bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Devouring the Milky Way Satellites: Modeling Dwarf Galaxies with Galacticus
Authors: Weerasooriya Sachi , Bovill Mia Sauda , Benson Andrew , Musick Alexi M. , Ricotti Massimo
Published: May 2023

Dwarf galaxies are ubiquitous throughout the universe and are extremely sensitive to various forms of internal and external feedback. Over the last two decades, the census of dwarf galaxies in the Local Group and beyond has increased markedly. While hydrodynamic simulations (e.g., FIRE II, Mint Justice League) have reproduced the observed dwarf properties down to the ultrafaints, such simulations require extensive computational resources to run. In this work, we constrain the standard physical implementations in the semianalytic model Galacticus to reproduce the observed properties of the Milky Way satellites down to the ultrafaint dwarfs found in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey. We run Galacticus on merger trees from our high-resolution N–body simulation of a Milky Way analog. We determine the best-fit parameters by matching the cumulative luminosity function and luminosity–metallicity relation from both observations and hydrodynamic simulations. With the correct parameters, the standard physics in Galacticus can reproduce the observed luminosity function and luminosity–metallicity relation of the Milky Way dwarfs. In addition, we find a multidimensional match with half-light radii, velocity dispersions, and mass to light ratios at z = 0 down to M

V
≤ −6 (L ≥ 104
L
⊙). In addition to successfully reproducing the properties of the z = 0 Milky Way satellite population, our modeled dwarfs have star formation histories that are consistent with those of the Local Group dwarfs.
AGN STORM 2. II. Ultraviolet Observations of Mrk 817 with the Cosmic Origins Spectrograph on the Hubble Space Telescope*
Authors: Homayouni Y. , De Rosa Gisella , Plesha Rachel , Kriss Gerard A. , Barth Aaron J. , Cackett Edward M. , Horne Keith , Kara Erin A. , Landt Hermine , Arav Nahum , Boizelle Benjamin D. , Bentz Misty C. , Brink Thomas G. , Brotherton Michael S. , Chelouche Doron , Dalla Bontà Elena , Dehghanian Maryam , Du Pu , Ferland Gary J. , Ferrarese Laura , Fian Carina , Filippenko Alexei V. , Fischer Travis , Foley Ryan J. , Gelbord Jonathan , Goad Michael R. , González Buitrago Diego H. , Gorjian Varoujan , Grier Catherine J. , Hall Patrick B. , Hernández Santisteban Juan V. , Hu Chen , Ilić Dragana , Joner Michael D. , Kaastra Jelle , Kaspi Shai , Kochanek Christopher S. , Korista Kirk T. , Kovačević Andjelka B. , Kynoch Daniel , Li Yan-Rong , McHardy Ian M. , McLane Jacob N. , Mehdipour Missagh , Miller Jake A. , Mitchell Jake , Montano John , Netzer Hagai , Panagiotou Christos , Partington Ethan , Pogge Richard W. , Č. Popović Luka , Proga Daniel , Rogantini Daniele , Storchi-Bergmann Thaisa , Sanmartim David , Siebert Matthew R. , Treu Tommaso , Vestergaard Marianne , Wang Jian-Min , Ward Martin J. , Waters Tim , Williams Peter R. , Zaidouni Fatima , Zu Ying
Published: May 2023

We present reverberation mapping measurements for the prominent ultraviolet broad emission lines of the active galactic nucleus Mrk 817 using 165 spectra obtained with the Cosmic Origins Spectrograph on the Hubble Space Telescope. Our ultraviolet observations are accompanied by X-ray, optical, and near-infrared observations as part of the AGN Space Telescope and Optical Reverberation Mapping Program 2 (AGN STORM 2). Using the cross-correlation lag analysis method, we find significant correlated variations in the continuum and emission-line light curves. We measure rest-frame delayed responses between the far-ultraviolet continuum at 1180 Å and Lyα
λ1215 Å (

10.4

−
1.4

+
1.6

days), N v
λ1240 Å (

15.5

−
4.8

+
1.0

days), Si iv + ]O iv
λ1397 Å (

8.2

−
1.4

+
1.4

days), C iv
λ1549 Å (

11.8

−
2.8

+
3.0

days), and He ii
λ1640 Å (

9.0

−
1.9

+
4.5

days) using segments of the emission-line profile that are unaffected by absorption and blending, which results in sampling different velocity ranges for each line. However, we find that the emission-line responses to continuum variations are more complex than a simple smoothed, shifted, and scaled version of the continuum light curve. We also measure velocity-resolved lags for the Lyα and C iv emission lines. The lag profile in the blue wing of Lyα is consistent with virial motion, with longer lags dominating at lower velocities, and shorter lags at higher velocities. The C iv lag profile shows the signature of a thick rotating disk, with the shortest lags in the wings, local peaks at ±1500 km s−1, and a local minimum at the line center. The other emission lines are dominated by broad absorption lines and blending with adjacent emission lines. These require detailed models, and will be presented in future work.
Igneous Rim Accretion on Chondrules in Low-velocity Shock Waves
Authors: Matsumoto Yuji , Arakawa Sota
Published: May 2023

