bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Optimasi Metode Algoritma C.45 Menggunakan Algoritma Genetika Untuk Penentuan Jenis Benang Pada Konveksi
Authors: Dwi Septiani Wisti , Puspitorini Indah , Murniyati Murniyati , Novita Diana
Published: January 2024

Nilosa Rama Buana adalah sebuah industri di bidang konveksi yang memproduksi produk konveksi baik dari instansi perkantoran, sekolah, perusahaan maupun pribadi. Produk yang dihasilkan seperti kaos sablon, kaos distro, sprei, selimut, pakaian bayi dan anak. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah memprediksi jenis rajutan, gramasi, dan jenis ukuran benang yang sesuai untuk membantu konveksi dalam pembuatan produk sehinggan persiapan produksi menjadi lebih efisien menggunakan algoritma klasifikasi data mining. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah implementasi Algoritma Genetika optimasi terhadap metode Algoritma C4.5, dilakukan optimasi untuk meningkatkan akurasi metode. Hasil penelitian ini adalah kenaikan nilai akurasi 45,18% dengan pengujian optimasi menggunakan metode Algoritma Genetika, juga dihasilkan pohon keputusan dari metode Decision Tree. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah metode optimasi Algoritma Genetika dapat membantu meningkatkan kehandalan dan rule yang dihasilkan dari pohon keputusan Algoritma C4.5 dapat dijadikan acuan untuk membantu konveksi dalam penentuan jenis benang pada persiapan produksi.
Peran Strategi Perubahan Sebagai Fondasi Pada Revolusi Teknologi
Authors: Lubis Zultoni , Mei Suri Dian , Marliana Anggraini Nur , Annisa Putri Siti
Published: January 2024

Artikel ini membahas terkait dengan strategi perubahan, tantangan dalam mengimplementasikan perubahan dan solusi dalam menghadapi tantangan tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memberikan pemahaman kepada para pembaca terkait dengan strategi perubahan dalam membangun fondasi yang kuat untuk revolusi teknologi. Revolusi teknologi telah menciptakan persaingan antar organisasi secara ketat. Oleh karena itu organisasi harus memahami strategi agar mampu mempertahankan organisasinya. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pengumpulan data. Penelitian ini memberikan pemahaman bahwa perubahan di era revolusi industri perlu dilakukan dalam membentuk fondasi untuk beradaptasi dengan efisien.
Langkah-Langkah Indonesia Dalam Menghadapi Tantangan Global Dalam Bidang Ekonomi
Authors: Sitakar Beny , Andini Ayu , Anggita Nadya Dewi , Suhairi Suhairi
Published: January 2024

Globalisasi di bidang perekonomian telah mendorong munculnya perdagangan lintas batas negara yang tidak terkekang, ditandai dengan perdagangan bebas dimana pergerakan barang, jasa dan manusia dari dan ke suatu negara tidak mengalami banyak hambatan. Skenario ini menghadirkan peluang sekaligus ancaman bagi Indonesia. Sisi positifnya, hal ini memudahkan masuknya barang dan jasa produksi Indonesia ke pasar luar negeri, serta mengurangi hambatan non-tarif terhadap produk Indonesia. Demikian pula, pekerja Indonesia mungkin akan lebih mudah bekerja di luar negeri dengan pembatasan imigrasi yang lebih sedikit. Namun sisi sebaliknya adalah potensi ancaman bagi Indonesia karena barang, jasa, dan tenaga kerja asing bisa masuk ke Indonesia tanpa hambatan berarti. Hal ini dapat menyebabkan ketatnya persaingan pasar domestik dalam hal kualitas barang, jasa dan tenaga kerja, baik dalam negeri maupun internasional. Oleh karena itu, perlu disusun strategi untuk menghadapi tantangan globalisasi, dan memastikan Indonesia memperkuat posisinya dalam memanfaatkan peluang dalam persaingan ekonomi global. Artikel ini akan menguraikan beberapa strategi yang dapat diterapkan Indonesia untuk mengatasi tantangan global di bidang perekonomian.
Analisis Hak Atas Tanah Sebagai Sarana Dalam Penanaman Modal
Authors: Arnanda Marpaung Taufik , Batubara Maryam
Published: January 2024

