bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Motivasi Ikut Pendidikan Profesi Akuntansi dan Menjadi Akuntan Publik: Studi Empiris pada Mahasiswa S1 Akuntansi
Authors: Aulia Sandra , Fitriany F. , Anggraita Viska , Arywarti A.
Published: October 2019

The effectiveness of Accounting Professional Education goals is a big question for various parties. This study aims to analyze the factors that influence students’ interest in taking Accounting Professional Education and become Public Accountant. The procedure used in analyzing data uses Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). Total sample of 710 accounting undergraduate students. The results of this study indicate that career motivation factors, student perceptions of the accounting profession are positively related while the duration of education is negatively related to students’ interest in participating in PPAk. Interest in participating in PPAk, students ‘perceptions and duration of education, Type A and age characters are positively associated with students’ interest in becoming public accountants. This study contributes to the existing research in identifying factors that influence students’ interest in participating in Accounting Professional Education and being Public accountant
Persepsi Etika Penggelapan Pajak: Pengaruh Langsung dan Tidak Langsung
Authors: Sofha Dewi , Machmuddah Zaky
Published: October 2019

Tax evasion could be seen as ethical deed or not depends on several factors. The goal of this research is to examine the influence of gender, religiosity, and love of money towards tax evasion ethical perspective. The population of this research is undergraduate (S1) accounting students from private universities in Semarang. The sample used in this research covers final semester the undergraduate (S1) accounting students from University of Dian Nuswantoro, University of Soegijapranata Catholic, University of Sultan Agung Islamic, University of Muhammadiyah Semarang, University of Stikubank, University of Wahid Hasyim and University of AKI. The sampling technique used in this research is accidental sampling. As much as 100 questionnaires have been spread to the chosen respondents and all of them are declared proper to use. The analysis result is gender and religiosity do have impact on tax evasion ethical perspective while love of money does not. This research’s result also shows that religiosity and love of money do not mediate the relationship between gender and tax evasion ethicalperspective.
Pertubuhan dan Pembaharuan Pendidikan Islam di Minangkabau
Authors: Rivauzi Ahmad
Published: October 2019

Pendidikan Surau adalah lembaga pendidikan yang lahir dari rahim kultural masyarakat Minangkabau. Sejauh yang dapat ditelusuri, sebagai bentuk awalnya adalah surau yang dirintis oleh Syekh Burhanuddin Ulakan pada akhir abad 17 di Ulakan Pariaman. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kepustakaan (library research) dengan metode kualitatif karena terdapatnya kepentingan terhadap penafsiran dan mencari makna dari teks-teks tertulis. Di kalangan tokoh-tokoh kaum tua pembaruan pendidikan dilakukan dengan mendirikan madrasah sebagai pengganti surau dan mendirikan organisasi seperti Ittihad Ulama Sumatera di Bukittinggi tahun 1921 yang dipimpin oleh Syaikh Sa’ad Mungka, Persatuan Madrasah-madrasah Tarbiyah di Bukittinggi tahun 1928 yang kemudian dirobah menjadi Persatuan Tarbiyah Islamiyah di Bukittinggi pada tahun 1931 yang ketuanya adalah Sultha’in atau sulthani Dt Rajo Dubalang. Sedangkan di kalangan kaum muda yang memiliki karakteristik sebagai gerakan pemurnian agama, pembaharuan dalam pemikiran dan pemahaman ajaran-ajaran agama dan modernisasi dalam pendidikan, sosial, dan politik, mendirikian sekolah-sekolah di antaranya Madras School oleh Syaikh Muhammad Thaib Umar (1874-1920), Madrasah Thawalib Padang Panjang tahun 1921 oleh Syaikh Abdul Karim Amrullah (1879-1949), Adabiyah School tahun 1909 Di Padang Panjang, dan mendirikan PGAI tahun 1919 di Padang oleh Syaikh Abdullah Ahmad (1878-1933) dan lain-lain.
Mendidik Anak Shaleh: Telaah Kisah Nabi Ibrahim A.S. Dan Ismail A.S.
Authors: Rahmah Miftahur
Published: October 2019

Nabi Ibrahim adalah sosok orang tua yang berhasil mendidik anaknya Ismail.Dalam al-Quran ditemukan beberapa komponen pendidikan Islam yang diterapkan oleh nabi Ibrahim terhadap anaknya, Ismail.Pertama, tujuan pendidikan nabi Ibrahim a.s adalah menjadikan anak bertauhid dan mewujudkan anak.yang shaleh. Kedua,  sifat nabi Ibrahim sebagai seorang pendidik, yaitu shiddiq, waffa,halim, munib, muhsin, ummah, qanitanlillah, hanif dan Khalil. Ketiga, sifat nabi Ismail sebagai peserta didik, yaitu halim, sabar, taat dan penyayang.Keempat, materi pendidikan nabi Ibrahim a.s adalah dalam bidang aqidah, ibadah dan akhlak.Kelima, metode yang digunakan adalah keteladanan, metode praktek langsung, metode kasih sayang, metode dialog, dan metode doa. Keenam, periodesasi pendidikan bisa dibagi ke dalam dua bagian, yaitu pendidikan pra-natal (qabla wiladah) dan pasca-natal (ba’da wiladah).Pada masa Pranatal Nabi Ibrahim as mengutamakan istri yang shalehah dan berdoa kepada Allah agar dikaruniakan anak yang shaleh.Pada masa pasca-natal Nabi Ibrahim a.s dalam mendidik anak-anaknya senantiasa memanjatkan doa yang terbaik untuk pertumbuhan dan perkembangan anaknya
Penerimaan Dakwah Keagamaan Mubaligh Tradisional dalam Masyarakat Korban Gempa Bumi
Authors: Nelmaya Nelmaya , Rahman Ali , Hanani Silfia
Published: October 2019

