bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analysis Dissenting Opinion and Concurring Opinion in Decision MK No.90/PUU-XXI/2023 Perspective Siyasah Qadhaiyyah
Authors: Muhammad Farhan  , Khalid
Published: January 2025

In the Constitutional Court Decision NO. 90/PUU-XXI/2023, which discusses the age limit for presidential and vice-presidential candidates, there are several discrepancies in the trial process. This is due to two constitutional judges presenting different arguments but reaching the same conclusion (Concurring Opinion) and four constitutional judges expressing differing opinions (Dissenting Opinion). There is an anomaly where the two judges with Concurring Opinions should be more appropriately categorized under Dissenting Opinions. If we examine the reasoning of the two judges with Concurring Opinions, it can be assessed that their arguments lean more towards the Dissenting Opinion, but their opinions shifted to the part that granted the request. The problem formulation to be discussed includes, first, how to analyze the Dissenting Opinion and Concurring Opinion of the judges in the Constitutional Court Decision No. 90/PUU-XXI/2023, which reflects differing views among the judges regarding the substance of the case examined, and second, how to view and interpret the Constitutional Court Decision No. 90/PUU-XXI/2023 regarding the judges' opinions in the trial from the perspective of Siyasah Qadhaiyyah, such as the principles of public policy in Islam that are oriented towards the welfare of the community.
Representasi Kepercayaan Diri Dalam Film Animasi Si Juki The Movie: Panitia Hari Akhir
Authors: Erlis Berliana  , Yogie Alontari
Published: January 2025

The animated film Si Juki The Movie: Panitia Hari Akhir illustrates the meaning or message of self-confidence, especially through the main character, Juki. Born into a Betawi family and actively highlighting Betawi and local culture, Juki brings a unique perspective on self-confidence, particularly through his distinctive anti-mainstream character. The aim of this research is to analyze the meaning and signs that represent self-confidence as depicted in the animated film Si Juki The Movie: Panitia Hari Akhir. Using a qualitative method, this research utilizes various academic sources to assist in the analysis process, including selected informants. The constructivist paradigm and Roland Barthes' Semiotic Analysis are employed in this study to uncover meanings and signs on the levels of denotation, connotation, and myth. Additionally, the study applies the Theory of Representation by Stuart Hall and various theories of self-confidence developed by several experts. The findings reveal that the film showcases the representation of the message or meaning of self-confidence through several scenes analyzed. There are also several values of self-confidence contained in this film, including confidence in one's appearance, confidence in one's skills, confidence in taking action, understanding one's identity, acting according to one's will without being influenced by others, self-belief, and the desire to enhance one's capabilities.
Sledgehamr: Simulating Scalar Fields with Adaptive Mesh Refinement
Authors: Buschmann Malte
Published: January 2025

Understanding the nonlinear dynamics of coupled scalar fields often necessitates simulations on a 3D mesh. These simulations can be computationally expensive if a large scale separation is involved. A common solution is adaptive mesh refinement, which, however, greatly increases a simulation's complexity. In this work, we present sledgehamr, an AMReX-based code package to make the simulation of coupled scalar fields on an adaptive mesh more accessible. Compatible with both GPU and CPU clusters, sledgehamr offers a flexible and customizable framework. While the code had been primarily developed to evolve axion string networks, this framework enables various other applications, such as the study of gravitational waves sourced by the dynamics of scalar fields.
Unraveling the Dusty Environment around RT Vir
Authors: Preston Michael D. , Speck Angela K. , Dillon Sean , Sargent B.
Published: January 2025

Infrared (IR) studies of asymptotic giant branch (AGB) stars are critical to our understanding of the formation of cosmic dust. In this investigation, we explore the mid- to far-IR emission of the oxygen-rich AGB star RT Virginis. This optically thin dusty environment has unusual spectral features when compared to other stars in its class. To explore this enigmatic object we use the one-dimensional radiative transfer modeling code DUSTY. Modeled spectra are compared with observations from the Infrared Space Observatory, InfraRed Astronomical Satellite, the Herschel Space Observatory, and a host of other sources to determine the properties of RT Vir's circumstellar material. Our models suggest a set of two distant and cool dust shells at low optical depths (τ

V,inner = 0.16, τ

V,outer = 0.06), with inner dust temperatures T
1 = 330 K, T
3 = 94 K. Overall, these dust shells exhibit a chemical composition consistent with dust typically found around O-rich AGB stars. However, the distribution of materials differs significantly. The inner shell consists of a mixture of silicates, Al2O3, FeO, and Fe, while the outer shell primarily contains crystalline Al2O3 polymorphs. This chemical change is indicative of two distinct epochs of dust formation around RT Vir. These changes in dust composition are driven by either changes in the pressure–temperature conditions around the star or by a decrease in the C/O ratio due to hot-bottom burning.
Analytical Verification of the Normal Vector Determination Methods for Planar Magnetic Structures
Authors: Teh Wai-Leong
Published: January 2025

Minimum variance analysis of magnetic fields (MVAB) is conventionally implemented to determine the normal vector of a planar magnetic structure (PMS) for which the average of the normal magnetic field component vanishes (i.e.,

B

n

= 0). A more suitable normal vector determination method for single-spacecraft measurements, based on the minimum variance concept, is recommended for PMS studies, namely the MVAB method associated with the constraint

B

n

= 0 (MVABC). An analytical PMS model is employed to verify the performance of the MVAB and MVABC methods for three different types of PMSs, under the circumstances that the

