bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Aux origines de l’exploitation pharaonique des carrières d’Assouan? Retour sur la lecture de l’inscription du bas-relief de Nag el-Hamdulab (NH 7, tableau 7a)
Authors: Begon Matthieu
Published: April 2022

Cet article revient sur la lecture de la courte inscription hiéroglyphique révélée suite à la redécouverte récente d’un bas-relief prédynastique à Nag el-Hamdulab qui avait été aperçu et photographié une première fois il y a près d’un demi-siècle. L’ exécution rudimentaire de la gravure rend malheureusement l’identification des signes qui la composent extrêmement compliquée. Alors que dans le dernier numéro de la revue J. C. Darnell y a reconnu une référence à la cérémonie royale

^ ms-@ r «La suite d’Horus » – ce que le contexte de la scène dominée par plusieurs navires pourrait justifier –, nous proposons en réétudiant chacun des signes d’y voir une légende beaucoup plus anecdotique faisant simplement référence à la confection de vases en pierre. Les affleurements rocheux rencontrés au niveau de la première cataracte ont offert à cette industrie, extraordinairement prospère au tout début de l’histoire égyptienne, des pierres dures particulièrement appréciées donnant à cette nouvelle lecture un sens particulier puisqu’elle place l’inscription en relation avec les carrières d’Assouan qui seront exploitées de façon quasiment continue durant les trois millénaires suivants par le pouvoir pharaonique.
Enlightening the Enduring Engravings: The Expeditions of Raneb
Authors: Hamilton Caleb
Published: April 2022

Raneb, the second king of the 2nd Dynasty, has one of the more obscure reigns from the Early Dynastic Period. His reign has been securely dated to the beginning of this dynasty, preceded by Hetepsekhemwy and followed by Ninetjer. Many details of this dynasty remain unclear ; however, it may be possible to reconstruct aspects of interactions beyond the Nile Valley during this period. Raneb’s reign is the only of this dynasty to provide concrete evidence of such interactions, and this forms the subject of the discussion here. This evidence comes in the form of rock-cut serekhs. The first of these was discovered by Winkler during his 1936-37 season, and the second was found by the IFAO in 2012. By re-analysing Raneb’s serekh found at Armant, and adding new information from Wadi ‘ Ameyra through the efforts of the IFAO survey in the Sinai, it is possible to reconstruct the interests of this 2nd Dynasty monarch through expeditions carried out during his reign. This article helps to illuminate Raneb in the historical record by setting out these rock-cut inscriptions within a wider discussion of expeditions during the Early Dynastic Period, gauging their authenticity and relevance with other information from the 2nd Dynasty. By focusing on these records it will be shown that expeditions were still maintained during the 2nd Dynasty, which fits with the well-known evidence from the preceding 1st and subsequent 3rd Dynasties. It may also be possible to suggest that such expeditions were part of an on-going tradition of resource procurement during the Early Dynastic Period.
Intercambio de conocimientos en el sector público y la transformación digital del Estado
Authors: González Ríos Isidora Beatriz
Published: April 2022

Este artículo presenta los resultados de una revisión sistematizada de la literatura en el tema del intercambio de conocimientos en el sector público. Un total de  veintisiete artículos y ponencias científicas fue analizado mediante un software de referencias y categorías temáticas. El objetivo consiste en resumir las principales problemáticas que marcan esta línea de investigación, con el fin de identificar cómo la transformación digital del Estado e ideas asociadas al concepto de gobierno digital se han ido incluyendo en esta literatura. Finalmente, este artículo brinda orientación y propuestas para futuros proyectos de investigación.
Effective Factors on Women’s Social Exclusion After Divorce From the Viewpoint of Tehran Residents
Authors: Karami Juyani Afsaneh , Zarei Fatemeh , Niknami Shamsodin , Haydarnia Alireza , Maasoumi Raziyeh
Published: April 2022

Background: Divorce is the most important factor in family disintegration. This study aimed to assess the perspectives of Tehran residents aged over 20 years on women’s social exclusion after divorce and its related factors. Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out on the population over 20 years old in Tehran in September 2019. Due to the coronavirus disease 2019 epidemic conditions, the Social Exclusion Questionnaire for Iranian Divorced Women was provided to the subjects online. Convenience sampling was applied until 400 questionnaires were completely received. Independent t test, one-way analysis of variance, multiple linear regressions, and Pearson correlation coefficient were used to investigate the relationship between social exclusion and demographic variables via SPSS (version 16) at the significance level of 0.05. Results: The mean±standard deviation of the age of participants was 37.82±9.1 years. There was a significant relationship between social exclusion and employment status (P<0.001), education level (P<0.001), economic status (P<0.001), and marital status (P<0.001). Further, there was a significant correlation between social exclusion and age (P<0.001). The total average of economic dependence and discrimination based on marital status, terrifying, depriving, and damaging marital status were 4.19±0.70, 4.0±02.75, 3.80±1.06, 3.75±0.85, and 3.67±0.94, respectively. Conclusion: The economic dependence based on marital status had the highest impact on the social exclusion of divorced women based on the opinion of Tehran residents aged over 20.
Neuroprotective activities of acai berries (Euterpe sp.): A review
Authors: ALNasser Maryam N. , Mellor Ian R.
Published: April 2022

