bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Electrophoretic Profile of Serum Proteins Using Capillary Technique in Patients Attending the Douala General Hospital, Cameroon
Authors: Gwladys Ekwe Priso Judith , Pierre Nda Mefo’o Jean , Okalla Ebongue Cécile , Ngouadjeu Dongho Tsakeu Eveline , Akono Ndi Catherine , Beyiha Gérard , Solange Doualla Marie , Adiogo Dieudonné
Published: September 2019

Background: Electrophoresis of serum proteins is an orientation examination routinely used in clinical practice. For a few years, agarose gel electrophoresis has tended to be replaced with capillary electrophoresis owing to an increase in the accuracy of results. However, this technique is uncommon and is not widely used in Cameroon. Objectives: The research aimed at studying the electrophoretic profile of serum proteins using capillary technique among patients attending the Douala General Hospital, Cameroon. Methods: Capillary electrophoresis was used to carry out tests on blood samples from any inpatients and outpatients and fasting for 8-12 hours. Capillary electrophoresis of serum samples was used for the separation of proteins into six fractions and the total protidemia of each serum samples was determined using the Biuret method. Results were interpreted by observing the shape of curves and quantitative variations in each fraction of the different serum proteins. Results: A total of 311 patients participated in the study. The sampled population aged 50±18 years on average and consisted of 55.3% men and 44.7% women. All capillary electrophoresis profiles presented six protein fractions, namely, albumin, alpha (1 and 2), beta (1 and 2) and gamma globulins. Pathological disorders were diagnosed in 290 patients and 21 patients had normal results. Inflammatory syndromes accounted for 63.34% and monoclonal gammopathies for 10.29% the main pathological disorder identified. Conclusion: Capillary electrophoresis provides a more precise identification of biological syndromes and clear distinction of the six fractions of each protein. Monoclonal profiles and inflammatory syndromes were well detected. A prevalence of 10.29% was determined for gammopathies.
Phytochemical Investigation and In Vitro Antioxidant Activities of Tetracarpidium conophorum (African Walnut) Seeds
Authors: Oriakhi Kelly , Orumwensodia Kissinger , Uadia Patrick
Published: September 2019

Background: Tetracarpidium conophorum (African walnut) is an African plant with ethnobotanical uses. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the phytochemical screening and in vitro antioxidant activities of methanol extract and fractions (F) [n-hexane (HEX-F), dichloromethane (DCM-F) and, ethyl acetate (EA-F)] of T. conophorum seeds. Methods: Phytochemical screening and in vitro antioxidant activity study were carried out using DPPH, ABTs radical scavenging assays, nitric oxide inhibitory and reducing potential assays. Results: Methanol extract and its fractions contain phenols, flavonoids, saponins, tannins, terpenoids, and alkaloids. The concentrations of total phenols and flavonoids content were significantly higher in EA-F and crude methanol extract compared to other fractions. Crude methanol and EA-F contain higher concentrations of tannin while hexane fraction had the lowest tannin content but relatively higher proanthocyanidin content compared to other fractions. The antioxidant activity study showed that both methanol crude extract and fractions of T. conophorum seeds have significant activities for DPPH radical scavenging, reducing power, ferric reducing antioxidant potential, nitric oxide inhibitory activities, ABTS and hydroxyl radical scavenging for. DPPH radical scavenging activities of EA-F showed the lowest IC50 of 33.11 µg/mL, followed by Hex-F, DCM-F and crude methanol extract with IC50 of 33.43, 42.09 and 45.44 µg/mL, respectively, when compared to ascorbic acid with IC50 of 17.08 µg/mL. Conclusion: The study showed that T. conophorum seed is a rich source of secondary metabolites, which may be responsible for its antioxidant activities.
The Contribution of Gene Mutations to the Pathogenesisof Tetralogy of Fallot
Authors: Safari-Arababadi Amin , Behjati-Ardakani Mostafa , Kalantar Seyed Mehdi , Jaafarinia Mojtaba
Published: September 2019

Congenital heart disease (CHD) is considered as an important and developing area in the medical community. Since these patients can reach maturity and have children, the role of genetic determinants in increasing risk of CHD is extremely evident among children of these patients. Because genetic studies related to CHD are increasing, and each day the role of new genetic markers is more and more clarified, this review re-examined the effects of gene mutations in the pathogenesis of tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) as an important pathological model among other CHDs. Due to the complexity of heart development, it is not astonishing that numerous signaling pathways and transcription factors, and many genes are involved in pathogenesis of TOF. This review focuses on the jag1, nkx2.5, gata4, zfpm2/fog2 and cited2 genes previously reported to be involved in TOF.
Protective Effect of Diploschistes ocellatus Against Heat Shock-Mediated Defects on Function of Reproductive Organs in Drosophila melanogaster
Authors: Haddadi Mohammad , Payam Javad
Published: September 2019

Introduction: Repeated heat shock (HS) stresses reduce the reproduction rate of Drosophila flies. Heat shock proteins (HSPs) protect cells against irreversible damages inducing heatinduced.Oxidative stress declines protective function of HSPs. Diploschistes ocellatus lichen aqueous extract possesses a strong antioxidant potential in vitro. Antioxidants can preserve HSPs function. Therefore, the present study for the first time investigated the cytoprotective effects of D. ocellatus aqueous extract against HS-mediated deleterious effects on reproductive function in Drosophila melanogaster. Methods: Three different types of culture media including control, 30% lichen extract, and 60%lichen extract were prepared. Adult D. melanogaster flies were placed on Delcour medium and allowed to lay eggs for 2 hours. Then the eggs were equally distributed between the culture media. After flies completed their life cycle, the adult enclosed flies were exposed to HS. To assess reproductive function, the newly emerged adult flies were transferred to the freshly prepared regular culture medium every three days for 3 times and finally adult offspring born to these flies were enumerated.Results: HS negatively affected the reproduction rate in flies in control group. Quantification of adult enclosed flies born to the D. ocellatus extract treated flies showed that lichen extract could negate the deleterious effects of HS on reproduction function of D. melanogaster in a dose-dependent manner.Conclusion: Diploschistes ocellatus aqueous extract attenuated the harmful effects of HS stress on reproductive function of D. melanogaster. The secondary metabolites present in D. ocellatus can be considered as a bona fide candidate in novel drug development to target reproductive diseases in which oxidative stress is involved. Moreover, it can be concluded that D. melanogaster is an ideal model organism to induce cellular stress in vitro and study therapeutic potential of lichen extracts.
The Incidence of Glutamic Acid Decarboxylase Autoantibodies and its Association With Clinical Features in Pregnant Women With Gestational Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Mohammadi Malihe , Moosavi Seyedeh Solmaz
Published: September 2019