B

n

values are highly fluctuated but the

B

n

remains zero. The results show that MVABC outperforms MVAB in estimating the PMS normal vector. By analyzing a large number of test data sets randomly selected from the original data set, the conclusion remains unchanged. The normal of a PMS discontinuity, which is associated with significant

B

n

fluctuations, is accurately predicted by MVABC and the cross-product method, as compared to MVAB. Moreover, the normal of the discontinuity aligns with the PMS normal, as expected. Two PMS events observed by the Advanced Composition Explorer spacecraft in the sheath of an interplanetary coronal mass ejection are presented. From the MVAB perspective, these two events are not classified as PMSs. The estimated normals of the in situ PMS discontinuities from the cross-product method form angles between 10° and 20° with the predicted PMS normals from MVABC. Discussions are given regarding the failure of the MVAB method in PMS identification.
Juno Observations of Langmuir Waves in Association with Interplanetary Shocks from ~1.3 to ~5.4 au
Authors: Cattell C. , Elliott S. , Hanson E. L. M. , Skogsberg A.
Published: January 2025

Langmuir waves are often observed upstream of planetary bow shocks and interplanetary (IP) shocks. Waveform capture (WFC) measurements, obtained during Juno’s cruise phase, reveal the occurrence of Langmuir waves, as well as other wave modes, in association with IP shocks and IP coronal mass ejections (ICMEs) at distances from ∼1.3 to ∼5.4 au. This is a unique database of ICME/IP shock events with WFCs in the equatorial plane in these radial distances. We identified 12 events when WFCs were obtained within 36 hr upstream of the IP shock/ICME event (10 within less than 10 hr). Langmuir waves were observed at 9, a significantly higher occurrence than has previously been reported using spectral observations from other spacecraft. The larger rate is likely due to the bursty nature of Langmuir waves in combination with the higher time resolution of WFC data compared to spectral data. Observed peak amplitudes of ∼16 mV m−1 (peak to peak) are comparable to those observed upstream of outer planetary bow shocks. The highest peak amplitudes occurred in the strongest shocks (largest magnetic compression) and when waveforms were obtained closest to the shock. Langmuir waves were observed as much as 8 hr upstream. The WFCs provide electron density on rapid time scales, including an increase from ∼0.05 to 0.25 cm−3 in ∼0.01 s across an IP shock ramp. Although electron measurements were not obtained, these observations provide evidence for the energization of electrons at the shock or ICME front and, in some events, for propagation over large distances while maintaining the features in the distributions necessary to destabilize Langmuir waves.
Monopole Fluctuations in Galaxy Surveys
Authors: Yoo Jaiyul , Eisenstein Daniel
Published: January 2025

Galaxy clustering provides a powerful way to probe cosmology. This requires understanding of the background mean density of galaxy samples, which is estimated from the survey itself by averaging the observed galaxy number density over the angular position. The angle average includes not only the background mean density but also the monopole fluctuation at each redshift. Here for the first time we compute the monopole fluctuations in galaxy surveys and investigate their impact on galaxy clustering. The monopole fluctuations vary as a function of redshift, and it is correlated with other fluctuations, affecting the two-point correlation function measurements. In an idealized all-sky survey, the rms fluctuation at z = 0.5 can be as large as 7% of the two-point correlation function in amplitude at the baryonic acoustic oscillation scale, and it becomes smaller than 1% at z > 2. The monopole fluctuations are unavoidable, but they can be modeled. We discuss its relation to the integral constraint and the implications for the galaxy clustering analysis.
Sinocrassula holotricha (Crassulaceae), a new species from Sichuan, China
Authors: Xu Zhi-Bai , Zhao Jing , Li Rong-Juan , Jiang Hong , Wang Jia-Guan , Chen Chao
Published: January 2025

A new species of crassulacean acid metabolism, Sinocrassula holotricha, is described based on specimen collected from Sichuan Province, Southwest China. The new species can be distinguished from its morphologically and phylogenetically related species by the hairy plants and lack of rosette. In the present study, a molecular phylogeny, taxonomic description, distribution information, and photographs of this new species are presented.
Taxonomic status and nomenclature of Tanacetum clusii (Asteraceae, Asteroideae, Anthemideae), with comments on its distribution
Authors: Nachychko Viktor O. , Pachschwöll Clemens , Puşcaş Mihai , Vonica Ghizela , Király Gergely
Published: January 2025

The paper provides nomenclatural and taxonomic accounts on Tanacetum clusii, a diploid species found in the Eastern Alps, the Carpathians, and the Dinarides, as well as comments on its current distribution. A careful examination of historic taxonomic literature showed that the combination T. clusii was first proposed by Kerner and predates a currently used much younger isonym by Soják (1871 vs. 1971). One specimen, a karyovoucher from WU, is designated here as an epitype for the illegitimate name Pyrethrum clusii, upon which Chrysanthemum clusii, the basionym of T. clusii, is based. This designation aims to avoid ambiguity in the taxonomic interpretation of its previously selected lectotype. Based on examining the original material, a voucher from SIB is designated as a lectotype of the synonymic name Chrysanthemum subcorymbosum, a basionym of Tanacetum corymbosum subsp. subcorymbosum. The last name is the only correct one in the rank of subspecies when T. clusii is alternatively treated as a separate subspecies within T. corymbosum s.l. In addition, one specimen from SAMU is designated here as a neotype of Pyrethrum corymbosum f. macrocephalum, a newly discovered heterotypic synonym of T. clusii. The analysis of the current species distribution showed that T. clusii is native to Switzerland (confirmed!), Italy, Austria, Slovenia, Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Hungary (confirmed!), Slovakia, Poland, Ukraine, and Romania. Although currently not accepted for Switzerland in literature, T. clusii could be confirmed for the Swiss canton of the Grisons. The same applies for Hungary where, apart from the Bükk Mts in literature, new localities from the Kőszeg and Mátra Mts are presented here. Additionally, the presence of T. clusii in Bulgaria, the Czech Republic, France, Greece, Montenegro and Turkey has not been confirmed and recorded mistakenly in different sources.
Transdisciplinary techno-artistic experience in university teacher training
Authors: Soto González María Dolores , Rodríguez López Ramona
Published: January 2025

