bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Short Film of Adolescent Reproductive Health Based on Friendly of Local Wisdom for Junior High School in Bondowoso
Authors: Susanto Tantut , Nur Kholid Rosyidi Muhammad , Astuti Soekma Yeni
Published: May 2020

Background: The lack of information and low knowledge for adolescent reproductive health (ARH) have an impact on junior high school (JHS) students during puberty to develop unhealthy reproductive behaviors, such as dating and consumption of pornography through online media. Meanwhile, there are lack of facilities and infrastructure to accommodate the interests and talents of students that are friendly with local wisdom. Therefore, there is needed a partneships program between  schools and university to improve student creativity for coaching ARH through empowerment of school environment. Furhermore, the aim of community egagement is to make a short film “healthy ARH” that is friendly to local wisdom to improve life skills of ARH.Method:The crativity of short movie program “healthy ARH” for local wisdom-friendly  was conducted for 6 months at JHS 2 and JHS 3 Tamanan, Bondowoso. Among 36 students, 34 parents, and 6 teachers were participated in this program. Student creativity for making a short film was facilitated for promoting and education of ARH. This activities is an independent program from, by, and for students and teachers which are friendly with local wisdom. The series of activities consisted of community school consultations, training for made a short film, education and training for ARH, and monitoring and evaluation of program. Program measurements for students were performed through quantitatively measured for analyzed the differences of knowledge, attitudes, and behavior of ARH, as well as knowledge of HIV at the beginning of month 1, month 3, and month 6 using Chi square test. Whereas the qualitative evaluation was perforemed through focus group discussions (FGD) regarding the perceptions of students and teachers used a short film as ARH  promotion media at the end of the program.Hasil:Among 36 students who took part in this program, there were significant differences for ARH of students before and after participating in the “healthy ARH” through short film based on local wisdom-friendly, both in terms of knowledge(X2= 33.6; p<0.001), attitudes(X2= 16.2; p=0.001), behavior(X2= 24.3; p<0.001), andknowledge ofHIV (X2= 11.9;p=0.008). Based on the FGD, the teachers were feel confident for conducting peer counselors using short film education media. These film was easier to educate the student regarding the values and norms of school environment. Meanwhile, students feel comfortable learning ARH from a short film and their interests and talent are facilitated by short film creativity.Kesimpulan:Ashort film “healthy ARH” based local wisdom-friendly program is able to improve the knowledge, attitudes and behavior of ARH, as well as the students' HIV knowledge. This program could be used as a medium for ARH education in schools by integrating with the school health program to improve life skills of ARH.
Developing a Prosthesis Design using A Gearbox to Replicate the Human Hand Mechanism
Authors: Jaber Haneen Mahdi , -Sattar Muhammed Abdul , Abd al-Sahib Nabel Kadhim
Published: May 2020

Prosthetic is an artificial tool that replaces a member of the human frame that is  absent because of ailment, damage, or distortion. The current research activities in Iraq draw interest to the upper limb discipline because of the growth in the number  of amputees. Thus, it becomes necessary to increase researches in this subject to help in reducing the struggling patients.  This paper describes the design and development of a prosthesis for people able and wear them from persons who have amputation in the hands. This design is composed of a hand with five fingers moving by means of a gearbox ism mechanism. The design of this artificial hand has 5 degrees of freedom. This artificial hand works based on the principle of  under actuated system. The used motor is 6V Polulu high-power carbon brush micro metal gearmotor with gear ratio equal to 50:1. The motor was chosen due to its compactness and cheapness. The hand manufacturing process was done using  a 3D printer and using polylactic acid material. Numbers of experiments were accomplished using the designed hand for gripping objects. Initially, the electromyography signal (EMG) was recorded when the muscle contracted in one second, two seconds, three seconds. The synthetic hand was able to produce a range of gestures and grasping for objects.
Permeable Reactive Barrier of Coated Sand by Iron Oxide for Treatment of Groundwater Contaminated with Cadmium and Copper Ions
Authors: Abdul-Kareem Mohammed B. , Faisal Ayad A.H.
Published: May 2020

In this research, coated  sand  iron-oxide (CSIO)  has been used as a permeable reactive barrier (PRB) for removal of cadmium and copper  ions from the contaminated groundwater. The prepared material has been  manufactured by precipitation of nano-particles based this oxide type on the sand surfaces by impregnation process. Therefore, this technique can be considered the main objective of the present study. The description of sorption data for sorbate-sorbent under consideration by the Langmuir isotherm model was more valuable than the Freundlich model. The maximum adsorption capacity of CSIO reaches 1.9181 and 7.6425 mg/g for cadmium and copper respectively. COMSOL Multiphysics Version release 3.5 has a good ability in the simulation and prediction of the cadmium and copper transport through one-dimensional CSIO-PRB. The outcome of this investigation prove that the manufactured CSIO has significant capability in the delay of contaminants the migration through barrier packed with this material. The root means squared errors between predicted and measured data were not exceeded the 0.121; so, this means that there a good agreement between these data
A Comparison of Religiosity and Life Satisfaction among Seven Different Religious Groups
Authors: Jenks Richard James
Published: May 2020

