bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The effect of employee's mindfulness on voluntary pro-environment behaviour at the workplace: the mediating role of connectedness to nature
Authors: Kumar Sachin , Panda Tapan Kumar , Pandey Krishan Kumar
Published: January 2022

Purpose

Limited research efforts have been undertaken despite the pivotal role of employees' voluntary behaviours in the success of organizations' environmental sustainability programs. In this context, the present study examined the association between employee's mindfulness (EM) and voluntary pro-environmental behaviour (VPEB) at the workplace, and also the mediating effect of connectedness to nature (CNS) on this relationship.

Design/methodology/approach

Grounded in the re-perceiving theory, a model was developed with EM as an independent variable, CNS as the mediator and employees VPEB at the workplace as the dependent variable. Based on the online responses from 421 employees working in manufacturing as well as services sectors in India, analysis was undertaken by utilizing confirmatory factor analysis, Pearson correlation and the PROCESS macro of Hayes (2017).

Findings

EM was noted to be positively influencing employee's VPEB at the workplace, and the mediation analysis indicated that CNS partially intervenes in this relationship.

Practical implications

Corporate leaders striving to achieve the organization's environmental sustainability goals could strive to build a pro-environment culture at the workplace by developing employees' mindfulness and sense of CNS. As the findings have depicted, this would positively influence employee's VPEB at the workplace which in turn will help organizations in achieving their environmental sustainability goals.

Originality/value

This study is the first to examine how EM through CNS motivates employees to engage in VPEB, especially in the organizations' context. Moreover, the re-perceiving theory of mindfulness was also extended in the organizations' environmental sustainability context.
Succeeding in competitive arenas with arena-relevant marketing capabilities
Authors: Ehrensperger Elena , Greenberg Daria , Krohmer Harley , Nagel Felix , Hoyer Wayne , Zhang Z. John
Published: January 2022

Purpose

The purpose of the study is to introduce the idea of arena-relevant marketing capabilities and examine their impact on firm performance. Arena-relevant marketing capabilities are capabilities particularly relevant for success in a specific competitive arena in which rivals from different industries try to satisfy customer needs with alternative products and services. The authors focus on the luxury arena and pose the following research questions: Which are the arena-relevant marketing capabilities in the luxury competitive arena (i.e. luxury-arena-relevant capabilities)? (2) What is the relative importance of luxury-arena-relevant vs general marketing capabilities for firm performance in the luxury competitive arena?

Design/methodology/approach

To identify luxury-arena-relevant marketing capabilities, the authors conduct a qualitative study among 21 top managers of luxury brands. A subsequent large-scale managerial survey empirically tests the effects of luxury-arena-relevant vs general marketing capabilities on firm performance.

Findings

The study identifies four luxury-arena-relevant marketing capabilities: perfection in product creation, exclusive pricing, luxury-congruent storytelling and luxury brand inspiration. It confirms empirically that they have a higher impact on firm performance within the luxury competitive arena than general marketing capabilities.

Originality/value

The study takes an innovative perspective on marketing capabilities by linking them with the concept of a competitive arena and underlines the academic relevance of the concept of arena-relevant marketing capabilities for explaining firm performance.
Public health insurance for elderly: did researchers recognise health as human right for elderly?
Authors: Agrawal Gaurav , Mishra Aditi
Published: January 2022

Purpose

This study aims to shed some light on the subject matter of the exploration of public medical coverage and elderly done as such far across the world. To achieve this objective, a comprehensive bibliometric examination was used to investigate papers published between the years 1960 and 2020. An aggregate of 366 papers was selected and analysed for the same. The investigation endeavours to recognise the journals with outstanding performance in this field, distribution of papers concerning the year of their publication, most referred to papers. Then various maps depicting bibliometric networks are provided, namely, the joint-authorship network map, inter-country joint-authorship network map and keyword co-occurrence network map.

Design/methodology/approach

To achieve the objective of this study, the Scopus database was used for comprehending the vast magnitude of information about numerous papers included in this paper. VOSviewer has been used to create a joint-authorship network map, inter-country joint-authorship network map and keywords concurrences network map.

Findings

The result of this investigation demonstrates that the highest number of publications came out in the year 2019, the most notable journal is Journal of Aging and Social Policy, and the most referred to research paper is about long-term care insurance (LTCI) in Japan. The USA is the most productive nation with the most elevated number of papers published under its name. Tamiya N. has teamed up with the highest number of authors, which is 29. Again the USA is the nation that participated with the highest number of authors of different countries in the research paper.

Originality/value

This paper accord with the current writing on public health insurance and elderly. A much far-reaching and solid image of this sector is given using the bibliometric analysis technique. The authors keen on directing future exploration on this topic can take guidance from the results of this study.
Market liberalization's impact on management accounting: a case study focused on a regional trade unit of the Polish gas company
Authors: Łada Monika , Kozarkiewicz Alina , Bartnik Bartlomiej , Haslam Jim
Published: January 2022

Purpose

The impact of market liberalization on management accounting in a post-socialist context is explored by focusing upon a key regional trade unit of the Polish Gas Company, a former state monopoly undergoing transformation.

