bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Genetic variations among individuals of BLRI Cattle Breed-1 in successive generations
Authors: Mostari MP , Khan MYA , Deb GK
Published: December 2020

This study aimed to identify the genetic variation among different generations of BLRI Cattle Breed-1 (BCB-1) and its relationship with indigenous Pabna cattle. A total of 20 ISAG-FAO recommended microsatellite DNA markers were used for this study. Blood samples were collected randomly from fifteen animals of 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 4th generation of BCB-1, Pabna cattle and RCC as reference cattle breed. The DNA extraction, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification by using microsatellite markers and finally capillary based fragment length analysis was performed by genetic analyzer. The allele number per locus ranged from 5 to 14 in the studied populations. The mean numbers of alleles ranged from 4.95 in 3rd generation of BCB-1 to 7.55 in indigenous Pabna cattle. The mean numbers of alleles per locus decreased in 3rd and 4th generation. Both observed and expected heterozygosity decreased in subsequent generations in BCB-1. The observed heterozygosity decreased in BCB-1 from 2nd to successive generations (0.7257 in 2nd generation to 0.6232 4th generation). The average observed heterozygosity was highest in indigenous Pabna cattle (0.7393). Genetic distance between 3rd and 4th generation of BCB-1 are very low they are more homogenous. Indigenous Pabna cattle and RCC showed more genetic distance from all generations of BCB-1. Dendrogram based on DA genetic distance using unweighted pair group method of arithmetic means (UPGMA) indicated segregation of the four generations of BCB-1 into cluster 1 and 2 which are grouped together and separated from the cluster 3 of indigenous Pabna cattle and cluster 4 RCC population. According to genetic structure of BCB-1, it may treat as a unique cattle population of Bangladesh.

Bang. J. Livs. Res. Vol. 26 (1&2), 2019: P. 8-14
Alzheimer hastalığı ve beslenme ile ilişkisi
Authors: Yıldırım Meltem Pınar , Ateş Özcan Burcu
Published: December 2020

Alzhiemer disease, which accounts for 70% of dementia caused by damage to the central nervous system, is a disease formed by combining genetic and environmental factors. In the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease, amyloid beta accumulation, Tau proteins, neurofibrillary tangles are involved. Inflammation, oxidative damage, insulin resistance, cholesterol, trace elements, metal exposure, carrying the Apolipoprotein E4 (ApoE) gene are risk factors. It is known that Alzheimer's disease does not occur with aging alone, environmental factors are needed. Although there is no definitive nutritional treatment for Alzheimer's disease, the Mediterranean diet is known to be protective and preventive against risk factors of Alzheimer's disease. The Mediterranean diet, which attracts attention with its rich consumption of fruits and vegetables, moderate consumption of white meat, limited in saturated fatty acids and rich in unsaturated fatty acids, is still popular today. Some changes in gout microbiota can affect Alzheimer's disease. Following a nutritional program that reduces inflammation, protects from free radicals and eliminates factors that increase nutritional amyloid beta accumulation can be protective. In addition to this nutrition program, vitamin and mineral supplements and probiotic supplements are recommended as a preventive for Alzheimer's.
Sürdürülebilir kalkınma hedeflerine erişmede hemşirenin önemi
Authors: Madenoğlu Kıvanç Meral , Türen Sevda , Atakoğlu Rahime , Kara Özçalık Cennet
Published: December 2020

Bu çalışmada, sürdürülebilir kalkınma hedeflerine ulaşmak için hemşirenin rolünü ortaya koymak amaçlanmıştır. Sürdürülebilir kalkınma, son yüzyılın en çok kullanılan kavramlarından biridir. Geçtiğimiz 50 yıl içerisinde sürdürülebilir kalkınma giderek önem kazanmış ve çevre sorunları üzerine odaklanmıştır. Sürdürülebilir kalkınma hedefleri; dünyanın refahını, barışını güçlendirmeyi, yoksulluk ve açlığın giderilmesini aynı zamanda çevreyi korumayı hedefleyen bir eylem planı olarak ortaya çıkmıştır. Bu eylem planı, 2015 yılında Birleşmiş Milletler tarafından dikkate alınmıştır. Birleşmiş Milletler 2030 yılına kadar ortaya konan eylem planındaki 17 hedef ile ilgili çalışmalar başlatmıştır. Bu amaçla uluslar, mevcut politika ve stratejilerinde değişikliklere gitmişlerdir. Örneğin; doğal kaynakları korumak, sağlıkta ihtiyaçları karşılamak vb. sürdürülebilir kalkınmanın hedeflerine erişmede ekip çalışması, iletişim, objektif performans değerlendirme gibi faktörler söz konusudur. Hemşireler, toplum ve çevre sağlığının gelişmesinde önemli role sahiptir. Uluslararası Hemşireler Birliği; sürdürülebilir kalkınma hedeflerine ulaşmada hemşirelerden birey, meslek üyesi ve multidisipliner ekibin üyesi olarak yapması gereken sorumlulukları yerine getirmesini beklemektedir. Böylece hemşireler sürdürülebilir kalkınma hedeflerine erişmede değişim ve gelişim ajanı olarak görülebilir.
Експериментальні дослідження процесу виявлення нелінійних переходів вибухових пристроїв з неконтактними датчиками цілі
Authors: Smolkov Oleksandr
Published: December 2020

Кардинальні зміни характеру та значне збільшення динаміки ведення мінної війни у воєнних конфліктах сучасності стали результатом зміщення пріоритетів у бік застосування новітніх зразків мінної зброї та саморобних вибухових пристроїв переважно з неконтактними датчиками цілі. Такий стан питання викликав загострення проблеми протидії вибухонебезпечним загрозам, а поряд з цим потребу у забезпеченні потрібного рівня ефективності, безпеки та собівартості процесів пошуку і виявлення вибухових пристроїв з неконтактними (електронними) датчиками цілі. Існуючі технічні засоби пошуку та виявлення вибухонебезпечних предметів, як правило, у більшості випадків ґрунтуються на використанні активних електромагнітних методів. Наближення таких пошукових пристроїв до вибухових пристроїв із магнітними (неконтактними) датчиками цілі або тих, що керуються по радіо, досить часто призводить до несанкціонованого вибуху і як наслідок до втрат.

