bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Candesartan Normalizes Changes in Retinal Blood Flow and p22phox in the Diabetic Rat Retina
Authors: Eshaq Randa S. , Watts Megan N. , Carter Patsy R. , Leskova Wendy , Aw Tak Yee , Alexander Jonathan Steven , Harris Norman R.
Published: March 2021

Angiotensin II has been implicated in the progression of diabetic retinopathy, which is characterized by altered microvasculature, oxidative stress, and neuronal dysfunction. The signaling induced by angiotensin II can occur not only via receptor-mediated calcium release that causes vascular constriction, but also through a pathway whereby angiotensin II activates NADPH oxidase to elicit the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). In the current study, we administered the angiotensin II receptor antagonist candesartan (or vehicle, in untreated animals) in a rat model of type 1 diabetes in which hyperglycemia was induced by injection of streptozotocin (STZ). Eight weeks after the STZ injection, untreated diabetic rats were found to have a significant increase in tissue levels of angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE; p < 0.05) compared to non-diabetic controls, a 33% decrease in retinal blood flow rate (p < 0.001), and a dramatic increase in p22phox (a subunit of the NADPH oxidase). The decrease in retinal blood flow, and the increases in retinal ACE and p22phox in the diabetic rats, were all significantly attenuated (p < 0.05) by the administration of candesartan in drinking water within one week. Neither STZ nor candesartan induced any changes in tissue levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD-1), 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE), or nitrotyrosine. We conclude that one additional benefit of candesartan (and other angiotensin II antagonists) may be to normalize retinal blood flow, which may have clinical benefits in diabetic retinopathy.
Strengthening of Porcine Plasma Protein Superabsorbent Materials through a Solubilization-Freeze-Drying Process
Authors: Álvarez-Castillo Estefanía , Bengoechea Carlos , Guerrero Antonio
Published: March 2021

The replacement of common acrylic derivatives by biodegradable materials in the formulation of superabsorbent materials would lessen the associated environmental impact. Moreover, the use of by-products or biowastes from the food industry that are usually discarded would promote a desired circular economy. The present study deals with the development of superabsorbent materials based on a by-product from the meat industry, namely plasma protein, focusing on the effects of a freeze-drying stage before blending with glycerol and eventual injection molding. More specifically, this freeze-drying stage is carried out either directly on the protein flour or after its solubilization in deionized water (10% w/w). Superabsorbent materials obtained after this solubilization-freeze-drying process display higher Young’s modulus and tensile strength values, without affecting their water uptake capacity. As greater water uptake is commonly related to poorer mechanical properties, the proposed solubilization-freeze-drying process is a useful strategy for producing strengthened hydrophilic materials.
Tide-Induced Variability and Mechanisms of Surface Suspended Sediment in the Zhoushan Archipelago along the Southeastern Coast of China Based on GOCI Data
Authors: Du Yunfei , Lin Huiyi , He Shuangyan , Wang Daosheng , Wang Ya Ping , Zhang Jicai
Published: March 2021

The variations and dynamics of suspended sediment in the coastal waters around the Zhoushan Archipelago are complex due to strong tidal dynamics. This study aims to delineate the tide-induced variability of surface suspended sediment and reveal its mechanisms in the Zhoushan Archipelago based on Geostationary Ocean Color Imager (GOCI) data. Suspended sediment concentration (SSC) estimations through the ultraviolet wavelength atmospheric correction (UV-AC) algorithm and a tuned empirical inversion algorithm using extensive in situ measurements are presented. GOCI-processed remote sensing reflectance (Rrs) is validated using field data and is cross-validated with Landsat 8 Operational Land Imager (L8/OLI) measurements, respectively. The estimated SSC is validated with independent datasets. The validations reveal that GOCI-processed Rrs is reasonable and that the GOCI-retrieved SSC is accurate and can be used to quantify SSC distributions and variations in the Zhoushan Archipelago. The variations of the SSC in the study area are closely related to the temporal variations of the tidal level. High SSCs often occur in the middle of ebb or flood tides due to large tidal discharge and high tidal velocity. Significant hourly variations of the SSC are mainly controlled by tidal forces. Dynamic mechanism analysis indicates that during neap and middle tides, the local high SSC is mainly attributed to the sediment resuspension process driven by tidal currents; in addition, during the spring tide, the variations of the SSC are simultaneously modulated by sediment resuspension and horizontal advection processes.
An SOCP Estimator for Hybrid RSS and AOA Target Localization in Sensor Networks
Authors: Costa Marcelo Salgueiro , Tomic Slavisa , Beko Marko
Published: March 2021

