bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Optimal Control of Waste Recovery Process
Authors: Cherkaoui-Dekkaki Othman , Djema Walid , Raissi Nadia , Gouzé Jean Luc , Khattabi Noha El
Published: May 2024

As society transitions away from fossil fuels towards renewable energy
sources, finding alternatives that are reliable becomes imperative.
Waste-to-energy bioprocesses are promising options due to their ability
to operate independently of weather conditions or time of day, making
them sustainable and potentially lucrative solutions. This paper
proposes an updated bioeconomic model, based on previous research [12,
13], to analyze investment in waste-to-energy technology and its
associated valorization of waste treatment. This conceptual model
represents a generic framework for studying waste-to-energy processes.
By taking technological constraints into account, the updated model aims
to optimize energy production processes and establish a sustainable
business model. Indeed, using dynamic modeling, investment and
valorization strategies will be evaluated through a maximization
criterion over a finite time horizon, which is stated as an optimal
control problem. The effective control strategies are then determined
using the Pontryagin’s Maximum Principle. Furthermore, direct
optimization methods are applied to derive and validate the
effectiveness of the obtained optimal strategy. This approach allows for
a thorough evaluation of the economic and environmental impacts in
waste-to-energy technologies, identifying optimal investment and
valorization strategies to promote sustainable waste management
practices. In addition, a sensitivity analysis is conducted to evaluate
the robustness of the studied model, and provide insights into
biotechnological limitations. Finally, an extensive numerical
exploration of the turnpike-like features that characterize the optimal
long-term behavior of the investment problem is widely discussed.
What is the neutral wind in height-integrated ionospheric electrodynamics?
Authors: Hatch Spencer Mark , Burchill Johnathan K. , Vanhamäki Heikki , Mesquita Rafael Luiz Araujo de , Laundal Karl , Knudsen David J.
Published: May 2024

In most large-scale MHD models of Earth’s space environment, coupling
between the magnetosphere and the ionosphere-thermosphere (IT) is
addressed by representing the latter as a two-dimensional spherical
shell. Similarly, most empirical models of IT electrodynamics are based
on solving the height-integrated ionospheric Ohm’s law on a spherical
shell. We show that there is in general no single suitable definition of
the neutral wind term in high-latitude, height-integrated IT
electrodynamics. Instead, two neutral wind terms weighted by Hall and
Pedersen conductivities appear. We show that a commonly used expression
for Joule heating in terms of height-integrated quantities is a lower
bound of the actual Joule heating. Using neutral wind profiles derived
from sounding rocket chemical release experiments near Poker Flat,
Alaska, and Poker Flat Incoherent Scatter Radar (PFISR) measurements, we
find differences of order 10–100 m/s between the two neutral wind
terms.
Density Troughs in the Ionosphere Sustained by Transport Barriers
Authors: Malkov Mikhail , Sotnikov Vladimir , Mishin Evgeny V.
Published: May 2024

This study explores the relaxation and sustainability of densityirregularities and plasma flows in the Earth’s ionosphere. To do this,
weuse a modified model of drift-wave turbulence known as the
Hasegawa-Wakatanimodel. Similar to turbulent processes in laboratory plasmas, we explore
apowerful mechanism that can reduce the turbulent plasma transport.
Thismechanism is associated with the creation of ‘zonal flows,’ cutting
acrossthe gradients of particle density and magnetic fields. They work
effectivelyto minimize particles’ random movement and reduce the turbulence
causingthis movement. The zonal flows create transport barriers in areas where
thedensity gradient is steepest and where drift waves grow most vigorously.
Thetransport barriers significantly delay the refill of low-density
regionswith surrounding plasma. They also lead to changes in the electric
potentialof the plasma and influence the movement of ions in the direction of
themagnetic field. Our research investigates how these zonal flows aregenerated and how effectively they sustain density irregularities. We
alsoexamine the spectral characteristics of turbulence in and around thesebarriers.
Elevated Cathepsin S Serum Levels in New-Onset Type 1 Diabetes and Autoantibody-Positive Siblings
Authors: Frørup Caroline , Jensen Mathias Høj , Haupt-Jorgensen Martin , Buschard Karsten , Størling Joachim , Pociot Flemming , Fløyel Tina
Published: May 2024

Accumulating data suggest a role for the lysosomal protease cathepsin S (CTSS) in type 1 diabetes. Circulating CTSS is increased in type 1 diabetes; however, whether CTSS has protective or deleterious effects is unclear. The study’s objectives were to examine the biomarker potential of CTSS in new-onset type 1 diabetes, and to investigate the expression and secretion of CTSS in human islets and β-cells. The CTSS level was analyzed in serum from children with new-onset type 1 diabetes and autoantibody-positive and -negative siblings by ELISA. The expression and secretion of CTSS were evaluated in isolated human islets and EndoC-βH5 cells by real-time qPCR, immunoblotting, and ELISA. The CTSS serum level was elevated in children with new-onset type 1 diabetes and positively associated with autoantibody status in healthy siblings. Human islets and EndoC-βH5 cells demonstrated induction and secretion of CTSS after exposure to proinflammatory cytokines, a model system of islet inflammation. Analysis of publicly available single-cell RNA sequencing data on human islets showed that elevated CTSS expression was exclusive for the β-cells in donors with type 1 diabetes as compared with nondiabetic donors. These findings suggest a potential of CTSS as a diagnostic biomarker in type 1 diabetes.

