bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Research on the Control Mode of Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition Combustion Working Process and Its Technical Prospect
Authors: Chen Sirui , Deng Yichen , Ma Zhuojun , Zhang Yujing
Published: November 2021

The homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI) engine is considered an advanced technique, a form of internal combustion in which well-mixed fuel and oxidizer (typically air) are compressed to the point of auto-ignition. HCCI engines have higher thermal efficiency and lower emissions than Spark Ignition (SI) and Compression Ignition (CI) engines. The emissions of NOx can be neglected compared to the CI engine. In addition, a wide variety of fuels, combinations of fuels and alternative fuels can be used in this type of internal combustion engine. Moreover, when investigating the heat release rate of a HCCI engine for both single- and two-stage ignition fuels, the results show that for both fuel types, the cycle changes in the ignition and combustion phases increase with the delay of the combustion phase. Also, the cycle change of iso-octane (the single-stage ignition fuel) is higher than that of PRF80 (the two-stage ignition fuel). This paper will first introduce the control mode of the HCCI engine and then review its current status from the perspective of combustion, emissions, and consumption. After presenting the current status, the authors present suggestions about the prospect of further development with respect to the timing of ignition, the expansion of the engine operating range, and the choice of fuel mixture in this new mode of technology.
Influence of Floating Ring Seal Working Condition Parameters on the Dynamic Characteristics of Transient Gas Film
Authors: Xu Lishan , Zhang Weizheng , Lu Junjie , Liu Zhu
Published: November 2021

The high requirements for sealing performance in high-speed rotating machinery has led to the design of floating seal with annular spiral groove that offer the advantages of low leakage and extended stability. However, efforts to model the dynamic performance of these floating seal have suffered from the great complexity of the flow field. The present work addresses this issue by establishing a transient Reynolds formulation of a floating seal with annular spiral groove in a rotating coordinate system based on the small perturbation method. In addition, the influence of radial eccentricity and film thickness on the solution divergence and calculation accuracy is calculated. The dynamic stiffness and dynamic damping matrixes are built. Then the variation rules of the dynamic stiffness and damping coefficient of the gas film with structure and working conditions are investigated in detail. The results show that the floating ring seal is more suitable for the service conditions of small film thickness, low pressure, high speed and large eccentricity. Accordingly, the results obtained lay a theoretical foundation for evaluating real-world applications of floating ring seal.
Stress Analysis of HCPB BB under Ex-Vessel LOCA Condition
Authors: Dai Mengdi , Wang Xiaomo
Published: November 2021

Helium Cooled Pebble Bed Breeding Blanket (HCPB BB) is a kind of concept for the European demonstration fusion reactor (DEMO). The blanket attachment system plays an important role in the mechanical connection of the BB and vacuum vessel. Typically, the mechanical and thermal loads should meet the requirement to avoid collapse of the system with off-normal conditions, e.g., under ex-vessel Loss of Coolant Accident (LOCA. This paper investigates the loading requirement corresponding to the maximum stress that can sustain to avoid the LOCA condition. Firstly, a model of the BB is constructed using SolidWorks. Then, stress analysis is carried out based on the cross section of the blanket. Through simulation, the critical condition for the LOCA case and the maximum stress value for the model are obtained. According to the relevant size dimension from the reference, the blanket’s cross section is drawn, and one can get the stress field under the ex-vessel LOCA through stress analysis. The stress distribution under the ex-vessel LOCA condition is simulated to find out the maximum stress field that the blanket can sustain through this paper. The significance is to predict the possible conditions leading to an accident and find possible methods to avoid them.
Stability analysis of microgrid inverter off-grid mode considering nonlinear load
Authors: Shi Xiaoyan , Wang Bin , Yu Shuijuan
Published: November 2021

With the large-scale utilization of distributed generation in microgrid, inverter as the connection hub of new energy grid connection, directly affects the operation performance of microgrid. In order to improve the output voltage quality and load capacity of the inverter in the off-grid mode of distributed energy, the stability region of the inverter with load is analyzed by using the impedance analysis method of cascade converter and control theory. The quasi proportional resonant (QPR) double loop control is adopted to realize no static error tracking voltage while increasing bandwidth, and the influence of control parameters on performance is analyzed. At the same time, in order to improve the capacity of inverter with nonlinear load, odd harmonics are introduced into the controller to suppress the influence of low harmonics of load current on output voltage. Finally, the influence of inverter output impedance change, load level, controller parameters and filter parameters on system stability is analyzed through impedance ratio Nyquist curve, which provides corresponding theoretical support and parameter optimization reference for the design of actual system.
Experimental study on pore forming characteristics of simulated hydrate broken by high pressure water jet
Authors: Dai Zijian , Liao Hualin , Yang Ke , Sun Feng
Published: November 2021

