bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
From a Comprehensive Pool to a Project-Specific List of Key Performance Indicators for Monitoring the Positive Energy Transition of Smart Cities—An Experience-Based Approach
Authors: Angelakoglou Komninos , Kourtzanidis Konstantinos , Giourka Paraskevi , Apostolopoulos Vasilis , Nikolopoulos Nikos , Kantorovitch Julia
Published: July 2020

As cities grow rapidly and energy needs increase, shaping an effective energy transition is a top priority towards urban sustainability and smart development. This study attempts to answer three key research questions that can help city authorities, planners and interested agents simplify and increase the transparency of Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) selection for smart city and communities (SCC) projects focusing on energy transition and creation of Positive Energy Districts (PEDs): Question 1: “What resources are available for extracting such KPIs?”; Question 2: “Which of those KPIs are the most suitable for assessing the energy transition of smart city projects and PED-related developments?” and Question 3: “How can a project-specific shortlist of KPIs be developed?”. Answering these questions can also serve as a major first step towards a “universal” KPI selection procedure. In line with this purpose, an experiential approach is presented, capitalizing on knowledge and lessons learned from an ongoing smart city project in Europe (POCITYF) that focuses on PED deployment. Under this framework, a) a review of smart city KPI frameworks has been conducted, resulting in a pool of 258 indicators that can potentially be adopted by smart city projects; b) eight key dimensions of evaluations were extracted, setting a holistic performance framework relevant to SCCs; c) a detailed evaluation process including pre-determined criteria and city-needs feedback was applied to shortlist the KPI pool, leading to a ready-to-be-used, project-specific list of 63 KPIs and d) KPIs were sorted and analyzed in different granularity levels to further facilitate the monitoring procedure. The experiential procedure presented in this study can be easily adapted to the needs of every smart city project, serving as a recommendation guide.
Attention Distribution While Detecting Conflicts between Converging Objects: An Eye-Tracking Study
Authors: Eisma Yke Bauke , Looijestijn Anouk E. , de Winter Joost C. F.
Published: July 2020

In many domains, including air traffic control, observers have to detect conflicts between moving objects. However, it is unclear what the effect of conflict angle is on observers’ conflict detection performance. In addition, it has been speculated that observers use specific viewing techniques while performing a conflict detection task, but evidence for this is lacking. In this study, participants (N = 35) observed two converging objects while their eyes were recorded. They were tasked to continuously indicate whether a conflict between the two objects was present. Independent variables were conflict angle (30, 100, 150 deg), update rate (discrete, continuous), and conflict occurrence. Results showed that 30 deg conflict angles yielded the best performance, and 100 deg conflict angles the worst. For 30 deg conflict angles, participants applied smooth pursuit while attending to the objects. In comparison, for 100 and especially 150 deg conflict angles, participants showed a high fixation rate and glances towards the conflict point. Finally, the continuous update rate was found to yield shorter fixation durations and better performance than the discrete update rate. In conclusion, shallow conflict angles yield the best performance, an effect that can be explained using basic perceptual heuristics, such as the ‘closer is first’ strategy. Displays should provide continuous rather than discrete update rates.
The millimeter frequency range as a perspective for 5G networks
Authors: Pasarelski Rosen
Published: July 2020

The currently widely used 4G cellular networks face many challenges. The growing demand for high-resolution mobile multimedia applications is bringing these networks to their practical limits. 5G networks, the next generation of wireless communications, are standardized to ease the burden on current infrastructure by offering significantly higher data rates through increased channel bandwidth. Given the lack of accessible frequencies traditionally used for mobile communications, millimeter bandwidths (mmWave) are quite a challenging alternative. This technology is a cornerstone of upcoming 5G networks, allowing faster data speeds and much higher bandwidth than ever before, but not every 5G network will necessarily use this frequency band, at least not all the time. As with any new technology, there are unavoidable problems that need to be overcome. The purpose of the research and analysis in this article is to systematize issues and solutions related to the potential problems of spectrum sharing in mmWave frequency range, its suitability for long-distance communications, indoors, in bad weather conditions, as well as biological aspects, and relevant conclusions have been done to meet these challenges.
Analysis and risk assessment of risk technical systems to develop of methodology for teaching students using the method fault tree
Authors: Simeonova Tsvetelina
Published: July 2020

The aim of the present work is to develop a methodology for conducting exercises for analysis, assessment and management of risk, using a web based tool by identifying and analyzing the risk of occurrence of a dangerous event through the fault tree method. As a result, a framework is presented according to the proposed methodology applicable to the students' training in risk analysis, evaluation and management, and according to accepted assumptions. Approaches for qualitative and quantitative risk assessment are presented at the assumed value of the damages. In addition, a methodology for risk analysis, assessment and management applicable to student training on risk analysis and management has been developed and proposed.
Analysis and risk assessment of risk technical systems to develop of methodology for teaching students using the method event tree (event tree analysis)
Authors: Simeonova Tsvetelina
Published: July 2020

The aim of this paper is to develop a methodology for risk analysis, assessment and management using the event tree method. A sample sequence of risk analysis actions is shown with the use the event tree method in determining the probability of realizing a dangerous event including an exemplary event tree pattern according the example under consideration and with the possibility of calculations and for determining the risk at the accepted value of the damage. A methodology for risk analysis is proposed based on the event tree applicable to student training on risk analysis and management.
Model Transformations Carried by the Traceability Framework for Enterprises in Software Industry
Authors: Jadoon Gullelala , Shafi Muhammad , Jan Sadaqat
Published: July 2020