This work addresses the problem of target localization in three-dimensional wireless sensor networks (WSNs). The proposed algorithm is based on a hybrid system that employs angle of arrival (AOA) and received signal strength (RSS) measurements, where the target’s transmit power is considered as an unknown parameter. Although both cases of a known and unknown target’s transmit power have been addressed in the literature, most of the existing approaches for unknown transmit power are either carried out recursively, or require a high computational cost. This results in an increased execution time of these algorithms, which we avoid in this work by proposing a single-iteration solution with moderate computational complexity. By exploiting the measurement models, a non-convex least squares (LS) estimator is derived first. Then, to tackle its nonconvexity, we resort to second-order cone programming (SOCP) relaxation techniques to transform the non-convex estimator into a convex one. Additionally, to make the estimator tighter, we exploit the angle between two vectors by using the definition of their inner product, which arises naturally from the derivation steps that are taken. The proposed method not only matches the performance of a computationally more complex state-of-the-art method, but it outperforms it for small N. This result is of a significant value in practice, since one desires to localize the target using the least number of anchor nodes as possible due to network costs.
Industry 4.0 Accelerating Sustainable Manufacturing in the COVID-19 Era: Assessing the Readiness and Responsiveness of Italian Regions
Authors: Lepore Dominique , Micozzi Alessandra , Spigarelli Francesca
Published: March 2021

An unpredictable shock hit the Italian economy in February 2020 when the spread of the COVID-19 virus began in Italy and other countries worldwide. In this context, Industry 4.0 (I4.0) technologies can be a fundamental tool for economic recovery by favouring the shift towards sustainable manufacturing. Therefore, it is necessary to measure the readiness of countries for I4.0 in order to guide policies in defining incentives to promote I4.0 and unlock its potential in the pandemic era. In this context, the paper aims to understand the readiness and responsiveness of the Italian Regions with respect to I4.0 concepts prior to the pandemic and identify best practices that are supporting companies in I4.0 adoption, with a focus on those incentivizing sustainable practices. An assessment framework before the pandemic is provided based on two dimensions: the readiness of firms to invest in I4.0 and favourable structural conditions. The assessment shows a group of alert regions as opposed to a group of unprepared, mostly linked Northern and Southern differences. Assuming that the “alert regions” are more likely to effectively manage and overcome the post- COVID-19 crisis, we provide a picture of how the Italian Regions have sought to encourage the adoption of digital technologies to improve resilience after the shock. The analysis shows that supporting measures mainly address Small and Medium-sized Enterprises. Furthermore, the tenders encouraging the adoption of I4.0 suggest that collaboration among stakeholders will become imperative.
An Investigation upon Industry 4.0 and Society 5.0 within the Context of Sustainable Development Goals
Authors: Zengin Yunus , Naktiyok Serkan , Kaygın Erdoğan , Kavak Onur , Topçuoğlu Ethem
Published: March 2021

In the literature, quite limited research exists on the subject of Society 5.0. The present study examined the existence of Society 5.0 and the effectiveness of Industry 4.0 and evaluated the efficiency of United Nations Development Goals (SDGs) in this process, especially in Turkey. The research was carried out based on data obtained through a survey form with 30 questions which was conducted with 335 academicians working at Kafkas University. The data were analyzed by means of exploratory factor analysis with the SPSS program, confirmatory factor analysis with AMOS, and structural equation modeling with Smart PLS. The analysis results indicated that SDG9, SDG10, SDG11, SDG12, SDG13, and SDG14 had a low influence (i.e., R2: 0.172) on the application of Industry 4.0 and Society 5.0. Moreover, it was observed that the participants were heavily affected by order of the day and gave responses to the questions with that impact. The study also revealed that Turkey did not have a leading philosophy in the field of Society 5.0 and Industry 4.0 and made progress by concentrating on out-dated processes.
Sustainable Economic Growth Support through Credit Transmission Channel and Financial Stability: In the Context of the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Teresienė Deimantė , Keliuotytė-Staniulėnienė Greta , Kanapickienė Rasa
Published: March 2021

All countries worldwide faced the COVID-19 pandemic and had to take actions to lower the economic shock. Financial authorities play an especially significant role in economics and can help to manage the negative consequences. This article focuses on the European central bank monetary policy and actions taken for COVID-19 risk management. This research aims to identify the significant factors influencing the long-term loans for enterprises’ credit conditions in a forward-looking approach and determine the impact of the spread of COVID-19 pandemic on banking sector credit risk, financial distress, lending growth, and financial soundness indicators. This research is focused on the credit transmission channel and the role of the Pandemic Emergency Purchase Program in different countries of the euro area. To reach the main goal, panel data regression models are used. Our findings showed that the banks’ risk tolerance is a principal factor influencing long-term loan credit standards. We also identified that the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic has a statistically significant negative effect on banking sector credit risk, financial distress, banking sector profitability, and solvency. Furthermore, after analyzing the euro area banking sector, we found that liquidity increased. Hence, it means that banks have enough funds to support sustainable economic growth, but on the other side, commercial banks do not want to take credit risk because of their risk tolerance. Our research findings show the mixed effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on financial stability: while the overall financial distress decreased and banking sector liquidity increased, the profitability and solvency decreased some extent.
A Framework of an Integrated Livestock Vehicle Trajectory Database Using Digital Tachograph Data
Authors: Jeong Heehyeon , Hong Jungyeol , Park Dongjoo
Published: March 2021

