bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An integrated approach to the study of the hydrophysical properties of soil structures in the agrolandscape of a reclaimed landfill
Authors: Tingaev A V , Tereshchenko T V
Published: December 2022

An integrated approach to the study of the hydrophysical properties of soil structures, newly created agrolandscapes of a recultivated landfill, makes it possible to determine the regularities of the moisture regime. The object of the study is a section of the municipal solid waste landfill in the city of Barnaul, located in the northwestern part, where reclamation has been carried out. Works were carried out on the selected site: leveling and leveling, screening with clay layers and new soil structures were formed: soil (606 t/ha), a mixture of soil and sewage sludge (303 t/ha + 303 t/ha), sewage sludge (606 t/ha). Festulolium seeds were sown. The variant of the mixture of soil and sewage sludge according to the obtained indicators is the most optimal variant in terms of water-holding capacity and the ability to transfer this moisture to plants. The use of sewage sludge for landfill reclamation and the creation of an agricultural landscape had a significant impact on the hydrophysical properties of soil structures.
Analysis of the degree of impurity of raw cotton when using a U-shaped receiving chamber in a combined cotton harvester
Authors: Matchanov R D , Yuldashev A T , Kuldoshev D A
Published: December 2022

The article considers the possibility of reducing the degree of impurityof machine-picked raw cotton. An analysis of the main factors influencing the cotton impurity was conducted. It was established that, to a large extent, raw cotton is clogged in the receiving chamber, where it is transported from the working apparatus. A new design of U-shaped receiving chamber was developed and tested. The results of field and theoretical studies are presented. A mathematical model is proposed for the computational-empirical determination of the degree of impurity of raw cotton harvested by machines. The new U-shaped receiving chamber has improved the quality of machine harvesting of raw cotton by reducing its impurity. Deviations of experimental and calculated data do not exceed 4-9%.
Analysis of vertical vibrations of soil surface tillage and ditching aggregate edge parts
Authors: Muxamedov J , Ismatullayev K K , O’lmasov S
Published: December 2022

This article presents the analysis of vertical vibrations of the peripheral parts of the soil surface treatment rotary harrow. The movement in the unit is carried out by means of a belt transmission, and due to the technological resistance coming from the soil, the vertical movement of the outermost working body is slightly higher. Therefore, in order to reduce these vibrations, vertical vibrations of the last working body in the form of a one-mass system were studied.
Course stability models of a wide-width tractor unit
Authors: Soliev H M , Tukhtabayev M A , Xidirov U X , Azimov I S
Published: December 2022

The purpose of the research is to provide for solving dynamic problems of course stability of a wide-width sowing and row-crop-tractor unit. For constructing a computational scheme for the generated problem applied the central finite-difference method with a second-order accuracy. When developing a machine algorithm, the fractional grid steps are converted by formulas and a vector equation is obtained. The results of scientific and practical research and testing to determine and evaluate performance of machine-tractor units (MTU) consisting of inter row spacing sowing and cultivators with four-wheel tractors were obtained. Studies on appropriateness of increasing coverage area of cotton units based on field size have shown that the shift productivity of eight-row units at planting was lower than that of four-row units when the field area was less than 3 hectares. When the field area was 3 hectares or more, the MTU’s productivity increased by 32–34%. A similar trend has been observed in the inter-row processing units. Field experiments have shown that it is advisable to maintain the existing four-row machine system on the basis of existing energy vehicles for 27-30% of cotton fields. Cauchy problem for finite-difference equations of dynamic problems of course stability of a wide-cut sowing and tilled-tractor unit was formed, in the form of algebraic equations. As a result, it was possible to build 6-, 8- and 10-row cultivator units based on four-wheel tractors.
Determination of the coefficient of effective thermal diffusivity of soil under natural changes in environmental conditions
Authors: Purdin M S
Published: December 2022

An experimental setup and a data processing technique have been developed to obtain the soil temperature distribution in depth and in time. The results of measuring the soil temperature during 2021 in the city of Ramenskoye, Moscow Region at depths from 0 to 1.475 m are obtained and presented. An analytical solution of the problem of heat transfer in the soil based on the superposition principle is shown and verified. The coefficient of effective thermal diffusivity of soil a = 0.99 · 10−6 m2/s was determined indirectly in a passive experiment. Conclusions are drawn about the coincidence with the results of the experiment of the asymptotic nature of the dependence of the analytical solution for determining the amplitude of soil temperature fluctuations on depth and linear for the phase. An analytical solution is presented to obtain the temperature distribution in the soil with the known law of temperature fluctuations on the surface and the coefficient of effective thermal diffusivity.
Modeling spindle drive device of the cotton harvester
Authors: Rizayev Anvar , Alimova Dilafruz , Alimov Bakhtiyar
Published: December 2022

