bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Hubungan Perilaku Hidup Bersih Dan Sehat (PHBS) Ibu Dengan Kejadian Diare Pada Balita 0-5 Tahun Di Puskesmas Klasaman Kota Sorong
Authors: P Helga Ruth , Badra I Wayan
Published: November 2019

The Relationship Between Clean and Healthy Life Behavior (PHBS) with Diarrhea in Toddlers (0-5 Years) in the Work Area of ​​the Sorong City Klasaman Health Center. According to the Indonesian Ministry of Health (2011) One application of PHBS in the household setting that can prevent the occurrence of diarrhea is the Handwashing with Soap (CTPS) behavior. CTPS is one of the pillars of the Community Based Total Sanitation (STBM) strategy, which is contained in the Decree of the Minister of Health of the Republic of Indonesia No. 852 / SK / Menkes / IX / 2008. The importance of CTPS has been understood to reduce the incidence of diarrhea by up to 47%. This is important to be known by the public in order to increase awareness to familiarize CTPS in everyday life. the incidence of diarrhea in children aged 0-5 years in January to March 2017 reached 80 cases (PKM Klasaman, 2017). The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between Clean and Healthy Behavior (PHBS) with Diarrhea in infants (0-5 years) in the working area of ​​the Sorong City Klasaman Health Center. The research design is a Crossectional Study, the sample uses a total population of 81 respondents, tested with Chi-Square. The results of the study there is a relationship between the behavior of using clean water with the incidence of diarrhea in children 0-5 years in the Sorong City Klasaman Health Center with a value of 0.002 <α = 0.05. There is no relationship between the behavior of using healthy latrines with the incidence of diarrhea in children 0-5 years in the Sorong City Klasaman Health Center, the value of which is 0.253> α = 0.05. There is no relationship between the behavior of using clean water and the incidence of diarrhea in children 0-5 years in the Sorong City Klasaman Health Center, a value of 0.110> α = 0.05.
HUBUNGAN PERILAKU IBU SELAMA HAMIL DENGAN BERAT BADAN BAYI BARU LAHIR
Authors: Aisyah Siti
Published: November 2019

Pendahuluan; Semua ibu hamil pastinya mendambakan kelahiran bayi yang sehat dan normal. Salah satu ciri bayi lahir normal adalah lahir dengan berat badan 2500-4000 gram. Prevelensi BBLR mengalami peningkatan dari tahun 2017 sebanyak 51 bayi (10,6%) ke tahun 2018 bulan Januari-Juli sebanyak 25 bayi (11,7%). Bayi yang lahir dengan macrosomia juga mengalami pningkatan prevelensi dari tahun 2017 sebanyak 10 bayi (1,97%) ke tahun 2018 bulan Januari-April sebanyak sebanyak 5 bayi (2,3%). Tujuan: penelitian ini untuk mengetahui hubungan perilaku yaitu pengetahuan, sikap dan tindakan ibu selama hamil dengan berat badan bayi baru lahir. Metode: Jenis penelitian ini adalah survei analitik dengan desain cross sectional. Lokasi penelitian di klinik Niar Amplas Medan. penelitian ini dilakukan pada bulan september Tahun 2018 dan sampel penelitian sebanyak 30 orang. Teknik dan cara pengumpulan data dengan menggunakan kuesioner. Metode pengumpulan data yaitu data primer dan data sekunde dan data dianalisis dengan menggunakan uji Chi-Square. Hasil: penelitian pada uji statistik variabel pengetahuan diperoleh nilai 0,015<α=0,05, maka Ho ditolak dan Ha diterima, pada variabel sikap diperoleh nilai 0,000<α = 0,05, maka Ho ditolak dan Ha diterima, pada variabel tindakan diperoleh hasil 0,000<α = 0,05 maka Ho ditolak dan Ha diterima Kesimpulan: ada hubungan pengetahuan, sikap dan tindakan ibu selama hamil dengan berat badan bayi baru lahir di klinik Niar Amplas Medan tahun 2018
FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI BENDUNGAN ASI PADA IBU NIFAS
Authors: Oriza Novalita
Published: November 2019

Pendahuluan : Kejadian Bendungan ASI yang disebabkan oleh pengeluaran air susu yang tidak lancar, karena bayi tidak cukup sering menyusu pada ibu nya. Data SDKI tahun2015 menyebutkan bahwa terdapat ibu nifas yang mengalami BendunganASI sebanyak 35.985 atau (15,60 %) ibu nifas. Tujuan : Untuk mengetahui faktor yang mempengaruhi bendungan ASI pada ibu nifas di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Rambung Merah Kabupaten Simalungun Tahun 2018.Metode : Desain penelitian adalah survei analitik kuantitatif dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah 122 ibu nifas. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan sistem accidental samplingsebanyak  92 responden. Analisis data menggunakan analisis univariat, bivariat dan multivariat dengan uji regresi logistik.Hasil : Seluruh variabel independen mempengaruhi bendungan ASI dengan nilai p-value < 0,05. Hasil uji regresi logistik yang paling mempengaruhi kejadian bendungan ASI adalah frekuensi menyusui dengan nilai sig. p = 0,000<0,25 dan nilai B (logaritma natural) terbesar yaitu 3,740.Kesimpulan : Faktor frekuensi menyusui, kondisi puting, perlekatan menyusui, posisi menyusui dan perawatan payudara memengaruhi kejadian bendungan ASI di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Rambung Merah Kabupaten Simalungun tahun 2018 dan variabel yang paling mempengaruhi kejadian bendungan ASI adalah frekeunsi menyusui. Diharapkan kepada petugas puskesmas agar lebih peduli dan meningkatkan informasi manajemen laktasi dan perawatan payudara
STUDI FENOMENOLOGI “PERMASALAHAN PASIEN BPJS
Authors: Loihala Maria , Samaran Elisabeth
Published: November 2019

