bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Termini-free Molecular Beacon Utilizing Silylated Perylene and Anthraquinone Attached to the C-5 Position of Pyrimidine Nucleobase
Authors: Sato Yuzuru , Moriguchi Tomohisa , Shinozuka Kazuo
Published: April 2012

A termini-free molecular beacon type of DNA bearing a novel silylated perylene and an anthraquinone both at the C-5 position of deoxyuridine residues exhibits prominent fluorescence upon mixing with complementary oligonucleotide (24- to 50-fold increase in comparison with a single-stranded state) along with one base mismatch discrimination ability.
12-Tungstophosphoric Acid Immobilized on γ-Fe2O3@SiO2 Core–Shell Nanoparticles: An Effective Solid Acid Catalyst for the Synthesis of Indole Derivatives in Water
Authors: Rafiee Ezzat , Eavani Sara , Malaekeh-Nikouei Bizhan
Published: April 2012

12-Tungstophosphoric acid immobilized on γ-Fe2O3@SiO2 core–shell nanoparticles was used as novel solid acid catalyst for the synthesis of various bis(indolyl)methanes and β-functionalized indoles in water. The catalyst can be recovered simply using an external magnetic field and reused several times without appreciable loss of its catalytic activity.
Acute coronary syndrome following snake bite: a report of three cases from a tertiary care hospital in rural southern India
Authors: Sundaraperumal Ramkumar , Mohanasundaram Kavitha , Kumarasamy Subramaniyan
Published: April 2012

Snake bite is a common cause of preventable death in rural India which is often due to neurological complications and coagulopathy. We report on three patients who presented with bites and later developed acute coronary syndrome during the course of their stay in hospital. Such patients have to be managed conservatively because of their coexistent coagulopathy.
Questionnaire about Low Frequency Noise Measurements in Rooms
Authors: Oliva David
Published: April 2012

Room modes at low frequencies generate large sound pressure level differences within enclosures. The resulting sound field is complicated and the sound pressure level measurements become very uncertain. Consequently, the measurements of environmental noise in dwellings, of occupational noise exposure, and of sound insulation of façades, are not accurate at low frequencies. A special measurement methodology exists in a few countries. Measurement methods aim to be accurate and reliable, but they can not determine, at the same time, both the existing and the experienced sound field. A questionnaire was created to gather opinions on how measurements should be performed from several experts with experience in low frequency noise measurements in rooms. Twenty-three experts took part in this survey. The results from the questionnaire are presented in this paper. Most participants considered it necessary to standardize a reliable measurement method, but there was no unanimity about what the method should be. The most controversial points of discussion were the locations where the measurements should be taken, and how the measured data should be analyzed. A brief discussion of these points is presented.
Comparison between ISO 2631–1 Comfort Prediction Equations and Self-Reported Comfort Values during Occupational Exposure to Whole-Body Vehicular Vibration
Authors: Plewa Katherine M. , Eger Tammy R. , Oliver Michele L. , Dickey James P.
Published: April 2012

It is important to understand whole body vibration (WBV) since it affects comfort and is important in worker health and performance. Although discomfort can be subjectively evaluated, the ISO 2631–1 standard predicts discomfort based on vibration magnitudes, frequencies and durations. The objective of this study was to determine whether the ISO 2631–1 prediction method produces similar results to self-reported discomfort levels during routine heavy machinery operations in the field. While working under normal conditions, 6 df seat-pan vibration data were recorded in construction, mining, and forestry vehicles. At 5-minute intervals, operators rated their discomfort based on the preceding minute of vibration exposure. Discomfort was predicted from the vibration total value for each corresponding one-minute vibration profile. Each industry showed consistent trends between the predicted and self-reported discomfort; however, there were different relationships between industries. Construction showed a weak positive relationship ( r2=0.09) between predicted and self-reported discomfort values, whereas both forestry and mining showed no relationship. The predicted discomfort levels did not accurately represent self-reported discomfort; this is similar to some previous studies, but contrasts with other studies. This variability may be due to discrepancies with the prediction equations, or perhaps due to additional factors being incorporated into self-reported comfort measures, such as temperature, noise, and fatigue.
Overtraining or Burnout: A Training and Psycho-Behavioural Case Study
Authors: Main Luana C. , Landers Grant J.
Published: April 2012

The aim of this article is to present case study data that challenges the popular conception that athlete burnout represents the ultimate outcome of overtraining. A young male triathlete (22 yrs) completed a comprehensive training diary, along with the Athlete Burnout Questionnaire (ABQ) and the Multi-component Training Distress Scale (MTDS) weekly from the commencement of pre-season training, until the end of the competitive season 45 weeks later. Results were analysed retrospectively upon completion of the season and followed up with semi-structured interviews with the coach and athlete. These longitudinal observations are the first to document an athlete who appears to have simultaneously become overtrained and developed athlete burnout as measured by the ABQ. Thus we are advocating a need for future research to clarify differences between these two training-stress syndromes, specifically in relation to their aetiology, to avoid misdiagnosis and to ensure appropriate treatment for athletes experiencing these conditions is provided.
Effect of Basketball Mass on Shot Performance among 9–11 Year-Old Male Players
Authors: Arias José L. , Argudo Francisco M. , Alonso José I.
Published: April 2012

