bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Antibacterial and antibiofilm activities of sodium ibuprofen- and paracetamol-loaded nanofibers
Authors: Alkan Gürkan , Ulusoy Seyhan , Akgün Mert , Oral Ayhan
Published: June 2023

Nanofibers loaded with pharmaceutical agents for various medical purposes have become more important in recent years because of their advantages, such as control on release, gas permeability, high surface area, and lightweight matrices. In the present study, polylactic acid (PLA)-gelatin (Gel) nanofibers were successfully loaded with Ibuprofen-Na/Paracetamol (henceforth Ibu-Na and Par, respectively) by electrospinning. The nanofibers were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The Ibu-Na/Par content of the nanofibers was determined by using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Their antibacterial activities were tested against Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa PA01, opportunistic pathogenic bacteria which are frequently associated with infections. Moreover, their antibiofilm activities against P. aeruginosa and E. faecalis were also investigated.
The Ibu-Na-containing nanofibers exhibited antibacterial activity against S. aureus, E. coli, and E. faecalis. The inhibition zone diameters of PLA-Gel-Ibu-Na 300 against E. faecalis, S. aureus, and E. coli were calculated to be 23.0 ± 2.1 mm, 18.0 ± 1.5 mm, and 12.0 ± 1.2 mm, respectively. It was found that PLA-Gel-Ibu-Na 300 and PLA-Gel-Par 300 nanofibers’ capacity to show biofilm formation inhibition originated remarkable effects on P. aeruginosa, which were found to be 48 % and 50.4 %, respectively.
This study indicated that Ibu-Na/Par-loaded nanofibers are promising materials for wound healing applications.
Strategies for prevention and management of partial flap loss or fat necrosis in microvascular autologous breast reconstruction
Authors: García Nores Gabriela D , Cheng Angela
Published: June 2023

Partial flap loss (skin involved) or fat necrosis following autologous breast reconstruction remains a dreaded postoperative complication despite significant advances in microsurgical techniques. Several strategies have been proposed in the preoperative and intraoperative period to prevent this complication ranging from preoperative imaging, intra-operative tissue perfusion assessment, appropriate perforator selection (location and number), maximizing inflow and outflow with additional anastomoses and/or pedicles, and minimizing ischemia time. Postoperative management of partial flap loss (when there is skin involvement) and fat necrosis remains a challenge, with very little published data focusing on classification, timing, and techniques. Early intervention versus close observation may depend on multiple patient factors and the degree or volume of necrosis. Secondary intervention options include hyperbaric oxygen therapy, fat aeration with a needle, liposuction, fat grafting, addition of another flap or implant, depending on the nature of the defect. This review summarizes the current evidence for each of these strategies to help the current surgeon understand their options in preventing and managing patients suffering from partial flap loss.
Diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic implications of genetic profiling in pleural mesothelioma
Authors: Sadek Ahmed , De Rienzo Assunta , Bueno Raphael
Published: June 2023

Pleural mesothelioma (PM) is an aggressive malignancy of the pleural lining that typically arises secondary to asbestos exposure. With the advent of next-generation sequencing, major progress has been made in the molecular characterization of pleural mesothelioma over the past three decades. However, these advances have been largely unable to identify effective targeted therapies for PM. Additionally, there remains an absence of accepted gold-standard consensus for staging and treatment, which partly explains the overall poor outcomes in patients with PM. In recent years, genetic profiling of PM tumors has proved to be an effective tool in the diagnosis and prognosis of PM. Genomic sequencing has identified several potential targets for the development of novel therapeutics in PM. This review summarizes the progress in diagnosis, prognosis, and therapeutics derived by genomics and tumor profiling of PM tumors.
Applications of artificial intelligence in benign prostatic hyperplasia
Authors: Bansal Saakshi , Chuluunbaatar Yanjinlkham , Brodie Andrew , Vasdev Nikhil
Published: June 2023

The advancement of computational abilities has taken us from the days of machines performing simple, one-dimensional tasks to themselves learning and applying knowns to unknowns. Artificial intelligence (AI) has become integral in daily life, yet there is vast room for application in surgery. Cancer research can divert attention from more prevalent benign diseases which may equally cause a significant impact on quality of life. Here we review recent advancements in the field of AI for diagnostics, management, and prognostication of benign prostatic hyperplasia, evaluating the strengths and limitations of these approaches with implications for future research.
Predictive models for the run-out distance of clay slopes based on material point method
Authors: Zhao Yu-Han , Wu Qiang , Du Wenqi
Published: June 2023