Встановлено, що майже усі неконтактні датчики цілі поєднує спільна ознака – наявність напівпровідникових елементів у їхньому складі, або переходів типу метал-окисел-метал. Вказана особливість покладена в основу сучасних засобів виявлення вибухових пристроїв з неконтактними датчиками цілі методом нелінійної радіолокації. Однак, при цьому проблемними досі залишаються вимоги щодо безпеки використання пошукових пристроїв даного типу у ручному варіанті або на наземних транспортних засобах. Одним із шляхів розв’язання даного протиріччя є встановлення пошукових пристроїв на дистанційно-керовану платформу. При чому, виникає нагальна потреба обґрунтування тактико-технічних вимог до засобів даного типу при зміні умов та способів їх застосування.

На основі проведеного аналізу попередніх досліджень, як вітчизняних, так і закордонних фахівців, стосовно використання електромагнітних методів пошуку і виявлення рукотворних предметів в укриваючих середовищах (ґрунт, сніг, вода тощо), запропоновано науково-методичний підхід щодо планування експериментальних досліджень процесу виявлення нелінійних переходів вибухових пристроїв з неконтактними датчиками цілі. Експериментальні дослідження, призначені для перевірки і уточнення розроблених теоретичних положень щодо створення перспективних дистанційно керованих радіолокаційних комплексів пошуку та виявлення вибухових пристроїв з неконтактними датчиками цілі за допомогою методу нелінійної радіолокації, а у випадку їх підтвердження – технічного обґрунтування вимог до пошукових пристроїв нелінійної радіолокації та дистанційно керованих радіолокаційних комплексів в цілому.
Variabilidade da Frequência Cardíaca como biomarcador do estresse: revisão integrativa
Authors: Araújo Liliam Mendes de , Carvalho Cláudia Maria Sousa de , Amaral Marcello Magri , Santos Laurita dos
Published: December 2020

Objetivo: identificar a aplicabilidade da Variabilidade da Frequência Cardíaca (VFC) como biomarcador do estresse por meio de uma revisão integrativa da literatura. Método: foi realizada uma busca nas bases de dados Web of Science ® e Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (MEDLINE). Os descritores Variabilidade da Frequência Cardíaca, VFC, Sistema Nervoso Autônomo (SNA), Intervalos RR e estresse foram combinados de diferentes formas a fim de possibilitar maior captação de estudos. Os critérios de inclusão foram estudos envolvendo seres humanos, associação entre VFC e estresse ou SNA e análise da VFC utilizando medidas lineares e não lineares. Foram identificadas 18 publicações que atenderam aos critérios de inclusão e exclusão. Foi realizada uma análise descritiva desses trabalhos. Resultados: os resultados mostraram que as características da VFC foram alteradas em resposta ao estresse. Os índices da VFC obtidos por métodos lineares (domínio do tempo e domínio da frequência) e os métodos não lineares foram citados em alguns estudos como ferramenta de diagnóstico clínico para investigar as interações cardiovasculares, avaliar os mecanismos fisiológicos e rastrear suas mudanças em diferentes estados fisiológicos.  Conclusão: conclui-se que a VFC pode ser usada para avaliar o estresse, pois ela reflete a atividade cardíaca e as atividades do SNA. Observou-se que os diferentes métodos utilizados para induzir o estresse foram capazes de estimular uma resposta do SNA por meio das alterações nos parâmetros da VFC.
Studies on effects of different solvent extracted samples of O. sanctum (Basil) stem on
the growth of S. typhi
Authors: Kumari Seema , Prasad Vinod
Published: December 2020

Typhoid is a problematic fever, caused by Salmonella typhi. Present investigation is based upon studies of antibacterial effects of different solvent extracted samples of O. sanctum stem on growth of S. typhi. The crude extracts of stem of O. sanctum
were prepared from three different solvents such as methanol, ethyl acetate and hot water. Four different concentrations (25%, 50%, 75% and100%) were prepared from each one of the solvent extracted sample. Agar well diffusion method was used to
test the antibacterial activity of different solvent extracted samples of O. sanctum stem. Analysis of data indicates that a metabolic extract of O. sanctum stem shows maximum zone of inhibition and it was of 26mm at 100% concentration and minimum zone of inhibition was of 19mm at 50% concentration. Ethyl acetate extract of O. sanctum stem shows maximum zone of inhibition and it was of 29mm at 100% concentration and minimum was of 14mm at 25% concentration. Hot water extract of O. sanctum stem shows maximum zone of inhibition and it was of 28mm at 100% concentration and minimum zone of inhibition was of 12mm at 25% concentration. This study indicates that ethyl acetate extract of O. sanctum stem is more effective against S. typhi as compared to methanol and hot water extracted solvent. Contrary to the antibiotics or synthetic medicine associated with many side effects, this plant part can be used as a herbal medicines against Salmonella typhi infection.
First record of Common Red Flash, Rapala iarbus from the state of Rajasthan, India
Authors: Tripathi Anil Kumar , Koli Vijay Kumar
Published: December 2020

In this paper, we report a first record of Common Red Flash, Rapala iarbus butterfly from the state of Rajasthan. The specimen was observed in the residential area, located at the outskirt of the Bhilwara city, Rajasthan, India.
Comparative Assessment of Physico-Chemical Parameters of Lotic and Lentic Zone of
River Betwa in Jhansi (U.P.), India
Authors: Mishra Umesh Kumar , Yadav Vijay Kumar
Published: December 2020

