bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Clinicopathological and Demographic Characteristics of 171 Cases of Ameloblastoma: A 40-Year Retrospective Institutional Study in Maharashtra
Authors: Sonawane Sarang Gautam , Sachdev Sanpreet Singh , Sardar Manisha Ahire , Chettiankandy Tabita Joy , Tupkari Jagdish Vishnu , Adhane Yogita Baghinath
Published: August 2023

Objectives:

Ameloblastoma (AM) is the most common benign odontogenic neoplasm. Changing trends and geographic variation necessitate the conduction of periodic demographic studies to update the existing demographic data pertaining to AM. The present research aims to further append the existing yet limited demographic data available on AM in India.

Materials and Method:

One hundred and seventy-one cases of AM were identified out of 7862 departmental archival cases from 1980 to 2020. Demographic variables, clinical and radiographic features, as well as histopathological variants of AM were recorded and compiled. The various histopathological variants of AM were described according to their occurrence in different genders, age groups, and sites.

Results:

An overall incidence rate of AM among all oral lesions was found to be 2.18% of head and neck lesions. About 61.40% (n = 105) of cases comprised conventional AM (CAM), of which plexiform AM (21.64%) was the most common histopathological variant observed, whereas unicystic AM (UAM) constituted 37.43% (n = 64) of the cases. About 86% of cases occurred in the mandible, particularly, in the posterior region (83.62%). Multilocular radiolucency was the most frequent radiographic mode of presentation in about 54.97% of the cases while 36.25% of cases presented as unilocular radiolucency.

Conclusion:

AM constitutes about 2.24% of all head and neck lesions with a mean age of occurrence of 35.84 years. The luminal variant was found to be most common in cases of UAM, whereas plexiform was the most common variant observed in CAM. AM has a predilection to occur in the third decade and in males and exhibits a marked propensity to occur in the mandibular posterior region.
Case Report – Incidentally Detected Subdiaphragmatic Renal Ectopia in Dimercapto Succinic Acid Scan (DMSA) – A Rare Occurrence
Authors: Vishnoi Madan Gopal , Jain Anurag , Kumar Rajeev , Paliwal Dharmesh , Sharma Amit
Published: August 2023

Kidney lies outside renal fossa, it is called ectopia. The common cause for renal ectopia is failure of ascend during organogenesis. Renal ectopia is not uncommon; however, high renal ectopia is extremely rare. We report a case of male infant with Edward syndrome.
Method for the treatment of recurrent herpetic keratitis based on lamellar keratoplasty assisted by a femtosecond laser (сase series)
Authors:   The S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, Moscow, Russian Federation, Izmailova S.B. , Maychuk D.Y. ,   The S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, Moscow, Russian Federation, Arutyunyan L.L. ,   I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russian Federation, Tarkhanova A.A. ,   The S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, Moscow, Russian Federation, Zyganov A.Z. ,   The S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, Moscow, Russian Federation, Maksudova L.S. ,   I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: August 2023

Purpose. To evaluate the clinical efficacy of lamellar keratoplasty in the treatment of recurrent herpetic keratitis with femtosecond laser-assisted corneal surgery. Material and methods. In two clinical cases, lamellar keratoplasty with femtosecond laser-assisted corneal surgery was performed. Preoperative and postoperative visual acuity, refractometry, keratotopography, pachymetry were examined. Conducted courses of conservative treatment: antiviral, anti-inflammatory, desensitization therapy using vaccination «Vitogerpavak». Results. Evidence of the effectiveness of the proposed method was obtained - stabilization and relief of the inflammatory process, increased visual acuity and cosmetic effect. Conclusion. Cases of successful treatment of recurrent herpetic keratitis after intensive courses of conservative treatment followed by lamellar keratoplasty with femtosecond laser-assisted surgery are presented. The use of femtolaser technologies, which allow dosed excision of the affected tissue at a certain depth according to predetermined parameters, contributes to the achievement of high functional results. Lamellar keratoplasty with the maximum possible excision of scar tissue and its replacement with a donor cornea is a minimally invasive effective method to restore the transparency of the cornea after therapeutic treatment of recurrent herpetic keratitis. Key words: keratoplasty, herpetic keratitis, femtosecond laser
Idiopathic chorioidal neovascularization against COVID-19
Authors:   MVK eye microsurgery, Sochi, Russian Federation, Lepekha A.V.
Published: August 2023

Purpose. To present a clinical case of idiopathic chorioidal neovascularization against the background of mild COVID-19. Material and methods. Patient C. (female), 33 years old, came to the «IMC of Eye Microsurgery» on April 25, 2022 with complaints of visual impairment and metamorphopsia in the right eye for the last 14 days. The anamnesis revealed that the patient had been under outpatient treatment for COVID-19 from April 5th to April 22nd of 2022. The complaints of visual impairment appeared in the second week of the coronavirus infection. Full ophthalmological examination was performed to clarify the diagnosis. On admission: Visus OD = 0.4, Visus OS = 1.0. Еye pressure – normotony. Anterior – posterior axis OD – 24.02, OS – 24.1. There was a grayish-yellow pathological focus with indistinct boundaries and perifocal edema visualized in the macular zone of the right eye juxtafoveolarly. Optical coherence tomography revealed a hyperreflective focus with indistinct boundaries over the retinal pigment epithelium with local retinal neuroepithelial detachments. OCT-angiography revealed a pathological network of newly formed type 2 vessels. Results. Since «idiopathic chorioidal neovascularization» is a rather rare pathology, a thorough differential diagnosis with such diseases as: myopic chorioidal neovascularization, central serous chorioretinopathy complicated by CNS, presumed histoplasmosis syndrome, focal chorioretinitis was performed. Based on the results of the examination, the diagnosis was «idiopathic chorioidal neovascularization of the right eye» and intravitreal injection of Eilea in pro renata mode was recommended. One month after the second intravitreal injection of Eilea in the right eye, the visual acuity in the right eye increased to 1.0. On ophthalmoscopy, a juxtafoveolar pigmented focus was visualized. Optical coherence tomography revealed a hyperreflective focus with clear boundaries. According to OCT, there is a complete absence of neoplastic vessels. Conclusion. A particular feature of this clinical case is the possible effect of COVID-19 on the occurrence of rare forms of CHF in young patients. Retinal changes due to COVID-19 should be further investigated in prospective studies. Key words: COVID-19, chorioidal neovascularization, optical coherence tomography
ORGANIZATIONAL TECHNOLOGIES TO DEACREASE A RISK OF CRITICAL INCIDENTS DURING ANESTHESIA
Authors: BIELKA K. , KUCHYN I , FRANK M. , FOMINA G. , SIRENKO I. , YUROVICH A. , LISNYY I , POSTERNAK G.
Published: August 2023

