bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Holocene glacier and climate fluctuations of the maritime ice cap Høgtuvbreen, northern Norway
Authors: Jansen Henrik Løseth , Simonsen Joachim Riis , Dahl Svein Olaf , Bakke Jostein , Nielsen Pål Ringkjøb
Published: January 2016

Holocene fluctuations of a small outlet glacier from the ice cap Høgtuvbreen at 65° N in coastal northern Norway are reconstructed based on distal glacier-fed lake sediments, complemented by a moraine sequence dated by lichenometry. Glaciers respond to changes in accumulation-season precipitation, ablation-season temperature and redistribution of snow by wind. Hence, reconstructions of glacier fluctuations based on distal glacier-fed lakes may give detailed information about past climate at a potentially high temporal resolution. Yet, the importance of any of these climate components is often difficult to solve. Here, we apply the ‘Liestøl-relationship’, which expresses the relationship between ablation-season temperature and annual accumulation of snow at the equilibrium line altitude (ELA), to the reconstructed local temperature–precipitation–wind ELA (TPW-ELA) to infer the relative importance of winter-balance and ablation-season temperature as causes of reconstructed glacier variation. The reconstructions show a large glacier readvance corresponding with the 8.2-ka cold event and a sequence of eight distinct glacier advances and retreats during the Neoglacial time period bracket between 4300 ± 40 cal. yr BP and AD 1900. The glacier reached its Holocene maximum position in AD 1773 ± 29, subsequently followed by an ongoing unprecedented retreat, interrupted only by some minor halts and readvances. Based on a detailed comparison of our results with similar studies of both continental and maritime glaciers, as well as independent temperature proxy records across Scandinavia, we argue that significant and consistent deviations in ELA fluctuations between continental and maritime glaciers in the region are caused by a north–south migration of the arctic polar front. Additionally, we suggest that deviations in ELA fluctuations between Scandinavian maritime and continental glaciers around 7150, 6560, 6000, 5150, 3200 and 2200 cal. yr BP reflect the different response of continental and maritime glaciers to drops in total solar irradiance (TSI).
Gendered use of experts in the media: Analysis of the gender gap in Finnish news journalism
Authors: Niemi Mari K. , Pitkänen Ville
Published: January 2016

Several studies conducted in Western democracies have indicated that men continue to be overrepresented and women underrepresented as experts in the media. This article explores the situation in Finland, a progressive and ‘female-friendly’ Nordic country with highly educated women who are widely present in the job market. The analysis is based on three sets of research data featuring a wide set of media data, a survey and interviews. This study reveals that public expertise continues to be male dominated in Finland: less than 30% of the experts interviewed in the news media are women. While the distribution of work and power in the labour market may explain some of the observed gender gap, journalistic practices and a masculine tradition of public expertise are likely to play a role as well.
Keeping the Germans Out of the Straits: The Five Ottoman Dreadnought Thesis Reconsidered
Authors: Seligmann Matthew S.
Published: January 2016

This article contests Sean McMeekin’s claims concerning Russian culpability for the First World War. McMeekin maintains that Ottoman rearmament, particularly the purchase of several battleships released onto the global arms market by South American states, threatened to create a situation where the Russian Black Sea Fleet would be outclassed by its Ottoman opposite number. Rather than waiting for this to happen, the tsarist regime chose to go to war. Yet, contrary to McMeekin’s claims, the Ottoman naval expansion never assumed threatening dimensions because the Porte was unable to purchase battleships from Chile or Argentina. As a result, it provided no incentive for Russia to go to war in 1914.
Building School District Capacity to Conduct Functional Behavioral Assessment
Authors: Strickland-Cohen M. Kathleen , Kennedy Patrick C. , Berg Tricia A. , Bateman Lisa J. , Horner Robert H.
Published: January 2016

For decades, research has shown that function-based support is effective in reducing the frequency and severity of problematic student behaviors. One way for schools and districts to implement these supports effectively is by building local capacity to intervene with function-based interventions at the first signs of persistent problem behavior (i.e., when less intensive supports have proven ineffective), rather than waiting until problem behavior becomes more severe. In the present pilot study, a 6-hr comprehensive training package was used to train elementary- and middle school professionals to conduct “basic” (as opposed to “complex”) functional behavioral assessment (FBA) and lead school-based teams in basic function-based behavior support methods and procedures. Findings indicate that the training was effective in increasing (a) participant knowledge related to function-based behavior support and (b) reported use of function-based supports by participating school-based professionals. In addition, school personnel rated the training materials and methods as acceptable and feasible for use in typical school contexts and provided descriptive data related to perceived enablers and barriers to implementing function-based support in schools. Limitations, practical implications, and future research needs are discussed.
Contrasting (power of) visual and textual discourses in art studies: a critical perspective
Authors: Da Conceição Pereira Anabela
Published: January 2016

This article begins with the assumption that analysing visual discourse is a question of exploring the hermeneutic potentials and epistemological emergence of images as depending on individual perception, ways of seeing and social interaction, strengthening their agency, to ascertain their significance and recognition as aesthetical symbols, as meaning-making processes. The article presents a case study based on two world-renowned Portuguese artists (Helena Almeida and Jorge Molder) in which the authors understand the notion of the agency of image as an original means of interpreting social and cultural experiences, studying how artists transform their visual representations in ambiguous narratives about images. Starting from a critical and phenomenological perspective, the authors developed an image-based analysis, contrasting artists’ visual representations with their textual readings and recognizing the central meanings of self-representation in both cases.
Condom Use, Sexual Risk, and Self-Reported STI in a Sample of Older Male Clients of Heterosexual Prostitution in the United States
Authors: Milrod Christine , Monto Martin
Published: January 2016

