bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The rights of children and adolescents: a study from the regulations in the Ecuadorian context
Authors: Fernández Rodríguez Martha María , Abreu Fernández José Pablo , Fonseca Montoya Somaris , Granizo Coloma Magalis
Published: June 2024

The rights of children and adolescents in Ecuador are supported by various legal and regulatory sources, such as the Constitution, international treaties, the Code of Children and Adolescents, and the LOEI, among others. However, the effective application of these provisions is limited, which does not guarantee the well-being and comprehensive development of this population. This article is the result of the diagnosis of the research project “Quality of the educational process”, carried out by students and teachers of the Basic Education program at the Instituto Superior Espíritu Santos in Guayaquil. Its objective is to characterize the current state of the rights of children and adolescents in Ecuador; revealing a series of challenges and problems that affect them. One of the most violated rights in the country is access to quality and warmth education, due to socioeconomic inequality, the precariousness of educational infrastructure, discrimination and social exclusion, which affects school dropouts and affects their integral development. Furthermore, child labor, violence and child abuse are major concerns that require urgent attention and preventive measures. This study follows a qualitative methodology, it is a descriptive research, based on a bibliographic review and the use of various scientific methods. Concluding that, despite the solid legal basis in Ecuador, full compliance with the rights of children and adolescents, and their comprehensive development are not achieved consistently and efficiently in practice.
Construction of a conceptual framework on Influencer Marketing based on a literature review
Authors: Gavilanes Gómez Nicolas
Published: June 2024

A result of the research project "Innovative Strategies in Influencer Marketing: Development and Application to Drive Business Competitiveness" is presented. It responds to a framework of essential concepts and principles on influencer marketing, based on the review and analysis of academic works; the main objective is to create a comprehensive conceptual framework that provides guidance on objectives, strategies, performance metrics and best practices in the field.  A mixed type of research was carried out, where the sample was theses and scientific papers related to the topic, literature review and bibliographic analysis were used as a technique, the instrument was the bibliographic record for data collection that allowed the creation of a conceptual framework. The conclusion of this study allows us to establish a solid conceptual framework for influencer marketing, providing a guide that will lead us to meet the general objective.
Technical specifications for the construction of a two-story building with reinforced concrete
Authors: López López Liliana Lizbeth , Pico Núñez María Fernanda , Zambrano Salazar Luis Leonardo , Yépez Intriago Ambar Carolina
Published: June 2024

The objective of this experimental work is to develop technical specifications that serve as a guide for the construction of reinforced concrete buildings. To carry out the project, technical visits were made to buildings under construction and were complemented with bibliographic research in books, codes and standards, contrasting the field information with that obtained in technical documents. Before preparing the technical specifications, architectural, structural and hydro-sanitary and electrical installation plans were obtained. With these plans, the necessary components for the construction of the home were determined, including civil works, coatings, finishes and installations. Each technical specification includes: a description, the execution procedure detailing the requirements before, during and after the completion of each component, the applicable regulations, safety measures to protect workers and the unit, materials, equipment, and labor. necessary. With this information, the unit price analysis of each component was carried out. The result acts as a guide that offers a clear description of the execution methods of the components, complying with the national and international regulations, codes and standards used in Ecuador, ensuring adequate control both in the execution and in the review of the construction site.
Theoretical foundations for the development of hostels in the city of guayaquil and the professional competencies of hired personnel
Authors: López Brunett Ana Luisa , Asunción Génesis
Published: June 2024

To promote development and community cooperation in small businesses and hostels in the city of Guayaquil, we seek to develop a solid theoretical base. This objective is addressed through documentary research that selects relevant scientific documents and uses qualitative techniques along with data collection sheets. This approach allows us to build a robust theoretical base and formulate practical recommendations, based on a detailed and substantiated analysis of the available literature on the development of hostels and professional skills in Guayaquil. The results provide a perspective on how the different accommodations operate according to the star level of each hostel. This result responds to the project “Technological tools for hostels in the city of Guayaquil”, carried out by students and teachers of the Instituto Superior Tecnológico Universitario Espíritu Santo, Guayaquil, Ecuador
Investigation of Biomechanical and Viscoelastic Properties of Achilles Tendon in Professional Soccer Players According to Position
Authors: Seyhan Sinan
Published: June 2024

As in all performance athletes, too hard or too soft Achilles tendon (AT) affects athletic performance and increases the risk of injury in soccer players. The aim of this study was to know the tendon stiffness and mechanical properties of the tendon according to the positions and thus to apply appropriate training programs for the structural improvement of the mechanical properties of the AT according to the positions of the soccer players. In this study, 21 male professional soccer players with a mean age of 18.19±0.402 years, mean height of 180.48±6.258 cm, mean body weight of 70.71±7.823 kg, and mean BMI of 21.66±1.65 kg/m₂ were included. The mechanical and viscoelastic properties of the AT were evaluated with the highly reliable MyotonPro device (Myoton AS, Estonia). AT measurements of professional soccer players were performed 4 cm above the distal insertion of the tendon (calcaneal tubercle) after determining the distal insertion of the tendon in the prone position with the ankles hanging from the table in a neutral position. Although there was a significant result (p
The Relationship of Smartphone Addiction with Motivation to Participate in Physical Activity: A Study in Sports Sciences Faculty Students
Authors: Aligül Bahadır , Tolukan Ersan
Published: June 2024