The developmental paradigm in the software engineering industry has transformed from a programming-oriented approach to model-oriented development. At present, model-based development is becoming an emerging method for enterprises for constructing software systems and services most proficiently. In Capability Maturity Model Integration (CMMI) Level 2, i.e., Managed, we need to sustain the bi-directional trace of the transformed models for the administration of user requirements and demands. This goal is achieved by the organization after applying the particular practices suggested by CMMI level 2 process area of Requirements Management (RM). It is very challenging for software developers and testers to maintain trace, particularly during the evaluation and upgrading phases of development. In our previous research work, we proposed a traceability framework for model-based development of applications for software enterprises. This work is the extension of our previously presented research work in which we have anticipated the meta-model transformations according to the Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC). These meta-models are capable of maintaining the trace information through relations. The proposed technique is also verified using a generalized illustration of an application. This transformation practice will give a foundation to software designers to maintain traceability links in model-driven development
Identification of Ischemic Stroke by Marker Controlled Watershed Segmentation and Fearture Extraction
Authors: Ajam Mohammed , Kanaan Hussein , El Khansa Lina , Ayache Mohammad
Published: July 2020

In this paper, we will describe a method that distinguishes the ischemic stroke from Computed Tomography (CT) brain images by extracting the statistical and textural features. First, preprocessing of the CT images is done followed by image enhancement. Segmentation of the CT images is performed by Marker Controlled Watershed. After the segmentation, we get the Grey Level Co-occurrence matrix (GLCM) and extract the textural and statistical features. The disadvantage of watershed is the over-segmentation caused by noise and solved by Marker Controlled Watershed as shown experimentally. The features extracted are contrast, correlation, standard deviation, variance, homogeneity, energy and mean. We noticed in our results that the values of homogeneity, energy and mean are bigger in normal CT images than in abnormal CT images where the contrast, correlation, standard deviation and variance of normal CT images are less than those of abnormal CT images (Ischemic Stroke)
Design and Simulation of Spectrum Access and Power Management Protocol for Dynamic Access Networks
Authors: Masadeh Ala'eddin , Bany Salameh Haythem , Abu-El-Haija Ahmad
Published: July 2020

This work investigates the problem of managing the transmission power and assigning channels for multi-channel single-radio Cognitive Radio Ad-Hoc Networks (CRAHNs). The considered network consists of M primary users and N secondary users, where the secondary users can use the licensed channels opportunistically when they are not utilized by the primary users. The secondary users have the capability of sensing the licensed channels and determine their occupation status. They are also able to control their transmission power such that the transmitted data can be received with high quality-of-service with the lowest possible transmission power, and minimum interference among the secondary users. This also contributes in increasing the frequency spatial reuse of the licensed channels by the secondary users, when the channels are unoccupied, which increases the network throughput. This work proposes a channel assignment algorithm aims at assigning the unoccupied licensed channels among secondary users efficiently, and a transmission power control aims at tuning the transmission power used by the secondary users to maximize the network throughput. The results show an enhancement achieved by the proposed protocol when it is integrated to the considered network, which is seen through increasing the network throughput and decreasing in the access delay. In this context, the Network Simulator 2 (NS2) was used to verify our proposed protocol, which indicates a significant enhancement in network performance
Enhanced Android Malware Detection and Family Classification, using Conversation-level Network Traffic Features
Authors: Abuthawabeh Mohammad , Mahmoud Khaled
Published: July 2020

Signature-based malware detection algorithms are facing challenges to cope with the massive number of threats in the Android environment. In this paper, conversation-level network traffic features are extracted and used in a supervised-based model. This model was used to enhance the process of Android malware detection, categorization, and family classification. The model employs the ensemble learning technique in order to select the most useful features among the extracted features. A real-world dataset called CICAndMal2017 was used in this paper. The results show that Extra-trees classifier had achieved the highest weighted accuracy percentage among the other classifiers by 87.75%, 79.97%, and 66.71%for malware detection, malware categorization, and malware family classification respectively. A comparison with another study that uses the same dataset was made. This study has achieved a significant enhancement in malware family classification and malware categorization. For malware family classification, the enhancement was 39.71% for precision and 41.09% for recall. The rate of enhancement for the Android malware categorization was 30.2% and 31.14‬% for precision and recall, respectively
Robotic Path Planning and Fuzzy Neural Networks
Authors: Mirza Nada
Published: July 2020

Fuzzy logic has gained excessive attention due to its capacity of handling the data in a much simpler way. It is applied to decrease the intricacy of already existed solutions and to provide the solution of new problems also. On the other hand, neural networks are distinct because of their robust processing and adaptive capabilities in dynamic environment. This paper mainly reviews the primary ideas and contribution of neural network system and fuzzy logic in the field of robotic path planning. Several hybrid techniques, which are being utilized in bringing dream of mobile robots to reality are discussed
Mitigating Insider Threats on the Edge: A Knowledgebase Approach
Authors: Althebyan Qutaibah
Published: July 2020