The purpose of this study is to see if six widely used indicators of religiosity (self-reporting as being religious; importance of their religion to them; church membership, attendance and belonging to church groups; and praying) are related to happiness and life satisfaction. Using an on-line survey (N = 1399) I found that all except the frequency of prayer indicator were positively associated with life satisfaction and happiness. The sample was then broken into seven groups: Protestant, Catholic, Jewish, Buddhist, Unitarian, Unity and no religion. Significant ANOVAs were found among the groups on each of my four questions: Life Satisfaction, Happiness, Not Feeling Lonely, and Group Satisfaction. Overall, Unity members scored high on these questions while the non-religious, Buddhists, and Unitarians scored low. The results for Unity, Unitarianism and Buddhism were discussed in terms of their doctrines accounting for these scores. Finally, recommendations were made for future research.
Why Adolescent Girls Play Basketball in Australia and its Meaning for them
Authors: Light Richard L. , Pimenta Ricardo
Published: May 2020

The potential of organized sport to contribute to the health and wellbeing of young people justifies concern about their participation in it. While most research focuses on barriers and drop out, this article reports on a study that adopted a positive approach. Conducted in a large basketball club in Melbourne, Australia, it focused on what kept adolescent girls, aged 13-16 in one team. It identified two main factors contributing toward making basketball enjoyable for the six girls in the study and which kept them playing. They were: (1) relationships within the team and (2) having a strong sense of learning and improvement.
ASSESSMENT AND COMPARISON OF FOUR MICE BREEDS AS BIOMODEL IN GENOTOXICITY ASSAYS
Authors: Arencibia Arrebola Daniel Francisco , Rosario Fernández Luis Alfredo , Suárez Fernández Yolanda Emilia , Vidal Novoa Alexis
Published: May 2020

Generalmente los estudios mutagénicos y genotóxicos en toxicología experimental se realizan después de la evaluación de toxicidad aguda potencial a evaluar en dos especies y al menos en dos vías de administración de manera independiente. Con estos ensayos se explora el riesgo asociado a daños directos o indirectos sobre el material genético donde una respuesta positiva permite por lo general el paso del compuesto a un segundo nivel de evaluación.
DESCRIPCIÓN DE LOS OTOLITOS SAGITTAE DE ESPECIES DE LA FAMILIA CARANGIDAE (PERCIFORMES: ACTINOPTERYGII) DE LA COSTA CENTRO DEL ESTADO DE VERACRUZ, MÉXICO
Authors: Santillán Reyes Cinthya , Martínez Pérez José Antonio , Del Moral Flores Luis Fernando
Published: May 2020

Se describió la morfología de los otolitos sagittae de nueve especies de la familia Carangidae que habita en la costa central de México. Los especímenes fueron capturados con una red de 800 metros durante cinco recolectas de Enero a Noviembre del 2010. Se realizó una comparación de las principales características morfológicas entre especies. También se calculó la relación entre el tamaño del otolito y el tamaño del pez. Los resultados muestran claramente la variabilidad específica de las sagittae y su relación con el hábitat.
PRIMER REGISTRO DE CRYPTOPS PATAGONICUS MEINERT, 1886 (CHILOPODA: SCOLOPENDROMORPHA: CRYPTOPIDAE) EN CHILE
Authors: Vega Román Emmanuel Abraham , Ruíz Rodríguez Víctor Hugo , Soto Saravia Ricardo Antonio
Published: May 2020

Los miriápodos de la clase Chilopoda son considerados activos depredadores terrestres, los cuales se registran en diversos ambientes tales como la hojarasca, corteza de arboles, praderas, cuevas, matorrales e inclusive el mismo desierto; característica que les permite distribuirse por todo el mundo, desde las zonas templadas a las zonas tropicales.
DISPERSIÓN EN EL SUELO DE CINCO CONTAMINANTES EN DOS COMPLEJOS INDUSTRIALES EN PUEBLA, MÉXICO, UTILIZANDO EL MODELO DE DISPERSIÓN DE GAUSS
Authors: Sánchez Torres Roberto Carlos , Silva Gómez Sonia Emilia , Toxtle Tlamani José Silvestre , Perez Avilés Ricardo , Hernández Zepeda J. Santos
Published: May 2020

Este trabajo describe la metodología para el modelamiento de dispersión en el suelo de cinco contaminantes atmosféricos: PM10, SO2, NOx, HxCy y CO, emitidos por una chimenea virtual y generados por la combustión de derivados de petróleo dentro de un área de modelación ubicada al norte de la ciudad de Puebla, México y delimitada por los parques industriales Puebla 2000 y 5 de Mayo, tomados como fuentes puntuales de emisión. Mediante el modelo de dispersión de Gauss se estimó la distancia donde se localiza la máxima concentración a nivel del suelo de cada contaminante debajo de la línea central de la pluma y a favor del viento. En los resultados encontrados destacan una distancia promedio de dispersión para los contaminantes, la existencia de una relación entre la distancia alcanzada por los contaminantes y el área de cada parque industrial así como las concentraciones halladas de cada contaminante. Esta modelación demostró que si bien el modelo de Gauss representa una opción económica para estimar la calidad del aire de una zona donde se carece de equipo para muestreos in situ, la exactitud del modelo puede representar una desventaja, por lo que el uso de este modelo es recomendable para estudios de tipo cualitativo.
WisdomNet: Prognosis of COVID-19 with Slender Prospect of False Negative Cases and Vaticinating the Probability of Maturation to ARDS using Posteroanterior Chest X-Rays
Authors: Kumar Peeyush , Gangal Ayushe , Kumari Sunita
Published: May 2020