This study aims to describe the influence of traditional religious elites (Mubaligh) in Nagari Tandikek, Patamuan sub-district, Padang Pariaman district, which experienced an earthquake outside of September 30, 2009. Qualitative research type is used to collect the data. Observation and interview techniques are used to collect the data. The result shows that the traditional religious leaders are very influential in the Tandikek community. They have transformative and communicative approaches which are very easily understood by the communities. In addition, religious elites are also able to become a reference figure in acting and behaving. It is concluded that religious elites has important role in stimulating communities.
POLA SPASIAL DAN TEMPORAL KEGIATAN PENANGKAPAN RAJUNGAN NELAYAN BETAHWALANG KABUPATEN DEMAK
Authors: Azkia Lana Izzul , Sondita Muhammad Fedi Alfiadi , Wiyono Eko Sri
Published: October 2019

Desa Betahwalang merupakan sebuah sentra pendaratan rajungan yang terletak di pesisir Kabupaten Demak Jawa Tengah. Kegiatan penangkapan rajungan adalah mata pencaharian utama nelayan Betahwalang. Lokasi dan waktu pengoperasian alat penangkapan ikan menentukan besar biaya operasional dan kualitas rajungan. Ketersediaan data dan informasi secara spasial dan temporal adalah faktor keberhasilan dalam kegiatan penangkapan dan sejauh ini belum tersedia secara rinci. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengkaji lokasi dan waktu penangkapan rajungan oleh nelayan Betahwalang dalam dua musim, yaitu musim angin barat (musim hujan) dan musim angin timur (musim kemarau). Data diperoleh dari wawancara terhadap 30 responden per jenis alat tangkap (bubu, arad, dan jaring insang dasar). Informasi tentang lokasi dan waktu penangkapan rajungan diplot langsung pada sebuah peta grid berukuran 1 km x 1 km. Selanjutnya, informasi dari peta tersebut dipindahkan ke peta grid berukuran 10 km x 10 km. Lokasi penangkapan dominan nelayan bubu di perairan sekitar bagian barat Betahwalang (zona E5) pada musim angin barat dan di perairan sekitar bagian utara Semarang (zona F6) pada musim angin timur, sementara lokasi penangkapan dominan nelayan arad adalah perairan sekitar bagian utara Semarang (zona F6) baik pada musim angin barat maupun timur; untuk lokasi penangkapan dominan nelayan jaring insang dasar pada musim angin barat adalah perairan sekitar bagian barat Betahwalang (zona G5) dan perairan sekitar bagian utara Semarang (zona F6) pada musim angin timur.Betahwalang is center of blue swimming crab (BSC) landing place in coastal area of Demak, Central java. BSC fishing is the main livelihood of betahwalang fishing community. The fishing area and fishing time determine the operational cost and BSC quality. The availability of data and information on spatial and temporal is successful factors in BSC fishing bussiness and these were not available yet. This study aimed to assess BSC fishing area and fishing time of Betahwalang fisher in two seasons, i.e westerly monsoon wind (wet season) and easterly monsoon wind (dry season). Data were collected through interview to 30 respondent for each type of fishing fleet (traps, mini trawl and bottom gill net). Information on fishing area and fishing time was plotted on the grid map 1 km x 1 km, then transferred to a grid map 10 km x 10 km. The result showed that the major fishing area of collapsible trap on the west monsoon around western of Betahwalang waters (zone E5), while during east monsoon they operated around northern of Semarang (zone F6). The major fishing area of mini trawl during west and east monsoon was on the waters around northern of Semarang (zone F6). The major fishing area of bottom gillnet on the west monsoon was around western of Betahwalang (zone G5), while east monsoon around northern of Semarang (zone F6).
Compostos voláteis de fungos conidiais sapróbios da Amazônia Meridional no controle in vitro de fitopatógenos
Authors: Oliveira Silmara Aparecida Bonani de , Barbosa Flávia Rodrigues , Andrade Ednaldo Alves , Ferrarini Stella Regina , Bonaldo Solange Maria
Published: October 2019

RESUMO Estudos sobre compostos orgânicos voláteis (COVs) produzidos por fungos conidiais sapróbios da Amazônia (FCSA) ainda são inexistentes. Assim, verificou-se a produção de COVs de FCSA e, seu potencial no controle de fitopatógenos in vitro. Utilizou-se os FCSA Beltrania rhombica, Brachysporiella sp., Dictyochaeta sp., Gonytrichum sp. e avaliou-se a produção de COVs através da germinação e viabilidade de esporos dos fitopatógenos e, crescimento micelial, conforme metodologias de (2) e (10), com adaptações. Houve redução de germinação de esporos de Colletotrichum musae (63,56%) frente à exposição a B. rhombica, Brachysporiella sp. (86,66%), Dictyochaeta sp. (79,68%) e Gonytrichum sp. (85,71%). Os fitopatógenos C. truncatum, C. musae e Fusarium sp. quando expostos a COVs de Brachysporiella sp., Dictyochaeta sp. e Gonytrichum sp. apresentaram esporos inviáveis após 3 e 7 dias de exposição. Os COVs dos FCSA reduziram o índice de velocidade do crescimento micelial e inibiram o crescimento micelial de Sclerotinia sp. e S. sclerotiorum; bem como redução da produção de escleródios na exposição aos COVs de B. rhombica, B. gayanaa e D. fertilis. Conclui-se que os FCSA estudados apresentam produção de COVs, com potencial para o controle biológico de doenças de plantas.
Mancha areolada de Thanatephorus da seringueira na Amazônia: identificação filogenética e variação genética em populações do patógeno
Authors: Basseto Marco Antonio , Vicentini Samara Nunes Campos , Gasparotto Luadir , Ceresini Paulo Cezar
Published: October 2019

