bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Organizational Pride and Job Satisfaction among Staff Nurses
Authors: Badran Fawzia M. , Mohamed Eman H.
Published: May 2024

Background Organizational pride and job satisfaction are pivotal in molding nurses' professional journeys within their workplace. When nurses harbor pride in their organization, it frequently translates into elevated levels of job satisfaction.
Aim The present study aimed to assess the relationship between organizational pride and job satisfaction among staff nurses.
Methods A descriptive correlational study was conducted with 169 nurses were included in the study using a simple random sampling method. Two tools, the organizational pride scale and the Minnesota Satisfaction Scale, were used.
Results In this study, the studied subjects reported a moderate perception level of organizational pride (78.1%), followed by a high perception level (11.3%), and the studied subjects reported a moderate level of job satisfaction (66.9%), followed by a low level (20.1%).
Conclusion This study concludedthat the organizational pride of nurses was positively correlated and significantly correlated with job satisfaction (r=.680**, p=0.000). The results of the current study suggest that developing strategies to improve organizational pride among staff nurses and updating policies and procedures for nursing can enrich nurses’ understanding of practice.
Trial Registration Number [TRN] The study proposal was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the Faculty of Nursing, Ain Shams University (Code Number: NUR 23.12.178).
Long-duration spaceflight adversely affects astronaut piloting performance
Authors: Moore Steven T , Sims Tiffany R , Dilda Valentina , MacDougall Hamish G
Published: May 2024

A group of highly experienced pilots performed full-motion, simulated T-38 landings before and after extended missions aboard the International Space Station (ISS). On the day of return from the ISS pilots’ performance was degraded on the initial landing attempt, with difficulty maintaining altitude during banking turns and navigational errors, which affected touchdown parameters such as touchdown speed, height over runway threshold and touchdown distance from the runway threshold. A positive result was that all pilots successfully completed a second landing attempt on the same day, suggesting a rapid recovery of performance once exposed to the task at hand. These results are consistent with a previous study that demonstrated significant deficits in post-flight driving performance, and both the pilot and driver subjects’ performance recovered to pre-flight levels within four days of return from the ISS. We propose that the primary factors underlying the post-flight performance deficits were the inability to respond appropriately to gravitational and visual tilts and a reduction in multitasking ability.
New Approach for Integrity Risk Evaluation Based on Expected Acceptable Region for Carrier-Phase-Based Precise Relative Positioning
Authors: Li Qingsong , Wang Dingjie , Wu Jie , Wang Lei
Published: May 2024

GNSS carrier-phase observation is widely adopted to achieve centimeter-level relative position accuracy in life-critical or mission-critical GNSS applications. Different from code-based relative positioning, carrier-phase-based precise relative position still suffers from insufficient integrity risk evaluation caused by its inherent risk sources such as cycle slips and ambiguity resolution. This paper proposes a novel integrity risk evaluation approach for relative positioning, especially considering cycle slips. To eliminate cycle slips under the condition of concurrency in multiple channels more efficiently, INS-aided information is adopted for cycle slip detection and elimination. To reduce the difficulty of deriving the post-test variance of observations and simplify the process of integrity risk evaluation, the concept of Expected Acceptable Region (EAR) is first proposed to decompose total integrity risk as two independent components, i.e., intra-EAR risk and extra-EAR risk. Different evaluation algorithms are adopted based on the characteristics of different regions. To verify the superiority of the proposed method, numerical experiments have been conducted to simulate the aircraft's precision approaching and landing, where the proposed algorithm is adopted to meet the strict integrity requirements for Sea-based JPALS. It is indicated that the proposed method can provide both conservative and accurate estimation of integrity risk with a small part of the prior probability of cycle slip (i.e., \(\pm 1\)cycle). Compared with carrier-phase-based relative positioning in the ARAIM frame, the proposed method can increase GNSS availability by about 20% with a significant decrease in computation time by about 76%.
Centenarians, Semi and Supercentenarians, COVID-19 and Spanish Flu: a serological assessment to gain insight into the resilience of older centenarians to COVID- 19
Authors: Trombetta Claudia Maria , Accardi Giulia , Aiello Anna , Calabrò Anna , Caruso Calogero , Ligotti Mattia Emanuela , Marchi Serena , Montomoli Emanuele , Neto Martin Mayora , Temperton Nigel , Candore Giuseppina
Published: May 2024

