bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Composition‐Controllable Syntheses and Property Modulations from 2D Ferromagnetic Fe5Se8 to Metallic Fe3Se4 Nanosheets
Authors: Huan Yahuan , Luo Tiantian , Han Xiaocang , Ge Jun , Cui Fangfang , Zhu Lijie , Hu Jingyi , Zheng Feipeng , Zhao Xiaoxu , Wang Lili , Wang Jian , Zhang Yanfeng
Published: October 2022

Exploring new‐type 2D magnetic materials with high magnetic transition temperature and robust air stability has attracted wide attention for developing innovative spintronic devices. Recently, intercalation of native metal atoms into the van der Waals gaps of 2D layered transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) has been developed to form 2D non‐layered magnetic TMDs, while only succeeded in limited systems (e.g., Cr2S3, Cr5Te8). Herein, composition‐controllable syntheses of 2D non‐layered iron selenide nanosheets (25% Fe‐intercalated triclinic Fe5Se8 and 50% Fe‐intercalated monoclinic Fe3Se4) are firstly reported, via a robust chemical vapor deposition strategy. Specifically, the 2D Fe5Se8 exhibits intrinsic room‐temperature ferromagnetic property, which is explained by the change of electron spin states from layered 1T'‐FeSe2 to non‐layered Fe‐intercalated Fe5Se8 based on density functional theory calculations. In contrast, the ultrathin Fe3Se4 presents novel metallic features comparable with that of metallic TMDs. This work hereby sheds light on the composition‐controllable synthesis and fundamental property exploration of 2D self‐intercalation induced novel TMDs compounds, by propelling their application explorations in nanoelectronics and spintronics‐related fields.
The Transient Receptor Potential Vanilloid 2 (TRPV2) Channel Facilitates Virus Infection Through the Ca2+‐LRMDA Axis in Myeloid Cells
Authors: Guo Yu‐Yao , Gao Yue , Hu Yu‐Ru , Zhao Yuhan , Jiang Dexiang , Wang Yulin , Zhang Youjing , Gan Hu , Xie Chang , Liu Zheng , Zhong Bo , Zhang Zhi‐Dong , Yao Jing
Published: October 2022

The transient receptor potential vanilloid 2 (TRPV2) channel is a nonselective cation channel that has been implicated in multiple sensory processes in the nervous system. Here, it is shown that TRPV2 in myeloid cells facilitates virus penetration by promoting the tension and mobility of cell membrane through the Ca2+‐LRMDA axis. Knockout of TRPV2 in myeloid cells or inhibition of TRPV2 channel activity suppresses viral infection and protects mice from herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV‐1) and vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) infection. Reconstitution of TRPV2 but not the Ca2+‐impermeable mutant TRPV2E572Q into LyZ2‐Cre;Trpv2fl/fl bone marrow‐derived dendritic cells (BMDCs) restores viral infection. Mechanistically, knockout of TRPV2 in myeloid cells inhibits the tension and mobility of cell membrane and the penetration of viruses, which is restored by reconstitution of TRPV2 but not TRPV2E572Q. In addition, knockout of TRPV2 leads to downregulation of Lrmda in BMDCs and BMDMs, and knockdown of Lrmda significantly downregulates the mobility and tension of cell membrane and inhibits viral infections in Trpv2fl/fl but not LyZ2‐Cre;Trpv2fl/fl BMDCs. Consistently, complement of LRMDA into LyZ2‐Cre;Trpv2fl/fl BMDCs partially restores the tension and mobility of cell membrane and promotes viral penetration and infection. These findings characterize a previously unknown function of myeloid TRPV2 in facilitating viral infection though the Ca2+‐LRMDA axis.
Ein Verbundmittel zur richtungsunabhängigen Schubkraftübertragung in HBV‐Decken
Authors: Sorg Christian , Kurz Wolfgang , d'Escurac Arnaud Pavis
Published: October 2022

Holz‐Beton‐Verbunddecken (HBV‐Decken) werden in aktueller Baupraxis als einachsig spannende Tragsysteme, bei denen Kerven oder andere Verbinder zur Schubkraftübertragung eingesetzt werden, geplant und realisiert. Um die Vorteile des Holz‐Beton‐Verbundbaus mit den Vorteilen einer zweiachsig spannenden Flachdecke in Stahlbetonbauweise zu kombinieren, wird an der TU Kaiserslautern (TUK) zusammen mit dem Ingenieurbüro Werner Sobek Frankfurt GmbH & Co. KG (WS Frankfurt) im Rahmen eines gemeinsamen Forschungsprojekts eine flächige HBV‐Plattendecke mit biaxialer Tragwirkung entwickelt. Die Entwicklung eines Verbundmittels zur richtungsunabhängigen Schubkraftübertragung stellt dabei einen wichtigen Teilaspekt dar. Im Rahmen dieses Aufsatzes werden die Ergebnisse numerischer und experimenteller Untersuchungen des Verbundmittels (zylindrische Betonnocke) dargestellt und diskutiert. Hierbei stehen besonders die Steifigkeit und Tragfähigkeit im Vordergrund.
Fluidic integrated 3D bioprinting system to sustain cell viability towards larynx fabrication
Authors: Park Hae Sang , Lee Ji Seung , Kim Chang‐Beom , Lee Kwang‐Ho , Hong In‐Sun , Jung Harry , Lee Hanna , Lee Young Jin , Ajiteru Olatunji , Sultan Md Tipu , Lee Ok Joo , Kim Soon Hee , Park Chan Hum
Published: October 2022