RESUMO A mancha areolada de Thanatephorus é uma das doenças mais importantes da seringueira (Hevea brasiliensis) na Amazônia. Apesar disso, questão importante sobre o real posicionamento filogenético deste patógeno ainda não foi respondida. Neste estudo, nós analisamos os padrões de variação genética em seqüências da região ITS-5.8S do rDNA de uma população de T. cucumeris (fase assexuada = Rhizoctonia solani AG 2-2) associado à mancha areolada da seringueira amostrada em Belém (Pará), Manaus (Amazonas) e Xapuri/Rio Branco (Acre) na Amazônia, e comparando-a filogeneticamente com membros do complexo AG 2 descritos mundialmente. Este estudo representa um passo importante para revelar a etiologia da fase assexuada de T. cucumeris da seringueira. Filogeneticamente, por análise Bayesiana, encontramos suporte para nomear um novo grupo de anastomose de R. solani associado à mancha areolada da seringueira: o AG 2-2 Hb. Este grupo constitui-se numa unidade evolutiva independente em relação aos subgrupos mundiais do AG 2-2 analisados. Na genealogia gênica construída por análise coalescente, observou-se que a população de R. solani AG 2-2 Hb de Belém é relativamente mais velha que as demais populações analisadas. O ancestral comum de todas as três populações analisadas está associado com a mancha foliar do maracujazeiro (Passiflora edulis), em Belém e tem cerca de 0,8 unidades evolutivas coalescentes de idade. Nenhum haplótipo da região ITS-5.8S do AG 2-2 Hb de Belém foi observado em outras regiões. Entretanto, a população de Manaus compartilhou dois, de seus quatro haplótipos, com aqueles observados em Xapuri / Rio Branco, no Acre, indicando fluxo gênico.
Relationship between soybean plant defoliation and Asian soybean rust severity
Authors: Reis Erlei Melo , Zanatta Mateus , Reis Andrea Camargo
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACT Data from experiments conducted in the field with eight fungicide mixtures added of five mancozeb levels were used to generate gradients of soybean rust severity, plant defoliation, and soybean grain yield. The data were subjected to correlation analysis between defoliation and severity, defoliation and grain yield, and grain yield and rust severity. All correlations were significant, evidencing a relationship between variables. Analyses conducted in other studies have shown that severity control has greater influence on decision-making, compared to defoliation. Therefore, as defoliation is dependent on severity, evaluation of rust intensity is sufficient, suggesting that defoliation can be excluded from evaluation for this pathosystem.
Effect of soybean plant density on stem blight incidence
Authors: Farias Monica , Casa Ricardo Trezzi , Gava Fernando , Fiorentin Otávio Ajala , Gonçalves Mayra Juline , Martins Flávio Chupel
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACT No-till system and high plant density are common practices in soybean crops of the Brazilian southern region, which has increased the incidence of stem and pod diseases. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of plant populations on stem blight incidence. The experiments were conducted in Muitos Capões Municipality, Rio Grande do Sul State, during the seasons 2006/07 and 2007/08, using cultivars BRS 255 RR and CD 213 RR. The evaluated populations had 12, 18, 24, 30 and 36 plants m-2, spaced 0.45 m between rows. The experimental plot units consisted of 5m width and 10m length, arranged in randomized blocks with four replicates. Stem blight incidence was quantified at phenological stages R5.1, R5.5, R6 and R7 and the collected data underwent regression analysis. Higher soybean plant densities caused a positive and significant increase on stem blight incidence in all four phenological stages for both cultivars and seasons. There was no significant difference for soybean grain yield according to the increase in plant population. Results indicated that soybean management preventing high plant densities can contribute to reduce stem blight incidence.
Esporulação in vitro e inoculação de Exserohilum turcicum em milho
Authors: Camera Juliane Nicolodi , Koefender Jana , Golle Diego Pascoal , Bortolotto Rafael Pivotto , Horn Roberta Cattaneo , Flores Eduardo Fiorin , Deuner Carolina Cardoso
Published: October 2019

