bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Clases naturales en la neurociencia cognitiva: la controversia continúa
Authors: García Campos Jonatan , Hernández Chávez Paola , Martínez Maximiliano , Soto López Roberto
Published: July 2021

En este artículo analizamos algunas clasificaciones de la Neurociencias dando un espacio para evaluar, actualizar y mejorar nuestras ideas sobre el debate de la realizabilidad múltiple (RM) y las clases naturales (CNs) de la Biología. La realizabilidad múltiple, la posibilidad de lograr un fin mediante medios diversos o causalmente inesperados, ha sido una postura teóricamente incómoda en la ciencia, a pesar de haber permeado campos tan remotos como las Neurociencias. Se ha aducido que el éxito de las neurociencias se basa principalmente en cuatro supuestos: 1) las comparaciones entre especies, 2) la continuidad de mecanismos neurales entre éstas, 3) la unicidad de las funciones cerebrales, 4) la existencia de un sustrato neuronal común. En este artículo nos remitimos a evidencia extraída de neuroanatomía comparada entre especies, específicamente a las hipótesis y reglas de la evolución cerebral interespecíficas y al Proyecto del Cerebro Humano (Human Brain Project o HBP, por sus siglas en inglés) para cuestionar 1-4. Esto nos permitirá sostener que la realizabilidad múltiple no puede descartarse de la neurociencia actual.
Filosofía de la biología y de la técnica
Authors: Fisher Jaime
Published: July 2021

Asumo aquí una posición que apenas necesita defensa entre naturalistas: el continuum entre biología y cultura. Intento llamar la atención, por un lado, sobre las bases biológicas de la técnica y su evolución recíproca; y, por otro, sobre las bases técnicas de la biología y la evolución mutua entre biología y técnica. Esto puede ser fértil en la tarea de pensar qué es el hombre y qué puede ser mediante su hacer en el mundo. Implicaría, más que un mero acercamiento, un mestizaje entre biología y antropología, y, por ello, entre filosofía de la biología y filosofía de la técnica.
Continuidad y discontinuidad en la construcción de nicho: hacia una lectura política del proceso de domesticación
Authors: Jardón Barbolla Lev , Gutiérrez Navarro Alonso
Published: July 2021

La variación en estado doméstico ha sido estudiada por la biología evolutiva desde el inicio del programa darwinista de investigación, destacando la selección artificial como parte del desarrollo del concepto de selección natural. Recientemente la teoría de construcción de nicho ha sido usada para analizar los procesos de domesticación que históricamente han formado parte de la vida social en los seres humanos. En este trabajo abordamos las implicaciones de la selección artificial como elemento en la línea de tensión dialéctica entre la sociedad y la naturaleza. Desde una perspectiva marxista analizamos los elementos de continuidad y discontinuidad que la reproducción de una “segunda naturaleza” introduce en el proceso de construcción de nicho, concentrándonos en la dimensión política (Echeverría 2001) como proceso emergente en la re-producción de una identidad social y cultural en las sociedades humanas. En este trabajo nos centramos en el caso de las plantas domesticadas.La existencia de un telos o intencionalidad subyacente configuran rasgos distintivos de la construcción de nicho humano (Zeder 2009) y centralmente de la selección artificial. La reproducción de una segunda naturaleza se orienta por un telos que no tiene que ver solamente con la magnitud escalar de los recursos apropiados por los seres humanos, sino con la generación de valores de uso adecuados a una cierta forma de vida social que es recreada y puesta en juego: una dimensión política.
Ética y ciencias de la vida: un análisis crítico de las concepciones acerca del valor de lo vivo presentes en la biología
Authors: Rendón Constanza Alexandra , Klier Gabriela
Published: July 2021

En el presente artículo analizamos las concepciones acerca del valor de lo vivo actualmente presentes en diferentes áreas de la biología (biología molecular, genética, fisiología y biología de la conservación). La hipótesis que guió este trabajo es que existen distintos supuestos acerca del valor de lo vivo en diferentes subdisciplinas biológicas, lo cual podría implicar conflictos valorativos al seno de la biología. A partir del análisis realizado hallamos una amplia valoración productiva de los organismos en todas las áreas (además de su valoración como herramientas para obtener conocimiento), mientras que sólo en el caso de la biología de la conservación encontramos el reconocimiento del valor intrínseco de lo vivo. Hallamos también que esta última subdisciplina asigna valor intrínseco a especies y ecosistemas, negando tal valor a los organismos individuales. Esta atribución de valor intrínseco a entidades biológicas diferentes a los organismos contribuiría a evitar conflictos valorativos con otros campos de estudio en los cuales prima la valoración utilitaria de los organismos. Poner en cuestión los valores y supuestos que subyacen a las prácticas científicas resulta central en el contexto actual en el que las ciencias de la vida participan de diversas controversias éticas.
El tema de la evolución biológica en los libros de texto de la escuela socialista en México (1930-1940)
Authors: Villela Alicia , Torrens Erica , Barahona Ana
Published: July 2021

