bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Experience in the educational process at the department of hospital therapy in the pandemic of the new coronavirus infection (COVID-19)
Authors: Pavlovich Igor M. , Makoveeva Olga V. , Vasilyev Vadim N. , Golikov Alexey V. , Vasilyeva Irina A. , Chumak Boris A.
Published: July 2021

The introduction of distance learning into the practice of educational process at the Military Medical Academy named after S.M. Kirov is justified in the context of the pandemic of the new coronavirus infection COVID-19. The modern principles of distance learning are presented. The experience of distance learning at the Department of Hospital Therapy of the Military Medical Academy named after S.M. Kirov during the COVID-19 pandemic is described. Aspects of the organization and teaching of the discipline Hospital Therapy in cadets and students of the 6th year in distance learning are considered. Practical training using an electronic information environment included studying theoretical material using an electronic textbook, watching a lecture presentation, and testing. Solving situational problems with pre-diagnosis, appointment of a plan of examination and treatment of patients allowed to preserve the practical component of the classes. The positive and negative aspects of distance learning are discussed. The data of the anonymous questionnaire of 70 cadets and students of the 6th year of the Faculty of Medicine on satisfaction with the educational process in the distance learning mode are given. The questions concerned the organization, merits and disadvantages of distance learning at the department in conditions of self-isolation of teachers and students. The experience of teaching has shown that cadets and students have high motivation, organization, good enough skills to work in the mode of distance learning. This has contributed to rapid adaptation to a new form of training in the face of the COVID-19 pandemic. In general, teachers and students are satisfied with the remote learning process. However, distance learning, according to most teachers and students, cannot fully provide a practical part of the future doctors training program. Positive experience of the department has shown that distance learning can be considered as an alternative to traditional learning in the conditions of self-isolation of teachers and students in the pandemic of the new coronavirus infection COVID-19.
The main pathogenetic mechanisms of hypercoagulation in diabetes and the possibility of its drug correction
Authors: Kryukov Evgeny V. , Kuchmin Alexey N. , Umanskaya Elena P. , Nagorny Mikhail B. , Shevelev Andrey A.
Published: July 2021

Disorders in the blood coagulation system play an important role in the development of cardiovascular pathology in diabetes. Factors that cause them are hyperglycemia, insulin deficiency, insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, oxidative stress. The most significant changes are observed in the vascular-platelet link of hemostasis. Diabetes is characterized by morphological and functional changes in the endothelium of blood vessels. The activity of platelets increases, which is manifested by their high level of spontaneous aggregation and increased sensitivity to the action of activating factors. The role in the disturbance of hemostasis is played by increasing the activity of the von Willebrand factor, reflecting damage to endothelial cells. Diabetes is characterized by an increase in the activity of plasma clotting factors (I, II, III, VII, VIII, IX, XI, XII and XIII), activation of the callicrein-kinin system. In some cases, this correlates with the development of complications of diabetes. Characteristic disorders in the coagulation inhibition system are a decrease in the activity of antithrombin III, reduced formation of thrombin-antithrombin complexes, reduction of thrombomodulin and protein C. In diabetes, there is a decrease in fibrinolysis, due to a decrease in the expression of tissue activator plasminogen and an increase in the level of the inhibitor of the activator plasminogen. The possibilities of drug correction of hypercoagulation factors in diabetes are to achieve glycemic control with sugar-reducing drugs and elimination of dyslipidemia through hypolipidemic therapy. The most well-studied sugar-lowering drug that improves the state of the blood clotting system is metformin. The system of hemostasis in diabetic patients is positively affected by statins both due to the direct hypolipidemic effect, and by improving endothelial function and increasing fibrinolysis.
Cognitive and anxiety-depressive disorders in patients with age-related macular degeneration and cataracts
Authors: Agarkov Nikolai M. , Yablokov Maxim M. , Konyaev Dmitry A. , Popova Natalia V.
Published: July 2021

Cognitive impairment and anxiety-depressive disorders in patients with age-related macular degeneration and cataract of old age are considered. 125 patients 6074 years old suffering from age-related macular degeneration combined with cataract were examined at the Tambov branch of the interdisciplinary scientific and technical complex "Eye Microsurgery named after Academician S.N. Fedorov". 74 patients of similar age without age-related macular degeneration served as controls. Anxiety was assessed by the Spielberger Hanin questionnaire, depressive status by the "Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression scale". The validity of the differences was determined by the Mann Whitney's U-criterion. It was established that among elderly patients suffering from age-related macular degeneration combined with cataract, cognitive deficits, an average level of personal anxiety, a significant specific gravity with an average level and an increased level of personal anxiety, depressive disorders, and in the control group a low level of anxiety and the absence of generally depressive disorders. Therefore, age-related macular degeneration increases the incidence of cognitive and anxiety-depressive impairment, and patients suffering from this ophthalmic pathology need geriatric examination and correction of cognitive and anxiety-depressive impairment. In general, macular degeneration is the leading cause of vision loss in old age and can contribute to the development of cognitive and anxiety-depressive disorders, which are practically unexplored among this contingent.
Abdominal obesity and adipocyte metabolic activity: criteria for "health" and "neutrality"
Authors: Serdyukov Dmitry Yu. , Gordiyenko Alexander V. , Sokolov Daniil A. , Dydyshko Vladislav T. , Zhirkov Igor I.
Published: July 2021

