bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Enhanced fear memory after social defeat in mice is dependent on interleukin-1 receptor signaling in glutamatergic neurons
Authors: Goodman Ethan J. , Biltz Rebecca G. , Packer Jonathan M. , DiSabato Damon J. , Swanson Samuel P. , Oliver Braeden , Quan Ning , Sheridan John F. , Godbout Jonathan P.
Published: March 2024

Chronic stress is associated with increased anxiety, cognitive deficits, and post-traumatic stress disorder. Repeated social defeat (RSD) in mice causes long-term stress-sensitization associated with increased microglia activation, monocyte accumulation, and enhanced interleukin (IL)-1 signaling in endothelia and neurons. With stress-sensitization, mice have amplified neuronal, immune, and behavioral responses to acute stress 24 days later. This is clinically relevant as it shares key aspects with post-traumatic stress disorder. The mechanisms underlying stress-sensitization are unclear, but enhanced fear memory may be critical. The purpose of this study was to determine the influence of microglia and IL-1R1 signaling in neurons in the development of sensitization and increased fear memory after RSD. Here, RSD accelerated fear acquisition, delayed fear extinction, and increased cued-based freezing at 0.5 day. The enhancement in contextual fear memory after RSD persisted 24 days later. Next, microglia were depleted with a CSF1R antagonist prior to RSD and several parameters were assessed. Microglia depletion blocked monocyte recruitment to the brain. Nonetheless, neuronal reactivity (pCREB) and IL-1β RNA expression in the hippocampus and enhanced fear memory after RSD were microglial-independent. Because IL-1β RNA was prominent in the hippocampus after RSD even with microglia depletion, IL-1R1 mediated signaling in glutamatergic neurons was assessed using neuronal Vglut2+/IL-1R1−/− mice. RSD-induced neuronal reactivity (pCREB) in the hippocampus and enhancement in fear memory were dependent on neuronal IL-1R1 signaling. Furthermore, single-nuclei RNA sequencing (snRNAseq) showed that RSD influenced transcription in specific hippocampal neurons (DG neurons, CA2/3, CA1 neurons) associated with glutamate signaling, inflammation and synaptic plasticity, which were neuronal IL-1R1-dependent. Furthermore, snRNAseq data provided evidence that RSD increased CREB, BDNF, and calcium signaling in DG neurons in an IL-1R1-dependent manner. Collectively, increased IL-1R1-mediated signaling (monocytes/microglia independent) in glutamatergic neurons after RSD enhanced neuronal reactivity and fear memory.
Does minimed 780GTM insulin pump system affect energy and nutrient intake?: long-term follow-up study
Authors: Atik-Altinok Yasemin , Mansuroglu Yelda , Demir Gunay , Balki Hanife Gul , Ozen Samim , Darcan Sukran , Goksen Damla
Published: March 2024

Objective

We evaluate the energy and nutrient intake of children, adolescents, and young adults with type 1 diabetes (T1D) who started to use automated insulin delivery (AID) systems before the transition and during follow-up for 6 months in a real-world setting.

Research design and methods

Twenty-nine people with T1D (PwD) who started to use MiniMed 780GTM participated in the study. Participants’ 3-day food diaries and glycemic outcomes were analyzed at baseline and after (the 3rd and 6th month) switching to an advanced hybrid closed-loop system (a-HCL).

Results

Mean carbohydrate, protein, and fat intake (energy %) at baseline were 49.1 ± 4.5, 17.8 ± 2.3, and 33.0 ± 3.9, respectively, and there were no statistically significant differences during the follow-up period. However, low fiber (<14 g/1000 kcal) and high saturated fat (>10 energy %) intake in PwD, both baseline and follow-up period. The median auto-correction bolus ratio was 14.0 (9.5)% at auto mode after 14 days, 18.0 (11.0)% at the 3rd month, and 19.0 (7.5)% at the 6th month (p < 0.05). A negative correlation was present between auto-correction boluses with TIR in both the 3rd (r:-0.747, p < 0.01) and 6th month (r:-0.395, p < 0.05). A negative correlation was present between auto-correction boluses with TIR in both the 3rd (r:-0.747, p < 0.01) and 6th month (r:-0.395, p < 0.05).

Conclusions

a-HCLS systems offer better glycemic control. Using the Minimed 780 GTM insulin pump system didn’t change the energy and nutrient intake of PwD. This real-world follow-up study suggests that children, adolescents, and young adults with T1D consume saturated fat above and fiber intake lower than recommendations independent of the use of a-HCLS.

Clinical trials registration number

NCT05666596.
Effect of inorganic material surface chemistry on structures and fracture behaviours of epoxy resin
Authors: Miyata Tomohiro , Sato Yohei K. , Kawagoe Yoshiaki , Shirasu Keiichi , Wang Hsiao-Fang , Kumagai Akemi , Kinoshita Sora , Mizukami Masashi , Yoshida Kaname , Huang Hsin-Hui , Okabe Tomonaga , Hagita Katsumi , Mizoguchi Teruyasu , Jinnai Hiroshi
Published: March 2024

The mechanisms underlying the influence of the surface chemistry of inorganic materials on polymer structures and fracture behaviours near adhesive interfaces are not fully understood. This study demonstrates the first clear and direct evidence that molecular surface segregation and cross-linking of epoxy resin are driven by intermolecular forces at the inorganic surfaces alone, which can be linked directly to adhesive failure mechanisms. We prepare adhesive interfaces between epoxy resin and silicon substrates with varying surface chemistries (OH and H terminations) with a smoothness below 1 nm, which have different adhesive strengths by ~13 %. The epoxy resins within sub-nanometre distance from the surfaces with different chemistries exhibit distinct amine-to-epoxy ratios, cross-linked network structures, and adhesion energies. The OH- and H-terminated interfaces exhibit cohesive failure and interfacial delamination, respectively. The substrate surface chemistry impacts the cross-linked structures of the epoxy resins within several nanometres of the interfaces and the adsorption structures of molecules at the interfaces, which result in different fracture behaviours and adhesive strengths.
Fully inkjet-printed Ag2Se flexible thermoelectric devices for sustainable power generation
Authors: Liu Yan , Zhang Qihao , Huang Aibin , Zhang Keyi , Wan Shun , Chen Hongyi , Fu Yuntian , Zuo Wusheng , Wang Yongzhe , Cao Xun , Wang Lianjun , Lemmer Uli , Jiang Wan
Published: March 2024

