bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Influência dos diferentes tipos de pólen sobre a qualidade do fruto de pitaya
Authors: Lone Alessandro Borini , Takahashi Lúcia Assari Sadayo , De Faria Ricardo Tadeu
Published: December 2022

Resumo – Com objetivo de avaliar a qualidade dos frutos de Hylocereus undatus, flores foram polinizadas com polens de H. undatus, Hylocereus polyrhizus e Hylocereus costaricensis. Avaliaram-se aspectos como pegamento (%), peso (g), comprimento e diâmetro do fruto (cm), espessura da casca (cm), peso da casca/peso total do fruto, oBrix, número de sementes e peso de 100 sementes (g). O delineamento foi inteiramente casualizado, com 10 repetições. As médias foram comparadas pelo teste de Scott-Knott (p<0,05) e as correlações, pelo teste T (p<0,01). Para todas as fontes de pólen houve 100% de pegamento com correlação positiva entre peso, comprimento e diâmetro com o número e peso de 100 sementes. Pólen de H. polyrhizus e H. costaricensis proporcionaram frutos de maior comprimento e peso de 100 sementes, e H. costaricensis proporcionou frutos com maior peso e diâmetro.
Desempenho agronômico de genótipos crioulos de aveias forrageiras na região Oeste de SC
Authors: Jochims Felipe , Nesi Cristiano Nunes , Kavalco Sydney Antonio Frehner , Portes Vagner Miranda
Published: December 2022

Resumo – Foram avaliados a produtividade e o ciclo de seis genótipos crioulos de aveia-branca, um de aveia-amarela e dois cultivares comerciais, Guapa S2 e Fapa II. Os ensaios foram realizados na Epagri/Cepaf, de 2011 a 2014, em parcelas de 4m2, com cortes sempre que as plantas atingissem 30-35cm de altura, mantendo um resíduo de 5-8cm após o corte. Os genótipos mais produtivos foram Crioula Iporã do Oeste e Paraíso, com média de 5 t MS.ha-1, ambas com ciclo longo. Os genótipos Crioula Xanxerê, C. Pesqueiro Xanxerê (branca e amarela) e C. Guaraciaba apresentaram produção total média de 3,1 t MS.ha-1 e ciclo precoce, o que pode ser interessante para sua utilização em sobressemeadura em pastagens perenes de verão. O cultivar Guapa S2 apresentou respostas semelhantes aos genótipos de ciclo curto; o Fapa II e a C. Tunápolis apresentaram produções intermediárias e ciclo longo. Genótipos de aveia com ciclo tardio apresentam maior produção de biomassa que genótipos de ciclo precoce. Para sobressemeadura em sistemas com pastagens perenes de verão é preconizada a utilização dos genótipos precoces, com produção de biomassa concentrada nos 3 primeiros cortes.
Շիրակի մարզի բնակչության սոցիալական կազմի շարժընթացը (XXդ. վերջ-XXIդ. սկիզբ)
Authors: Բոյաջյան Արտաշես
Published: December 2022

The article presents the social structure progress of the population of Shirak region in the end of XX century and the beginning of the XXI century. The paper highlights the demographic, educational and professional characteristics of social structure changes of the population of the region. After Armenia gained independence and the USSR was collapsed, the policy pursued by the new authorities in our country, including in Shirak region, arose a process of privatization of state property, formation of public education-owners of means of production and hired labor, during which new polarized classes appear in society the riches, the middle class, the poor and the beggers. Annually, the number of employable and unemployable people is decreasing,due to it the percent of retirement age in population is increasing, which creates tension not only in the labor market, but also increases social charges allocated by goverment.
An Experimental Study to Explore the Effectiveness of an Online Arabic Teaching Program, to Improve Reading in Native Language (Arabic) in the Country of Asylum for Bilingual Children
Authors: HAFED Abdulrahman , ALKHALAF ALABDULLA Rami
Published: December 2022

1.6 million Syrian refugee children live in Turkey due to the war in Syria. Syrian children study in Turkish schools in the Turkish language, but many Syrian families return to Syria for many reasons, which make their children dropping out of school because they are illiterate in Arabic, which is the official language in Syria

The aim of the research is to examine the effectiveness of an online intervention program to teach reading in Arabic to displaced Syrian children in Turkey.

One intervention group of seven students was selected. Conditions are met: age 8-10 years, the child's mother tongue is Arabic, residing in Gaziantep or Kilis, can't read in Arabic, and Syrian nationality.

