bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Estratégias assistenciais para o controle da tuberculose drogarresistente: revisão integrativa da literatura
Authors: Germano Sibele Naiara Ferreira , Cardoso Silvani Vieira , Ferreira Alaidistania Aparecida , Esteves Arinete Véras Fontes , Garrido Marlucia Da Silva
Published: August 2021

Objetivo: identificar, na literatura científica, estratégias assistenciais para o controle da tuberculose drogarresistente. Método: revisão integrativa da literatura, com análise de pesquisas relevantes sobre a questão nortedora: Quais são as evidências científicas sobre as estratégias assistenciais para o controle da tuberculose drogarresistente? Busca realizada nas bases Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde, Medical Literature Analysis, Índice Bibliográfico Espanhol em Ciências da Saúde e Banco de Dados em Enfermagem, entre janeiro e março de 2020. Foram incluídos dez artigos para discussão dos resultados que responderam à questão da pesquisa, atendendo aos critérios de inclusão e exclusão. Resultados: nos estudos publicados nos últimos cinco anos, 80% abordaram estratégias assistenciais para o controle da tuberculose drogarresistente e 20% evidenciaram falhas na assistência aos portadores da doença. Conclusão: a revisão da literatura identificou várias estratégias assistenciais para o controle da tuberculose drogarresistente, com destaque para a descentralização do diagnóstico e tratamento compartilhado, possibilitando uma atenção ampliada e integral aos pacientes.
Give doctors the regulatory regime they deserve
Authors: Wills Catherine
Published: August 2021

A radical overhaul of the regulatory regime for health professionals is both necessary and long overdue, so it is important to seize this chance to get it right and get it done.
Edebi ve sanatsal müzik eserlerinde portre türünün uygulama özelliklerinin araştırılması
Authors: Mammadova Aypara
Published: August 2021

Bu çalışmada, çeşitli sanat alanlarında yaygın olarak kullanılan portre türünün özelliklerini
dikkate alarak türün biçim ve uygulama yöntemleri incelemektedir. Resimde, edebiyatta ve
daha sonra müzikte portre türünün ağırlıklı olarak belirli bir görüntünün betimlenmesiyle
ilgili olduğu makalede araştırılır. Araştırmanın temel amacı, edebiyat ve müzik alanında
portre türüne daha yakın olduğunu vurgulamaktır. Portre türü, eserin ana temasının ifade
edilmesinde, iç alemi ve duygu dünyasının somutlaştırılmasında, herhangi bir görüntünün
kapsamlı açılışında önemli bir rol oynamaktadır. Bu noktadan baktığımızda edebî
eserlerde portre, imgelerin kapsamlı ifadesinde önemlidir ve imgenin sanatsal sözlerle
betimlenmesini oluşturur. Edebi portre, romanlar, kısa öyküler, şiirler ve daha fazlası dahil
olmak üzere çeşitli türlerde yansıtılır.Müzikal portre, enstrümantal, senfonik, vokal ve
sahne çalışmaları da dahil olmak üzere çeşitli alanları kapsamakta ve eserin ana fikrinin
bir göstergesi olarak dikkat çekmektedir. Makalenin metodolojisi teorik ve tarihsel temelli
olup, portre türünün detaylı bir incelemesi karşılaştırmalı olarak yapılmıştır. Bu çalışmada
ilk kez portre türünün edebiyat ve müzikteki etkileşimi kapsamlı bir şekilde araştırılır.
Buna dayanarak, müzikte somutlaşan edebi portrelerin sentezi incelenmiştir. Aynı zamanda
portre türünün gelişmesinde Batı Avrupa ve Rus bestecilerin rolü üzerinde durulmuş ve
Azerbaycan bestecilerinin eserlerinde portre türü örneklerinin detaylı bir analizine yer
verilmiştir. Azerbaycan müziğindeki portre türünün örnekleri arasındaki edebi bağın önemli
olduğu sonucuna varılmıştır.
Psychometric properties of the German version of the Depressive and Anxious Avoidance in Prolonged Grief Questionnaire (DAAPGQ)
Authors: Treml Julia , Nagl Michaela , Braehler Elmar , Boelen Paul A. , Kersting Anette
Published: August 2021

The Depressive and Anxious Avoidance in Prolonged Grief Questionnaire (DAAPGQ) was developed to measure depressive and anxious avoidance behaviors, which, according to cognitive-behavioral models, are supposed to play an important role in the development and maintenance of prolonged grief. The present study aimed to develop a German version of the DAAPGQ and evaluate its psychometric properties and validity within a representative sample of the German general population (N = 2531). The German-language DAAPGQ was developed using a forward-backward translation procedure. Then, a subsample of individuals who reported having lost a significant other (N = 1371) of a representative sample was assessed with the German DAAPGQ, along with information on sociodemographic characteristics, prolonged grief symptom severity (PG-13), general anxiety (GAD-2) and depression (PHQ-2). The factor structure of the DAAPGQ was evaluated using confirmatory factor analyses, reliability by calculating internal consistency on subscale level and convergent validity by correlations between DAAPQG subscale sores with PG-13, GAD-2 and PHQ-2 sum scores. As expected, a two-factor model with correlated latent variables showed good fit to the data, replicating findings from the original version. Internal consistency was high for both subscales (Cronbach’s α .86 and .95, respectively). Convergent validity was established by theoretically expected and statistically significant positive correlations of DAAPGQ subscales with symptom severity of prolonged grief, depression, and anxiety and negative correlations with time since loss. Furthermore, the addition of depressive and anxious avoidance significantly improved the prediction of prolonged grief symptom severity over sociodemographic and loss-related information. In sum, our results suggest that the German-language DAAPGQ is a reliable and valid measure of depressive and anxious avoidance and a useful tool to improve our knowledge on the role of avoidance in prolonged grief. We also provide descriptive data to improve the applicability of the DAAPGQ for individual diagnostics.
The symbolic uses of platforms: The politics of platform governance in the United States
Authors: Napoli Philip M.
Published: August 2021

