bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Multilingual Families in a Digital Age: Mediational Repertoires and Transnational Practices, Kristin Vold Lexander and Jannis Androutsopoulos (2023)
Authors: Mowlaei Aghblagh Mahdi
Published: April 2024

Multilingual Families in a Digital Age: Mediational Repertoires and Transnational PracticesKristin Vold Lexander and Jannis Androutsopoulos (2023)New York: Routledge. Pp. 252ISBN: 9781032130248 (hbk)ISBN: 9781003227311 (ebk)
The West Wing: a fictitious dramatization of American idealism
Authors: Lorenzo-López José-G.
Published: April 2024

The aim of this article is to investigate the reasons behind the origins of the ideal American society and its embodiment in the television series The West Wing. To this end, the factors that led to the success of the series will be explored, at the precise moment when the public’s viewing habits began to change, as they started demanding more complex and ambiguous dramatic characters. In this context, the article examines the way in which Aaron Sorkin, the creator of the series, approached the writing of the episodes, avoiding overly naive idealism without renouncing the aim of building bridges with the foundations of the American past. The study analyses the most important plots of the first four seasons and their links to the society that emerged in the New World. Despite the problems inherent in such an undertaking, the conclusions show how Sorkin’s dramatic skills managed to dramatize idealism in order to bring the series closer to 21st century audiences, avoiding the cynicism that was starting to take hold in society at that moment, yet at the same time adapting the conflicts of the plot to the level of complexity required by the audience. Moreover, the prestige of the series has outlived the years in which it was produced, as it is still viewed today, at a time when the innocent point of view has decisively disappeared. Among the findings of the study, one interesting fact is that the fictional president, Josiah Bartlet, was given the name of a senator who actually signed the Declaration of Independence.
Analysis of the springback phenomenon using finite element method
Authors: Tran Tan Trung Le , Truong Thien Tich
Published: April 2024

The springback phenomenon is a significant concern in manufacturing processes, particularly in metal component forming, as it directly affects dimensional control and the shape of formed parts. Accurate prediction and analysis of springback are crucial for achieving precise dimensional control and ensuring the desired final shape. Therefore, this study focuses on analyzing the springback phenomenon using finite element method. The primary objective is to develop a Matlab program for analyzing three-dimensional springback problems. Throughout the research process, the understanding of the phenomenon has been enhanced. The developed program has been successfully implemented to model and simulate the forming process, considering various aspects of the problem. The results of the solutions have been compared and evaluated, leading to important conclusions. The research also outlines future developments in this field. It is hoped that the results and understanding of this research will contribute to the field of computational mechanics and inspire further research.
A Multi-objective Optimization of Window and Light Shelf Design in Office Buildings to Improve Occupants’ Thermal and Visual Comfort
Authors:   Faculty of Architecture, KHATAM University, Iran, Rezaei Fatemeh , Sangin Hamed ,   Department of Architecture, Faculty of Architecture and Urbanism, University of Art, Tehran, Iran, Heiranipour Milad ,   Department of Energy, Politecnico di Torino, Turin, Italy, Attia Shady ,   Sustainable Building Design Lab, Department of UEE, Faculty of Applied Sciences, University of Liege, 4000 Liege, Belgium
Published: April 2024

In office buildings, an efficient design of windows and using light shelves as a passive design strategy significantly influence the thermal and visual comfort of occupants while enhancing the productivity and health of users. This study proposes a multi-objective optimization for the optimal design of windows and light shelves in office buildings to improve occupants' comfort. Initially, a parametric model was developed using Grasshopper parametric software. Afterward, the Honeybee energy and daylight plugin was employed for simulating thermal and visual conditions, and finally, multi-objective optimization was conducted with the Octopus plugin. This plugin can determine the best solution as a compromise decision for maximizing occupants' comfort. In this paper, an office building in Tehran has been chosen as a case study. The decision variables are window-to-wall ratio (WWR), shading control strategy, viewpoint, the transmission of glass, light shelf length, and light shelf height. The objective functions of the study are the annual average Predicted Percentage of Dissatisfied (PPD) and the annual average Discomfort Glare Probability (DGP). According to the results, the proposed optimization model leads to an 18.5–70.1% and 9.3–57.1% reduction in DGP and PPD indexes, respectively. The study findings provide practical and useful instruction for architects to select optimal specifications of windows and light shelves to develop occupants' thermal and visual comfort in office buildings.
Pathogenic hyperactivation of mTORC1 by cytoplasmic EP300 in Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome
Authors: Ferret Lucille , Kroemer Guido , Djavaheri-Mergny Mojgan
Published: April 2024

In a recent issue in Nature Cell Biology, Sung Min Son et al. unveil a novel layer in the regulation of the mTORC1/autophagy axis by EP300 which can undergo nucleocytoplasmic shuttling in response to alterations in nutrient availability. The study highlights that, in Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome, overabundant cytoplasmic EP300 results in mTORC1 hyperactivation and impaired autophagy, potentially contributing to premature and accelerated aging.
Contenido de antocianinas y características físicas de granos de 300 accesiones de maíz pigmentado
Authors: Hidalgo Ramos D. M. , Rodríguez Herrera S.A , Palacios Rojas N. , López Benítez A. , García Osuna H. T. , Lozano del Río A. J. , Mancera Rico Arturo
Published: April 2024