Design/methodology/approach

Insights are provided through a contingency theory framework, as modified through a configuration-sequential lens that considers management accounting as an expression of adaptation to a specific configuration of external and internal contingencies.

Findings

In the transitional context, the authors found that the direction, pace and manner of management accounting change were characteristic of a late adopter defending against market liberalization. There was a need here to overcome more barriers than in the case of a more established market economy, including through achieving a sufficient level of technological and institutional maturity.

Originality/value

The study focuses on an early phase of liberalization illuminating impacts through a case study of a regional trade unit in the key gas sector company in Poland. Little research has been done in this area following this approach and scarcely anything to the best of our knowledge on the empirical focus.
Are teachers and HE are on the same page? Calling for a research–teaching nexus among Ethiopian and Pakistani academics
Authors: Tadesse Endale Fantahun , Khalid Sabika
Published: January 2022

Purpose

Integrating research into teaching at higher education institutions (HEIs) has become a current goal of Western countries due to the reliability of this approach in promoting lifelong student learning and improving the teaching quality in higher education. However, integrating research into teaching is not as easy as “pushing a button”; instead, it requires the positive perceptions of teachers and university culture under the 21st-century higher education (HE) paradigm. With regard to HE in non-Western countries, only a small amount of literature exists.

Design/methodology/approach

The present study adopted a survey design to compare teachers' perceptions towards research–teaching nexus (RTN) among Pakistan and Ethiopian faculties.

Findings

The current study demonstrated that HE should furnish academics with a research environment that stimulates the integration of research into teaching to empower students with knowledge that they can use in future professional careers.

Research limitations/implications

Even though this study examines two nations with several HEIs, it is limited to universities that could be contacted, so future qualitative studies are needed in the HE systems of both countries to obtain a deeper and more comprehensive understanding of students' and teachers' actual RTN practice.

Practical implications

Aiding teachers with an intensive professional development to which illuminate teachers with research, teaching and integrating skills and reform the curriculum, which empowers teachers and students.

Originality/value

The study is conducted in Ethiopia and Pakistan public higher institutions.
The role of transformational entrepreneurship in managing a digital platform: the case of Yamamay
Authors: Dicuonzo Grazia , Donofrio Francesca , Fusco Antonio , Ranaldo Simona
Published: January 2022

Purpose

Transformational entrepreneurship (TE) is a concept referring to the ability of entrepreneurs to face global challenges, such as the economic crisis, to improve the well-being of the community. Considering the current scenario of COVID-19, the way digital platforms support TE in overcoming a crisis, specifically the economic crisis caused by the pandemic, was analysed.

Design/methodology/approach

To achieve the goal, the authors used the case study methodology. The interview was compared for the company analysed stands out due to its use of digital platforms as a tool to increase brand value. The authors conducted a semi-structured, open-ended interview with the entrepreneur and founder of Yamamay, a company operating in the retail sector. The results obtained from validity using the open coding method.

Findings

The main findings show that the implementation of digital platforms supported the entrepreneur in formulating strategic choices that allowed the company to continue offering its services despite the store closures imposed by the pandemic. The whole concept of traditional retail has been and continues to be revised, rationalising it and integrating it with a more omnichannel logic in which digital platforms play a fundamental role.

Practical implications

This paper provides market participants with useful information regarding the ability of this form of technology to support entrepreneurs in a crisis context. The results could also serve as an example for other retail companies regarding how to manage the consequences of the pandemic.

Originality/value

This contribution represents an extension of the existing literature that deepens the understanding of the relationship between digital platforms and TE in a particular scenario, such as the COVID-19 pandemic. The effect of business decisions on the adoption of digital platforms to meet increasing and changing customer needs has been examined.
Paradoxical leadership as sensegiving: stimulating change-readiness and change-oriented performance
Authors: Sparr Jennifer L. , van Knippenberg Daan , Kearney Eric
Published: January 2022

Purpose

Paradoxical leadership (PL) is an emerging perspective to understand how leaders help followers deal with paradoxical demands. Recently, the positive relationship between PL and follower performance was established. This paper builds on and extends this research by interpreting PL as sensegiving and developing theory about mediation in the relationship between PL and adaptive and proactive performance.

Design/methodology/approach

The paper develops a new measure for PL as sensegiving and provides a test of the mediation model with data from two different sources and two measurement times in a German company.

Findings

Multilevel mediation analysis (N = 154) supports the mediation model.

Originality/value

The paper presents sensegiving about paradox as a core element of PL, which informs the choice of change-readiness as mediator. This study also develops and validates a scale to measure PL in future research.
An examination of job embeddedness and organizational commitment in the context of HRD practices
Authors: Philip Jestine , Medina-Craven Michele N.
Published: January 2022

Purpose

This paper aims to apply the theoretical perspective of job embeddedness to delineate how organizations could bundle and implement specific HRD practices that cater to fit, connections and the psychological costs of leaving to influence employees’ organizational commitment.

Design/methodology/approach

Using a dual-study approach, the current research uses survey responses collected from two samples of working adults to test the theorized framework using structural equation modelling.