The article presents the kinematics of the satellite interacting with the flexible links of the belt transmission of the epi and the hypocyclic planetary mechanism of the spindle drive of the vertical-spindle cotton harvester. The frequency rotations in the absolute and relative movement of the satellite in both zones are determined in an analytical form: the collection and removal of raw cotton from the spindle. The numerical values of the frequency rotation of the spindle for the first and second speeds of the harvester are obtained. Theoretically and experimentally, a curve is constructed in a linear form, a graph of the patterns of change in the frequency of rotation of the satellite from the number of revolutions of the carrier of the planetary mechanism. The coefficient of elastic sliding of the roller ξ along the belt and the crown block is obtained, which is equal to ξ = 0,07...0,168 and ξ = 0,126...0,138 respectively.
Study of device vertical vibration for measuring the working depth of soil working machines
Authors: Tukhtakuziyev A , Abduvakhobov D A , Khaidarov K S , Gofurjanov I I , Madrakhimova M B
Published: December 2022

The article mentions the development of a device for monitoring the depth of cultivation of soil tillage machines, as well as the study of its vertical vibrations. The obtained findings reveal that the device achieves the requisite measurement precision due to the correct selection of the coefficient of performance of its pressure spring.
Advantages of microwave heating when processing broccoli into a semi-finished product for baking
Authors: Perfilova O V , Bryksina K V , Ivanova E P , Tolstova N Y , Kretinina G V
Published: December 2022

A technological solution has been developed for processing broccoli using microwave heating, which provides an increase in the antioxidant value of the finished puree in comparison with puree from fresh and blanched cabbage, respectively, by 2.0 and 1.2 times. This fact is due to a complex process of changes in cellular structures, leading to an increase in their permeability to antioxidants. Such puree is recommended to be used in the production of vegetable paste as a semi-finished product for bakery products in order to increase their antioxidant value.
Size-mass indicators of soybean grown in Uzbekistan
Authors: Umirov A T , Safarov F S
Published: December 2022

In Uzbekistan, soybean is planted as a main crop in early Spring and as a follow-up crop after wheat in Summer. In the conditions of Uzbekistan, the height of soybean grown as a main and repeated crop is 63-99 cm on average, depending on the species and cultivation techniques, the diameter of the stems in the lower part is 4.1-7.1 mm on average, and it is higher in “Oyjamol” and “Amigo” sorts planted in the early period, after wheat and it was lower in the Selekta-201 sort planted as a repeated crop. It was found that the pod placement height was higher than 15 cm in the “Oyjamol” and “Amigo” sorts, while it was 6 cm in the Selekta-201 species , and this indicated the need to set the combine harvester height lower. It was found that the average number of pods in one bush of soybean is 21.0 - 29.8 pieces, the number of grains in a pod is 2-3 pieces, and the ratio of grain to stem is in the range of 1:1 - 1:1.8. This showed that the “Oyjamol” and “Amigo” species planted in the early periods have more grain and stem content than the Selekta-201 sort planted as a repeated crop.
Development of a roadmap as an important step towards the sustainable growth of the cocoa sector in Nigeria
Authors: Gavrilova Nina G
Published: December 2022

In Nigeria, the decline in the efficiency of the cocoa industry in particular and of agricultural production in general began after the country gained independence. At that time, oil was discovered, and that stole the attention of the government in terms of financing. Over time, the country’s budget has become highly dependent on fluctuations in prices for petroleum products, and there emerged a critical need to diversify state revenues. Nigeria’s successive governments over the past 60 years have made repeated attempts to revive agriculture as an alternative to the oil sector, but all of them have proven unsuccessful. The author believes that the recovery of the cocoa sector can become the most important vector for strengthening the country’s food security. Increased foreign exchange earnings from the export of cocoa products will enable Nigeria to purchase more food to meet the needs of the population. The author considers the lack of qualified management and competent agricultural policy in the country as the reason for the degradation of the cocoa industry and puts forward a roadmap for the development of the sector in Nigeria, which takes into account its current problems and may return the industry to the path of sustainable growth.
Innovative approach to advancing technology of fast-paced seed production of potato varieties rejuvenated by method of apical meristem in forest-steppe zone of western Siberia
Authors: Potapov P N , Murzin A I , Galeev R R , Potapov N A , Potapova S S
Published: December 2022

The results of three-year studies (2019-2021) on improving the technology of accelerated seed production of potato varieties using the apical meristem method in the conditions of gray forest soil in the forest-steppe of Western Siberia are presented. Integrated experiments were carried out on the experimental fields of CJSC SHP “Michurinets” of the Novosibirsk region. Novosibirsk region. It is shown that the new zoned potato varieties of West Siberian breeding, in particular, the Zlatka variety, has a high multiplication factor of 8 in the accelerated propagation system. The fraction from 25 to 50 mm dominates in the crop at the level of 81%. The highest seed productivity was found in the variety of Novosibirsk breeders Zlatka 186 pcs/m2, then Gala - 152 pcs/m2, Lux - 136 pcs/m2, Mishka - 128 pcs/m2, which is on average 3.5 times higher in comparison with Yuna standard variety. According to the multiplication factor, the Zlatka variety dominated - 26, then the Gala variety - 20 tubers and Terra - 18 tubers. It is statistically determined that the yield of seed tubers depends on the genotype by 39% and the conditions of the year - 28% with the interaction of factors - 19.7%.
Innovative technology in quality and safety for the production process of canned meat for child nutrition
Authors: Dunchenko N I , Odintsova A A
Published: December 2022

