bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Gastrointestinal disorders after immunosuppression: an experimental model to evaluate the influence of monotherapy on motility parameters
Authors: Dall'Agnol Denize Jussara Rupolo , Corá Luciana Aparecida , Teixeira Maria do Carmo Borges , de Lima Maysa Bruno , Gama Loyane Almeida , Miranda José Ricardo de Arruda , Américo Madileine Francely
Published: May 2017

New Findings

What is the central question of this study?

The aim was to propose an animal model for investigating the effects of immunosuppressive monotherapy on gastrointestinal motility using a non‐invasive biomagnetic technique.

What is main finding and its importance?

In our experimental study, immunosuppressive drugs currently in use accelerated gastric emptying whilst increasing the frequency and amplitude of gastric contractions after treatment, except for Mycophenolate and azathioprine. Alternating current biosusceptometry is a useful tool to evaluate side‐effects of drugs on the gastrointestinal tract, which will help in understanding the symptoms and improving clinical management of patients.

The aim was to propose an animal model for investigating the effects of immunosuppressive monotherapy on gastrointestinal motility using a non‐invasive biomagnetic technique. Male Wistar rats were randomly distributed into the following treatment groups: ciclosporin, tacrolimus, prednisone, sirolimus, mycophenolate mofetil, everolimus, azathioprine and control. Each animal was treated for 14 days by gavage with dosages ranging from 1 to 20 mg kg−1 day−1 considering the area‐to‐volume ratio and hepatic metabolism. Gastrointestinal transit and gastric contractility measurements were evaluated by alternating current biosusceptometry before and after treatment. Gastric emptying was faster in animals treated with tacrolimus, prednisone, sirolimus and everolimus compared with control animals (126.7 ± 12.7 min). There was a significant increase in the frequency of contractions after ciclosporin, tacrolimus, azathioprine and sirolimus treatment compared with control animals (4.6 ± 0.3 cycles min−1). Increases in the amplitude of contraction were observed after treatment with tacrolimus, sirolimus and everolimus compared with control rats (34.9 ± 6.0 dB). The results showed that our animal model was suitable for demonstrating that most immunosuppressive drugs currently in use impaired at least one gastrointestinal motility parameter. As a non‐invasive technique, alternating current biosusceptometry is a potentially useful tool for evaluation of side‐effects of drugs in gastrointestinal tract, helping us to understand the symptoms to improve clinical management of patients.
Directional etch of magnetic and noble metals. II. Organic chemical vapor etch
Authors: Chen Jack Kun-Chieh , Altieri Nicholas D. , Kim Taeseung , Chen Ernest , Lill Thorsten , Shen Meihua , Chang Jane P.
Published: May 2017

Surface oxidation states of transition (Fe and Co) and noble (Pd and Pt) metals were tailored by controlled exposure to O2 plasmas, thereby enabling their removal by specific organic chemistries. Of all organic chemistries studied, formic acid was found to be the most effective in selectively removing the metal oxide layer in both the solution and vapor phase. The etch rates of Fe, Co, Pd, and Pt films, through an alternating plasma oxidation and formic acid vapor reaction process, were determined to be 4.2, 2.8, 1.2, and 0.5 nm/cycle, respectively. Oxidation by atomic oxygen was an isotropic process, leading to an isotropic etch profile by organic vapor. Oxidation by low energy and directional oxygen ions was an anisotropic process and thus results in an anisotropic etch profile by organic vapor. This is successfully demonstrated in the patterning of Co with a high selectivity over the TiN hardmask, while preserving the desired static magnetic characteristic of Co.
Satellites reveal contrasting responses of regional climate to the widespread greening of Earth
Authors: Forzieri Giovanni , Alkama Ramdane , Miralles Diego G. , Cescatti Alessandro
Published: May 2017

Increasing terrestrial biomass has important impacts on the climate that affects it.
Anti-coalescence of bosons on a lossy beam splitter
Authors: Vest Benjamin , Dheur Marie-Christine , Devaux Éloïse , Baron Alexandre , Rousseau Emmanuel , Hugonin Jean-Paul , Greffet Jean-Jacques , Messin Gaétan , Marquier François
Published: May 2017

To bunch or to antibunch

Particles of matter can be classed as either as bosons or fermions. Their
subsequent behavior in terms of their physical properties and interactions
depends on which quantum statistics they obey. Photons, for instance, are bosons
and tend to bunch. Electrons are fermions and tend to antibunch. Vest
et
al.
show that surface plasmon polaritons, a hybrid excitation of
light and electrons, can exhibit both kinds of behavior (see the Perspective by
Faccio). By tuning the level of loss in their system, bunching and antibunching
of interfering plasmons can be seen.