Coronavirus is a large virus family consisting of diverse viruses, some of which disseminate among mammals and others cause sickness among humans. COVID-19 is highly contagious and is rapidly spreading, rendering its early diagnosis of preeminent status. Researchers, medical specialists and organizations all over the globe have been working tirelessly to combat this virus and help in its containment. In this paper, a novel neural network called WisdomNet has been proposed, for the diagnosis of COVID-19 using chest X-rays. The WisdomNet uses the concept of ‘Wisdom of Crowds’ as its founding idea. It is a two-layered convolutional Neural Network (CNN), which takes chest x-ray images as input. Both layers of the proposed neural network consist of a number of neural networks each. The dataset used for this study consists of chest x-ray images of COVID-19 positive patients, compiled and shared by Dr. Cohen on GitHub, and the chest x-ray images of healthy lungs and lungs affected by viral and bacterial pneumonia were obtained from Kaggle. The network not only pinpoints the presence of COVID-19, but also gives the probability of the disease maturing into Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS). Thus, predicting the progression of the disease in the COVID-19 positive patients. The network also slender the occurrences of false negative cases by employing a high threshold value, thus aids in curbing the spread of the disease and gives an accuracy of 100% for successfully predicting COVID-19 among the chest x-rays of patients affected with COVID-19, bacterial and viral pneumonia.
How Close are We to a COVID-19 Vaccine?
Authors: Ozkan Kayhan
Published: May 2020

This review provides an overview regarding the main aspects of candidate COVID-19 vaccines and pathophysiology of disease. The types of biotechnological candidate vaccines to be developed against COVID-19, their degree of protection and the pathophysiological mechanism of the disease were analyzed in this review article. The literature data on which cruxes for the development of biotechnological candidate vaccines to be wended are based was researched. Data that could give reference to various biotechnological candidate vaccines were reviewed. For this purpose, up-to-date literature data was utilized. The ways to succeed in the development of a vaccine requiring a technological infrastructure are to synthesize the data obtained from long term trials and to put them into practice subsequently. The vaccines to be developed by means of recombinant DNA technology will be a source of inspiration to people for further studies. After a rapid process of vaccine development, the use of COVID-19 vaccine can be mainstreamed among people to prevent the disease. As a result of these practices, the evaluation of which vaccine will be more safe, reliable and effective will be performed after phase studies.
Analytical Review of COVID-19 Outbreak in India During the Global Pandemic
Authors: Goel Parth , Garg Dweepna , Ganatra Amit
Published: May 2020

COVID-19 is one of the very contagious diseases from the family Coronaviridae and spreading at a faster rate in the community. In December 2019, the first case of COVID-19 was reported in Wuhan, China. An epidemic outbreak of COVID-19 was seen in India from March 2020. Epidemiological data of COVID-19 cases of the world and India have been analyzed in our study. We have utilized publicly available two databases from data repository by Johns Hopkins CSSE and covid19india.org. COVID-19 cases and case fatality rate (CFR) of the world have been summarized and compared with India from January 22, 2020 to April 15, 2020. Indian cases were analyzed among states of India and also compared with age and gender by performing statistical approaches such as central tendency, standard deviation and interquartile range. By April 15, 2020, Indian has reported 12,322 confirmed cases, 1,498 recovered cases and 405 death cases of COVID-19. In spite of India being a diverse country with the second-highest population, the deadly side of COVID-19 was comparatively far less as compared to the other countries. India has taken preemptive measures at an early stage to prevent transmission of COVID-19 outbreak and it is reviewed from our study by comparing India with other countries. Our study also summarizes that age also plays a vital role in the intervention of COVID-19 cases.
Detection of Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) using Radiological Examinations
Authors: Shahzeb Muhammad , Khan Areena , Muhammad Anees
Published: May 2020

An outbreak of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) occurred in China. The causative agent of COVID-19 is Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The disease rapidly spreads from China to the world by trading and traveling. Until April 24, 2020, approximately 2,544,792 cases were confirmed with 175,694 deaths throughout the world. The highest number of cases were identified from the United States of America (USA) whereas the mortality rate is high in Portugal. The diagnosis of COVID-19 is based on Computed Tomography Scanning (CT Scan) and Real-Time Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction (qRT-PCR). Assessing the extension of pathology, the exact location of the area involved, and assessment of the disease severity makes CT scan superior to other modalities. This review shows that real-time polymerase chain reaction and imaging technology both play an important role in the diagnosis of COVID-19. However, imaging modalities have more importance in diagnosis and screening than qRT-PCR. The qRT-PCR was positive in 81.3% whereas CT scan abnormality was observed in 89.8%. Bilateral lobe (51.4%) abnormality was found more than a single lobe (21.5%) in COVID-19 infected patients. The CT scan reports show a high-level abnormality in right lower lung lobe than others in COVID-19 infected patients. The CT scan evaluates different manifestations such as the presence of ground-glass opacities, consolidations, crazy paying linear, cavitation, discrete nodules, pleural effusion, and lymphadenopathy. It is concluded that imaging technology especially CT scan and X-rays play an important role in the screening and diagnosis of COVID-19 infected patients in limited access to qRT-PCR regions. The common radiological manifestation was also determined, which will be helpful for the radiologist to diagnosed COVID-19 infected patients in the early stages. Follow up studies required regarding the radiological examinations.
COVID-19: Recent updates on SARS-CoV-2 and Preventing its Community Transmission in India by 21 Days Lockdown
Authors: K. Pawar Satyajeet , T. Mohite Shivaji
Published: May 2020

