bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The effects of lower extremity muscle strength characteristics on grab and track start performance in young competitive swimmers
Authors: Argun Buse , Demirci Nevzat , Umutlu Gökhan
Published: February 2023

BACKGROUND:

Limited data exist regarding segmental contributions of lower extremity muscles to the swim start performance during different start techniques in young swimmers.

OBJECTIVE:

To determine the differences in the kinematic parameters between the grab start (GS) and track start (TS) techniques and assess the interactions between the lower limb muscle strength and swim start performance.

METHODS:

A total of 40 swimmers, 20 girls (age: 13.70 [Formula: see text] 1.80 y, height: 161.65 [Formula: see text] 8.28 cm, body weight: 53.70 [Formula: see text] 8.65 kg) and 20 boys (age: 13.90 [Formula: see text] 1.45 y, height: 160.95 [Formula: see text] 12.70 cm, body weight: 52.95 [Formula: see text] 12.64 kg), 13–16 y of age, at the competitive level were recruited. Ankle, hip, and knee muscles were tested isokinetically at 60[Formula: see text]/s and the tests were spread over 24 h to avoid fatigue. Several elements relating to GS and TS were measured using a motion pick-up video camera.

RESULTS:

The angle of entry (EA) at water and knee joint angle (KA) were significantly greater during GS both for boys (EA: 44.18 [Formula: see text] 1.07[Formula: see text] vs. 43.03 [Formula: see text] 1.28[Formula: see text]; KA: 112.10 [Formula: see text] 15.25[Formula: see text] vs. 107.21 [Formula: see text] 21.13[Formula: see text] and girls (45.09 [Formula: see text] 1.28[Formula: see text] vs. 43.36 [Formula: see text] 1.55[Formula: see text]; KA: 103.08 [Formula: see text] 11.21[Formula: see text] vs. 97.45 [Formula: see text] 19.52[Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] 0.05). Flight time (FT), flight distance (FD), KA, and flight velocity (FV) were significantly higher for boys both during GS and TS, whereas EA was significantly lower for boys during GS compared to girls ([Formula: see text] 0.05). Lower limb strength performance was positively significantly correlated with FT, FD, and FV both during GS and TS ([Formula: see text] 0.05). Hip muscle strength was inversely correlated with the EA both during GS and TS ([Formula: see text] 0.05). The combination of the knee, ankle, and hip extensor and flexor muscle strengths had a greater effect during GS (35% vs. 29%) in RT, (48% vs. 46%) in FT, (59% vs. 57%) in FD, and (63% vs. 57%) in FV compared to the TS.

CONCLUSIONS:

Incorporating lower body strength training into the swimming training schedule may improve swim start performance variables during grab start and track start techniques.
Longitudinal Spatial Relationships Between Atrophy and Hypometabolism Across the Alzheimer’s Disease Continuum
Authors: Stocks Jane ,   for the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative, Heywood Ashley , Popuri Karteek , Beg Mirza Faisal , Rosen Howie , Wang Lei
Published: February 2023

Background: The A/T/N framework allows for the assessment of pathology-specific markers of MRI-derived structural atrophy and hypometabolism on 18FDG-PET. However, how these measures relate to each other locally and distantly across pathology-defined A/T/N groups is currently unclear. Objective: To determine the regions of association between atrophy and hypometabolism in A/T/N groups both within and across time points. Methods: We examined multivariate multimodal neuroimaging relationships between MRI and 18FDG-PET among suspected non-Alzheimer’s disease pathology (SNAP) (A–T/N+; n = 14), Amyloid Only (A+T–N–; n = 24) and Probable AD (A+T+N+; n = 77) groups. Sparse canonical correlation analyses were employed to model spatially disjointed regions of association between MRI and 18FDG-PET data. These relationships were assessed at three combinations of time points –cross-sectionally, between baseline visits and between month 12 (M-12) follow-up visits, as well as longitudinally between baseline and M-12 follow-up. Results: In the SNAP group, spatially overlapping relationships between atrophy and hypometabolism were apparent in the bilateral temporal lobes when both modalities were assessed at the M-12 timepoint. Amyloid-Only subjects showed spatially discordant distributed atrophy-hypometabolism relationships at all time points assessed. In Probable AD subjects, local correlations were evident in the bilateral temporal lobes when both modalities were assessed at baseline and at M-12. Across groups, hypometabolism at baseline correlated with non-local, or distant, atrophy at M-12. Conclusion: These results support the view that local concordance of atrophy and hypometabolism is the result of a tau-mediated process driving neurodegeneration.
Mitochondria Profoundly Influence Apolipoprotein E Biology
Authors: Gabrielli Alexander P. , Weidling Ian , Ranjan Amol , Wang Xiaowan , Novikova Lesya , Chowdhury Subir Roy , Menta Blaise , Berkowicz Alexandra , Wilkins Heather M. , Peterson Kenneth R. , Swerdlow Russell H.
Published: February 2023