Insider Threats, who are cloud internal users, cause very serious problems, which in terns, leads to devastating attacks for both individuals and organizations. Although, most of the attentions, in the real world, is for the outsider attacks, however, the most damaging attacks come from the Insiders. In cloud computing, the problem becomes worst in which the number of insiders are maximized and hence, the amount of data that can be breached and disclosed is also maximized. Consequently, insiders' threats in the cloud ought to be one of the top most issues that should be handled and settled. Classical solutions to defend against insiders’ threats might fail short as it is not easy to track both activities of the insiders as well as the amount of knowledge an insider can accumulate through his/her privileged accesses. Such accumulated knowledge can be used to disclose critical information –which the insider is not privileged to- through expected dependencies that exist among different data items that reside in one or more nodes of the cloud. This paper provides a solution that suits well the specialized nature of the above mentioned problem. This solution takes advantage of knowledge bases by tracking accumulated knowledge of insiders through building Knowledge Graphs (KGs) for each insider. It also takes advantage of Mobile Edge Computing (MEC) by building a fog layer where a mitigation unit -resides on the edge- takes care of the insiders threats in a place that is as close as possible to the place where insiders reside. As a consequence, this gives continuous reactions to the insiders’ threats in real-time, and at the same time, lessens the overhead in the cloud. The MEC model to be presented in this paper utilizes a knowledgebase approach where insiders’ knowledge is tracked and modeled. In case an insider knowledge accumulates to a level that is expected to cause some potential disclosure of private data, an alarm will be raised so that expected actions should be taken to mitigate this risk. The knowledgebase approach involves generating Knowledge Graphs (KGs), Dependency Graphs (DGs) where a Threat Prediction Value (TPV) is evaluated to estimate the risk upon which alarms for potential disclosure are raised. Experimental analysis has been conducted using CloudExp simulator where the results have shown the ability of the proposed model to raise alarms for potential risks from insiders in a real time fashion with accurate precision
Primeras aproximaciones al registro zooarqueológico de Pajchela Núcleo, Puna de Jujuy: Un acercamiento a las prácticas de manejo y consumo de animales en un contexto agro-pastoril
Authors: Carreras Jésica
Published: July 2020

Este artículo tiene como objetivo presentar los resultados preliminares del análisis del conjunto zooarqueológico proveniente del recinto 1 del sitio Pajchela Núcleo, ubicado en la cuenca superior del río Grande de San Juan en la Puna jujeña, Argentina. Propongo las primeras interpretaciones acerca de las prácticas domésticas relacionadas con la preparación de alimentos, focalizadas en el manejo y el consumo de animales entre los siglos XIV y XV, durante el periodo de Desarrollos Regionales Tardío en el sitio. La muestra está compuesta por un total de 1.590 especímenes óseos, de los que pudieron ser identificados un total de 662 (42%), mientras que los 928 fragmentos restantes permanecen como no identificados (58%). El conjunto general presenta una baja diversidad taxonómica. El taxón más abundante es Artiodactyla, seguido por Camelidae. Aunque se encuentra emplazado en un contexto agrícola, el recinto presenta una lógica de manejo de los rebaños y las prácticas vinculadas con la obtención y consumo de animales que responde a una estrategia pastoril, en la que la producción secundaria, posiblemente de fibra y la capacidad de transporte, jugaron roles importantes. Considero, entonces, que la formación del registro arqueofaunístico responde a una lógica propia de un sistema agro-pastoril complejo.
El conjunto de fauna menor del sitio La Modesta: un aporte al estudio de la subsistencia durante el Holoceno medio en la transición pampeano-patagónica oriental (Buenos Aires, Argentina)
Authors: Alcaraz Ana Paula
Published: July 2020

En este trabajo se exponen los resultados obtenidos de los análisis realizados sobre los restos de fauna menor (<15 kg) recuperados en superficie y estratigrafía del sitio La Modesta (transición pampeano-patagónica oriental, provincia de Buenos Aires). Este sitio se localiza en un contexto de dunas, próximo a un paleocauce del río Colorado y distante a 60 km de la costa Atlántica. Los fechados radiocarbónicos sitúan a las ocupaciones humanas en el Holoceno medio (ca. 5900-5600 años AP). Los estudios realizados muestran que el conjunto faunístico es producto de complejas historias tafonómicas y que la presencia de los taxa identificados responde a diversas causas. Además de los peces fluviales, otras especies de fauna menor, como Myocastor coypus, aves medianas y posiblemente armadillos, habrían contribuido a la dieta de las poblaciones humanas. Esta información, sumada a la ya generada para el sitio (análisis de las especies de tamaño mayor, isótopos estables) contribuye a generar una primera aproximación acerca de la subsistencia de las poblaciones cazadoras-recolectoras para un momento en el que no se contaba con dicha información en el área de estudio.
Rapsodia andina. Intertextualidad del tejer y el criar a inicios del segundo milenio (Antofagasta de la Sierra, Puna meridional argentina)
Authors: Lopez Campeny Sara , Romano Andrés Sebastián
Published: July 2020

Este trabajo pone el foco en el análisis de una pieza textil, la cual es estudiada a partir de la integración de diferentes “capas” (estructural, estética, taxonómica) y desde escalas de observación diversas (macro y microscópica). Este abordaje se complementa con un examen del contexto artefactual y espacio-temporal asociado a la tela (Antofagasta de la Sierra, ca. 1200 años d.C.), lo que incluye el uso de diversas técnicas de caracterización físico-químicas: difracción de rayos X (DRX), microscopía electrónica de barrido (MEB), microanálisis con sonda de electrones (MEB-EDS) y emisión de rayos X inducidos por partículas (PIXE), así como la aplicación de técnicas forenses. Partiendo de una cosmovisión animista y relacional, y apoyados en información histórica y etnográfica del área andina meridional, se propone un rol activo (agencia) por parte de los diferentes rasgos textiles identificados, en los sucesivos contextos de uso/función de la prenda. Estos elementos materializan el “ensamble” de diferentes entidades conjugadas en el textil, lo que es interpretado en el marco de prácticas de ritualidad andina vinculadas con ofrendas propiciatorias.
La tecnología lítica del sitio Laguna La Vizcacha, sector centro-meridional del área Interserrana bonaerense
Authors: Torino Rocio
Published: July 2020