Introduction: The association between the incidence of glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies(GADAs) and risk of diabetes in pregnant women is controversial. Here, our aim was to investigate the incidence and clinical relevance of GADA and its association with development of post-delivery diabetes in women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).Methods: This cohort study was conducted in Torbat–e Heydarieh (Khorasan Razavi, Iran) from October 2015 to March 2017. A total of 147 pregnant women with GDM were included in case group. The control group consisted of 147 healthy controls. A GAD diagnostic kit (Diametra Co.,Italy) was used for diagnosis of GADA. The history of insulin therapy and the development of diabetes one year after delivery were investigated.Results: Of 147 pregnant women with GDM, 9 (6.1%) had GADA in their sera. 14.3% (21 out of 147) of women with GDM had history of insulin therapy. 33.3% (7 of 21) of women who had received insulin developed diabetes one year after delivery. Type 1 and type 2 diabetes were observed in, respectively, 1 (0.7%) and 7 (4.8%) of women with GDM at one year after delivery.At one year after delivery, no women in GADA negative women was diagnosed with type 1 diabetes. However, type 2 diabetes was observed in 2.9% of GADA negative pregnant women.Type 1 and type 2 diabetes were also noticed in, respectively, 11.1% and 33.3% of GADA positive mothers at one year after delivery.Conclusion: The prevalence of GADA was 6.1% in diabetic pregnant women. The GADA positivity and history of insulin therapy during pregnancy were significant risk factors for diabetes at one year after delivery. In addition, development of type 1 diabetes was higher in GADA positive pregnant women with GDM than GADA negative women.
Comparison of the Effectiveness of Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy and a Quality of Life-Based Therapy on Rumination in Patients With Migraine
Authors: Shabani Mohammad , Najat Hamid , Saffarian Mohammad Reza
Published: September 2019

Introduction: The effects of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy and quality of life-based therapy on rumination were compared in patient with migraine. The present study also investigated the effectiveness of quality of life-based therapy and mindfulness-based cognitive therapy.Methods: This quasi-experimental study with 3 (2 experimental and one control) groups was carried out with pretest-post test design. The study population consisted of all patients with migraine headache referring to Torbat Heidarie hospitals and clinics from June to July 2018. The samples were 45 patients who were selected by random sampling and then randomly allocated to 2 experimental groups and one control group each with 15 members. One experimental group underwent mindfulness-based cognitive therapy and the other received quality of life based therapy. The control group received no intervention. Research instruments were Ahvaz Migraine Questionnaire and Huksema and Maro’s Ruminative Response Scale. The tools were filled out by the participants before and after the interventions. The data was analyzed in SPSS version 22.Results: The mindfulness-based cognitive therapy and quality of life-based therapy significantly improved rumination in patients with migraine. In addition, the effectiveness of the 2 interventions was not significantly different.Conclusion: The educational interventions based on modifying basic cognitions, replacing negative intrusive thoughts with positive thoughts, and avoiding and neutralizing intrusive thoughts through mindfulness-based cognitive methods and interventions based on improving quality of life resulted in a substantial improvement of rumination and frequent intrusive thoughts. Indeed, changes in cognitive reactions to pain and altering beliefs and expectations are the main mechanisms for improving headache.
The Antibacterial Activities of NiO Nanoparticles Against Some Gram-Positive and Gram-Negative Bacterial Strains
Authors: Ilbeigi Ghazaleh , Kariminik Ashraf , Moshafi Mohammad Hasan
Published: September 2019

Introduction: Given the increasing rate of antibiotic resistance among bacterial strains, many researchers have been working to produce new and efficient and inexpensive antibacterial agents. It has been reported that some nanoparticles may be used as novel antimicrobial agents.Here, we evaluated antibacterial properties of nickel oxide (NiO) nanoparticles. Methods: NiO nanoparticles were synthesized using microwave method. In order to control the quality and morphology of nanoparticles, XRD (X-ray diffraction) and SEM (scanning electronmicroscope) were utilized. The antibacterial properties of the nanoparticles were assessed against eight common bacterial strains using agar well diffusion assay. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) were measured. Antibiotic resistance pattern of the bacteria to nine antibiotics was obtained by Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method. Results: The crystalline size and diameter (Dc) of NiO nanoparticles were obtained 40-60 nm. The nanoparticles were found to inhibit the growth of both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria with higher activity against gram-positive organisms. Among bacterial strains, maximum sensitivity was observed in Staphylococcus epidermidis with MIC and MBC of 0.39 and 0.78 mg/mL, respectively. The bacteria had high resistance to cefazolin, erythromycin, rifampicin,ampicillin, penicillin and streptomycin.Conclusion: NiO nanoparticles exhibited remarkable antibacterial properties against gram positive and gram-negative bacteria and can be a new treatment for human pathogenic and antibiotic-resistant bacteria.
Effects of Phase IV Pedometer Feedback Home-Based Cardiac Rehabilitation on Cardiovascular Functional Capacity in Patients With Myocardial Infarction: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Dehghani Mostafa , Cheraghi Mostafa , Namdari Mehrdad , Roshan Valiollah Dabidi
Published: September 2019

