bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Famílias brasileiras na diáspora: fotografias
Authors: Weiss Denise Barros , Candian Maíra
Published: October 2021

Este artigo tem como objetivo apresentar uma fotografia a partir de dados de 28 famílias de brasileiros(as) expatriados(as) que possuem filhos. Com base em Cummins (1983) e Mendes (2015), apresentamos os conceitos de Língua de Herança e de Português como Língua de Herança, respectivamente. Através de um formulário elaborado na plataforma Google Forms, obtivemos informações pessoais e linguísticas a respeito da constituição e interação dos membros de famílias diaspóricas formadas por pelo menos um adulto brasileiro. Investigamos as línguas utilizadas por essas famílias para compreender se o Português como Língua de Herança está se estabelecendo nesses lares. Analisamos também quais os esforços empreendidos pelo pai ou mãe brasileiro(a) para que aconteça a aprendizagem do português pelos filhos que estão crescendo e/ou nascendo no exterior. Concluímos que em famílias compostas por ambos os pais de mesma nacionalidade as condições são mais favoráveis à manutenção e ao uso da Língua Materna dos pais e de Herança dos filhos.
“Português — Universidades”: o material didático de português para estrangeiros em contexto universitário brasileiro
Authors: Oliveira Dener Martins de
Published: October 2021

O ensino de Português para Falantes de Outras Línguas (PFOL) no Brasil tem se ampliado nas universidades, com o aumento no número de estudantes de mobilidade matriculados no país, graças a programas entre instituições brasileiras e estrangeiras. Com isso, cresce também a demanda na oferta de cursos de PFOL dentro das universidades e, consequentemente, de cursos e de elaboração de materiais que contemplem as necessidades de uso do português pelos estrangeiros no contexto universitário, de modo a promover sua integração à comunidade acadêmica. Com o intuito de atender a essa demanda, surge, então, uma proposta de elaboração de um Material Didático (MD) em contexto universitário, dentro do programa de Mestrado Profissional em Letras Estrangeiras Modernas (MEPLEM), da Universidade Estadual de Londrina (UEL). Partindo de um contexto de internacionalização do ensino superior, apresentaremos, neste artigo, o cenário do ensino de PFOL dentro das universidades brasileiras, bem como o papel da universidade na integração e na adaptação de alunos estrangeiros à vida acadêmica, de modo a justificar a elaboração do referido MD. Além disso, pretende-se apresentar e descrever o MD e suas Unidades Didáticas (UD), com a finalidade de elucidar os princípios teóricos que fundamentam suas atividades e ressaltar como elas atendem as necessidades de aprendizagem dessa comunidade.
Contribución para la autonomía en el aprendizaje del portugués como lengua de “acogimiento”: la historia de una mujer inmigrante venezolana
Authors: Garcia Rosana Iriani Daza  de
Published: October 2021

Este articulo tiene como objetivo resignificar la comprensión acerca de lengua de “acogimiento” al relatar mi experiencia como mujer inmigrante venezolana y aprendiz de la lengua portuguesa en Brasil, basándome en teóricos como Monte Mór, Cervetti, Pardales, Damico (2001), Pennycook (2007), entre otros. Dialogar sobre algunas estrategias aplicadas durante el proceso de mi adaptación en el nuevo país, en el cual, pude desarrollar autonomía y diversas capacidades para aprender una lengua adicional/extranjera como la portuguesa. Reflexionare sobre aspectos como cultura, identidad y algunas estrategias de estudio que pueden ser utilizados de forma autodidacta en la cotidianidad de un inmigrante para la construcción de sentidos. Como resultado, resalto que la construcción de sentido sin depender totalmente de instrucción formal puede ampliar pesquisas y formación ciudadana continuada acerca de lengua de “acogimiento”, a partir de la iniciativa de socialización y creatividad por parte del inmigrante en el país en que paso a residir.  De esa manera espero contribuir con esta relevante temática sobre los estudios lingüísticos aplicados en contextos migratorios (resignificando el concepto de lengua de “acogimiento”).
Práticas de leitura no ensino de Língua Portuguesa em Timor-Leste: um estudo exploratório
Authors: Camargo Renata Tironi de , Guimarães Joice Eloi
Published: October 2021

Este trabalho apresenta uma discussão sobre as práticas de leitura no ensino de língua portuguesa em Timor-Leste. Desde 2002, o português figura, juntamente com a língua tétum, como língua oficial e de instrução nesse país. A partir de então, professores e alunos timorenses lidam com dificuldades relacionadas ao ensino e à aprendizagem dessa língua nas escolas, as quais são advindas de fatores decorrentes da constituição sócio-histórica do país, dentre os quais destacamos embates político-linguísticos, recursos humanos e estruturais escassos e carência de formação específica em ensino de português língua não materna. A partir desse contexto, a proposta deste trabalho é identificar e compreender estratégias relacionadas à leitura em língua portuguesa que professores timorenses valoram positivamente nas salas de aula de Timor-Leste. Para tanto, aplicamos um questionário a docentes atuantes no ensino básico e analisamos os dados gerados com base na teoria do dialogismo de Bakhtin e seu Círculo. De forma geral, a análise realizada apontou que a valorização da prática da leitura em português nas salas de aula de Timor-Leste está imbricada na relação historicamente estabelecida no país entre a língua portuguesa e a palavra escrita. No campo metodológico, aquilo que os professores valoram positivamente recai ora sobre práticas tradicionalmente utilizadas no ensino da leitura, ora sobre práticas sensíveis ao contexto de ensino de português como língua não materna e que levam em conta o diálogo entre textos.
Adaptação de plano de ensino para apropriação do gênero “vídeo projeto” em aulas de língua inglesa no ensino superior
Authors: Lopes Rubens Fernando de Souza
Published: October 2021