Herein, we report the first study to create a three‐dimensional (3D) bioprinted artificial larynx for whole‐laryngeal replacement. Our 3D bio‐printed larynx was generated using extrusion‐based 3D bioprinter with rabbit's chondrocyte‐laden gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA)/glycidyl‐methacrylated hyaluronic acid (GMHA) hybrid bioink. We used a polycaprolactone (PCL) outer framework incorporated with pores to achieve the structural strength of printed constructs, as well as to provide a suitable microenvironment to support printed cells. Notably, we established a novel fluidics supply (FS) system that simultaneously supplies basal medium together with a 3D bioprinting process, thereby improving cell survival during the printing process. Our results showed that the FS system enhanced post‐printing cell viability, which enabled the generation of a large‐scale cell‐laden artificial laryngeal framework. Additionally, the incorporation of the PCL outer framework with pores and inner hydrogel provides structural stability and sufficient nutrient/oxygen transport. An animal study confirmed that the transplanted 3D bio‐larynx successfully maintained the airway. With further development, our new strategy holds great potential for fabricating human‐scale larynxes with in vivo‐like biological functions for laryngectomy patients.
The impact of sarcopenia on survival and treatment tolerance in patients with head and neck cancer treated with chemoradiotherapy
Authors: Bentahila Rita , Giraud Philippe , Decazes Pierre , Kreps Sarah , Nay Paula , Chatain Augustin , Fabiano Emmanuelle , Durdux Catherine
Published: October 2022

Background

Sarcopenia appears to be a negative prognostic factor for poor survival outcomes and worse treatment tolerance in patients with head‐and‐neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). We evaluated sarcopenia's impact on overall survival (OS), disease‐free survival (DFS) and chemo‐radiation tolerance in patients with head‐and‐neck cancer (HNC) treated with chemoradiotherapy (CRT) from a monocentric observational study.

Methods

We identified patients with HNC treated by CRT between 2009 and 2018 with pretreatment imaging using positron emission tomography–computed tomography scans (PET/CT). Sarcopenia was measured using the pretreatment PET/CT at the L3 vertebral body using previously published methods. Clinical variables were retrospectively retrieved.

Results

Of 216 patients identified, 54 patients (25.47%) met the criteria for sarcopenia. These patients had a lower mean body mass index before treatment (21.92 vs. 25.65 cm/m2, p < 0.001) and were more likely to have a history of smoking (88.89% vs. 71.52%, p = 0.01), alcohol use (55.56% vs. 38.61%, p = 0.03) and positive human papilloma virus status (67.74% vs. 41.75%, p = 0.011). At 3 years of follow‐up, OS and DFS were 75% and 70% versus 82% and 85% for sarcopenic and non‐sarcopenic patients, respectively (p = 0.1 and p = 0.00015). On multivariate analysis, sarcopenia appeared as a pejorative factor on DFS (hazard ratio 2.174, p = 0.0001) in the overall cohort. Sarcopenic patients did not require more chemotherapy and radiation‐treatment interruptions and did not suffer from more chemo‐induced and radiation‐induced grade 3–4 toxicities than their non‐sarcopenic counterparts.

Conclusion

Sarcopenia in HNSCC patients is an independent adverse prognostic factor for DFS after definitive chemoradiotherapy.
Real‐world outcomes among patients with advanced or metastatic biliary tract cancers initiating second‐line treatment
Authors: Cosgrove David P. , Reese Emily S. , Fulcher Nicole M. , Bobiak Sarah S. , Lamy Francois‐Xavier , Allignol Arthur , Boyd Marley , Mahmoudpour Seyed H.
Published: October 2022

Background

Limited data are available regarding second‐line (2 L) treatment for advanced or metastatic biliary tract cancers (BTC) in the US real‐world setting. This study explores the rapidly evolving and growing treatment landscape in the 2 L setting for advanced or metastatic BTC with a large cohort of patients treated in a community oncology setting.

Methods

Adult patients with BTC initiating 2 L treatment after a platinum‐containing first‐line between 1/1/10‐ and 6/30/19 were identified from the US Oncology Network electronic healthcare record database and followed through 12/31/19. Baseline patient and treatment characteristics were analyzed descriptively, including overall response rate (ORR) in the real‐world clinical setting. Kaplan–Meier methods were used to measure duration of response, progression‐free survival (PFS), and overall survival (OS).

Results

The overall population (N = 160) included 74 patients (46.3%) with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma, 41 (25.6%) with extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma, and 45 (28.1%) with gallbladder cancer. Thirty unique 2 L regimens were recorded for the study population, with folinic acid, fluorouracil and oxaliplatin (FOLFOX, 34.4%) and capecitabine monotherapy (20.0%) being the most common. ORR was 7.5% (95% CI, 3.9%–12.7%). From 2 L initiation, median PFS was 2.8 months (95% CI, 2.4–3.3 months), and median OS was 5.2 months (95% CI, 4.2–6.7 months).

