bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
SSR Genotypes of the Puccinia triticina in 15 Provinces of China Indicate Regional Migration in One Season from East to West and South to North
Authors: Xu Zhe , Xia Shuang , Liu Bo , Gao Li , Chen Wanquan , Liu Taiguo
Published: February 2021

Leaf rust of wheat caused by Puccinia triticina (Pt) is one of the most
common and widespread fungal diseases which has a wide incidence area,
especially in the southwest and northwest of China, the middle and lower
reaches of the Yangtze river, and the southern part of the
Huang-huai-hai river basin. To explore the relationship between the
epidemic flora of leaf rust and transmission, a total of 709 isolates
from Beijing, Hebei, Henan, Shandong, Shanxi, Shaanxi, Anhui, Jiangsu,
Hubei, Yunnan, Sichuan, Gansu, Qinghai, Heilongjiang, Inner Mongolia 15
provinces was genotyped using 13 simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers.
The Puccinia triticina populations from the 15 provinces were obviously
divided into three predominant populations including the eastern Pt
populations consisting of Pt samples from eight eastern provinces of
Beijing, Hebei, Shandong, Anhui, Henan, Shanxi, Shaanxi and
Heilongjiang; the four western Pt populations from Gansu, Sichuan,
Qinghai and Inner Mongolia provinces; and the bridge Pt populations
including Pt samples from Jiangsu, Hubei and Yunnan provinces which were
communicated with the other two populations as a “bridge”. And the
pathogen source transmission of eastern Pt populations was more frequent
than western Pt populations. The linkage disequilibrium test indicated
that the whole Pt population was linkage disequilibrium. Beijing, Hebei,
Shaanxi, Jiangsu, Henan and Heilongjiang provinces were showed obviously
linkage equilibrium phenomena while the five provinces of Qinghai,
Hubei, Anhui, Shandong and Inner Mongolia were supported clonal mode of
reproductions. In addition, provinces of Shanxi, Yunnan, Gansu, and
Sichuan showed weak linkage disequilibrium phenomena. We systematically
revealed the genotypic diversities, population differentiation and
reproduction of P. triticina in 15 wheat producing areas in China.
Optimising sampling design and sequencing strategy for the genomic analysis of quantitative traits in natural populations
Authors: Paril Jefferson , Balding David , Fournier-Level Alexandre
Published: February 2021

Mapping the genes underlying ecologically-relevant traits in natural
populations is fundamental to develop a molecular understanding of
species adaptation. Current sequencing technologies enable the
characterisation of a species’ genetic diversity across the landscape or
even over its whole range. The relevant capture of the genetic diversity
across the landscape is critical for a successful genetic mapping of
traits and there are no clear guidelines on how to achieve an optimal
sampling and which sequencing strategy to implement. Here we determine
through simulation, the sampling scheme that maximises the power to map
the genetic basis of a complex trait in an outbreeding species across an
idealised landscape and draw genomic predictions for the trait,
comparing individual and pool sequencing strategies. Our results show
that QTL detection power and prediction accuracy are higher when more
populations over the landscape are sampled and this is more
cost-effectively done with pool sequencing than with individual
sequencing. Additionally, we recommend sampling populations from areas
of high genetic diversity. As progress in sequencing enables the
integration of trait-based functional ecology into landscape genomics
studies, these findings will guide study designs allowing direct
measures of genetic effects in natural populations across the
environment.
Red blood cell alloimmunization in pregnancy: A 10-year single-center study
Authors: Bujandric Nevenka , Grujic Jasmina , Budakov-Obradovic Zorana
Published: February 2021

Background/Aim. Pregnancy-induced red blood cell (RBC) alloimmunization is important not only because of the possible negative effects on subsequent pregnancy outcomes in case the fetus carries the antigen but also because of the optimal trans-fusion management in cases of obstetric hemorrhage. Timely detection of RBC antibodies is part of testing, prevention, and treatment strategy, aimed at achieving better outcomes for alloimmunized mothers with an affected fetus. The aim of the study was to determine the frequency and specificity of alloantibodies among pregnant women from the South Backa District, Serbia, with special attention to the incidence of anti-D alloantibodies. Methods. A retrospective study was conducted in the Blood Transfusion Institute of Vojvodina and covered the period from January 1, 2010, to December 31, 2019. Screening and antibody identification were performed by an indirect antiglobulin test in gel-microcards (ID-Card Liss/Coombs) with two test RBC (ID-DiaCell I-II screening cells, Bio-Rad, Cressier, Switzerland) on an automated system (IH-500, Bio-Rad). Results. Among 25,694 tested pregnant women, 1.38% were actively immunized, while 1.12% of women acquired antibodies in the current pregnancy. Among 3,622 (14.09%) RhD-negative women, 1.77% produced anti-D antibodies during the ongoing pregnancy. Distribution of anti-body specificity was: anti-D 23.34%, anti-M 11.85%, anti-E 9.41%, anti-K 9.41%, anti-C 5.92%, anti-Fyb 5.92%, anti-c 3.13%, anti-S 3.13%, anti-Lea 3.13%, anti-Leb 3.13%, anti-Cw 1.75%, anti-Jka 1.40%, anti-P 1.05%, anti-Lub 0.70%, anti-Fya 0.35%, autoantibody of undetermined specificity 0.70%, and irregular antibodies of undetermined specificity 15.68%. Conclusion. Immunoglobulin prophylaxis has led to a significant reduction in the frequency of D-alloimmunization among pregnant women in the South Backa District over the last ten years. However, the incidence of anti-D antibodies is still significantly higher than in published data for developed countries. We also identified the other, less commonly present, clinically significant antibodies. There is a need to introduce uniform recommendations for immunohematological testing in pregnancy on the territory of the Republic of Serbia in accordance with modern requirements.
Antimicrobial properties, mechanics, and fluoride release of ionomeric cements modified by red propolis
Authors: de Morais Sampaio Gêisa Aiane , Lacerda-Santos Rogério , Cavalcanti Yuri Wanderley , Vieira Gustavo Henrique Apolinário , Nonaka Cassiano Francisco Weege , Alves Pollianna Muniz
Published: February 2021