El tema de la evolución de los seres vivos resulta fundamental tanto para la biología como para la educación científica. En este trabajo se presenta una parte de un proyecto de investigación mayor que busca analizar tanto la presencia, como el estado de la teoría de la evolución biológica en los libros de texto de educación básica mexicanos, desde que se creó la Secretaría de Educación Pública en 1921.El análisis histórico y de los contenidos del tema de la evolución biológica en los libros de texto mexicanos ha sido poco tratado. El presente texto se enfoca en un periodo interesante y de particular importancia en la historia educativa de México: el proyecto de la educación socialista, que fue propuesto e implementado brevemente durante la década de 1930. Las autoras ponen particular énfasis en la ideología socialista detrás de la enseñanza de la evolución, puesto que es lo distintivo del periodo y del proyecto.
Escenarios de la patologización racial: la anomalía amerindia en una nación enferma
Authors: López Beltrán Carlos
Published: July 2021

Como ha ocurrido en otros escenarios históricos, en esta época post-genómica se vive en México un nuevo episodio de patologización racializada de la población nacional. La idea tradicional de que los grupos mestizos de estas regiones heredaron fragilidades corporales y mentales de sus ancestros amerindios, que ha tenido versiones previas en escenarios teóricos cambiantes, se ha vuelto a articular, se ha vuelto a articular, esta vez afincada en “variantes genéticas amerindias” que supuestamente predisponen a enfermedades metabólicas a sus portadores, y que de ese modo explican las epidemias en curso. Este artículo recorre la historia de esos escenarios de patologización racial, e intenta mostrar la lógica distorsionada (ideologizada) en la que se mueve este nuevo y pernicioso ciclo de patologización racializada de la población mexicana.
Distinguiendo diagramas infinitos
Authors: Seoane José
Published: July 2021

La literatura filosófica ha distinguido excepcionalmente entre la demostración matemática y su expresión. La importancia de vindicar tal distinción reside en que las propiedades de la expresión no necesariamente lo son de la demostración. Esta afirmación alcanza naturalmente a las demostraciones heterogéneas; en ellas, por definición, la expresión combina componentes visuales y componentes lingüísticos. La distinción apuntada resulta especialmente valiosa si se intenta elucidar ciertas propiedades de los diagramas o figuras que intervienen en tales contextos. El objetivo de estas notas es concentrar la atención sobre una propiedad particular (la infinitud) y esbozar una clasificación rudimentaria de diagramas infinitos.
Preface
Authors: Krause Décio , Holik Federico
Published: July 2021

Preface to the Special Issue: Foundations and Philosophy of Quantum Theories and Related Subjects.
A Defense of the Paraconsistent Approach to Quantum Superpositions (Reply to Arenhart and Krause)
Authors: De Ronde Christian
Published: July 2021

In da Costa and de Ronde (2013) we discussed the possibility of considering quantum superpositions in terms of a paraconsistent approach. We argued that, even though most interpretations of quantum mechanics attempt to escape contradictions, there are many reasons that indicate it could be worthwhile to engage in a research of this kind. Recently, Arenhart and Krause (2016) have raised several arguments against this Paraconsistent Approach to Quantum Superpositions (PAQS). In this paper I attempt to answer the main questions and obstacles presented by them. I will argue, firstly, that the obstacles addressed by Arenhart and Krause are based on a specific stance grounded on an actualist metaphysics—which implicitly presupposes classical logic. Secondly, that there are many interpretations that investigate the possibility of developing a different mode of existence to that of actuality for which the PAQS might be regarded as a valuable prospect. Finally, we provide a set of specific answers to the main problems raised by Arenhart and Krause in order to clarify the original perspective introduced by the PAQS.
Identidade e sistemas conceituais
Authors: Gracher Kherian
Published: July 2021

Será a identidade fundamental para todos os sistemas conceituais? Neste artigo pretendo apresentar razões contra a alegação que todo sistema conceitual pressuponha a noção de identidade. Para tratar deste debate analisarei as posições de Bueno (2014, 2017) e Krause e Arenhart (2015). Enquanto Bueno defende que a identidade é requerida para todos os sistemas conceituais, Krause e Arenhart apresentam uma série de objeções contra tal tese, defendendo assim que a identidade não é fundamental. Pretendo mostrar que as principais objeções apresentadas por Krause e Arenhart não afetam a teoria de Bueno por conta de uma má interpretação da tese deste. Por fim, apresentarei algumas objeções contra Bueno que, espero eu, não errem o alvo.
¿Es posible definir una flecha cuántica del tiempo mediante la hipótesis del colapso?
Authors: López Cristian , Fortin Sebastian
Published: July 2021

El problema de la flecha del tiempo, desde la perspectiva de la filosofía de la física, busca establecer si es posible fundamentar nuestras intuiciones de un tiempo asimétrico a partir del carácter asimétrico de las leyes físicas fundamentales, en particular, a partir de la propiedad de invariancia temporal. En mecánica cuántica se ha argumentado que es posible fundamentar una flecha del tiempo apelando a las nociones de ‘colapso’ o ‘reducción’ del estado o de la función de onda’ al llevar a cabo procesos de medición: la hipótesis del colapso constituiría una ley fundamental de la teoría que es no invariante ante inversión temporal, introduciendo una asimetría objetiva en el mundo físico: los sistemas colapsan, pero no “descolapsan”. En este trabajo argumentaremos contra una flecha del tiempo cuántica introducida mediante la noción de colapso.
On Explaining Everything
Authors: Taschetto Diana
Published: July 2021