Natural gas hydrate is a research hotspot at present. However, the current exploitation technology can’t meet the demand of commercial exploitation of natural gas hydrate. In order to improve the efficiency of hydrate production, this paper believes that the idea of using high-pressure water jets for sandblasting perforation is expected to constitute an effective way to extract natural gas hydrates. The experimental study on sandblasting perforation and hydraulic slitting of simulated reservoirs was carried out by using large-scale ground fracturing equipment and full-scale hydraulic blasting perforating equipment. The driving pressure is analysed under the action of high-pressure water jet. The influence of diameter on the effect of simulated reservoir fracture. The results show that the diameter of the perforation increases with the increase of pressure; This experimental study can provide an experimental basis for the use of abrasive jet blasting perforating technology to improve the efficiency of natural gas hydrate production.
Study on impulse and ablation of aluminum irradiated by millimeter spot of short pulse laser
Authors: Li Mingyu , Ye Jifei , Mao Chentao , Wang Sibo , Yu Chenghao
Published: November 2021

Aluminum is a high performance working medium for laser ablation micro propulsion. In order to study the propulsion performance and ablation of aluminum under millimeter light spot irradiation, a short pulse Nd: YAG laser with wavelength of 1064nm and pulse width of 8NS was used to irradiate aluminum target in atmosphere. The impulse, the impulse coupling coefficient and the ablation morphology of the aluminum target produced by 6 kinds of millimeter-level light spots are measured. The experimental results show that when the spot diameter reaches 6-7mm, the increasing trend of impulse and impulse coupling coefficient of aluminum target with the increase of laser energy slows down; A large number of ablation products began to accumulate on the surface of the target pit.
Numerical simulation of the effect of different NaCl concent on boiler flame combustion process
Authors: Cheng Zhihai , Wang Jiahao , Han Xinhai
Published: November 2021

Zhundong coal has been widely concerned because of its high alkali metal content, which brings great danger to the combustion of boiler. Therefore, it is extremely necessary to study the laws and characteristics of alkali metal influencing combustion in the burning process of zhundong coal. A gas-solid two-phase flow combustion model of pulverized coal containing NaCl was established by using Fluent software and FactSage software in a hot experimental combustion furnace. The influence of different NaCl content in pulverized coal on pulverized coal combustion process was discussed. The results show that with the increase of NaCl content in pulverized coal from 0 to 1% and 2%, the flame center temperature in the furnace increases about 80°C and 120°C under the same coal content, so it can be concluded that the increase of NaCl content can promote the combustion process of pulverized coal in the furnace. At the same time, it can be calculated that, with the increase of NaCl content, the flame range of the combustion region inside the furnace increases by 1/3. Because NaCl is decomposed by heat during combustion to help combustion, and the radiation heat transfer increases, the flame radiation range inside the furnace will increase.
Experimental Analysis on Mechanical Properties of Aluminum Conductor Steel-reinforced for Transmission Line
Authors: Li Xing , Zhang Jian , Wang Haochen , Liu Chuanbin , Liu Yuhui , Guo Chenrui
Published: November 2021

Under the background of “carbon neutralization”, the power transmission quality of power grid transmission lines becomes more and more important. This paper discusses the mechanical properties of aluminum conductor steel reinforced(ACSR), the main medium of electric energy transmission. This test simulates the real environment, takes the stress-strain curve and elastic modulus as the starting point, divides the test process into four stages, and compares the mechanical properties of the same conductor under different loads in detail. On this basis, the data difference and performance comparison of three different sections of ACSR are obtained. Finally, the commonness and difference of different cross-section conductors are analyzed, and the precautions in the test process are given. The conclusion of this paper can promote the quality improvement of power transmission conductors.
Research and Design of X-band Low Noise Amplifier Based on CMOS Process
Authors: Ma Chao , Wu Hongjiang , Lu Xudong , Sun Haitao
Published: November 2021

Based on CMOS process, a low noise amplifier(LNA) operating at 7.4GHz~11.4GHz was designed. The two-stage differential cascode structure is adopted. Transformer was used to achieve inter-stage matching. Balun was used to achieve input and output matching, which reduces the number of inductors used, effectively reduces the chip size while ensuring good gain and noise figure. The actual measurement results show that the power gain at the center frequency of 9.4GHz is 27dB, the maximum noise figure is less than 3.82dB, the output power 1dB compression point is greater than 8dBm, the chip area is only 0.41mm×0.83mm(excluding PAD).
Numerical Simulation Research on Inter-electrode Capacitance of High-power Electronic Tetrode
Authors: Luo Yongjie , Yang Puqiong , Wu Honghu , Chen Wenbo , Zhong Haoran
Published: November 2021

High-power electronic tetrode is the RF wave transmitting component in the ion cyclotron range of frequency (ICRF) heating system in EAST. In high-frequency use, its inter-electrode capacitance is an important factor that cannot be ignored, which will have a significant impact on the operating frequency and output power. Based on the theory of electrostatics and considering the influence of each electrode, this paper established a three-dimensional solid model of the electronic tetrode, and the numerical simulation about the inter-electrode capacitance is calculated by the finite element software COMSOL. The obtained inter-electrode capacitance simulation calculation values are all within the actual test value range. On this basis, the relationship between the inter-electrode capacitance and the inter-electrode distance is studied, and the adjustable range of the electrode diameter is calculated. The finite element numerical simulation method calculated the inter-electrode capacitance of high-power tetrodes and the quantitative relationship between the inter-electrode capacitance and inter-electrode distance more accurately, which can provide a reference for the simulation and design of megawatt-level electronic tetrodes in the future.
Identification of Crustal Thickness in Central Part of Sumatra Using Teleseismic Receiver Function Method
Authors: Ariyanto P , Atthonthowi M D , Pranata B , Prayitno B S
Published: November 2021