Introduction: Pedometer feedback home-based cardiac rehabilitation (PFHCR) programs have been effective in augmenting exercise tolerance. Our aim was to investigate the effects of PFHCR on cardiovascular functional capacity in patients with myocardial infarction (MI).Methods: Forty MI patients were divided into two intervention and two control groups (n=10)in a randomized controlled trial. The intervention group received a PFHCR program including routine medications along with continuous exercise program, whereas the control group received traditional care without PFHCR. Baseline evaluations and cardiovascular stresses were controlled during the 8-week follow-up rehabilitation program in all patients. Data analysis was conducted using one-way ANOVA and paired sample student’s t-test (P ≤ 0.05).Results: At baseline, no significant differences were observed between the groups. After eight weeks of PFHCR, the intervention groups had significantly higher metabolic equivalent(P = 0.001), VO2max (P = 0.001), total exercise times (P = 0.001), and total distance traveled(P = 0.003) when compared with the control groups. However, no significant intra-group or inter-group differences in variables were observed between the men and women.Conclusion: Our results showed that PFHCR exhibited significant optimal effects on the cardiovascular functional capacity in MI patients.
Nasal Carriage and Antibiotic Resistance Pattern of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Isolates from Clinical Staff of a Referral Hospital, Zabol, Iran
Authors: Mir Mina , Kordi Jalileh , Ghalehnoo Zahra Rashki , Tadjrobehkar Omid , Vaez Hamid
Published: September 2019

Introduction: Staphylococcus aureus is known as the causative agent of various infections in humans, and the nasal cavity is the main anatomical site for storing and spreading this pathogen in health care workers (HCWs) in hospital settings. Methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) strains are resistant to many antibiotics. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence and antibiotic resistance patterns of S. aureus strains isolated from the nasal carriage of HCWs in a referral hospital in Zabol. Methods: A total of 277 HCWs of Amir-Al-Momenin hospital of Zabol participated voluntarily in this study from March to September 2017. Demographic information was collected using questionnaire. Bacterial isolates were collected from anterior nasal canal using cotton swabs. MRSA isolates were detected by Oxacillin Screen agar and polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Antibiotic resistance was assessed by the disk-diffusion method.Results: In total, 10.8% of HCWs were carriers of S. aureus and 46.7% of the isolates were found to be MRSA. Laboratory staffs were the most frequently colonized HCWs. All the isolates were susceptible to vancomycin, teicoplanin and gentamicin. The highest resistance rate (64.3%) of MRSA isolates was observed against erythromycin.Conclusion: Our findings showed that gentamycin and rifampin might be useful to eradicate S.aureus. Regular screening of HCWs and assessment of antibiotic resistance profile are essential to prevent MRSA dissemination in hospitals.
The Omani Distance Learning Program to Teach the Holy Quran: Analytical Descriptive Study
Authors: Al-Musawi Ali Sharaf , Al Akhzami Salim , Al Hinai Abdullah
Published: September 2019

AbstractThis study aimed to investigate the usefulness of Omani distance-learning program to teach the Holy Quran and identify its advantages and disadvantages as viewed by the program stakeholders (administrators, teachers, students). The study used both analytical and descriptive approaches. The study sample was selected using purposive sampling to be representative of the study community of administrators, teachers and students. A survey questionnaire, consists of 19 statements, was designed and measured to ensure its validity and reliability. The findings indicated high satisfaction among the stakeholders on most items of the questionnaire with regard to the educational components of the program with a mean score of 4.16. Additionally, the findings showed that there was no statistically significant difference between the stakeholders’ views in terms of the gender, both male and female, variables. The study recommended that the program administrators should work to enhance the positive aspects of the program highlighted by the study and to avoid the passivity emerged from the study..AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan menyelidiki kegunaan program pembelajaran jarak jauh di Oman untuk mengajarkan Al-Quran dan untuk mengidentifikasi kelebihan dan kekurangan yang dilihat oleh para pemangku kepentingan program (administrator, guru, siswa). Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan analitis deskriptif. Sampel penelitian dipilih menggunakan purposive sampling untuk mewakili komunitas studi dari administrator, guru dan siswa. Kuesioner survei yang terdiri dari (19) pernyataan dirancang dan diukur untuk memastikan validitas dan reliabilitasnya. Temuan menunjukkan kepuasan yang tinggi di antara para pemangku kepentingan pada sebagian besar item kuesioner berkenaan dengan komponen pendidikan program dengan skor rata-rata (4,16). Selain itu, temuan menunjukkan bahwa tidak ada perbedaan yang signifikan secara statistik antara pandangan para pemangku kepentingan dalam hal variabel gender (pria / wanita). Studi ini merekomendasikan bahwa administrator program harus bekerja untuk meningkatkan aspek positif dari program yang disorot oleh penelitian dan untuk menghindari kepasifan yang muncul dari penelitian. How to Cite : Al Akhzami, S., Al Hinai, A., Al Musawi, A. (2019).  The Omani Distance Learning Program to Teach the Holy Quran: Analytical Descriptive Study. TARBIYA: Journal of Education in Muslim Society, 6(1), 1-9. doi:10.15408/tjems.v6i1.11182.
Assessing Student Social Studies Learning: Effects of Learning Environment, Inquiry, and Student Learning Interest
Authors: Rosfiani Okta , Akbar Ma’ruf , Neolaka Amos
Published: September 2019