Water is the most precious natural gift given by God to human race. Its purity is also important for everyone. For the present study two sampling stations, Baratha village and Parichha dam head were selected for comparative assessment of physico-chemical parameters of lotic and lentic zones on Betwa river. Both these sampling stations are located at Jhansi (UP) India. Samples were collected regularly for one complete year from July 2018 to June 2019. Eighteen water parameters and four hundred thirty two samples were analysed. The overall mean ranges of these parameters at Baratha village and Parichha dam head were notified as electric conductivity (518.66±43.47) and (528.75±59.65), pH (8.09±0.36) and (8.14±0.26), water temperature (24.37±4.14) and (23.78±4.12), transparency (54.91±4.97) and (41.61±3.83), turbidity (30±12.38) and (35.25±16.38), TDS (265.33±16.74) and (267.66±25.42), TSS (66.5±12.52) and 69.83±14.45), TS (331.83±28.76) and (337.5±39.04), DO (6.76±0.68) and (6.72±0.86), total alkalinity (141.58±22.74) and (142.25±29.37), total hardness (150.08±22.70) and
(153.66±20.55), Ca (29.04±2.32) and (29.84±5.38), Mg (13.51±2.01) and (14.32±2.20), chloride (24.77±3.29) and (26.85±3.99), BOD (4.08±0.71) and (4.15±1.16), COD (11.64±1.02) and (12.82±1.20), NO3 (1.64±0.37) and (1.93±0.59), PO4 (0.46±0.21) and (1.33±0.29). All these findings concluded that the lentic zone (Parichha) is more polluted than the lotic zone (Baratha). However all the observed values are in the range of permissible limits, so both zones can be used for irrigation and fisheries sector.
The involvement of protein kinases in the cardioprotective effect of chronic hypoxia
Authors: Naryzhnaya N.V. , Ma H.-J. , Maslov L.N.
Published: December 2020

The purpose of this review is to analyze the involvement of protein kinases in the cardioprotective mechanism induced by chronic hypoxia. It has been reported that chronic intermittent hypoxia contributes to increased expression of the following kinases in the myocardium: PKCδ, PKCα, p-PKCε, p-PKCα, AMPK, p-AMPK, CaMKII, p-ERK1/2, p-Akt, PI3-kinase, p-p38, HK-1, and HK-2; whereas, chronic normobaric hypoxia promotes increased expression of the following kinases in the myocardium: PKCε, PKCβII, PKCη, CaMKII, p-ERK1/2, p-Akt, p-p38, HK-1, and HK-2. However, CNH does not promote enhanced expression of the AMPK and JNK kinases. Adaptation to hypoxia enhances HK-2 association with mitochondria and causes translocation of PKCδ, PKCβII, and PKCη to the mitochondria. It has been shown that PKCδ, PKCε, ERK1/2, and MEK1/2 are involved in the cardioprotective effect of chronic hypoxia. The role of other kinases in the cardioprotective effect of adaptation to hypoxia requires further research.
Role of cytochrome c oxidase nuclear-encoded subunits in health and disease
Authors: Čunátová K , Pajuelo Reguera D , Houštěk J , Mráček T , Pecina P
Published: December 2020

Cytochrome c oxidase (COX), the terminal enzyme of mitochondrial electron transport chain, couples electron transport to oxygen with generation of proton gradient indispensable for the production of vast majority of ATP molecules in mammalian cells. The review summarizes current knowledge of COX structure and function of nuclear-encoded COX subunits, which may modulate enzyme activity according to various conditions. Moreover, some nuclear-encoded subunits posess tissue-specific and development-specific isoforms, possibly enabling fine-tuning of COX function in individual tissues. The importance of nuclear-encoded subunits is emphasized by recently discovered pathogenic mutations in patients with severe mitopathies. In addition, proteins substoichiometrically associated with COX were found to contribute to COX activity regulation and stabilization of the respiratory supercomplexes. Based on the summarized data, a model of three levels of quaternary COX structure is postulated. Individual structural levels correspond to subunits of the i) catalytic center, ii) nuclear-encoded stoichiometric subunits and iii) associated proteins, which may constitute several forms of COX with varying composition and differentially regulated function.
Disseminated atypical mycobacteriosis in HIV-infected patient with predominant lesion of digestive system (clinical case)
Authors: Krivosheev A. B. , Selyakova M. S. , Khvan L. A. , Yeremeeva S. A. , Zvezdina I. V.
Published: December 2020

The article is devoted to the description of a rarely diagnosed secondary opportunistic infection in an HIV-infected patient – atypical mycobacteriosis. A feature was the predominant lesion of the digestive system. Clinical, laboratory and instrumental research methods and prognosis are analyzed. The diagnosis was verified only by sectional and histological examinations.
PENERAPAN MODEL LEVELS OF INQUIRY UNTUK MENINGKATKAN PENGUASAAN KONSEP SISWA PADA MATERI TATA SURYA SMP
Authors: Nurjanah Annisa , Ramalis Taufik Ramlan , Rusdiana Dadi
Published: December 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peningkatan penguasaan konsep Tata Surya setelah penerapan model Levels of Inquiry. Metode penelitian yang dilakukan adalah quasy experiment dengan one group pretest-posttest design yang dilaksanakan di salah satu SMP di Lembang, Jawa Barat.  Instrumen penguasaan konsep menggunakan soal tes uraian yang terdiri dari aspek kognitif memahami (C2), menerapkan (C3), dan menganalisis (C4) yang saling berkesinambungan pada setiap butir soal. Berdasarkan analisis data uji hipotesis disimpulkan bahwa penerapan model Levels of Inquiry dapat meningkatkan penguasaan konsep pada materi Tata Surya dengan skor N-gain 0.48 yakni dalam kategori sedang.
Patterns of conduct of Argentine SMEs with respect to ICT investments
Authors: Tricoci Guillermo-Alberto , Corral Pablo-Alejandro , Oriolo María-Cecilia
Published: December 2020