Badan Penyelenggara Jaminan Sosial atau BPJS adalah lembaga yang dibentuk untuk menyelenggarakan program jaminan sosial di Indonesia berdasarkan Undang-undang Nomor 40 Tahun 2004 dan Undang-undang Nomor 24 Tahun 2011.Masih banyak masyarakat yang belum tahu teknis mendapatkan pelayanan sesuai dengan aturan main BPJS Kesehatan. Tujuan penelitian untuk menganalisis pengaruh pemanfaatan Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional terhadap kepuasan pasien rujukan luar Papua di wilayah kerja BPJS kota Sorong Tahun 2018.Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian kualitatif. Metode penelitian kualitatif dengan menggunakan pendekatan fenomenologi. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah semua Pasien BPJS Di Wilayah Kerja BPJS Kota Sorong. Sampel dalam penelitian ini  menggunakan sampel titik jenuh.Hasil penelitian menunujukkan permasalahan pasien BPJSdi wilayah kerja BPJS Kota Sorong yaitu masalah rujukan yaitu rujukan berjenjang yang cukup ribet, ruang inap yang sering penuh, sistem kerja yang lambat yaitu ketidaktahuan sistem informasi online dan antrian panjang akibat sistem kinerja yang lambat, kurangnya sosialisasi, serta lambatnya proses verifikasi klaim yang diajukan fasilitas kesehatan pada BPJS Kesehatan.
Uji Validitas Dan Reliabilitas Kuesioner Pengukuran Kompetensi Sistem Informasi Keperawatan: NICAT Dalam Bahasa Indonesia
Authors: Guna Stephanie Dwi , Nita Yureya
Published: November 2019

Integrasi Teknologi Informasi (TI) di bidang kesehatan terbukti meningkatkan kualitas pelayanan kesehatan dengan meningkatkan patient safety serta mempercepat waktu layanan. Salah satu inovasi TI di bidang kesehatan yaitu rekam medik elektronik (electronic health record). Rekam medik jenis ini sudah umum digunakan di negara maju namun masih jarang digunakan di negara berkembang termasuk Indonesia. Sebelum pengimplementasian suatu sistem informasi baru di pelayanan kesehatan, perlu dipastikan bahwa user dapat mengoperasikannya dengan baik sehingga hasil dari sistem tersebut optimal. Perawat sebagai tenaga kesehatan dengan jumlah paling banyak di suatu pelayanan kesehatan seperti Rumah Sakit merupakan user terbesar bila rekam medik elektronik ini diterapkan.  Oleh karena itu diperlukan suatu alat untuk mengukur kemampuan atau literasi sistem informasi keperawatan (SIK). Salah satu alat ukur kompetensi SIK yaitu NICAT (Nursing Informatics Competency Assessment Tool) yang memiliki 3 bagian serta 30 item pertanyaan. Penulis melakukan alih bahasa pada kuesioner ini, kemudian melakukan uji validitas dan reliabilitas. Jumlah sampel pada penelitian ini yaitu 233 perawat di salah satu Rumah Sakit Pemerintah di Pekanbaru, Indonesia. Hasil uji validitas pada 30 item dengan r tabel 0.128 menunjukkan r hitung diatas nilai tersebut dengan Cronbach’s Alpha 0,975. Dapat disimpulkan kuesioner pengukuran kemampuan SIK (NICAT versi Bahasa Indonesia) telah valid dan reliabel sehingga dapat digunakan mengukur kemampuan SIK perawat Indonesia.
Hubungan Lama Rawat Dengan Kemampuan Mengontrol Halusinasi Pendengaran Pada Pasien Skizofrenia
Authors: Devita Yeni , Hendriyani Hendriyani
Published: November 2019

Pasien skizofrenia yang mengalami halusinasi pendengaran dilaporkan sekitar 50% - 70% dari semua pasien yang terdiagnosa skizofrenia (Brunelin et al, 2012). Sering kali pasien halusinasi pendengaran mengalami kesulitan dalam mengontrol halusinasinya. Salah satu tindakan yang dapat membantu pasien dalam mengontrol halusinasinya adalah dengan memberikan pengobatan dan perawatan kepada pasien. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan lama rawat dengan kemampuan mengontrol halusinasi pendengaran pada pasien skizofrenia. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif dengan rancangan korelasional. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh pasien RSJ Tampan Provinsi Riau yang mengalami halusinasi pendengaran. Sampel dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 46 pasien. Pengambilan sampel dalam penelitian ini menggunakan teknik simple random sampling. Instrument yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah instrument Auditory Hallucinations Rating Scale (AHRS) yang dikembangkan oleh Haddock (2009). Analisa data menggunakan uji korelasi spearman. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tidak ada hubungan lama rawat dengan kemampuan mengontrol halusinasi pendengaran pada pasien skizofrenia (p value 0,407 > 0,005). . Nilai korelasi spearman sebesar 0,125 yang menunjukkan bahwa arah korelasi positif dengan kekuatan korelasi sangat lemah (0,00-0,199). Disarankan kepada pihak RSJ Tampan Provinsi Riau untuk selalu meningkatkan motivasi bagi pasien dalam mengontrol halusinasinya, dan untuk keluarga sebaiknya dapat memberikan dukungan penuh kepada pasien agar lama hari rawat pasien dapat berkurang dan pasien dapat mengontrol halusinasinya dengan baik.
Analisa Penggunaan Alat Kontrasepsi Hormonal Terhadap Tekanan Darah
Authors: Hutasoit Eva Santi , Azwar Yessi
Published: November 2019