AbstractThis study aims to examine the effect of the learning environment, inquiry, and learning interest on student social studies learning assessment. The participants involved in this study are 130 students from public primary schools in South Jakarta. Data collection consists of social studies learning score, learning environment scale, inquiry scale, and learning interest scale. The results of the study show that the learning environment, inquiry, and learning interest directly influenced student social studies learning assessment in which inquiry and learning interest have a significant effect on student social studies learning assessment.AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji pengaruh lingkungan belajar, inkuiri, dan minat belajar terhadap penilaian belajar Ilmu Pendidikan Sosial (IPS) siswa. Peserta yang terlibat adalah 130 siswa dari sekolah dasar negeri di Jakarta Selatan. Pengumpulan data terdiri dari skor pembelajaran IPS, skala lingkungan belajar, skala inkuiri, dan skala minat belajar. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa lingkungan belajar, inkuiri, dan minat belajar secara langsung mempengaruhi penilaian belajar IPS siswa. Dimana inkuiri dan minat belajar memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap penilaian pembelajaran IPS.How to Cite : Rosfiani, O., Akbar, M., Neolaka, A. (2019).  Assessing Student Social Studies Learning: Effects of Learning Environment, Inquiry, and Student Learning Interest. TARBIYA: Journal of Education in Muslim Society, 6(1), 46-57. doi:10.15408/tjems.v6i1.11593.
Ability of Mathematical Generalisation Thinking of Mathematics Education Students
Authors: Fatra Maifalinda , Angraini Lilis Marina , Jatmiko M. Anang
Published: September 2019

AbstractThe main objectives of this study are: 1) describing and analyzing the mathematical generalization ability of mathematics education students at State Islamic University (UIN) in Indonesia, 2) investigating the differences in mathematical generalization abilities of mathematics education students across State Islamic University (UIN) in Indonesia. The study was conducted at 6 UIN in Indonesia with a sample of  5th semester students using the survey method. The results of this study indicate that: 1) The ability of mathematical generalizations thinking of Mathematics Education students from 6 state Islamic universities in Indonesia can be seen from the average value of each sample.  The average mathematical generalization of Syarif Hidayatullah State Islamic University in Jakarta is higher high than the other 5 state Islamic universities, with the average value of  61.31. 2) There is no difference in the ability of mathematical generalization thinking among mathematics educations students of State Islamic University (UIN) in Indonesia.AbstrakTujuan utama dari penelitian ini adalah: 1) mendeskripsikan dan menganalisis kemampuan generalisasi matematika siswa pendidikan matematika di Universitas Islam Negeri (UIN) di Indonesia, 2) menyelidiki perbedaan kemampuan generalisasi matematika siswa pendidikan matematika di Universitas Islam Negeri (UIN) ) di Indonesia. Penelitian ini dilakukan di 6 UIN di Indonesia dengan sampel mahasiswa semester 5 menggunakan metode survei. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa: 1) Kemampuan berpikir generalisasi matematika siswa Pendidikan Matematika dari 6 universitas Islam negeri di Indonesia dapat dilihat dari nilai rata-rata setiap sampel. Generalisasi matematika rata-rata dari Universitas Islam Negeri Syarif Hidayatullah di Jakarta lebih tinggi daripada 5 universitas Islam negeri lainnya, dengan nilai rata-rata 61,31. 2) Tidak ada perbedaan kemampuan berpikir generalisasi matematika di kalangan mahasiswa pendidikan matematika Universitas Islam Negeri (UIN) di Indonesia.  How to Cite : Fatra, M., Angraini, L. M., Jatmiko, M. A. (2019).  Ability of Mathematical Generalisation Thinking of Mathematics Education Students. TARBIYA: Journal of Education in Muslim Society, 6(1), 69-75. doi:10.15408/tjems.v5i1.12315.
Pesantren and Local Female Leadership in Modern Indonesia
Authors: Kusmana Kusmana
Published: September 2019

AbstractThis paper is taking two cases of leadership. The first case deals with a given leadership trait of Nyai Yoyoh Johara, Cintawana Pesantren, Singaparna, Tasikmalaya district, and the other of Nyai Etti Tismayanti, al-Ikhwan Pesantren, Condong, Setia Negara, Tasikmalaya city. Applying a grounded research method and using Anthony Giddens’s perspective of social practice, the study identifies woman’s leadership in Islamic educational institutions, from the competition of social force of kodrat and of democracy and feminism.  The object of the study is the Muslim woman’s leadership at pesantren in the local context. The data used in this study is based on the fieldwork which was done April to November 2010 in both Tasikmalaya district and city. The study found that women apply some strategies and manipulate the hindrances they face dynamically to have a career in the educational realm, in the male world using the limitation imposed by the norm such as kodrat, with several strategies. Modern values as social forces do influence female leadership agency but are implemented through certain rationalization which still maintains the traditional roles of women.AbstrakArtikel ini mendiskusikan bagaimana perempuan memimpin di pesantren, baik dalam bentuk kepemimpinan terberi (inherited) atau kepemimpinan yang diraih dengan usaha (achieved leadership) di konteks lokal, Kabupaten Tasikmalaya dan Kota Tasikmalaaya, dengan mengambil dua kasus kepemimpinan. Kasus pertama mendiskusikan jalan (trait) kepemimpinan Nyai Yoyoh Johara, Cintawana Pesantren, Singaparna, Tasikmalaya Kabupaten, dan kedua Nyai Etti Tismayanti, dari Pesantren al-Ikhwan, Condong, Setia Negara, Kota Tasikmalaya. Dengan menggunakan metode grounded research dan perspektif praktek sosial Anthony Giddens, kajian ini mengidentifiksi kepemimpinan perempuan di Lembaga pendidikan Islam, dari kompetisi kekuatan sosial kodrat perempuan dan kekuatan demokrasi dan feminism. Obyek kajian ini adalah kepemimpinan perempuan Muslim di pesantren dalam konteks lokal.  ata yang digunakan dalam peneliti ini adalah berdasar pada hasil penelitin lapngan yang dikerjakan dari bulan April sampai November 2010 di Kabupaten Tasikmalaya dan Kota Tasikmalaya.Kajian ini menemukan bahwa perempuan mengaplikasikan beberapa strategi dan mensiasti halangan yang mereka temui dan mereka  secara dinamis bergerak meraih karir  dalam dunia pendidikan, dengan menggunakan keterbatasan yang mereka punyai  disebabkan pengaruh norma kodrat. Nilai-nilai modern yang berfungsi sebagai kekuatan sosial mempengaruhi agensi kepemimpinan perempuan, tapi pengaruh tersebut dirasionalisasi melalui kekuatan sosial yang masih memelihara peranan tradisional perempuan. How to Cite Kusmana (2019).   Pesantren and Local Female Leadership in Modern Indonesia. TARBIYA: Journal of Education in Muslim Society, 6(1), 23-35. doi:10.15408/tjems.v6i1.8919.
Myasthenia gravis: 1002 transsternalis thymectomia perioperatív szövődményei – egy intézmény 34 éves gyakorlata történeti áttekintésben
Authors: Kas József , Kocsis Ákos , Kiss Dorottya , Simon Veronika , Komoly Sámuel , Rózsa Csilla , Svastics Egon
Published: September 2019