Dietary interventions rich in fruits and vegetables in aging people can reverse or mitigate age-related cognitive declines, delay the onset of neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs), and provide long-term health dividends. The novel food, popularly known as "Acai", is a berry belonging to the Euterpe genus of tropical palms trees and natively found in South America. Euterpe oleracea has been given much attention among scientists due to its high antioxidant capacity compared to other fruits and berries. Additionally, acai pulp composition analysis found that it contains various biologically active phytochemicals. In this review, we focused on current evidence relating to acai berry neuroprotection mechanisms and its efficacy in preventing or reversing neurodegeneration and age-related cognitive decline. A number of studies have illustrated the potential neuroprotective properties of acai berries. They have shown that their chemical extracts have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties and maintain proteins, calcium homeostasis, and mitochondrial function. Moreover, acai berry extract offers other neuromodulatory mechanisms, including anticonvulsant, antidepressant, and anti-aging properties. This neuromodulation gives valuable insights into the acai pulp and its considerable pharmacological potential on critical brain areas involved in memory and cognition. The isolated chemical matrix of acai berries could be a new substitute in research for NDD medicine development. However, due to the limited number of investigations, there is a need for further efforts to establish studies that enable progressing to clinical trials to consequently prove and ratify the therapeutic potential of this berry for several incurable NDDs.
Extraction of curcumin from turmeric by ultrasonic-assisted extraction, identification, and evaluation of the biological activity
Authors: Insuan Wimonrut , Hansupalak Nanthiya , Chahomchuen Thippayarat
Published: April 2022

Introduction: Dried rhizomes of turmeric have been traditionally used as a medicinal herb, dietary spice, food source, food preservative, and natural coloring agent in many Asian countries. This study aimed to develop the ultrasonic-assisted extraction (UAE) method for the extraction of curcumin from turmeric powder, evaluate the extraction efficiency, curcumin concentration, and biological activities.Methods: The UAE effects were examined based on several parameters of extraction efficiencies. The curcumin content was also determined using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and the total phenolic content (TPC) was estimated by Folin-Ciocalteu colorimetric method. The antibacterial activity of the extracted was evaluated against the test pathogenic bacteria by the disc diffusion method. The correlation between extraction yield and curcumin content was performed by principal components analysis (PCA).Results: The optimal UAE conditions were: ethanol, a solid-liquid ratio of 1:10 (w/v), an extraction time of 40 min, and only one extraction step. Under the optimal conditions, the yield of curcumin was 160.3 ± 1.17 (mg/g extract) and the TPC was 185.5 ± 3.07 (mg gallic acid equivalent /g extract). PCA presented the positive correlation between curcumin and the TPC of the studied extracts. Comparison of antibacterial activity between UAE and maceration method against the tested bacteria showed no significant difference at P > 0.05.Conclusion: UAE was a viable alternative as a rapid, efficient, and simple means of extraction of curcumin from turmeric. The extracts had great potential as a source of antioxidant agents with high amounts of curcuminoids, phenolic compounds and exhibited activity against pathogenic bacteria.
Evaluation of antidiabetic, antioxidant and antilipidemic potential of natural dietary product prepared from Cyphostemma digitatum in rats’ model of diabetes
Authors: Alkhateeb Hakam Hasan , al-duais Mohammed
Published: April 2022

Introduction: Cyphostemma digitatum has a high content of antioxidant constituents and has been employed by the traditional healers and local people of Yemen for diabetes treatment. However, scientific evidence regarding its antidiabetic efficacy is largely unknown. Accordingly, the present study aimed to confirm the treatment effects of a dietary natural product prepared from Cyphostemma digitatum (PCD) in diabetic rats.Methods: Diabetes was induced by a high-fat diet and streptozotocin (HF-STZ). PCD (1 g/kg) was given by gavage administration once a day continuously for 30 days. At the end of treatment, blood and skeletal muscle samples were collected for further analysis.Results: The antidiabetic effects of PCD were demonstrated by significant reduction (P ≤ 0.05) in the levels of serum glucose (40%), triglyceride (32%), cholesterol (53%), low-density lipoprotein (LDL) (44%), malondialdehyde (MDA) (61%) in PCD treated groups compared to the diabetic control group. Additionally, PCD treatment significantly (P ≤ 0.05) restored the decreased levels of insulin (70%) and the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) (57%) and reduced glutathione (GSH) (544%) when compared to that of diabetic control rats. We found that treatment with PCD for 30 days fully restored the plasmalemmal glucose transporter type 4 (GLUT4) contents, as well as the phosphorylation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) (P ≤ 0.05).Conclusion: Thus, PCD treatment can be considered a potential drug candidate for diabetes.
Antidiarrheal, antimicrobial, and toxic effects of the aqueous and methanolic leaf and fruit extracts of Cucumis dipsaceus (Ehrenb. Ex Spach.)
Authors: Kimathi Purity Kanana , Maitho Timothy , Mbaria James , Moriasi Gervason
Published: April 2022

Introduction: Cucumis dipsaceus is used to treat diarrhoea, microbial infections, among other diseases across the world; however, there is insufficient empirical data to validate its efficacy, toxicity, and safety. Accordingly, we investigated the antidiarrheal, antimicrobial, and toxic effects of the aqueous and methanolic leaf and fruit extracts of C. dipsaceus.Methods: Antidiarrheal activities of the aqueous and methanolic leaf and fruit extracts of C. dipsaceus were investigated using the castor oil-induced diarrhoea technique in a Wistar rat model. The disk diffusion and broth microdilution methods were adopted to determine the antimicrobial activities of the studied plant extracts. The acute oral toxicity effects of the studied plant extracts were investigated in Wistar rats according to the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) guidelines.Results: The aqueous and methanolic leaf and fruit extracts of C. dipsaceus significantly (P < 0.05) inhibited diarrhoea in a dose-dependent manner in experimental rats. Besides, the studied extracts significantly (P < 0.05) inhibited the growth of Salmonella enteritidis, Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Candida albicans in varying degrees, as depicted by their growth inhibition zones (>6.00 mm) and minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs <1000 μg/mL). Moreover, the studied extracts did not cause any observable acute oral toxicity effects in the experimental rats across the 14-day experimental period.Conclusion: The aqueous and methanolic leaf and fruit extracts of C. dipsaceus present a potential source of safe and efficacious lead compounds for developing antidiarrheal and antimicrobial therapies.
Assessment of membrane stability, central nervous system depressant, and gut motility effects of Lablab purpureus seeds
Authors: Roy Joysree , Bhowmik Sutapa , Uddin Md. Giash , Hasan Md. Nazmul , Maswood Abdullah Al , Zahan Sumyya , Aziz Md. Abdul , Hossain Md. Farhad , Hossain Md. Kamrul , Islam Mohammad Safiqul
Published: April 2022

