bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Carboxymethyl cellulose/shellac composite loaded with pomegranate extract and jojoba oil as anti-mycotic and anti-mycotoxigenic food packaging materials
Authors: Mohamed Salah A. A. , Farouk Amr , Abdel-Razek Adel G. , Nashy El-Shahat , El-Sakhawy Mohamed , Badr Ahmed Noah
Published: January 2025

Food commodities, including mycotoxins naturally produced from toxigenic fungi (pre- or post-harvest), are particularly vulnerable to contamination. The study intended to use unique bioactive composites loaded with antimicrobial constituents for food packaging. Three composite types are based on carboxymethyl cellulose/shellac (CMC/SH) and loaded with pomegranate extract (POE) with or without jojoba oil (JOE) at various concentrations. An enhancement was recorded for tensile strength and elongation at break and burst properties of the composites, where the results point out the amelioration of flexibility and elasticity with E9 (0.3/3 mg/mL of POE/JO). Moreover, E10 (0.3/1 of POE/JOE) content had higher phenolic and flavonoids, with significant antioxidants and the best antimicrobial and anti-mycotoxigenic activity. Six higher antimicrobial composites were chosen for corn seed coating applications in a simulated experiment of toxigenic fungal contamination, where the results recommend E10 as the best formula for packaging application. The E10 was characterized for emulsion stability, particle size, zeta potential, pH, PDI, and acidity that were recorded at 88.16 ± 2.87%, 54.81 nm, 38.74 mV, 6.34 ± 0.54, 31.12 ± 1.02, and 6.02 ± 0.34 mg/L, respectively. The in-silico study revealed that ellagic acid and hesperidin in POE extract, erucic and oleic acids in JOE, and shellac had the highest binding free energies against the vital enzymes involved in bactericidal/bacteriostatic effects and the aflatoxin bio synthetic mechanism.
Unveiling the potential anticancer activity of Spirulina maxima extract-nanoemulsion through in vitro and in vivo studies
Authors: Hussein Mohammed Yasser , Nasr Merna , Emad Veronia , Maged Julie , George Portia , Emad Amina , Badr Abeer Mahmoud , El-Naggar Mehrez E. , Abdo Sayeda M. , Hussein Jihan
Published: January 2025

Being the second leading cause of death globally, cancer has been a long-standing and rapidly evolving focus of biomedical research and practice in the world. Recently, there has been growing interest in cyanobacteria. This focus is particularly evident in developing innovative anticancer treatments to reduce reliance on traditional chemotherapy. This study investigates the anticancer potential of the Spirulina maxima extract nanoemulsion (SMNE) technique to improve the delivery, stability, and solubility of the S. maxima extract (SME). SMNE, prepared in three concentrations (SMNEC1, SMNEC2, SMNEC3), was characterized and confirmed to successfully load SME into silica-coated nanoparticles. Cytotoxicity tests on HepG2 and MCF-7 cell lines revealed a significant reduction in cell viability after 48-hour SMNE treatment, with IC50 values of 1488 µg/mL and 1721.936 µg/mL, respectively. SMNE also demonstrated efficacy in inhibiting tumor growth in mice with Ehrlich ascites carcinoma, normalizing alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels, and reducing oxidative stress markers such as catalase (CAT) and malondialdehyde (MDA). Histopathological examination showed that SMNEC3-treated groups had almost normal liver architecture. Additionally, SMNE downregulated oncogenic miR-221-3p and miR-222-3p, activating cancer suppression genes p27 and PTEN. The study concludes that SMNE, with its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties and ability to modulate key miRNAs, enhances SME delivery and shows promise as an effective cancer treatment.
Two-stage multi-objective framework for optimal operation of modern distribution network considering demand response program
Authors: Elshenawy Mohamed R. , Mohamed Abdalla , Ali A. A. , Mosa Magdi A.
Published: January 2025

To improve the inadequate reliability of the grid that has led to a worsening energy crisis and environmental issues, comprehensive research on new clean renewable energy and efficient, cost-effective, and eco-friendly energy management technologies is essential. This requires the creation of advanced energy management systems to enhance system reliability and optimize efficiency. Demand-side energy management systems are a superior solution for multiple reasons. Firstly, they empower consumers to actively oversee and regulate their energy consumption, resulting in substantial cost savings by minimizing usage during peak hours and enhancing overall efficiency. The Demand Response Program (DRP) and optimal power sharing have gained significant attention to provide technical and economic benefits, while they require an efficient operation framework. Therefore, a two-stage framework is proposed for multi-objective operation of a distribution network with several generation resources. The first stage applies DRP to maximize the distribution network operator’s (DNO) profit by optimizing common incentive rate for all consumers participate in DRP and an individual curtailed power for each consumer. In addition to an individual incentive rate for each consumer participates in DRP which is a new solution in the field of demand side management. The second stage achieves optimal power sharing among generation resources, while considering multiple objectives and incorporating the modified load of the first stage. The multi-objective problem is formulated to reduce energy losses, voltage deviation, total operational cost, gas emissions, and maximize the voltage stability index. The problem is optimized using a combination of the technique for order of preference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS) and the elephant herding optimization (EHO) technique. The framework is validated using a modified IEEE 33-bus that incorporates photovoltaic system, diesel generators, and wind generation system. The proposed framework based on an individual incentive rate DRP provides superior response compared to common incentive rate DRP which reduces the total energy losses by 38.13%, reduces the total generation cost by 9.468%, and reduces the emission by 5.9%.
Polycystic ovary syndrome negatively affects sexual function and lower urinary tract symptoms in syrian women: a case-control study
Authors: Alshiekh Ali , Hadakie Rana , Al Kurdi M Fadi , sukkar Luna , Alhalabi Marwan , Hamed Hamoud
Published: January 2025

