bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
As possibilidades de ontologia presentes na teoria da física quântica
Authors: Tibiriçá de Camargo Basto Leandro
Published: April 2024

O presente artigo visa expor as principais teorias do campo da física quântica, assim como suas implicações ontológicas. Não se busca, aqui, uma interlocução com teorias metafísicas estabelecidas no campo da filosofia, nem mesmo uma exploração extensa da bibliografia estabelecida nas ciências. Foi usado um livro para a exposição geral das teorias, de seus desdobramentos e de suas consequências. No caso, trata-se do livro Quantum ontology: A guide to the metaphysics of quantum mechanics, de Peter J. Lewis. Foi privilegiada, portanto, uma abordagem em que a abrangência foi preferida em relação à profundidade. Um cotejamento cuidadoso com outras teorias metafísicas teria trazido uma visão mais específica dos possíveis problemas de fundo presentes tanto na ontologia (nas ontologias) derivadas da mecânica quântica quanto nas teorias cotejadas, mas a consequência seria retirar apresentações de outras possibilidades presentes dentro da própria teoria da mecânica quântica. Preferimos, portanto, apresentar um panorama amplo, de modo a contextualizar o leitor dentro de um campo de pesquisa, e deixar aprofundamentos específicos para outra oportunidade.
família e a parentalidade no século XXI
Authors: Barriquello Thais
Published: April 2024

O presente artigo tem como objetivo analisar a questão da família e a parentalidade no século XXI, e suas inúmeras mudanças que transformaram, também, o litígio. Assim, o estudo vai de encontro a Constituição Federal de 1988 e suas novas relações familiares, socioafetividade e multiparentalidade, bem como a Lei de Alienação Parental e seus pontos controversos, a qual, inclusive, foi recentemente modificada, entre outros assuntos pertinentes ao Direito de Família e os seus desacordos. Contudo, entra-se em uma seara de como resolver tamanhas divergências. É nesse momento que duas áreas distintas se juntam para solucionar conflitos: a Psicologia e o Direito. Dessa forma, no presente artigo, será discutida a atuação do psicólogo nas Varas de Família e como funcionam as perícias dentro desses processos. A metodologia utilizada consta de abordagem qualitativa, de cunho descritivo, com a realização de uma pesquisa documental, por meio da análise de documentos, ou seja, de legislações e a realização da pesquisa bibliográfica, a fim de cruzar os dados para a interpretação, fundamentando a pesquisa. Como resultado, observa-se que o momento exige ainda mais a interdisciplinariedade entre Direito e Psicologia, tendo em vista, litígios nunca antes vistos, nova geração de crianças imersas em redes sociais, mudanças rápidas de famílias no Brasil e a necessidade da conservação da dignidade de todos no ambiente familiar.
Pedagogical design as a way to enhance the learning process
Authors: Гришаева Анна Валериевна
Published: April 2024

В статье рассматриваются важнейшие направления развития образования в России, особенности и степени цифровизации образования, их влияние на трансформацию процесса обучения. Ставится вопрос о поиске новых способов организации педагогической практики. Дано определение педагогического дизайна как инновационного способа проектирования образовательных программ и курсов. Описаны особенности педагогического дизайна, на которые следует обратить внимание разработчикам программ и курсов. Перечислены основные модели педагогического дизайна, базовые принципы и преимущества педагогического дизайна в контексте современной парадигмы образования и при разработке конкурентоспособных образовательных программ и курсов. Раскрыт потенциал педагогического дизайна для повышения качества обучения в современных условиях цифровизации учебного процесса, анализ учебных активностей обучающихся и их сочетания при построении учебного курса.

The use of new digital tools in education requires a revision of pedagogical approaches and developing of new academic programs. The article discusses the most important direction of Russian education, its features and degrees of digitalization to transform learning process. The raised question is about finding new ways of organizing pedagogical practice. One of these ways is pedagogical design that allows creating educational products to improve the quality. The author analyzes the experience of using pedagogical design in Russian and foreign universities. The definition if classified as a process, a branch of scientific knowledge and technology by various authors in the pedagogical literature. The author deduces the definition of pedagogical design as an innovative way to design educational programs and courses. The lists of model and features are emphasizes to be paid attention to by the developers of programs and courses. In addition, the article notes the basic principles for creating competitive educational programs and courses in the context of the modern educational paradigm. The potential of pedagogical design is revealed in modern conditions of educational digitalization. An analysis is made of the students’ learning activities, corresponding to the nine steps of R. Gagne’s learning and their combinations when building a training course. Examples are given on the material of the training course “Foreign Language” for students majoring in Law. In conclusion the author highlights the role of pedagogical design as a major factor to organize successful teaching and learning.
The specifics of avoiding behavior of students in various situations
Authors: Годунов Михаил Викторович , Ахмедова Сабина Нютвели Кызы , Портнов Евгений Александрович
Published: April 2024

Целью статьи является представление результатов исследования стратегии избегания как совладающего поведения, как способа урегулирования конфликтов, как модели принятия решений. В батарею тестов включены тест Дж. Амирхана выявления доминирующих копинг-стратегий, тест Томаса – Килманна предрасположенности к конфликтному поведению, Мельбурнский опросник принятия решений, методика Д. А. Леонтьева «Смысложизненные ориентации». Объем выборки 70 человек. Тестирование проводилось одновременно среди двух групп юношей-студентов, получающих юридическое образование: 18-летние студенты 1–2-го курсов (34 человека) и 22-летние студенты 4–5-го курсов (36 человек). Установлено, что 22-летние юноши-студенты более склонны к избеганию стрессовых ситуаций. Однако они менее склонны к стратегии избегания в конфликтах, к избеганию при выборе в неопределенных ситуациях. При этом они демонстрируют большую степень гибкости поведения в стрессовых, конфликтных ситуациях и при выборе в условиях неопределенности, а также большую осмысленность системы жизненных целей, чем 18-летние юноши-студенты.