Conclusion

Results from this study provide real‐world evidence that although patients treated in the community oncology setting receive a wide variety of 2 L treatments, the regimens are consistent with those recommended by guidelines. Although responses are observed with 2 L treatment, duration is brief and associated with poor OS in patients with advanced or metastatic disease.
Perceived deception and online repurchase intention: The moderating effect of product type and consumer regulatory orientation
Authors: Wang Xinyue , Ashraf Abdul R. , Thongpapanl Narongsak , Wang Kai‐Yu
Published: October 2022

Limited by e‐tailers' ability to present accurate information about their products, consumers often misunderstand and misinterpret product messaging, which can heighten their perception of deception among e‐tailers and result in unfavorable consumer behaviors and actions. Integrating perceived deception and existing consumer behavior theories, this research examines the intricate relationships between product type (hedonic vs. utilitarian), consumer regulatory orientation (promotion vs. prevention), and their interactive effect on the relationship between perceived deception and consumer repurchase intention in online settings. Across three studies, we identified a less negative impact due to perceived deception for online repurchase intention of hedonic products than for utilitarian products. After perceived deception occurs, promotion‐oriented individuals show a higher online repurchase intention compared to prevention‐oriented individuals. Furthermore, the fit between promotion orientation and hedonic products works best to attenuate perceived deception's unfavorable impact on online repurchase intention. In contrast, the fit between prevention orientation and utilitarian products leads to the lowest online repurchase intentions. Also, e‐tailers can increase repurchase intentions by emphasizing the hedonic attribute, and instigating promotion intention would help mitigate the negative effects of perceived deception.
A case of congenital afibrinogenemia with multiple thrombotic and hemorrhagic disorders
Authors: Wei Lijian , Tang Yuting , Wu Zhuohua , Xu Pingyi , Mo Mingshu
Published: October 2022

This is a case of congenital afibrinogenemia with multiple thrombotic and hemorrhagic events. His fibrinogen concentration was negatively correlated with thrombin time and prothrombin time and abnormally negatively correlated with plasma D‐dimer levels. The individualized standard for fibrinogen concentration may help to balance thrombotic and hemorrhagic events for this disease.
Put the Blue Genes on
Authors: Hübner Karl
Published: October 2022

Wie steht es eigentlich um die „blaue Rose“, die es in der Natur nicht gibt und die sicher so etwas wie die Königin der blauen Blumen wäre? Seit Jahrzehnten wird daran geforscht, doch bislang ohne durchschlagenden Erfolg – Spurensuche und Überblick.
Challenges in the Development of Intravenous Neurokinin‐1 Receptor Antagonists: Results of a Safety and Pharmacokinetics Dose‐Finding, Phase 1 Study of Intravenous Fosnetupitant
Authors: Tyler Timothy , Schultz Armin , Venturini Alessio , Giuliano Claudio , Bernareggi Alberto , Spezia Riccardo , Voisin Daniel , Stella Valentino
Published: October 2022

Oral NEPA is the fixed‐combination antiemetic comprising netupitant (neurokinin‐1 receptor antagonist [NK1RA]) and palonosetron (5‐hydroxytryptamine‐3 receptor antagonist [5‐HT3 RA]). Intravenous (IV) NEPA, containing fosnetupitant, a water‐soluble N‐phosphoryloxymethyl prodrug of netupitant, has been developed. Fosnetupitant does not require excipients or solubility enhancers often used to increase IV NK1RA water solubility, preventing the occurrence of hypersensitivity and infusion‐site reactions associated with these products. In this phase 1 study, subjects received a 30‐minute placebo or fosnetupitant (17.6–353 mg) infusion and an oral NEPA or placebo capsule, with 2‐sequence crossover treatment for fosnetupitant 118‐ to 353‐mg dose cohorts. IV fosnetupitant safety and pharmacokinetics were evaluated, and its equivalence to an oral netupitant 300‐mg dose was defined. Overall, 158 healthy volunteers were enrolled. All adverse events (AEs) were mild or moderate in intensity. Doppler‐identified infusion‐site asymptomatic thrombosis occurred in 5.4% (fosnetupitant) and 1.2% (oral NEPA) of subjects. The frequency or number of treatment‐related AEs did not increase with ascending fosnetupitant doses. The most common treatment‐related AEs were headache (fosnetupitant, 8.1%; oral NEPA, 12.7%) and constipation (fosnetupitant, 1.4%; oral NEPA, 7.5%). A fosnetupitant 235‐mg dose was equivalent, in terms of netupitant exposure, to 300‐mg oral netupitant. The safety profile of a single fosnetupitant 235‐mg infusion was similar to that of single‐dose oral NEPA.
Lactobacillus paracaseiN1115 attenuates obesity in high‐fat diet‐induced obese mice
Authors: Sun Yanan , Chen Shanbin , Ren Fazheng , Li Yixuan
Published: October 2022

Disruption of the microbial structure of intestinal bacteria due to a high‐fat diet (HFD) is closely associated with metabolic disorders, such as obesity and type 2 diabetes. Probiotics are known to modulate the gut microbiota; therefore, we demonstrated the capability of Lactobacillus paracasei N1115 (LC‐N1115) to attenuate obesity. Four‐week‐old male C57BL/6J mice were fed a HFD for 12 weeks to induce obesity and were then randomized to supplemented placebo or LC‐N1115 treatment group for another 12 weeks. LC‐N1115 treatment reduced weight gain and liver fat accumulation as well as triglyceride, total cholesterol, and low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol levels. The administration of LC‐N1115 suppressed the expression of fatty acid synthase, interleukin‐1 β, and toll‐like receptor 4. Notably, the operational taxonomic units that negatively and positively correlated with the obesity phenotypes were enriched and reduced, respectively, in the LC‐N1115 treatment group. These results indicate that LC‐N1115 attenuates obesity by modulating the gut microbiota and the expression of lipid synthesis and proinflammatory cytokine genes.
Hydraulic fracture to enhance coalbed methane recovery by using coated ceramsite
Authors: Zou Mingjun , Yao Linlin , Zhang Miao , Huang Zhiquan , Xu Rongchao , Ding Zibin , Zhang Xingsheng
Published: October 2022