Hypertension is a condition when blood pressure in blood vessels increases chronically (Suiraoka, 2012). The risk of increasing this blood pressure is related to race, family history of hypertension, obesity, diet / food intake, smoking and the length of time the combination hormonal contraceptive is used. Family acceptors who use hormonal contraception over a period of time often complain of health problems, one of the health problems that are often experienced by hormonal contraceptive acceptors is hypertension or high blood pressure. Hormonal contraception can cause high blood pressure (hypertension) in approximately 4-5% of women who have normal blood pressure before taking the drug, and can increase blood pressure in 9-16% of women who have suffered hypertension before. The type of research used in this study is quantitative, with analytic research design and with a cross sectional approach, namely research conducted simultaneously. The number of samples is 54 mothers who are KB KBtor. From the results of the study, it was found that respondents who used hormonal contraception experienced an increase in blood pressure by 37 people (84.1%), while those who did not experience a rise in blood pressure were 7 people (15.9%). Respondents who did not use hormonal contraception experienced an increase in blood pressure by 5 people (50.0%), while those who did not experience an increase in blood pressure were 5 people (50.0%). From the Chi-square test results obtained a value of 0,045 (Pvalue 0,045 <α 0,05) and OR 5,286. This shows that Ha is accepted which means that there is a relationship between the use of hormonal contraception and an increase in blood pressure. OR = 5,286 showed that the use of hormonal contraception 5 times was associated with increased blood pressure.
Analisis Penyebab Konstipasi Pada Ibu Hamil Di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Payung Sekaki Pekanbaru
Authors: Hanim Busyra
Published: November 2019

Constipation is one of the incoveniences that pregnant women often complain about. If not managed properly constipation can cause serious complication. 40% of pregnant women have experienced constipation. In Pekanbaru constipation is experienced by about 4-30% of pregnant women. The purpose of this study was to analyze the causes of constipation in pregnant women in The Payung Sekaki Puskesmas Work Area Pekanbaru. The study was conducted on 96 respondents in the Work Area Payung Sekaki Puskesmas Pekanbaru taken by purposive sampling technique. This research is quantitative with  descriptive design. The results showed that constipation in pregnant women in The Payung Sekaki Puskesmas Work Area was caused by consumption of Fe tablets of 71 poeple (74%), risky eating patterns of 71 poeple (74%), squating position when defecating of 40 poeple (42%), physical activity/sports of 46 poeple (48%), and the habit of delaying the desire to defecate of 50 poeple (52%). Suggestions for health workers in the Payung Sekaki Health Center in Pekanbaru to study in full identify the cause of constipation complained in order to provide appropriate education in managing this discomfort.
Bayesian Tragedy and Categorical Medical Error in Prostate Cancer
Authors: Nery Lamothe  , Mara Lamothe  , Alejandro Alonso-Altamirano  , Pedro A Lamothe
Published: November 2019

The Bayesian concept is complex and contrary to intuition, but it is fundamental in the practice of medicine as well as in biotechnological development. We expect that a tragedy of ignoring the Bayesian concept will result clear to the reader who should acquire the tools to recognize its meaning, as well as, its use; but especially, to visualize the serious consequences of ignoring it. The physician is not mystically fascinated for knowing what percentage of patients who has prostate cancer have no symptoms (47%), urinary frequency (38%), urinary urgency (10%), decreased urine stream (23%) or hematuria (1.4%). What the physician and every patient want and vitally need to know is the probability of having prostate cancer, giving that he has one or more of those symptoms.

Keywords: Medical Errors; Iatrogenic disease; Sensitivity and specificity; Diagnostic Techniques and procedures
High dynamic resistance elements based on Josephson junction array
Authors: Arutyunov Konstantin , Lehtinen Janne Samuel
Published: November 2019

Chain of superconductor-insulator-superconductor junctions based on Al-AlO

x

-Al... lift-off fabricated nanostructures was measured at ultra-low temperatures. At zero magnetic field the low current bias dynamic resistance can reach values ~1011 W.  The system has been proved to provide a decent quality current biasing circuit enabling observation of Coulomb blockade and Bloch oscillations in ultra-narrow Ti nanowires associated with quantum phase slip effect.
THE ECONOMY-ENERGY-ENVIRONMENT NEXUS IN IMF’S TOP 2 BIGGEST ECONOMIES: A TY APPROACH
Authors: Atta Mills Ebenezer Fiifi Emire , Zeng Kailin , Baafi Mavis Agyapomah
Published: November 2019

