bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sistem pengendali alat pembuatan garam dengan menggunalan metode fuzzy
Authors: Fitri  , Nurcahyo Sidik , Ayu Permatasari Dinda , Wiradana Arik
Published: December 2024

Garam merupakan komponen krusial dalam kehidupan sehari-hari manusia. Biasanya, produksi garam masih mengandalkan teknik konvensional yang memerlukan banyak waktu dan tenaga manual. Selain itu, variabel cuaca dan musiman dapat mempengaruhi produktivitas dan efektivitas produksi garam. Untuk meningkatkan efisiensi produksi garam dan memastikan produksi garam berkualitas tinggi dalam jangka waktu yang lebih singkat, perlu digunakan alat pembuat garam yang menggunakan pelat pemanas untuk memanaskan air laut. Teknologi ini menggunakan metode logika fuzzy untuk mengontrol suhu secara akurat dan dinamis. Penerapan metode logika fuzzy memungkinkan pengolahan data yang tidak pasti dengan memanfaatkan himpunan fuzzy, sehingga meningkatkan efisiensi instrumen penghasil garam. Temuan penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pembuat garam ini memiliki banyak keunggulan, termasuk pengurangan biaya tenaga kerja, peningkatan efisiensi, dan kemampuan memproduksi garam berkualitas tinggi dalam jangka waktu 7 jam. Hal ini dicapai melalui fungsi optimal sensor, metode fuzzy, dan pemanas, yang memberikan manfaat besar bagi pembuat garam.
Kunci Pintu Otomatis Menggunakan ESP32 CAM
Authors: Dwi Risdhayanti Anindya , Ari Murtono  , Tri Wahono Wahyu , Ghaly Muhammad Asyraful Jauhar Al Ghaly
Published: December 2024

Perkembangan teknologi otomasi pada era globalisasi saat ini merupakan sebuah tonggak penting yang mengubah tata cara hidup manusia secara fundamental. Dalam suasana inovasi yang terus berkembang, kita harus mengakui bahwa dampak positif dari otomasi seringkali diiringi oleh tantangan keamanan yang serius. Oleh karena itu, dibuatlah alat yang dirancang menjadi manifestasi dari kebutuhan akan solusi keamanan yang cerdas dan inovatif yaitu kunci pintu otomatis menggunakan ESP32 CAM. Dimana dalam penelitian ini, ESP32 CAM digunakan sebagai alat pengenal wajah. Selain dari mendeteksi wajah secara langsung dari pengguna, sistem juga dapat membaca fitur wajah dari foto. Namun dalam sistem ini terdapat juga keypad yang digunakan sebagai fitur keamanan kedua. Selain itu, hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa sistem dapat bekerja dengan baik untuk mendeteksi wajah dengan waktu deteksi wajah rata-rata adalah 1,912 detik. Lalu dari hasil pengujian didapatkan bahwa baterai dapat menjaga agar sistem tetap aktif selama kurang lebih 9 jam 37 menit.
Data-Driven Predictions of Fish Production: Applying Regression Methods in Aquaculture
Authors: Rahmadani Alfiandi Aulia Rahmadani , Yan Watequlis Syaifudin  , Triana Fatmawati  , Pramana Yoga Saputra  , Rokhimatul Wakhidah
Published: December 2024

In the context of the industrial revolution 4.0, the fisheries sector is experiencing significant technological advancements, enhancing the effectiveness and efficiency of aquaculture in Indonesia, which plays a crucial role in food security. Aquaculture, defined in various ways, includes the cultivation of fish in diverse environments such as fields, rice paddies, and marine settings, and is seen as a key driver of economic growth by the Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries (KKP), particularly through new initiatives that focus on export-based fisheries cultivation and the development of fisheries villages rooted in local wisdom. With untapped potential in aquaculture land that can generate substantial profit margins and support industrial development, it remains a sector that can benefit all levels of society. However, sustainable practices must be prioritized due to declining fish populations caused by overfishing, necessitating restocking efforts driven by accurate demand forecasting and careful consideration of market fluctuations affecting selling prices. This study introduces a predictive system aimed at improving harvest partners' profitability by employing various regression methods, including multiple linear regression, support vector regression, polynomial regression, and random forest regression, to analyze data from aquaculture activities that include key factors such as seeding information, feeding monitoring, mortality rates, and average fish weight. The process involves meticulous data preparation, visualization, and establishment of a training dataset, followed by rigorous validation and precision testing of predictive models using metrics such as mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) and root mean square error (RMSE), ultimately providing a robust framework for improving decision-making in fisheries cultivation.
Reconciliation in Workplace Bullying Contexts
Authors: Nilsson Mikael
Published: December 2024