Article Highlights
Excess Intramyocellular Lipid Does Not Affect Muscle Fiber Biophysical Properties in Mice or People With Metabolically Abnormal Obesity
Authors: Shen Karen C. , Collins Kelsey H. , Ferey Jeremie L.A. , Fappi Alan , McCormick Jeremy J. , Mittendorfer Bettina , Guilak Farshid , Meyer Gretchen A.
Published: May 2024

Observational studies have shown correlations between intramyocellular lipid (IMCL) content and muscle strength and contractile function in people with metabolically abnormal obesity. However, a clear physiologic mechanism for this association is lacking, and causation is debated. We combined immunofluorescent confocal imaging with force measurements on permeabilized muscle fibers from metabolically normal and metabolically abnormal mice and people with metabolically normal (defined as normal fasting plasma glucose and glucose tolerance) and metabolically abnormal (defined as prediabetes and type 2 diabetes) overweight/obesity to evaluate relationships among myocellular lipid droplet characteristics (droplet size and density) and biophysical (active contractile and passive viscoelastic) properties. The fiber type specificity of lipid droplet parameters varied by metabolic status and by species. It was different between mice and people across the board and different between people of different metabolic status. However, despite considerable quantities of IMCL in the metabolically abnormal groups, there were no significant differences in peak active tension or passive viscoelasticity between the metabolically abnormal and control groups in mice or people. Additionally, there were no significant relationships among IMCL parameters and biophysical variables. Thus, we conclude that IMCL accumulation per se does not impact muscle fiber biophysical properties or physically impede contraction.

Article Highlights
Continuous Glucose Monitoring Profiles in Pregnancies With and Without Gestational Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Durnwald Celeste , Beck Roy W. , Li Zoey , Norton Elizabeth , Bergenstal Richard M. , Johnson Mary , Dunnigan Sean , Banfield Matthew , Krumwiede Katie , Sibayan Judy , Calhoun Peter , Carlson Anders L.
Published: May 2024

OBJECTIVE

To determine whether continuous glucose monitoring (CGM)-derived glycemic patterns can characterize pregnancies with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) as diagnosed by standard oral glucose tolerance test at 24–28 weeks’ gestation compared with those without GDM.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

The analysis includes 768 individuals enrolled from two sites prior to 17 weeks’ gestation between June 2020 and December 2021 in a prospective observational study. Participants wore blinded Dexcom G6 CGMs throughout gestation. Main outcome of interest was a diagnosis of GDM by oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). Glycemic levels in participants with GDM versus without GDM were characterized using CGM-measured glycemic metrics.

RESULTS

Participants with GDM (n = 58 [8%]) had higher mean glucose (109 ± 13 vs. 100 ± 8 mg/dL [6.0 ± 0.7 vs. 5.6 ± 0.4 mmol/L], P < 0.001), greater glucose SD (23 ± 4 vs. 19 ± 3 mg/dL [1.3 ± 0.2 vs. 1.1 ± 0.2 mmol/L], P < 0.001), less time in range 63–120 mg/dL (3.5–6.7 mmol/L) (70% ± 17% vs. 84% ± 8%, P < 0.001), greater percent time >120 mg/dL (>6.7 mmol/L) (median 23% vs. 12%, P < 0.001), and greater percent time >140 mg/dL (>7.8 mmol/L) (median 7.4% vs. 2.7%, P < 0.001) than those without GDM throughout gestation prior to OGTT. Median percent time >120 mg/dL (>6.7 mmol/L) and time >140 mg/dL (>7.8 mmol/L) were higher as early as 13–14 weeks of gestation (32% vs. 14%, P < 0.001, and 5.2% vs. 2.0%, P < 0.001, respectively) and persisted during the entire study period prior to OGTT.

CONCLUSIONS

Prior to OGTT at 24–34 weeks’ gestation, pregnant individuals who develop GDM have higher CGM-measured glucose levels and more hyperglycemia compared with those who do not develop GDM.
‘Dating’, Deception, Drugs and Death: An exploration into the rise of serious crimes committed against men in England, as a result of using LGBTQI+mobile dating apps
Authors:   , Pankhurst Andrew
Published: May 2024

Online crimes against men who use LGBTQI+ dating apps are steadily on the rise in England, spilling from the online realms of cyberspace into the physical, afflicting more men than ever before. The first part of the thesis will explore exactly what crimes are on the rise, and where, linking the more common crimes committed against men who use Queer dating apps, to areas of England facing heightened levels of these newfound disorders. The thesis will then explore official hate crime statistics from sources such as UK LGBTQI+ charity ‘Galop’, The Home Office, and The Office for National Statistics (ONS), whilst gaining a unique set of crime statistics, from this study’s own organic freedom of information (FOI) research enquiry across multiple UK Police forces. The thesis will then argue exactly what makes a criminal, and what makes a victim – exploring various scholarly arguments, from scholars such as Castro et. al, Timmermans and De Caluwé, and others. Then, through the use of a carefully constructed research questionnaire aimed at men who use LGBTQI+ dating apps in England, construct a model from the data gathered, embodying the more common characteristics and behavioural traits of potential ‘victims’ of LGBTQI+ dating app crime - and the potential ‘criminals’ who commit them. The study of English ‘Grindr Killer’ Stephen Port’s crimes, and the homophobia that ensued withing Barking and Dagenham’s Police division during his investigation, drew light on the true scale of homophobia within the UK Police as a whole, prompting the latter section of the critical discussion within this thesis. This section will explore, not only the documented cases of prejudice within the UK Police from various reports and other news sources, but will also use the independent survey carried out in the latter section to explore participants’ experiences, issues and overall satisfaction with how the Police handled their complaints/the reporting of any crime they may have experienced. The second part of the thesis will explore the influence and effect of the research on the creative accompaniment, demonstrating how key findings and data sourced throughout the critical analysis section shaped, and formed, elements of the creative piece - from underlying themes to storylines and characterisations. This section will also include any additional research and findings gathered, to not only factor into the creative discussion, but also to strengthen the arguments raised throughout. The last section of this thesis will include the show bible document for the creative accompaniment “No Strings Attached” – exploring in-depth aspects of themes, plot structure, storylines, and characterisation. The thesis will then conclude with all three ‘No Strings Attached’ screenplays - Episodes One, Two and Three.
Developing an in vitro repeat-dose approach to detect non-genotoxic carcinogens (NGCs)
Authors:   , Pritchard Demi J.
Published: May 2024

