bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Histological study on development of the digestive system of longfin batfish (Platax teira)
Authors: Zeng Chen , Liu Bao-Suo , Zhu Ke-Cheng , Guo Hua-Yang , Guo Liang , Zhang Nan , Liu Bo , Wang Zhi-Yong , Zhang Dian-Chang
Published: March 2021

The ontogeny of the digestive tract in Platax teira was studied by means of optical microscopy from hatching to 30 days post-hatching. Collect fertilized eggs from P. teira broodstock, fertilize the eggs to hatch in hatching net bags, and rear the larvae in higher-place ponds. Observe the morphology and structure of the digestive tract of larvae 1-30 days post-hatching using tissue slicing technique. The results showed that the oral cavity of the larvae was closed and had not yet begun to differentiate at 1day post-hatching. Its digestive tract was close to the abdominal wall, and the yolk sac was completely dyed dark red. At 4 days post-hatching, the oropharyngeal cavity, esophagus, and stomach of the larvae had been communicated, and their oral cavity opened and food intake begins, entering the mixed period of endogenous nutrition and exogenous nutrition. Thereafter, the yolk sac gradually decreased to disappear, the esophagus, stomach, and intestines continued to differentiate, and their functions gradually improved. During 25-30 days post-hatching, the structure of the digestive tract of the larvae didn’t change much. Due to the increase in the size of the larvae, most changes in the digestive system are related to the complexity of the tissues and the size of the organs. Specifically, the number of mucosal folds and cells in the esophagus and intestine increases, and the gastric glands and pits in the stomach increase. The number of mucous membrane folds, mucosal epithelial cells and gastric glands in the digestive tract increase with the growth of the larvae, indicating that the development of the digestive system of P. teira is consistent with the growth of larvae, morphological development, feeding, metabolism and other functions consistently, its developmental stage is also adapted to the stages of the early development stage of P. teira.
Possibility of Removing Phosphates from Activated Charbon Made from Date Kernels
Authors:   Faculty of Science and Technology. Laboratory of Research in Civil Engineering, Hydraulics, Development, Sustainable and Environment (LARGHYDE). Mohamed Kheider University - Biskra - Algeria, Seghairi Nora
Published: March 2021

Phosphates in natural waters and whatever their origin, promote the formation of algae, reduce dissolved oxygen and reduce biodiversity in aquatic ecosystems. At high doses, phosphate salts can cause health problems. The objective of our study was to develop a simple, efficient and environmentally friendly sorption depollution technique on available and inexpensive media. We have studied the adsorption of phosphate on activated carbons prepared from date kernels. Batch tests were carried out in order to study different operating parameters such as the effect of contact time, pH, initial phosphate concentration and adsorbent dosage and adsorption kinetic. The sorption equilibrium was analyzed by Langmuir, Freundlich isotherms model. Results show that the phosphate adsorption was reversible and the quantity adsorbed reached its maximum value (14.49 mg/g) after 40 minutes. It was also found that phosphate uptake was affected by variation of pH, initial concentration of phosphate and activated carbon dosage. The adsorption improved with an acidic pH (pH = 6), initial concentration and adsorbent dosage. The results of kinetic studies revealed that adsorption phosphate on activated carbon based on date kernels (Biocar) and the intra-particle diffusion involved in the adsorption mechanism. Also, isotherm study showed that Langmuir isotherm best fit the data and the adsorption was a physical type.
Gestión del capital intelectual en el centro universitario de la costa sur de la universidad de Guadalajara (CUCSUR–UDG)
Authors:   Universidad de Guadalajara, Ortiz Paniagua María Luz , Gámez Adame Luís Carlos ,   Universidad de Guadalajara, Joya Arreola Roberto ,   Universidad de Guadalajara, Gálvez Fernández Anisabel Regla ,   Universidad de Camagüey
Published: March 2021

El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo analizar la gestión del capital intelectual de las carreras económicas del CUCSUR – UDG, determinando sus principales fortalezas y debilidades. El estudio que se presenta es una investigación causal que busca entender cuáles variables son las causantes de las fortalezas y debilidades de la gestión de intangibles en el objeto físico de estudio. Se trata de un tipo de investigación experimental y estadística. Los resultados muestran que el capital humano es una de las mayores fortalezas en las carreras estudiadas, dado el nivel de compromiso, identificación y sentido de pertenencia de los docentes. Sin embargo, su capital estructural, su capital relacional y su capital social muestran un desarrollo incipiente por la pobre pertinencia e impactos de los proyectos de investigación científica e institucionales. La gestión del Capital Intelectual de las áreas de ciencias económicas de la División de Estudios Sociales y Económicos del CUCSUR – UDG es deficiente, ya que, aunque estas áreas presentan un capital humano desarrollado, con conocimientos, destrezas y habilidades en el perfil de las ciencias económicas; el mismo no se aplica adecuadamente al desarrollo de los procesos y actividades que se desarrollan en el centro universitario.
Bioética universitaria. Una praxis del quehacer investigativo
Authors:   Universidad del Sinú, Barbera de Ramírez Nataliya , Hernández Buelvas Efraín de Jesús ,   Universidad del Sinú, Vega Martínez Arney Alfonso ,   Universidad del Sinú, Ramírez Barbera Nathalie Georgina ,   Universidad del Sinú, Rovero S Nahir Minerva ,   Universidad Politécnica Territorial Alonso Gamero
Published: March 2021