Various authors have concluded that there are different groupings that make
it possible to explain the differences between companies in terms of their size,
composition of capital or the degree of their evolution in terms of ICT and
that within medium and small companies there are special dynamics that are
necessary understand. This work is focused on this type of firms and a mixed
methodology has been used to obtain data, which included the preparation of
a field work supported by consultations with relevant personalities from academia,
industry and consulting services in the area. It is proposed to draw an empirical scheme of the SME sector in Argentina, and results are presented in
relation to the investment and adoption of ICT in these type of firms.
Yeniden Yazma Pratiklerinde Yücenin İnşası
Authors: ÜNAL Anıl
Published: December 2020

Bu makale yeniden yazma pratiklerinde, yüce olanın yazın mevcudiyetinin olanağını araştırmaktadır. Jean François Lyotard’ın telaffuz ettiği biçimi ile yeniden yazma post modern edebiyatın alımlanmasında kurucu bir kavram olarak anlaşılıyor olsa da, bu pratiğin aslında yazının kendisi kadar eski olduğu da iddia edilebilir. Ancak bir tekrar mekaniği, izden ime geçişi mümkün kılmaktadır. İmgeden sembole geçiş yazıyı mümkün kılan olanak olarak, düşünceye geçişi de taahhüt altına almaktadır. Sözgelişi on binlerce yıl boyunca aynı mağara duvarındaki resimlerin üzerinden geçerek resimleri canlı tutan ressam da; esrarını mesneviden aldım diyen ya da iambic pentameter ölçüsü ile sone yazan şair kadar yeniden yazma pratiğini gerçekleştirmektedir. Bu deneme yazının dolayımında anonimleşen yazar ile burada ve şimdinin algısının taşıyıcısı olarak maddi anlamda kendisine mahkûm yazar imgelerinin yazın uzamdaki karşılaşmalarının yarattığı bitimsizliği yücenin inşası olarak ele alıyor. Bu karşılaşma için yeniden yazım bir olanak yaratmaktadır. Bu, gerçek olandan düşsel olana geçişin yarattığı bir yazınsal olanaktır. Geçiş, ontolojik anlamda maddesel olanın düşünsel olana aktarımıdır. Bu aktarım yeniden yazımın yazarları arasında bir geçişliliği mümkün kılar. Makale bu yazın olayı Jorge Luis Borges ve Nathaniel Hawthorne üzerinden betimleyerek işaret ediyor.
The Contingency of the Lifeworld in a World of Standards. Repertoires of Resignification in (Evidence-Based) Healthcare Organization
Authors: Lusardi Roberto
Published: December 2020

In this article I discuss the irremediable tension between the universalistic dimension of contemporary medicine, represented by the paradigm of evidence-based medicine (EBM), and local daily practices in specific healthcare organizations. This tension constantly challenges the unitary, universalistic vision to which modern medicine and science aspire. The EBM paradigm, which is currently the most prevalent in every medical-nursing discipline, aims to standardize care procedures through the process of constant scientific literature review and the production of operational guidelines based on what epistemic communities define as the most reliable and effective results: the so-called gold standards. In everyday clinical, therapeutic, and care activities, these procedures are intertwined with the multiplicity of elements that make up the lifeworld. “Universalistic” premises are never merely “applied” to “local” interactive contexts but are always creatively “implicated” in them. Using data collected during a year of ethnographic research in an intensive care unit in Northern Italy, I discuss how the abstract indications of EBM and the formal dimension of health organizations are incorporated, through socially located interactive repertoires, in actual care trajectories. Following the Science and Technology Study perspective in a practice-based analysis of daily work, I show how interactions between human actors, technological artifacts and organizational apparatus in daily practices constituterepertoires of resignificationthrough which local universality emerges, resolving the tension between medicine's universalistic aspirations and the unpredictable, situated nature of the lifeworld. I consider two repertoires: the interpretative (examining the production and dissemination of knowledge) and the relational (focusing on informal interactions between different professional groups and communities of practice). The article shows how care practices cannot disregard the specific organizational conditions in which they unfold and suggests that research should develop reflective analysis skills on what Annemarie Mol calls thelogic of care, thus ceasing to treat the local dimension as a disturbing element in formal systems but, on the contrary, taking note of its impact and unavoidability in actual practice.
Association of Soluble Suppression of Tumorigenesis 2 (sST2) With Platelet Activation, Monocyte Tissue Factor and Ischemic Outcomes Following Angioplasty and Stenting
Authors: Stojkovic Stefan , Demyanets Svitlana , Kopp Christoph W. , Hengstenberg Christian , Wojta Johann , Eichelberger Beate , Panzer Simon , Gremmel Thomas
Published: December 2020

Background:Peripheral artery disease (PAD) patients undergoing infrainguinal angioplasty with stenting suffer high rates of target lesion restenosis and ischemic events. Blood-based prognostic markers in these patients are currently limited. The IL-33/ST2-system is involved in atherothrombosis. Soluble ST2 has been proposed as a biomarker in patients with cardiovascular disease.

Aim:To investigate the association of sST2 with platelet activation and monocyte tissue factor (TF) in 316 patients undergoing elective angioplasty and stenting for cardiovascular disease, and its predictive value for ischemic outcomes following infrainguinal angioplasty with stent implantation in 104 PAD patients within this cohort.