The goal of this study was to analyse with which ball the participants achieved a greater number of shot attempts and successful shots. The participants included fifty-four 9–11 year-old children from six basketball teams. We established three situations in which the participants played four games with each of the following balls: a) regulation (485 g, 69–71 cm); b) ball of smaller mass (440 g, 69–71 cm); and c) ball of greater mass (540 g, 69–71 cm). The results reflected statistically significant differences for the ball possessions in which there was no shot attempt (χ2=11.751, df=2, p=.003), for the free throw shot attempts (χ2=14.213, df=2, p=.001), the 2-point field goal attempts (χ2=6.921, df=2, p=.031), successful free throws (χ2=6.273, df=2, p=.043), and successful 3-point field goals (χ2=5.545, df=2, p=.05). The highest frequency of shot attempts and successful shots occurred with the ball that had a mass of 440g.
Nicorandil associated anal ulcers: an estimate of incidence
Authors: Colvin HS , Barakat T , Moussa O , Babu H , Slaughter T , Palmer JG , Hinson FL
Published: April 2012

INTRODUCTION

Nicorandil is a commonly prescribed antianginal medication that has been found to be associated with painful anal ulceration. The incidence of this complication is unknown. We have used the best data available to us to make an estimate of this figure in a health district with a remarkably stable population of approximately 200,000 people.

METHODS

Using an electronic search of all letters generated from colorectal and gastroenterology clinics as well as endoscopy reports from January 2004 to November 2010, patients with anal ulceration who were taking nicorandil were identified. Other causes of ulceration were excluded by biopsy in the majority of cases. The central hospital and community pharmacy database was interrogated to estimate the number of patients who were prescribed nicorandil over a six-year period (2004-2010).

RESULTS

A total of 30 patients (24 men, 6 women) with a median age of 79.5 years were identified who fulfilled the criteria of: taking nicorandil; having no other identified cause for anal ulceration; and achieving eventual healing after withdrawal of nicorandil. In the six-year period an estimated mean of 1,379 patients were prescribed nicorandil each year. The mean annual incidence of anal ulcers among nicorandil users is therefore calculated to be in the region of 0.37%.

CONCLUSIONS

Anal ulceration appears to occur in approximately four in every thousand patients prescribed nicorandil each year. Prescribing physicians should explain the risk of this unpleasant complication to their patients.
Is there a role for music in reducing anxiety in plastic surgery minor operations?
Authors: Sadideen H , Parikh A , Dobbs T , Pay A , Critchley PS
Published: April 2012

Introduction

It is well documented that music plays a role in reducing anxiety levels. Its role in reducing intra-operative anxiety levels in surgical patients while awake is less well known. We report the effects of music on intra-operative patient anxiety in both the elective and trauma plastic surgical setting.

Methods

Two groups of patients undergoing local anaesthetic surgical procedures were identified: those where music was played in the operating theatre (Group 1) and those where it was not (Group 2). Ninety-six patients were included. Subjectively anxiety was evaluated by the patient with a visual analogue scale (VAS) and objectively by the respiratory rate (RR), both pre and post-operatively. The unpaired t-test was used to evaluate the statistical significance of differences between the groups.

Results

The mean pre-operative VAS score was similar in both groups (5.7 in Group 1 and 5.8 in Group 2). The mean preoperative RR was 15 breaths per minute in both groups. Post-operatively, the VAS score and RR were both lower in Group 1 (VAS: 3.5 vs 4.9; p<0.01 and RR: 11 vs 13 breaths per minute; p<0.05).

Conclusions

In the era of the patient centred approach to clinical care, it is crucial to minimise patient anxiety. Music appears to reduce intra-operative anxiety in awake patients in both the elective and trauma plastic surgical setting. Easy listening music and chart classics appear to be suitable genres according to patients. We believe there is a role for a large, multicentre, randomised control study to examine the benefits of music in all local anaesthetic procedures across different specialties.
Pilocytic astrocytoma mimicking craniopharyngioma: a case series
Authors: Skipworth JRA , Hill CS , Jones T , Foster J , Chopra I , Powell M
Published: April 2012

Although they are one of the most common brain tumours in childhood, piiocytic astrocytomas are rare in adulthood. We report a series of three piiocytic astrocytomas presenting as an intra/suprasellar mass in the fourth to sixth decades of life. All three radiologically mimicked the appearance of a craniopharyngioma, thus representing a potential radiological and diagnostic pitfall. In this series all three patients underwent successful operative management and have remained well throughout follow-up.

The majority of information concerning piiocytic astrocytomas is derived from paediatric populations and so only limited and often conflicting data exist for piiocytic astrocytomas developing in adulthood. Decisions regarding treatment of piiocytic astrocytomas in adults must be made on a multidisciplinary, case-by-case basis.
Acute neck pain referred to the surgeon: Lemierre's syndrome as a differential diagnosis
Authors: Chattopadhyay D , Mostafa ML , Carr M
Published: April 2012

Lemierre's syndrome is usually reported in the young and in fit individuals. We report a case of an 81-year-old woman who presented with thrombophlebitis of the internal jugular vein with a pulmonary embolism.
Current practice in abdominoperineal resection: an email survey of the membership of the Association of Coloproctology
Authors: Dabbas N , Adams K , Chave H , Branagan G
Published: April 2012

INTRODUCTION

This study aimed to gain insight into current preferences for type of surgical approach and patient positioning in abdominoperineal excision of the rectum (APER), to identify whether these factors affect self-reported oncological outcomes and complication rates, and to assess the opinions of members of the Association of Coloproctology of Great Britain and Ireland (ACPGBI) with regards to the benefit of a national training programme for APER surgery.

