bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comentarios pedagógicos sobre la "Metodología de la razón práctica pura" (II parte de la Crítica de la razón práctica)
Authors: Regal Alberti Bernardo
Published: May 2023

Aunque parezca increíble, el último capítulo de la Crítica de la razón práctica no está escrito para los filósofos académicos que discurren sobre los fundamentos de los principios de la moralidad humana sino para los maestros de aula que quisieran entusiasmar desde niños a los jóvenes con los valores de la revolución democrática de la sociedad moderna. En ese único último capítulo no deja Kant, por SD;puesto, de reiterar, repetir y subrayar una vez más los puntos sustanciales de su concepción (digamos intelectual y científico/académica) de la moralidad humana. Sin embargo, en este final de su segunda Crítica, el lector ya no se encuentra con el gran pensador sino con el maestro de aula preocupado sobre cómo hacer para que los estudiantes lleven efectivamente a la práctica, necesariamente subjetiva, los principios objetivos de la razón moral. Más exactamente, preocupado de que los maestros empleen la didáctica más adecuada a la formación moral de los estudiantes. (Si pensamos que en su tiempo no había facultades ni institutos de Educación para preparar docentes primario/secundarios y que los propios profesores universitarios se turnaban para dictar breves cursillos de pedagogía, entenderemos mejor las intenciones y preocupaciones de Kant, por un lado de cara a los maestros y a sus métodos de enseñanza y por otro, lógicamente, con respecto a los niños y jóvenes adolescentes a quienes supuestamente se quiere moralizar.)
Presencia de Bergson en el Perú
Authors: González Umeres Luz
Published: May 2023

Este Congreso Nacional de Filosofía, en el cual tengo el gusto de participar, por primera vez en su séptima edición, ofrece un marco de reflexión sugerente; invitándonos a emitir juicios de valor sobre el quehacer filosófico desarrollado durante este siglo XX que ya concluye, y a mirar el apasionante trabajo que nos espera en el futuro próximo.
Una dispersión temática más : filosofía en el derecho
Authors: Aldave Hugo
Published: May 2023

Los contenidos temáticos del curso de "Filosofía del derecho" en las universidades del departamento de La Libertad son uniformes y constantes. Se privilegia cómo es que se hizo disciplina, asimismo, se desarrolla la idea del derecho y se recorre el concepto de justicia desde diferentes concepciones, cuidando no comprometer juicios de valor, de modo que el candor con que se le desarrolla provoca desinterés en la contrastación de ideas y en la gesta por una cultura de la polémica. Circula en rumor elocuente además que se nos prive de ella, que se le bajen los créditos o que simplemente se le tenga por falto de modernidad tal como ha ocurrido con la desaparición de los cursos: sistemas filosóficos ; idealismo; materialismo dialéctico e histórico; y cómo hacer electivo el curso de Teoría del conocimiento antes obligatorio, específicamente en la Facultad de Derecho de la Universidad Nacional de Trujillo
Ecología, ecología profunda, filosofía ecológica. Panorama y proyecciones
Authors: Garaycochea Villar Walter
Published: May 2023

El tema de este Congreso pretende abrir la discusión filosófica en torno al siglo que termina, a fin de efectuar un balance de las diversas propuestas y tendencias, a la vez que suscitar el diálogo acerca de las perspectivas de la nueva etapa que se acerca. Las conferencias magistrales enfocarán la problemática dominante en las principales disciplinas filosóficas. Quienes intervenimos como ponentes en las sesiones simultáneas debemos constreñir nuestra visión a campos más reducidos y con miras menos ambiciosas. Sin embargo, nuestra aproximación por fuerza desbordará tales límites al tener que incidir, aunque fuera tangencialmente, en algunas de las disciplinas filosóficas -fundamentales, en busca de apoyo para intentar dar respuesta a algunas de las interrogantes que hayan de originarse.
La filosofía fenece y el medio ambiente desaparece
Authors: Abarca Fernández Ramón R.
Published: May 2023

ico testigo del primer beso que le dimos a ella, al borde de la arcada y sacudiéndose las toneladas de mierda que le obsequiamos a diario? ¿Se imaginan las praderas y los campos cultivados temblando de asco por las toneladas de insecticidas, herbicidas y otras pestilencias químicas que derramamos sobre ellos? Veo esos campos rascándose contra los rascácielos de las ciudades para librarse de los excrementos que les embadurnan; imagino los bosques vomitando los insecticidas con que los regamos, o el mar lanzando la más grande y más negra ola hacia el interior de la sociedad que lo infecta. Al aire, procediendo como nosotros cuando pisamos una deyección de perro, no hace falta imaginarlo, porque ya lo hace; nos devuelve gran parte de esas lanzas de humo negro que clavamos en su vientre. Su excremento se llama lluvia ácida."
Concepción mítica en Cascajales
Authors: Liza Julia
Published: May 2023

Preguntarse por el papel que desempeña la cultura en la actualidad, supone aceptar lo debatible y trascendente que ello ha significado y significa a través del tiempo. En efecto, ¿dónde participan de una manera decisiva los antropólogos encargados de este asunto: la cultura? Evidentemente el desarrollo cultural y la investigación social persisten en el mundo contemporáneo, sin dejar de ignorar la forma de pensar prefilosófica: el pensamiento mítico. Éste, satisface su visión del mundo y el origen de su existencia; dando lugar a una convivencia con la razón, el mito posee la preciosa virtud de llenar su yo profundo.
Descartes : plenismo y movimiento
Authors: Benitez Grobet Laura
Published: May 2023

