bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Fabrication of low surface free energy automotive clear coats: Mechanical and surface chemistry studies
Authors: Mohammad Rabea A. , Mohseni M. , Yari H. , Ramezanzadeh B.
Published: October 2012

This work aims at improving the surface chemistry and the mechanical properties of a commercial acrylic–melamine clear coat using a functional siliconized additive. The resistance of films against biological degradation was then investigated using pancreatin (simulated bird droppings) and Arabic gum (simulated tree gum). Variations in the surface and bulk chemical structures, as well as the thermomechanical characteristics of the clear coats at different concentrations of the additive, were investigated by a wide range of techniques inclusive of contact angle measurement, gonio‐spectrophotometery, dynamic mechanical thermal analysis (DMTA), energy‐dispersive spectroscopy, atomic force microscope, optical microscope, and attenuated totalreflectance Fourier transform infrared (ATR‐FTIR) spectroscopy. Negligible effect of additive on color change was revealed. It was shown that even at low loadings of additive it could migrate to the surface, producing hydrophobic films with very low surface free energies with water contact angle exceeding 100°. In addition, it was found by DMTA and ATR‐FTIR studies that the functional additive was covalently attached to the acrylic–melamine chains through its hydroxyl groups. However, phase separation was observed at high concentrations of additive, leading to reduced crosslinking density. The clear coat resistance against pancreatin and Arabic gum was improved using optimum concentrations of the additive. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2013
Study of glycidyl ether as a new kind of modifier for urea‐formaldehyde wood adhesives
Authors: Ye Jun , Qiu Teng , Wang Haiqiao , Guo Longhai , Li Xiaoyu
Published: October 2012

In this work, the multiepoxy functional glycidyl ether (GE) modified urea‐formaldehyde (UF) resins were synthesized via a traditional alkaline‐acid process under low formaldehyde/urea (F/U) molar ratio. The synthesized resins were characterized by 13C magnetic resonance spectroscopy (13C‐NMR), indicating that GE can effectively react with UF resins via the ring‐opening reaction of epoxy groups. Moreover, the residual epoxy groups of GE could also participate in the curing reaction of UF resins, which was verified by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The storage stability of GE‐modified UF resins and the thermal degradation behavior of the synthesized resins were evaluated by using optical microrheology and thermogravimetric analysis, respectively. Meanwhile, the synthesized resins were further employed to prepare the plywood with the veneers glued. For the modification on bonding strength and formaldehyde emission of the plywood, the influences of addition method, type, and amount of GE were systematically investigated. The performance of UF adhesives were remarkably improved by the modification of GE around 20–30% (weight percentage of total urea) in the acidic condensation stage during the resin synthesis. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2013
Evolution of the wettability between carbon fiber and epoxy as a function of temperature and resin curing
Authors: Li Min , Yuan Chao , Wang Shao Kai , Gu Yi Zhuo , Potter Kevin , Zhang Zuo Guang
Published: October 2012

This article focuses on experimental studies on the wetting behavior between different carbon fibers (CFs) and epoxy as function of temperature, hardener addition, and progressive curing of the resin. The results indicate that surface sizing plays a key role in wettability of the CF with epoxy. There is a critical temperature for good‐wetting of DGEBA‐DDS mixture/CF. Complete wetting can be obtained for resin/CF after a period of curing time. Moreover, chemical reactions can not only improve the wettability but also strengthen interactions between the curing resin and CF. These results could provide an essential implication for understanding the formation process of interphase region of CF/epoxy composites. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2013
Enhanced Performance of Quasi‐Solid‐State Dye‐Sensitized Solar Cells by Branching the Linear Substituent in Sensitizers Based on Thieno[3,4‐c]pyrrole‐4,6‐dione
Authors: Feng Quanyou , Zhang Weiyi , Zhou Gang , Wang Zhong‐Sheng
Published: October 2012

Thieno[3,4‐c]pyrrole‐4,6‐dione‐based organic sensitizers with triphenylamine (FNE38 and FNE40) or julolidine (FNE39 and FNE41) as electron‐donating unit have been designed and synthesized. A linear hexyl group or a branched alkyl chain, the 2‐ethylhexyl group, is incorporated into molecular skeleton of the dyes to minimize intermolecular interactions. The absorption, electrochemical, and photovoltaic properties for these sensitizers were then systematically investigated. It is found that the sensitizers have similar photophysical and electrochemical properties, such as absorption spectra and energy levels, owing to their close chemical structures. However, the quasi‐solid‐state dye‐sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) based on the two types of sensitizers exhibit very different performance parameters. Upon the incorporation of the short ethyl group on the hexyl moiety, enhancements in both open‐circuit voltage (Voc) and short‐circuit current (Jsc) are achieved for the quasi‐solid‐state DSSCs. The Voc gains originating from the suppression of charge recombination were quantitatively investigated and are in good agreement with the experimentally observed Voc enhancements. Therefore, an enhanced solar energy conversion efficiency (η) of 6.16 %, constituting an increase by 23 %, is achieved under standard AM 1.5 sunlight without the use of coadsorbant agents for the quasi‐solid‐state DSSC based on sensitizer FNE40, which bears the branched alkyl group, in comparison with that based on FNE38 carrying the linear alkyl group. This work presents a design concept for considering the crucial importance of the branched alkyl substituent in novel metal‐free organic sensitizers.
Luminescence Tuning and White‐Light Emission of Co‐doped Ln–Cd–Organic Frameworks
Authors: Ablet Ayjamal , Li Shu‐Mu , Cao Wei , Zheng Xiang‐Jun , Wong Wing‐Tak , Jin Lin‐Pei
Published: October 2012