The purpose of this article is to discuss reconciliation in workplace bullying contexts. Bullying is a complex and subtle phenomenon that appears in multilayered workplace contexts, which makes reconciliation a controversial issue. What might reconciliation mean in escalated and deeply harmful bullying processes in ordinary workplaces? By discussing this question, I also address the urgent ethical question of justice and the distribution of responsibilities in reconciliatory processes.
Drawing from previous research on bullying interventions, primarily focusing on the views of interventions by HR professionals, I trace underlying assumptions about reconciliation and the human beings involved. These tend to be derived from endeavors for financial gain and virtues like efficiency and predictability.
As an alternative frame to an individualist approach that seem to be silently operative in the intervention discourse, I seek to explore the ontological imagery of the social body. From there, I elaborate on potential implications of what reconciliation could mean in a workplace bullying context. Resisting the efficiency and predictability of fixed procedures, I suggest organic, social restorative processes of renarration, responsibility, and grace, from within which reconciliation may appear as one among other potential outcomes.
Sustainable nanomaterials: the role of Cyrene in optimising carbon nanotubes dispersion and filtration efficiency
Authors: Milescu Roxana A. , McElroy C. Rob , Taylor Edward J. , Eaton Peter , Williams Paul M. , Phillips Richard , Farmer Thomas J. , Clark James H.
Published: December 2024

This study focuses on the fabrication and characterisation of single-walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT) buckypapers and polyethersulfone (PES) flat-sheet membranes using Cyrene, aiming toevaluate its efficacy as a green solvent for these applications. Pristine SWCNTs were dispersed inCyrene without surfactants and compared to N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) dispersions. Buckypapers were fabricated from these dispersions and characterised using Scanning ElectronMicroscopy (SEM), Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM), and infrared spectroscopy. Their performancewas tested in wastewater and oil-water emulsion filtrations and antimicrobial activity. PESmembranes incorporating SWCNTs were prepared using phase inversion and analysed via SEM,optical microscopy, and contact angle. Membrane properties and water permeability were assessed,and bacterial challenge tests evaluated antimicrobial activity. Cyrene enabled the dispersion ofSWCNTs at higher concentrations (0.038 mg mL⁻1) compared to NMP (0.013 mg mL⁻1). Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) analysis revealed that Cyrene effectively debundles SWCNTs, yielding better dispersion. Buckypapers fabricated with Cyrene demonstrated dense, uniform networks with enhanced surface smoothness and promising filtration performance for wastewater treatment and oil-water separation. PES membranes made with Cyrene exhibited well-organised finger-like structures, interconnected pores, superior porosity, and higher water permeability than NMP-based membranes. Incorporating SWCNTs further improved membrane performance. However, bacterial challenge tests indicated no significant antimicrobial activity. The findings highlight Cyrene’s potential as a sustainable alternative to traditional solvents, offering improved material properties and filtration performance. Despite these advantages, further studies are necessary to address solvent residuals and long-term safety considerations, ensuring its suitability for broader applications.
Analyzing the non-linear relationship between fasting blood glucose levels and Gensini score in patients with STEMI
Authors: Li Han , Lin Quanzhi , Jiang Zhiyuan , Zhong Guoqiang
Published: December 2024

Background

Acute myocardial infarction (AMI), particularly ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), significantly impacts global health, exacerbated by risk factors such as diabetes mellitus (DM). While the Gensini score effectively quantifies coronary artery lesions, its correlation with fasting blood glucose (FBG) levels, particularly in a non-linear fashion, has not been thoroughly explored in STEMI patients.

Methods

This study analyzed data from 464 STEMI patients treated with percutaneous coronary intervention at the First People's Hospital of Taizhou City, Zhejiang Province, China, from January 2010 to October 2014. We stratified patients into three FBG tertiles and utilized multiple statistical analyses, including least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression and curve fitting, to examine the potential U-shaped relationship between FBG levels and Gensini scores.

Results

Our analysis revealed significant differences in Gensini scores across FBG tertiles, with both hypoglycemic and hyperglycemic extremes showing higher scores compared to the normoglycemic range. The curve fitting analysis confirmed a U-shaped relationship, suggesting a significant, non-linear association between FBG levels and coronary artery lesion severity, regardless of diabetes status.

Conclusions

Our findings underscore the complexity of glycemic control in STEMI management and suggest that both hypo- and hyperglycemia are significant risk factors for severe coronary lesions as quantified by the Gensini score. This study highlights the importance of comprehensive FBG monitoring and management to improve outcomes for STEMI patients.
Application of Mendelian randomization in thyroid diseases: a review
Authors: Li Zhonghui , Wang Ruohan , Liu Lili , Jia Zonghang , Zhou Peng , He Qingqing
Published: December 2024

Thyroid diseases are increasingly prevalent, posing significant challenges to patients’ quality of life and placing substantial financial burdens on families and society. Despite these impacts, the underlying pathophysiology of many thyroid conditions remains poorly understood, complicating efforts in treatment, management, and prevention. Observational studies can identify associations between exposure variables and disease; however, they often struggle to account for confounding factors and reverse causation. Understanding disease occurrence, epidemiological trends, and clinical diagnosis, prevention, and treatment relies heavily on robust etiological research. Mendelian randomization, a method grounded in genetics and epidemiology, has been widely employed in studying the etiology of thyroid diseases, offering a solution to some of these challenges. This paper categorizes thyroid diseases into thyroid dysfunction and thyroid cancer, reviewing related Mendelian randomization studies. It further provides novel perspectives and approaches for investigating the mechanisms underlying thyroid diseases and designing intervention strategies.
First downhole sampling of a natural hydrogen reservoir in Colombia
Authors: Patiño Cesar , Strąpoć Dariusz , Torres Oscar , Mullins Oliver , Bustos Ulises , Bermudez Oscar , López Albeiro , Trujillo Maria , Morales Hans
Published: December 2024

