bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
KORELASI KETERAMPILAN MEMBACA PEMAHAMAN DENGAN KETERAMPILAN MENULIS TEKS LAPORAN HASIL OBSERVASI SISWA KELAS VII SMP NEGERI 33 PADANG
Authors: Monika Monika , Afnita Afnita
Published: February 2021

ABSTRACT There are three aims of this study. First, describe the skills of reading comprehention of VII grade students at SMP Negeri 33 Padang. Second, describe the writing skills of the report observation text of VII grade students at SMP Negeri 33 Padang. Third, describe the correlation of reading comprehention with the writing skills of the report observation text of VII grade students at SMP Negeri 33 Padang. The  type of this research is quantitative in terms of descriptive methods. The design used in this study is correlational design. The population of this study was the seventh grade students of the SMP Negeri 33 Padang which was registered in the 2018/2019 school year, it was 192 students. The sample in this study was determined by proportional random sampling of 20% of the population, namely 36 students. The research data is in the form of scores on the skills test results of reading comprehention and scores on the results of the test writing skills of the report observation text. The instrument of this study is an objective test to measure reading comprehention skills and performance tests to measure report observation text writing skills. The results of this study are three. First, the skills to write report observation texts of  VII grade students of the SMP Negeri 33 Padang is in accordance with the Good qualifications (B) with an averange value 82,99. Second, the skill of reading comprehention of VII grade students of the SMP Negeri 33 Padang in accordance with Good qualifications (B) with an averange value 81,42. Third, there is a significant correlation betwen reading comprehention skills and report observation text writing skills of VIII grade students of the SMP Negeri 7 Padang on n-1 freedom degrees and 95% significant level. H0 is reject and H1is accepted because the tcount is greater than ttable (13,59 > 2,68).  Kata Kunci: Korelasi, Keterampilan Membaca Pemahaman, Keterampilan Menulis Teks Laporan Hasil Observasi.
NILAI-NILAI PENDIDIKAN KARAKTER DALAM KABA SABAI NAN ALUIH KARYA M.RASYID MANGGIS DT. RAJO PENGHULU DAN IMPLIKASINYA DALAM PEMBELAJARAN TEKS HIKAYAT KELAS X SMA
Authors: Maresta Nella , Abdurrahman Abdurrahman
Published: February 2021

ABSTRACT The data of this study consisted of words, sentences and discourses that featured events and figures that changed the values of character education included in Kaba Sabai Nan Aluih Karya M. Rasyid Manggis Dt. Rajo Penghulu. The technique of collecting this research data, namely reading and understanding, inventorying, and retrieving data relating to character education values in Sabai Nan Aluih's kaba and adoption when reading appreciation. The technique of analyzing the data of this study, namely data that has been collected and classified, is then analyzed based on theory. The method used is descriptive method, according to the purpose of the study. Based on the results of the study, the values of character education studied in kaba Sabai Nan Aluih by M. Rasyid Manggis Dt. Rajo Penghulu found. First, data that contains the value of honest character education. Second, the data that contains the value of the education of the character of hard work. Third, data that contains the value of Mandiri character education. Fourth, data that contains the value of Democratic character education. Fifth, the data containing the values of peace-loving character education. Sixth, the data that contains the value of social care education. Seventh, the data that contains the value of character education is responsible. Kata kunci: Nilai Pendidikan Karakter, Saga, Kaba
PENGARUH MODEL PROJECT BASED LEARNING BERBANTUAN MEDIA GAMBAR BERSERI TERHADAP KETERAMPILAN MENULIS TEKS PROSEDUR SISWA KELAS VII SMP NEGERI 20 PADANG
Authors: Wulandari Erika , Asri Yasnur
Published: February 2021

ABSTRACT  This purpose of this study is three. First, describing the procedure of writing text for students of class VII in Junior High School 20 Padang before using the project based learning model assisted by the media of serial images. Secondly, describing the procedure of writing text for students of class VII in Junior High School 20 Padang after using the project based learning model assisted by the media of serial images. Third, analyzing the effect of the use of project based learning models assisted by the media of serial images on the skills of writing procedure text for students of class VII in Junior High School 20 Padang. This type of research is quantitative research with one group pretest and posttest design experimental methods. There are three results of this study. First, the procedure of writing text in the seventh grade of Junior High School 20 Padang before using the project based learning model assisted by the media of serial images is of sufficient qualification (C) with an average value of 62,76. Second, the procedure of writing text in the seventh grade of Junior High School 20 Padang after using the project based learning model assisted by the media of serial images is of good qualification (B) with an average grade of 78,52. Third, based on the t-test, H1 is accepted at the 95% confidence level and dk = (n-1) because tcount>ttable (6,25>1,82).  Kata Kunci:  Pengaruh, Model Project Based Learning, Media Gambar Berseri, Keterampilan Menulis Teks Prosedur
KORELASI KETERAMPILAN MEMBACA PEMAHAMAN DENGAN KETERAMPILAN MENULIS TEKS DESKRIPSI SISWA KELAS VII SMP NEGERI 9 PADANG
Authors: Ikhsan Hafizul , Basri Irfani
Published: February 2021