Shock-wave heating is a leading candidate for the mechanisms of chondrule formation. This mechanism forms chondrules when the shock velocity is in a certain range. If the shock velocity is lower than this range, dust particles smaller than chondrule precursors melt, while chondrule precursors do not. We focus on the low-velocity shock waves as the igneous rim accretion events. Using a semianalytical treatment of the shock-wave heating model, we found that the accretion of molten dust particles occurs when they are supercooling. The accreted igneous rims have two layers, which are the layers of the accreted supercooled droplets and crystallized dust particles. We suggest that chondrules experience multiple rim-forming shock events.
Two-injection Scenario for the Hard X-Ray Excess Observed in Mrk 421
Authors: Hu 胡 Wen 文 , Yan 闫 Da-Hai 大海 , Hu 胡 Qiang-Lin 强林
Published: May 2023

An interesting result that was recently reported for Mrk 421 is the detection of a significant excess at hard X-ray energies, which could provide useful information to investigate particle acceleration and emission mechanisms in the relativistic jet. Considering a two-injection scenario, we develop a self-consistent one-zone leptonic model to understand the origin of the hard X-ray excess in Mrk 421 during the period of extremely low X-ray and very high-energy flux in 2013 January. In the model, two populations of mono-energetic ultra-relativistic electrons are injected into the emission region, which is a magnetized plasmoid propagating along the blazar jet. We numerically calculate the emitting electron energy distribution by solving a kinetic equation that incorporates both shock acceleration and stochastic acceleration processes. Moreover, we infer analytic expressions relating the electrons’ acceleration, cooling, escape, and injection to the observed spectra and variability. In particular, for the injection luminosity, we derive a new approximate analytical expression for the case of continual injection with a mono-energetic distribution. Based on a comparison between the theoretical predictions and the observed SED, we conclude that the hard X-ray excess that was observed in Mrk 421 may be due to the synchrotron radiation emitted by an additional electron population, which is co-spatial with an electron population producing simultaneous optical/UV, soft X-ray, and γ-ray emissions. Therefore, stochastic acceleration may play a major role in producing the observed X-ray spectrum.
Antarctic Penguin Biogeography Project: Database of abundance and distribution for the Adélie, chinstrap, gentoo, emperor, macaroni and king penguin south of 60 S
Authors: Che-Castaldo Christian , Humphries Grant , Lynch Heather
Published: May 2023

The Antarctic Penguin Biogeography Project is an effort to collate all known information about the distribution and abundance of Antarctic penguins through time and to make such data available to the scientific and management community. The core data product involves a series of structured tables with information on known breeding sites and surveys conducted at those sites from the earliest days of Antarctic exploration through to the present. This database, which is continuously updated as new information becomes available, provides a unified and comprehensive repository of information on Antarctic penguin biogeography that contributes to a growing suite of applications of value to the Antarctic community. One such application is the Mapping Application for Antarctic Penguins and Projected Dynamics (MAPPPD; www.penguinmap.com), a browser-based search and visualisation tool designed primarily for policy-makers and other non-specialists, and mapppdr, an R package developed to assist the Antarctic science community. This dataset contains records of Pygoscelis adeliae, Pygoscelis antarctica, Pygoscelis papua, Eudyptes chrysolophus, Aptenodytes patagonicus and Aptenodytes forsteri annual nest, adult and/or chick counts conducted during field expeditions or collected using remote sensing imagery, that were subsequently gathered by the Antarctic Penguin Biogeography Project from published and unpublished sources, at all known Antarctic penguin breeding colonies south of 60 S from 01-11-1892 to 12-02-2022-02-12.

This dataset collates together all publicly available breeding colony abundance data (1979-2022) for Antarctic penguins in a single database with standardised notation and format. Colony locations have been adjusted as necessary using satellite imagery and each colony has been assigned a unique four-digit alphanumeric code to avoid confusion. These data include information previously published in a variety of print and online formats as well as additional survey data not previously published. Previously unpublished data derive primarily from recent surveys collected under the auspices of the Antarctic Site Inventory, Penguin Watch or by the Lynch Lab at Stony Brook University.
A revision of the genus Trichohoplorana Breuning, 1961 (Arthropoda, Insecta, Coleoptera, Cerambycidae, Lamiinae, Acanthocinini)
Authors: Huang Gui-Qiang , Liu Dong-Shuo , Xiong Rong-Chuan
Published: May 2023

A taxonomic revision of the genus Trichohoplorana Breuning, 1961 is presented. A junior synonym of Trichohoplorana, Ipochiromima Sama & Sudre, 2009, syn. nov., is proposed. A junior synonym of T. dureli Breuning, 1961, I. sikkimensis (Breuning, 1982), syn. nov., is proposed. Trichohoplorana is newly recorded from Vietnam. A new species, T. nigeralbasp. nov. is described from Vietnam. Trichohoplorana luteomaculata Gouverneur, 2016 is newly recorded from China and Vietnam. Hind wings and male terminalia of T. luteomaculata are described for the first time. Trichohoplorana is redescribed, and a key to Trichohoplorana species is presented.
La Covid‑19 chez les Gitans de Perpignan
Authors: Yeghicheyan Jennifer , Srocynski Meryl
Published: May 2023

Le portrait de deux habitantes de Nouveau logis, un des « quartiers gitans » de Perpignan, donne à voir la diversité de leur expérience du confinement de mars à mai 2020 et, plus largement, leurs conditions de vie et leur vécu de femmes au foyer. Cet article se propose de saisir la fabrique des inégalités sociales de santé, permettant ainsi d’appréhender leurs vécus autrement que par le prisme culturaliste.
Pratique physique et sportive en milieu ordinaire et handicap : des expériences semées d’embûches
Authors: Collinet Cécile , Jarthon Jeanne-Maud , Delalandre Matthieu , Daviré Arnaud , Segay Benoit
Published: May 2023