Findings

Replicated results reveal that on-the-job embeddedness predicts affective commitment. There was no association between embeddedness at the community level and organizational commitment in either study.

Originality/value

This research offers a fresh perspective to explore the direct influence that embeddedness has on organizational commitment in the context of HRD practices.
Exploring layers of context-related work-from-home demands during COVID-19
Authors: Manroop Laxmikant , Petrovski Daniela
Published: January 2022

Purpose

This article identifies the contextual demands impacting the work from home (WFH) experience during the COVID-19 pandemic and considers their respective impact on employees' personal and work-related outcomes.

Design/methodology/approach

Drawing on a qualitative methodology, the authors thematically analyzed written narratives from 41 employees who had been required to work from home during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Findings

Data analysis identified four layers of contextual demands (omnibus, task, social and personal) that had resulted in participants being required to work from home. Drawing on this finding, the authors develop a conceptual process model to extend current theory and explain how the respective demands impact individual affective reactions and work-related experiences, health and wellbeing. The authors’ findings offer new insights into contexts where WFH becomes mandatory, indicating that it is characterized by a range of challenges and opportunities.

Practical implications

This paper signals the need to provide employees with a realistic preview of working from home demands, including interventions to better prepare them to navigate the daily stressors of working from home; and provision of virtual employee assistance programs in the form of online counseling.

Originality/value

This paper explores a unique phenomenon – the mandatory requirement to work from home during the COVID-19 pandemic and its impact on employees' personal and work-related experiences and outcomes.
Biological Flora of Britain and Ireland:Hammarbya paludosa
Authors: Tatarenko Irina , Zhmylev Pavel , Voronina Elena , Longrigg Sarah
Published: January 2022

This account presents information on all aspects of the biology ofHammarbya paludosa(L.) Kuntze (bog orchid, bog adder's‐mouth orchid) (Malaxis paludosa(L.) Sw.,Ophrys paludosaL.), that are relevant to understanding its ecological characteristics and behaviour. The main topics are presented within the standard framework of theBiological Flora of Britain and Ireland: distribution, habitat, communities, responses to biotic factors, responses to environment, structure and physiology, phenology, floral and seed characters, herbivores and disease, history and conservation.

Hammarbya paludosais a small bisexual perennial forb. It occurs in open habitats in bogs, mires and heaths as well as semi‐shaded open woodland and, in some areas, in shaded coniferous forest. It is found in a few locations in the southern England (the New Forest, Dorset, Devon and Cornwall), in Cumbria and Northumberland, and in western counties in Wales. It is rare in Ireland but wide spread but very local in Scotland.H. paludosahas a Holarctic circumboreal range. Ninety per cent of known locations are recorded in Northern Europe and the British Isles.

Hammarbya paludosaoccurs inSphagnum, other mosses and bare peat, overlying a variety of superficial deposits and sedimentary, metamorphic and igneous rocks. The pH of the rooting substrates ranges from acidic to neutral and slightly alkaline. Its nutrient status is oligotrophic, although occasionally mesotrophic, and very rarely eutrophic. It grows well in conditions of consistent lateral flow of water in the substratum.

Hammarbya paludosais visited by small insects of the order Diptera. Two species of gnats are recorded as orchid pollinators: Phronia digitataandSciara thomae. It produces a small amount of nectar but is often considered as non‐rewarding. The seeds are dust‐like, dispersed by wind and water and the species has a short‐term seed bank. Tiny bulbils (propagules) are formed on the leaf margins. They are dispersed by water.

Hammarbya paludosahas declined in Britain since the late 19th century primarily due to drainage of its mire habitats in lowland regions of southern and eastern England and Wales. The decline slowed down by the 2000s, and new locations have been found in Scotland and Ireland.
Changing occupational roles for the young adult with cancer: A longitudinal case study
Authors: Wallis Amy , Meredith Pamela , Stanley Mandy
Published: January 2022

Introduction

Young adulthood is a period of rapid occupational role development. While the impact of a cancer diagnosis at this time is likely to be substantial, little research has addressed this topic. The aims of this study were to gain insights into the impact of cancer on occupational roles throughout the cancer disease trajectory, from diagnosis to the palliative stage, for one young person.

Methods

A longitudinal case study design was used. Five semi‐structured interviews, layered with photo elicitation, were conducted over 3 years. Qualitative data were analysed thematically.

Results

Three themes emerged: the adjusted plan, establishing rules, and damage control and self‐preservation. Challenges impacting participation in, and meaning of, and the occupational roles themselves shifted over time.

