bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Metastatic pheochromocytoma in multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2A
Authors: Rebrova D. V. , Rusakov V. F. , Krasnov L. M. , Fedorov E. A. , Chinchuk I. K. , Vorokhobina N. V. , Shikhmagomedov S. S. , Semenov A. A. , Chernikov R. A. , Sleptsov I. V. , Gavton G. I. , Imyanitov E. N.
Published: January 2025

Pheochromocytoma (PHEO) currently is considered to be malignant due to metastatic potential. One of the most common familial forms of PHEO is multiple endocrine neoplasia syndrome (MEN) type 2. The penetrance of PHEO in MEN2 syndrome is up to 50% of cases. It may be one- or two-sided, but metastases occur extremely rare. The fact that in majority of cases of MEN2 syndrome the source of distant metastases is medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) complicates differential diagnosis in case of PHEO metastasis.Isolated cases of PHEO with metastases to the lymph nodes, lungs, liver, bones, brain in MEN2 patients were described. In the available literature, we have found a description of 31 cases of metastatic PHEO in MEN2 syndrome. The available data of those cases is presented as a table in the article.We present a description of a 40-year-old woman with MEN2A syndrome (mutation of the RET proto-oncogene p.Cys634Tyr), with a history of twice-performed surgical treatment of MTC, with daily crises of arterial hypertension accompanied by vegetative symptoms, with a giant bilateral PHEO (up to 200 m on the right and up to 150 mm on the left) with synchronous large metastasis (up to 50 mm) into the pubic bone with the destruction. The patient underwent several surgeries: bilateral adrenalectomy, then a bilateral revision of the neck, removal of the right upper and right lower parathyroid glands, residual thyroid tissue, then resection of the right pubic bone with a tumor.
SEGURANÇA ALIMENTAR E NUTRICIONAL: UMA ANÁLISE SOBRE O ARCABOUÇO LEGISLATIVO DOS ESTADOS BRASILEIROS
Authors: Costa Ana Paula Vieira da , Gabriel Cristine Garcia , Soar Claudia , Machado Mick Lennon , Martins Milena Correa , Lima Giovana Felício
Published: January 2025

Para garantir a efetiva descentralização do Sistema Nacional de Segurança Alimentar e Nutricional faz necessário o envolvimento das distintas esferas governamentais. Objetivo: Mapear o arcabouço legal que dispõe sobre a segurança alimentar e nutricional nos estados. Métodos: Estudo descritivo, exploratório e documental com coleta de normativas publicadas pelas 26 unidades federativas. Os documentos foram categorizados com base nas diretrizes da Política Nacional de Segurança Alimentar e Nutricional. Resultados: Foram incluídas 407 normativas para análise. O estudo identificou uma discrepância regional na elaboração das normativas, sendo a região Norte (7%) a que menos legislou na área, seguida respectivamente das regiões Sul (13%), Centro-Oeste (20%), Nordeste (26%) e Sudeste (32%). As dimensões mais abordadas foram respectivamente “Promoção do Acesso Universal à Alimentação Adequada” (54%); “Estruturação de Sistemas de Produção Agroecológica e Abastecimentos Sustentáveis” (32%) e “Estruturação do Sistema Nacional de Segurança Alimentar e Nutricional” (20%). A Dimensão “Acesso Universal à Água” apresentou o menor resultado (8%). Conclusão: O estudo revelou um cenário de disparidades regionais no que concerne à elaboração de legislações nesta área. Sugere-se a realização de estudos que analisem em profundidade as normativas e que considerem as distintas realidades existentes entre as regiões e as unidades federativas brasileiras.
ENVELHECIMENTO POPULACIONAL EM MATO GROSSO E SUA RELAÇÃO COM INDICADORES DEMOGRÁFICOS E ECONÔMICOS
Authors: Galvão Silvano Macedo , Galvão Noemi Dreyer , Alves Mário Ribeiro , Rocha Solimar Carnavalli , Rocon Pablo Cardozo , Andrade Amanda Cristina de Souza
Published: January 2025

Objetivo: Realizar análise espacial dos indicadores de envelhecimento no Mato Grosso e sua correlação com características demográficas e econômicas. Métodos: Estudo ecológico com dados secundários demográficos e econômicos dos 141 municípios de Mato Grosso. Foram utilizados os indicadores Índice de Envelhecimento Populacional (IEP); Razão de Dependência de Idosos (RDI); Longevidade (LI); Percentual de 60 anos ou mais (% 60 anos ou mais) para o ano de 2022, Fecundidade, Índice de Desenvolvimento Humano (IDHM), Produto Interno Bruto da Agropecuária, Produto Interno Bruto Per Capita. A análise de dependência espacial foi executada utilizando-se o Índice de Moran Global e Local, que estima a autocorrelação espacial. Resultados: A distribuição espacial dos indicadores de envelhecimento foi heterogênea no estado, com clusters alto-alto nas regiões Centro-Sul e Sudeste e baixo-baixo no Médio Norte e Noroeste. Foi observada uma fraca autocorrelação espacial entre os indicadores de envelhecimento e a fecundidade e IDHM, e uma autocorrelação espacial negativa entre os indicadores de envelhecimento e o PIB agropecuária e PIB per capita. Conclusões: O estado de Mato Grosso apresenta diferentes estágios de envelhecimento populacional, reforçando a necessidade de ações regionais específicas para garantir envelhecimento ativo e saudável da população e reduzir as desigualdades em saúde.
Saberes e práticas populares em saúde da comunidade tradicional Acauã, Rio Grande do Norte
Authors: Araújo Isabelle Maria Mendes de , Silva Joyce Faustino da , Peixoto Higor Jordão Azevedo , Vieira Kenne Felipe Alves , Silva Maria de Fátima Barbosa da
Published: January 2025