The last decades of the late 20th and early 21st centuries have seen a rapid growth of non-infectious diseases such as abdominal obesity, prehypertension, hypertension, diabetes mellitus type 2. According to official data, preobesity is diagnosed in 40.1% of the adult population of Russia; 21.6% of Russians are obese; and only 36.3% of our fellow citizens have normal body weight. The combination of obesity, hypertension, diabetes mellitus type 2 and atherogenic dyslipidemia are the criteria for metabolic syndrome a proven risk factor for progression and complicated course of cardiovascular disease. The scientific community is actively discussing about the appropriateness of singling out a group of patients with metabolically healthy obesity and criteria for its diagnosis, but the hormonal activity of adipose tissue is not evaluated. Leptin is involved in the metabolism of glucose and fatty acids, and leptinresistance is an important prognostic marker of the complicated obesity. On the based of our own scientific data results, the concept of metabolically neutral obesity - obesity with normal adipokines activity (leptin concentration 3.5 ng/ml) without signs of insulinresistance was formulated and proposed. It was shown that in this metabolic type of obesity the prevalence of dyslipidemia was 1.7 times, prediabetes 2 times, atherosclerosis of common carotid arteries 1.5 times lower than in metabolically healthy obesity. Determining the level of leptin in uncomplicated obesity allows stratifying patients into groups with normal and increased adipokines activity. The highlighting of the metabolically neutral type of obesity is considered by us to be practically justified, as it allows to determine the stage of the disease at which the frequency of metabolic and cardiovascular disorders is still minimal and non-drug prevention is necessary. Exceeding the threshold of leptin level 3.5 ng/ml in obesity may require a more aggressive lifestyle correction, and possibly an early start to drug therapy.
Tres cartas de Lorenzo Luzuriaga a Manuel Bartolomé Cossío
Authors: Otero Urtaza Eugenio
Published: July 2021

Neste artigo amosanse tres cartas, ata agora inéditas, que Lorenzo Luzuriaga escribiu a Manuel B.Cossío entre 1907 e 1920. Este breve epistolario descobre como se iniciou a relación entre ambos educadores e as impresións que lle produciron a Luzuriaga as súas primeiras viaxes por Europa, así como descobre cales eran as súas inquedanzas políticas, nos tempos previos á fundación da Revista de Pedagogía e a súa adscrición á Liga Internacional de Educación Nova.
Maria Montessori et Célestin Freinet. Voix et voies pour notre école
Authors: Costa Rico Antón
Published: July 2021

A análise de dúas pedagoxías sistémicas de importancia trascendental, realizada mediante un prolongado diálogo entre dous especialistas e atendendo a once asuntos relevantes.
Usage and Knowledge of Technological Advances in a Multi-Cultural Country: The Level of Digitalisation in the UAE, Dubai
Authors: Kariman Somayeh
Published: July 2021

The evolution of significant technological discoveries and the appearance of constantly expanding informationtechnology have pushed mankind from the industrial era into the information and digital era. Nowadays,digitalization has become an extensive global phenomenon and the main driving force in this era of mankind. Inthis research, I would like to investigate and analyse digital knowledge among society. The target for myobservation_ for which I used a digital survey_is the digitalisation of Dubai: a city with constant economic growthand a steady influx of foreign workers.
Documento de enfoque: evaluación del apoyo del BID en el área de seguridad ciudadana y justicia en la región
Authors: Gonzalez Diez Verónica M. , Maqueda Gassos Stephany , Pedraza Lina , Anderson Alonso Anais Maria , De Santis Stefania
Published: July 2021

El Plan de Trabajo para el 2021 de la Oficina de Evaluación y Supervisión (OVE) del Banco Interamericano de Desarrollo (BID) incluyó una evaluación del apoyo del BID en materia de Seguridad Ciudadana y Justicia (SCJ) en la región. Reconociendo el renovado esfuerzo que ha venido realizando el BID para apoyar políticas y programas de gobierno en el sector, y considerando que la inseguridad continúa siendo un problema urgente para el desarrollo y una prioridad para los países miembros del Banco, el Plan de Trabajo (documento RE-551-1) propuso realizar una evaluación que actualizara el trabajo previo de OVE en este tema. La presente evaluación buscará complementar y agregar valor a las evaluaciones anteriores. En este sentido, dado que la evaluación del 2014 reconoció la adecuación y relevancia del abordaje estratégico del BID en el área de SCJ y que este abordaje no ha variado sustancialmente en los últimos años, así como no han cambiado las importantes necesidades de los países en materia de SCJ, esta evaluación se enfocará en la alineación del programa operativo con las áreas de intervención definidas en los documentos estratégicos del Grupo BID en materia de SCJ, en los resultados de las operaciones en cada área de intervención y en la sostenibilidad de los resultados logrados hasta la fecha.
The evolution of federative system of Russia and constitutional-legal fundamentals of Russian federalism
Authors: Frolov Andrey
Published: July 2021