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most prevalent endocrine disorder in women of reproductive age worldwide, and its related features like obesity, mental health issues and hyperandrogenism may contribute to inadequately investigated health problems such as sexual dysfunction (SD) and lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS). Therefore, this study examined the impact of PCOS on sexual function (SF) and lower urinary tract in Syrian women by recruiting a total of 178 women of reproductive age, of whom 88 were diagnosed with PCOS according to the Rotterdam criteria and 90 without PCOS were considered as the control group. Female sexual function index (FSFI) and Bristol Female Lower Urinary Tract Symptom Questionnaire (BFLUTS) were used to assess SF and LUTS respectively. PCOS group had higher SD prevalence compared to control group (65.9% vs 48.9%, p = 0.016), and BMI showed an inverse correlation with the total FSFI score in PCOS group (p = 0.027, r = -0.235). Furthermore, PCOS group exhibited significantly lower scores in orgasm and satisfaction subdomains. Additionally, PCOS patients had significantly higher total BFLUTS score compared to control group (median 8 vs 5, p = 0.025). Thus, PCOS may be related to SD and LUTS, highlighting the importance of evaluating SF and urinary symptoms in PCOS patients.
Data-driven strategies to improve nitrogen use efficiency of rice farming in South Asia
Authors: Coggins Sam , McDonald Andrew J. , Silva João Vasco , Urfels Anton , Nayak Hari Sankar , Sherpa Sonam Rinchen , Jat Mangi Lal , Jat Hanuman Sahay , Krupnik Tim , Kumar Virender , Malik Ram. K. , Sapkota Tek B. , Nayak Amaresh Kumar , Craufurd Peter
Published: January 2025

Increasing nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) in agricultural production mitigates climate change, limits water pollution and reduces fertilizer subsidy costs. Nevertheless, strategies for increasing NUE without jeopardizing food security are uncertain in globally important cropping systems. Here we analyse a novel dataset of more than 31,000 farmer fields spanning the Terai of Nepal, Bangladesh’s floodplains and four major rice-producing regions of India. Results indicate that 55% of rice farmers overuse nitrogen fertilizer, and hence the region could save 18 kg of nitrogen per hectare without compromising rice yield. Disincentivizing this excess nitrogen application presents the most impactful pathway for increasing NUE. Addressing yield constraints unrelated to crop nutrition can also improve NUE, most promisingly through earlier transplanting and improving water management, and this secondary pathway was overlooked in the IPCC’s 2022 report on climate change mitigation. Combining nitrogen input reduction with changes to agronomic management could increase rice production in South Asia by 8% while reducing environmental pollution from nitrogen fertilizer, measured as nitrogen surplus, by 36%. Even so, opportunities to improve NUE vary within South Asia, which necessitates sub-regional strategies for sustainable nitrogen management.
RHEB neddylation by the UBE2F-SAG axis enhances mTORC1 activity and aggravates liver tumorigenesis
Authors: Zhang Fengwu , Xiong Xiufang , Li Zhijian , Wang Haibo , Wang Weilin , Zhao Yongchao , Sun Yi
Published: January 2025

Small GTPase RHEB is a well-known mTORC1 activator, whereas neddylation modifies cullins and non-cullin substrates to regulate their activity, subcellular localization and stability. Whether and how RHEB is subjected to neddylation modification remains unknown. Here, we report that RHEB is a substrate of NEDD8-conjugating E2 enzyme UBE2F. In cell culture, UBE2F depletion inactivates mTORC1, inhibiting cell cycle progression, cell growth and inducing autophagy. Mechanistically, UBE2F cooperates with E3 ligase SAG in neddylation of RHEB at K169 to enhance its lysosome localization and GTP-binding affinity. Furthermore, liver-specific Ube2f knockout attenuates steatosis and tumorigenesis induced by Pten loss in an mTORC1-dependent manner, suggesting a causal role of UBE2F in liver tumorigenesis. Finally, UBE2F expression levels and mTORC1 activity correlate with patient survival in hepatocellular carcinoma. Collectively, our study identifies RHEB as neddylation substrate of the UBE2F-SAG axis, and highlights the UBE2F-SAG axis as a potential target for the treatment of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and hepatocellular carcinoma.
Two FAM134B isoforms differentially regulate ER dynamics during myogenesis
Authors: Buonomo Viviana , Lohachova Kateryna , Reggio Alessio , Cano-Franco Sara , Cillo Michele , Santorelli Lucia , Venditti Rossella , Polishchuk Elena , Peluso Ivana , Brunello Lorene , Cirillo Carmine , Petrosino Sara , Silva Malan , De Cegli Rossella , Di Bartolomeo Sabrina , Gargioli Cesare , Swuec Paolo , Cortese Mirko , Stolz Alexandra , Bhaskara Ramachandra M , Grumati Paolo
Published: January 2025

Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) plasticity and ER-phagy are intertwined processes essential for maintaining ER dynamics. We investigated the interplay between two isoforms of the ER-phagy receptor FAM134B in regulating ER remodeling in differentiating myoblasts. During myogenesis, the canonical FAM134B1 is degraded, while its isoform FAM134B2 is transcriptionally upregulated. The switch, favoring FAM134B2, is an important regulator of ER morphology during myogenesis. FAM134B2 partial reticulon homology domain, with its rigid conformational characteristics, enables efficient ER reshaping. FAM134B2 action increases in the active phase of differentiation leading to ER restructuring via ER-phagy, which then reverts to physiological levels when myotubes are mature and the ER is reorganized. Knocking out both FAM134B isoforms in myotubes results in an aberrant proteome landscape and the formation of dilated ER structures, both of which are rescued by FAM134B2 re-expression. Our results underscore how the fine-tuning of FAM134B isoforms and ER-phagy orchestrate the ER dynamics during myogenesis providing insights into the molecular mechanisms governing ER homeostasis in muscle cells.
A multiplex method for rapidly identifying viral protease inhibitors
Authors: Hong Seo Jung , Resnick Samuel J , Iketani Sho , Cha Ji Won , Albert Benjamin Alexander , Fazekas Christopher T , Chang Ching-Wen , Liu Hengrui , Dagan Shlomi , Abagyan Michael R , Fajtová Pavla , Culbertson Bruce , Brace Brooklyn , Reddem Eswar R , Forouhar Farhad , Glickman J Fraser , Balkovec James M , Stockwell Brent R , Shapiro Lawrence , O’Donoghue Anthony J , Sabo Yosef , Freundlich Joel S , Ho David D , Chavez Alejandro
Published: January 2025