In this study, it was aimed to examine the relationship between smartphone addiction and motivation to participate in physical activity within the scope of students studying at the Faculty of Sport Sciences. In addition to the relationship between students' smartphone addiction and motivation to participate in physical activity, it was also examined whether the related characteristics differed according to their age, gender, departments they studied, and whether they were doing licensed sports. In this study, which was conducted in the relational survey model, the Smartphone Addiction Scale and the Motivation to Participate in Physical Activity Scale were applied to 461 volunteer students. In the analyses, independent sample t-test for paired groups, one-way analysis of variance for multiple groups and Pearson correlation coefficient were calculated. According to the results obtained, it was determined that all participants had high motivation to participate in sports, when examined in terms of demographic variables; smartphone addiction was higher in 18-21 years old participants than 22-25 years old participants, motivation to participate in physical activity was higher in female participants than male participants according to gender variable, when examined according to the variable of doing licensed sports, it was determined that licensed sportsmen had higher smartphone addiction and participation in physical activity than non-licensed sportsmen, and there was a negative relationship between smartphone addiction and motivation to participate in physical activity.
The influence of content, influencer, and experiential marketing on customer engagement of online game applications
Authors: Sari Desak Made Febri Purnama , Aprialita Sari Dewi
Published: June 2024

This study was motivated by the rapid development of online games in Indonesia, particularly in Denpasar City. It could be seen from the download increasement of online games on a number of platforms such as Play Store, Appstore, and also steam chart. Online games nowadays were easy to be played anywhere and anytime with good image quality. Additionally, the government really appreciated and supported the world of online gaming sports or well-known as e-sports. The purposes of this study were; 1) to determine the effect of content marketing on the process of forming customer engagement in online game applications, 2) to find out the influence of influencers on the process of forming customer engagement in online game applications, 3) to determine the effect of experiential marketing on the process of forming customer engagement in online game applications, and 4) to find out whether there is a simultaneous influence between content marketing, influencers, and experiential marketing to customer engagement on online games in Denpasar. This study used the quantitative data analysis method. Data collection techniques used were observation and questionnaires. Then, the data were analyzed by using SPSS. Partially, content adoption, influencer, and experiential marketing have a positive and significant influence on customer engagement in online games in Denpasar. The results of this study indicated that (1) variable content has a positive and significant effect on customer engagement, (2) influencer variables have a positive and significant effect on customer engagement, (3) experiential marketing variables have a positive and significant effect on customer engagement, and (4) content, influencers, and experiential marketing variables have a positive and significant effect on customer engagement.
The impact of e-commerce on small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in Malaysia
Authors: Song Ding , Jumbulingam Kharmeyni , Fadel Hossam , Sumarningsih Ni Made
Published: June 2024

This research set out to determine how e-commerce affects Malaysian SMEs and what reasons prevent more SMEs from adopting this business model. The conceptual framework and research hypotheses were developed after an extensive literature review. Two hundred and fifty Malaysian SME owners and managers were surveyed using a questionnaire, and the collected data was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. The main results showed that the adoption of e-commerce among Malaysian SMEs is highly influenced by personal, technological, organizational, and environmental variables. Researchers concluded that personal characteristics were the most influential, followed by those related to the workplace and the surrounding environment. Together, these characteristics accounted for 56.5% of the variance in e-commerce adoption among Malaysian SMEs. Important implications for policymakers, researchers, and practitioners in Malaysia who want to encourage e-commerce acceptance and growth among SMEs were drawn from the results, which add to the current literature on e-commerce adoption in SMEs. The report concluded with suggestions for targeted interventions and support programs to increase the competitiveness and growth of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in Malaysia through e-commerce. The study's findings helped advance Malaysia's economy as a whole and ensure the digital sector continues to thrive.
The Sound of Silence: The Treatment of Spousal Death in Chopin's "The Story Of An Hour" and Celal's "Melahat Hanım's Orderly Life"
Authors: Sağlam Berkem
Published: June 2024

Both “The Story of an Hour” (1894) and “Melahat Hanım’ın Düzenli Yaşamı” (“Melahat Hanim’s Orderly Life”) (1999) take an intimate look at widows directly following the deaths of their spouses. While Kate Chopins’s story reveals the inner turmoil of its protagonist through insinuations regarding the taxing quality of her marriage, it also focuses on figurative implications of life after this death through imagery contemplated outside a window. Peride Celal’s story, on the other hand, similarly looks back on a challenging marriage, yet this time through the inside of the house, by focusing on the late husband’s possessions. Both characters hesitatingly embrace the prospect of a new life which promises escape from the social role of a wife. Unfortunately, the characters share the same fate of not being allowed to do so as they both die at the end of the stories, and in similar circumstances. This paper wishes to explore the lingering presence of the husbands by looking at motifs and imagery inside and outside the confines of the house which restricts the promised liberty of the two women.
Mustafa Çiftçi’nin Hikâyelerinde Toplumsal Cinsiyetin Sosyo-Linguistik Göstergeleri
Authors: Özaslan Ayşegül
Published: June 2024

