bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sharing
Authors: Frigerio Aldo , Tenchini Maria Paola
Published: April 2023

This paper addresses the status of the act of sharing a message in a social network. Scholars do not agree on what kind of act sharing is and what kind of communicative and illocutionary act is performed when a post is shared. We defend the view that sharing is an act similar to photocopying and distributing a document. Such an act is a basic act that can be used for communicative aims in certain contexts but that is not necessarily communicative. One can repost for several reasons—to manifest agreement or derision, to inform, to please the author, to show activity on social networks, to have an economic return—and only some of them are communicative. However, even when reposters do not perform a communicative act, they are not relieved of every responsibility; in fact, the responsibilities of reposters are like those of the persons who copy and distribute something.
Endoscopic‐guided diagnosis of and interventional stent placement for nasolacrimal duct obstruction in a horse
Authors: Smith Levi H. , Adams Larry , Derré Maxime , Townsend Wendy M.
Published: April 2023

Objective

To describe the successful use of endoscopy to visualize and place a soft canine ureteral stent to relieve a chronic nasolacrimal duct (NLD) obstruction in a horse.

Animal Studied

A 7‐year‐old, Quarter horse gelding.

Procedure

Under general anesthesia, retrograde nasolacrimal endoscopy was performed using an 8.5 Fr Storz Flex XC ureteroscope through the nasal punctum (NP). An obstructive web of fibrous tissue was visualized approximately 20 cm proximal to the NP. A 0.035″/150 cm hydrophilic guidewire was passed normograde from the ventral lacrimal punctum and used to puncture the stenotic tissue. Then, a 5.0Fr/70 cm open‐end ureteral catheter was threaded normograde over the guidewire and NLD patency was re‐established. The catheter confirmed a NLD length of 30 cm and was then removed. A 5.0Fr/22–32 cm Universa© Soft Ureteral Stent was threaded normograde over the guidewire until the loops of the stent were exposed at each end. The guidewire was removed and the stent loops were sutured in place.

Results

The stent was withdrawn 1 month after the procedure. Telephone follow‐up with the client reported significant improvement in the amount of ocular discharge and decreased sensitivity around the face and ears.

Conclusion

Endoscopy is a safe and effective procedure allowing for definitive diagnosis of NLD obstruction and to assist in interventional procedures. Placement of a canine indwelling ureteral stent seems to be an effective alternative treatment option for equine NLD obstruction compared to conventional invasive surgical procedures.
The 100 most‐cited articles published in the Veterinary Ophthalmology journal between 1998 and 2022: A bibliometric study
Authors: Arad Dikla , Pe'er Oren , Ofri Ron
Published: April 2023

Purpose

The aim of this study was to bibliometrically analyze the 100 most‐cited articles published in the Veterinary Ophthalmology (VO) journal.

Methods

Web of Science was searched for citations of VO articles published in 1998–2022. Tissue and species studied, and first and last author domicile and affiliation were recorded for the 100 most‐cited articles and descriptively analyzed.

Results

Altogether, the 100 most‐cited VO articles have cited a total of 5483 times. Most commonly, these were devoted to the cornea (23%), multiple tissues (19%), and glaucoma (16%). Studies on dogs (36%), horses (17%), and multiple species (15%) were most often cited. Most first/last authors were from the USA (n = 113), Brazil (n = 13), and France and Germany (n = 7 each), and most frequently affiliated with the University of Florida (n = 36), University of Wisconsin‐Madison (n = 15), and Animal Health Trust, North Carolina State University, and Ohio State University (n = 6 each). KN Gelatt (n = 9), DE Brooks (n = 6), and FJ Ollivier and EO MacKay (n = 5 each) were the most frequent first or last authors. The greatest number of citations was for articles with KN Gelatt (n = 555), FJ Ollivier (n = 411), and DE Brooks (n = 372) as first or last authors. “The comparative morphology of the tapetum lucidum” by FJ Ollivier et al. (2002) is the most frequently cited article in VO history (n = 178).

Conclusions

This study provides insight into the impact of publishing in VO and a more comprehensive understanding of trends and the most influential contributions to VO.
Barosensory vessel mechanics and the vascular sympathetic baroreflex: Impact on blood pressure homeostasis
Authors: Hughes Guto W. , Moore Jonathan P. , Lord Rachel N.
Published: April 2023

An age‐associated increase in arterial blood pressure is evident for apparently healthy humans. This is frequently attributed to stiffening of the central arteries and a concurrent increase in sympathetic outflow, potentially mediated by a reduced ability of the baroreceptive vessels to distend. This is supported, in part, by a reduced mechanical component of the vascular sympathetic baroreflex (i.e., a reduction in distension for a given pressure). Previous characterization of the mechanical component has assessed only carotid artery distension; however, evidence suggests that both the aortic and carotid baroreflexes are integral to blood pressure regulation. In addition, given that baroreceptors are located in the vessel wall, the change in wall tension, comprising diameter, pressure and vessel wall thickness, and the mechanics of this change might provide a better index of the baroreceptor stimulus than the previous method used to characterize the mechanical component that relies on diameter alone. This brief review summarizes the data using this new method of assessing barosensory vessel mechanics and their influence on the vascular sympathetic baroreflex across the lifespan.
Adapting to a new environment: postnatal maturation of the human cardiomyocyte
Authors: Salameh Shatha , Ogueri Vanessa , Posnack Nikki Gillum
Published: April 2023

