption of low doses of genistein results in hormone-independent growth phenotypes of MCF-7 tumors, with increased expression of HER2. Overexpression of HER2 has been causally associated with endocrine therapy resistance in human breast cancer. The mechanism by which prolonged exposure to genistein leads to increased HER2 expression is unclear. Whether genistein-induced HER2 expression is the cause of endocrine resistance remains to be determined. MethodsWe selected the MCF-7 and T47D breast cancer cells model with higher ERα and lower HER2. It was investigated whether prolonged exposure to genistein induced TAM-sensitive breast cancer cells to TAM-refractory cells by increasing HER2 expression. Furthermore, it was explored whether HER2 expression and endocrine resistance were associated with EZH2. ResultsWe found that genistein had estrogen-like effect and inhibited HER2 expression during short-term exposure. However, long-term exposure to genistein induced acquire endocrine resistance, because of increased expression of HER2. During long-term exposure to genistein, the continuous activation of ERK1/2 phosphorylated EZH2 at Ser21, resulting in a decrease of lysine 27 trimethylation. As H3K27me3 level decreased, the expression of IL-6 and IL-8 increased, and HER2 level gradually increased, forming a feedback loop of ERK1/2 / EZH2/ IL-6 and IL-8 / HER2. ConclusionsThese findings indicated that high HER2 expression caused by EZH2 phosphorylation was an important mechanism of endocrine resistance. The study also provided a new insight for genistein-induced acquired endocrine resistance. For breast cancer patients, long-term use of soy supplements has potential health risk. Especially, monitoring dietary exposure to genistein is advisable when treated with tamoxifen.
Effect of Fe2O3 and CeO2 on Transmittance of Y2O3 Stabilized Tetragonal Zirconia Polycrystals
Authors: Chen Jianfeng , Xue Chundong , Liu Zhaocen , Liang Zhuoran , Wang Bo , Zhao Lisheng , Dang Ruijie , Wen Ning , Dai Guanghai
Published: November 2020

The present study is to investigate the effect of metal oxides Fe2O3 and CeO2 on the structural and optical characteristics of Y2O3 stabilized tetragonal zirconia ceramic (Y-TZP). Different concentrations of Fe2O3 and CeO2 are added into Y-TZP to fabricate the colored Y-TZP. The chromaticity and transmittance were measured by spectrophotometer. The effect of each colorant on color and transmittance of Y-TZP is quantitatively studied. Most of the previous related studies used indirect methods for measurement, but in order to get more accurate results, we chose the direct measurement method. It is found that the addition of Fe2O3 and CeO2 not only changes the color of Y-TZP, but also reduces the light transmittance. The SEM characterization and XRD analysis are then performed to check the microstructure and crystal structure respectively, by which we try to understand the microscopic principle. Our findings can improve the understanding of coloration of Y-TZP by mental oxides, and support a quantitative assessment approach for aesthetic performance of dental restoration material.
Brain Microvascular Endothelial Cells-Derived HMGB1 Facilitates Monocyte Transendothelial Migration Favoring JEV Neuroinvasion
Authors: Zou Song-Song , Zou Qing-Cui , Xiong Wen-Jing , Cui Ning-Yi , Wang Ke , Liu Hao-Xuan , Lou Wen-Juan , Higazy Doaa , Chen Hao-Wei , Zhang Ya-Ge , Cui Min
Published: November 2020

Background: Infection with the Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) induced high morbidity and mortality, even caused permanent neurological sequelae. However, the pathways and mechanisms of JEV invasion into the central nervous system (CNS) remain elusive. It is confirmed that extracellular HMGB1 facilitates immune cells transendothelial migration. Furthermore, it is observed that the migration of immune cells into the CNS dramatically increased during JEV infection which may benefit to viral clearance, but paradoxically accompanied by the expedite onset of Japanese encephalitis (JE) in advance. Thus, exploration of JEV neuroinvasion pathways is important for pathogenesis and prevention of JE.Methods: Brain microvascular endothelial cells were utilized for the detection of HMGB1 release in vitro. The blood-brain barrier (BBB) monolayer model (brain microvascular endothelial cells) and recombinant HMGB1 were applied for the measurement of endothelial cell activation and cells adhesion, the integrity of the BBB and the interaction with the immune cells. A genetically modified JEV expressing EGFP (EGFP-JEV) was used to trace the transmigration of JEV-infected immune cells crossing the BBB to mimic the process of neuroinfection.Results: JEV has the characteristic of neurotropism, causing HMGB1 released from BMEC and increasing adhesion molecules. BEMC-derived HMGB1 enhances leukocyte-endothelium adhesion, facilitating the transendothelial migration of JEV-infected monocytes across the BBB entry into the CNS. Thus, JEV successfully utilized the monocyte as a “Trojan horse” to spread the virus to the brain, expanding the brain infection, leading the acceleration of JE onset.Conclusion: JEV-infected monocytes, acting as “Trojan horse”, migrate to the brain, which was facilitated by BMEC-derived HMGB1, contributing to JEV neuroinvasion, and leading neuroinflammation and pathological changes of JE.
WITHDRAWN: The Effect of Hypertriglyceridemia on Arterial Structure and Function Parameters in Patients with Metabolic Syndrome
Authors: Rinkūnienė Egidija , Dženkevičiūtė Vilma , Petrulionienė Žaneta , Majauskiene Egle , Ryliškytė Ligita , Puronaitė Roma , Badarienė Jolita , Navickas Rokas , Laucevičius Aleksandras
Published: November 2020

