bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Real-Time Local Shear-Wave Splitting Measurement: Application to the Vicinity of the Baihetan Hydropower Plant
Authors: Han Xuefei , Li Zefeng , Liu Feng , Li Junlun , Yao Huajian
Published: January 2025

Local shear-wave splitting (SWS) measurements can be potentially used to monitor changes in upper crustal anisotropy over time. However, its real-time implementation is not yet available due to the sophisticated measurement procedure. Here, we integrate a fully automated workflow of local SWS measurement into a 4G telemetric nodal seismometer system. This system has operated since October 2021 to monitor seismicity near the Baihetan hydropower plant in southwestern China. We validate the system by retrospective evaluation on the reliability and interpretability of the automated measurements. Most fast-wave polarization directions align with the regional maximum horizontal stress and the nearby fault trends, generally consistent with previous observations. Five stations near the Zemuhe and Xiaojiang faults show a nearly 90° flip in the fast direction during the transition from low to high water storage in the Baihetan plant. Future improvement of this real-time SWS system is to narrow down the analysis with only repeating earthquakes or earthquake clusters, which is anticipated to better facilitate time-lapse seismic monitoring of anisotropic structures and stress changes in the upper crust.
Payment Innovations Offered by Banks and PayTechs – Which of Them Better Meet Consumer Needs?
Authors: Huterska Agnieszka Anna
Published: January 2025

Theoretical background: The motivation behind research into perceptions of the quality of payment services provided by banks and PayTech companies was the observed increasing competition between banks and FinTech players resulting from technological (cryptography, decentralised finance) and regulatory (PSD2) changes.

Purpose of the article: The aim of this article is to assess how demographic and socio-economic characteristics, as well as cultural backgrounds influence consumers’ perceptions of the quality of services provided by both banks and non-bank payment services providers.

Research methods: The study used the results of a survey carried out under National Science Centre grant No. 2017/26/E/HS4/00858. It was conducted using the CAWI method among internet users from 22 European countries between July and August 2020, with a sample size of 5,504 respondents. In the paper, 4,879 responses were included due to some people omitting non obligatory questions. Quality variables models were also used to assess the impact of consumer characteristics on the evaluation of the quality of services provided.

Main findings: The analysis carried out shows that for 41.1% of the respondents banks were better as providers of in-store mobile payments and for as many as 58.9% as providers of online payments. The research also allowed the author to assess how consumer characteristics such as age, gender, level of education, level of income, and country of residence affect their perception of the quality of payment services provided by the entities in question. The characteristic that most strongly influenced respondents’ opinion that there are companies that can provide them with better payment solutions than those offered by banks is age. This opinion was most often expressed by respondents under the age of 34. The results of the research indicate that banks need to compete more intensively with PayTech companies for young customers if they want to remain competitive.
Implementasi Pendekatan Culturally Responsive Teaching dan Teaching at The Right Level pada Mata Pelajaran Bahasa Indonesia Kelas 2 SD
Authors: Rahma Selin Dita , Yuniawatika Yuniawatika , Mediyawati Endah
Published: January 2025

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan dan menganalisis penerapan dua pendekatan pembelajaran, yaitu Teaching at the Right Level (TaRL) dan Culturally Responsive Teaching (CRT), dalam pembelajaran Bahasa Indonesia pada materi kalimat imbauan dan ajakan. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada 27 siswa kelas 2 SD Laboratorium UM. Data dikumpulkan melalui dokumentasi, wawancara, observasi, dan implementasi pembelajaran. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penerapan pendekatan TaRL dan CRT dapat meningkatkan keterlibatan siswa dalam pembelajaran. Pendekatan ini membantu guru memahami kebutuhan belajar individu siswa dan mengaitkan materi dengan budaya lokal, sehingga siswa lebih antusias dan terlibat aktif. Selain itu, kelancaran proses pembelajaran mengindikasikan bahwa kedua pendekatan tersebut diterapkan dengan baik, menciptakan suasana yang kondusif. Hasil implementasi menunjukkan peningkatan minat belajar siswa dan kemampuan mereka dalam menyusun kalimat imbauan dan ajakan yang sesuai dengan konteks. Secara keseluruhan, penelitian ini menegaskan bahwa kombinasi TaRL dan CRT dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa. Pendekatan ini tidak hanya menyesuaikan pembelajaran dengan kemampuan siswa, tetapi juga memastikan relevansi materi dengan latar belakang budaya mereka, menciptakan pengalaman belajar yang lebih bermakna dan interaktif.
Merawat Harmonisasi Nilai Kebhinekaan melalui Penghayatan Makna Relief Kinara-Kinari pada Candi Badut
Authors: Mohendra Ariswan Adi , Ilmi Imas Khoriul , Iswanda Shania Mauludiya , Widiadi Aditya Nugroho
Published: January 2025

Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mengungkap nilai kebhinekaan dan toleransi yang terkandung dalam relief Kinara-Kinari pada Candi Badut di Malang. Relief ini menggambarkan dua sosok burung berkepala manusia yang menjaga Kalpataru, simbol pohon kehidupan, yang melambangkan keharmonisan dalam kehidupan. Hal ini penting agar generasi muda, sebagai agen perubahan, tidak terjebak dalam konflik yang dapat menyebabkan perpecahan di tengah keberagaman Indonesia. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan studi pustaka dan dokumentasi sebagai sumber data, yang kemudian dianalisis untuk disajikan dalam bentuk tulisan sistematis. Candi Badut memiliki keunikan tersendiri dibandingkan candi-candi lain di Jawa Timur, salah satunya adalah langgam Jawa Tengah yang terlihat pada relief Kinara-Kinari. Relief tersebut terletak di beberapa bagian candi, seperti pipi tangga dan sisi kanan kiri badan candi. Berbeda dengan relief pada candi di Jawa Tengah, relief Kinara-Kinari di Candi Badut digambarkan terpisah dan tidak mengapit objek, dengan tampilan samping yang datar. Temuan ini menunjukkan pentingnya memahami makna-makna yang terkandung dalam relief tersebut, yang dapat menanamkan nilai kebhinekaan, kesetaraan, dan keharmonisan bagi masyarakat Indonesia yang beragam.
Educación Superior Técnico Profesional en tiempos de pandemia: efectos de la educación a distancia
Authors: Figueroa-Lagos Claudio , King-Domínguez Andrea , García Flores Virginia , Améstica-Rivas Luis
Published: January 2025

La educación superior técnico profesional (ESTP) ha tenido un desafío mayor en esta pandemia Covid 19, ya que su proceso enseñanza aprendizaje radica en la oferta de carreras de menor duración, con una alta especialización de trabajo práctico para los estudiantes y fuertemente articulada con el aparato productivo. A partir de un estudio de caso de una institución privada de la región de Ñuble - Chile, se indagaron los efectos de la educación a distancia, aplicando una encuesta a 163 estudiantes de cursos superiores, 49 docentes y 7 directivos superiores. Se obtuvo una validación del instrumento de evaluación con un alfa de Cronbach superior a 0,75 en los tres casos, midiendo aspectos tecnológicos, psicológicos y de enseñanza. Entre los resultados a destacar, se puede evidenciar que los estudiantes lograron la transmisión de contenidos, no afectándose el aprendizaje gracias a la tecnología disponible. Sin embargo, presentaron estados de tristeza y melancolía en forma frecuente, con un marcado desgaste personal y emocional. Por su parte, los docentes lograron cumplir con la transmisión de contenidos teóricos, pero con episodios de tristeza, ansiedad y estados de desmotivación. En tanto, los directivos cumplieron cabalmente con las metas propuestas durante esta crisis.
Apagamento do patrimônio cultural no processo de avaliação de impacto ambiental: análise da memória do “Padre Preto”
Authors: Gomes de Souza Junior Ednilson , Teixeira Simonne
Published: January 2025

During the environmental licensing for infrastructure projects such as hydropower plants, it is common that the debate on social impacts revolves around the resettlement of affected populations. The impacts on cultural heritage are less discussed but equally important in the context of the Small Hydropower Plant (SHP) Saltinho do Itabapoana, in Bom Jesus do Itabapoana, Rio de Janeiro. If constructed, the SHP will impact an important heritage of the region, namely, the memory of ‘Padre Preto,’ whose history was overlooked in the socio-environmental studies. Building on this context, this article seeks to analyze how the topic was addressed in the licensing of the mentioned power plant. The evaluation of environmental studies and the licensing process suggests an attempt to manipulate information by the developers; it aims at reducing barriers to obtaining environmental licenses and obscure the memory of communities, thus constituting the existence of a socio-environmental conflict.
Effect of Nanoparticle Addition on Biohydrogen Production
Authors: Karabey Burçin , Uçarkuş Candan , Özdemir Güven , Azbar Nuri
Published: January 2025

Rapid population growth and consumption lead to an increased demand for energy. Fossil fuels as the most
dominant resources used for energy production are depleting, and more importantly, their combustion leads to
the release of carbon dioxide (CO 2 ), triggering global warming and climate change. Therefore, recent studies
have been focusing intensively on increasing the production of green hydrogen as a clean alternative [1-
2].Parallel to these efforts, bio-hydrogen has also been gaining significant attention.
In this study, high temperature (110°C for 10 minutes), acidic conditions (pH 2-5.5), and nanoparticle
addition (magnetite nanoparticle; obtained from Ege University, Faculty of Science, Department of
Biochemistry) methods were tested for enhancing the biohydrogen production. For this purpose, initially, the
sludge was autoclaved at 110°C for 10 minutes. Following these pretreatment steps, four different trial sets
(R1: pH 5.5, R2: pH 5.5 + 5mg/L Fe 3 O 4 NP, R3: pH 7, R4: pH 7 + 5mg/L Fe 3 O 4 NP) were established to
investigate biohydrogen production. The reactors were operated under static conditions at 38°C with fed-
batch using 2-4 g COD/day substrate load. The volumetric contents of the produced biogas were determined
by sampling of headspace gases and analyzed using gas chromatography (GC).
According to the results, while reactors R1 and R2 produced a maximum volumetric percentage of
biohydrogen of 10-15%, reactors R3 and R4 reached levels of 30% (on day 11) and 32% (on day 7),
respectively. These results indicated that the acidification pretreatment did not increase hydrogen yield;
however, the addition of nanoparticles under neutral conditions significantly improved biohydrogen
production (compared to the control group) at earlier stages.
Synthesis and Characterisation of Small Thiophene Analogues for Organic Photovoltaic Cell Applications
Authors: Swetha Odiveedu , Pai Maya , Yallur Basappa , Patil Archana R. , Adiumule Vinayak , Batakurki Sheetal R. , Kusnoor Raviraj
Published: January 2025

