bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Digital database and mapping of pulse crops in the temperate areas of Jammu region
Authors: Singh G , Sharma L K , Ojha S
Published: January 2025

Pulses are environmentally friendly, low in fat, calories, and salt, and rich in resistant starch, dietary fibre, minerals, and vitamins. They can thrive under stressful conditions and are often referred to as the "poor man's meat". With their low glycemic index, pulses help regulate blood sugar levels, making them beneficial for diabetes management. Additionally, they contribute to environmental sustainability by requiring less water and synthetic fertilizers, than other crops, while enhancing soil fertility through nitrogen fixation. Incorporating pulses into diets supports human health and promotes environmental sustainability, underscoring their importance in addressing food security and fostering sustainable agricultural practices. India leads global pulse production, contributing 25% to the total pulse production. In the Jammu and Kashmir (J&K) region, 12,955 acres and 5,938 hectares are reportedly dedicated to pulse cultivation. According to digital database mapping, 98% of respondents in the study area cultivated Rajma, followed by black gram (79%), green gram (76%), horse gram (21%), French bean (19%), and red lentil (15%). The study revealed that all respondents used farmyard manure as a nutrient source, though application rates varied across regions and crop types. Hand weeding was the preferred weed control method across all farms. The findings also highlight a strong preference among farmers for organic farming over conventional methods, with many advocating for the increased promotion of organic practices. This research explores the current state of pulse production technologies, identifies limitations affecting their cultivation, and strategies to enhance productivity.
Effects of melatonin on planaria head regeneration are dependent on both timing and duration of exposure
Authors: Beeching Simon C. , Ruland Hanna E. , Sparks Katelyn M.
Published: January 2025

Melatonin is a multifunctional biomolecule with demonstrated stimulatory, inhibitory, and antioxidant effects, including both receptor‐mediated and receptor‐independent mechanisms of action. One of its more perplexing effects is the disruption of regeneration in planaria. Head regeneration in planaria is a remarkable phenomenon in which stem cells (neoblasts) migrate to the wound site, proliferate, then differentiate into all functional tissue types within days of injury. We investigated how both the timing and duration of melatonin exposure affect head regeneration in the planaria Phagocata gracilis (Haldeman). Our results demonstrate that P. gracilis is capable of recovery from the melatonin‐induced delay of regeneration and reveal the time required to recover to control levels. Further, we found evidence of regenerative stage‐specific responses to discontinuous melatonin exposure, including non‐inhibitory effects. Further exploration of melatonin's effects on regeneration can be targeted to specific regenerative processes, and the possibility of multiple mechanisms of action should be recognized.
Effects of time‐restricted feeding and meal timing on an 8‐week fat oxidation exercise training program—A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Hofstätter Florian , Niedermeier Martin , Rausch Linda K. , Kopp Martin , Simpson Lydia , Lawley Justin S.
Published: January 2025

Time‐restricted feeding (TRF) and aerobic exercise are lifestyle interventions to prevent or manage different metabolic diseases. How these interventions interact, including the impact of meal timing, is not well understood. The aim of this study was to examine the influence of TRF on fat oxidation during exercise, whereby participants performed an 8‐week fatmax‐training program either in the fasted state or after a carbohydrate‐based snack. 36 participants were randomized into three groups. (1) Training sessions were performed in the fasted state; (2) Training sessions were performed after consuming a standardized carbohydrate‐based snack; (3) Exercise training with an ad libitum diet as a control group. Pre‐ and post‐tests included anthropometric measurements and a fatmax‐cycle‐ergometry protocol to measure substrate oxidation. Data were analyzed as workload‐matched and maximal fat oxidation using a series of mixed ANOVAs. Workload‐matched (p = 0.038) and maximal (p < 0.001) fat oxidation improved in all groups. No significant group × time interactions were found in substrate utilization. Time had a significant effect on body weight (p = 0.011), fat mass (p < 0.001), and muscle mass (p < 0.001). Results suggest that fatmax exercise training leads to improvements in fat oxidative capacity independent of fed or fasted state.
Microstructure and wear properties of NiTi–XSiC coating of AISI 1020 by SHS
Authors: Yildirim Beltir Meral , Imak Anil , Kirik Ihsan , Turgut Aydin , Koc Vahdettin
Published: January 2025

In this study, the surface of AISI 1020 steel was coated with Ni/Ti and different ratios of SiC-reinforced Ni/Ti–XSiC powders by the self-combustion synthesis method using an inductive ignition system. The surface of AISI 1020 steel was coated with 25 g of Ni/Ti and SiC alloy powders at different ratios. After the coating process, optical microscope (OM), scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and energy spot analysis (EDS) tests were applied to examine the microstructure of the alloyed surface. Also, wear and microhardness tests were run. The results showed that the ratio of SiC reinforcement should range between 4 wt.% and 12 wt.%, and the best wear resistance was achieved in the specimen reinforced with 4 wt.% SiC. Moreover, when the ratio of SiC reinforcement was greater than 4 wt.%, it caused a negative effect on the wear resistance.
Crystal structure of (4-fluorobenzyl)triphenylphosphonium chloride, C25H21ClFP
Authors: Li Xue , Wang Guangyao
Published: January 2025

C25H21ClFP, monoclinic, P21/n (no. 14), a = 9.5700(2) Å, b = 13.9963(2) Å, c = 15.8793(4) Å, β = 101.024(2)°, V = 2087.70(8) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt(F) = 0.0401, wRref
(F
2) = 0.1112, T = 150 K.
20 años de Diversitas: aportando a la consolidación de la disciplina
Authors: Aguilar Bustamante María Constanza
Published: January 2025