This study presents a transdisciplinary techno-artistic experience conducted with students of the degree in Preschool Education from the University of Valencia. The experience seeks to promote the use of technologies with a contemporary approach through new creative forms such as sound-visual cartographies. The objective is to understand the students' perception of these transdisciplinary experiences that combine art and technology and to evaluate the contribution of new knowledge, ICT skills, and reflection in the teaching and learning process. To evaluate the practice, a validated questionnaire was applied to 120 students, using a quantitative methodology with 8 scales and a total of 48 items.The analysis dimensions are the following: developed reflective skills, levels of reflective thinking, learning process, awareness of students’ own learning, the role of the teacher, connection of theory and practice in learning and experience, and innovation and adaptation to teaching objectives and competences. The results show how the activity helps university students acquire digital skills, develop their creativity, and understand the process of autonomous technological learning and reflective self-awareness, as well as the value of collaborative group work.
Recommendations for designing collaborative activities in online higher education: a systematic review
Authors: Ransanz Reyes Elisabeth , Arana-Cuenca Ainhoa , Manzanal Martínez Ana Isabel
Published: January 2025

Online learning, especially in higher education, has grown in recent years and the study of its didactic implications has also increased. Online experiences have been found to be as successful as face-to-face ones, but there is a concern about a lack of social interaction among students. This makes it necessary for teachers to plan collaborative activities. Therefore, the aim of the present work is to analyse the main design features of collaborative activities that have been reported as successful in higher education. A total of 46 articles published between the years 2018 and 2023 were analysed in a systematic review based on the PRISMA Statement. Their main elements were grouped into three categories: contextual factors; pedagogical strategies; and ICT tools and resources that favour the development of such activities. By way of conclusion, recommendations for the design and instruction of a collaborative higher education activity in an online environment are presented.
Health Care Costs After Lumbar Fusion and Disk Replacement for Diskogenic Pain
Authors: Nin Darren Z. , Chen Ya-Wen , Kim David H. , Niu Ruijia , Travers Hannah , Chang David C. , Hwang Raymond W.
Published: January 2025

Background

Lumbar fusion is the most common surgical intervention for chronic or severe low back pain. However, lumbar disk replacement (LDR) may be appropriate for certain patients. The objective of this study was to describe the postoperative management costs associated with both lumbar fusion and LDR in the 2-year period after surgery.

Materials and Methods

An observational cohort study was conducted using the Merative MarketScan databases. Patients who underwent lumbar fusion or LDR between January 1, 2017, and December 31, 2017, were identified and included in the study. The primary outcome was the cost of payments for physical therapy, pain medication, injections, and bladder management in the 2-year period after surgery.

Results

A total of 1660 patients (mean age, 50.1±10.6 years; lumbar fusion, 99%; LDR, 1%) were included in the study. The mean total cost of postoperative interventions identified was $2832±$5461 per patient, with no differences found between patients for identified interventions. The mean 30-day episode-of-care cost was $65,777±$40,869 and was similar (
P
=.894) between the two groups of patients. The main driver of cost was physical therapy for both groups of patients (lumbar fusion, 53.7%; LDR, 64.9%).

Conclusion

Patients who underwent lumbar fusion and LDR had similar postoperative management costs. The shorter recovery periods associated with LDR may not necessarily translate into reduced long-term health care expenditure. [
Orthopedics
. 202x;4x(x):xx–xx.]
Evaluating the Evolution of ChatGPT as an Information Resource in Shoulder and Elbow Surgery
Authors: Nieves-Lopez Benjamin , Bechtle Alexandra R. , Traverse Jennifer , Klifto Christopher , Schoch Bradley S. , Aziz Keith T.
Published: January 2025

Background

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the performance and evolution of Chat Generative Pre-Trained Transformer (ChatGPT; OpenAI) as a resource for shoulder and elbow surgery information by assessing its accuracy on the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons shoulder-elbow self-assessment questions. We hypothesized that both ChatGPT models would demonstrate proficiency and that there would be significant improvement with progressive iterations.

Materials and Methods

A total of 200 questions were selected from the 2019 and 2021 American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons shoulder-elbow self-assessment questions. ChatGPT 3.5 and 4 were used to evaluate all questions. Questions with non-text data were excluded (114 questions). Remaining questions were input into ChatGPT and categorized as follows: anatomy, arthroplasty, basic science, instability, miscellaneous, nonoperative, and trauma. ChatGPT's performances were quantified and compared across categories with chi-square tests. The continuing medical education credit threshold of 50% was used to determine proficiency. Statistical significance was set at
P
<.05.