Conclusion

Findings provide knowledge of occupational adaptation, and the reconstruction of occupational role identity and participation, of the young adult living with cancer along the disease trajectory.
What Role Can Agricultural Policies Play in Encouraging Healthier Diets?
Authors: Brooks Jonathan , Giner Céline
Published: January 2022

Over the past twenty years, the effects of agricultural policies on nutrition have received increasing attention from policymakers. A major reason is a worsening epidemic of overweight and obesity that, on top of persistent hunger and undernutrition, has alarming consequences for public health. Excessive calorie consumption and unbalanced diets underpin this trend. Agricultural production fundamentally responds to, rather than drives, final food demands. However, some aspects of structural change within the sector, in particular productivity‐led price declines for energy dense food staples, may be contributing to over‐consumption and unbalanced diets. Agricultural policies that lower the prices of basic food commodities, in particular support for productivity enhancing investments, may reinforce that structural tendency. Yet productivity growth also improves poor people’s access to affordable food and will be essential for sustainable production growth. Prices cannot be used to achieve multiple and often competing policy goals or as the primary lever to arbitrate among them. Ultimately, the challenge for policymakers is to provide effective choices to consumers, and change dietary habits and customs, so that consumers limit their consumption of any product or specific ingredient to healthy amounts at any given price level.
Effect of the addition of high‐temperature water on the properties of batter and bread made from gluten‐free rice flour
Authors: Saito Kumiko , Okouchi Maya , Yamaguchi Mana , Takechi Tayori , Hatanaka Yoshiro , Kitsuda Koji , Mannari Takayo , Takamura Hitoshi
Published: January 2022

Increasing number of individuals worldwide are consuming gluten‐free products, for example, bread, for health and other reasons. However, gluten‐free products are currently expensive and/or their preparation involves the use of specialist machinery or food additives. In this study, we focused on the thickening effect of starch gelatinization and attempted to develop a novel method for gluten‐free rice flour bread production without the use of additives. We aimed to determine the effect of adding high‐temperature water to gluten‐free rice flour on the properties of the resulting batter, primarily gelatinization. The water was tested at temperatures between 50 and 80°C, in 2°C increments. For comparison, control bread from gluten‐free rice flour was made using cold (5°C) water. The addition of water at a temperature between 66 and 70°C significantly improved the specific volume and firmness of bread (p < 0.05, Dunnett's test; compared with control). Additionally, maintaining the gelatinization temperature of the bread batter for approximately 1–10 s and the degree of gelatinization of batter, approximately 5%–10%, were crucial for obtaining good‐quality bread. Further, the addition of water at a temperature above 78°C adversely affected the bread‐making properties. This simple method developed for making high‐quality bread from gluten‐free rice flour will make gluten‐free bread products more widely available to and acceptable by the consumers.

Practical Application

Currently, making high‐quality bread from gluten‐free rice flour involves the use of food additives or special rice flour. Here, we present a simple method for producing high‐quality bread by manipulating the temperature of water added during the preparation of rice flour batter. We optimized the method by analyzing the gelatinization properties of the batter and determined the optimal water temperature suitable for bread making. This method yields high‐quality gluten‐free bread and is cost‐effective and simple to implement.
A study using single‐locus and multi‐locus genome‐wide association study to identify genes associated with teat number in Hu sheep
Authors: Zhao Yuhetian , Pu Yabin , Liang Benmeng , Bai Tianyou , Liu Yue , Jiang Lin , Ma Yuehui
Published: January 2022

The multiple teats trait is common in many species of mammals and is considered related to lactation ability in swine. However, in Hu sheep, related gene research is still relatively limited. In this study, a genome‐wide association study was used to identify genetic markers and genes related to the number of teats in the Hu sheep population, a native Chinese sheep breed. A single marker method and several multi‐locus methods were utilized. A total of 61 SNPs were found to be related to the number of teats. Among these, 11 SNPs and one SNP were consistently detected by two and three multi‐locus models respectively. Four SNPs were concordantly identified between the single marker and multi‐locus methods. We also performed quantitative real‐time PCR testing of these identified candidate genes, identifying three genes with significantly different expression. Our study suggested that the LHFP, DPYSL2, and TDP‐43 genes may be related to the number of teats in sheep. The combination of single and multi‐locus GWAS detected additional SNPs not found with only one model. Our results provide new and important insights into the genetic mechanisms of the mammalian multiparous teat phenotype. These findings may be useful for future breeding and understanding the genetics of sheep and other livestock.
Short‐term efficacy and safety of TurboHawk atherectomy for in‐stent restenosis in peripheral artery disease: a single‐centre experience
Authors: Qin Yi , Shi Yan , Zhuo Huawei , Yu Tong , Wang Wei , Li Xiaoqiang , Da Lun , Ran Feng
Published: January 2022

Background

Information regarding the efficacy of the TurboHawk atherectomy for the treatment of in‐stent restenosis (ISR) in patients with peripheral artery disease (PAD) of the lower extremity is scarce. This study was performed to investigate the curative efficacy and safety of the TurboHawk system for ISR in PAD patients over 60 years old.

Methods

The TurboHawk atherectomy device was used to treat ISR in 28 patients with PAD. The intraoperative, 2‐day postoperative, 3‐month, and 2‐year follow‐up data were obtained. Differences in the ankle‐brachial index (ABI), Rutherford class and minimum diameter of the femoral‐popliteal artery were analysed along with the correlations of the factors associated with patency.