Background
Although it is well known that the older people have been the most susceptible to COVID-19, there are conflicting data on the susceptibility of centenarians. Two epidemiological study have shown that older centenarians (> 101 years old at the time of the 2020 pandemic peak) are more resilient than the remaining centenarians, suggesting that this resilience might be linked to the 1918 Spanish Flu pandemic. To gain insight into this matter, specifically whether the resilience of older centenarians to SARS-CoV-2 infection is linked to the Spanish Flu they had been affected by, we conducted a retrospective serological study. This study examined serum samples from 33 centenarians, encompassing semi- (aged > 104 < 110 years, N = 7) and supercentenarians (aged > 109 years, N = 4), born between 1905 and 1922, against both SARS-CoV-2 and 1918 H1N1 pseudotype virus.
Results
Anamnestic and laboratory data indicate that SARS-CoV-2 infection occurred in 8 centenarians. The infection appeared to have been asymptomatic or mild, and hospitalization was not required, despite 3 out of 8 being between 109 and 110 years old. The levels of anti-spike antibodies in centenarians infected and/or vaccinated were higher, although not significantly, than those produced by a random sample of seventy-year-old individuals used as controls. All centenarians had antibody levels against the 1918 H1N1 virus significantly higher (almost 50 times) than those observed in the quoted group of seventy-year-old subjects, confirming the key role in maintaining immunological memory from a priming that occurred over 100 years ago. Centenarians whose blood was collected prior to the pandemic outbreak demonstrated neutralising antibodies against the 1918 H1N1 virus, but all these subjects tested negative for SARS-CoV-2.
Conclusion
This retrospective study clearly demonstrates that older centenarians are quite resilient to COVID-19, as they are capable of producing good levels of neutralising antibodies and experiencing mild or asymptomatic disease. This could be attributed to the 1918 Spanish flu pandemic through mechanisms other than the presence of cross-reactive antibodies between the 1918 H1N1 virus and SARS-CoV-2.
Assessment of the impact of offshore wind farm foundations in the English Channel on larval dispersal and connectivity using numerical modeling
Authors: Ajmi Souha , Boutet Martial , Bennis Anne-Claire , Dauvin Jean-Claude
Published: May 2024

This work aims to investigate how the presence of Offshore Wind Farms (OWFs) could have local and potentially regional environmental impacts, as the turbine foundations serve as artificial habitats for various benthopelagic species, creating reef ecosystems. This study investigates how under met-oceanic forcings these farms could control the larval dispersion in the extended Bay of Seine. The dispersion of both natural species (mussel and European green crab) and introduced species (e.g. Japanese oyster and Asian shore crab) is simulated with coupled physical-biological numerical model combining MARS3D and ICHTHYOP. After a successful qualitative validation step using DILEMES data, it is observed that wind farms serve as relay points for species, facilitating connectivity between the farms and the shores of the extended Bay of Seine. Larval dispersal from the wind farms shows connectivity not only between the farms themselves but also between the farms and the shores of the extended Seine Bay, with approximately 7.44$\%$ of initially emitted larvae settling inside the Courseulles-sur-Mer OWF. As expected, the spatial resolution of the hydrodynamic model impacts the results, influencing larval retention particularly at the intersection of different nested grids. Our results indicate that it would be preferable to include effects of OWFs in future coastal management scenarios and underline the need to study cumulative impacts.
Single-cell transcriptomics reveals stage- and side-specificity of gene modules in colorectal cancer
Authors: Rahiminejad Sara , Mukund Kavitha , Maurya Mano Ram , Subramaniam Shankar
Published: May 2024

BACKGROUND: An understanding of mechanisms underlying colorectal cancer (CRC) development and progression is yet to be fully elucidated. This study aims to employ network theoretic approaches to analyse single cell transcriptomic data from CRC to better characterize its progression and sided-ness.
METHODS: We utilized a recently published single-cell RNA sequencing data (GEO-GSE178341) and parsed the cell X gene data by stage and side (right and left colon). Using Weighted Gene Co-expression Network Analysis (WGCNA), we identified gene modules with varying preservation levels (weak or strong) of network topology between early (pT1) and late stages (pT234), and between right and left colons. Spearman’s rank correlation (ρ) was used to assess the similarity or dissimilarity in gene connectivity.
RESULTS: Equalizing cell counts across different stages, we detected 13 modules for the early stage, two of which were non-preserved in late stages. Both non-preserved modules displayed distinct gene connectivity patterns between the early and late stages, characterized by low ρ values. One module predominately dealt with myeloid cells, with genes mostly enriched for cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction potentiallystimulating myeloid cells to participate in angiogenesis. The second module, representing a subset of epithelial cells, was mainly enriched for carbohydrate digestion and absorption, influencing the gut microenvironment through the breakdown of carbohydrates. In the comparison of left vs. right colons, two of 12 modules identified in the right colon were non-preserved in the left colon. One captured a small fraction of epithelial cells and was enriched for transcriptional misregulation in cancer, potentially impacting communication between epithelial cells and the tumor microenvironment. The other predominantly contained B cells with a crucial role in maintaining human gastrointestinal health and was enriched for B-cell receptor signalling pathway.
CONCLUSIONS: We identified modules with topological and functional differences specific to cell types between the early and late stages, and between the right and left colons. This study enhances the understanding of roles played by different cell types at different stages and sides, providing valuable insights for future studies focused on the diagnosis and treatment of CRC.
Genome-wide Identification and Characterization of the STR Gene in Dendrobium officinale
Authors: Ren Xiang , Dong Wenhao , Chen Chen , Song Jingjing , Wei Lianping , Song Cheng , Jin Qing
Published: May 2024