Reflexionar sobre la bioética universitaria en la praxis del quehacer investigativo, constituyó el objetivo de esta investigación. Se abordó desde una metodología documental en la que se emplearon las técnicas de análisis de contenido y ficha resumen como registro de la información durante la revisión de la literatura. Los resultados indican que la bioética dentro del contexto investigativo genera cambios en el interior de las personas, implica reflexión profunda que promueve la toma de decisiones y renueva la sabiduría humana a través del diálogo, consenso y compromiso con la ciencia y el mundo. Se concluye que la bioética en el contexto de la investigación se asume como una disciplina intrínseca al quehacer científico que garantiza la construcción del conocimiento de y para la vida; por tanto, la bioética ha permitido reconocer, valorar y defender la vida y al mundo desde la ciencia mediante acciones que requieren atención, dedicación y esfuerzo por parte del investigador, como sujeto que trabaja con base en valores y principios éticos que exige la ciencia para lograr un hacer consciente de lo individual y social, conjugado con la preservación del ambiente y de la sociedad.
COVID-19, nuevas tecnologías, productividad y plan de emergencia empresarial
Authors:   Analytic and Business Intelligent, Atlantis University, Morales Rangel Milagros Del Valle
Published: March 2021

El brote de Covid-19 causó gran incertidumbre en empresas de todos los sectores y niveles. En general, las empresas se han visto obligadas a realizar cambios y ajustes para adaptarse a la demanda de nuevas necesidades. El objetivo de esta investigación es brindar herramientas a gerentes y directivos empresariales con el fin de reducir riesgos en la toma de decisiones, minimizar pérdidas económicas y de salud en los empleados, por medio de la implementación de planes de emergencia, manejo de riesgos, fomento de la confianza y comunicación efectiva entre los distintos niveles y áreas de la organización. La investigación se inserta en el paradigma de teoría crítica, un enfoque epistemológico, perspectiva metodológica cualitativa y método de investigación, evaluación y acción. La fundamentación teórica está basada en el pensamiento de Armand V. Feigenbaum como precursor del Total Quality Management y la implementación de proyectos para mitigar riesgos y emergencias. Finalmente, se presenta, a manera de conclusión, un conjunto de reflexiones, evaluaciones y propuestas diseñadas para facilitar la toma de decisiones y la adaptabilidad de las empresas a entornos de crisis
Epistemología de la transparencia en la gestión empresarial
Authors:   Corporación Universitaria Remington, González Velásquez María Riguey , Quintero Quintero Jorge Alcides ,   Corporación Universitaria Remington, Muñoz Ruiz Jorge Armando ,   Corporación Universitaria Remington, Rico Buitrago Jesús Daniel ,   Corporación Universitaria Remington
Published: March 2021

En la búsqueda por evitar la corrupción, el fraude, el soborno, la malversación y apropiación indebida de activos, las organizaciones optan por incluir la transparencia en su gestión empresarial con el fin de generar confianza en sus negociaciones económicas y relaciones con sus stakeholders, a través de la publicación de información interna caracterizada por ser de calidad, fiable y por demostrar un comportamiento ejecutivo ajustado al ordenamiento jurídico vigente del país que corresponda. El presente escrito tuvo como objetivo principal, observar la epistemología de la transparencia como gestión empresarial en las empresas privadas y se fundamentó en los postulados teóricos de Amézquita y Arredondo (2019); Quintero Quintero (2018); Arredondo et ál. (2015); Moya et ál. (2012); entre otros. En su fase metodológica, la investigación presenta un enfoque cualitativo y se tipificó con un nivel descriptivo, explicativo y con un diseño no experimental. Para la realización del mismo se empleó la revisión sistemática de bibliografía como técnica de recolección de datos y para su interpretación, se utilizó el análisis de contenido y el resumen lógico. Los resultados definitivos de la investigación demuestran que la transparencia en la gestión empresarial debe ser concebida como una filosofía de gestión en la cual se involucre a todos los actores: ejecutivos y colaboradores internos–externos. La transparencia empresarial genera autorreflexión, mejoramiento de la gestión, mayor confiabilidad en las decisiones corporativas, relaciones comerciales sanas, sentido de pertenencia del personal y marca organizacional, lo cual a su vez permite un mejoramiento continuo institucional y abre espacios para la competitividad; afianzándose que, a través de un comportamiento ético y responsable, se contribuye a un desarrollo sostenible de la sociedad en general.
Evolución y características de la evaluación de aprendizajes en el programa de enfermería, en una institución pública de educación superior
Authors:   Universidad Popular del Cesar, Benjumea Liñan Edelsy , López Valera Tulia ,   Universidad Popular del Cesar, Gómez Cadavid Marcela
Published: March 2021

El objetivo de este estudio es describir la evolución y características de la evaluación del aprendizaje, en el programa de Enfermería, durante el periodo 2008-2018. La evaluación, es un proceso dinámico y permanente, que permite valorar acciones y emitir juicios, que dependen del objeto y del sujeto. Este componente curricular, facilita información valiosa y confiable del proceso cognoscitivo de los estudiantes. El estudio, es cuantitativo de tipo descriptivo, se realizó en una población de 400 estudiantes de Enfermería; la muestra fue configurada con 190 personas; las técnicas e instrumentos fueron: cuestionario y análisis de documentos; la información, fue analizada conforme a los escritos y testimonios; la descripción de los datos encontrados en cuatro documentos: Proyectos Educativos Institucional de la Universidad, (2011 y 2016) y Proyectos Educativos del Programa de Enfermería (2006, 2014), los cuales, permitieron evidenciar en orden, la evolución de la evaluación en el programa de Enfermería. En efecto, ha evolucionado positivamente, pasando de evaluación tradicional a evaluación por proceso; no obstante, existen muchos aspectos conforme a la evaluación habitual, por ejemplo: el docente, es quien establece los criterios; la promoción de los estudiantes, depende concretamente de datos cuantitativos; la calificación, facilita la selección y la certificación; el medio más utilizado en la evaluación, es el examen escrito con preguntas en forma de test; por último, la evaluación diagnóstica, no es considerada como un eje importante en el proceso.
KELKİT YÖRESİNDE KULLANILAN ATASÖZLERİNDEN ON SEKİZİ ÜZERİNE BİR İNCELEME
Authors: ÇİÇEK Ali
Published: March 2021