Los maíces pigmentados poseen una gran cantidad de antioxidantes y una calidad nutricional mayor que el maíz comúnmente consumido (blanco o amarillo). El objetivo de esta investigación fue evaluar las características físicas de grano y el contenido de antocianinas totales de 300 accesiones de maíz pigmentado provenientes de la república mexicana, con la finalidad de promover su aprovechamiento y utilizarlas en programas de mejoramiento genético. Las variables evaluadas fueron: contenido de antocianinas totales, dureza de grano, peso de cien granos y dimensión de grano. Se realizó un análisis de componentes principales para estudiar la variabilidad. En contenido de antocianinas totales, la accesión HIDA 250 obtuvo el valor más alto con 723.9 μg Pel g-1, mientras que la accesión HIDA 247 presentó el valor más bajo con 136.53 μg Pel g-1. No se encontró correlación (P≤0.05) entre dureza de grano y dimensión de grano. La accesión CHIS1089 obtuvo el menor peso de cien granos (23.9 g), mientras que la accesión MICH86 obtuvo el mayor, (53.2 g). En los primeros dos componentes principales, las variables con mayor relevancia fueron: peso de 100 granos, el largo y el espesor (CP1), y contenido de antocianinas, dureza y ancho de grano (CP2).
Social inequalities in indicators of use of healthcare services by adolescents in Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
Authors: Lemos Vivian Castro , Barros Marilisa Berti de Azevedo , Lima Margareth Guimarães
Published: April 2024

Abstract: This study aimed to analyze the prevalence of indicators of use of healthcare services according to sex, income and race/skin color, in adolescents (aged 10-19 years old) based on data from the Health Survey of the Municipality of Campinas (ISACamp), carried out in 2014/2015 in Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil. The chi-square test was used to evaluate the differences between the outcome variables (indicators of use of healthcare service) and sex, income and race/skin color. Adjusted prevalence ratios (PR) were estimated using Poisson multiple regression models. The demand for medical care was high in the last year of the interview (79.2%), mostly attended by the Brazilian Unified National Health System (65.2%), with routine consultations being more prevalent for females (PR = 1.17; 95%CI: 1.01-1.34) and injury for the male population (PR = 0.47; 95%CI: 0.26-0.84). Economic and racial differences were found in the evaluation of the last medical consultation, with a higher prevalence of worse care among those with lower income (PR = 1.46; 95%CI: 1.14-1.87) and black people (PR = 1.27; 95%CI: 1.01-1.61). Inequalities remained for delay or failure to carry out exams (PR = 1.64; 95%CI: 1.02-2.64) and worse quality of dental care (PR = 2.10; 95%CI: 1.38-3.21) in those with lower income. Also, black people had fewer appointments with dentists (PR = 0.90; 95%CI: 0.82-0.99).
Nascer no Brasil II: protocolo de investigação da saúde materna, paterna e da criança no pós-parto
Authors: Miranda Theme Filha Mariza , Baldisserotto Márcia Leonardi , Leite Tatiana Henriques , Mesenburg Marilia Arndt , Fraga Ana Claudia Santos Amaral , Bastos Maria Pappaterra , Domingues Rosa Maria Soares Madeira , Gama Silvana Granado Nogueira da , Bittencourt Sônia Azevedo , Nakamura-Pereira Marcos , Esteves-Pereira Ana Paula , Leal Maria do Carmo
Published: April 2024

Resumo: A gravidez, o parto e o nascimento são momentos de grandes mudanças na vida das mães e dos pais. Este artigo tem como objetivo apresentar o protocolo da pesquisa para estimar a prevalência dos desfechos em saúde mental nas mães e pais no pós-parto, dos maus tratos e satisfação na atenção ao parto/abortamento, e as inter-relações entre eles e fatores socioeconômicos, obstétricos e da saúde da criança. A pesquisa tem dois componentes: estudo de coorte prospectiva com todas as puérperas entrevistadas nas 465 maternidades incluídas na linha de base da pesquisa Nascer no Brasil II realizada entre 2021 e 2023, e estudo seccional com os companheiros/pais dos bebês. As entrevistas são realizadas por ligação telefônica ou link de autopreenchimento enviado por WhatsApp com as puérperas aos 2 e 4 meses após o parto/aborto. Os companheiros são abordados três meses após o nascimento (excluídos os abortos, natimortos e neomortos), a partir do telefone informado pela puérpera na maternidade. As entrevistas abordam, entre as puérperas, sintomas de depressão, ansiedade e transtorno de estresse pós-traumático, maus-tratos na atenção na maternidade e qualidade do vínculo mãe-bebê. São investigados também a presença de morbidade materna e neonatal, utilização de serviços pós-natais, e satisfação com o atendimento na maternidade. Entre os pais, é abordada a ocorrência de sintomas de depressão e ansiedade, e a qualidade do relacionamento com a esposa/companheira e o bebê. As informações coletadas nessa etapa da pesquisa poderão subsidiar o planejamento e melhoria do cuidado voltado para a saúde da tríade mãe-pai-filho após o nascimento.
Mortes maternas como desafio para a assistência obstétrica em tempos da Covid-19 no Brasil
Authors: Guimarães Raphael Mendonça , Moreira Marcelo Rasga
Published: April 2024

