bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A CASE STUDY ON AYURVEDIC MANAGEMENT OF CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE
Authors:   Assistant Professor, Department of Kayachikitsa, Patanjali Bhartiya Ayurvigyan Evum Anusandhan Sansthan, Haridwar., Kumar Srivastava Avinash , Negi Mudita ,   Post Graduate Scholar, Department of Kayachikitsa, Patanjali Bhartiya Ayurvigyan Evum Anusandhan Sansthan Haridwar., a Vandana ,   Post Graduate Scholar, Department of Kayachikitsa, Patanjali Bhartiya Ayurvigyan Evum Anusandhan Sansthan Haridwar., Painuly Paridhi ,   Post Graduate Scholar, Department of Kayachikitsa, Patanjali Bhartiya Ayurvigyan Evum Anusandhan Sansthan Haridwar.
Published: April 2024

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a progressive and irreversible condition that ranks among the leading causes of mortality worldwide. Its development is often linked to hypertension and diabetes, which gradually lead to renal impairment progressing to CKD and potentially to end-stage renal disease. Traditional treatments for CKD, such as dialysis and renal replacement therapy, are financially burdensome for many patients, highlighting the need for alternative, more affordable, and safe approaches. In Ayurveda, CKD is addressed under the concept of mutravah srotas vikar, and also mutrakshaya will be seen which is a main symtpom seen in mutraghata. Seeking an alternative to hemodialysis, a 55-year-old male patient from New Delhi visited the Outpatient Department (OPD) of Kayachikitsa for an Ayurvedic intervention. The treatment approach involved the administration of shamanaushadhi to reduce elevated serum creatinine and blood urea levels. Specific Ayurvedic medications known for their nephroprotective and diuretic properties were prescribed, including Renogrit, Gokshuradi guggulu, Chandraprabha vati, and Punarnavadi madoor. These herbal formulations are believed to exert beneficial effects on kidney function. The holistic Ayurvedic approach aimed to alleviate symptoms, slow down CKD progression, and potentially circumvent the need for hemodialysis. By addressing underlying imbalances and supporting kidney health, Ayurvedic treatment offers a promising alternative for CKD management.
EFFECT OF ALCOHOL ON LEWY BODY DEMENTIA
Authors: Adarsh Ipshita
Published: April 2024

Lewy Body Dementia (LBD) is a neurodegenerative disorder with complex pathological mechanisms. This scientific review explores the relationship between alcohol consumption and LBD. LBD is characterized by the accumulation of Lewy bodies, and intracellular fibrils containing alpha-synuclein. These contribute to neurodegeneration, affecting cognitive and motor functions. LBD holds substantial prevalence, impacting both cognitive and motor domains. Understanding the potential influence of alcohol on LBD is pivotal due to its widespread societal consumption. The aggregation of alpha-synuclein contributes to neuronal dysfunction and degeneration. Dopaminergic dysfunction is a hallmark of LBD, influencing motor symptoms and contributing to cognitive decline. Disruptions in dopaminergic pathways significantly impact disease progression. Alcohol exhibits a potential to interact with alpha-synuclein, influencing its aggregation and contributing to the neuropathological processes observed in LBD. Alcohols impact extends to neurotransmitter modulation and synaptic dysfunction. Disruptions in these crucial processes may exacerbate the neurodegenerative cascade seen in LBD. Contrastingly, specific components within alcoholic beverages may possess neuroprotective properties, potentially mitigating aspects of LBD pathology. Future directions include the development of the criteria for early diagnosis (prodromal DLB) and the establishment of new biomarkers that directly indicate Lewy-related pathology, including ÃŽÂ±-synuclein imaging, biopsies of peripheral tissues (skin, etc.) for the demonstration of ÃŽÂ±-synuclein deposition, and biochemical markers (cerebrospinal fluid/blood), as well as the pathological evaluation of the sensitivity and specificity of the 2017 revised diagnostic criteria.
ASSESSMENT OF THE IMPACT OF DIFFERENT DEVELOPMENTAL STAGES OF SAHLBERGELLAS INGULARIS HAGL. (HEMIPTERA: MIRIDAE) ON CACAO TREES PRODUCTIVITY AND FRUITS GROWTH UNDER FIELD CONDITIONS IN THE CENTRE REGION OF CAMEROON (CENTRAL AFRICA)
Authors:   Laboratory of Zoology, Department of Animal Biology and Physiology, University of Yaounde I, Cameroon., a Yede , Joseph Mahob Raymond ,   Laboratory of Parasitology and Ecology, Department of Animal Biology and Physiology, University of Yaounde I, Cameroon., Serge Mbenoun Masse Paul ,   Laboratory of Zoology, Department of Animal Biology and Physiology, University of Yaounde I, Cameroon., Arnaud Mballa Ndzie Paul ,   Laboratory of Zoology, Department of Animal Biology and Physiology, University of Yaounde I, Cameroon., Felix Bilong Bilong Charles ,   Laboratory of Parasitology and Ecology, Department of Animal Biology and Physiology, University of Yaounde I, Cameroon.
Published: April 2024

