bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Use of English Translated Meranao Literature in Enhancing the English Language Proficiency among Grade 10 Learners
Authors:   Capitol University, Cagayan De Oro City, Dipunudun Norhaya M. , S. Tan Mark Raymond ,   Capitol University, Cagayan De Oro City
Published: October 2023

This study aimed to determine the English language proficiency of learners among Grade 10 learners in one of the schools in Lanao del Sur. A one-group pre-experimental research design was used to examine the effectiveness of an English-translated Meranao literature intervention on the English language proficiency of the learners relative to vocabulary, grammar, and reading comprehension. One group was considered using the said intervention, and the group consisted of 50 learners. The study neither considers the literary analysis of the texts nor examines the students' level of analysis of the selected literary pieces. The study's respondents were selected purposively from those under the researcher; hence, a purposive sampling design was used. Statistical tools used to analyze the data were frequency and percentages, mean, standard deviation, independent samples t-test, paired samples t-test, and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). The results indicated that the use of English-translated Meranao literature significantly improved the participants' English proficiency in terms of reading comprehension, vocabulary, and grammar. Moreover, the participants found the literature engaging and culturally enriching. The study disclosed that the use of English-translated Meranao literature can be an effective tool in enhancing the English proficiency of learners and promoting cultural exchange. Additionally, the assessment of the teachers’ performance in teaching English translated Meranao literature was outstanding. However, there was no significant relationship between the students' scores in the post-test and the teachers’ performance in teaching English-translated Meranao literature. The study posited the conclusion that the intervention significantly improved the English language proficiency of the students particularly vocabulary, grammar, and reading comprehension. It is therefore recommended to use the intervention in creating an engaging and effective learning environment.
Hydrogen Fuel Cell Technology
Authors:   Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research Petroleum Research Center, Ali Dalal
Published: October 2023

A hydrogen fuel cell generates energy by combining hydrogen and oxygen, making it a potential source of an electric power. The following paper presents the characteristics, operating theory, implementations, benefits, and drawbacks of the novel hydrogen fuel cell technologies available. It also covers the techniques for producing and storing hydrogen, which is the main fuel for a fuel cell. Additionally, a brief comparison of internal combustion vehicles (ICEV) and hydrogen fuel cell vehicles (FCV) is presented. The findings indicate that hydrogen fuel cell technologies have a general framework, a highperformance range of 40 to 60%, an optimal temperature range of 70 to 1000oC, and a reduced natural effect. At the end, a comparative study of five major power generating system is also performed.
Porphyrins based Nanomaterials, the Future of Science
Authors:   Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Guyana, Georgetown, Guyana, South America, Jagessar R C
Published: October 2023

Porphyrins are terapyrrolic compounds that are usually synthesized by the condensation of aromatic aldehyde with pyrrole or the reaction of dipyrromethene with an aromatic aldehyde followed by oxidation with p-chloranil.
From Closed to Open Classes - Repositioning Schools to Sustain Rural Communities
Authors: Stevens Ken
Published: October 2023

Schools have always been central to rural communities, but today they are critical to the sustainability of social and economic life for people who live beyond major centres of population. The development of virtual structures and processes that enhance classes in and between rural schools has provided extended educational and, indirectly, vocational opportunities, for young people in local and non-local communities. The sustaining of small schools and their enhancement through inter-institutional collaboration can now be extended to rural community life. The digital future will be built on relationships between e-learning, e-government, e-business and e-health.
Developing Strategies at the Pre-service Level to Address Critical Teacher Attraction and Retention Issues in Australian Rural, Regional and Remote Schools
Authors: Trinidad Sue , Sharplin Elaine , Lock Graeme , Ledger Sue , Boyd Don , Terry Emmy
Published: October 2023

This ALTC project is a collaborative endeavour between the four public universities involved in teacher education in Western Australia (Curtin University, Edith Cowan University, Murdoch University and The University of Western Australia), focussed on improving the quality of preparation of pre-service teachers for rural, regional and remote appointments. The project, building on the work of other recent Australian rural education research projects (conducted through the ARC funded Renewing Rural Teacher Education: Sustaining Schooling for Sustainable Futures [TERRAnova] and the Renewing Rural and Regional Teacher Education ALTC Curriculum projects), will create a nexus between the theory and practice of teaching and learning by developing models of pre-service teacher rural, regional and remote practicums. Existing rural health collaborative models will be drawn upon to inform the developing project. The project brings together rural community and professional partnerships (including the Society for the Provision of Education for Rural Australia [SPERA] and The National Centre of science, Information and Communication Technology, and Mathematics Education for Rural and Regional Australia [SiMERR]) that will help to sustain rural communities through the provision of quality, prepared rural, regional and remote teachers.
Additional Professional Induction Strategy (APIS)
Authors: Henderson Robyn , Noble Karen , Cross Kathleen
Published: October 2023

This paper describes a strategy, designed by a faculty of education in a regional Australian university, to induct pre-service educators into the education profession. It then focuses on one component of the strategy, an initiative called Education Commons. This initiative uses a model of critical reflection to engage pre-service educators in discussions about current and relevant educational topics. This aims to connect them into professional networks and to assist their induction into the education profession from the outset of their tertiary study. An analysis of a small data set – two small stories told by an early career teacher who had participated in Education Commons while at university – is investigated for evidence of the effect of the program. The analysis highlights the use of critical reflection and career development learning.
Thinking About First Year Retention in Teacher Education
Authors: Henderson Robyn , Noble Karen
Published: October 2023

