bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Screening for abdominal aortic aneurysm in the world and in Russia
Authors: Balakhonova T. V. , Ershova A. I. , Genkel V. V. , Garbuzova E. V. , Drozdova L. Yu. , Svetlikov A. V. , Akchurin R. S. , Shalnova S. A. , Boytsov S. A. , Drapkina O. M.
Published: October 2024

Despite the global trend towards a decrease in the prevalence of abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA), this disease remains one of the sudden death causes in the elderly. This necessitates the need to conduct screening studies, the effectiveness and feasibility of which has been proven in large studies, including population-based ones, and meta-analyses. The traditional and most optimal screening method is ultrasound examination. According to the guidelines of different countries, the indications for abdominal aorta ultrasound vary. Today in Russia there is no accurate data on the prevalence of AAA, while the target group for screening has not been defined, and therefore the country needs to conduct large population studies to study its prevalence and risk factors, as well as to calculate indicators of the clinical and economic effectiveness of implementation AAA screening programs.
Highlights of the 92nd European Atherosclerosis Society (EAS) Congress, May 26-29, 2024, Lyon, France
Authors: Ezhov M. V. , Chubykina U. V.
Published: October 2024

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Systemic inflammatory response after transcatheter aortic valve replacement: a case report
Authors: Tatarintseva Z. G. , Kazaryants K. A. , Chumachenko N. V. , Barbuhatti K. O. , Kosmacheva E. D. , Tochenaya A. S.
Published: October 2024

Introduction. The growing prevalence of transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) over the past few years has revealed a unique set of events and complications that require rapid identification and treatment to improve outcomes, often involving a multidisciplinary team.

Brief description. We present the case of a 79-year-old woman with severe aortic stenosis who underwent a TAVI procedure that was complicated postoperatively by hectic fever without an identified source of infection. After excluding all possible causes of fever, a diagnosis of post-implantation syndrome was made, and glucocorticosteroid therapy led to the patient's recovery.

Discussion. A systemic inflammatory response may occur after endovascular aortic aneurysm repair in some patients. This inflammatory response is called postimplantation syndrome and includes fatigue or other flu-like symptoms, fever, and laboratory signs of inflammation. Our case describes the difficulties in differential diagnosis of post-implantation syndrome as a possible complication of TAVI, and also demonstrates the importance of a multidisciplinary approach to such patients.
MAPA DE CUIDADOS: INTERLIGANDO SABERES PARA A TRANSFORMAÇÃO CRIATIVA DA REALIDADE
Authors: Araújo Danielle
Published: October 2024

O texto discute o conceito de cuidado em um contexto situado, evidenciando problemáticas e potencialidades no processo de escuta do território e construção de políticas públicas situadas. O enfoque da pesquisa é qualitativo, e utiliza-se como técnica de pesquisa bibliográfica e documental. Além disso, um relato de experiência da aplicação de um piloto da metodologia Mapa de Cuidados, aplicado durante a ministração do Curso “O conceito de cuidados: matrizes teóricas e temas emergentes”, vinculado ao Departamento de Estudos Latino-Americanos - ELA da Universidade de Brasília - UnB, em 2023. O Mapa de Cuidados é uma metodologia participativa, para levantar os múltiplos sentidos de cuidados, o reconhecimento da organização local dos mesmos, além de demandas e ofertas no território, subsidiando a construção de políticas públicas. Por fim, evidencia a importância de novas metodologias de escuta e co-construção de políticas públicas dentro e para os territórios.
Atuação docente no contexto socioeducativo: revisão integrativa da literatura brasileira
Authors: Fernandes Scalvi Gustavo , Domeniconi Camila
Published: October 2024

Se por um lado o Brasil apresenta avanços legais nos cuidados à criança e ao adolescente, fundamentados no paradigma de proteção integral, por outro persistem inúmeras problemáticas no sistema de medidas socioeducativas. Este estudo buscou compreender o cenário da pesquisa e publicação científica concernentes à investigação da atuação docente no contexto socioeducativo. Foi utilizado o método de revisão integrativa da literatura a partir da combinação de descritores nas bases de dados Scielo, BVS e Portal CAPES. Após análise e seleção, foram incluídos 17 artigos na revisão, classificados em três grupos principais relacionados à atuação docente: formação e preparação para o trabalho, principais desafios enfrentados e estratégias e recursos para a concretização de um bom trabalho. Os resultados revelam crescimento de publicações sobre a temática nos últimos anos, aliada à diversidade de autores e periódicos; preferência a delineamentos qualitativos, sobretudo a partir de entrevista e realização de grupos; e investigação centrada na medida de internação. Em comparativo às prerrogativas legais,constatou-se que as principais problemáticas estão relacionadas ao desenvolvimento de políticas específicas, às condições adequadas de trabalho e à formação inicial e continuada; enquanto os maiores potenciais atuais da docência estão na concretização da educação enquanto mecanismo de (re)inserção social e no desenvolvimento de práticas pedagógicas inovadoras e específicas ao contexto da socioeducação.
Nature-positive infrastructure – habitat connectivity structures, a call to arms
Authors: Hewlett Ben , Elderkin Stephen , King Rich
Published: October 2024