Many studies have addressed the impact of mirids,particularlySahlbergellasingularisspecies on cocoa production in WestAfrica. However the effects of different developmental stagesof this insect on host plant remainunknown.This work aimed to evaluate the impact of the different stages of S. singularis on the productivity and growth of the fruits of Amelonado and Trinitariococoa varieties. We counted the number of feeding punctures on fruits as well ascherellesabortion, and measured the size of the surviving specimens then compared these with the control. The observations showed that all the development stages feed on cherelles. The number of feeding punctures upgraded from the larvae L1 stage to L5 irrespective to the cocoa variety, but Amelonado was more infested thanTrinitario. Within each cocoa variety, significant differencesin feeding punctures and aborted cherelles due toS. singularis developmental stages were observed. Trinitariowas relatively more susceptible than Amelonado to all developmental stages of S. singularis and recorded a higher number of abortedcherelles, values ranged from 58%for L1 to 100% for L5.Irrespective of the cocoa variety, these results showed thatolder mirid larval stages(L3, L4 and L5)significantly induced more damage on cocoa productivity, regarding cherelles abortion and size reduction of theinfected fruits. Overall, our findings showed that, compared toyounger larvae (L1 and L2),older ones and adults are more damaging for cocoa production and the economy this data should be incorporated in the IPM programs against S. singularis.
CASE REPORT : A RARE CASE OF CUTANEOUS DESMOID-TYPE FIBROMATOSIS
Authors: Kabbou Soukayna , Eljouari Ouiame , Gallouj Salim
Published: April 2024

Desmoid fibromatosis (DF) is a rare, locally aggressive connective tissue malignancy primarily affecting musculoaponeurotic tissues, representing less than 3% of all neoplasms. This case report presents a 30-year-old male with cutaneous desmoid fibromatosis, a rare variant characterized by a painless, firm mass in the left shoulder region. Histopathological, immunohistochemical, and molecular analyses confirmed the diagnosis of desmoid cutaneous fibromatosis, with positive findings for nuclear beta-catenin. Management involved a multidisciplinary approach, with a conservative strategy due to the tumors size and location, emphasizing regular monitoring for recurrence. Differential diagnosis considerations included dermatomyofibroma and scar tissue. Treatment options for DF vary, with a shift towards observation as the primary strategy, particularly in cases where surgery may result in significant functional impairment. Medical treatment or surgery may be considered in symptomatic or progressive cases. Close surveillance and follow-up imaging are crucial for early detection of disease progression. cutaneous desmoid fibromatosis presents diagnostic challenges, highlighting the importance of early identification and biopsy to prevent misdiagnosis.
PLANTAR CARCINOMA CUNICULATUM: A RARE PRESENTATION IN THE FOOT REGION
Authors: Imane Talhaoui , Ouiame Eljouari , Salim Gallouj
Published: April 2024

Carcinoma cuniculatum is a rare variant of squamous cell carcinoma. The clinical presentation is usually a non-verrucous exophytic plaque or tumor of the plantar region with a penetration in the deep tissues. Histological examination shows a proliferation of well-differentiated keratinocytes. We describe a patient affected by a slowly enlarging tumoral lesion overlying the fifth metatarsum of the left foot. Clinical examination and radiological investigations suggested a chronic osteomyelitis and a first histological examination of a punch biopsy was suggestive of a pseudo-epitheliomatous hyperplasia. The patient underwent several cycles with systemic antibiotics without improvement. Finally, the fifth metatarso was amputated and the skin lesion was completely removed. The histological examination of the whole operatory mass allowed a diagnosis of carcinoma cuniculatum invading the bone.
SCREW DRUM STRUCTURAL PARAMETERS ANALYSIS ON PROPULSION PERFORMANCE IMPACT
Authors:   Shenyang Ligong University School of Mechanical Engineering, Shenyang, Liaoning 110159, China., Zhang Xuhan , Xing Bingnan ,   Chongqing Changan Wangjiang Industrial Group Co., Ltd. Nanjing Innovation Centerï¼ŒNanjing, Jiangsu, 210014 China., Gao Jiandong ,   School Of Mechanical Engineering, Nanjing University Of Science & Technology Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210094 China., Yang Wenxin ,   Shenyang Ligong University School of Mechanical Engineering, Shenyang, Liaoning 110159, China.
Published: April 2024

Screw propeller can perform engineering operations in complex environments and have a wide range of applications. To improve its operational efficiency, it is necessary to analyze the influence of the parameters of the screw drum on the performance indicators of the operation, in order to confirm the structural parameters under the optimal operational efficiency. By coupling the Discrete Element Method (DEM) with RecurDyn, the simulation of the locomotion process of a screw propulsion mechanism in a sand environment is conducted. Output results such as travel speed, maximum traction force, and maximum torque are measured. Through computation, performance indicators including slip ratio, traction coefficient, and dimensionless power can be obtained. By coupling the Discrete Element Method (DEM) with RecurDyn, the simulation of the locomotion process of a screw propulsion mechanism in a sand environment is conducted. Output results such as actual speed, maximum traction force, and maximum torque are measured. Through computation, performance indicators including slip ratio, traction coefficient, and dimensionless power can be obtained. Analyzing the numerical indicators of the propulsion system, it is determined that the optimal structural parameters for the screw propulsion mechanism to operate in a sand environment are a helix angle of 40Â°, aspect ratio of 4, blade height ratio of 0.15, and the number of blades of 4.
CASE REPORT OF CARCINOMA OF BREAST
Authors:   Assistant Professor, M. SC Nursing (Community Health Nursing) Shri Sathya Sai College of Nursing, Under the Unit of Sri Balaji Vidyapeeth University. Ammapettai Village, Kancheepuram District, Pin - 603108., Jancy Rani J. Emy
Published: April 2024