Results

ChatGPT 3.5 and 4 answered 52.3% and 73.3% of the questions correctly, respectively (
P
=.003). ChatGPT 3.5 performed significantly better in the instability category (
P
=.037). ChatGPT 4's performance did not significantly differ across categories (
P
=.841). ChatGPT 4 performed significantly better than ChatGPT 3.5 in all categories except instability and miscellaneous.

Conclusion

ChatGPT 3.5 and 4 exceeded the proficiency threshold. ChatGPT 4 performed better than ChatGPT 3.5, showing an increased capability to correctly answer shoulder and elbow-focused questions. Further refinement of ChatGPT's training may improve its performance and utility as a resource. Currently, ChatGPT remains unable to answer questions at a high enough accuracy to replace clinical decision-making. [
Orthopedics
. 202x;4x(x):xx–xx.]
Randomized collective choices based on a fractional tournament
Authors: Sprumont Yves
Published: January 2025

An
extension rule assigns to each fractional tournament
x (specifying, for every pair of social alternatives
a and
b, the proportion
x

ab
of voters who prefer
a to
b) a random choice function
y (specifying a collective choice probability distribution for each subset of alternatives), which chooses
a from {
a,
b} with probability
x

ab
.

There exist multiple neutral and stochastically rationalizable extension rules. Both linearity (requiring that
y be an affine function of
x) and independence of irrelevant comparisons (asking that the probability distribution on a subset of alternatives depend only on the restriction of the fractional tournament to that subset) are incompatible with very weak properties implied by stochastic rationalizability.

We identify a class of maximal domains, which we call
sequentially binary, guaranteeing that every fractional tournament arising from a population of voters with preferences in such a domain has a unique admissible stochastically rationalizable extension.
Mind, Language, Work
Authors: Cejvan Ervik
Published: January 2025

If AI is to emulate the language, mind, and work of humans, what remains of being human? One scenario is that humans are at risk of becoming robots of AI-powered systems, serving the interests of a few global corporations. We have already reached this stage of transformation. Given this predicament, the issues concerning the capacity of AI beyond the human should be addressed through a critique of AI ideology. Methodically, this would imply a shift in perspective, from the subject of AI to the function and deceptive power of its intelligent devices. Do they serve us or do we serve them? Here, it is important not to follow the standard approach to AI as the prospect of creating super- human intelligence, to avoid the trap of basing the critique on the discourse of AI ideology. The goal, rather, is to revive the strength of philosophical critique and reestablish a certain idealism.
Religion, Power, and Place: Three Muslim Women’s Stories in Old Delhi
Authors: Menon Kalyani Devaki
Published: January 2025

Affected by the intersection of their religious, class, and gender identities, Muslim women experience both economic and political marginalization in India, and gendered inequalities in the public and private spheres. In this context, they are often depicted as helpless victims, not as agents who draw on available resources to effect change. Moreover, obscuring the very real political and economic forces that create precarity in the lives of Muslim women, Islam is often constructed as the primary force inhibiting women’s agency and power. Drawing on ethnographic fieldwork with Old Delhi’s diverse Muslims to problematize such representations, I show how religion creates space for women to reimagine and re-inscribe their lives. I focus on three Muslim women who represent different class, educational, and sectarian backgrounds to examine how they variously draw on religion to make place for themselves and their communities. Each case reveals the centrality of religion as a source of power in women’s lives, inspiring their actions, bolstering their hopes for a different future, and creating an arena where they try to effect change. Their stories force us to reconfigure notions of agency, and challenge stereotypes about Islam and Muslim women that prevail in India and elsewhere.
Utilité des recherches sur « l’activité et l’expérience » pour former à l’intervention en Éducation physique : illustration dans le Programme de Recherche du Cours d’action
Authors: Nathalie Gal-Petitfaux
Published: January 2025

Cet article interroge les rapports entre les activités de recherche et les pratiques d’intervention, en se questionnant sur l’utilité sociale de la recherche en formation d’enseignants. Il étudie les rapports entre le champ des recherches optant pour une « entrée activité et expérience » et le champ des pratiques professionnelles d’enseignement de l’Éducation physique. La première partie montre comment les concepts d’activité et d’expérience sont devenus des objets « frontière » entre la recherche sur l’intervention et la formation, notamment dans le contexte de professionnalisation de la formation des enseignants. La deuxième partie illustre l’utilisation de concepts, de méthodes et de résultats issus du Programme de Recherche du Cours d’action – PRCA – (Theureau, 1992, 2004) dans la formation d’étudiants de licence STAPS. L’auteur discute les apports, les conditions et les limites de l’usage des recherches « Cours d’action » en formation.
Du feu à l’incendie
Authors: Chalvet Martine
Published: January 2025

Entre le début du xixe siècle et les années 1960, les perceptions, les usages et la prévention des feux de végétation se transforment profondément en Provence. Désormais, les incendies de forêts sont étudiés, inventoriés et donnent lieu à une nouvelle politique publique. Au xixe siècle, il s’agit de protéger le capital économique des Maures et de l’Esterel. Au xxe siècle, il s’agit de sauvegarder le paysage et l’écosystème de la forêt méditerranéenne vus comme dégradés. Fondée sur les archives judiciaires, communales et forestières du Var mais aussi sur différentes publications agricoles, forestières et scientifiques, cette étude historique est aussi l’occasion d’analyser la construction du récit sur les incendies de forêts et les feux agricoles et pastoraux.
Feux de brousse et écobuage
Authors: Toussaint Marie
Published: January 2025