This paper aims to propose run-out distance predictive models for clay slopes using the material point method (MPM), which can simulate the progressive failure process of slopes considering the strain softening effect of soils. A suite of 100 ground motions is selected from the NGA-West2 database and then scaled for conducting the dynamic analysis of slopes. The permanent slope displacements (D) can be classified into two categories, namely the “un-failure” category with D smaller than 0.4 m and the “failure” category with D in the range of 10 m to 15 m. It is found that peak ground velocity (PGV) exhibits the highest correlation with D for the “un-failure” category, whereas all ground-motion intensity measures (e.g., PGV, peak ground acceleration) are less correlated with D for the “failure” category. Therefore, the run-out distance of collapsed clay slopes is more related to the failure model rather than the triggering shaking intensities. Moreover, thousands of slope models with various slope angles, slope heights (H), soil densities, and peak and residual strength parameters are developed based on MPM. The run-out distances for the slopes being collapsed are then collected. Predictive models for different slope angles are proposed, which predict the run-out distance as a function of H, unit weight, residual cohesion, and residual friction angle. The proposed models are applicable for clay slopes with slope angles in the range of 30° to 45° and H in the range of 10 m to 30 m.
METHOD OF ULTRASONIC PHASE TWO-COORDINATE INFORMATION REGISTRATION FOR AUTOMATED NON-DESTRUCTIVE TESTING SYSTEMS
Authors: Malko Volodymyr , Kuts Yurii , Lysenko Iuliia , Scherbak Leonid
Published: June 2023

The article is devoted to the issue of improving the coordinate registration of information in means of automated non-destructive testing. Existing systems of non-contact registration of spatial position sensors of non-destructive testing are mostly focused on the use of signal fields of different physical nature, for example, acoustic or optical, which are created around the position of these sensors and amplitude methods of signal processing. These methods do not provide the necessary accuracy of determining the coordinates in the case of using small-aperture sensors of non-destructive testing.

The basis of the proposed technical solution is the trilateration method. The distance between the emitter of ultrasonic vibration, which is structurally connected to the sensor, and the two receivers is determined by the phase method. This method provides increased accuracy in determining the coordinates of the sensor. Eliminating the ambiguity of phase measurements is based on the combination of the multi-frequency method and the numerical system of residual classes. This makes it possible to minimize the probability of incorrect resolution of the ambiguity of the results of phase distance measurements and to ensure high accuracy of coordinate determination (with an absolute error of the order of mm). The idea of the method and the main calculation formulas that make it possible to determine the modules of the numerical system of residual classes and the values of the operating frequencies of ultrasonic oscillations are presented. Matching the discretes for determining the phase shifts of signals with the modules of the numerical system of residual classes at different operating frequencies makes it possible to reduce the resolution of the ambiguity of the results of phase measurements to the task of restoring integers in the positional counting system from their representation by residuals in the numerical system of residual classes. The mechanism of occurrence of gross errors in the recovery of whole numbers is considered. An algorithm for eliminating this error is proposed. In general, the correctness of the algorithm for determining the sensor coordinates is confirmed by the simulation results. The considered method of two-coordinate information registration can be used both in the development of new automated means of non-destructive testing, and for the improvement of existing ones, which involve a manual method of scanning the surface of testing objects.
AUTOMATED NATURAL GAS VOLUME MEASUREMENT SYSTEM
Authors: Pysarets Anna , Horzhyi Ihor
Published: June 2023

One of the main problems in the gas supply industry remains the insufficient accuracy in determining the volumes of consumed gas. On the one hand, this is due to the use of faulty or outdated measuring equipment in metering stations, and on the other hand, the operating conditions of metering stations do not always meet the requirements of technical documentation. In particular, the absence of automated data collection and processing systems from metering stations complicates, and sometimes prevents, the monitoring of actual natural gas consumption. Therefore, the task of creating automated gas volume measurement complexes remains relevant.

The aim of this work is to substantiate the structure and elements of such a complex.

The article presents a generalized structure of a gas metering station based on an automated measurement complex. One of the key elements of complex, ensuring the quality and accuracy of measurements, is the gas flow converter under working conditions.

The authors have analyzed the methods of gas flow measurement that have gained the widest popularity in measurement practice and the possibilities of using devices based on them, considering the peculiarities of the operational use of the complex. In turn, the operating conditions are determined by internal technological, external mechanical, and design factors.

A separate issue in the creation of an automated complex is the application of interfaces for data exchange with other systems or remote data transmission. The paper formulates requirements for the functionality of the electronic computing unit and its software, which, in addition to polling, registration, indication, and calculations, include self-diagnostics.

The application of the complex will significantly improve the quality of natural gas metering and contribute to increased resource utilization efficiency, gas consumption forecasting, loss reduction, prevention of possible emergency situations, and more, based on the collection, processing, and analysis of measurement data.
Eriochloa barbatus (Poaceae: Paniceae): An addition to the Flora of Southern India
Authors: Jalander V. , Swamy J. , Srinivas Devaraju
Published: June 2023

Eriochloa barbatus (Trin.) S. Yadav and M. R. Almeida (Poaceae: Paniceae), a species indigenous to Africa, Madagascar and Arabian Peninsula is reported here as an addition to the grass flora of Southern India from Telanganastate. Detailed description and photographs of the species are provided here for its easy identification.
Thai Hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) Group: The preliminary genetic diversity of native Thai Cannabis Isara01 strain categorized by RAPD marker
Authors: Kraisittipanit R. , Nontati S. , Tancho A.
Published: June 2023