Alkaloids are the main active ingredients in the traditional Chinese medicine Dendrobium spp. Terpenoid indole alkaloids (TIAs), a class of secondary metabolites with a nitrogen heterocyclic structure, are low in content and difficult to synthesize chemically. Strictosidine synthetase (STR) is a key enzyme that catalyzes the Pictet-Spengler reaction of TIAs. However, the molecular characteristics and enzymatic properties of STR proteins in Dendrobium officinale remain unclear. Through bioinformatics analysis, we systematically studied the protein purification and catalytic activity of DoSTR. We initially identified eight STR homologous genes in D. officinale. Members of the DoSTR family vary in molecular weight, theoretical isoelectric point, and subcellular localization. Cis-acting element analysis of the DoSTR promoter revealed the presence of multiple elements involved in phytohormone response and biotic and abiotic stress. Phylogenetic tree and homology alignment revealed that DoSTR proteins are more closely related to STR proteins of Dendrobium huoshanense;however, DoSTR are evolutionarily distant from plant STR proteins with characterized functions, such as CrSTR, RvSTR, and RsSTR. Conservative motif analysis revealed a conserved motif in the STR sequence. The Glu309 residue, which is associated with catalysis, is not conserved. Using qRT-PCR, the expression pattern of DoSTR was found to be spatially specific. Through transient expression in tobacco, DoSTR8 was shown to localize to cell membranes. The DoSTR8 recombinant protein was successfully expressed in E. coli using prokaryotic expression and purified. The findings of this study may provide valuable insights into further research on the function of the STR gene family in D. officinale.
Korean Cerebral Palsy Registry (KCPR): study rationale and protocol of a multicentre prospective cohort study
Authors: Hong Juntaek , Choi Ja Young , Kwon Jeong Yi , Shin Yong Beom , Yang Shin-seung , Jang Dae-Hyun , Yoon Jin A , Rha Dong-wook
Published: May 2024

Background
Cerebral palsy (CP) is a leading cause of motor developmental disability in children. Generating epidemiological data on CP could enable early diagnosis, intervention, and translational research. We aim to establish a Korean network and online data repository for CP called the Korean Cerebral Palsy Registry (KCPR).
Methods
The KCPR is a nationwide, multicentre, prospective cohort study designed as a 20-year longitudinal follow-up of approximately 800 children with CP. Institution-based surveillance mechanisms will be adopted for the registration of children with CP aged less than 7 years to participate in KCPR. The data collection form of the KCPR will comprise diagnostic information, risk factors, extent of disability, genetic data, quality of life, socioeconomic status, functional levels according to life cycle stages, and patterns of healthcare utilisation, including rehabilitation. The study objectives include (1) identifying the pathological characteristics of CP along with their medical, social, economic, and psychological needs and challenges; (2) using data accumulated from prospective tracking of the function and quality of life of children with CP to develop comprehensive service plans and policies that integrate medical care, special education, and welfare; and (3) conducting intervention cohort studies to establish guidelines for the provision of standardised rehabilitative medical services.
Discussion
The establishment of KCPR is crucial to delivering systematic and comprehensive services in the medical, educational, and social sectors throughout the lifecycle of children with CP. KCPR aims to enhance the diagnostic, rehabilitative, and educational approaches for children with CP. Ultimately, this initiative will contribute to advancements in the health and welfare of children with CP.
Diagnose and Classification of Infectious and Diseases using Nano Sensors Network in Nanofluids: Theoretical and Modeling Study
Authors: Boualem Adda , Fouchal Hacène , Ayaida Marwane , Kholidy Hisham
Published: May 2024

There is a real need for a NanoSensor Network to detect infectious, especially incurable diseases today, to distinguish the chemical and behavioral properties of incurable diseases from the behavioral properties of other particles. The proposed nanonetworks are designed to help doctors to diagnose infectious and incurable diseases. Nanofluidics can also increase mass and heat transfer through various media to repair or damage cells, human organs, and tissues based on various technologies such as magnetic hyperthermia treatment or active coatings. For all these reasons, there is a real need for a nano-sensor network for nanofluid environment, for nanomedicine and biomedicine. This work is on the implantation of a nanosensors network in nanofluids: classifications and application in nanomedicine and biomedicine. In the evaluation and analysis phase, we have integrated a comparison with similar works, the limitation of the solution, and we have proposed an algorithm and a model that are used to ensure precision and reliability in the diagnosis of our solution using current technologies. To summarize, this work proposes nanosensor network platforms to help doctors diagnose diseases such as cancer and diabetic patients.
WITHDRAWN: Clinical Characteristics of Diabetic Patients with COVID-19 During the Full Liberalization of the Pandemic
Authors: Zhuang Zejian , Li Jingyuan , Sun Lingfeng , Tang Haocheng , He Honghui , Wang Fang
Published: May 2024

