bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ANALISIS MINERAL TEMBIKAR DI GUA KUYA DESA PONDOA KABUPATEN KONAWE UTARA
Authors: Isra Isra , Ahmad La Ode
Published: June 2022

Dalam penelitan ini fokus pada analisis unsur mineral tembik di situs Gua Kuya Desa Pondoa, Kabupaten Konawe Utara. Dengan  tujuan menjawab permasalahan mineral apa sja yang terkandung, jumlah mineral dan kualitas kandungan unsur mineral tembikar dengan mengunakan metode analisis mineralogi. Jenis unsur-unsur yang terdeteksi oleh sinar X melalui analisis XRF dengan lima sampel dengan kriteria motif lingkaran, bulat ganda, garis, titik, menyerupai ujung mata panah, dan bentuk bela ketupat. menghasilkan 17 komposisi kandungan unsur mineral, yaitu Alumenium (A1), Silikon (Si*), Fasfor (P), Kalium (K), Kalsium (Ca*), Titanium (Ti*), Vanadium (V), Chromium (Cr), Mangan (Mn), Ferium/Besi (Fe), Nikel (Ni), Tembaga  (Cu), Seng (Zn), Rubidium (Rb), Europium (Eu), iterbium (Yb) dan Renium (Re). Unsur yang paling dominan adalah unsur Silikon (Si) yang rata-ratanya sacara berturut-turut 45,2%, 43,4%, 43,4%, 44,3%, 47,8% dan unsur besi (Fe) 30,0%, 32,2%, 31,6%, 28,5%, 29,6%. Memberikan gambaran bahwa tembikar tersebut dari analisis laboratorium, menujukan dari sampel berbagai motif, merupakan salah satu gambaran tembikar yang dibuat oleh para pengrajin pada masa lampau. Tembikar-tembikar tersebut dikategorikan sebagai perkakas rumah tangga berupa periuk dan mangkuk yang berfungsi untuk wadah mengolah kebutuhan hidup sehari-hari berkualitas sedang dengan presentasi porositas kandungan mineral 40% keatas.
Analysis Of Voice Quality on Aircraft Telephone Through Internet Telephony Gateway in Voice Over Internet Protocol
Authors: Muthoharo Muthoharo , Atmadja Martono Dwi , Rasyid Abdul
Published: June 2022

Along with the development of the era, analog telephones have been replaced by IP Phones whose communication range can be wider and more flexible. Therefore, analog telephones are almost forgotten because of the limited communication range. With the addition of ITG (Internet Telephony Gateway) then analog telephones can communicate in VoIP networks. This research will discuss the analysis of voice quality in the communication process between telephone sets via ITG in a VoIP network based on the shape of the input and output, the amplitude response to frequency changes and the delay. Data retrieval is done by using a transmission test set as a substitute for human voice and knowing the amplitude value generated every time there is a change in frequency and an oscilloscope as a tool to determine the shape of the input and output waves as well as the delay. The results of this study indicate that delay generated by communication between analog telephones is <1 ms. When viewed from the form of the information signal generated from communication between telephone sets, that is, the shape of the input and output information signals are both sines, so it can be said that the information signal has not decreased in quality. The amplitude response resulting from frequency changes in communication between analog telephones is, the greater the value of the communication frequency.
Design and Build a Coconut Ripeness Classifier Using Sound Sensor
Authors: Syahansyah Agin , Heru Yoyok , Saptono Rachmad
Published: June 2022

The difference in the texture of coconut flesh is an obstacle for sellers of coconut drinks who use young coconut meat with a soft texture, and an obstacle for industries that use old coconut meat with a hard texture, such as the production of coconut milk, coconut oil and coconut flour. Therefore, consistency in determining the thickness of the coconut flesh is very much needed.This research will design a tool to classification and classify the maturity of sound sensor coconut fruit. In determining young or old coconuts based on sound,a servo motor as a driving force to use the outside of the coconut to make sound.This test is done by testing the original type of green coconut. Based on the results of testing the coconut fruit maturity classification tool using a sound sensor, it can be done and the sound sensor successfully captures sound. Coconut fruit can be classified as young if it has a sound intensity of less than 56 dB, because the coconut fruit has the characteristics of a young coconut, which is small in size, bright green in color and has pink fibers. Meanwhile, if the resulting sound intensity is more than 56 dB, the coconut is classified as an old coconut because the coconut has the characteristics of an old coconut, which is brown or dark green in color, large in size and has white fibers. Speed and power Servo Motor has to be the same input voltage of 5Volt.
Budidaya Lele Sistem Bioflok Untuk Peningkatan Ketahanan Ekonomi Dimasa Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Dewatama Denda , Subali Patma Tundung , Nurcahyo Sidik , Adhisuwignjo Supriatna , Sirajuddin Indrazno
Published: June 2022

Ketahanan ekonomi merupakan salah satu program yang gencar digaungkan pemerintah saat ini, terutama di masa pandemi Covid-19. Salah satu cara untuk meningkatkan ketahanan ekonomi masyarakat adalah melalui budidaya lele. Beberapa faktor pertimbangan dan pemilihan budidaya lele adalah lele merupakan salah satu jenis ikan yang banyak dikonsumsi masyarakat, mudah pemeliharaannya dan mempunyai daya tahan yang baik. Banyak cara budidaya lele salah satunya adalah dengan teknik bioflok. Teknik ini dapat meningkatkan keuntungan karena kebutuhan pakan lebih sedikit dan dapat dipelihara secara padat tebar. Kegiatan ini mencakup pembuatan kolam terpal dengan dimensi 1,5m x 2m x 0,6m sebanyak dua buah dan pelatihan budidaya lele. Hasil yang diperoleh dari kegiatan ini adalah 1) meningkatnya keterampilan mitra dalam budidaya lele; 2) hasil produksi yang baik, ditandai efisiensi pakan dengan Food Convertion Ratio (FCR) = 0,73; 3), estimasi pendapatan Rp. 333.571 dengan jumlah lele yang dipelihara sebanyak 3.000 ekor.
Revitalisasi Sistem Informasi Akademik Berbasis Spreadsheet Bagi Guru MI Darussalam Jatiguwi
Authors: Sigit Hadiantoro  , Arif Rahman Hakim  , Achmad Sjaifullah  , Ade Sonya Suryandari
Published: June 2022

