bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Spectrum of Residual Symptoms in Post COVID Patients
Authors: Shaukat Aamir , Anjum Amin , Sabri Ahmad Ayaz , Ahmad Nazir , Javed Rehan , Daud Sara
Published: October 2024

Background: There are limited studies regarding post-COVID-19 infection patient’s health status. Objective: To analyze the prevalence of post COVID-19 residual symptoms in local population of Faisalabad. Study Design: Cross sectional study. Settings: This study was conducted in Govt. General Teaching Hospital, GM Abad / Faisalabad Medical University, Faisalabad Pakistan. Duration: Over a period of 6 months. Methods: 212 patients fulfilling inclusion and exclusion criteria were enrolled in the study after obtaining a written informed consent. Demographics, relevant history, symptoms at presentation, date / duration since discharge from hospital, symptoms present on follow up date, severity of disease and treatment given were recorded for the patients discharged from the hospital in last 4 months. Results: Out of 212 COVID-19 patients, 56.6% were male and 43.4% were females Mean length of Hospital stay and mean time to follow up was 6.8 days and 88 days respectively. 94.3% patients returned to baseline functional status and jobs after recovery while 5.7% could not return to baseline functional status. 56.6% patients reported no post covid residual symptoms. Most frequently reported symptoms after covid recovery were Fatigue 24.5%, Depression 22.6% and Body Pains 20.8%. Fever, cough and dyspnea were reported in 11.3%, 17% and 3.8% respectively. Conclusion: Despite apparent recovery from Covid-19 infection many patients still face a wide range of post covid symptoms months after initial infection.
A Cross-Sectional Study to Assess the Healthy Lifestyle Profile of University Students in Faisalabad; Pakistan
Authors: Wattoo Faiza , Farhan Javed  , Tanvir Ahmed  , Tabinda Roheen  , Sheroze Ilyas  , Sadia Ijaz
Published: October 2024

Background: This study described the effect and correlation of independent variables such as discipline (MBBS, BDS, DND, AHS, DPT, and OD), study years (first, second, third, and fourth), and living system (with family or university hostel) with a healthy lifestyle. Objective: The study aims to assess the healthy behaviors of students enrolled in various disciplines at The University of Faisalabad. Study Design: Cross-sectional. Settings: The data was collected from students enrolled in various disciplines such as Bachelor of Medicine & Bachelor of Surgery (MBBS), bachelor of dental surgery (BDS), doctor of nutrition and dietetics (DND), allied health sciences (AHS), doctor of physical therapy (DPT), and doctor of optometry (OD) during different study year such as first, second, third and fourth years at the University of Faisalabad (TUF). Duration: Dec 2023 to January 2024 Methods: A questionnaire designed for health-promoting lifestyle profile II (HPLP-II) was distributed among 384 students to assess their healthy life profile. One-way ANOVA and chi-square tests were applied to check the effect and regression analysis was done to determine the correlation of independent variables with the overall HPLP-II and its six subscales (p>0.05). Results: MBBS participants got the overall HPLP-II mean value of 2.541±0.068 with the highest mean score 2.869±0.036 for spiritual growth and the lowest mean score 2.169±0.075 for health responsibility. This overall HPLP-II score declined among BDS (2.529±0.089), DND (2.521±0.059), AHS (2.513±0.058), DPT (2.498±0.078), and OD (2.493±0.019). The first-year participants showed significantly better health responsibilities, physical activity, spiritual growth, and nutrition than the participants of the second, third, and fourth years. The participants who were living with their families had significantly better nutrition, health responsibility, interpersonal relations, and physical activity scores as compared to those students living in university hostels. Conclusion: These findings relate the HPLP-II to a variety of university disciplines, study years, and students’ living systems. This will allow university administrators and healthcare practitioners to devise interventions aimed at enhancing and designing healthy lifestyles and suitable educational programs for students.
Comparative Histopathological Analysis of Ovarian Tumors with an Emphasis on High-Grade Serous Carcinoma Prevalence
Authors: Shagufta Nasir Pervez  , Shazia Naz  , Sara Jamil Khan  , Daina Shah  , Farhan Abbas Baloch  , Al Ibad Ahmad , Umar Rehman
Published: October 2024

Background: Ovarian cancer is the world's second most frequent gynecologic malignancy, accounting for the fifth leading cause of cancer-related death among women in developed countries. Ovarian tumors present with diverse histopathological diagnoses. Objective: To determine the prevalence and histological examination of various forms of ovarian malignancies. Study Design: A descriptive cross-sectional study. Settings: Pathology Department of Hayatabad Medical Complex, Peshawar, Pakistan. Duration: 01 January to 31 December, 2023. Methods: 146 ovarian tumor specimens were collected over one year. All confirmed histopathological cases of ovarian tumors were selected in the study. The collected data was analyzed through SPSS-26. The Chi-square test was applied to find the significant associations between categorical parameters. Results: Among the 146 specimens, high-grade serous carcinoma (HGSC) was frequently observed, accounting for 31.5% of cases, followed by clear cell carcinoma (4.1%), mucinous carcinoma (4.1%), and endometrioid carcinoma (4.1%). Geographic analysis revealed significant variations in HGSC prevalence, with Peshawar showing the highest number of HGSC cases 28.2% (n=22/7). A statistically significant association has been determined between geographic location and HGSC diagnosis (p=0.006). Conclusion: It is concluded that the HGSC was the most prevalent ovarian tumor case in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, with significant geographic variations. Enhancing awareness, early detection, and standardized diagnostic practices are essential to improve patient outcomes.
The role of intelligent systems in the activities of higher education institutions and personnel training in the face of new challenges
Authors: Zhukovskaya Irina E. , Xashimxodjayev Sharafutdin I. , Amirov Rasul A. , Norboeva Nafisa E.
Published: October 2024