Results

Twenty‐six patients (92.86%) had successful surgeries. All patients reported alleviation of pain and intermittent claudication after surgery. One patient who had a malignant hepatoma and coronary heart disease received an amputation on the 76th postoperative day and another patient who had atrial fibrillation received a thrombectomy on the 40th postoperative day. TurboHawk atherectomy increased the ABI (from 0.30 to 0.70, P < 0.0001) and minimum diameter (from 0 to 4.93 mm, P < 0.0001) and reduced the Rutherford class (from 4.00 to 2.00, P < 0.0001). During the 3‐month follow‐up, the median minimum diameter, ABI, and Rutherford class were 4.12, 0.69, and 2.00, respectively. No death happened during the 3‐month follow‐up.

Conclusions

The TurboHawk atherectomy is a safe and effective technique for ISR in PAD patients over 60 years old.
Measurements of basald‐glucose transport through GLUT1 across the intact plasma membrane of isolated segments from single fast‐ and slow‐twitch skeletal muscle fibres of rat
Authors: Rudayni Hassan A. , Stephenson George , Posterino Giuseppe S.
Published: January 2022

Aim

To develop a method for direct measurement of the fluorescentd‐glucose analogue 2‐NBDG transport across the plasma membrane of single skeletal muscle fibres and derive the theoretical framework for determining the kinetic parameters ford‐glucose transport under basal conditions.

Methods

A novel method is described for measuring free 2‐NBDG transport across plasma membrane of single rat muscle fibres at rest. The 2‐NBDG uptake was >90% suppressed by 100 µM cytochalasin B in both fast‐twitch and slow‐twitch fibres, indicating that the 2‐NBDG transport is GLUT‐mediated. Fibres were identified as fast‐twitch or slow‐twitch based on the differential sensitivity of their contractile apparatus to Sr2+.

Results

The time course of 2‐NBDG uptake in the presence of 50 µM 2‐NBDG follows a one‐phase exponential plateau curve and is faster in fast‐twitch (rate constant 0.053 ± 0.0024 s‐1) than in slow‐twitch fibres (rate constant 0.031 ± 0.0021 s‐1). The rate constants were markedly reduced in the presence of 20 mMd‐glucose to 0.0082 ± 0.0004 s‐1and 0.0056 ± 0.0002 s‐1in fast‐twitch and slow‐twitch fibres respectively. 2‐NBDG transport was asymmetric, consistent with GLUT1 being the major functional GLUT isoform transporting 2‐NBDG in muscle fibres at rest. The parameters describing the transport kinetics for both 2‐NBDG andd‐glucose (dissociation constants, Michaelis–Menten constants, maximal rates of uptake and outflow) were calculated from the measurements made with 2‐NBDG.

Conclusion

Free 2‐NBDG andd‐glucose transport across the plasma membrane of single rat muscle fibres at rest is fast, conclusively showing that the rate‐limiting step ind‐glucose uptake in skeletal muscle is not necessarily the GLUT‐mediated transport ofd‐glucose.
Mainstreaming global mental health: Is there potential to embed psychosocial well‐being impact in all global challenges research?
Authors: Madill Anna , Shloim Netalie , Brown Brian , Hugh‐Jones Siobhan , Plastow Jane , Setiyawati Diana
Published: January 2022

We explore if there is potential to embed psychosocial well‐being impact in global challenges research where the primary aims are not mental health related. We are interested in the use of material practices to deliver impact through routine project activities of working with concrete things together. The UK Research and Innovation (UKRI) gateway to research was searched for information on Global Challenges Research Fund (GCRF) grants from 2015 to May 2020. Analysis shows that only 3 per cent of projects self‐categorise as engaging with mental health. Thirty‐six non‐mental health GCRF grants were purposefully sampled for diversity, and each was coded independently by two researchers for relevant information. Findings suggest that 50–70 per cent of non‐mental health GCRF projects already engage implicitly, but nonstrategically, with psychosocial well‐being impact; opportunities for psychosocial well‐being impact, from most to least frequent, are community mobilisation, community building, skills development, positive sense of self, positive emotions and sociocultural identity; the presence of material practice from most to least frequent is as follows: (i) interactions between or enactments upon people, (ii) written materials or images, and (iii) objects; when a material practice was present, it was usually considered usable as a focus to enhance psychosocial well‐being. Our study provides evidence that there are low hanging fruit opportunities to impact psychosocial well‐being across Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) through routine project activities.
How to do things with food: The rules and roles of mealtime ‘things’ in everyday family dinners
Authors: Zotevska Emilia , Martín‐Bylund Anna
Published: January 2022

This study examines the local enactment of mealtime rules during everyday family dinners. The data is approached through multimodal interaction analysis and through concepts which reconceptualize materiality and agency. The study found that mealtime rules were generated and sometimes sustained in the continuous interaction between parents, children and food and mealtime things, especially in relation to material textures, for example liquid, solid, can roll, elastic. Family mealtime rules moreover affected how family morality emerged. The study found that family morality was about much more than parental concerns with children's eating, rather, it was likewise about play and enjoyment.
Improving species‐based area protection in Antarctica
Authors: Phillips Laura M. , Leihy Rachel I. , Chown Steven L.
Published: January 2022