Tujuan dari studi ini adalah untuk memahami peran insentif dalam pelaksanaan layanan, khususnya layanan yang penting dalam konteks investasi. Dalam hal ini, ditegaskan bahwa peraturan yang jelas yang belum tercakup dalam peraturan perundang-undangan yang berlaku saat ini harus ditetapkan oleh pemerintah terkait dengan fasilitas dan penjaminan penanaman modal. Pelayanan terkait hak atas tanah bagi investor diatur oleh UU Penanaman Modal dan UU Pokok Agraria. Penelitian normatif yang menggunakan perspektif hukum dan konseptual merupakan metodologi penelitian yang digunakan. Pemahaman terhadap ide-ide hak atas tanah sangatlah penting, terutama yang berkaitan dengan Hak Guna Usaha, Hak Guna Bangunan, dan Hak Pakai, karena hal-hal tersebut mencakup berbagai peraturan yang diamanatkan secara hukum. Karena penulis berfokus pada hubungan antara peraturan hukum yang relevan dengan hukum hukum yang terkait dengan sarana investasi, maka penelitian analisis doktrinal adalah jenis penelitian yang diterapkan. Pendekatan masalah terdiri dari dua pendekatan utama: pendekatan perundang-undangan yang mencermati seluruh peraturan perundang-undangan yang berkaitan dengan permasalahan hukum, dan pendekatan konseptual yang mengacu pada doktrin dan sudut pandang ilmu hukum untuk mengidentifikasi gagasan dan konsep hukum yang relevan dengan permasalahan yang dihadapi.
Sistem Informasi Pembuatan Kartu Pencari Kerja (Kartu Kuning) Berbasis Web
Authors: Rahmawati Rahmawati
Published: January 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merancang dan mengimplementasikan Sistem Informasi Pembuatan Kartu Pencari Kerja (Kartu Kuning) Berbasis Web Pada Dinas Sosial Tenaga Kerja Dan Transmigrasi (Disnakertrans) Kabupaten Wajo. Data dalam penelitian ini diperoleh melalui (1) Observasi atau Penelitian Lapangan berupa pengambilan data.(2) Pengumpulan data dan informasi dengan melakukan kegiatan kepustakaan melalui buku, artikel jurnal.(3) Wawancara terhadap pegawai Disnakertrans Kabupaten Wajo yang mengurus Pembuatan Kartu Pencari Kerja (Kartu Kuning)  secara langsung. Penelitian ini dirancang menggunakan Permodelan sistem menggunakan UML (Unified Model Language). Pembuatan aplikasi menggunakan bahasa pemrograman PHP dan database diolah menggunakan MySQL, serta pengujian sistem menggunakan Black Box Testing. Hasil penelitian  ini mampu memberikan informasi mengenai Pembuatan Kartu Pencari Kerja (Kartu Kuning) Pada Dinas Sosial Tenaga Kerja Dan Transmigrasi Kabupaten Wajo sehingga dapat memudahkan dalam proses pendaftaran dan pembuatan kartu pencari kerja (kartu kuning).
Comparing Peribulbar and Topical Anesthesia in Cataract Surgery among Patients with Cardiovascular Disease
Authors: Behera Geeta , Kothari Akhilesh , Subramanian Anandaraja , Jayaraman Ramesh , Rene Senthamizhan
Published: January 2024

Purpose: To compare topical and peribulbar anesthesia in cataract surgery for hemodynamic changes, rate of complications and pain score in patients with cardiovascular disease.Methods: A prospective comparative study at a tertiary care center in India. Patients >40 years old with treated/controlled hypertension and cardiovascular disease scheduled for cataract surgery under topical or peribulbar anesthesia were recruited. Heart rate, blood pressure, and ophthalmic and systemic complications were noted: preoperatively, immediately after block, intraoperatively, immediately postoperatively and 1 hour postoperatively. A visual analog scale was used to assess the pain score.Results: A total of 150 patients (75 in each group) underwent cataract surgery. There was a significant rise in pulse rate and blood pressure after peribulbar injection and intraoperatively, which gradually reduced to baseline 1 hour after surgery in both groups (p < 0.001), with systolic blood pressure intraoperatively being significantly greater in the peribulbar group (155.49 ±18.14 mmHg vs. 147.95 ±17.71 mmHg, p = 0.01). The topical group had slightly lower visual analog scale scores (1.12 ± 0.99) than the peribulbar group (1.44 ± 0.90, p = 0.04).Conclusions: Cataract surgery appears safe in patients with adequately controlled cardiovascular disease, and topical anesthesia may be preferable due to noninvasiveness, adequate analgesia, and minimal effect on hemodynamic parameters. Therefore, hemodynamically stable patients of cardiovascular disease undergoing uncomplicated cataract surgery may be counselled for topical anesthesia.
The Influence of Firm Characteristics on the Relationship Between Operational Innovation and Performance of Manufacturing Firms in Kenya
Authors: Adhaya Zedekia Juma , Wainaina Gituro , Odock Stephen
Published: January 2024

With a marketplace characterized by increased competition globally and constant changes in customer needs and wants, there is a need to adopt operational innovations while complying with the business environment (internal capabilities) and the firm characteristics, influencing factors in the innovation adoption and implementation. For this reason, this study aimed to investigate the influence of firm characteristics on the relationship between operational innovation and the performance of manufacturing firms in Kenya. The positivism approach was used to increase the reliability of investigation findings for generalization. Further, a descriptive research design was adopted, equally to increase the reliability of the survey. Sample of 182 firms with strong affiliations to Kenya Association of Manufacturers (KAM) was used. The firms had 14 subcategories based on the products they manufactured. Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) and smart PLS4 were used for data analysis, and regression analysis was used for conclusive results. The findings reveal that firm characteristics have a sizable impact on the association between innovation and firm performance.
Questions on Cost-Benefit Analysis and a Discussion of Present Answers: How Should One Determine the Social Discount Rate to Be Announced?
Authors: Guesnerie Roger , Maurice Joël
Published: January 2024

In the wake of the CBA used for public investment programming in France, new recommendations have been formulated for projects whose advantages (costs or benefits) are exposed to macroeconomic risks (correlation with GDP per capita), distinguishing between classically Gaussian hazards and “rare disasters” à la Barro. Taking rare disasters into account significantly modifies the value of the discount rate, along with the mathematical expectation of the advantages, and accentuates the distinction between procyclical and counter-cyclical projects.
Peningkatan Pengetahuan Keamanan Pangan pada UKM Sektor Makanan untuk Memperkuat Ketahanan Keluarga: Sebuah Upaya Non-Maleficence pada Komunitas
Authors: Muktamiroh Hikmah , Yuni Setyaningsih  , Agneta Irmarahayu  , Bintang Bayu Aryandi
Published: January 2024

