bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Verification of compressibility and consolidation parameters of varved clays from Radzymin (Central Poland) based on direct observations of settlements of road embankment
Authors: Dobak Paweł , Kiełbasiński Kamil , Szczepański Tomasz , Zawrzykraj Piotr
Published: January 2019

Formation of varved clays is characterized by specific compressibility and consolidation features, which are difficult to assess. The construction of an expressway through the area of varved, glacilimnic sediments (Vistula glacial period) required careful analysis of the soil reaction to the increasing load caused by growing embankment. The settlement analyses conducted in relation to the schedule of load increase during construction allowed to verify the deformability assessment of the compressible clays. In order to quantify the compressibility and consolidation parameters of clays, an iterative calculation model was created. The method of the “inverse solution” was used to define optimized values of deformability parameters. The observed delayed reaction of the soil to applied load allowed to assess the nature of consolidation. Comparison of the parameters obtained from the model with the results of laboratory and field tests allowed to evaluate drainage characteristics during consolidation of varved clays as well as to introduce correlation coefficients for interpreting compressibility parameters on the basis of CPT tests.
Combination of novoseven and feiba in hemophiliac patients with inhibitors
Authors: Malkan Umit Yavuz , Aksu Salih
Published: January 2019

The aim of this study is to investigate the effective therapeutic combination of recombinant VIIa(Novoseven) and factor eight inhibitor bypass activity(FEIBA) drugs for the bleedings of adult hemophiliac patients with inhibitors.19 bleeding episodes of 5 hemophilia A patients who were using bypassing agents and followed-up between 2008 and 2016 in Hacettepe Hematology Department were analyzed retrospectively. In 11, 5 and 3 bleeding episodes, FEIBA, recombinant factor VIIa and FEIBA+recombinant factor VIIa were given to the patients, respectively. The treatment durations differed between 1 and 14 days depending on the bleeding and clinical course of the patients. Generally the treatment with bypassing agents was successful, and only in one patient who had elbow hematoma encountered serious bleeding which was taken under control by switching the bypass agent. We offer a different approach because of three reasons. Firstly, in our protocol we start the treatment with recombinant factor VIIa for the first three days. Secondly, our protocol is adjusted to consider health economics. Thirdly, we extended the time interval between doses of both bypassing agents without increasing bleeding risks because the half-life of both agents enables us to modify the protocol with more flexibility. To conclude, we have evaluated our clinic’s data about hemophilia A patients with inhibitors and we offer a different protocol in the management of bleeding episodes for these patients.
Gender in cardiac resynchronisation therapy
Authors: Enina Tatiana N. , Kuznetsov Vadim A. , Soldatova Anna M. , Petelina Tatiana I. , Krinochkin Dmitriy V. , Rychkov Alexander Yu. , Nochrina Olga Yu.
Published: January 2019

Introduction: Gender differences in cardiac resynchronisation therapy (CRT) response are not clear enough. This study aimed to assess gender influence on systemic inflammation, neurohormonal activation, fibrosis in patients with congestive heart failure (CHF) and CRT. Methods: We compared group I (61 men) and group II (16 women) of patients undergoing CRT. Plasma levels of Nt-proBNP, interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, IL-10, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), C-reactive protein, galectin-3 (Gal-3), metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinase 1 and 4 (TIMP-1, TIMP-4), ratio MMP-9/TIMP-1, MMP-9/TIMP-4 were measured. According to dynamics of left ventricular end-systolic volume patients were classified into non-responders, responders, super-responders. Results: Women more likely had left bundle branch block (81.3 vs 47.5%, P = 0.016), were more super-responders (66.7 vs 30.5%). Both groups showed decrease of IL-6 (P < 0.05), TNF-α (P < 0.001; P < 0.05), NT-proBNP (P = 0.001; P < 0.05), Gal-3 (P < 0.05). In women there was decrease of IL-6 by 44.4 vs 23.5% in men (P = 0.029), TNF-α by 41.4 vs 30.9%, NT-proBNP by 73.3 vs 46% (P = 0.002), Gal-3 by 82.3 vs 64.9% (P < 0.05). Group I also showed decrease of IL-10 by 34.2% (P < 0.05). Group dynamics of TIMP-1 was opposite: men showed tendency to reduction of TIMP-1 (P = 0.054), women showed increase of TIMP-1 (P < 0.05). Besides, men showed decrease of MMP-9 (P < 0.05) and ratio MMP-9/TIMP-4 (P < 0.05). Conclusion: The best response to CRT is associated with female gender explained by greater decrease of neurohormonal activation, systemic inflammation and fibrosis. The revealed opposite dynamics of TIMP-1 in the groups can demonstrate the existence of gender features of matrix metalloproteinase system activity and their tissue inhibitors.
Early diagnosis of cardiac involvement in systemic lupus erythematosus via global longitudinal strain (GLS) by speckle tracking echocardiography
Authors: Nikdoust Farahnaz , Bolouri Elham , Tabatabaei Seyed Abdolhussein , Goudarzvand Mahdi , Faezi Seyedeh Tahereh
Published: January 2019

