bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
EVALUASI KEGIATAN BUDIDAYA MINA TIMUN DI DUSUN SAMBEREMBE KALURAHAN CANDIBINANGUN KAPANEWON PAKEM KABUPATEN SLEMAN
Authors: Khumaidi Serena Aysa Al , Retnowati Daru , Widayanto Budi
Published: September 2024

Tujuan penelitian 1) Mengevaluasi perencanaan dan pelaksanaan kegiatan mina timun oleh Poktan Ngudi Marem kepada masyarakat Dusun Samberembe 2) Mengkaji efektifitas dan efisiensi kegiatan mina timun di Dusun Samberembe. Penelitian menggunakan metode kualitatif. Teknik penentuan informan menggunakan teknik penelitian conteks, input, process, output atau CIPP. Informan dalam penelitian ini dipilih menggunakan teknis snowball yakni Ketua Kelompok Tani Ngudi Marem yakni Bapak Satriyanta, Ketua Pokdarwis Kampung Mina Padi yakni Bapak Ricky Wahid Syam, dan, Anggota Poktan Ngudi Marem yang telah menerapkan mina timun yakni Bapak Basuki Rahmat. Sumber data yang diambil yakni data primer dan sekunder. Teknik pengumpulan data yakni menggunakan wawancara, observasi, dan dokumentasi. Pengujian keabsahan data yakni menggunakan triangulasi waktu dan triangulasi sumber. Teknik analisis data menggunakann cara reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian ini 1 Dalam perencanaan dan pelaksanaan kegiatan mina timun, menggunakan: konteks meliputi program, uji coba, anggaran dan saran. Input meliputi sumberdaya, sarana prasarana, modal, dan prosedur. Proses meliputi proses dan staf. Produk meliputi tujuan, dampak, pencapaian, perbaikan dan evaluasi. 2 Kegiatan mina timun yang sedang berada dalam tahap pengembangan yang sangat efektif untuk diterapkan di Dusun Samberembe, karena perawatan yang mudah, dan hasil yang lebih banyak daripada budidaya timun konvensional. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa kegiatan mina timun Dusun Samberembe berjalan secara efektif dan efisien, akan tetapi masih perlu dikembangkan lebih lanjut untuk mendapatkan standard operational procedure atau SOP yang sesuai. Kata kunci: evaluasi, pelaksanaan, perencanaan,
Pengelolaan Kegiatan Pembangunan Fasilitas Wisata Oleh Pokdarwis Dalam Pengembangan Kampung Mina Padi Samberembe
Authors: Kurniawan Dwi Cahya , Widayanto Budi , Retnowati Daru
Published: September 2024

Tujuan penelitian adalah : 1). Mengkaji pengelolaan kegiatan dalam pengembangan Desa Wisata  Kampung Mina Padi Samberembe, 2). Mengkaji hambatan pengelolaan kegiatan dalam pengembangan Desa Wisata Kampung Mina Padi Samberembe. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif. Teknik penentuan informan menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Informan dalam penelitian ini adalah Ketua Pengurus Kampung Mina Padi Bapak Ricky Wachid Syam, Bendahara pengurus Bapak Dwi Nurrohman, dan Bapak Dodik dari Rumah Zakat yang mengurus pengelolaan dana CSR. Sumber data yang diambil menggunakan data primer. Teknik pengumpulan data yakni menggunakan teknik wawancara dan dokumentasi. Pengujian keabsahan data yakni menggunakan teknik triangulasi sumberdantriangulasiwaktu.Teknikanalisisdatamenggunakancarareduksidata, penyajiandata,danpenarikankesimpulan.Hasilpenelitianini1dalampengelolaan pembangunan fasilitas penunjang wisata di Kampung Mina Padi Samberembe menggunakan fungsi manajemen : perencanaan, pengorganisasian, pelaksanaan, dan pengawasan. 2 hambatan yang terjadi dalam pengelolaan dana seperti kurangnya kualitas Sumber Daya Manusia (SDM), kurangnya sikap keterbukaan, serta kurangnya rasa bertanggung jawab pengurus terhadap tugas yang diberikan. Pengelolaan kegiatan pembangunan dengan menerapkan fungsi manajemen membuat Kampung Mina Padi Samberembe mempunyai fasilitas wisata yang memadai dan mampu menarik wisatawan.
ANALISIS STRATEGI PEMASARAN KERIPIK JAMUR TIRAM “KOOTI” PADA PT. ROEBY RUMAH PANGAN SLEMAN DAERAH ISTIMEWA YOGYAKARTA
Authors: Rahayu Indah Miranti , Senjawati Nanik Dara , Suprihanti Antik
Published: September 2024

This study aimed to (1) identify internal and external factors that effect to the marketing of “Kooti” mushroom chips at the Roeby House, (2)analyze the marketing strategy of “Kooti” mushroom chips at Roeby House. The research method used descriptive method. The type of research was case study. Respondents were taken by using purposive sampling method. The data used are primary data and secondary data. The data sources methods used Focus Group Discussion (FGD), interviews, questionnaires, observations, and literature studies. Technical analysis used Internal Factor Evaluation (IFE) matrix, External Factor Evaluation (EFE). Internal External (IE) Matrix. Strength, Weakness, Opportunities, and Threats (SWOT) Matrix, and Quantitative Strategic Planning Matrix (QSPM). Result of the research showed that (1) Internal factors in the marketing business of "Kooti" mushroom chips at Roeby House were the product had save ingredients, attractive packaging, got an PIRT and had halal certificates, but human resources was not specialized yet according to the field of work, product brand was unpopular, and financial accounting had not good administrated. The external factor was had the opportunity for the promotion through internet, meanwhile the threats were more competitors with innovative products and the changes of consumer tastes. (2) Marketing strategies that can be used is maintaining and improving product quality.Keywords: Marketing Strategy, Mushroom Chips, SWOT
Analisis Faktor-Faktor Keputusan Pembelian Konsumen Susu Almond di Ralalii Food Yogyakarta
Authors: Achmada Aurora Yupita , Senjawati Nanik Dara , Suprihanti Antik
Published: September 2024