The current pandemic of COVID-19 has caused havoc all over world since its emergence and rapid spread. Within three months the virus SARS-CoV-2 which was isolated from pneumonia cases in Wuhan City, Hubei Province, China in late December 2019, has affected almost all countries. India reported its first case of COVID-19 from state of Kerala on January 30, 2020, a student returned from city of Wuhan. Till date in India the disease had affected 12759 patients with 420 deaths. With every passing day the mysterious virus is been uncovered with its unique characteristics enabling the researcher to unfold the various methods including hand washing and social distancing to curtail the pandemic. Measures like 21 days lockdown to certain extent are effective but considering asymptomatic spreaders, extended measured lockdowns will be useful in the long term war against COVID-19. Till the vaccine and therapeutic solutions are derived, answer to pandemic and SARS-CoV-2 lies in lockdown, social distancing, contact tracing and containment.
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2): An Emerging Zoonotic Respiratory Pathogen in Humans
Authors: Malla Ashwini , Shanmugaraj Balamurugan , Ramalingam Sathishkumar
Published: May 2020

Two highly human pathogenic coronaviruses outbreak in the beginning of 21st century i.e. Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (SARS-CoV) and Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV) in 2002 and 2012 respectively caused high pathogenicity and fatality rates in human populations. Recently, a new coronavirus named as SARS-CoV-2 or nCoV-2019 was first reported in Wuhan, China in December 2019 which is responsible for an acute human respiratory illness referred as Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19), an ongoing pandemic. SARS-CoV-2 is the third known highly pathogenic virus affecting human population. This virus spread globally within few weeks of first identification and nearly 5.52 million confirmed cases with more than 3,47,000 deaths reported as of May 25, 2020. Till date, there are no specific anti-viral drugs, therapies or vaccines to contain and prevent this infectious pathogen outbreak. The global spread of this virus to over 210 countries resulted in both human and economic losses, highlighting the need for an immediate imperative research exploration on prophylactic and therapeutic measures. Current knowledge and understanding of the pathogenesis of similar coronavirus SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV might be helpful for the rapid development of treatment strategies to prevent the further spread of this virus. In this review, we recapitulate the topical understanding on the structure, pathogenesis and epidemiology of SARS-CoV-2 that has emerged as a major health concern worldwide.
Pharmacy Patronage: Identifying the Roles of Nepalese Pharmacists in Tacking COVID-19
Authors: Khatiwada Asmita Priyadarshini , Shrestha Sunil
Published: May 2020

Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic is one of the dire issues currently worldwide. With increasing death tolls every day and with new information regarding disease every minute, it is very important to disseminate the updated and reliable information to the public. Along with other health care professionals, the pharmacists’ role is crucial in preventing the spread and management of the disease. The involvement of pharmacists from clinical trials, drug evaluation to providing pharmaceutical care and other basic pharmacy services in the frontline in this health emergency is undeniable. This commentary focuses on the role of pharmacists in different settings of the health care system and the degree of recognition of the work in Nepal.
Indian Economy Amid COVID-19 Lockdown: A Prespective
Authors: Joshi Amit , Bhaskar Preeti , Gupta Puneet Kumar
Published: May 2020

COVID-19 virus has resulted in the lockdown of schools, offices, factories, temples, railway stations, and even the airspace. It is estimated that due to the lockdown, the Indian economy may face prolonged adverse impact. The paper is an attempt to ascertain the impact of lockdown on the Indian economy and explore future perspective. The study has addressed important issues like consumption expenditure, demand & supply, unemployment rate, purchasing power, financial market, etc. Under the given circumstances, the lockdown will cost India around USD 120 bn. The manufacturing and service sector has come to an abrupt stop and interrupted domestic supply chains. If this crisis continuous it will indirectly affect all economic sectors. The study has given suggestions as a learning curve which can be used by different stakeholder to improve the economic situation of the country and minimize negative effect of lockdown.
Genetic Variant of SARS-CoV-2 Isolates in Indonesia: Spike Glycoprotein Gene
Authors: Muhammad Ansori Arif Nur , Dhea Kharisma Viol , Sabilil Muttaqin Sahal , Antonius Yulanda , Parikesit Arli Aditya
Published: May 2020

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), a novel coronavirus and the primary causative agent of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), first occurred in China and rapidly spread worldwide. The government of the Republic of Indonesia confirmed its first two cases of COVID-19 in March 2020. COVID-19 is a serious illness with no efficacious antiviral medication or approved vaccine currently available. Therefore, there is a need to investigate the genome of SARS-CoV-2. In this study, we characterized SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein genes from Indonesia to investigate their genetic composition and variability. Overall, ten SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein gene sequences retrieved from GenBank (National Center for Biotechnology Information, USA) and the GISAID EpiCoV database (Germany) were compared. We analyzed nucleotide variants and amino acid changes using Molecular Evolutionary Genetics Analysis (MEGA) X and analyzed gene similarity using the LALIGN web server. Interestingly, we revealed several specific mutation sites, however, there were no significant changes in the genetic composition of SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein genes, when compared to the Wuhan-Hu-1 isolate from China. However, this is a preliminary study and we recommend that molecular epidemiology and surveillance programs against COVID-19 in Indonesia be improved.
Current Clinical Trials and Vaccine Development Strategies for Corona Virus Disease (COVID-19)
Authors: Bhadra Abhi , Singh Shweta , Chandrakar Shaswat , Kumar Vanshika , Sankhla Sakshi , Raj T. Sayuj , Selvarajan E.
Published: May 2020