Four new three‐dimensional isostructural lanthanide–cadmium metal–organic frameworks (Ln–Cd MOFs), [LnCd2(imdc)2(Ac)(H2O)2]⋅H2O (Ln=Pr (1), Eu (2), Gd (3), and Tb (4); H3imdc=4,5‐imidazoledicarboxylic acid; Ac=acetate), have been synthesized under hydrothermal conditions and characterized by IR, elemental analyses, inductively coupled plasma (ICP) analysis, and X‐ray diffraction. Single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction shows that two LnIII ions are surrounded by four CdII ions to form a heteronuclear building block. The blocks are further linked to form 3D Ln–Cd MOFs by the bridging imdc3− ligand. Furthermore, the left‐ and right‐handed helices array alternatively in the lattice. Eu–Cd and Tb–Cd MOFs can emit characteristic red light with the EuIII ion and green light with the TbIII ion, respectively, while both Gd–Cd and Pr–Cd MOFs generate blue emission when they are excited. Different concentrations of Eu3+ and Tb3+ ions were co‐doped into Gd–Cd/Pr–Cd MOFs, and tunable luminescence from yellow to white was achieved. White‐light emission was obtained successfully by adjusting the excitation wavelength or the co‐doping ratio of the co‐doped Gd–Cd and Pr–Cd MOFs. These results show that the relative emission intensity of white light for Gd–Cd:Eu3+,Tb3+ MOFs is stronger than that of Pr–Cd:Eu3+,Tb3+ MOFs, which implies that the Gd complex is a better matrix than the Pr complex to obtain white‐light emission materials.
The effect of a 94 GHz electromagnetic field on neuronal microtubules
Authors: Samsonov Andrey , Popov Sergey V.
Published: October 2012

Hardware that generates electromagnetic waves with wavelengths from 1 to 10 mm (millimeter waves, “MMW”) is being used in a variety of applications, including high‐speed data communication and medical devices. This raises both practical and fundamental issues concerning the interaction of MMW electromagnetic fields (EMF) with biological tissues. A 94 GHz EMF is of particular interest because a number of applications, such as active denial systems, rely on this specific frequency. Most of the energy associated with MMW radiation is absorbed in the skin and, for a 94 GHz field, the power penetration depth is shallow (≈0.4 mm). At sufficiently high energies, skin heating is expected to activate thermal pain receptors, leading to the perception of pain. In addition to this “thermal” mechanism of action, a number of “non‐thermal” effects of MMW fields have been previously reported. Here, we investigated the influence of a 94 GHz EMF on the assembly/disassembly of neuronal microtubules inXenopusspinal cord neurons. We reasoned that since microtubule array is regulated by a large number of intracellular signaling cascades, it may serve as an exquisitely sensitive reporter for the biochemical status of neuronal cytoplasm. We found that exposure to 94 GHz radiation increases the rate of microtubule assembly and that this effect can be entirely accounted for by the rapid EMF‐elicited temperature jump. Our data are consistent with the notion that the cellular effects of a 94 GHz EMF are mediated entirely by cell heating. Bioelectromagnetics 34:133–144, 2013. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
A COMPARISON OF BRIEF FUNCTIONAL ANALYSES WITH AND WITHOUT CONSEQUENCES
Authors: Call Nathan A. , Zangrillo Amanda N. , Delfs Caitlin H. , Findley Addie J.
Published: October 2012

Variations to traditional functional analysis methodology, such as brief functional analyses (BFAs), are prevalent in the literature. In the current evaluation, two types of BFAs were each conducted with five participants. In one, potential motivating operations (MOs) were presented, and problem behavior resulted in delivery of an associated consequence. In the other, the same MOs were presented, but no consequences were delivered. Results of the two BFAs were compared with respect to the conditions in which problem behavior occurred and the degree of differentiation between test and control conditions. Results across the BFA methodologies generally matched across all five participants. However, greater differentiation was observed in the BFA that did not include consequences. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Photocurrent generation by helical peptide monolayers integrating light harvesting and charge‐transport functions
Authors: Moritoh Ryosuke , Morita Tomoyuki , Kimura Shunsaku
Published: October 2012

In this study, we construct photoenergy‐conversion systems with chromophores located with molecular precision to facilitate efficient light harvesting and charge transport. 310‐Helical peptides carrying a disulfide group at the N‐terminal, linearly arranged six naphthyl groups at the side chains, and an energy acceptor (anthryl, pyrenyl, or N‐ethylcarbazolyl group) at the C‐terminal were immobilized on a gold surface via a gold‐sulfur linkage to form a well‐defined self‐assembled monolayer with vertical orientation. The monolayer composed of helical peptides terminated with a naphthyl group instead of an energy acceptor was used as control. Upon photoexcitation of the naphthyl groups of the monolayers in solutions containing an electron donor, all the monolayers generated an anodic photocurrent. The photocurrent generation by the monolayers with an acceptor is composed of the following three steps: (1) photon capture by the side‐chain naphthyl groups and energy transfer to the terminal acceptor (light harvesting), (2) electron donation from the aqueous donor to the excited acceptor (electron generation), and (3) electron transport from the terminal to gold via the side‐chain naphthyl groups (electron hopping). Unfortunately, it was found that introduction of an energy acceptor facilitates the light‐harvesting step but suppresses the electron‐generation and electron‐hopping steps, resulting in slight reduction of the efficiency of photocurrent generation compared to the control system. Further detailed discussion on photoenergy and electron transport processes shows a prospect to realize efficient photocurrent generation systems taking advantages of both light harvesting and charge‐transport functions in future. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Biopolymers (Pept Sci) 100: 1–13, 2013.
Synthesis and properties of peptide dendrimers containing fluorescent and branched amino acids
Authors: Kitamatsu Mizuki , Kitabatake Mayumi , Noutoshi Yoshiteru , Ohtsuki Takashi
Published: October 2012

In this report, we describe dendritic peptides possessing central fluorescent amino acids with adjacent branched amino acids. These fluorescent‐peptide dendrimers were prepared using (9‐fluorenyl)methoxycarbonyl (Fmoc)‐based solid‐phase peptide synthesis and Fmoc‐derivative fluorescent and branched amino acids. The branched amino acids featured multiple carboxylic acids in their side chains, making the fluorescent‐peptide dendrimers highly water‐soluble compared with the analogous peptides containing the fluorescent amino acids only. The branched amino acid units also improved the fluorescence intensity of the dendrimers. Based on high‐pressure liquid chromatography and fluorescence spectroscopy results, we determined that the fluorescent groups were located in the core and that the carboxylic acids were located on the surface of the dendrimers. Fluorescence resonance energy transfer was achieved among the three proximal fluorescent groups in one of the fabricated fluorescent‐peptide dendrimers. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Biopolymers (Pept Sci) 100: 64–70, 2013.
Increased Humoral Immune Responses of Pigs to Foot‐and‐Mouth Disease Vaccine Supplemented with Ginseng Stem and Leaf Saponins
Authors: Li Yutao , Xie Feng , Chen Jian , Fan Qing , Zhai Lijuan , Hu Songhua
Published: October 2012