Introduction: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) myocarditis occurs in between 5% and 10% of patients with lupus. Global longitudinal strain (GLS) via speckle tracking echocardiography can detect cardiac involvement in patients suffering from SLE. We decided to determine the echocardiographic features and subsequent early diagnosis of cardiac involvement in patients with SLE utilizing the GLS index via speckle tracking echocardiography. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, we compared female patients with SLE of at least 2 years’ duration and healthy controls in terms of the left ventricular (LV) GLS via speckle tracking echocardiography. After data collection in both groups, the GLS index and the ejection fraction were evaluated. Results: We analyzed and compared the LV echocardiographic parameters of 33 patients with SLE (mean age=25.45±0.63 years) with those of 35 healthy controls (mean age=27±0.45 years). The apical 2-chamber view indicated a significant decrease in the LV GLS in the case group by comparison with the healthy controls (P=0.005). The LV GLS in the apical 3-chamber view was significantly lower in the case group than in the control group (P=0.006). The LV GLS in the apical 4-chamber view revealed no significant difference between the case and healthy control groups (P=0.2). While there was a significant difference between the case and control groups vis-à-vis the LV GLS (P=0.02), the LV ejection fraction measured with the Simpson method showed no significant difference between the 2 groups (P=0.96). Conclusion: GLS speckle tracking echocardiography is a noninvasive method with diagnostic and prognostic values; it may, therefore, be a sensitive marker for the diagnosis of myocarditis and other cardiac involvements in patients with SLE.
Формування комунікативної компетентності студентів-філологів
Authors: Shevtsova Larysa , Bashmanivska Liubov
Published: January 2019

У статті зосереджено увагу на важливості комунікативного аспекту на заняттях з фахової методики. На основі аналізу наукових джерел авторами розкрито суть понять “комунікативна компетентність”, “компетентність майбутнього вчителя російської мови” та підкреслено необхідність залучення всіх компонентів комунікації до активного володіння навчальним предметом. Зазначено, що в структурному плані комунікативна компетентність є комплексним явищем та охоплює ряд компонентів: розвиток зв’язного мовлення, володіння аудиторією, вміння висловлювати думку тощо. Стисло описано основні фактори вираження думки. Наголошується на доцільності комунікативного спрямування у вивченні російської мови. Подальший розгляд подібних питань стане у нагоді викладачам у пошуку ефективних методів навчання.
Професіограма сучасного вчителя початкових класів у руслі впровадження концепції Нової української школи
Authors: Kuzenko Оlexandra , Matsuk Liudmyla
Published: January 2019

У статті розкриваються процеси трансформації професіограми вчителя початкової школи, зумовлені впровадженням концепції Нової української школи – абсолютно новітнього підходу до організації навчальної діяльності учнів, спрямованого на забезпечення ефективного функціонування освітніх інституцій, котрий має забезпечити підготовку майбутніх громадян України до життя в XXI столітті, здатних протистояти різноманітним викликам особистісного та глобального характеру. Акцентується на тому, що важливою умовою оновлення освітнього процесу початкової школи є внесення змін до професіограми вчителів, від фахової діяльності яких, передусім, залежить позитивний результат впровадження згаданої реформи.У професіограмівчителя початкових класів визначаються вимоги до до його фахової діяльності через конкретизацію педагогічних функцій і перелік професійно важливих особистісних якостей, необхідних для розв’язання освітніх завдань початкової ланки сучасної освіти.У Концепції реалізації державної політики в сфері реформування загальної середньої освіти “Нова українська школа” задекларовано зміни, що зумовлюють внесення коректив до професіограми сучасного педагога, оскільки реформування початкової школи передбачає оновлення його функціональних обов’язків. Відповідно, вчитель стає не тільки наставником та єдиним джерелом знань, а поєднує в своїй професійній діяльності функціїкоуча, фасилітатора, тьютора, модератора в індивідуальній освітній траєкторії дитини.У статі звертається увага на те, що модернізація професіограми вчителя початкової школи перебуває у безпосередньому взаємозв’язку з впровадженням у освітню систему Концепції нової української школи. Новітні функціональні обов’яки педагога зумовлюють актуальність формування індивідуально-особистісних та професійно-діяльнісних якостей особистості, необхідних для розв’язання професійних завдань в НУШ, ключовими компонентами якої визнано компетентнісний підхід до визначення нового змісту, а також умотивованість учителя й умовами для його професійного зростання. Практичне впровадження докорінних змін у початкову ланку освітивизначається необхідність запровадження інноваційних змін у підготовку педагогічних працівників. Проте, доводиться констатувати, що система професійно-педагогічної підготовки залишається в основному на традиційних засадах. Це в свою чергу призводить до професійної орієнтації студентів на школу минулого століття, нівелювання сучасних інновацій у професійній діяльності. Сучасні стандарти у формуванні професіограми вчителя мають визначити траєкторію організації процесу професійної підготовки майбутнього вчителя початкових класів відповідно до актуальних вимог практики сучасної початкової школи.
¿Qué es el islam popular? Hacia una genealogía crítica del concepto y de su relación con las distinciones ortodoxia/heterodoxia y ortopraxis/ heteropraxis
Authors: González Vásquez Araceli
Published: January 2019

El concepto de “Islam popular” cuenta con un amplio predicamento en la bibliografía académica que generan las Ciencias Sociales y las Humanidades, y también, de modo general, en los discursos mediáticos contemporáneos sobre el Islam y los musulmanes, y es empleado particularmente cuando se trata de caracterizar ciertas creencias y prácticas religiosas. En el presente trabajo, centrado en ejemplos relativos al norte de África y, concretamente, a Marruecos, trataré de presentar una genealogía crítica de este concepto, y trataré de reflexionar sobre su relación con las distinciones ortodoxia/heterodoxia y ortopraxis/heteropraxis.
El Islam popular a través de la óptica colonial: la ṭarīqa Darqāwiyya y el Protectorado de España en Marruecos
Authors: Villanueva Farpón Jorge
Published: January 2019