En El mundo, Descartes mantiene una propuesta cosmológica especulativa acerca. del mecanismo de formación y organización del universo, que se resume, básicamente en su teoría de los vórtices o remolinos.
Pensar filosófico e historicidad
Authors: Sotomayor Miguel
Published: May 2023

Concebir la filosofía como un ejercicio intelectual de análisis e interpretación de una determinada realidad histórica, no significa desconocer el carácter lógico y universal del saber filosófico. Esta pretensión supone partir del supuesto de la relación necesaria que existe entre lo universal y lo particular, porque ello implica la inclusión de la diversidad espacio-temporal, es decir, la historicidad humana. En el caso de la filosofía, la relación entre lo universal y lo particular en el fondo es la misma que la del concepto de humanidad, que incluye individuos y colectividades, de lo contrario resultará una mera abstracción despojado de su contenido histórico.
Biotransformation of Cardenolides from Calotropis procera and Their Cytotoxic Potential against Human Mammary Gland Carcinoma Cells
Authors: Kharat Kiran R. , Ragade Vinod R. , Kharat Amol R.
Published: May 2023

Background: Poekilocerus pictus (Fabricius 1771), a painted grasshopper, sequesters cardenolides from its food plant, the Apple of Sodom or Aak, Calotropis procera (Aiton) W.T. Aiton (Family-Asclepiadaceae). In our present investigation, we were able to isolate Pseudomonas aeruginosa KRK6 from the intestine of Poekilocerus pictus responsible for the biotransformation of cardenolides. Methods: Pseudomonas aeruginosa KRK6 was grown in methanolic extracts of Calotropis procera and the modified cardenolides were detected by Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (LCMS) and also used to induce apoptosis in cancer cells (MCF-7 cells and T-47 D). Result: The modified cardenolides CPMEP6 was found to induce apoptosis in human breast adenocarcinoma cells (MCF cells-IC50 =6.31±0.4 µg/mL, T-47D cells-IC50 = 10.1±1.02 µg/mL). Phosphatidylserine exposure and DNA fragmentation suggested apoptosis in treated cancer cells. CPMEP6 induced apoptosis in cancer cells via the mitochondrial pathway by down-regulating BCL-2 protein expression and up-regulating BAX protein expression.
Post-exposure prophylaxis of COVID-19: results of double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter clinical study evaluation of efficacy and safety of double-stranded sodium salt RNA drug
Authors: Balykova L. A. , Radaeva O. A. , Zaslavskaya K. Ya. , Taganov A. V. , Bely P. A. , Zakharov K. A. , Popova V. V. , Chudinovskikh T. I. , Teplykh S. V. , Balaban I. V. , Kozlov R. S. , Kirichenko N. V. , Simakina E. N. , Koryanova K. N. , Pushkar D. Yu.
Published: May 2023

The aim of the study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of an RNA double-stranded sodium salt drug, a lyophilisate for a solution preparation for an intramuscular and subcutaneous administration, as a means of post-exposure COVID-19 prophylaxis in comparison with placebo.

Material and methods. A double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter, randomized phase III clinical trial was conducted to evaluate the efficacy and safety of a double-stranded sodium salt RNA drug (RADAMIN®VIRO), a lyophilisate for preparing a solution for intramuscular and subcutaneous administration as a means of post-exposure prophylaxis of COVID-19. The study was conducted in 10 research centers in the Russian Federation from May 31, 2022 to January 17, 2023. The study included men and women aged ≥18 years who cohabitate with a person with a documented COVID-19 diagnosis and do not have symptoms characteristic of COVID-19. At the randomization stage, the subjects were assigned to one of two groups: group 1 (n=400) received a study drug RADAMIN®VIRO 5 mg (1 vial) intramuscularly once a day; group 2 (n=400) received placebo 1 vial intramuscularly once a day. The total duration of the study for each subject was no more than 30 days.

Results. By day 10-11, in the double-stranded sodium salt RNA preparation group, the proportion of the subjects with confirmed COVID-19 and at least 1 symptom characteristic of COVID-19 was 5.76% (23/399), and in the placebo group – 11. 03% (44/399). The difference in proportions between the study drug and placebo groups was 0.0526 (5.26%), the 95% confidence interval (CI) for the difference in proportions between the groups was -95% CI [0.0123;0.0937]). More than 94% of single-dose subjects did not become infected with COVID-19 with any symptoms during the 11 days of the follow-up. As a result of a comparative analysis, it was shown that the infection frequency in the study drug group was statistically significantly (almost twice) less than in the comparison group, which indicates a high efficiency and expediency of using the double-stranded sodium salt RNA preparation as a means of the post-exposure COVID-19 prophylaxis.