Methods and Results:Circulating levels of sST2, platelet surface P-selectin, monocyte TF expression as well as soluble P-selectin were determined in 316 consecutive patients on dual antiplatelet therapy following angioplasty and stenting. sST2 was independently associated with soluble P-selectin (B = 6.4, 95% CI 2.0–10.7,p= 0.004) and TF expression (B = 0.56, 95% CI 0.02–1.1,p= 0.041) but not with platelet surface P-selectin (B = 0.1, 95% CI −0.1–0.3,p= 0.307) after adjustment for age, sex, clinical risk factors and inflammatory parameters. During the follow-up of 24 months, the primary endpoint occurred in 41 of 104 PAD patients (39.4%). However, circulating levels of sST2 did not predict the primary endpoint in PAD patients (HR 1.1, 95% CI 0.76–1.71,p= 0.527).

Conclusion:sST2 is associated with soluble P-selectin and monocyte TF expression in atherosclerosis but not with ischemic outcomes following infrainguinal angioplasty with stent implantation for PAD.
Case Report: Expanding the Genetic and Phenotypic Spectrum of Autosomal Recessive Spastic Ataxia of Charlevoix-Saguenay
Authors: Habibzadeh Parham , Tabatabaei Zahra , Inaloo Soroor , Nashatizadeh Muhammad Mahdi , Synofzik Matthis , Ostovan Vahid Reza , Faghihi Mohammad Ali
Published: December 2020

Autosomal recessive spastic ataxia of Charlevoix–Saguenay (ARSACS) is a rare neurodegenerative disorder caused by biallelic mutations in the SACS gene. Once thought to be limited to Charlevoix–Saguenay region of Quebec, recent evidence has indicated that this disorder is present worldwide. It is classically characterized by the triad of ataxia, pyramidal involvement, and axonal-demyelinating sensorimotor neuropathy. However, diverse clinical features have been reported to be associated with this disorder. In this report, we present the first Iranian family affected by ARSACS with unique clinical features (mirror movements, hypokinesia/bradykinesia, and rigidity) harboring a novel deletion mutation in the SACS gene. Our findings expand the genetic and phenotypic spectrum of this disorder.
Identification of Hub Genes Associated With Development and Microenvironment of Hepatocellular Carcinoma by Weighted Gene Co-expression Network Analysis and Differential Gene Expression Analysis
Authors: Bai Qingquan , Liu Haoling , Guo Hongyu , Lin Han , Song Xuan , Jin Ye , Liu Yao , Guo Hongrui , Liang Shuhang , Song Ruipeng , Wang Jiabei , Qu Zhibo , Guo Huaxin , Jiang Hongchi , Liu Lianxin , Yang Haiyan
Published: December 2020

A further understanding of the molecular mechanism of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is necessary to predict a patient’s prognosis and develop new targeted gene drugs. This study aims to identify essential genes related to HCC. We used the Weighted Gene Co-expression Network Analysis (WGCNA) and differential gene expression analysis to analyze the gene expression profile of GSE45114 in the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database and The Cancer Genome Atlas database (TCGA). A total of 37 overlapping genes were extracted from four groups of results. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway and Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analyses were performed on the 37 overlapping genes. Then, we used the STRING database to map the protein interaction (PPI) network of 37 overlapping genes. Ten hub genes were screened according to the Maximal Clique Centrality (MCC) score using the Cytohubba plugin of Cytoscape (including FOS, EGR1, EPHA2, DUSP1, IGFBP3, SOCS2, ID1, DUSP6, MT1G, and MT1H). Most hub genes show a significant association with immune infiltration types and tumor stemness of microenvironment in HCC. According to Univariate Cox regression analysis and Kaplan-Meier survival estimation, SOCS2 was positively correlated with overall survival (OS), and IGFBP3 was negatively correlated with OS. Moreover, the expression of IGFBP3 increased with the increase of the clinical stage, while the expression of SOCS2 decreased with the increase of the clinical stage. In conclusion, our findings suggest that SOCS2 and IGFBP3 may play an essential role in the development of HCC and may serve as a potential biomarker for future diagnosis and treatment.
Single-Cell Transcriptomics Reveals That Metabolites Produced by Paenibacillus bovis sp. nov. BD3526 Ameliorate Type 2 Diabetes in GK Rats by Downregulating the Inflammatory Response
Authors: Qiao Zhenyi , Wang Xiaohua , Zhang Huanchang , Han Jin , Feng Huafeng , Wu Zhengjun
Published: December 2020

Chronic low-grade inflammation is widely involved in the development and progression of metabolic syndrome, which can lead to type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Dysregulation of proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines not only impairs insulin secretion by pancreatic β-cells but also results in systemic complications in late diabetes. In our previous work, metabolites produced by Paenibacillus bovis sp. nov. BD3526, which were isolated from Tibetan yak milk, demonstrated antidiabetic effects in Goto–Kakizaki (GK) rats. In this work, we used single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) to further explore the impact of BD3526 metabolites on the intestinal cell composition of GK rats. Oral administration of the metabolites significantly reduced the number of adipocytes in the colon tissue of GK rats. In addition, cluster analysis of immune cells confirmed that the metabolites reduced the expression of interleukin (IL)-1β in macrophages in the colon and increased the numbers of dendritic cells (DCs) and regulatory T (Treg) cells. Further mechanistic studies of DCs confirmed that activation of the WNT/β-catenin pathway in DCs promoted the expression of IL-10 and transforming growth factor (TGF)-β, thereby increasing the number of Treg cells.
Immunopathogenesis and Cellular Interactions in Human T-Cell Leukemia Virus Type 1 Associated Myelopathy/Tropical Spastic Paraparesis
Authors: Aghajanian Sepehr , Teymoori-Rad Majid , Molaverdi Ghazale , Mozhgani Sayed-Hamidreza
Published: December 2020