METHODS

Members of the ACPGBI were surveyed using a questionnaire designed to examine surgeon/departmental demographics, type of APER practised, audit of results and complications, opinions regarding extralevator APER (ELAPER) and opinions regarding the potential benefit of a national training programme.

RESULTS

According to the survey, 62% of surgeons perform perineal dissection in the supine position and 57% perform a standard APER technique. Surgeons who only practise colorectal surgery (p=0.002) and surgeons performing prone dissection (/xO.0001) are more likely to perform ELAPER. Three-quarters (76%) audit their results for perineal wound complication rates. Over 80% audit their oncological outcomes. The vast majority (94.6%) of those who perform ELAPER believe there is a benefit to this method while 59.6% of those who do not perform ELAPER still believe there is a benefit to ELAPER. Only 50% feel that there should be a national training programme.

CONCLUSIONS

There is a distinct discordance with regards to the APER technique. Among UK colorectal surgeons, although a significant proportion favours ELAPER, there remains a larger proportion still performing standard APER techniques.
Role of Chitin in Montmorillonite Fabric: Transmission Electron Microscope Observations
Authors: Kim Jinwook , Furukawa Yoko , Curry Kenneth J. , Bennett Richard H.
Published: April 2012

Particle concentration, charge, solution chemistry (i.e. ionic strength), and the nature of organic matter (OM) are the major factors controlling particle flocculation in aqueous environments. In the present study, the nature of clay fabric associated with clay—OM interaction at a range of ionic strengths was the focus. In the flocculation experiments, the aqueous suspension of montmorillonite and chitin was mixed with NaCl/MgSO4 electrolyte solution. Advanced sample-preparation techniques and visualization methods using transmission electron microscopy were used to observe directly the micro- and nano-scale clay—OM fabric of the resulting flocs. Such direct observation elucidated the role of OM in clay flocculation; few attempts have been made in the past due to the technical difficulties in preserving the original structure. A comparison of clay fabric at two different ionic strengths of 0 and 0.14 M revealed that the individual hexagonal clay particles settled slowly with little intra-aggregate void space (void ratio: 0.07) at 0 M while rapid flocculation and settling of clay particles at 0.14 M, with or without OM, resulted in a more open fabric with greater void space (void ratio: 0.33). The silver-staining technique demonstrated effectively the location of electron-transparent chitin in montmorillonite aggregates. Chitin appeared to link the face-to-face (FF) contacts of clay domains by bridging between negatively charged face surfaces. However, the resultant void ratio and the average hydrodynamic diameter (dH) values were lower than in the OM-free system after flocculation. The results indicated that the interplay between ionic strength and OM content affected the floc architecture and void ratio.
Dyslexic writers and the idea of authorship
Authors: Folb Naomi
Published: April 2012

Much of the research on dyslexia and writing explores dyslexia as a deficit. When it is through the historically famous or in comparison to non-dyslexic people, the researcher starts with an idea of what dyslexia is and seeks to identify it; for example, by evidence of orthographic
aberration in their writing. The purpose of this study was to draw on critical theory from outside the dyslexia literature which rejects the principle that the relation between author and text is simple and transparent. This is with a view to understand both the context in which the work was
written, but also acknowledges the reader’s role in interpretation, or the ‘relation of address’. Moving away from the assumption that the dyslexic must ‘overcome’ dyslexia to write, the research draws on autobiographical writing by contemporary dyslexic writers.
I argue that these reveal how mistakes and imprecision are connected with a love for language and the imagination. While traditionally dyslexia has been depicted from the viewpoint of non-dyslexic people as a ‘suffering’, as in – one is thought to ‘suffer from dyslexia’
– these representations of dyslexia suggest suffering is not simply ‘there’, as something one ‘has’. Dyslexic writing therefore provides insight, not into the pathology of the author, but what the binary of inclusion/exclusion means to them.
Role of Projections from Ventral Medial Prefrontal Cortex to Nucleus Accumbens Shell in Context-Induced Reinstatement of Heroin Seeking
Authors: Bossert Jennifer M. , Stern Anna L. , Theberge Florence R. M. , Marchant Nathan J. , Wang Hui-Ling , Morales Marisela , Shaham Yavin
Published: April 2012

In humans, exposure to contexts previously associated with heroin use can provoke relapse. In rats, exposure to heroin-paired contexts after extinction of drug-reinforced responding in different contexts reinstates heroin seeking. This effect is attenuated by inhibition of glutamate or dopamine transmission in nucleus accumbens shell, or inactivation of ventral medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC). Here, we used an anatomical asymmetrical disconnection procedure to demonstrate that an interaction between glutamatergic projections from ventral mPFC to accumbens shell and local dopamine D1postsynaptic receptors contributes to context-induced reinstatement of heroin seeking. We also combined the marker of neuronal activity, Fos, with the retrograde tracer Fluoro-Gold to assess activation in this pathway during context-induced reinstatement. Rats were trained to self-administer heroin for 12 d; drug infusions were paired with a discrete tone–light cue. Lever pressing was subsequently extinguished in a nondrug-associated context in the presence of the discrete cue. Rats were then tested in the heroin- or extinction-associated contexts under extinction conditions. Injections of muscimol + baclofen into ventral mPFC in one hemisphere and D1-family receptor antagonist SCH 23390 into the contralateral or ipsilateral accumbens shell decreased context-induced reinstatement. Unilateral injections of muscimol + baclofen into ventral mPFC or SCH 23390 into the accumbens shell had no effect. Context-induced reinstatement was associated with increased Fos expression in ventral mPFC neurons, including those projecting to accumbens shell, with higher double-labeling in the ipsilateral projection than in the contralateral projection. Our results demonstrate that activation of glutamatergic projections from ventral mPFC to accumbens shell, previously implicated in inhibition of cocaine relapse, promotes heroin relapse.
Coincident Generation of Pyramidal Neurons and Protoplasmic Astrocytes in Neocortical Columns
Authors: Magavi Sanjay , Friedmann Drew , Banks Garrett , Stolfi Alberto , Lois Carlos
Published: April 2012