This study aimed to analyze the effect of motivation, social strata, reference groups, lifestyle, and perceptions to consumer purchase decisions in purchasing almond milk products at Ralalii Food. The research method used a descriptive analysis method with a case study approach. The method of determining respondents used a non-probability sampling method with an incidental sampling approach. Total respondents 100 consumer divided into 50 consumers who purchased and 50 consumers who didn’t purchase Ralalii almond milk. The data used primary data and secondary data. Methods of data collection consists of observation, interviews, and documentation with questionnaires. This study used logistic regression analysis and descriptive analysis. The results showed that lifestyle and consumer perceptions influenced consumers’s purchasing decisions for almond milk products in RalaliiKeywords: Almond Milk, Consumer, Purchase Decisions
PERUBAHAN INTERAKSIONAL MASYARAKAT ( Studi Kasus Desa Wisata Plosokuning Desa Bangunkerto Kecamatan Turi Kabupaten Sleman)
Authors: Br. Sembiring Icha Novita , Murdiyanto Eko , Widayanto Budi
Published: September 2024

This research aims to 1 Examine the process of interactional change on community of Plosokuning Tourism Village 2 Examine the forms of interactional on community of Plosokuning Tourism Village. This research uses a qualitative method with a case of study approach. Determinantion of data sources was done purposive namely chairman of Plosokuning Tourism Village, the community of Plosokuning, and the staff of Plosokuning Tourism Villlage. The data used in this study are primary data and secondar data. Data collection tehcniques with observation, interviews and documentation by testing validity of data using triangulation sources. Data analysis technique with collecting data, data reduction, data presentation, and withdrawal of conclusion and verification. The result of the research are 1 the interactional changes that occur in the Plosokuning Tourism Village can be seen from the social contact and social communication that occur between the community of Plosokuning 2 The interactional changes that occur in the Plosokuning Tourism Village are associative changes. Keywords: Community, Interactional, Plosokuning Village
Analisis Efisiensi Pemasaran Kripik Belut pada UMKM Citra Rasa di Desa Margoluwih Kapanewon Seyegan Kabupaten Sleman
Authors: Setyawan Isa , Widowati Indah
Published: September 2024

AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk, 1. Menganalisis margin pemasaran masing-masing saluran pemasaran kripik belut pada UMKM Citra Rasa; 2. Menganalisis efisiensi pemasaran kripik belut Citra Rasa pada masing-masing saluran pemasaran yang ada. Metode dasar yang digunakan adalah metode deskriptif. Metode pelaksanaan penelitian ini menggunakan metode survey. Metode penentuan lokasi adalah dengan metode study kasus. Metode pengambilan sampel produsen menggunakan metode purposive sampling. Sampel pedagang perantara dan konsumen ditentukan dengan metode snowball sampling. Metode pengumpulan data dengan wawancara, kuesioner, data primer dan data sekunder. Hasil penelitian pada saluran pemasaran pendek, diperoleh margin sebesar Rp 17.750/kg. Saluran pemasaran panjang, margin pedagang pengumpul sebesar Rp 12.000, dan pedagang pengecer diperoleh margin sebesar Rp 10.000/kg. Saluran pemasaran pendek yang paling efisien dengan nilai efisiensi 13,68%. Kata Kunci: Efisiensi Pemasaran, Margin Pemasaran, Kripik Belut
SEGMENTING, TARGETING, POSITIONING DAN BAURAN PEMASARAN YOGHURT YOGURI PADA CV NATURA UTAMA YOGYAKARTA
Authors: Wulandari Septi , Budiarto Budiarto , Utami Heni Handri
Published: September 2024

