bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Penerapan Algoritma K-Means Untuk Clustering Data Tempat Penyebaran Jentik Nyamuk Aedes Aegepty Pada Kelurahan Sumampir, Banyumas
Authors: Pratama Eva Argarini , Hellyana Corie Mei
Published: October 2021

Demam Berdarah Dengue (DBD) merupakan penyakit yang disebabkan oleh infeksi virus dengue. DiFaktanya, virus ini dapat masuk ke tubuh manusia melalui perantara antara Aedes aegypti dan Aedes albopictus. Kedua jenis nyamuk tersebut ditemukan hampir di seluruh pelosok Indonesia bahkan di dunia. Mengetahui demam berdarah merupakan penyakit yang berkaitan dengan lingkungan yang relatif cepat menyebar. Meningkatnya kasus DBD di suatu daerah, bisa jadi karena gerakan pemberantasan sarang nyamuk yang tidak dilakukan dengan maksimal dan berkualitas. Berdasarkan uraian di atas, penggunaan metode K-mens dalam penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengelompokkan dan mengetahui tempat-tempat yang mengindikasikan adanya jentik nyamuk penyebab Demam Berdarah Dengue. Hasil dari 9 data jumlah jentik nyamuk berdasarkan wadah yang digunakan sebagai sarang dapat diketahui, 2 cluster countainer tingkat tinggi untuk jumlah keberadaan jentik nyamuk terbanyak yaitu bak mandi dan pot bunga. 4 cluster counteiner sedang dan 3 cluster counteiner lainnya termasuk cluster level rendah. Untuk itu perlu perhatian khusus pada tempat-tempat tersebut jika sebuah rumah memiliki banyak jenis wadah.
Implementasi Mos dan E-Model Untuk Mengetahui Kualitas Komunikasi Jaringan VoIP
Authors: Prayogi Satria Yudha , Sinaga Sony Bahagia
Published: October 2021

Voice Over Internet Protocol (VoIP) is a voice communication technology (voice) that uses IP which can be done electronically and in realtime. In building VoIP devices used such as IPPBX Server, IPPBX Gateway IP and other supporting devices such as mikrotik. To design VoIP generally implemented using a local area network (LAN) or a wireless local area network (WLAN). In this study, an analysis of the quality of VoIP network communication is to determine the problems caused by communication using VoIP, so that VoIP can be used to maximize the existing internet network. This VoIP network can save costs when communicating such as video communications or video conferencing.
Analisa Metode El Chinix Traduisant La Realite (Electre) dan Weighted Product (WP) Untuk Pendukung Keputusan Perekrutan Karyawan
Authors: Sitorus Anggiat Selamat , Sihombing Volvo , Munthe Ibnu Rasyid
Published: October 2021

Human resource management (HR) is important to achieve company goals. One of the activities in HR management is recruitment, selection, and training. Recruitment and selection are usually carried out without using a system so that the calculations are still done manually. However, by processing data using the system, it can produce a decision in recommending prospective employees who can have a positive impact on the company. The company selection process is carried out in two stages, namely official selection and final selection in the form of psychological tests, interviews, ability tests, and communication. The use of the Elimination Et Choix Traduisant La Realite (ELECTRE) method at the official selection stage and the Weighted Product (WP) method at the final selection stage is a discovery made to obtain the best decision according to the required criteria. By using this method, the final result will be obtained, namely recommendations from several prospective employees who are fit to work in the company. The results of this system performance reached one hundred percent; the data from the system is in accordance with the expected calculations.
ImplementasiAlgoritma NaÃ¯ve Bayes Classifier (NBC) Untuk Analisis Sentimen Komentar Kebijakan Full Day School
Authors: Dewi Utami Yarma Agustya , Sihombing Volvo , Dar Muhammad Halmi
Published: October 2021

Sentiment analysis is an important research topic and is currently being developed. Sentiment analysis is carried out to see the opinion or tendency of a person's opinion on a problem or object, whether it tends to have a negative or positive view. The main purpose of this research is to find out public sentiment towards the Full Day school policy comments from the Facebook Page of the Ministry of Education and Culture of the Republic of Indonesia and to determine the performance of the Na-Ã¯ve Bayes Classifier Algorithm. The results of this study indicate that the public's negative sentiment towards the Full Day School policy is higher than positive or neutral sentiment. The highest accuracy value is the NaÃ¯ve Bayes Classifier algorithm with the trigram feature selection of the 300 data training model with a value of 80%. This simulation has proven that the larger the training data and the selection of features used in the NBC Algorithm affect the accuracy of the results. Meanwhile, the simulation results from 10 test data with 5 different NBC and Lexicon algorithms also show that the Full Day School Policy proposed by the Indonesian Minister of Education and Culture has a higher negative sentiment than positive or neutral by most Facebook users who express opinions through comments. The highest accuracy value is the NaÃ¯ve Bayes Classifier algorithm with the trigram feature selection of the 300 data training model with a value of 80%. This simulation has proven that the larger the training data and the selection of features used in the NBC Algorithm affect the accuracy of the results. Meanwhile, the simulation results from 10 test data with 5 different NBC and Lexicon algorithms also show that the Full Day School Policy proposed by the Indonesian Minister of Education and Culture has a higher negative sentiment than positive or neutral by most users. Facebook that expresses opinions through comments. The highest accuracy value is the NaÃ¯ve Bayes Classifier algorithm with the tri-gram feature selection of the 300 data training model with a value of 80%. This simulation has proven that the larger the training data and the selection of features used in the NBC Algorithm affect the accuracy results.
Metode Clustering K-Medoids untuk Aplikasi Pembelajaran di Masa Pandemi COVID-19
Authors: Sari Miranda , Munthe Ibnu Rasyid , Irmayani Irmayani
Published: October 2021

