bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
El control jurisdiccional del TJUE en materia de medidas restrictivas adoptadas en el ámbito de la PESC: El equilibrio entre efectividad y legalidad
Authors: Martín y Pérez de Nanclares José
Published: September 2023

Esta contribución analiza diversas cuestiones derivadas del control judicial ejercido por el Tribunal de Justicia de la Unión Europea, en particular del Tribunal General, en relación con las medidas restrictivas adoptadas por la Unión Europea en el marco de su política exterior y de seguridad común. Como consecuencia de las exigencias derivadas de los principios de Estado de derecho (art. 2 TUE) y de tutela judicial efectiva (art. 47 Carta de Derechos Fundamentales de la UE), la jurisprudencia ha aceptado, en primer lugar, que, junto a los instrumentos procesales típicos previstos por los tratados constitutivos (recurso de anulación y excepción de ilegalidad), quepa también la posibilidad de plantear en este ámbito cuestiones prejudiciales y acciones de reclamación de daños. Y ha exigido, en segundo lugar, el mantenimiento de las garantías básicas del procedimiento, en particular la exigencia de prueba suficiente. No obstante, dadas las peculiaridades de la materia y el margen de apreciación en manos del Consejo, la jurisprudencia ha reconocido también la existencia de particularidades materiales y procesales en el control de legalidad ejercido por el Tribunal de Justicia de la UE. En todo caso, los derechos de la defensa (comunicación de los elementos de prueba, acceso al expediente, derecho a ser oído y derecho al reexamen periódico) juegan un papel básico en el control de legalidad de las medidas restrictivas. Se trata, en suma, de una compleja materia en la que la jurisprudencia busca el equilibrio entre la efectividad de la política exterior y de seguridad común de la Unión prevista por los tratados constitutivos y la exigencia de legalidad de las medidas en cuestión.
El difícil camino hacia la regulación de la lucha contra la coerción económica en la Unión Europea
Authors: López-Jurado Romero de la Cruz Carmen
Published: September 2023

Entre las nuevas herramientas de la política comercial autónoma de la UE, en aplicación del concepto de la autonomía estratégica abierta, destaca el importante Instrumento de lucha contra la coerción económica por parte de terceros países. En el momento actual este reglamento se encuentra en fase de propuesta legislativa de la Comisión, habiendo adoptado tanto el Parlamento Europeo como el Consejo sus respectivos mandatos de negociación en primera lectura. El presente trabajo analiza los principales aspectos que serán regulados en este futuro reglamento de la UE, incidiendo en las diferentes posiciones que se están produciendo entre las Instituciones comunitarias a este respecto, así como su legalidad a la luz del Derecho internacional público y el de la Organización Mundial del Comercio.
Tax rulings y ayudas de Estado: Principales implicaciones de la jurisprudencia de los tribunales de la Unión Europea
Authors: Piernas Lopez Juan Jorge
Published: September 2023

El presente estudio analiza la jurisprudencia de los tribunales europeos dictada en relación con las decisiones de la Comisión Europea en materia de ayudas estatales sobre decisiones fiscales anticipadas o “tax rulings”. Con ese fin, el trabajo describe, en primer lugar, el contexto en el que las decisiones fueron adoptadas y su contenido principal. En segundo lugar, el estudio analiza las sentencias del Tribunal General relativas a las decisiones finales negativas adoptadas por la Comisión en los asuntos Apple, FIAT, Belgium Excess Profit, Starbucks, Amazon, Engie y UK CFC. En tercer lugar, se analiza la jurisprudencia del Tribunal de Justicia, y particularmente la sentencia de Gran Sala en el asunto FIAT. A continuación, se exponen las principales implicaciones de la jurisprudencia analizada. Finalmente, se incluyen una serie de consideraciones a modo de conclusión. El trabajo concluye que la jurisprudencia de los tribunales europeos analizada no sólo es relevante para la disciplina de ayudas estatales sino que lo es también para comprender el alcance de la competencia de los Estados miembros en el ámbito tributario, reforzada por la jurisprudencia reciente del Tribunal de Justicia en formación de Gran Sala.
Caja de herramientas de experimentación de los reguladores
Authors:   Nesta,   Science Practice,   Centre for Regulatory Innovation
Published: September 2023

Tomar decisiones en un contexto de incertidumbre representa un desafío constante para los reguladores que trabajan en innovación. A fin de reducir la incertidumbre y mejorar la toma de decisiones regulatorias, los reguladores emplean diferentes enfoques para recopilar información útil sobre nuevos productos y procesos. Los enfoques tradicionales, como la revisión de investigaciones existentes o consultas públicas, han mostrado un alcance apropiado pero limitado con respecto a las complejidades involucradas en la innovación regulatoria. Por el contrario, los enfoques experimentales permiten identificar mejor los mecanismos involucrados en la innovación regulatoria y pueden brindar información útil para los reguladores. La caja de herramientas de experimentación de los reguladores, que ofrece una guía práctica para identificar, diseñar y llevar a cabo experimentos regulatorios, incluye dos secciones: experimentos regulatorios y sandboxes regulatorios. Los experimentos regulatorios son pruebas o ensayos de nuevos productos, servicios, enfoques o procesos diseñados para generar información sobre regímenes regulatorios. Por su parte, los sandboxes regulatorios son instalaciones creadas y controladas por un regulador para permitir la ejecución de experimentos con nuevos productos o procesos antes de su ingreso al mercado. En la primera sección, la caja de herramientas guía a los reguladores para identificar oportunidades de experimentación y de diseño y ejecución de un experimento. La segunda sección aclara el concepto de sandboxes y su relevancia para los reguladores y proporciona consejos prácticos para su implementación. La caja de herramientas concluye con un glosario, referencias y recursos adicionales para apoyar la experimentación regulatoria.
Dimensionamento de alvenaria estrutural de um edifício multi-pavimentos em situação de incêndio: normatização nacional x internacional
Authors: Silva Leonete Cristina de Araújo Ferreira Medeiros , Ó Mateus Bruno Silva do
Published: September 2023

