bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
‘Theatre as a Nursery of Language’: Learning French through Vaudeville Tunes in Eighteenth-Century England
Authors: Levenson Erica P.
Published: February 2023

This article examines how French vaudeville tunes circulated in England through both theatrical performances and French-language textbooks (or ‘grammars’). My central concern is to consider how audiences in London – who had little exposure to the rich satirical and cultural connotations that these tunes had acquired over years of performance in Paris – might have been able to grasp their significance within staged works performed by visiting Parisian troupes between the years 1718 and 1735. I suggest that in tracing the transmission of tunes from France to England, scholars should consider a wider range of print sources, since vaudevilles had a social life extending beyond the plays in which they were performed. To this end, I focus on analysing vaudevilles found in French ‘grammars’. The pedagogical nature of these sources explicitly puts on display how French culture was translated for an English readership. By comparing the tunes found in grammars with plays that used the same tunes, I reveal both how Londoners could have become acquainted with the Parisian understanding of French tunes and how the grammar books could have shifted the meanings of these tunes for English readers and audiences. Ultimately, the circulation of French tunes abroad through grammars directs our attention to the material and cultural practices undergirding the mobility of eighteenth-century musical culture.
Regolith of the Crater Floor Units, Jezero Crater, Mars: Textures, Composition, and Implications for Provenance
Authors: Vaughan Alicia , Minitti Michelle E. , Cardarelli Emily L. , Johnson Jeffrey R. , Kah Linda C. , Pilleri Paolo , Rice Melissa S. , Sephton Mark , Horgan Briony H. N. , Wiens Roger C. , Yingst R. Aileen , Zorzano Mier Maria‐Paz , Anderson Ryan , Bell James F. , Brown Adrian J. , Cloutis Edward A. , Cousin Agnes , Herkenhoff Kenneth E. , Hausrath Elisabeth M. , Hayes Alexander G. , Kinch Kjartan , Merusi Marco , Million Chase C. , Sullivan Robert , Siljeström Sandra M. , St. Clair Michael
Published: February 2023

A multi‐instrument study of the regolith of Jezero crater floor units by the Perseverance rover has identified three types of regolith: fine‐grained, coarse‐grained, and mixed‐type. Mastcam‐Z, Wide Angle Topographic Sensor for Operations and eNgineering, and SuperCam Remote Micro Imager were used to characterize the regolith texture, particle size, and roundedness where possible. Mastcam‐Z multispectral and SuperCam laser‐induced breakdown spectroscopy data were used to constrain the composition of the regolith types. Fine‐grained regolith is found surrounding bedrock and boulders, comprising bedforms, and accumulating on top of rocks in erosional depressions. Spectral and chemical data show it is compositionally consistent with pyroxene and a ferric‐oxide phase. Coarse‐grained regolith consists of 1–2 mm well‐sorted gray grains that are found concentrated around the base of boulders and bedrock, and armoring bedforms. Its chemistry and spectra indicate it is olivine‐bearing, and its spatial distribution and roundedness indicate it has been transported, likely by saltation‐induced creep. Coarse grains share similarities with the olivine grains observed in the Séítah formation bedrock, making that unit a possible source for these grains. Mixed‐type regolith contains fine‐ and coarse‐grained regolith components and larger rock fragments. The rock fragments are texturally and spectrally similar to bedrock within the Máaz and Séítah formations, indicating origins by erosion from those units, although they could also be a lag deposit from erosion of an overlying unit. The fine‐ and coarse‐grained types are compared to their counterparts at other landing sites to inform global, regional, and local inputs to regolith formation within Jezero crater. The regolith characterization presented here informs the regolith sampling efforts underway by Perseverance.
Pediatric sepsis diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers: pancreatic stone protein, copeptin, and apolipoprotein A-V
Authors: Saleh Nagwan Y. , Aboelghar Hesham M. , Garib Mohamed I. , Rizk Mohammed S. , Mahmoud Asmaa A.
Published: February 2023

Background

We assessed serum concentrations of pancreatic stone protein (PSP), copeptin, and apolipoprotein A-V (APOA5) biomarkers for the diagnosis and prognosis of pediatric sepsis, a condition associated with high mortality.

Methods

This prospective study included 180 children admitted to the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit and 100 healthy controls at Menoufia University Hospital. Pediatric Risk of Mortality (PRISM), Pediatric Index of Mortality-2 (PIM2), and Pediatric Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (pSOFA) scores were calculated. Serum PSP, copeptin and APOA5 were measured once within 24 h of admission.

Results

PSP, copeptin, and APOA5 were significantly higher in the patients than in the controls (p < 0.001). PSP and copeptin were increased among children who required mechanical ventilation (MV), had multiple organ dysfunctions, and were non-survivors, but APOA5 was decreased in those children. Logistic regression analyses showed that high pSOFA, high PSP and copeptin, low APOA5, and use of MV were associated with mortality. The receiver operating characteristic revealed that the area under the curve (AUC) for APOA5, copeptin, and PSP (0.965, 0.960, and 0.868, respectively) demonstrated high sensitivity (96%, 94%, and 80%) for sepsis diagnosis. The AUC values for PSP, copeptin, and APOA5 were 0.709, 0.705, and 0.571, respectively, with sensitivities of 74%, 58%, and 58% for mortality prediction.

Conclusions

PSP, copeptin, and APOA5 are promising diagnostic biomarkers for pediatric sepsis but inadequate predictors of mortality.

Impact

Apolipoprotein A-V (APOA5), copeptin, and pancreatic stone protein (PSP) are acute-phase proteins with diagnostic value in evaluating critically ill pediatric patients with sepsis and detecting sepsis severity.

