bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Fusion-Based Deep Approach for Enhanced Brain Tumor Classification
Authors:   Akre University for Applied Science, Salih Merdin Shamal , Abdulazeez Adnan Mohsin ,   Duhok Polytechnic University
Published: October 2024

A brain tumor is an aberrant proliferation of living cells in the brain that grows uncontrolled, posing a significant risk to the human body. Precise segmentation and classification of tumors are essential for future prognosis and therapy planning. Due to its susceptibility to errors and time-consuming nature, radiologists are required to use an automated approach for brain tumor identification.The aim of this study is to showcase an automatic approach for distinguishing brain cancers in MRI images. This system will use models based on deep learning to achieve high levels of accuracy. This study presents the development of an integrated and fully automated classification system for categorizing brain tumors in MRI images. The system combines the deep representations of features obtained from two distinct deep learning models, ResNet18 and ResNet50, in order to create feature vectors that are more effective in distinguishing between various classes. The vectors of features are then inputted into the machine learning layer to categorize them into four distinct classes. The model's performance was tested using a publicly available dataset from the internet. The testing findings showed that the fusion model suggested attained an accuracy rate for classification of 92.47%, recall of 94.44%, precision of 94.37%, and F1-score of 96.89%. Ultimately, the findings were compared to existing approaches, and the suggested model demonstrated superior performance considerably.
Crack Assessment on a Residential Building Due to Peat Soil Settlement at Ayer Hitam, Muar
Authors:   Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Tuan Chik Tuan Norhayati , Suhaimy Nursyahirah ,   Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Mat Jali Nor Athirah Farhah ,   Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Erme Mohamad Nor Aiza ,   Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia
Published: October 2024

Frequent problems in structure that build on the peat soil is cracking. This is due to the settlement that occurred by the peat soil as it has low in bearing capacity. The crack occurred on the residential building have become the main concern as crack happened on building showed the earliest sign of degradation. The increasing number of visible cracks at residential building with varies in length and width has a doubtful taught either the residential building is safe or not to be used. Apart from cracking, the concrete strength of the residential building is a concerned as the crack occurred may reduce the concrete strength. A single-storey residential building at Kompleks Penghulu Mukim Ayer Hitam, Muar is used to perform field measurement with respect to the cracking and concrete strength. 25 number of visible cracks with different length and width has been detected while monitoring the building. The crack length and size were measured using ruler and measuring tape. For measuring the concrete strength, a non-destructive testing (NDT) was used using Schmidt Rebound Hammer and Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity (UPV). The total 15 point was tested on column and wall inside the residential house by using two modes of transmission for UPV testing which was semi-direct and indirect transmission. The result of both rebound number and UPV has been analyze using statistical evaluation. The result is then being compared with the previous researcher that using the same regression mode of linear and non-linear mode when doing the analysis. From the result, it is found that the regression model for rebound hammer is more reliable to be used as the regression coefficient value got is nearly to one. For overall cracking and concrete strength quality, it is also found that the residential building needs proper maintenance as the settlement still happened and it is affected the residential building’s safety.
The Evaluation of Pulsed Eddy Current Technique for Detection and Characterization of Surface Defect in Carbon Steel Welded Sample: An Experimental Study
Authors:   Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Salleh Lizawati , M. Yusup Eliza ,   Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Ahmad Latif Nurul A’in ,   Malaysian Nuclear Agency, Zainal Abidin Ilham Mukriz ,   Malaysian Nuclear Agency
Published: October 2024

Pulsed Eddy Current (PEC) is an advanced Non-Destructive Testing (NDT) method based on the principles of electromagnetic induction which generate square wave form. This study was carried out to investigate the surface defect that occurs in carbon steel welded sample (ASTM A36) and to investigate the signal profile of a transverse crack orientation with different defect depths which are 1mm, 2m, 3mm, 4mm and 5mm. A total of five test samples have been used to execute this study with different defect depths. MATLAB is used to generate the result and from the result, it shows that transverse crack is inversely proportional where the deeper the crack, the lower the magnetic field where the magnetic field dropped by 3.54% from 1mm to 2mm of defect depths. However, 3mm of defect depth decreased by 5.55% when compared to 2mm. Meanwhile, with defect depths of 4mm and 5mm, each magnetic field reduced by 2.59% and 4.91%, respectively. This is due to the changes of relative permeability and electrical conductivity of the test sample after welding process been done and affected the magnetic field that acquired. Therefore, it shows that PEC is an effective method of NDT in order to detect the surface defect carbon steel.
Pandemia y vida cotidiana: las cargas de cuidado según las clases sociales y el género en Argentina
Authors: Boniolo Paula , Ojeda Bárbara
Published: October 2024