En Nouvelle-Calédonie, deux termes « feux de brousse » et « écobuage » dominent le champ lexical lorsque l’on parle du feu et notamment des incendies, dont ils seraient à l’origine. À partir d’un travail ethnographique, bibliographique et lexicographique, cet article propose une lecture historique et critique de leur apparition en contexte océanien depuis les premiers récits des explorateurs, naturalistes et autres aventuriers pour les feux de brousse jusqu’à l’usage actuel administratif de l’écobuage. Il montre que ces termes renvoient, à tort, à des pratiques mal maîtrisées du feu, potentiellement dangereuses et découlant d’une supposée « mentalité indigène ». Autant de stéréotypes coloniaux foncièrement racistes que cet article met au jour.
Quand les socialistes français se souviennent de leurs guerres
Authors: Castagnez Noëlline
Published: January 2025

Pourquoi la mémoire est-elle au cœur de l’identité des socialistes ? Et comment participent-ils à la mémoire collective des Français au second xxe siècle ? Cultiver le souvenir de leurs guerres, tant celles où ils ont combattu en patriotes que celles où ils ont défendu leur idéal, ne flatte pas toujours leur narcissisme et relève parfois du masochisme. Si la Révolution française, la Commune, le Front populaire et la Résistance sont des lieux de mémoire qu’ils chérissent, la guerre d’Espagne leur laisse un goût amer, et l’Algérie un sentiment de honte qui les disperse en 1958. François Mitterrand, qui a toujours su recomposer son propre passé, fait le tri dans leurs mémoires à partir de 1971. Héroïsant les uns – Jaurès et Blum – bannissant les autres – Paul Faure et Guy Mollet – il homogénéise le parti d’Épinay et en fait un instrument de conquête. Alors pourquoi, après mai 1981, les nouvelles générations ne peuvent-elles comprendre sa politique mémorielle ?Jouant sur les échelles, ce livre confronte la mémoire de la direction du PS avec celles de ses fédérations, municipalités et territoires. Pour la première fois, il saisit un processus majeur d’acculturation des militants au socialisme en étudiant leurs commémorations, leurs symboles, les monuments et toponymes qu’ils ont durablement inscrits dans nos paysages. En comparant enfin les pratiques mémorielles des socialistes avec celles de leurs adversaires communistes et gaullistes, cet ouvrage éclaire d’un jour nouveau notre mémoire d’après-guerre.
Lamennais
Authors: Milbach Sylvain
Published: January 2025

Le parcours de Félicité Lamennais a fasciné ses contemporains, et n’a cessé de fasciner depuis sa mort, comme le prouve la production ininterrompue de travaux à son sujet. Successivement, théoricien d’un catholicisme contre-révolutionnaire, inventeur du catholicisme libéral et promoteur d’une République sociale chrétienne, il semble être passé par toutes les couleurs de l’arc-en-ciel idéologique et croyant de son temps. Le présent ouvrage s’efforce de dégager cette figure des interprétations polémiques et des passions, et entend restituer la continuité de sa pensée en dépit de la spectaculaire versatilité qui a nourri sa légende. Cette biographie de Lamennais est aussi une radiographie de son époque, et requiert de tenir compte de la réception de ses œuvres dans toutes les nuances de l’opinion, en France et en Europe. Si Lamennais n’a pas fait école, c’est parce que son indépendance d’esprit radicale a empêché de s’en revendiquer sans nuances. Et pourtant, son nom a toujours resurgi lors des tensions ou des reconfigurations politico-religieuses, quand il s’agissait de repenser l’articulation du fait croyant avec les libertés modernes et l’exercice de la démocratie.
Faire et défaire la virilité
Authors: Serna Élodie
Published: January 2025

Bien que la stérilisation masculine soit encore une méthode contraceptive marginale en France, son histoire est longue de plus d’un siècle. Dans l’entre-deux-guerres, la vasectomie est employée dans un cadre thérapeutique pour rajeunir et fortifier. En parallèle, l’eugénisme promeut sa simplicité et son efficacité pour encourager la sélection des naissances. Au même moment, des opérations s’organisent clandestinement pour permettre aux hommes de limiter le nombre de leurs enfants. Selon les intentions et les statuts des opérateurs et des opérés, la stérilisation masculine volontaire est diversement connotée et on lui attribue tour à tour le pouvoir de faire et de défaire la virilité.À partir d’archives concernant neuf pays d’Europe, Faire et défaire la virilité offre un récit inédit d’un épisode méconnu de l’histoire des masculinités. Au croisement de l’histoire de la médecine, de l’eugénisme et de l’anarchisme, il interroge la matérialité de la virilité et montre de quelle manière le corps masculin est au cœur d’enjeux politiques et sociaux qui continuent de résonner.
Les petites villes et le monde agricole
Authors: Marache Corinne
Published: January 2025

