bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Level of satisfaction with the results of science and technology processes in the context of medical education
Authors: Herrera Masó Juan Rubén , Lardoeyt Ferrer Roberto
Published: October 2024

Introduction: The Science, Technology and Innovation System constitutes the organizational form to implement the scientific and technological policy in the health sector in accordance with the economic and social development strategy of Cuba.Objective: to evaluate the level of satisfaction regarding the results of the science and technology processes, as part of one of the prioritized lines of research of the Vice-Rectorate of Teaching and Research of the University of Medical Sciences of Havana, Cuba.Methods: descriptive, cross-sectional, and instrumental observational study with a quantitative approach. The study involved 31 research managers who were given a questionnaire consisting of three closed questions and two open questions following the guidelines of the Iadov technique; the analysis of the answers allowed obtaining indirect information on the level of individual and group satisfaction of the participants. Results: The overall group satisfaction index is 0.645 (acceptable), although it is higher in the Science and Technology Entities (IG=0.710) than in the Medical Sciences Faculties (0.625).Conclusions: The results of the research indicate an acceptable but insufficient level of individual and group satisfaction, although higher in the Science, Technology and Innovation Entities than in the faculties. The projects, categorization and scientific publications of the university's medical potential are the main concerns of the managers
Student perception of the problem-based learning (PBL) method in the Medical Genetics subject at a Cuban medical university
Authors: Lardoeyt Ferrer Roberto , Domínguez Méndez Maritza , Quesada Soto Zulema , Gómez Zabala Zaida , Araujo Teixeira Manoel , Alfonso Díaz Keny
Published: October 2024

Introduction: Problem-based learning (PBL) is characterized by the fact that the new content presented to the student is in the form of problematic situations that simulate future professional performance.Objective: to analyze from the student perception the possible advantages of the PBL method versus the traditional teaching-learning method in a topic of the medical genetics subject in the 2023-2024 academic year at a Cuban university.Methods: A quasi-experimental study of a cross-sectional strategy with an equivalent parallel group design with only post-intervention measurements was carried out on a randomized sample of 78 students, 39 were part of the control group and 39 of the experimental group.Results: Regarding the perception that the students had regarding the 20 items related to the PEA received, significant differences were obtained in 16 in favor of the PBL method. Only in four were the expected differences not shown. The abstract nature of the content without any link to social practice (Traditional method 23.1% vs PBL 12.8%, p=0.06); the leading role of the student in self-management of knowledge (Traditional method 43.6% vs PBL 56.4%, p=0.22); solidarity and responsibility (Traditional method 41.0% vs PBL 64.1%, p=0.05); and the interrelation of genetics with other previously received methods (Traditional method 30.8% vs PBL 25.6%, p=0.22) are the variables that did not exceed expectations.Conclusions: The advantages of the PBL method in relation to the traditional method are evident, however, it is necessary to perfect the strategy
Construction of user experience model iniImmersive virtual environment based on ontology
Authors: Zhang Kuan , Guo Yan , Wang Yuming , Cai Pengyu , Pan Younghwan
Published: October 2024

With the rapid development of virtual immersion technology, immersive virtual environment (IVE) has shown its unique application potential in many fields. The purpose of this study is to explore and construct a user experience model in immersive virtual environment based on ontological theory. The key factors affecting user experience include sensory experience, interaction control, distraction factors, realism perception, ownership, motion control and location. Environmental dimension and physical dimension are the two core aspects of user experience. Sensory experience and sense of ownership have a significant positive impact on users' sense of existence in a specific environment, while control dimension, sensory dimension and realism dimension play an important role in enhancing users' sense of ontology. The different dimensions of the sense of ontology have a significant positive impact on the user's sense of immersion and presence, which verifies the central role of the sense of ontology in enhancing the user's immersion experience. We look forward to further enhancing the user's immersion experience and promoting the application of immersive virtual environment in a wider range of fields
Aspects of effective communication (european experience): digital, informational, and sociolinguistic dimensions
Authors: Mialkovska Liudmyla , Cherneta Svitlana , Zabiiaka Iryna , Maiboroda Oksana , Silvestrova Oksana
Published: October 2024

Introduction: The modern era of digital technologies and globalization has brought about significant transformations in communication methods. This article explores how digital, informational, and sociolinguistic dimensions influence the processes of effective communication, focusing particularly on European experiences.Objective: The objective of this study is to analyze the impact of digital transformation, information transparency, linguistic diversity, and cultural adaptation on effective communication in modern European society. The research aims to uncover both the benefits and challenges posed by these factors in the context of communication processes.Methods: This research employed a theoretical approach, synthesizing a wide range of literature and conducting psychological and sociolinguistic analyses. Comparative methods were used to assess different strategies of communication in European contexts, while particular attention was paid to understanding how digitalization and sociolinguistic factors interact.Results: The findings suggest that digitalization enhances accessibility and the speed of communication but introduces challenges, such as the digital divide and data protection issues. Information transparency and accessibility have been identified as crucial in building trust and ensuring the effective exchange of information. Moreover, sociolinguistic factors, especially cultural and language adaptation, have proven essential for effective intercultural communication in Europe.Conclusions: The study concludes that successful communication strategies must incorporate digital, informational, and sociolinguistic aspects, particularly in multilingual and culturally diverse contexts. Awareness and adaptation to cultural norms and linguistic nuances are vital for creating more effective communication practices in both international and local interactions. Practical recommendations include focusing on cultural sensitivity and data transparency to further enhance communication processes
Research methods in cultural studies
Authors: Polishchuk Liudmyla , Hubernator Olena , Volodymyr Pylypiv Volodymyr Pylypiv , Shvets Iryna , Kabanets Oleksandr
Published: October 2024