Linear infrastructure fragmented habitats and landscapes, creating impassable barriers for flora and fauna. When animals cannot move from their home ranges they become isolated and vulnerable to local extinction through disease, extreme events and inbreeding. Isolation of habitats also makes them increasingly vulnerable to extinction from climate change. In the UK, habitat connectivity structures that restore species movement and physical connections of habitats (e.g. green bridges, mammal tunnels and underpasses) are rare, but are becoming increasingly common due to planning consent requirements. Nevertheless, on the 4500 miles of strategic road infrastructure in England, habitat connectivity features are still few and far between. Mass restoration of habitat connectivity across a strategic nature network and using wildlife crossing structures would be transformative for the UK public and ecosystems. The UK is decades behind other nations in the application of habitat defragmentation structures. In the last 15 years, the Dutch transport authority has built approximately 70 large green bridges and approximately 200 smaller interventions across its road and rail network. At time of writing, National Highways has built only two. Designing and constructing structures for wildlife, as well as people, on a scale that will make meaningful difference to UK nature will require our industry to unite and innovate to deliver a lasting legacy of nature restoration.
Soil behavior near the PVD filter and interpretation of clogging during vacuum preloading
Authors: Dong Q. Y. , Ren X. H. , Ge X. Y. , Wang P. , Liu H. Z.
Published: October 2024

Clogging near the prefabricated vertical drain filter during vacuum preloading reduces the efficiency of ground treatment, and existing research has yet to agree on the cause. This study conducted a small model test to comprehensively examine the soil's water content and particle size distribution at different distances from the filter and tailwater for different preloading durations. The results showed that the particle size distribution of the soil at different selected points exhibited a slightly irregular difference. This indicates that no measurable migration of particles occurs, which was further confirmed by the particle size distribution of the soil after the one-dimensional consolidation test. The application of vacuum pressure did not significantly change the soil particle composition and, thus, its compressibility and permeability properties. The particle size distribution of tailwater revealed that a small number of fine particles with a mean size of 3–4 μm rapidly discharged with tailwater during the initial stage of vacuum preloading, which was much less than the mean size of the slurry and pore size of the filter. The decrease in water content and permeability indicates non-uniform consolidation, and the increase in the permeability coefficient ratio suggests the formation and development of the clogging zone.
Estudio Terciario sobre Adopción de DevOps
Authors:   Universidad Nacional Agraria de la Selva, Pando Brian , Silva Abel ,   Universidad Nacional Agraria de la Selva, Dávila Abraham ,   Pontificia Universidad Católica de Perú
Published: October 2024

DevOps es la respuesta frente a las disfunciones de las áreas de desarrollo y operaciones de software y DevOps tiene como sus prioridades la colaboración, productividad y automatización. Desde su aparición, se han realizado diversas publicaciones secundarias y pocos estudios terciarios, por lo que resulta útil mantener actualizado un estudio terciario sobre adopción de DevOps. El objetivo de este estudio es identificar y organizar estudios secundarios sobre la adopción de DevOps. Para ello, se siguió los pasos establecidos para un mapeo sistemático de la literatura. En la consulta a las seis bases de datos consideradas, se obtuvieron 346 artículos y luego del proceso quedaron 102 estudios secundarios seleccionados. Del análisis realizado, se tiene que los temas de las mejores prácticas y recomendaciones para la adopción de DevOps son las más abordadas. De ellas, las prácticas más reportadas son las de integración continua y entrega continua, el monitoreo y la automatización de las pruebas. Finalmente, existe buena predisposición por parte de los equipos de desarrollo, operación y gestión de adoptar DevOps en las organizaciones.
Rules and Standards of Proving the Use of a Computer Program as a Copyright Object
Authors:   Perm State University, Matveev A. G.
Published: October 2024

Introduction: the global IT market is steadily growing. International law and national legal systems protect computer programs as copyright objects. Copyright protection in relation to these objects is associated with proving the fact of their use. Judicial practice reveals a number of problems related to the establishment of efficient, balanced, and at the same time fair rules and standards of proving the fact of using a computer program. Purpose: to determine the rules and standards of proving the use of a computer program as a copyright object. Methods: the method of formal logic, comparative‐legal, systematicstructural, and formal‐dogmatic methods. Results: the notions of an intellectual property object and the use of such an object should be understood in two senses: 1) from a day‐to‐day perspective; 2) in the lawbased context. The scope of the notion ‘use’ and the standards of proof of such use are interpreted differently in different intellectual property law institutions. The more technologically advanced the protected object is, the more formalized the procedure to establish the fact of its use should be. Conclusions: Russian judicial practice is on the path of developing the following rule: in general, it is legal to draw a conclusion about the use of a computer program when the evidence reliably reflects an analysis of its source code having been conducted. In the Russian legal system, two approaches have developed to resolving the issue of a computer program storage in computer memory: 1) the scope of the exclusive copyright includes the storage of a program in computer memory per se; 2) such storage is not included in the scope of the exclusive copyright. The second approach seems correct. It is based on a systematic and teleological interpretation of Part 4 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation, on a historico‐political and teleological interpretation of the WIPO Copyright Treaty of December 20, 1996.
Improving the Criminal Procedure Regime for Handling Information in Pre-Trial Proceedings in the Era of Digital Transformation
Authors:   Center for Professional Training of the Main Directorate of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation in the Perm Territory, Borisov A. S.
Published: October 2024