This work aimed to develop an in vitro testing battery, to detect non-genotoxic carcinogens (NGCs). Currently, in vitro test systems aim at detecting genotoxic carcinogens (GCs) whereas, the gold standard test for NGCs is the two-year rodent bioassay. There are numerous problems with this method such as long experimental periods, high costs and many ethical concerns. NGCs make up ̴15% of all carcinogens, highlighting the importance of their correct detection and labelling. The in vitro test battery includes a selection of endpoints comprised primarily from the hallmarks of cancer. The endpoints explored were acute and chronic genotoxicity assessment via the mononucleated micronucleus (Mn) assay; cytotoxicity assessment utilising RPD; cell cycle and apoptosis assessment using flow cytometry; gene expression analysis using a PCR array and determining mitochondrial health using the Seahorse analyser. Six carcinogens were assessed using the multi-endpoint, in vitro testing system. These chemicals included nickel chloride (NiCl2), sodium meta arsenite (NaMAr), cacodylic acid (GC- included to compare with NaMAr), rosuvastatin, chloroprene and 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzodioxin (TCDD). This work showed that some NGCs can behave as GCs so there may be some mislabelling of carcinogens. NaMAr indicated genotoxicity due to a chronic dosing approachand NiCl2 also showed genotoxicity but in an acute setting. The correct categorisation of these carcinogens is of increasing importance due to the use in consumer product for example. The in vitro battery appears to be a promising first step in detecting and understanding the mechanism(s) of action (MoA) used by different NGCs. This work highlighted some potentially mislabelled NGCs, such as NiCl2 and NaMAr, which is an important novel finding. The PCR array proved to be very useful to identify genes of interest, that could help unpick the MoA of each diverse NGC. Next steps could include utilising a targeted three-dimensional (3D) spheroid approach based on the exposure route (E.g. Rosuvastatin is ingested so a gut model). Chronic dosing is an important real-life component of the test battery and is required to improve the whole picture. These additional approaches, together with an in vitro test battery, could improve detection and provide a complete narrative of the MoAs utilized by these complex carcinogens.
Empirical analysis of the relationship between corporate ESG performance and corporate financial performance in the European market
Authors:   , Zhang Yi
Published: May 2024

This study empirically examines the ESG scores and expected returns nexus in three related chapters summarized below. Chapter 2 explores the relation between environmental (E), social (S) and governance (G) scores and expected long-term equity returns (CAPE) in the UK market. The results show that environmental (E) and governance (G) scores have a negative correlation with the CAPE. We also observe an inverted U-shaped relationship between E score, its sub-dimension of carbon emission score (EmisS), and expected long-term equity returns. This indicates that there exists a minimum E score that a firm must attain for its long-term expected returns to start declining. Chapter 3 investigates the link between carbon intensity and CAPE among UK listed firms. The findings indicate that before the implementation of mandatory reporting of Greenhouse Gas Emissions (GHGe) regulation in 2013, carbon intensity and expected long-term equity returns (CAPE) were negatively (positively) associated for both high and low emissions industries. Following the implementation of the said regulation, this relationship changed from positive to negative for high emissions industries but not for low emissions industries. The divergence indicates that the 2013 regulation changed investor expectations by emphasizing the increased environmental risks in high emissions industries. Chapter 4 studies the relation between ESG scores and expected annual returns for firms in 7 European countries. The results indicate that only industry-unadjusted environmental scores (uE) have a statistically significant negative effect on expected annual returns. Further analysis shows the EmisS dimensions of the environmental score drives our results. Moreover, this association between expected returns and EmisS scores becomes more pronounced after adoption of the Paris Climate Accord. Finally, implementing emissions reduction policies by businesses significantly affects expected returns, as revealed by analysing EmisS score components.
Analysing Contemporary Land Tenure and the Impact of Land Reforms on Rural Peoples ‘Livelihoods in Customary Land: A Case of Zambia
Authors:   , Mwamba Chanda
Published: May 2024

This thesis delves into the state of contemporary customary land tenure security in Zambia, where the security of land tenure among rural smallholders or households plays a pivotal role in enhancing agricultural productivity. Notably, the land is steadily transitioning out of the customary system in Zambia, driven by both domestic and foreign actors acquiring large-scale holdings for export-oriented agriculture. The 1995 Land Act, which promoted land privatisation and formalisation, has expedited the commodification of customary land. This has given rise to informal and covert land markets characterised by corrupt transactions, effectively placing land out of reach for the impoverished and vulnerable rural population. This situation persists, even though land laws in Zambia explicitly prohibit the sale of customary land. Additionally, shifting political and socio-economic conditions are facilitating a move from communal to private property, predominantly leasehold regimes. The consequences of recent legal reforms on the structure of agrarian society remain to be fully comprehended. This thesis undertakes a comprehensive review of the transformation of customary tenure systems, shedding light on their repercussions for rural Zambians. It underscores the concept of the 'tragedy of the commons,' offering an alternative perspective alongside private ownership and government control. This thesis essentially aims to furnish evidence from a case study, scrutinising the prevailing legal framework and institutions governing customary land tenure and tenure security in Zambia, with a specific focus on the Chembe and Monze regions. This case study elucidates how land conflicts compromise land tenure security and impact the livelihoods of rural communities dependent on land-related activities. The research findings unequivocally reveal that land conflicts and tenure insecurity in Zambia stem from inherent deficiencies within land governance systems. These include a flawed legal and institutional framework and sub-optimal land allocation procedures. The repercussions of these issues extend to include loss of life and property damage. Consequently, this study posits a novel framework designed to enhance and safeguard land rights, improve land governance, and lay the groundwork for the implementation of such a framework in Zambia and other African nations. Profound insights into the land governance system and practices are imperative for devising equitable and effective solutions.
Vasculab, the Ideas Editor. Hints for research during the VL-DUAL Vasculab Debate
Authors: Passariello Fausto
Published: May 2024