Background: Development of metabolic syndrome (MetS) augments risk for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (CVD), but pathophysiological mechanisms of this relation are still under discussion. Overlapping CVD risk factors make it difficult to assess the importance of individual elements. This study aimed to analyze subclinical atherosclerosis based on arterial structure and function parameters in patients with MetS and different triglycerides (TG) levels.Methods: Patients (aged 40-65 years) were divided into two groups: patients with MetS and with or without hypertriglyceridemia (hTG). Noninvasive assessment of vascular parameters—aortic augmentation index adjusted for heart rate 75 bpm (AIxHR75), pulse wave velocity (PWV), and common carotid artery intima-media thickness (CCA IMT)—were performed.Results: Carotid-femoral PWV (cfPWV) and carotid-radial PWV (crPWV) were significantly higher in patients with hTG. After adjusting for age, gender, waist circumference, fasting glucose, smoking status, cardiovascular family history and mean arterial pressure, crPWV (OR: 1.150; CI 95%: 1.04-1.28), cfPWV (OR: 1.283; CI 95%: 1.14-1.42) and CCA IMT (OR: 1.13; CI 95%: 1.02-1.25) were significantly associated with hTG (p<0.05), while AIxHR75 did not show significant association.Conclusion: Increased TG are independently associated with a cfPWV, crPWV, and CCA IMT, but not with a higher AIxHR75.
Expression and Distribution of M1 and M2 Macrophages in the Degeneration Process of Human Lumbar Intervertebral Disc Herniation: A Histological and Clinical Efficacy Analysis
Authors: Li Xiao-Chuan , Huang Chun-Ming , Luo Shao-Jian , Fan Wu , Zhou Tian-Li , Chen Wen , Wang Mao-Sheng , Bai Xiao-Chun
Published: November 2020

Background: Macrophages were previously proved to participate in the progression of lumbar disc herniation (LDH), but the phenotypic subtypes of macrophages and the association between M1/M2 positivity and clinical efficacy in LDH are not understood. This study aimed to determine the expression and distribution of M1 and M2 macrophages in LDH and investigate the association between M1/M2 positivity and outcome of LDH therapy. Methods: Immunohistochemical analyses of M1 and M2 markers were used to identify M1/M2 macrophages and their prevalence and distribution in LDH patients. The association among prevalence, clinical characteristics, and clinical efficacy was evaluated. Differences in the presence of M1 and M2 macrophages with or without modic changes (MCs) and those in the high-intensity zone (HIZ) were also analyzed. Results: The induced nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and CD206 were expressed in all 79 LDH patients tested. The morphology and distribution of iNOS+ and CD206+ cells varied at different degenerative LDH stages. iNOS+ cells significantly decreased with increasing Pfirrmann grade and age, whereas CD206 cells increased. iNOS+ cells showed a positive correction with visual analog scale scores, while CD206+ exhibited positive correction with the Oswestry disability index on pre-operative day 3. A significant increase in iNOS+ cells was observed in the HIZ, whereas more CD206+ cells were found in MC tissues. Conclusions: Differences in morphology and distribution of M1/M2 cells in LDH suggested that these cells originated from both recruited and resident macrophages. Significantly different expression in MCs and the HIZ and significant correlation with clinical efficacy indicated the important role of the M1/M2 transition in the immune and inflammatory response in LDH. Management of the M1/M2 transition may be a feasible approach for preventing LDH.
Evaluation of the Refeeding Syndrome Criteria in Critically Ill Patients in a Chinese Hospital: A Retrospective Study
Authors: lu kongmiao , zheng xiangxin , wan huqiang , wang qiangwen , han wei , chen xiaomeng , Huang Man
Published: November 2020

Background: Refeeding syndrome (RFS) was a group of metabolic disorders associated with refeeding after starvation. However, RFS is underdiagnosed in China due to the highly heterogeneous diagnostic criteria. This study was to evaluate the diagnosis of RFS in our intensive care unit (ICU).Methods: Patients monitoring serum phosphate and accepting nutritional treatment more than 3 days were included in our retrospective study. RFS was defined as the new onset hypophosphatemia (<0.87mmol/l) within 72 h after feeding and serum phosphate concentration decreased more than the extent 30%. According to the lowest serum phosphate level within the first 3 days after feeding, all RFS patients were divided into the three groups: Group 1(between 0.65 and 0.87mmol/L as well as more than 30% decrease from baseline), Group 2 (between 0.32 and 0.65mmol/L as well as at least 0.16mmol/L decrease from baseline ) and Group 3 (lower than 0.32mmol/L). The nutritional and prognostic indices were recorded and analyzed within the three groups.Results: A total of 1678 patients were included, of which 150(8.7%) were regularly monitored for serum phosphate. Among these 150 patients, 27 patients were diagnosed the RFS finally. Except for NRS 2002, there were no significant difference in nutritional index such as BMI, percentage of High-risk RFS, total caloric intake, baseline of potassium, magnesium, phosphate and calcium and time to start feeding among three groups. Also, there were no significant differences in clinical outcome, duration of mechanical ventilation and LOS of ICU and hospital. The NRS2002 scores of the three groups were 0.75±0.957, 3.00±1.541 and 4.50±1.049 respectively, and the higher the decline of serum phosphate, the higher the NRS2002 score was (P=0.001). Conclusions: The refeeding hypophosphatemia incidence was not rare in intensive care unit，even serum phosphate has not been monitored regularly. The higher score of NRS2002 might be correlated with greater decline of serum phosphate. However, changes in serum phosphate may be unrelated to prognosis and not be an optimal indicator of low calorie feeding.Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov database, NCT04005300. Registered 1 July 2019, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/ NCT04005300
Interaction Between the Dietary Indices (DQI, DPI, HEI) and PPAR-γ Gene Variants on Cardiovascular Risk Factors in a Patient With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Abaj Faezeh , Soutudeh Guity , Karimi Elmira , Rafiee Masoumeh , Koohdani Fariba
Published: November 2020