Ce livre étudie les liens multiformes et souvent méconnus que les petites villes françaises du xixe siècle, trop délaissées par l’historiographie, entretiennent avec les territoires agricoles. En quoi les transformations du secteur agricole de ce siècle qui a connu de profondes mutations sont étroitement liées aux actions menées par des acteurs et structures des petites villes ?Comment ces transformations contribuent-elles en retour aux changements socioéconomiques et architecturaux des petites villes ? De nombreux artisans et commerçants, mais aussi les médecins, vétérinaires, pharmaciens, notaires, juges de paix, percepteurs, etc., participent au processus de modernisation agricole tout en vivant dans les petites villes. Points de rencontre entre différents représentants du monde agricole, elles hébergent maintes structures au service de sa modernisation. Carrefours de communication et d’échanges, elles représentent des lieux stratégiques de consommation, commercialisation, transit, transformation et valorisation des productions agricoles. Les petites villes du monde rural sont profondément imprégnées par le secteur agricole, qui rythme nombre de leurs activités et façonne leur morphologie, à l’heure où elles se calquent pourtant sur un modèle urbain en plein essor. Campagnes et petites villes sont bien les parties complémentaires d’un tout, d’un système productif inscrit dans un territoire composite et interdépendant, qui ne saurait être réduit à un rapport dominant-dominé.
Rennes et la Vilaine, la ville et son fleuve de l’Antiquité tardive à la fin du Moyen Âge
Authors: Beuchet Laurent , Millet Marie
Published: January 2025

Les rapports entre la ville de Rennes et le fleuve qui la traverse, la Vilaine, ont fait l’objet de peu d’études archéologiques et historiques jusqu’à récemment. La fouille de la place Saint-Germain, en bordure immédiate du fleuve, a été l’occasion d’aborder cette question, à partir de l’étude pluridisciplinaire d’une stratigraphie puissante, en milieu humide. Elle est complétée par les informations d’une fouille récente, située face à la place Saint-Germain, sur la rive opposée. Cette première approche brosse les grands traits de l’évolution des aménagements du fleuve. Un premier franchissement est mis en place, en lien avec l’établissement de la ville antique. Les premiers aménagements du cours d’eau sont perceptibles dès le haut Moyen Âge et se multiplient avec le développement urbain, d’abord sur la rive droite, puis sur la rive opposée, notamment lors de la construction de deux enceintes successives.
Évolution de l’espace urbain alluvial et fluvial d’Amiens (Somme) du ive au xve s. : apports, complémentarité et confrontation des sources archéologiques et écrites
Authors: Cloquier Christophe , Jonvel Richard
Published: January 2025

Du nom antique de la civitas des Ambiens, Samarobriva, qui signifiait « ponts sur la Somme », à la désignation de « petite Venise » par Louis XI au xve s., Amiens fut inévitablement marquée par le milieu fluvial. Établie entre la double confluence de la Somme et de l’Avre, vers l’amont, et celle de la Somme et de la Selle, vers l’aval, elle fut logiquement prise en exemple par André Guillerme dans Les temps de l’eau. En effet, les sources archéologiques et documentaires font état des nombreux liens qui unissent la ville à son fleuve et son principal affluent, l’Avre. Durant le Haut-Empire, la civitas Ambianorum s’étendait en fond de vallée alluviale, le long de la voie de l’Océan. Cette urbanisation, aux traces matérielles révélées par les derniers travaux archéologiques, est masquée par d’épais sédiments alluviaux limono-tourbeux, déposés durant les ive-vie s. Cette phase de recul important de l’agglomération amiénoise est marquée par une nouvelle dynamique hydrographique qui, au cours des ixe-xe s., est progressivement intégrée au développement de la ville médiévale.L’évolution de cet espace urbain en milieu alluvial et fluvial bénéficie d’un éclairage étonnant obtenu par des éléments archéologiques, principalement issus de l’archéologie préventive, et des sources documentaires, particulièrement explicites. Il en est ainsi de la donation de douze moulins, entretenus par les évêques d’Amiens sur autant de canaux et attestés pour la première fois par un document de 1059. Cette lecture croisée, questionnant aussi la nature des sources matérielles et documentaires disponibles, souhaite ouvrir une réflexion d’ordre économique et politique sur l’importance des aménagements fluviaux et sur le dynamisme de la ville d’Amiens à partir du xie s.
Les habitants et l’eau dans la ville de Vendôme du xe au xve s. : entre usages et structuration de l’espace
Authors: Simon Gaël
Published: January 2025

Vendôme est ce que l’on peut nommer une « petite Venise », dont le réseau hydraulique relativement dense et complexe (plus de 11 km de canaux sur une distance de 2,3 km entre la première et la dernière dérivation du Loir à son apogée au xviie s.) s’est mis en place progressivement et principalement entre la fin du xe s. et la fin du xve s. Le creusement de ces nombreux canaux répondait à des besoins divers et variés tels que l’installation de systèmes de défense aux xe, xie et xiiie s., l’utilisation de la puissance motrice de l’eau pour les sept moulins du xie s. et les dix-sept du xve s., les ressources halieutiques, la fabrication du cuir ou encore la lutte contre les crues fréquentes. Ce réseau et ses usages ne résultent pas d’une seule autorité, mais d’une multitude d’acteurs aux intérêts divers qui semblent négocier au jour le jour leur usage. Le dossier vendômois permet également d’enrichir les études sur la fabrique urbaine et plus précisément sur la résilience des formes comme celle des paléochenaux en montrant comment la forme d’un paléochenal du Loir s’est transmise sur plusieurs millénaires en étant constamment réactivée pour des fonctions diverses et successives (fossés de lutte contre les inondations, système de défense, approvisionnement des moulins, etc.).
The Crucial Role of General Dental Practitioners in Oral Health Promotion and Prevention in Sri Lanka
Authors: Wickramasinghe D.
Published: January 2025

