bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Review on Converters used in Electric Vehicle Drive System
Authors: A. Anu Priya and Dr. S. Senthil Kumar
Published: January 2023

Electric vehicles (EVs) are gaining popularity due to their improved performance and environmentally friendly nature. The
effectiveness of EVs depends on the successful interface between their energy storage systems and propulsion motor. One of the
key components of an EV is the motor converter, which converts the electrical energy stored in the battery into mechanical energy
that powers the vehicle's propulsion system. The motor converter used in EV drive system is reviewed. Non- isolated converter for
DC/DC conversion and DC/AC converter to drive the motor are stated. Despite their usefulness, EV converters have some
drawbacks, large number of components, high current stress, high switching loss, slow dynamic response, and computational
complexity. This review examines various EV converter configurations, highlighting their topology, features, components,
operation, strengths, and weaknesses.
Blockchain Technology and AI-A Review
Authors: Shirole Anand , Thakur Namrata , Dixit Rishi , Mirajkar Riddhi , Makarand Shelke Priya
Published: January 2023

This paper examines the advantagesand disadvantages of using blockchain technology in the field of Artificial Technology. There is no denying that the concept of artificial intelligence (AI) and blockchain is spreading at an astonishing rate. Both technologies have different levels of technical complexity and multidimensional business impact. Some of the limitations of existing blockchain technology may be surpassedbyartificialintelligence(AI). Inthispaper, we suggest a blockchain that usesAI to automatically create smart contracts, transforming them into intelligent contracts. It also consumes less energy and expedites transaction verification. The findings demonstrate that, in several circumstances, intelligent contracts provide greater security than smart contracts. Researchers have studied the combination of these two technologies. This is because the integration of these two technologies will significantly advance the underlying architecture ofthe blockchain and improve AI at rest. Thepartnership between AI and blockchain should create many possibilities. By using blockchain technology, this study seeks to demonstrate the state of the art in the field of artificial intelligence. It also considers thedifficulties and problems encountered in implementing these technologies. It is established that the trusting combination of AI with blockchain opens up several opportunities. Similar techniques offer scientistsand regulators up to 90% accuracy when properly considered.
¿Apuntalando las bases de un derecho del trabajo con perspectiva de identidad de género?
Authors: Requena Montes Oscar
Published: January 2023

El presente artículo da cuenta de los pasos que, en el ámbito legislativo y judicial, se vienen observando en torno a los derechos de las personas trans, aprovechando la ocasión para, en un primer momento, reflexionar sobre la necesidad de aclarar la terminología relacionada con la identidad sexual y de género y, posteriormente, analizar algunas medidas favorables a la adaptación del marco normativo laboral a la realidad jurídica y social del mencionado colectivo. Con este fin, concretamente se evalúan las últimas normas orientadas a la prevención y protección de las víctimas de discriminación y violencia sexual, entrando a valorar sucintamente algunas de las modificaciones previstas en el Proyecto de Ley para la igualdad real y efectiva de las personas trans y para la garantía de los derechos de las personas LGTBI.
Patient Satisfaction with Rheumatology Practitioner Clinics: Can We Achieve Concordance by Meeting Patients’ Information Needs and Encouraging Participatory Decision Making?
Authors: Lim Anita YN , Ellis Corinne , Brooksby Alan , Gaffney Karl
Published: January 2023

Introduction: The objective of this study was to determine if patient information needs are being met and the level of patient satisfaction with rheumatology practitioners in participatory decision-making and thereby indirectly explore whether concordance was achieved.

Materials and Methods: The design was a cross-sectional postal questionnaire survey of 420 patients attending outpatient clinics at the Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital who were taking disease modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDs) or a biological treatment. The population served is ethnically homogeneous and predominantly Caucasian.

Results: The response rate was 76%. Most respondents (79%) had inflammatory arthritis while 66% had rheumatoid arthritis. Seventy-seven per cent of patients reported that the rationale behind commencing treatment was explained and that they were given ample opportunities to ask questions. Eighty-two per cent said they were given an appropriate amount of information. Sixty-four per cent of patients were satisfied with their level of participation in the decision-making process, although a substantial number (25%) said that information from different sources was conflicting. There was no correlation between concern about side effects and patients’ perceptions of the effectiveness of medication. Females were more concerned than males about possible side effects; P =0.009, using the Mann-Whitney U test. One third of the patients altered their medication in response to whether their arthritis felt better or worse.

Conclusion: The majority of patients were satisfied that their information needs were met and with the care provided in the practitioner clinic. Participatory decision-making was sub-optimal despite patient satisfaction with the amount of time allocated to meeting their information needs. We found that patients exercise autonomy in managing their arthritis by regulating their medications through an active decision-making process, which is informed by their previous experience of medication, and how well controlled they felt their arthritis was. Research into this decision-making process may hold the key to achieving concordance.

Key words: Compliance, Concordance, Decision-making, Satisfaction, Side effects
Angioedema and Systemic Lupus Erythematosus – A Complementary Association?
Authors: Lahiri Manjari , Lim Anita YN
Published: January 2023

Introduction: We report angioedema as a rare presentation leading to a diagnosis of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).