The postnatal mammalian heart undergoes remarkable developmental changes, which are stimulated by the transition from the intrauterine to extrauterine environment. With birth, increased oxygen levels promote metabolic, structural and biophysical maturation of cardiomyocytes, resulting in mature muscle with increased efficiency, contractility and electrical conduction. In this Topical Review article, we highlight key studies that inform our current understanding of human cardiomyocyte maturation. Collectively, these studies suggest that human atrial and ventricular myocytes evolve quickly within the first year but might not reach a fully mature adult phenotype until nearly the first decade of life. However, it is important to note that fetal, neonatal and paediatric cardiac physiology studies are hindered by a number of limitations, including the scarcity of human tissue, small sample size and a heavy reliance on diseased tissue samples, often without age‐matched healthy controls. Future developmental studies are warranted to expand our understanding of normal cardiac physiology/pathophysiology and inform age‐appropriate treatment strategies for cardiac disease.

image
Materials Informatics Tools in the Context of Bio-Inspired Material Mechanics
Authors: Luu Rachel K. , Buehler Markus J.
Published: April 2023

The analysis and design of materials is often a slow process that may take weeks, months, or years, and many current material platforms rely on expensive raw material sources that fail to achieve sustainability goals. Meanwhile, bio-inspired Materials Informatics—fueled by emerging techniques such as multiscale modeling, machine learning, and autonomous experimentation—is transforming the way materials are understood, discovered, developed, and selected. The impact of these tools is particularly noteworthy since they can be used to develop materials with fewer resources and with greater societal impact. A field that would strongly benefit from the use of Materials Informatics tools is that of structural biological materials, where mechanical properties are crucial for biological and engineering properties for species survival such as fracture-resistant armor against predators, elastic recovery for repeated loadings, or mechanical actuation capacity. Generations of researchers have studied biological materials for their fascinating structure–property relationships that make up their impressive properties, including mechanical resilience. Despite the accumulation of scientific knowledge, relatively little has been translated to generating engineered bio-inspired materials. Addressing this gap, emerging Materials Informatics tools can now be used to make use of legacy data, newly collected empirical observations, and predictive models to make significant advances in this field.
Numerical Research on the Heat-Transfer Enhancement of Printed Circuit Heat Exchanger in the Presence of Pulsating Flow
Authors: Lu Peng , Wei Jian , Yan Xiaodie , Yang Qinshan
Published: April 2023

This paper presents a numerical investigation on the flow and heat-transfer characteristics of liquid lithium and helium in printed circuit heat exchanger (PCHE) channels with pulsating flow introduced. The effects of the mass flowrate of helium, frequency, and amplitude of pulsating flow were examined, respectively. The findings indicate that the introduced pulsating flow has a positive effect on heat transfer at a lower Reynolds number. With the increase of pulsating frequency, the heat-transfer enhancement may decline, and the pressure drop is reduced, with Colburn factor (j) and Fanning friction factor (f) varying marginally. In the flow state with enhanced heat transfer, keeping a lower pulsating frequency, the heat-transfer enhancement ratio E(h) exhibits an approximately linear increase with the pulsating amplitude. Meanwhile, the average pressure drop, Colburn factor (j) and Fanning friction factor (f) also increase with the amplitude, with the fluctuation amplitude of each parameter directly proportional to the amplitude.
A Compressible, Coupled Three-Dimensional/One-Dimensional Flow Solution Method for the Seamless Simulation of Centrifugal Pumps and Their Piping
Authors: Munsch Pascal , Lehr Christian , Brümmer Andreas , Skoda Romuald
Published: April 2023

A compressible finite volume Navier–Stokes flow solver is coupled to a method of characteristics for the seamless turbulent flow simulation of entire pump systems. For the pump, three-dimensional (3D) simulations including cavitating flow conditions are performed, and the piping is treated one-dimensional (1D) by a method of characteristics. Thus, classical boundary conditions at the suction and pressure pipe of the 3D computational domain of the pump are substituted by a two-way coupled 1D piping simulation method. Particular emphasis has been placed on the non-reflecting properties of the 3D–1D coupling interface. For validation, in-house experiments are performed on a low specific speed centrifugal pump in a closed-loop facility. For cavitating flow conditions, excitation on the pump's pressure side by rotor–stator interaction is enhanced over a broad frequency spectrum due to collapsing voids. The suction side piping is shielded by void regions within the blading from the excitation on the pump's pressure side, leading to an acoustic decoupling of the suction side. These experimental observations are reproduced by the new seamless simulation method. In particular, the measured pressure amplitudes are well reproduced for a broad frequency spectrum, at several piping positions, and for a variation of the flow rate and the cavitation intensity. Remaining deviations to experimental data are traced back to the omission of structural compliance and uncertainties regarding the pressure side piping modeling, which will be addressed in future studies.
Evaluation of the Novel CE-IVD-Marked Multiplex PCR QIAstat-Dx Meningitis/Encephalitis Panel
Authors: Humisto Anu , Antikainen Jenni , Holma Tanja , Jarva Hanna , Toivonen Anne , Loginov Raisa , Mannonen Laura
Published: April 2023