In Colombia, natural hydrogen (H2) was recently declared a source of unconventional renewable energy. An opportunity has been recognized to take advantage of information on the infrastructure of oil fields as a springboard for H2 exploration in the country’s sedimentary basins. Establishing similarities and identifying components of the possible H2 systems in the different geological contexts where the presence of H2 has been proven in Colombia’s sedimentary basins allows the establishment of the probability of H2 in the Ecopetrol oil and gas fields in Colombia. The components of H2 systems include potential H2 source rocks and reservoirs. Potential accumulations need to be confirmed through measurements, sampling, and well testing. The main types of H2 well exploration carried out in this study resemble those in oil fields and include surface surveys, logging while drilling (mud gas and petrophysics), and downhole sampling. In the case of a hydrocarbon field in the Llanos Basin, a detailed seismic and geological review, supported by surface survey indications of H2 traces, prompted further investigation while drilling wells in the basin to establish the provenance and distribution of H2. Based on the proposed workflows, we evaluated possible strategies in the area. Given the positive evaluation of the possible elements of a theoretical H2 strategy, a sampling plan was defined both in the well and on the surface that will reduce the uncertainty of the prospect of natural H2 in the studied basin but may also be applied to similar geological settings worldwide. This study shows the application of such an H2 exploration strategy, leading to the presented results from the first well and confirming the presence of an active natural H2 system in the Llanos Basin.
Bi-objective collaborative optimization of a photovoltaic-energy storage EV charging station with consideration of storage capacity impacts
Authors: Guo Wei , Sun Shengbo , Nan Kai , Tao Peng , Wu Kaibin , Wang Zhiqiang , Wang Huimin , Yue Mengmeng , Bai Xinlei , Ding Jianyong
Published: December 2024

The rapid growth of renewable energy and electric vehicles (EVs) presents new development opportunities for power systems and energy storage devices. This paper presents a novel integrated Green Building Energy System (GBES) by integrating photovoltaic-energy storage electric vehicle charging station (PV-ES EVCS) and adjacent buildings into a unified system. In this system, the building load is treated as an uncontrollable load and primarily utilized to facilitate the consumption of surplus photovoltaic (PV) power generated by EVCS. First, a strategy for determining the maximum value of the energy storage system (ESS) capacity is presented. Subsequently, to coordinate the charging and discharging plans of ESS, and EVs, a bi-objective optimization model was established focusing on GBES power purchase costs and the load peak-valley difference. The proposed GBES efficiently utilizes the integrated energy system comprising charging stations and adjacent buildings, maximizing the use of photovoltaic energy and external power grids during low-cost periods. In experiments, we compare the proposed optimized charging strategy with the unordered charging case, the simulation results demonstrate that the proposed method for coordinating ESS and EVs charging can respectively reduce the cost of purchased power by 33.2% and the peak-to-valley difference in load by 47.6%.
CAR T-cell therapy for systemic lupus erythematosus: current status and future perspectives
Authors: Zhou Jincai , Lei Bixia , Shi Feifei , Luo Xinran , Wu Kai , Xu Yanhong , Zhang Yuting , Liu Rongjiao , Wang Huajing , Zhou Joy , He Xiaowen
Published: December 2024

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and lupus nephritis (LN) are debilitating autoimmune disorders characterized by pathological autoantibodies production and immune dysfunction, causing chronic inflammation and multi-organ damage. Despite current treatments with antimalarial drugs, glucocorticoids, immunosuppressants, and monoclonal antibodies, a definitive cure remains elusive, highlighting an urgent need for novel therapeutic strategies. Recent studies indicate that chimeric antigen receptor T-cell (CAR-T) therapy has shown promising results in treating B-cell malignancies and may offer a significant breakthrough for non-malignant conditions like SLE. In this paper, we aim to provide an in-depth analysis of the advancements in CAR-T therapy for SLE, focusing on its potential to revolutionize treatment for this complex disease. We explore the fundamental mechanisms of CAR-T cell action, the rationale for its application in SLE, and the immunological underpinnings of the disease. We also summarize clinical data on the safety and efficacy of anti-CD19 and anti-B cell maturation antigen (BCMA) CAR-T cells in targeting B-cells in SLE. We discuss the clinical implications of these findings and the potential for CAR-T therapy to improve outcomes in severe or refractory SLE cases. The integration of CAR-T therapy into the SLE treatment paradigm presents a new horizon in autoimmunity research and clinical practice. This review underscores the need for continued exploration and optimization of CAR-T strategies to address the unmet needs of SLE patients.
Progress and prospects of recycling technology for carbon fiber reinforced polymer
Authors: Yuan Min , Li Zihao , Teng Zhan
Published: December 2024