Resume. The introduction of checklists during anesthesia could affects the critical incidents incidence during anesthesia.

The purpose of the study. Studying the impact of organizational technologies the checklist «Safe Surgery» and the checklist of anesthesia equipment on the frequency of critical incidents in Ukrainian hospitals during anesthesiology.

Materials and methods. The audit was conducted at the Department of Surgery, Anesthesiology and Intensive Care of Postgraduate Education of Bogomolets NMU.

Results. Critical incidents occurred in 150 (12,73%) cases in the control group and 63 (5,95%)) in the intervention group (OR 0.43 [0.32-0.59], p<0.0001).

Conclusions. Being a method with a consistently proven positive effect in almost any surgical environment, a checklist is a reliable way to implement modern safety standards. The checklists used by most anesthesiologists during anesthesiology helped reduce the number of errors and shortcomings during manipulations.
«MEDICAL ERROR» AND «MEDICAL NEGLIGENCE»?: LIMITS OF RESPONSIBILITY
Authors: SHEVEL A.V. , DUBROV S.O. , LISUN Y.B.
Published: August 2023

In today's world, evidence-based medicine is gaining relevance, one of the principles of which is to reduce probable medical errors. The main task of the health care system in Ukraine is to improve the quality of medical care. The effectiveness and clarity of the functioning of all units (health care facilities, relevant ministries, departments, etc.) to improve the quality of health care is possible only if they are coordinated. But despite all the actions and methods aimed at improving the provision of medical care, there are cases when treatment does not give the expected result, then talk about medical errors. The definition of «medical error» is understood to mean the result of incorrect actions of a doctor in the process of diagnosing or treating a patient, which led to a threat to the life and health of the patient. In various sources, «medical error» is identified with «medical negligence» or «negligence», and whether these concepts are identical, we will try to understand
RESPONS PERTUMBUHAN DAN PRODUKSI TANAMAN BAWANG MERAH (Allium ascalonicum L.) TERHADAP LIMBAH SOLID (CPO) SERTA PUPUK NPK ORGANIK
Authors: Vera Nopelina Sianipar  , T. Edy Sabli  , Siti Zahrah
Published: August 2023

Penelitian dengan judul respons pertumbuhan dan produksi tanaman bawang merah (Allium ascalonicum L.) terhadap limbah solid serta NPK organik. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Kebun Percobaan Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Islam Riau, Pekanbaru. Selama tiga bulan terhitung bulan Juni - Agustus 2021. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui pengaruh interaksi limbah solid dan NPK organik sebagai bahan organik dalam meningkatkan pertumbuhan serta produksi bawang merah. Rancangan yang digunakan adalah rancangan acak lengkap yang terdiri dari 2 faktor yaitu Faktor LIMBAH solid dan Faktor NPK organik terdiri dari 4 taraf sehingga terdapat 16 kombinasi perlakuan dengan 3 ulangan, didapatkan 48 satuan percobaan dengan total 1.200 tanaman. Setiap satuan percobaan terdiri dari 25 tanaman per plot dan 5 tanaman dijadikan sebagai sampel. Parameter yang diamati: tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, laju pertumbuhan relatif, umur panen, diameter umbi, jumlah umbi per rumpun, berat basah umbi per rumpun, berat kering umbi per rumpun, susut bobot umbi dan berat kering biomassa. Data dianalisis secara statistik dan dilanjutkan dengan uji lanjut Beda Nyata Jujur pada taraf 5%. Hasil penelitian ini secara interaksi kombinasi limbah solid dan NPK organik nyata terhadap semua parameter pengamatan kecuali parameter laju pertumbuhan relatif dan susut bobot umbi tanaman bawang merah dengan kombinasi terbaik terdapat pada perlakuan limbah solid 2 kg per plot dan NPK organik 120 g per plot. Pengaruh utama limbah solid memberikan pengaruh nyata terhadap semua parameter pengamatan, dengan perlakuan terbaik terdapat pada perlakuan limbah solid 2 kg per plot. Pengaruh utama NPK organic memberikan pengaruh nyata terhadap semua parameter pengamatan, dengan perlakuan terbaik terdapat pada perlakuan NPK organik 120 g per plot.
APLIKASI PEMBERIAN KOMPOS TITONIA DAN PUPUK GRAND-K TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN SERTA PRODUKSI TANAMAN BAWANG MERAH (Allium ascalonicum L.) PADA TANAH GAMBUT
Authors: Asih Pengestuti  , Fathurrahman  , Siti Zahra
Published: August 2023