Evrenin varoluşundan beri insanlar birlikte yaşama eğilimi göstermişler ve oluşturdukları ya da içine doğdukları topluluğun dilleri aracılığıyla birbirleriyle paylaşımda bulunmuşlardır. İnsanlar arasında iletişimi sağlamakla kalmayıp milli hafızanın temel unsuru olan dil, her topluluk için varoluşlarından itibaren büyük önem arz etmiştir. Bununla beraber, tarih boyunca araştırmacılar da dilbilimine dair pek çok araştırma yürütmüşlerdir. Dil, bir yandan tarih boyunca mevcudiyetini korurken bir yandan da toplumun tecrübe ettiği gelişmelere paralel olarak değişmeye devam eder. Toplumdaki bireyler ise içine doğdukları dilin onları yönlendirdiği şekilde gelişir. Bu durumda, dil ve toplum arasındaki ilişkinin karşılıklı olduğunu söylemek doğrudur. İşte bu ilişkiyi inceleyen Toplum Dilbilimi alanı, yirminci yüzyılın sonlarına doğru toplumsal cinsiyet kavramıyla tanışmıştır. Kişinin doğuştan gelen anatomik cinsiyetine, toplumun uygun gördüğü davranış modellerini ataması olarak tanımlayabileceğimiz toplumsal cinsiyet kavramı, son yıllarda farklı disiplinler tarafından çalışılan bir konu haline gelmiştir. Edebiyat ve dilbilimi alanlarında, toplumsal cinsiyetin dile nasıl yansıdığı araştırılır. Bu çalışmada ise, toplumsal cinsiyetin dildeki göstergeleri Mustafa Çiftçi’nin öyküleri incelenerek çözümlenmiştir. Son dönemin tanınan yazarlarından Mustafa Çiftçi’nin ‘Bozkırda Altmışaltı, Adem’in Kekliği ve Chopin ve Ağlaya Ağlaya Öldük Anam Bacım adlı kitapları, çalışmanın veri kaynağını oluşturmaktadır. Çalışmanın sonuçları göstermiştir ki karakterlerin mesleklerinden öykülerde üstlendikleri rollere kadar bu romanlarda toplumsal cinsiyet unsurlarına fazlasıyla yer verilmiştir.
Türk-İngiliz Münasebetlerinde Balta Limanı Örneği Olarak Mersin-Adana
Authors: Özdoğan Ali Can , Kartın Cengiz
Published: June 2024

Türk-İngiliz ilişkileri Haçlı Seferlerine kadar uzanan uzun bir geçmişe sahiptir. Ancak Osmanlı döneminde ilişkilerin resmiyet kazanması William Halborne’un 1582 yılında Levant Company’nin temsilcisi olarak İstanbul’a gönderilmesi ve Osmanlı idarecileri tarafından elçi olarak tanınmasıyla başlamıştır. Bu dönemden bu çalışmanın ana konusu olan Balta Limanı Antlaşması’nın imzalanmasına kadar Türk-İngiliz ilişkileri karşılıklı olarak gelişmiştir.
Napolyon Bonapart’ın 18. yüzyılın sonlarında Mısır’ı işgali, Osmanlı Devleti’nin zayıflamasını gün ışığına çıkaran önemli bir olaydır. Osmanlı Devleti, İngilizler ile ilişkisini güçlendirerek Napolyon’un Mısır’dan çıkarılmasında başarılı olsa da, işgal İstanbul ve Kahire arasında gerginliğe neden oldu. Bu dönemde Osmanlı Devleti, çeşitli savaşlara ve iç isyanlara uğraşırken, bu da İngilizler için vergisiz ticaret yapma fırsatı yaratmıştır. Osmanlı yöneticileri, İngilizlerle müzakereler yaptı. Ancak İngilizler, Osmanlı Devleti’nin Mısır’la olan ilişkilerini istismar ederek, özellikle de yed-vahit yöntemiyle ticari ayrıcalıklar elde etmeyi başardılar. Bu çalışma, antlaşmanın hükümlerini incelemekte ve İngiliz etkisinin Osmanlı Devleti üzerindeki, özellikle de bölgenin ticari bir koloniye dönüşmesindeki etkisini araştırmaktadır. Bu dönüşümü göstermek için Mersin/Adana örneği kullanılmıştır.
Uso de IA para aprendizagem colaborativa em ambientes educacionais
Authors: Costa Wilson Aires , Santos Graciene Nascimento dos , Lôbo Ítalo Martins , Brandalise Leandromar , Torres Priscilla de Jesus Leão , Cometti Rodrigo dos Santos
Published: June 2024