Cette recherche porte sur la pratique physique des personnes en situation de handicap. Basée sur une enquête qualitative par entretiens, elle interroge les expériences d’individus aux profils diversifiés dans les structures sportives classiques. La pratique sportive constitue un espace social de discriminations supplémentaires dans leur vie. Quelques pistes sont proposées pour améliorer l’accès et la pratique.
Des salariés confiants dans les dirigeants de leur entreprise ? Une analyse des effets médiateurs dans la relation entre justice et confiance dans les dirigeants
Authors: Neveu Valérie
Published: May 2023

La confiance des salariés dans leurs dirigeants est souvent présentée comme vecteur de performance individuelle et organisationnelle. Or la littérature consacrée à la confiance identifie conceptuellement deux formes de confiance, affective et calculée, chez l’individu ; et rares sont les études distinguant les antécédents qui seraient propres à chacune de ces deux formes de confiance. Nous proposons dans cet article une analyse des facteurs explicatifs de la confiance tant affective que calculée des salariés à l’égard des dirigeants de leur entreprise. S’appuyant sur une étude menée auprès de 337 salariés français, nos résultats montrent une influence positive, à la fois directe et indirecte, de la perception de justice organisationnelle sur le niveau de confiance des salariés. La relation indirecte est médiatisée par la perception individuelle de soutien de la part de l’organisation ainsi que le niveau de satisfaction au travail et le niveau de satisfaction à l’égard de la rémunération.
L’implication : moteur de la construction d’une identité. Un incontournable pour les infirmiers
Authors: Goujon Belghit Anne , Husser Jocelyn , Laurent Marion
Published: May 2023

Cette recherche présente l’intérêt de vérifier théoriquement et empiriquement la fiabilité des construits d’implication organisationnelle et professionnelle comme clairement distincts et antécédents des construits d’identification organisationnelle et professionnelle. La nature des relations entre l’implication organisationnelle et professionnelle avec l’identité organisationnelle ou professionnelle est questionnée auprès d’une population de 99 apprenants et 171 professionnels infirmiers. Nos résultats montrent que cette relation existe, contrairement aux travaux académiques qui considéraient l’identité comme un déterminant de l’implication et non comme une conséquence. Les instituts de formation qui proposent des périodes d’immersion professionnelle jouent un rôle déterminant dans le sentiment d’implication organisationnelle et professionnelle. La qualité de ces liens conditionne la capacité des professionnels à ressentir une identité organisationnelle ou professionnelle par la suite. Les IFSI et les organisations doivent être attentifs à leur population masculine et doivent favoriser l’identité organisationnelle des apprenants. Les IFSI préparent les infirmiers à développer une implication et une identité professionnelle afin d’adopter les bons comportements et d’agir dans l’intérêt du métier. Les apprenants doivent également ressentir une implication et une identité organisationnelle de manière à s’investir pleinement dans leur relation avec leur organisation.
Downsizing, workload and interpersonal conflict: the moderating role of organizational restructuring
Authors: Ullah Rahman , Noël Florent
Published: May 2023

Cet article propose et valide empiriquement un modèle théorique permettant de comprendre comment et dans quelles circonstances le recours à des suppressions d’emplois génère des conflits entre les salariés restants dans l’organisation. Il met en évidence le rôle médiateur de la charge de travail et l’effet modérateur des efforts de restructuration entrepris en parallèle des suppressions d’emplois. Les hypothèses sont testées sur la base d’un questionnaire adressé à des cadres et employés (462 réponses). Les résultats montrent que les suppressions d’emplois sont positivement associées à une montée des conflits interpersonnels (portant sur les taches, les processus de travail, ou liés à des difficultés relationnelles entre individus). Le rôle médiateur de la charge de travail entre suppressions d’emplois et conflits liés aux taches et aux processus est établi. Lorsque les suppressions d’emplois s’accompagnent de restructuration la relation entre suppressions d’emplois et charge de travail est plus faible ainsi que l’association indirecte entre suppressions d’emplois et conflits. Ce faisant, l’article montre l’importance de restructurer l’organisation du travail en parallèle des réductions d’effectifs afin de minimiser la surcharge de travail des survivants et les conflits interpersonnels qui en résultent.
Déconstruire les « mythes » de l’éducation finlandaise : le talon d’Achille de la formation continue « structurée » des enseignants
Authors: Dervin Fred
Published: May 2023

Les classements mondiaux sur la performance des systèmes éducatifs sont omniprésents en éducation. La Finlande est souvent en tête des palmarès et fait figure de championne. Depuis des années, grâce à sa réputation dans le cadre des études PISA, la Finlande attire des milliers de « touristes pédagogiques » qui souhaitent percer le secret des performances de ce petit pays nordique. Alors que ces touristes mais aussi et surtout les chercheurs et décideurs du monde entier notent la gratuité de l’enseignement, l’autonomie, le bonheur à l’école finlandaise, et l’excellente formation des enseignants, ils ne disent rien de la formation continue des enseignants. Cette étude de cas, réalisée dans un contexte rural, se fonde sur des entretiens avec des enseignants finlandais à propos de leurs expériences de la formation continue. L’analyse de ces entretiens fait apparaître la formation continue comme le talon d’Achille de l’éducation finlandaise et révèle, à distance du mythe, les failles de cette éducation souvent encensée et donnée en exemple.
« Prendre la parole » : engagements et mobilisations de femmes d’un centre social en milieu populaire
Authors: Cohen Valérie
Published: May 2023

