bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The identification of cultural tourism geographies: Results from a Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Palermo Annunziata , Chieffallo Lucia , Virgilio Sara
Published: January 2024

Tourism development allows the enhancement of the heritage of local cultural resources , expressing the territorial potential. The Systematic Literature Review shown in this paper highlight the relationship between "cultural heritage" and "tourism". The current state of the art and the specific relationships between the contents of the selected publications demonstrate that tourism is an indispensable tool in local communication and cultural promotion policies and strategies. The qualitative results allow the identification of cultural tourism geographies that coincide with four thematic clusters not evident in advance.
Sex and age differences in expressing peer violence
Authors: Blagojević Gordana , Marjanović Bogdan
Published: January 2024

The complex problem of peer violence has been the subject of many research studies so far. The prevalence, forms, and manifestation forms of peer violence, causes, and consequences have been intensively studied. This paper describes and examines the occurrence of violence, considering both gender and age differences. The research has been carried out on a representative sample of 204 pupils of both sexes, in the fifth and eighth grades, who attend two primary schools. The results of the research show that a greater tendency, towards violent behaviour between boys and girls, has been confirmed (t=5.83, p<0.01). Statistically significant difference, in the tendency to violent behaviour between the pupils of different ages, that is, fifth and eighth graders, has been identified It shows us that eighth graders have a significantly greater tendency to violent behaviour than fifth graders This research is important because its results can be used, to improve our knowledge about the violent behaviour of pupils, in the school environment, as well as to encourage us to take the best course of practical action and to adopt prevention models in this area.
The final outcome in the treatment of Legg-Calve-Perthes disease using the combination of Ilizarov method of treatment and tunelisation: Case report
Authors: Krivokapić Branislav , Bukva Bojan , Jeremić Danilo , Bogosavljević Nikola , Tomić Slavko
Published: January 2024

Introduction: Legg-Calve-Perthes disease (LCPD) is a common childhood hip disease, affecting approximately 0.8 in 100,000 children. It usually affects children between 4 and 8 years old, and boys are more affected than girls. One hip is initially affected, but bilateral localization is present in 9-15 of the cases. The primary treatment in LCPD focuses on containing the femoral head in the acetabulum, thus preventing mollification and fragmentation. The most common surgical treatment method consists of either femoral or pelvic osteotomy or a combination of both. This paper aims to present a minimally invasive alternative method for treating LCPD. Case report: We are presenting a case report of a 19-year-old with a lengthy history of illness. His treatment started at the age of 5, and this is an update on his condition 14 years after the surgery. Conclusion: Hip arthrodiastasis using the Ilizarov circular frame combined with femoral head and neck tunneling is a minimally invasive surgical procedure. From a technical standpoint, this is a relatively demanding procedure that results in shorter in-patient treatment, reduced risk of complications, and cost compared to pelvic and femoral osteotomy.
Possible impact of NCAM and FGFR1 molecule expression patterns on the biological behavior of renal cell carcinoma
Authors: Filipović Isidora , Mioljević Ana , Nikolić Gorana , Filipović Jelena , Radojević-Škodrić Sanja , Bogosavljević Nikola , Životić Maja
Published: January 2024

Introduction: The incidence of renal cell tumors (RCT) and the deaths caused by them has been increasing in recent decades. Although renal cell carcinomas (RCCs) represent only 2% of all cancers, these tumors are among the top ten causes of death in Europe, when cancers are concerned. Aim: As it is known that the neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM) and fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 (FGFR1) interact on the surface of the cell membrane and can also be expressed in other cellular localizations, we decided to examine the potential influence of different patterns of their co-expression on the clinical and pathological characteristics of renal tumors. Material and methods: A total of 100 renal tumors, diagnosed at the Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, were analyzed. Immunohistochemical analysis was performed on tissue microarray slides, using NCAM (1:50, clone123C3.D5) and FGFR1 (1:100, clone M19B2) antibodies. Clinical and pathohistological characteristics of renal tumors were examined in relation to the presence and localization of the co-expression of NCAM and FGFR1 molecules. Results: Co-expression of NCAM and FGFR1 molecules in renal tumors was observed in the cytoplasm and on the membrane, however, these patterns did not depend on the pathohistological type of tumor. Each tumor in which FGFR1 immunopositivity was observed in the nucleus also showed membranous positivity for both tested molecules. It was observed that the frequency of co-expression of NCAM and FGFR1 molecules increased with increasing T stage, but the finding was not statistically significant. Conclusion: Membranous co-expression was not observed in any benign tumor, despite the presence of cytoplasmic co-expression. There is also a possibility that the presence of FGFR in the nucleus induces the occurrence of membranous co-expression.
Expression of the neural cell adhesion molecule in the renal interstitium in different stages of fibrosis
Authors: Mioljević Ana , Filipović Isidora , Nikolić Gorana , Janković Aleksandar , Bogosavljević Nikola , Đurić Petar , Boričić Novica , Životić Maja
Published: January 2024