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has reached global epidemic status claiming more than 319K lives and affecting more than 4.81M people and counting worldwide. Considering the severity of the situation and low recovery rate many research institutions and pharmaceutical industries are rushing to learn more about this new virus and the morbid physiology of this disease with effective diagnostic methods, therapeutic agents and vaccines. Various approaches are highlighted for comparing the possible treatment methods available for COVID-19 some of which are BCG vaccination on COVID-19 and Non-pharmaceutical interventions, drug based clinical trials of Hydroxychloroquine-Azithromycin, chloroquine, lopinavir/ritonavir, ChAdOx1 nCoV-19, Remdesivir, Stem Cell therapy and mesenchymal stromal cell therapy, etc.
In silico Molecular Docking Analysis Targeting SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein and Selected Herbal Constituents
Authors: Subbaiyan Anbazhagan , Ravichandran Karthikeyan , Singh Shiv Varan , Sankar Muthu , Thomas Prasad , Dhama Kuldeep , Malik Yashpal S. , Singh Raj Kumar , Chaudhuri Pallab
Published: May 2020

In modern drug discovery, molecular docking analysis is routinely used to understand and predict the interaction between a drug molecule and a target protein from a microbe. Drugs identified in this way may inhibit the entry and replication of pathogens in host cells. The SARS-CoV-2 associated coronavirus disease, COVID-19, has become the most contagious and deadly pandemic disease in the world today. In abeyance of any specific vaccine or therapeutic against SARS-CoV-2, the burgeoning situation urges a need for effective drugs to treat the virus-infected patients. Herbal medicines have been used as natural remedies for treating various infectious diseases since ancient times. The spike (S) protein of SARS-CoV-2 is important for the attachment and pathogenesis of the virus. Therefore, this study focused on the search of useful ligands for S protein among active constituents present in common herbs that could serve as efficient remedies for COVID-19. We analysed the binding efficiency of twelve compounds present in common herbs with the S protein of SARS-CoV-2 through molecular docking analysis and also results are validated with two different docking tools. The binding efficiency of ligands was scored based on their predicted pharmacological interactions coupled with binding energy estimates. In docking analysis, compound “I” (Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG)) was found to have the highest binding affinity with the viral S protein, followed by compounds, “F” (Curcumin),“D” (Apigenin) and “E” (Chrysophanol). The present study corroborates that compound “I” (EGCG) mostly present in the integrants of green tea, shows the highest potentiality for acting as an inhibitor of SARS-CoV-2. Further, characterization of the amino acid residues comprising the viral binding site and the nature of the hydrogen bonding involved in the ligand-receptor interaction revealed significant findings with herbal compound “I” (EGCG) binding to the S protein at eight amino acid residues. The binding sites are situated near to the amino acids which are required for virus pathogenicity. The findings of the present study need in vivo experiments to prove the utility of “I”, “F”,“D” and “E” compounds and their further use in making herb-based anti-SARS-CoV-2 product in near future. This analysis may help to create a new ethno-drug formulation for preventing or curing the COVID-19.
Epidemiological Determinants of Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 Disease Pandemic and The Role of the Bacille-Calmette-Guerin Vaccine in Reducing Morbidity and Mortality
Authors: Singh Bhoj R. , Gandharva Richa , Karthikeyan R. , Singh Shiv Varan , Yadav Akanksha , O.R. Vinodh Kumar , Sinha Dharmendra K. , Jayakumar Varsha , Dhama Kuldeep , Kumar Dharmender , Gandharava Sumedha
Published: May 2020

This study analyzed the determinants of morbidity, mortality, and case fatality rate (CFR) of the ongoing pandemic of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 disease 2019 (COVID-19). Data for 210 countries and territories available in public domains were analyzed in relation to mandatory vaccination with Bacille-Calmette-Guerin (BCG), population density, median age of the country population, health care expenditure per capita, life expectancy at birth, healthy life expectancy, literacy rate, per capita gross domestic production adjusted to purchasing power (PPP), burden of tuberculosis (TB), acquired immunodeficiency disease caused by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-AIDS), malaria, cardiovascular disease (CVD), neoplasm, diabetes, deaths due to energy-protein (food) deficiency (EPD), and per capita government spending on safe water and sanitation. Mandatory BCG vaccination showed a highly significant (p<0.0001) negative correlation with COVID-19 morbidity (r = -0.62) and mortality (r = -0.58) rates, but no significant correlation with CFR. The median age of the nation showed a significant (p<0.0001) positive correlation with COVID-19 morbidity (r= 0.40) and mortality (r = 0.34) rates, but no significant correlation with CFR. The pandemic resulted in higher morbidity (r= 0.47, p<0.0001) and mortality (r= 0.25, p = 0.01) rates in countries with a higher PPP than in those with a lower PPP. COVID-19 CFR and morbidity and mortality rates showed no significant correlation with population density, the burden of malaria or diabetes, or the level of spending on safe water and sanitation. Only the burden of TB showed a positive correlation with CFR (r = 0.17, p = 0.05). However, COVID-19 morbidity showed a significant (p ≤0.05) negative correlation with the burden of TB, HIV-AIDS, CVD, and EPD. Mortality and morbidity in COVID-19 patients showed a positive correlation with per capita health expenditure, life expectancy, the burden of neoplasia, and PPP.
Correlation Between Temperature and COVID-19 (Suspected, Confirmed and Death) Cases based on Machine Learning Analysis
Authors: Siddiqui Mohammad Khubeb , Morales-Menendez Ruben , Gupta Pradeep Kumar , Iqbal Hafiz M.N. , Hussain Fida , Khatoon Khudeja , Ahmad Sultan
Published: May 2020