The diagnosis of infectious meningitis and encephalitis relies mostly on specific PCR and culturing methods, but commercial syndromic panel assays are bringing a change in diagnostics. With multiplexed analysis, the identification of the pathogen is potentially faster, and less sample material is needed.
Revised onset age of magnetochron M0r: Chronostratigraphic and geologic implications
Authors: Li Youjuan , Qin Huafeng , Jicha Brian R. , Huyskens Magdalena H. , Wall Corey J. , Trayler Robin B. , Yin Qing-Zhu , Schmitz Mark , Pan Yongxin , Deng Chenglong , Singer Brad S. , He Huaiyu , Zhu Rixiang
Published: April 2023

The timing of the onset of magnetochron M0r and its duration are disputed, reflecting both a limited set of radioisotopic dates and uncertain magnetostratigraphic correlations. We present a chronostratigraphic framework for a reversed polarity interval based on two chronometers (40Ar/39Ar, U-Pb) and newly published paleomagnetic data from the Qingshan Group, Jiaolai Basin, China. Bayesian modeling of U-Pb zircon and 40Ar/39Ar sanidine dates suggests a minimum duration of 540 ± 37 k.y. (95% credible interval) for the reversed polarity interval. These findings are compatible with an astrochronologic age model for M-sequence seafloor magnetic anomalies, indicating that the reversely magnetized sediments correspond to magnetochron M0r rather than the shorter chron “M-1r.” Integration of U-Pb and 40Ar/39Ar ages constrains the onset of M0r to 120.29 ± 0.09 Ma, which is ~1 m.y. younger than that inferred in the current geologic time scale (GTS 2020). This finding also implies that the Cretaceous normal superchron (CNS) began at 119.70 ± 0.12 Ma and that the average seafloor spreading rate during the CNS was ~3.5% higher than that inferred from GTS 2020. It also suggests that oceanic anoxic event 1a began at 119.40 ± 0.12 Ma, thereby providing an updated chronologic basis for exploring the primary trigger of this carbon cycle perturbation.
Challenges in diagnosis, treatment and coordination of care of menstrual psychosis
Authors: Gilmore Aaron , Cottrell Tyler John , Chen Sharon E
Published: April 2023

We present a suspected case of menstrual psychosis in an adolescent to highlight the unique attributes of this rare condition. An early adolescent female began displaying episodes of aggression, irritability, insomnia, hallucinations and disorganisation at menarche. Subsequent episodes resulted in multiple inpatient psychiatric hospital admissions coinciding with her menstrual cycle. Management from both psychiatry and gynaecology of her episodes, and abnormal hormone levels, was challenging. This report emphasises the importance of coordination between specialties, navigating diagnostic challenges and weighing the risk versus benefit of long-term neuroleptic use.
Prevalence and risk factors of chronic respiratory symptoms in public and private school teachers in north-western Ethiopia: results from a multicentre cross-sectional study
Authors: Hailu Tesfaye Amensisa , Gebrehiwot Mulat , Aragaw Fantu Mamo , Dessie Awrajaw
Published: April 2023

Objective

This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and risk factors of chronic respiratory symptoms among school teachers in Gondar city, north-western Ethiopia.

Design

A school-based cross-sectional study was conducted from April to May 2019. A self-administered British Medical Research Council Questionnaire was used to assess chronic respiratory symptoms. Data were entered into Epi Info V.7 and Stata V.14 was used for analysis. A multivariable logistic regression analysis was conducted to identify factors associated with chronic respiratory symptoms. The association was determined using adjusted OR (AOR) with a 95% CI at a value of p<0.05.

Setting

The study was conducted in public and private schools in Gondar city.

Participants

A total of 822 teachers participated in this study.

Outcome measures

The primary outcome is the prevalence of chronic respiratory symptoms.

Results

The total response rate was 97.4%. The majority, 532 (64.7%) of the participants, were male. The mean age (±SD) of the respondents was 36.69 (±6.93) years. The total prevalence of chronic respiratory symptoms in the previous 12 months among teachers in Gondar city was found to be 31.14% (95% CI 27.99% to 34.43%). A family history of respiratory problems (AOR=1.90; 95% CI 1.07 to 3.37), an overweight body mass index (AOR=2.57; 95% CI 1.57 to 4.21), exposure to secondhand cigarette smoke at home (AOR=9.85; 95% CI 4.77 to 20.33), use of chalk (AOR=1.97; 95% CI 1.25 to 3.09), and failure to open windows during class (AOR=2.15; 95% CI 1.02 to 4.52) were risk factors for chronic respiratory symptoms.

Conclusion

This study concluded that the prevalence of chronic respiratory symptoms was high among teachers. Making a smoking-free zone, avoiding smoking in public places, improving the ventilation conditions of the classrooms and controlling the chalk dust are all necessary actions to take to reduce chronic respiratory symptoms.
Diagnostic accuracy of cryptococcal antigen test in pulmonary cryptococcosis: a protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Liang Binghui , Lin Zehui , Li Jiachun , Jiang Rongbin , Zhan Weijie , Jian Xiaoyun
Published: April 2023

Background

The cryptococcal antigen (CrAg) test was proposed as a rapid diagnostic tool to identify cryptococcal meningitis in patients suffering from AIDS. Several studies have demonstrated its diagnostic performance in cryptococcal meningitis. However, the diagnostic performance of the CrAg test in serum or bronchoalveolar lavage fluid in patients with pulmonary cryptococcosis remains uncertain. Therefore, the purpose of this systematic review is to summarise the evidence concerning diagnostic performance of the CrAg test in patients with pulmonary cryptococcosis.