Introduction: In healthy adult kidneys, differentiated tubular epithelial cells do not express the neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM), while a small number of NCAM-expressing cells can be detected in the renal interstitium. The role and the significance of these cells have not yet been clarified, but it has been observed that the number of NCAM-expressing cells increases in the initial stage of interstitial fibrosis. Aim: The aim of the study is to examine the significance of the expression of NCAM molecules in the renal interstitium, in etiologically different diseases, with varying degrees of interstitial fibrosis, as well as to define the pathohistological and clinical indicators (predictors) of impaired kidney function. Materials and methods: The study included 69 patients who underwent needle biopsies of the kidneys in 2011 and 2012. Clinical and laboratory data were collected at the time of the biopsy and at the time of the latest follow-up examination. Pathohistological characteristics were defined optically-microscopically, while NCAM-expressing interstitial cells were detected with immunohistochemical staining, using the primary NCAM antibody (1:50, clone 123C3.D5). Results: NCAM-expressing interstitial cells were detected in 59.4% of kidney biopsies, the presence of these cells was significantly more frequent in the initial stages of interstitial fibrosis than in the remaining stages (p < 0.001), and it did not depend on the pathohistological diagnosis (p = 0.995). Patients in whom NCAM cells were detected had significantly lower proteinuria levels at the time of biopsy, as compared to patients without NCAM interstitial cells (p = 0.024). The levels of serum creatinine (p < 0.001) and urea (p = 0.007) significantly influenced the probability of the deterioration of renal function. Conclusion: The presence of NCAM cells in the kidney interstitium is a characteristic of the early stages of chronic kidney disease with incipient interstitial fibrosis and a lesser degree of proteinuria
Mandatory vaccination coverage in the territory of the Mačva district in the period between 2011 and 2021
Authors: Pajičić Ana , Jović-Vraneš Aleksandra , Vujković Branko
Published: January 2024

Introduction: The vaccine is one of medicine's oldest and most valuable inventions. It is a simple, safe, and effective way to protect against infectious diseases, a proven and cost-effective public health strategy that safeguards both individuals and the entire community. On the other hand, it has become a victim of its own success, as many vaccine-preventable diseases have become so rare that some people believe they have been eradicated forever, and do not understand the benefits of vaccination nor the risks of it not being conducted. This study aimed to analyze vaccination coverage throughout the Mačva District, in the period between 2011 and 2021. Materials and methods: The study used a retrospective analysis of secondary data from annual reports submitted by community health centers, in the territory of the Mačva District, for the period between 2011 and 2021. For the purpose of this study, vaccination coverage was calculated based on the number of newborn babies in a given year. Data from community health centers are submitted to the Institute of Public Health Šabac, which is in charge of these issues for this district. Each report contains the number of individuals subject to mandatory immunization, the number of persons who have been vaccinated, as well as the percentage of vaccinated persons as compared to the number of persons who should have been vaccinated. The correlation and regression method was used to analyze the vaccination trend, i.e., the value of the Pearson correlation coefficient was interpreted and the equation of the regression line was calculated. Results: In the Mačva District, mandatory vaccination coverage of children was observed in the period between 2011 and 2021. A negative trend was registered in vaccination coverage for all observed vaccines, except the trend related to vaccination for Haemophilus influenzae. Conclusion: When all of the vaccines are observed together, vaccination coverage has been declining during the observed period. During 2021, not a single vaccine achieved 95% coverage. The declining trend indicates the need to promote vaccination as the safest and most effective protection against infectious diseases.
Intraoperative ultrasound in localizing nonpalpable breast lesions
Authors: Zečić Katarina , Zečić Ognjen
Published: January 2024

Introduction: Intraoperative ultrasound in breast tumor surgery is a relatively new technique used for localizing nonpalpable breast lesions. This procedure has multiple advantages over wire needle localization (WNL), which is a standard approach to localizing nonpalpable breast lesions. It has been shown that intraoperative application of ultrasound is presented with a decrease in tumor-infiltrated resection margins, and with less excised healthy tissue around the tumor. Aim: The purpose of this article is to evaluate the success rate of nonpalpable breast lesion excisions by localizing them with intraoperative ultrasound. Material and methods: This is a retrospective study, which involves patients from the Department of surgical oncology at "Bežanijska kosa" treated in the period between January 2013 and December 2017. Medical records of the patients who were not operated on for nonpalpable breast lesions using intraoperative ultrasound were isolated. Success rate of identifying and excising nonpalpable lesions is presented in percentages, so this finding can be compared to other published studies. Results: Of the 2627 patients operated on during this period, 317 (11.9%) patients had nonpalpable lesions, of which 173 were localized by WNL, and 144 were localized by intraoperative ultrasound (IOUS). Of 144 patients whose lesions were localized by IOUS, 61 patients had breast cancer, while 83 patients had benign lesions. Based on the medical records, all non-palpable lesions were successfully located and excised with intraoperative ultrasound (144/144-100%). Conclusion: Intraoperative ultrasound represents an optimal technique for localizing nonpalpable breast lesions that are visible on ultrasound and are an indication for surgical removal.
Concentration of cytokines (IL-4, IL-12, IFNg) in the blood plasma and its association with lymphocyte apoptosis in patients suffering from chronic lymphocytic leukemia
Authors: Dejanović Hristina , Jovanović Danijela
Published: January 2024