Unlike many other countries around the world, the United States has taken relatively little substantive action in the realm of platform governance, despite the United States being directly impacted by occurrences such as Russian interference in the 2016 election, domestic disinformation related to the 2020 election, the Cambridge Analytica data breach scandal and the ‘infodemic’ of misinformation that has accompanied the Coronavirus pandemic. Yet the past four years have involved numerous Congressional hearings on various aspects of platform governance and a multitude of bills have been introduced addressing a similarly wide range of platform governance issues. With so many indicators of potential government action over the past half-decade, but so few actual policy interventions, platform governance appears to be a prime example of a policy-making context in which symbolic actions are taking precedence over substantive actions. This article illustrates this dynamic through an analysis of recent platform governance developments in the United States.
Platform policy: Evaluating different responses to the challenges of platform power
Authors: Flew Terry , Gillett Rosalie
Published: August 2021

This article identifies a ‘policy turn’ in questions of internet governance, as politicians and policy-makers across multiple jurisdictions grapple with the power of digital platforms, and associated questions of accountability, transparency, market dominance and content regulation. The EU Hate Speech monitoring code, the Christchurch Call, the UK Online Harms Bill and Australia’s ACCC Digital Platforms Inquiry are manifestations of this trend, in what Philip Schlesinger has described as an emergent ‘regulatory field’. While corporate self-regulation has tended to be the dominant framework for digital sectors, there is growing pressure on the part of nation states for greater external regulation. In this article, we will consider different conceptual premises for understanding platform power, arising from neo-pluralist, class and elite theories, as well as the relative significance of non-governmental organizations (NGOs), nation state governments, corporate self-regulation (e.g. Facebook Oversight Board) and supranational governance mechanisms, such as Tim Berners-Lee’s proposed ‘Contract for the Web’.
The globalization of TikTok: Strategies, governance and geopolitics
Authors: Jia Lianrui , Liang Fan
Published: August 2021

This article examines the rise of TikTok in three aspects: globalization strategies, data and content policies, and geopolitical implications. Instead of focusing on app features and uses within the platform proper, we situate and critically analyse TikTok as a platform business in a global media policy and governance context. We first unpack TikTok’s platformization process, tracing how TikTok gradually diversifies its business models and platform affordances to serve multisided markets. To understand TikTok’s platform governance, we systematically analyse and compare its data and content policies for different regions. Crucial to its global expansion, we then look at TikTok’s lobbying efforts to maintain government relations and corporate responses after facing multiple regulatory probing by various national governments. TikTok’s case epitomizes problems and challenges faced by a slew of globalizing Chinese digital platforms in increasingly contested geopolitics that cut across the chasms and fault lines between the rise of China and India as emergent powers in the US-dominated global platform ecosystem.
The changing context of age-based classification and policy research in the age of subscription-video-on-demand
Authors: Cole Rachel
Published: August 2021

This article draws on a history of media classification in Australia to consider how this field is developing. The focus is on age-based classification of commercially and professionally produced content, specifically made available through streaming and subscription-video-on-demand (SVOD) platforms. As platform company Netflix steps into the terrain of regulation, this environment is changing quite dramatically. The Netflix tool emerges in a governmental space characterized by new and emerging transnational governance and monitoring Boards, ghost work and moral panics in the form of online firestorms. Questions developed in the time of legacy media that consider human and machine, and industry and government as working separately, are confronted by new practices and points of inquiry with impacts broader than Australian media consumption.
Examining the Australian Digital Platforms Inquiry and theorizing ‘accidental policy’
Authors: Picard Robert G. , Park Sora
Published: August 2021

‘Accidental policy’ is a term often used to disparage unplanned or under-deliberated policy, but it can also be used as a concept to define and theorize policy development and its effects more broadly. This article does the latter by applying the accidental policy lens to the case of the Australian Digital Platforms Inquiry – the first of its kind worldwide – and then uses elements from the development and effects of the inquiry to theorize the concept for application in other policy studies. This article examines the factors – including existing media, communications, technology developments and policies and political manoeuvring – that led Australia to confront large multinational platforms and become a world leader in digital platforms policy. Rather than the continuation of a long-term, consistent policy regime, the inquiry resulted from political expediency and behind-the-scenes parliamentary deal making. This article provides an analysis of a situation in which a deliberative policy process did not occur but a significant policy impetus was still developed. This study adds to the understanding of accidental policy making in which a rapid response to external pressures, as well as more complex factors including political negotiation and deal making, is at play.
Police officer or social media star? Live PD and microcelebrity
Authors: McVey Alex
Published: August 2021