Breast cancer occurs more frequently in the left breast than the right. The left breast is 5%-10% more likely to develop cancer than the right breast. 1 in 8 U.S. women (about 12%) will develop invasive breast cancer over the course of her lifetime. In 2020, an estimated 276,480 new cases of invasive breast cancer are expected to be diagnosed in women in the U.S., along with 48,530 new cases of non-invasive (in situ) breast cancer. About 2,620 new cases of invasive breast cancer are expected to be diagnosed in men in 2020,[1].
STUDYING 18-9 STAINLESS STEEL UNDER THE SAME CONDITIONS OF OIL SHALE HYDROPYROLYSIS AND PREDICTING THE SUITABLE STEEL TO BE USED DURING THIS REACTION
Authors:   Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences Ben msik Casablanca, University Hassan II (Morocco)., Attaoui Abdeljabbar
Published: April 2024

Hydrogen incinerates in most compounds and element due to its small size, so when it is used in oil shale exploitation, it may react with the elements making up the reactor and the steel enclosure forming the exploitation assembly. In this work we will treat an 18-9 stainless steel under the same hydropyrolysis conditions as the Tarfaya oil shale (Morocco) and predict which elements of the steel will not be affected by hydrogen.The advantage of treating oil shale with hydrogen is that it increases the oil yield compared with pyrolysis, and it also makes these oils lighter, as well as forming numerous hydrides with the mineral matrix, which are also fuels.After treating 18-9 stainless steel and using analytical techniques, we selected the elements iron Î² and nickel, which do not undergo alteration in the presence of hydrogen. The analytical techniques used in this work are thermogravimetry using the Red-Croft balance(A.Attaoui :2022) where we carried out the hydrotreatment, calorimetry (DCA) as an amplified calorimetric differential linked to the balance, morphology carried out by SEM (scanning electron microscope) and which is coupled with dispersive X-rays.
PERCEIVED EFFECT OF PHYSICAL EXERCISE ON SMOKING STATUS AMONG SAUDI POPULATION IN THE EASTERN PROVINCE OF KSA: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY
Authors: Al Nasser Abdullah , Al-Abbas Khalid , Al Deheem Abdul-Malik , Al-Sulaiman Aminah
Published: April 2024

Background: Smoking is a well-known risk factor for heart and lung disease and one of the most common causes of lung cancer. Recently, more attention has been focused on interventions that can be utilized in smoking cessation programs including regular exercise. However, there is contradicting evidence regarding the effect of regular exercise on smoking habits and smoking cessation exist in the literature. Aim: The study aims to evaluate the populations perception of the effect of regular exercise on smoking habits and its aid in smoking cessation in the Eastern Province. Materials and Methods: This study was a quantitative cross-sectional analytical study for the Saudi population of the Eastern Province, KSA. Results: The total number of respondents participating in this study was 235. The majority of them were male, had regular physical exercise, with a Bachelors or Diploma educational level and aged 40 years or above. More than half of the participants were smokers and married.More than half of the sample reported that exercise decreases or strongly decreases smoking times and decreases or strongly decreases the desire to quit. Less than half of the participants perceived that exercise decreases the desire, enjoyment and symptoms. A statistically significant difference between educational level, smoking status and physical exercise of respondents and their perceived effect of physical exercise on smoking status was found. Also, there was a statistically significant difference between exercise duration, frequency per week and the perceived effect of physical exercise on smoking status.
Resilience of territorial communities amid the war against Ukraine: The role of budgetary instruments
Authors: Voznyak Halyna , Patytska Khrystyna , Mulska Olha , Zherebylo Iryna , Sorokovyi Danylo
Published: April 2024

Russia’s war against Ukraine has exacerbated challenges and risks to community development. Improving the ability to withstand the shocks of the external and internal environment, adapt to changes in the security environment, respond to threats, maintain sustainable functioning, and recover to the desired equilibrium will contribute to strengthening the resilience of communities. Budgetary instruments are crucial for ensuring the resilience of communities in such conditions. This study aims to identify the impact of budgetary instruments on ensuring the resilience of territorial communities amid the war in Ukraine (the case of Lviv oblast). The methods include a systemic and structural approach (building an information and analytical model of resilience research) and indicative and GAP analysis (identifying the impact of budgetary instruments on community resilience, in particular, local taxes, transfers, and personal income tax (PIT)). The data of 73 communities in Lviv oblast for 2021–2023 were collected. The study shows that the resilience of the territorial communities of Lviv oblast during the study period was at a moderate and above-moderate level; most were in the zones of resistance (resilience indicators ranging from 0.43-0.65) and decreasing resilience (0.42-0.20); the resilience of 8% was at a critically low level (2022–2023). The results estimate that the resilience of 90% communities in 2024 will not change significantly if military PIT is redirected from local to state budgets, except for those communities whose resilience is highly dependent on the amount of military PIT (the decrease in resilience will range from 12.5 to 4.2 percentage points).
The Intersection of Language Impairment and Rehabilitative Language Immersion in Autism: A Comprehensive Analysis
Authors:   Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore 632-014.Tamilnadu, Kannan M. , Meenakshi S. ,   Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore 632-014.Tamilnadu
Published: April 2024