ABSTRACT The purpose of this study is three. First, describing reading skills understanding the text description of class VII students of SMP Negeri 9 Padang. Second, describe the writing skills of description text. Third, describe the correlation of reading text description understanding with writing text description skills of class VII students of SMP Negeri 9 Padang. The population of this study was seventh grade students of SMP Negeri 9 Padang who were registered in the 2019/2020 school year with 192 students. The sample in this study was determined by proportional random sampling of 25% of the population, which is 48 students. Based on data analysis and discussion, three research results are obtained as follows. First, reading skills understanding the text description of class VII students of SMP Negeri 9 Padang in good qualifications. This can be seen from the acquisition of a calculated average of 78,39. Second, the writing text description skills of class VII students of SMP Negeri 9 Padang are in good qualification. This can be seen from the acquisition of a calculated average of 82,20. Third, there is a significant correlation between reading skills in the description of text description and writing text description skills of class VII students of SMP Negeri 9 Padang in the n-1 freedom degree and 95% significant level. H0 is rejected and H1 is accepted because the test results prove that the tcount is greater than t table, namely (6,72> 1.68). Kata Kunci: Korelasi, Keterampilan Membaca Pemahaman, Keterampilan Menulis Teks Deskripsi
KRITIK SOSIAL DALAM NOVEL NAYLA KARYA DJENAR MAESA AYU
Authors: Sriwahyuni Indah , Asri Yasnur
Published: February 2021

ABSTRACTThe aim of the study was to reveal the social criticism depicted in Djenar's Novel Nayla's works. This research is a qualitative descriptive research that is research by solving a problem that exists in the object. This study used a Socioligi approach to literary sociology theory. The data source in this study was Nayla's novel by Djenar Maesa Ayu. The research data is in the form of words and display of narrator sentences and story figures and story actions. Data collection is done by reading, understanding and analyzing the novel. The data analysis is done by interpreting the data with the theory used in the research. The data validation technique in this study has discussions with lecturers to obtain correct and true information. The results of this study were the social criticism of poverty, social criticism of crime, social criticism of family disorganization, social homosexual criticism, and social and environmental unrest. The conclusion of the results and the discussion that, the research is more to the social problems found in the novel. Kata kunci: kritik sosial, novel Nayla, Djenar Maesa Ayu.
PENGARUH PENGGUNAAN TEKNIK THINK TALK WRITE (TTW) BERBANTUAN MEDIA GAMBAR BERSERI TERHADAP KETERAMPILAN MENULIS TEKS PROSEDUR SISWA KELAS VII SMP NEGERI 11 PADANG
Authors: Fitri Julia , Atmazaki Atmazaki
Published: February 2021

ABSTRACT  This purpose of this study is three. First, describing the procedure of writing text for students of class VII in Junior High School 11 Padang before using the Think Talk Write (TTW) technique by the media of serial images. Secondly, describing the procedure of writing text for students of class VII in Junior High School 11 Padang after using the TTW technique by the media of serial images. Third, analyzing the effect of the use of  TTW  techniqueby the media of serial images on the skills of writing procedure text for students of class VII in Junior High School 11 Padang. This type of research is quantitative research with one group pretest and posttest design experimental methods. There are three results of this study. First, the procedure of writing text in the seventh grade of Junior High School 11 Padang before using the TTW technique by the media of serial images is of good qualification (B) with an average value of 76,95 (under of minimal completeness criteria). Second, the procedure of writing text in the seventh grade of Junior High School 11 Padang after using the TTW technique by the media of serial images is of good qualification (B) with an average grade of 81,51 (above of minimal completeness criteria). Third, based on the t-test, H1 is accepted at the 95% confidence level and dk= (n1 as a numerator and n2 as denominator) because tcount>ttable (2,39>1,70).  Kata Kunci: Pengaruh, Teknik TTW, Media Gambar Berseri, Teks Prosedur
KORELASI KETERAMPILAN MEMBACA PEMAHAMAN DENGAN KETERAMPILAN MENULIS TEKS DESKRIPSI SISWA KELAS VII SMP PEMBANGUNAN LABORATORIUM UNP
Authors: Mulia Muhammad Jaka , Tamsin Andria Catri
Published: February 2021

ABSTRACT Research purposes. First, describe students' reading comprehension skills. Second, describe the skills of writing Description text. Third, describe the correlation between reading comprehension skills and text writing skills Description of Grade VII students of the UNP Laboratory Development Middle School. This type of quantitative research is a correlational method. The study design was correlational two variables. The research population of VII grade students of SMP UNP Laboratory Development registered in the academic year 2019/2020 total 142 students in five classes. The sample in the study was 37 people. Samples were taken by simple 25% random technique using proportional random sampling technique. The research instruments were performance tests, description writing text tests and objective reading comprehension skills tests. Conclusion. First, students' reading comprehension skills are in good qualifications (78.98). Second, the students' written text description skills are in good qualifications (83,12). Third, reading comprehension skills correlate with text writing skills Description of VII graders of SMP UNP Laboratory Development with degrees of freedom n-2 at 95% confidence level. T value is greater than t table that is 2.637> 1.68, thus H0 is rejected and H1 is accepted because the test results prove that t count is greater than t table. the conclusion "There is a correlation between reading comprehension skills and writing skills text. Description of Grade VII students of SMP UNP Laboratory Development" was accepted. This means that the better the students 'reading comprehension skills, the better the students' writing text description skills. Kata kunci: Keterampilan Membaca Pemahaman, Keterampilan Menulis, Teks Deskripsi, Korelasi
PENGARUH MODEL DISCOVERY LEARNING BERBANTUAN MEDIA GAMBAR BERSERI TERHADAP KETERAMPILAN MENULIS TEKS EKSPLANASI SISWA KELAS VIII SMP NEGERI 4 PADANG
Authors: Intan Nadya , R., Syahrul
Published: February 2021