Introduction: Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is a malignant disease of hematopoietic tissue and is the most common leukemia in adults. For years, the dominant view was that in the pathogenesis of chronic lymphocytic leukemia, the basic mechanism of the origin and progression of the disease is disruption in apoptosis and prolonged survival of malignant lymphocytes. Aim: The aim of our study is to determine the association between the percentage of apoptotic lymphocytes in the peripheral blood of patients suffering from chronic lymphocytic leukemia and the concentration of antiapoptotic cytokines (IL-4, IL-12, IFNg) in the patients' blood plasma. Materials and methods: The study included 29 patients suffering from chronic lymphocytic leukemia (21 men and 8 women) who had not been on a chemotherapy regimen in the preceding 6 months. Clinical parameters (clinical stage of disease, presence of lymphadenopathy, splenomegaly), biochemical parameters (LDH), and the type and percentage of bone marrow infiltration were determined in all patients. The percentage of apoptotic lymphocytes and the concentration of cytokines (IL-4, IL-12, IFNg) in the patients' plasma were determined from the patients' peripheral blood. Results: In the studied group of patients, plasma concentration values of IL-4 = 121.42 pg/ml (62.44 - 180.40), IL-12 = 7.62 pg/ml (4.36 - 10.87), IFNg = 31.45 pg/ml (18.35 - 44.56) were detected. In the cell population, less than 1% of apoptotic cells were detected, ranging from 0.03% to a maximum of 0.84%. The results show no correlation between the concentration of cytokines and the percentage of apoptotic lymphocytes in the patients' peripheral blood, however, they show that Il-12 concentration positively correlates with the stage of the disease, as well as with the percentage of bone marrow infiltration by malignant lymphocytes (p < 0.001 or p = 0.028). Conclusion: Plasma concentrations of IL-4, IL-12, IFNg are not correlated with the percentage of apoptotic lymphocytes in the peripheral blood of patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Interleukin-12 nevertheless shows a positive correlation in advanced disease.
Laser and manual whisker with scrapping process analysis in terms of industrial engineering and sustainability for denim washing industries
Authors: Razy Nilanto
Published: January 2024

Whisker and scrapping is a well-known dry process in the denim washing industry. Whisker is the worn-out lines and impression patterns generated by natural wearing on hips and front thigh area. On the other hand, to create a distressed look hand scrapping is applied on the front thigh, upper back knee, upper pocket side, or overall area of a denim garment. Nowadays those are common dry processes for denim wash. Those are used to increase the fashionable look of a denim garment. Whisker and scraping are the first process of the denim dry process. There are many types of whisker and scrapping process for denim garments. In the manual version generally, it is done by pattern, chalk, and emery paper. Another popular and well-established way is laser burning. Both process is well qualified to meet consumer demand. The final outlook and outcome are also the same for both processes. But here the main issue is SMV, per-hour output, Manpower, and Sustainability. For manual processes, SMV is more and Per hour output is less as a result the production is less, and extra manpower is required. For manual scrapping PP spray process is required to increase the distress look. That's why this process is not sustainable for the application of potassium permanganate (PP Spray). For laser burning, the machine output is much higher for machine operation less manpower is required. And here the laser effect enhancing chemical is applied instead of PP spray which is a sustainable process. As a result, production must be higher for a washing plant by implementing a laser burning process instead of a manual process.
Method of two-factor authentication of electronic documents using enhanced encrypted non-certified digital signature with the use of security token with biometric data
Authors: Burganova Tanzilya , Fakhreeva Dilyara , Fakhreev Nail
Published: January 2024

The purpose of this study is to develop a method for two-factor authentication of electronic documents using an enhanced encrypted non-certified digital signature with the use of a security token with biometric data (fingerprint image). In order to achieve the goal, the method of comparative analysis was used. Existing algorithms for the electronic signature operation were studied. The method of multi-factor authentication of an electronic signature using biometric data has been studied in detail. Biometric data included: a handwritten password, an autograph, typing biometrics when typing a pass phrase, a facial image, typing biometrics when typing a free text. An external storage medium with a biometric authentication method based on a fingerprint image was also studied. Information on this media was accessed by scanning a fingerprint image. After conducting a comparative analysis and studying in detail these methods, a method for two-factor authentication of an electronic signature using a security token with biometric data was developed.
The COVID-19 Pandemic and the Taxation of Individuals in Africa: Proposals for Reform
Authors: Titus A.
Published: January 2024

COVID-19 had a huge effect on African countries. It revealed how vulnerable African tax systems are to a massive global economic shock. This article explores what made the tax systems for individuals in African countries more vulnerable than other jurisdictions, and what reforms should be made to address such vulnerabilities.
The Role of Lactobacillus Reuteri DSM 17938 Reducing Indirect Bilirubin Levels in Neonatal Hyperbilirubinemia
Authors: Manoppo Jeanette I. Ch. , Wahani Audrey M.I. , Sadeli Ernestine Vivi
Published: January 2024