Background: This study is the first research report on Thai cannabis which is named "Isara01". This plant was also known as KanCha-Isara01 strain. After pushing for cannabis research under the control of the Thai government, our research organization (the Natural Farming Research and Development Center, MaeJo University, Thailand) was therefore instructed to arrange a sample group and study the genetic diversity of 16,000 Isara01 specimens to be promoted and used in medicine. In this study, RAPD techniques were used to categorize all cannabis for a fundamental data to further work in the future, especially new strain development. Method: We developed the RAPD genetic marker technique for categorization the 133 Thai cannabis strains (Isara 01) which are supported by Thai government using five RAPD primers creating fingerprinting and analyzed the genetic relationship by comparison with the amount of phytochemicals such as cannabinoids. Results: 133 Thai cannabis "Isara01" were categorized into 4 large groups and 9 sub-groups. The RAPD fingerprinting showed a total banding of fingerprint in 35 bands and its devision into 19 polymorphic bands (54.29%). The average of banding was calculated in 7 bands per primer. The UPGMA yielded the similarity index as 0.9553-0.9923. The comparison ratio between THC/CBD suggested that the highest THC content in cannabis inflorescence in Group D is (37:1).Conclusions: We are completely categorized the Thai cannabis “Isara01” and it showed intra-genetic diversity and high THC especially group D. Hence, it is suitable for study as a primary model for the development of a new species in Thailand.
Effect of biochar amended Parthenium hysterophorus vermicompost on germination and seedling growth of maize
Authors: Sabarish R. , Prakash M.
Published: June 2023

Vermicompost is a soil conditioner which improves crop growth and soil physicochemical characteristics. Currently, the nutrient status of vermicompost has been revealed to be enhanced by the addition of biochar. In the present study, biomass of Parthenium hysterophorus (15 days predecomposed) + cow dung (1:1, wt./wt.) was vermicomposted with biochar amendment at the rates of 0, 2, 4, 6 and 8% utilizing Eudrilus eugeniae for 50 days. The resultant vermicompost was tested for its efficiency through seed germination assay, seedling growth, and chlorophyll content analysis. The germination percentage of maize was found to be higher in 4% biochar amendment followed by 6% biochar incorporated vermicompost (P<0.05%). Overall maize seedling showed variation in shoot length, root length, fresh weight, and dry weight in the vermicompost amended with 0, 2, 4, 6 and 8% biochar; however, these attributes were higher in 4-6% biochar amended vermicompost of Parthenium biomass. Moreover, the chlorophyll content of maize seedlings showed increment proportionately with that of the biochar amendment.
Variability, correlations, genetic advance and heritability of physiological and agronomic parameters of Bambara groundnut (Vigna subterranea [L.] Verdc.) genotypes from Burkina Faso
Authors: Nandkangre Hervé , Kambou Diane Judicaëlle , Ouoba Adjima , Konate Moussa N’Golo , Zongo FidèleKoulibi , Traore Ernest Renan , Kima AiméSévérin , Nikiema Boukaré , Ilboudo Yannick Barkoindé , Ouedraogo Mahama
Published: June 2023

Bambara groundnut is a seed legume of the Fabaceae family. It is the second most important food legume in Burkina Faso and is one of the main sources of income for women producers in rural areas. In Burkina Faso, research works on Bambara groundnut carried out to improve the performance of available landraces are very limited. For this purpose, agro-morphological characterization was carried out to contribute to a better knowledge of the diversity as well as the correlations between the characters, their mode of heritability and the genetic advance would make it possible to lay down milestones for a good strategy of conservation and improvement of the plant. Investigations were set up on the experimental site of the University Center of Tenkodogo following a completely randomized block design with four replications. A total of 20 genotypes were evaluated for this purpose. Nineteen (19) agronomic and physiological traits were recorded during the development stages of the plant and after harvest. The descriptive statistical analysis showed that there are strong amplitudes between the minimum and maximum values for all the studied characters. All the characters discriminate the accessions at the 5% threshold, except the plant spread. The cumulative values of the variance of the first four factorial axis (F1, F2, F3 and F4) for the 19 characters studied were 84.424%. The estimation of the genetic parameters showed slightly higher coefficients of phenotypic variation than the coefficients of genotypic variation for each of the 19 traits studied. The small differences between the phenotypic and genotypic coefficients of variation observed for all traits indicate that they are little influenced by the environment. The studied traits expressed a very high broad sense heritability with certain characters (H² ˃30). These high heritability values allow for more reliable responses to selection. Moreover, when heritability is high, the influence of environmental factors acts in a not very significant way on the expression of the characters. The results obtained in this study should be taken into consideration for any Bambara groundnut improvement program in Burkina Faso.
Duality Principles and Numerical Procedures for a Large Class of Non-convex Models in the Calculus of Variations
Authors: Botelho Fabio
Published: June 2023

This article develops duality principles and numerical results for a large class of non-convex variational models. The main results are based on fundamental tools of convex analysis, duality theory and calculus of variations. More specifically the approach is established for a class of non-convex functionals similar as those found in some models in phase transition. Finally, in the last section we present a concerning numerical example and the respective software.
End-to-End Multimodal Sensor Dataset Collection Framework for Autonomous Vehicles
Authors: Gu Junyi , Lind Artjom , Chhetri Tek Raj , Bellone Mauro , Sell Raivo
Published: June 2023