Nowadays, for the modern consumer is important to produce qualitative food products. Also, this includes the production of baby food. The product quality means its safety. This term also characterized products for child nutrition. According to the technical regulations TR TS 034 «About meat and meat products safety» there are special factors for providing industrial sterility for meat products for children. These parameters identify safety of products in the part of the risk of microbiological damage that may occur within the technology process of canned meat for child nutrition. In the present article microbiological risks were determined for canned meat for children. Safety parameters for canned meat is established according to the technical regulations TR TS «About meat and meat products safety». At the final step, a good hydrogenic practices in the technology of canned meat for child nutrition were created in order to show the microbiological risks in the production process. In conclusion, the general hygiene practices for the food enterprise were established. Using this material, it is possible to create a system for microbiological damage management in the production technology of canned meat for child nutrition. The control measures must be taken into account the technology and general practices of the enterprise in order to obtain a product with high quality and safety.
Introduction of digital innovations in livestock farming
Authors: Subach T I , Shmeleva Zh N
Published: December 2022

Nowadays one can observe the penetration of digitalization into almost all spheres of life: political, social, economic, educational. Agriculture is not an exception. Russian government considers digital transformation in general and agriculture in particular to be one of the indispensable national goals. The ultimate goal of introducing digital changes is guaranteeing the RF entry into the top five largest economies in the world. Agriculture in RF has various branches where animal husbandry plays and important role in ensuring food security. Consequently, the issue of introducing digitalization into livestock farming as a less advanced industry is rather relevant. Digital data is becoming a key factor in the livestock industry. This data can be obtained from various devices, in particular from biometric sensors, big data and blockchain technology. Precision Livestock farming (PLF) technologies enable non-invasive sampling, helping farmers and researchers to obtain realistic indicators to solve welfare problems. The received and processed data allow obtaining information having new quality characteristics, searching for and finding patterns and models for agricultural successful modernization, minimizing risks of losses, forecasting using modern methods of big data processing, optimizing production costs. PLF technologies can also contribute to a reduction in resource use. They will definitely facilitate individualistic approach and a more proactive to animal health. Such an approach will ultimately reduce the need for medicines, especially the use of antibiotics. The use of innovative solutions was noted, in particular, the use of automated technologies, robotic systems, computerized programs, applications that contribute to the growth of productivity and the production of livestock products.
Sowing qualities of spring barley seeds when using biostimulants
Authors: Shitikova A V , Lammas M E
Published: December 2022

The results of the developed methods of increasing the sowing qualities of spring barley seeds, which will significantly increase the crop yield, are presented. As a result of the studies it was found that the application of biostimulants contributed to the increase of laboratory germination rate by 20.8−33.3 %. The most significant increase occurred when treated with Albit biostimulant - 96.2%. Sprout length increased in variants with soaking in solution of Epin-Extra (11.4 cm), Zircon (11.9) and Albit (11.6). The length of roots increased by 28-52%. There was an increase in the biomass of seedlings in all variants with treatment by 7.2-12.2%. Application of preparations significantly increased the number of roots by 30...36% compared with control. At the same time, the positive role of biostimulants Albit and Restart, Zh in increasing the height of seedlings by 20-27%.
Theoretical and experimental study of the drying process of mulberry fruits by infrared radiation
Authors: Tarawade A , Samandarov D I , Azimov T Dj , Sultanova Sh A , Safarov J E
Published: December 2022

In this study, drying time, drying rate and applicability of some existing drying models of mulberry fruits white mulberry (M.Alba) and black mulberry (M.Nigra) dried at different temperatures and infrared power were investigated. A laboratory-type infrared dryer was used in the study, and mulberry fruit samples were dried at 70 and 75 °C and at 180 and 210 W. Page, Modified Page, Henderson and Pabis, Logarithmic, Binary and Binary Exponential samples were used to determine the drying kinetics. When the characteristics of these models were evaluated on the basis of statistical parameters and the Page model proved to be the best model to describe the whole behaviour of mulberry fruits during infrared drying.
Using of local plant and animal raw materials in the development of a functional product
Authors: Skachkov D A , Ukrainets Yu V , Pilipenko D N , Obrushnikova L F , Konkova O V
Published: December 2022

The article considers the issue of developing a meat and vegetable product from local raw materials. The meat part is sub-products (collagen-rich pig ears and liver with high nutritional qualities) – raw materials, usually with low cost, but with proper processing with high taste, technological and nutritional properties. Local plant raw materials are represented by a not yet widespread crop chickpeas, which perfectly forms a crop in arid conditions of the Volgograd region of the Russian Federation, rich in vegetable protein, other macro- and micronutrients, and in addition, because it is a legume, enriches the light brown soils of the region with nitrogen due to symbiotic microorganisms. The developed product has high taste properties, contains an optimal set of macro- and micronutrients and can be called functional because 1 serving of the product contains more than 15% of average daily needs.
Comparative assessment of physico-chemical and technological characteristics of safflower seeds
Authors: Azimov Utkirjon , Oripov Azizbek
Published: December 2022