Introduction: The  issue of using research methods in cultural studies is a key factor in the analysis of cultural phenomena and processes. Contemporary approaches include hermeneutics, structuralism, semiotics, ethnographic, comparative, phenomenological, sociological, and psychoanalytic methods. Each of them provides unique tools for cultural research.Objective: The  purpose of the study is to analyze the effectiveness of various research methods in cultural studies and to identify their advantages and disadvantages in the conditions of modern challenges. The  research methodology involves the analysis of the structural components of cultural studies and the possibility of applying variable methods for their identification.Methods: The research sample consists of a set of methods: hermeneutics, structuralism, semiotics, ethnographic, comparative, phenomenological, sociological and psychoanalytical.  The article examines the practices of applying methods for the interpretation of cultural texts, the analysis of structural elements of cultural systems. Results: Results of the study emphasize the importance of the integration of interdisciplinary approaches and modern technologies to increase the effectiveness of cultural studies. The conclusions of the study indicates the need to adapt traditional methodological approaches to the conditions of globalization and cultural hybridization. Prospects for further research are aimed at the development of new methodological tools and the use of modern technologies for data collection and analysis. Special attention should be paid to international cooperation and exchange of experience between researchers for the development of global cultural knowledge.Conclusions: Research methods in cultural studies are crucial for a comprehensive understanding of cultural phenomena, but they face challenges such as subjectivity in interpretation, necessitating improved methodologies and interdisciplinary cooperation
Evaluation of the Effects of a Neurotransmitter on the Action Potential Parameters in Lumbricus Terrestris
Authors: Park Rebecca
Published: October 2024

Background of the Study: Action potentials (APs) are crucial for transmitting electrical signals in neurons. They are influenced by the balance of ions across the membrane and the permeability of sodium and potassium channels.  Acetylcholine (ACh) affects neural activity, but its specific impact on AP parameters needs to be understood, mainly when administered near the ventral nerve area.
Aim: This study investigated the effects of acetylcholine on action potential parameters in L. terrestris, focusing on changes in response time, peak point, valley point, and wave width of AP evoked by electrical stimulation.
Methodology: The L. terrestris were placed on electrode arrays of the data acquisition system to record APs in their ventral nerve under 90 mV electrical stimulation.  Baseline recordings were taken, followed by the administration of ACh near the ventral nerve cord.  The resulting changes in AP parameters were analyzed to assess the impact of these substances on neural conduction.
Conclusions: Acetylcholine increased the response time and peak amplitude of action potentials, while wave width and valley point were not dependent on the amount of Ach volume injected.  Further clinical or in-vitro studies might be needed to improve our system understanding.
Therapeutic Efficacy and Molecular Docking Analysis of Plant Extracts Against Urinary Tract Infection Pathogens
Authors: Madhiyazhagan Pavithra , Venkat S , Perumal Sarath , Gunasekaran Shoba
Published: October 2024

Plants contain numerous bioactive constituents that make them collectively very important and useful; the vast application of herbs brought many questions concerning their quality, safety, and effectiveness. The present study was designed to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of Tinospora cordifolia, Annona squamosa, and Punica granatum using petroleum ether, methanol, and chloroform extracts. For this purpose, 25 microbial samples isolated from different sources have been utilized. Antibacterial activity was measured by the agar well diffusion method and minimum inhibitory concentration. The methanol extract of all three plants was equally effective against Urinary Tract Infection causing pathogens. The plant extracts of Annona squamosa was found to be effective in our anti-microbial and anti-fungal assays exhibiting the maximum zone of inhibition among the plants taken. To move further, molecular interaction analysis is crucial for structure-based drug design as it predicts the binding of proteins and ligands. An insilico approach was employed to investigate the molecular interactions of six plant compounds with Ibestrophin, a pathogenic protein found in Klebsiella pneumoniae that causes UTI. Annona squamosa plant extract offers a natural alternative to conventional antimicrobial therapy for controlling UTI ailments, reducing health hazards and drug resistance.
Penguatan Peran Komunitas Kesejahteraan Masyarakat Aceh Pesisir (KMAP) dalam Bidang Pendidikan, Ekonomi, Sosial Keagamaan, dan Politik di Aceh Tengah
Authors: Abdussyukur Abdussyukur , Harun Ihsan , Ansor Ansor , Ramadan Ramadan
Published: October 2024