In Australian faculties of education, retention and progression issues are paramount within the current neo-liberal climate which emphasises student degree completions. This is particularly the case in regional universities, where many students – often the first in their families to attend university – are from rural, regional and low socio-economic communities. This paper draws on data generated during a project that provided support for first year teacher education students in a regional university. Using critical discourse analysis, it describes and analyses the metaphors used by a small group of pre-service teachers as they talked in interviews about their transition into university and the strategies they used to “survive” their first attempts at study in a tertiary institution. The metaphors provide insights into the pre-service teachers’ perceived need for social support alongside traditionally-offered academic support. The data suggest that a rethinking of support offerings might be necessary to ensure that teacher education caters for pre-service teachers who feel dislocated from their home and community roots.
Resource Package Training Framework for Producing Quality Graduates to Work in Rural, Regional and Remote Australia
Authors: Lynch Timothy
Published: October 2023

The purpose of this paper is to advocate the resource package for producing quality graduates to work in rural, regional and remote Australia (TERRR Network), using a global perspective. This paper argues that the resource package achieves more than the objectives of the original project; ‘Developing Strategies at the Pre-service Level to Address Critical Teacher Attraction and Retention Issues in Australian Rural, Regional and Remote Schools’. Through implementation of the resource package, subsequently all Teacher Education students develop the ability to understand context and build confidence to adapt curriculum accordingly, thus enhancing learning and teaching. This often requires extension from ones ‘comfort zone’ in order to experience and understand ‘context’. It also requires teachers to be flexible and understanding, an essential role of Teacher Educators in the modern world.
It is relevant that when viewing rural education on the global stage, the theme of the 3rd ISFIRE Conference that this paper shares the author’s story reflection as an international school leader in a geographic remote Middle Eastern location. The author reflects on his position as the Head of Key Stage One and Head of Foundation Stage (3-7 years) and member of the Senior Management Team (3-18 years - 1200 students) at the Dukhan English School between years 2007-2009. The challenge of Head Teacher extended the author’s cultural, religious and regional/rural/remote contextual experience boundaries from that of metropolitan Australia.
The author illustrates how such a Training Framework would have assisted in preparing his global experience by examining the Seven Focus Areas of the National Professional Standards for Teachers (NPST), chosen as a Framework for pre-service teachers to develop knowledge, understandings and skills for working in remote contexts. It is concluded that the resource package therefore, also prepares students to be responsible and effective global citizens who engage in an internationalised world and exhibit cross-cultural competence (Monash Graduate Attributes Policy, Academic Board, 2008), an attribute that is similarly advocated across universities. Hence, this argument adds strength to the significance of this resource package for preparing all Teacher Education programs, nationally and internationally.
Correlation between Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin and ß2-Microglobulin with serum protein electrophoresis in multiple myeloma patients
Authors: Inas Nazeeh Abed  , Hiba Abid Al-Hussein Hassan  , Usama Salman Al Timari
Published: October 2023

Objective: To find the correlation between neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin and beta2-microglobulin inpatients with multiple myeloma.Method: The case-control study was conducted from November 2021 to March 2022, after approval from ethics reviewcommittees of three major medical establishments in Baghdad, Iraq. There were randomly selected multiple myelomapatients of either gender with normal concentration of urea and creatinine in group A, multiple myeloma patients ofeither gender with increased concentration of urea and creatinine in group B and healthy controls in group C.Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin and beta2-microglobulin were assessed using enzyme-linkedimmunosorbent assay technique. Data was analysed using SPSS 26.Results: Of the 180 subjects, there were 60(33.3%) in each of the 3 groups, with each group having 40(66.5%) malesand 20(33.3%) females, and overall age ranging 40-79 years. Protein electrophoresis in group A patients wassignificantly higher (p=0.001) in alpha1, beta and gamma globulin. Among group B patients, a highly significantincrease (p=0.001) was noted in alpha1, alpha2, beta and gamma globulin. Beta2-microglobulin was a more sensitiveand specific marker for renal injury than neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin in myeloma patients(p<0.05).Conclusion: Beta2-microglobulin and neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin were both more sensitive markersthan serum urea and creatinine in the diagnosis of acute kidney injury in multiple myeloma patients.Keywords: Lipocalin, Creatinine, Multiple myeloma, Microglobulin, Urea, Electrophoresis, Globulins, Albumins,Enzyme, Immunosorbent assay, Kidney injury.
Identification of Leishmania species isolated from cutaneous leishmaniasis using molecular techniques in some provinces of Iraq
Authors: Manar Kareem  , Sundus Nsaif Al Huchaimi  , Rasha Fadhl Obaid  , Huda A. Saleh
Published: October 2023