Background: Mitochondria can trigger Alzheimer’s disease (AD)-associated molecular phenomena, but how mitochondria impact apolipoprotein E (APOE; apoE) is not well known. Objective: Consider whether and how mitochondrial biology influences APOE and apoE biology. Methods: We measured APOE expression in human SH-SY5Y neuronal cells with different forms of mitochondrial dysfunction including total, chronic mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) depletion (ρ0 cells); acute, partial mtDNA depletion; and toxin-induced mitochondrial dysfunction. We further assessed intracellular and secreted apoE protein levels in the ρ0 cells and interrogated the impact of transcription factors and stress signaling pathways known to influence APOE expression. Results: SH-SY5Y ρ0 cells exhibited a 65-fold increase in APOE mRNA, an 8-fold increase in secreted apoE protein, and increased intracellular apoE protein. Other models of primary mitochondrial dysfunction including partial mtDNA-depletion, toxin-induced respiratory chain inhibition, and chemical-induced manipulations of the mitochondrial membrane potential similarly increased SH-SY5Y cell APOE mRNA. We explored potential mediators and found in the ρ0 cells knock-down of the C/EBPα and NFE2L2 (Nrf2) transcription factors reduced APOE mRNA. The activity of two mitogen-activated protein kinases, JNK and ERK, also strongly influenced ρ0 cell APOE mRNA levels. Conclusion: Primary mitochondrial dysfunction either directly or indirectly activates APOE expression in a neuronal cell model by altering transcription factors and stress signaling pathways. These studies demonstrate mitochondrial biology can influence the biology of the APOE gene and apoE protein, which are implicated in AD.
Assessing the impact of job demands and hazardous workload activities on musculoskeletal symptoms in stone, sand, and gravel mining operations
Authors: Smith Todd D. , Yu Zuojin , Balogun Abdulrazak O.
Published: February 2023

BACKGROUND: Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) and associated musculoskeletal symptoms (MSS) are problematic in stone, sand, and gravel mining. Research is needed to explore relationships between job demands, work-related hazards and MSS. OBJECTIVE: An exploratory study was conducted in Indiana during 2019–2020 to examine associations between job demands, work-related hazards and MSS. METHODS: Through convenience sampling, cross-sectional survey data from 459 workers were collected and analyzed using logistic multiple and binary logistic regression methods. Outcome variables were MSS to the low back, neck/shoulder, and wrist/hand. Predictor variables and MSS measures are based on the Dutch Musculoskeletal Questionnaire. RESULTS: Increased odds of low back MSS were related to dynamic loads (OR = 2.14), pushing/pulling heavy loads (OR = 1.56), torso bending or twisting (OR = 2.36), bent, stooped, or twisted posture (OR = 2.04), uncomfortable postures (OR = 2.07), repetition (OR = 1.67) and vibrating tools (OR = 1.81). Increased odds of neck/shoulder MSS were related to dynamic loads (OR = 1.83), static loads (OR = 1.24), heavy lifting (OR = 1.50), pushing/pulling heavy loads (OR = 1.68), bending or twisting of the neck (OR = 1.82), twisted neck posture (OR = 1.77) and uncomfortable postures (OR = 1.81). Increased odds of wrist/hand MSS were related to dynamic loads (OR = 2.06), static loads (OR = 1.45), bending or twisting of the wrists/hands (OR = 10.52), extended reaching (OR = 3.05), repetition (OR = 5.25), awkward postures (OR = 4.47), working above shoulder level (OR = 2.47), and vibrating tools (OR = 1.78). CONCLUSION: Hazards that increased the likelihood of MSS were identified. These hazards should be abated or controlled to prevent MSDs in stone, sand, and gravel mining. More applied research, including ergonomic assessments to further identify hazards that can be controlled or abated, is warranted.
RICT: Rotating image computed tomography with a one-to-one reversible image rotation algorithm
Authors: Wang Chengxiang , Gordon Richard
Published: February 2023

BACKGROUND: The Mueller, Siddon and Joseph weighting algorithms are frequently used for projection and back-projection, which are relatively complicated when they are implemented in computer code. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to reduce the actual complexity of the projection and back-projection. METHODS: First, we neglect the exact shape of the pixel, so that its shadow is a rectangle projecting precisely to a detector bin, which implies that all the pixel weights are exactly 1 for each ray through them, otherwise are exactly 0. Next, a one-to-one reversible image rotation algorithm (RIRA) is proposed to compute the projection and back-projection, where two one-to-one mapping lists namely, U and V, are used to store the coordinates of a rotated pixel and its corresponding new coordinates, respectively. For each 2D projection, the projection is simply the column sum in each orientation according to the lists U and V. For each 2D back-projection, it is simply to arrange the projection to the corresponding column element according to the lists U and V. Thus, there is no need for an interpolation in the projection and back-projection. Last, a rotating image computed tomography (RICT) based on RIRA is proposed to reconstruct the image. RESULTS: Experiments show the RICT reconstructs a good image that is close to the result of filtered back-projection (FBP) method according to the RMSE, PSNR and MSSIM values. What’s more, our weight, projection and back-projection are much easier to be implemented in computer code than the FBP method. CONCLUSION: This study demonstrates that the RIRA method has potential to be used to simplify many computed tomography image reconstruction algorithms.
Konstruksi Gender Perempuan Ideal dalam Iklan Sabun Lux Edisi Super Power (dalam kajian semiotika Roland Barthes)
Authors: Sari Diana Ana
Published: February 2023

Abstract: The gender issues seem to have been completed, but the discussions about gender have never been finished until now. Gender constructs developed in the community have always left traces of women and men on the description of traits, tasks, and gender roles. These portrayals began to be produced by several advertising companies, in which, the most highlighted object in the advertising world is mainly woman. It’s no wonder that women are the favorite target of various parties and professions, bothphotographers and cameramen, advertisers, marketers, and so on.                The attraction of women is indeed very unique and specific that can be noticed by men. Not only is the female body posture that brings attraction, namely from hair to toe, women's attractiveness can also be seen from her behaviour. Everything is very interesting,not even for the opposite sex only, but also for other women themselves. One of the ads that constructs about the characteristics of women so prominently is the super power edition of Lux soap ads that shows the criteria of the ideal woman of the moment. Discourse on women's mass media advertising is often positioned not as a subject but instead as an object sign. Regarding to the sign, the author uses semiotic analysis.Keyword: Gender, Ideal woman, and Advertisement.