Conclusion. Thus, regardless of the vaccination availability, the effectiveness and feasibility of using the study double-stranded sodium salt RNA preparation as a means of the post-exposure COVID-19 prophylaxis was demonstrated not only in medical institutions (outpatient clinics and hospitals), but also in caregivers and/or the persons in contact with COVID-19 patients. The situation was the same in the organizations and enterprises in case of evolution of a mass infection threat and the availability of appropriate medical personnels.
THE DEVELOPMENT OF ETHNOSCIENCE BASED HIGH SCHOOL PHYSICS ENRICHMENT BOOK IN THE TRADITIONAL PROCESSING OF NUR KERINCI COFFEE
Authors: Jufrida Jufrida , Basuki Fibrika Rahmat , Kurniawan Wawan , Milyani Vetty
Published: May 2023

This research is development research that aims to develop an ethnoscience-based high school physics enrichment book on the traditional processing of Nur Kerinci coffee and to find out the students’ perceptions about the enrichment book. The subjects of this study were material experts, media experts, and class XII MIPA 1 students of SMAN 11 Kota Jambi, totaling 24 students. The instruments used in this study were observation sheets, interview sheets, expert validation sheets, student perception questionnaires, and documentation. The resulting data are in the form of qualitative and quantitative data. Qualitative data were analyzed descriptively and quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Local wisdom in the form of traditional processing of Nur Kerinci coffee is used as a context for the problem to explore scientific concepts, especially physics concepts. The results of the material expert validation obtained an average score of 93.33%  with the "very good" category and the media expert at 93.33% with the "very good" category. Meanwhile, the results of the student perception trial obtained an average score percentage of 89.53% in the "very good" category.
THE INFLUENCE OF KARAPAN SAPI LOCAL WISDOM-BASED LKPD ON CRITICAL THINKING SKILLS AND STUDENT LEARNING OUTCOMES
Authors: Fauzi Ach , Putra Pramudya Dwi Aristya , Ahmad Nur
Published: May 2023

Critical thinking skills are one of the abilities that students need to have in learning because of the development of science. The formulation of the problem is how the influence of LKPD Based on Local Wisdom Karapan Sapi on critical thinking skills and learning outcomes. The difference from previous research is that local wisdom is chosen to be integrated into science learning. The purpose of this research is to know the effect of LKPD Based on Local Wisdom Karapan Sapi on critical thinking skills and learning outcomes. The method used was Quasi Experiment and then statistical analysis . The result of the t-test data analysis is the value of Sig. (2-tailed) 0.000 <0.05, meaning that there is a significant difference between the experimental class and the control class. LKPD based on local wisdom is very helpful in learning science and aims to build the value of the nation's cultural character.
DEVELOPMENT OF STEM-BASED SCIENCE LEARNING MODULE ON LOCAL WISDOM OF MANGO CULTIVATION IN PROBOLINGGO ON MODERN BIOTECHNOLOGY TOPIC
Authors: Istianah Istianah , Iqbal Mochammad
Published: May 2023

This study aims to produce an integrated STEM science learning module with local wisdom "Mango cultivation" located in Probolinggo and to find out the students' responses to the subject on the topic of modern biotechnology. This module provided reference for providing science material as well as insight into local wisdom knowledge to empower students and create awareness of maintaining, preserving and developing their environment. The learning process based on local wisdom not just convey culture to students, but rather uses the culture so that students find meaning, creativity, and gain deeper understanding of the material. The modules developed discussed of subject matter, and also link learning materials with local wisdom in terms of STEM. In integrating STEM, students not only directed to understand the material but also given guidance to provide solutions in solving a problem that occurs in local wisdom of mango cultivation in Probolinggo related to modern biotechnology materials in junior high school. This type of research is development research with 4-D research design. This research was conducted at SMP Negeri 2 Probolinggo. The results of this study are the validation of the instructional study that gets score of 3,60 score and the validation of the technical review that gets a score of 3,89 so that the validation results of the product developed are valid. Based on the analysis of student responses showed a very positive attitude towards the developed module. It can be concluded that this development module is valid and can be used as teaching material.
Dermatose Glútea Senil
Authors: Barbosa Joana , Martins Inês , João Alexandre , João Ana Lu´ísa
Published: May 2023

N/a.
As diferenças de classes
Authors: Lalli Maria Eduarda De Lara , Noda Marisa , Ruckstadter Flávio Massami Martins
Published: May 2023

O objetivo deste estudo foi refletir sobre as avaliações em larga escala na escola pública brasileira como uma das problemáticas que permeiam a realidade desigual a partir da divisão de classes, em que o Estado Avaliador procura por meio dessas avaliações externas sustentar lógicas neoliberais. Dessa forma, a partir de 1990, as políticas públicas aprofundaram em um núcleo comum: a concepção e a finalidade em eixos mercantis, conforme apontam Gomes e Melo (2018), que buscam se alinhar às lógicas mercadológicas, apropriando-se da avaliação externa para a sua manutenção. Nesse sentido, ressalta-se neste trabalho a avaliação externa como aparelho hegemônico do Estado burguês. A pesquisa foi realizada com o estudo bibliográfico concentrado em autores que discutem a avaliação e agendas neoliberais no Brasil, entre eles respectivamente, Afonso (2000), Laurentino e Diógenes (2013); Rabelo, Segundo e Jimenez (2009); Santos, Pereira e Mello (2019). Como resultado, possibilitou uma reflexão crítica acerca do debate das Avaliações Externas no Brasil, que reduzem a apropriação dos conteúdos historicamente acumulados para a emancipação da classe trabalhadora.
Risk factors for dystocia in primiparous and pluriparous beef cows at the Besuki Animal Health Center, Situbondo Regency, East Java, Indonesia
Authors: Nisaaturrohma Fajriyah  , Soeharsono Soeharsono  , Oky Setyo Widodo
Published: May 2023

