bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Colestasis por Ligandrol: a propósito de un caso
Authors: López Villarreal Alexander , Berrouet Mejía Marie Claire
Published: February 2025

Los esteroides anabólicos y los moduladores selectivos de receptores de andrógenos (SARMs) se han utilizado durante décadas con el fin de incrementar la masa muscular y mejorar el rendimiento atlético, por lo que su uso sin supervisión médica y sin autorización regulatoria va en aumento, y esto plantea serias preocupaciones de salud pública. Este reporte de caso presenta a un paciente masculino que desarrolló hepatotoxicidad con patrón colestásico secundario al uso de Ligandrol, un SARM. Aunque los SARMs se promocionan como alternativas más seguras a los esteroides anabólicos, este caso destaca los riesgos potenciales asociados con su uso, específicamente, la lesión hepática. Diversas agencias regulatorias han emitido alertas sobre la asociación de los SARMs con cáncer, osteoporosis e injuria hepática. El Ligandrol, también conocido como LGD-4033, es popular entre atletas y fisicoculturistas, pero no está aprobado para consumo humano y es una sustancia prohibida en el deporte. En Colombia, se han publicado casos en los que se reportan efectos adversos de esteroides anabólicos, pero no se encuentran reportes que asocien el Ligandrol con una falla hepática. Este caso es, por tanto, relevante para la literatura médica nacional. El objetivo de este reporte es sensibilizar a los médicos sobre el riesgo de compromiso hepático con Ligandrol y contribuir a la creciente evidencia sobre los peligros de los SARMs. Es crucial aumentar la conciencia sobre estos riesgos, tanto entre profesionales de la salud como en el público general, dada la falta de regulación y estudios a largo plazo sobre la seguridad de estos compuestos.
DSSC sensitizers: A Panoramic comparison
Authors: Jabeen Mussarat , Mutaza Iqra , Anwar Rabia
Published: February 2025

Currently, energy and greenhouse gas emissions are the biggest problems. As a result of overpopulation and high energy consumption, non-renewable energy sources are continuously depleting. Greenhouse gases are also being emitted at a very high rate. The modern world must use renewable energy sources, among which solar energy is safe and available everywhere. Solar energy is efficiently transformed into electrical energy by photovoltaics (solar cells). During the past decades, DSSC the type of thin-film photovoltaics, gained importance due to cost-effectiveness, durability, ease fabrication, and low toxicity. These cells convert sunlight into electricity with power conversion efficiency approximately 20%. Glass substrate, photo-anode, sensitizer, electrolyte and counter electrode are the key components of DSSCs. Among these, sensitizers are the most important part of these cells that absorb photons, generate electrons, create electron-hole-pair and produce electricity. In the beginning, only ruthenium metal complexes were used as dyes, but now a large number of organic, inorganic and natural compounds are widely used to enhance the overall performance of these cells. This is in-depth review on solar cells but mainly focus on construction, operating principle, and performance of DSSCs. In this review, we not only presented a library of sensitizers used in DSSCs but also give a brief comparison between these sensitizers to help future research.
Anxiety disorders in patients with infertility
Authors: Sulima A. N. , Stroevsky V. V. , Bakharovskaya A. S.
Published: February 2025

The article is devoted to anxiety disorders in patients with infertility. Along with the physical aspects of this condition, many patients are experiencing significant emotional and psychological suffering. Women often experience feelings of loss, guilt, and loneliness. Unsuccessful trying to get pregnant can be a source of constant stress, affecting quality of life and relationships with partners and loved ones. The literature review presents modern data on the classification of infertility, symptoms of anxiety disorder, its etiology, the role of physiological, psychological and social factors, and the diagnosis of anxiety disorder using clinical and psychometric methods. The methods of treatment used are described, including psychopharmacological methods and psychotherapy. Anxiety disorders are a frequent companion of infertility, but they can and should be fought. A comprehensive approach including psychotherapy, medical treatment and support from loved ones helps many women to cope with anxiety and restore psycho-emotional balance.
Molecular docking in the study of the interaction between cholera toxin subunit B and lipid raft components
Authors: Andrievskaya I. A. , Timkin P. D. , Ustinov E. M.
Published: February 2025

The aim of this study was to predict, using molecular docking, the formation of complexes between cholera toxin subunit B (CTB) and lipid raft components – gangliosides GM1 and GM3, lactosylceramide (LacCer), and cholesterol.

   Material and methods. The study involved modeling the three-dimensional structure of the lipid raft–CTB complex to obtain information on ligand coordinates and binding energy, analysis of the amino acid sequences of the CTB D-chain, and molecular docking.

   Results. Three-dimensional structures of the complexes were obtained using molecular docking. The topology of ligands GM1, GM3, and cholesterol in the molecular pocket of the CTB D-chain was proposed. It was shown that the conformations of CTB with GM1, GM3, and cholesterol ligands exhibited negative binding energy, indicating the potential formation of stable complexes. LacCer was an exception, as its chemical characteristics, associated with the formation of unstable conformers, rendered it unsuitable for docking analysis.

