bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Difficulties and Overcoming Efforts of Team-Teaching Teachers in Infant Classes
Authors:   The Korea Parents Education Association, Kim Sook-Ryong , Kang Young-Ran , Noh Eun-Hye
Published: January 2024

The aim of this study is to understand the difficulties of operating team-teaching childcare and the efforts of teachers to overcome them through the voices of infant teachers at daycare centers operating team-teaching childcare. Data for the study was collected over a period of six months from March 1 to August 31, 2023. For the study, data such as interviews with research participants, research participant journals, researcher journals, teacher communication logs, and SNS (Kids Note) were collected. The collected data were analyzed according to phenomenological analysis methods. The research results are as follows. First, the difficulties encountered while operating team teaching include unequal division of work, conflicts arising from differences in team-teaching class operation, problems or differing opinions in communication with parents, and difficulties in supporting infants' play. This appeared to be due to differences in perception. Second, efforts to overcome difficulties led to active communication with each other by listening to the opinions of team-teaching teachers through informal communication between teachers, and at the same time, unnecessary conflicts were resolved to solidify the cooperative system among teachers. This study expects to conduct in-depth follow-up studies such as developing a team-teaching teacher program and improving the system for team-teaching teachers in order to find solutions to difficulties among team-teaching teachers.
Síndrome de Millard-Gubler: Malformação arteriovenosa em tronco encefálico
Authors: Mageste Ferreira Dantas , Sousa Moreira Lano , De Deus da Rocha Ribeiro Gonçalves Vitor , Fiore Schumann Taianne , Aguilar da Silva Jéssica
Published: January 2024

Malformações  arteriovenosas cerebrais são lesões raras, de alto fluxo e baixa resistência, com shunt arterio venoso interposto por  um nidus e com drenagem venosa precoce. O seguinte caso é uma paciente jovem com MAV localizada em ponte encefálica que apresentou com hemorragia, sendo submetida a tratamento endovascular do aneurisma intranidal e radiocirurgia estereotáxica, com cura angiográfica em dois anos.
FORMAÇÃO DE AGENTES DE INOVAÇÃO E DIFUSÃO DE TECNOLOGIA
Authors: Rocha Neto Ivan
Published: January 2024

Apresenta os conceitos de sistemas de inovação e difusão de tecnologia, tanto no âmbito nacional quanto local. Nestes contextos são discutidos os papéis e habilidades dos agentes de inovação, destacando-se os requisitos para sua formação e desempenho. Apresenta breve avaliação dos cursos de formação realizados pela Associação Brasileira das Instituições de Pesquisa Tecnológica (ABIPTI), com apoio do Serviço Brasileiro de Apoio à Micro e Pequenas Empresas (SEBRAE) e do Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq), bem como de parceiros locais, destacando o esforço desenvolvido pelos estados do Nordeste. Finalmente, sugere formas de aproveitamento desses agentes para intensificar as relações entre as instituições do sistema e aumentar a inserção do fator tecnologia nos processos de desenvolvimento sustentável da região.
IMAGINÁRIO E REALIDADE EM TORNO AOS PARQUES E PÓLOS TECNOLÓGICOS: ELEMENTOS PARA REFLEXÃO
Authors: Gomes Erasmo José
Published: January 2024

Examina o potencial e as limitações dos arranjos denominados pólos tecnológicos para engendrar um novo dinamismo industrial, tecnológico e econômico, local e regional no Brasil. Toma como referência para análise aspectos relacionados às características institucionais desses arranjos e de organização industrial. Analisa a dinâmica interna dos pólos tecnológicos e a sua capacidade para a promoção do desenvolvimento industrial e econômico, tomando a experiência dos países centrais como referência. O impacto pouco significativo que apresentam estas experiências parece indicar que um resultado ainda menor seria obtido no caso brasileiro. Faz estudos de caso sobre cinco pólos tecnológicos brasileiros — São José dos Campos, São Carlos, Campinas, Campina Grande e Florianópolis — baseados no instrumental da análise de política, centrando-se na dimensão político-institucional dos arranjos. Os resultados do estudo empírico corroboram a percepção decorrente da análise da experiência internacional acerca da fragilidade desses arranjos como elementos orientadores de uma política de desenvolvimento tecnológico nacional.
Research Status and Development Trends of Intelligent Oilfiel
Authors: Hu Junhang , Gou Mengjiao , Liu Bohua
Published: January 2024

The growing global energy demand has triggered technological challenges in the field of oil field extraction. Intelligent oilfield technology has become the focus of the petroleum industry due to its potential to increase production, reduce costs, and optimize operations. This article delves into the current status, challenges, and future development directions of intelligent oilfield technology.
Analisis faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi resistensi pegawai terhadap perubahan organisasi di Kantor Pengadilan Agama Gunungsitoli
Authors: Jambak Ayuni Merlin , Lase Delipiter , Telaumbanua Eliagus , Hulu Palindungan
Published: January 2024