Madrasah Ibtidaiyah (MI) Darussalam Jatiguwi merupakan salah satu lembaga penyelenggara pendidikan dasar berbasis Islam di Kabupaten Malang yang sederajat dengan sekolah dasar. MI Darussalam berada di bawah naungan Yayasan Darussalam Jatiguwi yang didalamnya juga mencakup Raudhotul Athfal (RA), Madrasah Tsanawiyah (MTs) dan pondok pesantren. Dalam perkembangannya saat ini, banyak permasalahan yang dihadapi oleh lembaga, salah satunya adalah jumlah dan kompetensi guru atau tenaga pengajar yang terbatas serta minat dari siswa-siswi baru yang kurang. Sehingga dalam pelaksanaan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini, dilaksansakan bimbingan teknis untuk revitalisasi dan pembinaan terhadap guru MI Darussalam terkait dengan pengembangan kompetensi dalam hal pemanfaatan spreadsheet sebagai media penyajian sistem akademik. Dengan adanya program ini diharapkan guru MI Darussalam mampu memperbaiki sistem akademik pada institusi tersebut. Program ini awalnya dilaksanakan secara tatap muka langsung, namun karena saat ini masih berada pada situasi pandemi Covid-19 maka kegiatan ini dilaksanakan secara semi daring.
Workshop Pendampingan Pemanfaatan Media Sosial sebagai Sarana Promosi bagi Guru MI Darussalam Jatiguwi
Authors: Mustain Asalil , Hadiantoro Sigit , Suryandari Ade Sonya , Wibowo Agung Ari
Published: June 2022

Madrasah Ibtidaiyah (MI) Darussalam Jatiguwi merupakan salah satu lembaga penyelenggara pendidikan dasar berbasis Islam dibawah naungan Kementerian Agama yang berada di Kabupaten Malang. MI Darussalam berada di bawah naungan Yayasan Darussalam Jatiguwi yang didalamnya juga mencakup Raudhotul Athfal (RA), Madrasah Tsanawiyah (MTs) dan pondok pesantren. Dalam perkembangannya saat ini, banyak permasalahan yang dihadapi oleh lembaga, salah satunya adalah jumlah dan kompetensi guru atau tenaga pengajar yang terbatas serta minat dari siswa-siswi baru yang kurang. Sehingga dalam pelaksanaan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini, direncanakan untuk workshop pendampingan pemanfaatan media sosial bagi Guru MI Darussalam Jatiguwi terkait dengan pengembangan kompetensi dalam hal pemanfaatan media sosial sebagai sarana promosi. Dengan adanya program ini diharapkan guru MI Darussalam mampu memperbaiki media promosi pada instansi tersebut.
Perbaikan Oven Kelompen Bina Usaha Sukses Desa Sumber Agung Gunung Sudo Sumbermanjing Wetan Kabupaten Malang
Authors: Irawan Bambang , Samsul Hadi  , Yuniarto Agus Winoko  , Kris Witono  , Subagiyo
Published: June 2022

PPM ini bertujuan untuk memecahkan masalah para petani yang sebagian besar petani cengkeh dan hasil perkebunan. Perkumpulannya bernama Bina Usaha Sukses domisili di Desa Sumber Agung Gunung Sudo RT 37 RW 04 Kecamatan Sumbermanjing Wetan Kabupaten Malang. Mitra mempunyai masalah serius pada oven pengeringnya yang boros energi, mutu pengeringan kurang baik karena tidak rata dan ada keluhan kalau menutup pintu harus dua orang. Dengan adanya masalah itu maka pendapatan petani turun karena beli gas LPG lebih banyak, harga jual produk turun karena mutu pengeringan kurang rata/baik dan butuh dua orang untuk menutup pintu serta waktu mengoven tidak bisa ditinggal karena nyala api tidak bisa diatur. Solusi untuk menyelesaikan masalah tersebut adalah dengan: Memperbaiki otomatis nyala api supaya suhu pemanasan konstan sehingga waktu mengoven tidak perlu ditunggu. Mengatur nyala api dengan mendistribusikan LPG ke kompor merata sehingga pemanasan oven bisa rata. Mengganti pintu yang lama system geser dengan buka dan nutup pintu system biasa. Telah berhasil dengan oven hemat energi, dioperasikan cukup satu orang, otomatis pemanasnya bekerja dengan baik dan sudah tidak ada kebocoran energi panas. Oven telah dicoba oleh kelompok tani dengan hasil sesuai yang diharapkan
Pengembangan SDM Santri Yayasan Al Husna dalam Menghadapi Rekruitmen Kerja
Authors: Widi Dwi Ernawati  , Dyah Metha Nur Fitriasih  , Rika Wijayanti  , Rosy Aprieza Puspita Zandra  , Fathimatus Zahro Fazda Oktavia
Published: June 2022