Celebrar 20 años de Diversitas: Perspectivas en psicología es un hito significativo para esta revista científica semestral, editada desde 2005. A lo largo de estas dos décadas, Diversitas ha demostrado una notable capacidad de adaptación frente a múltiples desafíos, incluyendo los cambios en los sistemas de medición del Sistema Nacional de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación (SNCTI), en Colombia; las evaluaciones internacionales, las gobernanzas institucionales y las plataformas digitales.
Cuando una comunidad académica toma la decisión de comprometerse con una publicación seriada, asume un compromiso estratégico con la producción de conocimiento. Este compromiso implica la responsabilidad de darle visibilidad regular a sus productos: investigación, desarrollos conceptuales, revisiones, entrevistas, ensayos, entre otros. La producción y comunicación de conocimiento es una actividad compleja que requiere una planeación cuidadosa de actividades a mediano y largo plazo: búsqueda de información, su organización, planteamiento y resolución de problemas, diseño de procedimientos, selección y análisis de información para extraer conclusiones y generar discusiones que permitan proponer nuevas ideas. La misión de la revista se plasma en la tradición de la Facultad de Psicología y de la Universidad Santo Tomás. Diversitas se ha propuesto y ha sido un escenario de reflexión y discusión; de igual manera, ha estado comprometida con la expresión plural y la diversidad paradigmática de nuestra disciplina, con el objetivo de insertarse en el contexto nacional e internacional.
Vietos pavadinimų darybos ypatumai anglų ir lietuvių kalbose: M. Katiliškio romano „Miškais ateina ruduo“ ir jo vertimo į anglų kalbą analizė
Authors: Straižytė Danguolė , Ganusauskaitė Justė
Published: January 2025

The research aim of this paper is to compare and to analyze word formation properties of place nouns (hereinafter – NL) extracted from the Lithuanian novel “Miškais ateina ruduo” by M. Katiliškis, and their respective equivalents found in the English translation of the book.
Although this noun category is productive and often used in everyday discourse, little research has been done to define the word formation properties of NL in Lithuanian and English languages with a special focus on a base word and its derivational capacities. Both Lithuanian and English languages have productive word formation processes such as suffixation, prefixation and compounding, although they vary significantly. The aim of this study is to find out similarities and differences in word formation processes between these two target languages and to compare word formation patterns of NL extracted from the Lithuanian text and their equivalents found in the English translation of the novel.
Educación, lectoescritura e interculturalidad.
Authors: Henao Gil José Rodolfo
Published: January 2025

En este editorial del décimo número de la revista CEDOTIC pretendemos, además del sagrado oficio de escribir unos párrafos que acerquen y seduzcan a los lectores a los temas tratados en la publicación, aprovechar la oportunidad de ofrecer una reflexión que no busca trascender los contenidos de los trabajos seleccionados, sino servir de marco de referencia de modo que estos alcancen su esplendor y, sobre todo, cumplan con su propósito frente a los muchos y buenos lectores que asumen la revista como un medio de aprendizaje, emulación y motivación permanente hacia la lectura y la escritura. 
En consonancia con lo anterior, precisamente debemos observar la relación existente entre lectura y escritura en dos contextos que muy bien pueden constituir un dilema: uno de ellos es considerar la lectura y la escritura como un acto creativo, que responde más a un preludio inspirador de goce o placer que a solo encontrar, en este ejercicio, una respuesta condicionada, generalmente, de corte académico, para obtener beneficios.
Obeso, Madiedo y Silva: Hijos Del Siglo XIX
Authors: Sánchez Vizcaíno María José
Published: January 2025

Este artículo es una presentación concisa sobre la vida social y literaria de tres grandes escritores colombianos del siglo XIX: Candelario Obeso, Manuel María Madiedo y José Asunción Silva. Se analizará de ellos cuatro poemas, donde se busca entender cómo las voces líricas se convierten en subversivas, en el sentido de ir contra el canon literario de la época, volviéndose en obras vanguardistas que abren las puertas a un nuevo nivel de literatura.
Türkçe Öğretmenlerinin Türkçe Ders Kitaplarında Yer Alan Etkinliklere Yönelik Algılarının Belirlenmesi
Authors: Kesici Salih , Öztürk Nurettin
Published: January 2025

Bu araştırmanın amacı Türkçe öğretmenlerinin Türkçe ders kitaplarında yer alan etkinliklere yönelik algılarını belirlemektir. Araştırmanın katılımcı kümesini MEB’e bağlı farklı kurumlarda görev yapan 100 Türkçe öğretmeni oluşturmuştur. Araştırmada nicel araştırma yöntemlerinden betimsel tarama yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Araştırmada öğretmenlerin algılarını belirlemek amacıyla Türkçe Öğretmenlerinin Türkçe Dersi Etkinliklerine Yönelik Algıları Ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Araştırmada kullanılan ölçek “Kesinlikle Katılmıyorum” ile “Kesinlikle Katılıyorum” arasında değişen 5’li Likert’e dayalı olarak geliştirilmiştir. Ölçekte temel dil becerileri ve söz varlığı boyutunda beş, işlev boyutunda sekiz, ölçme ve değerlendirme boyutunda beş, öğretmen ve öğrenci katkısı boyutunda altı, olumsuz yanları boyutunda dört, etkileşim boyutunda üç, üstbilişsel beceriler boyutunda iki olmak üzere toplamda otuz üç madde yer alır. Araştırma sonucunda öğretmenlerin temel dil becerileri ve söz varlığı, işlev, ölçme ve değerlendirme, öğretmen ve öğrenci katkısı, etkileşim ve üst bilişsel alt boyutlarına yönelik algılarının olumlu olduğu etkinliklerin yararlı olmadığına ilişkin maddelerde ise algılarının olumsuz olduğu görülmüştür.
Özel Yetenekli Öğrencilerde Türkçe Eğitiminin İncelenmesi: BİLSEM ve Destek Eğitim Odaları
Authors: Ünveren Dilek
Published: January 2025