ABSTRACT The purpose of the research are (1) to describe exsplanatory text writing skills of VIII grade students SMP Negeri 4 Padang before applying discovery learning model whitin serial piscture media, (2) to describe exsplanatory text writing skills of VIII grade students SMP Negeri 4 Padang after applying discovery learning model whitin serial piscture media, and (3) to analize effect of discovery learning model whitin serial piscture media to exsplanatory text writing skills of VIII grade students SMP Negeri 4 Padang. Based on the data analize the application of discovery learning model whitin serial piscture media affects the exsplanatory text writing skills of  VIII grade students SMP Negeri 4 Padang. Kata kunci: pengaruh, discovery learning¸ media gambar berseri, menulis teks eksplanasi
KOMPARASI KETERAMPILAN MENULIS TEKS LAPORAN HASIL OBSERVASI DENGAN KETERAMPILAN MENULIS TEKS CERITA FANTASI SISWA KELAS VII SMP NEGERI 22 PADANG
Authors: Hasibuan Rosita , Hafrison Mhd.
Published: February 2021

ABSTRACTThe purpose of this research was to describe things as follow. First, it describes the writing skills of the report text of observations of grade VII junior high school 22 Padang. Secondly, it describes the writing skills of fantasy text for VII grade students of junior high school 22 Padang. Third, analyze the comparasion between the writing skills of the observation report text and the fantasy story writing skills of the seventh grade student. This type of research is quantitative research with descriptive analysis. Based on the result of the study, the following three things were concluded. First, the writing skills of the report text of observations of grade VII students of junior high school are in good qualifications (82,82). Secondly, the skills to write fantasy text for seventh grade student of junior high school 22 Padang are in good qualifications (80,66). Third, there is a significant difference between the writing skills of observations report text and the fantasy story writing skills of grade VII students of junior high school 22 Padang, so it can be concluded that H0 is rejected and H1 is accepted because the test results prove that the count is greater then the table 11,25>1,68. Kata Kunci: Komparasi, Menulis Teks LHO,Menulis Teks Cerita Fantasi
IMPLEMENTASI PENDIDIKAN KARAKTER DALAM PEMBELAJARAN MENULIS TEKS PUISI RAKYAT DI SMP NEGERI 8 PADANG
Authors: Fahmesvi Bunga , Atmazaki Atmazaki
Published: February 2021

ABSTRACT This study aims to illustrate the following. First, describing the implementation of character education in write text of folk poetry in SMP Negeri 8 Padang including planning, implementing, and evaluating learning. Secondly, it describes the supporting and inhibiting factors of Indonesian language learning in SMP Negeri 8 Padang, which have character education. This research method is a combination of current triangulation design. The research sample was taken 25% with a proportional random sampling technique of 32 respondents. There are five results of this study. First, a learning plan consisting of a syllabus and a lesson plan (RPP) focuses on three character values, namely religious, creative, and collaboration. Second, the implementation of learning is supported by the results of interviews and the level of achievement of respondents preliminary activities (80.31%), core activities (77.43%), and closing activities (78.04%). Third, the assessment of learning shows an overall achievement level of 78.28% with a good category. Fourth, school programs, teachers, and facilities and infrastructure are supporting factors for learning Indonesian with character. Fifth, the lack of facilities and environmental influences is a barrier to the realization of character education in learning. Kata Kunci: Implementasi Pendidikan Karakter dan Pembelajaran Menulis Teks Puisi Rakyat
Strategi Kesantunan Bertutur Mahasiswa Kepada Dosen Melalui Komunikasi WhatsApp
Authors: Husna Liza Lailatul , Arief Ermawati
Published: February 2021

ABSTRACT This article reveals the  politeness strategy for students speaking to lecturers through WhatsApp communication. There are the four purposes of this research. First, describe the student’s speaking strategy to lecturers via WhatsApp communication. Second, describe the principle of politeness to lecturers through WhatsApp. Third, describe the scale of student language politeness. Fourth, describe the politeness of student language to lecturers. The design of this study is qualitative with descriptive method. This research was conducted at the Indonesian Language Education Study Program, Padang State university. The data was collected from two semesters, namely the odd semester of July―Desember 2019 and the even semester of Januari―June 2020. Basedon the results of the study, it can be concluded that the most widely used strategy is the strategy of speaking using negative politeness and student speech can be said to be polite. Kata kunci: Strategi, Kesantunan Bertutur, Mahasiswa kepada Dosen, Komunikasi WhatsApp.
Maya Angelou’s Battle with Alienation in I know Why the Caged Bird Sings
Authors: Zaini Qudsia , Hasan Khan Mohsin
Published: February 2021

