bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Eventual Durability
Authors: Kashi Tejasvi , Salem Kenneth , Kim Jaemyung , Daudjee Khuzaima
Published: February 2025

For latency-critical transactional applications, durability is often what limits performance. That is, executing transactions is fast, but guaranteeing that they are durable is slow. As a result, most of each transaction's latency is attributable to durability. To address this problem, some database systems allow applications to sacrifice durability guarantees in exchange for lower transaction latencies. These ad hoc techniques are effective, but they can make it difficult for applications to understand and manage the risks associated with failures.

In this paper, our goal is to offer a more principled foundation for these kinds of performance/durability tradeoffs. The major obstacle to doing this is the transaction model itself, because it couples transaction durability with transaction commit. That is, the model defines a single point at which a transaction becomes visible and durable. This forces all transaction guarantees to wait for the slowest one, which is often durability.

The primary contribution of this work is a new
eventually durable
transaction model, which decouples commit from durability. Transactions commit first, and become durable later. We argue for making this model the basis of the contract between transactional data systems and applications. We describe what it means to correctly implement eventually durable transactions, and consider how they can be exposed to applications. We also describe a prototype implementation of eventual durability in PostgreSQL, and show that it enables applications to reduce transaction latencies while managing the durability risks.
MTSClean: Efficient Constraint-Based Cleaning for Multi-Dimensional Time Series Data
Authors: Ding Xiaoou , Song Yichen , Wang Hongzhi , Wang Chen , Yang Donghua
Published: February 2025

The widespread existence of time series data in information systems poses significant challenges to data cleaning due to its quality issues, particularly the complex interdependencies among attributes and the persistence of errors. Existing semantic constraints, such as conditional regression rules and speed constraints, though helpful, remain insufficient for this task. This paper introduces two novel online cleaning methods: MTSClean and MTSClean-
soft
, designed to improve cleaning efficiency and robustness. By combining row and column constraints, we significantly accelerate the cleaning process, reducing the time complexity of the exact solution MTSClean from
O
((
NM
)
3.5
|Σ|) to
O
(
NM
3.5
|Σ|). Meanwhile, MTSClean-
soft
achieves
O
(
NM
2
) and more precise repairs through optimized search for key cells and a novel repair cost function. Comparative experiments against nine benchmark methods highlight our approach's superiority in multiple metrics, completing cleaning tasks faster and performing better than state-of-the-art methods. This demonstrates the practicality and advantage of the proposed methods in cleaning multidimensional time series data.
Doing and Being Done: The Definitional Primacy of the Active Power in Metaphysics Θ 1
Authors: Perry Emily , Hobbs Landon
Published: February 2025

In Metaphysics Θ 1, Aristotle claims that the active power is definitionally prior to the passive power. Commentators have been puzzled by this claim, because the definitions appear, and seemingly should be, symmetric. However, their attempts to address this difficulty are dissatisfying, for commentators have not adequately appreciated what the difficulty is: they show (at most) how every kind of active power can be definitionally prior to every kind of passive power, but do not address how the active power as such can be definitionally prior to the passive power as such. We undertake three tasks. First, we clarify the puzzle, demonstrating that it is the claim that the active power as such is definitionally prior to the passive power as such that stands in need of justification. Second, we defend a reading of the definitions which dissolves the appearance of symmetry. Third, we explain why the view that the active power is prior to the passive is philosophically attractive.
Revealing the interfacial dynamics of Escherichia coli growth and biofilm formation with integrated micro- and macro-scale approaches
Authors: Kim Haneum , Jeon Eunseo , Park Jeongmi , Lee Kibaek , Lee Doojin
Published: February 2025

Bacterial biofilms present significant challenges across microbiology, environmental science, water management, and healthcare. This study employs Quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring (QCM-D) and interfacial rheology system (IRS) for in situ analysis of Escherichia coli biofilm growth and viscoelastic properties. By monitoring biofilm development at both bulk and micro scales in real-time, we identified three distinct growth phases: surface attachment and initial growth, maturation, and dispersion. Optimal biofilm formation occurred in Luria-Bertani medium medium at 5% (v/v) inoculation, as indicated by high complex viscosity and modulus values of 5.38 mPa·s and high complex modulus of 169.13 kPa. IRS data corroborated these findings, showing consistent elastic and viscous behavior patterns, with the storage modulus (G′) reaching 0.057 Pa·m and loss modulus (G″) peaking at 0.016 Pa·m during the maturation phase. Our results highlight the sensitivity of QCM-D in measuring biofilm properties and the effectiveness of using combined micro- and macro-scale methods for comprehensive biofilm characterization.
Towards a~better understanding of 𝒞𝑝 functions and definable 𝒞𝑝 functions of several variables
Authors: Pierzchała Rafał
Published: February 2025

Building on some classical techniques in approximation theory of functions of one variable, we obtain new results concerning

C
p

\mathcal{C}^{p}

functions and definable (e.g., semialgebraic)

C
p

\mathcal{C}^{p}

functions of several variables.
The starting point for our work is the following vague problem: can