Clinical Picture: A diagnosis of angioedema was delayed in a patient presenting with limb and facial swelling until she developed acute upper airway compromise. After excluding allergic and hereditary angioedema, acquired angioedema (AAE) was suspected, possibly precipitated by respiratory tract infection. Associated clinical and laboratory features led to a diagnosis of SLE.

Treatment: Management proved challenging and included high dose steroids and immunosuppressants.

Outcome: The patient responded to treatment and remains in remission without recurrence of the angioedema.

Conclusion: AAE occurs due to the acquired deficiency of inhibitor of C1 component of complement (C1 INH). Lymphoproliferative disorders and anti-C1 INH antibodies are well-described associations. However, one should also consider the possibility of SLE.

Key words: Complement C1 inactivator proteins, Angioneurotic oedema
Case Reports of Transient Loss of Vision and Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Authors: Lateef Aisha , Lim Anita YN
Published: January 2023

Introduction: Neuropsychiatric manifestations can occur in up to two-thirds of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). The presentations as well as the underlying immuno-pathogenic mechanisms can be heterogeneous and therefore have an enormous impact on therapeutic options.

Clinical Picture: We describe 2 patients who presented similarly with acute onset binocular reversible visual loss. The first patient had anti-phospholipid syndrome and optic neuritis, while the second patient suffered from posterior reversible leukoencephalopathy syndrome.

Treatment: Patient one was treated with anti-coagulation and immunosuppression while the second patient required the withdrawal of immunosuppression and supportive therapy.

Outcome: Both patients responded favourably and had complete visual recovery.

Conclusions: Different management strategies have to be employed for similar presentations having different aetiologies, underscoring the need for constant clinical vigilance.

Key words: Anti-phospholipid syndrome, Loss of vision, Posterior reversible leukoencephalopathy syndrome
Interleukin-18 Promoter Gene Polymorphisms in Chinese Patients With Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: Association With CC Genotype at Position –607
Authors: Xu Qian , Tin Soe Kyaw , Paramalingam Sivalingam Suppiah , Thumboo Julian , Koh Dow-Rhoon , Fong Kok-Yong
Published: January 2023

Introduction: Interleukin-18 (IL-18) is a Th1 cytokine, which is postulated to play a role in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Two single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the IL-18 promoter gene region were found to influence the quantitative expression of the IL-18 protein. The aim of this study was to determine whether IL-18 promoter gene polymorphisms are associated with SLE.

Materials and Methods: One hundred and thirteen Chinese SLE patients and 218 Chinese healthy individuals were recruited. Genomic DNA was extracted from peripheral venous blood. Sequence-specific primer PCR and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis were used to genotype the DNA samples for SNP-137 and SNP-
607. The following genotypes were obtained: SNP(-607) AA, AC, CC and SNP(-137) GG, GC, CC. Plasma IL-18 concentrations of patients and control subjects were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.

Results: the frequency of SNP-607/CC genotype was significantly higher in SLE patients (Pc < 0.05) while genotype SNP-607/AC was significantly decreased in SLE patients compared to the control group (Pc <0.05). Plasma IL-18 concentrations were significantly higher in SLE patients than in control subjects (P <0.05). Both patients and control subjects with CC and AC genotypes have significantly higher IL-18 concentrations than those with AA genotype.

Conclusion: The IL-18 promoter gene polymorphism SNP–607 C allele is associated with SLE and may result in the enhanced production of IL-18 protein in SLE and normal individuals.

Key words: Cytokines, Genotype, Single nucleotide polymorphisms
In vivo Pro- and Anti-inflammatory Cytokines in Normal and Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Paramalingam Sivalingam Suppiah , Thumboo Julian , Vasoo Sheila , Thio Szu Tien , Tse Connie , Fong Kok-Yong
Published: January 2023

Introduction: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic, deforming arthritis that can lead to disabilities and poor quality of life. Cytokines are protein mediators of inflammation and are produced as a result of the activation of various cellular reactions. They are the final mediators and/or regulators of the inflammatory process.

Materials and Methods: The sera from 64 RA patients were assayed for both Th-1 and Th-2 related cytokines and soluble TNF-α receptors (IFN-γ, TGF-β, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-12, IL-18, sTNF-R1 and sTNF-R2) using ELISA.

Results: The pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1, IL-6, IL-8, IL-18 and TNF-α) were significantly elevated in RA patients, while TGF-β, an immunomodulatory cytokine, was elevated in control individuals. When the RA patients were categorised as active or inactive based on DAS scores, similar cytokines profiles were observed in both RA sub-groups. However, assays of sTNF-R1 and sTNFR-2 were noted to be significantly elevated in inactive RA patients when compared to active patients.

Conclusion: Our findings indicate that local production of cytokine inhibitors is capable of diminishing disease activity and cytokine activity.

Key words: Cytokines, Inflammation, Rheumatoid arthritis soluble receptors
Demographic and Clinical Features of 150 Pathological Gamblers Referred to a Community Addictions Programme
Authors: Teo Patrick , Mythily Subramaniam , Anantha Suresh , Winslow Munidasa
Published: January 2023

Introduction: Pathological gambling has been defined as a persistent and recurrent maladaptive gambling behaviour that disrupts personal, family and work life. The present study reports on the sociodemographic features, gambling activity, comorbidity and legal problems in a sample of 150 pathological gamblers who sought treatment from the Community Addiction Management Programme (CAMP), Singapore over a 4-year period from 2002 to 2006.