The present article is devolved to the analysis of evolution of federative relationships in Russia between 1990 and 2017 in the context of this process correlation with development of the system of Russian law. The study is based on the search of logic for permanent changes of nature of relationships between center and region, searching for cause-effect relationships of behavior of federal authorities in the bifurcation points. The author distinguishes stages of this process and the features inherent in each stage, analyses historical events and conditions that directly led to the emergence of certain political and law phenomena. The research highlights that the Constitution of Russian Federation is currently unavailable to practically limit the balance between the center and regions; it is showing the main contradictions in the Constitution that directly confirm the ability of the federal center to shift that balance when it's convenient to it, and the ways to resolve these contradictions; the possible consequences of disregarding the necessity to the Constitution to be modified accordingly, are being analyzed.
Diagnostic value of high-frequency ultrasound in carpal tunnel syndrome during pregnancy: A case-control study
Authors: Mirzaasgari Zahra , Haghi-Ashtiani Bahram , Refaiean Farshid , Vahedifard Farzan , Homayooni Amir Sina , Sobhkhiz Mahsa
Published: July 2021

Background: Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is the most prevalent entrapment syndrome in the upper limbs, for which pregnancy is a known risk factor. CTS diagnosis is confirmed via nerve conduction studies (NCSs), which sometimes is expensive, and the electrical stimulation makes it an unpleasant diagnostic modality, especially for pregnant subjects. Recently, high-frequency ultrasonography (HF-USG) is known as a diagnostic method. This study is concerned with determining the diagnostic value of this modality for CTS among pregnant women.
Methods: This cross-sectional case-control study was conducted with 40 CTS cases and 40 matched controls. The HF-USG of wrists was performed bilaterally on all participants with a focus on the median nerve cross-sectional area (MNCSA) at the carpal tunnel (CT) inlet.
Results: Mean MNCSA was statistically different between the CTS group (11.71 ± 1.86 mm2, range: 8 to 18 mm2) and the control group (6.75 ± 1.38 mm2, range: 4 to 11 mm2) (P < 0.001). The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was drawn, and the cross-sectional area (CSA) cut-off point of 8.5 mm2 showed sensitivity and specificity of 98% and 93%, respectively. The positive predictive value (PPV) and the negative predictive value (NPV) were 95% and 98%, respectively, with the mentioned point as the diagnostic threshold.
Conclusion: HF-USG of the median nerve can be utilized as a preferable alternative to NCS (the current gold standard diagnostic method) in pregnant women, due to its convenience and lower cost, or at least, it can be used as a screening tool among pregnant women with suspicious symptoms.
Rapid screening for generalized anxiety disorder in patients with migraine
Authors: Veisy Fatemeh , Farahani Hojjatollah , Togha Mansoureh , Gharaee Banafsheh , Janani Leila , Aghebati Asma
Published: July 2021

Background: Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) often remains undiagnosed in patients with migraine, while comorbidity of GAD with migraine is associated with increased dysfunction and risk of chronic migraine. Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale 7-item (GAD-7) and Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale 2-item (GAD-2) are the commonly employed screening measures for generalized anxiety symptoms in different patient groups. The present study aimed to evaluate psychometric properties of the Persian version of GAD-7 and GAD-2 in migraine.
Methods: In this cross-sectional study, patients were diagnosed with migraine headaches according to the International Classification of Headache Disorders, 3rd edition (ICHD-3); then they participated in the psychiatric diagnostic interview, and filled out GAD-7, GAD-2, Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), Headache Impact Test-6 (HIT-6), and Migraine-Specific Quality of Life Questionnaire version 2.1 (MSQv2.1). The psychometric properties of GAD-7 and GAD-2 were examined using SPSS and LISREL.
Results: Final samples were 186 patients with migraine that 83 patients received a diagnosis of GAD. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) indicated that the one-factor model of GAD-7 fit the data well. Internal consistency, test-retest, and Guttman split-half reliability of GAD-7 and GAD-2 were good. Significant correlation results, average variance extracted (AVE), and composite reliability (CR) supported the construct validity of the GAD-7. A score of ≥ 10 in GAD-7 and ≥ 3 in GAD-2 achieved satisfactory sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV) (GAD-7: 92%, 90%, 88%, and 93%, respectively; GAD-2: 79%, 88%, 71%, and 91%, respectively).
Conclusion: Our findings supported GAD-7 and GAD-2 for assessing GAD in patients with migraine. It seems that GAD-7 and GAD-2 accurately diagnosed GAD in this group of patients.
Trans-septal endoscopic management of transalar transsphenoidal meningoencephalocele in a neglected adult patient with severe visual loss and pituitary dysfunction
Authors: Hajiabadi Mohamadreza , Heroabadi Arash , Tavakolizadeh Sepideh , Amirjamshidi Abbas , Sadrhosseini Seyed Mousa
Published: July 2021

The article's abstract is not available.
Imaging highlights of anterior spinal cord infarction: Owl’s eye sign
Authors: Ramineni Kiran Kumar , Kandraju Sai Satish , Jakkani Ravi Kanth , Alwala Surender
Published: July 2021

The article's abstract is not available.
Experience of Indonesian medical students of ethical issues during their clinical clerkship in a rural setting
Authors: Wicaksono Raditya Bagas , Ferine Miko , Lestari Diyah Woro Dwi , Hidayah Arfi Nurul , Muhaimin Amalia
Published: July 2021