Pengabdian ini bertujuan untuk menguatkan peran komunitas Kesejahteraan Masyarakat Aceh Pesisir (KMAP) dalam  bidang pendidikan, ekonomi, sosial dan politik di Aceh Tengah, di tengah asumsi bahwa masyarakat pendatang terkesan bersikap eksklusif. Padahal, Masyarakat KMAP banyak bekerja dan berkontribusi dalam berbagai bidang. Pengabdian ini menggunakan metode PAR (Participatory Action Research), dengan beberapa tahapan. Pemetaan awal tentang inklusifitas komunitas, membangun komunikasi dan kepercayaan dengan komunitas, penentuan agenda untuk perubahan sosial, pemetaan partisipatif, merumuskan masalah, menyusun strategi gerakan, menentukan pihak yang terlibat (stakeholders), dan merumuskan kemungkinan keberhasilan yang direncanakan, melakukan aksi perubahan. Pada tahap ini dilakukan aksi membersamai kelompok-kelompok kecil komunitas dalam bidang pendidikan, ekonomi, sosial keagamaan dan politik dalam rangka penguatan pemahaman inklusifitas kelompok komunitas Kesejahteraan Masyarakat Aceh Pesisir (KMAP) di Aceh Tengah. Terakhir, monitoring dan evaluasi program terhadap aksi yang dilakukan. Secara hirarkis, pengabdian ini dilakukan dengan wawancara sebagai basis data pengabdian, melakukan FGD untuk meningkatkan pemahaman inklusifitas peran komunitas, pendampingan komunitas, dan evaluasi. Hasilnya, komunitas dampingan memiliki pemahaman dan kesamaan persepsi tentang inklusifitas peran dalam pembangunan masyarakat dalam bidang pendidikan, ekonomi, sosial keagamaan, dan politik.
INTEGRATING REPETITIVE READING WITH SERVICE LEARNING IN AMELIORATING CRITICAL READING AT A PRIVATE ISLAMIC JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL
Authors: Idami Zahratul , Nazaruddin Nazaruddin , Wati Shafrida , Kurniasy Dessy , Febrian Fadly
Published: October 2024

The Community Service Programme carried out by lecturers and students of the English Language Education Study Programme, Tarbiyah and Teacher Training Faculty of IAIN Langsa aimed to improve the English language skills of the community in the environment around the campus. This activity is carried out in the form of training to find the needs of the participants. In this activity, the intended participants were students of MTS Swasta An-Nur Kota Langsa grade VII that consisted of 11 students. The methods used in this activity included repetitive reading methods with a communicative approach through service-learning activities. The results of this programme showed a significant improvement in the critical reading skills of English narrative text as evidenced by the results of the score analysis with SPSS. The success of this programme not only has a positive impact on the participants, but also provides practical experience for students in applying English learning theory in the field, as well as strengthening the role of lecturers as community servants. The implementation of this programme reflects the institution's commitment to supporting sustainable educational development and contributing to improving the quality of human resources in the community.
Pengembangan Pemberdayaan Masyarakat melalui Program Kuliah Kerja Nyata di Desa Nalon Kecamatan Serbajadi
Authors: Syauki Muhammad , Wahidah Wahidah , Mirna Mirna , Khairunnisa Khairunnisa , Anggraini Dea , Puspita Ade Ayu , Balqis Siti , Indah Fauziah , Maolana Bagas , Hadi Lubis Irda Auliya , Zahra Fatimah , Saputra Wira Aditia , Sahara Hertina , Ryamizar M.
Published: October 2024

Pengembangan masyarakat melalui program Kuliah Kerja Nyata (KKN) di Desa Nalon, Kecamatan Serbajadi, Aceh Timur, merupakan upaya strategis untuk memperkuat kapasitas dan kesejahteraan masyarakat lokal. Program ini dirancang untuk memfasilitasi partisipasi aktif mahasiswa dalam berbagai kegiatan pemberdayaan, seperti pendidikan, kesehatan, ekonomi kreatif, dan pelestarian lingkungan. Metode pada pengabdian ini menggunakan metode service-learning.  Tim pengabdian membantu menggali potensi lokal dan mengatasi tantangan yang dihadapi oleh masyarakat. Hasil dari program ini menunjukkan adanya peningkatan kesadaran dan keterampilan masyarakat dalam bidang-bidang tersebut, yang berdampak pada peningkatan kualitas hidup dan keberlanjutan pembangunan di Desa Nalon. Program KKN ini juga menjadi wadah bagi mahasiswa untuk menerapkan ilmu pengetahuan yang telah diperoleh di bangku kuliah dalam konteks nyata, sekaligus memperkuat hubungan antara perguruan tinggi dan masyarakat.
Recruitment and retention of new doctors in remote and Aboriginal medical services through the Remote Vocational Training Scheme's Targeted Recruitment Strategy: a focus group study
Authors: O'Sullivan Belinda G , Uppal Veeraja , Gurney Ronda , Giddings Patrick
Published: October 2024

Objective

To explore the results of a targeted recruitment strategy designed to attract and retain new doctors in remote and Aboriginal medical services where they can access Remote Vocational Training Scheme (RVTS) training and support to qualify as general practitioners.

Study design

Two 2‐hour purposeful online focus groups on the RVTS’ Targeted Recruitment Strategy.

Setting and participants

Five participants and nine stakeholders with knowledge and experience of the strategy. Data were transcribed and deductively and inductively coded for themes including insights from separate project reference and stakeholder advisory groups.

Main outcomes measures

Perspectives of the strategy.

Results

The overarching theme was that the strategy is useful for attracting and retaining new general practitioners in areas of high need and is potentially scalable. Since 2018, 20 new doctors were recruited via the Targeted Recruitment Strategy and six of them completed the RVTS program. The strategy could better differentiate target locations because increasing communities are experiencing major general practice workforce shortages. The package of employment and training could also be more clearly defined for participants, nationally marketed and collaboratively implemented. Further, more site accreditation and ongoing risk and quality review is needed, along with intense early supports for participants who are new to both the community and general practice work.

