bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PRODUCTIVITY OF FIRST CALVING COWS UKRAINIAN BLACK-AND-WHITE DAIRY BREED DEPENDING ON WEIGHT GROWTH OF HEIFERS
Authors: Klimkovetskyi А. А. , Nosevych D. K.
Published: February 2021

The productivity of cows with the first calving depending on live weight and average daily gains of heifers during rearing studied. The data of animals of Ukrainian Black-and-White dairy breed of Kyiv factory type used for the research. Every three months, from birth to 18 months of age, heifers were determined live weight and average daily gain. According to the indicators of weight growth, the heifers divided into 5 groups of the standard deviation principle from the mean. In animals included in these groups studied the performance of the first lactation. It found that obtaining a live weight of 3-month-old heifers over 127 kg can significantly reduce the age of the first calving. The advantage over animals belonging to the groups with less weight is 2.7-3.5 months. Increasing the live weight of heifers at 12 and 15 months also allows reducing the age of the first calving. Moderate (less than 722 g per day) growth of heifers at the age of 6-9 months also has a positive effect on the reduction of the age of the first calving. The weight of newborns heifers during lactation was associated with first calving cow’s milk yield. Heifers born with the lowest live weight (less than 28 kg) had after the first calving milk yield per lactation 145… 1956 kg more than in other groups. The live weight of 3-month-old heifers is of the greatest importance for the formation of high milk productivity of cows. Obtaining live weight of heifers of this age 117-127 kg with an average daily gain of 902-1037 g provided in first the lactation the largest milk yield with an advantage over animals of other groups up to 3119 kg. In older age periods, the influence of growing heifers on the formation of milk productivity is less pronounced, and the optimal live weight and growth rate was at the level of the average size of the herd. The research results can used to optimize the growth plans of heifers and their selection.
HEMATOLOGICAL INDICES AND THE RATE OF GROWTH DEPENDING ON DURATION OF EMBRYONIC GROWTH OF PIGS OBTAINED BY COMMERCIAL CROSS-BREEDING
Authors: Matsenko M. I.
Published: February 2021

The studies were performed in pigs obtained by commercial cross-breeding under conditions of pig-breeding complex of Agricultural Open Joint-Stock Company Agrokombinat Kalyta. 115 crossbred breeding sows (Big White x Landras) – of similar age and development – were selected for the study; they were mated with purebred Big White boars. Three groups by five animals were selected from these breeding sows by pregnancy duration. The first one (control group, the pregnancy duration was the farm average) – 112-116 days; the second one (study group, reduced pregnancy duration) – 103-111 days; the third one (study group, extended pregnancy duration) – 117-120 days. The authors studied the growth duration and hematological parameters of these breeding sows’ offsprings after ablactation until the end of fattening. The piglets were ablactated at the age of 26 days. The young stock were fed with dry feed stuff according to the conventional technology. The feed level for the pigs of all groups was the same. The pigs were weighted upon birth at 1, 2, 4, 6 months, and the relative weight gain and actual growth rate of the pigs were determined by Shmalgauzen and Brody formula. Hematological tests were performed at the age of 2, 4 and 6 months in four animals from each group (two gilts and two boars). Blood for tests was collected from auricular veins before feeding. Red blood cell count and hemoglobin concentration were measured by hemascope, total protein, albumin and globulins were measured refractometrically. It has been established that the piglets obtained from the breeding sows with reduced pregnancy duration had the lowest body weight at birth, and the piglets obtained from the extended pregnancy had the highest body weight. From the age of two months, the young stock with the reduced embryonic growth duration were superior to the age-mates with the average and extended pregnancy in terms of body weight. The animals with reduced embryonic growth duration had higher relative weight gain and the actual growth rate factor, which characterizes their high growth intensity. The pigs obtained at commercial cross-breeding with different embryonic development duration had different blood composition. Thus, the piglets with reduced and average embryonic growth duration, had higher red blood cells count, hemoglobin and total protein content. Higher hematological indicators in pigs with reduced embryonic period coincide with the period of their higher growth energy which indicates the interrelation between the intensity of the animals’ growth and the red blood cell count, hemoglobin and total protein in blood. Therefore, the embryonic development period reduction positively affects the growth energy, that is associated with improved hematological indicators, which is advisable to consider in pigs selection program.
DYNAMICS OF LAMB AND SHEEP MILK PRODUCTION IN THE WORLD AND UKRAINE
Authors: Turynskiy V. M. , Bogdanova K. S. , Bogdanova N. V.
Published: February 2021

Lately in Ukraine, a promising development area of the sheep industry is young lamb, and sheep's milk. The article analyzes and summarizes the FAO data on lamb and sheep milk production dynamics globally and in Ukraine for the period 2008-2018. The research results indicate that the world production of lamb in general for the stated period increased by 14.0 %. Such countries as Chad (2.15 times), Uzbekistan (1.95 times), and Algeria (1.82 times) observed a significant increase in lamb production. In Europe, the leaders in the production of lamb are Great Britain (289 thousand tons), Russia (205.1 thousand tons), and Spain (119.6 thousand tons). During the study period, the production of lamb in Spain decreased by 23.8 %, in New Zealand, France, and Sudan, respectively, by 21.2; 21.5 and 20.4 %. There is a decrease in this indicator in the UK by 12.8 %, Syria – 12.6 %, and India – by 12.2 %. In Ukraine, the production of lamb in 2018 amounted to 7.8 thousand tons, 7.14 % lower than in 2008. The leading countries in sheep milk production are Turkey – 13.6% of the world's milk volume, China – 11.1 %, and Greece – 7.1 %. Turkey (2.15 times) and Mali (1.92 times) had a high increase in milk production for the specified period. Countries such as Iran (1.37 times), France (1.33 times), and Spain (1.24 times) have had a relatively good increase in milk production over the past ten years. Milk production decreased significantly in Sudan, Syria, India, and Italy, by 17.7, respectively; 9.2; 7.67 and 7.05 %. In general, during the study period, sheep's milk production in the world increased by 16.6 %. In 2018, Ukraine produced 18.1 thousand tons of sheep's milk, 24.3 % less than in 2008. In Ukraine, the decrease in lamb and sheep milk production increased due to the decrease in sheep number by 29.6 % (the increase from 2018 to 2008).
Resection Methods of Tumors Posterior Fossa and Medulla with mixed Histological Characteristics
Authors: Barahona Erick
Published: February 2021

