bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Multilayer Stacked Probabilistic Belief Network-Based Brain Tumor Segmentation and Classification
Authors: Raghavendra S. , Harshavardhan A. , Neelakandan S. , Partheepan R. , Walia Ranjan , Rao V. Chandra Shekhar
Published: May 2022

One of the deadliest diseases in the world is brain cancer. Children and adults are also susceptible to this malignancy. It also has the poorest rate of survival and comes in a variety of shapes, textures, and sizes, depending on where it is found. Bad things will happen if the tumour brain is misclassified. As a reason, early detection of the right kind and grade of tumour is critical in determining the best treatment strategy. Brain tumours may be identified by looking at magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) pictures of the patient’s brain. The manual method becomes time-consuming and may lead to human mistakes due to the huge quantities of data and the different kinds of brain tumours. As a result, a computer-assisted diagnostic (CAD) system is needed. Image categorization methods have advanced significantly in recent years, particularly deep learning networks, which have achieved success in this field. In this case, we used a multilayer stacked probabilistic belief network to accurately classify brain tumors. Here the MRI brain images are Pre-processed using the Hybrid Butter worth Anisotropic filter and contrast Blow up Histogram Equalization. Followed by pre-processing, the denoised image can be segmented by using the bounding box U-NET segmentation methodology. Then after segmenting the target, the specialized features regarding the tumor can be extracted using the In-depth atom embedding method. Then they obtained can reduce feature dimensionality by using the Backward feature eliminating green wing optimization. The extracted features can be given as input for the classification process. A Multilayer stacked probabilistic belief network is then used to classify the tumour as malignant or benign. The suggested system’s efficacy was tested on the BraTS dataset, which yielded a high level of accuracy. Subjective comparison study is also performed out among the suggested technique and certain state-of-the-art methods, according to the work presented. Experiments show that the proposed system outperforms current methods in terms of assisting radiologists in identifying the size, shape, and location of tumors in the human brain.
Portfolio optimization by price-to-earnings ratio network analysis
Authors: Yan Xiangzhen , Yang Hanchao , Hou Chunxiao , Zhang Shuguang , Zhu Peican
Published: May 2022

This paper introduces Price-to-Earnings Ratio Network (PEN) analysis as an alternative to mean–variance analysis for portfolio optimization. The equivalence among Price-to-Earnings (P/E) ratios, node degree distribution and capital allocation distribution is established with a Havel–Hakimi network structure. Such equivalences allow network entropy to be a measure of portfolio diversification and robustness. Our empirical analysis finds a linear correlation between in-sample network entropy and out-of-sample portfolio returns. Then, a return-entropy efficient frontier is introduced to interpret the return-diversification trade-offs. Further, we compare the out-of-sample performance of portfolios optimized with PEN analysis against those optimized with mean–variance analysis, showing that PEN-optimized portfolios outperform mean–variance efficient portfolios in returns, given a low-to-medium P/E ratio level. This outcome accords with the P/E effect that stocks with low P/E ratios are undervalued and will provide increased returns in the future. In addition, regarding global financial risk events such as the financial crisis in 2008, the Euro debt crisis in 2013 and Brexit in 2016, this study finds that the PEN-optimized portfolio size increased significantly (even to more than 300 stocks) to mitigate systemic risk, while mean–variance efficient portfolios were not sufficiently diversified.
Closed form solutions of Gerdjikov–Ivanov equation in nonlinear fiber optics involving the beta derivatives
Authors: Gu Yongyi , Liao Liangwen
Published: May 2022

In this paper, the closed form solutions of Gerdjikov–Ivanov equation with the beta derivatives are studied. This equation has quintic nonlinearity coefficients and group velocity dispersion, which shows the pulse behaviors in nonlinear fiber optics. It also has lots of significant applications in photonic crystal fibers. To this end, abundant families of closed form solutions in single or combined forms such as bright, singular, dark-singular are obtained by two systematic methods. Moreover, chaotic solutions are emerge as well. In order to understand dynamic behaviors of the begotten results, some computer simulations of the solutions are presented via some graphs with different values of the parameter beta. The results show that the approaches in this paper are efficient and direct methods to solve various fractional differential equations in mathematical physics.
The Influence of Institutional Environment on the Development of Technology-Intensive Start-Ups: The Case of Austria
Authors: Chang Yu-Yu , Wannamakok Wisuwat , Schatzl Katharina
Published: May 2022

This study draws upon institutional theory to investigate how the country’s institutional framework fosters start-up activities or causes a bottleneck that diminishes Austrians’ entrepreneurship. Through a multiple case study approach based on in-depth interviews with five start-up founders, our findings illustrate the impacts of the Austrian institutional environment on new venture initiatives. Among many institutional factors, incubation centres, administrative bureaucracies, and financial burdens appear to have the strongest effects on early-stage start-up activities in Austria. This paper concludes by providing theoretical insight and political implications on establishing institutional systems that streamline interactions between government, the local community, and start-up companies.
Strong Motion Models for Duration and Arias Intensity for Strong Motion Records in Chile
Authors: Céspedes S. , Boroschek R. , Ruiz R. O.
Published: May 2022