Conclusion

The Targeted Recruitment Strategy is still maturing but the early results suggest it is a unique and proactive model for attracting and improving access to general practitioners in places with high needs. It could be strengthened through formal agreements between communities and agencies, ensuring coordinated implementation, clarifying roles and responsibilities, and developing clear pathways for risk and quality management.
Perceived stakeholder benefits of continuously training general practitioners in the same rural or remote practice: interviews exploring the Remote Vocational Training Scheme
Authors: O'Sullivan Belinda G , Giddings Patrick , McGrail Matthew R
Published: October 2024

Objective

Explore stakeholder perspectives of the benefits of continuously training general practitioners in the same rural or remote practice in distributed locations via the Remote Vocational Training Scheme (RVTS).

Design, setting, participants

Online one‐hour semi‐structured interviews were conducted with 27 RVTS staff, participants and supervisors from all states and territories between 16 October and 24 November 2023. Data were deductively and inductively coded by stakeholder type and the range of benefits, and the findings were informed by insights from a project reference group and a stakeholder advisory group. Questions explored the benefits of the RVTS — a program which supports doctors already working in rural, remote and First Nations communities to train towards general practice or rural generalist fellowship while remaining in the same practice.

Main outcomes measures

Perspectives on the nature and spread of benefits.

Results

Broad benefits were perceived to flow to four system‐level stakeholders: communities, health services, participants and policy makers. Perceived participant and community benefits were doctors staying longer in distributed locations with tailored place‐based supports and training, doctors building relationships with patients, and doctors learning through longitudinal care. Health service benefits included reduced reliance on locums, improved continuity of accessible and appropriate services in areas otherwise facing major recruitment and retention issues, and the doctors having more time to contribute to improving service quality and upskilling local staff. Policy‐maker benefits were sustaining safe and high quality services for distributed populations with high needs.

Conclusion

The RVTS model was perceived to offer diverse benefits for different system stakeholders which could improve quality of learning, service delivery and community care. It also aligned with key policy directions for a distributed and sustainable generalist workforce under the goals of the National Medical Workforce Strategy 2021–2031 and the directions set by the independent review of overseas health practitioner regulatory settings led by Robyn Kruk. However, models like the RVTS largely rely on distribution levers to recruit more doctors to the locations it supports.
Brand Equity in Pakistan’s FMCG Sector: The Influence of Employee Engagement, Brand Orientation, CSR, and Organizational Culture
Authors: Raza Syed Ali , Gilani Syeda Anusha , Elahi Muskan , Ahmed Arsalan , Mubahsir Asim
Published: October 2024

This study explores the relationships between employee engagement, brand orientation, and corporate social responsibility (CSR) initiatives in enhancing brand equity in Pakistan's fast-moving consumer goods (FMCG) sector, using organizational culture as a moderator. Grounded in the Resource-Based View (RBV), this research highlights how internal organizational resources can provide sustainable competitive advantages through brand equity. A structured questionnaire was distributed to employees within FMCG firms, and data was analyzed using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). The results demonstrate that employee engagement, brand orientation, and CSR initiatives positively influence brand equity. Additionally, organizational culture significantly moderates the relationship between brand orientation and brand equity, while its moderating impact on employee engagement and CSR initiatives is less pronounced. The study offers valuable theoretical contributions by integrating internal factors within the RBV framework and practical insights for FMCG managers aiming to enhance brand equity. Limitations include the cross-sectional nature of the study and sector-specific focus. Future research should consider longitudinal approaches and explore additional moderating variables across different markets.
Design Architecture Smart Heatsink Laptop untuk Mengatasi Overheat dan Korslet Motherboard
Authors: El fazza Fahri
Published: October 2024

Perkembangan teknologi khususnya di bidang arsitektur komputer berkembang sangat pesat. Peran pendingin menjadi faktor utama dalam mengurangi risiko kerusakan yang pada umumnya terjadi, seperti panas berlebih dan korsleting. Overheat pada laptop dapat menyebabkan laptop mati dan kinerja menjadi lambat. Penyebab terjadinya overheat adalah karena adanya sumbatan udara pada sirip heatsink sehingga udara panas dari processor tidak dapat keluar dari laptop. Sirip heatsink yang masih bersifat statis menjadi akses keluar masuknya debu sehingga menyebabkan penyumbatan. Arsitektur Smart Heatsink Dinamis dapat  membuka dan menutup secara otomatis sehingga laptop dapat terlindungi dari gangguan luar seperti debu dan hewan.
Dampak Pasar Karbon Terhadap Keuangan Perusahaan Dalam Konteks Kebijakan Lingkungan
Authors: Rozi Syukror , Khaddafi Muammar
Published: October 2024