Application of titonia compost and Grand-K fertilizer on growth and production of shallots (Allium ascalonicum L.) on peat soil has been conducted at the Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Islam Riau starting from June to August 2021. This is research aimed to know the effect of interaction and each of the main factors of Titonia compost and Grand-K fertilizer on the growth and yield of shallots in peat. The design used in this study is completely randomized design (CRD) factorial consisting of two factors. The first factor is the doses of Titonia Compost which consists of 4 levels, namely 0, 15, 30, and 45 g per polybag. The second factor is the doses of Grand-K fertilizer which consists of 4 levels, namely 0; 0.40; 0.80 and 1.20 g per polybag. Parameters observed were relative growth rate, plant height, number of tubers per clump, wet tuber weight per clump, tuber diameter, dry tuber weight per clump, dry weight of biomass, measurement of pH and plant nutrient uptake. The observational data were analyzed statistically and continued with further real difference honest test at the 0,05 level. The results showed that the interaction of titonia compost and Grand-K fertilizer was significant on the parameters of the number of tubers per clump, wet weight of tubers per clump, dry weight of tubers per clump and dry weight of biomass. Combination The best treatment was the dose of titonia compost 45 g/polybag and Grand-K fertilizer 0.80 g/polybag. The main effect of titonia compost was significant on all observed parameters. The best treatment was the dose of titonia compost 45 g/polybag. The main effect of Grand-K fertilizer dose was significant on all observation parameters. The best treatment was a dose of 0.80 g/polybag Grand-K fertilizer.
PENGARUH BERBAGAI BIOPESTISIDA DALAM MENEKAN HAMA SERTA APLIKASI BERBAGAI BIOAKTIVATOR UNTUK MENINGKATKAN HASIL BUNGA KOL (Brassica olaraceae L.)
Authors: Chusrin Irwansyah  , Saripah Ulpah  , T. Edy Sabli
Published: August 2023

Berbagai biopestisida diaplikasikan dengan tujuan menekan hama pada tanaman bunga kol, serta dikombinasikan dengan aplikasi berbagai bioaktivator untuk meningkatkan hasil.  Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) secara faktorial yang terdiri dari dua faktor. Faktor pertama adalah jenis bioaktivator yang terdiri dari 4 taraf yaitu tanpa bioaktivator, EM4, Trichoderma, Cendawan Mikoriza arbuskular (CMA). Faktor kedua adalah biopestisida yang terdiri dari 5 taraf yaitu tanpa biopestisida, ekstrak pinang muda, Metarhizium, Beauvaria bassiana insektisida bahan aktif abamektin juga sebagai kontrol. Parameter yang diamati ialah laju pertumbuhan relatif (LPR)(g/hari), tinggi tanaman (cm), jumlah daun (helai), berat bunga (g), berat bunga ekonomis (g), berat tajuk basah (g), volume akar (ml), umur muncul hama (hari), jenis dan jumlah hama, intensitas serangan (%) dan persentase tanaman mati (%). Data dianalisis secara statistik dan dilanjutkan BNJ taraf 5%. Hasil analisis statistik menunjukkan secara interaksi berbagai bioaktivator dan biopestisida berpengaruh nyata terhadap parameter laju pertumbuhan relatif berat bunga, berat bunga ekonomis dan berat tajuk basah. Kombinasi terbaik yaitu bioaktivator cendawan mikoriza arbuskular dan abamektin. Pengaruh utama berbagai bioaktivator nyata terhadap parameter tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, volume akar, persentase tanaman mati dengan perlakuan terbaik pemberian cendawan mikoriza arbuskula. Pengaruh utama berbagai biopestisida tidak berpengaruh nyata namun pemberian abamektin nyata terhadap tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, volume akar, umur muncul hama, jumlah hama Plutella dan intensitas serangan hama Plutella.
Introducere în utilizarea inteligenţei artificiale în pediatrie
Authors: Pop Tudor Lucian
Published: August 2023

Artificial intelligence (AI) is a fascinating field that has cap­tured the attention of scientists and researchers. The de­fi­ni­tions of AI have changed and evolved. The con­tem­po­rary definition focuses on the ability of artificial systems to learn from data and perform specific tasks, such as voice and vi­sual recognition or decision-making based on complex in­for­ma­tion. Artificial intelligence has evolved from rigidly pro­grammed systems to ones that can learn and adapt auto­no­mously. AI has represented a significant evolution in the medical field, bringing fundamental changes in di­sease diagnosis, treatment and management. There are se­veral ways in which it can be used in pediatrics: assisted diag­no­sis and prognosis, designing personalized treatment regi­mens, real-time monitoring of patients, assistance in con­sul­ta­tions and remote care, and medical education and training. Despite all the advantages that AI brings, doctors’ re­luc­tance remains an important obstacle to its adoption. Con­cerns about the ethical and legal aspects of using AI in medical practice may drive this reluctance. Ethical and le­gal issues include patient data privacy, accountability, trans­pa­rency of AI algorithms, and error detection. Clear re­gu­la­tions are needed to address these issues in medical prac­tice. Artificial intelligence should not and will never re­place the experience and expertise of doctors. AI in pe­dia­trics should always complement doctors based on a multidisciplinary approach involving human medical con­sul­ta­tion and decision-making in a wider context.
Urgenţe în reumatologia pediatrică (II): sindromul antifosfolipidic
Authors: Murgu Alina , Munteanu Valentin , Jităreanu Cristina , Russu Georgiana , Cozma Ioana , Roşu Tamara Solange
Published: August 2023