Experimentally confirmed the need for fractionation of safflower seeds into large (width more than 3 mm) and small (width less than 3 mm) fractions in order to collapse the former on a centrifugal roller with a directional i.e. oriented impact and crushing the latter on disc huskers. Rational technological modes of collapse of a large fraction of safflower seeds have been identified: the angular velocity of the rotor is 198.9-251.3 rad/s, air consumption is 0.45-0.57 kg/s, seed moisture is 6.5-7.5% and seed width is more than 3 mm.
Development of Picea jezoensis (Siebold & Zucc.) Carriere trees at virginal ontogenetic stage in the Korean pine-broadleaved forest of the Southern Sikhote-Alin
Authors: Ukhvatkina O N , Zhmerenetsky A A , Omelko A M
Published: December 2022

We described growth of Picea jezoensis (Siebold & Zucc.) Carriere trees at the virginal ontogenetic stage as one of the dominant species of the Korean pine-broadleaved forests in the south of the Russian Far East, Sikhote-Alin Mountains. Using dendroecological approach, we reconstructed stand disturbance history and studied impact of the disturbances on development of the P. jezoensis virginal plants. We found that severe stand disturbances lead to synchronous transition to the next subgroup of virginal stage and thus lead to appearing of generations of plants that may differ in age but are on the same ontogenetic stage of their development. We determined duration of plants development in the subgroups of the virginal stage and its total duration. We conclude that despite alternating periods when radial increment increases and, conversely, decreases, in general, the growth of virginal plants is relatively uniform and slow. Therefore, if growth conditions become less favorable because of climate change, this will cause the plants to be unable to access canopy and reach a generative stage.
Large-scale mapping of the structure of various landforms of the modern Amudarya delta
Authors: Urazbaev A K , Rajabov F T
Published: December 2022

The article deals with the issues of large-scale mapping methodology for various landforms of the modern Amudarya delta. In the first, a relief plastic map and maps of the Amu Darya were compiled. In addition, the internal structure of small deltas, uplands and sandy areas is described. When studying the structure of the Earth’s surface, question arises on how it is depicted on maps in space and time. The depiction of the space of the Earth’s surface requires a knowledge of its shape and metrics, i.e. the length, how one system is located with respect to another, and also how their components are located with respect to all the others. On this basis, we applied new method (plastics of a relief) of mapping the forms of the Earth’s surface when using space photographs.
Results and directions of breeding research of Pisum sativum in Eastern Siberia
Authors: Kozhukhova E V , Oreshnikova O P
Published: December 2022

The study of productivity and manufacturability of pea varieties, both existing and removed from zoning, was carried out. The tasks of the paper included analysis of a sample of pea varieties in terms of yield, the main features of productivity - the number of productive and unproductive nodes, seeds and beans per plant, their variability; assessment of the influence of the genotype, growing conditions and the interaction of these factors in the formation of signs of productivity and manufacturability; identifying the relationship between the main features of productivity, productivity and manufacturability in order to determine the vectors for further breeding work with the crop. In terms of yield, the effectiveness of the crop variety change was revealed. In terms of productivity elements, the Kan variety had the maximum indicators, which allows us to consider it as a source in terms of the number of beans and seeds per plant. A significant influence of the genotype on resistance to lodging of 53.34% was revealed, with the influence of the conditions of the year of 0.77%, the interaction of factors of 45.87%, and the average positive dependence of yield with resistance to lodging of plants in varieties with a mustachioed leaf type (ґ=0.63±0.19), therefore, the introduction in the breeding process of high-tech varieties can help increase yields. In different years, the yield was influenced by different signs of productivity (2019 - the number of beans and seeds, 2020 - the number of grains of the bean, 2021 - the number of productive nodes and the grain content of the bean), with a strong mutual contingency (r = 0.76...0.93). Due to the impossibility of isolating any one trait that affects the yield, breeding work should be carried out in a comprehensive manner and be aimed at the development of all elements of productivity.
Theoretical foundations for designing complexes of anti-erosion measures in the natural and anthropogenic conditions of the area
Authors: Apazhev A K , Shekikhachev Y A , Khazhmetov L M , Fiapshev A G , Shekikhacheva L Z
Published: December 2022