The themes of the existential crisis have been central in taking up their work in different domains of human experience and exhibit the force of departure from the so-called standardized norms and values of a society. These themes have been taken up by many authors of African American origin. This paper attempts to represent and explain the theme of alienation through an in-depth analysis of Angelou’s I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings. The crisis of identity, gender, consciousness, and everything seemingly comes to question in the powerful narratives of these kinds of writings. One such African American author is Maya Angelou. She is one of those who take these themes with great force and tries to free herself from the shackles of the so-called canonized versions of human values and seeks to explore a world in which she recreates an establishment of her new perspectives and freedom of humanity. The paper concludes by showing the struggles for recognition and self-awareness and developing onto a stronger woman pushed by her feeling of alienation.
Evolution of Creation from Mythology to Reality: A Multidisciplinary Study into the Roots of Shelley’s Frankenstein and Ahmed Sa’adawi’s Frankenstein in Baghdad
Authors: Aziz Mahmood Karzan
Published: February 2021

Shelley’s Frankenstein has been considered a literary masterpiece since its publication. Saadawi’s Frankenstein in Baghdad is similarly a work of great significance that won the International Prize for Arabic Fiction in 2014. Since its release, the name ‘Frankenstein’ attached to Baghdad, as a novel title in the mid of the American occupation of Iraq (2005) and its connection to a universal Frankenstein, has been inspiring to the Iraqis and world fiction lovers. What remains essential about this fascination among the readers is in the questions of how and what is the connection between both works. Therefore, this paper attempts to discover the roots of the concept of creation behind Shelley’s Frankenstein in 1818 and Ahmed Saadawi’s Frankenstein in Baghdad in 2013 from mythology, theology, science, and political reality of Iraq. Besides, the linear evolution in the concept of creation throughout the mentioned areas will be displayed to unfold the origins that lie behind these colossal novels. Understanding that lineage development in the concept and the disputes around it is of great significance to the reader which can empower them to contextualize the novels since apprehending new context is a vital factor for appropriation and intertexuality. As long as there are creators and creatures as the two sides of the same process of creation, therefore, the mentioned concepts will always be discussed throughout this work; including the punishment that both protagonists suffer from as one common consequence.
The Use and Abuse of Machine Translation in Vocabulary Acquisition among L2 Arabic-Speaking Learners
Authors: Ismail Omar Lamis
Published: February 2021

Using Machine Translation (MT) for vocabulary acquisition is an inevitable phenomenon among Arabic-speaking L2 learners. But has MT fully succeeded in replacing traditional dictionaries and providing an ideal tool for vocabulary acquisition among L2 learners? This study aimed to research the value and implications of using machine translation in vocabulary acquisition. The study is significant as it investigates a neglected area in teaching a second language focusing on the role of MT in vocabulary acquisition. The empirical study adopted a combined quantitative and qualitative methodology that tested students’ skills in answering vocabulary questions in context by using online translators. Forty-seven participants took part in the assessment voluntarily, and they were all fourth-year students about to graduate from an Omani private university. The findings confirmed the results of earlier research about the challenges ESL learners face in vocabulary acquisition, including difficulties in processing sequential lexical patterns and using vocabulary communicatively. The results further revealed that online translators do not provide an optimal solution to overcome obstacles in using vocabulary unless accompanied by higher metacognitive skills such as critical thinking and using words in context. The study concluded with some implications and recommendations for further relevant research.
Translation of Idioms: How They are Reflected in Movie Subtitling
Authors: Shanti Manipuspika Yana , Reska Julia Winzami Damai
Published: February 2021

Idiomatic expressions are expressions with a figurative meaning different from their literal meaning, and therefore, they cannot be understood literally. This study aims to scrutinize some aspects of the translation of idiomatic expressions in a mystery movie entitled ‘Murder on the Orient Express’. Seventy-seven idiomatic expressions were found in the movie. The idioms can be categorized as follows: keywords with idiomatic uses (16) idioms with nouns and adjectives (2), idiomatic pairs (1), idioms with prepositions (7), phrasal verbs idioms (26), verbal idioms (5), idioms from special subjects (1), idioms with key words from special categories (16), and idioms with comparison (3). Phrasal verbs idiom was the most frequently occurred because idioms are mostly organized by verb comprising the combination of verb and preposition or verb and adverb. Further, the rendering of the idioms from English as the Source Language (SL) into Indonesian as the Target Language (TL) employed some strategies; translation by paraphrase was the highly frequent translation strategy. The strategy of using an idiom of similar meaning but dissimilar form was also located in the high-frequency position of the continuum. Furthermore, using an idiom of similar form and meaning and translation by omission were the translation strategies of low frequency. Translation by paraphrase was frequently used because the translator wanted to convey the meaning as clearly as possible while also considering the cultural difference between SL and TL. To sum up, the idiomatic expression dominantly used in the movie was phrasal verbs (34%), while the strategy that was mostly applied in translating them was translation by paraphrase (56%).
A Descriptive Study to Assess the Nutritional Status of School Going Children in A Selected School of Delhi
Authors:   Associate Professor, Rufaida College of Nursing, Jamia Hamdard, Delhi, India, Rani Seema
Published: February 2021