Diabetes is an important comorbidity of COVID-19. This study aimed to compare the clinical course and outcomes of COVID-19 patients with and without diabetes. We enrolled 321 hospitalized patients with COVID-19 from the Third Xiangya Hospital (Hunan, China) between December 20, 2021, and March 1, 2021, including 158 patients with diabetes and 163 patients without diabetes. Data from medical records, including clinical characteristics, coexisting conditions, complications, laboratory tests, radiographic studies, treatments and outcomes, were extracted and analyzed. Among COVID-19 patients with type 2 diabetes, several biochemical parameters, such as systolic blood pressure [137.00 (IQR: 122.00-148.50) vs. 126.00 (IQR: 116.00-137.00), P<0.001], CRP [64.25 (IQR: 28.16-129.83) vs. 44.13 (IQR: 17.56-87.26), P = 0.005], PCT [0.11 (IQR: 0.06-0.44) vs. 0.08 (IQR : 0.05-0.14), P = 0.002], urea nitrogen [15.40 (IQR 10.62-24.44) vs. 10.34 (IQR:7.56-15.14), P < 0.001), In terms of clinical symptoms, patients with diabetes had pleural effusion [17.3% vs. 7.5%, P=0.010], fever [39.0% vs. 60.7%, P<0.001], and nausea and vomiting [10.4% vs. 1.2%, P<0.001], and fatigue symptoms [22.7% vs 12.9%, P=0.022]. There were significant differences in comorbidities, including hypertension (71.2% vs. 37.0%, P<0.001) and chronic kidney disease (6.4% vs. 18.5%, P=0.001). The statistically significant difference in treatment between COVID-19 patients with diabetes and those without diabetes was mainly reflected in the use of azvudine (15.9% vs. 40.7%, P<0.001). Regression analysis revealed that the lymphocyte ratio (0R=0.925, 95% CI 0.885-0.966, P<0.001) and age (0R=1.025, 95% CI 1.003-1.048, P=0.027) had a statistically significant effect on the severity of respiratory failure. Some clinical symptoms and medication differences had statistically significant effects on survival time, including calcification (HR=0.410, 95% CI 0.193-0.872, P=0.021), pleural effusion (HR=1.935, 95% CI 1.259-2.975, P=0.003), diabetes (HR=1.416, 95% CI 1.042-1.926, P=0.026), chronic kidney disease (HR=1.557, 95% CI 1.032-2.349, P=0.035), use of antibiotics (HR=1.623, 95% CI 1.139-2.315, P=0.007) and glucocorticoids (HR=1.623, 95% CI 1.139-2.315, P=0.005), and use of mechanical ventilation (HR=4.201, 95% CI 1.883-9.377, P<0.001). Our study suggested that COVID-19 patients with diabetes tend to have more severe disease and poorer clinical outcomes, and this relationship requires further exploration.Retrospectively registered.
Toxicity of botanical insecticides on the stingless bee jataí (Tetragonisca angustula)
Authors: TOMAZ ADRIANO , Silva Francisco , Takeuchi Katiuchia , Campos Mateus , Silva Geraldo , Santos Joice
Published: May 2024

This study aimed to investigate the toxicity of botanical insecticides on the essential pollinator stingless bee Jataí (Tetragonisca angustula). At first, two bioassays were carried out to assess the effect of the botanical insecticides: garlic, marigold, castor bean, Mexican tea, chili pepper, black pepper, clove, eucalyptus, and neem on bees' survival after exposure by ingestion or contact. Then, additional bioassays were carried out to investigate the effects of extraction solvent, concentrations, and use of adjuvants on the toxicity of botanical insecticides on Jataís bees. Results revealed toxicity of Eucalyptus oil to Jataí bees through contact and ingestion exposure even in low concentrations (0.1% v/v). The Neem oil in concentrations above 2.5% v/v and alcoholic extracts of cloves and black pepper in concentrations above 5% v/v are toxic to Jataí. Addition of detergent increases the toxicity of oil insecticides. Garlic extract prepared under the highest concentration of mineral oil and longest exposure time is toxic to jataí bees. Therefore, we can conclude that the use of botanical insecticides should be performed carefully to preserve this vital insect.
Engrailed-1 (EN-1) inactivation leads to scarless skin wound healing through extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling
Authors: Hao Ailing , Dong Xiangyu , Gou Yannian , Li Aohua , Li Jiajia , Xiang Han , Rahaman Saidur , Zhu Yi , Zhang Hui , You Wulin , Shen Guowei , Luo Changqi , Mei Ou , Wu Xingye , Shi Lewis L. , Reid Russell R. , He Tong-Chuan , Fan Jiaming
Published: May 2024

Hypertrophic scarring (HS) is a major source of morbidity after extensive cutaneous injury, and yet underlying mechanisms of hypertrophic scars and keloid lesions are not well understood. It has been shown that prevention of Engrailed-1 (EN-1) activation in fibroblasts was beneficial for wound healing without scarring. However, the role of EN-1 activation in wound healing and scarring needs to be further evaluated. In this study, we found EN-1 was upregulated in mouse wound dermis and in transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1)-stimulated mouse dermal fibroblasts (mDFs). When mDFs were treated with Verteporfin or transduced with adenoviral vector expressing three siRNAs (Ad-simEn1), the expression of scar formation and hyaluronic acid (HA) catabolic related genes was down-regulated, the F-actin of cytoskeleton also decreased, the ultrastructure of the extracellular matrix (ECM) revealed a remarkable shift from dense to sparse with a marked reduction of component proteins fibronectin (FN-1) and fibrinogen (FIB), and a significant increase in HA content in ECM. Furthermore, we demonstrated that silencing EN-1 expression effectively suppressed keloid formation and promoted scarless healing in a rabbit model of ear skin injury, as further evidenced by the reduced ECM production and decreased expression of scar formation related gene products. These results demonstrated that inhibition of EN-1 function in dermal fibroblasts can effectively promote scarless healing of skin wounds through ECM remodeling.
Effects of Ca2+ and Mg2+ in the water column on the growth and moult of Macrobrachium rosenbergii
Authors: Li Xuenan , Lan Hairong , Dai Xilin
Published: May 2024