In recent decades, coated ceramsite has become popular due to its low density, high compressive strength, and high flow conductivity, and it has been applied in many areas in construction field and chemical industry. In the area of hydraulic fracture, limited relevant literature can be found, especially on unconventional reservoirs with soft coals. In this paper, numerical simulation is performed to obtain migration regularity and granularity proportion using coated ceramsite, and it indicates that the biggest proppant concentration and strongest flow conductivity can be achieved under the granularity proportion of 1:6:2 with respective coated ceramsites of 40/60, 16/40, and 12/20 mesh. Then, a series of construction parameters are calculated and optimized to receive a best fracture performance by using mathematical methods, including total proppant volume, each proppant volume, fluid injection rate, fluid injection volume, and proppant concentration, etc. Results from micro seismic monitoring indicate that the actual fracture performance matches well with the simulated performance by using coated ceramsite and has an obviously longer fracture length and a bigger proppant concentration compared with performances by using quartz sand. Meanwhile, comparisons for gas productions fractured by coated ceramsite and quartz sand reveal that coated ceramsite can achieve a better drainage performance. All of the above can be a guide for hydraulic fracture and useful for enhancing coalbed methane recovery. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
SARS‐CoV‐2 infection in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia: The Italian Hematology Alliance on COVID‐19 cohort
Authors: Merli Michele , Ferrarini Isacco , Merli Francesco , Busca Alessandro , Mina Roberto , Falini Brunangelo , Bruna Riccardo , Cairoli Roberto , Marchetti Monia , Romano Alessandra , Cavo Michele , Arcaini Luca , Trentin Livio , Cattaneo Chiara , Derenzini Enrico , Fracchiolla Nicola Stefano , Marchesi Francesco , Scattolin Annamaria , Billio Atto , Bocchia Monica , Massaia Massimo , Gambacorti‐Passerini Carlo , Mauro Francesca Romana , Gentile Massimo , Mohamed Sara , Della Porta Matteo Giovanni , Coviello Elisa , Cilloni Daniela , Visani Giuseppe , Federici Augusto Bramante , Tisi Maria Chiara , Cudillo Laura , Galimberti Sara , Gherlinzoni Filippo , Pagano Livio , Guidetti Anna , Bertù Lorenza , Corradini Paolo , Passamonti Francesco , Visco Carlo
Published: October 2022

COVID‐19, the disease caused by SARS‐CoV‐2, is still afflicting thousands of people across the globe. Few studies on COVID‐19 in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) are available. Here, we analyzed data from the CLL cohort of the Italian Hematology Alliance on COVID‐19 (NCT04352556), which included 256 CLL patients enrolled between 25 February 2020 and 1 February 2021. Median age was 70 years (range 38–94) with male preponderance (60.1%). Approximately half of patients (n = 127) had received at least one line of therapy for CLL, including 108 (83.7%) who were on active treatment at the time of COVID‐19 or received their last therapy within 12 months. Most patients (230/256, 89.9%) were symptomatic at COVID‐19 diagnosis and the majority required hospitalization (n = 176). Overall, after a median follow‐up of 42 days (IQR 24–96), case fatality rate was 30.1%, and it was 37.5% and 24.4% in the first (25 February 2020–22 June 2020) and second wave (23 June 2020–1 February 2021), respectively (p = 0.03). At multivariate analysis, male sex (HR 1.82, 95% CI 1.03–3.24, p = 0.04), age over than 70 years (HR 2.23, 95% CI 1.23–4.05, p = 0.01), any treatment for CLL given in the last 12 months (HR 1.72, 95% CI 1.04–2.84, p = 0.04) and COVID‐19 severity (severe: HR 5.66, 95% CI 2.62–12.33, p < 0.0001; critical: HR 15.99, 95% CI 6.93–36.90, p < 0.0001) were independently associated with poor survival. In summary, we report a dismal COVID‐related outcome in a significant fraction of CLL patients, that can be nicely predicted by clinical parameters.
Should attention be paid to the cone depth in the fully visible transformation zone? Retrospective analysis of 517 patients with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 3
Authors: Giannella Luca , Delli Carpini Giovanni , Di Giuseppe Jacopo , Gardella Barbara , Bogani Giorgio , Monti Ermelinda , Liverani Carlo Antonio , Roncella Elena , Raspagliesi Francesco , Spinillo Arsenio , Vercellini Paolo , Ciavattini Andrea
Published: October 2022

Objective

The predictors of positive endocervical margin (EM) and a cone‐depth cutoff value are not established in the fully visible transformation zone (TZ). The present study aimed to assess the independent variables associated with positive EM in women with high‐grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) and fully visible TZ.

Methods

The current investigation was a retrospective study including women with fully visible TZ and CIN 3 cone histology between 2014 and 2019. The sample was divided into women with positive versus those with negative EM. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed. Finally, receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was also used.

