bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ecological Validity of the Multiple Errands Test (MET) on Discharge from Neurorehabilitation Hospital
Authors: Maeir Adina , Krauss Shira , Katz Noomi
Published: January 2011

The purpose of this prospective study was to examine the predictive and ecological validity of the Multiple Errands Test (MET) on discharge from neurorehabilitation hospital to the community. The specific objective was to examine the relationships between discharge MET scores and follow-up scores on the Participation Index (M2PI). The study sample included 30 participants with acquired brain injury who were independent in basic activities of daily living 1 week prior to discharge from a neurorehabilitation unit. The MET Hospital-Version was administered at discharge and the M2PI was administered to participants and their caregivers during a home visit 3 months after discharge. Moderate significant correlations were found between the MET and the M2PI scores (self and caregiver MET total error score with total M2PI r = .403, r = .510), with a greater correlation coefficient for caregiver ratings than for self ratings. Partial correlation analysis demonstrated the stability of this relationship while controlling for basic cognitive status scores. The results provide supporting evidence for the ecological validity of the MET at discharge from neurorehabilitation. In addition, the findings highlight the need for community-based rehabilitation that will reduce the impact of executive function deficits on participation in daily life.
Stratégies de validation du discours scientifique : Analyse diachronique du rôle de la section Discussion dans l’article de recherche
Authors: Magnet Anne
Published: January 2011

Cet article montre comment la recherche en anglais scientifique, à partir de l'étude d'un corpus constitué en diachronie, sur un thème scientifique de biologie (les acides gras essentiels), peut permettre de mettre en évidence le fonctionnement d’une communauté de chercheurs. Il se concentre sur les stratégies de validation du fait scientifique telles qu’elles sont mises en œuvre dans la discussion de l’article de recherche. Cette étude, qui s’appuie sur le corps d’hypothèses élaboré par J. Martin (1996), offre une analyse appliquée du mode de raccordement au macrotexte disciplinaire des résultats de l’expérience par la section Discussion.
Diffusivity of Point Defects in the Passive Film on Stainless Steel
Authors: Fattah-alhosseini A. , Alemi M. H. , Banaei S.
Published: January 2011

The semiconductor properties of passive films formed on AISI 316 stainless steel in sulfuric acid solution were studied by employing Mott-Schottky analysis in conjunction with the point defect model. The donor density of the passive films, which can be estimated by the Mott-Schottky plots, changes depending on the film formation potentials. Based on the Mott-Schottky analysis, an exponential relationship between donor density and the film formation potentials of the passive films was developed. The results showed that the donor densities evaluated from Mott-Schottky plots are in the range 2-3 × 1021 cm−3and decreased with the film formation potential. By assuming that the donors are oxygen ion vacancies and/or cation interstitials, the diffusion coefficient of the donors, (), is calculated to be approximately 3.12 × 10−16 cm2/s.
Study of impaired glucose tolerance, dyslipidemia, metabolic syndrome, and cardiovascular risk in a south Indian population
Authors: Martha S , Ramreddy S , Pantam N
Published: January 2011

Background:

In developing countries, obesity is the most prevalent metabolic disease and leads to an important cardiovascular and global mortality rate, either directly or indirectly through cardiovascular risk factors.

Aim:

We sought to study the prevalence of impaired glucose tolerance (IGT), dyslipidemia, metabolic syndrome (MS), and cardiovascular risk (CVR) in a south Indian population.

Setting and Design:

A cross-sectional, single-center observational study in a cohort of 96 healthy male subjects.

Materials and Methods:

Age, body mass index (BMI), blood pressure (BP), total lipid profiles, fating plasma glucose (FPG), post lunch plasma glucose (PLPG), glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), creatinine and insulin were measured by standard methods.

Statistical Analysis:

Student's t-test and Chi-square test were used to determine differences between mean and frequency values of continuous and categorical variables. Results: Significant differences were observed in the means of BMI (28.89 kg/m2) (P<0.0001), FPG (102.41 mg/dL) (P<0.0001), insulin (18.1 μU/L) (P<0.0001), PLPG (149.05 mg/dL) (P<0.0001), diastolic BP (84.41 mmHg) (P<0.01), total cholesterol (166.72 mg/dL) (P<0.001), low-density lipoprotein (90.65 mg/dL) (P<0.0001) in overweight subjects when compared to normal subjects. The prevalence of dyslipidemia, IGT, MS and CVR was significantly higher in younger (<45years) than middle-aged (46-55years) subjects.

Conclusions:

The condition of being overweight, expressed as BMI, appears to be a good indicator of risk for IGT, MS, and CVR, particularly in young non-obese subjects (BMI<30).
The obstetric outcome following treatment in a cohort of patients with antiphospholipid antibody syndrome in a tertiary care center
Authors: Dadhwal V , Sharma AK , Deka D , Gupta B , Mittal S
Published: January 2011

Background:

Antiphospholipid antibody syndrome (APAS) is regarded as the most frequently acquired risk factor for thrombophilia. The obstetric manifestations of APAS include early or late pregnancy losses and complications like preeclampsia and fetal growth restriction. Its timely diagnosis and treatment can improve maternal and neonatal outcome.