While there is evidence of increasing rates of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) among older men in the United States, there has been little research on older male clients of female sex providers. The purpose of the current study was to understand the sexual risk behaviors and psychosocial correlates among older men hiring sex providers through provider review websites and discussion boards. A convenience sample of 208 male clients ages 60 to 84 completed online surveys about their sexual behavior and psychosocial factors. Participants indicated the most common sexual activities with providers in the past 12 months were receiving condomless fellatio (33.7%) and having penile–vaginal intercourse with a condom (31.7%). Although condomless penile–vaginal sex with a provider in the past 12 months was only reported by 2.9%, about half (51%) of the respondents indicated that they had experienced this at least once during their lifetime. This was associated with a preference for providers who do not require condoms, having been previously diagnosed with an STI, and perceiving one’s HIV risk to be higher, as well as advancing age and having more emotional relationships with providers. Findings demonstrate the need for general and sexual health care practitioners to openly discuss protective measures and strategies for avoiding STIs among their older-to-elderly male patients.
New insights into the anti-PD-L1 and anti-PD-1 reagents in cancer therapy
Authors: Chen Cheng , Huang Jian-An
Published: January 2016

Immunotherapy that inhibits the interaction between programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1), present on the surface of tumor or antigen-presenting cells, and programmed death 1 (PD-1), present on the surface of activated lymphocytes, is generating much excitement and enthusiasm. Although considerable knowledge has been accumulated on anti-PD-L1 and anti-PD-1 reagents, discovering immunotherapy-associated issues still remains a pressing task for the researchers and clinicians.
A tale of resistant Escherichia coli epididymo-orchitis in an HIV-positive individual
Authors: Seneviratne Kanchana , Bignell Christopher
Published: January 2016

Epididymo-orchitis in men > 35 years is more frequently associated with enteric rather than sexually transmitted organisms. We describe a case for which we did not find any reports of this type of treatment failure in the past.
Quality of Education in Private Higher Institutions in Ethiopia
Authors: Yirdaw Arega
Published: January 2016

Quality higher education is considered as one of the major elements that guarantee sustainable economic and social development at the national and regional levels of a given economy. This study identified factors of leadership and governance in private higher education institutions in Ethiopia that may contribute to a declining quality of education. Employing a qualitative case study methodology, administrators in six private higher education institutions in Ethiopia were interviewed and their perspectives were compared with other publicly available information. Results indicate that these institutions are continuously challenged to balance government requirements and stakeholder demands in an environment where under funding, scarcity of qualified instructors, poor infrastructure, poorly qualified students, and a biased regulatory environment are being exhibited. In addition, the study revealed that most educational leaders believed that addressing more effective governance can improve educational quality significantly. Recommendations for policy makers, regulators, and leaders of higher education institutions include ensuring availability and proper utilization of qualified instructors, adequate infrastructure, autonomous quality assurance units, and more equable regulation and enforcement of provisions across the higher education sector.
An Analysis of Disability, Academic Performance, and Seeking Support in One University Setting
Authors: Dong Shengli , Lucas Margaretha S.
Published: January 2016

This study focused on the academic performance and use of disability support services (DSS) of students with different types of disabilities who attend a postsecondary education institution. Findings show different patterns of academic success over four semesters as well as different patterns of DSS usage. Students who requested support from DSS were more likely to demonstrate improved academic performance, but relatively few students sought such support. The authors discussed the implications for professionals in working with this population.
Arf6 controls platelet spreading and clot retraction via integrin αIIbβ3 trafficking
Authors: Huang Yunjie , Joshi Smita , Xiang Binggang , Kanaho Yasunori , Li Zhenyu , Bouchard Beth A. , Moncman Carole L. , Whiteheart Sidney W.
Published: January 2016

Key Points

Arf6 selectively regulates endocytic trafficking of platelet αIIbβ3. Endocytosis contributes to acute platelet function.
Unification of several distance functions and a common fixed point result
Authors: Abbas Mujahid , Ali Bashir , Suleiman Yusuf I
Published: January 2016

In this work, we initiate the notions of dislocated-$A_{b}$

A
b

-quasi-metric and $A_{b}$

A
b

-quasi-metric-like spaces. Then we establish the existence of a common fixed point of weakly compatible mappings satisfying a contractive condition on a closed neighborhood of dislocated $A_{b}$

A
b

-quasi-metric spaces. Some examples are given to show that these spaces are more general than various known comparable metric spaces. Our result unify, complement, and generalize various known results in the literature.
Translocator Protein (TSPO) Affects Mitochondrial Fatty Acid Oxidation in Steroidogenic Cells
Authors: Tu Lan N. , Zhao Amy H. , Hussein Mahmoud , Stocco Douglas M. , Selvaraj Vimal
Published: January 2016