Artikel ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi resistensi pegawai terhadap perubahan organisasi di Kantor Pengadilan Agama Gunungsitoli. Berfokus pada persepsi pegawai terhadap perubahan organisasi, faktor-faktor yang berkontribusi pada resistensi pegawai, dampak resistensi pegawai pada kinerja dan efektivitas organisasi, serta strategi yang dapat mengurangi resistensi pegawai terhadap perubahan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif. Enam informan, dipilih melalui teknik purpose sampling, menjaring data data melalui wawancara semi terstruktur dan dianalisis dengan menggunakan model interaktif Miles et al. Hasil penelitian menyoroti berbagai aspek terkait persepsi pegawai tentang perubahan organisasi, termasuk pemahaman terhadap perubahan organisasi, dampak perubahan terhadap pekerjaan, hubungan kerja dan kerjasama, sikap pegawai terhadap perubahan, dan komunikasi terhadap perubahan organisasi. Penelitian ini mengungkapkan bahwa persepsi pegawai terhadap perubahan organisasi sangat dipengaruhi oleh latar belakang, pengalaman, dan keyakinan individu. Faktor-faktor yang menyebabkan resistensi pegawai meliputi kurangnya pemahaman tentang alasan perubahan, keterlibatan yang minim, kekhawatiran terhadap dampak pribadi, kurangnya komunikasi yang efektif, kekurangan pelatihan atau pendidikan, dan tidak adanya langkah-langkah konkret. Resistensi pegawai dapat berdampak negatif pada kinerja dan efektivitas organisasi. Strategi utama untuk mengurangi resistensi melibatkan pelibatan pegawai dalam proses perubahan dan penyediaan sumber daya yang dibutuhkan untuk adaptasi yang sukses.
Pengaruh perencanaan tenaga pendidik terhadap kinerja pendidik pada Yayasan Budi Bakti Keuskupan Sibolga
Authors: Zebua Alirahmat , Lase Delipiter , Zega Yamolala , Baene Eduar
Published: January 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh perencanaan tenaga pendidik terhadap kinerja pendidik di Yayasan Budi Bakti Keuskupan Sibolga. Fokus utama adalah untuk menentukan apakah ada pengaruh yang signifikan dan positif dari perencanaan tenaga pendidik pada peningkatan kinerja pendidik. Dengan menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif, penelitian ini mengukur variabel perencanaan tenaga pendidik (variabel X) dan kinerja pendidik (variabel Y) melalui kuesioner yang disebarkan kepada 48 guru di SD Swasta RK Mutiara dan SMP Swasta Bunga Mawar. Data yang dikumpulkan diolah menggunakan SPSS Versi 23, menerapkan teknik analisis deskriptif dan inferensial. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan dari perencanaan tenaga pendidik terhadap kinerja pendidik, dengan nilai r hitung pada semua item melebihi nilai r tabel, dan nilai Cronbach's Alpha yang tinggi (0.840 dan 0.833). Analisis regresi linear sederhana mengungkapkan bahwa perencanaan tenaga pendidik memiliki pengaruh positif yang substansial terhadap kinerja pendidik. Dengan koefisien determinasi sebesar 62.5%, penelitian ini mengindikasikan bahwa sebagian besar variabilitas dalam kinerja pendidik dapat dijelaskan oleh faktor perencanaan tenaga pendidik. Temuan ini memberikan wawasan penting tentang perlunya perencanaan sumber daya manusia yang efektif dalam organisasi pendidikan untuk meningkatkan kinerja pendidik. Penelitian ini merekomendasikan adopsi strategi perencanaan tenaga pendidik yang lebih terstruktur dan terfokus di lembaga pendidikan untuk meningkatkan efektivitas pendidikan.
Estimation Of Salivary Magnesium Levels In Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus And Hypertensive Patients With Chronic Periodontitis - A Comparative Study
Authors: V Ramya , K Vinoth , S Pradeep
Published: January 2024

Background: Saliva has been reported as a valuable, non-invasive diagnostic tool in monitoring oral and systemic health. It contains biomarkers of inflammation which facilitates to diagnose periodontal disease. Salivary magnesium has a protective effect from periodontal disease due to its capacity to decrease the effect of bacterial toxins on periodontal tissue and reduce the inflammatory response to oral micro biota with some systemic disease like Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) and hypertension. Aim: To evaluate the salivary magnesium levels in Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) and hypertensive patients with or without chronic Periodontitis (CP). Methodology: The study population comprises of 75 individuals, aged between 30 to 65 years divided into 5 groups. Group I- Type 2 DM patients with CP, Group II- Hypertensive patients with CP, Group III- Patients with both Type 2 DM and hypertension with CP, Group IV- CP without any systemic diseases, Group V- Healthy individuals without CP and any other systemic disease. Unstimulated whole saliva is collected by means of standardized spitting technique. And the salivary magnesium levels are analysed using colorimetric method. Results: The salivary magnesium levels were increased in CP patients without associated systemic disease (Group 4). A significant decrease was reported in Hypertensive patients with CP (Group 2) and in patients with both Type 2 DM and hypertension with CP (Group 3)
Assessment of Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices among General Population Toward Utilizing ChatGPT: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: B Ravisankar , KS Shruti , K Rajeswary , S Kalaivani
Published: January 2024