As trajetórias históricas dos quilombos colocaram em ação as primeiras utopias anticoloniais modernas, mostrando que por meio do cuidado dedicado à Mãe Terra é possível a criação de processos para a emancipação. A pesquisa-ação apresentada neste estudo objetivou realizar a sistematização de plantas quilombolas e de costumes de saúde a elas relacionados no território quilombola de Acauã, no Rio Grande do Norte, ressaltando a importância dos saberes tradicionais e ancestrais em diálogo com saberes científicos. Para tal, foram realizados encontros com mulheres e jovens quilombolas de Acauã, por meio de grupos focais, com a finalidade de levantar plantas e ervas medicinais de uso comunitário. Para a identificação das plantas, foi utilizado o aplicativo PlantNet, que permite reconhecer espécies de plantas por meio de fotos da flor, fruto ou folha. Os principais atores da sistematização das plantas medicinais populares foram jovens quilombolas, sementes para a construção de uma ecologia decolonial. Os resultados apresentam a catalogação de 22 plantas quilombolas presentes na comunidade de Acauã/RN, associando-as ao respectivo nome científico, sua utilidade terapêutica relatada e usos adicionais a partir da literatura científica. Destaca-se que o encontro de saberes e as práticas populares em saúde fortalecem a memória e a cultura quilombola.
A formação de educadores de jovens e adultos em Moçambique
Authors: Huo Anfibio Zacarias , Souza Neto João Clemente de
Published: January 2025

Este artigo apresenta uma análise acerca do processo de formação de educadores de jovens e adultos em Moçambique, com foco nos processos de formação desses profissionais. Utilizando uma abordagem qualitativa, o estudo empregou entrevistas semiestruturadas com cinco educadores de jovens e adultos que lecionam em alguns centros localizados nos arredores da cidade de Maputo/MZ, e os dados coletados foram analisados a partir da técnica de análise de conteúdo proposta por Bardin. Com o estudo, observou-se a ausência de um documento exclusivo que regule a formação de educadores de jovens e adultos, havendo apenas algumas diretrizes na Estratégia da EJA 2018-2023 e no Plano Curricular de Alfabetização e Educação de Adultos, de 2018. O tempo de formação é relativamente curto, entre 15 e 20 dias, o que prejudica a qualidade do trabalho dos educadores. As formações contínuas são conduzidas de forma fraca por instituições não governamentais, não sendo promovidas pelo Estado, principal provedor da educação de jovens e adultos. Esses achados ressaltam a necessidade de revisão e fortalecimento das políticas de formação de educadores de jovens e adultos em Moçambique, de forma a garantir uma educação de qualidade e promover o desenvolvimento socioeconômico do país.
Desvendando letramentos
Authors: Gracioli Gessica Gonçalves Santos , Barbosa Laissy Taynã da Silva , Santos Jeane Aparecida Martins dos , Alencar Elisa Borges de Alcântara
Published: January 2025

Este trabalho tem como objetivo analisar o capítulo dez, “O que sabemos e queremos do ensino médio”, inserido na composição do livro didático Singular & plural: leitura, produção e estudos de linguagem, e como ele contribui para o aprendizado de Língua Portuguesa dos estudantes de uma escola da zona rural de Itupiranga, Pará, na perspectiva dos letramentos. Para tal, foi realizada uma reflexão teórica sobre os letramentos (Soares, 2009; Ferraz, 2019; Ferreira; Costa; Demo, 2023; Stokes, 2002) em consonância com a linguística aplicada (Almeida, 2009; Monte Mor, 2015). Os resultados evidenciaram que o debate sobre a transição escolar é interessante e pode contribuir para essa passagem dos jovens dos anos finais do ensino fundamental para o ensino médio. Todavia, é essencial a (des)construção de alguns conceitos e paradigmas que reduzem os contextos reais de aprendizagem na educação do campo, bem como a necessidade de transgredir as limitações do livro didático.
The Effect Of Financial Performance, Environmental Performance, Tax Avoidance, And Gender Diversity On Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)
Authors: Novita Ayu Amalikhah  , Slamet Haryono
Published: January 2025