Methods and analysis

Databases such as PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Web of Science, ClinicalTrials.gov, International Clinical Trials Registry Platform, Wanfang Database and China National Knowledge Infrastructure will be searched systematically. The titles and abstracts will be reviewed by two independent reviewers. The Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies 2 tool will be used to evaluate the risk of bias and clinical applicability of each study. Potential sources of heterogeneity will be investigated through visual inspection of the paired forest plots and summary receiver operating characteristic plots. The pooled summary statistics for the area under the curve, sensitivities, specificities, likelihood ratios and diagnostic ORs with 95% CI will be reported.

Ethics and dissemination

The underlying study is based on published articles thus does not require ethical approval. The findings of the systematic review and meta-analysis will be published in a peer-reviewed journal and disseminated in various scientific conferences and seminars.

PROSPERO registration number

CRD42022373321.
Hepatitis C testing among three distinct groups of gay, bisexual and other men who have sex with men: a cross-sectional study in the Celtic nations
Authors: Whiteley David , Strongylou Dimitra , Brown Sally , Vickerman Peter , Frankis Jamie Scott
Published: April 2023

Objective

The hepatitis C virus (HCV) epidemic among gay, bisexual and other men who have sex with men (GBMSM) is associated with sexual and drug-related behaviours. To stem the tide of HCV infection in GBMSM, regular testing leading to early diagnosis and treatment as prevention is vital. This study aimed to evaluate the success of current HCV testing guidelines from the perspective of GBMSM in four Celtic nations.

Methods

Subpopulation analysis of data from the 2020 cross-sectional online SMMASH3 (social media, men who have sex with men, sexual and holistic health) survey was undertaken to examine HCV testing experiences and sexual behaviours among sexually active GBMSM (n=1886) stratified across three groups: HIV-diagnosed GBMSM (n=124); HIV-negative GBMSM using pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) (n=365); and HIV-negative/untested GBMSMnotusing PrEP (n=1397).

Results

Sexual behaviours associated with HCV acquisition were reported by the majority of HIV-diagnosed (76.6%, n=95) and PrEP-using (93.2%, n=340) GBMSM. Reassuringly, recent testing for HCV in these groups was common, with 79.8% (n=99) and 80.5% (n=294) self-reporting HCV screening within the preceding year, respectively, mostly within sexual health settings. While 54.5% (n=762) of HIV-negative/untested GBMSM not using PrEP reported sexual behaviours associated with HCV, 52.0% had not been screened for HCV in the last year, despite almost half (48.0%, n=190) of unscreened men being in contact with sexual health services in the same period.

Conclusions

Sexual behaviours associated with HCV acquisition among HIV-diagnosed and PrEP-using GBMSM are common but complemented by regular HCV testing within sexual health services. Current testing guidelines for these groups appear to be effective and generally well observed. However, behaviour-based HCV testing for HIV-negative/untested GBMSMnotusing PrEP appears less effective and may undermine efforts to achieve HCV elimination. Accordingly, we need to increase HCV testing for these men in clinical settings and explore ways to screen those who are not in touch with sexual health services.
National longitudinal tobacco product discontinuation rates among US youth from the PATH Study: 2013–2019 (waves 1–5)
Authors: Kasza Karin A , Tang Zhiqun , Xiao Haijun , Marshall Daniela , Stanton Cassandra , Gross Amy , Jackson Kathy , Kelley Dannielle , Schroeder Megan , Vivar Juan , Hyland Andrew
Published: April 2023

Objective

Determine longitudinal tobacco product discontinuation rates among youth (ages 12–17 years) in the USA between 2013 and 2019.

Methods

The Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health Study, a nationally representative, longitudinal cohort study, was used to determine annual/biennial rates of tobacco product discontinuation behaviours among youth across 2013–2019: (1) discontinuing product use (transition from past 30-day use to no past 30-day use), (2) attempting to quit product use and (3) discontinuing product use among those who attempted to quit. Discontinuing use was evaluated separately for cigarettes, electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS), cigars, hookah, smokeless tobacco and any tobacco. Attempting to quit and discontinuing use among those who attempted were each evaluated for cigarettes and ENDS. Generalised estimating equations were used to evaluate linear and non-linear trends in rates across the study period.

Results

Between 2013 and 2019, biennial rates of discontinuing tobacco product use among youth increased for cigarettes from 29% to 40%, increased for smokeless tobacco from 39% to 60%, and decreased for ENDS from 53% to 27%. By 2018/2019, rates of discontinuing use among attempters were 30% for those who used ENDS and 30% for those who smoked cigarettes.

Conclusions

Findings show decreasing rates of discontinuing ENDS use among youth in the USA alongside the changing ENDS marketplace and increasing rates of discontinuing cigarette smoking and smokeless tobacco use. Findings will serve as benchmarks against which future tobacco product discontinuation rates can be compared with evaluating impacts of subsequent tobacco regulatory policies, ENDS product development and public education campaigns.
ChatGPT in Education: Partner or Pariah?
Authors: Joyner David A.
Published: April 2023

ChatGPT has taken the world by storm, with educators reeling from its implication for curricula and assessment. This article examines how ChatGPT resembles earlier technologies and predicts how we can expect it to impact education going forward.
Simultaneous Removal of Ammonia and Nitrate from Wastewater Using a Pulse Electrolysis Technique
Authors: Hariri Mohiedin Bagheri , Botte Gerardine G.
Published: April 2023