This work explores foundational issues related to many-worlds theories in Cosmology. It is argued that the metaphysical picture drawn by these theories arise from metaphysical assumptions made during their formulation—most of which are problematic. I elucidate the nature of these assumptions and examine their legitimacy. I conclude the metaphysical presuppositions responsible for the apparent reliability of many-worlds theories in Cosmology are unmotivated and unwarranted by evidence. On this basis, the questions many-worlds models in Cosmology attempt to solve turn out to be a non-starter because their presupposed metaphysical grounding is ill-founded.
Sarcasm Detection Using Different Machine Learning Algorithms
Authors: Surve Harshal , Mestry Aditya
Published: July 2021

Sarcasm is the use of words usually used to indirectly either mock or annoy someone, or for humorous purposes. One of the difficult modes of communication for machines to identify is sarcasm. People often use sarcasm in their daily communication to indirectly annoy people which makes it very important to identify the sentence meaning. There are various machine learning algorithms for sarcasm detection such as Naïve Bayes (NB), Support Vector Machine (SVM), Logistics Regression (LR), Decision Trees (DT).All these algorithm can be used for Sarcasm Detection. The main goal of this paper is to provide various machine learning algorithms for sarcasm detection.
Solar Dryer with Inbuilt Thermal Energy Storage Device
Authors: Mohod Bhumika , Verma Devilal , Nimje Aditya , Mishra Aniket , Brahmne Anurudha , Harode Prof. Ritesh
Published: July 2021

In the solar dryer is a device in which drying the substance with the help of only solar energy. In this system we observe that the time take to perform the operation high and the effectiveness is very low, and availability also low. With the help of thermal energy storage device, we update the solar dryer. In solar dryer with thermal energy storage device. The energy used is solar as well as thermal energy, availability is increase and effectiveness is also increase. When the blower switch is on the atmospheric air is drawn in the copper tube, surrounding of the copper tube is hot water is available. Hence the hot water is available the atmospheric air is exchange the heat the air get hot this hot air is hot water is move to container (vessel). Then the temperature of the container (vessel) increase. Hence the time take for the perform operation is decrease.
An Autonomous Follow Me Platform for Carrying and Moving Objects
Authors: Amin Muhammad Saad , Hussain Rizvi Syed Tahir , Malik Sameer , Yousaf Muhammad Awais , Mehmood Sadaf
Published: July 2021

The technology of An Autonomous "follow me" platform for carrying and moving objects has gone through rapid technological advancements. Numerous follow me robots are accessible with various running advancements, yet the expense is high. These robots are not user-friendly and therefore not much successful. In this research, a fully automated, economical, fast, efficient and smart “Follow Me” robot is designed. This robot has the ability to carry luggage or move objects from one place to another place. It will help pregnant women and elder people to carry their things. An autonomous follow me robot has two working modes, the first one is the default mode and the second one is Bluetooth mode or remote mode. In default mode, the user will walk in the front of the ultrasonic sensor and it will follow the user until it goes beyond the range. In Bluetooth mode, the customer needs to interact with the robot with the help of a mobile application. The customer by then has the Graphical User Interface (GUI) to control the robot. This framework enables the client to vigorously communicate with the robot at various dimensions of the control (left, right, forward, backward, and stop). The application interface is built as simple as it can be used by a wide range of patients.
Karakter Visual Kawasan Lapangan Merdeka Kota Medan Ditinjau dari Elemen Fisik Peninggalan Pemerintahan Kolonial Belanda
Authors: Sinambela Yohannes Putra Perkasa , Nareswari Ardhya
Published: July 2021

Kawasan Lapangan Merdeka Kota Medan merupakan salah satu kawasan peninggalan Pemerintahan Kolonial Belanda di Provinsi Sumatera Utara. Kontinuitas dan eksistensi bangunan – bangunan lama masih terlihat sampai saat ini dan masuk ke dalam bangunan cagar budaya Kota Medan yang harus dilindungi sebagai saksi monumental dari sejarah kawasan bekas pusat Pemerintahan Kolonial Belanda. Seiring berjalannya waktu, kawasan yang awalnya merupakan pusat pemerintahan berkembang menjadi kawasan komersil. Perkembangan kawasan cenderung memperlemah karakter visual Kawasan Lapangan Merdeka, perkembangan tersebut meliputi bangunan – bangunan lama yang berubah secara fisik maupun fungsi dan adanya bangunan baru yang tidak mengikuti citra kolonial kawasan. Perkembangan dan proses modernisasi Kawasan Lapangan Merdeka menjadi dasar persoalan pelestarian dalam mempertahankan karakter visual Kawasan Lapangan Merdeka. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui elemen – elemen apa saja yang membentuk karakter visual Kawasan Lapangan Merdeka sebagai kawasan peninggalan Kolonial Belanda. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif – kualitatif dengan landasan teori dan permodelan elemen fisik untuk proses analisis. Berdasarkan hasil dan pembahasan, kesimpulan yang diperoleh adalah Berdasarkan analisis dari teori dan temuan di lapangan, dapat ditarik kesimpulan bahwa karakter visual Kawasan Lapangan Merdeka Kota Medan sangat kuat dipengaruhi oleh Elemen Fisik kawasan. Bangunan lama peninggalan Pemerintahan Kolonial Belanda yang cukup banyak secara visual sangat menonjol sehingga menjadi kesan utama yang ditangkap oleh pengamat. Faktor penentu karakter visual Kawasan Lapangan Merdeka yaitu pola karakter visual kawasan melalui prinsip ketinggian antar deret bangunan, alignment (kesegarisan) antar deret bangunan, shape (bentuk) fasad berupa pelubang bidang dinding, bentuk atap antar deret bangunan dan ruang antar bangunan (jarak) dari deret bangunan.
Strategi Pembelajaran dalam Kelas Pemrograman Arsitektur
Authors: Harsritanto Bangun Indrakusumo Radityo , Werdiningsih Hermin , Nugroho Satrio
Published: July 2021