Objectives

To evaluate the antimicrobial activity, mechanical properties, and fluoride release capacity of glass ionomer cement (GIC) used for cementing orthodontic bands and modified by ethanolic extract of red propolis (EERP) in different concentrations.

Materials and Methods

Two orthodontic GICs containing EERP at 10%, 25%, and 50%, were used. The following assays were carried out: cell viability tests against Streptococcus mutans and Candida albicans, diametral tensile strength, compressive strength, shear bond strength, microhardness, and fluoride release capacity. The statistical analyses of the antimicrobial tests, fluoride release, diametral tensile strength, compressive strength, and microhardness were performed using two-way analysis of variance and Tukey test (P < .05). Shear bond strength data were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance followed by Tukey test (P < .05).

Results

At the concentrations of 25% and 50%, EERP was shown to be a promising antimicrobial agent incorporated into GICs against C albicans (P < .001) and S mutans (P < .001). The fluoride release capacity of the GICs was not affected, and the EERP concentration of 25% was the one that least affected the mechanical properties of the cements (P > .05).

Conclusions

The GICs containing EERP at 25% showed a significant increase in their antimicrobial activity against S mutans and C albicans, while mechanical properties and fluoride release remained without significant changes.
Representation and Government
Authors: De Vries Catherine E. , Hobolt Sara B.
Published: February 2021

This chapter highlights the impact of the rise of challenger parties on both representation and responsible government. It begins by examining whether voters are more mobilized and feel more represented in systems with greater choice and more challenger parties. The chapter also looks at how the rise of a new challenger, the Alternative for Germany, on the far right in German politics has had a mobilizing effect on citizens. It then turns to the effect on government stability. The chapter shows that it is more difficult to form a government as the share of challenger parties rises and, importantly, the governments that are formed are less stable. Finally, it discusses the specific examples of government formation in Belgium and government instability in the Netherlands.
Introduction
Authors: Peebles P. J. E.
Published: February 2021

This introductory chapter provides an overview of cosmology. The starting assumption for cosmology, as in all branches of natural science, is that nature operates by kinds of logic and rules that one can discover by careful examination of what is observed, informed by past experience of what has worked. But despite the many demonstrations of its power, physics, along with all the rest of natural science, is incomplete. Research in cosmology in the twentieth century usually was done in small groups, often an individual working alone or maybe with a colleague or a student or two. In the twenty-first century, ongoing research in cosmology grew richer and called for larger groups to develop special-purpose equipment for data acquisition, which in turn called for groups of comparable size to reduce the data and interpret it. Big Science has become important to this subject: One has to get used to gathering data in vast amounts, analyzing these data, and employing massive numerical simulations that help bridge the gap between theory and observation. This book provides an account of how cosmology grew, presenting histories of six lines of research that were developing more or less separately.
Nonbaryonic Dark Matter
Authors: Peebles P. J. E.
Published: February 2021

This chapter discusses the particle physicists' considerations of nonbaryonic matter. It takes into account the condition that if this nonbaryonic matter were produced in the hot early stages of expansion of the universe, then its remnant mass density must not exceed that allowed by the relativistic big bang cosmological model (again, assuming the relativistic theory). But it is notable that cosmologists took over the notion of nonbaryonic dark matter before the particle physics community had taken much interest in the astronomers' evidence of the presence of subluminal matter. The nonbaryonic dark matter most broadly discussed in the 1980s came in two varieties, cold and hot. The latter would be one of the known class of neutrinos with rest mass of a few tens of electron volts. The initially hot (meaning rapidly streaming) neutrinos in the early universe would have smoothed the mass distribution, and that smoothing would have tended to cause the first generation of structure to be massive systems that must have fragmented to form galaxies.
The 1998–2003 Revolution
Authors: Peebles P. J. E.
Published: February 2021

This chapter looks at the change in the state of empirical cosmology in the five years from 1998 to 2003, which was great enough to be termed a revolution. It was driven by the two great experimental advances. The first is the measurement of the relation between the redshift of the spectrum of an object and its brightness in the sky, given its luminosity: the cosmological redshift–magnitude relation. The second is the detailed mapping of the angular distribution of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) radiation. The two programs reached the precision needed for significant constraints on cosmological models at essentially the same time. Quick acceptance of their interpretation was driven by the impressive consistency of implications of these two quite different ways to look at the universe and, equally important, by the consistency with other lines of evidence gathered in the years of research before the revolution.
Thinking Democracy
Authors: Conway Martin
Published: February 2021