Area protection is a major mechanism deployed for environmental conservation in Antarctica. Yet, the Antarctic protected areas network is widely acknowledged as inadequate, in part because the criteria for area protection south of 60°S are not fully applied. The most poorly explored of these criteria is the type locality of species, which provides the primary legal means for Antarctic species‐based area protection and a method for conserving species even if little is known about their habitat or distribution. The type locality criterion has not been systematically assessed since its incorporation into the Protocol on Environmental Protection to the Antarctic Treaty in 1991, so the extent to which the criterion is being met or might be useful for area protection is largely unknown. To address the matter, we created and analyzed a comprehensive database of Antarctic type localities of terrestrial and lacustrine lichens, plants, and animals. We compiled the database via a literature search of key taxonomic and geographic terms and then analyzed the distance between type localities identifiable to a ≤ 25km2 resolution and current Antarctic Specially Protected Areas (ASPAs) and human infrastructure. We used a distance‐clustering approach for localities outside current ASPAs to determine candidate protected areas that could contain these unprotected localities. Of the 386 type localities analyzed, 108 were within or overlapped current ASPAs. Inclusion of the remaining 278 type localities in the ASPA network would require the designation of a further 105 protected areas. Twenty‐four of these areas included human infrastructure disturbance. Given the slow rate of ASPA designation, growing pace of human impacts on the continent, and the management burden associated with ASPAs, we propose ways in which the type locality criterion might best be deployed. These include a comprehensive, systematic conservation planning approach and an alternative emphasis on the habitat of species, rather than on a single locality.
Psychokutane Nebenwirkungen bei Konsum und Missbrauch verschreibungspflichtiger Stimulanzien: Eine systematische Übersicht
Authors: Moattari Cameron R. , França Katlein
Published: January 2022

Wenngleich selten, so wird doch immer wieder von psychokutanen Störungen durch verschreibungspflichtige Stimulanzien berichtet. Es wurde eine systematische Suche nach Fallberichten und Fallserien zu Trichotillomanie, taktilen Halluzinationen und Dermatozoenwahn durch verschreibungspflichtige Stimulanzien durchgeführt. Insgesamt wurden die relevanten Daten aus 22 Fallberichten ausgewertet. Die meisten Patienten mit Trichotillomanie und taktilen Halluzinationen durch verschreibungspflichtige Stimulanzien waren männliche pädiatrische Patienten, die wegen einer Aufmerksamkeitsdefizit‐/Hyperaktivitätsstörung (ADHS) behandelt wurden. Die Symptome klangen nach Absetzen der betreffenden Medikamente ab. Patienten mit Wahnvorstellungen infolge des Konsums oder Missbrauchs der Medikamente waren in der Regel um Erwachsene, die Stimulanzien nicht bestimmungsgemäß oder missbräuchlich konsumierten. Obwohl sich die Symptome meist nach dem Absetzen der Medikamente oder einer Reduktion der Dosis verbesserten oder auflösten, waren bei einigen Patienten Antipsychotika erforderlich. Der beobachtungsbasierte Ansatz der Fallberichte und die geringe Patientenzahl schränkt die Aussagekraft einer Vergleichs‐ und Trendanalyse ein. Trotzdem sollten sich Ärzte, insbesondere Dermatologen und Psychiater, des Risikos unerwünschter psychokutaner Störungen durch verschreibungspflichtige Stimulanzien bei einigen Patienten bewusst sein.

Although rare, psychocutaneous disorders induced by prescription stimulants have been reported throughout the literature. A systematic review was conducted to identify all case reports and case series of prescription stimulant‐induced trichotillomania, tactile hallucinations, and delusional infestation. A total of 22 case reports were identified and relevant information was analyzed. Patients presenting with trichotillomania and tactile hallucinations induced by prescription stimulants were typically pediatric male patients being treated for attention deficit hypersensitivity disorder. Symptoms resolved after discontinuation of the offending medication. Patients presenting with delusional infestation secondary to stimulant use or abuse were typically adults who were misusing or abusing stimulant medication. Although symptoms typically improved or resolved after decreasing or discontinuing medication, several patients required the use of antipsychotic medication. While the observational nature of case reports and small number of patients limits meaningful analysis of trends and comparison, this study demonstrates that physicians, especially dermatologists and psychiatrists, should be aware of the potential for prescription stimulants to precipitate adverse psychocutaneous disorders in a minority of individuals.
Alopecia areata – Current understanding and management
Authors: Lintzeri Dimitra Aikaterini , Constantinou Andria , Hillmann Kathrin , Ghoreschi Kamran , Vogt Annika , Blume‐ Peytavi Ulrike
Published: January 2022

Alopecia areata (AA) is a chronic, immune‐mediated disease characterized by acute or chronic non‐scarring hair loss, with a heterogeneity in clinical manifestations ranging from patchy hair loss to complete scalp and body hair loss. An overview of the up‐to‐date pathophysiology and the underlying signaling pathways involved in AA together with diagnostic and therapeutic recommendations will be provided. Current treatments, including topical, systemic and injectable interventions show varying response and frequent relapses reflecting the unmet clinical need. Thus, the new emerging concepts and therapeutic approaches, including Janus kinase inhibitors are eagerly awaited. Traditional and emerging therapies of AA will be discussed, in order to provide physicians with guidance for AA management. Since the latter is so challenging and often tends to take a chronic course, it can have an enormous psychosocial burden on patients, compromising their quality of life and often causing depression and anxiety. Therefore, the psychosocial aspects of the disease need to be evaluated and addressed, in order to implement appropriate psychological support when needed.
How effective are ACF‐funded couple relationship education programs? A meta‐analytic study
Authors: Hawkins Alan J. , Hokanson Sarah , Loveridge Eden , Milius Emily , Duncan Misha , Booth McCall , Pollard Brittany
Published: January 2022