This study aims to determine the risk factors for dystocia in primiparous and pluriparous dams at the study site. Cases of dystocia, both maternal and fetal, were obtained as secondary data from records at the Situbondo Regency Animal Husbandry Service for year 2020 and 2021. Tracking on these secondary data was carried out to look for cows experienced dystocia and the owners’ names and addresses for interviews using a questionnaire worksheet. Interviews were conducted in February - May 2022 to obtain data on the maternal breed, age, feeding, fetal sex, and exercise frequency during pregnancy of the cows. Dystocia in the working area of the Besuki Animal Health Center in Sitobondo Regency in 2020 and 2021 occured in 50 cows which included primiparous (26%) and pluriparous (74%) cows. Breed, age, feed, and sex of the calves were not significantly different (p >0.05) between primiparous and pluriparous dams. However, the frequency of the exercises differed significantly (p <0.05) between primiparous and pluriparous dams. It could be concluded that the dystocia of cows in the study area was dominated by pluriparous parturition with exercises factor as the main cause.
A Technical Approach to Anesthesia in the Case of Tonsillectomy
Authors: Cahyo Febrian Dwi , Sutanto Bambang , Mahmuda Iin Novita Nurhidayati
Published: May 2023

Background: Tonsillectomy is the most common surgical procedure performed by an ENT doctor (Throat Nose Ear) in children. This surgery can cause pain, bleeding and swelling in the injured throat. Patient may complain of pain, difficulty swallowing, eating, drinking disorders, nausea and vomiting and fall into a dehydrated state. This can reduce patient satisfaction.

Discussion: Postoperative pain management of tonsillectomy is  a concern both by the ENT doctor and by the anesthesiologist. The high incidence of post-tonsillectomy pain or anxiety increases the risk of secondary post-tonsillectomy bleeding. It is necessary to know the mechanism of post operative pain and the negative impact of pain.

Conclusion: Doctors should give attention to reduce postoperative pain and choose a rational analgesic to overcome post operative tonsillectomy pain.
Comparison Between Norepinephrine-Epinephrine and Norepinephrine-Vasopressin Effectiveness in Reducing Mortality in Septic Shock: A Systematic Review
Authors: Tan Kenneth , Benedictus Benedictus , Purnomo Christopher William
Published: May 2023

 

Background: Sepsis is a state of organ dysfunction caused by the immune system’s abnormal response to an infection. Septic shock is sepsis complicated by circulatory and metabolic abnormalities, oftentimes resulting in death. Prompt identification and treatment of septic shock is crucial for the survival of patients. The latest international guideline recommends the administration of norepinephrine as the first line vasopressor, with the addition of epinephrine or vasopressin as an aid in achieving the target MAP (Mean Arterial Pressure).

Methods: This study is a systematic review of literatures from the databases Pubmed PMC, Science Direct, and Proquest. Systematic reviews on septic shock, norepinephrine, and epinephrine or vasopressin were among the inclusion criterias. This resulted in a total of five systematic reviews to be included in the qualitative synthesis.

Results: The five included studies were not in sync as to which vasopressor is best used for the treatment of septic shock patients. One of which did not compare the two combinations within the same category, two of which favored the use of norepinephrine-epinephrine, and the other two favored the use of norepinephrine-vasopressin for the treatment of septic shock patients.

Conclusion: The existing evidence were insufficient to give a conclusion of the best combination of vasopressors for septic shock patients. More research, specifically randomized controlled trials, needs to be conducted on this topic with well defined administration of combinations of vasopressors as an advancement of this systematic review. The writers also recommend the delay of anymore systematic reviews until the former recommendation has been met.
Influencia de la proporción de arena en las propiedades físicas y mecánicas de morteros para la edificación
Authors: Navarrete-Seras Marco Antonio , Martinez-Molina Wilfrido , Chavez-Garcia Hugo Luis , Sanchez-Calvillo Adria , Arreola-Sanchez Mauricio , Borrego-Perez Jorge Alberto , Perez-Castellanos Nora Ariadna , Ruiz-Torres Raul Pavel , Duran-Ramos Ana Miriam , Alonso Guzmán Elia Mercedes
Published: May 2023

Se analizó la influencia de la proporción de arena en morteros Tipo II según norma N-CMT-2-01-004/02 empleando tres tipos de áridos de la región de Morelia, Michoacán determinando su influencia en sus propiedades físico-mecánicas, contemplando el uso de diferentes materiales cementantes (MC): el cemento Portland más cal (B1), cemento Portland más cemento de albañilería (B2). Se elaboraron mezclas para B1 y B2 con relaciones en volumen arena/MC, desde 2.25 hasta 4, determinando la fluidez, resistencia a compresión uniaxial (UCS) y resistividad eléctrica húmeda (WER). Se estudió la relación entre la fluidez y la cantidad de agua/MC, concluyendo que el tipo de árido y proporciones modifican la fluidez y demanda de agua en estado fresco impactando en UCS y WER.
RE-BRANDING ACEH: KONTESTASI RUANG PUBLIK ISLAM, OTONOMI KHUSUS DAN STRATEGI BARU
Authors: Husna Fathayatul
Published: May 2023

Aceh is well known as a region that applies Islamic law as a whole. Times have brought about the intake of social changes which also have an influence on the social order of religion in Aceh. researcher examined through two main conditions, before and after special autonomy legitimation.  This theme should to be examined because researcher argue there is Islamic content development in Aceh public space. This paper examines the Islamic public sphere in Aceh as an area with Islamic legitimacy. the author wants to see how the discourse on Islamic public space after the development of technology at the same time and after the conflict. This type of research is descriptive qualitative. The author uses a virtual ethnography method. The result that the authors get is that the Islamic public sphere in Aceh has changed between before the special autonomy was passed and after the special autonomy. Obviously, the development of the Islamic public space in Aceh has been fed by technological developments after the 2004 tsunami.
PENGARUH INTELLECTUAL CAPITAL, LEVERAGE, NON PERFORMING FINANCING DAN CAPITAL ADEQUACY RATIO TERHADAP KINERJA KEUANGAN PADA BANK UMUM SYARIAH DI INDONESIA.
Authors: Laseari Indah , Marliyah Marliyah , Sugianto Sugianto
Published: May 2023

