bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The multi-factor partitioning model and a suggestion for its modification
Authors: Xanthos Georgios , Psimarni Konstantina
Published: November 2019

The multi-factor partitioning model (MFP) is one of the shift-share analysis models and constitutes an essential contribution to the effort of describing and understanding a region’s growth. The purpose of the present paper is: 1) To present, the multi-factor partitioning model and its connection to traditional and homothetic one; 2) To explain why the use of standardized relative changes in the use of the MFP model ignores two effects: the distribution effect and the structure effect; 3) To propose a modification of multi-factor partitioning model to take into account the previous mentioned effects; 4) To apply the multi-factor partitioning and the proposed modified multi-factor partitioning model in order to identify growth regional patterns in thirteen Greek regions, and show that the use of multi-factor partitioning model instead the proposed modified model, misleads us to the results.
Egreso universitario a término: elementos que permiten comprender su trama
Authors: Petric Natalia Soledad
Published: November 2019

Se aborda el tema del egreso a término en carreras universitarias querepresentan cinco ramas disciplinares (ciencias sociales, humanas, aplicadas, básicasy de la salud), desde la voz de los egresados. El objetivo fue desentrañar lasdimensiones implicadas, además de construir categorías teóricas sustantivas queden cuenta de las experiencias de dichos actores universitarios.Se utilizó un diseño cualitativo de investigación a partir de entrevistas focalizadas atreinta y tres egresados de carreras de grado de universidades de gestión estatal dela región centro argentina. El análisis se realizó desde la perspectiva de la teoríafundamentada en la versión de Strauss y Corbin (2002).Se arribó a la idea de trama, que permite describir y explicar el modo complejo deinterrelación entre las categorías centrales o puntos de la trama. Estas categoríasfueron equipaje, autopercepción estudiosa, estrategias de avance y una categoríacontextual: modalidad de cursado de la carrera; todas ellas con sus correspondientespropiedades y dimensiones.Palabras clave: grado universitario, alumno egresado, investigación cualitativa.
Análisis de emociones referidas por estudiantes universitarios ante distintas estrategias didácticas utilizadas durante su formación profesional
Authors: Olivares Jorge L. , Arrese Fany , Villarreal Marina , Di Franco María Graciela , Lozano Adriana , Alfageme Valeria , Vincet Gisela N. , Damm Noelia , Carassay Mabel
Published: November 2019

En el espacio áulico universitario, ha prevalecido la enseñanza de contenidosdisciplinares con escasa consideración de las emociones generadas. Nos propusimosidentificar, en estudiantes del Profesorado en Ciencias Biológicas, cuáles son lasemociones que les generan las distintas estrategias pedagógicas propuestas en dosasignaturas correlativas referidas a salud humana y analizar las respuestas en unespacio de diálogo. Se aplicó una encuesta al finalizar cada asignatura, en la que selistaban las emociones clasificadas en positivas y negativas.Los estudiantes refirieron una mayor frecuencia de emociones positivas ante las clasesdictadas por el docente. Las actividades que implicaron más participación de losestudiantes generaron el mayor número de emociones negativas. Estos futuros profesoresde nivel medio refirieron que nunca habían sido consultados ni habían analizadosus emociones con anterioridad. La mayoría valoró las estrategias didácticas utilizadasya que consideran que los colocaron en un rol participativo y que favorecieron su formaciónprofesional.Palabras clave: emoción, educación científica, formación de profesores, universidad.
News and Comment
Authors: Lepitzki Dwayne
Published: November 2019

News and comment
Assessment of the Implementation of Sustainable Energy Action Plans at Local Level. Case Study of Latvia
Authors: Jekabsone Anda , Kamenders Agris , Rosa Marika , Kaselofsky Jan , Schule Ralf
Published: November 2019

The need for sustainable energy management at the municipal level is growing, in order to meet EU climate goals. Multiple initiatives have been launched to support municipalities in energy planning and strategy development process. Despite available support, research shows mixed results about implementation of plans and strategies. This research paper analyses what targets municipalities set, how they monitor implementation of their sustainable energy action plans (SEAPs) and searches for the most important factors that have enabled or hindered the implementation of local SEAPs at Latvia. The article shows that, in some cases, there is evidence that SEAP development is a project-based activity, supported by external experts. From municipal personnel point of view, it is a project that ends with approved SEAP, but not a part of their future daily routine. Eventually implementation of the plan is difficult, because municipalities lack experience in daily management of energy data, distribution of responsibilities and implementation of procedures. Municipalities also tend to exclude important stakeholders in their SEAPs, like, private sector, household sector and transport sector, which lead to lower targets and lower achievements in GHG reduction.
Impact of Zones with Special Status on the Environment (Experience of Russia and Kazakhstan)
Authors: Turgel Irina , Bozhko Larissa , Pracheva Ekaterina , Naizabekov Abdrakhman
Published: November 2019