The reading test was applied before the start of the course, and then the reading test was applied after the course ended. The results indicate that is a significant effectiveness of the online course in teaching reading to children. The results also indicate that the parents' satisfaction with the course is positive.
Hasan Meydan. Postmodern İklimde Din ve Değerleri Öğretmek. (2022). İstanbul. DEM Yayınları. 178. 978-605-73807-5-3
Authors: ÇAKMAK Ahmet
Published: December 2022

Kitap tanıtımı çerçevesinde yazılan bu metin Hasan Meydan tarafından 2022 yılında yayınlanan Postmodern İklimde Din ve Değerleri Öğretmek adlı kitabı değerlendirmek için kaleme alınmıştır.
Digital Methods for Inquiry into the Eurocentric Structure of the Architecture Survey
Authors: Kive Solmaz
Published: December 2022

This article demonstrates how data visualizations such as maps and charts can expose Eurocentrism in art history and museums, taking as its case study a number of architecture surveys used as textbooks in introductory college courses.
Technical Report: Vanishing vaquita
Authors:   United Nations University - Institute for Environment and Human Security (UNU-EHS), O'Connor Jack , Higuera Roa Oscar ,   United Nations University - Institute for Environment and Human Security (UNU-EHS), Eberle Caitlyn ,   United Nations University - Institute for Environment and Human Security (UNU-EHS)
Published: December 2022

The vaquita is a species of porpoise on the brink of extinction with less than 10 individuals estimated to be left in the wild. Although not commercially targeted, the vaquita is collateral damage in an ongoing conflict between fishers, government and international illegal trade. Conservation of this species, therefore, must include provisions for and engagement of all stakeholders involved. This technical background report for the 2021/2022 edition of the Interconnected Disaster Risks report analyses the root causes, drivers, impacts and potential solutions for the vanishing vaquita through a forensic analysis of academic literature, media articles and expert interviews.
An experimental application on energy harvesting with piezoelectric on asphalt pavements
Authors: GÜRER Cahit , AKBULUT Hüseyin , KORKMAZ Burak Enis , ELMACI Ayfer , YARCI Şule
Published: December 2022

With the dramatic increase in the world population, the demand for transportation and, accordingly, energy is also increasing. Clean and renewable energy sources are one of the most important research topics in all countries. The word piezo-electric that, means energy from pressure, is the ability of the material to change an electric field or electric potential as a result of mechanical pressure applied to some materials. This effect is directly related to the change in polarization density inside the material. If the material is not short-circuited, the applied loading and stress creates a voltage in the material. Energy production with materials that provide piezoelectric energy harvesting placed within asphalt pavements is one of the topics that road pavement engineers have been researching in recent years. This study was carried out as a preliminary study. In this study, experiments were made using different sensors to improve energy harvesting from asphalt pavements. The difference of this study from other studies was that different piezoelectric sensors were placed in the asphalt mixture samples and the measurements of the resulting voltages were made. As a result of the experimental study, voltages up to 0.210 V were obtained in the asphalt samples. The obtained results showed that this method is encouraging for energy harvesting and might be the answer for highway transport demand in the future.
On Bulgarian Dali-Questions and the Relation to the Subjunctive Mood
Authors:   Center of Linguistics of the University of Lisbon, Dimitrova Margarita
Published: December 2022

The subjunctive mood has been widely discussed from the perspective its selection in complements of volitional, directive and emotive-factive predicates (Picallo 1984, Raposo 1985, Ambar 1988, a.o.). Subjunctive questions and other type of subjunctive main clauses, on the other hand, have not been subject to much systematic research. Some works (Ambar 2016, Giannakidou 2016) suggest that, in main clauses, the selection of the subjunctive mood codifies the expression of the speaker’s evaluations. In line with this view, we discuss the syntactic expression of the Bulgarian dali-questions which do not consist in true requests for information but rather display a flavour of wondering encoded in the occurrence of dali and its morphological make up combining the subjunctive particle da and the interrogative particle li. Considering the properties of the Balkan subjunctive particles, we discuss the syntactic expression of Bulgarian dali-questions building on previous analyses of Bulgarian yes-no questions (Dimitrova 2020).
AVALIAÇÃO QUALITATIVA DA ARBORIZAÇÃO: ESTUDO DE CASO DA PRAÇA TUNUCA SILVEIRA – SÃO GABRIEL – RS
Authors: Filippi Teixeira Italo , Marques Mirella Silva
Published: December 2022

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar qualitativamente a arborização da Praça Tunuca Silveira, localizada no centro de São Gabriel - RS, visando, pelo uso de um processo expedito, obter dados para auxiliar no manejo da vegetação deste espaço livre público. A avaliação baseou-se em 15 parâmetros qualitativos:qualidade da copa, qualidade da poda, equilíbrio da árvore, contato com a fiação, deterioração do tronco, características de bifurcação, inclinação do tronco, fitossanidade, presença de hemiparasitas, afloramento de raízes, solo exposto, compatibilidade com o meio, distância para as construções e edificações, distância para o exemplar mais próximo, distância para calçada ou meio fio. Constatou-se que a praça apresenta 40 exemplares arbóreos considerados excelentes, como bons 81 sendo necessário o manejo dos mesmos para que não percam sua boa condição sanitária e aumentem seu vigor. O fator de risco de queda sem dúvida é determinante na supressão de árvores e a praça apresentou 13 exemplares arbóreos classificados como péssimos, além de 3 mortos, sendo indicada a supressão destes para evitar potenciais acidentes.
ÁREAS VERDES, POPULAÇÃO E RENDA EM CURITIBA, PR, BRASIL
Authors: Viezzer Jennifer , De Moraes Emidio Neves , Biondi Daniela , Martini Angeline , Scarano Fabio Rubio
Published: December 2022