Introduction: Lablab purpureus, under the family of Fabaceae, is a plant with various pharmacological activities. The present study was aimed to investigate the phytoconstituents, membrane stabilizing activity, central nervous system (CNS) depressant potential, and gastrointestinal (GI) motility of the methanol extract of L. purpureus seeds (MELPS).Methods: The methanol plant extract was screened for different phytochemical groups. Mice were classified into four groups for in vivo activities. Group-I was designated as negative control and received distilled water (10 mL/kg body weight); group-II served as positive control and received diazepam (1 mg/kg body weight). Group-III and group-IV both were experimental groups and received plant extract at 200 and 400 mg/kg body weight, respectively.Results: Alkaloids, carbohydrates, saponins, glycosides, tannins, phenols, flavonoids, and proteins were found after phytochemical analysis. On hypotonic solution-induced hemolysis of erythrocyte membrane, MELPS9 (9 mg/mL) resulted in the highest percentage of inhibition (60.51 ± 0.889), and on heat-induced hemolysis, MELPS9 (9 mg/mL) resulted in the highest percentage of inhibition (33.97 ± 0.21). In the case of the CNS depressant potential experiment, mice that received a sample at a dose of 400 mg/kg body weight showed the highest result (54.40 ± 4.51) compared with the positive control (14.2 ± 3.70) (P < 0.001). Similarly, 400 mg/kg dose sample exhibited the highest percentage of inhibition (60.51 ± 0.889) of hemolysis and GI motility (22.26%).Conclusion: It can be concluded that the MELPS has potential membrane stability, CNS depressant, and antimotility effects.
Date palm seed extract and herbal mixture mitigate gentamicin-induced renal injury in mice: Role of Protease-activated receptors (PARs) and Retinoid X receptor alpha (RXR-α)
Authors: Sohaim Suliman , Mohammed Salman , Amin Elham , Ali Hussein M , Abdelbakky Mohamed
Published: April 2022

Introduction: Gentamicin (Gen) causes renal toxicity by inhibiting protein synthesis in kidney cells, causing proximal tubule cell necrosis and renal failure. Herein, we examined the nephroprotective effect of date palm seed extract (DPSE) and one herbal mixture (HM; composed of Tribulus terrestris, Aerva lanata, Andrographis paniculata, and Raphanus sativus) against Gen-induced renal toxicity in mice with special reference to the possible role of retinoid X receptor alpha (RXR-α) and protease-activated receptor 2 (PAR-2) in this effect. Methods: Thirty-two male Balb/c mice divided randomly into four groups were either treated with saline, Gen (225 mg/kg/i.p., daily from day 3 to day 10), Gen (225 mg/kg i.p.) daily from day 3 to day 10 and DPSE (100 mg/kg/p.o.) daily for 10 days, or Gen (225 mg/kg i.p.) daily from day 3 to day 10 and HM (100 mg/kg/p.o., daily for 10 days). Mice were sacrificed 24 hours after the last dose administration, and kidney tissues were dissected out, weighed, and subjected to histological, immunofluorescence, and biochemical assays. Results: The Gen-induced renal toxicity group demonstrated a significant decrease in RXR-α and a significant increase in PAR-2 protein expression. Treatment with DPSE or HM significantly improved Gen-induced effects on serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), white blood cells (WBCs), platelets, RXR-α extracellular matrix deposition, and PAR-2. Conclusion: The present study stated the nephroprotective effects of DPSE and HM and revealed, for the first time, the involvement of retinoid receptors and PAR-2 in Gen-induced renal toxicity as well as in the protective effects of the two tested natural products.
EL ESTRÉS SALINO EN EL CULTIVO DEL ARROZ (Oryza sativa L). PAPEL DE LOS OLIGOGALACTURÓNIDOS COMO PROTECTORES DE LAS PLANTAS
Authors: Pérez-Domínguez Geydi , Peñuelas-Rubio Ofelda , Núñez-Vázquez Miriam , Martínez-González Lisbel , López-Padrón Indira , Reyes-Guerrero Yanelis , Argentel-Martínez Leandris
Published: April 2022