The Subependymoma is derived from subependymal astrocytic cells. In the present work we report 3 patients: 1 patient with data of endocranial hypertension, and two with neurological focus and spinal involvement. MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imagen) showed heterogeneous images, solid and cystic components, from different locations. Ependimo-Astrocytomas have neoplastic ependymal cells and gliofibrillar formation. Embryologically, the ventricle is lined by ependymal cells, below which is a layer of glial fibers and a layer of subependymal cells. When these layers of differentiation do not exist in development, there is high mitosis and these lesions with mixed characteristics can be found. Different tips and suggestions are provided in its management for resection in the surgical treatment of these cervical tumors.
Algorithm for Recanalization of Chronic Totally Occluded (CTO) Native Coronary Arteries Through a Diseased or Occluded Saphenous Vein Graft in Post Bypass Patients.
Authors: Dens Jo
Published: February 2021

Chronic total occlusion (CTO) desobstruction of a native coronary artery in a post coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) patient can be a challenging procedure. In principle, the 3 basic approaches of recanalization of occluded native coronary arteries can be used: antegrade wire escalation (AWE), antegrade dissection re-entry (ADR) and a retrograde technique. On the other hand, a previous implanted saphenous vein graft (SVG) – even when occluded – can be used as a conduit for retrograde access. Moreover, access through a graft might be less complex compared to the use of septal or epicardial collaterals. If the graft is still open or has a tapered stump, this should be considered as a suitable conduit. Literature on recanalization of occluded native coronary arteries trough a diseased or occluded SVG is limited. A flowchart with an algorithm in post CABG patients is proposed and illustrated by 3 clinical cases.
Validation of SAD PERSONS Scale in Thai Tertiary Context
Authors: Pattanaseri Keerati , Nanthasarut Karnthima , Chantapong Panatchaporn , Saisavoey Nattha
Published: February 2021

Objective: To examine the validity of the SAD PERSONS scale (SPS) and item analysis in a Thai tertiary setting.Material and Methods: One hundred and twenty-six inpatients were recruited from a psychiatric ward. Patients were interviewed by a consultant psychiatrist and assessed a variety of suicide risk factors. The SPS was blindly performed by a psychiatric resident. The psychometric properties of SPS was executed by comparing the assessment results.Results: A cut-off point of SPS was at 2/3 in assessing current high suicide risk with the sensitivity 79.0% and specificity 35.0%. While the specificity of cut-off point 4/5 was greater than 90.0%, sensitivity was only 27.0%. Parameters that correlated the high risk of suicide were only depression and statement of future suicide intent.Conclusion: For the purpose of suicide prevention, a sensitivity of screening scale is essential. SPS failed to identify the majority of those requiring high intensity psychological intervention though it shows the high specificity of suicide risk. The instrument should not be applied to screen self-harm patients presenting to general hospitals.
The Global State of Democracy Indices Methodology: Conceptualization and Measurement Framework, Version 4 (2020)
Authors: Skaaning Svend-Erik
Published: February 2021

The Global State of Democracy is a biennial report that aims to provide policymakers with an evidence-based analysis of the state of global democracy, supported by the Global State of Democracy Indices (GSoD Indices), in order to inform policy interventions and identify problem-solving approaches to trends affecting the quality of democracy around the world. The second edition of the report provides a health check of democracy and an overview of the current global and regional democracy landscape. This document presents revised and updated information about all the variables included in the GSoD indices data set that enabled the construction of Version 4 of the GSoD Indices, which depicts democratic trends at the country, regional and global levels across a broad range of different attributes of democracy in the period 1975–2019. The data underlying the GSoD Indices is based on a total of 116 indicators developed by various scholars and organizations using different types of source, including expert surveys, standards-based coding by research groups and analysts, observational data and composite measures.
PENGARUH CITRA MEREK DAN KEPUASAN KONSUMEN TERHADAP LOYALITAS KONSUMEN SIM CARD TELKOMSEL (Studi Pada Pengguna Sim Card Telkomsel di Ampana Kota)
Authors: Azis Abd
Published: February 2021

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis pengaruh citra merek dan kepuasan konsumen terhadap loyalitas konsumen Sim Card Telkomsel. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh pengguna Sim Card Telkomsel di wilayah Ampana Kota Kabupaten Tojo Una-una Provinsi Sulawesi Tengah. Untuk mencapai tujuan tersebut ditarik sampel sebanyak 40 orang responden dengan metode Accidental Sampling, dan alat analisis yang digunakan adalah regresi linear berganda. Hasil penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa kedua variabel bebas yakni citra merek dan kepuasan konsumen baik secara serempak maupun parsial berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap loyalitas konsumen Sim Card Telkomsel di Ampana Kota.