Objectives: To detect Leishmania species in selected regions in Iraq.Method: The cross-sectional study was conducted from December 2021 to March 2022 at Al-Hashimyah GeneralHospital in Babylon province, and Al Diwaniya Education Hospital in AL-Qadisiah province of Iraq. The samplecomprised patients with lesions suggestive of cutaneous leishmaniasis, as assessed by dermatologists. Direct smearwas used for parasitological examination by lesion aspiration. Molecular technique was used for the characterisationof parasite genus and species. Positive direct smear specimens were analysed by nested-polymerase chain reactionusing internal transcribed spacer-1 ribosomal ribonucleic acid gene.Results: Of the 120 specimens tested, 100(83.33%) tested positive; 59(59%) males and 41(41%) females. Most of theinfections were leishmania major 92(92%), followed by leishmania tropica 8(8%). There were 80(80%) dry lesions and20(20%) wet.Conclusions: Cutaneous leishmaniasis were mostly of tropica and major varieties in the studied areas.Keywords: Parasites, Dermatologists, Genes, rRNA, Cutaneous, Leishmania, Polymerase DNA.
Mother’s knowledge and attitudes regarding poliomyelitis eradication among a sample in Bab Al Muadham health centre in Baghdad city, Iraq
Authors: Entsar Khaleel Sameen  , Shatha Mahmood Niazy  , Asmaa Ibadi Salman  , Sahar Al Kareem Alabbas Al Ghnaimawi
Published: October 2023

Objective: To determine knowledge and attitude and practice of mothers towards poliomyelitis vaccination.Method: The cross-sectional study was conducted from October 2019 to March 2020 at Bab Al-Moadham HealthCentre, Baghdad, Iraq, and comprised mothers regardless of age who were visiting the child care unit with at least 1child aged <5 years. Data was collected through a questionnaire. Data was analysed using SPSS 10.Results: There were 150 mothers with a mean age of 31.08±9.31 years. The largest age group was 20-29 years 90(60%)(p<0.05). There were 100(66.6%) subjects from urban areas, and 67(44.6%) had at least a college degree (p<0.05). Themost common source of information was television 110(73.3%), and 135(90%) subjects agreed that polio vaccine forthe child was a necessity. Overall assessment of the sample was good, with a percentile global means of the scorevalue of 50.30±9.81.Conclusion: Urban, educated and working mothers aged 20-29 years were more knowledgeable about polio than the rest.Keywords: Health, Knowledge, Attitudes, Poliomyelitis, Vaccination, Eradication.
Sero-prevalence of Hepatitis C virus infection in patients undergoing haemodialysis in Al-Najaf Province
Authors: Khalida Abbas Al Kelaby  , Qabas Neamah Hadi Al Hajjar  , Ghaith Kadhim Al Azam
Published: October 2023

This study identified the predominance of HCV in patients undergoing haemodialysis and the risk factors related to age, gender, residence and occupation. It was conducted in the haemodialysis centre in Al-Saddar hospital in Al-Najaf province. A total of 193 patients were enrolled. Blood was drawn for testing HCV antibodies using ELISA. A positive result for presence of antibodies confirmed HCV infection. Of 193 patients studied, 43(22.3%) were infected with HCV. The higher frequency of infection was in the age group 31- 50 years (11.4%). The rate of HCV in women was (22.89%), while in men it was (21.81%) which was an insignificant difference.
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Pengaruh Pertumbuhan Penjualan, Intensitas Modal dan Intensitas Persediaan terhadap Penghindaran Pajak pada Perusahaan Sektor Aneka Industri yang Terdaftar di BEI Tahun 2017-2022
Authors: Anastasya Elda Permata , Priantilianingtiasari Ruly
Published: October 2023

The purpose of this study was to analyze and determine 1) sales growth influence on tax avoidance. 2) Capital intensity influence on tax avoidance. 3) Inventory intensity affects tax avoidance. 4) Sales growth, capital intensity, and inventory intensity influence tax avoidance. The population used in this study were 56 companies in various industrial sectors listed on the IDX for the period 2017 - 2022. The number of research samples obtained was 12 companies with a total sample of 72 companies. The sampling technique used in this study was purposive sampling. The data source used in this research is secondary data. Data analysis using panel data analysis with Eviews. The results showed that 1) sales growth affects tax avoidance. 2) Capital intensity has no effect on tax avoidance. 3) Inventory intensity has no effect on tax avoidance. 4) Sales growth, capital intensity and inventory intensity simultaneously affect tax avoidance

Keywords: Tax Avoidance, Sales Growth, Capital Intensity, Inventory Intensity
Pengaruh Company Size dan Environmental Performance Terhadap Pengungkapan lingkungan
Authors: Kusumawardhani Indira , Suhartini Dwi
Published: October 2023

This Research aims to examine and prove the effect of Company Size and Environmental Performance on Environmental Disclosure by using a quantitative method. This research topic is very important to study in analyzing the extent to which mining companies fulfill their obligations to carry out Environmental Disclosure in accordance with OJK Regulation No. 51 of 2017. The sampling method uses purposive sampling with a total sample of 65 data from 13 Mining Companies Listed on the BEI for the 2017-2021 period. Multiple linear regression was used to analyze the data with the Eviews 12 software. The results of this study prove that mining companies listed on the BEI already have a responsibility for environmental disclosure which is driven by the large size of company assets owned and environmental performance. In addition, there is evidence that mining companies listed on the BEI have not fully reported environmental disclosure based on GRI standards. The company only reported 12 of the 32 required indicators or around 37.64%.