Pasar karbon telah menjadi instrumen kunci dalam upaya global untuk mengurangi emisi gas rumah kaca (GRK) dan mengatasi dampak perubahan iklim. Dengan menerapkan mekanisme seperti cap and trade dan pajak karbon, kebijakan pasar karbon menciptakan insentif ekonomi bagi perusahaan untuk mengurangi emisi mereka secara efisien. Penelitian ini mengadopsi pendekatan kualitatif dengan fokus pada studi kasus beberapa perusahaan di berbagai konteks kebijakan lingkungan. Melalui wawancara mendalam dengan pengambil keputusan kunci dan analisis dokumen internal, penelitian ini mengeksplorasi bagaimana pasar karbon mempengaruhi strategi keuangan jangka panjang perusahaan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perusahaan merespons pasar karbon dengan mengadopsi strategi investasi dalam teknologi ramah lingkungan, diversifikasi produk, dan penyesuaian operasional untuk mematuhi regulasi yang ketat. Meskipun pasar karbon menyediakan insentif untuk inovasi dan keberlanjutan, ia juga memperkenalkan tantangan finansial seperti biaya kepemilikan izin karbon dan potensi kenaikan harga energi. Manajemen yang cermat terhadap risiko dan peluang ini krusial untuk memastikan keberlanjutan operasional dan pertumbuhan perusahaan di tengah dinamika pasar global yang semakin kompleks.Studi ini tidak hanya mengisi celah dalam literatur tentang ekonomi lingkungan, tetapi juga memberikan panduan bagi praktisi dan pembuat kebijakan dalam merancang solusi keberlanjutan yang efektif di masa depan.
Grupo de mulheres
Authors: Tavares Mariana , Seminotti Elisa , Giugliani Camila , Gonçalves Marcelo , Seminotti Nédio
Published: October 2024

Introdução: A realização de grupos é uma das possibilidades de atuação das equipes da Atenção Primária à Saúde. Esse tipo de intervenção possibilita o desenvolvimento de ações de cuidado que extrapolam as consultas individuais, propiciando educação em saúde, integração, troca de experiências e ampliação da rede de apoio. Ainda que não tenham necessariamente o propósito de serem terapêuticos em termos de saúde mental, apresentam-se como espaços de promoção de saúde e prevenção de agravos. O trabalho com grupos é capaz de gerar aprimoramento para todas as pessoas envolvidas — usuários e profissionais — na medida em que possibilita colocar em evidência os saberes da comunidade, abrindo a possibilidade de que as intervenções em saúde sejam criadas em coletivo. Objetivo: Analisar o processo de desenvolvimento da habilidade de facilitação de grupos e os impactos das habilidades adquiridas na sua dinâmica, bem como na sua efetividade como ferramenta de produção de saúde, considerando as habilidades e competências da Medicina de Família e Comunidade. Métodos: Trata-se de pesquisa qualitativa desenvolvida na UBS Santa Cecília. Os encontros aconteceram semanalmente pelo período de uma hora durante seis meses. A ferramenta utilizada para acompanhamento do desenvolvimento da habilidade de facilitação se deu pela observação estruturada, baseada em cinco competências básicas para facilitação de grupos. A dinâmica estabelecida consistiu na determinação de uma profissional facilitadora e outra observadora, que registrou as intervenções realizadas, sendo esses papéis invertidos a cada encontro. Quinzenalmente os dados eram analisados, gerando reflexões e sugestões para melhoria das intervenções. Resultados: Cada competência descrita na ferramenta utilizada teve como resultado o desenvolvimento de habilidades primordiais para o funcionamento do grupo. Um dos maiores indicadores do êxito em alcançar as habilidades desejadas ocorreu pela observação de intervenções cada vez menos necessárias, tomando as participantes os papéis de protagonistas e responsáveis pelo desenvolvimento do grupo, questionando, produzindo e obtendo saúde. Conclusões: A utilização de um instrumento de observação e reflexão das competências do agente atuante como facilitador de um grupo permitiu que a dinâmica se estabelecesse de forma fluida com rápido entendimento das participantes sobre seus papéis no contexto geral do grupo. Observou-se também que a relação estabelecida entre elas resultou na formação de rede de apoio, melhoria do autocuidado e conhecimento, informação em saúde e apoio social às envolvidas.
Perfil dos pacientes em cuidados paliativos na atenção domiciliar em um serviço do Sul do Brasil
Authors: Ehlert Victoria Alves , Brandes Samantha , Fontes Maria Fernanda Mendonça , Keunecke Fernanda Ravache
Published: October 2024

Introdução: A Medicina de Família e Comunidade, como forma de cuidado mais próxima ao paciente, pode ofertar cuidados paliativos (CP) de modo integral e individualizado. Assim, torna-se relevante caracterizar a população atendida de modo a favorecer o desenvolvimento e implementação de estratégias para a ampliação da assistência de CP na Rede de Atenção à Saúde. Objetivo: Apresentar um panorama do perfil epidemiológico dos pacientes em CP domiciliares, no período de janeiro de 2018 a outubro de 2021, assistidos pelo Serviço de Atenção Domiciliar (SAD), vinculado ao Hospital Municipal de São José (HMSJ), na cidade de Joinville (SC). Métodos: Série de casos retrospectiva, incluindo os participantes do SAD que evoluíram a óbito no período da pesquisa. Os critérios de exclusão foram os participantes vivos no período da pesquisa; aqueles registrados, mas não atendidos pela equipe médica; os que receberam alta do programa; pacientes com prontuário incompleto; prontuários duplicados e menores de 18 anos. Os dados coletados incluíram número identificador do prontuário, idade, sexo, estado civil, diagnóstico, data de entrada no SAD, data de óbito, tempo de permanência no SAD, desfecho de óbito e via pela qual foi atestado o óbito, se recebeu analgesia com opioides e se fez uso de mais de um opioide, e se recebeu analgesia em bomba de infusão contínua (BIC) e/ou sedação paliativa. Os dados foram coletados pelos pesquisadores de prontuários médicos, codificados e conferidos duplamente. Foram realizadas então média e mediana das variáveis, bem como correlação dos dados e análise dos resultados. Resultados: Duzentos e oito pacientes foram incluídos; a média de idade foi 66,8 anos; as doenças neoplásicas foram as mais prevalentes (94,2%), destacando-se as neoplasias de trato gastrointestinal (21,1%), pulmonares (12,5%) e de mama (9,5%). A maior parte dos pacientes (37,9%) permaneceu sob os cuidados do SAD por mais de 30 dias e 75,9% da população analisada veio a óbito em ambiente domiciliar, e 45,67% desses indivíduos foram atestados via Serviço de Verificação de Óbitos e 30,2% via SAD. Quanto ao manejo da dor, 87,1% fizeram uso de opioides, mais frequentemente a morfina. Quanto à sedação paliativa, esta esteve presente em apenas 25,48%, prevalecendo o uso de midazolam. Conclusões: Neste estudo, encontrou-se maior prevalência de pacientes acometidos por doenças neoplásicas em fase final de vida, com necessidade de controle de dor adequado — contexto no qual o SAD possibilita o atendimento especializado ao paciente e seus familiares em um ambiente de maior conforto.
Acesso ampliado ao dispositivo intrauterino
Authors: Mendonça Maria Olivia Lima de , Faria Neto Ernesto , Correia Isabel Brandão , Silva Rubens Cavalcanti Freire da
Published: October 2024