Aims:

To study the pregnancy outcome of patients with APAS treated with heparin and aspirin.

Settings and Design:

This was a retrospective study of pregnancy outcome in 42 consecutive women with APAS, treated with heparin and aspirin.

Materials and Methods:

The case records of 42 diagnosed cases of APAS with pregnancy, over a 3-year period, were studied. The pregnancy outcome in this group was compared before and after treatment with heparin and low-dose aspirin in terms of abortions, intrauterine deaths and live birth rate. The outcome of the present pregnancy in terms of fetal and maternal complications was analyzed.

Results:

The mean age and average parity of women with APAS were 30.1±4.1 years and 3.2±1.2, respectively. Among the treated patients of APAS, 13 (30.9%) had preeclampsia and 9 (21.4%) had intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR). There were 2 (4.7%) intrauterine deaths, 4 (9.5%) missed abortions and 3 (7.1%) abruptio placentae. Women with APAS had a live birth rate of 4.6% before treatment and 85.7% in the index pregnancy after treatment.

Conclusion:

Treatment of pregnant women with APAS results in marked improvement in the live birth rate (4.6-85.7%). However, complications like preeclampsia and IUGR occur even after treatment, requiring strict monitoring and timely delivery.
Isolated left innominate vein aneurysm
Authors: Dua SG , Kulkarni AV , Purandare NC , Kulkarni S
Published: January 2011

Mediastinal widening in an adult is mostly nodal in origin. Occasionally vascular aneurysms may be the underlying cause, in which case the aorta or its branches are most frequently involved. Thoracic venous aneurysms, on the other hand, have been reported only in anecdotes, with fusiform aneurysm of the superior vena cava being the commonest. Isolated aneurysms involving the brachiocephalic/innominate vein are extremely rare. We describe detection of a saccular aneurysm of the innominate vein, as the underlying cause of mediastinal widening seen on a chest radiograph in a 42-year-old asymptomatic woman. The characteristic radiological findings of thoracic venous aneurysms are described with particular reference to the importance of multiplanar computed tomography in such settings. Also discussed is the role of imaging in the diagnosis and guiding the management of this rare entity.
Pneumatosis intestinalis and mesenteric venous gas - A manifestation of bacterascites in a patient with cirrhosis
Authors: Yellapu RK , Rajekar H , Martin JD , Schiano TD
Published: January 2011

We herein report a patient with decompensated cirrhosis secondary to autoimmune hepatitis, who presented with pneumatosis intestinalis (PI) and portal venous gas. Mesenteric ischemia has been recognized as a common and life-threatening cause of PI which portends a grave prognosis. The patient was found to have bacterascites and recovered after appropriate antibiotic therapy. Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis/bacterascites with gas-forming organisms manifesting as PI has not been previously reported.
Kissing anterior communicating artery aneurysms
Authors: Baldawa SS , Menon G , Nair S
Published: January 2011

Kissing aneurysms are unusual and relatively rare types of multiple intracranial arterial aneurysms. When located on the anterior communicating artery (ACoA), kissing aneurysms pose considerable diagnostic difficulty on preoperative conventional angiogram. Special angiographic views or 3D rotational angiogram are needed to make the correct diagnosis and to avoid interpreting them as multilobed or bilobed saccular aneurysms on preoperative conventional angiogram. Treatment of these aneurysms, either by clipping or coiling, needs to be individualized. Unique problems which need to be addressed during surgical clipping are high risk of rupture due to dense adhesions between the kissing aneurysms, requirement of at least two clips in a narrow working area, the aneurysm that needs to be clipped first and interference of the first clip with application of subsequent clips. The authors present a case of a 63-year-old male who had kissing ACoA aneurysms managed successfully by clipping.
The Expanding Mi-2/NuRD Complexes: A Schematic Glance
Authors: Zhang Yue , Li Yinghua
Published: January 2011

This mini-review will schematically update the progress of the expanding Mi-2/Nucleosome Remodeling Deacetylase (NuRD) complexes in cancer and in normal development such as stemness, with a focus on mammals and the increasingly popular and powerful model organism Caenorhabditis elegans. The Mi-2/NuRD complexes control gene activity during the development of complex organisms. Every Mi-2/NuRD complex contains many different core polypeptides, which form distinct multifunctional complexes with specific context-dependent regulators. The Mi-2/NuRD complexes have unique ATP-dependent chromatin remodeling, histone deacetylase, demethylase activities and higher order chromatin organization. They can regulate the accessibility of transcription factors or repair proteins to DNA. In this review, we summarize our current knowleges in the composition, interaction and function of the subunits within the Mi-2/NuRD complex, the methodology used for the identification of Mi-2/NuRD complexes, as well as the clinical and therapeutic implications targeting the Mi-2/NuRD subunits.
Experimental determination of distance and orientation of metallic nanodimers by polarization dependent plasmon coupling
Authors: Grecco H. E. , Martínez O. E.
Published: January 2011