La salinidad del suelo es una de las principales limitaciones que afectan la producción de arroz en todo el mundo. Se espera que este estrés se intensifique cada vez más debido al cambio climático que se está presentando a nivel global. El arroz es uno de los cereales más importantes y alimenta a más del 50 % de la población mundial. Para satisfacer la demanda del aumento de la población la producción de arroz debe mejorarse continuamente y para ello, una de las estrategias para reducir los daños que provoca la salinidad es el uso de productos bioactivos que sean amigables con el medio ambiente. La presente revisión recopila información actualizada sobre los efectos que el estrés salino provoca en las plantas de arroz, haciendo énfasis en su influencia en el sistema radical de estas plantas, teniendo en cuenta las múltiples funciones que las raíces desempeñan; además, se discuten las potencialidades de los oligogalacturónidos como posibles protectores de las plantas al estrés por salinidad. Estos compuestos, que se obtienen a partir de la pectina de la corteza de los frutos, han demostrado su efecto estimulante en el enraizamiento, el crecimiento y la diferenciación de diferentes especies vegetales.
DESARROLLO EPIDÉMICO DE LA ROYA ASIÁTICA DE LA SOYA BAJO LA ACCIÓN DE FUNGICIDAS Y VARIABLES CLIMÁTICAS
Authors: Fajardo-Franco Marja L. , Guzmán-Plazola Remigio A. , González-Baca Guadalupe , Terán-Vargas Antonio P , Vaquera-Huerta Humberto , Aguilar-Tlatelpa Martin
Published: April 2022

La roya asiática (Phakopsora pachyrhizi Sydow & Sydow) es una limitante para la producción de soya [Glycine max (L.) Merril] debido a que causa pérdidas de rendimiento de hasta 80 %. En México, son escasos los estudios sobre la influencia de fungicidas en el desarrollo epidémico de la enfermedad, su relación con el clima y el impacto en el rendimiento. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar el efecto de la aplicación de: a) pyraclostrobin + flutriafol, b) pyraclostrobin + epoxiconazole, y c) epoxiconazole, sobre el desarrollo epidémico de la roya asiática de la soya, así como el impacto de la enfermedad sobre el rendimiento de grano y el efecto de variables climáticas sobre la enfermedad. Se establecieron siete experimentos en un periodo de tres años en Altamira, Tamaulipas, México. Únicamente se detectaron diferencias significativas (P ≤ 0.05) en la incidencia y en el área bajo la curva del progreso de la enfermedad (ABCPE) con la aplicación de pyraclostrobin + epoxiconazole, la cual disminuyó los niveles de incidencia de 88 a 96 % y la severidad de 95 a 98 %; además, evitó pérdidas de rendimiento de grano del orden del 11.2 al 25.6 %. La aplicación de pyraclostrobin + flutriafol y de epoxiconazole no causaron diferencias sobre la severidad y el ABCPE de la roya asiática, en comparación con el testigo sin aplicación de fungicidas. Las variables climáticas asociadas con una mayor probabilidad de ocurrencia de la enfermedad fueron el número de horas con temperaturas entre 17.5 y 32.5 º C, en combinación con el número de horas con humedad foliar en el intervalo de 10 a 15 (escala 0 a 15) y con humedad relativa mayor de 70 %.
EFECTO DE LOS TRATAMIENTOS TÉRMICOS EN LA DIFERENCIACION Y FLORACION DE NARDO (Polianthes tuberosa L.).
Authors: Silva-Morales Jaime David , Castañeda-Saucedo Ma. Claudia , Barba-González Rodrigo , Rodríguez-Campos Jacobo , Tapia-Campos Ernesto
Published: April 2022

El nardo (Polianthes tuberosa L.) es una planta ornamental producida en todo el mundo, principalmente como flor de corte. Una limitante de la producción de nardo es el control del tiempo de floración, para lo cual se han estudiado diferentes estrategias, una de estas es el pretratamiento de los cormos con temperaturas. En el presente estudio, cormos de nardo se sometieron a dos temperaturas de almacenamiento (4 y 27 °C) por 4, 5, 6 y 7 semanas, además de dos testigos: cormos mantenidos a temperatura ambiente (T0) y cormos con pretratamiento con AG3 (200 ppm). Las variables evaluadas fueron el largo del meristemo (LM), ancho del meristemo (AM), días a la brotación (DAB), días a floración (DAF), longitud del tallo floral (LT), diámetro del tallo (DT), longitud de la espiga (LE) y número de flores (NF). El mayor crecimiento y diferenciación del meristemo se presentaron después del establecimiento de los cormos en invernadero; los tratamientos a 27 °C adelantaron la brotación de las primeras hojas. Los tratamientos de 27 °C por 6 semanas y de 4 °C por una semana presentaron menores días a floración (100.8 y 104.0 respectivamente). En general, los cormos tratados a 27 °C presentaron mayor homogeneidad en la curva de cosecha sin afectar el resto de las variables evaluadas, lo cual es importante porque tales tratamientos pueden usarse para controlar la floración de nardo sin afectar la calidad.
PRETRATAMIENTO CON CITOCININAS EN Bouteloua curtipendula (MICHX.) TORR. PARA INCREMENTAR LA REGENERACIÓN DE PLÁNTULAS
Authors: Bernal-Flores Álvaro , Pérez-Rodríguez Paulino , Robledo-Paz Alejandrina , Quero-Carrillo Adrián R.
Published: April 2022