The central government took a policy to carry out social distancing with this social distancing having an impact on all activities such as having an impact on the learning process that usually takes place in the classroom turning into online learning using several supporting applications in the learning process during the Covid 19 pandemic. Such as using WhatsApp, Moodle , and Zoom for the learning process. Of the three applications commonly used by students and lecturers for the learning process, it can be grouped using the K-Medoids method which will get a cluster of preferred and disliked applications. The researcher took data from a questionnaire made with Google Form which was distributed to 100 students who often did the learning process with the three applications. Can produce a grouping of applications that students like and dislike in the learning process. By looking at the level curve in Figure 7. There are two clusters of red and blue. If the curved line to the right increases, there are many things that are not liked in the application used. Conversely, if the line from the curve to the right decreases, then online applications are less favorable. The results of this study can be seen from the curve picture that learning is most prioritized in the learning process during the Covid 19 pandemic using the Moodle and WhatsApp applications, and the use of zoom is not prioritized in the learning process. if the line from the curve to the right decreases, then online applications are less favored. The results of this study can be seen from the curve image that learning is most prioritized in the learning process during the Covid 19 pandemic using the Moodle and WhatsApp applications, and zooming is not prioritized in the learning process. if the line from the curve to the right decreases, then online applications are less favored. The results of this study can be seen from the curve picture that learning is most prioritized in the learning process during the Covid 19 pandemic using the Moodle and WhatsApp applications, and the use of zoom is not prioritized in the learning process.
Sistem Pendukung Keputusan Penentuan Siswa Teladan Menggunakan Metode Simple Aditive Weighting (SAW)
Authors: Lestari Indah , Purnama Iwan , Hasibuan Mila Nirmala Sari
Published: October 2021

Untuk memotivasi siswa agar terus berprestasi, MTs Al Falah melakukan kegiatan pengembangan potensi siswa melalui penetapan siswa teladan. Namun, penentuan siswa teladan tidak didasarkan pada kemampuan akademik dan non-akademik, tetapi pada subjektivitas kepala sekolah dan guru. Sehingga banyak yang mengeluhkan keputusan pemilihan siswa teladan yang tidak tepat sasaran atau layak menjadi siswa teladan. Belum adanya sistem informasi yang mendukung penentuan siswa teladan di MTs Al Falah, Kurang tepat dalam menentukan siswa teladan di MTs Al Falah, sistem pendukung keputusan dalam Penentuan Siswa Teladan menggunakan metode Simple Additive Weighting (SAW) adalah berdasarkan 5 kriteria, yaitu nilai pengetahuan, nilai keterampilan, pangkat kelas, ekstrakurikuler, nilai-nilai ekstrakurikuler. Hasil yang diperoleh nantinya berupa rangking siswa teladan. Metode Simple Additive Weight dapat membantu pihak sekolah khususnya dalam menentukan sejumlah persoalan mengenai pendidikan, salah satunya adalah menentukan siswa teladan. Karena metode ini merupakan metode pembobotan penilaian kinerja masing-masing alternatif.
Pengenalan Budaya Bengkulu Melalui Puzzle Game Bagi Siswa Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Elfianty Lena , Wahyudi Jusuf
Published: October 2021

Teaching aids at the higher education level are not something strange and rare, because the level of need in terms of material presentation is felt more useful and easy. Especially for the basic education level, a tool for delivering material to elementary school children which have been more conventional in the form of teachers reading or writing material, meanwhile, students copy what the class teacher writes. This habit of course will be slow and monotonous and can increase boredom in following the teaching and learning process.Â  To reduce the level of boredom and the less attractive way of delivering this teaching material, it is necessary to have a way that can arouse learning enthusiasm for students at the basic education level, namely in the form of visual displays using computers as the main tool with more material content. new and innovative. This is even more so if it is applied in the form of introduction to nature reserves, history, and cultural heritage.Â  The enthusiasm of the students while trying the puzzle game application based on the introduction of Bengkulu's culture and natural wealth encouraged the students to get to know and understand more about the importance of maintaining and being proud of the natural and cultural wealth of the Bengkulu people.
Efektivitas Penambahan Ekstrak Temulawak dan Daun Sirih serta Lama Penyimpanan terhadap Kualitas Minuman Herbal
Authors: Sihombing Dewi Restuana
Published: October 2021

