bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Using shear force, sarcomere length, particle size, collagen content, and protein solubility metrics to predict consumer acceptance of aged beef tenderness
Authors: Holman Benjamin W. B. , Collins Damian , Kilgannon Ashleigh K. , Hopkins David L.
Published: April 2020

In this study, the relationship between sensory evaluation and several objective metrics of beef tenderness was tested. Objective metrics included shear force, sarcomere length, collagen content, myofibrillar, and sarcoplasmic protein solubility and particle size analysis. These results were compared to consumer panel scores of tenderness for the same aged beef striploin (longissimus lumborum muscle) samples. There was found to be a significant relationship between sarcomere length, shear force, and particle size with tenderness scores. Collagen content and protein solubilities were not associated to tenderness scores (p > 0.05). Sarcomere length contributions for explaining tenderness variation were overlapped by the contributions of shear force (collinearity). Independent models demonstrated that the lower 95% confidence interval of the fitted regression line exceeded 50% acceptance of tenderness when shear force values <42.6 N and when particle size values <198 μm. We can recommend these as thresholds for consumer acceptance of beef tenderness, although considerations of sample type, analytical methodology, and consumer demographics should be made prior to their adoption. This provision was based on the variation in tenderness scores evident between individual panelists and experimental striploins.
No evidence for the need of a routine renal transplant ultrasound after elective transplant ureteric stent removal—A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Hussein Aliyah , Sran Kiran , Ali Imran , Woellner Janine , Wilcox Helen , Marks Stephen D. , Jones Helen , Callaghan Chris
Published: April 2020

Transplant ureteric stent insertion reduces the incidence of MUCs, but it is not known whether routine PSRGU is needed to detect unmasked MUCs. This study evaluated whether routine PSRGU in the pRTR is a useful tool to identify MUCs before they become clinically apparent. A retrospective analysis was undertaken of the clinical outcomes following elective stent removal from pediatric kidney‐only transplant recipients at two London centers between 2012 and 2016. Our policy was to perform PSRGU either routinely or urgently if there were concerning symptoms or biochemical evidence of renal allograft dysfunction. Elective stent removal was performed in 86% (97 of 113 pRTR), and 75 (77%) of whom had routine PSRGU at a median (IQR) of 6 (2‐8) days after stent removal. There were changes to management in 3 (4%) of pRTR with PSRGU identifying no MUC. Nineteen patients (25%) had urgent PSRGU, most commonly due to renal allograft dysfunction, at a median (IQR) of 5.5 (2.7‐12.3) days after stent removal. Of these, two pRTR required ureteric intervention. For our current practice of removing transplant stents at 4‐6 weeks post‐transplantation, our study has found no evidence to support routine PSRGU after elective stent removal.
Local Government Perspectives on Collaborative Governance: A Comparative Analysis of Iowa's Watershed Management Authorities
Authors: Yoder Landon , Ward Adam S. , Spak Scott , Dalrymple Kajsa E.
Published: April 2020

Collaborative governance has been promoted for decades as a means to tackle complex water management problems worldwide. Yet, watershed based efforts often lack interdependent consequences that can motivate participation, given upstream–downstream asymmetries. Additionally, watershed collaborations often have limited legal authority to take action, which can be due to political conflicts. While local governments often participate in collaborations, few studies have examined their motivations or how local governments could use existing legal authority to enact projects or change policies. This paper focuses on four cases in Iowa, USA, where local governments self‐organized to form watershed management authorities and undertake collaborative planning and management. We conduct a qualitative study to examine why local governments participate in collaborative governance and how they use their existing legal authorities. We found that local governments participated primarily to leverage external funding opportunities, while the advantage of multijurisdictional collaboration to reduce flooding and water quality was important but secondary. Using legal authorities to form agreements occurred in two cases to address flooding, but in all four cases collaboratives largely avoided water quality because of political tensions. We discuss the implications for how local governments might address the challenges of generating commitments and issues of legitimacy to act.
Effects of Self-Selected Step Length and Trunk Position on Joint Kinetics in Highly Physically Fit Older Adults
Authors: Krupenevich Rebecca L. , Miller Ross H.
Published: April 2020

The causes of age-related differences in lower-extremity joint moments and powers are unknown. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of highly physically active older adults walking with (1) a step length similar to young adults and (2) an upright trunk posture, on hip and ankle joint kinetics. The authors hypothesized that, compared with their self-selected walking mechanics, older adults would exhibit decreased hip kinetics and increased ankle kinetics when prescribed a young adult step length, and would exhibit decreased hip extension moments when maintaining an upright trunk posture during walking. A total of 12 active older adults (67 [5] y) and 13 active young adults (21 [3] y) walked at 1.3 m/s. The older adults also walked at 1.3 m/s with step lengths prescribed from height-matched young adults and, in a separate condition, walked with an upright trunk. The older adults did not display larger ankle kinetics or smaller hip kinetics in either condition compared to walking with a self-selected step length. These findings indicate that step length and trunk position do not primarily contribute to age-related differences in kinetics in highly active older adults and should serve as a starting point for investigating alternative explanations.
Magnetic response from constant backgrounds to Coulomb sources
Authors: Adorno T. C. , Gitman D. M. , Shabad A. E.
Published: April 2020