El pasto banderita [Bouteloua curtipendula (Michx.) Torr.] es una de las forrajeras más cultivadas en zonas semiáridas de EUA y norte de México; es una especie apomíctica recalcitrante con grandes atributos forrajeros. El objetivo del presente estudio fue evaluar tratamientos de pre-regeneración usando citocininas para incrementar la frecuencia de regeneración. Callos morfogénicos inducidos de cariópsides maduros de Banderita cv. El Reno, cultivados en medio basal de Murashige y Skoog (MS) y suplementados con tres niveles de ácido 2,4 diclorofenoxiacético (2,4-D; 2, 3 y 4 mg L-1) en presencia de 0.15 mg L-1 de 6-bencilaminopurina (BAP) se sometieron a dos tratamientos previos al proceso de regeneración con citocinina [(BAP (MSB) y BAP+KIN+TDZ (MSBKT)] durante 10 días, y posteriormente transferidosa medio de regeneración MSBK (2 mg L-1 BAP y 1 mg L-1 de cinetina) y subcultivados cada 20 días hasta completar el proceso de regeneración. Los datos se analizaron por regresión logística, binomial negativa y modelo mixto. Diferencias estadísticas (P ≤ 0.05) en frecuencia de inducción de callos se registraron a diferentes niveles de 2,4-D, siendo la más alta la de 2 mg L-1. El pretratamiento basado en MSB mejoró la respuesta de regeneración de plántulas conforme se incrementó el nivel de 2,4-D en los tratamientos de inducción de callos, mientras que niveles menores incrementaron la frecuencia de desarrollo de callos. La mayor respuesta de regeneración se observóen callos inducidos con 3 y 4 mg L-1 de 2,4-D (P ≤ 0.05). El pretratamiento con citocininas fue clave en la regeneración de plántulas en callos de pasto Banderita cv. El Reno.
El Instituto de Diseño Industrial de Rosario y su método para generar la buena forma (1960-1964)
Authors: Ibarra Tomás Esteban
Published: April 2022

Este trabajo aborda las ideas involucradas en el diseño de la forma por parte del Instituto de Diseño Industrial (IDI) de Rosario, desde su fundación en 1960 hasta la realización de los primeros productos proyectados en colaboración con la industria local en 1964. Para ello se analizan los principales debates en torno a la teoría de la buena forma y las propuestas llevadas adelante por Gastón Breyer (1919-2009) y Jorge Vila Ortiz (1923-2001), quienes fueron los primeros directores del Instituto y, paralelamente, profesores titulares de la asignatura Visión en la Escuela de Arquitectura y Planeamiento de Rosario. El objetivo principal es revelar algunos de los lineamientos del método de diseño del IDI a partir del estudio de los planteos incluidos en su primer folleto publicitario. También se reconstruye dicho método con las propuestas desarrolladas por Vila Ortiz en un artículo publicado en la revista A&P y desde la observación de cuatro productos proyectados para empresas locales. Se intenta verificar de qué manera el IDI actuó como un promotor de las ideas sobre la buena forma desde su producción práctica vinculada a la industria y el desarrollo.
Instituto de Diseño Industrial IDI. Innovación y tecnología. Conversaciones
Authors: Dujovne Ariel , Hiba Juan Carlos , Grivarello Enzo , Rainero Carolina
Published: April 2022

Al mirar retrospectivamente, la creación del Instituto de Diseño Industrial en Rosario fue un hecho que contribuyó significativamente al desarrollo del diseño industrial argentino ya que permitió conocer la importancia y el valor que el diseño aporta a la calidad integral del producto. Su impacto trascendió la esfera local debido a una inédita propuesta de trabajar en estrecha relación con la industria. No menos importante fue la constitución del equipo de trabajo que, ya en 1962, se sustentaba en la multidisciplinariedad y el diseño colaborativo. Esta narración propone una descripción respecto a su historia y sus características, así como de las investigaciones desarrolladas desde el Laboratorio de Ergonomía Aplicada y el Laboratorio de Estética del Diseño. Mediante algunas conversaciones y otros textos que se van articulando, se reflexiona acerca de la innovadora manera de trabajar. Es significativo destacar que, más allá del cierre definitivo del Instituto, los estudiantes, profesores y profesionales que formaron parte del IDI han mantenido, cual legado, aquellas prácticas en sus actividades profesionales.
Derecho a un Ambiente Sano. El caso del Manglar de la Laguna del Carpintero
Authors: GOMEZ GOMEZ HILDA MARGARITA
Published: April 2022

Este trabajo abordará los relevantes y novedosos criterios que generó la ejecutoria en estudio a partir de un marco teórico y legal sobre el contenido, dimensiones y núcleo esencial del derecho a un ambiente sano, principios que lo rigen y su tutela efectiva, sobre la configuración del interés legítimo en materia ambiental en su vinculación con los servicios ambientales, así como las obligaciones de los juzgadores en torno a su interpretación. Destacará también la consideración de la protección de los manglares como prioridad nacional, la reinterpretación del principio de relatividad de las sentencias de amparo y las herramientas judiciales para la reversión de la carga de la prueba o para recabarlas de oficio. Asimismo, presentará a partir de los antecedentes y datos del caso, un análisis crítico de las limitaciones del amparo para la tutela efectiva del ambiente esbozando algunas breves ideas para atenderlas.
AN ASSESSMENT OF AUTOIMMUNITY IN ARTHRITIS PATIENTS
Authors: ODEWUSI OO , ABDULMUMIN MJ , OLANIYAN OO
Published: April 2022

Objectives: The goal of this study is to estimate autoimmune biomarkers that characterize the development and severity of arthritis, but probably normalize following successful therapy. Materials and methods: In this study a total of 109 subjects were used out of which treated and untreated arthritics were 48 and 44 respectively, the remaining 17 were healthy individuals which were used as control. Samples were collected from patients attending Rheumatology and Orthopedic clinic of Federal Teaching Hospital Ido-ekiti, Ekiti State Nigeria. Antinuclear antibody was estimated using Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) while Lupus Erythematosus cells were ascertained microscopically using Leishman staining technique. All parameters were assessed in treated and untreated arthritic patients relative to healthy subjects. Body mass index was also calculated. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS. Results: Body mass index and Antinuclear antibodies were significantly higher in treated and untreated arthritics compared to control (P<0.05). When treated and untreated arthritics were compared, Body mass index and Antinuclear antibody were found to be significantly higher in untreated arthritics (P<0.05). Antinuclear antibody and Age correlated directly in untreated arthritics. Lupus Erythematosus cell prevalence was found to be higher in untreated arthritics having a percentage Lupus Erythematosus test positivity of 6.8% compared to the 2.1% seen in treated arthritics. Conclusion: It was found that Autoimmunity in arthritics can be significantly lowered through treatment with Arthritic drugs, diets, life style modifications over a period of time. The study suggests that Antinuclear antibody and Lupus Erythematosus estimations could be adopted as markers of diagnosis, prognosis and monitoring of arthritis.
THE ANALYSIS OF THE STRATEGY OF CUSTOMER SERVICE IN THE FACE OF CUSTOMER COMPLAINTS IN THE PANDEMIC COVID-19
Authors: Ghifariyanti Virastamida , Natalina Sri Anugrah , Mutafarida Binti
Published: April 2022