This study aims to determine the effect of the comparison of the concentration of temulawak extract And sirih leaves on the manufacture of herbal drink. This research was conducted in the laboratory of processing and Management of Agricultural Products, Faculty of Agriculture, Santo Thomas Catholic University, North Sumatra, Medan. This research was conducted with a factorial Complete Randomized Design (CRD), which consisted of two treatment factors. The first factor Comparison of the concentration of Temulawak and Betel Leaf with a code (K), consists of 5 levels, namely: K0 = Temulawak: sirih leaves = 100%: 0%, K1 = Temulawak: sirih leaves = 80%: 20%, K2 = Temulawak: sirih leaves = 70%: 30%, K3 = Temulawak: sirih leaves = 60%: 40%, K4 = Temulawak: sirih leaves = 50%: 50%. The second factor is the comparison of storage duration with a code (L), consisting of 4 levels, namely: L1 = 1 Week, L2 = 2 Weeks, L3 = 3 Weeks, L4 = 4 Weeks.
Analisis Arsen Pada Berbagai Macam Beras Putih Dan Hasil Tanakannya Secara Spektrofotometri Serapan Atom
Authors: Tampubolon Sanggam Rosa
Published: October 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kadar arsen dari berbagai jenis beras, pengaruh jenis air terhadap kadar arsen hasil tanakannya yang digunakan untuk menanak beras, dan untuk mengetahui apakah ada perbedaan kadar arsen pada berbagai jenis beras yang beredar di kota Medan. Penelitian dilakukan di Laboratorium Pengolahan dan Pengelolaan Hasil Pertanian, Program Studi Teknologi Hasil Pertanian, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Katolik St. Thomas Medan. Sampel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah beras putih AA, kukubalam, IR-64, Cap Pocy. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan dua tahapan, tahap pertama dimulai dengan penyiapan sampel beras yang diperoleh dari berbagai jenis beras yang beredar di sekitar kota Medan, kemudian dihaluskan sehingga menjadi tepung beras. Tahap kedua dilakukan proses penanakan pada beras, setelah tanak kemudian dihaluskan kembali. Dilakukan analisa kadar arsen secara kuantitatif pada kedua jenis sampel tersebut dengan menggunakan alat spektrofotometer serapan atom pada panjang gelombang 193,7 nm. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian maka diperoleh kadar arsen tertinggi ditemukan pada beras merek AA yaitu 0,1293 mg/kg dan terendah pada beras Cap Pocy yaitu 0,0878 mg/kg. Penurunan kadar arsen pada beras AA yang tertinggi ditanak dengan menggunakan air RO yaitu 26,52 % dibandingkan menggunakan air keran, yaitu 19,52 %.
Influence of seedling age on growth, productivity and heat use efficiency of rice genotypes in North West India
Authors: BUTA SINGH DHILLON  , GURPREET KAUR  , G.S. MANGAT  , PRABHJYOT-KAUR
Published: October 2021

An experiment was conducted at Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India during kharif 2017 and 2018 to determine the effect of seedling age on growth, phenology and thermal energy utilization by different rice genotypes. The field experiment was laid–out in factorial RCBD design keeping three seedling age (25, 35, 45 days) and four rice genotypes (PR 121, PR 122,PR 124, PR 126) with three replicates. The prevalence of dry weather conditions especially during September month of 2017, which coincides with graingrowth phase was congenial for rice crop and was reflected in the yield and yield attributes. There was consistent decline in grain and straw yield of rice with increase in seedling age due to reduced leaf area index (LAI), dry matter partitioning to grain/culm and SPAD value. This may be due to prevalence of higher range of minimum temperature resulting into more respiratory losses and thereby leading to lower heat use efficiency. Among genotypes, PR 126 was found to be most heat use efficient owing to its shorter duration (93.9 days), where as PR 121 and PR 122 recorded the highest grain and straw yield due to higher accumulation of growing degree and more congenial temperature leading to more number of panicles m-2 along with the bold grains. It was also observed that increasing seedling age beyond 25 days caused sharp decline in grain and straw yield of PR 124 and PR 126 through effect on panicles m-2,SPAD value and AGDD; while PR 121 and PR 122 gave similar yield when transplanted using 25 to 45 days older seedlings. Harvest index did not differ due to various treatments.
Effect of heat stress on yield and economics of rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivars under different sowing dates
Authors: S.MOHAPATRA  , S.K.TRIPATHY  , A.K.MOHANTY  , S.TRIPATHY
Published: October 2021

An experiment was carried out during rabi 2017-18 and 2018-19 at Regional Research and Technology Transfer Station, Chiplima, Sambalpur, Odisha of Odisha University of Agriculture and Technology to study the influence of temperature stress at different sowing dates to on yield attributing characters, yield and economics of rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivars. Rice sown on 10th December utilizedmore thermal and heat units as compared to 30th December and 10th January sown crop. The differential yield response of cultivars to various sowing dates was found to be due to their differential tolerance against high temperature at reproductive growth phase. On an average, 15.7 to 25% reduction in rice yield was obtained in case of sowing dates where temperature stress coincided with reproductive growth phase. The crop sown on 10th December took maximum growing degree days units to attain differentphenological stages till physiological maturity. Number of grains panicle-1 and rice yield increased with delay in sowing time up to 30th December, whereas there was a decrease in duration and tillers m-2. December 30 sown rice registered the highest grain yield (7.3 t ha-1), grain yield heat use efficiency (3.2 kg ha-1 0C day-1) and dry matter heat use efficiency (6.8 kg ha-1 0C day-1). Maximum number of grains panicle-1, grain yield, grain yield heat use efficiency, dry matter heat use efficiency and benefit cost ratio of rice cultivar MTU 1156 sown on 30th December seems to be associated with non-coincidence of their reproductive growth period with heat stress and seedling growth periods with cold stress. Cultivar MTU 1001 showed moderate tolerance to temperature stress and thus recorded lower heat susceptibility index (0.65) and higher yield stability ratio (84.5).
Assessing the agroclimatic potentiality in Indian Sundarbans for crop planning by analyzing rainfall time series data
Authors: ARGHA GHOSH1  , MANOJ KUMAR NANDA  , DEBOLINA SARKAR1  , SUKAMAL SARKAR  , KOUSHIK BRAHMACHARI  , KRISHNENDU RAY
Published: October 2021