Flexible thermoelectric devices show great promise as sustainable power units for the exponentially increasing self-powered wearable electronics and ultra-widely distributed wireless sensor networks. While exciting proof-of-concept demonstrations have been reported, their large-scale implementation is impeded by unsatisfactory device performance and costly device fabrication techniques. Here, we develop Ag2Se-based thermoelectric films and flexible devices via inkjet printing. Large-area patterned arrays with microscale resolution are obtained in a dimensionally controlled manner by manipulating ink formulations and tuning printing parameters. Printed Ag2Se-based films exhibit (00 l)-textured feature, and an exceptional power factor (1097 μWm−1K−2 at 377 K) is obtained by engineering the film composition and microstructure. Benefiting from high-resolution device integration, fully inkjet-printed Ag2Se-based flexible devices achieve a record-high normalized power (2 µWK−2cm−2) and superior flexibility. Diverse application scenarios are offered by inkjet-printed devices, such as continuous power generation by harvesting thermal energy from the environment or human bodies. Our strategy demonstrates the potential to revolutionize the design and manufacture of multi-scale and complex flexible thermoelectric devices while reducing costs, enabling them to be integrated into emerging electronic systems as sustainable power sources.
Stem Leydig cells support macrophage immunological homeostasis through mitochondrial transfer in mice
Authors: Chi Ani , Yang Bicheng , Dai Hao , Li Xinyu , Mo Jiahui , Gao Yong , Chen Zhihong , Feng Xin , Ma Menghui , Li Yanqing , Yang Chao , Liu Jie , Liu Hanchao , Wang Zhenqing , Gao Feng , Liao Yan , Shi Xuetao , Deng Chunhua , Zhang Min
Published: March 2024

As testicular mesenchymal stromal cells, stem Leydig cells (SLCs) show great promise in the treatment of male hypogonadism. The therapeutic functions of mesenchymal stromal cells are largely determined by their reciprocal regulation by immune responses. However, the immunoregulatory properties of SLCs remain unclear. Here, we observe that SLCs transplantation restore male fertility and testosterone production in an ischemia‒reperfusion injury mouse model. SLCs prevent inflammatory cascades through mitochondrial transfer to macrophages. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) released from activated macrophages inducing mitochondrial transfer from SLCs to macrophages in a transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily member 7 (TRPM7)-mediated manner. Notably, knockdown of TRPM7 in transplanted SLCs compromised therapeutic outcomes in both testicular ischemia‒reperfusion and testicular aging mouse models. These findings reveal a new mechanism of SLCs transplantation that may contribute to preserve testis function in male patients with hypogonadism related to immune disorders.
Lunar rock investigation and tri-aspect characterization of lunar farside regolith by a digital twin
Authors: Ding Liang , Zhou Ruyi , Yu Tianyi , Yang Huaiguang , He Ximing , Gao Haibo , Wang Juntao , Yuan Ye , Wang Jia , Wang Zhengyin , Qi Huanan , Li Jian , Feng Wenhao , Li Xin , Liu Chuankai , Han Shaojin , Zeng Xiaojia , Zhao Yu-Yan Sara , Liu Guangjun , Wan Wenhui , Zhang Yuedong , Wang Saijin , Li Lichun , Deng Zongquan , Liu Jianzhong , Hu Guolin , Zhao Rui , Zhang Kuan
Published: March 2024

Yutu-2 rover conducted an exciting expedition on the 41st lunar day to investigate a fin-shaped rock at Longji site (45.44°S, 177.56°E) by extending its locomotion margin on perilous peaks. The varied locomotion encountered, especially multi-form wheel slippage, during the journey to the target rock, established unique conditions for a fin-grained lunar regolith analysis regarding bearing, shear and lateral properties based on terramechanics. Here, we show a tri-aspect characterization of lunar regolith and infer the rock’s origin using a digital twin. We estimate internal friction angle within 21.5°−42.0° and associated cohesion of 520-3154 Pa in the Chang’E-4 operational site. These findings suggest shear characteristics similar to Apollo 12 mission samples but notably higher cohesion compared to regolith investigated on most nearside lunar missions. We estimate external friction angle in lateral properties to be within 8.3°−16.5°, which fills the gaps of the lateral property estimation of the lunar farside regolith and serves as a foundational parameter for subsequent engineering verifications. Our in-situ spectral investigations of the target rock unveil its composition of iron/magnesium-rich low-calcium pyroxene, linking it to the Zhinyu crater (45.34°S, 176.15°E) ejecta. Our results indicate that the combination of in-situ measurements with robotics technology in planetary exploration reveal the possibility of additional source regions contributing to the local materials at the Chang’E-4 site, implying a more complicated geological history in the vicinity.
Deep model predictive control of gene expression in thousands of single cells
Authors: Lugagne Jean-Baptiste , Blassick Caroline M. , Dunlop Mary J.
Published: March 2024