The article aims to present the results of the study of the characteristics of the avoidance strategy as a coping behaviour, as a way of resolving conflicts, and as a model of decision making. The battery of tests includes the Amirkhan dominant Coping Strategies Identification test (CSI), the Thomas-Kilmann test of predisposition to conflict behaviour (TKI), the Melbourne Decision Making Questionnaire test (MDMQ), D.A. Leontiev Life-purpose orientations test (LPO). Sample size was n=70. Testing was conducted simultaneously among two groups of male students receiving a legal education. The first group consisted of 18-year-old students of 1-2 years of study (n=34). The second group consisted of 22-year-old students of 4-5 years of study (n=36). It was found that 22-year-old students are more prone to es-cape stressful situations. However, they are less inclined to an avoidance strategy in conflicts-to-avoiding when choosing in uncertain situations. At the same time, they demonstrate a greater degree of flexibility of behaviour in stressful, conflict situations and when choosing in conditions of uncertainty, as well as greater comprehension of the system of life goals than 18-year-old students. According to the authors of the article, this is due to the high level of development of the image of the professional world due to the higher level of mastering the chosen profession among 22-year-old students completing their studies, compared to their younger colleagues just starting vocational training.
Psychological transformation of the student’s personality in the conditions of digitalization of education
Authors: Корытова Галина Степановна
Published: April 2024

В условиях цифровизации современной системы образования происходит психологическое развитие и трансформация личности обучающегося. Проблемные вопросы цифровизации российского образования относятся к числу наиболее активно обсуждаемых в современном психолого-педагогическом сообществе. Глобальная цифровизация привносит в образовательный процесс много новых возможностей, но ее последствия также представляют собой серьезные социальные и психологические проблемы. Цифровизация образования, применение новейших цифровых образовательных технологий, пребывание обучающегося в виртуальной среде оказывают существенное влияние на психологическое развитие ребенка, приводят к трансформациям его поведения, формированию специфической цифровой личности. В статье приведены результаты эмпирического исследования представлений педагогических работников о личностных и поведенческих особенностях современных обучающихся. Показано, что современные обучающиеся обладают психологическими свойствами и качествами, присущими представителям цифрового поколения.

In the conditions of digitalization of the modern education system, the psychological development and transformation of the student’s personality takes place. Problematic issues of digitalization of education are among the most actively discussed in the modern psychological and pedagogical community. The study of specific psychological characteristics of the personality of representatives of the digital generation (modern schoolchildren) is very relevant, since psychological scientists today are actively discussing how to build effective strategies for interpersonal communication and behavioral interaction with the digital generation. Global digital improvisation brings many new opportunities to the educational process, but its consequences also pose serious social and psychological problems. Digitalization of education, the use of the latest digital educational technologies, the student’s stay in a virtual environment have a significant impact on the psychological development of the child, lead to transformations of his behavior, the formation of a specific digital personality. The article presents the results of an empirical study of the ideas of teaching staff about the personal and behavioral characteristics of modern students. The results of the prototypical analysis of empirical data obtained during a remote survey of practicing teachers allow us to conclude that the modern student, as well as his personal properties and individual psychological characteristics, are statistically reliably associated with the attributes of digitalization and digital space. It is shown that modern students have the properties and qualities inherent in representatives of the digital generation.
Organization of phenological observations in geography at school
Authors: Ершова Татьяна Владимировна , Шмырова Дарья Евгеньевна , Петрова Елена Юрьевна
Published: April 2024

Рассматривается проблема внедрения фенологических наблюдений в школе. Описана история фенологических наблюдений и России и Томске. Приведены примеры использования фенологических наблюдений в сельском хозяйстве. Проведен сравнительный анализ собственных фенологических наблюдений по 15 показателям за весенний период с 2021 по 2023 г. с результатами прошлых лет других авторов. Проанализировано содержание школьных учебников географии на наличие в них заданий по фенологии. Описывается участие одного из авторов в разработке заданий для Областного фенологического конкурса «Календарь природы» в Томской области. Методически разработаны и проведены четыре занятия в школе, которые направлены на формирование познавательных универсальных учебных действий и развитие мотивации к исследовательской деятельности. Показаны способы формирования у обучающихся навыков наблюдений за сезонными изменениями в природе в ходе урочных и внеурочных занятий по географии. Цель статьи состоит в популяризации фенологических наблюдений среди школьников Томской области.