Sometimes, child’s rheumatic diseases are generating emergency type complications which, if not diagnosed in time, are life-threatening. Antiphospholipid syndrome in its severe form can induce coagulation disorders and acute organ failure, depending on location and extent. Systemic lupus erythematosus is frequently associated with this pathology and must be carefully investigated and monitored in the evolution of the patient, in order to benefit from early specific anticoagulant treatment, associated with chronic background immunosuppressive treatment.
Impactul consumului de canabis asupra semnelor neurologice minore la pacienţii cu schizofrenie
Authors: Petrescu Cristian , Petrescu Diana M. , Ciobanu Constantin A. , Ciobanu Adela M. , Marian Gabriela
Published: August 2023

The impact of cannabis use on neurological soft signs (NSS) in patients with schizophrenia is a topic of growing interest. This narrative review aims to provide an overview of the current understanding of this relationship. The PubMed database was used to identify relevant articles, and the initial search yielded a total of 144 publications. By using automation tools, 137 records were removed, and seven remaining studies were further reviewed in full-text. 
Results. The findings suggest that, although the use of cannabis decreases the global expression of NSS, heavy cannabis use is associated with higher levels of NSS in sensorimotor subdomains related to complex motor tasks. Furthermore, neuroimaging studies have revealed alterations in brain regions involved in sensorimotor execution and control in individuals with heavy cannabis use. These findings support the hypothesis that cannabis, through its effects on the sensorimotor system, can impair neurological functioning and increase the positive symptoms of schizophrenia. In conclusion, this narrative review highlights the complex relationship between cannabis use, neurological soft signs and schizophrenia. Understanding the impact of cannabis on NSS in patients with schizophrenia is crucial for developing targeted interventions and for optimizing treatment outcomes. Further research, including longitudinal studies and meta-analyses, is warranted to enhance our understanding of this important area.
ANALYSIS OF FLOOD HYDROGRAPH IN THE LANDAK SUB WATERSHED
Authors: Miranda Juwita , Soeryamassoeka SB , Gunarto Danang
Published: August 2023

This research is motivated by the natural flooding disaster in the Landak sub-watershed area, which can be caused by river overflow due to high rain intensity. Flood discharge can be calculated using the Synthetic Unit Hydrograph method if the available data is limited, such as only obtaining rainfall data and watershed characteristics.Several Synthetic Unit Hydrograph (SUH) methodologies, including SUH Snyder, Nakayasu, Soil Conservation Services (SCS), Gama I, ITB, and Limantara, were utilized in this study. The analyzed data included precipitation data and measured discharge data. Rainfall data are analyzed using the homogeneity test, statistical descriptors, and chi-squared to determine the planned flood discharge. Then, continue with the study of rainfall frequency and analysis of rainfall intensity so that the maximal discharge can be analyzed using three SUH methods: HSS Snyder, Nakayasu, and SCS. The analysis of measured release is conducted by statistically analyzing estimated discharge data.The analysis results are then compared to obtain the percentage error between the discharge plan and the minimum measured discharge. The results showed that the HSS Snyder method was selected for analyzing flood discharge in the Landak sub-watershed basin because it has the minimum percentage error from comparing planned release and measured discharge values. Therefore, for the calculation of flood discharge analysis of the Landak sub-watershed basin, the HSS Snyder method is used with the acquisition of flood discharge plans for the return period of 2, 5, 10, 20, 50, and 100 years of 648,880 m3/sec, 896,335 m3/sec, 1025,954 m3/sec, 1132,006 m3/sec, 1252,788 m3/sec, 1335,273 m3/sec.
Complete Valorisation of Lignocellulose and Low Concentration CO2 using a Fractionation-Photocatalysis-Electrolysis Process
Authors: Rodríguez-Jiménez Santiago , Lam Erwin , Bhattacharjee Subhajit , Reisner Erwin
Published: August 2023

The simultaneous upcycling of all components in lignocellulosic biomass and the greenhouse gas CO¬2 presents an attractive opportunity to synthesise sustainable and valuable chemicals. However, this approach has not yet been realised, presumably due to the difficulty of implementing a solution process to convert a robust and complex solid (lignocellulose) with a barely soluble and stable gas (CO2). Herein, we present the complete oxidative valorisation of lignocellulose coupled to the reduction of low concentration CO2 through a three-step fractionation-photocatalysis-electrolysis process. Lignocellulose from white birch wood was first pre-treated using an acidic dioxane solution to generate predominantly cellulosic- and lignin-based fractions. The solid cellulosic-based fraction was solubilised using cellulase (a cellulose depolymerising enzyme), followed by photocatalytic oxidation to formate with concomitant reduction of CO2 to syngas (a gas mixture of CO and H2) using a phosphonate-containing cobalt(II) bis(terpyridine) catalyst immobilised onto TiO2 nanoparticles. Photocatalysis generated 27.9±2.0 µmolCO gTiO2–1 (TONCO = 2.8±0.2; 16% CO selectivity) and 147.7±12.0 µmolformate gTiO2–1 after 24 h solar light irradiation under 20 vol% CO2 in N2. The soluble lignin-based fraction was oxidised in an electrolyser to the value-added chemicals vanillin (0.62 g kglignin–1) and syringaldehyde (1.65 g kglignin–1) at the anode, while diluted CO2 (20 vol%) was converted to CO (20.5±0.2 µmolCO cm–2 in 4 h) at a Co(II) porphyrin catalyst modified cathode (TONCO = 707±7; 78% CO selectivity) at an applied voltage of 3 V. We thus demonstrate the complete valorisation of solid and a gaseous waste stream in a liquid phase process by combining fractioning, photo- and electrocatalysis based on earth-abundant molecular hybrid nanomaterials.
Triplet-triplet annihilation upconversion for calcium sensing
Authors: Andreeva Valeriia D. , Yang Tingxiang , Regeni Irene , Dietzek-Ivanšić Benjamin , Bonnet Sylvestre A.
Published: August 2023