Vaccination is a conventional approach against foot‐and‐mouth disease (FMD) in pigs. However, failure to elicit an immune response to vaccine has been reported. Our previous investigation showed that ginseng stem and leaf saponins (GSLS) and mineral oil acted synergistically to promote Th1/Th2 immune responses to FMD vaccine in mice. This study was designed to i) find the optimal doses of GSLS in oil‐emulsified FMD vaccines to induce immune responses in mice and pigs and ii) to evaluate the effect of oil‐emulsified FMD vaccine supplemented with GSLS on the immune responses in pigs, by measuring the serum indirect hemagglutination (IHA) titer and IgG and IgG subclass levels. The GSLS‐enhanced immune response to FMD oil‐emulsion vaccine depended on the dose of GSLS added to the vaccine. Addition of GSLS at a dose of 40 μg to 2 ml of FMD oil‐emulsified vaccine significantly enhanced the humoral immune responses in pigs, when compared to the vaccine without GSLS (P<0.05). The increased antibodies included IgG1 and IgG2. Hence, GSLS and oil adjuvant synergistically promoted the immune responses to vaccination against FMD in pigs, and GSLS could be a promising vaccine additive to improve oil‐emulsified veterinary vaccines.
Control of late apoptotic events by the p38 stress kinase in l‐glutamine‐deprived mouse hybridoma cells
Authors: Harnett Curtis C , Guerin Paul J , Furtak Teresa , Gauthier Eric R
Published: October 2012

l‐Glutamine (Gln) starvation rapidly triggers apoptosis in Sp2/0‐Ag14 (Sp2/0) murine hybridoma cells. Here, we report on the role played by the stress‐activated kinase p38 mitogen‐activated protein kinase (MAPK) in this process. p38 activation was detected 2 h after Gln withdrawal and, although treatment with the p38 inhibitor SB203580 did not prevent caspase activation in Gln‐starved cells, it reduced the occurrence of both nuclear condensation/fragmentation and apoptotic body formation. Similarly, transfection of Sp2/0 cells with a dominant negative p38 MAPK reduced the incidence of nuclear pyknosis and apoptotic body formation following 2 h of Gln starvation. Gln withdrawal‐induced apoptosis was blocked by the overexpression of the anti‐apoptotic protein Bcl‐xL or by the caspase inhibitor Z‐VAD‐fmk. Interestingly, Bcl‐xL expression inhibited p38 activation, but Z‐VAD‐fmk treatment did not, indicating that activation of this MAPK occurs downstream of mitochondrial dysfunction and is independent of caspases. Moreover, the anti‐oxidant N‐acetyl‐l‐cysteine prevented p38 phosphorylation, showing that p38 activation is triggered by an oxidative stress. Altogether, our findings indicate that p38 MAPK does not contribute to the induction of apoptosis in Gln‐starved Sp2/0 cells. Rather, Gln withdrawal leads to mitochondrial dysfunction, causing an oxidative stress and p38 activation, the latter contributing to the formation of late morphological features of apoptotic Sp2/0 cells. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Microwave‐Assisted Transfer Hydrogenation of Ketones by Ru(xantphos) Arene Complexes
Authors: Marimuthu Thashree , Friedrich Holger B.
Published: October 2012

A Ru‐catalyzed hydrogen transfer from 2‐propanol to acetophenone in the presence of the strong base KOtBu afforded 1‐phenyl alcohol in >99 % yield within 5 min under microwave irradiation; no reaction occurred in the absence of the base. A series of catalysts was then prepared in situ from [RuCl2‐η6‐p‐cymene]2 and xantphos family ligands, which were characterized by having natural bite angles ranging from 102.2 to 137.9°. The Ru(xantphos)arene catalyst was used for various substrates to give yields and turnover frequencies between 48 and 99 % and between ≥1431 and 2982 h−1, respectively, for acetophenone derivatives and >99 % and ≥2982 h−1 for sterically bulky ketones (benzophenone, 9H‐fluoren‐9‐one, and α‐tetralone).
Advances in Metal‐Free Heterocycle‐Based Columnar Liquid Crystals
Authors: Roy Brindaban , De Nirupam , Majumdar Krishna C.
Published: October 2012

Liquid crystals are ordered soft materials formed by self‐organized molecules and can potentially be used as new functional materials for electron‐, ion‐ or molecular‐transport; optical; and bio‐active materials. In particular, the columnar liquid crystals are promising candidates used in various optical and electronic devices. For this purpose, design and synthesis of unconventional materials are essential. In this review, we have summarized several approaches for the synthesis of columnar liquid crystals composed of various heterocyclic systems. We also outline their liquid crystalline and other relevant properties, and their suitability for applications in diverse fields.
Detection of Metal Ions (Cu2+, Hg2+) and Cocaine by Using Ligation DNAzyme Machinery
Authors: Wang Fuan , Orbach Ron , Willner Itamar
Published: October 2012

The Cu2+‐dependent ligation DNAzyme is implemented as a biocatalyst for the colorimetric or chemiluminescence detection of Cu2+ ions, Hg2+ ions, or cocaine. These sensing platforms are based on the structural tailoring of the sequence of the Cu2+‐dependent ligation DNAzyme for specific analytes. The tethering of a subunit of the hemin/G‐quadruplex DNAzyme to the ligation DNAzyme sequence, and the incorporation of an imidazole‐functionalized nucleic‐acid sequence, which acts as a co‐substrate for the ligation DNAzyme that is tethered to the complementary hemin/G‐quadruplex subunit. In the presence of different analytes, Cu2+ ions, Hg2+ ions, or cocaine, the pretailored Cu2+‐dependent ligation DNAzyme sequence stimulates the respective ligation process by combining the imidazole‐functionalized co‐substrate with the ligation DNAzyme sequence. These reactions lead to the self‐assembly of stable hemin/G‐quadruplex DNAzyme nanostructures that enable the colorimetric analysis of the substrate through the DNAzyme‐catalyzed oxidation of 2,2′‐azinobis(3‐ethylbenzothiazoline‐6‐sulfonic acid), ABTS2−, by H2O2 into the colored product ABTS.−, or the chemiluminescence detection of the substrate through the DNAzyme‐catalyzed oxidation of luminol by H2O2. The detection limits for the sensing of Cu2+ ions, Hg2+ ions, and cocaine correspond to 1 nM, 10 nM and 2.5 μM, respectively. These different sensing platforms also reveal impressive selectivities.
Experimental Study of Hydrogen Bonding Potentially Stabilizing the 5′‐Deoxyadenosyl Radical from Coenzyme B12
Authors: Friedrich Peter , Baisch Ulrich , Harrington Ross W. , Lyatuu Fredrick , Zhou Kai , Zelder Felix , McFarlane William , Buckel Wolfgang , Golding Bernard T.
Published: October 2012