 

Kata Kunci: Citra Merek, Kepuasan Konsumen, Loyalitas Konsumen
PENGARUH FASILITAS KERJA, KEMAMPUAN DAN DISIPLIN KERJA TERHADAP KINERJA PEGAWAI PADA KANTOR KECAMATAN TINOMBO KABUPATEN PARIGI MOUTONG
Authors: Abadiyah Ani Khuryatul
Published: February 2021

Penelitian ini tentang pengaruh fasilitas kerja, kemampuan dan disiplin kerja terhadap kinerja pegawai pada Kantor Kecamatan Tinombo Kabupaten Parigi Moutong. Tujuan yang akan dicapai, fasilitas kerja, kemampuan dan disiplin kerja terhadap kinerja pegawai pada Kantor Kecamatan Tinombo Kabupaten Parigi Moutong. Penelitian dilakukan pada populasi adalah seluruh pegawai pada Kantor Kecamatan Tinombo Kabupaten Parigi Moutong, yang berjumlah 34 pegawai. Uji serempak adalah sebuah pengujian untuk mengetahui apakah variabel independen (X) yang diteliti memiliki pengaruh terhadap variabel dependen (Y) berarti semua variabel bebasnya, yakni fasilitas kerja (X1), kemampuan (X2) dan disiplin kerja (X2) dengan variabel tidak bebasnya kinerja pegawai pada Kantor Kecamatan Tinombo Kabupaten Parigi Moutong. Dari tabel 4.8. terlihat hasil uji determinasi (kehandalan model) memperlihatkan nilai R-Square 0,923 atau 92.3%. Hal ini berarti bahwa sebesar 92.3% variabel tidak bebas dipengaruhi oleh ketiga variabel bebas, selebihnya variabel tidak bebas dipengaruhi oleh variabel lain yang tidak diteliti. Selanjutnya berdasarkan tabel diatas dari hasil perhitungan diperoleh Fhitung = 53.527 dan nilai Sig F (0.000) < 0,05. Dengan demikian dapat dinyatakan bahwa secara serempak variabel bebas berpengaruh signifikan terhadap variabel tidak bebasnya. Dengan demikian maka hipotesis pertama yang menyatakan bahwa; fasilitas kerja, kemampuan dan disiplin kerja secara serempak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kinerja pegawai pada Kantor Kecamatan Tinombo Kabupaten Parigi Moutong berdasarkan hasil uji-F ternyata terbukti.

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Kata Kunci: Fasilitas, Kemampuan, Disiplin Kerja, Kinerja
The treatment with an extract from Calafate (Berberis microphylla) induces transcript and protein expression of molecules involved in thermogenesis and adipocyte browning in adipose tissue from obese mice
Authors: Duarte Lissette , Quezada Javier , Ramirez Luisa A. , Vasquez Karla , Orellana Juan F. , Villanueva Vanessa , Perez-Bravo Francisco , Garcia-Diaz Diego F.
Published: February 2021

BACKGROUND:

Polyphenols intake increases the function of brown adipose tissue (BAT), stimulating energy expenditure (EE). Calafate ( Berberis microphylla) is a polyphenol-rich Chilean native fruit.

OBJECTIVE:

To analyse the effect of a treatment with a Calafate extract in the thermogenic activity of mice adipose tissues.

METHODS:

Forty adult C57BL/6J male mice were subdivided into four groups ( n=10 each): control diet, control+Calafate (extract: 50mg total polyphenols/kg weight), high-fat diet (HF) and HF+Calafate.

RESULTS:

Calafate prevented the increase in body weight and the decrease EE induced by HF. In BAT, Ucp-1 transcript was influenced by the interaction between diet and Calafate ( p<0.01), Ppar α showed the same expression pattern as Ucp-1 and both, diet ( p<0.01) and Calafate ( p<0.05), induced significant effects in Sirt1. In inguinal adipose tissue, Pgc1 α, Ppar α, Prdm16, Sirt1, and Dio2 transcripts presented a decreased expression caused by HF, that was reversed by Calafate. In BAT, an effect of diet ( p<0.05) and an interaction between diet and Calafate ( p<0.01) was observed in UCP-1 protein levels.

CONCLUSIONS:

A treatment with Calafate drives less weight gain in mice fed with HF, and reverses the effects generated by it on the expression of thermogenic and browning markers.
Modifiers of CAG/CTG Repeat Instability: Insights from Mammalian Models
Authors: Wheeler Vanessa C. , Dion Vincent
Published: February 2021

At fifteen different genomic locations, the expansion of a CAG/CTG repeat causes a neurodegenerative or neuromuscular disease, the most common being Huntington’s disease and myotonic dystrophy type 1. These disorders are characterized by germline and somatic instability of the causative CAG/CTG repeat mutations. Repeat lengthening, or expansion, in the germline leads to an earlier age of onset or more severe symptoms in the next generation. In somatic cells, repeat expansion is thought to precipitate the rate of disease. The mechanisms underlying repeat instability are not well understood. Here we review the mammalian model systems that have been used to study CAG/CTG repeat instability, and the modifiers identified in these systems. Mouse models have demonstrated prominent roles for proteins in the mismatch repair pathway as critical drivers of CAG/CTG instability, which is also suggested by recent genome-wide association studies in humans. We draw attention to a network of connections between modifiers identified across several systems that might indicate pathway crosstalk in the context of repeat instability, and which could provide hypotheses for further validation or discovery. Overall, the data indicate that repeat dynamics might be modulated by altering the levels of DNA metabolic proteins, their regulation, their interaction with chromatin, or by direct perturbation of the repeat tract. Applying novel methodologies and technologies to this exciting area of research will be needed to gain deeper mechanistic insight that can be harnessed for therapies aimed at preventing repeat expansion or promoting repeat contraction.
The Contribution of Somatic Expansion of the CAG Repeat to Symptomatic Development in Huntington’s Disease: A Historical Perspective
Authors: Monckton Darren G.
Published: February 2021