Keywords: Pengungkapan lingkungan, Company Size, Environmental Performance
Identification of Community-Based Agricultural Zakat Implementation:
Authors: Muttaqin Aminnullah Achmad , Anggraini Ika Khusnia , Ekawaty Marlina , Azizi Naurah Nadzifah
Published: October 2023

Indonesia is an agricultural country where most of the population works as farmers, the agricultural sector is one of the main sectors of the country's economy. In line with that, statistical data proves that the agricultural sector is still the most important sector in supporting national economic development, especially during the recent pandemic that hit the world where the agricultural sector is at a stable pace compared to other sectors. Temboro Village has a unique culture in terms of the local community that distinguishes it from other villages, namely the concept of Madinah village with a distinctive culture based on certain Islamic ideologies. The research intends to identify the process of agricultural zakat implementation in the village of Temboro and is expected to contribute to the development of agricultural zakat implementation in other areas in Indonesia. The qualitative research method is used with an interpretive approach in a case study where the researcher is involved in sharing experiences with participants in Temboro Village. The results of the study prove that the management of agricultural zakat in Temboro Village is still categorized as traditional. There is no official (amil) zakat institution (LAZ) in Temboro Village. The system of collecting and distributing agricultural zakat is more emphasized on agricultural zakat and infaq which makes the mosque and boarding school the center. The problem in collecting agricultural zakat is not only that individual agricultural land ownership is relatively small but also not all farmers in Temboro village pay their agricultural zakat, so the percentage of agricultural zakat is not optimal and is distributed directly to the village community.
Synthesis and Characterization of Semiconducting Iron Copper Sulphide Thin Films: A Review
Authors: Emegha Joseph O , Nwanze Ezeamaka D
Published: October 2023

Iron copper sulphide (FeCuS) thin films have attracted much importance due to their
exceptional properties for device applications. The chemical deposition techniques of
chemical bath deposition (CBD) and Successive ionic layer absorption and reaction (SILAR)
have been employed to synthesize FeCuS thin films with good substrates adhesion. The
various advantages and shortcomings of these methods were discussed with their capability to control the morphology and opto-electrical properties of the films. The experimental measurements indicated that the films exhibit great potential for optoelectronic applications such as window materials in solar cell fabrications and coatings of different types. Due to the current interest in FeCuS thin films, this review is intended to provide current information on the synthesis, characterization, and applications of iron copper sulphide thin films.
Automatic Power Sharing System for Generators
Authors: Mayere Abdulkarim
Published: October 2023

In this paper, a proposal for the development of a neighbourhood network (n-network)
automatic power sharing system that will bring about regulatory paradigm and mobilization of the private sector to lead in deployment of clean energy solutions while letting local residents to buy (consumer) and sell (producer) electricity among the neighbours is presented. Here the neighbourhoods become prosumers. Until now, electricity production and supply has traditionally been implemented via a centralized grid where the power generation companies otherwise known as GenCos generate electricity that is fed through the grid to individual homes. The proposed solution aims to create a peer-to-peer trading system where consumers will identify each other’s needs and willingness to buy and sell electricity. This offers the chance to bypass the traditional electricity grid and create a viable generation and storage microgrid that functions independently.
Determination of shielding Effectiveness of Concretes with different Aggregate and cement composition
Authors: Salisu Anas M , AbalenI Joseph I , Abdullahi Aisha S
Published: October 2023

The shielding effectiveness of concretes with different aggregate and cement composition was determine by shielding Co-60 gamma radiation source at center for energy research and training (CERT), Ahmadu Bello University Zaria with block concretes that contain aggregate 5.00 mm, 10.00 mm and 15.00 mm respectively. A concrete with thickness of 0.0762 m with dimension of 0.30 m x 0.30 m was formed from each of the aggregates with equal volume of sharp sand and cement. The result revealed the calculated mean free path (MFP) with values within a range of (0.033 to 0.070) m for samples DG (Dangote) and BU (BUA), mass attenuation coefficient (MAC) and half value layer (HVL) values within a range of (1.9 to 2.75) x 10-3 m2/kg and (0.023 to 0.049) m respectively. This shows that samples DG1, DG2 and DG3 have better shielding ability due to its lower MAC, MFP and HVL compared to samples BU1, BU2 and BU3.
Stitched Transmission Line for Broadband Operations
Authors: Daniel Isaac H , Kure Nicodemus , Anthony Peter , Gyuk Phillibus M
Published: October 2023