Triplet-triplet annihilation upconversion is a bimolecular process converting low-energy light into high-energy one. All available calcium probes, despite their qualities, are downconverting, which leads to the autofluorescence caused by background emission of the intra- and intercellular molecules. Here we report a calcium-sensing system working via upconverted emission. The probe itself was obtained by covalent conjugation of a perylene blue emitter with a calcium-chelating moiety; it was sensitized by a red-light absorbing palladium porphyrin. Sensing was selective towards Ca2+ and occurred in the micromolar domain in aqueous solutions and methanol. The upconverted luminescence only appeared in the presence of calcium ions, with a quantum yield of up to 0.0018.
General rules for the design of molecular photoswitches based on electrocyclization
Authors: Climent Clàudia , Xu Zhen , Wolf Michael O. , Casanova David
Published: August 2023

Molecular photoswitches undergo a structural transformation upon excitation with light to intraconvert between two or more stable forms. In some cases, the structural rearrangement involves a cyclization reaction, that is, the transition between ring-open and ring-closed molecular forms. In this work we develop simple guidelines for the design of organic molecules able to undergo photochemical electrocyclization, using electronic structure calculations on one of the most widely-used family of molecules in the field, dithienylethene (DTE)-based compounds. We conclude that the ability to photocyclize can be predicted from the localization and symmetry of frontier molecular orbitals. These ideas are based on the Woodward- Hoffmann rules, but go beyond them, allowing the behavior of a more general family of chromophores, chemically substituted DTEs, to be understood. Moreover, our rules have been validated by assessment of a large number of molecular photoswitches that have been previously investigated experimentally. We have also explored the relationship between thermal stability of the closed form and aromaticity. We use the DTE scaffold as the workhorse model in our computational study, however, these simple yet powerful guidelines are expected to be generally valid to guide the design of other diarylethenes.
Near-Complete Destruction of PFAS in Aqueous Film-Forming Foam (AFFF) by Integrated Photo-Electrochemical Processes
Authors: Guan Yunqiao , Liu Zekun , Yang Nanyang , Yang Shasha , Quispe-Cardenas Estefanny , Liu Jinyong , Yang Yang
Published: August 2023

Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are highly recalcitrant pollutants in the water environment worldwide. Aqueous film-foaming foam (AFFF) for fire-fighting is a major source of PFAS pollution. However, complete defluorination (i.e., cleaving all C−F bonds into F− ions) of PFAS by a non-thermal technology is rare. The destruction of the PFAS mixture in the complex organic matrix of AFFF is even more challenging. In this study, we designed and demonstrated a UV/sulfite−electrochemical oxidation (UV/S−EO) process. The tandem UV/S−EO leverages the complementary advantages of UV/S and EO modules in (i) PFAS transformation mechanism and (ii) engineering process design (e.g., foaming control, chemical dosage, and energy consumption). At ambient temperature and pressure, The UV/S−EO realized near-complete defluorination and mineralization of most PFAS and organics in AFFF (50−500x diluted, containing up to 200 mg L−1 organic fluorine and >4000 mg L−1 organic carbon). This work highlights the integration of molecular-level insight and engineering design toward solving major challenges of AFFF water pollution and stockpile disposal.
Compound similarity network as a novel data mining strategy for high-throughput investigation of degradation pathways of organic pollutants in industrial wastewater treatment
Authors: An Lirong , Chen Bin , Zhang Yuchen , Huang Rongfu , Li Feng , Tang Yanan
Published: August 2023

The identification of degradation products and pathways is crucial for investigating emerging pollutants and evaluating wastewater treatment methods. Non-targeted analysis is a powerful tool to systematically investigate the degradation pathways of organic pollutants in real wastewater samples, but often generate large data sets making it difficult to effectively find information of interests. Here, we propose that that it is possible to establish the linkages among compounds in the same degradation pathways based on their structure similarity. Using this principle, we introduce compound similarity network (CSN) as a novel data mining strategy to identify degradation pathways using MS data collected in LC-MS based non-targeted analysis of complex wastewater samples. We demonstrated this strategy by non-targeted identifying potential degradation products of organic pollutants in leather industrial wastewater during laboratory-scale activated carbon adsorption (ACD) and ozonation processes. Using LC-MS based non-targeted analysis and the CSN strategy, we putatively identified 4324 compounds in the untreated leather industrial wastewater, 3246 after ACD, and 3777 after ACD/ozonation. We located 145 potential degradation pathways of organic pollutants in the ACD/ozonation process using CSN and validated 9 pathways with 21 commercial standard compounds. Our CSN strategy for LC-MS based non-targeted analysis provides a highly efficient way to investigate degradation pathways of complicated organic pollutants in authentic wastewater.
Manufacturing free-standing porous layers with dynamic hydrogen bubble templating
Authors: Mularczyk Adrian , Niblett Daniel , Wijpkema Adam , van Maris Marc , Forner-Cuenca Antoni
Published: August 2023

The three-dimensional structure – i.e. microstructure – of porous electrodes governs the performance of emerging electrochemical technologies such as fuel cells, electrolysis and batteries. Sustaining electrochemical reactions and convective-diffusive mass transport at high efficiency is complex and motivates the search for sophisticated microstructures with multimodal pore size distributions and pore size gradients. Drawing inspiration from porous metallic foams, here we engineer a novel method to manufacture free-standing, thin, porous foams via dynamic hydrogen bubble templating in an electrochemical flow cell, through the introduction of an intermediate layer and optimization of synthesis parameters (i.e. voltage, concentration and charge). We create mechanically stable foams with thicknesses ranging from ~50 µm to ~200 µm comprising porous, dendritic structures, arranged to form a vascular network of larger pores with a gradient in radii from ~5 µm at the bottom and up to ~36 µm at the top of the material. Using segmented X-ray tomographic data, we simulate the diffusive transport through the material as function of liquid filling and compare it to carbon fiber-based material. For all ranges of saturation, the metallic foams outperforms the fibrous structure, showcasing the potential of bimodal pore size architectures to improve two phase transport by optimizing the distribution of phases.
Comparison of I-Gel and Auragain in Airway Management
Authors: EDE Göksel , DELİGÖZ Özlem , GÖKDEN Sefa , EKİNCİ Osman
Published: August 2023