El presente trabajo resume las principales tendencias tecnológicas resultantes del estudio del conjunto lítico procedente de dos transectas de recolección superficial realizadas en el sitio Laguna La Vizcacha (San Cayetano, Buenos Aires). Los estudios fueron realizados desde una perspectiva tecnológica y tecnomorfológica con el objetivo de conocer las elecciones realizadas a lo largo del proceso de talla, definir las diferentes actividades tecnológicas y analizar la obtención y uso de las materias primas de acuerdo con su disponibilidad y accesibilidad. La información generada permitió observar la explotación mayoritaria de ortocuarcita del Grupo Sierras Bayas la cual se encuentra disponible de manera local. Asimismo, se observan diferentes objetivos de talla y el desarrollo de las etapas intermedias y finales de las cadenas operativas para cada una de las litologías empleadas. Este trabajo constituye un avance en el conocimiento sobre la tecnología lítica en el sector centro-meridional del área Interserrana bonaerense.
Restitución de los restos mortales encontrados en el cerro Yanquenao, provincia de Chubut
Authors: Frere María Magdalena , Aguerre Ana Margarita
Published: July 2020

En la presente nota se da a conocer una experiencia de trabajo surgida a partir del pedido de la restitución de restos mortales de la comunidad tehuelche-mapuche de la localidad de Sarmiento, provincia de Chubut. Estos restos habían sido hallados en 1979 en el Cerro Yanquenao, al norte del lago Colhue Huapi, por Carlos J. Gradín. Desde entonces estuvieron conservados en el Instituto de Arqueología de la Facultad de Filosofía y Letras de la Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA). Aquí se describen los pasos seguidos en el proceso de la restitución, en el cual intervinieron, además de miembros de la comunidad y del Instituto, las autoridades del Programa Nacional de Identificación y Restitución de Restos Humanos Indígenas del Instituto Nacional de Asuntos Indígenas (INAI) y de la Facultad de Filosofía y Letras de la UBA. Esta experiencia contribuyó, una vez más, a la reflexión acerca de nuestras prácticas profesionales como arqueólogos y de la necesidad de instalar nuevas formas de diálogo y de interacción entre académicos, instituciones, autoridades estatales y comunidades originarias.
Differences influence of drill, small sided games, and combination methods of two method skills on football players on beginners
Authors: Prasetya Prasetya , Doewes Muchsin , Riyadi Slamet
Published: July 2020

The aim of this study was to determine and test whether or not there were differences in the effect of the drill method, small sided games, and the combination of the two methods on soccer playing skills of young athletes.
Material and methods. This research method used in the form of experimental research with a quantitative approach method in which researchers will work with numbers as a manifestation of the observed symptoms. In this study, researchers used treatment with the application of drill methods, small sided games and a combination of two methods. So this experimental research design uses a 3 x 2 factorial design. Factorial experiments are experiments that almost or all levels of a factor are combined or crossed with all the levels of each of the other factors that are in the experiment. The research design used in this study is "Two Groups Pretest-Posttest Design". The population in this study were students of PSB Bonansa UNS Surakarta, amounting to 95 people. Sampling uses a purposive sampling technique that is included in the probability sampling. Data collection techniques in this study by making research designs, conducting research, making research reports Data analysis techniques used in this study using SPSS 24, namely two-way Variant Analysis (ANAVA) at a significance level = 0.05.
Results. The results of this study are that there are differences in the effect of the drill method, small sided games, and the combination of the two methods on soccer playing skills in the beginner athlete PSB Bonansa UNS Surakarta. Research subjects who did exercises before and after using drill methods, small sided games, and combinations had improved soccer playing skills.
Conclusions. In the 9-10 years age group, drill increased by 0.39, small sided games increased by 0.13, and for combination there was an increase of 0.58. In the 11-12 year age group there was an increase of 0.43 (drill), 0.65 (small sided games) and 0.94 in the combination method.
Non-drug treatments and rehabilitation of patients with bronchial asthma
Authors: Mytskan B.M. , Ostapiak Z.M. , Mytskan T.S.
Published: July 2020

The aim is to analyze the effectiveness of non-drug methods of treatment and rehabilitation of children and adults with bronchial asthma.

Methods. To realize the purpose of the study, a system-functional analysis of special literature and materials of the Internet was used.

Results. The standard approach to antiasthmatic therapy does not always lead to a controlled course. Reducing the impact of allergens both in the home and in the workplace is an effective measure to control the disease. Phytotherapy and reflexology are widely and effectively used. Diet therapy is ineffective, the use of vitamin D in the treatment and rehabilitation of patients with bronchial asthma is encouraging. The vaccine does not increase the risk of the disease, but it is not effective for prevention. Increasing physical activity is the most effective method of rehabilitating patients. Evidence from recent studies suggests that interventions aimed at eliminating a single allergen may be effective in reducing allergen levels and asthma incidence, and this approach deserves further study. Currently, a comprehensive multifaceted study of acupuncture, which will be able to provide reliable clinical evidence of the effectiveness of acupuncture for the treatment and prevention of asthma. At the same time, there is a need for comprehensive research in the field of phytotherapy and training of respiratory muscles.