O Objetivo do Desenvolvimento Sustentável 11.7 visa fornecer acesso universal a espaços públicos verdes, o que pode ser alcançado por um sistema bem planejado de áreas verdes (AV). Este estudo buscou, portanto, identificar lacunas na distribuição de AV relacionada a variáveis demográficas e socioeconômicas. Curitiba foi selecionada como área de estudo por ser internacionalmente conhecida por suas 1.182 AV. Dez variáveis sobre população, renda e AV foram calculadas com base em dados espaciais e divididas em 40 bairros agrupados. Foram realizadas análises estatísticas descritivas bem como correlações de Pearson, Spearman e Kendall. Os principais resultados são apresentados em valores mínimos-máximos por bairro (com valor médio entre parênteses): quantidade 12 – 113 (31,07); área média 0,00 – 0,66 km² (0,03); área total 0,02 – 7,87 km² (0,67); quantidade por área do bairro 0,35 – 12,44 AV/km² (3,98); área do bairro ocupada por AV 0,30 – 42,44% (5,03%); população por quantidade de AV 442,17 – 2.789,26 habitantes/AV (1.564,97); e índice de AV 0,65 – 269,56 m²/habitante (16,77). Correlações fortes foram encontradas principalmente para renda per capita entre a quantidade de AV por área do bairro (positiva) e a população por quantidade de AV (inversa). Os resultados mostram grande amplitude e diferenças relevantes entre bairros que podem auxiliar planejadores urbanos.
FENOLOGIA REPRODUTIVA DE TRÊS ESPÉCIES DE PLANTAS ALIMENTÍCIAS NATIVAS NA ÁREA URBANA DE FOZ DO IGUAÇU, PARANÁ, BRASIL
Authors: Huergo Elizabeth Martinez , Aoki Camila , Lima Laura Cristina Pires
Published: December 2022

Considerando a arborização das cidades, os estudos fenológicos podem contribuir com uma gestão mais eficaz, promover a conservação da biodiversidade e de serviços ecossistêmicos importantes. Apesar de sua importância, ainda há poucos estudos fenológicos desenvolvidos em área urbana no Brasil. Neste sentido, pretende-se contribuir para o conhecimento dos eventos fenológicos de três espécies de frutíferas nativas ocorrentes na área urbana de Foz do Iguaçu: Eugenia involucrata DC., Eugenia uniflora L. e Schinus terebinthifolius Raddi. As observações foram realizadas entre outubro/2019 a maio/2020, a cada 15 dias, em 45 indivíduos. A maior intensidade de floração de E. involucrata e E. uniflora coincidiu com o mês de maior precipitação na área de estudo. A frutificação das duas espécies foi observada entre outubro e dezembro. Tanto a floração quanto a frutificação apresentaram baixa sincronia (entre 20% e 47% dos indivíduos). Schinus terebinthifolius foi observada em floração e frutificação durante todo o período de estudo, isto é importante do ponto de vista de uso da espécie como recurso para a população e para fauna de visitantes florais e frugívoros e para coleta de sementes e produção de mudas, aumentando seu potencial de uso para restauração florestal. Os dados obtidos contribuem com a implementação do plano de arborização urbana do município de Foz do Iguaçu.
Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Pendapatan Pendapatan Petani Kopi di Kecamatan Betara Kabupaten Tanjung Jabung Barat
Authors: Halimatussakdiah Halimatussakdiah , Zulgani Zulgani , Prihanto Purwaka Hari
Published: December 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi pendapatan petani kopi. Lokasi penelitian adalah di Desa Bunga Tanjung Kecamatan Betara Kabupaten Tanjung Jabung Barat. Data yang digunakan adalah data primer yang bersumber dari responden petani kopi. Jumlah sampel sebanyak 120 orang petani kopi. Alat analisis  menggunakan regresi linier berganda. Hasil penelitian menemukan bahwa secara simultan jumlah produksi, biaya produksi, luas lahan, harga jual, dan jumlah tenaga kerja berpengaruh signifikan terhadap pendapatan petani kopi. Meskipun demikian, secara parsial, hanya jumlah produksi dan luas lahan yang memiliki pengaruh signifikan.
An interactive research dilemma using Twine
Authors: Hartgerink Chris , Sunami Nami
Published: December 2022

We present an interactive research dilemma based on dilemma #14 from the Erasmus University Rotterdam Dilemma Game. This is a gamebook, also commonly known as a choose-your-own-adventure. We created this gamebook in Twine as an experiment to use this storytelling format as a teaching tool and to simulate dilemma's in a playful manner.
Open Chinese Internet Sarcasm Corpus Construction: An Approach
Authors: Zhu Yizhang
Published: December 2022

Sarcasm is a commonly-used language phenomenon particularly on the Internet, which is often to convey criticism or negative emotions. A proper sarcasm corpus to help sarcasm study and detection can contribute to linguistic research and assist sentiment analysis, but an open Chinese corpus is found extremely lacking. In this paper, we referenced existing methods and data and constructed a balanced open Chinese Internet sarcasm corpus in a new approach to improve efficiency and data quality. The balanced open corpus contains multi-source and labeled 2,000 texts selected from bigger corresponding origin datasets. In our corpus, sarcasm and non-sarcasm, longer and shorter texts are both in 1:1 ratio.
Application of machine learning and data mining in manufacturing industry
Authors: Song Zheng , Luo Shu
Published: December 2022