   Conclusions. The proposed algorithms lay a scientific foundation for solving important applied problems in bioinformatics and pharmacology, specifically in the study of the pathogenesis and treatment of diseases related to lipid raft dysfunction.
Comparative analysis of medical and social characteristics of women with malignant and benign breast neoplasms: the impact of medical and social determinants of public health
Authors: Sukhov A. A. , Cherkasov S. N. , Russkikh S. V. , Fedyaeva A. V. , Saidov S. S. , Tarasenkо Е. А.
Published: February 2025

Medical and social determinants of public health influence the state of health, risk of occurrence and outcomes of breast neoplasms in women.

   The aim of the study is a comparative analysis of medical and social characteristics of women with malignant and benign breast neoplasms.

   Material and Methods. The data of a survey of 600 female patients were used. The main group (women with malignant breast neoplasms) and the control group (women with benign breast neoplasms) were compared, the data were obtained during the survey and by copying data from medical records. The medico-social attributes were combined into groups.

   Results and discussion. Despite the fact that the groups are similar in social status and lifestyle, data on the presence of evidentiary differences between them in the main groups of characteristics (four groups of characteristics were taken into account: “Obstetric history”; “Morbidity”; “Social status”; “Lifestyle”) were obtained.   

   Conclusions. The social trait “loneliness” through obstetric history is associated with the incidence of breast malignancy. Screening in groups of women with malignant and benign breast neoplasms should be conducted separately, taking into account the social determinant – the social and economic conditions in which they live and are treated, and also in the context of the medical determinant, which includes consideration of the level of professional competence of medical personnel who diagnose and treat these diseases.
Sweet and Salty Recipes: Some Examples from the Muslim and Byzantine Culinary and Medicinal Common Tradition
Authors: Anagnostakis Ilias
Published: February 2025

This paper discusses the use of salt, vinegar, honey, and sugar in some Byzantine and Arabic-Islamic recipes in cooking and pastry-making as well as for food preservation and in medical preparations. It draws mostly on information provided by Byzantine sources and Arabic translations for any comparison. The research focuses on some examples of salty/sour and sweet culinary and medicinal recipes, common or similar Arabo-Byzantine products like iṭriya, garos/murrī, zoulapion mishmishiyya, and libysia. The paper starts with Galen’s Syrian mēloplakous, continues with salty and sweet liquid preparations as well as preserves of roses and fruits. It concludes with a discussion of two exemplary Arabic delicacies more widely known in twelfth-century Byzantium, two foods with extreme opposite but equal flavored tastes: a sweet and a salty Arab product, paloudakin or apalodaton (fālūdhaj), which was the most typical sweet the Byzantines borrowed from the Arabs, and libysia, the especially flavorful salted fish from Egypt.
Interlinear and Marginal Glosses in the Athonite Translation of John Chrysostom’s De Statuis
Authors: Dimitrova Aneta
Published: February 2025

According to a colophon in manuscript RM 3/6 from the Rila Monastery, a complete Slavonic translation of John Chrysostom’s Homilies on the Statues was made on Mount Athos by the Serbian monk Antonije and copied by Vladislav the Grammarian in 1473. In fact, this is the earliest extant copy of a thorough revision of the first translation that was made in Preslav in the 10th century, and the text was partially translated anew after a different Greek source. All three preserved copies of this translation contain a number of explanatory glosses. Some of them refer to rare and archaic words, whereas others provide synonyms and better readings. In the article, close attention is paid to the 21 interlinear and marginal glosses as they occur in the Rila manuscript. The glosses are divided into four overlapping groups: I. Translations and explanations of Greek words; II. Biblical references; III. Synonyms; and IV. Varia. Eight of the annotations are discussed in detail in comparison to the Preslav translation and the Greek sources, with additional data from other medieval Slavonic texts. Since the practice of annotating was typical of the scribe Vladislav, some arguments were considered whether he was the author of the glosses. In most cases, the annotator was also a competent and observant editor, who usually corrected or updated the language according to his contemporary terminology.
Peaches at Medieval Site Ras, Serbia: Unraveling Routes of Introduction and Local Cultivation in the Balkans
Authors: Borojević Ksenija , Jagusiak Krzysztof , Gašić Ksenija
Published: February 2025

The study combines archaeological evidence, written sources, and genetic studies to trace the routes of peach introduction to the Balkans and explore the local cultivation practices and it revisits the discovery of peach remains at the medieval site of Ras in southwest Serbia. Peach (Prunus persica [L.] Batsch) came to the Mediterranean from the East around the 6th/4th c. BC, and over the following centuries it spread westwards. In the Roman Empire it was an already well known fruit. One possible route for its introduction to Europe was through the Balkans (“via Balcani”), from the Black Sea region along the Danube River to other areas. However, following the Migration Period and the fall of the Western Roman Empire, the peach tree orchards remained mostly abandoned for the next three centuries. In contrast, the peach trees in the Eastern (Byzantine) Empire remained present despite repeated invasions, and destructive conflicts, which occurred between the 5th–11th/12th centuries. Peaches were generally available on the market and described in written sources. Archaeological evidence of the of peaches in the region can be found at the medieval site Ras in Serbia, where peach fruit stone fragments have been radiocarbon dated to 1021–1158 cal AD. During the 12th century, Ras served as a Byzantine fortress and later became the main defensive stronghold of the newly formed Serbian state from the middle of the 12th century to the fourth decade of the 13th century. Given the peach fruit soft texture and difficulty to transport, it is likely that they were grown locally. The Romans could have introduced peaches into the area during the 4th century. However, the area was abandoned between the 6th–9th centuries and the peach trees could not have survived if unattended. In the Balkans, including present-day Serbia, there is a significant genetic diversity of peach landraces that are grown effectively wild in vineyards (“vineyard peach”) and are ancient in origins. The presence of peach stones at Ras suggests a possible continuity of practices linked to the “via Balcani” route and enduring local cultivation or trade from southern regions since ancient times. Future discoveries of peach stones in the area will enhance our understanding of this historical route. This study provides significant insights into the prolonged existence and local cultivation of peaches in the broader region, emphasizing the interplay between cultural exchange, trade, and agricultural practices over millennia.
“The Unbroken Fellowship” What Did Khan Boris and Empress Theodora Agree upon?
Authors: Bardola Kostiantyn
Published: February 2025