Background: We investigated the interaction between PPAR-γ Pro12Ala polymorphism and Healthy Eating Index (HEI), Dietary Quality Index-International (DQI-I) and Dietary Phytochemical Index (DPI) on Cardiovascular Disease (CVD) risk factors in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 393 diabetic patients. PPAR-γ Pro12Ala was genotyped by PCR-RFLP method. Biochemical markers including total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), triglyceride (TG), superoxide dismutase (SOD), C-reactive protein (CRP), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), pentraxin-3 (PTX3), isoprostaneF2α (PGF2α) were measured by standard protocol. FFQ was used for dietary indices (DQI, DPI, HEI) calculation.Results: There was no significant relationship between PPAR-γ Pro12Ala polymorphism and CVD risk factors. The rs1801282-DQI interactions were significant on WC (P= 0.01). Thus, C-allele carriers in the higher tertile of DQI had higher WC compared to GG homozygous. Further, an interaction was observed between PPAR rs1801282 polymorphism and DQI on serum IL-18 level (P = 0.03). Besides, a significant rs1801282-DPI interaction was shown on HDL concentration (P Interaction= 0.04), G allele carriers who were in the highest tertile of DPI, had lower HDL. Moreover, there were significant rs1801282-HEI interactions on ghrelin (P= 0.04) in the crude model and serum leptin (P = 0.02) in the adjusted model. Individuals with (CC, CG) genotypes in the higher tertile of HEI, had lower leptin and ghrelin concentration.Conclusions: Higher dietary indices (DQI, DPI, HEI) may affect the relationship between PPAR-γ Pro12Ala polymorphism and waist circumference and ghrelin, leptin, HDL-c, IL-18 concentration in patients with T2DM.
Macrolide and fluoroquinolone associated mutations in Mycoplasma genitalium in a retrospective study of male and female patients seeking care at a STI Clinic in Guangzhou, China, 2016-2018.
Authors: Ke Wujian , Li Dongling , Tso Lai Sze , Wei Ran , Lan Yinyuan , Chen Zhengyu , Zhang Xiaohui , Wang Liuyuan , Liang Chunmei , Liao Yuying , Chen Huiru , Liu Yahui , Zheng Heping , Yang Ligang
Published: November 2020

BackgroundAntimicrobial resistance in M. genitalium is a growing clinical problem. We investigated the mutations associated with macrolide and fluoroquinolone resistance, two commonly used medical regimens for treatment in China. Our aim is to analyze the prevalence and diversity of mutations among M. genitalium-positive clinical specimens in Guangzhou, south China.MethodsA total of 154 stored M. genitalium positive specimens from men and women attending a STI clinic were tested for macrolide and fluoroquinolone mutations. M. genitalium was detected via TaqMan MGB real-time PCR. Mutations associated with macrolide resistance were detected using primers targeting region V of the 23S rRNA gene. Fluoroquinolone resistant mutations were screened via primers targeting topoisomerase IV (parC) and DNA gyrase (gyrA).Results98.7% (152/154), 95.5% (147/154) and 90.3% (139/154) of M. genitalium positive samples produced sufficient amplicon for detecting resistance mutations in 23S rRNA, gyrA and parC genes, respectively. 66.4% (101/152), 0.7% (1/147) and 77.7% (108/139) samples manifested mutations in 23S rRNA, gyrA and parC genes, respectively. A2072G (59/101, 58.4%) and S83I (79/108, 73.1%) were highly predominating in 23S rRNA and parC genes, respectively. Two samples had amino acid substitutions in gyrA (M95I and A96T, respectively). Two samples had two amino acid substitutions in parC (S83I + D87Y). 48.6% (67/138) of samples harbored both macrolide and fluoroquinolone resistance-associated mutations. The most common combination of mutations was A2072G (23S rRNA) and S83I (parC) (40/67, 59.7%). One sample had three amino acid changes in 23S rRNA, gyrA and parC genes (A2072G + A96T + S83I).ConclusionsThe high antimicrobial resistance rate of M. genitalium in Guangzhou is a very worrying problem and suggests that antimicrobial resistance testing and the development of new antibiotic regimens are crucially needed.
Public Perceptions, Individual Characteristics, and Preventive Behaviors for COVID-19 in Six Countries: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Fujii Ryosuke , Suzuki Kensuke , Niimi Junichiro
Published: November 2020