ChatGPT is a chatbot developed by OpenAI and launched on November 30, 2022. Based on a large language model, it enables users to refine and steer a conversation towards a desired length, format, style, level of detail, and language. Many, customers in a variety of fields have utilised ChatGPT, an artificial intelligence-based programme.The purpose of this study was to ascertain the general public's awareness, attitudes, and usage habits regarding ChatGPT. Materials and Methods: For the study, we sent an invitation to everyone living in Chennai, Tamil Nadu, between March and June of 2023.The survey evaluated the general public's knowledge, attitudes, and habits with ChatGPT. For the study, we were able to enlist participants. The participant’s average age was 27.7 ±0.46 According to the findings, individuals, or76.2%, have experience using ChatGPT. Results:Fifty-one percent of the participants thought that using ChatGPT could potentially impair their cognitive abilities, even though 51.4% of them did not use it frequently. However, a sizable portion of users (40.0%) expressed no worries about running into privacy or security problems when utilising ChatGPT. While gender and education level were statistically significant indicators, age and occupation had no significant impact on ChatGPT behaviors. Conclusion:The survey concludes that the majority of participants were aware of ChatGPT and trusted it to understand and respond to user inquiries. They also shown a moderate degree of trust by saying they were confident in ChatGPT's veracity of the material. It's noteworthy to notice that several users expressed concerns about ChatGPT usage potentially impairing cognitive abilities.
Making Wine for the People’s Taste: The Emergence of the Argentine Wine Industry, 1885–1915
Authors: Stein Steve
Published: January 2024

It is common to use the adjective infant when referring to the early development of any industry. For the Argentine wine industry, adulthood came shockingly fast. Take-off began in 1885 with completion of the rail connection between the province of Mendoza, the major production area, and Buenos Aires, the primary consumer market. Between 1901 and 1915 alone, production rose 90.4 percent, permitting what had been an artisan industry to become the fifth-largest wine producer in the world. The major component for the emergence of the wine industry was the enormous wave of largely Mediterranean immigrants who arrived in the country. This article explores the various factors that explain Argentina’s explosive wine industry growth. They include entrepreneurial decision-making, the importation and adaptation of technology, the role of a supportive national state, and most importantly, the impact that immigrant consumers’ wine culture and expectations had on the formation of what would subsequently be a century-long model of winemaking in Argentina.
Catástrofe ambiental, viaje en el tiempo y ser mestizo en 'Juan Buscamares' de Félix Vega
Authors: Irribarren Ortiz Javiera Valentina
Published: January 2024

La historieta Juan Buscamares (1996-2003; 2017) de Félix Vega se centra en Juan, quien fue enviado por los Incas hacia el futuro a través del ritual de la Capacocha para restaurar el balance de los elementos naturales en mundo postapocalíptico. Este artículo analiza sus conexiones con el neoindigenismo de ciencia ficción y la relevancia de la figura del mestizo para discutir la colonización de las Américas. Asimismo, examina la reinterpretación del ritual de la Capacocha y del estado de conservación del cuerpo infantil encontrado en el cerro El Plomo como aspectos claves en la articulación de un viaje en el tiempo. Ambos elementos contribuyen a la construcción de una narrativa gráfica extrapolativa, cuyo universo ficcional problematiza la catástrofe ambiental a nivel discursivo y material. Estos, además, la caracterizan como una apuesta estético-teórica, que reflexiona sobre los efectos de la exterminación de recursos y traza una propuesta de reparación en un escenario postapocalíptico.
Aparapitas del futuro: la ciencia ficción andina de Miguel Esquirol
Authors: Colanzi Liliana
Published: January 2024

En 2008, Miguel Esquirol publicó la nouvelle “El Cementerio de Elefantes”, una reescritura en clave de ciencia ficción del mito del aparapita, el indio aymara que acarrea los bultos en el mercado. El aparapita, un personaje emblemático de La Paz, se convirtió, gracias a la obra del escritor Jaime Saenz, en el símbolo de la identidad indígena que sobrevive en la ciudad a pesar de los sueños modernizantes de la nación. Esquirol sitúa al aparapita en un mercado popular donde los trabajadores buscan inyecciones químicas ilegales para fortalecer sus músculos y prótesis que los hacen más competitivos; la historia explora la conexión del cuerpo con la economía, capitalista pero altamente ilegal e informal, a través de implantes, prótesis y sustancias químicas. El aparapita es tanto un espectro que acecha al país como el pilar de una identidad nacional atravesada por deseos de tecnología y globalización. 
En el mundo cyberpunk andino de Esquirol, el cuerpo indígena es el lugar donde la ciudad se rearticula, donde la identidad nacional se redefine y pone en evidencia su carácter abigarrado en el que se superponen tradición y modernidad, pasado y presente, campo y ciudad, lo indígena y lo occidental, cultura letrada y cultura popular.
Ficciones literarias eróticas de la memoria trans en "La sonrisa vertical"
Authors: Díaz Fernández Estrella
Published: January 2024

El objetivo de este artículo es el de realizar un recorrido por las representaciones de personajes trans en la colección erótica “La sonrisa vertical”, creada en 1977 y que desde 1980 empezó a incorporar ficciones que albergaban en sus tramas personajes con sexualidades heterodoxas que hasta entonces habían sido obviadas. Precisamente, fue Leopoldo Azancot quien inició esta inclusión con un personaje trans en ‘Los amores prohibidos’ (1980); esta obra, más que con referentes literarios, conectaba con dos largometrajes que retrataban la realidad trans en la época de la Transición española: ‘Cambio de sexo’, de Vicente Aranda, y ‘El transexual’, de José Jara, ambas de 1977. Siguiendo este recorrido, a finales de los 80 hallamos dos obras que logran realizar un fresco muy vívido de las minorías sexuales de la época: ‘Siete contra Georgia’ (1987) de Eduardo Mendicutti y ‘Las edades de Lulú’ (1989) de Almudena Grandes. Por último, en la década de los 90, las narrativas de Irene González Frei, ‘Tu nombre escrito en el agua’ (1995), y de Abel Pohulanik, ‘La cinta de Escher’ (1997), presentaron una perspectiva diferente de la transición de género, al incluir temas más contemporáneos, como el sida o la influencia de la psicología y la crianza en la identidad de género.
Soleida Ríos: poeta de los sueños y de las profecías
Authors: Mateo Palmer Margarita
Published: January 2024