Introdução: O estudo investigou de que forma o uso da Inteligência Artificial (IA) pode apoiar os processos de aprendizagem em sala de aula, destacando sua relevância e importância no campo educacional. Objetivo: O objetivo foi analisar as aplicações, benefícios, desafios e implicações éticas da IA no ambiente educacional. Método: O método consistiu em uma revisão de literatura, utilizando fontes relevantes para compreender o impacto da IA na educação. Foram discutidas as principais aplicações da IA, como tutores inteligentes e sistemas de gestão de aprendizagem, que permitem a personalização do ensino e a formação de grupos de estudo dinâmicos. Resultados: Entre os resultados, destacam-se os benefícios da IA na personalização do ensino e na promoção de ambientes colaborativos. No entanto, também foram abordados desafios como a resistência à mudança, a necessidade de capacitação dos professores e a proteção dos dados dos alunos. Conclusões: As considerações finais indicam que a IA possui potencial para transformar a educação, mas sua implementação eficaz requer o enfrentamento dos desafios mencionados e a consideração das implicações éticas para garantir uma utilização justa e inclusiva. As conclusões mostram que a IA pode ser uma ferramenta poderosa na educação, mas estudos adicionais são necessários para aprofundar a compreensão dos impactos e desenvolver diretrizes que assegurem seu uso ético e seguro.
Effects of Flipped Classroom on Students’ Academic Performance and Knowledge Retention at V.T.E. Department Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University, Bauchi
Authors: Galadima Muhammad , Maianguwa Musa A. , Abubakar Aliyu Zainab
Published: June 2024

This study aims at finding out the effect of WhatsApp-utilized flipped classroom on students’ academic performance and retention at VTE Department of Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University, Bauchi. Flipped classroom approach involves an instructional strategy where students watch a video of learning materials and completing assignments at home, while in-class time is used for hands-on activities and collaborative learning. This study applied the quasi- experimental design. The session was 2022/2023. The population was the students of vocational and technology education department of Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University, Bauchi which consists of 87 students. The samples were 42 students of 300 level. The experimental class was taught using WhatsApp utilized flipped classroom. The tests consisted of pre-test and post- test. The instrument used in this study was applied mechanics achievement test. The data were analyzed using paired sample t-test. The hypothesis of this research stated there was a significant effect in WhatsApp utilized flipped classroom on students’ performance in applied mechanic test at vocational and technology education department of Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University, Bauchi. The result of paired sample t- test shown that the asymp sig. is 0.000. It means that the asymp sig. was lower than 0.05 (0.000 < 0.05). Therefore, the H1 is accepted. It was concluded that WhatsApp has significant effect on students’ performance and retention at the vocational and technology education department of Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University, Bauchi.
Mapping the terrain: A comprehensive review and bibliometric analysis of data literacy in mathematics education (2009-2024)
Authors: Bhekiswayo Nomthandazo Maureen , Mosia Moeketsi
Published: June 2024

Despite receiving increased attention from researchers in mathematics education, there is still no comprehensive understanding of the current level of data literacy in the teaching and learning of mathematics. To address this gap, this study pre­sents a review of 247 papers selected from the Sco­pus database between 2009 and 2024. The research aims to explore the following: (i) The overall vol­ume, geographic distribution, and development tra­jectory in the literature on data literacy in mathe­matics. (ii) The researchers and research collabora­tions that have had the greatest influence on the literature on data literacy in mathematics. (iii) The sources that have had the greatest influence on the literature on data literacy in mathematics. (iv) The most important topics in the literature on data literacy in mathematics. It was discovered that the number of publications involving data literacy in mathematics increased from 2016 to 2023. Authors from the Netherlands are the most active in the literature on data literacy in mathematics. The Teacher College Record had the highest number of citations. Lastly, the most important topics addressed in the literature on data literacy in mathematics were data use, data literacy, and data-based decision-making. This study has implications not only for mathematics education researchers but also for other stakeholders in the education sector, including school principals, policymakers, and mathematics teachers.
Chemical and Microbiological Safety of Burukutu: An alcoholic beverage vended in Owerri, Imo state, Nigeria
Authors: Anosike E.E Mike , Alli J Akien , Alucho C.H Justice , Ezeh O.C  , Braide W
Published: June 2024

Burukutu is a traditional alcoholic beverage voraciously consumed in Northern Nigeria and some other West African countries. It is made from fermenting sorghum (Sorghum vulgare) or millet (Pennissetum maliaceum) grains involving crude traditional methods of malting, mashing, steeping, fermentation and maturation. The microbial quality of Burukutu sampled at four locations in Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria was investigated using the spread plating technique. Total titratable acidity (TTA) and pH was determined under ambient temperature. Phytochemical constituents and antioxidant contents of the beverage were also analysed using standard methods. Total aerobic plate count, total coliform count, total fecal coliform count and total fungal count suggest cross contamination of the final products. Six Gram positive bacteria, namely, Bacillus cereus, Staphylococcus aureus, Micrococcus luteus, Enterococcus faecalis, Bacillus subtilis, Corynebacterium diphtheriae and six Gram negative, Escherichia coli, Enterobacter cloaca, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Salmonella typhimurium, Shigella dysentariae, Serratia marcescence were isolated from the Burukutu across the sample locations. Mucor, Rhizopus and Saccharomyces cerevisiae were the fungi isolated from the samples. The pathogenicity of some of these microorganisms had been widely reported. pH is acidic and may preserve the products and inhibit some pathogens. Titratable acidity is in acceptable limit recommended for alcoholic beverages. Phytochemicals present have been reported to exert strong antibacterial activity against several microbes associated with diseases. Antioxidant protects the body from oxygen scavenging bacteria. Most of the organisms isolated are indicators of poor hygiene practices, thereby compromising the safety of the product. Adherence to proper hygiene and good manufacturing practices and sensitization of workers and personnel to health risk associated with contamination of products is strongly recommended.
Illuminating the Legacy of Al-Farabi, Ibn Sina, and Al-Biruni: Exploring Political and Legal Philosophies in Transoxiana
Authors: Turdiyev Bekhruz Sobirovich , Wekke Ismail Suardi
Published: June 2024