PSP and copeptin had the power to discriminate non-survivors from survivors.

APOA5 was less powerful than the other biomarkers in discriminating between survivors and non-survivors.
Deep brain stimulation of the nucleus accumbens in treatment-resistant alcohol use disorder: a double-blind randomized controlled multi-center trial
Authors: Bach Patrick , Luderer Mathias , Müller Ulf Joachim , Jakobs Martin , Baldermann Juan Carlos , Voges Jürgen , Kiening Karl , Lux Anke , Visser-Vandewalle Veerle ,   the DeBraSTRA study group, Klosterkötter Joachim , Huys Daniel , Sommer Wolfgang , Weber Tillmann , Bogerts Bernhard , Kuhn Jens , Mann Karl
Published: February 2023

Treatment resistance in alcohol use disorders (AUD) is a major problem for affected individuals and for society. In the search of new treatment options, few case studies using deep brain stimulation (DBS) of the nucleus accumbens have indicated positive effects in AUD. Here we report a double-blind randomized controlled trial comparing active DBS (“DBS-EARLY ON”) against sham stimulation (“DBS-LATE ON”) over 6 months in n = 12 AUD inpatients. This 6-month blind phase was followed by a 12-month unblinded period in which all patients received active DBS. Continuous abstinence (primary outcome), alcohol use, alcohol craving, depressiveness, anxiety, anhedonia and quality of life served as outcome parameters. The primary intention-to-treat analysis, comparing continuous abstinence between treatment groups, did not yield statistically significant results, most likely due to the restricted number of participants. In light of the resulting limited statistical power, there is the question of whether DBS effects on secondary outcomes can nonetheless be interpreted as indicative of an therapeutic effect. Analyses of secondary outcomes provide evidence for this, demonstrating a significantly higher proportion of abstinent days, lower alcohol craving and anhedonia in the DBS-EARLY ON group 6 months after randomization. Exploratory responder analyses indicated that patients with high baseline alcohol craving, depressiveness and anhedonia responded to DBS. The results of this first randomized controlled trial are suggestive of beneficial effects of DBS in treatment-resistant AUD and encourage a replication in larger samples.
Identification of a tomato UDP-arabinosyltransferase for airborne volatile reception
Authors: Sugimoto Koichi , Ono Eiichiro , Inaba Tamaki , Tsukahara Takehiko , Matsui Kenji , Horikawa Manabu , Toyonaga Hiromi , Fujikawa Kohki , Osawa Tsukiho , Homma Shunichi , Kiriiwa Yoshikazu , Ohmura Ippei , Miyagawa Atsushi , Yamamura Hatsuo , Fujii Mikio , Ozawa Rika , Watanabe Bunta , Miura Kenji , Ezura Hiroshi , Ohnishi Toshiyuki , Takabayashi Junji
Published: February 2023

Volatiles from herbivore-infested plants function as a chemical warning of future herbivory for neighboring plants. (Z)-3-Hexenol emitted from tomato plants infested by common cutworms is taken up by uninfested plants and converted to (Z)-3-hexenyl β-vicianoside (HexVic). Here we show that a wild tomato species (Solanum pennellii) shows limited HexVic accumulation compared to a domesticated tomato species (Solanum lycopersicum) after (Z)-3-hexenol exposure. Common cutworms grow better on an introgression line containing anS. pennelliichromosome 11 segment that impairs HexVic accumulation, suggesting that (Z)-3-hexenol diglycosylation is involved in the defense of tomato against herbivory. We finally reveal that HexVic accumulation is genetically associated with a uridine diphosphate-glycosyltransferase (UGT) gene cluster that harborsUGT91R1on chromosome 11. Biochemical and transgenic analyses of UGT91R1 show that it preferentially catalyzes (Z)-3-hexenyl β-d-glucopyranoside arabinosylation to produce HexVicin planta.
The accuracy and usability of point-of-use fluoride biosensors in rural Kenya
Authors: Thavarajah Walter , Owuor Patrick Mbullo , Awuor Diana Ross , Kiprotich Karlmax , Aggarwal Rahul , Lucks Julius B. , Young Sera L.
Published: February 2023

Geogenic fluoride contaminates the water of tens of millions of people. However, many are unaware of the fluoride content due in part to shortcomings of detection methods. Biosensor tests are a relatively new approach to water quality testing that address many of these shortcomings but have never been tested by non-experts in a “real-world” setting. We therefore sought to assess the accuracy and usability of a point-of-use fluoride biosensor using surveys and field tests in Nakuru County, Kenya. Biosensor tests accurately classified elevated fluoride (≥1.5 ppm) in 89.5% of the 57 samples tested. Usability was also high; all participants were able to use the test and correctly interpreted all but one sample. These data suggest that biosensor tests can provide accurate, meaningful water quality data that help non-experts make decisions about the water they consume. Further scaling of these technologies could provide new approaches to track global progress towards Sustainable Development Goal 6.
The profiles of miR-4510 expression level in breast cancer
Authors: Majed Sevan Omer , Mustafa Suhad Asad
Published: February 2023