Science
, this issue p.
1373
; see also p.
1336
Genome Sequence of Brevibacillus laterosporus UNISS 18, a Pathogen of Mosquitoes and Flies
Authors: Camiolo Salvatore , Porceddu Andrea , Ruiu Luca
Published: May 2017

The entomopathogenic properties of
Brevibacillus laterosporus
UNISS 18 against insects are well documented. Here, we report the whole-genome sequence of this strain, which revealed the presence of several insecticide action-related genes. The deriving genetic information will help to elucidate the mechanisms underlying strain specificity and virulence against diverse target pests.
Dynamic characterization of Cu–Zr binary bulk metallic glasses: A molecular dynamics study
Authors: Imran Muhammad , Hussain Fayyaz , Altaf Saba , Rehman Abdul , Javid M. Arshad , Ismail Muhammad , Rashid Muhammad , Arif Khalil R.M. , Sattar Abdul , Ahmad S.A.
Published: May 2017

In the present study, a molecular dynamics simulation employing embedded atom method potential is performed to investigate the formation and characterization of CuZr bulk metallic glasses (BMGs). To elucidate the effect of component concentration of three samples of BMGs including Cu25Zr75, Cu50Zr50, and Cu75Zr25 that are formed by melt quenching. The local structure of BMGs is analyzed by means of radial distribution function and local atomic number density, ρ. The mechanical behavior of three compositions is investigated using uniaxial compressive loading at a constant strain rate. It is revealed from the results that yield strength increases with increasing Cu concentration. Thermal expansion of CuZr BMGs is examined and variation in length and volume is measured. The analysis revealed that Cu25Zr75, and Cu50Zr50 exhibited the typical expansion behavior while Cu75Zr25 showed an anomalous behavior.
Hawking evaporation cascade in the presence of backreaction effect
Authors: Paul Avik , Majhi Bibhas Ranjan
Published: May 2017

We study the cascade of Hawking emission spectrum from the event horizon in the presence of one loop backreaction effect in a black hole background. The space–time taken here is the modified Schwarzschild one. The analysis shows that it is possible to decrease the sparsity with the decrease in black hole mass. Moreover, at some particular value of mass, one has a continuous radiation cascade. This result is completely new and quite different from the usual one. An estimation of the mass for continuous one is also found. We see that the value is of the Planck mass order. In this process, it is observed that under a physical background, below a particular value of the mass, the Hawking radiation must stop and we have a remnant. This was absent in the earlier analysis.
Optical solitons in (n + 1) dimensions with Kerr and power law nonlinearities
Authors: Younis Muhammad
Published: May 2017

The paper studies the dynamics of optical solitons in [Formula: see text]-dimensional nonlinear Schrödinger equation with Kerr and power law nonlinearities that describe the propagation of light pulses in optical fibers. First time the dark and singular optical solitons are extracted in [Formula: see text] dimensions. The [Formula: see text]-expansion scheme is used to analyze these solutions. Additionally, the constraint conditions for the existence of the solutions are also listed. However, the scheme fails to retrieve the bright soliton.
An automated pipeline for mitochondrial segmentation on ATUM-SEM stacks
Authors: Li Weifu , Deng Hao , Rao Qiang , Xie Qiwei , Chen Xi , Han Hua
Published: May 2017

It is possible now to look more closely into mitochondrial physical structures due to the rapid development of electron microscope (EM). Mitochondrial physical structures play important roles in both cellular physiology and neuronal functions. Unfortunately, the segmentation of mitochondria from EM images has proven to be a difficult and challenging task, due to the presence of various subcellular structures, as well as image distortions in the sophisticated background. Although the current state-of-the-art algorithms have achieved some promising results, they have demonstrated poor performances on these mitochondria which are in close proximity to vesicles or various membranes. In order to overcome these limitations, this study proposes explicitly modelling the mitochondrial double membrane structures, and acquiring the image edges by way of ridge detection rather than by image gradient. In addition, this study also utilizes group-similarity in context to further optimize the local misleading segmentation. Then, the experimental results determined from the images acquired by automated tape-collecting ultramicrotome scanning electron microscopy (ATUM-SEM) demonstrate the effectiveness of this study’s proposed algorithm.
Comparing production cross-sections for QCD matter, Higgs boson, neutrino with dark energy in accelerating universe
Authors: Ghaffary Tooraj
Published: May 2017

In this research, the production cross-sections for quantum chromodynamics (QCD) matter, neutrino and dark energy due to acceleration of Universe are calculated. To obtain these cross-sections, the Universe production cross-section is multiplied by the particle or dark energy distribution in accelerating Universe. Also, missing cross-section for each matter and dark energy due to formation of event horizon is calculated. It is clear that the cross-section of particles produced near event horizon of Universe is much larger for higher acceleration of Universe. This is because as the acceleration of Universe becomes larger, the Unruh temperature becomes larger and the thermal radiations of particles are enhanced. There are different channels for producing Higgs boson in accelerating Universe. Universe may decay to quark and gluons, and then these particles interact with each other and Higgs boson is produced. Also, some Higgs bosons are emitted directly from event horizon of Universe. Comparing Higgs boson cross-sections via different channels, it is observed that at lower acceleration, [Formula: see text], the Universe will not be able to emit Higgs, but is still able to produce a quark and eventually for [Formula: see text] the Universe can only emit massless gluons. As the acceleration of Universe at the large hadron collider (LHC) increases, [Formula: see text], most of Higgs bosons production will be due to Unruh effect near event horizon of Universe. Finally comparing the production cross-section for dark energy with particle cross-sections, it is found that the cross-section for dark energy is dominated by QCD matter, Higgs boson and neutrino. This result is consistent with previous predictions for dark energy cross-section.
Disease activity in eosinophilic esophagitis is associated with impaired esophageal barrier integrity
Authors: Warners Marijn J. , van Rhijn Bram D. , Verheij Joanne , Smout Andreas J. P. M. , Bredenoord Albert J.
Published: May 2017

In eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE), the esophageal barrier integrity is impaired. Integrity can be assessed with different techniques. To assess the correlations between esophageal eosinophilia and various measures of mucosal integrity and to evaluate whether endoscopic impedance measurements can predict disease activity, endoscopies and mucosal integrity measurements were performed in adult EoE patients with active disease (≥15 eosinophils/high-power field) at baseline ( n = 32) and after fluticasone ( n = 15) and elemental dietary treatment ( n = 14) and in controls ( n = 19). Mucosal integrity was evaluated during endoscopy using electrical tissue spectroscopy (ETIS) measuring mucosal impedance and transepithelial electrical resistance (TER) and transepithelial molecule-flux through biopsy specimens in Ussing chambers. We included 61 measurements; 32 of patients at baseline and 29 after treatment, 3 patients dropped out. After treatment, 20 patients were in remission (≤15 eosinophils/high-power field) and these measurements were compared with 41 measurements of patients with active disease (at baseline or after failed treatment). All four mucosal integrity measures showed significant impairment in active EoE compared with remission. Eosinophilia was negatively correlated with ETIS and TER and positively with transepithelial molecule flux ( P ≤ 0.001). The optimal ETIS cutoff to predict disease activity was 6,000 Ω·m with a sensitivity of 79% [95% confidence interval (CI) 54–94%], specificity of 84% (95% CI 69–94%), positive predictive values of 89% (95% CI 77–95%) and negative predictive values of 71% (95% CI 54–84%). In EoE patients, markers of mucosal integrity correlate with esophageal eosinophilia. Additionally, endoscopic mucosal impedance measurements can predict disease activity.

NEW & NOTEWORTHY In adult patients with eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE), the mucosal integrity, measured by making use of four different parameters, correlates strongly with esophageal eosinophilia. The accuracy of endoscopically measured mucosal impedance to distinguish active disease from remission was acceptable with moderate specificity and sensitivity. Mucosal impedance measurements can predict disease activity in adult EoE patients.
Impact of ventilation-induced lung injury on the structure and function of lamellar bodies
Authors: Milos Scott , Khazaee Reza , McCaig Lynda A. , Nygard Karen , Gardiner Richard B. , Zuo Yi Y. , Yamashita Cory , Veldhuizen Ruud
Published: May 2017

Alterations to the pulmonary surfactant system have been observed consistently in ventilation-induced lung injury (VILI) including composition changes and impairments in the surface tension reducing ability of the isolated extracellular surfactant. However, there is limited information about the effects of VILI on the intracellular form of surfactant, the lamellar body. It is hypothesized that VILI leads to alterations of lamellar body numbers and function. To test this hypothesis, rats were randomized to one of three groups, nonventilated controls, control ventilation, and high tidal volume ventilation (VILI). Following physiological assessment to confirm lung injury, isolated lamellar bodies were tested for surfactant function on a constrained sessile drop surfactometer. A separate cohort of animals was used to fix the lungs followed by examination of lamellar body numbers and morphology using transmission electron microscopy. The results showed an impaired ability of reducing surface tension for the lamellar bodies isolated from the VILI group as compared with the two other groups. The morphological assessment revealed that the number, and the relative area covered by, lamellar bodies were significantly decreased in animals with VILI animals as compared with the other groups. It is concluded that VILI causes significant alterations to lamellar bodies. It is speculated that increased secretion causes a depletion of lamellar bodies that cannot be compensated by de novo synthesis of surfactant in these injured lungs.
Ocular changes over 60 min in supine and prone postures
Authors: Anderson Allison P. , Babu Gautam , Swan Jacob G. , Phillips Scott D. , Knaus Darin A. , Toutain-Kidd Christine M. , Zegans Michael E. , Fellows Abigail M. , Gui Jiang , Buckey Jay C.
Published: May 2017

Some astronauts are returning from long-duration spaceflight with structural ocular and visual changes. We investigated both the transient and sustained effects of changes in the direction of the gravity vector acting on the eye using changes in body posture. Intraocular pressure (IOP; measured by Perkins tonometer), ocular geometry (axial length, corneal thickness, and aqueous depth-noncontact biometer), and the choroid (volume and subfoveal thickness optical coherence tomography) were measured in 10 subjects (5 males and 5 females). Measures were taken over the course of 60 min and analyzed with repeated-measures analysis of covariance to assess the effects of posture and time. In the supine position, choroidal volume increased significantly with time (average value at <5 min = 8.8 ± 2.3 mm3, 60 min = 9.0 ± 2.4 mm3, P = 0.03). In the prone position, IOP and axial length increased with time (IOP at <5 min 15 ± 2.7 mmHg, 60 min = 19.8 ± 4.1 mmHg, P < 0.0001; axial length at <5 min = 24.29 ± 0.77 mm, 60 min = 24.31 ± 0.76 mm, P = 0.002). Each increased exponentially, with time constants of 5.3 and 14 min, respectively. Prone corneal thickness also increased with time (<5 min = 528 ± 35 μm, 60 min = 537 ± 35 μm3, P < 0.001). Aqueous depth was shortened in the prone position (baseline = 3.22 ± 0.31 mm, 60 min = 3.18 ± 0.32 mm, P < 0.0001) but did not change with time. The data show that changes in the gravity vector have pronounced transient and sustained effects on the geometry and physiology of the eye.