VL-DUAL was an online Vasculab Debate, Oct 16-31, 2023 (unmoderated session: Nov 1-10, 2023). The Discussants were Prof. Neil Piller and Prof. Byung Boong Lee. The Moderator Dr. Fausto Passariello. Vasculab was set 34 years ago (1990) as a distribution list to easy discussion between vascular professionals and to improve comprehension of scientific vascular topics. The paper aims to show how a discussion between peers allows the proposal of new ideas for research work, to be deepened later by research teams. The here described VL-DUAL Debate is just an example, but many other ones can be chosen from Vasculab history.
Influence of Hydroxyapatite Particle Size on the Flowability of PLA/HA Filament
Authors: Mohd Salleh Farrahshaida
Published: May 2024

Advanced bioactive ceramic materials, Hydroxyapatite (HA) and Polylactic Acid (PLA) are common in bone regeneration implants. As demand for customised implant products increases, research increasingly focuses on developing composite filament manufacturing technology. However, creating PLA/HA composite filament faces challenges, including clumping HA particles and uneven flowability. The brittleness of the filament properties makes it unsuitable for Fused Deposition Modelling (FDM) printing, causing inconsistent extrusion and reduced filament strength. The purpose of this study is to compare the effectiveness of microHAs (m-HAs) and nanoHAs (n-HAs) in the production of filament composite fibers, based on the flowability assessment. The particle size of the micro-HA was reduced to nano by a ball mill process using 4 mL ethanol and the ball-powder ratio of 5:1, which was verified by the particle size analyzer. The feedstock comprises 79.5 wt.% PLA, 19.5 wt.% HA and 1 wt.% impact modifier (IMK) was mixed and rheological tested (130 ℃ to 150 ℃, shear rate: 20-1000 s-1) to achieve pseudoplastic behaviour (n<1). The rheological tests showed that both feedstocks exhibited pseudoplastic behaviour (n<1) across all temperatures studied. The properties of the feedstock were observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and tensile tests evaluated the filament strength. The investigation found that nano-sized HA filament has 24% higher strength than micro-sized PLA/HA filament.
Politik Identitas Gender dalam Pemilihan Kepala Daerah Tahun 2020 di Kota Makassar
Authors: Yakub Andi Amirah Humairah , Tamma Sukri , Yunus Ariana
Published: May 2024

Identity politics in democracy continues to be a topic of discussion, particularly regarding issues related to gender, religion, language, race, and ethnicity. These factors are often studied in the context of political identity during election periods, such as during the 2020 election in the city of Makassar. , Fatmawati Rusdi is the only female contestant in the Makassar City Election and makes history for women in the government seat for the next five years. The purpose is to describe how gender identity politics became a strategy for winning the 2020 regional elections in Makassar City. The research method used is a qualitative descriptive research method with a literature study and observation approach. The research results explain the gender identity politics in the Makassar City election, where Fatmawati Rusdi became the first female deputy mayor in Makassar City, the only woman to compete in the Makassar City election, Fatmawati Rusdi applied direct communication (door-to-door) with the community instead of image building in the media. Conclusion from this research, the involvement of women in local elections happened almost throughout Indonesia, especially in the city of Makassar, starting with the 2020 local elections where a woman was elected as the Deputy Mayor of Makassar. To win, Fatmawati Rusdi used the right strategy to gain the support of the mothers of the taklim councils in the alleys, one of the female sports communities often cycling, which greatly helped in the approach of campaigning and delivering the programs to be done when in office
Analisis Hukum Islam terhadap Penetapan Hukum Hakim tentang Perkawinan Beda Agama di Indonesia dalam putusan Nomor: 12/Pdt.P/2022/PN. Ptk
Authors: Aksa Fauzah Nur , Hamdani Hamdani , Nur Muhammad Tahmid , Fadhia Amira
Published: May 2024