HTLV-1-Associated Myelopathy/Tropical Spastic Paraparesis (HAM/TSP) is a neuropathological disorder in 1–3% of individuals infected with Human T-lymphotropic virus 1 (HTLV-1). This condition is characterized by progressive spastic lower limb weakness and paralysis, lower back pain, bladder incontinence, and mild sensory disturbances resembling spinal forms of multiple sclerosis. This disease also causes chronic disability and is therefore associated with high health burden in areas where HTLV-1 infection is endemic. Despite various efforts in understanding the virus and discovery of novel diagnostic markers, and cellular and viral interactions, HAM/TSP management is still unsatisfactory and mainly focused on symptomatic alleviation, and it hasn’t been explained why only a minority of the virus carriers develop HAM/TSP. This comprehensive review focuses on host and viral factors in association with immunopathology of the disease in hope of providing new insights for drug therapies or other forms of intervention.
Increased Anxiety-Like Behavior in the Acute Phase of a Preclinical Model of Periodontal Disease
Authors: Varotto Bruna Luiza Roim , Martinez Raquel Chacon Ruiz , Gouveia Flavia Venetucci , Antunes Geiza Fernanda , Fabri Gisele Maria de Campos , Ballester Gerson , Antequera Reynaldo , de Siqueira Silvia Regina Dowgan Tesseroli , Fonoff Erich Talamoni , Teixeira Manoel Jacobsen , de Siqueira José Tadeu Tesseroli
Published: December 2020

Periodontal disease (PD) is an infectious-inflammatory oral disease that is highly prevalent among adolescence and adulthood and can lead to chronic orofacial pain and be associated with anxiety, stress and depression. This study aimed to identify anxiety-like behaviors in the ligature-induced murine preclinical model of PD in different phases of the disease (i.e., acute vs. chronic). Also, we investigated orofacial mechanical allodynia thresholds and superficial cortical plasticity along the orofacial motor cortex in both disease phases. To this aim, 25 male Wistar rats were randomly allocated in acute (14 days) or chronic (28 days) ligature-induced-PD groups and further divided into active-PD or sham-PD. Anxiety-like behavior was evaluated using the elevated plus maze, mechanical allodynia assessed using the von Frey filaments test and superficial motor cortex mapping was performed with electrical transdural stimulation. We observed increased anxiety-like behavior in active-PD animals in the acute phase, characterized by decreased number of entries into the open arm extremities [t(1,7) = 2.42, p = 0.04], and reduced time spent in the open arms [t(1,7) = 3.56, p = 0.01] and in the open arm extremities [t(1,7) = 2.75, p = 0.03]. There was also a reduction in the mechanical allodynia threshold in all active-PD animals [Acute: t(1,7) = 8.81, p < 0.001; Chronic: t(1,6) = 60.0, p < 0.001], that was positively correlated with anxiety-like behaviors in the acute group. No differences were observed in motor cortex mapping. Thus, our findings show the presence of anxiety-like behaviors in the acute phase of PD making this a suitable model to study the impact of anxiety in treatment response and treatment efficacy.
Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasias Presenting in the Newborn and Young Infant
Authors: Balsamo Antonio , Baronio Federico , Ortolano Rita , Menabo Soara , Baldazzi Lilia , Di Natale Valeria , Vissani Sofia , Cassio Alessandra
Published: December 2020

Congenital adrenal hyperplasia includes autosomal recessive conditions that affect the adrenal cortex steroidogenic enzymes (cholesterol side-chain cleavage enzyme; 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase; 17α-hydroxylase/17,20 lyase; P450 oxidoreductase; 21-hydroxylase; and 11β-hydroxylase) and proteins (steroidogenic acute regulatory protein). These are located within the three major pathways of the steroidogenic apparatus involved in the production of mineralocorticoids, glucocorticoids, and androgens. Many countries have introduced newborn screening program (NSP) based on 17-OH-progesterone (17-OHP) immunoassays on dried blood spots, which enable faster diagnosis and treatment of the most severe forms of 21-hydroxylase deficiency (21-OHD). However, in several others, the use of this diagnostic tool has not yet been implemented and clinical diagnosis remains challenging, especially for males. Furthermore, less severe classic forms of 21-OHD and other rarer types of CAHs are not identified by NSP. The aim of this mini review is to highlight both the main clinical characteristics and therapeutic options of these conditions, which may be useful for a differential diagnosis in the neonatal period, while contributing to the biochemical evolution taking place in the steroidogenic field. Currently, chromatographic techniques coupled with tandem mass spectrometry are gaining attention due to an increase in the reliability of the test results of NPS for detecting 21-OHD. Furthermore, the possibility of identifying CAH patients that are not affected by 21-OHD but presenting elevated levels of 17-OHP by NSP and the opportunity to include the recently investigated 11-oxygenated androgens in the steroid profiles are promising tools for a more precise diagnosis and monitoring of some of these conditions.
Case Report: Healing a Traumatic Birth
Authors: Klaus Phyllis
Published: December 2020

One needs to recognize that the perinatal period is a vulnerable time where negative attitudes, words and actions can have an emotionally damaging effect on birthing women, who are especially sensitive to how they are treated, because of their high oxytocin levels. This case report depicts a traumatic birth in which the mother was needlessly separated from her baby and also harshly treated by the personnel, which had an emotionally devastating impact on the mother/baby relationship. This case report will demonstrate how psychotherapy was used to heal this distress.
Acute and Post-traumatic Stress Disorder Symptoms in Mothers and Fathers Following Childbirth: A Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Schobinger Elisabeth , Stuijfzand Suzannah , Horsch Antje
Published: December 2020

Introduction

Up to 30% of women view their childbirth as traumatic. This experience can lead to acute stress disorder or post-traumatic stress disorder. The negative impact of maternal post-traumatic stress disorder following childbirth reaches beyond the mother, potentially affecting her child's development and the couple's relationship. Research on paternal post-traumatic stress disorder following childbirth is scarce. Acute stress disorder is suggested to be an important predictor of post-traumatic stress disorder in mothers, but little is known about paternal acute stress disorder following childbirth. Furthermore, there is limited information about the comparison or relation of acute stress disorder and post-traumatic stress disorder following childbirth between parents.