Live cell imaging using metallic nanoparticles as tags is an emerging technique to visualize long and highly dynamic processes due to the lack of photobleaching and high photon rate. However, the lack of excited states as compared to fluorescent dyes prevents the use of resonance energy transfer and recently developed super resolution methods to measure distances between objects closer that the resolution limit. In this work, we experimentally demonstrate a technique to determine subdiffraction distances based on the near field coupling of metallic nanoparticles. Due to the symmetry breaking in the scattering cross section, not only distances but also relative orientations can be measured. Gold nanoparticles were prepared on glass in such way that a small fraction of dimers was present. The sample was sequentially illuminated with two wavelengths to separate background from nanoparticle scattering based on their spectral properties. A novel total internal reflection illumination scheme in which the polarization can be rotated was used to further minimize background contributions. In this way, radii, distance and orientation were measured for each individual dimer and their statistical distributions were found to be in agreement with the expected ones. We envision that this technique will allow fast and long term tracking of relative distance and orientation in biological processes.Received: 22 April 2010, Accepted: 2 December 2010; Edited by: V. Lakshminarayanan; Reviewed by: S. Roy, Dayalbagh Educational Institute, Agra, India; DOI: 10.4279/PIP.020010
Understanding the Experience of Noninclusive Occupational Therapy Clinics: Lesbians’ Perspectives
Authors: Jackson Jeanne
Published: January 2011

This article presents understandings about how noninclusive occupational therapy environments are developed and maintained. The data are drawn from a study that, in part, explored the experiences of lesbian or bisexual occupational therapists working in a health care system. Ten participants each engaged in two to five in-depth audiotaped interviews. The narrative data were analyzed with a modified form of grounded theory. The data provide insight into how heterosexist occupational therapy work climates are created and maintained through four processes: heterosexual discourse, homophobic comments, assumed heterosexuality, and perceived stereotypes. The way in which heterosexist occupational therapy work climates may impede the professional growth of therapists also is presented. The knowledge gained from this study can help practitioners, professors, and students in their attempts to sustain an inclusive environment with respect to persons who are lesbian, gay, and bisexual.
Parental Hopes for Therapy Outcomes: Children With Sensory Modulation Disorders
Authors: Cohn Ellen , Miller Lucy Jane , Tickle-Degnen Linda
Published: January 2011

Objective. Understanding parents’ hopes for therapy outcomes is essential to family-centered care. This qualitative study explored parents’ points of view regarding their hopes for the outcomes of occupational therapy using a sensory integration treatment approach.

Method. Data were collected as part of a larger research project on the effectiveness of rehabilitating children who have sensory modulation disorders. Five interviews were randomly selected from 17 parent interviews conducted in the larger study. Data were analyzed using grounded theory methods.

Findings. Three themes pertinent to the occupations of children and two themes related to the occupations of parenting and sustaining family life emerged. Child-focused outcomes include social participation, self-regulation, and perceived competence. Parent-focused outcomes include learning strategies to support children and obtaining personal validation.

Discussion. Interventions are proposed that relate to children’s participation in contexts in which they live, learn, and play, as well as the support of parents in the occupations of parenting.
Grip Form and Graphomotor Control in Preschool Children
Authors: Burton Allen W. , Dancisak Michael J.
Published: January 2011

Objective. The purpose of this study was to examine the utility of the grip scale presented by Schneck and Henderson, the effect of grip form on drawing accuracy, and the effect of implement diameter on grip form and drawing accuracy.

Method. Sixty boys and girls who were 3, 4, and 5 years of age performed 20 trials of a precision drawing task, 4 trials each with five implements of varying diameters (4.7, 7.9, 11.1, 14.3, and 17.5 mm).

Results. First, all 1,200 grips could be coded according to Schneck and Henderson’s 10-grip whole-configuration assessment system, but the interrater reliability was lower than expected (.67 proportion of perfect agreement). Second, using Schneck’s five-level scoring system, the level of grip significantly affected drawing accuracy, with the highest grip level used most often with the highest accuracy scores and the lowest observed grip level used most often with the lowest accuracy scores. Third, increasing implement diameter led to significantly lower level grips but did not significantly affect accuracy.

Conclusions. Therapists are recommended to use Schneck and Henderson’s 10-grip scale only for documenting the persons’ grips and changes in their grips, but if comparisons between individual persons are desired, then Schneck’s five-level scale, which affords greater generalizability, should be used. Further, children with graphomotor performance deficits are not likely to benefit from grip manipulations because such strategies were shown to make better only performance that is already good.
Occupational Therapy Benchmarks Within Orthopedic (Hip) Critical Pathways
Authors: Novalis Sharon D. , Messenger Michele Fricke , Morris Lee
Published: January 2011

Objective. This study examined patient performance benchmarks for occupational therapy within orthopedic (hip) critical pathways.

Method. Eight orthopedic (hip) critical pathways gathered from occupational therapy practitioners working in hospital and rehabilitation settings were examined to determine commonalities and differences of occupational therapy benchmarks, disciplines involved, and identified allowable variances. A comparison and contrast matrix was developed to provide a visual means of reviewing the data.