This research focuses on analyzing the legal of islam basis of the judge's considerations in Court Determination Number: 12/Pdt.P/2022/Pn. Ptk, and the legality of interfaith marriages are reviewed from Law Number 1 of 1974 concerning marriage, as well as the law regarding court decisions regarding interfaith marriages. The type of research used is qualitative research. This research uses primary and secondary data. The data collection method in this research uses library research. Based on research conducted, it is known that the judge referred to Article 35 of Law number  23 of 2006 concerning Population Administration which states that marriage registration applies to marriages determined by the court, so that the judge interprets the meaning of the marriage determined by the court to be an interfaith marriage. Law Number 1 of 1974 concerning Marriage states that marriage is valid based on the rules of religious law, but if an interfaith marriage is carried out outside the jurisdiction of Indonesia and its registration is considered valid. The legal implications that arise as a result of this court decision are the status and position of children. It is recommended that judges in taking considerations not only refer to one interpretation, but also look at other legal considerations such as the Constitutional Court decision Number 68/PUU-XII/2014 in the petition for Review of Law Number 1 of 1974 concerning Marriage which clearly rejects be firm regarding interfaith marriages, and use considerations based on other laws. To the DPR and the Government to immediately revise the Marriage Law by strengthening the prohibition on interfaith marriages in order to eliminate the legal vacuum. To society, interfaith marriages should not be carried out.
Peningkatan Kualitas Pemeliharaan Motor Pompa Menggunakan Pendekatan DMAIC Pada PT. X
Authors: Januarsyah Dimas Migi , Kirono Indro
Published: May 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan pemahaman yang lebih mendalam mengenai praktik pemeliharaan motor di PT. X. Pembahasan ini menggunakan pendekatan DMAIC (Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve, Control) yang bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kualitas pemeliharaan motor pompa. Melalui jenis penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi kasus mengenai fenomena tersebut adalah untuk mendapatkan pemahaman yang mendalam tentang masalah dan tantangan yang terkait dengan pemeliharaan motor pompa. Hasil menunjukan ada tiga jenis kerusakan pada motor pompa yaitu suhu tinggi, getaran tinggi, dan bearing macet. Kerusakan suhu tinggi merupakan kerusakan paling banyak, sementara kerusakan bearing macet sebagai penyebab kerusakan terbanyak kedua dan kerusakan getaran tinggi sebagai penyebab kerusakan ketiga. Mengenai peta kendali, ada tiga data yang di luar batas kendali pada bulan Januari, Juni, dan Agustus. Melalui uraian-uraian fenomena yang sudah dipaparkan dan diuraikan pada bab sebelumnya tentang meningkatkan kualitas pemeliharaan yang maksimal untuk mengurangi kerusakan motor pompa dan mengendalikan biaya perbaikan yang tak terduga. Melalui siklus DMAIC dapat memberikan pengetahuan penyebab terjadinya kerusakan pada motor, memberikan usulan maupun solusi dalam persoalan penyebab masalah dan memberikan usulan baru untuk melakukan pengendalian dari proses perbaikan. Penelitian ini memiliki batasan penelitian yang berfokus pada proses pemeliharaan motor pompa.
STUDIES IN THE FLORA OF ARABIA: XXXV. NEW RECORDS FROM THE SULTANATE OF OMAN
Authors: Hatmi S. Al , Al Hinai Abdulrahman , Al Qassabi Zawan , Alzahrani Ali Mohammed , Knees Sabina
Published: May 2024

Two species are newly reported for the Arabian Peninsula and eight new records for the Sultanate of Oman. Brief comments are provided on the phytogeography and ecology of these species. Most new records have been made from the botanically very poorly known or unexplored mountainous areas of northern Oman, including Musandam and poorly collected areas in Dhofar. These additional records raise the total number of known taxa in the national flora of Oman to 1417.
Geografías en Conflicto: Superposición de actividades extractivas en los humedales peruanos
Authors:   Universidad Científica del Sur, Facultad de Ciencias Ambientales, Lima, Perú, Soto-Ceferino Rosa , Aponte Héctor ,   Universidad Científica del Sur, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias y Biológicas, Lima, Perú, López-Guiop Ivan ,   Ministerio de Cultura, Lima, Perú, Delgado-Galván Camila ,   Ministerio de Cultura, Lima, Perú, Apeño Antony ,   CooperAcción, Lima, Perú
Published: May 2024

El Perú cuenta con una gran diversidad de humedales, los cuales son de vital importancia para la adaptación frente al cambio climático. Estos ecosistemas se encuentran expuestos a cambios en el uso del suelo y otros impactos causados por las actividades extractivas y la expansión urbana. Este estudio tiene como objetivo evaluar las presiones existentes en los sitios Ramsar y humedales peruanos, causadas por las actividades extractivas, la expansión urbana y la presencia de comunidades. Para lograr este propósito, se emplearon sistemas de información geográfica que permiten determinar la superposición entre las concesiones mineras, forestales, lotes petroleros, expansión urbana y la distribución de los humedales. Los resultados indican que los humedales Ramsar presentan una alta superposición con los lotes petroleros, las concesiones mineras, y la expansión urbana. Se ha evidenciado una mayor superposición de concesiones mineras (403 885.31 ha) con los bofedales, mientras que la superposición de los lotes petroleros fue de 897 439.33 ha, siendo mayor en los pantanos arbustivos. En el Abanico del río Pastaza, es común encontrar superposiciones frecuentes de actividades extractivas, en áreas ocupadas por comunidades nativas. Además, 81,873.87 ha de bofedales y lagunas en territorios comunales campesinos se superponen con concesiones mineras. Se concluye que existen conflictos en los derechos de uso de los humedales, siendo prioritaria la protección de aquellos ubicados en áreas con mayor superposición. A pesar de la legislación actual, aún se requieren avances significativos; por lo tanto, se proponen prácticas de colaboración para una gestión sostenible de los humedales peruanos.
ИСТОРИЯ ИЗУЧЕНИЯ ПАМЯТНИКОВ АРХЕОЛОГИИ ЗОЛОТООРДЫНСКОГО ПЕРИОДА В ПЕНЗЕНСКОЙ ОБЛАСТИ
Authors: Иналдиев Евгений Михайлович
Published: May 2024