Autonomous driving vehicles rely on sensors for the robust perception of surroundings. Such vehicles are equipped with multiple perceptive sensors with a high level of redundancy to ensure safety and reliability in any driving condition. However, multi-sensor, such as camera, LiDAR and radar, systems bring up the requirements related to sensor calibration and synchronization, which are the fundamental blocks of any autonomous system. On the other hand, sensor fusion and integration have become important aspects of autonomous driving research and directly determine the efficiency and accuracy of advanced functions such as object detection and path planning. Classical model-based estimation and data-driven models are two mainstream approaches to achieving such integration. Most recent research is shifting to the latter, showing high robustness in real-world applications but requiring large quantities of data to be collected, synchronized, and properly categorized. To generalize the implementation of the multi-sensor perceptive system, we introduce an end-to-end generic sensor dataset collection framework that includes both hardware deploying solutions and sensor fusion algorithms. The framework prototype integrates a diverse set of sensors, such as cameras, LiDAR, and radar. Furthermore, we present a universal toolbox to calibrate and synchronize three types of sensors based on their characteristics. The framework also includes the fusion algorithms, which utilize the merits of three sensors , namely, camera, LiDAR and radar, and fuse their sensory information in a manner that is helpful for object detection and tracking research. The generality of this framework makes it applicable in any robotic or autonomous applications, also suitable for quick and large-scale practical deployment.
Spatial Analysis and Evaluation Aging-Friendly City Indicators Using GIS: Study in 8 Districts of Ahwaz City, Southwestern Iran
Authors: Musavi Vafa , Rakhshani Tayebeh , Firozjaee Somayeh Fathtabar , Asadollahi Abdolrahim
Published: June 2023

Objectives: The present study was conducted to evaluate the indicators of the aging-friendly using GIS software in the eight districts of Ahwaz, southwest Iran in 2022.
Materials and methods: this descriptive-analytical study was conducted on 317 older adults by stratified random sampling method. Data collection tools were demographic characteristics and aging-friendly city indicators. GIS methods were used for the spatial analysis and SPSS version 28 software was used to analyze descriptive statistics.
Results: The mean age of the participants was 66.21±6.99 years. Most of the participants in this study were male (53.9%), illiterate (34.7%), married (84.9%) and residents of district 7 (22.1%). The findings of the present study showed that all 8 districts follow spatial autocorrelation and cluster pattern in all components of the aging-friendly city (urban open spaces, intra-urban transportation system, public and religious places and buildings, safety and ease of traffic, social participation and communication, social respect, culture-recreation, health and treatment).
Conclusion: According to the results, the city of Ahwaz is far from the ideal level among the components of an aging-friendly city; therefore, provincial and city officials should pay more attention to these indicators and take more effective steps to increase their quality.
Furthering Automatic Feature Extraction for Fit-for-Purpose Cadastral Updating: Cases from Peri-Urban Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Authors: Metaferia Mekonnen Tesfaye , Bennett Rohan Mark , Alemie Berhanu Kefale , Koeva Mila
Published: June 2023

Fit-for-purpose land administration (FFPLA) seeks to simplify cadastral mapping via lowering the costs and time associated with conventional surveying methods. The approach can be applied to both initial establishment and on-going maintenance of system. In Ethiopia, cadastral maintenance remains an on-going challenge, especially in rapidly urbanizing peri-urban areas, where farmers' land rights and tenure security are often jeopardized. Automatic Feature Extraction (AFE) is an emerging FFPLA approach, proposed as an alternative for mapping and updating cadastral boundaries. This study explores the role of the AFE approach for updating cadastral boundaries in the vibrant peri-urban areas of Addis Ababa. Open-source software solutions are utilized to assess the (semi-) automatic extraction of cadastral boundaries from orthophotos (segmentation), designation of 'boundary' and 'non-boundary' outlines (classification), and delimitation of cadastral boundaries (interactive delineation). Both qualitative and quantitative assessments of the achieved results (validation) are undertaken. A high-resolution orthophoto of the study area and a reference cadastral boundary shape file are used, respectively, for extracting the parcel boundaries and validating the interactive delineation results. Qualitative (visual) assessment verified the completed extraction of newly constructed cadastral boundaries in the study area, although non-boundary outlines such as footpaths and artefacts are also retrieved. For the buffer overlay analysis, the interactively delineated boundary lines and the reference cadastre were buffered within the spatial accuracy limits for urban and rural cadasters. As a result, the quantitative assessment delivered 52% correctness and 32% completeness for a buffer width of 0.4m and 0.6m, respectively, for the interactively delineated and reference boundaries. The study further demonstrated the potentially significant role AFE could assist in delivering fast, affordable, and reliable cadastral mapping. Further investigation, based on user input and expertise evaluation, could help to improve the approach and apply it to a real-world setting.
Investigation on Novel E/Z 2-Benzylideneindan-1-one-based Photoswitches with AChE and MAO-B Dual Inhibitory Activity
Authors: Paolino Marco , De Candia Modesto , Purgatorio Rosa , Catto Marco , Saletti Mario , Tondo Anna Rita , Nicolotti Orazio , Cappelli Andrea , Brizzi Antonella , Mugnaini Claudia , Corelli Federico , Altomare Cosimo D.
Published: June 2023