La bibliografía tanto nacional como internacional mostró que el impacto de la pandemia en las condiciones de trabajo y en las tareas de cuidado fue diferencial según las clases sociales y el género. En Argentina, con el cierre de instituciones educativas, espacios de socialización y medidas de restricción de movilidad, se produjeron cambios profundos en la vida cotidiana, lo que afectó diferencialmente a las personas según su clase social y género. La investigación parte de la idea de que las relaciones de género son fundamentales para comprender la división del trabajo sexual y el reparto de las tareas de cuidado. El artículo mide el impacto de la pandemia en las cargas de cuidado según las clases sociales y sexo en distintas regiones de Argentina. Asimismo, para complementar el análisis cuantitativo, se seleccionaron, a partir de una metodología cualitativa, personas de clase media y clase trabajadora para indagar en los cambios en las condiciones laborales y el desarrollo de las tareas de cuidado. La estrategia metodológica es de diseño mixto, combina el análisis estadístico de una encuesta probabilística a nivel nacional en Argentina (ESAyPP/Pisac-covid-19) y el análisis de 20 entrevistas en profundidad y dos grupos focales, uno de mujeres y otro de varones situados en el Área Metropolitana de Buenos Aires. Los principales resultados muestran que las desigualdades de género previas se reforzaron durante la pandemia, siendo las mujeres quienes asumieron las tareas de cuidado en los hogares. Sin embargo, las cargas de cuidado que tienen las mujeres son diferentes según la clase social de pertenencia, la modalidad de trabajo, la presencia de niñxs en edad escolar y la posibilidad de tercerizar las tareas de cuidado.
Pendampingan Siswa SMA Negeri 1 Matauli Pandan Terhadap Pemahaman Sejarah Masuknya Islam di Nusantara Melalui Rihlah Ilmiah di Barus
Authors: Pohan Muslim , Burhanuddin Muhamad , Husni Ikbal , Novita Sari Ira , Sekti Prayetno Nanda
Published: October 2024

Abstrak
Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan pemahaman siswa SMA Negeri 1 Matauli Pandan Tapanuli Tengah tentang sejarah masuknya Islam di Nusantara melalui metode rihlah ilmiah di Barus. Barus dikenal sebagai salah satu pintu masuk awal Islam ke Indonesia, yang memiliki sejarah panjang dan penting dalam penyebaran agama Islam. Metode kegiatan ini dilakukan dengan metode pendampingan yang digunakan yaitu dengan sosialisasi, ceramah, tanya jawab dan diskusi. Pada tahap sosialisasi dan ceramah, narasumber menjelaskan materi terkait sejarah masuknya Islam di Nusantara. Kegiatan rihlah ilmiah ini melibatkan langsung ke situs-situs bersejarah di Barus. Melalui kegiatan pendampingan ini menunjukkan bahwa Siswa SMA Negeri 1 Matauli masih awam mengenai sejarah masuknya Islam di Nusantara. Kemudian, metode rihlah ilmiah ini juga dapat meningkatkan minat dan motivasi belajar siswa, serta memperkuat nilai-nilai toleransi dan penghargaan terhadap keberagaman budaya dan agama.
Niveles de mortalidad y vulnerabilidad social en el Noroeste Argentino. 2001 - 2010
Authors: Andrada MJ.
Published: October 2024

Abstract In this article we analyze the characteristics of mortality in the provinces of the Northwest of Argentina between 2001- 2010. Besides, we examine the level of vulnerability of the population, and its relationship with mortality according to cause of death, specifically external causes. We will mainly focus on these external causes since they are avoidable and because of the age group they impact on. Reducing them woud mean an improvement in life expectancy. We estimate mortality rates and Lost Life Expectancy -developed by Arriaga (1996) to measure the level and change in mortality- using vital statistics provided by the Bureau of Health Information and Statistics of the Nation (DEIS) and our own estimates of population taken from the population Census 2001 and 2010.
Desarrollo, Medio Ambiente y Salud
Authors: Tafani R. , Chiesa G. , Caminati R. , Gaspio N.
Published: October 2024

Abstract: Productive forces and capitalist production relationships have expanded worldly. This is seen in the accumulation of capital and industrialization in Asia and Latin America, which involves a process of urbanization, a fall of rural population and proletarianization of the work force. This accumulation of capital has produced an accumulation of carbon dioxide exceeding the bearable minimum for life sustainability. It also has an influence on wealth distribution; inequality which has remained stable over the last decades. The effects of this environmental damage and inequality have an impact on the population´s health. This work investigates about the dichotomy wealth - development which reflects the degree of inequality in contemporary societies and, on the other side, analyzes the effects of air and water pollution on human health. Descriptive and correlational study with cross sectional retrospective design. Results obtained show there is a strong association between growth and development. As wealth increases, the association rate decreases. Human development indicators show that, in developing countries, the most negative component is the inequality in wealth distribution. Growth and pollution are strongly associated by the use of fossil energy. The rate of change towards sustainable production systems in developed countries is very slow, whereas developing countries have become strong issuers of contaminating emissions. The business ethics ruling the system is still based on a rational and selfish being, dissociated from social aspects and the environment. There are exports of dirty industries from developed countries to developing ones. The group of underdeveloped countries makes evident some “apparently sustainable” conducts, since it uses biomass depredated from forests, doing away with sources of energy based on firewood and coal. Water polluting agents and the lack of sewerages systems are accountable for children mortality associated with diarrhea, malaria and others. The consequences on health are suffered by underdeveloped countries due to the lack of economic resources. Then we find developing countries, and in the last place developed countries which seem to minimally suffer the consequences of mortality in their population due to polluting agents.
Una Mirada sobre la atención Psicomotríz en los servicios de Salud Pública
Authors: Chiodi Susana , Tobares Marcela A. , Harriague Cecilia
Published: October 2024