Cet article a pour objectif de rendre compte de l’engagement et de la mobilisation de femmes de classes populaires dont l’action, visant à faire entendre leurs voix et plus largement celles des « habitants », se déploie dans le centre social d’un quartier populaire. L’enquête ethnographique menée au sein de cette structure éclaire la formation de pratiques peu étudiées en mettant en regard les ressources offertes par le centre et celles dont disposent les usagères leur permettant progressivement de construire « leur politique ». Celle-ci s’élabore au sein de groupes restreints, à partir d’une division du travail favorisant l’apprentissage de la prise de parole, sa circulation et sa diffusion. Cette dynamique est cependant fragile en raison des pressions institutionnelles que subit le centre social, des différentes tensions au sein même des collectifs et de l’incertitude des conditions d’existence en milieu précaire.
Exploring Anticolonialism Through Intimate Forms of Knowing
Authors: Salem Sara
Published: May 2023

Dans les travaux universitaires sur le Moyen-Orient, on a longtemps supposé que les chercheurs de la région étaient « moins objectifs » en raison de leurs liens personnels, intimes et politiques avec les pays dont ils sont originaires. En m’appuyant sur les critiques de cette hypothèse orientaliste par les féministes de couleur et les théoriciens postcoloniaux, j’explore ma propre positionnalité par rapport à mon travail sur l’anticolonialisme en Égypte, au Moyen-Orient et en Afrique du Nord. Je me demande comment certaines hypothèses sur la production de connaissances continuent à définir de manière décisive qui peut « étudier » le Moyen-Orient et comment, et comment cela contribue à des formes continues de colonialité dans le domaine. Je me tourne ensuite vers mes recherches sur l’anticolonialisme, et plus particulièrement sur les archives anticoloniales, afin d’explorer comment des formes de connaissance incarnées, intimes et ressenties sont essentielles à la restitution d’histoires de la pensée et de l’action radicales au Moyen-Orient. En m’appuyant sur l’idée de théorie du ressenti de Dian Million, je mets l’accent sur les modes de connaissance qui remettent radicalement en question les notions eurocentriques d’objectivité et de savoir, en proposant des formes intimes de connaissance qui rendent visibles des archives et des histoires qui, autrement, sont souvent réduites au silence.
L’économie sociale et solidaire face à la crise : simple résistance ou participation au changement ?
Authors: Demoustier Danièle , Colletis Gabriel
Published: May 2023

La compréhension des transformations du rôle et de la place de l’économie sociale et solidaire (ESS) dans les mutations actuelles nécessite un double changement de regard. Il s’agit, d’une part, de combiner une approche de la crise actuelle appréhendée comme une crise conjoncturelle et une approche la considérant comme structurelle et, d’autre part, d’enrichir l’analyse traditionnelle de l’entreprise de l’économie sociale et solidaire (EESS) comme la combinaison d’une association et d’une entreprise par une approche institutionnaliste. Cette dernière, à caractère englobant, permet d’inscrire l’EESS comme une construction sociale, productrice de valeurs, de normes et de règles spécifiques, et donc comme un acteur du mode de régulation socio-économique.
Quelles pratiques de solidarité des organisations de l’ESS pendant le premier confinement lié au Covid-19 ?
Authors: Brisset-Doyle Robin , Lanciano Émilie
Published: May 2023

Cet article a pour objectif de renouveler l’analyse des pratiques de solidarité organisationnelle, en s’intéressant à celles que les organisations de l’ESS ont pu activer avec l’ensemble de leurs parties prenantes pendant le premier confinement lié au Covid-19. En s’appuyant sur une enquête exploratoire auprès de 24 organisations de l’ESS, les auteur.es examinent ces pratiques de solidarité via un cadre d’analyse ancré dans la théorie de l’économie plurielle. Finalement, cet article propose une approche éco-systémique des pratiques de solidarité, à partir de l’étude des proximités entre parties prenantes et le recours à la métaphore du cycle de l’eau.
Effects of Mental Illness Exposure From Parents and Friends on Adolescent Mental Health and Well-Being
Authors: Anderson Jacqueline R. , Nandy Karabi , Fuller Anne K. , Mayes Taryn L. , Spinelli Stevie , Brann Suzanne , Padilla Felicia , Hughes Jennifer L. , Trivedi Madhukar H.
Published: May 2023

Youth exposure to mental illness in family or friends is a known risk factor of internalizing disorders. The current study examines the relationship between mental illness exposure and adolescents' mental health and well-being in a cross-sectional school-based population using all self-report measures. Multilevel modelling was used to estimate adjusted effect of mental illness exposure on mental health outcomes such as depression, anxiety, well-being, and quality of life. The results indicated that there are statistically significant associations between mental illness exposure (through parents only, friends only, both, or none) and adolescent mental health. Compared to adolescents who had no exposure, depression and anxiety were significantly higher for those who had exposure through parents only, friends only, or both. They also had significantly lower well-being and quality of life. This study provides insight into how exposure to mental illness through friends or parents relates to adolescents' mental health.