Este artigo tem como objetivo principal demonstrar como um plano de ensino de língua inglesa foi adaptado para incluir o estudo do gênero discursivo “vídeo projeto”, presente em páginas virtuais de financiamento coletivo, percebido como uma necessidade a ser satisfeita por alunos de uma Faculdade de Tecnologia pública. Este é um recorte de uma Pesquisa Crítica de Colaboração que se fundamenta principalmente em Bakhtin (1952-1953/2016; 1953/1997), Newman e Holzman (1993/2002) e Vygotsky (1966/2007). Os resultados demonstram como o plano de ensino foi adaptado, observando tanto o conteúdo do material já adotado pela instituição de ensino quanto o estudo de um gênero discursivo, tendo como base o conceito de performance (dramatização).
Coleta e visualização de dados disponíveis em repositórios públicos referentes a produção científica de pesquisadores
Authors: Branco Arthur M. , Dorneles Carina F.
Published: October 2021

Dados que refletem a produção científica de pesquisadores têm valor inestimado para diversas aplicações. Há diversos repositórios que indexam os artigos e os disponibilizam para consultas, tais como DBLP, Research Gate e Google Scholar. Apesar dos dados estarem disponíveis nos diversos repositórios públicos, a coleta e persistência local desses dados pode ser de grande utilidade para certas aplicações.Este artigo apresenta uma proposta de coletor de dados de três repositórios públicos: DBLP, Research Gate e Google Scholar, e sua posterior persistência em um banco de dados relacional. Além disso, é apresentada também uma interface de visualização para os dados coletados.
CandiDATA: um dataset para análise das eleições no Brasil
Authors: Vasconcelos Felipe F. , Tavares João V. S. , Ribeiro Murilo U. , Coutinho Fabio J. , Clarindo João Paulo
Published: October 2021

O Tribunal Superior Eleitoral (TSE), responsável pelas eleições no Brasil, disponibiliza dados acerca de candidatos e partidos que disputaram o pleito eleitoral desde 1933. Esses dados constituem um importante acervo, sendo utilizados como base por trabalhos em diferentes áreas de pesquisa. Entretanto, os dados disponibilizados pelo TSE possuem diversos problemas relacionados à falta de padronização e inconsistência, dificultando a análise e a integração com bases externas. Este trabalho apresenta CandiDATA, um dataset padronizado com dados das eleições brasileiras. CandiDATA é disponibilizado em formato aberto e abrange o período eleitoral entre 1945 e 2020, incluindo informações adicionais, além dos dados do TSE.
Modelagem do número de novos casos confirmados por dia da COVID-19 no Brasil com uso de LSTM e predição linear
Authors: Assis Karhyne P. , Silva Camila M. , N. Filho Kenji , Suyama Ricardo , Takahata André K.
Published: October 2021

Analisamos o comportamento de modelos de predição de passo unitário para predição de número de novos casos de COVID-19 confirmados por dia. Utilizamos preditores com uso de rede neural de memória de longo e curto prazo (LSTM) em comparação com preditores lineares. Identificamos cenários em que a LSTM apresenta melhores resultados, mas que também há desafios para que a LSTM possa generalizar os seus resultados.
Compatibilidade entre a Qualidade do Ar Interno e a Percepção do Usuário
Authors: Silva Melyssa M. G. , Pereira Antônio E. , França Isabela F. , Cordeiro Bruna M. O. S. , Sene Junior Iwens. G. , Bulcão-Neto Renato F.
Published: October 2021

A poluição do ar tem aumentado progressivamente nosúltimos anos, tornando-se o risco ambiental mais significativo para a saúde humana. Por isso, deve haver uma avaliação da qualidade do ar interno (QAI) por meio de dados obtidos por sensores e da percepção dos frequentadores do ambiente monitorado. Este artigo descreve uma solução baseada em IoT para monitoramento de QAI e mostra como calculamos a compatibilidade entre a qualidade do ar detectada e percebida.
Effect of Ni/MoS2 Addition on Microstructure and Properties of Supersonic Plasma-Sprayed Ni-Based Composite Coatings
Authors: WANG Xinsheng , HE Wenbin , HOU Junjian , LIU Kun , YAN Xihao
Published: October 2021

Abnormal tool wear is a significant problem encountered in machining. MoS2 has the function of friction reduction; thus, to mitigate friction, two Ni-based coatings, Ni60 and Ni60 + 15 wt.% Ni/MoS2, were obtained on tungsten steel using supersonic plasma technology. The microstructure, phase structure, microhardness, fatigue properties, and friction and wear properties of the two coatings were characterized. The results show that the two plasma-sprayed Ni-based coatings have desirable structures. The addition of Ni-coated MoS2 can effectively improve the hardness of the coatings, with values reaching as high as 735 HV. The speed of rotation of the friction ball was set as 200 r/min, and the cutting force was 201.6 N. The fatigue performance as well as the friction and wear performance of the coating are simulated using ANSYS. The fatigue performance is improved by 12.6 % after adding 15 wt.% Ni/MoS2, and the friction system of the coating becomes stable after 25 min of contact. The addition of 15 wt.% Ni/MoS2 can effectively improve the performance of the tool material.
Papillary Neoplasm of Breast-Changing Trends in Diagnosis and Management
Authors: Pal Singh Rana Amrit , Kaur Rana Manjit
Published: October 2021