With the rise of machine learning in various industries, the traditional manufacturing industry is facing a new disruption, which requires the use of different technologies and tools to achieve its production targets; In this regard, machine learning (ML) and data mining (DM) play a key role. This paper provides a statistical understanding of the main methods and algorithms used to improve manufacturing processes over the past 20 years by dividing them into four main themes: Scheduling, Monitoring, Quality and Failure, presents previous ML research and the latest advances in manufacturing, followed by a comprehensive discussion of existing problem solutions in manufacturing from multiple aspects, It includes tasks (i.e., clustering, classification, regression), algorithms (i.e., support vector machines, neural networks), learning types (i.e., ensemble learning, deep learning), and performance indicators (i.e., accuracy, mean absolute error). In addition, the main steps of database knowledge discovery (KDD) process that should be followed in manufacturing applications are described in detail, and the methods to overcome some problems and the advantages of machine learning applied to manufacturing industry are briefly described. Finally, the paper summarizes and further looks forward to the future development direction.
Chinese Text Sentiment Classification Based on ERNIE and BiLSTM-AT
Authors: Wang Jianrong , Li Naiyi
Published: December 2022

Chinese text sentiment classification is a sub-task of natural language processing. However, when text representation is carried out, the polysemy of a word cannot be processed when using the traditional language model to construct the word vector, and the long-distance text information cannot be fully extracted when extracting text features. To solve this problem, this paper proposes a text sentiment classification model combining ERNIE and BiLSTM-AT. First, the pre-training model ERNIE is used to obtain the word vector representation of the fused statement context. Then, the bidirectional long-short-term memory neural network is used to extract the context information and depth semantic information of the text. Then, the attention mechanism is used to assign the corresponding weights to the hidden layer vectors of each time step output by the BiLSTM layer, and the weighted summation is integrated into the sentence features. Finally, the softmax function is used to calculate the probability distribution of the emotional category of the text in the output layer. The results show that the proposed model can achieve high accuracy on both hotel reviews and takeaway reviews. Based on the pre-training model, adding bidirectional long-term and short-term memory network and attention mechanism is beneficial to improve the classification effect of the model, and has certain practicability in text sentiment classification tasks.
Carbon Dioxide Capture in Metal-Organic Frameworks
Authors: Dong Yuxin , Ji Yifan , Lai Ziyan
Published: December 2022

Excessive carbon dioxide emissions have caused several environmental problems. This has an unpromising impact on the Earth's ecosystem. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) attracted more and more attention because of their extraordinary specific surface area, adjustable framework and excellent stability in the effective capture and conversion of carbon dioxide. This article introduced the main synthesis methods of MOF materials, including ionothermal synthesis, mechanochemical synthesis, sonochemical synthesis and ultrasound synthesis method. Each synthesis method of MOFs has its advantages such as shorter reaction times or faster screening rates, which contribute to the development of the synthesis of MOFs. The key evaluation metrics for carbon dioxide capture using MOFs including adsorption isotherm, adsorption ability, enthalpy and high selectivity also were discussed, which have a direct impact on the capture of carbon dioxide. Additionally, the main carbon capture by MOFs in power plants, such as post-combustion capture, capture before combustion and oxy-fuel combustion were also highlighted.
Component analysis of ancient glass products based on hierarchical analysis clustering algorithm
Authors: Feng Yusi , Chen Hongkai , Zheng Xin
Published: December 2022

First, the attachment is pre-processed, and after the abnormal data are removed side by side, the bar chart is drawn to preliminarily analyze the relationship that lead-barium glass is easier to weathering than high potassium glass. Then the chi-square test is carried out to find that whether the weathering of the glass cultural relics surface is related to the glass type of the cultural relics, but there is no obvious relationship with the decoration and color of the cultural relics. Secondly, the statistical model of one-way ANOVA was established, and the difference analysis of various chemical components was conducted before and after the two types of glass weathering. The chemical components that passed the difference test had significant statistical rules. Finally, multiple linear regression equations are constructed to predict the chemical composition content before weathering. The 14 chemical components of glass were regarded as 14 indicators, and the principal component analysis method was used to calculate the principal component contribution rate and the cumulative contribution rate, and then the two principal components were determined. Then the principal component analysis was used to cluster the indicators, and the hierarchical clustering algorithm was used to generate lineage maps. According to the elbow principle, the number of subcategories of high potassium glass is 3, and the number of subcategories of lead-barium glass is 4, so as to divide the chemical composition of glass. The cluster group scatter plot is then plotted and the subclass results are highly reasonable. Then a stepwise regression model is established to analyze the classification sensitivity and obtain several indicators with high sensitivity, which can be used for more targeted protection and restoration of unearthed cultural relics.
Based on the analysis and identification of ancient glass products
Authors: Liu Sinuo , Zhang Yining
Published: December 2022