Wearable stitched transmission lines made from stripped RG174 and textile materials are introduced for broadband operations. The stitched transmission lines which are 150 mm long consists of an inner conductor surrounded by a tubular insulating layer. For shielding purposes, the structures are stitched into a denim material with conductive threads. The performances of the stitched transmission lines with three different stitch patterns, Double Overlock, Flatlock stitch and Ric-Rac stitch were investigated and results obtained confirm that Ric-Rac stitched transmission line has fewer DC losses than the three stitched transmission lines for frequencies up to 1 𝐺𝐻𝑧. However, beyond that up to 2.4 𝐺𝐻𝑧 and above, it was observed that the Flatlock stitched transmission line and the Double Overlock stitched transmission line have fewer radiation losses compared to the Ric-Rac stitched transmission line. Similarly, the performance of the stitched transmission line when bent through curved angles of 90° and 180° was
considered, and a much better 𝑆ଶଵ was observed with a curved angle of 180° for frequencies below 2.1 𝐺𝐻𝑧, with radiation loss increasing afterwards. Finally, the sensitivity of the design to manufacturing tolerances, with changes in cross-sectional dimensions of the stitched transmission line and the transmission characteristics with different textile substrates were both considered. While simulated results showed that the stitched transmission line is sensitive to small variations in its circular dimensions, measured results conversely showed that Denim and Felt materials can be used as a substrate without any significant effect on its propagation characteristics.
Theoretical and Experimental Study of the Adsorption of Natural Red 4 Dye from Synthetic Aqueous Media Using a Low-cost Silica-smectite Composite
Authors: Kepdieu Jean , Djangang Chantale , Njimou Jacques , Tchanang Gustave , Ekani Cyprien , Maicaneanu Sanda , Tizaoui Chedly
Published: October 2023

Purpose: A study of the removal of dye Natural red 4 (NR4) by a low-cost silica-smectite clay labeled SSC was carried out.

Methodology: Batch tests were carried on with some processing parameters namely initial dye concentration (10 - 50 mg/L), temperature (25 – 65 °C), adsorbent dose (1 – 5 g/L), initial pH (4 – 8) and contact time (0 - 120 min).

Findings: The Energy of adsorption was less than 20 kJ/mol showing a physisorption process. Also, thermodynamics parameters such as enthalpy of activation ∆H* (19.0 kJ/mol), entropy of activation ∆S* (- 024 kJ/mol/K) and Gibbs free energy of activation ∆G* (90.57 - 100.17 kJ/mol) revealed that the adsorption of NR4 molecules onto SSC was endothermic and with no significant changes in the internal structure of the adsorbent. The pseudo-first order and pseudo-second order had a good correlation with experimental data with R2 = 0.99 and R2 = 0.98 respectively. Langmuir isotherm model matched well the equilibrium data with a maximum adsorption capacity Qm of 25.55 mg/g. and a correlation value of 0.98.

Unique Contribution to Theory, Policy and Practice: The newly synthesized and characterized low-cost silica-smectite composite is effective in the adsorptive removal of natural red 4 dye from water wastes.
Effects of Zai on Cowpea Productivity (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.) in a Peasant Environment Agrosystem in Digargo in Diffa’s Urban District
Authors: Rabo Younoussou , Abba Gambo , Mahamane Ali
Published: October 2023

Purpose: Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.) is one of the most widely cultivated food crops in Niger, but Niger's agriculture remains dependent on agro-climatic and edaphic conditions. The main objective of this study is to evaluate the combined effect of zai and the number of plants per crop on cowpea growth and yield parameters.

Methodology: Two (2) factors were studied: the zaï’s factor (A) and the number of plants per crop factor (B). The experimental design used is a total randomization device with three (3) repetitions.

Findings: The results showed that the A2B2 treatment is characterized by the variables, good yield of pods, seeds, biomass and dry matter. A2B2 treatment had the best grain yield compared to A2B1. The average grain yield ranges from 173.3±68.1 to 1250±720 (kg/ha). However, there is no significant difference between the different treatments on the parameter of biomass.

Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: In this study, the best performance is obtained with two (2) plants per crop without zai techniques.
THE LINGUISTIC LANDSCAPE IN MOROCCO: SOCIOLINGUISTIC READING
Authors: OUAHI Souad
Published: October 2023

Despite the efforts made towards the status of languages in Morocco, their reality reflects the lack of optimal investment of social linguistics that frame linguistic issues in terms of social phenomena, and this research, relying on some sociolinguistic tools, provides a description of the components of the linguistic scene in Morocco in terms of their social functions and legal positions, and seeks to review some aspects of the political management of these components. A desire to draw a clear picture of this scene. The research found that the country's language policy and planning have led to the status of the national languages, Arabic and Amazigh, hiding behind French, and that more societal efforts are urgently needed to rehabilitate national languages
TECHNIQUES OF ARGUMENTATION IN THE INTERPRETATION OF" TAHRIR WA TANWIR"
Authors: LOUKILI Sana , MARRAKCHI Chams-Eddoha
Published: October 2023

The explanatory text of the holy Qur'an is based on foundations and criteria that makes it a communicative and argumentative discourse that seeks to convince others of issues of Islamic belief. This article attempts to study the techniques as wellas the means of interpretative argumentative discourse, in Ibn Achor's book tituled: Tahrir Wa Tanwir through Surat Al Anaam: by extracting the argumentative mechanisms and it's technics employed in the interpretation of the Quran
ARCHIVE AND ITS IMPORTANCE IN HISTORICAL WRITINGS
Authors: Ali BOUTERA
Published: October 2023