This paper provides a comprehensive review of current and prospective technologies for recycling carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP), addressing the growing need for sustainable disposal and resource recovery driven by increasing CFRP applications. Four primary recycling methods are discussed: incineration, physical recycling, chemical recycling, and thermal recycling. Incineration, while offering energy recovery, is unsustainable due to limited material recovery and environmental pollution. Physical recycling, utilizing mechanical processes, is cost-effective but results in significant fiber degradation, restricting applications to low-value fillers. Chemical recycling, involving solvent or acid-based resin decomposition, can yield high-quality fibers but faces challenges regarding environmental impact, process efficiency, and economic viability. Thermal recycling, encompassing pyrolysis in various configurations (conventional, fluidized bed, and microwave), emerges as the most promising approach, offering reasonable recovery rates and acceptable fiber properties, albeit with concerns about energy consumption and potential fiber damage. The review critically evaluates each method based on recovery efficiency, recovered fiber quality, environmental impact, and economic feasibility. It highlights the need for future research focusing on developing greener chemical solvents and catalysts, optimizing thermal processes and exploring product valorization, and investigating novel recycling technologies such as supercritical fluids, bio-based methods, and electrochemical approaches. Furthermore, it emphasizes the importance of establishing comprehensive performance evaluation standards for recycled fibers, exploring surface modification techniques, and expanding application possibilities. Life cycle assessment, economic analysis, and strengthened collaborations among academia, industry, and government are also crucial for advancing CFRP recycling towards industrialization and promoting a circular economy within the composites sector.
Systematic evaluation and meta-analysis of the efficacy of Jingjin acupuncture therapy in the treatment of peripheral facial palsy
Authors: Kang Xingyu , Huang Ying , Lv Xueyan , Liu Xiaofang , Chen Siyu , Ma Le , Shi Shuai
Published: December 2024

Objective

This study aimed to systematically evaluate the clinical efficacy of Jingjin (muscle region of the meridian, sinew/tendon/fascia) acupuncture therapy in treating peripheral facial paralysis.

Methods

A computerized search of PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Clinical Studies, SCOPUS, Web of Science, PEDro, China Knowledge, Wanfang, and Wipu databases was performed for published randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on the treatment of peripheral facial paralysis using Jingjin acupuncture therapy from the beginning of the construction of the databases until 2 April 2024. After a two-person independent extraction of data, the studies were assessed for paper quality and then analyzed for meta-analysis using RevMan5.4 software.

Results

A total of 19 randomized controlled trials involving 1,436 patients were included. Meta-analysis showed that Jingjin acupuncture therapy for peripheral facial palsy had a higher overall effectiveness rate (OR = 3.93, 95% CI [2.78, 5.56], Z = 7.75, p < 0.00001), and cure rates (RR = 1.69, 95% CI [1.51, 1.90], and Z = 8.89, p < 0.00001) were higher than those of conventional therapy. Jingjin acupuncture therapy was also superior to conventional acupuncture therapy in terms of Facial Disability Index-Physical (FDIP) scores, Facial Disability Index-Social (FDIS) scores, facial nerve function scores, and Portmann scores on the Facial Disability Index Scale in patients with peripheral facial paralysis.

Conclusion

Jingjin acupuncture therapy is effective in treating peripheral facial paralysis and has better overall efficacy than conventional therapy. However, the reliability is limited by the small number of high-quality studies with scientifically rigorous methods and designs, so more large-sample, high-quality, randomized controlled studies are still needed for further validation.

Systematic review registration

https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/, Identifier CRD42024543195.
Neurological complications of left atrial myxoma: a case report on stroke with left atrial myxoma and postoperative brain metastasis and cerebral aneurysm
Authors: Ai Xudong , Shao Qingqing , Tian Xueyan , Zhou Yicheng , Zhou Tiantian
Published: December 2024

Atrial myxoma is a rare benign tumor that can cause a variety of complications, including cerebral infarction. We present a case of a 52-year-old female patient who developed cerebral infarction caused by an atrial myxoma. The patient underwent successful surgical resection of the tumor, and the infarction was managed accordingly. However, 15-months post-surgery, the patient developed new neurological symptoms. Imaging studies revealed multiple cerebral metastases, consistent with the possibility of seeding of tumor cells. This rare complication emphasizes the importance of long-term monitoring after the resection of atrial myxomas. The occurrence of metastasis in the brain, though rare, should be considered in follow-up care, particularly in patients who have had embolic events related to atrial myxomas. Our case highlights the potential for cerebral myxoma metastasis even after initial successful surgical intervention, underscoring the need for comprehensive follow-up and vigilant monitoring of such patients.
ABCA1 promote tumor environment heterogeneity via epithelial mesenchymal transition in Huh7 and HepG2 liver cancer cell
Authors: Yu Dinglai , Guo Fang , Zhang Qiyu , Yu Huajun , Wang Wenmin , Chen Yunzhi
Published: December 2024