Abstrak: Permasalahan Gender sepertinyatampak sudah selesai, namun pembahasan gender tidak pernah ada habisnya sampai saat ini. Konstruk gender yang berkembang di masyarakat sejak dulu masih menyisakan bekas terhadap perempuan dan laki-laki mengenai penggambaran sifat-sifat, tugas-tugas, dan peran gender. Penggambaran tersebut mulai diproduksi oleh beberapa pihak iklan, yang sering disorot dalam dunia periklanan adalah kaum perempuan. Tidak heran jika perempuan menjadi sasaran favorit berbagai pihak dan profesi, baik fotografer, kameramen, pengiklan, pemasar, dan sebagainya.

Daya tarik perempuan tersebut memang sangat khas, unik, dan spesifik yang bisa ditemui oleh laki-laki. Tidak saja postur tubuh perempuan yang mendatangkan daya tarik yaitu dari rambut sampai ujung kaki, daya tarik perempuan juga dapat dilihat dari perliakunya. Semuanya sangat menarik perhatian, bahkan tidak saja lawan jenis, tetapi juga bagi sesama perempuan itu sendiri. Salah satu iklan yang mengkonstruk tentang sifat-sifat perempuan yang ditampilkan cukup menonjol yaitu iklan sabun lux edisi super power yang menunjukkan ciri-ciri perempuan yang menjadi idaman saat ini. Wacana iklan media massa perempuan sering diposisikan bukan sebagai subyek tetapi sebaliknya sebagai obyek tanda (sign object). Berkaitan dengan tanda tersebut penulis menggunakan analisis semiotika.
Pemberdayaan Perempuan Melalui Taman Baca Masyarakat Wijaya Kusuma Sleman Yogyakarta
Authors: Dian Pangesti Novita , Bustomi Ahmad
Published: February 2023

Abstract

The increasing of woman life quality probably can be showed by GEM (Gender Empowerment Measurament) measured by woman participation in economic or politic aspect. In Yogyakara especially in Sleman city, the number of woman as housewife are 15.6% or 164.309 woman who a half of them have much free times. According that condition Taman Bacaan Masyarakat (TBM) Wijaya Kusuma do empowerment to housewife. The activity is quite interesting because usually TBM only gives literation to childreen (kid) but TBM Wijaya Kusuma has woman empowerment program. The research result shows that the starategy of TBM are: firstly, it devides into two parts base on skill of member. Secondly, training skill for member. Thirdly, separating the network for member who has business. Result of this research after the member join in this program such as the increasing of knowledge and skill, able to produce something and get additional income and the last there is participation in team.  

Key Word: Empowerment Strategy, Empowerment Result.

Abstrak

            Meningkatnya kualitas hidup kaum perempuan dapat ditujukan dengan GEM (Gender Empowerment Measurament) yang diukur melalui partisipasi kaum perempuan di bidang ekonomi maupun politik. Di Yogyakarta khususnya Kabupaten Sleman jumlah perempuan yang bekerja sebagai ibu rumah tangga yaitu 15,6% atau 164.309 jiwa yang sebagian dari mereka banyak memiliki waktu luang. Berdasarkan permasalahan tersebut muncul Taman Bacaan Masyarakat (TBM) Wijaya Kusuma yang melakukan pemberdayaan perempuan untu ibu rumah tangga. Kegiatan tersebut cukup unik karena biasanya TBM hanya memberikan literasi kepada anak-anak usia sekolah, namun TBM Wijaya Kusuma mempunyai program pemberdayaan perempuan. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa strategi pemberdayaan perempuan yang dilakukan oleh TBM pertama,  membaginya menjadi dua kelompok yang ditentukan berdasarkan skill anggota., kedua dengan adanya kegiatan pelatihan keterampilan untuk anggota kelompok, ketiga adanya penyaluran jaringan usaha untuk anggota kelompok yang sudah memiliki usaha. Dilihat dari hasil yang diperoleh perempuan setelah mengikuti program pemberdayaan di TBM adalah bertambahnya wawasan dan keterampilan, mampu produksi dan penghasilan tambahan, dan terahir adanya partisipasi anggota dalam kegiatan kelompok.

 

Kata Kunci : Strategi Pemberdayaan, Hasil Pemberdayaan
QMH (Quantifying Mental Health) Key Technologies
Authors: Ternyik Stephen I. , Fermelia Al
Published: February 2023

In order to understand the chaotic nature of mental health, a forensic simulation of the mental health system is under development. This paper discusses the requirements and key techologies based on Ontological Engineering. Ontological engineering is expected to provide a foundation of so-called Content-Directed Artificial Intelligence which relies on the development of an _integrated World Knowledge DataBase _(_WKDB)_ necessary for the understanding of mental health.