The problem of the introduction of phenological observations in school is considered. The basic terms of phenology are given. A review of the literature on the use of phenological observations in agriculture is carried out. The history of phenological observations in Russia and Tomsk is described. The state of phenology in Russia and Tomsk at the beginning of the XXI century is described. The authors have developed 15 indicators of observations of phenological phenomena in Tomsk for the spring period. A comparative analysis of their own phenological observations for the period from 2021 to 2023 with the results of previous years by other authors is given. The importance of popularization of phenological observations among schoolchildren is actualized. The content of school geography textbooks is analyzed for the presence of phenology tasks in them. Methodically developed and conducted four classes at school in the section “Phenology”, which are aimed at the formation of cognitive universal learning activities and the development of motivation for research activities. The ways of forming students’ skills of observing seasonal changes in nature during scheduled and extracurricular geography classes are shown. It describes the participation of one of the authors of the article in the development of tasks for the Regional phenological competition “Nature Calendar” in the Tomsk region. 32 people from Tomsk, Pervomaisky, Molchanovsky, Chainsky, Kargasoksky, Verkhneketsky region, as well as from the city of Strezheva took part in the “Nature Calendar” competition. The purpose of the article is to popularize phenological observations among schoolchildren of the Tomsk region.
Influence of Standalone and Ensemble Classifiers in Face Spoofing Detection using LBP and CNN Models
Authors: Prasad Mayank , Jain Sandhya , Bhanodia Praveen , Priya Anu
Published: April 2024

Background: Artificial intelligence has made significant contributions to facial recognition and biometric identification and is now being employed in a range of applications. Detecting facial spoofing, where someone attempts to pass as an authorized user to gain access to the system, is still difficult. Spoofing-attack-resistant face recognition systems demand efficient and effective solutions. A more stringent recognition system will result in higher false positives and false negatives, which makes such a system questionable for practical use. Eventually, the prominent deep-learning techniques were overtaken by CNN-based architecture.
Objective: To analyse classifiers to identify the impact on spoof detection. The intent is not only to get the highest accuracy but also to find strategies to significantly reduce false positives and false negatives.
Methods: Face image spoofing detection is implemented in this paper by extracting face embedding using the Local Binary Pattern (LBP) and the VGG16 CNN architecture. To classify real and spoof images, SVM, KNN, Decision Tree, and ensembles of classifier models are utilized.
Results: The proposed three models obtained test accuracy of 98%, 94.48%, and 99% when applied to the custom dataset, while in the NUAA photography imposter dataset, they achieved 97%, 99%, and 100% and kept the FN and FP significantly low.
Conclusion: Accessing human faces through smart gadgets from various resources is possible, leading to the possibility of spoof attacks. Although spoof detection methods persist, effective methods with high accuracy and low FN and FP are still required. The proposed ensemble techniques significantly outperform the existing classifiers with high accuracy, keeping FN and FP low.
Shepherd Model Based on Psalm 23 and its Implementation for a Christian’s Life
Authors: Mujiono John Gershom , Windarti Maria Titik , Sugijarto Kristian Handoyo , Andrean Tony
Published: April 2024

As the Lord Jesus stated, “The Son of Man did not come to be served, but to serve.” The primary responsibility of shepherds is to serve in Matthew 20:28. The shepherd’s basic role is that of a servant; the word servant is derived from the Greek word doulos, which means slave. In this sense, the ministry of shepherding is a ministry of service; the shepherd serves as a leader, a father, a prophet, a priest, and a head for the flock or congregation that God has committed to him, in addition to being a servant or slave. As a role model for his flock or congregation, the church pastor’s role must be evident. The goal of this article is to broaden the shepherd model based on Psalm 23, which represents the functions of a Christian life. The duty of the shepherd is highlighted as we examine the identification and biblical usage of sheep and shepherds. The role of the shepherd is to care for his congregation, based on Psalm 23:3, by guiding them to the right path, besides also providing goodness and mercy (Psalm 23:6).
INFLUÊNCIA DA URBANIZAÇÃO NA CARACTERIZAÇÃO FISICO-QUÍMICA E MICROBIOLÓGICA EM AMBIENTES LÊNTICOS DE CAMOCIM/CE
Authors: Teixeira Maria Graviele , Oliveira Adelaide Sampaio , Pereira Francisco Marcílio de Oliveira , Souza Jardielen Chaves , Rodrigues Edmo Montes
Published: April 2024