RESUMO A helmintosporiose está entre as principais doenças da cultura do milho. Realizou-se dois ensaios com os objetivos de avaliar a esporulação do fungo diferentes meios de cultura, métodos de inoculação e concentrações de inóculo para Exserohilum turcicum. Para a esporulação em diferentes meios de cultura, testou-se seis diferentes substratos: batata sacarose ágar (BSA), extrato de folha de milho (FM), potato dextrose ágar (PDA), suco V8 ágar (V8), lactose caseína hidrolisada ágar (LCHA) e meio semi-seletivo De Rossi e Reis (DRR) submetidos a dois regimes luminosos, fotoperíodo de 12 e escuro contínuo. E no segundo ensaio avaliou-se dois métodos de inoculação: a aspersão e a deposição do inóoculo no cartucho das plântulas, sendo testadas as concentrações de 5x103, 10x103, 15x103 20x103, 25x103 conídios/mL, e para o segundo foram depositados 0,5 mL na concentração de 20x103 conídios/mL nos cartuchos. Para ambos os métodos a inoculação foi feita no estádio V4 (quarta folha expandida, apresentando colar, lígula e aurículas visíveis), e mantidos em câmara úmida por 24 horas na temperatura de 25 0C. Quinze dias após a inoculação, avaliou-se a severidade estimada e a área da lesão. O delineamento experimental foi inteiramente casualizado com quatro repetições e os dados obtidos foram submetidos à análise de variância e de regressão. O maior número de conídios.cm-2 foi obtido no meio DRR, independente do regime luminoso. O método de aspersão mostrou-se eficaz nas concentrações de 15x103, 20x103 e 25x103 conídios/mL
Fungicide performance on Fusarium meridionale control, grain yield and grain damage in maize
Authors: Fingstag Maiquiel Diego , Casa Ricardo Trezzi , Bogo Amauri , Kuhnem Paulo , Sangoi Luis , Valente Juliana Borba , Bevilaqua Diego , Fiorentin Otávio Ajala , Gonçalves Mayra Juline
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACT Gibberella ear rot (GER) in maize, caused by Fusarium graminearum species complex, is a destructive disease in southern Brazil and worldwide. Five field-experiments were conducted to determine fungicide efficacy, grain yield and grain quality (study I), as well as response of increasing rates (study II) on GER control, grain yield (GY) and grain damage (GD) in maize during the 2014/15 and 2015/16 growing seasons. Fungicides were sprayed 48 h before (preventive action) or 48 h after (curative action) inoculation of two Fusarium meridionale isolates (PR and MG). Study I consisted in applying nine active ingredients (metconazole, pyraclostrobin, tebuconazole, trifloxystrobin, prothioconazole, thiophanate-methyl, azoxystrobin, cyproconazole and carbendazim) present in eight commercial formulations at two sowing dates. Study II consisted in applying increasing rates of three fungicides evaluated at three sowing dates using only PR isolate. In study I, no differences were observed among fungicides when the variables GER, GY and GD were analyzed together. There were interactions between time of fungicide application and F. meridionale isolates when GER severity and GY were considered. Preventive fungicide application at different sowing dates and the use of MG isolate reduced GER by 11.6% and increased GY by 5.3%, compared to curative application. In study II, there was a significant interaction between fungicides and application time for GER, GY and GD. Preventive application of trifloxystrobin + prothioconazole (0.15 + 0.17 and 0.22 + 0.26 L ha-1), pyraclostrobin + metconazole (0.19 + 0.12 and 0.29 + 0.18 L ha-1) and carbendazim (2 L ha-1) reduced GER by 41 and 50%, 47 and 54%, and 54% at the three sowing dates, respectively. There was an increment of 45.7% and 46.8% in GY when trifloxystrobin + prothioconazole (0.15 + 0.17 and 0.22 + 0.26 L ha-1), respectively, were preventively sprayed at the three sowing dates, compared to the control treatment. Trifloxystrobin + prothiocanazole, pyraclostrobin + metconazole and carbendazim (1.0 and 2.0 L ha-1) preventively sprayed at two rates reduced GD incidence by 53.5 and 48.7%, 47.7 and 57.5%, 48.1 and 50.5%, respectively, for each fungicide and rate, and could be incorporated into a disease management program.
Museus, coisas e pessoas: três estudos de caso para refletir sobre os vínculos entre materialidade e vida social
Authors: BELEZA JOANA , MÜLLER JULIANA , PEREIRA CLÁUDIA DA SILVA
Published: October 2019

RESUMO O presente artigo busca demonstrar a pertinência dos estudos relativos aos vínculos estabelecidos entre pessoas e objetos no entendimento da vida social contemporânea. Para tanto, fundamenta-se a partir de referências teóricas que, em distintas proporções, refletem a respeito da cultura material, entre elas Daniel Miller, Colin Campbell, Grant McCraken, Mary Douglas e Baron Isherwood, Igor Kopytoff e Tania Andrade Lima.5 Para efeito de recorte, os museus serão contemplados como lugares privilegiados na observação de tais vínculos. Nesse sentido, o artigo traz, como exemplos, o Sherlock Holmes Museum (Londres, Inglaterra), o DDR Museum (Berlim, Alemanha) e o Harley-Davidson Museum (Milwaukee, Estados Unidos). Trata-se de ressaltar a importância das pesquisas sobre a relação entre as pessoas e os objetos, nesta proposta favorecida por meio de narrativas ficcionais, de narrativas de períodos históricos e de trajetórias que se desenham em estilos de vida e pertencimentos.
Treatment of humerus fracture with wise-lock implants
Authors: Kumar Prashant , Kumar Mohit , Rawat Pooja , Luthra Gaurav
Published: October 2019

Background: Humerus fracture is a common fracture in aging population mainly occurring due to fall, high energy trauma and sports injury. Locking plate treatment is showing good results in stabilization of the fracture. The purpose of this study is to showcase the surgical treatment and results by using Auxein locking implants for the treatment of proximal humeral fracture.

Methods: Prospectively 13 patients were treated with ORIF treatment (6 males, 7 females with an average age of 43.6years). Fracture type is classified as per the Muller AO classification of fracture, 6 patients had type 11-A1 and 7 patients had type 11-A2. 1 patient were felt under American Society of Anesthesiologists grade 2 have mild systemic disease. Clinical outcomes were assessed at 1year follow-up with visual analogue scale score at 4 week, 16 week, 24 week and 1 year.