The purpose of this study is to determine the influence of financial performance, environmental performance, tax avoidance, and gender diversity on sustainable development goals (SDGs). Based on the background and after deepening the literature, the researcher found a research gap from previous research that examined the relationship between the Company and the SDGs. Until now, research that connects the influence of financial, environmental, and diversity factors on achieving the SDGs is still minimal. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the influence of the current ratio, free cash flow, environmental performance, tax avoidance, and gender diversity in the board on the company's contribution to supporting the SDGs goals. This research is expected to contribute to academic literature and business practices related to the role of companies in sustainable development.
This study uses a quantitative approach. The population in this study is all companies listed in the DES (Sharia Securities List) that have annual reports and sustainability reports for the 2021-2023 period. The sampling technique used in this study is purposive sampling. The sample in this study is 70 companies. The data collection technique in this study is using documentation techniques. The hypothesis test in this study uses the formula 1) T-test, 2) F-test, and 3) Determination Coefficient Test.
Based on the results of the data analysis processed and the discussion that has been described by the researcher, the following conclusions are reached: 1) The current ratio of companies has a positive effect on the SDGs. This is because companies that show greater liquidity and profitability tend to have the necessary resources to support the SDGs. 2) Free cash flow does not influence the SDGs. This can happen because free cash flow only shows the availability of funds, and how the funds are used.  3) Environmental performance has a positive effect on the SDGs. This can happen because by increasing environmental performance, companies can help support the global goals (SDGs) related to environmental sustainability. 4) Tax avoidance carried out by companies will hurt the SDGs. This is because taxes are one of the largest revenues owned by the state. 5) Board gender diversity has a positive influence on the SDGs. This happens because the level of equality in the board can encourage an inclusive work culture and will have an impact on company productivity.
Zabezpečovací detence v osnově trestního zákoníku a návrhu zákona o výkonu zabezpečovací detence
Authors: Škvain Petr
Published: January 2025

The finally rejected bill of new Criminal Code (no. 744), debated in the Parliament of the Czech Republic from 2004 to 2006 also incorporated a new category of protective treatment measure – protective detention. The main purpose of this measure is to provide better protection of public against so called non adaptable dangerous offenders and to solve aged problem with execution of protective in-patient treatment. Because of the urgent need of practice for such a protective treatment measure The Ministry of Justice introduced separate bill of execution of protective detention. The article mainly deals with the detailed determination of protective detention as well as differences of both bills.
Několik poznámek ke konstrukci skutkových podstat ve zvláštní části návrhu trestního zákoníku 2006
Authors: Fenyk Jaroslav
Published: January 2025

Principle of “nullum crimen sine lege” has been framed the basic elements of crime since beginning of XIX Century within German speaking countries of the Europe. German speaking countries and these on cultural, political and historical influence of them (including the Czech territory) had been using similar dogmatic conception of crime elements, consisting of subjective and objective parts of crime. Czech legal theory in last 50 years has been influenced by Italian and Soviet legal theory of so called “material conception of crime” (social dangerousness).
In the Czech Republic, principle of “nullum crimen sine lege” (nullum crimen sine certa) is concerning esp. to fundamental elements of crime. The social dangerousness as corrective of formal elements of crime is applied for circumstances as conditions of more severe punishment. Draft Criminal Code 2006 based only on formal conception of crime (only formal elements are taken into consideration) does not recognise such corrective. Such access could lead to application problems in practice. The solution of not detailed general definition of conditions of more severe punishment is indicated?
Úmluvy OSN a jejich ratifikace
Authors: Scheinost Miroslav
Published: January 2025

Paper brings the brief information on the 16th session of the UN Commission on Crime Prevention and Criminal Justice in Vienna in April 2007. On this session the importance of the knowledgebased approach to face the threat of serious international crime was stressed as well as the need of coordinated and concerted international action. Based on results obtained from the research work of the Institute of Criminology and Social Prevention some selected findings and recommendation related to the new Penal Code are presented especially with regard to the definition of so-called criminal conspiracy. It is recommended to use the definition of organised criminal group constituted by the UN Convention against transnational organised crime. In this relation, the need of ratification of this convention as well as the UN Convention against corruption was noticed.
Selftrading a možnosti jeho trestněprávního postihu
Authors: Herczeg Jiří
Published: January 2025

The article is focused on the question whether is it necessary that the commercial code punishes the violation of the ban on competition. The writer draws the attention to particular interpretation problems of the criminal act of misuse the information in the commercial area in accordance with § 128 sec. 2 of the Criminal Code, namely to the missing link to the legislation background concerning the ban on competition in Commercial Code. Some characters of this crime are defined very generally so that it might be possible to include among wrongful such relations a protection of that by the criminal law has not been originally intended. In reality the repression tends to expand; the factual substance of the criminal act of misuse the information in commercial transactions shall be omitted or at least properly defined. The writer’s conclusion is that the use of the criminal law in commercial area shall be minimized through precise definitions of factual substance of crimes as well as through discussion about their content.
Europeizace ochrany měny
Authors: Tomášek Michal
Published: January 2025