La empresa colonial europea en el norte de África y Oriente Medio estuvo respaldada desde sus principios por un aparato científico y académico que completaba la acción militar. Como en otros territorios bajo dominio europeo, Marruecos se convirtió en objeto de estudio para su colonización y control: su geografía, sus poblaciones, su historia, sus prácticas religiosas y culturales y, por supuesto, sus organizaciones e instituciones. En este aspecto, las cofradías religiosas (en árabe ṭarīqa, pl. ṭurūq) eran organizaciones con un gran poder e influencia social y religiosa, y estaban extendidas por todo el territorio. En la parte norte de Marruecos, la zona que se correspondería con el Protectorado de España en Marruecos, la ṭarīqa más influyente era la Darqāwiyya, extendida también por el resto del país y por todo el norte de África y enclaves de Oriente Medio. Esta institución, que ya había sido estudiada por el temprano colonialismo francés, se mantendría en el punto de mira de los servicios de información españoles durante todo el período colonial, ya que era considerada, por sus redes clientelares y prestigio social y religioso, como un agente peligroso y dañino para el éxito de la empresa colonial. Debido a su alto grado de fragmentación, no podremos hablar de un liderazgo ni de una política de acción únicos de esta cofradía, pues cada líder de las distintas ramas actuaría respondiendo a una política y a unos intereses propios en sus relaciones con los poderes marroquíes y coloniales. Este artículo examina los orígenes de los Darqāwa y sus distintas ramas establecidas en el norte de Marruecos, así como el origen de la imagen negativa de esta cofradía en las primeras fuentes coloniales; una imagen que fue perpetuada y confirmada por los agentes coloniales españoles. A través de varios episodios significativos, analizaremos la postura de los líderes de la ṭarīqa ante las rebeliones al poder colonial de Aḥmad al-Raysūnī y ʿAbd al-Krim al-Khaṭṭābī, las relaciones y juegos de poder entre estos líderes y los agentes coloniales durante la guerra civil española y sus posturas ante el nacimiento y auge del nacionalismo marroquí en la zona norte. A través de estas distintas etapas podremos concluir que, a pesar de la imagen negativa y la desconfianza de la que gozaban los Darqāwa, lo cierto es que existió la colaboración entre ambas partes en numerosas ocasiones para beneficio mutuo.
The influence of suicide examples in the media on teenagers and young people
Authors: Gailienė Danutė , Trofimova Jelena , Žemaitienė Nida , Miliukaitė Agnė
Published: January 2019

The goal of this study was to determine the influence of suicide examples in media on teenagers and young peoples’ emotions and thoughts about suicide imitation. Conclusions: 1) Teenagers and young people encounter with examples of suicidal behavior in all forms of media, mostly, newspapers and television. 2) Some of young people experience a high emotional effect of suicide description or depiction. 3) Models of suicidal behavior presented in media mostly affect the young people who are experiencing existential frustration and have more expressed suicidal tendencies.
Ethnic consciousness and identity among Lithuanian-American/Canadian adolescents
Authors: Norvilas Algis
Published: January 2019

Eighty-two Lithuanian-American/Canadian adolescents responded in writing to eleven questions regarding their Lithuanian and American ethnic consciousness and identity. A phenomenological analysis of their written responses revealed a complex ethnic-identity-structure. The adolescents saw themselves as both Lithuanian and American. Their Lithuanian identity was based on three external components: descent (ancestry), ethnic involvement, and language, and the internal feeling of pride and satisfaction and sense of belonging and purpose. They regarded their Lithuanian identities as essential aspects of their personality, without which they would have felt empty and different. Their American identity consisted of three components: awareness of birthright, social involvement, and emotional ties. The relationship between the two identities was a dynamic one, each coming to the fore or receding as a result of context: e. g., an adolescent might feel more Lithuanian amongst fellow Lithuanians. Interestingly enough, there was little evidence of conflict between the two identities. The main complaint the participants expressed was that at times they felt overextended, that there was too much to do.
Ranitidine-Induced Delirium in a 7-Year-Old Girl: A Case Report
Authors: Castro Roberta Esteves Vieira de , Sousa Carolina da Cunha , de Magalhães-Barbosa Maria Clara , Prata-Barbosa Arnaldo , Cheniaux Elie
Published: January 2019

Ranitidine is a histamine-2 blocker commonly prescribed in PICUs for the prophylaxis of gastrointestinal bleeding and stress ulcers. However, it can be associated to central nervous system side effects, such as delirium, in adults. We present the first case of a child presenting delirium possibly caused by anticholinergic toxidrome secondary to the use of ranitidine, resolving after drug discontinuation. With this case report, we reinforce that a wide variety of clinical conditions can trigger delirium and that the best therapeutic approach is to minimize risk factors.
Práticas pedagógicas inovadoras no ensino universitário: uma análise da motivação e da percepção dos alunos
Authors: Coutinho Kátia Soares , Passerino Liliana Maria , Henriques Renato Bayan , Avila Marlus Moschen
Published: January 2019

Inovação no Ensino Superior requer priorizar uma ação educativa significativa a partir de movimento, contradição, análise sistemática e intencional de problemas contextualizados que permitam a construção de sínteses numa ação mediada entre alunos e professores. O presente texto se propõe analisar as práticas pedagógicas no contexto do Ensino Universitário de uma universidade pública brasileira [omitida para revisão blind], em duas áreas disciplinares: Engenharia e Educação sob o viés da motivação decorrente das propostas metodológicas usadas nas aulas de graduação bem como a percepção dos alunos sobre a contribuição das mesmas em sua vida profissional. A metodologia de cunho qualitativo é o estudo de caso que se desenvolveu no primeiro semestre de 2018 e no qual participaram duas turmas de graduação nas áreas de humanas e de exatas. A coleta dos dados foi triangulada a partir da observação participante, da utilização do questionário IMI (Intrinsic Motivation Inventory) e de entrevistas individuais online. Os resultados mostram que a metodologia orientada à resolução de problemas, o uso de recursos pedagógicos desafiadores e o trabalho colaborativo potencializam a motivação dos estudantes e propiciam condições para a construção de um processo de ensino e aprendizagem enriquecedor.
Caracterización fermentativa y nutricional de mezclas ensiladas de corona de piña con guineo cuadrado Musa (ABB) I. Parámetros fermentativos, análisis bromatológico y digestibilidad in vitro.
Authors: Lazo-Salas Gerson J. , Rojas-Bourrillon Augusto , Campos-Granados Carlos M. , Zumbado-Ramírez Carlos , López –Herrera Michael
Published: January 2019