Gene expression is inherently dynamic, due to complex regulation and stochastic biochemical events. However, the effects of these dynamics on cell phenotypes can be difficult to determine. Researchers have historically been limited to passive observations of natural dynamics, which can preclude studies of elusive and noisy cellular events where large amounts of data are required to reveal statistically significant effects. Here, using recent advances in the fields of machine learning and control theory, we train a deep neural network to accurately predict the response of an optogenetic system in Escherichia coli cells. We then use the network in a deep model predictive control framework to impose arbitrary and cell-specific gene expression dynamics on thousands of single cells in real time, applying the framework to generate complex time-varying patterns. We also showcase the framework’s ability to link expression patterns to dynamic functional outcomes by controlling expression of the tetA antibiotic resistance gene. This study highlights how deep learning-enabled feedback control can be used to tailor distributions of gene expression dynamics with high accuracy and throughput without expert knowledge of the biological system.
Structural basis for self-discrimination by neoantigen-specific TCRs
Authors: Finnigan John P. , Newman Jenna H. , Patskovsky Yury , Patskovska Larysa , Ishizuka Andrew S. , Lynn Geoffrey M. , Seder Robert A. , Krogsgaard Michelle , Bhardwaj Nina
Published: March 2024

T cell receptors (TCR) are pivotal in mediating tumour cell cytolysis via recognition of mutation-derived tumour neoantigens (neoAgs) presented by major histocompatibility class-I (MHC-I). Understanding the factors governing the emergence of neoAg from somatic mutations is a major focus of current research. However, the structural and cellular determinants controlling TCR recognition of neoAgs remain poorly understood. This study describes the multi-level analysis of a model neoAg from the B16F10 murine melanoma, H2-Db/Hsf2 p.K72N68-76, as well as its cognate TCR 47BE7. Through cellular, molecular and structural studies we demonstrate that the p.K72N mutation enhances H2-Db binding, thereby improving cell surface presentation and stabilizing the TCR 47BE7 epitope. Furthermore, TCR 47BE7 exhibited high functional avidity and selectivity, attributable to a broad, stringent, binding interface enabling recognition of native B16F10 despite low antigen density. Our findings provide insight into the generation of anchor-residue modified neoAg, and emphasize the value of molecular and structural investigations of neoAg in diverse MHC-I contexts for advancing the understanding of neoAg immunogenicity.
Activity-dependent compartmentalization of dendritic mitochondria morphology through local regulation of fusion-fission balance in neurons in vivo
Authors: Virga Daniel M. , Hamilton Stevie , Osei Bertha , Morgan Abigail , Kneis Parker , Zamponi Emiliano , Park Natalie J. , Hewitt Victoria L. , Zhang David , Gonzalez Kevin C. , Russell Fiona M. , Grahame Hardie D. , Prudent Julien , Bloss Erik , Losonczy Attila , Polleux Franck , Lewis Tommy L.
Published: March 2024

Neuronal mitochondria play important roles beyond ATP generation, including Ca2+ uptake, and therefore have instructive roles in synaptic function and neuronal response properties. Mitochondrial morphology differs significantly between the axon and dendrites of a given neuronal subtype, but in CA1 pyramidal neurons (PNs) of the hippocampus, mitochondria within the dendritic arbor also display a remarkable degree of subcellular, layer-specific compartmentalization. In the dendrites of these neurons, mitochondria morphology ranges from highly fused and elongated in the apical tuft, to more fragmented in the apical oblique and basal dendritic compartments, and thus occupy a smaller fraction of dendritic volume than in the apical tuft. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying this striking degree of subcellular compartmentalization of mitochondria morphology are unknown, precluding the assessment of its impact on neuronal function. Here, we demonstrate that this compartment-specific morphology of dendritic mitochondria requires activity-dependent, Ca2+ and Camkk2-dependent activation of AMPK and its ability to phosphorylate two direct effectors: the pro-fission Drp1 receptor Mff and the recently identified anti-fusion, Opa1-inhibiting protein, Mtfr1l. Our study uncovers a signaling pathway underlying the subcellular compartmentalization of mitochondrial morphology in dendrites of neurons in vivo through spatially precise and activity-dependent regulation of mitochondria fission/fusion balance.
Direct observation of altermagnetic band splitting in CrSb thin films
Authors: Reimers Sonka , Odenbreit Lukas , Šmejkal Libor , Strocov Vladimir N. , Constantinou Procopios , Hellenes Anna B. , Jaeschke Ubiergo Rodrigo , Campos Warlley H. , Bharadwaj Venkata K. , Chakraborty Atasi , Denneulin Thibaud , Shi Wen , Dunin-Borkowski Rafal E. , Das Suvadip , Kläui Mathias , Sinova Jairo , Jourdan Martin
Published: March 2024

Altermagnetism represents an emergent collinear magnetic phase with compensated order and an unconventional alternating even-parity wave spin order in the non-relativistic band structure. We investigate directly this unconventional band splitting near the Fermi energy through spin-integrated soft X-ray angular resolved photoemission spectroscopy. The experimentally obtained angle-dependent photoemission intensity, acquired from epitaxial thin films of the predicted altermagnet CrSb, demonstrates robust agreement with the corresponding band structure calculations. In particular, we observe the distinctive splitting of an electronic band on a low-symmetry path in the Brilliouin zone that connects two points featuring symmetry-induced degeneracy. The measured large magnitude of the spin splitting of approximately 0.6 eV and the position of the band just below the Fermi energy underscores the significance of altermagnets for spintronics based on robust broken time reversal symmetry responses arising from exchange energy scales, akin to ferromagnets, while remaining insensitive to external magnetic fields and possessing THz dynamics, akin to antiferromagnets.
The defensome of complex bacterial communities
Authors: Beavogui Angelina , Lacroix Auriane , Wiart Nicolas , Poulain Julie , Delmont Tom O. , Paoli Lucas , Wincker Patrick , Oliveira Pedro H.
Published: March 2024