Neonatal jaundice is a yellowish discoloration of the skin, conjunctiva, and sclera due to increased serum or plasma bilirubin in the neonatal period. This condition can cause parents' anxiety and increase the need to go to the hospital. In general, phototherapy was one of the therapeutic options to reduce neonatal hyperbilirubinemia with subsequent side effects such as dehydration, retinal damage, and bronze-baby syndrome. There is a need for further therapeutic options to treat neonatal hyperbilirubinemia with minimal side effects, and Lactobacillus was one of many options that have been proposed. This double-blind, randomized clinical trial was conducted to determine the role of Lactobacillus reuteri DSM 17938 to treat neonatal hyperbilirubinemia in conjunction with phototherapy.  In conclusion, administration of Lactobacillus reuteri DSM 17938 can reduce indirect bilirubin levels in neonatal hyperbilirubinemia faster compared to the group without intervention (p-value 0.000).
Recht schreiben
Authors: Breuer Yannik , Trappmann Madeline
Published: January 2024

Jede Diskussion über geschlechtergerechte Sprache erhitzt die Gemüter. Anlass zur Debatte gab zuletzt etwa das in den Sondierungsgesprächen zwischen CDU und SPD nach der Landtagswahl in Hessen vereinbarte Vorhaben, staatlichen Stellen über die Verpflichtung zur Einhaltung der Vorgaben des Rates der deutschen Rechtschreibung „das Gendern“ zu verbieten. Auch der bayerische Ministerpräsident Markus Söder hat für die Staatsregierung angekündigt, die geschlechtergerechte Sprache in Schulen und der übrigen Landesverwaltung zu untersagen. Der Gesetzgeber hat grundsätzlich einen weiten Spielraum bei der Regelung von Sprache. Wo setzt die Verfassung dabei Grenzen?
Assessing the Applicability and Reliability of the SOR Theory in the Healthcare Sector: A Comprehensive Review of Recent Research
Authors: Sivasothey Janice Anne , Yeo Sook Fern , Tan Cheng Ling
Published: January 2024

The Stimulus-Organism-Response (SOR) theory, introduced by Mehrabian and Russell in 1974, has become a dominant theoretical model in the service industry to determine consumer behaviour. However, systematic reviews and meta-analyses of the theory are rare, and most research produces only empirical data. This research paper aims to compile and analyse research articles that have applied the SOR theory within the healthcare sector over the past five years to measure the model's effect and relevancy. The paper establishes a consistent method of compiling past papers from online databases, and only research papers cited under the SOR theory in the healthcare sector are analysed. The study finds that the SOR model is commonly used alongside other theories, such as Flow Theory and Theory of Reasoned Actions, and can be deemed generalizable to the service industry regardless of the industry. However, the paper has limitations, such as the overgeneralization of the collection of SOR papers without a specific scope, and future research could improve the results by carrying out a meta-analysis to further determine the overall model's reliability.
From Double Skin Facade to Closed Cavity Façade with Triple Glazed Unite as Inner Skin Without Coatings in the Tropical Climate of Malaysia
Authors: Al Kahlout Ahmad Fadel , Baharum Faizal , Mogna Maisha Durdana , Zalloom Bushra , Ali Ahmer
Published: January 2024

The Close Cavity Façade (CCF) has undergone significant advancements from its predecessor, the Double Skin Façade (DSF), resulting in improved thermal insulation and reduced solar penetration. The core principle behind a CCF is a hermetically sealed and non-ventilated construction that incorporates an automatic shading system, triple glazing (TGU) on the inner surface, and single glass on the outer surface. The technique described above effectively regulates the ingress of solar energy and natural light into the building. The experimentation involved the utilisation of various combinations of CCF-TGU designs, employing software tools such as Window 7.8, EnergyPlus, and DesignBuilder. Then, a comparison analysis was undertaken to compare the aforementioned designs with the presently employed single-glazed units (SGU) featuring a grey coating. The inquiry was initiated through the implementation of a case study carried out on a condominium located on Penang Island, Malaysia. The CCF-TGU has superior thermal performance and provides enhanced occupant comfort when compared to SGUs. The effectiveness of CCF-TGU designs in reducing operating temperature ratios has been observed to be higher in Malaysia's humid tropical climate than that of SGUs. The annual rate of decrease varies between 29.8% and 77.8%, thereby successfully attaining the required level of thermal comfort. The research highlights the potential advantages of implementing an innovative CCF technology that has been modified to accommodate the distinct meteorological conditions of Malaysia. The findings suggest that the implementation of advanced glazing technology holds the potential to enhance both operational temperatures and overall occupant comfort within buildings.
El descanso como resistencia pasiva: inacción en el arte contemporáneo
Authors: Rivas Herencia Eugenio , Peña Sillero Enrique
Published: January 2024

This study is built on the concept of passive resistance, also known as non-violent disobedience, and the use of these strategies in contemporary art. We look back to the East to review the existential perspective of Taoism and its defense of doing without doing or wu wei. We analyze how this model of thought has permeated Western thought in a particular way and has filtered into contemporary artistic practice, posing a vicissitude between resisting that which exhausts us or abandoning ourselves to a kind of collective tiredness that can serve as a binding force for our community of the weary. Numerous examples within contemporary art stand up against the eminent capitalisation of rest and the instrumentalisation of sleep, reflecting on the political possibilities of inaction, in a defense of that unifying rest, where the sleepers are constituted as agents of passive resistance.