Chile presents a high seismicity and very particular characteristics due to its subductive environment and high convergence rate of the interacting plates. In this paper, ground motion models (GMM) for Arias Intensity and strong ground motion duration are developed based on recently compiled Chilean earthquakes records. The Chilean derived GMM are later compared with global and subduction models. For the duration case, two definitions are considered: significant duration and bracketed duration. Care is taken to consider newly define rupture areas for the major earthquake in the catalog, which allows to redefine the distances to be used in the analysis. The strong motion records are processed using robust techniques and standardized procedures. The model parameters are selected using a Bayesian updating method. This allows to estimate the parameters as well as their corresponding uncertainties recognizing the variability of the coefficients and of the selected model. The derived ground motion predictive model associated is validated through a residual analysis and probability distributions, obtained from the adjustment method. Additionally, for the bracketed duration analysis, a classification method based on Support Vector Machine (SVM) is used, with the aim to incorporate the records with duration of zero seconds. The comparison of the resultant model with the existing ones allows to confirm the differences that the tectonic Chilean environment produces, characterized mainly by a high relative convergence rate between plates and interplate thrust earthquakes with high magnitudes.
IMPLICATIONS OF THE DIGITAL ECONOMY ON POLICY-MAKING
Authors: YAP TSUE ING , BORHAN AMEERA DAYANA
Published: May 2022

Digitalization has led to fundamental changes in the way people behave and live, and the way organizations, societies and nations operate. Although digitalization has brought about enormous benefits in general, it has also made the work of policymakers ever more challenging. A key responsibility of policymakers is consumer protection and this task is made ever more complicated with issues of data privacy and data ownership since many institutions and companies are now able to gather granular consumer data over transactions and the Internet of Things (IoT). For effective policy-making, policymakers need the right data and information. This is no longer straightforward with issues of valuation and measurement — how does one measure digitalization and its outputs, particularly with some new-age products and services being free and are readily available? Moreover, digitalization has brought with it wide-ranging implications for the labor market (such as with the rise of gig economy), education, tax laws, economic policies and financial stability, which force policymakers to continuously keep abreast on emerging technological trends and to ensure their policies are up-to-date. This paper attempts to analyze various literature studies and draw some insights on issues that policymakers need to be mindful of in the digital age. Some potential recommendations will be tabled for discussion and further research.
Plant green pigment of chlorophyllin attenuates inflammatory bowel diseases by suppressing autophagy activation in mice
Authors: Zhang Tianci , Zhang Ruofei , Zhao Guangfu , Liu Wei , Pan Liwei , Tong Ying , Jiang Mingshan , Zhang Hu , Xiao Zhixiong , Pandol Stephen J. , Fu Xiansheng , Han Yuan-Ping , Zheng Xiaofeng
Published: May 2022

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic and recurrent gastrointestinal disease, while the etiology remains poorly understood. Dietary composition and lifestyle are crucial for pathogenesis and progression of IBD. In this study, we observed that autophagy in the intestinal tissue was persistently activated in IBD mice. Chlorophyllin (CHL), a water-soluble derivate of chlorophyll, can attenuate colitis by regulating autophagy and inflammation. Thus, consumption of green vegetables and chlorophyllin may be beneficial for IBD recovery.
G Protein Subunit Gamma 5 Is a Prognostic Biomarker and Correlated with Immune Infiltrates in Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Wang Hang , Yu Liang , Cui Yunfu , Huang Jiaxin
Published: May 2022

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the malignancies with an extremely inferior prognosis in the abdominal cavity, making it essential to develop more effective biomarkers for HCC. Although GNG5 has been linked to increased patient survival in a variety of human malignancies, no evidence has been found for its involvement in the development of HCC yet. Our study first analyzed the expression and prognosis of GNG5 in HCC using The Cancer Genome Atlas database (TCGA database) with the Gene Expression Omnibus database (GEO database) and found that GNG5 has a potential oncogenic role. Based on survival analysis, the clinical importance and prognostic value of the GNG5 gene were studied. Relying on tumor Immune Estimation Resource database (TIMER database), we analyzed the correlation between the GNG5 gene and HCC Immune infiltration cells. GNG5 expression levels were significantly higher in HCC tissues compared to normal liver tissues. HCC patients with high GNG5 expression had significantly reduced overall survival time and affected multiple immune cell infiltrates. Additionally, KEGG functional enrichment analysis indicated the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway as the most promising carcinogenic pathway associated with GNG5. This is the first comprehensive revelation of GNG5 as a possible new biological marker associated with immune infiltration in HCC. Additionally, it holds promise as an emerging target for HCC immunotherapy.
Path of Regional Economic Transformation and Upgrading Based on Recurrent Neural Network
Authors: Liang GuoJun , Zhao Aiping , Xin Xueshuang
Published: May 2022