The difference between the regions of Russia in terms of natural and climatic factors, landscapes, soil conditions, environmental conditions associated with the development of industrial production, the degree of urbanization and the development of infrastructure requires fundamentally different approaches to the areas of agricultural production in these regions, which correspond to their specialization, taking into account the listed factors. The specified large variety of natural and anthropogenic conditions and the need for a simplified mastering of the methodology for designing anti-erosion complexes by a large number of specialists require a more flexible, calculation-normative approach to the design of anti-erosion complexes, based on simplified calculations, allowing technologically and impartially to take into account the features of the natural and anthropogenic conditions of the area. Such a calculation-normative approach will make it possible to avoid the template design of anti-erosion complexes during their widespread introduction into production. In this regard, in this article, the theoretical foundations for the design of anti-erosion measures complexes have been developed.
Changes in hydraulic parameters in canals with sides lining
Authors: Arifjanov A M , Fatxulloyev A M , Rakhimov K T , Otakhonov M Y , Allayorov D Sh
Published: December 2022

Today, as a result of deformation and filtration in the channel, the hydraulic efficiency and operational reliability of irrigation networks in our Republic is decreasing, as a result, the efficiency of irrigation networks is 0.63 percent. In order to provide agricultural producers with the required amount of water on time, systematic work is being carried out to increase the efficiency of irrigation networks on the basis of several state programs. Concreting the channel can be an effective solution to these problems, but the economic costs involved are causing delays in the implementation of the works. When reconstructing irrigation canals, choosing a concreting scheme taking into account the deformation and type of filtration can be a solution to the problem. Under conditions of limited filtration, concreting both sides of canal leads to economic and hydraulic efficiency. However, there is a problem to connect the roughness coefficients of natural soil and concrete in the hydraulic calculation of canals. The article presents result of the research conducted in the 4th section of the Big Fergana Canal, according to the results, n=0.0195 in the two-sided concreted (PK-2010+85) part, and n=0.022 in the earthen part (PK-2020+85). When the channel was modeled in HEC-RAS 5.0.1 based on the hydraulic elements of the channel in PK-2010+85, the roughness coefficient of the canal was n=0.0199.
To the question of legislative priorities and sustainable development of the environment
Authors: Safronov V V , Babaeva A A , Kubrikova A S , Farafontova E L , Shcheblyakov E S
Published: December 2022

The authors made an attempt to comprehend legislative priorities, trends in the development of domestic legislation, their relationship with the prospect of sustainable development of the environment. The rule of sustainable development of the environment acts as a common good, which is undoubtedly the most important value for all mankind, regardless of national, political, religious self-expression. This guiding idea is outside the state character and needs systemic permanent support from the interested subjects of civil society and authorized representatives.
Chemical composition of brown and red algae from Kelapa Beach, Tuban, East Java and their potential as ruminant feed
Authors: Hidayah N , Maulina N W , Noviandi C T , Astuti A , Dono N D , Kustantinah
Published: December 2022

This research was designed to evaluate the nutrient content of brown (Laminaria Sp. and Padina australis) and red algae (Eucheuma cottonii and Gracilaria Sp.) from Kelapa beach, Tuban, East Java. The algae were cleaned from dirt and other materials before drying under the sun. All of the algae were ground and analyzed using proximate analysis (dry matter (DM), ash, organic matter (OM), ether extract (EE), crude protein (CP), crude fiber (CF), and nitrogen-free extract (NFE)) and gross energy with a bomb calorimeter. Data were analyzed descriptively by calculating the average of data obtained. The result showed that brown algae of Padina australis had the highest DM (30.59%) and CP (12.57%). The red algae of Eucheuma cottonii had the highest OM (76.58%), EE (2.85%), CF (8.80%), NFE (56.38%), and gross energy (2,911 Cal/g) but had the lowest DM (13.67%) and CP (8.55%). In opposite with Gracilaria sp. had the highest ash (65.63%) and the lowest OM (34.37%), EE (0.21%), CF (2.49%), NFE (19.95%) and gross energy (1,083 Cal/g). Based on this study, brown algae (Laminaria sp and Padina australis) and red algae (Eucheuma cottonii and Gracilaria sp.) have the potential as ruminant feed, especially as mineral and soluble carbohydrate sources.
Effect of type and concentration of microbial starter on the characteristics of porang flour
Authors: Herawati H , Kamsiati E , Pratiwi A R , Sunarmani
Published: December 2022

Indonesia has abundant natural resource potential, one of its porang. One component that’s widely used from porang plants is glucomannan. Methods to increase the glucomannan content of porang tubers can be done physically, chemically and microbiologically by using a microbial starter. The aim of this research activity to characterize the effect of the type and concentration of starter to the porang flour. This study used two types of starter included: BIMO-CF and NKL yeast with three concentrations (1,2 and 3%). This research activity was designed used completely randomized design which was analyzed throughout IBM Statistics SPSS 24. Based on the test results of BIMO-CF samples and NKLyeast, the highest yield was 20.5% with 3% NKL yeast treatment. The moisture content of all treatments showed no significant difference between treatments. The highest glucomannan content value of 60.62% which used addition of 2% NKL yeast treatment.
Phenotipe and lignin content black rice mutant of gh 51 line
Authors: Dzakirah R I , Nandariyah  , Parjanto  , Riyatun
Published: December 2022