NEW & NOTEWORTHY We show that gravity has pronounced transient and sustained effects on the eye by making detailed ocular measurements over 60 min in the supine and prone postures. These data inform our understanding of how gravitational forces can affect ocular structures, which is essential for hypothesizing how ocular changes could occur with microgravity exposure.
A first report of the Broad-Tail Royal Creon cleobis Godart, 1824 (Insecta: Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae) and its host plant from Agasthyamalai Biosphere Reserve of the southern Western Ghats, India
Authors: Lekshmi Raveendran
Published: May 2017

The lycaenid butterfly Broad-tail Royal Creon cleobis is being reported for the first time from Agasthyamalai Biosphere Reserve, at Peppara Wildlife Sanctuary.  Adults were observed within the elevations of 1,000–1,350 m in November 2014.  The eggs, larva and pupa were found on Helixanthera intermedia, an endemic parasitic plant found in the southern Western Ghats.  Based on field observations and literature review, the peak occurrence of this butterfly seems to be during the months September–November.
Poststroke Fatigue: Emerging Evidence and Approaches to Management: A Scientific Statement for Healthcare Professionals From the American Heart Association
Authors: Hinkle Janice L. , Becker Kyra J. , Kim Jong S. , Choi-Kwon Smi , Saban Karen L. , McNair Norma , Mead Gillian E.
Published: May 2017

At least half of all stroke survivors experience fatigue; thus, it is a common cause of concern for patients, caregivers, and clinicians after stroke. This scientific statement provides an international perspective on the emerging evidence surrounding the incidence, prevalence, quality of life, and complex pathogenesis of poststroke fatigue. Evidence for pharmacological and nonpharmacological interventions for management are reviewed, as well as the effects of poststroke fatigue on both stroke survivors and caregivers.
New species of leaf-mining Nepticulidae (Lepidoptera) from the Neotropical and Ando-Patagonian regions, with new data on host plants
Authors: STONIS JONAS R. , REMEIKIS ANDRIUS , DIŠKUS ARŪNAS , MEGORAN NICK
Published: May 2017

The paper treats fifteen species of leaf-mining pygmy moths (Insecta, Lepidoptera, Nepticulidae) discovered in the Neotropics (British Virgin Islands, Belize, Costa Rica, Venezuela, and Ecuador), and Ando-Patagonian region (Argentina and Chile). Except for two species, all belong to Stigmella Schrank. Twelve species are new, and are named and described in the current paper: Stigmella apicibrunella Diškus & Stonis, sp. nov.; S. decora Diškus & Stonis, sp. nov.; S. unicaudata Remeikis & Stonis, sp. nov.; S. sanmartini Remeikis & Stonis, sp. nov.; S. patula Remeikis & Stonis, sp. nov.; S. torosa Remeikis & Stonis, sp. nov.; S. monstrata Remeikis & Stonis, sp. nov.; S. huahumi Remeikis & Stonis, sp. nov.; S. venezuelica Remeikis & Stonis, sp. nov.; S. virginica Remeikis & Stonis, sp. nov.; Fomoria miranda Diškus & Stonis, sp. nov.; and Hesperolyra robinsoni Stonis, sp. n. Newly discovered variation of male genitalia of the Andean Stigmella rudis Puplesis & Robinson, 2000 is briefly discussed, and the formerly poorly understood Stigmella hylomaga (Meyrick, 1931) is redescribed and documented with photographs for the first time. We also present more photographs and add some addtional information on Stigmella gallicola van Nieukerken & Nishida, a recently described gall-maker from Costa Rica.The paper also provides new host-plant data: some of the described (or redescribed) species are reported for the first time as leaf-miners on plants belonging to Euphorbiaceae (Acalypha padifolia Kunth), Salicaceae (Azara microphylla Hook. f.), Fabaceae (Inga spectabilis (Vahl) Willd. or I. edulis Mart.), Rhamnaceae (Colletia spinosissima J. F. Gmel.), Geraniaceae or Vivianiaceae (Rhynchotheca spinosa Ruiz & Pav.), and Asteraceae (Mutisia decurrens Cav.). All species treated in the paper are illustrated with photographs of the adults and genitalia, a distribution map, and also photographs of the leaf-mines and host plants when available.
A Multiobjective Resource Allocation Algorithm for Robust Project Scheduling
Authors: Chen Chao , Fan Changjun , Liang Xingxing
Published: May 2017

Resource allocation is an important procedure which involves allocating finite resources to the activities of a given baseline schedule. Based on the conception of Pareto Optimization, a multiobjective optimization approach for the resource allocation problem is proposed in this paper.
The problem is first described. Then the detailed procedure of the proposed algorithm is given. Finally, an extensive computational results obtained on a set of benchmark problems are reported.
New Numerical Approach for the Nonlinear Quadratic Integral Equations
Authors: Abdou M. A , Raad S. A
Published: May 2017

In this paper, the existence of a unique solution of the nonlinear quadratic integral equation (NQIE) of the second kind with continuous kernels, under certain conditions, is considered. Then, Adomian Decomposition Method (ADM) and new modifications have been considered
to obtain a nonlinear algebraic system (NAS), where the existence of a unique solution of this method is also, proved. Finally, numerical results are computed when the continuous kernels take some different forms. Moreover, the rate of convergence error, in each case, is computed.
A Finite Element Modeling for Performance Optimization in Elite Trampoline
Authors: Zuo Ning-Ning , Qian Jing-Guang , Ye Qiang
Published: May 2017