Background: Public perceptions and personal characteristics are heterogeneous between countries and subgroups, which may have different impacts on health-protective behaviors during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. To assess whether self-reported perceptions of COVID-19 and personal characteristics are associated with protective behaviors among general adults and to compare patterns in six different countries.Methods: We conducted this study based on a cross-sectional online survey between 15 and 23 April 2020 across six countries (China, Italy, Japan, Korea, UK, and US). A total of 5,945 adults aged 18 years or older was eligible for our analysis. Logistic regression model was used to examine the associations between personal characteristics, public perception for COVID-19, and three recommended behaviors (wearing a mask, handwashing, and avoiding social gatherings).Results: In most countries, the participants who perceived the preventive behaviors as being extremely effective to curtail the pandemic were more likely to take each preventive behavior. The associations between personal characteristics, living environment, psychological status, and preventive behaviors varied across different countries. Individuals who changed their behavior because of recommendations from doctors/public health officials were more likely to take preventive behaviors in many countries.Conclusions: These findings suggest that higher perceived effectiveness may be a common factor to encourage preventive behaviors in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. These results may provide a better understanding of the homogeneity and heterogeneity of factors related to preventive behaviors and improve public health policies in various countries and groups.
Crack Cocaine User’s Protective Factors for Relapse
Authors: Cruz Joselaine Ida , Albuquerque Rossana Carla Rameh , Nappo Solange Aparecida
Published: November 2020

Background: Although available treatments may reduce the severity of crack cocaine use-related problems, a significant percentage of users resume drug abuse within a relatively short time after treatment. This relapse process is the return to the condition of pre-treatment drug consumption conditions. Crack cocaine users appear to be particularly prone to this dynamic, making relapse one of the biggest challenges for treating crack cocaine dependents. However, in the midst of this disheartening setting regarding the high relapse potential, a negligible part of the population of users remains in abstinence, not following this pattern of relapse, although they belong to contexts similar to relapsing users. This study aimed to identify the main characteristics of crack cocaine users, which protect them from relapse in the first six months after treatment. Methods: This is a study with 700 participants recruited through treatment institutions. Initially, data were analyzed descriptively and the existence of associations was verified by Chi-Square test or Fisher’s exact test. The Student t-test for independent samples was employed to compare the means between two groups. Logistic regressions were used to simultaneously evaluate the effects of demographic characteristics, history of use of crack cocaine on the occurrence of non-relapse. Results: The results of this work returned the following crack cocaine user’s main protective factors for relapse: being single but with a steady partner, or being separated or divorced, Catholic, not living in the streets or “Cracolândia”, not developing binge, withdrawal, dependence, abstinence (more than ten days) and drug late onset. Conclusion: Among these factors, not being abstinent is a protective factor for relapse that deserves attention, considering that the conventional treatment options available in Brazil consider abstinence as the only possible outcome.
Rationale for the parameters of steeply inclined ramps of kimberlite pits deep horizons exposing
Authors:   Ural State Mining University, Lel Iurii I. , Glebov Igor A. ,   Institute of Mining UB RAS, Budnev Aleksei B. ,   Ural State Mining University, Isakov Sergei V. ,   Ural State Mining University, Ganiev Ruslan S. ,   Ural State Mining University
Published: November 2020

Research aim is to substantiate optimal road grade when operating 4WD dump trucks and to develop analytical method of calculating the volume of additional spacing of non-mining slopes of an opencast from motor transport lanes placement when exposing deep kimberlite pits with spiral routes. Research relevance. Transition to steeply inclined ramps and 4WD dump trucks is a basic trend in improving the efficiency of deep kimberlite pits mining. In this regard, the issues of substantiating road grades and developing the method of calculating the volume of additional spacing of non-mining slopes of an opencast from motor transport lanes placement are becoming increasingly relevant. Research methodology. When substantiating road grade for 4WD dump trucks the physical principle of minimal action was used as well as dump trucks tractive and dynamic, braking and fuel conditions together with some experimental data. A new notion of “specific action” has been introduced. Optimal grade by the criterion of specific action complies with minimum energy for mined rock lifting under maximum hauling capacity. The elaborated analytical method of calculating the volume of additional spacing of non-mining slopes of an opencast is characterized by the integrated record of basic process parameters of uncovering. Graphical method of finding the angle of the non-mining slope has been proposed being a controlled parameter at uncovering with steeply pitching ramps. Results. It has been determined that optimal grade value by physical criterion of specific action are determined by the dependences between transmission efficiency, road speed and specific fuel consumption by 4WD dump trucks and the total traction resistance in slopes. For CAT-745С dump trucks optimal values slopes for macadamized roads within the range of 0.18–0.24. The patterns of basic mine engineering factors influence on the volume of additional spacing of slopes from motor transport lanes placement. Major effect on the volume of flattening is brought about by the depth of the pit, spiral ramps grade and ore body thickness. So, the introduction of steeply inclined uncovering is primarily recommended in kimberlite open pits when mining thin ore bodies. Scope of results. The obtained results may be applied in deep kimberlite open pits design and operation when introducing 4WD dump trucks. The results may also be applied in ore open pits when uncovering deep horizons by spiral ramps.
Force control of upper limb exoskeleton to support user movement
Authors: Nguyen Thang Cao , Parnichkun Manukid , Phan My Thi Tra , Nguyen Anh Dong , Pham Chung Ngoc , Nguyen Hieu Nhu
Published: November 2020

