bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Contextual Comparison of Risk Behaviors among Older Adult Drug Users and Harm Reduction in Suburban Versus Inner-city Social Environments
Authors: Boeri Miriam W. , Tyndall Benjamin D.
Published: July 2017

Recent epidemiological data show that older adults comprise a growing age group of drug users and new AIDS cases in the United States. Prevention and intervention studies show that risk behaviors leading to HIV infection are increasing among older users, particularly among the socially vulnerable. Yet older adults remain an underresearched population of drug users and little is known about their risk behaviors. Our aim is to address this gap in knowledge on older users by comparing contextual factors that influence risk behaviors and harm reduction strategies practiced by older drug users living in different communities. This study is based on ethnographic fieldwork in suburban and inner-city neighborhoods in a large metropolitan area in the southeastern United States. Interviewers conducted face-to-face, in-depth, life history interviews with 69 older adults (ages 45 and older) who used heroin, cocaine, and/or methamphetamine. Findings show that while risk behaviors were similar among older adult drug users living in suburban and inner-city environments, the provision of harm reduction education and paraphernalia varied widely. The results show the need for the expansion of harm reduction services focused on older adult drug users who are homeless, uninsured, or socially isolated. This application-oriented research will inform health care and treatment providers and generate new directions for future collaborative harm reduction services aimed to decrease the spread of HIV and other infectious diseases associated with drug use.
Recurrent neural network estimation of material removal rate in electrical discharge machining of AISI D2 tool steel
Authors: Pradhan M K , Das R
Published: July 2017

An Elman network is used for the prediction of material removal rate (MRR) in electrical discharge machining (EDM). An Elman network is a dynamic recurrent neural network that can be used to model non-linear dynamic systems. Training of the models is performed with data from series of EDM experiments on AISI D2 tool steel from finishing, semi-finish to roughing operations. The machining parameters such as discharge current, pulse duration, duty cycle, and voltage were used as model input variables during the development of predictive models. The developed model is validated with a new set of experimental data that was not used for the training step. The mean percentage error of the model is found to be less than 6 per cent, which shows that the proposed model can satisfactorily predict the MRR in EDM.
Curvilinear tool path generation for pocket machining
Authors: Xiong Z-H , Zhuang C-G , Ding H
Published: July 2017

In this paper, a curvilinear tool path generation method with implicit moving boundaries is presented for pocket machining. The pocket profile is implicitly embedded into a higher-dimensional function, namely the level set function, and is represented with the zero level set as a moving boundary. In order to generate low-curvature parallel boundaries, curvature flow motion is adopted during the evolution of the moving boundaries. The topological changes of the profile offsets are naturally handled by propagating the moving boundaries. The curvilinear tool path is then constructed between adjacent offsets. For complex pockets with elongated narrow sections, the implicit medial axis transformation is proposed to partition the large rounded region and elongated regions. The large rounded pocket region employs the proposed curvilinear tool path, and the elongated narrow regions use continuous arcs, respectively. The proposed tool path generation method is suitable for high-speed machining of pockets with islands and consists of both rounded and elongated narrow regions.
Assessing the impacts of changing public service provision on geographical accessibility: An examination of public library provision in Pembrokeshire, South Wales
Authors: Higgs Gary , Jones Samuel , Langford Mitchel , Heley Jesse
Published: July 2017

Public libraries make an important contribution to the wellbeing of local people often acting as community hubs by reducing the isolation felt by vulnerable members of society through promoting social interaction and supporting the wider needs of local communities. However, access to libraries is threatened in Wales, as elsewhere in the UK, by uncertainty stemming from changes in local government service delivery models, austerity-driven cuts in public spending, changing demands on the service from the public and the potential impacts of new developments in digital services and technologies. Drawing on network-based analysis of changes to library services in a predominantly rural authority in South-West Wales, the aim of this paper is to demonstrate how Geographical Information Systems can be used to monitor the impacts of alternative models of provision currently being considered by library authorities. By examining the spatial impacts of changes in services following a period of re-configuration in this library authority, we point the way to methods that enable levels of provision that meet community needs to be sought during times of budgetary pressures and proposed changes to the delivery of public services.
Outcomes of Primary Reverse Shoulder Arthroplasty for Dislocation Arthropathy
Authors: Chalmers Brian P , Wagner Eric R , Houdek Matthew T , Sperling John W , Cofield Robert H , Sanchez-Sotelo Joaquin
Published: July 2017

Background

Proper soft tissue balance is paramount to maintaining stability and a functional arc of motion in shoulder arthroplasty but is impaired in patients with prior glenohumeral (GH) dislocations. The purpose of this study was to determine the clinical outcomes, revisions, and complications of reverse shoulder arthroplasty (RSA) in patients with a history of glenohumeral dislocation.

Methods

Twenty-four patients with a history of GH dislocations that developed arthropathy underwent primary RSA from 2007 to 2013 were retrospectively reviewed. Mean follow-up was 3.3 years (2–7 years). Mean age was 70 years. Eight patients (33%) and 7 patients (29%) had complete or partial subscapularis deficiency, respectively.