In this study, we delve into the intrinsic mechanisms of cell communication in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Initially, employing single-cell sequencing, we analyze multiple malignant cell subpopulations and cancer-associated fibroblast (CAF) subpopulations, revealing their interplay through receptor-ligand interactions, with a particular focus on SPP1. Subsequently, employing unsupervised clustering analysis, we delineate two clusters, C1 and C2, and compare their infiltration characteristics using various tools and metrics, uncovering heightened cytotoxicity and overall invasion abundance in C1. Furthermore, our gene risk scoring model indicates heightened activity of the immune therapeutic pathway in C1. Lastly, employing a formulated scoring system, we stratify patients into high and low-risk groups, revealing notably poorer outcomes in the high-risk cohort on Kaplan-Meier curves. Risk scores exhibit a negative correlation with model genes and immune cell infiltration scores, indicating poor prognosis in the high-risk group. Further characterization elucidates the regulatory landscape of the high and low-risk groups across various signaling pathways. In addition, we used wet lab experiments to prove that ABCA1 plays a pro-oncogenic role in hepatocellular carcinoma cells by promoting proliferation, invasion, migration, and reducing apoptosis. In summary, these findings provide crucial insights, offering valuable clues and references for understanding HCC pathogenesis and patient prognosis.
Traditional utilization, botany, phytochemistry, pharmacology, pharmaceutical analysis, processing and application of the seeds of Herpetospermum pedunculosum (Ser.) C.B. Clarke: a comprehensive review
Authors: Jiang Zhixia , Zhang Chuang , Yu Xinran , Wang Kaiyi , Sang Zhenqi , Gong Wan , Zhang Qiaoyan , Meng Xiongyu , Qin Lupin , Zhao Qiming
Published: December 2024

The seed of Herpetospermum pedunculosum (Ser.) C.B. Clarke, known in Chinese as Bo-Leng-Gua-Zi and in Tibetan as Sejimedo, are here abbreviated as H. pedunculosum seeds. Herpetospermum pedunculosum seeds is a traditional Chinese medicine for protecting the liver, clearing heat, and detoxifying. A total of 125 chemical metabolites of H. pedunculosum seeds are found, including lignans, fatty acids, terpenes, coumarins, and others. The pharmacological activities of H. pedunculosum seeds are mainly in hepatoprotective, antioxidant, anti-cancer cells, and anticholestatic effects. In clinical application, it is mainly used in combination with other traditional Chinese medicines to play a key role in treating the liver disease. This paper gives a systematic review of above research aspects, proposes the potential limitations and put forward plausible solutions. Relevant literatures were searched in PubMed, Web of Science and Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure with Herpetospermum as the key word. A number of studies have shown that H. pedunculosum seeds exert excellent hepatoprotective effects by acting on NF-κB, TGF-β, and Keap1-Nrf2 signaling pathways, which provide a solid base for its clinic application. However, more research is needed to explore the standard cultivation and quality evaluation of H. pedunculosum seeds and systematical structure-activity relationship of its active metabolites.
Clade Ib: a new emerging threat in the Mpox outbreak
Authors: Srivastava Shriyansh , Laxmi  , Sharma Khyati , Sridhar Sathvik Belagodu , Talath Sirajunisa , Shareef Javedh , Mehta Rachana , Satapathy Prakisini , Sah Ranjit
Published: December 2024

Monkeypox, a zoonotic virus in the Orthopoxvirus genus, has drawn global attention for its impact on public health. In the current Mpox outbreak, a novel clade, Ib, has emerged as a significant and potentially fatal threat. This review examines the dynamics of MPXV transmission, person-to-person spread, and infection mechanisms, highlighting key risk factors. We explore the clinical features of Mpox, focusing on symptomology, illness duration, and the distinguishing characteristics of clade Ib compared to other clades. A critical analysis addresses diagnostic techniques and emphasizes the need for robust surveillance, particularly for clade Ib detection. We review recent prevention and treatment strategies, including antiviral drugs and vaccines, with a focus on clade Ib containment. The conclusion underscores the urgency of global collaboration to prevent and prepare for emerging threats like clade Ib and identifies crucial research paths and knowledge gaps. This review offers a comprehensive overview of clade Ib, covering its emergence, genetic traits, epidemiological impact, transmission patterns, clinical features, the role of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in outbreak management, detection challenges, and implications for public health response.
Diversity and plant growth promotion potential of endophytic fungi isolated from hairy vetch in Japan
Authors: Taheri Parisa , Dastogeer Khondoker M. G. , Ratu Safirah Tasa Nerves , Agyekum Dominic V. A. , Yasuda Michiko , Fujii Yoshiharu , Okazaki Shin
Published: December 2024

Hairy vetch (Vicia villosa Roth), a leguminous plant with nitrogen-fixing ability, is used as a cover crop and has the potential to suppress weeds and plant diseases. The microbial composition, particularly fungal endophytes, which may be related to the beneficial functions of this crop, has not been previously studied. In this study, we analyzed the diversity and function of culturable fungal endophytes associated with hairy vetch from eight locations across Japan. Using the fungal culture method, a total of 2,186 isolates were recovered and assigned to 80 distinct internal transcribed spacer (ITS) genotypes, spanning 28 genera. The results demonstrated that geographic location and soil physicochemical properties significantly influence the community composition of the hairy vetch fungal endophytes. Soil pH showed a significant positive correlation with the abundance of Penicillium, which was the most dominant genus in all the sampling locations and tissues. The majority of the isolates promoted plant growth and colonized hairy vetch and soybean roots, significantly promoting the growth of hairy vetch and/or soybean plants. Among the isolates, Penicillium griseofulvum AKL25 and Trichoderma koningii AKR15 significantly enhanced both hairy vetch and soybean growth, respectively. Meanwhile, Alternaria alternata OGL80 significantly increased soybean growth, but it did not affect hairy vetch growth, indicating host specificity of the fungal endophytes. In conclusion, this study showed that soil properties and geographic location play a critical role in shaping the community composition and structure of endophytic fungi associated with hairy vetch. Additionally, the isolated fungi promoted hairy vetch and soybean growth, with a host preference. Furthermore, this study revealed that a novel endophytic fungus, P. griseofulvum AKL25, which has high growth-promoting activity, can be utilized as a microbial inoculant to promote hairy vetch and soybean growth in sustainable agriculture.
Genome-wide analysis of Nicotiana tabacum IDD genes identifies NtIDD9 as a regulator of leaf angle
Authors: Li Zefeng , Cao Peijian , Liu Huabing , Zhang Jianfeng , Luo Zhaopeng , Zhang Hui , Wu Mingzhu , Xie Xiaodong
Published: December 2024