This study plans to look at the impact of scholarly capital estimated by VAIC (Value Added Intellectual Capital) in Islamic banking in Indonesia on monetary execution. The number of inhabitants in this study are Sharia business banks situated in Indonesia and have been enlisted with Bank Indonesia and the Monetary Administrations Authority (OJK). The examination rules of the information test utilized in this review are Sharia business banks in Indonesia from 2015 to 2021. The technique for information assortment in this study is documentation and perception on the quarterly report of Islamic business banks. Information is handled utilizing the eviews 8 program. The consequences of this study showed that VAIC , Leverege, NPF and CAR impacted ROA.
PENELITIAN PENDAHULUAN PENGEMBANGAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN BERBASIS LEARNING MANAGEMENT SYSTEM (LMS) PENDEKATAN SAINTIFIK UNTUK MENUMBUHKAN KEMANDIRIAN BELAJAR MAHASISWA
Authors: Sugiyono Sugiyono
Published: May 2023

Adanya penurunan minat belajar mahasiswa pada mata kuliah Sejarah Peradaban Islam dengan pola pembelajaran konvensional model ceramah terindikasi dari menurunnya keaktifan mahasiswa, merasa cepat bosan, mengantuk, dan bermain gadget saat pembelajaran. Penelitian ini bertujuan memotret permasalahan dan urgensi pengembangan model pembelajaran berbasis Learning Management System (LMS) dengan pendekatan saintifik untuk menumbuhkan kemandirian belajar mahasiswa. Penelitian berjenis deskriptif kuantitatif sebagai pelaksanaan langkah pertama (Preliminary Study) penelitian R&D model Plomp. Populasi penelitian adalah mahasiswa pada Perguruan Tinggi Keagamaan Islam (PTKI) di Kalimantan Timur. Pengumpulan data dengan cara survei kepada 87 responden, interview, studi dokumen dan literatur yang di analisis secara deskriftif kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pembelajaran belum medorong kemandirian belajar dengan tingkat capaian responden Sangat Setuju 34,3%, Setuju 31,7%, Kurang Setuju 26,3% dan Tidak Setuju 7,7%, sementara belum maksimalnya integrasi teknologi informasi dalam pembelajaran responden menilai Sangat Setuju sebesar 35,4%, Setuju 29,1%, Kurang Setuju 27%, Tidak Setuju 8,4%. Dari hasil analisis dan uji statistik diperoleh hasil sebesar 0.2 > 0.05, data berdistribusi normal, hasil uji linieritas sebesar 0.177 > 0.05, hasil uji t 0.00 < 0.05, hasil uji validitas pada variabel x,y > 0.2108, serta hasil uji reliabilitas sebesar 0.626 > 0.600. Berdasarkan indikator tersebut disimpulkan bahwa pengembangan model pembelajaran berbasis teknologi Learning Managament System (LMS) pendekatan saintifik untuk meningkatkan kemandirian belajar mahasiswa diperlukan dan layak untuk dikembangkan
MELACAK PENYEBAB PECERAIAN DI KOTA LHOKSEUMAWE: SEBUAH PENELITIAN FENOMENOLOGI HUKUM ISLAM
Authors: Danial Danial
Published: May 2023

This article examines the causes of divorce in Lhokseumawe, Aceh which is known for its strong Islamic cultural tradition. The research method uses the principles of the phenomenological research paradigm. Primary data was obtained from the results of ethnographic interviews with actors or perpetrators because the focus of this research was directed at tracing the causes and effects of divorce from the perspective of the perpetrators or actors. While secondary data is several kinds of literature related to the research focus. The results showed that several factors cause divorce, namely; differences in character between partners, failure to understand each other, and husband's sexual behavior disorders. The impact of divorce can befall the child and each partner, especially the psychological impact. Similarly, the impact of divorce for couples who already have children with those who do not. For couples who already have children, the impact is wider and inner. Furthermore, efforts to form a divorce can be carried out with several recommendations, First, every couple who will get married must know their potential partner well to their sexual behavior, Second, build a shared commitment about where to go and the desired family model. Third, mutual trust, respect, and support. Fourth, provide good service to partners. Fifth, do not let the small problems that arise in marriage in a long time. Sixth, avoid third-party intervention. Seventh, building a sakinah family requires not only the unity of body and soul but also the same place to live.
KYAI NURJALIPAH: PERAN DAN PENGARUHNYA PADA KETATANEGARAAN DESA PERDIKAN PAKUNCEN KAB. NGANJUK (1651-1760 M)
Authors: Sazanah Nurul Fatin , Nurcholis Ahmad , Rohmah Nurul Baiti
Published: May 2023

This research is a study of the role and influence of a village leader, namely Kyai Nurjalipah. The aim of this research is to explain the origins of Kyai Nurjalipah, his role and his influence in the field of state administration of the Perdikan Pakuncen Village in 1651-1760. The method used in this research is a historical research method by utilizing oral data sources through interviews and library sources. The results of this research showed that there is a close connection between Kyai Nurjalipah and the field of state administration of the Pakuncen Village. Kyai Nurjalipah can be said to be the 'owner' of the Pakuncen land because he was the person who opened that residential land. The development of Pakuncen Village is also inseparable from the role and influence of Kyai Nurjalipah, starting from his role as a spreader of Islam in the village, making Pakuncen as an important area of the Kadipaten Posono, his agreement with Mataram Palace that resulted in the changing status of the pakuncen into a perdikan land, until making policies to regulate villagers, which greatly affected the form of government, the condition of the population and culture of the village community at that time.
Reforming Islamic Education in Iran: Creating An Emancipated and Creative Generation
Authors: Fathoni Sulthon
Published: May 2023