Masyarakat Indonesia saat ini tengah menghadapi pandemi covid-19. Kondisi memberikan dampak besar bagi kehidupan serta perekonomian masyarakat. Selain itu banyak lembaga keuangan yang juga terkena dampak dari pandemi covid-19 salah satunya adalah lembaga asuransi syariah. Lembaga asuransi syariah di kota Kediri yang terdampak dari pandemic ini adalah PT. Asuransi Jiwa Syariah Bumiputera Branch Kediri. Dimasa pandemi covid-19 keluhan yang diterima PT. Asuransi Jiwa Syariah Bumiputera Branch  Kediri meningkat dari tahun 2018 dan 2019 terhitung sebanyak 30% nasabah melakukan keluhan, yang di dominasi oleh keluhan mengenai kesulitan pembayaran premi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui: Strategi customer service PT. Asuransi Jiwa Syariah Bumiputera Branch  Kediri dalam menghadapi keluhan nasabah sebelum dan selama masa pandemic covid-19. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan jenis penelitian studi kasus. Pengambilan data dilakukan dengan wawancara, observasi dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan strategi yang digunakan adalah (1) permohonan maaf; (2) empati; (3) kecepatan dalam penanganan keluhan; (4) kewajaran atau keadilan dalam memecahkan masalah dan keluhan (5) memberikan kemudahan bagi konsumen untuk menghubungi perusahaan; (6) adanya sistem jemput bola saat nasabah tidak bisa datang ke kantor karena pandemi covid-19; (7) penggunaan media digital untuk sistem pembayaran premi dan pengajuan klaim; (8) restrukturisasi guna pembayaran premi.
 
Indonesian people are currently facing the COVID-19 pandemic. Conditions have a significant impact on people's lives and the economy. In addition, many financial institutions are also affected by the COVID-19 pandemic, one of which is sharia insurance institutions. The sharia insurance institution in the city of Kediri affected by this pandemic is PT. Bumiputera Sharia Life Insurance, Kediri branch. During the COVID-19 pandemic, the complaints were received by PT. Bumiputera Sharia Life Insurance Kediri branch increased from 2018 and 2019, accounting for 30% of customers making a complaint, which was dominated by complaints about difficulties in paying premiums. This study aims to determine: The customer service strategy of PT. Bumiputera Sharia Life Insurance Kediri branch deals with customer complaints before and during the covid-19 pandemic. This research uses a qualitative approach with the type of case study research. Data collection was done by interview, observation, and documentation. The results showed that the strategies used were (1) apology; (2) empathy; (3) speed in handling complaints; (4) fairness or fairness in solving problems and complaints (5) making it easy for consumers to contact the company; (6) the existence of a ball pick-up system when customers cannot come to the office due to the covid-19 pandemic; (7) use of digital media for premium payment systems and claim submissions; (8) restructuring for premium payment.
EXAMINING STUDENTS’ AWARENESS AND BEHAVIOR IN DEALING WITH VIRTUAL LEARNING ENVIRONMENT
Authors: Najahah Najahah , Nurkholida Erna , Ulfah Ulin Ni’mah Rodliya
Published: April 2022

This research entitled “Examining Students’ Awareness and Behavior in Dealing with Virtual Learning Environment.”it intended in investigating the students’ awareness and behavior in dealing with virtual learning environment. This research generally answered two questions; what is the students’ awareness in dealing with virtual learning environment and what is the students’ behavior in dealing with the virtual learning environment?

This is a survey research. The data was collected through a set of questionnaires spread through Google form using the link through WhatsApp group. There were 186 students participated as the respondents. The data of the responses was presented in bar and pie diagrams and was explained descriptively in order to reveal the students' awareness and behavior comprehensively.

The result said that related to the language and instruction of the lecturer in online learning, it seems that most of the students not really understand. More than half (58%) of the respondents neither agree nor disagree. Yet, 62% of the respondents agree that sharing applications (Google Classroom/WhatsApp Group), Virtual online learning (Zoom/Skype/Google meet), and Streaming audio (pre- recorder lecture) are useful tools for learning the online classes. Then about the online platform which are used  in virtual learning, 49.5% agreed that Google Classroom or WhatsApp Group are more chosen than Zoom/Skype/Google meet. For all categories, the highest response is about internet connection. Most of the students agreed that internet connection is a problem. It reached 63.8%. About accessing the material, the highest response said that they had time to acces the material and they knew how to access it. While about the students’ behavior, many students agreed that virtual/online learning can improve their confident and self-discipline. But here, the percentage is not more than fifty. It is only 42.7% and 42.2%. Then, about online learning is more enjoyable, 45.9% of them neither agrees nor disagrees, and then followed by disagreement in 27%. The statement about easiness in interactions with classmates and lecturers, the highest percentage is disagree, it reached 38.9% and followed by neither agree nor disagree. It means having interaction with lecturers and friends in the online way is not as easy as in offline meeting.
Automatic Deep Learning-Based Consolidation/Collapse Classification in Lung Ultrasound Images for COVID-19 Induced Pneumonia
Authors: Durrani Nabeel , Vukovic Damjan , Burgt Jeroen van der , Antico Maria , van Sloun Ruud JG van , CANTY DAVID , Steffens Marian , Wang Andrew , ROYSE ALISTAIR , ROYSE COLIN , Haji Kavi , Dowling Jason , Chetty Girija , Fontanarosa Davide
Published: April 2022