This chapter examines the reasons for the silence that surrounded the term democracy in 1945, and analyses how a discussion about democracy did gradually develop, often in rather guarded ways, during the post-war years. That debate revealed many nuances of emphasis, which reflected the diversity of national and ideological traditions within Europe. But it was also remarkably unitary. This might appear surprising: Socialists and Christian Democrats, for example, had set off from very different starting points, and over the previous half-century had articulated opposing visions of democracy, when not rejecting it entirely. Yet, after 1945, there was a marked convergence in their conception of democracy, of how it should operate, and more especially of the dangers that needed to be averted. As a consequence, Western Europe arrived during the post-war years at something close to an agreed model of democracy.
Contesting Democracy
Authors: Conway Martin
Published: February 2021

This chapter assesses the different discourses about Western European democracy that developed during the 1960s—some of which contributed to the radicalism of 1968, while others emphatically did not. The dissenting voices of the 1960s focused on the perceived failings of the existing political structures, questioning whether the vertical hierarchies of representation through parliaments, parties, and interest groups were the best means of achieving the goals of individual freedom, social justice, and a participatory democratic culture. But debates about means also became debates about ends. In particular, a radical cultural and political critique emerged that questioned the forms of authority—explicit and implicit—within modern societies. This also challenged the nature of the post-war settlement. Far from creating a new democratic culture, the changes after 1945, these critics argued, had dismantled the authoritarian regimes while retaining the edifice of state power, and a society of regimented and limited freedoms.
COMMUNITY PARTICIPATION IN WASTE MANAGEMENT IN BATUNUNGGAL INDAH RESIDENSIAL AREA, BANDUNG, INDONESIA
Authors: Rochaeni Anni , Ismaria Ria , Sulaeman Dede , Nurfryatna Bryan Yogi
Published: February 2021

Batununggal Indah housing still faces obstacles in waste management due to the low awareness of the community to separate and sort waste. Therefore, this area is the target of implementing waste management assistance carried out by the Bandung City Environment and Sanitation Service (DLHK) in collaboration with the City Government of Kawasaki, Japan. This study aims to evaluate the implementation of the waste management program in Permai and Jelita Clusters by identifying activities, changing community behavior and calculating changes in the amount of waste that is disposed of at the final disposal site. The evaluation results show that the main activity that has been carried out is a social approach in the form of workshops and counseling. Measurement of waste generation shows a decrease in the weight of generated waste that is disposed of at the final disposal site, indicating that waste separation has been practiced. This decrease is still insignificant because the community has not consistently carried out sorting behavior, so it needs sustainable encouragement.
PENGARUH DOSIS PUPUK KANDANG AYAM YANG DIBERIKAN DENGAN CARA YANG BERBEDA TERHADAP SIFAT TANAH DAN HASIL TANAMAN SELADA (Lactuca sativa L.) DI MEDIA GAMBUT
Authors: Hidayat Arif , Aryanti Ervina , Mahmud Yusmar
Published: February 2021

Manure is a fertilizer derived from animal manure, which can improve the structure of peat soil and provide nutrients for lettuce plants (Lactuca sativa L.). Peat soil is a type of soil that has many obstacles in cultivation including acidic pH, low nutrient availability such as N, P, and K. Manure can be used in solid and liquid forms. This study aims to determine the dosage and the appropriate way of giving chicken manure to the yield of lettuce and the nature of the soil after being given chicken manure. This research has been carried out from April to June 2018 on experimental land, Agronomy Laboratory. This study used a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 7 treatments namely without fertilizer application (control), 37.5 g solid fertilizer of chicken manure, 75 g solid fertilizer of chicken manure, 112.5 g solid fertilizer of chicken manure, 37.5 g of solid fertilizer thawed chicken manure,75 g of solid fertilizer thawed chicken manure, 112.5 g of solid fertilizer thawed chicken manure. The results showed that 112.5 g  solid manure from chicken manure was the appropriate dose to increase the growth of lettuce plants, namely plant height (15.48 cm), leaf width (11.60 cm), number of leaves (11.00 strands), weight plant (37.83 g), weight root plant (3.48 g), and increasing the total N content of the soil (0.40%).
Pengaruh Herbisida Metil Metsulfuron dan Kombinasinya pada Pengendalian Gulma Tanaman Tebu (Saccharum officinarum L.)
Authors: Setiawan Muhammad Aziz , Sari Sismita , Syofian Mirodi
Published: February 2021

Weed control must use the right dose of herbicide so as not to leave a residual effect on cultivated plants and soil. This study ains to obtain the most appropriate dose of herbicide. Herbicide used in this study were methyl methulfuron and acetic acid combined. This study used a randomized block design (RCBD) witch 2 factors, factor A was asetic acid and factor B was methyl methulfuron and there were 12 treatment combinations with 3 replications. This research was conducted in the practicum of the Departement of Plantation Plant Cultivation, Lampung State Polytechnic. The total research plot was 36 experimentals units. The dosage levels levels of methyl methulfuron tested in this study were: 0%, 55%, 75%, and 105%. While the dose of acetic acid is: 0%, 50%, and 70%. Observations made in this study were weed vegetation analysis, weed cover percent, weed dry weight, Summed Dominance Ratio (SDR), and Community Coefficient Value (C). SDR values indicate that Panicum dicotomyflorum weed, Ricardia brasiliensis, Euphorbia heterophyla, and Cyperus rotundus are the dominant weeds. The results of this study indicate that there is no effect on the dose of methyl methulfuron herbicide, acetic acid, and interactions on methyl methulfuron herbicide and acetic acid on weed control in sugarcane fields (Saccharum officinarum L.).
ANALISIS KLASTER DURIAN (Durio zibethinus Murr.) UNGGUL LOKAL DI KABUPATEN JEMBER DAN BANYUWANGI
Authors: Sari Vega Kartika , Rosdiana Eva , Asmono Sepdian Luri
Published: February 2021