Although ethics is an essential part of medical education, little attention has been paid to ethics education during the clerkship phase, where medical students observe how physicians make decisions regarding various ethical problems. Specific nuances and cultural contexts such as working in a rural setting can determine ethical issues raised. This phenomenology study aimed to explore ethical issues experienced by Indonesian students during clinical clerkship in a rural setting. In-depth interviews were used to explore students’ experiences. Participants were ten students, selected on gender and clerkship year variations. Data saturation was reached after eight interviews, followed by two additional interviews. Thematic analysis was used in this study, and trustworthiness was ensured through data and investigator triangulation, member checking, and audit trail.
Three main themes found in this study were limited facilities and resources, healthcare financing and consent issues, as well as unprofessional behavior of healthcare providers. Many ethical issues related to substandard care were associated to limited resources and complexities within the healthcare system in the rural setting. Early exposure to recurrent ethical problems in healthcare can help students prepare for their future career as a physician in a rural setting.
Depression and Anxiety in Patients with Chronic Renal Failure Undergoing Hemodialysis
Authors: Shahraki Elham , Shakiba Mansoor , Ghasemi-Aliabadi Seyedeh Yasaman
Published: July 2021

Background: Chronic renal failure is a disabling condition with multiple complication such as depression and anxiety; they are common in hemodialysis patients and have negatively effect on quality of life. In this study we investigate the prevalence of depression and anxiety in Zahedan hemodialysis patients.
Methods: A total 200 patients undergoing regular hemodialysis for more than six months included in this descriptive cross-sectional study. After consent The Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression and anxiety (HAM-D7) in a version translated into and adapted to Persian, were used.
Results: The patients median age was (43.06 ± 16.11) years and 38.5% was male. Mild depression was observed in (15) 7.5%, moderate in (81) 40.5% and sever depression in (104) 52% of patients. In this study 19.5% (39) of patients has moderate anxiety and 80.5% (161) patients with sever anxiety. A significant correlation was found between duration of dialysis, older age and depression. But there wasn’t any relationship between age and duration of dialysis with anxiety. Anxiety and depression found without any significant differences in both males and females.
Conclusion: We found high level of depression an anxiety in Zahedan hemodialysis patients.
Evaluation and Analysis of Risk Factors in FMEA Welding Workshops in Zabol City
Authors: Ghaljahi Maryam , Najjari Farideh
Published: July 2021

Background: Welding process is classified as one of the most widespread and widely used activities in industrial environments. Welding is one of the risky professions and the workers working in this sector are exposed to many risks. Identifying and evaluating the existing risks and managing them plays an important role in maintaining the health of workers and making their work environment healthier. The purpose of this study was to identify and evaluate the hazards caused by the use of devices in the welding process using the FMEA method in welding workshops in Zabol in 2021.
Methods: This cross-sectional analytical study was performed on 77 welding workshops in Zabol. In this study, in the first step, the main risks in welding workshops were identified and based on FMEA logic, for each risk caused by the machines, three indicators of severity, probability and vulnerability were identified. Specified. Then the prioritization criterion was determined and based on the number obtained from the RPN index, the risks were prioritized.
Results: The findings of this study showed that in terms of risk priority in welding workshops, the highest risk priority number (RPN) with 175 is related to welding pliers (and heating of the handle due to loss of handle insulation) and drill (breaking the drill due to use Improper drill and high pressure to the machine) and the lowest risk priority number (RPN) with a value of 12 related to the millstone handle (wasting of the screw connecting the handle to the body due to lack of timely service). The results also showed that the risk priority factor various factors affecting the severity of the hazard, including: breaking the saw blade, burning the welding lathe and hitting the pliers by hand in the welding machine also had high relative priorities.
Conclusion: The results showed that based on the number of risks, a scheduled and regular schedule by labor inspectors and health centers and other related organizations to implement engineering control measures including control of chemical, physical, safety and ergonomic factors in the environment of welding workshops. Educate the employers of the workshops to get acquainted with the provisions of the labor law in welding and observe the mandatory laws, the need to use personal protective equipment, to be included in the list of strategic and practical programs.
Визуализация научной статьи как предпосылка формирования методической компетенции будущих учителей иностранного языка
Authors: Биркун Людмила Викторовна , Пономарева Вера Анатольевна , Маримонская Любовь Андреевна , Ляшенко Лариса Васильевна
Published: July 2021

Проблема формирования методической компетентности будущих учителей в разных ее аспектах и для разной целевой аудитории была предметом обсуждения во многочисленных методических исследованиях. Различные методики формирования методической компетентности сосредотачиваются на выделении ее основных компонентов или составляющих для дифференциации целей, задач, принципов, способов, этапов получения знаний и выработки навыков, умений, стратегий. Роль визуализации научной статьи как средства формирования методической компетентности до сих пор не была предметом исследования, результаты которого были бы описаны в доступных авторам публикациях. Целью данной работы было выяснение того, какую роль может играть визуализация научной статьи в формировании методической компетентности будущих учителей иностранного языка. Для этого был проведен анализ определений методической компетентности, с учетом нашего теоретико-практического опыта проведения лекций и семинаров на основе студенческих визуализаций научно-методического текста. Рабочей гипотезой данного исследования, в связи с многолетним практическим опытом, было утверждение, что для формирования методической компетентности можно использовать визуализацию научных статей. Основным ориентиром здесь было понимание того, что оптимальные результаты будут получены, если студенческие визуализации научной статьи будут включены в контекст теоретического образования и методического языкового развития будущих учителей. Материалом исследования стали определения методической компетентности и структурно-содержательные составляющие научно-методической статьи, а также графические средства визуализации.