At present, the development of the regional economy is very rapid and widespread. However, due to increasingly prominent problems such as the low level of technological innovation and the unreasonable industrial structure, the economic growth rate has declined. Therefore, it is particularly important to use the circular economy network to study the transformation and upgrading of the regional economy. It clarifies the stakeholders in the process of transformation and upgrading of manufacturing enterprises. Its benefits in the network are given, and symptoms and mobilization methods and the obstacles and solutions to the development of mobilization among various subjects are drawn. In addition, it also emphasizes the equivalence between intelligent products and human subjects in this network. Because of the intelligence carried by products under the current background, diversified connotations and functions are becoming more and more abundant. The empirical results show that the pulling coefficients of residents’ consumption level, the development of modern service industry, and urbanization rate to economic growth are 0.1812, 0.7165, and 0.1635, respectively, while the pulling coefficient of Gini coefficient to economic growth is −0.1785.
Characteristic Analysis and Route Optimization of Heterogeneous Neural Network in Logistics Allocation System
Authors: Zeng Qingju
Published: May 2022

Logistics distribution vehicle scheduling plays an important role in the supply chain. With the wide application of e-commerce technology and the increasing diversification of urban industrial and commercial development mode, the optimal scheduling of logistics distribution vehicles can improve the economic benefits of logistics and realize the scientization of logistics. Aiming at the problems existing in the logistics allocation system, this paper proposes a logistics allocation system model based on a heterogeneous neural network, uses the heterogeneous neural network to optimize vehicle scheduling, and gives the specific steps to solve the problem of optimal scheduling of distribution vehicles. The simulation consequences exhibit that the proposed technique cannot solely efficaciously clear up the automobile scheduling optimization model and however additionally has low pc complexity, excessive computational effectivity, and speedy convergence speed. The practicability and effectiveness of the improved algorithm are verified. When the number of distribution customers and distribution cycle is the same, the proposed algorithm effectively reduces the total distribution mileage, reduces the number of vehicles, and improves the efficiency of logistics distribution.
Optical Property Stability of Light-Cured versus Precured CAD-CAM Composites
Authors: Andrade A. C. M. , Borges A. B. , Kukulka E. C. , Moecke S. E. , Scotti N. , Comba A. , Pucci C. R. , Torres C. R. G.
Published: May 2022

Objective. The aim of this study was to evaluate the optical property changes after staining of precured (PC) and light-cured (LC) composites. Materials and Methods. Specimens were prepared using different LC composites (GrandioSO—Voco, Filtek Z350-3M/ESPE, Opallis—FGM, and Kalore—GC) and four PC blocks (Grandio Blocs—Voco, Lava Ultimate—3M ESPE, Brava Block—FGM, and Cerasmart—GC) from the same manufacturers (n = 20). Baseline color, gloss, translucency, and fluorescence were evaluated. The staining protocol was performed for 15 days, and the final optical properties were reevaluated. Results. The changes in each property were calculated (ΔGloss, ΔTranslucency, ΔFluorescency, ΔE 

∗

 00). Data were analyzed by ANOVA and Tukey’s test (α = 5%). Changes in all properties were observed after staining for all materials, with darkening and reduction of gloss, fluorescence, and translucency. Nonsignificant differences were observed between the light-cured and precured materials of the same manufacturer for ΔG and ΔT, but significant differences existed for ΔF and ΔE 

∗

 00. For ΔF, the only significant differences were observed between Brava Block and Opallis (smaller). For ΔE 

∗

 00, only the light-cured composites GrandioSO and Z350 showed significantly less change than the corresponding blocks. Precured composites were affected the same way as light-cured ones by the staining in relation to the reduction of gloss and translucency. Conclusion. A higher reduction in fluorescence was observed for only one brand of block and was similar for the others. The two brands of light-cured materials showed less staining, while for the others, the staining was similar. The effects of staining vary according to the composite formulation.
Research on an Intelligent Identification and Classification Method of Complex Holes in Triangle Meshes for 3D Printing
Authors: Zhang Shanhui , Wei Wei , Wu Wei
Published: May 2022

In triangular mesh models, the repair of complex hole poses a difficult problem, which always causes serious repair defects. Therefore, it is needed to develop an intelligent identification and classification method of complex holes to reduce repair difficulties. First, the topological structure of the complex hole is studied and all the holes are divided into single holes and continuous holes depending on whether there are intersection points. Second, to tackle the nesting and connecting of complex continuous holes, a decomposition method of multiply connected domains based on intersection points is proposed to partition or reconstruct complex continuous holes into single holes. Based on the different geometric structures, single holes are classified into five common hole types and a corresponding identification method of single holes is presented. Finally, an experiment is carried out to verify the repair quality and efficiency of the proposed method. Compared with Geomagic software, the proposed method can automatically identify and partition complex holes with fewer defects and similar efficiency. It can reduce the difficulties of repairing complex holes and enable the repair of complex holes based on existing methods. It is shown that the method can be applied to complex hole repair of 3D printing models without the participation of technicians.
Experimental Analysis on Tribological Characteristics of AZ60A/Gr/BN Magnesium Composites
Authors: Mahesha C. R. , Deshmukh R. G. , Sunagar Prashant , Chandrasekaran M. , Kumar B. S. Praveen , Pratyush Kumar , Gopalan Anitha , Sisay Asefa
Published: May 2022