Bacteria have developed various defense mechanisms to avoid infection and killing in response to the fast evolution and turnover of viruses and other genetic parasites. Such pan-immune system (defensome) encompasses a growing number of defense lines that include well-studied innate and adaptive systems such as restriction-modification, CRISPR-Cas and abortive infection, but also newly found ones whose mechanisms are still poorly understood. While the abundance and distribution of defense systems is well-known in complete and culturable genomes, there is a void in our understanding of their diversity and richness in complex microbial communities. Here we performed a large-scale in-depth analysis of the defensomes of 7759 high-quality bacterial population genomes reconstructed from soil, marine, and human gut environments. We observed a wide variation in the frequency and nature of the defensome among large phyla, which correlated with lifestyle, genome size, habitat, and geographic background. The defensome’s genetic mobility, its clustering in defense islands, and genetic variability was found to be system-specific and shaped by the bacterial environment. Hence, our results provide a detailed picture of the multiple immune barriers present in environmentally distinct bacterial communities and set the stage for subsequent identification of novel and ingenious strategies of diversification among uncultivated microbes.
Cross-basin and cross-taxa patterns of marine community tropicalization and deborealization in warming European seas
Authors: Chust Guillem , Villarino Ernesto , McLean Matthew , Mieszkowska Nova , Benedetti-Cecchi Lisandro , Bulleri Fabio , Ravaglioli Chiara , Borja Angel , Muxika Iñigo , Fernandes-Salvador José A. , Ibaibarriaga Leire , Uriarte Ainhize , Revilla Marta , Villate Fernando , Iriarte Arantza , Uriarte Ibon , Zervoudaki Soultana , Carstensen Jacob , Somerfield Paul J. , Queirós Ana M. , McEvoy Andrea J. , Auber Arnaud , Hidalgo Manuel , Coll Marta , Garrabou Joaquim , Gómez-Gras Daniel , Linares Cristina , Ramírez Francisco , Margarit Núria , Lepage Mario , Dambrine Chloé , Lobry Jérémy , Peck Myron A. , de la Barra Paula , van Leeuwen Anieke , Rilov Gil , Yeruham Erez , Brind’Amour Anik , Lindegren Martin
Published: March 2024

Ocean warming and acidification, decreases in dissolved oxygen concentrations, and changes in primary production are causing an unprecedented global redistribution of marine life. The identification of underlying ecological processes underpinning marine species turnover, particularly the prevalence of increases of warm-water species or declines of cold-water species, has been recently debated in the context of ocean warming. Here, we track changes in the mean thermal affinity of marine communities across European seas by calculating the Community Temperature Index for 65 biodiversity time series collected over four decades and containing 1,817 species from different communities (zooplankton, coastal benthos, pelagic and demersal invertebrates and fish). We show that most communities and sites have clearly responded to ongoing ocean warming via abundance increases of warm-water species (tropicalization, 54%) and decreases of cold-water species (deborealization, 18%). Tropicalization dominated Atlantic sites compared to semi-enclosed basins such as the Mediterranean and Baltic Seas, probably due to physical barrier constraints to connectivity and species colonization. Semi-enclosed basins appeared to be particularly vulnerable to ocean warming, experiencing the fastest rates of warming and biodiversity loss through deborealization.
Ultrathin damage-tolerant flexible metal interconnects reinforced by in-situ graphene synthesis
Authors: Zhang Kaihao , Surana Mitisha , Yaacoub Jad , Tawfick Sameh
Published: March 2024

Conductive patterned metal films bonded to compliant elastomeric substrates form meshes which enable flexible electronic interconnects for various applications. However, while bottom-up deposition of thin films by sputtering or growth is well-developed for rigid electronics, maintaining good electrical conductivity in sub-micron thin metal films upon large deformations or cyclic loading remains a significant challenge. Here, we propose a strategy to improve the electromechanical performance of nanometer-thin palladium films by in-situ synthesis of a conformal graphene coating using chemical vapor deposition (CVD). The uniform graphene coverage improves the thin film’s damage tolerance, electro-mechanical fatigue, and fracture toughness owing to the high stiffness of graphene and the conformal CVD-grown graphene-metal interface. Graphene-coated Pd thin film interconnects exhibit stable increase in electrical resistance even when strained beyond 60% and longer fatigue life up to a strain range of 20%. The effect of graphene is more significant for thinner films of < 300 nm, particularly at high strains. The experimental observations are well described by the thin film electro-fragmentation model and the Coffin-Manson relationship. These findings demonstrate the potential of CVD-grown graphene nanocomposite materials in improving the damage tolerance and electromechanical robustness of flexible electronics. The proposed approach offers opportunities for the development of reliable and high-performance ultra-conformable flexible electronic devices.
Patient-specific, deliverable, and self-expandable surgical guide development and evaluation using 4D printing for laparoscopic partial nephrectomy
Authors: Ock Junhyeok , Gwon Eunseo , Kim Taehun , On Sungchul , Moon Sojin , Kyung Yoon Soo , Kim Namkug
Published: March 2024