The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) considers ammonia and nitrate as large-scale threats to environmental quality and human health, causing impaired air quality, surface water eutrophication, and other serious health problems. This work examines the viability of using a pulse electrolysis technique to accomplish the simultaneous removal of ammonia and nitrate in an undivided flow cell using CuNi/PtIr supported on carbon electrocatalysts (CuNi/PtIr/C). Different series of PtIr/C and CuNi/C compositions were examined, and it was found that among all series of the synthesized catalysts, 60% Pt9Ir/C and 40% Cu9Ni/C had greater activity toward Ammonia Oxidation Reaction (AOR) and Nitrate Reduction Reaction (NRR), respectively. Throughout the pulsing potentials, the nitrogen contaminants were gradually removed with the overall reaction that generated harmless nitrogen and hydrogen gases. The average ammonia and nitrate removal rates were 5.17 ppm-ammonia and 0.074 ppm-nitrate/min, respectively. The selectivity of nitrate to ammonia was 82% with an average nitrate removal rate of 65%. The catalysts exhibited pronounced stability after 10 cycles of pulse electrolysis.
Mathematical Modelling of COVID-19 Transmission Dynamics with Vaccination: A Case Study in Ethiopia
Authors: Sharbayta Sileshi Sintayehu , Desta Henok Desalegn , Abdi Tadesse
Published: April 2023

Mathematical modelling is important for better understanding of disease dynamics and developing strategies to manage rapidly spreading infectious diseases. In this work, we consider a mathematical model of COVID-19 transmission with double-dose vaccination strategy to control the disease. For the analytical analysis purpose, we divided the model into two parts: model with vaccination and without vaccination. Analytical and numerical approach is employed to investigate the results. In the analytical study of the model, we have shown the local and global stability of disease-free equilibrium, existence of the endemic equilibrium and its local stability, positivity of the solution, invariant region of the solution, transcritical bifurcation of equilibrium, and sensitivity analysis of the model is conducted. From these analyses, for the full model (model with vaccination), we found that the disease-free equilibrium is globally asymptotically stable for

R

v

<
1

and is unstable for

R

v

>
1

. A locally stable endemic equilibrium exists for

R

v

>
1

, which shows the persistence of the disease if the reproduction parameter is greater than unity. The model is fitted to cumulative daily infected cases and vaccinated individuals data of Ethiopia from May 1, 2021 to January

31
,
2022

. The unknown parameters are estimated using the least square method with the MATLAB built-in function “lsqcurvefit.” The basic reproduction number

R

0

and controlled reproduction number

R

v

are calculated to be

R

0

=
1.17

and

R

v

=
1.15

, respectively. Finally, we performed different simulations using MATLAB. From the simulation results, we found that it is important to reduce the transmission rate and infectivity factor of asymptomatic cases and increase the vaccination coverage and quarantine rate to control the disease transmission.
First Record of Catfish Amblyceps waikhomi (Darshan, Kachari, Dutta, Ganguly, and Das 2016) (Siluriformes: Amblycipitidae) for Nepal from the Singhiya River of Morang District, Eastern Nepal
Authors: Limbu Jash Hang , Rajbanshi Dipak , Subba Bharat Raj , Subba Asmit , Yang Jin-Quan , Li Chenhong
Published: April 2023

In 2016, Amblyceps waikhomi from the Brahmaputra drainage of Arunachal Pradesh, India, was described. Based on morphometric and meristic characteristics, we report the first-ever sighting of A. waikhomi from the Singhiya River in Morang district. A deeper body depth at the anus sets the A. waikhomi apart from its congeners. The river systems of Nepal are home to two Amblycipitidae species, including this one.
Adaptation of the Safety Climate Survey: A Contribution to Improving Patient Safety
Authors: Dirik Hasan Fehmi , Seren Intepeler Seyda , Hewison Alistair
Published: April 2023

Aims. The aim of this study was to adapt the Safety Climate Survey and examine its validity and reliability for use in the Turkish healthcare context. Background. Maintaining patient safety is a challenge for healthcare systems world-wide, and healthcare professionals need valid and reliable tools to measure improvements in safety. Methods. The Safety Climate Survey is unidimensional and contains 19 items, which are all five-point Likert-type scales as follows: 1 (totally disagree), 2 (disagree), 3 (neither agree nor disagree), 4 (agree), and 5 (totally agree). Language adaptation of the Safety Climate Survey conducted in accordance with the International Society for Pharma economics and Outcome Research (ISPOR) and expert assessments to calculate the content validity indices was undertaken in the first phase of the study. In phase two, a survey of 434 nurses employed in three hospitals in İzmir (Turkey) was conducted to test the construct validity with confirmatory factor analysis and internal consistency with Cronbach’s alpha, split-half reliability, and item-total correlation. The intraclass correlation coefficient was also checked via test-retest reliability for stability. Results. The content validity index score was 0.97 for the scale and above 0.90 for the items, confirming excellent validity. The confirmatory factor analysis showed an adequate fit, and all the factor loadings were positive and greater than 0.30. Cronbach’s alpha was 0.90, and Spearman̶–Brown coefficient 0.83, indicating good internal consistency. The item-total correlation coefficients were between 0.33 and 0.70, exceeding the acceptable level. The intraclass correlation coefficient value obtained was 0.84, reflecting a good level for time stability. Conclusion. The Turkish version of the Safety Climate Survey is a valid, reliable, and practical tool which can provide essential data on safety issues for healthcare professionals and administrators. Implications for Nursing Management. The instrument can be used in hospital settings to measure the safety climate among nurses, and the results obtained can be used to inform the development of safety improvement strategies.
School-Based Diabetes Care: A National Survey of U.S. Pediatric Diabetes Providers
Authors: March Christine A. , Siminerio Linda M. , Kazmerski Traci M. , Albanese-O’Neill Anastasia , Miller Elizabeth , Libman Ingrid
Published: April 2023