This paper discusses the literature on language acquisition in individuals with autism spectrum disorders (ASD), highlighting rapid changes in the field. Researchers in psycholinguistics are exploring language acquisition theories due to ASD’s significant differences across language, social, and cognitive domains. The study highlights areas where knowledge is lacking and explores potential future directions. While pragmatic deficits are commonly associated with ASD, clinicians and researchers should consider phonological, morph syntactic differences and rehabilitation to change the condition of phonological errors, which impact language comprehension and production.
The Power of Education: How Individuals and Organizations Shape the Future
Authors:   University ''Haxhi Zeka'', Pec/Pejë, Kosovo, Latifi Sadrija Thëllëza , Shehu Lokaj Alma ,   University ''Haxhi Zeka'', Pec/Pejë, Kosovo, Kalac Mersiha ,   University ''Haxhi Zeka'', Pec/Pejë, Kosovo
Published: April 2024

This article aims to explain and empirically prove that human resource management processes and practices influence individual and organizational performance, significantly contributing to the advancement of education in an organizational context. The reliability test was used to measure the level of internal consistency of the construct; Correlation analysis and OLS regression models were used to test the hypothesis. Questionnaires were distributed to 607 employees from 41 companies. The analysis shows that individual and organizational performance grew proportionally to the human resources selection process. There was a strong correlation between individual performance and education/training; a weak correlation between employee compensation and organizational performance; and a moderate correlation between individual performance and career development. Variables such as workforce competencies, motivation, and effective work structures had a strong effect on organizational performance. Based on the findings, we strongly recommend and encourage all companies in this study and beyond to develop a strategic plan to successfully guide their employees and implement processes and practices that improve individual and organizational performance, thus enhancing education in the business context. In the Balkan countries, especially in Kosovo, there is a lack of research on human resource management practices and processes. Therefore, this study will assist organizations in their efforts to improve HRM processes and practices, contributing to a better understanding and implementation of education strategies in organizational settings in this region.
Why do Employees Prefer to Keep Silent? Is Fear of Managers and Management's Approach Causing Employees' Silence?
Authors:   University “Ukshin Hoti” Prizren, Prizren, Kosovo, Spahi Jyxhel , Feridun Elgün Rıza ,   University of New York Tirana, Tirana, Albania, Brina Nuri ,   University “Ukshin Hoti” Prizren, Prizren, Kosovo
Published: April 2024

This study aims to identify why and under what circumstances employees prefer to remain silent. The qualitative method was used to understand the reasons for the employees' silence, for which in-depth interviews were conducted. In this paper, 20 employees of the private sector in Kosovo were interviewed. Of the employees who were interviewed, seven of them are from the production sector, five from the service sector, three from the private education sector, and five from the trade sector. The interview data determined codes and categories, which were analyzed using the content analysis method. The data provided by the interview participants were analyzed through the MAXQDA 2020 qualitative data analysis program. Three categories with 21 codes mentioned in 263 cases were identified during data processing. The results show that the employees' fear of the managers and the management's approach is among the main reasons for the employees' silence. In addition, other reasons impacting employees' silence have been identified and presented in this paper.
An Overview Review of Understanding the Need for Adolescents Sexual and Reproductive Health Interventions
Authors:   Sociology, School of Social Sciences and Languages, VIT University, Chennai Campus, Leena V.S. , Vijayalakshmi V. ,   Sociology, School of Social Sciences and Languages, VIT University, Chennai Campus
Published: April 2024

Adolescents are the most vulnerable group, who are denied to access information and guidance related to sexual and reproductive health needs because of the social taboos that lead them to encumbrances. This review study helps to understand the different perspectives of sexual and reproductive health based on cultural, sociological, physiological, and economical aspects. The paper explains sexuality from the theoretical perspectives. Adolescence is the transitional stage where physiological, biological, and psychological changes occur, at the same time proper knowledge about sexual and reproductive health should be provided with importance of sexual and reproductive health interventions. It intricates the availability and effectiveness of adolescent sexual and reproductive health (ASRH). The methodology is a systematic review with PRISMA guidelines sourced from various databases of PubMed databases, Research Gate, Science Direct, BMC Public Health, Web of Science, SAGE, Scopus, WHO library, and other websites relevant to this study. The recent literature highlighted the importance of sexual and reproductive health interventions among adolescents. The study has concluded with the findings impact of Adolescent Sexual and Reproductive Health (ASRH) intervention programmes and to develop an increase in effective ASRH programmes, which will help the adolescents to know the importance of sexual hygiene and reproductive hygiene.
Attitudes of Parents of Children With Special Needs Towards Inclusive Education
Authors:   Faculty of Education, University of Prishtina, Kosovo, Devolli Ardita , Zabeli Naser ,   Faculty of Education, University of Prishtina, Kosovo
Published: April 2024