In order to assess the climatological risk in terms of the dry week probabilities and length of the growing period of Indian Sundarbans region for successful crop planning, the present study was conducted using long term rainfall data from 1984 to 2018 received in Gosaba CD (Community Development) block of Indian Sundarbans. The probability of a rainfall events with 25 %, 50%, 75 % probabilities were estimated. Markov Chain model was used to estimate the initial, conditional probabilities of dry and wet weeks along with the probability of two consecutive wet and dry weeks considering 10 mm and 20 mm rainfall thresholds. Length of growing period (LGP) was calculated using Moisture adequacy index computed by the soil water balance method of Thornthwaite and Mather. Weekly rainfall varied from 1.11 mm in 51st Standard Meteorological Week (SMW) with standard deviation of ± 3.41 to 88.49 mm in 29th SMW with standard deviation of ± 58.19.50 % chance of getting more than 20 mm and 10 mm weekly rainfall was observed from 20th (23.37 mm) to 41st SMW (30.64 mm) and 17th (14.63 mm) to 42nd SMW (16.87 mm) respectively. The risk of dry spells was very higher from 42nd to 17th SMW. Average LGP of the study area was 237.4 days with standard deviation of ± 29.88.Probability of a week being stress free growing period and moderately drought period was more than 50 % from 18th to 48th SMW and 49th to 5th SMW respectively. Grass pea, potato with straw mulch and green gram can be included in the rice based cropping system during winter and summer seasons for sustainable intensification of the cropping systems in Indian Sundarbans region.
COVID-19: Impact in endothelial function and therapy with Mesenchymal Stromal Cells
Authors: Longo de Freitas Carla , Okochi Alves da silva Priscilla Yuri , Pinho Franco Maria do Carmo , De Almeida Danilo Candido
Published: October 2021

The new pandemic of SARS-CoV-2 Betacoronavirus, has spread worldwide, and infected millions of individuals causing the disease denominated of COVID-19. Further on flu symptoms, due to the high tropism of virus, has most been observed in the COVID-19 pathophysiology: acute heart failure, thromboembolism events, acute renal failure, neurological and liver damage, and multiple organ failure, with special attention to endothelial disfunction. Hence, elucidate whether virus target the endothelium is a crucial step to understand COVID-19 pathogenesis. However, the permissiveness of blood vessels during SARS-CoV-2 infection remains unclear, but regardless endothelial infection, the vascular disfunction may occurred in response to molecular inflammatory signaling triggered by immune cells that attempt to limit infection. Thus, alternative therapies using mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) can change this scenario and help critically ill patients. In this reflection, we attempt to discuss COVID-19 pathophysiology with impact in endothelial function and explore the applicability of MSC-based therapies as alternative treatment.
Związek przyczynowo-skutkowy jako przesłanka zaliczenia kosztów postępowań sądowych do kosztów uzyskania przychodów
Authors: Ślifirczyk Maciej
Published: October 2021

Od wielu dziesięcioleci w orzecznictwie i piśmiennictwie wskazuje się, że warunkiem zaliczenia kosztu do kosztów uzyskania przychodów jest istnienie związku przyczynowo-skutkowego między poniesieniem kosztu a uzyskaniem przychodu bądź jego zachowaniem lub zabezpieczeniem (ewentualnie zachowaniem albo zabezpieczeniem źródła przychodów). Współcześnie uważa się, że zakładany skutek niekoniecznie musi zostać faktycznie osiągnięty, wystarczy, że jest obiektywnie możliwy do osiągnięcia. Kwestia konieczności wystąpienia wspomnianego związku przyczynowo-skutkowego jest podnoszona również przy badaniu dopuszczalności zaliczenia do kosztów uzyskania przychodów kosztów prowadzenia spraw sądowych, choć w tym przypadku zasadniczy cel przypisywany ponoszonym kosztom polega na zachowaniu albo zabezpieczeniu źródła przychodów. Wiąże się to z występującymi w praktyce rozbieżnościami stanowisk co do tego, jakie znaczenie ma w omawianym zakresie przyczyna wszczęcia postępowania sądowego oraz wynik wspomnianego postępowania. Przeprowadzona analiza ukazuje wątpliwą użyteczność kryterium obiektywnego związku przyczynowo-skutkowego między poniesieniem kosztu prowadzenia postępowania sądowego a zachowaniem albo zabezpieczeniem źródła przychodów. Przemawia to za porzuceniem tej koncepcji. Kluczowe znaczenie z punktu widzenia zaliczenia kosztu do kosztów uzyskania przychodu powinny mieć okoliczności związane z samym poniesieniem kosztu, a nie inne, przyszłe zdarzenia (np. wydany w sprawie wyrok sądowy).
Użycie metod weryfikacji cen transferowych
Authors: Jamroży Marcin , Sarnowski Jan , Tonia Artur
Published: October 2021

Składana po raz pierwszy za rok podatkowy 2019 w formie elektronicznej informacja TPR zawiera m.in. informacje
na temat stosowanych metod weryfikacji cen transferowych. Najczęściej wybierana była metoda marży transakcyjnej
netto, która została wykorzystana w 34 174 transakcjach, stanowiących ponad połowę ich łącznej liczby
(53%). Najrzadziej stosowaną metodą była metoda podziału zysku, której użyto w 488 transakcjach, co stanowiło
poniżej 1% ogólnej liczby zaraportowanych transakcji. Odzwierciedla to unikatowość tej metody, charakterystycznej
dla transakcji o wysokim zaangażowaniu unikatowych wkładów, wnoszonych przez podmioty powiązane.
pleroma – zu Genesis und Struktur einer dialektischen Hemeneutik bei Hegel.
Authors: Hamacher Werner
Published: October 2021