Translocator protein (TSPO), also known as the peripheral benzodiazepine receptor, is a highly conserved outer mitochondrial membrane protein present in specific subpopulations of cells within different tissues. In recent studies, the presumptive model depicting mammalian TSPO as a critical cholesterol transporter for steroidogenesis has been refuted by studies examining effects of Tspo gene deletion in vivo and in vitro, biochemical testing of TSPO cholesterol transport function, and specificity of TSPO-mediated pharmacological responses. Nevertheless, high TSPO expression in steroid-producing cells seemed to indicate an alternate function for this protein in steroidogenic mitochondria. To seek an explanation, we used CRISPR/Cas9-mediated TSPO knockout steroidogenic MA-10 Leydig cell (MA-10:TspoΔ/Δ) clones to examine changes to core mitochondrial functions resulting from TSPO deficiency. We observed that 1) MA-10:TspoΔ/Δ cells had a shift in substrate utilization for energy production from glucose to fatty acids with significantly higher mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation (FAO), and increased reactive oxygen species production; and 2) oxygen consumption rate, mitochondrial membrane potential, and proton leak were not different between MA-10:TspoΔ/Δ and MA-10:Tspo+/+ control cells. Consistent with this finding, TSPO-deficient adrenal glands from global TSPO knockout (Tspo−/−) mice also showed up-regulation of genes involved in FAO compared with the TSPO floxed (Tspofl/fl) controls. These results demonstrate the first experimental evidence that TSPO can affect mitochondrial energy homeostasis through modulation of FAO, a function that appears to be consistent with high levels of TSPO expression observed in cell types active in lipid storage/metabolism.
Teaching the Politics of Encounter
Authors: Hite Katherine
Published: January 2016

This article focuses on encounters within spaces of traumatic memory in Chile and considers how outsiders, primarily college students, engage with narrators in these sites. The article explores the concept of empathic unsettlement, including how and whether empathic unsettlement lasts and how it moves with people. Empathic unsettlement is that middle ground between engagement and disruption, a dynamic between the narrator and the listener, that jars, that unsettles, that reframes, in a productive way, that moves one toward understanding another, while making clear that the trauma or injury of another is beyond total understanding. The article searches for connection across difference, both sensitive to trauma and suggestive of ways trauma can be opened up, harnessed toward a solidaristic politics. Memory spaces offer such possibility.
Illness Narratives in the Later Middle Ages: Arderne, Chaucer, and Hoccleve
Authors: Turner Marion
Published: January 2016

Thinkers such as Elaine Scarry and Kathlyn Conway have written about the problems of master narratives of illness: pain can mark the limits of what narrative can do. This essay argues that late medieval writers not only had an understanding of the impulse to fit illness into narrative structures but also understood the inherent limitation that emplotment and narrativization entails. Focusing on a doctor, John Arderne, a patient-poet, Thomas Hoccleve, and a poet, Geoffrey Chaucer, the essay explores how all three reveal their understanding of the artifice of narrativizing pain and illness. They present themselves as flawed and sick narrators, not as authoritative masters of the material of their texts. Surgeon and vernacular poet are connected by their social and cultural indeterminacy; they are vulnerable, feminized figures, aware of the contingency of their interpretations and the holes in their narratives. All focus on the limits of narrative and narrator alike, modeling the inability of narrative to make sense of pain.
A report of three cases and review of the literature on rectal disruption following abdominal seatbelt trauma
Authors: El Kafsi J , Kraus R , Guy R
Published: January 2016

Seatbelt associated blunt trauma to the rectum is a rare but well recognised injury. The exact mechanism of hollow visceral injury in blunt trauma is unclear. Stress and shear waves generated by abdominal compression may in part account for injury to gas containing structures. A ‘seatbelt sign’ (linear ecchymosis across the abdomen in the distribution of the lap belt) should raise the suspicion of hollow visceral injuries and can be more severe with disruption of the abdominal wall musculature.

Three consecutive cases of rectal injury following blunt abdominal trauma, requiring emergency laparotomy and resection, are described. Lumbar spine injury occurred in one case and in the other two cases, there was injury to the iliac wing of the pelvis; all three cases sustained significant abdominal wall contusion or muscle disruption. Abdominal wall reconstruction and closure posed a particular challenge, requiring a multidisciplinary approach. The literature on this topic is reviewed and potential mechanisms of injury are discussed.
A review of the surgical conversion rate and independent management of spinal extended scope practitioners in a secondary care setting
Authors: Wood L , Hendrick P , Boszczyk B , Dunstan E
Published: January 2016

Introduction

Spinal orthopaedic triage aims to reduce unnecessary referrals to surgical consultants, thereby reducing waiting times to be seen by a surgeon and to surgical intervention. This paper presents an evaluation of a spinal orthopaedic triage service in the third largest spinal unit in the UK.

Methods

A retrospective service evaluation spanning 2012 to 2014 was undertaken by members of the extended scope practitioner (ESP) team to evaluate the ESPs’ ability to manage patient care independently and triage surgical referrals appropriately. Data collected included rates of independent management, referral rates for surgical consideration and conversion to surgery. Patient satisfaction rates were evaluated retrospectively from questionnaires given to 5% of discharged patients.

Results

A total of 2,651 patients were seen. The vast majority (92%) of all referrals seen by ESPs were managed independently. Only 8% required either a discussion with a surgeon to confirm management or for surgical review. Of the latter, 81% were considered to be suitable surgical referrals. A 99% satisfaction rate was reported by discharged patients.