The outbreak of African swine fever virus has raised global concerns regarding epidemic livestock diseases. Therefore, various studies have attempted to prevent and monitor epidemic livestock diseases. Most of them have emphasized that integrated studies between the public health and transportation engineering are essential to prevent the livestock disease spread. However, it has been difficult to obtain big data related to the mobility of livestock-related vehicles. Thus, it is challenging to conduct research that comprehensively considers cargo vehicles’ movement carrying livestock and the spread of livestock infectious diseases. This study developed the framework for integrating the digital tachograph data (DTG) and trucks’ visit history of livestock facility data. The DTG data include commercial trucks’ coordinate information, but it excludes actual livestock-related vehicle trajectories such as freight types and facility visit history. Therefore, the integrated database we developed can be used as a significant resource for preventing the spread of livestock epidemics by pre-monitoring livestock transport vehicles’ movements. In future studies, epidemiological research on infectious diseases and livestock species will be able to conduct through the derived integrating database. Furthermore, the indicators of the spread of infectious diseases could be suggested based on both microscopic and macroscopic roadway networks to manage livestock epidemics.
A Hybrid MCDM Approach towards Resilient Sourcing
Authors: Mohammed Ahmed , Yazdani Morteza , Oukil Amar , Santibanez Gonzalez Ernesto D. R.
Published: March 2021

Achieving a supply chain that is resilient to potential unforeseen disruptions (e.g., strikes, floods, tsunamis, etc.) remains one of the vital concerns of decision makers (DMs). To build up a reactive supply chain plan towards resilience, the purchasing department needs to pay the strictest attention to sourcing decisions. This study contributes to the literature through developing an efficient resilient supplier selection approach based on a new holistic framework that enables the identification of key resilience pillars (RPs) and traditional business criteria (TBC) in light of a thorough literature review and experts’ opinions. To this end, the relative importance of TBC/RP was measured by applying the DEMATEL (D) method. This was followed by the application of MABAC-OCRA-TOPSIS-VIKOR (MOTV) methods to verify the suppliers’ ranking. Furthermore, the Spearman rank correlation coefficient (SRCC) approach was used to investigate the correlation among the suppliers’ ranking, revealed via the four methods. In this work, a real sourcing problem of scrap metal for a steel manufacturing company was solved to prove the applicability of the proposed approach. The research outcome revealed that the TBC of “trust” is the most important criterion, followed by the “cost”, leaving the “geographical location” criterion as the least important one. In this context, the RP of “flexibility” attained the highest relative weight compared to “agility”, which secured the lowest weight. The results also showed “absolute” correlation among MABAC, VIKOR, and OCRA compared to “very strong” correlation between TOPSIS and the others. This research can support supply chain managers to achieve supply chain systems that reduce not only sourcing costs, but also potential losses because of disrupting threats, by building resilient supply chains.
Implementation of a Stable Solar-Powered Microgrid Testbed for Remote Applications
Authors: Saberi Hossein , Nazaripouya Hamidreza , Mehraeen Shahab
Published: March 2021

An intrinsically stable microgrid, operated by inverter-interfaced distributed energy resources (I-DERs) is introduced in this paper. The microgrid is built upon a systematic design method, which is adapted from the operation of the synchronous machine (SM). The proposed method analogizes the dynamics of the dc-link in I-DERs to the rotor dynamics in synchronous generators (SGs) and utilizes the capacitor as energy storage. Thus, the proposed mechanism relaxes battery usage for frequency control, and by using the capacitive stored energy, provides a high fault ride-through capability, which is suitable for both on-grid and off-grid applications. Based on stability analysis of the SG and the dynamic state matrix eigenvalues for multimachine power system, the dc-link capacitor of I-DERs is characterized in the context of microgrid. The dc-link capacitor stores kinetic energy similar to the rotor of the SG and provides inertia in transients without the need of battery storage. The inverter angle responds to the change of the dc link voltage (energy). The dc-link voltage is then controlled similar to the field control pertaining to the SG. Finally, a governor-like mechanism is applied to maintain dc-link voltage stability. Simulation and experimental results are provided to show the effectiveness of the proposed design mechanisms.
Use of Microsimulation Traffic Models as Means for Ensuring Public Transport Sustainability and Accessibility
Authors: Krivda Vladislav , Petru Jan , Macha David , Novak Jakub
Published: March 2021

This article deals with the issue of a partial problem in the sustainability and availability of public transport using the example of a specific transit node. In every public transport network, it is the transit nodes that can be a threat to the entire transport system in case of a bad design. The article presents a microsimulation traffic model of a transit node, which was created in the PTV VISSIM/VISWALK program. This model was tested by various traffic loads (i.e., normal loads, loads taking into account the extension of the tram network and loads at extraordinary sports or cultural events). As part of the evaluation of the monitored node, the movement of passengers on pedestrian areas, escalators and staircases was analysed. The obtained results demonstrate the importance of monitoring, for example, the Level of Service, average travel times and pedestrian speeds and other parameters, to ensure the functionality of this construction. The use of traffic models can be crucial, as they can be an invaluable aid and a suitable tool in finding the optimal transport solution that respects the requirements for sustainable and accessible public transport.
The Effect of Leadership Styles and Initiative Behaviors of School Principals on Teacher Motivation
Authors: Yalçınkaya Servet , Dağlı Gökmen , Altınay Fahriye , Altınay Zehra , Kalkan Ümit
Published: March 2021

