bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparative Cytotoxicity Study of PM2.5 and TSP Collected from Urban Areas
Authors: Shim Ilseob , Kim Woong , Kim Haewon , Lim Yeon-Mi , Shin Hyejung , Park Kwang Su , Yu Seok Min , Kim Young Hee , Sung Hwa Kyung , Eom Ig-Chun , Kim Pilje , Yu Seung-Do
Published: July 2021

Ambient particulate matter 2.5 (PM2.5) and total suspended particles (TSPs) are common airborne pollutants that cause respiratory and cardiovascular diseases. We investigated the differences of cytotoxicity and mechanism between PM2.5 and TSP activity in human alveolar epithelial A549 cells. Atmospheric samples from the central district of Seoul were collected and their chemical compositions were analyzed by inductively-coupled plasma mass spectrometry and ion chromatography. PM2.5 and TSP contained high concentrations of heavy metals (Cu, Fe, Zn, and Pb). The most abundant ions in PM2.5 were SO42−, NH4+, and NO3−. A549 cells were exposed to PM2.5 and TSP (25–200 µg/mL) for 24 h. TSP was more cytotoxic than PM2.5 per unit mass. PM2.5 induced oxidative stress, as evidenced by increased levels of a glutamate-cysteine ligase modifier, whereas low-concentration TSP increased hemeoxygenase-1 levels. PM2.5 and TSP did not affect c-Jun N-terminal kinase expression. The levels of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) in PM2.5- and TSP-treated cells decreased significantly in the cytosol and increased in the nucleus. Thus, Nrf2 may be a key transcription factor for detoxifying environmental airborne particles in A549 cells. TSP and PM2.5 could activate the protective Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1/Nrf2 pathway in A549 cells.
Towards an Algorithm-Based Tailored Treatment of Acute Neonatal Hyperammonemia
Authors: Eloot Sunny , De Rudder Jonathan , Verloo Patrick , Dhont Evelyn , Raes Ann , Van Biesen Wim , Snauwaert Evelien
Published: July 2021

Acute neonatal hyperammonemia is associated with poor neurological outcomes and high mortality. We developed, based on kinetic modeling, a user-friendly and widely applicable algorithm to tailor the treatment of acute neonatal hyperammonemia. A single compartmental model was calibrated assuming a distribution volume equal to the patient’s total body water (V), as calculated using Wells’ formula, and dialyzer clearance as derived from the measured ammonia time–concentration curves during 11 dialysis sessions in four patients (3.2 ± 0.4 kg). Based on these kinetic simulations, dialysis protocols could be derived for clinical use with different body weights, start concentrations, dialysis machines/dialyzers and dialysis settings (e.g., blood flow QB). By a single measurement of ammonia concentration at the dialyzer inlet and outlet, dialyzer clearance (K) can be calculated as K = QB∙[(Cinlet − Coutlet)/Cinlet]. The time (T) needed to decrease the ammonia concentration from a predialysis start concentration Cstart to a desired target concentration Ctarget is then equal to T = (−V/K)∙LN(Ctarget/Cstart). By implementing these formulae in a simple spreadsheet, medical staff can draw an institution-specific flowchart for patient-tailored treatment of hyperammonemia.
Helicobacter pylori BabA–SabA Key Roles in the Adherence Phase: The Synergic Mechanism for Successful Colonization and Disease Development
Authors: Doohan Dalla , Rezkitha Yudith Annisa Ayu , Waskito Langgeng Agung , Yamaoka Yoshio , Miftahussurur Muhammad
Published: July 2021

Helicobacter pylori is a pathogenic microorganism that successfully inhabits the human stomach, colonizing it by producing several virulence factors responsible for preventing host self-defense mechanisms. The adherence mechanism to gastric mucosal tissue is one of the most important processes for effective colonization in the stomach. The blood group antigen-binding adhesion (BabA) and sialic acid-binding adherence (SabA) are two H. pylori outer membrane proteins able to interact with antigens in the gastroduodenal tract. H. pylori possesses several mechanisms to control the regulation of both BabA and SabA in either the transcriptional or translational level. BabA is believed to be the most important protein in the early infection phase due to its ability to interact with various Lewis antigens, whereas SabA interaction with sialylated Lewis antigens may prove important for the adherence process in the inflamed gastric mucosal tissue in the ongoing-infection phase. The adherence mechanisms of BabA and SabA allow H. pylori to anchor in the gastric mucosa and begin the colonization process.
Effect of Popcorn (Zea mays var. everta) Popping Mode (Microwave, Hot Oil, and Hot Air) on Fumonisins and Deoxynivalenol Contamination Levels
Authors: Schambri Pierre , Brunet Sophie , Bailly Jean-Denis , Kleiber Didier , Levasseur-Garcia Cecile
Published: July 2021