In the article the issues of establishing and functioning of the zones with special economic activity conditions are addressed and their impact on the environment in Russia and Kazakhstan is assessed. The relevance of the subject of the research is determined, on the one hand, by a qualitative change in the role of the environmental issues in the system of values of population of the post-soviet countries and, on the other hand, by cumulative increase of the negative impact due to the irrational environmental management. Information about the types of special status zones established in these countries is systematized. The key characteristics of these institutional entities are compared, which includes goals and specifics of their development, implemented organizational mechanisms, measures for support of business activities, offered tax incentives and preferences. The authors demonstrate that the adopted accelerated economic growth strategy within the framework of zones with special status is implemented disregarding the environmental effects of their development, which poses serious threats to self-preservation of the society and environment. Common and country-specific risks of functioning of the zones with special economic activity conditions are justified. Factors contributing to inadequate assessment of the negative impact on the environment of industries, created in SEZ were revealed. It is emphasized that the current legal and regulatory framework of these zones in Russia and Kazakhstan is aimed not at the prevention of environmental threats but at the easing of requirements for entities in the field of environmental management. Finally, conclusion is made about the greening opportunities of development of the zones with special economic activity conditions, a necessity to enhance the environmental legislation and mutual “best practices” adoption opportunities in this field in Russia and Kazakhstan. The empirical basis of the analysis is constituted by the results of the studies carried out within the framework of the research work “Enhancement of the State Regulation Policy of Accelerated Clustering of the Industrial Regions” implemented on the grounds of the grant funding of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Republic of Kazakhstan.
Methods to Evaluate Electricity Policy from Climate Perspective
Authors: Rozentale Liga , Blumberga Dagnija
Published: November 2019

Nowadays government policies to mitigate climate change are of a wide variety and they are evaluated before and after implementation. Much research has been conducted on how climate change policy will affect the climate. However, there is very little research on policies that are not intended to mitigate or reduce climate change and which, from the policy makers’ point of view, have no relation to climate change. The goal of this study is to review the electricity policy in Latvia and the aspects that can be evaluated under this policy, and apply multiple-criteria analysis to determine on what spheres the electricity policy leaves the most positive impact – is it climate or are they consumers and other electricity market players? The outcome of the analysis shows that, at the national level, the most positive impact on climate is provided by the National Energy and Climate Plan, indicating that climate is taken into consideration mostly only under complex multi-sectoral legislation.
New Vision on Invasive Alien Plant Management System
Authors: Zihare Lauma , Muizniece Indra , Blumberga Dagnija
Published: November 2019

Since the creation of the European Union’s (EU) Biodiversity Strategy, increased attention has been drawn to the spread of invasive non-native species, their impact on biodiversity, and the economic losses caused. Ensuring compliance with the regulation on the eradication of invasive species requires financial means, therefore a new vision on invasive plant management system is proposed. With a new system, invasive alien plant (IAP) control is ensured as well as a new source of lignocellulosic biomass for product production, that could result in financial gains is presented. This article provides current alien plant situation visualization by Sankey diagram showing invasiveness of alien species and establishment, after which invasive and potentially invasive species are directed further to pre-assessment. A total of 157 invasive plant species are evaluated by multi criteria decision analysis TOPSIS, the case on the national level (Latvia) is presented and a new concept for a IAP management system is provided. The research results and the new concept provide a contribution to policy makers, land owners affected by invasive species and municipalities.
Hubungan Antara Trust dengan Konflik Interpersonal Pada Dewasa Awal yang Menjalani Hubungan Pacaran Jarak Jauh
Authors: Winayanti Ratna Devy , Widiasavitri Putu Nugrahaeni
Published: November 2019

Long-distance relationship has now become a social trend among the community because of the increase in educational attainment of men and women. Trust is a prerequisite of success in a long-distance relationship, and it is important to minimize conflict. This study aims to determine the correlation between trust and interpersonal conflict among early adulthood initial long-distance relationship.Subjects in this study were 100 student of Udayana University. Measuring instruments used are the trust scale (34 items; rxx` = 0.913) and interpersonal conflict scale (33 items; rxx` = 0.878). Data were processed using Pearson Product Moment analysis and simple linear regression. Statistical analysis show, there is significant correlation between trust and interpersonal conflict, with a negative direction (r = -0.325 ; p = 0.001). The coefficient of determination obtained for 0.106 which means that 10.6% of trust variable can explaine variance that occurs in conflict interpersonal variable.Keywords: trust, interpersonal conflict, long-distance relationship, early adulthood
Wpływ odległości od konkurenta, dostawcy i odbiorcy na aktywność innowacyjną przedsiębiorstw przemysłu średnio-niskiej techniki w Polsce
Authors: Dzikowski Piotr
Published: November 2019

Praca przedstawia wyniki badania, którego celem jest określenie wpływu odległości od konkurenta, dostawcy i odbiorcy na aktywność innowacyjną przedsiębiorstw reprezentujących przemysł średnio-niskiej techniki w Polsce w latach 2008–2013. Zakres badania dotyczy innowacji na poziomie przedsiębiorstwa i uwzględnia dyfuzję do poziomu „nowość dla przedsiębiorstwa”. Działania innowacyjne uwzględnione w badaniu obejmują inwestycje, w tym nakłady na badania i rozwój (B + R), implementacje wyrobów i pro- cesów technologicznych oraz współpracę innowacyjną. Badanie obejmuje 2301 przedsiębiorstw. W pracy założono, że bliskość geograficzna dostawców i odbiorców sprzyja pobudzaniu aktywności innowacyjnej, podczas gdy bliskość konkurentów sprawia, że skłonność przedsiębiorstw do podejmowania aktywności innowacyjnej maleje. Część metodyczna analiz wykorzystuje modelowanie probitowe, dzięki któremu można określić prawdopodobieństwo podjęcia danego działania innowacyjnego w funkcji odległości do danego partnera (konkurenta, dostawcy, odbiorcy). Analiza pokazuje, że wpływ odległości danego rodzaju partnera oddziałuje w różny sposób na częstotliwość podejmowania danego działania innowacyjnego. Najwięcej związków znaleziono dla odbiorców i dostawców krajowych. Współpraca z partnerami zagranicznymi sprawia, że badane przedsiębiorstwa częściej są skłonne ponosić nakłady na działalność badawczo-rozwojową oraz częściej współpracują z instytucjami reprezentującymi świat nauki.
Identyfikacja skali wdrażania certyfikowanych systemów zarządzania jakością w przedsiębiorstwach usługowych
Authors: Sadkowski Wojciech
Published: November 2019