The discovery in the early 1990s of the expansion of unstable simple sequence repeats as the causative mutation for a number of inherited human disorders, including Huntington’s disease (HD), opened up a new era of human genetics and provided explanations for some old problems. In particular, an inverse association between the number of repeats inherited and age at onset, and unprecedented levels of germline instability, biased toward further expansion, provided an explanation for the wide symptomatic variability and anticipation observed in HD and many of these disorders. The repeats were also revealed to be somatically unstable in a process that is expansion-biased, age-dependent and tissue-specific, features that are now increasingly recognised as contributory to the age-dependence, progressive nature and tissue specificity of the symptoms of HD, and at least some related disorders. With much of the data deriving from affected individuals, and model systems, somatic expansions have been revealed to arise in a cell division-independent manner in critical target tissues via a mechanism involving key components of the DNA mismatch repair pathway. These insights have opened new approaches to thinking about how the disease could be treated by suppressing somatic expansion and revealed novel protein targets for intervention. Exciting times lie ahead in turning these insights into novel therapies for HD and related disorders.
Approaches to Sequence the HTT CAG Repeat Expansion and Quantify Repeat Length Variation
Authors: Ciosi Marc , Cumming Sarah A. , Chatzi Afroditi , Larson Eloise , Tottey William , Lomeikaite Vilija , Hamilton Graham , Wheeler Vanessa C. , Pinto Ricardo Mouro , Kwak Seung , Morton A. Jennifer , Monckton Darren G.
Published: February 2021

Background:

Huntington’s disease (HD) is an autosomal dominant neurodegenerative disorder caused by the expansion of the HTT CAG repeat. Affected individuals inherit ≥36 repeats and longer alleles cause earlier onset, greater disease severity and faster disease progression. The HTT CAG repeat is genetically unstable in the soma in a process that preferentially generates somatic expansions, the proportion of which is associated with disease onset, severity and progression. Somatic mosaicism of the HTT CAG repeat has traditionally been assessed by semi-quantitative PCR-electrophoresis approaches that have limitations (e.g., no information about sequence variants). Genotyping-by-sequencing could allow for some of these limitations to be overcome.

Objective:

To investigate the utility of PCR sequencing to genotype large (>50 CAGs) HD alleles and to quantify the associated somatic mosaicism.

Methods:

We have applied MiSeq and PacBio sequencing to PCR products of the HTT CAG repeat in transgenic R6/2 mice carrying ∼55, ∼110, ∼255 and ∼470 CAGs. For each of these alleles, we compared the repeat length distributions generated for different tissues at two ages.

Results:

We were able to sequence the CAG repeat full length in all samples. However, the repeat length distributions for samples with ∼470 CAGs were biased towards shorter repeat lengths.

Conclusion:

PCR sequencing can be used to sequence all the HD alleles considered, but this approach cannot be used to estimate modal allele size or quantify somatic expansions for alleles ⪢250 CAGs. We review the limitations of PCR sequencing and alternative approaches that may allow the quantification of somatic contractions and very large somatic expansions.
What is the Pathogenic CAG Expansion Length in Huntington’s Disease?
Authors: Donaldson Jasmine , Powell Sophie , Rickards Nadia , Holmans Peter , Jones Lesley
Published: February 2021

Huntington’s disease (HD) (OMIM 143100) is caused by an expanded CAG repeat tract in the HTT gene. The inherited CAG length is known to expand further in somatic and germline cells in HD subjects. Age at onset of the disease is inversely correlated with the inherited CAG length, but is further modulated by a series of genetic modifiers which are most likely to act on the CAG repeat in HTT that permit it to further expand. Longer repeats are more prone to expansions, and this expansion is age dependent and tissue-specific. Given that the inherited tract expands through life and most subjects develop disease in mid-life, this implies that in cells that degenerate, the CAG length is likely to be longer than the inherited length. These findings suggest two thresholds— the inherited CAG length which permits further expansion, and the intracellular pathogenic threshold, above which cells become dysfunctional and die. This two-step mechanism has been previously proposed and modelled mathematically to give an intracellular pathogenic threshold at a tract length of 115 CAG (95% confidence intervals 70– 165 CAG). Empirically, the intracellular pathogenic threshold is difficult to determine. Clues from studies of people and models of HD, and from other diseases caused by expanded repeat tracts, place this threshold between 60– 100 CAG, most likely towards the upper part of that range. We assess this evidence and discuss how the intracellular pathogenic threshold in manifest disease might be better determined. Knowing the cellular pathogenic threshold would be informative for both understanding the mechanism in HD and deploying treatments.
Mapping the United Nations Fundamental Principles of Official Statistics against new and big data sources
Authors: Rozkrut Dominik , Świerkot-Strużewska Olga , Van Halderen Gemma
Published: February 2021