A alvenaria estrutural é um sistema construtivo no qual as paredes exercem função estrutural. A normatização brasileira não contempla requisitos para o dimensionamento do projeto estrutural desse sistema construtivo em situações de incêndio. Assim, o presente trabalho teve como objetivo dimensionar um projeto de um edifício de quatro pavimentos, seguindo os critérios normativos brasileiros inserindo, onde houvesse omissão, aspectos normativos internacionais para incêndios. Foram realizadas todas as etapas do dimensionamento segundo o método tabular e o método analítico simplificado de cálculo e, além disso, foi feita uma análise comparativa dos principais processos descritos em ambas a normas estudadas. O método tabular mostrou que para as especificidades do projeto a espessura mínima da parede para resistir ao tempo requerido de resistência ao fogo de 30 minutos é de 100 mm, sendo atendida pela espessura utilizada em projeto de 140 mm, o método analítico de cálculo simplificado apresentou uma diferença percentual entre a força resistente de cálculo em situação ambiente e incêndio de cerca de 12,5 %. Contudo, verificou-se que a análise da situação de incêndio é de suma importância no dimensionamento podendo este ser um fator decisivo para determinação da resistência do bloco e, portanto, devendo ser acrescida à norma nacional brasileira vigente.
Influência do excesso de carga no desempenho de estradas com revestimento primário
Authors: Kniphoff Tiago Jungblut , Mattos João Rodrigo Guerreiro
Published: September 2023

As estradas com revestimento primário são fundamentais no escoamento da produção rural e no acesso das comunidades rurais aos centros urbanos, possibilitando assim uma vida de melhor qualidade econômica e social para essa parcela da população. Um dos maiores problemas encontrados nesse tipo de estradas é o afundamento das trilhas de rodas, que são agravados pelo excesso de carga por eixo. No Brasil, trafegar com excesso de carga é uma prática frequente em virtude da inexistência de controle de peso na maioria das estradas do país. Sendo assim, este trabalho tem como objetivo avaliar o efeito do aumento da carga por eixo na tensão vertical no topo do subleito e na redução da vida útil através do fator de equivalência de cargas (FEC) em duas estradas vicinais localizadas em um assentamento no município de São Gabriel-RS. Essas avaliações foram realizadas através da análise das tensões verticais no topo do subleito e do FEC, com utilização de métodos matemáticos e do software SisPav, com a ferramenta AEMC. As análises foram realizadas para os carregamentos de 8,2 tf (padrão), 10 tf e 12 tf e concluiu-se que o aumento do carregamento no eixo gera acréscimo nas tensões verticais no topo do subleito e automaticamente ocasiona diminuição do número N e aumento do FEC, fazendo com que as projeções da vida útil das estradas estudadas tivessem uma redução de aproximadamente 60% para o carregamento de 10 tf e de 80% para o carregamento de 12 tf.
Dismissing a Police officer from service pursuant to Article 41(2)(4) of the Act on the Police and the principle of equal treatment in employment
Authors: Gacek Paweł
Published: September 2023

Niniejszy artykuł został w całości poświęcony problematyce zwolnienia ze służby na podstawie art. 41 ust. 2 pkt 4 ustawy o Policji. Przepis ten uzależnia zwolnienie policjanta od nabycia przez niego prawa do emerytury z tytułu osiągnięcia 30 lat wysługi emerytalnej. Wskazano, że decyzja w tym zakresie ma jednak charakter uznaniowy. Wymaga zatem uwzględnienia zarówno interesu społecznego, jak i słusznego interesu strony. Jednocześnie rozważano, czy rozstrzygnięcie o zwolnieniu policjanta na podstawie art. 41 ust. 2 pkt 4 ustawy o Policji, wydane w granicach uznania administracyjnego, nie narusza zasady równego traktowania w zatrudnieniu, tj. czy w istocie nie jest przejawem dyskryminacji ze względu na wiek funkcjonariusza. W tym zakresie obowiązują bowiem uregulowania zawarte w przepisach prawa Unii Europejskiej, które Rzeczpospolita Polska, jako jej członek, jest zobowiązana respektować. Poddano wobec tego szczegółowej analizie poszczególne przepisy dyrektywy Rady 2000/78/WE z dnia 27 listopada 2000 roku ustanawiającej ogólne warunki ramowe równego traktowania w zakresie zatrudnienia i pracy oraz ustalono, że zwolnienie funkcjonariusza na podstawie art. 41 ust. 2 pkt 4 ustawy o Policji nie może być utożsamiane z przejawem nierównego i dyskryminującego traktowania go z uwagi na osiągnięty wiek, jeśli zwolnienie ma na celu ochronę dobra prawnego, jakim jest interes służby.
Arbitration in sports – respecting the rights of the athlete
Authors: Matuszak Michał
Published: September 2023