This article reflects the issues of application of intelligent systems, innovative methods and tools in teaching students and postgraduates of higher education institutions, as well as in the management of all areas of activity of higher education institutions. The authors consider the structure of an intelligent system, emphasize the role of the knowledge base in the structure of an intelligent system. In addition, this work notes that the introduction of intelligent technologies into the educational process at a university helps to improve the quality of training of specialists by creating more comfortable learning conditions, the possibility of providing each student with an individual trajectory of acquiring knowledge, developing professional competencies. The authors concluded that the use of artificial intelligence in a university is one of the innovative areas in the training of qualified specialists in the context of new challenges of our time.
Staff turnover management based on HR analytics data
Authors: Chudinovskikh Marina V. , Tkach Anastasia N. , Korolkov Dmitry Y.
Published: October 2024

Staff turnover is one of the most pressing problems faced by companies in the context of a growing shortage of staff. The article is devoted to the development of recommendations for improving staff turnover management based on HR analytics data. Based on the analysis of publications devoted to the problem of turnover, the main metrics that are used to analyze staff turnover are systematized. To expand the possibilities of justification and management decision-making, an assessment is given of the possibility of using the theory of personnel cycling, as well as a deeper study of turnover problems based on statistical methods. The developed recommendations can be used to analyze data on turnover in the company and develop measures aimed at improving the efficiency of the turnover management process.
Contribuciones de los principios agroecológicos a la sustentabilidad de las plantaciones forestales con fines comerciales
Authors: Arce Rojas Rodrigo Severo
Published: October 2024

El presente artículo discute la aplicación de los principios agroecológicos al diseño y manejo de las plantaciones forestales con fines comerciales a partir de las reflexiones sobre el caso peruano. El propósito es contribuir al enriquecimiento del marco filosófico, teórico y metodológico de las plantaciones forestales comerciales como agroecosistemas sustentables. Aunque la agroecología está fuertemente orientada a los sistemas agroalimentarios también se orienta a los agroecosistemas, y por lo tanto sus principios pueden ser aplicables a las plantaciones forestales comerciales. Los principios agroecológicos con su enfoque sistémico, su perspectiva socio-ecológica y biocultural, su compromiso por la biodiversidad nativa y la sustentabilidad, su adscripción al buen vivir y su carácter ético-político enriquecen el marco teórico y metodológico de las plantaciones forestales comerciales trascendiendo la orientación fuertemente productivista que prima hasta la fecha. Es por ello que se propone plantaciones forestales comerciales para la vida. Se concluye que toda silvicultura aplica principios ecológicos, pero no toda silvicultura aplica principios agroecológicos, en tanto se considera que la silvicultura y la agroecología son disciplinas totalmente separadas y con fines diferentes.
Otopsi Linguistik Forensik Pada Tuturan Perundungan Siber di Media Sosial Tiktok: Studi Kasus Pemilihan Umum Tahun 2024
Authors: Sandi Rizki Junando , Sawirman Sawirman , Aslinda Aslinda
Published: October 2024

Freedom of speech on social media often gives rise to acts of cyber-bullying aimed at insulting, offensive, and degrading individuals or groups. The use of language as a tool to perpetrate cyber-bullying deserves further attention. This research aims to analyze forensic linguistic autopsy of cyber-bullying speech on social media Tiktok with a case study of the 2024 General Election. This research is qualitative research with stages of data collection and analysis carried out through observation, textual techniques and lingual data recording, so that followed by comparing the data referentially. The results of research on cyberbullying speech on social media Tiktok with a case study of the 2024 General Election, specifications for the Presidential and Vice Presidential Election for the period 2024-2029 found 15 evidence of language having a legal impact, namely palak ayahkau, Anies cukimai, stupid, melehoy, Mbah Wowo & Samsul, belegug, otak kosong, bacot, Ganjar bokep, Rohingya President, selling satay, tuelek, tuek, and cocot are connected in every profile. Based on  the results for this research prove that cyber-bullying is often used by Tiktok social media users to attack and insult presidential and vice presidential candidates in the 2024 elections.
Producción de Crotalaria juncea L. a diferentes densidades de siembra y edad al corte
Authors: Cristobal-Santiago Oswar , Maldonado-Peralta María de los Ángeles , Rojas-García Adelaido Rafael , Palemón-Alberto Francisco , Romero-Rosales Teolincacihuatl , Hernández-Pólito Antonio
Published: October 2024