Esta investigación se realizó con el objetivo de determinar y analizar las características bromatológicas,  fermentativas y potencial digestivo de ensilados de corona de piña con cuatro niveles de sustitución de guineo cuadrado Musa (ABB). Se utilizó un diseño irrestricto al azar con 4 tratamientos de mezclas en base fresca de corona de piña y guineo cuadrado inmaduro en relación 100:0  85:15, 70:30 y 55:45 con cinco repeticiones por tratamiento. A las  mezclas se les adicionó un 1% de melaza y se fermentaron durante 70días. No se utilizó inóculo bacterial. Se utilizaron silo bolsas de 50kg para el almacenamiento del material. Se cuantificó un aumento significativo (p<0,05) en los contenidos de materia seca, digestibilidad in vitro de la materia seca, pectinas, carbohidratos no fibrosos en los ensilajes conforme se aumentó el nivel de sustitución de guineo cuadrado en la mezcla. Los contenidos de proteína cruda, cenizas y ácido acético, ácido propiónico,  disminuyeron significativamente (p<0,05) conforme se aumentó el nivel de sustitución de guineo cuadrado. No se encontraron diferencias significativas (p<0,05) para los contenidos de nitrógeno amoniacal, ácido butírico, ácido láctico, extracto etéreo ni para el pH entre las cuatro mezclas evaluadas. Se concluye que mezclas de la  corona de piña (70%)  con  el  guineo cuadrado (30%) Musa (ABB) se preservan mediante el proceso del ensilaje y representa una opción el mejoramiento nutricional de la corona en la alimentación de rumiantes. Se recomienda aumentar los niveles de inclusión de melaza para promover una mejor fermentación del ensilaje.
Evaluación del uso de subproductos agroindustriales y promotores de crecimiento sobre novillos en pastoreo.
Authors: Aguilera-Saldaña Bryan , Valverde Abarca Anthony , Rodríguez Julio
Published: January 2019

La ganadería de carne en Costa Rica debe orientarse hacia una producción rentable, carbono neutral y sostenible sin detrimento de la eficiencia del proceso productivo. El objetivo de este trabajo fue determinar el efecto del uso de dos subproductos agroindustriales (pulpa de cítricos deshidratada y harina de coquito de palma negra africana) y tres promotores de crecimiento (estradiol, zeranol y acetato de trembolona + estradiol) sobre la ganancia diaria de peso (GPD), peso vivo final en finca (PVFF), merma por transporte (M), peso de canal caliente (PCC) y rendimiento en canal (RC). Se utilizaron 84 novillos de dos grupos genéticos (cebuíno y cruce F1 cebuino*europeo) en un sistema de pastoreo rotacional de pasto mombasa (Panicum maximum), durante la época seca y lluviosa. Se encontró que la adición de un subproducto no tuvo efecto (P >0,05) sobre la GPD, PVFF, PCC y RC. Sin embargo, para M hubo un efecto (P <0,05) donde los animales suplementados presentaron menores porcentajes de pérdida de peso durante el transporte. Los tratamientos con trembolona + estradiol (T+E) y zeranol (Z) presentaron GPD superiores (P <0,05) al tratamiento con estradiol (E) y el control. El RC fue superior en el grupo que recibió el tratamiento con T+E (58,28%) sobre el grupo control (54,55%). El uso de los promotores (T+E, Z, E) tuvo efecto (P <0,05) sobre PCC, y se obtuvieron canales más pesadas respecto del grupo control. El factor racial no tuvo efecto (P >0,05) sobre ninguna de las variables evaluadas. La GPD presentada en la época seca (1,22 kg·día-1) fue superior que en la época lluviosa (0,91 kg·día-1). Este mismo comportamiento fue presentado para las variables PVFF y PCC (seca: 523,10 kg y 278,27 kg; lluviosa: 486,00 kg y 259,32 kg). No hubo efecto de la época sobre el porcentaje de merma por transporte.
Contenido macro y micromineral del pasto ryegrass (Lolium spp.) en la zona alta de Cartago, Costa Rica.
Authors: Villalobos-Villalobos Luis , Sánchez-G Jorge
Published: January 2019

Se evaluó el contenido macro y micromineral del pasto ryegrass en la zona alta de Cartago, Costa Rica. Los contenidos promedio de Ca (0,68%) y P (0,39%) mostraron una relación mayor a 1,6:1 en épocas semi-seca y transición, mientras que fue menor en las fincas 1 (1,55:1) y 3 (1,58:1). El contenido de K (3,64%) encontrado en el pasto ryegrass incrementa la probabilidad de que las vacas lactantes en pastoreo sufran desórdenes metabólicos como la hipomagnesemia. En época semi-seca los contenidos de Mn, Fe y Zn fueron mayores (61,9, 105,7 y 69,9 mg/kg MS, respectivamente) que en época lluviosa (45,6, 78,6 y 43,9 mg/kg MS, respectivamente). El contenido de Cu fue similar entre épocas (11,6-12,4 mg/kg MS) y entre fincas (11,0-12,9 mg/kg MS). El aporte mineral del ryegrass permite llenar los requerimientos de K y Mn durante el año en vacas lactantes mientras que el P y el Fe se pueden llenar en épocas lluviosa y semi-seca, respectivamente. La utilización de suplementos minerales debe llenar los demás requerimientos en ganado lechero. Las prácticas agronómicas como el encalado (Ca y Mg) pueden disminuir la ocurrencia de desbalances minerales en ganado lechero pastoreando ryegrass
Kiégés és reziliencia (rugalmas ellenállás) a magyarországi orvosok körében
Authors: Győrffy Zsuzsa
Published: January 2019