The dynamics analysis and control of the upper limb exoskeleton for supporting user movement is done by using the force feedforward control model. Based on a novel combination of Proportional Derivative (PD) force feedforward and Proportional Integral (PI) feedback control model [1], this paper proposes a method to assist the user’s movement for a three degree of freedom exoskeleton structure. When the user exerts force at the handle, the force is measured by a force sensor placed at the handle. These sensed forces are applied to command the actuators to support the human movement and reduce the disturbance effects of the device. This technique is well established approach in haptics for reducing the effects of inertia, damping, friction, centrifugal and Coriolis forces and gravity of haptic device [2]. Simulation result shows the torque controlled by robot to assist human for a desired loading motion.
Climate-water governance: a systematic analysis of the water sector resilience and adaptation to combat climate change in Pakistan
Authors: Yasin Hafiz Qaisar , Breadsell Jessica , Tahir Muhammad Naveed
Published: November 2020

Climate change and water security have become the most challenging global issues of this era, especially for developing countries like Pakistan. Amid many hindrances, poor governance has been identified as one of the most pressing reasons for ineffective action to tackle multifaceted and integrative climate-water issues in Pakistan. This article, therefore, applied a systematic literature review methodology to examine the current climate-water governance archetype, including key areas, major elements, critical gaps, and potential strategy in Pakistan. This study found that key climate-water governance areas in Pakistan are: river basin and watershed management, agriculture and irrigation management, urban and domestic water issues, floods, droughts and disaster management, groundwater management, and transboundary management. Moreover, it is revealed that the major governance elements are political commitment and leadership, policy formulation and regulation, institutional capacity and coordination, stakeholder engagement, and resource management, technology, and infrastructure development. The article also discusses how Pakistan has not effectively employed most of the identified governance elements to tackle its climate-water problems, lacking mostly in political, policy, institutional, coordination, and infrastructure aspects. In conclusion, a four-dimensional governance strategy, encompassing leadership, policy, institutions, and stakeholders is proposed to improve water sector resilience and adaptation to combat climate change in Pakistan.
Effects of solvent sort on casting solution and morphology of poly(ether sulfones) filtration membrane
Authors: Fan Kai , Liu Chun , Yang Haijun , Hou Zhengchi
Published: November 2020

Four kinds of solvent were chosen to prepare poly(ether sulfones) (PES) filtration membranes by the nonsolvent induced phase separation (NIPS) method. Ternary phase diagram and shear viscosity measurement were conducted to analyse the formation of prepared membrane from thermodynamic and kinetic perspectives. The micro-structure of the membranes with different solvents were analysed, and the result showed a high relevance to the thermodynamics and dynamics of the casting solutions, and promoted the proposal of a reasonable membrane formation mechanism.
A hydrological model for Ayamama watershed in Istanbul, Turkey, using HEC-HMS
Authors: Kazezyılmaz-Alhan C. M. , Yalçın İ. , Javanshour K. , Aytekin M. , Gülbaz S.
Published: November 2020

In order to overcome the flood risk in urbanized regions with high population density, generation of hydrological models is essential. The aim of this study is to generate a hydrological model for the Ayamama watershed by using HEC-HMS, simulate the flood event that occurred in Ayamama River in Istanbul, Turkey, on September 9, 2009 and evaluate the modeling performance of the HEC-HMS. For this purpose, the basin area is divided into the subbasins; the sections and parameters of the natural water channel are defined; infiltration is taken into account with the Green-Ampt method and the Clark Unit-Hydrograph method is used for calculation of the hydrograph over the watershed. The rainfall data measured during the aforementioned flood event is used in simulation. Peak flow of the hydrographs for the subbasins, which were heavily affected by the flood, are obtained and compared with the results of the calibrated hydrological model generated by Rational Method in WMS in a former study. The results obtained by HEC-HMS model are in good agreement with the results obtained by Rational Method in WMS. The strength of the HEC-HMS model over Rational Method is emphasized. Moreover, the subbasins located downstream of the Ayamama River are determined as the most critical region.
Políticas educacionais inclusivas e a intersetorialidade com as políticas sociais: interfaces Brasil/Canadá
Authors: Givigi Rosana Carla do Nascimento , Jesus Denise Meyrelles de , Silva Raquel Souza , Alcântara Juliana Nascimento de
Published: November 2020

A globalização, as transformações nos processos de produção e de conhecimento causaram grandes impactos nas sociedades contemporâneas. As desigualdades estruturais dispararam na educação a discussão sobre a inclusão de grupos minoritários. Acreditando na educação como um direito público, esse estudo objetivou analisar as políticas educacionais inclusivas e a intersetorialidade com as políticas sociais em uma perspectiva comparada, nos dois países: Brasil e Canadá. Metodologicamente situa-se na área da Educação Comparada. Foram estudadas as políticas voltadas para pessoa com deficiência, no caso os documentos normativos da Educação Especial e de um conjunto de políticas sociais. Constata-se que o Brasil passou por um momento de crescente apoio das políticas sociais e da inclusão escolar, e que o atual momento político aponta para um retorno da exclusão escolar e de redução da garantia de políticas sociais. Enquanto que o Canadá, mesmo enfrentando desafios de ordem política e econômica, tem garantido políticas sociais e educacionais inclusivas.
The Role of Serum Calprotectin as a New Marker in Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms – A Preliminary Report
Authors: Hauzer Willy , Ferenc Stanisław , Rosińczuk Joanna , Gnus Jan
Published: November 2020

Background:

Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm (AAA) remains a surgical challenge. There are
many recognizable markers associated with the formation of AAA. Previous experiments carried out
on animal models have shown a correlation between serum calprotectin and the occurrence of AAA.