In the early 1970s, a group of scholars with the late Peter Szondi at its center formed at the small, newly founded institute for comparative literary studies in Berlin. Together, they adopted the thinking of deconstruction, which had only recently made its way to Germany from Paris and the United States. Werner Hamacher was not only one of them, but quickly became a figurehead of this way of thinking. His 1976 dissertation "pleroma – on the concept of reading in Hegel" shows how independently and originally he appropriates it. Quite self-confidently, he published it in 1978 with an altered subtitle as a kind of gigantic introduction to an edition of Hegel's texts. Now, this text, an extraordinary feat of philosophical scholarship, is for the first time available as a single edition, enhanced by accompanying documents, in the series "Klostermann Rote Reihe".
Baurecht Nordrhein-Westfalen
Authors: Schulte Beerbühl Hubertus
Published: October 2021

Die nunmehr 6. Auflage des Kompendiums stellt im ersten Teil das geltende Bauplanungsrecht dar. Dabei berücksichtigt es neben der stets fortschreitenden bundesweiten Rechtsprechung zum Planungsrecht auch die jüngsten Neuregelungen im Baugesetzbuch und in der Baunutzungsverordnung durch das Baulandmobilisierungsgesetz. Das neue nordrhein-westfälische Bauordnungsrecht wird im zweiten Teil auf Grundlage des Gesetzes zur Änderung der Landesbauordnung vom 30. Juni 2021 behandelt. Dabei wird besonderen Wert auf Systematik, Struktur und Instrumente des Baugenehmigungsverfahrens gelegt. Ein weiteres Kapitel widmet sich den teilweise neu geregelten bauaufsichtlichen Maßnahmen zur Gefahrenabwehr. Umfangreicher als in den Vorauflagen wird das öffentliche Baunachbarrecht mit all seinen für Ausbildung und Praxis relevanten Facetten dargestellt.
Wie Neues entsteht
Authors: Müller Stephanie
Published: October 2021

How can we explain change and the occurrence of novelty? Are changes governed by natural laws or do they happen by chance? In this book, the author analyses explanatory models of the so-called new mechanists in terms of the occurrence of new entities and their epistemological and metaphysical background assumptions. At the same time, her investigation is a methodological attempt to readdress questions at the boundary between scientific explanation and metaphysics, such as in the debate about free will.
Dogmatik der Grundfreiheiten in nicht harmonisierten Bereichen des Gesellschafts- und Steuerrechts
Authors: Bergmann Anne
Published: October 2021

The current state of European integration is to a large extent the result of judicial development.

The case law of the ECJ acts as the "engine of integration". This is especially true for those legal matters in which extensive secondary legislation has been lacking so far.

The present work contains a comparative analysis of the fundamental freedoms case law in the areas of company and tax law.

By comparing relevant decisions, the author derives general trends in case law, points out their specific features, and justifies them by taking into account insights from competition theory.
Abrechnungsbetrug im Krankenhaus
Authors: Wölfel Johannes
Published: October 2021

The billing of healthcare services is multilayered and complex. This is particularly true for medical services in hospitals. The historically developed reimbursement system offers room for billing errors and even fraud. This study examines the issue of billing fraud in hospitals, which has not yet been addressed by the highest courts. Based on the discussion in the private practice sector, case groups are elaborated, categorized and classified with regard to § 263 StGB (German Criminal Code). In this context, not only the criminal liability of directly acting persons is examined, but also possible criminal liability risks for the management level. The focus is on the executive management and the chief physicians.
Progression of β-Lactam Resistance in Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: Kumar Antresh , Kaushal Manisha
Published: October 2021

Staphylococcus aureus is a notorious human pathogen that causes superficial and invasive infections both in nosocomial and community-acquired settings. The prevalence of staphylococcal infections became more challenging after emerging resistance against topical antibiotics. S. aureus evolved resistance to β-lactam antibiotics due to modification and expression of penicillin-binding proteins (PBP), inactivation of drug by β-lactamase synthesis, limiting uptake of drug by biofilm formation, and reducing uptake by expression of efflux pump. The wave of resistance was first observed in penicillin by β-lactamase production and PBPs modification. The second wave of resistance emerged to methicillin by appearing methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) strains. Cephalosporin has long been used as the last resort for preventing MRSA infections, but resistant strains appeared during treatment. In progression to control MRSA or related infections, carbapenems have been used but strains developed resistance. S. aureus is among the high-priority resistance organisms that need renewed efforts for the research and development of new antibiotics and innovative preventive approaches. However, a lot of toiling is involved in devising an effective treatment against drug resistant S. aureus. This chapter aim is to retrospectively determine the progression of resistance in S. aureus, against different β-lactam antibiotics and their challenges of medication.
Impact and Management of Diseases of Solanum tuberosum
Authors: L. Oyesola Olusola , S. Aworunse Oluwadurotimi , I. Oniha Margaret , H. Obiazikwor Onyemaechi , Bello Oluwakemi , M. Atolagbe Olubunmi , A. Sobowale Ayodele , O. Popoola Jacob , O. Obembe Olawole
Published: October 2021