Abstract:

Introduction: The burnout of healthcare workers is of outstanding significance in both national and international studies. Aim: Based on a representative, national physician survey (n = 5013), the aim of this study was to describe burnout indicators and the correspondence between them and working conditions. Moreover, we were aiming to compare the results with our 2013 physician survey and to analyze the potential relationship between burnout and resilience. Method: We analyzed the results of the online quantitative survey with multiple variables descriptively. The connection between the respective dimensions of burnout and resilience was studied with logistic regression. Results: In comparison with data from 2013, the medium and high level proportions of depersonalization and personal accomplishment were similar (49% versus 49.9% and 65.1% versus 68.9%). Since 2013 (49%), we experienced a decrease in depersonalization (40.2%). Those working in in-patient care, at multiple workplaces and shift hours regularly have a higher chance of burnout. Our multivariable analysis has shown that the lack of resilience is an important predictor for the medium and high levels of emotional exhaustion, depersonalization and personal accomplishment. Conclusion: Our results have shown that internal resources, coping strategies and resilience play a key role in burnout and its decrease. Orv Hetil. 2018; 160(3): 112–119.
Transport and Electromechanical Properties of Ca3TaGa3Si2O14 Piezoelectric Crystals at Extreme Temperatures
Authors: Suhak Yuriy , Johnson Ward L. , Sotnikov Andrei , Schmidt Hagen , Fritze Holger
Published: January 2019

Transport mechanisms in structurally ordered piezoelectric Ca3TaGa3Si2O14 (CTGS) single crystals are studied in the temperature range of 1000-1300 °C by application of the isotope 18O as a tracer and subsequent analysis of diffusion profiles of this isotope using secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS). Determined oxygen self-diffusion coefficients enable calculation of oxygen ion contribution to the total conductivity, which is shown to be small. Since very low contributions of the cations have to be expected, the total conductivity must be dominated by electron transport. Ion and electron conductivities are governed by different mechanisms with activation energies (1.9±0.1) eV and (1.2±0.07) eV, respectively. Further, the electromechanical losses are studied as a function of temperature by means of impedance spectroscopy on samples with electrodes and a contactless tone-burst excitation technique. At temperatures above 650 °C the conductivity-related losses are dominant. Finally, the operation of CTGS resonators is demonstrated at cryogenic temperatures and materials piezoelectric strain constants are determined from 4.2 K to room temperature.
Members of Polish Political Parties in the Process of Inter-Electoral Campaigning
Authors:   Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Wincławska Maria , Pacześniak Anna ,   Wrocław University
Published: January 2019

The character and role of membership in political parties have been varied in time (van Haute, 2011; Scarrow, 2015; Gauja, 2017), just as the parties themselves, their organizations and functions in political systems (e.g. Duverger, 1976; Kirkheimer, 1966; Mair, Katz, 1997; Katz, Mair, 2009). There are researchers suggesting that the importance of members for political parties and in campaigning has declined substantially. But does it mean that they have become irrelevant in this aspect? In the paper we look at the process of inter-electoral campaigning from the perspective of the rank-and-files of Polish political parties. There are three research questions in this article: (1) Do the rank-and-file members of Polish political parties see the functions of modern political parties in the aspect of permanent communication? (2) Do they engage in the parties’ inter-electoral campaigns? (3) Do the assessments of party functions and performances, or the view about the role of the grassroots, correlate with the members’ engagement in the campaigns of the parties? The data analyzed in the paper were taken from the research conducted in the project „Political parties and their social environment. An Analysis of the Organization and Communications Activities of Polish Political Parties”1. The analysis is based on the quantitative data (PAPI and CAWI) of the members of six Polish political parties (n=2,488).
Citizenship, the Vector of Present? Considerations de lege lata Based on the Polish Domestic Law
Authors:   WSPiA University in Rzeszów, Babula Małgorzata
Published: January 2019

The modern world is opening up to a series of innovations, differences and broadly understood diversity. The pace of changes becomes a peculiar substructure of creating patchwork nations. The variety of races, colors, religions and cultures. All of the above contain a point which, like an electron, resembles an omnipresent “variant”. This constant value is a human being. We are accompanied by a sense of belonging to a specific place, culture and values. On this basis, we expect something (e.g. having rights and freedoms). Citizenship seems to be a binder that puts us in a clearly narrowed community with certain values and often allows us to distinguish our own “self”. Created by history, absorbing presence, citizenship is an important element of our affiliation to the country, to culture and to the values hidden behind them. In the world of diversity, it seems to be a desirable and important element. The purpose of this article is to discuss the contemporary role assigned to citizenship, as well as to show the citizenship as a factor shaping the position of the individual and justifying the distinction made in specific areas of human functioning in the state.
Modelling of three-phase strength development of ordinary Portland cement- and Portland blast-furnace cement-stabilised clay
Authors: Bi Jurong , Chian Siau Chen
Published: January 2019