Conclusions

ESP services in a specialist spinal service are effective in managing spinal conditions conservatively and identifying surgical candidates appropriately. Further research is needed to confirm ESPs’ diagnostic accuracy, patient outcomes and cost effectiveness.
Student evaluations of teaching (mostly) do not measure teaching effectiveness
Authors: Boring Anne , Ottoboni Kellie , Stark Philip B.
Published: January 2016

Student evaluations of teaching (SET) are widely used in academic personnel decisions as a measure of teaching effectiveness. We show:

SET are biased against female instructors by an amount that is large and statistically significant.

The bias affects how students rate even putatively objective aspects of teaching, such as how promptly assignments are graded.

The bias varies by discipline and by student gender, among other things.

It is not possible to adjust for the bias, because it depends on so many factors.

SET are more sensitive to students’ gender bias and grade expectations than they are to teaching effectiveness.

Gender biases can be large enough to cause more effective instructors to get lower SET than less effective instructors.

These findings are based on nonparametric statistical tests applied to two datasets: 23,001 SET of 379 instructors by 4,423 students in six mandatory first-year courses in a five-year natural experiment at a French university, and 43 SET for four sections of an online course in a randomized, controlled, blind experiment at a US university.
“Mais vous savez, c'est un peu degoutant, ça”: Katherine Mansfield, Food, and the Indiscretions of the Great War
Authors: Bilsing Tracy
Published: January 2016

The short fiction of modernist author Katherine Mansfield, in particular her work written during World War I, provides a distinctive glimpse into the civilian culture of war. Mansfield uses food imagery in her writing to accentuate a shifting sensibility and profoundly emotional response to her own experience of the war. Embedded throughout her letters, notebooks, and short fiction written during and soon after the Great War, are references to food, especially to meat. Mansfield's food imagery and her artistic manipulation of the act of consuming food politicizes her work and compels a reconsideration of several pieces of short fiction which engage the event of war.
Functional Interplay of Two Paralogs Encoding SWI/SNF Chromatin-Remodeling Accessory Subunits DuringCaenorhabditis elegansDevelopment
Authors: Ertl Iris , Porta-de-la-Riva Montserrat , Gómez-Orte Eva , Rubio-Peña Karinna , Aristizábal-Corrales David , Cornes Eric , Fontrodona Laura , Osteikoetxea Xabier , Ayuso Cristina , Askjaer Peter , Cabello Juan , Cerón Julián
Published: January 2016

SWI/SNF ATP-dependent chromatin-remodeling complexes have been related to several cellular processes such as transcription, regulation of chromosomal stability, and DNA repair. The Caenorhabditis elegans gene ham-3 (also known as swsn-2.1) and its paralog swsn-2.2 encode accessory subunits of SWI/SNF complexes. Using RNA interference (RNAi) assays and diverse alleles we investigated whether ham-3 and swsn-2.2 have different functions during C. elegans development since they encode proteins that are probably mutually exclusive in a given SWI/SNF complex. We found that ham-3 and swsn-2.2 display similar functions in vulva specification, germline development, and intestinal cell proliferation, but have distinct roles in embryonic development. Accordingly, we detected functional redundancy in some developmental processes and demonstrated by RNA sequencing of RNAi-treated L4 animals that ham-3 and swsn-2.2 regulate the expression of a common subset of genes but also have specific targets. Cell lineage analyses in the embryo revealed hyper-proliferation of intestinal cells in ham-3 null mutants whereas swsn-2.2 is required for proper cell divisions. Using a proteomic approach, we identified SWSN-2.2-interacting proteins needed for early cell divisions, such as SAO-1 and ATX-2, and also nuclear envelope proteins such as MEL-28. swsn-2.2 mutants phenocopy mel-28 loss-of-function, and we observed that SWSN-2.2 and MEL-28 colocalize in mitotic and meiotic chromosomes. Moreover, we demonstrated that SWSN-2.2 is required for correct chromosome segregation and nuclear reassembly after mitosis including recruitment of MEL-28 to the nuclear periphery.
Juegos de niñas y juegos de niños: Estudio sobre la representación del juego infantil a través del dibujo
Authors: Martínez-Bello Vladimir , Moragón-Alcañíz Francisco
Published: January 2016

El objetivo del estudio consistió en describir la forma en que niños y niñas de primer ciclo de educación primaria representan el juego infantil a través del dibujo. La recolección de datos se realizó en dos sesiones separadas por una semana, acompañada de narraciones orales de los participantes para cada dibujo. Una vez transcritas las entrevistas se codificaron las categorías más importantes a saber: Tipo de juego, dominio de actividad física, edad, género, dimensión social y lugar. Los dibujos de niños representan actividades deportivas y competitivas en espacios al aire libre en compañía de niños. Por el contrario, los dibujos de niñas representan actividades sedentarias o de baja intensidad realizadas bajo techo en compañía de niñas y mujeres adultas. En conclusión, el dibujo infantil puede favorecer la comprensión del juego infantil con el fin de mostrar alternativas a aquellos modelos de cultura física dominantes impuestos desde la primera infancia.
Fatores associados à adesão à vacinação anti-influenza em idosos não institucionalizados, São Paulo, Brasil
Authors: Moura Roudom Ferreira , Andrade Fabíola Bof de , Duarte Yeda Aparecida Oliveira , Lebrão Maria Lúcia , Antunes José Leopoldo Ferreira
Published: January 2016