Versión final del texto leído en «Una fiesta innombrable. Homenaje a Soleida Ríos» (Centro Dulce María Loynaz, 13 de junio de 2023). Ese día expliqué que presentaba un texto inconcluso y leí algunos fragmentos a modo de fichas de trabajo. Mi presentación terminó con dos audios de wasap: uno de Leonardo Sarría, sobre a wa nilé, y otro de Israel Domínguez, sobre ofó, del 11 y 12 de junio respectivamente. Cuando concluyeron las presentaciones, Soleida me regaló (a mí y a otros de los presentes) un talismán celta con una bella profecía que pintó con bolígrafo junto a mi tatuaje de Robertiko Ramos.
El presente fracturado. Temporalidad narrativa y producción de sentido sobre el pasado en 'Crematorio' (Chirbes, 2007) y 'Simón' (Otero, 2020)”
Authors: Ros Ferrer Violeta
Published: January 2024

Este trabajo presenta un diálogo entre las novelas Crematorio (Chirbes, 2007) y Simón (Otero, 2020), a partir del análisis de la evocación que cada una de ellas propone de un tiempo histórico concreto: el final del proceso transicional y la consolidación del neoliberalismo en España. Tomando en consideración el tiempo que ha transcurrido entre la publicación de ambas novelas (2007-2020) y la manera en que cada una de ellas articula su temporalidad narrativa, el diálogo entre estos dos textos permitirá leer un cambio significativo en el modo de percibir y narrar el pasado reciente en relación con el presente desde el que cada uno de ellos es representado.
 Este análisis partirá de los aspectos que ambas novelas tienen en común para proponer una interpretación de sus diferencias. Si bien en ambas novelas, la especulación inmobiliaria y su crisis serán el motivo central que catalizará el ejercicio narrativo que explora los ecos de un pasado cercano a partir de dos poéticas temporales distintas, el contraste entre sus lecturas pone de manifiesto la articulación literaria de dos sensibilidades generacionales distintas en relación con la percepción de un mismo tiempo histórico. Cada una a su manera, ambas novelas compartirán una textura nostálgica que, sin embargo, producirá sentidos divergentes sobre el pasado que ambas convocan.
Reseñas de publicaciones de análisis cultural 22
Authors: Pallardó Betlem , Benítez Nerea , San José Eduardo
Published: January 2024

Reseñas críticas de los siguientes libros:
De Mauro Rucovsky, Martín (2022). Bios precario: biopolítica y precariedad en Latinoamérica. Madrid: La Oveja Roja.
Gabbay, Cynthia (ed.) (2022). Jewish Imaginaries of the Spanish Civil War. In Search of Poetic Justice. New York: Bloomsbury Academic 
Gotby, Alva (2023). Ellos lo llaman amor. Una política de las emociones. Barcelona: Verso Libros.
Surface structure design of boron nitride nanotubes and mechanism of their regulation on properties of epoxy composite dielectric
Authors: Ren Jun-Wen , Jiang Guo-Qing , Chen Zhi-Jie , Wei Hua-Chao , Zhao Li-Hua , Jia Shen-Li ,   College of Electrical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
Published: January 2024

Adding nanofillers into epoxy resin matrices is a common method to achieve their multi-function. Boron nitride nanotubes (BNNTs) with one-dimensional nanostructures have attracted much attention because of their ultra-high thermal conductivity, wide energy level band gap, high aspect ratio and mechanical strength. Yet, the strong π-π non-covalent bonding and lip-lip interactions make BNNTs prone to agglomeration in the epoxy resin matrix. Moreover, the different physicochemical properties of BNNTs and epoxy resins as well as the chemical inertness of BNNTs surface lead to the lack of effective interfacial interaction between BNNTs and epoxy resin matrix. Therefore, the performance of the epoxy composite dielectric is not enhanced by simple blending solely, but will even have the opposite effect. To address the problems of BNNTs, in this study, the surface structure of BNNTs is constructed from the perspective of interface modulation by using sol-gel method to coat mesoporous silica (mSiO2) on BNNTs’ surface and further introducing silane coupling agent (KH560). The results indicate that the surface structure of BNNTs can optimize the level of interfacial interaction between BNNTs and epoxy resin matrix, which leads to stronger interfacial connection and elimination of internal pore phenomenon. The dielectric constant and loss of the composite dielectric prepared in this way are further reduced, reaching 4.1 and 0.005 respectively at power frequency, which is significantly lower than that of pure epoxy resin. At the same time, the mechanical toughness (3.01 MJ/m3) and thermal conductivity (0.34 W/(m⋅K)) are greatly improved compared with the counterparts of pure epoxy resin. In addition, the unique nano-mesoporous structure of mSiO2 endows the composite dielectric with a large number of deep traps, which effectively hinders the migration of electrons, thereby improving the electrical strength of the composite dielectric, and the breakdown field strength reaches 95.42 kV/mm. Furthermore, the interfacial mechanism of BNNTs’ surface structure on dielectric relaxation and trap distribution of composite dielectrics is systematically studied by Tanaka multinuclear model. The above results indicate that the good interfacial interaction between BNNTs and epoxy resin matrix is crucial in establishing the micro-interface structure and improving the macroscopic properties of composite dielectrics. This study presents a novel idea for the multifunctionalities of epoxy resin, and also provides some experimental data support for revealing the correlation among surface properties of nano-fillers, microstructure and macroscopic properties of composite dielectric.
Genetic and pharmacologic alterations of claudin9 levels suffice to induce functional and mature inner hair cells
Authors: Chen Yingying , Lee Jeong Han , Li Jin , Park Seojin , Perez Flores Maria C , Peguero Braulio , Kersigo Jennifer , Kang Mincheol , Choi Jinsil , Levine Lauren , Gratton Michael Anne , Fritzsch Bernd , Yamoah Ebenezer N
Published: January 2024