This paper assesses the relationship between carbon emissions, economic growth and, energy consumption, in USA and China from the perspective of Granger causality, in a multivariate framework controlling for financial development, urbanization, and trade openness. Econometric techniques employed include unit root tests, Toda and Yamamoto Granger causality, and generalized impulse response and variance decomposition analysis for the time horizon 1980–2017. Test results indicate that governments of the USA and China cannot implement sturdier strategic energy policies in the long run without inhibiting the growth of the economy because of the bidirectional causative linkage between economic growth and energy use. A causal link does not exist between carbon emissions and financial development for both countries. Nevertheless, in the USA, there exists a unidirectional Granger causality controlling from energy consumption to financial development. In both economies, urbanization Granger causes CO2 emissions and energy use but the reverse does not hold. An upsurge in energy consumption and carbon emissions will lead to a surge in trade openness but not vice versa for China. A noteworthy result is that there is a substantiation of unidirectional causality from energy consumption to carbon emissions in both countries. In the USA, impulse response and variance decomposition analysis disclosed the effect of financial development is projected to have diminutive magnitude whiles in the future, energy use, economic growth, trade openness, and urbanization would influence carbon emissions significantly. The impacts of trade openness and financial development are expected to be of little importance in China. The general findings implied that urbanization, economic growth, and energy consumption influenced CO2 emissions significantly in the USA and China. Understanding these similar and contrasting situations is essential to reaching a global agreement on climate change affecting IMF’s top 2 biggest economies.
Emission from a Pulsar Wind Nebula: Application to the Persistent Radio Counterpart of FRB 121102
Authors: Yang Yu-Han , Dai Zi-Gao
Published: November 2019

The properties of fast radio bursts (FRBs) indicate that the physical origin of this type of astrophysical phenomenon is related to neutron stars. The first detected repeating source, FRB 121102, is associated with a persistent radio counterpart. In this paper, we propose that this radio counterpart could arise from a pulsar wind nebula powered by a magnetar without surrounding supernova ejecta. Its medium is a stratified structure produced by a progenitor wind. The model parameters are constrained by the spectrum of the counterpart emission, the size of the nebula, and the large but decreasing rotation measure (RM) of the repeating bursts. In addition, the observed dispersion measure is consistent with the assumption that all of the RM comes from the shocked medium.
Development and validation of RP-HPLC method for stability evaluation of model hydrazone, containing a pyrrole ring
Authors: Tzankova Diana , Peikova Lily , Vladimirova Stanislava , Georgieva Maya
Published: November 2019

RP-HPLC method with UV detection was developed and validated for determination of the chemical stability and stability in close to physiological conditions of a model pyrrole hydrazone ethyl 5-(4-bromophenyl)-1-(1-(2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzylidene) hydrazineyl)-4-methyl-1-oxopentan-2-yl)-2-methyl-1H-pyrrole-3-carboxylate (D_5d), containing susceptible to hydrolysis hydrazone group. The evaluated substance was subjected to the influence of a variety of pH , representing the main physiological values of 37°C and corresponding pH values in the stomach (pH 2.0), blood (pH 7.4) and small intestine (pH 9.0). Chemical stability in a highly alkaline medium with a pH of 13.0 was also evaluated. The hydrazone I tested was found to be stable at pH 7.4 and pH 9.0 and 37 ° C and hydrolyzed under strong acidic (pH 2.0) and highly alkaline media (pH 13.0) and at the same temperature.The products of hydrolysis were identified to be the initial hydrazide and aldehyde, pointing the hydrazone group as most liable.
Description of a new leafhopper species of the genus Longicornus (Hemiptera, Cicadellidae, Deltocephalinae) from China, with a revised key to species
Authors: Fang Yongqin , Xing Jichun
Published: November 2019

A new leafhopper species Longicornus brevispinussp. nov. is described and illustrated from Yunnan Province, China. A key to distinguish all species of this genus is given, and a map showing the geographic distribution of all species is also provided. The type specimen of the new species is deposited in the Institute of Entomology, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China.
Patient Compliance With Outpatient Prophylaxis: An Observational Study
Authors: Colwell Clifford W , Pulido Pamela , Hardwick Mary E , Morris Beverly A
Published: November 2019

abstract

The need for prophylaxis against venous thromboembolic disease following lower-extremity joint replacement is well documented and accepted. Although low molecular weight heparin is approved for inpatient and extended prophylaxis beyond the hospital environment, orthopedic surgeons must determine the duration of injectable low molecular weight heparin based on the period of venous thromboembolic disease risk and on patient compliance with self-administration of medication at home. Lack of confidence in patients' ability to self-administer injections may contribute to hesitancy in prescribing injectable prophylaxis. This observational study evaluated the effectiveness of a self-injection education program. Findings demonstrate that when properly instructed, patients safely and efficaciously self-administer low molecular weight heparin at home. With shorter hospital stays, self-administration of low molecular weight heparin may optimize the clinical outcomes of orthopedic patients.
Choosing to Write the Paper Format Thesis
Authors: Morris Heather M , Tipples Graham
Published: November 2019

ABSTRACT

Graduate students today may be faced with the option of writing either a traditional format thesis or a paper format thesis. In contrast to the traditional format in which the text body consists of four or five chapters, the body of the paper format thesis can be comprised of an introductory chapter, two or more papers written as publishable manuscripts, and a conclusion. In this article, an overview of the paper format thesis is presented and contrasted with the traditional format thesis. The description of the paper format thesis is followed by its advantages and disadvantages for writers and readers. It is by weighing all possible pros and cons, as well as considering one's individual situation, that the graduate student will be able to decide which format of thesis to write.
Exploring the Risk Factors for Depressive Symptoms Among Chinese Rural Older Adults
Authors: Yan Zi , Lu Ruoyan , Li Yueping , Zheng Zhenquan
Published: November 2019

The purpose of the current study was to examine risk factors for depressive symptoms among older adults in rural China. Data were derived from the National Health Services Survey in China. A total of 2,586 rural adults age ≥60 were included in the study. Sociodemographic factors, health risk factors, and behavioral factors were measured, along with self-rated depressive symptoms. Older age (>70 years), lower education level, and living without a partner were associated with depressive symptoms. After adjusting for socioeconomic status and social support, individuals who had at least one chronic disease, experienced pain, and were unable to take care of themselves or perform household chores were more likely to report depressive symptoms (all
p
< 0.001). Community health care and nursing services should focus on pain control, improvement of daily physical function, and social support for older adults in rural China. [
Journal of Psychosocial Nursing and Mental Health Services, 58
(2), 41–47.]
Stromal Rejection After SMILE for the Correction of Astigmatism After Graft
Authors: Hashemi Hassan , Aghamirsalim Mohammadreza , Asgari Soheila
Published: November 2019

PURPOSE:

To describe a case of stromal rejection in a 46-year-old man after small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE) for the correction of residual astigmatism following deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty (DALK).