At public health institutions in the province of Cordoba, we can observe an asymmetric participation between medical professions and other professions such as psychomotricity. This reality is observed in public health care centers in the city of Rio Cuarto. We critically think about the definition of the health-illness processes, comparing the current paradigms and Psychmotricity theory and asking about the ways in which the inclusion of this discipline is understood in the provincial public policies and in the legislation in force. The research was carried out through field work to get to know the opinion and assessment regarding health care and psychomotricity care and its legal framework by means of surveys and interviews to health social actors: doctors and local civil servants, among others. It is observed that the constitution of the health teams is incomplete; there exists professional bias which is still priorly constituted by the medical sciences. The intention of our analysis is to contrast medical knowledge and psychomotricity knowledge to set up reflection spaces which will allow the necessary transformations to take care of health recovery, prevention and promotion.
Tendencias en la calidad de dieta de los hogares argentinos entre 1996-2018, diferencias según región, tipo de hogar y nivel de ingreso
Authors: Zapata María Elisa , Mendez Ignacio Agustín , Fassano María Victoria
Published: October 2024

Introduction: Food is a health determinant, bad quality diets represent one of the main risk factors of morbidity and mortality. 
Objective: The objective of this work was to evaluate the tendency in food quality in the last two decades and its relationship with sociodemographic characteristics in Argentinian homes in the last period.
Methods: Observational cross-sectional study; data collected for the National Survey of Home Expenditure in the periods 1996-97, 2004-05, 2012-13 and 2017-18 were analyzed.  The total score and the scores for each component of Argentinian Index of Diet Quality (ICDAr, according to Spanish acronym) were estimated and a bivariate analysis was done to evaluate differences according to region, home type and income level.
Results: A significant loss in food quality is observed in Argentinian homes throughout time, especially because of the greater participation of the optional consumption food group.  ICDAr went from 58.8±0.1 points in 1996-97 to 52.9±0.1 (p <0.001) in 2017-18, and only 1.7% and 0.8% of the homes reached a score higher than 80 points (p <0.001), respectively. In general, homes in Patagonia and the Metropolitan area, single-owner homes and homes with higher incomes showed worse results.
Conclusions: These findings show necessary aspects to be improved regarding eating habits in Argentinian population and contribute to the planning of policies and actions towards better food quality.
Caracterización de la población inscripta al examen único para residencias médicas 2020
Authors: Silberman Pedro , Silberman Martín , López Emiliano , Caruso María Paula , García Argibay Sofia , Lois Ianina Paula
Published: October 2024

Introduction:  The entrance Exam to Medical Residencies in Argentina offers paid in-service training opportunities.
Objective: To characterize the population of doctors who registered for the Unique Exam and the choice of different specialties.
Methods: Descriptive study on medicine professionals who registered for basic specialties.  Chosen variables were: age, sex, nationality, place of residency, training institution and most selected specialties. 
Results: A 74.6% come from Argentinian universities and 25.4% are graduates from foreign universities. From all applicants, 71.50% are Argentinian and 28.50% are foreigners.  The average age of applicants is 29.15. Out of 7480 candidates, 61.5% were women and 38.5% were men. The residencies of almost 77% of applicants are concentrated in 4 jurisdictions. The most chosen specialties are pediatrics, internal medicine, surgery, anesthesiology, and obstetrics and gynecology which concentrate 50% of applicants. 
Conclusions: Knowing the characteristics of the population who sits for the Unique Exam enables the generation of information which allows making health decisions.  Mainly, regarding territory distribution and gender which show the need for a specific work agenda.
Sistema de cuidado de personas adultas mayores argentinas, desde un enfoque sociodemográfico
Authors: Aparicio María Lourdes , Vaggione Gaetano , Abrate Luisina , Mozzoni Agustina , Vijarra Merlo Maga Ailen , Fons María Laura
Published: October 2024

The process of population aging taking place worldwide and specially in Latin America makes it essential to pay attention to the needs presented by the elderly at this stage of their lives. The general objective of this work is to characterize the existence of care places for the elderly in the country, based on data from the National Census of Homes 2010 and the Federal Map of Care. From all registered institutions, 13% are for elderly people and from those, 71.6% are private institutions. There is uneven distribution regarding socio-demographic characteristics at national level; this generates a situation that may increase vulnerability of elderly people and interferes with the possibility of having an adequate quality of life.
Validación de la escala Service Performance en un Centro Toxicológico de Chile
Authors: Gallardo-Ferrada Amanda , Reynaldos-Grandón Katiuska Lidice , Molina-Muñoz Yerko
Published: October 2024

Objective: To assess construct validity and SERVPERF scale reliability in users requiring information by phone at the Toxicology Information Center of the Pontifical Catholic University of Chile (CITUC, Spanish acronym).Methodology: Instrument validation study for telephone service. The sample was made up of 180 users who required telephone information in a three-month period. Internal consistency of the instrument was determined using Cronbach´s alpha (?). Construct validity was assessed by exploratory factor analysis. Results: Factor analysis yield a 6-factor structure and showed that some items tend to blend among dimensions. When determining reliability for the dimensions we obtained: reliability, ?= 0.678; responsibility, ?=0.852; assurance, ?=0.878 and empathy, ?=0.887. Service provided by CITUC professionals was given the maximum score when assessed by users. Conclusions: SERVPERF scale gets adequate reliability levels; thus, the instrument has consistency and stability. Further analysis of construct validity would be interesting since empirical evidence is not consistent with theoretical evidence.
Análise da função motora de uma criança com paralisia cerebral após 4 anos (11 módulos) de Terapia Neuromotora Intensiva associada ao PediaSuit®
Authors: Farias Reis Peres Possel Emanuella , Ribas Mélo Tainá , Martins Szczypior Costin Ana Claudia , Erthal Vanessa , Neves Eduardo Borba
Published: October 2024