This article presents a novel hypothesis regarding the events surrounding the Christianization of Khan Boris of Bulgaria. The author proposes the possibility of a marriage between Empress Theodora and Khan Boris, primarily through a reinterpretation of two passages from the Theophanes Continuatus, which also appear in slightly altered forms in the works of other Byzantine authors. These passages have often been dismissed as mere legends lacking historical significance. However, the author contends that they can be viewed as distorted remnants of authentic plans, inviting a reevaluation of their historical value. The findings contribute to a deeper understanding of the complex relationship dynamics that influenced the region’s political landscape during this era, challenging previous interpretations that have often underestimated the intricate interplay of power, diplomacy, and personal relations in medieval statecraft.
The Revolts of the Varangians in Constantinople: Two Incidents at the Palace
Authors: Fylypchuk Oleksandr
Published: February 2025

This article deals with the revolts staged by the Varangians at the imperial palace in 1068 and 1078. The first part of the article focuses on the revolt at the beginning of Romanos IV Diogenes’s reign as described by the Continuator of Skylitzes. The detailed analysis of the chronicler’s account of the Varangians’ uprising in 1068 offers a new perspective on the relevant passage in his work. It reveals important details regarding the sources of the account in question, including its relationship with the works of Psellos and Bryennios. The author argues that the Varangians were not hostile to Romanos IV Diogenes at the beginning of his reign and that the Continuator of Skylitzes misplaced the relevant story in his narrative. The information he provided was indebted to Psellos and Bryennios. The second part of the article is devoted to the last revolt which the Varangians raised in April–May 1078. Analysis of the accounts of three historians: Michael Attaleiates, Continuator of Skylitzes, and Nikephoros Bryennios, supports the conclusion that the Continuator of Skylitzes and Bryennios recounted the first part of the story while Attaleiates (and partially the Continuator of Skylitzes) reported its end.
Sardinia and the Byzantine West Paradigm Shifts and Changing Perceptions
Authors: Muresu Marco
Published: February 2025

The paper focuses on Sardinia from the fall of Carthage (698) to the rise of its autonomous rulers, the iudikes, in the mid-9th c. During these centuries, the island managed to convey a sense of historical standing between different ‘worlds’: the Latin West, the Byzantine empire, and the Muslims in North Africa and Spain. Albeit traditionally considered as a proof of ‘periphery’ and ‘isolation’, Sardinia’s insularity condition and its development as an unconquered liminal polity among the major powers in the Western Mediterranean received renewed interest through the re-assessment of the archaeological, sigillographic and numismatic record. As such, the paper is an account of the key features of this transition and offers new perspectives on the island’s resilience within the formative phases of a Medieval Mediterranean that we increasingly understand in terms of its connectivity.
Present Research Priority on Aerobic Rice Culture for Sustainable Rice Production under the Backdrop of Shrinking Water Resource Base: A Review
Authors: Midya Ashim
Published: February 2025

Rice plays a pivotal role in food security and global agricultural economy. Rice production sustainability to be assured and accelerated for feeding burgeoning population on the backdrop of scarce water resources. Flooded rice requires 900-2250 mm of water which leads to increasing water shortage. The rice production sustainability is threatened due to arsenic calamity and emission of greenhouse gases causing global warming. Aerobic rice culture technology is paradigm shift in rice production to increase water and crop productivity under the backdrop of shrinking water resource base requiring less water and the crop is grown non flooded or saturated with an added advantage of 50-80% lesser emission of methane. Significant differences in energy balance and evapo-transpiration, water productivity indicates that aerobic rice is one of the promising water saving technologies being developed to lower the water requirement of the rice crop to address the issue of water scarcity in tropical agriculture. Literature reveals that radiation use efficiency (RUE) in aerobic culture is comparable to or higher than that in flooded culture. Water inputs in aerobic rice are 50% lower (only 470 mm - 650 mm), 64-80% higher water productivities, 28-44% lower gross return, 55% lower labor use than flooded rice. But, micronutrient deficiencies especially Fe and Mn due to change in soil redox potential, infestation of root knot nematodes and interaction of biotic- abiotic stresses, increasing soil pH and high weed pressure led to yield failure or severe yield penalty in some cases. Grain yield reduction up to 25% or more has been reported by aerobic crop. This article reviews the possible interventions and modifications in morphological and physiological traits, appropriate breeding strategies for development of ideotype for aerobic situation on nutrient and weed management, water productivity and bio-energetics for sustaining rice production for immediate future to avert water scarcity and ensure food security.
Problematika Tanggung Jawab Sosial dan Lingkungan Perusahaan
Authors: Nursasmita Muhammad Akbar
Published: February 2025