Indonesia is one of the centers of durian diversity in the world and one of the regions that makes durian a superior local fruit crop is Jember and Banyuwangi. Clustering is useful to facilitate the search for certain features of the type of durian. This study aims to determine the durian grouping in two districts namely Jember and Banyuwangi. The materials used were local superior durian fruit and characterization questionnaire. Research using descriptive methods. Characterization data will be analyzed using NTSYS software.The results showed that local superior durian fruit were grouped into 2 groups based on morphological characters. Cluster 1 consists of 4 durians namely Klemben, Hijau, Bajul, and Lambau. Cluster 2 only consists of durian Musang King. Based on the chemical content of durian fruit, durian Lambau from Jember has the highest water content of 75.52%, Musang King from Banyuwangi has a fat content (2.29%), Bajul from Jember has the highest fiber content (11.89%), and Hijau from Banyuwangi has the highest protein (3.14%) and sugar (26.08%) content. Based on PCA showed that Musang King and Hijau have similirity on some morphological characters and chemical fruit contents. The results of correlation analysis of morphological characters and chemical content of durian fruit showed that leaf length was positively correlated with leaf width and protein content. Leaf width is positively correlated with sugar content. Fruit weight is positively correlated with water content.
METODE MYER BRIGGS TYPE INDICATOR (MBTI) UNTUK TES KEPRIBADIAN SEBAGAI MEDIA PENGEMBANGAN DIRI
Authors: Laksono Wisnu Agung , Astuti Yuli
Published: February 2021

The MBTI (Myer Briggs Type Indicator) is the most accurate and easy to use inventory personality test. The Personality Test Expert System using the MBTI method is designed to be a guide for information about professions that are in accordance with students' talents and interests so that they can help in determining the appropriate choice of higher education majors. The MBTI Test Expert System application was successfully implemented using the Forward Chaining Method with the PHP programming language. The test results show the application runs in accordance with predetermined specifications. The percentage of eligibility for testing by experts is 92.5% which means good.
Implementasi Rencana Aksi Nasional Bela Negara Berdasarkan Instruksi Presiden Nomor 7 Tahun 2018 Oleh Dewan Ketahanan Nasional Republik Indonesia
Authors: Widiyanto Andika , Hikmawan M Dian , Riswanda Riswanda
Published: February 2021

Ideologi yang merupakan instrumen penting dalam menjadi suatu acuan nilai bagi kehidupan berbangsa dan bernegara serta menjadi nilai yang menjaga keutuhan suatu bangsa. Oleh karena itu, ideologi harus selalu dipahami dengan baik oleh setiap warga negaranya, sehingga dinamika kehidupan berbangsa dan bernegara tidak melenceng dari nilai yang termuat dalam suatu ideologi. Dalam melakukan penguatan pemahaman nilai-nilai Pancasila tentu harus diupayakan oleh pemerintah selaku penyelenggara negara. Lahirnya Instruksi Presiden Nomor 7 Tahun 2018 mengenai Rencana Aksi Nasional Bela Negara, menjadi gambaran bahwa pemerintah tengah mengupayakan penguatan pemahaman nilai-nilai Pancasila yang saat ini mengalami penurunan akibat keteledoran pemerintah yang melaksanakan kegiatan yang bersifat kaku dan monoton. Hal ini tentu menjadi pekerjaan rumah bagi pemerintah beserta masyarakat Indonesia untuk menjaga keutuhan dan kesatuan bangsa. Sebagai contoh, adanya aksi massa yang menonjolkan identitas keagamaan/etnis/kesukuan tentu hal ini menegasikan nilai-nilai persatuan didalam Pancasila.
A Review on PWM Based Multicarrier Multilevel Inverter with Reduced Number of Switches
Authors: Kumar Sandeep , Kumar Abhimanyu
Published: February 2021

With increasing demand for high power energy which is fulfilled by use of semiconductors with higher voltage and current to execute such applications. In order to derive high power from medium power-based semiconductors, multilevel inverters are considered to be best solution with advantages over conventional resources. An advanced multi-level inverter topology is offered to optimize the number of switches and improve THD.
A New Fuzzy Based UPFC Topology for Active Power Enhancement in an offshore Wind Farm
Authors: Rathore Dhanvanti , Singh N K
Published: February 2021

The stability of a power system is the ability of a

power system to restore an operating state of equilibrium for

a given initial operating condition after it has been subjected

to a physical disturbance, most of the variables of the system

being limited so that almost the entire system remains intact.