Abstract: Cerebral palsy (CP) is characterized by postural and movement disorders, affecting the functional activities. Physiotherapy has a role in the rehabilitation process and Intensive Neuromotor Therapy (INMT) is a proposal for a modular intervention with high intensity. The present study aimed to analyze longitudinally the gross motor skills of a child with CP after 11 modules of INMT with PediaSuit™. The medical records of 1 child with bilateral, spastic CP, GMFCS V, from 3 to 6 years of age were analyzed, comparing the initial and final scores of GMFM-88 and GMFM-66. It was possible to observe that in most modules there were gains in motor function, evidenced by the scores of GMFM-66, as well as GMFM-88, especially in dimension A (lying and rolling).
La relación entre índices socioeconómicos y la salud oral
Authors: Orellana Centeno José Eduardo , Guerrero Sotelo Roxana Nayeli , Morales Castillo Verónica
Published: October 2024

Introduction: Dental caries, tooth loss caused by caries and periodontal disease are considered one of the greatest health problems worldwide. It is considered to affect about 4 billion people according to the Global Burden of Disease 2010 Study. Objective: Identify the relationship between socioeconomic indices and oral health. Materials and Methods: It is an observational, descriptive, cross-sectional study. The database of the National Epidemiological Surveillance System (SINAVE) was used to carry out this study, it handles health data and some socioeconomic variables that were used to carry out this work. Results: In the model we found two statistically significant variables, the CPO index (p = 0.008, 95% CI (0.197-1.135)) and prevalence of dental caries (p = 0.016, 95% CI (-0.086 - -0.010)) with respect to the Human Development Index. Conclusion: The strong influence of social factors in the health-disease process of the oral cavity requires promotion and prevention actions not only at the health level.
Distribución temporo-espacial de la mortalidad infantil, y su relación con determinantes sociales contextuales en la ciudad de Córdoba, Argentina
Authors: Tumas Natalia , Peisino María Eugenia , Díaz Alicia , Acevedo Gabriel Esteban
Published: October 2024

Aim: to characterize the temporal distribution of infant mortality rates (IMR) in the 2009-2018 decade, and to analyze the socio-spatial distribution of IMR and its relation with contextual social determinants in the triennium 2015-2017, in Cordoba city (Argentina).
Methods: a time trend (2009-2018) and a multiple groups ecological study (2015-2017) (n= 99 programmatic areas -PA-) was carried out. Data on IMR and social indicators were obtained from secondary data sources. The temporal evolution of IMRs, and the spatial distribution of IMRs and the proportion of households with unsatisfied basic needs (UBN) were described by means of descriptive measures and by maps. Spatial autocorrelation was assessed using the Moran index and relative inequality using the concentration index. Mixed Poisson regression models were fixed to estimate the association measures between the proportion of households with UBN and the IMR.
Results: there was a decreasing trend in IMRs in the period studied (11 ‰ in 2009 to 6.9 ‰ in 2018), although with a moderate increase in 2013. In the 2015-2017 triennium, the median IMR was of 9.35 ‰, with an interquartile range of 6.11 ‰. Spatial autocorrelation and relative inequality were identified in the indicators studied. The peripheries of the city presented higher IMR and proportions of households with UBN. The proportion of households with UBN level showed a direct association with IMRs (IRR = 1.05; 95% CI 1.025-1.075).
Conclusions: infant mortality in the city of Córdoba decreased in the 2009-2018 decade, and the socio-spatial distribution in the 2015-2017 triennium was heterogeneous. The IMR is conditioned by the degree of poverty of the PA. Measures to reduce IMRs must consider the contextual social determinants in Córdoba (Argentina).
Desplazamiento humano forzado y hábitos alimenticios. El caso de las personas desplazadas del sur de Sinaloa, 2018-2019
Authors: López López Roberto Carlos , Mendoza Guerrero Juan Manuel
Published: October 2024

This article focuses on the binomial forced human displacement and eating habits in a region of northwestern Mexico. The aim is to explain the changes and sociocultural meaning of these changes in foodways of this displaced people.For this, a bibliographic and hemerographic was carried out, as well as seven interviews with female heads of household living in a situation of forced displacement in Mazatlan, Mexico from July 2018 to May 2019. The finding shows how food is an of the great cultural and social losses of forced displacement. Unlike voluntary migration, forced displacement constructs a much more adverse and profound discourse against the food habits of the city. Also, for them, this dietary change means disorders in their relationship with their community, their territory, their customs, and their rights.
ROLES DE GÉNERO EN LA DISTRIBUCIÓN DE TAREAS DOMÉSTICAS VINCULADAS A LA ALIMENTACIÓN
Authors: Lopez Mato Malena , Acerbo Florencia Yasmin , Lema Rocio
Published: October 2024

Introduction: Thinking about food and its practices must be considered beyond their biological purpose and as territories for the production and reproduction of gender inequalities.
Objectives: Examine whether gender inequalities are present in relation to household tasks relating to food and their characteristics in the population that attends CeSAC No. 21 in Padre Mugica neighborhood, Retiro (City of Buenos Aires), in the first semester  of 2021.
Materials and methods: Data collection and analysis were conducted using semi-structured and anonymous surveys administered by the interviewer.
Results: The sample comprises 70 women over 18 years of age who live in family units where at least one adult male is present. Women are primarily responsible for household tasks related to food in family units, such as choosing family menus, buying, storing and preparing food and washing dishware.
Conclusions: Household tasks relating to food are unfairly distributed between family members, with the majority of task-takers being women, demonstrating the persistence of sociocultural models and gender stereotypes.
Entre la salud y el placer de comer en casa. Cambios y continuidades en las prácticas alimentarias de sectores medios del Área Metropolitana de Buenos Aires en contexto del confinamiento por COVID-19.
Authors: Demonte Flavia
Published: October 2024