Ketahanan keluarga yang adekuat diperlukam dalam membangun ketahanan komunitas.  Makanan yang tidak aman dikonsumsi dapat menurunkan daya tahan tubuh sehingga tubuh menjadi lebih rentan terhadap penyakit. Masyarakat perlu mendapatkan perlindumgan atas keamanan pangan. Keamanan pangan merupakan salah satu hak konsumen sekaligus hak asasi manusia atas kesehatan yang harus terpenuhi untuk membangun komunitas yang sehat. Tujuan pengabdian masyarakat ini adalah sebagai upaya meningkatkan pengetahuan Usaha Kecil Menengah terhadap keamanan pangan. Kegiatan pengabdian dilaksanakan dalam bentuk penyuluhan secara online, diikuti oleh 38 orang pelaku UKM. Penyuluhan ini berhasil meningkatkan nilai rerata pengetahuan keamanan pangan pada pelaku UKM, yaitu dari 63.82 menjadi 87.81.

 

Kata kunci:

Keamanan Pangan, Ketahanan Keluarga, Komunitas, Non-maleficence, Usaha Kecil Menengah

 

Abstract

Adequate family resilience is necessary in building community resilience. Foods that are not safe for consumption can lower the body's resistance so that the body becomes more susceptible to disease. People need to get protection for food safety. Food safety is one of the consumers rights to health that must be fulfilled to build a healthy community.  The purpose of community service is to increase knowledge of Small - Medium Enterprises (SMEs) on food security. Service activities were conducted in the form of online counselling attended by 38 SMEs. This counselling succesfully increased the mean score of food safety knowledge among SMEs from 63.82 to 87.81.

 

Keywords:

Food security, Family resilience, Community, Non-maleficence, Small - Medium Enterprises
Asymptotics of Solutions to a Singularly Perturbed Problem
Authors: Akmatov A.
Published: January 2024

The work examines the asymptotics of solutions to singularly perturbed differential equations. The zeros of the matrix eigenvalues lie on the real axis. Moving on to the complex plane, we define the negative region in which the research is carried out. Level lines completely cover this area. One of the level lines divides the area into four parts. In each of these parts of the region we choose integration paths. The integration paths should be as decreasing from the starting point to the last point. Carrying out calculations along the chosen integration path, we obtain asymptotic estimates for solutions of singularly perturbed differential equations.
Modern Situation of Hirudo orientalis in Lankaran Natural Province Water Basins
Authors: Dadashova L.
Published: January 2024

The Eastern medical leech (Hirudo orientalis Utevsky et Trontelj, 2005) belongs to the Hirudinea class to a Euhirudinea subclass to the Gnathobdellidae order, Hirudo genus. H. orientalisis ectoparasitic bloodsucking. Medicinal leeches feed by sucking blood of the vertebrates such as mammals, fish, amphibians, birds and reptiles. They live in the freshwater basins in swamps, rivers and lakes. Materials were collected through the suture-catching nets to breed leeches and carry out investigations in laboratory conditions. The study was carried out in 2018-2020 in the 42 water bodies of the Lankaran natural province. H. orientalis was found in only 16 of them. The weight of the collected leeches was 1.0-2.5 g, and the length was between 4-10 cm.
The Economic Importance of Bees
Authors: Maharramov M. , Bayramov A.
Published: January 2024

Being pollinators of entomophilous plants, bees are part of natural complexes of agrolandscapes due to their species composition. Pollination of flowers by bees on the territory of Nakhchivan mainly occurs within 700-1300hours in the morning. The maximum value of the number of bees in crops was recorded at 1100-1300 hours. The main pollinators of alfalfa and other fodder plants are representatives of Andrena, Melitturga, Halictus, Nomia, Rophitoides, Melitta, Anthidium, Osmia, Eucera, Megachile, Lithurgus, Anthophoraand Bombus genera. Our monitoring of bee populations in natural conditions and the application of a system for predicting expected changes serve their effective utilization, protection, and creation of favorable conditions for their aggregation in agro- and various coenosis.
Kız Öğrencilerin Serviks Kanserinin Erken Tanısına Yönelik Tutumları: Düzce Üniversitesi Örneği
Authors: ÖZDEMİR METE Sümeyye , SÜZER ÖZKAN Filiz
Published: January 2024

Amaç: Araştırma; üniversitede eğitim gören kız öğrencilerin serviks kanserinin erken tanısına yönelik tutumlarını ve etkileyen faktörleri belirlemek amacıyla yapıldı.

Gereç ve Yöntemler: Araştırma tanımlayıcı ve kesitsel desende yapıldı. Düzce Üniversitesi 2021- 2022 eğitim öğretim yılı bahar döneminde merkez kampüsünde lisans eğitimi gören 7736 kız öğrenci araştırmanın evrenini, 371 öğrenci ise araştırmanın örneklemini oluşturdu. Araştırmanın verileri; Kişisel Bilgi Formu ve Servikal Kanserin Erken Tanısına Yönelik Tutum Ölçeği ile yüz yüze görüşme yöntemiyle araştırmacı tarafından toplandı. Veriler SPSS 26,0 programı ile değerlendirildi.