O município de Camocim, localizado no litoral do estado do Ceará, possui ecossistemas lênticos nas regiões urbanizada e não urbanizada. A prática de atividades desportivas é comum em vários deles, tanto por moradores locais quanto por turistas. O presente trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar as concentrações de sólidos e a densidade de bactérias heterotróficas em dois ambientes lênticos da área urbanizada (Lagoa da Democrata e Lagoa da Tierre) e em dois da área não urbanizada (Lago do Boqueirão e Lagoa Verde do Aborrecido) no município de Camocim. Sólidos Totais, Sólidos Totais Fixos, Sólidos Totais Voláteis, Sólidos Dissolvidos Totais e contagem de bactérias heterotróficas foram realizados para todos os ambientes. Os resultados demonstram que ambientes lênticos em regiões urbanizadas apresentam valores maiores de todas as frações de sólidos e de densidade de bactérias heterotróficas quando comparados a ambientes de regiões não urbanizadas, ocorrendo correlação positiva entre os valores de sólidos e bactérias heterotróficas, exceto para sólidos totais voláteis. As concentrações de sólidos totais nas regiões urbanizadas estão acima do preconizado pela resolução CONAMA 357/2005, inabilitando esses ambientes para diversos usos, incluindo atividades recreativas. Sugere-se que essas variações estejam relacionadas à entrada de componentes alóctones devido às atividades antrópicas nos ambientes urbanizados.
Caffeine exposure causes downregulation of the expression of genes related to osteogenesis and chondrogenesis in Zebrafish (Danio rerio)
Authors: Bertassoli Bruno Machado , Santana Gilcinea de Cassia , Nogueira Julia Meireles , Paula Rayan Silva de , Jorge Erika Cristina , Guilherme Helder de Oliveira , Alves Endrigo Gabellini Leonel , Reis Amanda Maria Sena , Serakides Rogéria , Ocarino Natália Melo
Published: April 2024

With the aim of evaluating the effects of caffeine on the expression of gene transcripts related to osteogenesis and chondrogenesis, during zebrafish embryonic development the embryos were divided into five groups: control (without caffeine), 0.25 mM caffeine, 0.5 mM caffeine, 1.0mM caffeine, and 2.0mM caffeine. Embryos were placed in cell culture plates with aquarium water at 280 C for 72 hours post-fertilization (hpf). Embryonic development was followed at times of six, 12 hpf, 24 hpf, 30 hpf, 48 hpf, 54 hpf, and 72 hpf. At 72 hpf, the expression of Sox9a, runx2b, osteocalcin, osteopontin, collagen 2a1, and bmp2a was analyzed using real-time RT-PCR. The 0.25mM caffeine group showed embryonic development that was visually similar to the control group despite having a significantly lower relative expression of bmp2a, runx2b, and collagen 2a1. In the 0.5mM and 1mM caffeine groups, morphological alterations such as tail folding, pericardial edema, and yolk sac deformation were observed, and the relative expression levels of bmp2a, runx2b, and collagen 2a1 were significantly lower. In contrast, osteocalcin expression was significantly higher than in the control group. In the 2mM caffeine group, the embryos did not hatch until 72 hpf and showed tail docking and pericardial and yolk sac edema. The relative expression of bmp2a and runx2b was significantly lower, whereas that of osteocalcin, osteopontin, and collagen 2a1 did not differ from that of the control group. We conclude that caffeine altered the expression of gene transcripts related to osteogenesis and chondrogenesis in zebrafish embryos, even in embryos without visible morphological changes.
Periarticular histiocytic sarcoma in a French Bulldog
Authors: Flecher Mayra Cunha , Nascimento Nathalia Teixeira , Reys Marina Possa dos , Gorza Leonardo Lima , Souza Mayara Coutinho Carlos de , Horta Rodrigo dos Santos
Published: April 2024

Histiocytic sarcoma is a neoplasm originating from the dendritic cell lineage and presents an aggressive biological behavior and poor prognosis due to its increased metastatic rate. It can be localized, such as the articular and periarticular forms, or disseminated to several organs. Histopathological examination associated with immunohistochemistry can lead to a definitive diagnosis. The treatment of choice is surgical excision, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, or combination. Here, we report a case of periarticular histiocytic sarcoma involving the left knee joint in a female French Bulldog. The animal showed signs of lameness, a mass in the left pelvic limb, and radiographic findings suggestive of neoplasia. After cytological examination suggesting malignant mesenchymal neoplasia, the limb was amputated, and histiocytic sarcoma was diagnosed by histopathological examination and positive immunohistochemistry for CD18 and IBA1. After amputation, multimodal chemotherapy was instituted, and the animal survived for nine months from the start of chemotherapy treatment. However, the patient presented metastasis to the lungs, right pelvic limb, and superficial inguinal and popliteal lymph nodes.
MATERI TARI GANDRUNG BANYUWANGI MENGGUNAKAN MULTIMEDIA BERBASIS WEB GOOGLE SITES
Authors: Anggraini Estu Candra , Sabri Indar , Suryandoko Welly
Published: April 2024

Penelitian ini merupakan sebuah pengembangan dan penerapan berupa sebuah produk multimedia berbasis web google sites yang bertujuan memberi dan menyebarluaskan pengetahuan tentang Tari Gandrung Banyuwangi ditinjau dari berbagai elemen. Multimedia ini juga bertujuan sebagai upaya kecil pelestarian tari tradisional Banyuwangi yang bersifat pengenalan dan penyebarluasan informasi. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam pengumpulan dan analisis data yaitu kualitatif deskriptif dengan pengembangan produk menggunakan model ADDIE. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan observasi dan wawancara, sedangkan analisis data dilakukan dengan reduksi, penyajian data, dan penegasan simpulan. Model pengembangan produk yang digunakan yaitu analisis, desain, pengembangan, dan implementasi. Hasil penelitian menjelaskan bahwa produk ini dapat menambah pengetahuan pembelajar terkait berbagai elemen pendukung Tari Gandrung karena berisi materi secara kompleks,  yaitu : sejarah perkembangan, jenis tari, ragam gerak, alat musik, iringan gendhing, busana dan beragam video jenis Tari Gandrung Banyuwangi. Selain digunakan pada pendidikan nonformal, multimedia ini juga dapat digunakan secara fleksibel pada pendidikan formal sebagai pelengkap pembelajaran.
BAHAN AJAR TARI OLANG BALEGO DALAM MEDIA DIGITAL CANVA UNTUK SEKOLAH MENENGAH ATAS
Authors: Rahmalia Siti , Heniwaty Yusnizar
Published: April 2024