CV Natura Utama merupakan UKM yang bergerak dibidang pengolahan yoghurt yang berada di Yogyakarta sejak tahun 2008. Namun, produk yang diproduksi belum dikenal oleh masyarakat luas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk (1) mendeskripsikan segmenting, targeting, dan positioning yang diterapkan oleh CV Natura Utama dan (2) mendeskripsikan bauran pemasaran yang saat ini dilakukan oleh CV Natura Utama. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif dengan menggunakan metode survey. Penentuan responden dilakukan secara purposive, yaitu pemilik usaha, manajer pemasaran, dan admin. Jenis data yang digunakan, yaitu data primer dan sekunder. Data diperoleh melalui wawancara, observasi dan dokumentasi. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan yaitu deskriptif. Hasil dari penelitian ini, yaitu segmenting yang saat ini diterapkan oleh CV natura Utama meliputu konsumen yang berada diwilayah Jawa dan Bali, jenis kelamin wanita, usia 15-30 tahun, kelas sosial menengah atas, dan berorientasi pada kesehatan. Targeting yang diterapkan, yaitu orang yang berorientasi pada kesehatan.  Positing yang diterapkan, yaitu produk yoghurt yang kaya probiotik dengan citarasa khas karena kekentalannya. Produk utama yang diproduksi oleh CV Natura Utama adalah yoghurt, harga jual didasarkan pada lini produk yoghurt Yoguri. Pendistribusian dilakukan secara langsung dan tidak langsung. Promosi yang dilakukan melalui personal selling dan sales promotion.
Dinamika Kelompok dalam Program Desa Mandiri Pangan (Studi kasus pada Kelompok Tani Sari Makmur di Padukuhan Sawungan Hargobinangun Sleman)
Authors: Widyastuti Katrina Davida , Murdiyanto Eko
Published: September 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji dinamika kelompok tani dalam program desa mandiri pangan yang terjadi pada Kelompok Tani Sari Makmur. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan menggunakan metode studi kasus. Teknik dalam menentukan informan secara purposive sampling. Informan  dalam penelitian ini adalah ketua kelompok tani sari makmur yaitu Bapak Budi Hardani sebagai informan kunci, anggota kelompok tani sari Makmur yaitu Ibu Sulis dan Ibu Sumarti sebagai pengurus inti dan Bapak Tri Mayang dan Bapak Krisno sebagai anggota kelompok tani. Kepala Dusun Sawungan yaitu Bapak Sutriwanto dan Pendamping kegiatan program (BPP) yaitu Bapak Wahyudi sebagai informan pendukung. Teknik pengumpulan data yaitu dengan observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi dengan keabsahan sata menggunakan triangulasi sumber. Hasil penelitian menunjukan 1) Dinamika kelompok yang terjadi pada kelompok tani Sari Makmur terhadap berjalannya program masih belum dikatakan dinamis, karena sesuai dengan indikator dinamika kelompok yaitu tujuan kelompok, peranan fungsional anggota kelompok, kekompakan kelompok suasana kelompok, pembinaan kelompok, tekanan dalam kelompok, dan efektivitas kelompok terdapat beberapa indikator yang belum memenuhi kriteria dinamis. Indikator tersebut antara lain adalah tujuan kelompok, peranan fungsional anggota kelompok, dan efektivitas kelompok yang belum sesuai dengan kriteria dinamis.
Bentuk Perubahan Interkasional Masyarakat di Desa Wisata Tinalah
Authors: Yuliani Mylisa Dwi , Rini Wulandari Dwi Etika
Published: September 2024

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi adanya pengunjung yang berdatangan dan berinteraksi dengan masyarakat yang ada di Desa Wisata Tinalah. Interaksi yang terjadi antara pengunjung dan masyarakat menyebabkan adanya pertemuan dua budaya atau lebih yang menyebabkan perubahan interaksional. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji bentuk perubahan interaksional yang terjadi pada masyarakat di Desa Wisata Tinalah. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode studi kasus. Teknik penentuan informan secara purposive sampling dengan ketua Desa Wisata Tinalah sebagai informan kunci, masyarakat Desa Purwoharjo dan anggota aktif pengurus Desa Wisata Tinalah sebagai informan utama, serta pendiri Desa Wisata Tinalah sebagai informan pendukung. Sumber data yang digunakan adalah data primer dan sekunder. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi dengan pengujian keabsahan data menggunakan triangulasi sumber. Teknik analisis data yaitu dengan mengumpulkan data, mereduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa bentuk perubahan interaksional yang terjadi pada masyarakat berupa kerja sama yaitu gotong royong. Kerja sama dalam gotong royong yang terjadi mengakibatkan persatuan keakraban dan keeratan antar masyarakat maka terjadi perubahan interaksional yang bersifat asosiatif.
Pengaruh Faktor Sikap, Gaya Hidup, Budaya, Kelompok Acuan, Media Terhadap Keputusan Pembelian Konsumen Cokelat Premium Di Won.dis Cokelat
Authors: Hapsari Deliana Putri , Senjawati Nanik Dara , Utami Heni Handri
Published: September 2024

UMKM Won.dis Cokelat has a wide range of processed chocolate products with a variety of flavors making the majority of consumers Won.dis Cokelat prefer to buy the highest selling or best-selling products. The premium chocolate variant is a product with little sales. By looking at the small sales, companies need to pay attention to what factors influence consumers' decisions in making purchases of Premium Chocolate products. The purpose of this research was to determine the factors that influence consumers in making purchase decisions on Premium Chocolate products. The method used is a quantitative research method with a case study approach. The sampling method used a nonprobability sampling method with accidental sampling technique. The number of samples used in this study was 100 respondents. The data sources used are primary data and secondary data. Data collection techniques use interviews and questionnaires. The analytical techniques used are descriptive analysis and logistic regression analysis. The Result showed that: 1) variables of attitude, lifestyle, culture, reference groups and media influence together on the purchase decision of Premium Chocolate products at UMKM Won.dis Cokelat. 2) variables of attitude, lifestyle and media partially affect the purchasing decision of Premium Chocolate products at UMKM Won.dis Cokelat.
An Insight into the Potential Challenges and Solutions to Scanning Patients Suffering from Mental Illnesses
Authors: Roy Tessa
Published: September 2024

Mental illness encompasses an array of conditions that affect a large population; This essay aims to identify various sonography-related challenges posed by patients suffering from mental illnesses and offers insight into potential solutions. By identifying realistic interpersonal and intrapersonal barriers, one can become educated in potential skills and techniques to relieve such challenges. In doing so, sonographers can aim to improve the overall health care experience of these individuals by improving patient interactions, reducing grievances, and establishing continuity of care.
Ultrasound of Neck Lumps in Children
Authors: Hurteau-Miller Julie
Published: September 2024