История возвышения, расцвета, гибели и наследия Золотой Орды уже не одно десятилетие находится в центре внимания отечественных и зарубежных исследователей. В XIV в. власть ханов Золотой Орды охватывала территорию значительной части современной России (кроме Восточной Сибири, Дальнего Востока и районов Крайнего Севера), северный и западный Казахстан, Украину, Молдавию, часть Узбекистана и Туркмении. Земли современной Пензенской области входили в состав Мохши, северо-западного улуса Орды, граничащего с Рязанским княжеством. Через регион двигались торговые караваны на Русь и обратно из Булгара, нижневолжских городов и Хорезма. Изучение памятников археологии золотоордынского периода на территории Пензенской области началось еще в конце XIX и продолжилось в начале XX в. В.М. Терёхин, А.А. Спицын, И.Ф. Садин и А.А. Кротков первыми выявили научный потенциал Наровчатского городища и расположенных поблизости могильников для будущих поколений археологов и историков. Позднее были найдены новые селища золотоордынского периода, маршруты торговых путей, изучены артефакты – украшения, керамика, нумизматическийматериал. Результаты исследований за последние тридцать лет Г.Н. Белорыбкин, В.А. Винничек и К.М. Винничек, О.В. Голубев, Ю.А. Зеленеев, Э.Д. Зиливинская и О.В. Мельниченко изложили в научных статьях. Изучение уже известных и поиск новых золотоордынских памятников археологии продолжается.
ЛОКАЛИЗАЦИЯ НЕКРОПОЛЕЙ В ПРИБРЕЖНОЙ ЧАСТИ ВОДЯНСКОГО ГОРОДИЩА
Authors: Лапшина Ирина Юрьевна , Ильина Ольга Алексеевна
Published: May 2024

Данная работа посвящена вопросу о двух разнокультурных и разновременных некрополях в прибрежной части Водянского городища. Исследования, проведенные в 2011 г., позволили выделить несколько мусульманских погребений на территории, которая ранее считалась христианским кладбищем. В представленных таблицах впервые сведены данные обо всех погребениях, происходящих с этой территории и раскопанных в период с 1968 по 2014 гг. Это позволяет подтвердить уже высказанное ранее мнение о наличии двух некрополей в прибрежной части Водянского городища. Северный является христианским кладбищем, где погребения были совершены до 30-х гг. XIV в. Южное кладбище второй половины XIV в. являлось городским, где зафиксированы погребенные с монголоидными и уралоидными чертами, бешиковой деформацией, в одном погребении есть инвентарь, часть погребений совершена по мусульманскому погребальному обряду. Возможно, это место было заброшено в период кризиса 60-70-х гг. XIV в., а во время восстановления города при Токтамыше данный участок мог использоваться для захоронений.
РАННЕОРДЫНСКИЙ КОМПЛЕКС НАХОДОК НА ПОЙМЕННЫХ СЕЛИЩАХ НИЗОВИЙ КАМЫ
Authors: Руденко Константин Александрович
Published: May 2024

В статье представлен анализ археологических материалов со средневековых поселений в пойме нижнего течения Камы в зоне Куйбышевского водохранилища от устья р. Актай у пос. Коминтерн и до с. Алексеевское (Республика Татарстан). Основное внимание было обращено на находки с селища «Песчаный остров». Оно было исследовано под руководством К.А. Руденко почти полностью в 1992 – 1994 годах. По данным стратиграфии и артефактов из раскопов, например, фрагментов чугунных котлов, селище было датировано ранним периодом Золотой Орды – концом XIII – первой половиной XIV века. Автор подробно рассмотрел керамику этого поселения, выявив ряд закономерностей в характере бытования посуды разного назначения. Было установлено, что на селище «Песчаный остров» в начале функционирования этого поселения – в конце XIII в., использовалась глиняная посуда в виде небольших котлов или горшков, изготовленных без использования гончарного круга, то есть способом лепки. В глину, из которой были изготовлены эти сосуды были добавлены раздробленные раковины речных моллюсков. Эта посуда связана с керамикой родановской культуры Пермского Прикамья. В начале XIV века жители этого поселения стали пользоваться посудой, изготовленной на гончарном круге. Чаще всего это были большие кувшины, большие чаши, хумы – большие сосуды для хранения зерна или масла. Все они были привезены из городов, скорее всего из города Булгара. В это же время на поселении встречаются сосуды в виде горшков или котлов с необычными ручками в плоской верхней плоскостью. Чаще всего такие сосуды изготавливались с частичным использованием гончарного круга. В глине для их изготовления зафиксировано большое количество песка. Эту керамику специалисты считают изготовленной по образцам сосудов из Пермского Прикамья и включают в XVIII группу булгарской керамики эпохи Золотой Орды. Эти основные группы керамики селища «Песчаный остров» можно считать характерными для поселений, возникших в пойме нижнего течения Камы в начале эпохи Золотой Орды. Это не противоречит и находкам с других поселений этого времени в данном регионе.
Traditional Dramaturgy of the Si Muntu Performance as a Means of Character Education
Authors: Saaduddin Saaduddin , Novalinda Sherli , Alamo Enrico , Laksono Marten Agung , Pramayoza Dede
Published: May 2024

Objective: This research aims to conduct a deeper analysis of the potential embedded in the Si Muntu Tradition within the context of character education.   Theoretical Framework: This study explores character education. It examines how character education and dramaturgy can provide a moral and ethical foundation for character education practices.   Method: Through an ethnographic approach, the study focuses on traditional dramaturgy manifested in the Si Muntu parade tradition spread across West Sumatra Province regions. This analysis explores multiple forms of local wisdom, and the embedded values within the practice are identified.   Result and Conclusion: The findings of this research reveal that the traditional dramaturgy, a part of the Si Muntu cultural tradition, holds the potential to be integrated into character education. It can serve as an effective tool to develop positive values within individuals.   Implications: It is an effort to offer solutions to moral and ethical issues that can be implemented in schools. The presence of local importance, such as cooperation, reverence for ancestors, creativity, and empathy, is reflected in this dramaturgy   Novelty: This study contributes to the existing literature on character education by applying the relationship between traditional practices and the presence of dramaturgy in the Si Muntu tradition within the context of education in Indonesia.
Impact of foreign maid on the development and growth of children in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alruwailiy Raghad , Alharbi Roaa , Alenezi Khaloud , Murad Wesal , Murad Weaam , Alqadhibi Osama , Almutairi Ziad , Alanazi Saleh , Alanazi Abeer , Ali Ali
Published: May 2024