Aplikasi Canva adalah salah satu aplikasi yang banyak digunakan dalam pembelajaran, dikarenakan memberikan kemudahan bagi siswa untuk mempelajari materi yang diberikan oleh guru. Penelitan ini  mendeskripsikan bagaimana materi tari dalam pembelajaran seni budaya dengan memanfaatkan aplicasi canva sebagai bahan ajar. Materi yang disusun merujuk pada KD 3.1 dan KD 4.1 berisi konsep teknik dan prosedur dalam ragam gerak tari tradisi yaitu tari Olang Balego. Metode penelitian menggunakan penelitian pengembangan oleh Borg & Gall dengan 10 tahapan yang dikelompokkan menjadi 5 tahapan yaitu: 1) Identifikasi Potensi Masalah, 2) Pengumpulan Data, 3) Desain Produk, 4) Validasi, dan  5) Revisi Desain. Sampel penelitian adalah Tari Olang Balego sbagai materi, dan 2 orang  penari dari Prodi Pendidikan Tari, sebagai peraga. Hasil penelitian diketahui bahwa, avlikasi canva memiliki daya tarik berdasarkan kemasan yang dibuat dengan mendesain gambar, teks, warna, bentuk, dan audio, dari Tari Olang Balego sesuai KD. Sehingga hasil kemasan menjadi menarik untuk digunakan sebagai bahan ajar. Selain itu kelyakan dari hasil kemasan dibuktikan  dari validasi oleh ahli media dengan kelayakan rata-rata 4,9 dan ahli materi  dengan kelayakan rata-rata 4,7.
TARI JAPIN HARAPAN SEBAGAI TARI PENYAMBUTAN TAMU DI KABUPATEN TAPIN KALIMANTAN SELATAN
Authors: Nashih Muhammad , Ferdianto Saparius
Published: April 2024

Tari Japin Harapan adalah tari penyambutan atau tari selamat datang yang berasal dari Kabupaten Tapin, Kalimantan Selatan. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui mengenai sejarah, fungsi, musik iringan, makna dan ragam gerak Tari Japin Harapan. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode deskriptif kualitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan dua cara yaitu, pengumpulan data tertulis berupa studi pustaka dengan cara membaca buku, jurnal, website. Selanjutnya teknik pengumpulan data lapangan yaitu berupa wawancara dengan narasumber secara daring dan tatap muka. Hasil penelitian ini memperoleh beberapa informasi bahwa Tari Japin Harapan pertama kali ditarikan pada 30 November 2021 bertepatan dengan Hari Ulang Tahun Kabupaten Tapin. Tari ini memiliki beberapa fungsi selain sebagai upacara penyambutan, di antaranya yaitu sebagai hiburan dan sarana pendidikan budaya. Makna dari Tari Japin Harapan tergambar pada gerak dan musik iringannya. Gerak pada Tari Japin Harapan ini juga menggambarkan kebiasaan warga setempat di Desa Hiyung dengan kegiatan memetik hasil panen cabai Hiyung yang menjadi kebanggan Kabupaten Tapin. Dalam bait lirik lagu yang menjadi musik iringan Tari Japin Harapan menceritakan tentang pariwisata dan keanekaragaman seni dan budaya yang ada di Kabupaten Tapin.
Převoditelnost práva stavby
Authors:   University of West Bohemia, Knaizl Zdeněk
Published: April 2024

The contribution subject of the construction right was re-introduced into our legal system with effect of the Act No. 89/2012 Civil Code. The right of construction, as the only institute, allows the builder to implement a construction on someone else‘s land without this construction becoming part of it, thereby breaking the principle of superficio solo cedit. This post focuses on the transferability of building rights and the possibility of limiting the transferability. In particular, the issue of negotiating a ban on transferability is currently considered a controversial issue, and this contribution aims to map the current legal regulation and, based on the analysis, present arguments aimed at resolving this issue.
Ochrana proti bossingu ve světle aktuální judikatury
Authors:   University of West Bohemia, Kulawiak Petr
Published: April 2024

The paper discusses a recently published decision in the Collection of Judicial Decisions and Opinions of the Supreme Court under No. 84, which dealt with the issue of unequal treatment of employees and the relevant circumstances in assessing the adequacy of monetary compensation for non-pecuniary damage. The value of the decision can be found not only in the fact that, in a legal sentence published in the Collection of Judicial Decisions and Opinions, it resolved the question of what legal regulation governs the legal means of protection against unequal treatment of employees, and at the same time contributed to further interpretative aspects in assessing the question of the adequacy of compensation for non-pecuniary damage, but also in the fact that it defined in fact the types of behaviour of an employer towards an employee which may have the characteristics of bossing.
Inštitút právnej zodpovednosti, funkcie a druhy zodpovednostných vzťahov v právnom poriadku Slovenskej republiky
Authors:   Univerzita Mateja Bela v Banskej Bystrici, Právnická fakulta, Lašťáková Spuchláková Zuzana
Published: April 2024