Never has there been a more exciting time to be an official statistician. The data revolution is responding to the demands of the CoVID-19 pandemic and a complex sustainable development agenda to improve how data is produced and used, to close data gaps to prevent discrimination, to build capacity and data literacy, to modernize data collection systems and to liberate data to promote transparency and accountability. But can all data be liberated in the production and communication of official statistics? This paper explores the UN Fundamental Principles of Official Statistics in the context of eight new and big data sources. The paper concludes each data source can be used for the production of official statistics in adherence with the Fundamental Principles and argues these data sources should be used if National Statistical Systems are to adhere to the first Fundamental Principle of compiling and making available official statistics that honor citizen’s entitlement to public information.
Seeing Female Readers, Reading Female Readers, Making Meta-Readers: Montgomery as Depictor and Creator of Scholars
Authors: Frever Trinna S.
Published: February 2021

This essay explores L.M. Montgomery’s depiction of female readers, the transformation of those readers into writers, individually and collectively, and the extension of this dynamic to readers outside the books. It creates the concept of the L.M. Montgomery origin story: stories that readers tell about discovering Montgomery’s work.
Determinants of Exclusive Breastfeeding among Mothers in Rawalpindi: A Cross Sectional Study
Authors: Kant Sara Bashir , Mahmood Humaira , Rehman Masood ur , Anis Misha , Hafeez Assad
Published: February 2021

Background: Exclusive Breast Feeding is one of the most cost effective and simple ways to ensure child health and survival and is the single most instrumental intervention that leads to decreased child mortality and morbidity. This study was done to determine the frequency of exclusive breast feeding among mothers in rural Rawalpindi and to determine the frequency of factors affecting exclusive breast feeding among mothers in rural Rawalpindi.
Methods: It was a descriptive cross- sectional study, conducted in 6 months in Union Council Mandra, from November 2014 to April 2015. A sample size of 245was selected through non-probability consecutive sampling. Data was collected on a structured questionnaire from mothers visiting the RHC Mandra facility after taking informed consent. Data was analyzed in the statistical software SPSS 10.
Results: The frequency of Exclusive Breast Feeding (EBF) determined in the study was 52.2%. 29% mothers had primary level education, 52.7% had deliveries in the public hospitals and 46.5% were house wives. The birth order, age of the child, number of antenatal visits, birth wt. and mode of delivery (p<0.05) were significantly associated with EBF. The association of mother's and father's education level, monthly income, birth interval and mother's occupation with EBF were not statistically significant (p>0.05).
Conclusion: Health education by health professionals during antenatal period to initiate and maintain exclusive breast feeding should be strengthened by focusing more on the nutritional aspects of the newborn babies and its benefits in the later life.
Frequency of gingivitis in pregnancy in patients reporting to Bacha Khan Dental College, Mardan
Authors: Hussain Musarrat , Naeem Muhammad , Khattak Imran , Zaman Raham , Raziq Sajila
Published: February 2021

Background: The objective of this study was to determine the frequency of gingivitis in pregnant females reporting to Bach Khan Dental College, Mardan.
Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on 70 pregnant women by using non-probability consecutive sampling technique. Pregnant females with age range of 20 to 45 years, having adequate oral hygiene, no systemic disease affecting gingival health and Pakistani nationals were included in the study. Age, trimester of pregnancy, employment, brushing habit and presence of gingivitis were recorded. Loe and Silness gingival index was used to record the various grades of gingivitis (normal gingiva, mild, moderate, and severe gingivitis). Descriptive statistics were computed. Comparison was done for the presence of gingivitis by age, employment, brushing habits, and trimester using Chi-Square test. P?0.05 was considered significant.
Results: The mean age of the study was 28.44 years (SD, 5.65 years). The gingivitis was present in 40 (57.1%) participants. Of total 22 (31.4%) were government employees. Most common pattern of brushing teeth was ‘twice a day’ (n=28, 40%) and most common trimester of pregnancy was third (n=28, 40%). Most of the pregnant female belonged to age group 26 to 30 years (n=28, 40%) and 20 to 25 years (n=21, 30%). Most common form of gingivitis was severe (n=25, 35.71%) followed by moderate (n=13, 18.57%). In pregnant females the effect of brushing pattern, employment, trimesters and age on gingivitis was not statistically significant (P>0.05).
Conclusion: The frequency of gingivitis in pregnancy is quite high in our study. The dental practitioners should be vigilant and advise the plaque control and prompt treatment of gingivitis to pregnant females to prevent progression to periodontitis.
Oral Health Status and Treatment Needs of Police Personnel in Karachi
Authors: Majeed Muhammad Mansoor , Ahmed Naseer , Uzair Muhammad , Ghandhi Dinaz , Bashir Thelma Farast , Khalid Zunaira
Published: February 2021

Background: Oral health is an integral part of general health. Loss of teeth reduces the quality of life. Periodontal diseases constitute the major cause of tooth extraction in adults. A high prevalence of periodontal diseases among adults with considerable disparities between populations has been reported. Many studies have been reported in the literature depicting the periodontal status and treatment needs of different populations. This study aimed to assess the oral health status and treatment needs of police personnel in Sindh Police, Pakistan.
Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 174 police personnel from the Special Security Unit (SSU) of Sindh Police in Karachi were examined clinically and evaluated using the WHO 2013 Oral Health Assessment Form. Consent was obtained from the concerned authorities.
Results: -The study showed that 43.1% (n=75) periodontal status as healthy, 35% (n=61) reported gingivitis and periodontitis and 21.8% (n=38) reported moderate to severe periodontitis. The significant difference found in the periodontal health among males (X2=71.18, P<0.001) and females (X2=9.90, P<0.009). More than 83.3% were suffering from Dental caries. The majority of the examined participants needed prompt treatment which included scaling and tooth restorations.
Conclusion: Periodontal and oral health status among the police personnel was noted to be most compromised and there is an immense need to conduct oral health awareness sessions as a mandatory part not only in their training period but should be employed in their daily routine.
On the Value of Aesthetic Education in Solfeggio Courses
Authors: Huang Qian
Published: February 2021