[
Psychiatr Ann
. 2023;53(5):228–235.]
Fitted mesh method for singularly perturbed fourth order differential equation of convection diffusion type with integral boundary condition
Authors: Raja V. , Sekar E. , Priya S. Shanmuga , Unyong B.
Published: May 2023

This article focuses on a class of fourth-order singularly perturbed convection diffusion equations (SPCDE) with integral boundary conditions (IBC). A numerical method based on a finite difference scheme using Shishkin mesh is presented. The proposed method is close to the first-order convergent. The discrete norm yields an error estimate and theoretical estimations are tested by numerical experiments.
Controlling malaria in a population accessing counterfeit antimalarial drugs
Authors: Danquah Baaba A. , Chirove Faraimunashe , Banasiak Jacek
Published: May 2023

A mathematical model is developed for describing malaria transmission in a population consisting of infants and adults and in which there are users of counterfeit antimalarial drugs. Three distinct control mechanisms, namely, effective malarial drugs for treatment and insecticide-treated bednets (ITNs) and indoor residual spraying (IRS) for prevention, are incorporated in the model which is then analyzed to gain an understanding of the disease dynamics in the population and to identify the optimal control strategy. We show that the basic reproduction number, $ R_{0} $, is a decreasing function of all three controls and that a locally asymptotically stable disease-free equilibrium exists when $ R_{0} < 1 $. Moreover, under certain circumstances, the model exhibits backward bifurcation. The results we establish support a multi-control strategy in which either a combination of ITNs, IRS and highly effective drugs or a combination of IRS and highly effective drugs is used as the optimal strategy for controlling and eliminating malaria. In addition, our analysis indicates that the control strategies primarily benefit the infant population and further reveals that a high use of counterfeit drugs and low recrudescence can compromise the optimal strategy.
A Hybrid Approach to Measure Students’ Satisfaction on YouTube Educational Videos
Authors: Naz Samia , Hina Saman , Fatima Ubaida , Tabassum Huma
Published: May 2023

Every aspect of life has undergone innovation in recent years. Information Technology has revolutionized the concept of teaching and learning. Both educators and students are now utilizing contemporary resources for learning and teaching. One of the primary sources of contemporary educational resources is educational videos posted on various channels on YouTube. This study intends to investigate the opinions voiced in YouTube comments for educational videos with the help of Sentiment Analysis. In this research, three techniques namely SentiStrength, TextBlob, and Naive Bayes Classifier were utilized to analyze the sentiments. According to the results, the majority of the remarks made about the videos have positive sentiments that concluded that students are satisfied with YouTube educational videos and consider YouTube as a beneficial learning tool.
“Kaleidoscope Eyes”: The Exploration of a Sense of Place Through Art Strolling in Mozilla Hubs
Authors: Lin Jiahe
Published: May 2023

Based on my workshop in Cambridge, the UK, I discuss Mozilla Hubs as an intervention to

enact in-person strolling experiences through an online photovoice exhibition. I explore this

virtual space with stakeholders from relevant backgrounds to open dynamic understandings of a

sense of place in a virtual world. I argue that this online space intervenes in the power-centered

system of curation. Additionally, I find that there is a nonlinear narration of the past and present in

the Hubs, since it unfolds the understanding of time, art and memory. And I notice that not only

optimistic possibilities happen in this online space but also there are several challenges, like

ethical problems, waiting to be explored.
Prediction Model of Students' Learning Motivation Based on Combinatorial Optimization Algorithm
Authors: Deng Weifeng , Wang Lin
Published: May 2023

The strength of college students' learning enthusiasm directly affects their learning effect. Studying and predicting students' learning enthusiasm has positive significance for improving college students themselves and college education. Existing methods have not involved how to select and extract features related to students' learning enthusiasm, so it is difficult to meet the needs of learning enthusiasm prediction. Therefore, this article takes English learning as an example to conduct a research on the prediction model of students' learning enthusiasm based on combinatorial optimization algorithm. Taking English learning as an example, this article expounds in detail the main manifestations of students' learning enthusiasm, and predicts the intention of students to participate in learning behaviors based on the enumerated behaviors, so as to judge students' learning enthusiasm, and gives the construction method of the prediction model. This study constructs a network model for the evaluation of students' learning autonomy, and finally outputs the grade results of students' learning autonomy evaluation. Based on the obtained predictions of students' participation in learning behavior intentions and the evaluation results of students' learning autonomy, a combined model is established through the weighting of the inverted error method to predict the regression of students' learning enthusiasm. Experimental results verify the effectiveness of the constructed single model and combined model.
IOT Based Integrated COVID-19 Self-Monitoring Tool (COV-SMT) for Quarantine
Authors: Loh Yong Loke Edvin , Yusof Robiah , Mohd Othman , Hamid Erman , Nahar Haniza , Arif Fahmi , Fadilah Suzi Iryanti
Published: May 2023