México y la mayoría de los países de Latinoamérica presentan manejo deficiente en la producción de forrajes, al ser factor determinante en la alimentación animal. El objetivo fue evaluar la producción de forraje y proteína cruda de Crotalaria juncea L. sembrada a diferente densidad de siembra y cosechado a diferente época de corte, en la Costa Chica de Guerrero, México en el año 2021. Los tratamientos fueron: tres densidades de siembra a 400 000, 200 000 y 100 000 plantas ha-1. También se analizó el crecimiento a los 30, 43, 50, 56, 63, 70, 77, 84, 91 y 98 días al considerar que la vaina estuviera completamente desarrollada. Las variables evaluadas fueron: rendimiento de materia seca, relación hoja:tallo, composición morfológica, proteína cruda, fibra detergente neutra y fibra detergente ácida. El comportamiento promedio del RMS sin importar la edad de corte y según las densidades de siembra, fue el siguiente: 400 000 ˃ 200 000 ˃ 100 000 plantas ha-1 con 9 107, 7 750 y 5 874 kg MS ha-1, respectivamente (p≤ 0.05). Independientemente de las densidades de plantas, en los primeros días de corte, de 30 a 43 días, la proteína cruda fue mayor con un promedio de 15.58 a 10.7%, respectivamente y en la frecuencia de corte de 56 días se observó el menor porcentaje con 8.3% (p≤ 0.05). La crotalaria se debe sembrar a una densidad de 400 000 plantas ha-1 y cortar a los 70 días de crecimiento, además que anticipa el inicio de la floración.
Avaliação dos estágios de mineralização da sutura palatina mediana, em pacientes adultos, utilizando Tomografia Computadorizada de Feixe Cônico
Authors: Batista Thálison Ramon de Moura , Teixeira Alícia Morais , Sant'ana Isadora Moura , Andrade Martha Gabrielle Bezerra , LIMA CACILDA CASTELO BRANCO , Rego Marcus Vinicius Neiva Nunes do
Published: October 2024

A Expansão Rápida da Maxila (ERM) consiste na abertura mecânica da sutura palatina mediana, induzindo uma neoformação óssea e proporcionando um alargamento da maxila no sentido transverso. A ERM vem sendo utilizada rotineiramente na prática ortodôntica em prol da correção de mordidas cruzadas posteriores e aumento do perímetro do arco para a correção do apinhamento dentário. Sendo assim, durante muito tempo, a ERM foi indicada exclusivamente para indivíduos em crescimento, considerando-se que este grupo de pacientes possuiestágio de mineralização da sutura palatina mediana incompleta. Nesse contexto, o objetivo do trabalho foi classificar os estágios de mineralização da sutura palatina mediana em pacientes adultos (18 a 30 anos), utilizando tomografia computadorizada de feixe cônico e determinar a frequência de ocorrência dos estágios maturacionais, buscando correlação destes, com a idade cronológica dos pacientes e aplicabilidade clínica. Para a avaliação da sutura palatina mediana foram utilizadas 76 tomografias computadorizadas, sendo estas, classificadas de acordo com os estágios de maturação proposto por Angelieri. Após a aplicação do teste X2verificou-se que não há diferença entre os gêneros para os estágios de mineralização e que a probabilidade da sutura se apresentar em um estágio precoce de maturação, sem a formação de pontes ósseas (estágio B), foi de 11,8%, na faixa etária de 18 a 21 anos e de somente 1,2% no grupo de 26 a 30 anos. Já no estágio C, houve um aumento da probabilidade de ocorrência com a idade, sendo de 19,2% dos 18 a 21 anos, e de 32,1% dos 26 a 30 anos. O estágio D foi o mais frequente em todas as faixas etárias. Os estágios que representaram a mineralização completa da sutura na região posterior (estágio D e E) atingiram probabilidade acima de 67% em todas as faixas etárias.
Caso incomum de incisivo superior geminado com cúspide de garra
Authors: Carvalho Stephane Vieira , Quaresma Ingrid , Gomes Luciene De Moura Alves , Araujo Alessandra Rodrigues , Rêgo Isabel Cristina Quaresma
Published: October 2024

Objetivo: Relatar o caso de germinação dentária em incisivo superior permanente com cúspide em garra e a importância do conhecimento dessa alteração morfológica. Métodos: O estudo consiste em um relato de caso que ocorreu na clínica da Associação Cirurgiões-Dentistas do Piauí (ABCD-PI), no exame clínico observou-se que o elemento dentário incisivo superior direito, apresentava anomalia, o relato foi escrito com a permissão da participante através de um Termo de Consentimento Livre e Esclarecido lido e assinado pelo paciente e sua responsável. Resultados: Os exames sugeriram que havia uma comunicação pulpar compatível com uma germinação dentária aliada as características clínicasde cúspide em garra. Conclusão: Dente geminado com cúspide em garra pode causar uma variedade de problemas clínicos que exigem diagnóstico precoce.
O potencial terapêutico de inibidores do transportador de sódio-glicose 2 na retinopatia diabética: revisão integrativa
Authors: Ferreira Éliton Aparecido , Campos Emerson Fábio de Carvalho , Dias Ytallo Rangell , Oliveira Ronald Mateus Santos de , NOGUEIRA RENATA DE ALENCAR
Published: October 2024

Objetivo:Sintetizar os principais resultados de estudos que avaliaram o uso de iSGLT2 em pacientes com retinopatia diabética. Metodologia:Elaborada uma revisão integrativa da literatura em abril de 2024. Empregando os termos “Diabetic Retinopathy”, “Sodium-Glucose Transporter 2 Inhibitors” e termos correlatos. A busca foi feita no PubMed, Elsevier Science Direct Journals e Web of Science, independente do ano de publicação. Incluídas pesquisas com pacientes ou modelos animais de retinopatia diabética. Excluídos os trabalhos em idiomas diferentes que o inglês e texto integral não disponível. Foram selecionados 12 estudos para o escopo dessa revisão. Resultados:Estudos destacam iSGLT2 como inibidores de citocinas inflamatórias e protetores da retina na retinopatia diabética. Eles regulam fatores inflamatórios, preservam a integridade vascular e reduzem apoptose, sugerindo potencial terapêutico significativo e efeitos benéficos na degeneração retiniana e no edema macular diabético. Conclusão:Os iSGLT2 podem melhorar marcadores na retinopatia diabética, mas estudos clínicos randomizados são limitados.
A imagem do corpo feminino no puerpério: reflexões acerca da influência das mídias sociais
Authors: Pontes Laís Gomes Santuche , Silva Cristiane Vanessa da , Xavier Rozania Bicego , Bento Paulo Alexandre de Souza São
Published: October 2024