Introduction: the article analyzes the prospects of reforming criminal proceedings into a high-tech model. Factors that make such a transformation difficult are highlighted. The most significant of these are shortcomings in the legal regulation of information handling in pre-trial proceedings. The article justifies the need to eliminate such shortcomings by improving the system of principles and general conditions of criminal proceedings. The proposed concept includes the introduction of the notion ‘procedurally significant information’, the principle of ‘information protection in criminal proceedings’, the general condition of a preliminary investigation ‘Measures to ensure the protection of procedurally significant information in pre-trial proceedings carried out in digital form’; certain provisions of the condition ‘Inadmissibility of disclosing the pre-trial investigation data’ (Article 161 of the Criminal Procedure Code of the Russian Federation) are improved; the prospects of creating a high-tech model of criminal procedure are presented. Purpose: to propose measures aimed at improving the efficiency of the criminal procedure regime of information handling; to develop a universal mechanism for protecting pre-trial data; to propose theoreticallegal and applied solutions for the transformation of criminal procedural activities into a digital model. Methods: general philosophical method (dialectics); general scientific methods: logical (analysis, synthesis, induction, deduction) and functional; special scientific methods (comparative-legal, technical-legal, modeling). Results: the paper develops proposals for improving the legal regulation of information handling in pre-trial proceedings; declares the concept of improving the system of conceptions, principles of judicial proceedings, and general conditions of a preliminary investigation; outlines a conceptual model of a high-tech state information system serving criminal procedural activities in digital pre-trial proceedings on the platform of an experimental version of a software-hardware complex under the working title SleD. Conclusions: the upcoming prospects of the digital transformation of criminal proceedings determine the need to streamline legal relations concerning the handling of the pre-trial stage data. The list of data not subject to disclosure is determined by the circumstances of the case, but always meets the requirements of the information protection principle, of the proposed conditions of a preliminary investigation, and the concept of procedurally significant information. The unified procedure of information handling will provide a stable basis for creating effective high-tech criminal proceedings.
Assessment of the sharing economy maturity in Russia: The consumer goods rental market
Authors:   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Gostilovich Aleksandr O. , Lapidus Larisa V. ,   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Davydkin Vladislav V. ,   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Yuryev Gennady A. ,   City Business School
Published: October 2024

Abstract. Introduction: development of digital economy is accompanied by the growth of sharing economy business models which are based on short-term rental of underutilized resources with the help of digital platforms. Sharing economy covers many areas of consumer life, including car sharing (ridesharing), workspace (coworking), free space in the house (flatsharing), etc. The most classical sphere of sharing economy is rental of goods (goods sharing). Studying the development potential of this market is an urgent research task and may be of interest to both scientific community and venture investors, as well as representatives of large Russian companies. Objectives: to assess the maturity of Russian consumer goods rental market. Methods: sociological research of buyers in one of the largest marketplaces in Russia. A survey was conducted among 1,298 respondents who regularly make purchases on the selected marketplace and 2,092 respondents who make more than 2 items returns per month. Results: 40 % of respondents are potentially interested in renting items. First of all, they are interested in renting tools for repairs (40 %), items for tourism (25 %), sports goods (23 %) and items for cleaning (21 %). 2 % of respondents used to rent things during the previous year, while in those who did not use this service, 83 % do not know about it, and 18 % clearly report such a need. Respondents identify the main advantage of renting consumer goods as the possibility of using a product that will be needed “a couple of times” and the opportunity to try whether this product is suitable. The main barrier to goods sharing is the risk of paying the full cost of the items in case of its breakdown. Consumers who most often return goods are less aware of the possibility to rent goods, while they often have more need for this. Conclusions: consumers in Russia are moderately interested in renting items. To develop this segment of the sharing economy it is necessary to raise consumer awareness and effectively manage the renter’s risks in case of items damage.
Self-realization of university students in the context of the state youth policy
Authors:   North-West Institute of Management, Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Tyurina Yulia A. , Antoncheva Olga A. ,   North-West Institute of Management, Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Lyashko Svetlana V. ,   North-West Institute of Management, Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration
Published: October 2024

Introduction: there has been a rise of the universities role in ensuring the basic goal of the state youth policy – in creating conditions for the self-realization of student youth. But do the state goals declared in the fundamental regulatory documents on youth policy in universities correspond to the ideas of student youth about their prospects, plans and opportunities? Objectives: to consider and analyze the ideas of young people about values, competencies, targets and conditions of self-realization at the university in the context of the state youth policy implementation. Methods: sociological method, systematic and comparative analysis. The empirical base of the study are the results of an online survey of students in five Russian cities: St. Petersburg, Belgorod, Yekaterinburg, Novosibirsk and Khabarovsk (n = 1743 people, 2023). Results: the study showed that the most important for students are the basic values: health, well-being, material prosperity and well-being, family, freedom and independence, friends and communication. Based on cluster analysis, groups of students were identified that differ in their assessments of acquired competencies: “pragmatists” (41.2 %), “conformists” (46.7 %) and “organized performers” (12.1 %). Conclusions: students goals and values are shifted towards pragmatism, individualism and freedom of activity. Such motivational and motivating components as innovation, creativity, hard work and empathy remain outside the students attention. Only one fifth of students are engaged actively in constructive forms of self-organization; less than half are satisfied with the quality of their education, and one third note the lack of assistance in building an individual professional and career trajectory. As part of the state youth policy implementation, a new model of social mobility should be developed, social elevators should be proposed and guaranteed to ensure the advancement of young people to their intended goals.
Comprehensive assessment of the living standards in Russian regions: Medium-term perspectives
Authors:   Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Stroev Pavel V. , Nizamutdinov Marsel M. ,   Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Oreshnikov Vladimir V. ,   Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation
Published: October 2024