Astrocytes, one of the most common cell types in the brain, are essential for processes ranging from neural development through potassium homeostasis to synaptic plasticity. Surprisingly, the developmental origins of astrocytes in the neocortex are still controversial. To investigate the patterns of astrocyte development in the neocortex we examined cortical development in a transgenic mouse in which a random, sparse subset of neural progenitors undergoes CRE/lox recombination, permanently labeling their progeny. We demonstrate that neural progenitors in neocortex generate discrete columnar structures that contain both projection neurons and protoplasmic astrocytes. Ninety-five percent of developmental cortical columns labeled in our system contained both astrocytes and neurons. The astrocyte to neuron ratio of labeled cells in a developmental column was 1:7.4, similar to the overall ratio of 1:8.4 across the entire gray matter of the neocortex, indicating that column-associated astrocytes account for the majority of protoplasmic astrocytes in neocortex. Most of the labeled columns contained multiple clusters of several astrocytes. Dividing cells were found at the base of neuronal columns at the beginning of gliogenesis, and later within the cortical layers, suggesting a mechanism by which astrocytes could be distributed within a column. These data indicate that radial glia are the source of both neurons and astrocytes in the neocortex, and that these two cell types are generated in a spatially restricted manner during cortical development.
Differential Association of Receptor-Gβγ Complexes with β-Arrestin2 Determines Recycling Bias and Potential for Tolerance of Delta Opioid Receptor Agonists
Authors: Audet Nicolas , Charfi Iness , Mnie-Filali Ouissame , Amraei Mohammad , Chabot-Doré Anne-Julie , Millecamps Magali , Stone Laura S. , Pineyro Graciela
Published: April 2012

Opioid tendency to generate analgesic tolerance has been previously linked to biased internalization. Here, we assessed an alternative possibility; whether tolerance of delta opioid receptor agonists (DORs) could be related to agonist-specific recycling. A first series of experiments revealed that DOR internalization by DPDPE and SNC-80 was similar, but only DPDPE induced recycling. We then established that the non-recycling agonist SNC-80 generated acute analgesic tolerance that was absent in mice treated with DPDPE. Furthermore, both agonists stabilized different conformations, whose distinct interaction with Gβγ subunits led to different modalities of β-arrestin2 (βarr2) recruitment. In particular, bioluminescence resonance energy transfer (BRET) assays revealed that sustained activation by SNC-80 drew the receptor C terminus in close proximity of the N-terminal domain of Gγ2, causing βarr2 to interact with receptors and Gβγ subunits. DPDPE moved the receptor C-tail away from the Gβγ dimer, resulting in βarr2 recruitment to the receptor but not in the vicinity of Gγ2. These differences were associated with stable DOR-βarr2 association, poor recycling, and marked desensitization following exposure to SNC-80, while DPDPE promoted transient receptor interaction with βarr2 and effective recycling, which conferred protection from desensitization. Together, these data indicate that DORs may adopt ligand-specific conformations whose distinct recycling properties determine the extent of desensitization and are predictive of analgesic tolerance. Based on these findings, we propose that the development of functionally selective DOR ligands that favor recycling could constitute a valid strategy for the production of longer acting opioid analgesics.
Thalamocortical Dysfunction and Thalamic Injury after Asphyxial Cardiac Arrest in Developing Rats
Authors: Shoykhet Michael , Simons Daniel J. , Alexander Henry , Hosler Christina , Kochanek Patrick M. , Clark Robert S. B.
Published: April 2012

Global hypoxia-ischemia interrupts oxygen delivery and blood flow to the entire brain. Previous studies of global brain hypoxia-ischemia have primarily focused on injury to the cerebral cortex and to the hippocampus. Susceptible neuronal populations also include inhibitory neurons in the thalamic reticular nucleus. We therefore investigated the impact of global brain hypoxia-ischemia on the thalamic circuit function in the somatosensory system of young rats. We used single neuron recordings and controlled whisker deflections to examine responses of thalamocortical neurons to sensory stimulation in rat survivors of 9 min of asphyxial cardiac arrest incurred on postnatal day 17. We found that 48–72 h after cardiac arrest, thalamocortical neurons demonstrate significantly elevated firing rates both during spontaneous activity and in response to whisker deflections. The elevated evoked firing rates persist for at least 6–8 weeks after injury. Despite the overall increase in firing, by 6 weeks, thalamocortical neurons display degraded receptive fields, with decreased responses to adjacent whiskers. Nine minutes of asphyxial cardiac arrest was associated with extensive degeneration of neurites in the somatosensory nucleus as well as activation of microglia in the reticular nucleus. Global brain hypoxia-ischemia during cardiac arrest has a long-term impact on processing and transfer of sensory information by thalamic circuitry. Thalamic circuitry and normalization of its function may represent a distinct therapeutic target after cardiac arrest.
Optimale Mautgebühren — Ein Modell und ein Optimalitätstest
Authors: Dempe Stephan , Lohse Sebastian
Published: April 2012