In their 2019 paper in Journal of Global Health[1] “Artificial intelligence and algorithmic bias: implications for health systems [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6875681/]. ,” Panch, Mattie, and Rifat Atun define algorithmic bias as the application of an algorithm that compounds existing inequities in socioeconomic status, race, ethnic background, religion, gender, disability, or sexual orientation and amplifies inequities in health systems.

The technologies advocated in this paper when integrated from a “left to right” and at the same time from a “right to left” perspective removes the “bias creep ” which is inherent in the human. The level of “pain” endured by the stakeholders, practioners, and designer's of the system is mitigated by satisfying the Ethics, Economics and Education fusion metric of QMH and will be treated in a following paper. Fusion is nothing more than a ratio of “summing it up and dividing by the parts”. For the understanding of the physical universe is autodidactic and thus yields an understanding of pain and it's quantification from metrics derived from the bias error. This error is a result of the theo-logic difference between ethics and rational principles of morality.
Gaming Borderless Internationalism: How to ‘Interlocalise’ Global System Using Ujamaa Epistemology
Authors: Onditi Francis , Amuhaya Claire
Published: February 2023

This article develops a proposed unifying theoretical framework for the concept of ‘_interlocalisation’_ as an explanatory adjustment to the hegemonic concept of internationalization. This is a response to an exploratory study by Francis Onditi, ‘_Futuring an ‘Inclusive Knowledge Futures’ framework beyond IR theories_’, aimed at elucidating Afrocentric international studies scholars’ understanding of Africa’s futures that emboldens both local and global value systems. In the current article, ‘_interlocalisation’_ is defined as a process of creating a seamless linkage between local epistemologies and international knowledge systems. In this system of knowledge production and consumption, institutions and debates shift from the national scale to the global scale and downwards to the local level. In this proliferation and restless knowledge scaling it remains blurred whether the local African epistemologies and knowledge networks are capable of becoming simultaneously more globalised and transnational. In this article, we utilize the gaming model to pay more attention to the politics of African epistemology (Ujamaa) and its implication on this geographical reconfiguration of the international system.
Geological foundations for determination of anisotropic directions in geostatistical modeling on the example of Verkhnee orebody of the Mnogovershinnoe gold deposit
Authors: Skruybite R. A. , Fakhrutdinov Sh. I.
Published: February 2023

Background. When calculating reserves using geostatistical methods, variographic analysis can occasionally encounter difficulties in determining the direction of the search ellipsoid, particularly in deposits with a lognormal distribution of the useful component. The search ellipsoid defines the main directions of mineralization anisotropy, thus comprising a key element in the process of interpolating grades into a block model. The correct interpolation of grades provides a reliable estimate of reserves.

Aim. To determine the influence of the orebody morphology on anisotropic directions.

Materials and methods. Data from a report on the technical and economic substantiation of the resource and estimation parameters of the Mnogovershinnoe gold deposit for 1975 were used, along with a database comprising catalogues of borehole coordinates, mining outputs, inclinometry and exploratory test data. Three-dimensional computer modeling was performed in the Micromine min­ing and geological information system. Using the example of the Verkhnee orebody of the Mno­govershinnoe gold deposit, statistical and geostatistical studies were carried out to calculate the reserves. The as-calculated reserves were compared with those estimated by a polygonal method and approved by the State Commission for Mineral Reserves (GKZ) USSR in 1975.

Results. The conducted comparison of the geological interpretation of the orebody under study, obtained by both wireframe modeling based on exploratory test data and the search ellipsoid constructed by variographic analysis, сonfirmed the influence of the orebody morphology on the axis directions of the minimal variability of mineralization. The orientation of the search ellipsoid was determined to be consistent with the geological interpretation of the orebody. Verification of the interpolated block model showed the estimate to be close to a reliable value. The comparison of the calculated reserves with those of 1975 showed their good convergence.
A mixed-methods look at college student well-being during COVID-19: the power of positive psychology
Authors:   , Alexander Keely
Published: February 2023

As mental health problems rise among college students, universities will experience increased pressure to provide resources and services to meet students' needs. While a positive psychology (PP) course is not typically taken for therapeutic benefits, completing such a course could be especially relevant to college students as PP courses and PP interventions have shown promise in promoting well-being. Using an exploratory sequential mixed methods design, the current study examined the effects of completing an introductory PP course on students' wellbeing outcomes during the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020-2021. The exploratory quantitative and qualitative component examined how participants experienced the pandemic impacting their well-being and goal pursuits. The results indicated that semester long PP courses may be useful in promoting components of well-being among college students. Further, the findings highlighted the nuanced experiences students had during the first 17 months of the COVID-19 pandemic. Conclusions, practical implications for postsecondary settings, and recommendations for future research are discussed.
Understanding the insect immune responses to Yersinia pestis using Drosophila melanogaster
Authors:   , Ludlow Anna
Published: February 2023

Yersinia pestis, the causative agent of plague, continues to be transmitted in many different continents, most often by fleas. Despite knowing for a century that Y. pestis can form a biofilm on the flea's proventriculus while its closest relatives do not, it is still poorly understood what transmission factors permit this colonization. A growing collection of work is beginning to identify components of the flea's immune response to Y. pestis infection and the ways in which Y. pestis evades this response. It has also previously been established that lipooligosaccharide (LOS) mutants are unable to form a blockage in the flea midgut. The LOS mutants colonize the flea, but not at the proventriculus where wild-type Y. pestis grows, perhaps due to a heightened sensitivity to the flea immune response. Here it is shown that LOS is required for early survival in the flea. New models are described using Drosophila melanogaster to get a more precise look at the interaction between Y. pestis and insect immune cells. A novel cytotoxic effect of Y. pestis on insect immune cells is highlighted. Finally, autophagy is shown to be an important aspect of the insect immune response to Y. pestis infection.
Effects of light availability and herbivory on planted white oak (Quercus alba) seedlings and acorns
Authors:   , Huffman Abby
Published: February 2023