Głównym celem artykułu jest zidentyfikowanie popularności certyfikowanych systemów zarządzania jakością w przedsiębiorstwach usługowych. Autor podejmuje próbę zdefiniowania systemów zarządzania jakością oraz oceny ich wpływu na zarządzanie jednostką. Część pierwsza stanowi rozważania na temat istoty usług i działalności usługowej oraz prezentuje elementy różnicujące usługi od innych typów działalności. Druga i trzecia część zawierają teoretyczne aspekty systemów zarządzania jakością oraz prezentują dane ilościowe dotyczące implementacji certyfikowanych systemów zarządzania jakością w Polsce i na świecie. W pracy przeprowadzono analizę piśmiennictwa naukowego z zakresu zarządzania jakością, marketingu usług i ekonomii oraz zastosowano metody indukcji i dedukcji. Sektor usług jest bardzo rozległą i zróżnicowaną gałęzią gospodarki. To przedsiębiorstwa usługowe wysoko rozwiniętych gospodarek tworzą 80% dochodu narodowego. Jakość realizowanych usług wpływa na wynik finansowy organizacji. Do odniesienia sukcesu na bardzo konkurencyjnym, globalnym rynku, gdzie klient dyktuje warunki dotyczące jakości usługi, najważniejsze staje się wdrożenie systemu zarządzania jakością, który pozwala efektywniej zarządzać jednostką. Rozwiązania te stają się coraz bardziej popularne i powszechne na świecie.
La construcción curricular: algo mas que una acción instrumental
Authors: López Jiménez Nelson Ernesto
Published: November 2019

Con preocupación se observa el incremento significativo que ha tenido la Educación superior en Colombia en cuanto a oferta de programas se refiere, desde la expedición de la Ley 30 de 1992, según datos del ICFES, se han creado 1.345 programas equivalentes a la tercera parte de la población general, no es que la ampliación de la oferta deba ser enjuiciada por principio -la actual cobertura no alcanza ni al 16% lo que es valido preguntamos, es sobre los antecedentes, circunstancias, intereses, indagaciones y concepciones auriculares, que sustentan dicha expansión.
Importancia social de los ambientes modernos de aprendizaje
Authors: Bonilla Baquero Carlos Bolívar
Published: November 2019

Los educadores colombianos tenemos un compromiso inaplazable, con la búsqueda de alternativas encaminadas a contribuir en la superación de la crisis generalizada que vive el País. Se debe admitir de manera realista que esta contribución no será suficiente para resolver la crisis pero si necesaria, especialmente dentro del conjunto de opciones civilistas, contrarias a las opciones violentas-militaristas de derecha, centro o izquierda. De la misma manera, se considera que una contribución en este sentido puede resultar significativa desde el aula escolar actual, siempre y cuando los educadores asumamos una actitud favorable a la revisión de nuestro desempeño docente, internalizando concepciones teóricas que posibiliten la construcción de ambientes modernos de aprendizaje. A continuación definiremos esta última expresión.Ambiente de Aprendizaje. Cuando hablamos de Ambiente de Aprendizaje estamos haciendo referencia a una categoría pedagógica que define la estructura de relaciones en la cual actúan los primeros agentes protagónicos del proceso educativo. Se trata de una categoría que trasciende la concepción tradicional de ambiente de aprendizaje, como espacio físico del aula y/o como disponibilidad de materiales didácticos.
Situación de los laboratorios públicos productores de antivenenos en América Latina
Authors: Fan Hui Wen , Natal Vigilato Marco Antonio , Augusto Pompei Julio Cesar , Gutiérrez José María ,   en representación de la Red de Laboratorios Públicos Productores de Antivenenos de América Latina (RELAPA). (Los autores de la RELAPA y sus afiliaciones se mencionan al final del manuscrito.)
Published: November 2019

Se analiza la situación de los laboratorios públicos productores de antivenenos en América Latina, con base a los resultados de en un taller coordinado por el Centro Panamericano de Fiebre Aftosa (PANAFTOSA) de la Organización Panamericana de la Salud (OPS). Nueve países en la región poseen doce laboratorios públicos que producen y distribuyen antivenenos contra venenos de diferentes animales ponzoñosos. Se discutió la situación de cada laboratorio, se analizó el escenario actual caracterizado por las crecientes demandas regulatorias y la heterogeneidad de estos en términos de infraestructura y capacidad productiva y se planteó la necesidad de concertar procesos de cooperación regional dirigidos a mejorar la disponibilidad de antivenenos, incluyendo proyectos de investigación y desarrollo para el mejoramiento de los procesos y las tecnologías; estudios del perfil de la capacidad neutralizante de los antivenenos contra diferentes venenos, y programas de capacitación técnica de profesionales y personal técnico. En el contexto actual, en el que la Organización Mundial de la Salud elaboró una estrategia global para la prevención y el control de los envenenamientos ofídicos, el Centro PANAFTOSA de la OPS ha asumido la coordinación de estas acciones en las Américas, mejorar la disponibilidad de antivenenos es prioritaria. Como resultado de ese taller, se creó la Red de Laboratorios Públicos Productores de Antivenenos de América Latina (RELAPA), con el objetivo de fortalecer estos laboratorios y de aumentar la disponibilidad y accesibilidad de antivenenos eficaces y seguros a toda América Latina.
Комплексные соли с участием катионов [Pd(NH3)4]2+ и анионов WO42– и W7O246– — предшественники металлических сплавов Pd—W
Authors: Храненко С.П. , Сухих А.С. , Комаров В.Ю. , Громилов С.А.
Published: November 2019