Dieser Beitrag beschäftigt sich mit der Formulierung eines Modells zur Berechnung von Mautgebühren, die eine effiziente Nutzung eines Straßennetzes gewährleisten. Für einen gegebenen Fluss wird eine Optimalitätsbedingung angegeben, welche sich unter gewissen Voraussetzungen in Polynomialzeit prüfen lässt. Dabei zeigt ein Beispiel jeweils, dass diese Voraussetzungen alle erfüllbar sind.
Allopurinol-induced hypersensitivity syndrome
Authors: Kinyó Ágnes , Lakatos Anna , Varga Anita , Gyulai Roland , Varga Erika , Bata-Csörgő Zsuzsanna , Kemény Lajos
Published: April 2012

Allopurinol is an effective urate lowering drug, which is usually well-tolerated with no adverse effects in most cases, but about 2% of the treated patients develop a skin rash, and patients may experience severe allopurinol-induced hypersensitivity syndrome. Aims: The aim of the authors was to summarize and present the clinical manifestations of allopurinol-induced hypersensitivity in patients treated at the Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University of Szeged in order to identify potential associations with this syndrome. Methods: Retrospective review of all patients who were referred to the department with allopurinol-induced hypersensitivity syndrome in the last four years. Results: During four years, 11 patients were treated with allopurinol-induced hypersensitivity syndrome. The average age was 70.3 years. Before the initiation of allopurinol therapy, 36% of patients had already suffered from various degrees of renal impairment, and 72% of them had been taking thiazide diuretics. Cutaneous manifestations were mainly generalized, erythematous, maculopapular exanthemas (9 patients, 82%), and two patients showed signs of erythema multiforme (18%). Asymptomatic hyperuricemia was the indication for allopurinol therapy in all patients. Conclusions: Allopurinol-induced hypersensitivity syndrome is a severe, life-threatening disease. Administration of allopurinol should be initiated with clear indications in appropriate dose. Old age, underlying renal impairment and concomitant thiazide diuretic intake should be considered as potential risk factors for developing hypersensitivity syndrome. Orv. Hetil., 2012, 153, 586–591.
Psychological factors of successful kidney transplantations. The effects of anxiety and intrapsychic integration of the organ on recovery
Authors: Látos Melinda , Barabás Katalin , Lázár György , Marofka Ferenc , Szederkényi Edit , Szenohradszky Pál , Csabai Márta
Published: April 2012

Transplant patients’ attitudes and representations related to their illness, their body, and the healing process have a significant impact on their recovery. Aims: The study involved 51 patients from the Department of Surgery, University of Szeged, Hungary. The primary aim was to examine the possible connections between emotional and mood factors, illness and body representations, and the successful onset of renal functions after surgery. Methods: Patients were tested with a combination of 4 instruments: Spielberger’s anxiety scale and Beck depression scale, self and organ drawings, and a questionnaire designed by the authors. Results: Our data suggest that high distress correlates with kidney disfunction after transplantation. Patients with higher anxiety drew the kidney larger in their projective drawing test. It was a remarkable result that post-transplant blood test on Day 10 showed significantly lower creatinine and urea levels in those patients who had drawn the kidney smaller in their projective drawing test. This might indicate that the organ’s normal intrapsychic integration and the related kidney functions are disturbed. Conclusions: The results of this study provide useful information about the psychological background, which has received relatively little attention so far. It can also give important clues for further research on clinical health psychology in supporting the healing process. Orv. Hetil., 2012, 153, 592–597.
Noise-induced gastric lesions: a light and electron microscopy study of the rat gastric wall exposed to low frequency noise
Authors: Fonseca Jorge , Martins-dos-Santos José , Oliveira Pedro , Laranjeira Nuno , Aguas Artur , Castelo-Branco Nuno
Published: April 2012

CONTEXT: Only a few studies evaluated the digestive alterations caused by low frequency noise (LFN) and most focused only on mucosal alterations. OBJECTIVES: To investigate the morphological injury of LFN-exposed gastric wall, beyond the epithelial layer. METHODS: Wistar rats were exposed to low frequency noise (LFN), during increasing periods, 1 to 13 weeks. A control group was kept in silence. Gastric specimens were studied using: (i) light microscopy with hematoxylin-eosin and immunostaining for collagens; (ii) transmission electron microscopy; (iii) morphometry allowing statistical analysis. RESULTS: Submucosa of all LFN-exposed animals exhibit increased thickness with fibrous proliferation. Transmission electron microscopy showed massive collagen deposition. Immunostaining identified collagen IV as responsible for the increased thickness. Morphometry allowed the demonstration of a significant difference of thickness between control and exposed groups. Vascular alterations included: i) intima proliferation and thickening, rupture of the internal elastic lamina, thrombotic changes; ii) thickening of the media; iii) after 9 weeks of LFN-exposure, we found new formed vessel presenting tortuous and twisted. There is a significant difference of arterial wall thickness between control and exposed groups. CONCLUSIONS: Deeper layers of gastric wall undergo alterations, including fibrosis of the submucosa caused by collagen IV deposition, an early marker of neoangiogenesis. Vascular alterations included thickening and thrombotic phenomena, but also images of newly formed vessels. This study suggests that, at least in the stomach, LFN-induced fibrosis could be linked with neoangiogenesis.
Perfil epidemiológico de pacientes com hérnia incisional
Authors: Ramos Fernanda Zandavalli , Signore Fernando Luiz , Ribas-Filho Jurandir Marcondes , Thiele Edilson Schwansee , Dobrowolski Samuel , Salles Jr Guataçara Schenfelder , Fonseca Vinicius Ribas de Carvalho Duarte , Baroncello João
Published: April 2012