Objetivo:Refletir como as mídias sociais retratam a imagem do corpo feminino no puerpério. Metodologia:Estudo reflexivo, descritivo, de perspectiva qualitativa, construído com base nas publicações midiáticas, referentes a dois corpos femininos no puerpério. Resultados:No Instagram, o vídeo de Viih Tube, um mês após o parto,gerou 16 reels, 150 mil compartilhamentos e 59,6 mil comentários, muitos enaltecendo a maternidade real e suas marcas. A icônica foto da Thaila Ayala, esbelta, amamentando em pé, em posição invertida obteve 335.701 mil curtidas e 4.490 mil comentários que repercutiram críticas, sobre a amamentação irreal e o padrão de corpo inatingível para muitas mulheres. Discussão: A mídia vem se tornando, cada vez mais, uma influência para o corpo feminino, expondo padrões em busca da perfeição. o corpo da mulher é sempre visto como alvo de críticas,seja ele no puerpério ou não. A sociedade se sente no direito de impor padrões inalcançáveis e que prejudicam diversos segmentos da vida da mulher.Conclusões: As mídias sociais têm um papel importante nas reflexões e discussões que podem desmistificar o corpo perfeito e valorizar o processo vivido pelas mulheres no puerpério.
Judicialização para atendimento especializado a indivíduos com transtorno do espectro autista (TEA) em Ipatinga-MG: 2019-2023
Authors: Silva Mariana Santos Nascimento , Souza Christiana Assis de , Leal Mirela Ambrósio , Garonci Thalita Maria Coelho Cherobim , Soares Jaqueline Melo
Published: October 2024

OBJETIVO: descrever os perfis das solicitações judiciais dos portadores de TEA para acesso à tratamento especializado. MÉTODO:estudo observacional descritivo do tipo transversal retrospectivo, que analisou solicitações judiciais recebidas pela Prefeitura de Ipatinga-MG (2019-2023), em relação aos pedidos de acesso às terapias multiprofissionais e farmacológicas.A amostra avaliada foi de 23 solicitantes. RESULTADOS:o sexo predominante foi o masculino (86,95%), e o responsável pelo pedido, em 100%, foi a mãe. O ano de 2021 teve o maior intervalo de tempo, desde o laudo médico até a entrada do pedido na prefeitura. A fonoaudiologia foi a terapia mais solicitada (95,6%), devido ao atraso na fala. Medicamentos foram indicados para 34,7% dos solicitantes. Os psiquiatras infantis foram os principais emissores de laudos médicos (86,95%). CONCLUSÃO:conclui-se que o diagnóstico precoce e o acompanhamento multiprofissional são imprescindíveis no manejo e tratamento do autista, sendo seu direito requerer o auxílio por via judicial.
Tratamentos anti-hemorrágicos para pacientes hemofílicos submetidos à extração dentária: uma revisão da literatura
Authors: Guedes Irisvaldo Lima , Costa Margarida Maria Silva Sá Mendes da , Ramos Maria Victoria Miranda , Bezerra Camila Romeiro , Pereira Vanessa dos Santos
Published: October 2024

Objetivo: Apresentar, através de uma revisão de literatura, os tratamentos atuais anti-hemorrágicos para pacientes com hemofilia que são submetidos a extrações dentárias.Metodologia:Trata-se de uma revisão da literatura. A busca dos artigos foi realizada nas basesde dados Pubmed, web of science e scopus. Foram incluídosartigos no idioma inglês, disponíveis na íntegra entre os anos de 2013 e 2024. Pesquisas que duplicaram entre as bases de dados, publicações incompletas ou que não se enquadraram no escopo da pesquisa foram excluídos. Resultados: No total, 13 artigos foram incluídos na revisão. As principais terapias encontradas foram: Desmopressina, Agentes antifibrinolíticos, Ankaferd Blood Stooper (ABS), Curativo local (TachoComb), Ácido tranexâmico, Profilaxia com emicizumabe, Trombina-gelatina (Floseal) e entre outras. Conclusão: Existem uma série de tratamentos anti-hemorrágicos para pacientes hemofílicos submetidos à extração dentária. Essas terapias variamde acordo com o defeito hemostático específico, sua gravidade e o tipo de procedimento cirúrgico.
Déficits de memória na população acometida pela covid-19: uma revisão sistemática da literatura
Authors: Nascimento Henrique Souza , Cedaro José Juliano , Oliveira Marcelo Xavier de , Santos Lilia Jarina Almeida Martins dos , Lopes Manuela Havena Rosendo , Santos Júlia Mendes
Published: October 2024