Resumo Objetivos: analisar os efeitos da pandemia da Covid-19 na mortalidade materna no Brasil em 2021. Métodos: realizou-se estudo exploratório com descrição do excesso de mortalidade materna no Brasil para 2021, considerando diferentes cenários: (i) tendência linear 2015-2019; (ii) número de óbitos observados em 2020; (iii) tendência linear 2015-2019 corrigida para excesso de mortalidade geral; (iv) número de óbitos observados em 2020 corrigido pelo excesso de mortalidade geral. Resultados: em comparação com a tendência dos cinco anos anteriores, o ano de 2021 apresentou excesso de mortalidade de 39% (n=3030). A razãode mortalidade materna para 2021 ultrapassou a meta dos ODS para este indicador, atingindo um nível superior a 110 mortes maternas por cem mil nascidos vivos. Em qualquer cenário, houve excesso de mortalidade materna em 2021 superior à mortalidade geral em 2020. A análise estratificada por região demonstra heterogeneidade subnacional. Conclusão: a pandemia da Covid-19 teve impacto considerável na saúde materna, não só por levar ao aumento de mortes, mas também por aumentar a iniquidade em saúde. O ano de 2021 foi o período mais crítico da pandemia em termos de mortalidade. Barreiras ao acesso e uso de serviços de saúde são um desafio para alcançar os Objetivos de Desenvolvimento Sustentável relacionados à saúde.
Crianças Kaingang em Espaços Urbanos: Aprendizagens Culturais e Sustentabilidade Indígena no Paraná
Authors: Faustino Rosângela Célia , Novak Maria Simone Jacomini , Mota Lúcio Tadeu
Published: April 2024

RESUMO O texto aborda a presença de crianças Kaingang com suas famílias, na cidade de Maringá - PR, para a coleta de víveres, produção e comercialização do artesanato. Problematiza-se a redução dos territórios indígenas, o avanço urbano sob áreas tradicionais de caça, pesca e coleta e as novas estratégias indígenas para a sustentabilidade e manutenção sociocultural e linguística dos grupos, com ênfase na educação das crianças. Por meio de pesquisa documental e empírica, buscamos evidenciar que, apesar da existência de uma farta legislação internacional de proteção aos direitos indígenas, incrementada a partir dos anos de 1980, estas populações sofrem preconceito e discriminação nas cidades, locais onde buscam o sustento familiar. Em uma estratégia de resistência e (re)territorialização, as cidades têm se tornado espaços de aprendizagem de crianças indígenas Kaingang que, estando junto às suas famílias, são ensinadas a “ganhar a vida”, mantendo suas identidades e língua preservadas, apesar de toda a exclusão que vivenciam.
Kaingang Children Urban Spaces: Cultural Learning and Indigenous Sustainability in Paraná
Authors: Faustino Rosângela Célia , Novak Maria Simone Jacomini , Mota Lúcio Tadeu
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACT The text addresses the presence of Kaingang children, along with their families, in the city of Maringá, Paraná, Brazil, for the collection of food, production and sale of handcrafts. It problematizes the reduction of indigenous territories, the urban advancement on traditional hunting, fishing, and gathering areas and new indigenous strategies for the sustainability and sociocultural and linguistic maintenance of those groups, with an emphasis on their children’s education. Through documentary and empirical research, we seek to show that, despite the existence of a plentiful international legislation for the protection of indigenous rights, which was improved from the 1980s onwards, these populations suffer prejudice and discrimination in cities, places where they seek to support their families. In a strategy of resistance and (re)territorialization, cities have become learning spaces for Kaingang indigenous children who, by accompanying their families, are taught to “make a living” and keep their identities and language preserved despite all the exclusion they experience.
Operation Status of Special Physical Education in Special Classes in Middle and High Schools
Authors:   RehabilitationInternational Korea, Jang Chul Seung , Cho Chang Been
Published: April 2024

This study was conducted to understand the current status of special physical education in special classes in middle and high schools. To achieve the purpose of the study, a survey was conducted on 300 special education teachers working in middle and high schools using convenience sampling among non-probability sampling methods, and the survey responses from 148 people collected through this survey were analyzed. As a result of the study, it was found that 40.5% were practicing special physical education, while 59.5% were not practicing it. In implementing special physical education, the educational purpose was found to be students' acquisition of attitudes such as mutual cooperation, interpersonal skills, and rule compliance, and the most educational activities were found to be related to improving basic physical strength. The main places where special physical education was conducted were special class classrooms or gymnasiums, and the most frequent class times were once a week. The biggest reason for implementing special physical education was the expectation that students would be able to develop physically, cognitively, and emotionally through physical education activities. Based on these research results, specific implications were drawn and discussed
Plans to Improve Medical Access Rights for the People with Visual Impairment in the Era of Untact
Authors:   RehabilitationInternational Korea, Jo Sung-Jae , Lee Bo-Yoen , Kim Min
Published: April 2024

The purpose of this study was to review laws related to the right to health for the people with disabilities in Korea, and to identify the health status of people with visual impairment (PVI) and the discrimination or difficulties experienced in the process of using medical and health services. The concept of the right to health stipulated in domestic laws was reviewed, and online survey was used to investigate the health status of PVI. A total of 239 people participated in the survey, and basic health conditions, medical services, and medical support needs were collected from September 5 to October 31, 2022. The research results are as follows. First, an IT-based solution was needed to help PVI understand through voice or enlarged text for taking medication in medical institutions. Second, there is a need to promote the placement of manpower to provide one-stop support for patients with mobility difficulties in tertiary care institutions. Third, it is necessary to provide free support for essential healthcare auxiliary devices with voice or large text input/output functions through health insurance. Fourth, it is necessary to partially subsidize the cost of personal trainers or implement an exercise voucher system. Based on the research results, a plan to support the use of medical and health services and guarantee the right to health of PVI was proposed.
The Factors Influencing Care Burden on Parents of Elderly Developmental Disabilities and Parental Demands for Care Strategies
Authors:   RehabilitationInternational Korea, Kim Daegyu , Kim Sohyeon , Kim Hyunjin
Published: April 2024