Currently, the whole world is struggling with the biggest health problem COVID-19 name coined by the World Health Organization (WHO). This was raised from China in December 2019. This pandemic is going to change the world. Due to its communicable nature, it is contagious to both medically and economically. Though different contributing factors are not known yet. Herein, an effort has been made to find the correlation between temperature and different cases situation (suspected, confirmed, and death cases). For a said purpose, k-means clustering-based machine learning method has been employed on the data set from different regions of China, which has been obtained from the WHO. The novelty of this work is that we have included the temperature field in the original WHO data set and further explore the trends. The trends show the effect of temperature on each region in three different perspectives of COVID-19 – suspected, confirmed and death.
In silico Study of Pharmacological Treatments against SARS-CoV2 Main Protease
Authors: Kadil Youness , Mouhcine Mohamed , Filali Houda
Published: May 2020

The COVID-19 caused by a new type of coronavirus has emerged from China and led to thousands of death globally. Despite the efforts engaged in studying this newly emerged virus and searching for its treatment, the understanding of the COVID-19 drug and target protein interactions still represent a key challenge. At present, there is no medical treatment that has been persuasively demonstrated to improve results in patients affected by SARS-CoV2. Several molecules have demonstrated In-Vitro activity against the SARS-CoV-2 virus and/or potential clinical benefit in observational and non-randomized studies. Randomized clinical trials of an appropriate size are currently ongoing to establish the efficacy of these therapeutic proposals. Herein, concerning these diverse guidelines and therapeutic suggestions of different approaches to the treatment, this research aims to provide a molecular analysis of the interaction between the principal molecules cited in bibliography and the active protease site of the virus.
South Korea’s COVID-19 Infection Status: From the Perspective of Reconfirmation after Complete Recovery
Authors: Kang Yun-Jung , Joo Hyunjoo
Published: May 2020

COVID-19 started to occur in South Korea by an inflow of the virus from abroad, when a traveller from Wuhan, China, was first confirmed on January 19th, 2020. Although South Korea reduced the number of newly confirmed cases and is on the way to stabilizing the situation with its disease prevention policies, problems remain. The main issue is the reconfirmation of the virus after recovery. South Korean experts believe the reconfirmed cases are caused by reactivation of the virus inside the patients’ body, rather than by virus reinfection after recovery. When considering reconfirmed COVID-19 cases, it is important to keep social distancing even after treating the infection. Despite no cases of reconfirmed patients infecting others having been reported yet, re-examination of patients after recovery is thought to be pivotal to prevent reactivation.
A Lung Transcriptomic Analysis for Exploring Host Response in COVID-19
Authors: Saxena Aditya , Chaudhary Uma , Bharadwaj Alok , Wahi Nitin , Kalli Jitender Reddy , Gupta Shravya , Kumar Sparsh , Gupta Somya , Raj Utkarsh
Published: May 2020

Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Corona Virus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) rose without precedent for Wuhan, China, in December 2019. It is a kind of exceptionally pathogenic human coronavirus (HCoV) which causes zoonotic sicknesses and represents a significant risk to general wellbeing. Recognizing the hidden biology and pathogenesis of this novel coronavirus is extremely critical to comprehend as well as boosting the treatment of this deadly pandemic. The point of this study is to recognize key genes which show significant expression in the SARS-CoV-2 infected lungs as compared to healthy ones. Our analysis uncovered 149 gene-signatures that show substantial up-regulation in COVID-19 lungs. Out of these, top ten dysregulated genes STAP1, CASP5, FDCSP, CARD17, ST20, AKR1B10, CLC, KCNJ2-AS1, RNASE2 and FLG are found to be significant based on various crucial statistical factors and may end up being acceptable helpful drug targets.
Teaching Biochemistry and Molecular Biology with Virtual Reality — Lesson Creation and Student Response
Authors: Coan Heather , Goehle Geoff , Youker Robert
Published: May 2020