This article delves into the intricate political, social, and economic transformations witnessed in Transoxiana and Khorasan between the 9th and 12th centuries, which paved the way for the advancement of political and legal ideologies in the region. The establishment of the renowned “Bayt al-Hikmah” in Baghdad during the 9th century, dubbed as the Eastern Academy of Sciences, marked a significant milestone. The emergence of the Samanid state, the ascendancy of Khorezm, and the ensuing stability and prosperity fostered a flourishing cultural landscape, nurturing the growth of luminaries in world science like Al-Farabi, Ibn Sina, Al-Biruni, Al-Khwarizmi, and others. The article scrutinizes the philosophical works of these scholars, principally focusing on their perspectives on politics and law, with emphasis on themes of superstition and humanitarianism. The exploration delves into their insights on societal origins, state functions and obligations, and the developmental trajectory of legal frameworks, shedding light on the evolution of thought in medieval Islamic scholarship.
Boundary Review and the Organization and Identity of the Peterborough Divisional Labour Party
Authors: Rawlinson Scott
Published: June 2024

The subdivision of larger territories into electoral districts is designed to enable representation for district populations in the national legislative body. This article establishes that spatial-type reforms such as the redrawing of electoral district boundaries can have profound and long-lasting, but often overlooked, organizational and ideational effects on local parties. The effects of constituency redrawing (the 1917–18 Boundary Commission and Review) are examined via a case study of the interwar Peterborough Divisional Labour Party in relation to three areas: (1) the structural organization of the local party, (2) the selection and retention of parliamentary candidates and party organizers, and (3) the local framing of national policy. The analysis argues that the boundary review and its creation of an enlarged parliamentary constituency consisting of Peterborough and the Soke of Peterborough produced political and organizational challenges that the party never fully resolved. Labour attempted but struggled to represent the interests of all the area’s constituents – even the electoral victory of 1929 demonstrates the effects of campaign dynamism rather than rural breakthrough. It is important that parties consider these potential impacts when deciding how to respond to spatial–institutional change.
SOLVING A SPECTRAL PROBLEM FOR LARGE-AREA PHOTONIC CRYSTAL SURFACE-EMITTING LASERS
Authors: Radziunas Mindaugas , Kuhn Eduard , Wenzel Hans
Published: June 2024

We present algorithms for constructing and resolving spectral problems for novel photonic crystal surface-emitting lasers with large emission areas, given by first-order PDEs with two spatial dimensions. These algorithms include methods to overcome computer-arithmetic-related challenges when dealing with huge and small numbers. We show that the finite difference schemes constructed using relatively coarse numerical meshes enable accurate estimation of several major optical modes, which are essential in practical applications.
Carbon Isotope Chemistry in Protoplanetary Disks: Effects of C/O Ratios
Authors: Lee Seokho , Nomura Hideko , Furuya Kenji
Published: June 2024

Carbon isotope fractionation of CO has been reported in the disk around TW Hya, where elemental carbon is more abundant than elemental oxygen ([C/O]elem > 1). We investigated the effects of the [C/O]elem ratio on carbon fractionation using astrochemical models that incorporate isotope-selective photodissociation and isotope exchange reactions. The 12CO/13CO ratio could be lower than the elemental carbon isotope ratio due to isotope exchange reactions when the [C/O]elem ratio exceeds unity. The observed 12CO/13CO and H12CN/H13CN ratios around TW Hya could be reproduced when the [C/O]elem ratio is 2–5. In the vicinity of the lower boundary of the warm molecular layer, the formation of ices leads to the gas-phase [C/O]elem ratio approaching unity, irrespective of the total (gas + ice) [C/O]elem ratio. This phenomenon reduces the variation in the 12CO/13CO ratio across different [C/O]elem ratios.
Very Long Baseline Array Observations of Parsec-scale Radio Emission in Dual Active Galactic Nuclei
Authors: Xu Wancheng , Cui Lang , Liu Xiang , An Tao , Cao Hongmin , Jiang Pengfei , Ho Luis C. , Chang Ning , Yang Xiaolong , Shen Yuling , Tan Guiping , Han Zhenhua , Fan Junhui , Zhang Ming
Published: June 2024

It is believed that dual active galactic nuclei (AGN) form during galaxy mergers. Studying dual-AGN emission can provide valuable insights into galaxy merging and evolution. To investigate parsec-scale radio emission properties, we observed eight radio components of four selected dual-AGN systems using the Very Long Baseline Array (VLBA) at 5 GHz in multiple-phase-center mode. Among them, two compact radio components, labeled J0051+0020B and J2300-0005A, were detected clearly on parsec scales for the first time. However, the radio emission of the other six components was resolved out in the high-resolution images. We provide the values or upper limits of the brightness temperature and radio emission power, and analyze the emission origins in detail for each target. Based on their physical properties reported in this work and in the literature, we suggest that the radio emission in J0051+0020B and J2300-0005A originates primarily from compact jets, while the other six sources show more complex emission mechanisms. In addition, our VLBA observations suggest that the systematic X-ray deficit in our dual-AGN sample is likely attributed to the tidally induced effect and possibly a viewing angle effect.
Recurrent Nova V2487 Oph Had Superflares in 1941 and 1942 with Radiant Energies of 1042.5±1.6 erg
Authors: Schaefer Bradley E.
Published: June 2024