MicroRNA that is abnormally produced in breast cells can disrupt biological processes, which can lead to cancer. This study aims to screen differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and ncRNAs (DEncRNAs) in the formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissues of breast cancer (BC) as compared with the normal adjacent tissues (NAT), and identify miR-4510 as a novel biomarker of BC. This study looked at differentially expressed genes (DEGs) using MACE-Seq and differentially expressed ncRNAs (DEncRNAs) using the small RNA-Seq. Real-time qPCR was used to determine the level of expression of miR-4510. In this study, MACE-Seq results showed that 26,795 genes, with a p-value < 0.05, were differentially expressed in BC paraffin tissues as compared with NAT. Small RNA-Seq results revealed that 1326 ncRNAs, with a p-value < 0.05, were differentially expressed. We confirmed that miR-4510 was significantly down-expressed (p-value = 0.001) by qRT-PCR in the paraffin tissue of 120 BC patients. Based on eleven computational prediction programs, TP53, TP53INP1, MMP11, and COL1A1 for the miR-4510 were identified as miR-4510 targets. The MACE-seq result showed that the gene of TP53 (p-value = 0.001) and TP53INP1 (p-value = 0.02) was significantly down-regulated, but the gene of MMP11 (p-value = 0.004) and COL1A1 (p-value = 0.0001) was significantly over-expressed in 20 paired specimens of the BC and NAT. We discovered that a single SNP inside the miR-4510 binding site occurred only in BC, in which Guanine (G) changed into Adenine (A). Two SNPs outside the miR-4510 binding site occurred, and Guanine (G) in both BC and NAT was changed into Thymine (T), as compared to the reference sequence (RefSeq). Overall, our results suggested that miR-4510 functions as a tumor suppressor in the BC. Mir-4510 may act as a tumor suppressor, however additional experimental data is needed to corroborate these assumptions and can be exploited as a biomarker for BC.
Dynamic characteristics of skin reaction force in different body postures
Authors: Marsidi Nick , Scheepens Karlijn M. J. , Goeman Jelle J. , Horeman Tim , Genders Roel E.
Published: February 2023

Mechanical stress influences scarring of a surgical wound. Several lines have been proposed for the best excision direction. It is unknown if these lines still apply when the body posture changes. The objective is to measure the skin reaction force in four directions and determine the direction of least force. Secondary objective is to determine if the reaction force varies in a different body posture. Skin reaction force was measured with the compressiometer in 30 participants on four different locations (forearm/upper arm/shoulder blade/lower back) in four directions (0°–45°–90°–135°) and two body postures. The direction of least skin reaction force changed with a different body posture and was significant for the forearm (p < 0.01) and shoulder blade (p = 0.05) The skin reaction force in all four direction changed significantly in a different body posture, except the 45° line in the upper arm and shoulder blade. Our results demonstrate that the skin reaction force in four directions in four locations varies with change in body posture. Focus should therefore not only lay on choosing the right direction, but also on managing skin tension postoperatively.
Optimisation of the techno-functional and thermal properties of heat moisture treated Bambara groundnut starch using response surface methodology
Authors: Mathobo Vhulenda Melinda , Onipe Oluwatoyin Oladayo , Silungwe Henry , Ramashia Shonisani Eugenia , Anyasi Tonna Ashim
Published: February 2023

This work optimised the techno-functional and thermal properties of heat moisture treated Bambara groundnut starch (BGS). A central composite rotatable design (Design-Expert software v8.0.1.0) comprising two independent factors of temperature and time was used. Extracted BGS were subjected to heat-moisture treatment (HMT) at 80–120 °C for 30–90 min at different moisture levels of 15% (HMT 15-BGS), 25% (HMT 25-BGS) and 35% (HMT 35-BGS). The optimum HMT conditions for BGS were found to be 80 °C for 30 min (HMT 15), 105.74 °C for 30 min (HMT 25), and 113.16 °C for 30 min (HMT 35). The desirability values of the obtained optimum conditions were 0.63 (HMT 15) and 1.00 (HMT 25 and 35). In HMT 35-BGS, water absorption capacity was significantly affected by the quadratic effect of temperature and time. In contrast, solubility was significantly affected by the linear effect of time and the quadratic effect of temperature. Temperature and treatment time had no significant effect (p ≥ 0.05) on the differential scanning calorimetry thermal properties of HMT 15, 25 and 35-BGS. Scanning electron micrographs of optimised BGS showed round and oval-shaped starch granules ranging from 4.2 to 4.7 mm (width) and 10 μm for length. Unmodified and optimised HMT–BGS showed characteristic FTIR bands linked with common starches. All BGS samples displayed multiple vibrations in the region below 1000 cm−1 due to the skeletal vibrations of the glucose pyranose ring.
Multiple sclerosis diagnostic delay and its associated factors in Upper Egyptian patients
Authors: Khedr Eman M. , El Malky Islam , Hussein Hussein B. , Mahmoud Doaa M. , Gamea Ayman
Published: February 2023

The earlier the diagnosis of multiple sclerosis (MS), the sooner disease-modifying treatments can be initiated. However, significant delays still occur in developing countries. We aimed to identify factors leading to delayed diagnosis of MS in Upper Egypt. One hundred forty-two patients with remitting relapsing MS (RRMS) were recruited from 3 MS units in Upper Egypt. Detailed demographic and clinical data were collected. Neurological examination and assessment of the Disability Status Scale (EDSS) were performed. The mean age was 33.52 ± 8.96 years with 72.5% of patients were females. The mean time from symptom onset to diagnosis was 18.63 ± 27.87 months and the median was 3 months. Seventy-two patients (50.7%) achieved diagnosis within three months after the first presenting symptom (early diagnosis), while seventy patients (49.3%) had more than three months delay in diagnosis (delayed diagnosis). Patients with a delayed diagnosis frequently presented in the period before 2019 and had a significantly higher rate of initial non-motor presentation, initial non-neurological consultations, prior misdiagnoses, and a higher relapse rate. Another possible factor was delayed MRI acquisition following the initial presentation in sixty-six (46.5%) patients. Multivariable logistic regression analysis demonstrated that earlier presentation, initial non-neurological consultation, and prior misdiagnosis were independent predictors of diagnostic delay. Despite advances in MS management in Egypt, initial non-neurological consultation and previous misdiagnoses are significant factors responsible for delayed diagnosis in Upper Egypt.
Malignant diagnosis and prognostic analysis of 89 GIST patients using preoperative FDG-PET
Authors: Narushima Kazuo , Shuto Kiyohiko , Okazumi Shinichi , Ohira Gaku , Mori Mikito , Hayano Koichi , Yanagawa Noriyuki , Matsubara Hisahiro
Published: February 2023