Despite remaining abundant in the overstory across the eastern US, white oak (Quercus alba) is failing to regenerate in many forests. Many interacting factors contribute to the continued failure of white oak regeneration, including insufficient light availability caused by dense forest conditions and damage caused by deer herbivory. The purpose of this study is to analyze the effects of light availability and herbivory on planted white oak seedlings and acorns in Missouri. Data were collected from 800 planted bare-root white oak seedlings across 32 experimental units located in the river hills region of Missouri. Experimental units were equally divided between two different upland oak stands in order to contrast the responses of underplanted seedlings in a stand with a recently thinned overstory and one without management. Experimental units received one of four treatment combinations: an untreated control, complete midstory removal, deer exclosure, or a combination of both midstory removal and deer exclosure. All midstory trees (DBH ≤ 11.5 cm) were removed in units assigned to a midstory removal and deer fences were installed in units assigned to deer exclosures. The size, growth, and survival of seedlings were recorded and analyzed after one growing season. Additionally, a split-plot experimental design was implemented to include an additional treatment for planted acorns with two levels: acorns protected from consumers or ambient levels of acorn consumption. The removal and germination of planted acorns were recorded and analyzed after one winter. We found that a complete midstory removal generally did not affect the overall size of planted white oak seedlings, but it did improve the survival of planted white oak and slightly improved diameter growth. However, these results were not consistent across both stands. Additionally, our results indicate that deer herbivory negatively impacted planted white oak seedlings but did not impact white oak acorns. There was evidence that deer exclosures significantly increased height growth and survival of planted white oak seedlings, but overall browse may not be severe enough to limit oak regeneration in this area.
BIPoC perspectives of behavioral sleep treatment: a mixed-methods examination of ways to better address sleep health disparities
Authors:   , Berry Jasmine R.
Published: February 2023

[EMBARGOED UNTIL 8/1/2023] Growing evidence suggests that there are sleep health disparities in the United States that disadvantage Black, Indigenous, Persons of Color (BIPoC), and other socioeconomically marginalized groups in medical and mental health settings. It is paramount that we focus research in areas that help reduce those disparities. We conducted 12 semi-structured qualitative focus groups with 35 individuals who identified as members of BIPoC groups about their awareness, perception, access to, and recommendations for behavioral sleep treatment in healthcare settings. Transcripts were coded using the Rapid and Rigorous Qualitative Data Analysis method for themes relevant to the guiding question, "What are BIPoC experiences and perspectives of sleep, and specific areas of improvement to increase BIPoC groups" utilization of behavioral sleep services?". Behavioral sleep treatment was perceived as a favorable option both over and in conjunction with pharmacological options. Respondents particularly valued collaborative care with their primary care providers and expressed the need for increased education and awareness of efficacious behavioral health options introduced through primary care relationships. After a brief period of education about cognitive-behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBTi), respondents unanimously viewed the treatment favorably, and unanimously agreed it would be beneficial to include ways to address SES-Based and Race-Based stressors into CBTi, especially when working with members of BIPoC groups. These findings can help to inform future work in reducing sleep health disparities both at the community, provider, and the broader healthcare system levels.
Exploring the impact of digital textile prints on identity expression in women breast cancer survivors
Authors:   , Eckerson Nicole Star
Published: February 2023

[EMBARGOED UNTIL 8/1/2023] The aim of this study was to explore how a designer's use of digital printing technology and the employment of individualized imagery in textile print design evoke emotional responses to textile print design. Roughly about 13 percent of women will develop invasive breast cancer over the course of their lifetime (Breastcancer.org, 2022). There is currently little opportunity for breast cancer survivors to express themselves through customized products that meet their criteria. This study sought to address eight breast cancer survivors' identity expression needs using DTP, integrating their personal photographs to co-design a custom DTP scarf. In this study it was found that there was complex negotiation between the public and private self as participants determined what they were willing to share through their photograph selections. It was also found that the custom scarf and co-design process allowed participants to commemorate and find closure regarding their breast cancer journey. The study's findings have contributions to the Emotional Design Theory, and Public, Private, Secret Self model, and User-center design process. Implications for designers, healthcare professionals, educators, and survivors looking to know more about how to create customized apparel that allows for greater identity expression.
Widely publicized events and the demand for director skills: evidence from data breaches
Authors:   , Oberweiser Charles
Published: February 2023

[EMBARGOED UNTIL 8/1/2023] I examine whether widely publicized data breaches affect firms' preferences for IT skills among new board members. The widely publicized data breaches at Target and Equifax in the prior decade can be construed as events wherein individual firms' IT risk perceptions increased despite firms' actual IT risks remaining unchanged. As a result of the heightened salience of IT risk, I find that firms change their preferences for IT-skilled directors on their boards. I further consider how firms' preferences interact with the limited supply of directors with IT skills. Controlling for many determinants, I find an increase in the probability of a firm selecting a new IT-skilled director following the breach at Target, but no change following Equifax. I show several areas in which the results after Equifax appear to represent a supply constraint of IT-skilled directors. Further, I show that IT-skilled directors appointed after Equifax have lower levels of experience, even as their compensation increases.
Experimental and theoretical studies of CO2 capture from air and of crystalline, ferroelectric, non-linear optical materials
Authors:   , Yang Kaidi
Published: February 2023