Within general nonlinear electrodynamics given by a local action, very special magnetic field configuration carrying no magnetic charge is found as a linear response of the vacuum, filled with constant electric and magnetic fields, to an embedded static electric charge. When the electric charge is point-like and external fields are parallel, the response found may be interpreted as a field of two point-like magnetic charges of opposite polarities in one point. Coefficients characterizing the magnetic response and induced current are specialized to quantum electrodynamics (QED), where the nonlinearity is taken as that determined by the local Heisenberg–Euler effective action. It is demonstrated how the same response is reproduced in the (nonisotropic) region remote from the charge by considering the polarization operator of QED.
The Beneficial Effects of Conventional Visual Cues Are Retained When Augmented Reality Glasses Are Worn
Authors: Janssen Sabine , de Ruyter van Steveninck Jaap , Salim Hizirwan S. , Bloem Bastiaan R. , Heida Tjitske , van Wezel Richard J.A.
Published: April 2020

Wearing smart glasses may be distracting and thus annihilate the beneficial effects of cues on freezing of gait in Parkinson’s disease. Furthermore, augmented reality cues might be effective in reducing FOG specifically in cueing-responsive patients. We present a single-patient study in which a patient with Parkinson’s disease traversed a doorway under different cueing conditions. Wearing augmented reality (AR) glasses did not deteriorate FOG nor affect the beneficial effects of cues. The AR visual cues did not improve FOG. This single-patient study implies that the current design of AR glasses does not stand in the way of the development of augmented reality visual cues. However, the effectivity of augmented reality visual cues remains to be proven.
Dietary Intake of Sodium during Infancy and the Cardiovascular Consequences Later in Life: A Scoping Review
Authors: Emmerik Nikki E. , de Jong Femke , van Elburg Ruurd M.
Published: April 2020

Background: High sodium intake is a leading cause of cardiovascular diseases in adults. Further, there is evidence that events in early life are predictors for health outcomes in later life. However, little is known about the impact of early sodium intake on (cardiovascular) health outcomes in later life. Summary: We performed a scoping review of 25 articles, including 11 review studies, 8 randomized controlled trials, 5 prospective cohort studies, and 1 retrospective cohort study, all describing the relationship between the amount of sodium intake during the first 6 months after birth and the health effects and/or risk to cardiovascular disease later in life. We divided the results into 2 different groups: human and animal studies. Key Messages: The results show that high sodium intake in the first 6 months after birth may lead to negative health effects such as higher blood pressure, due to factors like salty taste preference and alterations of the renal system. The findings of this study suggest that the amount of sodium in the diet of an infant in the first 6 months after birth may have an impact on cardiovascular health outcomes in later life.
ЗНАННЯ ІСТОРІЇ ТУБЕРКУЛЬОЗУ – ЗАПОРУКА УСПІХУ І ЗАСТЕРЕЖЕННЯ ВІД ПОМИЛОК
Authors: Piatnochka I. T. , Kornaha S. I.
Published: April 2020

Мета: привернути увагу лікарів до проблеми туберкульозу через знання історичного минулого і застерегти від помилок на майбутнє.

Матеріали і методи. В основу покладено літературні повідомлення, дані офіційної статистичної звітності, а також власні багаторічні спостереження та дослідження.

Результати. У статті наведено найважливіші дані щодо туберкульозу в історичному аспекті як у світовому масш­табі, так і в Україні. Проаналізовано статистичні дані про захворюваність, смертність від туберкульозу, ефективність його лікування в розрізі десятиліть. Звернено увагу на необґрунтовано хибні думки, що всі питання про туберкульоз вже вирішені та є утопічні прогнози про його ліквідацію як розповсюдженого захворювання у багатьох країнах світу. Україну спіткала така ж ситуація, що призвело до епідемії туберкульозу (1995 р.). Завдяки міжнародній допомозі, цілеспрямованим діям українського уряду вдалося зупинити спалах епідемії. Попри успіхи у подоланні туберкульозу в Україні за останні роки виникли деякі стратегічні помилки в боротьбі з цим захворюванням. Обговорено сприйняття передового світового досвіду, його втілення щодо реорганізації протитуберкульозної служби в Україні.

Висновки. Досвід світової та вітчизняної фтизіатрії дозволяє фахівцям повніше зрозуміти проблему туберкульозу як захворювання з його поліморфним патоморфозом і невдачами в боротьбі з ним. Проте проявляються стратегічні прорахунки, поспішно закриваються протитуберкульозні заклади, скорочується ліжковий фонд і кількість фтизіатрів.
Seasonal and climatic variation in the incidence of adult acute appendicitis: a seven year longitudinal analysis
Authors: York Thomas James
Published: April 2020

Background

Acute appendicitis represents an extremely common surgical emergency, yet its aetiology remains uncertain. A multifactorial understanding of its causation has emerged along with increasing evidence of seasonal variation.

This study seeks to find evidence for such a circannual trend within the United Kingdom (UK), and further assess key meteorological indicators which may be causative of any such variation.

Methods

The patient records of a region health body in the North East of England were retrospectively assessed over a 7-year period. The incident cases of acute appendicitis were recorded and averaged by month before undergoing statistical analysis for variation and correlation with average temperature, sunlight hours, and rainfall.

Results

The incidence of acute appendicitis revealed significant seasonal variation with only 38 incident cases in the months of January compared to 73 in July, a 92.1% increase.