Изучены две кристаллические структуры с участием катионов [Pd(NH3)4]2+ и анионов WO42– и W7O246–. Для структуры [Pd(NH3)4]WO4 при 150 K получены кристаллографические данные: а = 7.4626(3) Å, с = 15.5718(8) Å, пр. гр. I41/amd, V = 867.20 Å3, Z = 4. При повышении температуры до 400 K параметры элементарной ячейки изменяются разнонаправлено: а увеличивается на 0.032 Å, с уменьшается на 0.036 Å. Общее увеличение объема ячейки составляет 5 Å3. В интервале от 150 K до 400 K наблюдаемые расстояния W—О уменьшаются на 0.019 Å — от 1.778(18) Å до 1.759(3) Å. Для структуры [Pd(NH3)4]3W7O24·4.4H2O при 298 K кристаллографические данные следующие: а = 8.3409(2) Å, b = 22.2654(6) Å, с = 10.5450(3) Å, β = 104.449(1)°, пр. гр. P21/m, V = 1896.41 Å3, Z = 2. В гептавольфрамат-анионе наиболее короткие — расстояния W—O c участием концевых атомов О 1.731—1.745 Å. Расстояния до мостиковых атомов О, связывающих два атома W — 1.930—2.406 Å, три — 1.882—2.234 Å, четыре — 2.192—2.220 Å. Показано, что структура [Pd(NH3)4]3W7O24·4.4H2O имеет псевдогексагональный мотив в направлении а. Проведено термическое разложение солей в присутствии LiH в атмосфере Не при 1273 K, ex situ рентгенографическое исследование показало образование сплавов Pd—W.
Effects of Quercus cortex extract on the growth and development of carp
Authors: Miroshnikova Elena Petrovna , Arinzhanov Azamat Ersainovich , Kilyakova Yuliya Vladimirovna , Duskaev Galimzhan Kalihanovich , Miroshnikova Maria Sergeevna
Published: November 2019

Studies have been conducted to determine the effect of feeding Quercus cortex extract in different dosages on the growth and development of carp in comparison with probiotics (Bifidobacterium longum) and antibiotics (ciprofloxacin hydrochloride). The studies found an increase in fish growth due to the introduction in the diet of Quercus cortex extracts concentration 1 and 2 mg/kg feed of 7,9 % and 10,7 % (P<0,05), respectively. The inclusion of probiotic and antibiotic in the diet showed no significant differences compared to the control group.
AQUAM—A Decision Support Software for Fish Farm Management
Authors: Radulescu Marius
Published: November 2019

In this paper, a software for management and decision support in a fish farm is presented. The software called AQUAM is dedicated to fresh water fish farms. Its aim is to make an efficient management of resources through planning, monitoring, analysis and decision support. Successful planning and management requires the integration of data related to ponds, fish species, fish growth, water and energy and economic analysis. AQUAM computes farm budgets relating various costs and returns in order to determine short and long term profitability. A simulation of the profit, as a function of the fish holding density, is performed with AQUAM. The data used in the simulation are from a fish farm of semi-intensive type, located in the region Danube Delta, at village Jurilovca, Tulcea county, Romania. The fish species that were taken into account were carp and sanger.
Rural Teacher Salary Impact Rural Students Drop Out in Developing Country
Authors: Xingfang Yang , Prastowo Rizo Budi , Khumalo Minenhle , Musayeva Shabnam
Published: November 2019

Student dropout in rural area is one of the education problems that being faced by many countries. In this qualitative study, we used global and national documentation to explore and describe in-depth impact of rural teacher salary on rural student dropout in selected four developing countries, namely Azerbaijan, Colombia, Indonesia and South Africa. The data was obtained from the published data of each countries. The result shows that South African rural teachers get the highest salary of USD 2,524, followed by Colombia with USD 626,58, Azerbaijan USD 175 and Indonesia USD. 182.24. The Lowest percentage of rural student dropout in primary level is South Africa and Colombia (3% respectively), Junior High School level is Azerbaijan (8%) and for Senior High School is South Africa (27%). In conclusion it shows that rural teacher salary has negative impact on rural student dropout, but this impact will be more influential by support from many other factors. It is suggested that developing countries should increase rural teachers’ salary as the solution to decrease rural student dropout.
GENEL MUHASEBE DERS KİTAPLARININ OKUNABİLİRLİK DÜZEYLERİ ÜZERİNE BİR ARAŞTIRMA
Authors: DOĞAN Mustafa , ERTUGAY Emrah
Published: November 2019