Materials and Methods: Data were collected on 150 consecutive subjects who sought treatment at CAMP. Patients were administered a semi-structured interview to elicit demographic data, age of onset, family history, onset games and types of games ever played, largest debt incurred due to gambling, triggers, illegal activities and suicidal attempts by their counsellor. Patients were then assessed by the clinicians to establish the primary and comorbid diagnoses.

Results: The mean age of the subjects was 42.5 [standard deviation (SD) 10.2] years. The majority of them were males (87.3%) and of Chinese origin (97.3%). The most common comorbid disorders were mood disorders (n = 22, 14.7%), substance abuse (n = 11, 7.3%) and alcohol abuse or dependence (n = 7, 4.7%). Sixteen (10.7%) subjects had a history of suicidal attempts which had been precipitated by gambling-related issues.

Conclusions: Pathological gambling in our subjects appears to be associated with significant comorbidity and financial problems. These are the preliminary findings and further research is needed regarding the phenomenology, profile, course and response to treatment of pathological gambling disorders.

Key words: Comorbidity, Pathological gambling, Singapore
On assessment of the Bering-Chukchi-Beaufort Seas stock of bowhead whales (Balaena mysticetus) using a Bayesian approach
Authors: Punt A. E.
Published: January 2023

This paper explores a number of issues surrounding the current assessment of the Bering-Chukchi-Beaufort (B-C-B) Seas stock of bowhead whales and provides a ‘preferred’ set of specifications for this assessment. A Bayesian approach appears to be preferable. However, the Bayesian Synthesis method is subject to the Borel paradox. Reverting to a ‘standard’ Bayesian approach which places all ‘indirect’ nformation in priors (rather than representing this information as likelihoods) would overcome this problem. The basis for the prior distributions used should be documented clearly, and the sources of information for the B-C-B bowhead stock divided into ‘indirect’ and ‘direct’. Simulation results and ‘in principle” arguments support the choice of a current population size rather than the pre-exploitation equilibrium size for the parameter to scale the population size (i.e. a *backwards’ rather than a ‘forwards’ approach). Arguments are presented that the most appropriate choice for a productivity-related parameter, for which a prior has to be specified, is the maximum steady rate of increase. A method for treating the Ny/P, estimates as relative indices of abundance, allowing for prior information about the relationship between absolute abundance and those estimates, and accounting for the correlation among the indices of relative abundance ‘derived from the N, and P, data is developed. Two ‘preferred approaches’ for assessing the resource both lead to estimates for the lower 5 percentile of the replacement yield that are greater than the current annual strike limit of 67 for the B-C-B stock.
Bycatches of harbour porpoises (Phocoena phocoena L.) in Danish set-net fisheries
Authors: Winther Morten
Published: January 2023

Data on bycatch of harbour porpoise (Phocoena phocoena L.) in the commercial Danish set-net fisheries were sampled from 5,591km nets in the period 1992 to 1998 using independent observers. A total bycatch of 325 harbour porpoises was reported. Cluster analysis was used to stratify the sampled fishing trips and official catch statistics into a number of different m6tiers defined by the target species for the trips. Extrapolation of the observed bycatch rate to total fish landings of the Danish set-net fleet gave an average annual bycatch of 6,785 (CV 0.12) for the North Sea fisheries in the period 1994-1998. Sampling was not sufficient to estimate total bycatch for other areas. Bycatch was observed in Kattegat but not in the Baltic Sea. Generalised Linear Models were used to identify significant factors for bycatch in the North Sea. The bycatch rate, given as number per length of nets x soak time, was significantly lower in fisheries for flatfish compared to roundfish fisheries. The highest bycatch rate was in the cod fishery over wrecks and no bycatch was observed in the sole fishery. Significant seasonal variation of bycatch was identified with the highest bycatch rate in the first and third quarter of the year. Bycatch rates had not changed in the observed period and there was no significant difference in bycatch rates between sub-areas.
Migratory destinations of humpback whales from Norwegian and adjacent waters: evidence for stock identity
Authors: T. Stevick Peter , 0ien Nils , K. Mattila David
Published: January 2023

Migratory destinations of humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae) in the eastern North Atlantic were investigated using natural markings. A total of 96 individuals was identified from Norwegian and adjacent waters during 1992 and 1993: of these 63 were observed in the Norwegian and Barents Seas and 33 in the Greenland Sea near Jan Mayen. These were compared with other individuals identified throughout the North Atlantic to identify resightings. Ten individuals were identified in both Norway and in the West Indies. There were no significant differences in this rate of exchange to the West Indies between the sample from Norway or either Norwegian sub-area and other feeding areas in the North Atlantic. The mean West Indies sighting date for humpback whales from Norway was 2 March, significantly later than the overall mean for sightings from the West Indies. The individuals identified represent a variety of reproductive classes and both sexes. Observations of mothers with newborn calves, and males in competitive groups, provide the strongest evidence to date that the West Indies is utilised as a breeding and calving ground by humpback whales which feed in Norwegian waters. These results suggest that the West Indies is an important, and likely the primary, breeding destination for individual humpback whales feeding off Norway.
Morphology and distribution of the spinner dolphin, Stenella longirostris, rough-toothed dolphin, Steno bredanensis and melon-headed whale, Peponocephala electra, from waters off the Sultanate of Oman
Authors: VAN WAEREBEEK KOEN , GALLAGHER MICHAEL , BALDWIN ROBERT , PAPASTAVROU VASSILI , Mustafa Al-Lawati Samira
Published: January 2023