Results

Twenty-two patients (92%) had little to no pain at final follow-up. Mean shoulder elevation improved from 48° to 120° ( P < .001) and mean external rotation increased from 13.2° to 48° ( P < .001). There were trends toward less complete pain relief and poorer motion in those with complete subscapularis deficiency. None of the patients experienced a postoperative dislocation or evidence of glenoid loosening at final radiographic follow-up, but 1 patient (4.2%) underwent early revision to a hemiarthroplasty for glenoid loosening.

Conclusion

RSA provides patients with prior glenohumeral dislocations a stable, pain-free arc of motion. Postoperative instability was not identified as a major failure mode at short-term follow-up. Complete subscapularis deficiency is a risk factor for poorer clinical outcome.
A novel function for the IκB inhibitor Cactus in promoting Dorsal nuclear localization and activity in the Drosophila embryo
Authors: Cardoso Maira Arruda , Fontenele Marcio , Lim Bomyi , Bisch Paulo Mascarello , Shvartsman Stanislav Y. , Araujo Helena Marcolla
Published: July 2017

The evolutionarily conserved Toll signaling pathway controls innate immunity across phyla and embryonic patterning in insects. In the Drosophila embryo, Toll is required to establish gene expression domains along the dorsal-ventral axis. Pathway activation induces degradation of the IκB inhibitor Cactus, resulting in a ventral-to-dorsal nuclear gradient of the NFκB effector Dorsal. Here, we investigate how cactus modulates Toll signals through its effects on the Dorsal gradient and on Dorsal target genes. Quantitative analysis using a series of loss- and gain-of-function conditions shows that the ventral and lateral aspects of the Dorsal gradient can behave differently with respect to Cactus fluctuations. In lateral and dorsal embryo domains, loss of Cactus allows more Dorsal to translocate to the nucleus. Unexpectedly, cactus loss-of-function alleles decrease Dorsal nuclear localization ventrally, where Toll signals are high. Overexpression analysis suggests that this ability of Cactus to enhance Toll stems from the mobilization of a free Cactus pool induced by the Calpain A protease. These results indicate that Cactus acts to bolster Dorsal activation, in addition to its role as a NFκB inhibitor, ensuring a correct response to Toll signals.
Cas9-mediated excision of Nematostella brachyury disrupts endoderm development, pharynx formation and oral-aboral patterning
Authors: Servetnick Marc D. , Steinworth Bailey , Babonis Leslie S. , Simmons David , Salinas-Saavedra Miguel , Martindale Mark Q.
Published: July 2017

The mesoderm is a key novelty in animal evolution, although we understand little of how the mesoderm arose. brachyury, the founding member of the T-box gene family, is a key gene in chordate mesoderm development. However, the brachyury gene was present in the common ancestor of fungi and animals long before mesoderm appeared. To explore ancestral roles of brachyury prior to the evolution of definitive mesoderm, we excised the gene using CRISPR/Cas9 in the diploblastic cnidarian Nematostella vectensis. Nvbrachyury is normally expressed in precursors of the pharynx, which separates endoderm from ectoderm. In knockout embryos, the pharynx does not form, embryos fail to elongate, and endoderm organization, ectodermal cell polarity and patterning along the oral-aboral axis are disrupted. Expression of many genes both inside and outside the Nvbrachyury expression domain is affected, including downregulation of Wnt genes at the oral pole. Our results point to an ancient role for brachyury in morphogenesis, cell polarity and the patterning of both ectodermal and endodermal derivatives along the primary body axis.
CRISPR-induced null alleles show that Frost protects Drosophila melanogaster reproduction after cold exposure
Authors: Newman Claire E. , Toxopeus Jantina , Udaka Hiroko , Ahn Soohyun , Martynowicz David M. , Graether Steffen P. , Sinclair Brent J. , Percival-Smith Anthony
Published: July 2017

The ability to survive and reproduce after cold exposure is important in all kingdoms of life. However, even in a sophisticated genetic model system like Drosophila melanogaster, few genes have been identified as functioning in cold tolerance. The accumulation of the Frost (Fst) gene transcript increases after cold exposure, making it a good candidate for a gene that has a role in cold tolerance. However, despite extensive RNAi knockdown analysis, no role in cold tolerance has been assigned to Fst. CRISPR is an effective technique for completely knocking down genes, and less likely to produce off-target effects than GAL4-UAS RNAi systems. We have used CRISPR-mediated homologous recombination to generate Fst null alleles, and these Fst alleles uncovered a requirement for FST protein in maintaining female fecundity following cold exposure. However, FST does not have a direct role in survival following cold exposure. FST mRNA accumulates in the Malpighian tubules, and the FST protein is a highly disordered protein with a putative signal peptide for export from the cell. Future work is needed to determine whether FST is exported from the Malpighian tubules and directly interacts with female reproductive tissues post-cold exposure, or if it is required for other repair/recovery functions that indirectly alter energy allocation to reproduction.
Clinical usefulness of the mDIXON Quant the method for estimation of the salivary gland fat fraction: comparison with MR spectroscopy
Authors: Kise Yoshitaka , Chikui Toru , Yamashita Yasuo , Kobayashi Koji , Yoshiura Kazunori
Published: July 2017

Objective:

To estimate the fat fraction (FF) in the salivary glands (SGs) by the mDIXON method and the 1H−MR spectroscopy (MRS) method, and to compare the results.