This paper built dynamic analysis on performance optimization and simulation in sports trampoline. The validity of this method is satisfied by comparing between the actual and the simulated loading experiment. The elite gymnasts take advantage of maximizing the elastic energy of the
trampoline bed with simulation analysis, which is a non-invasive method for individual optimal performance in training. Using this method, exploiting the elastic force from the trampoline bed during leg flexion and extension is available.
Speech Recognition Based on Feature Extraction with the Aid of Multi Support Vector Machine
Authors: Kanisha B , Balakrishnan G
Published: May 2017

Speech recognition process applications are emerging as ever-zooming and efficient mechanisms in the hi-tech universe. There is a host of diverse interactive speech-aware applications in the market. With the rocketing requirement for upcoming embedded platforms and with the incredible
increase in the demand for embedded computing, it is highly indispensable that the speech recognition systems (SRS) are put in place at the right time and in the proper form so that it is easily possible to perform multimedia tasks on these mechanisms. In this work, primarily through preprocessing
the speech signal is processed where for the recognition of the particular signal, the noise is detached and then it enters into feature extraction in that peak signal frequency and it is compared with the standard signal and recognized. The signal is processed and noise free signal is produced
by processing the signal to Mel frequency cepstral coefficients (MFCC), Tri-spectral feature, and discrete wave transform (DWT). To the input of the multi-class Support vector machine, the output of the above mentioned features is given. The processed signal is converted in to text by multi
SVM. It is proved that our proposed technique is better than the existing technique by comparing the existing technique (FFBN) feed forward back propagation with the proposed technique. The proposed technique is implemented in the working platform of MATLAB.
MCMC in Analysis of Progressively First Failure Censored Competing Risks Data for Gompertz Model
Authors: Bakoban R. A , Abd-Elmougod G. A
Published: May 2017

In medical studies or in reliability analysis, it is quite common that the failure of any individual or any item may be attributable to more than one cause. So in this paper, we consider the competing risks model with very general censoring scheme, namely progressive first-failure censored
scheme under the Gompertz life time distribution. The results in each of first-failure censoring, progressive Type II censoring, Type II censoring and complete sample are a special cases. We provide different methods for the analysis of the model under the assumption of independent causes
of failure and Gompertz distribution lifetimes. The maximum likelihood estimators (MLE’s) of the different parameters as well as approximate confidence intervals are presented. Bayesian estimation using MCMC method under the joint prior density as a product of a conditional gamma density
and inverted gamma density for unknown Gompertz parameters are presented. The analysis of a real data set to assess the performance of all these estimators, confidence intervals are developed using asymptotic distributions and Bayesian credible intervals for the parameters. The different methods
are compared through a simulation study.
Mechanical Properties of Epoxy Resin Composite in Hot and Humid Environment
Authors: Wu Kangning , Ou Xiang , Han Qiang
Published: May 2017

The mechanical properties of epoxy resin will be influenced significantly in hot and humid environment. So silica powder and other fillers are often used to improve the mechanical properties of epoxy resin in real productions. In this paper, the mechanical parameters of epoxy resin
and fused silica powder under different temperatures and moisture contents are investigated through the approaches of molecular dynamics simulation and generalized self-consistent method. There-after, the representative volume elements of epoxy resin and silica powder composite materials are
constructed. The mechanical parameters of the composite materials are obtained through finite element simulations. Through the comparison of the different approaches, it can be found that the mechanical properties of epoxy resin composite are dwindled in hot-humid environment, which can be
improved significantly by filling with silica powder.
Analytical Solution for MHD Flow of Unsteady Second Grade Fluid Arising in Wire Coating Analysis
Authors: Khan Zeeshan , Islam Saeed , Shah Rehan Ali , Jan Bilal , Imran Mohammad
Published: May 2017

The objective of this study is to present the analytical solution for the problem of magneto-hydrodynamic unsteady second grade fluid for wire coating in a cylindrical type coating die. To do so, we employ the Adomian Decomposition Method (ADM) to solve the governing nonlinear equation
(in dimensionless form). A parametric study is performed in order to illustrate the interactive influences of the model parameters; namely, the magnetic parameter, non-Newtonian parameter of the second grade fluid, and radii ratio. The velocity field is investigated for several sets of values
of these parameters. Additionally, the results are also verified by Optimal Homotopy Asymptotic Method (OHAM) and good agreement is found. Additionally, the results are validated with previously published pertinent literature as a limiting case of the problem.
Using Exponential Kernel for Semi-Supervised Word Sense Disambiguation
Authors: Chen Junting , Zhong Liyun , Cai Caiyun
Published: May 2017