In this particular instance, Taguchi methods are being used to look into how magnesium alloy (AZ60A) hybridized metal matrix composite wears. Using the stir casting method, they were made into the shape they were. Pin‐on‐disk tribometer instrument was used to figure out how much dry sliding wear happened on hybridized composites at different loads (30 N, 60 N, and 90 N), sliding speeds (1.045 m/s, 1.59 m/s, and 2.08 m/s), and compositions (1, 2, and 3 wt percent of each of boron nitride and graphite). We used the Taguchi strategy and the design of experiment method to look at how hybrid composites wear. The analysis of variance was used to look at the wear rate.
Motor‐Sparing Neural Ablation with Modified Techniques for Knee Pain: Case Series on Knee Osteoarthritis and Updated Review of the Underlying Anatomy and Available Techniques
Authors: Ng Tony Kwun-tung , Lam King Hei Stanley , Allam Abdallah El-Sayed
Published: May 2022

Knee osteoarthritis (KOA) is ubiquitous. However, effective pain managements for patients with grades 3 or 4 KOA for whom conservative treatments are unsuccessful, but for whom surgery is not an option, remain lacking. This case series presented two motor‐sparing interventional pain treatment modalities for five such patients. Three of the patients with a mean total WOMAC score of 41 underwent thermal radiofrequency (RF) ablation using a modified motor‐sparing approach. One‐week and four‐week post‐RF, the total score dropped to 27 (by 34%) and 19 (dropped 53.7%), respectively. Two other similar patients with a mean total WOMAC score 96 underwent chemical neurolysis using a motor‐sparing approach with modified landmarks. The WOMAC score dropped to 58.5 (by 39.1%) and 49 (dropped by 49.0%), one‐week and four‐week postchemical neurolysis, respectively. A narrative review of the currently available approaches is also provided, with the conclusion that neural ablation using the modified landmarks approach may achieve better pain control and preserve the motor functions for patients with severe KOA for whom conservative treatment was unsuccessful and who are not candidates for surgery.
Correlation Analysis between Tamoxifen and Lumbar Intervertebral Disc Degeneration: A Retrospective Case-Control Study
Authors: Li Xiangyu , Zhao Ruoyu , Rudd Samuel , Ding Wenyuan , Yang Sidong
Published: May 2022

Objectives. To investigate the correlation between tamoxifen (TAM) and lumbar intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration (IVDD). Methods. The patients who visited the department of spine surgery from January 2015 to December 2020 were retrospectively reviewed. Those with a history of breast cancer surgery were identified and their data were collected. These data included patients' age, body mass index (BMI), menstrual history, postoperative history, drug treatment plan, and imaging data. The participants were divided into the TAM group and the non-TAM group. Lumbar IVDD was assessed by lumbar lordosis (LL), vertebral CT density, lumbar disc height index (DHI), Modic changes, and modified Pfirrmann grading score. SPSS 20 was used for statistical analysis. Results. A total of 75 patients were included in this study, 46 patients in the TAM group and 29 patients in the non-TAM group. No significant differences were present in age, BMI, postoperative history, LL, and vertebral CT density between the two groups. The DHI of L1/2 and L2/3 in the TAM group was lower compared to the non-TAM group (

P
=
0.038

and

P
=
0.034

, respectively), while comparisons regarding the DHI of L3/4, L4/5, and L5/S1, and the average DHI between TAM and non-TAM groups were not significant. The modified Pfirrmann grading scores of the L1/2 and L2/3 IVDs in the TAM group were higher than those in the non-TAM group (

P
=
0.004

and

P
=
0.025

, respectively). Comparisons of L3/4, L4/5, and L5/S1 between the two groups were not significant. The comparisons regarding the occurrence of Modic changes did not show a significant difference between the TAM and non-TAM groups. Conclusions. This study indicates that there might be some positive correlation between TAM use and lumbar IVDD. In particular, the degeneration of L1/2 and L2/3 has shown a correlation with TAM use.
Multiauthority Attribute-Based Keyword Search over Cloud-Edge-End Collaboration in IoV
Authors: Zhen Yan , Chui Yilan , Zhang Puning , Liu Huan
Published: May 2022

The development of cloud computing and edge computing makes it possible to store and share Internet of Vehicles (IoV) data on a large scale, which greatly contributes to traffic intelligence, but outsourced data confidentiality and user privacy cannot be guaranteed. The Ciphertext Policy Attribute-Based Encryption (CP-ABE) scheme can achieve both fine-grained access control and secure data sharing. However, existing CP-ABE schemes owns high computational complexity, and the adopted single attribute authority mode is burdensome to resource-limited IoV. Thus, this paper proposes a Multiauthority Attribute-Based Keyword Search over Cloud-Edge-End Collaboration (CEABKS-MA) system, leveraging the benefits of edge and cloud resources and effectively combining with the multiauthority structure to minimize the computation and storage pressure on resource-limited parties in the system. In addition, fine-grained keyword search with support for attribute update and lightweight encryption/decryption is extended. Finally, this paper demonstrates the security and efficiency of the CEABKS-MA system through rigorous security analysis and simulation experiments.
Robust Refinement of Built-in Network Information System Based on Nonparametric Density Estimation
Authors: Mei Qiongzhen , Wang Fei
Published: May 2022