Mycotoxins are secondary metabolites that are produced by molds during their development. According to fungal physiological particularities, mycotoxins can contaminate crops before harvest or during storage. Among toxins that represent a real public health issue, those produced by Fusarium genus in cereals before harvest are of great importance since they are the most frequent in European productions. Among them, deoxynivalenol (DON) and fumonisins (FUM) frequently contaminate maize. In recent years, numerous studies have investigated whether food processing techniques can be exploited to reduce the levels of these two mycotoxins, which would allow the identification and quantification of parameters affecting mycotoxin stability. The particularity of the popcorn process is that it associates heat treatment with a particular physical phenomenon (i.e., expansion). Three methods exist to implement the popcorn transformation process: hot air, hot oil, and microwaves, all of which are tested in this study. The results show that all popping modes significantly reduce FUM contents in both Mushroom and Butterfly types of popcorn. The mean initial contamination of 1351 µg/kg was reduced by 91% on average after popping. For DON, the reduction was less important despite a lower initial contamination than for FUM (560 µg/kg). Only the hot oil popping for the Mushroom type significantly reduced the contamination up to 78% compared to unpopped controls. Hot oil popping appears to provide the most important reduction for the two considered mycotoxins for both types of popcorn (−98% and −58% average reduction for FUM and DON, respectively).
Human Coronaviruses Do Not Transfer Efficiently between Surfaces in the Absence of Organic Materials
Authors: Dallner Matthew , Harlow Jennifer , Nasheri Neda
Published: July 2021

Human coronaviruses, including SARS-CoV-2, are known to spread mainly via close contact and respiratory droplets. However, other potential means of transmission may be present. Fomite-mediated transmission occurs when viruses are deposited onto a surface and then transfer to a subsequent individual. Surfaces can become contaminated directly from respiratory droplets or from a contaminated hand. Due to mask mandates in many countries around the world, the former is less likely. Hands can become contaminated if respiratory droplets are deposited on them (i.e., coughing or sneezing) or through contact with fecal material where human coronaviruses (HCoVs) can be shed. The focus of this paper is on whether human coronaviruses can transfer efficiently from contaminated hands to food or food contact surfaces. The surfaces chosen were: stainless steel, plastic, cucumber and apple. Transfer was first tested with cellular maintenance media and three viruses: two human coronaviruses, 229E and OC43, and murine norovirus-1, as a surrogate for human norovirus. There was no transfer for either of the human coronaviruses to any of the surfaces. Murine norovirus-1 did transfer to stainless steel, cucumber and apple, with transfer efficiencies of 9.19%, 5.95% and 0.329%, respectively. Human coronavirus OC43 transfer was then tested in the presence of fecal material, and transfer was observed for stainless steel (0.52%), cucumber (19.82%) and apple (15.51%) but not plastic. This study indicates that human coronaviruses do not transfer effectively from contaminated hands to contact surfaces without the presence of fecal material.
Do Dogs and Cats Passively Carry SARS-CoV-2 on Hair and Pads?
Authors: Lauzi Stefania , Stranieri Angelica , Giordano Alessia , Lelli Davide , Elia Gabriella , Desario Costantina , Ratti Gabriele , Decaro Nicola , Paltrinieri Saverio
Published: July 2021

The epidemiological role of domestic animals in the spread and transmission of SARS-CoV-2 to humans has been investigated in recent reports, but some aspects need to be further clarified. To date, only in rare cases have dogs and cats living with COVID-19 patients been found to harbour SARS-CoV-2, with no evidence of pet-to-human transmission. The aim of the present study was to verify whether dogs and cats act as passive mechanical carriers of SARS-CoV-2 when they live in close contact with COVID-19 patients. Cutaneous and interdigital swabs collected from 48 dogs and 15 cats owned by COVID-19 patients were tested for SARS-CoV-2 by qRT-PCR. The time elapsed between owner swab positivity and sample collection from pets ranged from 1 to 72 days, with a median time of 23 days for dogs and 39 days for cats. All samples tested negative, suggesting that pets do not passively carry SARS-CoV-2 on their hair and pads, and thus they likely do not play an important role in the virus transmission to humans. This data may contribute to confirming that the direct contact with the hair and pads of pets does not represent a route for the transmission of SARS-CoV-2.
Targeting the Regulatory Subunit R2Alpha of Protein Kinase A in Human Glioblastoma through shRNA-Expressing Lentiviral Vectors
Authors: Zorzan Maira , Del Vecchio Claudia , Vogiatzis Stefania , Saccon Elisa , Parolin Cristina , Palù Giorgio , Calistri Arianna , Mucignat-Caretta Carla
Published: July 2021

Glioblastoma is the most malignant and most common form of brain tumor, still today associated with a poor 14-months median survival from diagnosis. Protein kinase A, particularly its regulatory subunit R2Alpha, presents a typical intracellular distribution in glioblastoma cells compared to the healthy brain parenchyma and this peculiarity might be exploited in a therapeutic setting. In the present study, a third-generation lentiviral system for delivery of shRNA targeting the regulatory subunit R2Alpha of protein kinase A was developed. Generated lentiviral vectors are able to induce an efficient and stable downregulation of R2Alpha in different cellular models, including non-stem and stem-like glioblastoma cells. In addition, our data suggest a potential correlation between silencing of the regulatory subunit of protein kinase A and reduced viability of tumor cells, apparently due to a reduction in replication rate. Thus, our findings support the role of protein kinase A as a promising target for novel anti-glioma therapies.
Integrating Health Behavior Theories to Predict COVID-19 Vaccine Acceptance: Differences between Medical Students and Nursing Students
Authors: Rosental Hila , Shmueli Liora
Published: July 2021