Bulgular: Öğrencilerin yaş ortalaması 21,28±1,63’ tür. Öğrencilerin %37,5’i Pap smear testini, %25,9’u HPV’ nin serviks kanserine neden olduğunu bildiğini ifade ederken, %86,5’inin HPV testini bilmediği, %56,6’sının HPV aşısını bildiği, sadece %7,3’ünün HPV aşısını yaptırdığı saptandı. Öğrencilerin Serviks Kanserinin Erken Tanısına İlişkin Tutum ölçek toplam puanı ortalaması 105,02±10,70 olup, serviks kanseri erken tanısına yönelik genel tutumlarının yüksek, duyarlılık ve ciddiyet algısı orta, yarar ve engel algılarının ise yüksek düzeyde olduğu belirlendi. Tıp fakültesinde öğrenim gören, ailesinde kanser öyküsü olan, serviks kanseri tanısı olan kişi ile yakınlığı olan ve HPV testini bilen öğrencilerin servikal kanserin erken tanısına yönelik tutum ölçeği toplam puanları daha yüksek bulundu.

Sonuç: Üniversite öğrencilerine; serviks kanseri, risk faktörleri, risk faktörlerini azaltmaya yönelik koruyucu önlemler, tarama testleri ve profilaktik amaçlı aşılama ile ilgili eğitimler verilmelidir.
Üniversite Öğrencilerinde Sürdürülebilir ve Sağlıklı Yeme Davranışları ile Fiziksel Aktivite Durumlarının Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: KÜÇÜKCANKURTARAN Sevtap
Published: January 2024

Amaç: Çevresel sürdürülebilirlik ve insan sağlığı yakından ilişkili olup sürdürülebilir beslenme alışkanlıkları ve fiziksel aktiviteyle bağlantılı olduğu bildirilmiştir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, üniversite öğrencilerinin besin tüketim durumları ve fiziksel aktivite düzeylerinin sürdürülebilir ve sağlıklı yeme davranışlarına etkisini incelemektir.
Gereç ve Yöntemler: Bu kesitsel çalışma Ondokuz Mayıs Üniversitesi’nde öğrenim gören 125’i erkek, 169’u kadın toplamda 394 öğrenci ile yürütülmüştür. Öğrencilerin sürdürülebilir beslenme alışkanlıklarının değerlendirilmesinde Sürdürülebilir ve Sağlıklı Yeme Davranışı Ölçeği, fiziksel aktivite düzeyinin belirlenmesinde Uluslararası Fiziksel Aktivite Anketi Kısa Formu (IPAQ-SF) ve besin tüketimlerinin tespitinde 24 saatlik geriye dönük besin tüketim kaydı kullanılmıştır.
Bulgular: Çalışmaya katılan erkek öğrencilerin %43,8’i orta aktif, kadın öğrencilerin ise %46,6’sı inaktiftir. Orta düzeyde fiziksel aktivite puanı ile “Düşük yağ tüketimi” puan ortalaması arasındaki ilişki (p=0,011) ve ortalama yürüme süresi ile “Sağlıklı ve dengeli beslenme” puan ortalaması arasındaki ilişki anlamlı bulunmuştur (p=0,026). Öğrencilerin ortalama IPAQ-SF puanı ile “Sağlıklı ve dengeli beslenme” (p=0,022), “Yerel gıda” (p=0,020) ve “Hayvan sağlığı” (p=0,041) puan ortalamaları arasında pozitif ilişki saptanmıştır. Enerjinin karbonhidrattan (p=0,878), yağdan (p=0,596) ve proteinden (p=0,842) sağlanan yüzdesi, posa alımı (p=0,818) ve beden kütle indeksinin (p=0,292) “Sürdürülebilir ve sağlıklı yeme davranışı” üzerinde belirleyici olmadığı bulunmuştur.
Sonuç: Fiziksel aktivitenin sürdürülebilir ve sağlıklı beslenme davranışları üzerinde etkili olabileceği belirlenmiştir. Fiziksel aktivitenin sağlık ve sürdürülebilirlik üzerindeki farkındalığının arttırılması halk sağlığı açısından büyük önem taşımaktadır.
Factors Affecting TNF-α Decrease in COVID-19 Patients
Authors: GÜLHAN Muhammet , ALPAY Merve , YILDIZ Şule , YAŞLI Nevra Ezgi , ACAT Murat , KAHRAMAN Gözde , ARBAK Peri
Published: January 2024

Aim: Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) have several functions, including cell survival, differentiation, and proliferation. TNF-α may effect the cell death during the cytokine storm that occurred during COVID-19 infection. We aimed to investigate, the factors that affects the TNF-α decrease in COVID-19 patients.

Material and Methods: Totally 44 individuals with COVID-19 infection were included the study. Blood counts, biochemical examinations and D-dimer examinations were obtained. Comorbidities and initial symptoms of the patients were recorded. TNF-α, CRP and ferritin values were measured twice on the 1st and 7th days of hospitalization. The change in this values were examined according to comorbidities, initial symptoms and steroid usage.

Results: Of a total of 44 patients, 56.8% were male (25/44) and 43.2 % were female (19/44). TNF-α decrease was found to be statistically significant in non-diabetic patients, while TNF-α decrease was found to be insignificant in diabetic patients. CRP decrease was found to be statistically significant in both diabetic and non-diabetic patients while ferritin decrease was insignificant in both diabetic and non-diabetic patients. While TNF-α and CRP decreased statistically significantly in those without lung disease, it was observed that both TNF-α and CRP decreases were not significant in those with lung disease. The decrease in TNF-α and CRP was statistically insignificant in those who did not treated with steroids, while the decrease in TNF-α and CRP was significant in those who treated with steroids.