Introduction: improving the population living standard is one of the main tasks facing public authorities in the Russian Federation. At the same time, this concept itself is interpreted ambiguously, which makes quantitative assessment difficult. Forecasting its change is even more difficult, since there is an influence of many heterogeneous factors. However, it is impossible to make effective decisions in the sphere of territorial socio-economic development without a scientifically substantiated forecast. Objectives: building scenario forecast of the integrated assessment of living standards in the constituent entities of the Russian Federation for the medium term, using formalised methods. Methods: grouping and indicators dynamics analysis are used for an integral assessment of the quality of life, correlation analysis used in determining the indicators weights. Economic and mathematical modelling, trend analysis, scenario modelling are used within the framework of the forecast formation. The information base was formed by the data presented in the publications of the Federal State Statistics Service of Russia. Results: the authors developed an approach to the assessment and forecasting of living standards in the regions of the Russian Federation, with the use of a twostage convolution procedure, considering the weight characteristics of elements and allowing to build a medium-term scenario forecast considering the retrospective dynamics of private indicators. The differences between the scenarios were determined by the level of indicators growth rates differentiation in the regions of the country. Based on the forecast of private indicators changes, the changes in the population living standards in the Russian regions were assessed. The corresponding rating of the regions was formed, which is characterized by a comprehensive consideration of heterogeneous factors. Conclusions: it has been shown that differentiation level of Russian regions is not decreasing. A closed spiral is formed, within which each of the problems of socio-economic development aggravates the other. The contradictory development of regions has been identified: being leaders in some areas, they can at the same time be significantly inferior in others. The result of the study allows to identify regions interested in the implementing a particular scenario, as well as to quantitatively show the effects to be obtained in the case of each scenario implementation.
Centralismo y autonomía territorial en Colombia: una discusión desde las competencias territoriales de cara a la pandemia del COVID-19
Authors: Pérez-Medina Andrés Gustavo
Published: October 2024

La adopción del centralismo como sistema político en Colombia ha sido una constante en la historia republicana de nuestro país, en donde ha sido el sector central en cabeza del presidente de la república foco de diversas facultades y competencias en aspectos administrativos, fiscales y de policía. Sin embargo, la llegada de la pandemia del coronavirus COVID-19 ha generado un nuevo espacio de debate frente a las facultades que tienen el sector central y las entidades territoriales en el marco del principio constitucional de la autonomía territorial, todo en aras de contener, prevenir y mitigar los efectos adversos de la pandemia. Así que la noción del sistema político adoptado deberá articularse desde lo local para escenarios como el propuesto por la enfermedad, en aras de garantizar derechos fundamentales de la población.
Sistemas conversacionales: entre la privacidad y la funcionalidad de las interacciones
Authors: Chávez Valdivia Ana Karin
Published: October 2024

La tecnología ha viabilizado todo tipo de cambios en la sociedad, uno de los más trascendentes se refleja en la forma en la cual nos relacionamos con nuestro entorno. Es así como los sistemas conversacionales posibilitan diversos tipos de interacciones de manera sencilla y permanente, al tiempo que su impacto se vuelve escalonado acorde a sus potencialidades y funcionalidades dentro de los entornos en los cuales se encuentran incorporados. En este sentido, mediante la simulación de características específicas humanas estos sistemas intervienen sin mayor problema en el desarrollo de una conversación, con lo que generan una actitud de mayor o menor confianza ante sus respuestas, las mismas que conducirán a la toma de ciertas decisiones por parte de las personas; y, al ser entidades diseñadas, pueden adoptar las “formas” y “actitudes” que nosotros decidamos basados en la información que le suministremos, por lo que diversos aspectos en torno a la privacidad del usuario se encuentran seriamente comprometidos.
Indiscutiblemente el rápido desarrollo e interés por introducir los sistemas conversacionales en todas las actividades de nuestra vida cotidiana consolida la premisa de que cuanto más generalizado sea su uso, mayor será la cantidad de datos personales que estarán a disposición de terceros; y, en consecuencia, diversas consideraciones en torno a la privacidad deben ser replanteadas.
El régimen especial de condicionalidad en el Sistema Integral de Verdad, Justicia, Reparación y No Repetición: una mirada desde su aplicación
Authors: García-Giraldo Juan Pablo , Cruz-Quintero Ana Sofía , Gutiérrez-Noreña Eyleen Jeritza
Published: October 2024