Bu makalede, önce atasözü kavramı ve atasözü değerindeki özlü sözlerle ilgili çalışmalardan bazıları üzerinde kısaca durulacak ve ardından Gümüşhane’nin Kelkit ilçesine bağlı Öğütlü köyü ve çevresindeki köylerde devam eden ağız taramalarımdan ve uzun zamandan beri yürütülen atasözü derlemelerinin sonunda elde edilmiş olan dil malzemesinden seçili mahallî 18 atasözünün açıklamaları ele alınacaktır. Bu çalışma, doküman incelemesi bakımından kısmen nitel; temel veriler açısından da, anılan yörede uzun zamandan beri yapılan ve hâlen sürdürülmekte olan ağız taramalarına dayalı bir derleme çalışması mahiyetindedir. Seçilen bu 18 atasözünün her biri için eldeki atasözü sözlükleri ve bilgisayar taramaları yapılmaya çalışılmış ve tekrarlarından kaçınılmıştır. Şayet seçilen bu sözler, diğer atasözleriyle anlam ve şekil farklılıkları taşıyorsa, bu çalışmaya dâhil edilmiştir. Bu mahallî atasözlerinin anlamları öncelikle bilgilerine müracaat edilen kaynak kişilerin yorumlarına göre verilmiş, bu açıklamaların yeterli olmadığı durumlarda genel sözlüklerden, konuyla ilgili diğer verilerden de yararlanılmıştır. Bu çalışmanın ana konusunu ağız taramalarından seçilen ve yazının akışı içinde ele alınan mahallî 18 atasözü teşkil etmektedir. Atasözü veya atasözü değerindeki özlü sözlerin ağız çalışmaları yöntemiyle tespit edilmesinde zaman unsuru çok önemlidir. Çünkü uzun bir zaman ve tecrübe ile süzülüp gelen bu özlü sözleri, ağız çalışmalarındaki belli konuşma metinlerinin kapsam ve kayıtlarında olduğu gibi bulmak çok zordur. Bu sözler; daha çok karşılaşılan bir olay, bir durum, sosyal bir davranış sonucunda ifade edilirler.Atasözleri, deyimler ve özlü sözler toplumların kültürel yapılarını, maddi ve manevi değerlerini veciz bir şekilde açıklarlar. Türkçeye ait söz varlığının bu unsurları, birtakım sırları bugün de bilinemeyen dil denen olağan üstü unsura büyük bir özellik ve güzellik katarlar. Atasözleri veya bu değerdeki sözler, bazen sayfalar dolusu yazılarla anlatılamayan bir durumu, bir düşünceyi birkaç kelime dâhilinde kısa ve kalıplaşmış ifadelerle en çarpıcı bir biçimde açıklarlar.
The Politics of Repression in Central Asia: The Cases of Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, and Uzbekistan
Authors:   Eurasia Institutes, Terzyan Aram
Published: March 2021

This paper explores the landscape of repressive politics in the three Central Asian states of Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan, and Kyrgyzstan with an emphasis on the phase of “transformative violence” and the patterns of inconsistent repression. It argues that repressions alone cannot guarantee the longevity of authoritarian regimes. It is for this reason that the Central Asian authoritarian leaders consistently come up with discursive justifications of repression, not least through portraying it as a necessary tool for progress or security. While the new Central Asian leaders’ discourses are characterized by liberal narratives, the illiberal practices keep prevailing across these countries.
Implementation of HSV- based Thresholding Method for Iris Detection
Authors: Islami Fajrul
Published: March 2021

Image thresholding is one of the most frequently used methods in image processing to perform digital image processing. Image thresholding has a technique that can separate the image object from its background. This is a technique that is quite good and effective for segmenting love. In this study, the threshold method used will be combined with the HSV mode for color detection. The threshold method will separate the object and the image background, while HSV will help improve the segmentation results based on the Hue, Saturation, Value values to be able to detect objects more accurately. Segmentation is carried out using the original input image without pre-processing or direct segmentation. As we know that in digital image processing, there are steps that are usually done to get a good input image, namely pre-processing. In this pre-processing stage, processes such as image conversion and image intensity changes are carried out so that the input image is better. Therefore, even though the input image is used without going through the pre-processing stage, the object can be segmented properly based on the color type of the object. The results of this segmentation can later be used for recognition and identification of image objects. The results of the test method for object segmentation achieved a color similarity level of 25%, with an accuracy rate of 75% in detecting uniform color objects. So that this method can be one of the most effective methods in segmenting image objects without pre-processing or direct thresholding
PENGARUH LINGKUNGAN KELUARGA BAHAGIA TERHADAP AKHLAK ANAK
Authors: Solihat Annisa , Ulum Moh Saeful
Published: March 2021

This study aims to determine the effect of a Happy Family Environment on the Moral of Children in Madrasah Diniyah Al-Ikhlash, Pakemitan Kidul Village, Ciawi District, Tasikmalaya Regency. The method used in this research is a descriptive method with a quantitative approach, namely research in the form of expressing the current conditions by considering past conditions through processing the numbers obtained in the study. Based on the results of this study, it can be concluded that children's morals can be improved through a Happy Family Environment. It is recommended that every family member, especially parents, to be more able to improve and create a good and happy family environment so that children's morals can be better.
NH3-N and COD Reduction in Endek (Balinese Textile) Wastewater by Activated Sludge under Different DO Condition with Ozone Pretreatment
Authors: SURYAWAN I Wayan Koko , PRAJATI Gita , AFIFAH Anshah Silmi , APRITAMA Muhammad Rizki
Published: March 2021