A legal liability relationship in the Slovak legal system is a liability-legal relationship of a relative nature, which arises between two or more specifically defined entities. The content of the legal relationship of the institute of responsibility is the synallagmatic rights and obligations of specific persons, and thus the participants in this legal relationship. The aim of this paper is to approach and define the concept, functions and types of legal liability.
Komparace institutu změny pohlaví v českém a ve slovenském právním řádu
Authors:   University of West Bohemia, Mach Ondřej
Published: April 2024

Legal anchoring of the gender reassignment is the actual topic around the world and in the Czech republic too. Because the Czech Republic and the Slovak Republic were one federal state until 1992, it is therefore beneficial to make a detailed comparison of the legal institution of gender reassignment precisely between the legal systems of these two republics. In the end of this contribution, a possible procedure in legal regulation is also evaluated of the institute gender reasignment in legal systems both states.
Zodpovednosť za škodu spôsobenú zamestnancom trochu inak
Authors:   Právnická fakulta Trnavskej univerzity v Trnave, Novotná Marianna
Published: April 2024

The paper deals with a very narrow and rather conceptually oriented scope of selected issues of liability for damage caused by an employee, while performing an activity for the employer or outside the framework of such activities, to the employer, to another employee or to a third party standing outside the employer’s structures. The paper looks at the problem outlined not only from the perspective of labour law but also from the perspective of the relevant civil law provisions.
Crusader Knight Orders as Medieval NGOs. Legal History Lessons for 21st Century Legal Practitioners
Authors:   Institute of Social Sciences, University of Dunaújváros, Falus Orsolya
Published: April 2024

During the centuries of the Middle Ages the special organizations of Crusader knight orders have been founded in order to achieve goals of public utility. They also disposed of their own properties needed for achieving those goals of public utility, just like modern NGOs. Their nonprofit activities were: military defense and public safety, administration (“locus credibilis authenticus”), and healing (hospitals, “leprosoriums”). The king, the superior ecclesiastical dignities, entrant members and individuals could equally support these organizations with their donations in the course of their latter functioning. The donations could be paid in one sum or on an annual basis; inter vivos (between the living), as a property benefit, or with a provision in the event of death, through a testament. In the course of carrying out public benefit activities, the Crusaders also committed abuses in the course of using the benefits provided to their organizations, similar to today’s nonprofit organizations. Within the framework of a “lesson” in legal history, the present study shows – mainly illustrated with Hungarian examples from the Arpad-era – the reasons that led to the disappearance of some knight orders, while how other organizations were able to survive – even until the present day.
Přínos politické teorie Hannah Arendtové pro uchopení zákazu zpředmětnění člověka jako ústavněprávní kategorie: Na rozcestí mezi otázkou proporcionality a legitimity
Authors:   Právnická fakulta Univerzity Palackého v Olomouci, Sležková Anna
Published: April 2024

In its case-law, the Constitutional Court opened the way for a ban on the objectification of human beings in the Czech constitutional order. However, the actual content of this prohibition has remained unclear and its impact banal. It has become a call for strict consideration of the specific circumstances of the case under the proportionality test. It is only in later times that decisions of the Constitutional Court have emerged which shift the impact of this prohibition to the level of legitimacy. Hannah Arendt’s political theory offers important concepts that can help to elaborate the content of the prohibition precisely in terms of the question of legitimacy. Using her notion of power and prejudice, it is possible to propose an understanding of the prohibition of objectification of man as their political freedom, that is, as their right to share in power and to be free from prejudices that would imply their incapacity, unfitness or unworthiness for such a share. Such a conception, however, brings about a radical reversal in the assessment of the legitimacy of the interference with human rights. It necessarily excludes individual interventions based on scientific knowledge of the human being and seeking to treat the future risk that a person’s behaviour may pose to society or to themselves. This notion of legitimacy is already emerging in international human rights law, most notably in the UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities. The space freed up by refraining from the described individual interventions does not necessarily remain empty. It is not only possible, but even obligatory, to concentrate efforts on treating potential risks to society and the individual by focusing on the environment and advocating for its accessibility for everyone.
Vnútropolitická situácia v Československu pred konaním Mníchovskej konferencie
Authors:   Ústav teórie práva Gustava Radbrucha, právnická fakulta univerzity Pavla Jozefa Šafárika v Košiciach, Tresa Ľuboš
Published: April 2024