Solanum tuberosum (Potato) is one of the essential economic crops with the potential to reduce hunger due to its high yield per unit area of land compared with many economic crops. However, its yield losses due to pest and disease attacks could be as high as 100%, depending on its tolerance level and pest and disease. Over the years, several disease management strategies have been researched, ranging from synthetic pesticides to the formulation of biopesticides as disease control measures. Moreso, recent breakthroughs in genetic engineering have simplified plant disease management strategies by developing techniques for conferring resistance on plants. Potato is a vital food crop worldwide, and with the struggle to suppress world food insecurity, effective disease management strategies must be employed for high production of quality and quantity potato, enough to feed the ever-increasing world population. Therefore, attention must be given to how disease-free potatoes can be produced to meet the unending demand for food by the continually increasing world population.
Avaliação de vídeo educacional sobre implante coclear: a tecnologia assistiva pela voz do professor
Authors: Campello Mônica Azevedo de Carvalho , Oliveira Andreia Ferreira de , Kelman Celeste Azulay
Published: October 2021

O objetivo deste estudo é descrever e discutir a avaliação de vídeo sobre Implante Coclear produzido pelo Instituto Nacional de Educação de Surdos (INES), a partir do olhar dos professores da instituição. O estudo desenvolvido foi quali-quantitativo, tendo como desenho metodológico um estudo avaliativo. Por meio de um questionário elaborado e submetido à validação técnica, de conteúdo e empírica, 52 professores especialistas, ouvintes e surdos, responderam ao instrumento com o propósito de avaliar se o conteúdo do vídeo atendeu à demanda pedagógica sobre o que é a tecnologia, auxiliando-os a lidar de maneira eficaz com o aluno implantado. Como resultado, observou-se que o vídeo atendeu a demanda pedagógica inicial, porém revelou a necessidade de um aprofundamento em relação à prática pedagógica com esses alunos, por ser o INES uma escola bilíngue, cuja língua de instrução é a língua de sinais e a segunda língua, a Língua Portuguesa, apenas na modalidade escrita. Essa questão central trazida nas vozes dos professores relacionada a Língua Portuguesa em uma escola específica para surdos, leva a reflexão sobre um novo tipo de bilinguismo, onde o aluno com implante coclear pode se beneficiar dos processos de aquisição de ambas as línguas, tornando-se um sujeito bilíngue bimodal. Cabe ao Instituto refletir sobre a adaptação de seu projeto político-pedagógico atendendo a especificidade desses alunos, visto que ainda não vem efetivando transformações em sua organização para recebê-los, reconhecendo uma pluralidade linguística dentro de uma perspectiva aditiva e não subtrativa, ao se considerar que ou é uma língua ou outra.
Rhamnidium Hasslerianum (Rhamnaceae) é nativa no Brasil
Authors: Deble Leonardo Paz
Published: October 2021

Rhamnidium Hasslerianum (Rhamnaceae) é nativa no Brasil. Rhamnidium Hasslerianum é adicionado a flora brasileira, sendo sua ocorrência confirmada para a região central do estado do Rio Grande do Sul, onde foi encontrada em encostas rochosas e morros nos municípios de Júlio de Castilho e São Pedro do Sul. Rhamnidium passa a contar com quatro espécies nativas no Brasil. R. Hasslerianum é facilmente reconhecido por possuir hábito subarbustivo, e pelas folhas e verticilos florais com pontuações escuras.
Lignocellulisic Nanopouros Carbon Materials for Fuel Cells
Authors: Pļavniece Ance
Published: October 2021

Studies have shown that high-efficiency micro- and mesoporous activated carbon with high added value can be obtained on the basis of lignocellulose biomass in a three-stage thermochemical process. A methodology has been developed for the synthesis of nitrogen-doped activated carbon by synthesis with dicyandiamide in dimethylformamide suspension as a raw material using wood, its processing residues and wood char.
Slow Food Terra Madre: A Novel Pathway to Achieving Indigenous Australian Food Sovereignty?
Authors: Kruk-Buchowska Zuzanna
Published: October 2021

The aim of this paper is to analyse the participation of Indigenous Australians in Slow Food International’s 2018 Salone del Gusto-Terra Madre meeting in Turin, Italy. Slow Food is a global grassroots organisation created to promote local food cultures and traditions, and the organisation’s Terra Madre network highlights the urgent need to pro- tect the food-production systems of Indigenous peoples, valuing their holistic approach and recognising them as custodians of biodiversity. By creating a platform for Indigenous peoples to meet and discuss their challenges and ideas, and by putting Indigenous knowl- edges and stewardship of the environment at the centre of discussions about tackling glob- al environmental challenges, the organisation encourages its Indigenous members to work toward food sovereignty in their respective countries as well as on an international level.
Discursive Chain and Movement in Crisis-Driven Nigerian Political Discourse: Corpus Evidence from Herdsmen Newspaper Headlines
Authors: Akinlotan Mayowa , Ayodele Ayo
Published: October 2021

A central tenet of critical discourse analysis spells that language in discourse meant for mass consumption is often permeated with a reproduction and/or a resistance of certain ideologies, assumptions, and knowledge characteristic of different social groups making up the society. One of such best scenarios is news headlines narrating crisis- driven national discourse in Nigeria, where almost all national discourses are driven by certain inherent ideologies and political power. In this paper, we propose a discourse chain principle uncovering the underlying socio-psychological idiosyncrasies of the par- ticipants (inclusive of agents and recipients) and processes in most national discourses in Nigeria. Combining concepts in corpus methods with critical discourse analysis, the paper shows a basic approach to operationalising ideologies in notational form. Apply- ing corpus analytic method to 761 herdsmen news headlines extracted from Nigerian newspapers, the present paper nicely illustrates the extent to which these news headlines move the discourse-at-hand (i.e. herdsmen crisis) to discourse-around. Such movement is performed by reproducing institutionalised ideological patterns revolving around identity politics (ethnicity), religion, question of nationhood, corruption, citizenry distrust, and political power imbalance. The paper argues that this discursive movement is often driven by a chain of discourse that defines the existence of the nationhood.
Surface-associated antigen induces permeabilization of primary mouse B-cells and lysosome exocytosis facilitating antigen uptake and presentation to T-cells
Authors: Maeda Fernando Y , van Haaren Jurriaan JH , Langley David B , Christ Daniel , Andrews Norma W , Song Wenxia
Published: October 2021