The chemical composition of ancient glass in China is diverse, and it is very vulnerable to weathering under the influence of burial environment. This weathering will aggravate the difficulty of identifying ancient glass types. There are a number of relevant data on ancient glass products in China. Archaeologists have divided these cultural relics into two types: high potassium glass and lead barium glass according to their chemical composition and other detection methods. In this paper, Kappa consistency test, statistical law, principal component analysis, k-means clustering analysis, logical regression model, gray correlation analysis and other methods or models are used to analyze the composition of these glass samples and identify their types.The Kappa coefficient is used to test the consistency of these three groups of disordered classification variables, and the Kappa value is used to judge the correlation degree of the three groups of disordered classification variables. Through the test, it is found that the surface weathering of glass relics has a certain relationship with its glass type; Later, we tried to explore whether there would be a more obvious rule when the surface weathering was affected by two variables at the same time. It was found that when the glass type was fixed to high potassium, the type of its decoration would have an impact on its weathering.
Comparative Analysis of Incomplete Business Data Clustering
Authors: Wang Rongxuan , Weng Longao
Published: December 2022

Incomplete values can significantly reduce the accuracy and usability of missing data. In particular, in analyzing commercial data sets, missing values often lead to the dilemma of data selection. It means that a common way to deal with missing data is to delete the sample that contains the missing attribute. However, this can lead to biased and invalidated conclusions, as some data are too critical to be omitted. Therefore, we should use some method to fill the data set rather than delete the data with missing values. The filling of missing data is divided into supervised learning and unsupervised learning. This paper compares six benchmark business datasets by adopting several different data imputation methods and supplementing the missing data with a clustering approach (unsupervised learning). The results are guided to dealing with incomplete business data.
Analysis of each components of glass samples based on the Spearman correlation coefficient model
Authors: Zheng Xin , Feng Yusi , Chen Hongkai
Published: December 2022

In this paper, Spass is used to draw the scatter plot between the chemical component content, and then the Shapiro Verk test (Shapiro-Wilk test) is used to determine whether the sample follows a normal distribution. The Spearman correlation coefficient (Spearman correlation coefficient) model was then established to infer the correlation between the chemical components of the glass sample. At the same time, the chemical composition associations of different categories of glass were analyzed. This paper predicts the content of chemical composition of different types of glass based on rich data, refine, classification and use gradual regression model, establish logistic regression model and classify unknown samples; establish Spearman correlation coefficient model to obtain the correlation of different types of glass, and then analyze the difference of the correlation relations, making the results more significant and reliable.
The working principle, application and comparative analysis of OLED and OPV
Authors: Hong Qianyi
Published: December 2022

People use organic technology to combine with existing electronic technology to develop many new products, such as OLED and OPV. The major benefit of OLED is that it doesn't require a backlight, self-illuminated, wider viewing angle, richer colors, energy saving, and more flexible. It has several applications across many industries. OLEDs have the trait of self-illumination. While thin film transistor liquid crystal displays, which need a backlight to function in contrast. Thus OLED exhibits high visibility and brightness without viewing angle issues. Other features of OLEDs including fast rate, thin thickness, and no backlight also makes it widely used. The flexibility, light weight, tunable transparency and large-area printing readiness of organic solar cells make them a novel form of solar cell technology. For OPV, it has higher quality, and are more stable and environmentally friendly compared to the other solar cells. They are also lighter.
The comparison between the CRT monitor with 3 new types of monitors: LCD, PDP and OLED
Authors: Lyu Xiubin
Published: December 2022

Display/monitor plays an important role in the daily lives. With the development of science and technology, more and more types of displays appear with a variety of applications. One of the earliest displays, the CRT display, served as the catalyst for the development of the display sector. It could still bee seen occasionally now even more than a century after it was created. The development of more sophisticated displays, including LCD, PDP, and OLED displays, is ongoing. They are all irreplaceable for various reasons, and each has its own special benefits. They exhibit better performances than CRTS. The purpose of this work is to compare the working principle, performances, advantages, disadvantages, application, and novel developments of the above four kinds of displays. In the process of summarizing the characteristics of these display materials, their future development trend can be predicted and summarized. Based on their design flaws, they can also be combined to find their improvement direction.
Malicious URL Detection An Evaluation of Feature Extraction and Machine Learning Algorithm
Authors: Wang Yichen
Published: December 2022

Cyber attacks are increasing rapidly today, and have a great influence on network security. Many of cyber attacks take place via malicious Uniform Resource Locators (URLs). As a result, various approaches have been developed to detect malicious URLs. One of the most competitive techniques is machine learning and deep learning. However, the detailed techniques concerning feature extraction for URLs and machine learning algorithm are still in the process of development. This paper aims to provide some references for screening out the methods of feature extraction and machine learning algorithm. In the designed experiment, the selected URLs are processed by two different methods of feature extraction, tokenization and vectorization, and lexical feature selection. The resultant constructs two different datasets (data1 and data2) for machine learning. Two traditional learning algorithms (Logistic Regression and SVM) and three ensemble learning algorithms (Random Forest, Gradient Boosting, and Bagging) are adopted as detection model for both datasets. The experimental results demonstrate that the method of tokenization and vectorization for feature extraction, together with ensemble learning algorithms can result in good predictive performance of malicious URL detection.
World CO2 Emissions: Simple Analysis and its Relationship with Global Temperature Change
Authors: Su Zilin
Published: December 2022