The qualitative development of the curricula must stem from developments in society in various fields - especially those areas closely related to the nature of these curricula, and taking into account the future changes that are expected to occur in societies, while not neglecting the dimension of the characteristics of students, their level and educational stages, and it must also stem from From new insights to different curricular areas. Among the qualitative development of history curricula is what some call future history, and if history is, as the historian Shams al-Din al-Sakhawi mentions, it is an art that searches for the facts of time in terms of appointment and timing, and its subject is man and time. Abdel Hamid El-Sayed believes that history is not only a record of past facts, but at the same time it is a way of thinking about human affairs. Since ancient times, civilizations have taken an interest in the archive, recognizing its importance in the history of their path at all levels, bearing witness to their achievements and foreseeing their future. Whenever a document is available, a historical fact is found, and doubts about it disappear, and the historical incident, which was a narration, becomes an unmistakable historical fact, after being placed under the microscope of investigation and scrutiny
TECHNICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE VERY SHORT STORY: A STUDY IN SELECTED MODELS
Authors: Abdel Moneim AL-HAJ Bassam
Published: October 2023

At every intellectual developmental stage, literary genres appear that find suitable soil for growth, in which they cultivate their path and entrust them with their characteristics and characteristics, in order to seep into the cosmic space quietly and smoothly. They undermine it, limit it, and diminish its status and importance. Like everything new, he must fight his war to impose his literary self, which the writer generated from the womb of reality. Perhaps the nature of this contemporary materialistic time that we live in, and the rapid change taking place in it, affected many aspects of our lives; He made technology invade every home in the world, and turned cities and villages on earth into a small spot where nothing is hidden, thanks to progress and development in means of communication and transportation. What afflicted our material life affected our literary and cultural life, so we witnessed the emergence of new literary genres in their techniques, so we saw the novel, the play, then the article, the thought, the biography, the short story, and finally the very short story. And if it is logical to establish a relationship between the novel and the short story, then it is also logical to establish a relationship between the short story and the very short story. However, the distinction between these races is not valid only by looking at the size criterion only; The circumstances of the emergence of each race differ greatly from other races as well
THE FEMININE GENDER IN LINGUISTICS: IS THERE ANY EGALITARIAN LANGUAGE WITH RESPECT TO MASCULINE?
Authors: OULADIB Hakima , LEMOUALDI Fatine
Published: October 2023

For several years, the theme of gender has been the subject of debate between several linguists, especially since the revival of feminism, during the second half of the 19th century. By default, the masculine grammatical gender, in French, refers to the male gender, while having a generic value allowing it to designate the female gender as well. Along the same lines, several feminist authors and linguists have revolted in order to promote a non-sexist language as well as an epicene language, eradicating the generic masculine and its stereotype of the superiority of men over women. Following the grammatical rule commonly learned at school which stipulates that "The masculine prevails over the feminine" decreed by several grammarians in the 17th century, we were witnessing a form of linguistic sexism, going as far as pejorative or even sexual connotations. For a few expressions, once transformed into the feminine.. It is in this context of linguistic genre that our present work takes place, relying on the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis addressing linguistic relativity, while providing examples concerning the Arabic language as well.
THE CHALLENGES FACING LECTURERS IN IMPLEMENTING E-LEARNING AT TOBRUK UNIVERSITY
Authors: FARHAT Zahia
Published: October 2023

E. learning has long been offered by many universities of all sizes and profiles as an optional means of learning. However, the critical issues brought by COVID-19 pandemic and other recent crises made it an inevitable alternative. This research will examine the ability of Libyan lecturers in E-learning as well as whether they have positive or negative attitude. Furthermore, the difficulties that could face them while the use of the E. learning. This tentative study is in line with a recent findings and recommendations . In fact, there are some obstacles in these studies where the developed counties have some challenges, for instance, the a availability of customized curriculum, digital platform and other innovative and/or financial prerequisites. This study emphasizes that the importance of the lecturer's intellectual competence is needed more than the other components for this transformation. A questionnaire will be used for the data collection. These data will be gathered and analysed using a quantitative research method
COMPARISON OF NAME CASE SUFFIXES IN TURKISH AND ENGLISH IN THE STORY OF THE MYSTERY OF THE ISLAND
Authors: Oraibi ABDULLAH İbtisam , AL-HAMADANI Alaa Falah Hasan
Published: October 2023

In this study, titled Comparison of Noun Case Suffixes in Turkish and English in the Stories of the Mystery of the Island translated into Turkish, all the noun case suffixes used in the Turkish translated texts of the aforementioned stories were determined and analyzed one by one in Turkish and English in a comparative way. Among the stories written, simplified stories with Turkish translation titled "The mystery of the island" were emphasized and examined. Each of the aforementioned stories is divided into several chapters. There is a Turkish translation of the book next to each English page. Considering the volume of the work, s for the word page, followed by the line. One of the main purposes of this study is to reveal the structure of Turkish by examining the basics of noun case suffixes in English and Turkish, showing what they express and what they do not. As it is known, there are big differences between English and Turkish. In this review, noun case suffixes in Turkish and English are discussed in detail
CONSIDERATION OF POST-BASIC EDUCATION CURRICULA FOR THE REQUIREMENTS OF THE OMANI LABOR MARKET IN LIGHT OF THE NATIONAL STRATEGY OF EDUCATION 2040 FROM THE POINT OF VIEW OF CURRICULUM SPECIALISTS
Authors: Saleh ALAJMI Mohammed , Abdullah ALNOFLI Mohammed , Salim ALSAEEDI Mohammed
Published: October 2023