Every Member State has jurisdiction over offences committed on its territory. In the case of the counterfeiting of the euro, however, the Member States having adopted the euro may bring prosecutions irrespective of the place where the offence was committed. If several Member States have jurisdiction, they are to cooperate with a view to centralising the prosecution in a single State. The euro is a central part of the economy, protecting it against counterfeiting is essential. Through this current directive, the Council ensures a general, cohesive and efficient system to protect the euro against counterfeiting. Criminal offences against single currency are to be classified as criminal offences in all the Member States. This means that the latter must provide for penalties for these offences, depending on whether natural or legal persons commit them. Penalties must be effective, proportionate and dissuasive. They will not necessarily involve deprivation of liberty, except in the most serious cases, which may give rise to extradition. Member States will have some discretion in determining the gravity of an offence and the nature and severity of the penalties that apply. The provisions of criminal law required for the effective implementation of Community law are a matter for the EC Treaty (first pillar): Where a criminal law provision specific to the matter in hand is needed to ensure the effectiveness of Community law, it is adopted under the first pillar only. But where there does not appear to be a need to resort to the criminal law at Union level or where there are already adequate horizontal provisions, specific legislation is not introduced at European level. This system brings to an end the double-text mechanism (directive or regulation and framework decision) which has been used on several occasions in the past. The horizontal criminal law provisions aimed at encouraging police and judicial cooperation fall within Title VI of the Union Treaty (third pillar): These provisions in the broad sense include measures on the mutual recognition of judicial decisions, measures based on the principle of availability, and measures on the harmonisation of criminal law. Those aspects of criminal law and criminal procedure which require a horizontal approach do not, in principle, fall within the scope of Community law, examples being questions linked to general rules of criminal law and criminal procedure as well as those related to police and judicial cooperation in criminal matters.
Podvod, poškozující společné zájmy ES a členských států; vývoj, vymezení, prevence a postih tohoto druhu kriminality
Authors: Fenyk Jaroslav
Published: January 2025

The definitions of “Fraud” in national criminal theory and practice shows that, in spite of the progress in development of criminal theory and practice, it is difficult to create a common definition of fraud offence within Europe based on so called centra) European model because European states sharply differ as to whether the relevant Jaw is found in such “general criminal offence”. It is fully concerned the European Union member states. In spite of the fact, the Union wished to combat fraud affecting expenditure and revenue by taking appropriate criminal-law measures, such as criminalisation of fraud, criminal penalties, criminal liability of heads of businesses and rules on jurisdiction. Therefore, member states of the European Union step by step became convinced that protection of the European Communities’ financial interests calls for the criminal prosecution of fraudulent conduct injuring those interests and requires, for that purpose, the adoption of a common definition. The Convention on the Protection of the Financial Interests of the European Communities introduced definition of fraud affecting the EC financial interests in respect of expenditure or revenue, for the protection common state and EC item. According to the Czech Criminal Code there are several distinct criminal offences corresponding to misappropriation of funds. The Czech Criminal code is for the most part compatible to the need for protection of financial interests of the European Union. The new draft Czech Criminal Code will introduce specific crime protection financial interest of EC based on elements required by Convention.
Právní opatření Evropské unie v boji proti terorismu
Authors: Scheu Harald Christian
Published: January 2025

The fight against terrorism is one of the main political and security challenges which the international community and the European Union have to cope with. In the past decades, terrorism very long considered as a domestic matter of states has developed into a crucial factor endangering international security. Therefore it is not surprising that the European Union has become actively engaged with counter-terrorism. In the present study we focus on several legal measures which the EU has adopted in the fight against terrorism. This article starts with an introduction to the historical development of counter-terrorism strategies and measures on the European level, special attention being paid to situation after the September 11, 2001 attacks in the USA. Besides a number of political decisions, the EU has adopted legal acts concerning the definition of terrorism, the harmonization of criminal Jaw, asset freezing and extradition law. The definition of terrorism is still to be regarded as an unsolved problem on the universal level of international Jaw. So far, no comprehensive legal definition has been adopted by the UN. Though criticized by some human rights lawyers, the definition contained in the EU framework decision of 2002 means a clarification and a certain improvement. States very often believe asset freezing as imposed by UN Security Council resolutions and implemented by EU legal acts to be one of the most effective counter-terrorism measures. However, as we have pointed out in the present study, those measures raise very serious human rights concerns, especially regarding the right to fair trial and court access. The corresponding sanction regime, therefore, should be adapted to the legal standards developed by international and domestic human rights documents. In the last chapter, the impact of the European Arrest Warrant has been analysed with a special view to the problem of terrorism. We have found that the traditional mechanism of extradition which is part to almost all international counter-terrorism conventions has been a rather weak instrument in the past. The European Arrest Warrant could speed up and simplify the surrender procedure between EU member states also in the fight against terrorism. So far, there is, however, no empirical proof for this suggestion.
Europeizace postihu nelegálního obchodu s drogami
Authors: Kloučková Světlana
Published: January 2025

Illegal drug trafficking is one of the major problems of the European Union. Since January I, 2007 the European Union has had 27 Member States. So-called Schengen area includes also Norway and Island. This space where internal borders are fading, associates roughly 500 million of people. This historically unique integration of Europe brings also new challenges that the Member States have to face. Since the nineties of the twenty-century the Council has enacting anti-drug strategies. The last one was enacted for years 2004–2012. Two anti-drug action plans that set particular tasks for preventing and combating illegal drug trafficking concur this strategy.
BIR-1, the Homologue of Human Survivin, Regulates Expression of Developmentally Active Collagen Genes in C. elegans
Authors: Libý P. , Pohludka M. , Vohánka J. , Kostrouchová M. , Kostrouch D. , Kostrouchová M. , Rall J. E. , Kostrouch Zdeněk
Published: January 2025