This article examines the rhetorical strategies of microcelebrity in the reality TV show Live PD. Live PD is an important text for understanding how police work with the entertainment industry to create selective strategies of self-presentation in the wake of the media challenges posed by the Black Lives Matter movement. It shows how police draw on new media and social media to shape public discourse about police and promote alternative images of police officers. It also shows how police mobilize the techniques of reality TV, fan engagement and social media to respond to emergent crises of police credibility. This article argues that Live PD’s rhetorics of microcelebrity use intimate visual access and fan engagement to create new modes of cultural attachment to police power while also substituting affective sensations of intimacy for substantive demands of police accountability.
Life Is But a Story: Female pleasure and agency in Beyoncé’s autobiographical film
Authors: Patrick Stephanie
Published: August 2021

While the rise of new media has led to a blurring of stars’ public personae and private, intimate lives, the musician, in particular, has long been expected to share their private, authentic self through their music. This is certainly the case with superstar Beyoncé, whose 2016 solo album Lemonade was widely received as a revealing portrait of her marriage to hip hop mogul Jay-Z. Yet Beyoncé has long been playing with the public–private divide as a key part of her star persona. Her decision to limit media interviews has allowed her to maintain unprecedented control of her star image; an image that is now corralled through the texts that she herself circulates via her music, videos and other media. One such notable, yet under-examined text is her 2013 autobiographical film Life Is But a Dream. Both the narrative and the production of the film serve to teach audiences how to read the rest of Beyoncé’s cultural work; as work that is fully controlled by her and intended for women. This pedagogical film disrupts common readings of her image and performances as being in the service of a male gaze, thus opening up new pleasures and potentials for female fans more broadly and Black female fans more specifically. Life Is But a Dream is thus a central, rather than a periphery text in Beyoncé’s star image, complementing and complicating the work she produces across other media formats.
‘I want to delete this tweet so much, but…’: Jameela Jamil as a celebrity feminist educator
Authors: Kannen Victoria
Published: August 2021

The ideas of outspoken feminist celebrities are met with scepticism. This scepticism is rooted in the idea that, while celebrities have a platform for expression, they are not academics and their role in education should therefore be limited. This article explores the role of Jameela Jamil, a British, queer actor, and analyses her use of Instagram and Twitter as platforms for education and social change. I argue that she uses social media to teach and learn from her followers regarding body acceptance, racial and sexual inclusivity and queer representation. This work also explores the realities of clapbacks, cancel culture, mistake-making, shame culture and affective solidarity via her use of language, such as through the vulnerable phrase ‘I want to delete this tweet so much, but…’. In positioning Jamil as more than simply a celebrity feminist, and beyond what is considered a normative public intellectual, I assert that she embodies the role of a celebrity feminist educator. This role is unique as it creates space for Jamil’s online feminist activism, her accessible use of language and her desire to teach and learn from her followers to be made meaningful within the context of feminist education and celebrity studies.
‘My wish is for the media to stop bringing up Hiddleswift and let him live his life’: How Tom Hiddleston’s celebrity narrative was shaped by a summer romance
Authors: Pignetti Daisy
Published: August 2021

This article relies on survey data I collected from the Hiddleston fandom in June of 2018, to gauge their long-lasting impressions of the highly publicized three-month relationship between Tom Hiddleston and Taylor Swift in 2016. Their responses reflect three significant (and overlapping) anti-fan expressions: extreme dislike of Taylor Swift, frustration with the media coverage of the ‘Hiddleswift’ spectacle and acknowledgement that it was difficult to be a fan of Hiddleston during that time. By pairing with Swift, an act many survey respondents felt was played for publicity, and simultaneously distancing himself from social media, he became inaccessible to those who had been loyal to him early in his career. I interrogate Hiddleston’s own references to himself as an ‘authentic’ public figure and then conduct close readings of the only two extended profiles that have been published since his relationship with Swift ended in 2016: one in GQ (2017) and another from the New York Times (2019). Although it was neither publication’s intent, both pieces led to further media scrutiny and mockery, which only exasperated his fans further. Ultimately, I argue that Hiddleston’s name remains pejoratively linked to Swift’s, but not vice versa, thereby proving the negative impact this short-lived romance had upon his celebrity narrative and fandom.
Beyond Ethnicity: New Politics of Race in Hawai‘i, Camilla Fojas, Rudy P. Guevarra Jr. and Nitasha Tamar Sharma (eds) (2018)
Authors: da Rocha Ana Cristina Gomes
Published: August 2021

Review of: Beyond Ethnicity: New Politics of Race in Hawai‘i, Camilla Fojas, Rudy P. Guevarra Jr. and Nitasha Tamar Sharma (eds) (2018)

Honolulu, HI: University of Hawai‘i Press, 232 pp.,

ISBN 978 0 82486 988 5 (hbk), US$72
Indonesia Emas Berkelanjutan 2045: Kumpulan Pemikiran Pelajar Indonesia Sedunia Seri 9 Teknologi
Authors: Christian Albert Budi ,   National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Mahardika Mohammad Azis ,   Tokyo Institute of Technology, Prayogo Adhie ,   Széchenyi István University, Worsito Singgih Bekti ,   Chulalongkorn University, Utama Radikal Yuda ,   Australian National University, Ramadhani Pevi ,   Lunghwa University of Science and Technology, Nadia Rin ,   Sejong University, Manuhutu Isaura Diva Laudette ,   Sejong University, Wiraputra I Gede Putu Agastya Eka ,   Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen, Nasir Muhammad ,   Tokyo Institute of Technology
Published: August 2021