Background: This study aimed to explore behavioral-related factors predicting the intention of getting a COVID-19 vaccine among medical and nursing students using an integrative model combining the Health Belief Model (HBM) and the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB). Methods: A cross-sectional online survey was conducted among medical and nursing students aged > 18 years in their clinical years in Israel between 27 August and 28 September 2020. Hierarchical logistic regression was used to predict acceptance of a COVID-19 vaccine. Results: A total number of 628 participants completed the survey. Medical students expressed higher intentions of getting vaccinated against COVID-19 than nursing students (88.1% vs. 76.2%, p < 0.01). The integrated model based on HBM and TPB was able to explain 66% of the variance (adjusted R2 = 0.66). Participants were more likely to be willing to get vaccinated if they reported higher levels of perceived susceptibility, benefits, barriers, cues to action, attitude, self-efficacy and anticipated regret. Two interaction effects revealed that male nurses had a higher intention of getting vaccinated than did female nurses and that susceptibility is a predictor of the intention of getting vaccinated only among nurses. Conclusions: This study demonstrates that both models considered (i.e., HBM and TPB) are important for predicting the intention of getting a COVID-19 vaccine among medical and nursing students, and can help better guide intervention programs, based on components from both models. Our findings also highlight the importance of paying attention to a targeted group of female nurses, who expressed low vaccine acceptance.
Targeting Haemagglutinin Antigen of Avian Influenza Virus to Chicken Immune Cell Receptors Dec205 and CD11c Induces Differential Immune-Potentiating Responses
Authors: Shrestha Angita , Sadeyen Jean-Remy , Lukosaityte Deimante , Chang Pengxiang , Van Hulten Marielle , Iqbal Munir
Published: July 2021

Improving the immunogenicity and protective efficacy of vaccines is critical to reducing disease impacts. One strategy used to enhance the immunogenicity of vaccines is the selective delivery of protective antigens to the antigen presenting cells (APCs). In this study, we have developed a targeted antigen delivery vaccine (TADV) system by recombinantly fusing the ectodomain of hemagglutinin (HA) antigen of H9N2 influenza A virus to single chain fragment variable (scFv) antibodies specific for the receptors expressed on chicken APCs; Dec205 and CD11c. Vaccination of chickens with TADV containing recombinant H9HA Foldon-Dec205 scFv or H9HA Foldon-CD11c scFv proteins elicited faster (as early as day 6 post primary vaccination) and higher anti-H9HA IgM and IgY, haemagglutination inhibition, and virus neutralisation antibodies compared to the untargeted H9HA protein. Comparatively, CD11c scFv conjugated H9HA protein showed higher immunogenic potency compared to Dec205 scFv conjugated H9HA protein. The higher immune potentiating ability of CD11c scFv was also reflected in ex-vivo chicken splenocyte stimulation assay, whereby H9HA Foldon-CD11c scFv induced higher levels of cytokines (IFNγ, IL6, IL1β, and IL4) compared to H9HA Foldon-Dec205 scFv. Overall, the results conclude that TADV could be a better alternative to the currently available inactivated virus vaccines.
Effect of Honey and Syrup Diets Enriched with 1,3-1,6 β-Glucans on Honeybee Survival Rate and Phenoloxidase Activity (Apis mellifera L. 1758)
Authors: Sagona Simona , Fronte Baldassare , Coppola Francesca , Tafi Elena , Giusti Matteo , Palego Lionella , Betti Laura , Giannaccini Gino , Guglielminetti Lorenzo , Felicioli Antonio
Published: July 2021

β-glucans can activate the animal innate immune system by acting as immune-modulators and inducing various stimulatory effects. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of 1,3-1,6 β-glucans administered orally for 96 h on Apis mellifera workers (newly emerged and nurse bees). β-glucans were included in honey and syrup. Survival rate and phenoloxidase activity were measured. In both newly emerged and nurse bees, β-glucans supplementation did not affect survival rate (p > 0.05). Conversely, phenoloxidase activity was higher in both newly emerged bees (p = 0.048) and nurse bees (p = 0.014) fed with a honey diet enriched with β-glucans compared to those fed with only honey. In both the newly emerged and nurse bees, no statistical differences in phenoloxidase activity were recorded between the group fed with a syrup-based diet enriched with β-glucans and the control group (p > 0.05). The absence of significant variation in survival suggests that the potential negative effect of β-glucans in healthy bees could be mitigated by their metabolism. Conversely, the inclusion of β-glucans in a honey-based diet determined an increase of phenoloxidase activity, suggesting that the effect of β-glucan inclusion in the diet of healthy bees on phenoloxidase activity could be linked to the type of base-diet. Further investigations on β-glucans metabolism in bees, on molecular mechanism of phenoloxidase activation by 1,3-1,6 β-glucans, and relative thresholds are desirable. Moreover, investigation on the combined action of honey and β-glucans on phenoloxidase activity are needed.
The Effect of Ocular Perfusion Pressure on Retinal Thickness in Young People with Presumed Systemic Hypotension
Authors: Vawda Naazia , Munsamy Alvin
Published: July 2021