Nitrogen and organic matter are part of the pollutant causing eutrophication in freshwater. Textiles industry like Endek is the main source of Nitrogen and organic matter. Tis paper aims to know the degradation process of Ammonia-Nitrogen (NH3-N) and Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) with ozone pretreatment in operated by different DO level activated sludge. There are 2 scenarios of treatments in this study: with ozone pretreatment (R1) and without ozone pretreatment (R2). Wastewater treatment began with the seeding and acclimatization process. This acclimatization study showed the efficiency degradation of NH3-N and COD by 17.7 and 27.5 %. Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD)/COD level increased with ozone pretreatment, from 0.25 to 0.38, COD/TKN level stated at 3.26. Ozone pretreatment reduced NH3-N and COD by 23.8 and 34.1 %. Wastewater treatment with activated sludge operated by different DO levels showed efficiency of 44.2 % (R1) and 68.2 % (R2). This ammonia elimination was capable of preventing eutrophication in the waterbody. The efficiency of NH3-N and Nitrogen organic degradation was indicated by TKN (Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen) levels: 87 % (R1) and 79 % (R2). The concentration of Nitrate (NO3-N) increased from 2.9 to 5.5 mg/L when DO reached 1 - 3 mg/L. COD reduction levels in this study were 17 % (R1) and 42.5 % (R2). Ozone pretreatment could make the efficiency of wastewater treatment qualified into standard quality.
Kinetics of Saccharomyces cerevisiae Fermentation under Metal Ions Stress during Ethanol Production
Authors: SAOTHONG Prayooth , NINCHAN Boontiwa , SRIROTH Klanarong , RATTANAPORN Kittipong , VANICHSRIRATANA Wirat
Published: March 2021

This research investigated the effects of inorganic compounds or metal ions (calcium ion, Ca2+; potassium ion, K+; magnesium ion, Mg2+) on ethanol production efficiency invertase, an enzyme produced by Saccharomyces cerevisiae, in sucrose solution, which was the substrate for yeast fermentation. The results showed that all metal ions (concentration 0.20 and 0.60 % (w/v)) acted as inhibitors on invertase activity in the order Ca2+ > K+ > Mg2+. Subsequently, these ions inhibited sugar conversion, reducing sucrose utilization and less glucose and fructose consumption based on the high content of remaining sugars in the culture medium. The reduction of the substrate was due to the consumption and an increased growth rate of S. cerevisiae, which all resulted in low efficiency of ethanol production and an increase in glycerol content. The glycerol content was increased due to yeast cells' developed mechanism or adaptation to enhance cell survival following metal ion contamination, especially from Ca2+ and K+; furthermore, the glycerol content significantly increased during the changed conditions, such as when the sugars were nearly all consumed. The kinetic parameters such as specific growth rate (µ-1), substrate consumption rate (Qs), and ethanol production of the research work were also undertaken. In conclusion, metal ion contamination in the sucrose substrate of yeast fermentation resulted in low efficiency of ethanol production, specific growth rate, and substrate consumption rate decrease with the Ca2+ ion (concentration 0.20 - 0.60 % (w/v)) acting more harshly as an inhibitor of ethanol production than the other ions, particularly where there was a high concentration of contamination.
Dehumidification Analysis of Rotary Solid Desiccant Wheel & Packed Bed System
Authors:   Mechanical Engineering Department, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India., Hussain Taliv , Alam Zafar ,   Mechanical Engineering Department, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India., Ahamad Danish , Anwar Md Salik , Ahmed Sadique Istekhar , Hafiz Adnan ,   Mechanical Engineering Department, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India.
Published: March 2021

Moisture transport is one of the major challenges in desiccant dehumidification. The transfer of moisture basically involves transfer of heat between moist air and desiccant particles as well as the mass transferal of moisture between moist air and desiccant particles. Type of desiccant dehumidification analysis is heating with dehumidification. Warmth move between sodden air and desiccants likewise gains consideration since temperature appropriation significantly influences the mass exchange execution through desiccant isotherms. The warmth and mass exchange between a clammy air stream and desiccant particles is dissected. Surface dissemination is noticed to overwhelm mass exchange within the silica gel particles. Here in this paper, we have compared the three diffusion coefficients Ordinary, Knudson and surface diffusion both for packed bed system and rotary desiccant system. Also, two models of move coefficients are introduced here and analyzed. Pseudo gas side controlled model usages an observational gas side mass exchange coefficient to represent dissemination opposition on strong side. Solid side resistance model settles the dissemination condition and is the finest exact as far as move coefficients. Notwithstanding, it makes examination considerably more clear.
Razbojništvo u Dušanovom zakoniku
Authors: Confalonieri Andrej
Published: March 2021

Dušanov zakonik iz 1349. godine sadrži samo jednu odredbu o razbojništvu, jer je ovo krivično delo regulisala Skraćena sintagma Matije Vlastara, pa je zakonodavac smatrao da nije potrebno propisivanje novih odredbi. Ipak, u dopunama iz 1354. posvećena je velika pažnja borbi protiv razbojnika i lopova. Razbojnici uhvaćeni na delu su kažnjavani smrću, a oni koji nisu uhvaćeni na delu globom. U slučaju nedostatka dokaza, bio je predviđen poseban oblik božjeg suda, pravdanje železom. Selo je bilo kolektivno odgovorno u slučaju skrivanja razbojnika, u slučaju nanošenja štete putniku usled neizvršenja dužnosti čuvanja puteva i u slučaju krađe carevih svinja. Predviđena je dužnost vođenja opšte istrage za gospodara, upravnika vlastelinstava i starešine, a oni bi bili kažnjavani kao razbojnici u slučaju nemara i neizvršavanja te obaveze. Uvedeno je više odredaba za zaštitu trgovaca i putnika od razbojnika i lopova (pravo na prenoćište putnika u selu i odgovornost upravitelja, gospodara, sela i vladara za nastalu štetu, obaveza kefalija da postave stražu na putevima). Rad pokušava da objasni faktore koji su uticali na težinu kažnjavanja za razbojništvo; konkretno, uticaj vizantijskog prava, prihvatanje hrišćanstva (bol predstavlja mogućnost da se učinilac iskupi za svoje grehove), i generalno-preventivnu svrhu kazne.
From Czechoslovakia to the State of Israel: Introduction to Legal Aspects of Czechoslovak Help to the State of Israel in 1947–1949
Authors: Vrba Vojtěch
Published: March 2021