RACIONAL: A hérnia incisional é uma das doenças mais freqüentes ligadas diretamente ao ato cirúrgico. Os principais fatores de risco do seu desenvolvimento estão relacionados ao paciente e pós-operatório, dificultando sua prevenção. Seu tratamento é difícil e as recidivas são comuns, com impacto socioeconômico substancial. OBJETIVO: Delinear epidemiologicamente os pacientes com hérnia incisional. MÉTODOS: A amostra foi composta por 46 prontuários de pacientes que foram submetidos à operações de correção de eventração no HUEC entre janeiro de 2005 e dezembro de 2006. RESULTADOS: Mostrou existir 45 pacientes de etnia leucodérmica, com idade média de 51,6 anos. Trinta e um apresentavam pelo menos uma co-morbidade associada, não havendo diferenças relevantes quanto ao sexo. Dentre elas sobressaíram-se obesidade, cardiopatia, neoplasia e diabetes, representando respectivamente 14,10, 9 e 7 pacientes. Foram diversas as causas que levaram ao procedimento cirúrgico, sendo 31 destas por afecções em trato gastrintestinal. A incisão mais herniogênica foi a mediana supra e infra-umbilical, em 16 pacientes. Infecção ocorreu no pós-operatório de 17 pacientes, sendo a intercorrência mais encontrada. As eventrações eram em sua maioria primárias, em 29 pacientes, sendo 19 destas localizadas em hipogástrio. CONCLUSÃO: O perfil de pacientes com evisceração é marcado por fatores como idade acima de 40 anos, co-morbidades existentes, infecção pós-operatória, operações em aparelho gastrintestinal e incisões em linha mediana, particularmente infra-umbilical.
Expressão citofotométrica do marcador CD34 no carcinoma epidermóide de esôfago
Authors: Lima Olímpia Alves Teixeira , Ribas-Filho Jurandir Marcondes , Czeczko Nicolau Gregori , Malafaia Osvaldo , Aoki Sonia Maria Scheneider , Dietz Ulrich Andreas , Araújo Ubirajara Rutilio Mendes e Ferreira de , Ribas Fernanda Marcondes
Published: April 2012

RACIONAL: O câncer de esôfago está entre as seis neoplasias malignas mais comuns do mundo. Devido à sua grande agressividade clínica, o subtipo carcinoma epidermóide constitui um dos tumores de pior prognóstico, com alto índice de morbi-mortalidade. Marcadores de biologia molecular tem sido apontados como forte coadjuvante no diagnóstico e graduação de tumores. A angiogênese, evento essencial para a progressão tumoral, pode ser estudada pelo marcador CD34. OBJETIVO: Determinar por citofotometria, usando o sistema SAMBA 4000, a expressão do marcador CD34 no carcinoma epidermóide de esôfago e, correlacioná-los com dados clínico-patológicos (idade, sexo, grau de diferenciação do tumor, estadio, tamanho, localização, profundidade e acometimento de linfonodos). MÉTODOS: Avaliaram-se 29 amostras teciduais de carcinoma epidermóide de esôfago utilizando-se coloração imunoistoquímica com marcador anti-CD34. A quantificação da expressão deste marcador foi realizada por citometria de imagem, pelo sistema SAMBA 4000 nas variáveis índice de marcagem e densidade óptica. A correlação entre subgrupos e análise estatística dos resultados foi realizada com o programa SPSS. RESULTADOS: A expressão média do marcador CD34 foi de 73,40% + 15,20 no índice de marcagem e 56,10 + 23,54 na densidae óptica. O CD34 não apresenta correlação estatisticamente significativa com as características clínico-histopatológicas estudadas (idade, sexo, grau de diferenciação do tumor, estadio, tamanho, localização, profundidade e acometimento de linfonodos). CONCLUSÃO: O marcador CD34 apresenta expressão no carcinoma epidermóide de esôfago, com maior valor no índice de marcagem em relação à densidade óptica. Ele4 não apresenta correlação com as características clínico-histopatológicas estudadas.
Work and Inter-subjectivity: a theoretical reflection on its dialectics in the field of health and nursing
Authors: Carvalho Brígida Gimenez , Peduzzi Marina , Mandú Edir Nei Teixeira , Ayres José Ricardo de Carvalho Mesquita
Published: April 2012

This theoretical reflection intends to show the inter-subjective relationship that takes place in health and nursing practices under the following theoretical perspectives: Institutional Analysis, Psychodynamics of Labor and the Theory of Communicative Action, with an emphasis on the latter. Linking these concepts to the Marxist approach to work in the field of health emerges from recognizing the need for its continuous reconstruction-in this case, with a view to understand the interaction and communication intrinsic to work in action. The theory of Communicative Action seeks to consider these two inextricable dimensions: work as productive action and as interaction. The first corresponds to instrumental action based on technical rules with a production-guided rationale. The second refers to the interaction that takes place as communicative action and seeks understanding among subjects. We assume that adopting this theoretical perspective in the analysis of health and nursing practices opens new possibilities for clarifying its social and historical process and inter-subjective connections.
Effectiveness of participatory-action-research to put in practice evidence at a nursing onco-hematology unit
Authors: Abad-Corpa Eva , Cabrero-García Julio , Delgado-Hito Pilar , Carrillo-Alcaraz Andrés , Meseguer-Liza Cristobal , Martínez-Corbalán José Tomás
Published: April 2012