Papillary neoplasm of breast comprises of seven separate heterogeneous entities ranging from benign, atypical and malignancy including non-invasive and invasive carcinoma. Papillary carcinoma (PC) is seen more commonly in older postmenopausal women with favorable prognosis. PC breast typically presents with bloody nipple discharge and an abnormal mass with radiologic features of intraductal mass. Encapsulated PC and solid PC is to be treated as in situ carcinoma, but distinction of invasive PC from non invasive carcinoma is critical both at microscopic and molecular level. So, surgical excision should be the choice of definitive diagnostic technique in papillary neoplasm instead of core needle biopsy. Furthermore, treatment guidelines for invasive PC also have been framed, but incidence of recurrence and death attributable to various subtypes of carcinoma remained same. So, this is important topic to be addressed to understand the need for further management and outcome of the disease.
Radiation Doses and Risk Assessment during Computed Tomography of the Chest in COVID-19 Patients
Authors: Ivanovna Matkevich Elena , Vasilievich Ivanov Ivan
Published: October 2021

Accounting for the effective dose (ED, mSv) and calculating the radiation risk during CT is necessary to predict the long-term consequences of radiation exposure on the population. We analyzed the results of 1003 CT examinations of the chest in patients with suspected COVID-19 in the city diagnostic center. The average ED and confidence intervals (p ≤ 0.05) for patients with a single CT scan were: children (12–14 years) 2.59 ± 0.19 mSv, adolescents (15–19 years) 3.23 ± 0.17 mSv, adults (20–64 years), 3.43 ± 0.08 mSv, older persons (65 years and older) 3.28 ± 0.19 mSv. The maximum radiation risk values were 31.2*10–5 in women children and 29.3*10–5 in women adolescents, which exceeds the risk values for men in these age groups by 2.3 and 1.9 times, respectively. For the group of adult patients the risk was 11.2*10–5 in men and 17.4*10–5 in women, which is 1.6 times higher than in men. All these risk values are in the range of 10*10–5–100*10–5, which corresponds to the level LOW. For the group of older age patients, the radiation risk was 2.6*10–5, which corresponds to the level of 1*10–5–10*10–5, VERY LOW. Our materials shows in detail the technique to evaluate effective radiation doses for chest CT and calculate the radiation risk of the carcinogenic effects of this exposure.
Atrial Fibrillation during Septic Shock
Authors: Vélez-Gimón Manuel
Published: October 2021

Atrial Fibrillation (AF) is an early and common occurrence during septic shock, accounting for 25–30% of admissions. Conventional cardiovascular risk factors do not generally increase its incidence, especially in cases of new-onset AF. Inflammation during the sepsis process has been postulated as a possible trigger. Detrimental effects of AF result in prognosis worsening, even when the probability for a negative outcome has been adjusted for severity of illness. New-onset AF (NOAF) has been associated with greater mortality rate than preexisting chronic AF. Early cardioversion has not uniformly improved hospital outcomes. In this review, the incidence, prognosis and management of AF in septic shock patients are summarized.
Pneumothorax in Children
Authors: Sonay Yalçın Cömert Hatice
Published: October 2021

Pneumothorax is a common pleural disease worldwide and is defined as the free accumulation of air between visceral and parietal pleura. Pneumothorax can be spontaneous, iatrogenic, and traumatic. Although it is less common than adults, it is seen in about 1.1–4 per 100,000 per year in the childhood age group. In patients presenting with variable clinic according to the cause of etiology, diagnosis is confirmed on a PA chest radiograph, sometimes a computed tomography may be required. The management of pneumothorax is varying from conservative, over intermediate (chest tube drainage) to invasive methods (video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery—VATS, thoracotomy). Here, we planned to write a chapter that includes a text containing general information about pediatric pneumothorax, algorithms, and visual and clinical cases of the causes of pneumothorax in children, including age, etiology, and treatment approach of pneumothorax in children.
Virtual Assistants and Ethical Implications
Authors: Kaul Abhishek
Published: October 2021

Virtual assistants are becoming a part of our daily life, from our homes to our work. Sometime we may not even know that the customer service agent that we were speaking with is a virtual assistant. These assistants continuously collect information from our interactions and learn many things about us. The information they gather over time is enormous. This chapter introduces the concept of ethics, discusses the ethical principles of virtual assistants, (Transparency, Justice & fairness, Non-maleficence, Responsibly and Privacy). Although there is limited regulation governing these virtual assistants, practical guidelines and recommendations are provided for designers and developers to understand the ethical implications when building a virtual assistant. In this chapter, we also discuss technology and learning techniques for virtual assistants and present examples on how to ensure ethical virtual assistant.
Surgical Treatment of Velopharyngeal Insufficiency
Authors: Pham Nguyen , Rodoni Isabella
Published: October 2021

Velopharyngeal insufficiency (VPI) is a condition where the soft palate and posterior oropharynx fail to close adequately, leading to complications such as abnormal speech, nasal regurgitation and nasal emission. Although there exist many approaches to treating VPI depending on the shape and severity of the insufficiency, this chapter describes the three most frequently used and well-researched techniques: the Furlow Palatoplasty (double-opposing Z-palatoplasty), the creation and placement of a pharyngeal flap, and a sphincter pharyngoplasty. This chapter contains an introduction to VPI causes and treatment, a description of patient assessment methods, step-by-step instructions for the different operative procedures, and the recovery process.
Typological Analysis of Gated Communities Characteristics in Ibadan, Nigeria
Authors: Oladapo Makinde Olusola
Published: October 2021