Evidências sugerem que o SARS-CoV-2 é capaz de afetar o funcionamento do Sistema Nervoso Central (SNC), além de outros órgãos e tecidos. Alguns estudos já buscaram investigar a prevalência e existência de déficits cognitivos em indivíduos acometidos pela doença,como um sintoma pós-COVID. Dentro desse contexto, o objetivo deste trabalho foi verificar entre adultos acometidos pela COVID-19 a presença de déficits de memória verificados em testes neuropsicológicos.Para isso foi realizada uma revisão sistemática da literatura por meio do mapeamento de artigos científicos nas bases de dados PubMed, SciELO e CAPES. Essa busca resultou em 821 artigos, dentre os quais 65 foram incluídos no estudo. As principais medidas neuropsicológicas empregadas pelos estudos foram os testes digit span, rey-osterrieth complex figure test (ROCF)e o rey's verbal auditory learning test (RAVLT). Embora a maioria dos estudos tenham descrito metodologias observacionais, a maioria utilizou degrupo controle para comparação dos resultados (n = 39). Cerca de 90% dos estudos identificaram déficits cognitivos em algum processo mnêmico avaliado e indicam que adultos acometidos pela COVID-19 possuem risco maior para manifestação de alterações cognitivas, corroborando com o que é evidenciado na literatura.
Caderno Digital direcionado a Capacitação dos Estudantes do Ensino Médio Integrado em Práticas de Pesquisa na Educação Profissional e Tecnológica
Authors: Moura Graziella Chrysóstomo da Silva , Melo Rosangela Maria de
Published: October 2024

Caderno de Orientação para a EPT (Educação Profissional e Tecnológica) sobre Letramento Informacional no Ensino Médio Integrado.
Promover o letramento informacional, e assim, desenvolver habilidades de pesquisa nos estudantes de Ensino Médio Integrado, voltadas à busca, uso e acesso à informação.
Uma proposta de uso do gênero textual resenha para promover práticas de letramento na Educação de Jovens e Adultos - PROEJA
Authors: Oliveira Ana Laura Barbosa de , Melo Rosangela Maria de
Published: October 2024

Sequência Didática para a modalidade de Educação de Jovens e Adultos – PROEJA sobre Práticas de Letramento no PROEJA.
Cut-off values of one-minute sit-to-stand test for determining physical performance in mild-post-COVID-19 individuals
Authors: Srithawong Arunrat , Poncumhak Puttipong , Promsrisuk Tichanon , Amput Patchareeya
Published: October 2024

Background

This study aims to establish cutoff values for the one-minute sit-to-stand test (1STST) to predict physical performance in mild-post- coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) individuals and to compare the 1STST with the 6-minute walk test (6MWT) in assessing hemodynamic response and to explore the correlation between 1STST, 6MWT, and muscle strength, including leg and respiratory muscle strength.

Methods

A cross-sectional study of 93 participants with mild post-COVID-19 symptoms was conducted. Sociodemographic and anthropometric data were collected, and pulmonary function, as well as respiratory and quadriceps muscle strength, were evaluated. Functional capacity was assessed using the 6MWT and 1STST. Additionally, hemodynamic responses, fatigue, and dyspnea were measured before and after each test.

Results

The cutoff for the 1STST in mild post-COVID-19 individuals was ≥29 repetitions, with an AUC of 0.84, sensitivity of 80.52%, and specificity of 75.00%. The 1STST resulted in higher heart rate, systolic blood pressure, and dyspnea compared to the 6MWT, and showed a significant moderate correlation with the 6MWT (r = 0.532, p < 0.0001) and weak correlations with leg strength and respiratory muscle strength.

Conclusion

A cutoff of less than 29 repetitions on the 1STST indicates functional impairment in mild post-COVID-19 cases, as it induces greater physiological stress than the 6MWT and correlates with muscle strength, making it crucial for rehabilitation assessment.
Biafra
Authors: Doron Roy
Published: October 2024

The Nigerian Civil War (1967–1970), also known as the Biafran War, remains one of the most politically charged and divisive issues in contemporary Nigerian politics. During its three years of violence, the war resulted in an astonishing number of deaths. This included civilians who suffered starvation due to the siege, which ultimately ended with no victors.Biafra discusses the major political, military, and diplomatic factors that came to play in the war, as well as the matters of genocide, humanitarian relief, and the memory of Biafra. Author Roy Doron delineates the war's operational history, from its origins to its military engagements, failures in leadership, international reactions, and its resolution and legacy. Biafra also examines how the country was affected after the war, when Nigeria's military government imposed a "no victors, no vanquished" policy in order to minimize further conflict and promote national unity. Providing the first comprehensive narrative history of the Nigerian Civil War in more than 50 years, Biafra offers a new basis for scholars and readers to understand one of postcolonial Africa's most devastating and consequential conflicts.
Greater Minnesota
Authors: Hicks Patrick
Published: October 2024

9781645384977, 9798823204293, 9781957590110
Investigation of The Fatigue Behavior of Gyrocopter Propellers Produced From 6061 T6 Aluminium Alloy
Authors: Öz Ahmet Özer , Türkoğlu Ercüment , Önen Umut , Taşkın Mustafa
Published: October 2024

In the aviation sector, the production of propeller-driven aircraft is being accelerated due to the increase in passenger numbers, the possibility of transportation for shorter distances, and the reduction in costs in aircraft designs. Gyrocopter vehicles, which have recently begun to be used in aviation, have significant potential in the near future. The demand for these air vehicles in the aviation sector is growing due to their ability to operate in relatively short ranges, their low operational and maintenance costs. Generally, the systems that most significantly reduce costs in these aircraft are propellers. The technological advancements in material science have facilitated innovative solutions in the design and manufacturing of propellers from a wide range of materials. The combination of nanotechnology and materials science has been achieved alongside ongoing innovations in these two evolving technologies. In this study, samples of propellers produced from 6061 T6 Aluminium Alloy, were produced with a special extrusion model and were then subjected to fatigue, tensile, and hardness tests. The mechanical standards of the produced propellers were examined to determine whether the desired flight configurations could be achieved.
The Interaction of Global Economy Mobility on the Financial Performance of Flagged Airlines
Authors: Özaydın Orhan
Published: October 2024