This research focuses on the theme of Islamic education reform in Iran, which aims to produce an emancipated and creative generation. The Islamic Republic of Iran has implemented a series of education reforms that prioritize the development of technical and vocational skills, entrepreneurship, interpersonal skills, and the cultivation of students' character and morality. The goal of these programs is to prepare students to face the challenges of the global job market and to advance the Iranian economy. Moreover, the Iranian government has introduced a series of initiatives to promote critical thinking and creativity in its education system. For instance, it has integrated modern technology into its educational system, established research centers and incubators, and encouraged student participation in extracurricular activities. As a result of these reforms, many Iranian students have emerged as successful graduates in various fields, including technology, science, business, and arts. Therefore, this abstract concludes that the Islamic education reform in Iran has been successful in creating a generation of students who are equipped with the skills and knowledge necessary to compete in the global job market and contribute to the advancement of their country's economy. Furthermore, it has also fostered a culture of critical thinking, creativity, and innovation among students, which will be critical to the country's continued progress in the future.
The Pioneers of Islamic Education: A Critical Look at the Khulafaurrasyidin Period
Authors: Talib Umair
Published: May 2023

The existence of Islamic education has actually existed and started since the first revelation was revealed or to be precise when the Prophet Muhammad saw received an order from Allah to disseminate Islamic teachings, so what was done was clearly included in the education category. This type of research is library research. The approach used is the Islamic Education Science approach. The data collection method is through the documentation method, while the data analysis uses content analysis. The results of the study show that the pattern and system of Islamic education at that time can be classified as fully managed autonomously by the people in a democratic manner, and only when Umar alone did the government take over the education system at that time so that teacher salaries were regulated by the government by taking them to the baitul mall managed by government, if now it is said to be the minister of finance. The curriculum used during the khulafaurrasyidin era was spelled out as one unit, which was centered on the Qur'an and Hadith. This is due to purify what has been taught by the Prophet Muhammad. As for Islamic educational institutions during the khulafaurrasyidin, they were centered on mosques and kuttab. The mosque is used as a spiritual fortress, a meeting place, and an Islamic educational institution, as a place for congregational prayers, reading the Qur'an and so on, and other institutions that color the orders of the khulafaurrasyidin also establish a kuttab which is next to the mosque then the house of the friends or scholars at that time also in the markets. When the spread of Islam became wider, the khulafaurrasyidin did not forget to also establish educational institutions in the conquered areas so that they could be enjoyed by all people. The kuttab was built next to the mosque on purpose because there are many children who often attend the mosque and of course will pollute the mosque while studying, so the kuttab is a new alternative after the mosque.
Assessment of Azotobacter chroococcum’s Ability to Produce Hydrolytic Enzymes and Enhance Growth of Vicia faba
Authors: Alsalim Hutaf A. A
Published: May 2023

A. chroococcum isolate was examined for its ability to produce the hydrolytic enzymes chitinase, pectinase, protease, and lipase, in an effort to enhance the growth of fava bean (Vicia faba). Biological experiment was conducted in pots with complete random design (CRD). The experiment includes three treatments: control (plant without treatment) (P), NPK fertilizer (plant + fertilizer) (PF), and A. chroococcum inoculum (plant + A. chroococcum) (PA). These treatments were performed with sterile and non-sterile soil, which were planted with fava beans. At the end of experiment (seven weeks from planting), length and weight of plant shoot and plant root were calculated. The results show that the isolate was able to produce chitinase, pectinase, protease, and lipase enzymes. Plant growth increased with fertilizer and A. chroococcum inoculum addition. Fertilizer treatments (PF) were the best growth indicators, with the averages of shoot length and weight, and root length and weight of 19.52 cm, 15.55 gm, 19.93 cm, and 10.52 gm respectively.  The averages of these indicators in A. chroococcum treatment (PA) were 16.4 cm, 8.85 gm, 17.52 cm, and 6.88 gm respectively. The percentages of increase caused by A. chroococcum inoculum addition (PA) in contrast with control treatment (P) were 12.83% and 34.4% in plant shoot length and weight respectively, and 60.98% and 38.99% in plant root length and weight. In general, growth indicators were higher in non-sterile than sterile soil, but these increases were not significant
Determination of Nicotine Extracted from Eggplant and Green Pepper by HPLC
Authors: Mohammed Zeinab Hashim
Published: May 2023

Nicotine was separated from eggplant and green pepper seeds (Solanaceous) by High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC).The concentration of nicotine in the eggplant extract (0.871-0.877 μg/ml) was determined by injecting standard material with 0.5 and 1.5 μg/ml, while the concentrations of nicotine in green pepper extract (0.613-0.618 μg/ml) was determined when the standard material was injected with 0.5 and 1.5 μg/ml. The qualitative chemical data was calculated from derivations of the standard material. Nicotine concentration was measured qualitatively in both extracts through the calibration curve and method of the standard addition. This technique has high accuracy and compatibility, bringing the proportion of relative recovery percentage of nicotine extracted from eggplant seeds to 95.880-103.104% and relative error of -4.119-3.104%. Relative recovery percentage   of nicotine extracted from green pepper seeds was 97.284 -103.518 % and relative error was -2.716-3.518%.
Comparison of sedation efficacy and safety between dexmedetomidine and propofol during endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography: A prospective, randomized, single-blinded trial
Authors: Zhang Wenyou , Wang Liangrong , Zhu Na , Wu Wenzhi , Liu Haiyan
Published: May 2023