Objectives: Eating practices of middle sectors from the Metropolitan Area of Buenos Aires during lockdown are described and analyzed, identifying changes, continuities and reasons regarding representations of healthy eating which have structured these practices before pandemic.
Methods: As regards methodology, qualitative and quantitative data from primary sources were used within exploratory/descriptive design frameworks.
Results and conclusions: Results show the central role acquired by everyday eating during lockdown; guided by a preexistent pattern of practices and representations associated to the tension between health and pleasure leading to body weight control.
PREVALENCE OF HIV-1/HTLV-1 CO-INFECTION AND BEHAVIORAL RISK AMONG PEOPLE LIVING WITH HIV IN BELO HORIZONTE, BRAZIL
Authors: Vertêlo Poliane Cristina , Braga Miranda Alexandre , Labanca Ludimila , Borges-Starling Ana Lúcia , Cerdeira Cláudio Daniel , Nogueira Carlos Felipe , Utsch Gonçalves Denise
Published: October 2024

Objective: To analyze the prevalence of HIV-1 and HTLV-1 co-infection and risk behavioral for sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and the quality of life among people living with HIV-1 (PL-HIV-1).
Methods: 985 PL-HIV-1 in Belo Horizonte (Brazil) underwent serologic immunoassay screening for HTLV-1. Fifteen people confirmed (Western blot) for HIV-1/HTLV-1 co-infection (HIV-1/HTLV-1 group) were then compared to 30 HIV-1 (HIV-1 group) and 30 HTLV-1 (HTLV-1 group) patients, matched groups for biological sex and age, and was analyzed the sociodemographic status/quality of life and risk/behavioral factors for STIs.
 
Results: The prevalence of HIV-1/HTLV-1 co-infection was 1.5%. The average age of the three groups was 57 (± 11) years old, with 9 and 18 (60%) women within the HIV-1/HTLV-1 and HIV-1 or HTLV-1 groups, respectively. Heterosexual orientation predominated within the three groups. The HIV-1/HTLV-1 and HIV-1 groups had most no fixed partner (p = 0.013), were single (p = 0.001) and referred condom use (p = 0.025). Most the HTLV-1 group had fixed partner, were married, and did not use condom (p = 0.025). Among other STIs, syphilis was common within the HIV-1/HTLV-1 (34%) and HIV-1 (17%) groups, and gonorrhea (13%) within the HTLV-1 group. Intravenous drug use (IDU) in the HIV-1 group was associated with co-infection (p = 0.038), and the quality of life differed among the groups.
 
Conclusions: HIV-1 and HIV-1/HTLV-1 groups had different risk behaviors than HTLV-1 group. The measures to prevent the spread of HIV-1 and HTLV-1 should also highlight IDU in PL-HIV-1 and condom use in people living with HTLV-1.
Calculation of fire risk and firefighting inside community pharmacies. Gustav Purt’s method
Authors: Prieto Muñoz Bernardo
Published: October 2024

Fire is a chemical combustion reaction based on strongly exothermic oxidation-reduction phenomena that result in the emission of a significant amount of light and heat. Its effects are generally detrimental, causing harm to individuals through smoke inhalation, exposure to toxic gases, and extreme temperatures. Fires also cause extensive damage to infrastructure and property. A fire occurs when three factors are present simultaneously in the same location and at the same time: fuel, an oxidizing agent (typically oxygen from the air), and heat, which supplies the necessary energy for the reaction to occur. Furthermore, the existence of chain reactions is essential to produce the flame. The objective of this work is to describe Gustav Purt’s method, estimate the potential fire risk in community pharmacies, and identify the firefighting measures that should be implemented. After calculating various factors, we reached the conclusion that fire risk in a pharmacy is high. Therefore, strict inspections by health authorities are necessary to prevent fire hazards.
 
Keywords: Fuel; Fire; Heat; Smoke; Pharmacy.
Influencia del grado de incomodidad durante lapolisomnografía en el resultado de la prueba
Authors: Guiotti Mazão Lima Mateus Henrique , Felipe Mendes Kevyn , Barbosa Roque Pesconi Rafael , Porto Nascimento Juliano , Malaquias Cabral Kamilla , Fouad Rabahi Marcelo
Published: October 2024

Objective: To relate the degree of discomfort caused by polysomnography (PSG) with the test result. Methods: Cross-sectional analytical observational study based on PSG performed in adult patients. After performing the PSG, patients completed a standardized form with questions about the degree of discomfort during the exam. This information was divided into two groups according to the presence or absence of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), evidenced according to the PSG result by measuring the Apnea and Hypopnea Index (AHI). The analysis was univariate, and the chi-square test was used as an association measure for qualitative variables and, for non-parametric variables, the Mann-Whitney test, with a 95% confidence interval (95%CI) and p-value significant less than 0.05. Results: We included 594 polysomnography patients, with 279 (46.97%) men and 315 (53.03%) women. The 30 to 44.9 years old group had the highest number of patients (43.43%) and the most with obesity (65.16%). The factor that most bothered patients was the presence of wires during the examination. The variables on sleep latency (p = 0.55*), number of awakenings (p = 0.46*), total hours slept (p = 0.98*), and sleep score (p = 0.36 *) showed no significant relationship with the diagnosis of OSA. The degree of discomfort did not present a significant relationship with the PSG result (p = 0.565**). Conclusion: Despite the discomfort during PSG, this factor does not interfere with the test result regarding the presence or absence of OSA.
Futuristic Urban Images in Dystopian Science Fiction Movies “Space Sweepers” And “Elysium”
Authors: Doğan Filiz
Published: October 2024