Seri Teknologi mendukung poin ke-9 SDGs, yakni “membangun infrastruktur yang tangguh, mempromosikan industrialisasi yang inklusif dan berkelanjutan, serta mendorong inovasi”. Bunga rampai ini terbagi menjadi lima subtema, yaitu dinamika dunia penelitian di Indonesia saat ini, analisis teknologi transportasi di Indonesia, industrialisasi rendah emisi, teknologi telekomunikasi, dan pertumbuhan UMKM melalui digitalisasi. Kelima subtema tersebut merupakan bagian dari bidang yang penting untuk diperhatikan dalam penyusunan dan perumusan arah kebijakan di masa mendatang untuk tercapainya tujuan Indonesia Emas 2045. Buku ini diharapkan dapat menjadi bacaan yang bermanfaat bagi masyarakat Indonesia, khususnya para pemangku kepentingan di bidang pembangunan dan inovasi teknologi. Temukan beragam sudut pandang baru terkait upaya pembenahan sektor teknologi di Indonesia. Selamat membaca!
Anglicization of Written Igbo Personal and Place Names: A Sociolinguistic Study
Authors: Nnamdi-Eruchalu Geraldine Ifesinachi
Published: August 2021

The Igbo people are at the verge of losing their language, culture and identity to the English Language [Azuonye 2002, Asonye 2013, Emeka-Nwobia 2020]. This work aims at investigating into the Anglicization  of  written Igbo personal and place names with a view to highlighting the extent of spellings and pronunciation inconsistencies, discover what impact it has on the learning and development of the language, and discover ways the attitude of the people can be changed towards the language to forestall its death. It argues that the spelling inconsistencies it introduced to the language is a source of challenge to learners, the majority of whom already have negative attitude towards the language. Ogbalu [1974], Oruchalu [1979] and Okodo [2008] made lists of anglicized names with their correct Igbo spellings, and decried the practice. The data for this research were collected from personal experiences, class lists, radio and television programmes, the internet, social and print media, and interviews. It concludes that a change in the attitude of the people towards their language, culture and identity as well as total implementation of the Onwu Orthography with regards to the spelling of personal and place names will complement the efforts being made to sustain the language.
New and interesting seaweed records from the Hakai area of the central coast of British Columbia, Canada: Chlorophyta
Authors: Lindstrom Sandra C. , Lemay Matthew A. , Starko Samuel , Hind Katharine R. , Martone Patrick T.
Published: August 2021

Since 2011 we have been documenting seaweed diversity and abundance along a poorly studied area of the central coast of British Columbia, Canada. This first installment focuses on the Chlorophyta. To date, 42 species have been recorded, and we have obtained DNA sequences for most. Although most of these species reportedly have wide distributions along the west coast of North America, others appear to represent new northern or southern records or possible introductions, and a number have yet to be described. New southern limits are recorded for Acrosiphonia sonderi, Acrosiphonia sp., Protomonostroma undulatum, and Ulva pouliotii sp. nov., and new northern records are documented for Ulva expansa, U. stenophylla, and another undescribed species of Ulva. Among species of Cladophoraceae, we obtained a sequence only for Cladophora opaca, a Japanese species not previously recorded from North America, and an undetermined species of Rhizoclonium. We sequenced three species of Derbesia, none of which is D. marina, the currently recognized species for this area; all three require taxonomic treatment. A sequence for a shell-boring species, which is tentatively identified as Eugomontia sacculata, was also obtained. These findings extend our understanding of the diversity and biogeography of green macroalgae in the northeast Pacific.
Optical elements from 3D printed polymers
Authors: Blachowicz Tomasz , Ehrmann Guido , Ehrmann Andrea
Published: August 2021

3D printing belongs to the emerging technologies of our time. Describing diverse specific techniques, 3D printing enables rapid production of individual objects and creating shapes that would not be produced with other techniques. One of the drawbacks of typical 3D printing processes, however, is the layered structure of the created parts. This is especially problematic in the production of optical elements, which in most cases necessitate highly even surfaces. To meet this challenge, advanced 3D printing techniques as well as other sophisticated solutions can be applied. Here, we give an overview of 3D printed optical elements, such as lenses, mirrors, and waveguides, with a focus on freeform optics and other elements for which 3D printing is especially well suited.
Global continuity of variational solutions weakening the one-sided bounded slope condition
Authors: Stanin Thomas
Published: August 2021

We study regularity properties of variational solutions to a class of Cauchy–Dirichlet problems of the form

{

∂
t

⁡
u

-

div
x

⁡

(

D
ξ

⁢
f
⁢

(

D
⁢
u

)

)

=
0

in 
⁢

Ω
T

,

u

=

u
0

on 
⁢

∂
𝒫

⁡

Ω
T

.

\left\{\begin{aligned} \displaystyle\partial_{t}u-\operatorname{div}_{x}(D_{%
\xi}f(Du))&\displaystyle=0&&\displaystyle\phantom{}\text{in }\Omega_{T},\\
\displaystyle u&\displaystyle=u_{0}&&\displaystyle\phantom{}\text{on }\partial%
_{\mathcal{P}}\Omega_{T}.\end{aligned}\right.