Proses pembelajaran kelas dalam pendidikan arsitektur mengalami perubahan dan perkembangan pada tiap semesternya. Perkembangan tersebut dilakukan untuk menyesuaikan dengan perubahan yang sedang terjadi di dunia. Pendekatan afektif, kognitif, psikomotorik pada proses pembelajaran memerlukan pemrograman berupa rencana pembelajaran semester maupun rencana pengembangan kurikulum ke depannya. Tidak terkecuali mata kuliah yang mengajarkan tentang pemrograman dalam dunia arsitektur itu sendiri. Riset tentang proses pembelajaran kelas ini bertujuan untuk memaparkan tentang strategi pembelajaran kelas (berupa harapan kuliah, metode pembelajaran dan tindakan penilaian) yang dilakukan selama 2 (dua) tahun oleh penulis sehingga temuan dan hasil riset ini dapat digunakan untuk perbaikan dan model pembelajaran dalam kelas pendidikan arsitektur. Metode pembahasan deskriptif dari hasil kuesioner dan wawancara digunakan pada penelitian ini. Hasil riset ini menemukan bahwa adanya ketidaksiapan mahasiswa untuk menjalani pendidikan arsitektur dan rendahnya standar penulis dalam memprogram perkuliahan selama ini.
Implementasi Sejarah Perjuangan dalam Perencanaan Museum
Authors: Rizal Muhammad , Tisnawati Endah
Published: July 2021

Museum telah jamak diartikan sebagai suatu lembaga, atau juga bisa sebagai suatu tempat, yang menyajikan suatu informasi terbuka kepada publik, mudah diakses, bergerak dalam bidang konservasi, penelitian dan publikasi warisan bersejarah, serta berkotribusi untuk pendidikan, penelitian serta rekreasi (ICOM (2007) dalam Brown & Mairesse (2018)). Saat ini museum di beberapa negara digunakan sebagai etalase, yang menyajikan informasi tertentu yang diinginkan oleh rezim yang sedang berkuasa (Denton, 2014). Irian Barat atau saat ini lebih dikenal dengan nama Papua merupakan wilayah NKRI yang dulunya berada dalam kekuasaan Belanda. Irian Jaya Barat masuk bergabung menjadi bagian NKRI sejak tahun 1963. Perjuangan yang dilakukan pemerintah Indonesia demi membebaskan Irian Jaya Barat dilakukan dengan berbagai upaya, yakni dalam bentuk diplomasi, politik, ekonomi bahkan dengan menggunakan senjata. Naskah illmiah ini akan menguraikan bagaimana bahasan mengenai proses sejarah sebuah kawasan dapat menjadi dasar perencanaan museum yang berada di Kota Sorong, Papua.

Tahapan yang dilakukan dalam penulisan naskah ilmiah ini meliputi (1) studi pustaka mengenai museum dan memorabilia; (2) studi pustaka mengenai proses perjuangan pembebasan Irian Jaya Barat; (3) melakukan analisis mengenai elemen konsep dasar perancangan museum perjuangan pembebasan Irian Jaya Barat berdasar memorabilia dan visualisasi desain; (4) rumusan kesimpulan. Pembahasan penerapan konsep melalui pemaknaan lokasi sebagai lansekap sejarah, ruang museum sebagai media penceritaan sejarah dan gubahan massa bangunan museum sebagai media penceritaan sejarah.

 

Kata Kunci : museum, memorabilia, perjuangan pembebasan Irian Jaya Barat, dasar perancangan
Citra Arsitektur Regionalisme dalam Redesain Bandar Udara Frans Seda Kabupaten Sikka Nusa Tenggara Timur
Authors: Resy Salfatoris Milano Yuneks , Sastra Suparno
Published: July 2021

Penyebaran informasi secara umum seharusnya menjadi media untuk menginformasikan kekayaan budaya dari suatu daerah ke daerah lainnnya. Penerapan Arsitektur Regionalisme sebagai identitas lokal pada wajah Kota, khususnya Bandar Udara Frans Seda kabupaten Sikka sebagai salah satu gerbang pintu masuk di wilayah pulau Flores ditujukan menjadi penyambut dan memperkenalkan sebagian dari keseluruhan identitas daerah yang dimiliki dalam bentuk arsitektural. Kunjungan wisatawan mengalami peningkatan sekitar 6% pada tahun 2017. Jika diproyeksikan sampai dengan tahun 2030, jumlah kunjungan wisatawan akan terus mengalami peningkatan sampai dengan 10%. Dengan pelaksanaan otonomi khusus bagi Propinsi Nusa Tenggara Timur terutama rencana pengembangan Kabupaten Sikka menjadi kota madya, dan Bandar udara Frans Seda menjadi Bandar udara alternative bagi Bandar udara Internasional El-Tari Kupang, maka dapat dipastikan jumlah pesawat, jenis pesawat, penumpang dan barang dari tahun ke tahun semakin meningkat.