B-cell receptor (BCR)-mediated antigen internalization and presentation are essential for humoral memory immune responses. Antigen encountered by B-cells is often tightly associated with the surface of pathogens and/or antigen-presenting cells. Internalization of such antigens requires myosin-mediated traction forces and extracellular release of lysosomal enzymes, but the mechanism triggering lysosomal exocytosis is unknown. Here, we show that BCR-mediated recognition of antigen tethered to beads, to planar lipid-bilayers or expressed on cell surfaces causes localized plasma membrane (PM) permeabilization, a process that requires BCR signaling and non-muscle myosin II activity. B-cell permeabilization triggers PM repair responses involving lysosomal exocytosis, and B-cells permeabilized by surface-associated antigen internalize more antigen than cells that remain intact. Higher affinity antigens cause more B-cell permeabilization and lysosomal exocytosis and are more efficiently presented to T-cells. Thus, PM permeabilization by surface-associated antigen triggers a lysosome-mediated B-cell resealing response, providing the extracellular hydrolases that facilitate antigen internalization and presentation.
Differences in insectivore bird diets in coffee agroecosystems driven by obligate or generalist guild, shade management, season, and year
Authors: Jedlicka Julie A. , Philpott Stacy M. , Baena Martha L. , Bichier Peter , Dietsch Thomas V. , Nute Laney H. , Langridge Suzanne M. , Perfecto Ivette , Greenberg Russell
Published: October 2021

Neotropical shade-grown coffee systems are renowned for their potential to conserve avian biodiversity. Yet, little is known about food resources consumed by insectivorous birds in these systems, the extent of resource competition between resident and migratory birds, or how management of shade trees might influence diet selection. We identified arthropods in stomach contents from obligate and generalist insectivorous birds captured in mist-nets at five coffee farms in Chiapas, Mexico between 2001–2003. Overall stomach contents from 938 individuals revealed dietary differences resulting from changes in seasons, years, and foraging guilds. Of four species sampled across all management systems, Yellow-green Vireo (Vireo flavoviridis) prey differed depending on coffee shade management, consuming more ants in shaded monoculture than polyculture systems. Diets of obligate and generalist resident insectivores were 72% dissimilar with obligate insectivores consuming more Coleoptera and Araneae, and generalist insectivores consuming more Formicidae and other Hymenoptera. This suggests that obligate insectivores target more specialized prey whereas generalist insectivores rely on less favorable, chemically-defended prey found in clumped distributions. Our dataset provides important natural history data for many Nearctic-Neotropical migrants such as Tennessee Warbler (Leiothlypis peregrina; N = 163), Nashville Warbler (Leiothlypis ruficapilla; N = 69), and Swainson’s Thrush (Catharus ustulatus; N = 68) and tropical residents including Red-legged Honeycreepers (Cyanerpes cyaneus; N = 70) and Rufous-capped Warblers (Basileuterus rufifrons; N = 56). With declining arthropod populations worldwide, understanding the ecological interactions between obligate and generalist avian insectivores gives researchers the tools to evaluate community stability and inform conservation efforts.
Encapsulation of Nodal Segments for Propagation and Short-term Storage of Giloe (Tinospora cordifolia Willd.): A Medicinally Important Plant Species
Authors: Singh Sonali , Tripathi M. K. , Tiwari Sushma , Tripathi Niraj , Tejovathi G. , Ahuja Ashok
Published: October 2021

Aims and Objectives: Standardization of the concentration of encapsulation matrix and hardening solution owing to the proportion of germination to crop idyllic artificial seeds of Tinospora cordifolia followed by plantlet regeneration.

Study Design: Completely Randomized Design (CRD) was adopted to find out significant differences among different treatment combinations.

Place and Duration of the Study: The present study was conducted at Plant Tissue Culture & Genetic Transformation Laboratory, Department of Plant Molecular Biology & Biotechnology, College of Agriculture, Gwalior, Rajmata Vijayaraje Scindia Krishi Vishwa Vidyalaya, Gwalior, M.P., India during 2017 to 2020.

Methodology: A protocol was established for encapsulation of nodal segments of Tinospora cordifolia excised from 18-month-old in vitro raised plants for short- term conservation and further propagation. Diverse concentrations and combinations of gelling matrix viz., sodium alginate and complexing agent i.e., Calcium chloride were experienced to optimize combination to get uniform beads.

Results: The best gel composition was accomplished employing 2.5% sodium alginate and 100 mM calcium chloride. The maximum conversion response of encapsulated beads was achieved on Murashiage and Skoog’s medium supplemented with 2.0 mgl-1 BAP in combination with 0.2mgl-1 NAA. Well, developed regenerated plantlets were successfully hardened, acclimatized and established first under net house conditions followed in the field.