There is no preoperative imaging accurately diagnose malignancy of gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST). To evaluate the usefulness of preoperative [18F]2-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) in the malignant diagnosis and prognostic analysis of GIST. Eighty-nine consecutive patients with GIST who underwent curative surgery were reviewed retrospectively. PET scan was performed within 2–3 weeks before surgery and maximum standardized uptake values (SUVmax) were assessed for GIST. The relationship between prognostic factors and prognosis of GIST and SUVmax were evaluated. Tumor size, mitotic count, and Ki-67 index showed significant positive correlations with the SUVmax. When the cutoff value was set as SUVmax 5.68, the accuracy was 86.5% for the high-risk group, 76.4% for the recurrence group, and 73.0% for the death group. The group with SUVmax ≥ 5.68 demonstrated a significantly lower 10-year relapse-free survival than the group with SUVmax < 5.68 (55.2% vs. 98.2%, P < 0.001), while the group with SUVmax ≥ 5.68 demonstrated a significantly lower 10-year overall survival than the group with SUVmax < 5.68 (68.0% vs. 97.6%, P < 0.001). In GISTs, FDG-PET is a very useful imaging marker for the diagnosis of malignant GISTs, such as those in high-risk and poor-prognosis groups.
Multimodal assessment of the spatial correspondence between fNIRS and fMRI hemodynamic responses in motor tasks
Authors: Pereira João , Direito Bruno , Lührs Michael , Castelo-Branco Miguel , Sousa Teresa
Published: February 2023

Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) provides a cost-efficient and portable alternative to functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) for assessing cortical activity changes based on hemodynamic signals. The spatial and temporal underpinnings of the fMRI blood-oxygen-level-dependent (BOLD) signal and corresponding fNIRS concentration of oxygenated (HbO), deoxygenated (HbR), and total hemoglobin (HbT) measurements are still not completely clear. We aim to analyze the spatial correspondence between these hemodynamic signals, in motor-network regions. To this end, we acquired asynchronous fMRI and fNIRS recordings from 9 healthy participants while performing motor imagery and execution. Using this multimodal approach, we investigated the ability to identify motor-related activation clusters in fMRI data using subject-specific fNIRS-based cortical signals as predictors of interest. Group-level activation was found in fMRI data modeled from corresponding fNIRS measurements, with significant peak activation found overlapping the individually-defined primary and premotor motor cortices, for all chromophores. No statistically significant differences were observed in multimodal spatial correspondence between HbO, HbR, and HbT, for both tasks. This suggests the possibility of translating neuronal information from fMRI into an fNIRS motor-coverage setup with high spatial correspondence using both oxy and deoxyhemoglobin data, with the inherent benefits of translating fMRI paradigms to fNIRS in cognitive and clinical neuroscience.
Potential antiviral effects of pantethine against SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Abou-Hamdan M. , Saleh R. , Mani S. , Dournaud P. , Metifiot M. , Blondot M. L. , Andreola M. L. , Abdel-sater F. , De Reggi M. , Gressens P. , Laforge M.
Published: February 2023

SARS-CoV-2 interacts with cellular cholesterol during many stages of its replication cycle. Pantethine was reported to reduce total cholesterol levels and fatty acid synthesis and potentially alter different processes that might be involved in the SARS-CoV-2 replication cycle. Here, we explored the potential antiviral effects of pantethine in two in vitro experimental models of SARS-CoV-2 infection, in Vero E6 cells and in Calu-3a cells. Pantethine reduced the infection of cells by SARS-CoV-2 in both preinfection and postinfection treatment regimens. Accordingly, cellular expression of the viral spike and nucleocapsid proteins was substantially reduced, and we observed a significant reduction in viral copy numbers in the supernatant of cells treated with pantethine. In addition, pantethine inhibited the infection-induced increase in TMPRSS2 and HECT E3 ligase expression in infected cells as well as the increase in antiviral interferon-beta response and inflammatory gene expression in Calu-3a cells. Our results demonstrate that pantethine, which is well tolerated in humans, was very effective in controlling SARS-CoV-2 infection and might represent a new therapeutic drug that can be repurposed for the prevention or treatment of COVID-19 and long COVID syndrome.
Epoxidized graphene grid for highly efficient high-resolution cryoEM structural analysis
Authors: Fujita Junso , Makino Fumiaki , Asahara Haruyasu , Moriguchi Maiko , Kumano Shota , Anzai Itsuki , Kishikawa Jun-ichi , Matsuura Yoshiharu , Kato Takayuki , Namba Keiichi , Inoue Tsuyoshi
Published: February 2023