The cinematographic narrative method presents the changes and transformations in urban life with a critical approach, and solutions to the future urban problems are investigated in a different discipline. Thus, the present study aimed to compare and analyze Space Sweepers and Elysium based on urban and social elements included in these movies to reflect on futuristic urban representations in movies. The two films share a future where the consequences of the climate crisis is experienced in societies with a wide gap between the social classes. Based on the visual narrative employed in the movies, the concept of livable city was redefined, and future problems were investigated based on the relationship between the human and life. In the paper, futuristic urban representations were analyzed based on the transformations in the dystopian narrative. It was determined that while the transformation could lead to positive outcomes in human life, it could render the cities less livable, lead to social distances, isolate individuals, alter and transform the concept of urban spaces, which would be dominated by digital technologies.
Kentsel Ulaşım Planlamasında Arazi Kullanımı: Ankara İli Örneği
Authors: Aslan Düzgün Ülgen , Karataş Çifçi Gözde Buket
Published: October 2024

Kentsel Ulaşım Planlaması, arazi kullanımı ve ulaşım problemleri arasındaki etkileşim ile giderek daha çok üzerinde durulan bir konu olmaktadır. Kentsel ulaşım, yaya ve taşıt hareketlerinden, arazi kullanımına kadar her türlü bileşeni kapsamaktadır. Özellikle hızla gelişmekte olan kentsel alanlarda arazi kullanımı ile ulaşım planlaması arasındaki ilişkinin daha dikkatli ve planlı kurulması gerekmektedir. Kentleşmenin büyüdüğü, genişlediği bölgelerde ulaşım sorunları giderek artmaktadır ve bu sorunların çözümlenmesi gerekmektedir. Kentleşmenin genişlediği noktada ise erişilebilirlik kavramı ortaya çıkmaktadır. Erişilebilirlik bir yerin ulaşılabilir olmasıdır. Çalışmamızda Ankara ili kentsel ulaşım planlaması ve arazi kullanımı arasında ki etkileşim incelenmiştir. Ankara nüfus verilerinin ulaşım üzerindeki etkileri üzerinde araştırmalar yapılmıştır. Özellikle raylı sistemler ve EGO otobüslerinin kentsel gelişme üzerindeki etkisi tartışılmıştır. Bisiklet kullanımının artması ile birlikte arazi kullanımında bisiklet ulaşımına nasıl yer verilmiş, ne gibi uygulamalar yapılmış bunlara değinilerek, Ankara’da planlanan bisiklet yollarının incelenmesi sağlanmıştır. Alışveriş merkezlerinin ve sanayi bölgelerinin gelişimi ile birlikte artan nüfus ve ulaşımın nasıl etkilendiği üzerine incelemeler yapılarak, sanayi bölgelerinin ulaşım haritası hazırlanmıştır. Sonuç olarak, Ankara ili için geliştirilen planlama kararlarında süreklilik sağlanmalıdır. Sürekliliği olan Nazım İmar Planı hayata geçirilmeli ve uygulanmalıdır.
„To be where the frontier science happens” Raport z badania przeprowadzonego wśród polskich laureatów grantów ERC pracujących naukowo poza Polską
Authors: Letki Natalia , Nowotny Marcin , Sankowski Piotr
Published: October 2024