C
p

\mathcal{C}^{p}

smoothness be tested on lines in

R
N

\mathbb{R}^{N}

parallel to the coordinate axes?
Specific aspects of this problem are investigated both in general setting and in o-minimal setting.
Of course, the behaviour of a function is not examined separately on each line, but it should be uniformly controlled (for otherwise, we cannot expect any positive answers to the problem).
All the main results of the paper are accompanied by numerous examples and counterexamples.
Multiobjective optimization of EDM machining parameters of TIB2 ceramic materials using regression and gray relational analysis
Authors: Shanmugam Karthik , Annamalai Sivakumar , Thangaraj Nathiya
Published: February 2025

The aerospace industry widely uses titanium diboride, a tough material that is challenging to machine using conventional methods. We, therefore, process titanium diboride (TiB₂) to determine the best process parameters for electrical discharge machining for TiB₂. The study compares four electrode materials: brass, copper, tungsten, and tungsten copper. In addition, water-based deionized (DI) dielectric fluids are studied, and the input parameters are changed to measure the fluctuations of the output parameters through experimental studies and gain insights into the material removal rate (MRR), tool wear rate (TWR), surface roughness (SR), and overcut during machining of titanium diboride. We then verify this result using gray relational analysis and a regression model. Based on these results, we confirm that the discharge current is the most important factor affecting the MRR and SR. The copper electrode achieves a higher MRR, while the tungsten copper-based electrode leads to a lesser TWR. A copper electrode achieves better SR, while tungsten electrodes with DI water-based dielectric fluid show a lower overcut value. After machining, we used SEM to check the surface quality and elemental makeup and to see if there were any microstructural changes, like craters, recast layers, and maybe even microcracks, that were caused by the high-energy discharge process.
One-step spark plasma sintering infiltration of B4C/Al functionally graded materials
Authors: Xu Chang-Ming , Chen Wen-Tong , Wang Yaxin , Ran Songlin
Published: February 2025

Near fully-dense B4C/Al functionally graded materials were prepared by a one-step spark plasma sintering infiltration technique. Microstructural examination and X-ray diffraction analysis indicated that no observable reaction occurred between B4C and Al during the spark plasma sintering infiltration process. The Vicker’s hardness of the as-prepared B4C/Al material exhibited a gradient decrease from the highest value of 30.5 GPa to the lowest of 1.1 GPa, demonstrating an excellent hardness gradient. This typical processing method could serve as an alternative strategy for fabricating similar ceramic/metal functionally graded materials systems, which consist of major compositions with significant melting point differences.
Physiological regulation of moderate-intensity exercise in improving the biomarkers visfatin and myonectin as a modulator of increasing metabolic performance in obese
Authors: Sugiharto  , Pranoto Adi , Ihsan Nurul , Goenawan Hanna , Merawati Desiana , Rejeki Purwo Sri , Siantoro Gigih , Widyatama Fikri Sasongko , Angga Prayogi Dwina
Published: February 2025

Objectives

A well-structured, regular, and programmed physical exercise regimen is believed to be an effective physiological modulator for preventing the dysfunction of myonectin and visfatin secretion. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the physiological regulation of moderate-intensity programmed exercise in improving myonectin and visfatin biomarkers in obese women.

Methods

The study involved 30 physically healthy obese women, nonathletes, selected based on predetermined criteria, who voluntarily agreed to participate. They were then divided into two groups: a control group (CRT; n=15) and a programmed exercise group (ART; n=15). The exercise program lasted for 8 weeks, with a frequency of 5 times per week at moderate intensity. Metabolic performance was analyzed using the myonectin and visfatin biomarkers with the Sandwich-ELISA method. Data analysis was conducted using parametric paired sample t-tests and independent sample t-tests at a 5 % significance level.

Results

The study results showed a significant increase in myonectin secretion and a decrease in visfatin secretion (p≤0.05) after 8 weeks of programmed exercise, demonstrated by an increase in myonectin of 97.85 pg/mL and a decrease in visfatin of 0.05 ng/mL. Conversely, in the control group, myonectin decreased by 3.04 pg/mL, and visfatin increased by 0.03 ng/mL.

Conclusions

These findings confirm that an 8-week programmed exercise regimen can improve the secretion of myonectin and visfatin biomarkers, thereby enhancing metabolic performance in obese women. Thus, myonectin and visfatin biomarkers induced by programmed exercise serve as modulators for enhancing metabolic performance in obese women.
‘Why do they not want to play with me?’: a multimodal critical discourse analysis of the construction of colourism in cartoon films
Authors: Otaif Fahad Ahmed , Asiri Amal
Published: February 2025

Multimodal discourse is an influential way of social communication where thoughts, ideology, and cultural perspectives, including superiority and racism, are conveyed. The current study is a critical multimodal discourse analysis of the ‘Ugly Duckling’ video cartoons that were designed to be shown internationally for children’s TV entertainment. While the textual comparison has revealed that the theme of physical ugliness has almost multiplied four times in the English translation of the story than it was first introduced in Danish by Hans Christian Andersen in 1843, the critical multimodal analysis of the ‘Ugly Duckling’ cartoons has shown the intertwined use of verbal and visual elements to construct the meaning of racist social rejection and colourism. The multimodal discourse of racial exclusion and colourism employed several tools including lexical choices, textual narrative, colour, angles, size and the positioning of characters on the cartoon screen. Cartoon filmmakers are recommended to take a critical stance towards the multimodal narratives they (re)produce to help avoid producing material that may bring about social discrimination against people of different races and colours. Children of all races should be able to observe positive reflections of themselves and feel empowered through the multi-ethnic stories they watch and engage with daily.
Conserving the Historic Stone Walls of New England
Authors: Thorson Robert
Published: February 2025