Results: The follow-up of patients was taken at 4th, 16th, 24th and 1 year bearing good clinical results. 2 patients were encountered with pain, these were elderly patients of the age 58 and 62 and had a history of other medical commodities. One patient reported of less weigh bearing ability which was relieved with physiotherapy.

Conclusions: Open reduction internal fixation treatment with Pheelos 3.5 mm wise lock proximal humerus plate showed good results with improved performance and negligible complications. 
Estudio numérico y comparativo del efecto de turbulencia en codos y dobleces para distribución de agua sanitaria
Authors: Toapanta-Ramos Luis Fernando , Zapata-Cautillo Jorge Alejandro , Cholango-Gavilanes Andrea Isabel , Quitiaquez William , Nieto-Londoño César , Zapata-Benabithe Zulamita
Published: October 2019

En este artículo se presenta el estudio numérico y comparativo del efecto de turbulencia en codos y dobleces para diámetros de una pulgada, mediante CFD y bajo las mismas condiciones de trabajo (velocidad, presión y temperatura), para determinar la fluctuación en la turbulencia de energía cinética entre estos dos accesorios variando los modelos de turbulencia. Se emplearon dos metodologías para esta investigación, kappa-épsilon (k- ε) y kappa-omega (k-ω). El método (k- ε) se divide en tres modelos: estándar, RNG y realizable, en los cuales se genera turbulencia de energía cinética y de disipación. El método (k-ω) también posee tres variantes: estándar, SST, BSL. El trabajo presenta una mayor turbulencia para el método de (k- ε) en energía cinética y de disipación bajo el modelo estándar tanto para codo como doblez, mientras que en el método (k-ω) se produce una mayor turbulencia de energía cinética en el modelo BSL para ambos accesorios, al igual que en el método (k- ε), el modelo estándar de (k-ω) representa una mayor turbulencia de frecuencia.
Atributos físicos de um Gleissolo mantido sob dois sistemas de criação: Bovino e Ovinocaprino, localizado no sul do estado do Tocantins.
Authors: Nunes Melquezedeque do Vale , Lima Saulo de Oliveira , Erasmo Eduardo Andrea Lemus , Brito Deyvid Rocha , Miranda Valdilene Coutinho , Chiesa Viviane Basso , Batista Neto João Josué
Published: October 2019

The excessive animal trampling, together with the lack of conservation practices and adequate soil becomes compacted this, having a significant increase in density, caused by loads or pressures applied in this soil. The Tocantins state is characterized by livestock, particularly cattle, however, there are producers who create small animals such as ovinocaprinos. In literature there are few reports on the effect of trampling on the physical characteristics of an gleysol. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of two systems for livestock, Cattle and ovinocaprino on the physical attributes of an gleysol, located in the southern state of Tocantins. For it was rated the macro and micro-porosity, density and penetration resistance of both systems, separated by compartments. As a result there was a significant difference for the variable density, macro-and micro-porosity and mechanical strength, and it varied depending on the depth of the soil profile.
Divergência genética entre acessos de mentrasto do Estado do Tocantins através de marcadores RAPD
Authors: Oliveira Elainy Martins , Oliveira Junior Waldesse , Oliveira Jaqueline , De Castro Henrique Guilhon
Published: October 2019

Ageratum conyzoides (Asteraceae) is known in Brazil for its medicinal properties being mainly used as painkiller and anti-inflammatory. Due to the existence of few genetic studies for this species, this work aimed to characterize the genetic diversity among nine accessions from different sites at Tocantins state, to provide information about its genetic resources. Similarity coefficients obtained varied from 48% to 80%, result of amplification of 102 fragments, of which 72 (70.5%) were polymorphic. Groupment analysis allowed the differentiation in three groups. One of them was distinguished because it presented the highest similarity among all, being composed by ANA and NAT (80% similarity). In general, these data showed there is low degree of association between the geographic location of the accessions and the genetic distances. So, the collected accession ns in Tocantins state presented considerable genetic variability and the efficiency of RAPD markers for such characterization was here proven.
Модальная пропозициональная логика истины Tr и ее полнота
Authors: Карпенко А. С. , Чагров А. В.
Published: October 2019

В статье рассмотрена четырехзначная модальная логика Собочиньского $\textbf{V2}$ расширение $ \textbf{S5} $. Прослежено ее возникновение, описываются интересные свойства и приводятся различные эквивалентные формулировки. Особый интерес представляют ее алгебраические модели: в виде расширения алгебры Де Моргана булевым отрицанием $\neg$и в виде расширения булевой алгебры эндоморфизмом $\textit{g}$, который затем интерпретируется как пропозициональный оператор истинности $T$. Логика, соответствующая последнему случаю, обозначена посредством $Tr$. Обращается внимание на применение $Tr$ в теории истины М. Фиттинга. Приводится аксиоматизация $Tr$ в языке ($\rightarrow, \neg, T$). Доказывается полнота логики Tr с помощью применения очень мощной теоремы Салквиста, которая дает достаточное условие полноты по Крипке для нормальных модальных логик. Доказывается также алгебраическая полнота логики $Tr$.
Computability logic: Giving Caesar what belongs to Caesar
Authors: Japaridze Giorgi
Published: October 2019

The present article is a brief informal survey o$\textit {computability logic}$ (CoL). This relatively young and still evolving nonclassical logic can be characterized as a formal theory of computability in the same sense as classical logic is a formal theory of truth. In a broader sense, being conceived semantically rather than proof-theoretically, CoL is not just a particular theory but an ambitious and challenging long-term project for redeveloping logic.