The Central part of Sumatra is a region that has a high potential for earthquakes. This research intended to determine the crustal thickness of the earth, P and S wave velocity profiles, and vp/vs value in the Central part of Sumatra using stacking H-k and inversion techniques based on the analysis of receiver function. This study utilized teleseismic earthquake data with a distance of 30° to 90° from the station and magnitude more than 6 (M>6). The stations used in this study were 3 BMKG broadband stations located in 3 zones, the fore arc ridge zone (SISI), the volcanic zone (PLSI) and the back arc zone (TPRI). The crustal thickness varies in the fore arc ridge zone (SISI) estimated 17.8 km, volcanic zone (PLSI) reaches 29.7 km and the back arc zone (TPRI) reaches 34 km. The crustal thickness is quite thick under the PLSI and thicker beneath TPRI station. These possibly due to the effect of topography and isostatic compensation in the station. However, whether there is a correlation between crustal thickness and topography needs further research using more stations. The highest vp/vs value was found in the volcanic zone of 1.9, that might be associated with the presence partial melting beneath the station. Meanwhile, the vp/vs value in the back arc zone is 1.72, indicating a relatively more homogeneous structure.
Optical Power Splitter Based on Single Mode Directional Coupler Waveguide Using SnO2 Nanomaterial
Authors: Khoiro M , Asnawi  , Firdaus R A , Bustomi M A
Published: November 2021

Optical power splitter based on waveguide had been simulated numerically using Finite Difference Beam Propagation Method (FDBPM). Proposed waveguide was designed in the form of simple directional coupler waveguide. The waveguide was contained SnO2 nanomaterial as film or the guide part and the other supporting material as cladding with lower refractive index such as flint glasses. The waveguide used 2 μm of width to establish single-mode waveguide. The structure of waveguide is divided into three parts such as input, coupling and output part. While the waveguide was modified with angle in input and output parts to avoid coupling between waveguides. Furthermore, the proposed waveguide was analysed by varying the angle and coupling length. The analysed result shows that the waveguide has best performance in angle of 0.5 degrees and coupling length of 300 μm when the propagation loss was around 0.53%. Using the parameter, the output distribution percentage of waveguide approached 55%:44.5%. This performance indicated that the proposed waveguide can be used as optical power splitter. The application is very useful for optical telecommunication networking development.
Synthesis of Nanofiber Polyvinyl Alcohol (PVA) with Electrospinning Method
Authors: Kusumawati D H , Istiqomah K V N , Husnia I , Fathurin N
Published: November 2021

PVA nanofibers are PVA solution-based nanofibers. PVA solution is a synthetic polymer that is non-toxic, soluble in air, and has excellent thermal, gas permeability, and chemical resistance qualities. Nanofibers were synthesized using PVA (Polyvinyl alcohol) solutions at concentrations of 8%, 10%, and 12%. The electrospinning method is used in this investigation, with input voltages of 17 kV and 20 kV, needle distances of 7 cm, 10 cm, and 15 cm from the collector, and a flow rate of 5 ml/hour for each concentration. An optical microscope was used to examine the nanofiber synthesis results in order to assess the morphology and diameter of the fiber. PVA nanofiber with the best fiber from electrospinning has a diameter of 1.06 μm and homogeneous fiber without beads is a synthesized nanofiber with a variation of 10% PVA solution concentration, 15 cm distance from the syringe needle to drum collector, and 20 kV voltage.
Effects of Sintering Temperature and Holding Times on the Microstructure and Chemical Bond of Strontium Titanate (SrTiO3)
Authors: Hikmah D N , Sandi D K , Nurosyid F , Iriani Y
Published: November 2021

Strontium Titanate (SrTiO3) is one attractive material studied. In this study, SrTiO3 has been fabricated via the co-precipitation technique. The samples were sintered at 800°C and 900°C with holding times of 2 h and 4 h for each temperature. The purposes of this study were to synthesize SrTiO3 material using co-precipitation technique and to observe the microstructure and chemical bonds of the SrTiO3 as the variations of the sintering temperatures and holding times. According to the X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) results, the sintering temperatures and holding times influenced the intensity values and peak broadening. The alteration in both parameters consequently changed the crystallite size and lattice strain of the SrTiO3 material. Furthermore, the Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) results validated the SrTiO3 material by existence of Sr-Ti-O chemical bonds. Also, the absorption peaks of O-H, C-H, and C=O chemical bonds in the SrTiO3 declined due to the higher temperature and longer holding time demonstrating impurities declined. Therefore, according to this study, the sintering temperature of 900°C and the holding time of 4 h was the best parameter for fabricating SrTiO3 powder.
Study of Electrical and Thermal Properties of PVA-Nanosilica as A Candidate for Supercapacitor Separators
Authors: Hidayati N , Munasir
Published: November 2021