Policies for conserving and interpreting historic sites in New England are well established. This is not the case for the region’s most salient historic feature: the extensive and nearly ubiquitous latticework of drystone walls dating mainly from the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. For these iconic structures, there is only a hodgepodge of extant laws, ordinances, zoning regulations, and management guides for public properties at the local, state, and federal levels. Regulations for private property are very limited. This article recommends a stepwise approach to the conservation and interpretation of New England’s stone walls that considers their historic, archaeologic, ecologic, aesthetic, and geologic values while remaining respectful of the presence of Indigenous stonework.
Revolutionary History
Authors: Dong Cheryl X.
Published: February 2025

In the late 1960s and early 1970s, the Black Panther Community News Service became a major vehicle that showcased the Black Panther Party’s engagement with historical narratives, memory, and commemoration. The work done by the Black Panther Party should be read as a public history project that became a critical part of the organization’s community survival programs. Through the newspaper, the Black Panthers interwove their own stories into a larger narrative of Black history, situating themselves as inheritors and innovators of a heritage tradition that goes back centuries. That history was both global and international in scale as well as intimately local.
Aktualne znaczenie prawa spadkowego oraz w czasach uchwalania Kodeksu cywilnego – wybrane zagadnienia
Authors:   Uniwersytet w Białymstoku, Dyszkiewicz Dorota
Published: February 2025

The aim of the article is to indicate the current significance of the inheritance law and at the time of the enactment of the Civil Code. Currently, inheritance law plays a much more important role than at the time of the enactment of the applicable provisions. Factors determining the current shape of the inheritance law will be indicated. The phenomena mentioned in the article were less common at the time of the enactment of the Civil Code than at present, which leads to the need to look at the significance of the inheritance law in the perspective of two time frames. In the article, only selected aspects concerning the significance of the inheritance law will be discussed. The threads will concern the provisions of the Constitution of the Polish People’s Republic (in force at the time of the enactment of the Civil Code), the provisions of the currently applicable Constitution of the Republic of Poland, the function of the inheritance law (i.e. the function of protecting property, the function of protecting persons close to the testator, the alimony function, the socio-economic function) and significant amendments to the inheritance law (i.e. of 18th October 2015 and 15th November 2023). The analysis of constitutional regulations will primarily concern property and the inheritance law. Considerations on the amendments to the inheritance law will help in assessing individual solutions in terms of protecting private interests. An attempt will be made to answer the question of whether the functions of the inheritance law assumed in the 1960s are functions actually implemented in the realities of the modern world (including the free market economy system). The article will be based primarily on the formal-dogmatic and historical-legal methods. The functional method will be used to a small extent. The considerations will be supplemented by the case law of the Constitutional Tribunal and the Supreme Court.
W stulecie zamachu na prezydenta Stanisława Wojciechowskiego. Sprawa Stanisława Steigera w świetle lwowskich materiałów archiwalnych
Authors:   Uniwersytet Gdański, Wałdoch Jacek
Published: February 2025

The summary courts established in Eastern Galicia were intended to be a tool for eliminating repeated serious crimes. This idea was quickly distorted, and prosecutors willingly used this measure in individual cases. One of the victims of this system was Stanisław Steiger, who was accused of carrying out an attack on President Stanisław Wojciechowski in 1924. This law student was involved in a dangerous game in which not only his life was at stake, but also the good name of the State Police and the future of Eastern Galicia. Two court trials showed how the case turned from an obvious case into an extremely complicated one. They also revealed the machinery of police manipulation aimed at revealing a communist or Jewish-communist conspiracy. The article presents the course of preparatory and court proceedings based on the analysis of source material collected in State Archives of Lviv Oblast (Дepжaвний аpxiв Львiвcькoї облacтi). It reveals details of the work of the police, the investigating judge and the prosecutor, while transcripts of the hearings published in the press present the lines of defense and accusations adopted by the parties. A comprehensive view of the matter allows us to see a difficult neighborhood, both based on local ethnic relations in Eastern Galicia, as well as in the international aspect, where Stanisław Steiger’s case was played by German intelligence protecting the real assassin and trying to discredit Poland in the eyes of the League of Nations. An unexplained thread remains the attitude of the Ukrainian emigration representative office, which ultimately could not or was unable to use the ongoing process to draw the attention of Western public opinion to the nationality problem in Eastern Galicia.
LAYERED ELECTRODES FOR ENERGY-EFFICIENT FLOW VANADIUM BATTERIES
Authors: VOROPAY A.N. , DERYABINA E.O. , ZUEVA V.V. , VLADIMIR E.D. , OSETROV E.S.
Published: February 2025