This study aimed to identify factors influencing the care burden of parents of elderly individuals with developmental disabilities and to explore parents' perceptions of care strategies. A mixed-method design was employed, integrating both quantitative research, which analyzed 858 households with individuals aged 40 and above with developmental disabilities, using data from the '2021 Survey on the Daily Lives of Individuals with Developmental Disabilities.' Data processing was conducted using SPSS 25.0 and included frequency analysis, mean analysis, correlation analysis, and hierarchical multiple regression analysis. Qualitative research involved in-depth interviews with five parents of elderly individuals with developmental disabilities aged 40 and above. The results are following. First, the level of care burden experienced by parents significantly varied based on the personal characteristics of elderly individuals with developmental disabilities, including their health status, communication ability, and activities of daily living. Family characteristics, such as the health status of the caregiver and their employment status, social participation and activity-related characteristics, occupational factors, and future planning characteristics, all contributed to the significant differences in the care burden experienced by parents. Second, factors such as the gender, marital status, health status, daily living skills, caregiver's health status, employment status, and the perception of job necessity of elderly individuals with developmental disabilities had an impact on the care burden of parents. Third, The perceptions regarding caregiving strategies for parents of elderly individuals with developmental disabilities include 'Care Burden of Parents with Elderly Individuals with Developmental Disabilities', 'Demand for Posthumous Support to Ensure the Secure Life of Offspring', and 'Preparation for the Stable Aging of Elderly Individuals with Developmental Disabilities'. Based on these findings, recommendations are provided for alleviating the caregiving burden on parents of elderly individuals with developmental disabilities and suggesting policy and practical implications for aging support initiatives in both policy and field contexts.
New grape-feeding leafhoppers in Hungary – first records of Erasmoneura vulnerata (Fitch, 1851) and Arboridia kakogawana (Matsumura, 1931) (Hemiptera: Clypeorrhyncha: Cicadellidae)
Authors: Schlitt Bence Péter , Lajtár Lili , Orosz András
Published: April 2024

Erasmoneura vulnerata (Fitch, 1956) and Arboridia kakogawana (Matsumura, 1931) (Hemiptera: Clypeorrhycha: Cicadellidae: Typhlocybinae: Erythroneurini) are reported from Hungary for the first time.
The epistemic views of rural history teachers on school history as specialised subject knowledge
Authors: Dube M
Published: April 2024

This study aimed to understand the epistemic views of history teachers on school history as specialised subject of knowledge. This study adopted the qualitative research approach and interpretivism paradigm. I purposively sampled seven professionally qualified history teachers. For data generation, I used card sorting. What emerged was an unquestionable epistemic certainty to which the teachers steadfastly returned. Broadly speaking, to them school history as the specialised subject of knowledge was about past human actions, promoting human rights, critical thinking, and understanding values. In many ways this spoke of a fixed mindset in which the ideas of what school history should be-namely, procedural historical thinking as part of an analytical approach to the subject as found in the CAPS-History document-had limited to no impact. This could be attributed to the fact that the rural teachers who participated in this study had limited opportunities to be exposed to training related to the CAPS-History curriculum. Hence, their knowledge about school history is rooted in their historical, social, political, educational, and economic reality in which historical knowledge, common or general knowledge, political knowledge, generic skills, and character education are key matters.
Under the Influence: A Sectarian Railway Worker, the Bolsheviks, and the 1905 Russian Revolution
Authors: Schibanoff Susan , Schibanoff James M.
Published: April 2024

Of Moldovan-Ukrainian heritage, Hariton Czebanov (1886-1962) was administratively exiled with his family to Transcaucasia in 1892 as a religious dissenter (Stundist). Barred from an education, he went to work on the Transcaucasian Railway and joined the Bolshevik Party in protest of his discriminatory treatment. After the 1905 revolution, the party demanded increasingly criminal activity from him; Czebanov took part in robberies and terror attacks (“expropriation”) to fund the party intelligentsia in exile. He was jailed by the tsarist police several times. In 1907, out on bail and facing a sentence of “katorga” (penal servitude), Czebanov could no longer support the “muddy wave” of violence sweeping over the party. He stowed away on a steamer in Poti on the Black Sea and, three months later, arrived at Ellis Island. Once admitted to the U.S., Czebanov wrote a series of three letters detailing his dramatic passage to freedom. The article includes a translation of these detailed letters.
The Role of Work Stress in The Effect of Social Comparison on Social Anxiety: A Study on Aviation Industry Employees
Authors: Soyer Melis , Uludağ Duygu , Mert Merve
Published: April 2024

The aim of the research conducted in the aviation sector is to measure how effective stress is and whether it mediates social anxiety caused by the perception of social comparison experienced by individuals working in organisations. The research sample consists of ground service personnel working in the aviation sector in the Marmara Region. The study's findings revealed that social comparison and job stress significantly predicted social anxiety and that job stress had a mediating role. This study, conducted in the aviation sector, can be used to improve individuals' experiences in business life.
Kamu Harcamaları ve Vergi Gelirleri Arasındaki Asimetrik Nedensellik İlişkisi: Geçiş Ekonomileri Örneği
Authors: Bulut Emre , Çil Dilek
Published: April 2024