With current treatments addressing only a fraction of pathogens and new viral threats constantly evolving, there is a critical need to expand our existing therapeutic arsenal. To speed the rate of discovery and better prepare against future threats, we establish a high-throughput platform capable of screening compounds against 40 diverse viral proteases simultaneously. This multiplex approach is enabled by using cellular biosensors of viral protease activity combined with DNA-barcoding technology, as well as several design innovations that increase assay sensitivity and correct for plate-to-plate variation. Among >100,000 compound-target interactions explored within our initial screen, a series of broad-acting inhibitors against coronavirus proteases were uncovered and validated through orthogonal assays. A medicinal chemistry campaign was performed to improve one of the inhibitor’s potency while maintaining its broad activity. This work highlights the power of multiplex screening to efficiently explore chemical space at a fraction of the time and costs of previous approaches.
Macrophage-induced enteric neurodegeneration leads to motility impairment during gut inflammation
Authors: Breßer Mona , Siemens Kevin D , Schneider Linda , Lunnebach Jonah E , Leven Patrick , Glowka Tim R , Oberländer Kristin , De Domenico Elena , Schultze Joachim L , Schmidt Joachim , Kalff Jörg C , Schneider Anja , Wehner Sven , Schneider Reiner
Published: January 2025

Current studies pictured the enteric nervous system and macrophages as modulators of neuroimmune processes in the inflamed gut. Expanding this view, we investigated the impact of enteric neuron–macrophage interactions on postoperative trauma and subsequent motility disturbances, i.e., postoperative ileus. In the early postsurgical phase, we detected strong neuronal activation, followed by transcriptional and translational signatures indicating neuronal death and synaptic damage. Simultaneously, our study revealed neurodegenerative profiles in macrophage-specific transcriptomes after postoperative trauma. Validating the role of resident and monocyte-derived macrophages, we depleted macrophages by CSF-1R-antibodies and used CCR2−/− mice, known for reduced monocyte infiltration, in POI studies. Only CSF-1R-antibody-treated animals showed decreased neuronal death and lessened synaptic decay, emphasizing the significance of resident macrophages. In human gut samples taken early and late during abdominal surgery, we substantiated the mouse model data and found reactive and apoptotic neurons and dysregulation in synaptic genes, indicating a species’ overarching mechanism. Our study demonstrates that surgical trauma activates enteric neurons and induces neurodegeneration, mediated by resident macrophages, introducing neuroprotection as an option for faster recovery after surgery.
Encapsulation of biomimetic nanozymes in MOF matrices as peroxidase mimetics for sensitive detection of l-cysteine
Authors: Zhang Shaohong , Zhang Ran , Li Minzi , Wang Hongying , Wang Zhijuan
Published: January 2025

An FH/hemin@ZIF-8 nanozyme has been successfully synthesized by encapsulation of Fmoc-histidine (FH)/hemin in ZIF-8, which was used to sensitively detect l-cysteine with good stability and high activity.
A review of uranium (U) elemental detection methods
Authors: Yu Xiang , Su Xuebin , Wang Zhe , Hou Zongyu , Li Boping
Published: January 2025

The application of various analytical techniques in uranium detection was reviewed and the sample states applicable to these methods were analyzed. This paper provides a reference for the selection of uranium detection techniques.
Multilayered organosiloxane films with self-healing ability converted from block copolymer nanocomposites
Authors: Miyamoto Yoshiaki , Matsuno Takamichi , Shimojima Atsushi
Published: January 2025

Multilayered bridged silsesquioxane–polydimethylsiloxane films with crack-healing ability are prepared by thermal conversion of nanocomposite films containing poly(ethylene oxide)–polydimethylsiloxane–poly(ethylene oxide) block copolymers.
Efficient photothermal catalytic methane dry reforming over rich oxygen vacancy catalysts
Authors: Meng Lingxin , Jia Yuteng , Wu Shaowen
Published: January 2025

High fuel production rate for H2 and CO (76.2 and 99.1 mmol min−1 g−1, respectively) and excellent durability (50 h) are achieved by photothermal catalytic DRM on Ni/La2O3 merely using focused ultraviolet-visible-infrared illumination.
Synthesis, structures, and optical properties of N-heterocycle and amino acid ester-coordinated B3H7
Authors: Chen Xi-Meng , Chi Jing-Xian , Li Yin-Yin , Ge Yi-Wen , Wang Peng , Wang Hongju , Jiang Kai , Ma Yan-Na , Chen Xuenian
Published: January 2025

Starting from NMe4[B3H8], various N-Het·B3H7 and AAE·B3H7 complexes have been synthesized under mild conditions with moderate to high yields, and the optical properties of the representative products have been preliminarily studied.
Synthesis and characterization of isostructural annulated actinocenes
Authors: Russo Dominic R. , Branson Jacob A. , Kelly Sheridon N. , Sen Asmita , Gunther S. Olivia , Peterson Appie , Smith Patrick W. , Ouellette Erik T. , Arnold John , Autschbach Jochen , Minasian Stefan G.
Published: January 2025

An isostructural series of four annulated actinocene complexes, M(hdcCOT)2 (M = Th, U, Np, Pu), are reported.
Mutual suppression of Mn3O4 and SiOx in an innovative anode design for enhanced cycling stability
Authors: Li Miao , Ouyang Quan , Yao Kai , Wang Yaowen , Ma Mingwei , Fu Shilong , Zhao Xu , Li Guangshe , Li Liping
Published: January 2025