Resumo O objetivo do estudo foi estimar a cobertura vacinal contra a influenza em idosos e identificar os fatores associados à adesão à vacinação. Foi realizado estudo transversal de base populacional, com dados coletados, em 2006, pelo estudo Saúde, Bem-estar e Envelhecimento. A amostra foi composta por 1.399 idosos do Município de São Paulo, Brasil. A associação entre a adesão à vacina e as variáveis independentes foi avaliada por meio da razão de prevalências, estimada pela regressão de Poisson. A vacinação autorreferida foi de 73,8%. No modelo explicativo final, a vacinação contra a gripe foi associada à idade mais elevada, à presença de doenças crônicas e ao atendimento à saúde no ano anterior. Foi observada associação negativa com a internação no ano anterior. Concluiu-se ser necessário incentivar a vacinação de idosos com menos de 70 anos e sem doenças crônicas, assim como orientar os profissionais de saúde para ampliar a cobertura nos grupos com menor participação nas campanhas.
Effect of classic massage in quality of life of university students
Authors: Oliveira Nuno Miguel Lopes de , Hueb Martha Franco Diniz , Castro Shamyr Sulyvan de
Published: January 2016

Abstract Introduction : Due to often excessive academic activities, some university students are affected by stress, anxiety and depression, which can negatively influence quality of life. The classical massage was tested as a strategy for improving quality of life, since it presents psychogenic effects that contribute to this. Objective : To evaluate the effects of classical massage on quality of life, in stress, anxiety, depression and cardiorespiratory variables of university students. Methods : The sample consisted of an intervention group and a control group. While the intervention group (n = 10) received ten massage sessions, twice a week, for 30 minutes in the region of the cervical and thoracic spine, the control group (n = 12) received no intervention. For evaluating psychological variables, the Quality of Life Scale, the Lipp Inventory of Stress Symptoms for Adults, and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale were used. To assess cardiorespiratory variables, blood pressure, heart and respiratory rate were measured. Results : There was a significant improvement in quality of life and significant decrease in cardiorespiratory variables. Conclusion : The classic massage can be a strategy for the improvement of quality of life in university students who present symptoms of stress, anxiety, elevation of blood pressure, heart and respiratory rate.
Sleep quality in patients with chronic low back pain
Authors: França Verônica Leonor , Koerich Micheline Henrique Araújo da Luz , Nunes Guilherme S.
Published: January 2016

Abstract Introduction : Sleep performs a restorative function for the body. Medical conditions such as Chronic Low Back Pain (CLBP) may cause sleep changes and impair sleep quality. Objectives : To identify the prevalence of sleep disorders among individuals with CLBP, and investigate whether there is an association between these disorders and perceived functional disability. Materials and methods : This observational, descriptive study was conducted with 51 patients seen at the Clinic of the School of Physical Therapy of Santa Catarina State University. Data were collected through interviews addressing socio-demographic and clinical data, and administration of the Roland-Morris Disability Questionnaire (RMDQ) and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Results : Participants had high levels of functional disability (mean, 16.71 ± 4.16 score points). 82.35% of patients had poor sleep quality (mean, 10.22 ± 4.84 score points). The PSQI components with the highest mean scores were: sleep latency and sleep disturbances. There was also a weak association between functional disability and sleep quality (Spearman = 0.31; p = 0.025), i.e., the higher the disability, the worse the quality of sleep. Conclusion : We found a high prevalence of sleep disorders among patients with CLBP, and a weak association with the level of perceived disability. It is important to conduct further studies on the relationship between these factors and sleep quality. Moreover, there is a need for a multidisciplinary approach in the treatment of CLBP, in order to treat sleep disorders and improve patients' quality of life.
Time influence of mechanical ventilation on functional independence in patients submitted to cardiac surgery: literature review
Authors: Cordeiro André Luiz , Melo Thiago Araújo de , Santos Andriele Medeiros , Lopes Gisele Freitas
Published: January 2016

Abstract Introduction: Patients submitted to cardiovascular surgery present motor and respiratory complications mainly due to high surgery manipulation and the use of mechanical ventilation. Reducing the weaning start time and disconnecting patient's ventilation system prematurely can decrease the pulmonary complications and hospitalization time. Motor complications are the most relevant as they have a direct effect on functional independence provoked by immobility time. Objectives : Identify if mechanical ventilation time has an impact on functional capacity on patients submitted to cardiac surgery in order to contribute to the establishment of reliable evidence to practice through this patient's profile. Materials and methods : Original articles were analyzed, published between 2000 and 2014, which focused on the influence of mechanical ventilation time concerning the functional independence on patients submitted to cardiac surgery, contained in the following electronic database: Scielo, BIREME (LILACS), PubMed e CAPES. Results : It was observed that the length of stay in the intensive care unit in cardiac surgery was influenced directly by CPB, VM and pulmonary dysfunction. Functional independence was compromised in patients with longer duration of mechanical ventilation, postoperative pain and prolonged bed rest. It was also found that there is no consensus on the protocol for improved functional capacity. Conclusion : There is a functional decline in patients undergoing cardiac surgery, especially those at increased length of stay in mechanical ventilation, reflecting a direct and negative impact on their functional independence and quality of life.
Micro-CT Evaluation of Root Filling Removal after Three Stages of Retreatment Procedure
Authors: Rosa Ricardo Abreu da , Santini Manuela Favarin , Cavenago Bruno Cavalini , Pereira Jefferson Ricardo , Duarte Marco Antônio Húngaro , Só Marcus Vinícius Reis
Published: January 2016