The challenge of implementing social and environmental responsibility from a regional government perspective creates its own problems, especially in the context corporate social responsibility which have correlation fulfillment human rights. This research uses normative research methods. The results of this research found that CSR is a concept that continues to develop and finds a balance between companies or business entities that are seeking profit and their responsibilities to society and the environment. Furthermore, the implementation of CSR in the local government faced several problems, such as legal and social. On the other hand, the justification for CSR carried out by business entities can be seen from a human rights perspective, where apart from the state as the holder of obligations, business entities can also play an important role in their obligations towards human rights.Keywords: CSR, Local Government, Human Rights.
Integrasi Zakat sebagai Reformulasi Kebijakan Fiskal Indonesia Berbasis Syariah dengan Prinsip Ekonomi Islam
Authors: Saini Saini , Hasan Zaenol
Published: February 2025

As an essential part of Islamic economic instruments, Zakat has a strategic role in supporting Sharia-based fiscal policies in Indonesia. Integrating Zakat into fiscal policy can strengthen budgetary sustainability and improve social justice through wealth redistribution, economic empowerment, and poverty alleviation. This study explores the potential of Zakat in supporting the reformulation of a more inclusive and equitable fiscal policy. The method used in this study is thematic with a library research approach, reviewing literature on Zakat, budgetary policy, and Islamic economics. The study results show that Zakat contributes to the equitable distribution of wealth and empowers the economy through transparent and accountable management. Zakat also plays a role in strengthening collaboration with financial authorities to improve the efficiency of its collection and distribution. The principles of Islamic economics, such as social justice, multi-type ownership, and equitable distribution, provide a strong foundation for efficient and inclusive resource management. This study recommends optimizing Zakat through digital technology and strengthening synergy between institutions for more effective zakat management.
Peran Bank Garansi dalam Mengurangi Risiko Bisnis pada Proyek Konstruksi di Indonesia
Authors: Rosiga Fonnyta Laurenzia
Published: February 2025

The banking and construction industry has a strategic role in supporting economic stability and growth in Indonesia. Bank guarantee as one of the important instruments in the banking sector, provides guarantees to the recipient of customer obligations. In the construction industry, bank guarantees are used to mitigate risks in infrastructure development projects. However, the regulations governing the bank guarantee mechanism are still general and not detailed, giving rise to many interpretations and deviations. This affects dispute resolution, project implementation, and trust between the parties involved. On the other hand, challenges in the construction industry, such as project delays, contract disputes, and regulatory complexity, are also obstacles in supporting national development. Therefore, it is necessary to prepare more detailed regulations and standardize operational procedures related to bank guarantees, as well as strengthen supervision and professionalism in the construction industry, to create legal certainty, efficiency, and sustainability of national infrastructure development. The method used in this study is normative. Relevant legislative and conceptual approaches.
Pengaruh Model Pembelajaran Project-Based Learning dan Gaya Belajar terhadap Keterampilan Proses Sains Peserta Didik Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Farasi Angelia Aprilyani , Laoli Jeni Derana , Mendrofa Margareta Jelita Kristiani , Mendrofa Margareth , Mendrofa Marta Puspita Dewi , Mendrofa Mersi Onike , Telaumbanua Mestika Kristiani , Dohona Serasti , Harefa Edward
Published: February 2025

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh model pembelajaran berbasis proyek dan gaya belajar terhadap keterampilan sains peserta didik di SDN 076438 Hiligodu Somӧlӧ-mӧlӧ. Peneliti berharap penelitian ini dapat menambah wawasan kita tentang model pembelajaran dan gaya belajar yang dapat diterapkan di sekolah dasar. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif dengan desain penelitian faktorial dengan menggunakan teknik purposive sampling sehingga diperoleh sampel sebanyak 44 peserta didik yang dibagi menjadi kelompok kontrol dan kelompok eksperimen. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh model project-based learning dan gaya belajar kinestetik terhadap keterampilan proses sains di SDN 076438 Hiligodu Somӧlӧ-mӧlӧ. Hal ini dapat dilihat dari perbedaan nilai yang signifikan antara kelompok kontrol dan kelompok eksperimen dimana nilai sig 0,85 > 0,05 bahwasanya H1 diterima dan Ho ditolak. Peneliti memperoleh hasil N-Gain kelompok kontrol < dari hasil kelompok eksperimen.
Pengembangan Aplikasi Mobile Learning (SIMOBILE) Berbasis Android pada Muatan Pembelajaran IPA SD
Authors: Imaduddin Muhammad , Damayanti Nora Sara
Published: February 2025