Results. Nursing, physical therapy, and occupational therapy were disciplines consistently involved in the pathways. Activities of daily living related to self-care were the most consistently used occupational therapy benchmark within the sample pathways, and functional transfers were the second most-used benchmark. The remaining occupational therapy benchmarks varied, and little commonality was found in their use. Frequency of use also varied among the eight pathways. Five of eight pathways specifically coded variances, with the remaining three providing space for explanation of the variance.

Conclusion. Although these eight orthopedic (hip) critical pathways included occupational therapy benchmarks, further development and definition of the role of occupational therapy within subsequent orthopedic (hip) critical pathways is needed.
Effects of Body Mechanics Training on Performance of Repetitive Lifting
Authors: Lieber Susan J. , Rudy Thomas E. , Boston J. Robert
Published: January 2011

Objective. To measure the efficacy of body mechanics instruction (BMI) in patients with low back pain.

Method. The effect of BMI was measured in four participants with back injuries using a standardized lifting protocol. Static strength, weight lifted, number of lifts completed, and motion analysis data to describe the body mechanics were measured before and after work hardening to evaluate treatment effects. The participants’ performances were compared with 52 controls from an earlier study.

Results. Starting postures, characterized by degrees of hip and knee flexion, varied by participant but favored a squat lift in three participants when compared with the controls. Dynamic motion synchrony of the hip and knee joints was similar to controls in three of the four participants. Posttest data revealed significant changes in static strength, dynamic endurance, and lifting speed.

Conclusion. Intensive instruction in body mechanics provided during the work-hardening treatment produced major changes in lifting styles, in terms of both starting postures and dynamic aspects of repetitive lifting. The computerized measurement procedures used in this study permitted more careful and detailed analyses of body mechanics, particularly dynamic aspects, than is possible with observational methods. This study demonstrated some of the inherent intricacies in isodynamic lifting and suggests additional areas of performance that may be important to address in BMI.
From Hand Twister to Mind Twister: Computer-Aided Treatment in Traumatic Wrist Fracture
Authors: Jarus Tal , Shavit Shula , Ratzon Navah
Published: January 2011

Objective. The use of computers as a treatment modality in the occupational therapy hand clinic is, as yet, not common practice. A computer interface for wrist movements was developed, and a study to justify the application of such a device is presented.

Method. Forty-seven patients in a day hand clinic who had traumatic fracture of one hand with limitation of wrist mobility participated in the study. Participants were divided into two treatment groups: computer-aided treatment (high technology) and traditional brush machine treatment (low technology). A device was developed based on the brush machine in which the brush machine’s mechanism was converted into a medial–lateral joystick. Right-to-left movements were digitally transformed for the use of a computer game. Participants were treated for 5 weeks, and outcome measures included range of motion (ROM), grip strength, edema, and level of interest.

Results. Results showed significant improvement in ROM, grip strength, and edema across 5 weeks for all participants. Although no significant differences were found between the two groups in ROM, grip strength, and edema, the computer-aided group showed significantly more interest in treatment than did the brush machine group. Finally, the interaction between treatment group and the attitude toward computers was not significant.

Conclusions. These results indicate the potential for more interesting motor treatment and rehabilitation of the wrist through the use of computer games. The efficacy of using computers in occupational therapy clinics needs further investigation.
Daily Life for Eight Urban Gay Men With HIV/AIDS
Authors: Bedell Gary
Published: January 2011

Objective. The purpose of this qualitative research study was to gain an understanding of the daily life experiences of eight gay men with HIV/AIDS living alone in New York City.

Method. The participants ranged in age from 25 to 50 years. Data were primarily collected using in-depth personal interviews in 1996 followed by telephone interviews 1 year later. Constant-comparison and thematic analyses were used to identify themes and subthemes.

Results. Two broad themes with related subthemes were generated from the data. “A Reasonably Stable Base” represented the emotional, physical, and environmental foundation that preexisted or was created as a consequence of living with HIV/AIDS. This theme played a particularly important role in the participants’ lives, especially during periods of emotional and physical instability. “Finding and Maintaining Balance” was a second theme that illustrated strategies used for managing and readjusting daily routines, goals, and priorities, as well as how the participants experienced this readjustment process.

Conclusions. All of the participants developed their own daily living strategies that were comparable to intervention methods provided in occupational therapy such as energy conservation and work simplification. The findings suggest that occupational therapy practitioners could potentially assist urban gay men with HIV/AIDS with finding and maintaining stability and balance in their daily lives.
Effectiveness of Everyday Occupations for Changing Client Behaviors in a Community Living Arrangement
Authors: Holm Margo B. , Santangelo Maria A. , Fromuth Donald J. , Brown Sandra O. , Walter Heather
Published: January 2011

Objective. This study examined the effect of three occupations-based interventions for reducing the frequency of dysfunctional behaviors (disruptive vocalizations, distraction of others, withdrawal from appropriate social interactions) in two women with dual (i.e., developmental, psychiatric) conditions. Additionally, the duration of time spent appropriately engaged was examined.