Objective: We aimed to compare the superiority of I-Gel and Auragain, the second-generation supraglottic airway devices (SGAD) with different cuff structures, in terms of speed and ease of placement, oropharyngeal leak pressure (OLP), resistance of gastric contents, and post-operative oropharyngeal pain. Materials and Methods: A total of 70 patients aged 18-65 years, with ASA scores I-II, who used I-Gel or Auragain to provide airways under general anesthesia were included in the study. Patients were divided into two groups as I-Gel and Auragain according to the type of SGAD used. Results: OLP, placement duration and Visual Analogue Score (VAS) were found to be statistically significantly higher in the Auragain group (p
EFFECT OF PENSION INVESTMENT ON FINANCIAL DEPTH IN NIGERIA: EMPIRICAL INVESTIGATION
Authors: OYEDOKUN Godwin Emmanuel , AKINGUNOLA Richard O. , SOMOYE Russell O.C.
Published: August 2023

This study examined the effect of pension investment on financial dept in Nigeria. The study adopted an ex-post facto research design. The population of the study is 14 years of Nigeria economy from the year 2007-2020. Time-series data were sourced for this study which are entirely secondary data from the Pension Commission and the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) statistical bulletin, and the World development indicator (WDI) of the World Bank Database. Autoregressive Distributed Delay Limitation (ARDL) bounds testing approach was adopted to examine the long- and short-term relationships between the series, using Eview 12 version. The result of the hypothesis shows that there is evidence that pension investment in equities has positive relationship with financial deepening. This implies that increases in pension investment in equities will lead to increase in financial depth in Nigeria. In sharp contrast, pension investments in FGN securities, local money market securities and mutual funds have a negative relation with financial depth. This implies that increases in pension investments in FGN securities, local money market securities and mutual funds will lead to decrease in financial depth in Nigeria. The result also shows that in the short run that pension investments in equities and mutual funds have positive but insignificant relationship with financial depth, while FGN securities and local money market securities have negative and insignificant relationship with financial depth. The study then recommended that, to accelerate financial sector depth, it is necessary for the financial sector regulators and policymakers to strengthen the depth of banks asset, other financial institutions and financial markets through policies and reforms to attract more pension investment that will contribute to the development of Nigeria’s financial stance.
Smart Cities and Socio-Economic Development in Nigeria: Evidences from some selected Countries.
Authors: Okewale Raheem Akanni , ATOBATELE ABOLAJI JAMIU
Published: August 2023

The rate at which cities are growing over decades with unprecedented increase in the use of utilities such as water, energy, education, housing, sanitation etc. calls for concern. The unprecedented population growth has led to the agitation for smart cities where little efforts will be utilized to achieve maximum output. However the government of Nigeria has put in place some measures to achieving smart city concept that will assist the citizens to live better life that will lead to a robust socio-economic, despite this feat the country has not explored the concept maximally to increase better living that will engender a robust socio-economic development. Sequel to this background that this study examines the role plays by smart cities in ensuring socio-economic development in Nigeria. The secondary data used in this study was gathered from existing publications. Being a qualitative research, content analysis was employed in the interpretation of the data. It was revealed that smart city arrangement in Nigeria is poor, hence this affect socio-economic activities most especially in the areas of trade and commerce, education, security, health to mention but a few. The study therefore recommends that government should encourage private sector through public private partnership to achieve this feat.
CRITICAL EVALUATION OF EU MIGRATION POLICY IN CRISIS AGENDA WITHIN FRAMEWORK OF BORDER MANAGEMENT
Authors: Mammadov Sahil
Published: August 2023

If we try to define the concept of migration, which is one of the critical issues faced by all countries today, we will see that it is more a search for innovation stemming from a "problem", and this process has tried to preserve this feature from the very beginning of history until today. When we open the concept of "problem" here, it can be seen that sometimes there can be a direct threat to human existence, such as natural disaster, war, oppression and persecution, and sometimes this process can occur for personal reasons, such as unemployment, the desire for a better life. At the same time, the issue of migration can be considered optional as well as mandatory within the framework of interstate agreements and various difficulties experienced. It is known that the migration crisis observed in 2015 as a result of the fragmentation trend among the member states turned into an integration crisis in the EU migration policy. In this regard, this study aims to reveal the validity of independent national policy requirements by analyzing them. The secondary data methods have applied for this study by using different official sources from EU and other statistical sources. With this aim, the evaluation of the EU's migration policy goals, financial, legal and institutional tools in the context of inter-national and intergovernmental tension in the example of border management is considered as the main final goal of the study.
GROSS PREMIUM INCOME AND CLAIMS SETTLEMENT FOR FIRE INSURANCE POLICY IN NIGERIA: A PANEL APPROACH
Authors: Akindipe Leke Ebenezer , Isimoya Ogorchukwu Augustine
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACTClaims, being the heartbeat of the workability of insurance, are the most critical contact influencer between the insuring public and the insurer. It serves as a critical path to truth that shapes the policyholders’ ultimate perceptions of their insurers. This study evaluated the relationship between gross premium income and claims settlement with specific focus on fire insurance business in the Nigerian insurance industry from 2010 to 2021. Data on gross premiums income and gross claims paid over the period were extracted from Nigerian Insurers Association (NIA) annual reports and digest. Stationarity test carried out on the data revealed that data is stationary at the 1%, 5% and 10% levels of significance. Using the ordinary least squares regression, the calculated probability value of 0.0000 is lower than the 0.05 significant value, which shows that there is a significant significance of the data. The computed linear co-efficient of determination (R2= 0.928731) shows that 92.87% of the total return on asset is accounted for by the independent variables which are expense ratio and net claims. It was therefore concluded that there is a significant relationship between gross premium income and gross claims payment of fire insurance in careful consideration must be given to other administrative costs, such as underwriting, which have the potential to reduce the Revenues and profits of the company
Cost Minimization Analysis of a Running Firm with Economic Policy
Authors: Mohajan Haradhan Kumar
Published: August 2023