Introdução: O dispositivo intrauterino (DIU) é uma das estratégias contraceptivas mais eficazes. Porém, apesar de ser amplamente distribuído pelo Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS), há baixa adesão ao método. São constatadas diversas barreiras para esse quadro, tais como desconhecimento acerca do dispositivo, além da reduzida oferta para inserção do contraceptivo por parte das Equipes de Saúde da Família (eSF). Tendo em vista que a ampliação do acesso ao DIU pode contribuir para a diminuição das gravidezes não planejadas, bem como para a autonomia e para o empoderamento das mulheres, algumas estratégias foram desenvolvidas por uma eSF para facilitar o acesso ao DIU. Objetivo: Refletir a respeito do impacto da incorporação de estratégias de educação em saúde para divulgar o método dentro da própria equipe, de sua área de cobertura e da diminuição de barreiras para a inserção, na ampliação do acesso ao DIU, no quantitativo de dispositivos inseridos, no número de gestações não planejadas e na possibilidade de aumento do empoderamento feminino. Métodos: Os dados coletados foram extraídos das informações presentes em planilhas e relatórios produzidos pela própria eSF. Utilizou-se da estatística descritiva para apresentar e analisar os dados obtidos, a partir de ferramentas de formulação de gráficos e tabelas. Resultados: Após mudança no processo de trabalho, visando ao acesso ampliado à inserção do DIU, observou-se um aumento no quantitativo do procedimento assim como na percentagem de gravidezes desejadas. Conclusões: O DIU surge como um instrumento para possibilitar o exercício dos direitos sexuais e reprodutivos e para alavancar atitudes emancipatórias das mulheres. Quanto menos barreiras as mulheres encontram para a inserção do DIU, maior é a escolha por este método, sendo a inserção por demanda espontânea, ou seja, no momento em que a mulher procura a eSF para fazê-la. Nesse sentido, as atividades de educação continuada tornam-se potentes ferramentas para possibilitar maior acesso ao método. Fazem-se necessários estudos de longa duração para que essas hipóteses sejam avaliadas, todavia, parece haver uma ligação positiva entre essas duas variáveis.
Aplicación de Análisis de Componentes Principales (PCA) y K-Means para la Clasificación de Unidades Estratigráficas en Muestras Geoquímica del Volcán Misti
Authors: Nina-Palacios Mary Luz , Tumi-Figueroa Ernesto Nayer , Ticona-Salluca Hugo
Published: October 2024

Este estudio presenta un análisis exhaustivo de los depósitos de tefra de la etapa Pacheco del volcán Misti, Arequipa, Perú, utilizando técnicas de reducción de dimensionalidad mediante Análisis de Componentes Principales (PCA) y agrupamiento mediante K-Means. Se analizaron muestras geoquímicas obtenidas entre 2015 y 2023, enfocándonos en elementos mayores y traza como Ti, Fe, MgO, y SiO₂. El PCA permitió reducir la dimensionalidad de los datos, revelando que los dos primeros componentes explican el 34.27% de la varianza total, destacando la influencia de variables como Ti y Fe. A continuación, el algoritmo K-Means identificó cuatro clusters geoquímicamente diferenciados, los cuales se compararon con las unidades estratigráficas conocidas, mostrando una correlación notable con unidades como Ponche Gris y La Rosada. Los resultados sugieren que estos clusters reflejan variaciones en los procesos magmáticos y fases eruptivas, ofreciendo nuevas perspectivas sobre la evolución geoquímica del volcán Misti. Futuros trabajos podrían incluir análisis isotópicos y la integración de técnicas de aprendizaje profundo para mejorar la comprensión de las fuentes magmáticas y su influencia en la estratigrafía volcánica.
Experimental assessment of the performance of artificial intelligence in solving multiple-choice board exams in cardiology
Authors: Huwiler Jessica , Oechslin Luca , Biaggi Patric , Tanner Felix C. , Wyss Christophe Alain
Published: October 2024