Tahapan yang dilakukan dalam penulisan naskah ilmiah ini meliputi (1) studi pustaka mengenai Transportasi Udara; (2) studi pustaka mengenai manajemen transportasi dan peningkatan fluktuasi lalu lintas udara; (3) melakukan analisis mengenai konsep dasar pengembangan Bandar Udara Frans Seda Kabupaten Sikka berdasarkan Regionalisme sebagai identitas lokal dan visualisasi desain; (4) rumusan dan kesimpulan.

Permasalahan yang di hadapi Bandar udara Frans Seda Kabupaten Sikka juga semakin kompleks. Total keseluruhan lalu lintas Bandar udara Frans Seda Kabupaten Sikka mengalami peningkatan 3% dari 5 tahun sebelumnya, dan proyeksi untuk jangka panjang sampai dengan tahun 2030, data di Bandar Udara Frans Seda secara keseluruhan mengalami peningkatan sekitar 9%. Terbatasnya sarana dan prasarana transportasi, baik secara fisik maupun manajemen transportasinya dan peningkatan fluktuasi lalu lintas udara, maka faktor yang paling mempengaruhi adalah pengembangan, peningkatan pelayanan, serta sarana dan prasarana yang harus disediakan. Pembahasan penerapan konsep melalui pemaknaan lokasi sebagai identitas lokal kedaerahan, ruang Bandar udara sebagai citra Tipologi-Morfologi dari identitas lokal kedaerahan, dan gubahan massa bangunan sebagai kosmologi hubungan ruang dari identitas lokal kedaerahan.

 

Kata Kunci : Arsitektur Regionalisme, Bandar Udara, Pengembangan
Hubungan Komunikasi Dan Kepemimpinan Terhadap Kinerja Pengawai Kantor Sistem Administrasi Manunggal Satu Atap Kabupaten Bireuen
Authors: Khairani Cut , Muttaqim Hakim
Published: July 2021

Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis pengaruh komunikasi dan kepemimpinan terhadap kinerja pengawai di SAMSAT Bireuen. Penelitian melibatkan seluruh karyawan kantor tersebut yaitu 40 orang. Penelitian menggunakan metode survai dan penggunaan quistioner sebagai teknik pengumpulan data untuk dianalitis dengan menggunakan prosedur regresi dan korelasi. Dari hasil penelitian didapatkan bahwa variabel komunikasi dan kepemimpinan berpengaruh posirif terhadap kinerja pegawai kantor  SAMSAT Bireuen.
Pengaruh Pengangguran Terbuka Terdidik Universitas Terhadap Garis Kemiskinan Di Provinsi Aceh
Authors: Sriwahyuni Cut
Published: July 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh pengangguran terbuka universitas wanita dan laki-laki terhadap garis kemiskinan di Provinsi Aceh dengan menggunakan data dari Badan Pusat Statistik Aceh periode 2012-2020. Selanjutnya, data dianalisis dengan menggunakan metode analisis regresi linear berganda dan diolah dengan menggunakan SPSS (Statistical Product and Service Solutions).  Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa pengangguran terbuka laki laki berpengaruh positif terhadap garis kemiskinan meskipun perkembangan pengangguran terdidik universitas laki laki lebih rendah dibandingkan pengangguran terdidik universitas wanita di Provinsi Aceh. Sedangkan pengangguran terbuka terdidik universitas wanita tidak berpengaruh terhadap garis kemiskinan yang terjadi di Provinsi Aceh. Kebijakan yang perlu diperhatikan oleh pemerintah daerah Aceh adalah menyediakan lapangan pekerjaan bagi terdidik universitas laki-laki dan Perguruan Tinggi khususnya di Provinsi Aceh dapat melahirkan lulusan yang siap pakai di dunia kerja
FACTORS CAUSING ANEMIA AMONG THE PATIENTS SUFFERING FROM EPILEPSY
Authors: Sultan Omer , Khalid Muhammad , Athar Muhammad Hammad
Published: July 2021

Objective: To assess the presence of anemia in epileptics presenting at neurology department of Pak Emirates Military Hospital Rawalpindi.

Study Design: Comparative cross sectional study.

Place and Duration of Study: Neurology department, Pak Emirates Military Hospital Rawalpindi, from Oct to Dec 2018.

Methodology: One hundred and eighteen patients were included in this study. Diagnosis of epilepsy was made by the routine international guidelines by the consultant neurologist. Iron deficiency anemia was diagnosed on the basis of hemoglobin and ferritin levels. Gender of the patient, age, duration of epilepsy, education and poly-pharmacy were correlated with of iron deficiency anemia among the epileptics included in our study during the period of study.

Results: A total of 118 patients were included in the study. Forty nine (41.5%) patients were male while 69 (58.5%) epileptics were females in this study. Most common type of seizures was generalized followed by the partial seizures. Out of 118 patients of epilepsy, 44.9% showed the presence of iron deficiency anemia while 55.1% had no anemia. Duration of illness and poly-pharmacy were correlated significantly (p-value <0.05) with the findings of iron deficiency anemia in the epileptic studied in the given time.

Conclusion: Epilepsy patients had high frequency of iron deficiency anemia. Special attention should be paid towards the patients with long duration of epilepsy or those with seizures controlled with more than one pharmacological agents.
EFFECTS OF IRON DEFICIENCY ANEMIA IN SURGICAL SITE INFECTION
Authors: Zulfiqar Muhammad Umair , Ghani Umer Fayyaz , Mallhi Ayub Ashraf , Mahmood Khalid , Iqbal Maria , Ans Muhammad
Published: July 2021

Objective: To determine effect of iron deficiency anemia on the patients developing surgical site infection at surgical department of a tertiary care setup in Pakistan.