Introduction: Among the leading health problems in India is malnutrition. Malnutrition results in weak immune system and growth and cognitive delay. A descriptive study was conducted to assess the nutritional status of school going children in the age group of 6 -13 years in a selected school of Delhi. Methodology: A total of 211 children were selected through purposive sampling technique. Structured questionnaire and a record sheet were used to collect the data. Height, weight and Blood Pressure of children were measured by using inch-tape, weighing scale, sphygmomanometer respectively. Descriptive and inferential statistics were employed to interpret the data. Result: Out of 211 school going children, 144 (66.2%) were in the age group 6 to 9 years and 67 (31.8%) were in the 10-13 years age group. In the age group of 6 to 9 years, 140 were underweight and 1 was overweight and rest 3 had normal weight as per Basal Metabolic Index. In 10 to 13 years age group, 60 were underweight and 7 had normal weight. As per Waterlows’s classification, all 211 children had normal weight for age. As per Gomez classification of children, in 6 -9 years age group, 52 and in 10-13 years age group 20 had normal nutritional status respectively whereas rest of the children fell in degree I and II malnutrition. Conclusion: Children and their parents need to be made aware about healthy nutritional practices.
Is Foot Type an Indicator of Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury in Football Players?
Authors:   Associate Professor, Dept. of Rehabilitation Sciences, SNSAH, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India, Zutshi K
Published: February 2021

Background: Prevention of sports injuries requires a comprehensive analysis of intrinsic and extrinsic factors of injuries in athletes. Pre-participation, evaluation, biomechanical assessment and new technology are helpful in providing useful information about the cause and mechanism of sports injury and strategies for injury prevention. However, there have been only few previous investigations which can conclusively correlate certain foot types with specific knee injury. Objective: To determine any relationship between foot type and ACL injury. Method: A case-control study design was adopted for this clinical study to investigate foot- type as a risk factor for ACL injury. 35 professional football players with a surgical history of ACL reconstruction and 35 professional football players without any history of ACL injury participated in our study. Foot types were determined by measuring their medial longitudinal arch angle and rearfoot-leg eversion angle. Questionnaire which included other variables of ACL injury were filled and analysed to eliminate their interference in this study. Odds ratio was used as reliable statistical tool to estimate the relative risk. Result: There was a significant relationship between pronated foot type as a risk factor for ACL injury. Conclusion: This suggests that pronated foot is a risk factor for ACL injury in football players.
Cardiovascular Manifestations of SARS CoV-2: A Review
Authors:   Professor of Medicine and Head, Pulmonary Medicine, Maulana Azad Medical College, New Delhi, India, Kumar Naresh
Published: February 2021

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic is a public health emergency of global concern. Besides the profound severe pulmonary damage, SARS-CoV-2 infection also causes a series of cardiovascular abnormalities, including myocardial injury, myocarditis and pericarditis, arrhythmia and cardiac arrest, cardiomyopathy, heart failure, cardiogenic shock, and coagulation abnormalities. COVID-19 patients with preexisting cardiovascular diseases are often at a much higher risk of increased morbidity and mortality. Number of mechanisms have been postulated for SARS CoV-2-associated cardiovascular damage including direct myocardial injury, systemic inflammation, hypoxemia, coronary thrombosis and drug-induced cardiac damage. Special attention should be given towards patients of SARS CoV-2 with concurrent cardiovascular diseases. Knowledge of the injury caused by SARS CoV-2 to the cardiovascular system and the mechanisms behind it is of the utmost importance to reduce the morbidity and mortality of these patients by treating them in time.
The Relationship between Dietary Patterns and Nutritional Knowledge with the Nutritional Status of Bajo Tribe Pregnant Women in Duruka District, Muna Regency
Authors:   Department of Nutrition, Polytechnic of Health Kendari, Ministry of Health Republic of Indonesia, . Trees
Published: February 2021

Nutritional status of pregnant women is strongly influenced by food intake and the presence of an infectious disease. Another factor that also affects the nutritional status of pregnant women is the diet and nutritional knowledge of pregnant women. This study aims to determine the relationship of diet and nutrition knowledge with nutritional status of bajo tribe pregnant women in Muna Regency, Southeast Sulawesi Province. This study is an analytical study with approach cros sectional study. The number of samples selected is 35 people. Sampling by total sampling method. The data collection was done by interview using questionnaire tools. The results of the study showed that the diet of pregnant women was mostly 60% classified as poor, and the knowledge of pregnant women was mostly 54.3% classified as lacking. The results of statistical analysis using the test chi-square showed that between diet and nutritional status of pregnant women (p=0.023), between the level of knowledge with the nutritional status of pregnant women (p=0.730). There is a significant relationship between dietary pattern and nutritional status of pregnant women, and there is no significant relationship between the level of knowledge with the nutritional status of pregnant women.
A Study to Assess the Level of Expressed Satisfaction Related to Abortion Associated Services among Women Who have Undergone Abortion
Authors:   M.Sc.Nursing (Obstetrical and Gynecological Nursing) 2nd Year, Rufaida College of Nursing, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, Moirangthem Alice
Published: February 2021