COVID-19 Self-Monitoring Tool (COV-SMT) is the research developed to address multiple issues in monitoring quarantined individuals due to COVID-19 infection. As COVID-19 is still highly infectious despite the availability of vaccines, the implementation of contactless Internet of Things (IoT) technology should be encouraged to minimize the need for medical staff to perform daily health checks and thus prevent them from being directly infected during checking. This research aims to develop an effective method to monitor quarantined individuals regarding their vital signs, such as body temperature, heart rate, and oxygen level. A contactless self-monitoring tool integrated with a stages algorithm is developed to monitor these quarantined individuals with the help of IoT technology. It can provide a consistent platform for patients or users to transfer information or data through networks, including personalized healthcare domains. COV-SMT is an effective tool to streamlet the overall process of taking measurements from quarantined individuals. It integrates multiple sensors into one tool while providing a better overall picture with its graphical presentation to help patients and medical staff better understand their health conditions.
Traffic Light System With Embedded GPS (Global Positioning System) and GSM (Global System for Mobile Communications) Shield
Authors: Gaol Ford Lumban , Alam Pramasiwo , Franklyn Muhammad Bio , Angke Kevins , Matsuo Tokuro
Published: May 2023

Artificial intelligence traffic controllers are being designed with the primary goal of enabling them to adapt to the most recent sensor data in order to perform ongoing optimizations on the signal timing plan for intersections in a network in order to reduce traffic congestions, the most pressing issue in traffic flow control at present. The authors are employing an intelligent traffic redirection technology to reduce traffic and road congestion. This would operate utilizing sensors to determine weight, with the result communicated to a traffic light PLC to control the detour. The result of experiments reduced the number of automobiles in a given time interval by 51%. There is improvement as well as on the average speed of automobiles that increase within the system by 49%. The authors also found a reduction of the average time a vehicle must wait in a system by 58%. Moreover, the implementation shows that the average wait times at junctions have been reduced by 34%.
The Influence of Digital Currency Popularization and Application in Electronic Payment Based on Data Mining Technology
Authors: Sun Xiaoyuan
Published: May 2023

The rapid development of science and technology has provided us with great convenience, and the payment methods are gradually enriched. On the basis of traditional electronic payment, digital currency has emerged as the times require. As a strategic currency, it is very necessary to supervise the market status during its whole life. In this paper, the authors propose a scenario payment identification model based on RNN network to identify different scenarios of electronic payment for the intelligent analysis of digital currency. On this basis, PSO is adopted to optimize the initial parameters of the model to improve the accuracy of model identification. Finally, the high-precision identification of different electronic payment means in multiple scenarios was completed, providing detailed data reference for the development of electronic payment market and digital currency, thus providing an objective basis for policy formulation and adjustment in the next stage.
Supraglottic airway devices versus endotracheal intubation for laparoscopic surgeries: An updated systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials
Authors: Kumar Tushar , Bharati  , Suman Saurabh , Kumar Sanjay , Acharya Gaurav , Lakra Ladhu
Published: May 2023

Background and Aims:

Laparoscopic surgeries are among the most frequent procedures done worldwide. There is a gradual shift in the method of airway securement from endotracheal intubation to supraglottic airway devices (SAD). The objective of the current work was to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis of published RCTs on airway complications in laparoscopic surgery performed with a SAD or endotracheal intubation (ETT).

Methods:

The research was registered in PROSPERO, and a literature search was conducted in Google Scholar and PubMed until August 2022. Out of 78 studies, 31 studies were screened and 21 were included for analysis. RevMan 5.4 was used to analyse data on sore throat, hoarseness, nausea, vomiting, stridor and cough.

Results:

Twenty-one randomised controlled trials, enrolling a total of 2213 adult patients, were included in the quantitative analysis. A significant incidence of sore throat and hoarseness was seen at post-operative period in ETT group with risk ratio (RR) 0.44, P < 0.00001 [0.30, 0.65], i
2 = 72% and RR 0.38, P < 0.001 [0.21, 0.69], i
2 = 72%, respectively. However, incidence of nausea, vomiting and stridor was not significant with RR 0.83, P = 0.26 [0.60, 1.15], i
2 = 52% for nausea and RR 0.55, P = 0.03 [ 0.33, 0.93], i
2 = 14% for vomiting. Incidence of cough was more in ETT group with RR 0.11, P < 0.00001 [ 0.06, 0.20], i
2 = 42%, as compared to SAD group.

Conclusion:

There was a substantial variation between SADs and ETTs with respect to the incidence of hoarseness, sore throat, nausea and cough. The existing literature is reinforced by the evidence uncovered in this updated systematic review.
Comparison of median and paramedian technique of thoracic epidural anaesthesia in patients undergoing laparotomy under combined general and epidural anaesthesia – A prospective observational study
Authors: Mudavath Priyanka , Gurajala Indira , Kaluvala Prasad R. , Durga Padmaja
Published: May 2023

Background and Aims:

Most studies have found that lumbar epidural catheterisation is technically easier with a paramedian than median approach. There is scant literature comparing the two approaches to the epidural space in the mid-thoracic spine. This study aims to compare the median versus paramedian approaches in the location of epidural space in the T7–9 region in patients undergoing laparotomy under combined general and epidural anaesthesia.

Methods:

A prospective observational study was conducted after ethical approval and written informed consent on 70 patients undergoing major abdominal surgery. The patients received epidural analgesia either through a median or paramedian approach (Group M, n = 35 and Group P, n = 35). The primary objective was the incidence of successful epidural catheter placement in the first attempt. The secondary objectives were the overall success rate, the requirement of change of intervertebral space, approach or operator and complications associated with the procedure.