W 2024 roku dziesięcioro Polaków otrzymało Starting Grant Europejskiej Rady ds Badań (ERC), ale tylko dwoje z nich pracuje w Polsce i tu będzie realizowała swoje. Pozostali wybrali inne kraje europejskie. Troje polskich naukowców – Natalia Letki, Marcin Nowotny i Piotr Sankowski – przeprowadziło krótkie badanie opinii wśród Polaków realizujących granty ERC poza Polską. Ich celem było zrozumienie, w szerszym kontekście rozwoju polskiej nauki, jakie są główne wyzwania i pożądane kierunki zmian z perspektywy wybitnych naukowców pracujących poza Polską. Chcieli również zrozumieć, co mogłoby skłonić laureatów ERC – i innych międzynarodowych naukowców – do przeniesienia swojej działalności badawczej do Polski. W badaniu wzięło udział 55 laureatów grantów ERC.Badani nisko ocenili poziom nauki uprawianej w Polsce; podkreślali jej słabe umiędzynarodowienie i zamknięcie na badaczy z zagranicy. Jednocześnie podkreślali bardzo zły dostęp do finansowania badań naukowych, który idzie w parze ze słabym zarządzaniem dostępnymi zasobami. Wskazywali, że organizacja nauki jest hierarchiczna, co ogranicza rozwój młodych badaczy i nie pozwala im się uniezależnić. Zarobki określano jako zbyt niskie, nieodpowiadające kompetencjom i obowiązkom naukowców, a jednocześnie zupełnie niekonkurencyjne międzynarodowo. Nieco bardziej pozytywnie oceniono poziom polskich studentów i doktorantów. Jeśli chodzi o czynniki, które mogłyby skłonić badanych do przyjazdu do Polski, to najważniejsze okazały się być te wymiary pracy naukowej w Polsce, które badani ocenili najsłabiej, czyli poziom prowadzonych badań, poziom wynagrodzeń, dostęp do finansowania badań i infrastruktury badawczej. Większość badanych podkreślała, że pracują w światowej klasy ośrodkach, które stwarzają im optymalne warunki rozwoju zapewniając stabilność i wsparcie administracyjne i finansowe. By przyciągnąć wybitnych badaczy Polska musiałaby odpowiedzieć na ich potrzeby w zakresie dostępności stabilnego finansowania, konkurencyjnych wynagrodzeń, niezależności naukowej, wsparcia administracyjnego i dostępu do infrastruktury.Mimo relatywnie negatywnej diagnozy stanu polskiej nauki i jej otoczenia, znaczna część badanych widzi w Polsce potencjał, a aż 22 osoby gotowe są rozważyć przeniesienie się do kraju. Ze względu na powiązania badanych z Polską i ich międzynarodową pozycję naukową, ich obserwacje i sugestie są ważnym wyznacznikiem pożądanego kierunku zmian w polskiej nauce. Najważniejsze z nich to znaczące zwiększenie istniejących, opartych na konkurencji strumieni finansowania oraz tworzenie nowych projakościowych programów skierowanych zarówno do instytucji, jak i indywidualnych badaczy z Polski i zagranicy. Powinny one zaowocować stworzeniem warunków, w których może powstawać nauka na najwyższym światowym poziomie – „where frontier science happens”.
PYTHON FOR ALL: A Library Workshop for Bridging AI Literacy and Coding Skills
Authors: Scotti Kristen L , Beltran Lencia
Published: October 2024

In response to a growing, cross-disciplinary demand for individuals to develop programming skills, libraries are expanding their educational offerings to provide coding support for learners from diverse backgrounds. Teaching learners how to use generative AI chatbots to code can enhance independent learning via real-time assistance and debugging support provided by the chatbot. Here, we describe the design, delivery, and assessment of a library workshop that teaches participants to leverage AI chatbots for learning Python. PYTHON FOR ALL: Democratizing Coding Mastery with AI Chatbot Support combines AI literacy with practical coding skills to empower participants to use AI tools effectively and ethically. Workshop materials are available as Open Educational Resources to support the democratization of coding education.
Motor Impairments in Autism Spectrum Disorder: Implications for Intervention and Research
Authors: Catama Bryan V.
Published: October 2024

Motor impairments, such as unusual posture, are a critical aspect of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) that affects individuals of all ages and influences how the disorder manifests. This review examines the prevalence and consequences of motor impairments in ASD, exploring their relationship with key characteristics, potential neurobiological factors, and implications for intervention and future research. By reviewing recent studies, literature reviews, and theoretical perspectives, this review reveals the complex interplay between motor abilities, sensory processing, social cognition, and overall development in individuals with ASD. The findings show that motor impairments are not just co-occurring features but are integral to the condition, affecting the severity of social communication difficulties, restricted and repetitive behaviors, and adaptive functioning. This review highlights the need for a shift in ASD research and intervention, moving away from isolated approaches and embracing a more comprehensive perspective that considers the significant impact of motor impairments on individuals with ASD.
Consciousness Mechanics: Generalized Mechanics
Authors: TIJANI M. A.
Published: October 2024

To Be Covered:•The Evolution of the Mathematical Universe: Generalized Solutions to the Millennium Prize Problems and Other Unsolved/Unsolvable Problems in Mathematics•The Evolution of the Physical Universe: Generalized Solutions to Open (Unsolved/Unsolvable) Problems in Physics•Timespace — the Pre-Geometry of Spacetime: Developing a holistic model of timespace, the pregeometry of spacetime — for time travel•TOE Algebra: New Division Algebra — Solution to the Division by Zero Problem and others•TOE Relativistic Mechanics: Generalized Relativitic Mechanics•New Laws of Nature•TOE Quantum Mechanics: Generalized Quantum Mechanics•Periodic Tables of Everything (PToE): Periodic Table of Life and its conjugate (non-life), the Universe of Problems (ProboE) and the Universe of Solutions (SolnoE) — These are Systems for Everything (SystoEs)
Unearthed from old soils: New records of Antarctic tardigrades, nematodes, and rotifers in the Prince Charles Mountains based on partial sequences of Cytochrome c oxidase subunit I
Authors: Czechowski Paul , Iakovenko Nataliia , Zawierucha Krzysztof , Stevens Mark
Published: October 2024

Despite only 0.3% of Antarctica being ice-free, those areas harbor diverse small organisms such as tardigrades, nematodes, and rotifers. The habitats of these cryptic organisms face threats from human activity, climate change, and pollution. Biodiversity surveys are essential for managing their protection and such surveys have been proven well possible in Antarctica using environmental DNA (eDNA) analysis. Early eDNA research had greatly benefited from high-throughput sequencing using the now obsolete 454 pyrosequencing technique, which at the time offered superior read length to the Illumina platform. In a 2011-12 expedition to the remote Prince Charles Mountains we had collected soil samples, from which we amplified and described 18S Ribosomal 1 RNA gene sequences. Recently we reanalysed concomitantly generated 454-derived Cytochrome Oxidase Subunit 1 (“COI”) amplicons from those soils, making use of now updated reference data. From our “historic” 454 data we now can provide additional records for some Antarctic taxa, including tardigrades Acutuncus antarcticus and Macrobiotus hufelandi, the nematodes Plectus frigophilus and Plectus murrayi, and rotifers such as Habrotrocha angularis. We show that reanalysing past eDNA projects can yield novel information as reference data collections grows, at the same highlighting the need to curate and further expand those data collections using voucher specimen.
The influence of exposure to early-life adversity on agency-modulated reinforcement learning
Authors: Dorfman Hayley , Dong Bryan , McLaughlin Katie , Phelps Elizabeth A.
Published: October 2024