Objectives. To understand the practices, attitudes, and beliefs of type 1 diabetes (T1D) providers towards school-based diabetes care (SBDC), including counseling families and communicating with schools, and explore the barriers and facilitators which affect their support of SBDC. Research Design and Methods. We conducted a national survey of pediatric T1D providers about their perceived support of SBDC, including family counseling and school communication. We used descriptive statistics to analyze results and explored differences by practice size (<500, 500–999, and ≥1000 patients) and environment (academic vs nonacademic). Results. A total of 149 providers completed the survey. Nearly, all (95%) indicated SBDC was very important. Though most (63%) reported counseling families about SBDC multiple times per year, few (19%) spoke with school staff routinely, reporting that was a shared responsibility among different providers. Close to 90% agreed school feedback on T1D management plans would be helpful, yet only 31% routinely requested this input. Moderate to extremely significant barriers to SBDC communication included internal factors, such as staff resources (67%) and time (82%), and external factors, such as school nurse education needs (62%) and differing school district policies (70%). Individuals from large or academic practices reported more barriers in their knowledge of SBDC, including federal/state laws. Desired facilitators for SBDC included a designated school liaison (84%), electronic transmission for school forms (90%), and accessible school staff education (95%). Conclusions. Though providers universally agree that SBDC is important, there are multilevel internal (practice) and external (policy) barriers to facilitating a bidirectional relationship between schools and health teams.
Necroptosis-Related Modification Patterns Depict the Tumor Microenvironment, Redox Stress Landscape, and Prognosis of Ovarian Cancer
Authors: Geng Rui , Zhong Zihang , Ni Senmiao , Liu Wen , He Zhiqiang , Gan Shilin , Huang Qinghao , Yu Hao , Bai Jianling , Liu Jinhui
Published: April 2023

Necroptosis is one of programmed cell death discovered recently, which involves in tumorigenesis, cancer metastasis, and immune reaction. We studied the necroptosis-related genes (NRGs) in ovarian cancer (OV) tissues using data from public databases, which separated into two NRGclusters. Patients in cluster A would have severe clinical characteristics, poor prognosis, and worse tumor microenvironment infiltration characteristics. The NRG score was achieved through the Cox analysis, along with a construction of a prognostic model. People with lower risk score would have better prognosis, lower expression of redox related genes, higher immunogenicity, and better effect on immunotherapy. In addition, the NRG score was closely related to cancer stem cell index, copy number variations, tumor mutation load, and chemosensitivity. We built a nomogram to enhance clinical application of the signature. These outcomes can help use know the function of NRGs in OV and provide new ideas for evaluating clinical outcome and developing more effective treatment protocols.
A Tribo‐Dynamic Model of a Helical Gear Pair Based on the Finite Line Contact Theory
Authors: Liu Mingyong , Ouyang Zhouhuan , Yan Chunai , Zhang Jinxi , Han Xinguang , Xiang Xue
Published: April 2023

In this article, a finite line contact tribo‐dynamics model of helical gears is established by coupling the tooth surface friction, friction moment, and vibration velocity. To obtain convergent results, a cycle iteration strategy is adopted to solve the two submodels, the dynamic model and the thermal elastohydrodynamic lubrication model. The parameters obtained from the dynamic model such as the dynamic load, dynamic transmission error, and instantaneous speed of the teeth surfaces are used as the boundary conditions for solving the lubrication model. Meanwhile, the friction force and friction moment obtained by the lubrication model are used as parametric excitations of the dynamic model. Based on the proposed model, the influence of dynamic effect, thermal effect, rotational speed, and tooth surface roughness on the tribological and dynamic properties of helical gears are discussed. The results show that the tribological and dynamic parameters deviate significantly from the quasistatic values, especially at the characteristic speed. The vibration along the off‐line‐of‐action direction is obviously affected by the friction excitation. As the rotational speed increases, the friction coefficient and friction force decrease as well as the vibration of the gear pair along the off‐line‐of‐action direction weakens. In addition, the surface roughness has the greatest influence on the vibration of the off‐line‐of‐action direction in all directions of gear vibrations.
Settlement Prediction Method of Extra-Large Diameter Tunnels in Soft Rock Strata
Authors: Zhou Jianguang , Qiu Decai , Sun Shangqu , Zhou Heng , Chen Diyang , Chen Hao , Hu Huijiang , Hu Huanchun
Published: April 2023