With an increase in the energy crises, it is vital to find substitute sources of energy. Various sources of alternative renewable sources are being developed. Due to its semiconductor properties, silicon is the metal of choice for manufacturing solar cells. Though silicon-based solar cells are commercialised globally, the cost involved in mining purified silicon is high, causing hindrances in the usage of silicon-based solar cells. Hence, second-generation solar cells, consisting of organic polymers are preferred. However, the stability and efficiency of polymer-based solar cells is still a challenge. Many inorganic semiconductor materials having greater efficiency are being manufactured. However, manufacturing processes, on the other hand, are both material and method-intensive. As a result, Organic-Based Photovoltaic (OPV) cells are gaining popularity because of their potential for low-cost solar energy collection and the abundance and ease of handling organic materials. The present research focuses on developing low-cost, flexible organic semiconductor materials with unique properties including flexibility, lightness, nontoxicity and transparency as well as large-area OPV panels that can be produced with inexpensive methods of solution processing. These benefits suggest that they have a wide range of applications and complement classic silicon-based OPV cells. Their excellent light harvesting, natural charge transport behaviour and structural adaptability, thiophene-based conjugated systems have sparked a lot of attention in the development of high-performance organic solar cells. As a result, fused thiophenes and their analogues have been synthesised for use as organic semiconductor materials in OPVs, and they have been characterised using1 Proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (HNMR), Ultra Violet (UV)-Visible Spectrophotometer and the Tauc equation and graphs. The band gap of each analogue has been determined. Further, the synthesised compounds are characterised for photovoltaic applications using I-V characterisation techniques.
Synthesis and Optical Properties of Newly Synthesized 3,3’-((4-Methoxyphenyl) Methylene) Bis(4-Hydroxy-2H-Chromen-2-One) Molecule
Authors: Venugopala N. , Meera B. N. , Sucheta M. , Pramod A. G. , Renuka C. G.
Published: January 2025

In this report, a facile and efficient protocol has been followed for the synthesis of novel 3,3’-((4-methoxyphenyl)methylene) bis(4-hydroxy-2H-chromen-2-one) via a one pot reaction of aryl aldehydes with 4-hydroxycoumarin and in the presence of ethanol at 800C. The synthesized molecule is being further tested for structural confirmation with nuclear magnetic resonance and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopic technique. From the obtained result of 1H NMR spectroscopy it has been confirmed that the synthesized molecule is stable with ten electron signal. The optical absorption measurement was carried out in order determine the optical property of the synthesized molecule such as the bandgap and molar extinction coefficient. Further the bond angles and bond lengths of the molecule was estimated theoretically using a software in order to confirm the structure with the experimental result. From over all outcomes the molecule exhibited a considerable result in order to derive the optical device application.
Studies on Detecting Plant Leaf Disease Using KNN Classifier and Severity Measurement
Authors: Sinthuja M. , Raja S. Pravinth , Akshaya V. S. , Madhushree M.
Published: January 2025

Food is one of the most basic needs of living beings. It is very essential to grow a sufficient quantity of crops to cope with the growing population. With time, it is seen that plants are being affected by various kinds of diseases. Different plant diseases are a major influence on agricultural output limitations, and they are generally difficult to control. As a result, early detection of plant diseases is crucial for avoiding output losses and improving the quality of agricultural goods. This research paper proposes a method to detect and classify the disease on plant leaves with a severity measurement for the grading system. The paper describes a machine learning-based detection and classification of diseases like early blight and late blight on "potato leaf" using the KNN classifier. Our research focuses on a rigorous examination of potato plant disease segmentation approaches.
A Review on Available Herbal Coagulants for Grey Water Treatment in India
Authors: Gunasheela K. N. , Venkatesha Raju K. , Ramakrishnan Mani
Published: January 2025

Coagulation is a crucial and simple technique to purify water and wastewater as well as to utilize point-of-use solutions. The popularity of Herbal coagulants has increased in recent times due to their numerous benefits and their ability to address many of the problems associated with chemical coagulants. Research and evaluations have shown that plant-based coagulants are a viable and sustainable substitute to chemical coagulants. This review paper reveals about major plant-based coagulants that are most popularly used in grey water treatment in recent years. Additionally, information on the effectiveness of herbal coagulants at removing impurities from grey water is provided. Herbal coagulants present several key advantages: they are environmentally friendly, cost-effective, pose fewer health risks, and provide a viable alternative to chemical coagulants. Significant drawbacks are increasing the microbial activity and amount of organic matter in the water
Unique Studies of Butterfly Graph
Authors: Srinivasa G. , Baskar P. , Reddy M. Girinath , Ramesh N. L. , Dinesh P. A.
Published: January 2025

Butterfly distribution plays a very important role while mining metals and fuels in various ways. Availability of metals, minerals, fuels can be found using the techniques/studies of Butterfly graph. We investigate the unique studies of Butterfly graph like its Characteristic polynomial, Complement, Graph Indices, Discrete Fourier transform of Diameter, Girth, Vertex connectivity and Edge connectivity using Fast Fourier Transform algorithm (Butterfly method), QR-Decomposition, its regular stochastic matrix and optimal prefix code of a Butterfly graph.
Unsteady MHD Natural Convection Cu-Water Homogeneous Nanofluid Flow above the Surface with Source/Sink
Authors: Tippa Sowmya , Shilpa B. V.
Published: January 2025

Unsteady magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) free convective flow of single-phase Cu-water nanofluid to study thermal radiation and sink or source of heat over the vertical plate have been considered. It has various range of technological and manufacturing applications. Crank-Nicolson method is applied to obtain dimensionless equations numerically. The effect of several non-dimensional factors such as radiation, dimensionless time, magnetic parameter, solid volume fraction and heat source or sink on temperature and velocity profiles have been investigated. The present numerical work is verified with experimental correlation results of regular fluid for average Nusselt number and are coinciding accurately.
Consumer Perception of Consumption of Organic Food Products: Evidence from Karnataka
Authors: Roopashree B. R. , Rizwana M.
Published: January 2025