No abstract available
Correlation of Head Circumference with Body Mass Index in A Group of Elderly Sri Lankan Population
Authors: Ilayperuma I. , Prabodha L. B. L. , Nanayakkara B. C. I. J. , Nanayakkara B. G.
Published: January 2025

Introduction: Accurate estimation of the body mass index (BMI) is important in assessing nutritional status, risk of myriad of medical conditions including hypertension, coronary heart disease, adult-onset diabetes mellitus and dementia. However, emergency settings and immobility make it difficult to obtain personal stature and weight using standard methods. Thus, the need for an alternate method of BMI prediction arises. Objective: Goal of this study was to propose population, age and gender specific regression formula for BMI estimation using HC for an elderly Sri Lankan population. Material & methods: Personal stature, weight and HC was recorded in a total of 156 cadavers (age: 55 – 89 years);(male: n=74; female: n=82). Results: The HC (cm) (male: 54.09 ± 3.28; female: 52.88 ± 2.83) was significantly different (P< 0.01) between the genders. There was no statistically significant difference between mean BMI (Kg/m2) of male (20.32 ± 4.08) and female (20.93 ± 2.20). Correlation coefficient between HC and BMI was 0.09 in males and 0.04 in females indicating a weak positive linear relationship between the two parameters. Linear regression formulae for the prediction of BMI using HC were derived as follows: male: 14.04 + 0.15(HC); female: 20.03 + 0.02(HC).Discussion: BMI prediction formulae that require a measuring tape as the only tool to record the HC provide a simple, cost effective and objective method for patients who are unable to stand or weighed. Accurate prediction of BMI will in turn reduce potential errors in pharmacological interventions that may occur when it is estimated only by visual observation in emergency settings. Complementary studies are necessary to evaluate the applicability of these equations in other age groups too.
Meditation: re-discovered tool for the health of mind and body
Authors: Gunathunga Wasantha
Published: January 2025

No abstract available
Conventional Chondrosarcoma in the Hyoid Bone: A Rare Case Report
Authors: Jayasekara S. , Madhusanka I. , Shanmuganathan S.
Published: January 2025

Background: Chondrosarcoma is a rare malignant tumour of cartilaginous origin, with occurrences in the hyoid bone being exceedingly uncommon. Its rarity often complicates accurate diagnosis.Case Presentation: A 62-year-old male presented with a progressively enlarging, firm, non-tender lump below the left mandible. Despite imaging (CECT) suggesting Plasmacytoma or Giant Cell Tumor and FNAC indicating a salivary gland neoplastic lesion, a definitive diagnosis remained elusive. Excisional biopsy ultimately confirmed a grade 1 chondrosarcoma of the hyoid bone.Conclusion: This case highlights the diagnostic challenges of hyoid chondrosarcoma due to its nonspecific clinical and imaging features, emphasizing the importance of histopathology for accurate diagnosis and management.
Maternal, fetal, and perinatal outcomes of COVID-19-infected pregnancies in Saudi Arabia: a meta-analysis and systematic review
Authors: Alwazzan Ahmad
Published: January 2025

The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has been researched in various conditions to know the extent of its damage. During pregnancy, there is a placental exchange of blood between mother and fetus. This meta-analysis aimed to investigate the prevalence of maternal, fetal, and perinatal outcomes of COVID-19-positive pregnancy cases in Saudi Arabia. PubMed, Google Scholar, and Web of Science were searched for the period 2019-2024. Pregnancy cases only from Saudi Arabia and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction confirmed COVID-19 positive were included. Women with any other diseases were excluded. Six studies were selected for meta-analysis with a total of 1065 COVID-19-infected pregnancies. Among the maternal conditions, preterm rupture of membrane (PROM) had the highest prevalence [odds ratio (OR)=4.21; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.4-7]. Among fetal outcomes, the odds of postpartum anomalies were 4.8 (95% CI: 1.3-11). Intrapartum complications among perinatal outcomes were most likely to occur (OR=2.11; 95% CI: 120.9-125.1). No factual trend for a particular condition can be declared. PROM, postpartum, and intrapartum complications were more likely to occur in COVID-19-infected pregnancies.
Analgesic effect of intravesical lignocaine in urology surgery: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Ng Ka T. , Lim Wei E. , Teoh Wan Y. , Fadzli Ahmad N. B. , Abidin Mohd F. B. Z.
Published: January 2025

Background and Aims:

Recent trials showed that transurethral lignocaine for bladder irrigation provides excellent analgesic effects and can minimise catheter-related bladder discomfort. The primary objective was to determine the efficacy of intravesical lignocaine on the incidence of catheter-related bladder discomfort in adult patients undergoing urologic surgery.

Methods:

The MEDLINE, EMBASE, and CENTRAL databases were searched from their start date until December 2024. Randomised clinical trials (RCTs) were included, comparing intravesical lignocaine and control for bladder irrigation in adults undergoing urological surgery. The odds ratio (OR) of the incidence of severe, moderate, and mild catheter-related bladder discomfort and the incidence of rescue analgesia were assessed. The revised Cochrane risk-of-bias tool for RCTs was applied to evaluate the risk of bias in all included studies. GRADEpro was used to evaluate the quality of the evidence.