Accurate lesion diagnosis through computed tomography (CT) and advances in laparoscopic or robotic surgeries have increased partial nephrectomy survival rates. However, accurately marking the kidney resection area through the laparoscope is a prevalent challenge. Therefore, we fabricated and evaluated a 4D-printed kidney surgical guide (4DP-KSG) for laparoscopic partial nephrectomies based on CT images. The kidney phantom and 4DP-KSG were designed based on CT images from a renal cell carcinoma patient. 4DP-KSG were fabricated using shape-memory polymers. 4DP-KSG was compressed to a 10 mm thickness and restored to simulate laparoscopic port passage. The Bland–Altman evaluation assessed 4DP-KSG shape and marking accuracies before compression and after restoration with three operators. The kidney phantom’s shape accuracy was 0.436 ± 0.333 mm, and the 4DP-KSG’s shape accuracy was 0.818 ± 0.564 mm before compression and 0.389 ± 0.243 mm after restoration, with no significant differences. The 4DP-KSG marking accuracy was 0.952 ± 0.682 mm before compression and 0.793 ± 0.677 mm after restoration, with no statistical differences between operators (p = 0.899 and 0.992). In conclusion, our 4DP-KSG can be used for laparoscopic partial nephrectomies, providing precise and quantitative kidney tumor marking between operators before compression and after restoration.
Isolation, characterization, identification, genomics and analyses of bioaccumulation and biosorption potential of two arsenic-resistant bacteria obtained from natural environments
Authors: Roy Vivek , Saha Barnan Kumar , Adhikary Samarpita , Chaki Madhumita G. , Sarkar Monalisha , Pal Ayon
Published: March 2024

Arsenic (As) is a significant contaminant whose unrestrained entrance into different ecosystems has created global concern. At the cellular level, As forms unsteady intermediates with genetic materials and perturbs different metabolic processes and proper folding of proteins. This study was the first in this region to explore, isolate, screen systematically, and intensively characterize potent As-tolerant bacterial strains from natural environments near Raiganj town of Uttar Dinajpur, West Bengal. In this study, two potent Gram-negative bacterial strains with high tolerance to the poisonous form of As, i.e., As(III) and As(V), were obtained. Both the isolates were identified using biochemical tests and 16S rRNA gene sequencing. These bacteria oxidized toxic As(III) into less poisonous As(V) and depicted tolerance towards other heavy metals. Comparative metabolic profiling of the isolates in control and As-exposed conditions through Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy showed metabolic adjustments to cope with As toxicity. The metal removal efficiency of the isolates at different pH showed that one of the isolates, KG1D, could remove As efficiently irrespective of changes in the media pH. In contrast, the efficiency of metal removal by PF14 was largely pH-dependent. The cell mass of both the isolates was also found to favourably adsorb As(III). Whole genome sequence analysis of the isolates depicted the presence of the arsRBC genes of the arsenic operon conferring resistance to As. Owing to their As(III) oxidizing potential, high As bioaccumulation, and tolerance to other heavy metals, these bacteria could be used to bioremediate and reclaim As-contaminated sites.
Investigation of dissipation kinetics and half-lives of fipronil and thiamethoxam in soil under various conditions using experimental modeling design by Minitab software
Authors: El-Aswad Ahmed F. , Mohamed Abdallah E. , Fouad Mohamed R.
Published: March 2024

To determine the extent of pesticide buildup and their environmental contamination, the environmental half-lives of pesticides are examined. The influence of the factors affecting the half-lives of fipronil and thiamethoxam including soil type, sterilization, temperature, and time and their interactions was studied using experimental modeling design by Minitab software. Based on the dissipation kinetics data, fipronil concentrations reduced gradually over 60 days while thiamethoxam concentrations decreased strongly. Also, fipronil and thiamethoxam dissipated more rapidly in calcareous soil than in alluvial soil. Thiamethoxam, however, disappeared more rapidly than fipronil in all treatments. Incubation at 50 °C leads to rapid the pesticide degradation. For prediction of the dissipation rate, model 5 was found to be the best fit, Residue of insecticide (%) = 15.466 − 11.793 Pesticide − 1.579 Soil type + 0.566 Sterilization − 3.120 Temperature, R2 = 0.94 and s = 3.80. Also, the predicted DT50 values were calculated by a model, DT50 (day) = 20.20 − 0.30 Pesticide − 7.97 Soil Type + 0.07 Sterilization − 2.04 Temperature. The shortest experimental and predicted DT50 values were obtained from treatment of thiamethoxam at 50 °C in calcareous soil either sterilized (7.36 and 9.96 days) or non-sterilized (5.92 and 9.82 days), respectively. The experimental DT50 values of fipronil and thiamethoxam ranged from 5.92 to 59.95 days while, the modeled values ranged from 9.82 to 30.58 days. According to the contour plot and response surface plot, temperature and sterilization were the main factors affecting the half-lives of fipronil and thiamethoxam. The DT50 values of fipronil and thiamethoxam increased in alluvial soil and soil with low temperature. In general, there is a high agreement between the experimental results and the modeled results.
Assessment of brain structure and volume reveals neurodevelopmental abnormalities in preterm infants with low-grade intraventricular hemorrhage
Authors: Zhang Chunxiang , Zhu Zitao , Wang Kaiyu , Moon Brianna F. , Zhang Bohao , Shen Yanyong , Wang Zihe , Zhao Xin , Zhang Xiaoan
Published: March 2024

There is increasing evidence of abnormal neurodevelopmental outcomes in preterm infants with low-grade intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH). The purpose of the study was to explore whether brain microstructure and volume are associated with neuro-behavioral outcomes at 40 weeks corrected gestational age in preterm infants with low-grade IVH. MR imaging at term-equivalent age (TEA) was performed in 25 preterm infants with mild IVH (Papile grading I/II) and 40 control subjects without IVH. These subjects all had neonatal behavioral neurological assessment (NBNA) at 40 weeks’ corrected age. Microstructure and volume evaluation of the brain were performed by using diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI) and Synthetic MRI. Correlations among microstructure parameters, volume, and developmental outcomes were explored by using Spearman's correlation. In preterm infants with low-grade IVH, the volume of brain parenchymal fraction (BPF) was reduced. In addition, mean kurtosis (MK), fractional anisotropy (FA), radial kurtosis (RK), axial kurtosis (AK) in several major brain regions were reduced, while mean diffusivity (MD) was increased (P < 0.05). BPF, RK in the cerebellum, MK in the genu of the corpus callosum, and MK in the thalamus of preterm infants with low-grade IVH were associated with lower NBNA scores (r = 0.831, 0.836, 0.728, 0.772, P < 0.05). DKI and Synthetic MRI can quantitatively evaluate the microstructure alterations and brain volumes in preterm infants with low-grade IVH, which provides clinicians with a more comprehensive and accurate neurobehavioral assessment of preterm infants with low-grade IVH.
Fermentation of Rubus dolichocarpus juice using Lactobacillus gasseri and Lacticaseibacillus casei and protecting phenolic compounds by Stevia extract during cold storage
Authors: Karimkhani Mohammad Mahdi , Jamshidi Abdollah , Nasrollahzadeh Mahmoud , Armin Mohammad , Jafari Seid Mahdi , Zeinali Tayebeh
Published: March 2024