Coenzyme B12 can assist radical enzymes that accomplish the vicinal interchange of a hydrogen atom with a functional group. It has been proposed that the CoC bond homolysis of coenzyme B12 to cob(II)alamin and the 5′‐deoxyadenosyl radical is aided by hydrogen bonding of the corrin C19H to the 3′‐O of the ribose moiety of the incipient 5′‐deoxyadenosyl radical, which is stabilized by 30 kJ mol−1 (B. Durbeej et al., Chem. Eur. J. 2009, 15, 8578–8585). The diastereoisomers (R)‐ and (S)‐2,3‐dihydroxypropylcobalamin were used as models for coenzyme B12. A downfield shift of the NMR signal for the C19H proton was observed for the (R)‐isomer (δ=4.45 versus 4.01 ppm for the (S)‐isomer) and can be ascribed to an intramolecular hydrogen bond between the C19H and the oxygen of CHOH. Crystal structures of (R)‐ and (S)‐2,3‐dihydroxypropylcobalamin showed C19H⋅⋅⋅O distances of 3.214(7) Å (R‐isomer) and 3.281(11) Å (S‐isomer), which suggest weak hydrogen‐bond interactions (−ΔG<6 kJ mol−1) between the CHOH of the dihydroxypropyl ligand and the C19H. Exchange of the C19H, which is dependent on the cobalt redox state, was investigated with cob(I)alamin, cob(II)alamin, and cob(III)alamin by using NMR spectroscopy to monitor the uptake of deuterium from deuterated water in the pH range 3–11. No exchange was found for any of the cobalt oxidation states. 3′,5′‐Dideoxyadenosylcobalamin, but not the 2′,5′‐isomer, was found to act as a coenzyme for glutamate mutase, with a 15‐fold lower kcat/KM than 5′‐deoxyadenosylcobalamin. This indicates that stabilization of the 5′‐deoxyadenosyl radical by a hydrogen bond that involves the C19H and the 3′‐OH group of the cofactor is, at most, 7 kJ mol−1 (−ΔG). Examination of the crystal structure of glutamate mutase revealed additional stabilizing factors: hydrogen bonds between both the 2′‐OH and 3′‐OH groups and glutamate 330. The actual strength of a hydrogen bond between the C19H and the 3′‐O of the ribose moiety of the 5′‐deoxyadenosyl group is concluded not to exceed 6 kJ mol−1 (−ΔG).
Rh‐Catalyzed CC Cleavage of Benzyl/Allylic Alcohols to Produce Benzyl/Allylic Amines or other Alcohols by Nucleophilic Addition of Intermediate Rhodacycles to Aldehydes and Imines
Authors: Zhang Xi‐Sha , Li Yang , Li Hu , Chen Kang , Lei Zhi‐Quan , Shi Zhang‐Jie
Published: October 2012

We report three transformations: 1) direct transformation from biarylmethanols into biarylmethylamines; 2) direct transformation from one biarylmethanol into another biarylmethanol; 3) direct transformation from allylic alcohols into allylic amines. These transformations are based on pyridyl‐directed Rh‐catalyzed CC bond cleavage of secondary alcohols and subsequent addition to CX (X=N or O) double bonds. The reaction conditions are simple and no additive is required. The driving force of CC bond cleavage is the formation of the stable rhodacycle intermediate. Other directing groups, such as the pyrazolyl group, can also be used although it is not as efficient as the pyridyl group. We carried out in‐depth investigations for transformation 1 and found that: 1) the substrate scope was broad and electron‐rich alcohols and electron‐deficient imines are more efficient; 2) as the leaving group, aldehyde had no significant impact on either the CC bond cleavage or the whole transformation; 3) mechanistic studies (intermediate isolation, in situ NMR spectroscopic studies, competing reactions, isotopic labeling experiments) implied that: i) The CC cleavage was very efficient under these conditions; ii) there is an equilibrium between the rhodacycle intermediate and the protonated byproduct phenylpyridine; iii) the addition step of the rhodacycle intermediate to imines was slower than the CC cleavage and the equilibrium between the rhodacycle and phenylpyridine; iv) the whole transformation was a combination of two sequences of CC cleavage/nucleophilic addition and CC cleavage/protonation/CH activation/nucleophilic addition, with the latter being perhaps the main pathway. We also demonstrated the first example of cleavage of an C(alkenyl)C(benzyl) bond. These transformations showed the exchange (or substitution) of the alcohol group with either an amine or another alcohol group. Like the “group transplant”, this method offers a new concept that can be used to directly synthesize the desired products from other chemicals through reorganization of carbon skeletons.
3 D MOFs Containing Trigonal Bipyramidal Ln5 Clusters as Nodes: Large Magnetocaloric Effect and Slow Magnetic Relaxation Behavior
Authors: Shi Peng‐Fei , Zheng Yan‐Zhen , Zhao Xiao‐Qing , Xiong Gang , Zhao Bin , Wan Fan‐Fan , Cheng Peng
Published: October 2012

Two 3D heterometal–organic frameworks based on infrequent trigonal bipyramidal Ln5 clusters as nodes were structurally and magnetically characterized (Ln=Gd (1), Dy (2)). The results indicate large MCE of up to 30.7 J kg−1 K−1 in 1 and slow magnetic relaxation behavior in 2. Expectedly, constructing 3D MOFs based on multinuclear clusters as nodes may will be a new strategy for achieving large −ΔSm. Additionally, compound 1 exhibits high thermal and solvent stabilities, providing a favorable foundation for realistic applications.
Optical Properties and Photo‐Oxidation of Tetraphenylethene‐Based Fluorophores
Authors: Aldred Matthew P. , Li Chong , Zhu Ming‐Qiang
Published: October 2012