It is urgent to integrate the concept of aesthetic education in solfeggio courses, which are important compulsory courses for all music majors in colleges and universities. Recognizing the disciplinary characteristics of solfeggio and the origin of the concept of aesthetic education, focusing on the value of aesthetic education in solfeggio courses, and mastering the principles and methods of specific teaching practice can play an irreplaceable role in further improving the educational level of solfeggio in colleges of music and arts.
Editorial
Authors: Salgado Jimenez Ruth Elizabeth
Published: February 2021

Editorial
Vinculación con la Colectividad
Authors: De Enfermería Escuela
Published: February 2021

Vinculación con la Colectividad
Giras de Observación
Authors: De Enfermería Escuela
Published: February 2021

Giras de Observación
Docencia en la Escuela de Enfermería
Authors: De Enfermería Escuela
Published: February 2021

La Docencia en la Escuela de Enfermería
Auftreten von Asymmetrien der unteren Extremitäten bei einfachen Futsal-Athleten
Authors: Dias Junior Julio Cesar , Silva Fransérgio da , Tancler Murilo Colino
Published: February 2021

Futsal ist ein Sport auf dem Vormarsch weltweit, zieht mehr und mehr neue Praktiker und sowie im Feldfußball, hat es Veränderungen in den letzten Jahren durchgemacht, zunehmend anspruchsvolle Athleten, immer mehr zu einem Hochleistungssport, Förderung der Überlastung, kurz-, mittel- und langfristig, prädisponiert Verletzungen in verschiedenen Graden des Bewegungsapparates. Das Ziel dieser Studie war es, Asymmetrien der unteren Gliedmaßen bei Futsal-basierten Athleten zu analysieren, sowie ihre Beziehung zur Inzidenz von Verletzungen. Die Studie wurde mit 47 Athleten der Grundkategorie Futsal aus einer Stadt im Landesinneren von São Paulo entwickelt, wo funktionelle Tests mit Hilfe der PHAST-Anwendung durchgeführt wurden. Ein Muster der Ähnlichkeit wurde zwischen den getesteten Muskelgruppen identifiziert, mit Ausnahme des Gluteusmuskels, was einen signifikanten Unterschied darstellt. Nach den gefundenen Indikatoren können die Muster des Kraftdefizits der mittleren Gesäße einige Arten von biomechanischen Läsionen auslösen oder prädisponieren, ob proximal, in der Hüftregion oder distal, als Funktionsstörungen im Kniegelenk. Wenn ein Athlet mit einer Schwäche dieses Muskels präsentiert, ipsilaterale Oberschenkelknochen-Adduktion, erhöhte mediale Rotation und Fall des Beckens gegen seitlich, Förderung erhöhter dynamischer Winkel des Knies, Erhöhung der Überlastung in diesem Gelenk. Daher wird der Schluss gezogen, dass die Bewertung vor der Saison wichtig ist, um mögliche Asymmetrien zu identifizieren und präventive Maßnahmen zu ihrer Korrektur durchzuführen, um das Verletzungsrisiko zu minimieren.
Возникновение асимметрии нижних конечностей у спортсменов-основателей футзала
Authors: Dias Junior Julio Cesar , Silva Fransérgio da , Tancler Murilo Colino
Published: February 2021

Футзал является спортом на подъеме во всем мире, привлекая все больше и больше новых практиков, а также в полевом футболе, он претерпел изменения в последние годы, все более требовательных спортсменов, становится высоким воздействием спорта, содействие перегрузки, в краткосрочной, среднесрочной и долгосрочной перспективе, предрасполагая к травме различной степени локомотивного аппарата. Целью данного исследования было проанализировать асимметрию нижних конечностей у спортсменов на основе футзала, а также их связь с частотой травм. Исследование было разработано с 47 спортсменов основной категории, футзал, из города в интерьере штата São Paulo, где функциональные тесты были проведены с помощью приложения PHAST. Схема сходства была выявлена между группами мышц испытания, за исключением ягодичной мышцы, что представляет собой значительную разницу. Согласно найденным показателям, модели дефицита прочности средних ягодиц могут вызвать или предрасполагать к некоторым типам биомеханических поражений, будь то проксимальные, в области тазобедренного сустава, или дистальные, как дисфункции коленного сустава. Когда спортсмен представляет со слабостью этой мышцы, ипсилатеральной бедренной добавки, увеличение медиальной вращения и падения таза против боковой, содействие увеличению динамического угла колена, увеличивая перегрузку в этом суставе. Таким образом, сделан вывод о том, что предсезонная оценка важна для выявления возможных асимметрий, проведения профилактической работы по их устранению, с целью минимизации риска травматизма.
Portadores do vírus da imunodeficiência humana não progressores a longo prazo
Authors: Castro Géssyka Soares , Carvajal Deborah Lopes Mota , Silva Evandro Messias Neves da , França Frederico Valadares Lanza , Guimaraes Rafael Lopes Nogueira , França Patsy Luciana Valadares Lanza
Published: February 2021