We współczesnym sporcie sądownictwo polubowne jest bardzo rozpowszechnione, niemalże zastępuje w niektórych obszarach sądownictwo powszechne. System rozwiązywania sporów w sporcie w dużej mierze opiera się na korzystaniu z polubownych i alternatywnych form, takich jak: mediacje, arbitraż, negocjacje, hybrydy ADR czy procesu koncyliacji. Celem artykułu jest przedstawienie, z jednej strony, zasad oraz podstawy prawnej funkcjonowania sądownictwa polubownego w sporcie, a z drugiej, możliwości dochodzenia przez sportowca swoich praw w takim postępowaniu, ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem problematyki zatrudnienia sportowca. Głównym wnioskiem płynącym z przeprowadzonych badań jest to, że współczesny kształt sądownictwa polubownego w sporcie zapewnia poszanowanie podstawowych praw sportowca, jednakże w tym zakresie postulowane są pewne zmiany.
Suspension of the limitation period of a tax obligation due to initiation of proceedings in matters of revenue offences in light of the most recent judgments of administrative courts
Authors: Pilarczyk Łukasz
Published: September 2023

Celem artykułu jest przeanalizowanie najnowszych orzeczeń sądów administracyjnych dotyczących art. 70 § 6 pkt 1 Ordynacji podatkowej i ustalenie, jak wpłyną one na stosowanie tego przepisu. Przewiduje on bowiem możliwość wstrzymania rozpoczęcia biegu terminu przedawnienia zobowiązania podatkowego lub jego zawieszenia, jeżeli został już rozpoczęty, z dniem wszczęcia postępowania w sprawie o przestępstwo skarbowe lub wykroczenie skarbowe, o którym podatnik został zawiadomiony, jeżeli podejrzenie popełnienia przestępstwa lub wykroczenia wiąże się z niewykonaniem tego zobowiązania. Przepis ten budzi duże wątpliwości co do zasadności swojego obowiązywania z uwagi na brak przekonującego uzasadnienia dla jego obecności w polskim porządku prawa, jak i na wątpliwości dotyczące wykładni jego treści. Grozi on także nadużywaniem jego stosowania przez administrację podatkową. Z tego względu w ostatnich latach sądy administracyjne wydały wiele orzeczeń ograniczających możliwość wykorzystywania tego przepisu przez organy podatkowe. Autor dokonał analizy tez tych orzeczeń, stosując metodę dogmatycznoprawną i odnosząc się przy tym do opinii przedstawicieli doktryny na temat analizowanej instytucji oraz także w pewnym stopniu do danych statystycznych dotyczących jej stosowania. Niestety w opinii autora z dokonanej analizy nie wynika, by przywołane orzeczenia eliminowały ryzyko nadużywania tej instytucji, dlatego autor postuluje konieczność ingerencji ustawodawcy w celu uchylenia przepisu powodującego możliwość naruszania podstawowych praw podatników.
Ostensibility of a loan agreement – commentary to the judgement of the Supreme Court (Civil Chamber) of 26 February 2021, II CSKP 29/21 (partially critical commentary)
Authors: Lewandowska Ewa
Published: September 2023

Przedmiotem glosy jest orzeczenie SN, w którym sąd uchylił wyroki sądów pierwszej i drugiej instancji i przekazał sprawę do ponownego rozpoznania. Glosa, pomimo aprobaty dla rozstrzygnięcia zawartego w wyroku, stanowi krytyczną ocenę szczegółowych argumentów uzasadnienia. Celem podjętych rozważań jest dogmatycznoprawna analiza pozorności (złożenia drugiej stronie za jej zgodą oświadczenia woli dla pozoru) na przykładzie umowy pożyczki. Zwrócono uwagę, że SN wyznaczając kierunek uzupełnienia ustaleń faktycznych, nie powinien sugerować i ograniczać swoich wskazań do jednego tylko rezultatu tych ustaleń. W pracy wykazano, że do stwierdzenia pozorności może dojść po wykluczeniu fałszywości podpisu oraz po dokonaniu wykładni oświadczeń woli stron. Sporządzenie umowy, błędnie nazwanej pożyczką, w zamiarze stron może stanowić np. dokument potwierdzający zawartą wcześniej umowę dotyczącą wspólnej inwestycji i jej rozliczenia. Dopiero po dokonaniu wykładni oświadczeń woli i stwierdzeniu ich pozorności możliwe i pożądane jest dokonanie oceny ewentualnego istnienia innego stosunku prawnego (ukrytego pod umową pozorną).
Tomasz Snarski, Kościół katolicki wobec kary śmierci. Między prawem a filozofią i teologią [Catholic Church against the death penalty. Between law and philosophy and theology], Biblioteka Więzi, Warszawa 2021
Authors: Burdziak Konrad
Published: September 2023

Niniejszy tekst jest recenzją książki T. Snarskiego "Kościół katolicki wobec kary śmierci. Między prawem a filozofią i teologią".
XIV Interdisciplinary Scientific Conference Crucible 2022 “Interdisciplinarity as the key to development”, Lublin, March 24-27, 2022
Authors: Rupniak Łukasz
Published: September 2023

W dniach 24–27 marca 2022 r. w Lublinie odbyła się ogólnopolska XIV Interdyscyplinarna konferencja naukowa TYGIEL 2022 „Interdyscyplinarność kluczem do rozwoju”. Organizatorem cyklu jest Fundacja na rzecz promocji nauki i rozwoju TYGIEL. Głównym celem wydarzenia jest integracja pracowników i przyszłych pracowników naukowych oraz popularyzacja interdyscyplinarnych badań naukowych.
Assessing the State of Preservation After Adaptive Reuse: Three Historic Madrasas in Istanbul-A Case Study
Authors: Kasmo Ruba Tamim , Aytekin Zeynep
Published: September 2023