Conclusions: In this study, synthetic seed production technique in giloe (Tinospora cordifolia) has been established. Present method ensures viable strategy for multiplication, conservation and germplasm exchange through synthetic seed development.
Influence of Rain Water Recharging on the Chemical Properties of Groundwater
Authors: Soundarya N. , Ashoka H. G. , Devaraja K. , Rajashekarappa K. S. , Thimmegowda M. N.
Published: October 2021

The study was conducted to analyze the impact of different seasons and sources of rainwater (rooftop runoff and runoff plots) used in recharging borewells on chemical properties of groundwater. There were nine borewells considered for the study, among them five borewells are recharged through rooftop runoff water, two borewells are recharged through water from runoff plots and the two borewells have no treatments. After each runoff event, water samples from each borewell were collected for five days and analyzed for various chemical parameters. The electrical conductivity, pH and concentration of bicarbonate ions were analyzed. The result revealed that the recharge that took place during the Kharif season had an impact through reduced salt concentration and it also had an influence during the Rabi season. The electrical conductivity and concentration of bicarbonates in water samples from borewells was low in Kharif than rabi. The values of these chemical properties indicated that recharging of borewells is having the beneficial effect on the groundwater properties.
Evaluation and Acceleration of Municipal Biowaste Compost Production and its Effect on Growth and Yield of Amaranthus
Authors: Dharani S. , Saliha B. Bhakiyathu , Suresh S. , Shenbagavalli S.
Published: October 2021

To limit the accumulation of municipal solid waste, quick solid waste management techniques are more vital to reuse, reduce, and recycle the Municipal Solid Wastes MSW). A study was conducted to shorten the composting time and assess the degradation efficiency of different micro consumers in Municipal Solid Waste Compost (MSWC) production and followed by a field experiment with Amaranthus as a test crop to evaluate the influence of MSWC on crop yield. Various sources viz., Saw dust balls impregnated with Panchakavya solution, TNAU Biomineralizer, PUSA decomposer, Effective Microorganisms (EM) solution, RCOF Waste decomposer and Novel microbial consortia were used for rapid production of biowaste compost. The results showed that the PUSA decomposer and EM Solution significantly reduced the period of composting to 35 and 37 days respectively. The nutrient parameters of compost viz., C:N ratio (13:1), total N (3.37%), total P (0.14%) and total K (0.65%) were better in the compost prepared with PUSA decomposer followed by those with EM solution and novel microbial consortia. The bio compost obtained from this study was utilized in the field experiment to assess the biomass production of Amaranthus. Enriched MSWC @ 5t ha-1 + 75% NPK produced greater amount of biomass (27.84 t ha-1), in comparison with control which produced 59.7% higher biomass yield. The overall results indicated that proper microbial inoculation of solid biowastes shortened the duration of composting and combined application of municipal biowaste compost with inorganic fertilizers saved 25 percent of fertilizer dosage, improved the soil quality and crop yield thus ensuring ecofriendly disposal of wastes.
COVID -19 in Geriatric Population
Authors: S. Thakare Pratiksha , Gujar Samruddhi , Sheikh Shakib , Dighikar Vrushali
Published: October 2021

The causative factors of Coronavirus disease mainly the viruses. Through news we aware that pneumonia cases seen recently in Wuhan city, China. Due to unknown causes. Coronaviruses that cause illness such as a common cold. The Coronavirus infection identified with respiratory symptoms and pneumonia, the severe form of coronavirus infection mainly associated with death and low immune system patients. It is very important for us to more focus on geriatric people because in our countries, geriatric group people facing health problems at this present situation. According to articles Clinical Pathology, Pathogenesis, Immunopathology, and Mitigation Strategies, in that said geriatric people and low immune system patient with symptoms related history are more prone to COVID infection. But according to recent information by WHO all people are at risk of coronavirus but mostly geriatric people facing more risk of developing a severe respiratory infection. Geriatric people easily get coronavirus syndrome due to physical changes that occur as increasing age. There were 95% of these deaths seen in geriatric people above 60 years older. Above 50% of all fatal conditions occurred in geriatric people between 60- 80 years ago. There having disease control and prevention center, which indicate that rates of hospitalizations, intensive care unit admissions and mortality reported among COVID-19 cases in the United States are substantially higher among patients older than 45 years compared with younger patients, with case-fatality rates exceeding 1.4% among patients aged 55 to 64 years and exceeding 2.7% among those aged 65 to 74 years.
Review on Medicinal Properties of Jatropha gossypiifolia L.
Authors: S. Pande Milind , Trivedi Neelanchal , Kumar Bhuvnesh
Published: October 2021

Jatropha gossypiifolia L. broadly addressed as bellyache bush, refers to therapeutic plant utilized all through Asian countries. A few human and veterinary utilizations in conventional medication are portrayed for various specifics and arrangements dependent on aforementioned plant. This paper give a cutting-edge review of conventional uses, pharmacology, and toxicology of J. gossypiifolia species, taking into account examination of its therapeutic worth and potential application in integral and elective medication. Pharmacological examinations have exhibited noteworthy activity of various concentrates elements as anti-microbial, mitigating, anti-diarrheal, anti-hypertensive, and anti-cancerous specialists, among different, supporting a portion of famous employments. No clinical preliminary was distinguished to date. Moreover investigations are important to test significant society utilizations, just as to discover naive bioactive atoms with pharmacological pertinence dependent on the well-known cases. Toxicological investigations related with phytochemical examination are critical to comprehend the possible lethal impacts that could lessen its restorative worth. The current review gives bits of knowledge to future research focusing on both ethnopharmacological approval of its famous use and its investigation as another wellspring of home grown medications and additionally bioactive characteristic items.