The morphology of three tropical delphinids from the Sultanate of Oman and their occurrence in the Arabian Sea are presented. Body lengths of four physically mature spinner dolphins (three males) ranged from 154- l78.3cm (median 164.5cm), i.e. smaller than any known stock of spinner dolphins, except the dwarf forms from Thailand and Australia. Skulls of Oman spinner dolphins (11 = I0) were practically indistinguishable from those of eastern spinner dolphins (Stenella longirosrris orientalis) from the eastern tropical Pacific, but were considerably smaller than skulls of populations of pantropical (Stene/la longirostris longirostris) and Central American spinner dolphins (Stenella !ongirostris centroamericana). Two colour morphs (CM) were observed. The most common (CMI) has the typical tripartite pattern of the pantropical spinner dolphin. A small morph (CM2), so far seen mostly off Muscat, is characterised by a dark dorsal overlay obscuring most of the tripartite pattern and by a pinkish or white ventral field and supragenital patch. Two skulls were linked to a CMI colour morph, the others were undetermined. It is concluded that Oman spinner dolphins should be treated as a discrete population, morphologically distinct from all known spinner dolphin subspecies. Confirmed coastal range states off the Arabian Peninsula include the United Arab Emirates, the Sultanate of Oman, Yemen, Somalia, Djibouti, Saudi Arabia, Sudan and Egypt. The taxonomic position of two damaged dolphin calvariae from Oman has been the issue of much debate. This paper discusses the cranial characteristics that allow positive identification as rough-toothed dolphin (Steno bredanensis) and melon-headed whale (Peponoceplwla electro) respectively. The calvariae represent the first confirmed specimen records of these dolphin species for the Arabian Sea sensu lato.
Cetacean strandings in Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands
Authors: A. Mignucci-Giannoni Antonio , Pinto-Rodríguez Benito , Velasco-Escudero Mario , A Montoya-Ospina Ruby , M. Jiménez-Marrero Nilda , Rodriguez-Lopez Marta A. , H. Williams Ernest , K. Odell Daniel
Published: January 2023

An assessment of cetacean strandings was conducted in waters off Puerto Rico and the United States and British Virgin Islands to identify, document and analyse factors associated with reported mortality events. Nineteen species of cetaceans were reported stranded. The total number of events recorded between 1867 and 1995 was 129, comprising over 159 individuals. The bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus) was the species most commonly found stranded, followed by Cuvier's beaked whale (Ziphius cavirostris), sperm whale (Physeter macrocephalus), Atlantic spotted dolphin (Stenellafrontalis) and short-finned pilot whale (Globicephala macrorhynchus). An increase in the number of strandings is evident over the past 20 years, averaging 63.l% per year. Between 1990 and 1995, the average number of cases per year increased from 2.1 to 8.2. The seasonal pattern of strandings was not found to be uniform, with a high number of strandings occurring in the winter and spring. The monthly temporal distribution showed an overall bimodal pattern, with the highest number of cases reported for February, May and September. The spatial distribution was not even, and differed between countries, within countries, and between taxonomic groups and species. Aside from undetermined causes of mortality, the ratio of natural causes in relation to human-related causes was of 1.2:1. Between 1990 and 1995, a reduction of the percentage of undetermined cause of deaths resulted from the establishment of a cooperative effort in studying mortality in an organised and systematic manner. The most common natural cause of death category was dependent calf. The most common human-related cause categories observed were entanglement and accidental captures, followed by animals being shot or speared. Evaluation and recommendations to improve the research conducted are formulated, including guidelines for the development of a strategic plan to obtain baseline data on the biology and life history of cetaceans to be applied to their conservation and management.
Tour boats and dolphins: A note on quantifying the activities of whalewatching boats in the Shannon estuary, Ireland
Authors: Berrow Simon , Holmes Brian
Published: January 2023

Commercial whalewatching of bottlenose dolphins, Tursiops truncatus, in the Shannon estuary, Ireland first began in 1993. This note attempts to quantify the development of this industry and operational procedures of commercial tour boats. Up to four vessels are involved, which carry out annually about 200 trips in total, involving ca 2,500 passengers, mainly (78%) in July and August. Thirty-six trips were accompanied, mainly in July 1997 and 1998, to record the search pattern and location at which tour boats observed dolphins and to identify the individual dolphins watched. The time to locate dolphins, total number observed and group size on each trip varied between years and between ports. There is some evidence that dolphins were less abundant and further upriver in 1998 compared to 1997. Operators from each port tended to search for dolphins in different areas and, over the short summer sampling period, largely watched different groups of dolphins to each other. The implications for management and the development of a sustainable whalewatching industry in the Shannon estuary are discussed.
Urgensi Nilai Tasawuf pada Gerakan Hijrah di Kalangan Milenial: Konsepsi Hijrah Substantif-Sufistik
Authors: M. Khamim
Published: January 2023