What is known and objective:Propofol-balanced sedation is widely used in endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) procedures, but sedation-related adverse events (SRAEs) commonly occur. The combination of dexmedetomidine with opioids and benzodiazepines has provided effective sedation with a superlative degree of safety during different clinical scenarios. The aim of this study was to compare the sedation efficacy and safety between dexmedetomidine and propofol with a balanced administration of opioids and benzodiazepines during ERCP procedures.Methods:Forty-one patients were randomly divided into two groups, the dexmedetomidine (DEX) group and the propofol (PRO) group. As a premedication, all participants received an intravenous bolus dose of 0.02 mg·kg-1midazolam and 0.2 μg·kg-1sufentanil. Patients in the DEX group received an additional bolus of 0.6 μg·kg-1dexmedetomidine over 2 min followed by a dexmedetomidine infusion at 1.2 μg·kg-1·h-1, whereas the PRO group received 1–2 mg·kg-1propofol bolus over 30 s followed by a propofol infusion at 2–3 mg·kg-1·h-1. The primary outcome was the incidence of hypoxemia (SpO2< 90% for > 10 s) during ERCP.Results:All patients achieved the targeted sedation level on the Ramsay Sedation Scale ³ 4. When compared with the PRO group, the incidence of hypoxemia was significantly reduced in the DEX group. Respiratory depression (respiratory rate of < 10 bpm·min-1) was more frequently observed among PRO patients than DEX patients. During the procedures, endoscopists’ and patients’ satisfaction scores were comparable between groups, as were patients’ pain and amnesia scores.What is new and conclusion:Dexmedetomidine provided satisfactory sedation safety with no downstream effects on sedation efficacy when performing ERCP in comparison with propofol in combination with opioids and benzodiazepines.
Prenatal DEHP exposure induces lifelong testicular toxicity by continuously interfering with steroidogenic gene expression
Authors: Qigen Xie , Haiming Cao , Hanchao Liu , Kai Xia , Yong Gao , Zhe Xu , Chunhua Deng
Published: May 2023

Epidemiologic studiessuggested the association between prenatal Di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) exposure and disorders of sex development (DSD), adult male disorders, and reproductive aging. However, the evidence is still weak, and the underlying mechanism hasn’t been revealed. Mono-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (MEHP) is the main bioactive metabolite of DEHP. Inhibiting testosterone synthesis by interfering with steroidogenic gene expression induces testicular toxicity. So prenatal DEHP exposure may induce lifelong testicular toxicity by continuously interfering with steroidogenic gene expression. In this study, male mice underwent different doses (0, 100, 500, 1000mg/kg) of prenatal DEHP exposure, the testicular toxicity (genital development, testosterone, semen quality, and morphology of testis tissue) in the neonatal, post-puberal and middle-aged stages was observed, and the steroidogenic gene (Lhcgr, Star, Cyp11a1, Cyp17a1, Hsd17b3, and Hsd3b2) expression was analyzed by qPCR and WB. We also explored the interference of steroidogenic gene expression in TM3 Leydig cells after MEHP exposure. As a result, prenatal DEHP exposure induced lifelong testicular toxicity including instant testicular injury, DSD, and reproductive aging. The male mice with prenatal exposure manifested as poor genital development and reduced testosterone synthesis, poor semen quality, and phylogeneticseminiferous tubules, especially in the high dose (1000mg/kg). Prenatal DEHP exposure continuously interfered with steroidogenic gene expression. MEHP reduced testosterone synthesis of TM3 Leydig cells by interfering with steroidogenic gene expression. In conclusion, prenatal DEHP exposure induces lifelong testicular toxicity by continuously interfering with steroidogenic gene expression, thus indicating the association between prenatal exposure and DSD, adult male disorders, and reproductive aging.
Environmental Implication
DEHP, a widely applied plasticizer, is easily contacted by pregnant women and causes prenatal exposure of male offspring. Epidemiologic and animal studies indicate that prenatal DEHP exposure is associated with male genital malformation, as well as adult male disorders (infertility, low testosterone). Our study explores the lifelong testicular toxicity in male mice and the key role of interfering with steroidogenic gene expression on testicular toxicity following prenatal DEHP exposure. As a result, prenatal DEHP exposure induced lifelong testicular toxicity including instant testicular injury, DSD, and reproductive aging by continuously interfering with steroidogenic gene expression.
Effect of sublethals concentrations of Glyphosate-based herbicides (Roundup Active®) on skin of the tropical frog (Dendropsophus molitor)
Authors: López-Flórez Catalina , Ruíz Monica Andrea Ortíz , Gómez-Ramírez Edwin
Published: May 2023