To create a MATLAB SIMULINK model of odd shore wind

energy system having power being transmitted through DC

transmission system. The first model will have no power flow

controller and second model will have artificial intelligence

based controlling technique. To design a controller for

enhancing the power output from the wind energy system

using UPFC. This will be made to feed DC transmission

system. Finally integrating the system with long distance DC

transmission system and then to the grid so as to make it

more reliable and efficient. In this work a coordinated

control based on Fuzzy logic for UPFC for cluster of offshore

WPP connected to the same HVDC connection is being

implemented and analyzed. The study is targeting

coordination of reactive power flow and active power flow

between HVDC Converter and the WPP cluster while

providing offshore AC grid voltage control. Thus it can be

drawn from this work that while designing a power control

strategy the proposed fuzzy logic based active power

controller in UPFC can serve the purpose with better results

in terms of active as well as reactive power. This control can

also be used in hybrid systems thus making it more reliable

controlling method. The
RESCNN: A Deep Learning Approach for Unmasking Face Mask
Authors: Fatima Bhusra , Jhapate Arun Kumar
Published: February 2021

Due to outbreak of COVID-19 pandemic, the trend of wearing mask is rising all over the world. Before such pandemic people wear mask only to protect themselves from pollution. While other people are self-conscious about their looks, they hide their emotions from the public by hiding their faces. But in current scenario, after pandemic, it is compulsory to wear mask everywhere as researchers and doctors have proved that wearing face masks works on impeding COVID-19 transmission. Nowadays, all attendance system or surveillance systems, etc. are integrated with AI technology in which face recognition is considered as input variable. So, there is need to determine all facial landmarks to recognize an individual. In this research work, Residual Convolution Neural Network (ResCNN), network is designed and simulated which unmasks the face mask present on face and restore mask area and recognize an individual. The result analysis is performed in three different cases or scenario, one normal frontal facial region with mask, in another case the masked face is tilted and in third case the noisy masked face is taken as input. The noise in image occurs due to many physical conditions. The dataset for training of ResCNN is prepared by masking facial images taken from CelebA dataset and MFR datasets to prove the efficiency of the proposed model.
Using CRISPR-Cas9 for Therapeutic Protein Production (Review Article)
Authors: Khan Ashraf Ullah , Ullah Zabi
Published: February 2021

Existence of CRISPR/Cas9 systems in bacteria and archaea has been noted to be the reason for these organisms’ ability to disarm invading nucleic acids. Such immunity is noted to arise from the targeting of the invading nucleic acids by guiding RNAs (sgRNAs), their cleavage by Cas9 (an endonuclease), and their subsequent integration into CRISPR locus. Recent studies have shown that the CRISPR/Cas9 tool can be adopted for gene editing in eukaryotic cells and thus offering potential for its use to treat genetic conditions. In this review, CRISPR/Cas9 has been shown to be an effective genome-editing tool with studies showing efficacy in zygote editing, in-vivo editing of somatic cells and ex-vivo editing of somatic cells. Occurrence of off-target effects however make zygote editing in human cells ethically questionable due to possibility of introducing unwanted mutations that may be passed on to the progeny. Nevertheless, observations that such off-target effects arise mainly from the promiscuity of sgRNAs rather that errors in CRISPR/Cas9 system show promise for increased specificity by developing better sgRNAs.  Such increased specificity will facilitate the adoption of CRISPR/Cas9 for clinical use in treatment of conditions such as β-thalassemia, cystic fibrosis, Duchenne muscular dystrophy and HIV.
A leitura na Educação de Jovens e Adultos: uma experiência pedagógica para a formação de leitores mediada com revistas
Authors: Macário Rosely De Oliveira , Rodrigues Linduarte Pereira
Published: February 2021

Este estudo busca evidenciar práticas de letramento escolar mediadas pela leitura de revistas de circulação nacional em uma instituição pública do interior do estado da Paraíba, tendo em vista a imersão dos alunos em uma cultura marcadamente letrada e a inclusão de práticas pedagógicas adequadas ao ensino da leitura para jovens, adultos e idosos (1º ao 5º ano) com histórico de reprovação e de abandono escolar. A pesquisa possui abordagem qualitativa e se caracteriza como uma pesquisa-ação, centrada na descrição e na análise das práticas de letramento em um espaço escolar que reúne discentes na faixa etária entre 15 e 65 anos, fundamentando-se nas teorias sociointeracionista e discursiva. Os resultados contribuem para as reflexões sobre os saberes necessários à formação docente, com vistas à organização de situação didática em torno de textos constituídos de uma representação de sentidos para a vida do alunado.
Formas, usos e cenários urbanos: métricas para projetar bairros | Urban forms, uses and scenarios: metrics to design neighborhoods
Authors: Silva Geovany Jessé Alexandre da
Published: February 2021

A pesquisa apresentada objetivou aplicar e desenvolver métricas urbanas quanti-qualitativas fundamentadas na componente formal e de usos para frações em bairros habitacionais, capazes de mensurar as configurações formal e espacial edificadas nas cidades, adotando-se como análise aplicada a cidade de João Pessoa, capital do Estado da Paraíba, Nordeste do Brasil. Constata-se que, acompanhando a tendência nacional, houve um aumento de 30% na compra e na construção de imóveis em 2018, consolidando os processos de verticalização e dispersão urbana em muitas cidades mesmo após recentes crises econômicas. Desse modo,utilizando João Pessoa como objeto analítico, mensuraram-se seis frações urbanas em dois períodos (2005 e 2015), por meio de mapeamento a partir de imagens de satélite, coletando-se dados sobre: Uso Edificado (residencial e não-residencial) e Índices Urbanísticos e de Ocupação. Posteriormente, estimou-se os (1) Índices de Uso Misto Térreo e o Índice de Uso Misto Total e (2) a aplicação na Matriz Espacial. Concluiu-se, por meio de análises paramétricas em 3D de cenários urbanos a partir dos dados coletados, que a combinação de procedimentos metodológicos experimentais é capaz de antecipar impactos espaciais sobre a qualidade dos bairros consolidados (dispersos e verticais), e ainda permite demonstrar cenários alternativos de desenho urbano e planejamento (legislação) ocupacional conforme características qualitativas desejadas para os bairros.
Transgressões do terciário em Palmas (TO, Brasil): da subversão do projeto ao amparo da lei | Tertiary transgressions in in Palmas (TO, Brazil): from the subversion of the project to the support of the law
Authors: Vargas Heliana Comin , Bottura Roberto De Almeida
Published: February 2021