Conclusion. Non-drug methods of prevention and rehabilitation are widely used (as additional) in bronchial asthma. Despite many years of use of phytotherapy, acupuncture, breathing exercises in the treatment and rehabilitation of asthma, so far there are no clear recommendations for their use: indications, dosage, duration, frequency and the lack of standardization makes it difficult to use them.
Influence of teaching style and achievement motivation towards the results of learning services to volleyball
Authors: Sari Felinda , Kristiyanto Agus , Utomo Tri Aprilijanto
Published: July 2020

The aim of this study was to determine the difference in influence between the command teaching style and inclusive teaching style on the results of service learning.
Material and methods. This research is experimental research with a 2x2 factorial design. This research was conducted at Sukoharjo State Junior High School, Pringsewu Regency, Lampung Province. The implementation of the treatment of the volleyball service with Command Style and Inclusion Style teaching in Extracurricular students of Sukoharjo State Junior High School, Pringsewu Regency, Lampung Province. This research is an experimental study that aims to compare two different treatments to research subjects using factorial design techniques meaning that there are two factors studied. The research design used is the treatment design by level 2 x 2.
Results. Based on the results of the research and the results of data analysis that have been done, the following conclusions can be obtained: 1) There is a significant difference in influence between the Komando teaching style and the teaching style of inclusion in improving service results on volleyball (p <0.05). The effect of the command teaching style method is better than the inclusion teaching style in improving the service outcome of volleyball. 2) There is a significant difference in the results of service for volleyball between students who have high and low achievement motivation (p <0.05).
Conclusion. The results of service on volleyball in students who have high achievement motivation are better than those who have low achievement motivation. 3) There is no significant interaction effect between teaching style and achievement motivation on the results of service on volleyball (p> 0.05).
Approaches to assessing the effectiveness of the team's performance in international athletics competitions (on the example of endurance)
Authors: Rykalov Iu.V. , Goncharova N.M.
Published: July 2020

The aim: theoretical substantiation and development of approaches to assessing the effectiveness of the results of the sports team's performance in international athletics competitions (on the example of endurance).
Material and methods: theoretical analysis and generalization of scientific and methodological literature and information of the Internet, data of information databases of athletics (Tilastopaja), (All-Athletics), printed and electronic sources of the Association of Track & Field Statisticians- ATFS ), the official website of the European Athletics Association (EAA), the Federation of Athletics of Ukraine, systematization, content analysis. An analysis of the results of competitive activities of athletes (n = 297) of the best thirteen European teams that participated in the XXIV European Athletics Championships (Berlin, 2018) in endurance and have gold awards. The criteria that allow to expand the approaches to assessing the effectiveness of the performance of the full team were considered.
Results. The performance of thirteen best teams in athletics in endurance at the XXIV European Athletics Championships (Berlin, 2018) was analyzed. The obtained data allowed us to conclude that in order to create an objective assessment of the team's performance in athletics, it is not enough to take into account only the number of medals won and the places occupied by the team's athletes in the top eight. When determining the effectiveness of team performance in endurance classes, according to the existing evaluation system, medals were awarded to 2% to 33% of athletes from the total team, and places in the top eight were occupied by 18 to 75% of athletes.
Conclusions. When evaluating the effectiveness of a sports team, you need to take into account a number of criteria that will create a diverse assessment of the performance of the sports team, which includes evaluation as a criterion - the performance of athletes at the level of personal achievement.
CONHECIMENTO DOS AGENTES COMUNITÁRIOS DE SAÚDE ACERCA DA TUBERCULOSE: UMA REVISÃO SISTEMÁTICA DE ESTUDOS BRASILEIROS
Authors: Callou Bernardo de Oliveira Bueno , Victor Farias do Nascimento Pedro , de Paula Rêgo Graciliano Luz Aline , Clênio Januário Diego , Lima Pinto Mayrla , Maria Ribeiro Monteiro de Figueiredo Tânia
Published: July 2020

Objetivo: Analisar resultados descritos na literatura científica para avaliar o conhecimento dos Agentes Comunitários de Saúde acerca da tuberculose. Método: Trata-se de uma revisão sistemática de artigos científicos brasileiros, seguindo a recomendação PRISMA. Devido às características singulares de atuação e inserção dos Agentes Comunitários de Saúde na política pública de saúde brasileira, foram avaliados apenas estudos realizados no Brasil. A coleta de dados foi realizada durante o mês de novembro de 2019 através das bases de dados BIREME (Centro Latino-Americano e do Caribe de Informação em Ciências da Saúde), Scielo (Scientific Electronic Library Online), PubMed (National Library of Medicine). Foram considerados todos os documentos contendo a combinação em português e inglês dos descritores: Agentes Comunitários de Saúde AND Tuberculose AND Conhecimento. Resultados: A busca inicial a partir dos descritores resultou em 516 artigos, 144 artigos foram levantados na base de dados PubMed, 19 na Scielo, e 353 na BIREME. Após aplicados os critérios de elegibilidade, 07 artigos foram incluídos para revisão sistemática. Foram identificadas inúmeras fragilidades no nível de conhecimento acerca das formas de transmissão da doença, ações de biossegurança, de busca do sintomático respiratório, de adesão ao tratamento, de identificação de cicatriz da vacina BCG, e de aplicação do Tratamento Diretamente Observado. Conclusão: Pode-se concluir que o conhecimento dos Agente Comunitário de Saúde acerca da tuberculose ainda encontra-se muito aquém do esperado, o que em grande parte, expressa diretamente a dificuldade enfrentada pela própria Atenção Básica em assumir, com profundidade, as ações de controle da doença.