Çalışmanın amacı 12 geçiş ekonomisi için Dumitrescu & Hurlin (2012) panel asimetrik nedensellik analiziyle kamu harcamaları ile vergi gelirleri arasındaki nedensellik ilişkisinin araştırılmasıdır. Dumitrescu & Hurlin (2012) asimetrik nedensellik analizi bulgularına göre kamu harcamaları ve vergi gelirleri arasında asimetrik nedensellik ilişkisinin varlığı tespit edilmiştir. Buna göre, pozitif bileşenler arasında çift yönlü, negatif bileşenler arasında ise kamu harcamalarından vergi gelirlerine doğru tek yönlü bir nedensellik ilişkisinin varlığı belirlenmiştir. Elde edilen bulguların önemi, geçiş ekonomileri için pozitif ve negatif şoklara ilişkin sonuçların farklılık arz etmesi ve pozitif şoklara ilişkin sonucun mali senkronizasyon, negatif şoklara ilişkin sonucun ise harcama-vergi hipotezini desteklediğinin belirlenmiş olmasıdır.
1º Seminário Nacional sobre a Educação Ambiental e a Cidade + Verde
Authors: Palmisano Angelo , Godoy Jeane Aparecida Rombi de , Benini Sandra Medina , Pasquotto Geise Brizotti
Published: April 2024

ANAP e o Programa de Pós-Graduação Stricto Sensu Mestrado Acadêmico em Arquitetura e Urbanismo do UNIVAG em Associação com a PUC-Campinas, apresentam os trabalhos do 1º Seminário Nacional sobre a Educação Ambiental e a Cidade + Verde que teve como objetivo promover a conscientização ambiental em todos os segmentos sociais.
Об учёте лунно-солнечного влияния на грависейсмические колебания Земли с помощью осреднения
Authors: Антонов Юрий Васильевич , Антонова Ирина Юрьевна
Published: April 2024

Введение: Движения Луны и Солнца деформируют Землю и атмосферу, в результате чего возникают гравитационные и сейсмические колебания с периодом, близким к суточному. Методика: Для практических целей нередко требуется выделение локальной части изменения сейсмического и гравитационного полей, т.е. исключить из физических измерений влияние Луны и Солнца. Что же касается измерений силы тяжести, то этот вопрос решен давно. Результаты и обсуждение: Для разделения притяжения Луны и Солнца от пульсаций можно воспользоваться методом осреднения. Периоды пульсаций на один-два порядка меньше. Тогда осреднение с небольшим интервалом практически не изменит лунно-солнечные вариации, но почти сведет к нулю влияние пульсаций. Выводы: Относительно сейсмических колебаний для разделения притяжения Луны и Солнца от пульсаций можно воспользоваться методом осреднения из-за большой разности периодов колебаний между пульсациями Солнца с Луной.
Knowing with Microalgae: On the Maintenance of a Wastewater Treatment Prototype in an Ecovillage
Authors: De Wilde Mandy , Smits Fenna
Published: April 2024

In this article, we present a case study of an experimental set up of a microalgae-based wastewater treatment prototype in an ecovillage requiring many maintenance operations to function. Taking our cue from maintenance and repair studies, we focus on the embodied engagements by which caring for wastewater unfolds. We examine how aquatic ecologists, environmental engineers and villagers use their senses as instruments of inquiry when handling wastewater, as they observe its colour and smell its occupants, and manually check the connections between tubes and pumps. A multispecies body of microbial wastewater figures prominently, as the metabolism of three species of microalgae dwelling in the wastewater is key to the functioning of the prototype. Turning to insights from multispecies ethnographies of laboratory studies, we expand our focus on embodied engagements across the species barrier while maintenance unfolds. We show how ecologists, engineers and villagers engage in ‘knowing with microalgae’ as the algal community invokes and adapts its metabolism in surprising ways to the interferences stirred by their human caretakers. By juxtaposing three ethnographic stories about knowing (1) with hungry, (2) with stressed, and (3) with dying microalgae, we show how algal bodies are both object and instrument of inquiry. Unexpectedly, they also become, tools of repair, liaising with their human caretakers, with other microorganisms and with added chemicals in the wastewater, as well as natural forces such as heat, sunshine, and frost. Considering the maintenance of and by living matter such as microalgae, we raise questions about life and death as the object of maintenance shifts. In so doing, we urge for a multispecies perspective on maintenance that acknowledges that ‘the inclusion of nonhuman others from the animal/organic world produces a different set of ethical concerns than the engagement with technological entities’ (Puig de la Bellacasa 210, 159). This is needed as societies advance towards ecologically sustainable modes of living in which humans will progressively cohabitate with a wide variety of species as well as the technologies that house and facilitate them.
Software Maintenance as Materialization of Common Knowledge
Authors: Ojala Mace , Leavitt Cohn Marisa
Published: April 2024

While development of software always implicitly takes place in contexts of inherited entanglements and legacies, its maintenance deals explicitly with what is already present. Software maintenance locates itself in media res, in the middle of things. Maintaining software typically involves intervening in the material archive of source code, documentation, and software tools. Doing so successfully requires relevant situated knowledge of how the software at hand already hangs together, and how to effectively put this knowledge to use. This knowledge builds on first-hand experience, acquired in practice over shared lifetimes of people and code. For code to continue to endure over time, ongoing articulation of its entanglements is externalized and materialized across contributing programmers and software development tools, each themselves vulnerable and in need of maintenance. This paper analyzes how this process of externalizing and materializing knowledge is negotiated. We conclude that the common knowledge which suspends the string figure of software in time and in a broken world (Jackson 2014) is always a locally hybrid assemblage which carries this knowledge forward. Hence, to maintain software well is to add on to its legacy.
Fluorescence assay for Enterovirus D68 3C protease activity measurement v1
Authors: Giroud Charline , not provided oleg.fedorov
Published: April 2024