Yayasan Al Husna merupakan salah satu lembaga atau organisasi sosial dan keagamaan di Kota Malang yang mengayomi anak-anak yatim piatu dan anak-anak yang memiliki kesulitan ekonomi dari berbagai jenjang usia. Para anak asuh yang berada di jenjang Sekolah Menengah Atas (SMA) dituntut untuk dapat mandiri setelah lulus sekolah. Beberapa pendekatan telah dilakukan terhadap mereka, di antaranya adalah memberikan pelatihan tentang pencarian beasiswa bagi mereka yang hendak melanjutkan pendidikan ke perguruan tinggi dan pelatihan kewirausahaan untuk dapat meningkatkan keterampilan dan pengembangan ide dalam membangun usaha. Tim pelaksana PPM melihat bahwa masih ada satu pilihan yang dapat dilakukan oleh para anak asuh ini selepas lulus sekolah, yaitu mencari pekerjaan. Walaupun pilihan ini mungkin akan menjadi pilihan terakhir yang diambil oleh mereka, namun proses untuk mendapatkan pekerjaan pertama bukanlah hal yang mudah. Oleh sebab itu, tim pelaksana PPM memiliki tujuan untuk membantu para anak asuh ini mempersiapkan diri dalam memperoleh pekerjaan mereka. Tim pelaksana PPM berbagi segala informasi mengenai dunia kerja saat ini, menjelaskan bagaimana caranya mendapatkan informasi lowongan pekerjaan melalui website, dan melakukan simulasi wawancara kerja dengan peserta pelatihan. Hasil dari pelaksanaan PPM ini adalah para peserta pelatihan merasa puas dan mengaku bahwa pengetahuan mereka tentang dunia kerja menjadi bertambah.
Pemenuhan Kebutuhan Air Ternak Ayam Jawa di Desa Sumbersekar Dau Kabupaten Malang
Authors: Irawan Bambang , Kris Witono  , Yuniarto Agus Winoko  , Subagiyo
Published: June 2022

Mitra kami adalah peternak ayam jawa atau biasa disebut masyarakat ayam pejantan atau ayam jawa. Jumlah ayam yang diternak sekitar 3000 sd 4000 ekor. Mitra mempunyai masalah serius tentang air untuk kebutuhan ayam, terutama air untuk minum dan untuk mencuci wadah air minum dan wadah makanan. Kebutuhan air untuk ayam minimum sekitar 60 cc/hari. Air di ambil dari rumah dan dibawa dengan jerigen pakai gerobak sehingga kebutuhan air tidak terpenuhi. Solusi masalah kekurangan air dari peternak ayam ini adalah dengan memasang pipa untuk menyalurkan air dari rumah terdekat ke kandang. Jarak rumah terdekat dengan kandang sekitar 200 m. Penyelesaiannya adalah menyiapkan air sesuai kebutuhan dengan cara memasang pipa air dari rumah ke kendang. Pertama menghitung kebutuhan air yang sebenarnya untuk ayam, kemudian membuat denah saluran air, mengajukan ijin pemasangan pipa, memasang saluran air dan kelengkapannya. Dengan terpenuhi kebutuhan air untuk ayam maka jumlah ayam yang mati berkurang dan peternak ayam tidak mengalami kerugian yang banyak.
Pelatihan Pengemasan Produk Minuman di Desa Mitra Wringinsongo Kecamatan Tumpang
Authors: Hardjono Hardjono , Sjaifullah Achmad , Moentamaria Dwina , Ade Sonya Suryandari
Published: June 2022

Selaras dengan Program Desa Mitra Polinema 2020-2025 yang bekerjasama dengan Desa Wringinsongo, Kecamatan Tumpang, Kabupaten Malang, dengan salah satu misi yang diusung yaitu menumbuhkembangkan perkembangan ekonomi pedesaan/lokal, BUMDesa, teknologi tepat guna dan kemungkinan jejaring usaha antar desa, maka dibutuhkan peningkatan kompetensi masyarakat sekitar yang berkaitan dengan usaha skala rumah tangga dalam bidang makanan dan minuman. Selain itu, salah satu bidang program dan kegiatan yang menjadi unggulan adalah sektor pariwisata yang erat kaitannya dengan bidang kuliner. Pada rentang tahun 2024, direncanakan sektor wisata di Desa Wringinsongo mampu diwujudkan salah satunya menjadi pusat kuliner tradisional. Sebagai upaya dalam mewujudkan agenda tersebut maka masyarakat yang bergerak dalam bidang usaha skala rumah tangga khususnya minuman perlu mendapatkan pelatihan terkait dengan pengemasan produk minuman dengan metode hot filling sederhana agar produk yang dihasilkan dapat memiliki umur simpan yang memadai. Kegiatan ini diselenggarakan dalam bentuk pelatihan dan praktik tentang pengemasan produk minuman dengan teknologi sederhana sehingga tetap dapat dilaksanakan oleh pelaku usaha pada skala rumah tangga. Dengan program ini diharapkan mampu mendukung Program Desa Mitra Polinema dan juga meningkatkan kompetensi dan pengetahuan masyarakat sasaran dalam hal pengemasan produk minuman.
Mekanisasi Proses Pemotongan Daging di Pondok Pesantren At- Thohiriyah Terpatih Galak Slahung Ponorogo
Authors: Adiwidodo Satworo , Udianto Pondi , Amrullah Utsman Syah , Takwim R.N. Akhsanu , Wahyudi Bagus
Published: June 2022

Sebagai tempat pendidikan agama, pondok pesantren seringkali menjadi pusat kegiatan keagamaan, diantaranya kegiatan perayaan hari besar umat Islam yaitu Idhul Qurban. Hal yang sama dilakukan di Pondok Pesantren At Thohiriyah, sebuah pondok yang mengasuh kegiatan madrasah diniyah dan tahfidz Qur’an. Dalam kegiatan perayaan Idhul Qurban, salah satu kegiatan utama adalah pemotongan hewan qurban, berupa kambing, domba, ataupun sapi. Dalam kegiatan ini seringkali tenaga yang di butuhkan masih kurang, sehingga waktu pemotongan dan penimbangan daging menjadi lama. Belum lagi proses yang dibutuhkan untuk distribusi hewan Qurban. Kegiatan pemotongan daging hewan tidak hanya terjadi pada saat Idhul Qurban, sering juga masyarakat menitipkan kambing aqiqah untuk di sembelih dan dipotong di pondok pesantren. Maka untuk membantu pondok dalam hal pemotongan daging baik untuk acara Idhul Qurban maupun kegiatan aqiqah, maka dilakukan kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat berupa pemberian sebuah mesin potong daging berpenggerak motor listrik 500-watt dengan pisau pemotong gergaji pita (band saw) dengan spesifikasi tinggi pemotongan maksimum 240 mm, lebar pemotongan maksimum 250 mm yang dihibahkan kepada Pondok Pesantren At Thohiriyah Ponorogo.
Penambahan Sarana Cuci Tangan di RW VIII Kelurahan Kesatrian Kota Malang
Authors: Ruwah Joto  , Harrij Mukti  , Tresna Umar  , Wijaya Kusuma  , Rahma Nur Amalia
Published: June 2022