The food market in India is one the biggest market growing at the faster pace. Economic and political stability has enhanced the economic growth making India as most promising market for the future investments in all the sectors especially food industry. The innovations in terms of food products, packaging, and enhancement of self-life are the major drivers leading to such robust growth. Ecological changes, increasing health ailments being significant contributors to the strengthening of Organic Food Industry across the globe. Numerous factors contribute to the low penetration of organic products, some of which are internal to consumers and others of which are external. Among the internal issues are a lack of information, authenticity and vivacious perceptions about the organic food products. Consumers have perceived organic food products; costly, meant for working (higher income) class people, authenticity and quality assurance, limited availability of products, and claims & certifications in usual retail establishments. Having said this, current research focuses to ascertain the perceived perception of consumers and its impact on consumption of organic food products and to identify the challenges (hindrances) and its impact on consumption of Organic Food Products in Karnataka with special reference to Bengaluru.
Effect of N-, S- and O-Substitutions of Isophthalic Acid Derivatives on their Binding Properties: An In-Silico Approach
Authors: Prathibha K. N. , Nagesh B. V. , Yallur Basappa C. , Veeresha T. M. , Batakurki Sheetal R. , Manjunatha D. H. , Patil Archana R. , Adimule Vinayak M.
Published: January 2025

The fuel industry, particularly the petroleum industry, uses organic compounds for different reasons to improve fuels to obtain the desired products. This review studies the binding of organic molecules with a protein. Binding studies of the N-, S- and O-substitutions of Isophthalic acid derivatives with COVID-19 protein were examined by molecular docking approach. In investigations using molecular docking, the ligand is attached to the protein's binding pocket in various ways, yielding crucial information regarding the binding site and method. Molecular docking experiments were performed to comprehend how Isophthalic acid derivatives and COVID-19 protein interactions take place. The docking research was conducted using Autodock 4.2.5. Auto Dock forecasts the binding conformations of flexible ligands to bio-macromolecular targets via the Lamarckian genetic technique. The technique involved adding Kollman charges and polar hydrogen to the ligand and protein molecules to produce the PDBQT files and combining non-polar bonds to produce molecular probes. To perform conformational search and docking simulation, the Lamarckian Genetic Algorithm (LGA) was chosen. PyMOL was used as a visualising tool. It was found that the principal binding forces in the interaction between Isophthalic acid derivatives and selected proteins were hydrophobic interactions and hydrogen bonding. The molecular probe's ideal form revealed the affinity as a release of freebinding energy. The current research report aims to highlight the approachable nature of derivatives of isophthalic acid and paves the way for focused biological interactions.
Exploring the Electronic Properties of 4,6-dimethyl-2H-chromen-2-one Substitute Coumarin Derivative via DFT Analysis
Authors: Latha A. L. , Sudha Ramani , Khan Misbhahuddin , Lohit  , Shanthanam Radha Rammohan , Naik Lohit , Yao Yin , Kapelyushin Yury , Mbohwa Charles , Pasha U. Mahaboob
Published: January 2025

In this study, we investigated the photophysical properties of 1H-imidazole substituted coumarin derivatives, specifically 4-((2-(1H-imidazol-1-yl)-1-(2-oxo-2H-chromen-3-yl)ethoxy)methyl)-6-methyl-2H-chromen-2-one (2HOE), using Density Functional Theory (DFT). The optimized bond lengths, angles, and dihedral angles of 2HOE were estimated with the DFT-B3LYP-6-311G basis set. The calculated crucial parameters such as the highest occupied molecular orbital and lowest unoccupied molecular orbital gap, solvation energy, ionization potential, electron affinity, chemical hardness, electron chemical potential, electronegativity, and global electrophilicity in different mediums to gain insights into the compound's behavior. Additionally, we estimated the molecular electrostatic potential map, total electron density, and electrostatic potential of the 2HOE molecule to study its nucleophilic and electrophilic regions. Understanding the structural, electronic, and optical properties of this compound provides valuable insights into its behavior across various mediums, with significant implications for potential biological applications.
Risks and Development Strategies of Cavendish Banana Agribusiness at PT Vinda Abadi Sejahtera, Bojonegoro Regency
Authors: Rofiah Zainur , Harisudin Mohamad , Riptanti Erlyna Wida
Published: January 2025

This study analyzes the risk level of Cavendish banana agribusiness at PT Vinda Abadi Sejahtera, identifies the root causes of risks, and formulates agribusiness development strategies. The research was conducted descriptively with a purposive sampling approach at relevant locations. Data were collected through in-depth interviews and analyzed using the coefficient of variation to measure risk levels, the fishbone diagram for identifying root causes, and the SWOT matrix to formulate development strategies. The results show that PT Vinda Abadi Sejahtera faces low business risk, with a coefficient of variation below 10%, despite challenges in production, marketing, and management. The main risks include fruit damage due to inadequate storage, limited ripening facilities, and insufficient skills among partner farmers in handling harvested crops. The fishbone analysis identified risk factors related to human resources, methods, materials, environment, and technology. Meanwhile, the SWOT analysis placed the company in Quadrant I, enabling the implementation of strategies such as vertical integration, product diversification, and partnership optimization. The formulated development strategies are expected to help the company mitigate risks, enhance agribusiness sustainability, strengthen market competitiveness, and provide benefits to partner farmers in Bojonegoro Regency.
Thyroid Dysfunction in Patients with Metabolic Syndrome with special reference to Diabetes Mellitus
Authors:   Professor & HOD, Dept. of General Medicine, Govt. T.D. Medical College, Alappuzha, Raghavan Dr Suresh
Published: January 2025