In the nature, booming CO2 emissions from the behaviors of human have adverse impact on the original Global Carbon Cycle. And this imbalance could cause the rise of global temperatures. This project collects the data of annual CO2 emissions as well as the global temperature change, trying to build their time-driving models independently with the help of regression functions and time prediction methods. By comparing between different models, we want to preliminary verify an assumption that there exists a limit of the ability of natural Global Carbon Cycle. If the amounts of CO2 in the atmosphere exceed this limit, the global temperature will increase. Also, whether the relationship between the increasing rate of global temperature and the CO2 emissions is linear or not is investigated. The conclusion shows that CO2 emissions and global temperature change have a strong and positive linear correlation, and if people produced less than around 20,000 Mt CO2 into the air, the global temperature could keep in dynamic equilibrium to some extent.
SOCIAL MEDIA MARKETING: A LITERATURE REVIEW ON THE EXAMPLE OF INSTAGRAM
Authors: KAFADAR Hande
Published: December 2022

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to analyze Instagram, one of the social media marketing platforms, by determining the situation in the context of relevant literature. Materials and Method: Document analysis, one of the qualitative research methods, was used in the research. As the working document of the research, within the scope of the purpose of the research, national and international publications in the literature related to the keywords "social media", "social media marketing", "Instagram", "Instagram marketing" were discussed. The content analysis of the studies found in the relevant research literature is offered. Findings: Consumers increasingly actively participate in promotions and marketing across multiple media platforms and communicate. Individuals' purchase decisions for a product or service are increasingly influenced by both psychological and socio-cultural elements, as a result of the development of technologies. In the relevant literature, it has been discovered that modern consumers obtain information interactively through marketing communication efforts, which is related to the active role social media play in consumers' lives. Results: As a result, businesses began to make new marketing strategies, and eventually, these astonishing and intriguing outcomes began to influence individuals' product and service purchasing decisions. Because consumption is no longer unilateral, and consumers now influence the marketing methods of firms. It is anticipated that the research results will shed light on the determination of the existing state of marketing knowledge.
Depression, anxiety, and stress among 1st year medical undergraduates in a medical college in North Kerala – A cross-sectional study
Authors: A Ajith , D Benny , H Ahammed , M Jija , Unnikrishnan Divya , S Midhun , R Harikrishnan
Published: December 2022

Background: Prevalence of depression, anxiety, and stress is very high among medical undergraduates and there lacks a proper platform for students to express themselves and facilitators to assess them.

Aims and Objectives: The objectives of this study were to assess the prevalence of depression, anxiety, and stress among 1st year medical undergraduates in a medical college in north Kerala.

Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 210 1st year MBBS students participated in the study. They were interviewed, basic demographic data, and depression, anxiety, and stress scale 21 was administered. The data were analyzed with Microsoft Excel.

Results: The prevalence of depression, anxiety, and stress was 12.9%, 43.5%, and 47.2%. Out of 210 students, 6% had mild depression, 5.7% had moderate depression, and 0.4% had severe depression. No one reported extreme depression. About 16.6% of total students had mild anxiety, 20.9% had moderate anxiety, 6.6% had severe anxiety, and 0.9% had extreme severe anxiety. Out of total students, 8.9% had mild stress, 5.71% had moderate stress, 26.6% had severe stress, and 6.6% had extreme severe stress.

Conclusion: The prevalence of undetected anxiety and stress is high among 1st year MBBS students studying in this institution. This study highlights the relevance of systematic screening for psychological problems especially depression, anxiety, and stress among medical undergraduates in the years to come.
Sedanter Ev Kadınlarında Pilates ve Mat Egzersizlerinin Antropometrik Özelliklere Etkisinin İncelenmesi
Authors: KADI Mustafa Nurullah , AYDOĞMUŞ Mert , KAYIŞOĞLU Numan Bahadır
Published: December 2022

Bu araştırma düzenli uygulanan pilates ve mat egzersizlerinin sedanter kadınların antropometrik özellikleri üzerine etkisini incelemek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Çalışmaya yaş ortalaması X̄=42,54 olan 22 sedanter kadın katılmıştır. Kontrol(n=11) ve deney(n=11) olmak üzere iki grup yapılmıştır. Deney grubu pilates egzersizlerini 8 hafta süresince, haftalık programda 3 gün ve günde 1 saat olarak pilates salonunda yapmıştır. Kontrol grubu sedanter kalmaya devam etmiştir. Egzersizler Pilates eğitmeni tarafından egzersizden önce uygulanmıştır. Egzersizlerde materyal olarak cimnastik topu, elastik bantlar, pilates çemberi, mat kullanılmıştır. Egzersizlerden önce ısınma hareketleri, sonrasında ise açma germe hareketleri yapılmıştır. Araştırmada istatiksel analizler IBM SPSS Statistics 21 paket programı ile yapılmış olup grup içi farklılığın belirlenmesinde çalışma grubunun sayısı parametrik testlere elverişli olmadığı için parametrik olmayan testlerden Wilcoxon işaretli sıralar testi yapılmıştır. Ayrıca grupların farklılığın belirlenmesi için Mann Whitney U testi yapılmıştır. (p
Russia-Ukraine War, its Impacts on Food Security in Africa
Authors: Nweke Chibuzor Chigozie , Obi Chinenye Blessing , Igweike Osita James
Published: December 2022