The multitarget therapeutic strategy, as opposed to the more traditional ‘one disease-one tar-get-one drug’, may hold promise in treating multifactorial neurodegenerative syndromes, such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and related dementias. Recently, combining a photopharmacology approach with the multitarget-directed ligand (MTDL) design strategy, we disclosed a novel donepezil-like compound, namely 2-(4-((diethylamino)methyl)benzylidene)-5-methoxy- 2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-1-one (1a), which in the E diastereomeric form (and about tenfold less in the UV-B photo-induced isomer Z) showed the best activity as dual inhibitor of the AD-related targets acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and monoamine oxidase B (MAO-B). Herein, we investigated further photoisomerizable 2-benzylideneindan-1-one analogs 1b-h with the unconjugated tertiary amino moiety bearing alkyls of different bulkiness and lipophilicity. For each compound the thermal stable E diastereoisomer, along with the E/Z mixture as produced by UV-B light irradia-tion in the photostationary state (PSS, 75% Z), was investigated for the inhibition of human ChEs and MAOs. The pure E-diastereoisomer of the N-benzyl(ethyl)amino analog 1h achieved low nanomolar AChE and high nanomolar MAO-B inhibition potencies (IC50s 39 and 355 nM, re-spectively), whereas photoisomerization to the Z isomer (75% Z in the PSS mixture) resulted in a decrease (about 30%) of AChE inhibitory potency, and not in the MAO-B one. Molecular docking studies were performed to rationalize the different E/Z diastereoselectivity of 1h toward the two target enzymes.
Analysis and Optimization of Dynamic and Static Characteristics of Compliant Amplifying Mechanism
Authors: Wang Jin , Jing Zijian , Xie Zongliang , Ning Zongqi , Qi Bo
Published: June 2023

Compliant amplifying mechanisms are used widely in high-precision instruments driven by piezoelectric actuators, and the dynamic and static characteristics of these mechanisms are closely related to instrument performance. Although the majority of existing research has focused on analysis of their static characteristics, the dynamic characteristics of the mechanisms affect their response speeds directly. Therefore, this paper proposes a comprehensive theoretical model of compliant amplifying mechanisms based on the multi-body system transfer matrix method to analyze the dynamic and static characteristics of these mechanisms. The effects of the main amplifying mechanism parameters on the displacement amplification ratio and the resonance frequency are analyzed comprehensively using the control variable method. An iterative optimization algorithm is also used to obtain specific parameters that meet the design requirements. Finally, simulation analyses and experimental verification tests are performed. The results indicate the feasibility of using the proposed theoretical compliant amplifying mechanism model to describe the mechanism’s dynamic and static characteristics, which represents a significant contribution to the design and optimization of compliant amplifying mechanisms.
The Knowledge-Sharing Implications of Social Responsibility of Firms: The Importance of Ethical Climate
Authors: Hong Yunsook , Kim Byung-Jik , Kim Min-Jik
Published: June 2023

Using a variety of theoretical foundations, this paper examines the association between corporate social responsibility (CSR) and employees’ knowledge-sharing behavior, investigating the sequential mediation role of perceived organizational support and organizational commitment as well as the moderating role of ethical climate. Hypotheses were formulated to address both the sequential mediation effect of perceived organizational support and organizational commitment on the link between CSR and knowledge-sharing and the moderation effect of ethical climate on the relationship between CSR and perceived organizational support. In order to mitigate the problems of potential common method bias, data were gathered from a sample of 204 South Korean employees at three distinct time points. The results of the study offer compelling evidence that CSR activities exert a positive influence on employees’ knowledge-sharing behavior, an effect that is sequentially mediated by both perceived organizational support and organizational commitment. Furthermore, the research uncovers the positive moderating role played by ethical climate in the relationship between CSR and perceived organizational support. By integrating multiple theoretical frameworks, this study not only advances the extant literature but also offers invaluable insights for organizations striving to bolster knowledge-sharing through the strategic implementation of CSR initiatives.
Trends, Projections, and Regional Disparities of Maternal Mortality in Africa (1990-2030): An ARIMA Forecasting Approach
Authors: Onambele Luc , Guillen-Aguinaga Sara , Guillen-Aguinaga Laura , Ortega-Leon Wilfrido , Montejo Rocio , Alas-Brun Rosa , Aguinaga-Ontoso Enrique , Aguinaga-Ontoso Ines , Guillen-Grima Francisco
Published: June 2023

(1) Background: With the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) (2015-2030) fo-cusing on reducing maternal mortality, monitoring and forecasting Maternal Mortality Rates (MMR) in regions like Africa become crucial for health strategy planning by policymakers, in-ternational organizations, and NGOs. (2) Methods: We collected maternal mortality rates per 100,000 births from the World Bank database between 1990 and 2015. Join Point regression was applied to assess trends, and the autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) model was used on 1990-2015 data to forecast the MMR for the next 15 years. (3) Results: The study found a decline in MMR in Africa with an average annual percentage change (APC) of -2.6% (95% CI -2.7; -2.5). North Africa reported the lowest MMR, while East Africa experienced the sharpest decline. The region-specific ARIMA models predict that the maternal mortality rate (MMR) in 2030 will vary across regions, ranging from 65 deaths per 100,000 births in North Africa to 249 deaths per 100,000 births in Central Africa., averaging 197 per 100,000 births for the continent. (4) Conclusions: Despite the observed decreasing trend in maternal mortality rate (MMR), the MMR in Africa remains relatively high. The results indicate that MMR in Africa will continue to decrease by 2030. However, only North and South Africa will likely reach the SDG target.
Association of High Red Meat Consumption with Risk of Cancer and Adverse Health Outcomes: An Umbrella Review and Meta-Analysis.
Authors: Nian Tao , Xue Shang , Zhou Jing Wen , E Fen Fen , Yan Long Yi , Hu Yue Peng , Xin Jiao Tian , Chen Yue Kai , Cai Sheng Zhi , Lu Cun Cun , Yang Hu Ke , Li Xia Xiu
Published: June 2023