Neck lumps in children are a frequent problem. Although usually benign, leyó are related to a malignancy. After a good history and physical examination, ultrasound is usually the modality of choice for further investigation. Because malignant neck lumps may have a rather benign or non-specific appearance on ultrasound, it is important to have an ultrasound approach based on the differential diagnosis of these lesions. From literature review and personal experience, the clinical and imaging characteristics of the most common pediatric neck lumps are reviewed in this article. The important role of the sonographer is to delineate the extent of the lesion and document certain characteristics that will help the radiologist differentiate a classic benign lesion from a non-specific or suspicious lesion needing further investigation.
“Troublesome Performers, Beautiful Fighters”: Bringing to Life the Kolonial-Ausstellung of 1896 at the Museum and Beyond
Authors: Sieg Katrin
Published: September 2024

In 2017 the exhibition ZurückGESCHAUT, produced by the district Museum Treptow in Berlin, made history when it partnered with antiracist organizations to tell the story of participants in a Völkerschau that had taken place in 1896. It was the first time that a German museum incorporated a critical view of German colonialism in its permanent exhibition and interwove local and global history. The exhibition inspired an artistic audio project, ZurückERZÄHLT (2019), and was subsequently revised (2021). The three projects grappled very differently with challenging source material, a set of anthropological photographs of participants. The article analyses the choices made by museum curators, activists, and artists who cooperated in these innovative, interlocking memory projects. It argues that the cooperation helped the museum relate the hard truths of colonial violence without reproducing that violence in the exhibition space.
Towards Prosperity and Peace: The Beginnings of the European Project in the West German Governmental PR Film Der erste Schritt
Authors: Uelzmann Jan
Published: September 2024

Films that advertised the rising status of the Federal Republic of Germany (FRG) as a partner in Western economic and military alliances were an integral item of the Adenauer administration’s PR arsenal. Produced through the state-funded newsreel system Deutsche Wochenschau under the direction of the Federal Press Office, these films provided an effective way to reach out to the electorate and explain and highlight the successes of democracy in a post-fascist country. PR films also emphasized the FRG’s role as an integral partner in the emerging European project. This article examines Der erste Schritt: Die Geschichte eines Briefes, a 1951 film advertising the Schuman Declaration as the necessary “first step” to overcome the socio-economic devastation of postwar Europe. The film reveals its producers’ agenda to manipulate the collective memory of the war-ridden Franco-German Erbfeindschaft and replace memories of animosities with images of pragmatic cooperation. Through a focus on the First World War as a tragic, but heroically fought confrontation between the nations, the film helps its audiences bridge the more recent and more conflicted Second World War past. The film’s narrative argues for a unified Europe by vividly describing its absence vis-à-vis the post-Second World War destruction in central Europe, and by drawing favourable comparisons with the large, unified economic territory of the United States. Compared to later PR films that accompanied Konrad Adenauer’s and Charles de Gaulle’s policy of reconciliation in the early sixties, Der erste Schritt in 1951 does not try to manufacture an image of friendship between the two countries. Instead, through the sentimental frame narrative of a letter by a young French woman to a West German politician, the film’s narrative insists that only economic cooperation, the abolition of inner-European borders, and the sharing of resources can lay the foundation for lasting peace and prosperity in a war-torn Europe. The article closes with an overview on how the film was used in PR deployments that advertised the European project. In sum, Der erste Schritt provides an important perspective on the Adenauer administration’s early imaginations of Europe, and how these images were put to work to further the FRG’s still ongoing process of consolidation during its founding years.
A system for finding identical geometries when building 3-D models
Authors: Pronina O. , Aynahoz A.
Published: September 2024

In today's fast-paced world of technology, where innovation plays a crucial role in our daily lives, the importance of search engines for identical models cannot be overstated. Every day, technological progress is becoming an integral part of our existence, penetrating various aspects of our lives. In this context, the search and identification of identical or similar 3D models become particularly relevant and become an integral part of innovative technologies. This article is an in-depth study in the field of creating and describing a mathematical model to search for similar 3D models. Developed using advanced comparison algorithms, this model has enormous potential and can be used in a variety of fields. It is important to emphasize that it is not limited to just one area of application, but finds its application in many areas of human activity. The application of such algorithms is important in various fields, including automated manufacturing, where accuracy and speed of component identification and classification are critical. They also find use in archaeology, where they help in the analysis and study of artifacts and structures. Architecture is also seeing great benefit from these innovations, allowing for more complex and detailed 3D models to be created for design and visualization. The new approach presented in the paper is based on an optimized matching algorithm that enables accurate recognition of geometric structures associated with 3D models without complex data preprocessing or image enhancement. This is a significant step forward in improving the efficiency and accuracy of identifying similar 3D models, even in low-resolution images. However, the application of this model is not limited to these areas. Its integration into real-time systems allows for the identification and classification of both individual 3D objects and complex 3D scenes created from image or video sequences. This is of great importance for the development of virtual and augmented reality technologies, where a high degree of detail and identification is necessary to create captivating and realistic visual effects. Thus, the presented mathematical model and the corresponding software open up enormous prospects for us in various fields. This is an important step forward in the development of technologies related to computer vision and image processing, as well as in the field of virtual and augmented reality, promoting progress and innovation
The angle stabilization system of the self-balancing robot
Authors: Chernysh H.O. , Savenko O.S.
Published: September 2024