Method. A single-subject, multiple baseline, across-subjects design, with two dually diagnosed residents in a Community Living Arrangement (CLA), was used to evaluate change in four behaviors under three alternating conditions. Condition 1 was CLA (morning and evening combined) compared with the school and sheltered workshop, Condition 2 was CLA morning, and Condition 3 was CLA evening. Intervention consisted of engagement in everyday occupations associated with the school–workshop and CLA settings as well as a positive reinforcement program.

Results. Using occupations-based interventions and a behavior modification program, 5 of 6 behaviors improved significantly in the school-and-workshop setting compared to the CLA, under Condition 1. Under Condition 2, the morning occupations-based intervention in conjunction with positive reinforcement for active participation significantly improved 4 of 6 behaviors for the two residents. Similarly, under Condition 3—the evening occupations-based intervention—4 of the 6 targeted behaviors improved significantly.

Conclusion. The use of everyday occupations as interventions, in conjunction with positive reinforcement for active participation, was effective for decreasing dysfunctional behaviors and increasing functional behaviors in two women with dual conditions who resided in a CLA.
Attitudes of Occupational Therapists Toward Spirituality in Practice
Authors: Taylor Eve , Mitchell Jill E. , Kenan Sarah , Tacker Robin
Published: January 2011

Objective. This study examined (a) occupational therapists’ attitudes about spirituality in practice on the basis of whether they identified themselves as religious, (b) whether their personal definition of spirituality related to their religiousness, (c) whether their definition related to their attitude about spirituality in practice, and (d) the methods they used to address the spiritual needs of clients.

Method. An attitude questionnaire was developed and mailed to 396 American occupational therapists. Fifty-two percent (n = 206) of the mailed questionnaires were analyzed.

Results. Overall, participants indicated a slightly positive attitude toward spirituality in occupational therapy practice. Participants who considered themselves to be religious indicated a more positive view toward spirituality in practice than those who did not consider themselves to be religious. Religiousness accounted for only 28% of the variance in choice of spirituality definition, indicating that additional variables account for what determines therapists’ definitions of spirituality. No relationship was found between personal definition choice and attitude regarding spirituality in practice. The three methods most commonly used to address the spiritual needs of their clients were to (a) pray for a client, (b) use spiritual language or concepts with a client, and (c) discuss with clients ways that their religious beliefs were helpful.

Conclusion. Therapists’ conceptualization of spirituality and attitudes about spirituality in occupational therapy practice are quite diverse.
Perceived Risk as a Constraint on Occupational Performance During Hot and Cold Water Pouring
Authors: Rice Martin S. , Thomas Julie Jepsen
Published: January 2011

Objective. Occupational therapists are interested in quality of movement under different environmental conditions. It has been shown that during reaching tasks, the physical aspects of the objects to be grasped can influence the quality of movement. This study investigated whether perceived risk (water temperature) affected the quality of movement during a pouring task.

Method. In a counterbalanced, repeated measures design, 56 participants (M =27.1 years, SD =7.4 years) poured hot, then cold water to prepare hot and cold beverages. Dependent variables included movement time, displacement, peak velocity, percentage of movement time to peak velocity, and movement units. Data were analyzed with paired t tests.

Results. Participant performance in displacement and movement time was significantly different when considering the entire pouring task for both the hot and the cold conditions (ps < .05). In addition, significant differences were found in the discrete movement “sub-portions” of the pouring task (ps < .05).

Conclusion. Perceived risk is an element of meaning that the occupational therapist can consider in providing the person with just enough challenge to facilitate successful performance. By varying the amount of perceived risk in the occupational form, the therapist can help the person experience and develop the range of movement strategies required by everyday occupations. Future research is needed to corroborate these findings in simple and more complex occupations as well as to examine perceived risk in special populations.
Our Mandate for the New Millennium: Evidence-Based Practice
Authors: Holm Margo B.
Published: January 2011

The health care environment of the past quarter century went through numerous evolutionary processes that affected how occupational therapy services were provided. The last iterations of these processes included requests for the evidence that supported what we were doing. This year’s Eleanor Clarke Slagle Lecture (a) examines the strength of the evidence associated with occupational therapy interventions—what we do and how we do it—(b) raises dilemmas we face with our ethical principles when some of our practices are based on limited evidence, and (c) proposes a framework of continued competency to advance the evidence base of occupational therapy practice in the new millennium.
A Curricular Renaissance: Graduate Education Centered on Occupation
Authors: Wood Wendy , Nielson Cathy , Humphry Ruth , Coppola Susan , Baranek Grace , Rourk Jane
Published: January 2011