Inclusive education is very important for all children especially for those with special needs. In the Republic of Kosovo, the inclusion it is an approach in progress. This study aimed to explore the attitudes of parents of children with special needs towards inclusive education. The current findings of inclusiveness, challenges, risks, benefits and achievements of inclusive education in the Kosovo education system were also analysed. Through a semi-structured interview, ten parents whose children attend regular classes in various schools in pre-university education in Kosovo were interviewed. The results of the research indicate that parents of children with special needs have similar attitudes towards inclusion. In their opinion, it should occur, but they are worried about the challenges that appear. Inclusion is seen as a good opportunity, capacity building, equality, socialization and part of the overall development of the child. Parents recommend improvements in infrastructure conditions and human resources for successful inclusion.
Predicción de la toxicidad de líquidos iónicos utilizando los descriptores moleculares ECFP y ACSF en conjunto con algoritmos de aprendizaje máquina
Authors: Castro-Vázquez Arnulfo , García-Guadarrama Reyna , Gallo Estrada Marco Tulio
Published: April 2024

En este trabajo se describe el proceso de predicción de toxicidad de los líquidos iónicos, en particular con respecto a la línea celular en ratas IPC-81. Se estudiaron 355 estructuras moleculares de líquidos iónicos, cuya geometría tridimensional está codificada mediante cadenas de símbolos en lenguaje Simplified Molecular Input Line Entry System (SMILES). La alimentación de los datos de entrada a los diferentes modelos de aprendizaje máquina requiere que la información geométrica y de contactos atómicos cercanos de cada liquido iónico sea mapeada o trasformada a notación vectorial numérica (xi) utilizando los siguientes descriptores moleculares: funciones de simetría centradas en cada átomo Atom-Centered Symmetry Functions (ACSF), y huellas digitales de conectividad extendida Extended Connectivity Fingerprints (ECFP). Se usaron tres algoritmos de aprendizaje máquina: Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost), Support Vector Regression (SVR) y Kernel Ridge Regression (KRR) para construir el modelo matemático de regresión predictivo que relacione los valores de entrada xi con el valor de respuesta representado por el logaritmo de la concentración media efectiva (yi = logEC50) en la evaluación de toxicidad, usando como métrica del grado de ajuste, el coeficiente de determinación (r2). Los resultados indican que la combinación ECFP, con una distancia radial de 6 vecinos atómicos, en conjunto con el algoritmo KRR, proporciona el mejor ajuste promedio con r2=0.8602±0.032, y con respecto al descriptor molecular ACSF, el mejor ajuste promedio se obtuvo con el algoritmo XGBoost con r2=0.8029±0.055.
A scientific evaluation of Mental Health through Ayurveda
Authors: Soniya Seshan  , Man Mohan Sharma  , Nidhi Soni  , Suman Meena
Published: April 2024

Mental health is an important aspect of overall wellbeing, as it allows individuals to recognize their own capabilities, manage everyday stress, be productive, and contribute to their community. According to Ayurveda, life consists of four interconnected elements: the body (Sarira), the sensory and motor faculties (Indriya), and the mind (Sattva), and the soul (Atma). Achieving a healthy life requires a harmonious balance of these components, encompassing physical, mental, sensory and spiritual aspects. Ayurveda also emphasizes the significance of mental health, including qualities such as a balanced and pleasant state of mind, cheerfulness, satisfactory sleep, stable mental faculties, active senses, and control over negative emotions, resilience in the face of adversity, and the ability to adapt. Ayurveda has various methods to evaluate mental health, including the assessment through Manasika Prakriti (Sattvika, Rajasika and Tamasika), Nadi Pariksha, Prajnaparadha, Ashta Vibhrama as mentioned in Unmada Nidana of Charaka Samhitha, and Sattva Pariksha as described in Dasavidha Pariksha. The main purpose of this evaluation is for establishing a proper diagnosis as well as prognosis of a disease. This review articles elaborates the scientific tools mentioned in Ayurveda to evaluate mental health.
Concept of Kleda in accordance to Kriya Sharir - A Review Article
Authors: Kiran Lalwani  , D.T. Kodape  , Sunil Topare  , Kiran Pawar
Published: April 2024

Concept of Kleda may not yet have any recognized clinical value as it is not specifically addressed in any Ayurvedic texts. Our Classical text doesn’t particularly mention it in any of its quotations. However, we are all aware that the term "Kleda" appears throughout Bruhatrayi. Kleda is an integral bhava in human body with physiological, pathological and therapeutic importance. It has different meaning in different context. Acharya Charaka identified this as one among the Six Ahara Pariṇamakara Bhava, factors essential for biotransformation of diet, thus helping in the digestion and metabolism process. It also helps in other vital functions of the body i.e., circulation, respiration, excretion, and protection of the skin through sweating as well. It is a factor responsible for moisture, thus it may be considered as water in the body, present in various forms. Generally, water (Udaka) is moisturizing agent. Kleda and Udaka may be synonymous but Udaka when performs a specific function of Kledana (moistening, wetting or liquifying) then it is known as Kleda. The amount of Kleda is balanced by removal of excess Kleda in the form of Sweda and Mutra.
Clinical understanding of Garbhini Paricharya : Routine care for pregnant women through Ayurveda
Authors: Renu Swami  , Bajrang Ramawat
Published: April 2024