Introduction: In India, abortion is permissible under the MTP Act, and is legalized in both the public and private sectors. Objective: The study aimed to assess the level of expressed satisfaction related to abortion associated services among women who have undergone abortion in selected hospitals of Manipur. Materials and Methods: Quantitative (non-experimental) approach with descriptive research design was used. 50 women of reproductive age group, attending the hospitals to undergo abortion in selected hospitals of Manipur during the study period were included using purposive sampling technique. Structured interview schedule with 5 point Likert Scale was used to assess the level of expressed satisfaction related to abortion associated services. Data was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Result: Out of 50 women interviewed, almost half of the subjects (46%) were in the age group of 25-30 years, more than half of the subjects (62%) had primary educational level, more than half of the subjects (68%) were housewife and maximum number of the subjects (76%) was from rural community. The study results depicted that majority of the women (48%) were satisfied with abortion associated services, 42% were within the neutral range and 10% of the subjects expressed the satisfaction level as dissatisfied. The results also concluded that, women were most satisfied during clinical assessment and least satisfied during post-abortion care. And there is no association between the level of expressed satisfaction related to abortion associated services and selected demographic variables of the woman.Conclusion: Counseling and supporting the woman who have undergone abortion could have great impact on the improvement of post-abortion care.
Care of Mother and Neonate during COVID-19 Pandemic for a Healthy Future
Authors:   Associate Professor, College of Nursing, AIIMS, New Delhi, India, Joshi Poonam
Published: February 2021

COVID-19 caused by coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) was first time reported in December 2019. The disease has been showing rapid progression to a global pandemic causing profound adverse impact on medical, social, and economic status of the world. Pregnant women and new-borns belong to vulnerable population, who need to be protected. However, currently the impact of this novel virus on the foetus and neonate remains unknown. This article outlines the precautions and steps to be taken by nurses, an important member of the Health Care Team (HCT) before, and during delivery, during and after resuscitation of a neonate born to a COVID-19 mother. More evidence and research work are needed to know the risk of vertical and horizontal transmission of SARS-CoV-2 and its impact on maternal, fetal and neonatal outcomes.
Multicenter evaluation of decompressive cystocentesis in the treatment of cats with urethral obstruction
Authors: Reineke Erica L. , Cooper Edward S. , Takacs Joel D. , Suran Jantra N. , Drobatz Kenneth J.
Published: February 2021

OBJECTIVE

To investigate whether decompressive cystocentesis (DC) safely facilitates urethral catheterization (UC) in cats with urethral obstruction (UO).

ANIMALS

88 male cats with UO.

PROCEDURES

Cats were randomly assigned to receive DC prior to UC (ie, DC group cats; n = 44) or UC only (ie, UC group cats; 44). Abdominal effusion was monitored by serial ultrasonographic examination of the urinary bladder before DC and UC or before UC (DC and UC group cats, respectively), immediately after UC, and 4 hours after UC. Total abdominal effusion score at each time point ranged from 0 (no effusion) to 16 (extensive effusion). Ease of UC (score, 0 [easy passage] to 4 [unable to pass]), time to place urinary catheter, and adverse events were recorded.

RESULTS

No significant difference was found in median time to place the urinary catheter in UC group cats (132 seconds), compared with DC group cats (120 seconds). Median score for ease of UC was not significantly different between UC group cats (score, 1; range, 0 to 3) and DC group cats (score, 1; range, 0 to 4). Median change in total abdominal effusion score from before UC and DC to immediately after UC was 0 and nonsignificant in UC group cats (range, −5 to 12) and DC group cats (range, −4 to 8). Median change in effusion score from immediately after UC to 4 hours after UC was not significantly different between UC group cats (score, −1; range, −9 to 5) and DC group cats (score, −1; range, −7 to 5).

CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE

DC did not improve time to place the urinary catheter or ease of UC in cats with UO.
Use of injectable lipid emulsion and sodium bicarbonate to treat severe cardiovascular collapse secondary to lamotrigine toxicosis in a dog
Authors: Mastrocco Alicia , Blutinger Alex L. , Baine Samantha A. , Prittie Jennifer E.
Published: February 2021

CASE DESCRIPTION

A 2-year-old 5.1-kg (11.2-lb) sexually intact male Maltese was admitted because of vomiting and seizures after a known ingestion of up to 206 mg/kg (93.6 mg/lb) of lamotrigine (a commonly prescribed human antiepileptic medication) approximately 3 hours earlier.

CLINICAL FINDINGS

On presentation, the dog was having a seizure; however, the seizure stopped before interventional treatment, and the dog was obtunded, tachycardic, and hypertensive. Fluid therapy was initiated, and a bolus of injectable lipid emulsion (ILE) was administered. The dog's cardiovascular and mentation signs improved, and the dog was hospitalized for supportive care and monitoring. Hours later, the dog developed ventricular tachycardia that progressed to ventricular fibrillation, then cardiac arrest.