V2487 Ophiuchi (V2487 Oph) is a recurrent nova with classical nova eruptions in 1900 and 1998, and it is also the most extreme known superflare star. These superflares are roughly hour-long flares with amplitudes and optical energies reaching up to 1.10 mag and 1039.21 erg, respectively, with the superflares recurring once a day. The V2487 Oph superflares are certainly operating with the same mechanism as all the other types of superflare stars, where magnetic loops are twisted and stretched until reconnection occurs, whereupon ambient electrons are accelerated to relativistic energies and then emit bremsstrahlung radiation from X-ray to radio. V2487 Oph is unique among known superflare stars in that one of the loop footprints is in an accretion disk. This exact mechanism was theoretically predicted by M. R. Hayashi and colleagues in 1996. Now, I have found two superflares recorded on Harvard archival photographs from 1941 and 1942. These two superflares have B-magnitude amplitudes of >1.83 and >2.00 mag and total radiated energies of 1042.4 and 1042.5 erg, respectively, with bolometric corrections. Each has emitted energies of ∼30 billion Carringtons, in units of the most energetic solar flare. Further, I find superflares in Zwicky Transient Factory light curves, so V2487 Oph has been superflaring from 1941 to 2023. For the observed number distribution of dN/dE = 4E
−2 superflares per year, for E in units of 1041 erg, the emitted energy in superflare light is 1042.1 erg in each year, or 1044.1 erg from 1941 to 2023.
ALMaSS Landscape and Farming Simulation: software classes and methods
Authors: Topping Christopher John , Duan Xiaodong
Published: June 2024

This article describes the landscape model for the Animal Landscape and Man Simulation System (ALMaSS). The article itself provides an overall description of the software classes and functions, with examples of use. In addition, there are links for code access, executable directory and code documentation for the model. These provide access to model details.

The descriptions cover the landscape class, its internal data, and the class hierarchy primarily associated with the landscape simulation. They also cover the timing and scheduling of actions and provide an overview of the landscape class interface. The Farm and Farm Manager classes responsible for simulating farming activities are presented together with descriptions of crop classes for crop management and weather and calendar classes.
Pezizomycotina species associated with rotten plant materials in Guizhou Province, China
Authors: Fu Shamin , Sun Jing-E , Tarafder Entaj , Wijayawardene Nalin N. , Hu Yan , Wang Yong , Li Yan
Published: June 2024

Nine Pezizomycotina strains were isolated from rotten dead branches and leaves collected from Guizhou Province. To obtain their accurate taxonomic placement, we provided the morphological characteristics of conidiophore cells and conidia. Phylogenetic relationships, based on ITS, rpb2, SSU, LSU and tub2 gene sequences, confirmed our strains represented three novel species, Peglionia falcata, Neoascochyta pseudofusiformis and Neomicrosphaeropsis cylindrica. Peglionia falcata produced falcate conidia and Neoa. pseudofusiformis generated fusiform conidia, while Neom. cylindrica possessed cylindrical conidia. The phylogenetic results also supported them as novel taxa. All the new species in the present study were found as saprophytic on forest litter with high rainfall, which suggest they may have a certain effect on nutrient decomposition and redistribution in forest ecosystems. Thus, it opened a way for further research on related ecological roles and their application production.
The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the quality of higher medical education
Authors: Kirkov Vidin
Published: June 2024

The COVID-19 pandemic was an unprecedented test for the whole sociological structure of society, which includes all the basic spheres and main areas of public life. The biggest test was for health systems, as they had to contend with, on the one hand, a hitherto unknown disease and, on the other, reorganize its overall treatment and diagnostic activity in accordance with the anti-epidemic measures introduced by the state authorities. This is inevitable and has influenced and left its mark on the medical training of future health personnel, which is carried out for the most part in the university medical facilities that were on the front lines in the fight against the pandemic. This article presents an analysis of data from empirical research on the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the quality of higher medical education.
Pelvic Tilt in Adults With Cerebral Palsy and Its Relationship With Prior Hamstrings Lengthening
Authors: Cirrincione Peter M. , Nichols Erikson T. , Zucker Colson P. , Chandran Vishnu , Zanini Silvia , Jezequel Jennifer , Assip Bridget , Backus Sherry I. , Doyle Shevaun M. , Scher David , Selber Paulo
Published: June 2024

Background:

Current studies assessing the change in pelvic tilt for ambulatory patients with cerebral palsy (CP) after surgical hamstring lengthening (SHL) lack a comparison cohort without prior SHL and are limited to younger patients. This study presents gait data of middle-aged adults with CP, primarily focusing on the pelvis, and compares pelvic tilt, trunk tilt, and knee flexion between those with and without prior SHL.

Materials and Methods:

A consecutive series of 54 adults with CP, a mean age of 36±13 years, and Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS) levels I–III were included. Thirty-two (59%) had SHL performed at a mean age of 8±5 years. Three-dimensional gait analysis data prospectively collected at a mean of 28±14 years postoperatively were retrospectively analyzed. Chi-square tests were used to compare demographic and surgical history data and statistical parameter mapping was used to compare knee flexion during stance and pelvic and trunk tilts during the gait cycle between SHL and SHL-naive groups.