Hearing loss is the most common form of sensory deficit. It occurs predominantly due to hair cell (HC) loss. Mammalian HCs are terminally differentiated by birth, making HC loss challenging to replace. Here, we show the pharmacogenetic downregulation of
Cldn9
, a tight junction protein, generates robust supernumerary inner HCs (IHCs) in mice. The ectopic IHC shared functional and synaptic features akin to typical IHCs and were surprisingly and remarkably preserved for at least fifteen months >50% of the mouse’s life cycle.
In vivo
,
Cldn9
knockdown using shRNA on postnatal days (P) P2-7 yielded analogous functional ectopic IHCs that were equally durably conserved. The findings suggest that Cldn9 levels coordinate embryonic and postnatal HC differentiation, making it a viable target for altering IHC development pre- and post-terminal differentiation.
Responsiveness of monopodal postural stability tests in recreational athletes
Authors: Sánchez Martínez Mª Piedad , Sánchez-Barbadora Mariana , Moreno-Segura Noemi , Beltrá Patricia , Escriche-Escuder Adrian , Martín-San Agustín Rodrigo
Published: January 2024

Background

Stabilometry, the modified Star Excursion Balance Test (mSEBT) or the Emery balance test (EBT) are reported in the literature to reflect changes after an intervention in monopodal postural stability. Even so, the responsiveness of those tests has not been evaluated after an instability training programme or analysed using multiple statistical indicators of responsiveness. The main aim of this study was to analyse the responsiveness of the stabilometry, mSEBT or EBT.

Methods

Thirty healthy recreational athletes performed a 4-week programme with three weekly sessions of instability training of the dominant lower limb and were evaluated using stabilometry, mSEBT, and EBT tests. Responsiveness was quantified based on internal and external responsiveness.

Results

EBT and all parameters in mSEBT for the dominant lower limb showed large internal responsiveness (SRM > 0.8). Furthermore, mSEBT values for the non-dominant lower limb (except anterior displacement) also experienced significant changes with an associated large internal responsiveness. None of the stabilometry platform parameters showed a significant change after the intervention. The ability of the EBT to discriminate between the dominant and non-dominant lower limb (i.e., trained vs untrained, respectively) was generally acceptable (AUCs = 0.708). However, none of the parameters of the mSEBT test showed an acceptable AUC.

Conclusions

EBT showed a positive responsiveness after instability training compared to mSEBT, which only showed internal responsiveness, or stabilometry platform measures, whose none of the parameters could identify these changes.
Capacity Building in Research on Traditional Medicine: Experience of a Workshop Conducted under the Aegis of the Indian Council of Medical Research
Authors: Marathe Padmaja Anil , Kamat Sandhya Kaustubh , Kesari Harshad Vijay , Pooja SG , Rege Nirmala N , Kshirsagar Nilima A
Published: January 2024

Training healthcare professionals in research methodology is essential to promote research and innovation. This is particularly relevant in India, where there is a wealth of potential drug candidates from Indian Traditional Medicine (TM) systems that await exploration and scientific validation using modern medicine principles. Surprisingly, there is a lack of reported activities to train modern medicine practitioners in TM research in the literature. Recognising this need, a structured training program was planned and conducted under the auspices of the Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) to train modern medicine practitioners in TM research. A survey was conducted among modern medicine practitioners to assess training gaps and identify key areas to be covered in the workshop modules. The workshop received a positive response, as evidenced by the numerous registration applications and positive feedback from participants. The present article shares the experiences of conducting the pilot workshop, which may serve as a valuable resource for planning similar workshops.
Effect of Exercise on Depression, Anxiety and Mood: A Narrative Review
Authors: Hooda Vasundhara Singh , Muley Parikshit Ashok , Muley Pranjali Parikshit , Anjankar, Ashish , Bandre Gulshan
Published: January 2024

In contemporary times, many individuals experiencing depression and anxiety have opted for non pharmaceutical and non traditional interventions, notably exercise, to manage their conditions. This trend is gaining popularity among those seeking alternative ways to address their mental health concerns. Regular exercise provides a lengthy list of advantages for both physical and mental well-being. It can be a pleasurable method to treat mild to moderate mental health disorders, and its effects can be both immediate and longlasting. Despite individuals with mental health problems often being less physically active, increased Aerobic Exercise (AE) has been shown to significantly reduce symptoms. Evidence suggests a complementary relationship between regular exercise and psychological well-being, indicating that exercise can alleviate anxiety and depression while promoting a positive outlook. The underlying processes behind these effects are not fully understood. The present review summarises research on the impact of exercise on mental wellbeing, with a focus on its potential to alleviate depression, mood swings, and anxiety when incorporated into mental health therapy
Utility of Multiparametric MRI of the Breast with Combined High b-value DWI and Dynamic Contrast MRI to Differentiate Benign and Malignant Lesions: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Yadav Pratiksha , Patil Yashraj , Harit Saumya
Published: January 2024