Palavras chave: Tuberculose. Agentes Comunitários de Saúde. Conhecimento. Revisão Sistemática.
ESTUDO EPIDEMIOLÓGICO DA FEBRE AMARELA NO BRASIL ENTRE OS ANOS 2006 E 2016
Authors: Flávia Henriques Ribeiro Monteiro Ana , Paula Monteiro do Nascimento Ana , Galvão Araújo Lucas , Louis Rodrigues Cavalcanti Mateus , Medeiros Gomes Cavalcanti Paloma , Cavalcanti Rodrigues Raissa
Published: July 2020

Objetivo: Descrever o perfil epidemiológico da febre amarela no Brasil, entre os anos de 2006 a 2016. Método: Utilizou-se a base de dados do Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação (SINAN), além de artigos publicados na PUBMED, Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS) e LILACS, para correlação e análise dos dados encontrados. Resultados: Por meio dos dados analisados, observou-se que no período de 2006 a 2016, a febre amarela apresentou uma taxa de letalidade maior que 50%. O ano de 2016 foi o que apresentou o maior número de óbitos e casos confirmados, seguido por 2008 e 2009, com a segunda maior incidência. Houve predominância de 83% do sexo masculino em comparação ao feminino. Além disso, a faixa etária mais acometida foi de adultos jovens de 20 (vinte) a 39 (trinta e nove anos). Minas Gerais foi o estado com maior incidência, revelando um maior número de casos na região sudeste neste período. A raça branca foi a mais incidente. Ademais, a febre amarela apresentou uma sazonalidade definida, entre os meses de dezembro a março. Por fim, a baixa escolaridade foi prevalente nos casos de febre amarela confirmados nesse período. Conclusão: Identificar o perfil epidemiológico é de enorme relevância para o direcionamento de ações de combate e controle, atuando principalmente nos grupos mais afetados. Portanto, ressalta-se a importância do combate à subnotificação, visto que a notificação compulsória é o principal meio para o conhecimento da situação epidemiológica do país.

Palavras chave: Febre Amarela. Epidemiologia. Arboviroses.
EMERGÊNCIAS RELACIONADAS A ACIDENTES POR ESCORPIÕES: UM RELATO DE EXPERIÊNCIA
Authors: de Paula Rêgo Graciano Luz Aline , Rossana Vieira Costa Alba , Silvino Coelho Martins Mestre Emanuelle , Simão de Abrantes Rafaela , Kelly Policarpo Falcão Priscilla
Published: July 2020

Introdução: O escorpionismo é uma questão de saúde pública devido à grande quantidade de casos notificados e possibilidade de agravamento dos quadros clínicos dos pacientes, podendo levar à morte. A condução correta desses casos é fundamental para um bom prognóstico do paciente, evitando maiores complicações e garantindo desfecho favorável. Objetivo: Relatar como ocorre o atendimento de casos de escorpionismo atendidos e notificados pelo Centro de Informação e Assistência Toxicológica de Campina Grande (CIATox-CG), que atua dentro de um hospital de grande porte e referência na região para casos de intoxicação, e ressaltar a importância de condutas corretas para que ocorra atendimento adequado e uma boa evolução dos casos atendidos. Metodologia: Estudo descritivo com abordagem indutiva, do tipo relato de experiência, realizado em Campina Grande/PB, tratando da atuação de plantonistas do CIATox-CG no atendimento de uma amostra de 30 pacientes adultos vítimas de escorpionismo no Hospital de Emergência e Trauma Dom Luiz Gonzaga Fernandes (HETDLGF). O instrumento utilizado foi a técnica de documentação direta intensiva. Resultados: O CIATox- CG atuou junto ao serviço de maneira comprometida nos casos de escorpionismo, promovendo um atendimento pautado nas premissas do Ministério da Saúde e garantindo que boas condutas fossem realizadas com resolutividade satisfatória. Conclusão: A atuação do CIATox-CG teve relevância para a capacitação e desenvolvimento dos plantonistas e profissionais de saúde envolvidos, além de promover práticas em saúde pautadas na ciência baseada em evidências que beneficiem os pacientes vítimas de acidentes por escorpião.

Palavras chave: Intoxicações. Picadas de escorpião. Saúde Pública.
PREVALÊNCIA DO TRANSTORNO DE EVITAÇÃO ESCOLAR EM ADOLESCENTES ESCOLARES COM EXCESSO DE PESO DE CAMPINA GRANDE - PB
Authors: Laerty da Silva Sales Lucenildo , Maria Cordeiro Costa Elayne , Ewayr Mariano de Araújo José , Campos Muniz Medeiros Carla , Franklin de Carvalho Danielle
Published: July 2020