In CoL, logical operators stand for operations on computational problems, formulas represent such problems, and their "truth" is seen as algorithmic solvability. In turn, computational problems – understood in their most general, interactive sense – are defined as games played by a machine against its environment, with "algorithmic solvability" meaning existence of a machine which wins the game against any possible behavior of the environment. With this semantics, CoL provides a systematic answer to the question "What can be computed?", just like classical logic is a systematic tool for telling what is true. Furthermore, as it happens, in positive cases "What can be computed" always allows itself to be replaced by "How can be computed", which makes CoL a problem-solving tool.

CoL is a conservative extension of classical first order logic but is otherwise much more expressive than the latter, opening a wide range of new application areas. It relates to intuitionistic and linear logics in a similar fashion, which allows us to say that CoL reconciles and unifies the three traditions of logical thought (and beyond) on the basis of its natural and "universal" game semantics.
Deformalization as the immanent part of logical solving
Authors: Непейвода Николай Николаевич
Published: October 2019

Deformalization is the part of logical process least investigated and studied. It is often non-trivial and hard task because of

subjective and objective complexities.

Subjective complexities connected with logic.

Deformalization is needed to present results of logical investigations to outsiders. Outsiders usually use languages and formalisms very far from logical ones.

Their thesaurus usually barely intersects with logical one.

Thus formulations on logical language cannot be appreciated and comprehended by outsiders and formulation of results needs to be completely replaced by non-logical. This task often is like to translating from one natural language into another with radically different semantic structure and system of notions (e.g. from Russian into Chinese and vice versa).

Subjective complexities connected with roles.

Systems of values of the problem solver and the decision consumer is radically different. Many aspects which were important during solution are out of scope of interests of the consumer. Many aspects which were "important" for the consumer are to be negligible for the solver but they are to be restored in presentation of the decision. This side of deformalization leads a bridge to the objective complexities.

Objective complexities.

Methods applied during formalization and solving induce "dual" methods are to be applied during deformalization.

General conclusions and propositions.

After analyzing whole process of logical solving in its unity it is possible to make some conclusions how logic can take a place which it is worth both in scientific analysis and in education.

Interesting in more detailed speculations of this matter are addressed to the Russian variant.
Electronic Medical Records for Discovery Research in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
Authors: Kartoun Uri , Aggarwal Rahul , Perer Adam , Park Yoonyoung , Zhang Ping , Luo Heng , Dey Sanjoy , Corey Kathleen , Ng Kenney
Published: October 2019

Background: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a highly prevalent yet under-diagnosed and under-discussed disease. Given that NAFLD has not been explored sufficiently compared with other diseases, opportunities abound for scientists to discover new biomarkers (such as laboratory observations, current comorbidities, behavioral descriptors) that can be linked to the development of conditions and complications that may develop at a later stage of the patient’s life. Methods: We analyzed IBM Explorys, a repository that contains electronic medical records (EMRs) of more than 50 million individuals. We used a classification algorithm that members of our group have previously validated to identify patients at a high probability for NAFLD. The algorithm identified more than 80,000 patients with a high probability for NAFLD who had at least 5 years of follow-up. We applied standard statistical methods (such as logistic regression and bootstrapping) and used Clinical Classifications Software (CCS) definitions to identify associations between a variety of covariates and disease outcomes. Results: Our methodology identified several thousand strongly statistically significant associations between covariates and outcomes in NAFLD. Most of the associations are known, but others may be new and require further investigation in subsequent studies. Conclusions: A discovery mechanism composed of standard statistical methods applied on a large collection of EMRs, confirmed known associations and identified potentially new associations that can act as biomarkers that might merit further research.
Development and validation of the Occupational Back Pain Prevention Behaviors Questionnaire in nursing personnel
Authors: Kazemi Seyedeh Somayeh , Tavafian Sedigheh-Sadat , Hidarnia Alireza , Montazeri Ali
Published: October 2019

Background: Occupational back pain is the most prevalent health problem among nurses that needs to be assessed by a valid and multi-factorial questionnaire. The purpose of the present study was to design and develop an instrument for assessing job-related back pain prevention behaviors among nursing professionals.
Methods: First an item pool of 49 items was generated. Then, content and face validity was carried out. Consequently, a cross-sectional study was conducted in Mazandaran, Iran. The questionnaire was distributed among a sample of nurses working in hospitals affiliated to Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences. Exploratory factor analysis was used to determine the factor structure of the questionnaire. Item-scale correlation matrix employed to examine the construct validity. The Cronbach’s alpha was estimated to assess the reliability and the intraclass correlation coefficient was calculated to examine stability.
Results: In all 155 nurses participated in the study. The mean age of respondents was 34.1 (SD = 7.66) years, and 83.2% were female. Six factors with 30 items emerged from the exploratory factor analysis: knowledge, attitude, self-efficacy, reinforcing factors, enabling factors and behavior that jointly accounted for %66.5 of variance observed. Item-scale correlation matrix showed satisfactory results lending support to construct validity of the questionnaire. The Cronbach’s alpha coefficient showed excellent internal consistency (alpha=0.92). The intraclass correlation coefficient with 2-weeks interval also indicated that the questionnaire has satisfactory stability (ICC = 0.97).
Conclusions: The findings showed that the Occupational Back Pain Prevention Behavior Questionnaire is a reliable and valid instrument for measuring occupational back pain prevention behaviors among nurses.
Keywords: Occupational Back Pain, Prevention behaviors, Psychometric evaluation, PRECEDE-PROCEED model, Nurse
Uterine fibroids in premenopausal women
Authors: Dobrokhotova Yu. E. , Ilina I. Yu.
Published: October 2019