METHODS:

Case report.

RESULTS:

Nine years after an uneventful DALK in the left eye, the patient (uncorrected distance visual acuity [UDVA] = 20/200, corrected distance visual acuity [CDVA] = 20/32, and refraction = −3.25 −4.25 × 165°) underwent SMILE using the VisuMax femtosecond laser platform (Carl Zeiss Meditec, Jena, Germany). The next day, the UDVA, CDVA, and refraction were 20/40, 20/32, and −1.25 −0.50 × 15°, respectively. One week later, the patient presented complaining of pain, photophobia, and blurred vision; at this time, there was a reduction in UDVA to 20/400 and CDVA to 20/63. With a diagnosis of stromal rejection, the patient was treated with corticosteroids (sub-Tenon injection and oral). Five months later, UDVA was 20/40, CDVA was 20/25, and refraction was −1.25 −0.75 × 90°. The graft had completely cleared.

CONCLUSIONS:

SMILE can be an effective alternative for the correction of astigmatism after DALK, but the risks of inflammatory responses and graft rejection call for caution.

[
J Refract Surg
. 2019;35(11):737–739.]
Corneal Viscous Properties Cannot Be Determined From Air-Puff Applanation
Authors: Francis Mathew , Matalia Himanshu , Nuijts Rudy M.M.A. , Haex Bart , Shetty Rohit , Sinha Roy Abhijit
Published: November 2019

PURPOSE:

To assess whether corneal viscous properties are measureable with air-puff applanation in patients.

METHODS:

The study had 312 normal eyes, 107 fellow eyes of patients with keratoconus, and 289 keratoconic eyes. The Corvis ST (Oculus Optikgeräte GmbH, Wetzlar, Germany) deformation data for all eyes were analyzed using two models. First, a standard linear solid model (SLM) assumed the cornea was an elastic material only. Second, a two-compartment Kelvin-Voigt model (KVM) assumed the cornea was a visco-elastic material. Corneal stiffness and viscosity were calculated. Further, the deflection amplitude was phase shifted virtually relative to the air-puff applanation force to assess whether the KVM was capable of detecting corneal viscous properties from air-puff applanation. This was similar in concept to measured viscoelastic deformations in other soft tissues. The hysteresis area was also calculated with deformation (cornea and whole globe) and deflection (cornea only) amplitude. The greater the magnitude of the hysteresis area, the greater was the magnitude of corneal viscosity (µc).

RESULTS:

Both the SLM and KVM reported similar magnitudes of corneal stiffnesses (correlation coefficient > 0.99). However, for a given model, corneal stiffness was significantly different between normal, fellow, and keratoconic eyes (
P
= .001). From the KVM, the corneal viscosity was different between groups (
P
= .001) but was small in magnitude (order of 10
−9
). The deflection hysteresis area was also small in magnitude (order of 10
−6
). In contrast, the KVM detected significant corneal viscosity only when the deflection amplitude was virtually phase shifted with respect to the air-puff applanation force.

CONCLUSIONS:

No significant corneal viscous response was detected in patients who had air-puff applanation.

[
J Refract Surg
. 2019;35(11):730–736.]
The Health of Children Who Are Immigrants and Refugees: A Review for the General Pediatrician
Authors: Triemstra Justin D. , Monterrey Ana C.
Published: November 2019

The United States is home to many immigrants and refugees; therefore, pediatricians who care for these vulnerable patients must be familiar with their unique medical, developmental, and psychosocial needs. Thankfully, there are resources that describe the recommended components of the medical visit for newly arrived immigrants and refugees. In this article, we review these resources while focusing on the resettlement process, mental health, trauma-informed care resources, and other important psychosocial needs such as legal and educational resources that are available for this patient population.

[
Pediatr Ann
. 2019;48(11):e455–e460.]
Substance Use in Adolescents: Latest Trends
Authors: Khan Leah
Published: November 2019

Adolescent substance use is an ever-changing topic that can be difficult to stay on top of its many components. Recent data show encouraging declines in the use of some substances such as cigarettes, alcohol, and opioids, although they are still prevalent in the adolescent population. Newer issues such as vaping and the legalization of marijuana bring up new challenges in discussing substance use with young patients. Perceptions of risk and evolving campaigns aimed at young people make these two topics particularly important to address with adolescents. This article reviews the statistics regarding the most commonly used substances in the United States, and some important ways that we can reach out to the adolescent population that is so vulnerable to the harms of substance use.