Okuma, gözle algılanan işaret ve
sembollerin beyin tarafından işlenerek anlamlandırılması ve yorumlanması
işlemidir. Okunan metnin akıcı biçimde anlamlandırılabilmesini sağlamak için
metinlerin sahip olması gereken okunaklılık, okunabilirlik, anlaşılabilirlik
gibi çeşitli faktörlerden söz edilebilir. Okunabilirlik, bir metnin kolay
okunabilir olmasını sağlayan faktörlerin, okuyucunun okuma becerisine uygun
olması durumudur. Okunabilirliğin ölçülmesi ise bir metnin yapısal zorluğunu
nesnel olarak tanımlama çabasıdır. Bu çalışmada okunabilirlik üzerine temel
bilgilere yer verildikten sonra Ateşman tarafından geliştirilen okunabilirlik
formülü kullanılarak örnek muhasebe metinlerinin okunabilirlik puanı
hesaplanacaktır.
ESTIMATION OF REDUCTION OF NITROGEN OXIDES IN COMBINED STEAM AND GAS POWER PLANTS
Authors: Kulyk M. P.
Published: November 2019

The characteristic of the united power system of Ukraine, based on thermal, nuclear and hydro power plants, as well as on alternative and renewable sources, is carried out. The structure of power system potential indicates a lack of maneuver capacity, some plants are of low mobility. Thermal power is in critical condition due to expired service time of the main technological equipment, additionally, it is a huge source of emissions of harmful substances into the environment. An attempt to use them to cover peak loads only worsens their critical state.It is suggested to restore thermal power on the basis of combined steam and gas power plants. Moreover, for operation of gas section it is necessary to use working substance, which is formed in an additional furnace by heating the compressed air with heat from combustion of some part of coal flow, which subsequently enters the main furnace. The steam and gas generation branches are parallel connected, which extends the range of power change (increasing its maneuverability.) Gas generation increases mobility (rate of power change). For combustion of organic fuel, oxygen enriched atmospheric air is fed, and a nitrogen-based fraction can form a working substance for gas generation. With such an organization of combustion the coefficient of excess air can be ignored, which enables to reduce the volume of flue gases. The membrane separation of atmospheric air into fractions - one en-riched with oxygen, and another with nitrogen, improves the environmentalperformance of a power plant, while increasing its power and economic indices. On the example of the boiler unit TP-92 the basic parameters of a power plant are checked by a calculation method. It is confirmed that the proposed technical solutions point to the correctness and validity of the assumptions. Analysis of the existing technical level of scientific research increases confidence in perspective of the selected direction.
INSTITUTE OF THE PRESIDENT OF UKRAINE IN THE CONTEXT OF POLITICAL CRISIS 2004 AND 2013-2014: FACTORSOF INFLUENCE AND TRANSFORMATION
Authors: Moskaliuk M. F.
Published: November 2019

The article analyzes the specifics of the transformation of the national Presidency against the background of important social and resonant events of the early twenty-first century: The Orange Revolution and the Revolution of Dignity. A political analysis of presidential election campaigns in 2004 and 2014 has been carried out. It has been proved that the change in the form of the republican government in Ukraine and the powers of the head of state during this period took place in the context of political crises and the consequences of the orange and eurointegration squares. Particular attention is paid to the evolution of the constitutional and legal status of the President of Ukraine in the conditions of the presidential-parliamentary and parliamentary-presidential republic.
UKRAINIAN POLITICAL ELITE: SOCIAL EFFECTIVENESS ASSESSMENT BY DOMESTIC SCIENTISTS
Authors: Білоус Л. В.
Published: November 2019

The article deals with the analysis of domestic scientists` research on the Ukrainian political elite social effectiveness and provides the coverage of their activity assessment in terms of publicinterests realization.

It is noted that among the numerous works of domestic scientists on the consideration of certain aspects of the Ukrainian political elite formation and functioning processes there are A. Pakhariev`s, F. Rudych`s, O. Hladkyi`s, M. Holovatyi`s, M. Shulha`s, M. Mykhailychenko`s, I. Pobochii`s, Y. Shaihorodskyi’s and many other`s researches where the matter is raised.

It is noticed that the scientists mainly negatively evaluate the political elite`s social activity in the period of Ukrainian independence. They emphasize that the “formal” political elite, “pseudoelite” of Ukraine is not solid and cohesive. They are not capable of thinking strategically and on a large scale, they are not ready to take historical responsibility for the society`s fate as a whole, adequately protect national interests, fight against corruption and, in general, resolutely carry out reforms. Domestic scientists emphasize that the Ukrainian political elite in their activity are still motivated mainly by their own narrow business interests, but not the interests of the society and the state.

The article suggests that the political elite social activity negative assessment bythe domestic scientists is a general theoretical reflection of people`s real distrust of the Ukrainian authority because of political crisis, corruption, low salaries and high prices, inflation, forced emigration abroad, the conflict in the East and so on as various opinion polls show.

The analysis of the scientific researches on our country`s political elite social effectiveness assessment has also made it possible to single out the scientists` vision of certain conditions under which a successful fulfillment of the elite`s social transformation subject function is possible.
PENGARUH PENAMBAHAN KITOSAN DAN GLISEROL PADA BIOPLASTIK DARI LIMBAH AIR CUCIAN BERAS (Oriza sp.)
Authors: Layudha Siti Iqlima , Ratnani Rita Dwi , Harianingsih Harianingsih
Published: November 2019