BIR-1 and Survivin are highly conserved members of the inhibitor of apoptosis protein family that regulate cell division in nematodes and mammals and inhibit apoptosis in mammals. In the C. elegans genome, bir-1 is organized in an operon together with transcription and splicing cofactor CeSKIP (skp-1) and is highly expressed during embryogenesis as well as in non-dividing cells during larval development. Previously we have shown that BIR-1 regulates transcription and development and its loss-of-function phenotype overlaps with loss of function of CeSKIP and nuclear hormone receptor CHR3 (NHR-23). Here we searched for genes whose expression is affected by BIR-1 loss of function using whole-genome microarray experiments and identified several collagen genes as candidate targets of bir-1 inhibition in L1 larval stage. The decreased expression of selected collagen genes in bir-1-inhibited larvae was confirmed by quantitative RT-PCR. Next, we generated transgenic lines expressing bir-1 mRNA under a heat shock-regulated promoter and tested whether bir-1 overexpression has the potential to augment the expression of genes that showed decreased expression in worms treated with bir-1 RNAi. Overexpression of bir-1 resulted in a pronounced increase (2 to 5 times) of the expression of these genes. Our findings support the concept that BIR-1, a protein generally regarded as a mitotic factor, is involved in the regulation of transcription during normal development of C. elegans and has a strong ability to affect transcription of developmentally active genes if overexpressed.
Protein Kinase Inhibitors
Authors: Shchemelinin Igor , Šefc L. , Nečas E.
Published: January 2025

Since protein kinases have been found to be implicated in many diseases, first of all malignancies, they are considered as promising therapeutic targets. Many protein kinase inhibitors have been designed by now. These molecules have a low molecular weight and most of them bind to protein kinases competing with ATP for the ATP-binding site. Some protein kinase inhibitors currently undergo clinical trials or have already been successfully introduced into treatment as exemplified by Bcr-Abl, c-kit and PDGFR inhibitor imatinib mesylate (Gleevec), flavopiridol and roscovitine, inhibitors of cyclin-dependent kinases, or erlotinib and gefitinib inhibiting EGFR. Discovery of these molecules seems to begin a new era in medicine, especially oncology. Targeting protein kinases represents a promising approach and gives us new hopes of effective non-invasive cancer treatment.
Erstellung eines Moodle-Selbstlernkurses zur Recherche- und Informationskompetenz an der Universitätsbibliothek Wien: ein Werkstattbericht
Authors: Fiala Sonja
Published: January 2025

In diesem Werkstattbericht wird die Erstellung eines Moodle-Selbstlernkurses zur Recherche- und Informationskompetenz an der Universitätsbibliothek Wien beschrieben. Die Plattform Moodle wird von der Universität Wien für die Organisation aller Lehrveranstaltungen genutzt. Dem Wunsch der Studierenden nach übersichtlicher Erstinformation zur Bibliotheksbenutzung wurde mit diesem Selbstlernkurs entsprochen. Die Erstellung erfolgte als abteilungsübergreifendes Projekt und wurde mit aktuellen Online-Tools realisiert.
Loblolly pine downed timber: Box-Behnken design and first derivative pretreatment for predictive modeling with near-infrared spectroscopy and machine learning (NIRS-ML)
Authors: Hernandez-Diaz Javier A. , Musah Munkaila , Bello Fatimatu , Via Brian , Peresin Maria S.
Published: January 2025

This study developed wood composition analysis by integrating nonlinear techniques, the first derivative as a mathematical pretreatment, and a Box-Behnken design to reduce the sample size for predictive models in downed timber characterization. Utilizing 15 out of 176 core samples subjected to a year of natural degradation, models exhibited comparable efficiency to full set models reported in the literature. Spectral pretreatment highlighted the efficacy of the first derivative and smoothing, achieving a balanced distribution of explained variance. Support vector machines (SVM) models, particularly the polynomial kernel, demonstrated competitive performance compared with other reports in the literature. Coefficients of determination (R
2) and root mean square errors (RMSEC and RMSEP), revealed the performance of the cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin models. The cellulose model exhibited the best performance, followed by hemicellulose and lignin. The best-performing kernel was the polynomial kernel with R
2 values of 0.92, 0.77, and 0.74 (cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin, respectively). The RMSEC were 1.21, 0.94, and 1.43, respectively. The RMSEP were 2.22, 1.31, and 0.47, respectively. Utilizing a reduced sample size and spectral pretreatment yielded competitive results, showcasing its potential for efficient wood composition prediction. These findings open avenues for streamlined, resource-efficient wood characterization, with implications for biorefineries and the circular economy.
The potential of generative AI with prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) PET/CT: challenges and future directions
Authors: Islam Md Zobaer , Spiro Ergi , Yap Pew-Thian , Gorin Michael A. , Rowe Steven P.
Published: January 2025