Background Dietary guidelines typically recommend limiting the intake of fresh red meat, yet evidence linking red meat consumption with adverse health outcomes is inconsistent.
Objective To assess the level of evidence from existing systematic reviews and meta-analyses and analyze the association between high consumption of red meat and cancer risk and adverse health outcomes.
Methods Eight databases were searched to collect systematic reviews and meta-analyses from database inception to December 2022. Two independent reviewers screened and extracted data and used the AMSTAR 2 tool to evaluate methodological quality of the included studies. Meta-analysis was conducted using STATA 17.0.
Results A total of 18 studies were included, of which 5 were rated as high quality, 4 as medium quality, 6 as low quality, and 3 as extremely low quality. Of the 9 SRs/MAs included, primary studies with overlap were identified, and 14 studies were eventually included. The meta-analysis results showed that compared with the lowest intake of red meat, the highest intake of red meat was associated with an increased risk of colorectal cancer (OR 1.21, 95% CI 1.07-1.37), gastric cancer (OR 1.37, 95% CI 1.18-1.59), non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (OR 1.10.95% CI 1.02-1.19), stroke (RR 1.11, 95% CI 1.03-1.20), type 2 diabetes (RR 1.19 95% CI 1.04-1.37), and ischemic heart disease (RR 1.09, 95% CI 1.06-1.12), as well as a negative effect on total cholesterol (WMD 0.264, 95% CI 0.144-0.383), triglycerides (WMD -0.181, 95% CI -0.349 to -0.013), low-density lipoprotein (WMD 0.198, 95% CI 0.065-0.330), and high-density lipoprotein (WMD -0.065, 95% CI -0.109 to -0.020). However, the associations with breast cancer (RR 1.05 95% CI 1.00-1.11), glycemic control (WMD 0.040, 95% CI 0.049-0.129), and changes in body weight status [overweight (β 0.89, 95% CI 0.48-1.64); obesity (β 1.06, 95% CI 0.30-3.71)] were not significant.
Conclusions This comprehensive umbrella review suggests that high consumption of red meat may increase the risk of colorectal cancer, gastric cancer, non-Hodgkin lymphoma, stroke, type 2 diabetes, and cardiovascular disease, and that reducing red meat intake is a key modifiable dietary factor for reducing risk. However, there was no significant correlation with breast cancer, kidney stones, age-related eye disease or changes in body weight.
Solar Energy Success: Mastering the Parameters that Matter
Authors: Ali Naseem , Gatti Davide
Published: June 2023

Solar energy is a rapidly growing sector, and solar farms are playing an increasingly important role in meeting the world's energy needs. However, as the size and complexity of these farms increase, so do the challenges associated with managing them efficiently. This article presents a comprehensive analysis of the fundamental parameters that underpin solar energy systems. Focusing on the latest research, we examine the challenges and opportunities intrinsic to the implementation of solar energy systems, paying particular attention to the various parameters that contribute to their performance. These parameters encompass a range of factors such as thermal performance, atmospheric boundary layer, solar energy meteorology, heat islands, cloud influences, agrivoltaic systems, shading factors, and surface energy budget. The review underscores the importance of considering a diverse array of parameters when developing solar energy systems to optimize their efficiency and effectiveness. Ultimately, by unraveling these challenges and opportunities, we can work towards creating more sustainable and reliable renewable energy sources and reducing our dependence on non-renewable alternatives.
Crosstalk between the Rod Outer Segments and Retinal Pigmented Epithelium in the Generation of Oxidative Stress in an In Vitro Model.
Authors: Ravera Silvia , Bertola Nadia , Puddu Alessandra , Bruno Silvia , Maggi Davide , Panfoli Isabella
Published: June 2023

Dysfunction of the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) is associated with several diseases characterized by retinal degeneration, such as diabetic retinopathy (DR). However, it has recently been proposed that outer retinal neurons also participate in the damage triggering. Therefore, we have evaluated possible crosstalk between RPE and photoreceptors in priming and maintaining oxi-dative damage of the RPE. For this purpose, we used ARPE-19 cells as a model of human RPE, grown in normal (NG, 5.6 mM) or high glucose (HG, 25 mM), and unoxidized (UOx) or oxidized (Ox) mammalian retinal rod outer segments (OS). ARPE-19 cells were efficient at phagocytizing rod OS in both NG and HG settings. However, in HG, ARPE-19 cells treated with Ox-rod OS accumulated MDA and lipofuscins and displayed altered LC3, GRP78, and Caspase 8 expression, compared to untreated and UOx-rod OS-treated cells. Data suggest that early oxidative damage may originate from the photoreceptors and subsequently extend to the RPE, providing a new perspective to the idea that retinal degeneration depends solely on a redox alteration of the RPE.
Indicative of Land Use/Land Cover Change influenced Ecosystem Service Value Changes in Wayu-Tuka District, Western Ethiopia
Authors: Kenea Jembere Bekere , Wakjira Feyera Senbeta , Mekonnen Abren Gelaw
Published: June 2023