Word sense disambiguation (WSD) in natural language text is a fundamental semantic understanding task at the lexical level in natural language processing (NLP) applications. Kernel methods such as support vector machine (SVM) have been successfully applied to WSD. This is mainly due
to their relatively high classification accuracy as well as their ability to handle high dimensional and sparse data. A significant challenge in WSD is to reduce the need for labeled training data while maintaining an acceptable performance. In this paper, we present a semi-supervised technique
using the exponential kernel for WSD. Specifically, the semantic similarities between terms are first determined with both labeled and unlabeled training data by means of a diffusion process on a graph defined by lexicon and co-occurrence information, and the exponential kernel is then constructed
based on the learned semantic similarity. Finally, the SVM classifier trains a model for each class during the training phase and this model is then applied to all test examples in the test phase. The main feature of this approach is that it takes advantage of the exponential kernel to reveal
the semantic similarities between terms in an unsupervised manner, which provides a kernel framework for semi-supervised learning. Experiments on several SENSEVAL benchmark data sets demonstrate the proposed approach is sound and effective.
Design of Real Time Video Encryption System Based on Adaptive Elastic Motion Model in H.264
Authors: Rajagopal S , Shenbagavalli A
Published: May 2017

For the safeguard of bit streams of H.264 video codec, a new method was offered by this paper. In this document an optimized way of producing motion parameters is suggested. An extremely secure encryption system for H.264 codec can be proposed by encrypting this optimized motion parameter.
The video compression is carried out with the help of adaptive PSO (Adaptive Particle Swarm Optimization) algorithm to obtain the best motion parameter in the elastic motion model of H.264 codec. Using ECC (Elliptic Curve Cryptography) algorithm the motion parameters are optimized and which
are next encrypted to encrypt the optimized motion vectors. The Encrypted motion vector is specified as input for coding stage of H.264, which generates an encrypted bit stream. Using Matlab working platform the suggested system is reproduced. The comparisons are made over the presented H.264
codec with the suggested H.264 codec.
Research on the Comprehensive Evaluation in Enterprise Operation Environment with Normal Distribution Interval Number
Authors: Zhang Biao , Yu Zu-Wei , Shao Ji-Shu
Published: May 2017

In this paper, we use the Choquet integral to propose the normal distribution interval number Choquet ordered averaging operator. The operator not only considers the importance of the elements, but also can reflect the correlations among the elements. It is worth pointing out that most
of the existing normal distribution interval numbers averaging operators are special cases of our operator. Finally an illustrative example for comprehensive evaluation in enterprise operation environment with normal distribution interval number is given to use the operator in the range of
uncertain multi-attribute decision-making. The results show that the method proposed in this paper is feasible.
Grey Relational Method for Evaluating the Macro-Economy Performance with Triangular Fuzzy Information
Authors: Jiang Xian-Ling , Zhao Yi-Lin
Published: May 2017

The new theory comes when the current economic circumstance cannot be explained. The Great Depression in 1930s severely smashed the world economy and no explanations and policies were provided by the classical laissez-faire until the Roosevelt New Deal took the world economy out of
depression. The macroeconomic theory has been brought out by John Maynard Keynes. Early this century, not only did the US Sub-prime crisis strongly affect the world economy, but also the macroeconomic theory. The development of the macroeconomic theory after the Sub-prime crisis becomes a
hot topic. In this paper, we investigate the multiple attribute decision making (MADM) problems for evaluating the macro-economy performance with triangular fuzzy information. Then, we extend the grey relational analysis (GRA) procedure for triangular fuzzy multiple attribute decision making
for evaluating the macro-economy performance in triangular fuzzy setting. According to the concept of the GRA, a fuzzy relative relational degree is defined to determine the ranking order of all alternatives by calculating the degree of fuzzy grey relational coefficient to both the triangular
fuzzy positive-ideal solution (TFPIS) and triangular fuzzy negative-ideal solution (TFNIS) simultaneously. Finally, an illustrative example for evaluating the macro-economy performance is given to verify the developed approach and to demonstrate its practicality and effectiveness.
A Complete Road Network Tracking System via Gaussian Hermite Kalman Filter-SLEGION Algorithm on Satellite Images
Authors: Kumar K. Madhan , Kanthavel R , Velayudham A
Published: May 2017

Road extraction from remotely sensed imagery is highly advantageous for fast road updating in Geographic Information System (GIS) data collection. Several techniques proposed in the literature have met with only partial success on account of complexity of time and accuracy. By reducing
the process time and improving the extracted details, we have launched, in this research, an efficient method is proposed to extract road region from the satellite images. Proposed method is made up of three phases: In first phase, the S-LEGION is carried out until stopping criterion is met.
Here, an efficient seed point selection technique is performed to the leader selection to S-LEGION. Then, instead of putting an end to the process, the results are passed to the GHKF (Phase II) which tends to recognize the continuation of the road after a likely obstacle or to locate all potential
road branches that might exist on the other side of a road junction. Finally, if any road segment cannot be extracted by means of phase I and phase II, faze III goes on with the remaining tracking process by means of S-LEGION. Results are offered for three satellite images. Evaluation for
the extracted road networks by means of satellite images shows that the accuracy of our tracker range is to the tune of 98.438% in cluster 10 and 15.
Silica/Polyurea Composite: Preparation, Characterization and Study of Dielectric Constant
Authors: Wang Botong , Xu Zebo , Wang Zhiqiang
Published: May 2017