Methods:

16 healthy volunteers were enrolled. mDIXON Quant and MRS (point-resolved spectroscopy: PRESS) with a single TE were employed to measure the FF in the parotid gland (PG) and submandibular gland (SMG). Multiple TEs were applied in 10 volunteers to correct for T  2 decay. In addition, we assumed that the 1.3 ppm peak accounted for 60% of the total fat peak and estimated the FF (MRS all) as a gold standard. On mDIXON Quant images, volumes of interest were set on the bilateral SGs and we obtained the FF (mDIXON) of each volume of interest.

Results:

There was a strong correlation between the results of the mDIXON Quant method and the MRS (single TE) method (R  2 = 0.960, slope = 0.900). Using PRESS with multiple TEs, there was also a strong correlation between FF (mDIXON) and FF (MRS all) (R  2 = 0.963, slope = 1.18). FF (MRS all) was 24.9±12.7% in the PG and 4.5±3.0% in the SMG, while FF (mDIXON) was 29.4±16.2% in the PG and 6.4±4.7% in the SMG. There were no significant differences between the two methods, but the Bland-Altman plot showed that FF (mDIXON) was slightly larger than FF (MRS all) for small FF areas.

Conclusion:

The mDIXON Quant method could be clinically useful for evaluating the FF of SGs, but the absolute values need careful interpretation.

Advance in knowledge:

This study suggested the potential clinical usefulness of the mDIXON Quant method for the SGs.
Third version of vendor-specific model-based iterativereconstruction (Veo 3.0): evaluation of CT image quality in the abdomen using new noise reduction presets and varied slice optimization
Authors: Telesmanich Morgan E , Jensen Corey T , Enriquez Jose L , Wagner-Bartak Nicolaus A , Liu Xinming , Le Ott , Wei Wei , Chandler Adam G , Tamm Eric P
Published: July 2017

Objective:

To qualitatively and quantitatively compare abdominal CT images reconstructed with a newversion of model-based iterative reconstruction (Veo 3.0; GE Healthcare Waukesha, WI) utilizing varied presetsof resolution preference, noise reduction and slice optimization.

Methods:

This retrospective study was approved by our Institutional Review Board and was Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act compliant. The raw datafrom 30 consecutive patients who had undergone CT abdomen scanning were used to reconstructfour clinical presets of 3.75mm axial images using Veo 3.0: 5% resolution preference (RP05n), 5%noise reduction (NR05) and 40% noise reduction (NR40) with new 3.75mm “sliceoptimization,” as well as one set using RP05 with conventional 0.625mm “slice optimization” (RP05c).

The images were reviewed by two independent readers in a blinded, randomized manner using a 5-point Likert scale as well as a 5-point comparative scale. Multiple two-dimensional circular regions of interest were defined for noise and contrast-to-noise ratio measurements. Line profiles were drawn across the 7 lp cm–1 bar pattern of the Catphan 600 phantom for evaluation of spatial resolution.

Results:

The NR05 image set was ranked as the best series in overall image quality (mean difference inrank 0.48, 95% CI [0.081–0.88], p = 0.01) and with specific reference to liver evaluation (meandifference 0.46, 95% CI [0.030–0.89], p= 0.03), when compared with the secondbest series ineach category. RP05n was ranked as the best for bone evaluation. NR40 was ranked assignificantly inferior across all assessed categories. Although the NR05 and RP05c image setshad nearly the same contrast-to-noise ratio and spatial resolution, NR05 was generally preferred.

Image noise and spatial resolution increased along a spectrum with RP05n the highest and NR40the lowest. Compared to RP05n, the average noise was 21.01% lower for NR05, 26.88%lower for RP05c and 50.86% lower for NR40.

Conclusion:

Veo 3.0 clinical presets allow for selection of image noise and spatial resolution balance; for contrast-enhanced CT evaluation of the abdomen, the 5% noise reduction preset with 3.75 mm slice optimization (NR05) was generally ranked superior qualitatively and, relative to other series, was in the middle of the spectrum with reference to image noise and spatial resolution.

Advances in knowledge:

To our knowledge, this is the first study of Veo 3.0 noise reduction presets and varied slice optimization. This study provides insight into the behaviour of slice optimization and documents the degree of noise reduction and spatial resolution changes that users can expect across various Veo 3.0 clinical presets. These results provide important parameters to guide preset selection for both clinical and research purposes.
Visceral adipose tissue area measurement at a single level: can it represent visceral adipose tissue volume?
Authors: Noumura Yusuke , Kamishima Tamotsu , Sutherland Kenneth , Nishimura Hideho
Published: July 2017

Objective:

Measurement of visceral adipose tissue (VAT) needs to be accurate and sensitive to change for risk monitoring. The purpose of this study is to determine the CT slice location where VAT area can best reflect changes in VAT volume and body weight.

Methods:

60 plain abdominal CT images from 30 males [mean age (range) 51 (41–68) years, mean body weight (range) 71.1 (101.9–50.9) kg] who underwent workplace screenings twice within a 1-year interval were evaluated. Automatically calculated and manually corrected areas of the VAT of various scan levels using “freeform curve” region of interest on CT were recorded and compared with body weight changes.