In order to investigate the effect of different Ca2+ and Mg2+ concentrations in the water column on the growth and moulting of Macrobrachium rosenbergii. In this study, three concentrations of Ca2+ and three concentrations of Mg2+ were designed to conduct a culture experiment for a period of four complete moult cycles. The results showed that with increasing Ca2+ concentration in water, the expression level of MIH showed a decreasing trend, and the expression level of EcR and chitinase showed a gradual increasing trend, which accelerated the moult frequency and shortened the moult cycle. However, high Ca2+ concentration significantly reduced the survival rate of M. rosenbergii. With increasing Mg2+ concentration in the water column, the heartbeat count increased significantly, the MDH activity during postmolt A and intermolt C tended to increase, and the energy metabolism was accelerated. An increase in Ca2+ concentration in water promotes an increase in Ca2+ content in muscle and shell. However, as the Mg2+ concentration in water increased, the Mg2+ content in muscle and shell showed different patterns of change. Too low or too high Ca2+ and Mg2+ in the external environment will have different degrees of negative effects on the gill tissue, especially the damage of Mg2+ to the gill tissue is more serious. In summary, low levels of Ca2+ and Mg2+ in the external environment reduce ion levels in the muscle and shell, growth, moult and survival are inhibited, while having a stressful effect on gill tissue. High concentrations of Ca2+ and Mg2+ may accelerate moulting rate and energy metabolism, but will cause more serious damage to gill tissue and reduce the survival rate.
Evaluation of Bayesian Linear Regression Derived Gene Set Test Methods
Authors: Bai Zhonghao , Gholipourshahraki Tahereh , Shrestha Merina , Hjelholt Astrid , Hu Sile , Kjølby Mads , Rohde Palle Duun , Sørensen Peter
Published: May 2024

Background
Gene set tests can pinpoint genes and biological pathways that exert small to moderate effects on complex diseases like Type 2 Diabetes (T2D). By aggregating genetic markers based on biological information, these tests can enhance the statistical power needed to detect genetic associations.
Results
Our goal was to develop a gene set test utilizing Bayesian Linear Regression (BLR) models, which account for both linkage disequilibrium (LD) and the complex genetic architectures intrinsic to diseases, thereby increasing the detection power of genetic associations. Through a series of simulation studies, we demonstrated how the efficacy of BLR derived gene set tests is influenced by several factors, including the proportion of causal markers, the size of gene sets, the percentage of genetic variance explained by the gene set, and the genetic architecture of the traits. By using KEGG pathways, eQTLs, and regulatory elements as different kinds of gene sets with T2D results, we also assessed the performance of gene set tests in explaining more about real phenotypes.
Conclusions
Comparing our method with other approaches, such as the gold standard MAGMA (Multi-marker Analysis of Genomic Annotation) approach, our BLR gene set test showed superior performance. Combining performance of our method in simulated and real phenotypes, this suggests that our BLR-based approach could more accurately identify genes and biological pathways underlying complex diseases.
Rapid Online Detection of Dissolved Acetylene in Transformer Oil by Photoacoustic Spectroscopy and Membrane Degassing
Authors: Shi Yunxing , Gu Pengcheng , Zhao Meixuan , Han Yuwang
Published: May 2024

Acetylene is one of the main fault gases for oil transformers. The rapid and highly sensitive detection of dissolved acetylene in the insulating oil plays an extremely important role in the diagnosis of transformer faults, as it is produced by the decomposition of hydrocarbons due to discharge and overheating. This work describes a rapid real-time online monitoring system for dissolved acetylene in oil, which integrates a highly efficient Teflon-AF2400/ceramic composite degassing module and a high-sensitive laser photoacoustic detector. Real-time online monitoring is feasible as the detection period of the device is as short as 1.5 min, and the equilibrium concentration of acetylene in the oil can be accurately determined from test data at a degassing time of 15 min. When the concentration of acetylene in the oil changes suddenly, the device can report more than 90% of the change within 30 min. The detection accuracy is improved from 0.9 µL·L− 1 to 0.3 µL·L− 1 after corrections are made to account for the influence of temperature on the oil-gas separation membrane.
Quantifying Customer Sentiments: A Machine Learning Approach to Analyzing Automobile Brand Perception on Twitter
Authors: Mathew Sujith Samuel , Hayawi Kadhim , Venugopal Neethu , Barachi May El
Published: May 2024

Social networking sites provide a platform for individuals to express their opinions publicly. Brand managers actively use these platforms to gain insights into brand perceptions, as users often share their views on products and services. In this study, we use sentiment analysis to assess customer sentiment towards five leading automobile brands, analyzing text content shared on Twitter. The research models the 'Brand Polarity Score', which indicates whether customers perceive the brand positively or negatively. This score is further weighted based on the tweet's influence, characterized by the engagement metrics of the tweet and the author's follower count. We also demonstrate how this brand polarity score can effectively communicate near real-time brand positioning, providing a valuable tool for monitoring brand sentiment over time. The proposed Brand Polarity Score (BPS) not only gauges brand perception but also serves as a reliable tool for progressive and competitive analyses, contributing to a comprehensive understanding of brand dynamics. Qualitative and quantitative analyses are performed to validate the robustness of the proposed BPS system.
Frog-Snake prey-predation Relationship Optimization (FSRO) : A novel nature-inspired metaheuristic algorithm for feature selection
Authors: SAITOU Hayata , HARAGUCHI Harumi , KIUCHI Yuuto
Published: May 2024