Uterine fibroids are one of the commonest benign pelvic tumours with an estimated incidence of 20–40% in women during their reproductive years. Incidence rates for uterine fibroid diagnoses were highest in premenopausal age. The gynecologists are frequently faced with need for the administration of menopausal hormone therapy (MHT) in this group of patients with the onset of symptoms associated with estrogen deficiency; however, uterine fibroids represent a relative contraindication for the administration of MHT. In the present paper, we point out the need for conservative therapy of uterine fibroids in premenopausal patients to prepare for the administration of MHT. The paper reflects the efficacy of the drug treatment of uterine fibroids using antigestagens (gynestril).
Менопаузальная гормональная терапия: новый взгляд на старые проблемы
Authors: Drapkina Yu. S.
Published: October 2019

The most effective symptomatic treatment of menopause is menopausal hormone therapy (MHT). It has been shown that MHT administered in proper time can not only reduce the frequency and intensity of vasomotor disorders, but also significantly reduce the risk of osteoporosis and coronary heart disease (CHD). However, several research showed the increased risk of venous thromboembolism, stroke and breast cancer in patients receiving MHT, thereby MHT safety was questioned. Despite the fact that the beneficial properties of MHT significantly exceed the possible risks of side effects, modern international guidelines recommend to use minimal doses of MHT. Low-dose and ultra-low dose MHT regimens make it possible to maintain effectiveness, but at the same time reduce the incidence of undesirable side reactions to a minimum.
Experience of the use of anti-adhesive barrier based on sodium hyaluronate and carboxymethylcellulose in gynecological surgery
Authors: Molotkov A. S. , Popov E. N. , Ivanova A. O. , Kazantseva E. V.
Published: October 2019

The article presents our experience in the use of anti-adhesive barrier based on hyaluronic acid and carboxymethylcellulose in gynecological surgery. The study included 63 patients who underwent removal of polyps, uterine fibroids, intrauterine synechiae, removal of ovarian cysts. At the end of operations an anti-adhesive gel was introduced into the uterine cavity and into the abdominal cavity to prevent adhesions. Efficacy and safety were assessed in the early postoperative period and with a further sixmonth follow-up of patients. It is noted that the introduction of the gel does not lead to the development of hyperthermic reactions, and in the postoperative period in patients there is no increase in the level of leukocytes (6.3 ± 0.2 x 109/L before the operation and 5.8 ± 0.5 x 109/L in postoperative period). In 89.7% of patients after surgical interventions, normalization of the menstrual cycle was noted, in 23% of patients with infertility, pregnancy was noted. When carrying out ultrasound of the pelvic organs and control hysteroscopy (in 7 cases), no evidence of the occurrence of adhesions was obtained.
Non hormonal management options for menstrual cycle irregularities
Authors: Kuznetsova I. V.
Published: October 2019

Menstrual rhythm disorders and symptoms associated with the menstrual cycle are one of the main reasons for women to make an appointment with a gynecologist. After the endocrinopathies and organic substrates of menstrual irregularities are excluded, the doctor is faced with the difficult task to treat conditions that reflect the functional dysfunction of the body and its adaptation to high stress load. It is beyond argument that hormone therapy is the main resource of a gynecologist, but it is not always acceptable and does not solve all the problems of normalizing psychoneuroendocrine status. The dependence of functional disorders on environmental stress factors allows a doctor to use lifestyle correction, including rational nutrition and adding various micronutrients, in a program to improve the quality of life, eliminate psychoemotional symptoms and symptoms of autonomic dysfunction. In turn, the restoration of the adaptive reserve of the body becomes key to the recovery of menstrual function.
Anxiety in gynecology: three clinical cases
Authors: Burchakov D. I. , Chilova R. A.
Published: October 2019

Tofisopam is an anxiolytic drug, available for prescription by gynecologist. This paper discusses three typical case vignettes, where woman’s anxiety interfered with her somatic condition and responded on tofisopam. There is also a discussion of combination of tofisopam with hormonal therapy and it’s efficacy and safety.
Hormonal assessment of patients of reproductive age with uterine myoma for surgical treatment
Authors: Kozachenko A. V. , Revazova Z. V. , Adamyan L. V. , Demura T. A. , Zaytsev N. V.
Published: October 2019

Aim: To assess the efficacy and safety of ulipristal acetate (UA) use in uterine myoma patients before surgical treatment. Material and methods: 78 patients of reproductive age with uterine bleeding and anemia, who underwent laparoscopic myomectomy, were included in the study. Patients were divided into two groups: the first group consisted of 43 women who received 5 mg of ulipristal acetate daily for 3 months before the operation and the second group consisted of 35 patients without ulipristal treatment. A comparative analysis was made between clinical laboratory data groups, pathomorphological changes in myoma and endometrial nodes, and long-term treatment results. Results: As a result of UA therapy uterine bleeding stopped in all patients of the first group, the size of myoma nodes decreased by 25% according to visual diagnostics data, hemoglobin content normalized without iron-containing drugs. Duration of the operation and volume of intraoperative blood loss were less in the first group of patients in comparison with such parameters in the second group. Conclusion: Use of ulipristal acetate for preoperative assessment of patients with uterine myoma of reproductive age suffering from uterine bleeding and anemia is effective and safe.
Features pathogenetic therapy of vaginal infections during pregnancy
Authors: Balushkina A. A. , Tyutyunnik V. L. , Kan N. E. , Kokoeva D. N.
Published: October 2019