El presente estudio se yergue sobre el concepto de resistencia pasiva, también denominada desobediencia no violenta, y el empleo de estas estrategias dentro del arte contemporáneo. Devolvemos la mirada a Oriente para revisar la perspectiva existencial del taoísmo y su defensa del hacer sin hacer o wu wei. Analizamos cómo este modelo de pensamiento ha permeado de una manera particular en el pensamiento occidental y se ha filtrado en la práctica artística contemporánea, planteando una vicisitud entre resistir ante aquello que nos agota o abandonarnos a una suerte de cansancio colectivo que pueda servir como aglutinante de nuestra comunidad de fatigados. Numerosos ejemplos dentro del arte contemporáneo se levantan ante la eminente capitalización del descanso y la instrumentalización del sueño, reflexionando sobre las posibilidades políticas de la inacción, en una defensa de ese descanso unificador, donde los y las durmientes se constituyen como agentes de la resistencia pasiva.
Tactical knowledge is not dependent upon age or biological maturation in young soccer players
Authors: Peña Gonzalez Iván , Javaloyes Alejandro , Cervelló Eduardo , Moya Ramón Manuel
Published: January 2024

This study examined how chronological age and maturity status may affect tactical knowledge in young soccer players. Decimal age and maturity status of sixty-six U12 to U14 soccer players were calculated. Their tactical knowledge (declarative and procedural) was assessed using the TCTOF questionnaire. Pearson’s correlation analysis was used to assess the relationship between declarative and procedural knowledge with chronological age and maturity status. Statistical differences in the declarative and procedural knowledge were examined according to age, maturity and field position-related groups. Neither the declarative nor the procedural knowledge showed a significant correlation to chronological age or maturity status (p >.05), nor was the declarative and procedural knowledge different between chronological age, maturity status or field position groups. These findings suggest that tactical knowledge is not age-, maturity- or field position-dependent, which has implications in talent identification, player selection and development programs in young soccer academies and clubs.

Este estudio examinó cómo la edad cronológica y el estado madurativo puede afectar al conocimiento táctico en jóvenes jugadores de fútbol. Se calculó la edad decimal y el estado madurativo de sesenta y seis jóvenes jugadores de fútbol sub-12 a sub-14. Se evaluó su conocimiento táctico (declarativo y procedimental) mediante el cuestionario TCTOF. Los jugadores fueron clasificados según cuatro puestos específicos (portero, defensa, centrocampista y delantero). El análisis de correlación de Pearson se utilizó para evaluar la relación entre el conocimiento declarativo y procedimental con la edad cronológica y el estado madurativo, y con el puesto específico. Se examinaron las diferencias estadísticas en el conocimiento declarativo y procedimental de acuerdo al grupo de edad, maduración y puesto específico de los jugadores. Ni el conocimiento declarativo ni el procedimental mostraron correlación significativa con la edad cronológica o el estado madurativo (p > .05), así como ni el conocimiento declarativo y procedimental fueron diferentes entre los grupos de edad, de maduración o de puestos específicos. Estos hallazgos sugieren que el conocimiento táctico no es dependiente de la edad, la maduración o el puesto específico, lo que tiene implicaciones en la identificación de talentos, la selección de jugadores y los programas de desarrollo en academias y clubs de jóvenes jugadores de fútbol.
Análisis de la carga de entrenamiento previo a una lesión en atletismo de media distancia: Estudio de caso
Authors: Cardozo Luis A. , Valencia Lara María , Guerrero Jiménez Julián , Borja Villamil Sergio , Reina-Monroy Javier L.
Published: January 2024

Sports trainers have a wide variety of instruments and methods to control training to identify the level of internal or external load experienced by the athlete to avoid an injury. The objective of this study was to explore the training load middle-distance athletes prior to a sports injury that resulted in the temporary suspension of training. The semi-structured interview technique was used in the retrospective phase to inquire about the means and methods used for load control. In the prospective phase, the recording of the mean heart rate (HRm), Session Rating of Exertion Perception (sRPE), Monotony Index (MI), Fatigue Index (FI), Hydration levels by urine color and Epworth Sleepiness Scale were used. The results indicate that the sports injury occurred prior to several high intensity sessions expressed in sRPE and in the week of higher volume, with this situation not being reflected through the FCm, nor in the week of higher value in IM and IF. Additionally, with levels of dehydration and an increase in the somnolence scale being evidenced in the last weeks of training. It is concluded that some methods to control training load do not reflect the real load experienced by the athlete, therefore, it is important to implement various mechanisms to reduce the risk of injury.

El entrenador deportivo actualmente dispone de una gran variedad de instrumentos y métodos para el control del entrenamiento con el fin de identificar el nivel de carga interna o externa vivenciado por el atleta evitando algún tipo de lesión. El objetivo de este estudio fue explorar la carga de entrenamiento de un atleta de medio fondo previo a una lesión deportiva que generó la suspensión temporal de los entrenamientos. Se utilizó la técnica de entrevista semiestructurada en la fase retrospectiva para indagar sobre los medios y métodos utilizados para el control de la carga. En la fase prospectiva se utilizó el registro de la Frecuencia cardiaca media, la Percepción del esfuerzo de la sesión (sRPE), Índice de monotonía (IM), Índice de fatiga (IF), Niveles de hidratación por el color de la orina y Escala de Somnolencia de Epworth. Los resultados indican que la lesión deportiva ocurrió previo a varias sesiones de alta intensidad expresadas en sRPE y en la semana de mayor volumen, no reflejándose esta situación a través de la FCm, ni en la semana de mayor valor en IM e IF. Adicionalmente, se evidenciaron ciertos niveles de deshidratación e incremento en la escala de somnolencia en las últimas semanas de entrenamiento. Se concluye que algunos medios para el control de la carga de entrenamiento no reflejan la carga real vivenciada por el atleta, por ello, la importancia de implementar varios mecanismos a fin disminuir el riesgo lesivo.
Perfil del gestor deportivo en municipios de más de 100.000 habitantes
Authors: Rabadán Iniesta José de Calasanz , Díaz Suarez Arturo , López Gullón José María
Published: January 2024