AIMS: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the performance of various artificial intelligence (AI)-powered chatbots (commercially available in Switzerland up to June 2023) in solving a theoretical cardiology board exam and to compare their accuracy with that of human cardiology fellows.
METHODS: For the study, a set of 88 multiple-choice cardiology exam questions was used. The participating cardiology fellows and selected chatbots were presented with these questions. The evaluation metrics included Top-1 and Top-2 accuracy, assessing the ability of chatbots and fellows to select the correct answer.
RESULTS: Among the cardiology fellows, all 36 participants successfully passed the exam with a median accuracy of 98% (IQR 91–99%, range from 78% to 100%). However, the performance of the chatbots varied. Only one chatbot, Jasper quality, achieved the minimum pass rate of 73% correct answers. Most chatbots demonstrated a median Top-1 accuracy of 47% (IQR 44–53%, range from 42% to 73%), while Top-2 accuracy provided a modest improvement, resulting in a median accuracy of 67% (IQR 65–72%, range from 61% to 82%). Even with this advantage, only two chatbots, Jasper quality and ChatGPT plus 4.0, would have passed the exam. Similar results were observed when picture-based questions were excluded from the dataset.
CONCLUSIONS: Overall, the study suggests that most current language-based chatbots have limitations in accurately solving theoretical medical board exams. In general, currently widely available chatbots fell short of achieving a passing score in a theoretical cardiology board exam. Nevertheless, a few showed promising results. Further improvements in artificial intelligence language models may lead to better performance in medical knowledge applications in the future.
Evaluation of laxative activity of aqueous extract of Citrullus colocynthis (L.) Schrad. fruits on mice
Authors: Olufunke Christy Akanji  , Isaiah Ige
Published: October 2024

Constipation is a common gastrointestinal disorder with a well-recognized tendency to cause discomfort which also affects the quality of life. Medicinal plant is defined as any substance with one or more of its organs containing substances that can be used for therapeutic purposes or which can be used as precursors for synthesis of drugs. Citrullus colocynthis (L.) Schrad. (Bitter apple), a valuable plant from Cucurbitaceae family is a non-hardy, herbaceous perennial vine, branched from the base with leafy and stiff-haired stems. This study evaluated the laxative activity of aqueous extract of Citrullus colocynthis fruits on mice. Bisacodyl (25 mg/kg), a standard drug. served as positive control while aqueous extract of Citrullus colocynthis fruits was administered at the doses of 20 and 50 mg/kg orally. Sixteen (16) animals were used and placed in metabolic cages designed specially to separate urine and fecal materials. The fecal outputs were collected and weighed at every 8 and 16 hours for 5 days. The results revealed the extract to have time and dose dependent activity patterns. Higher activity of the extract was recorded in 50 mg/kg up to 8 hours throughout the period of experiment. This showed that the efficacy of the doses could not last for 16 hours since treatment was only given once per day. This result also showed higher activity when compared with the standard drug, Bisacodyl. This study supported the folkloric laxative use of Citrullus colocynthis fruit.
Self-care of the elderly with cancer in the community
Authors: Belkis Alvarez Escobar  , Juan Carlos Mirabal Requena  , C. José Alejandro Concepción Pacheco
Published: October 2024

Self-care is an activity learned by individuals, oriented towards a goal. Cancer is one of the non-communicable chronic diseases that most affects the general population. Colon Cancer is identified as a problem of great magnitude for health systems. It is the third most common cancer in men and the second in women. Multiple predisposing factors are invoked as possible for its development. Aging is usually accompanied by an increase in the burden of chronic diseases, including Colon Cancer. The instruction to this population group aimed at adequate self-care through specific ways, with a coherent and systemic nature, which will form part of the doctor's work system in the community, is considered pertinent. A reconceptualization of self-care is necessary, specifically on the Self-care of the elderly with Colorectal Cancer in the community, so that the community doctor can incorporate into his work system the need to educate the elderly with Colorectal Cancer
Characterization of adolescent pregnancy in the community
Authors: Rogelio Bárbaro González Pérez  , Mallelin Rodríguez Mateo  , Juan Carlos Mirabal Requena  , Belkis Alvarez Escobar  , José Alejandro Concepción Pacheco
Published: October 2024

Adolescent fertility constitutes a challenge of sexual and reproductive health at the international level. Teenage pregnancy becomes a complex public health problem. The objective of the authors is to characterize the pregnant adolescents of the Jatibonico II polyclinic in their urban area in order to design actions and activities that make up a strategy for the proper management of pregnant women in an active and proactive way. Descriptive study for the characterization of pregnant adolescents according to sociodemographic variables, biopsychosocial variables and the clinical variable. Research methods of the theoretical level, the empirical level and the mathematical statistical level were used. The percentage calculation was carried out. 53 pregnant adolescents were included. The data with the highest percentage were adolescents from 17 to 19 years old for 41, 51 %, secondary school finished with 49, 1 %. 56, 60 % of those studied maintained a stable relationship with a low level of information about the pregnancy in 77, 36 %. Family rejection was one of the biopsychosocial complications that most affected those studied, 81, 13 %. The school dropout exhibited low figures and the state of health was good in 54, 72 %. The importance of the characterization of pregnant adolescents is exposed, to implement actions and activities that allow the proper management of pregnant women at this stage of life, improving their health status.
Perspectivas para a Saúde no Âmbito de Cidades Inteligentes
Authors: Endler Markus , Silva e Silva Francisco José da , Conceição Arlindo Flavio da
Published: October 2024