Heritage buildings serve as witnesses to our past and the keeper of our shared values. While adaptive reuse stands as a sustainable method for effectively preserving and converting them into an active resource for the future, it must be supported by a thorough and multidisciplinary research in order to make informed judgments and implement appropriate solutions. The paper assesses the adaptive reuse of three historic madrasas in Istanbul and examines its impact on their preservation status. The selected madrasas are Mihrimah Sultan (1548), Şemsi Ahmed Paşa (1580), and Kılıç Ali Paşa madrasas (1588). The selected case studies are presented using data from literature, archival research, and field observations, and their adaptive reuse is evaluated using criteria established in the literature. According to the findings, adaptive reuse had a detrimental impact on the cultural significance of these valuable buildings.
Employee Performance in Bank Syariah Indonesia (BSI) Reviewed from Spiritual Intelligence
Authors: Srijani Ninik , Aisyah Siti , Wiranata Roni , Hariani Lilik Sri , Kadeni Kadeni
Published: September 2023

The study aims to analyze spiritual intelligence's impact on employee performance at PT. Bank Syariah is Indonesia's main and sub-branches in East Java, Indonesia. It seeks to enhance understanding of how spiritual resources predict performance beyond conventional measures. Employing explanatory research with a causal approach, the research includes employees from both branches, using a census method for sampling. Data collection involves spiritual intelligence questionnaires and supervisor performance assessments. The research intends to establish a causal link between spiritual intelligence and employee performance. A unique aspect is the integration of spiritual intelligence into employee development and human resource management, validating its holistic incorporation. The research demonstrates a significant correlation between spiritual intelligence and employee performance at both branches. In an Islamic business context, where spirituality holds importance, this study provides fresh insights into the connection between spiritual intelligence and employee performance. The findings can guide management in creating comprehensive strategies that incorporate spiritual aspects, fostering a balanced and productive work environment.
The Impact of Using Smart Infusion Pumps among Nursing Practice
Authors: Algushairy Raoum , Bayahya Haneen , Khayyat Mashael
Published: September 2023

The most prevalent cause of medical injuries is medication errors especially when patients take multiple medications at the same period of time with different doses. One of the technologies that have been developed to improve patient outcomes is the smart infusion pump, which has the ability to identify several programming problems when applied correctly. However, based on existing use, there are contradictory reports on smart pumps' potential to avoid patients' harm in the absence of other features, as well as deliver professional care to patients. This study aimed to understand the experience of nurses when performing smart infusion pumps in their practice, the influence of this technology on their confidence, and how much this technology is trusted to rely on to prevent medical errors. Previous studies focused entirely on longitudinal and quantitative studies, which take a long time and cost a lot. A qualitative study collected from an online survey that contained three types of questions: open-ended questions, closed-ended questions, and rating questions to evaluate participants' answers about smart infusion pumps among their practices in Saudi Arabia hospitals, a survey targeting nursing staff and we got 30 replies. The outcomes have revealed a significant impact of smart infusion pumps on nursing practice.
Total Quality Management (TQM) in Education: School Quality Management for Quality Educational Services at Senior High Schools
Authors: Khasanah Uswatun , Riyanto Yatim , Setyowati Sri
Published: September 2023

TQM can be applied in education for enhancing the quality of educational services. This study aims to analyse school quality management regarding how the Juran Trilogy is applied at schools in East Java, Indonesia. It addresses planning, control, and improvement in quality management. This study uses a qualitative design with triangulation approach. Results show that schools plan education services in accordance with student needs, government policy, and stakeholder’s expectation. In monitoring and evaluating the programs, measurements are used using appropriate methods and periods, then the actual are analysed. In quality improvement, schools take innovations and changes for better improvements. The results of this study indicate that schools can provide good quality education services by using the Juran Trilogy as a quality management tool. However, it is required further studies due to limitations of this research.
The trend of marriage, childbearing, and divorce and its determinants of socioeconomic factors on divorce in Yazd province 2016-2021: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Tavakolian Nastaran , Lotfi Mohammad Hassan , Soodejani Moslem Taheri , Madadizadeh Farzan , Kalantari Foroozandeh
Published: September 2023

Background: In recent decades, families and their stability as an important social institution have changed significantly.
Objective: This study aimed to investigate the marriage trends, childbearing, and divorce changes in Yazd province from 2016 to 2021 to estimate the effect of socioeconomic factors on divorce.
Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was done in 2 phases. In the first phase, an ecological (time trend) was conducted to investigate the 5 yr trend in the occurrence of marriage, childbearing, and divorce, as well as the factors affecting the occurrence of divorce in the second phase. For the second phase of the study, 600 participants were selected. 300 divorced and 300 married applicants were chosen between 2016 and 2021. A binary logistic regression model was used to find the related factors affecting the occurrence of divorce.
Results: The results showed a declining marriage (p = 0.05) and childbearing trend (p = 0.84), as well as an increasing trend in divorces (p = 0.02) in Yazd. Logistic regression analysis showed that college education (OR = 0.22, CI: 0.116-0.430, p < 0.001) and being self-employed (OR = 0.48, CI: 0.255-0.934, p = 0.03) could reduce the odds of divorce. In addition, nonresidents (OR = 2.1, CI: 1.314-3.562, p < 0.001), with > 10-yr age differences (OR = 3.8, CI: 1.803-8.213, p < 0.001) or the woman being older than her husband (OR = 3.4, CI: 1.981-5.848, p < 0.001) could increase the odds of divorce.
Conclusion: Our results confirmed that a combination of socioeconomic characteristics affects the stability of family institutions.
Key words: Family, Marriage, Childbearing, Divorce, Socioeconomic factors.
Corrigendum to “The status of depression and anxiety in infertile Turkish couples” [Iran J Reprod Med 2011; 9: 99-104]
Authors: Kazandi Mert , Gunday Ozlem , Mermer Timucin Kurtulus , Erturk Nuray , Ozkınay Erdinc
Published: September 2023

