bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Aplikasi Al-Barzanji Nahdlatul Wathan (NW) berbasis Android
Authors:   Universitas Hamzanwadi, Wirasasmita Rasyid Hardi , Uska Muhammad Zamroni ,   Universitas Hamzanwadi, Usuluddin Usuluddin ,   Universitas Hamzanwadi, Muslihun Muslihun ,   Universitas Hamzanwadi
Published: January 2022

Nahdhatul Wathan (NW) is an Islamic mass organization from West Nusa Tenggara, more specifically in East Lombok. One form of love and respect for the NW organization can be realized by reading the sholawat Al-barzanji NW. However, Al-Barzanji books are used mostly by photocopy so that the letters, lines and sentences are less clear. The purpose of this study is 1). generated android-based Al-Barzanji application, 2). know the application based on media experts and 3). Know the user's response to the Android-based Al-Barzanji application for NW organizations. This research uses the ADDIE model with stages of analysis, design, development, implementation and evaluation. The research stage is carried out until the implementation stage with limited-scale trials. Data collection techniques use questionnaires addressed to Media experts and 20 people in User Response. The data analysis technique used is quantitative descriptive. The result of this study is the Android-based Al-Barzanji NW app. Application test results by media experts received a score of 96% (very decent) and user response by 94% (very high category). So, it can be concluded that this application is worth implemented for citizens as one of the media that can be used in reading sholawat al-barzanji.
Rancang Bangun Sistem Informasi Helpdesk IT Support Berbasis Website
Authors:   Universitas Bina Sarana Informatika, Liharja Yosua , Sari Ani Oktarini ,   Universitas Bina Sarana Informatika, Satriansyah Arief ,   Universitas Bina Sarana Informatika
Published: January 2022

The speed of providing services from the IT support department in helping to handle problems related to computer devices or internet or intranet networks in a company is very important in supporting work effectiveness. PT Markindo Rekateknik is a company engaged in marking machines, coding printers and packaging machines. Handling requests for network access or repairing computer equipment is still done manually and this process takes a long time because it needs to get approval from the leadership. This of course can cause problems in the form of missing data reports, difficulty in searching data, and the risk of data loss. And in terms of monitoring access requests and computer and network equipment problems that are often complained of in 1 month, they are not recorded properly, making it difficult for the evaluation process of these obstacles. For this reason, we need a helpdesk system for the IT Support section that is computerized and can be accessed anywhere with an internet connection, so that existing problems can be resolved properly. And the process of monitoring and reporting on access requests and computer and network equipment constraints from submitted complaints can be monitored properly and can be evaluated to find the right solution
Pengembangan Aplikasi Buku Penghubung Berbasis Web Sebagai Media Interaksi Sekolah – Orang Tua
Authors:   Universitas Hamzanwadi, Kuswanto Heri , Dwi Arianti Baiq Desi ,   Universitas Hamzanwadi
Published: January 2022

Communication book is one of supporting instrument of communication mechanism of teacher and parents considered not yet effective. Thus, it is necessary to develop a communication book in the digital environment as a solution to the problem. This study aims to develop communication book applications as a medium of communication between teachers and parents. This research uses research and development (R & D) method with waterfall model approach that focused on efforts to produce a prototype of the product. Stages of research and development include communication, planning, modeling, construction, and deployment. Web-based development product using MVC design pattern concept with YII framework through the testing unit and ISO25010 standard quality. The result of this research and development is a prototype of communication book application as a proof of concept towards the approach used.
Perancangan Augmented Reality (AR) Sebagai Media Promosi Objek Wisata Berbasis Android
Authors:   Politeknik Negeri Lhokseumawe, Dewi Arsy Febrina , Ikbal M. ,   Universitas Islam Kebangsaan Indonesia
Published: January 2022

Tourism is one of the most important things for an area. Interesting and crowded tourism shows the progress of the area. One way to promote tourism is by media promotion. There are many ways that can be used for promotion, one of which is by utilizing information technology based on Augmented Reality (AR). AR is a technology that displays 3D virtual objects into a real environment and builds visualization of 3D images in tourist brochures to be more informative. AR helps users get clearer information about the attractions they want to visit in Langsa city. The use of AR on Android makes the system more accessible to users. Based on trials, the AR system was successfully implemented on the Android system. In addition, camera trials were also carried out based on distance, tilt angle, and lighting when detecting tourist attraction markers. The result is that the camera successfully detects the target image (marker) and generates a 3D animation of a tourist attraction. However, the best results in detecting markers are distances above 15cm at an angle with cloudy sunlight lighting criteria.
Rancangan Album Elektronik Keberkasan Di Era Digital Menuju Good Faculty Governance (Studi Kasus : Fakultas Ilmu Komputer Universitas Esa Unggul)
Authors:   Universitas Esa Unggul, Malabay Malabay , Herwanto Agus ,   Universitas Esa Unggul, Wahyu Sawali ,   Universitas Esa Unggul, Komul Theodora Maria Putri ,   Universitas Esa Unggul
Published: January 2022