Vanadium flow batteries (VFB) are becoming widespread as cheap and reliable electric storage cells. In their operating principle, VFB are very similar to fuel cells: they contain a liquid energy carrier (a rechargeable electrolyte) and a stack (a fuel cell in which an electrochemical reaction occurs). For the further development of these systems within the framework of the energy efficiency strategy, it is necessary to increase their efficiency factor, because currently it is only 60-65 %. In the present work, new electrode materials are developed and studied: combined electrodes, allowing a decrease in the internal resistance of the cell (a single element of stack design). To achieve this result, it is proposed to reduce the resistance associated with charge transfer to the electrode surface by creating an active layer with high surface area on the surface of the electrode (felt). The active layer was electrically conductive carbon black CH210, which was pre-functionalized to increase its hydrophilicity (the surface was oxidised in concentrated hydrogen peroxide at elevated pressure and temperature). Electrochemical measurements have shown that the deposition of an active layer increases the cell efficiency factor by 8.6 % at a current density of 50 mA/cm2, which confirms the viability of this approach.
SIMULATION OF ACUTE LUNG INJURY IN MICE BY INHALATION OF LIPOPOLYSACCHARIDE AEROSOL FROM SALMONELLA TYPHI CELLS
Authors: ZHUKOVA N.A. , BAKLANOV A.M. , STEKLENEVA M.E. , AN’KOV S.V. , TOLSTIKOVA T.G. , VALIULIN S.V.
Published: February 2025

Experimental acute lung inflammation in mice was modelled by inhalation of lipopolysaccharide aerosol from a Salmonella typhi microbial cell. It has been shown that inhalation aerosol administration of lipopolysaccharide (particle size 1.1±0.1 μm) for 60 min at a dose of 5.3 μg/kg leads to a pronounced haemodynamic and emphysematous reversible change in the lungs after 5-7 days, which is characteristic of acute lung inflammation.
IN VITRO EFFECT OF THE HOMOCYSTEINE LINKER ON PROPERTIES OF CONJUGATES BETWEEN HUMAN SERUM ALBUMIN AND MONOMETHYL AURISTATIN F
Authors: WANG M. , ROGALEVA V.I. , POPOVA T.V. , ZAKHAROVA O.D. , GODOVIKOVA T.S. , SILNIKOV V.N.
Published: February 2025

Fluorescent conjugates of human serum albumin and a maleimide derivative of monomethyl auristatin F containing the cleavable peptide linker ValCit were synthesised. Strategies included the direct attachment of the therapeutic peptide to the albumin structure and attachment through the N-trifluoroacetylhomocysteine linker. Confocal microscopy showed that the conjugate with the homocysteine linker effectively accumulated in the cytoplasm of the MCF-7 tumour cells, whereas the conjugate without the linker displayed predominant surface accumulation. In vitro studies demonstrated that the monomethyl auristatin F conjugate exhibited enhanced cytotoxicity against MCF-7 and T98G cancer cells after its attachment to albumin. The homocysteine-containing conjugate showed superior cytotoxicity compared to the conjugate without the linker despite the lower peptide load.
HYDROGEOCHEMICAL MONITORING OF THE WATER INTAKE OF THE NOVOSIBIRSK SCIENTIFIC CENTRE
Authors: SUKHORUKOVA A.F. , PLAKSINA N.A. , MAKSIMOVA A.A. , YANDOLA N.I.
Published: February 2025

Analysis of data on the chemical composition of groundwater from the water intake of the Novosibirsk Scientific Centre over a long period of operation (1958-2023), including the results obtained at the Laboratory of Hydrogeology of Sedimentary Basins of Siberia, Trofimuk Institute of Petroleum Geology and Geophysics SB RAS, indicates the stability of the macrocomponent composition of groundwater. The results of many years’ hydrogeochemical monitoring of groundwaters from the Beregovoy-1 site, supplying water to most of the buildings in the higher district of Akademgorodok, and from the Zyryanka site from which water is supplied to the cottage area including Akademicheskaya and Zolotodolinskaya streets, as well as Kirov and Geologov settlements, are presented in the work. Water quality is assessed on the basis of actual sanitary rules and norms adopted in the Russian Federation, State Standards and the criteria currently applied abroad. The waters from these sites have hydrocarbonate magnesium-calcium composition with total salt content within the range of 200-400 mg/dm3, total hardness from 3.8 to 7.7 mg-equiv/dm3. A characteristic feature of water from the infiltration water intake of the Beregovoy-1 site is a high iron content (0.11-7.14 mg/dm3), which is 5-20 times higher than the maximum permissible concentration (MPC), and manganese concentration (0.12-0.61 mg/dm3), which exceeds the MPC by a factor of 8 during some years. Arsenic concentration is almost always slightly above the permissible level, and in particular years it exceeded the MPC by a factor of 2 and more. These features predetermine obligatory water treatment before supplying to the population. The waters of the Zyryanka site meet sanitary quality standards, with the exception of radon level, which can reach 130 Bq/dm3.
LASER PYROLYSIS OF HIGH-GRADE METAMORPHIC COALS
Authors: ADUEV B.P. , VOLKOV V.D. , NELYUBINA N.V.
Published: February 2025

Gaseous products formed in the pyrolysis of samples composed of the tableted K (coking) and A (anthracite) coal microparticles under the action of pulse-periodic laser radiation (with the parameters: 532 nm, 10 ns, 6 Hz, 0.2-0.6 J/cm2) in the argon environment have been studied. It is shown that the concentration of gaseous products increases exponentially with an increase in the laser radiation energy density. Exceeding the critical radiation energy density values (Hcr = 0.18 and 0.26 J/cm2 for K and A coal ranks, respectively) leads to ablation of coal samples.
PRODUCTION OF COAL-WATER FUEL FROM COALS OF THE MEZHEGEY DEPOSIT IN THE REPUBLIC OF TYVA
Authors: MURKO V.I. , KARPENOK V.I. , FEDYAEV V.I. , MONGUSH G.R. , BARANOVA M.P.
Published: February 2025