Исследованный материал дает нам возможность приоритизировать терминологическую компетентность как тот компонент методической компетентности, который можно успешно формировать с помощью визуализации научно-методической статьи путем моделирования грамотной последовательности схематически-табличной наглядности, имитирующей процессы восприятия научного текста и порождения на его основе методических рассуждений.

Для того, чтобы процесс формирования методической компетентности становился интегрированным, с относительно одновременным развитием ее остальных компонентов, возникает необходимость его включения в групповое джигсо-лекционирование.
Ілюстрацыйны параметр у лінгвістычнай тэрмінаграфіі
Authors: Дзятко Дзмітрый
Published: July 2021

Мэта артыкула − на матэрыяле тлумачальных слоўнікаў лінгвістычных тэрмінаў прааналізаваць канстытуцыйна-кантэнтныя асаблівасці ілюстрацыйнага параметра ў структуры слоўнікавага артыкула. Праблема вывучаецца ў чатырох аспектах: ступень даследаванасці ілюстрацыйнага параметра ў лінгвістыцы; фактары, якія ўплываюць на аб’eм і характар ілюстрацый у слоўніках; спосабы ўключэння ілюстрацый у структуру слоўнікавага артыкула; тыпы ілюстрацый, якія выкарыстоўваюцца ў метатэрмінаграфіі. Ілюстрацыі ў лексікаграфіі ў цэлым і ў тэрмінаграфіі ў прыватнасці дастаткова важныя, паколькі дазваляюць: канцэптуальна дапоўніць інфармацыю ў дэфініцыі; прадэманстраваць характар кантэксту, у якім можа выступаць рэестравае слова; адрозніць адно значэнне ад другога; ідэнтыфікаваць разнастайныя граматычныя мадэлі і вызначыць сферу тыповых спалучэнняў; акрэсліць сферу выкарыстання рэестравай адзінкі і інш.
Мир в зеркале Словаря моды
Authors: Кравцова Людмила
Published: July 2021

В статье рассматривается вопрос о языке вестиментарной моды, ставшей сравнительно недавно объектом интереса лингвистов, занимающихся языком и дискурсом текстов о моде. Автор, в отличие от предыдущих лингвистических исследований, предлагает лингвокультурологический анализ лексикона моды. Цель исследования заключается в реконструкции определенного фрагмента картины мира, отраженного в Словаре моды, являющегося приложением к Электронной энциклопедии моды. Объектом исследования является группа слов со значением институтов моды. В результате исследования были выделены дифференциальные признаки, посредством которых можно описать устройство модного бизнеса. Автор на основе выделенных признаков приходит к выводу, что Словарь моды отражает социальную дифференциацию общества.
Стратегии перевода: средство самопрезентации автора научной публикации?
Authors: Милевич Инга
Published: July 2021

Статья посвящена одному из дискуссионных терминов современного переводоведения – cтратегии перевода. Типологии стратегий перевода отличаются принципами их выделения и обоснования. В статье анализируется 325 научных статей электронной библиотеки Cyberleninka, содержащих сочетание стратегия + перевод. Результаты анализа показали, что в научных статьях понятие стратегии перевода часто используется в аннотации/ключевых словах научной статьи, но в то же время никак не определяется в самом тексте статьи. В таком случае возможно предположить, что использование понятие стратегии перевода продиктовано соображениями самопрезентации автора научной статьи.
Лексические средства семантики невыразимого в современном газетном дискурсе
Authors: Немич Наталья
Published: July 2021

В статье рассматриваются лексические средства семантики невыразимого. Невыразимое – это функционально-семантическая категория русского языка, которая служит для передачи невозможности выразить участниками речи объект речи. Динамичное развитие печатных средств массовой информации оказывает огромное влияние на процесс производства и распространения газетных текстов. Актуальность нашего исследования обусловлена тем, что тексты газет являются сегодня одной из самых распространeнных форм бытования языка. В современном газетном дискурсе усилилась активная оценочно-воздействующая направленность. Сегодня можно говорить об особой прагматической интенсивности газетного текста, его насыщенности. Одной из смысловых составляющих интенсивности является семантика невыразимого, которая и вызывает интерес. Цель статьи – выявление бытования семантики невыразимого в современных газетных текстах. Принимая во внимание богатый потенциал газетного дискурса как сферы, продуцирующей всe новые приeмы реализации категории образности, полагаем, что изучение семантических и функциональных свойств невыразимого является актуальной научной задачей. В современном газетном дискурсе авторами используются понятия «невыразимое» и его лексико-семантическая группа как критерий невозможности выразить словами. В текстах газет семантика невыразимого выражается широким набором лексических средств: это имена прилагательные с приставкой, передающей семантику отрицания, лишения (невыразимый, непередаваемый, неописуемый, неизречeнный и др.), их дериваты: непередаваемо, несказанно, неописуемо, неизъяснимо и др.; глагольные словосочетания: невозможно выразить (передать, сказать); оксюморон: выразить невыразимое; фразеологические единицы: нет слов (чтобы выразить). Наиболее частотны в современном газетном дискурсе в плане передачи значения невыразимого прилагательные невыразимый, непередаваемый и их дериваты, среднечастотны – наречия, грамматические и лексические варианты фразеологизмов-предложений нет слов, не находить слов, словами не передать и глагольные перифразы с отрицанием не могу выразить, не могу передать словами, сказать не могу.
The Ability to Control One's Thoughts Alleviates the Adverse Effects of Negative Life Events on Depression
Authors: Lu Feng Ying , Yang Wen Jing , Zhang Qing Lin , Qiu Jiang
Published: July 2021