Our automated deep learning-based approach identifies consolidation/collapse in LUS images to aid in the diagnosis of late stages of COVID-19 induced pneumonia, where consolidation/collapse is one of the possible associated pathologies. A common challenge in training such models is that annotating each frame of an ultrasound video requires high labelling effort. This effort in practice becomes prohibitive for large ultrasound datasets. To understand the impact of various degrees of labelling precision, we compare labelling strategies to train fully supervised models (frame-based method, higher labelling effort) and inaccurately supervised models (video-based methods, lower labelling effort), both of which yield binary predictions for LUS videos on a frame-by-frame level. We moreover introduce a novel sampled quaternary method which randomly samples only 10% of the LUS video frames and subsequently assigns (ordinal) categorical labels to all frames in the video based on the fraction of positively annotated samples. This method outperformed the inaccurately supervised video-based method of our previous work on pleural effusions. More surprisingly, this method outperformed the supervised frame-based approach with respect to metrics such as precision-recall area under curve (PR-AUC) and F1 score that are suitable for the class imbalance scenario of our dataset despite being a form of inaccurate learning. This may be due to the combination of a significantly smaller data set size compared to our previous work and the higher complexity of consolidation/collapse compared to pleural effusion, two factors which contribute to label noise and overfitting; specifically, we argue that our video-based method is more robust with respect to label noise and mitigates overfitting in a manner similar to label smoothing. Using clinical expert feedback, separate criteria were developed to exclude data from the training and test sets respectively for our ten-fold cross validation results, which resulted in a PR-AUC score of 73% and an accuracy of 89%. While the efficacy of our classifier using the sampled quaternary method must be verified on a larger consolidation/collapse dataset, when considering the complexity of the pathology, our proposed classifier using the sampled quaternary video-based method is clinically comparable with trained experts and improves over the video-based method of our previous work on pleural effusions.
¿Cómo se difunde la investigación sobre alfabetización científica en educación? Un estudio documental de la producción científica
Authors: Sánchez Emeterio Gema , Raquel Fernández Cézar
Published: April 2022

La alfabetización científica contribuye al desarrollo de la competencia científica, necesaria para toda la ciudadanía. El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar cómo se aborda la difusión del empleo del método científico y la alfabetización científica en las aulas con la finalidad de obtener un panorama general sobre la misma. Método. Se realiza una revisión de la investigación educativa sobre alfabetización y método científico en las aulas a partir de la Base de Datos Web of Science (2008 a 2018), donde se examinan de forma informétrica y cienciométrica las publicaciones científicas seleccionadas mediante la bibliometría y el análisis de contenido. Resultados. Con los descriptores empleados se han seleccionado 60 artículos. Los principales resultados obtenidos revelan que el método y la alfabetización científica en educación tienen escasa presencia en las revistas científicas y aparecen frecuentemente con ausencia manifiesta de declaración respecto al diseño, la recogida de datos o el análisis de la información que se presenta. Discusión y Conclusiones. Mejorar la comunicación del empleo de la alfabetización científica en el aula tiene implicaciones no solo en el progreso de la propia comunicación de resultados, sino también en la práctica y el fomento de la investigación sobre dicha alfabetización. Estos resultados ponen de manifiesto la necesidad de incrementar la difusión en las revistas científicas de la alfabetización científica llevada a cabo en las aulas, así como de hacerlo con más rigor científico.
Disyuntiva entre lugares y no-lugares: Sentipensando la enseñanza de las ciencias sociales en un contexto de pandemia y virtualidad: El aula virtual ¿un no- lugar? (Reflexiones teóricas a partir de Simmel, Camus y Augé)
Authors: Gómez Guerra Susan Ileana
Published: April 2022

La sensación de “extrañeza” y no pertenencia han sido temas abordados por autores como el filósofo y sociólogo alemán Georg Simmel, y por el escritor, también filósofo francés, Albert Camus. Se considera que las elucubraciones de ambos pueden categorizarse en la noción de no-lugar, planteada por el antropólogo francés Marc Augé, quien propone que un no-lugar “no puede definirse ni como espacio de identidad ni como relacional ni como histórico” (Augé, 2000, p. 44); con esta definición, es evidente que Augé pretende explicar que todos aquellos lugares en los cuales no existe interacción simbólica o en los cuales no hay una construcción colectiva de identidad compartida, son no-lugares.

La categoría analítica de los no-lugares que remite a sentirse “ajeno”, “extranjero”, permite analizar una de las consecuencias de vida actuales, en medio de un contexto de pandemia y virtualidad que, entre otros ámbitos de la vida cotidiana, ha permeado el educativo.

Por lo anteriormente mencionado, se considera primordial recopilar las percepciones, sensaciones, emociones y afecciones experimentadas por estudiantes de educación superior de segundo año, de dos carreras y universidades distintas de Guatemala; ello, con el objetivo de evidenciar cómo el contexto de pandemia y virtualidad ha modificado el aula en un no-lugar, exponiendo de qué manera la constitución del aula en un no-lugar puede afectar la enseñanza de las Ciencias Sociales.