Ultra-fine SiOx@C/Mn3O4 composite achieves an enhanced cycle stability due to the mutually suppressed volume expansion between the SiOx and the Mn3O4.
Intermolecular interaction mechanism for ionic liquids based on quaternary phosphonium cations with different symmetries using dielectric and spectroscopic analyses
Authors: Matsumoto Mitsuhiro , Takeuchi Kazuki , Inoue Yohtaro , Tsuchida Yusuke , Tsunashima Katsuhiko , Yamada Hirohisa
Published: January 2025

Phosphonium cation-based ionic liquids with different symmetry were investigated using spectroscopic techniques with different time frequency and were discussed their unique ion dynamics and structures together with their physicochemical properties.
Stack bonding in pentacene and its derivatives
Authors: Bayse Craig A.
Published: January 2025

π-Stacking interactions in derivatives of pentacene are explored from the perspective of the stack bond order to interpret the conformational preferences of these molecules important for organic electronics.
On peptide bond formation from protonated glycine dimers in the gas phase: computational insight into the role of protonation
Authors: Lavy Léo , Comte Denis , Calvo Florent , Farizon Bernadette , Farizon Michel , Märk Tilmann D.
Published: January 2025

Peptide bond formation from the pure protonated glycine dimer, H+(Gly)2, and from the mixed protonated glycine–diglycine dimer, H+Gly2(Gly), is examined by means of quantum chemical calculations focusing on the role played by the protonation site.
Unravelling the deactivation of CuZnO-based catalysts at the industrial scale: a micro to macro scale perspective
Authors: Santos Vera P. , Tocha Ewa , Yang Jin , McAdon Mark , Schmidt Carla , Leadley Stuart , Yancey David , van Bloois Stefan , Depicker Joost , Naik Swati , Bui Linh , Bhandari Saurabh , Grohol Daniel , Barton David G.
Published: January 2025

Minimizing pressure drop is essential for high productivity, energy efficiency, and catalyst longevity in hydrogenation reactors, shown in a downflow adiabatic reactor with corresponding inlet and outlet temperatures.
A novel approach to protein chemical shift prediction from sequences using a protein language model
Authors: Zhu He , Hu Lingyue , Yang Yu , Chen Zhong
Published: January 2025

A chemical shift prediction method based on a protein language model is presented, requiring only protein sequences as input.
Structural-morphological insights into optimization of hydrothermally synthesized MoSe2 nanoflowers for improving supercapacitor applications
Authors: Yadav Poonam , Yadav Rohit , Pani Jitesh , Singh Ram Mehar , Singh Davender , Kumari Kusum , Borkar Hitesh , Gangwar Jitendra
Published: January 2025

Present work reports an improved hydrothermal methodology for synthesis of MoSe2 nanoflowers (MNFs) at 210 °C (±10 °C). Maximum specific capacitance of 284.8 F g−1 at 5 mV s−1 scan rate indicating the MNFs as an electrode material for supercapacitors.
A Cd-based crystalline network material: catalytic properties and post-synthetic metal-ion metathesis with enhanced stability and gas sorption behaviour
Authors: Das Chhatan , Misra Arunava , Mondal Mohabul Alam , Mahata Partha
Published: January 2025

A Cd(ii) based network material was synthesized and its structure was determined by XRD. This compound showed metal ion metathesis and catalytic behaviour towards the aza-Michael addition of α,β-unsaturated olefins to nucleophilic amines.
The matere bond
Authors: Gomila Rosa M. , Frontera Antonio
Published: January 2025

This article explores matere bonds, supported by theoretical and computational studies. These σ-hole interactions with group 7 elements (Mn, Tc, Re) are key in crystal engineering, catalysis, and biological systems.
Anionic modulation induces molecular polarity in a three-component crown ether system
Authors: Liu Feiyan , Chen Guoyong , Liu Xiao , Jiang Ting , Guo Wenjing , Li Xiancai , Wei Zhenhong
Published: January 2025

We synthesized two novel host-guest crown ether molecules [(PTFMA)(15-crown-5)ClO4] (1) and [(PTFMA)(15-crown-5)PF6] (2). Compound 1 transitioned from a non-centrosymmetric space group to a centrosymmetric one.
Catalysis activity and chemoselectivity control with the trans ligand in Ru–H pincer complexes
Authors: Halder Mita , Castillo Cardenas Diana , Chartouni Angela M. , Culver Damien B.
Published: January 2025

We found that σ-donating ligands trans to the Ru–H in pincer cations improve catalytic activity and functional group tolerance for the transfer hydrogenation of ketones.
Modulating the solvation structure to enhance amorphous solid electrolyte interface formation for ultra-stable aqueous zinc anode
Authors: Zeng Guifang , Sun Qing , Horta Sharona , Martínez-Alanis Paulina R. , Wu Peng , Li Jing , Wang Shang , Ibáñez Maria , Tian Yanhong , Ci Lijie , Cabot Andreu
Published: January 2025

Zn(CF3COO)2 promotes the dual reduction of anions to fluoride and sulfide, forming an amorphous hybrid solid electrolyte interface (SEI). This SEI significantly benefits the plating/stripping of Zn anode and thereby improves the battery performance.
Nanobiotechnology approaches for the remediation of persistent and emerging organic pollutants: strategies, interactions, and effectiveness
Authors: Andrada Suarez E. Ezequiel , Roca Jalil M. Eugenia , Fernandez Baldo Martin A. , Cuozzo Sergio A.
Published: January 2025

Nanobioremediation systems harness microbial versatility with synthetic and natural nanomaterials to efficiently remove hazardous contaminants, offering a sustainable and effective approach through novel technologies for environmental protection.
Rapid microfluidic perfusion system enables controlling dynamics of intracellular pH regulated by Na+/H+ exchanger NHE1
Authors: Tran Quang D. , Bouret Yann , Noblin Xavier , Jarretou Gisèle , Counillon Laurent , Poët Mallorie , Cohen Céline
Published: January 2025