Results:

Compared to the control group, our pooled analysis of three RCTs showed that intravesical lignocaine significantly reduced the incidence of severe catheter-related bladder discomfort (OR: 0.27, 95% confidence interval (Cl): 0.12, 0.58, P = 0.0008, grade of evidence: low) and the incidence of moderate catheter-related bladder discomfort (OR: 0.31, 95% Cl: 0.14, 0.67, P = 0.003, grade of evidence: low). It also statistically decreased the incidence of rescue analgesia (OR: 0.06, 95% Cl: 0.02, 0.15, P < 0.00001, grade of evidence: low).

Conclusions:

The intravesical administration of lignocaine statistically reduced moderate and severe catheter-related bladder discomfort. There was a significant decrease in the number of patients requiring rescue analgesia in the intravesical lignocaine group.
Mini Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy in a 7-month-old Infant Weighing 5.9 kg
Authors: Matippa Prasanna , Krishnappa Pramod , Krishnamoorthy Venkatesh
Published: January 2025

A 7 month-1-day-old female child weighing 5.9 kg who presented with bilateral renal calculi and left ureteric calculus underwent bilateral mini (15 Fr) percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) and left ureterorenoscopy laser lithotripsy without any complications. This case report highlights the safety and efficacy of mini PCNL in the infant population using miniature endoscopes in dedicated pediatric urology centers of excellence.
Spontaneous Rupture of Pelvicalyceal System in a Horseshoe Kidney Presenting as Acute Abdomen
Authors: Danish Syed , Puthalath Rajeev Thekke
Published: January 2025

Horseshoe kidney is the most common congenital renal fusion anomaly. It is more prone to complications such as pelviureteric junction obstruction and renal stones. Spontaneous rupture of the urinary collecting with urinoma has never been reported in a horseshoe kidney in literature. Spontaneous rupture of the renal pelvis is a rare event even in orthotopic kidneys and can be due to obstructing calculus. Spontaneous rupture in the horseshoe kidney can mimic acute abdominal conditions. We report a case of a 29-year-old man who presented in the emergency department with severe mid-abdominal pain. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) evaluation of the abdomen showed contrast extravasation outside the right pelvicalyceal system with pelviureteric junction obstruction in a horseshoe kidney with extensive collection in the subhepatic, subdiaphragmatic, and right pleural region. The patient underwent a double-J stent placement which was followed by complete healing of the urinary leak and underwent definitive open pyeloplasty after 3 months. Diagnosis and therapeutic challenges in this rare case are being discussed.
Metastasis to Breast: A Clinical and Diagnostic Challenge
Authors: Mahindra Shraddha Rajan , Kinkhede Devika , Pangarkar Meena , Pagey Radhika , Deulkar Shweta , Devi Yogita , Vaidya Abhishek , Pathak Anand
Published: January 2025

Metastases to the breast account for 0.2%–1.3% of malignant tumors of the breast. Hence, diagnosing metastasis to the breast is very important as treatment usually is systemic or palliative and it also avoids unnecessary radical surgery. In our case, a 72-year-old female presented with a lump in her left breast. Positron emission tomography/computed tomography also revealed multiple lesions in the thyroid, bones, and lungs including breast lesion. The clinical impression was widely metastatic carcinoma of the breast. Immunohistochemistry to our surprise led to a diagnosis of metastasis of medullary thyroid carcinoma. Metastases of medullary carcinoma of the thyroid are most commonly seen in the lungs, liver, and bones. Its metastasis to the breast is very rare. Very few cases have been reported so far. In case of multiple lesions with an occult primary and an unusual morphology, one must be alert regarding the possibility of metastasis to the breast, thereby avoiding misdiagnosis.
Immunohistochemistry Expression of Chemokine Ligand 14, Periostin, and Suppressor of Mothers against Decapentaplegic 2 in High-grade Serous Carcinoma of Ovary and Its Potential Clinical Utility
Authors: Pagey Radhika , Iyer Shraddha Mahindra , Pathak Anand , Devi Yogita , Deulkar Shweta , Jain Tanushri , Wagh Uttara , Pangarkar Meena
Published: January 2025

Introduction:

High-grade serous carcinoma of the ovary is the second most common cause of death from gynecological cancers. The debate about the sequence of treatment choice, between surgery and neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) continues due to the lack of substantial evidence and biomarkers for determination of surgical outcome. The present study is conducted to evaluate chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand14 (CXCL14), periostin (POSTN), and suppressor of mothers against decapentaplegic 2 (SMAD2) expression on immunohistochemistry (IHC) and to find out the association of these markers with the disease outcome.

Materials and Methods:

This was a retrospective and observational study of a total number of 57 patients of operated high-grade serous carcinoma of the ovary. IHC was performed on pre-NACT tissue samples including ascitic fluid cell blocks and core biopsies using Roche Ventana Benchmark XT autostainer.

Results:

Using the mean Q score as cutoff value, we found cutoff value for CXCL 14, POSTN, and SMAD2 expression as 155.44, 52.32, and 116.93, respectively. CXCL14 expression was found to be significantly associated with T staging (P = 0.0187). POSTN expression was associated with short disease-free survival only after multivariate analysis (P = 0.012). SMAD2 expression was significantly associated with the mesenteric deposit (P = 0.0229). High CXCL14 expression was associated with short disease-free survival (P = 0.020).

Conclusion:

CXCL14 expression can be used as a potential prognostic tool in High-grade serous carcinoma of the ovary. Evaluation of these surrogate IHC markers of inherent aggressive tumor biology did not show an association with surgical outcome in a limited sample size of tumors with suboptimal debulking and needs further evaluation to find out as a preoperative determinant of surgical outcome in clinical practice.