In the research process of robustness refinement solution of built-in information systems for electronic networks, there are too many factors related to robustness in the current system robustness design, and different factors have different influences on robustness. In stochastic programming problems, uncertain variables usually obey a certain probability distribution, but in real decision-making, these determined distributions are often unknown or we only know part of the information of the distributions, and distributed robust refinement solution is just an effective solution to solve uncertain problems. The robustness measurement solution of information systems for electronic networks is analyzed. The robust refinement of information system is deeply studied by nonparametric density estimation solution, which is based on the strict robustness requirements put forward by users. Based on the research results of interdependent network theory and aiming at “improving the robustness of electronic information system,” this paper makes an in-depth study on the robustness refinement strategy of power information system. The comparison between the companies that adopted the robust refinement of built-in information systems for electronic networks based on nonparametric density estimation and the companies that did not adopt it shows that the refinement rate of the companies that adopted it in the first three years was 82%, while that of the companies that did not adopt it was only 57%, and the overall misjudgment rate was 43%. Therefore, it is proved that using the proposed reliability refinement solution to optimize, the embedded system can improve the service life, modeling accuracy, and availability of the system and has certain practicability.
A Case Report of Statin-Induced Immune-Mediated Necrotizing Myopathy Treatment Challenges
Authors: Joudeh Anwar I. , Albuni Mhd Kutaiba , Hassen Sara Seife , Iqbal Phool , Aziz Bedair Elsaid Mohamed , Mahdi Salah
Published: May 2022

Statin-induced necrotizing autoimmune myopathy is an immune-mediated necrotizing myopathy related to the use of statins. It is a very rare disease, which usually presents with proximal muscle weakness and frank elevation in creatine kinase levels. Stopping statin and the use of immunosuppressive therapy are considered the mainstay therapy. Use of steroids in patients with inflammatory myopathy can be complicated by steroid-induced myopathy. Herein, we present a case of a 55-year-old patient with statin-induced necrotizing autoimmune myopathy based on the presence of proximal muscle weakness, magnetic resonance findings, suggestive muscle biopsy features, and positive anti-HMGCR autoantibodies. The patient was treated with triple immunosuppressive therapy with a particularly good response to intravenous immunoglobulin. This report highlights the importance of timely diagnosis and early use of combined immunosuppressive therapy to improve patients’ outcome affected by this rare disease.
Therapeutic Effect and Mechanism of Cinnamyl Alcohol on Myocardial Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury
Authors: Zhang Hua , Ye Jian , Wang Xu , liu zongjun , Chen Tao , Gao Junqing
Published: May 2022

Objective. To investigate the effect of CA on autophagy and its molecular mechanism after myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury (MI/RI). Methods. The MI/RI model was established by the ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery with ischemia and reperfusion. In vitro cell models were established using hypoxia/reoxygenation. Western blot was used to determine the expression levels of beclin-1, P62, and LC3 II. The expression levels of IL-1β, IL-6, TNFα, and apoptosis-related genes Bax, Cyt-c, and Bcl-2 were detected by qRT-PCR. Cell activity was detected by CCK-8. Apoptosis was detected by TUNEL staining. Results. Beclin-1, P62, and LC3 II protein expression and LC3 II/LC3 I level were significantly increased after myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury. Compared with model group, CA downregulated beclin-1, P62, and LC3 II protein expression and LC3 II/LC3 I level in the myocardium. The results of cell-level experiments showed that CA inhibited the autophagy response of the cardiomyocytes induced by hypoxia-reperfusion injury. Mechanism studies showed that CA targeted the inhibition of ATG12. Knocking down ATG12 reduces the production of inflammatory cytokines induced by H/R. The knockdown of ATG12 also reduced apoptosis and injury of the myocardial cells. Conclusion. Myocardial ischemia-reperfusion can enhance autophagy response and promote apoptosis. CA plays a protective role in myocardium by targeting ATG12, thereby inhibiting autophagy and improving myocardial cell apoptosis.
The Impact of College Students’ Creativity on Their Innovation Behavior in the “Internet +” Era: The Mediating Role of Creative Self-Efficacy
Authors: Chen Shuqiu , Wu Jun , Huang Jieqi , Cao Jijuan
Published: May 2022

Social progress is driven by innovation; especially, in the context of “Internet +” innovation and entrepreneurship, college students serve as a frontier group that brings new ideas and new technologies into society, and as such college students’ creativity and innovation behavior are important for their country’s future social and economic development. Therefore, China vigorously advocates the cultivation of college students’ innovative ability to meet the needs of the development of the times. Determining the key factors currently influencing innovation behavior by college students is an area of current research interest. Building on the literature, this study uses the questionnaire survey method to analyze data from 226 college students relating to creativity, innovation behavior, and creative self-efficacy, exploring the mechanisms by which the students’ creativity affects their innovation behavior in the context of “Internet +” innovation and entrepreneurship. The results show that creativity has a significant positive effect on innovation behavior among college students and that creative self-efficacy plays a mediating role in this relationship.
A Hybrid Network User Satisfaction-Based Downlink Scheduling in LTE-A Network
Authors: Mai Yi-Ting , Yang Cheng-Tao
Published: May 2022