Aim

[1] To compare the prevalence rates and severity of acute stress disorder and post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms between parents following childbirth by taking anxiety and depression symptoms, as well as obstetric variables and previous traumatic events into account and [2] To determine if acute stress disorder is a predictor of post-traumatic stress disorder.

Method

A prospective population-based design was used. N = 647 participants were recruited from future parents who attended appointments at the Obstetrics and Gynecology unit at a Swiss university hospital. Self-report questionnaires were used: Post-traumatic Diagnostic Scale in the third trimester of pregnancy (T1) and 1 month post-partum (T3), Acute Stress Disorder Scale at 1 week post-partum (T2), and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale at all time points. Obstetric and neonatal variables were retrieved from hospital records.

Results

At T2, 8.9% of mothers and 4.4% of fathers presented symptoms of acute stress disorder. At T3, 20.7% of mothers and 7.2% of fathers had symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder. Acute stress disorder was a predictor of post-partum post-traumatic stress disorder (Odds ratio: 8.6, IC 95% [1.85; 40.42]). Depression symptoms was a significant confounder in the prediction of post-traumatic stress disorder following childbirth, but not anxiety or previous perinatal loss.

Conclusion

Little is known about parental differences in acute stress disorder and post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms following childbirth. Results indicate that both parents may suffer from acute stress disorder and post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms after childbirth and that acute stress disorder is a predictor of post-traumatic stress disorder after childbirth for both parents. Sensitization of maternity staff to these results may assist in earlier identification of and appropriate treatment for at-risk parents.
Comparing the Impact of COVID-19-Related Social Distancing on Mood and Psychiatric Indicators in Sexual and Gender Minority (SGM) and Non-SGM Individuals
Authors: Rodriguez-Seijas Craig , Fields Eric C. , Bottary Ryan , Kark Sarah M. , Goldstein Michael R. , Kensinger Elizabeth A. , Payne Jessica D. , Cunningham Tony J.
Published: December 2020

Empirical evidence demonstrates mental health disparities between sexual and gender minority individuals (SGM) compared with cisgender heterosexual individuals. SGM individuals report elevated rates of emotional distress, symptoms related to mood and anxiety disorders, self-harm, and suicidal ideation and behavior. Social support is inversely related to psychiatric symptoms, regardless of SGM status. The COVID-19 pandemic—with its associated limited social interactions—represents an unprecedented period of acute distress with potential reductions in accessibility of social support, which might be of particular concern for SGM individuals' mental well-being. In the present study, we explored the extent to which potential changes in mental health outcomes (depressive symptoms, worry, perceived stress, positive and negative affect) throughout the duration of the pandemic were related to differences in perceptions of social support and engagement in virtual social activity, as a function of SGM status. Utilizing a large sample of US adults (N = 1,014; 18% reported SGM status), we assessed psychiatric symptoms, perceptions of social isolation, and amount of time spent socializing virtually at 3 time windows during the pandemic (between March 21 and May 21). Although SGM individuals reported greater levels of depression compared with non-SGM individuals at all 3 time points, there was no interaction between time and SGM status. Across all participants, mental health outcomes improved across time. Perceived social isolation was associated with poorer mental health outcomes. Further, time spent engaging in virtual socialization was associated with reduced depression, but only for those in self-reported quarantine. We discuss these results in terms of the nature of our sample and its impact on the generalizability of these findings to other SGM samples as well as directions for future research aimed at understanding potential health disparities in the face of the COVID-19 pandemic.
Binding Interactions of Peptide Aptamers
Authors: New Roger R. C. , Bui Tam T. T. , Bogus Michal
Published: December 2020

Peptide aptamers are short amino acid chains that are capable of binding specifically to ligands in the same way as their much larger counterparts, antibodies. Ligands of therapeutic interest that can be targeted are other peptide chains or loops located on the surface of protein receptors (e.g., GCPR), which take part in cell-to-cell communications either directly or via the intermediary of hormones or signalling molecules. To confer on aptamers the same sort of conformational rigidity that characterises an antibody binding site, aptamers are often constructed in the form of cyclic peptides, on the assumption that this will encourage stronger binding interactions than would occur if the aptamers were simply linear chains. However, no formal studies have been conducted to confirm the hypothesis that linear peptides will engage in stronger binding interactions with cyclic peptides than with other linear peptides. In this study, the interaction of a model cyclic decamer with a series of linear peptide constructs was compared with that of a linear peptide with the same sequence, showing that the cyclic configuration does confer benefits by increasing the strength of binding.
Middle Jurassic sandstone deposition in the Wandel Sea Basin: evidence from cardioceratid and kosmoceratid ammonites in the Mågensfjeld Formation in Kilen, North Greenland
Authors: Alsen Peter , Hovikoski Jussi , Svennevig Kristian
Published: December 2020