Swarm intelligence algorithms have traditionally been designed for continuous optimization problems, and these algorithms have been modified and extended for application to discrete optimization problems. Notably, their application in feature selection for machine learning has demonstrated improvements in model accuracy, reduction of unnecessary data, and decreased computational time. This study proposes the Frog-Snake prey-predation Relationship Optimization (FSRO) algorithm, inspired by the prey-predation relationship between frogs and snakes for application to discrete optimization problems. The algorithm models three stages of a snake's foraging behavior “search”, “approach”, and “capture” as well as the frog's characteristic behavior of staying still to attract and then escaping. Furthermore, the introduction of the concept of evolutionary game theory enables dynamic control of the search process. The proposed algorithm conducts computational experiments on feature selection using 26 types of machine learning datasets to analyze its performance and identify improvements. In computer experiments, the proposed algorithm showed better performance than the comparison algorithms in terms of the best and standard deviation of fitness value and Accuracy. It was also proved that dynamic search control by evolutionary game theory is an effective method, and the proposed algorithm has the ability of a well-balanced search, achieving the two objectives of improving accuracy and reducing data.
Integrated Framework for Real-time Sea State Estimation of Stationary Marine Units Using Wave Buoy Analogy
Authors: Majidiyan Hamed , Enshaei Hossein , Howe Damon , Wang Yiting
Published: May 2024

Understanding the impact of environmental factors, particularly seaway, on marine units is critical for developing efficient control and decision support systems. Despite extensive research on the wave buoy analogy (WBA), real-time sea state estimation (SSE) has remained challenging due to the need for adequate data to construct a consistent probability density function of waves. The current study builds on previous work, aiming to propose an AI framework to reduce the estimation time lag between exciting waves and respective estimation by transforming temporal/spectral features into a manipulated scalogram form for subsequent data analysis. To achieve this, an adaptive ship response predictor and deep learning approach have been incorporated to classify seaway data while minimizing network complexity through feature engineering. Specifically, a Convolution Neural Network (CNN) and deep transfer learning have been employed for training purposes. The system's performance was evaluated using data obtained from an experimental test on a semi-submersible platform, and the results demonstrate the promising functionality of the proposed approach for a fully automated system. Furthermore, the deficits with the feature transformation of the existing data-driven SSE models have been discussed. This study provides a foundation for improving online sea state estimation and promoting the seaway acquisition for stationary marine units.
Stochastic Optimization of Surface Roughness Using Monte Carlo Algorithms
Authors: Čajić Elvir
Published: May 2024

In this paper, we investigate the application of Monte Carlo algorithms for the optimization of surface roughness in production processes. Using stochastic methods, a mathematical model was developed that accurately predicts surface roughness based on key processing parameters. Simulations were performed on samples of different materials, where the effects of changes in input parameters on the final roughness were analyzed. The results show that Monte Carlo algorithms can significantly improve the accuracy of process prediction and optimization, enabling a better control of the quality of the final processing. Algorithms are implemented using MATLAB and Python, which enables flexibility and efficiency in data analysis. The results show that Monte Carlo algorithms can significantly improve the accuracy of process prediction and optimization, enabling better control of the quality of finishing. In addition, this approach reduces the need for an experimental approach, resulting in reduced costs and processing time.
Radiolytic degradation of 4-hydroxybenzoate in aerated and deoxygenated aqueous solutions
Authors: Albarrán Guadalupe , Mendoza Edith
Published: May 2024

The radiolytic degradation of 4-hydroxybenzoate (4-HBA–) in aerated, oxygen-free and N2O-saturated aqueous solutions at concentrations of 0.10 and 0.25 mmol/dm3 were gamma irradiated at different doses in a source of Co-60. The results show that ·OH adds predominantly to the 3 position of the aromatic ring, and elimination of the acid group leads to the degradation of 4-HBA–. With an N2O-saturated 0.10 mmol/dm3 4-HBA– solution, total degradation occurred at 1.6 kGy, and with a 0.25 mmol/dm3 solution, total degradation occurred at 3.5 kGy. In the aerated and oxygen-free 0.25 mmol/dm3 4-HBA– solutions, the behavior was similar, degradation occurring at a dose of 13.1 kGy. At the concentration of 0.10 mmol/dm3, total degradation occurred at 7.0 kGy, with small amounts of radiolytic products and byproducts. We propose a mechanism for the degradation of 4-HBA– caused by water radicals produced in the three environments, leading to formation of the identified stable products. Oxidation was followed by chemical oxygen demand (COD), which decreased as the 4-HBA− concentration increased. The kinetics showed a pseudo-first-order behavior. The rate constant of degradation was similar for the solutions with and without oxygen.
Current research hotspots and frontier trends on carbon budget of coastal wetlands: A bibliometric analysis
Authors: Zhang Xinyi , Liu Wenhao , Lu Jiaxing , Tanveer Muhammad , Qi Zhen , Fu Chengkai , Xie Huijun , Zhuang Linlan , Hu Zhen
Published: May 2024