Pembelajaran IPA ialah konsep terpadu dan terpenting untuk mempelajari alam sekitar maupun diri peserta didik. Berdasar pra-penelitian di SDN 1 Datar Jepara diketemukan permasalahan dipembelajaran IPA yang belum maksimal. Penggunaan media pembelajaran IPA berbasis IT belum optimal serta sumber belajar terbatas berakibat hasil belajar IPA rendah dikarenakan kurangnya motivasi peserta didik belajar. Tujuan penelitian ialah mengembangkan dan menguji kelayakan media aplikasi mobile learning (simobile) berbasis android pada muatan pembelajaran IPA kelas V SDN 1 Datar Kabupaten Jepara. Model penelitian pengembangan Borg dan Gall dengan angket validasi sebagai instrumen pengumpulan data. Simobile dikembangkan sesuai kebutuhan guru dan peserta didik dalam pembelajaran IPA. Pengembangan simobile dirancang dengan karakteristik yang secara khusus meliputi splash screen, halaman login, menu utama, temu virtual, informasi, kompetensi, materi, games, evaluasi, sertifikat dan keluar. Simobile dikembangkan berdasar penilaian kelayakan ahli media, dan materi. Berdasar penilaian kelayakan ahli media simobile dengan skor persentase penilaian sebesar 88%, sedangkan penilaian ahli materi sebesar 89% berkriteria sangat layak. Serta pada angket tanggapan guru dan peserta didik yang mendapat persentase 90% dan 95% terkategori sangat baik. Simpulannya aplikasi mobile learning (simobile) berbasis android layak diterapkan di pembelajaran IPA SD.
Identifikasi Kelebihan Kurikulum Merdeka dalam Pembelajaran Sekolah Dasar di Banyuwangi
Authors: Darmayanti Vivi , Dewi Naomi Dias Laksita , Arif Moh. Badrus Sholeh
Published: February 2025

Kurikulum merdeka mendukung pembelajaran yang berpusat pada siswa. Siswa diberi kebebasan untuk memilih dan menentukan cara belajarnya sendiri sehingga diharapkan mampu mengembangkan minat dan potensi siswa. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi beberapa kelebihan kurikulum merdeka dalam pembelajaran di sekolah dasar. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah angket yang diberikan kepada 18 guru SD/ MI di Banyuwangi yang telah mengimplementasikan kurikulum merdeka. Analisis data menggunakan deskriptif kuantitatif dalam bentuk persentase. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kelebihan kurikulum merdeka pada indikator kurikulum merdeka lebih mendalam mencapai 50%, indikator kurikulum merdeka memberi kebebasan kepada siswa mencapai 28%, indikator kurikulum merdeka lebih relevan dan interaktif mencapai 28%, indikator struktur kurikulum merdeka lebih fleksibel mencapai 28%, indikator kurikulum merdeka lebih fokus pada materi esensial mencapai 39%, indikator kurikulum merdeka menggunakan beragam perangkat pembelajaran 44%, indikator pembelajaran dengan kurikulum merdeka lebih menyenangkan mencapai 67%, dan indikator kurikulum merdeka dapat mengembangkan potensi siswa mencapai 61%.
Integrasi Nilai-nilai Kearifan Lokal melalui Lagu Jember Nusantara dalam Pembelajaran Seni Budaya di Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Proborini Chandra Ayu , Rochmah Ainur , Suhartiningsih Suhartiningsih
Published: February 2025

Kearifan lokal menjadi hal yang penting untuk diterapkan dalam dunia pendidikan sejak jenjang pendidikan dasar. Integrasi nilai kearifan lokal dalam pada mata pelajaran disekolah menjadi salah satu bentuk implementasinya. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah menjelaskan bagaimana eksplorasi integrasi nilai-nilai kearifan lokal melalui lagu Jember Nusantara dalam pembelajaran seni budaya di Sekolah Dasar. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif, yaitu menyajikan hasil analisis yang rinci dan sitematis tanpa menggunakan perhitungan statistik atau kuantifikasi. Teknik pengumpulan data pada penulisan artikel ini menggunakan teknik observasi partisipatif dan analisis dokumen. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa integrasi nilai-nilai kearifan lokal melalui lagu Jember Nusantara dalam proses pembelajaran seni budaya di Sekolah Dasar dapat meningkatkan kemampuan akademik, keterampilan seni dan kemampuan sosial.
KARAKTERISTIK HALAL PADA BARANG YANG DIPERDAGANGKAN OLEH PENJUAL PADA TRANSAKSI PERDAGANGAN ONLINE (E-COMMERCE)
Authors: Shiddiq Aulia Ash
Published: February 2025