Este artículo abordará la aplicación del régimen especial de condicionalidad (REC) en el Sistema Integral de Verdad, Justicia, Reparación y No Repetición (SIVJRNR), y su relación con la satisfacción de los principios del sistema. Para ello, se plantean aspectos claves como la conceptualización de dicho régimen, y los parámetros considerados por la Jurisdicción Especial para la Paz para la aceptación de los compromisos claros, concretos y programados (CCCP) que deben suscribir los comparecientes ante el SIVJRNR. Por esto, se adoptó un enfoque cualitativo de alcance descriptivo con un diseño no experimental que permitió analizar el alcance de la suscripción de los CCCP y el alcance del REC para garantizar medidas de verdad, justicia, reparación y no repetición (VJRNR). De esta forma, se evidencia que el REC, su verificación y cumplimiento son aspectos fundamentales para lograr el alcance restaurativo del SIVJRNR y la eficacia de los mecanismos de VJRNR. No obstante, persisten una serie de falencias administrativas frente al registro de los CCCP, lo que representa una limitación para la participación de las víctimas en la valoración de estos y en el seguimiento de las obligaciones de los comparecientes por parte de la ciudadanía respecto al cumplimiento del régimen de condicionalidad.
Los 6402 “falsos positivos” como crímenes de Estado en Colombia y su relación con los crímenes de lesa humanidad
Authors: Torres-Vásquez Henry , Huertas-Díaz Omar
Published: October 2024

Han sido muchos los delitos ejecutados con ocasión y en desarrollo del conflicto armado colombiano por parte de agentes del Estado, en este siglo estos se especializaron en la comisión, especialmente de homicidios en persona protegida, en los que los culpables fueron integrantes del ejército colombiano. Este artículo determina las conductas punibles que se designan en este país como crímenes de Estado y cómo debe ser el tratamiento penal de las mismas al ser efectuadas por soldados rasos o mandos medios que se confabularon con civiles y otros agentes estatales para procurar dejar en la impunidad, particularmente desapariciones forzadas de personas y miles de homicidios. Estos crímenes se materializan en medio de un Estado que en lugar de salvaguardar derechos los limita, los cercena, y en consecuencia las posibilidades de hacer justicia son lejanas, lo que pone de manifiesto un terror estatal en el que diferentes gobiernos han concebido al menos por omisión como parte de su política de seguridad una multiplicidad de crímenes respecto de jóvenes indefensos que no pertenecían a ningún grupo guerrillero, pertenecientes a estratos populares que eran mostrados por la fuerza pública colombiana a través de los medios de comunicacióncomo guerrilleros dados de baja en combates. Este escrito concluye que al examinar estas conductas se encuentra que no fueron hechos aislados, que los crímenes presentan una generalidad y sistematicidad y otras particularidades que, al ser un tipo de violencia estructural, se pueden tipificar como crímenes de lesa humanidad. Lo que fusionado con lo señalado por la Jurisdicción Especial para la Paz que ha encontrado que son 6402 los muertos presentados como bajas ilegítimamente presentadas en combate en el que sus autores o participes son integrantes del ejército colombiano, lleva a deducir que deben ser tipificados como crímenes perseguidos interna e internacionalmente.
Primary cell cultures from Atlantic salmon alevin head tissue v1
Authors: Florea Alexandra , Gratacap Remi , Jin Yehwa , Ballantyne Maeve , not provided Diego.Robledo , not provided tim.bean
Published: October 2024

Introduction Salmonids are the third most farmed fin fish species. And while the industry keeps growing, a variety of different pathogens continue to threaten its sustainability. Gene manipulation is quickly becoming a reliable way of creating genetically-resistant salmon stocks, especially when dealing with viral diseases such as SAV or ISAV. Methods of vector delivery into salmonid embryos, such as CRISPR/Cas9, are now well established, but the means to test the resulting embryo’s disease resistance currently relies on live pathogen challenges in whole animals, which are logistically complex, expensive and challenging when it comes welfare. This can be somewhat overcome by producing primary cell culture from edited animals and exposing these cultures to pathogens. However, the techniques for doing this are either not well characterized or not well represented in the literature. Atlantic salmon lags behind other salmonid species when it comes to cell cultures established from embryos or post-hatch alevins (juvenile salmon). In this study, we have developed a protocol to culture primary cells from Atlantic salmon alevins, which allows for the testing of in-vivo gene edited embryos in an in-vitro environment, without the need to expose whole fish to disease, along with all the associated animal welfare issues. Methodology: Alevins were sacrificed and dechorionated. The fish were each split into sections and decontaminated using an antibiotic mix. The tissues were chemically dissociated using trypsin and seeded into cell culture plates using various novel media mixes. The cells were kept in an incubator at 20°C. One media change was performed every 2-4 days. Results: Our alevin cell cultures have similar or better survival rates when compared to other salmonid species embryonal or pre-first feed fish cell cultures. The cells, which are able to form a monolayer in just over two weeks after seeding, remain viable and proliferative for up to four weeks (Figure 1).
Standard Operating Procedure for Passive Bioaerosol Collection in the Field: Cheesecloth Windbreak v1
Authors: Ann Kase Julie , Nolte Kurt , Roberto Guzman Jose , Wolny Jennifer , A. Brassill Natalie , T. Saber Ban , M. Rock Channah
Published: October 2024