The paper introduces the reader to basic legal aspects of Czechoslovak help to the State of Israel in 1947–1949. During this time, Czechoslovakia exported arms, ammunition, fighter planes and other war material to the Jewish community in the Middle East. There was also a significant number of volunteers, who underwent various training courses in Czechoslovakia. These courses included training of pilots, aviation mechanics, paratroopers etc. All these operations had their legal merits and aspects. The paper analysis these aspects in general. The sources used in the paper are legal and archival documents and interviews, along with secondary sources and literature, both memoirs and historiographic.
Analysing of Students’ Translation Skill through Idiomatic Translation Method
Authors: Puspita Nurul , Pratiwi Wiwied , Mahmudah Masrurotul , Ambariyani Ambariyani , Arifin Zainal
Published: March 2021

The aim of this study is to know the level of readability of students’ result translation and the error using translation procedure. The researcher used qualitative research. The subject of this research was 15 students at the fifth semester. The result show that the percentages of students’ idiomatic translation result in readability aspect were; 14% data of the translation result was readable, 59% data of the translation result was almost readable, and 27% data of the translation result was unreadable. The percentage of students done mistake in procedures of translation were: 70% students’ errors in using addition, 60% students’ error in using omission, and 40% student’s error in using transposition. Mostly and relatively they translated the text literally, using unacceptable term, translated out of the context
succession
Authors: Grigoryeva Elena
Published: March 2021

Does new always mean the best? Throughout  the  last  century people had been actively  trying  to  invent  and  build  a  new world.  A  world  without  old  or  obsolete things.  The  end  of  the  millennium  gave rise  to  an  illusion  that  all  achievements, disasters and confrontations of the previous ten centuries were left behind. But the new century has already brought so drastic changes that the attitude toward the past is no longer the same. The larger the wave of  the  new  becomes,  the  more  precious looks the succession, or the continuity of the past in the present.Is  it  pure  coincidence  that  the  English words “succession” and “success” have the same  root? The  Ise Shrine  in Japan  is  rebuilt every 20 years because two previous generations of craftsmen are still alive at the time of each reconstruction. The tradition does not change. The technology, the aesthetic principles, the manner of understanding and feeling of beauty are passed from hand to hand.We have  frequently  referred  to  the period of  creative  rise  in  the middle  of  the  last century,  to  the  phenomenon  of  the  “sixtiers”. Like the modernism  itself, Siberian brutalism  opposed  the  classical  cannons, but  today  its  audacious  large-scale  solutions  look  like  a  direct  continuation  of the  centuries-old  development  of  architecture. Today’s rebirth of  interest  in brutalism  is not accidental. We believe  in  its recovery, of course, on a new level of comprehension and in new forms.Indeed, if the main function of the state in the 21st  century  is  to provide  conditions for human self-realisation with the use of cultural and historical  identity,  it  is  time to speak about SUCCESSION.
Выборы. Фестивали
Authors: Григорьева Елена
Published: March 2021

2020 год, отчетно-выборный для многих организаций Союза архитекторов России, пришелся на ситуацию форс-мажора из‑за пандемии.
О прототипах в архитектуре. Интернет-дискуссия
Authors: Багина Елена
Published: March 2021

Авангард и модернизм показали, что порождение небывалых и новых форм без опоры на прототипы практически невозможно. Рассматривается декларируемый архитекторами в отдельные периоды времение «отказ от прототипов» и его скрытые основания. Обсуждается тема подвижности прототипов и их связи с культурным и контекстами.
Прототипы без проектирования?
Authors: Капустин Петр
Published: March 2021

Проблематику преемственности и новаций в архитектуре невозможно обсуждать вне категории прототипа. Для истории архитектуры это ключевая категория, тысячелетиями воспринимавшаяся позитивно и утвердительно. Но в XX веке прототипы стали восприниматься как нечто устаревшее; авангард стремился полностью отказаться от них. Методология проектирования второй половины XX в. пыталась подвести под борьбу с прототипами теоретическую базу. Удалось ли победить прототипы? Надо ли бороться с ними? Вот вопросы, возникающие после чтения теоретической работы А. Г. Раппапорта «Проектирование без прототипов», которой исполняется 45 лет.
Архитектурные прототипы: вчера и сегодня
Authors: Бархин Андрей
Published: March 2021

История архитектуры предстает как постоянный перебор вариантов, и цель этих экспериментов – обретение наилучшего образца, прототипа; так устроена эволюция форм и в природе. Именно поэтому архитектура в значительной мере консервативна. Только новации в идеологии или технике определяют, когда на смену одному стилевому прототипу приходит другой. Казалось бы, верность выбранным принципам – это заветная архитектурная добродетель, и тем не менее свобода, способность вырабатывать новые языки и решения стали важнейшими открытиями мастеров ХХ века.
Иван Леонидов: предполагаемые реализации в Кисловодске и Москве
Authors: Завадовский Петр
Published: March 2021

В статье рассматривается ряд реализаций второй половины 30-х годов в Кисловодске и Москве, несущих характерные признаки манеры Ивана Леонидова. Рассматривается возможность и степень его авторского участия и аргументы в пользу такого предположения.
стиль и время
Authors: Лидин Константин
Published: March 2021

Каждое время порождает свой стиль, а стиль отображает свое время и во многом формирует тот образ, который преемственность сохраняет в последующие эпохи. В продолжение серии статей Петра Капустина, посвященных истории и философии отдельных архитектурных элементов, мы публикуем материал о пилястрах и их трансформациях в рамках разных стилей и времен.
Наследие социалистических городов (Россия, Германия, Украина)
Authors: Малько Анастасия , Козлова Людмила
Published: March 2021