Introduction: Breast cancer is one of the most frequent malignancies in women worldwide, and it is the leading cause of cancer mortality. Early detection is key to a better prognosis. In India, many patients are diagnosed in later stages due to the absence of screening programs and less awareness in certain regions of the country. MRI is a highly sensitive investigation that can detect small and sometimes hidden or occult lesions not visible on mammography. The diffusion-weighted sequence has the potential to be used in conjunction with mammography, thereby improving diagnostic accuracy. Aim: To evaluate the utility of multiparametric MRI (mpMRI) of the breast, combining high b-value Diffusion-Weighted Imaging (DWI) and Dynamic Contrast-Enhanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging (DCE-MRI), in differentiation benign and malignant lesions. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at a Dr. D.Y. Patil Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre, Pimpri, Pune, India from Jan 2017 - Dec 2020. A total of 254 women with 272 breast lesions were included. All cases underwent mpMRI on a 3Tesla scanner, which included T2- weighted imaging, dynamic post-contrast study, and DWI with a b-value of 1500 sec/mm² . Sensitivity, specificity, diagnostic accuracy, and area under the curve were calculated using the results of different parameters. Comparative Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curves were plotted for DCE-MRI, DWI, and mpMRI. Histopathologic diagnosis was considered the standard of reference. Results: The mean age was 43.73±13.56 years, with an age range of 18-82 years. Both benign and malignant breast lesions were most common in the 40-49 years age group, accounting for a total of 80 (31.4%) lesions. Out of the 272 lesions, 141 (52.03%) were malignant and 131 (47.97%) were benign. DCE-MRI showed 97.87% sensitivity, 80.15% specificity, and 89.33% diagnostic accuracy. Diffusion-weighted MRI showed 97.16% sensitivity, 87.02% specificity, and 92.27% diagnostic accuracy. The ROC analysis for Apparent Diffusion Coefficient (ADC) values of the 272 lesions revealed an area under the curve of 0.985 (p<0.001) and a sensitivity of 92.91%, with an ADC cut-off of 0.987x10-³ mm² /sec. The multiparametric study demonstrated 98.58% sensitivity, 93.13% specificity, and 95.95% diagnostic accuracy. The area under the curve was 0.959 for mpMRI, 0.921 for DWI, and 0.890 for DCE-MRI. Conclusion: mpMRI with DCE-MRI and DWI using a high b-value of 1500 sec/mm² can be utilised to improve diagnostic accuracy
Зеленая водоросль Quasilancicula sergaensis — эмсский эндемик Урала , "Природа"
Authors: Комаров В.Н. , Павлова Ю.Э. , Бушманова Ю.Д.
Published: January 2024

Приведены общие сведения о зеленых водорослях семейства Lanciculaceae. Изложены данные о редкой находке вида Quasilancicula sergaensis в отложениях нижнего эмса (нижний девон) западного склона Среднего Урала.
Вы слыхали, где поют дрозды и сколько их там?, "Природа"
Authors: Равкин Ю.С.
Published: January 2024

Северной Евразии за прошедшие 60 лет в среднем проживало примерно 426 млн дроздов 21 вида. За последние 30 лет их численность уменьшилась всего на 16 %.
Орографические условия произрастания Pinus brutia var. pityusa (Steven) Silba в Горном Крыму, "Наука юга России"
Authors: Коба В.П. , Коренькова О.О. , Макаров Н.А.
Published: January 2024

Исследования проводили на территории произрастания природных популяций Pinus brutia var. pityusa (Steven) Silba в Горном Крыму. Целью исследований являлось изучение орографических характеристик ландшафта, выявление особенностей их влияния на состояние и перспективы развития насаждений P. brutia var. pityusa. При проведении наблюдений использовали методы космического зондирования и систему компьютерной оценки экспозиции и величины уклона отдельных участков изучаемых территорий, определяли интегральные показатели данных характеристик в градации по высотным поясам. В результате проведенных исследований установлено, что орографические факторы в суммарном действии оказывают заметное влияние на формирование древостоев P. brutia var. pityusa в Горном Крыму, особенно на первых этапах их развития. В прибрежной зоне в урочище Аязьма наиболее значительное лимитирующее действие оказывает крутизна склонов. В центральной части массива лесов P. brutia var. pityusa урочища Аязьма после повреждения древостоев верховыми пожарами сильная крутизна склонов способствует активному развитию эрозионных и оползневых процессов, особенно на территории проведения сплошных санитарных рубок. В урочище Батилиман при некотором уменьшении крутизны склонов важную роль играет их экспозиция. На южных склонах, которые занимают большую часть площади урочища Батилиман, ухудшаются возможности роста молодых растений P. brutia var. pityusa, что оказывает негативное влияние на процессы естественного возобновления сосны. Увеличение разнообразия орографических условий по показателю экспозиции склонов повышает дисперсность микроклиматических условий на горе Караул-Оба в сравнении с территориями западной части произрастания P. brutia var. pityusa в Горном Крыму. Особенности ландшафта урочища Новый Свет – сравнительно небольшой уклон и юго-восточная экспозиция склонов, а также повышение стабильности микроклимата в котловине горного амфитеатра, где расположена большая часть насаждений P. brutia var. pityusa, обеспечивают улучшение условий произрастания. Благоприятное действие орографических факторов определило возможности произрастания P. brutia var. pityusa на территории урочища Новый Свет, в крайней восточной части ее распространения в Горном Крыму.
Indonesian Coffee Development Path: Production and International Trade
Authors: Tampubolon Jongkers , Ginting Albina , Nainggolan Hotden L. , Tarigan Juli Ritha
Published: January 2024

Aims: The objectives of this study are (i) to compare Indonesia's coffee production efficiency among the top five world coffee-producing countries, (ii) to analyze Indonesia's coffee competitiveness against major world coffee producers in the international market, and (iii) to analyze Indonesia's coffee export structure based on unit price of export price to determine profitable differentiation of export destinations.