This protocol details the capture of bioaerosols for analyses and bacteria recovery and isolation using a cheesecloth windbreak at field sampling sites.
El poblamiento del Alto Guadalete durante el sultanato Nazarí
Authors: Iglesias García Luis
Published: October 2024

The results of the Documentary and Graphic Study accomplished in the Rivera del Gaidovar, in the municipalities of Grazalema (Cádiz) and Montecorto (Málaga) and by extension the data obtained with the works development in the headwaters of the Guadalete, are presented.
This work is part of a larger project that extended to all sites of medieval chronology in the Sierra de Cádiz, although with occasional extension to Málaga for obvious geographical reasons, although in the malacitana area only the sites already known were visited.
The results show a weak Andalusian presence in this area until the formation of the Granada Nasrid sultanate, when a population explosion occurred, most likely due to emigration caused by the push of the Christian kingdoms, particularly Castilla, for the sector in question.
The settlement is characterized by an intense fortification of residence places and its connection with irrigated perimeters or works of hydraulic engineering that can be traced back, with the appropriate precautions, to medieval times.
ESTRATÉGIAS DE ENFRENTAMENTO E AS MUDANÇAS NA VIDA ACADÊMICA FRENTE A PANDEMIA
Authors: Garcia Melissa Neves , Beltrão Marília Gabriela dos Santos , De Melo Mônica Cristina Batista , Barbosa Leopoldo Nelson Fernandes , Costa Juliana Monteiro
Published: October 2024

As mudanças acadêmicas resultantes da necessidade de quarentena e isolamento social impostos pela pandemia do COVID-19, estão sendo vivenciadas de maneira diferente pelos estudantes. O estudo objetivou compreender as estratégias de enfrentamento e as mudanças ocorridas na vida acadêmica dos estudantes. Trata-se de um estudo de corte transversal com análise qualitativa. Os dados foram coletados em maio de 2020 através de questionário (formulário) com perguntas fechadas sobre características sociodemográficas e semiabertas, disponibilizado em plataforma disponível no site forms.office.com. A estratégia utilizada para recrutamento dos participantes foi a “snowball sampling”, através da distribuição do formulário por WhatsApp, durante três dias. Participaram do estudo 131 estudantes, de todo território nacional. Os resultados apontaram mudanças na vida acadêmica e familiar com a inclusão do ensino remoto e as metodologias propostas pelas instituições. Algumas dificuldades referidas foram acesso à internet, adaptação do ambiente familiar para aulas remota, o estudo remoto afetando e sendo afetado pela dinâmica familiar, falta de organização prévia e o acúmulo de atividades propostas pelas instituições. Foram relatados também os esforços contínuos vivenciados nos enfrentamentos pelos estudantes diante da necessidade de prosseguir com as atividades acadêmicas durante o isolamento social. A resposta emocional dos estudantes também foi identificada bem como a qualidade da dedicação no processo de ensino remoto. O presente estudo aponta para a necessidade de implementação de atividades com objetivo de facilitar o processo de adaptação de estudantes e docentes com vistas a saúde mental e qualidade da aprendizagem.
Mechanisms of drug resistance to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in breast cancer
Authors: Aliev K. A. , Zyablitskaya E. Yu. , Makalish T. P. , Sorokina L. E. , Asanova E. R.
Published: October 2024

Aim. Тo study the molecular genetic characteristics of the tumor microenvironment and the mechanisms of cell death in resistant locally advanced breast cancer.Materials and methods. The study included 48 patients with breast cancer T2–4N0–3M0–1 (mean age 55.6 ± 9.8 years), and 29 patients of comparable age with breast fibroadenoma. According to the design of the study, patients were divided into groups: Group 1 included women with breast cancer resistant to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (n = 23), Group 2 – with breast cancer and a complete response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (n = 25), control Group – with fibroadenoma (n = 29). The expression of markers CD4+, CD8+, CD20+, CD68+, tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF A), Ang-2, matrix metalloproteinase 12 (MMP-12), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), bcl-2, p53, CD95 was assessed using immunohistochemistry.Results. When phenotyping immune cells, the following differences were obtained: in the tumor tissue of patients in Group 1, a significant decrease in the number of cytotoxic CD8+ cells was noted compared to Group 2 (p = 0.001) and control (p = 0.032). In Group 2, a significant increase in the number of CD68+ cells was revealed in relation to Group 1 (p = 0.027). The cytokine profile of the tumor microenvironment in Group 1 is characterized by statistically significant overexpression of TNF-α compared to Group 2 (p >0.001) and the control Group (p = 0.01). With regard to apoptotic factors, noteworthy is the significant decrease in the expression of bcl-2 and p53 in Group 1 compared to Group 2 (p = 0.001 and p = 0.02 accordingly).Conclusion. The presented results can serve as the basis for the creation of diagnostic algorithms that have predictive value regarding the effectiveness of NCT, and also to help identify new targets to justify the use of combined breast cancer treatments in the early stage.
Antiproliferative effect of wild berries and North-Eastern Siberian bulbous spleen carp on breast cancer cells MCF-7
Authors: Egorov A. N. , Tikhonov D. G. , Golderova A. S.
Published: October 2024