We do not impose any growth conditions from above on

f
:

ℝ
n

→
ℝ

{f\colon\mathbb{R}^{n}\to\mathbb{R}}

, but only require it to be convex and coercive. The domain

Ω
⊂

ℝ
n

{\Omega\subset\mathbb{R}^{n}}

is mainly supposed to be bounded and convex, and for the time-independent boundary datum

u
0

:

Ω
¯

→
ℝ

{u_{0}\colon\overline{\Omega}\to\mathbb{R}}

we only require continuity. These requirements are weaker than a one-sided bounded slope condition. We prove global continuity of the unique variational solution

u
:

Ω
T

→
ℝ

{u\colon\Omega_{T}\to\mathbb{R}}

. If the boundary datum is Lipschitz continuous, we obtain global Hölder continuity of the solution.
Finitary birepresentations of finitary bicategories
Authors: Mackaay Marco , Mazorchuk Volodymyr , Miemietz Vanessa , Tubbenhauer Daniel , Zhang Xiaoting
Published: August 2021

In this paper, we discuss the generalization of finitary 2-representation theory of finitary 2-categories to finitary birepresentation theory of finitary bicategories.
In previous papers on the subject, the classification of simple transitive 2-representations of a given 2-category was reduced to that for certain subquotients.
These reduction results were all formulated as bijections between equivalence classes of 2-representations.
In this paper, we generalize them to biequivalences between certain 2-categories of birepresentations.
Furthermore, we prove an analog of the double centralizer theorem in finitary birepresentation theory.
Designing efficient randomized trials: power and sample size calculation when using semiparametric efficient estimators
Authors: Schuler Alejandro
Published: August 2021

Trials enroll a large number of subjects in order to attain power, making them expensive and time-consuming. Sample size calculations are often performed with the assumption of an unadjusted analysis, even if the trial analysis plan specifies a more efficient estimator (e.g. ANCOVA). This leads to conservative estimates of required sample sizes and an opportunity for savings. Here we show that a relatively simple formula can be used to estimate the power of any two-arm, single-timepoint trial analyzed with a semiparametric efficient estimator, regardless of the domain of the outcome or kind of treatment effect (e.g. odds ratio, mean difference). Since an efficient estimator attains the minimum possible asymptotic variance, this allows for the design of trials that are as small as possible while still attaining design power and control of type I error. The required sample size calculation is parsimonious and requires the analyst to provide only a small number of population parameters. We verify in simulation that the large-sample properties of trials designed this way attain their nominal values. Lastly, we demonstrate how to use this formula in the “design” (and subsequent reanalysis) of a real randomized trial and show that fewer subjects are required to attain the same design power when a semiparametric efficient estimator is accounted for at the design stage.
Si3N4/Graphene binary particles reinforced hybrid titanium composites and their characterization
Authors: Mutuk Tugba , Gürbüz Mevlüt
Published: August 2021

This study reports on silicon nitride (Si3N4) and graphene nanoplatelets binary powder reinforced hybrid titanium composites obtained by a powder metallurgy method. Si3N4 powder was added at 3 wt.% and graphene nanoplatelets were added in various amounts (0.15, 0.30, 0.45, 0.60 wt.%) in the titanium matrix. Density, micro-Vickers hardness, compressive behavior, wear properties and microstructure of the hybrid composites were evaluated. Addition of different percentages of graphene nanoplatelets and 3 wt.% Si3N4 to the titanium matrix composites significantly enhanced mechanical properties. The highest hardness (634 HV) and compressive strength (1458 MPa) values were measured for 0.15 wt.% graphene nanoplatelets and 3 wt.% Si3N4 added titanium hybrid composite. The lowest mass loss and wear rate (Δm = 4 mg, W = 6.1×10–5 mm3 (N m)–1) values were measured for the same 0.15 wt.% graphene nanoplatelets and 3 wt.% Si3N4 added titanium hybrid composite compared with pure Ti.
Effects of mixed time delays and D operators on fixed-time synchronization of discontinuous neutral-type neural networks
Authors: Sun Lin , Kong Fanchao , Qiu Hongjun , Zhang Yanhong
Published: August 2021

In this paper, the fixed-time synchronization analysis is addressed for a class of discontinuous neutral-type neural networks. The focus is mainly on the design of useful control laws such that the constructed error system converges to zero in a fixed time. The major difficulty is to cope with the discontinuous neuron activations, D operators, time-varying discrete, and distributed delays simultaneously. To accomplish the target, a new and effective framework is firstly established. By means of functional differential inclusions theory, inequality technique and Lyapunov–Krasovskii functional, novel discontinuous feedback controllers are designed and some new verifiable algebraic criteria are derived to design the control gains. In contrast to the existed results on the neutral-type neural networks, the theoretical results of this paper are more general and rigorous. Finally, numerical examples and simulations are presented to illustrate the correctness of the main results.
Supplementation of antihypertensive drug regimen with vitamin E ameliorates alterations of primary haemodynamic parameters and total antioxidant capacity in ovariectomised rats
Authors: Ajibade Temitayo Olabisi , Bolaji-Alabi Foluso B. , Oyagbemi Ademola Adetokunbo , Ajileye Ifeoluwa W. , Omobowale Temidayo Olutayo
Published: August 2021

Objectives

Ovariectomy induces heightened response to vasoconstrictors, alters vasorelaxation and consequently causes hypertension due to increased oxidative stress in rats.