Methodology: A descriptive comparative analysis was conducted on coffee productivity (kg/ha) in the major coffee-producing countries and on the export unit price (USD/ton) received by Indonesia and other exporting countries. To reveal the comparative advantage of Indonesian coffee in the global market, Symmetry Revealed Comparative Advantage (RSCA) is employed, and GL-Index is utilized as an analysis tool for export destination differentiation.

Results: The results of this study are (i) Indonesian coffee production is very low due to various factors, including production techniques that do not apply innovation to increase production, (ii) the composition of production is dominated by Robusta Coffee which is known to get a lower price than Arabica Coffee, (iii) exports are in the form of low-quality products so that they attain a meager unit price even though Indonesian coffee has competitiveness with SRCA> 0, and (iv) GL-Index analysis shows that the most profitable export destinations for Indonesian coffee are to the United States and Australia and New Zealand, while contrary to what has been assumed, exports to West Europe, Northeast Asia and Middle East and North Africa do not show conclusive results while ASEAN (Association of Southeast Asian Nations) is not a profitable export destination.

Conclusion: Indonesian coffee needs to be improved at various supply chain stages, especially at the production and export levels. Appropriate policies to address the weaknesses of Indonesia's coffee position have the potential to catch up with the existing productivity and export gaps.
Impact of Air Pollution from the Libreville Landfill on Children Aged 3 to 11 Years. Comparative Study of Children Living in the Vicinity Versus Children Living Far
Authors: Minto’o S.  , Loembe F. C.  , Mintsa Mi Nkama E. J.  , Tchivanga O.  , Kuissi Kamgaing E.  , Koko J.  , Ategbo S.
Published: January 2024

Introduction: According to the WHO, environmental health is estimated to cause 12.6 million yearly deaths. The main objective was to determine the impact of airborne pollutants from this landfill on the health of children aged 3 to 11 years living in the area.

Methods: This was a prospective, cross-sectional, descriptive, and analytical study: case-controls. Air pollutants were measured at the landfill site and the control sites. We compared the clinical status and health history of the children living near the river with that of the control children.  

Results: A total of 160 subjects were included: 80 cases and 80 controls, 70 girls and 90 boys, with a median age of 7 years. The Mindoubé landfill produces the annual dose of particulate matter (PM) PM10 more than 4000 times daily: PM2.5 and PM1. It also produces CO and hydrogen sulfide above the thresholds set by the WHO. Children living on or near the site were more likely to develop ENT pathology (OR=40.1; p<0.001), dermatosis (OR =9.8; p<0.001), and pneumonitis (OR=5.8; p<0.001). Multivariate analysis found that living at the landfill site was a determining factor of OR = 4.7 95% CI [3, 6.1]; p<0.001.

Conclusion: The air pollution highlights the danger of this landfill for residents and other neighborhoods in Libreville. Without the need to carry out a prospective study, this type of site needs to be taken care of urgently, at the risk of constituting time bombs.
Assessment of Primary Education System in Rural India: A Case Study on Chikana Village of Tonk District in Rajasthan, India
Authors: Singh Khushi , Parashar Prachi
Published: January 2024

The case study aims to highlight the existing problems and challenges in the primary education system prevalent in Rural India, from the lens of Chikana Village, in the Tonk district of Rajasthan, India. The case study brings to light prevalent practices, concerns and beliefs that govern the process of imparting primary-level education to the children of Chikana. The points made in the course of the study, though derived from this particular village, can be used as a general idea for most schools in rural India. The researchers have taken into consideration the prevalent schemes started by state and central governments for the enhancement of the quality of education in Rural India and have built points on the impact and significance these schemes have made so far. The study is qualitative in nature and uses both secondary and primary data sets.

Secondary data is used in the form of old schemes and impact reports on Indian primary education, while primary data is incorporated in the form of observation and interview schedules. The time frame of all secondary data is limited to the last 5 years (February 2018- February 2023). The sample size for the interview schedule is 40 participants, these included students from ranging age groups, teachers and school authorities of the ‘Rajkiya Ucch Prathmik Vidyalay, Chikana'. The study aims to raise considerable awareness among the readers of this study about the existing trends in education in rural India and to highlight the gap in urban and rural education systems. The study goes on to find major loopholes in the ongoing educational practices prevalent in rural India. It brings to light the different dimensions of the primary education system and the opinions of different stakeholders on the progression of the sector. It comments on the implementation of policies designed to cater to the needs of children. The study also offers the author's conclusion derived from the curated data sets which clearly presents the condition of the sector as more bad than good, however, stressing enough of the good and stating that progress is expected in the years to come. The study is a comprehensive work, which gives a 180-degree view of the education provided to children in rural parts of the country.
Correlation Studies on Different Growth Parameter of Spice Crops under Poplar Based Agroforestry System
Authors: Agarwal Yogesh Kumar , Ramchandra  , Srivastav Anubha , Kumar Hemant , Singh Bijay Kumar
Published: January 2024