Despite the increasingly deteriorating international situation in 1938 and despite the increasingly tense domestic political situation in Czechoslovakia (which we briefly described above) and despite the evident evidence that armed conflict in Central Europe is increasingly inevitable, the optimistic mood prevailed in Czechoslovak society. If we look at the given situation through the lens of the time, it is clear to us that Czechoslovak society could not afford defeatism at that time. Even though the parliamentary and political system of the Czechoslovak Republic suffered a major blow due to the critical events of September 1938, this did not mean that the government of the Czechoslovak Republic planned to completely surrender to the dictates of Germany and its allies. As the mood of the time shows, the society of Czechoslovakia was actively prepared to defend its democratically elected government and its democratic Masaryk political system, which was the basic pillar of democracy throughout the existence of the first Czechoslovakia. The government of the Czechoslovak Republic tried in every possible way to solve the nationality problem that arose in the Czechoslovak Republic. It can be said, however, that this political struggle to solve this problem was already lost, since Henlein‘s Sudeten German Party and even the German politicians themselves were not interested in solving the minority problem in Czechoslovakia, but rather in the destruction of Czechoslovakia as such, either through a peaceful diplomatic or political by way of or through the Fall Grünn, i.e., the military liquidation of Czechoslovakia. I am aware that the issue described above is only a short excursion that points to a much more complex topic that deserves a separate, more detailed, and especially extensive treatment. The internal political situation in Czechoslovakia before the Munich Agreement is a topic that I will certainly focus on in more detail in my rigorous work, and in this work, I plan to point out in more detail why the solution to the nationality problem in Czechoslovakia was a lost political as well as diplomatic battle of the Czechoslovakian government.
Mimosúdna ochrana know-how
Authors:   Katedra občianskeho práva Právnickej fakulty Univerzity Pavla Jozefa Šafárika v Košiciach, Varholík Štefan
Published: April 2024

In the article, the author defines the peculiarities of the concept of know-how and the specifics of its protection. The author then describes judicial and extrajudicial means of protecting know-how. In the context of out-of-court means of protecting know-how, the author places emphasis on arbitration proceedings under the Arbitration Act and mediation proceedings under the Mediation Act.
Digitálny dôkaz v trestnom konaní
Authors:   Právnická fakulta, Trnavská univerzita v Trnave, Halas Norbert
Published: April 2024

The contribution in question concerns a certain issue of digital evidence and the definition of its terms, while the author of the contribution was based on definitions found mainly in foreign literature. The paper further discussed individual potential sources of digital evidence, which, due to the breadth of the topic, the author briefly discussed and listed examples of sources. To acquire digital evidence, it is necessary to pay attention to the basic principles of this acquisition, which did not conflict with the legal order of any country, even if the legal regulations are different.
Remittance inflows in a digital economy: A Sub-Saharan African experience
Authors: Jemiluyi Olufunmilayo Olayemi , Jeke Leward
Published: April 2024

The undeniable importance of migrants’ remittances to the welfare of developing countries was again demonstrated during the COVID-19 pandemic. This has therefore led to a significant shift in attention to the relevance of remittances and has likewise spurred research interest in factors that motivate the inflows of remittances. However, in spite of the increasing recognition of the roles of digital technology in the macroeconomic performance of developed and developing economies alike, empirical analysis of its possible impacts on remittance inflows has not been well explored in the literature. Therefore, pooling the annual data of 35 sub-Saharan African (SSA) countries from 2011 to 2020, this study investigates the nexus between digital technology and remittance inflows within the generalized method of moments (GMM) framework. Using two measures of digital technology infrastructure—internet usage and mobile cellular subscription—the study finds a positive relationship between digital technology and remittances inflow. In addition, the findings indicate that the magnitude of the effect is relatively higher for internet usage. The study thus shows that the increased rate of remittance mobilization constitutes a significant pathway through which digital technology impacts the economies of the SSA region. Moreover, it offers further insight on the importance of digital technology in the socioeconomic development of developing countries. From a policy standpoint, governments and policymakers in SSA countries should intensify efforts to promote the diffusion and penetration of digital infrastructure.
Herbolaria y alternativas al desarrollo en pueblos indígenas Mé´pháá y Tu´un savi en Guerrero, México
Authors: Mayo-Mayo Samuel , Cruz-León Artemio , Wilson-García Claudia Yanet , Cervantes Herrera Joel
Published: April 2024

Objetivo: analizar la medicina tradicional herbolaria indígena Mé´pháá (tlapaneca) y Tu´un savi (mixteca) de Guerrero y su contribución al Etnodesarrollo y Buen Vivir como alternativas al desarrollo. Metodología: metodología cualitativa, se revisaron los conceptos, metodología y principios de la medicina tradicional herbolaria y su relación con los procesos de salud- enfermedad y su contribución al Etnodesarrollo y Buen Vivir. Resultados: los saberes de esos pueblos originarios se sustenta en los elementos culturales materiales e inmateriales, intelectuales y simbólicos-emotivos de la medicina tradicional herbolaria. Limitaciones: no se encontró suficiente literatura sobre herbolaria en pueblos indígenas Mé´pháá y Tu´un savi de Guerrero, por lo que se tuvo que incorporar bibliografía de otros estados y también de otros pueblos indígenas. Conclusión: la herbolaría y el resto de los saberes que constituyen el sistema de salud comunitario, y otros saberes, contribuyen a un desarrollo propio, basado en la cosmovisión indígena y donde los actores locales tienen la capacidad autónoma para dirigirlo, considerando su experiencia histórica y sus recursos culturales propios y ajenos. Por ello, la herbolaria y la medicina tradicional en general son una expresión del Buen Vivir de los Tu´un savi y Mé´pháá de Guerrero.
КОНЦЕПТ ПРОГРАМСКОГ ХИБРИДНОГ ОБЈЕКТА КРОЗ ПРИМЕР КАФЕ-КЊИЖАРЕ
Authors: Вујасиновић Вања
Published: April 2024