Results:

The strongest correlations of VAT area with VAT volume and body weight changes were shown in a slice 3 cm above the lower margin of L3 with r values of 0.853 and 0.902, respectively.

Conclusion:

VAT area measurement at a single level 3 cm above the lower margin of the L3 vertebra is feasible and can reflect changes in VAT volume and body weight.

Advances in knowledge:

As VAT area at a CT slice 3 cm above the lower margin of L3 can best reflect interval changes in VAT volume and body weight, VAT area measurement should be selected at this location.
Evaluation of forests located on agricultural lands in the Bryansk region
Authors: Глушенков  , Glushenkov Oleg , Перепечина  , Perepechina Yuliya , Корсиков  , Korsikov Ruslan
Published: July 2017

Object of study is forests, newly emerged on agricultural lands due to their withdrawal from agricultural use in the early 90s in the territory of the Bryansk region. Relevance of the work is indicated by absence of any mechanism of account and use of these forests. The analysis of the process of fields overgrowing with woody vegetation, for integrated and sustainable use of emerging plants is made, the technique of their account is proposed. To conduct the study plots of forest renewed in agricultural fields were selected, taking into consideration the composition of adjacent stands. In selected plantations temporary plots were laid, size was determined by number of trees - not less than 300 pieces. Test plots were laid at a distance of 51-100 m from the wall of the forest. Trees were determined by age, height was measured. Scots pine, silver birch and goat willow are the most commonly found species in abandoned fields. By the age of 5 years, pine, willow have a height of 1.1 m, and birch by 6 years – about 2 m. Pine in this situation manifests itself as a pioneer species , but it is inferior to the birch in growth rate. Conducting interpretation of satellite images with resolution of 2.5 m it was found that forest area of 120.6 thousand hectares are unaccounted for in HLB and Gil of the region, which corresponds to the forest area the Oryol region. In accordance with the recommendations of the UN FAO, these forests should be accounted, characteristics should be given and their continued use should be determined. On the basis of these forest areas should be organized in municipal forestry, regulations should be developed and forestries should function. After determine the cutting age in a birch business section (V / 41-50) according to the age of quantitative maturity, after logging, these lands can be reused for agricultural production.
Modernization of the upper head of the bucket elevator
Authors: Шатохин  , Shatokhin Ivan , Дерканосова  , Derkanosova Natalya , Оробинский  , Orobinskiy Vladimir , Парфенов  , Parfenov Aleksey
Published: July 2017

Studies of many authors show that injury of seeds has a negative effect, both on seeds and food grains. Damage in food grains reduces its trade, technological and baking performances. The main reasons causing injury to the seed, is mechanical action of the working bodies of machines and implements for post-harvest treatment of seeds. In this injury will be greater, the greater the speed of the seeds moving. Analysis of the distribution of injury between the individual elements of the line revealed that about 50 % of all injury of grain (28.3 %) falls on transporting machines. From above it follows that a reduction of injury to the seeds is an important problem, which is caused by the need to solve large yield losses, worsening of seeds storage and decrease in quality of the seed, and it is necessary firstly to investigate the possibility of improving the quality of conveying machines, and in particular , bucket elevators. This is because grain cleaning machines provide improved cleaning quality of grain, and conveying ones- conversely increase its. Taking into account that in cleaning lines usually there are several elevators, the reduction of seed damage by them will substantially improve the quality of the processed material. For this purpose, it is necessary to improve bucket elevators, providing softer mode. In this regard, the work was done to improve the design of the upper head of the elevator to reduce feedback eruption. On this construction patent for utility model number ZA 140052 was received. On the basis of this patent bucket elevator was refitted, in which head was an additional horizontal belt conveyor. Experimental studies have been conducted to identify the degree of feedback. It was found that an additional belt conveyor helps to reduce feedback rash when its speed is higher than the speed of bucket belt.
UTILIZATION OF GAS TURBINE POWER PLANT’S EXHAUST GASES BY STIRLING ENGINE
Authors: Горожанкин  , Gorozhankin S. , Чухаркин  , Chukharkin A.
Published: July 2017

The article researches a feasibility of real cycles of combined power plants including gas turbine engines and Stirling engines. The variant of construction concepts of such power plants has been considered. The analysis of thermodynamic cycles has been performed, the dependences to calculate their basic parameters has been founded. Based on the research results quantify the heat utilization degree of the combustion products of a gas turbine engine for the Stirling engine has been given. Stirling engine’s efficiency, power and combined power plant’s efficiency in general has been identified. The heat exchanger’s type and heat transfer agent has been proposed, the optimal parameters by conditions of maximum efficiency of the plant has been identified. Proposals for the application and the empowerment of such power plants as part of the vehicles has been offered.
THE EXPERIMENTAL EVALUATION OF THE CHANGE OF THE DYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF THE CAR VAZ-2110 IN THE EXPLOITATION WHEN USING PETROL AND GAS FUELS
Authors: Абрамов  , Abramov D.
Published: July 2017