Given the fact that the fear of crime is growing in Ibadan, and the number of gated communities or enclosed neighbourhoods is growing daily, need for an in-depth study of this phenomenon is essential to make available understanding into the architect’s thought procedures, design values and establish a typological dimension of the prevailing enclosed neighbourhood. The aim of the study is to examine the types and characteristics of gated communities in Ibadan, with a view to informing policy on neighbourhood design and gated community development. This study identifies and assesses the types and characteristics of gated communities in Ibadan; this was assessed using field survey through direct observation check and structured questionnaire methods. The result of the typological classification of gated communities through a variety of enclosure in Ibadan shows nine deferent types of gated communities, this include type A (Ornamental gating), type B (Walled subdivisions, type C (Faux-gated entries), type D (Barricaded streets), type E (partially gated roads), type F (Full gated roads), type G (Restricted entry, bounded area), type H (Restricted entry, guarded area), type I (Condominiums). The result of the defensive physical characteristics of the gated communities shows that Old Bodija Scheme has the strongest characteristics with an average index of 3.58 DPC while Agodi GRA appears weakest with an index of 2.63 DPC. The eight typologies, which were identified, gave understanding to the design philosophy of the architects by showing the elements which they manipulated in the design of gated communities. Finally, the paper examined the level of importance of defensive physical characteristics that include Territoriality, Surveillance, Milieu and Image in the development and design of gated communities.
Management of Nutrient-Rich Wastes and Wastewaters on Board of Ships
Authors: Vaneeckhaute Céline
Published: October 2021

Ship-generated nutrient-rich waste sources, including food waste and sewage water, contribute to eutrophication and deoxygenation of marine ecosystems. This chapter aims to discuss the characteristics of these waste and wastewater sources, review current ship-generated organic waste and wastewater regulations, inventory conventional management and treatment practices, and identify future perspectives for more sustainable nutrient-rich waste and wastewater management on board of ships. According to regulations, untreated food waste and sewage can generally be discharged into the open sea at more than 12 nautical miles from the nearest land, hence this is currently a common practice. However, special restrictions apply in special designated areas such as the Baltic Sea, where food waste must be comminuted/grounded and nutrients need to be removed from the sewage prior to discharge at 12 nautical miles from the nearest land. Current research looks at the valorisation of these waste and wastewater sources through anaerobic digestion, composting and/or nutrient recovery.
Strategies for the Practice of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery during COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Manuel Maza-Solano Juan , Jiménez-Luna Antonio , Parente-Arias Pablo , Carlos Amor-Dorado Juan , Calvo-Henriquez Christian , Plaza-Mayor Guillermo
Published: October 2021

The appearance of a new coronavirus disease called COVID-19 at the end of 2019 and its pandemic expansion in the world has changed the usual practice of medicine, and has had great impact in the field of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery (OHNS). The aim of this document is to review the available evidence and propose strategies and recommendations for the medical-surgical practice of OHNS, which allow establishing the usual activity, adapting the safety and efficacy standards to the current pandemic situation. Therefore, it is required to identify and classify patients according to criteria of infectious-immunological status, and to establish recommendations for protection in consultations, hospitalization and the operating room, which avoid the transmission of the disease to other users and healthcare personnel, in the specific context of the development of our specialty. This document is the result of the collaboration of all the scientific commissions of Spanish OHNS society and therefore might help other OHNS to develop their work during COVID-19 pandemic.
The Effects of Forearm Kinesio-Taping on Hand Grip Strength and Endurance in Female Squash Elites
Authors: Moezy Azar , Nejati Parisa , Ghasemzadegan Linda
Published: October 2021

Background: Hand grip plays a fundamental role in most daily and athletic activities of the upper extremities. Objectives: The study compared the effect of various methods of forearm Kinesio-taping (KT) on the hand grip strength and endurance of Iranian elite squash players during their sporting activities at different times. Methods: Thirty-three female squash players were assigned to a quasi-experimental study, and KT was applied on their dominant forearm (on the flexor area, on the extensor area, and placebo taping). Grip strength was evaluated before, immediately, 30, and 60 minutes after KT, and grip endurance was also assessed before and 60 minutes after KT using MIE digital grip analyzer. Friedman and Kruskal-Wallis tests were used to analyze the results of grip strength, and ANOVA and the sample t-test were applied to analyze the grip endurance data. Results: The findings revealed no significant differences within the grip strength at different phases (P > 0.05). However, p values for the outcomes of KT on the flexor area‎, KT on the extensor area‎, and placebo mode were respectively 0.145, 0.178, 0.065 in each phase of the evaluation. A significant difference ‎among KT groups and the LSD test revealed a significant increase in grip endurance in the mode of KT on the extensor area, whereas there have been no significant differences in grip endurance in KT on flexor (P = 0.785) and extensor (P = 0.457) areas. Conclusions: There was no obvious superiority of the various methods of forearm ‎ KT ‎ on grip strength at different times; nevertheless, KT was an efficient method for retaining grip endurance in squash players with no significant differences between the flexor and extensor locations.
Assessment on the Prognostic Validity of Dissected and Positive Lymph Node Counts and Lymph Node Ratio in Patients with Gastric Cancer: A Multi-central Cohort Study
Authors: Negahi Alireza , Akbari Mohammad Esmaeil , Motaghi Paniz , Akbari Atieh , Riazi Hooman , Akbari Mahnaz , Dabbagh Najmeh , Beheshti Jalil
Published: October 2021