The diagnosis and prognosis of Prostate cancer (PCa) have undergone a significant transformation with the advent of prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA)-targeted positron emission tomography (PET) imaging. PSMA-PET imaging has demonstrated superior performance compared to conventional imaging methods by detecting PCa, its biochemical recurrence, and sites of metastasis with higher sensitivity and specificity. That transformation now intersects with rapid advances in artificial intelligence (AI) – including the emergence of generative AI. However, there are unique clinical challenges associated with PSMA-PET imaging that still need to be addressed to ensure its continued widespread integration into clinical care and research trials. Some of those challenges are the very wide dynamic range of lesion uptake, benign uptake in organs that may be adjacent to sites of disease, insufficient large datasets for training AI models, as well as artifacts in the images. Generative AI models, e.g., generative adversarial networks, variational autoencoders, diffusion models, and large language models have played crucial roles in overcoming many such challenges across various imaging modalities, including PET, computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, ultrasound, etc. In this review article, we delve into the potential role of generative AI in enhancing the robustness and widespread utilization of PSMA-PET imaging and image analysis, drawing insights from existing literature while also exploring current limitations and future directions in this domain.
Single-step fabrication of Ag2S/poly-2-mercaptoaniline nanoribbon photocathodes for green hydrogen generation from artificial and natural red-sea water
Authors: Aldosari Eman , Rabia Mohamed , Sanna Aimaro , Farid Osama
Published: January 2025

A novel and highly promising Ag2S-P2MA nanoribbon photocathodes are synthesized using a single-step technique based on 2-mercaptoaniline oxidation with (NH4)2S2O8 and AgNO3. This process yields polymer composites with nanoribbon morphologies, typically 150 nm wide and ranging from 500 to 1,000 nm in length. These nanoribbons exhibit excellent absorbance across the entire optical spectrum up to 780 nm. The fabricated Ag2S/P2MA photocathode is designed for water splitting to generate hydrogen gas using two different electrolytes: natural Red Sea water and artificial seawater free from heavy metals. This variation allows observation of the impact of seawater’s heavy metals. Hydrogen gas production is studied using a three-electrode cell with linear sweep voltammetry at room temperature. In both electrolytes, the photocurrent is measured at 0.015 mA/cm2. However, both the current density in light (J
ph) and dark (J
o) values decrease in artificial seawater compared to natural seawater, with values of −0.033 and −0.017 mA/cm2 in natural seawater and −0.027 and −0.012 mA/cm2 in artificial seawater. The Ag2S-P2MA nanoribbon photocathodes exhibit stable behavior, producing hydrogen at a rate of 12 µmol/cm2 h. Combined with their cost-effectiveness and potential for mass production, this positions them as viable candidates for commercial electrode applications in various industrial settings.
Thermal annealing and microwave irradiation in enhancing the mechanical performance of 3D printing CF/PA12 composite
Authors: Zhang Huifang , Zhi Jieying , Lu Xiaoxuan , Gao Xiaoqing , Sun Youyi , Yang Yu
Published: January 2025

3D printing polymers and their composites have shown considerable potential in various application fields, yet their limited mechanical properties have hindered widespread use in structural materials. Recently, postprocessing techniques have been proposed as efficient and convenient methods to enhance the mechanical properties of 3D printing structures. This study systematically investigates the effects of thermal annealing and microwave irradiation on the microstructure and mechanical properties of 3D printing carbon fiber reinforced polyamide 12 (CF/PA12). The results clearly demonstrate that thermal annealing significantly outperforms microwave irradiation in improving fiber–matrix interfacial adhesion and crystallization. Specifically, thermal annealing provides necessary time for molecular chain relaxation, effectively releasing internal stresses. Additionally, thermal annealing optimizes the transcrystalline structure at the fiber–matrix interface and the volume fraction of crystalline regions within the matrix. Compared to the pristine samples, the annealed 3D printing specimens exhibited increases of 19.34 % in tensile strength and 27.11 % in flexural strength. This research provides an in-depth insight into enhancing 3D printing CF/PA12 composites through postprocessing techniques and offers a scientific basis for their large-scale application.
Synergistic effects of salicylic acid, hydrogel, and sulphur sources for boosting the yield of rapeseed under limited irrigation
Authors: Dogra Palvi , Thakur Ankita , Kukreja Sarvjeet , Alfagham Alanoud T. , Gupta Rajeev Kumar , Ahmad Meraj , Dahiya Yogesh , Siddiqui Manzer H. , Alamri Saud
Published: January 2025

Preserving global rapeseed production against water shortages requires innovative strategies to enhance crop resistance. Despite its importance, rapeseed remains a water-intensive crop, making traditional irrigation practices unsustainable. Recent studies have explored methods to improve water use efficiency, and this study focuses on applying bioregulators to increase rapeseed yield under water-limited conditions, thereby contributing to food security and sustainability. A field experiment was conducted at the Agricultural Research Farm of Lovely Professional University during the 2021–2022 and 2022–2023 rabi seasons. The experiment, arranged in a split-plot design with 24 treatments, involved gypsum, bentonite sulphur, and elemental sulphur as various sulphur sources in main plots and hydrogel (2.5 kg/ha) and salicylic acid (150 ppm) applications at flowering and pod formation stages in subplots treatments. Gypsum (S1) notably improved seed yield, root length, and root dry weight. Additionally, hydrogel and salicylic acid applied during 50% flowering and 50% pod development (A6) produced the highest seed yield, root length, and root dry weight. This treatment also enhanced siliqua length and seed count, indicating the potential of gypsum and bioregulators in improving Brassica napus L. production under water-limited conditions.
Neformaliojo muzikinio ugdymo ypatumai dirbant įtraukioje klasėje: pedagogų patirčių analizė
Authors: Šauklė Ieva
Published: January 2025