The experimental method is proposed for determination of own actual index of dynamics of the car using a measuring system on the basis of linear accelerometers. A comparison of the dynamic properties of the car VAZ-2110 when using petrol and gas fuels
INVESTIGATION OF OPERATION HYDRAULIC MACHINES IN THE COMPOSITION HYDRO VOLUMETRIC-MECHANICAL TRANSMISSION IN THE ZERO MODE
Authors: Митцель  , Mittsel N.
Published: July 2017

The article prompted a comparison of the results of the identification of "special zone" of the transmission method of matrix analysis and advanced method Kistochkina E. S. with experimental
ARRANGEMENTS FOR IMPROVING ROAD SAFETY ON THE EXAMPLE OF INTERSECTION IN OREL
Authors: Евграшин  , Evgrashin V. , Алёкминский  , Alekminskiy D. , Кожин  , Kozhin D. , Баранов  , Baranov Yu.
Published: July 2017

The results of the work on optimizing road system in Orel on an example of particular intersection are presented in the article. The characteristic of the object of study, the analysis of research in this area and the results of research in the form of organizational measures for improving road safety are given.
ON TRANSPORT SECURITY IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION
Authors: Попова  , Popova G. , Степин  , Stepin Yu
Published: July 2017

The article considers terrorist acts on all kinds in the Russian Federation, the most vulnerable mode of transport. And also the comparison of the number of terrorist acts before and after the entry into force of the Federal law "On transport security".
EFFECT OF TOTAL HOUSEHOLD INCOME ON TRANSPORT MOBILITY OF THE POPULATION
Authors: Рыжова  , Ryzhova A. , Дьячкова  , Djachkova O. , Володькин  , Volodkin P.
Published: July 2017

The article is the results of the study population according to the choice of mode of transport on the level of total family income
The human capital of the organization in terms of business value assessment
Authors: Ворожбит  , Vorozhbit Ol'ga , Даниловских  , Danilovskih Tat'yana , Кузьмичева  , Kuz'micheva Irina , Уксуменко  , Uksumenko Alena
Published: July 2017

The evolution of the concept of "human capital" levels are formed, place in the structure of intangible assets as part of the organization's intellectual property. Lit methodological approaches used in Russia and abroad for the evaluation of human capital, provides a case study based on the practice of professional valuers. The characteristic of the external environment of an organization as a source of human capital from the position of identification of points of growth in a changing international environment. The monograph will be useful for students of undergraduate and graduate programs, faculty and all those interested in the valuation of human capital of the organization.
Formation of wear-resistant composite coatings on titanium alloys in the electric arc treatment of aqueous electrolytes
Authors: Жевтун Иван , Zhevtun Ivan , Гордиенко Павел , Gordienko Pavel , Ярусова Софья , Yarusova Sof'ya
Published: July 2017

The monograph presents the results of studying the formation process on titanium alloys of wear-resistant composite coatings based on titanium carbide during electric arc treatment in aqueous electrolytes. The regularities in the composition, structure, and functional properties of the surface during treatment are shown, as well as when doping the two-component Ti-TiC system with transition and valve metals. Theoretical representations of the plasma surface treatment of a metal surface are presented, including a review of the physicochemical mechanism and a thermodynamic analysis of the titanium carbide phase formation in the bulk of the titanium alloy. Some prospects for the practical application of electric arc composite Ti-TiC-coatings are shown. The work may be of interest to engineers, graduate students and researchers involved in the plasma treatment of metals and producing coatings, as well as experts of material science working in the field of creating and treatment new materials.
IMPROVEMENT AND CALCULATION OF TRAFFIC SIGNAL CYCLE TO REDUCE CONGESTION BY USING A PHASE COEFFICIENT
Authors: Данилов  , Danilov I. , Попова  , Popova I.
Published: July 2017

The article describes the method of calculating the optimum values of the traffic light phase, which will minimize traffic congestion. Conditions of occurrence of traffic jams were analyzed. A graph of the phase factor of the burning time of traffic light was composed
TO THE QUESTION OF THE ASSESSMENT OF PRODUCTIVITY OF THE ROLLING STOCK DEPENDING ON THE TERM OF ITS OPERATION
Authors: Альметова  , Almetova Z. , Герль  , Gerl K.
Published: July 2017

In article it is offered, application new capacity factor of the rolling stock, which depends on the term of operation of the car. Application of this coefficient influences predictability efficiency of transportation process, that is presented by various schedules
STEPS FOR THE CURRENT PLANNING WORK GOODS ROAD COMPANIES IN VIEW OF EXTERNAL THREATS AND OPPORTUNITIES
Authors: Трофимова  , Trofimova L. , Хамова  , Khamova A.
Published: July 2017

The article describes the external threats and opportunities, which take into account the po-litical, market, competitive, social, economic and technological factors for the practice of the freight motor transport enterprise. Developed stages of this planning, which should be used in the practice of the cargo motor transportation enterprise in theory for the mathematical description of the operation of the cargo motor transport enterprise.
ANALYSIS OF OPERATION OF HYBRID VEHICLES IN ELECTRIC DRIVE TRAIN MODE
Authors: Толмачев  , Tolmachev P. , Попов  , Popov I. , Хмелев  , Khmelev R.
Published: July 2017