To provide high-quality wireless network multimedia services, the 4G/5G network media access control (MAC) layer has adopted the concept of the quality of service (QoS) with different traffic classification service requirements. To efficiently allocate the limited radio resources for achieving a good balance in QoS, throughput and fairness are necessary for the wireless network MAC scheduling issues. While many conventional scheduling schemes only considered one factor: rate or delay, network users might actually have different rate and delay requirements in concert. Herein, a hybrid network user satisfaction-based downlink scheduling approach, namely, max rate delay urgency first (MRDUF), is developed. The MRDUF approach simultaneously considers rate and delay requirements and adopts a hybrid strategy comprising time- and frequency-domain schedulers using two schemes, namely, the first come first serve (FCFS) and max throughput (MT), for the LTE-A downlink environment. Simulation study results have shown that our proposed approach outperforms the conventional scheduling schemes, including MT, proportional fair (PF), blind equal throughput (BET), and earliest deadline first (EDF). The benefit of MRDUF in terms of fairness of satisfaction of rate and delay is demonstrated by the simulation study.
Association of Axial Length and Refraction with Near Horizontal Heterophoria in Chinese Children: An Observational Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Chen Xiaoqin , Jiang Yanglin , Fan Qian , Li Lihua , Lu Wenli , Wang Yan
Published: May 2022

Purpose. To evaluate the association of near heterophoria with refraction and axial length (AL) in Chinese school children. Methods. This school-based cross-sectional study included 15,081 Chinese primary school children (grades 1–6) examined during 2017. Near heterophoria was measured at 33 cm using the Maddox rod and prism test. Noncycloplegic refraction and AL were also measured. A generalized additive model with a Gaussian link was used to determine the association of near heterophoria with refraction and AL. Analyses were adjusted for age to account for differences in the age distribution of the sample. Results. Overall, data were analyzed for 11,013 students ranging in age from 6 to 13 years. The most common type of near heterophoria was exophoria (64.96%), the proportion and value of which increased according to grade. Exophoria accounted for 62.53% (2,328/3,723), 65.03% (2,501/3,846), and 67.51% (2,325/3,444) of near heterophoria cases for grades 1-2, grades 3-4, and grades 5-6, respectively. Prism diopter (PD) values for near heterophoria in these grades were −6.30 ± 3.69, −6.81 ± 4.01, and −8.32 ± 5.12 PD, respectively. The average spherical equivalent (SE) in children with orthophoria was 0.23 D and 0.25 D lower than those in children with exophoria and esophoria, respectively (P<0.001). The mean AL in children with orthophoria was 0.11 mm shorter than that in children with either exophoria or esophoria (P<0.001). Near heterophoria exhibited a significant correlation with refraction and AL, irrespective of age. Conclusions. Exophoria represents the most common type of near heterophoria in children. Children with more severe near heterophoria, whether exophoria or esophoria, exhibited a higher degree of myopia and longer AL than those with relatively less severe near heterophoria. These results highlight the need for further, long-term investigation regarding the role of near heterophoria in visual development.
Pricing and Production Decisions for New and Remanufactured Products
Authors: Wei Feng , Zhu Yan , Ma Ting , Huang Qiaoyan , Zhen Zengshan , Chen Jinhui
Published: May 2022

Remanufacturing widely exists in production activities. Two different game models are involved while considering reverse channels: (1) In Model P, the manufacturer provides new and remanufactured products to two retailers. New products are sold through an online platform (retailer R1), while remanufactured products are sold in offline physical stores (retailer R2) in a decentralized scenario. (2) In Model C, the manufacturer provides new and remanufactured units to only one retailer (retailer R) that operates both online and offline channels in a centralized scenario. This research showed that a manufacturer’s profitability and industry profits in Model P were higher than those in Model C from the perspective of economic performance; the sum of the profits of both retailers in Model P was worse than the profits of the retailer in Model C. Moreover, Model P was found to be greener than Model C from the perspective of environmental sustainability. From a social viewpoint, Model P had a higher consumer surplus than Model C; the higher the cost of distributing a remanufactured unit, the more disadvantageous the model to the consumers.
Attribute Control Chart for Rayleigh Distribution Using Repetitive Sampling under Truncated Life Test
Authors: Adeoti Olatunde Adebayo , Rao Gadde Srinivasa
Published: May 2022