Study Design: Comparative prospective study.

Place and Duration of Study: Department of Surgery, Pak Emirates Military Hospital Rawalpindi, from Nov 2018 to Mar 2019.

Methodology: A total of 152 indoor hospitalized patients were included in the study. Surgical site infection was assessed by a consultant surgeon according to definitions provided by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) National nosocomial infections surveillance system. Iron deficiency anemia was classed on the basis of hemoglobin and ferritin levels.

Results: Eighty six (56.6%) patients were male while 66 (43.4%) patients included in the study were female. Commonest surgical procedure was laparotomy 29 (19.1%) followed by the hernioplasty 27 (17.7%). Out of 152 patients undergoing surgery & admitted in ward, 35 (23.1%) showed the presence of surgical site infection while 117 (76.9%) had no infection. Seventy eight (51.3%) patients had iron deficiency anemia while 74 (48.7%) patients were not anemic. History of transfusion during the surgery and presence of iron deficiency anemia was significantly associated with surgical site infection in the target population.

Conclusion: Study exhibited high frequency of surgical site infection in the target population. Regular screening for anemia should be performed at surgery department and patients with history of transfusion during the surgery should be looked after especially. Iron deficiency anemia emerged as an independent factor associated with presence of surgical site infection among surgical patients.
The methodical hand-book by carrying out of winter field zoological practice: the first experience
Authors: Melnik Ksenia Sergeevna
Published: July 2021

The aim of the study is to develop and work out the methodical manual by carrying out of winter field zoological practice which will help teachers of other high schools and Moscow State University faculties to conduct similar studies, and to students to expand and add the knowledge received in the course of studying of theoretical courses of zoology and passage of summer field practice. The similar hand-book is developed for the first time, has no analogues.
Teaching theoretical basis in the higher school
Authors: Fokin Yuri Georgievich
Published: July 2021

In article features and substantive positions of theoretical teaching bases in the high school are considered. Those were developed within the bounds of androgogic paradigms of training without use of traditional principles, blurred definitions and classifications of training methods of training.
Pedagogical aspects of preventive maintenance of the use psychotropic substances in the teenage group
Authors: Shirvanian Tatiana Aramovna
Published: July 2021

The process of introduction of teenagers to psychotropic substances is studied. The purpose of research is to analyze the attitude of teenagers to the use of psychotropic substances and reveal the most essential risk factors. It is supposed that owing to the awkward age and physiological features, teenagers hardly adapt in social environment, and aspire to reconcile to an inadequate situation so they can resort to psychotropic and narcotic substances. The following risk factors are allocated: family, adapting in group of peers, norm of behaviour, a way of self-assertion. The significant percentage of teenagers with the lowered self-appraisal and the big predisposition to involving in asocial behaviour is revealed. Forms of preventive pedagogical work with teenagers in high school are offered.
Model of international educational space in context of Internet
Authors: Tagunova Irina Avgustovna
Published: July 2021

Education is an institute of society. While entering into new historic environment, education always revises its place and role in society. Development of new information technologies is regarded as a most pivotal characteristic of transitional period to the next social-economic formation. Today it is the Internet which is readily admitted to be specifically instrumental and vital in this environment. The principal aim of this research was to explore the role of the Internet in efforts to transform existing realities during transition to a new social development project - to postindustrialism, and the degree of its impact on education that existing realities are in need of today.
The Unforgiven
Authors: Rozov Nikolay Khristovich
Published: July 2021

Interview with Doctor of Philosophy, Professor, Dean of the Faculty of Philosophy, Lomonosov Moscow State University V.V. Mironov with the head of the culture department of the business weekly "Profile" N. Sokolova (№31/31 August 2009)
The place of interdisciplinary integration in development of teacher's metodology culture
Authors: Titovets Tatiana Evgenievna
Published: July 2021

The article reveals approaches to interpretation of the essence and structure of teachers' methodology culture and offers a generalized model of its basic components consistent with the definition of methodology. The potential of interdisciplinary integration in fostering teachers' methodology culture resulting from the analysis of didactical means of methodological development inherent in pedagogy is outlined and evaluated in terms of its realization in educational reality. The author defines functions of interdisciplinary integration in cultivating teachers' methodology culture within learning process.
The educational policy in Russiain the second half of XIX - the beginning of XX century
Authors: Allagulov Artur Minehatovich , Ryndak Valentina Grigorievna
Published: July 2021

The purpose of this article is allocation and structurization of the conceptual theoretical positions and the processing technological experience which are the matter of the educational policy of Russia from the second half of the 19th century to the beginning of the 20th century. The urgency of the formation of the educational policy in Russia in the pedagogical retrospection is discovered. The features of delimitation the competences between the supreme government bodies in the education sphere are studied.
Change the content of training to a foreign language
Authors: Rakhmanova Alla Trofimovna
Published: July 2021

We analyze the experience of RGSU (faculty of foreign languages) in the tendency of European influence and Russian educational traditions of developing personality. How can we keep the value of our native pedagogic, pointed on individuals? This is necessary for students' motivation. We have the experience to unite these tendencies. That's why we try to understand the category of the content of education in the new way.
The main problems of development of pupils logical thinking
Authors: Kuznetsova Elena Anatolievna
Published: July 2021