The aim was to evaluate the effectiveness of evidence implementation through participatory-action research (PAR). A prospective quasi-experimental design with two non-equivalent and non-concurrent groups (2006 and 2008) was adopted. The research was conducted at the bone marrow transplant unit of a tertiary-level Spanish hospital. To put the evidence in practice, PAR was adopted as an "intervention studied". The dependent variables were: professional performance and patient outcomes (psycho-emotional area and adverse effects). In total, 125 patients were recruited (1st period=56; 2nd period=69). The results in the second period show significant improvements in professional performance in terms of the quality of the registers of signs and symptoms. In the psycho-emotional area, the psycho-social adjustment improved significantly; without caregiver burden or satisfaction showing any clear tendencies. Among the adverse effects, catheter-related thrombosis and catheter-related infection improved significantly; there were no significant differences in the level of pain or mucositis. Through the PAR, evidence could be put in practice and the outcomes under analysis could be improved.
Process of construction of an educational booklet for health promotion of pregnant women
Authors: Reberte Luciana Magnoni , Hoga Luiza Akiko Komura , Gomes Ana Luisa Zaniboni
Published: April 2012

This study aimed to describe the production process of an educational booklet focusing on health promotion of pregnant women. The action research method was used in this process composed of the following steps: choice of the content based on the needs of pregnant women, creation of illustrations, content preparation based on scientific literature, validation of the material by experts and pregnant women. This work resulted in the final version of the booklet, which was entitled "Celebrating life: our commitment with the health promotion of pregnant women". Active participation of health professionals and pregnant women through dialogue and collective strategy permeated the process of development of the booklet. The opinions of pregnant women and experts who considered the booklet enriching and enlightening justify the use of it as an additional resource of educational activities carried out during the prenatal care.
Impact of a participatory program to reduce noise in a Neonatal Unit
Authors: Zamberlan-Amorim Nelma Ellen , Fujinaga Cristina Ide , Hass Vanderlei José , Fonseca Luciana Mara Monti , Fortuna Cinira Magali , Scochi Carmen Gracinda Silvan
Published: April 2012

This study evaluated the impact of a participatory program to reduce noise in a neonatal intermediate care unit of a university hospital. A time-series quasi-experimental design was used, in which sound pressure levels were measured before and after the intervention was implemented using the Quest-400 dosimeter. Non-parametric statistical tests were used to compare noise with the level of significance fixed at 5%. Results showed significant reduction of sound pressure levels in the neonatal unit after the intervention program was implemented (p<0.0001). The average Leq before the intervention was 62.5dBA and was reduced to 58.8dBA after the intervention. A reduction of 7.1dBA in the average Lmax(from 104.8 to 87.7dBA) and of 30.6dBA in the average Lpeak(from 138.1 to 107.5dBA) was observed. The program was proven to be effective in significantly reducing noise levels in the neonatal unit, although levels were still more intense than recommended.
Minor psychiatric disorders among nurses university faculties
Authors: Tavares Juliana Petri , Beck Carmem Lúcia Colomé , Magnago Tânia Solange Bosi de Souza , Zanini Roselaine Ruviaro , Lautert Liana
Published: April 2012

This cross-sectional study addresses 130 nursing faculty members in federal universities from Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. It investigated the psychological demands and decision latitude (the Demand-Control Model by Karasek) and their association with Minor Psychological Disorders (MPDs). The Brazilian versions of the Self-Report-Questionnaire-20 and the Job Stress Scale were used. MPDs were prevalent in 20% of the studied individuals. After adjusting for potential confounders, the chances of participants presenting mental disorders were higher in the quadrant 'active strain jobs' (OR=14.23, 95% CI 1.55 to 130.73), followed by the 'high strain jobs' quadrant (OR=10.05, 95% CI 1.23 to 82.44), compared to nursing professors classified in the 'low strain jobs' quadrant. We conclude that high psychological demands and low control over work can cause disorders in nursing professors, among them, MPDs.
Infant mortality and prenatal care: contributions of the clinic in the light of Canguilhem and Foucault
Authors: Figueiredo Paula Pereira de , Lunardi Filho Wilson Danilo , Lunardi Valéria Lerch , Pimpão Fernanda Demutti
Published: April 2012

This review study aimed to verify how studies conducted in Brazil have related infant mortality to prenatal care and to present contributions of the clinic in the light of Canguilhem and Foucault for qualification of the care. An integrative literature review was conducted from searches in the databases SciELO, LILACS, MEDLINE and BDENF for the period 2000 to 2009. The relationship between infant mortality and prenatal care is related to the insufficient number of consultations or to the quality of the care provided. Even when the number of and routine consultations in the prenatal care were adequate, avoidable deaths were present. For the qualification of prenatal care, it is suggested that the clinical knowledge and other elements that comprise the process of human living are considered, in order that the clinical view is enlarged and articulated to the technologies available in the health system and, together, they are able to contribute to the reduction of infant mortality in Brazil.
Topical estradiol does not interfere with the expression of the metalloproteinase-1 enzyme in photo exposed skin cells
Authors: Neder Luciana , Medeiros Sebastião Freitas de
Published: April 2012