A control chart is an important tool in statistical process monitoring that is useful to monitor and improve production process quality. In this article, an attribute control chart using repetitive sampling under a truncated life test is proposed for monitoring the mean life of the product where the lifetime follows the Rayleigh distribution. The repetitive sampling parameters and the control limit coefficients of the chart are determined so that the in-control average run length (ARL) is very close to the target ARL. Tables of ARL values for various shift sizes in the scale parameter were presented, and the performance of the proposed chart is compared with the existing attribute control charts using the out-of-control ARL. The proposed control chart is shown to outperform the existing control charts in terms of ARL. An illustrative example is given to demonstrate the application of the proposed chart.
Bocce Training Based on Computer Technology Has an Effect on Physical Education in Colleges and Universities
Authors: Yuan Heqi , Li Mengze
Published: May 2022

Computer technology refers to the technical methods and technical means used in the computer field, which have the function of data storage, modification, and calculation of related logic and data. Physical education in colleges and universities has various levels and complex contents. From the perspective of bocce training in college physical education, this paper proposes a research direction for bocce training based on computer technology for the development of college physical education. First, a brief introduction to bocce is given, and then the traditional training methods of bocce are explained. It mainly includes technical training, physical fitness training, and psychological quality training. Then, the computer-assisted teaching is explained. Finally, the computer-assisted teaching and the traditional mode of teaching are contrasted. The experimental results show that the overall performance of students’ technical training, physical fitness training, and psychological training assisted by computer technology is 3.53% higher than that of students under traditional teaching. This shows that bocce training based on computer technology is more conducive to improving the level of sports training of students, thereby improving the quality of physical education.
Guanxinping Tablets Inhibit ET-1-Induced Proliferation and Migration of MOVAS by Suppressing Activated PI3K/Akt/NF-κB Signaling Cascade
Authors: Wu Ying-Ying , Huang Yi-Lin , Dai Bin , Liu Jian-Wei , Han Xu
Published: May 2022

Background/Aim. Abnormal proliferation and migration of vascular smooth muscle cells is one of the main causes of atherosclerosis (AS). Therefore, the suppression of abnormal proliferation and migration of smooth muscle cells are the important means for the prevention and inhibition of AS. The clinical effects of Guanxinping (GXP) tablets and preliminary clinical research on the topic have proved that GXP can effectively treat coronary heart disease, but its underlying mechanism remains unclear. This study aimed to confirm the inhibitory effect of GXP on the abnormal proliferation of mouse aortic vascular smooth muscle (MOVAS) cells and to explore the underlying mechanism. Methods. MOVAS cells were divided into two major groups: physiological and pathological groups. In the physiological group, MOVAS cells were directly stimulated with GXP, whereas in the pathological group, the cells were stimulated by endothelin-1 (ET-1) before intervention by GXP. At the same time, atorvastatin calcium, which effectively inhibits the abnormal proliferation of MOVAS cells, was used in the negative control group. CCK8 assay, scratch test, ELISA, Western blotting, and immunofluorescence staining were performed to observe the proliferation and migration of MOVAS cells and the expression levels of related factors after drug intervention in each group. Results. In the physiological group, GXP had no significant effect on the proliferation and migration of MOVAS cells and the related factors. In the pathological group, a high dose of GXP reduced the abnormal proliferation and migration of MOVAS cells. Further, it reduced the expression levels of PI3K; inhibited the phosphorylation of Akt (protein kinase B); upregulated IκB-α levels; prevented nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) from entering the nucleus; downregulated the expression of interleukin 6 (IL6), IL-1β, and iNOS; and upregulated the ratio of apoptosis-related factor Bax/Bcl-2. There was no significant difference between the high-dose GXP group and the atorvastatin calcium group (negative control group). Conclusion. Our findings revealed that GXP was able to inhibit the proliferation and migration of MOVAS cells by regulating the PI3K/Akt/NF-κB pathway.
Internet+Continuous Nursing Mode in Home Nursing of Patients with T-Tube after Hepatolithiasis Surgery
Authors: Peng You , Wan Huan , Hu Xiahong , Xiong Fang , Cao Yi
Published: May 2022

This study was to explore the effect of a continuous nursing model based on the mobile Internet in the home nursing of patients with T-tube after hepatolithiasis surgery. A continuous nursing system based on the mobile Internet was constructed, and 94 discharged patients with T-tube after biliary tract surgery were selected as the study subjects. The differences of complication rate, referral rate, nursing satisfaction, self-care ability, and quality of life score through the 36-item short form health survey (SF-36) after routine health education nursing (control group,

n
=
47

) and continuous nursing mode based on the Internet (observation group,

n
=
47

) were explored. The results showed that the success rate of the continuous nursing system based on mobile Internet in processing user requests was 96.2%. After nursing, the total complication rates of the control group and the observation group were 34.0% and 6.4%, the total satisfaction rates were 42.6% and 87.2%, and the referral rates were 23.4% and 6.4%, respectively, and the difference was statistically significant (

P
<
0.05

). After nursing, the scores of self-care ability and SF-36 quality of life in the observation group were higher than those in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (

P
<
0.05

). In summary, the continuous nursing platform based on mobile Internet technology can meet the needs of users, and the nursing mode can significantly improve the home self-care ability of discharged patients with T-tube after surgery and improve the nursing effect, which is conducive to the rehabilitation of patients.
Endophthalmitis Caused by Kocuria Kristinae
Authors: Iyer Prashanth G. , Ashkenazy Noy , Weiss Stephanie J. , Miller Darlene , Flynn Jr. Harry W.
Published: May 2022