Microfluidic perfusion system enables dynamic transition of intracellular pH.
Unusual emission from non-conjugated simple amines triggered by a micelle and its influencing factors: mimicking the GFP model
Authors: Lan Shuai , Zhang ChenSa , Li YuLin , Shen Sibo , Wang Dongjun , Niu Kui
Published: January 2025

Mimic the emissive mechanism of green fluorescent protein (GFP) by using chemical reagents.
Co3O4@Co9S8 nanowires as a tandem catalyst for efficient electrochemical reduction of nitrate to ammonia
Authors: Jiang Wenbin , Leng Yanqiu , Song Lei , Zhao Dan , Zhao Jinxiu , Ren Xiang , Wei Qin
Published: January 2025

Co3O4@Co9S8/NF attains an NH3 yield rate and Faraday efficiency of up to 538.09 μmol h−1 cm−2 and 85.88% at −1.1 V versus reversible hydrogen electrode in 0.1 M Na2SO4 electrolyte with 0.01 M NaNO3.
Pyrimido[5,4-e]azolo[1,5-a]pyrimidines and pyrimido[4,5-e][1,2,4]triazolo[5,1-c][1,2,4]triazines: one-pot multi-component synthesis and cytotoxic activity
Authors: Bersneva Eva V. , Savateev Konstantin V. , Slepukhin Pavel A. , Melekhin Vsevolod V. , Tokhtueva Maria D. , Rusinov Vladimir L.
Published: January 2025

A one-pot multi-component method for pyrimidoazoloazines was developed by the reaction of vicinal amino-nitrile/ester azoloazines with “AcOH–RC(OEt)3–amine”. A plausible mechanism was proposed and cytotoxicity of pyrimidoazoloazines was studied.
Removable dialkoxybenzyl linker for enhanced HPLC purification of peptide hydrazides
Authors: Sato Kohei , Yamamoto Takaya , Narumi Tetsuo , Mase Nobuyuki
Published: January 2025

A dialkoxybenzyl linker for the synthesis of peptide hydrazides, with a selective cleavage property, enhances HPLC purification efficiency.
Bifunctional CuNi-x nano-alloys for electrocatalytic nitrate reduction and HPAM oxidation coupling reactions
Authors: Qi Lijie , Fu Yu , Ji Borui , Sarsenbekuly Bauyrzhan , Kang Wanli , Yang Hongbin , Liu Shujun
Published: January 2025

Electrochemical synthesis of ammonia (NH3) through cathodic nitrate reduction presents an effective alternative to the Haber–Bosch process, enabling efficient ammonia production without significant environmental pollution.
Dual role of lone pair electron and rattling vibration in Zintl phase BaCaPb thermoelectric material
Authors: Tang Shuwei , Zhang Pengfei , Wan Da , Li Xiaodong , Ai Peng , Zhang Zhiwei , Guo Wanrong , Bai Shulin , Qi Xiuling
Published: January 2025

The synergistic role of lone pair electrons and rattling vibrations in inducing low lattice thermal conductivity and excellent thermoelectric performance in the BaCaPb compound are elucidated with a two-channel model.
Silicoaluminophosphate-seeded Al-pair-enriched low-silica CHA zeolites for enhanced Sr2+ capture
Authors: Wang Yufei , Su Haopeng , Liu Shuang , Pan Junyao , Zhang Haoyang , Ding Xue , Yan Yuxin , Jin Keyan , Wang Binyu , Yan Wenfu
Published: January 2025

Low-silica CHA zeolite with excellent Sr2+ removal performances was synthesized with SAPO-35 seed, avoiding the use of fluorides. The SAPO seed enhances the Al-pair amount in the resulting zeolite, facilitating its capability of Sr2+ removal.
Facile development of carbon nanotube (CNT)-based flexible thermoelectric materials for energy-harvesting applications
Authors: Naeem Nimra , Butt Sajid , Sumayya  , Afzal Zoha , Waseem Akram Muhammad , Irfan Muhammad , Atiq Ur Rehman Muhammad , Baluch Abrar H. , Rehman Ghufran ur , Farooq Muhammad Umer
Published: January 2025

Development process of flexible thermoelectric using multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) film: vacuum filtration of CNTs using HNO3/H2SO4, followed by hot pressing to enhance alignment, leading to improved thermoelectric properties.
Unlocking new possibility of Fe3O4@C@Ag nanostructures as an advanced SERS substrate for ultrasensitive detection of low-cross-section urea biomolecules
Authors: Mai Quan-Doan , Hanh Trang Dang Thi , Linh Dong Thi , Thanh Nguyen Trung , Nhung Bui Hanh , Van Hoang Ong , Bach Ta Ngoc , Hoa Nguyen Quang , Pham Anh-Tuan , Le Anh-Tuan
Published: January 2025

In this study, we developed an advanced Fe3O4@C@Ag nanostructure-based SERS substrate, enabling ultra-sensitive, reliable, and practical detection of the low-Raman-cross-section biomolecule, urea.
Low-temperature oxidation of ethanol to acetaldehyde over Mo-based catalysts
Authors: Liu Chunhe , Wang Xiaqing , Gao Xiujuan , Wu Yingquan , Wang Xiaoxing , Song Faen , Zhang Junfeng , Han Yizhuo , Zhang Qingde
Published: January 2025

High-efficiency conversion of ethanol to acetaldehyde at low temperatures was successfully achieved over Mo-based catalysts.
Efficient and convenient synthesis of methyl (S)-5-chloro-2-hydroxy-1-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1H-indene-2-carboxylate: a key intermediate for (S)-indoxacarb using aqueous TBHP as oxidant
Authors: Zhang Yun , Du Yao , Chen Yan-Biao , Nie Jia-Huan , Xiong Yue , Cui Bao-Dong , Mou Xue-Qing , Zhou Ming-Qiang , Chen Yong-Zheng
Published: January 2025