The publisher has been informed of an error that occurred on page 99 in which the second authors name must be changed to Ozlem Kayacik Gunday. On behalf of the author, the publisher wishes to apologize for this error. The online version of article has been updated on 31 August 2023 and can be found at https://doi.org/10.18502/ijrm.v9i2.104.
Evaluation of Turkish videos about breast self-examination on YouTube
Authors: ULUTAŞ Mehmet Eşref , BALCI Eray
Published: September 2023

Objectives: Breast self-examination (BSE) is very important to early detect breast cancer in women in addition to imaging methods. The easiest way to access information concerning how to perform this examination is undoubtedly the internet, and the most popular platform is YouTube. However, the most important disadvantage of this massive platform is the risk of spreading false information since it cannot be audited. This study aimed to evaluate Turkish videos on BSE on YouTube in terms of quality and content.
Methods: On January 17, 2022, a search was conducted on YouTube using the keyword “breast self-examination”, and the first 210 videos presented on the first five pages were obtained. After applying the study criteria, 156 were included in the sample and evaluated by two general surgeons in terms of educational value, content, and upload source.
Results: Of the 156 videos, 23 were categorized as useful (14.7%) and 133 as misleading (85.3%). When examined according to the upload source group, universities/professional organizations/non-profit physicians/physicians had the highest rate of misleading videos (96.9%), while stand-alone health information websites had the highest rate of useful videos (24%). There was no significant difference between the upload sources in terms of video length, number of views, content score, or quality score.
Conclusions: The number of useful Turkish videos on BSE is very low. Our results indicate the need for more educational and useful videos to be produced, especially by healthcare professionals who use the YouTube platform.
Inequality of digital learning for social sciences: Critical role of strategic management of education
Authors: Rasimin Rasimin , Herwin Herwin , Senen Anwar , Dahalan Shakila Che
Published: September 2023

This study aims to investigate the inequality of digital learning during the pandemic. The focus of the research is on digital learning in the field of social studies which is located in Indonesia. The research method used is qualitative research using observation, interview, and documentary studies that investigate the inequality of online learning in social studies and strategic education management studies conducted by MI teachers. This study concludes that the inequality that occurs is not much different from elementary schools in general. However, MI has the advantage of the competence aspect of its teachers who also have Islamic religious knowledge so that they are able to provide moral support to students and parents who have a central role during digital learning carried out from home. This study has implications for the importance of the government's role as a facilitator and policyholder to support a better learning system to minimize the disparity in digital learning which is increasingly worrying during the pandemic.        

 

Keywords: Education inequalities, online learning, social studies, digital divide, strategic education management.
Japanese Buddhist War Support and the Kanchō System
Authors: Schroeder Jeff
Published: September 2023

When Jōdo Shin Buddhist leaders gathered for a conference in early 1941 to formulate their sect’s wartime response, they did so at the bidding of their sect’s kanchō, or administrative head. To explain organizational dynamics that contributed to patterns of war support by Japanese Buddhists, this article details the state’s imposition of a kanchō system of governance on Buddhist organizations from 1884 to 1945. While Buddhist organizations had leeway in determining the selection process, term length, and specific powers of their kanchō, in all cases extraordinary authority was concentrated in a single individual. This article details how the kanchō system was implemented in major Zen, Jōdo Shin, Jōdo, Shingon, Nichiren, and Tendai organizations; examines the pro-war activities of kanchō prior to and during the Fifteen Years’ War period (1931–1945); and uses the case of the 1941 Shin Doctrinal Studies Conference to illustrate how the autocratic kanchō organizational structure amplified a sect’s most pro-war voices.
Desempenho de alunos bolsistas e não-bolsistas do curso de Ciências Sociais entre 2012 e 2015
Authors: Pires André
Published: September 2023

Introdução/Objetivo: Este artigo analisa o desempenho dos estudantes da Faculdade de Ciências Sociais da PUC-Campinas ingressantes no período de 2012 a 2015. Metodologia: O corpus da investigação compreende 115 alunos que cursaram 5.867 disciplinas no período. São apresentadas informações socioeconômicas dos alunos que ingressaram pelo Vestibular Geral (VG), pelo ProUni e pelo sistema próprio de bolsas da Universidade (Vestibular Social). O desempenho é analisado considerando os alunos formados e os que evadiram do curso. Resultados: Como resultados, evidencia-se que a presença de bolsistas no curso não implica em menores notas ou queda no rendimento do curso. A trajetória dos alunos ao longo do curso variou de forma significativa ao longo dos semestres. Conclusão: Ações relacionadas à permanência podem ser pensadas e executadas considerando oscilações observadas ao longo dos semestres, em que questões como idade, forma de ingresso, tipo de instituição, de curso e currículo devem ser levados em conta.
Análise dos financiamentos em formação avançada na área de Ciências da Educação em Portugal
Authors: Pacheco Emilce , Fonseca Dora Ramos
Published: September 2023