Introduction: Ayurveda classics give importance to caring of mother before, during and after pregnancy. Care during nine months of pregnancy is termed as Antenatal care or Garbhini Paricharya. Garbini Paricharya is one of its concepts explaining the importance of establishment of health of a woman before delivery; directing physicians and Gharbhini to adopt certain recommendation of Aahara, Vihara & Yoga and Pranayama. Material & Method: Literature is collected by Brihatrayi and Laghutrayi, all available Ayurvedic classic, modern available texts, magazines, journals, and research papers. Result: Garbhini Paricharya as described in Ayurveda classics is unique and specific. So by following proper Ayurvedic Gharbhini Paricharya would result in proper development of foetus and prepare pregnant women for Sukhprasava physically, psychologically and spiritually. Discussion: Now present modern and busy working life women are facing many complications and other health related issue after conceiving and during the pregnancy period. Thousand year of ago our classical texts Ayurveda described most important Gharbhini Paricharya for Gharbhini. It is totally scientific and too much beneficial for foetus and mother both. The concept of prenatal care is now highlighted in modern science, which is mentioned in Ayurveda thousands of years ago.
Ayurvedic management in case of Vishwachi (Cervical Radiculopathy): A Case Report
Authors: Ratnesh Kumar Shukla  , Shraddha Sharma  , Shrikant Lodhi
Published: April 2024

Cervical problems are very similar to Vata Vyadhi disorders. Thus, in the current investigation, in Vata Dosha Janya Vyadhi management by Brimhana Chikitsa is very effective. A disease known as Vishwachi has been described in Ayurvedic Samhitas as one of these illnesses. The symptoms of Cervical Radiculopathy, such as pain in neck region which is radiating to the upper limbs and sometimes restricted neck movements, have been explained in Internal Medicine books (Davidsons, Harrison). Vishwachi is a Vataja Nanatmaja Vyadhi. According to several Acharyas Ruja, Stambhata, Todan, Karmakshaya, and Chestapaharana of Bahus are symptoms that affects the cervical region and upper extremities. According to Acharya Dalhana, the treatment of Vishwachi is similar to Gridhrasi, a disorder that affects the unilateral or bilateral lower extremities and divided into two types: Vataja and Vatakaphaja. Vishwachi has symptoms which are comparable to Cervical Radiculopathy, a degenerative disorder of the cervical spinal part. Nasya Karma has been described as the treatment of Shirogata Vyadhis. Dhatukshaya is a main contributor of disease to the development of Vishwachi. Present study is an effort made to better understanding of disease and its management.
Exploring the efficacy of Ayurvedic interventions in managing Chronic Kidney Disease: A Pilot Study
Authors: Abhishek Semwal  , Sharad Johri  , Amit Rajpoot
Published: April 2024

Introduction: Chronic Renal Failure (CKD) refers to a continual, irreversible reduction in nephron count. Identifying risk factors for CKD, even in those with normal GFR, is crucial factors include hypertension, diabetes, autoimmune issues, older age, African ancestry, family history of renal disease, previous acute renal failure, and indications like proteinuria or structural urinary tract irregularities. Materials and Methods: Study was conducted at the O.P.D. of Dept. of Kayachikitsa, State Ayurveda College & Hospital Lucknow. A total 34 patients were screened out of which 30 Patients meeting inclusion criteria were registered. The patient was given Gokshuradi Guggulu, Mutraghata Har Yoga (MGH Yoga) & Trina Panchmula Kwatha. Results: Out of 26 participants, 57.7% reported relief, 15.4% noted moderate improvement, and 7.7% reported mild improvement. Additionally, 19.2% stated no change, and none reported worsened health. These percentages indicate the intervention's potential effectiveness, with the majority experiencing relief. Discussion: Ayurvedic formulations, such as Trinpanchmool Kwath, Gokshuradi Guggulu, And MGH Yoga, exhibit promise in CKD management by addressing oxidative stress, diuretic action, and nephroprotective qualities.
Analysis of the Glycoside Composition of Calendula Extract
Authors: Yankiv K. F. , Evdokimova M. S. , Gorelova M. I.
Published: April 2024

Purpose of research. The aim of the article is to comparatively analyse the glycoside (flavonoid) composition of liquid dosage forms containing calendula medicinalis as an initial raw material.

Methods. To achieve this goal, methods for extracting medicinal plant materials were studied, scientific literature on the research topic was analyzed, qualitative and quantitative analysis was carried out, and the obtained UV spectra were examined. Obtaining liquid dosage forms from Calendula officinalis flowers was carried out using a Soxhlet extractor and the maceration method. The optimal conditions for the extraction of glycosides were determined by varying the ratio of raw materials and extractant, as well as the concentration of the extractant. For quantitative assessment, the content of extractive substances in the resulting dosage forms was calculated. Confirmation of the presence of flavonoid compounds was carried out using UV spectroscopy. A comparative analysis of the content of flavonoids in liquid dosage forms based on calendula officinalis was carried out.

Results. As a result, liquid dosage forms were obtained from calendula officinalis flowers by two different methods, using different formulations, extraction was carried out by maceration and circulating extraction in a Soxlet apparatus, in ratios of 1:5 and 1:10, different concentrations of ethyl alcohol were also used (40%, 70%, 96%). Optimal extraction conditions were determined – for this raw material, the best indicators were achieved when obtaining the dosage form using the Soxlet extractor, in addition, according to the experiment, the concentration of ethyl alcohol, which extracts more target components, is 70%, the most effective ratio is 1:5.