The digital era of the application of information technology continues to develop and faces the development of information technology, must be able to follow and adapt to skills and innovations in the form of support for supporting devices to produce such as the design model of an electronic album of files as governance to overcome the unorganized and unsustainable flow of files and their descriptions. as well as the situation of the availability of files for institutional or personal interests and needs that are not yet available on an ongoing basis. The Electronic Album Design for Files in the Digital Era Towards Good Faculty Governance was prepared using a strategic theme and issue approach set out in the Master Plan for Development of the Esa Unggul University and the method used was based on a descriptive qualitative approach by taking into account the study of supporting literature as a basis for discussion and observation or observations that are supported by a tiered paradigm such as the waterfall paradigm with a series of stages such as requirements to analyze complete requirements and determine software requirements then design or design through a diagram form to facilitate the implementation and integration process and system maintenance so that it can run well . With a series of stages from a waterfall paradigm, the process of forming electronic album files can be generated by utilizing a combination of storage techniques in one place and hyperlink techniques to increase work effectiveness and efficiency.
Pengaruh Penerapan Media Interaktif Berbasis Multimedia Untuk Pembelajaran Bahasa Inggris Di MTs. NW Ketangga Menggunakan Algoritma Naïve Bayes
Authors:   Universitas Hamzanwadi, Yahya Yahya , Nur Amri Muliawan ,   Universitas Hamzanwadi
Published: January 2022

The digital era is an era where almost all daily activities are facilitated by the presence of technology. Our entry into the digital era is a sign that old ways will be abandoned which are then replaced with new technologies and ways that are more practical and modern. These changes have changed the perspective and practice of learning in the world of education today. In order to carry out an effective and efficient education, the existence of learning media is very urgent, especially in the future. Moreover, since the COVID-19 virus has paralyzed almost all activities and has had a very large influence on teaching and learning activities at schools. The use of multimedia-based learning media in English lessons is expected to increase enthusiasm and interaction between teachers and students. Given that English has become the language most often used in various countries, both in social life and in the work environment. Learning media will be equipped with animations that will attract the attention of students, as well as with explanations that will make students understand the lesson faster. In addition, there are other additional elements in the form of audio, to make it easier for students to understand the pronunciation or pronunciation of words or sentences in the subject matter. The application of this interactive media will be used as material to obtain data about the effect of interactive media in increasing student understanding. The data collection results were processed using RapidMiner 5.0 Tools and the Naïve Bayes Algorithm. The results of data processing show an accuracy value of 90.96%, which means that the application of interactive media to English subjects in MTs. NW Ketangga is very influential in increasing students' interest and ability in understanding the material presented
Penerapan Model Rapid Application Development (RAD) Dalam Rancang Bangun Sistem Informasi Warga
Authors:   Universitas Bina Sarana Informatika, Suryanto Ade , Maliki M. Ibnu ,   Universitas Bina Sarana Informatika
Published: January 2022

At this time the advancement of technology is so very fast. Almost all sectors of life take advantage of these technological advances. From the fields of economy, education, to the field of government, there is no exception for lower-level government services, namely the Rukun Tetangga who can also take advantage of this technological advancement in their services. In the neighborhood of RT 007, the services provided are still manual, for this reason, a design for the creation of a citizen information system that helps in the service process will be carried out. Making this website application uses the Rapid Application Development method in its development and this application is also built using the Codeigniter 3 framework and website-based Bootstrap. To build this system the programming languages used are HTML, PHP, JAVASCRIPT and CSS. This website application that was built aims to make it easier for residents to submit cover letters, make it easier to share RT cash financial information, and also make it easier for Leader RT to make reports. Tests carried out by this application use Black Box Testing which is centered on the input process or input only.
Load Shedding in Microgrid System with Combination of AHP Algorithm and Hybrid ANN-ACO Algorithm
Authors: Quyen Huy Anh , Trieu Tan Phung , Le Trong Nghia , Nguyen Thai An , Huynh Thi Ngoc Thuong
Published: January 2022