Age assessments from both palynostratigraphy and macrofossil biostratigraphy of the sandstone-dominated Mågensfjeld Formation, Wandel Sea Basin, North Greenland were hitherto hampered by post-burial thermal degradation of dinoflagellate cysts and a lack of well-preserved macrofossils. The formation was previously assigned to the Upper Cretaceous based on erroneous fossil identifications. Finds of cardioceratid and kosmoceratid ammonites during recent field work now provide the first age control of the unit, demonstrating it to be of late Bajocian – late Bathonian and perhaps Callovian (Middle Jurassic) age. This makes it among the oldest Jurassic units, perhaps even Mesozoic units, recorded in Kilen, North Greenland and eastern North Greenland. Previously, the complex structural and tectonic evolution of the area was poorly understood, and the structural relation of the Mågensfjeld Formation to the surrounding Mesozoic units was a puzzle. The new age assessment simplifies the structural situation in the area significantly. Further, the inference of a large reverse fault previously required to explain the proximity of the Mågensfjeld Formation to neighbouring Jurassic units is now unnecessary. The data show that the Wandel Sea Basin was influenced by the Middle Jurassic transgression and had sufficient accommodation space for marine deposition earlier than previously thought. The unit serves as a key datapoint and analogue for possible Middle Jurassic units in adjacent offshore basins.
Percepciones de la evaluación clínica objetiva estructurada en profesores y estudiantes de una universidad colombiana
Authors: Cardona-Arias Jaiberth Antonio , Jaramillo-Caro Ana María
Published: December 2020

La ECOE (evaluación clínica objetiva estructurada) presenta alta validez y reproducibilidad en la evaluación de competencias clínicas; en Colombia es poco aplicada. Esta investigación analizó las percepciones vinculadas a la ECOE en profesores y estudiantes de la Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia, mediante un estudio mixto secuencial (transversal y etnometodológico), en el cual se construyó y validó una escala sobre percepciones. Los análisis se realizaron con estadísticos descriptivos, pruebas de hipótesis y una aproximación hermenéutica. Se hallaron elevados puntajes en las dimensiones Oportunidades de la ECOE, Conocimientos y habilidades que fomenta la prueba y Valoración de los métodos inherentes al examen; los resultados más bajos se hallaron en la dimensión de Sentimientos positivos. En el componente hermenéutico se identificaron categorías referidas al diseño de los casos clínicos, un componente emocional ligado al examen, factibilidad y viabilidad de la prueba, y relevancia de la validación de las rúbricas. Se concluye que la población de estudio muestra percepciones favorables sobre las características pedagógicas y didácticas de la ECOE, al tiempo que se identificaron como principales retos la unificación de criterios de evaluación por competencias de cada una de las áreas clínicas incluidas.
Relación de habilidades sociales y tipos de familia en preescolares: estudio de caso
Authors: Horna-Clavo Edilberto , Bazalar-Palacios Janina , Arhuis-Inca Wendy
Published: December 2020

El ser humano desde el momento que nace desarrolla habilidades sociales; así las cosas, el objetivo del presente estudio fue determinar la relación entre habilidades sociales y el tipo de familia, en niños en edad preescolar de la ciudad de Trujillo. El estudio fue descriptivo y transversal, realizado en dos comunidades (La Esperanza y el Porvenir), pertenecientes a una ciudad norteña del Perú. Se incluyó a 68 padres de familia de niños preescolares (4 años = 30 | 5 años = 38). La variable de interés fue habilidades sociales (tiene/no tiene), la covariable fue tipo de familia (nuclear/extendida) e ingreso familiar (≤732, 733-1352 y ≥1353); además, se realizó análisis bivariado, utilizando el modelo lineal generalizado (GLM) de la familia de Binomial, y función de enlace log para el cálculo de razones de prevalencia crudas (RP). Como principal hallazgo, se encontró que la razón de la prevalencia de habilidades sociales en el grupo de niños que pertenecen a una familia extendida es mayor, respecto a los niños de familia nuclear [RP=1,16; IC95%: 0,68-2,00]. Se concluye que los niños de familia extendida desarrollan mejor sus habilidades sociales que aquellos de hogares nucleares.
Aproximaciones de la educación en la virtualidad como pedagogía de la comunicación
Authors: Puerta Gil Carlos Augusto , Rendón Urrea Diego Luis , Roldán López Nelson Darío , Vélez Holguín Rosa María
Published: December 2020

El presente artículo surgió del interés de identificar la relación entre una pedagogía de la comunicación con la práctica de la modalidad educación virtual, mediada por las tecnologías de la información y la comunicación –TIC-, tomando como caso la Fundación Universitaria Católica del Norte. La metodología propuesta fue cualitativa con el fin de comprender, analizar e interpretar el objeto de estudio de manera exploratoria. El análisis de los resultados y conclusiones dio cuenta de la prevalencia de la comunicación en todas las categorías del estudio (pedagogía en la virtualidad, experiencia desde el saber hacer, potenciación de los aprendizajes y la evaluación de aprendizajes en la virtualidad), lo cual soporta el planteamiento de que históricamente la Fundación Universitaria Católica del Norte ha basado su virtualidad en un enfoque de pedagogía desde la comunicación, que se concreta a través de la mediación educomunicativa de las TIC; en concreto, la virtualidad es un acto relacional y dialógico de enseñanza y aprendizaje en que toma valor superlativo la comunicación.
Da sexualidade das avós e de suas netas
Authors: Ubeda Elza Maria L. , Carvalho Maria das Graças B , Gomes Romeu
Published: December 2020

O artigo tem como objetivo analisar o significado da sexualidade em três gerações. A coleta dos dados se apoiou em entrevis tas de pro­ fundidade, dentro de uma perspectiva de pesquisa qualitativa. Foram es­ tudados cinco grupos, compostos cada um de uma adolescente, sua mãe e a avó, perfazendo, assim, quinze entrevistadas, residentes no município de São Carlos-SP. A interpretação das entrevistas baseou-se em aspectos da Técnica de Análise de Conteúdo, modalidade Temática. Entre os prin­cipais resultados do estudo, co nclu i-se que nas três gerações encontram­ se presentes valores morais que, de uma certa forma, regularizam a sexua­ lidade. Entretanto, esses valores não são construídas apenas a partirde um processo de reprodução, mas se atualizam segundo o momento viven­ ciado pelos sujeitos.