The article is devoted to the consideration of the tilt angle stabilization system of a self-balancing robot. The object of research is self-balancing robots, and the subject is systems for stabilizing their tilt angle. A comprehensive analysis of the principles and algorithms used to ensure the stability of the robot when the tilt angle is changed is presented. The technical solutions underlying the stabilization system were studied and their effectiveness in relation to maintaining the robot in a vertical position was analyzed. A mathematical model is presented in which the self-balancing robot is represented as an inverted pendulum, i.e. a two-wheeled vehicle balances itself in a vertical position relative to the ground. It is assumed that the structure moves without friction. The main equations describing the movement of the balancing robot, taking into account the dynamics of the pendulum and the wheel, were obtained. As a regulator, the LQR regulator is proposed, which provides optimal control of a closed-loop system. The workability of the model and the proposed stabilization system was verified using simulation modeling. As a result of simulated modeling, oscillograms were obtained, which demonstrate that after an exciting effect, the system stabilizes and enters an equilibrium state. A controllability test was performed, which showed that the proposed controller can effectively control the system. Controllability ensures that a system can be subjected to a control signal in order to achieve the desired behavior. An example of the practical implementation of the robot and selected main components are presented
On some methods of determining proper frequencies torsional oscillations in metal-working machines
Authors: Karpenko T.M. , Shishkin V.V.
Published: September 2024

Forced torsional vibrations that occur in machine tool drives are one of the pressing problems of modern machine tool industry. The reasons for these fluctuations may be imbalances of rotating masses, structural imperfections of bearing units, operating or technological process features (for metal-cutting machines – eccentric clamping of the workpiece, processing of non-round workpieces, etc.). In this work, using the example of a real metal-cutting machine, the task of dynamic analysis of the drive of the main movement of the machine with determination of the natural frequencies of torsional vibrations is realized. The real object is replaced by a dynamic model (DM). When constructing the DM, the inertial and rigidity characteristics are determined from the conditions: – the kinetic energy of the object is equivalent to the kinetic energy of the DM (from this condition the axial moments of inertia of the concentrated masses of the row model are obtained); – the potential energy of elastic deformations of the object is equivalent to the potential energy of deformation of the DM (from this condition the rigidity coefficients of the DM are obtained). The natural frequencies of the row DM were determined in three ways: 1) by solving the frequency equation (exact method) in combination with the method of reducing the number of masses of A.P. Cherevkov; 2) partial systems method (fundamental frequency only); 3) method of residuals (Tolle). The following conclusions were made: 1) the main (smaller) frequency can be found by any of the methods considered (since the results of the three methods coincided); 2) when simplifying the DM using the method of partial systems, the criterion for the possibility of further simplifications over the specified frequency range should be taken into account; the transition from a three-mass DM to a two-mass one if the criterion in this calculation was not met led to an error in determining the value of the fundamental frequency of about 10%; 3) dynamic calculations of machines using DM and methods for determining natural frequencies make it possible, based on known frequencies of disturbing forces, to identify possible near-resonant operating modes and avoid them in advance by making changes to the design of the machine at the design stage
The phenomenon of thermodiffusion in liquid and solid metals in the works of O. M. Skrebtsov
Authors: Dan L. , Trofimova L.
Published: September 2024

The year 2024 marks the 100th anniversary of a world-renowned scientist, our countryman, Professor Olexandr Mikhailovich Skrebtsov. In addition to research on the use of radioactive isotopes in metallurgy and the development of the theory of the liquid state of metal melts, he paid considerable attention to the phenomenon of thermodiffusion in liquid and solid metals. This paper is devoted to the analysis of this part of the scientific heritage of O. M. Skrebtsov. The movement of atoms under the action of a temperature gradient (thermodiffusion) occurs during various natural phenomena and in many technological processes. However, when studying the driving forces and mechanisms of thermodiffusion, as a rule, the academic approach prevailed. This allowed the theory of thermodiffusion to be well enough developed concerning gases, salt solutions, and solid metals. This article is focused on the analysis of research aimed at the possibility of practical use of this phenomenon to improve the service life of parts operating under conditions of a temperature gradient and optimize processes occurring with a temperature gradient. Such processes occur in metallurgical units, accompanying bimetallic casting, welding, surfacing, etc. Based on the analysis of the experimental data available in the literature, a relationship between the heat of thermodiffusion and the ratio of the atomic radii of the diffusing elements, Rd, and the base metal, Rb, was found. The fundamental possibility of using thermodiffusion for controlling the desulfurization processes in liquid cast iron and creating protective coatings on gray cast iron parts during their operation at high temperatures was also shown
Acceso a la justicia para grupos prioritarios: una evaluación de los resultados del centro de apoyo de la Universidad San Gregorio de Portoviejo
Authors: Vera Mendoza Cristina Madelaine , Pérez Cobo Gyomar Beatriz
Published: September 2024

Introducción: El Centro de Apoyo para Grupos de Atención Prioritaria del Consultorio Jurídico Gratuito de la Universidad San Gregorio de Portoviejo se enfoca en proporcionar asesoría legal y patrocinio jurídico gratuito a grupos vulnerables. Su objetivo principal es garantizar el acceso a la justicia y la defensa de los derechos de estos grupos. Metodología: El estudio utiliza un enfoque cuantitativo, basado en los datos recopilados por el Centro de Apoyo y los informes enviados a la Defensoría Pública. Las actividades analizadas incluyen asesoría legal, patrocinio jurídico, seguimiento de causas, gestión de archivos y comparecencias en audiencias. Resultados: Desde su apertura en mayo de 2022 hasta abril de 2024, el Centro ha demostrado un crecimiento significativo en sus operaciones. En 2023, atendió a 556 usuarios, en comparación con 99 en 2022. Los casos más frecuentes fueron maltrato infantil (57,4%), violencia contra la mujer (35,7%), registro migratorio (5,9%) y maltrato a adultos mayores (1,8%). Además, el Centro mostró un alto nivel de eficacia, con un 65.3% de fallos favorables en 2023 y solo un 2.2% desfavorables. Discusión: Estos resultados destacan la efectividad del Centro en proporcionar servicios jurídicos a los grupos vulnerables. El crecimiento en el número de usuarios atendidos y el alto porcentaje de resoluciones favorables reflejan la importancia y el impacto del Centro en la comunidad. Conclusiones: Los hallazgos subrayan la necesidad de continuar y expandir las operaciones del Centro para seguir garantizando la defensa de los derechos de los grupos vulnerables. La eficacia demostrada en las resoluciones sugiere que el Centro cumple un papel crucial en el acceso a la justicia para estas poblaciones.
Low molecular inverse agonist of the thyrotropin receptor is active both intraperitoneal and oral administration
Authors: Derkach K. V. , Bakhtyukov A. A. , Sorokoumov V. N. , Lebedev I. A. , Didenko E. A. , Shpakov A. O.
Published: September 2024