The article is devoted to the analysis of operation vehicles with hybrid power plants in electric drive train mode. The main advantages of hybrid vehicles were considered when driving using the electric motor. The experiments were conducted on the stand GNFA HE-3020 which is simulating the operation of a hybrid vehicle the Peugeot 3008 Hybrid4. The impact of road conditions on the power reserve and the recuperation of energy were analyzed. Based on results, the graphs were constructed and regression equations were made.
CALCULATION OF FUEL CONSUMPTION IN TRANSPORT
Authors: Кривошапов  , Krivoshapov S.
Published: July 2017

An analytical method for calculating fuel of transport vehicles. A feature of the technique is that the calculations attached to the load and speed mode of the machine. The efficiency of the machinery was assessed a single parameter - the vehicle efficiency factor. The methodology will take into account the design parameters of the vehicle, and a variety of operating conditions.
IMPROVED METHODS OF DIAGNOSIS OF DIESEL TRUCK ENGINES EXHAUST GAS
Authors: Мишин  , Mishin S. , Тихомиров  , Tikhomirov P.
Published: July 2017

The investigations of modern methods of diagnosing of diesel truck engines exhaust gases. The submission provides an overview of the diagnosis techniques, which are held both in domestic and in foreign countries. The technique of improving the diagnosis of toxic substances
THE WASTEWATER SYSTEM OF THE ENTERPRISES OF MOTOR TRANSPORT
Authors: Прохорова  , Prokhorova N. , Дорохин  , Dorokhin S. , Прохоров  , Prokhorov D.
Published: July 2017

With the growth of industry increases the amount of toxic substances established in the environment. The quality of maintenance and repair of vehicles directly affects the level of environmental safety. Ensuring necessary levels of health and environmental safety of the car Park, primarily based on ensuring ecological safety of objects of road service.
Basics of designing reconstruction of subsidiary crops in forest management
Authors: Чернышов  , Chernyshov Mikhail , Тувышкина  , Tuvyshkina Margarita , Куприн  , Kuprin Yuriy , Азон  , Azon Ermann
Published: July 2017

The basic objectives and principles of the design for reconstruction of different categories of subsidiary crops during forest management are considered. An algorithm for computer-aided design based on a systematic approach that allows eliminating subjectivity of engineer-taxator when making design decisions is suggested. This algorithm can reliably establish the area and structure of the fund of subsidiary crops, as well as to forecast changes in the area by categories of forest land, categories of subsidiary crops and forest forming species by years and by the end of the revision period.
Protected areas as "core" recreation framework of the Voronezh urban agglomeration
Authors: Якименко  , Yakimenko Olga , Григорьевская  , Grigorevskaya Anna , Лисова  , Lisova Olga , Прохорова  , Prokhorova Nadezhda
Published: July 2017

The conducted studies reflect the current state of protected areas and the composition of dendroflora. The recommendations for protected areas reconstruction and prospects of their use are suggested. A map of PA (existing and future) disposition for a fragment of the Voronezh ur-ban agglomeration map is made.
Evaluation of green trees children´s park "Eaglet" in Voronezh
Authors: Разинкова  , Razinkova Aleksandra , Перелыгина  , Perelygina Elena
Published: July 2017

The article deals with the issues of green spaces dedicated to public use by the example of the children´s park "Eaglet". The studies were conducted using standard methods forest pathology survey - continuous enumeration. In carrying out comprehensive studies on the evaluation of plants used standard methods of taxation, silvicultural, environmental, geographical and botani-cal research. The main purpose of the survey was a full-scale analysis of the structure and as-sessment of existing plantations. The structure of plants includes the determination of the species composition, age structure, the nature and density of plants.
Determination of the optimal network planning transport and process streams of the timber using special methods of linear programming
Authors: Сушков  , Sushkov Sergey , Пильник  , Pilnik Yuliya
Published: July 2017

The subject of research is methods and models of analysis of transport development as an integral part of the forest complex for the purpose of developing and selecting the most effective ones for modeling and optimizing the transportation of timber. The relevance of the research problem transport development and increase of economic efficiency of use of available resources due to the fact that existing transport systems are not yet fully what´s causing the increase in transportation costs.
Using an electromagnetic activation of natural clinoptilolite wastewater treatment furniture companies of formaldehyde and heavy metals
Authors: Анисимов  , Anisimov Maksim
Published: July 2017

Change of nature and ratios of the active centers had been carried out, by the test reaction of conversion of methylbutanol (МВОН), was defined resizing of particles and stability of zeo-lite by dynamic light scattering (DLS), changing of level of wastewater treatment from formal-dehyde and heavy metals depending on the method of activation clinoptilolite are shown in paper
Forest investment attraction seed selection and production center: practice-oriented approach
Authors: Евлаков  , Evlakov Petr , Сухова  , Sukhova Valentina
Published: July 2017