TREATMENT AND OUTCOME

Cardiopulmonary resuscitation, including defibrillation, was initiated. With no response after several minutes of resuscitation efforts, another bolus of ILE was administered, and the dog's heartbeat returned shortly thereafter, albeit with severe ventricular arrhythmias that were treated medically, including with sodium bicarbonate. The dog was discharged 48 hours later with no neurologic or cardiovascular abnormalities. Six months later, the owner reported that the dog was doing well and had no abnormalities.

CLINICAL RELEVANCE

To our knowledge, there are no previous case reports in veterinary medicine regarding the successful use of ILE to treat cardiac arrest secondary to lipophilic drug toxicoses nor the use of and physiologic response to sodium bicarbonate during treatment of lamotrigine toxicoses in dogs; therefore, findings in the dog of the present report may help other veterinarians treating similarly affected dogs in the future.
Multiple Sclerosis and the Comparative Value Disease Modifying Therapy Report of the Institute for Clinical and Economic Review (ICER)
Authors: Langley Paul C
Published: February 2021

On January 26, 2017, the Institute for Clinical and Economic Review (ICER) posted its final report on treatments for multiple sclerosis (MS) with disease modifying therapies (DMTs). The objective was to provide a modeled assessment of the effectiveness and value of the various DMTs against each other and supportive care. The model considered both relapsing-remitting and primary-progressive MS with hypothetical patient cohorts tracked from therapy initiation to death in a lifetime cost-utility framework. Recommendations were made for possible DMT package price discounts given benchmark willingness-to-pay cost per QALY thresholds. The purpose of this commentary is to assess this modeled analysis from the criteria of normal science: are the claims presented for the competing DMTs credible, evaluable and replicable? The review concludes that the ICER model does not meet required standards. The claims made for comparative effectiveness and value are non-evaluable. They are immune to failure. The review concludes that if models are to contribute to improving our understanding of the effectiveness and costs of DMTs then they should be evaluable in the short-term to allow feedback to formulary committees in a meaningful timeframe.

 

Type: Commentary
Geographic Distribution of Antipsychotic Use in Medicare Part D Patients
Authors: Anthony Angela , Degreef Raymond , Freeman Maisha Kelly
Published: February 2021

Purpose: To determine if there is a geographic variation in antipsychotic prescribing in Medicare recipients in 10 US divisions.

Methods: Data was collected in the Microsoft Excel format from the Medicare Provider Utilization and Payment Data: Part D Prescriber Public Use File for 2013 CMS data. Antipsychotics were sorted and downloaded into separate excel formats. The states were separated into the 10 geographic according to the US Census Bureau to identify prescribing trends. The primary endpoint was to determine the difference in the rates of CMS Medicare Part D utilizers who had antipsychotic prescriptions in each of the 10 geographic divisions.  The rate of antipsychotic prescribing was calculated by determining the number of prescription claims for each antipsychotic for the division and dividing by the number of people utilizing Medicare Part D in each division. Data was converted to SPSS (version19, Armonk, NY) for further analysis. ANOVA was used to compare the differences.

Results: Approximately 35 million claims were included in the data set. Antipsychotics comprised 4.75% of the total spending on medications for Medicare Part D. New England was found to have the highest rate of claims at 0.83. No statistically significant differences in the rate of antipsychotic prescribing across geographic regions was observed; however, a statistically significant difference was observed for total claims (P<0.001) and total antipsychotic costs (P<0.017) across regions.

Conclusion: Additional studies need to be conducted to determine if there is a difference in antipsychotic prescribing in the United States.

Conflict of Interest

We declare no conflicts of interest or financial interests that the authors or members of their immediate families have in any product or service discussed in the manuscript, including grants (pending or received), employment, gifts, stock holdings or options, honoraria, consultancies, expert testimony, patents and royalties.

 

Type: Student Project
The Effect Of Aromatherapy Massage on Anxiety Levels in Postpartum Women
Authors: Pratiwi Erinda Nur , Nurjanah Siti , Pratiwi Ajeng Maharani , Prastyoningsih Aris , Murharyati Atiek , Saraswati Hanugrah Ardya Crisdian
Published: February 2021