Although negative life events are a risk factor for developing depression, cognitive control can help maintain one's mental health. However, whether thought-control ability (TCA) can alleviate the adverse effects of negative life events on depression is unclear. Therefore, two studies were conducted to test if it does, by having participant's complete measures of negative life events, TCA, and depression. Study 1, which included 140 healthy young adults, showed TCA mediated the relationship between negative life events and depressive symptoms, and that TCA also moderated the relationship between negative life events and depressive symptoms. Study 2 recruited patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) to test whether the findings could be generalized to individuals with MDD. Study 2 found TCA also mediated the relationship between negative life events and symptoms of MDD. Suggesting that improving the ability to control negative thoughts in daily life help maintain mental health and prevent depressive symptoms.
Low Estradiol May Not Impede Cognitive Restructuring in Women With Anxiety Disorders
Authors: Levy Hannah C. , Jean Anishka , Ching Terence H. W. , Nett Alyssa , Mullins Jessica , Tolin David F.
Published: July 2021

Prior research suggests that estradiol may moderate fear extinction in animal models and humans. Based on these findings, estradiol may also moderate cognitive reappraisal, which is theorized to be an important mechanism of change in extinction-based therapy (exposure therapy). We compared cognitive restructuring (CR) skills acquisition and outcome between women with primary anxiety disorders who had high versus low estradiol using a standardized CR task that closely resembles clinical practice. As a proxy of CR outcome, we assessed subjective distress ratings before and after the task and psychophysiological arousal (heart rate and electrodermal activity) throughout the task. Contrary to predictions, results showed that CR skills acquisition and outcome did not differ between the high and low estradiol groups. Although both groups demonstrated reductions in negative affect and skin conductance responses during the CR task, suggesting that participants were able to acquire CR skills and use them effectively to regulate distress, the groups did not differ with respect to CR ability or outcome. The findings suggest that estradiol may not moderate cognitive reappraisal, and may have more of an effect on basic habituation and extinction processes instead.
PUT DO MRAČNE STRANE POSLA:
Authors: Ružojčić Mitja
Published: July 2021

Nepoželjna organizacijska ponašanja (NOP) štetna su ponašanja koja donose milijunske gubitke organizacijama, a ujedno škode psihološkoj dobrobiti i produktivnosti zaposlenika. Ličnost je jedna od glavnih determinanti NOP-a, no istraživanja odnosa ličnosti i NOP-a uglavnom su se fokusirala na svjesni aspekt ličnosti, tzv. eksplicitnu ličnosti i tek su u manjem broju razmatrala psihološke mehanizme putem kojih ličnost djeluje na NOP. Ovaj rad uključuje pregled istraživanja odnosa ličnosti i NOP-a pri čemu, u odnosu na ranije preglede, razmatra i kako nesvjesni aspekti ličnosti (tzv. implicitna ličnost) mogu pomoći u objašnjavanju NOP-a. U radu se fokusiram se na dvije metode koje pokazuju najveći potencijal za predviđanje radnog ponašanja – Test uvjetovanog rezoniranja i Test implicitnih asocijacija. Nakon toga, razmatram psihološke mehanizme putem kojih eksplicitna i implicitna ličnost djeluju na NOP, koristeći stavove prema poslu i organizaciji i emocije na radnom mjestu kao varijable koje objašnjavaju odnos ličnosti i NOP-a. Konačno, na temelju pregleda istraživanja odnosa ličnosti, stavova, emocija i NOP-a, razvijam teoretski model odnosa ove četiri varijable, koji olakšava razumijevanje složenih psiholoških mehanizama putem kojih implicitna i eksplicitna ličnost dovode do NOP-a.
MUSIC AS A TOOL FOR MOOD REGULATION: THE ROLE OF ABSORPTION VS. MINDFULNESS
Authors: Kalebić Jakupčević Katija , Reić Ercegovac Ina , Dobrota Snježana
Published: July 2021