Микрорайоны массовой панельной застройки в последние годы подвержены сносу из-за проблем технического, социального и функционального и эстетического характера. Но они являются большим этапом истории советского градостроительства и являются наследием, потенциал которого на сегодняшний день до конца не раскрыт. Представлена методика и основные этапы международного научно-исследовательского проекта, направленного на поиск концепций и стратегий устойчивого развития территорий массовой панельной застройки 1960–1970-х гг., осуществленного при финансовой поддержке Фонда Фольксваген.
Дизайн-образование: кризис смыслов и перспективы трансформации
Authors: Салмин Леонид
Published: March 2021

Кризис смыслов в отечественной системе дизайн-образования, возникший в результате исторической маргинализации профессии, ставит ее перед необходимостью институциональной трансформации и изменения форм и содержания учебной деятельности. Статья намечает стратегические направления необходимой трансформации в современных условиях и дает их методологическую рефлексию.
Место, где учат
Authors: Булгакова Елена
Published: March 2021

Общие закономерности организации учебного пространства в большинстве современных школ опираются на традиции классно-урочной системы. Ее недостатки особенно заметно проявляются в сфере архитектурного образования. Быстрый рост количества и разнообразия виртуальных образовательных ресурсов ставит необычайно новаторскую и актуальную задачу – формирование архитектуры виртуального образовательного пространства.
Ebü’l-Kāsım Abdurrahman es-Sakalî (öl. 380/990 [?]) ve Tasavvuf Tarihindeki Yeri
Authors: Başer Haci Bayram
Published: March 2021

Bu makalede el-Envār fî ‘ilmi’l-esrār ve makāmāti’l-ebrār ve ed-Delāle ʿalellāh isimli eserlerin müellifi Ebü’l-Kāsım Abdurrahman es-Sakalî’nin (öl. 380/990 [?]) biyografisi ortaya konulmaktadır. Sakalî, hicri dördüncü yüzyılda Kayrevân’da yetişmiş, Hicaz’a yaptığı seyahatte Sehl b. Abdillah et-Tüsterî’nin talebeleriyle irtibat kurarak onun bir takipçisi olmuş ve bu çerçevede eserler kaleme almış Mâlikî bir mutasavvıftır. Dönemin ünlü Mâlikî âlimleri İbn Ebû Zeyd ve Ebü’l-Hasen el-Kābisî ile velâyet ve kerâmet konularında ihtilaf yaşamış ve bu ihtilaf İslam dünyasının farklı muhitlerine de etki etmiştir. Bununla birlikte klasik ve çağdaş kaynaklarda Sakalî’nin kimliğine ve ilim çevresine ilişkin çok sayıda belirsizlik bulunmakta, bu da Sakalî hakkındaki çalışmaları zorlaştırmaktadır. Bu çerçevede makalede tasavvuf literatürü ve Mâlikî tabakāt literatürü disiplinler arası bir metotla mukayeseli bir şekilde incelenmiş, Sakalî’nin nisbesinin nasıl okunması gerektiği soruşturulmuş, onun ilişkili olduğu âlimler ve sûfîler tespit edilmiştir. Dolayısıyla bu makalenin amacı, klasik ve çağdaş kaynaklardaki bilgileri bir araya getirerek Sakalî’nin biyografisiyle ilgili güncel bir anlatıya ulaşmak ve onun tasavvuf tarihindeki önemine dikkat çekmektir.
Sûfî Menâkıbnâmelerinde Yer Alan Bazı Hayvan Motiflerinin Tasavvufî Açıdan Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: İltuş Cüveyriye
Published: March 2021

Kültürel, sosyal, dinî ve millî değerlerin nesillere aktarımını sağlayarak bu değerlerin devamlılığına katkıda bulunan ve böylece nesiller arasındaki bağı kuvvetlendiren menâkıbnâmeler, döneminin yaşayış özelliklerine dair birçok bilgi ihtiva etmektedir. Sûfî menâkıbnâmelerinde de tasavvufî yaşama ve anlayışa dair malumat bulunmaktadır. İnançla ilgili değerleri kalp ve zihinlere yerleştirmek amacıyla hayvan motiflerinden faydalanma, menâkıbnâmelerde rastlanılan unsurlardandır. Bu sebeple, çalışmanın amacı sûfî menâkıbnâmelerinde yer alan bazı hayvan motiflerinin ele alınması ve bu motiflerin yer aldığı menkabelerin tasavvufî açıdan değerlendirilmesidir. Bu çalışmada nitel araştırma kapsamında belge tarama modeli, verilerin toplanmasında belge tarama yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Bu araştırmada yer alan veriler doküman incelemesi yöntemiyle elde edilmiştir. Örnekleme yoluyla seçilen menkabeler belirlenen hedefler doğrultusunda ele alınmıştır.
Zero hunger and malnutrition in the African continent is potentially feasible, if nutrition programs are prioritized politically and scientifically
Authors: Hussein Laila
Published: March 2021