Introdução: Atualmente, a ciência e tecnologia para a inovação ganharam maior relevância, mais investimentos, estudos a aprofundar os conhecimentos sobre os financiamentos para a ciência são imprescindíveis. Objetivo: O presente artigo objetiva analisar o direcionamento às pesquisas financiadas pela Fundação para Ciência e Tecnologia entre os anos de 2018 e 2021, identificando a distribuição de bolsas destinadas à área de Ciências da Educação, comparativamente entre os Domínios Científicos e Áreas Científicas designadas pela fundação. A questão norteadora de pesquisa é:  A forma como a FCT distribui suas bolsas de Doutoramento inviabiliza um processo equânime de produção de ciência entre os Domínios Científicos e Áreas Científicas do Conhecimento? O artigo analisa o tema financiamento da ciência, com foco na Ciência da Educação e a disputa em torno da sua produção e apropriação pelos Domínios e Áreas Científicas do Conhecimento. Metodologia: Trata-se de uma pesquisa documental baseada em dados coletados da página eletrônica da FCT, de abordagem quantitativa, analisada por meio de estatística descritiva. Resultados: Os dados demonstraram que o Domínio Científico que recebe o maior quantitativo de bolsas é o de Ciências Exatas e das Engenharias e a Área de Ciências da Educação, comparativamente as outras áreas, está em 19ª posição das 36 áreas que recebem bolsas. Existem diferenças significativas na distribuição de bolsas entre os Domínios e Áreas Científicas. Conclusão: Sustentados pela literatura que investiga a área, considera-se que os financiamentos seguem uma lógica de agendas pré-definidas, ou seja, o investimento no conhecimento instrumental é mais importante pois beneficia as questões do mercado econômico.
Perfil dos estudantes que evadiram do curso de Administração da Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina durante a pandemia da Covid-19
Authors: Steffens Silva Taylon Brutus , Sasaki Vasques Pacheco Andressa , Schlickmann Raphael
Published: September 2023

Objetivo: O presente estudo tem por objetivo identificar o perfil dos estudantes que abandonaram os cursos de administração, diurno e noturno, da Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC) durante a pandemia da Covid-19. Metodologia: Para tanto, foi realizado um estudo transversal e descritivo através da utilização de dados secundário gerados pelo Sistema de Controle Acadêmico da Graduação (CAGR). Resultados: Verificou-se que 193 abandonos durante a pandemia, sendo 74 do curso diurno e 119 do curso noturno. Conclusão: O perfil dos evasores era predominante composto de estudantes do sexo masculino, brancos, entre 22 e 26 anos que residiam na região metropolitana de Florianópolis. Além disso, também pode-se concluir que a maioria dos estudantes eram pertencentes ao curso noturno, haviam cursado 1 semestre antes da pandemia e ingressaram por meio da classificação geral do concurso vestibular.
Interdisciplinary education in the context of protection of water resources: A case study in Vietnam
Authors: Dung Tang Minh , Nga Nguyen Thi , Thanh Lam Thien
Published: September 2023

The incorporation of interdisciplinary education, a topic of significant global interest, is increasingly being recognized as a key aspect of educational innovation in Vietnam. This recognition extends to several fields, including STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics) education.This research aims to design and implement a STEM situation associated with the context of water protection in Vietnam for 10th-grade students in which students mobilize the knowledge of Physics (specific gravity, Archimedes' principle) and Mathematics (volume) to design a salinometer. This device measures the salinity of the water. The research methodology is based on the observed increase in saline levels in the coastal regions of Vietnam in recent years, which has had a substantial impact on agriculture and the livelihoods of millions of people. This methodology aims to provide realistic scenarios for students to address and resolve these problems. A total of forty students in the 10th grade were involved in a teaching situation that consisted of five distinct phases. Forty 10th-grade students participated in a teaching situation conducted in five phases. The results showed that the situation helped students strengthen and connect their physics and mathematics knowledge, create a vibrant learning atmosphere, enhance communication, and develop problem-solving competency. Furthermore, the teaching situation also needs to be revised regarding the measurement practices of Vietnamese students. The situation contributes to educating students' awareness of current events, protecting Vietnamese water resources, and the importance of sustainable development. In addition, we can use the same teaching process as in this research to develop other STEM teaching situations.
Integration of STEAM and ESD: Improving the understanding of fluid concepts and creativity
Authors: Khoiri Nur , Roshayanti Fenny , Widarti Rezki
Published: September 2023

The aim of this study was to develop a learning model that integrated ESD-oriented STEAM with fluid ideas to produce ESD-oriented STEAM-based learning. This study employs the Borg and Gall model which is simplified into three steps. The effectiveness and documentation were evaluated using questionnaires for experts and educational practitioners, observation sheets for student creativity and pre- and post-test sheets. The data analysis involves both quantitative and qualitative methods. The findings demonstrated the characteristics of STEAM-based physics learning tools including increased creativity and student learning outcomes. Analyzing how ESD-focused STEAM-based learning resources are used in the developed fluid material yields beneficial results. Student learning outcomes increased in the moderate category.  The average score for student creativity was 86.12% in the very good category showing that the usage of learning resources including worksheets based on STEAM subjects and ESD was successful in enhancing creativity and student learning outcomes. This study has implications for improving student interest in physics education. The findings of this study can also be used to advise curriculum designers to incorporate this model for physics teachers to use while instructing physics in their courses.
Anemik Preterm Bebeklerde Copeptin, Mid-Regional Proadrenomedullin ve N-Terminal Pro-Beyin Natriüretik Peptit Düzeylerinin Değerlendirilmesi: Prospektif Klinik Çalışma
Authors: BARSAN KAYA Tuğba , AYDEMİR Ozge , SÜRMELİ ONAY Özge , TEKİN Ayşe Neslihan
Published: September 2023