Hijrah yang banyak dijumpai di berbagai kota cenderung sebatas perubahan kebiasaan hidup menjadi lebih Islami saja bahkan mengarah pada pembentukan pola pikir jumud dan intoleran. Melalui pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif studi kepustakaan, artikel ini bertujuan untuk menggambarkan konsepsi hijrah substantif yaitu hijrah secara lahir dan batin yang semestinya dan sesuai spirit hijrah yang diteladankan oleh Nabi Muhammad Saw. berdasarkan nilai inti ajaran Islam (tasawuf). Hasil penelitian didapatkan bahwa melalui hijrah sufistik, hijrah diharapkan mampu mencapai tujuan hakikinya yaitu lahirnya individu yang salih spiritual dan salih sosial. Perubahan mindset paling mendasar dalam spirit hijrah ialah memperbarui kesaksian (syahadat) dan komitmen berakhlak mulia.
PENGARUH PEDIA PEMBELAJARAN DAN MOTIVASI BELAJAR SISWA TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR MATEMATIKA SISWA KELAS IV SD SWASTA TANJUNG ANOM KECAMATAN HAMPARAN PERAK KAB. DELI SERDANG
Authors: Mahmud. s Ronal , Nazaruddin Ilham , Sriwati Sriwati
Published: January 2023

Pengaruh Media Pembelajaran Dan Motivasi Belajar Siswa Terhadap Hasil Belajar Matematika Siswa Kelas IV SD Swasta Tanjung Anom, Kecamatan Hamparan Perak, Kab. Deli Serdang Tahun Pelajaran 2020/2021. Skripsi, Sekolah Tinggi Keguruan dan Ilmu Pendidikan STKIP AMAL BAKTI. Penelitian ini bertujuan 1)Untuk mengetahui apakah ada pengaruh media pembelajaran terhadap hasil belajar Matematika siswa kelas IV sd Swasta Tanjung Anom, kecamatan hamparan perak, kab. Deli Serdang tahun pelajaran 2020/2021. 2) Untuk mengetahui apakah ada pengaruh motivasi belajar siswa terhadap hasil belajar Matematika siswa kelas IV sd Swasta Tanjung Anom, kecamatan hamparan perak, kab. Deli Serdang tahun pelajaran 2020/2021. 3) Untuk mengetahui apakah ada pengaruh media pembelajaran dan motivasi belajar siswa secara bersama-sama terhadap hasil belajar Matematika siswa kelas IV sd Swasta Tanjung Anom, kecamatan hamparan perak, kab. Deli Serdang tahun pelajaran 2020/2021. Populasi penelitian ini adalah siswa-siswi kelas IV sd Swasta Tanjung Anom, kecamatan hamparan perak, kab. Deli Serdang tahun pelajaran 2020/2021. Untuk memperoleh data yang diperlukan pada penelitian ini digunakan teknik tes dan non tes. Analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini menggunakan pengujian terhadap instrument yang terdiri dari uji validitas dan uji reliabilitas. Pengujian prasyarat sebelum menggunakan uji MANOVA yaitu dengan uji homogenitas dan normalitas, kemudian pengujian hipotesis dengan MANOVA. Sebelum angket dan tes diberikan kepada peserta didik yang menjadi sampel penelitian, terlebih dahulu dilakukan uji validitas instrument untuk mengetahui instrument tersebut valid atau tidak. Angket dan soal tes yang sudah dinyatakan layak oleh validator, selanjutnya diuji cobakan kepada peserta didik kelas V di SD Swasta Tanjung Anom, kecamatan hamparan perak, kab. Deli Serdang yang berjumlah 28 peserta didik yang telah menerima materi KPK untuk mengetahui tingkat validitas dan reabilitas angket dan soal te. Hasil Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ada pengaruh yang signifikan media dakota terhadap motivasi dan hasil belajar peserta didik kelas IV SD Swasta Tanjung Anom, kecamatan hamparan perak, kab. Deli Serdang.
Pengaruh Sikap Agresif dan Sikap Antisosial terhadap Kecanduan Game Online Studi Kasus SMA Dharma Suci Jakarta Utara
Authors: Erwin Sugiyanto
Published: January 2023

Adolescence is defined as a period of transitional development between childhood and adulthood which includes biological, cognitive, and socio-emotional changes. Adolescents have attitudes that tend to be more aggressive, emotionally unstable and unable to resist the impulse of lust. Teenagers have a great opportunity to become online game players due to online gaming activities which ultimately have an impact on the absence of socializing and communication activities with other people or social attitudes. In general, the purpose of this study was to determine the effect of aggressive and antisocial attitudes on online game addiction as a case study of SMA Dharma Suci. This study uses a quantitative approach with ex post facto methods and multiple linear regression analysis. The results of this study indicate that aggressive attitudes and antisocial attitudes have an effect on online game addiction in the case study of SMA Dharma Suci North Jakarta. The contribution of the influence of aggressive attitudes and antisocial attitudes towards online game addiction in the case study of SMA Dharma Suci North Jakarta students was 60.4%, while 39.6% was influenced by other variables not examined in this study.
PENGARUH MOTIVASI BELAJAR DAN GAYA BELAJAR TERHADAP PRESTASI BELAJAR SISWA SMP SWASTA SE-KOTA TANGERANG PADA PELAJARAN BAHASA INGGRIS
Authors: Elawati Elawati  , Muljadi  , Sutrisno
Published: January 2023