African countries and in particular the Sub Sahara ones contribute to the largest proportion of the global burden of poverty and associated diet-related diseases in all its forms, including micronutrient malnutrition. Malnutrition rates remain alarming: and stunting an indicator of chronic malnutrition is declining too slowly. The main objectives of the present article are to focus on 1- the current food supply and nutritional status among the vulnerable young population in African countries 2- Insight on the efforts towards reaching the global goal (2) for ending hunger within the context of the SDS2030. The methodology included urgent short- and medium-term interventions priorities programs implemented by foreign aids and international organizations for the management of severe and moderate malnutrition among African children. Details on the composition of the so-called ready-to-use foods used for treating malnourished children are presented. The outcomes of such programs with all their positives and negatives were put together as lessons to be learned and to close the information gap. The cost for treating one single malnourished child with these ready to use foods is in the range between 50 up to 200 US$. To make Goal 2 a reality by the year 2030, a number of scientific-based sustainable solutions were created and recommended for application. Maximizing the use of local food resources, and minimizing losses by applying the logarithm of linear modeling so that nutritious recipes can be formulated at the lowest cost. Capacity building of junior African academics and increased investments in research focusing on diet quality for optimizing the formulation of recipes for feeding infants and children. Strengthening scientific collaboration and exchange of visits and experiences between scientists from the 54 African countries. The establishment of an African Consortium with experts in the diverse areas of food systems to work together more effectively under the umbrella of the African Union. Keywords: African countries, Staple foods, Intake of animal-sourced foods, Severe and moderately malnourished children, Ready to use foods, SDG 2030, Sustainable nutrient-dense diets, Linear programming, Fermented foods, Intra Africa trade agreements, Political will.
The Authorial Version of the E-Verse iren(n)a cyst in Beowulf
Authors: Bammesberger Alfred
Published: March 2021

The half-line īrena/īrenna cyst, an E-verse in Beowulf, causes problems because īrena is prosodically too weak in the second syllable, but metrically correct īrenna is morphologically difficult to account for. Since there is good reason for assuming that the word for ‘iron’ was īsern at an early stage of Old English it may be suggested that, in the course of the textual history of Beowulf, īsern tended to be replaced by īren. In all its occurrences in Beowulf, īren can be replaced by īsern without harm to the metre. It is therefore thinkable that the authorial version of the formulaic E-verse was īserna cyst.
The Diachronic Evolution of the Complementation Profile of REMEMBER from Late Modern to Present-day British English
Authors: García-Castro Laura
Published: March 2021

The emergence of gerund-participial complement clauses (CCs) is considered to be one of the major developments of the Great Complement Shift (Rohdenburg 1996: 2006) and has contributed to the alleged long-term trend for the growth of non-finite CCs in the English language (Denison 1999: 256). The verb remember saw its complementation profile altered by the introduction of gerundparticipial CCs, which entered into free competition with finite declarative CCs when the meaning of the verb is ‘recall’. This envelope of variation is studied here in terms of frequency distribution and the language-internal factors that influence the choice in Present-day British English (BrE). Results are compared to Cuyckens et al. (2014) findings for the Late Modern English period. The data show that the distribution of finite and non-finite CCs stabilised in the last century: the trend in English towards growth in the proportion of nonfinite CCs is not observed in this study. As for factors conditioning CC variation, non-structural factors (e.g. CC meaning) are key variables disfavouring non-finite CCs in Present-day BrE, while structural factors appear not to influence the choice today, unlike in Late Modern English, where both structural and non-structural factors conditioned the variation observed (Cuyckens et al. 2014).
Ergänzungen zum Bestand mittelhochdeutscher stabreimender Wortpaare:
Authors: Jeep John M.
Published: March 2021

Als Ergänzung zu einer langjährigen methodologischen Sammlung stabreimender Wortpaare im Mittelhochdeutschen (siehe zuletzt Jeep 2019: 544, mit den entsprechenden Studien) wird der Wortpaarbestand dreier früher religiöser Texte – Anegenge, Das Leben des Heiligen Ulrich und Heinrich und Kunigunde – erstmals vollständig und im Kontext der frühdeutschen Überlieferung erfasst. Diese vierundzwanzig Paare sind zum Teil schon vor diesen Texten mehrfach belegt, zum Teil wohl Neuprägungen. Die Beispiele werden im großen Zusammenhang mit über 1.200 bislang nachgewiesenen Wortpaaren des Frühdeutschen untersucht, wobei die bisherige Forschung mit einbezogen wird. Vorweg wird ein Nachtrag zum bestehenden Katalog frühmittelhochdeutscher Paare (Jeep 2006) geliefert.
Sprachwissen und Spontaneität – Erfahrungen aus der Feldforschung
Authors: Seidelmann Erich
Published: March 2021

In neuerer Zeit wurden die Dokumentationen traditioneller Sprachatlanten in mehreren Arbeiten der grundsätzlichen Kritik unterzogen, sie böten auf Grund der angewandten Fragetechnik lediglich veraltetes Beleggut, während der tatsächliche Sprachstand zur Erhebungszeit erst durch spontansprachliche Äußerungen belegt werde. Es wird in diesem Beitrag nach systematischer Auswertung spontanen und evozierten Belegmaterials aus dem Südwestdeutschen Sprachatlas exemplarisch eine differenziertere Belegqualifizierung herausgearbeitet, die auch Kriterien des Sprachbewusstseins und der Normvorstellung berücksichtigt.
Was du nicht sagst! – ¡No me digas! Überraschung!
Authors: Vivaldi Valentina
Published: March 2021

Als Routineformeln werden einzelne Wörter oder feste Wortketten betrachtet, die zur Durchführung eines Sprechaktes dienen. Ziel dieses Beitrags ist es, eine Gruppe von Routineformeln zu erforschen, denen die phraseologische Forschung bisher eine begrenzte Aufmerksamkeit gewidmet hat, und zwar emotive Formeln. Deutsche und spanische Routineformeln, die den Sprechakttyp EIN GEFÜHL ÄUßERN bzw. AUSDRÜCKEN realisieren, werden untersucht und durch eine kontrastive Analyse verglichen. Insbesondere kommen Einheiten in Betracht, die Überraschung bzw. Erstaunen – und ihre jeweiligen Gefühlsnuancen – äußern bzw. ausdrücken können. Ein vorherrschend pragmalinguistisches Tertium Comparationis wird festgelegt, in dem der Kontext sich jeweils als auschlaggebend erweist, um die Bedeutung und den Intensivierungsgrad der einzelnen Wortketten bestimmen zu können.
¡Hola, amores! Los saludos, las despedidas y las formas nominales de tratamiento de los youtubers españoles
Authors: Pelttari Sanna
Published: March 2021