The increasing number of Covid-19 cases has increased public awareness of the virus. This is supported by the government's recommendation to always wear a mask and use hand sanitizer. However, in this situation, some irresponsible people hoard goods by buying products in large quantities and selling them at higher prices through online buying and selling platforms (e-commerce) when the products become difficult to obtain. Sale and purchase transactions carried out directly or online (e-commerce) that sell products at prices above reasonable limits must fulfill the legal pillars and conditions outlined in Islamic law and civil law, namely regarding people, goods, contracts, and exchange rates to achieve the validity of a product being traded. Hoarding and selling them at very high prices during times of scarcity is not justified in Islam and is also prohibited in commercial law, which, if violated, is subject to imprisonment and/or fines. In addition, in the context of civil law, the act of hoarding goods and selling them at unfair prices can be considered a violation of the principles of fairness and propriety in transactions. This can also harm consumers who need these goods for their daily needs. Therefore, it is important for the government and authorized parties to supervise and take firm action against such practices. In Islamic law, the practice of hoarding goods is known as ikhtiar which is strictly prohibited because it can cause distress to the community. Therefore, maintaining fairness and balance in trade is the moral and religious responsibility of every individual. Therefore, the community needs to raise awareness and act in mutual cooperation. The government is also expected to provide assistance and support to communities affected by the pandemic.
Keywords: Halal Characteristic, Product, E-Commerce
Às margens de Diadorim
Authors: Witzler Sofia Barrozo , Beccari Marcos Namba
Published: February 2025

Em Grande Sertão: Veredas, o amor “proibido” de Riobaldo por seu amigo, o jagunço Diadorim, entrelaça-se com o mito fáustico em uma narrativa marcada pela ambiguidade. Nesse contexto, Diadorim surge como uma figura multifacetada, cuja imagem se transforma continuamente, refletindo a percepção de Riobaldo e desafiando as convenções de gênero e sexualidade. Assim, a figura de Diadorim, e o imaginário que se desdobra a partir dela, compõem o objeto de estudo desse artigo. Diadorim atravessa de uma margem para outra; Diadorim é homem, é uma mulher que se veste de homem... o que é Diadorim?
Cyber Notary di Indonesia: Tantangan, Peluang dan Kebutuhan Rekonstruksi Hukum
Authors: Rizkianti Wardani , Hutabarat Sylvana Murni Deborah , Nugroho Andriyanti Adhi , Firdaus Muhammad Bintang , Latri Akhdan Adityo
Published: February 2025

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis keabsahan hukum penerapan Cyber Notary di Indonesia dalam perspektif Undang-Undang Jabatan Notaris. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode yuridis empiris dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penerapan Cyber Notary di Indonesia memiliki potensi untuk meningkatkan efisiensi dan efektivitas dalam pelaksanaan tugas notaris, namun masih menghadapi berbagai tantangan. Tantangan utama termasuk kepastian hukum, legalitas sistem, dan ketidaksesuaian regulasi yang ada. Meskipun beberapa aktivitas kenotariatan sudah dapat dilakukan secara elektronik, pembuatan akta otentik secara elektronik masih memerlukan rekonstruksi hukum yang lebih komprehensif. Disarankan agar dilakukan pembaruan pada Undang-Undang Jabatan Notaris untuk mengakomodasi penggunaan teknologi elektronik, pengembangan infrastruktur hukum yang mendukung transaksi elektronik, serta peningkatan sosialisasi dan pelatihan kepada notaris. Selain itu, kolaborasi dengan organisasi internasional juga penting untuk memastikan penerapan Cyber Notary di Indonesia diakui secara global.
Preventing Money Laundering Through The Know Your Customer Principle by Indonesian Notary in Foundation Establishment
Authors: Irawan Randyarsa Nurindra
Published: February 2025

According to Indonesian law, foundation is a legal entity consisting of segregated assets intended to achieve certain social, religious, and humanitarian goals, which has no members. The establishment of a foundation in Indonesia has three important stages, namely establishment, ratification, and announcement. The first stage, the establishment of the foundation must be based on the deed of establishment made by an Indonesian Notary. The second stage, the ratification of the foundation, is authorized by the Minister of Law and Human Rights of Indonesia. The third stage, namely the foundation, must be immediately announced in the Supplement to the State Gazette of the Republic of Indonesia. The main regulation relating to foundations in Indonesia is Law Number 28 of 2004 concerning Amendments to Law Number 16 of 2001 concerning Foundations. In order to prevent money laundering, preventive measures such as Know Your Customer Principle must be taken in the process of establishing a foundation. Know Your Customer Principle supports the principle of accountability of a foundation in knowing the source of funds used in the foundation. The purpose of this study is to analyze the application of Know Your Customer Principle in the foundation establishment stage in Indonesia and the challenges of Know Your Customer Principle application in the foundation establishment stage in Indonesia. This type of research is normative legal research with a statutory research approach, conceptual approach, and comparative approach that compares foundation establishments in Indonesia and Malaysia. The implication of this problem is that in the foundation establishment stage, if the application of Know Your Customer Principle is not carried out firmly, considering the large number of foundations that are established, it can cause the potential for a foundation not to be optimally supervised such as sources of funds derived from money laundering crimes. There needs to be a superior institution that supervises foundations facilitated by the State, so that foundations in the future can be controlled and do not commit fraudulent acts. Indonesian notary are one of the parties that have an important role in carrying out Know Your Customer Principles, so that the accountability of a Notary in Indonesia will also be involved in the context of establishing a foundation.
Lithium-rich, oxygen-deficient spinel obtained through low-temperature decomposition of heterometallic molecular precursor
Authors: Zhang Yuxuan , Wei Zheng , Batuk Maria , Hadermann Joke , Filatov Alexander S. , Chang Joyce , Han Haixiang , Abakumov Artem M. , Dikarev Evgeny V.
Published: February 2025