GH 51 is an essential derivative line from local Cempo Ireng black rice as a result of Universitas Sebelas Maret plant breeding programs. GH 51 line has better performance than Cempo Ireng, but it is not resistant to brown plant hoppers. To improve GH 51 line performance, preliminary research was conducted by irradiating GH 51 with 200 Gy gamma rays to obtain new genetic diversity. This study aims to observe the phenotype and lignin content of early flowering putative mutant in the M2 population. The results showed that the early flowering putative mutant of GH 51 black rice has a wide genetic variability on plant height, number of seed per panicles and weight of seed per plant whereas the characters of panicle length, stem diameter, number of panicles per clump, number of tillers and weight of 100 seeds have a narrow genetic variability. Lignin content of the putative mutant varies, and there are seven plants that can be selected for high lignin content, medium to high criteria of plant height, early flowering, and shorter harvesting time from mutant of GH 51 black rice.
Foliar fertilizers improved fruit set and yield of cayenne pepper (Capsicum frutescens L.) grown off-season
Authors: Jaya I K D , Umami K , Arifin M Z , Anugerahwati D R , Listiana B E
Published: December 2022

The fruit set and yield of cayenne pepper grown during the rainy season (off-season) is relatively lower than during the dry season. This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of some foliar fertilizers in improving the fruit set and yield of cayenne pepper grown off-season on dryland. An experiment was conducted during the rainy season of 2021/2022 on a dryland area of Gumantar, North Lombok, Indonesia. Four foliar fertilizers and one control were tested on two varieties of cayenne pepper. The foliar fertilizers were: bio-organic (Pomi), silicate and boron (X-ZO), micronutrients (Meroke Fitoflex), and a mix of macro and micronutrients (Bayfolan). The two varieties were: hybrid (Dewata 43) and open-pollinated (Sret). The treatments were arranged in a factorial randomized block design with three replications. After five harvests, the results showed no interaction between foliar fertilizer and variety in affecting fruit set and yield. The foliar fertilizers improved the fruit set and yield of cayenne pepper. The most significant improvement was the bio-organic fertilizer with 10.6% and 42.5 % for fruit set and fruit weight per plot, respectively, compared to the control treatment. The hybrid variety yielded 822.5 g plant−1, higher than the open-pollinated ones with 632.3 g plant−1.
The effectiveness of apron usage made of convection waste material in reducing ultraviolet light exposure towards skin irritation on welders
Authors: Setiawan D , Sumardiyono  , Setyono P
Published: December 2022

Welding is a job having a high risk for health for the workers. In non-formal industries, many workers ignored their health when conducting welding job. The problem in non-formal industry is the problem of business capital. Therefore, non-formal workers ignore their health because they could not afford personal protective equipment. Apron is one of the personal protective equipment for UV exposure. Utilizing jeans waste as the material of apron is an alternative to resolve the capital problem of non-formal workers and as an effort to recycle unused waste. The initial stage is to test the effectiveness of jeans waste by testing UV exposure between the workers who wore apron and who did not. Measurements were carried out using a UV light meter tool named Lutron. The result showed that jeans were highly effective in reducing UV exposure from welding activities. Therefore, apron made of jeans material can protect against skin irritation from exposure to UV rays caused by welding activities.
Effects of isomalto-oligosaccharide, inulin, and polydextrose on the development of sugar-free pineapple jam
Authors: Michelle  , Lo D , Indrawanto R
Published: December 2022

The aim of this study was to elaborate the effects of using isomalto-oligosaccharide, polydextrose, and inulin as humectant towards sugar-free pineapple jam physicochemical and sensory characteristics. Eleven different samples were made with the determined concentration of each prebiotic, followed with the analysis of water activity, degree of brix, color, 72-hour syneresis, sensory evaluation of spreadability, hedonic test, and Just About Right test. The results obtained from the physicochemical analysis showed the lowest water activity and syneresis level is the sample with 35% isomalto-oligosaccharide with the °Brix of 61.00. The two best sample is followed by the sensory evaluation test, where the sample with 35% isomalto-oligosaccharide has the best spreadability, favorable and more acceptable by the panelists as well as with the fewest penalty shown based on the JAR results obtained.
EIA/Amdal in risk society: A study in developing country Indonesia
Authors: Kumayza Toni , Hariyadi Sundek
Published: December 2022

Although coal mining activities have an Environmental impact assessment EIA/Amdal, these activities still pose serious risks to communities in rural Indonesia. This study links EIA/Amdal with the social context of a risk society. This study aims to evaluate the legitimacy of Amdal for coal mining in Indonesia. The legitimacy of the Amdal for coal mining is based on the beliefs of experts, science, and technology (Rational model). The survey and interviews involved stakeholders in 6 coal mining villages and the Indonesian Mining Experts Association (PERHAPI). The results show that rural stakeholders are increasingly distrustful of Amdal (rational model) in avoiding risk. Meanwhile, mining expert groups still rely on rational models in making environmental decisions.
Effects of Acute Gamma Irradiation on the Morphology of Stevia rebaudiana
Authors: Aida Khalida H , Azhar M , Nor Azma Y , Susiyanti  , Shamsiah A
Published: December 2022