Land use/land cover (LULC) changes have a substantial influence on ecosystem services. The objective of this study is to estimate LULC dynamics induced ecosystem service values (ESV) changes in Western Ethiopia. Data were acquired from Landsat images of the area for four periods (1990-2020), and 221 sample households. The areas of LULC classes and the improved ESV coefficients of Costanza et al (1997) were used estimate ESV changes in 1990-2020. Forest provides diverse provisions, regulatory, supportive and cultural services. Analysis of the Landsat images showed that forest, farmland, settlement, water body and bare-land were the major LULC classes in the study area. While forest ESV had accounted 46.1% (US$ 4.95 million) of the ESV of Wayu-Tuka district in 1990, farmland ESV constituted the largest share (63.3%, US$ 5.21 million) of the ESV of the area after 30 years (2020). The ESV of forest and bare-land showed decreasing trends in three decades (1990-2020) but the farmland service value revealed an increasing trend in the same periods. Forest ecosystem exhibited the largest service value loss (US$ 3.91 million) in 1990-2020; whereas, the service value gain of farmland was only US$ 2.2 million although farmland was responsible for the conversion of the largest area size (9,766.5 ha) from other land covers in 30 years. LULC change induced net ESV loss of the district in three decades (1990-2020) was 23.4% (US$ 2.51 million). Land conversion due to expansion of farmland (by 9,766.5 ha) and settlement (by 4,061.3 ha) was the main cause for the LULC dynamics and the significant ESV loss in 1990-2020. Thus, the government and local people should cooperate so as to curb the steady degradation of forest and its ecosystem services in Wayu-Tuka district, Western Ethiopia.
Design of Mixed Ionic-Electronic Materials for Permselective Membranes and Solid Oxide Fuel Cells Based on Their Oxygen and Hydrogen Mobility
Authors: Sadykov Vladislav , Pikalova Elena , Sadovskaya Ekaterina , Shlyakhtina Anna , Filonova Elena , Eremeev Nikita
Published: June 2023

Oxygen and hydrogen mobility are among the important characteristics for operation of solid oxide fuel cells, permselective membranes and many other electrochemical devices. This, along with other characteristics, enables reaching a high power density of solid oxide fuel cells and a high oxygen or hydrogen permeation fluxes for membranes. This work focuses on oxygen and hydrogen diffusion of mixed ionic (oxide ionic or/and protonic) – electronic conducting materials for these devices and its role in the performance. Ionic transport properties of conventional and state-of-the-art materials are reviewed.
Application of Virtual Reality in Human-Swarm Interaction
Authors: Ghofrani Javad , Schiller Vincent
Published: June 2023

With the emergence of new VR/AR technologies, the question arises of how they can be used in human-swarm interaction. Where are the limitations and boundaries of conventional interfaces, and how can VR/AR overcome them? To find out, a user study was conducted. The subjects were able to interact with an autonomously acting swarm of drones using both a conventional desktop interface (Desktop-HSI) and a newly developed VR interface (VR-HSI).The resulting assessments are used as a basis for determining the extent to which this new technology can be applied in human-swarm interaction. The technical basis was an already tested simulation software that was expanded with a network interface to allow interacting with a drone swarm using connected HSIs (Human-Swarm Interfaces). Standardized communication was emphasized to enable the development of HSIs with different requirements. Specifically for this work, a VR-HSI was developed with Unity and a desktop-HSI with Java and their performance regarding human-swarm interaction was evaluated.
Advancing the Management of Long COVID by Integrating into Health Informatics Domain: Current and Future Perspectives
Authors: Ambalavanan Radha , Snead R Sterling , Marczika Julia , Kozinsky Karina , Aman Edris
Published: June 2023

The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic has profoundly affected millions of lives globally, with some individuals experiencing persistent symptoms even after recovering. Understanding and managing the long-term sequelae of COVID-19 is crucial for research, prevention, and control. As a result, to monitor the health of individuals affected by these conditions, they must maintain up-to-date health records using digital health informatics apps for surveillance. In this review, we provide an overview of the existing literature on identifying long COVID manifestations through hierarchical classification and the characterization of long COVID by different hierarchical groups based on the Human Phenotype Ontology (HPO). We outline the aspects of the National COVID Cohort Collaborative (N3C) and Researching COVID to Enhance Recovery (RECOVER) in artificial intelligence (AI) to identify long COVID. Knowledge exploration, using the concept map for the clinical pathways of long COVID presented in this paper, provides an overview of the data needed to explore tackling the long-term effect of COVID-19 by integrating innovative cohesive frameworks and designing health informatics-based applications. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first paper to explore the potential incorporation of long COVID as a variable risk factor within a digital health informatics application.
High Performance Reversible Furan-Maleimide Resins Based on Furfuryl Glycidyl Ether and Bismaleimides
Authors: Wang Jiawen , Li Jixian , Zhang Jun , Liu Shuyue , Wan Liqiang , Liu Zuozhen , Huang Farong
Published: June 2023