Only a weak correlation was seen between incidence and average sunlight hours/rainfall, however a significant, positive correlation was found between incidence and average temperature (r = 0.58, p = 0.048).

Conclusion

Compelling evidence is found to support the existence of a circannual trend for acute appendicitis. Data suggests a seasonal peak in the month of July, accompanied by a low in January, a finding that develops the understanding of this trend from previously equivocal research in the UK.

A clear correlation is also established between the incidence of acute appendicitis and average temperature. The 92.1% increase between the coolest and warmest months suggests a greater magnitude for this as a risk factor than has previously been shown.
A comprehensive Chinese experience against SARS-CoV-2 in ophthalmology
Authors: Yu A-Yong , Tu Ruixue , Shao Xu , Pan Anpeng , Zhou Kaijing , Huang Jinhai
Published: April 2020

The 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has now swept through the continents and poses a global threat to public health. Several investigations have been conducted to identify whether COVID-19 can be transmitted through the ocular route, and the conclusion is that it is a potential route but remains uncertain. Due to the face-to-face communication with patients, frequent exposure to tears and ocular discharge, and the unavoidable use of equipment which requires close proximity, ophthalmologists carry a high risk of contracting severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Based on 33 articles published by Chinese scholars, guidelines and clinical practice experience in domestic hospitals, we have summarized the Chinese experience through the lens of ophthalmology, hoping to make a contribution to protecting ophthalmologists and patients around the world.
A review on process-oriented approaches for analyzing novice solutions to programming problems
Authors: Villamor Maureen M.
Published: April 2020

High attrition and dropout rates are common in introductory programming courses. One of the reasons students drop out is loss of motivation due to the lack of feedback and proper assessment of their progress. Hence, a process-oriented approach is needed in assessing programming progress, which entails examining and measuring students’ compilation behaviors and source codes. This paper reviews the elements of a process-oriented approach including previous studies that have used this approach. Specific metrics covered are Jadud’s Error Quotient, the Watwin Score, Probabilistic Distance to Solution, Normalized Programming State Model, and the Repeated Error Density.
On Global Solvability of a Problem of a Viscous Liquid Motion in a Deformable Viscous Porous Medium
Authors: Tokareva M.A.
Published: April 2020

The initial-boundary value problem for the system of one-dimensional motion of viscous liquid in a deformable viscous porous medium is considered. The introduction presents the relevance of a theoretical study of this problem, scientific novelty, theoretical and practical significance, methodology and research methods, a review of publications on this topic. The first paragraph shows the conclusion of the model and the statement of the problem. In paragraph 2, we consider the case of motion of a viscous compressible fluid in a poroelastic medium and prove the local theorem on the existence and uniqueness of the problem. In the case of an incompressible fluid, the global solvability theorem is proved in the Holder classes in paragraph 3. In paragraph 4, an algorithm for the numerical solution of the problem is given. Mathematical models of fluid filtration in a porous medium apply to a broad range of practical problems. The examples include but are not limited to filtration near river dams, irrigation, and drainage of agricultural fields, oil and gas production, in particular, the dynamics of hydraulic fractures, problems of degassing coal and shale deposits in order to extract methane; magma movement in the earth's crust, geotectonics in the study of subsidence of the earth's crust, processes occurring in sedimentary basins, etc. A feature of the model of fluid filtration in a porous medium considered in this paper is the inclusion of the mobility of the solid skeleton and its poroelastic properties.
Theophrastus on Perceiving
Authors: Caston Victor
Published: April 2020

Many fragments from Theophrastus on perception are preserved by the late Neoplatonist, Priscian of Lydia. After preliminary source criticism concerning how to identify the fragments, I turn to Theophrastus’ discussion of perceiving and perceptual awareness. While he clearly rejects literalism, he also does not embrace “spiritualism”: he argues instead that we receive the defining proportions of perceptible qualities in the sense organ, though in different contraries than in the perceptible (thereby avoiding literalism). If Priscian’s report is faithful, Theophrastus also accepts a moderate capacity reading ofDe animaIII.2, locating awareness in a central monitoring sense, common to the individual modalities; and this has further implications for the unity of consciousness. Theophrastus’ method, though aporetic in form, is nonetheless a constructive engagement with the same texts of Aristotle’s we have ourselves, in the service of a joint research program in psychology that he shared with his colleague and former teacher.
ЗВ’ЯЗОК ЗАДОВОЛЕНОСТІ ЖИТТЯМ ЗІ СТАВЛЕННЯМ ДО ГРОШЕЙ У ОСІБ ЮНАЦЬКОГО ВІКУ
Authors: Власова-Чмерук Оксана , Юдко Аліна
Published: April 2020