Bioplastik atau yang sering disebut plastik biodegradable, merupakan salah satu jenis plastik yang hampir keseluruhannya terbuat dari bahan yang dapat diperbaharui dan mudah diuraikan oleh alam. Bioplastik pada penelitian ini berbahan dasar air cucian beras dengan penambahan gliserol dan kitosan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh penambahan variasi gliserol dan variasi gliserol-kitosan pada bioplastik dari air cucian beras. Penelitian diawali dengan membuat selulosa bakteri atau yang sering disebut dengan nata dari air cucian beras menggunakan metode fermentasi. Tahapan dilanjutkan dengan melakukan variasi penambahan gliserol 1%, 2%, 3%, 4% dan penambahan kitosan 1%, 2%, 3%, 4% dengan cara merendam bioplastik-gliserol yang sebelumnya telah dikeringkan dalam larutan kitosan. Hasil karakterisasi uji tarik menunjukkan bahwa bioplastik dari air cucian beras dengan kekuatan tarik optimum pada variasi penambahan gliserol 1% yaitu 0,029 N/mm2. Sedangkan pada penambahan variasi gliserol-kitosan, bioplastik dari air cucian beras memiliki kekuatan tarik optimum pada penambahan kitosan 2%, yaitu 0,076212 N/mm2. Kata Kunci: Air cucian beras, gliserol, kitosan
Is Parkinson’s Disease a Very Rare Pathology in Centenarians? A Clinical Study in a Cohort of Subjects
Authors: Marcon Gabriella , Manganotti Paolo , Tettamanti Mauro
Published: November 2019

The number of people reaching old age is growing dramatically and centenarians are among the fastest growing age groups. Since no epidemiological study on Parkinson’s disease (PD) in this age class is present in the medical literature, we estimated PD prevalence in the Centenari a Trieste (CaT) study. Participating centenarians were examined by a neurologist, who also retrieved their remote and pharmacological anamnesis. Ninety centenarians received a neurological examination. No subject had PD clinical signs. Moreover, none had a previous diagnosis of PD or had taken or was taking anti-Parkinson treatment. This simple but consistent clinical observation permits some physio-pathological hypotheses.
The Impact of Antiplatelet Use on the Risk of Intracerebral Hemorrhage in Patients with Alzheimer’s Disease: A Nationwide Cohort Study
Authors: Lee Tsung-Lin , Liu Chi-Hung , Chang Yu-Ming , Lin Tien-Yu , Chien Chung-Yao , Chen Chih-Hung , Tsai Kuen-Jer , Lin Sheng-Hsiang , Sung Pi-Shan
Published: November 2019

Background:

Antiplatelet use on the risk of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) in patients with Alzheimer’s disease (AD) has not yet been completely elucidated.

Objective:

This large epidemiologic study aims to estimate the risk of ICH in AD patients treated with antiplatelet therapy (APT).

Methods:

Using data from Taiwan’s National Health Insurance Research Database, ICH risk in APT-treated AD patients with a validated diagnosis (N = 824) was determined. AD without APT and non-AD with and without APT comparison cohorts were selected. To adjust for confounders and competing risk of death, inverse probability of treatment weighting using propensity scores and competing risks regression (CRR) were applied. Cox proportional hazards regression analysis estimated ICH risk in all cohorts comparing with non-AD without APT.

Results:

Among the 824 AD patients with APT, 79.6% were prescribed aspirin. ICH incidence rates in the AD (with/without APT) and non-AD (with/without APT) cohorts were 2.88/2.70 and 2.24/1.20 per 1,000 person-years, respectively. Overall, AD with (adjusted hazards ratio (aHR), 2.29; 95% CI, 1.19–4.38) and without (aHR, 1.97; 95% CI, 1.08–3.61) APT and non-AD with APT (aHR, 1.80; 95% CI, 1.34–2.42) were at a higher risk and had elevated subdistribution HR obtained from CRR than non-AD without APT controls. However, the risk was comparable between the AD cohorts with and without APT (HR, 1.16; 95% CI, 0.51–2.66).

Conclusions:

Our study indicated both the APT and non-APT users in AD population yielded higher ICH risks. However, whether APT use potentiate the risk of ICH in AD patients may warrant further evaluation.
Relationships of Cerebrospinal Fluid Alzheimer’s Disease Biomarkers and COMT, DBH, and MAOB Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms
Authors: Babić Leko Mirjana , Nikolac Perković Matea , Klepac Nataša , Švob Štrac Dubravka , Borovečki Fran , Pivac Nela , Hof Patrick R. , Šimić Goran
Published: November 2019

The noradrenergic and dopaminergic systems are affected in Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Polymorphisms in genes encoding enzymes and proteins that are components of these systems can affect products of transcription and translation and lead to altered enzymatic activity and alterations in overall dopamine and noradrenaline levels. Catechol- O-methyltransferase (COMT) and monoamine oxidase B (MAOB) are the enzymes that regulate degradation of dopamine, while dopamine β-hydroxylase (DBH) is involved in synthesis of noradrenaline. COMT Val158Met (rs4680), DBH rs1611115 (also called –1021C/T or –970C/T), and MAOB rs1799836 (also called A644G) polymorphisms have been previously associated with AD. We assessed whether these polymorphisms are associated with cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) AD biomarkers including total tau (t-tau), phosphorylated tau proteins (p-tau181, p-tau199, and p-tau231), amyloid-β42 (Aβ42), and visinin-like protein 1 (VILIP-1) to test possible relationships of specific genotypes and pathological levels of CSF AD biomarkers. The study included 233 subjects: 115 AD, 53 mild cognitive impairment, 54 subjects with other primary causes of dementia, and 11 healthy controls. Significant decrease in Aβ42 levels was found in patients with GG compared to AG COMT Val158Met genotype, while t-tau and p-tau181 levels were increased in patients with AA compared to AG COMT Val158Met genotype. Aβ42 levels were also decreased in carriers of A allele in MAO-B rs1799836 polymorphism, while p-tau181 levels were increased in carriers of T allele in DBH rs1611115 polymorphism. These results indicate that COMT Val158Met, DBH rs1611115, and MAOB rs1799836 polymorphisms deserve further investigation as genetic markers of AD.
High light stress reduces dinoflagellate predation on phytoplankton through both direct and indirect responses
Authors: Strom SL , Barberi O , Mazur C , Bright K , Fredrickson K
Published: November 2019