Introduction
Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a significant global
contributor to health complications and mortality
across various populations. Thyroid disorders are
prevalent within the general population, ranking
as the second most common endocrine condition.
It is not unusual for individuals to experience both
thyroid dysfunction and diabetes simultaneously.
Emerging research highlights a complex interplay
between thyroid hormones (TH), mechanisms
regulating appetite and energy expenditure, and
the modulation of insulin sensitivity and secretion.
There is growing evidence that insulin sensitivity
and medications targeting it can influence thyroid
growth and function. A clearer understanding of
the relationship between DM and thyroid
hormones is essential to enhance the management
and treatment of diabetes.
Pretty Powerful? Self-Representations of Top German, British and Russian Female Olympic Boxers on Instagram  
Authors: Heidemann Marthe , Hartmann-Tews Ilse
Published: January 2025

For a long time, boxing clubs were exclusively male spaces, but this has changed in recent decades; women have taken up the sport and begun to establish themselves within its structures. However, there is a tension between their embodiment as boxers and the traditional embodiment of women. While researchers have long noted a ‘female apologetic’—that is, athletes feeling the need to compensate for their athleticism by emphasising their femininity—recent research shows that new notions of femininity are emerging that combine strength and elements of traditional femininity. Informed by Bartky’s theory, a visual narrative inquiry is conducted to examine Instagram accounts of members of the German, British and Russian national Olympic boxing teams. Five narratives are identified that are central for all three countries but also reveal national differences. The study shows that boxers have agency in terms of their self-representations and their conceptions of alternative femininities.
Wydzielanie petrofacji na podstawie wyników analiz NMR dla skał z różnych basenów sedymentacyjnych
Authors:   Instytut Nafty i Gazu – Państwowy Instytut Badawczy, Zagórska Urszula , Hebda Kamil ,   Instytut Nafty i Gazu – Państwowy Instytut Badawczy, Mglej Joanna ,   Instytut Nafty i Gazu – Państwowy Instytut Badawczy
Published: January 2025

Istotnym zadaniem w celu opracowania modelu złoża i szacowania jego zasobów jest wyznaczenie petrofacji skał zdeponowanych w danym basenie sedymentacyjnym. Celem pracy było zidentyfikowanie petrofacji (ang. rock-typing) na podstawie wyników analiz magnetycznego rezonansu jądrowego (NMR). Do badań dobrano skały reprezentujące utwory czerwonego spągowca i miocenu zapadliska przedkarpackiego. Petrofacje wydzielono na podstawie specjalistycznych analiz NMR pozwalających na prawidłowe wyznaczenie porowatości dynamicznej, efektywnej i nasycenia wodą nieredukowalną. Zastosowano metodę analizy skupień z wykorzystaniem algorytmu k-średnich. Dla każdego z basenów sedymentacyjnych wydzielono po cztery petrofacje o zróżnicowanych właściwościach zbiornikowych. W przypadku skał konwencjonalnych czerwonego spągowca wykorzystano takie parametry jak porowatość całkowita (KpNMR), porowatość efektywna (Kpef), porowatość dynamiczna (Kp3), nasycenie wodą nieredukowalną w porowatości całkowitej (Swnr KpNMR), a także przepuszczalność absolutna. Kluczowe parametry najlepiej różnicujące petrofacje to porowatość dynamiczna i nasycenie wodą nieredukowaną. Natomiast skały mioceńskie podzielono w oparciu o zawartość wody w minerałach ilastych (Kp1), zawartość wody w porach <0,03 µm (Kp < 0,03), zawartość wody w porach >0,03 µm (Kp > 0,03), nasycenie wodą nieredukowalną związane z iłami (Swnr_ił) oraz nasycenie wodą nieredukowalną w porach <0,03 µm (Swnr <0,03). Najistotniejsze w wydzieleniu petrofacji okazały się nasycenie wodą nieredukowalną w porach <0,03 μm oraz zawartość wody w porach >0,03 μm. Petrofacje wydzielone w obu basenach sedymentacyjnych są zgodne z typami litologicznymi uzyskanymi na podstawie obserwacji makroskopowych i badań mineralogicznych. Do petrofacji o najkorzystniejszych parametrach (RT1) należą piaskowce średnioziarniste zarówno czerwonego spągowca, jak i miocenu. Najsłabszymi parametrami (petrofacja RT4) cechują się zlepieńce czerwonego spągowca oraz mułowce mioceńskie. Autorzy wykazali, że wyniki uzyskane metodą NMR dobrze charakteryzują najważniejsze dla eksploatacji węglowodorów parametry przestrzeni porowej skał i mogą być podstawą wydzielenia petrofacji dla skał o różnych właściwościach zbiornikowych.
Study of the properties of depressor additive “Difron-3970” and the new composition
Authors:   Azerbaijan State Oil and Industry University, Gurbanov Guseyn R. , Gasimzade Aysel V. ,   Azerbaijan State Oil and Industry University, Abbasova Leili A. ,   Azerbaijan State Oil and Industry University
Published: January 2025