Концепт кафића као простора који служи раду и учењу, познат је савременом човеку и присутан је све више, с узрок томе је другачији стил живота. Онлајн(online) начин праћења наставе и даљински (remote) тип пословања, омогућавају флексибилност у одабиру локације, а неретко та локација управо представља место где се  нуди бесплатан Ви-Фи, довољно места за седење, утичнице и атмосфера погодна за продуктивност.
Cloning Sheep Cytokin Genes and Preliminary Transfect to HT29 Cell Line
Authors: Sang Vu Van , Andronicos Nicholas
Published: April 2024

The study was carried out to clone sheep cytokine genes for protein expression in mammalian cell culture. Once expressed it is hypothesized that these proteins when added to a primary mast cell culture will allow the growth of these cells. Mast cells are used by sheep to combat gastro-intestinal nematode (GIN) by helping to establish the host immune response and to eliminate of GIN. Kit ligand and IL3 proteins are growth factors of mast cells that were derived from extraction of total RNA from lung and thymus tissues, respectively. The IL3 and kit ligand genes were cloned into bacterial expression pGEM – T easy vector to determine correct sequences before being sub-cloned into the mammalian expression pWPI vector. The Pac 1 enzyme was used to cut restriction sites of pGEM – T easy vector, pWPI vector, IL3 and kit ligand genes in cloning strategies. The study also established 24 different conditions for transient transfection IL3 and Kit ligand genes into HT29 cells and screen positive cells on the flow cytometry. Results showed that clones of IL3 and kit ligand with the correct sequences were created for using transient transfection. The transfection efficiency of IL3 and kit ligand DNA/ pWPI plasmid into HT29 cells were extremely low with approximately 9% for the best condition. This low transfection efficiency leads to shortage of IL3 and kit ligand for growing mast cells. Therefore, stable transfection will be required to have highest efficiencies that produce the large quantities of IL3 and kit ligand proteins required for culture of sheep mast cell lines.
Synthesis of NiFe2O4 Photocatalyst to Apply for Treatment of Residual Tetracycline in Aqueous Environment with Addition of H2O2
Authors: Duc Dang Minh , Hang Cat Minh , Van Dinh Tuong , Khoa Nguyen Viet , Linh Tran Thuy , Hanh Nguyen Thi , Dong Pham Thanh
Published: April 2024

In the study, NiFe2O4 was successfully synthesized by hydrothermal method for treatment of residual tetracycline (TC) in aqueous environment. The study also investigated effects of H2O2 as electron an acceptor to enhance TC photocatalytic degradation of the synthesized NiFe2O4. The properties of synthesized materials were determined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), UV-Vis absoprtion spectroscopy (UV-VIS) and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) systems. The obtained results indicated that the synthesized NiFe2O4 were nano-particles with average size of approximately 50 nm. The synthesized NiFe2O4 also exhibited high visible light absorption and magnetic ability. The TC removal results indicated that the NiFe2O4 adsorbed certain amount of tetracycline under dark condition. Under visible light, the NiFe2O4 further degraded significant tetracycline amount. Finally, the study investigated that H2O2 effectively acted as electron acceptor for hydroxyl radical production to degrade tetracycline.
Metaphorical nominations of national leaders of the past as a phenomenon of actual political communication
Authors: Bykova Elena Vladimirovna , Gavra Dmitrii Petrovich , Baikova Irina Aleksandrovna
Published: April 2024

The article is devoted to the analysis of the metaphorical nomination of the subject as an instrument of deep-datified mediatization of a political incident of a special nature - the death/departure from active politics of a political leader on a national scale. The theoretical basis is the theory of deep mediatization, the cognitive theory of metaphor and the sociology of memory. The authors prove that the analysis of the metaphorical nominations of outstanding statesmen who left this world makes it possible to identify the public's attitude to the current state of political problematization and the structural profile of current political conflicts. Media texts and user-generated content in foreign English-language media were selected as empirical material for analysis. The resulting dataset is analyzed on the basis of the theory of metaphor in political discourse. The article shows that the death/departure from active politics of a political leader of the distant or relatively close past acts as a significant information event that generates the actualization of the political discursive field in a datatized online environment. English-language online media or online versions of traditional media were selected by the monitoring method in the system Semanticforce.ai : Associated Press, Bloomberg News, Reuters for the period 08.30.2022 ‒ 09.10.2022. A total of 12320 texts were taken into account. By means of lexical and semantic analysis, the nominations were selected from the texts and their classification into lexical and thematic groups was carried out. As a result of the study, it is shown that the death/departure from active politics of a political leader of the distant or relatively close past acts as a significant information event that generates the actualization of the political discursive field in a datatized online environment. - English-speaking online media assess the personality of Mikhail Gorbachev in a generally positive way: one of a kind, democrat, peacemaker, etc. - The thematic group of lexemes with the meaning of paradoxicity and inconsistency in English-speaking media is one of the most representative in the analyzed media discourse. - The paradoxical nature of personality assessment is linked to the counter-predictive assessment of Mikhail Gorbachev's activities during his presidency in European and Russian politics.