The complex of methods directs to forming and development of pupils logical thinking. This complex must be in line with pupils age abilities and peculiarities with their level of logical thinking. It must conform to studies material, maintain the existent system and principles of teaching and correspond to increasing level of complexity.
Problems of development purposes of specialist preparation
Authors: Gavrilenko Anna Alexandrovna
Published: July 2021

Considerable problems of purposes of diplomaed specialist preparation are discussed in the article. There is a great terminological problem in pedagogical literature. That complicates strongly specialist model development. To solve this problem the activity approach is recommended. Moreover, the discrepancy between classification of professions and diploma classification as well as the lack of fundamentality in education are serious obstacles in the way to constructive description of purposes of modern specialist preparation.
The results of the empirical and theoretical reasoning of the concept educational eventuality
Authors: Volkova Natalia Viktorovna
Published: July 2021

The article presents the results of the research on the problem of the educational eventuality influence on the students preparation to the innovative pedagogical activity. The results of the empirical and theoretical reasoning of the concept educational eventuality are discussed.
The specific subject content of multilingual principles
Authors: Evdokimova Nadezhda Veniaminovna
Published: July 2021

Multilingual receptive competence is a component of multilingual competence; it is a functional competence and it is aimed at fulfilling a special task of getting information from foreign texts in different languages. Multilingual competence acquisition sets the task of renovating the specific content of the subject to be taught. The article describes regularities common for different languages and essential features of the language which can serve as orientation base for multilingual competence acquisition. According to the authors point of view, the linguistic concept of profound and surface structures can become such a base.
The relationship of a representative system, the motives of educational activity and achievement of students
Authors: Lipatnikova Olga Aleksandrovna
Published: July 2021

The process of educational individualization is one of the basic psychological problems in High School. In this work propositions about influence of representative system and students motivation on training successfulness were outlined based on experimenatal investigation of students group (Lomonosov State University, Geological Faculty). Obtained results could be useful for more precise didactic diagnostics of educational process in High School.
Activity-related principles in pedagogy and teaching logic
Authors: Borovskikh Aleksei Viacheslavovich , Rozov Nikolai Khristovich
Published: July 2021

Article is devoted to research some of the problems of modern pedagogy, in particular: activity-related principles in pedagogy, teaching logic, interpretation of the evolution of goals, values and content of education. On the basis of psycho-pedagogical analysis of the topical practical issues of modern education are considered and provides specific recommendations for understanding, planning and organizing the learning process in middle and high school.
Goodbye Russia?
Authors: Nepomniashy Valentin Semenovich
Published: July 2021

The article is devoted to a famous Russian literary criticism of the "innovations" in the education system in Russia, in particular Unified State Examination, reducing hours to study the Russian language and literature, technologizing school education as a way to lack of spirituality. The author calls for return to education culture and human values.
USE as a catalyst for the crisis of russian education
Authors: Malinetsky Georgiy Gennadevich , Podlazov Andrei Viktorovich
Published: July 2021

In this paper discussed systemic defects of the unified state exam. Proved the impossibility of the simultaneous using for final certification of the graduates and the competitive selection applicants to universities. The analysis methods by which the processing is carried out of the unified state exam results. Convincingly shown that thesemethods are either not scientifically justified, or are used with serious errors. Proposed measures to modify the unified state exam so that it ceased to pose a risk for the development society and state.
Ratings of universities. pedagogical higher education universities in Russia
Authors: Popov Lev Vladimirovich , Chaplygin Aleksei Gavrilovich
Published: July 2021

Article reviews the causes of the recent years rapid development in the global higher education rating of the epidemic, as well as comparative analysis of the basic approaches and principles used in forming the rating of universities. The possibility of application existing methodologies and ranking systems, methods and technologies ratings to describe the multifaceted activities of pеdagogical institutions of Russia.
Technologies of teachers preparation for research activity on the basis of mathematics and informatics integration
Authors: Bystrenina Irina Evgenievna
Published: July 2021

The meaning of a process of forming the integrity of students knowledge and skills specifying the quality of professional and research activities of a teacher in the field of pedagogy is revealed in the article, the techniques of implementation of this process on the basis of Mathematics and Informatics integration are described.
On the general principles of national education reform
Authors: Suleimanyan Andranik Grantovich
Published: July 2021

What are We, what is our civilizational identity and what should be the foundation of national education reform. This polemical article deals briefly with these difficult and unsettled issues.
In pursuit of a ghost (about the search forms of learning activities that promote personal development of students)
Authors: Veselyaeva Tatiana Iurevna
Published: July 2021

The article raises the question of the need to promote personal development of students, changing the shape of the educational process. The mixed-age collaboration is suggested as such a form. It is proved that this form of training activities removes all the disadvantages of traditional teaching, preserving and enhancing its positive aspects, and corresponds to the modern paradigm of competence.
The methodology of training specialists: general education - professional training - work activity
Authors: Repida Vyacheslav Borisovich
Published: July 2021

Can you give a universal answer to the questions: what does a person want to get from education and why? Should we distinguish educational fields and reject the separation of subjects? Which educational technologies can be placed stake on and would not it become another one-sided approach? Is it possible to combine psychological and pedagogical approaches and industry-specific technologies (economic, legal, etc.)?
Study psychological aspects influencing the process of training spe-cialist in high school
Authors: Guseynov Elmar Afis-oglu
Published: July 2021