Objective:

This study aimed to evaluate the level of calprotectin as a potential diagnostic biomarker in
patients with diagnosed AAA.

Methods:

The study group consisted of 75 patients aged 35-75 years assigned to two groups: a control
group (n=43) of healthy subjects without AAA and a study group (n=32) of patients with a diagnosed
AAA. The first calprotectin test was performed upon patient admission to the hospital, and the second
control test was performed after three months. The concentration of calprotectin in plasma was determined
using the Immunoenzymatic Method (ELISA) with the commercially available Assaypro Kit
(AssayMax™ Human Calprotectin ELISA Kit), as well as the sandwich method with polyclonal antibodies
to human calprotectin and peroxidase enzyme.

Results & Discussion:

Serum calprotectin levels in AAA patients were three times higher than in
healthy subjects (p<0.05). A statistically significant twofold decrease in calprotectin concentration was
observed after AAA surgery compared to the control group (p<0.05).

Conclusion:

Calprotectin levels can be an important marker in the detection of AAA. In conclusion,
AAA patients showed a threefold increase in serum calprotectin level and a twofold decrease in this
marker after AAA surgery.
Postpartum Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome in a Patient Suspected to COVID-19
Authors: Ramezanpour Fatemeh , Zarvani Ashraf , Sharifi-Razavi Athena
Published: November 2020

:

The effect of a novel beta coronavirus named SARS-CoV-2 or COVID-19 on pregnancy
outcomes and the neonatal prognosis is not fully documented yet.

Case Presentation:

In this article, we describe a patient presented with frequent seizure and blurred
vision 6 days after delivery without symptoms and laboratory data in favor of preeclampsia/eclampsia
and evaluations consistent with Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome. Also, there was mild
clinical and radiological evidence of COVID-19 infection.

Conclusion:

In conclusion, as pregnancy is a high-risk state, pregnant women may be more vulnerable
to severe COVID-19 infection and also pregnancy complications.
Zinc Removal from ZnO Industrial Wastewater by Hydroxide Precipitation and Coagulation Methods: The Role of pH and Coagulant Dose
Authors: Ratnawati Ratnawati
Published: November 2020

Liquid waste from the ZnO industry must be treated to meet the quality standards of wastewater into water bodies, according to the Minister of Environment Regulations No.5, 2014. It still contains 79 mg/L of Zn metal, cloudy with turbidity above 500 NTU, and COD value around 222 mg/L. This study aims to determine the effect of pH on reducing Zn metal and the coagulant dose to minimize turbidity and COD in liquid waste produced by the ZnO factory in Depok, West Java. The waste treatment has been carried out by adding alkaline to neutralize the acid conditions in the equalization basin. However, the results have not met the requirements. It is necessary to vary the pH (8.5; 9.0; 9.5; 10.0 and 10.5) to precipitate of Zn optimally, modify the dose of coagulants (50; 100 and 150 mg/L) and reaction times (10; 15 and 20 minutes) to reduce its turbidity and COD concentration. The best results were obtained at a pH of 9.5 with a coagulant dose of 50 mg/L and a reaction time of 10 minutes. This condition can reduce Zn concentration (79 to 3.71 mg/L), turbidity (557 to 1.42 NTU), COD (222 to 68 mg/L) with a removal efficiency of 95.3%; 99.7%; and 69.4% respectively. These values have met the standard requirements according to government regulations.
Vicente, F. L. (2014). O Império da Visão: Fotografia no Contexto Colonial Português (1860-1990). Lisboa: Edições 70.
Authors: Sampaio da Silva Leonor
Published: November 2020

No volume organizado por Filipa Vicente, é possível reencontrar o interesse da historiadora pelo estudo de períodos e temas da história da cultura observados a partir da expressão artística, mais concretamente de documentos visuais. Numa linha de continuidade com trabalhos anteriores, este volume retoma a reflexão sobre a imagem como instrumento de conhecimento. Especialmente relevante para o estudo dos impérios e da vivência colonial, a cultura visual tem demonstrado ser uma ferramenta útil para se entender o quotidiano, ora capturado na sua espontaneidade natural ora representado com efeitos de encenação. O Império da Visão é disso mesmo um claro emblema ao dar a conhecer obras, autores e análises que demonstram tanto o interesse científico quanto o caráter empolgante e inovador das análises ancoradas no documento visual. O volume situa-se, assim, numa linha de reflexão que, embora tardiamente, tem vindo a crescer em Portugal e que a cada novo passo que dá estimula a ambição de desenterrar informação visual que tem estado escondida ou sido ignorada nos lugares públicos e privados onde aguarda pelo momento em que a sua chegada às mesas de trabalho dos investigadores logre acrescentar novas luzes ao conhecimento do passado.
Cardoso, M. (2015). Yvone Kane. Moçambique, Portugal, Brasil: Filmes do Tejo & MPC Filmes.
Authors: Pereira Ana Cristina
Published: November 2020