Background: Adequate treatment for all resectable early gastric cancers (EGCs) is gastrectomy with regional lymphadenectomy. The number of positive resected lymph nodes during lymphadenectomy can be a reliable predictor of survival of GC. Objectives: We aimed at assessing the prognostic significance of dissected lymph node count (DLNC), positive LNC (PLNC), and lymph node ratio (LNR) in patients with EGC. Methods: In the current retrospective cohort, 201 patients with resectable EGC were included. Demographic variables, clinicopathological characteristics of tumors (including numbers of total dissected nodes and positive, negative nodes), history of receiving adjuvant cancer therapies, and 1- and 5-year survivals were noted. Results: DLNC, PLNC, and LNR were associated with differentiation and depth of tumor, lymph node status, and risk of death (P-value for all < 0.05). There was no correlation between either of these measures with preoperative symptoms, lymphovascular invasion, and recurrence. DLNC, PLNC, and LNR showed prognostic significance only in patients, who did not receive comprehensive therapy (P-value < 0.001 for all). A significantly higher LNR was seen in patients with more than 1-year survival compared to others (P-value = 0.011). A significantly lower DLNC and higher PLNC were seen in patients, who survived over 5 years (P-value of 0.002 and 0.047, respectively). Conclusions: LNR, DLNC, and PLNC are significant prognostic factors for EGC. According to our findings, choosing the optimal approach, through which fewer negative lymph nodes are dissected, is crucial in increasing overall survival and extended lymphadenectomy cannot necessarily benefit patients.
Rhazes’ Contributions to Alchemy and Pharmacy
Authors: Affi Ensiye , Soleymani Samaneh , Zargaran Arman
Published: October 2021

Context: Persia has been the cradle of science across human history. Many of today’s concepts in science, such as the finite speed of light and alcohol distillation, were first proposed by Persian scientists. Mohammad ibn Zakariya Razi (Rhazes) is undoubtedly one of the greatest Persian scientists over human history. Evidence Acquisition: In this paper, in addition to a brief review of the history of pharmacy and chemistry sciences in Persia, Rhazes’ valuable books in the fields of pharmacy and chemistry, along with a brief description of them, were introduced. Data were extracted from different historical and bibliography books and also the citation databases of PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar. Results: Rhazes’ books and treatises in the fields of pharmacy and chemistry have been classified into three categories: (1) the books and treatises containing some sections on pharmacy like Al-Hawi fi al-Tibb (Liber Continens) and Al-Mansouri fi al-Tibb, (2) those written merely on pharmacy, like Qarabadin (pharmacopeia), and (3) the books focusing on alchemy (kimia), like Sirr al-Asrar (Secret of secrets) and Al Asrar (Liber Secretorum). Three volumes of Al Hawi fi al-Tibb were applied as a reference in pharmacology in Western universities for many years. Sirr al-Asrar is his most important book on alchemy, describing raw materials used in alchemy, experimental apparatus necessary for alchemical investigations, and detailed procedures for the chemical manipulation of arsenic and sulfur. Conclusions: These valuable manuscripts demonstrate the ancient heritage of Persians and the great roles and contributions of Persian scientists in the history of science.
Liberdade e Direitos Humanos no Pensamento de Richard Price
Authors: Gomes André José ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: October 2021

This paper is concerned with the political philosophy of Richard Price, analysing the way this author has developed the concept of liberty and the problem of human rights. The theme of liberty will be interpreted in a double perspective: a) in a private dimension, that sets liberty in the inner side of the individual; b) in a public dimension, that places it in the domain of a manifest action of the individual. We will try to show how this double outlook of liberty is conceived under the optics of a necessary complementarity, since liberty, which is primarily understood as a feature of the subject taken as an individual, acquires only a full meaning when she becomes efective in a comunitary field, as a social and political expression. The concept of human rights will appear located in this analysis, being defined simultaneously as condition and expression of the human dignity and happiness, at the same time natural attributes of an individual that should be cultivated and public effectiveness that contributes to the development of society.
Bases da Filosofia Política de Aristoteles
Authors: Figueiredo Maria José ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: October 2021

Aristotle’s practical philosophy should be seen as an organic whole, in which ethics and politics are intimately connected, in a relation of mutual dependency. This happens for several reasons, of which I shall mention two: first, because man is a political animal by nature, since it is inside a community that conflicts are created that lead to questions about right and wrong; second, because it is inside a community that these conflicts are solved, and character formation takes place, through the legal imposition of a certain conduct. These are the two topics discussed on this essay.
O Desejo e a Experiência do Uno em Plotino
Authors: Borges Paulo A. E. ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: October 2021

The aim of this paper is to show the connection between the desire and the experience of the One, in Plotinus. Our main conclusion is that, in spite of the language of the solitary evasion towards the One and Only, we can indeed find in Plotinus works the search and the living experience of the most universal and intimate principle and origin of all and every being, which appears everywhere. This is not a separated transcendent but the transcend of all existential, vital and intellectual duality in an experience of eternal union. Beyond all thought and expression, there’s the source of all philosophical truth, meaning and eloquence.
Indivíduo e Realidade
Authors: Mendes João Paulo de Oliveira Cruz ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: October 2021