This study aimed to investigate the biological activities of Lactobacillus gasseri SM 05 (L. gasseri) and Lacticaseibacillus casei subsp. casei PTCC 1608 (L. casei) in the black raspberry (Rubus dolichocarpus) juice (BRJ) environment, and also the anti-adhesion activity against Salmonella typhimurium (S. typhimurium) in fermented black raspberry juice (FBRJ). Results showed significant anti-adhesion activity in Caco-2 epithelial cells. In the anti-adhesion process, lactic acid bacteria (LAB) improve intestinal health by preventing the adhesion of pathogens. Adding LAB to BRJ produces metabolites with bacteriocin properties. Major findings of this research include improved intestinal health, improved antidiabetic properties, inhibition of degradation of amino acids, and increase in the nutritional value of foods that have been subjected to heat processing by preventing Maillard inhibition, and inhibition of oxidation of foodstuff by increased antioxidant activity of BRJ. Both species of Lactobacillus effectively controlled the growth of S. typhimurium during BRJ fermentation. Moreover, in all tests, as well as Maillard's and α-amylase inhibition, L. gasseri was more effective than L. casei. The phenolic and flavonoid compounds increased significantly after fermentation by both LAB (p < 0.05). Adding Stevia extract to FBRJ and performing the HHP process showed convenient protection of phenolic compounds compared to heat processing.
Entropy for q-rung linear diophantine fuzzy hypersoft set with its application in MADM
Authors: Surya AN. , Vimala J. , Kausar Nasreen , Stević Željko , Shah Mohd Asif
Published: March 2024

A notable advancement in fuzzy set theory is the q-rung linear diophantine fuzzy set. The soft set theory was expanded into the hypersoft set theory. By combining both the q-rung linear diophantine fuzzy set and hypersoft set, this study describes the notion of q-rung linear diophantine fuzzy hypersoft set that can handle multi sub-attributed q-rung linear diophantine fuzzy situations in the real world. Furthermore, some of its algebraic operations such as union, intersection and complement are described in this study. In addtion, the entropy measure of the q-rung linear diophantine fuzzy hypersoft set is established as it is helpful in determining the degree of fuzziness of q-rung linear diophantine fuzzy hypersoft sets. A multi-attribute decision making algorithm based on suggested entropy is presented in this study along with a numerical example of selecting a suitable wastewater treatment technology to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm in real-life situations. A comparative study was undertaken that describes the validity, robustness and superiority of the proposed algorithm and notions by discussing the advantages and drawbacks of existing theories and algorithms. Overall, this study describes a novel fuzzy extension that prevails over the existing ones and contributes to the real world with a valid real-life multi-attribute decision making algorithm that can cover many real-world problems that are unable to be addressed by the existing methodology.
Greater ecophysiological stress tolerance in the core environment than in extreme environments of wild chickpea (Cicer reticulatum)
Authors: Krieg Christopher P. , Smith Duncan D. , Adams Mark A. , Berger Jens , Layegh Nikravesh Niloofar , von Wettberg Eric J.
Published: March 2024

Global climate change and land use change underlie a need to develop new crop breeding strategies, and crop wild relatives (CWR) have become an important potential source of new genetic material to improve breeding efforts. Many recent approaches assume adaptive trait variation increases towards the relative environmental extremes of a species range, potentially missing valuable trait variation in more moderate or typical climates. Here, we leveraged distinct genotypes of wild chickpea (Cicer reticulatum) that differ in their relative climates from moderate to more extreme and perform targeted assessments of drought and heat tolerance. We found significance variation in ecophysiological function and stress tolerance between genotypes but contrary to expectations and current paradigms, it was individuals from more moderate climates that exhibited greater capacity for stress tolerance than individuals from warmer and drier climates. These results indicate that wild germplasm collection efforts to identify adaptive variation should include the full range of environmental conditions and habitats instead of only environmental extremes, and that doing so may significantly enhance the success of breeding programs broadly.
Microwave photonics doppler speed measurement based on sagnac loops and four-wave mixing effect in a highly nonlinear fiber
Authors: Emami Hossein , Hashemi Reza
Published: March 2024

Photonic radars are increasingly being developed and offer a promising replacement for traditional RF radars. They feature higher precision, and smaller size compared to the current microwave radars. One important part of a moving target indicating (MTI) radar is the Doppler shift measurement used to measure the radial velocity of a moving target. Therefore, for any photonic radar operating at MTI mode, it is necessary to have a Doppler measurement subsystem. In this paper, a microwave photonic Doppler frequency measurement system is conceived and implemented for this purpose specifically. The operation is based on making a Doppler shift-dependent yet low-frequency voltage component. It is all-optical and hence has the potential to be integrated into many electronic warfare systems. This feature not only makes the system independent of any sophisticated electrical device but also makes the measurement time lower than that of the electrical counterparts. The specific design presented here provides a much better stability compared to the recent works. An error as low as 0.012 Hz at a 10 GHz radar frequency was obtained, and the system performance was demonstrated up to 40 GHz, at which a 4.75 Hz error was recorded.
A two-sample Mendelian randomization study explores metabolic profiling of different glycemic traits
Authors: Wong Tommy H. T. , Mo Jacky M. Y. , Zhou Mingqi , Zhao Jie V. , Schooling C. Mary , He Baoting , Luo Shan , Au Yeung Shiu Lun
Published: March 2024