A heterometallic single-source molecular precursor Li2Mn2(tbaoac)6 (1 , tbaoac = tert -butyl acetoacetato) has been specifically designed to achieve the lowest decomposition temperature and a clean conversion to mixed-metal oxides. The crystal structure of this tetranuclear molecule was determined by single crystal X-ray diffraction, and the retention of heterometallic structure in solution and in the gas phase was confirmed by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and mass spectrometry, respectively. Thermal decomposition of this precursor at the temperatures as low as 310 oC resulted in a new metastable oxide phase formulated as lithium-rich, oxygen-deficient spinel Li1.5Mn1.5O3.5. This formulation was supported by a comprehensive suite of techniques including thermogravimetric/differential thermal analysis, elemental analysis, inductively coupled mass spectrometry, iodometric titration, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy studies, and Rietveld refinement from powder X-ray diffraction data. Upon heating to about 400 oC, this new low-temperature phase disproportionates stoichiometrically, gradually converting to layered Li2MnO3 and spinel Li1+x Mn2-x O4 (x < 0.5). Further heating to 750 oC results in formation of thermodynamically stable Li2MnO3 and LiMn2O4 phases.
Recent progress of photothermal catalysts for carbon dioxide conversion
Authors: Choi Sang Hun , Song Inhak , Dong Wan Jae
Published: February 2025

Photothermal catalysis has emerged as a promising strategy for converting carbon dioxide (CO2) into value-added chemicals and fuels, offering a dual-energy approach that combines light and thermal energy to drive reactions under mild conditions. Photothermal effects are usually demonstrated by using plasmonic nanoparticles, which generate hot carriers and localized heating through light absorption. These effects facilitate chemical reactions by lowering activation barriers and increasing reaction rates. The synergy between hot carrier-induced redox reactions and thermocatalytic processes driven by localized heating allows for the activation of challenging reactions with reduced energy inputs. The balance between these pathways can be optimized through rational design of photothermal catalysts. In this review, we highlight recent advancements in catalyst materials, especially emphasizing the importance of photothermal effects to achieve higher efficiencies in CO2 conversion reactions such as CO2 hydrogenation and dry reforming of methane, both of which are vital for reducing greenhouse gases and producing clean fuels. Finally, the current challenges, outlook, and new strategies for catalyst optimization will be discussed to realize the full potential of photothermal catalysis in creating a sustainable and low-carbon energy future.
Development of “Green” Energy in Central Asia
Authors: Danilin I.
Published: February 2025

The article analyzes the state of the renewable energy sector in Central Asia. Particular attention is paid to external resources for the development of renewable energy sources (RES), including investments from foreign companies and support from international financial institutions. Hydrogen projects and the creation of “green” energy corridors to the European Union are also considered from this point of view. Based on the analysis of regional impediments to the development of RES; technical, financial and general economic challenges of energy corridors; limitations of the “green” development model for the region, a conclusion is made about the high importance of non-economic factors in the formation of the Central Asian renewable energy sector. In particular, businesses make special emphasis on the reputational aspects of “green” projects (including greenwashing), while local elites emphasize “normalizing” of national policies in respect to the global green agenda. Particular attention is paid to the EU and China, which use the green agenda and RES investments to project their influence in the region. It is concluded that although the development of RES will bring certain positive changes, its transformational potential for the Central Asian economies is limited. In first place this is due to the absence of a comprehensive approach for the development of innovation systems and economic institutions as an important condition for regional green growth. Increasing dependence on partner countries is also considered as a risk.
Belarus’s Military-Political Significance for Russia
Authors: Krivopalov A.
Published: February 2025

This article examines the military-strategic importance of the Belarusian ally for Russia in connection with the events of the Special Military Operation in Ukraine. The author focuses on the fact that the concepts of combat and mobilization readiness of the armed forces are not identical to each other. Unlike the combat readiness, the mobilization readiness of the Belarusian army has traditionally remained low. Due to defense budget limitations, the ground forces had only skeleton personnel strength. The systematic preparations necessary to maintain the units in permanent readiness for deployment are neglected. Only a few Special Operations Forces are constantly on alert. Although the Belarusian military system was not initially focused on waging a major war, Belarus is strategically very important for Russia, primarily in the territorial geographical dimension.
Pengenalan Akuntansi Forensik dan Literasi Anti Fraud bagi Generasi Z Kota Serang
Authors: Arianto Bambang , Suningrat
Published: February 2025

This community service activity aims to strengthen the understanding of the importance of forensic accounting and anti-fraud literacy for generation Z. Forensic accounting is a scheme that can be developed as a preventive, detective and persuasive strategy through the application of investigative audit procedures with a litigation nature aimed at producing various findings and evidence, so that they can be used in the decision-making process in court. Understanding forensic accounting and anti-fraud literacy is very important for the lazy generation because it will form anti-fraud integrity. Strengthening forensic accounting literacy and anti-fraud literacy is very necessary so that the lazy generation can understand the triggering factors, and effective internal control strategies to mitigate the risk of fraud in the financial sector. This community service was carried out on 4th October, 2024 at SMK Negeri 7 Serang City, by providing training and assistance on the introduction of forensic accounting and anti-fraud literacy for generation Z in Serang City. In this training, various knowledge and education have been provided in the form of basic concepts of forensic accounting, fraud theory, forensic audits, investigative audits and stages of anti-fraud literacy for the lazy generation. The success of this community service activity is known to generation Z, who have been able to recognize, understand and implement the basic concepts of forensic accounting and anti-fraud literacy.
Menekan Hama dan Menaikan Ekonomi Petani: Pembuatan Pestisida Nabati dari Kulit Bawang
Authors: Baraba Raihana Abdul Aziz , Yendrawati Reni
Published: February 2025