Conclusion. The study examined changes in the glycosidic (flavonoid) composition in dosage forms prepared independently according to various recipes and drugs obtained in pharmaceutical production. The use of flavonoid extraction methods provides a great opportunity for further scientific research into the extraction of dietary supplements for the purpose of their production.
Mechanical Properties and Corrosion Resistance of Hot-Pressed Dysprosium Molybdate Samples
Authors: Eremeeva Z. V. , Sharipzyanova G. H. , Levina V. V.
Published: April 2024

The purpose of this work was to study the consolidation features using hot pressing method of dysprosium molybdate billets and to study their mechanical properties and corrosion resistance.

Methods. The technological and physical properties of the mechanosynthesised dysprosium molybdate powder were investigated. Properties and structure of the obtained dysprosium molybdate powder were studied by methods of chemical and X-ray phase analyses and scanning electron microscopy. Bulk density of dysprosium molybdate powder was studied according to GOST 19440-94. Flowability of dysprosium molybdate powder was determined according to GOST 20899-75. The specific surface of dysprosium molybdate was determined using a specific surface analyser NOVA 1200e (USA) by the method of low-temperature nitrogen adsorption (BET). X-ray phase analysis of mechanosynthesised dysprosium molybdate powder was carried out on a diffractometer

Results. The bending strength of hot-pressed dysprosium molybdate specimens was determined, it was found that the highest value of the bending strength was recorded for these specimens at a pressing pressure of 35 MPa and is 314 MPa. The corrosion resistance of hot-pressed dysprosium molybdate samples in aqueous coolant at a temperature of 100 °C was studied. It was recorded that the mass of the mechanosynthesised dysprosium molybdate specimens remained practically unchanged throughout the corrosion resistance test in aqueous coolant.

Conclusion. Tests on corrosion resistance have shown absence of change of mass of samples from dysprosium molybdate during 60 hours. The bending strength of samples from dysprosium molybdate obtained by hot pressing at pressure 35 Pa, temperature 1400 oÑ and time of holding under pressure 5 min is 314 MPa.
Transforming Primary Care Data Into the Observational Medical Outcomes Partnership Common Data Model: Development and Usability Study
Authors: Fruchart Mathilde , Quindroit Paul , Jacquemont Chloé , Beuscart Jean-Baptiste , Calafiore Matthieu , Lamer Antoine
Published: April 2024

Background

Patient-monitoring software generates a large amount of data that can be reused for clinical audits and scientific research. The Observational Health Data Sciences and Informatics (OHDSI) consortium developed the Observational Medical Outcomes Partnership (OMOP) Common Data Model (CDM) to standardize electronic health record data and promote large-scale observational and longitudinal research.

Objective

This study aimed to transform primary care data into the OMOP CDM format.

Methods

We extracted primary care data from electronic health records at a multidisciplinary health center in Wattrelos, France. We performed structural mapping between the design of our local primary care database and the OMOP CDM tables and fields. Local French vocabularies concepts were mapped to OHDSI standard vocabularies. To validate the implementation of primary care data into the OMOP CDM format, we applied a set of queries. A practical application was achieved through the development of a dashboard.

Results

Data from 18,395 patients were implemented into the OMOP CDM, corresponding to 592,226 consultations over a period of 20 years. A total of 18 OMOP CDM tables were implemented. A total of 17 local vocabularies were identified as being related to primary care and corresponded to patient characteristics (sex, location, year of birth, and race), units of measurement, biometric measures, laboratory test results, medical histories, and drug prescriptions. During semantic mapping, 10,221 primary care concepts were mapped to standard OHDSI concepts. Five queries were used to validate the OMOP CDM by comparing the results obtained after the completion of the transformations with the results obtained in the source software. Lastly, a prototype dashboard was developed to visualize the activity of the health center, the laboratory test results, and the drug prescription data.

Conclusions

Primary care data from a French health care facility have been implemented into the OMOP CDM format. Data concerning demographics, units, measurements, and primary care consultation steps were already available in OHDSI vocabularies. Laboratory test results and drug prescription data were mapped to available vocabularies and structured in the final model. A dashboard application provided health care professionals with feedback on their practice.
Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia Prediction Models Based on AI: Scoping Review
Authors: Zhang Jinbo , Yang Pingping , Zeng Lu , Li Shan , Zhou Jiamei
Published: April 2024

Background

Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is a serious complication of mechanical ventilation therapy that affects patients’ treatments and prognoses. Owing to its excellent data mining capabilities, artificial intelligence (AI) has been increasingly used to predict VAP.

Objective

This paper reviews VAP prediction models that are based on AI, providing a reference for the early identification of high-risk groups in future clinical practice.

Methods

A scoping review was conducted in accordance with the PRISMA-ScR (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews) guidelines. The Wanfang database, the Chinese Biomedical Literature Database, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, PubMed, MEDLINE, and Embase were searched to identify relevant articles. Study selection and data extraction were independently conducted by 2 reviewers. The data extracted from the included studies were synthesized narratively.

Results

Of the 137 publications retrieved, 11 were included in this scoping review. The included studies reported the use of AI for predicting VAP. All 11 studies predicted VAP occurrence, and studies on VAP prognosis were excluded. Further, these studies used text data, and none of them involved imaging data. Public databases were the primary sources of data for model building (studies: 6/11, 55%), and 5 studies had sample sizes of <1000. Machine learning was the primary algorithm for studying the VAP prediction models. However, deep learning and large language models were not used to construct VAP prediction models. The random forest model was the most commonly used model (studies: 5/11, 45%). All studies only performed internal validations, and none of them addressed how to implement and apply the final model in real-life clinical settings.