Introduction: The increase in the demand in physical and sports activities in today's society needs a person to manage that generated demand. Sports management begins to have a very relevant importance in sports, managing the resources of both facilities and personnel, going through the economic and everything related to the work that any manager can do. Methods: A descriptive research is carried out, a non-experimental research modality that tries to systematically describe facts and characteristics of a given population. The sample is made up of sports managers from cities with more than 100,000 inhabitants throughout Spain. A 59-item questionnaire is applied, in which an attempt is made to answer the work carried out by sports managers and what skills they have. Results: Several of the most relevant questionnaire items are exposed. Discussion: The data of all the items are analyzed and the most significant variables are compared with other studies. Conclusion: Finally, the conclusions of the work are obtained with the update of the data on sports managers and what is their current status, since there is not much literature on this subject.

Introducción: El incremento de la demanda en actividades físicas y deportivas en la sociedad actual necesita de esa persona que gestione esa demanda generada. La gestión deportiva comienza a tener una importancia muy relevante en el deporte, administrando los recursos tanto de instalaciones, como de personal, pasando por lo económico y todo lo relacionado con el trabajo que cualquier directivo puede realizar. Métodos: Se realiza una investigación descriptiva, modalidad de investigación no experimental que trata de describir sistemáticamente hechos y características de una población dada. La muestra está compuesta por los gestores deportivos de las ciudades de más de 100.000 habitantes en toda España. Se aplica un cuestionario de 59 ítems en el que se intenta dar respuesta al trabajo que realizan los gestores deportivos y qué competencias tienen. Resultados: Se exponen varios de los ítems del cuestionario más relevantes. Discusión: Se analizan los datos de todos los ítems y se comparan las variables más significativas con otros estudios. Conclusión: Finalmente se obtienen las conclusiones del trabajo con la actualización de los datos sobre los gestores deportivos y cuál es su estado en la actualidad, ya que no existe mucha literatura sobre esta temática.
Strategi Pengembangan Wisata Spiritual di Pura Tirta Empul, Kecamatan Tampak Siring, Gianyar
Authors: Luh Putu Widia Utami Putri  , Putu Eka Purnamaningsih  , Ni Putu Anik Prabawati
Published: January 2024

This study aims to understand the development strategy of spiritual tourism in Tirta Empul Temple. Kecamatan Tampak Siring, Gianyar. This research uses descriptive qualitative method with data analysis using SWOT matrix analysis. The results of this study indicate that there are still indicators that have not been maximized. SWOT analysis shows that Tirta Empul Temple has great potential but also faces challenges such as management that needs to be improved and competition with similar destinations. The development strategy involves improving facilities, services, and promotion through digital media. Sustainability is integrated in the management to involve local communities and preserve the environment. The implementation of this strategy is expected to increase spiritual tourist visits, maintain the comfort of tourists, create economic opportunities for local communities, and maintain cultural heritage. Collaboration with relevant parties is required to support this development. With a holistic approach, Tirta Empul Temple is expected to become a model of a sustainable spiritual tourism destination that benefits all parties involved.

Abstrak

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memahami strategi pengembangan pariwisata spiritual di Pura Tirta Empul. Kecamatan Tampak Siring, Gianyar. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif dengan analisis data menggunakan analisis matriks SWOT. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan masih adanya indikator yang belum maksimal. Analisis SWOT menunjukkan bahwa Pura Tirta Empul memiliki potensi besar namun juga menghadapi tantangan seperti pengelolaan yang perlu ditingkatkan dan persaingan dengan destinasi serupa. Strategi pengembangan melibatkan peningkatan fasilitas, pelayanan, dan promosi melalui media digital. Keberlanjutan diintegrasikan dalam manajemen untuk melibatkan komunitas lokal dan melestarikan lingkungan. Implementasi strategi ini diharapkan dapat meningkatkan kunjungan wisatawan spiritual, menjaga kenyamanan dari wisatawan, menciptakan peluang ekonomi bagi masyarakat setempat, dan menjaga warisan budaya. Kolaborasi dengan pihak terkait diperlukan untuk mendukung pengembangan ini. Dengan pendekatan holistik, Pura Tirta Empul diharapkan dapat menjadi model destinasi wisata spiritual yang berkelanjutan dan bermanfaat bagi semua pihak terlibat.