Functionalization of graphene is one of the most important fundamental technologies in a wide variety of fields including industry and biochemistry. We have successfully achieved a novel oxidative modification of graphene using photoactivated ClO2· as a mild oxidant and confirmed the oxidized graphene grid is storable with its functionality for at least three months under N2 atmosphere. Subsequent chemical functionalization enabled us to develop an epoxidized graphene grid (EG-grid™), which effectively adsorbs protein particles for electron cryomicroscopy (cryoEM) image analysis. The EG-grid dramatically improved the particle density and orientation distribution. The density maps of GroEL and glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) were reconstructed at 1.99 and 2.16 Å resolution from only 504 and 241 micrographs, respectively. A sample solution of 0.1 mg ml−1 was sufficient to reconstruct a 3.10 Å resolution map of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein from 1163 micrographs. The map resolutions of β-galactosidase and apoferritin easily reached 1.81 Å and 1.29 Å resolution, respectively, indicating its atomic-resolution imaging capability. Thus, the EG-grid will be an extremely powerful tool for highly efficient high-resolution cryoEM structural analysis of biological macromolecules.
A data-driven approach to the “Everesting” cycling challenge
Authors: Seo Junhyeon , Raeymaekers Bart
Published: February 2023

The “Everesting” challenge is a cycling activity in which a cyclist repeats a hill until accumulating an elevation gain equal to the elevation of Mount Everest in a single ride. The challenge experienced a surge in interest during the COVID-19 pandemic and the cancelation of cycling races around the world that prompted cyclists to pursue alternative, individual activities. The time to complete the Everesting challenge depends on the fitness and talent of the cyclist, but also on the length and gradient of the hill, among other parameters. Hence, preparing an Everesting attempt requires understanding the relationship between the Everesting parameters and the time to complete the challenge. We use web-scraping to compile a database of publicly available Everesting attempts, and we quantify and rank the parameters that determine the time to complete the challenge. We also use unsupervised machine learning algorithms to segment cyclists into distinct groups according to their characteristics and performance. We conclude that the power per unit body mass of the cyclist and the tradeoff between the gradient of the hill and the distance are the most important considerations when attempting the Everesting challenge. As such, elite cyclists best select a hill with gradient > 12%, whereas amateur and recreational cyclists best select a hill with gradient < 10% to minimize the time to complete the Everesting challenge.
Fabrication of dialysis membrane from cotton Giza 86 cellulose di-acetate prepared using Ac2O and NiCl2 as a new catalyst
Authors: Ragab Safaa , El Sikaily Amany , El Nemr Ahmed
Published: February 2023

This attempt has been made to synthesize the cellulose di-acetate in a solvent-free acetylation system of cotton Giza 86 cellulose with Ac2O (200 and 300 ml) in the presence of NiCl2.6HO (1.0, 1.5 and 2.0 g) as an effectively available and new catalyst by the conventional reflux and microwave irradiation methods. This study also illustrates the preparation of a dialysis membrane made from a cellulose di-acetate–dichloromethane-methanol-polyethylene glycol (MW: 200) casting solution. The microwave irradiation method for the synthesis of cellulose di-acetate showed excellent yields and short reaction time, which is an important feature of this method. The impact of the two methods on the cellulose di-acetate formation and its used in the dialysis membrane formulations was studied. The experimental degree of substitution of the prepared cellulose di-acetate values (DS = 2.00–2.7) showed an agreement with the calculated values by FTIR and 1H-NMR analysis methods. The formation of cellulose di-acetate with percentage yields varied from 62.85 to 89.85%. The applicability of the prepared membrane in dialysis operation was evaluated in terms of urea clearance, rejection of Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) and flux of pure water. Characterization of cellulose di-acetate was achieved through 1H-NMR, FTIR, TGA, and BET analyses. The CA-PEG blend membrane was examined by contact angle measurement, porosity, and water uptake of the membrane. The cellulose acetate membrane surface morphology was determined using SEM. It is observable that the fabricated CA-PEG blend membrane from synthesized cellulose di-acetate by using Nickel chloride as a catalyst is showing remarkable rejection of BSA and urea clearance up to 100 and 67.2%, respectively. The present work is promising and applicable in dialysis membranes.
Atomically precise copper dopants in metal clusters boost up stability, fluorescence, and photocatalytic activity
Authors: Zhang Yifei , Zhang Jingjing , Li Zhiwen , Qin Zhaoxian , Sharma Sachil , Li Gao
Published: February 2023

The structurally precise alloy nanoclusters have been emerged as a burgeoning nanomaterial for their unique physical/chemical features. We here report a rod-like nanocluster [Au12Cu13(PPh3)10I7](SbF6)2 (Au12Cu13), which was generated through a transformation of a [Au9(PPh3)8]3+ intermediate in the presence of CuI, unveiled by time-dependent UV-vis spectroscopy, electrospray ionization mass spectrometry as well as single crystal X-ray diffraction. Au12Cu13 is comprised of two pentagonal bipyramids Au6Cu units and a pentagonal prism Cu11 unit, where the copper and gold species are presented in +1 and 0 chemical states. The Cu-dopants significantly improved the stability and fluorescence (quantum yield: ~34%, 34-folds of homo-Au25(PPh3)10Br7). The high stability of Au12Cu13 is attributed to the high binding energy of iodine ligands, Au-Cu synergistic effects and its 16-electon system as an 8-electron superatom dimer. Finally, the robust Au12Cu13 exhibited high catalytic activity (~92% conversion and ~84% methyl formate-selectivity) and good durability in methanol photo-oxidation.
Guest-triggered “Soma–Iwamoto-type” penetration complex {Fe(4-methoxypyrimidine)2[M(CN)2]2}·Guest (M = Ag, Au)
Authors: Kitase Kosuke , Akahoshi Daisuke , Kitazawa Takafumi
Published: February 2023