Agency beliefs influence how humans learn from different contexts and outcomes. Research demonstrates that stressors, such as exposure to early-life adversity (ELA), is associated with both agency beliefs and learning, but how these processes interact remains unclear. The current study investigated whether exposure to ELA influences agency and interacts with reinforcement learning in adults. Replicating prior behavioral and computational work, ELA resulted in decreased learning, while increased adversity severity was associated with decreased latent agency beliefs. These findings suggest that exposure to adversity in childhood has a nuanced impact on reinforcement learning and agency beliefs in adulthood.
Measuring associations among social identification, group norms, and alcohol consumption: Testing a Social Identity Model of Behavioural Associations (SIMBA)
Authors: Hughes Emily Ann , Smith Joanne
Published: October 2024

Drawing upon both social identity and balanced identity theories, the Social Identity Model of Behavioural Associations (SIMBA) presents a novel way of conceptualising and measuring the relationships among the constructs of social identity, group norms, and individual-level behaviour—that is, as cognitive-behavioural associations that mutually interact in a triadic constellation and can be measured both implicitly and explicitly. While the social identity approach suggests that the interaction between social identification and group norms shapes our individual behaviour, the SIMBA—through adopting the methodological underpinnings of balanced identity theory—advances upon this theorising to highlight that interactions among the three constructs are reciprocal and extend to the prediction of both social identification and group norms. Across four studies (total N=540), we tested the SIMBA in the context of drinking behaviour in relation to student (Studies 1, 2, and 3) and British national (Study 4) identities. On implicit measures, there was good support for the prediction that the strength of any one association in the SIMBA could be predicted by the interactive strength of the remaining two. Evidence for this prediction was largely absent on explicit Likert-type measures; we argue that this difference may be dependent on the explicit measures possessing theoretically meaningful zero-points.
The Intergenerational Benefits of Kin Education: New Findings from Kenya
Authors: Leonard Kenneth , Madhavan Sangeetha , Mberu Blessing , Kitsao-Wekulo Patricia , Sifuna Peter
Published: October 2024

We know that maternal education benefits child health and well-being. In contexts where extended kin are important sources of social support, there may be additional benefits for children from increased education of their kin. We test the hypothesis that children benefit from having more educated kin using data from an innovative longitudinal project in two low-income communities in Nairobi, Kenya. Leveraging variation in kin members’ exposure to a national policy to lower the cost of secondary school education to account for selection, we find not only an improvement in education levels of kin but also significant intergenerational benefits for children in their families through improved household food security and faster language acquisition. However, we find no evidence that exposure to educated kin improves the nutritional status of these children. The implications of our findings are profound, as they demonstrate the contemporaneous benefits of educational expansion as well as the longer-term effects on subsequent generations, prompting us to rethink the role of education in shaping the well-being of children in low-income communities.
Qualitative Methodenausbildung zusammen mit generativen Sprachmodellen. Zur Verteilten Interpretation in hybriden Forschungswerkstätten
Authors: Lieder Fabio Roman , Schäffer Burkhard
Published: October 2024

In diesem Beitrag geht es um die Frage, wie generative Sprachmodelle (bzw. Large Language Modells LLMs) wie z.B. ChatGPT in der universitären Ausbil-dung für qualitative Methoden empirischer Sozialforschung eingesetzt werden können. Um die Möglichkeiten und Grenzen eines solchen Vorhabens seriös ab-zuschätzen, geht es einerseits darum, die derzeitige Leistungsfähigkeit solcher Modelle auszuloten und andererseits das Ziel einer qualitativen Methodenausbil-dung zu bestimmen, denn nur dann lässt sich abschätzen, an welchen Stellen der Ausbildung der Einsatz generativer Sprachmodelle sinnvoll ist. Daher werden wir uns in diesem Beitrag auch mit den Voraussetzungen für die universitäre Lehre qualitativer Methoden der Sozialforschung auseinandersetzen. Wir beschreiben zunächst knapp die herkömmliche Methodenausbildung an-spruchsvoller qualitativer Methoden im Rahmen von Forschungswerkstätten (1). Anschließend stellen wir die neuen Möglichkeiten des Interpretierens zusammen mit generativen Sprachmodellen vor und legen hierbei einen Schwerpunkt auf unser Konzept des Reconstructive Social Research Promptings (RSRP) (Lieder & Schäffer, 2024) (2). Danach geben wir einen komprimierten Einblick in unser Konzept des Interpretierens zusammen mit generativen Sprachmodellen (Schäffer & Lieder, 2023), das mittlerweile auch einen Vorschlag für das konkrete Vorge-hen beinhaltet. Im dritten Kapitel beleuchten wir die KI-induzierten Herausforde-rungen für die qualitative Methodenausbildung im Kontext der Vermittlung von Methodenwissen und Methodenkönnen.