Absztrakt:

Bevezetés: Alfred Blalock 80 éve közölt első műtéte óta a
thymectomia a myasthenia gravis kezelésének fontos részévé vált. A külföldön már
elfogadott többféle műtéti eljárás ellenére itthon 2006-ig a szegycsonti
feltárás szinte kizárólagos módszer volt a csecsemőmirigy eltávolításában.
Közleményünkben ennek a módszernek a közvetlen sebészi következményeit,
szövődményeit elemezzük. Módszerek: A Budai MÁV Kórház
Sebészeti Osztályán 34 év alatt 1002 transsternalis thymectomia történt
myasthenia gravis (MG) diagnózisú betegeken. A műtéteket neurológiai javallatra
végeztük el, alapos kivizsgálás és ideggyógyászati-belgyógyászati előkészítés
után. A thymomával társult betegségben a thymus és a tumor eltávolítása kettős
indikációjú volt. A 34 év alatt egyaránt jelentősen módosult a neurológiai
javallat és az előkészítés, a perioperatív kezelés és a műtéti technika is. Az
eredményeket a legjellemzőbb műtéti technika (egyszerű és kiterjesztett
thymectomia) alapján két korszakra tagolva, a thymomás és a reoperáción átesett
betegek adatait pedig elkülönítve jelenítjük meg, elsősorban a légzéssel
összefüggő szövődményekre koncentrálva. Eredmények: A betegek
életkora 8 és 73 év között volt, átlagosan 32 év. Nő/férfi arány: 3,5:1. Az MG
thymomával társult a betegek 12,7%-ában. Tizenegy betegnél rethymectomia,
további két betegnél pedig szívműtét után resternotomia történt. Az első, 19
éves periódus először operált, csak myastheniás 525 betegéből 21,3%-ban
következett be légzési elégtelenség a műtét után, sürgős reintubáció 12,8%-ban,
tracheostomia 11,2%-ban történt. A második, 15 éves periódus 338 betegénél
12,7%-ban volt posztoperatív légzési elégtelenség, 7,1%-ban sürgős
reintubációval, mindössze 1,2%‑ban légcsőmetszéssel kiegészítve. A 126 thymomás
betegnél 19,1%-ban következett be légzési elégtelenség, 12,8%-os reintubációval
és 20,6%-os tracheostomia aránnyal. A 13 reoperált betegnél 46,1%-ban lépett fel
légzési elégtelenség, 15,4%-os reintubációval és 46,1%-os tracheostomia
aránnyal. Súlyos sebészi szövődmény a teljes anyagban is kevés volt: 2
szegycsonti vérzés reoperációt igényelve, 1 további reoperáció drénbeszakadás
miatt, 4 mediastinitis az első periódusban, két szívsérülés és egy szegycsont
szétválás a második időszakban. A teljes műtéti halálozás 1,4% volt: első
periódus (1,3%), második periódus (0,3%), thymomás csoport (4%) és a reoperációk
után (7,7%). Következtetések: Történeti áttekintésben
jelentősen csökkent a transsternalis thymectomia súlyos légzési és légúti
szövődményeinek, valamint halálozásának aránya, de a műtétet követő légzési
elégtelenség és a szegycsontátvágás sebészi kockázata továbbra is reális
veszélynek tekinthető.
A VATS lobectomia standardizálódása osztályunkon 2011–2017 között az onkológiai utánkövetés eredményeinek tükrében
Authors: Szántó Zoltán , Kovács Ottó , Parham Choroumzadeh Dashti , Lippai Norbert , Csőszi Tibor , Urbán Dániel
Published: September 2019

Absztrakt:

Bevezetés: A szerzők elemzik a bevezetést követő hét évben
tüdőrák miatt végzett minimálisan invazív (video-assisted thoracic surgery –
VATS) lobectomiák sebészi technikáját, eredményeit és onkológiai utánkövetését.
Anyag és módszer: 2011. június 23. és 2017. december 21.
között 173 VATS lobectomia történt 105 férfi, illetve 68 nőbetegnél. Az
átlagéletkor 64,1 év, az átlagos műtéti időtartam 130 perc volt.
Eredmények: Konverzió 8 esetben történt, háromszor vérzés,
háromszor érfali nyirokcsomó infiltráció, illetve két alkalommal
hörgővarrat-elégtelenség miatt. A posztoperatív első 3 hétben elhúzódó
áteresztést 20 esetben észleltek, emiatt tíz reoperatio történt (hét újbóli
VATS, három thoracotomia), tíz eset drainage-ra szanálódott. Két
haematomakiürítés történt VATS-szal, illetve egy elektromos kardioverzió
pitvarfibrillatio miatt. Perioperatív halálozás nem volt. A 164 eltávolított
malignus tumorból 5 metastasis volt. Szövettani megoszlás alapján 110
adenocarcinoma, 32 planocellularis carcinoma, 6 kissejtes neuroendocrin
carcinoma, 4 differenciálatlan tumor, 4 carcinoid, 1 szinkron adenocarcinoma és
planocellularis carcinoma, 1 szinkron adenocarcinoma és kissejtes neuroendokrin
carcinoma, illetve 1 carcinosarcoma igazolódott. 118 beteg kapott adjuváns
kemoterápiát. A tumorok stádiuma: IA 40, IB 53, IIA 29, IIB 16, IIIA 21 eset
volt. A betegek átlagos utánkövetési ideje 19,5 hónap volt. Ezalatt 9 betegnél
lokális recidivát, 27 betegnél távoli metastasist észleltünk (11 tüdő- [3
multiplex], 10 csont-, 6 agyi, 3 máj- [1 multiplex], illetve 3
mellékvese-metastasis). Szimultán tüdőmetastasisokkal 2 esetben lokalizált
pleuracarcinosis is igazolódott. Következtetés: Fenti
időszakban a VATS lobectomia bevonult az osztály rutinműtétei közé. A korábbi
nyitott műtétek axillaris thoracotomiából történő végzését az anterior technika
elsajátításában előnyösnek érezzük. A betegek onkológiai gondozása során észlelt
lokális recidivák, távoli metastasisok megjelenése korrelál a szakirodalom
hasonló adataival.
Az idiopátiás granulomatózus mastitis. Egy ritka kórkép előfordulása osztályunkon
Authors: Gurdon István Tas , Ligeti Erika , Réti György , Horzov Myroslav , Bognár Gábor , Kovács Tamás , Berki Csaba , Jánó Zoltán , Mohay József , Bene Erzsébet Krisztina , Mohos Petra , Tornai Gábor , Sándor Gábor , Szenkovits Péter , Nagy Tibor Sándor , Orbán Csaba , Herpai Vivien , Mohos Elemér
Published: September 2019

Absztrakt:

Bevezetés: Osztályunkon 2017-ben két esetben is a végleges
szövettani feldolgozást követően idiopátiás granulomatózus mastitis diagnózisa
született. Az idiopátiás granulomatózus mastitis az emlő ritka, jóindulatú,
gyulladásos elváltozása, mely klinikai képében malignitást utánozhat.

Osztályunkon előforduló esetek kapcsán szeretnénk felhívni a figyelmet erre a
differenciáldiagnosztikai problémát jelentő kórképre.
Gardner-syndroma, avagy amikor a raritások „kopogtatnak az ajtón”
Authors: Füredi Gábor , Varga István , Máj Csilla , Szilágyi Anna , Madácsy László , Paál Zoltán , Altorjay Áron
Published: September 2019

Absztrakt:

Bevezetés: A Gardner-syndroma a Familiaris Adenomatosus
Polyposis klinikai altípusa, egy igen ritka autoszomálisan öröklődő betegség,
amelyet a gastrointestinalis traktus polyposisa, valamint extraintestinalis
elváltozásként multiplex osteomák, bőr- és lágyrésztumorok jellemeznek.

A szerzők egy férfi betegük kapcsán áttekintik a Gardner-syndroma
diagnosztikáját, kezelését, gondozását, valamint felhívják a figyelmet arra,
hogy a ritka betegségcsoportok ismerete az ellátás mindegyik szintjén fontos –
kiváltképp a nagy forgalmú osztályokon történő korrekt betegellátás
szempontjából.
Akut hasi panaszokat okozó ritka limfóma – Esettanulmány
Authors: Czeller Dániel , Solymosi Attila , Máté Miklós
Published: September 2019

Absztrakt:

Bevezetés: A limfómák a gasztrointesztinális traktus ritka
daganatai közé tartoznak. Az úgynevezett Burkitt-like limfóma a
non-Hodgkin-limfómák közé tartozó igen agresszív, gyorsan növekvő, de
potenciálisan gyógyítható daganat. A sebész leginkább bélelzáródás, perforáció
vagy hasi fájdalmat okozó gyorsan növekvő terime képében találkozhat vele.
Tanulmányunk célja, hogy bemutassunk egy olyan esetet, amikor Burkitt-like
limfóma bélelzáródás vagy perforáció nélkül okozott akut hasi panaszokat,
továbbá hogy áttekintsük és összefoglaljuk a témában fellelhető tényanyagot.
Esetünkkel kapcsolatban elmondhatjuk, hogy a diagnózis felállításához és a
kezelés mielőbbi megkezdéséhez elengedhetetlen a szövettani mintavétel és a
betegség multidiszciplináris megközelítése.
A mikrobiom szerepe a fül-orr-gégészetben
Authors: Fekete Szilvia , Szabó Dóra , Tamás László , Polony Gábor
Published: September 2019

Abstract:

Our health is highly determined by the diverse microbial community living within our body and upon our skin. Balance among the members of the commensal microbiota is essential for the preservation of health. New generation sequencing is a rapid, sensitive method for determining the whole microbiome without prior hypothesis and also gives information on the resistance and virulence status. Application of this method can help to identify the pathogens contributing to different diseases, and also the protective bacteria inhibiting their growth. Detecting the changes of the microbiome helps to identify new therapeutic targets and establish targeted antibiotic therapy. Broad-spectrum antibiotics also act against the beneficial members of the microbial flora, which may lead to the development of recurrent or chronic disease. Ear, nose and throat infections are the most common infective diseases in humans and the leading cause for antibiotic prescription worldwide. In recent years, many studies using molecular biology methods were performed examining the microbiome of healthy humans and in otorhinolaryngologic diseases. In the present work, the authors review the changes of the microbiological communities in the healthy state and in various pathologic states in the anatomic regions of the ear, nose and throat. Orv Hetil. 2019; 160(39): 1533–1541.
Az indikátoralapú teljesítményértékelésre épülő forráselosztás hatékonysága Magyarországon a felnőtteket ellátó háziorvosi praxisokban
Authors: Pálinkás Anita , Kovács Nóra , Sipos Valéria , Vincze Ferenc , Papp Magor , Czifra Árpád , Ádány Róza , Sándor János
Published: September 2019