Low ocular perfusion pressure (OPP) may increase the risk of optic neuropathy. This study investigated the effects of OPP on the ganglion cell complex (GCC) and optic nerve head-retinal nerve fibre layer (ONH-RNFL) thickness in presumed systemic hypotensives (PSH). Fifteen participants with PSH and 14 controls underwent automated sphygmomanometry and Icare tonometry to calculate OPP: mean OPP (MOPP), systolic OPP (SOPP), and diastolic OPP (DOPP). ONH-RNFL and macula GCC thickness were evaluated using the Optovue iVue optical coherence tomographer. Statistical analysis comprised independent t-tests, the Mann–Whitney U test and binary logistic regression analysis. There was no significant difference when comparing ONH-RNFL and macula GCC thickness between both groups. Increased MOPP (OR = 0.51; 95% CI: 0.27–0.97; p = 0.039) and SOPP (OR = 0.79; 95% CI: 0.64–0.98; p = 0.035) were significantly associated with a decreased risk of reductions in GCC total thickness. Increased SOPP (OR = 0.11; 95% CI: 0.01–0.89; p = 0.027) was significantly associated with a decreased risk of reductions in the average ONH-RNFL thickness. The study found no significant retinal thickness changes in PSH’s, in comparison to the controls. The study established that, by increasing MOPP and SOPP, there was a decreased risk of reductions in the total GCC thickness and average ONH-RNFL thickness. Higher SOPP may decrease the possibility of retinal thinning of the GCC and ONH-RNFL. However, higher MOPP may decrease the odds of thinning of the GCC before ONH-RNFL changes.
Prediction of the Cavitation over a Twisted Hydrofoil Considering the Nuclei Fraction Sensitivity at 4000 m Altitude Level
Authors: Luo Hongying , Tao Ran
Published: July 2021

Cavitation phenomenon is important in hydraulic turbomachineries. With the construction of pumping stations and hydro power stations on plateau, the influence of nuclei fraction on cavitation becomes important. As a simplified model, a twisted hydrofoil was used in this study to understand the cavitation behaviors on pump impeller blade and turbine runner blade at different altitude levels. The altitudes of 0 m, 1000 m, 2000 m, 3000 m and 4000 m were comparatively studied for simulating the plateau situation. Results show that the cavitation volume proportion fcav increases with the decreasing of cavitation coefficient Cσ. At a specific Cσ, high altitude and few nuclei will cause smaller size of cavitation. The smaller Cσ is, the higher the sensitivity Δfcav is. The larger Cσ is, the higher the relative sensitivity Δfcav* is. On the twisted foil, flow incidence angle increases from the sidewall to mid-span with the decreasing of the local minimum pressure. When Cσ is continually decreasing, the size of cavitation extends in spanwise, streamwise and thickness directions. The cavity is broken by the backward-jet flow when Cσ becomes small. A tail generates and the cavity becomes relatively unstable. This study will provide reference for evaluating the cavitation status of the water pumps and hydroturbines installed on a plateau with high altitude level.
Simulation of Water and Salt Dynamics under Different Water-Saving Degrees Using the SAHYSMOD Model
Authors: Chang Xiaomin , Wang Shaoli , Gao Zhanyi , Chen Haorui , Guan Xiaoyan
Published: July 2021

Water shortage and soil salinization are the main issues threatening the sustainable development of agriculture and ecology in the Hetao Irrigation District (HID). The application of water-saving practices is required for sustainable agricultural development. However, further study is required to assess the effects of these practices on water and salt dynamics in the long term. In this study, the impacts of different water-saving practices on water and salt dynamics were investigated in the HID, Northwest China. The SAHYSMOD (integrated spatial agro-hydro-salinity model) was used to analyze the water and salt dynamics for different water-saving irrigation scenarios. The results indicate that the SAHYSMOD model shows a good performance after successful calibration (2007–2012) and validation (2013–2016). The soil salinity of cultivated land in the middle and upper reaches of the irrigation district decreased slightly, while that in the lower reaches increased significantly over the next 10 years under current irrigation and drainage conditions. It is predicted that if the amount of water diverted is reduced by up to 15%, the maximum water-saving volume could reach 650 million m3 yr–1. For the fixed reduction rate of total water diversion, the prioritized measure should be given to reduce the amount of field irrigation quota, and then to improve the water efficiency of the canal system. Although a certain amount of water can be saved through various measures, the effect of water saving in the irrigation district should be analyzed comprehensively, and the optimal water management scheme should be determined by considering the ecological water requirement in the HID.
The Influence of Inquiry Learning Strategies and Cognitive Style on Mathematics Learning Outcomes of Grade V SD Pematangsiantar
Authors: Gultom Junita Palupi , Situmorang Julaga , Juhana Juhana
Published: July 2021

This study aims to find out the effect of inquiry learning strategies and cognitive styles on mathematics learning outcomes in grade V SD Pematangsiantar. The research method used is the experimental method with a quasi-experimental design 2 x 2 factorial design. In this study, the samples were grouped into two groups. The two groups were used as the experimental group and the control group respectively. The data collection technique was done through pre-test and post-test to the control group and the experimental group. The results of this study indicate that the mathematics learning outcomes of primary school students who are taught with guided inquiry learning strategies are higher than those taught with free inquiry learning strategies with a mean value of 90,50. Mathematics learning outcomes of primary school students who have an independent cognitive style are higher than those who have a dependent cognitive style with an average score of 89. Mathematics learning outcomes of primary school students have an interaction between inquiry learning strategies and dependent cognitive styles with an average score of 79. The mathematics learning outcomes of the students in free inquiry class have an independent cognitive style with an average score of 87. Mathematics learning outcomes of guided inquiry class students have a dependent cognitive style (A1B2) with an average score of 87. Primary students’ mathematics learning outcomes among those taught using Free inquiry learning strategies are no better than students who are taught using guided inquiry learning strategies and Mathematics learning outcomes of primary students among those who have better independent field cognitive style with dependent learning styles
Peranan Aset Komunitas dalam Pemberdayaan Perempuan Nelayan Puspita Bahari Morodemak Jawa Tengah
Authors: Rosalina Wina , Suciati Suciati
Published: July 2021