The use of coal from the Mezhegey deposit (the Republic of Tyva) is promising for the production of thermal energy. However, it is necessary to consider the peculiarities of the technological properties of coal associated with its increased sintering characteristics. These features with the layered coal combustion technology lead to excessive consumption of fuel due to its underburning and a high content of harmful substances in the flue gases. Kyzyl has already been included in the Federal Project “Clean Air”, which indicates the relevance of the present investigation and the necessity of introducing new methods into the usage of this energy resource. To reduce emissions and to enhance the efficiency of coal use in power engineering, it is reasonable to introduce the technology of obtaining and burning coal-water fuel (CWF) taking into account the specific features of coal. The possibility of obtaining and using environmentally friendly coal-water fuel from the coals of the Mezhegey deposit located in the Republic of Tyva is established. The technical characteristics of coal were analysed, a pilot batch of CWF was obtained, and the combustion characteristics of this fuel in a boiler plant were determined. The preparation and combustion of the pilot batch of CWF was carried out in the laboratory installation at the Siberian State Industrial University (Novokuznetsk). It has been shown that the concentrations of hazardous substances in flue gases are substantially lower than the maximum permissible values. The development of this technology involving coal from the Mezhegey deposit will make it possible to reduce fuel consumption at heat generating installations and minimize the negative environmental effect.
СОВРЕМЕННОЕ СОСТОЯНИЕ ПОВЕРХНОСТНЫХ ВОД И ПОЧВ ВЕРХНЕГО ПРИАНГАРЬЯ
Authors: ВЛАСОВА Н.В. , ВОРОБЬЕВА И.Б. , БЕЛОЗЕРЦЕВА И.А.
Published: February 2025

Приведены данные ландшафтно-геохимических исследований на территории Верхнего Приангарья. Изучены химические свойства почв и вод малых рек правобережья р. Ангары. Установлены различия характеристик почв, сформировавшихся в двух округах Прибайкальской провинции и одном округе Иркутско-Черемховской провинции. Общий гидрохимический анализ показал принципиальные различия поверхностных вод двух образующих правобережную часть бассейна верхнего участка р. Ангары природных структур - Байкальской рифтовой зоны и южной части Сибирской платформы. Полученные данные подтвердили и дополнили сделанные 20 лет назад выводы о ландшафтно-геохимических характеристиках территории.

The paper presents data from the landscape-geochemical studies in the Upper Angara region. The chemical properties of soils and waters of small rivers on the right bank of the Angara River have been studied. Differences in the characteristics of soils formed in two districts of the Pribaikalskaya province and one district of the Irkutsk-Cheremkhovskaya province have been established. The general hydrochemical analysis showed fundamental differences between the surface waters of two natural structures forming the right-bank part of the basin of the upper section of the Angara River, namely: the Baikal rift zone and the southern part of the Siberian platform. The data obtained confirmed and supplemented the conclusions made 20 years ago about the landscape-geochemical characteristics of the territory.
ОСОБЕННОСТИ АТМОСФЕРНОЙ ЦИРКУЛЯЦИИ ПРИ ЭКСТРЕМАЛЬНЫХ НАВОДНЕНИЯХ В ПРИБАЙКАЛЬЕ
Authors: ОСИПОВА О.П. , КИЧИГИНА Н.В.
Published: February 2025

Представлены результаты исследований взаимосвязей атмосферной циркуляции и наводнений в Южном Прибайкалье. Во время наводнений в июле 1971 г., июне и июле 2019 г. на метеостанциях исследуемой территории осадков выпало существенно выше нормы - в среднем 229 %, 163 % и 156 % от нормы соответственно. Проведен комплексный синоптический анализ для выявления основных причин экстремально высоких значений осадков, которые спровоцировали подъем уровней воды на левобережных притоках Ангары и реках Южного Байкала в июле 1971 г., июне и июле 2019 г. Синоптические процессы были классифицированы по типам погоды согласно методу Дженкинсона и Коллисона. Для наводнения в июле 1971 г. было идентифицировано шесть типов погоды, а для наводнения в июне и июле 2019 г. - 15. В основном это были циклонические и адвективные типы с восточными компонентами, коррелирующие с влажными погодными условиями. Направления переноса воздушных масс определены по данным анализа 5-дневных обратных траекторий HYSPLIT. Установлено, что основные факторы, определившие интенсивность катастрофических паводков следующие: активный процесс циклогенеза; резкое усиление меридиональных затоков холода и тепла и развитие блокирующих процессов; наличие высокого содержания потенциально накопленной влаги, поля восходящих вертикальных движений и вынужденной конвекции в предгорьях; местные орографические условия.