Bu çalışmada özel yetenekli öğrencilerde Türkçe eğitim süreçlerinin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Araştırma nitel araştırma modellerinden doküman incelemesi yönteminde yürütülmüştür. Bu bağlamda, Millî Eğitim Bakanlığı Özel Eğitim ve Rehberlik Hizmetleri Genel Müdürlüğünce çıkarılan ‘Özel Yetenekli Öğrenciler İçin Destek Eğitim Odası Etkinlikleri’ kitabı ile Özel Eğitim ve Rehberlik Hizmetleri Genel Müdürlüğünce çıkarılan ‘Bilim ve Sanat Merkezleri Türkçe Alanı Yardımcı Ders Materyali’ adlı kitaplar taranmıştır. Söz konusu materyallerde içerik ve içeriğin ele alınışı incelenmiştir. Bu bağlamda; ‘Özel Yetenekli Öğrenciler İçin Destek Eğitim Odası Etkinlikleri’ adlı kitapta; kazanımlar, etkinlikler ile yöntem ve teknikler incelenmiş, 5E Modeli ile gerçekleştirilen bir etkinlik örneği sunulmuştur. BİLSEM Türkçe Alanı Yardımcı Ders Materyali de aynı şekilde incelenmiş; kitaptaki etkinlikler, ana dili eğitiminde yararlanılan disiplinler, temalar, Türkçe eğitimi alanı kapsamında etkinlikler üzerinden kazandırılacak başlıca kavramlar belirlenmiştir. Söz konusu materyallerde üstün yetenekli çocuklara hazırlanan kazanım ve etkinlikler incelendiğinde bu etkinliklerin olağan gelişim gösteren öğrencilere göre daha zorlayıcı ve soyut bir düzlemde olduğu görülmektedir. Ayrıca, bakanlık tarafından hazırlanan bu kitaplardaki kazanım ve etkinliklerin süreç, içerik ve ürün faktörlerinin zenginleştirilip farklılaştırıldığı görülmektedir. Sonuç olarak, Millî Eğitim Bakanlığının bakış açısı, üstün yetenekli çocukların normal gelişim gösteren akranlarından bilişsel anlamda daha üst düzeyde yer aldıkları yönündedir ve onlara yönelik planlama ve eylemler de bu doğrultuda gerçekleştirilmektedir. Bu bağlamda, özel yeteneklilere yönelik hazırlanan araç gereçlerde onların ihtiyaçlarının ve bilişsel gelişimlerinin farkında olarak kazanım, etkinlik ve temaların tasarlandığı ve uygulamaların da bu yönde beklendiği söylenebilir.
Collected Publications of The Society for Spirituality and Social Work 1990 – 2005
Authors: Canda Edward R.
Published: January 2025

The Society for Spirituality and Social Work (SSSW) published print newsletters and journals, that included invited or refereed articles, with various names from 1990 to 2005 under the editorship of Edward Canda (1990 – 1992), Robin Russel (1994 – 2004), and Ann Weaver Nichols (2005). The articles in this compilation reveal innovation and creativity as expressed through research reports, bibliographic resources, narratives of practice experience, poetry, and accounts of local chapters’ activities, professional networking, national and international conferencing, and advocacy with the Council on Social Work Education and the National Association of Social Workers. This book makes the complete set of these publications available free and open access.

This compendium conveys insights from leaders and innovators in the movement to establish spiritually sensitive social work during an important historical period of its solidification in the United States. During this period, the SSSW helped to bring together scholars and practitioners who shared a commitment to promote respect, knowledge, and skill for addressing the diverse religious and nonreligious spiritual perspectives of clients and their communities. Authors include long-time advocates for addressing religion and spirituality in social work, such as Alan Keith-Lucas (since the 1950s), Donald Krill (since the 1960s), M. Vincentia Joseph (since the 1970s) and Robert Constable, Eleanor Hannon Judah and Max Siporin (since the early 1980s). Authors also include scholars and practitioners who have been active in the movement for spiritually sensitive social work from the 1990s to the present.
Gripped by the Drum
Authors: Canda Edward R.
Published: January 2025

This book presents an introduction to the Korean tradition of nongak (농악), which is a form of group percussion and dance performance rooted in agricultural lifestyle and shamanistic/animistic worldview. It is based on my research and experience as a former student of Kim Byeong Seop (1921-1987), who was a renowned and nationally awarded expert performer, innovator, and teacher of this music tradition. He is especially esteemed for his prowess as a lead janggu hourglass drum performer in group percussion and dance and as an innovator in solo janggu performance. He has been described as possibly the most highly profiled lead janggu (장구) drum performer of modern history. Master Kim grew up and learned nongak in the rural context of North Jeolla Province and later became a nationally prominent performer and teacher based in Seoul. His masterful artistry continues to inspire performers and researchers to this day.