The Present study was carried out to estimate the correlation of intercrop viz., Fennel, Ajowain, Coriander, Fenugreek, Mentha, Kalonji, Chilli and Cumin under Poplar-based agroforestry system. Experiment was conducted under 15 years old existing poplar based agri-silviculture system using Randomized Block Design (RBD) with three replications and 8 treatments in central part of state U.P. The treatments used under experimentation are (C1) Fennel, (C2) Ajowain, (C3) Coriander, (C4) Fenugreek, (C5) Mentha, (C6) Kalonji, (C7) Chilli, and (C8) Cumin. The significantly positive and negative correlation was recorded on parameter viz. Plant Height, No. of Branch, No. of leaves, No. of Umbels / plant, No. of Umblets/ Umbels, No. of Seed / Umblets, test Weight and yield. The findings of present study will be benefits to farmers and agriculture professionals in estimating correlation of various yield and growth parameters under Poplar tree under certain management practices to get higher returns.
The Impact of Emerging Technologies on Sustainable Agriculture and Rural Development
Authors: Saikanth D. R. K. , Ragini Modi , Tripathi Gagan , Rajesh K. , Giri Anmol , Pandey Shivam Kumar , Verma Lalit Kumar
Published: January 2024

In an era marked by climate change, population growth, and resource scarcity, the agricultural sector faces significant challenges. Emerging technologies, encompassing precision agriculture, the Internet of Things (IoT), artificial intelligence (AI), blockchain, and more, have emerged as powerful tools to address these challenges. The paper provides an extensive analysis of how these technologies revolutionize farming practices, resource management, market access, and rural livelihoods. It delves into the role of precision agriculture in optimizing resource use, IoT and remote sensing in data-driven decision-making, AI in crop management, and blockchain in transparent supply chains. Moreover, it explores the potential for digital financial services to enhance financial inclusion in rural areas. While recognizing the vast potential of these technologies, it highlights crucial considerations such as digital divides, data privacy, and ethical implications. It underscores the importance of responsible adoption, regulatory frameworks, and equitable access to ensure that emerging technologies benefit all, particularly smallholder farmers and marginalized communities. Drawing on a wide range of research, this paper provides a comprehensive overview of the current landscape and future prospects of emerging technologies in sustainable agriculture and rural development. It underscores the transformative potential of these technologies in building resilient, sustainable, and inclusive agricultural systems, ultimately contributing to global efforts towards food security and rural prosperity.
Mortality Due to Hyperglycemic Crises in the US, 1999-2022
Authors: Crane Matthew A. , Lam Audrey , Ekanayake Emil , Alshawkani Yazan Y. , Christmas Colleen , Gemmill Alison , Romley John A.
Published: January 2024

This study analyzes trends in US mortality attributed to both diabetic ketoacidosis and hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state from 1999-2022.
T-Cell Lymphoma From CAR T-Cell Therapy—A New Safety Notice
Authors: Prasad Vinay
Published: January 2024

This Viewpoint outlines a recent safety signal identified by the FDA concerning CAR T-cell therapy for pediatric cancer, including what is known and likely implications.
Head and Neck Cancer Incidence in the United States Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Semprini Jason , Pagedar Nitin A. , Boakye Eric Adjei , Osazuwa-Peters Nosayaba
Published: January 2024

Importance

Research about population-level changes in the incidence and stage of head and neck cancer (HNC) associated with the COVID-19 pandemic is sparse.

Objective

To examine the change in localized vs advanced HNC incidence rates before and during the first year of the pandemic.

Design, Setting, and Participants

In this cross-sectional study of patients in the US diagnosed with HNC from 2017 to 2020, the estimated number with cancer of the oral cavity and pharynx (floor of mouth; gum and other mouth; lip; oropharynx and tonsil; and tongue) and larynx were identified from the SEER cancer registry. Subgroup analyses were stratified by race and ethnicity, age, and sex. Data were analyzed after the latest update in April 2023.

Exposure

The COVID-19 pandemic in 2020.

Main Outcomes and Measures

The primary outcomes were the annual incidence rates per 100 000 people for localized HNC (includes both localized and regional stages) and advanced HNC (distant stage) and weighted average annual percentage change from 2019 to 2020. Secondary outcomes included annual percentage change for 2017 to 2018 and 2018 to 2019, which provided context for comparison.

Results

An estimated 21 664 patients (15 341 [71%] male; 10 726 [50%] ≥65 years) were diagnosed with oral cavity and pharynx cancer in 2019 in the US, compared with 20 390 (4355 [70%] male; 10 393 [51%] ≥65 years) in 2020. Overall, the HNC incidence rate per 100 000 people declined from 11.6 cases in 2019 to 10.8 in 2020. The incidence rate of localized cancer declined to 8.8 cases (−7.9% [95% CI, −7.5 to −8.2]) from 2019 to 2020. The localized cancer incidence during the first year of the pandemic decreased the most among male patients (−9.3% [95% CI, −9.2 to −9.5]), Hispanic patients (−12.9% [95% CI, −12.9 to −13.0]), and individuals with larynx cancer (−14.3% [95% CI, −13.6 to −15.0]). No change in the overall incidence rate was found for advanced HNC.

Conclusions and Relevance

In this cross-sectional study, the incidence of localized HNC declined during the first year of the pandemic. A subsequent increase in advanced-stage diagnoses may be observed in later years.