Abstract:

Introduction: The indicator-based performance monitoring and pay-for-performance system for Hungarian primary care was established in 2009, covering the whole country. It is based on a stable legal system and well operating information technology. Although, the health insurance system is able to facilitate the performance improvement only by the financing for general medical practices, the many times modified present system does not take into consideration (apart from the geographical location of practices) factors which determine the performance but cannot be influenced by general practitioners. Aim: The study aimed at renewing the indicator set and evaluation methodology in order to enable the monitoring to evaluate the performance of general medical practices independent of their structural characteristics. Method: Each adult care specific primary care performance indicator from June 2016 covering the whole country has been investigated. Indicators adjusted for structural practice characteristics (age and gender of patients; relative education of people provided; settlement type and county of the practice) have been computed. The difference between adjusted indicators and national reference values has been evaluated by statistical testing. Appropriateness of the present monitoring and financing system has been investigated by comparing the practice level presently applied and adjusted indicators to outline the opportunities to develop the present system. Results: The present monitoring allocates 34.46% of pay-for-performance resources for improving the performance of practices. The majority of resources supports the conservation of performance. Furthermore, the present system is not able to identify each practice with better than reference performance, withholding amount corresponding to 8.83% of pay-for-performance resources. If this financing were restricted to practices with significantly better than reference performance, the maximum of the financing a month in a practice would increase from 176 042 HUF (551 EURO) to 406 604 HUF (1274 EURO). Conclusion: Completing the performance monitoring system operated at present by the National Health Insurance Fund of Hungary with indicators adjusted for structural characteristics of the general medical practices, the resource allocation effectiveness could be improved. Orv Hetil. 2019; 160(39): 1542–1553.
A végrehajtó funkciók összefüggése a testtömegindexszel és a DRD4-VNTR 7-es alléllal
Authors: Bircher Julianna , Kótyuk Eszter , Cserjési Renáta , Vereczkei Andrea , Rónai Zsolt , Sasvári-Székely Mária , Székely Anna , Nagy Géza
Published: September 2019

Abstract:

Introduction and aim: Earlier results in the literature suggest that overweight subjects show weaker performance in executive function tasks as compared to normal weight people. Dopaminergic system is strongly linked to executive functions, body mass regulation and ingestion. The aim of the present study was to examine the possible relationship between DRD4 VNTR 7-repeat allele, body mass index and Stroop performance in a healthy adult population, and to draw psychogenetic conclusions. Method: 152 subjects without diabetic or psychiatric history participated in the study. Along with non-invasive DNA sampling, demographic, weight and height data were collected. The participants also solved the computerized Stroop task. 11 subjects belonged to the underweight (mean body mass index = 17.9 kg/m2), 98 subjects to the normal (mean body mass index = 21.8 kg/m2), and 43 subjects to the overweight (mean body mass index = 28.9 kg/m2) category. After grouping participants according to their body mass index and DRD4 VNTR genotype, we compared their mean performance to investigate the possible psychogenetic associations. Results: Body mass index and stimuli type showed significant interaction on error number (p = 0.045): subjects with normal body mass index made significantly less error as compared to under- and overweight subjects in incongruent trials. The 7-repeat allele carriers made tendentiously more errors than non-carriers. Normal weight people made less error – independently from their genotype –, while subjects with either low or high BMI carrying the 7-repeat allele made more errors compared to non-carriers. Conclusion: Under- and overweight subjects perform weaker where inhibition is necessary in the task. This may reflect their reactions to food-related situations. Orv Hetil. 2019; 160(39): 1554–1562.
Az orvosi antropológia című tantárgy helye és szerepe az orvosképzésben. Az úgynevezett szegedi modell
Authors: Pikó Bettina , Kapocsi Erzsébet , Tari Gergely , Kiss Hedvig , Barabás Katalin
Published: September 2019

Abstract:

It is a necessary part of modern medical education that medical students should learn about the binary nature of human beings – biological and cultural – since both have an impact on our behavior. The subject of medical anthropology helps with understanding the mechanisms and lay concepts behind patients’ decisions which is particularly important in our globalized world. The major goal of this course is to help medical students with acquiring cultural competence through theoretical bases and empirical examples that may help them later in their work when they meet patients with different cultural backgrounds. In the present study, we introduce the course of Medical Anthropology as it happens at the Faculty of Medicine, University of Szeged: the so-called Szeged model – its aims, syllabus, strengths, opportunities and possible difficulties. During the development of the subject, we greatly focused on its links to other subjects of behavioral and medical sciences and on its practice-oriented nature. Thus, the course partly contains of lectures and seminars which display cultural variability in relation to biological reality through practical examples. As a result, the topics of medical anthropology prepare the students to use the knowledge as well as skills and attitudes in clinical practice. Orv Hetil. 2019; 160(39): 1527–1532.
Pelatihan Tentang Keterampilan Membaca Bagi Para Guru Sekolah Di Kecamatan Regol Kota Bandung
Authors: Sulthonie Ahmad Agus , Rahman M. Taufiq
Published: September 2019