Methods

This study evaluated the ameliorative effects of ramipril and vitamin E, on primary haemodynamic parameters and cardiac antioxidant defence status, in ovariectomised rats using 64 adult female rats of the Wistar strain randomly divided as follows: Control (sham); Ovariectomised (OVX); OVX plus Ramipril; OVX plus vitamin E; and OVX plus Ramipril plus vitamin E.

Results

The plasma level of oestrogen was significantly lower (p<0.05), in the ovariectomised rats compared with the sham. The systolic, diastolic and mean arterial blood pressure of ovariectomised rats increased significantly (p<0.05), but the alteration was significantly reduced by the administration of ramipril alone or in combination with vitamin E. Significant decrease (p<0.05) was observed in the serum level of nitric oxide in OVX group compared with Sham. Also, analysed markers of oxidative stress: Malondialdehyde (MDA) contents and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) generated decreased significantly (p<0.05), but systemic antioxidants: reduced glutathione (GSH) contents; glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities increased significantly (p<0.05) in the ovariectomised rats treated with ramipril and vitamin E compared with untreated ovariectomised rats. The study concludes that alteration, in the primary haemodynamic parameters, associated with ovariectomy in rats is potently ameliorated by co-administration of the antihypertensive drug ramipril and vitamin E.

Conclusions

The supplementation of antihypertensive regimen with antioxidants such as vitamin E in the treatment of hypertension is therefore justifiable especially in ovariectomised or hypogonadal patients.
On the confusion coefficient of Boolean functions
Authors: Zhou Yu , Hu Jianyong , Miao Xudong , Han Yu , Zhang Fuzhong
Published: August 2021

The notion of the confusion coefficient is a property that attempts to characterize confusion property of cryptographic algorithms against differential power analysis. In this article, we establish a relationship between the confusion coefficient and the autocorrelation function for any Boolean function and give a tight upper bound and a tight lower bound on the confusion coefficient for any (balanced) Boolean function. We also deduce some deep relationships between the sum-of-squares of the confusion coefficient and other cryptographic indicators (the sum-of-squares indicator, hamming weight, algebraic immunity and correlation immunity), respectively. Moreover, we obtain some trade-offs among the sum-of-squares of the confusion coefficient, the signal-to-noise ratio and the redefined transparency order for a Boolean function.
Simulative study of raised cosine impulse function with Hamming grating profile based Chirp Bragg grating fiber
Authors: Urooj Shabana , Alwadai Norah Muhammad , Ibrahim Anas , Rashed Ahmed Nabih Zaki
Published: August 2021

This work simulate the raised Cosine impulse function with Hamming grating profile based chirp Bragg grating fiber. The transmittivity/reflectivity, the grating ref index of the chirp grating fiber variations, real/imaginary coupling coefficient variations and the cross section monitor of the mesh transmission variations are simulated and clarified versus the length of grating. The transmission/reflection spectrum, input grating pulse width intensity spectrum, and the output grating pulse width intensity against the grating wavelength are demonstrated clearly. All the obtained results are demonstrated with the OptiGrating simulation software version 12. The transmittivity/reflectivity of chirp grating fiber, the grating ref index of chirp grating fiber, the cross section monitor of the mesh transmission and the real/imaginary coupling coefficient variations are simulated and demonstrated against the grating performance parameters.
Subject autonomy marking in Macro-Tani and the typology of middle voice
Authors: Post Mark W. , Modi Yankee
Published: August 2021

Middle voice constructions are generally understood as syntactically detransitivizing and as semantically characterized by a “low degree of event elaboration” (in Kemmer’s terms) involving a relatively affected subject. Middle voice constructions thus characterized have been identified in several Trans-Himalayan (Sino-Tibetan) languages, in particular by LaPolla. In Macro-Tani languages, we find a seemingly cognate construction with a similar distribution; however, Macro-Tani middle-like constructions are not detransitivizing, and do not mark subject affectedness. Instead, their primary meaning appears to be one of highlighting subject autonomy: a heightened degree of autonomy, volition and/or responsibility over an action on the part of the clause subject. In this article, following an analysis of Macro-Tani subject autonomy marking, we will argue that its similarities to and differences from middle voice marking in other Trans-Himalayan languages is consistent with Zúñiga and Kittilä’s view of middle voice as a “network of meanings,” whose properties derive not from their reflection of a unified underlying cognitive category, but rather from a heterogeneous set of developments from similar diachronic source forms.
Symmetric graphs of valency seven and their basic normal quotient graphs
Authors: Pan Jiangmin , Huang Junjie , Wang Chao
Published: August 2021

We characterize seven valent symmetric graphs of order

2
p

q

n

2p{q}^{n}

with

p
<
q

p\lt q

odd primes, extending a few previous results. Moreover, a consequence partially generalizes the result of Conder, Li and Potočnik [On the orders of arc-transitive graphs, J. Algebra 421 (2015), 167–186].
A global random walk on grid algorithm for second order elliptic equations
Authors: Sabelfeld Karl K. , Smirnov Dmitrii
Published: August 2021