The aim of this study was to quantify the residual filling material after filling removal, re-preparation with rotary or reciprocating files and passive ultrasonic irrigation (PUI). Twenty maxillary molars were prepared using ProTaper instruments up to F1. The teeth were filled with AH Plus and ProTaper gutta-percha points using the single-cone technique. Thereafter, the specimens were scanned using a micro-computed tomography system (Micro-CT #1). Then, the root canal filling was removed using ProTaper Retreatment files, and a new scan was performed (Micro-CT #2). The specimens were divided into two groups according to the instrument used for re-preparation: ProTaper rotary or WaveOne reciprocating files (Micro-CT #3). Finally, PUI was performed, and a new micro-CT scan was performed (Micro-CT #4). Intragroup and intergroup analyses were performed using Friedman and Dunn's post hoc test and the Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn post hoc tests, respectively. Palatal canal presented the highest volume of residual filling material in all stages of endodontic retreatment (p<0.05). The main reduction of filling volume was achieved after using ProTaper Retreament (p<0.05). The amount of remaining filling material after using ProTaper Retreatment was similar to that achieved with rotary and reciprocating files and after PUI (p>0.05). Rotary and reciprocating files achieved similar removal of the root canal filling (p>0.05). The greatest reduction in filling material was achieved after using ProTaper Retreatment files. Rotary and reciprocating instruments and PUI did not improve the removal of root canal filling materials.
Three-dimensional Quantitative Porosity Characterization of Syringe- versus Hand-mixed Set Epoxy Resin Root Canal Sealer
Authors: De-Deus Gustavo , Scelza Miriam Z. , Neelakantan Prasanna , Sharma Subash , Neves Aline de Almeida , Silva Emmanuel João Nogueira Leal
Published: January 2016

The aim of the present study was to compare the porosity characteristics of AH Plus Jet(tm) syringe-mix and the conventional hand-mixed AH Plus root canal sealers by three-dimensional quantitative high-resolution micro-computed tomography (micro-CT). Seven test specimens were prepared from each tested sealer by a single operator following the manufacturer's instructions and poured into pre-lubricated plastic split-ring moulds. Set sealer test specimens were scanned using a micro-CT device and the shadow images were reconstructed into cross-sectional slices. The evaluated parameters were (i) total pore count, (ii) total pore volume and mean pore volume, (iii) total porosity (% of pore volume in relation to total sealer volume) and (iv) mean pore distance to the sealer lateral external surface. In both groups, most pores were localized within the external sealer perimeter (0.05 mm from the external surface). Hand-mixed AH Plus specimens showed statistically significant higher mean total pore count, total pore volume and total porosity (p=0.001) than the syringe-mixed specimens. However, mean pore sizes in AH Plus syringe-mixed specimens were significantly higher (p=0.046) than the AH Plus hand-mixed counterparts. Hand-mixed AH Plus was associated with higher total mean pore count, volume and total porosity compared to syringe mixed AH Plus.
Evaluation of the Biological Behavior of Mucograft® in Human Gingival Fibroblasts: An In Vitro Study
Authors: Lima Rafaela S. R. e , Peruzzo Daiane C. , Napimoga Marcelo H. , Saba-Chujfi Eduardo , Santos-Pereira Silvio Antonio dos , Martinez Elizabeth F.
Published: January 2016

Mucograft(r) is a resorbing porcine matrix composed of type I and type III collagen, used for soft tissue augmentation in guided tissue bony regeneration procedures. This in vitro study aimed to evaluate the biological behavior of Mucograft(r) in human gingival fibroblasts, as well as the ability of the matrix to induce production of extracellular matrix. Six resorbing Mucograft(r) matrices (MCG) were cut into 3 x 2 mm rectangles and 5 x 5 mm squares and were placed in 96- and 24-well plates, respectively. The control group (CTRL) consisted of cells plated on polystyrene without the MCG. After one, two, three and seven days, cell proliferation and viability were assessed using the Trypan exclusion method and MTT test, respectively. Type III collagen (COL 3A1) and vimentin (VIM) expression were also evaluated at 10 and 14 days, using Western blotting. Statistical analysis, using ANOVA with post hoc Bonferroni test, revealed that human gingival fibroblasts from MCG showed similar results (p>0.05) for proliferation and viability as the cells cultured on CTRL. After 14 days, a significant decrease in COL 3A1 expression (p<0.05) was observed when cultured with the MCG. VIM expression showed no significant difference at any time period (p>0.05). Although no increase in extracellular matrix secretion was observed in this in vitro study, Mucograft(r) presented cellular compatibility, being an option for a scaffold whenever it is required.
Experimental Calcium Silicate-Based Cement with and without Zirconium Oxide Modulates Fibroblasts Viability
Authors: Slompo Camila , Peres-Buzalaf Camila , Gasque Kellen Cristina da Silva , Damante Carla Andreotti , Ordinola-Zapata Ronald , Duarte Marco Antonio Hungaro , Oliveira Rodrigo Cardoso de
Published: January 2016