We synthesized novel “Soma–Iwamoto-type” complexes that contain the 4-methoxypyrimidine ligand. The guest clathrate complexes demonstrate the SCO phenomenon and interesting rarely reported penetrated structures with two Soma–Iwamoto-type structures.
Latex derived from Ficus carica L. inhibited the growth of NSCLC by regulating the caspase/gasdermin/AKT signaling pathway
Authors: Baohong Li , Zhongyuan Li , Ying Tan , Beibei Yan , Wenting Ni , Yiming Yin , Qinghua Cui , Qingjun Zhu
Published: February 2023

Non-small cell lung cancer cells can be induced to apoptosis and pyroptosis by latex derived from Ficus carica L.
Baicalein alleviates non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in mice by ameliorating intestinal barrier dysfunction
Authors: Guo Chunyu , Li Qingjun , Chen Rihong , Fan Wenhui , Zhang Xin , Zhang Yuqian , Guo Lanping , Wang Xiao , Qu Xinyan , Dong Hongjing
Published: February 2023

Baicalein ameliorated MCD diet-induced inflammation and hepatic lipid accumulation and protected intestinal integrity.
Wearable strain sensors: state-of-the-art and future applications
Authors: Yadav Ashish , Yadav Neha , Wu Yongling , RamaKrishna Seeram , Hongyu Zheng
Published: February 2023

Wearable strain sensors have drawn massive awareness in various studies and industrial fields.
Functionalization of cellulose nanofibrils to develop novel ROS-sensitive biomaterials
Authors: Palo-Nieto Carlos , Blasi-Romero Anna , Sandström Corine , Balgoma David , Hedeland Mikael , Strømme Maria , Ferraz Natalia
Published: February 2023

Nanocellulose–oligoproline hydrogels, able to respond to high levels of ROS and protect cells from oxidative environments, are promising candidates for the treatment of chronic wounds and other clinical conditions associated with high levels of ROS.
Real-time tunable hydrogen generation from hydrolysis of borohydrides using 3D magnetic catalysts
Authors: Han Junchao , Yuan Wuning , Wei Menghui , Zhang Bo , Guo Yanhui
Published: February 2023

A novel regulation strategy with applicable high-performance 3D catalysts enables real-time tunable hydrogen generation from hydrolysis of borohydrides.
Latest progress in asymmetrically functionalized Anderson-type polyoxometalates
Authors: Zhuang Qinghe , Sun Zeqian , Lin Chang-Gen , Qi Bo , Song Yu-Fei
Published: February 2023

Asymmetrically functionalized Anderson-type polyoxometalates were overviewed, including the key factors of various synthesis methods, separation methods, advantages of asymmetric structures, and their applications.
Exceptionally flexible quinodimethanes with multiple conformations: polymorph-dependent colour tone and emission of crystals
Authors: Sugawara Kazuma , Ono Toshikazu , Yano Yoshio , Suzuki Takanori , Ishigaki Yusuke
Published: February 2023

Tetraazaanthraquinodimethanes can exhibit various colours and emissions depending on their multiple conformations, such as not only folded and twisted forms but also intermediate structures,e.g., planar and twisted-folded forms, in pseudopolymorphs.
A panoramic view on synthetic applications of α-oxothioamides: a highly regioselective synthesis of 2-acyl-4-(het)arylthiazoles and thioethers
Authors: Suresh Rajaghatta N. , Swaroop Toreshettahally R. , Gowda Darshini , Mantelingu Kempegowda , Rangappa Kanchugarakoppal S.
Published: February 2023

Synthesis of thiazoles and thioethers.
Dynamic effects on ligand field from rapid hydride motion in an iron(ii) dimer with anS= 3 ground state
Authors: McWilliams Sean F. , Mercado Brandon Q. , MacLeod K. Cory , Fataftah Majed S. , Tarrago Maxime , Wang Xiaoping , Bill Eckhard , Ye Shengfa , Holland Patrick L.
Published: February 2023

Crystallographic, spectroscopic, and computational studies on diiron(ii) hydride complexes reveal rapid hydride motions that cause major changes in the electronic structures of the iron sites.
On the role of membrane embedding, protein rigidity and transmembrane length in lipid membrane fusion
Authors: van Tilburg Marco , Hilbers Peter A. J. , Markvoort Albert J.
Published: February 2023

Coarse grained molecular dynamics simulations of fusion proteins show essential differences in fusion pathway dependent on membrane embedding, transmembrane length and rigidity.
Increasing the limits of energy and safety in tetrazoles: dioximes as unusual precursors to very thermostable and insensitive energetic materials
Authors: Singh Jatinder , Staples Richard J. , Shreeve Jean'ne M.
Published: February 2023

Unusual thermostable and insensitive high-energy compounds which contain dioximes with donor–acceptor H-bond sites, were synthesized from glyoxal (40% in water) in straightforward steps.
Unraveling the effect of solvents on the excited state dynamics of C540A by experimental and theoretical study
Authors: Ge Jing , Zhang Xue-Dong , Peng Yue , Bai Xi-Lin
Published: February 2023

The excited-state dynamics including intramolecular charge transfer and the redshift of C540A in a series of solvents have been investigated using femtosecond transient absorption spectra and systematic theoretical calculation.
Retracted: Software based sentiment analysis of clinical data for healthcare sector
Authors: Shanmuganathan Vimal , de Albuquerque Victor Hugo C. , Barbosa Paulo C. S. , dos Reis Marcello Carvalho , Dhiman Gaurav , Shah Mohd Asif
Published: February 2023

Retraction: [Vimal Shanmuganathan, Victor Hugo C. de Albuquerque, Paulo C. S. Barbosa, Marcello Carvalho dos Reis, Gaurav Dhiman, Mohd Asif Shah, Software based sentiment analysis of clinical data for healthcare sector, IET Software 2023 (https://doi.org/10.1049/sfw2.12115)].