This study aims to investigate the effect of school administrators’ personal initiative behaviors and their leadership styles on teacher motivation. In this study, designed with a quantitative research approach, the relational scanning model was used, and a model was created to test the effect of school administrators’ leadership styles and personal initiative behaviors on teacher motivation. In this context, the leadership styles of school administrators and their personal initiative behaviors were studied as independent variables, while teacher motivation was studied as a dependent variable. In the study, 406 teachers working in high schools in Manisa city center were selected using the purposeful sampling method. Pearson moment correlation techniques and multiple regression analysis techniques were used to determine whether there was a significant relationship between dependent and independent variables during the data analysis. According to the results obtained from the research findings, it was observed that the general motivation levels of the teachers were high. In the analyses conducted in terms of the relationships between school administrators’ personal initiative-taking behaviors and teachers’ motivation, it was found that these variables had a significant and positive relationship; similarly, it was determined that there is a significant relationship between the leadership styles of school administrators and the motivation of teachers. In the regression model established to examine the effect of the leadership styles of school administrators on the internal factor dimensions of teacher motivation, it was determined that all sub-dimensions of leadership styles predicted teachers’ internal motivation. This research provides evidence that school administrators’ personal initiative behavior is directly related to teacher motivation and positively affects teacher motivation, thereby affecting the quality of their teaching.
Investigation into the Cause of Iron-Related Clogging of Groundwater Bores Used for Viticulture in the Limestone Coast, South Australia
Authors: Moser Birte , Beknazarova Meruyert , Whiley Harriet , Keerthirathne Thilini Piushani , Harrington Nikki , DeGaris Kerry , Wallis Ilka
Published: March 2021

Iron-related clogging of boreholes, pumps and dripper lines is a significant and costly problem for irrigators worldwide. The primary cause of iron-related clogging is still debated. Previous studies have described complex interactions between biological clogging and inorganic iron/manganese oxide precipitation. This case study examined groundwater bores used for viticulture irrigation in the Limestone Coast region, a highly productive wine growing area in the SE of South Australia. Iron clogging of bore screens, pumps and dripper systems has been a persistent problem in the region and the issue is perceived to be growing, with irrigators suggesting the widespread introduction of iron-related bacteria (IRB) through drilling equipment to be the root cause of the problem. Analysis of the groundwater microbiology and inorganic chemistry found no apparent correlation between the presence of IRB and the clogging status of wells. In fact, IRB proved to be widespread throughout the limestone aquifer. However, a clear correlation could be found between clogging affected bores and the redox potential of the groundwater with the most severely affected bores strongly oversaturated in respect to iron oxide minerals. Elevated dissolved concentrations of Fe(II) thereby tended to be found in deeper bores, which also were generally more recently drilled. Following decades of less than average rainfall, a tendency to deepen bores in response to widespread declines in water levels has been documented for the SE of South Australia. The gradually widening clogging problem in the region is postulated to be related to the changes in climate in the region, with irrigators increasingly driven to rely on deeper, anoxic iron-rich groundwater resources.
Scientific path of Viktor Borisovich Sochava and his contributions for landscape analysis
Authors: Snytko Valerian A. , Sobisevich Alexey V.
Published: March 2021

This paper is dedicated to the life of the Soviet geographer Viktor Borisovich Sochava (1905-1978), who contributed substantially to the geosystemic theory formation in the field of knowledge of Geography, Ecology, and Geosciences in general. The paper covers his academic trajectory and scientific production, pointing out V. Sochava’s main research and contributions for landscape analysis and evolution and development of these disciplines in theoretical and applied sciences. The main results of V. Sochava’s research are also presented throughout the text.
Understanding the impact of professional motivation on the workforce crisis in medicine: a rapid review
Authors: Andah Efioanwan , Essang Blessing , Friend Charlotte , Greenley Sarah , Harvey Kathryn , Spears Maria , Reeve Joanne
Published: March 2021

Background

The NHS is facing a workforce crisis. Responses to date have focused on improving recruitment of staff, but less attention has been paid to retention.

Aim

To conduct a rapid review using Rosabeth Moss Kanter’s three Ms model of workforce motivation as a sensitising framework to examine the current medical workforce crisis. The work considers how insights from research in other professions offers new thinking for understanding what motivates doctors to continue working.

Design & setting

Rapid literature review with secondary analysis of existing research examining reasons for leaving medicine.

Method

A systematic search strategy was developed with the aid of an information specialist. The search terms used were: medical professionals, retention, and NHS. The exclusions were: commentaries, non-medical professionals, non-English language, and it was limited to post-1990. The search was applied to three electronic databases, MEDLINE, Embase, and Healthcare Management Information Consortium (HMIC). This produced a dataset describing study design, and factors related to motivation for leaving the medical profession. Comparative thematic analysis distilled core themes explaining the reasons for leaving and their relation to the three Ms model.

Results

Of 3389 abstracts identified, screening and assessment produced 82 articles included in the final analysis. Thematic analysis identified four key themes: low morale, disconnect, unmanageable change, and lack of personal and professional support. The themes of mastery, membership, and meaning were substantially present within the dataset.