The study examines the pattern of food inflation in Africa, the extent to which Russia-Ukraine war impacted food inflation in Africa and find out whether the war going on between Russia and Ukraine is likely to instigate social unrest in Africa. The study was a longitudinal panel design. Three research questions guided the study. The population comprised 39 time series data points which spanned January 2019 to March 2022 on food inflation for the 54 African countries. A sample size of four countries comprising of Nigeria, South Africa, Kenya and Morocco were purposively selected. Data were sourced from Trading Economics database and analyzed using descriptive analysis trend analysis, mean, and percentage. Results showed that Nigeria recorded the highest food inflation rate relative to the other sampled countries. Morocco recorded the least food inflation rate. However, Morocco and Kenya were struck the most by food prices as a result of the war. The study also found out that the continuous rise in food prices has the potential to spark social unrest in Africa. The paper recommends that government at all level should ensure that security of life and property is guarantee. That way farmers can safely go about with their agricultural activities.
Forensic Accounting and Detection of Occupational Fraud in Nigerian Deposit Money Banks
Authors:   Department of Accounting, Afe Babalola University, Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria., Bako DONATUS Lovina , Vincent Atayi Abraham ,   Department of Economics, Plateau State University, Bokkos. Plateau State, Nigeria., Usman Dashol Ishaya ,   Department of Economics, Plateau State University, Bokkos. Plateau State, Nigeria., Sitdang Chinshaka Ayuba ,   Department of Economics, Plateau State University, Bokkos. Plateau State, Nigeria.
Published: December 2022

Banks play a vital role in the intermediation of financial resources in the financial system. However, the recurrent nature of fraud has made deposit money banks less effective. The study aims to examine the effect of forensic accounting on the detection of occupational fraud in Nigerian deposit money banks with a specific focus on data mining techniques, computer-assisted audit techniques, and trend analysis. Data were collected from primary sources using a well-structured questionnaire. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and ordinary least square (OLS) regression. The result shows that R2 and R2 Adjusted has the value of 0.917484 and 0.901904. The study then conclude that data mining technique has a significant positive effect on occupational fraud detection while the computer-assisted audit technique has a significant positive effect on occupational fraud detection and that trend analysis has a significant positive effect on occupational fraud detection. This finding implies that the detection of occupational fraud will be enhanced when forensic accounting technique is employed. The study therefore recommends, that deposit money banks should enhance the internal control systems with data mining techniques, computer-assisted audit techniques, and trend analysis feature to uncover asset misappropriation fraud in Nigerian deposit money banks by the central bank of Nigeria.
Personas con discapacidad y uso de la fuerza policial en contexto del estallido social en Chile
Authors: González Painemal Valeria Andrea
Published: December 2022

Las masivas manifestaciones acaecidas en Chile desde octubre de 2019 en el estallido social tuvieron como lamentable resultado graves vulneraciones de derechos humanos, donde personas con discapacidad también resultaron ser víctimas de la actuación policial en el control del orden público. Este articulo busca, desde la perspectiva del pluralismo metodológico en el contexto de la investigación jurídica, por una parte, dar cuenta de hechos que vulneraron derechos humanos de este colectivo, como un aporte a su memoria política usando como fuente medios de prensa e informes de derechos humanos nacionales, y por otra parte, revisar si los protocolos para el mantenimiento del orden público de Carabineros de Chile, principal responsable en esta materia, contienen disposiciones específicas para el abordaje de personas con discapacidad que pudieran haber evitado tales vulneraciones, en la línea de lo observado por el Comité sobre los Derechos de las Personas con Discapacidad en su informe final para Chile. Ante la ausencia de una normativa policial acorde a los derechos humanos de las personas con discapacidad se incorporan las recomendaciones internas que el Servicio Nacional de la Discapacidad ha proveído a tal institución y que fueron obtenidas por solicitud de acceso a la información pública de la Ley N°20.285.
Characterization of siderophore produced by Pseudomonas sp. MT and its antagonist activity against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense and F. oxysporium f. sp. ciceris
Authors: AMIN Mrugesh , VYAS Trupti K.
Published: December 2022

Siderophores are low molecular weight iron scavengers produced by bacteria to combat iron stress and also suppress deleterious rhizobacteria. In the present study, microbes were isolated from wheat and tobacco farm in Changa village, Anand district, India, and were screened for their siderophore production. Out of 11 isolates, 6 were siderophore producers as they produced orange halos on CAS agar. Isolated bacteria were examined for their hydroxamate, catechol, and carboxylate type of siderophore, and it revealed that all produced hydroxamate siderophore. Among all the isolates, a potential bacterium was selected for further studies and identified by the biochemical test as Pseudomonas sp. MT. Temporal effect on growth and siderophore production revealed that both were higher at 24 hrs of incubation and remained active up to 8 days and then after the decline. Siderophore was partially purified and chemically characterized by FTIR. A particle size analyzer measured the particle size of the siderophore and showed 91.36 nm in size. The siderophore producer and non-producer were examined for their ability to uptake iron by providing external siderophores, which gave positive results. The isolated bacterium was tested for its antagonistic activity against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense and F. oxysporium f. sp. ciceris, resulting in inhibition of both the species. Hence, Pseudomonas sp. MT can be effectively used to control Fusarium spp.
Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices related to COVID-19 among People in Kurdistan Region of Iraq: A Cross-Sectional Survey
Authors:   MSc in Community Health, Surgical Specialist Hospital-Cardiac Center, Ministry of Health-Kurdistan Region-Erbil- Iraq, Ahmed Shalaw Faris , Al-Banna Dara Abdulla ,   PhD in Adult Nursing, Lecturer, College of Nursing, Hawler Medical University, Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq, Shakor Jamal Kareem ,   PhD in Adult Nursing, Lecturer, Nursing Department, Darbandikhan Technical Institute, Sulaimani Polytechnic University, Kurdistan Region, Iraq, Nariman Sairan Khurshed ,   MSc in Oral Surgery, Assist. Lecturer, College of Dentistry, Hawler Medical University, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
Published: December 2022