The work reports an improved method for the efficient, stereoselective and industrially feasible synthesis of the key intermediate for (S)-indoxacarb, which features purification by filtration, using aqueous TBHP as an oxidant and mild conditions.
Late-stage installation and functionalization of alkyl pyridiniums: a general HTE amenable strategy to access diverse aryl alanine containing macrocyclic peptides
Authors: Kekec Ahmet , Tran Lauren My-Linh , Plummer Christopher W. , Kalyani Dipannita
Published: January 2025

This manuscript describes a strategy to readily access diverse aryl and homoaryl alanine-containing pharmaceutically relevant macrocyclic peptides.
NHS-ester conjugated gold nanoparticles for spermine detection: a potential tool in meat spoilage monitoring
Authors: Gumabat Teody , Oracion Jeanne Phyre Lagare , Fedelis Jolina , Keleste Ethel , Capangpangan Rey , Sayson Noel Lito , Dumancas Gerard , Alguno Arnold , Latayada Felmer
Published: January 2025

Gold nanoparticle sensor functionalized with NHS-ester as a colorimetric sensor for spermine detection in meat spoilage. It shows a visible color shift upon spermine-induced aggregation, offering high sensitivity and a detection limit of 0.77 μM.
Impact of adsorption kinetics on the integration of temperature vacuum swing adsorption-based direct air capture (TVSA-DAC) with e-methanol production
Authors: Petersen Sebastian Bruhn , Sánchez Eliana Maria Lozano , Pedersen Thomas Helmer
Published: January 2025

In this study, we provide a detailed technical assessment of an integrated system using direct air capture based on temperature-vacuum-swing-adsorption (TVSA-DAC) as the carbon source for e-methanol production.
Nematic liquid crystal flow driven by time-varying active surface anchoring
Authors: Seyednejad Seyed Reza , Ravnik Miha
Published: January 2025

We demonstrate the generation of diverse material flow regimes in nematic liquid cells as driven by time-variable active surface anchoring, including no-net flow, oscillatory flow, steady flow, and pulsating flow.
Linking structural and rheological memory in disordered soft materials
Authors: Kamani Krutarth M. , Shim Yul Hui , Griebler James , Narayanan Suresh , Zhang Qingteng , Leheny Robert L. , Harden James L. , Deptula Alexander , Espinosa-Marzal Rosa M. , Rogers Simon A.
Published: January 2025

Hybrid rheo – X-ray photon correlation spectroscopy is used to show nanoscale structural memory can be determined by bulk recoverable strain.
Thermotropic reentrant isotropy and induced smectic antiferroelectricity in the ferroelectric nematic realm: comparing RM734 and DIO
Authors: Zhong Bingchen , Shuai Min , Chen Xi , Martinez Vikina , Korblova Eva , Glaser Matthew A. , Maclennan Joseph E. , Walba David M. , Clark Noel A.
Published: January 2025

We report the appearance of a liquid crystal phase having isotropic symmetry obtained by cooling a ferroelectric nematic with saturated polar order, a surprising new phenomen of the ferroelectric nematic realm.
Mesoscale modelling of fibrin clots: the interplay between rheology and microstructure at the gel point
Authors: Zohravi Elnaz , Moreno Nicolas , Hawkins Karl , Curtis Daniel , Ellero Marco
Published: January 2025

This study presents a numerical model for incipient fibrin-clot formation that captures characteristic rheological and microstructural features of the clot at the gel point.
Modular addition strategy-regulated polymerization-induced self-assembly: an in silico experiment
Authors: Liu Bin , Lu Hui , Guo Yuqi , Liu Hong , Zhou Tianhang , Xue Yao-Hong
Published: January 2025

We proposed a modular addition strategy-regulated polymerization-induced self-assembly system to control the self-assembly morphologies and validated it via in silico simulations on a well-established experimental system.
Enhanced dye removal and supercapacitor performance of polyethyleneimine-impregnated activated carbon derived from local eucalyptus biochar
Authors: Weerasuk Bordin , Chutimasakul Threeraphat , Prigyai Nicha , Sangtawesin Tanagorn
Published: January 2025

This study evaluated the effectiveness of low-cost eucalyptus biochar (EUBC) as a precursor for activated carbon (EUAC), for methyl orange (MO) removal and supercapacitor applications.
A hierarchically engineered polymer composite with a dual-scatter structure for enhanced passive radiative cooling
Authors: Park Hyunho , Joo Beom Soo , Kang Gumin , Ko Hyungduk , Kim Jin Hong
Published: January 2025

A nanostructured perfluoropolymer paint with high solar reflectance and selective infrared emittance has been developed, highlighting the importance of optimizing the chemical structure of polymer binder for radiative cooling.
Multi-channel wearable fiber sensors with high sensitivity for limb motion recognition
Authors: Yan Wei , Zhang Haonan , Cai Xinxin , Ma Chenbin , Ma Dongmin , Lu Hongbo , Zhang Guanglei , Song Weixing
Published: January 2025

A wearable health monitoring sensor based on flexible fibers with high sensitivity capable of detecting various limb movements and monitoring different physiological signals was developed using a coaxial co-injection capillary microfluidic device.
Biological activation of Fenton reaction in polymeric nanoreactors driven by ferrocene-containing membranes: a microenvironment dependent study
Authors: Vivancos Alejandro González , Zhou Yang , Lappan Uwe , Boye Susanne , Muñoz-Moreno Laura , Appelhans Dietmar , Moreno Silvia
Published: January 2025

Fine-tuning polymeric membrane composition of pH responsive and photo crosslinked polymersomes containing ferrocence moieties into the hydrophobic membrane.
The application of aptamers in the repair of bone, nerve, and vascular tissues
Authors: Hsu Yu-Wei , Ma Le , Tang Ye , Li Mengen , Zhou Chengkai , Geng Yan , Zhang Chenxi , Wang Tianbing , Guo Wei , Li Ming , Wang Yanhua
Published: January 2025