Conclusion

Kanter's three Ms model of motivation can be applied to the medical workforce to understand retention issues. This work supports the development of targeted solutions to tackle the worsening workforce crisis.
Supporting bereavement and complicated grief in primary care: a realist review
Authors: Pearce Caroline , Wong Geoff , Kuhn Isla , Barclay Stephen
Published: March 2021

Background

Bereavement can have significant impacts on physical and mental health, and a minority of people experience complicated and prolonged grief responses. Primary care is ideally situated to offer bereavement care, yet UK provision remains variable and practitioners feel uncertain how best to support bereaved patients.

Aim

To identify what works, how, and for whom, in the management of complicated grief (CG) in primary care.

Design & setting

A review of evidence on the management of CG and bereavement in UK primary care settings.

Method

A realist approach was taken that aims to provide causal explanations through the generation and articulation of contexts, mechanisms, and outcomes.

Results

Forty-two articles were included. Evidence on the primary care management of complicated or prolonged grief was limited. GPs and nurses view bereavement support as part of their role, yet experience uncertainty over the appropriate extent of their involvement. Patients and clinicians often have differing views on the role of primary care in bereavement. Training in bereavement, local systems for reporting deaths, practitioner time, and resources can assist or hinder bereavement care provision. Practitioners find bereavement care can be emotionally challenging. Understanding patients’ needs can encourage a proactive response and help identify appropriate support.

Conclusion

Bereavement care in primary care remains variable and practitioners feel unprepared to provide appropriate bereavement care. Patients at higher risk of complicated or prolonged grief may fail to receive the support they need from primary care. Further research is required to address the potential unmet needs of bereaved patients.
Pengaruh Kepuasan Kerja dan Loyalitas Karyawan terhadap Kinerja Karyawan Foods Manufacture
Authors: Sausan Nabilla Salsabil , Nasution Amrin Mulia Utama , Sabrina Hesti
Published: March 2021

This study aims to determine how the effect of job satisfaction and employee loyalty on the performance of employees of PT. Asia Sakti Wahid Foods Manufacture Medan. The research sample is employees at PT. Asia Sakti Wahid Foods Manufacture Medan. This type of research is associative research, where variables are measured on a Likert scale. Data collection method is done by interview and questionnaire. In this study the sample used was 65 respondents. Data processing using SPSS 22.0. With descriptive analysis and hypothesis testing multiple linear regression analysis. The results showed that there was a positive and significant effect on job satisfaction on the performance of employees of PT. Asia Sakti Wahid Foods Manufacture Medan. In the variable employee loyalty shows that there is a positive and significant effect on the performance of employees of PT. Asia Sakti Wahid Foods Manufacture Medan.
Tokoh Mitologi dalam Mantra Nyangahatn Ka’ Saka’ Panen Padi Etnis Dayak di Kalimantan Barat
Authors: Herlina Herlina , Kusnita Sri , Hariadi Try
Published: March 2021

The mythological figure referred to in this study is related to a figure who is considered holy and is considered to have the power to help even bring disaster to humans. The mention of a mythological figure when reciting the mantra Nyangahatn Ka 'Saka' rice harvest for the Dayak ethnic group in West Kalimantan is always mentioned repeatedly in every rice harvest mantra, both in the pre-ritual, ritual and post-ritual mantra. The mention of mythological figures is intended to communicate so that they can bring help to humans during the process of carrying out the rice harvest ritual. This study aims to describe the mythological figures during the chanting of the Dayak ethnic rice harvest ceremony in West Kalimantan. Using the form of descriptive qualitative research using the method of recording and recording during the process of reciting the mantra of the rice harvest ceremony. The results of this study indicate that in the recitation of the rice harvest mantra, there is mention of mythological figures in the mention of the name Jubata, Bujakng Baparas and the use of the pronoun Kalian to refer to supernatural beings. The mention of the name Jubata refers to everything that can bring goodness to mankind. The mention of Bujakng Baparas refers to supernatural beings who can help and bring disaster to humans, can also act as an intermediary for human communication with supernatural beings around human life, while the use of the pronoun Anda refers to other supernatural beings believed to inhabit water and land areas and are believed to be able to bring help and disaster.
Modos de escucha, imaginarios nacionales y políticas culturales: trayectorias de la investigación musical en Puerto Rico y desafíos ante las políticas del neoliberalismo colonial
Authors: Quintero Rivera Mareia
Published: March 2021