Margarida Cardoso nasceu em Portugal e passou a infância em Moçambique onde o pai, militar da força aérea, esteve destacado desde 1966. Cresceu durante a guerra colonial, rodeada de silêncio sobre este e outros assuntos, como a existência de livros proibidos, ou o desaparecimento de pessoas. Quando voltou a Portugal deparou-se novamente com silêncios: sobre a nostalgia do império, a defesa do colonialismo, a permanência de Portugal em África e a guerra colonial. A obra desta autora é marcada pela necessidade de dar um corpo discursivo ao silêncio relativo a esse período da sua infância e juventude e pelo desejo de “guardar e reconstituir um tempo à beira do fim”2. Yvone Kane, a segunda longa-metragem de ficção de Margarida Cardoso (depois de Costa dos Murmúrios de 2004), é uma coprodução entre Portugal e o Brasil, que estreou em fevereiro de 2014, foi rodada em Portugal e Moçambique e conta com a participação de atores portugueses, brasileiros e moçambicanos.
“Hoje, fotografia no museu" reflexões em torno de uma interseção
Authors: Mendes Menezes Lucas
Published: November 2020

Em 1961, o Foto Clube de Minas Gerais (FCMG), em parceria com o Museu de Arte de Belo Horizonte2, organizou a “V Exposição Internacional de Arte Fotográfica”. A inédita parceria da exposição é o ponto de partida para a análise dessa geração de fotógrafos mineiros, além do contexto de produção e recepção de suas imagens. O caso belo-horizontino servirá também de referência para reflexão em torno do processo de entrada da fotografia em espaços expositivos e coleções de centros e museus de arte no Brasil e no exterior. O artigo se encerra com uma discussão em torno da produção de Eugênio Vidigal Amaro, fotógrafo amador português radicado em Minas Gerais.
Do photobooth à selfie: A cabine fotográfica e as gerações tecnológicas
Authors: Babo Constança
Published: November 2020

A cabine fotográfica é uma máquina que perpassa gerações, suscitando um contínuo interesse por parte do público. Consistindo a fotografia na captura de um determinado momento, observa- se como, nesse dispositivo, a prova fotográfica é, simultaneamente, o acontecimento e o seu registo, o objeto e a sua fotografia e o utilizador da máquina é o fotógrafo e o fotografado, ambivalências que conferem um particular interesse a esta técnica, o que se reflete na sua recorrente utilização por parte dos artistas. O photobooth é, pois, um importante instrumento de produção de autorretrato, de autorrepresentação e de introspeção subjetiva, permitindo explorar o conceito de identidade através de uma linguagem muito própria: o automatismo, a imagem refletida na tela e a sequencialidade. Por oposição, a tão popularizada selfie, capturada através dos dispositivos móveis digitais, banaliza a autorrepresentação e esvazia a sua singularidade. É a esse recente método que, hoje, recorrem as jovens gerações, cada vez mais absorvidas pelo universo digital, contexto no qual se constroem identidades múltiplas ou fabricadas. Assiste-se um desdobramento do eu que explora, de modo contínuo e disperso, o alter-ego, tendendo até a anular a representação individual. A dinâmica do virtual e da partilha em rede, nomeadamente nas redes sociais digitais, é pública, ao invés de ser privada, íntima, simbólica de reflexão e de introspeção, características, precisamente, das cabines. Este artigo propõe-se a questionar e a refletir sobre o lugar do autorretrato do photobooth perante as novas gerações, humanas e tecnológicas.
L’expérience de la flânerie dans Les mains negatives (1979), de Marguerite Duras
Authors: Guimarães de Oliveira Luciene
Published: November 2020

Cet article vise à explorer, à partir du court-métrage Les mains négatives (1979), de Marguerite Duras, l’idée de la flânerie comme un bouleversement perceptif que l’on peut rattacher à la déambulation urbaine. Une telle expérience qui évoque la flânerie benjaminienne est intimement liée à l'espace de l'écriture poétique durassienne, dans un parcours qui oscille entre texte et image et échappe ainsi au logocentrisme. Ce parcours privilégie la perspective intermédiale.
Circulação de imagens coloniais na França contemporânea
Authors: Silva da Costa Marcilene
Published: November 2020

Em julho de 2018 a Assembleia nacional francesa votou pela supressão da palavra raça da constituição por considerá-la carregada do passado colonial escravocrata. Um dos efeitos possíveis desse voto é a dificuldade que grupos antirracistas encontrarão para denunciar o racismo tão presente nessa sociedade. O objetivo do artigo é analisar a circulação de imagens estereotipadas da população negra francesa em uma sociedade que nega tanto o racismo e consequentemente faz com que esse esteja presente em todos os espaços. Na França, percebe- se uma considerável insistência na produção de iconografia de corpos negros de forma subalternizada.
Ejercicio de capacitación de envíos
Authors: Pachón Alejandro , Capacitación Test
Published: November 2020