Anxiety is an affective disorder characterized by deep and ongoing feelings of fear or worry. Research in Germany found 16.2% of 6-week postpartum mothers with pure anxiety disorder control (phobias, panic, acute adjustment disorder with anxiety). On the first day of the postpartum period, 82% were diagnosed with phobias. Miller et al showed that 10% of women experienced symptoms of anxiety and controls from 6 weeks to 6 months after delivery. Aromatherapy is a non-pharmacological strategy for anxiety management developed to reduce anxiety in patients. Aromatherapy can be used as an emotional therapy, thereby enhancing relaxation. Besides aromatherapy, aromatherapy massage can be used for stress management for individual health, and has often been used as a therapy to control pain and reduce psychological stress, such as anxiety. The results of a study conducted by Winai in 2003 explained that jasmine oil has a stimulating effect on nervous system function, by inhaling jasmine oil it can affect brain wave activity, increase positive emotions including feelings of happiness, prosperity, activity, freshness and romance and improve mood. The mood or mood that is often erratic in postpartum mothers can get better by inhaling jasmine oil. One of the types of complementary therapy according to Permenkes Number 15 of 2018 is aromatherapy, which is a popular therapy for mothers and midwives. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of aromatherapy massage on anxiety levels in postpartum mothers. The benefit of this research is that it can be a complementary therapy, especially for postpartum mothers who experience anxiety so that they are comfortable living as a new mother in their life. The research design used a Quasi Experimental design, which is a study that does not have strict restrictions on randomization with the Non-Randomized Control Group Pretest and Posttest Design, the grouping of samples in the treatment group and the control group is not done randomly.
The Effect Of Fe Tablet And Date Palm On Improving Hemoglobin Level Among Pregnant Women In The Third Semester
Authors: Dahlan Febry Mutiariami , Ardhi Qomariah
Published: February 2021

Anemia is a nutritional problem with a high prevalence in the world. Basic Health Reseacrch in 2018, around 48,9% of pregnant women in Indonesia experience anemia. This shows that anemia in pregnant women  is still a public health problem because the proportion  is quite high compared to the results of the 2013 Basic Health Research, which amounted to 37,1%. This research aims to identify the effect of Fe tablet and date palm on improving hemoglobin level among pregnant women in the third semester  at the Rita Marningsih Clinic 2020. This study was quasy-experiment by using two group pre-test and post-test and used dependent t test with control group. There were 30 respondents and purposive sampling was conducted, and an independent t-test was used to data analyzed.The Result  revealed that the experimental group the number of pregnant women whose Hb levels increased by 14 people (93,33%) and which decreased by 1 respondent (6,67%) and in the control group 13 respondents experienced an increase (86,67%) and 2 respondents (13,33%) decreased Hb levels. The bivariate result showed that the p value was 0,044<0,05, which means that there was an effect of giving Fe tablets and dates to the hemoglobin levels of pregnant women. Conclusion and recommendation : Fe tablets and dates affect the increase in hemoglobin levels. For pregnant women it is recommended to consume Fe tablets regularly and maintain the nutrition of their food, one of which adds dates to food consumed.
The Relationship of Exclusive Breastfeeding History to Morbidity In Infants Aged 1-14 Months
Authors: Gumilang Lani , Martini Neneng , Nirmala Sefita Aryuti , Dhamayanti Meita
Published: February 2021

Objectives: This study aims at determining the relationship between the history of exclusive breastfeeding and morbidity in babies aged 1-14 months in the city of Sukabumi.Materials and Methods: This study uses a cross-sectional method with a sample of 71 babies aged 1-14 months in the city of Sukabumi. Data sources used are primary and secondary data, and the Spearman test is used for dataanalysis.Results: The results showed that there was no relationship between the history of exclusive breastfeeding and ISPA (p=1,000), there was no relationship between the history of exclusive breastfeeding and diarrhea (p=1,000), there was no relationship between the history of exclusive breastfeeding and fever (p=0,477), there is no relationship between the history of exclusive breastfeeding and seizures (p=1,000), there is no relationship between the history of exclusive breastfeeding and pneumonia (p=1,000).Conclusion: The study concludes that there is no relationship between the history of exclusive breastfeeding and morbidities namely ISPA, diarrhea, fever, seizures and pneumonia in babies aged 1-14 months in the city of Sukabumi.Keywords: Exclusive breastfeeding, morbidity
The international legal status of Western Sahara
Authors: Kalicka-Mikołajczyk Adrianna
Published: February 2021

Western Sahara is a territory lying in North-Western Africa. It borders Morocco in the north, Algeria in the north-east, Mauritania in the east and in the south, and its north-western coast borders the Atlantic Ocean. The country was colonized by the Kingdom of Spain following the decisions of the Berlin conference held in 1884. After World War 2, it was a Spanish province. When it won the independence in 1956, Morocco demanded that Western Sahara should be “liberated”, claiming that the territory belonged to it. In 1963,following the passing of the information by Spain, on the basis of Article 73 letter e) of the Charter of the United Nations, the UN entered Western Sahara in the list of areas which were not governed independently. On 14 April 1976, Morocco and Mauritania signed a convention on establishing their frontier line, on the power of which they executed a division of the territory of Western Sahara. Nowadays the western – the larger – part of Western Sahara’s territory is controlled by Morocco. The main aim of this article is to provide an answer to the question of the present condition of the international legal status of Western Sahara.
Evolution of the Customary International law on the Cultural Property Plundered in War
Authors: Yadong Zhang
Published: February 2021

This article presents an unambiguous evolutionary sequence of historical events leading to the development of customary international law, seen with reference to the mutual influence and transformation of legal philosophy, practice and codification on plundering cultural property during wars. The contemporary legal rules and customs working against taking cultural property as spoils of war are rooted in the eighteenth century, and were consistently developed in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. Restitution appears the best remedy for the country of origin, especially in the condition where the plundered cultural property is existent and identifiable. Achieving this goal depends on the cooperation and coordination throughout the world, based on a wider customary international law space.