Stevia is a short-day plant with constant day length less than 12 hours in Malaysia cause to generate flower early. The shorter vegetative period, resulting in low content of steviol glycosides compound. Cultivation of stevia in Malaysia is a challenge due to lack of suitable variety. The response to gamma irradiation varies among plant species and affected by the irradiation dose. The method applied was acute gamma irradiation with six doses (50, 100, 250, 300, 400 and 500 Gy) to investigate the effect of radiation. The LD50 value was at 182 Gy. The number of days for seed to germinate was varied in all treatments and none of the seedlings survived at 400 Gy and 500 Gy of irradiation. The plant height recorded the highest in treatment 50 Gy (142.0±1.98). Meanwhile, for other parameters such as the number of leaves, the number of branches, leaf width and leaf length were decreased as the dose increases. Overall, our findings suggest that low doses of radiation (below 325 Gy) is the suitable dose to study the improvement of stevia by acute gamma irradiation.
Comparative efficacy between premium and generic herbicide of glufosinate ammonium to control weed species in oil palm plantation
Authors: Jabit N N M , Aani S N A , Hamdani M S A , Zakaria N , Abidin M Z Z
Published: December 2022

Weeds have always been a major pest in most plantation areas. Herbicides application is the most preferable method in modern technology. The aims of this study to compare the effectiveness between premium and generic herbicides of Glufosinate ammonium (GA) in oil palm plantation. Seven herbicides treatments consisting of Basta 15, Genee 15, Fosinate 135, Bufos 135, Kenbast 15, Tarang with Miracle, Tarang without Miracle and control. The efficacy comparison of herbicides was recorded at 7, 14, 28, and 56 days after treatment (DAT) of herbicides. Data on weed injury and weed scorching were compared through visual assessment and analyzed with SAS software. Asystasia gangetica, Ageratum conyzoides, Paspalum scrobiculatum, Momordica charantia, Eleusine indica were found as dominant weed species were recorded, in quadrate sampling at experimental area. Basta 15 showed similar result with surpass other herbicides treatments and caused approximately 90% weed injury. Result from this study indicated Basta 15 performed consistently against general weed species whereas other herbicides applied was portrayed inconsistent outcome through the study.
Utilizing Indigofera Natural Dyes to Develop Batik
Authors: Sarwono  , Darwoto  , Adi S P
Published: December 2022

This study seeks to: (1) apply natural dyes made from Indigofera on batik using alum, lime, and fero(II) sulfate fixation, (2) develop batik designs with natural dyes from Indigofera on cotton fabrics for batik, and (3) apply natural dyes made from Indigofera on silk fabrics for batik. The problems in this study were solved using several steps which included analysis of problems related to the use of Indigofera natural dyes, data collection and observation, formulation of strategies to create batik products through experimentation (action research) in terms of experimental techniques, materials, and design motifs. The results of this study conclude several points, including visualization of batik designs using natural dyes from Indigofera and solutions to problems that arise in batik dyeing experiments using natural Indigofera dyes.
Soybean morphology and physiology in mahogany agroforestry system with organic fertilizer application
Authors: Setyaningrum D , Budiastuti M T S , Purnomo D , Sudadi  , Mufid M F
Published: December 2022

Land conversion causes a decrease in the area of agricultural land, so that agricultural cultivation efforts through agroforestry systems are needed, such as planting between mahogany trees. The aim of the study was to examine the morphological and physiological responses of soybeans to organic fertilizers in mahogany-based agroforestry systems. The study consisted of a single factor, namely the type of organic fertilizer using a completely randomized block design. Treatment of types of fertilizers with four levels, namely: chemical fertilizer, chicken, goats and cow manure. The results showed that the type of organic fertilizer affected soybean morphology, namely plant height 3 and 4 WAP, leaf number 4 WAP, and soybean physiology, namely total chlorophyll. The plant height and the number of leaves were highest in the cow manure fertilizer. Chicken manure produced the highest total chlorophyll, which was 0.0743 mg/g. Total chlorophyll count was positively correlated with the amount of chlorophyll a and b. In addition, plant fresh weight was positively correlated with plant biomass. Soybean has the potential to be cultivated in agroforestry systems and the addition of nutrients with organic fertilizers.
Effect of media type and method of sterilization on growth of porang (Amorphophallus muelleri) shoots in vitro
Authors: Triharyanto E , Ramadhany A W , Arniputri R B , Handoyo G C
Published: December 2022

Porang is a tuber plant that has potential and prospects to be developed in Indonesia because it contains high levels of glucomannan. Propagation in vitro is required but has obstacles in the form of failure rates due to contamination. This study aimed to examine the effect of media type and sterilization method on the growth of porang (Amorphophallus muelleri) shoots in vitro. Parameters observed included shoot emergence day, number of shoots, shoot color, percentage of contamination, growth and development of explants. The data analysis used in this research is descriptive analysis. The results of this study indicate that the treatment of planting media affects the growth of porang shoots. The best treatment combination was found in the treatment of sterile cotton media with 1 minute sterilization which showed a contamination level of 3%, the number of shoots was 8, the average day of shoots appeared at 7 DAP, the color of the shoots was reddish green. Sterilization by soaking bulbil longer can reduce the growth of the number of shoots, increasing contamination.
Co-compost biochar as a soil ameliorant: improvement of soil chemical characteristics and maize yield in Ultisol
Authors: Nurida N L , Jubaedah
Published: December 2022