The commercialization of Virtual Reality (VR) hardware has enabled the use of VR as an educational tool. We describe how a VR platform was used to create molecular visualizations using standard PDB files with the purpose of delivering biochemistry and cellular biology lessons for undergraduates.  Specifically, we describe two new software modules, one for rendering molecules generated from PDB files and one for creating interactive lectures.  These modules were used to create two VR labs, one on DNA and collagen and the other on hemoglobin.  We then describe how these labs were delivered, along with surveys and quizzes, to over 100 students in undergraduate biology courses.  Student response to the labs are found to be extremely positive and the labs themselves are found to satisfy their educational objectives.
A Syllabi Analysis of Social Media for Teaching and Learning Courses
Authors: Romero-Hall Enilda , Li Linlin
Published: May 2020

The purpose of this syllabi analysis was to explore the structure of courses focused on social media and geared towards education professionals. Fourteen course syllabi from institutions located within the United States (U.S) were analyzed as part of this investigation. The results of the analysis revealed a total of 46 unique topic themes across the different courses. The findings show that the most common course objectives aimed to encourage application and practice of social media as part of a learning experience and the learners’ professional practice. In total, the syllabi listed 67 unique required readings including: non-peer reviewed publications, peer-reviewed journal articles, and textbooks. Last, the analysis of the assignments listed in the syllabi show that in these social media courses, there were a mix of traditional and non-traditional assessment methods. These non-traditional assessment methods focused on integrating social media as part of the assessment in which learners were required to create a social media account, become familiar with it, and create learning experiences incorporating a specific social media platform.
Quarantined-at-Home Teaching Experience: My E-Learning Plan and Implementation
Authors: Qamar Azher Hameed
Published: May 2020

Using my own teaching experience in quarantined-at-home settings, I describe and reflect on my e-learning plan and its implementation. I am teaching two groups of undergraduate students consisting of 80 students. I have taught half of the course content during the first half of the semester in a formal university setting. However, after the novel corona breakout, we are engaged in online teaching. In line with university guidelines and available support, I initiated my e-learning plan based on blended learning and led by the core objectives to maintain accessibility and quality. Using asynchronous and synchronous modes I used common and easily available options to enhance two-way teacher-student communication. The feedback that I received after three weeks of implementation of my e-learning plan proved my understanding of the study context as workable and realistic. My conceptual models about the objectives leading the e-learning plan and the implementation model presented in this article can be helpful for the teachers teaching social sciences for the first time in ‘quarantined’ settings.
Fostering Emerging Online Learner Persistence:
Authors: Gilpin Staci
Published: May 2020

Undergraduate students living on-campus and taking online and face-to-face courses concurrently, are the predominant consumer of online classes (Seaman et al., 2018). However, they have lower rates of persistence for online courses as compared to face-to-face courses (Hart, 2012; Xu & Jaggars, 2011). Part of the reason could be due to the mismatch between the types of interactions they prefer and what is being provided in online courses. The purpose of this literature review is to investigate the use of asynchronous and synchronous discussions as a way to address the needs of emerging online learners. Using elements of previously developed frameworks, I propose the Framework for Emerging Online Learner Persistence (FEOLP). This framework addresses the values and needs of emerging online learners through course design that has the potential to enhance social presence using student values to determine the blend of asynchronous and synchronous interactions. Given the limited research to draw from on how to design online courses, this framework and the recommendations from this article provide a starting point for the responsive design of online courses for the emerging online learner with potential application to other groups of distinct online learners.
Why Does Digital Learning Matter? Digital Competencies, Social Justice and Critical Pedagogy in Initial Teacher Education
Authors: Coker Helen
Published: May 2020

Digital tools and spaces are becoming prevalent in schools across the world requiring the development of digital skillsets for student-teachers. Digital technology, in enabling education to extend beyond the space and time boundaries of the conventional classroom (Seifert, T., Sheppard, B. Wakeham, M., 2015) , brings the digital landscape into the classroom and firmly into the frame of reference for those preparing student-teachers to enter the profession. For Initial Teacher Education (ITE) programmes which foreground social justice, the digital (technology which is linked to the internet) goes far beyond a skillset or a discrete subject. Engaging with digital learning encompasses the 21st century context - both local and global - in which student-teachers and their future pupils are situated.

Developing a critical pedagogic approach involves understanding the context in which one lives and enabling learners to challenge or change it (Freire, 1996) . For those working in ITE a postdigital lens provides a means to understand the context in which they are situated. Critical pedagogy enables student-teachers to understand that context and challenge the inequities which persist, preparing them not simply to navigate the digital landscape, but to engage with it critically. Reflecting on student-teacher learning this article explores the digital dimension, highlighting the importance of digital learning when engaging with critical pedagogy and social justice in ITE.
Transitioning University Courses Online in Response to COVID-19
Authors: Telles-Langdon David Michael
Published: May 2020

As the world reeled from the realization that a pandemic of a magnitude not seen in a century was upon us, and that physical distancing to reduce the speed of transmission was going to necessitate suspension of regular classes, university faculty members scrambled to convert their planned lectures from in-person to online formats. This article describes one faculty member’s experiences using a flipped classroom approach in a virtual teaching environment. The arrival of COVID-19 fractured the school year and put some students’ graduation in jeopardy. From a hasty search of literature on the process of teaching and evaluating in an online environment, to a selection of hardware and software to provide students with an optimal learning environment while ensuring the security and validity of online evaluation, this article will highlight some of the successes and pitfalls of a rapid transition to online instruction and evaluation. Although there is a body of literature on the process and efficacy of online teaching, the constantly evolving nature of technology not only continues to produce new online instruction tools, but also tools that can be used by students to circumvent most cheating prevention measures put in place.
The Open Page Project
Authors: Stewart Bonnie
Published: May 2020

This paper overviews an Open Educational Resource (OER) project aimed at developing digital literacies and open educational practice within a Faculty of Education. The project, titled (redacted), modelled and enacted three core digital learning principles – produsage, presence, and authentic audiences – for a broad audience of faculty and educators through the creation of videos and podcasts about educational technology tools.