Autoimmune hyperthyroidism (Graves’ disease), which is caused by stimulating autoantibodies to the thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) receptor, and thyroid gland (TG) tumors, caused by constitutively increased activity of this receptor, are widespread and have a poor prognosis. The drugs used to treat them are not very effective and have many side effects. One of the approaches for the treatment of these thyroid diseases may be the use of allosteric regulators of the TSH receptor with the activity of inverse agonists. The purpose of the work was to study the effects of our previously developed compound TP48 and the new compound TPY5, belonging to the class of thieno[2,3-d]-pyrimidines, on the basal and thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH)-stimulated levels of thyroid hormones (THs) in the blood of rats and on the expression of genes responsible for the synthesis of THs in the TG. The effectiveness of TP48 and TPY5 was studied both with intraperitoneal (i.p., 20 mg/kg) and oral (40 mg/kg) administration. Using ELISA, the levels of free (fT4) and total (tT4) thyroxine and free (fT3) and total (tT3) triiodothyronine in the blood were assessed, including during TRH stimulation (intranasally, 300 μg/kg). The gene expression for thyroid peroxidase (Tpo), thyroglobulin (Tg), Na+/I–-symporter (Nis), type 2 deiodinase (Dio2) and TSH receptor (Tshr) in the TG was assessed using PCR. TPY5, with both routes of administration, reduced both basal and TRH-stimulated TH levels, while TP48 suppressed TH production only with i.p. administration. Orally administered TPY5 significantly reduced basal Tpo gene expression and TRH-stimulated Tg and Dio2 gene expression. I.p. administered TP48 reduced only TRH-stimulated expression of the Tg and Dio2 genes. Quite surprisingly, TPY5 (oral) and TP48 (i.p.) reduced basal Tshr gene expression and did not prevent its inhibition by TRH. Thus, the TPY5 compound we developed has the activity of an inverse agonist of the TSH receptor, is effective when administered orally, which is more in demand in medicine, and can be considered as a prototype of drugs to treat autoimmune hyperthyroidism and thyroid tumors.
Cardarin effect on the formation of histopathological and behavioral abnormalities in the lithium-pilocarpine model of temporal lobe epilepsy in rats
Authors: Subkhankulov M. R. , Sinyak D. S. , Guk V. A. , Postnikova T. Yu. , Roginskaya A. I. , Zubareva O. E.
Published: September 2024

Epilepsy is a severe neuropsychological disease accompanied by the development of spontaneous recurrent seizures (SRS) and associated behavioral disorders that are difficult to treat. In recent years, the neuroprotective properties of agonists of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPAR α, β/δ, γ), nuclear transcription factors involved in the regulation of lipid and carbohydrate metabolism, as well as inflammatory signaling pathways involved in the pathogenesis of epilepsy, have been actively investigated. The neuroprotective properties of PPARγ agonists have been repeatedly described in models of epilepsy; the effects of PPARβ/δ agonists in these models have not been sufficiently investigated. The aim of this work was to study the effects of administering the PPARβ/δ agonist cardarin on the formation of histopathological and behavioral abnormalities in the lithium-pilocarpine model of temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE). The lithium-pilocarpine model is one of the best experimental models of chronic temporal lobe epilepsy. In this study, epilepsy was induced by administration of pilocarpine to male Wistar rats at the age of 7 weeks one day after LiCl injection. Cardarin (2.5 mg/kg) was administered daily for 7 days after pilocarpine, with the first injection one day after pilocarpine injection. Behavioral testing was performed 2‒3 months after induction of the model in the following tests: Open Field, Resident Stranger, New Object Exploration, Y Maze Spontaneous Alternation and Morris Water Maze. Brain sampling for histological studies (assessment of neuronal death, Nissl staining) was performed after the end of behavioral experiments, 95 days after TLE induction. It was shown that untreated rats with TLE exhibited significant hippocampal neuron death and behavioral disorders: increased motor activity, anxiety, memory disorders, research and communicative behavior. Caradrin did not affect the survival rate of hippocampal neurons, but reduced the manifestation of almost all the above-mentioned behavioral disorders, except for hyperactivity. Thus, this study demonstrated the promising use of PPARβ/δ agonists to attenuate the development of behavioral disorders characteristic of epilepsy.
Features of reactions to stress in rats with passive-defense behavior after light desynchronosis and physical activity
Authors: Tomova Т. А. , Gostyukhina А. А. , Zamoshchina Т. А. , Svetlik М. V. , Blazhko N. D. , Medvedeva Е. V. , Ogorodnikov S. А. , Yartsev V. V. , Zaitsev К. V.
Published: September 2024