Objetivo: Identificar a presença do transtorno de evitação escolar (EVE) em adolescentes regularmente matriculados no ensino médio de escolas públicas do município de Campina Grande - Paraíba. Metodologia: Estudo transversal, realizado com 131 adolescentes, com idades entre 15 e 19 anos de escolas públicas de Campina Grande - PB. Para avaliação do estado nutricional foi realizado o cálculo de índice de massa corporal (IMC) e para avaliação da presença ou ausência de do transtorno de evitação escolar foi utilizado o Questionário para Triagem de Ansiedade Infantil (QTAI-C). A análise estatística dos dados foi feita a partir do Statistical Packages for the Social Scientes - SPSS, versão 21.0. Para associação entre IMC, transtorno de evitação escolar e sexo foi realizado teste qui- quadrado, considerando-se intervalo de confiança de 95%. Resultados: Foi identificado a presença de algum transtorno de ansiedade em 32,1% dos pesquisados e, dentre esses, 20,6%, apresentaram Evitação Escolar (EVE), o qual foi significativamente prevalente (p <0,05) nos indivíduos eutróficos do sexo feminino (30,3%). Ainda, 22,5% dos eutróficos apresentaram EVE, enquanto 18,3% dos casos apresentaram sobrepeso/obesidade. Considerações Finais: É evidente a maior prevalência da evitação escolar no sexo feminino, o que se deve a predisposição ao desenvolvimento de transtornos de ansiedade, possivelmente em razão de aspectos sociais, genéticos e hormonais, sendo necessários estudos mais aprofundados nesse grupo. Além disso, não foi possível relacionar o estado nutricional e a prevalência de EVE.

Palavras chave: Transtornos Fóbicos. Obesidade. Saúde do Adolescente. Evasão Escolar.
VIOLÊNCIA INTRAFAMILIAR E COMUNITÁRIA CONTRA MULHERES: UM PROBLEMA DE SAÚDE PÚBLICA
Authors: Ribeiro Monteiro de Figueiredo Tayná , de Macedo Bernardino Ítalo , Marques da Nóbrega Lorena , D’Ávila Lins Bezerra Cavalcanti Sérgio
Published: July 2020

Introdução: O reconhecimento da violência contra a mulher como um importante problema de saúde pública e uma grave violação dos direitos humanos faz-se necessário para que haja alocação adequada de recursos para a expansão dos centros de atenção social voltados às vítimas de violência. Objetivo: Objetivou-se com esse estudo traçar o perfil da violência intrafamiliar e comunitária contra mulher de acordo com as características sociodemográficas das vítimas e dos agressores excluindo os casos de parceiros íntimos. Métodos: Foi realizado um estudo observacional, de caráter exploratório, com dados secundários oriundos do Núcleo de Medicina e Odontologia Legal (NUMOL) de um município do Nordeste brasileiro. Realizou-se a análise estatística descritiva objetivando caracterizar a amostra. Em seguida, empregou-se a análise de diferença de proporções (teste qui-quadrado de Pearson ou teste exato de Fisher quando apropriado) para determinar associação entre mecanismo de agressão e demais variáveis investigadas. Resultados: A maioria da amostra tinha entre 30 e 59 anos (32,0%), era solteira (63,6%), possuía baixa escolaridade (65,6%) e não trabalhava (45,9%). O agressor em sua maioria era do sexo masculino (52,7%), sendo geralmente familiar da vítima (96,6%). Prevaleceram situações de agressões sem instrumento (80,4%), sendo registradas principalmente aos domingos (18,3%) e à noite (38,7%). Conclusão: Portanto, observou-se associação estatística significativa entre mecanismo de agressão e escolaridade, ocupação da vítima, sexo do agressor e período de ocorrência. Dessa forma, foi possível observar um perfil da violência intrafamiliar e comunitária contra a mulher de acordo com as características sociodemográficas das vítimas e dos agressores. Palavras chave: Violência. Violência contra a Mulher. Saúde Pública. Epidemiologia.
ANÁLISE DE INDICADORES EPIDEMIOLÓGICOS DA COINFECÇÃO TUBERCULOSE-HIV
Authors: Victor Farias do Nascimento Pedro , José de Araújo Aguinaldo , Lins de Oliveira Jéssica , de Paula Rêgo Graciano Luz Aline , Callou Bernardo de Oliveira Bueno , Maria Ribeiro Monteiro de Figueiredo Tânia
Published: July 2020

Objetivo: Avaliar os indicadores de cura e de abandono dos casos de tuberculose e de coinfecção tuberculose/HIV. Métodos: Estudo transversal, descritivo e quantitativo, realizado no estado da Paraíba-Brasil. A população estudada foi composta por dois grupos notificados no Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação Compulsória da Secretaria de Saúde do Estado da Paraíba, durante 2013 a 2015, sendo eles: todos os casos de tuberculose e todos os casos de coinfecção tuberculose-HIV, em que ambos obtiveram cura ou abandono como situação de encerramento do tratamento. As frequências absolutas e relativas foram descritas, bem como, aplicou-se o teste de Odds Ratio. Resultados: Em relação aos doentes de tuberculose, 61% obtiveram cura e 13% abandonaram o tratamento. Quanto aos coinfectados tuberculose/HIV, 42% alcançaram a cura e 24% abandonaram o tratamento. Em ambos os grupos, o percentual de abandono foi maior para o tratamento autoadministrado em comparação com os que realizaram o Tratamento Diretamente Observado. Segundo teste de Odds Ratio, os sujeitos coinfectados apresentaram 2,6 mais chance de abandonar o tratamento da tuberculose comparados aos casos de tuberculose sem confirmação para o HIV. Considerações finais: O abandono do tratamento da tuberculose constitui o principal desafio dos órgãos de controle da doença, a adesão à terapêutica deve ser considerada como um fator imprescindível para a obtenção da cura. Portanto, os gestores e profissionais de saúde devem está atentos aos grupos populacionais em situação de maior vulnerabilidade, tanto para o adoecimento, quanto para a não adesão ao tratamento.