This article is about the influence of Georg Simmel on Siegfried Kracauer’s thought and analysis method, and also on the difference between the two. Kracauer was Simmel’s pupil at Berlin in 1907, and exposed his thought and method in an essay (Georg Simmel) published for the first time in 1963, forty-two years after being written, in a collection of papers intituled Das Ornament der Masse. Starting from a heuristic principle - which could be put like this: all expressions of spiritual/intellectual life are interrelated in countless ways; no single one can be extricated from this web of relations, since each is enmeshed in the web with all other such expressions - , Kracauer distinguished, in Simmel’s method, two different ways of linking the different phenomena: discovering its essential congruence [Wesenszusammengehörigkeit] or by analogy [Analogie]. The first method shows how disparate phenomena could have the same source. The second tries to demonstrate similitudes between phenomena, and it is, in a certain degree, an abstract construction. This double approach of reality synchronizes Kracauer’s worries on the culture fragmentation and his attempt to overcome it. This is most clear when he criticizes Simmel, in a forward step, of being in default of metaphor [Gleichnis]. Metaphor is, in Kracauer’s point of view, not only a relation between objects, like Simmel tries, but a relation between subject and object, and the representation by a particular image of individual things as much as of the entire world. Metaphor carries in it itself the philosophical intuition that is lacking in Simmel’s oeuvre.
A Cultura sob o Ponto de Vista da Filosofia
Authors: de Abreu Luís Machado ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: October 2021

La dimension culturelle de l’humain ne s’épuise jamais dans les étud es culturelles. Elle demande une réflexion radicale sur le phénomène culturel total dont la tâche appartient à la philosophie de la culture. L’oeuvre de Manuel Antunes (1918-1985) esquisse une approche stimulante et réussie de cette discipline nettement inscrite sous l’horizon de l’ontologie.
Reacciones psicológicas durante la primera semana de aislamiento por COVID-19 en México
Authors: Quezada Berumen Lucía del Carmen , González Ramírez Mónica Teresa
Published: October 2021

La cuarentena o el aislamiento social deficiente, pueden tener implicaciones negativas para la salud física y emocional de las personas. Por lo anterior, conocer las reacciones psicológicas y emocionales producto del aislamiento voluntario en función del motivo y número de salidas de casa, la rutina y la realización de actividades placenteras durante el aislamiento voluntario en casa por COVID-19 en población general de México resulta de gran importancia. Las personas que realizaron sólo salidas necesarias presentaron mejores puntajes en las diferentes variables evaluadas. Se encontró diferencia significativa en la mayoría de las variables, a favor de quienes reportaron haber realizado actividades placenteras en la última semana, que hace mucho tiempo que no hacían. Se sugiere la elaboración de intervenciones y la promoción de actividades placenteras en la población para sobrellevar el malestar psicológico generado por el aislamiento.
Estudio longitudinal de la percepción de soledad durante el confinamiento derivado de la Covid-19 en una muestra de población española
Authors: Ausín Berta , González-Sanguino Clara , Castellanos Miguel Ángel , Muñoz Manuel
Published: October 2021

El objetivo del estudio es analizar longitudinalmente los efectos del confinamiento derivados de la Covid-19 en la soledad de la población general española. Se evaluó mediante una encuesta online en tres momentos: dos semanas después del inicio del confinamiento (N = 3480), un mes después (N = 1041) y dos meses después con la vuelta al a nueva normalidad (N = 569). Se tomaron medidas de variables sociodemográficas, soledad, apoyo social, sintomatología depresiva y ansiosa. Para analizar el efecto de las medidas longitudinales se calculó un modelo lineal mixto (GLMM) para la variable soledad, con comparaciones posthoc mediante medias marginales estimadas con la corrección de Tuckey. La tendencia en las puntuaciones de soledad es descendente a lo largo del estudio longitudinal, disminuyendo las puntuaciones en la tercera evaluación de forma significativa (Z(T1-T2) = 0.13, p = 0.045). Los principales predictores para la soledad son la sintomatología depresiva y el apoyo social. Es necesario prestar una mayor atención a la soledad en la situación derivada por la pandemia, además de presentar atención a la sintomatología depresiva asociada y a las medidas de fortalecimiento de las redes de apoyo social.
El Conflicto entre la Necesidad física y psíquica del contacto humano y el Miedo a las personas
Authors: Rodríguez-Zafra Mónica , Martín-Sánchez Antonia , Ceniceros-Estévez Juan Carlos
Published: October 2021

Uno de los efectos psicológicos de las medidas que se han tomado para hacer frente a la expansión del virus SARS-CoV-2 a los que, por el momento se ha prestado menos atención, es el miedo a las relaciones interpersonales. Por ello, se hace acuciante la necesidad de adaptación a la convivencia con la covid-19 y las medidas que se han tomado al respecto, respondiendo también a las necesidades de relación y cercanía emocional entre las personas. Aunque se ha puesto de manifiesto la necesidad de la distancia entre las personas, no se han dado indicaciones sobre cómo se pueden seguir manteniendo las relaciones más cercanas con seguridad y protección. Esta falta de información ha devenido en un gran miedo a la cercanía personal y puede llegar a producir, especialmente en personas vulnerables, un devastador “miedo a los demás” e incluso “miedo a uno mismo”, por sentir que se puede llegar a ser la fuente de enfermedad y muerte para los seres cercanos. Los objetivos intentan responder a estas necesidades, describiendo, algunos de los conflictos intrapersonales derivados de la situación actual y, proponiendo una serie de medidas tanto desde el ámbito social como psicoterapéutico para ayudar a las personas que lo necesiten.
Perfil de Usuarios de Una Clínica Universitaria Durante El Estado de Alarma Sanitaria COVID 19
Authors: Sierra-García Purificación , Saúl Luis Ángel , Carrasco Miguel Ángel , González-Brignardello Marcela Paz
Published: October 2021