Although more and more attention is paid to the development of inclusive education in Lithuanian education, but taking into account the fact that the success of any education depends on the ability of the pedagogue to work qualitatively in various conditions, inclusive education is still full of challenges. The article reviews the approach of researchers to non-formal music education when there are SEN children in the classroom, and also, through the empirical study, the challenges faced by pedagogues when teaching music students with special needs are revealed. The research revealed that the educational context of inclusion of non-formal music education is necessary, but full of challenges: lack of suitable conditions for working with children with SEN (addapted learning environment, variety of musical instruments, need for a teacher’s assistant), limited preparation of music educators for work in an inclusive classroom, insufficient knowledge of existing music and art school teachers about the development and learning characteristics of children with SEN.
Aerodynamic passive control systems of the space objects orbital motion
Authors: Alpatov Anatolii , Lapkhanov Erik , Palii Oleksandr
Published: January 2025

The monography considers the features of the design of space aerodynamic systems for passive control of spacecraft. One of the purposes of using this technology is the deorbiting of space debris fragments from working orbits. The classification of the aerodynamic deorbiting system has been proposed. Classes of aerodynamic systems are divided according to various criteria such as: the degree of stiffness of the aerodynamic element, according to the method of forming the aerodynamic deorbit system, according to the modularity of the design of
the aerodynamic element, into groups using the transformation of the design elements of the object, depending on the type of material, etc.

For scientific and engineering workers working in the field of rocket and space technology, as well as for graduate students and students of relevant specialties.
Kindergarten teachers’perceptions of 2-year-old-infants and infant education, and their needs for Leum education
Authors:   Research Institute for Early Childhood Education - Korea National University of Education, Chung Hoewook , Kim Heejin , Lee Jeong-eun
Published: January 2025

The purpose of this study was to explore the kindergarten teachers' perceptions of 2-year-old-infants and infant education, and their needs for Leum education. For this purpose, in-depth interviews were conducted with six classroom teachers who had experience teaching a 3-year-old class in kindergarten. The results of the study were as follows. First, kindergarten teachers' perceptions of 2-year-old-infants were characterized as ‘2-year-olds as unknown’, ‘independent periods of 2-year-olds and 3-year-olds’, and ‘2-year-olds in need of care’. Second, kindergarten teachers' perceptions of 2-year-old infant education were characterized as ‘the possibility of accompanying care and education’, and ‘daily life as an opportunity for education’. As for institutional needs, they suggested curriculum revision and support for human and material resources, and as for teacher education, they suggested awareness-change education and case-based education. This study implies that it is necessary to understand Leum education in terms of the connection between all educational processes experienced in the life of young children. It also suggests that a paradigm shift is needed in the field of early childhood education that supports Leum education.
Malformación arteriovenosa por nido capilar arteriovenoso en el plexo coroideo de una paciente de 5 años. Reporte de caso
Authors: Amaya-Muñoz María Juliana , Ardila-Gutiérrez María Alejandra , Cáceres-Ramírez Catalina , Amaya-Muñoz María Camila , Díaz-Díaz Angela Milena
Published: January 2025

Resumen
Introducción. Las malformaciones arteriovenosas (MAV) son anomalías infrecuentes que ocurren en aproximadamente 0.1% de la población general. Las MAV cerebrales suelen ser asintomáticas, pero las manifestaciones clínicas más comunes incluyen hemorragia intracerebral no traumática, siendo esta una de las complicaciones con mayor carga de morbimortalidad; estas MAV tienen una prevalencia del 0.02% en población pediátrica.
Presentación del caso. Niña de 5 años, previamente sana, quien fue llevada a un servicio de urgencias por dolor cervical asociado a síntomas neurológicos. La tomografía computarizada cerebral reportó hemorragia intraventricular, por lo que se realizó una ventriculostomía en la cual se colocó un catéter externo para iniciar drenaje. En la panangiografía realizada por parte del servicio de radiología intervencionista se observó un nido capilar arteriovenoso tipo II según la escala de Spetzler Martin en el plexo coroideo no candidato a manejo endovascular. Un año después del diagnóstico inicial se realizó la resección quirúrgica de la MAV de manera exitosa y la paciente evolucionó satisfactoriamente.
Conclusión. Las MAV cerebrales son raras y su diagnóstico y tratamiento dependen de la experiencia médica debido a la limitada literatura disponible sobre el tema. Por tanto, realizar estudios de imagen ante síntomas neurológicos inespecíficos es de gran importancia para lograr un diagnóstico oportuno e instaurar el tratamiento adecuado, evitando así desenlaces adversos.
Constructing National Culture
Authors: Tsetsentsolmon Baatarnaran
Published: January 2025

Mongolia has faced rapid ideological shifts towards global cosmopolitan perspectives since the collapse of state socialism in the 1990s. Contemporary Mongolian music and the performing arts are dynamic and market-oriented, and these new artistic practices contrast with existing institutional patterns and social settings inherited from the previous regime. In the field of artistic practices, there is a conflict between the old state structure, which was left intact as a vessel, and new individual creative content. This book explores cultural spaces, practices, and discourses forming the concept of ‘national culture’ in both state socialist and post-socialist contexts in Mongolia. Further illuminating the social memory and the role of the state in cultural production, this book advances scholarship with expansive perspectives on state socialist cultural politics, as well as on the (dis)continuity between cultural values and their social effects on the two social orders. Using new data on recent transformations in cultural practices since the 2000s, especially in the spheres of music and the performing arts, this book deconstructs current conceptions of cultural landscapes.
Construction of Narcotics Law Against Narcotics Abusers in Perspective Justice
Authors: Pranoto Heru , Adwani Adwani , Rizanizarli Rizanizarli , Gaussya Mohd
Published: January 2025