We report the optical properties of tetraphenylethene (TPE) and other TPE derivatives functionalised with an octyl group (TPE‐OCT) and polyethyleneglycol group (TPE‐PEG) in the side chain. We compared TPE‐OCT and TPE‐PEG with TPE in both organic solvents and under aqueous conditions. All materials exhibit aggregation‐induced emission, however, uncommonly, TPE‐PEG seems to aggregate in aqueous solution with enhanced photoluminescence quantum efficiency (PLQE) relative to that in organic solvents. All three materials can be photo‐oxidised in solution to their diphenylphenanthrene derivative by irradiation with UV light (at both ≈1 and ≈5 mW cm−2), with a subsequent enhancement in PL efficiency. The electron‐donating ether group increases the rate of oxidation relative to bare TPE and also photo‐oxidation was shown to be solvent and concentration dependent. Finally, photo‐oxidation was also demonstrated in the aggregate state.
ChemInform Abstract: KCo(H2O) 2BP2O8·0.48H2O and K0.17Ca0.42Co (H2O) 2BP2O8·H2O: Two Cobalt Borophosphates with Helical Ribbons and Disordered (K,Ca)/H2O Schemes.
Authors: Guesmi Abderrahmen , Driss Ahmed
Published: October 2012

The hydrothermal reaction of KNO3, Co(OAc)2, H3BO3, and H3PO4 in aqueous solutions (Pyrex tubes, 453 K, 4 weeks) yields KCo(H2O) 2BP2O8·0.48H2O as major phase besides some pink crystals of K0.17Ca0.42Co (H2O) 2BP2O8·H2O.
ChemInform Abstract: Crystal and Electronic Structures of La2LiGe6‐x (x = 0.21) and La2LiGe4Si2.
Authors: Stetskiv Andrij , Misztal Renata , Pavlyuk Volodymyr
Published: October 2012

The title compounds are synthesized from the elements (Ta crucible, 670 K, 2 d followed by annealing at 1070 K for 6 h) and characterized by single crystal XRD and TB‐LMTO‐ASA computations.
ChemInform Abstract: Two Homologous Intermetallic Phases in the Na—Au—Zn System with Sodium Bound in Unusual Paired Sites within 1D Tunnels.
Authors: Samal Saroj L. , Lin Qisheng , Corbett John D.
Published: October 2012

The title system contains two new compounds Na0.97Au2Zn4 (I) and Na0.72Au2Zn2 (II) which are characterized by single crystal XRD.
ChemInform Abstract: Ternary Arsenides A2Zn5As4 (A: K, Rb): Zintl Phases Built from Stellae Quadrangulae.
Authors: Stoyko Stanislav S. , Khatun Mansura , Mar Arthur
Published: October 2012

The title compounds are prepared from stoichiometric mixtures of the elements (alumina crucible, 650 °C for K sample, 600 °C for Rb sample, 10 d) and characterized by single crystal XRD and TB‐LMTO‐ASA band structure calculations.
ChemInform Abstract: Materials Properties of Ultra‐Incompressible Re2P.
Authors: Schnick Wolfgang , et al. et al.
Published: October 2012

Re2P is prepared by reaction of a 2:1 mixture of Re and red P in a Sn flux (1200 K, 7 d).
ChemInform Abstract: Probing the Presence of Multiple Metal—Metal Bonds in Technetium Chlorides by X‐Ray Absorption Spectroscopy: Implications for Synthetic Chemistry.
Authors: Poineau Frederic , Johnstone Erik V. , Forster Paul M. , Ma Longzou , Sattelberger Alfred P. , Czerwinski Kenneth R.
Published: October 2012

The presence of Tc—Tc bonding in Cs3[Tc2X8] (X: Cl, Br), in the product of the reduction of (I) with (Bu4N)BH4, and in the product obtained from reaction of (III) with gaseous HCl at 300 °C is probed by EXAFS spectroscopy.
ChemInform Abstract: RbBiNb2O7: A New Lead‐Free High‐Tc Ferroelectric.
Authors: Li Bao‐Wen , Osada Minoru , Ozawa Tadashi C. , Sasaki Takayoshi
Published: October 2012

RbBiNb2O7 ceramic is synthesized by solid state reaction of stoichiometric quantities of Rb2CO3, Bi2O3, and Nb2O5 (1000 °C, 24 h) and characterized by powder XRD, Raman scattering spectroscopy, and electrical measurements.
ChemInform Abstract: Enhanced Water Splitting Activity of M‐Doped Ta3N5 (M: Na, K, Rb, Cs).
Authors: Kado Yuya , Lee Chong‐Yong , Lee Kiyoung , Mueller Julian , Moll Matthias , Spiecker Erdmann , Schmuki Patrik
Published: October 2012

Alkali metal doped Ta3N5 is prepared by annealing a highly ordered nanochannel Ta2O5 layer (obtained from a Ta substrate by anodization under self‐organizing conditions) in NH3 at 800 °C for 1 h, followed by dropping an alkali metal solution on the sample and reannealing in NH3 at 800 °C for 3 h.
ChemInform Abstract: Exploratory Investigation of New SHG Materials Based on Galloborates.
Authors: Hu Ting , Hu Chun‐Li , Kong Fang , Mao Jiang‐Gao , Mak Thomas C. W.
Published: October 2012

The structures of the new galloborates (III), (V), and (VIII) are determined by single crystal XRD.
ChemInform Abstract: [VO(dien)]2GeS4: Solvothermal Synthesis and Crystal Structure with an ortho‐Thiogermanate as Tetradentate Ligand.
Authors: Wang Jing , Naether Christian , Djamil John , Bensch Wolfgang
Published: October 2012

Dark green crystals of the title compound (dien: diethylenetriamine) are solvothermally synthesized from NH4VO3, germanium, sulfur, and dien (160 °C, 9 d, 70% yield).
ChemInform Abstract: Inorganic Polar Blocks into Controlled Acentric Assemblies.
Authors: Endara D. , Colmont M. , Huve M. , Capet F. , Lejay J. , Aschehoug P. , Mentre O.
Published: October 2012

New noncentrosymmetric bismuth‐phosphate based compounds are prepared using a Lego‐like assembly of complex Bi3+ based polar building units.
ChemInform Abstract: Uranium(IV) Sulfates: Investigating Structural Periodicity in the Tetravalent Actinides.
Authors: Schnaars David D. , Wilson Richard E.
Published: October 2012

The UIV sulfate complexes (II), (III), (V), and (VII) are characterized by single crystal XRD and vibrational spectroscopy.
ChemInform Abstract: A New Chiral Sulfinyl—NH—Pyridine Ligand for Ir‐Catalyzed Asymmetric Transfer Hydrogenation Reaction.
Authors: Deng Jingen , et al. et al.
Published: October 2012

A novel chiral sulfinyl‐NH‐pyridine ligand is prepared and utilized for Ir‐catalyzed asymmetric transfer hydrogenation.
ChemInform Abstract: Highly Enantioselective Michael Addition of Cyclic Ketones to Chalcones Catalyzed by Pyrrolidine‐Based Imides.
Authors: Xie Hong‐Yu , Ban Shu‐Rong , Liu Ju‐Na , Li Qing‐Shan
Published: October 2012