This article is the first to investigate the effect of the depressor additive “Difron-3970” and the new composition with the conventional name A-1 as an original depressor against asphaltene-resin-paraffin deposits and freezing temperature in a highly paraffinic oil sample. Laboratory tests were conducted to examine the effects of “Difron-3970” depressant additive and A-1 composition on asphaltene-resin-paraffin deposits in the absence of reagents using the cold-finger method. Experiments were conducted at temperatures of 0°C, 5°C, 10°C, 15°C, 20°C, 25°C and 30°C for a period of two hours and the mass of paraffin deposits collected on the tube surface was then determined using an analytical balance. It was determined that, in all three cases, the amount of paraffin deposits increased over time, but decreased as temperature rose. The effectiveness of the “Difron-3970” depressant additive and the new composition A-1 was evaluated at concentrations of 350, 450, 550, 650, 750 g/t. In comparison to the depressant additive, the A-1 composition demonstrated superior efficacy against paraffin deposits in experiments conducted using the cold-finger method, resulting in a significant reduction. Based on the results of numerous experiments carried out using the cold-finger method, the efficiency of both reagents at the temperature of 5°C was mathematically calculated, and their effectiveness against paraffin precipitation was determined. At the optimal concentration of 750 g/t, the effectiveness rates of “Difron-3970” and the A-1 composition against paraffin precipitation over 120 minutes were 90.8% and 95%, respectively. The percentages of asphaltene, resin and paraffins in oil deposits were determined. It was observed that asphaltene and resin levels increase in deposits formed at higher temperatures in the cold-finger over extended periods, while paraffin levels decrease. The impact of “Difron-3970” and A-1 composition on the freezing point was also determined showing that, at optimal concentrations, the oil’s freezing temperature dropped from +18°C to –1°C and –5°C, respectively. Additionally, the effect of A-1 composition on the growth rate of sulfate-reducing bacteria in Postgate-B nutrient medium was studied over fifteen days. The bactericidal effect of the composition at different concentrations was calculated based on the change in the concentration of biogenic hydrogen sulfide in the medium. It was found that the bactericidal effect of A-1composition at concentrations of 350, 450, 550, 650, 750 g/t ranged from 26–62%, 29–68%, 41–77%, 48–89%, 55–98%, respectively.
Simulation of direct dimethyl ether (DME) synthesis using existing methanol production infrastructure in Arzew, Algeria
Authors:   Abdelhamid Ibn Badis University, Algeria, Sidi-Yacoub Ilhem , Feddag Ahmed ,   Abdelhamid Ibn Badis University, Algeria, Khelifa Ikram ,   Abdelhamid Ibn Badis University, Algeria
Published: January 2025

This study investigates the direct synthesis of dimethyl ether (DME) from syngas using the existing methanol production infrastructure at the Methanol and Synthetic Resins complex in Arzew, Algeria. The primary objective is to assess the feasibility of repurposing the adiabatic multiphase fixed-bed methanol production reactor for DME production while maintaining the original reactor dimensions, flow conditions, syngas composition, as well as temperature and pressure parameters used in methanol production. The research introduced a significant modification by replacing the initial copper oxide-based catalyst with a hybrid catalyst composed of γ-alumina and CuO/ZnO/Al2O3. This catalyst enables the direct production of DME from syngas, which is a mixture of carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, and hydrogen. The study employed simulation models using Aspen-HYSYS V11 to predict DME productivity, manage the high temperatures resulting from exothermic reactions in each catalyst bed, and determine the required quench gas injection for temperature reduction. The simulation results indicated an overall DME yield of 2.81%, which is comparable to the methanol production rate of 3%. Further simulations with recycling stages increased the crude DME mass to 4.11%. These findings highlight the potential of using the current infrastructure to improve profitability and time efficiency in producing this alternative fuel.
An investigation on the effects of Hibiscus sabdariffa L. on haemoglobin levels of phenylhydrazine induced anaemia in mice
Authors: Pangson Isaac , Kaimila Yankho
Published: January 2025

With Sub-Saharan Africa having the highest prevalence of anaemia globally and an unequitable access to health care, traditional medicines are used by some of the population for treatment. Hibiscus sabdariffa L. (HS) is known to have medicinal applications including its use in the treatment of anaemia. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of HS on the haemoglobin levels in anaemic mice. 15 mice were divided into 3 groups; group A was the control group while groups B and C were the experimental groups in whom anaemia was induced using phenylhydrazine. Only group C received oral administration of HS at 400 mg/kg. Blood was collected at the tail vein and analysed using a hemocue. HS iron content was assessed using an atomic absorption spectrometer. The mean iron content for HS was 6.3 ± 0.6 mg/L. No significant difference was observed in the mean haemoglobin levels between groups A and B, 14.88 g/dl vs 13.78 g/dl respectively, (p = 0.359). Higher haemoglobin levels were observed when group C (17.46 g/dl) was compared with group A (p = 0.005) and group B (p = 0.001). These findings suggest the efficacy of HS in improving haemoglobin levels in anaemia. Further investigations on doses and mechanism are needed before recommendation for human consumption.
Análise de políticas educacionais no contexto da prática da EPT no ensino médio nos IFs
Authors: Cruz Sobrinho Sidinei
Published: January 2025

O artigo discute, criticamente, a problemática em torno da “análise” versus “avaliação” de políticas educacionais para a juventude na atuação política no contexto da prática da educação profissional tecnológica [EPT] no ensino médio nos Institutos Federais [IFs]. Nesse sentido, a pesquisa considera como os IFs, em nível nacional, têm feito a análise da política de EPT, principalmente em relação às muitas reformas na educação básica com ênfase no Ensino Médio articulado à Educação Profissional. A pesquisa aborda a problemática no contexto macro nacional e em relação às ideologias neoliberais impressas no modelo de avaliação de políticas educacionais sob critérios de governança, eficácia e eficiência. O texto analisa a política educacional em questão com fundamentação teórica em Ball, Dardot, Laval, Frigotto, Hipólito, Silva, et al. A pesquisa realiza uma análise hermenêutica da legislação normativa da política educacional e revisão bibliográfica da base teórica estudada. O estudo conclui apresentando a aproximação dos IFs às políticas neoliberais de reformas do ensino médio, bem como expõe provocações e sugestões de novas estratégias de políticas e de consideração do contexto dos efeitos.
Novo Ensino Médio em Santa Catarina: implicações do Componente Curricular Eletivo Educação Empreendedora no processo formativo das juventudes
Authors: Santos Aline Daniel dos , Santos Franciele Soares dos
Published: January 2025