Coastal wetlands are the main distribution of blue carbon in coastal zones and well known for their high carbon sequestration capacity. Investigating the variation of carbon budget is crucial for understanding the functionality of coastal wetlands and effectively addressing climate change. In this study, a bibliometric analysis of 4,509 articles was conducted to reveal research progress, hot issues, and emerging trends in the coastal wetland carbon budget field. The number of publications and citations in this field increased exponentially from 1991 to 2022. The leading subject category was Environmental Sciences with 1,844 articles (40.9%). At present, studies have been focused on blue carbon, the effects of climate change and man-made disturbances on carbon cycle, and the restoration of coastal wetlands. Based on the hotspots and trends in this field, the future researches should include (1) exploring the functional mechanisms of various factors affecting carbon cycle and establishing a methodological system for the estimation of blue carbon in coastal wetlands; (2) researching restoration techniques of coastal wetland and constructing wetland restoration evaluation index system; and (3) formulating enforceable carbon trading policy and strengthening international cooperation.
Informação, memória e sociedade
Authors: Alves Ermeson Nathan Pereira , Souza Edivanio Duarte de
Published: May 2024

This abstract presents the countercultural movement in Cariri in the 1970s and outlines the artistic-cultural productions developed by modern marginalized youth. It identifies that such productions are configured as cultural artifacts endowed with information, as well as understood in the dimension of memory records for the Cariri region. It employs the concept of information within the context of culture and memory through the perspective of memory records, under the prism of Information Science, understanding memory collectively. The methodology is constituted as bibliographical, as well as exploratory, and utilizes the Information Regime as an analytical tool for contextual frameworks and artistic productions of youths from the 1970s in the city of Crato, in the Cariri region of Ceará. It considers that the cultural artifacts developed by these youths stem from the cultural order, endowed with information and memory, recorded in various typological artistic-cultural forms.
Keywords: cultural information; memory records; counterculture in Cariri in the 1970s.
Seaweed Metabolites as a Novel Source of Drugs to Treat Inflammatory Diseases
Authors: Sampath Walimuni Shashikamali Wasana , Hansani Niroshika Kuda Kankanamage , Senaweera Yenisha Thisarani , Neelaka Molagoda Ilandarage Menu
Published: May 2024

Inflammation is a complex adaptive response to harmful circumstances such
as infection and tissue damage. While inflammation is curable in the acute stage,
continuous inflammation can lead to chronic diseases such as diabetes, arthritis,
neurodegenerative and cardiovascular diseases, inflammatory bowel disease, and
metabolic diseases. The inhibition of inflammatory cell infiltration and excessive
cytokine production is beneficial to reduce chronic inflammation. Seaweeds have
significant medicinal value due to their bioactive compounds, including seaweed
metabolites with anti-inflammatory properties such as sulfated polysaccharides,
polyphenols, terpenes, and fatty acids. Marine algal compounds with anti-inflammatory
characteristics have recently gained attention in medical research as natural
therapeutics that provide a significant protective effect over synthetic drugs. Therefore,
this review aims to summarize the current knowledge on the anti-inflammatory activity
of seaweed metabolites, including their underlying mechanisms and impact on several
chronic inflammatory diseases.
Structure of Fucoidan and Isolation Techniques
Authors: Michael Shehan Kurera Mihidukulasuriya Jude , Nagahawatta Dineth Pramuditha , Jeon You-Jin
Published: May 2024

Fucoidans exhibit various biological activities, including
immunomodulation, anti-cancer, and pathogenic inhibition. This approach can be used
to isolate numerous natural resources and various applications in the pharmaceutical,
food, and cosmetic industries. Fucoidan surrounds sulfated L-fucose as a vital
monosaccharide and small amounts of mannose, galactose, glucose, xylose, arabinose,
uronic acid, and glucuronic acid. Structural analysis revealed that purified fucoidan
consists of a carbohydrate chain composed mainly of (1→3)-linked or (1→4)-linked Lfucose residues, with sulfate groups at C-2 and C-4 positions. Fucose residues at C-3 or
C-4 serve as branch sites for galactose residues with 1–4)-linkages. Low molecular
weight fucoidan, medium molecular weight fucoidan, and high molecular weight
fucoidan are the three different types of fucoidan based on molecular weights. The
structure of fucoidan determines its bioactivity and its economic and commercial value
depending on the species, geographical location, and harvest season. Therefore,
shortened phases, low temperatures, and low acidity are used in the extraction
technique to determine the distinct structures of fucoidans. In industrial manufacturing,
the extraction techniques must be environmentally friendly and cost-effective. In this
chapter, classical extraction and purification procedures such as hot water, acidic or
alkaline extractions, and chromatographic techniques are discussed and detailed.
Microwave-assisted extraction (MAE), ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE), and
enzyme-assisted extraction (EAE) are innovative techniques for fucoidan extraction.
Optimization strategies for pH, temperature, pretreatment conditions, extraction time,
and yield parameters also discussed in detail.
Antidiabetic Properties of Seaweeds and Future Potentials
Authors: Nilshi Indeevarie Abeysiriwardhana Hiruni , Hansani Niroshika Kuda Kankanamage , Sulakshani Thilakarathna Manathunga Kumudu , Tharanga Jayasooriya Rajapaksha Gedara Prasad
Published: May 2024