En menos de un lustro, Puerto Rico ha vivido un conjunto de experiencias sociales que han exacerbado las paradojas y contradicciones de lo que ha sido el modelo de desarrollo del país, anclado en nuestra centenaria subordinación colonial a los Estados Unidos. ¿Cuál ha sido el devenir de la investigación musical en tiempos de capitalismo del desastre y de acentuadas políticas de austeridad? Para acercarnos a responder dicha pregunta, este artículo propone una mirada histórica a los escritos e investigaciones sobre música en vínculo con sus contextos de enunciación. ¿De qué modos han sido escuchadas las prácticas musicales populares por parte del Estado y de la intelectualidad letrada y qué rol han jugado las narrativas sobre la música en los debates socioculturales y políticos del país? ¿Qué incidencias han tenido estos modos de escucha en el desarrollo de las políticas culturales y educativas? ¿Cuál ha sido el papel de los propios músicos en la producción de conocimientos sobre las prácticas y tradiciones musicales, así como en la configuración de esquemas valorativos en torno a éstas? ¿Cómo la coyuntura actual está transformando los modos de escucha y qué nuevos acercamientos a la producción de saberes musicales se perfilan en el horizonte?
Pre-irradiation grafting of acrylic acid and sodium styrene sulfonate on non-woven polyethylene fabric for heavy metal removal
Authors: Rahman Nazia , Imran Biswas Md. , Kabir Mahbub , Chandra Dafader Nirmal , Sultana Shahnaz , Nabul Sardar Md. , Tasneem Ahmed Farah , Halim Abdul
Published: March 2021

In present study acrylic acid (AAc) and sodium styrene sulfonate (SSS) were grafted onto non-woven polyethylene fabric using pre-irradiation method and the grafted adsorbent is employed for Cr(III) and Pb(II) adsorption. After irradiation of the non-woven polyethylene fabrics with 50 kGy radiation dose the grafting reaction was carried out at 80º C with monomer solution consisted of 30% AAc, 10% SSS and 4% NaCl in water. A high graft yield of 270% was achieved. Fourier Transform Infrared, Scanning Electron Microscopy and Thermo-gravimetric Analysis were used to analyze the adsorbent. Pb (II) and Cr (III) adsorption from synthetic aqueous solution was attempted by the grafted adsorbent. Adsorption study was accomplished by changing the contact time, pH and initial metal ion concentration. Contact time 48 h and initial metal concentration 1000 ppm were found optimum for all the metal ions studied. pH 6.2 and 5 was observed best for Pb (II) and Cr(III) adsorption respectively. Kinetic adsorption data fitted better with pseudo-second-order equation than pseudo-first-order. Good correlation of experimental data with Langmuir isotherm model suggested monolayer adsorption. Langmuir equation showed that the maximum adsorption capacity for Pb (II) was 38.46 mg g-1 and Cr (III) was 111.11 mg g-1. Experiment on desorption of metal ions and reuse of the adsorbent depicted good results. Adsorbent also showed efficient adsorption of Cr(III) from real waste water. From all the findings it can be expected that the AAc-SSS grafted PE fabric can successfully eliminate Cr(III) and Pb(II) from industrial waste water.
Investigation of electricity generation performance of grape marc in membrane-less microbial fuel cell
Authors: Taşkan Banu
Published: March 2021

Grapes are among the most widely grown fruits globally, with a third of the overall production used in winemaking. Both red and white winemaking processes generate significant amounts of solid organic waste such as grape marc that requires proper disposal. Grape marc, a natural plant product containing abundantly lignocellulosic compounds, is a promising raw material for production of renewable energy. In this study, the grape marc was used as an anode nutrient in the membrane-less microbial fuel cell (ML-MFC) system, and the electricity generation capacity of the grape marc as an environmentally friendly energy source was investigated in detail. The maximum power density produced in the ML-MFC reactor was determined as 274.9 mW m-2, and the total internal resistance was 309.5 Ω. Cyclic voltammetry results showed the presence of electroactive microorganisms on the surface of the anode electrode provided a high biological activity. The presence of elliptical and round-shaped microorganisms on the anode electrode surface was observed. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) analyzes have shown that grape marc supports bacterial growth on the electrode surface.
HIGH-PERFORMANCE METHOD OF PRODUCTION OF POWDER FRICTIONAL PRODUCTS ON FE-BASIS WITH HIGH TECHNOLOGICAL AND OPERATIONAL PROPERTIES
Authors: Krykhtin Yu. I. , Karlov V. I.
Published: March 2021

Physical and technological bases of DHP-PFM method for production of dry friction powder friction articles on Fe-base with high technological and operational indices for a wide range of practical use have been developed. The DHP-PFM method is that the dynamic hot pressing (DHP) provides production of the new powder frictional materials (PFM) through an underlayer from carbonyl iron between frictional material and a basis (framework) with electroplated nickel coating. Friction lining compaction is made of charge of ФМК-79 type and has high hardness and low porosity. Processes of the choice of composition of furnace charge, formation of structure and properties of new powder frictional materials on Fe-to a basis are investigated. The method is characterized by high productivity, energy saving, simplified technology and provides the possibility to use existing technological equipment for making structural powder products. Method of DHP-PFM manufacturing of dry friction powder friction linings can be used for manufacturing of friction units of transmissions of light track machines with high specific power. The friction material received by this method from furnace charge of FMK-79 type can be used as unified for such frictional units as the main friction clutch, an onboard friction clutch, tape and disk brakes.
THE ROLE OF MASS-TRANSFER IN THE MATERIALS SURFACE LAYER STRUCTURING UNDER EXTREME HEATING
Authors: Brover A. V.
Published: March 2021