Separator in the supercapacitor that separates the cathode from the anode has an important role in a supercapacitor circuit. Polyvinyl Alcohol (PVA) is a substitute for polyolefin which is commonly used as a supercapacitor separator and PVA has more environmentally friendly properties. The addition of silica dioxide nanocomposites is useful for adding thermal stability and electrical insulators. The method used to make the separator is quite simple, namely by casting a PVA gel membrane with nanosilica on a glass plate and drying it at low temperature. PVA membrane with nanosilica variations different precursors are from sand by coprecipitation method and from TEOS. The properties of the two samples were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA), and LCR meter. Nanosilica derived from sand and from TEOS have no much different characteristic.
STEM in Disaster Learning Media: A Literature Review
Authors: Agusty A I , Alifteria F A , Anggaryani M
Published: November 2021

What is a natural disaster? How much do we know about it? Modern technology undoubtedly helped people learn about natural phenomena that sometimes can be misdirected into disaster. Natural disasters can cause quite an enormous impact, such as property damage and the number of injured or dead victims. Disaster education that applied science, technology, engineering, and mathematics could be a potential strategy to prepare the local community in managing the risk of natural disasters. This study is part of literature research on the integration of STEM in disaster education focused on disaster learning media to increase students’ awareness of disaster prevention, impacts, and mitigation. This study aims to identify national and international journals related to STEM, disasters, and learning media; and evaluate the effectiveness of implementing STEM integrated learning media. In 2011-2021 there are 305 publications and 15 articles reviewed in this study. The results indicate that STEM-based disaster learning media can develop students’ ability to solve problems related to disaster mitigation and disaster knowledge. The development of learning media to teach disaster education need to be reviewed and adapted to the geographical conditions of Indonesia, several topics about disaster as recommendation for learning is disaster that often afflict Indonesia.
Research on Physics of Photography: A Bibliometric Study (2000-2020)
Authors: Suprapto N , Kholiq A , Prahani B K , Deta U A
Published: November 2021

The purpose of this study is to analyse physics on photography research and see its trends to find the opportunity for further research. A bibliometric analysis was used in this study. The search results from the Scopus database were extracted using the VOS viewer software. A total of 432 documents related to physics of photography were analysed and mapped. The results mapped the trend of documents across years, language, countries, affiliation, type, sources, authors, and key words. The results have also indicated two major clusters and one minor cluster in researching on physics of photography. The first cluster (green colour) was photography as an application. The second cluster (red) was photography specified into high-speed photography and modern photography. The third cluster (blue) was technology of photography in connecting with competition. A proposed model for future research is also illustrated. Thus, it can be an opportunity for further researchers to conduct research related to this area.
Bibliometric Analysis on Online Physics Learning during COVID-19 Pandemic: Contribution to Physics Education Undergraduate Program
Authors: Jatmiko B , Prahani B K , Suprapto N , Admoko S , Deta U A , Lestari N A , Jauhariyah M N R , Yantidewi M , Muliyati D
Published: November 2021

Research will focus on generating a profile of research trends in online physics learning during the COVID-19 pandemic. The main research is bibliometric. Scopus document data collection in August 2021. The 1007 document results with keywords online physics learning. Then focused on 2020 and 2021* as 277 document results of which these 2 years are the COVID-19 pandemic period. In general, the research results show that the COVID-19 pandemic has had a positive impact on accelerating online learning in developing countries. Another finding is online learning which is proven to be effective for improving student learning outcomes in physics learning. Educational transformations today and after the COVID-19 pandemic can occur in online education, changes in learning from home, changes in roles, and approaches. The research implications are supported by recent research: (1) These findings will provide an empirical basis for the development of physics education research, especially online physics learning during the COVID-19 pandemic; (2) Deep learning system, machine learning system, and education computing can still become a research trend in current research, especially in the integration and adaptation in physics learning; (3) Retracing the trend and novelty of physics education research, especially in the physics education undergraduate program.
Elementary School Teacher’s Training and Coaching as Trustees of the National Science Olympiad (OSN) in Surabaya Using Science Practicum at SDN I Airlangga Surabaya
Authors: Asnawi  , Iriyani D , Prakoso T , Setijorini L E
Published: November 2021

The purpose of this community service activity is to provide knowledge and practical science skills to support the National Science Olympiad (OSN) activities for teachers at SDN I Airlangga Surabaya and its surroundings. Based on the questionnaire distributed to the teachers of the SDN I Airlangga Surabaya, it showed that most of the teachers (87%) had never carried out practicum or experimental activities to support the OSN of Science at school. One of the targets to be achieved through this activity is to change attitudes and to increase the knowledge and skills of the SDN I Airlangga Surabaya teachers who have skills in science practicum to support OSN. The training was conducted using lecture methods, slides and videos, question and answer, interactive dialogue, brainstorming and work practices. There are three things that the partners got after holding the training, namely a) Knowledge; it seems that participants have gained new knowledge about the implementation of elementary science practicums after the training, b) Skills; participants seem to have had the skills to carry out practical science activities of elementary school, c) Attitude (behaviour); according to the practicum activities carried out, scientific attitudes were formed by the participants in supporting science olympic activities. In implementing the training, the partners generally have a great willingness and interest to participate on the training.
A Bibliometric Analysis of Minimum Competency Assessment Research with VOSViewer Related to the Impact in Physics Education on 2019-2020
Authors: Suliyanah  , Adelia B D , Jauhariyah M N R , Misbah  , Mahtari S , Saregar A , Deta U A
Published: November 2021