Kelurahan Kesatrian Kecamatan Blimbing Kota Malang berada di wilayah RW VIII (Asrama Skodam V/ Brawijaya) dengan jumlah sebanyak 7 RT. Sebagian besar penduduk adalah TNI AD aktif, pensiunan dan Pegawai Negeri Sipil. Dalam upaya memenuhi protokol kesehatan di masa pandemi, diperlukan penambahan sarana untuk cuci tangan yang rencana penempatannya terletak pada pintu masuk wilayah RT 01. Pembangunan saluran air memanfaatkan sarana yang sudah terpasang dari sumur yang dipompa dengan mesin pompa air. Kekurangan dari sistem ini yaitu belum adanya tandon air yang berfungsi sebagai tempat penampungan air (reservoir) sementara yang dapat berguna sebagai tempat cadangan ketika musim kemarau tiba. Tandon air juga dapat digunakan untuk tempat penampungan sementara dari saluran air dilengkapi instalasi sensor pelampung sebagai indikator penerapan sistem kontrol otomatis. Sensor yang digunakan dalam sistem ini yaitu sensor level, dimana jika level sudah mencapai set point level atas, maka selanjutnya akan mematikan pompa air sebagai komponen utama dalam memompa air sehingga dapat disalurkan sampai ke tempat dengan jarak yang cukup jauh, begitu pula sebaliknya ketika air di tandon mencapai level bawah, maka akan mengaktifkan pompa air. Untuk itu dalam pelaksanaan PPM ini akan dipasang instalasi tandon air dengan dilengkapi sakelar pelampung untuk menyalakan pompa air.
Offense and Defense in Granulomatous Inflammation Disease
Authors: Wang Xinwen , Liu Yuan
Published: June 2022

Granulomatous inflammation (GI) diseases are a group of chronic inflammation disorders characterized by focal collections of multinucleated giant cells, epithelioid cells and macrophages, with or without necrosis. GI diseases are closely related to microbes, especially virulent intracellular bacterial infections are important factors in the progression of these diseases. They employ a range of strategies to survive the stresses imposed upon them and persist in host cells, becoming the initiator of the fighting. Microbe-host communication is essential to maintain functions of a healthy host, so defense capacity of hosts is another influence factor, which is thought to combine to determine the result of the fighting. With the development of gene research technology, many human genetic loci were identified to be involved in GI diseases susceptibility, providing more insights into and knowledge about GI diseases. The current review aims to provide an update on the most recent progress in the identification and characterization of bacteria in GI diseases in a variety of organ systems and clinical conditions, and examine the invasion and escape mechanisms of pathogens that have been demonstrated in previous studies, we also review the existing data on the predictive factors of the host, mainly on genetic findings. These strategies may improve our understanding of the mechanisms underlying GI diseases, and open new avenues for the study of the associated conditions in the future.
Mycovirus Hunting Revealed the Presence of Diverse Viruses in a Single Isolate of the Phytopathogenic Fungus Diplodia seriata From Pakistan
Authors: Khan Haris Ahmed , Telengech Paul , Kondo Hideki , Bhatti Muhammad Faraz , Suzuki Nobuhiro
Published: June 2022

Diplodia seriata in the family Botryosphaeriaceae is a cosmopolitan phytopathogenic fungus and is responsible for causing cankers, fruit rot and leaf spots on economically important plants. In this study, we characterized the virome of a single Pakistani strain (L3) of D. seriata. Several viral-like contig sequences were obtained via a previously conducted next-generation sequencing analysis. Multiple infection of the L3 strain by eight RNA mycoviruses was confirmed through RT-PCR using total RNA samples extracted from this strain; the entire genomes were determined via Sanger sequencing of RT-PCR and RACE clones. A BLAST search and phylogenetic analyses indicated that these eight mycoviruses belong to seven different viral families. Four identified mycoviruses belong to double-stranded RNA viral families, including Polymycoviridae, Chrysoviridae, Totiviridae and Partitiviridae, and the remaining four identified mycoviruses belong to single-stranded RNA viral families, i.e., Botourmiaviridae, and two previously proposed families “Ambiguiviridae” and “Splipalmiviridae”. Of the eight, five mycoviruses appear to represent new virus species. A morphological comparison of L3 and partially cured strain L3ht1 suggested that one or more of the three viruses belonging to Polymycoviridae, “Splipalmiviridae” and “Ambiguiviridae” are involved in the irregular colony phenotype of L3. To our knowledge, this is the first report of diverse virome characterization from D. seriata.
PD-L1 Up-Regulation in Prostate Cancer Cells by Porphyromonas gingivalis
Authors: Groeger Sabine , Wu Fan , Wagenlehner Florian , Dansranjav Temuujin , Ruf Sabine , Denter Fabian , Meyle Joerg
Published: June 2022