Kocuria is an anaerobic, Gram-positive bacterium, which has been rarely reported to cause endophthalmitis following cataract surgery, intravitreal injections, penetrating ocular trauma, and also secondary to endogenous sources. Visual prognosis is often guarded, with no previous cases reporting a final visual acuity better than 20/60. We describe a young female patient who developed culture-proven Kocuria kristinae endophthalmitis associated with a traumatic scleral rupture. Visual acuity at 2 months of follow-up improved from light perception to 20/50 after treatment with intravitreal antimicrobial therapy and pars plana vitrectomy.
Regional Cerebral Blood Flow Changes in Healthy Ageing and Alzheimer’s Disease: A Narrative Review
Authors: Graff Barnaby J. , Harrison Stephanie L. , Payne Stephen J. , El-Bouri Wahbi K.
Published: May 2022

Background: Cerebral blood flow is known to decline with increasing age and is a potential biomarker to distinguish between healthy and unhealthy ageing, where healthy ageing is defined as an absence of comorbidities in senescence. This review aims to synthesize evidence of cerebral blood flow changes over multiple brain regions, for use as a clinical reference or for in silico modelling. Summary: The search identified 1,087 studies, of which 33 met the inclusion criteria to map the difference in cerebral blood flow reduction between healthy ageing and Alzheimer’s disease. Analysis was also performed on the effect of imaging modality and brain region functionality as potential confounding factors. Key Messages: No significant difference was found between the specific functionality of a brain region and cerebral blood flow in healthy ageing (p = 0.65) or Alzheimer’s disease (p = 0.42). Arterial spin labelling MRI imaging was shown to measure statistically larger decreases in flow in both healthy ageing (p = 0.0001) and Alzheimer’s disease (p = 0.0465). Cerebral blood flow was shown to decrease 0.3–0.5% per year in healthy ageing, which increased to a decline of 2–5% per year in Alzheimer’s disease. There was large variability both between and within individual brain regions, and this variability increased greatly in Alzheimer’s disease. Future studies would add value by taking more cerebral blood flow measurements during Alzheimer’s disease progression and by investigating ageing with comorbidities such as hypertension.
Incidence of HPVs, EBV, and MMTV-Like Virus in Breast Cancer in Qatar
Authors: Gupta Ishita , Al-Sarraf Reem , Farghaly Hanan , Vranic Semir , Sultan Ali A. , Al-Thawadi Hamda , Al Moustafa Ala-Eddin , Al-Farsi Halema F.
Published: May 2022

Introduction: Human papillomaviruses (HPVs), Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), and mouse mammary tumor virus-like virus (MMTV-like virus) can be present and contribute to breast cancer development and progression. However, the role of these oncoviruses and their crosstalk in breast cancer is still unclear. Methods: We explored the co-presence of high-risk HPVs, EBV, and MMTV-like virus in 74 breast cancer samples from Qatar using PCR. Results: We found the presence of HPV and EBV in 65% and 49% of our cancer sample cohorts; 47% of the samples are positive for both oncoviruses. The MMTV-like virus alone was detected in 15% of the samples with no significant association with clinicopathological features. The three oncoviruses were co-present in 14% of the cases; no significant association was noted between the co-presence of these viruses and the clinicopathological features. Conclusion: Despite the presence of the oncoviruses, additional studies are necessary to understand their interactions in human breast carcinogenesis.
Nest site selection and breeding ecology of the red-billed blue magpie Urocissa erythrorhyncha in central China
Authors: Guo Weibin , Hu Zhiqing , Lin Buge , Kuang Yuyang , Cao Hanqing , Wang Changcao
Published: May 2022

While knowledge on birds’ breeding ecology is essential for understanding avian adaptation and managing conservation, it is poorly studied for many species, even for some common species. The knowledge of the natural history of the red-billed blue magpie (Urocissa erythrorhyncha), a species widely distributed in China and Southeast Asia, is sketchy. Here we present detailed data of nest site selection and the breeding ecology of red-billed blue magpie in central China, and of the effects of nest predation and brood parasitism on reproductive strategies. Most nests were built on Phyllostachys sulphurea and Quercus acutissima. Breeding season ranged from March to August. The first egg was laid between early April and late July. The incubation period lasted 15 days and the nestling period, 18 days. Average clutch size was 4.6 eggs, and brood size at fledging was 3.3 young. Overall, 43.8% of nesting attempts successfully produced at least one fledged young. Nest predation and brood parasitism were the two main reasons for fledging failure, which mainly occurred after April. Correspondingly, U. erythrorhyncha showed a tendency to build nests higher up and have a smaller clutch size in late stages of the breeding season. This study provides the first reliable and comprehensive information on the reproductive parameters of U. erythrorhyncha, which will lay a foundation for further understanding this species’ biology and opens up an avenue for large-scale comparative studies of the Urocissa genus or higher-level taxa.