Moderate to excellent stereoselectivities are obtained for the title reaction in the presence of a L‐proline derived imide as catalyst (NIM).
ChemInform Abstract: Core—Shell Structured Mesoporous Silica: A New Immobilized Strategy for Rhodium Catalyzed Asymmetric Transfer Hydrogenation.
Authors: Zhang Huaisheng , Jin Ronghua , Yao Hui , Tang Shuang , Zhuang Jinglan , Liu Guohua , Li Hexing
Published: October 2012

A heterogeneous rhodium catalyst is prepared and successfully used for the asymmetric transfer hydrogenation of aromatic ketones (I).
ChemInform Abstract: Pd‐Catalyzed Reductive Cleavage of Alkyl Aryl Sulfides with Triethylsilane that Is Accelerated by Trialkylsilyl Chloride.
Authors: Matsumura Takehiko , Niwa Takashi , Nakada Masahisa
Published: October 2012

The process is accelerated and exhibits increased functional group selectivity in the presence of TmsCl as the additive.
ChemInform Abstract: Ecofriendly and Facile Nano ZnO Catalyzed Solvent‐Free Enamination of 1,3‐Dicarbonyls.
Authors: Indulkar Utkarsha U. , Kale Sandip R. , Gawande Manoj B. , Jayaram Radha V.
Published: October 2012

Nanozinc oxide is successfully applied as catalyst for the reaction of 1,3‐dicarbonyl compounds with amines to produce the corresponding enamines.
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium‐Catalyzed Cross‐Coupling of Vinyldisiloxanes with Benzylic and Allylic Halides and Sulfonates.
Authors: Frye Elizabeth C. , O'Connor Cornelius J. , Twigg David G. , Elbert Bryony , Laraia Luca , Hulcoop David G. , Venkitaraman Ashok R. , Spring David R.
Published: October 2012

The title Hiyama reaction is performed with allylic chlorides and bromides, and benzylic chlorides, bromides, tosylates and mesylates.
ChemInform Abstract: Simple, Fast and Efficient Synthesis of β‐Keto Esters from the Esters of Heteroaryl Compounds, Its Antimicrobial Study and Cytotoxicity Towards Various Cancer Cell Lines.
Authors: Ragavan R. Venkat , Vijayakumar V. , Rajesh K. , Reddy B. Palakshi , Karthikeyan S. , Kumari N. Suchetha
Published: October 2012

Heteroaryls are converted into β‐keto esters in good yields by applying the suitable base, solvent and minimum amount of ethyl acetate.
ChemInform Abstract: N‐Acyl 1,5‐Diazabicyclo[4.3.0]non‐5‐ene (DBN) Tetraphenylborate Salts as O‐Acylating Agents.
Authors: Taylor James E. , Williams Jonathan M. J. , Bull Steven D.
Published: October 2012

The title compounds (II) react with primary and secondary alcohols to yield the corresponding esters.
ChemInform Abstract: Polyacrylonitrile Fiber Mat Supported Solid Acid Catalyst for Acetalization.
Authors: Shao Linjun , Du Yijun , Xing Guiying , Lv Weixi , Liang Xuezheng , Qi Chenze
Published: October 2012

A novel polyacrylonitrile hybrid fiber mat‐supported solid acid catalyst is produced by electrospinning of polyacrylonitrile with a solid acid prepared from polyvinyl alcohol and hydroxyethylsulfonic acid.
ChemInform Abstract: Carbocyanation of Trisubstituted Olefins via Cu‐Catalyzed Atom Transfer Radical Addition.
Authors: Kamijo Shin , Yokosaka Shinya , Inoue Masayuki
Published: October 2012

The regioselective process affords products which are functionalized at 2 vicinal carbons.
ChemInform Abstract: Divergent Stereocontrol of Acid Catalyzed Intramolecular Aldol Reactions of 2,3,7‐Triketoesters: Synthesis of Highly Functionalized Cyclopentanones.
Authors: Truong Phong , Shanahan Charles S. , Doyle Michael P.
Published: October 2012

The starting tetracarbonyls are generated via a two‐step sequence based on enol diazoacetates.
ChemInform Abstract: An Unprecedented Iron‐Catalyzed Cross‐Coupling of Primary and Secondary Alkyl Grignard Reagents with Non‐activated Aryl Chlorides.
Authors: Perry Marc C. , Gillett Amber N. , Law Tyler C.
Published: October 2012

The reactions of primary Grignards give the corresponding alkylated arenes in high yields, whereas secondary substrates provide a mixture of isomeric products in moderate yields.
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium‐Catalyzed Oxidative Alkynylation of Arene C—H Bond Using the Chelation‐Assisted Strategy.
Authors: Kim Seok Hwan , Park Sae Hume , Chang Sukbok
Published: October 2012

Among various types of directing groups, the N‐methyl‐2‐aminopyridine moiety is found to be the most effective and selective one.
ChemInform Abstract: Direct, Metal‐Free Synthesis of Benzyl Alcohols and Deuterated Benzyl Alcohols from p‐Toluenesulfonylhydrazones Using Water as Solvent.
Authors: Garcia‐Munoz Angel , Ortega‐Arizmendi Aldo I. , Garcia‐Carrillo Mario A. , Diaz Eduardo , Gonzales‐Rivas Nelly , Cuevas‐Yanez Erick
Published: October 2012

Microwave‐assisted synthesis of benzyl alcohols from various hydrazones is possible in water with high yields within a short times.
ChemInform Abstract: Metal‐ and Ligand‐Free Ullmann‐Type C—O and C—N Coupling Reactions Promoted by Potassium tert‐Butoxide.
Authors: Yang Shuliang , Wu Cunqi , Ruan Mingbo , Yang Yanqin , Zhao Yongxia , Niu Jiajia , Yang Wei , Xu Jingwei
Published: October 2012

A simple protocol allows the coupling of aryl bromides with phenols and imidazole under mild conditions in a short time.
ChemInform Abstract: One‐Pot Method for α‐Phenylation of Ketones Using Isoxazolidine and Triphenylaluminum.
Authors: Miyoshi Tetsuya , Sato Shohei , Tanaka Hiroya , Hasegawa Chihiro , Ueda Masafumi , Miyata Okiko
Published: October 2012