[EMBARGOED UNTIL 8/1/2023] The combination of experimental and computational chemistry gives us a chance to explore organic materials with more breadth and depth. In this dissertation, we studied different organic materials with both experimental methods and theoretical approaches. In Chapter 1 to 3, we focused on a Rubisco inspired CO2 capture material, which is made of tetrapeptide KDDE. In chapter 1, we investigated the thermochemistry of the small amine system with full conformational space and determined the best method to evaluate the carbamylation reaction energy. In Chapter 2, we measured the experimental capture efficiency and the Gibbs free energy of the CO2 capture reaction for butylamine and KDDE with NMR. In Chapter 3, we performed a computational investigation of the tetrapeptide KDDE to understand its isomerization and carbamylation reaction mechanism. In Chapter 4 and Chapter 5, we studied the non-linear optical materials fluorinated diphenylalanines and acetophenone azines, respectively. We tried to understand their optical property by analyzing their crystal structures and simulating their molecular alignments. In Chapter 6, we presented the results of computational mechanistic studies of the pre-catalysts [L(Ph)2FeCl]+ with methylaluminoxane (MAO) in the process of olefin polymerization. These six chapters demonstrate how the combination of theoretical chemistry and experimental chemistry can be applied to the study of organic materials.
Underwater Inspection of Highway Bridges - Recent Trends and Technologies
Authors: Severns Dave
Published: February 2023

Underwater engineering evaluations of transportation assets have historically relied largely upon conventional, crewed commercial diving operations, using visual testing (VT) and tactile examination methods to detect surface discontinuities and evaluate site conditions. In practical application, this approach alone is often found to be suboptimal, due to multiple challenges inherent in conducting inspections in the underwater environment. Modern underwater inspections are increasingly reliant upon new technologies, and nondestructive testing methods beyond VT are used during conventional diving inspection to gain a broader picture of the asset and its condition, increasing efficiency while lowering risk in the process. Underwater engineering inspectors today employ traditional nondestructive technologies, including VT, ultrasonic testing (UT), and magnetic particle testing (MT) techniques, in concert with acoustic (sonar) imaging techniques and remotely operated vehicles (ROVs) to obtain more detailed information about the asset and adjacent waterway conditions. This approach enhances the inspection’s safety and efficiency and reduces risk to the bridge owner and end user. This article discusses today’s underwater bridge inspection approach, emphasizing the NDT technologies utilized and their benefits.
Automated Geometric Quality Inspection of Rebar Layout using RGBD Data
Authors: Sanei Mahsa , Yuan Xinxing , Moreu Fernando , Alampalli Sreenivas
Published: February 2023

Quality control and quality assurance during construction is vital to ensure the structure is built as designed and durable. For reinforced concrete (RC) structures, rebar diameter, spacing, and concrete cover depth are critical in ensuring that the structure is designed for adequate strength and can maintain its service life without unplanned interventions. Once the rebar is laid out in the field, construction inspectors do the required quality control to ensure that the constructed rebar mat matches the design documents. The checks are made at finite points and thus can be improved with currently available technologies such as LiDAR, augmented reality (AR), and uncrewed aerial vehicles (UAVs). This paper summarizes the available technologies for such an effort and focuses on using Red Blue Green Depth (RGBD) cameras as a quality control tool for construction inspection of RC structures such as buildings and bridges. A study conducted using an RGBD camera for estimating rebar diameter is presented in this paper. Results show that RGBD cameras have a very high potential as a low-cost, efficient tool for quality control of RC structures during construction. RGBD cameras can potentially augment current visual inspections in assuring the structures are built as per design drawings, meeting the appropriate specifications with acceptable accuracy.
A novel method for measuring acute thermal tolerance in fish embryos
Authors: Cowan Zara-Louise , Andreassen Anna , de Bonville Jeremy , Green Leon , Binning Sandra Ann , Silva-Garay Lorena , Jutfelt Fredrik , Sundin Josefin
Published: February 2023

1. Aquatic ectotherms are particularly vulnerable to thermal stress, with certain life stages (embryos) predicted to be more sensitive than others (juveniles and adults). When examining the vulnerability of species and life stages to warming, it is particularly important to use appropriate and comparable methodology so that robust conclusions can be obtained. Critical thermal methodology (CTM) is commonly used to characterise acute thermal tolerance in fishes, with critical thermal maximum (CTmax) referring to a measured endpoint defining the upper acute thermal tolerance limit. This is the temperature at which fish exhibit loss of locomotory movements (i.e., loss of equilibrium) due to a temperature-induced collapse of vital physiological functions. While it is relatively easy to monitor behavioural responses and measure CTmax in juvenile and adult fish, this can be much more challenging in embryos. This has led to a lack of data on this life stage, or that studies rely on other, potentially incomparable, metrics.2. Here, we present a novel method for measuring acute upper thermal tolerance limits in fish embryos, where CTmax is defined by the temperature at which embryos stop moving. Additionally, we compare this measurement to the temperature at which the embryos' heart stops beating, which has previously been proposed as a method for measuring CTmax in this life stage.3. We found that, similar to other life stages, embryos exhibited a period of increased activity, which peaked approximately 2-3ºC before CTmax. Measurements of CTmax based on last movement are more conservative than measurements based on last heartbeat, additionally they are easier to record and work well with both large and small embryos. Importantly, measurements of CTmax based on last movement in embryos are similar to measurements from larval and adult stages based on loss of locomotory control.4. Using cessation of heart beats as CTmax in embryos likely overestimates acute thermal tolerance as the heart is still beating when CTmax based on loss of response/equilibrium is reached in larvae/adults. The last movement technique described here allows for comparisons of acute thermal tolerance between species, across life stages within species, and as a response variable to treatments.
Az abszolút bíró kizárási okok néhány jelentősebb aspektusa
Authors: Csizmadiáné Pethő Tímea
Published: February 2023