The aim of the current study was to identify the extent to which post-basic education curricula take into account the requirements of the Omani labor market in light of the National Education Strategy 2040 from the point of view of curriculum specialists. It also aimed to identify whether there were statistically significant differences at the level of significance (α≤0.05) in the extent to which post-basic education curricula take into account the requirements of the Omani labor market in light of the National Education Strategy 2040 attributed to the variables of the participants’ subject areas and gender. The study sample consisted of 41 curriculum specialists who were selected intentionally. A questionnaire and interviews were used to answer the questions of the study. The results showed that the curricula of the eleventh and twelfth grades take into account the skills of the labor market to a high degree. There were no statistically significant differences at the level of significance (α≤0.05) in the extent to which post-basic education curricula take into account the requirements of the Omani labor market in light of the National Education Strategy 2040 attributed to participants’ subject areas. However, there were statistically significant differences attributed to gender in favor of female curriculum specialists. In light of these results, the study recommended developing the curricula for the eleventh and twelfth grades to be more sensitive to labor market skills in light of the National Education Strategy 2040.
EFFECT OF NITROGEN FERTILIZER AND ASCORBIC ACID ON SOME CHEMICAL AND ANATOMICAL CHARACTERISTICS LEAVES OF PLANT PAULOWNIA TOMENTOSA
Authors: A. Ali. AL-TAHER Zainab
Published: October 2023

This study was carried out at the Agricultural Research Station of the University of Basra's College of Agriculture in a canopy covered with saran cloth on paulownia tree seedlings. All experimental plants were fertilized with compound fertilizer (20-20-20) NPK monthly throughout the study period at a rate of 1 g per pot as a constant factor. Two factors were examined in the study: the first is nitrogen fertilization with urea fertilizer (46% nitrogen) using three levels (0, 1.6, 3.2 g plant-1), and the second factor is spraying with three concentrations of ascorbic acid (0, 30, 60 mg l-1). The anatomical characteristics of paulownia leaves were studied after six months of treatment, as the anatomical sections were prepared using paraffin technology. According to the study's findings, the comparison treatment of nitrogen fertilizer compared to the other concentrations, was noticeably superior and the highest value for the thickness of the cuticle layer was 17.33 micrometers, while the treatment recorded 2.3 g. Plant-1 had the lowest value of 10.33 micrometers. The comparison treatment of nitrogen fertilizer gave the lowest values for leaves content of total chlorophyll and carbohydrates, thickness of the epidermis layer, length of columnar cells, a diameter of spongy cells, and diameter of small and large vascular bundles (83, 86.80, 8.72, 166.67, 90, 146.67, 686.67), respectively, while the treatment recorded 2.3 g Plant-1 has the highest rates for the same traits. The treatment with ascorbic acid 60 mg l-1 compared to the other concentrations, was noticeably superior were recorded for the chemical and anatomical characteristics, except for the thickness of the cuticle layer. As for the interaction between nitrogen fertilizer and ascorbic acid, the treatment of the interaction between nitrogen fertilizer 3.2 g plant-1, ascorbic acid 60 mg l-1 recorded the highest rate for all chemical and anatomical characteristics and significantly different from the other interactions, which has a good impact on the paulownia plant's growth properties.
SYNTHESIS, CHARACTERIZATION AND ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF α-MnO2 NANORODS BEFORE AND AFTER DOPING WITH SOME TRANSITION METAL IONS
Authors: Hasan RAHEEM Zahraa , Thafir HADI Mayson , jaafar AJEENA Saba
Published: October 2023

The over use of some antibiotics can lead to the appearance of some resistant bacteria that can cause some serious illnesses. Hence, many intentions to prepare new materials that can act as antibacterial agents have been made over the last few years. Some nanomaterials are known to have good antibacterial activity. The aim of this paper is to describe the synthesis of manganese dioxide α-MnO2 nanorods before and after doping with (5% wt.) of the following transition metal ions (Fe+3, Co+3, Ni+2 and Cu+2) using a simple hydrothermal method and to compare the antibacterial activity of these materials. After the synthesis process, the materials were characterized using XRD, EDX, and FE-SEM to confirm the structure, elemental components, and morphology of the samples. The morphologies of pure samples were nanorods of uniformed size with diameters around (40-60 nm) and lengths around (1-2 μm). The doped samples were slightly wider in diameter due to the differences between the ionic radii of Mn+4 ions and the dopant ions. Afterward, the antibacterial activity of the prepared α-MnO2 nanorods (pure and doped) was measured against Escherichia coli using the disk diffusion method to compare the antibacterial activity of the doped and undoped α-MnO2 nanorods. The Cu doped sample showed the highest antibacterial activity with an inhibition zone diameter of 24 mm at the concentration of (600 μg/ml)
SECTION OF VETERINARY MEDICINE: MICROBIOLOGY, IMMUNITY AND VIROLOGY. THE BACTERIAL CONTAMINATION WITH PROTEUS AND E. COLI IN CERVIX AND UTERINE OF COWS DURING THE DIFFERENT ESTRUS PHASES
Authors: Khalid MOHAMMED Ansam , Wayes ZAID Nazih , Hamdi ABDULKAREEM Mariam
Published: October 2023