Treatment of various ketones with triphenylaluminum and isoxazolidine in one‐pot results in an umpolung‐type α‐phenylation of ketones via N‐alkenylisoxazolidine intermediates.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of 2‐Arylsulfonylamino‐3‐phenyl‐3‐chloropropanoic Acids.
Authors: Popov A. V. , Kondrashov E. V. , Chernyshev K. A. , Serykh V. Yu. , Rozentsveig I. B.
Published: October 2012

A simple approach for the preparation of previously unknown derivatives of β‐chlorophenylalanine with a protected amino group is given.
ChemInform Abstract: An Efficient and Recyclable DMAP‐Based Ionic Liquid/Water System for Morita—Baylis—Hillman Reactions.
Authors: Zhang Li‐Rong , Yi Feng‐Ping , Zhang Xuan , Zhou Jian‐Zhong
Published: October 2012

The ionic liquid can be reused for at least five runs without significant loss of activity.
ChemInform Abstract: Manganese Oxide‐Catalyzed Additive‐ and Solvent‐Free Aerobic Oxidative Synthesis of Primary Amides from Primary Amines.
Authors: Yamaguchi Kazuya , Wang Ye , Mizuno Noritaka
Published: October 2012

Primary benzylic amines undergo aerobic oxidation to the corresponding amides (II) in the presence of amorphous manganese dioxide as reusable catalyst.
ChemInform Abstract: Electrogenerated Base: A Green Protocol for Synthesis of Arylidene Malononitrile.
Authors: Saraswat Apoorv , Sharma Laxmi Kant , Singh R. K. P.
Published: October 2012

The simple one‐pot electrochemical synthesis of the title compounds (III) is achieved in organic medium using a simple supporting electrolyte.
ChemInform Abstract: A Palladium‐Catalyzed Three‐Component Coupling of Arylboronic Acids, Sulfur Dioxide and Hydrazines.
Authors: Ye Shengqing , Wu Jie
Published: October 2012

A novel method is reported for the preparation of N‐aminosulfonamides (III) by a three‐component reaction of hydrazines (I) with DABCO.2SO2 and boronic acids.
ChemInform Abstract: One‐Pot Thioetherification of Aryl Halides with Thiourea and Benzyl Bromide in Water Catalyzed by Cu‐Grafted Furfural Imine‐Functionalized Mesoporous SBA‐15.
Authors: Mondal John , Modak Arindam , Dutta Arghya , Basu Sohini , Jha Shambhu Nath , Bhattacharyya Dibyendu , Bhaumik Asim
Published: October 2012

The reaction is conducted under environmentally benign conditions.
ChemInform Abstract: A Direct Conversion of Carboxylic Acids to Methylthiomethyl Esters Using a Microwave‐Assisted Pummerer Rearrangement with Dimethylsulfoxide.
Authors: McCarthy Allison , Spatney Russell , Manpadi Madhuri , Myers Brian J. , Zimmerman Jake R.
Published: October 2012

The presented method allows the rapid introduction of the methylthiomethyl ester protecting group to a variety of carboxylic acids (I), including alkyl, electron‐rich aromatic, and long‐chain unsaturated carboxylic acids.
ChemInform Abstract: Metal‐Free Oxidation of Sulfides by Carbon Nitride with Visible Light Illumination at Room Temperature.
Authors: Zhang Pengfei , Wang Yong , Li Haoran , Antonietti Markus
Published: October 2012

Mesoporous graphitic carbon nitride is developed as a non‐metal, heterogeneous photocatalyst for the selective oxidation of sulfides (I) to sulfoxides (II) with oxygen.
ChemInform Abstract: Catalytic C—H Bond Arylation of Aryl Imines and Oxazolines in Water with Ruthenium(II)—Acetate Catalyst.
Authors: Li Bin , Devaraj Karthik , Darcel Christophe , Dixneuf Pierre H.
Published: October 2012

A convenient protocol is developed for the selective ortho‐diarylation of aryl‐aldimines, aryl ketimines, and phenyl oxazines with aryl bromides.
ChemInform Abstract: An Efficient Protocol for Palladium‐Catalyzed Ligand‐Free Suzuki—Miyaura Coupling in Water.
Authors: Mondal Manoj , Bora Utpal
Published: October 2012

A catalyst system based on PdCl2 and sodium sulfate exhibits high activity in the Suzuki—Miyaura cross‐coupling of aryl bromides (I) and arylboronic acids (II) at room temperature in water.
ChemInform Abstract: Stereoselective Synthesis of cis‐Alkenes/halo‐Alkenes by Reaction of Diphenylmethane with Ethynylbenzenes via sp3 C—H Bond Activation Promoted by Iron Salts.
Authors: Yang Jianguo , Chen Di , Bao Weiliang
Published: October 2012

The reaction can be carried out in the presence of FeBr3 or FeCl3.
ChemInform Abstract: “Evans Auxiliary” Based P—N Ligands for Pd‐Catalyzed Asymmetric Allylic Alkylation Reactions.
Authors: Li Yun , Liang Fang , Wu Rui , Li Qian , Wang Quan‐Rui , Xu Yao‐Chang , Jiang Lei
Published: October 2012

New chiral ligands (Ia,b) are prepared and successfully applied to the title reaction.
ChemInform Abstract: Diastereo‐ and Enantioselective Synthesis of Densely Functionalized Cyclohexanones via Double Michael Addition of Curcumins with Nitroalkenes.
Authors: Ayyagari Narasimham , Namboothiri Irishi N. N.
Published: October 2012

By using the most effective combination of an organocatalyst and a base, the title reaction is carried out for the first time.
ChemInform Abstract: Condensation of 2‐Naphthol and Naphthalenediols with o‐Dichlorobenzene in the Presence of Aluminum Halides
Authors: Koltunov Konstantin Yuryevich , Chernov Aleksey Nikolaevich , Prakash Gubbi Krishnamurthy Surya , Olah George Andrew
Published: October 2012

study on the regioselectivity
ChemInform Abstract: Novel Silver Tetrafluoroborate Catalyzed Electrophilic Cascade Cyclization Reaction: A Facile Approach to the Synthesis of Halo‐Substituted Benzo[a]fluorenols.
Authors: Chen Zhiyuan , Zeng Mengjing , Yuan Jianjun , Yang Qin , Peng Yiyuan
Published: October 2012