Conclusion: Steroids decreases the TNF-α levels. TNF decrease is not significant in those with diabetes and lung disease.
Clinical and laboratory assessment of the antibacterial effectiveness of anodic dissolution of copper electrodes during endodontic treatment of teeth with partially obliterated root canals
Authors: Dikopova N. Zh. , Tsarev A. V. , Ippolitov E. V. , Volkov A G. , Razumova S. N. , Podporin M. S.
Published: January 2024

The aim of the work was to study the antibacterial effectiveness of anodic dissolution of copper electrodes in endodontic treatment of teeth with root canals obliterated by more than half the length of the root.

The study included two stages: experimental and clinical. In an experimental study using automatic cultivation of microorganisms in liquid nutrient media, it was found that anodic dissolution of a silver-copper electrode was more effective with respect to the clinical isolate of P. Intermedi and of C. Albicans, as well as a mixed culture of pathogenic microorganisms Streptococcus sanguis + Enterococcus faecium – a copper electrode. In the clinical part of the study, 30 patients with chronic forms of pulpitis were treated using intra-channel anodic dissolution of a copper electrode in the teeth, where the root canals were obliterated by more than half the length of the tooth root.

After the procedure, not a single type of pathogenic microorganisms found in the root canals before treatment was detected. All patients had no complaints, and a control X-ray examination showed no pathological changes after year treatment.
Syntactic Devices for Marking Information Structure in English and Arabic
Authors: Khalil Aziz
Published: January 2024

Syntactic Devices for Marking Information Structure in English and Arabic.
A Cognitive-Pragmatic Perspective on Proverbs and Its Implications for Translation
Authors: Maalej Zouhair
Published: January 2024

The present paper offers a state-of-the-art cognitive-pragmatic view of proverbs by reviewing two dominant theories known as the Great Chain Metaphor Theory (GCMT), defended by Lakoff and Turner (1989), Turner (1991, 1996, 2000), and Gibbs (1994, 2001, 2002, 2006), and the Extended Conceptual Base Theory (ECBT), defended by Honeck and Temple (1994), Honeck and Welge (1997), and Temple and Honeck (1999). The paper builds on some of the weaknesses and omissions of these two theories, suggesting adjustments and modifications for a more explanatory framework in light of evidence from English and Tunisian Arabic proverbial data. In particular, the ECBT’s conceptual, pragmatic, and psychological dimensions are questioned while the GCMT is criticized for the unilateral nature of its GENERIC IS SPECIFIC component. The outcome of this discussion offers a re-classification of proverbs as mapping-free, single-mapping, and multiple-mapping. The paper closes by addressing some of the implications of a cognitive-pragmatic view of proverbs for proverb translating..
Problems Arab EFL Students Encounter in Learning Prepositions
Authors: Fareh Shehdeh , Thabit Saeed Aziz
Published: January 2024

This paper reports the findings of a study that aimed at identifying the difficulties that Arab EFL learners encounter in using prepositions at the levels of both recognition and production. Data were collected through a specially designed questionnaire that was given to 50 university students. It was found that the overall performance of the subjects was low as they encounter a number of tangible difficulties in acquiring English prepositions. A hierarchy of difficulty was established and the major causes of these difficulties were identified. The semantic complexity of prepositions, the multi-uses each preposition has and negative transfer from Arabic were found to be among the major causes of difficulty..
Davenant's The Siege ofRhodes and the New Attitude Towards the Orient
Authors: Abdul Aziz Saab Haitham
Published: January 2024

With the first production of The Siege of Rhodes in 1656 came the birth of a new dramatic form in England, a heroic play which, more or less, has all the ingredients of the genre. Davenant dramatised a memorable historical event involving the Orient, an event which no one had attempted to represent on the stage before (and probably never afterwards). In fact, the historical battle for Rhodes with all the exotic Oriental details in Davenant's plot allowed him to introduce and explore vividly various theatrical techniques, such as the use of spectacular settings and of multiple and changeable scenery. Davenant revised the first version of his play, producing a second part in 1661; the two parts together were published in one edition in 1663. The play, which also has claims to being the first Opera on the English stage, marked the resumption of theatrical activity after the long closure of the theatres. 1he piay is, therefore, situated at a crucial turning point in the history ofEnglish
drama. IV!oreover, The SiP.(JP nt Rhodes inaugurated a new attitude
J -
towards the Orient in Engiish dramatic tradition. Davenant's adaptation
of a historical Oriental subject, i.e. the Turkish siege and conquest of Christian Rhodes, and of a heroic, romantic atmosphere, has attracted sorri'e critical commentary. In this paper, I am interested in Davenant's handling of the Oriental material available to him. I seek to throw light on his original and complex representation of the Orient in this first Restoration drama representing such an important historical event for both Christians and Turks.
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Theatricality of the Chivalric World in Thomas Malory's Le Morte D'arthurr
Authors: Bukowska Joanna
Published: January 2024

The paper presents various aspects of theatricality in Thomas Malory' s Le Marte D'arthur. It explores the predominant performative character of the culture of shame and honour, in which ceremonious forms of knightly behaviour create public spectacle of chivalric ideals. The theatrical aspects of Arthur's world are analysed in the context of Erving Goffman' s concepts of the self as a product of dramatic performance, an object of social ritual and a participant of a strategic game. Due to the insight provided by these sociological theories, chivalric performance is considered as an expression of tendencies towards idealisation and the assumption of its sincerity is shown as a necessary element of the gamelike nature of social interaction. Self-regulating procedures of this culture are provided by knightly rituals, whose theatricality is determined by their stylisation and the presence of spectators. Apart, however, from the overt theatricality of the chivalric display, the article also scrutinises the textual theatricality of Le Marte D'arthur, evident in the sensuality of the narrative style, abundant in visual and aural markers of combat intensity. Since Malory skilfully shifts the vantage point, which situates the evaluative frame within the narrative, the reader is presented with a complete spectacle, in which he may observe both the performers and the audience..
The Amorous Dynamics of Romanticism
Authors: B. Oueijan Naji
Published: January 2024