Estimating the strength development of cement-stabilised clay is imperative for quality control and ascertaining satisfactory achievement of the required performance in construction. Most of the strength prediction models adopt either a hyperbolic or logarithmic model to represent the strength–time relationship. However, these models generally consider only a certain range of curing ages, offering inaccurate estimates at very early or late age phases. Moreover, the application of cement-treated clay to land reclamation often requires a small cement dosage and high water content, which differs from the conventional onshore soil improvement work. In this paper, the database of strength development of cement-treated clay at high water content and low cement dosage is expanded, and the strength development of various types of cement-treated clay over a wide range of curing time (age) is discussed. A three-phase strength development behaviour is observed. In view of the limitation of the existing models, the cumulative distribution function of the log-normal distribution is introduced to represent the complete three-phase strength development, including the early-age strength as well as the final ultimate strength. Matching estimates of the strength development over a wide range of clays and cements are observed, as presented in this paper.
Characterisation of micro- and mesoporosity in Portland cement at elevated temperatures
Authors: Harsha Praneeth P. , Tadepalli Tezeswi P. , Agrawal Ashish K.
Published: January 2019

In this paper, computer tomography is employed to characterise porosity, which plays a critical role in determining the mechanical response of cementitious materials under thermal load. Hydrated OPC-53 specimens are analysed at meso- and microscales, while subjected to temperatures of 27, 100, 400, 500 and 800°C, using high-resolution computer tomography (HRCT) and microtomography. Using two- and three-dimensional image-processing techniques, the system of pores and pore network is analysed. As the temperatures increased from 27°C to 800°C, an 800% increase in the number of pores at mesoscale and a 1400% increase in the number of pores at microscale were observed from HRCT and microtomography data, respectively. The number of micropores surrounding the mesopores increases with temperature, thereby forming a pore network, which coalesces into a failure plane, causing deterioration in compressive strength.
Manipulation of Nephron-Patterning Signals Enables Selective Induction of Podocytes from Human Pluripotent Stem Cells
Authors: Yoshimura Yasuhiro , Taguchi Atsuhiro , Tanigawa Shunsuke , Yatsuda Junji , Kamba Tomomi , Takahashi Satoru , Kurihara Hidetake , Mukoyama Masashi , Nishinakamura Ryuichi
Published: January 2019

Significance Statement

Recent progress in stem cell biology has enabled researchers to induce nephron progenitor cells (NPCs) and kidney organoids from pluripotent stem cells (PSCs). However, shepherding NPC differentiation toward a specific nephron segment remains a challenge. The authors observed the effects of various growth factors in cultured mouse embryonic NPCs during three phases of the differentiation process, demonstrating that phase-specific manipulation of Wnt and Tgf-βsignaling is critical for podocyte differentiation. Using this insight into the nephron-patterning process, they were able to selectively induce human PSC-derived podocytes with molecular, morphologic, and functional characteristics of human podocytes. This novel protocol will facilitate accessibility to human podocytes, and these PSC-derived podocytes are expected to serve as a valuable resource in kidney research.

Background

Previous research has elucidated the signals required to induce nephron progenitor cells (NPCs) from pluripotent stem cells (PSCs), enabling the generation of kidney organoids. However, selectively controlling differentiation of NPCs to podocytes has been a challenge.

Methods

We investigated the effects of various growth factors in cultured mouse embryonic NPCs during three distinct steps of nephron patterning: from NPC to pretubular aggregate, from the latter to epithelial renal vesicle (RV), and from RV to podocyte. We then applied the findings to human PSC-derived NPCs to establish a method for selective induction of human podocytes.

Results

Mouse NPC differentiation experiments revealed that phase-specific manipulation of Wnt and Tgf-βsignaling is critical for podocyte differentiation. First, optimal timing and intensity of Wnt signaling were essential for mesenchymal-to-epithelial transition and podocyte differentiation. Then, inhibition of Tgf-βsignaling supported domination of the RV proximal domain. Inhibition of Tgf-βsignaling in the third phase enriched the podocyte fraction by suppressing development of other nephron lineages. The resultant protocol enabled successful induction of human podocytes from PSCs with >90% purity. The induced podocytes exhibited global gene expression signatures comparable to those of adult human podocytes, had podocyte morphologic features (including foot process–like and slit diaphragm–like structures), and showed functional responsiveness to drug-induced injury.

Conclusions

Elucidation of signals that induce podocytes during the nephron-patterning process enabled us to establish a highly efficient method for selective induction of human podocytes from PSCs. These PSC-derived podocytes show molecular, morphologic, and functional characteristics of podocytes, and offer a new resource for disease modeling and nephrotoxicity testing.
O pós-humano na midiatização da saúde
Authors: Brasileiro Lermen Alessandra De Falco
Published: January 2019

Este artigo apresenta um estudo de publicações científicas recentes que abordaram a midiatização de temas ligados à saúde, mas não apenas a realização da cobertura midiática sobre o assunto, mas também sua relação direta com a abordagem sobre o pós-humano, sobre como os avanços tecnológicos colaboram para aproximar o homem da máquina e se beneficiar desta relação para a melhoria da saúde, o que também gera polêmica.
Circulação: trajetos conceituais
Authors: Neto Antônio Fausto
Published: January 2019