Possible causes of mass transfer acceleration of carbon atoms and alloying elements in the surface layers of steels and alloys under extreme heating, under pulsing laser irradiation in particular, are considered. The research shows that the anomaly accelerated mass transfer, including diffusion in particular, in steels and alloys under fast laser heating has a cooperative character and is a result of a simultaneous action of several processes of different physics. It is proved that the carbon atoms mass transfer parameters and alloying elements depend on the scale and the level of emerging tension, relaxation of which goes along with a local plastic deformation, and occurrence of increased number of linear defects in crystal structure. Experimental and theoretical studies have found that with the temperature of the laser heating lowered along the depth of the irradiated areas the mechanism of mass transfer will change as follows: atoms move in the fused spot area under the influence of Marangoni effect; a contact melting and liquid-phase diffusion occur at the boundaries with the solid matrix; Soret diffusion under the action of local plastic deformation also occur; atoms move along the irradiated zone in an atoms "drift" mechanism within the area of moving dislocations.
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE INFLUENCE OF THE COMPOSITION OF THE ALLOYING COVERING ON THE CHANGE IN THE STRUCTURE AND MICROHARDNESS OF STAINLESS STEEL 12KH18N10T
Authors: Proskuryakov V. I. , Rodionov I. V.
Published: March 2021

The article is devoted to the experimental analysis of the influence of the process of laser pulsed alloying in a layer of alloying mixture on the qualitative and physical and mechanical characteristics of the modified surface of stainless chromium-nickel steel of the austenitic class 12Cr18Ni10T. It was found that the use of graphite paste as an alloying compound leads to a significant increase in microhardness, a change in micromorphology, and the formation of a heat hardening zone in the near-surface layer of steel. The smoothing of the boundaries of structural changes is revealed and the effect of surface hardening is determined when a finely dispersed powder of titanium dioxide (anatase) is added to the alloying coating. According to the data obtained, a comparative analysis of the dependence of the microhardness of the modified surface on the voltage of the pump lamp and the diameter of the laser pulse spot is carried out. The maximum microhardness value, equal to 9,56 GPa, was achieved as a result of laser processing of a series of samples, where graphite paste was applied as a preliminary surface preparation. Rational technological modes of laser modification of the surface of 12Cr18Ni10T steel that have previously undergone abrasive blasting, modes of laser pulsed alloying in a layer of graphite coating and laser pulsed alloying of steel in a layer of coating consisting of graphite paste and anatase powder in a ratio of 4:1, respectively, are recommended.
KAJIAN PERKEMBANGAN TEKNOLOGI BERDASARKAN PENDIDIKAN AGAMA KRISTEN
Authors: Maranatha Sitorus Merinda , Melkias Boiliu Fredik
Published: March 2021

ABSTRAK

Artikel ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis perkembangan teknologi di era disrupsi 4.0 dan persiapan menuju 5.0 mengikuti iman Kristen. Teknologi sudah ada sejak manusia diciptakan menurut gambar dan rupa Tuhan (Imago Dei) Kejadian 1: 27-28, dimana Dia memerintahkan mereka untuk mengembangkan teknologi dan campur tangan dalam menentukan dimensi ruang di kapal, bahkan bahannya. Dalam hal ini, keterlibatan Tuhan dalam menciptakan teknologi menunjukkan bahwa itu dimaksudkan untuk digunakan untuk keselamatan manusia dan memuliakan Tuhan. Sebagai manusia pertama, Adam diperintahkan untuk merawat hewan lain yang diciptakan Tuhan, dan ini telah menjadi proyek tidak langsung yang diberikan kepada manusia hingga saat ini. Tuhan melengkapi manusia dengan akal; Oleh karena itu, melalui pemikiran inilah mereka dengan cepat mengembangkan teknologi sesuai dengan perkembangan zaman dan peradaban yang saat ini berada di era disrupsi 4.0 dan menuju generasi 5.0 dimana manusia menciptakan teknologi dengan cepat dan canggih. Pendidikan Kristen dianalisa terhadap perkembangan teknologi untuk memahami manusia bahwa semua teknologi yang canggih berasal dari Tuhan karena Dialah Arsitek. Metode yang digunakan dalam penulisan ini adalah studi pustaka dan studi pustaka
Sistem Penerimaan Siswa Baru Berbasis Web Dalam Meningkatkan Mutu Siswa Di Era Pandemi
Authors: Nasser Asep Aziz , Arifudin Opan , Barlian Ujang Cepi , Sauri Sofyan
Published: March 2021