The herein research was carried out in order to identified the presence of bacteria in cervix and uterine lumen in Iraqi cattle during the different estrus phase with focusing on Protus and E coli. Estrus phases were determined by the structures which found on ovary (follicular growth for pro-estrus, mature growing follicle for estrus, hemorrhagic corpus luteam for meta-estrus and active corpus luteam for di-eatrus). Forty cervical swabs (ten for each estrus phase) and forty uterine swabs (ten for each estrus phase) were taken from macroscopically healthy reproductive animals after slaughtering and cultivated on nutrient agar and blood agar, the bacterial isolation were identified with biochemical teats. The present study found that (65%) of cervical swabs were bacterial positive and the bacterial isolates were higher in the pro-estrus and meta-estrus phases 70% than estrus and diestrus 60%, the Protus spp. Could not been isolated from cervix or uterine during estrus phases, while E coli isolated during three first phases and disappear during diestrus phase, and appear as 10 single and 10 mixed isolated during follicular phase and metaestrus phase in cervical swabs. A total of five different microorganisms were isolated from cervical swabs (Escherichia coli, Streptococcus faecalis, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus hominies and Staphylococcus epidermidis) with twelve single isolation and fourteen mixed isolation. The present study found that (47.5%) of uterine swabs were bacterial positive and the bacterial isolates were higher in the pro-estrus, estrus and meta-estrus phases 50% than estrus and diestrus 40%, E coli isolated during estrus and diestrus phases only, and appear as 7 single and 2 mixed isolated during those two phases in uterine swabs. A total of five different microorganisms were isolated from uterine swabs (Escherichia coli, Streptococcus faecalis, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus hominies and Staphylococcus epidermidis) with fourteen single isolation and five mixed isolation.
Evaluating The Interface Shear Strength with Different Degree of Compaction of Clay Subgrade Soil Using Biaxial Geogrid BX1100
Authors: Sahib Banyhussan Qais , Al-Bdairi Ahmed , Mahmood Alghrairi Manar , Basher Muhesen Ali
Published: October 2023

Using geogrid in road pavements can enhance pavement performance by enhancing bearing capacity, lateral confinement, and overall stiffness, in addition to lowering lateral and vertical pavement deformations. A Number of large-scale direct shear experiments were applied in this paper to assess the influence of compaction degree on the mechanical interaction among a clay subgrade soil and a subbase layer in both cases of using and not using reinforcement at the interface. Clay subgrade soil, Subbase granular materials as Type B, and Biaxial Geogrid BX1100 were employed as reinforcing materials in this investigation. In the current investigation, direct shear test was employed by fabricating a large-scale direct shear apparatus consisting of a square upper box with dimensions of (200 mm × 200 mm × 100 mm), and a rectangular lower box with dimensions of (200 mm × 250 mm × 100 mm). On specimens with and without reinforcement, 40 interface tests were performed for five degrees of compaction (100, 98, 93, 90, and 84%), which corresponded to (60, 55, 50, 45, and 40 blows/layer) for the shear box, with the regular loads applied for each combination being (25 – 50 - 75 – 100) kPa. The results demonstrate that the interface shear stress curves grew and trailed a similar pattern for the four normal stress (25 – 50 - 75 – 100) kPa. At their optimal moisture levels, the effect of dry density on the interface properties of these combinations (geogrid-soil) was also examined. The interface shear failure envelopes grew with increasing molding dry densities (i.e. degree of compaction), reaching a maximum value at 97% degree of compaction
Evaluating Economic Impacts of Automation Using Big Data Approaches
Authors: Ardakani Omid M. , Saenz Mariana
Published: October 2023

As automation is increasingly driven by advanced technological integration, quantitatively evaluating its economic impacts becomes crucial. This paper studies the effects of automation on three economic outcomes: transactions, sales, and costs. First, we use big data approaches to distinguish transaction distribution patterns across various temporal segments. These methods employ survival and mean residual functions to cluster transaction distributions and customer traffic data over time. Empirical evidence provides distinct clusters, distinguishing high and low customer traffic. Second, we illustrate how automation can lead to higher forecast accuracy in sales. This approach utilizes stochastic error distance for comparing forecast error distribution functions. Lastly, we study the impact of automation on costs through a probabilistic model. The results suggest that while labor costs increase due to retraining and longer hours, a potential reduction in turnover and waste costs can offset these rises. The impacts of automation and the applicability of methods are demonstrated through Monte Carlo simulations and empirical studies.
 
Received: 22 August 2023 | Revised: 19 September 2023 | Accepted: 11 October 2023
 
Conflicts of Interest
The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest to this work.
 
Data Availability Statement
The data utilized in this research originate from a consultancy agreement with a private firm. Due to confidentiality commitments, the data cannot be made publicly available. In the interest of maintaining proprietary and strategic advantages, the firm has opted to keep the data private. However, all relevant methodologies and analyses employed in this study are provided to ensure the replicability of the research with similar datasets.