This protocol details the fluorescence assay for Enterovirus D68 (EV-D68) 3C protease activity measurement. This method is intended to measure the activity of viral proteases by using a specific labelled-peptide that allows the detection of the cleaved product. The substrate contains the cleavage-sequence specific to the tested protease and is labeled in C-terminal by the fluorophore Edans (ex 336 nm; em: 455 nm) and in N-ternimal by the quencher Dabcyl (ex 472 nm). In the case of a non-cleaved substrate, the proximity of Dabcyl to Edans prevents the emission and the detection of the fluorescence at 455 nm. The cleavage of the peptide by the protease allows Edans’ fluorescence emission and detection.
Crystallization of SARS-CoV-2 nsp15 NendoU v1
Authors: Marples Peter , Fearon Daren , Koekemoer Lizbé , Schutzer de Godoy Andre
Published: April 2024

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the causative agent of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The NSP15 endoribonuclease enzyme, known as NendoU, is highly conserved and plays a critical role in the ability of the virus to evade the immune system. NendoU is a promising target for the development of new antiviral drugs. This protocol was used to grow SARS CoV-2 NSP15 crystals that were applied high-throughput crystallographic fragment screening at XChem.
Crystallization of Enterovirus D68 3C protease v1
Authors: Lithgo ryan , Marples Peter , Koekemoer Lizbé , Fearon Daren
Published: April 2024

The development of effective broad-spectrum antivirals forms an important part of preparing for future pandemics. A cause for concern is the currently emerging pathogen Enterovirus D68 (EV-D68) which primarily spreads through respiratory routes causing mostly mild to severe respiratory illness but, in severe cases, acute flaccid myelitis. The 3C protease of EV-D68 is a potential target for the development of antiviral drugs due to its essential role in the viral life cycle and high sequence conservation. This protocol was used to grow D68 3C ProB crystals that were applied high-throughput crystallographic follow up compound screening on D68 3C.
MERS-CoV Mpro large scale purification protocol v1
Authors: Wang Korvus , fairhead michael , Williams Eleanor
Published: April 2024

This protocol details the expression and purification of MERS Mpro construct bearing a N-terminal His-SUMO tag at large scale (>6L).
Crystallization of Zika virus NS3 helicase v1
Authors: Schutzer de Godoy Andre , Marples Peter , Koekemoer Lizbé
Published: April 2024

The crystallization protocol and buffer conditions used to obtain Zika NS3 helicase crystals suitable for XChem fragment screening. The Zika virus (ZIKV), discovered in Africa in 1947, swiftly spread across continents, causing significant concern due to its recent association with microcephaly in newborns and Guillain-Barré syndrome in adults. Despite a decrease in prevalence, the potential for a resurgence remains, necessitating urgent therapeutic interventions. Like other flaviviruses, ZIKV presents promising drug targets within its replication machinery, notably the NS3 helicase (NS3Hel) protein, which plays critical roles in viral replication. However, a lack of structural information impedes the development of specific inhibitors targeting NS3Hel. This protocol was used to grow Zika NS3 crystals that were applied high-throughput crystallographic fragment screening on ZIKV NS3 Helicase.
Crystallization of Zika virus NS2B-NS3 protease v1
Authors: not provided xiaomin.ni , Marples Peter , Fearon Daren , Koekemoer Lizbé
Published: April 2024

Zika virus (ZIKV) infections causes microcephaly in new-borns and Guillain-Barre syndrome in adults raising a global public health concern, yet no vaccines or antiviral drugs are available to treat or prevent ZIKV infections. The viral NS3 protease with its NS2B cofactor is essential for the cleavage of Zika polyprotein precursor into individual structural and non-structural proteins and is therefore an attractive drug target. We optimized a robust crystal system of co-expressed NS3 protease with its NS2B cofactor and used this in a crystallographic fragment screening campaign.
Fluorescence assay for Enterovirus coxsackievirus A16 2A protease activity measurement v1
Authors: Giroud Charline , not provided oleg.fedorov
Published: April 2024

This protocol details the fluorescence assay for Enterovirus coxsackievirus A16 (CVA16) 2A protease activity measurement. This method is intended to measure the activity of viral proteases by using a specific labelled-peptide that allows the detection of the cleaved product. The substrate contains the cleavage-sequence specific to the tested protease and is labeled in C-terminal by the fluorophore Edans (ex 336 nm; em: 455 nm) and in N-ternimal by the quencher Dabcyl (ex 472 nm). In the case of a non-cleaved substrate, the proximity of Dabcyl to Edans prevents the emission and the detection of the fluorescence at 455 nm. The cleavage of the peptide by the protease allows Edans’ fluorescence emission and detection.
Dolor y Sedimentación
Authors:   The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Geniusas Saulius
Published: April 2024