This study discusses the Asesmen Kompetensi Minimum (AKM) or Minimum Competency Assessment using bibliometrics, the top 5 articles and authors. The method used is the literature review using Harzing’s Publish or Perish application on March 9 and 16, 2021, with keywords “Asesmen Kompetensi Minimum” and “Minimum Competency Assessment” from the Google Scholar database and then processed by the VOSViewer application. The data obtained were 593 articles in Indonesian and 507 articles in English. The results of the bibliometric study obtained five clusters in Indonesian and English. Minimum competency assessment in Indonesian relates to eliminating the national exam, while English relates to student readiness. Top authors and articles discuss science learning, learning activities and mathematical literacy analysis skills. The top five articles in Indonesian and English, there is one study on applying minimum competency assessment and literacy skills in minimum competency assessment, which can also increase knowledge of physics in static and dynamic electricity materials. The conclusion obtained is that there is still minimum research on minimum competency assessment. The impact of this research on physics learning can be applied to static and dynamic electricity, and the top articles and authors discuss the discussion of science learning and PISA design in the pandemic era.
Development of STEM Model Student Worksheets with PhET Simulation on Hooke’s Law Material to Improve the Ability Students’ Critical Thinking
Authors: Agustina F R , Dwikoranto
Published: November 2021

This research aims to describe the feasibility of STEM model student worksheets in guided inquiry learning with PhET Simulation media on Hooke’s Law material in terms of validity, effectiveness and practicality, due to the lack of critical thinking skills of students. This development research uses a four-D model with the following steps: design, define, develop and disseminate with high school students as research targets. Data were analyzed descriptively quantitatively. The results showed that: (1) The level of validity of student worksheets get a score of 86.36% with a very valid category; (2) Practicality level of student worksheets get through observation sheets and questionnaire responses from students get a practicality score of 88% with a very practical category; and (3) The level of effectiveness of the worksheets obtained from the N-gain calculation get a score of 0.56 in the medium category. Based on these things, it can be concluded that the developed student worksheets are feasible to be used to improve the ability students’ critical thinking.
Improving the Ability to Develop Scientific Articles among Physics Teachers
Authors: Sunarti T , Wasis  , Suprapto N , Admoko S
Published: November 2021

There have been training scientific articles online for physics teachers. The purpose of this activity is to (1) improve Physics teachers in the ability to create scientific articles and (2) increase the number of scientific articles written by Physics teachers. Seventy-five physics teachers in Mojokerto attended the training. They implemented online by forming a synchronous meeting zoom class and continued with asynchronous assistance using WhatsApp group facilities. The success of this training workshop is evaluated using an assessment of the resulting article and a questionnaire of the trainee’s response to the implementation of training activities. Scientific articles that have been obtained are included in the review process and have been revised to meet the criteria to be published in scientific journals. The article have been prepared aspects of the assessment of articles compiled by Physics teachers include titles and identities, abstracts, introductions, theoretical foundations, results and discussions, conclusions, and bibliography. The articles compiled have met the criteria well, with an average score of 87. The results of the trainee response questionnaire showed that 67 % strongly agreed and 33 % agreed. It shows that there is still a need to increase the quantity and quality of articles compiled by physics teachers.
E-LS on The Subject of Temperature: The First Work of a Science-Physics Teacher at Siti Aminah Junior High School Surabaya
Authors: Kholiq A , Sucahyo I , Sunarti T , Kusumawati D H , Jauhariyah M N R
Published: November 2021

The effect of COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia requires learning that is usually done face-to-face has turned into online learning. For teachers, the implementation of online learning requires engaging media so that learning becomes more various and exciting. This study aims to analyse the validity of the science literacy-based e-book, which will later be called E-LS. The first work of the Science-Physics teacher at Siti Aminah Junior High School Surabaya can train students’ scientific literacy skills. This study using a research method with the DDD-E design (Decide, Design, Develop, Evaluate). Based on the data analysis that has been done, we obtained descriptive-quantitatively using the Likert scale percentage score criteria. The results show that the percentage of validity in the aspect of Curriculum Conformity of 91.30 % (very valid). The material aspect is 93.45 % (very valid). The language aspect is 91.67 % (very valid). The media design aspect of 91.91 % (very valid). Scientific literacy aspect of 87.50 % (very valid). Overall the level of validity of the E-LS has an average of 91.17 % (very valid). It can be concluded that the E-LS media (temperature topic) is very suitable for use as a science-physics learning medium to train science literacy for junior high school students.
Research Trends on Ethnoscience based Learning through Bibliometric Analysis: Contributed to Physics Learning
Authors: Hidaayatullaah H N , Suprapto N , Hariyono E , Prahani B K , Wulandari D
Published: November 2021