No contexto de uma cidade nova, Palmas, capital do Tocantins, coloca-se em evidência algumastransgressões do setor terciário com relação à jovem capital, subvertendo o projeto original, potencializando valores de urbanidade, vitalidade e sociabilidade urbana e tendo suas ações amparadas pela lei.
RABI‘A AL-‘ADAWIYYA Y LA KAABA
Authors: Salto Sánchez del Corral Ana
Published: February 2021

Resumen Este texto se centra en la concepción de la Kaaba de una mujer excepcional por su relación con Dios y por su conocimiento místico (ma‘arifa), Rābi‘a al-‘Adawiyya (m. 801). Ella protagonizó el paso de la ascética a la mística en la Basora del siglo VIII y marcó una diferencia respecto a los ascetas de su tiempo: realizó el viaje al interior de sí misma y ejerció una continua introspección para buscar el profundo deseo del corazón y purificarlo. Los relatos de la peregrinación a la Kaaba, la Casa o morada de Dios, se comparan a los grados de oración descritos por Teresa de Jesús en el Libro de la Vida.Palabras clave: Kaaba, mística, Rābi‘a al-‘Adawiyya, Teresa de Jesús
TEMPLUM EN UN MUNDO GLOBALIZADO: ENTRE LA SECULARIZACIÓN Y EL NIHILISMO
Authors: Šerpytytė Rita
Published: February 2021

Resumen: El artículo trata del concepto e imagen de templum y sus transformaciones en un mundo globalizado. El punto de arranque del análisis es la ambiguedad que puede ser revelada en el funcionamiento del concepto de lo sacrum. El concepto de profanación está directamente relacionado con el aspecto negativo de lo sacro. Así la ambiguedad del acto de profanación puede observarse en los casos de la conversión de los santuarios en «instituciones públicas» en el tiempo soviético. El análisis se centrará en el gesto de profanación, que será elucidado a través del caso de des-consagración y re-consagración de la catedral de Vilnius.Key Words: templum; sacer; sacrum; profanum; profanación.
ON THE OCCASION OF THE SPATIALITY IN CHRISTIAN CHURCHES AND MUSLIM MOSQUES
Authors: Koprinarov Lazar
Published: February 2021

Abstract: The temple is a pivotal event in the religious life of the different cultures. In the article some aspects of the experience of the temple as sacred space are addressed. Qualitative dimensions of sacred space in Christianity and Islam as their directionality, hierarchy and dynamics are analyzed. In this perspective, it attempts to shed light on the genesis and the different meaning of the bell tower and the minaret as specific configurations of the sacred architecture of Christianity and Islam.Key words: sacred architecture, space of the temple, bell tower, minaret
LOS LUGARES SAGRADOS EN EL BUDISMO O EL LUGAR DE LO SAGRADO EN EL BUDISMO
Authors: Nikolova Antoaneta
Published: February 2021

Resumen: Este artículo tiene el propósito de examinar el significado de lo sagrado en una religión como el Budismo, donde no hay una idea de Dios como tal o ningún ser sobrenatural. En cambio, hay prácticas íntimas elaboradas para lograr la iluminación. El artículo tiene dos partes. La primera analíza los lugares sagrados en el Budismo, considerando así dos conceptos importantes el samsara y el nirvana. En la segunda parte se trata de los lugares sagrados en el Budismo comparando dos estructuras espaciales: la estupa como representativa de una estructura vertical y el manadala como horizontal. Tomando como fundamento la yuxtaposición de estos, aparentemente, conceptos y estructuras opuestas, el artículo revela que en términos del Budismo lo verdaderamente sagrado es lo no-sagrado: este es un término que trasciende la oposición sagrado-profano y expresa la visión específica budista de la no-dualidad. Palabras claves: Budismo; sagrado-profano; no-dualidad
EL DISCURSO PRELIMINAR DEL CÓDIGO CIVIL FRAN- CÉS DE 1804: LA CONSTRUCCIÓN DE UNA RELIGIO CIVILIS
Authors: Asensio Sánchez Miguel Ángel
Published: February 2021

Resumen: El Preámbulo del Código francés de 1804 anuncia un nuevo orden basado en la recta razón y en los valores político-jurídicos de la Revolución francesa, en un intento de sustituir el papel tradicional que las iglesias habían jugado en la moralidad de la sociedad. Es más, la nueva ley civil se presenta como un sustituto de la ley moral y de la religión con intención de ocupar su lugar en la nueva sociedad que alumbra. Aparece la norma unidimensional con pretensión de regular todos los ámbitos de la vida y que, en de nitiva, acabará con la dicotomía pecado/delito Palabras clave: Derecho, religión, pecado, delito.
THE BACCHANTIC FEAST AS A DUALISM
Authors: Chiodo Simona
Published: February 2021