Results

A total of 123 of 517 women (23.8%) showed positive EM at conization. Multivariate analysis found a positive association with type 2 TZ (odds ratio [OR], 2.17 [95% confidence interval (CI), 1.19–3.94]) and lesion extension ≥2 cervical quadrants (OR, 35.57 [95% CI, 17.96–70.45]). Cone depth was inversely related to positive EM (OR, 0.71 [95% CI, 0.63–0.80]). In women with type 2 TZ and lesion extension ≥2 cervical quadrants, the cutoff value was achieved at 8‐mm cone depth (area under the curve, 0.79 [95% CI, 0.67–0.90]).

Conclusion

In women with high‐grade CIN and fully visible TZ undergoing conization, the lesion extension and the TZ subtype (1 or 2) should be considered. A no less than 9‐mm cone depth provided a fair predictive value in achieving free EM.
Impact of pharmacist‐led chronic disease management in a Federally Qualified Health Center
Authors: McCarthy Caitlin , Thomas Bateman M.
Published: October 2022

Introduction

There is growing interest in pharmacist‐led chronic disease management (CDM) for underserved populations such as those treated within Federally Qualified Health Centers (FQHCs).

Objectives

To assess the impact of adding a pharmacist to the healthcare team within an FQHC for CDM.

Methods

This is a non‐randomized, 6‐month prospective pilot study whereby any member of the healthcare team could refer a patient to receive CDM from a pharmacist. The primary outcome is change in disease control as measured by primary clinical endpoint. Primary clinical endpoints for the most common disease states include glycated hemoglobin (A1C) for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), systolic blood pressure (SBP) for hypertension, Generalized Anxiety Disorder‐7 (GAD‐7) score for anxiety, and Patient Health Questionnaire‐9 (PHQ‐9) score for depression. Primary clinical endpoints are compared using a paired t test for the modified intention‐to‐treat population. Secondary outcomes include change in self‐reported health and healthcare utilization and difference in satisfaction with care between the primary care provider (PCP) and pharmacist.

Results

Three hundred patients were enrolled of whom 199 were included. Most patients were referred by their PCP. Statistically significant differences in the mean primary endpoint were observed for all disease states with at least 20 participants, including T2DM (n = 96, change in A1C ‐2.1%, P < 0.001), hypertension (n = 32, change in SBP ‐29.7 mmHg, P < 0.001), anxiety (n = 25, change in GAD‐7 score − 7, P < 0.001), and depression (n = 22, change in PHQ‐9 score −11.1, P < 0.0001). While statistically significant changes in self‐reported healthcare and healthcare utilization were not observed, patients were more satisfied with care.

Conclusion

When provided with prescriptive authority and working within an interdisciplinary primary care team, pharmacists were able to impact clinical and humanistic outcomes in the FQHC, leading to improved CDM for a variety of illnesses. More studies should be conducted to validate these results in other settings.
Neurological symptoms and neuronal damage markers in acute COVID‐19: Is there a correlation? A pilot study
Authors: Sahin Burc E. , Celikbilek Asuman , Kocak Yusuf , Ilanbey Bilal , Saltoglu Gamze T. , Konar Naime M. , Hizmali Lokman
Published: October 2022

A wide spectrum of neurological symptoms (NS) has been described in patients with COVID‐19. We examined the plasma levels of neuron‐specific enolase (NSE) and neurofilament light chain (NFL) together, as neuronal damage markers, and their relationships with clinical severity in patients with NS at acute COVID‐19. A total of 20 healthy controls and 59 patients with confirmed COVID‐19 were enrolled in this pilot prospective study. Serum NSE and NFL levels were measured by using the enzyme‐linked immunoassay method from serum samples. Serum NSE levels were found to be significantly higher in the severe group than in the nonsevere group (p = 0.034). However, serum NFL levels were similar between the control and disease groups (p > 0.05). For the mild group, serum NFL levels were significantly higher in patients with the sampling time ≥5 days than in those with the sampling time <5 days (p = 0.019). However, no significant results for NSE and NFL were obtained in patients with either single or multiple NS across the groups (p > 0.05). Increased serum NSE levels were associated with disease severity regardless of accompanied NS in patients with acute COVID‐19 infection. However, serum NFL levels may have a role at the subacute phase of COVID‐19.
Learning deep representations of enzyme thermal adaptation
Authors: Li Gang , Buric Filip , Zrimec Jan , Viknander Sandra , Nielsen Jens , Zelezniak Aleksej , Engqvist Martin K. M.
Published: October 2022

Temperature is a fundamental environmental factor that shapes the evolution of organisms. Learning thermal determinants of protein sequences in evolution thus has profound significance for basic biology, drug discovery, and protein engineering. Here, we use a data set of over 3 million BRENDA enzymes labeled with optimal growth temperatures (OGTs) of their source organisms to train a deep neural network model (DeepET). The protein‐temperature representations learned by DeepET provide a temperature‐related statistical summary of protein sequences and capture structural properties that affect thermal stability. For prediction of enzyme optimal catalytic temperatures and protein melting temperatures via a transfer learning approach, our DeepET model outperforms classical regression models trained on rationally designed features and other deep‐learning‐based representations. DeepET thus holds promise for understanding enzyme thermal adaptation and guiding the engineering of thermostable enzymes.
Efficient excited‐state intramolecular proton transfer in acridone derivatives—A case study of Paratrimerin C
Authors: Nguyen Thi Le Anh , Truong Dinh Hieu , Ngo Thi Chinh , Dao Duy Quang
Published: October 2022