An assessment was made of hematological parameters of peripheral blood and structural and functional changes in the adrenal glands in stress-unresistant rats (passive-defensive type of behavior in the open field test) after exposure to light deprivation and physical activity during the spring equinox. The experiment showed that light deprivation for 10 days reduces the total number of leukocytes, the absolute content of monocytes, granulocytes, lymphocytes and the level of corticosterone in the peripheral blood compared to the intact group, that was on a natural lighting regime. Histological analysis of the adrenal glands of this group showed, that in the zona fasciculata under such conditions there was nuclear hypertrophy, an increase in the nuclear-cytoplasmic ratio of adrenocorticocytes and a decrease in the size of the zona glomerulosa of the adrenal cortex of rats in relation to the intact group. Physical activity in the form of forced swimming until complete fatigue for 5 days in a row in natural light in stress-unresistant rats did not change the parameters of the peripheral blood of animals, however it led to an increase in the area of the cytoplasm, the nuclear-cytoplasmic ratio, as well as the formation of hypertrophy of the nuclei of adrenocorticocytes in the fascicle adrenal zones, which indicated the preparation of cells for increased synthetic activity. Keeping rats for 10 days in complete darkness before forced swimming every day for 5 days, on the one hand, formed a hypoxic state and exhaustion of the adrenal glands, on the other hand, stabilized the leukocyte pool of peripheral blood compared to similar indicators in intact rats.
The efficacy of ultrasonography-guided oxygen-ozone therapy versus corticosteroids in patients with knee osteoarthritis: A multicenter randomized controlled trial
Authors: Aslan Sefa Gümrük , de Sire Alessandro , Köylü Sinem Uyar , Tezen Özge , Atar Merve Örücü , Korkmaz Nurdan , Lippi Lorenzo , Invernizzi Marco , Longo Umile Giuseppe , Kesikburun Serdar
Published: September 2024

BACKGROUND: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a widely-known disease distinguished by the breakdown of joint cartilage, leading to pain and morning stiffness. In this context, the role of corticosteroids is well known, but there is still a gap of knowledge on the duty of oxygen-ozone therapy (O2-O3). OBJECTIVE: To evaluate for effectiveness of ultrasound-guided O2-O3 injections compared with corticosteroid injections among patients diagnosed with knee OA. METHODS: This randomized controlled clinical trial was conducted on participants with knee OA who were randomly sorted into two groups: group A, undergoing corticosteroid group (n= 47) and group B, undergoing O2-O3 (n= 49) were injected within the knee joint under ultrasound guidance. The primary outcome measure was the change in the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis (WOMAC) score between baseline and 12-weeks post-injection. Secondary outcome measures included visual analog scale scores, joint effusion and a knee flexion ROM. Assessments were recorded at baseline and 4-weeks and 12-weeks post-injection. For the examination of intra- and inter-group variations at various time points, a repeated-measure analysis of variance (two-way ANOVA) was employed. RESULTS: Ninety-six participants completed this study. Based on repeated measurement analysis of variance, a significant effect of time was found for all outcome measures in both groups. Both groups showed clinically significant improvements in knee pain, quality of life and, function. Baseline, 4-week post-injection and 12-week post-injection WOMAC scores (mean ± standard deviation) were 72.54 ± 18.89, 45,95 ± 13.30 and 37.10 ± 19.87 (p= 0.00, p= 0.00, p= 0.00; respectively) in the corticosteroid group, respectively and 68.23 ± 20.18, 42.99 ± 18.67, and 33.43 ± 18.24 (p= 0.00, p= 0.00, p= 0.00; respectively) in the ozone group, respectively. However, no significant group × time interaction was determined regarding all outcome measures. CONCLUSION: The study demonstrates the efficacy of O2-O3 compared to steroid injections regarding functioning and pain relief among patients with diagnosed knee OA.
Ensuring Soil Security to Secure Our Planetary Future$
Authors: Mulvey Freya , Mulvey Philip
Published: September 2024

Turning the dirt, we have cultivated back into soil is critical to securing our planetary future. The world’s principal existential challenges – food, water and energy security, climate change abatement, biodiversity protection and human health1 – are all underpinned by soil dysfunction. Yet, little is known about soil function, soil services and threats to soil, or how the state of our soils, determined by land use and land management, cause desertification and climate change. As greenhouse gases are transparent to incoming solar radiation, we must mitigate excess atmospheric heat by reducing the amount of organic matter mined from the soil, because when the sun’s rays fall on exposed, drained, baked dry soil, most of the solar radiation is converted from latent heat to sensible heat. Soil specific policy and legislation must be developed to regulate sources of excess sensible heat, consistent with limiting global temperature rise to 1.5°C above pre-industrial levels. Through soil security, we can deliver a better present and safeguard our planetary future.
Path Integration Detects Prodromal Alzheimer’s Disease and Predicts Cognitive Decline
Authors: Hanyu Haruo , Koyama Yumi , Umekida Kazuki , Watanabe Sadayoshi , Matsuda Hiroshi , Koike Riki , Takashima Akihiko
Published: September 2024

Background:

The entorhinal cortex is the very earliest involvement of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Grid cells in the medial entorhinal cortex form part of the spatial navigation system.

Objective:

We aimed to determine whether path integration performance can be used to detect patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) at high risk of developing AD, and whether it can predict cognitive decline.

Methods:

Path integration performance was assessed in 71 patients with early MCI (EMCI) and late MCI (LMCI) using a recently developed 3D virtual reality navigation task. Patients with LMCI were further divided into those displaying characteristic brain imaging features of AD, including medial temporal lobe atrophy on magnetic resonance imaging and posterior hypoperfusion on single-photon emission tomography (LMCI+), and those not displaying such features (LMCI–).