Chronic inflammation is known to contribute to various human cancers. Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis), is a gram-negative oral keystone pathogen that may cause severe periodontitis and expresses several virulence factors to affect the host immune system. Periodontitis is a chronic infectious disease that while progression, may cause loss of attachment and destruction of the tooth supporting tissues. Prostate cancer is one of the most common malignancies in men. Increasing evidence links periodontitis with prostate cancer, however the mechanisms explaining this relationship remain unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the expression and signaling pathway of programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) in a prostate cancer cell line after infection with P. gingivalis and stimulation with P. gingivalis components to reveal the mechanism of tumor-induced immune evasion associated with bacterial infection in the tumor environment. Prostate cancer cells were infected with different concentrations of viable P. gingivalis and treated with different concentrations of heat-killed P. gingivalis and P. gingivalis cell components, including the total membrane fraction, inner membrane fraction, outer membrane fraction, cytosolic fraction and peptidoglycan (PGN). Chemical inhibitors were used to block different important molecules of signaling pathways to assess the participating signal transduction mechanisms. PD-L1 expression was detected by Western blot after 24 h of infection. PD-L1 was demonstrated to be upregulated in prostate cancer cells after infection with viable and with heat-killed P. gingivalis membrane fractions. Also isolated PGN induced PD-L1 up-regulation. The upregulation was mediated by the NOD1/NOD2 signaling pathway. No upregulation could be detected after treatment of the cells with P. gingivalis lipopolysaccharide (LPS). These results indicate, that chronic inflammatory disease can contribute to tumor immune evasion by modifying the tumor microenvironment. Thus, chronic infection possibly plays an essential role in the immune response and may promote the development and progression of prostate cancer.
Remote iVR for Nutrition Education: From Design to Evaluation
Authors: Sajjadi Pejman , Edwards Caitlyn G. , Zhao Jiayan , Fatemi Alex , Long John W. , Klippel Alexander , Masterson Travis D.
Published: June 2022

While different crowdsourcing platforms promote remote data collection, experiments in the immersive Virtual Reality (iVR) research community are predominantly performed in person. The COVID-19 pandemic, however, has forced researchers in different disciplines, including iVR, to seriously consider remote studies. In this paper, we present a remote study using the Immersive Virtual Alimentation and Nutrition (IVAN) application, designed to educate users about food-energy density and portion size control. We report on the results of a remote experiment with 45 users using the IVAN app. In IVAN, users actively construct knowledge about energy density by manipulating virtual food items, and explore the concept of portion size control through hypothesis testing and assembling virtual meals in iVR. To explore the feasibility of conducting remote iVR studies using an interactive health-related application for nutrition education, two conditions were devised (interactive vs. passive). The results demonstrate the feasibility of conducting remote iVR studies using health-related applications. Furthermore, the results also indicate that regardless of level of interactivity learners significantly improved their knowledge about portion size control after using the IVAN (p < 0.0001). Adding interactivity, however, suggests that the perceived learning experience of users could be partially affected. Learners reported significantly higher scores for immediacy of control in the interactive condition compared to those in the passive condition (p < 0.05). This study demonstrates the feasibility of conducting an unsupervised remote iVR experiment using a complex and interactive health-related iVR app.
Consensus on Recommended Functions of a Smart Home System to Improve Self-Management Behaviors in People With Heart Failure: A Modified Delphi Approach
Authors: Islam Sheikh Mohammed Shariful , Nourse Rebecca , Uddin Riaz , Rawstorn Jonathan C. , Maddison Ralph
Published: June 2022

Background

Smart home systems could enhance clinical and self-management of chronic heart failure by supporting health monitoring and remote support, but evidence to guide the design of smart home system functionalities is lacking.

Objective

To identify consensus-based recommendations for functions of a smart home system that could augment clinical and self-management for people living with chronic heart failure in the community.

Methods

Healthcare professionals caring for people living with chronic heart failure participated in a two-round modified Delphi survey and a consensus workshop. Thirty survey items spanning eight chronic health failure categories were derived from international guidelines for the management of heart failure. In survey Round 1, participants rated the importance of all items using a 9-point Liket scale and suggested new functions to support people with chronic heart failure in their homes using a smart home system. The Likert scale scores ranged from 0 (not important) to 9 (very important) and scores were categorized into three groups: 1–3 = not important, 4–6 = important, and 7–9 = very important. Consensus agreement was defined a priori as ≥70% of respondents rating a score of ≥7 and ≤ 15% rating a score ≤ 3. In survey Round 2, panel members re-rated items where consensus was not reached, and rated the new items proposed in earlier round. Panel members were invited to an online consensus workshop to discuss items that had not reached consensus after Round 2 and agree on a set of recommendations for a smart home system.

Results

In Round 1, 15 experts agreed 24/30 items were “very important”, and suggested six new items. In Round 2, experts agreed 2/6 original items and 6/6 new items were “very important”. During the consensus workshop, experts endorsed 2/4 remaining items. Finally, the expert panel recommended 34 items as “very important” for a smart home system including, healthy eating, body weight and fluid intake, physical activity and sedentary behavior, heart failure symptoms, tobacco cessation and alcohol reduction, medication adherence, physiological monitoring, interaction with healthcare professionals, and mental health among others.

Conclusion

A panel of healthcare professional experts recommended 34-item core functions in smart home systems designed to support people with chronic heart failure for self-management and clinical support. Results of this study will help researchers to co-design and protyping solutions with consumers and healthcare providers to achieve these core functions to improve self-management and clinical outcomes in people with chronic heart failure.
Efficacy and Safety of Antithrombotic Therapy With Oral Anticoagulants in Real-World Elderly Patients With Acute Coronary Syndrome and Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Wu Yangxun , Liu Haiping , Qin Liu'an , Wang Yuyan , Zhang Shizhao , Wang Ziqian , Zou Yuting , Yin Tong
Published: June 2022

Background

The efficacy and safety of antithrombotic treatment with oral anticoagulants (OACs) in elderly patients with comorbidities of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and atrial fibrillation (AF) are unclear.