Designed to enable Bachelor of Education students to work towards authentic assignments and open practice, while leading professional development for faculty and practicing teachers, (redacted) also developed student literacies in assessing and evaluating educational technology platforms. The project’s video and podcast outputs, showcased on a sub-page of the official Faculty of Education website, reflect intensive student research into the classroom uses, data implications, and differentiated learning possibilities of digital classroom tools.

The paper will introduce readers to the principles and pedagogy that shaped the design of (redacted), and examine its efforts to create a common conversation about digital learning between educators at all levels.
Punicalagin Alleviates Oxidative Stress and Pathological Changes in Brain of Mice-Fed High Fat, High Fructose Diet
Authors: Chandrasekaran Sathiya Priya  , Ramachandran Vidhya  , Kalivarathan Jagan  , Carani Venkatraman Anuradha
Published: June 2020

The present study investigated to know whether the pomegranate polyphenol punicalagin (PU) can ameliorate oxidative stress and pathological alterations induced by a calorie rich diet comprised of fat and fructose. Male Swiss albino mice were fed normal pellet (Control) or high fat-high fructose diet (HFFD) for 60 days. PU (30 or 60 mg/kg bw) was administered orally for the last 15 days for both dietary groups. Measurement of TBARS, AOPP and FRAP in plasma, histopathology of liver and brain, assessment of oxidative damage in brain tissues, and blood brain barrier function were carried out.  HFFD mice showed an increase in the levels of TBARS and AOPP, and a decline in FRAP. PU administration to HFFD mice reduced the levels of TBARS and AOPP and improved FRAP significantly. Histopathology results showed fatty changes and inflammatory infiltration in the liver of HFFD mice. Cortex and hippocampus of HFFD mice confirmed the presence of degenerating neurons with shrunken cytoplasm and pyknotic nuclei. PU treatment caused significant hepato and neuroprotective effects, and among the two doses the high dose of PU (60 mg/kg) showed more pronounced effects than the low dose (30 mg/kg). The immunohistochemical localization of the markers of oxidative damage to proteins (3-NT), lipids (4-HNE) and DNA (8-OHG) was increased in  brain tissues of HFFD mice  and upon PU  administration (60 mg/kg) the  levels  of  these oxidative  stress markers were  significantly decreased.  Our  findings  clearly  suggest  that  PU  can  modulate  oxidative  stress  and  could  be  a  potential  candidate  for  treating neurodegenerative processes associated with calorie excess.
The effect of insecticides on the total percentage of Ostrinia nubilalis Hbn attack on maize hybrids
Authors: Gosic-Dondo Snezana , Grcak Dragan , Grcak Milosav , Kondic Danijela , Hajder Djuradj , Popovic Zeljko , Knezevic Desimir
Published: June 2020

The objective of the paper was to determine the effect of insecticides on the
development of the European corn borer (Ostinia nubilalis Hbn) and the
effect of damage in six maize hybrids of different maturity groups. The
research involved the following hybrids: ZP 427, ZP 434, ZP 555, ZP 600, ZP
606 and ZP 666. In the field trial, insecticides were applied in two terms,
during the flight of O. nubilalis first generation and during the flight of
second O. nubilalis generation. We used Fobos EC insecticide and a
combination of Match 050 EC + Nurelle D insecticides, whose active
substances are different. The active substance in Fobos EC insecticide is
bifenthrin 100 g l-1, in Match 050 EC lufenuron 50 g l-1 and, in Nurelle D
insecticide, the active ingredient is a combination of chlorpyrifos 500 g
l-1 and cypermethrin 50 g l-1. The damage inflicted on plants was assessed
in July and September. Fobos insecticide had the best plant protection
effect, after its use, the arithmetic mean of the total attack percentage of
all hybrids was approximately 81.62% while in the control group, it was
approximately 91.72%.
Corrigendum: Stefanovic M., N. Karaiskou, N. Velickovic, M. Kovacevic, Z. Ristic, M. Djan (2019): Spatial genetic analysis of roe deer from the northern Serbian province of Vojvodina.- Genetika, vol 51, no.3, 1127-1138. https://doi.org/10.2298/GENSR1903127S
Authors: Editorial E
Published: June 2020

The authors of the article: Stefanovic M., N. Karaiskou, N. Velickovic, M.
Kovacevic, Z. Ristic, M. Djan (2019): Spatial genetic analysis of roe deer
from the northern Serbian province of Vojvodina.- Genetika, Vol 51, No.3,
1127-1138 have informed the Editorial Office of the errors: 1. On page
1130 line 19 instead GenBank accession numbers:KY114497-KY114515 should be
GenBank accession numbers KY114497 - KY114512. 2. On page 1133 in Table
2 instead of ? should be letter ?. 3. On page 1134 line 37 instead Fu's
FST should be Fu's FS.

 Link to the corrected article 10.2298/GENSR1903127S