Yoğun bakım ihtiyacı olan prematüre yenidoğanlar en sık transfüzyon yapılan hasta grupları arasındadır. Literatürde transfüzyon kararını vermekte kullanılan kriterler ve bu kriterlerin sonuçlarını inceleyen çalışmalar olsa da transfüzyon endikasyonları konusunda net bir fikir birliği yoktur. Bu çalışmanın amacı anemik bebeklerde transfüzyon ihtiyacını belirlemede kalp debisindeki değişikliklere duyarlı olan NT-proBNP, copeptin ve MR-proADM düzeylerinin kullanılabilirliğini değerlendirmektir. Yenidoğan yoğun bakım ünitesinde izlenmekte olan ve eritrosit transfüzyonu ihtiyacı olan 24 preterm bebek Transfüzyon grubu ve yenidoğan yoğun bakım ünitesinde izlenen, hematokrit (Hct)>%25 olan ve transfüzyon endikasyonu olabilecek klinik bulgusu olmayan 23 preterm bebek Kontrol Grubuna olarak çalışmaya dahil edildi. Transfüzyon grubunda transfüzyon öncesi ve sonrası copeptin, NT-ProBNP ve MR-proADM düzeyleri arasında fark saptanmadı (p değeri sırasıyla 0,44, 0,64, 0,41). Transfüzyon grubunun transfüzyon öncesi copeptin, NT-proBNP, ve MR-proADM düzeyleri kontrol grubunun düzeyleri ile kıyaslandığında anlamlı fark saptanmadı (sırasıyla p=0,85, 0,75, 0,88). Hemoglobin düzeyi 8 mg/dl altında olan hastalarda copeptin, NT-ProBNP ve MR-proADM düzeyleri Hb düzeyi >8mg/dl iken transfüzyon yapılanlar ve kontrol grubuna göre sayısal olarak yaklaşık 2 kat yüksek bulunmasına rağmen gruplar arasındaki fark istatistiksel olarak anlamlı değildi (p değeri sırasıyla 0,15, 0,47, 0,57). Çalışma grubunun semptomatik, asemptomatik alt gruplarının kontrol grubu ile birlikte olan analizinde copeptin, NT-ProBNP ve MR-proADM düzeyleri açısından fark saptanmadı (p değeri sırasıyla 0,81, 0,99, 0,93). Serolojik belirteçler pek çok durumda yol göstericidir ancak çalışmamızda yer alan Copeptin, NT-proBNP ve MD-proADM’in anemide, transfüzyon kararı vermede kullanışlı olmadığı kanaatine varılmıştır.
Warehouse Operations in Bangladesh – Challenges and It’s Future Prospects
Authors: Saleheen Ferdoush , Habib Md. Mamun , Bvepfepfe Benjamin
Published: September 2023

This study investigates the challenges and opportunities surrounding warehouse operations in Bangladesh, encompassing both the manufacturing and service sectors. This paper demonstrates above mentioned scenario in the context of supply chain management (SCM). Despite enduring a series of disruptions, including the pandemic and geopolitical tensions, notably the situation between Ukraine and Russia, the Bangladeshi economy has displayed remarkable resilience. In the fiscal year 2019-20, there was a significant decline in GDP growth, dropping from 7.88 percent in the pre-pandemic year to 3.45 percent. However, there was a notable resurgence in GDP growth, surging to 6.94 percent in FY 2020-21 and further rising to 7.10 percent in FY 2021-22. Unfortunately, the economic growth for FY 2022-23 has been impeded by the Russia-Ukraine crisis. The Gross Domestic Product (GDP) of an economy is a composite of contributions from three key sectors: agriculture, industry, and services. As the economic landscape evolves, the significance of the agriculture sector diminishes, while the industrial sector gains prominence. This research is developed based on primary and secondary data sources, encompassing online databases, journals, review papers, and more. The primary data collection includes a comprehensive survey questionnaire completed by 207 respondents from 24 industrial sectors in Bangladesh. The study addresses multiple challenges faced by warehouse operations and offers recommendations for best practices and a strategic way forward in the global arena for Bangladesh, where priorities such as achieving net-zero emissions, sustainability, and the adoption of lean warehouse operations are paramount. Furthermore, the study advocates for the implementation of the Integrated Supply Chain Performance Measurement (ISCPM) model, along with its ten attributes, as an integral component of adopting global best practices for practitioners, which would unlock further research to develop this sector.
The effect of premium income, expenses claim, and underwriting on profitability of Indonesia joint enterprises insurance companies
Authors: Markonah Markonah , Riwayati Hedwigis Esti , Kumalasari Riska
Published: September 2023

Purpose – This research has purposes to scrutinize over the role of premium income, expenses claim and underwriting results towards profitability of Indonesia Joint Enterprises Insurance Companies.
Design/methodology/approach – The sample used is general insurance company that presents complete financial statements during 2018-2021 and listed by Otoritas Jasa Keuangan through its official website. Purposive sampling used as sampling technique with several samples are 48 data. Panel data regression used as analysis technique which then processed by Eviews-9 application.
Findings – Its results showed that only underwriting results which significantly affect on profitability, while the others variables such as premium income had significantly negative affect on profitability so did with the expense claims which turn out had no affect towards profitability. At the level of significance (α = 0.05), it has small effect, while at the significance level of (α = 0.10), the expense claims seem had significant negative affect on profitability of Indonesia general insurance industry.
Research limitations/implications – This research has certainly limitations such as the research object used relatively small only the joint general insurance companies which submitted complete financial reports which are listed by Otoritas Jasa Keuangan and followed by the company’s official website.
Practical implications – This research indicates that those companies are noticed about an increase in premiums, but on the other hand they have also received many claims, therefore those premiums will be diverted to finance the claims which occur lately, then this certainly would decrease an income or profitability of the insurance company itself.
Originality/value – This research also has a different research object and research period compared to previous research, therefore it can be used as a complement the research which have done before.
Novel Data Analyses Explain the Birth-Cohort Phenomenon of Peptic Ulcers
Authors: Dong Simon Xin Min
Published: September 2023