Methods

A cohort of hospitalized elderly patients (≥65 years of age) diagnosed with ACS and AF and treated with oral antithrombotic agents were consecutively recruited. Follow-up was performed for at least 1 year. Major adverse cardiac events (MACEs) were defined as a composite of all-cause death, nonfatal myocardial infarction (MI), nonfatal stroke, and systemic embolism. The safety outcomes of bleeding were defined according to the Bleeding Academic Research Consortium (BARC) criteria.

Results

A cohort of 548 eligible patients (76 ± 6.6 years) was analyzed. Compared to the patients with OAC treatment (n = 184, 33.6%), patients treated without OAC (n = 364, 66.4%) were older, had a lower prevalence of persistent AF and unstable angina (UA), and more often presented with paroxysmal AF, acute myocardial infarction (AMI), stent implantation and dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT). Compared to the patients without OAC treatment (n = 364, 66.4%), patients treated with OAC (n = 184, 33.6%) had a lower risk of MACEs at both the 1-year (4.3 vs. 15.1%, adjusted HR: 0.34, 95% CI: 0.15–0.80, p = 0.014) and 5-year (17.5 vs. 48.4%, adjusted HR: 0.36, 95% CI: 0.19–0.67, p = 0.001) follow-up. No significant difference was observed for bleeding events of BARC ≥2 between the groups (8.0 vs. 9.0%, adjusted HR: 1.17, 95% CI: 0.58–2.34, p = 0.667). Compared with warfarin-treated patients, the non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulant-treated patients had lower risks of all-cause mortality (2.1 vs. 9.5%, HR: 0.18, 95% CI: 0.03–0.98, p = 0.047) and bleeding events of BARC ≥ 3 (2.1 vs. 4.8%, HR: 0.14, 95% CI: 0.02–1.10, p = 0.062).

Conclusions

Antithrombotic therapy with OACs in elderly patients with ACS and AF was associated with a lower risk of ischemic events without an increase in bleeding events. In real-world practice, the clinical awareness of anticoagulation treatments in elderly patients with ACS and AF needs to be strengthened.
High-Intensity Interval Training Improves Cardiac Function by miR-206 Dependent HSP60 Induction in Diabetic Rats
Authors: Delfan Maryam , Amadeh Juybari Raheleh , Gorgani-Firuzjaee Sattar , Høiriis Nielsen Jens , Delfan Neda , Laher Ismail , Saeidi Ayoub , Granacher Urs , Zouhal Hassane
Published: June 2022

Objective

A role for microRNAs is implicated in several biological and pathological processes. We investigated the effects of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) and moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) on molecular markers of diabetic cardiomyopathy in rats.

Methods

Eighteen male Wistar rats (260 ± 10 g; aged 8 weeks) with streptozotocin (STZ)-induced type 1 diabetes mellitus (55 mg/kg, IP) were randomly allocated to three groups: control, MICT, and HIIT. The two different training protocols were performed 5 days each week for 5 weeks. Cardiac performance (end-systolic and end-diastolic dimensions, ejection fraction), the expression of miR-206, HSP60, and markers of apoptosis (cleaved PARP and cytochrome C) were determined at the end of the exercise interventions.

Results

Both exercise interventions (HIIT and MICT) decreased blood glucose levels and improved cardiac performance, with greater changes in the HIIT group (p < 0.001, η2: 0.909). While the expressions of miR-206 and apoptotic markers decreased in both training protocols (p < 0.001, η2: 0.967), HIIT caused greater reductions in apoptotic markers and produced a 20% greater reduction in miR-206 compared with the MICT protocol (p < 0.001). Furthermore, both training protocols enhanced the expression of HSP60 (p < 0.001, η2: 0.976), with a nearly 50% greater increase in the HIIT group compared with MICT.

Conclusions

Our results indicate that both exercise protocols, HIIT and MICT, have the potential to reduce diabetic cardiomyopathy by modifying the expression of miR-206 and its downstream targets of apoptosis. It seems however that HIIT is even more effective than MICT to modulate these molecular markers.
Genetic Mechanism of Pyrite in the Shale of the Longmaxi Formation and Its Influence on the Pore Structure: A Case Study of the Changning Area, South Sichuan Basin of SW China
Authors: He Jiang , Yang Lan , Shi Xuewen , Zhao Shengxian , Cao Lieyan , Pan Shulin , Wu Feng , Wang Meng
Published: June 2022

Pyrite is a mineral that is commonly found in shale gas reservoirs. Its genetic mechanism and impact on pore and organic matter in shale gas reservoirs are critical for shale gas exploration. This study selects the Longmaxi shale (Lower Silurian) in the Changning area of the southern Sichuan Basin by comprehensively using a scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), total organic carbon (TOC), and image processing technology. The type and characteristics of pyrite in shale reservoirs are studied, the sedimentary environment and genetic mechanism of pyrite are analyzed, and the influence of pyrite formation on organic matter enrichment and reservoir formation is evaluated. The results showed that pyrite in shale primarily forms framboidal pyrite, euhedral pyrite, and subhedral pyrite, with particle sizes ranging from 1 to 15 μm. The maximum framboid diameter (MFD) is less than 20 μm, with the average particle size distribution of 3–5 μm. These parameters indicate the vulcanization and blocking environment. The reducing environment promotes organic matter enrichment and preservation. Framboidal pyrite has two genetic sequences: rich organic matter and poor organic matter. The development of organic matter will limit the continuous radial growth of pyrite and is conducive to the protection of pores, and the formation of pyrite can reduce the activation energy of kerogen reaction and catalyze the hydrocarbon generation of organic matter, resulting in higher gas content. The framboidal pyrite content can be used to predict high-quality shale gas reservoirs.
Role of NAFLD on the Health Related QoL Response to Lifestyle in Patients With Metabolic Syndrome: The PREDIMED Plus Cohort
Authors: Martínez-Urbistondo Diego , San-Cristóbal Rodrigo , Villares Paula , Martínez-González Miguel Ángel , Babio Nancy , Corella Dolores , del Val José Luis , Ordovás José Ma , Alonso-Gómez Ángel M. , Wärnberg Julia , Vioque Jesús , Romaguera Dora , López-Miranda José , Estruch Ramon , Tinahones Francisco J. , Lapetra José , Serra-Majem J. Luís , Bueno-Cavanillas Aurora , Tur Josep A. , Marcos Alba , Pintó Xavier , Delgado-Rodríguez Miguel , Matía-Martín Pilar , Vidal Josep , Vázquez Clotilde , Ros Emilio , Bullón Vela María Vanessa , Palau Antoni , Sorli Jose V. , Masagué Marta , Abete Itziar , Moreno-Rodríguez Anai , Candela-García Inma , Konieczna Jadwiga , García-Ríos Antonio , Juárez Oscar Lecea , Portolés Olga , Martín Paco , Goday Albert , Zulet M Ángeles , Vaquero-Luna Jessica , Orea María del Carmen Sayón , Megías Isabel , Baltasar Enric , Martínez J. Alfredo , Daimiel Lidia
Published: June 2022