If a poet writes a poem, it is because he/she loves poetry; and if he/she loves poetry, it is because he/she loves the elements that warrant poetic experience. These elements, including the poet himself and all that constitutes a poem (the subject matter, poetic diction and form), act intimately one upon the other to produce poetic experiences. The agent that activates the interaction of all of these elements is amour; it is a love liaison, which in Romanticism, is principally invigorated by spontaneous powerful feelings. In this work, 1 claim that in Romanticism an affaire d'amour takes place between the self and the other, the poet and the poem; this culminates with amorous moments (ecstatic poetic experiences), which Wordsworth would call "spots of time" and Shelley, "visitations of the divinity". The dynamics of amour are motor forces that seem to embrace, exalt, and serve the poet-lover..
Levantine and Arabian Travels:European and American Experiences (Part 1)*
Authors: Obeidat Marwan , Mumayiz Ibrahim
Published: January 2024

European and American travel experiences in the Levant and Arabia serve, in the last analysis, as a treatise on the psychology of human quest rather than mere records of individual itineraries. During the Crusades, this quest was prompted by the desire for  religious fulfillment augmented by the innate European craving for the mysterious and the exotic. The Renaissance evinced a consuming curiosity about Islam's holy cities in Arabia; a curiosity that had been fuelled by the Crusader wars against the Muslim enemy. European travel to Arabia, across the centuries up to the nineteenth, was a hazardous adventure into a mysterious and forbidden land; an adventure which whetted European craving for travel. By the nineteenth century, Levantine and Arabian travel had developed into a science in which experts - Egyptologists, and other archaeologists, Arabists, sociologists, and Biblical scholars practiced their respective fields of specialization. The early twentieth century saw the rise of a new type of travel writer; that of the archaeologist/political officer, whose activities, for the first time since the Middle Ages, were part and parcel of British imperial interests. Arabian travel, in the traditional sense, came to an end in the 1950's, with the completion of the exploration of the Empty Quarter. European and American travel experiences in the Levant and Arabia, as surveyed in this article, being a prototype of a treatise on quest psychology, serve, hopefully, to invite yet further research on the psychology of quest..
Euphemism and Dysphemism in the War-on -Iraq Discourse
Authors: Mazid Bahaa-Eddin
Published: January 2024

The paper explores the use of euphemism and dysphemism in the war-on-Iraq discourse as found in a small number of relevant documents and news reports. A quadrant of euphemizing and dysphemizing is identified. Positive representation of self and negative representation of other are the realizations of the strategic functions of legitimizing and deligitmizing and these are, in turn, important tools of war propaganda and counter-propaganda..
Using Translation as a Means of Overcoming Cross-cultural Pragmatic Failure
Authors: M. Taha Fayez , M. T. Aqi Fawwaz
Published: January 2024

This paper seeks to shed light on some of the major areas where cross-cultural pragmatic failure s occur . It further argues that translation may be profitably used in EFL classes as a means of minimizing if not eradicating such failures..
The Representation of Islam in Medieval Western Narratives
Authors: Hassan Abu-Baker Mohamed
Published: January 2024

It was in this spirit of religious hostility that imaginative European narratives cultivated this polemical tradition in constructing a negative image of Islam and Muslims that was relevant to the purpose of their representations. Two outstanding themes emerge from these representations: namely that the Islamic East is the realm of lascivious sensuality and inherent violence. Nevertheless, some authors were able to transcend the limitations of such crude representations to question their culture or to articulate their individual positions or both..
Levantine and Arabian Travels: European and American Experiences: Part 2*
Authors: Obeidat Marwan , Mumayiz Ibrahim
Published: January 2024

By the 19th century, Levantine and Arabian travel had developed into a science in which experts - Egyptologists, and other archaeologists, Arabists, sociologists, and Biblical scholars -- practiced their respective fields of specialization. In that century European interest in the Levant had crossed the Atlantic with a vengeance. Some 150 American travelers published accounts of their travels in the Levant. The early 20th century saw the rise of a new type of travel-writer; that of the archaeologist/ political officer, whose were part and parcel of British imperial interests..

European and American travel experiences in the Levant and Arabia, as surveyed in this article, being a prototype of a treatise on quest psychology, serve, hopefully, to invite yet further research on the psychology of quest..
The Effectiveness of Machine Translation
Authors: M. AI-Salman Saleh
Published: January 2024

Insofar as machine translation is based on computerized natural language processing techniques, it still subscribes to the popular notion that the best translations are not simple word-for-word translations. Consequently, approaches to translation both by humans as well as machines face the same difficulties. The need for analyzing structural similarities between natural languages (e.g., English and Arabic), going beyond the surface structure to analyze the core meaning and translate concepts into other languages , among other things, still holds

This paper maps out the pros and cons of machine translation in dealing with problems of contextuality, culture-bound expressions, lexical and structural ambiguity, and idiomatic expressions. The paper concludes that while

considering machine translation a step in the right direction, it is premature to announce the birth of a full-fledged and independent approach to translation which can replace human translators . Even by capturing word expressions and building a database of translation phrases, computers cannot perform so well as human translators in most types of translation, despite the computer's ability to save time, cost and effort..
Poetics of Exile and Identity: The Case of Modern Iraqi Poetry
Authors: Al-Dabbagh Abdulla
Published: January 2024