The aim of this research was to determine the relationship between mindfulness, absorption in music, and emotion regulation through music in people who have different tastes in music. The research started from the assumption that absorption in music means the possibility of deep “absorption” in musical experience and thus a greater possibility of emotion regulation through music. In contrast to absorption, mindfulness as full awareness of the current moment or a state of consciousness in which attention is intentionally focused on one’s own experiences (bodily sensations, senses, thoughts, or emotions) could make it difficult to indulge in a musical experience. In order to test these assumptions, a study was conducted on 252 participants in late adolescence and young adulthood age who, in addition to using instruments designed to examine absorption in music, mindfulness, and emotion regulation through music, assessed their musical taste. The results showed a positive correlation between the preferences for different music styles and absorption in music, as well as between absorption in music and different strategies for regulating emotions through music. Mindfulness, on the other hand, proved to be negatively correlated with both absorption in music and most strategies for regulating mood through music. Conducted regression analyses showed that in addition to controlling musical taste, absorption in music is a positive predictor of all emotion regulation strategies, while mindfulness is a negative predictor of discharging negative emotions and forgetting unwanted thoughts and feelings through music.
Sobre a atualidade de uma categoria estética
Authors: Lasch Markus
Published: July 2021

Partindo dos pensamentos de Theodor W. Adorno, Peter Szondi e Christoph Menke, o artigo reflete sobre a atualidade da categoria estética do trágico, considerando a aparente hibernação da práxis literária trágica, uma possível continuidade na perspectiva teórico-crítica, assim como a correlação entre esses dois aspectos.
Negritude e criação como devir no pós-colonialismo, segundo de Souleymane Bachir Diagne
Authors: Mata Larissa Costa da
Published: July 2021

Este texto visa a apresentar o livro do filósofo senegalês Souleymane Bachir Diagne Bergson pós-colonial (2018), no qual investiga como a duração, o vitalismo e a intuição do autor de Matéria e memória levaram dois intelectuais distintos, Léopold Sédar Senghor e Muhammad Iqbal, a rever a identidade como uma categoria fixa e o Islã como uma religião estagnada, respectivamente. Estadista e poeta, o senegalês Senghor propôs uma perspectiva da negritude como questão em aberto, formulada pela práxis, e da arte africana como força telúrica e dionisíaca. Por sua vez, o indiano Iqbal combinou o conhecimento do Corão com a filosofia ocidental para sugerir uma cosmologia em processo contínuo de transformação e a partilha da atividade criadora entre o homem e a divindade.
O argumento da simulação e seu caldo de cultura
Authors: Suppía Alfredo
Published: July 2021

Este trabalho propõe uma revisão do argumento da simulação de Nick Bostrom, sob uma perspectiva cultural e multimidiática, a fim de discutir eventuais influências culturais e ideológicas no desenvolvimento do argumento original. Também consideraremos críticas ou contra-argumentos propostos por outros autores que já discutiram esse assunto. Em suma, partimos da hipótese de que todo o argumento de Bostrom está tão contaminado por um “caldo de cultura” (midiático, metafísico, político e econômico), que é difícil confirmar o distanciamento que se espera de uma reflexão filosófica de tal monta. Em outras palavras, nos perguntamos se o argumento de Bostrom aparece como um subproduto de tal “caldo de cultura”, se surge como mais uma manifestação superestrutural na esteira do sistema de produção pós-industrial de extrema acumulação de capital financeiro.
Pós-autonomia e crítica menor
Authors: Alves Wanderlan
Published: July 2021

Como possibilidade para a crítica, a noção de pós-autonomia desenvolvida por Ludmer (2006; 2010) pretende questionar práticas, parâmetros e valores institucionais e acadêmicos para o literário. Paradoxalmente, uma crítica pós-autônoma precisará instalar-se à margem da instituição literária se quiser promover uma leitura crítica das institucionalizações do literário. Caso se integre acriticamente a esse universo que se propõe questionar, suas hipóteses acerca da pós-autonomia correm o risco de “cair num vazio de sentido” que as reduziria a mera performance ou espetáculo. Em meio a esse contexto, discutimos a crítica “menor” como política alternativa para a perspectiva pós-autônoma da literatura e dos estudos literários atuais.
Onde o signo se dissolve na sombra
Authors: Bonaiuti Gianluca
Published: July 2021

A definição da forma literária é a chave de acesso à estética de Adorno. Adorno tem uma concepção literária da arte, com um profundo significado humanista. As condições desta definição dependem da estrutura midiática da sociedade da qual ela trata. As estéticas atuais não são mais conduzidas pelo mesmo esforço, uma vez que as condições midiáticas mudaram. É possível entender isso se observarmos o desenvolvimento das diferentes filosofias da arte contemporânea. Mas é igualmente possível, se descrevermos o estilo de escrita do filósofo alemão contemporâneo Peter Sloterdijk, cuja forma narrativa de construção de teoria é tanto um legado original da estética de Adorno, quanto uma transformação de sua missão crítica.
Consumption of a high-fat-high-sucrose diet partly diminishes mechanical and structural adaptations of cardiac muscle following resistance training
Authors: Boldt Kevin , Mattiello Stela , Joumaa Venus , Turnbull Jeannine , Fedak Paul W.M. , Herzog Walter
Published: July 2021