This paper proposes a new load shedding method based on the application of intelligent algorithms, the process of calculating and load shedding is carried out in two stages. Stage-1 uses a backpropagation neural network to classify faults in the system, thereby determining whether or not to shed the load in that particular case. Stage-2 uses an artificial neural network combined with an ant colony algorithm (ANN-ACO) to determine a load shedding strategy. The AHP algorithm is applied to propose load shedding strategies based on ranking the importance of loads in the system. The proposed method in the article helps to solve the integrated problem of load shedding, classifying the fault to determine whether or not to shedding the load and proposing a correct strategy for shedding the load. The IEEE 25-bus 8-generator power system is used to simulate and test the effectiveness of the proposed method, the results show that the frequency of recovery is good in the allowable range.
Investigation of environmental noise level status in Oshodi/ Isolo local government of Lagos State, Nigeria
Authors: Salami L  , Akinbomi JG  , Kayode VM  , Shipe DF  , Adebanjo IT  , Ayoade RA  , Ohiomoba OD  , Ibrahim IA  , Ajikanle MA
Published: January 2022

Noise is a public nuisance which can result to adverse health effects. This work was carried out to investigate the environmental noise level status in Oshodi/Isolo Local Government of Lagos State, Nigeria. 10 different locations were selected in each of educational, industrial, traffic, commercial and residential areas which were coded EA – EJ, IA – IJ, TA – TJ, CA – CJ and RA – RJ respectively. All the chosen locations were coordinated using handheld Global Positioning System (GPS) for the purpose of universal identification. Noise level were measured in each of the selected locations using sound level meter (SLM) in the morning (7 – 9 a.m), afternoon (12 – 2 p.m) and evening (4 – 6 p.m). The results revealed that the noise level in educational areas ranged between 67.90 and 79.90 dB, between 50.70 and 72.30 dB and between 51.70 and 72.30 dB for morning, afternoon and evening respectively while the industrial areas varied between 70.20 and 77.40 dB, between 70.30 and 72.90 dB and between 70.20 and 76.40 dB for morning, afternoon and evening respectively. The noise level in traffic areas ranged between 70.80 and 90.30 dB, between 70.70 and 79.70 dB and between 67.50 and 77.90 dB for morning, afternoon and evening respectively while the commercial areas varied between 68.50 and 88.80 dB, between 73.20 and 78.90 dB and between 70.80 and 78.30 dB for morning, afternoon and evening respectively. The noise level for residential areas ranged between 68.77 and 77.20 dB, between 69.70 and 71.60 dB and between 68.20 and 72.20 dB for morning, afternoon and evening respectively. The threshold limits by National Environmental Standards and Regulations Enforcement Agency (NESREA) for noise level in educational, residential, commercial, industrial and traffic areas are 45, 50, 55, 70 and 80 dB respectively while Lagos State Environmental Protection Agency (LASEPA) threshold limits are 55, 70 and 90 dB for residential, commercial and industrial areas respectively. These indicated that the noise level in the investigated areas exceeded the NESREA and LASEPA standard limits for noise level. The analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed that at 5 percent significant level, there was no statistical difference in the mean noise level in all the investigated areas. It was concluded that Oshodi/Isolo Local Government of Lagos State was polluted and the relevant authorities need to be proactive and take urgent steps to minimize the level of noise pollution in Oshodi/Isolo Local Government of Lagos State.
A preliminary studio for the F gen of Canine Distemper Virus as target for phylogenetic analysis
Authors: Carolina Alejandra Vera  , María Antonieta Jara  , Carlos Osvaldo Navarro
Published: January 2022

The Canine Distemper is one of the main infectious diseases in domestic dogs. The introduction of live attenuated-viral vaccines has helped to maintain the disease under control. However, in the past few decades it has been observed worldwide a rising number of cases even in vaccinated animals. The Canine Distemper Virus lineages circulating in the world have been described based on the hemagglutinin analyses, due to its high degree of genetic variability. Recently, new studies have reported greater variations in the amino acidic sequence of a region in the fusion protein. In order to determine the variability of the field strains in comparison with the vaccines and strains from other lines, in this dissertation the genomic variability of the Fsp region from the canine distemper virus fusion protein gene is analyzed. With this purpose, a Polymerase Chain Reaction with reverse transcription, capable of amplifying this variable region, was implemented, and identified through its nucleotide sequence. These sequences were compared with vaccine strains and with field strains of known lineages. Additionally, a phylogenetic tree was built for this variable region. The results of the nucleotides comparison show that the field strains have more homology to the vaccine strain Onderstepoort and according to phylogeny, it would belong to the America 1 lineage.
Advances in the pathogenesis and pharmacotherapy of acute stress disorder
Authors: Wang Xin-Yue  , Wang Tian  , Fu Feng-Hua
Published: January 2022