Background: In 1962, Susser and Stein observed that the mortality rates of peptic ulcers in England and Wales increased markedly in the 1910s, maintained at a high level during the 1910s-1940s, and began to decline steadily since the early 1950s. They termed this epidemic pattern a birth-cohort phenomenon, but its mechanism has never been elucidated. Susser and Stein speculated that the occurrences of extraordinary social environmental factors roughly fit the fluctuations, but the role of environmental factors in peptic ulcers has never been identified. Objectives: This study aims to elucidate the mechanism of the birth-cohort phenomenon of peptic ulcers and identify the role of environmental factors in the disease. Methods: Starting from an etiology identified recently, this study uses the two inverse operations in calculus, differentiation, and integration, to analyze the existing data. First, a fluctuation curve in the birth-cohort phenomenon is differentiated into multiple annual mortality rates caused by individual environmental factors. Second, these annual mortality rates are integrated to reproduce the fluctuation curve in the birth-cohort phenomenon. Results: The differentiation reveals a parallel relationship between the psychological impacts of environmental factors and the mortality rates of peptic ulcers, whereas the integration reproduces a representative fluctuation curve in the birth-cohort phenomenon. The successive occurrences of multiple social environmental factors from the 1910s to 1940s maintained the increase in mortality rates, while the sustained improvements in living environments explained the steady decline of the mortality rates from the early 1950s. Conclusion: The parallel relationship suggests a causal role of environmental factors in peptic ulcers, whereas the reproduction of a representative fluctuation curve indicates that multiple environmental factors caused the birth-cohort phenomenon by Superposition Mechanism. Significantly, this study challenges the current reductionist approach used to study disease in modern medicine by demonstrating the effectiveness of an opposite methodological concept focused on integration.
The Biofactory: Quantifying Life Cycle Sustainability Impacts of the Wastewater Circular Economy in Chile
Authors: Furness Madeline Frances , Bello Mendoza Ricardo , Chamy Rolando
Published: September 2023

The wastewater circular economy (WW-CE) promises a solution to improve water and sanitation management worldwide. However, the transition from conventional to circular wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) requires facilitation to aid in decision makers understanding of integral sustainability impacts of alternative WW-CE configurations. This research implemented Life Cycle Sustainability Assessment (LCSA), combining Life Cycle Assessment, Social Life Cycle Assessment and Life Cycle Costing with a Multi-criteria Decision Making (MCDM) model to quantify environmental, socio-cultural, and economic impacts of conventional WWTPs with the WW-CE. Two real WWTPs in Chile have embraced the WW-CEs and adopting the title of Biofactories. These were considered as case studies, compared under three scenarios to demonstrate the sustainability trade-offs of the transition from no sanitation to conventional WWTPs and Biofactory WW-CE configurations. Results demonstrated that the transition to WW-CEs improved integral sustainability according to the LCSA model implemented in both WWPTs. This study highlights the urgent need to adopt sustainable decision-making models to not only improve sanitation coverage, but also improve sustainability performance of the sanitation industry across the globe.
Unbounded Donoho-Stark-Elad-Bruckstein-Ricaud-Torrésani Uncertainty Principle
Authors: KRISHNA K. MAHESH
Published: September 2023

Let $(\Omega, \mu)$, $(\Delta, \nu)$ be measure spaces. Let $(\{f_\alpha\}_{\alpha\in \Omega}, \{\tau_\alpha\}_{\alpha\in \Omega})$ and $(\{g_\beta\}_{\beta\in \Delta}, \{\omega_\beta\}_{\beta\in \Delta})$ be unbounded continuous 1-Schauder frames for a Banach space $\mathcal{X}$. Then for every $x \in ( \mathcal{D}(\theta_f) \cap\mathcal{D}(\theta_g))\setminus\{0\}$, we show that \begin{align}\label{UB} \mu(\operatorname{supp}(\theta_f x))\nu(\operatorname{supp}(\theta_g x)) \geq \frac{1}{\left(\displaystyle\sup_{\alpha \in \Omega, \beta \in \Delta}|f_\alpha(\omega_\beta)|\right)\left(\displaystyle\sup_{\alpha \in \Omega , \beta \in \Delta}|g_\beta(\tau_\alpha)|\right)}. \end{align} where \begin{align*} &\theta_f:\mathcal{D}(\theta_f) \ni x \mapsto \theta_fx \in \mathcal{L}^1(\Omega, \mu); \quad \theta_fx: \Omega \ni \alpha \mapsto (\theta_fx) (\alpha):= f_\alpha (x) \in \mathbb{K},\\ &\theta_g: \mathcal{D}(\theta_g) \ni x \mapsto \theta_gx \in \mathcal{L}^1(\Delta, \nu); \quad \theta_gx: \Delta \ni \beta \mapsto (\theta_gx) (\beta):= g_\beta (x) \in \mathbb{K}. \end{align*} We call Inequality (\ref{UB}) as \textbf{Unbounded Donoho-Stark-Elad-Bruckstein-Ricaud-Torr\'{e}sani Uncertainty Principle}. Along with recent \textbf{Functional Continuous Uncertainty Principle} (derived in [arXiv:2308.00312v1 [math.FA], 1 August 2023]), Inequality (\ref{UB}) also improves Ricaud-Torr\'{e}sani uncertainty principle \textit{[IEEE Trans. Inform. Theory, 2013]}. In particular, it improves Elad-Bruckstein uncertainty principle \textit{[IEEE Trans. Inform. Theory, 2002]} and Donoho-Stark uncertainty principle \textit{[SIAM J. Appl. Math., 1989]}.