Paratrimerin C is a natural acridone antioxidant that is also potent as an anti‐UV agent. The photophysical process of Paratrimerin C, including the absorption and emission and the excited state intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT) mechanism, is studied herein with time‐dependent density functional theory. The solvent effect on ESIPT is studied for polar (water) and non‐polar (benzene) solvents employing the Integral Equation Formalism Polarization Continuum Model and adding up to three explicit molecules of solvent. The normal and tautomer forms of the Paratrimerin C at the ground‐ and excited‐state structures are studied at the M06‐2X/6‐311++G(d,p) level of theory. The potential energy curves along the reaction coordinates indicate that the ESIPT is a barrier‐less reaction, and the variation of OdOa distance in the excited state shows significant molecular structure deformation along the proton transfer process following the normal‐to‐tautomerism pathway. The obtained results suggest using of acridone derivatives as efficient and tunable fluorescence molecules besides their biological activities.
Do trait‐level emotion regulation strategies moderate associations between retrospective reports of childhood trauma and prospective changes in systemic inflammation?
Authors: Jones Emily J. , Marsland Anna L. , Gianaros Peter J.
Published: October 2022

Childhood trauma may confer risk for poorer adult health through changes in systemic inflammation. Emotion regulation may plausibly moderate associations between childhood trauma and adult psychological well‐being, but it remains unclear whether moderation effects extend to differences in systemic inflammation. To examine whether childhood trauma and emotion regulation separately and interactively predict prospective changes in C‐reactive protein (CRP) and interleukin‐6 (IL‐6) and whether biopsychosocial factors account for observed associations. Healthy midlife adults (N = 331) retrospectively reported on childhood trauma, current trait‐level cognitive reappraisal and expressive suppression, and had their blood drawn. At baseline and then a median of 2.85 years later, 279 of the 331 participants had their blood drawn, body mass index calculated, and reported on health behaviours (smoking, sleep), psychological distress (perceived stress, depressive symptoms), and years of education. Childhood trauma predicted prospective increases in CRP (B = 0.004, p = 0.049), which were partially accounted for by differences in adiposity, psychological distress, and health behaviours. In contrast, cognitive reappraisal predicted prospective decreases in IL‐6 (B = −0.007, p = 0.006), which were independent of biopsychosocial influences. Cognitive reappraisal further moderated the association between childhood trauma and prospective changes in IL‐6 (B = −0.001, p = 0.012) such that childhood trauma predicted greater IL‐6 increases but only among adults lower in cognitive reappraisal (B = 0.006, p = 0.007). There were no main or moderation effects of expressive suppression (ps > 0.05). Cognitive reappraisal may attenuate IL‐6 changes over time and may moderate the prospective association between childhood trauma and systemic inflammation in midlife.
V‐model with fuzzy quality function deployments for mobile application development
Authors: Lim Chong Hon , Chin Jeng Feng
Published: October 2022

Mobile application (app) development is a subset of software development distinguished by a short development life cycle, rapidly changing business requirements, mobile device technical specifications, and operating system compatibility. The study presents a V‐model mobile app development technique that combines two fuzzy quality function deployment (FQFD) phases. In mobile app development, user requirements are often misunderstood, resulting in poor mobile app design. The research motivation for employing FQFD is to obtain more accurate deductions of human (user or design team) inputs affected by intrinsic vagueness and ambiguity in linguistics. The combination hence delivers synergistic benefits, where FQFDs more effectively solicits and breaks down the voice of the customer (VOC) and system requirements, and the V‐model aligns the development to the broken‐down requirements. The development of an online statistical process control app was demonstrated. FQFD structurally related user requirements, system requirements, and design strategies in the V‐model's verification phases. The validation phases used test plans created during the verification phases to detect and correct programming errors. In the final validation stage, the focus group agreed that the mobile app met all of the user requirements. This study adds to the methodology's novelty by proposing and demonstrating the integration of the FQFD and V‐model into the development of mobile apps. As a result of the limitation, other areas of software engineering, such as time and resource coordination and release management, are not considered.
How Innovative Mobility Can Drive Sustainable Development: Conceptual Foundations and Use Cases Using the Example of the iCity Ecosystem for Innovation
Authors: Popovic Tobias , Bäumer Thomas , Gökdemir Ezgi , Silberer Jan
Published: October 2022

Economy and society today face a multitude of complex challenges (“grand challenges”) like climate change, demographic change, urbanization, or digitalization, which create a constant demand for new technologies, services, business models, and consequently innovative solutions. In this light, the mobility sector has undergone a great change over the past few years, which is formed by digital technologies on a large scale. Against this background, this article will demonstrate, based on the example of the iCity research project, to what extent the research design of transdisciplinary living labs can serve as a basis for the development of innovative and sustainable mobility solutions. At the same time, the influence of digitalization which plays a major role in developing real implementable solutions for such challenges will be examined.
Case Study of a Hydrogen-Based District Heating in a Rural Area: Modeling and Evaluation of Prediction and Optimization Methodologies
Authors: Lust Daniel , Brennenstuhl Marcus , Otto Robert , Erhart Tobias , Schneider Dietrich , Pietruschka Dirk
Published: October 2022

Buildings are accountable for about one third of the greenhouse gas emissions in Germany. An important step toward the reduction of greenhouse gases is to decarbonize the power productions and heating systems. However, in an energy system with a high share of renewable energy sources, large shares of energy have to be stored in summer for the winter season. Chemical energy storages, in this case hydrogen, can provide these qualities and offer diverse opportunities for coupling different sectors.