A disponibilidade crescente de dispositivos móveis com recursos de sensoriamento e de conectividade viabiliza a criação de diferentes tipos de aplicações para cidades inteligentes. Neste contexto, este artigo destaca o potencial de redes móveis no área de saúde, para prover uma gestão mais eficiente dos recursos médicos e tratamentos mais personalizados e efetivos aos pacientes.
Wehrhafte Wertegemeinschaft? Die Vorschläge des Europäischen Parlaments für einen verbesserten Schutz der Grundwerte der Union
Authors: Jung Karsten
Published: October 2024

In recent years, the European Parliament has regularly positioned itself as a staunch defender of the European Union’s fundamental values . It has repeatedly denounced grievances in member states as well as inaction by the Union’s other bodies . With its initiative for a ‘Mechanism for Democracy, the Rule of Law and Fundamental Rights’ and the latest ‘Proposals for Amendments to the Treaties’, Parliament has now put forward its own conceptual ideas on how to strengthen the procedures for protecting the Union’s fundamental values . A structured comparison of these proposals with the instruments already at hand – and their shortcomings in dealing with systematic violations – reveals, however, that further differentiation of the sanctions regime alone is unlikely to significantly advance the effective protection of Union values . The illiberal and anti-democratic developments in several member states are not just a legal or technical concern, but above all a political challenge to the European community of values . A viable strategy for its defense must take this fact into account .
Technische Assistenzsysteme – eine kritische Bestandsaufnahme
Authors: Kubicek Herbert
Published: October 2024

Zu Beginn dieses Jahrhunderts sahen Technologieunternehmen und die staat­liche Wirtschafts- und Forschungspolitik angesichts des zunehmenden Bevöl­kerungsanteils älterer Menschen und deren höherer Lebenserwartung in technischen Assistenzsystemen eine Möglichkeit, dem damit verbundenen Kostenanstieg und dem Fachkräftemangel im Gesundheits- und Pflegbereich zu begegnen und wirtschaftliches Wachstum durch innovative Produkte und Dienste zu fördern. Erwartet wurden und werden Einsparungen in Milliardenhöhe im Gesundheitswesen und der Pflege. Dass diese Erwartungen bisher nicht erfüllt wurden, liegt an dem Verzicht auf notwendige begleitende soziale Innovationen.
The Association Between Parental Academic Support and Students’ Academic Well-Being: The Mediating Role of Academic Resilience
Authors: Fathi Leila , Bakhtiarpour Saeed , Mahdad Ali
Published: October 2024

Background: Parental academic support plays a significant role in fostering academic resilience in students. By providing encouragement, guidance, and emotional support, parents can help their children develop the coping skills and self-confidence necessary to overcome obstacles and persist in their academic endeavors. Objectives: This study examines the relationship between parental academic support and students’ academic well-being, with a particular focus on the mediating role of academic resilience. Methods: This study employed a descriptive-correlational design. The population included all high school students in Ahvaz city during the 2022 - 2023 academic year. A sample of 384 students was selected using a multistage cluster sampling method. The research instruments included the School-Related Well-Being Scale (SWBS), Academic Support Scale, and Academic Resilience Scale. Structural equation modeling (SEM) in SPSS 25 and AMOS 25 was used to analyze the model relationships, followed by bootstrapping to test indirect effects. Results: The findings indicated significant positive relationships between academic resilience and academic well-being, and between parental academic support and academic resilience (P < 0.001). However, the direct relationship between parental academic support and academic well-being was not significant. The indirect relationship between parental academic support and academic well-being through academic resilience was found to be significant (P = 0.006). The final model demonstrated a good fit to the data, as evidenced by fit indices, including RMSEA (0.001), TLI (0.99), and CFI (0.99). Conclusions: The findings support the hypothesized mediating role of academic resilience. These results suggest that parental involvement, which fosters students' ability to recover from setbacks and persist in their studies, ultimately contributes to positive academic experiences and well-being.
Pengembangan Literasi Anak Pada Program Teras Baca Di Desa Renah Semanek
Authors: Fadilah Fadilah , Andara Aulia , Afrilia Dea , Rosida Rosida , Nata Edwin Triadi , Andreani Mesi , Rosyid Arif Abdul , Syaputra Ramadhan , Husna Lailatul , Maryam Riskianti Astuti , Naimah Rifngatun
Published: October 2024

The research data collection method is carried out using dedication and observation, which aims to research and help the community, and to explore social problems and phenomena and develop a specific understanding of a phenomenon. The collection location is in Renah Semanek village, Karang Tinggi Sub-District, Central Bengkulu District. The variable underlying this research is reading literacy covering early childhood and adolescence. The subjects in this research are early childhood and teenagers. The results of this service program are increased motivation in learning. as well as their speaking and reading abilities. This proves that this program has a very good impact. Apart from that, this program also has a positive impact on several aspects such as social and educational aspects for both the children and volunteers involved. Maximum efforts were made in this program and supported by various parties, the results of this service achieved 85% success which can be seen from the completion of the provision of learning platforms, namely reading terraces and procurement of books. Providing reading terraces to the community is also an effort to increase the willingness to read and will have an impact on improving the standard of living of village communities. Apart from that, of course additional good reading is needed to broaden the insight and knowledge of village communities.