Two reversible furan-maleimide resins, in which there are rigid -Ph-CH2-Ph- structure and flexible -(CH2)6- structures in bismaleimides, were synthesized from furfuryl glycidyl ethers (FGE), 4,4′-diaminodiphenyl ether (ODA), N,N'-4,4'-diphenylmethane-bismaleimide (DBMI) and N,N'-hexamethylene-bismaleimide (HBMI). The structures of the resins were confirmed by Fourier transform infrared analysis, and the thermoreversibility was evidenced by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analysis as well as sol-gel transformation process. Mechanical properties and recyclability of the resins were preliminarily evaluated by the flexural test. The results show the Diels-Alder (DA) reaction occurs at about 90°C and reversible DA reaction does at 130-140°C for the furan-maleimide resin. Thermally reversible furan-maleimide resins have high mechanical properties. The flexural strength of cured FGE-ODA-HBMI resin arrives at 141 MPa. The resins have a repair efficiency of over 75%. After being hot-pressed for three times, two resins display higher flexural strength than 80 MPa.
Growth Characteristics and Efficacy of Umbilical Cord Lining Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Burn Wound Treatment
Authors: Phan Minh-Hoang , Pham-Thi Ngoc-Nga , Nguyen Hong-Ha , Dinh Van-Han
Published: June 2023

Burn injuries have profound implications for aesthetics, functionality, and patient survival. Umbilical cord lining mesenchymal stem cells (SCL-MSCs) have emerged as a potential therapeutic approach for burn wounds due to their easy isolation, favorable differentiation capabilities, and low immunogenicity. This study aimed to evaluate the growth characteristics of SCL-MSCs and their effectiveness in treating burn wounds. Mechanical isolation was employed to extract mesenchymal stem cells from the umbilical cord lining membrane. The isolated cells underwent characterization, including analysis of HLA-E, G, and DR expression, and assessment of immunogenicity against rabbit antigens using ELISA. A rabbit model was utilized to administer burn treatment. SCL-MSCs exhibited typical morphology of mesenchymal stem cells and demonstrated robust proliferation. These cells expressed CD90, HLA-E, and HLA-G markers while lacking HLA-DR expression. Intact cells and supercrushed cell fluid displayed minimal and unstable immunogenicity. SCL-MSCs exhibited remarkable differentiation potential toward fibroblast lineages, with differentiated fibroblasts showing elevated collagen production and efficient sheet formation. In the experimental rabbit model, burn wounds covered with SCL-MSC tegaderm material plates exhibited superior healing compared to controls. The stem cell material plate area demonstrated reduced inflammatory cell counts (P < 0.01) and increased fibroblast count, neovascularization, and mitotic index (P < 0.01). These findings highlight the potential of SCL-MSCs as a valuable resource for burn wound research and treatment.
Antibacterial, Antibiofilm, and Anti-inflammatory Activities of Zingiber Officinale Extract Against Helicobacter Pylori
Authors: Elbestawy Mahmoud K. M. , El-sherbiny Gamal M , Moghannem Saad Mohamed
Published: June 2023

The increased emergence of multidrug-resistant Helicobacter pylori influences the prevention of stomach cancer. Zingiber officinale is a plant usually used in folk medicine to treat a variety of diseases involving infections, nausea, vomiting, peptic ulcer, dyspepsia, and inflammation. This study was conducted to evaluate the ability of Z. officinale extract to combat resistant H. pylori. The disc diffusion, microdilution, and microplate assays were performed to evaluate the susceptibility to antibiotics, and the antibacterial and antibiofilm activities of the Z. officinale extracts. Using the checkerboard method, the combined effects of the gentamicin and Z. officinale extract were investigated. In addition, anti-inflammatory activity and GC-MS analysis were determined by the modified protocol. According to the findings, H. pylori isolates exhibited resistance rates of 56.33, 50.0, and 45.85 for metronidazole, gentamicin, and tetracycline, respectively. The methanolic extract of Z. officinale had the strongest effectiveness against resistant H. pylori isolates with MIC of 20.0 to 50.0 µg/ml against both H. pylori isolates and the stranded strain NCTC 11637. Z. officinale extract suppress the biofilm formed by H. pylori isolates with a percentage of 92.96% at 50.0µg/ml, compared with 97.19% for gentamicin at the same concentration. According to FICI values, combination of methanolic Z. officinale extract to gentamicin increases bacterial sensitivity to such drugs. Moreover, the Z. officinale extract exhibits strong anti-inflammatory activity. The GC-MS analysis of Z. officinale extract exhibits 17 different chemical compounds. Conclusions: The Z. officinale extract contain the anti-inflammatory compound gingerol as the main constituent which inhibits the growth of H. pylori and its biofilm, are a promising natural therapeutic alternative or enhance antibiotics activity