We suggest in this paper a global random walk on grid (GRWG) method for solving second order elliptic equations. The equation may have constant or variable coefficients. The GRWS method calculates the solution in any desired family ofmprescribed points of the gird in contrast to the classical stochastic differential equation based Feynman–Kac formula, and the conventional random walk on spheres (RWS) algorithm as well. The method uses onlyNtrajectories instead ofmNtrajectories in the RWS algorithm and the Feynman–Kac formula. The idea is based on the symmetry property of the Green function and a double randomization approach.
Redetermination of the crystal structure of bis[N,N′-ethylenebis(acetylacetoniminato)nickel(II)] sodium perchlorate, C24H36ClN4NaNi2O8
Authors: Dey Lucky , Rabi Saswata , Begum Zinnat A. , Takase Tsugiko , Rahman Ismail M.M. , Tiekink Edward R.T. , Roy Tapashi Ghosh
Published: August 2021

C24H36ClN4NaNi2O8, monoclinic, C2/c (no. 15), a = 19.5909(11) Å, b = 10.8023(6) Å, c = 14.5722(8) Å, β = 112.032(1)°, V = 2858.7(3) Å3, Z = 4, R

gt
(F) = 0.0260, wR

ref
(F
2) = 0.0701, T = 93(2) K.
Navigating the Stay-at-Home Order with Benedictine Stability
Authors: Salim Emil
Published: August 2021

In this article, I argue that Benedictine stability might provide a rational modulation for some people to not only cope with but also flourish during the pandemic vis-à-vis the stay-at-home (SHO) order. I will not argue that those who obey the SHO are more rational than those who don’t or vice versa. Instead, I will argue that those who end up following the SHO, whether voluntarily or involuntarily, can rationalize following the SHO by learning from the Benedictine vow of stability. First, stability in a physical space reimagined as a kind of retreat from society might be beneficial for rejuvenating oneself and pursuing what one values. Second, stability negatively discourages people from escaping a difficult reality and positively encourages them to overcome challenges in the institutions in which they belong. Third, stability can be seen as a necessary context for the betterment of character.
Vildagliptin plasticized hydrogel film in the control of ocular inflammation after topical application: study of hydration and erosion behaviour
Authors: Nandi Souvik , Ojha Abinash , Nanda Ashirbad , Sahoo Rudra Narayan , Swain Rakesh , Pattnaik Krushna Prasad , Mallick Subrata
Published: August 2021

Vildagliptin (VID) is a dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitor used in controlling blood glucose level in type 2 diabetes. Vildagliptin improves beta cells function and is also suggested to effectively control the inflammation. The possible ocular anti-inflammatory property of vildagliptin has been explored using topically applied plasticized ocular film formulation. Film formulation was prepared by solvent cast and evaporation method using triethanolamine (TEA), dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO), and polyethylene glycol 400 (PEG 400) as the plasticizer in HPMC hydrogel matrix base. Anti-inflammatory study was carried out in the carrageenan induced ocular rabbit model. Analytical methods confirmed that the drug was present almost in completely amorphized form in the film formulation. Level of hydration, swelling and erosion rate of the film played the controlling factor in the process of drug release, ocular residence and permeation. Maximum swelling rate of 363 h−1 has been shown by VHT compared to other formulation of VHD and VHP (174 and 242 h−1 respectively). Film containing DMSO exhibited highest in vitro release as well as ex vivo ocular permeation. Film formulation has shown a fast recovery of ocular inflammation in contrast to the untreated eye after inducing inflammation. Plasticized vildagliptin hydrogel film formulation could be utilized in the management and control of ocular inflammation particularly with diabetic retinopathy after proper clinical studies in higher animal and human individuals.
Friction and Wear Characterization of the Tribosystem Scraper versus Rubber in Conveyor Systems
Authors: Molnar W. , Pejaković V. , Nevosad A. , Varga M. , Adam K. , Deschka S. , Badisch E.
Published: August 2021

Rubber conveyor belts are an important part of the transport chain in many industries, ranging from food processing to steel mills. In this context, it is important to employ scrapers, which remove adhering goods from the belts and reduce loss of these resources during transport. The tribological contact between belt and scraper is of high importance as this often is a source of wear and unintended energy consumption. In this work, the interaction between scrapers and belt was investigated by utilizing a pin-on-disk setup with and without abrasive intermedia. A strong dependence of friction and wear on the alignment angle between pin and belt was proven by the investigations. An orthogonal setup caused the highest coefficient of friction, but the lowest wear, while an increasing deviation from the 90° alignment, resulted in an inverse trend. Also, the geometrical shape and size of the abrasive determined wear, as larger, sharper particles enhanced wear. Abrasive particles likewise influence the tribological contact between pin and belt by reducing the friction compared with the 2-body contact.
Comparison of post-op quality of vision of spheric IOL and aspheric hydrophilic acrylic yellow tinted intraocular lens implantation following phacoemulsification cataract surgery
Authors: Hussain Safdar , Batool Asma , Akram Saba , Manzoor Hina , Arshad Ayesha
Published: August 2021