We assessed the causal relation of four glycemic traits and type 2 diabetes liability with 167 metabolites using Mendelian randomization with various sensitivity analyses and a reverse Mendelian randomization analysis. We extracted instruments for fasting glucose, 2-h glucose, fasting insulin, and glycated hemoglobin from the Meta-Analyses of Glucose and Insulin-related traits Consortium (n = 200,622), and those for type 2 diabetes liability from a meta-analysis of multiple cohorts (148,726 cases, 965,732 controls) in Europeans. Outcome data were from summary statistics of 167 metabolites from the UK Biobank (n = 115,078). Fasting glucose and 2-h glucose were not associated with any metabolite. Higher glycated hemoglobin was associated with higher free cholesterol in small low-density lipoprotein. Type 2 diabetes liability and fasting insulin were inversely associated with apolipoprotein A1, total cholines, lipoprotein subfractions in high-density-lipoprotein and intermediate-density lipoproteins, and positively associated with aromatic amino acids. These findings indicate hyperglycemia-independent patterns and highlight the role of insulin in type 2 diabetes development. Further studies should evaluate these glycemic traits in type 2 diabetes diagnosis and clinical management.
Orexin neurons play contrasting roles in itch and pain neural processing via projecting to the periaqueductal gray
Authors: Kaneko Tatsuroh , Oura Asuka , Imai Yoshiki , Kusumoto-Yoshida Ikue , Kanekura Takuro , Okuno Hiroyuki , Kuwaki Tomoyuki , Kashiwadani Hideki
Published: March 2024

Pain and itch are recognized as antagonistically regulated sensations; pain suppresses itch, whilst pain inhibition enhances itch. The neural mechanisms at the central nervous system (CNS) underlying these pain-itch interactions still need to be explored. Here, we revealed the contrasting role of orexin-producing neurons (ORX neurons) in the lateral hypothalamus (LH), which suppresses pain while enhancing itch neural processing, by applying optogenetics to the acute pruritus and pain model. We also revealed that the circuit of ORX neurons from LH to periaqueductal gray regions served in the contrasting modulation of itch and pain processing using optogenetic terminal inhibition techniques. Additionally, by using an atopic dermatitis model, we confirmed the involvement of ORX neurons in regulating chronic itch processing, which could lead to a novel therapeutic target for persistent pruritus in clinical settings. Our findings provide new insight into the mechanism of antagonistic regulation between pain and itch in the CNS.
Generic and accurate prediction of retention times in liquid chromatography by post–projection calibration
Authors: Zhang Yan , Liu Fei , Li Xiu Qin , Gao Yan , Li Kang Cong , Zhang Qing He
Published: March 2024

Retention time predictions from molecule structures in liquid chromatography (LC) are increasingly used in MS–based targeted and untargeted analyses, providing supplementary evidence for molecule annotation and reducing experimental measurements. Nevertheless, different LC setups (e.g., differences in gradient, column, and/or mobile phase) give rise to many prediction models that can only accurately predict retention times for a specific chromatographic method (CM). Here, a generic and accurate method is present to predict retention times across different CMs, by introducing the concept of post–projection calibration. This concept builds on the direct projections of retention times between different CMs and uses 35 external calibrants to eliminate the impact of LC setups on projection accuracy. Results showed that post–projection calibration consistently achieved a median projection error below 3.2% of the elution time. The ranking results of putative candidates reached similar levels among different CMs. This work opens up broad possibilities for coordinating retention times between different laboratories and developing extensive retention databases.
Efficient liquid phase photothermal catalysis realized by Ag2O/Bi4O5I2via heat-localization in a microreactor
Authors: Chen Yukai , Wang Ruizhe , Wei Huimin , Dong Rulin , Lu Chunhua , Kou Jiahui
Published: March 2024

A Ag2O/Bi4O5I2 heterojunction microreactor reaches efficient photocatalysis by fast photoinduced carrier separation and heat-localization.
Different metal (Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, and Zr) decorated Cu/CeO2 catalysts for efficient CO oxidation in a rich CO2/H2 atmosphere
Authors: Xing Yue , Wu Jiaxin , Liu Daosheng , Zhang Caishun , Han Jiao , Wang Honghao , Li Yinfu , Hou Xiaoning , Zhang Lei , Gao Zhixian
Published: March 2024

The different metal decorated Cu/CeO2 catalysts was synthesized by immersion method, and it was found that the formation of Cu/M–O–Ce solid solutions and more Ce3+ and oxygen vacancies on the surface favored the improvement of catalytic performance.
Position-dependent hexaarylbenzene AIEgens: synthesis, characterization and optical properties
Authors: Zhao Wen-Xuan , Yang Li-Feng , Yu Dan , Chen Fei-Yu , Liang Ling , Cao Jing-Yi , Yang Guang , Chen Shu-Hai , Yamato Takehiko , Redshaw Carl , Wang Chuan-Zeng
Published: March 2024

Two TPE-fused hexaarylbenzene compounds exhibit obvious AIE-active properties and high luminescence efficiency. The position-dependent emission behavior indicates that this strategy can be used for the design of AIEgens with tunable properties.
Tunable nanofluidic device for digital nucleic acid analysis
Authors: Hosseini Imman I. , Hamidi Seyed Vahid , Capaldi Xavier , Liu Zezhou , Silva Pessoa Matheus Azevedo , Mahshid Sara , Reisner Walter
Published: March 2024