This study investigated the influence of light stress on predator-prey interactions between phytoplankton and heterotrophic dinoflagellates. Among the studied phytoplankton species (dinoflagellates, cryptophytes, and prymnesiophytes), the coccolithophore Emiliania huxleyi was particularly sensitive to light stress, as evidenced by photosynthetic efficiency (Fv/Fm) responses and flow cytometry measures of physiological condition. In addition, E. huxleyi was the only studied prey species that experienced reduced dinoflagellate predation when light stressed: predation on stressed E. huxleyi decreased by an average of 49% relative to controls (range: 23-80%). These light stress and predation responses applied to both calcifying and non-calcifying E. huxleyi strains. High light exposure led to elevated production of dissolved dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSP) in one strain of E. huxleyi, a signal that was associated with decreased predation. Direct effects of light stress on the 2 dinoflagellate predators also differed. Predation by Amphidinium longum was strongly decreased by UV exposure, while predation by Oxyrrhis marina was largely unaffected. Our findings highlight the deep diversity that is characteristic of the planktonic protists, and point to chemical signaling as a means by which the effects of light stress can propagate into predation interactions. When defining the ecological niche of planktonic protist species, stress responses should be considered along with the resource acquisition strategies that support growth.
Mayday, Mayday, Mayday! Moving from European Discourses on the Precarious and Art to the Realities of Contemporary Dance
Authors: Assche Annelies Van , Pewny Katharina , Laermans Rudi
Published: November 2019

In this article, we encapsulate several key debates in sociology, cultural and arts politics and the media industry on precarious work since its emergence at the turn of the twenty-first century. After setting out the fundamental discourses on precarity, we concentrate on contemporary dance artists as precarious workers and investigate the extent to which different levels of precarity affect them, distinguishing relevant aspects related to socio-economic, mental and physical precarity. We propose that the nature of their work is integrally connected with the ‘precarious’. To close, we conclude that protest against precarity itself is of a precarious nature.
OBEDUC NO PROGRAMA DE PÓS GRADUAÇÃO EM ENSINO DE CIÊNCIAS E MATEMÁTICA: ALGUMAS REFLEXÕES
Authors: Curi Edda
Published: November 2019

Este artigo tem a finalidade de refletir sobre pesquisas desenvolvidas no âmbito do Programa OBEDUC, sobre as especificidades desse Programa e suas contribuições para o ensino e aprendizagem de Matemática nos anos iniciais do ensino fundamental. As pesquisas foram desenvolvidas durante um período de 4 anos por um Grupo de Pesquisa que envolveu elementos com trajetórias acadêmicas e profissionais diversificadas. Todas as pesquisas foram de natureza qualitativa, mas os procedimentos metodológicos foram adequados aos diversos tipos de pesquisas realizadas. No nosso caso, o Grupo preparou as pesquisas e as realizou de forma colaborativa, a partir da tematização da prática das professoras envolvidas, da análise dos resultados da Prova Brasil e de estudos teóricos realizados. Entre os resultados destacamos a influência de um Programa, como o OBEDUC, que envolve um longo período de pesquisa o que permite a constituição de um grupo colaborativo e o desenvolvimento de pesquisas em sala de aula. O conjunto de pesquisas desenvolvidas mostra que a riqueza do grupo foi condutora do desenvolvimento profissional dos participantes, e que é possível evoluir no que se refere às crenças e concepções dos professores com relação à Matemática e seu ensino quando estes refletem conjuntamente sobre um problema da prática.
Electric Mobility and Smart Mobility Concepts—Restrained Uptake in German Cities
Authors: Johnsen Doris , Vorholt Frederik , Gieschen Jan-Hinrich , Müller Beate , Randhahn Annette
Published: November 2019

Ninety German cities exceeded the European threshold on NO2 in 2016, 65 of those cities developed countermeasures and strategies that were published in Green City Plans (GCP). In the scope of this study, 55 publicly available GCPs were evaluated in order to assess their potential for traffic turnaround at a municipal level. All GCPs were analyzed to determine in which of the mentioned five to seven fields of action the respective city had planned measures and which fields of action were prioritized. A more in-depth qualitative analysis of the main topics: Electric mobility, public transport, and mobility concepts was carried out. To get a better understanding of the potential impact of the measures elaborated in the GCPs, complementary information on municipal fleet vehicle stocks, requirements of charging infrastructure for public buses and results of the European roadmap on mobility concepts are given. The evaluation of the GCPs showed that to this day, city administrations mainly optimize the current system by measures of electrification and digitization. Electrification of municipal fleets, car-sharing fleets, and public transport buses is in the focus of the strategies. Instruments to increase non-motorised transport, sustainable commercial transport, and/or mobility concepts are mentioned, but play a minor role. However, there still has been no system change in Germany. Therefore, a substantial turnaround of the transport system (“Verkehrswende”) is necessary. This applies to integrated urban and transport planning, flexible, strong, fast PT, non-motorised and flexible operating systems.
Steps to benefit from social prescription: a qualitative interview study
Authors: Payne Kirsty , Walton Elizabeth , Burton Christopher
Published: November 2019

Background

The popularity of social prescribing has grown in recent years following a series of high-profile recommendations in scientific reviews, political reports, and media coverage. Social prescribing has the potential to address multiple health and social problems, but few studies have examined how it works.