In this work, a simulation model is introduced which combines a PEM electrolyzer, a hydrogen compression, a high-pressure storage, and a PEM fuel cell for power and heat production. Applied on a building cluster in a rural area with existing PV modules, this system is optimized for operation as a district heating system based on measured and forecasted data. Evolutionary algorithms were used to determine the optimized system parameters.

The investigated system achieves an overall heat demand coverage of 63%. However, the local hydrogen production is not sufficient to meet the fuel cell demand. Several refills of the storage tanks with delivered hydrogen would be necessary within the year studied.
Parking and Charging: New Concepts for the Use of Intelligent Charging Infrastructure in Car Parks
Authors: Herrlich Esther , Schaich Elisabeth , Wagner Stephanie , Uckelmann Dieter
Published: October 2022

A reliable charging infrastructure for electric vehicles used in individual transport including availability and accessibility is necessary because it contributes highly to the decision of purchasing a BEV (battery electric vehicle). In Germany, charging is mainly done at home; however, parking spots in car parks have the potential to densify charging infrastructure in semi-public spaces. Intelligent car parks represent further developments which add a variety of technologies, energy management tools and value-added services to parking in general. The article addresses the question of technical maturity of charging infrastructures used in intelligent car parks and their marketability. Examples are charging methods such as conductive and inductive charging or various payment options. Pilot projects are described, and possible concepts of charging in intelligent car parks are explained, thereby addressing a growing interest in the subject.
ARaaS: Context-Aware Optimal Charging Distribution Using Deep Reinforcement Learning
Authors: Sharif Muddsair , Heendeniya Charitha Buddhika , Lückemeyer Gero
Published: October 2022

Electromobility has profound economic and ecological impacts on human society. Much of the mobility sector’s transformation is catalyzed by digitalization, enabling many stakeholders, such as vehicle users and infrastructure owners, to interact with each other in real time. This article presents a new concept based on deep reinforcement learning to optimize agent interactions and decision-making in a smart mobility ecosystem. The algorithm performs context-aware, constrained optimization that fulfills on-demand requests from each agent. The algorithm can learn from the surrounding environment until the agent interactions reach an optimal equilibrium point in a given context. The methodology implements an automatic template-based approach via a continuous integration and delivery (CI/CD) framework using a GitLab runner and transfers highly computationally intensive tasks over a high-performance computing cluster automatically without manual intervention.
A Multi-camera Mobile System for Tunnel Inspection
Authors: Alidoost Fatemeh , Austen Gerrit , Hahn Michael
Published: October 2022

The safety, proper maintenance, and renovation of tunnel structures have become a critical problem for urban management in view of the aging of tunnels. Tunnel inspection and inventory are regulated by construction laws and must be carried out at regular intervals. Advances in digitalization and machine vision technologies enable the development of an automated and BIM-based system to collect data from tunnel surfaces. In this study, a tunnel inspection system using vision-based systems and the related principles are introduced to measure the tunnel surfaces efficiently. In addition, the main components and requirements for subsystems are presented, and different challenges in data acquisition and point cloud generation are explained based on investigations during initial experiments.
Augmented Reality for Windy Cities: 3D Visualization of Future Wind Nature Analysis in City Planning
Authors: Harbola Shubhi , Storz Martin , Coors Volker
Published: October 2022

Effective government management, convenient public services, and sustainable industrial development are achieved by the thorough utilization and management of green, renewable resources. The research and the study of meteorological data and its effect on devising renewable solutions as a replacement for nonrenewable ones is the motive of researchers and city planners. Sources of energy like wind and solar are free, green, and popularly being integrated into sustainable development and city planning to preserve environmental quality. Sensor networks have become a convenient tool for environmental monitoring. Wind energy generated through the use and maintenance of wind turbines requires knowledge of wind parameters such as speed and direction for proper maintenance. An augmented reality (AR) tool for interactive visualization and exploration of future wind nature analyses for experts is still missing. Existing solutions are limited to graphs, tabular data, two-dimensional space (2D) maps, globe view, and GIS tool designed for the desktop and not adapted with AR for easy, interactive mobile use. This work aims to provide a novel AR-based mobile supported application (App) that serves as a bridge between three-dimensional space (3D) temporal wind dataset visualization and predictive analysis through machine learning (ML). The proposed development is a dynamic application of AR supported with ML. It provides a user interactive designed approach, presenting a multilayered infrastructure process accessed through a mobile AR platform that supports 3D visualization of temporal wind data through future wind analysis. Thus, a novel AR visualization App with the prediction of wind nature using ML algorithms would provide city planners with advanced knowledge of wind conditions and help in easy decision-making with interactive 3D visualization.
Storing and Visualising Dynamic Data in the Context of Energy Analysis in the Smart Cities
Authors: Santhanavanich Thunyathep , Sihombing Rosanny , Kabiro Pithon Macharia , Würstle Patrick , Sini Sabo Kwado
Published: October 2022

There is increased activity in developing workflows and implementations in the context of urban energy analysis simulation based on 3D city models in smart cities. At the University of Applied Sciences Stuttgart (HFT Stuttgart), an urban energy simulation platform called ‘SimStadt’ has successfully been developed. It uses the CityGML 3D city model to simulate the heat demand, photovoltaic potential, and other scenarios that provide dynamic simulation results in both space and time dimensions. Accordingly, a tool for managing dynamic data of the CityGML models is required. Earlier, the CityGML Application Domain Extension (ADE) had been proposed to support additional attributes of the CityGML model; however, there is still a lack of open-source tools and platforms to manage and distribute the CityGML ADE data efficiently. This article evaluates and compares alternative methods to manage dynamic simulation results of the 3D city model and visualise these data on the 3D web-based smart city application, including the use of SimStadt web services, databases, and OGC SensorThings API standard.
Deep Learning Methods for Extracting Object-Oriented Models of Building Interiors from Images
Authors: Obrock Lars , Gülch Eberhard
Published: October 2022