The research purposes are 1) Analyse the results of bibliometric mapping visualization on research trends ethnoscience-based learning and its contribution to physics learning, 2) Analyse author collaboration on research trends ethnoscience-based learning, and 3) Recommendations for future ethnoscience research in physics learning. In this research, the descriptive method is applied with a bibliometric approach. Data was obtained through the Scopus and Google Scholar databases published in the period 2011-2020. The results showed that ethnoscience-based learning made a major contribution to science learning at the elementary to junior high school level and physics at the high school to university level. Ethnoscience can be integrated with learning innovations in schools and can also train/improve students’ thinking skills. Ethnoscience also dominates the social sciences. The recommended research trends in the Scopus and Google Scholar databases are physics learning about ethno-stem, development of ethnoscience-based physics teaching materials, ethnoscience-based physics learning to train students’ scientific literacy and problem-solving skills.
Profile of Students’ Creative Thinking Skills on Global Warming Material: Gender Perspective in Physics Learning
Authors: Wulandari D , Hariyono E , Suprapto N , Hidaayatullaah H N , Prahani B K
Published: November 2021

Students need creative thinking skills, critical thinking, collaborative, and communicative in the 21st century in learning physics. In predicting further research, it is necessary to analyze the initial ability of students’ creative thinking skills. This study aims to analyze the profile of physics learning on the students’ creative thinking skill of high school students’ on global warming material and analyze the differences in students’ creative thinking abilities based on gender. Research method uses 100 samples of class eleventh grade in senior high school students’. Profiles of creative thinking skills of senior high school students’ on global warming were analyzed quantitatively descriptively. The results showed that the physics learning profile of students’ creative thinking skills on global warming material was relatively low, and there was a significant difference between the results of male and female students’ creative thinking skills. The results of this study can be used as empirical evidence that the creative thinking skills of high school students’ physics learning on global warming material still need to be improved. Further research is needed to overcome the low creative thinking skills of high school students’.
A Critical Thinking Skill Profile of Science Education Undergraduate Student in Basic Physics
Authors: Wulandari R , Jatmiko B , Budiyanto M , Hariyono E , Lestari N A , Prahani B K
Published: November 2021

An undergraduate student should have ability to make the right decision based on data analysis and information able to provide instructions in choosing various alternative solutions independently and in groups. This is an important point in the Indonesian National Qualification Framework at the undergraduate level. One of the skills that must be possessed by students who are part of 21st century skills is critical thinking skills. The aim of this research is to analyze the critical thinking skills profile of science education undergraduate students in basic physics. Subject of this research were undergraduate students with sample of 109 undergraduate students determined by purposive sampling. The instruments have fulfilled the validity requirements (rα = 0.26) and reliability (α = 0.99). Result of this research that the profile of science education undergraduate students is very low level. The students’ critical thinking skills need to be improved based on that level.
Profile of Students’ Scientific Literacy in Physics Learning during COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Melinda V , Hariyono E , Erman E , Prahani B K
Published: November 2021

Online learning during the COVID-19 pandemic that is not optimal has an impact on students’ Scientific Literacy (SL). Facts in Indonesia, online learning has not been fully run optimally. In this case, teachers and students are still less adaptable to changes in learning methods. This certainly has an impact on aspects of students’ SL. The main objective is to analyze the initial level of students’ SL during COVID-19 pandemic. Research use 105 senior high school students in Surabaya. Based on the result we can conclude that the profile of students’ SL in Physics learning during COVID-19 pandemic is still at low category, that’s percentage are 28.38% (level 2). It’s means students can perform basic epistemic and procedural knowledge, contain knowledge in daily, basic procedural knowledge to give identification of scientific explanations, interpret scientific data, and draw conclusions from simple experimental data. The implication of this research can be used as empirical evidence stating that the SL of Senior High School students still need to be improved.
Neutrino mass ordering determination through combined analysis with JUNO and KM3NeT/ORCA
Authors: Chau N. , Athayde Marcondes de André J.P. , Van Elewyck V. , Kouchner A. , Kalousis L. , Dracos M.
Published: November 2021