In contrast to the postmodernist and postcolonialist glorification of “hybridity” and “loss of identity”, which in effect often serves only to bolster existing lines of demarcation guarding both literary being and literary expression, modern Iraqi poets, who played a vital role in the formation and rejuvenation of Arabic poetry in the twentieth century, while formed by the experience of exile that helped to bring them closer to world literary heritage, remained very much bound both to the rich, national, cultural heritage and to the contemporary social circumstances that affected the lives of the Iraqi people. Far from wanting to escape national identity into a vague “inbetween” state of postmodernist “unbelonging”, these poets were, in fact, instrumental in the very formation of a modern Iraqi national identity; an identity, furthermore, that far from the connotations of narrowness or xenophobia it may sometimes acquire, was truly cosmopolitan and open to the rich heritage both of world culture and of international literary practice..
Exploratory Feedback and Student Interaction
Authors: Abu Shakra Zena
Published: January 2024

A number of studies investigating language learning have largely concentrated on scaffolded instruction. Within the field of second language acquisition, such studies are based on an approach to understanding language and discourse as a scaffolding device which serves a psychological function in its role as mediator for the development of all higher mental functions. This study investigates how exploratory feedback as an element of scaffolded instruction is realized during writing instruction for a remedial class of English. The analysis of spoken discourse during the writing lessons is used to provide a linguistic understanding of exploratory feedback as well as to demonstrate the type of student interaction that ensues as a result. Findings suggest not only ways in which instructor feedback to student response may assume an exploratory nature, but also the impact which such feedback has on student involvement in classroom discourse. The theoretical implications of this are then discussed..
A Feminist Perspective of Virginia Woolf’s Selected Novels Mrs. Dalloway and To the Lighthouse
Authors: M. Shihada Isam
Published: January 2024

The aim of this study is to examine Virginia Woolf’s contribution to the feminist question in her selected novels: Mrs. Dalloway (1925) and To the Lighthouse (1927). The study shows how Mrs. Woolf employed her novels to show women the way to obtain meaning in life and realize their identities. Virginia Woolf established herself as a distinguished feminist woman writer in her treatment of women’s helpless situation. She unveiled the causes of women’s oppression and provided us with a comprehensive answer for the women’s question..
Hymn of the Rain: Assayyab’s Decolonizing Task
Authors: Samarrai Ghanim
Published: January 2024

The Waste Land has always been considered as Eliot’s most celebrated poem in the critical writings in Arabic. Many critics often attribute the revolutionary change brought into Arabic poetry partially to this poem, and Badr Shakir Assayyab himself stresses that it should be admitted that The Waste Land has had a great influence on modern Arabic literature. Likewise, Assayyab’s poem, Unshudat al-Matar (Hymn of the Rain), has always been viewed as a landmark in the history of modern Arabic poetry. The poem has received a great deal of criticism, focused mainly on its new style, themes and images. It has enjoyed unprecedented success apparently because of its unprecedented rendering of the theme of rain. However, a considerable number of Arab critics enthusiastically contend that many of Assayyab’s techniques and themes were acquired mainly from Eliot. This claim was usually followed by a reference to The Waste Land and to its influence on Hymn of the Rain. In this paper, I do not deny the influence of Eliot, but things should be put in their context: Assayyab had the poetic vision which helped him reclaim his national symbols and counter Eliot’s colonizing approach..
Spatiality in Sayf AI-Din Hasan Babakir' s Al-Zaman al-Fadāī al-M'iwaj
Authors: Ayinde Oaldosu Afis
Published: January 2024

This article examines spatiality as an aesthetic expression of reality in Sayf al- Din Hasan Bābikir’s novel, Al-Zaman al- Fadāī al-M'iwaj. The novel marks new trends in Sudanese literary writing in the postmodern period. The theoretical framework is drawn from Michael Foucault, Henri Lefebvre and Gaston Bachelard. Beginning with the discussion of spatiality in Sudanese culture and an examination of Bābikir's technique the paper goes on to explore the inner, outer and spaces of emplacement in the novel as a strategy for the negotiation of the socio-cultural, political and historical realities of modern Sudan..
An Investigation into the Comparability of English Language Exit Tests in a Number of Tertiary Level Institutions in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Abdullah Alghamdi Ghunnallah
Published: January 2024

This paper attempted to examine the English language testing situation in some tertiary level institutions that use English as a medium of instruction in Saudi Arabia. The main question proposed is: to what extent do institutions in Saudi Arabia which are using English as a medium of instruction conform to the norms and standard of language tests' practices when designing language exit tests? For this purpose two questionnaires were designed. This paper concluded that reforms in language testing within some of the institutions studied are needed. These reforms should raise awareness among administrators and language testers to reconsider language testing procedures and testing qualities..
A Political or Apolitical Literature?
Authors: Khalil Hamdi Tahrir
Published: January 2024

A popular literary argument circulating the literary circuit nowadays concerns the supposedly “apolitical” nature of literature. This view of literature and literary theory is particularly expounded in Western academic circles, which intentionally depoliticize the political, claiming that any “political” reading is propaganda, not scholarship. It will be argued that the “depoliticization” process is itself a political move at its core, as Edward Said explains in much of his work, especially in his book The World, The Text and The Critic. This research will examine when and why literature and literary theory become most significantly “political” or even “apolitical.” This entails a close consideration of certain critical views and literatures arising in what has been called “crises cultures,” in addition to a reconsideration of traditional apolitical readings of the works of English literary poets, such as William Blake and Percy Shelley..
Information Processing by Interpreters: A Multidisciplinary Approach
Authors: M. Al-Salman Saleh
Published: January 2024