Kata Kunci: Wisata Spritual, Strategi Pengembangan,Potensi Wisata,SWOT
Turismo e Divulgação Científica: uma análise sobre o roteiro de Turismo Científico “Caminhos da Loucura – a história da psiquiatria no Brasil”
Authors: Conti Bruna Ranção , Elicher Maria Jaqueline , Lavandoski Joice
Published: January 2024

A Divulgação Científica (DC) tem por objetivo a democratização da ciência, aproximando-a da comunidade da maneira mais dinâmica, acessível e atrativa possível. Os roteiros de Turismo Científico (TC) se enquadram como uma ação de DC, possibilitando a divulgação/construção de informações científicas em um momento de lazer. Assim, a DC agrega valor às práticas de turismo, muitas vezes descoladas da realidade local e responsáveis por impactos negativos, enquanto o Turismo se torna um meio interessante de interação do público com a ciência e de fortalecimento das práticas educativas. Este artigo tem por objetivo apresentar e discutir o processo de criação de um roteiro de turismo científico, intitulado “Caminhos da Loucura: a história da psiquiatria no Brasil”. A metodologia de criação do roteiro envolveu as etapas de levantamento e análise de dados sobre a história da psiquiatria no Brasil; visitas de campo para seleção dos espaços que iriam compor o roteiro; levantamento de imagens antigas e atuais; definição do percurso e redação do texto para guiamento; diálogo com os atores institucionais envolvidos; realização de pré-testes e avaliações do roteiro. Os resultados evidenciam a dificuldade para a adequação das informações científicas ao público em geral e para conseguir realizar uma visita de alto teor científico em um curto espaço de tempo. Essa experiência demonstrou a necessidade de interlocução de profissionais de diferentes áreas do conhecimento.
MENTAL FIELD AND SENSE-GIVING IN TEACHING COMMUNICATION INTERCULTURALLY
Authors: Volkov S.A.
Published: January 2024

This article discusses how the use of cognitive structures shape teaching practice and reality of intercultural communication in terms of making senses of the world, solving language and psychological issues. Specifically, we examine how the object “light” forms a mental field and provokes sense-giving in Arabic and Russian linguistic cultures.
Functional Impact of Interval Training on Muscle Mass and Strength in Obese Adults: An Interventional Trial
Authors: Afzal Binash , Arshad Naveed , Majeed Rabia , Khan Hafiz Muhammad Manan Haider , Mustafa Maria , Ain Qurat Ul
Published: January 2024

Background: Obesity is a burgeoning global health issue, with its prevalence contributing to a spectrum of comorbid conditions, including cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and decreased life expectancy. Traditional exercise regimens have been challenged by the reduced exercise tolerance observed in obese individuals. Interval training has emerged as a promising alternative that may address these concerns by effectively improving body composition and aerobic capacity.
Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of interval training on body composition and aerobic capacity in obese adults. The objective was to determine whether a structured interval training program could lead to significant improvements in these parameters, which are critical indicators of overall health status.
Methods: In a 12-week interventional trial, 30 sedentary obese adults (BMI ≥ 30) underwent interval training sessions three times per week. Body composition was assessed using skinfold thickness and bio-impedance methods, while aerobic capacity was evaluated using lactate threshold testing and the Astrand sub-maximal test. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 25, with significant changes in pre- and post-study values being highlighted.
Results: Post-intervention, participants exhibited a decrease in weight from 79.3 kg to 67.5 kg and a reduction in BMI from 27.6 kg/m² to 24.01 kg/m². Fat percentage also declined from 25.2% to 22.5%. Aerobic capacity improved, with a significant increase in relative oxygen uptake from 38 ml/kg/min to 57 ml/kg/min. Additionally, the mean heart rate during submaximal testing decreased across all exercise intensities, suggesting enhanced cardiovascular efficiency.
Conclusion: Interval training is an effective intervention for improving both body composition and aerobic capacity in obese adults. The study demonstrated significant reductions in body mass and fat percentage, along with improved aerobic efficiency, as evidenced by increased oxygen uptake and reduced heart rates during exercise.
Utility of P²MS Index in Predicting Esophageal Varices in Patients with Hepatitis C Associated Chronic Liver Disease in Pakistani Population
Authors: Ali Imdad , Abrar Ghazi , Adeel Muhammad , Laeeq Syed Mudassir , Khan Raja Taha Yaseen , Hayee Abdul , Ismail Hina , Majid Zain , Kumar Danish , Luck Nasir Hasan , Metlo Husnain Ali , Aleem Sajid Atif
Published: January 2024