Tulisan ini merupakan hasil dari kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat yang dilakukan dengan kajian penelitian. Kajian ini membahas tentang keefektifan pelatihan membaca bagi guru-guru Sekolah Menengah Pertama di Kecamatan Regol Kota Bandung. Tujuan kajian ini yakni untuk memahami bagaimana pelatihan tersebut dapat membawa kemajuan bagi guru-guru dalam membaca, sehingga dapat ditularkan kepada anak-anak didik mereka. Metode yang digunakan yaitu metode deskriptif dan teknik pengumpulan data yakni wawancara, observasi, dan studi pustaka. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa pelatihan membaca dapat meningkatkan kemampuan dalam memilih, mencerna, menyampaikan, dan menggunakan bacaan. Kemampuan-kemampuan ini dapat ditingkatkan dengan cara sering berkesadaran pada materi-materi tentang membaca yang dilatihkan dalam pelatihan membaca di atas. Pada gilirannya kemampuan tersebut dapat ditransferkan kepada anak-anak didik para guru tersebut, seperti dalam laporan pendampingan dari kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat.
Pelatihan Membaca Kitab Kuning Dan Mengirab Kalimat Berbahasa Arab Di Majlis Ta’lim At-Taubah Cibiuk Garut
Authors: Komarudin Edi , Sudjatnika Tenny
Published: September 2019

Dalam pengabdian ini masalah pokok yang dikerjakan adalah bagaimana meningkatkan kemampuan santri dalam membaca kitab kuning dan mengi’rab kalimat berbahasa Arab berdasarkan kajian Ilmu Nahwu dan Shorof. Naskah berbahasa Arab yang tersusun rapi berdasarkan uslub dan gaya bahasa yang variatif menuntut pembacanya mempunyai kemahiran untuk membaca dan menganalsisinya. Kitab kuning atau kitab tanpa harokat berisi pesan-pesan bernilai yang menuntut keahlian khusus untuk memahaminya. Kemampuan membaca kitab kuning dan mengi’rab kalimat berbahasa arab adalah salah satu factor penting dalam memahami teks berbahasa arab. Kemampuan tersebut memerlukan pelatihan.  Pelatihan membaca kitab kuning dan mengi’rab kalimat berbahasa arab merupakan salah satu upaya dalam meningkatkan kemampuan jama’ah majlis ta’lim at-Taubah Cibiuk Garut dalam memahami kitab kuning. Pelatihan ini dilaksanakan sebagai bentuk pengabdian masyarakat yang dilakukan oleh dosen UIN Bandung di desa mitra kampus. Alasan pemilihan majlis ta’lim at-Taubah sebagai masyarakat sasaran adalah adanya aktifitas jamaah majlis ta’lim at-Taubah dalam pembelajaran nahwu shorof dan kitab kuning sebagai rujukannya.
Penyuluhan Sanitasi Dan Higienis Makanan Pada Pedagang Kantin Di Sekitar Kampus Uin Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung
Authors: Paujiah Epa , Salikho Mar’atus
Published: September 2019

Pedagang yang berjualan di instutusi pendidikan seperti kampus merupakan salah satu komunitas yang berhubungan langsung dengan mahasiswa maupun dosen seperti halnya di UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung. Makanan merupakan salah satu faktor penting yang mendukung terhadap kesehatan manusia dan menjadi kebutuhan dasar bagi kehidupan manusia. Kejadian luar biasa yang disebabkan karena keracunan makanan dapat meningkat jika kondisi makanannya tidak diperhatikan. Penjajah makanan atau food handler menjadi salah satu point penting yang harus diperhatikan mengingat penjajah makanan adalah salah satu perantara mikroorganisme penyebab keracunan makanan. Kegiatan ini bertujuan untuk memberikan pemahaman dan pelatihan terhadap pedagang makanan atau minuman yang menjajakan dagangannya di kampus UIN Sunan Gunung Dajti Bandung. Kegiatan ini dilaksanakan di Kebun Pustaka Pendidikan Biologi pada bulan Mei 2018. Setelah dilakukan penyuluhan, para peserta yang telah mengikuti kegiatan tersebut dimonitoring. Hasil kegiatan menunjukan bahwa peserta yang menghadiri kegiatan penyuluhan berjumlah 26 orang yang mewakili para pedagang di kampus. Berdasarkan wawancara dengan peserta, materi yang disampaikan dapat memberikan pengetahuan tambahan mengenai sanitasi dan higienis makanan sehingga para peserta dapat lebih berhati-hati dalam memilih bahan makanan/minuman dan mengolah makanan. Selain itu, pedagang menjadi lebih tau bahaya zat additive jika ditambahkan ke dalam bahan makanan/minuman. Berdasarkan kebersihan perorangan, menunjukan bahwa peserta penyuluhan memiliki tingkat kebersihan perorangan yang baik (>60%) berdasarkan 10 indikator yang diamati. Penelitian menganai pemeriksaan laboratorium perlu dilakukan untuk memastikan kebersihan perorangan sehingga kebersihan makanan dapat terjamin.
‘Ain’t misbehavin’
Authors: Maloy Liam
Published: September 2019

Jazz music in children’s television communicates complex and subversive messages about the constructed notion of the child. As a musical and visual style, jazz has the potential to create a semiotic space for young viewers to explore a range of issues in ways not possible by more widely used genres of music for children. Whether as soundtrack, theme song or live performance on children’s television, jazz music provides the opportunity for resistant readings that undermine the very construction of childhood. I examine the use of jazz in early Hollywood cartoons and in the Hanna-Barbera productions of the early 1960s (The Flintstones, The Jetsons, Yogi Bear and Top Cat) in order to explain how sub-genres of jazz were used to signify age, social status, race and gender. This is followed by a discussion of jazz on Sesame Street and The Muppet Show and how it has been used in didactic, instructional and progressive educational programming, often strategically for its connotations of race and sexuality. I argue that jazz in children’s television offers a forum in which often-complex and contradictory issues of adulthood can be accessed, contextualised and negotiated by the child. The experience that jazz represents negates innocence, the main defining quality of Western childhood. However, as an abstract art form, jazz on television captures the fluidity of childhood and challenges the puritanical and Romantic foundations of its white hetero-normative construction.