Interpreting studies (IS) have been largely inspired by models from other disciplines like psychology and linguistics. These studies have focused on errors in performance such as omission, substitution, addition and distortion of words, resulting from lagging and delayed ear-voice span (EVS). The theory of interpreting should not be based solely on descriptive or contrastive linguistics but also on the notion of "speech performance." Speech performance views interpreting as a cognitive activity, which goes beyond the mere understanding of the linguistic structure of the message to include the socio-cultural, psycholinguistic, and pragmatic dynamics of the communication. Such performance-based interpretation requires knowledge of the subject matter, the world and the broader context of the message. There is ample evidence that the process of interpreting is governed by an interdependence of variables such as the linguistic divergence between the SL and the TL, the sender’s performance, the technical equipment available and the interpreter’s skill, experience and expertise. It is the interplay of these factors that determines the interpreter’s success or failure in adopting the right strategies of text processing: segmentation, decoding of the SL segment, recoding, production, coping, dividing attention between the two tasks of listening and speaking, anticipation and output monitoring. The findings lend support to the thesis that for interpreters to conceptualize the process of interpreting and achieve optimum communication, they need to embrace an interdisciplinary frame of reference..
English False Cognates: An Embedded Factor in EFL Learning by Arab Adolescents
Authors: S. Al-Qadi Nassir
Published: January 2024

The study aimed to determine if Arab adolescents associate English words as false cognates with their Arabic homophones in English as Foreign Language (EFL) learning. It also investigated whether these individuals associated the meaning of the English false cognates with the meaning of their Arabic homophones in EFL learning. Two tests – Sound Association and Meaning Association – were designed and administered. Each test was composed of at least ten clear English false cognates. These false cognates were taken from English textbooks of the study subjects which were used in the initial three years of English language study from 7th grade up to 9th grade in public schools in Saudi Arabia. The subjects were around 100 Saudi Arabian adolescents studying at the 10th grade level. Results revealed that the subjects associated English false cognates with their Arabic homophones in EFL learning. Such an association positively correlated with the association done by eight Saudi Arabian English instructors. However, no significant correlation was found between the meaning of English false cognates and the meaning of their Arabic homophones. Results also revealed how the English false cognates have been embedded in EFL learning by Arab adolescents. It is hoped that the results will be useful for the student population at large, that is, all Arab adolescents in EFL learning at a similar level. Recommendations for teaching English false cognates to Arab adolescents include training with sound association drills and meaning association techniques..
The Semantics of –ship and -hood from a Foreign Language Learner’s Perspective
Authors: M. Hamdan Jihad , Al Jallad Nader
Published: January 2024

This paper reports on the findings of a large-scale study on how a group of EFL learners at university interact with the semantics of -ship and –hood. The data are elicited through a written task consisting of sixteen sentences, each containing a word that is normally suffixed with –ship or –hood. The subjects are asked to judge whether each sentence is error-free or faulty. If they decide that a certain sentence is erroneous, they are requested to identify the error and then correct it. The findings indicate the subjects do not find the semantics of –ship harder than that of –hood. It seems that the variation in accuracy scores is ascribed to the subjects' familiarity or unfamiliarity with particular items rather than to inherent difficulty associated with the suffix itself. Moreover, the findings suggest that the subjects' correction attempts are not consistent with their attempts to identify errors. Hence, it may be argued that only a high percentage of accurate judgments coupled with a similar high percentage of correction can be taken as an indication of the acquisition of the proposed constraints..
A Review of Sociocultural Theory in the Field of Second Language Acquisition
Authors: Abu Shakra Zena
Published: January 2024

Although increased attention has been given to sociocultural theory in the field of second language acquisition (SLA), only the surface has been scratched. The following paper provides a brief review of some of the sociocultural research which has been done in the field of SLA. The review is divided into four general areas: criticism of SLA research framed in the message model of communication; deficiencies in common instructional practices; the role of private speech in 2nd language learning; and discourse strategies for semiotic mediation. The review concludes by noting that sociocultural theory may be particularly enriching and relevant to the field of SLA because the acquisition of a language is after all first and foremost a social activity..
PENGARUH PENERAPAN E-REGISTRATION, E-FILING, DAN E-BILLING TERHADAP KEPATUHAN WAJIB PAJAK PADA (KPP) PRATAMA BULUKUMBA
Authors: Amir Amir , Aspira Era , Zulaeha Sitti
Published: January 2024

This study aims to determine the effect of the appalication of the E-Registration, E-Filing, and E-Billing systems partially on taxpayer compliance at KPP Pratama Bulukumba. The variables of this study are taxpayer compliance as the dependent variable (Y), E-Registration (X1), EFiling (X2), and E-Billing (X3) as independent variable. The population of this study is individual taxpayers registered in 2021 ad many as 73,121 at KPP Pratama Bulukumba, while the sample is individual taxpayers who apply E-Registration, E-Filing, and E-Billing in fulfilling their tax obligations taken by purposive techniques. Sampling is the selection of samples with certain considerations or certain criteria and the samples used in this study were 99 respondents. Data analysis was carried out by testing data quality, classical assumption test, multiple linear regression analysis, and hypothesis. The result of this study indicate that (1) the E-Registration variable has a positive and significant taxpayer compliance, (2) the E-Filing variabel has a negative and significant effect on individual taxpayer compliance, (3) the EBilling variable has a positive effect, and significant to individual taxpayer compliance at KPP Pratama Bulukumba.