Since 2006, the U.S. Administration for Children and Families (ACF) has allocated $1.2 billion to a Healthy Marriage and Relationship Education (HMRE) policy initiative that provides grants to community organizations to support relationship education (RE) services for lower income couples and individuals. The policy aim was to help disadvantaged couples and individuals form and sustain healthy, stable relationships and marriages. A significant body of research on the effectiveness of these programs has now accumulated. This meta‐analytic study reviews all evaluation research reports of adult couple relationship education (CRE) programs supported by the ACF policy initiative to examine their impact on an array of couple, family, and individual well‐being outcomes. Overall, our review of 32 control‐group studies found a range of small but significant effects for couple relationship quality (d = .114), relationship skills (d = .132), mental health (d = .074), and coparenting (d = .033), but non‐significant effects for relationship stability, parenting, and child well‐being. Supplemental analyses with 19 1‐group/pre‐post studies showed larger effects. Planned moderator analyses explored significant heterogeneity in most effects, however, revealing interesting implications for practice and research going forward.
Resilience and transformation: Lessons from the UK local food sector in the COVID‐19 pandemic
Authors: Jones Stephen , Krzywoszynska Anna , Maye Damian
Published: January 2022

How to ensure resilience of food systems is a key concern in the wake of the COVID‐19 pandemic. Notably, there is a renewed interest in the role of local food systems from policy, academic, and third‐sector actors, who see those systems as a source of “bounce‐back” resilience, supporting existing structures, but also as sources of “bounce‐forward” transformative resilience. Both perspectives move debates around local food systems beyond the dominant focus on social exclusion (defensive localism). The capacity of the local food sector to provide either form of resilience depends on the resilience of the local food actors themselves, which has been little investigated to date. This paper addresses this important gap in scholarship through an investigation of the “bounce‐back” and the “bounce‐forward” resilience of local food actors in the UK during the first wave of the COVID‐19 pandemic. We advance resilience scholarship by developing an analytical framework which combines attention to resilience characteristics (“what is there”) and to the systemic forces that enable and constrain their development (“how things work”). Attention to social capital, we argue, is crucial to understanding transformative resilience. We present rich qualitative data to illustrate the multi‐faceted impacts of the COVID‐19 pandemic on local food system actors in the UK. This is complemented with a review of relevant policy and third‐sector publications which contextualise local food system efforts. We conclude that while strong bonding and bridging capitals support the local food sector's persistence and adaptability, a lack of linking social capital, most visible as a “middle‐class image problem,” is preventing it from achieving a transformative role. We argue that the local food sector needs to form alliances which would move it beyond a single‐issue topic, and articulate local food as part of place‐centred community resilience strategies that foster social capacities.
Geochemistry and Provenance of Springs in a Baja California Sur Mountain Catchment
Authors: Lerback Jory C. , Bowen Brenda B. , Humphrey C. E. , Fernandez Diego. P. , Bernau Jeremiah A. , Macfarlan Shane J. , Schniter Eric , Garcia J. J.
Published: January 2022

Fractured rock aquifers cover much of Earth's surface and are important mountain sites for groundwater recharge but are poorly understood. To investigate groundwater systematics of a fractured‐dominated aquifer in Baja California Sur, Mexico, we examined the spatial patterns of aquifer recharge and connectivity using the geochemistry of springs. We evaluate a range of geochemical data within the context of two endmember hypotheses describing spatial recharge patterns and fracture connectivity. Hypothesis 1 is that the aquifer system is segmented, and springs are fed by local recharge. Hypothesis 2 is that the aquifer system is well connected, with dominant recharge occurring in the higher elevations. The study site is a small <15 km2 catchment. Thirty‐four distinct springs and two wells were identified in the study area, and 24 of these sites were sampled for geochemical analyses along an elevation gradient and canyon transect. These analyses included major ion composition, trace element and strontium isotopes, δ18O and δ2H isotopes, radiocarbon, and tritium. δ18O and δ2H isotopes suggest that the precipitation feeding the groundwater system has at least two distinct sources. Carbon isotopes showed a change along the canyon transect, suggesting that shorter flowpaths feed springs in the top of the transect, and longer flowpaths discharge near the bottom. Geochemical interpretations support a combination of the two proposed hypotheses. Understanding of the connectivity and provenance of these springs is significant as they are the primary source of water for the communities that inhabit this region and may be impacted by changes in recharge and use.
Cancer risk in patients with migraine: A population‐based cohort study in Denmark
Authors: Elser Holly , Skajaa Nils , Ehrenstein Vera , Fuglsang Cecilia Hvitfeldt , Farkas Dóra Körmendiné , Sørensen Henrik Toft
Published: January 2022

Objective

The purpose of this study was to examine overall and site‐specific cancer risk among individuals diagnosed with migraine compared with the general population.