Tanulmányomban az abszolút bíró kizárási okokat vizsgálom a büntetőeljárásról szóló törvény alapján. Foglalkozom azzal az esetkörrel is, amikor egy volt bíró (ügyész) jár el védőként a büntetőperben, és ehhez kapcsolódóan áttekintem ennek hatályos szabályozását az Alkotmánybíróság gyakorlatának tükrében. Egyebekben kitérek a kizárt bíró által felvett bizonyítás felhasználhatóságának kérdésére, mely kapcsán a védelem gyakran emel kifogást.
Діджіталізація економіки як тенденція суспільного розвитку
Authors: Лаговський В. , Немировська О.
Published: February 2023

Дослідження присвячено з’ясуванню форм та значимості використання діджиталізації для забезпечення суспільного розвитку. Визначено основні сфери діджиталізації у сучасному суспільстві. Проаналізовано діджитал-процеси й охарактеризовано їхню концептуальну роль у сталому розвитку. Розглянуто вплив різних форм діджиталізації на становлення окремих складників цілей сталого розвитку в Україні. Розглянуто головні детермінанти та підстави розвитку цифрової економіки в Україні, оцінено готовність України до запровадження та використання цифрових технологій, зокрема в частині відновлення України від наслідків війни.
Обґрунтовано, що ключовою роллю сталого розвитку є розумне зростання, побудоване на знаннях, інноваціях, інклюзивних рішеннях. Акцентовано на гуманістичній ролі діджитал-технологій в економіці соціальноорієнтованої держави.
Тренди розвитку ринку інвестиційних фінансових послуг України в умовах системної дестабілізації
Authors: Яценко І. В.
Published: February 2023

Розвиток вітчизняного ринку інвестиційних фінансових послуг залежить від економічної кон’юнктури та політичної ситуації в країні. Метою дослідження є виявлення провідних трендів розвитку ринку інвестиційних фінансових послуг України в умовах фінансової дестабілізації. Основними методами дослідження є історичний, статистичний аналіз та графічний. Проаналізовано кількість посередників на ринку інвестиційних фінансових послуг, диверсифікацію різновидів посередників на ринку інвестиційних фінансових послуг, частку окремих різновидів посередників на ринку інвестиційних фінансових послуг у загальному обсязі таких інституцій. Висвітлено динаміку вартості активів посередників на ринку інвестиційних фінансових послуг, структуру активів, дохідність напрямів інвестування. Виокремлено та охарактеризовано 4 кризові періоди: світова фінансово-економічна криза 2008–2010 рр., політична нестабільність 2014 р., коронакриза 2020–2021 рр., російське вторгнення 2022 р. З’ясовано, що кризові періоди характеризувались спадами вартості активів посередників на ринку інвестиційних фінансових послуг, зниженням обсягів інвестиційного портфеля банків та дохідності інвестиційних фінансових інструментів. Виявлено, що значна питома вага ОВДП в інвестиційному портфелі фінансових посередників негативно впливає на розвиток ринку інвестиційних фінансових послуг. Обґрунтовано, що попри негативний вплив російського вторгнення, Україна стала більш впізнаваною в світі, що дозволить привернути більше іноземних інвесторів після перемоги.
Особливості складання пропозицій до прогнозу бюджетів об’єднаних територіальних громад
Authors: Гордей О. , Рябокінь М. , Новицька О. , Котух Є. , Козій Н.
Published: February 2023

Прогноз місцевого бюджету на відповідний рік проводиться щорічно відповідно до змін Бюджетного кодексу України. Попри активні процеси прогнозування 2021 року, у 2022 цей процес тимчасово призупинився через воєнний стан. Однак важливість дотримання усіх методичних рекомендацій щодо підготовки пропозицій до прогнозу місцевих бюджетів є необхідною передумовою проведення усіх етапів бюджетного процесу для забезпечення потреб та інтересів усіх членів об’єднаних територіальних громад (далі – ОТГ).
Завдяки інформаційно-програмному комплексу (далі – ІПК) «Місцевий бюджет» ОТГ забезпечують реалізацію статті 75-1 Бюджетного кодексу України щодо впровадження середньострокового бюджетного планування на місцевому рівні шляхом здійснення підготовки пропозицій до прогнозу місцевого бюджету. Розпочинається процес складання прогнозу з надання граничних показників головним розпорядникам коштів (далі – ГРК), тобто місцевий фінансовий орган повинен довести ліміти до своїх ГРК. У межах тих лімітів, які довів до ГРК місцевий фінансовий орган, може проводити складання пропозицій до прогнозу місцевого бюджету.
Автоматизація зазначеного процесу приводить до максимального врахування потреб громади під час розподілу орієнтовних граничних показників видатків місцевого бюджету та надання кредитів з місцевого бюджету на середньостроковий період.
Теоретико-методичні аспекти податкового планування на підприємстві
Authors: Мельничук Г. , Ткаченко В.
Published: February 2023