This book presents a detailed introduction to his cultural context, life story, and teaching style plus his inspirational impact on my life. My primary purpose in writing this book is to honor my teacher, his legacy, and the tradition he represented. He had encouraged me to spread knowledge and appreciation of nongak. Accordingly, my second purpose is to make freely available information, documents, photographs, and audio and video recordings related to Master Kim’s teaching and performance style in order to support the study and continuation of his musical legacy.
Bacterial Etiology of Adult Community-Acquired Pneumonia in Pakistan: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Rahil Khowaja , Fazila Karimi
Published: January 2025

Background: Accurate knowledge of the epidemiology of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is essential for guiding appropriate antimicrobial therapy. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to identify and quantify the prevalence of common bacterial pathogens responsible for CAP in adult patients in Pakistan to improve empirical treatment strategies.
Methods: We systematically searched EMBASE, PubMed, Web of Science, and Google Scholar for studies published in English between January 1, 2000, and December 1, 2024. Studies were included if they reported bacterial etiology of radiologically confirmed CAP in adult patients in Pakistan. Quality assessment was performed using standardized criteria, and a random-effects model was used for meta-analysis. Seven studies met the inclusion criteria, comprising 1,793 CAP patients from three major cities: Karachi (n=4 studies), Lahore (n=1), and Rawalpindi (n=1).
Results: Meta-analysis revealed Streptococcus pneumoniae as the predominant pathogen (14%, 95% CI: 8-20%), followed by Pseudomonas aeruginosa (12%, 95% CI: 3-21%), Haemophilus influenzae (9%, 95% CI: 2-16%), and Staphylococcus aureus (8%, 95% CI: 2-13%). Significant heterogeneity was observed across studies (I² > 94% for all pathogens), attributable to variations in patient demographics (mean age range: 44.8-63.6 years), diagnostic methods (primarily sputum and blood cultures), and clinical settings (5 inpatient and 2 outpatient studies).
Conclusion: While S. pneumoniae emerged as the leading pathogen in Pakistani adults with CAP, the high heterogeneity and limited geographic representation suggest the need for more comprehensive research. Future studies should: 1) include diverse geographic areas, particularly rural settings, 2) employ standardized diagnostic methods, and 3) investigate pathogen-specific impacts on disease severity and outcomes to enhance CAP management strategies in Pakistan.
No Way Back? ECB’s Forward Guidance and Policy Normalisation
Authors: Haan Jakob De
Published: January 2025

This article (a) analyses forward guidance by the European Central Bank (ECB) and its role in the “normalisation” of the ECB’s monetary policy, and (b) assesses whether communication under the new ECB’s “meeting-by-meeting and data-dependent” approach has the potential to increase trust in the ECB and to steer financial markets in the intended direction. By communicating its future policy intentions (forward guidance), a central bank can tighten the gears between the short-term policy rate that it controls and the interest rates that influence economic behaviour. The ECB’s forward guidance steered financial markets in the desired direction and, in combination with other unconventional policies, probably helped to raise inflation when it was below target. However, forward guidance constrained the central bank’s ability to decide to end asset purchases and raise policy rates once inflation had risen above target. Furthermore, the ECB’s forward guidance was formulated in terms of inflation forecasts. As these forecasts seriously underestimated inflation, the ECB reacted too late to the inflation hike, undermining trust in the central bank. Trust is important because the inflation expectations of people who trust the central bank tend to be closer to the central bank’s inflation target. Communication under its current “meeting-by-meeting and data-dependent” approach can steer financial markets in the intended direction. It may also be easier for the public to digest than forward guidance. However, recent research questions whether it will increase trust in the ECB. The best way to regain trust is probably to bring inflation back to target.
The Athlete's Personal Authenticity as a Resource of Mental Well-Being in a Crisis of Coping with Sport Injury
Authors: Bochaver K.A. , Desyatnikova A.V. , Zyazina N.A.
Published: January 2025

The article presents an overview of modern foreign studies on the well-being of professional athletes during the period of coping with the crisis associated with sport injury. It is indicated that sports injury has not only signs of damage to the body, but also triggers specific deep processes, including combined distress, violation of psychological well-being, inability to plan and implement professional goals. To cope with them, an injured athlete needs a wide range of internal mental resources, and in their context, personal authenticity is of particular importance. The approaches to understanding this phenomenon are analyzed, and studies on related topics are presented that reveal the psychological potential of authenticity in preserving and strengthening psychological well-being. On the model of sports injury, the prospect of a special successful rehabilitation through the implementation of internal growth associated with injury (SIRG) is considered. The problems and prospects of further research are outlined, and a vision is given of the wide application of the described mechanisms in the work related to the recovery of patients and their psychological well-being.
Estrogen levels and mortality in elderly and senile women
Authors: Turusheva Anna V. , Panchishina Ksenia A.
Published: January 2025