Objetivo: Buscar na literatura atual os principais conceitos e mecanismos de controle dos portadores do vírus da imunodeficiência adquirida (HIV) não progressores a longo prazo para a fase da síndrome da imunodeficiência adquirida (AIDS). Métodos: Refere-se a uma revisão descritiva e integrativa de estudos nacionais e internacionais, obtidos por meio de um levantamento bibliográfico a partir de artigos científicos relacionados ao tema, sendo coletados na PubMed, Ministério da Saúde, Biblioteca Virtual de Saúde e em sua base de dados; foram excluídos aqueles trabalhos que não se referenciavam ao título, bem como trabalhos publicados a mais de 10 anos, assim, a revisão é composta por dezenove artigos. Conclusão: Os portadores de HIV não progressores a longo prazo representam um grupo de grande heterogeneidade quanto à apresentação clínica e o desenvolvimento da doença, visto que, mesmo sem o tratamento antirretroviral não progridem para a fase AIDS. Inúmeros estudos são realizados com intuito de traçar um perfil para este grupo, porém, ainda não foi possível um delineamento, pois tais pacientes controlam a progressão da doença por diferentes mecanismos. Sendo assim, é preciso ampliar o conhecimento e a discussão dos mecanismos de imunidade que estes pacientes apresentam, pois podem representar para a ciência a chave para a melhoria e controle da doença, objetivando alcançar a cura.
Strategi Bisnis Rumah Sakit Dalam Perspektif Universal Health Coverage (Studi Empiris Berbasis Bukti Pada Rumah Sakit Tipe B)
Authors: Prabowo Raynaldy Budhy , Sunariman Indupurnahayu , Aminda Renea Shinta
Published: February 2021

Since Early 2010, The Universal Health Coverage/UHC has brought some Impact not only in developed country, but also a developing one as well, including Indonesia with its UHC System (Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional – BPJS Kesehatan).

Hospital Business Process as an ever-changing and dynamic business, also caught in tides of change, especially in transgression of Patient Payment Method. Moreover, the effectiveness of the health services and it financial result could also affected as there are many variables that could affect it business process and hospital aim towards sustainability.

This research highlighted are to find is changes that been brought by Universal Coverage System towards Hospital business process and formulating an exact business strategy according to the condition.The financial reports and patient epidemiology Data are taken from a Private Owning but a Referral Hospital as well (type B) in Bogor.

After analyzing the data from both Walk in patient and Admission patient, which consist of INA-CBGs rate and tariff, Revenue, Loss, and Efficiency. it is showed that there are sifting increasing percentage in patient population especially Admission Patient but it doesn’t followed by achieved efficiency and leading towards loss. By contrast, the walk in UHC patient does have financial effectiveness but not dominating at all in patient population.

As the result, the increase in high population covered by UHC doesn’t always equally afflict the walk in and admission patient. It will lead towards different strategy according to its effectiveness as well.It is Important for hospitals to make a business plan according it market population
Business Prospects for Hydroponic Vegetables in the Midst of The COVID-19 Pandemic : A Case Study on “Indah Berbagi Foundation”
Authors: Nurhayati Immas , Kartika Rinda Rachmatullaily Tina
Published: February 2021

The Covid-19 outbreak has occurred and has had a substantial impact on many aspects of public life that are not only a health problem, but also affect the world economy and the environment in various ways. It seems that no country can avoid it and is not affected by its existence, and Indonesia is no exception. The main objective of this study is to determine the economic resilience of the community in dealing with Covid 19 pandemic espesially in hydroponic vegetable business. Data were collected through in-depth interviews with hydroponic activists, documentation and observation conducted during September 2020. The collected data were analyzed through data triangulation. The results show that hydroponic vegetable business developed by Indah Berbagi Foundation has implemented the floating hydroponic method or also known as the Floating Raft method and the Nutrient Film Technique (NFT) system. Hydroponic vegetable business was profitable and the technology used compatible with characteristics of areas that have limited land. During the pandemic, the public demand for hydroponic vegetables increased quite high along with the increasing awareness of the public to consume healthy vegetables to maintain endurance, therefore in addition to providing good nutrition for body resistance during a pandemic. Using payback period method, it’s known that the hydroponic vegetable business can provide benefits and fast return on investment so that it is very useful in supporting the economic resilience of the community
Utjecaj uvjeta skladištenja na klijavost sjemena povrtnih vrsta
Authors: Horvat Dijana , Tomić-Obrtalj Helena , Palfi Marina , Koprivnjak Ivana , Rojnica Iva
Published: February 2021