Results:

Age, GMFCS level, sex, race, topography, and ethnicity were not different between the groups (
P
=.217–.612). Anterior pelvic tilt throughout gait was significantly greater in the SHL group compared with the SHL-naive group (63%–87%;
P
=.033). This difference was augmented after accounting for other surgical history and revision SHL (0%–32%,
P
=.019; and 46%–93%,
P
=.007).

Conclusion:

Within a cohort of adults with CP, GMFCS levels I–III, and a mean age of 36 years, those with a history of SHL, performed a mean of 28 years prior to 3-dimensional gait analysis, walked with increased anterior pelvic tilt compared with those without a history of SHL. [
Orthopedics
. 2024;47(5):270–275.]
An image filtering method for dataset production
Authors: Li Ling , He Dan , Zhang Cheng
Published: June 2024

To address the issue of the lack of specialized data filtering algorithms for dataset production, we proposed an image filtering algorithm. Using feature fusion methods to improve discrete wavelet transform algorithm (DWT) and enhance the robustness of image feature extraction, a weighted hash algorithm was proposed to hash features to reduce the complexity and computational cost of feature comparison. To minimize the time cost of image filtering as much as possible, a fast distance calculation method was also proposed to calculate the similarity of images. The experimental results showed that compared with other advanced methods, the algorithm proposed in this paper had an average accuracy improvement of 3% and a speed improvement of at least 30%. Compared with traditional manual filtering methods, while ensuring accuracy, the filtering speed of a single image is increased from 9.9s to 0.01s, which has important application value for dataset production.
A new semiring and its cryptographic applications
Authors: Huang Huawei , Jiang Xin , Peng Changwen , Pan Geyang
Published: June 2024

This paper introduced a novel semiring structure involving nonnegative integers, where operations depended on the comparison of the magnitudes of decimal digit sums. Consequently, a corresponding matrix semiring can be established on this commutative semiring. We showed that the 3-satisfiability problem can be polynomial-time reduced to solving systems of quadratic polynomial equations over this semiring. We proposed a key exchange protocol based on this matrix semiring, with its security relying on the two-sided digital circulant matrix action problem over this semiring. This scheme provides a novel cryptographic primitive for post-quantum cryptography.
Sharp estimate for starlikeness related to a tangent domain
Authors: Khan Mohammad Faisal , Ro Jongsuk , Khan Muhammad Ghaffar
Published: June 2024

In the recent years, the study of the Hankel determinant problems have been widely investigated by many researchers. We were essentially motivated by the recent research going on with the Hankel determinant and other coefficient bounds problems. In this research article, we first considered the subclass of analytic starlike functions connected with the domain of the tangent function. We then derived the initial four sharp coefficient bounds, the sharp Fekete-Szegö inequality, and the sharp second and third order Hankel determinant for the defined class. Also, we derived sharp estimates like sharp coefficient bounds, Fekete-Szegö estimate, and sharp second order Hankel determinant for the functions having logarithmic coefficient and for the inverse coefficient, respectively, for the defined functions class.
On random force correction for large time steps in semi-implicitly discretized overdamped Langevin equations
Authors: Washio Takumi , Fujii Akihiro , Hisada Toshiaki
Published: June 2024

In this study, we focused on the treatment of random forces in a semi-implicitly discretized overdamped Langevin (OL) equation with large time steps. In the usual implicit approach for a nonstochastic mechanical equation, the product of the time interval and Hessian matrix was added to the friction matrix to construct the coefficient matrix for solution updates, which were performed using Newton iteration. When large time steps were used, the additional term, which could be regarded as an artificial friction term, prevented the amplification of oscillations associated with large eigenvalues of the Hessian matrix. In this case, the damping of the high-frequency terms did not cause any discrepancy because they were outside of our interest. However, in OL equations, the friction coefficient was coupled to the random force; therefore, excessive artificial friction may have obscured the effects caused by the stochastic properties of the fluctuations. Consequently, we modified the random force in the proposed semi-implicit scheme so that the total random force was consistent with the friction including the additional artificial term. By deriving a discrete Fokker-Planck (FP) equation from the discretized OL equation, we showed how our modification improved the distribution of the numerical solutions of discrete stochastic processes. Finally, we confirmed the validity of our approach in numerical simulations of a freely jointed chain.
Impact of Financial Inclusiveness on Household Indebtedness: Special Reference to Jaffna and Trincomalee Districts
Authors: Sazna M. I. F.
Published: June 2024