Este artículo explora la noción del dolor en relación con su experiencia temporal. Se desafía la presunción de que el dolor es algo experimentado exclusivamente de forma consciente en el presente. Para llevar a cabo esta empresa, se parte de la noción de la sedimentación husserliana con el fin de dar cuenta de la relación entre la estructura temporal de la conciencia y el dolor. La exploración de las experiencias sedimentadas e implícitas se analiza primero fenomenológicamente, principalmente a partir de los Manuscritos C. Esto es enseguida aplicado a diferentes casos médicos, lo que pone de relieve la paradójica fuerza del pasado en la experiencia del dolor. En otras palabras, se argumenta que la anticipación del futuro también puede ser una experiencia dolorosa. La apreciación de estas situaciones aporéticas en la experiencia del dolor, analizadas a la par con dos tipos de conciencia, la explícita y la implícita, plantean la cuestión de si se puede vivir un “dolor inadvertido”, puramente implícito, en el presente. El fenómeno se explica con base en la distinción entre sedimentaciones primarias y secundarias que hace Merleau-Ponty: las primeras, aparentemente contradictorias, pueden no obstante interpretarse como conciencia en su modalidad de inatención. Al igual que las experiencias temáticas o co-atendidas, estas también pertenecen al arco de la intencionalidad. La idea de un dolor no-advertido hace aún más compleja la afirmación de que el dolor sea algo vivido exclusivamente de forma consciente en el presente.
FEATURES OF THE MODERNIZATION OF MARXISM IN THE PRACTICE OF THE CCP
Authors:   State Tax University, Kyiv, Ukraine, Chupriy Leonid , Yevdokymova Liudmyla ,   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: April 2024

B a c k g r o u nd . The article focuses on the study of modern adaptations and modifications of Marxist principles in the context of the practice of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP). Focusing on the process of modernization, the article explores how Marxism developed and adapted to China's unique socio-political and economic landscape. Through an in-depth analysis of the CCP's policy and ideological changes, the article sheds light on the distinctive features characterizing the modernization of Marxism in the Chinese context. The study covers not only theoretical aspects but also practical aspects, providing a refined understanding of the specifics of the relationship between Marxist ideology and the dynamic realities of Chinese governance. M e t h o d s . The article uses an in-depth analysis of the politics, ideological changes, and practical aspects of the CCP. The research is based on an analysis of primary sources, including official documents, political speeches and ideological narratives. R e s u l t s . The authors found that the ideology of the CCP is based on Marxism, but adapted to the unique historical context of China, often framed in the concept of "socialism with Chinese characteristics". This adaptation reflects the CCP's recognition of China's special conditions, cultural heritage, and development needs. At its core, Marxism provides the theoretical foundation for the ideology of the CCP, emphasizing class struggle, historical materialism, and the ultimate goal of achieving a classless communist society. However, the CCP recognizes that the application of Marxist principles must take into account the specific realities of China, distinguishing its path from the classical Marxist trajectory. C o n c l u s i o n s . The study highlights that the CCP recognizes the importance of adapting Marxist principles to the specific conditions of China. Acceptance of the concept of "socialism with Chinese characteristics" defines a pragmatic approach to the integration of Marxist ideology with the conditions of the country, taking into account its path of economic development and modernization.
Eleştirel Güvenlik Çalışmaları’nın Tıkanıklığında Yeni Açılımlar: Görsel ve Yerel Güvenlik Çalışmaları’nın Vaatleri
Authors: Çöpoğlu Muhammed Onur
Published: April 2024

Eleştirel güvenlik çalışmaları yazını özellikle son 10 yılda pek çok teorik tartışmaya sahne olmuştur. Bu tartışmalar, derinleşme ve genişleme eksenlerinde büyüyen yazının eleştirilerinden beslenmiştir. Nihayetinde, eleştirel güvenlik yazınının tıkandığı tezi genel kabul görmüştür. Bu tez Gramsci’nin ünlü deyişiyle, eleştirel güvenlik çalışmalarının “eskinin öldüğü ve yeninin doğamadığı” bir fetret devri (interregnum) halinde olduğunu da göstermektedir. Fakat ümit verici olan, alanın hâkim teorik yaklaşımlarına dair bu rahatsızlığın gölgesinde alternatif teorilerin gelişmeye ve ilgi görmeye başlamasıdır. Disiplinin genişleme ve derinleşme eksenleri dışında açılımını (opening) savunan manifesto da, bir anlamda güvenliği anlamamıza ve çalışmamıza dair yeni yolların açılabilmesini savunan bir girişim olarak kendini göstermiştir. Bu nedenle, yeni gelişen alternatif yaklaşımları Türkçe yazına tanıtmak makalenin temel hedefidir. Bu yaklaşımlar Görsel (Visual) Güvenlik ve Yerel (Vernacular) Güvenlik çalışmalarıdır. Makale, söz konusu yaklaşımların temel argümanlarını Türkçe yazına kazandırmayı amaçladığı için tanımlayıcı bir çalışmadır ve bütünleyici yazın taramasına dayanmaktadır. Makalede ilk olarak, eleştirel güvenlik çalışmalarının gelişiminin kısa bir haritalandırması yapılarak, bu çalışmaların günümüzde nasıl bir tıkanıklığa ulaştığına dair bir değerlendirme yapılacaktır. Bunu takiben, makale iki yeni alternatif güvenlik yaklaşımı olan Yerel ve Görsel güvenlik çalışmalarını odağına alacaktır. Sonuç olarak makale, iki alternatif yaklaşımın da güvenliğin çalışılmasına özgün katkılar yapabileceği sonucuna varmaktadır.
Özel Askeri Şirketlerin Kaynak Ülke Açısından Taşıdığı Riskler: Wagner Örneği
Authors: Tuncel Gökhan , Ağır Osman , Özdemir Fatma Nur
Published: April 2024