This paper will review the development of an Islamic community initiated by the Puspita Bahari organization to Muslim fisherwomen in the village of Morodemak. The background of this empowerment is due to the problem of fisherwomen who work hard to find debt to meet family needs due to the uncertainty of their husband's income. This woman also experienced violence from her husband. The Puspita Bahari organization is here to invite women to be independent, to increase family finances, and to get out of poverty. This empowerment takes the form of first helping to provide welfare guarantees for fisherwomen who go to sea with recognition of status on the KTP from housewives to become fishermen. The second empowerment is to invite fisherwomen to work by making processed fish products in the form of crackers, chips, shredded so they can sell fish at a higher price. Puspita Bahari's empowerment is the empowerment of Islamic community development based on the development of community assets. The method used is library research based on websites, journals, and articles available on the internet. The findings found that there are 6 assets that are used in empowerment, for example the role of environmental assets in the form of the sea and the wealth of fish to become raw materials for processed products. The theory that will be used is the role of community assets in the development of Islamic society.
Pengaruh Strategi Contextual Teaching And Learning Dan Motivasi Belajar Terhadap Hasil Belajar Siswa SD
Authors: Pahu Soritua Siregar , Darmana Ayi , Rahayu Ucu
Published: July 2021

This study aims to determine the effect of the interaction of CTL learning strategies and motivation on student learning outcomes on living things and their environment. This research was conducted at SD Negeri 02 Rantau Selatan, Labuhanbatu Regency. The instruments used were tests and questionnaires on learning motivation. The test instruments consist of 9 items of multiple choice, 9 items of essay test and 42 items of questionnaire. All instruments have been validated. The study used a quasi-experimental method with a 2 x 2 factorial design. The data analysis technique used ANOVA at the significance level α = 0.05. The results showed that student learning outcomes on living things and their environment materials taught using the CTL strategy were higher than student learning outcomes on living things and their environment taught using the Direct model Fcount  58.508 > Ftable  4.12, there is a difference. There is a significant difference between student learning outcomes in the material of living things and their environment that has high learning motivation with students who have low learning motivation Fcount  13.396 > Ftable  4.12, there is an interaction between learning strategies and learning motivation on student learning outcomes in the material living things and their environment Fcount 23.053 > Ftable 4.12. The results of the study can be concluded that the CTL strategy is better than direct learning. The CTL strategy is better used to teach students who have high learning motivation while direct learning is better used for students who have low learning motivation.
Desain Media Katalog Digital Museum Airlangga untuk Siswa Kelas X SMAN 1 Plosoklaten Kediri
Authors: Afi Muhtiya Wahyu , Sayono Joko , Sulistyo Wahyu Djoko
Published: July 2021

This article aims to develop a leraning media design for the Airlangga Museum digital catalog which is packaged in an application that can be accessed via a smartphone offline. This learning media contains material from the relics of the Hindu-Buddhist kingdom in Airlagga Museum. The making of the instructional media design is based on the analysis of problems and potentials in class X MIPA 3 SMAN 1 Plosoklaten Kediri. Based on the problem analysis, its shows that students interest in learning during online learning is low and the lack of use of innovative media is able to attract students interest in learning history. This is evidenced by the low student participation in the history learning. Design media uses the ADDIE development model which consists of five stages, namely: analysis, design, development,evaluation and implementation. The result of this learning media desing is in the form of a digital catalog equipped with a menu feature containing material in from of photos and descriptions of any relics in the Airlangga Museum. In addition, there is a quiz as an evalustion. The digital catalog of Museum Airlangga is more effective and efficient in being used as a learning medium during the pandemic because it allows students to learn relics from the Hindu-Buddhist era in Airllangga Museum without having to visit the museum.
Kegagalan Praktik Patronase-Klientelisme pada Pemilihan Kepala Desa di Kabupaten Klaten Tahun 2019
Authors: Mardhika Juang Gagah , Martini Rina , Fitriyah Fitriyah
Published: July 2021

The study patronage-clienttelism at the level Village Head Selection is still an important concern. Therefore, this study aims to explain the phenomenon of incumbent defeat and the failure patronage-clienttelism practices in the 2019 Village Head Elections in Klaten Regency.  This study uses qualitative method with case study approach in Randusari Village, Jimbung Village, and Jiwowetan Village. Data collection using interviews and documentation studies, informants are selected purposively, consisting prospective village heads, successful teams, and voters. Data analysis techniques are carried out through data collection, data reduction, data presentation and drawing conclusions. The results showed that Village Head Elections Simultaneously Randusari, Jimbung and Jiwowetan 2019 are full of patronage-clienttelism practices. The types of patronage-clienttelism used vary quite by type, as well as actors who are directly related to the electorate. The practice patronage-clienttelism in all three villages, was unable to encourage the incumbent candidate to win the election result. The challengers managed to explore the limitations and cursess that exist in the incumbent. So that it is able to change the behavior of choosing society through psychological, sociological and rational choices.
Analisis Penerapan Prinsip Layout, Tipografi, Warna, dan Gambar Pada Sampul Majalah “Dinamika
Authors: Setiawan Heri , Kartono Gamal
Published: July 2021