A 3-year project of curricular renaissance undertaken by the faculty of an entry-level master’s degree program is described. This project culminated in a thoroughly redesigned program of study centered around the construct of occupation and built on a foundation of knowledge in occupational science. Described herein are three developmental and highly iterative domains of activity that we re crucial to the project’s success: (a) environmental scanning and analysis, (b) creation of a compelling future vision of occupational therapy, and (c) curriculum planning. Also detailed are especially salient assumptions and beliefs about graduate education as well as seven themes that encompass the program’s academic content and illustrate its defining emphases. These themes are (a) occupation, (b) the human as an occupational being, (c) occupation as a medium of change, (d) clinical reasoning , (e) ethical reasoning, (f) investigative reasoning, and (g) occupational therapists as scholars and change agents in systems. The article concludes with reflections on innovation in graduate education in occupational therapy today.
Impact of solar wind depression on the dayside magnetosphere under northward interplanetary magnetic field
Authors: Baraka S. , Ben-Jaffel L.
Published: January 2011

Abstract. We present a follow up study of the sensitivity of the Earth's magnetosphere to solar wind activity using a particles-in-cell model (Baraka and Ben Jaffel, 2007), but here during northward Interplanetary Magnetic Field (IMF). The formation of the magnetospheric cavity and its elongation around the planet is obtained with the classical structure of a magnetosphere with parallel lobes. An impulsive disturbance is then applied to the system by changing the bulk velocity of the solar wind to simulate a decrease in the solar wind dynamic pressure followed by its recovery. In response to the imposed drop in the solar wind velocity, a gap (abrupt depression) in the incoming solar wind plasma appears moving toward the Earth. The gap's size is a ~15 RE and is comparable to the sizes previously obtained for both Bz<0 and Bz=0. During the initial phase of the disturbance along the x-axis, the dayside magnetopause (MP) expands slower than the previous cases of IMF orientations as a result of the abrupt depression. The size of the MP expands nonlinearly due to strengthening of its outer boundary by the northward IMF. Also, during the initial 100 Δt, the MP shrank down from 13.3 RE to ~9.2 RE before it started expanding, a phenomenon that was also observed for southern IMF conditions but not during the no IMF case. As soon as they felt the solar wind depression, cusps widened at high altitude while dragged in an upright position. For the field's topology, the reconnection between magnetospheric and magnetosheath fields is clearly observed in both the northward and southward cusps areas. Also, the tail region in the northward IMF condition is more confined, in contrast to the fishtail-shape obtained in the southward IMF case. An X-point is formed in the tail at ~110 RE compared to ~103 RE and ~80 RE for Bz=0 and Bz<0, respectively. Our findings are consistent with existing reports from many space observatories (Cluster, Geotail, Themis, etc.) for which predictions are proposed to test furthermore our simulation technique.
The PREVIEW Global Risk Data Platform: a geoportal to serve and share global data on risk to natural hazards
Authors: Giuliani G. , Peduzzi P.
Published: January 2011

Abstract. With growing world population and concentration in urban and coastal areas, the exposure to natural hazards is increasing and results in higher risk of human and economic losses. Improving the identification of areas, population and assets potentially exposed to natural hazards is essential to reduce the consequences of such events. Disaster risk is a function of hazard, exposure and vulnerability. Modelling risk at the global level requires accessing and processing a large number of data, from numerous collaborating centres. These data need to be easily updated, and there is a need for centralizing access to this information as well as simplifying its use for non GIS specialists. The Hyogo Framework for Action provides the mandate for data sharing, so that governments and international development agencies can take appropriate decision for disaster risk reduction. Timely access and easy integration of geospatial data are essential to support efforts in Disaster Risk Reduction. However various issues in data availability, accessibility and integration limit the use of such data. In consequence, a framework that facilitate sharing and exchange of geospatial data on natural hazards should improve decision-making process. The PREVIEW Global Risk Data Platform is a highly interactive web-based GIS portal supported by a Spatial Data Infrastructure that offers free and interoperable access to more than 60 global data sets on nine types of natural hazards (tropical cyclones and related storm surges, drought, earthquakes, biomass fires, floods, landslides, tsunamis and volcanic eruptions) and related exposure and risk. This application portrays an easy-to-use online interactive mapping interface so that users can easily work with it and seamlessly integrate data in their own data flow using fully compliant OGC Web Services (OWS).
The development and implementation of a real-time meteotsunami warning network for the Adriatic Sea
Authors: Šepić J. , Vilibić I.
Published: January 2011

Abstract. The Adriatic Sea meteotsunami research and warning network is described. The network is located in the middle Adriatic, an area where the most destructive of the Adriatic meteotsunamis (destructive tsunami-like sea level oscillations generated by air pressure oscillations) occur. The network consists of three microbarograph meteorological stations, and is supplemented by four permanent tide-gauge stations. The two strongest air pressure disturbances, detected in almost a year and a half of measurements, are examined in more detail and used to test functionality and applicability of the network. Both of these disturbances had a meteotsunami favourable velocity, however, only one generated a meteotsunami. It is discussed why this happened and additional information on creating a meteotsunami warning system are obtained. Methods to construct a simple low-cost meteotsunami warning network are given.
Entre narration et action: Herméneutique et reconstruction thérapeutique de l'identité
Authors: Busacchi Vinicio
Published: January 2011