Питання про те, наскільки переживання задоволеності  життям, відчуття щастя може бути пов’язане з достатком, фінансовим благополуччям людини, здавна є предметом наукових розвідок для еко­но­­містів, соціологів та психологів. Актуальність досліджень цієї теми пов’язана  зі змінами монетарних цін­ностей сучасної молоді. В статті представлені результати емпіричного дослідження зв’язку задо­воленості життям зі  ставленням до грошей у молоді. Описано процедуру дослідження з використанням чотирьох методик: тесту «Індекс задоволеності життям» в адаптації Н. В. Паніної; тесту «Діагностика задоволеності життям» А. Б. Білоусової; опитувальника «Суб’єктивне економічне благополуччя» В. А. Ха­щен­ко; методики «Шкала грошових уявлень та поведінки» в модифікації М. В.  Сімків. За результатами емпі­ричного дослідження встановлено, що негативні установки щодо грошей (грошова одержимість, неадекватне поодження з грошима, сприйняття грошей як інструменту влади і впливу) погіршують емоційний компонент задоволеності життям (настрій), знижують задоволеність життям у сфері кохан­ня. Економічний оптимізм, спокійне і зважене ставлення до грошей, відчуття того, що власний достаток відповідає власним потребам, допомагає людині відчувати задоволеність від життя в аспектах: вміння насолоджуватися відпочинком, задоволення від високої динаміки життя. Економічний оптимізм також дозволяє відчувати задоволення від досягнення поставлених цілей. Результати дослідження дозволяють наголосити на важливості розробки спеціальних програм для розвитку фінансової грамотності, своє­час­ного формування позитивних установок щодо грошей  підлітків та юнаків
ФУНКЦІЇ НАРЦИСИЧНОЇ САМОРЕГУЛЯЦІЇ У КОНТЕКСТІ ОСОБИСТІСНОГО САМОЗДІЙСНЕННЯ
Authors: Клименко Марія
Published: April 2020

У статті теоретично обґрунтовано та емпірично встановлено зв’язок нарцисичної саморегуляції та особистісного самоздійснення. Нарцисична саморегуляція – це механізм саморегуляції психодинамічного типу, що дбає про стабільність та цілісність Self-системи, позитивне сприймання себе, здорову самоцін­ність та самоповагу. Конкретизовано, що особистісна самоцінність  – це умова відкритості до екзистен­ційних цінностей, які пропонує життя; змога обрати та наважитися реалізовувати власний життєвий вибір; готовність дбати про особистий сенс існування. Нарцисична саморегуляція скерована на забез­пе­чення потреб безпеки та повноцінного функціонування у соціальному середовищі; пошук та підтримання ціннісних орієнтирів, увінчуючи все потребами вести більш наповнене, осмислене життя, яке не фік­сується лиш на самоствердженні, а розкриватиме себе у  сповненості. 

Зафіксовано, що загальний показник самоздійснення (сповненості) перебуває у зв’язку майже з усі­ма показниками функціонування нарцисичної саморегуляції, зокрема рівнем нарцисизму та індексом функ­ціо­­нування системи Self. Виявлено, що особи з вищими показниками сповненості характеризуються більш наближеними значеннями індексу функціонування загальної системи Self до значень ідеально сильного Self при зростанні рівня нарцисизму. Натомість підвищений рівень нарцисизму не виключає того, що само­ре­гу­ляція виконує свою функцію навіть краще, ніж при рівні нижчому. Тож емпірично підтверджено, що від­чут­тя власної цінності може бути однією з важливих умов формування екзистенційної відкритості до світу.

Статистично проаналізовано чинники сповненості, що лежать в основі функціонування нар­цисич­ної саморегуляції, та виявлено, що ними є: сила Self, значущість Self, наявність особистісного ідеалу само­достатності, низька схильність до знецінювання інших людей, менш актуальне прагнення похвали та отри­мання нарцисичної вигоди від захворювання, потреба в ідеальному Self-об’єкті, помірно виражена потреба в іпохондричному захисті від тривоги. Отже, підтверджено, що нарцисична саморегуляція причетна до задоволення потреби у сенсі життя, оцінки життєвого досвіду як більш наповненого змістом
Fusion Method Evaluation and Classification Suitability Study of Wetland Satellite Imagery
Authors: Zhu Danyao , Wan Luhe , Gao Wei
Published: April 2020

Based on HJ-1A HSI data and Landsat-8 OLI data, RS image fusion experiments were carried out using three fusion methods: principal component (PC) transform, Gram Schimdt (GS) transform and nearest neighbor diffusion (NND) algorithm. Four evaluation indexes, namely mean, standard deviation, information entropy and average gradient, were selected to evaluate the fusion results from the aspects of image brightness, clarity and information content. Wetland vegetation was classified by spectral angle mapping (SAM) to find a suitable fusion method for wetland vegetation information extraction. The results show that PC fusion image contains the largest amount of information, GS fusion image has certain advantages in brightness and clarity maintenance, and NND fusion method can retain the spectral characteristics of the image to the maximum extent; Among the three fusion methods, PC transform is the most suitable for wetland information extraction. It can retain more spectral information while improving spatial resolution, with classification accuracy of 89.24% and Kappa coefficient of 0.86.
Study on Optimization Method of Spatial Structure Characteristics of Peak Forest Landform in Wulingyuan Scenic Area
Authors: Zhang Qian
Published: April 2020

To protect the ecological environment of peak forest landform and maintain its integrity and stability, the optimization method of spatial structure characteristics of peak forest landform in Wulingyuan Scenic Area was studied. By using GIS and digital topographic analysis to study the basic features of sandstone peak forest landform, Wulingyuan peak forest landform and karst peak forest have great differences in lithological composition, weathering resistance is better than Cheltenham Badland landform; by using tree theory to analyze the features of Wulingyuan peak forest landform, according to area weight serialization of contour tree nodes, we can know the depression area. The karstification is stronger than that of the peak forest area, and the surface is relatively fragmented. Based on different landscape indices, the landscape pattern of Wulingyuan peak forest is analyzed. The fragmentation degree of vegetation is lower, and the fragmentation degree of building landscape is first increased, then decreased, and finally intensified. The proportion of artificial landscape decreases year by year and the trend of fragmentation is obvious. Based on the present situation of spatial structure characteristics of Wulingyuan peak forest landform, optimization methods such as combining centralization with decentralization and improving the quality of artificial landscape ecosystem were put forward.
Características anatómicas de las vías biliares en una muestra de cadáveres de población colombiana
Authors: Quijano Yobany
Published: April 2020