BACKGROUND: In postmenopausal women there is a rapid destruction of dermal collagen, resulting in accelerated skin ageing, which is manifested by cutaneous atrophy, increased number and depth of wrinkles and sagging. This accelerated catabolism of the collagen is due to estrogen deficiency and increased synthesis of the metalloproteinase-1 enzyme, which degrades the dermal collagen. OBJECTIVES: To assess whether the use of topical estradiol 0.05% cream on photo exposed skin can inhibit the expression of the metalloproteinase-1 enzyme on the dermis and subsequently the rapid loss of collagen in women after menopause. METHODS: We included 40 postmenopausal women without hormone replacement therapy. Information about lifestyle, lipid profile, blood glucose level, thyroid hormones, mammography, Pap smear and transvaginal ultrasound were obtained to rule out associated diseases. Skin biopsy of the right preauricular region was performed before and after treatment with topical estradiol 0.05% for 30 days. The biopsy specimens were subjected to immunohistochemistry to identify the expression of the metalloproteinase-1 enzyme. RESULTS: There was no statistically significant difference on the expression of the metalloproteinase-1 enzyme in keratinocytes, fibroblasts and endothelial cells before and after treatment with topical estradiol for 30 days. CONCLUSION: Treatment with estradiol 0.05% cream, in photo exposed skin for 30 days, does not inhibit the production of metalloproteinase-1.
Formação acadêmico-profissional dos docentes fonoaudiólogos do estado da Bahia
Authors: Nardi Vanessa De , Cardoso Carla , Araújo Roberto Paulo Correia de
Published: April 2012

OBJETIVO: analisar a formação do corpo docente graduado em Fonoaudiologia com vistas ao delineamento do perfil acadêmico-profissional do mesmo. MÉTODO: estudo observacional, descritivo e analítico, com abordagem quantitativa/ qualitativa, os dados de formação do universo de docentes fonoaudiólogos foram coletados por meio de questionário elaborado para esta finalidade e tratados com base na estatística descritiva. RESULTADOS: a análise mostrou o universo de 62 docentes, distribuídos por quatro IES, majoritariamente do gênero feminino e jovens, tendo realizado a graduação em outros estados, e cuja formação acadêmico-profissional demonstrou ser tecnicista e especializada com prerrogativa dos saberes técnicos pertinentes à profissão. CONCLUSÕES: é possível perceber que, apesar de uma formação que em sua maioria não contemplava a área da saúde coletiva, os docentes percebem essa necessidade e procuram, dentro das áreas de atuação, estabelecer alianças com ações preventivas.
Teste GIN: detecção de gap em crianças com desvio fonológico
Authors: Assis Elaine Feltre , Parreira Letícia Maria Martins Vasconcelos , Lodi Débora Fraga
Published: April 2012

OBJETIVO: investigar a resolução temporal: detecção de gaps em crianças com desvios fonológicos por meio do teste GIN e relacionar o grau do desvio fonológico com desempenho no teste GIN. MÉTODO: 6 indivíduos, de ambos os gêneros, 5 meninos e 1 menina, com idade entre 10 e 11 anos, com diagnóstico de desvio fonológico, em atendimento na clínica-escola do curso de Fonoaudiologia da FEAD de Belo Horizonte/MG, todos com ausência de perda auditiva e problemas neurológicos e/ou cognitivos. Os participantes foram submetidos ao Teste GIN, em intensidade de 50dB acima do limiar. RESULTADOS: das 06 crianças avaliadas, 5 (83,33%) encontram-se alteradas e apenas 1 (16,67%) obteve valores dentro do padrão de normalidade. Apesar da pequena amostra, viu-se que 83,33% das crianças com desvio fonológico tiveram limiares do GIN aquém do esperado para faixa etária. Porém não foi possível estabelecer uma relação direta entre grau de classificação do desvio fonológico e o baixo desempenho obtido no teste GIN, no qual apenas 1 criança com desvio médio moderado apresentou pior desempenho no teste GIN. CONCLUSÃO: crianças com desvio fonológico podem apresentar alteração no processamento temporal.
Formação inicial de professores de física: a questão da inclusão de alunos com deficiências visuais no ensino regular
Authors: Lima Maria da Conceição Barbosa , Castro Giselle Faur de
Published: April 2012

A partir de inquietações a respeito de alunos deficientes visuais em salas de aula regulares de Física, surgiu a necessidade de se questionarem os futuros professores acerca do assunto em uma disciplina ministrada no período 2009/2 para alunos de licenciatura em Física. O objetivo foi perceber as evoluções apontadas pelos futuros docentes frente ao tema de inclusão de alunos com Deficiência Visual a partir de suas próprias reflexões sobre os debates gerados em aula. Para a coleta de informações, usamos quatro documentos escritos de três alunos que concluíram a disciplina: o questionário respondido no primeiro dia de aula; os "diários de bordo"; os trabalhos finais; e a avaliação do curso. A análise dos dados foi baseada na análise de discurso bakhtiniana. Notamos que os alunos evoluem em suas ideias sobre inclusão, se sensibilizam para as aulas com melhores adequações para deficientes visuais e se propõem a serem professores inclusivos.