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk memperoleh gambaran tentang Sistem perekrutan siswa baru untuk meningkatkan mutu siswa.  Penelitian sistem penerimaan siswa baru berbasis web ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif yakni metode penelitian yang digunakan untuk meneliti pada kondisi obyek yang alamiah dimana peneliti adalah sebagai instrumen kunci. Hasil penelitian ini menujukkan bahwa perencanaan system perekrutan siswa baru sudah sesuai dengan standar dilihat dari terlaksananya indicator memperhatikan daya tampung dan besarnya kelas (class size), adanya kriteria calon siswa, adanya penerapan sistem yang objektif, transparan dan akuntabel dan adanya prosedur baku yang diterapkan dalam PSB. Pengorganisasian penerimaan siswa baru kriteria penerimaan dan sistem seleksi, dilakukannya pembuatan, pemasangan dan pengiriman pengumuman siswa baru, dilakukannya pendaftraan siswa baru, dilakukannya proses seleksi siswa baru, penentuan siswa baru yang diterima, pengumuman siswa baru yang diterima, dan dilakukannya registrasi/daftar ulang bagi siswa baru yang diterima. Pengarahan system perekrutan siswa baru dengan indikator berbagai jalur seleksi penerimaan siswa baru, masuk dalam kategori standar karena menerapkan tiga jalur seleksi dalam penerimaan siswa baru yaitu jalur regular, jalur prestasi dan jalur lingkungan. Sedangkan untuk indikator pelaksanaan masa orientasi siswa masuk dalam kategori standar. Pengendalian perekrutan siswa baru terlihat dari terlaksananya indikator monitoring dan evaluasi. Monitoring dan evaluasi baru dilakukan oleh kepala sekolah, sedangkan monitoring dan evaluasi oleh komite sekolah.
Metaphorical Analysis of Discourse on Early Saudi Attempts to Include Women in Unconventional Work Environments
Authors: Maghlouth Shrouq Al
Published: March 2021

Objective - This paper examines empirically the discourse on social change as represented in gender-related posts on English blogs written by Saudi bloggers. Slightly more than a decade ago, Saudi women were allowed and encouraged by the government to work in unconventional work environments (outside the fields of education and health care); this stirred controversy across the country.
Methodology/Technique – This analysis is based on an understanding of discourse as both shaping and being shaped by social and cognitive contexts. In so doing, it approaches the data from a socio-cognitive perspective with a focus on the mental models underlying the discursive representations at hand. The adopted methodology is based on metaphor analysis due to the inherently cognitive nature of metaphors. Consequently, an eclectic approach combining insights from conceptual metaphor theory and critical theory analysis is used.
Finding – Data analysis reveals two main findings. First, change is constructed cognitively as challenging and demanding for both women aspiring to work in unconventional professions and their supporters on authoritative and non-authoritative levels. This, however, clashes with the second finding, as in these blogs women are metaphorically constructed in an objectifying and victimizing manner.
Novelty – Such a mismatch calls for a careful examination of some gender constraining cognitive constructions as they are, surprisingly, constructed and reproduced even within discourse attempting to empower women.

Type of Paper: Empirical.
JEL Classification: M14, Q56

Keywords: Social Change; Critical Discourse Analysis; Women’s Empowerment; Metaphor Analysis

Reference to this paper should be made as follows: Maghlouth, S.A. (2021). Metaphorical Analysis of Discourse on Early Saudi Attempts to Include Women in Unconventional Work Environments, GATR Global J. Bus. Soc. Sci. Review, 9(1): 01 – 09. https://doi.org/10.35609/gjbssr.2021.9.1(1)
A Geospatial Morphometric Analysis of Kulbera and Daurighara River Basins in Western Part of Purulia District of West Bengal, India
Authors:   Department, of Geography Vivekananda Mahavidyalaya, Burdwan, West Bengal, India., Mura* Dr. Shambhu Nath Sing
Published: March 2021

Morphometric analysis is used to understand the hydrological process and assessment of hydrological characteristics of surface water basin. In the present paper, an attempt has been made to study the detail morphometric characteristics of Kulbera and Daurighara river basin, which are tributaries of Subarnarekha River in Purulia district, West Bengal. For detailed study, SRTM data has been used for preparing digital elevation model (DEM), and Geographic Information System (GIS) has been used for the analysis of linear, areal, and relief aspects of the basins. Watershed boundary, flow accumulation, flow length, stream ordering have been prepared by using ILWIS 3.0. Different thematic maps i.e. elevation, geology, drainage density, slope and longitudinal profiles of river channels have been prepared by using QGIS 3.0 and MapInfo 10.0 GIS software. More than 58 morphometric parameters of all aspects of the basins have been computed. On the basis of morphometric analysis it has been argued that the erosional development has progressed well beyond maturity and that the drainage development is controlled by lithology. Besides,it can be concluded that this study will also be very useful for rain water harvesting planning and watershed management.
Production, Measurement and Applications of Vacuum Systems
Authors:   Principal, Daudnagar College (A constituent unit of Magadh university, Bodh Gaya), Aurangabad, Bihar, 824113, India, Shrivastava* Shailaj Kumar , Shrivastava Chandan ,   Undergraduate student, Computer Science Engineering (CSE), International Institute of Information Technology, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500032, India.
Published: March 2021

The most common type of vacuum pumps and measuring gauges based on available literature are studied with emphasis on how new research and development will enable the new generation of vacuum technology specially in designing, its operational procedure and applications. The technologies were developed to meet the operational goal which include vacuum chamber structures, compatible materials, specialized vacuum pump and gauges. There are many areas where different vacuum condition is required for conducting experiments therefore modeling of pumping system is on demand. The basic understanding of how and when the particular pumping and measurement system can be applied most effectively and economically is essential. The poor choice of pumping and measurement system will interfere the scientific objectives and may leads to substantial maintenance demands and an unpleasant working environment. The development and fundamental investigation of innovative vacuum techniques for creation and measurement of vacuum used for various applications necessary for the research work to be done in future are presented.