Обґрунтовано важливість податкового планування як невід’ємної складової системи управління та планування на підприємстві. Розглянуто наукові підходи до трактування сутності податкового планування на підприємстві, виокремлення принципів і методів його здійснення.  Сформульовано мету та завдання, охарактеризовано етапи реалізації заходів податкового планування на підприємстві. Для досягнення визначеної мети  дослідження було використано такі наукові методи, як: системного аналізу та синтезу; систематизації та порівняння; логічного узагальнення, табличний та графічний методи. Результати дослідження можуть бути корисними під час розробки методики податкового планування для конкретного підприємства.
Glaucoma Profile in a Tertiary Eye Hospital of Bangladesh
Authors: Islam Mohammad Ariful , Hel Azam Amir Abdulla , Siraj Md Shahjahan , Alam Afroza E , Hasanuzzaman Md , Bari Rasel S M Shafiul
Published: February 2023

Background: Glaucoma is a chronic progressive optic neuropathy associated with characteristic optic nerve damage which may lead to certain visual field loss patterns at least some part of which is due to a sub optimal intra ocular pressure. Glaucoma is also known as silent killer of vision.

Objective: To evaluate the pattern of glaucoma among the patients who were presented to a tertiary eye hospital, in southern region of Bangladesh.

Method: A prospective observational study was done in outpatient department (OPD) of a tertiary eye hospital from January 2019 to December 2019. All patients with glaucoma were included. Data on age at presentation, gender, laterality, intraocular pressure, cup/disk ratio (C:D) with neuroretinal rim (NRR) and diagnosis were collected from OPD. Patients in age of 1 day - 100 years were included in this study. Patients were grouped into three age groups (0-25 years, 26-50 years and >50 years) and grouped in terms of clinical diagnoses.

Result: A total of 387 eyes of 292 patients were included. Primary angle closure glaucoma (PACG) was the predominant type (45%) followed by primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) (32%), secondary glaucoma (14%) and normal tension glaucoma (6%). Other types including juvenile glaucoma (2%) and congenital glaucoma (1%) were also present but of lower prevalence.

Conclusion: Primary angle closure glaucoma (PACG) was the predominant form of glaucoma followed by POAG suggesting that the pattern in Bangladesh could be quite different from that reported for primary glaucoma in the Western literature.

EMCJ. July 2022; 7(2): 16-20
Можливий підхід щодо визначення раціонального складу сил та засобів радіаційного, хімічного, біологічного захисту для виконання заходів в умовах радіоактивного та хімічного зараження
Authors: Poplavetz Serhii , Huzchenko Serhii , Vorobiov Oleh , Avramenko Oleksandr , Shumeiko Viktor
Published: February 2023

Мета роботи: визначення раціонального складу сил та засобів радіаційного, хімічного, біологічного захисту для виконання заходів в умовах радіоактивного та хімічного зараження.

Метод: метод мережевого планування, метод комбінаторного програмування.

Результати дослідження: розроблено методику визначення раціонального складу сил та засобів радіаційного, хімічного, біологічного захисту для виконання заходів в умовах радіоактивного та хімічного зараження, яка на відміну від відомих враховує можливі сценарії радіаційної, хімічної, небезпечної обстановки, обсяги виконання заходів, складається з ряду етапів і процедур та ґрунтується на прогнозі обстановки, оптимізації мережевих графіків та комбінаторної оптимізації.

Теоретична цінність дослідження: формування та розв’язання оптимізаційної задачі мінімізації часу виконання заходів з обмеженнями на кількість сил та засобів радіаційного, хімічного, біологічного захисту військ з врахуванням можливих сценаріїв радіаційної, хімічної, небезпечної обстановки.

Тип статті: описовий та розрахунково-аналітичний.
Аналіз та оцінка факторів, які впливають на розвиток реактивних систем залпового вогню Збройних Сил України
Authors: Remez Volodymyr
Published: February 2023

Мета роботи: це аналіз та оцінка основних факторів, що впливають на розвиток реактивних систем залпового вогню Збройних Сил України, а також порівняльний аналіз стану розвитку реактивних систем залпового вогню Росії, Білорусії та Казахстану протягом періоду (1993 – 2022 рр.).

Метод дослідження: основними методами досліджень є експертні методи, метод аналізу ієрархій, метод регресійного та кореляційного аналізу, методи статистичного аналізу та математичної статистики, методи прогнозування.

Результати дослідження: у статті визначено степені впливу факторів на розвиток реактивних систем залпового вогню Збройних Сил України за періодами їх розвитку, а також оцінено степені взаємозв’язку економічних факторів із станом розвитку озброєння та військової техніки Збройних Сил України.

Теоретична цінність дослідження: основними результатами досліджень за тематикою статті є: перелік основних зовнішніх та внутрішніх факторів, що впливають на розвиток реактивних систем залпового вогню; підхід до оцінювання степені взаємозв’язку зміни факторів та стану розвитку реактивних систем залпового вогню; вибірка статистичної інформації щодо стану фінансування розвитку озброєння та військової техніки Збройних сил України; статистична інформація щодо розвитку реактивних систем залпового вогню у Росії, Білорусії та Казахстану.

Тип статті: описовий та розрахунково-аналітичний.