Background: High estrogen levels in young and middle-aged women are considered a primary factor associated with lower mortality and morbidity rates due to cardiovascular diseases compared to men. However, population studies investigating the influence of estradiol on mortality in postmenopausal women have yielded mixed results.
Aim: To evaluate the impact of estrogen levels on life expectancy in elderly and senile women.
Materials and methods: A CRYSTAL prospective cohort study was conducted using a random sample of women aged 65 years and older (n = 280). The study collected data through surveys, medical record analyses, and laboratory tests. Key parameters included chronic co-morbidities, comprehensive geriatric assessments, and laboratory measurements of estradiol, thyroid-stimulating hormone, glycated hemoglobin, total protein, albumin, C-reactive protein, vitamin D, creatinine, complete blood count, and lipid profiles over a six-year follow-up period.
Results: Analysis of the relationship between estradiol levels and six-year survival showed a positive association between high estradiol levels and increased all-cause mortality, with a hazard ratio of 1.005 (95% confidence interval 1.000–1.009). The average survival time over the six-year observation period for women with estradiol levels below 73 pmol/L was 62.9 ± 1.2 months, compared to 49.9 ± 3.0 months for women with estradiol levels of 73 pmol/L or higher. After adjusting for age, history of acute cerebrovascular events, obesity, elevated C-reactive protein, glycated hemoglobin, and reduced cognitive function, women with estradiol levels of 73 pmol/L or higher had a 1.6-fold higher risk of all-cause mortality compared to women with estradiol levels below 73 pmol/L.
Conclusions: An estradiol level of 73 pmol/L or higher is an independent risk factor for mortality in postmenopausal women.
Early onset of cardiovascular disorders in children: risk factors and long-term consequences
Authors: Ryazanova Tatyana A. , Ustyuzhanina Margarita A. , Kovtun Olga P. , Brodovskaya Tatyana O.
Published: January 2025

Cardiovascular diseases (CVD), including myocardial infarction and stroke, remain the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in industrialized nations. This review highlights studies demonstrating that adverse prenatal factors play a significant role in determining cardiovascular health and contribute to the early development of subclinical atherosclerosis in children and adolescents. Indirect evidence of early atherosclerosis in children can be obtained through non-invasive imaging of vascular changes, such as anatomical alterations (e.g., increased intima-media thickness), mechanical changes (e.g., increased arterial stiffness), and physiological changes (e.g., reduced flow-mediated dilation). Effective early identification of individuals, particularly children, at an increased risk of future cardiovascular diseases is critical for prevention. Existing algorithms for assessing CVD risk or stages primarily rely on “traditional” risk factors. However, these algorithms often fail to accurately detect atherosclerosis in young individuals and are unsuitable for pediatric use, emphasizing the need for alternative methods to classify risk in asymptomatic young patients. This article provides an overview of such methodologies.
Modern approaches to assessing motor development in infants and young children in clinical practice
Authors: Andrushchenko Natalia V. , Palchik Alexander B. , Osipova Marina V.
Published: January 2025

Early detection of motor impairments poses a significant diagnostic challenge. This article examines methods that go beyond classical neurological examinations and are widely applied in both international and domestic practices for assessing motor development in infants and young children.
Diagnostic methods for evaluating motor development or predicting the risk of motor impairments can be categorized as follows: anamnestic methods (used to identify children at risk of motor skills disorders); milestone-based assessments (compare motor development to established norms); standardized observations (focus on the quality of movements and motor patterns; e.g., standardized neurological examinations adapted for infants and young children); screening tools (include standardized and semi-standardized instruments); developmental tests (assess motor and broader developmental domains).
Routine neurological examinations alone are insufficient for evidence-based assessments of motor development in high-risk infants or for evaluating intervention outcomes. While neurological scales are versatile, cultural factors can influence motor development stages. Although this influence is less significant than in other developmental domains, assessment tools must be adapted to national norms to maintain validity.
Assessment tools may either have a narrow focus (evaluating motor functions exclusively) or take a comprehensive approach (assessing motor functions alongside other developmental domains). The choice of a tool depends on the child’s age and the clinician’s objectives, such as identifying children at risk, predicting developmental outcomes, or evaluating the effectiveness of rehabilitation or early intervention programs. A critical limitation is the availability of tools and whether they have been adapted for domestic use.
This article outlines the age ranges, diagnostic parameters, and practical applications of 21 evidence-based diagnostic tools. It provides a classification of these tools and discusses their applications, particularly in multidisciplinary and multi-level diagnostic approaches.
The influence of epigenetic regulation on development of multifactorial diseases
Authors: Vokhmyanina Natalya V. , Golovanova Natalya E.
Published: January 2025

Multifactorial diseases pose a growing challenge to global healthcare due to their rapidly increasing prevalence, high mortality rates, and significant contribution to disability among the working-age population. Intensive research aimed at improving early diagnosis, prevention, and treatment has underscored the critical role of epigenetic changes, which influence gene expression without altering the primary DNA sequence. This article provides an overview of the primary epigenetic mechanisms involved in gene expression regulation, including DNA methylation, post-translational histone modifications, and the role of non-coding microRNAs in gene silencing. Epigenetic factors serve as a bridge between the genome and environmental influences. Environmental risk factors—shaped by lifestyle, behavior, ecological exposures, and psycho-emotional stress—play a significant role in the phenotypic manifestations of diseases and overall human health. The reversibility of epigenetic mechanisms regulating gene expression can lead to both beneficial and adverse health outcomes. The continuous development of new technologies positions epigenetics as a promising field for functional research, with the potential to fundamentally transform therapeutic approaches to the treatment of multifactorial diseases.
The Role of Nutritional Supplements in Modern Health: Achieving Cellular Balance for Optimal Wellness
Authors: Arefin Sabira , Global Health Institute Research Team
Published: January 2025