Adding co-compost biochar could increase the effectiveness of ameliorant compared to biochar and manure. The research aim was to measure the effectiveness of co-compost biochar to improve soil chemical properties and maize yields in Ultisol. The field study at Taman Bogo Research Station was conducted for two planting seasons (December 2017–July 2018) with treatments: 1) control, 2) cacao shell (CS) biochar (BC), 3) corncob (CC) BC, 4) co-compost CS BC, 5) co-compost CC BC and 6) manure, with four replicates and a 10 t ha−1 dose of ameliorant. The results showed that co-compost biochar CS and CC for two planting seasons (PS) increased pH, total N, K, Ca, and decreased Al. However, the application of BC CS resulted in a more significant improvement in the soil’s chemical characteristics. The dry grain from the biochar and co-compost BC application increased significantly (7.41 t ha−1 in PS1 and 6.73 t ha−1 in PS2) compared to the control (4.46 t ha−1 PS1 and 3.82 t ha−1 PS2), but BC CS and co-compost CS gave more stable results. The co-compost biochar formulation was more effective in improving acidic soil and maize productivity when biochar was produced from the low-quality feedstock.
Antioxidant and GC-MS Analysis of Cyperus iria, Fimbristyis miliacea, and Fimbristylis globulosa
Authors: Abdullah N A , Zain W Z W M , Ramli N W , Hamzah F , Hamid N A
Published: December 2022

Cyperaceae family had been commonly found in rice field areas. This family consists of 3000 species and 220 of them were classified as weeds. The presence of secondary metabolites demonstrates that this family of weeds, despite being one of the most invasive species in the world, is capable of a variety of biological functions. In this study, the antioxidant analysis and potentially chemical compunds were identified on three weeds in Cyperaceae family: Cyperus iria, Fimbristylis miliacea, and Fimbristylis globulosa. The GC-MS analysis of methanol extract of the three species showed 25, 11, and 9 compounds respectively. This study focuses on the non-polar extraction. The methanol extracts of these three species were screened for antioxidant activity. Antioxidant activity was determined using DPPH test. IC50 values for the extracts are 309.07 μg/ml (C. iria), 250.67 μg/ml (F. miliaea), and 623.82 μg/ml (F. globulosa).
Cost benefit analysis of the establishment of an environment-based regional owned enterprise (bumd) in the tourism sector in magetan regency
Authors: Juwita A H , Sari V K , Daerobi A
Published: December 2022

Magetan Regency has natural tourism destinations that can be optimized for management. However, the high interest in nature tourism impacts the environment negatively, increasing environmental degradation. Therefore, the Magetan Regency Government must carry out its functions, such as public service, implementation development, and community protection. In this case, the government has planned to form an environment-based local-owned enterprise (BUMD) as an alternative to optimize tourism management by paying attention to the environment. This study aims to analyze the feasibility and benefits of establishing an environment-based local-owned enterprise in Magetan Regency. The methods used cost-benefit analysis with a feasible study approach i.e. Net Present Value (NPV), Internal Rate of Return (IRR), Profitability Index (PI) and Benefit Cost Ratio (BCR) . The feasibility test results found that the NPV was IDR 53,322,599,739, the IRR value was 36.81%, the PI value was 1.67, and since the PI value was > 0, the establishment of the Magetan Regency Tourism Regional Public Company was declared acceptable or feasible. In addition, the BC Ratio value was obtained at 1.45%. Thus, the establishment of an environment-based local-owned enterprise can provide benefits for internal parties and related sectors.
Profit functions of catfish farming for increasing household income in Pekanbaru City Riau Province
Authors: Elinur  , Heriyanto  , Asrol  , Vaulina S
Published: December 2022

The profit of catfish farm is a description of performance of the business, where the profit is determined by output and inputs price. This study aims to analyze of catfish farm profits and determinants of catfish farm profits. This study used a survey method, located in Pekanbaru City. The research data are cross section data what was obtained by using the inverview method, The sampling method used simple random sampling method with 98 catfish farmers, Data analysis used statistical analysis with multiple linear regression. There are several findings: First, catfish farms in Pekanbaru City is profitable. Second, the catfish price, labor wages, feed price PF 1000 depresiation costs are significantly to affect profits, but the price of seed and feed PF 800 do not significantly to effect it. The Third, catfish price s responsive to changes in profit of catfish farm. This is means to changes catfish prices have a major impact on changes in catfish farm profits. However, labor wages, feeds and depreciation cost are not responsive to farm profits. This study recommends that the output price policy is very important for the sustainability of this business.