The INDETERMINATE DOMAIN (IDD) gene family, encoding a class of C2H2 transcription factor, played diverse roles in land plants. The IDD family in tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) has not been characterized. In this study, 26 NtIDDs were identified in the tobacco genome. Phylogenetic analysis showed that NtIDDs were divided into five groups. Motif analysis revealed that the ID domain was conserved in NtIDDs. Gene duplication analysis demonstrated that segmental/whole-genome duplication and dispersed duplication would have occurred in NtIDDs. Cis-element analysis predicted that hormone-, stress-, and development-related elements are located in NtIDD promoters. Expression analysis revealed tissue preference patterns and differential hormone responses in NtIDDs. Further investigations on the function of NtIDD9 exhibited increased leaf angle degrees in RNA silencing plants. Cellular localization suggested that NtIDD9 expressed in the endodermis of the leaf petiole base. Subcellular localization analysis revealed that the NtIDD9 protein was located in the nucleus. Hormone quantification found that the levels of auxin, ABA, JA, and GA were significantly changed in NtIDD9-silenced plants. Thus, the study suggested that NtIDD9 played a crucial role in modulation of leaf angle development. Overall, these findings lay foundations for future function and mechanism research on IDDs in tobacco.
Examining the associations between mental health, life balance, work-method autonomy, and perceived boundary control among postdoctoral fellows
Authors: Lo Brian K. , Park In Young , Choung David , McTernan Melissa , Sibley Erin , Davison Kirsten K.
Published: December 2024

High mental health risks and life imbalance among postdoctoral fellows (postdocs) are persistent concerns in academia. However, little is known about the relationship between these two subjects and whether autonomy at work is linked to life balance among postdocs. Online survey responses from 117 postdocs (59% women; 49% non-Hispanic white) were assessed using multiple linear regression analysis to examine whether the work-method autonomy and perceived boundary control of postdocs were linked to life balance. Additionally, logistic regression analysis was used to examine whether postdocs who reported better life balance had lower risks of reporting mood disorder symptoms. We found that 39%, 27%, and 45% of postdocs reported anxiety, depressive, and anxiety-or-depressive disorder symptoms, respectively. Both work-method autonomy and perceived boundary control were positively associated with life balance [B = 0.40, 95% CI = [0.20–0.60]; B = 0.50, 95% CI = [0.32–0.67], respectively]. Postdocs with greater life balance had decreased odds of reporting mood disorder symptoms [anxiety disorder symptoms: adjusted OR = 0.55, 95% CI = (0.37–0.82); depressive disorder symptoms: adjusted OR = 0.31, 95% CI = (0.18–0.55); anxiety-or-depressive disorder symptoms: adjusted OR = 0.42, 95% CI = (0.27–0.65)]. Postdocs' mental health appeared to be influenced by life balance, which may be enhanced by providing work-method autonomy and increasing perceived boundary control.
Research on the driving mechanism of tourists’ ecological protection behavior in intangible cultural heritage sites
Authors: Zhang Wei , Ran Hao
Published: December 2024

Despite the increasing focus on intangible cultural heritage tourism, there is a lack of research on the ecological protection behaviors of tourists in these contexts. With UNESCO’s continuous refinement of the World Heritage system, intangible cultural heritage has gradually become a focal point for tourism development and protection. While such tourism can promote the preservation and transmission of heritage, it also introduces ecological environmental issues that need to be addressed. Therefore, exploring the driving mechanisms of tourists’ ecological protection behavior holds significant practical value. Based on the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB), this study constructs a driving model of tourists’ ecological protection behavior. It examines the influence of behavioral attitude, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control, and personal norms on tourists’ willingness to engage in ecological protection. By distributing questionnaires both offline and online, we analyzed data from 312 valid responses. The results indicate that all four factors have a significant positive impact on tourists’ willingness to engage in ecological protection behavior. Among these factors, personal norms and behavioral attitude have a relatively larger influence. The findings provide valuable references for intangible cultural heritage sites in China and regions with similar cultural and tourism dynamics.
Inequitable gender norms and its associated factors among university students in southern Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study, 2022
Authors: Kelecha Yirgalem Tola , Ayele Amanuel Albene , Goda Habtamu Samuel , Demissie Mesarch Hailu , Toma Temesgen Mohammed
Published: December 2024

Background

Gender defined as the socially constructed roles, behaviors, activities, and characteristics that society deems appropriate for men, women, and other gender identities. Inequitable gender norms promote male dominance and aggressiveness while portraying women as being subservient. Ensuring equitable gender norms is a prerequisite for achieving gender equality in a society. The rise in maternal mortality and morbidity, adolescent pregnancies, unwanted pregnancies, unsafe abortions, HIV/AIDS, gender-based violence, and obstacles to reproductive health care are all linked to inequitable gender norms. On the other hand, not much is known regarding inequitable gender norms and their correlation in our setting.