A nanofluidic device with real-time confinement control to load digital nanocavities with target nucleic acids, allowing exposure to necessary enzymes/co-factors for amplification.
Improving the efficiency of quantum dot-sensitized solar cells by increasing the QD loading amount
Authors: Zhang Zhengyan , Wang Wenran , Rao Huashang , Pan Zhenxiao , Zhong Xinhua
Published: March 2024

This review illustrates the development of QD loading methods in QDSCs. Then, thermodynamic and kinetic factors dominating QD loading behaviors and various strategies for improving the QD loading amount in CLIS are analyzed theoretically.
Linear dichroism and linearly polarised luminescence spectra of oriented samples collected on a new integrated instrument
Authors: Rodger Alison
Published: March 2024

Linearly polarised luminescence (LPL) has a wide range of potential applications giving optical and geometric parameters for oriented lumiphores.
Regulating the catalytic behaviour of iron oxyhydroxide by introducing Ni sites for facilitating polysulfide anchoring and conversion
Authors: Xiao Jingshuai , Wei Haocong , Sun Xiao , Yang Tengfei , Wu Xiang , Song Yan , He Chaozheng
Published: March 2024

A bimetallic oxyhydroxide with transport channels of lithium ions is synthesised for suppressing polysulfide shuttling and expediting redox kinetics in lithium sulfur batteries.
Correction: Cyanobacterial extracellular antibacterial substances could promote the spread of antibiotic resistance: impacts and reasons
Authors: Xin Rui , Zhang Kai , Yu Dongjin , Zhang Ying , Ma Yongzheng , Niu Zhiguang
Published: March 2024

Correction for ‘Cyanobacterial extracellular antibacterial substances could promote the spread of antibiotic resistance: impacts and reasons’ by Rui Xin et al., Environ. Sci.: Processes Impacts, 2023, 25, 2139–2147, https://doi.org/10.1039/D3EM00306J.
Oxygen defect based cobalt-doped-NiMoO4 hierarchical hollow nanosheet-based-nanosphere for oxygen evolution reaction
Authors: Yin Zhuoxun , Zhou Min , Li Xinping , Liu Xiangcun , Ma Xinzhi , Zhou Yang , Chen Wei , Li Jinlong , Liu Lina , Lv Jun
Published: March 2024

The synergistic effect between Co, Ni and Mo makes the Co–NiMoO4 HNS have a better performance and stability. Thus, Co–NiMoO4 HNS exhibits a favorable catalytic performance toward OER with an overpotential of 270 mV.
First-principles study for quasi-static growth model in FeAl intermetallic based on Wulff cluster model
Authors: Song Lin , Shao Anchen , Li Dong , Tian Xuelei , Qiao Zhuhui , Tang Huaguo , Lin Xiaohang
Published: March 2024

A model, so called quasi-static growth model, based on the sequential addition of (sub-)monolayers in the stable surface directions has been proposed. Thus, a sequence of different Wulff shapes results in the growth process with a certain barrier.
Potentielle Nephrotoxizität der Kombinationstherapie von Vancomycin
und Piperacillin-Tazobactam: Empfehlungen der AG ABS der DGPI unter Beteiligung
von Experten der GPN
Authors: Martin Luise , Pecar Alenka , Baltaci Yeliz , Simon Arne , Kohl Stefan , Müller Dominik , Forster Johannes
Published: March 2024

Die Kombination von Vancomycin und Piperacillin/Tazobactam (V+P/T) kommt in der
empirischen Therapie von schweren Infektionen zum Einsatz, insbesondere, wenn
patientenseitige Risikofaktoren wie Immunsuppression oder Kolonisation mit
multiresistenten Erregern vorliegen. Die Nephrotoxizität von Vancomycin ist
bekannt, das Risiko der Nephrotoxizität wird durch adaptierte Dosierungen sowie
therapeutisches Drug-Monitoring vermindert. Piperacillin/Tazobactam (P/T) kann
sehr selten eine interstitielle Nephritis auslösen. Die Resultate retrospektiver
Kohortenstudien bei Kindern zeigen überwiegend eine geringe, klinisch wenig
relevante, additive Nephrotoxizität (definiert als Kreatinin-Anstieg im Serum)
beider Substanzen. Präklinische Studien und eine prospektive Studie mit
erwachsenen Patienten, die weitere Nierenretentionsparameter sowie das klinische
Outcome untersuchten, zeigten keinen Zusammenhang zwischen einer Therapie mit
V+P/T und akuter Nierenfunktionseinschränkung. Aufgrund der Limitationen der
vorhandenen Publikationen sprechen sich die Arbeitsgruppe ABS der DGPI und die
Experten der GPN nicht gegen den Einsatz von P/T plus Vancomycin aus. Dennoch
sollte durch den zeitlich restriktiven Einsatz der Kombination V+P/T die
Exposition gegenüber V+P/T und ein mögliches Nephrotoxizitätsrisiko minimiert
werden. Auch die alternativ infrage kommenden Substanzen sind dabei sowohl im
Hinblick auf ihr antimikrobielles Spektrum, auf mögliche Nebenwirkungen sowie
auf den durch sie ausgeübten Selektionsdruck kritisch zu hinterfragen.
Indikationen für den empirischen sowie gezielten Einsatz von P/T und V+P/T
sollten in Zusammenarbeit mit dem lokalen ABS-Team in hausinternen Leitlinien
festgelegt werden. Wird die Kombinationstherapie V+P/T verwendet, sollte eine
über das Serum-Kreatinin hinausgehende sowohl laborchemische (BGA, Cystatin C)
als auch klinische Überwachung (Bilanzierung, Blutdruck) der Nierenfunktion
erfolgen.