Nutritional supplements have become indispensable tools in addressing deficiencies, enhancing metabolic health, and preventing disease progression. As the global market for supplements grows, so does the understanding of their impact on the cellular level. This article examines the role of supplements in maintaining metabolic health, balancing essential minerals, and delaying diseases like obesity and chronic inflammation. By integrating research findings and case studies, we provide actionable insights for both consumers and industry stakeholders, highlighting the potential of strategic partnerships between supplement companies and health-focused events.
Figuraciones de lo precario: Repensando los estudios de lo precario en el Sur Global desde una perspectiva centrada en el sujeto
Authors: Thies Sebastian
Published: January 2025

Este texto propone una aproximación centrada en el sujeto para examinar las manifestaciones de lo precario en el Sur Global. Se entiende la precariedad no sólo como un fenómeno económico, sino también como una condición que impregna diversos aspectos de la vida social y cultural. El trabajo, en un primer momento, examina críticamente los enfoques canónicos sobre la precariedad, a menudo basados en problemáticos supuestos sobre la formación del sujeto. En segundo momento, presenta un marco teórico que emplea la noción de figuraciones desde diversas tradiciones de investigación en ciencias sociales y argumentamos que este enfoque ofrece una perspectiva que aborda las limitaciones de las visiones eurocéntricas sobre la subjetividad, avanzando en un análisis más inclusivo de lo precario.
La licencia plasmática de la ficción material: notas para una genealogía de la novela
Authors: Rodríguez Freire Raúl
Published: January 2025

El presente ensayo sostiene que el término con el que inicialmente se comprendió la novela, plasma, ha sido desconsiderado por la crítica especializada, debido a la dificultad inicialde comprenderla bajo la idea de género literario, lo que ha implicado un desconocimiento en la naturaleza material de la ficción. Ello porque plasma refiere al trabajo sobre una materia, que puede ser el lenguaje o la arcilla. A través de una lectura etimológica, se intenta mostrar la relevancia para la contemporaneidad de reposicionar el término plasma, y en particular de licencia plasmática, con el fin de contribuir a una historia de la noción de ficción.
Invernaderos utópicos del fin-de-siècle: naturaleza y técnica. Walter Benjamín y la arquitectura de cristal de Paul Scheerbart
Authors: Fuks Ludmila
Published: January 2025

Si bien resulta imposible determinar la fuente del interés de Benjamin por la arquitectura de cristal, sí podemos situar al menos dos ámbitos de la misma. Por un lado, los escritos de Paul Scheerbart, que Benjamin había leído al menos desde 1917, y, por el otro, sus observaciones sobre las transformaciones técnicas, sociales y artísticas del siglo XIX. Benjamin contrapone la arquitectura de cristal al intérieur burgués, y realza el valor de la primera en tanto arquitectura onírica, testimonio de un sueño colectivo, de una utopía sobre la relación con la naturaleza basada en la mixtura entre restos del pasado y deseos del futuro. Lo que guía este artículo es la específica trabazón que Benjamin anuda entre técnica y naturaleza, los materiales y la experiencia humana, que perfilan una humanidad distinta, presente ya en figuras originarias de la arquitectura de cristal, como la del invernadero. A su vez, el invernadero es una metáfora recurrente en la literatura del fin-de-siècle. La misma pone de relieve tanto la caducidad y lo unheimlich de la naturaleza, como también lo humano se permite otra definición, se habilitan en el entorno acristalado fantasías que ya no responden a la moral burguesa.
Energy Renormalization in a Berry Geometrical Phase: Low-Energy Perturbations of the Strong Interaction and the QCD Mass Gap
Authors: Gibbons Mark
Published: January 2025

A Berry geometrical phase is identified in a strongly metastable system containing dynamically responsive nanoscale clathrate hydrate structures within a crystal-fluid material. High energy degeneracy in the associated chemistry produces local stability and false vacuum conditions that lead to non-extensive and non-additive contributions in the fundamental thermodynamic relation. Application of Ginzburg-Landau theory and the scaling laws reveals a coherence length (3.05 m) and a penetration depth (2.2 m) that characterize a macro-scale dual superconductor. The coherence length describes a magnetic condensate whilst its inverse gives the Higgs mass (0.33 kg) and non-extensive volume changes (± 0.5 l). The penetration depth determines the extent of QCD vacuum suppression whilst its inverse gives an effective vector boson mass (≤ 0.46 kg), resulting in non-additive hyperbolic curvature. Simultaneous emergence of the Ginzburg-Landau superconducting phase transition is consistent with gauge-invariant coupling of the scalar field (≤ 3.6 ks-1) to the Yang-Mills action in QCD. The discovery of an energy gap in the gradient energy term of the system Lagrangian is associated with a critical correlation length (3.05 m) revealed in the transition from a gapped to a gapless superconducting state. Together with the emergence and reabsorption of the Higgs-like scalar field, a mechanism for describing a renormalized QCD mass gap arises. The phenomena reported are only relevant to a coordinated U(2) Lie symmetry group having scale-invariance across micro- and macro-scale QCD dual superconductivity. Under normal, non-critical conditions the symmetry is broken and separated into SU(2) Abelian condensed matter and SU(3) non-Abelian QCD elements that are effectively isolated. Energy and momentum cannot be transferred across the QCD mass gap and TeV confinement energies dominate as conservation of energy and momentum are confined to each individual symmetry group. It is proposed that where these symmetries are decomposed and synchronized then the QCD mass gap with associated TeV threshold dissipates.
Interpretation of Gravity by Entropy
Authors: Fujino Seiji
Published: January 2025