Results:

Sixty-seven patients were analysed. Epidural catheter was placed successfully in the first attempt in 40% of patients in Group M and 78.1% in Group P (P = 0.003). The overall success rate was 74.3% in Group M and 87.5% in Group P (P = 0.223). The number of attempts in Group M was more (one attempt 14, two 6, three 5 and four 1) as compared to Group P (one 25, two 2, three 1 and four 0) (P = 0.014). The incidence of complications was comparable between the groups.

Conclusion:

Epidural catheter insertion was technically easier in paramedian as compared to the median approach in T7–9 thoracic region with no difference in complications.
The potential impact of vaccination on tuberculosis burden in India: A modelling analysis
Authors: Arinaminpathy Nimalan , Rade Kirankumar , Kumar Ravinder , Joshi Rajendra P. , Rao Raghuram
Published: May 2023

Background & objectives:

Vaccination will play an important role in meeting the end tuberculosis (TB) goals. While certain vaccine candidates in advanced stages of clinical trials raise hope for the future availability of new tools, in the immediate term, there is also increasing interest in Bacille Calmette–Guérin revaccination among adults and adolescents as a potential strategy. Here, we sought to estimate the potential epidemiological impact of TB vaccination in India.

Methods:

We developed a deterministic, age-structured, compartmental model of TB in India. Data from the recent national prevalence survey was used to inform epidemiological burden while also incorporating a vulnerable population who may be prioritized for vaccination, the latter consistent with the burden of undernutrition. Using this framework, the potential impact on incidence and mortality of a vaccine with 50 per cent efficacy was estimated, if rolled out in 2023 to cover 50 per cent of the unvaccinated each year. Simulated impacts were compared for disease- vs. infection-preventing vaccines, as well as when prioritizing vulnerable groups (those with undernutrition) rather than the general population. A sensitivity analyses were also conducted with respect to the duration, and efficacy, of vaccine immunity.

Results:

When rolled out in the general population, an infection-preventing vaccine would avert 12 per cent (95% Bayesian credible intervals (Crl): 4.3-28%) of cumulative TB incidence between 2023 and 2030, while a disease-preventing vaccine would avert 29 per cent (95% Crl: 24-34%). Although the vulnerable population accounts for only around 16 per cent of India’s population, prioritizing this group for vaccination would achieve almost half the impact of rollout in the general population, in the example of an infection-preventing vaccine. Sensitivity analysis also highlights the importance of the duration and efficacy of vaccine-induced immunity.

Interpretation & conclusions:

These results highlight how even a vaccine with moderate effectiveness (50%) could achieve substantial reductions in TB burden in India, especially when prioritized for the most vulnerable.
Synthetic mineral collagen composite bone graft with ribose cross linked collagen membrane for lateral ridge augmentation
Authors: Subramanya Ashwin Parakkaje , Prabhuji M. L. V.
Published: May 2023

A combination of calcium phosphate-based mineral with carbon apatite structure and type 1 collagen derived from bovine Achilles tendon has been introduced for augmentation of alveolar ridge and periodontal defects. Carbon apatite structure of mineral mimics natural bone in terms of resorption and remodeling, while collagen provides three-dimensional structure; both together aid in higher osteoconduction. The aim of present case report was to investigate if synthetic mineral collagen composite bone graft (CBG) with ribose cross-linked collagen membrane (RCLM) may be successfully used to obtain lateral augmentation of alveolar ridge that is planned for dental implant placement. Lateral augmentation of ridge was performed by elevating a full-thickness mucoperiosteal flap, followed by debridement and decortication of the defect area. CBG was soaked in saline and molded onto the defect area. RCLM was used to cover the graft site, followed by stabilization of membrane and the flap by suturing. Preoperative and postoperative ridge widths were measured using cone-beam computed tomography scans. The use of synthetic mineral collagen CBG with RCLM for lateral ridge augmentation may lead to increase in ridge width making it suitable for dental implant placement.
The color change effect of children's beverages on preheated polyacid-modified composite resins
Authors: Aykam Deniz , Bodrumlu Ebru H.
Published: May 2023

Aim

Color stability is crucial to the esthetic success of restorative materials. The research carried out on the development of restorative materials, especially the preheating process to resins draws attention due to some advantages. The purpose of the research was to examine the effect of preheated polyacid-modified composite resins of children's beverages on color stability in vitro.

Materials and methods

The discs were prepared from A2-colored polyacid-modified composite resin material preheated at four different temperatures (4, 23, 39, and 55°C). The discs were kept in distilled water, cola, cherry juice, and chocolate milk. The data obtained by calculating the color changes were statistically evaluated using a two-way robust analysis of variance.

Results

No significant color change was observed in the chocolate milk group compared to the distilled water group at all preheating temperatures on the working period. In the cola group, a similar color change was observed for up to 60 days at pretemperature values of 39 and 55°C, and up to 30 days at temperatures of 4 and 23°C.