This study examines the impact of global economic mobility and domestic production on revenue and EBITDA, which are income statement performance indicators of flagged carrier’s airline companies. The research question is whether the global economic trade mobility and domestic production will lead to an effect in the number of individuals traveling, and thus eventually affect the revenue and profitability performance of airline companies. There are studies in the literature that have selected macroeconomic indicators as affecting travel volume and financials. In this study, trade openness and direct investments represent the global economy's mobility. Short-term interest rates, oil prices and exchange rates are included in the model as a control variable. The results of the panel model indicate that trade openness have a positive effect on firms' revenues. Airline companies should develop their financial forecasts by monitoring the macroeconomic indicators that have shown significant results from empirical analysis.
Complementizer Deletion in Spanish
Revisiting the Empirical Evidence
Authors: Facchin Clarissa
Published: October 2024

Complementizer Deletion (CD) in Spanish is allowed with an emotional selecting verb and an irrealis embedded verb. No XPs can occupy the preverbal embedded position. The traditional accounts divided into two opposite strands: one argues that que-less clauses are IP structures, the other defends the presence of a C-layer and assumes that CD constitutes the alternative checker of the overt complementizer, thus requiring the verb movement to C° to check the relevant features. This article builds on the assumption that the CP is projected when the complementizer is omitted but proposes that no verb movement takes place. Empirical evidence based on the order of the embedded verb, subjects and adverbs will be provided to show that the inflected verb remains in a low position. The data, which are taken from two corpora of Spanish language, will also testify a wider production of CD beyond verbs of emotion. The analysis is framed within the Cartographic Approach.
Postmarketing Surveillance: Review of Open Sources of Drug Safety Data
Authors: Shubnikova E. V.
Published: October 2024

INTRODUCTION. Postmarketing surveillance is the main mechanism to monitor and evaluate the safety of drugs approved for widespread clinical use. This mechanism provides up-to-date information on adverse drug reactions and facilitates the implementation of necessary measures to prevent or minimize the risks associated with pharmacotherapy. Marketing authorization holders should regularly conduct searches for and analyses of drug safety data from all available sources. The lack of practical recommendations for selecting relevant information sources complicates the development of an optimal strategy for collecting drug safety data necessary for timely detection of changes in the safety profile of a drug that may affect the benefit–risk ratio.

AIM. This study aimed to select the most appropriate methods for collecting drug safety information from the open sources used to monitor the safety profiles of approved drugs and assess their benefit–risk ratios.

DISCUSSION. The main sources of new information on the safety of drugs include pharmacovigilance databases, websites of regulatory authorities, publications in medical scientific journals, and real-world clinical practice. According to the analysis results, the most widely used databases are the World Health Organization (WHO) VigiBase database, the European Union (EU) EudraVigilance database, and the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS). This article also discusses the capabilities and interfaces of various applications for working with safety data, as well as the conditions for accessing databases. Additionally, the article provides detailed instructions on how to search for safety information on the websites of the European Medicines Agency (EMA) and FDA, which are considered to be the most reliable sources of information. Further, the article provides an overview of reputable medical journals most likely to publish articles on adverse drug reactions. In addition, the article covers bibliographic databases and search engines, which can simplify the search for scientific publications. Systematic monitoring of these sources can help marketing authorization holders to effectively assess the safety profiles and benefit–risk ratios of approved drugs.

CONCLUSIONS. The use of recommended data sources can optimize the process of safety monitoring, significantly increase the identification rate for potential risks of pharmacotherapy, and facilitate the timely development of measures to prevent these risks. This, in turn, can contribute to improving the safety of patients and the quality of medical care.
Submission of Documents on the Pharmacovigilance System as Part of the Registration Dossier within the Framework of the EAEU Procedures: Analysis of Requirements and Typical Errors
Authors: Velts N. Yu. , Zhuravleva E. O. , Kutekhova G. V. , Tereshkina N. V.
Published: October 2024

INTRODUCTION. Documents on the pharmacovigilance system of the marketing authorisation holder (MAH), including the Pharmacovigilance System Master File (PSMF) and the PSMF-based summary of the pharmacovigilance system (SPS), are a mandatory component of the registration dossier for a medicinal product. Applicants must submit and update these documents in strict accordance with the legislation of the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU). Systematisation of the requirements for drafting and submitting documents on the pharmacovigilance system will help applicants streamline the documentation process.

AIM. This study aimed to analyse the requirements for submitting either the PSMF or the SPS, depending on the EAEU marketing authorisation procedure, and to describe typical errors made by applicants when submitting these documents.

DISCUSSION. The content of dossier documents on the pharmacovigilance system is regulated by the Rules of Good Pharmacovigilance Practice of the Eurasian Economic Union (Decision No. 87 of the Council of the Eurasian Economic Commission (EEC) dated 3 November 2016), and their submission is governed by the Rules of Marketing Authorisation and Assessment of Medicinal Products for Human Use (EEC Council Decision No. 78 dated 3 November 2016). MAHs are required to keep documents on the pharmacovigilance system and the corresponding registration dossiers up to date. This article summarises the specific requirements for submitting either the PSMF or the SPS, depending on the EAEU marketing authorisation procedure. Additionally, this article highlights typical errors made by MAHs when preparing documents on the pharmacovigilance system. According to the EAEU Rules of Good Pharmacovigilance Practice, the first application submitted for marketing authorisation of a medicinal product in the EAEU should include the PSMF, and subsequent applications should include the SPS as part of the registration dossier. Changes to the pharmacovigilance documents should be made in accordance with the classifier (EEC Council Decision No. 78 dated 3 November 2016).