Background: Screening for esophageal varices (EVs) in patients with chronic liver disease is critical for identifying those needing primary prophylaxis against variceal bleeding. The gold standard for EV screening is endoscopy, an invasive and costly procedure often avoided by patients. This necessitates the need for non-invasive predictive tools for the presence of EVs and high-risk varices (HRVs). The P²MS index, a relatively new model, has shown promise in this regard.
Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of the P²MS index, alongside APRI and FIB-4 scores, in predicting the presence of EVs and HRVs in patients with hepatitis C-related chronic liver disease.
Methods: Conducted at the Sindh Institute of Urology and Transplantation's Hepato-Gastroenterology department, this cross-sectional study involved 375 participants aged 18-50 years, recently diagnosed with liver cirrhosis due to hepatitis C. Excluding those with varied medical backgrounds, the study used non-probability consecutive sampling. Diagnostic procedures included esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) and complete blood count. P²MS index, APRI, and FIB-4 scores were calculated for each participant. Data analysis was performed using SPSS version 25.0, focusing on the Area Under the Receiver Operating Curve (AUROC) to assess diagnostic accuracy.
Results: In our population, the P²MS index at a cutoff of <10.7 showed a specificity of 93.22% and sensitivity of 87.88% for predicting the presence of EVs, with a PPV and diagnostic accuracy exceeding 90%. For HRVs, a cutoff of <5.4 demonstrated an excellent NPV, alongside good sensitivity, specificity, and diagnostic accuracy. Compared to APRI and FIB-4, the P²MS index had the highest AUROC for predicting the presence of EVs (0.92, 95% CI 0.89-0.95, p<0.001). For HRVs, it was comparable to APRI (AUROC=0.88, 95% CI 0.85-0.92, p<0.01) and superior to FIB-4.
Conclusion: The P²MS index is an effective non-invasive tool for screening EVs in patients with hepatitis C-related chronic liver disease, demonstrating high accuracy for predicting the presence of EVs. However, its efficacy in predicting HRVs is comparable to other non-invasive indices and warrants further validation.
Exploring the Effectiveness of Transpedicular Fixation for Managing Thoracic and Lumbar Tuberculous Spine Disease
Authors: Khan Muhammad Idris , Munir Adnan , Ullah Sajjad , Mehboob Sajid
Published: January 2024

Background: Tuberculous spine disease, particularly in the thoracic and lumbar regions, poses a significant health challenge in Pakistan, necessitating effective surgical interventions. Transpedicular fixation has emerged as a promising treatment option, yet there is a paucity of comprehensive studies evaluating its efficacy within this demographic.
Objective: The study aimed to systematically assess the effectiveness of transpedicular fixation for treating thoracic and lumbar tuberculous spine disease in Pakistan by analyzing preoperative conditions, surgical details, and postoperative outcomes.
Methods: This retrospective cohort study involved 78 patients from the Neurosurgical Ward of Khyber Teaching Hospital, Peshawar, who underwent transpedicular fixation from January 2021 to December 2022. Demographics, preoperative clinical data, radiological findings, intraoperative details, and postoperative outcomes were collected. Statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS version 26, employing Chi-square and t-tests to evaluate outcome significance.
Results: The patient cohort comprised 53.85% males, with a mean age of 36.3 years. The lumbar region was the most affected (45%), followed by the thoracic (38%) and thoracolumbar (17%). Postoperative outcomes indicated an improvement in radiological stability from 48.72% preoperatively to 73.08% postoperatively (p=0.001), a non-significant increase in complications (12.82% to 19.23%, p=0.231), and a slight rise in patient satisfaction (84.62% to 88.46%, p=0.453).
Conclusion: Transpedicular fixation is effective in improving radiological stability and maintaining high patient satisfaction in the treatment of thoracic and lumbar tuberculous spine disease in Pakistan. The procedure's safety profile is acceptable, though the slight increase in postoperative complications warrants attention.
A Capsule Neural Network (CNN) based Hybrid Approach for Identifying Sarcasm in Reddit Dataset
Authors: Muhammad Faseeh , Harun Jamil
Published: January 2024

Sarcasm, a standard social media message, delivers the opposite meaning through irony or teasing. Unfortunately, identifying sarcasm in written text is difficult in natural language processing. The work aims to create an effective sarcasm detection model for social media text data, with possible applications in sentiment analysis, social media analytics, and online reputation management. A hybrid Deep learning strategy is used to construct an effective sarcasm detection model for written content on social media networks. The design emphasizes feature extraction, selection, and neural network application. Limited research exists on detecting sarcasm in human speech compared to emotion recognition. The study recommends using Word2Vec or TF-IDF for feature extraction to address memory and temporal constraints. Use feature selection techniques like PCA or LDA to enhance model performance by selecting relevant features. A Capsule Neural Network (CNN) and Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) collect contextual information and sequential dependencies in textual material. We evaluate Reddit datasets with labelled sarcasm data using metrics like Accuracy. Our hybrid method gets 95.60% accuracy on Reddit.
PENYEBAB PERNIKAHAN DINI DAN DAMPAKNYA BAGI KALANGAN PEREMPUAN (STUDI KASUS DI KUA KECAMATAN BANJAREJO) KABUPATEN BLORA 2021
Authors: Sa'adah Latifatus
Published: January 2024

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui penyebab pernikahan dini dan dampaknya bagi perempuan di KUA Kecamatan Banjarejo Tahun 2021. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan Studi kasus. Adapun masalah yang akan di analisis dalam penelitian ini adalah apa saja faktor penyebab pernikahan dini beserta dampaknya bagi kalangan perempuan. Berdasarkan penelitian yang penulis lakukan menunjukkan bahwa Faktor penyebab pernikahan dini di Kecamatan Banjarejo Kabupaten Blora, disebabkan oleh beberapa faktor diantaranya adalah Faktor Perjodohan, Faktor Pendidikan, Faktor Ekonomi, Faktor Pergaulan dan Kehamilan di Luar Nikah . Sedangkan Dampak pernikahan dini bagi kalangan perempuan di Kecamatan Banjarejo yaitu Kehilangan Masa Remaja, Perceraian, KDRT dan Keluarga tidak harmonis