The use of chemical pesticides in agriculture is often a quick and effective way to control pests, but it can have a negative impact on soil fertility and the environment. One of the proposed solutions is the production of plant-based pesticides from natural materials, such as shallot peel, which contain active pest repellents (OPTs). This programme aims to educate farmers in Ngargomulyo village, Tanen hamlet, on the importance of using organic materials and managing soil pH to improve the fertility of their farmland. The activity began with a land survey on 9 August, followed by soil pH testing using a pH meter in several rice fields in the village. The methods used included advice, mentoring and direct application of plant protection products to the farmland. The results of the programme showed that farmers in Tanen Hamlet gained a better understanding of the benefits of organic materials such as shallot skin in protecting crops from pests, as well as the importance of maintaining soil pH balance to remain fertile. In addition, by reducing the use of chemical pesticides, farmers can minimise negative impacts on the soil and the environment and reduce production costs. It is hoped that this programme will encourage farmers to use more natural materials in their farming activities in the future. This program can be developed into commercial product to be sold to other farmers, thereby increasing the added value of waste into products of economic value
Evolving Tensegrity Façade Systems: Computational Morphogenesis Through Multi-Step Optimization and Digital Fabrication of Structural Modules
Authors: IVANOV Martin , SATO Jun
Published: February 2025

In the field of façade design and engineering, the tensegrity structural principle may be utilized in pursuit of flexible, lightweight, and adaptable building envelopes. Depending on their geometry, tensegrity structures can form planar or nonplanar grids suitable for facades, and as prestressed structures, they tend to be resistant to dynamic loads such as seismic forces and wind. However, the form-finding process requires nonlinear analysis and physical simulations, and to optimize façade structures for a multitude of environmental objectives, computational analyses, and multi-objective optimization algorithms should also be implemented, which can further complicate the process. Addressing this challenge, this research introduces a tensegrity façade system developed through a multi-step approach. Initially, a simplified structural model is analyzed and optimized under assumed loads, which is then followed by the generation of a complex shape compression module, developed to account for a variety of environmental factors. This method enhances flexibility in the early design stages and provides an array of design solutions depending on the specific project requirements. The proposed system can provide high structural, material, and energy efficiency, and also improve the building occupants’ experience and comfort. The method was tested through computer simulations and produced results were built as physical mockups.
Developing Undergraduate Critical Thinking Skills in Mechanics through the Use of Case Method-Based Teaching Materials with QR Code Videos
Authors: Defianti Aprina , Sutarno Sutarno , Johan Henny
Published: February 2025

This research aims to evaluate the effectiveness of using case method-based teaching materials with QR code videos on undergraduate students' critical thinking skills in mechanics. This research used a quasi-experimental method with a post-test-only control group design. A sample of 2 classes was taken using a purposive sampling technique. The experimental class used case method-based mechanics teaching materials and videos in QR codes, while the control class used print-outs of material summaries. Data collection was carried out through observation and critical thinking skills tests. Critical thinking skills test results data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. The t-test of two independent non-homogeneous samples is used to test the hypothesis of differences in means. The t-test results showed a difference in the average critical thinking skills scores of experimental and control class students with , greater than  at  (rounded up to 43). Based on these results, using case method-based mechanics teaching materials and videos in QR codes effectively develops students' critical thinking skills with an effectiveness level of 0.82, which means highly influential.
Antecedents of Tawhidic Culture for Developing Sustainable Competitive Advantage Through a Strategic Approach
Authors: Budiyono Rokhmad , Widodo Widodo , Purwanto Edy
Published: February 2025

This article aims to empirically prove a new theoretical approach developed to address the gap in prior research regarding the impact of organizational learning on sustainable competitive advantage from the perspective of a shared vision. It focuses on tawhidic culture that is aligned with the exploitation and exploration of knowledge. The design research was conducted by distributing a questionnaire to 117 respondents from 54 private universities in Central Java, Indonesia. The data obtained from the questionnaires was then processed using the structural equation modeling (SEM) technique. The research findings indicate that implementing tawhidic culture in a private university in Central Java has a positive impact towards sustainable competitive advantage. This impact occurs when tawhidic culture is effectively integrated into all aspects of the institution, including the development of a shared vision through a tawhidic culture, which positively influences the realization of sustainable competitive advantage. The positive influence of a tawhidic culture on enhancing sustainable competitive advantage is also evident when there is an increase in knowledge exploration. This article presents a novel research variable, tawhidic culture, which is constructed based on the integration of the resourcebased view (RBV) theory of strategic assets with the tahidic paradigm. This variable serves as a foundation for enhancing sustainable competitive advantage