Results:

Path integration performance was significantly lower in patients with LMCI+than in those with EMCI and LMCI–. A significantly lower performance was observed in patients who showed progression of MCI during 12 months, than in those with stable MCI. Path integration performance distinguished patients with progressive MCI from those with stable MCI, with a high classification accuracy (a sensitivity of 0.88 and a specificity of 0.70).

Conclusions:

Our results suggest that the 3D virtual reality navigation task detects prodromal AD patients and predicts cognitive decline after 12 months. Our navigation task, which is simple, short (12–15 minutes), noninvasive, and inexpensive, may be a screening tool for therapeutic choice of disease-modifiers in individuals with prodromal AD.
Limbic Network Derangement Mediates Unawareness of Apathy in Mild Cognitive Impairment due to Alzheimer’s Disease: Clues from [18F]FDG PET Voxel-Wise Analysis
Authors: Kreshpa Wendy , Raffa Stefano , Girtler Nicola , Brugnolo Andrea , Mattioli Pietro , Orso Beatrice , Calizzano Francesco , Arnaldi Dario , Peira Enrico , Chincarini Andrea , Tagliafico Luca , Monacelli Fiammetta , Calcagno Pietro , Serafini Gianluca , Gotta Fabio , Mandich Paola , Pretta Stefano , Del Sette Massimo , Sofia Luca , Sambuceti Gianmario , Morbelli Silvia , Schenone Angelo , Massa Federico , Pardini Matteo ,   Dementia Disease Management Team of the IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Argenti Lucia , Biffa Gabriella , Bosinelli Francesca , Bozzo Giulia , Castellan Lucio , Castellini Paola , Colombo Barbara , Gandoglia Ilaria , Giacomini Gabriele , Lombardo Lorenzo , Losa Mattia , Mancini Raffaele , Murialdo Alessandra , Nencioni Alessio , Nozza Paolo , Origone Paola , Pelagotti Virginia , Roccatagliata Luca
Published: September 2024

Background:

Discrepancy between caregiver and patient assessments of apathy in mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is considered an index of apathy unawareness, independently predicting progression to AD dementia. However, its neural underpinning are uninvestigated.

Objective:

To explore the [18F]FDG PET-based metabolic correlates of apathy unawareness measured through the discrepancy between caregiver and patient self-report, in patients diagnosed with MCI.

Methods:

We retrospectively studied 28 patients with an intermediate or high likelihood of MCI-AD, progressed to dementia over an average of two years, whose degree of apathy was evaluated by means of the Apathy Evaluation Scale (AES) for both patients (PT-AES) and caregivers (CG-AES). Voxel-based analysis at baseline was used to obtain distinct volumes of interest (VOIs) correlated with PT-AES, CG-AES, or their absolute difference (DISCR-AES). The resulting DISCR-AES VOI count densities were used as covariates in an inter-regional correlation analysis (IRCA) in MCI-AD patients and a group of matched healthy controls (HC).

Results:

DISCR-AES negatively correlated with metabolism in bilateral parahippocampal gyrus, posterior cingulate cortex, and thalamus, PT-AES score with frontal and anterior cingulate areas, while there was no significant correlation between CG-AES and brain metabolism. IRCA revealed that MCI-AD patients exhibited reduced metabolic/functional correlations of the DISCR-AES VOI with the right cingulate gyrus and its anterior projections compared to HC.

Conclusions:

Apathy unawareness entails early disruption of the limbic circuitry rather than the classical frontal-subcortical pathways typically associated with apathy. This reaffirms apathy unawareness as an early and independent measure in MCI-AD, marked by distinct pathophysiological alterations.
A Novel Score to Predict Individual Risk for Future Alzheimer’s Disease: A Longitudinal Study of the ADNI Cohort
Authors: Guo Hongxiu ,   for the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative,   the Alzheimer’s Disease Metabolomics Consortium, Sun Shangqi , Yang Yang , Ma Rong , Wang Cailin , Zheng Siyi , Wang Xiufeng , Li Gang
Published: September 2024

Background: Identifying high-risk individuals with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) who are likely to progress to Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is crucial for early intervention. Objective: This study aimed to develop and validate a novel clinical score for personalized estimation of MCI-to-AD conversion. Methods: The data from the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) study were analyzed. Two-thirds of the MCI patients were randomly assigned to a training cohort (n = 478), and the remaining one-third formed the validation cohort (n = 239). Multivariable logistic regression was performed to identify factors associated with MCI-to-AD progression within 4 years. A prediction score was developed based on the regression coefficients derived from the logistic model and tested in the validation cohort. Results: A lipidomics-signature was obtained that showed a significant association with disease progression. The MCI conversion scoring system (ranged from 0 to 14 points), consisting of the lipidomics-signature and five other significant variables (Apolipoprotein ɛ4, Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test immediate and delayed recall, Alzheimer’s Disease Assessment Scale delayed recall test, Functional Activities Questionnaire, and cortical thickness of the AD signature), was constructed. Higher conversion scores were associated with a higher proportion of patients converting to AD. The scoring system demonstrated good discrimination and calibration in both the training cohort (AUC = 0.879, p of Hosmer-Lemeshow test = 0.597) and the validation cohort (AUC = 0.915, p of Hosmer-Lemeshow test = 0.991). The risk classification achieved excellent sensitivity (0.84) and specificity (0.75). Conclusions: The MCI-to-AD conversion score is a reliable tool for predicting the risk of disease progression in individuals with MCI.