[
Pediatr Ann
. 2019;48(11):e418–e422.]
Géographes d’al-Andalus
Authors: Tixier Du Mesnil Emmanuelle
Published: November 2019

L’Espagne, comme la Sicile, est l’une de ces rares terres qui furent un temps intégrées au monde islamique et qui ne le sont plus. Al-Andalus s’est effectivement rétractée comme une peau de chagrin durant les huit siècles de son existence, depuis l’arrivée des conquérants arabo-musulmans au début du viiie siècle jusqu’à la chute de Grenade entre les mains des rois catholiques à la fin du xve siècle.

Nous avons voulu interroger la littérature géographique médiévale de langue arabe, afin de savoir si cette discipline, qui se propose, dans le sillon de la géographie antique, de décrire les hommes et les pays, était à même de rendre compte de l’évolution du territoire. Cela nécessite d’analyser le discours même de la géographie, de comprendre ce que les auteurs médiévaux entendaient mettre au centre de leur propos. Or, depuis le tournant de l’An Mil, c’est dans l’Occident du monde musulman que furent composés les traités les plus importants. Du xe au xive siècle, les principaux géographes, dont al-Bakrī au xie siècle et al-Idrīsī au xiie siècle, sont originaires d’al-Andalus ou sont en partie liés à son histoire. Placés aux premières loges, ces géographes ont rédigé des ouvrages décrivant l’ensemble de l’œkoumène, et plus particulièrement le dār al-islām, le domaine de l’Islam, au sein desquels la place dévolue à l’Espagne musulmane diffère sensiblement au gré des contextes. Par-delà les permanences d’un discours visant à affirmer l’intemporalité d’une terre, quelle histoire peut-on faire du discours géographique ? Peut-il rendre compte du recul de l’Islam dans la péninsule Ibérique ? Enfin, que choisissent ces auteurs de privilégier dans le tableau d’une terre dont le nom reste signifiant en Orient comme en Occident ?
La mémoire des coraux
Authors: Bessat Frédéric
Published: November 2019

Très sensible aux conditions climatiques et océaniques, le corail construit des squelettes calcaires qui gardent en mémoire les variations des milieux régionaux et locaux. Pour cette raison, il témoigne des conditions dans lesquelles il a vécu. L'étude de colonies coralliennes massives permet donc d'accomplir un formidable voyage dans le temps.

Cet ouvrage est le produit d'une recherche de terrain menée en Polynésie française, en particulier à Moorea et à Mururoa, et complétée par un travail de laboratoire. L'auteur cherche à caractériser les relations pluriséculaires entre, d'une part, la température de l'air et l'eau, l'activité solaire et les anomalies hydro-climatiques, d'autre part, les empreintes physiques, chimiques et biologiques laissées dans (et par) les squelettes coralliens. L'apport méthodologique tient notamment dans le développement d'une technique d'acquisition d'images par tomographie et le traitement des clichés, assurant une lecture plus fine et plus fiable des cernes d'accroissement du corail. Par ailleurs, le recours à une « analyse couplée » de mesures physiques et géochimiques sur des échantillons de taille variable précise le potentiel de reconstitution paléoclimatique de ce matériel.

L'utilisation de plus en plus fréquente des biomarqueurs coralliens conduit la communauté scientifique à réfléchir sur leur fiabilité. Les signaux isotopiques, chimiques et physiques correspondent-ils uniquement à l'enregistrement des données climatiques ?

Les récifs coralliens, et en particulier les colonies massives, représentent des archives incomparables du passé. En ce sens, ils deviennent des outils de prédilection pour l'étude des paléoenvironnements aux latitudes intertropicales et surtout pour l'établissement de modèles climatologiques prédictifs. En outre, des analyses approfondies et appliquées, qui assurent une meilleure compréhension du fonctionnement des écosystèmes récifaux, dont certains sont parfois déjà fortement dégradés, doivent permettre d'en améliorer la gestion et, en conséquence, de préserver les enjeux socio-économiques cruciaux de ces régions.
L'industrialisation contemporaine des Pays-Bas
Authors: Fischer André
Published: November 2019

Les années 1945-1975 sont marquées, aux Pays-Bas, par la priorité absolue accordée au développement des activités industrielles. L'ampleur des mutations qui en résultent, tant au niveau de l'économie nationale qu'à l'échelle des régions, est telle que les Pays-Bas offrent alors l'exemple, assez original, d'un pays développé en cours d'industrialisation.

L'accent est mis sûr l'industrialisation des régions périphériques, celles qui font l'objet des politiques de stimulation et de restructuration, politiques étroitement liées à l'aménagement du territoire. L'objectif majeur de la recherche développée ici est de confronter l'action territoriale des pouvoirs publics, la stratégie spatiale des grandes entreprises industrielles, la nature des problèmes à résoudre dans les diverses régions.

L'industrialisation régionale se heurte à bien des difficultés : les effets de l'ouverture du marché néerlandais, l'insuffisante efficacité des aides publiques, une certaine discordance entre les politiques néerlandaises et les orientations proposées par la Commission des Communautés européennes, la mise en pratique d'une stratégie spatiale très sélective de la part des grandes entreprises. D'abord surtout quantitative, l'industrialisation est de plus en plus qualitative, ce qui accroît les difficultés des régions périphériques. A partir des années 1972-1974, les activités tertiaires prennent le relais de l'industrie comme moteur principal du développement régional.
From Asia to the World: “Regional” Contributions to Global Migration Research
Authors: Asis Maruja M. B. , Piper Nicola , Raghuram Parvati
Published: November 2019