Silica/polyurea composite was prepared after surface modification of silica nanoparticles. Silica/polyurea composite was characterized by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, ultraviolet spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy. The results indicate that
the helical polyurea has been successfully grafted onto the surfaces of the modified silica. Silica/polyurea composite exhibits clearly core–shell structure. The ultraviolet absorption and crystallizability of silica/polyurea are changed due to the shell of helical polyurea, which possesses
regular singlehanded conformation and interchain hydrogen bonds. The dielectric constant of silica/polyurea was also investigated. The result indicates that the interfacial interactions between organic shell and inorganic core increase the dielectric constant value being increased to 6.42
for silica/polyurea. The interchain hydrogen bonds of helical polyurea could also be the reason for the increasing of dielectric constant.
Generalized Young Equation of Cylindrical Droplets Between Two Parallel Cylinders
Authors: Zhou Long , Sun Guang-Hua , Wang Xiao-Song , Hu Ai-Jun
Published: May 2017

Wetting phenomenon of a solid by a liquid is of critical importance for our daily lives and many industrial applications. In this study, we thermodynamically derive a generalized Young equation of cylindrical droplets between two homogeneous and smooth parallel cylinders including the
influences of the line tension. The derivation is based on the concepts of Gibbs’s dividing surface and Rusanov’s dividing line in practice.
Study on the Mechanism of Enterprise Group’s Credit Risk Contagion
Authors: Qiao Yinjiu , Yuan Ke
Published: May 2017

In the face of today’s credit risk contagion problems of enterprise group, only through combining macroscopic economic environment with microscopic credit risk contagion mechanism of enterprise group can the macro-source and production mechanism of enterprise group’s credit
risk contagion be clearly observed. This paper constructs multi-index hierarchically structured model through analysis of quantifiable weight determining mechanism to analyze the credit risk contagion mechanism of enterprise groups, and obtains the source and proportion of the credit risk
of enterprise group generated under the influence of national macro-environment, and then analyzes the credit risk contagion mechanism of enterprise groups.
Industrial Low-Carbon Economy in Hebei Province and Countermeasures Based on Driving Force State Response Algorithm
Authors: Jing Xie , Na Xu , Lin Zhang
Published: May 2017

Due to the increase in global carbon dioxide emissions, climate change, rising sea levels and other issues have become increasingly prominent. In the three major industries, industrial emissions of carbon dioxide accounted for the largest proportion of the total emissions. Developing
a low-carbon economy, especially with regard to industrial low-carbon economy, has become the only way for Chinese society to achieve sustainable development. Building a scientific evaluation system of a low-carbon economy is an essential way to assess the level of regional industrial low-carbon
economy comprehensively and correctly. In this paper, we establish the Hebei low-carbon economy Evaluation System based on DSR model, according to the industrial carbon economic development in Hebei Province, using factor analysis to obtain the main factors affecting the low-carbon economy
in Hebei Province, establishing extended model, then propose measures for Hebei industrial low-carbon economic development.
New Application of Elzaki Projected Differential Transform Method
Authors: Suleman Muhammad , Elzaki Tarig. M , Wu Qingbiao , Anjum Naveed , Rahman Jamshaid Ul
Published: May 2017

In this Manuscript, a system of generalized Drinfeld-Sokolov (gDS) equations is considered, which can be used to model nonlinear wave processes in two component media. We apply Elzaki projected differential transform method for solving gDS. Compare the numerical results obtain by proposed
method with the exact solution. The comparison shows that EPDTM is reliable, accurate, and effective and gives the convergent solution. An error analysis of the obtained solution is provided.
Clustering Algorithm Based on the Direction of Overlapping Field of Views for Wireless Multimedia Sensor Networks
Authors: Salim Ahmed , Ramdan Hagar
Published: May 2017

Wireless Multimedia Sensor network (WMSN) composed of multiple video cameras with possibly overlapping field of views. Node clustering for coordinating multimedia sensing and processing based on classical sensor clustering algorithms cannot enable wireless multimedia sensor nodes to
sense areas that are uncorrelated to the areas covered by radio neighboring sensors. In this paper, a distributed clustering algorithm is proposed for WMSNs based on the coverage areas of the overlapped field of views (FoVs) and also on the direction of the FoV. A node may belong to multiple
clusters, if its FoV intersects more than one cluster-head which affects efficiently in terms of energy conservation in sensing and processing. Simulation results show that our proposed algorithm has a more advantage in energy conservation, and in decreasing the number of singular nodes which
impacts on the clustering efficiency and prolongs the network lifetime effectively.
Global Energy Minimization and Optimization of Multi-Target Tracking
Authors: Kamaraj Michael , Balakrishnan .
Published: May 2017

The recent multiple target tracking methods aim to obtain the best possible number of trajectories within the time frame, and few constraints have been set to handle the wide area of trajectories by discrete mapping. In this novel approach of multi target tracking, energy terms are
formulated to attain the global optimization which includes the entire representation of the issues such as target tracking, operational representation, collision handling and trajectory processing. Furthermore, two optimization strategies such as the gradient descent which is performed on
multiple feature space to obtain local minima of a density function from the given sample of data and gradient ascent which is carried out to achieve a likelihood matching of the target and used to handle the partial evidence of the image, and also uncertainty of the various targets are minimized.
The experimentation is performed on the openly available dataset and the mean target tracking accuracy and precision is studied to validate the proposed tracking.
GTMA: Localization in Wireless Sensor Network Based a Group of Tri-Mobile Anchors
Authors: Gumaida Bassam , Liu Chang , Luo Juan
Published: May 2017