Vaginal infections occupy an important place in the structure of obstetric-gynecological morbidity. Bacterial vaginosis, trichomoniasis and vulvovaginal candidiasis are the most common infectious causes of vaginitis. Foreign and domestic studies indicate a high frequency of adverse obstetric and neonatal outcomes with this pathology: premature termination of pregnancy, placental insufficiency, fetal growth retardation, chorioamnionitis, postpartum suppurative inflammatory diseases and other complications. Patients with ischemic-cervical insufficiency should be assigned to the group at high risk of developing the above complications. The mixed vaginal infections detected in them require the rehabilitation of the birth canal and the elimination of possible pathogens in a short time. In this regard, timely diagnosis and rational treatment of vaginal infection will reduce the frequency of complications of pregnancy, childbirth, the postpartum period, and neonatal morbidity.
Gastroesophageal reflux disease: actual aspects of diagnostics and treatment in real clinical practice of therapist
Authors: Trukhan D. I. , Viktorova I. A.
Published: October 2019

Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) in terms of prevalence ranks first among gastroenterological diseases. A large number of works on the diagnosis and treatment of GERD, forms the point of view that about GERD «everything is long and well known.» However, in real clinical practice, for various reasons, possible «pitfalls, reefs and shallows» are not taken into account, the underestimation of which can introduce certain difficulties in the diagnosis and treatment. This review discusses the most significant aspects of the diagnosis and treatment of GERD in real clinical practice by a general practitioner and general practitioner. Currently, proton pump inhibitors are the main drugs for the treatment of GERD and other acid-dependent diseases. The results of numerous foreign and Russian studies indicate the effectiveness and safety of pantoprazole in the treatment of GERD, especially in multimorbid patients due to the lower potential of drug interactions. The presence on the Russian pharmaceutical market of two forms of release of the generic drug pantoprazole Panum® increases the availability of effective and safe therapy for GERD and other acid-dependent diseases.
Diabetes mellitus as a cause of inefficiency of eradication therapy of Helicobacter pylori infection: a systematized literature review
Authors: Bektemirova L. G. , Andreev D. N. , Mkrtumyan A. M. , Dicheva D. T.
Published: October 2019

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a moderately common issue both in the world and in the Russian Federation. Consequently, an interdisciplinary approach to studying the characteristics of the course and therapeutic management of gastroenterological pathology in this group of patients, in particular,Helicobacter pyloriinfection, which is associated with a whole range of diseases of the upper gastrointestinal tract, is of special interest. The article provides a systematic review of foreign and domestic studies of the efficacy and safety of various eradication regimens for Helicobacter pylori infection in patients with diabetes. In general, it was shown that the weighted average efficiency of eradication in people with diabetes was 17.7–23.8% lower than in people, who did not suffered from that disease.
Alcoholic liver disease: a modern look at diagnosis and treatment
Authors: Myazin R. G. , Emel’yanov D. N.
Published: October 2019

Alcohol is one of the leading etiological factors in liver damage. In alcoholic liver disease (ALD), hypoxia occurs due to an imbalance between the energy requirement of hepatocytes and energy production in the mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation system. Diagnosis of ALD includes the taking of an anamnesis, questioning of patients, clinical examination data, laboratory and instrumental study. For the treatment of ALD, agents are used that protect cell membranes from oxidative stress factors and restore the energy potential of cells under conditions of tissue hypoxia. One such hepatotropic infusion is Remaxol®, the original polyionic succinatemethionine complex based on succinic acid. Aim of the study: to consider the effects of using Remaxol® infusion drug in the group of ALD patients. Materials and methods: treatment of 40 patients (male) with ALD was carried out, all of whom had a distinct history of the disease with regular and prolonged alcohol abuse. The duration of the disease in the group was 4.8 ± 0.7 years. Initially, all of them showed increased lipid peroxidation, depression of antioxidant protection, as well as pronounced sings of cytolysis, cholestasis and lipid metabolism. Then, all patients in the group were treated with Remaxol®. The course of treatment ranged from 5 to 10 daily intravenous drip infusions. After treatment, the parameters of lipid peroxidation malondialdehyde (MDA), diene conjugates (DC), enzymes of antioxidant system catalase (Cat), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GP), markers of cytolysis, cholestasis and lipid metabolism were again investigated in the serum of patients. Results of the study: a positive effect after monotherapy with Remaxol® was observed in 34 patients, which amounted to 85% of the group. They recorded a significant decrease in lipid peroxidation and a compensatory increase in antioxidant system enzymes. The indicators of cytolysis and cholestasis syndromes significantly decreased, lipid metabolism was restored, and the subjective status of patients improved. There were no side effects during the treatment with Remaxol® in the group of patients with ALD. Conclusions: It was noted that therapy with Remaxol® caused positive laboratory dynamics in 34 patients, which amounted to 85% of all treated patients with ALD. Thus, it has been shown that therapy with Remaxol® is an effective method of treating alcoholic liver disease.