Acute stress disorder (ASD) is a kind of mental disease caused by trauma, which will bring heavy burdens to patients themselves, their family, their work and their lives. Once a person who has suffered a trauma develops post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), the quality of life of patients will be overall impaired. It is found that the occurrence of stress disorder is related to the overactivation of hypothalamus pituitary adrenal axis (HPA axis). The most commonly used medications for ASD are recommended medications for PTSD, including serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SRIs), second-generation antipsychotics, benzodiazepines, beta blockers, and others. The purpose of this article is to systematically organize and review the possible mechanisms of stress disorder and drugs for treatment of ASD.
Asamblaj Kavramı ile Aktör-Ağ Teorisi Arasındaki Bağlantıların İncelenmesi: Asamblaj Kentçiliği
Authors: Aydın Şefika , Şentürk Murat
Published: January 2022

Bu çalışmada Deleuze ve Guattari’nin asamblaj kavramı ile Bruno Latour’un aktör-ağ teorisi arasındaki bağlantının kent çalışmalarına nasıl yansıdığı ele alınmaktadır. Asamblaj kavramının kent çalışmalarında kullanımının temelde iki farklı versiyonu olsa da (DeLanda’nın asamblaj teorisi ve Latour’un aktör-ağ teorisi) daha ziyade aktör-ağ teorisiyle bağlantılı olarak değerlendirilmektedir. Aktör-ağ teorisi, Deleuze’den beslenmekte ve bu durum kent çalışmaları alanında “asamblaj kentçiliği” olarak nitelendirilen yeni bir araştırma yöntemiyle açığa çıkmaktadır. Asamblaj kentçiliği, etnografik yönteme ağırlık vermekte ve yoğun betimlemeyle birlikte ampirik araştırmaya işaret etmektedir. Bağlam bağımlı klasik ve neo-Marksist kent çalışmalarından önemli farklılıklar barındıran asamblaj kentçiliği, insan olanlar kadar insan olmayan unsurları da aktör olarak tanımlamakta ve tüm ikilikleri reddederek akış, oluş ve sürece önem vermektedir. Bu özellikleri ile birlikte asamblaj kentçiliği, bir araya gelen aktörlerin rol oynadığı yoğunlaşmış ağ veya köksap biçiminde işleyen olağan kent yaşamının ilişkisel olarak incelenmesini mümkün kılabilmektedir.
1965-1971 Yılları Arası Türkiye’nin Çok Yönlü Dış Politika Perspektifinde Sovyetler Birliği ile İlişkileri
Authors: Kaya Furkan
Published: January 2022

Soğuk Savaş sürecinde Türkiye’nin jeopolitik konumu onu tek blok ile ilişki kurmaktan ziyade, taraflar arasında denge siyasetini uygulama fırsatını sunmuştur. Bu çalışmanın amacı, Türkiye’nin söz konusu dönem içinde Sovyetler Birliği ile ilişkilerini çok yönlü dış politika anlayışı perspektifinde geliştirirken, denge siyasetini de hassasiyetle uygulayabildiğini ortaya koymaktır. Araştırma sürecinde Türkiye’nin Sovyetler Birliği ile ilişkilerinin gelişiminde diplomatik mi yoksa ekonomik mi fırsatların olduğu sorusu ile hareket edilmiş, diplomatik ilerleme için öncelikle ekonomik ilişkilerinin gelişiminin gerekli olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Atatürk ve Lenin arasında başlayan dostluk, 16 Mart 1921 ve 17 Aralık 1925 tarihli dostluk ve karşılıklı güvene bağlı anlaşmalara imza atılmasıyla resmi olarak da onaylanmıştır. Sovyetler Birliği ile diplomatik ve ekonomik ilişkiler, İkinci Dünya Savaşı sonrasında Sovyet lider Stalin’in toprak ve Boğazlarda hak talep etmesi ile soğumuş ve bu durum Türkiye’nin NATO üyesi olarak Batı Bloku'nda yerini almasında etkili olmuştur. Moskova ile Ankara arasında ilişkilerin yeniden siyasi ve ekonomik olarak somut bir şekilde iyileşme göstermesi, 1965 yılında Adalet Partisinin (AP) iktidara gelmesiyle başbakan olan Süleyman Demirel ve onun dışişleri bakanı İhsan Sabri Çağlayangil döneminde gerçekleşmiştir. Bu çalışmada dönemin gazete, dergileri, yerli ve yabancı arşiv kaynakları ile röportajlardan faydalanılmıştır. Türk-Sovyet ilişkileri 1965 ila 1971 yılları arasında “çok yönlü” dış politika anlayışı ile hızlı ilerleme kaydetmiş fakat 12 Mart 1971 askerî muhtırası ile kesintiye uğramıştır.
Kripto Para İşlemlerini Yönlendiren Ekonomik ve Finansal Faktörler: Bitcoin Fiyat Oluşumu
Authors: Akkaya Murat
Published: January 2022