This research was undertaken to predict the result of vault settlement during the excavation of super-large-span tunnels in soft rock strata, which are prone to deformation and hard to predict aftermaths. Numerical simulation was applied to tackle with vault problems during excavation of super-large-span soft rock tunnels such as proneness to deformation and hard prediction on vault settlement. As a result, a model for continuous prediction of vault settlement as the tunnel face keeps advancing was proposed, with influencing factors such as excavation span and tunnel depth taken into consideration, and put forward the optimization of super-large-span variable-section tunnels construction scheme. The results show that the vault settlement becomes fast at the beginning of the excavation because its surrounding rocks are characterized by weakness, incompleteness, and poor stability. At the initial stage of excavation, the varying tunnel depth had a greater impact on vault settlement, indicating that the primary support has to be enhanced at the beginning of the excavation of a vault with weak surrounding rocks. As the excavation of pilot tunnels proceeds, the high-stress zone transfers to the deep part of the surrounding rocks. The tunnel vault settlement model is capable of rapidly predicting the vault settlement at locations other than the observation points. The final settlement amount is affected by the excavation span, the tunnel depth, and the basic mechanical parameters of surrounding rocks. The key to the construction of a super-large-span and variable cross-section tunnel lies in the cross-section varying parts where the stress is concentrated, thus requiring reinforcement and frequent monitoring. The research methods and analysis may provide basic data and technical means for the control of the vault settlement of large-span tunnels in soft rock strata.
Analysis of Daily Visual Habits in a Presbyopic Population
Authors: Ribeiro Filomena , Ferreira Tiago B. , Silva Diana , Matos Ana Cláudia , Gaspar Sylvia , Piñero David P.
Published: April 2023

Purpose. To evaluate and report the visual habits and requirements of a sample of presbyopic patients using an advanced sensor. Methods. Transversal study collecting clinical data from 40 presbyopes candidates for presbyopia‐correction intraocular lens (IOL) implantation with mean age of 61.0 years (43–80 years). A complete ophthalmological examination was performed in all patients including visual, refractive, an ocular biometric analysis. Furthermore, patients were instructed about the use of the Vivior Monitor system (Vivior AG, Zürich, Switzerland), which consists of a series of sensors attached to the rim of the patient’s glasses that capture information about the visual behavior of the patient. This device was worn for a period of 36 hours or more. The data collected were transferred to a database and analyzed. Results. Mean percentages of time dedicated to distance, intermediate, and near vision were 27.25 ± 11.93% (5–65%), 30.23 ± 9.36% (12–50%), and 42.53 ± 14.96% (13–78%), respectively. Mean percentages of time performing activities under photopic, mesopic, and scotopic conditions were 37.08 ± 23.20% (5–87%), 33.65 ± 13.84% (6–67%), and 29.28 ± 17.03% (4–65%). The percentage of time with digital screens ranged from 2% to 48%. Age was significantly correlated with the percentage of time dedicated to distance vision (r = 0.317, p = 0.047) and to activities performed under photopic conditions (r = −0.344, p = 0.030). Conclusions. Distance and illumination conditions used to perform different daily life visual activities vary significantly among presbyopes, with a trend to the dedication of more time to intermediate and near visual activities performed under photopic and mesopic conditions. Data interpretation should be done with care until a proper validation of the device used.
Prognosis and Novel Drug Targets for Key lncRNAs of Epigenetic Modification in Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Zhang Peng , Zhang Tingting , Chen Denggang , Gong Li , Sun Min
Published: April 2023

Background. Colorectal cancer (CRC) has been the 3rd most commonly malignant tumor of the gastrointestinal tract in the world. 5-Methylcytosine (m5C) and long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have an essential role in predicting the prognosis and immune response for CRC patients. Therefore, we built a m5C-related lncRNA (m5CRlncRNA) model to investigate the prognosis and treatment methods for CRC patients. Methods. Firstly, we secured the transcriptome and clinical data for CRC from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). Then, m5CRlncRNAs were recognized by coexpression analysis. Then, univariate Cox, least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO), and multivariate Cox regression analyses were utilized to build m5C-related prognostic characteristics. Besides, Kaplan-Meier analysis, ROC, PCA,

C

-index, enrichment analysis, and nomogram were performed to investigate the model. Additionally, immunotherapy responses and antitumor medicines were explored for CRC patients. Results. A total of 8 m5C-related lncRNAs (AC093157.1, LINC00513, AC025171.4, AC090948.2, ZEB1-AS1, AC109449.1, AC009041.3, and LINC02516) were adopted to construct a risk model to investigate survival and prognosis for CRC patients. CRC samples were separated into low- and high-risk groups, with the latter having a worse prognosis. The m5C-related lncRNA model helps us to better distinguish immunotherapy responses and IC50 of antitumor medicines in different groups of CRC patients. Conclusion. The research may give new perspectives on tailored therapy approaches as well as novel theories for forecasting the prognosis of CRC patients.
Optimization of Disk Magnetic Coupler Based on Orthogonal Test and Multiobjective Genetic Algorithm
Authors: Gong Jianlong , Jiang Meixia
Published: April 2023

In order to solve the optimization problem of the disk magnetic coupler, the two optimization schemes, the orthogonal test and multiobjective genetic algorithm, were used to optimize the disk magnetic coupler to maximize the magnetic torque while reducing the eddy current loss, and then the correctness of the optimization results was verified by electromagnetic simulation experiments. The eddy current loss and magnetic torque of the optimized disk magnetic coupler were normalized by using the comprehensive evaluation function. After orthogonal test and multiobjective genetic algorithm optimization, the comprehensive evaluation value of the disk magnetic coupler increased by 2.43 times and 3.30 times, respectively, and the optimization effect of multiobjective genetic algorithm is more significant. The relative errors between theoretical and simulated values of the maximum magnetic torque and eddy current loss by multiobjective genetic algorithm are 2.22%–4.72% and 1.13%–6.41%, respectively, suggesting that the optimization method is feasible. The research results show that the multiobjective genetic algorithm optimization can significantly improve the performance of magnetic disk coupler, which can provide theoretical and technical basis for the design of disk magnetic coupler.
Willingness to Pay for Conditional Automated Driving among Segments of Potential Buyers in Europe
Authors: Skjeret Frode , Bjorvatn Afsaneh , Innamaa Satu , Lehtonen Esko , Malin Fanny , Nordhoff Sina , Louw Tyron
Published: April 2023