[Purpose] The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of a high-fat high-sucrose (HFHS) diet on previously reported adaptations of cardiac morphological and contractile properties to resistance training.[Methods] Twelve-week-old rats participated in 12-weeks of resistance exercise training and consumed an HFHS diet. Echocardiography and skinned cardiac muscle fiber bundle testing were performed to determine the structural and mechanical adaptations.[Results] Compared to chow-fed sedentary animals, both HFHS- and chow-fed resistance-trained animals had thicker left ventricular walls. Isolated trabecular fiber bundles from chow-fed resistance-trained animals had greater force output, shortening velocities, and calcium sensitivities than those of chow-fed sedentary controls. However, trabeculae from the HFHS resistance-trained animals had greater force output but no change in unloaded shortening velocity or calcium sensitivity than those of the chow-fed sedentary group animals.[Conclusion] Resistance exercise training led to positive structural and mechanical adaptations of the heart, which were partly offset by the HFHS diet.
Effect of ginger extract ingestion on skeletal muscle glycogen contents and endurance exercise in male rats
Authors: Hattori Satoshi , Omi Naomi , Yang Zhou , Nakamura Moeka , Ikemoto Masahiro
Published: July 2021

[Purpose] Skeletal muscle glycogen is a determinant of endurance capacity for some athletes. Ginger is well known to possess nutritional effects, such as anti-diabetic effects. We hypothesized that ginger extract (GE) ingestion increases skeletal muscle glycogen by enhancing fat oxidation. Thus, we investigated the effect of GE ingestion on exercise capacity, skeletal muscle glycogen, and certain blood metabolites in exercised rats. [Methods] First, we evaluated the influence of GE ingestion on body weight and elevation of exercise performance in rats fed with different volumes of GE. Next, we measured the skeletal muscle glycogen content and free fatty acid (FFA) levels in GE-fed rats. Finally, we demonstrated that GE ingestion contributes to endurance capacity during intermittent exercise to exhaustion. [Results] We confirmed that GE ingestion increased exercise performance (p<0.05) and elevated the skeletal muscle glycogen content compared to the non- GE-fed (CE, control exercise) group before exercise (Soleus: p<0.01, Plantaris: p<0.01, Gastrocnemius: p<0.05). Blood FFA levels in the GE group were significantly higher than those in the CE group after exercise (p<0.05). Moreover, we demonstrated that exercise capacity was maintained in the CE group during intermittent exercise (p<0.05). [Conclusion] These findings indicate that GE ingestion increases skeletal muscle glycogen content and exercise performance through the upregulation of fat oxidation.
Vitamin D in athletes: focus on physical performance and musculoskeletal injuries
Authors: Yoon Sewoon , Kwon Ohkyu , Kim Jooyoung
Published: July 2021

[Purpose] The aim of this review was to discuss the effects of vitamin D on physical performance and musculoskeletal injuries in athletes and provide information on the field applications of vitamin D. [Methods] A systematic review was conducted to identify studies on vitamin D in athletes that assessed serum vitamin D levels, vitamin D and physical performance, vitamin D and musculoskeletal injuries, and practical guidelines for supplementation of vitamin D. [Results] Several studies reported that a high proportion of athletes had vitamin D insufficiency or deficiency. Low serum levels of vitamin D in athletes were more pronounced in winter than in other seasons, and indoor athletes had lower serum vitamin D levels than outdoor athletes. Low vitamin D levels have been demonstrated to have negative effects on muscle strength, power, and endurance; increase stress fractures and other musculoskeletal injuries; and affect acute muscle injuries and inflammation following high-intensity exercises. Therefore, periodic assessment and monitoring of vitamin D levels are necessary in athletes; the recommended serum level of 25(OH)D is > 32 ng/mL and the preferred level is > 40 ng/mL (-1). In those with low levels of vitamin D, exposure to sunlight and an improved diet or supplements may be helpful. Particularly, 2000–6000 IU of supplemental vitamin D3 can be consumed daily. [Conclusion] Vitamin D is a potential nutritional factor that can significantly affect physical performance and musculoskeletal injuries in athletes. The importance and role of vitamin D in athletes should be emphasized, and the current levels of vitamin D should be assessed. Therefore, it is essential to periodically evaluate and monitor serum vitamin D levels in athletes.
Recent updates on leishmaniasis: Kala-azar outbreak, risk factors and herbal treatment
Authors: Malabadi Ravindra B. , Kolkar Kiran P. , Meti Neelambika T. , Chalannavar Raju K.
Published: July 2021

Leishmaniasis is one of the infectious neglected tropical diseases caused by a protozoan parasite vector of genus Leishmania which is transmitted to humans through an infected blood-sucking sandfly. Leishmaniasis is prevalent in tropical and temperate regions of world which is fatal and life threatening if ignored and untreated. The current outbreak of coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) disease (Covid-19) with Kala Azar fever followed by mucormycosis is major health issue killing many people in India. Leishmaniasis is transmitted through the bite of female sand flies infected with the protozoan. Kala Azar is a hyper endemic tropical disease for which no vaccine has been approved yet. However, many drugs that are available for the treatment of Leishmaniasis diseases possess serious side effects and drugs are active only in the acute phase of the disease Kala Azar. Another major limitation of existing drugs are severe toxicity with side effects and drug resistance. The emergence of drug resistance has created the main hindrance for Kala Azar control with one critical target in the state of Bihar in India. Therefore, there is an urgent need to search for cheaper, more effective, easily available and less toxic chemotherapeutic agents for combating Leishmaniasis. Therefore, herbal medicines without any side effects play an important role in controlling human health disorders and infectious diseases, Leishmaniasis (Kala Azar). This review paper presents current updates of three different clinical syndromes of leishmaniases disease, control measures, risks and herbal medicine treatment strategies.