Uma das consequências do intenso processo de transformação de tecnologias em meios se constitui na emergência de uma nova ambiência cujo funcionamento das práticas sociais se dá segundo atividade interacional dinamizada por complexos feedbacks de natureza não-linear. Antigos modelos de transmissão-recepção de sentidos que operavam sob o crivo de instâncias mediacionais, como os mass media, saem de cena e dão lugar às novas modalidades de contatos. Estes se organizam em torno de uma dinâmica de circulação, inerente ao intercâmbio comunicacional desde uma perspectiva interpessoal, mas novas roupagens entram em cena com a internet, cuja mutação causa novas formas de intercambialidade segundo fluxos e circuitos de lógicas não-sequencias e/ou não lineares. A circulação, até então, um conceito ‘congelado’ pela tradição de estudos comunicacionais, como uma problemática esquecida, é posta na agenda da produção científica desta área graças, principalmente, à trajetória investigativa de Eliseo Verón que, por muitos anos, foi um dos protagonistas centrais - para não dizer pioneiro - no desenvolvimento da pesquisa sobre a circulação em contextos do Com-Sur da América Latina. Examina-se de modo breve, aqui, a trajetória deste conceito segundo quatro ângulos teóricos: diferença; articulações; apropriações e interfaces/acoplamentos, na medida em que essas perspectivas condensam momentos de estudos que têm caracterizado as pesquisas que se fazem neste continente, pelo menos, desde o fim do século passado.
The Widening Participation Agenda in German Higher Education: Discourses and Legitimizing Strategies
Authors: Mergner Julia , Leišytė Liudvika , Bosse Elke
Published: January 2019

Although participation in higher education (HE) has expanded in Europe, social inequalities remain a major political challenge. As HE expansion has not led to equal access and success, the mechanisms behind policies seeking to reduce inequalities need to be examined. Focusing on the widening participation agenda, this article investigates how universities translate political demands to their local contexts. The translation perspective is adopted to study the German HE system as an example characterized by high social exclusion. Based on policy document analysis, the study first explores the rationales underlying the discourse on widening participation. Second, a multiple case study design is used to investigate the organizational responses to the demand of widening participation. The findings indicate that the political discourse is dominated by two perspectives that regard widening participation as either a means to bring about social justice or to ensure a reliable pool of skilled labor. The study further reveals that different legitimizing strategies serve to link the policy of widening participation to local contexts. This study contributes to research on social inequalities in HE by introducing a translation perspective that permits analysis at both macro and organizational levels, while acknowledging institutional variations in organizational responses to political demands.
BİR ÜNİVERSİTE HASTANESİNDE ÇALIŞAN HEMŞİRELERİN ETİK İKLİM ALGISI
Authors: Türe Yılmaz Aysun , Yıldırım Aytolan
Published: January 2019

Giriş:
Etik
ilkeler ve davranışlardan oluşan etik iklim, çalışanlardan örgüttün beklediği
davranışları gösterir. Bu davranışların çalışanlar tarafından kullanılma
sıklığı etik iklimin o derece kabul edildiğini ifade eder.

Amaç: Bu araştırma,
hemşirelerde etik iklim algısını ve bunları etkileyen sosyo demografik
özellikleri saptamak amacıyla yapılmıştır.

Yöntem: Bu tanımlayıcı çalışma
Eskişehir ilindeki bir üniversite hastanesinde çalışan 394 hemşire ile yürütülmüştür.
Araştırmanın verileri, araştırmacı tarafından oluşturulan Kişisel Bilgi Formu
ile 36 madde ve 3 alt boyuttan oluşan Etik İklim Ölçeği ile toplanmıştır

Bulgular: Araştırmaya
katılan hemşirelerin çoğunun kadın, bekar, lisans mezunu olduğu, yaş
ortalamalarının 29.43±6.50 olduğu, meslekte çalışma yılı ortalamasının 7.70±5.90
olduğu belirlenmiştir. Araştırmaya katılan hemşirelerin ölçek toplam puanının
ortalamanın üzerinde (123.24±20.77) olduğu belirlenmiştir. Alt boyut puan ortalamalarının
sırasıyla; yardımseverlik iklimi (42.26±9.03), ilkelilik iklimi (41.05±8.38) ve
egoist iklim (39.92±5.09) olarak dağılım gösterdiği saptanmıştır. Ölçek genel
ve alt boyut puan ortalamalarının demografik özelliklerle karşılaştırılmasında;
sadece eğitim durumu ve çalıştığı klinik değişkenleri aralarında istatistiksel
açıdan anlamlı bir farklılık olduğu saptanmış; diğer sosyo demografik
özellikler arasında istatistiksel açıdan anlamlı bir ilişkinin olmadığı
saptanmıştır.

Sonuç: Araştırmaya katılan hemşirelerin çalışma
ortamında etik iklime yönelik algılarının ortalamanın üzerinde olduğu
saptanmıştır.

 

Anahtar Kelimeler:
Hastane,
Hemşire, Etik İklim Algısı.
SOSYAL OLARAK İNŞA EDİLMİŞ MODERN ANNELİK SÖYLEMİ İÇERİSİNDE BİR ASMA KAT SÜTANNE GELENEĞİ
Authors: Güneş Hüseyin Nihat
Published: January 2019