This study aims to investigate the willingness to pay for conditionally automated cars (CACs) among 8,084 respondents in seven European countries by segmenting potential buyers of CACs. Future deployment of CACs depends on a sufficient willingness to pay among a sufficient large part of the population. Latent profile analysis was employed to identify the variables with the highest loadings on the latent factor “willingness to pay,” based on latent constructs from the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT2) model. In addition, we analyzed which factors were associated with willingness to pay for different automated systems in CACs, i.e., for driving on urban roads, motorways, congested motorways, and parking areas. We find that a large share of respondents indicates a generally high willingness to pay for CACs, but classes with a high share of conservatives and young respondents have the lowest willingness to pay.
Nonlinear Dynamics in the Coupled Fractional‐Order Memristor Chaotic System and Its Application in Image Encryption
Authors: Alharbi Sarah , Elsonbaty Amr , Elsadany A. A. , Kamal Fatma
Published: April 2023

This work presents two forms of coupled fractional‐order memristor chaotic systems. The existence and uniqueness of solutions are studied. Moreover, the range of parameters and time span at which the proposed two models exhibit continuous dependence on initial conditions are examined. The unique equilibrium point for each system is found, and the corresponding stability analysis is carried out. The regions of stability in the space of parameters are obtained, whereas numerical simulations are employed to confirm theoretical results. The bifurcation diagrams, in addition to Lyapunov exponents, are utilized to examine the effects of key parameters in two models. A chaos‐based encryption scheme is presented as an application to utilize complicated chaotic behaviors in coupled circuits.
Data from Downregulation of BASP1 promotes temozolomide resistance in gliomas via epigenetic activation of the FBXO32/NF-κB/MGMT axis
Authors: Liao Xinyi , Li Ziwen , Zheng Haiqing , Qian Wanying , Zhang Shuxia , Chen Suwen , Li Xincheng , Tang Miaoling , Xu Yingru , Yu Ruyuan , Li Man , Song Libing , Li Jun
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The chemoresistance of temozolomide (TMZ)-based therapy is a serious limitation for lasting effective treatment of gliomas, while the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, we showed that downregulation of BASP1 correlated negatively with the response to TMZ therapy and disease-free survival of patients with gliomas. Silencing BASP1 significantly enhanced the TMZ-resistance of glioma cells both in vitro and in vivo through repair of TMZ-induced DNA damage via activation of the FBXO32/NF-κB/MGMT axis in both MGMT methylated and unmethylated gliomas. We demonstrated that loss of BASP1 resulted in removal of TRIM37/EZH2 complex-induced repressive histone modifications, including H2A-ub and H3K27me3, but addition of WDR5/MLL complex-mediated active histone modifications, including H3K4me3 and H3K9ac, on the FBXO32 promoter, which elicited in FBXO32 upregulation and further activated NF-κB/MGMT signaling via ubiquitin-dependent degradation of IκBα. Importantly, treatment with OICR-9429, an antagonist of the WDR5-MLL interaction, impaired the FBXO32/NF-κB/MGMT axis-mediated repair of TMZ-induced DNA damage, leading to significant apoptosis of BASP1-downregulated glioma cells. These findings shed light on the molecular mechanism underlying BASP1-mediated epigenetic transcriptional repression and may represent a potential strategy in the fight against TMZ-resistant gliomas.
Implications: BASP1 downregulation promotes TMZ resistance in gliomas through WDR5/MLL complex-mediated epigenetic activation of the FBXO32/NF-κB/MGMT axis, providing new target for improving outcomes in patients with TMZ-resistant gliomas.
Data from HDAC3 inhibition promotes anti-tumor immunity by enhancing CXCL10 mediated chemotaxis and recruiting of immune cells
Authors: Li Lili , Hao Shumin , Gao Meiling , Liu Junxiao , Xu Xin , Huang Jianfei , Cheng Genhong , Yang Heng
Published: April 2023

Abstract
It is generally believed that histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors, which represent a new class of anti-cancer agents, exert their anti-tumor activity by directly causing cell cycle arrest and apoptosis of tumor cells. However, in this study, we demonstrated that class I HDAC inhibitors, such as Entinostat and Panobinostat, effectively suppressed tumor growth in immunocompetent but not immunodeficient mice. Further studies with Hdac1, 2, or 3 knockout tumor cells indicated that tumor-specific inactivation of HDAC3 suppressed tumor growth by activating anti-tumor immunity. Specifically, we found that HDAC3 could directly bind to promotor regions and inhibit the expression of CXCL9, 10, and 11 chemokines. Hdac3-deficient tumor cells expressed high levels of these chemokines, which suppressed tumor growth in immunocompetent mice by recruiting CXCR3+ T cells into the tumor microenvironment (TME). Furthermore, the inverse correlation between HDAC3 and CXCL10 expression in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) tumor tissues also suggested HDAC3 might be involved in anti-tumor immune regulation and patient survival. Thus, our studies have illustrated that HDAC3 inhibition suppresses tumor growth by enhancing immune cell infiltration into the TME. This anti-tumor mechanism may be helpful in guiding HDAC3 inhibitor-based treatment.