CONCLUSIONS. This analysis of the requirements for the PSMF or the SPS as part of various marketing authorisation procedures will facilitate compliance with the requirements of the EAEU legislative acts and ensure correct submission of necessary documents on the pharmacovigilance system by applicants. In addition, regulatory authorities will make fewer requests to submit missing information and grant more marketing authorisations.
Elemental Impurities in Gelatine Capsules: Human Health Risk Assessment
Authors: Schukin V. M. , Kuz'mina N. E. , Matveeva O. A. , Shvetsova Yu. N. , Zhigilei E. S.
Published: October 2024

INTRODUCTION. This work continues the authors’ earlier study on gelatine capsule contamination with elemental impurities, which resulted in proposing a list of elements for standardisation. To ensure the safe use of medicinal products in this dosage form, it is necessary to develop criteria for the quantitative assessment of potential human health risks associated with elemental impurities in gelatine capsule shells.

AIM. This study aimed to determine the permitted daily concentration (PDC) limits for elemental impurities in gelatine capsules from a risk-based pharmaceutical quality control perspective.

MATERIALS AND METHODS. The authors analysed their previous experimental data, the relevant Russian State Standard (GOST), the requirements of the State Pharmacopoeia of the Russian Federation and leading world pharmacopoeias (USA, UK, EU, China, Japan, and India), and the scientific literature published from 1980 to 2023 on the content of elemental impurities (Al, As, Cd, Cu, Cr, Cr, Fe, Hg, Mn, Pb, and Zn) in gelatine capsule shells and medical gelatine.

RESULTS. When standardising the content of elemental impurities in gelatine capsule shells, it is necessary to consider not only the toxicity of impurities but also their potential to compromise the quality of gelatine. Complexing elements (Cd, Cu, Hg, Cr, and Zn) can affect the quality of gelatine at subtoxic concentrations. For Cd, Cu, and Hg, the authors recommended using the PDC limits specified in GOST 23058-89 Gelatine. Raw materials for the medical industry. Specifications. For Cr and Zn, the authors recommended adhering to the PDC limits specified in the State Pharmacopoeia of the Russian Federation, edition XIV, Monograph 2.1.0099.18 Gelatine. Lead affects the quality of gelatine at concentrations above the toxicity threshold, and arsenic does not cause clustering of gelatine molecules. For Pb and As, the authors recommended using the PDC limits specified in the State Pharmacopoeia of the Russian Federation, edition XV, General Monograph 1.1.0040 Elemental impurities. The authors proposed a conversion factor to account for the complexing potential of Al when limiting its content in gelatine capsule shells. The authors recommended assessing the risks to human health associated with Mn intake with gelatine capsule shells indirectly by listing total heavy metals as a quality attribute to be controlled at the level of medical gelatine. The content of Fe should also be standardised at the raw material level.

CONCLUSIONS. The content of elemental impurities in gelatine capsule shells should not exceed the following limits: 45 µg/g for Al, 1.5 µg/g for As, 0.03 µg/g for Cd, 10 µg/g for Cr, 15 µg/g for Cu, 0.05 µg/g for Hg, 0.5 µg/g for Pb, and 30 µg/g for Zn. The standardisation of these elements in gelatine capsule shells will prevent negative effects on the human body and shell quality.
Resultados de colecistectomía por laparoscopia en pacientes con pancreatitis aguda moderadamente severa: Experiencia de una institución
Authors: Navas-Ortiz Santiago , Pradilla-Valbuena Juliana , Ochoa-Vera Miguel Enrique
Published: October 2024

Introducción. La pancreatitis aguda de origen biliar es una entidad frecuente en urgencias. El tratamiento en general es de soporte y se indica la realización de colecistectomía en los casos leves para prevenir recurrencias biliares. En los casos severos la cirugía usualmente se realiza en diferido. El objetivo del presente estudio fue evaluar los desenlaces de la colecistectomía laparoscópica en los pacientes con pancreatitis aguda moderadamente severa.
Métodos. Se realizó un estudio longitudinal descriptivo, retrospectivo, en el que se incluyeron los pacientes con pancreatitis aguda moderadamente severa de origen biliar que fueron llevados a colecistectomía laparoscópica de urgencia, entre junio de 2020 y junio de 2023.
Resultados. Se identificaron 42 pacientes con diagnóstico de pancreatitis aguda moderadamente severa. El 40,5 % de los pacientes fueron clasificados en esta categoría por una (o más) disfunción orgánica transitoria, el 38,1 % por complicación local pancreática o peri-pancreática y el 21,4 % por una combinación de ambos factores. No hubo mortalidad. Se observaron complicaciones en el 9,5 % de los pacientes. En el 57,1 % de los pacientes se dio de alta en las primeras 24 horas y el 78,6 % antes de las 72 horas postoperatorias.
Conclusiones. Los hallazgos de este estudio sugieren que podría considerarse la realización de colecistectomía laparoscópica en la hospitalización índice en los pacientes con pancreatitis aguda biliar moderadamente severa.
Artificial Intelligence versus Human Intelligence: What Essentially Makes Us Different
Authors: Morandín-Ahuerma Fabio
Published: October 2024