The article discusses the creation of forest breeding and seed production centers in the country. The estimation of efficiency of investment involved in the construction. It was deter-mined that in the current situation accelerated to ensure the investment attractiveness of forestry in terms of infrastructure - LSSTS is not possible, the only way out of the situation can become a public-private partnership. In order to increase the investment attractiveness of the construction LSSTS need to organize the work at all levels of the executive branch.
INCREASE OF CONTROLLABILITY AND MANEUVERABILITY OF THE FOREST FIRE FULL-ROTARY CAR
Authors: Шанин  , Shanin P. , Попиков  , Popikov P. , Гончаров  , Goncharov P. , Драпалюк  , Drapalyuk Mikhail , Головченко  , Golovchenko A.
Published: July 2017

Available means of prevention and extinguishing of forest fires is not effective enough. Most preferred for the prevention and extinguishing of fires is the cultivating method, since the soil in the forest are always available in unlimited quantities. Currently the development and research of forest fire full-rotary car in the unit with grundomat for the prevention and extinguishing of for-est fires is an urgent task for the timber industry.
OVERVIEW OF NEW TECHNICAL MEANS OF TRAFFIC ORGANIZATION
Authors: Мочалина  , Mochalina Yu. , Шевцова  , Shevtsova A.
Published: July 2017

This article presents a review of existing technical means of traffic organization. Considered new, innovative technical means to ensure road safety, as well as its organization. There is a review of each technical means, special attention is paid to such tools as «wafer» marking representing a traffic lane bright yellow or orange in the form of a grid. Applying this markup is necessary to reduce the number of vehicles leaving the intersection during the prohibiting traffic signal. The experience of using it has shown that it is possible to reduce the number of offences in this area are on average 20%. As reviewed by technical means was deliniator - artificial border, which is used as road markings and divider lanes. Mostly Delineator necessary for reducing accidents, these devices are designed to minimize and often completely eliminate the risk of oncoming traffic accidents, which explains their effectiveness. Another technical tool, given the focus in this paper attributed the improved lights illuminated sections of the turn. This non-standard technical tool mostly used abroad, but the positive experience of its application will allow to apply it in Russia. The idea is that when a malfunction of a traffic light, the driver will know exactly about this phenomenon, due to the fact that the section is not highlighted. The application of these devices will reduce the number of road accidents and will not allow to leave vehicles at the junction with faulty traffic lights. Also the system of «Odyssey», which has also found its application in the implementation of management on a regulated intersection. This system consists of a camera and device for monitoring vehicles, which are used to detect and fix the location of the vehicle, which was speeding or violating other traffic rules and also to reduce the risk of road accidents. The combination of considered technical means of traffic organization improves the efficiency of traffic organization and to reduce the risk of road accidents.
LOWER MARGINAL BRAKING DISTANCE BIAXIAL USE OF MOTOR VEHICLES CONDITIONS AS A WAY TO IMPROVE SAFETY ROAD
Authors: Назаров  , Nazarov V. , Назаров  , Nazarov I. , Назаров  , Nazarov A.
Published: July 2017

The paper offered the option to increase safety two-axle vehicles in operational conditions through the use of dynamic brake control systems. It was found that for improving road safety of cars not equipped with ABS, the laws of the sound management of braking forces at the wheels of a single vehicle must take into account not only changes in weight status and the coefficient of traction, but the dynamic change of normal reactions in an operational environment that is possible with the introduction of the braking system board or combined circuit switching circuits.
Artificial linear plantations in condition of central Russian upland.
Authors: Чернышов  , Chernyshov Mikhail , Михин  , Mikhin Vyacheslav , Михина  , Mikhina Elena , Михин  , Mikhin Dmitriy , Михина  , Mihina Viktoriya
Published: July 2017

Creation of artificial linear plantations in condition of Central Russian Upland is based on the range selection of trees, shrubs, and taking into account soil and climatic conditions, where agronomic and silvicultural methods of creation are funda-mental parameters. Used balsam poplar, silver birch, english oak and other species that accepts placement of seats 2.5-3.0 x 0.7-1.0 m. Forestation of arable land with the help of artificial linear plantations is 1.26 % at area 148.3 thousand. ha.
The impact of climate change in holocene on the formation of contemporary forest variety and their transformation by the end of the 21 century in European Russia
Authors: Константинов  , Konstantinov Artem , Сергиенко  , Sergienko Valeriy
Published: July 2017

изменение климата, голоцен, растительная зональность, субарктические и бореальные ландшафты, биоразнообразие, флористические и фаунистические комплексы
Forest reclamtion – the basis for arrangement of sustainable agrolandscapes in conditions of insufficient moistening
Authors: Кулик  , Kulik Konstantin , Пугачёва  , Pugacheva Anna
Published: July 2017

A long-term (seven years) program of development of protective afforestation in conditions of insufficient moistening on the example of the Volgograd region has been worked out as a result of many years research in the field of agroforest amelioration. The main tasks of the pro-gram are the reduction of soil degradation and improvement of the total ecological situation by the increase and stabilization of agricultural production for effective functioning of agroindustrial complex in conditions of import substitution.
Development of methodology and algorithm for solving the problem of break-even timber production
Authors: Сушков  , Sushkov Sergey , Бурмистрова  , Burmistrova Olga , Пильник  , Pilnik Yuliya
Published: July 2017