The bacchantic feast, especially as it is described in Euripides’s Bacchae, is a powerful example of what may be thought of as the most essential cornerstone of Wes- tern culture: the dualism between the dimension of reality (represented by Pentheus) and the dimension of ideality (represented by the bacchantic feast). In particular, why must the former die after having seen the latter? That is, why the dimension of idea- lity (as well as the dimension of the sacred) can be essential, and even a saviour, for the dimension of reality (as well as for the dimension of the profane) if and only if the dualism between them is rigorously respected? I shall try to answer this question, and to use my answer as a clue to start investigating another essential structure of the dualism between reality and ideality which founds Western culture, by passing from its religious meaning to its epistemological meaning.
Presentación
Authors: Nieto Nuño Miguel
Published: February 2021

Presentación del volumen «Mitología Oriental. Homenaje al profesor Jacinto Choza Armenta»
ENTRE LOS KAMI Y LOS EMPERADORES -UN ANÁLISIS HISTORIOGRÁFICO DE LA RELACIÓN ENTRE LA ARQUEOLOGÍA Y LA MITOLOGÍA EN EL JAPÓN MODERNO
Authors: Abad de los Santos Rafael
Published: February 2021

Este trabajo tiene como objetivo básico analizar las relaciones entre la arqueología, disciplina que se institucionaliza en Japón durante el período Meiji (1868-1912), y el conjunto de relatos definido como “mitología japonesa”. Como se discute en este artículo, la arqueología japonesa estableció desde sus orígenes dos espacios discursivos, uno creado exclusivamente a partir del conocimiento arqueológico, y otro, de carácter mito-histórico, que se apoyaba en las crónicas compiladas por el poder político durante la Antigüedad. Los estudios mitológicos en un sentido estricto surgen en Japón a principios del siglo XX, una época en la que el nuevo Estado Meiji ya había incorporado el relato mítico a la enseñanza de la historia japonesa. Ante el uso político de esta narrativa, la comunidad arqueológica nipona no constituirá un ente monolítico, variando sus reacciones entre el revisionismo, un ferviente colaboracionismo, y el silencio.
Entre los kami y los emperadores -un análisis historiográfico de la relación entre la arqueología y la mitología en el Japón moderno-
Authors: Abad de los Santos Rafael
Published: February 2021

Este trabajo tiene como objetivo básico analizar las relaciones entre la arqueología, disciplina que se institucionaliza en Japón durante el período Meiji (1868-1912), y el conjunto de relatos definido como “mitología japonesa”. Como se discute en este artículo, la arqueología japonesa estableció desde sus orígenes dos espacios discursivos, uno creado exclusivamente a partir del conocimiento arqueológico, y otro, de carácter mito-histórico, que se apoyaba en las crónicas compiladas por el poder político durante la Antigüedad. Los estudios mitológicos en un sentido estricto surgen en Japón a principios del siglo XX, una época en la que el nuevo Estado Meiji ya había incorporado el relato mítico a la enseñanza de la historia japonesa. Ante el uso político de esta narrativa, la comunidad arqueológica nipona no constituirá un ente monolítico, variando sus reacciones entre el revisionismo, un ferviente colaboracionismo, y el silencio.
Espiritismo kardeciano y positivismo
Authors: Garcés Marrero Roberto
Published: February 2021

El presente artículo versa sobre cómo el espiritismo kardeciano puede ser la contraparte religiosa del positivismo; surgidos ambos del mismo clima epocal evidencian, aunque a prima facie pueda parecer paradójico, un discurso, metodología, ideales sociales y concepciones similares. Esta tesis se sustenta a partir del análisis conceptual de la obra de Kardec, en específico, de El libro de los espíritus, su texto de aspiraciones más filosóficas. En particular la denominada ley natural kardeciana se acerca mucho a las ideas comtianas, aunque quizás hayan sido desarrolladas de manera independiente, a partir de la influencia común de Saint Simons y otros autores.
Evaluation of duodenal endoscopic and histologic findings, including counts of forkhead box P3-positive regulatory T cells, in dogs with immunosuppressant-responsive enteropathy
Authors: Benvenuti Elena , Pierini Alessio , Benali Silvia L. , Gori Eleonora , Abramo Francesca , Bottero Enrico , Pietra Marco , Ruggiero Pietro , Marchetti Veronica
Published: February 2021

OBJECTIVE

To prospectively evaluate the clinical and prognostic importance of duodenal endoscopic and histologic findings, including duodenal mucosal counts of forkhead box P3-positive regulatory T cells (Foxp3+ Tregs), in dogs with immunosuppressant-responsive enteropathy (IRE).

ANIMALS

57 client-owned dogs with IRE.

PROCEDURES

The canine chronic enteropathy clinical activity index (CCECAI) was used to assess each dog when IRE was diagnosed (T0) and 1, 3, 6, and 12 months later. Dogs were grouped on the basis of clinical response (responder group vs nonresponder group) and 12-month long-term outcome (responded to treatment and did not relapse [good outcome group] vs did not respond to treatment or had relapsed [bad outcome group]). At T0, dogs underwent gastrointestinal endoscopy and endoscopic biopsy, with results for variables of duodenal endoscopic and histologic evaluations scored and compared across groups.

RESULTS

At T0, the overall median CCECAI score was 7; CCECAI score was not associated with clinical response or relapse. Dogs had significantly greater odds of being in the bad outcome group (vs the good outcome group) if they had a histologic score of 3 (OR, 3.5; 95% CI, 1.09 to 11.3). No differences in the counts of Foxp3+ Tregs were detected between groups.

CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE

In dogs with IRE, results indicated that evaluation of Foxp3+ Tregs did not have prognostic value, whereas a duodenal histologic score of 3 could be a negative prognostic factor for response and relapse, and higher severity scores for intraepithelial lymphocytes and lamina propria lymphocytes and plasma cells in duodenal biopsy samples may be negatively associated with response.
Comparison of basilar sesamoidean and distal approaches for synoviocentesis of the forelimb digital flexor tendon sheath in horses
Authors: Slaughter-Mehfoud Kathryn M. , McCoy Annette M.
Published: February 2021

OBJECTIVE

To evaluate synoviocentesis of the equine forelimb digital flexor tendon sheath (DFTS) via a basilar sesamoidean approach (BSA) or distal approach (DA).

ANIMALS

21 healthy adult horses without DFTS-related lameness.

PROCEDURES

The forelimbs of each horse underwent the BSA or DA (21 limbs/approach) performed by 1 individual. The volume of synovial fluid (SF) aspirated, time from skin puncture to collection of SF, and number of attempts to place a needle in the DFTS were compared between approaches.

RESULTS

An SF sample was successfully aspirated from 16 of 21 (76%) limbs with the BSA and 20 of 21 (95%) limbs with the DA. For the BSA and DA, the number of attempts to obtain SF was 2 and 1, respectively; the median volume of SF obtained was 0.4 and 0.7 mL, respectively; and the median time to SF collection was 17.91 and 18.48 seconds, respectively. Between the approaches, the number of limbs with SF successfully aspirated and number of attempts to collect SF differed significantly, whereas the volume of SF aspirated and time to SF collection did not.

CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE

Regarding SF collection from forelimb DFTSs in horses without DFTS-related disease, use of the DA had a greater success rate with fewer attempts, compared with findings for the BSA, which may reflect the relative ease of identifying anatomic landmarks for the DA. Results suggested that a DA for DFTS synoviocentesis in horses appears efficient and effective and may minimize limb trauma by requiring fewer attempts for SF sample collection, compared with a BSA.
Budowa strategii jako narzędzia innowacyjnego zarządzania organizacją
Authors: Demecki Wacław , Żukowski Paweł
Published: February 2021

This article discusses methodological issues of strategy management creation. This work distinguishes the main steps of creation of a strategy in a methodological order. Strategy without these methodological stages is inefficient, and impossible to be implemented as a tool of innovation management.
Proces kształtowania potencjału innowacyjnego przedsiębiorstw z grupy MŚP w sektorze konstrukcji stalowych w warunkach konkurencji na rynku Unii Europejskiej
Authors: Janczewska Danuta
Published: February 2021

The SMEs companies form the biggest part of all companies carrying out production in the Polish economic reality. The changes in enterprises, such as faster initiation of innovations or new technical, technological, and organization solutions, etc. were involved in the development and competitiveness of these companies and competitiveness of the whole branch – and in the same way, in the whole economy at the time of integration with the EU economy and globalization. Then, the knowledge about reasons and dynamics and structure of innovative changes in enterprises will provide the possibility to show the groups of factors involved in the innovative process, which is important for the enterprises and for the branch. The presentation of innovative potential as definitions and measurement was based on the research of a group of SMEs, consisting of Polish and foreign enterprises. The main goal of the research was to explain the reason for FDI in the Polish branch of steel constructions and the influence of FDI on innovativeness of the Polish SMEs. The obtained results allowed to define the factors with high influence coefficient for innovative potential in steel construction branch as inside and outside values, the readiness to realize the innovative activity, and skills of effective realization of all parts of the innovative process and knowledge absorption. In conditions of competitiveness on the EU market – where dynamic changes of quantity of participants and increase in the expectation of clients are observed – there are clearly growing meanings of the innovative process. In the present time of EU integration, there are quite new, additional factors in Polish SMEs, such as skills in building the relation between SMEs and abilities to create nets and clusters, and readiness for many different and changing forms of cooperation and growth at the level of knowledge.
New Industrial Spaces in Old Industrial Centres: Selected Examples of Sosnowiec (Poland) and České Budějovice (Czech Republic)
Authors: Popjaková Dagmar , Tkocz Maria , Vančura Michal
Published: February 2021

As industrial centres, the Polish city of Sosnowiec and the Czech city of České Budějovice developed differently. Sosnowiec was a part of the Upper-Silesian coal region, one of the most important old industrial regions on the European scale. However, until the 1980s, the city had developed not only as a centre of coal extraction and iron metallurgy, but unlike other Upper-Silesian industrial cities, also as a centre with diversified sectoral structure of industry. On the other hand, České Budějovice evolved as a peripheral centre in the southern part of the Czech Republic, i.e. in the region located outside the main industrialized spaces in the country. České Budějovice and the surroundings did not possess, apart from graphites and water, sufficient reserves of minerals. For this reason, since the beginning of industrial development it has been the light (consumer) industry that has played the major role, and in particular the production of beer and stationery. Industrial development of the cities has also differed during the last 20 years. In Sosnowiec, an important part in the regeneration of old industrial areas has been played by the city and European funds. At the same time, all the main old industrial areas maintained their production functions. In České Budějovice on the other hand, it has been the German and Austrian capital. Several industrial areas have altered their former production function into non-production functions.