The above article from IET Software, published online on 7 February 2023 in Wiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary.com), has been retracted by agreement between the Editor‐in‐Chief, Hana Chockler, the Institution of Engineering and Technology (the IET) and John Wiley and Sons Ltd. This article was published as part of a Guest Edited special issue. Following an investigation, the IET and the journal have determined that the article was not reviewed in line with the journal’s peer review standards and there is evidence that the peer review process of the special issue underwent systematic manipulation. Accordingly, we cannot vouch for the integrity or reliability of the content. As such we have taken the decision to retract the article. The authors have been informed of the decision to retract.
Probing the nature of the low state in the extreme ultraluminous X-ray pulsar NGC 5907 ULX1
Authors: Fürst F. , Walton D. J. , Israel G. L. , Bachetti M. , Barret D. , Brightman M. , Earnshaw H. P. , Fabian A. , Heida M. , Imbrogno M. , Middleton M. J. , Pinto C. , Salvaterra R. , Roberts T. P. , Rodríguez Castillo G. A. , Webb N.
Published: February 2023

NGC 5907 ULX1 is the most luminous ultra-luminous X-ray pulsar (ULXP) known to date, reaching luminosities in excess of 1041 erg s−1. The pulsar is known for its fast spin-up during the on-state. Here, we present a long-term monitoring of the X-ray flux and the pulse period between 2003 and 2022. We find that the source was in an off- or low-state between mid-2017 to mid-2020. During this state, our pulse period monitoring shows that the source had spun down considerably. We interpret this spin-down as likely being due to the propeller effect, whereby accretion onto the neutron star surface is inhibited. Using state-of-the-art accretion and torque models, we use the spin-up and spin-down episodes to constrain the magnetic field. For the spin-up episode, we find solutions for magnetic field strengths of either around 1012 G or 1013 G, however, the strong spin-down during the off-state seems only to be consistent with a very high magnetic field, namely, > 1013 G. This is the first time a strong spin-down is seen during a low flux state in a ULXP. Based on the assumption that the source entered the propeller regime, this gives us the best estimate so far for the magnetic field of NGC 5907 ULX1.
PHANGS-MUSE: Detection and Bayesian classification of ~40 000 ionised nebulae in nearby spiral galaxies
Authors: Congiu Enrico , Blanc Guillermo A. , Belfiore Francesco , Santoro Francesco , Scheuermann Fabian , Kreckel Kathryn , Emsellem Eric , Groves Brent , Pan Hsi-An , Bigiel Frank , Dale Daniel A. , Glover Simon C. O. , Grasha Kathryn , Egorov Oleg V. , Leroy Adam , Schinnerer Eva , Watkins Elizabeth J. , Williams Thomas G.
Published: February 2023

In this work, we present a new catalogue of >40 000 ionised nebulae distributed across the 19 galaxies observed by the PHANGS-MUSE survey. The nebulae have been classified using a new model-comparison-based algorithm that exploits the odds ratio principle to assign a probabilistic classification to each nebula in the sample. The resulting catalogue is the largest catalogue containing complete spectral and spatial information for a variety of ionised nebulae available so far in the literature. We developed this new algorithm to address some of the main limitations of the traditional classification criteria, such as their binarity, the sharpness of the involved limits, and the limited amount of data they rely on for the classification. The analysis of the catalogue shows that the algorithm performs well when selecting H II regions. In fact, we can recover their luminosity function, and its properties are in line with what is available in the literature. We also identify a rather significant population of shock-ionised regions (mostly composed of supernova remnants), which is an order of magnitude larger than any other homogeneous catalogue of supernova remnants currently available in the literature. The number of supernova remnants we identify per galaxy is in line with results in our Galaxy and in other very nearby sources. However, limitations in the source detection algorithm result in an incomplete sample of planetary nebulae, even though their classification seems robust. Finally, we demonstrate how applying a correction for the contribution of the diffuse ionised gas to the nebulae’s spectra is essential to obtain a robust classification of the objects and how a correct measurement of the extinction using diffuse-ionised-gas-corrected line fluxes prompts the use of a higher theoretical Hα/Hβ ratio (3.03) than what is commonly used when recovering the E(B – V) via the Balmer decrement technique in massive star-forming galaxies.
Transient optical simulation by coupling elastic multibody systems, finite elements, and ray tracing
Authors: Hahn Luzia , Matter Fabian , Eberhard Peter
Published: February 2023

Transient dynamical–thermoelastic–optical system simulation is an important expansion of classical ray tracing through rigid, resting lenses because the operating performance of high-precision optical systems can be influenced by dynamical excitations or thermal gradients. In this paper an approach for an integrated optical system simulation using the coupling of elastic multibody system simulations, thermoelastic finite element analysis and gradient-index ray tracing is presented. Transient mechanical rigid body motions and elastic deformations, thermally induced refraction index changes, and thermal elastic deformations can be considered simultaneously in the ray tracing using the presented method. The calculation of the dynamical and thermal disturbances, the data transfer and coupling, and the gradient index ray tracing method are introduced. Finally, the approach is applied on a transient triplet lens optical system and some investigation results are shown.
Car wrapping – as a method of protecting the paint coating
Authors: Baranowski Szymon , Boiko Juliy , Kuliś Ewa , Liss Michał
Published: February 2023

Wrapping vehicles with a special foil is not only a desire to stand out, change color, advertise your company or mark a special vehicle, but also a from of protecting the paint coating against the negative influence of external factors – e.g. UV radiation, acid rain, road pollution. It is therefore necessary to do it in a professional plant, which will guarantee that the appropriate selection of the applied film will fulfill its protective character. The article presents the issue related to the proteciton of the paint coating.
The importance of information systems supporting logistics processes production company
Authors: Kuliś Ewa , Łukasiewicz Marcin , Ledemann Magdalena , Dykha Aleksandr
Published: February 2023