Este trabalho resulta de uma pesquisa que buscou analisar as implicações do Componente Curricular Eletivo (CCE) Educação Empreendedora no processo formativo das juventudes do Novo Ensino Médio de uma escola pública de Santa Catarina. Utilizou-se como metodologia o materialismo histórico e dialético, a partir de uma abordagem qualitativa, do tipo estudo de caso, com o desenvolvimento de análises bibliográficas e documentais. Buscou-se caracterizar como ocorreu a implementação desse CCE na escola selecionada, bem como analisar a compreensão de professores e jovens com relação às implicações da educação empreendedora em sua formação. Para tanto, entrevistaram-se a professora que lecionou o CCE Educação Empreendedora e 28 estudantes que cursaram tal componente, criando um espaço de escuta para esses sujeitos. Como resultados, demonstra-se que a contrarreforma do Ensino Médio apresenta fragmentação e o esvaziamento dos conhecimentos científicos e a fragilidade na formação para as juventudes da classe trabalhadora. Nesse contexto, o empreendedorismo se alastra no âmbito educacional, configurando-se como uma proposta do capital para formação das juventudes da classe trabalhadora, em um discurso que aproxima e legitima a integração do trabalhador com o trabalho precário, induzindo a formação de novas subjetividades, as quais atendam às demandas do capital. Por fim, compreende-se que, por trás do discurso do “novo” Ensino Médio, emergem interesses antigos de favorecimento em prol do empresariado, por meio de parcerias público-privadas que buscam conduzir as juventudes da classe trabalhadora à conformação, precarizando a sua formação, atingindo também outro objetivo, o de fazer a contenção do acesso ao Ensino Superior.
A colonialidade do saber/ser no currículo do Ensino Médio: desafios da docência na Amazônia Acreana
Authors: Machado Tânia Mara Rezende , Morais Beatriz França de , Lima Klebe Miranda de
Published: January 2025

Este estudo visa responder ao seguinte problema: quais elementos de colonialidade do saber/ser figura no Currículo do Ensino Médio da Amazônia Acreana? Nesse sentido, o objetivo desta pesquisa consiste em analisar a presença/ausência da colonialidade do saber/ser do Estado do Acre a partir do Currículo de Referência Único do Acre - CRUA no Ensino Médio – E.M. Para concretizar esse objetivo, realizamos uma pesquisa documental e bibliográfica centrada nas categorias de colonialidade do poder e cotidiano escolar tendo como referencial teórico-metodológico de análise os textos de Quijano (2005); Alves (2003) e o Currículo do Estado do Acre (CRUA) com ênfase nas epistemologias que fundamentam e subsidiam a construção deste documento no que se refere à presença/ausência dos elementos de colonialidade do saber/ser e apontar como essas podem se manifestar em possíveis práticas curriculares no E.M. Assim, esse trabalho está organizando em três seções temáticas, que são: 1) A colonialidade do saber/ser e suas relações com a organização curricular da escola a partir do CRUA; 2) Os cotidianos escolares e as práxis de ensino emancipadoras para uma educação escolar popular e não-hegemônica; e, por fim 3) As Práticas Curriculares Cotidianas e a Colonialidade do Saber/ser no Ensino Médio: os desafios da docência na Amazônia acreana e uma postura crítico-decolonial. O estudo apontou que existem elementos de colonialidade do saber/ser que aparecem, ainda que implicitamente, nas configurações da organização curricular do Ensino Médio na Amazônia Acreana e propõe como alternativa possível de se desvencilhar dessas relações coloniais e os desafios impostos por elas, uma postura crítico-decolonial nas práticas educativas cotidianas da escola por parte dos docentes.
O Ensino de Filosofia no Ensino Integrado: apontamentos no contexto da BNCC
Authors: Jeronimo Maria Keila , Menezes Antônio Basílio Novaes Thomaz de
Published: January 2025

Este trabalho trata sobre o ensino de Filosofia no ensino integrado em uma instituição pública da rede Federal de Educação. Historicamente o ensino de filosofia é impactado mediante as reformas educativas nesse nível de ensino. Com a recente reforma na educação básica, a partir da Lei nº 13.415/ 2017 (Brasil, 2017), todo o contexto educacional nas escolas privadas e públicas, no âmbito federal, estadual e municipal estão passando por readequação com base nessa normativa curricular. Por isso, coloca-se o seguinte questionamento: quais as implicações que a nova Base Nacional Comum Curricular - BNCC confere ao ensino de Filosofia no ensino integrado? Para elucidar essa indagação, recorremos à pesquisa qualitativa. Metodologicamente partimos de um estudo bibliográfico e pesquisa documental. De acordo com os documentos oficiais analisados, percebemos que houve uma diminuição do espaço destinado às disciplinas propedêuticas, dentre elas, a Filosofia, objeto deste estudo. Essa redução representa uma regressão e impasse para a formação integral e emancipatória.
Centros Educa Mais e suas orientações: entre passos e contrapassos
Authors: Utta Ádria Karoline Souza de Aquino , Portela Edinólia Lima
Published: January 2025