In Colombia, glyphosate (GP) is used to control weeds, with Roundup Active® being the most widely used. This use has affected aquatic ecosystems, causing malformations in amphibians. The Savannah frog (D. molitor) is a tropical frog inhabiting the mountain of Colombia. In the present study, we determined the effect of sublethal concentrations of GP (Roundup Active®) on the skin of D. molitor. 24 tadpoles were exposed to concentrations of GP (T1: 0, T2: 1.4, T3: 3.6, and T4: 5.6 a.e mg/L) during 31 days. In 10 individuals per treatment, two skin regions were evaluated: dorsal cranial and caudal ventral to determine histopathological alterations. Morphometric analysis of the layers of the skin was performed: epidermis, dermis, and hypodermis-muscular. T1 did not present histopathological alterations. Since T2 was identified glandular cell hyperplasia and hypertrophy, increased melanophores and melanin accumulations in the highest concentrations of GP. The ultrastructure revealed an increase in excretory glands in the dermis. In the other layers, an increase of melanophores and melanocyte clusters was observed accompanied by vacuolization of basal cells. The morphometry, showed an increase in the thickness of the dermis in the dorso-cranial region in T2 compared to the other treatments, while the ventral caudal region exhibited a variation in the thickness of the dermis from T2 and a decrease in T4. Despite evaluating sublethal concentrations, the skin of D. molitor tadpoles presents histopathological, ultrastructural, and morphometric alterations that could affect the survival of the species in the natural environment.
Psychological Experiences and Travel Adversities: A Mixed-Method Study of the Regular Commuters in Traffic Congestion.
Authors: Liya Maria , Rajan Santhosh , Kenath Arun
Published: May 2023

The study investigated the psychological experiences of regular commuters in traffic congestion using a two-phase sequential exploratory mixed design. Phase-1 explored the psychological experiences of a sample of ten (4 women & 6 men) regular commuters of Bangalore’s congested roads using semi-structured interviews. Thematic analysis revealed that negative affect elicited due to travel adversities in congestion could narrow the thought-action repertoire in the commuters causing a fight-or-flight response. The fight responses could lead to negative road occurrences, intensifying traffic congestion, and travel adversities, thus creating a vicious cycle. Phase-2 statistically validated the vicious cycle, using structural equation modelling, in a sample of 190 (87 women & 103 men) commuters. The model confirmed the probability of the vicious cycle. Based on the model, we developed a mathematical model that could be used to test the non-linear relationship between the components of the vicious cycle.
An analytic hierarchy process method weighted by an improved Random Forest model considering sample optimization selection for the evaluation of landslide susceptibility
Authors: Zhang Xuedong , Xie Haoyun , Xu Zidong , Li Zhaowen , Chen Bo
Published: May 2023

Landslides often cause great losses to people, so it is important to know the extent of landslide damage to reduce the impact of disasters. Although many scholars have conducted on landslide disaster susceptibility, there are still some issues, such as an unreasonable negative sample selection strategy and an absence of subjective environmental information of the study area in a single machine learning evaluation model. Therefore, an analytic hierarchy process (AHP) method weighted by an improved Random Forest (RF) model is proposed for evaluating landslide susceptibility based on sample optimization. On the basis of density analysis of landslide data, this method employs the specific factor method (CF) to generate negative sample data. The improved RF model based on adaptive boosting (ADB_RF) is proposed to obtain objective weights, which are then combined with the subjective weights obtained by AHP. Meanwhile, a case study of the evaluation of landslide disasters is conducted in the Chuxiong Autonomous Prefecture of Yunnan Province in China. The results show: (1) The landslide susceptibility evaluation method proposed in this study can objectively reflect the area prone to landslides with high accuracy and effectiveness. (2) The area under the line of the CF-combination model reached 96.1%, indicating a high degree of accuracy. (3) In the northwest of Chuxiong Prefecture, there are a greater number of extremely high-risk areas than in the southeast, the possibility of another landslide disaster is high, which needs to be focused. The research findings have significant reference value for preventing disasters and mitigating losses.
Efficacy of preemptive analgesia with amantadine in the control of postoperative pain in cats undergoing ovariohysterectomy
Authors: Guedes Paula Elisa Brandão , Niella Raquel , Pinto Taísa Miranda , Corrêa Janaína Maria Xavier , Anjos Carolina Moreira dos , de Oliveira Jéssica Natália Silva , de Souza Sophia Saraiva , Silva Elisângela Barboza da , de Lavor Mário Sérgio Lima
Published: May 2023

Background Amantadine is effective in the treatment of nervous system disorders as it blocks NMDA receptors, showing potential as an analgesic agent by inhibiting central sensitization. The aim was to evaluate the preemptive effect of amantadine on postoperative analgesia in cats undergoing ovariohysterectomy and its influence on the physiological parameters of the treated animals. For this purpose, 20 healthy domestic cats, were divided into two sample groups with 10 animals each and referred for ovariohysterectomy. In the control group (CG) the cats orally received placebo capsules 30 minutes before the standard anesthetic protocol. In the amantadine group (AG) the animals orally received 5mg/kg of amantadine 30 minutes before the standard anesthetic protocol. The presence of adverse effects after administration of the capsule was evaluated. An intraoperative evaluation was performed at different times during the surgical procedure, assessing the following parameters: heart and respiratory rates, oxyhemoglobin saturation, end-tidal carbon dioxide, end-tidal isoflurane concentration, esophageal temperature, and systolic blood pressure. Post-surgical pain was assessed using the Visual Analog Scale and the Multidimensional Scale for the evaluation of post-operative pain in cats of the Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) – Botucatu.Results Amantadine did not influence the evaluated physiological parameters. The group that received amantadine had lower pain scores on both scales when compared to the control group and required fewer analgesic rescues.Conclusions It was concluded that the preemptive, oral administration of amantadine, at a dose of 5mg/kg, was effective in controlling postoperative pain in cats undergoing ovariohysterectomy, without causing adverse effects or alterations in the physiological patterns of the treated animals.