Article 54 of the Narcotic Drugs Act stipulates that drug abuse must undergo medical and social rehabilitation, but in fact, the provisions of Article 54 are not implemented to the maximum. This is evident from the existence of narcotic abusers who became non-rehabilitated addicts but dropped criminal penalties in prison. As a result, the agency is filled with excess capacity. The study's objectives are to investigate and evaluate the legal frameworks surrounding drugs law in order to fulfill the sense of justice towards drug abuse. This research is a normative law study, exploring legal thinking about the reconstruction of a fair law against drug abuse. To support data accuracy, legislative approaches, conceptual approaches, and comparison approaches are used. In normative legal research, data collection is carried out with library research and supplemented with field research. Data analysis is done qualitatively. The results of the research show that legal constructions that provide legal certainty, utility, and justice to drug addicts and drug users through a victim perspective, access to both social and medical rehabilitation, in addition to the trusts and purposes of the Narcotics Act, are ideal and coveted legislative constructions.
CAPACIDADE DE ABSORÇÃO, CAPITAL SOCIAL E AMBIDESTRIA
Authors: Popadiuk Silvio , Ramos Neves Genailda
Published: January 2025

O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar, no âmbito individual, a intensidade do capital social, da capacidade absortiva (ACAP) e da ambidestria, bem como os relacionamentos teóricos e empíricos entre esses construtos, visando aprimorar o atendimento de agentes de trânsito em termos de interpretação de normativas de trânsito. Foi aplicado um questionário estruturado e fechado em uma amostra de 136 respondentes envolvendo agentes de trânsito das 101 CIRETRANS do Estado do Paraná, Brasil. Três escalas com seis pontos foram utilizadas para a mensuração capacidade de absorção, capital social e ambidestria, no âmbito individual. São apresentadas estatísticas descritivas associadas aos indicadores de cada variável latente e a análise das hipóteses mediante equações estruturais utilizando-se do SMART-PLS 4.0. Os resultados da análise de equações estruturais evidenciaram que a ACAP exerce um efeito mais intenso sobre a ambidestria individual e o capital social individual, em comparação com o efeito do capital social sobre a ambidestria. Esses resultados têm implicações relevantes, no contexto da interpretação de normativas de trânsito por agentes de trânsito. A capacitação desses profissionais, visando o desenvolvimento da sua ACAP, pode ser uma estratégia eficaz para promover a ambidestria individual e, consequentemente, melhorar a qualidade dos serviços prestados à sociedade.
ESTRATÉGIAS DEFENSIVAS UTILIZADAS FRENTE À CONCILIAÇÃO MATERNIDADE E TRABALHO
Authors: DE JESUS ANDRADE CRISTIANO , FRANCO PEREIRA ANDRIELE , SILVA BACCELLI MARCELA
Published: January 2025

Comumente ao fim do período de licença maternidade as mulheres experimentam sofrimento psíquico. Uma vez que conciliar trabalho produtivo (fora de casa), trabalho reprodutivo (atividades domésticas) e a maternagem se configura como uma tarefa exigente a estas trabalhadoras/mães. Neste sentido, este artigo apresenta resultados parciais de um estudo que teve como parte de seus objetivos analisar as estratégias defensivas utilizadas por mulheres egressas da licença maternidade. Adotou-se como método de investigação a pesquisa qualitativa do tipo estudo de caso com recorte transversal. Participaram da pesquisa 13 profissionais da área de educação, todas vinculadas à administração pública de um município do Estado de Minas Gerais. A entrevista semiestruturada foi utilizada como instrumento de coleta, cujos conteúdos foram analisados à luz das premissas teóricas da análise de conteúdo de Bardin. Os resultados demonstram que, ao contrário do que sugerem teóricos da psicodinâmica do trabalho, as participantes deste estudo fazem uso das estratégias defensivas, não para se defenderem no contexto de trabalho, mas sim para saberem como lidar com seus conflitos pessoais frente à demanda de ser uma “boa mãe”. Considerando que na maior parte dos discursos a carreira se apresentou de modo antagônico ao papel de mãe e do exercício da maternagem.
Generalized mixtures of Gaussian processes with an application to Bitcoin daily price analysis
Authors: Desmond Anthony , Mardani-fard Heydar Ali , Jamalizadeh Ahad , Roozegar Roohollah
Published: January 2025

In this paper, we apply Rice’s formula, typically employed to calculate the mean number of upcrossings for stationary Gaussian processes, and extend it to the broader framework of generalized mixtures of Gaussian processes. The class of generalized mixtures of Gaussian distributions, recently introduced by [3], is highly comprehensive and includes significant subclasses such as mean mixtures of Gaussian, variance mixtures of Gaussian, meanvariance mixtures of Gaussian, and even scale mixtures of skew-Gaussian distributions. Consequently, our results hold substantial generality, enabling the extension of Rice’s formula to address specific scenarios within these subclasses.