Toplumsal değişme ve toplumsal cinsiyet tartışmalarının, ilkel aile modelinin
anaerkil özellikler taşıdığı noktasında birleştiği söylenebilir. Ataerkil
rejime geçişin ise üretim ilişkilerinin yarattığı yeni işbölümü ile mümkün olduğu düşünülmektedir. Toplumsal cinsiyet
eşitsizliği açısından kadının konumu, ataerkil düzen içerisinde yeni katmanlar
oluşturarak bugünkü problemli çerçevesine ulaşmıştır. Bu dönüşüm süreci içinde
kadının bir anne olarak tanımlanma biçimleri de farklılıklar göstermiştir.
Tarihsel kayıtlar, annelik olgusunun günümüzdeki haliyle kutsiyet içeren anlamlar
taşımadığına dair ipuçları ile doludur. Annenin durumu, toplumsal sınıflarla
ilişkisi ölçüsünde avantaj ve dezavantajlar içerdiği kadar Ortaçağ Avrupası’nda olduğu gibi görev ve sorumluluk
çerçevesinin daha esnek olduğu genel bir algıya da işaret etmiştir. Bugün anne
olmanın en temel yükümlülüğü olarak görülen emzirme süreci, tarih boyunca
farklı alternatifler yoluyla hayat bulmuştur. Biberonla besleme, doğrudan bir
hayvanın memesinden besleme gibi farklı seçenekler oldukça eski çözümler olarak
karşımıza çıkarken bunlar arasında en bilineni sütannelik müessesesi olmuştur.
Sütanne geleneğinin, temel olarak annenin ölümü ya da yetersiz süt üretimini
ikame etmek üzere ortaya çıktığı tahmin edilse de bilinen birçok örnekte bu
müssesenin keyfi bir tercih olarak genellikle üst tabaka ailelerinde
kullanıldığı görülmektedir. Bu örneklerde sütannelik, süt ihtiyacını
karşılamanın yanı sıra bebek bakımı ve rehberliği şeklinde değerlendirilmiştir.
Ortaçağ Avrupası’nda ise soylu veya varlıklı
annelerin emzirmesinin ayıp karşılandığı ve bu ailelerin bebeklerinin doğar
doğmaz bir sütanneye gönderildiği gözlenmiştir. Söz konusu deneyimler,
günümüzde doğayla eş özelliklerle tanımlanan ve yerine getirdiği işlev
açısından kutsal görülen ve tüm bu özelliklerinin yine doğa tarafından verilmiş
annelik dürtüsüyle mümkün olduğunu ifade eden annelik söylemiyle uyumsuzluk
göstermektedir. O halde sütanne geleneğinin tarihte birçok benzer örneğinin
belgelendiği kullanım biçimleri münferit örnekleri mi yansıtmaktadır yoksa bu
örnekleri  anomali olarak algılamamamıza
olanak veren çağdaş annelik söylemi yeniden mi değerlendirilmelidir?

Bu çalışma, annelik olgusunun tarihsel görünümlerinden ve sütannelik
geleneğinin tarihsel örneklerinden yola çıkarak 18.yüzyıldan başlayarak
etkisini giderek arttırmış olan modern annelik söyleminin temel saiklerini
tartışmayı amaçlamaktadır.
Ao vivo direto da Rússia: a Copa do Mundo formatada para televisão
Authors: Borges Fernando Vannier
Published: January 2019

Como megaevento esportivo, a Copa do Mundo tem uma grande capacidade de gerar atenção da Mídia. Entre os diferentes tipos de suporte, a televisão é o veículo mais relevante na difusão do futebol, tendo desenvolvido uma relação de simbiose com as organizações esportivas. Consciente da importância desse relacionamento, desde a década de 1960, a FIFA investe bastante da sua atenção na transmissão televisiva da Copa do Mundo, seu principal produto e sua maior fonte de recursos financeiros. Através da análise da versão de 2018 do Manual de Produção para TV da FIFA, pretendemos ver de que maneira a instituição contribui para a transformação da Copa do Mundo em um produto de televisão. Os resultados mostram que a FIFA passa a incorporar a lógica da mídia em suas ações e é responsável pela forma como a Copa do Mundo é transmitida para as emissoras oficiais.
DIGITAL ECONOMY AND RECRUITMENT POTENTIAL: STRATEGICAL INTERCONNECTION AND PROSPECTS
Authors: Peshkova G. Yu. , Samarina А. Yu.
Published: January 2019

Introduction.Nowadays, information technologies are developing rapidly. This process affects practically all spheres of life and causes the need of system technological revolutions and modern methods of data processing. A process of digitalisation inevitably changes the structure of population employment and the educational environment as being provider of new HR-recourses.

Theaimsof the research were to identify the problems of the digitalization policy in Russia and to formulate possible solutions.

Methodology and research methods.The methods of theoretical investigation were used: abstraction, synthesis, analysis and generalisation.

Results.The interaction of education systems and science in the field of preparation of HR-recourses at the stage of digital modernisation of the Russian economy is considered. The impact of digitalisation on vacancies and competences needed and the level of preparedness of Russia for the new technological mode are analysed. The perspective directions of higher education and recruitment policy of enterprise and the whole state are identified. The authors have come to the conclusion that rational recruitment policy is an essential part of Russian economy’s digitalisation. The efficiency of realisation of this strategy requires systembased approach to the organisation of staff training for the enterprises in actively changing economic conditions. HR management has become an extremely important element of this system. It is impossible to manage with such digitalization risks as structural unemployment and – at the same time – deficit of highly-qualified specialists without paying attention to what HR-market requires.

Scientific novelty. The originality of digital economy is in its optimising effect on production and consumption possible because of operativeness and consolidation of information and computing systems. There has appeared an opportunity to manage socio-economic processes systematically. The necessity of structural changes in HR-market is proved. Moreover, high schools should head the process of overcoming the expected structural unemployment caused by new technologies appearing, i.e. they provide high-quality education of specialised competencies necessary for workers, in particular. Universities must not wait for the government to work out and present new standards and recommendations. On the contrary, high schools ought to independently and urgently initiate the organisation of competitive experts training and to form innovative methods of education of new specialists by cooperating with business sphere and taking examples of digital leaders. To sum up, sensible approach to educational policy can solve the problem of balancing the HК-market and prevent social disturbance.

Practical significance.On the example of activity of separate higher education institutions, the ways and models of functioning of the higher school are shown according to economic tendencies.