In this paper, we introduce generalized entropy, acceleration of its entropy and its partial entropy. We assume that generalized entropy can represent as a second-order polynomial by applying the idea of the logistics function to its entropy. Besides, we show that the inverse of partial entropy can represent Newton's gravity, which is an inverse square law. By applying these concepts, we attempt to explain that 1) gravity becomes constant within small distance with some conditions. It is possible that gravity has 5-states within small enough distance. There exists possible anti-force, which is the opposite of Newton's gravity among 5-states. Furthermore, within small distance, we show the possibility that gravitational potential and Coulomb potential can be treated in the same way, that 2) the rotation speed of the galaxy does not depend on its radius if the radius is within the size level of the universe. (The galaxy rotation curve problem), and that 3) gravitational acceleration toward the center may change at long distance compared to Newton's gravity. We show that it becomes an expansion of Newton's gravity, and that the possibility of the existence of some constants which controls gravity and the speed of galaxies, and that gravity may relate on entropy. It also describes the relationship between Yukawa-type potential and generalized negative partial entropy. Using equations proposed in this paper, it attempts to propose 11-types of forces (accelerations) including $g$ and compare the ratios of size of the fundamental 4-forces in nature (strong force, electromagnetic force, weak force and gravity). Furthermore, it suggests that there may exists new forces, and that gravitational constant $G$ can fluctuate if entropy changes. Thermodynamics, quantum, gravity, electromagnetic and ecology may be unified through entropy.
Designing for Dignity: Empowering Life Through Synergistic and Integrated Design Solutions for Aging in Place
Authors: Fakhimi Mohammad Mahdi , Hughes Adriana , Gustavson Allison M.
Published: January 2025

As global populations age, supporting older adults to age in place—remaining in their homes and communities—emerges as a critical challenge. This study investigates how interior architectural design can integrate human-centered, biophilic, and technology-driven principles with sustainable strategies to enhance the autonomy, safety, and well-being of older adults. Employing a multi-phase methodology, the research synthesizes literature on aging, interior architecture, and technology to establish a comprehensive framework. This framework emphasizes user participation, nature-inspired design, assistive technologies, and adaptable spatial planning. Key findings reveal actionable strategies, such as integrating biophilic elements like daylighting and greenery, employing user-friendly smart technologies, and incorporating universal design features like adjustable countertops and slip-resistant flooring. The proposed framework aligns design interventions with the physical, cognitive, and emotional needs of older adults, promoting environments that foster independence and dignity. Ultimately, the study underscores the importance of interdisciplinary collaboration in creating adaptable, sustainable, and empowering living spaces that enhance quality of life for aging populations.
Emerging Trends in Palladium Nanoparticles: Sustainable Approaches for Enhanced Cross‐Coupling Catalysis
Authors: Ayogu Jude I. , Elahi Numair , Zeinalipour-Yazdi Constantinos D.
Published: January 2025

Palladium nanoparticles (PdNPs) are transforming the landscape of modern catalysis and offer sustainable and efficient alternatives to traditional catalysts for cross-coupling reactions. Owing to their exceptional surface-to-volume ratio, PdNPs exhibit superior catalytic activity, selectivity and recyclability, making them ideal for the development of greener chemical processes. Recent innovations have focused on improving the stability and reusability of PdNPs through environmentally benign approaches such as water-based reactions, renewable stabilizers and magnetic nanoparticle support. These advancements not only reduce waste and energy consumption but also mitigate common issues such as catalyst leaching and agglomeration. The shift from conventional catalysis to these cutting-edge nanocatalytic techniques signifies a critical movement toward sustainable chemistry, positioning PdNPs at the forefront of industrial applications and the future of eco-friendly chemical synthesis.
Multiscale Information Processing in the Immune System
Authors: Navarro-Quiroz Roberto , Villareal Camacho José , Zarate Peñata Eloina , Bello-Lemus Yesit , López-Fernández Claudio , Gómez Escorcia Lorena , Fernandez-Ponce Cecilia , Rebolledo Cobos Martha , Fandiño Moreno Jenifer , Fiorillo-Moreno Ornella , Navarro-Quiroz Elkin
Published: January 2025

The immune system is a dynamic network that processes information across multiple biological scales, from molecular recognition of antigens to systemic coordination with the neuroimmune axis and microbiota. At the molecular level, pathways such as NF-κB and JAK-STAT regulate gene expression, integrating signals from pathogens and the organism itself while balancing activation through feedback loops. Cellular and tissue-level dynamics are exemplified by germinal centers, where B-cell hypermutation and clonal selection refine the humoral response, and by immunological synapses that regulate T-cell activation and fate. Systemically, the vagus nerve mediates neuroimmune interactions, while the microbiota co-evolves with the immune system, enhancing its plasticity and robustness. These processes embody antifragility, allowing the immune system to strengthen and expand its capabilities with each challenge. By understanding these multiscale processes, novel strategies emerge for precision medicine, including the modulation of the vagus nerve and microbiota, offering personalized approaches to treat infectious, autoimmune, and chronic diseases.
Quantum Relativity (Impact of Energy with Space-Time 4)
Authors: Ismail Ahmed Mohamed , Mohamed Samira Ezzat
Published: January 2025