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Integer non consequat neque, id mollis mauris. Vivamus semper gravida cursus. Sed in imperdiet lectus, quis placerat lorem. Sed scelerisque consectetur rutrum. Duis condimentum nunc non eros porttitor tempor. Curabitur varius eros ut lectus auctor, eu facilisis risus pellentesque. Sed at elementum elit. Nulla at fringilla tortor. Nullam malesuada, nulla et ultrices pulvinar, risus nunc fringilla libero, at vehicula orci quam in turpis. Etiam nec vestibulum dolor. Cras ut lectus sit amet ipsum lobortis pretium vitae quis nisi. Etiam sed neque vitae est tempus laoreet eu ac magna. Morbi vel gravida arcu. Vivamus a sodales felis. Phasellus scelerisque nunc nunc.
Herramientas MICMAC y MACTOR para un diagnóstico estratégico en la elaboración del plan de desarrollo de ordenamiento territorial
Authors: Olalla Hernández Alex Fabian
Published: November 2020

La planificación en el Ecuador ha evolucionado favorablemente a nivel gubernamental, las políticas sobre planificación y sus respectivos planes de desarrollo y ordenamiento territorial permiten a los Gobiernos Locales e instituciones públicas a optimizar el uso de los recursos para lograr un desarrollo territorial esperado. La prospectiva estratégica aporta herramientas útiles y prácticas para el desarrollo de las etapas de la elaboración de los planes de los gobiernos locales como son el MICMAC y MACTOR, instrumentos de análisis estratégico que parten de un escenario general hasta la construcción de un escenario estratégico definido por objetivos y actores cuya relación permiten lograr los objetivos y metas trazadas por los gobiernos locales.
turista chino: un mercado no tradicional para el desarrollo del turismo en el Ecuador
Authors: Arce Bastidas Rafael Francisco , Argudo Guevara Nadia Patricia
Published: November 2020

Actualmente el turismo es uno de los sectores económicos de mayor envergadura, y China es uno de mercados emisores más significativos en el mundo, con un gasto 257.700 millones de dólares americanos en el 2017 y un número de salidas de viajeros que alcanzó un total de 135 millones en 2016. Sin embargo, se calcula que solo el 0,7% llega a Latinoamérica.  Por lo que, el objetivo del estudio es indagar de manera sobre las oportunidades y limitaciones que representa el mercado emisor chino como mercado turístico no tradicional para el Ecuador por medio de un análisis secundario que permitió bosquejar un perfil de turista chino, identificar sus motivaciones y los factores que inciden cuando los turistas chinos deciden realizar un viaje por turismo. El estudio concluye que, el mercado chino tiene un potencial inmenso, pero es necesario realizar más estudios in situ sobre este mercado debido a que desconocemos su cultura, en especial, su idioma y sistemas de creencias.
perfil del tutor de titulación de tercer nivel. Caso: Facultad de Ciencias Administrativas de la Universidad de Guayaquil, Ecuador
Authors: Hidalgo León José Alonso , Chiriboga Cisneros Edison Fernando
Published: November 2020

La presente investigación tiene por objetivo determinar el perfil del tutor de titulación de tercer nivel tomando el caso de la Facultad de Ciencias Administrativas de la Universidad de Guayaquil en Ecuador. Consecuentemente se aplicó la técnica de grupo focal con los gestores del área de titulación de las 7 carreras vigentes para otorgamiento de títulos, además se realizó una encuesta a 115 docentes tutores de titulación de la facultad que descargan horas en el área respectiva. El perfil del docente-tutor se compone de 3 ejes principales: conocimiento, competencia y experiencia.
Pertinencia de la formación de posgrado en finanzas. Caso Universidad ECOTEC
Authors: Ron Amores Rafael Eduardo , Villena Izurieta Nadia Priscila , Alfonso Caveda Duniesky
Published: November 2020

Para el análisis de pertinencia de la propuesta de maestría se realiza la revisión de los fundamentos teóricos que contribuyen a los ejes estratégicos del Plan de Desarrollo para toda la vida vigente que contribuyan a la propuesta académica y entorno laboral del perfil profesional y con la revisión de datos macroeconómicos como el empleo adecuado, personas trabajando en el entorno financiero y otras variables muestra la importancia en la formación de profesionales más especializados en el área de las Finanzas capaces de analizar sectores productivos y que contribuyen a generar empleo, emprendimiento para el desarrollo local del país. Por tanto, la maestría tiene como objetivo contribuir en la formación de profesionales de alta calidad competitiva en el entorno laboral y profesional para la dirección y administración financiera empresarial, a formar profesionales especializados en área de finanzas.
A Filosofia Econômica do Valor
Authors: Souza Francisco José de
Published: November 2020

Em matéria de Valor econômico, a dificuldade do expositor está em impossível a síntese, dada a imensidade de escritos, de teses de refutações, de revisões, a par de grande número de teorias, que se propõem explicar o valor. Abstrata por natureza, a matéria do valor tem dado “dor de cabeça” aos economistas. Daí a desolada advertência de Charles Gide de que a questão do valor em Economia Política, não obstante a aparência de simplicidade, se constituiu, há séculos, o tormento dos economistas.
Incentivos Fiscais às Cooperativas
Authors: Franke Walmor
Published: November 2020

Com o sistema tributário instituído pela Emenda Constitucional n.º 18, acolhido, com alterações, na Constituição de 1967 e mantido, na sua essência, na Lei Magna em vigor, tombaram as 'seções anteriormente concedidas pelos Estados e Municípios as sociedades cooperativas.