Sjeme povrtnih vrsta namijenjeno vrtlarima hobistima uglavnom je iz uvoza, kategorije standard i pakirano u sitnim pakiranjima. Uvoznici koji prepakiravaju sjeme obavezni su nakon pakiranja ispitati klijavost. Neprodane količine sjemena povlače se s tržišta na kraju sezone i plasiraju u iduće dvije do tri sezone bez kontrole klijavosti te se događa da sjeme u prodaji ima lošu klijavost ili uopće nije klijavo. Cilj istraživanja bio je ispitati klijavost sjemena 24 povrtne vrste na uzorcima partija sjemena skladištenih u klimatiziranom skladištu i na uzorcima istih partija koje je na tržištu dvije vegetacijske sezone te usporediti s ispitanom klijavosti nakon uvoza. Istraživanjem je utvrđeno da klijavost sjemena celera listaša (Apium graveolens var. secalinum L.), celera korjenaša (Apium graveolens L.), peršina listaša (Petroselium crispum ssp. crispum L.), poriluka (Allium porrum L.), boba (Vicia faba L.), paprike (Capsicum annuum L.) i špinata (Spinacia oleracea L.)pada neovisno o uvjetima skladištenja, dok uvjeti skladištenja značajno utječu na klijavost kupusa (Brassica oleracea L.), brokule (Brassica oleracea L. var. italica), salate (Lactuca sativa L.) i cikle (Beta vulgaris L. var. conditiva). Od ukupno 24 partije sjemena povrtnih vrsta uzorkovanih u skladištu dorađivača (uvoznika) njih 46% nakon 20 mjeseci ne zadovoljava propisanu minimalnu klijavost, dok od istih partija sjemena uzorkovanih u skladištu laboratorija (kontrolirani uvjeti) ne zadovoljava njih 29%. Skladištenjem sjemena na temperaturi 15° C na tamnom i suhom mjestu te kontrolom klijavosti nakon svake vegetacijske sezone može se značajno utjecati na kvalitetu sjemena povrtnih vrsta na tržištu.
UVELJAVLJANJE ZASEBNIH VOJAŠKIH DRUŽB SKOZI PRIZMO GLOBALIZIRANE VARNOSTI
Authors: GARB GREGOR
Published: February 2021

Zagotavljanje varnosti je v sodobnem svetu preraslo v proces institucionalizacije mednarodne varnosti, pri čemer se največji vpliv globalizacijskih procesov na področju varnosti kaže v spreminjajočih se pogojih zagotavljanja državnega monopola pri legitimni uporabi sile. Ti spremenjeni pogoji se nanašajo predvsem na zmanjševanje sposobnosti trenutnih političnih procesov za učinkovito reševanje političnih izzivov, kar pomembno vpliva na legitimnost politične oblasti. Drugi vidik pa je porast mednarodnih institucij in organizacij, na katere država prenaša del svojih pristojnosti in nalog, iz česar sledi zmanjšanje zmožnosti države, da ohranja in uveljavlja svoje legitimne pristojnosti nad uporabo sile. Da so vplivi procesov globalizacije in spreminjajočih se družbenih razmerij zelo prepleteni in ne poznajo meja, dokazuje tudi pojav zasebnih vojaških družb, ki se vse bolj uveljavljajo v različnih dimenzijah zagotavljanja globalizirane varnosti. Mednarodna pravnonormativna umestitev njihovega delovanja je temeljno vodilo članka.

The provision of security in the modern world has grown into a process of institutionalization of international security, with the largest impact of security globalization processes reflecting in the varying conditions of the provision of state monopoly in the legitimate use of force. These changed conditions relating in particular to the reduction of the ability of current political processes to effectively address the political challenges which significantly affect the legitimacy of political power. Another aspect is the increase of international institutions and organizations to which the state transfers a part of its powers and functions, which results in a reduction of the state's ability to maintain and assert its legitimate authority over the use of force. The impacts of globalization processes and changing societal relationships are very intertwined and know no borders, which is proven by the emergence of private military companies gaining ground in various dimensions of providing globalized security. The International judiciary and regulatory placement of their operation is thus the basic tenet of the article.
UPORABNOST PROGRAMSKEGA ORODJA TOPOBASE PRI UPRAVLJANJU NEPREMIČNIN V OBRAMBNEM RESORJU
Authors: SKVARČA ANDREJ
Published: February 2021

Prispevek opisuje uvedbo sistema Topobase za podporo upravljanja objektov in infrastrukture na Letališču Cerklje ob Krki, ki bo uporaben tudi za vso drugo infrastrukturo in objekte v upravljanju Ministrstva za obrambo. Opisani so sistem Topobase kot integriran geografski informacijski sistem in poslovni informacijski sistem, podlaga oziroma potreba za uvedbo, namen in cilji sistema, definiranje zahtev, glavnih značilnosti in izbor sistema, pilotni projekt, vnos geoprostorskih in atributnih podatkov, nadgradnja osnovnega sistema z dodatnimi moduli, reševanje težav pri izvedbi ter dosedanji rezultati pri praktični uporabi. Predstavljena je učinkovita uporaba geoprostorskih podatkov na primeru uvajanja sistema Topobase na območju vojašnice in Letališča Cerklje ob Krki. Opisano je povezovanje s sedanjimi poslovnimi sistemi na MO. Opisan je vzrok, zakaj v poslovnih informacijskih sistemih za področje vzdrževanja infrastrukture potrebujemo georeferencirane podatke in moramo tem sistemom dodajati zunanji GIS-sistem.

The paper describes the introduction of a Topobase system to support the management of buildings and infrastructure at the Cerklje ob Krki Airport, which will also be useful for all other infrastructure and facilities managed by the Ministry of Defence. It describes the Topobase system as an integrated Geographic Information System and business information system; the basis or the need for its introduction; the purpose and objectives of the system; the definition of requirements, main characteristics and selection of the system; a pilot project; the introduction of geospatial and attribute data; an upgrade of the basic system with additional modules; troubleshooting in its implementation, and results so far in practical use. An effective use of geospatial data is presented in the case of the introduction of the Topobase system in the area of the barracks and the Cerklje ob Krki Airport. In addition, the article describes the integration with the existing business systems to the Ministry of Defence as well as the reason why in business information systems for infrastructure maintenance there is a need for geo-referenced data and why these systems must be complemented with an external GIS system.