Purpose: In recent years, policymakers and researchers have been increasingly interested in understanding household indebtedness. This study used survey data from Trincomalee and Jaffna districts to explore how financial inclusiveness affects household indebtedness.Design/Methodology/Approach: Likewise, this investigation employed data on penetration, barriers, and usage of financial services to construct a comprehensive index, amalgamating scores from each aspect to gauge overall financial inclusion. 200 responses were obtained through convenience from households in Trincomalee and Jaffna districts.Findings: The researcher conducted regression analysis and found a significant positive relationship between financial inclusiveness and the dependency ratio, a negative marginal relationship with debt performance, and no relationship with the consumption yield balance. The study also revealed that financial inclusion significantly impacts household indebtedness and identified three influencing dimensions. Moreover, they observed that financial literacy has dual effects, with financially literate individuals displaying better market behavior, while financially illiterate individuals accumulate more debt due to income shocks. The study aims to fill the literature gap and contribute to understanding the financial landscape of a developing nation like Sri Lanka.Originality: The study, which focuses on the Sri Lankan districts of Trincomalee and Jaffna, offers context-specific insights into the relationship between financial inclusion and family debt in a developing country.
Procedural sedation and analgesia by Italian emergency physicians: a retrospective observational pilot study
Authors: Lorenzati Bartolomeo , Abram Sara , Giamello Jacopo Davide , Bruno Alice , Gambardella Luigi , Lison Davide , D'Agnano Salvatore , Martini Gianpiero , Sciolla Andrea , Lauria Giuseppe
Published: June 2024

Procedural Sedation and Analgesia (PSA) is a routine practice in Emergency Departments (EDs) but few data exist in the setting of Italian ED. Thus, this study aimed to describe for the first time an Italian experience of PSA in the ED, defining usual indications, types of drug used, efficacy, and safety. We retrospectively collected consecutive adult patients undergoing PSA in the ED of the Santa Croce e Carle Hospital in Cuneo, Italy, over 6 years; we enrolled all patients who received at least one of the four drugs used for PSA (midazolam, propofol, ketamine, and fentanyl). 384 patients (62.2% male; median age 61 [42;76] years) were included in the study. Two hundred and six PSA (53.7%) were done for orthopedic maneuvers, 103 (26%) for electrical cardioversions (ECV), and 75 (19.5%) for other unpleasant medical procedures. A single drug was used in 132 cases (34.3%), while in 252  (65.7%) an association of at least two drugs was used; 239 patients (62.2%) were ASA class I, 144 (37.5%) were ASA class II and one patient was ASA class III. Three patients (0.8%) experienced PSA failure. Minor adverse events occurred during 16 procedures (4%), while no major adverse events, rescue intubation, or need for escalation of care were registered. PSA is currently used in Italian EDs and it is safe when performed by EPs for patients in ASA class I and II. An Italian prospective PSA register is to be created.
The role of miRNA-29b1 on the hypoxia-induced apoptosis in mammalian cardiomyocytes
Authors: Dai Bo , Liu Hailin , Juan Dingmin , Wu Kaize , Cao Ruhao
Published: June 2024

Cardiomyocyte apoptosis is a complex biological process involving the interaction of many factors and signaling pathways. In hypoxic environment, cardiomyocytes may trigger apoptosis due to insufficient energy supply, increased production of oxygen free radicals, and disturbance of intracellular calcium ion balance. The present research aimed to investigate the role of microRNA-29b1 (miR-29b1) in hypoxia-treated cardiomyocytes and its potential mechanism involved. We established an in vitro ischemia model using AC16 and H9C2 cardiomyocytes through hypoxia treatment (1% O2, 48 h). Cell apoptosis was evaluated by flow cytometry using Annexin V FITC-PI staining assay. Moreover, we used Western blot and immunofluorescence analysis to determine the expression of Bcl-2, Bax caspase-3 and Cx43 proteins. We found that miR-29b1 protected AC16 and H9C2 cells from hypoxia-induced injury as evidence that miR-29b1 attenuated the effects of hypoxia treatment on AC16 and H9C2 cell apoptosis after hypoxia treatment. In conclusion, our findings suggest that miR-29b1 may have potential cardiovascular protective effects during ischemia-related myocardial injury.
Farther inland invasion of Finlayson’s squirrel Callosciurus finlaysonii (Horsfield 1823) poses a new conservation challenge for the endemic near threatened Calabrian black squirrel Sciurus meridionalis Lucifero 1907 (Rodentia: Sciuridae)
Authors: Gallo Orlando , Iudici Arnaldo , Balestrieri Rosario
Published: June 2024

Understanding both native and non-native species ecology, including their distribution and interaction, is crucial for making informed decisions on conservation and management strategies, particularly for endemic threatened species. In this study, we report an update on the non-native Finlayson’s squirrel Callosciurus finlaysonii invasion of southernmost Campania (Italy), where the species is rapidly expanding its range towards inland areas. Our observational data confirmed the pattern of invasion for the Finlayson’s squirrel, extending the species presence ten kilometres furtherly inland than what it was reported before. Here, we also collected the first evidence of black morph squirrels’ occurrence potentially attributable to the Calabrian black squirrel Sciurus meridionalis, a near threatened and little studied tree squirrel endemic of southern Italy. As a habitat of good quality, the area of potential new presence for this endemic squirrel represents an ecological corridor possibly enhancing individual dispersal from the neighbouring region into new suitable areas. However, due to the invasion of Finlayson’s squirrel, the two species likely became sympatric here, with endemic squirrels possibly suffering the competing effect of the alien species. We highlighted the importance of in-depth studies, including genetic surveys, to better understand the occurrence and ecology of the Calabrian black squirrel outside its historical range, and to plan effective control actions to prevent further expansion of the Finlayson’s squirrels.