This study aims to analyze and describe how the cover of the student press magazine "Dinamika" State Islamic University of North Sumatra applies magazine cover design based on the principles of layout, typography, and color selection and images. This study uses a qualitative descriptive method. The subject of this research is the student press magazine "Dinamika" UIN SU edition 29 to edition 50 with a total of 15 magazine covers using purposive sampling technique. The results of this study explain the number of magazine covers that apply the very good category layout principle as many as 5 covers (33%), 5 good (33%), 3 good enough (20%), and 2 cover (14%) less good. The application of the principles of typography in very good categories was 4 covers (27%), 6 good (40%), 1 (6%) good enough, and 4 covers (27%) not good enough. Color selection for very good categories was 7 covers (47%), good 3 (20%), good enough 4 (27%), and less good as many as 1 cover (6%). In the selection of images, there were 3 covers (20%), 6 (40%), 2 (14%) good enough, and 4 (27%) not good. Overall, the results of this study concluded that the quality of the application of the principles of layout, typography, colors, and images on the cover design of the UIN SU student press magazine "Dinamika" was categorized as quite good.
Perilaku Komunikasi Kyai Dengan Masyarakat Sekitar (Studi Pada Pondok Pesantren Nurul Yaqin Ringan-Ringan)
Authors: Altavia Romi , Arif Ernita , Azwar Azwar
Published: July 2021

This study aims to determine the communication behavior of the kyai with the community at the Nurul Yaqin Islamic boarding school. The focus of the problem of this research is the communication behavior of the kyai with the community at the Nurul Yaqin Islamic boarding school. Researchers used a qualitative study research method with a phenomenological approach. Descriptive method is intended to describe systematically, factually and accurately about the data. Qualitative research aims to gain an authentic understanding of people's experiences, as perceived by the people concerned. The data collection techniques used were in-depth interviews, observation, and document collection. Sources of data are the results of interviews, observation findings in the Pariaman area, and documents with relevance. The technique of determining informants using snowball sampling, in this study is Kyai and the community. The research was conducted at the Nurul Yaqin Islamic boarding school in Padang Pariaman Regency. Kiyai (Buya) teaches religious behavior towards the people of lightness, such as worshiping Allah SWT, respecting each other, and not doing bad deeds that harm others. From religious values, Nurul Yaqin Islamic Boarding School places more emphasis on aspects of the faith as well as other religious fields. This study concludes that the kyai's communication behavior with the Nurul Yaqin Islamic boarding school community.
Pengaruh Profitabilitas, Kinerja Keuangan, Ukuran Perusahaan dan Solvabilitas terhadap Pertumbuhan Laba
Authors: Lumbantoruan Rahel , Agustin Sri Murni , Susanti Susanti , Sari Ike Rukmana
Published: July 2021

To see and test whether the effect of  profitability, financial performance, company size and solvency on profit growth (empirical study of the trade, service and investment sector) listed on the IDX for the period 2017-2019 is the purpose of this study. The data analysis method used is statistical analysis method and quantitative descriptive approach. This research is an explanation level research. A total of 177 companies are the total population obtained from companies listed on the IDX from 2017-2019. Samples were taken using purposive sampling technique. This technique is often used by other researchers because the samples obtained are early for the purpose of the study. Samples can be obtained from 14 companies. Data analysis used several analyzes, namely classical assumption test and multiple linear regression. This study shows that partially the profitability variable that has an effect on profit growth, while the financial performance, company size, and solvency variables do not have a significant effect on service companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. Simultaneously profitability, financial performance, company size and solvency also have no effect on profit growth in trade, services and investment  sector  service companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange.
Penyelesaian Kasus Kekerasan Dalam Rumah Tangga Melalui Restorative Justice di Polda Sumut
Authors: Sebayang Artha , Barus Utary Maharany , Ramadhan M. Citra
Published: July 2021

The purpose of this study was to determine the legal rules of restorative justice in the settlement of cases of Domestic Violence (KDRT) at the North Sumatra Regional Police. According to Law Number 2 of 2002 concerning the Police and the factors that cause restorative justice to not work. Research on the Settlement of Domestic Violence Cases through Restorative Justice the North Sumatra Police Case Study is a normative legal research. Normative legal research aims to examine library legal materials. In the Domestic Violence Law No. 23 of 2004 which is a criminal act of complaint and the reporter and victim are people who live within the scope of the household, but the law only confirms that there are no criminal provisions prioritizing the settlement of restorative justice for domestic violence which is minor and constitutes a criminal complaint. The concept of restorative justice is another method used to handle criminal cases. This concept prioritizes the integrity of perpetrators, victims and society as a unit to find solutions and return to a good relationship pattern between victims and perpetrators of criminal acts and one way that can be done in this concept is penal mediation.
Pengaruh Kualitas Pelayanan, Promosi dan Harga Terhadap Kepuasan Orang Tua Murid Di Lembaga Pendidikan TPA Masjid Ash Shaff Bintaro
Authors: Purwanti Purwanti , Ariyanto Aris , Ivantan Ivantan
Published: July 2021

Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui Fenomena serta pengaruh variabel bebas yaitu kualitas pelayanan, promosi dan harga terhadap kepuasan orang tua murid di lembaga pendidikan TPA Masjid Ash Shaff. Penelitian bersifat Asosiatif dengan pendekatan kuantitatif. Populasinya seluruh orang tua murid TPA Masjid Ash Shaf dengan sampel 178 responden. Tehnik pengumpulan data dengan cara kuesioner. Teknik analisis data menggunakan uji instrument, uji asumsi klasik, analisis regresi, koefisien determinasi, uji t hitung dan uji f hitung. Hasil penelitian menunjukan, terdapat pengaruh kualitas pelayanan terhadap kepuasan, dibuktikan dari nilai regresi linier sederhana yaitu Y=11,489+0,516X1, koefisien determinasi 37,3%, dan nilai t hitung 10,241 > t tabel 1,973 dengan signifikan 0,000 < 0,05. Terdapat pengaruh promosi terhadap kepuasan, dibuktikan dari nilai regresi linier sederhana yaitu Y=10,908+0,514X2, koefisien determinasi 24,5%, dan nilai t hitung 7,564 > t tabel 1,973 dengan signifikan 0,000 < 0,05. Terdapat pengaruh harga terhadap kepuasan, dibuktikan dari nilai regresi linier sederhana yaitu Y=14,827+0,729X3, koefisien determinasi 58,1%, dan nilai t hitung 11,257 > t tabel 1,973 dengan signifikan 0,000 < 0,05. Terdapat pengaruh kualitas pelayanan, promosi, dan harga secara simultan terhadap kepuasan orang tua murid di lembaga pendidikan TPA Masjid Ash Shaff, dibuktikan dari persamaan regresi linier berganda yang didapat Y=2,840+0.213X1+0,236X2+0.474X3, koefisien determinasi 53,9%, dan nilai Fhitung 67,706 > F tabel 3,05 dengan siginifikan 0,000 < 0,05.
Tradisi Mamat dalam membangun Relasi Sosial Keagamaan di Naikolan Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Timur
Authors: Penna Nefriyanti Ema
Published: July 2021

This study aims to describe the understanding of the Evangelical Christian Church in the East regarding the hospitality contained tradition eating betel nut, especially next generation who will continue meaning of hospitality in tradition of mamat for daily life and use betel nut as a unifying tool and a sign of respect diversity congregation. Tradition eating betel nut is a symbol of hospitality in the tradition priest. Tradition of mamat provides a new understanding Evangelical Christian Church in the East of Mount Sinai that through betel nut is interpreted as a sign of love and hospitality to others both within the congregation and outside the church context. This research uses descriptive qualitative method. A qualitative approach that aims to accurately describe the characteristics individual, symptom, or group determine the causes frequency certain relationship between a symptom and other symptoms in society, so as obtain in-depth information through interviews with respondents. Mamat tradition also provides good change for the community, especially church because it can teach about mutual acceptance and respect regardless of status, tradition of eating betel nut together allows people have good behavior such as loving, appreciating, and respecting others. With the Mamat tradition, community mingled with each other without seeing any differences.This study aims to describe the understanding of the Evangelical Christian Church in the East regarding the hospitality contained tradition eating betel nut, especially next generation who will continue meaning of hospitality in tradition of mamat for daily life and use betel nut as a unifying tool and a sign of respect diversity congregation. Tradition eating betel nut is a symbol of hospitality in the tradition priest. Tradition of mamat provides a new understanding Evangelical Christian Church in the East of Mount Sinai that through betel nut is interpreted as a sign of love and hospitality to others both within the congregation and outside the church context. This research uses descriptive qualitative method. A qualitative approach that aims to accurately describe the characteristics individual, symptom, or group determine the causes frequency certain relationship between a symptom and other symptoms in society, so as obtain in-depth information through interviews with respondents. Mamat tradition also provides good change for the community, especially church because it can teach about mutual acceptance and respect regardless of status, tradition of eating betel nut together allows people have good behavior such as loving, appreciating, and respecting others. With the Mamat tradition, community mingled with each other without seeing any differences.Keywords: Mamat; Tradition; Betel Nut; Hospitality
Necâtî Bey’in Kastamonu Hayatına Dair Bazı Tespitler ve Düzeltmeler
Authors: İLHAN Enes
Published: July 2021

Necâtî Bey’in hayatına dair belirsizliklerin büyük bir kısmı gençliği ve İstanbul’daki hayatı etrafında şekillenir. Bu hususta Kınalızâde ve Beyânî tezkirelerini esas alan edebiyat tarihlerinde ve müstakil çalışmalarda Necâtî’nin gençliğinde Kastamonu’ya gittiği, şiirleriyle meşhur olduktan sonra tekrar İstanbul’a gelerek Fatih’e kaside sunduğu ifade edilmektedir. Necâtî’yi hangi nedenlerin Kastamonu’ya yönlendirdiği üzerinde durulmamakta ve bazı tahminler ile durum geçiştirilmeye çalışılmaktadır. Ayrıca Necâtî’nin 1483-1504 yılları arasındaki İstanbul yaşamı, başta padişah olmak üzere devrin ileri gelen devlet adamlarına sunduğu kasideler ile özetlenmektedir. Yaklaşık on dokuz yıla yakın bir sürenin Necâtî’nin sunduğu on dört kaside ile anlatılması makul görünmemektedir. Oysa Latîfî Tezkiresi’nde Necâtî’nin Kastamonu’ya Şehzâde Mahmûd ile beraber gittiği açıkça bildirilmektedir. Gençliğinde Kastamonu’da olan Necâtî’nin, Kastamonu’da beş sene sancak beyi olarak bulunan Cem Sultân’a kaside sunmamış olması çelişkilidir. Bu çalışmada Latîfî Tezkiresi’nde yer alan bu bilginin sağlaması yapılacak ve Necâtî’nin gençliğinde Kastamonu’ya gitmesi ile ilgili çelişkili durumlar tespit edilecektir. Böylelikle Necâtî’nin Kastamonu hayatına dair edebiyat tarihlerinde görülen belirsizlikler giderilecektir.
Is it Possible to Keep the Exoskeleton of the Crab Callinectes Ornatus Soft for Several Days?
Authors: Hungria Diogo Barbalho , Santos Tavares Camila Prestes dos , Teixeira da Silva Ubiratã de Assis , Pereira Leandro Ângelo , Cella-Ribeiro Ariana , Ostrensky Antonio
Published: July 2021