Purpose: To compare the post-op visual quality of spheric and aspheric acrylic yellow tinted intraocular lens following phacoemulsification cataract surgery. Place of study: Al-Majeed Laser Eye Hospital. Methods: Total 60 subjects (aged 40-65years) with age related mature cataracts were included. Data was assembled by non-probability convenient sampling technique at Al-Majeed Laser Eye Hospital. All patients presenting with mature cataract were include in this study without any other pathology and fundus abnormality. Pre and post-operative visual acuity was measured by using standard snellen visual acuity testing chart. For the purpose of accuracy repetitive values were taken for each patient. Post-operative vision was recorded one month followed by phacoemulsification. Comparisons was made between spheric and asphereic acrylic yellow tinted intraocular lens by applying (descriptive) statistics and paired sample t test for the analysis of results. Results: Quality of vision was compared post-operatively after implantation of aspheric hydrophilic acrylic IOL and spheric IOL in posterior chamber under the same phaco surgeon. All subjects after intra ocular implantation had better corrected visual acuity of 6/9 and more improved 6/6. There were found statistically differences in recorded visual acuity with aspheric yellow tinted iol implanation and spheric iol (p = 0.15) between the two types of intra-ocular lens. The mean, standard deviation, t-value found with spheric IOL were.1867, .18889, 2.517 respectively. However, of aspheric hydrophilic acrylic intra-ocular lens mean, standard deviation and t values found .800, .13493 and 2.5493 respectively. There was significant variance in statistics and quality of vision between the two types of lenses. Conclusions: This study concludes that post –operative improvement in quality of vision was better with aspheric hydrophilic yellow tinted lenses than spheric iol implantation. Implanting a foldable aspheric acrylic IOL gave much advantage in visual outcome to pseudophakes by protecting retina from light of shorter wavelength and decrease of chromatic aberration under the photopic circumstances particularly in subjects at hazard of age-related macular degeneration (AMD).
Can epigenetic expression contribute to the development of an obese phenotype?
Authors: L Tulp Orien , Awan Aftab A , Lewis Nasheria , P Einstein George
Published: August 2021

Human obesity results from prolonged caloric imbalance, where energy intake exceeds energy expenditure over a period of months to years. It is presumed to occur as a consequence of complex interactions between environmental and heritable factors, although the search for which specific metabolic factors or genes persist has been challenging and remains incomplete. Despite a relatively high heritability of common forms of obesity which represents between 40 to 70 % of the obese population, the identification and conformation of definitive genetic or epigenetic obesogenic variants that when activated may contribute to a susceptibility for excess weight gain have been difficult to confirm. The incidence of obesity, overweight conditions, and their close association with hypertension in the US is increasing at alarming if not epidemic proportions throughout much of Western culture and society in recent history. Despite marked advances in nutrition knowledge and practice, pharmacotherapeutic management, and life-style modifications, approximately one third of the US population is now overweight, and the resulting predicted increases in the cost of medical management of overweight and obese conditions and their commonly associated pathophysiologic sequalae are becoming burdensome to public health and to the medical community. The development of obesity in most humans typically develops gradually over a duration of months to years but occurs more rapidly in onset in most commonly studied genetic models of obesity, where it usually follows the expression of an autosomal recessive genetic trait. In humans garden variety obesity is typically attributed to a combination of incompletely defined genetically linked traits and environmental factors.
SPECT-CT imaging in the early diagnosis of osteonecrosis of femoral head after osteosynthesis by percutane screwing in the young adult: a case report
Authors: Fokoué Fabrice , El Mselmi Sanae , Alaoui Nadia Ismaili
Published: August 2021

We report here the case of a young patient victim of a road accident and having benefited from osteosynthesis by double screwing, in whom the clinical course was marked two years later by the occurrence of osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH) therefore the diagnosis was confirmed by a SPECT CT centered on the pelvis, supplementing a three-phase bone scintigraphy.
Surgery of very late intrathoracic esophgeal ruptures and perforations
Authors: Kotsis L , Kostic SZ , Vadász P
Published: August 2021

Objective: The reasons of delay and a more selective management of 7 unusually late esophageal disruptions is evaluated in this study. Material and methods: In case of a 13 day-old rupture, left transthoracic debribement, primary repair with hiatusplasty was done. In a 6 week-old postpneumonectomy leak, esophageal exclusion, fenestration, chemotherapy and Roux-en-Y bypass was performed. Closure with serratus anterior flap was used in a small esophageal leak with empyema which occured 4 months after pneumonectomy. In a iatrogenic, 9 day-old esophageal injury, suture, than Urchel type temporary exclusion was carried out. In a 6 week-old iatrogenic leak with localised empyema, Urchel-Ergin type exclusion with thoracostomy was used. As a first step esophageal exclusion and than decortication was performed in a 13 day-old rupture with empyema,followed by substenal colonic bypass 2 months later. In a 7 day-old transfixion esophgeal wound, suture with drainage was performed. The patient with closed esophagus was lost, for irreversibile sepsis. Results. Recovery time was 9 to 28 days. Conclusion: Even in such unique esophageal disruptions individual approach prove to useful.
Adverse impacts of mobile phone tower radiation on human health
Authors: Mohril Shriyash , Singh Sankhla Mahipal , Sonone Swaroop S , Parihar Kapil , Kumar Rajeev
Published: August 2021

These days mobile phones have become associated with elementary a part of our life, this is often one in every of the foremost necessary mediums for communication. Consequently, several portable towers are planted to hide additional areas, particularly in huddled cities and concrete areas. Now, the bottom stations made on these locations have transceivers that employ mistreatment frequency (RF) waves to determine communication among users within the mobile network. Because of the variety of base stations needed it will increase with bigger portable use with market competition, and with new technological capabilities. The microwave frequencies utilized in mobile communication cause thermal and non-thermal effects and leave a negative impact on the biological system. The quantity of RF-EMW radiation energy absorbed by human tissue depends on the frequency, intensity, polarization, and period of exposure. The EMR is recognized because of the major reason behind cancer. This review paper presents the potential biological and medicine health effects of high-intensity portable tower radiation.