In article reveal question about motivations of the professional self-determination student by youth and girl, they have their particularities and differences, which for girl are a hinderance in their professional, career growing. Certainly, such situation requires the psychological accompaniment in shaping the motivations of the professional girl's self-determination. Exactly formed firm internal professional motives and motivation of the achievement will become spurring and defining in process of the education to professions, shaping the holistic structure of the professional self-determination to personalities of the student.
The psychology of teacher's professional activity: systemic approach of a personality's development (teacher's notes)
Authors: Mitina Larisa Maksimovna
Published: July 2021

The theorethical-experimentary investigations leading within the framework of the systemic personality-professional approach let to create a generalizing conception of professional development of a teacher's personality, to work out an innovational psychological technology of constructive changing of specialist's behavior and to distinguish a complex of psychological conditions of personality-professional development of a teacher stipulating efficiency of his professional activity and improvement of teacher professional training.
Education as instrument of formation of small nations' identity in China
Authors: Wang Yao
Published: July 2021

An article analyses Chinese government policy in the sphere of formation national identity in Xinjiang Autonomous Region that is representative example of common lifehood of Chines minority.
The variability psychological space of professional self-determination
Authors: Rubthova Nadezhda Evgenevna
Published: July 2021

Are represented by 4 heterogeneous metrics of the psychological self-determination. It is shown, that at psychological and pedagogical accompaniment of the professional self-determination of a truly individual approach possible only with the use individually-subjective metric of psychological space of professional self-determination. However, in practice it is advisable to use various metrics of this space, focusing in the implementation of vocational choice on the definition of long-term variations of the individual strategies of professional self-determination.
Peculiarities of the pedagogical thinking of doctors-teachers of clinic chairs of medical universities
Authors: Zinkevich Elena Romanovna
Published: July 2021

Doctors - teachers of medical universities occupy a special place in the system of higher education, because the specifics of their activity is made conditional on 2 professional determinants - medical and also pedagogical practice. More often it is they who feel need in realizing analysis, philosophical understanding, researching and specifying of approaches to forming their pedagogical practice in the condition of contemporary medical education. The required condition of the successful process of an analysis of their pedagogical activity is the presence of formed pedagogical thinking. In the article are given the results of the research of peculiarities of the pedagogical thinking of doctors - teachers of clinical medical universities. Derived results accompany with comments, which help understand reasons of difficulties which face doctors-teachers in the real pedagogical practice.
High-school teachers: training and professional development
Authors: Rozov Nikolai Khristovich
Published: July 2021

The topical problem of the training of qualified high-school teachers and the professional development for the teaching personnel is under discussion.
About efficiency of the different systems of entrants selection to the universities
Authors: Gordeeva Tamara Olegovna , Osin Evgenii Nikolaevich , Kuzmenko Nikolai Egorovich , Leontiev Dmitrii Alekseevich , Ryzhova Oksana Nikolaevna
Published: July 2021

The study looked into the association between academic competition results and subsequent academic performance during the first two and a half years at university. The data of three cohorts of Chemistry students (N = 738) were analyzed, including international and countrywide academic contest results in Chemistry, university grade point averages, and Unified State Exam (USE) scores. It was shown that students who are admitted on the basis of academic competition results (winning or prizes) perform significantly better during the first two years at university, compared to those admitted on the basis of USE scores. The results of academic competitions of different levels were shown not to be equal in predicting subsequent academic performance in students.
On the question of the higher education quality
Authors: Belskaya Elena Iurevna , Popov Lev Vladimirovich
Published: July 2021

The article is concerned with problems, related to the quality in higher education. Current approaches to the notion meaning of “education quality” in the world and Russian academias, issues of the education policy and efforts to monitoring and providing guarantees of education quality are being discussed.
The influence of the global information environment on the educational atmosphere and way of school
Authors: Vachkova Svetlana Nikolaevna
Published: July 2021

The active process of informatization in society has led to the problem of accounting the influence of the global information environment on the educational atmosphere and way of the modern school. The article presents the results of the study of the influence on the example of 19 schools from four regions of Russia. The research has shown that modern students of all ages are actively involved in communication through various forms of communication on the Internet. At the same time the informational and communicational environment of the educational institutions do not meet the requirements of a full reflection in the students’ eyes is not able to compete with other sources of information. The author has come to the conclusion about the necessity of successful achievement of educational goals purposeful management school way of formation with fundamental changes and the development of ICT in an educational institution in conditions of the growing influence of global information environment.
From training models to assimilation models
Authors: Kozhevnikov Dmitrii Nikolaevich
Published: July 2021

In article training process which has to lead the trainee to outlook formation through outlook is considered. On the example of archetype model of training process of learning, transfer of experience, check of its assimilation and formation of knowledge of the studied phenomenon is considered. It is offered to form an image model by means of the various model representations integrated into didactic complexes of tutorials. According to current trends the main demands made to system of means of model presentation are allocated.
Information processing strategies in the students of middle and high school and their relationship with the education success
Authors: Tsvetkova Liubov Semenovna , Tsvetkov Andrei Vladimirovich , Perekatnov Dmitrii Valentinovich
Published: July 2021

It is considered traditionally that the success of the school education is related with the verbal information processing firstly, and processing of the visual and tactile perception in children with varying educational success were paid relatively little attention in research. It is shown, that the development of visual perception is the antithesis with educational success, and the positive correlation observed in tactile perception and spatial thinking. The study was carried out with the participation of the students of 5—11 classes with the analysis of the comparative productivity of modal strategies of information processing through the analysis of memory productivity.