Introduction. Studies have shown that natural compounds from various plants including berries can have antitumor activity. We examined Phlojodicarpus sibiricus extract as well as homogenates of wild berries such as hawthorn, cranberry, brier; all these plants contain a variety of biologically active compounds: flavonoids, carotenoids, anthocyanins and other polyphenols.Aim. To evaluate cytotoxicity of wild berries and Phlojodicarpus sibiricus growing in Northwestern Siberia in Michigan Cancer Foundation-7 (MCF-7) breast cancer cell line using the МТТ assay.Materials and methods. We examined homogenates of wild berries including Dahurian hawthorn (Crataegus dahurica Koehne), bog cranberry (Oxycoccus microcarpus Turcz.), Yakut brier (Rosa jacutica Juz.) and extract of the above-ground part (leaves, stems) of Phlojodicarpus sibiricus. Cytotoxicity of the prepared homogenates was evaluated on the MCF-7 cell line. For homogenate screening, colorimetric assay for assessing cell metabolic activity МТТ was used.Results. Dahurian hawthorn, bog cranberry and Yakut brier have statistically significant cytotoxic effect on tumor cells at concentration of 100 mg/mL in incubation medium. Among the evaluated berries, Yakut brier demonstrated the highest suppression of MCF-7 cell line growth: at dose 100 mg/mL it decreased it by 80.19 % compared to control. Extract of Phlojodicarpus sibiricus at concentration 10 mg/mL left only 4.95 % of the MCF-7 cells alive.Conclusion. Therefore, wild berries have antiproliferative potential. Being edible, they can be helpful in prevention of oncological diseases. High antiproliferative activity of Phlojodicarpus sibiricus demonstrated by us in this and previous studies indicate that it can be considered a source of effective antitumor compounds.
Diagnostic potential of miRNA-135A1 in human papillomavirus associated cervical lesions
Authors: Elkin D. S. , Taubinskaya M. I. , Elkina N. V. , Faskhutdinov R. S. , Fedorova M. D. , Katargin A. N. , Zhordania K. I. , Mustafina E. A. , Grivachev E. A. , Pavlova L. S. , Vinokurova S. V.
Published: October 2024

Introduction. Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection with high-risk HPVs is an etiological factor in the development of cervical cancer, with HPV type 16 (HPV16) being the most common. The mechanisms leading to disruption of viral oncogene expression and initiation of epithelial cell transformation are poorly understood. Epigenetic regulatory factors, including cellular miRNAs, may play an important role in HPV-induced carcinogenesis, and aberrantly expressed miRNAs may be promising markers for the diagnosis of HPV-associated lesions.Aim. To search for miRNAs involved in the pathogenesis of HPV16-associated cervical cancer and to evaluate their diagnostic potential for the detection of cervical cancer and precancerous lesions.Materials and methods. MiRNA expression in clinical samples was assessed by both next generation sequencing and quantitative stem-loop polymerase chain reaction (sl-qPCR). Plasma miRNAs from patients with precancerous and cancerous lesions and healthy donors were analyzed using sl-qPCR. Loss of heterozygosity in cervical cancer samples was assessed by copy number ratio of MIR135A1 and ACTB genes. A total of 67 patients with cervical cancer, 21 with precancerous cervical lesions and 24 healthy donors were included in the study. The effect of DNA methylation on miRNA-135A1 expression was evaluated after treatment with a demethylating agent of the cervical HPV16-positive SiHa cell line. Changes in the expression of the HPV16 E6 oncogene were analyzed after transfection with synthetic analogues of the mature forms of miRNA-135А1 (miRNA-135a-3p and miRNA-135a-5p).Results. A significant decrease in the expression of miRNA-135A1 and miRNA-135A2 was detected in tumor tissue samples from HPV16-positive cervical cancer, which was confirmed by sl-qPCR in an independent panel of tumor samples. A decrease in miRNA-135A1 expression was shown to result from both loss of heterozygosity of the gene and aberrant DNA methylation. Transfection of mature forms of miRNA-135A1 into SiHa cells resulted in decreased expression of the E6 oncogene of HPV16. Blood plasma samples from patients with cervical cancer and precancerous lesions showed lower levels of miRNA-135a-3p than healthy donors, and ROC analysis indicated its high diagnostic potential.Conclusion. Levels of miRNA-135A1 are significantly reduced in cervical lesions, both in tumor tissue and plasma, and the ability of this miRNA to suppress the expression of the HPV16 E6 oncogene suggests its oncosuppressive properties. Thus, miRNA-135A1 can be used as a promising new marker for the diagnosis of HPV-associated lesions.
Anti-tumor effects of recombinant human cyclophilin A combined with immune checkpoint inhibitors in the experimental model of melanoma B16 in vivo
Authors: Kalinina A. A. , Kazansky D. B. , Khromykh L. M.
Published: October 2024