La psychanalyse de Freud exerce un rôle constitutif dans le discours philosophique de Paul Ricœur sur l'homme. Autour de sa conception de “l' homme capable,” on peut voir s'articuler très clairement trois modèles théoriques: une théorie de la réflexion comme réappropriation, une théorie de la narration comme construction et comme reconstruction de l'identité, une théorie de la reconnaissance comme parcours d'émancipation. Il s'agit de trois modèles capables de donner à la psychanalyse d'aujourd'hui des éléments nouveaux pour l'élaboration d'une théorie herméneutique centrée sur les concepts de narration et d'action.    The psychoanalysis of Freud plays a constitutive role in Paul Ricœur’s philosophical discourse on the human. His conception of the human being as “capable man” revolves around three theoretical models – a theory of reflection as re-appropriation, a theory of narration as the construction and reconstruction of identity, and a theory of recognition as a course of emancipation. These three models can lend new elements  to current psychoanalysis for the elaboration of a hermeneutical theory focused on the concepts of narration and action.
Ricoeur on Conscience: His Blind Spot and the Homecoming of Shame
Authors: Thun René
Published: January 2011

In his hermeneutic of the self, which he is working out in his Oneself as another, Ricœur writes about the constitutive conditions of conscience as a dimension of the experience of passivity. For the following considerations, I will argue that Ricœur is very right in maintaining the moral impact of the notion of conscience; but if we on the other hand remember older writings by Ricœur like Fallible Man we have to admit that something is missed in the chapter about conscience in Oneself as Another. And that means, that in Oneself as Another he neglects the affective dimension of conscience. This affective dimension is - I think - the notion of shame.Dans Soi-même comme un autre où s'élabore son herméneutique du soi, Paul Ricœur réfléchit sur les conditions constitutives de la conscience comme expérience de la passivité.  Pour les considerations suivantes, je souhaiterai montrer que Ricœur a tout à fait raison de plaider pour la dimension morale de la notion de conscience. Mais, d'un autre côté,si l'on se souvient des écrits plus anciens de Ricoeur sur l'Homme faillible, nous sommes tenus d'admettre que, au cours du chapitre sur la conscience dans Soi-même comme un autre, quelque chose est perdu de vue. Nous voulons signifier que, dans ce chapitre, il néglige la dimension affective de la conscience. Cette dimension affective est, nous semble-t-il, la notion de honte.
Paul Ricœur, Écrits et conférences 2: Herméneutique
Authors: Kovács Barna
Published: January 2011

Recension de Paul Ricœur, Écrits et conférences 2: Herméneutique (Paris: Seuil, 2010).
Narrative Refiguration of Social Events: Paul Ricoeur's Contribution to Rethinking the Social
Authors: Borisenkova Anna
Published: January 2011

The analysis of events has been a central issue for social sciences for a long time. The problem of an event's definition and distinction is still at stake in sociological debates. The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate the contribution of Paul Ricoeur's narrative theory to social events studies. First, this is done through the explication of the concept in the framework of narrative approach. Secondly, the paper highlights the narrative's capacity of 'refiguring' the social by re-describing social events, subordinating their succession to the logic of story-telling and transforming temporal characteristics as well. Apart from some insights, interpretative explanations and illustrations the paper provides critical arguments concerning the limitations of Paul Ricoeur's narrative approach with respect to sociological event-analysis.     L'analyse des événements a toujours été une question centrale pour l'histoire et les sciences sociales. Le problème de la définition et de la distinction des événements est encore en jeu dans les débats sociologiques contemporains. L'objectif de cet article est de s'attarder sur la contribution de la théorie de Paul Ricœur aux études des événements sociaux.  Après avoir montré les limites d'une conception impersonnelle de l'événement, l'auteur se penche sur la solution narrative proposée par Ricœur, à savoir la capacité du récit à “refigurer” du Social par la re-description des événements sociaux. Il s'agit de soumettre la logique de la succession temporelle à la logique de la narration. Tout en rendant justice à la valeur heuristique de telles analyses (à travers une série d'explicitations et d'illustrations), l'article pointe les limites de l'approche narrative de Paul Ricœur au regard des analyses sociologique des événements.
L'herméneutique du soi
Authors: Davidson Scott , Michel Johann
Published: January 2011

Les auteurs presentent le numero inaugural de ERRS.
Herméneutiques croisées: Conversation imaginaire entre Ricœur et Foucault
Authors: Barthélémy Annie
Published: January 2011

L’article se propose de confronter l’herméneutique du sujet, telle qu’elle est définie par Ricœur dans son ouvrage Soi-même comme un autre à celle qui fait l’objet du cours donné par Michel Foucault en 1981-1982 au Collège de France. Il s’agit, sous la forme d’une conversation imaginaire, de préciser le sens donné par les deux auteurs à l’herméneutique du sujet et d’en dégager les implications sur la constitution du sujet, la conception de la liberté et le statut de l’éthique. L'argumentation s'appuie sur l'ouvrage majeur Soi-même comme un autre, que Ricœur a élaboré dans la période qui correspond aux dernières œuvres de Foucault.  This paper intends to compare the hermeneutics of the subject by Ricœur in Oneself as Another with the lessons given by Foucault at the Collège de France in 1981-1982 about The Hermeneutics of the Subject. Presented as an invented conversation, it tries to specify the meaning of both authors’ hermeneutics and to find their implications about the subject’s constitution, the conception of freedom and the status of ethics. The argumentation is based on the essential book Oneself as Another, conceived by Ricœur at the same time Foucault was writing his last works.
From the archive: ‘Autobiographical memory: The next phase’ by J. A. Robinson & K. L. Swanson (1990). Applied Cognitive Psychology, 4, 321–335 with commentary
Authors:   Nominated by Susan Bluck – Associate Editor
Published: January 2011