Schematic diagram of the application of aptamers in the repair of bone, nerve, and vascular tissues.
Formulation and evaluation of PVA-based composite hydrogels: physicochemical, leachables, and in vitro immunogenicity studies
Authors: Himawan Achmad , Korelidou Anna , Pérez-Moreno Ana M. , Paris Juan L. , Dominguez-Robles Juan , Vora Lalitkumar K. , Permana Andi Dian , Larrañeta Eneko , Graham Robert , Scott Christopher J. , Donnelly Ryan F.
Published: January 2025

Leachable-free PVA hydrogels with chitosan and PVP were developed via acid thermal crosslinking, showing distinct chemical structures but retaining parent materials’ biocompatibility and non-immunogenicity.
A smart cascade theranostic prodrug system activated by hydrogen peroxide for podophyllotoxin delivery
Authors: Wu Chengcheng , Wei Haopai , Shi Suntao , Wang Zhiyuan , Zhang Zhibin , Osama Alsiddig , Wu Jiang , Zhang Haijuan , Zhang Baoxin
Published: January 2025

The construction of selectively activated prodrugs serves as a crucial strategy for reducing the adverse effects associated with disease treatment.
A dendritic drug–drug conjugate self-assembled hypoxia-responsive supramolecular nanoparticle for combination therapy
Authors: Ling Tianlong , Huang Xiaogang , Xie Yu , Zheng Liangshun , Ding Yue , Du Chang , Chen Jianjun
Published: January 2025

Based on a dendritic drug–drug conjugate, a hypoxia-responsive supramolecular nanoparticle SN@IR806-CB was constructed via the synergy of π–π stacking interaction, host–guest complexation, and hydrophobic interactions for synergistic therapies.
Recent advances in multi-field manipulations of the metal–insulator transition in correlated vanadium oxides enabling interdisciplinary applications
Authors: Zhou Xuanchi
Published: January 2025

This review systematically summarizes the multi-field manipulations of the metal–insulator transition in correlated vanadium oxides, focusing on their phase transition mechanisms, advantages, and interdisciplinary applications.
What Matters When Providing Conversational Recast Treatment? A Multilevel Modeling Analysis
Authors: Choi-Tucci Alexander , Sachs Alyssa , Burton Rebecca , Vance Rebecca , Plante Elena
Published: January 2025

Purpose:

Conversational recasting treatment is generally effective. However, different versions of this treatment and different targets may yield different outcomes for children. Here, we directly compare multiple variations of conversational recasting to determine how modifications to delivery and target impact treatment outcomes.

Method:

Using Bayesian hierarchical linear mixed modeling, we compared outcome data from 141 children with developmental language disorder (DLD) across 10 versions of recast treatment compared with enhanced conversational recast treatment (a version that incorporates linguistic variability and attentional cues). We also compared data from a subset of 132 children treated for one of five morphological targets to determine the relative difficulty of learning each target.

Results:

Results suggest that seven of the 10 treatment conditions resulted in an average decrease in generalization probe performance relative to enhanced conversational recasting alone. These conditions resulted in probe performance that was between 47% and 84% worse than performance of children who received enhanced conversational recasting with no variations. The remaining three conditions were no better or worse than enhanced conversational recasting. One treatment target was easier to remediate, while the other four were no easier or harder to acquire through treatment.

Conclusions:

These results suggest that different variations of conversational recasting facilitate or diminish learning by children with DLD and that clinicians' attention to the form and structure of treatment delivery is necessary to implement best practice for this treatment method. In contrast, clinicians may have more flexibility when selecting targets.

Supplemental Material:

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.28055207
Short-Term Effects of Semi-Occluded Vocal Tract Therapy on the Phonation of Children With Vocal Fold Nodules: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Adriaansen Anke , Meerschman Iris , Van Lierde Kristiane , Claeys Sofie , Ma Estella P.-M. , Kissel Imke , Papeleu Tine , D'haeseleer Evelien
Published: January 2025

Purpose:

The aim was to determine and compare the short-term effects of two intensive semi-occluded vocal tract (SOVT) programs, “straw phonation” (SP) and “resonant voice therapy” (RVT), on the phonation of children with vocal fold nodules.

Method:

A pretest–posttest randomized controlled study design was used. Thirty children aged 6–12 years were randomly assigned to the SP group (
n
= 11), RVT group (
n
= 11), or control group receiving indirect treatment (
n
= 8) for their voice problems. All participants received 11 hr of group voice therapy over four consecutive days. A multidimensional voice assessment consisting of both objective (dysphonia severity index and acoustic voice quality index) and subjective (pediatric voice handicap index and perceptual rating of overall severity) measures was performed pre- and posttherapy. Voice therapy effectiveness was evaluated using group-level analyses (linear mixed models) and individual-level analyses to investigate what proportion of participants changed to a clinically relevant degree.

Results:

Group-level analyses found no significant Time × Group interactions, indicating that the evolution over time did not differ among the three groups. Within-group effects of time showed a significant and equal improvement in dysphonia severity index in the SP and RVT groups and a significant improvement in perceptual rating of overall severity in the SP group. For dysphonia severity index, individual-level analyses showed that 36% and 45% of participants improved to a clinically relevant degree in the SP and RVT groups, respectively. For acoustic voice quality index, 38% improved to a clinically relevant degree in the SP group.