Conclusion

It should be considered that the preheating process may be beneficial for the longevity of the color stability of restorations, and that different beverage groups may have different effects.
Activity Budget and Diet in Sumatran Orangutan (Pongo abelii) at Soraya Research Station, Aceh
Authors: Mahyana  , Widayati Kanthi Arum , Rianti Puji
Published: May 2023

Geographical and environmental factors influence the food availability and diet of orangutans. Moreover, tree phenology affects productivity and food availability in orangutan habitats. As a result, orangutans must be able to adapt to their food availability in the wild. This study aims to analyse the daily activity patterns and eating behaviour of the Sumatran orangutan (Pongo abelii) and their relationship to food availability through the fruit availability index (FAI) and phenology at Soraya Research Station (SRS), Aceh. From the 648 hours of observation on five orangutans' daily activities, we found that resting is the activity with the highest percentage (48%), followed by feeding (22.5%) and moving (21.8%). The high percentage of resting activity might correlate with its low FAI in SRS (1.01%). The resting activity limits orangutans' energy expenditure. Furthermore, barks, fruits, and other plants (including lianas, ferns, and epiphytes) were the main type of diet of Sumatran orangutans in SRS with a frequency of 40.6%, 28.9%, and 15.6%, respectively. The high bark consumption by the orangutans acts as their fallback diet at SRS and is thought to be a form of adaptation to the low fruit availability. This study showed the orangutan adaptation to low fruit availability in SRS through their daily activity and diet patterns.
First Records of Male and Swollen Females of Two Species of Achlysiella (Nematoda: Pratylenchidae)
Authors: Gafur Abdul , Hodda Mike
Published: May 2023

Males and swollen mature females of Achlysiella trilineata and Achlysiella magniglans were discovered for the first time in Australia. These life stages confirmed that both species show well-marked sexual dimorphism in the anterior region of the body, with the males having reduced cephalic frameworks, stylets, and oesophagi. Males of A. magniglans displayed an extreme reduction in the style such that only the cone could be seen, and the rest of the esophagus was barely visible. In both species, the swollen females had postmedian vulvae, and the anterior branch of the ovary was longer than the posterior branch. In A. magniglans, the disparity in length was more pronounced, and the vulva was more posterior. The finding of swollen females confirmed the classification of both species in Achlysiella rather than Radopholus. Vermiform females of both species have large dorsal oesophageal glands and short ovaries. Justifiably, other species of Radopholus with these latter features (R. brevicaudatus, R. capitatus, and R. vacuus) should also be moved to Achlysiella.
Effect of cucurbitacin on malignant biological behavior of breast cancer cells, and its possible underlying mechanism
Authors: Ren Yun , Huang Guangyan , Huang Guangyan , Xue Qiang , Lv Qinjing , Wu Yayun , Wu Qianfei , Yao Wei , Wang Bowen , Wang Shengya
Published: May 2023

Purpose: To study the influence of cucurbitacin on malignant biological behavior of mammary carcinoma cells, and the likely mechanism involved.Methods: Human mammary carcinoma cell line MDA-MB-436 was selected for cell culture and treated with different concentrations of cucurbitacin. The effect of cucurbitacin on cell activity, cell colonyformation capacity, cell invasion, migration potential, matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) activity, and levels of vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA), epithelial calcium adhesion (E-cadherin), and neurogenic calcium adhesion (N-cadherin) were measured. Moreover, levels of wave protein (vimentin), phosphorylated epidermal growth factor receptor (p-EGFR), phosphorylated signaling transduction, and transcription activation factor 3 (p-STAT3) and phosphorylated protein kinase B (p-Akt) were determined.Results: With increase in cucurbitacin dose, there was significant decrease in cell viability, cell colony ratio, cell invasion and migration capacity, and expression levels of MMP-9, VEGFA, e-cadherin, ncadherin, vimentin, P-EGFR, P-STAT3 and p-Akt (p < 0.05).Conclusion: Cucurbitacin inhibits the proliferation, invasion, and migration of breast cancer cells by down-regulating the expressions of EGFR/STAT3/Akt signaling-related proteins, and inhibiting epithelial-mesenchymal transition transformation.
Efficacy and safety of combination of ulinastatin and meglumine cyclic adenosine monophosphate in the treatment of acute myocardial infarction, and its effect on serum levels of hs-CRP, cTnI and CK
Authors: Jiang Hairui , Liu Liru , Sui Huiying , Liang Bo , Jin Lingyu
Published: May 2023

Purpose: To determine the efficacy and safety of a combination of ulinastatin and meglumine cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) in the treatment of acute myocardial infarction (AMI), and its effect on serum levels of hypersensitive-c-reactive protein (hs-CRP), cardiac troponin I (cTnI), creatine kinase (CK).Methods: A total of 90 AMI patients admitted to The Second Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical College, Qiqihar City, Heilongjiang Province, China from January 2019 to January 2020 were selected and randomized (in a 1:1 ration) into control group and study group. Patients in the two groups received meglumine cAMP, while those in the study group were, in addition, treated with ulinastatin. The two groups were compared with regard to clinical efficacy, cardiac function indices, serum biochemical indices, incidence of drug-related side effects, duration and number of episodes of angina pectoris, and levels of neuroendocrine hormones.Results: The study group exhibited remarkably higher treatment effectiveness and cardiac function indices compared to the control group (p < 0.05). However, lower levels of serum biochemical indices, lower total incidence of drug toxicity, smaller number and shorter duration of angina pectoris, and lower levels of panel reactive antibodies (PRA) were observed in the study when compared to control group (p< 0.001).Conclusion: Treatment of AMI patients with the combination of ulinastatin and meglumine cAMP significantly reduces the clinical symptoms of the patients, with remarkable efficacy and high safety. Furthermore, it down-regulates serum levels of hs-CRP, cTnI and CK. Thus, the combination treatment seems superior to the conventional therapy.