El presente estudio pretende analizar el perfil de los usuarios atendidos por el dispositivo especial de atención psicológica en línea habilitado por el Servicio de Psicología Aplicada (SPA) durante el primer período de alerta sanitaria COVID-19. La muestra, compuesta por 124 participantes (70.4% mujeres) con una edad promedio de 41.49 años cumplimentó las versiones abreviadas del Listado de síntomas SA-45, la medida de resultados clínicos CORE-OM, el Inventario de afrontamiento COPE-28 y la Escala de resiliencia de Connor-Davidson. Los resultados mostraron un perfil sociodemográfico formado mayoritariamente por mujeres estudiantes o del sector servicios, solteras y de nacionalidad española, con problemas previos de salud mental. Congruentemente con los motivos de consulta, mostraron predominantemente sintomatología de depresión, ansiedad y somatización, un deficiente uso de estrategias de afrontamiento y bajos niveles de resilencia. De las variables mencionadas puede extraerse un posible perfil de riesgo en población clínica que perfila un grupo vulnerable sobre el que se precisan medidas de prevención e intervención psicológicas.
Uma ponte entre valores: políticas municipais de patrimônio, pluralidade de significados e alternativas ao Antropoceno no Sul de Minas Gerais
Authors: Lowande Walter Francisco Figueiredo , Corrêa Jaíne Diniz
Published: October 2021

O artigo aborda o processo de tombamento da Ponte das Amoras, que liga os municípios de Alfenas e Campos Gerais por sobre o trecho alagado do rio Sapucaí pela Usina Hidrelétrica de Furnas. Para tanto, a argumentação se apoia em algumas questões teóricas relacionadas às políticas de patrimônio em tempos de emergência climática e à pluralidade de significados e valores que perpassam essas políticas. Também se discutem os conflitos que emergiram em torno da implantação da Represa de Furnas na região e as características específicas das políticas de patrimônio no estado de Minas Gerais. Por fim, avalia-se a implementação dessas políticas considerando a pluralidade de significados e valores atrelados à Ponte das Amoras, por meio de entrevistas realizadas com os gestores envolvidos no processo de tombamento e de uma enquete realizada com moradores de Alfenas e região, propondo, a partir disso, alternativas a essas políticas que considerem a necessidade de produção de futuros mais justos e que possam fazer frente ao atual desequilíbrio biogeofísico e climático que caracteriza a época do Antropoceno.
O patrimônio mundial em território brasileiro: vulnerabilidades à conservação em um cenário de mudanças climáticas
Authors: Zanirato Sílvia Helena
Published: October 2021

O patrimônio mundial cultural e natural localizado no território brasileiro compreende monumentos históricos e artísticos de construção secular e sítios naturais dotados de abundante biodiversidade. Apesar da reconhecida riqueza desse legado sua sobrevivência está em risco, em especial pela exposição aos fenômenos decorrentes da variabilidade climática, já percebidos em eventos extremos que atingiram o país no início deste século. Nesse cenário é fundamental compreender a exposição desse patrimônio aos efeitos das mudanças climáticas, uma condição para se pensar em medidas preventivas e adaptativas para conter as vulnerabilidades percebidas.
Urbanismo regenerativo e patrimônio: caminhos para uma abordagem da resiliência urbana sensível ao lugar
Authors: Paes Carina Folena Cardoso
Published: October 2021

Compreendido como um processo de intervenção urbana direcionado à recomposição da biosfera, o urbanismo regenerativo é um dos temas mais proeminentes para o alcance da resiliência em meios urbanos na atualidade. A pesquisa que deu origem a este artigo teve por intuito avançar na conceituação e entendimento holístico do urbanismo regenerativo através da elaboração de uma revisão sistemática. Como resultado preliminar se observou que esse novo paradigma de intervenção se relaciona tanto com o alcance da sustentabilidade urbana, como também com a realização de uma leitura e consideração sensível da cidade preexistente. Tendo em vista esse cenário, este artigo busca fundamentos para a construção de um processo reflexivo na tomada de decisão em ações de renovação urbana com objetivos de resiliência aos impactos promovidos pelas mudanças climáticas. O que se entende por esse processo reflexivo é avançar na discussão sobre a exata medida do que é possível desenvolver, em termos de desempenho ecológico, em áreas preexistentes, nas quais a identidade do lugar deva ser respeitada. Para tanto, é realizada uma ampla revisão teórica de modo a tanto problematizar o urbanismo regenerativo em relação à preexistência e à paisagem, como também construir um caminho propositivo para os dilemas impressos nessa relação. Uma síntese de boas práticas e procedimentos é sistematizada a partir de uma revisão conceitual e de fundamentos advindos da literatura que trabalha o urbanismo regenerativo em relação à preexistência e ao respeito aos aspectos genuínos do lugar.
Resenha do livro “História ambiental: configurações do humano e tessituras teórico-metodológicas”
Authors: Genari Elton Rigotto
Published: October 2021