Introduction. Immune checkpoint inhibitors have an exceptional position in cancer immunotherapy. Currently, anti-CTLA-4 (cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4) and anti-PD-1/PD-L1 (PD-1 – programmed cell death 1, PD-L1 – programmed death 1 ligand 1) therapies are most widely applied in clinical practice. Still, immune checkpoint inhibitors therapy is not always successful, and multiple studies have indicated that it should be combined with other immunotherapeutic strategies, including cytokines. Secreted cyclophilin A (CypA) could be of particular interest in this respect. Previously, we showed that recombinant human CypA (rhCypA) had pleiotropic immunostimulatory activity and anti-tumor effects. Studies of rhCypA as an anti-cancer factor pointed to its potential use in cancer chemoimmunotherapy and combination immunotherapy.Aim. To evaluate anti-tumor effects of combined immunotherapy using rhCypA and immune checkpoint inhibitors in the mouse model of melanoma B16 in vivo.Materials and methods. C57BL/6 mice were subcutaneously transplanted with melanoma B16. On days 6 and 9 posttumor transplantation, monoclonal antibodies to PD-1, PD-L1 and programmed cell death 1 ligand 2 (PD-L2), CTLA-4, lymphocyte-activation gene 3 (LAG-3), or CD276 were intravenously injected into mice at a dose of 100 μg/mouse. RhCypA was injected s/c on days 6–10 post-tumor transplantation at a dose of 100 μg/mouse. The therapeutic effects of combined immunotherapy were evaluated by melanoma B16 growth dynamics and the survival of tumor-bearing mice.Results. In combination with anti-CTLA-4 monoclonal antibodies, rhCypA had the most distinct and prolonged synergic anti-tumor effects until day 19 post-immunotherapy, with an increase in animal lifespan of 70 %. When used with anti-LAG-3 monoclonal antibodies, rhCypA exhibited a synergic therapeutic effect by day 12 post-therapy. Combination of rhCypA with anti-PD-L1 or anti-CD276 monoclonal antibodies had short-term synergic effects until day 5 after therapy. Recombinant human CypA impeded the anti-tumor effects of dual anti-PD-1 + anti-LAG-3 therapy.Conclusion. Our findings pointed out that rhCypA could significantly improve therapeutic effects of individual immune checkpoint inhibitors. Therefore, rhCypA could be potentially proposed as a component of combined anti-tumor immunotherapy.
Germline and somatic alterations in NBN and their putative impact on the pathogenesis of malignant neoplasms
Authors: Krivtsova O. M. , Ozerova D. D. , Lazarevich N. L.
Published: October 2024

Disruption of mechanisms that maintain genome stability is an essential factor of tumor progression. Accordingly, predisposition to the development of neoplasms is often associated with germline mutations in genes involved in DNA damage detection and repair. At the same time, impairment of DNA repair systems may be a predictor of antitumor treatment efficacy while overexpression of genes involved in DNA repair is a frequent event in various types of malignancies that can lead to development of tumor cells’ resistance to chemo- and radiotherapy. NBN (nibrin) gene encodes the subunit of the MRN complex which acts as a sensor of double-strand DNA breaks and participates in their repair by homologous recombination. Germline variants in NBN which are associated with increased risk of tumor development are generally represented by frameshift mutations that lead to the synthesis of truncated protein as well as by nonsense and some missense mutations which occur in functionally significant domains. These germline mutations result in partial loss of nibrin function and in increased frequency of spontaneous and induced chromosomal aberrations in the cells of the carriers. On the contrary, amplification of NBN locus is a predominant type of somatic mutations affecting this gene, which indicates a dual role of NBN protein in tumor progression. The results of several studies demonstrate the influence of NBN expression level and its mutational status on anti-tumor drug resistance in particular types of tumor cells and on the survival rate of patients. These data indicate that an in-depth study of different variants and their functional significance is necessary since NBN status may be essential for the choice of treatment tactics for some types of tumors.
OPTIMIZING ROYALTY PAYMENTS FOR MAXIMUM ECONOMIC BENEFIT: A CASE STUDY UTILIZING MODIFIED SHOOTING AND DISCRETIZATION METHODS
Authors: Ahmad Wan Noor Afifah Wan , Sufahani Suliadi Firdaus , Mohamad Mahmod Abd Hakim , Abidin Norhaslinda Zainal
Published: October 2024

This research delves into the application of the modified shooting method for the numerical resolution of non-standard optimal control (OC) problems. More precisely, it concentrates on scenarios where the final state value component remains unknown and unconstrained, leading to a non-zero final shadow value or costate variable. Moreover, the objective function involved a piecewise royalty function, which poses a challenge due to its lack of differentiability within a specific time interval. Consequently, the novel modified shooting method was employed to ascertain the elusive final state value. The model’s differentiability is maintained throughout by adopting a continuous hyperbolic tangent (tanh) approximation. In addition, the construction of the Sufahani-Ahmad-Newton-Golden-Royalty Algorithm (SANGRA) and Sufahani-Ahmad-Powell-Golden-Royalty Algorithm (SAPGRA) was accomplished using the C++ programming language to formulate the problem. The outcomes of these algorithms, satisfying the criteria for optimality, were juxtaposed with non-linear programming (NLP) techniques such as Euler and Runge-Kutta, aside from Trapezoidal and Hermite-Simpson approximations. This groundbreaking discovery carries extensive practical implications as it propels the field forward and ensures the application of contemporary problem-solving methodologies. Moreover, the study underscores the significance of fundamental theory in effectively tackling current economic challenges.