Conclusions:

Results suggest that short-term intensive SOVT programs may have a positive effect on voice quality and vocal capacities of children with vocal fold nodules. Participants seem to benefit more from a SP program than a RVT program.
Random Strip Peeling: A novel lightweight image encryption for IoT devices based on colour planes permutation
Authors: İnce Kenan , İnce Cemile , Hanbay Davut
Published: January 2025

This paper introduces a novel lightweight colour image encryption algorithm, specifically designed for resource‐constrained environments such as Internet of Things (IoT) devices. As IoT systems become increasingly prevalent, secure and efficient data transmission becomes crucial. The proposed algorithm addresses this need by offering a robust yet resource‐efficient solution for image encryption. Traditional image encryption relies on confusion and diffusion steps. These stages are generally implemented linearly, but this work introduces a new RSP (Random Strip Peeling) algorithm for the confusion step, which disrupts linearity in the lightweight category by using two different sequences generated by the 1D Tent Map with varying initial conditions. The diffusion stage then employs an XOR matrix generated by the Logistic Map. Different evaluation metrics, such as entropy analysis, key sensitivity, statistical and differential attacks resistance, and robustness analysis demonstrate the proposed algorithm's lightweight, robust, and efficient. The proposed encryption scheme achieved average metric values of 99.6056 for NPCR, 33.4397 for UACI, and 7.9914 for information entropy in the SIPI image dataset. It also exhibits a time complexity of for an image of size .
Travelling wave‐based fault detection and location in a real low‐voltage DC microgrid
Authors: Paruthiyil Sajay Krishnan , Bidram Ali , Aparicio Miguel Jimenez , Hernandez‐Alvidrez Javier , Dow Andrew R. R. , Reno Matthew J. , Bauer Daniel
Published: January 2025

This paper discusses a device‐level implementation of a travelling wave (TW) protection device (PD) designed for a real low‐voltage DC microgrid. The TWPD fault detection and location algorithm is executed on a commercial digital signal processor (DSP) board, involving signal sampling at 1 MHz via the DSP board's analog‐to‐digital converter (ADC). The analogue input card measures positive pole, negative pole and pole‐to‐pole voltages at the TWPD location. Upon a successful fault detection using a second‐order high‐pass filter, the voltage data is normalised and multi‐resolution analysis (MRA) is performed on a 128‐sample buffer around the TW arrival time. MRA employs the discrete wavelet transform (DWT) to capture high‐frequency voltage patterns, and then the Parseval's energy theorem quantifies these TW characteristics by computing the energy of reconstructed wavelet coefficients. These energy values per decomposed frequency band are the basis for training a random forest classifier that predicts fault location and type. The TWPD is fully implemented and connected to a real DC microgrid in Albuquerque, NM, USA, for validation, and results are shown for field tests verifying the performance under faults.
Yields from massive stars in binaries
Authors: Pepe E. , Palla M. , Matteucci F. , Spitoni E.
Published: January 2025

A large fraction of massive stars in the Galaxy reside in binary systems and their evolution is different from that of single stars. The yields of massive stars, which produce the majority of the metals in the Universe, could therefore be affected by the binary nature of the systems. However, very few studies have explored the effects of massive interacting binaries on the chemical evolution of the Milky Way. Recently, new grids of yields have been computed for single and binary-stripped massive stars with solar chemical composition. The main purpose of the present study is to test whether the results from these yields agree with models of the chemical evolution of Galactic stars. To this end, we adopted well-tested chemical evolution models for the Milky Way disk, implementing these yields for both single and binary-stripped massive stars. In particular, we assume different percentages of massive binary systems within the initial mass function. We computed the evolution of 22 chemical species starting from 4He to 64Zn, including CNO, α-elements, and Fe-peak elements. Our main results can be summarized as follows: (i) When adopting the new computed yields, large differences are found relative to the solar abundances predicted by chemical evolution models that adopt “standard” massive star yields from the literature for 12C, 14N, 24Mg, 39K, 40Ca, 55Mn, and 59Co. Generally, the yields for single stars reproduce the observed solar abundances slightly better, although for several elements a large fraction of binaries helps to reproduce the observations. (ii) Using different fractions of massive binaries (from 50% to 100%) leads to negligible differences in the predicted solar abundances, whereas these differences are more marked between models with and without binary-stripped stellar yields. (iii) Regarding [X/Fe] versus [Fe/H] relations, the yields including massive stars in binaries produce the best agreement with observational data for 52Cr, while for 12C, 39K, 40Ca, and 24Mg the best agreement with observational data are obtained with Farmer’s yields with no binaries.
New insights into the proton precipitation sites in solar flares
Authors: Battaglia Andrea Francesco , Krucker Säm
Published: January 2025

Aims. We revisit the Reuven Ramaty High Energy Solar Spectrocopy Imager (RHESSI) γ-ray observations of the extraordinary GOES X25 flare SOL2003-10-28T11:10 to investigate previously reported conclusions that flare-accelerated electrons and protons precipitate along spatially separated flare loops.

Methods. In contrast to previous works that reconstructed 2.223 MeV images over extended time periods (∼20 minutes), we selected shorter integration times on the order of 2 to 3 minutes. Using simulations of the 2.223 MeV profile in combination with observations of the prompt γ-ray lines from the INTEGRAL mission, we obtained two separated integration time ranges representing the peak of the flare and the start of the decay, respectively. The resulting γ-ray images were then compared to GONG white-light (WL) observations to identify where along the flaring ribbons electron and proton precipitation occurs.

Results. We point out that previously reported results comparing RHESSI hard X-ray (HXR) and γ-ray images only hold if the relative time evolution in the two energy ranges is the same. As the decay time for the October 28, 2003, flare is different at the two energy ranges considered (200–300 keV and around 2.223 MeV), the previously published conclusion that electrons and protons precipitate at different locations is an overstatement. Using shorter integration times reveals that the γ-ray and HXR sources spatially coincide with the WL flare ribbons.

Conclusions. Our key conclusion is that electron and proton precipitation sites coincide with the flare ribbons, suggesting that the electron and proton precipitation sites are the same, at least within RHESSI’s imaging capabilities. This result solves the 20-year-long mystery surrounding the different previously reported electron and proton precipitation sites.