A broad spectrum of target compounds, which are of interest as biologically active systems and for material synthesis, is available under conditions A) or B).
ChemInform Abstract: Highly Asymmetric Synthesis of (+)‐Corsifuran A. Elucidation of the Electronic Requirements in the Ruthenium‐NHC Catalyzed Hydrogenation of Benzofurans.
Authors: Ortega Nuria , Beiring Bernhard , Urban Slawomir , Glorius Frank
Published: October 2012

The process yields 2,3‐dihydrobenzofurans (II) with excellent enantioselectivities including (+)‐corsifuran (IIf).
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Benzo[b]furan‐2‐thioles from 4‐(2‐Hydroxyaryl)‐1,2,3‐thiadiazoles.
Authors: Petrov M. L. , Iekhlev M. , Teplyakov F. S. , Androsov D. A.
Published: October 2012

A new method for the synthesis of benzo[b]furan‐2‐thiols is developed using the base‐mediated decomposition of title o‐hydroxyaryl‐thiadiazoles, which is accompanied by liberation of nitrogen, and subsequent recyclization.
ChemInform Abstract: Regioselectivity of Diels—Alder Reactions Between 6,7‐Dehydrobenzofuran and 2‐Substituted Furans.
Authors: Brown Neil , Buszek Keith R.
Published: October 2012

A remarkable regioselectivity is observed in the title reaction.
ChemInform Abstract: Mg/La Mixed Oxide as an Efficient Heterogeneous Basic Catalyst for Synthesis of 2‐Aminothiophenes under Microwave Irradiation.
Authors: Moeinpour Farid , Dorostkar Nadieh , Vafaei Majid
Published: October 2012

The applied catalyst can be recycled at least three times.
ChemInform Abstract: Pd‐Catalyzed Addition of Boronic Acids to Vinylogous Imines: A Convenient Approach to 3‐sec‐Alkyl Substituted Indoles.
Authors: Cao Liang‐Liang , Li Xu‐Ni , Meng Fan‐Yan , Jiang Guo‐Fang
Published: October 2012

Pd‐Catalyzed addition of vinylogous imines, generated in situ from sulfonylindoles (I), to arylboronic acids (II) provides a convenient access to different 3‐substituted indoles (III) in good yields.
ChemInform Abstract: Organocatalyzed Arylalkylation of Activated Alkenes via Decarboxylation of Ph‐I(O‐CO‐R)2: Efficient Synthesis of Oxindoles.
Authors: Wu Tao , Zhang Hao , Liu Guosheng
Published: October 2012

An intramolecular reaction in the presence of neocuproine affords various target compounds.
ChemInform Abstract: An Efficient and Mild Superoxide Induced Michael Addition of Indoles to α,β‐Unsaturated Ketones.
Authors: Singh Satish Kumar , Singh Krishna Nand
Published: October 2012

Michael reaction of indoles (I) with olefins (II) takes place exclusively in position 3 without any formation of N‐alkylated products.
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium‐Catalyzed Cyclization of o‐Alkynyltrifluoroacetanilides Followed by Isocyanide Insertion: Synthesis of 2‐Substituted 1H‐Indole‐3‐carboxamides.
Authors: Hu Ziwei , Liang Dongdong , Zhao Jiaji , Huang Jinbo , Zhu Qiang
Published: October 2012

If electron‐poor derivatives are used, the performance can be enhanced, when the reaction is conducted at 50 °C.
ChemInform Abstract: Nucleophilic Addition of Regioselectively Lithiated Indoline with Aldimines for the Syntheses of 2‐ and 7‐Indolinyl Methanamine Derivatives.
Authors: Cheng Liang , Liu Li , Li Chuan , Jia Han , Wang Dong , Chen Yong‐Jun
Published: October 2012

Depending on the N‐1 protecting group combined with the lithiating conditions, indoline substrates undergo regioselective metalation followed by reaction with aldimines to give 2‐ or 7‐substituted products.
ChemInform Abstract: Catalytic Enantioselective Synthesis of Chiral Insatin Derivatives by an Aldol Approach.
Authors: Yanagisawa Akira , Kushihara Naoyuki , Sugita Takuya , Yoshida Kazuhiro
Published: October 2012

The synthesis of the title compounds proceeds via aldol reaction of alkenyl trihaloacetates with isatins using a chiral tin bromide methoxide, generated in situ, as the catalyst.
ChemInform Abstract: Metal‐Free Electrocyclization at Ambient Temperature: Synthesis of 1‐Arylcarbazoles.
Authors: Samanta Rajarshi , Kulikov Katharina , Strohmann Carsten , Antonchick Andrey P.
Published: October 2012

Oxidative electrocyclization of 2,6‐diarylacetanilides with hypervalent iodine offers a convenient synthesis of the title compounds.
ChemInform Abstract: Gold‐Catalyzed Tandem Reaction in Water: An Efficient and Convenient Synthesis of Fused Polycyclic Indoles.
Authors: Feng Enguang , Zhou Yu , Zhao Fei , Chen Xianjie , Zhang Lei , Jiang Hualiang , Liu Hong
Published: October 2012

An Au(I)‐catalyzed tandem cyclization reaction of substituted indolylalkylamines (I), (IV), (VI) and (VIII) and alkynoic acids (II), (IX) under microwave irradiation is described.
ChemInform Abstract: ZnBr2‐Based Choline Chloride Ionic Liquid for Efficient Fixation of CO2 to Cyclic Carbonate.
Authors: Cheng Weiguo , Fu Zengzeng , Wang Jinquan , Sun Jian , Zhang Soujiang
Published: October 2012

The easily accessible title ionic liquid is used as novel catalytic system for carbon dioxide fixation in cyclic carbonates.
ChemInform Abstract: Highly Selective Synthesis of Libraries of 1,2‐Disubstituted Benzimidazoles Using Silica Gel Soaked with Ferric Sulfate.
Authors: Paul Susmita , Basu Basudeb
Published: October 2012

A simple protocol using iron(III) sulfate on silica as the catalyst allows the one‐step condensation‐aromatization reaction of o‐phenylenediamines with aldehydes to give benzimidazoles in good yields.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of 2‐Oxazolines and Related N‐Containing Heterocycles Using [Et2NSF2]BF4 as a Cyclodehydration Agent.
Authors: Pouliot Marie‐France , Angers Laetitia , Hamel Jean‐Denys , Paquin Jean‐Francois
Published: October 2012

Cyclodehydration of hydroxamides and related amides and thioamide with XtalFluor‐E ([Et2NSF2]BF4) allows for the synthesis of a wide variety of heterocycles under mild reaction conditions.