This study aims to examine 1) Is there an effect of learning motivation on learning achievement, 2) is there an effect of learning style on learning achievement, and 3) is there an effect of learning motivation and learning style on learning achievement together.
This type of research includes quantitative research with conclusions drawn through statistical analysis. The research location is in private junior high schools throughout the city of Tangerang, the population is 263 students, and the research sample is 159 students. Based on the results of the study: (1) There is a positive and very significant effect between Learning Motivation (X1) on Learning Achievement (Y) with a correlation coefficient score of ry1 = 0.773a, the influence of High Motivation (X1) will have a strong influence on Learning Achievement (Y) private junior high school students in the city of Tangerang with a determination coefficient score of r2y1 = 0.595. 2) There is a positive and very significant relationship
between Learning Style (X2) on Learning Achievement (Y) of private junior high school students in the city of Tangerang, with a correlation coefficient score of ry2 = 0.761a, on Learning Style (X2) High will provide a strong relationship on the increase in Learning Achievement (Y), with a coefficient of determination score produced by r2y2 = 0.579. 3) and there is a positive and very significant effect between motivation (X1) and learning style (X2) together on learning achievement (Y) with a correlation coefficient score of ry1.2 = 0.799a, the effect of learning motivation (X1) and Learning style (X2) together  with  strong  learning achievement (Y) will have  a  large  relationship  with  learning  achievement (Y),  with  a determination coefficient score of r2y3 = 0.639. Contribution or influence of 6.39%, the remaining 36.1% was contributed by other variables that have a relationship with increasing learning achievement (Y).
GLOSSAIRE DES MOTS TECHNIQUES FRANÇAIS-TSHILUBA UTILISE EN ARCHITECTURE-BATIMENTS ET TRAVAUX PUBLICS EN REPUBLIQUE DEMOCRATIQUE DU CONGO
Authors: LUTUMBA Delphin LUTUMBA , BUASHI Ir Maurice TSHISHIMBI , MPOSHI YEFILE , MUSEU NTUNDA Gaston
Published: January 2023

Cet article se propose d’examiner les niveaux de connaissance des mots et termes techniques en langue TSHILUBA KASAI ORIENTAL par les étudiants de l’architecture, de bâtiments et des Travaux Publics et par les personnes intellectuellement indiscriminés du milieu.

En effet cette connaissance en sa langue propre, surtout maternelle, facilitera sans doute l’usage correcte de chaque mot ou terme lors de la construction ou de réalisation des diverses œuvres d’arts.
Role of Natives in Diaspora and Africa Development. A Critical Literature Review
Authors: Kinyua Jane Njeri
Published: January 2023

Purpose:   Diaspora matters have consistently attracted attention of many global actors. Today, many international organizations, as well as continental, regional and national entities, engage with their diaspora across the globe. The overall objective of this study was to examine role of natives in diaspora and Africa development. A critical literature review

Methodology: The paper used a desk study review methodology where relevant empirical literature was reviewed to identify main themes and to extract knowledge gaps.

Findings: This study concluded that relevant Governments are crucial and instrumental in promoting meaningful contributions by the diaspora towards economic development of homeland. Therefore, the government was required to increase her involvement through various ways to encourage the participation of stakeholders as well as building an enabling environment for diaspora abroad to increase their contributions towards the economic development. It was incumbent upon the government to create a strict investor environment and level playing ground regulations as well as the rule of law for the diaspora abroad aimed at promoting their participation in the economic development of the country.

Unique Contribution to Theory, Policy and Practice: This study recommended that there was a need to establish diaspora database to include diaspora geographic distribution, mapping out of diaspora economic activities, investment flows, diaspora skills, and competencies. The database should also include annual economic trends especially regarding African diaspora contributions towards Africa economic development. The information from the database would inform definite plans for adequate engagement with diaspora as well as harness their contributions. There was need to deploy and embrace new technologies, particularly, digital technologies that facilitate increased social networks, connectivity, and timely information sharing. The new technologies would create a platform where all stakeholders in diaspora matters would interact more freely as they share their experiences and thoughts.
The Massive Influx of Global Refugees from Developing Nations; An existing Gap in the United Nations role in promoting Universal Human Rights.
Authors: Vincent Balongo Caleb , Mgaya Oscar Petro
Published: January 2023

Purpose: Refugee issues are international emergency significantly disrupting socio-economic structure of the receiving States and governments struggling to manage the impact of a nearby conflict and addressing development challenges. This study is aimed at analyzing the global predicament of refugees, assess the existing legal framework at global, regional and national scale through the existing organizations and their roles like United Nation and African Union. Since every State has a responsibility of protecting the rights of its citizens, they are forced to flee for safety in case of threats prompting the host country to step in ensuring ‘refugees’ basic rights are protected as per international protection of human rights (the 1951 Convention and 1967 protocol). Humanity’s protection is longstanding traditions and shared value in our cross-cultural traditions, beliefs and now part of international law as per the United Nations’ Declaration of Refugees and Migrants 2016 reaffirming the fundamental principle of refugee protection, at a time when the population seeking safety is burgeoning.

Methodology: This is a desk research where data was collected from the existing information.