Pesquisa documental que caminha pela abordagem crítica de educação, em que objetivamos analisar os documentos mais relevantes que serviram de suporte para a implantação e desenvolvimento dos Centros Educa Mais, unidades de Ensino do Médio da educação integral do Maranhão, insurgida a partir da Macropolítica Escola Digna, em 2015. Escrutinamos os documentos na perspectiva de identificar as matrizes teórico-metodológicas que os sustentam e assim compreender as concepções de educação que subjaz a eles. Para tanto, nos debruçamos sobre a Lei nº 10.995/2019, que instituiu a Macropolítica Escola Digna, e sobre documentos como a Proposta Pedagógica das Escolas de Tempo Integral do Maranhão, Cadernos de Formação do Instituto Corresponsabilidade pela Educação (ICE), Diretrizes Operacionais 2021, e o pensamento de Paulo Freire (2001, 2007, 2017, 2021), Dino & Camarão (2021), Guba e Lincoln (1981). Concluímos que os documentos em questão se apoiam em matrizes teórico-metodológicas distintas, que ideologicamente não concorrem para o mesmo fim e que, apesar do avanço de mentalidade dos idealizadores da Macropolítica, que se embasa sobretudo nos princípios educativos de Paulo Freire, portanto, em uma concepção de educação contra-hegemônica, os documentos que orientam a efetivação e a materialidade da educação na escola, a gestão e trabalho docente revelam-se hegemônicos e coadunam com as abordagens economicistas.
Conversa com Valdirene Alves de Oliveira, atual Coordenadora-Geral de Ensino Médio do Ministério da Educação
Authors: Rodrigues Ana Cláudia da Silva , Süssekind Maria Luiza
Published: January 2025

Ao propormos o dossiê “‘Num cemitério de sonhos... Graças a leis, planos’: políticaspráticas curriculares para as juventudes e as propostas para o Ensino Médio no Brasil”, pretendemos ampliar o debate sobre as condições de existência das juventudes no País e sobre como esse tema tem permeado as discussões de jovens, pesquisadores, empresários, elaboradores de políticas, meios de comunicação de massa e comunidades escolares. Sabemos que a discussão é recente e só entrou na pauta das políticas governamentais a partir da década de 1990. Nos últimos anos, porém, impõe-se a necessidade de ações mais efetivas para essa parcela da população, principalmente nas áreas de educação, saúde, trabalho, moradia, arte, cultura e segurança pública. Por isso, convidamos a professora Valdirene Alves de Oliveira para uma conversa sobre o tema. Enfatizamos que nossa convidada tem formação acadêmica e profissional na área de educação. A professora tem graduação em Pedagogia pela Unievangélica, mestrado e doutorado em Educação pela Universidade Federal de Goiás (UFG) e pós-doutorado em Educação pela UFG. É efetiva da Universidade Estadual de Goiás (UEG) desde 2012 e atua como docente do quadro permanente do Mestrado em Educação da UEG, na Unidade Universitária de Inhumas (PPGE/|UEG) desde 2020. Foi coordenadora do PPGE/UEG-Inhumas desde junho de 2022 até maio de 2023. Atualmente é Coordenadora-Geral do Ensino Médio (COGEM) na Secretaria da Educação Básica (SEB) no Ministério da Educação (MEC) desde maio de 2023. Tem experiência na área de Educação, com ênfase em política educacional, atuando principalmente nos seguintes temas: Ensino Médio, políticas educacionais e formação docente. Durante nossa conversa, temas como direitos, qualidade, juventudes, políticas e poder foram atravessados por questões sobre desigualdades e exclusões, que transbordaram em outros enredamentos sobre mobilizações, resistências e ocupações, instigando-nos a continuar na luta, conforme conclama Emicida (2014): “levanta e anda, vai, levanta e anda, vai, levanta e anda, somos maior, nos basta só sonhar, seguir”.
Land and Property Taxation to Finance Urban Development in Somaliland: Challenges and Prospects for Reform
Authors: Chen Deanndre
Published: January 2025

Despite significant economic growth, particularly in the construction sector, Somaliland faces substantial public infrastructure deficits, which hinder further economic progress and increase business costs. Critical infrastructure needs and the low base of essential public goods provision highlight the need for the government to establish stronger fiscal foundations, particularly at the local level in urban areas. Impressive efforts at establishing an independent fiscal base have occurred in the face of limited international investment and support following independence and a lack of international recognition. Nevertheless, national tax revenues were estimated to be just 7.51 per cent of GDP in 2020, lower than the average for sub-Saharan Africa (14.80 per cent) and low-income countries (11.06 per cent) for the same year.

Property-related revenues, mainly land and property taxes, offer great potential to transform the fiscal and developmental landscape of urban centres and the economic future of Somaliland. They are an ideal revenue source to capitalise on by levying taxes on residential and commercial buildings stemming from the growth in commercial banking, international investments, and property development along the Berbera corridor. Despite this potential, and while urban municipalities have made considerable improvements to their property tax systems in recent years, property-related taxation significantly underperforms its potential. Meaningful gains could be made through reform in order to finance urban development.

This report examines land and property tax systems in Somaliland’s urban municipalities and focuses on the key challenges and reform opportunities to enhance revenue generation. Emphasising the need for strong political commitment, it suggests a way forward for the implementation of progressive tax reform to finance critical urban development and set the foundations for the nation’s ambitions.

Summary of ICTD African Tax Administration Paper 37.