Migration from Asia has become an important theatre of regional and international migration and thus the crucible of theoretical developments which have attracted global attention. Yet, these contributions have not received explicit acknowledgement. This paper sets out to address this gap by outlining the cross-border, mostly South South, migration especially along corridors between and across East, Southeast, South and West Asia. Empirically, cross-border intra-regional migration in search for work and livelihoods has been a significant feature in Asia for many decades, with male migrants generally responding to the need for workers in the productive sectors and female migrants mostly (but not exclusively) recruited to care work or other reproductive sectors. Over time, this migration has become increasingly multi-directional and complex in terms of categories of migrants, drivers and outcomes. This paper outlines some of this complexity before going on to focus on three themes – labour migration, impact of migration on the family, and governance and politics – to showcase the regional specificities of migration corridors in Asia. In doing so, it points to the implications of the globalisation of Asian specificities for migration thinking.
Othering and Recognition: National Ideologies in Donor-Recipient Encounters in Hungarian Co-Ethnic Philanthropy
Authors: Zakariás Ildikó
Published: November 2019

The paper analyses minority — kin-state relations in the context of philanthropy initiated from Hungary, supporting ethnic Hungarian minority communities abroad. It focuses on the role of national ideologies and their reproduction in philanthropic interactions. Relying upon postcolonial theories of giving and helping, as well as theories of recognition it shows that the working of such national ideologies are intimately tied to donor-recipient binary positions, hierarchies and power relations. By providing the value system behind solidarity, national ideologies may carry the potentials of recognition of recipients. However, such ideologies simoultaneously offer assymmetric positions for participants of helping interactions, Othering recipients, and implying their misrecognition. These processes, with a major emphasis on recipient perspectives will be described in the paper, based on qualitative data collected between 2009 and 2014 in three philanthropic programs, promoting Hungarian language education, and supporting Hungarian language teachers, schools and children and their families in Moldavia (Romania) and Transcarpathia (Ukraine).
Forced Returns of International Migrants in Senegal: Family Dilemmas Facing Mental Illness
Authors: Petit Véronique
Published: November 2019

This article describes the situation of Senegalese migrants returning to their country of origin because of a mental illness that appeared during the migratory experience. While the international migrant embodies a figure of success, the effects of illness and the temporality of treatment alter his status as a hero. In the context of a moral economy, the family is gradually faced with the dilemma of remaining loyal to the migrant by bearing the cost of his health or giving up investing in a migrant considered more and more as a patient with no productive future. In a context where mental illness is a source of shame and dishonor, some sick migrants are abandoned by their families. They find refuge with murid marabouts specialized in the treatment of mental illnesses. In accordance with the doctrine of labor mouride, the physical and psychic activities deploy therapeutic virtues and are salvatrices. The sufferings of exile and the hardships linked to the disease make sense in the therapeutic work undertaken.
Multifarious facets in the thinking of the elusive Friedrich Schleiermacher (21 November 1768 – 12 February 1834)
Authors: Van Aarde Andries G.
Published: November 2019

This article forms part of the commemoration of Friedrich Schleiermacher, who died 185 years ago on 12 February 1834. It focuses on the aspects of Schleiermacher’s life and work that have influenced the author the most. The article consists of personal annotations, Schleiermacher’s understanding of ‘divine’ hermeneutics, his notion of congeniality and his ‘subscription’ to creedal Christianity while promoting the freedom of the exegete to interpret the Bible and ecclesiastical confessions robustly and critically.
Metals and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) of surface waters in two adjacent watersheds in the eastern Amazon
Authors: Felizzola Juliana Feitosa , Cak Anthony D. , Figueiredo Ricardo De Oliveira , Lima Marcelo De Oliveira
Published: November 2019

Land-use intensification in the "Zona Bragantina" region, an area in the eastern Brazilian Amazon, has accelerated landscape changes from primary forest to a mixture of different land uses: native forest (riparian vegetation), secondary forest, pasture, annual cropland, perennial cropland, bare soil and fallow vegetation, with negative consequences for the stability and equilibrium of river systems. This study examined the temporal and spatial variation of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and metal concentrations in stream water of the Cumaru (ICU) and São João (ISJ) watersheds from May 2014 to April 2015, to understand the chemical changes in forests and agro-ecosystems during one year. In both watersheds, higher concentrations of dissolved metals (aluminum, sodium, barium, calcium, iron, potassium, magnesium, copper and zinc) and DOC were measured in the rainy season, with considerable variability due to precipitation events. Furthermore, strong spatial variation was observed, with lower conductivity, higher pH, and higher concentrations of DOC and dissolved metals in the downstream reaches, especially for DOC in a small reservoir below a dam in ISJ. Significant human intervention was located in these downstream areas, including nearby agriculture and pasture, and use of stream resources for domestic activity. Sandy soil in these areas likely facilitated leachate processes, mainly in deforested areas, supporting the increased movement of metals from the land to the stream.
Low-cost wireless sensor network applied to real-time monitoring and control of water consumption in residences
Authors: Alves Arnon Jadir Rodrigues , Manera Leandro Tiago , Campos Marcel Veloso
Published: November 2019

The objective of this work is to explore the implementation of a low-cost real-time monitoring and control of water consumption together with a user feedback interface. Water usage information will be available in a cloud storage and can be accessed through a mobile application. The collected data allows access and supervision of both client- and water concessionaire. Project feasibility is analyzed in terms of hardware and software, as well as each element required for the design. The simulations were carried out with the purpose of verifying system operation, considering the following metrics: transmission rate, signal strength and transmission quality. After the simulations, the hardware and software were integrated, and the final result was presented through a mobile application. This work presents and applies a design and development methodology of Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) using Internet of Things (IoT) technologies and Smart City in water-distribution systems.
Decolorization of textile azo dye Reactive Red 239 by the novel strain Shewanella xiamenensis G5-03 isolated from contaminated soil
Authors: Cossolin Aline Silva , Reis Hélen Cristina Oliveira dos , Castro Ketinny Camargo de , Santos Bruna Assis Paim dos , Marques Matheus Zimermann , Parizotto Carlos Adriano , Dall´Oglio Evandro Luiz , Vasconcelos Leonardo Gomes de , Morais Eduardo Beraldo de
Published: November 2019