Aim

To explore the ways by which social prescribing may be beneficial to individuals undertaking socially prescribed activity (SPA).

Design and setting

A qualitative interview study involving people attending a range of SPA.

Method

Participants were purposively recruited from a multi-activity social prescribing provider. Data were collected using semi-structured face-to-face interviews. Analysis used a thematic approach, in which emerging themes were contextualised with interview transcripts and findings from existing literature.

Results

The study identified five themes, which together formed a journey of engagement and participation. While not always present for any one individual, the themes occurred in a consistent order: receiving professional support for social problems; engaging with others through participation in SPA; learning different ways to relate to other people and developing new skills; changing perceptions by realising personal assets and becoming open to the possibility of new futures; and developing a positive outlook on the present while moving forwards in pursuit of future goals and better health.

Conclusion

SPA appears to benefit individuals by a process that begins with personalised professional help to address social problems and moves through engagement with activities and others, to the recognition of personal and social assets and opportunities.
Nesting of Eurasian Tree Sparrow Passer montanus in a nest of Red Kite Milvus milvus
Authors: Litwiniak Klaudia , Przymencki Marcin
Published: November 2019

In June 2019 we found a nest of Eurasian Tree Sparrow Passer montanus in a nest of Red Kite Milvus milvus. It contained five chicks and was located on the side of the kite nest. The nests were located 17 m above ground in a pine tree in a small pine woodland within farmland in western Poland. We believe that this is the first record of Eurasian Tree Sparrow breeding in a Red Kite nest. Our observation supports the notion of great adaptability and flexibility in selection of nest site reported by other authors, who have found Eurasian Tree Sparrow nest in large twig nests of several species.
The Efficacy of a Formula Food for Preventing Postoperative Recurrence in a Tumor Dormancy Model
Authors: Zhang Jie , Chen Zhe Wen , Miao Ming Yong , Shi Han Ping
Published: November 2019

Objective

To establish a lung cancer dormancy mouse model and verify the effects of Wushen (WS), a formula food, on postoperative recurrence.

Methods

We established a Lewis cell tumor dormancy model system that definitively links surgery and the subsequent wound-healing response to the outgrowth of lung cancer cells. We used this model to observe the effects of WS on the postoperative recurrence and the nutritional status of the mice. Finally, the immunocyte subtypes and cytokine levels in the serum and spleens of mice were detected by flow cytometry and ELISA.

Results

The recurrence rate in the WS group was obviously lower than that in the control group. Wushen increased the body weights and serum albumin levels of the mice. The levels of NK, Gr1+CD11b+ CD3+CD8+ and CD3+CD4+ T cells in the spleens of mice in the WS group were also increased. Compared with the control group, the levels of CD4+ IFN-γ+, CD4+IL-2 and CD4+/IL-10+ in the spleens of mice in the WS group were decreased. Wushen also seemed to decrease the levels of IL-6 and TNF-α, but the decrease was not significant.

Conclusion

The postoperative lung cancer recurrence model was successfully established. Wushen inhibited postoperative recurrence, apparently by regulating the level of immune cell subtypes and cytokines in the serum and spleen.
The Impact of Four Different Diets on Metabolic Syndrome
Authors: Zhang Yu Chao , Gao Wei Na , Li Xia , Liu Yuan Tao , Wang Xiang Dong
Published: November 2019

Objectives

To evaluate the effects of different diets on the risk of metabolic syndrome.

Methods

Five groups of female SD rats were fed a normal control (NC) diet, a high-protein (HP) diet, a high-fat diet (HF), a combination high-fat and high-protein diet (HF+HP) or a high-fat with cholesterol diet (HF+CHO), and the changes in body weight, insulin sensitivity and blood biochemical parameters were examined.

Results

The HF and HF+CHO diets resulted in an increase in body insulin resistance, high blood TG, high blood cholesterol and high blood LDL, with the HF+CHO resulting in larger changes than the HF diet. Furthermore, the HF+CHO diet led to a decrease in HDL, making it the most dangerous diet. However, the HF+HP diet also led to increased blood sugar and some insulin resistance.

Conclusions

Our findings indicate that the levels of fat and cholesterol should be carefully considered in future diet formulations for patients with or at risk of metabolic syndrome. A high protein diet may reduce the risk of insulin resistance and serum lipid level elevation, but its effects on kidney function remain unknown.
VIDEOJUEGOS Y VIOLENCIA: UNA REVISIÓN DE LA LÍNEA DE INVESTIGACIÓN DE LOS EFECTOS
Authors: García Cernaz Santiago
Published: November 2019

Los videojuegos son una actividad lúdica que tiene un lugar de privilegio en la vida cotidiana de las niñas, niños y jóvenes de las sociedades contemporáneas. Desde que hicieron su aparición hace algunas décadas, los contenidos violentos, presentes en un gran número de ellos, han despertado profundas controversias. Así, múltiples estudios se han llevado a cabo con el objetivo de determinar cuáles son los efectos de estos contenidos en los niños y jóvenes, principales destinatarios de esta propuesta lúdica. El presente artículo tiene como objetivo hacer una revisión de los principales desarrollos teóricos e investigaciones empíricas en psicología que se abocaron al estudio de estos efectos, enmarcándolos en el debate social más amplio en el que han tenido lugar. Se advierte la presencia de un sesgo de publicación y una falta de consenso acerca de la validez de las medidas de agresividad utilizadas. Asimismo, se ofrece una mirada alternativa para problematizar este enfoque.