The neutrino mass ordering (NMO) is one of the fundamental questions in neutrino physics. KM3NeT/ORCA and JUNO are two neutrino oscillation experiments both aiming at measuring the NMO with different approaches: ORCA with atmospheric neutrinos traversing the Earth and JUNO with reactor neutrinos. This contribution presents the potential of determining the NMO through a combined analysis of JUNO and ORCA data. In a joint fit, the NMO sensitivity is enhanced beyond the simple sum of the sensitivities of each experiment due to the tension between the respective Δm
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2 best fit values obtained when the wrong ordering is assumed, together with good constraints on this parameter measurement by both experiments. From this analysis, we expect the true NMO to be determined with 5σ significance after 1–2 years of data taking by both experiments for the current global best-fit values of the oscillation parameters, while maximally 6 years will be needed for any other parameter set.
Analysis of proton bunch parameters in the AWAKE experiment
Authors: Hafych V. , Caldwell A. , Agnello R. , Ahdida C.C. , Aladi M. , Amoedo Goncalves M.C. , Andrebe Y. , Apsimon O. , Apsimon R. , Bachmann A.-M. , Baistrukov M.A. , Batsch F. , Bergamaschi M. , Blanchard P. , Burrows P.N. , Buttenschön B. , Chappell J. , Chevallay E. , Chung M. , Cooke D.A. , Damerau H. , Davut C. , Demeter G. , Dexter A. , Doebert S. , Farmer J. , Fasoli A. , Fedosseev V.N. , Fiorito R. , Fonseca R.A. , Furno I. , Gessner S. , Gorn A.A. , Granados E. , Granetzny M. , Graubner T. , Grulke O. , Gschwendtner E. , Guran E.D. , Henderson J.R. , Hüther M. , Kedves M.Á. , Khudyakov V. , Kim S.-Y. , Kraus F. , Krupa M. , Lefevre T. , Liang L. , Lopes N. , Lotov K.V. , Mazzoni S. , Medina Godoy D. , Moody J.T. , Moon K. , Morales Guzmán P.I. , Moreira M. , Nechaeva T. , Nowak E. , Pakuza C. , Panuganti H. , Pardons A. , Perera A. , Pucek J. , Pukhov A. , Ráczkevi B. , Ramjiawan R.L. , Rey S. , Schmitz O. , Senes E. , Silva L.O. , Stollberg C. , Sublet A. , Topaloudis A. , Torrado N. , Tuev P.V. , Turner M. , Velotti F. , Verra L. , Vieira J. , Vincke H. , Welsch C.P. , Wendt M. , Wing M. , Wolfenden J. , Woolley B. , Xia G. , Zepp M. , Zevi Della Porta G.
Published: November 2021

A precise characterization of the incoming proton bunch
parameters is required to accurately simulate the self-modulation
process in the Advanced Wakefield Experiment (AWAKE). This paper
presents an analysis of the parameters of the incoming proton
bunches used in the later stages of the AWAKE Run 1 data-taking
period. The transverse structure of the bunch is observed at
multiple positions along the beamline using scintillating or optical
transition radiation screens. The parameters of a model that
describes the bunch transverse dimensions and divergence are fitted
to represent the observed data using Bayesian inference. The
analysis is tested on simulated data and then applied to the
experimental data.
A high-bandwidth low current transimpedance amplification circuit
Authors: Liu Hao , Dong Chunhui , Yang XinYing , Cheng Feng , Zhang Qingxian , Liao Kaiyong , Lu Zhigang , Gao Zhiyu , Luo Tingfang , Huang Qichang , Li Weilan
Published: November 2021

A measuring circuit is designed based on the transimpedance amplifier. The methods of reducing parasitic capacitance and improving amplifier performance are introduced in detail. The influence of the parasitic capacitance generated by the feedback resistors on the bandwidth in the transimpedance amplification circuit is discussed. The circuit can measure the wide-dynamic-range low current ranging from 10-13 A to 10-5 A in four ranges. The circuit's bandwidth is up to 500 Hz when the circuit can normally work to measure a wide-range low current. The peak-to-peak amplitude of circuit noise is less than 0.22 pA. The current drift is less than 1.06 fA/∘C over a temperature range of 0∘C to 85∘C, and the integral nonlinearity is less than 0.25%.
Synovial macrophages in cartilage destruction and regeneration—lessons learnt from osteoarthritis and synovial chondromatosis
Authors: Li Yingjie , Zhou Yinghong , Wang Yifan , Crawford Ross , Xiao Yin
Published: November 2021

Inflammation is a critical process in disease pathogenesis and the restoration of tissue structure and function, for example, in joints such as the knee and temporomandibular. Within the innate immunity process, the body’s first defense response in joints when physical and chemical barriers are breached is the synovial macrophages, the main innate immune effector cells, which are responsible for triggering the initial inflammatory reaction. Macrophage is broadly divided into three phenotypes of resting M0, pro-inflammatory M1-like (referred to below as M1), and anti-inflammatory M2-like (referred to below as M2). The synovial macrophage M1-to-M2 transition can affect the chondrogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in joints. On the other hand, MSCs can also influence the transition between M1 and M2. Failure of the chondrogenic differentiation of MSCs can result in persistent cartilage destruction leading to osteoarthritis. However, excessive chondrogenic differentiation of MSCs may cause distorted cartilage formation in the synovium, which is evidenced in the case of synovial chondromatosis. This review summarizes the role of macrophage polarization in the process of both cartilage destruction and regeneration, and postulates that the transition of macrophage phenotype in an inflammatory joint environment may play a key role in determining the fate of joint cartilage.
Holomorphicity, vortex attachment, gauge invariance and the fractional quantum Hall effect
Authors: Agarwal Abhishek
Published: November 2021