Findings: The findings indicate that over 66 million people displaced by conflict, violence and persecution, a third this group has fled across borders as refugees, the magnitude and complexity of forced displacement is linked to prevalence, scale and longevity of today’s conflicts, and the inability of the international community to find the unity of purpose necessary to resolve them. About 80 per cent of people running away from their countries, 60 per cent of them are children in comparison to around one third of the world’s general population.

Unique Contribution to Theory, Policy and Practice: The study adopted an interlink of the ‘Contemporary Migration Theories’ which states that high fragmentation of migration is due to either micro, macro, and political causes and effects on one hand, and between micro-individual and macro-structural approaches on the other. A lot must be done to reduce the daily increasing number refugees around the world. Specifically, the study takes keen interest in discussing the plight of Rohingya people in Myanmar.
Agriculture and Poverty Reduction in Cameroon
Authors: Godom Moise
Published: January 2023

Purpose: The main objective of this study is to determine the contribution of agriculture to poverty reduction by determining the degree of extension of individual wealth in relation to the increase in agricultural added value.

Methodology: Using data from the World Bank (WDI 2020) and FOASTAT from 1980 to 2018, GDP per capita (indicator for measuring the level of development noted as GDP/H) is regressed on the added value of the agriculture in millions of dollars (AVA) and other variables such as gross national savings (GNS), added value of industries (AVI), and imports of goods and services (IGS).

Findings: The main estimation results of the multiple regression model by ordinary least squares, the overall significance of which is 5%, indicate that: i) a unit increase in agricultural value added stimulates individual wealth by 0.0594 thousand dollars; ii) a unit increase in gross national savings in turn causes an increase of 0.185 thousand dollars in GDP per capita, iii) the agricultural value added positively influences gross domestic product per capita as well as gross national savings.

Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy: Thus, for a better standard of living through the increase in GDP per capita, Cameroonian agricultural products must undergo strong transformations in order to generate added values ​​with multiplier effects on individual incomes. Thus, the population must be encouraged to further stimulate their national savings.
ASSESSMENT OF THE HEAVY METALS AND PHYSICOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF SOILS, IN DUMPSITES AND ADJACENT FARMLANDS IN KAFANCHAN TOWN, KADUNA, NIGERIA
Authors: Dogo Rita Blessing , Tanko AA , Ajibade G.A
Published: January 2023

Purpose: This study focuses on establishing the presence and concentration of heavy metals as well as investigating the physicochemical properties of dumpsite soils and adjacent farms in the vicinity of Aduwan, Katsit, Bayan-loco, Ungwa Bala and Faringida in Kafanchan town, Kaduna Nigeria, using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry.

Methodology: Surface soil was randomly sampled at the depth of (0-15 cm) from the dumpsites and adjacent farms and analyzed for physicochemical parameters and contamination by lead (Pb), chromium (Cr), Nickel (Ni) and cadmium (Cd).The sample soils were generally sandy-loamy with pH ranging from 7.30 to 7.28. The cation exchange capacity (CEC) ranged between 5.61cmol/kg and 7.80cmol kg−1. The mean concentrations of heavy metals in Aduwan dumpsite are: Ni(240.15±20.55 mg/L), Cr(45.65±1.15 mg/L), Pb(100.10±2.30 mg/L); Bayan-loco dumpsite: Ni(168.1±15.75 mg/L), Cr(41.05±6.45 mg/L), Pb(81.20±18.90 mg/L); Ugwan-bala dumpsite: Ni(175.65±3.45 mg/L), Cr(34.45±5.95 mg/L), Pb(98.95±2.30 mg/L); Farin-gida dumpsite: Ni(166.45±31.15 mg/L), Cr(58.25±28.85 mg/L), Pb(85.15±67.43 mg/L); Katsit dumpsite: Ni(125.25±6.85 mg/L), Cr(32.45±5.15 mg/L), Pb(76.80±1.42 mg/L).Cadmium was not detected at all in all sampled plots.

Findings: Analytical results showed that Lead (Pb) was the predominant ion in soils of the sampled areas.

Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy: The study observes that dumpsites were serving as major reservoirs of heavy metals. WHO identify the discussed heavy metals to be highly toxic therefore a better waste management system need to be instituted to minimize their accumulation soils.
Evaluation of Factors Influencing Rock fragmentation by Blasting using Interrelations Diagram Method
Authors: Mulenga Sunday
Published: January 2023

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to develop an interrelations diagram for the factors affecting rock fragmentation by blasting and to determine their theoretical percentage contribution to rock fragmentation by blastingMethodology: In order to develop an interrelations diagram for factors affecting rock fragmentation by blasting, first, factors that affect rock fragmentation by blasting were identified through literature review. Secondly, uncontrollable factors whose influencing factors are difficult to pin point where group into three major categories of hardness factor, joints and in-situ block size. Thirdly, the cause and effect relationship between al factors affecting rock fragmentation were identified. The factors affecting rock fragmentation by blasting were then arranged in an orderly fashion and the arrows indicating the direction of influence were drawn among them. The arrows entering and leaving each factor were counted and count value for each factor was used to calculate the theoretical percentage contribution for each factor.Findings: Based on the Interrelations Diagram method, the top four influential controllable parameters towards rock fragmentation are Burden with 12%, Blasthole diameter with 9%, Powder factor with 7% and Delay timing with 7%. The most influential uncontrollable parameter towards rock fragmentation is Hardness Factor with 4%. It was further revealed that Controllable factors are more influential toward rock fragmentation by blasting than uncontrollable factors. This can be seen from the cumulative percentage contribution of 90% for controllable factors compared to cumulative percentage contribution of 10% for uncontrollable factors.Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy: Application of the interrelation diagram gives insight on how factors affecting rock fragmentation by blasting are generally interrelated and identifies the theoretical percentage contributions of factor towards influencing rock fragmentation by blasting
Vulnerability of Communities to Climate Change Induced Disaster Risks and Potential Mental Health Outcomes in Isiolo County, Kenya
Authors: Mwenda Peninah K. , Olago Daniel , Okatcha Fredrick , Ali Ali Adan
Published: January 2023