Introducción. En comparación con otros países, los estudios sobre características anatómicas de vías biliares en población colombiana son escasos.Objetivo. Analizar las características anatómicas de las vías biliares en una muestra de 60 tractos gastrointestinales de población colombiana.Materiales y métodos. Se realizó un estudio descriptivo analítico transversal donde se emplearon y disecaron las vías biliares de 60 tractos gastrointestinales humanos.Resultados. Según la clasificación de Blumgart de las variaciones anatómicas del tracto biliar, se encontraron las siguientes variaciones: Tipo A (78.3%), Tipo B (5%), Tipo C2 (3.3%), Tipo D2 (1.7%), Tipo E1 (1.7%), Tipo E2 (8.3%) y Tipo F (1.7%). En cuanto a las dimensiones promedio de las vías biliares extrahepáticas, se encontraron los siguientes diámetros y longitudes: conducto hepático derecho, 3.62mm y 10.64mm; conducto hepático izquierdo, 3.66mm y 10.74mm; conducto hepático común, 4.97mm y 25.59mm, y conducto colédoco, 4.90mm y 39.58mm. En general, las características anatómicas observadas en la mayoría de la muestra fueron similares a las reportadas en la literatura.Conclusiones. En el 78.3% de los casos se observaron características anatómicas usuales, mientras que las variantes anatómicas estuvieron presentes en el 21.7%. La longitud y el diámetro de las vías biliares están dentro del promedio reportado en la literatura.
Use of non-pharmacological interventions during urinary catheter insertion for reducing urinary tract infections in non-immunocompromised adults. A systematic review
Authors: Saenz-Montoya Ximena , Grillo-Ardila Carlos Fernando , Amaya-Guio Jairo , Muñoz-Vesga Jessica
Published: April 2020

Introduction: Catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTI) account for up to 30% of hospital-acquired infections. In this regard, several studies have reported the use of non-pharmacological interventions during urinary catheter insertion aimed at reducing the occurrence rate of CAUTI.Objective: To assess the safety and effectiveness of using non-pharmacological interventions during urinary catheter insertion aimed at reducing the risk of contracting infections in non-immunocompromised adults.Material and methods. A literature review was conducted in MEDLINE, Embase, and LILACS databases. Only randomized clinical trials comparing the use of non-pharmacological interventions with the use of placebos, the use of pharmacological interventions or the lack of any intervention at all during catheter insertion were included.Results: Eight studies were retrieved (8.718 participants). Based on the evidence found in the review (low-quality and very low-quality evidence according to the quality classification GRADE system), using non-pharmacological interventions reduces the frequency of asymptomatic bacteriuria episodes (RR: 0.67, 95%CI 0.48-0.94; 7 studies) or minor side effects (RR: 0.84, 95% CI 0.74-0.96; 4.157; 2 studies), but does not reduce the occurrence rate of symptomatic urinary tract infections (RR: 0.90, 95%CI 0.61-1.35; 4 studies) or improves quality-of-life scores (MD –0.01 EQ-5D scale; 95%CI (-0.03)-(0.01), 1 study).Conclusion: The use of non-pharmacological interventions during urinary catheter insertion does not imply any risk at all, instead it could help reduce the occurrence rate of infections associated with this procedure, such as asymptomatic bacteriuria and minor adverse events; however, there is very little evidence (in fact, low and very low quality evidence) to make conclusions on the effectiveness of these interventions.
Transferencia de Huber para mejorar la oposición del pulgar hipoplásico: resultados de una serie de casos
Authors: Vergara-Amador Enrique , Castellar-Torres Yimer
Published: April 2020

Introducción. La transferencia del abductor digiti minimi o transferencia de Huber permite restaurar la oposición del pulgar y presenta varias ventajas sobre otras técnicas de transferencias de oposición, ya que reemplaza musculatura intrínseca del pulgar por otro músculo intrínseco de la región hipotenar, lo que mejora el volumen de la eminencia tenar. Este procedimiento es usado preferiblemente en los tipos II y III de hipoplasia de pulgar.Objetivo. Describir los resultados funcionales de la transferencia de Huber en una serie de pacientes con hipoplasia de pulgar.Materiales y métodos. Estudio observacional descriptivo realizado en 11 pacientes con hipoplasia de pulgar operados mediante la técnica Huber y a quienes se les había realizado un seguimiento mínimo de 6 meses. Además, algunos habían sido sometidos a pulgarización debido al tipo de hipoplasia que presentaban.Resultados. La edad promedio de los participantes al momento de la cirugía fue de 35 meses y el tiempo promedio de seguimiento fue de 15.4 meses. El promedio de la función de oposición, según la escala modificada de Kapandji mejoró de 1.63 (intervalo de 1-2) a 3.72 (intervalo 2-4).Conclusión. Se obtuvieron buenos resultados funcionales al emplear esta técnica, logrando una mejora general de la oposición según la escala de Kapandji: en 9 pacientes aumentó a grado 4 y en otro pasó de 1 a 3; solo en 1 caso la mejora no fue significativa (grado 1 a 2) dado que el paciente presentaba rigidez de los dedos asociada a Vacterl. La transferencia de Huber es una técnica que permite obtener buenos resultados funcionales de oposición para el pulgar hipoplásico.
Efecto de la crioterapia en la articulación tibiotarsiana en el área de sección transversa del tibial anterior y el sóleo en ratas
Authors: Ramírez-Ramírez Carolina
Published: April 2020