Savaşların doğasının değişmesiyle birlikte hibrit savaşlar yaygınlık kazanmış ve bu doğrultuda özel askeri şirketler, özellikle küresel hedefleri bulunan devletlerin, savaş stratejilerinde önemli bir araç haline gelmiştir. Özel askeri şirketler kaynak ülkelere çeşitli avantajlar sağlamakla birlikte bu ülkeler açısından tehdit oluşturabilecek riskleri de bünyelerinde barındırmaktadırlar. Küresel politikada etkinlik kazanma amacı taşıyan ve küresel hedefleri doğrultusunda özel askeri şirketleri dış politikada araçsallaştıran Rusya Federasyonu’nun en önemli özel askeri şirketi Wagner’in isyan girişimi, özel askeri şirketlerin kaynak ülkeler açısından taşıdığı risklerin yeniden tartışılır hale gelmesini sağlamıştır. 2014 yılında Rusya’nın Kırım’ı ilhakında görev alarak dünyada adını duyurmaya başlayan ve Rusya açısından kullanışlı bir aygıta dönüşen Wagner’in isyanı, bu tür yapılanmaların kontrol altında tutulamadıklarında kaynak ülkeler açısından önemli ulusal güvenlik sorunlarına yol açabileceklerini ortaya çıkarmıştır. Bu çalışmada öncelikle Wagner örneği üzerinden özel askeri şirketlerin kaynak ülkeler açısından taşıdığı riskler tartışılmakta, daha sonra Wagner’in Rus siyasetindeki rolü ve etkisi değerlendirilerek Rusya açısından meydana getirdiği tehditler ele alınmaktadır. Tarihsel ve betimsel metodolojinin kullanılacağı bu çalışma, “özel askeri şirketlerin aşırı güçlendiklerinde ve kaynak ülkeye yakın coğrafyalarda görev yaptıklarında kaynak ülkedeki siyasal iktidar için risk oluşturabilecekleri” denencesine dayanmaktadır.
The Limits of Individual Regulation of Marital Relations based on a Marriage Contract
Authors: Akhmedov A. Ya.
Published: April 2024

The paper examines the qualifying features and elements of a marriage contract under the provisions of the Civil and Family Codes of the Russian Federation, as well as the specifics of legal regulation of relations arising in connection with its conclusion. The author critically investigates limitations of freedom of the marriage contract provided for by the mandatory norms of the Family Code of the Russian Federation and the definition of the marriage contract. The author justifies admissibility of determining the shares in the right to the common property of spouses or specific property belonging to them in the event of death or bankruptcy of one or both spouses. At the same time, special attention is paid to incompatibility of the marriage contract with involuntary creditors and creditors to whom its terms were not disclosed, as well as ex post control of the fairness of the terms of the marriage contract. According to the author, the regulatory potential of a marriage contract should not be limited mainly to the disposal of the spouses’ property belonging to them. The author brings up for discussion the possibility of using a marriage contract not only as an administrative, but also as an obligatory transaction, through which it is possible to regulate all property and personal non-property relations arising between spouses, including spouses with common children, in connection with marriage, in marriage and in the event of its termination. The paper highlights that a marriage contract may contain the terms of a corporate agreement defining the procedure for one of the spouses to exercise corporate rights. The author comes to the conclusion that it is necessary to develop dispositive (discretionary) principles regulating relations arising from a marriage contract and defining it as an agreement to family creation and functioning as a non-subjective entity, which would allow considering a marriage contract as a kind of a simple partnership agreement.
Carbon dioxide concentration in the air of school gyms during classes
Authors: Mylnikova Inna V. , Kudaev Andrey N. , Efimova Natalya V.
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND: Elevated levels of carbon dioxide in gym air can diminish the benefits of physical activity and pose health risks for children..
AIM: to access carbon dioxide concentration in the air of school gyms during physical education classes.
MATERIAL AND METHODS: A total of 612 measurements were taken to estimate the concentration of carbon dioxide in the air. These measurements were conducted in two separate gymnasiums: in Gym 1, designated for primary classes with an area of 77 m2, and Gym 2, used by middle and high school students with an area of 293 m2. Measurements were taken at 12 different points, both around the perimeter and in the central part of each gym. The height when measuremenmts were taken ranged from 0 to 230 cm. To assess the carbon dioxide concentration in the gym air, the background level was calculated based on GOST 30494-2011 standards (761.5 ppm). Student’s t-tests for independent samples were used to compare the data. Additionally, a regression analysis was utilized to estimate the spatial distribution of carbon dioxide within the gymnasiums.
RESULTS: In Gym 1, the initial concentrations ranged from 845 to 1267 ppm, slightly exceeding the expected throughput. Throughout the training session, the carbon dioxide content increased by 1.6 to 2.3 times. By the end of the session, the carbon dioxide content reached 1934 to 1948 ppm at an estimated respiration level of 1.0 to 1.9 m. In Gym 2, the carbon dioxide content increased by 1.1 to 1.2 times by the end of the class. At a height of 0.0 to 1.7 m, the concentration of carbon dioxide was measured at 1016 to 1023 ppm.
CONCLUSION: After 20 minutes of training at the expected intensity, carbon dioxide levels in the air exceed not only the background level of 761.5 ppm, but also the permissible level of 1000 ppm. This study highlights the importance of daily monitoring of carbon dioxide levels in school gymnasiums during training sessions and sporting events. Such monitoring is crucial for ensuring the health and safety of students and athletes.