In this paper the Cobb-Douglas production function is operated in a firm for the analysis of the cost minimization policies. In an economic world, gain of profit depends on the efficient use of raw materials and use of various techniques of the cost minimization. A firm’s main target is to make maximum profit. Scientific based and efficient but minimum cost procedures will favor in this regard. To increase local and global demands, a firm of course develop production sector. An attempt has been taken in this study to minimize cost by considering four inputs, such as capital, labor, raw material, and other inputs to form the economic model subject to a production constraint within the budget.
Toward a Politics of Inclusion: Prospects and Problems of Civic Participation in Indonesia’s Government Decentralization
Authors: Fatlolon Costantinus
Published: August 2023

This article assesses the shortcomings and possibilities of deepening civic participation in Indonesia’s government decentralization. Applying an expositive-critical-reconstructive approach and using Habermas’s theory of law and democracy, this study addresses the main question: “What democratic principles must be adhered to by Indonesian citizens to achieve the purpose of government decentralization?” This article argues that government decentralization in Indonesia has brought democracy closer to the people; however, it did not necessarily result in the active participation of citizens in local government affairs and in crafting local regulations. This deficit requires the local governments to institutionalize the ideal lawmaking procedures and inherit democratic ethos. The local people must be educated and capacitated to maximize the benefits of government decentralization, while civil society groups step in to practice democratic principles in civic participation and lawmaking.
Making Sensation: Sculpturing Bamboo by Joko Avianto
Authors: Zaelani Rizki A.
Published: August 2023

The creation of visual art has often been considered to be the privilege of the artist, where art is confined to the purpose and intention of its creation, and the assessment of art becomes a series of explanations that restrain the meaning of an artistic expression. From the perspective of Deleuze-Guattari, art is a monument of sensation that transcends the boundaries of subject and object, and it stands as a statement about itself. The relationship between the artist-subject and material-object used in the process of creating visual art is therefore in the domain of visual practice as a kind of thinking and acting strategy. Joko Avianto’s three-dimensional works exhibited in Frankfurt, Germany, and Yokohama, Japan, are examples of Deleuze-Guattari’s explanation of monuments of sensations in their embodiment. Joko Avianto creates a distinctive and subjective method of artistic action in his creative process, transforming perception into percept and affection into affect, and affirming the state of becoming. Art, visual art, and art practice are mechanisms that allow them to express an ethico-aesthetic paradigm. This paradigm reconnects each existence and becoming of the subject, through aesthetic experience, to the re-emerging new world. Thus, what makes art special is its capability to both transcend and surpass the limits to rediscover or restore the boundless.
Mata Bestari, Benak Meraki: Menuju Budaya Post-Visual
Authors: Bawono Haryo Tejo
Published: August 2023

The history of philosophy can be seen from a perspective as a story about the struggle between vision and visuality. In this space, at least during the Enlightenment period, seeing becomes one of the most decisive factors for knowing. ‘Seeing’ is no longer understood simply as a biological activity leading to knowing (“seeing is knowing”) but also a category and a catalog of knowledge (“seeing is believing”). Postmodernism shows that what actually happens is often exactly the opposite (“believing is seeing”). By starting with some kind of trust, people claim that they can see. There is a very close relationship and also a wide separation between seeing and knowing, that is, between the eye and the mind. However, in today’s cinematic society or visual and digital culture, the boundaries or bridges between the eye and the mind are becoming increasingly blurred. In this blurring of boundaries, the eye becomes simply a sort of camera machine: whatever is in front of it becomes a ‘prey’ and becomes something that is considered finished, and is threatened of being defined definitively and coldly. This is a challenge for philosophy. This article is an invitation to an awareness of the trend towards the fading boundaries, and simultaneously deals with the dangers of its unawareness. Insofar as one is aware of this tendency, can the bestari eyes (the educated eyes) and the meraki minds (the beautiful minds) be created.
New Development in the Labor Theory of Value under Joint Production: Discussion on the Keys and Fallacies of “Steedman's Puzzle”
Authors: 张 忠任
Published: August 2023

在马克思主义经济学研究中,联合生产问题之所以引人注目,最初是因为斯蒂德曼于1975年提出在联合生产的条件下会出现正的利润与负的剩余价值并存的现象,即所谓的“斯蒂德曼之谜”,并用来作为否定劳动价值论的武器,产生了极其不良的国际影响。本文表明,只要把联合生产最初的产品-生产过程模式变更为部门-部门模式,就能够克服斯拉法分析方法的局限性,由此可以阐明联合生产方法与马克思主义经济学是兼容的,不仅不存在矛盾,而且可以用来分析资源约束条件下的经济增长问题,并可以通过完善负价值的概念,运用劳动价值论来解释环境污染问题与被污染环境的修复问题。本文还构筑了联合生产下的价值决定模型以及联合生产下价值向生产价格转形模型,并给出这两种模型存在唯一正解的条件,从而彻底破解“斯蒂德曼之谜”所提出的诘难。本文不仅拓展了劳动价值论的研究手段,而且丰富了劳动价值论的应用范围。
Sraffa in the History of Economic Thought: Production Costs in Neoclassical Theory
Authors: 谢弗德 波特伦 , 姜 宏
Published: August 2023