The aim of this study was to verify whether the use of zirconium oxide as a radiopacifier of an experimental calcium silicate-based cement (WPCZO) leads to cytotoxicity. Fibroblasts were treated with different concentrations (10 mg/mL, 1 mg/mL, and 0.1 mg/mL) of the cements diluted in Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium (DMEM) for periods of 12, 24, and 48 h. Groups tested were white Portland cement (WPC), white Portland cement with zirconium oxide (WPCZO), and white mineral trioxide aggregate Angelus (MTA). Control group cells were not treated. The cytotoxicity was evaluated through mitochondrial-activity (MTT) and cell-density (crystal violet) assays. All cements showed low cytotoxicity. In general, at the concentration of 10 mg/mL there was an increase in viability of those groups treated with WPC and WPCZO when compared to the control group (p<0.05). A similar profile for the absorbance values was noted among the groups: 10 mg/mL presented an increase in viability compared to the control group. On the other hand, smaller concentrations presented a similar or lower viability compared to the control group, in general. A new dental material composed of calcium silicate-based cement with 20% zirconium oxide as the radiopacifier showed low cytotoxicity as a promising material to be exploited for root-end filling.
Influence of Light Source, Thermocycling and Silane on the Shear Bond Strength of Metallic Brackets to Ceramic
Authors: Abreu Neto Hugo Franco de , Costa Ana Rosa , Correr Américo Bortolazzo , Vedovello Silvia Amélia , Valdrighi Heloísa Cristina , Santos Eduardo Cesar Almada , Correr-Sobrinho Lourenço , Vedovello Filho Mário
Published: January 2016

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of different light sources, thermocycling and silane on the bond strength of metallic brackets to ceramic. Cylinders of feldspathic ceramic were etched with 10% hydrofluoric acid for 60 s. Half of the cylinders (Groups 1 to 4) received two layers of silane. Metallic brackets were bonded to the cylinders using Transbond XT and divided into 8 groups (n=20), according to light source (Radii Plus LED - 40 s; Groups 1, 2, 5 and 6 and XL 2500 halogen light - 40 s; Groups 3, 4, 7 and 8) and experimental conditions with (Groups 2, 4, 6 and 8) without thermocycling (Groups 1, 3, 5 and 7). Shear bond testing was carried out after 24 h of deionized water storage (Groups 1, 3, 5 and 7) and thermocycling (Groups 2, 4, 6 and 8; 7,000 cycles - 5°/55 °C). Date were submitted to three-way ANOVA and Tukey's post hoc test (α=0.05). The Adhesive Remnamt Index (ARI) was evaluated at 8× magnification. The application of silane was effective in increasing the shear bond strength of the brackets to ceramic (p<0.05). Significant difference (p<0.05) on the bond strength was observed between light sources with or without thermocycling. The ARI showed a predominance of scores 0 for all groups, with an increase in scores 1, 2 and 3 for the silane groups. In conclusion, silane improved significantly the shear bond strength of the brackets to ceramic. The thermocycling and light sources influence on the bond strength.
Micropolítica em Mil Platôs: uma leitura
Authors: Ferreira Neto João Leite
Published: January 2016

Resumo: O objetivo deste artigo é analisar o conceito de micropolítica em Mil Platôs, de Deleuze e Guattari, explorando possibilidades de sua utilização. Focaliza o capítulo 9 do livro, analisando-o em suas três seções e buscando acompanhar a construção do conceito e suas dificuldades, em especial o dualismo que o acompanha. Nessa análise, dialoga-se tanto com textos críticos quanto com textos associados às ideias dos autores, apresentando elementos para compreensão do projeto filosófico que sustenta a discussão deleuzo-guattariana. Enfatiza-se, como princípio de leitura, que micro e macropolítica se distinguem, mas são inseparáveis. Com base nisso sugere-se uma leitura desses conceitos no campo das políticas públicas, focalizando sua articulação em vez de sobrevalorizar a micropolítica. Reconhece-se a disseminação de certo uso "neomoralista" desses conceitos em parte da literatura, o que é criticado por vários autores. Valoriza-se a fecundidade heurística dos conceitos diante do atual esgotamento das análises exclusivamente macropolíticas.
Os professores e a educação inclusiva: identificação dos fatores necessários à sua implementação
Authors: Dias Marian Ávila de Lima e , Rosa Simone Conceição , Andrade Patrícia Ferreira
Published: January 2016

Resumo: A pesquisa objetivou identificar fatores considerados necessários para a implementação da educação inclusiva ligados aos professores e sua atuação. Realizou-se um levantamento bibliográfico de textos acadêmicos sobre o tema; posteriormente, foram entrevistadas três professoras com experiência em educação inclusiva. A pesquisa bibliográfica identificou 20 fatores, que foram separados em três categorias: I - fatores relativos ao professor, II - fatores intraescolares e III - fatores sociais. Para as entrevistadas, a centralidade da educação inclusiva recai sobre os fatores relativos ao professor, em especial às suas características de personalidade, tais como afetividade e persistência, sem nenhuma menção aos fatores sociais. Tais respostas indicam concepções de escola e de inclusão em que o desempenho individual do professor é visto como independente do clima social e das políticas de implementação da educação inclusiva.
Lacan e a negatividade do desejo
Authors: Nunes Tiago Ribeiro
Published: January 2016