Introducción. La crioterapia se usa para tratar la inflamación articular aguda, sin embargo su efecto sobre el músculo relacionado con la articulación inflamada aún no ha sido estudiado.Objetivo. Evaluar el efecto de la crioterapia sobre la articulación tibiotarsiana en el área de sección transversa (AST) de los músculos tibial anterior (TA) y sóleo en ratas con inflamación articular aguda.Materiales y métodos. Estudio experimental realizado en 32 ratas Wistar que fueron asignadas aleatoriamente a cuatro grupos: Control, Inflamación, Crioterapia-A y Crioterapia-B. El AST de las fibras de los músculos se midió 72 horas después de haberse iniciado el experimento.Resultados. En el tibial anterior hubo una reducción significativa del AST de las fibras musculares en los grupos Inflamación y Crioterapia-B en comparación con el grupo Control, mientras que en el grupo Crioterapia-A no se observó una reducción significativa en dicha área al compararlo con el Control. En el caso del músculo sóleo, se observó una reducción significativa del área en todos los grupos experimentales.Conclusión. El uso de crioterapia una vez al día por tres días atenúa el efecto atrófico de la inflamación articular aguda sobre el músculo TA, lo que confirma su importancia en el control del efecto deletéreo de la inflamación aguda sobre músculos de contracción rápida.
Analysis of Job Satisfaction of Workers in Lifelong Learning Centers for People with Disabilities: Focusing on Gyeonggi Province
Authors: Kim Dooyoung , Ryu Jaeyeon ,   The Korean Society of Special Education
Published: April 2020

The current study was implemented on the basis of previous studies concluding that job satisfaction could be related to the operating efficiency of lifelong learning centers. The purpose of this study is to investigate and analyze job satisfaction of workers in a variety of lifelong learning centers for people with disabilities and further identify the differences in job satisfaction depending on various variables. The centers include evening classes for people with disabilities, welfare centers for people with disabilities, daycare centers for people with disabilities, residential facilities for people with disabilities, and job rehabilitation facilities for people with disabilities. For the current study, a survey was conducted and the results of 201 workers who are currently working in those centers were analyzed. The major findings are presented as follows. First, after analyzing job satisfaction of workers in the centers by seven categories, including job, salary, promotion, head, colleague, workplace and holding of current positions, we found that satisfaction in the promotion category was less than average and this showed a relatively lower level of satisfaction. Second, the difference in job satisfaction depending on the characteristics of the workplace revealed that workers in the evening class for people with disabilities showed a relatively lower level of satisfaction on salary and promotion. In addition, both workers in urban organizations and those in urban and rural-complex organizations showed a relatively lower level of satisfaction regarding promotion and workplace, respectively. Furthermore, we noted that workers in private-run centers were relatively less satisfied with salary, promotion, and workplace. Third, for the category of job satisfaction, depending on the demographic characteristics of workers in lifelong learning centers for people with disabilities, there were remarkable differences by sub-areas according to gender, age, academic background, career and employment type. In particular, men showed a significantly higher level of job satisfaction in all areas compared to women. Based on the above results, we suggest ways to improve the job satisfaction of workers in lifelong learning centers for people with disabilities.
Morphological processing of Compound Words in Children with Poor Reading Comprehension: Morphological Priming Effect
Authors: Joo Eunji , Hwang Mina , Choi Kyungsoon ,   The Korean Society of Special Education
Published: April 2020

The purpose of this study is to examine the intrinsic morphological processes of children with poor reading comprehension. The subjects of this study were 16 children with poor reading comprehension in the 4th to 6th grades and 16 typically developing children. All children performed the lexical decision task of judging the words based on the compound target words presented after the priming words. At this time, there were three priming conditions: morpheme duplication with a target word, notation duplication with a target word, and unrelated with a target word. The accuracy and judgment response time were measured in real-time. As a result, in lexical judgment accuracy, children with poor reading comprehension showed no difference compared to typically developing children. On the other hand, in the lexical judgment response time, children with poor reading comprehension showed significantly lower performance under all priming conditions than their typically developing peers. The results show that children with poor reading comprehension have inefficient morphological recognition ability compared to their typically developing peers, but their developmental patterns are similar.
Kablosuz haberleşme uygulamaları için boyutu küçültülmüş basılı log-periyodik çift kutuplu anten
Authors: OZGONUL Mehmet Can , SEÇMEN Mustafa
Published: April 2020