在20世纪20年代,斯拉法对马歇尔经济学进行了一场著名的批判。斯拉法的文章和罗宾逊夫人以及张伯伦的著作掀起了一轮不完全竞争分析的潮流。本文聚焦于斯拉法对马歇尔经济学中生产理论的批判。第一,本文回顾了斯拉法文章的背景,包括经济学的方法论争论。第二,本文重点分析了斯拉法如何在逻辑上拆解了马歇尔经济学。斯拉法的文章从规模收益规律和完全竞争条件的分析入手,揭示了新古典主义经济理论的错误。第三,通过对斯拉法文章的分析,我们可以看到那些通向《用商品生产商品》——日后斯拉法最重要作品——的思想萌芽。
On Solow-Cobb-Douglas Production Function and it's Relation with Marx's Value Theory of Labor —How to Derive Solow-Cobb-Douglas Production Function from Value Theory of Labor
Authors: 何 祚庥 , 庆 承瑞
Published: August 2023

本文从对当代经济学中最常用的索罗—柯布—道格拉斯生产函数的分析入手,指出这一纯经验的数学函数是可以从马克思的劳动价值论的基本公式WJ=C+V+M推导出来的。为此,要将此公式中只包含人类体力劳动做功的价值扩展到将因科技进步以及市场和交易手段的进步引起的劳动生产率的增长定量地引入,在数学方法处理上采取合理的近似后,可以导出索罗—柯布—道格拉斯生产函数。特别是对索罗余值,也即全要素生产率的表达式,给出了多种因素的物理内容。作为一个初步探索,本文只给出了包含人力劳动以及市场和科技进步等因素共同合成的全要素劳动生产率,但完全可以引入包括外部因素在内的各种可能因素。
A Political Economics Analysis of Data Participation in Capitalism
Authors: LIU Zhen , ZHANG Lirong , ZENG Zeyu
Published: August 2023

Nowadays, as the development of science and technology promotes the continuous change of the force of production, data is becoming an increasingly important production factor that is deeply involved in the process of production, circulation, distribution and consumption in capitalist society. This study aims to explore the application of data in capitalist production and its implications. We analyzes the data from the labor process and the process of producing surplus value, from which it is concluded that the application of data in the general production process does not deviate from the category of the “ Labor Theory of Value”. In addition, we distinguish the performance of data in the four links of surplus value production, realization, distribution and redistribution, thereby illustrating the positive role of data in the capitalist economy. We also identify changes in the value composition caused by data.
Building World-Class State-owned Enterprises —Connotation, Characteristics, Measurement, and Development Direction
Authors: 李 政 , 刘 涛
Published: August 2023

将我国国有企业培育成为具有全球竞争力的世界一流企业既是以习近平同志为核心的党中央对国有企业改革作出的重要部署,也是以央业为代表的众多国有企业发展的战略目标和宏伟愿景。全民所有制性质决定了世界一流国有企业不仅应具备产品与服务一流、企业效率领先、管理水平先进等世界一流企业普遍特征,还应成为引领经济高质量发展、提升国有经济“五力”、做强做大做优国有资本的重要支撑。因此,在世界一流国有企业的测度中,应将企业的社会价值和企业个体价值放在同等重要的位置。建设世界一流国有企业,在国家层面,要打造世界一流的营商环境;在国资监管层面,要明确国有企业市场主体地位;在企业层面,要塑造品牌价值、提高创新能力、提升经营管理效能。
Research on the Grass-roots Practice and Policy Model of Project System
Authors: 李 小云 , 马 彦军 , 朱 永胜
Published: August 2023

项目制作为一种基层治理模式,是分税制度改革以来最重要的财政转移支付手段之一,也是各级政府部门常见公共治理手段,对于满足基层公共服务需求和增进国家公共利益有着重要的现实意义,在巩固拓展脱贫攻坚成果同乡村振兴有效衔接中发挥了重要作用。但在项目实施的全周期中,各级政府在资源配置和政策目标间互动博弈,会产生项目谋划能力不足、绩效考核机制限制县级项目分配、地方债务扩张、监管机制不完善、运维管护能力弱、运营机制还不完善等困境。为深入研究基层项目制的运行逻辑、实践困境与治理路径,本文以深度访谈、参与式观察和案例追踪的方式,研究项目承载的政策意图和其表现出的政策模式,归纳出“竞争-分配”式双向配置的分析框架。研究表明,中国地方政府在项目制下存在三种政策模式,即市场扩展与长远眼光,选择性、目的化——创造竞争优势,管制与支持这三种政策模式。本文最后从制度建设、资金使用、产业发展、营商环境、预算审议、协同配合和项目分配等方面对项目申请及分配提出政策建议。
Current Situation and Improvement of the Construction of Ideological and Political Teachers in Jiangxi Private Colleges and Universities
Authors: Gu Hongmei , Jinling Liu
Published: August 2023

Through the investigation of the current situation of the construction of ideological and political teachers in 10 private colleges and universities in Jiangxi Province, it is found that the number of teachers in private  colleges and universities does not reach the standard, and the original quality of the teachers is low and the postgraduate quality is sluggish. The imbalance of the team structure still exists. The article believes that Private colleges and universities strengthening policy support at the government level, emphasizing the quality supervision of team building, establishing a long-term mechanism for supervision and inspection, strengthening the cooperation of multiple parties, and exploring new models for improving the teaching team are the feasible ways for improving the construction of teaching staff of ideological and political courses in private colleges and universities.