Este artículo estudia los saludos, las despedidas y las formas nominales de tratamiento de los youtubers españoles para conocer mejor estos factores intervinientes en la creación de los vínculos interpersonales en la plataforma digital de YouTube. En el análisis multimodal se toman en consideración los recursos verbales y no verbales (gestos, movimientos de las manos, expresiones faciales) vinculados con estos rituales. El corpus principal consiste en 44 vídeos analizados, uno por cada youtuber, participante de Tubecon Madrid en 2017. La elección de Tubecon como marco referencial permite explorar el fenómeno con una variedad mayor que da a conocer mejor a la generación de los youtubers en su conjunto. Según los resultados, los saludos resultan más neutrales que las despedidas. Estas se caracterizan por el mayor peso afectivo, por la ampliación temporal del ritual y por la provechosa diversificación de los recursos usados. Asimismo, en los resultados se acentúan la simetría y la cercanía de las relaciones interpersonales de la comunidad virtual. A pesar de la variación, los youtubers parecen recurrir en su producción a los mismos recursos tanto verbales como no verbales en sus saludos y despedidas, según desvela el corpus complementario del estudio.
RESPON PEMBERIAN PUPUK NPK TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN BIBIT KOPI ROBUSTA (Coffee robusta)
Authors: Thamrin Syahruni , Junaedi Junaedi , Irmayana Irmayana
Published: March 2021

The study aims to determine the effect of various doses of NPK fertilizer on the growth of Robusta coffee plant seeds.  The study was conducted at the screen house of the Department of Plantation Plant Cultivation at the Pangkep State Polytechnic of Agricultural.  The study uses a simple statistical analysis with a Randomized Group Design (RBD) pattern, which is to calculate the mean (average) of each experiment, which consists of 3 levels of treatment, namely: without applying NPK fertilizer (P0), NPK fertilizer application with a dose of 14 grams (P1), application of NPK fertilizer at a dose of 18 grams (P2), and application of NPK fertilizer at a dose of 22 grams (P3). The results showed that NPK fertilizer application had no significant effect on plant height, number of leaves and stem diameter of coffee plant seedlings.    But visually, the best treatment for plant height is NPK fertilizer with a dose of 18 grams (P2), for the number of leaves is NPK fertilizer with a dose of 22 grams (P3), and for the stem diameter all treatments are the same except for the smallest P1.
INVENTARISASI SERANGGA PADA TANAMAN REFUGIA DI LAHAN TEACHING FARM, BULUDUA
Authors: Muliani Sri , Eriani Eni , Halid Erna , Kumalawati Zahraeni
Published: March 2021

Tanaman refugia mempunyai potensi menyokong mekanisme sistem yang meliputi perbaikan ketersediaan makanan alternatif seperti nektar, serbuk sari, dan embun madu; menyediakan tempat berlindung atau iklim mikro yang digunakan serangga predator untuk bertahan melalui pergantian musim atau berlindung dari faktor-faktor ekstremitas lingkungan atau pestisida; dan menyediakan habitat untuk inang atau mangsa alternative. Pengamatan dilakukan di lahan teaching farm, Buludua bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi jenis-jenis gulma yang berpotensi sebagai tanaman refugia dan mengidentifikasi jenis-jenis serangga yang datang atau hinggap ke gulma refugia. Pengamatan dilakukan dengan metode observasi langsung dan penangkapan serangga dilakukan dengan menggunakan jaring ayun selanjutnya diidentifikasi dilaboratorium. Hasil pengamatan menunjukkan terdapat 4 jenis gulma dan serangga yang ditemukan di kebun pertanaman Buludua, , yaitu Cynedrella nodiflora, Centella asiatica, Ageratum conyozides,, dan Borreria laevis.  Terdapat 4 ordo serangga yaitu odonata, hymenoptera, lepidoptera dan  coleoptera. Terdapat  4 species serangga  yaitu Orthetrum sabina, Troides helena, Monomorium sp.dan kumbang Coccinella sp. yang berperan sebagai serangga berguna. Terdapat 1 ordo serangga yaitu ordo orthoptera dan 2 species serangga yang berfungsi sebagai  serangga herbivora yaitu Oxya servile dan  Valanga nigricornis..
Pola nafkah petani kopi: kajian petani kopi di desa tertinggal di Kabupaten Jeneponto
Authors: Junais Isnam
Published: March 2021

Kemiskinan sangat identik dengan masyarakat petani, jeratan kemiskinan seolah menjadi penyakit masyarakat yang sudah turun temurun. Salah satu faktor yang memperparah kondisi ini adalah kurangnya sumber daya masyarakat petani dalam mengelola potensi yang dimiliki.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat pola nafkah petani kopi di sebuah desa tertinggal. Penelitian ini melibatkan 70 keluarga petani yang diwawancarai. Analisis data menggunakan pendekatan data kuantitatif yang kemudian didukung dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa, ketidakmampuan petani dalam memenuhi kebutuhannya sepenuhnya bukan karena kurangnya pendapatan petani namun, ketidakmampuan petani dalam mengelola keuangan dalam rangka memenuhi kebutuhan keluarga. Pendapatan petani yang tidak merata sepanjang tahun dimana petani hanya akan mendapatkan pendatan lebih di masa musim panen kopi dan hortikultura yaitu pada bulan April, Mei dan Juli, selebihnya petani hanya menggantungkan pendapatannya pada tanaman hortikultura jangka pendek dan sektor lain diluar pertanian seperti buruh bangunan di kota, berdagang, supir dan lain-lain. Sehingga secara umum masyarakat petani akan nampak miskin akibat ketidakmampuannya dalam memenuhi kebutuhannya. Oleh karena itu, untuk dapat mengelola kebutuhan diperlukan adanya peningkatan sumberdaya petani dalam mengelola pendapatan sehingga mampu merencanakan pemenuhan kebutuhan keluarga dalam satu tahun.