La fundamentación teórica de los planteamientos partirá de los autores mencionados con antelación y la sustentación metodológica consistirá en la aplicación del método cualitativo acompañado de técnicas como: encuestas y entrevistas.
Społeczne odczytanie Konstytucji RP a aksjologia konstytucyjna i konstytucyjna ontologia społeczna
Authors: Skuczyński Paweł
Published: April 2022

The paper aims to propose a social reading of the Constitution of the Republic of Poland as an alternative to liberal and republican interpretations. It was developed with the use of an interdisciplinary methodology, including the use of societal constitutionalism as its theoretical basis, as well as its formal-dogmatic justification and its characterisation in the perspective of the theory of law as relating to the social ontology expressed in the Constitution of the Republic of Poland. A thesis is put forward that the social reading of the Constitution consists in recognizing some social entities as constitutional entities, next to individuals and the State. Consequently, the norms concerning them should be interpreted as obliging the state authorities to ensure their influence on public policies and the law-making, and to take into account the bottom-up creation of norms and broadly understood self-regulation. Four arguments for the social reading of the Constitution of the Republic of Poland are presented, which are based on: 1) the scope of the constitutional regulation (extensive regulation in Chapter 1 of social and public entities such as local and professional self-government bodies, trade unions, and employers’ organizations, civil society organisations, churches, and religious unions); 2) the way they are regulated (despite the identity of the designatum, regulating these entities alongside the concept of a sovereign nation and imposing certain obligations on the State authorities towards them); 3) the historical context of the making of the Polish Constitution (building the autonomy of society in relation to the state as a strategy of resistance from the 1970s); 4) the work on drafting the Polish Constitution (the gradual addition of provisions on social entities, often due to pressure exerted by, which was an expression of far-reaching self-constitutionalisation).
Adaptive control of the dirigible attitude angles in hover mode
Authors:   Tan Nin, U Go, Selezneva M.S., Neusypin K.А., Fu Li
Published: April 2022

The dirigible dynamic model is developed. The angles control problem of the spatial position of the dirigible in hover mode, which is a common and important task for a relay station, is solved. The law of adaptive control is developed on the basis of the model with undefined parameters of the dirigible. The stability analysis of the closed-loop system under control using the Lyapunov function is carried out. The effectiveness of the algorithm is proven by mathematical modeling.

Keywords
dirigible, hover mode, undefined parameters, adaptive control, Lyapunov function, stability
Schemes designing for transport development of the forest tract by using information and intelligent systems
Authors:   Nikitin V.V. Bryuhovetskiy A.N. Skrypnikov A.V. Vyisotskaya I.A. Sapelkin R.S. Bondarev A.B.
Published: April 2022

A model of computer-aided design of the transport network of timber highways, which allows improving the road design system is considered The features of the preparation of automated initial data are adduced and their advantages for solving a linear model of the timber transport network are shown through an experiment.

Keywords
logging road, design of a transport network, problem of a transport linear programming
Jet vortex converter of the displacement into pneumatic signal
Authors:   Sentyakov B.A. Holov A.D.
Published: April 2022

The design of a pneumatic jet displacement converter into a pneumatic signal is developed. The converter consists of two main parts — a housing with a tangential compressed air supply and a central insert, which form a converging annular nozzle. Using the theory of planning an experiment, mathematical models that describe the regularities of changing the coordinates of characteristic points of its typical characteristics from the main parameters of the flow path of an annular nozzle are obtained.

Keywords
jet converter, annular nozzle, compressed air, movement control, air pressure, vacuum
New technologies for testing military motor vehicles to assess the reliability and other operational properties in the condition of its real use
Authors:   Ustimenko V.S. Tatarkina O.YU.
Published: April 2022

The article presents new technologies for testing military motor vehicles (VAT) to assess the reliability and other operational properties in the condition of its real use. Patents for the invention have been obtained for all the developed technologies for testing VAT.

Keywords: tests, new testing technologies, types of test roads, reliability, military automotive equipment
Investigation of the effect of biodiesel fuel for the operation of fuel equipment
Authors:   Markov V.A. Mescheryakov A.G. Mescheryakova YU.V. Nagornov S.A.
Published: April 2022

Bio-fuels derived from vegetable oils are promising alternative fuels for diesel engines. These biofuels differ from petroleum diesel fuel in increased density and viscosity. When adapting diesels to work on these fuels, there is a problem of deterioration in the quality of fuel supply and atomization processes. Experimental studies of the fuel equipment of diesel type D65N on petroleum diesel fuel and its mixtures with methyl ether of vegetable oil have been carried out.

Keywords
diesel engine, petroleum diesel fuel, methyl ester of camelina oil, mixed fuel, spraying
Investigation of dynamic loads on the crank mechanism of a truck
Authors:   Salahov R.R. Ermakov A.M. Hismatullin R.M. Hafizov I.R. Razvalyaev S.V.
Published: April 2022

In this work, a one-dimensional model of the crank and gas distribution mechanisms of a diesel engine has been developed and verified, taking into account the mass of parts and inertial forces. Simulation of their joint operation at different engine speeds has been carried out. The data on the dynamic loads on the crankshaft and camshafts were obtained. The one-dimensional numerical model was verified according to the data of threedimensional calculations, which completely coincide with the analytical and graphical solutions. A significant effect of inertial forces on the shaft of the gas distribution mechanism with an increase in the rotational speed was revealed.

Keywords: crank mechanism, dynamic loads, diesel engine, crankshaft