In this chapter, titled "Artificial Intelligence vs. Human Intelligence: What Essentially Makes Us Different," the evolution and historical developments of artificial intelligence (AI) are explored in comparison to human intelligence. From ancient myths and the first automatons to modern advances in neural networks and deep learning, the chapter traces a line of technological and philosophical progress. Key milestones are highlighted, such as the neural network model by McCulloch and Pitts, Alan Turing's Turing Test, and the Dartmouth Conference that formalized the field of AI. The fundamental differences between AI and human intelligence are also analyzed, emphasizing the unique human ability to conceptualize, abstract, and experience subjective consciousness—skills that AI has yet to replicate. Additionally, the ethical and philosophical implications of these developments are addressed, underscoring the need for ongoing reflection to ensure that AI technologies complement and enrich the human experience without replacing it.
Understanding the Publish-Review-Curate (PRC) Model of Scholarly Communication
Authors: Corker Katherine S. , Waltman Ludo , Coates Jonathon A
Published: October 2024

The purpose of this brief is to provide an introduction to an increasingly popular way of communicating outputs of research: the Publish-Review-Curate (PRC) model. This model came into practice in the early 2000s, and it is now beginning to grow more rapidly. Here, we explain the model for the benefit of researchers, research funders, research institutions, and others in the scholarly communication ecosystem, and we provide data on uptake of the model to date.
Psychometric Analysis of the Three Item Loneliness Scale in the Czech Republic
Authors: Meier Zdenek , Novák Lukas , Helvich Jakub , Licka Patrik , Tavel Petr
Published: October 2024

BackgroundThere is a growing importance of loneliness measurement through valid and reliable instruments. However, to establish valid and reliable measures, there is a need to explore their psychometric properties in different research settings and language environments. For this reason, this study aimed to validate the Three Item Loneliness Scale (TILS) in the Czech Republic within a Slavonic language environment.MethodsA sample of Czech adults (n = 3236) was used consisting primarily of university students. We utilized Classical Test Theory to assess TILS internal consistency, temporal stability, factor structure, and measurement invariance. Item Response Theory (IRT) was used to estimate the discrimination and difficulty of the TILS items and to estimate the measurement precision of the whole scale. Convergent validity was explored through the Spearman correlation coefficient using personality traits, depression, and anxiety.ResultsThe results showed satisfactory reliability and validity of the TILS in the Czech Republic. The scale's internal consistency and temporal stability were found to be satisfactory (Cronbach’s α = 0.81, McDonald’s ω = 0.82, r = 0.71). The parallel analysis supported the unidimensionality of the TILS with a high factor loading of items (λ = 0.61 - λ = 0.85). Moreover, measurement invariance indicated that the TILS measures loneliness equivalently between genders. The IRT results indicated that the highest measurement precision was reached in individuals with lower and above-average levels of loneliness. Significant correlations between the TILS scores, anxiety, depression, and personality traits supported the convergent validity of the scale.
The changing geography of homelessness in Australia (2001–21) and its structural drivers
Authors: Batterham Deb , reynolds margaret , Cigdem Melek , Parkinson Sharon
Published: October 2024

Homelessness has grown in the suburbs of Australian capital cities, with more than 60 per cent of those experiencing homelessness at the 2021 Census found in Australia’s capital cities (up from around 48% in 2001). Homelessness has increased especially in areas with greater shortages of affordable private rental housing (relative to demand from low income households). The research, ‘The changing geography of homelessness in Australia (2001–21) and its structural drivers’, undertaken for AHURI by researchers from Swinburne University of Technology, Launch Housing and RMIT University, investigates the changing geography of homelessness in Australia from 2001 to 2021 and the role of structural factors, such as poverty and supplies of affordable rental housing, in shaping this geography. Homelessness was also higher in areas with smaller supplies of social housing relative to demand. The research suggests that an increase in social housing will further significantly reduce homelessness.In areas with a greater shortage of affordable rental dwellings, a higher percentage of Specialist Homelessness Service clients are returning for support after having been assisted. As the majority of people experiencing homelessness tend to remain in the same area, localised responses to homelessness are really important. Homelessness services and affordable housing options need to be expanded in areas where they are needed, and not just where existing services are located.In order to provide housing to clients who accessed a Specialist Homelessness Service in 2021–22, the research estimated that around 158,000 one- to two-bedroom dwellings and 25,000 three-or-more-bedroom dwellings are needed nationally. These dwellings must be affordable and available to households with the lowest incomes.
The Role of Heat Treatment on Creep Rupture Ductility and its Underlying Metallurgical Mechanism of Forged Ni-based Superalloy
Authors: Arisue Ko , Akama Daichi , Takeda Yasunari , Yamamoto Ryuichi
Published: October 2024

For the safe operation of high temperature equipment, it is necessary to ensure creep rupture ductility of the components from the viewpoint of notch weakening. In this study, the effect of heat treatment conditions on creep rupture ductility was evaluated and its underlying metallurgical mechanism was investigated with using a forged Ni-based superalloy Udimet520. In order to improve the creep rupture ductility without lowering the creep rupture strength, it is important to increase both intragranular strength and intergranular strength in a balanced manner. For this purpose, it was clarified that 1) secondary γ' phase within grains should be kept fine and dense, 2) grain boundaries should be sufficiently covered by M23C6 carbide by increasing its phase fraction, and 3) tertiary γ' phase within grains should be redissolved before the start of creep. To obtain such a precipitate state, it is essential to appropriately select the cooling rate after solution treatment, stabilizing treatment and aging treatment conditions.