In this chapter, we present an approach of enriching photogrammetric point clouds with semantic information extracted from images of digital cameras or smartphones to enable a later automation of BIM modelling with object-oriented models. Based on the DeepLabv3+ architecture, we extract building components and objects of interiors in full 3D. During the photogrammetric reconstruction, we project the segmented categories derived from the images into the point cloud. Based on the semantic information, we align the point cloud, correct the scale and extract further information. The combined extraction of geometric and semantic information yields a high potential for automated BIM model reconstruction.
On the Prospects of the Building Envelope in the Context of Smart Sustainable Cities: A Brief Review
Authors: Liebhart Heiko , Cremers Jan
Published: October 2022

According to the World Urbanization Prospects of the United Nations (United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs 2018), about 68% of the overall expected world population is going to live in urban areas and cities by the year 2050. The task of transforming modern cities towards a more sustainable and ecological as well as socially likeable environment touches a plethora of disciplines like transportation, energy infrastructure, architecture, building physics, etc. and poses an intricate challenge for architects, engineers, urban planners and social scientist alike. Thanks to the technological evolution, the realization of smart city concepts and solutions has become a viable option to contribute to this goal in a significant manner. The building envelope as an indispensable part of human dwellings and working space has historically mostly taken the classic functionalities of resembling aesthetic expression and providing physical protection. Recent and upcoming technological developments will enable a shift in the role of the building envelope from its mere classical functionalities towards additional contributions to the sustainability and livability of the environment. The prospects of these contributions range from increasing the thermal and visual comfort of the inhabitants and the surrounding environment by adaptive architectural measures towards potential energy saving by energy harvesting devices and synergetic processing and treatment of material flows of the building to provide conditioned air, preprocessed water and even food. In this short essay, we will elaborate on the phenomenon of smart city in general and the role of the building envelope in the context of modern smart city development and its potential on the improvement on different aspects of life and urban environment.
Interests of (In)frequent Bike Users: Analysis of Differing Target Groups’ Needs Concerning the RouteMeSafe Application
Authors: Silberer Jan , Dangel Greta , Bäumer Thomas , Müller Patrick , Kotziabassis Georgios
Published: October 2022

Cycling is an emission-free and healthy mode of transportation. However, the share of cycling in the modal split is still low. Perceived safety during cycling could be a reason for that. The RouteMeSafe application is developed at Stuttgart University of Applied Sciences with the aim of tackling this issue. A safety routing function is supposed to increase the short-term safety of cycling by showing safe paths for cyclists. Long-term safety is supposed to be increased with the feedback function enabling cyclists to share their evaluation of the cycling infrastructure with the city administration. The safety routing function is currently in the design phase and the feedback function in prototype phase. To develop the application user-friendly, target groups for both functions need to be defined and their expectations considered in the development process. Two studies with infrequent and frequent cyclists have been conducted to do so. Study 1, a user experience study based on a student sample, showed that infrequent cyclists could be a target group for the safety routing function and frequent cyclists could be a target group for the feedback function. The latter was confirmed in study 2, a technology acceptance study based on a sample with frequent cyclists of Stuttgart. Future studies on the application should investigate the long-term technology acceptance of the two groups. This could help to find out whether both groups can serve as target groups on the long run.
Monitoring Tool for Improving Indoor Environment Quality and Performance Based on IoT Sensors: State of the Art and Concept
Authors: Traboulsi Salam , Knauth Stefan
Published: October 2022

Indoor temperature is one of the fundamental features of the indoor environment. It can be controlled with distributed IoT sensors, through wireless networks. It affects human indoor environment such as human thermal sensation, productivity at work, buildings’ quality, and several syndrome symptoms. In this study, we focus on the effects of the indoor temperature on the human work productivity and thermal sensation. Our research aims to develop an IoT monitoring tool to manage the challenges in smart buildings by extracting and processing relevant data. It proposes data analysis periodically and integrates newly generated data into the analytical cycle that allows improving human indoor environment.
Box-Type Windows as Means for Better Air Quality and Acoustic Comfort in Urban Areas
Authors: Offtermatt David , Lust Daniel , Erhart Tobias
Published: October 2022

Controlled natural ventilation in office buildings can ensure the indoor thermal comfort while reducing the life cycle energy consumption for ventilation, compared to mechanical ventilation systems (e.g. HVAC). Natural ventilation is mostly used in moderate climate zones where air conditioning is not a standard. During intermediate seasons, buildings with HVAC systems can additionally use natural ventilation to reduce energy consumption. However, in dense urban areas, natural ventilation can be problematic in terms of acoustic comfort. Here, a box-type window can serve as a compromise between thermal and acoustic comfort. Due to the more complex handling of the box-type window, an automated (electric driven) novel box-type window approach was developed within the imaF project, a part of the iCity initiative. The following article describes the basics of automated natural ventilation, acoustic characterization as well as architectural integration of this window type and the optimization of the airflow through box-type windows. The results show that the proposed geometry can provide sound insulation while providing an appropriate air exchange rate.