Soft-shell crab is considered a gastronomic delicacy, reaching high values in the international market. Under normal conditions, the process of hardening of the crab's exoskeleton after moulting takes approximately two days to complete; however, the commercial consistency of soft-shell crab is lost in just 3 hours. The goal of this research was to evaluate the effects of chemical changes of water on the duration of postmoult, specifically at the stage in which they can be marketed as soft-shelled crab. In this research, Callinectes ornatus (n=241) underwent two experiments: One group was maintained in tanks with partial daily water renewal (Experiment 1), and other in tanks without water renewal (Experiment 2). In the experiment 1, the chemical characteristics of the water remained unchanged over time (p > 0.05), and the median time to hardening of the exoskeleton after moulting was 3 hours.
Operating Conditioning in Bennett Ualabies (Macropus Rufogriseus) Ex Situ for Drugs Administration by Oral Route
Authors: Verónica Isabel Martínez-Espina , Andrea Castañeda Díaz-Samayoa , Daniela Mariel Villatoro-Chacón
Published: July 2021

The objective of this study was the oral administration of trimetoprim sulfamethoxazole as a prophylactic therapy in Bennett’s Wallabies (Macropus Rufogriseus) through the use of operant conditioning. In the study participated 15 animals of different gender and age, all of them living at “La Aurora” National Zoo in Guatemala City, Guatemala. The investigation was divided in 2 stages, first the desensitization and conditioning of the animals and second the oral administration of the drug. Results indicated that 76% of the population had a positive response to the desensitization and conditioning, however only 20% consumed the 100% of the dose. In conclusion the operant conditioning is an excellent tool for desensitizing and creating a routine with zoo animals, but further investigation is required to determine the efficiency of the administration of an oral treatment on this species.
ERROR CORRECTION CODING IN FIBEROPTIC COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS WITH INTENSITY MODULATION
Authors: ЛОГВИН А.А. , МЯСИН К.И. , САИТОВ И.А.
Published: July 2021

Предложен подход к повышению дальности связи отечественных трансиверов волоконно-оптических систем передачи (ВОСП) с модуляцией интенсивности за счет помехоустойчивого кодирования. Представлена аналитическая модель ВОСП с помехоустойчивым кодированием. Приведена оценка выигрыша в дальности передачи информации благодаря применению стандартизированных для ВОСП помехоустойчивых кодов. Предложенный математический аппарат позволяет получить исходные данные для проектирования ВОСП либо, решая двойственную задачу, обеспечить потенциально достижимые характеристики. Рассмотрен возможный вариант структурной схемы оптического трансивера.

The article proposes an approach to increasing the communication range of domestic transceivers for fiber-optic communication systems (FOCS) with intensity modulation due to forward error correction. An analytical model of FOCS with forward error correction is presented. An estimate of the gain in the information transmission range due to the use of errorcorrecting codes standardized for FOCS is given. The proposed mathematical tools make it possible to obtain the initial data for designing a FOCS or to provide potentially attainable characteristics. A possible variant of the block diagram of an optical transceiver is considered.
THE USE OF MISO SYSTEMS FOR SENDING MESSAGES TO SUBSCRIBERS LOCATED IN THE SERVICE AREA OF THE TRANSMITTING STATION
Authors: БЫХОВСКИЙ М.А.
Published: July 2021

В работе выполнено исследование эффективности применения систем Аламоути и MISO, в которыхдля передачи сообщений в многолучевых каналах в сети связи (сотовой, беспроводного доступа или сети радиовещания) используется не -сколько разнесенных в пространстве передающих антенн. В основу исследования положена модель многолучевого канала, учитывающая физические аспекты распространении радиоволн. Предложен аналитический метод исследования систем MISO. Получены формулы для расчета вероятности ошибки при демодуляции сигналов с квадратурно-амплитудной модуляцией в системах MISO, Аламоути и в системе, использующей для передачи сигналов только одну передающую антенну. Оценен энергетический выигрыш, который дает применение системы MISO. Даны рекомендации по выбору оптимальной величины пространственного разнесения передающих антенн в исследованных системах MISO и Аламоути.

The study investigates the effectiveness of the application of the Alamouti and MISO systems, in which several spatially separated transmitting antennas are used for sending messages in multipath channels in a communication network (cellular wireless access, or broadcasting network). The study is based on a multipath channel model that takes into account the physical aspects of radio wave propagation. An analytical method for the study of MISO systems is proposed. Formulas are obtained for calculating the error probability for demodulation of quadrature-amplitude modulation signals in MISO, Alamouti systems, and in the system using only one transmitting antenna. The energy gain of the MISO system application is estimated. Recommendations are given on choosing the optimal spatial diversity of transmitting antennas in the researched MISO and Alamouti systems.