Purpose: The study was conducted to identify and evaluate disaster risks and mental health outcomes caused by extreme climate events.
Methodology: Quantitative data was obtained from existing climate and mental health (1984-2019) records, while qualitative data was obtained from literature review of case studies and content analysis, Focus Group Discussion and household survey in four major zones for two consecutive years. ArcGIS software method explored various properties of the climate systems to infer the distribution of climate parameters, select extremes value and calculate linear trend of time series. The quantitative data was analyzed using statistical tools in Excel, IBM SPSS version 20 while climate data analysis was done using R software (version 3.21).
Results: The exceedance threshold of 𝜇 = 340 𝑚𝑚 was chosen. On the other hand, mean exceedance threshold of 𝜇 = 36.50𝐶 and 𝜇 = 11.380𝐶 for minimum and maximum temperatures respectively. The rainfall band was very high or very low, deemed to create disaster risks. The results revealed that the most common disaster risks include: drought and heatwaves, strong sand storms, flash floods and floods. The duration of time, frequency and unpredictable weather variability events were above critical threshold, hence categorized as high risk, rated 1, hence fatal.
Unique Contribution to Theory and Practice: The study provides historical empirical data on hazard mapping and mental health outcomes to enable policy and programmes formulation by state and nonstate actors. The study recommends development of robust environmental health procedures to diagnose mental disorders, mapping of disasters; mental disorder epidemiology and make it user friendly to advice policy, scale up solutions and accelerate evidence informed advocacy on adaptation and resilience mental health programme strategies
TiO2–CU Thin Film Material for Optical Hydrogen Gas Sensor Applications
Authors: Kamau Joseph Kamau
Published: January 2023

Purpose: Several scientific researches are underway to investigate the possibility of using various green energies. Hydrogen gas is a candidate of such research, since its use as a fuel in automobiles releases pure water, a recyclable biproduct. But, the leakages of the gas are detrimental to its application due to its low auto ignition energy of 20 μj, wider air flame limit of 4-75 % and high flame velocity of 3.46 ms-1. This study involved fabrication of an optical gas sensor for sensing the leakage levels of hydrogen gas to a surrounding.

Methodology: Titanium dioxide thin films of thicknesses 47.7, 56.2, 82.3, 100.4 and 120.5 nm were deposited on both microscope and FTO glass slides using DC magnetron sputtering technique and characterized as primate and annealed at 400 and 500oC. Copper (Cu) catalytic layers of 5.6, 10.2, 17.3 and 21.0 nm were deposited using EDWARDS AUTO 306 Magnetron sputtering system on an optimized 100.4 nm TiO2 sample, annealed at 400oC. Optical properties were deduced from transmittance and absorbance spectra measured using 1800 Shimadzu spectrophotometer in the optimum range of 280-800 nm through simulation. The optical behavior of the films was generated using SCOUT software and analyzed using ORIGIN 9.1 64-bit software.

Results: The energy band gap decreased with material thickness from 4.2±0.05 eV for 47.7 nm film to 3.9±0.05 eV for 100.4 nm films. 120.5 nm films showed higher energy gap of 4.0±0.05 eV. Transmittance decreased with increase in thickness probably due to agglomeration of film particles. The energy gap of the 100.4 nm, TiO2 thin films annealed at 400oC was 3.9±0.05 eV. This is a material quality of the anatase phase. The copper surface layer increased absorption in the higher wavelength region. The energy band gaps were reduced from 3.9 to 3.8±0.05 eV with increased coverage. Self-limiting at 17.3 nm copper overlayer realized increased energy gap to 4.1±0.05 eV. A lower energy band gap range of 3.9-3.8±0.05 eV was realized when FTO substrates were used. The transmittance decreased with increased H2 gas concentration. The optical energy gap reduced from 4.1±0.05 eV in 0 ccm to 3.9±0.05 eV in 50 ccm of hydrogen gas concentration. The sensitivity increased from 0.3 % in 0ccm to 3.9 % in 50 ccm hydrogen gas concentration. An average sensitivity of 2.0 % was realized for films fabricated on FTO substrate. This is higher than 1.7 % reported earlier. The material gas sensing potential was done at room temperature. The fabricated sensor material showed higher sensitivity and lower temperature operation and is furthermore, expected to be cheaper and safer

Unique Contribution to Theory, Policy and Practices: Though, in order to realize a more portable stand-alone gas sensor, an investigation on an ideal photon type source that incorporates the material is recommended. Further, extension of this study on structure and morphology of the film is essential to understand its sensing behavior.