The research of the reduction in downtime and unsustainable timber network traffic based on mathematical modeling of the device priority areas have been designed to reduce transportation costs and delivery network method timber. Variants of the delivery timber from the point of view of the break-even by a defined volume of timber. On the basis of these approaches has been developed an algorithm to de-termine the areas of transport and rational process flows across the network of roads.
The method of selection of forest machines under the climatic conditions
Authors: Мохирев  , Mokhirev Aleksandr
Published: July 2017

In this paper offered the technique of choice of harvesting machines under climatic conditions. The method was tested in the territory forestry of Eniseisk Krasnoyarsk region. According composed soil map of the territory it is clear that all soils, where it is necessary to operate the harvesting and transportation equipment is very diverse - from clay and heavy loam soil to slate. From these in the blank timber volumes and removal in the territory forestry of Eniseisk it can be seen that the maximum volume of logging occur in winter, in the summer the same time virtually no progress.
Transformation of models of corporate ecological management in the conditions of transition to "green" economy
Authors: Терешина  , Tereshina M. , Поддубный  , Poddubnyy Andrey
Published: July 2017

The article studies theoretical aspects of this phenomenon and classification of modern models of environmental management, including the traditional models and the model of «green growth». It is shown that the formation of models of the third generation of environmental management based on the «green growth» concept, are characterized by a greater extent for those companies that actively use in-novative "green" technologies in their activities, or focused on the production of «green» goods and services.
Methods of test for toxicity of particleboard and effective formaldehyde scavengers
Authors: Разиньков  , Razinkov Egor , Якимов  , Yakimov Dmitriy
Published: July 2017

There are many methods for the determination of formaldehyde from particleboard, but the main ones are two of them - the chamber and perforating ones. Chamber method allows simulating the conditions of use of plates, but it is longer than the express method or perforating method. The paper further elaborates chamber method. To effectively reduce the release of formaldehyde from particleboard chemicals (formaldehyde scaven-gers) are most useful, which interact with formaldehyde during hot pressing of boards. Such materials are sodium pentachloro-phenolate, complexes sodium pentachloro-phenolate, complex chrome-cupric-boric com-pound, fluorosilicate ammonium.
Modern state dendroflora of «Yuzhny» park and the possible ways of reconstruction
Authors: Дорофеева  , Dorofeeva Valentina , Попова  , Popova Valentina , Чекменева  , Chekmeneva Yuliya
Published: July 2017

The examination of dendroflora of «Yuzhny» Park in the city of Voronezh is made. The spe-cies composition of the vegetation and coenotic composition, the current state of tree and shrub species and plantings of the park are defined, their decorativeness is evaluated. Modern dendroflora of the park is presents by 41 species, hybrids and forms of trees and shrubs belonging to 29 genera of 16 families. Large number of dead trees, indicating the absence of proper care for plants and increased anthropo-genic and technogenic load.
Approaches to assessing the economic efficiency of investments in the technology of forest exploitation of logging enterprises of the Middle Angara region
Authors: Сорокин  , Sorokin Dmitriy , Сухих  , Sukhikh Aleksendr
Published: July 2017

In modern conditions of functioning of forest enterprises one of the important problems is the problem of competitiveness. Enterprises are competitive only when they lead system intensive investment and innovative activity, which allows reducing production costs and increasing productivity. With reference to specific logging enterprise located in the Middle Angara region we considered innovative process development by improving the process of logging operations on the basis of modern machines with the taxation characteristics of the exploited forest, logging volume. Evaluating the effectiveness of the proposed investment was carried out in accordance with the guidelines on the assessment of investment projects. Application of this technique is quite labor intensive. At the initial stage, the selection of versions of machine systems can be carried out by the index of value of the efficiency of forest exploitation technologies. The results of evaluation of the effectiveness of forest exploitation technologies and evaluating the effectiveness of the proposed technology options to study enterprises have shown that the current assessment of the effectiveness of technologies can use the measure of the effectiveness of forest exploitation technologies, as well as a preliminary assessment of the effectiveness of investments.
Algorithms for solving problems of optimum distribution work in network canonical structures
Authors: Новикова  , Novikova Tatyana , Новиков  , Novikov Artur
Published: July 2017

Control front algorithm for solving the distribution of works by performers is suggested, which allows finding the optimal allocation, which fits into a specified time and minimizes total cost. Solution of the problem of the distribution of works by classical methods (network planning, branch and bound, Gantt) is not possible, since the execution of the work depends on the performer, the appointment of the performer for a particular job takes place only after the optimal allocation of previous work and depends on the time you complete the previous works, and almost always there is the possibility of performance of works by other performers.
Mathematical modeling and design
Authors: Кравченко  , Kravchenko Igor
Published: July 2017

In this education guidance general concepts of mathematical modeling and economic-mathematical in particular are considered, detailed analysis of step-by-step creation and the analysis of a number of the economic-mathematical models having the practical importance for forecasting and effective optimization of various production processes in crop production is given. In a theoretical part the generalized analysis and classification of the methods and models applied in a research of economic units and processes in agricultural industry is given further practical examples of development of mathematical models on the basis of methods of linear programming and mathematical statistics are given. The education guidance is intended for masters of the directions 35.04.04 – Agronomics and 35.04.03 – Agrochemistry and agrology, studying discipline "Mathematical modeling and designing".