Palavras chave: Tuberculose. HIV. Coinfecção. Saúde Pública.
THE PROBLEM OF A POSITIVE HERO IN H. BÖLL’S NOVEL “BILLIARDS AT HALF PAST NINE” IN THE CONTEXT OF THE LITERARY INFLUENCE OF F.M. DOSTOEVSKY
Authors: Melnikova L.A.
Published: July 2020

The paper examines the peculiarities of the reception of the artistic experience of F.M. Dostoevsky by the German writer H. Böll at the level of the figurative system of the novel “Billiards at half-past nine”. A comprehensive comparative analysis of the images of Makar Dolgoruky and Shrella allows us to reveal a number of artistic similarities between these characters, manifested both in terms of character disclosure (the presence in both characters such qualities as humility, insight, moral hardness, religiosity) as well as in the aspect of artistic functions (the role they play as a moral guide for central characters). This confirms the fact that in this work there are signs of the literary influence of F.M. Dostoevsky on the creative style of H. Böll. At the same time, the problem of a positive hero in the novel “Billiards at half-past nine” is developed on the material of the German post-war reality in close connection with the historical and political context. The German writer creates an original image of a distinctive character, imbued with special symbolism.
THE TRADITION OF ENGLISH-LANGUAGE ELEGY AND J. BRODSKY’s POETRY
Authors: Markova E.A.
Published: July 2020

In the present article J. Brodsky’s poetry is analyzed in the context of a particular elegiac tradition associated with some key figures of English-language poetry of the mid-to-late 20th century. These are W.B. Yeats, T.S. Eliot, W.H. Auden and S. Heaney. The aim of the article is to examine the continuity of the 20th century English poetry by the example of a sequence of dedication poems (elegies), in which each subsequent poem alludes to the previous one(s). The comparative method allows us not only to show the features of modern English-language poetry (for instance, the link between elegiac mood and reflection on the purpose of poetry), but also to analyze the influence of poets’ interpersonal contacts on their works. Special emphasis is put on J. Brodsky’s poetry as it may seem extraneous to the English-language tradition in question. The analysis of Brodsky’s personal and creative biography, his particular dedication poems and essays allows us to find the links between the Russian poet and the literary tradition of Great Britain, Ireland and the USA.
PROSE OF D.M. BALASHOV AND I.M. EFIMOV IN THE FORMATION OF THE NOVGOROD TEXT OF RUSSIAN LITERATURE
Authors: Pol D.V. , Samarova E.A.
Published: July 2020

There is stable correlation between an artistic word and the place of its writing or the territory that the text glorifies. Ancient people called this correlation “Genius loci” (genius of place). This phenomenon is universal, most clearly manifested in developed civilizations. At the beginning of the 21st century, along with London, Paris, Rome, Vienna, Berlin, Madrid “texts” of World literature, we can speak about Moscow, St. Petersburg, manor, Novgorod, Solovetsky and many other “texts” of Russian literature. Historical novels have made a significant contribution to the creation of the Novgorod “text”. For example, prose of D. Balashov and I. Efimov largely designed the “space” of the Novgorod text in Russian literature of the last third of the 20 - early 21 centuries.
FROM HISTORY OF THE RUSSIAN WORDS: Pryakha’ [a Spinner], ‘Tkachikha’ [a Weaver] and ‘Skatert’-samobranka’ [a Magic Table-Cloth]
Authors: Sheidayeva S.G.
Published: July 2020

This article presents a spinning and weaving vocabulary based on the material of the historical Russian language dictionaries and on the ancient manuscripts containing colloquial and business lexis. It describes two large groups of words connected with the designation of the actions ‘pryast’’ [to spin] and ‘tkat’’ [to weave]. They comprise not only cognate words like ‘pryast’’ [to spin],‘pryakha’ [a spinner], ‘pryalka’ [a spinning wheel], ‘pryazha’ [yarn], ‘pryadilshchik’’ [a male spinner] (the first group), and ‘tkat’’ [to weave], ‘tkan’’ [cloth], ‘tkach’ [a male weaver], ‘tkachikha’ [a female weaver] (the second group), but also other purpose-specific lexis. Special attention is placed on the fact that these two groups include the names of persons (‘pryakha’ [a spinner], ‘pryadeya’ and ‘pryaljya’ which are both obsolete words meaning [a spinner], ‘pryadilshchik’ [a male spinner],‘tkach’ [a male weaver],‘tkachikha’ [a female weaver], ‘tkaljya’which is an obsolete word meaning [a female weaver],‘tkatel’’which is an obsolete word meaning [a male weaver],etc.), names of materials (‘lyon’ [flax], ‘konoplya’ [hemp], ‘kudel’’ [tow], etc.), labor actions and processes associated with their processing (‘terebit’’ [to pull], ‘myat’’ [to break], ‘trepat’’ [to skutch], ‘suchit’’ [to twist], etc.), as well as the processing waste (‘kostrika’ [chaff], ‘otryopki’ [hurds], ‘paklya’ [rug skutching], etc.), instruments of labor (‘myalka’ [a breaker], ‘pryalka’ [a spinning wheel], ‘vereteno’ [a spindle], ‘stan’ [a body], etc.), products of labor (‘pryazha’ [yarn], ‘polotno’[canvas], ‘poskon’’ [hemp cloth], etc.). This article analyzes the origin of these words and their subject orientation. Having compared the functioning of the terms of spinning and weaving production in the Russian literature records with the colloquial and slangy lexemes associated with them in modern speech communication, we came to a conclusion that the latter acquired purely attitudinal meaning.