A gauge invariant reformulation of nonrelativistic fermions in background magnetic fields is used to obtain the Laughlin and Jain wave functions as exact results in mean field theory (MFT). The gauge invariant framework trades the U(1) gauge symmetry for an emergent holomorphic symmetry and fluxes for vortices. The novel holomorphic invariance is used to develop an analytical method for attaching vortices to particles. Vortex attachment methods introduced in this paper are subsequently employed to construct the Read operator within a second quantized framework and obtain the Laughlin and Jain wave functions as exact results entirely within a mean-field approximation. The gauge invariant framework and vortex attachment techniques are generalized to the case of spherical geometry and spherical counterparts of Laughlin and Jain wave functions are also obtained exactly within MFT.
Water consumption and environmental behavior of the residents in Lake Toba water catchment area, North Sumatra, Indonesia
Authors: Harianja A H , Fauzi R , Saragih G S , Hidayat M Y , Suoth A E
Published: November 2021

One of seventeen points of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) is to provide clean water for at least 80% of the global population in 2025. Rural populations living surrounding Lake Toba water catchment area still utilize the lake water for daily use regardless of the susceptible decreasing water quality. This paper describes anthropogenic aspects affecting the water quality of Lake Toba that is consumed as the drinking water source by surrounding residents. The research used a quantitative approach by interviewing 130 household representatives from 3 regencies around the lake to calculate the water consumption and evaluate the water quality in 2018. In addition, this research also assessed the residents' behavior in managing household waste and wastewater. The result showed that the average water consumption is 86,93L/person/day. The majority of the respondents barely treat the water and feel satisfied with the water quality based on its color, turbidity, taste, and odor. On the contrary, the respondents have not adequately treated their domestic waste and household wastewater before being released to the lake, contributing to water pollution. Although most respondents are satisfied with the water quality, it is still needed to perform proper water treatment because the water quality of Lake Toba is reported as slightly up to heavily polluted by the Ministry of Environment and Forestry in 2019.
Developing models to establish seasonal forest fire early warning system
Authors: Nuryanto D E , Pradana R P , Putra I D G A , Heriyanto E , Linarka U A , Satyaningsih R , Hidayanto N , Sopaheluwakan A , Permana D S
Published: November 2021

During a typically dry season in Sumatra or Kalimantan, the forest fire starts. In 2015, an El Nino year, forest fires in Sumatra and Kalimantan ranked among the worst episodes on record. Understanding the connection between accumulated monthly rainfall and the risk of hotspot occurrence is key to improving forest fire management decision-making. This study addresses model development to predict the number of 6-month fire hotspots, by combining the prediction of rainfall with hotspot patterns. Hotspot data were obtained from the Fire Information for Resources Management System (FIRMS) for the period of 2001–2018. For rainfall prediction, we used the output model of the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF). The threshold of more than 10 hotspot events has been used to establish hotspot climatology. To get a threshold for rainfall that can cause forest fires, we used the Pulang Pisau rain station. We applied two rainfall thresholds to determine three categorical forecasts (low, moderate, high) as environment quality indicator. The two thresholds are 100 mm/month for the lower threshold and 130 mm/month for the upper threshold. The verification of the observational data showed an accuracy of > 0.83, which is relatively consistent and persistent with forest fire events. The weakness of this system is that it cannot determine the exact location of the forest fire because the spatial resolution used is 0.25 degrees. The predictions of the monthly climate index values were reasonably good suggesting the potential to be used as an operational tool to predict the number of fire hotspots expected. The seasonal forest fire early warning system is expected to be an effort to anticipate forest fires for the next six months. The modeling strategy presented in this study could be replicated for any fire index in any region, based on predictive rainfall information and patterns of the hotspot.
Indigenous mercury-resistant bacteria isolated from contaminated soils around artisanal gold processing centers in Sukabumi, Indonesia
Authors: Amandita F Y , Efadeswarni  , Idris  , Sulistiyani T , Kanti A , Sudiana I M
Published: November 2021

In Indonesia, the largest mercury pollution comes from artisanal and small-scale gold mining (ASGM), which may cause the distribution of mercury to agricultural land and can be absorbed by food crops. Sukabumi Regency in West Java, well-known as one hotspot of illegal artisanal gold mining and national rice producer, is potentially threatened by mercury pollution. Efforts to remediate mercury contaminated agricultural land can be done by using mercury-reducing bacteria. This research aims to select the most potential indigenous bacteria for mercury remediation. Soil and sludge samples were collected from 2 districts in Sukabumi, where gold processing using mercury is common. Bacteria were selectively isolated from cultured colonies grown in Luria Bertani broth supplemented with HgCl230 mg/L. We obtained 27 isolates that belong to 16 species, as identified by API®20 E and 20 NE (BioMérieux, USA). The growth of each isolate was assessed by measuring the optical density of inoculated LB broth contained HgCl230 mg/L for 5 consecutive days. All isolates showed normal growth. The log phase reached its maximum value on the second or third day after inoculation and lag phase afterward. Twelve identified isolates were chosen for evaluation of their resistance to mercury by growing them in Mueller-Hinton agar supplemented with HgCl2(30 mg/L, 50 mg/L, 100 mg/L, 150 mg/L, and 200 mg/L). Seven isolates were able to grow in media with HgCl2, but only Mer07 survived on HgCl2150 mg/L.