Sensors positioning with high accuracy is a fundamental stone in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs). In outdoor environment which is hostile and unreachable, mobile anchors method is considered as an appropriate solution for locating unknown nodes. In this case, the key problems are the
trajectory mapping and the needed number of mobile anchors. These mobile anchors should travel along the trajectory in order to determine the positions of unknown nodes with minimum localization error. In this paper, a localization algorithm named Group of Tri-Mobile Anchors (GTMA) is proposed,
which is based on a group of tri-mobile anchors with adjustable square trajectory in the deployment area. The position of a target node is calculated by Trilateration. Simulation results show that the performance of the proposed algorithm GTMA is better than that of other algorithms adopted
one mobile anchor, e.g., HILBERT, LMAT and SPIRAL algorithms. This is clearly evident in both the localization accuracy and trajectory planning.
Heat and Mass Transfer of a MHD Flows of An Oldroyd 8-Constant Nano-Fluid Through a Non-Darcy Porous Medium
Authors: Shaaban Abeer A
Published: May 2017

Explicit finite-difference method was used to obtain the solution of the system of the non-linear ordinary differential equations which transform from the non-linear partial differential equations. These equations describe the steady magneto-hydrodynamic flow of an oldroyd 8-constant
non-Newtonian nano-fluid through a non-Darcy porous medium with heat and mass transfer. The induced magnetic field was taken into our consideration. The numerical formula of the velocity, the induced magnetic field, the temperature, the concentration, and the nanoparticle concentration distributions
of the problem were illustrated graphically. The effect of the material parameters (α1 α2), Darcy number Da, Forchheimer number Fs, Magnetic Pressure number RH, Magnetic Prandtl number Pm,
Prandtl number Pr, Radiation parameter Rn, Dufour number Nd, Brownian motion parameter Nb, Thermophoresis parameter Nt, Heat generation Q, Lewis number Le, and Sort number Ld
on those formula were discussed specially in the case of pure Coutte flow (U0 = 1, d     P ^
   /dx = 0). Also, an estimation of the global error for the numerical values of the solutions is calculated by using Zadunaisky technique.
Wavelet Based Induction Motor Fault Diagnosis Using Zero Sequence Current
Authors: Abitha Memala W , Rajini V
Published: May 2017

Induction motor stator fault is diagnosed by applying Discrete Wavelet transform on zero sequence components. The single phasing stator fault is created and diagnosed in the induction motor model developed in stationary reference frame, under varying load conditions. The stator inter-turn
incipient fault is created and diagnosed in the induction motor experimental setup as well under no load condition. The qdo components are calculated from Park’s equations. The faults can be diagnosed from wavelet transform of the zero sequence current components. PSD is used for diagnosing
the fault and the statistical value is used for verifying the result. The energy is calculated using Parseval’s theorem. The energy and the statistical data calculated from the wavelet coefficients of zero sequence current components are used as fault indicators. The energy value is
able to reveal the fault severity in the induction motor stator winding. Power spectral Density along with Discrete Wavelet Transform plays very important role in diagnosing the fault.
Rotation of Two-Temperature Generalized Thermoelastic Half-Space Subjected to Thermal Shock and Without Energy Dissipation
Authors: Al-Lehaibi Eman A. N
Published: May 2017

In this work, a mathematical model for the thermoelastic medium with constant elastic parameters in the context of two-temperature generalized thermoelasticity without energy dissipation has been constructed. The governing equations of the mathematical model will be taken when the medium
is quiescent first. Laplace transforms techniques will be used to get the general solution for any set of boundary conditions. The solution will be obtained for a particular model when the medium is subjected to a thermal load by using stat-space approach. The inversion of the Laplace transforms
will be calculated numerically and after that we’ll present the results graphically with some comparisons to study the impact of thermal or mechanical load on the speed of progress of mechanical and thermal waves through the medium. Also, to studying the effect of the two-temperature
parameter rotation parameter on all the studied field.
Dynamic Decision Making: Learning Processes and New Research Directions
Authors: Gonzalez Cleotilde , Fakhari Pegah , Busemeyer Jerome
Published: May 2017

Objective:

The aim of this manuscript is to provide a review of contemporary research and applications on dynamic decision making (DDM).

Background:

Since early DDM studies, there has been little systematic progress in understanding decision making in complex, dynamic systems. Our review contributes to better understanding of decision making processes in dynamic tasks.

Method:

We discuss new research directions in DDM to highlight the value of simplification in the study of complex decision processes, divided into experimental and theoretical/computational approaches, and focus on problems involving control tasks and search-and-choice tasks. In computational modeling, we discuss recent developments in instance-based learning and reinforcement learning that advance modeling the processes of dynamic decisions.

Results:

Results from DDM research reflect a trend to scale down the complexity of DDM tasks to facilitate the study of the process of decision making. Recent research focuses on the dynamic complexity emerging from the interactions of actions and outcomes over time even in simple dynamic tasks.

Conclusion:

The study of DDM in theory and practice continues to be a priority area of research. New research directions can help the human factors community to understand the effects of experience, knowledge, and adaption processes in DDM tasks, but research challenges remain to be addressed, and the recent perspectives discussed can help advance a systematic DDM research program.

Application:

Classical domains, such as automated pilot systems, fighting fires, and medical emergencies, continue to be central applications of basic DDM research, but new domains, such as cybersecurity, climate change, and forensic science, are emerging as other important applications.