Objective

To evaluate the effect of Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) status in the impact of lifestyle over Health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in patients with metabolic syndrome (MetS).

Methods

Baseline and 1 year follow up data from the PREDIMED-plus cohort (men and women, 55-75 years old with overweight/obesity and MetS) were studied. Adherence to an energy-restricted Mediterranean Diet (er-MeDiet) and Physical Activity (PA) were assessed with a validated screeners. Hepatic steatosis index (HSI) was implemented to evaluate NAFLD while the SF-36 questionnaire provided HRQoL evaluation. Statistical analyses were performed to evaluate the influence of baseline NAFLD on HRQoL as affected by lifestyle during 1 year of follow up.

Results

Data from 5205 patients with mean age of 65 years and a 48% of female participants. Adjusted linear multivariate mixed regression models showed that patients with lower probability of NAFLD (HSI < 36 points) were more responsive to er-MeDiet (β 0.64 vs β 0.05 per er-MeDiet adherence point, p< 0.01) and PA (β 0.05 vs β 0.01 per MET-h/week, p = 0.001) than those with high probability for NAFLD in terms Physical SF-36 summary in the 1 year follow up. 10 points of er-MeDiet adherence and 50 MET-h/week were thresholds for a beneficial effect of lifestyle on HRQoL physical domain in patients with lower probability of NAFLD.

Conclusion

The evaluation of NAFLD by the HSI index in patients with MetS might identify subjects with different prospective sensitivity to lifestyle changes in terms of physical HRQoL (http://www.isrctn.com/ISRCTN89898870).
Association of Maternal Mild Hypothyroidism With Offspring Neurodevelopment in TPOAb-Negative Women: A Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Wang Qingru , Jiang Yangqian , Lv Hong , Lu Qun , Tao Shiyao , Qin Rui , Huang Lei , Liu Cong , Xu Xin , Lv Siyuan , Li Mei , Li Zhi , Du Jiangbo , Lin Yuan , Ma Hongxia , Chi Xia , Hu Zhibin , Jiang Tao , Zhang Guoying
Published: June 2022

Objectives

Adequate maternal thyroid hormone availability is crucial for fetal neurodevelopment, but the role of maternal mild hypothyroidism is not clear. We aim to investigate the association of maternal mild hypothyroidism with neurodevelopment in infants at 1 year of age among TPOAb-negative women.

Methods

The present study was conducted within the Jiangsu Birth Cohort. A total of 793 mother–infant pairs were eligible for the present study. Maternal thyroid function was assessed by measuring serum thyroid-stimulating hormone, free thyroxine, and thyroid peroxidase antibodies. Neurodevelopment of infants was assessed by using the Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development third edition screening test (Bayley-III screening test).

Results

In the multivariate adjusted linear regression analyses, infants of women with subclinical hypothyroidism and isolated hypothyroxinemia were associated with decreased receptive communication scores (β = −0.68, p = 0.034) and decreased gross motor scores (β = −0.83, p = 0.008), respectively. Moreover, infants of women with high-normal TSH concentrations (3.0–4.0 mIU/L) and low FT4 concentrations were significantly associated with lower gross motor scores (β = −1.19, p = 0.032), while no differences were observed in infants when the mothers had a high-normal TSH concentration and normal FT4 levels.

Conclusions

Maternal subclinical hypothyroidism is associated with decreased receptive communication scores in infants at 1 year of age. In addition, maternal TSH concentration greater than 4.0 mIU/L and maternal isolated hypothyroxinemia are associated with impaired gross motor ability of infants, especially in infants of women with high-normal TSH concentrations (3.0–4.0 mIU/L).
Biomarkers for Detecting Kidney Dysfunction in Type-2 Diabetics and Diabetic Nephropathy Subjects: A Case-Control Study to Identify Potential Biomarkers of DN to Stratify Risk of Progression in T2D Patients
Authors: Harkin Carla , Cobice Diego , Brockbank Simon , Bolton Stephanie , Johnston Frances , Strzelecka Anna , Watt Joanne , Kurth Mary Jo , Lamont John V. , Fitzgerald Peter , Moore Tara , Ruddock Mark W.
Published: June 2022

Introduction

Currently there are no biomarkers that are predictive of when patients with type-2 diabetes (T2D) will progress to more serious kidney disease i.e., diabetic nephropathy (DN). Biomarkers that could identify patients at risk of progression would allow earlier, more aggressive treatment intervention and management, reducing patient morbidity and mortality.

Materials and Methods

Study participants (N=88; control n=26; T2D n=32; DN n=30) were recruited from the renal unit at Antrim Area Hospital, Antrim, UK; Whiteabbey Hospital Diabetic Clinic, Newtownabbey, UK; Ulster University (UU), Belfast, UK; and the University of the Third Age (U3A), Belfast, UK; between 2019 and 2020. Venous blood and urine were collected with a detailed clinical history for each study participant.