Seaweeds are a promising therapeutic target in drug development and
nutraceuticals due to the presence of structurally different bioactive constituents in their
composition. Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a major metabolic disorder that causes
impaired insulin secretion, insulin action by the pancreas, or both. Despite the currently
available synthetic antidiabetic drugs and insulin injections, there is a necessity for an
effective natural approach to preventing or managing DM without long-term diabetes
complications by eradicating adverse risk factors. Therefore, exploring the anti-diabetic
properties of seaweeds has been revealed as an emerging and intact alternative target.
Because of the significant contribution of bioactive metabolites in antidiabetic
seaweed-based therapeutics, it is important to summarize the determinant factors,
including the rich abundance of polyunsaturated fatty acids, minerals, dietary fibers,
polyphenolic compounds, and carotenoids. In addition, seaweed extracts and their
bioactive elements have anti-diabetic potential as they inhibit carbohydrate hydrolyzing
enzymes in vitro and reduce blood glucose levels in vivo in random and postprandial
blood glucose assays. Furthermore, they have been attributed to decreased weight gain
in mice and rats, presumably by reducing mRNA expression of pro-inflammatory
cytokines while raising mRNA expression of anti-inflammatory cytokines. Their
advantageous effect on serum and hepatic lipid profiles, as well as antioxidant
enzymes, suggests that seaweeds protect against free radical-mediated oxidative stressinduced hyperglycemia and related hyperlipidemia. Hence, seaweed-based therapeutic
efforts for DM have a considerable potential to be used as perspective drugs or dietary
supplements.
Benefits of Seaweeds in Cardiac Diseases
Authors: R De Silva W. Anjalee. , Yapa Hasani A.S. , Dissanayake Charuni T.N. , Hiruni Sadunika Kumarasinghe Don Ciril Harischandra , Samarakoon Kalpa W. , Thilina Lakmini Gunathilaka Mastiyage Dona
Published: May 2024

Cardiovascular diseases encompass a wide range of disorders that can be
categorized into several groups depending on different criteria. The prevalence of
cardiac disease is rapidly accelerating in the world. Cardiovascular disorders are
responsible for roughly 17.9 million annual fatalities, or nearly 32% of the total
mortality globally. The etiology of cardiovascular disease is complex, consisting of
both modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors, including metabolic abnormalities,
aberrant protein function, genetic mutations, and other contributing elements.
Atherosclerosis continues to be the most significant risk factor since it primarily
defines the pathogenic processes of cardiovascular diseases. Both pharmacotherapy and
surgical interventions are currently in use to alleviate disease symptoms and reduce
fatalities. Nevertheless, they have limitations. Therefore, there is an urgent need to
develop a novel treatment for cardiovascular disease. Seaweeds are comprised of
bioactive compounds with different biological and chemical properties. These can be
classified into two groups: primary metabolites and secondary metabolites.
Constituents such as phlorotannins, polysaccharides (ulvan, fucoidan, carrageenan),
peptides, sterols, and carotenoids (fucoxanthin and astaxanthin) have depicted
beneficial effects in preventing cardiovascular diseases. Therefore, this chapter mainly
focuses on the bioactive constituents derived from seaweeds and their composition that
may benefit in preventing and treating cardiovascular diseases.
Role of Seaweed as a Biofertilizer
Authors: Thilini Bhagya Lakshani Marakkala Mannage , Sulakshani Thilakarathna Manathunga Kumudu , Hiruni Sadunika Kumarasinghe Don Ciril Harischandra , Prasad Tharanga Jayasooriya Rajapaksha Gedara
Published: May 2024

Seaweed is considered the most important marine bioresource within
marine ecology, enriched with ideal bioactive components, including macro and
micronutrients, vitamins, amino acids, proteins, phytohormones, minerals, lipids,
carbohydrates, antimicrobial compounds, and osmoprotectants. Currently, seaweed is a
potential candidate for the production of human food, animal feed, fuels, fertilizers,
chemicals, pharmaceuticals, phytoremediation, nutraceuticals, and hydrocolloids.
Within the agricultural sector, seaweed-derived biofertilizers play a vital role. The
utilization of seaweed compounds in agriculture and horticulture to nourish and
condition the soil, as well as for the enhancement of pest management, are some of the
major considerations that have enhanced the growth of the worldwide seaweed extracts
market. Seaweed extracts are available as biofertilizers in various forms, including
liquid fertilizers, powder, and flakes. In this chapter, our goal is to emphasize the
utilization of seaweed-derived biofertilizers in sustainable agriculture and its
significance in organic farming, which is a more environmentally friendly option for
current and upcoming generations.
Martha Nussbaum: Gerechtigkeit für Tiere
Authors: Hemmerich Luca
Published: May 2024

Rezension von Martha Nussbaum, Gerechtigkeit für Tiere
Henrike Kohpeiß: Bürgerliche Kälte
Authors: Geisler Florian
Published: May 2024

Warum bleiben viele Bürger*innen der Europäischen Union weitgehend gleichgültig, wenn größere Menschenmengen auf den mediterranen Migrationsrouten sterben? Henrike Kohpeiß analysiert in ihrem Buch Bürgerliche Kälte, wie das unübersichtliche Nebeneinander von militarisierten Grenzen einerseits und parteiübergreifender Willkommenskultur andererseits abläuft, und welche stabilisierenden Funktionen es für den emotionalen Haushalt der medialen Landschaft bereitstellt. Die Verdrängung des eigenen Leids an der emotionalen Entsagung führt zu einem Lustgewinn an der Härte gegen sich selbst und zu einer Lust an der Kälte gegenüber dem Leiden anderer. Dieser Zustand wirft neue Fragen über den Subjektbegriff der Aufklärung auf.