Resenha da obra:
KMITTA, Ilsyane do Rocio; ARAKAKI, Suzana; ZIMMERMANN, Tânia Regina (orgs.). História ambiental: configurações do humano e tessituras teórico-metodológicas. Vitória: Editora Milfontes, 2020. 218 p
Creative Strategies Implemented During the Coronavirus Pandemic That Will Impact the Future of Cancer Care
Authors: Sugalski Jessica , Franco Theresa , Shulman Lawrence N. , Cinar Pelin , Bachman James , Crews Jennie R. , Olsen MiKaela , Schatz Alyssa , Kubal Timothy
Published: October 2021

The coronavirus pandemic has significantly impacted operations at leading cancer centers across the United States. In the midst of the chaos, at least one silver lining has emerged: the development of new, creative strategies for delivering cancer care that are likely to continue post pandemic. The NCCN Best Practices Committee, which is composed of senior physician, nursing, and administrative leaders at NCCN Member Institutions, conducted a webinar series in June 2020 highlighting the most promising and effective strategies to date. Experts from NCCN Member Institutions participated in the series to share their experiences, knowledge, and thoughts about the future of cancer care.
Problemes de la periodització en història de la llengua
Authors: Montoya Abat Brauli
Published: October 2021

El treball analitza l’adequació de les perioditzacions de la història de la llengua catalana amb l’objectiu proposar-ne una que siga compatible amb el caràcter social de què actualment pretenen revestir-se la majoria de les històries de la llengua. Així, es considera fora de lloc el tractament d’algun període previ a l’existència de la llengua catalana, com la de la romanització, i es rebutja alguna etiqueta que és una tradició inventada, com la de la reconquista. La proposta d’una periodització es resumeix en quatre etapes basades en factors sociolingüístics: sorgiment, consciència, plenitud i conflicte lingüístic.
Mar Massanell i Messalles, «“No m’à romasa sinó la honestat”. Rere la petja d’una innovació lingüística en el pas del català antic al modern», Barcelona, Publicacions de l’Abadia de Montserrat, 2020, 450 p.
Authors: Ramos Joan-Rafael
Published: October 2021

Ressenya sobre el llibre de Mar Massanell i Messalles, «No m’à romasa sinó la honestat». Rere la petja d’una innovació lingüística en el pas del català antic al modern, Barcelona, Publicacions de l’Abadia de Montserrat, 2020, 450 p., ISBN: 978-84-9191-117-3.
Motivation for Physical Activity in Adults With Multiple Sclerosis: A Self-determination Theory-Based Approach
Authors: McCarty Narissa , Sayer Samantha , Kasser Susan L.
Published: October 2021

BACKGROUND:

Despite the benefits of regular physical activity (PA), most adults with multiple sclerosis (MS) are insufficiently active. Identifying the motivational correlates of PA is necessary to facilitate health behavior change. The extent to which the constructs of psychological need satisfaction and motivational regulations associate with self-determined PA in adults with the disease was examined.

METHODS:

Individuals with MS were provided a link to a web-based survey. There were 290 respondents: 242 women and 48 men aged 22 to 71 (mean ± SD, 49.50 ± 12.05) years with primarily mild to moderate mobility impairment who completed the Psychological Need Satisfaction in Exercise scale, the Behavioral Regulation in Exercise Questionnaire, and the International Physical Activity Questionnaire.

RESULTS:

Path analysis revealed that PA was best predicted by integrated regulation, competence, and mobility, explaining 28% of the variance in PA behavior. All 3 need satisfaction variables (relatedness, competence, and autonomy) and mobility impairment accounted for 43% of the variance in integrated regulation.

CONCLUSIONS:

Increasing satisfaction of the need for relatedness, competence, and autonomy can lead to more integrated and internally motivated PA engagement in adults with MS.
THE IMPACT OF LIGHT PENETRATION INTO CANOPY AND SEASONALITY ON PHOTOSYNTHETIC INDICES IN APPLE TREE LEAVES
Authors: SAMUOLIENĖ Giedrė , LAUŽIKĖ Kristina , USELIS Nobertas
Published: October 2021

The aim of this study was to analyse the impact of light penetration into canopy and the effect of distances between technological tools and seasonality on photosynthetic behaviour. Apple tree cultivar ‘Auksis’ was grafted onto superdwarfing rootstock P22 and planted at different distances (from 0,25 m to 1 m in rows, while space between rows was 3 m). Photochemical reflectance and plant senescence reflectance indices were measured at two heights: 1.0 – 1.2 m above ground and 1.8 – 2.0 m above ground; specific leaf area, fresh and dry weight were evaluated from all the canopy. Strong positive correlations were determined between photochemical reflectance index and plant senescence reflectance index in higher and lower levels of the canopy. Strong negative correlations were determined between photochemical reflectance index and plant senescence reflectance index and between specific leaf area and dry and fresh mass ratio. Increasing density between apple trees from 1 m to 0.5 m led to increase in photochemical reflectance index and specific leaf area, but plant senescence reflectance index decreased. Meanwhile, seasonality had significant impact on specific leaf area formation and dry to fresh weight ratio. Dry and fresh weight ratio increased by 5% in autumn compared to summer. Our results indicated that with decreased light penetration into canopy photochemical reflectance index decreased, but plant senescence reflectance index increased. Moreover, in autumn, trees prepare for winter by storing more nutrients and leaves accumulate more dry mass.