Background

Current evidence regarding migraine and risk of cancer is sparse and inconclusive.

Methods

We conducted a nationwide population‐based cohort study with data collected routinely and prospectively from Danish population‐based registries from 1995 to 2017. We computed the age‐ and sex‐standardized incidence ratio (SIR) as the ratio of observed to expected cancers among patients diagnosed with migraine in the study population overall, and by encounter type of first diagnosis (inpatient, outpatient specialty clinic, and emergency department). Site‐specific cancers were grouped according to etiology.

Results

We identified 72,826 patients with a first‐time hospital migraine diagnosis. There were 3090 observed overall cancer cases among individuals diagnosed with migraine as compared with 3108 expected cases (SIR 0.99, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.96–1.03). The cumulative incidence of all cancers combined from 1995 to 2017 among those with a first‐time migraine diagnosis was 9.47% (95% CI: 9.08–9.87). The SIRs for most cancers were consistent with absence of an association: 1.00 (95% CI: 0.94–1.06) for hormone‐related cancers, 0.96 (95% CI: 0.88–1.03) for smoking‐related cancers, 1.10 (95% CI: 0.98–1.24) for hematologic cancers, and 0.95 (95% CI: 0.85–1.06) for immune‐related cancers. Exceptions were SIRs for gastrointestinal cancers (0.78, 95% CI: 0.70–0.87) and for cancers of neurological origin (1.57, 95% CI: 1.40–1.76).

Conclusions

For most cancer groups, our results did not support an association with migraine. The exceptions were an increased risk for cancers of neurological origin and a decreased risk for gastrointestinal cancers. These findings may reflect a true difference in risk among individuals with migraine, or more plausibly they reflect other forces, such as differences in medication use, detection bias and reverse causation, or shared risk factors.
External quality assessment for one‐stage and chromogenic factor IX assays in samples containing Alprolix (rFIXFc) or Idelvion (rIX‐FP) and evidence that UK National External Quality Assessment Scheme for blood coagulation samples are commutable with patient samples
Authors: Kitchen Steve , Bowyer Annette , Lowe Anna , Jennings Ian , Walker Isobel D.
Published: January 2022

Introduction

There may be clinically relevant differences between results of different FIX assays in samples containing extended half life FIX concentrates requiring regular surveillance of assay results through proficiency testing exercises. Control materials used in proficiency testing must be commutable, that is have the same inter‐assay properties as those demonstrated by authentic clinical samples when measured by different analytical methods.

Methods

We assessed relationships between results with different FIX assays and commutability of UK National External Quality Assessment Scheme (NEQAS) materials containing rIX‐FP (Idelvion) or rFIXFc (Alprolix) by comparing results obtained using widely used one‐stage and chromogenic assays during a proficiency testing exercise with results obtained when analysing a series of individual patient samples using the same assay systems. NEQAS samples prepared by addition of either Idelvion or Alprolix to FIX deficient plasma were sent to 76 haemophilia centres in Europe. A total of 18 Idelvion and 22 Alprolix patient samples were assayed in a single centre. Two chromogenic and two one‐stage assays were compared.

Results

The pattern of results obtained for NEQAS samples and patient samples was similar. In all cases, the NEQAS sample data point was within the scatter of patient sample data in plots of patient sample results showing one‐stage assay results using Synthasil or Actin FS plotted against chromogenic assay results with Biophen or Rox chromogenic FIX kits.

Conclusion

This indicates that the NEQAS samples containing Idelvion or Alprolix were commutable and therefore suitable for use in proficiency testing exercises.
Scalable and tunable Y2O3‐MgO composite for infrared transparency applications
Authors: Kumar Kundan , Oh Hyeon‐Myeong , Kim Mi‐Ju , Ma Ho Jin , Park Young‐Jo , Kim Ha‐Neul , Lee Jae‐Wook , Ko Jae‐Woong
Published: January 2022

The process‐structure‐property correlationships in yttria‐magnesia (YM) composite have been investigated. YM composite was synthesized using commercial powders via ball‐milling route with three different grinding balls (Si3N4, Al2O3, ZrO2) having two different sizes (2 and 5 mm diameter). The alteration in grinding ball material and size produces sintered ceramic having different grain sizes (420–560 nm) and degree of phase mixing homogeneity (0.40–0.70). The contamination induced by the milling ball resulted in changes in Y2O3 and MgO defect chemistry, which influenced the grain growth behavior in the YM composite. The hot‐pressed composite prepared using 2‐mm Si3N4 ball‐milled powders exhibited the finest grain size (420 nm) and better phase mixing homogeneity (0.63). The subsequent impact was seen on transmittance efficiency (71%) over the 3–7‐μm wavelength range, which is ∼85% of the theoretical limit. The findings show that the selection of the right size and type of grinding ball for milling commercial powder is a simple and cost‐effective way for scalable production of YM composite with high transmittance efficiency for infrared windows and dome applications.