The article presents the results of studies of the relationship between atmospheric circulation and floods in Southern Cisbaikalia. During the floods (in July 1971, June and July 2019), precipitation at the meteorological stations of the study area was significantly higher than the norm: on average 229 %, 163 % and 156 % of the norm, respectively. A comprehensive synoptic analysis was carried out to identify the main causes of extremely high precipitation values, which provoked a rise in water levels on the left-bank tributaries of the Angara river and on the rivers of Southern Baikal in July 1971, June and July 2019. Synoptic processes were classified by weather types according to the Jenkinson and Collison method. Six and fifteen weather types were identified for the July 1971 flood and for the June and July 2019 flood, respectively. These were mainly cyclonic and advective types with eastern components, correlating with humid weather conditions. The directions of air mass transfer were determined based on the analysis of 5-day HYSPLIT backward trajectories. It was found that the main factors determining the intensity of catastrophic floods were as follows: 1) active process of cyclogenesis; 2) sharp increase in meridional cold and heat flows and development of blocking processes; 3) the presence of a high content of potentially accumulated moisture, a field of upward vertical movements and forced convection in the foothills, and 4) local orographic conditions.
The Ukrainian language in the studies of Professor Zdzisław Stieber
Authors:   Institute of the Ukrainian Language of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Hrytsenko Pavlo
Published: February 2025

Professor Zdzisław Stieber, well-known for his Slavonic and Polish studies, has contributed to the development of the Ukrainian language continuum, developed the methodology of areal linguistics. Following his expedition records (1934—1935), he drafted one of the first regional atlases of Ukrainian dialects, Atlas językowy dawnej Łemkowszczyzny (vol. 1—8; 1956—1964; 416 maps). He also collected and analyzed the toponymicon of the Lemko region throughout its history and in the context of the Lemko formation as a separate ethnographic group of Ukrainians, created a phonological and phonetic description of the Lemko dialects in syn- chronic and diachronic perspectives, starting from the Proto-Slavic period to their present-day state. The significance of the dialect material recorded by Z. Stieber has particularly increased due to the removal of the Lemko from their native land, their forced scattered resettlement in the regions of Poland and Ukraine far away from the Lemko region (1944—1947), the destruc- tion of their original ethnolinguistic terrain. The latter has elevated Professor Z. Stieber’s mate- rials to a status of the authentic linguistic monument bearing an exclusive information on a wide number of structural language features that have not been traced in other Ukrainian and neighboring Polish and Slovak dialects, which yet to be assessed by research community. He analyzed the archaic language area of the Lemko region in its close connections with the Polish and Slovak continuum and in the context of its interactions with other Ukrainian dialects.
Professor Z. Stieber accomplished a thorough analysis of the of Yu. Shevelov’s ground- breaking work A Historical Phonology of the Ukrainian Language (1979), thus strengthening author’s concept of the Ukrainian language genesis starting from the Proto-Slavic period, in contrast with the “theory” of its late formation on the basis of the “Old Slavic base lan- guage” being shared by the Russian and Belarusian languages.
He participated in the development of the key provisions of the fundamental all-Slavic project The Slavic Linguistic Atlas.
He laid the ground for the further development of Ukrainian studies in the Polish Aca- demy of Sciences and universities.
Keywords: Stieber Zdzisław, Ukrainian language, Lemko dialect, toponymies of the Lemko region, Ukrainian and West Slavic interdialectal connections, Ukrainian glottogony.
The history of the terms affix and prefix in the Ukrainian language
Authors:   Institute of the Ukrainian Language of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Synytsia Iryna
Published: February 2025

The article attempts to argue for the separation of historiographical and historical-terminological directions of scientific research within the framework of Ukrainian historical terminology. This article is a sample of historical and terminological works. The source base of the research is the grammars of the Ukrainian language, scientific works on various linguistic issues. The purpose of the article is to analyze the process of formation of terms for affixal morphemes in Ukrainian scientific texts, primarily grammars, dictionaries, textbooks, and scientific publications. The immediate subject of analysis were the terms called linguistic units, which, thanks to their functional capabilities, became basic for word formation, morphemics and grammar in general, namely the terms affix and prefix in their diachronic-synchronic dimension. The author systematized the results of studying Ukrainian scientific sources of the 16th – 20th centuries from the point of view of the function of term names to indicate affixes and prefixes. The analysis revealed that the term affix in the Ukrainian language was represented by the terms додатки and доданки. The lexical-semantic and accentual variants of the term prefix at different stages of language development were as follows: предлогъ, приста́вка, при́ставка, чѧстка, нарост, припона, препона, приросток. The article traces the history of the formation of the terms affix and prefix in the Ukrainian language, recorded and confirmed the use of this or that term in the idiolect of a particular scientist. It is confirmed that the term affix was used for the first time by Petro Zalozny in the “Short Grammar of the Ukrainian Language” in 1906. The term prefix, written in Latin, was first used by Omelyan Ogonovskyi in his grammar in 1889, and by Ivan Verkhratskyi in 1892. The term prefix, written in Cyrillic in Ukrainian orthography, functions in Yevgeny Tymchenko’s grammar of 1907. The history of the development of certain terms is a fragment that illustrates the development of Ukrainian scientific thought.
Keywords: historical terminology, terminology of word formation, history of terms, affix, prefix.
Effect of cassava-sweet potato intercrops patterns and weed control methods on weed suppression.
Authors:   Department of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Umuahia North Local Council, Umuahia. Nigeria., Arukwe Udodirioha E. , Ekeleme Friday ,   Department of Plant Health Management, Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, P.M.B. 7267, Umudike. Nigeria
Published: February 2025