Shewanella xiamenensis G5-03 isolated from contaminated landfill soil efficiently decolorized five textile azo dyes under static conditions. One of them, Reactive Red 239 (RR239), was completely decolorized at a pH range of 7 to 11 (at 35°C) within 3-6 h. The bacterium was also efficiently decolorized RR239 in a wide temperature range of 25-40°C (at pH 8). The kinetics of RR239 decolorization by G5-03 fitted to the Michaelis–Menten Model (Km = 443.3 mg L-1, Vmax = 166.7 mg L-1 h-1). The decolorization of RR239 was monitored by UV-Vis and FTIR spectroscopy, which showed significant changes in peak positions when compared to the dye spectrum. Overall, the ability of S. xiamenensis G5-03 to decolorize textile azo dyes in a wide range of temperatures and pH (neutral-alkaline) indicate that this strain is a potential candidate for treating dye-containing effluent.
Zariski K3 surfaces
Authors: Katsura Toshiyuki , Schütt Matthias
Published: November 2019

We construct Zariski K3 surfaces of Artin invariant 1, 2 and 3 in many characteristics. In particular, we prove that any supersingular Kummer surface is Zariski if

p\not\equiv 1

mod 12. Our methods combine different approaches such as quotients by the group scheme

\alpha_p

, Kummer surfaces, and automorphisms of hyperelliptic curves.
Nitrification of the lowermost stratosphere during the exceptionally cold Arctic winter 2015–2016
Authors: Braun Marleen , Grooß Jens-Uwe , Woiwode Wolfgang , Johansson Sören , Höpfner Michael , Friedl-Vallon Felix , Oelhaf Hermann , Preusse Peter , Ungermann Jörn , Sinnhuber Björn-Martin , Ziereis Helmut , Braesicke Peter
Published: November 2019

Abstract. The Arctic winter 2015–2016 was characterized by exceptionally low stratospheric temperatures, favouring the formation of polar stratospheric clouds (PSCs) from mid-December until the end of February down to low stratospheric altitudes. Observations by GLORIA (Gimballed Limb Observer for Radiance Imaging of the Atmosphere) on HALO (High Altitude and LOng range research aircraft) during the PGS (POLSTRACC–GW-LCYCLE II–SALSA) campaign from December 2015 to March 2016 allow the investigation of the influence of denitrification on the lowermost stratosphere (LMS) with a high spatial resolution.
Two-dimensional vertical cross sections of nitric acid (HNO3) along the flight track and tracer–tracer correlations derived from the GLORIA observations document detailed pictures of wide-spread nitrification of the Arctic LMS during the course of an entire winter. GLORIA observations show large-scale structures and local fine structures with enhanced absolute HNO3 volume mixing ratios reaching up to 11 ppbv at altitudes of 13 km in January and nitrified filaments persisting until the middle of March. Narrow coherent structures tilted with altitude of enhanced HNO3, observed in mid-January, are interpreted as regions recently nitrified by sublimating HNO3-containing particles.
Overall, extensive nitrification of the LMS between 5.0 and 7.0 ppbv at potential temperature levels between 350 and 380 K is estimated.
The GLORIA observations are compared with CLaMS (Chemical Lagrangian Model of the Stratosphere) simulations. The fundamental structures observed by GLORIA are well reproduced, but differences in the fine structures are diagnosed. Further, CLaMS predominantly underestimates the spatial extent of HNO3 maxima derived from the GLORIA observations as well as the overall nitrification of the LMS. Sensitivity simulations with CLaMS including (i) enhanced sedimentation rates in case of ice supersaturation (to resemble ice nucleation on nitric acid trihydrate (NAT)), (ii) a global temperature offset, (iii) modified growth rates (to resemble aspherical particles with larger surfaces) and (iv) temperature fluctuations (to resemble the impact of small-scale mountain waves) slightly improved the agreement with the GLORIA observations of individual flights. However, no parameter could be isolated which resulted in a general improvement for all flights. Still, the sensitivity simulations suggest that details of particle microphysics play a significant role for simulated LMS nitrification in January, while air subsidence, transport and mixing become increasingly important for the simulated HNO3 distributions towards the end of the winter.
Combination of precise orbit solutions for Sentinel-3A using Variance Component Estimation
Authors: Kobel Cyril , Arnold Daniel , Jäggi Adrian
Published: November 2019

Abstract. In this article we analyze the benefit of computing a combined solution from individual orbit solutions for the low Earth orbiting satellite Sentinel-3A. The selected combination scheme for calculating the combined solution is Variance Component Estimation (VCE). Before a combination is calculated, the individual orbit solutions are analyzed to identify systematic differences and characteristics. Simulation studies are performed to show under which conditions a combined solution of superior quality may be expected. The combined solution is validated by Satellite Laser Ranging (SLR) measurements and compared with SLR validations of the individual solutions. The result of this investigation shows that VCE, implemented as an iterative procedure, is suitable to obtain an orbit solution of superior quality for Sentinel-3A.