Resumo O presente trabalho pretende demonstrar que, na primeira parte do ensino de Jacques Lacan, a assunção subjetiva do desejo enquanto falta-a-ser representa o ponto de chegada de uma psicanálise. Recorrendo aos textos inaugurais do seu ensino, veremos que é justamente a falta de um saber imanente, capaz de designar o objeto compatível com as suas necessidades, que impõe ao desejo sua negatividade, sintomaticamente expressa na forma do "que queres tu de mim?", com a qual o sujeito pretende reparar a inconsistência do Outro. Tal como propõe o psicanalista francês, uma experiência com a psicanálise levada ao seu limite deveria produzir a assunção pelo sujeito do seu desejo enquanto pura falta-a-ser, em razão da qual se liquidaria o seu endereçamento ao Outro como fundamento último.
Aconselhamento psicológico como área de fronteira
Authors: Schmidt Maria Luisa Sandoval
Published: January 2016

Resumo O ensaio lança mão da noção de fronteira para analisar relações do campo do aconselhamento psicológico com a ordenação disciplinar da psicologia, partindo da experiência do Serviço de Aconselhamento Psicológico (SAP) do Instituto de Psicologia da Universidade de São Paulo (IPUSP). Articula referências teóricas do aconselhamento psicológico praticado com base na abordagem centrada na pessoa e do chamado pós-colonialismo na esfera da crítica literária, nomeadamente Edward Said e Homi Bhabha, assim como da antropologia, com Marc Augè e Vincent Crapanzano, e da história das ciências, com Bruno Latour, buscando refinar a visão da formação identitária do aconselhamento psicológico praticado pelo SAP. A análise parte de alguns elementos da fundação do SAP para, em seguida, dar atenção ao contexto e aos desdobramentos da metáfora e do conceito de fronteira na constituição identitária do campo de aconselhamento psicológico na relação com a ordem disciplinar no interior da psicologia e do IPUSP, tecendo, por fim, comentários sobre sua liminaridade e tomando como exemplo o plantão psicológico. Condição de liminaridade e posições minoritárias e/ou contra-hegemônicas no plano político e ideológico aparecem como qualidades do aconselhamento psicológico visto como região de fronteira.
Por uma ética do cuidado na psicanálise da criança
Authors: França Rafaela Mota Paixão , Rocha Zeferino
Published: January 2016

Resumo Ao refletir sobre a função do cuidado na constituição psíquica, este artigo discute os aspectos fundamentais para se pensar a clínica psicanalítica com crianças, marcada por um exercício ético. O estilo clínico de Winnicott e de Ferenczi, tomado como referência, favorece a proposição de que a dimensão intersubjetiva mostra-se como um elemento central à ética do cuidado em psicanálise, podendo contribuir para movimentar as práticas de cuidado na infância.
Arqueologia fenomenológica, fenomenologia genética e psicologia: rumo à gênese das manifestações culturais
Authors: Valério Pedro Henrique Martins , Barreira Cristiano Antunes
Published: January 2016

Resumo Neste artigo é realizada uma investigação teórica de fundamentos e princípios da fenomenologia clássica enquanto orientação metodológica para o estudo de fenômenos culturais. Tal investigação se inscreve no domínio qualitativo de pesquisa em psicologia e, portanto, no domínio da psicologia da cultura. Porém, ao considerar o domínio geral dos estudos fenomenológicos em psicologia, constata-se a regularidade de críticas à fenomenologia clássica, pondo em questão alguns pressupostos metodológicos adotados por Husserl, tendo por referência, sobretudo, seus trabalhos publicados em vida. Com base em autores contemporâneos que têm se dedicado ao estudo de suas últimas obras e manuscritos ainda não publicados, o debate em torno dessas críticas é atualizado de modo a inovar as reflexões sobre a aplicação empírica de sua fenomenologia. Verificam-se então equivalências entre a arqueologia fenomenológica das culturas e a fenomenologia genética que delineiam as primeiras orientações metodológicas para o estudo de fenômenos culturais.
Michel Henry e os problemas da encarnação: o corpo doente
Authors: Ferreira Maristela Vendramel
Published: January 2016

Resumo: Em sua teoria da encarnação, Michel Henry subverte radicalmente o paradigma cartesiano tal como é entendido pela fenomenologia tradicional, oferecendo à psicologia e a outras áreas do saber a concepção da indissociabilidade entre a subjetividade e o corpo. Ele concebe o corpo como subjetivo e o denomina carne, sendo que as dissociações são modos de padecimento da individualidade encarnada. Contudo, Michel Henry não tematiza os problemas da encarnação e suas consequências, sendo que tais problemas podem advir de degenerações orgânicas. É relevante para a clínica psicológica tematizarmos sobre os problemas da encarnação, pois o modo como vivemos o corpo é o modo como habitamos a carne. O objetivo deste trabalho é buscar compreender a questão da encarnação nas degenerações orgânicas e como elas afetam a constituição do Si. Para tanto, será utilizado o sentido da audição e sua perda como fio condutor na abordagem da problemática.