Conclusions

This review presents an overview of studies that used AI to predict and diagnose VAP. AI models have better predictive performance than traditional methods and are expected to provide indispensable tools for VAP risk prediction in the future. However, the current research is in the model construction and validation stage, and the implementation of and guidance for clinical VAP prediction require further research.
Investigating the accuracy of Garmin PPG sensors on differing skin types based on the Fitzpatrick scale: Cross-Sectional Comparison Study (Preprint)
Authors: Icenhower Annie Liang , Murphy Claire Marie , Brooks Amber Keller , Irby Megan Bennett , N'dah Kindia William , Robison Justin , Fanning Jason
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND

Commercial wearable devices, which are often capable of estimating heart rate via photoplethysmography (PPG), are increasingly used in health promotion. In recent years, researchers have investigated whether the accuracy of PPG-measured heart rate varies based on skin pigmentation, focusing particularly on accuracy of such devices among users with darker skin tones. As such, manufacturers of wearable devices have implemented strategies to improve accuracy. Given the ever-changing nature of the wearable device industry and the important health implications of providing accurate heart rate estimates for all individuals no matter their skin color, it is imperative that studies exploring the impact of pigmentation on PPG accuracy are regularly replicated.

OBJECTIVE

We aimed to contrast heart rate readings collected via PPG using the Garmin Forerunner 45 in comparison with an ECG during various levels of physical activity across a diverse group of participants representing a range of skin tones.

METHODS

Heart rate data were collected from adult participants (18-64 years of age) at a single study session using the Garmin Forerunner 45 PPG-equipped smartwatch and the Polar H10 ECG chest strap. Skin tone was self-reported via the Fitzpatrick scale. Each participant completed two 10-minute bouts of moderate intensity walking or jogging separated by a 10-minute bout of light walking.

RESULTS

A series of mixed ANOVAs indicated no significant interaction between Fitzpatrick score and phase of the activity bout (i.e., rest at start, first intensity ramp-up phase, first steady-state phase, active rest, second ramp-up phase, second steady-state phase). Likewise, there was no significant main effect for Fitzpatrick score, though there was a significant main effect for phase, which was driven by greater ECG-recorded heart rate relative to PPG during the first ramp-up phase.

CONCLUSIONS

Our findings support prior research demonstrating no significant impact of skin tone on PPG-measured heart rate, with significant differences between PPG- and ECG-measured heart rate emerging during dynamic changes in activity intensity. As commercial heart rate monitoring technology and software continue to evolve, it will be vital to revisit the impact of skin tone and other individual-level factors on sensor accuracy, especially as new and more robust measures of skin tone are made accessible.
Assessing the Data Quality Dimensions of Partial and Complete Mastectomy Cohorts in the All of Us Research Program: A Cross-Sectional Study (Preprint)
Authors: Spotnitz Matthew , Ostchega Yechiam , Giannini John , Goff Stephanie L , Anandan Lakshmi Priya , Clark Emily , Berman Lew
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND

Breast cancer is prevalent among women in the United States. Non-metastatic disease is treated by partial or complete mastectomy procedures. However, the rates of those procedures vary across practices. Generating real-world evidence on breast cancer surgery could lead to improved and consistent practices.

OBJECTIVE

The paper aims to determine whether All of Us data are fit for use in generating real-world evidence on mastectomy procedures.

METHODS

Our mastectomy phenotype consisted of adult female participants who had CPT4 or SNOMED codes for a partial or complete mastectomy procedure. We evaluated the phenotype with a novel data quality framework that consisted of five elements: conformance, completeness, concordance, plausibility, and temporality. Also, we used a previously developed adjectival rating matrix with categories of poor (providing little to no data), fair (using only internal EHR data), and good (using internal and external benchmark/data) to evaluate each data quality dimension (DQD). Our subgroup analysis compared partial to complete mastectomy procedure phenotypes.

RESULTS

There were 3,704 participants in the partial or complete mastectomy cohort. The geospatial distribution of our cohort varied substantially across states. For example, our cohort consisted of 817 (22.1%) participants from Massachusetts but fewer than 20 participants from multiple other states. We compared the sociodemographics of the partial (n = 2,445) and complete (n = 1,259) mastectomy subgroups. Those groups differed in the distribution of education (P = .02) and income (P < .001) levels using chi-square analysis. The DQD conformance was rated as good. A total of 3,216 (86.7%) participants in our cohort had CPT4 codes for a mastectomy that did not conform to a SNOMED standard. The DQD completeness was rated as fair. The prevalence of breast cancer related concepts was higher in our cohort compared to adult female participants who did not have a mastectomy procedure (P < .001). The DQD concordance was rated as fair. In both the partial and complete mastectomy subgroups, the correlations among concepts were consistent with the clinical management of breast cancer. The DQD plausibility was rated as fair. Although we did not have external benchmark comparisons, the distributions of concepts by age group and time were consistent with expectations. The DQD temporality was rated as fair. The median time between biopsy and mastectomy was seven weeks.

CONCLUSIONS

Our data quality framework was implemented successfully on a mastectomy phenotype. Moreover, the framework allowed us to differentiate breast-conserving therapy and complete mastectomy subgroups in the All of Us data. The results of our analysis could be informative for future breast cancer studies with the OMOP CDM.