Background: Parental absence due to the employment of non-Arabic-speaking maids from countries like the Philippines and India raises concerns about children's emotional well-being. Despite emotional attachment, earlier research suggested limited influence on children's Arabic language acquisition. The study aims to address the understudied but significant global issue of maid impact on Saudi f amilies.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted using including both Saudi and non-Saudi participants aged 16 to 55 who willingly took part in the survey. The data were collected using a structured questionnaire, and statistical analysis was performed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) program.
Results: Our study included 586 participants, with the majority of the female population (90.8%). The majority of parents perceived no significant impact of domestic helpers on their child's cognitive development (60.6%), emotional state (57.8%), personality traits, values, and attitudes (61.6%). Similarly, the majority see no negative effects on academic achievements (70.3%) and interpersonal relationships (64.8%). A large proportion expressed a neutral stance on their child forming a close relationship with domestic workers (30.2%). Nationality variations among domestic workers show no significant differences.
Conclusion: A large proportion of parents perceive minimal negative impact across various dimensions, including cognitive development, emotional states, personality traits, and academic achievements. A substantial number of parents expressed openness to close relationships between their children and domestic workers.
Physical activity/exercise and diabetes: a review statement of the American Diabetes Association
Authors: Hakami Fahad , Ayoub Jamelah , Abumerai Zahra , Hadi Elham , Bashir Halimah , Omeesh Ohoud , Esknder Salha , Iskander Ibtisam
Published: May 2024

Ensuring regular physical exercise is crucial for managing blood glucose levels and promoting overall health in those with diabetes and prediabetes. Recommendations and precautions differ based on individual attributes and health conditions. This article aimed to provide a comprehensive assessment and evidence-based guidelines on physical activity and exercise for diabetic patients. An electronic literature search was conducted in the MEDLINE database using the specified search keywords: Physical, Activity, Exercise, Diabetes, Statement, and American Diabetes Association. The search was limited to publications between 2014 and 2024 to identify relevant material. Relevant search terms were utilized on Google Scholar to locate and explore relevant scholarly articles. The selection of papers was guided by certain inclusion criteria. The study was organized into several sections with particular headers in the discussion. It is advisable to suggest and prescribe physical activity and exercise to all patients with diabetes as a means of managing glucose control and promoting overall health. The advice and precautions for managing diabetes depend on factors such as the specific type of diabetes, age, level of physical activity, and any existing diabetes-related health issues. Recommendations should be customized to address the unique requirements of each individual. All adults should be encouraged to not only participate in regular physical exercise but also to reduce the overall amount of time spent being sedentary each day. It is important to interrupt prolonged periods of sitting with frequent intervals of physical activity. Ultimately, behavior- change tactics might be employed to encourage the acceptance and continuation of lifelong physical exercise.
Prevalence of self-prescribed Vitamin A analogs and awareness of related adverse effects
Authors: Alruwaili Maram , Alahmadi Mohammed , Alzanadi Rabab , Almughera Tharaa , Almohsen Danyah , Bukhamsin Sarah , Alghamdi Kholoud , Alhaqbani Renad , Alsifri Sahar , AlQahtani Reemah , Alfalah Haifa , Alotaibi Moteb
Published: May 2024

Background: Topical Vitamin A analogs (Retinoids) are approved treatments for acne vulgaris impacting the quality of life. Self-prescription of retinoids is often encountered by dermatologists, and it is driven by factors such as mild symptoms and cost-saving. This study aims to assess the prevalence of self-prescription of Vitamin-A analogs and awareness of their adverse effects among the general population.
Methods: An online questionnaire was formulated by the research team through an extensive literature review and was validated by three experts in dermatology. It was distributed and collected from the five regions in Saudi Arabia.
Results: The present study included 2150 participants, primarily female (76.3%), aged 18-24 (50.6%), and over 60% holding bachelor's degrees. Social media (29.5%) and physicians (26.2%) were common sources of information about Vitamin A analogs for acne treatment. Nearly half had been diagnosed with acne, and 42.5% were aware of adverse effects, with dryness being the most reported (59.7%). Acretin (28.1%) was the most used medication. Awareness of avoiding Vitamin A analogs during pregnancy was 47.0%. Sociodemographic factors such as age, region, and acne history were significantly associated with the awareness regarding Vitamin A use during pregnancy.
Conclusion: The present study revealed a substantial prevalence of self-prescribed Vitamin A analogs for acne, particularly among young, educated individuals. The high awareness of potential adverse effects underscores the need for improved education. Sociodemographic associations highlight the importance of targeted interventions in promoting safe practices.
Effectiveness Evaluation of the Novel miRNA-based Forensic Age Estimation Strategy for Blood Samples in Forensic Science
Authors:   School Of Clinical And Basic Medical Sciences, Yan Jiangwei
Published: May 2024

Age estimation has always been an important issue in forensic science, which is of great significance in narrowing the scope of suspects and sentencing in the judiciary.
Non-Accidental Injury Involving A Neonate
Authors:   Department of forensic medicine, Sarawak General Hospital, Selvaraja Ganesh Raj
Published: May 2024

Non-accidental Injury (NAI) was brought forward by the investigation and research that was conducted by Ambroise Tardieu
Sistem Pemantauan serta Pengendalian Suhu dan PH Air Berbasis Arduino Uno pada Pendederan Udang Vaname
Authors: Primanandra Afdal , Yusfi Meqorry , Rasyid Rahmat
Published: May 2024