This research answers the knowledge gap regarding the explanation of the quantum jump of the electron. This scientific paper aims to complete Einstein’s research regarding general relativity and attempt to link general relativity to quantum laws.
Using a Case Study Approach to Improve Professional Communication Skills in Teaching English for Specific Purpose
Authors: Khabirova Zulfiya
Published: January 2025

This study is devoted as part of the English for Special Subjects (ESP) course for electrical and computer engineering students. The research conducted with 2nd-year students of Ajou University in Tashkent aims to develop professional communication skills, including mastering technical vocabulary and oral presentation. The case study approach fosters critical thinking and collaboration by analyzing real-life scenarios such as website usability comparisons and problem-solving activities. Survey results showed significant improvements in students' English proficiency and engagement levels, despite challenges such as limited technical vocabulary and presentation anxiety. The study bridges the gap between theoretical knowledge and practical application, demonstrating the effectiveness of case studies in preparing students for real professional environments.
The Role and Application of Hypervisors in Modern Organizations
Authors: Amin Noor Ul , Shahzad Ali Danial , Hamza Abid Muhammad , Yamin Muiz Muhammad , Suleimanov Temirlan , Abdul Razick Muhammad Shabir
Published: January 2025

The critical role and applications of hypervisors in empowering organizations toward improved operational efficiency and resource management form the basis for discussion. A hypervisor-a basic layer of virtualization-allows several virtual machines to work on one physical server, keeping resource utilization optimized and performance warranted. We will look into classifying hypervisors into mainly two classes, namely Type 1 and Type 2, discussing their particular characteristics, advantages, and scenarios of application. Key applications discussed include server virtualization, desktop virtualization, and cloud computing, all touting benefits that include multi-tenancy, better resource utilization, and centralized management. Practical scenarios analyzed further in the paper include legacy system support, testing new software applications, and server consolidation, showing how hypervisors can meet industry-specific challenges. The discussion also covers critical considerations for choosing the right hypervisor, with a focus on performance, security, compatibility, and management capabilities. The findings underline hypervisors as the bedrock of modern IT infrastructure, driving innovation, flexibility, and cost-effectiveness for organizations to meet the changing technological landscape.
Pregnancy in an SRY-Negative XX Developmental Sex Disorder Pig After Re-Moving an Ovotestis
Authors: Toenges Jewel , Tibary Ahmed , Oatley Jon Michael , Waqas Salman Muhammad , Robbins Colton , Ciccarelli Michela
Published: January 2025

A 2-year-old Large White research gilt was presented to the Comparative Theriogenology service at WSU for infertility. She was produced from the transfer of genetically modified embryos obtained by in vitro fertilization (IVF) that had been treated with CRISPR-Cas9 reagents to mutate the NANOS2 gene. Since birth, the gilt showed a so-called “skyhook” vulva and abnormal estrous cycles. She was artificially inseminated multiple times, starting at 5 months of age, with semen from a proven boar, but never conceived. On transabdominal ultrasonography of the reproductive tract, a unilateral ovotestis was suspected. An exploratory laparotomy was performed and confirmed the presence of ovarian and testicular tissue on her right gonad. The diagnosis was confirmed by histology following unilateral gonadectomy. The cytogenic evaluation revealed the gilt to be XX, 38; SRY-negative. The gilt showed estrus signs 4 months after surgery, and artificial insemination was performed, which resulted in a pregnancy. She delivered six piglets. Necropsy was performed following humane euthanasia. Several abnormalities of the reproductive tract were discovered, including a unilateral mucometra due to a complete septum preventing communication between the right uterine horn and the body of the uterus. This case is novel because it demonstrates that surgical removal is an effective treatment for fertility in SRY-negative XX DSD gilts with partial masculiniza-tion, posing the presence of a normal ovary and a developed oviduct and uterine horn.
Expanding the Genetic and Clinical Spectrum of SCN1A-Related Hemiplegic Migraine: Analysis of Mutations in Japanese
Authors: Danno Daisuke , Tada Haruka , Oda Itsuki , Kawashia Norihito , Hirano Makito , Kitamura Shigekazu , Kikui Shoji , Samukawa Makoto , Yoshikawa Keisuke , Mitsui Yoshiyuki , Nagai Yoshitaka , Takeshima Takao , Saigoh Kazumasa
Published: January 2025

Familial Hemiplegic migraine (FHM) is characterized by repeated episodes of reversible localized neurological deficits, in addition to headache. The aura of HM includes visual, sensory, motor, and verbal symptoms. HM is classified into non-familial sporadic HM (SHM) and familial HM (FHM). Here, we analyzed the clinical symptoms and their relevance in four Japanese patients considered to have SCN1A mutations as a cause. Sequencing of SCN1A was performed using the Sanger method in 50 blood samples from clinically suspected patients with FHM. Subsequently, algorithm analysis, allele frequency determination, and three-dimensional structure analysis of the recognized variants were performed, and the recognized variants were evaluated. We found five heterozygous missense mutations (p.A23E, p.V250L, p.T398M, p.R1575C, p.L1660I) in SCN1A, three of which had not been reported. These five mutations may also affect the structure of the protein products, as assessed using a three-dimensional structural analysis. In all cases, the clinical symptoms included visual, sensory, motor, and verbal symptoms, which are forms of aura. Similarities were detected, such as the appearance of symptoms at a young age and other symptoms, such as hemiplegia after a headache attack. We report five missense mutations in SCN1A of Japanese cases.