Field trials were conducted to investigate complementary weed control potential of sweet potato on cassava in 2015, 2016 and 2017 cropping seasons at the National Cereal Research Institutes’ farm, (NCRI), Amakama (07˚29′N latitude and 05˚28΄E longitude), South Eastern Nigeria. The study was laid out in a split plot arrangement in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replicates. The main plots consisted of intercrop patterns which included two populations of sweet potato (10,000 and 20,000 plants ha-1) between rows of cassava, planted at 0, 4 and 8 weeks after planting cassava (WAP), sole cassava (SC) and sole sweet potato (SS), The sub-plots were four weed control treatments viz pre-emergence application of S-metolachlor+atrazine at 1.16+1.48 kg a.i ha-1 alone (P), S-metolachlor+atrazine at 1.16+1.48 kg a.i ha-1 followed by supplementary hoe weeding at 8WAP (PHW1), three hoe weedings at 4, 8 and 12 WAP (3HW) and a weedy check (0W). Results indicated that Cassava intercropped at the same time with sweet potato at 20,000 plant ha-1 (CS200) significantly reduced weed density and dry matter compared with SC which gave the poorest weed control. Weed density and dry matter were higher with cassava+sweet potato introduced at 8 WAP at both populations (CS108 and CS208) comparable to SC. There were statistically significant differences in weed growth between the different weed control methods. PHW1 significantly suppressed weed growth as effectively as 3HW when compared to 0W. The weedy check (0W) and P recorded the poorest weed control and performance of these crops at harvest. Although weed density and drymatter was significantly reduced by CS200 and PHW1 independently, results from this study suggested that CS200 combined PHW1 could provide a sustainable integrated weed management system than sole cassava, introducing the sweet potato at 8 WAP or herbicide treatment alone in the study area.
Effect of Feeding Soybean Curd Residue on Performance of Male Grower Rabbits
Authors:   Department of Animal Science, Federal University, Gashua, Yobe State, Nigeria, Sudik SD , Ajiji I ,   Department of Animal Science, Federal University, Gashua, Yobe State, Nigeria, Bagudu IA ,   Department of Animal Science, Federal University, Gashua, Yobe State, Nigeria, Maidala A. ,   Department of Animal Science, Federal University, Gashua, Yobe State, Nigeria, Lawan A ,   Department of Animal Science, Federal University, Gashua, Yobe State, Nigeria
Published: February 2025

A six week experiment was conducted to determine the effect of feeding soybean curd residue (SCR) on performance of male grower rabbits. Fifty (50) cross-bred male grower rabbits at 5 weeks of age were randomly assigned into five dietary treatments (T1-T5). Each treatment had 10 rabbits, individual housed in a completely randomized design. Treatment 1 had 0% SCR which served as control whereas diets 2- 5 had soybean meal (SBM) replaced with SCR by 5%, 10%, 15% and 20%, respectively. Feed and water were offered ad libitum. Rabbits fed T5 significantly (p<0.05) had highest live body weight and total weight gain (3.29±0.08kg and 2.55±0.09kg, respectively) whereas those fed T1 had lowest (2.83±0.44 and 2.10±0.18kg, respectively). Rabbits fed T5 alongside T4 significantly (p<0.05) had the best feed conversion ratio (1.84±0.13) whereas those fed T1 had worst (2.18±0.27). Other parameters such as Feed intake, Carcass and organs’ weights, haematological traits and serum biochemical were not significantly (P>0.05) affected by treatments. The cost of feed per 25kg decreased with increased SCR in the diets. Treatment 1 had higher costs (#1781.20/$4.88) while T5 had lower (#1704.55/$4.67). Similarly, cost of feed per weight gain decreased from T1 to T5 (#73.00/$0.44 to #69.35/$0.40). It was concluded that 20% SCR can be added in male grower rabbits’ diets without negative effect on performance.
The dynamics of Vetiver (Vetiveria zizanioides) and Guinea grass (Panicum maximum) Amended with Organic Manures in Remediation of Crude Oil Contaminated Soil in Port Harcourt
Authors:   Department of Crop and Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Port Harcourt, P. M. B. 5323, Choba, Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria., Chukwumati JA , Omovbude S ,   Department of Crop and Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Port Harcourt, P. M. B. 5323, Choba, Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria.
Published: February 2025

In a field study, conducted at the Teaching and Research farm of Rivers State University, soil polluted with Bonny Light crude oil at 0% and 2% v/w was subjected to remediation processes using vetiver (Vetiveria zizanioides) and guinea grasses (Panicum maximum) amended with organic manures for a period of twelve months. Two weeks after pollution, poultry and Rabbit manures were applied at 0, 10, 20 and 30 tons/ha respectively. Vetiver and Guinea grasses were planted two weeks later. It was fitted in factorial split plot. Results showed 80% of vetiver survived in contaminated unamended plots against 85% in control, percentage survival in guinea grass was 60% in contaminated unamended against 85% in control. There was initial delay in germination on contaminated plots for the two grasses. Amendment of the soil with organic manure improves the growth and performance of the grasses. Vetiver height was significantly (p<0.05) different from guinea grass in contaminated unamended plots implying that vetiver has better adaptation to pollution than guinea grass. Remediation of soil with vetiver and guinea grasses degraded the THC in the soil to 23 and 21% respectively; amendment of soil with different levels of organic manure increased the level of degradation to 70.6 and 67.9% for vetiver and guinea grasses respectively. Vetiver uptake of THC in plant tissues was significantly (p<0.05) different from that of guinea grass. Amendment of the soil with organic manure reduced the uptake. Generally, both grasses were tolerant to THC with vetiver being more tolerant with higher survival rate. Poultry manure as amendment material planted with vetiver grass was more effective than rabbit manure in remediation of crude oil contaminated soil.
Cost Efficiency Analysis of Maize Production Among Rural Small Scale Farmers in Itesiwaju Local Government Area (LGA), Oyo State, Nigeria
Authors:   Department of Agricultural and Resource Economics, The Federal University of Technology, Akure, Oyo State, Nigeria., OGUNWANDE ISAAC OLUSEGUN , ADESOKAN GOODNESS ENIOLA ,   Department of Agricultural and Resource Economics, The Federal University of Technology, Akure, Oyo State, Nigeria.
Published: February 2025