Bu çalışmada, kablosuz haberleşme uygulamaları
için boyutları birinci dereceden yarı çember yapılar kullanılarak azaltılmış çift
kutuplardan oluşan bir basılı log-periyodik çift kutuplu anten (LPÇKA) önerilmiştir.
Antenin besleme hattının başlangıcına dikdörtgen küçük yamalar eklenmesi ve
sonuna dikdörtgen oyuklar açılarak bant genişliği arttırılmıştır. Yarı
çemberlerin kullanımı ile standart basılı LPÇKA’in boyutlarına göre önerilen
antende yaklaşık %14 oranında bir azalma elde edilmiştir. Yarı çember yapılar,
boyut küçültmenin yanında antenin çalışma frekansının üst bandını Bluetooth ve
2,4 GHz Wi-Fi kablosuz haberleşme frekanslarını da kapsayacak şekilde 2,5 GHz’e
çıkarmış olup dikdörtgen yarık ise alt bandı RFID ve GSM 900 frekanslarını
içerecek şekilde 0,86 GHz seviyelerine çekmiştir. Üretilen yapının ölçüm
sonuçlarına göre, antenin birçok kablosuz haberleşme uygulamasında
kullanılabilecek şekilde 0,86 GHz ile 2,5 GHz aralığı gibi geniş bir çalışma
frekansında 10 dB’den iyi geri dönüş kaybına, 4,75 dBi ± 0,75 dBi gibi oldukça
kararlı/düşük değişimli bir anten kazancına ve literatürdeki benzer çalışmalara
göre daha küçük boyutlara sahip olduğu görülmüştür.
A Damping Modification Factor Prediction Model for Horizontal Displacement Spectrum from Subduction Interface Earthquakes in Japan Accounting for Site Conditions
Authors: Zhou Jun , Zhao John X.
Published: April 2020

This article presents a damping modification factor (DMF) model without source and path parameters for subduction interface earthquakes in Japan using a similar dataset as the one used in the Zhao, Liang, et al. (2016) study. Site effect was modeled by site classes based on site periods. DMF models were constructed using the spectra for 13 damping ratios at 34 spectral periods. The DMF values can be calculated in a damping ratio range of 1%–30% and in a spectral period range of 0.03–5.0 s. The effect of damping ratios was modeled by a simple quadratic function of the damping ratios in the logarithm scale, and the effect of the spectral period was modeled by a simple fourth-order polynomial of the spectral period also in the logarithm scale. The DMF value is 1.0 at a spectral period of ≤0.02  s . At long periods >5.0  s, the DMFs for different damping ratios appear to converge to 1.0, satisfying the condition of constant displacement spectrum at long periods. For an extrapolation to >5.0  s for a damping ratio <5%, DMF=1.0 can be selected when DMF<1.0; for a damping ratio >5%, DMF=1.0 can be selected when DMF>1.0. For a damping ratio <5%, all standard deviations decrease linearly with increasing damping ratios in the logarithm scale; for a damping ratio >5%, all standard deviations increase linearly with increasing damping ratios in the logarithm scale. A smoothed displacement spectrum useful for engineering designs can be obtained by scaling the spectrum from Zhao, Liang, et al. (2016). The DMF values from this study are close to those of the published models at some spectral periods. The residual distribution suggests that DMFs are functions of earthquake source and path parameters.
RECKONING WITH OUR PRIVILEGES IN THE CYC CLASSROOM
Authors: Hillman Matty , Dellebuur O'Connor Kristy , White Jennifer
Published: April 2020

As three white educators working in three different post-secondary contexts, teaching child and youth care (CYC) to diverse undergraduate students, we are interested in exploring the ethical, political, and pedagogical challenges and opportunities of creating learning spaces that can support concrete actions towards decolonizing praxis, social justice, and collective ethics. In order to support each other’s developing praxis, we have recently begun meeting monthly to explore various questions and tensions that exist for us in this work. These meetings have been deeply generative for us in that they have produced a sense of solidary and accountability to each other and our developing pedagogies. This paper attempts to capture some of this experience by sharing three perspectives reflective of the challenges and successes each of us have experienced in our respective institutions.
Leading communities of practice in social work
Authors: Gray Ivan , Parker Jonathan , Immins Tikki
Published: April 2020

Social work in the UK has undergone a period of momentous change in the last decade with the introduction of a ‘modernising agenda’ that has increased managerial approaches to the organisation, development and delivery of services. Whilst posing a threat to some, these approaches are embedded and social workers must find ways of working within them to synthesise appropriate responses that promote the values and cultural heritage of social work within the new context. This paper considers the possibilities offered by communities of practice to develop learning organisations in which a managed and participatory approach to social care can be generated. A super-ordinate model of contending cultures is developed and practice that draws on and is predicated by groupwork principles is presented as a potential way forward.
A Simple Method for Detecting Early Signal in Nature of Progression of Covid-19 in Indian Population
Authors: Chakravarty Prabir
Published: April 2020

COVID-19 (SARS-Cov-2) is spreading around the globe in a highly contagious manner. China has shown the way to halt the progression of the disease by totally sealing Wuhan from rest of china but they could not prevent community spread resulting in more than 4000 deaths in a short period of time. India, following example of china, ordered national Lockdown early on 23 March, 2020. But it is difficult to determine the transition Here we have changed the way we look at available data to detect an early onset of the effect of Lockdown. Here a simple method is described for the first time to determine at the earliest when a change is beginning to take effect after Lockdown on the progression/regression of the spread of novel COVID-19 virus which could help to frame strategy for intervention to prevent community spread and save lives.
Structure of metal melt
Authors: Marukovich E. I. , Stetsenko V. Yu.
Published: April 2020