Kualitas air merupakanÂ aspek yang sangat menentukan keberhasilan budidaya udang vaname. Kualitas air yang diperhatikan diantaranya adalah suhu dan pH air. Penelitian ini menghasilkan sistem yang melakukan pemantauan serta pengendalian terhadap suhu dan pH air pada pendederan udang vaname dengan memanfaatkan sensor dan aktuator. Sensor yang digunakan adalah sensor DS18B20 sebagai pendeteksi suhu dan sensor pH-4502C sebagai pendeteksi pH air, sedangkan aktuator yang digunakan adalah relay, pompa air untuk mengaliri pH up atau pH down ke tambak, heater untuk menaikan suhu dan fan untuk menurunkan suhu air. Data suhu dan pH air yang terdeteksi oleh sensor diteruskan ke mikrokontroler untuk diproses lalu ditampikan pada LCD serta menyalakan aktuator jika suhu dan pH air tidak sesuai dengan ketentuan yang diberikan. Hasil yang didapat pada penelitian ini yaitu sebuah sistem yang dapat memantau serta mengendalikan suhu dan pH air dengan persentase kesalahan sensor DS18B20 sebesar 1,19% dan sensor pH-4502C sebesar 1,23%. Nilai yang didapatkan setiap sensor ditampilkan pada LCD, serta menyalakan pompa air jika 7Â > pH >Â 8,5, heater jika suhu < 28Â°C dan fan jika suhu >Â 30Â°C. Hasil ini mengindikasikan bahwa sistem yang dirancang berfungsi dengan baik untuk memantau serta mengendalikan suhu dan pH air pada pendederan udang vaname
Sistem Pemantau Suhu Tambal Ban Berbasis Mikrokontroler Nodemcu Esp8266
Authors: Ramadani Vira , Nasution Mulkan Iskandar , Mastura Mastura
Published: May 2024

Kebocoran ban adalah salah satu kendala saat mengendarai sepeda motor, sehingga memungkinkan pengendara untuk langsung menggantikan ban. Penyebab kebocoran tersebut disebabkan adanya benda yang tertusuk di permukaan ban. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu merancang sistem perbaikan kebocoran ban berbasis mikrokontroler nodemcu esp8266 dan mengetahui unjuk kerja sistem perbaikan kebocoran ban berbasis mikrokontroler nodemcu esp8266. Perancangan sistem pada penelitian ini menggunakan Atmega328. Alat sistem kontrol tersebut dapat bekerja sesuai instrument pendukung-pendukungnya menggunakan suhu panas agar alat beroperasi dan terhubung dengan koneksi aplikasi blynk. Sistem pendukung ada dua jenis yaitu berupa sensor thermocouple dan sensor arus, sehingga proses perancangan ini dilaksanakan pada kedua pendukung tersebut. Pengujian dilakukan sebanyak 3 kali. Pengujian pertama menggunakan suhuÂ  165,7-172 Â°C dengan waktu 3 menitÂ  dan hasilÂ  tambalan tidak matang sehingga tambalan tidak merekat pada bagian yang mengalami kebocoran ban. Pengujian kedua menggunakan suhu 178-180,2 Â°C dengan waktu 4 menit dan hasil tambalan hampir matang sehingga tambalan tidak bisa menahan beban yang besar dan tidak tahan digunakan terlalu lama. Pengujian ketiga menggunakan suhu 183-185,7 Â°C dengan waktu 5 menit dan hasil tambalan matang sehingga tambalan merekat dengan baik dan dapat digunakan.Â Kata kunci:Kebocoran, ban, sensor suhu, arus, aplikasi blynk.
Sintesis dan Analisis Absorbsi UV-Vis Nanokomposit ZnO@CQD (Carbon Quantum Dots)
Authors: Haya Nabila Fadia , Astuti Astuti , Usna Sri Rahayu Alfitri
Published: May 2024

Penelitian tentang sintesis dan analisis absorbsi UV-Vis nanokomposit ZnO@CQD telah dilakukan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisa absorbsi UV-Vis ZnO terhadap penambahan larutan CQD. Sampel yang digunakan yaitu nanopartikel ZnO dan nanokomposit ZnO@CQD dengan variasi volume CQD 10 ml, 20 ml, dan 30 ml. Metode yang digunakan untuk pembuatan ZnO dan CQD adalah metode hidrotermal, sedangkan penggabungan ZnO@CQD dilakukan dengan metode sonikasi. Karakterisasi sampel menggunakan x-ray diffraction (XRD), fourier transform infrared (FTIR), dan spektrofotometer UV-Vis. Hasil karakterisasi XRD menunjukkan ZnO dan ZnO@CQD (30 ml) memiliki struktur kristal wurtzite hexagonal untuk ZnO dan cubic untuk CQD. Ukuran kristal ZnO sebesar 27,27 nm, sementara ZnO@CQD (30 ml) 40,86 nm. Hasil uji FTIR pada variasi ZnO@CQD terdapat ikatan Zn-O yang menunjukkan terbentuk ZnO dan ikatan C=C menunjukkan terbentuknya CQD. Analisis hasil karakterisasi UV-Vis didapatkan rentang cahaya UV pada panjang gelombang 300-400 nm, sedangkan pada rentang panjang gelombang 400-700 nm absorbsi mengalami peningkatan karena variasi larutan CQD. Perhitungan nilai celah pita energi menggunakan metode touc plot didapatkan celah pita energi untuk ZnO sebesar 3,15 eV, sedangkan celah pita energi ZnO@CQD 10 ml, 20 ml, dan 30 mlÂ berturut-turut adalah 3,17 eV, 3,12 eV, dan 3,16 eV.