The article presents key issues regarding the field of knowledge of logistics. The nature and meaning of a logistics system and relevant logistic information are discussed. In the further part of the work, selected IT systems supporting the production processes of the company are reviewed, presenting the specific features of each of them. The structure of AFPRO Filters enterprise, where the surveys were conducted, is also characterized. For the purpose of the work, two surveys were carried out, based on which the effectiveness of using implemented information systems is assessed from the point of view of users from various departments of the company. In the summary of the work, solutions, which could help the company to increase the efficiency of the use of implemented information systems and thus improve the flow of information are proposed.
Fallstricke der tropenmedizinischen Nomenklatur am Beispiel „Typhus“
Authors: Voitl Julian J. M.
Published: February 2023

Viele infektiologische Diagnosen sind historisch gewachsene, symptombeschreibende Hilfswerkzeuge, die sich oft entgegen modernen, genetisch-taxonomischen Bemühungen zu halten vermögen. Dieser Artikel ist der Versuch einer Reise in die Tiefen der Nomenklaturunterwelt, ohne dabei selbst typhös zu werden. Jeder identifizierte Begriff wurde auf Verwechslungsgefahr oder Mehrfachverwendung untersucht. Eine Vermeidung der Begriffe „Typhus – typhus fever“ oder „Fleckfieber – spotted fever“, sowie manch anderer überholter Termini, wäre anzudenken.
Psychosoziales Wohlbefinden und Schlafqualität asiatischer Seeleute
Authors: Reck Chiara , Dengler Dorothee , Oldenburg Marcus
Published: February 2023

Das psychosoziale Wohlbefinden und die Schlafqualität von Seeleuten wird von vielen verschiedenen Faktoren beeinflusst, z. B. Reisedauer, Wetter, irregulären Arbeitszeiten oder beschränktem Kontakt zur Familie. Häufig arbeiten sie über Monate mit denselben Personen und sind zugleich isoliert. Die Arbeits- und Lebensumstände der Seeleute an Bord haben mehreren Studien zufolge einen signifikanten Einfluss auf die individuelle Gesundheit sowie die Schiffssicherheit 1, 2. Das Ziel der Studie ist die Identifikation der wichtigsten Einflussfaktoren auf das Wohlbefinden und die Schlafqualität von Seeleuten.
Lewis Acid Catalyzed [4+1] Cycloaddition of o-Quinone Methides and Isocyanides: Mild and Efficient Synthesis of 3-Aryl-2-aminobenzofurans
Authors: Li Xinyao , Yang Cun , Li Yanze , Huang Qiwen
Published: February 2023

We herein report a mild and efficient synthesis of 3-aryl-2-aminobenzofurans by Lewis acid catalyzed [4+1] cycloaddition of in situ generated o-quinone methides and isocyanides. Compared with the well-known methods, the current reactions are carried out under mild conditions and feature wide substrate scope in high yields at ambient temperature at catalyst loadings as low as 1 mol%. DFT calculations show dehydration as the rate-determining step, a stepwise [4+1] cycloaddition process, and the Lewis acid as dual roles in accelerating dehydration and cycloaddition reaction.
Evaluation of an Antimicrobial Stewardship Decision Support for Pediatric Infections
Authors: McGonagle Erin A. , Karavite Dean J. , Grundmeier Robert W. , Schmidt Sarah K. , May Larissa S. , Cohen Daniel M. , Cruz Andrea T. , Tu Shin-Ping , Bajaj Lalit , Dayan Peter S. , Mistry Rakesh D.
Published: February 2023

Objectives Clinical decision support (CDS) has promise for the implementation of antimicrobial stewardship programs (ASPs) in the emergency department (ED). We sought to assess the usability of a newly developed automated CDS to improve guideline-adherent antibiotic prescribing for pediatric community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) and urinary tract infection (UTI).

Methods We conducted comparative usability testing between an automated, prototype CDS-enhanced discharge order set and standard order set, for pediatric CAP and UTI antibiotic prescribing. After an extensive user-centered design process, the prototype CDS was integrated into the electronic health record, used passive activation, and embedded locally adapted prescribing guidelines. Participants were randomized to interact with three simulated ED scenarios of children with CAP or UTI, across both systems. Measures included task completion, decision-making and usability errors, clinical actions (order set use and correct antibiotic selection), as well as objective measures of system usability, utility, and workload using the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Task Load Index (NASA-TLX). The prototype CDS was iteratively refined to optimize usability and workflow.

Results Usability testing in 21 ED clinical providers demonstrated that, compared to the standard order sets, providers preferred the prototype CDS, with improvements in domains such as explanations of suggested antibiotic choices (p < 0.001) and provision of additional resources on antibiotic prescription (p < 0.001). Simulated use of the CDS also led to overall improved guideline-adherent prescribing, with a 31% improvement for CAP. A trend was present toward absolute workload reduction. Using the NASA-TLX, workload scores for the current system were median 26, interquartile ranges (IQR): 11 to 41 versus median 25, and IQR: 10.5 to 39.5 for the CDS system (p = 0.117).

Conclusion Our CDS-enhanced discharge order set for ED antibiotic prescribing was strongly preferred by users, improved the accuracy of antibiotic prescribing, and trended toward reduced provider workload. The CDS was optimized for impact on guideline-adherent antibiotic prescribing from the ED and end-user acceptability to support future evaluative trials of ED ASPs.