Modern conventional notions of metallic melt structure are associated with clusters that have no interfacial boundaries. The maximum time of formation and life of the cluster is 10–7s. Clusters are formed statistically, randomly. According to probability theory, even an elementary cubic crystal cannot be formed in a time of 10–7c. The probability of forming a cluster with 100 atoms is zero. It should be considered that the metallic melt is mainly composed of nanocrystals.
Increase in the folate level can decrease the intensity of disorder in patients with depression who use citalopram: a randomized clinical trial
Authors: Morovati Masume , Morsali Yousef , Rezaee Saeed , Pezeshki Ayoub , Esmaeilzadeh Abdolreza , Ranjbar Hadi , Islambulchilar Mina
Published: April 2020

Background Depression is one of the most common mental health disorders, which affiliated more than four percent of world population. Several antidepressant agents, including citalopram were developed. High dose and long-term treatment with these agents along with their side effects decrease the treatment adherence. Using supplements such as acid folic is a way to increase these drug’s efficacy. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of acid folic supplement and increase in blood folate level of the intensity of depression symptoms.Methods This was a randomized-controlled clinical trial. Twenty-four patients with major depression were randomly assigned to two groups. Both groups received citalopram as their standard treatment. The intervention group received acid folic supplement (1mg/daily). The folate levels of blood, Beck's depression inventory and Hamilton depression scale scores were measured. The measurements were conducted before intervention, and in 45 and 90 days follow ups. Data were analyzed using Mann-Whitney U and Friedman tests.Results The blood level of folate was increased for the intervention group. The Hamilton depression scale and Beck Depression Inventory Scores were reduced significantly in both groups after 90 days follow up. There were no significant differences between two groups in the reduction of depression scores. In the intervention group, the decrease of Hamilton's depression scale score was negatively correlated to the increase of blood folate level.Conclusions The increase in blood folate level may be correlate with the decrease in depression symptoms. The use of 1mg/d supplement of acid folic was not effective in the reduction of depression symptoms in patients with major depression.Registered in Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials (IRCT20180115038373N1)
MIR17HG polymorphisms contribute to High altitude pulmonary edema susceptibility in Chinese Han people
Authors: Zhao Yanli , Si Lining , Long Qifu , Zhu Derui , Shen Guoping , Wang Rong
Published: April 2020

Background: High altitude pulmonary edema (HAPE) is a severe form of acute mountain sickness (AMS). The results of existing studies have shown that the onset of HAPE has obvious ethnic specificity and personal susceptibility, suggesting that the occurrence of HAPE is related to genetic factors. Therefore, six polymorphisms on MIR17HG were selected to investigate the effect of mutations on MIR17HG on HAPE in Chinese Han population.Materials and Methods: 487 healthy participants (244 participants had high altitude pulmonary edema, as the case group; and 243 participants had no symptoms of HAPE, as the control group) were genotyped via the Agena MassARRAY, and the relationship between polymorphisms on MIR17HG and HAPE risk was evaluated using a χ2 test with an odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) in multiple genetic models.Results: In the allele model, we observed that lower risk (OR = 0.74, 95%CI: 0.56 - 0.98, p = 0.036) of the A allele for rs7318578 on the MIR17HG compared with the people with the C allele. Logistic regression analysis of four models for all selected MIR17HG SNPs between cases and controls showed significant differences for rs7318578 (OR = 0.74, 95%CI: 0.56 – 0.98, p = 0.037) and rs17735387 (OR = 1.51, 95%CI: 1.03 – 2.21, p = 0.036) in the HAPE population.Conclusion: rs7318578 and rs17735387 on MIR17HG were associated with the genetic susceptibility of HAPE in Chinese Han population.
Comparison of clinical effects of two brands of toric intraocular lens
Authors: Liu Yinan , Wu Qianru , Cai Hongyuan , Chen Xiaoyong
Published: April 2020

Background This study aimed to compare the clinical effects of two brands of toric intraocular lens used in surgical correction of cataract with corneal astigmatism. Methods 35 patients (50 eyes) with corneal astigmatism who underwent ophthalmic surgery from April 2019 to July 2019 were retrospectively analyzed. Among them, 25 eyes of 20 patients were implanted with Rayner 623T, while 25 eyes of 15 patients with Alcon AcrySof Toric intraocular lens (IOL). Three months after surgery, the uncorrected distance visual acuity (UCDVA), best corrected distance visual acuity (BCDVA), residual astigmatism, rotational degree of intraocular lens, contrast sensitivity, objective visual quality and the National Eye Institute 25-Item Visual Function Questionnaire (NEI VFQ-25) scale score were compared. Results The mean postoperative UCDVA (logMAR) and BCDVA (logMAR) in the Rayner group were 0.17 ± 0.20 and 0.08 ± 0.15, respectively (P > 0.05), while those in the Alcon group were 0.21 ± 0.16 and 0.10 ± 0.11, respectively (P > 0.05). The mean residual astigmatism in the Rayner group was (0.69±0.40) while that in the Alcon group was (0.62±0.49), (P >0.05). There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups in IOL rotational stability, contrast sensitivity and objective visual quality (P > 0.05). The NEI VFQ-25 scale score was 85.16±5.91 in the Rayner group while that was 82.08±6.16 in the Alcon group, (P > 0.05). Conclusions The two brands of toric intraocular lens- Rayner 623T and Alcon AcrySof Toric showed no significant difference in their clinical effects.