Objective

The purpose of this study was to evaluate university students’ attitudes regarding inequitable gender norms and responsible factors.

Design

Between October 25 and November 10, 2022, students from Jinka and Arba Minch University participated in an institution-based cross-sectional study.

Methods

A total of 635 students were selected using a multi-stage sampling technique. The Gender Equitable Men Scale was employed to evaluate inequitable gender norms. Data were verified and entered into Epi-Data Version 3.1, then analyzed using SPSS Version 25.0. Binary logistic regression was initially used to identify potential factors associated with inequitable gender norms, variables having a p-value <0.25 in bivariate analysis considered for multivariable regression. The final model’s fit was assessed using the Hosmer–Lemeshow goodness-of-fit statistic, confirming its adequacy. Statistical significance was determined at a threshold of p < 0.05.

Results

Of the study participants, 44.1% (95% CI: 40.10, 48.10%) had an inequitable gender norm, while the mean score for a inequitable gender norm was 61.4 (SD 8.4). Inequitable gender norm was associated with sex being male (AOR = 1.75, 95%CI: 1.19, 2.56), romantic relationship breakup (AOR = 2.10, 95% CI: 1.14, 3.99), and having a negative attitude toward gender equality (AOR = 3,14, 95% CI: 2.15, 4.58).

Conclusion

A notable number of participants expressed support for inequitable gender norms. This underscores the importance of comprehensive efforts by relevant stakeholders to address identified factors and promote equitable gender norms among university students.
Impact of Ridge Tillage and Mulching on Water Dynamics of Summer Maize Fields Under Climate Change in the Semi-Arid Region of Northwestern Liaoning, China
Authors: Li Yao , Zhang Wanting , Bai Mengxi , Wu Jiayu , Zhu Chenmengyuan , Fu Yujuan
Published: December 2024

The ridge–furrow plastic mulching technique has been widely applied due to its benefits of increasing temperature, conserving moisture, reducing evaporation, and boosting yields. Hydrus-2D is a computer model designed to simulate the two-dimensional movement of water in soil characterized by a low cost and high flexibility compared to field experiments. This study, based on field experiment data from Jianping County, Liaoning Province, China, during 2017–2018, developed Hydrus-2D models for two distinct field management practices: non-mulched flat cultivation (NM-FC) and mulched ridge tillage (M-RT). Furthermore, it simulated the dynamic changes in farmland water variations during the summer maize growth period (2021–2100) under climate change scenarios, specifically medium and high emission pathways (SSP2-4.5 and SSP5-8.5), based on the FGOALS-g3 model, which exhibits the highest similarity to the climate pattern of Jianping County in the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6) global climate models and the Shared Socioeconomic Pathways (SSPs). The results showed that in the future FGOALS-g3 model, net radiation exhibited a significant upward trend under the SSP2-4.5 scenario (Z = 2.38), while the average air temperature showed a highly significant increase under both SSP2-4.5 and SSP5-8.5 scenarios, with Z-values of 6.48 and 8.90, respectively. The Hydrus-2D model demonstrated high simulation accuracy in both NM-FC and M-RT treatments (R2 ranging from 0.86 to 0.96, with RMSE not exceeding 0.011), accurately simulating the dynamic changes in soil water content (SWC) under future climate change. Compared to NM-FC, M-RT reduced evaporation, increased transpiration, and effectively decreased the leakage caused by increased future precipitation, resulting in a 0.04 and 0.01 cm3/cm3 increase in surface and deep soil SWC, respectively, during the summer maize growing season, significantly improving water use efficiency. Moreover, M-RT treatment reduced the impact coefficients of climate change on various water balance parameters, stabilizing changes in these parameters and SWC under future climate conditions. This study demonstrates the significant advantages of M-RT in coping with climate change, providing key scientific evidence for future agricultural water resource management. These findings offer valuable insights for policymakers and farmers, particularly in developing adaptive land management and irrigation strategies, helping to improve water use efficiency and promote sustainable agricultural practices.
Research on Prediction and Optimization of Airport Express Passenger Flow Based on Fusion Intelligence Network Model
Authors: He Jin , Li Yinzhen , Chao Yuhong
Published: December 2024