Maize is a crop
commonly cultivated in Nigeria and its demand and supply is on the increase
every year, this nevertheless pave the way for involvement of majority of
rural households in every stage of production. The paper explored the cost
efficiency of maize production in Itesiwaju local government area(LGA) of
Oyo State. Primary data was collected from 173 maize farmers and this was
achieved through the use of copies of well-structured questionnaire and
application of multistage sampling procedure. Data collected were analysed
using Stochastic Frontier Cost Function (SFCF) in determining factors
affecting cost efficiency among farms. Results on socioeconomic
characteristics of maize farmers showed the average quantitative variables
age (46 years), household size (8 members), years of experience (28 years)
and number of extension contacts (11 visits) while the mean seed and
agrochemical cost were N1,643.00 and N3,150.00 respectively. Farming
experience (p<0.1), extension contacts (p<0.05) and household size
(p<0.1) were found to increase cost efficiency of farms. Cost variables such
as labour (p<0.05), seed (p<0.1) and agrochemicals also increased the
cost efficiency of maize farms. Gamma (ϓ) showed that about 0.98 percent of
the variation in cost of production was due to factors beyond farmers’
control and sigma square (σ2) of 1.378(p<0.01) explained the suitability
and appropriateness of the analytical model. The Return to Scale was 1.154
and the majority of maize farmers had clustered cost efficiency distribution
between the range of 0.51 and 0.99 suggesting being cost efficient in maize
production.
Helminthes Load in Two Species of Fish of River Benue: Case Study of Ibi Fishing Site
Authors:   Department of Agricultural Technology, Plateau State College of Agriculture, Garkawa,, RABO P. D.
Published: February 2025

This study was undertaken to compare helminthes parasite load in
relation to the sexes of Clarias
gariepinus and Oreochromis
niloticus of River Benue at Ibi fishing site and their significant
differences. A total of one hundred and fifty two (152) individuals Clarias gariepinus and Oreochromis niloticus were caught and 76 each in
the dry season rainy season. A T-test statistical analysis was used. Total
helminthes load observed in C.
gariepinus for both seasons was 139.00. The females had higher helminthes load (50.36%) while the males had
lower (49.64%). Table 2 shows helminthes load of O. niloticus in both seasons. Total helminthes load observed in O. niloticus for both seasons was 93.00. The females also had higher helminthes load
(67.74%) while the males had lower (32.36%). Total helminthes load observed
in both species was 232.00.
The females also had higher helminthes load (57.33%) while the males
had lower (42.67%). There was no significant difference (p>0.05) in the helminthes
load in both species. However, the female had higher helminthes load
(mean: 2.76±0.36) and the male had
lower (Mean: 2.58±0.35). There was no significant difference (p>0.05) in
the helminthes load in Clarias
gariepinus. However, the female had higher helminthes load (mean: 3.17±0.51) and the male had lower (Mean:
2.28±0.49). There was no significant difference (p>0.05) in the helminthes
load in Oreochromis niloticus.
However, the female had higher helminthes load (Mean: 3.05±0.42) and the male had lower (Mean:
2.13±0.44). It may be concluded that helminthes parasites exist in Clarias gariepinus and Oreochromis niloticus of River Benue at Ibi
Fishing Site. Therefore, fish caught in this river should be treated against
helminthes parasites.
A Query-Based Constraint Acquisition Approach for Enhanced Precision in Program Precondition Inference
Authors: Menguy Grégoire , Bardin Sébastien , Gotlieb Arnaud , Lazaar Nadjib
Published: February 2025

Program annotations in the form of function pre/postconditions play a crucial role in various software engineering and program verification tasks. However, the frequent unavailability of these annotations necessitates manual retrofitting. This paper shows how constraint acquisition, a learning framework derived from constraint programming and version space learning, can be extended for automatically inferring program preconditions. Our approach performs this inference in a black-box manner through automatic query generation and input-output observations of program executions. We introduce PreCA, the first-ever precondition inference framework leveraging query-based constraint acquisition. Notably, we specialize PreCA to handle memory-related preconditions on binary code, which pose significant challenges in data and information management systems. In contrast to prior black-box techniques, PreCA provides well-defined guarantees. Specifically, it employs a sound and complete method to generate preconditions consistent with all the observed input-output relationships of the program. Furthermore, empirical evaluations on our benchmark demonstrate that PreCA outperforms the results of state-of-the-art approaches, delivering comparable or superior results in 5s, as opposed to the 1-hour runtime of existing approaches on identical machines. We also present two successful use cases from the standard libc and the mbedtls cryptographic library. PreCA notably infers for the former one a more precise precondition than specified in the documentation.