Robinson and Swanson's article provides an excellent metric for judging how far we have come in the field of autobiographical memory and yet how far we still have to go in understanding this fascinating, uniquely‐human capability. Published in 1990, the article lays out the ‘next phase’ for research. We followed many of the suggestions put forth there and in doing so have indeed greatly enriched the field. Today in 2010, however, we can still read this article for the valuable insights and new directions it provides for future research.
From the archive: ‘Involuntary autobiographical memories’ by D. Berntsen (1996). Applied Cognitive Psychology, 10, 435–454 with commentary
Authors:   Nominated by Tim Brennen – Associate Editor
Published: January 2011

The paper introduced to cognitive psychology the phenomenon that autobiographical memories have a habit of springing effortlessly to mind. In a diary study, it was way ahead of its time. In addition to being part of the trend to bring aspects of everyday mental life into cognitive psychology, such involuntary memories have been explored by the author and others to strengthen the links between cognitive and clinical psychology, in this case PTSD.
From the archive: ‘Crashing memories and the problem of ‘source monitoring’’ by H. F. M. Crombag, W. A. Wagenaar, & P. J. van Koppen (1996). Applied Cognitive Psychology, 10, 95–104 with commentary
Authors:   Nominated by Pär Anders Granhag – Deputy Editor in Chief
Published: January 2011

This prominent team of Dutch researchers was among the first to show that every second witness can easily be made to claim falsely to have witnessed a whole, complex and highly emotional event. We confidently claim to have seen what we have not ‐ our memory crashes. The method was simple yet highly innovative and has inspired many other researchers to follow. The paper brings out clear and important applied implications, the findings are explained by the use of a cognitive theory, and it is provocative: Psychology at its best. The paper is ACP trademarked.
From the archive: ‘Memory conformity: Can eyewitnesses influence each other's memories for an event?’ by F. Gabbert, A. Memon, & K. Allan (2003). Applied Cognitive Psychology, 17, 533–543 with commentary
Authors:   Nominated by Don Read – SARMAC Editor 2000–2004
Published: January 2011

This paper established a new direction for researchers interested in the malleability of memory in a forensic context or eyewitness paradigm. The paper was the first to extend ‘misinformation’ effects established in controlled laboratory settings to witness reports following discussions with fellow witnesses. This was achieved within a relatively naturalistic situation and it persuasively demonstrated what had long been observed in the social psychological literature: that the opinions of others affect our behaviour but can also quite dramatically alter our reports as well as our beliefs and memories. When eyewitnesses comply with the reports of others in a social interaction, the longterm consequences for their recollections are clearly substantial. This paper has stimulated much research which has reinforced and extended the basic findings.
ASH 2010 meeting report—Top 10 clinically‐oriented abstracts in myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS)
Authors: Steensma David P.
Published: January 2011

The December 2010 American Society of Hematology (ASH) annual meeting in Orlando, Florida included more than 150 abstracts in the myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) category. Thirty‐six MDS‐focused abstracts were presented in 6 oral sessions, and 120 additional abstracts were presented in 3 poster sessions. Although the 2010 ASH annual meeting included relatively little new MDS clinical trial data, with only one large randomized trial presented (the Intergroup E1905 study), it was an exciting conference from the standpoint of molecular discoveries in myeloid neoplasms, as various investigative groups presented results offering novel insights into MDS pathobiology, generated via high‐throughput genomic sequencing and other innovative laboratory techniques. Here I summarize and discuss 10 MDS‐related abstracts of special interest, which contain information that informs clinical practice. All 10 of these abstracts are published in full in the November 19, 2010 issue of Blood (volume 116, issue 21) and are identified here by their abstract number and title.
Spectral density based estimation of continuous‐time ARMAX process parameters
Authors: Mossberg M.
Published: January 2011

The continuous‐time ARMAX model is a standard model that can be used for describing continuous‐time stochastic dynamic systems for control purposes. In this note, the problem of estimating the parameters in such a model from discrete‐time data is considered. In the proposed solution, the parameters in the denominator polynomial are estimated using a continuous‐time Yule‐Walker equation. Thereafter, the parameters in the numerator polynomials are estimated using an approach based on the spectral density of the output signal and regularized least squares. The method is sub‐optimal but easy to apply and the given estimates can be used directly or as initial values for the maximum likelihood method.

Copyright © 2010 John Wiley and Sons Asia Pte Ltd and Chinese Automatic Control Society