Background & Objectives: Coronaviruses disease 2019 is a serious public health concern worldwide. The major style of a person is not identical to another person’s style in extensive areas including Iraqi Kurdistan where people have little knowledge about Coronaviruses. It is noticed that Coronavirus infection is not dealt with as required in terms of the expressed knowledge, attitudes and the practice taken. This study aimed at finding out the level of knowledge and attitudes of Kurdish people in addition to their practices concerning Coronaviruses. Methods: This study adopted an online cross-sectional survey design from March 23 to April 2, 2020 to collect data from Iraqi Kurdistan Region citizens who willingly took part in this survey and have been asked to identify knowledge, attitudes, and practices in terms of Corona virus. Results: The majority of the study participants were young and male gender (62.5%). Majority of respondents (92.9%) were optimistic that the government could take necessary procedures to reduce the risks of Coronaviruses infection. Less than half of the participants wore mask and gloves when they leave home (41.4%, 45.1% respectively). Most of the participants had good knowledge (74%), good practice (64.6%), and vast majority had positive attitude (98.1%) concerning Coronaviruses. Conclusion: Less than half of the participants who got engaged in this study wore masks and gloves whenever they go out. Hereby, the participants are to be provided with an extensive health education program so that they can increase their awareness of Coronaviruses infection.
Trans-Obturator Tension Appliance Tape for failed Mid-Urethral Sling when and how?
Authors:   Assistant Professor FICMS Urology,1Medical College, Sulaimanyah University, Sulaimanyah/ Iraq, Rashid Aso Omer
Published: December 2022

Background & Objectives: Female urinary incontinence is a significant health issue affecting adult women, most suffering from stress incontinence. It affects the quality of life. Recurrence after surgery is difficult for the patients and the surgeon. There is no precise data to show how to treat failed Transobturator tape. Transobturator tape with tension may be an alternative method in applying proper tension in the mid urethra to correct the incontinence. We describe our experience to evaluated outcomes of the second mid-urethral sling with tension to treat recurrent incontinence after the failure of the first mid-urethral sling. Methods: A prospective cohort study was conducted between Oct. 2012 to March 2019. A total of 16 patients with failed Transobturator tape surgery underwent second trans-obturator Mid-Urethral Sling surgery. Preoperative data and postoperative complications were recorded. All patients were followed for one year. Results: Sixteen women after failed Mid-Urethral Sling surgery were evaluated. At a mean follow-up of 7.5 months, the cure rate was 62.5% (10 out of 16) patients. Partial cure (improvement) was achieved in 25% ( 4 patients out of 16) and failure in 2 patients, 12.5%. There were statistically significant improvements after surgery in the Q-tip test and the number of the pads. Conclusion: Repeat Transobturator tape with tension treatment tends to result in good outcomes with a reasonable physician-determined success rate.
Knowledge of Men and Women about infertility Risk Factors
Authors:   MBChB, FICMS/FM. Ass. Prof. Family Medicine. College of Medicine /University of Sulaimani, Ali Bushra Mohammed , Polis Khalid Shamoon ,   MBChB; Senior house officer Family Medicine, Azadi Teaching Hospital-Duhok
Published: December 2022

Background and objectives: With the modern lifestyle of men and women and technological developments, many infertility risk factors have increased nowadays. Therefore, it is important to search for, prevent and manage these risk factors. This study aimed to explore the knowledge of men and women patients regarding risk factors of infertility in Duhok city. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 501 patients who attended one tertiary governmental hospital in vitro fertilization department and three primary health centers in Duhok city from 1st November 2019 to 15th February 2020. The data collection which included the interviewing questionnaire about the knowledge of men and women about infertility risk factors. These data were categorized into two sections. The first section ion about sociodemographic data. The second section is about infertility risk factors. The mean value of the total correct answers of the participants was considered the level of knowledge for male and female participants. Results: The age of the participants ranged between 18-70 years. The participants were males (53.7%) and females (46.3%). The overall knowledge about the risk factors of infertility was 50.51%. The participants reported that stressful life (77.8%), continuous use of anabolic steroids (67.3%), working in petrochemical industries (69.9%), and continuously wearing tight clothes can cause infertility (63.3%), and these results have statistically significant values. While they reported that continuous exposure to high light intensity (29.7%), prolonged standing (33.1%), continuous contact with chlorine in the swimming pool (30.9%), cosmetic products (24.2%), excessive chlorine in drinking water cause infertility (29.7%) and these results have no statistically significant values. Conclusions: This study showed that patients have an an acceptable level of knowledge about infertility risk factors.