Results

In total, 13/25 (52.0%) biomarkers measured in urine and 25/34 (73.5%) biomarkers measured in serum were identified as significantly different between control, T2D and DN participants. DN patients, were older, smoked more, had higher systolic blood pressure and higher serum creatinine levels and lower eGFR function. Serum biomarkers significantly inversely correlated with eGFR.

Conclusion

This pilot-study identified several serum biomarkers that could be used to predict progression of T2D to more serious kidney disease: namely, midkine, sTNFR1 and 2, H-FABP and Cystatin C. Our results warrant confirmation in a longitudinal study using a larger patient cohort.
Receptor Guanylyl Cyclase C and Cyclic GMP in Health and Disease: Perspectives and Therapeutic Opportunities
Authors: Prasad Hari , Mathew John Kandam Kulathu , Visweswariah Sandhya S.
Published: June 2022

Receptor Guanylyl Cyclase C (GC-C) was initially characterized as an important regulator of intestinal fluid and ion homeostasis. Recent findings demonstrate that GC-C is also causally linked to intestinal inflammation, dysbiosis, and tumorigenesis. These advances have been fueled in part by identifying mutations or changes in gene expression in GC-C or its ligands, that disrupt the delicate balance of intracellular cGMP levels and are associated with a wide range of clinical phenotypes. In this review, we highlight aspects of the current knowledge of the GC-C signaling pathway in homeostasis and disease, emphasizing recent advances in the field. The review summarizes extra gastrointestinal functions for GC-C signaling, such as appetite control, energy expenditure, visceral nociception, and behavioral processes. Recent research has expanded the homeostatic role of GC-C and implicated it in regulating the ion-microbiome-immune axis, which acts as a mechanistic driver in inflammatory bowel disease. The development of transgenic and knockout mouse models allowed for in-depth studies of GC-C and its relationship to whole-animal physiology. A deeper understanding of the various aspects of GC-C biology and their relationships with pathologies such as inflammatory bowel disease, colorectal cancer, and obesity can be leveraged to devise novel therapeutics.
A 16-miRNA Prognostic Model to Predict Overall Survival in Neuroblastoma
Authors: Wang Jiepin , Xiao Dong , Wang Junxiang
Published: June 2022

Neuroblastoma is the most malignant childhood tumor. The outcome of neuroblastoma is hard to predict due to the limitation of prognostic markers. In our study, we constructed a 16-miRNA prognostic model to predict the overall survival of neuroblastoma patients for early diagnosis. A total of 205 DE miRNAs were screened using RNA sequencing data from GSE121513. Lasso Cox regression analysis generated a 16-miRNA signature consisting of hsa-let-7c, hsa-miR-135a, hsa-miR-137, hsa-miR-146a, hsa-miR-149, hsa-miR-15a, hsa-miR-195, hsa-miR-197, hsa-miR-200c, hsa-miR-204, hsa-miR-302a, hsa-miR-331, hsa-miR-345, hsa-miR-383, hsa-miR-93, and hsa-miR-9star. The concordance index of multivariate Cox regression analysis was 0.9, and the area under the curve (AUC) values of 3-year and 5-year survival were 0.92 and 0.943, respectively. The mechanism was further investigated using the TCGA and GSE90689 datasets. Two miRNA–gene interaction networks were constructed among DEGs from two datasets. Functional analysis revealed that immune-related processes were involved in the initiation and metastasis of neuroblastoma. CIBERSORT and survival analysis suggested that lower CD8 T-cell proportion and higher SPTA1 expressions were related to a better prognosis. Our study demonstrated that the miRNA signature may be useful in prognosis prediction and management improvement.
The m7G-Related Long Noncoding RNA Signature Predicts Prognosis and Indicates Tumour Immune Infiltration in Colon Cancer
Authors: Liu Li , Wu Yukang , Chen Wenzheng , Li Yebei , Yu Jiahe , Zhang Guoyang , Fu Pengcheng , Huang Liu , Xiong Jianbo , Jie Zhigang
Published: June 2022

With high morbidity and mortality, colon cancer (CC) is considered as one of the most often diagnosed cancers around the world. M7G-related lncRNA may provide a regulatory function in the formation of CC, but the principle of regulation is still unclear. The purpose of this research was to establish a novel signature that may be used to predict survival and tumour immunity in CC patients. Data about CC in TCGA was collected for analysis, coexpression analysis and univariate Cox analysis were used to screen prognostic m7G-related lncRNAs. A consensus clustering analysis based on prognostic m7G-related lncRNAs was applied, and a prognosis model based on least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression analysis was established. Independent prognostic analysis, nomogram, PCA, clinicopathological correlation analysis, TMB, survival analysis, immune correlation analysis, qRT–PCR and clinical therapeutic compound prediction were also applied. 90 prognostic m7G-related lncRNAs were found, GO and KEGG analysis showed that prognostic m7G-related lncRNAs were mainly related to cell transcription and translation. The results of the consensus clustering analysis revealed substantial disparities in survival prognosis and tumour immune infiltration between two clusters. We built a risk model with 21 signature m7G-related lncRNAs, patients in the high-risk group had a considerably poorer prognosis than those in the low-risk group. Independent prognostic analysis confirmed that patients’ prognosis was linked to their tumour stage and risk score. PCA, subgroups with distinct clinicopathological characteristics were studied for survival, multi-index ROC curve, c-index curve, the survival analysis of TMB, and model comparison tested the reliability of risk model. A tumour immunoassay revealed a substantial difference in immune infiltration between high-risk and low-risk individuals. Five chemicals were eliminated, and qRT–PCR indicated that the four lncRNAs were expressed differently. Overall, m7G-related lncRNA is closely related to colon cancer and the 21 signature lncRNAs risk model can efficiently evaluate the prognosis of CC patients, which has a possible positive consequence for the future diagnosis and therapy of CC.