The purpose of this paper is to optimize the accuracy of airport express passenger flow prediction so as to meet the need for the optimal allocation of traffic resources against the background of accelerated urbanization and the rapid development of airport express services. A fusion intelligence network model (FINM) is proposed, which integrates the advantages of convolutional neural networks, bidirectional long short-term memory networks, and gated recurrent units. Firstly, by using the powerful feature extraction ability of convolutional neural networks, local features and detail information are captured from the input data to improve the data representation ability. Secondly, bidirectional long short-term memory networks are used to process the sequence data, capture the global information and its context relationship, and enhance the model’s understanding of the dependence of time series data. Finally, gated recurrent units are introduced to simplify the computational complexity while maintaining high prediction accuracy and training efficiency. Based on the actual passenger flow data for Tianjin Metro Line 2 on a 30 min time scale, the proposed FINM is verified. The experimental results show that the model achieves an excellent performance, with 0.0160, 0.0947, 0.0160, 0.1255, 18.40, and 0.7788 in key indicators such as loss value (Loss Value), mean absolute error (MAE), mean squared error (MSE), root mean square error (RMSE), mean absolute percentage error (MAPE), and coefficient of determination (R-Squared). Compared with the comparison algorithm, this model shows significant advantages in all indicators, which proves its effectiveness in dealing with complex time series data.
Fabrication of a Near-Infrared Upconversion Nanosensor for the Ultrasensitive Detection of eARGs Using a Dual-Amplification Strategy
Authors: Zhang Yuqi , Li Mengmeng , Zhang Yan , Shi Xinli , Sun Yujun , Ge Chunping , Mahmood M. Haris , Sun Zhaomei , Song Xinyue , Zhang Shusheng
Published: December 2024

Extracellular antibiotic resistance genes (eARGs) have emerged as significant environmental contaminants due to their role in the transmission and proliferation of antibiotic-resistant bacteria, posing a major threat to global health. Traditional detection methods for eARGs require complicated equipment, lengthy analysis times, and relatively low selectivity. Furthermore, eARGs are present in low concentrations in surface water samples, which presents considerable challenges to the sensitivity of detection assays. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop more accessible, stable, and sensitive detection methods. In this work, we developed an ultrasensitive upconversion nanosensor utilizing a dual-amplification strategy for the detection of trace eARGs (bla-TEM). The upconversion nanosensor was activated upon the capture of bla-TEM and subsequently enriched through magnetic separation. Following this, a cascade nicking-polymerization amplification process occurred in a single reaction facilitated by a magnetic capture probe, an upconversion recognition probe, and the relevant enzymes. The upconversion nanosensor functions as both the direct target-recognizing moieties and signal reporters, replacing the energy donor in conventional luminescence resonance energy transfer-based upconversion nanosensors. Ultimately, the strategy demonstrated excellent sensitivity with a limit of detection (LOD) of 0.093 aM, rapid detection in less than one hour, good selectivity, and high accuracy compared to conventional polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays. These findings provide valuable insights for the development of ultrasensitive detection assays for emerging environmental pollutants.
Misuse of the Term Retrospective Cohort. Comment on Alsayouf et al. Atomoxetine Treatment of Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Symptoms in 3–6-Year-Old Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Retrospective Cohort Study. Children 2024, 11, 163
Authors: Zarghami Mehran
Published: December 2024

Recently, an article entitled “Atomoxetine Treatment of Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Symptoms in 3–6-Year-Old Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Retrospective Cohort Study” was published in the journal Children. In this letter, the methodology of the mentioned study is discussed.
“Ideas-Men” (Gnômotupoi Andres)
Authors: Moore Christopher
Published: December 2024

This paper addresses the fifth-century comic coinage gnômotupos, which has not otherwise received scholarly attention. Translators of Aristophanes and Aristotle have typically glossed it into English as “maxim-coining” (with equivalents in other languages). This is a sensible inference from a fourth-century use of γνώμη, “maxim”, and the verb τύπτειν, “stamping”. It also tracks the importance of maxims to Sophistic-era adoption of wisdom-culture and the lore of the Seven Sages. Nevertheless, this typical gloss is incorrect. The term instead emphasizes “idea”, as an insight, technique, or view relevant to some matter. “Stamping” (τύπτειν) an idea means coming up with an apt idea and giving it shape and articulacy. In a characteristic use of the adjective, Aristophanes speaks of gnômotupoi andres (Frogs). These are men who are skilled at “fashioning ideas”, coming up with their content and their form. My claim is that Aristophanes has captured something crucial about the period we call the Sophistic movement or Greek enlightenment. The formulation, circulation, and competition of ideas is a matter of increasing self-consciousness in Athens. So too are those who formulate, circulate, and compete in them: intellectuals or, as gnômotupoi andres might be translated, “ideas-men.” I even contend that those referred to as “sophists”, sophistai, may in many ways be understood as gnômotupoi andres.
Optimum Cable Bonding with Pareto Optimal and Hybrid Neural Methods to Prevent High-Voltage Cable Insulation Faults in Distributed Generation Systems
Authors: Akbal Bahadır
Published: December 2024

The high voltage, current and harmonic distortion in high-voltage cable metal sheaths cause cable insulation faults. The SSBLR (Sectional Solid Bonding with Inductance (L) and Resistance) method was designed as a new cable grounding method to prevent insulation faults. SSBLR was optimized using multi-objective optimization (MOP) with the prediction method (PM) to minimize these factors. The Pareto optimal method was used for MOP. The artificial neural network, hybrid artificial neural network and regression methods were used as the PM. When the artificial neural network–genetic algorithm hybrid method was used as the PM, and the genetic algorithm was used as the optimization method, the voltage and current were significantly reduced in the metal sheath of the cable.