Kripto para, mal ve hizmet satın almada çevrimiçi işlemleri güvence altına alan güçlü bir kriptografiye sahip hesap defteri kullanan dijital bir para birimidir Kripto para birimlerinin küresel sınırları yoktur ve kullanımları kolaydır. İşlemleri kaydetmek için bir cüzdan oluşturulur ve hemen kullanılır. Kripto para birimleri özellikle son yıllarda ön plana çıksa da tarihsel bir süreçleri bulunmaktadır. Kripto para birimleri özellikle Coronavirus (COVID-19) salgınında popülaritesini artırmıştır. Artan hacim ve güçlü piyasa kazancına rağmen Kripto para birimlerine şüphe ile yaklaşan ünlü ekonomistler de bulunmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı 11 Aralık 2017 - 31 Mart 2021 döneminde Bitcoin fiyatını etkileyen ekonomik ve finansal göstergelerin belirlenmesidir. Değişkenler düzey seviyede birim kök taşıdığından ve ilk farklarında durağan olduklarından duruma uygun olan eşbütünleşme testi tercih edilmiştir. Johansen eşbütünleşme testi sonuçlarına göre değişkenler arasında uzun dönemde 1 eş bütünleşme denkleminin var olduğu görülmüştür. Vektör Hata Düzeltme Modeli ise Bitcoin fiyatının kısa dönemde belirlenen ekonomik ve finansal değişkenlerden etkilenmediğini göstermektedir. Bitcoin fiyatı spekülasyona açık bir digila varlıktır.
G5-Sahel Ortak Gücünün Terörle Mücadele Politikası ve G5-Sahel Fransa İlişkileri
Authors: Abdoul Dangavo Mamadou Oumarou , Karakaya İskender
Published: January 2022

Sahel bölgesi, son on yıl içerisinde hem siyasi hem de ekonomik açıdan güvenlik sorununun belirginleştiği önemli bölgelerden birisi haline gelmiştir. Sahel bölgesi, bir yandan bölgesel ve bölge dışı güçlerin politikalarını etkileyen, diğer yandan bu devletlerin terörizmle mücadele girişimlerini belirleyen bir coğrafya olarak ön plana çıkmıştır. Buna çalışmada, Sahel bölgesinde yaşanan terör saldırılarının nedenleri incelenmiş ve bu saldırıların bir neticesi olarak Sahel bölgesinin bir terör koridoru haline geldiği sonucuna varılmıştır. Bununla beraber, bu çalışmada G5-Sahel Ortak Gücünün terörle mücadele politikalarının başarısız olduğu ileri sürülmektedir. Bu durum Mali örneğinde görüleceği gibi, G5 Sahel - Fransa ilişkilerini siyasi ve ekonomik açıdan olumsuz yönde etkilediği sonucuna varılmıştır.
A Comparative Study on E-Learning Implementation in Higher Education In Response to The Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Dewanti Paula , Santiari Ni Putu Linda , Vedamurthi Kadek Vishnu
Published: February 2022

The aim of this study was to explore the use of distance learning in Indonesian universities during the pandemic. This was a continuation of previous research on the implementation of Digital Learning in several countries as an Emergency Response to the COVID-19 Pandemic. Given the uncertainty surrounding the end of the pandemic, as well as government regulations expanding the use of distance learning, researchers believe it is crucial to examine student attitudes toward implementation. In this study, the comparative study method was used to compare the similarities and differences between two or more properties and facts of the object under study based on a particular frame of mind. The findings indicate that there are similarities in the implementation of distance learning, which involves transforming face-to-face sessions in a classroom setting into live face-to-face sessions in virtual classrooms. The initiatives of each university are in line with government recommendations. The implementation, however, varies slightly due to differences in characteristics such as facility and infrastructure readiness that exist on each of these campuses. Further research focusing on Student Engagement and Student Experience, using larger data sets, would be expected to provide much more value and best practices for E-Learning implementation during the current COVID-19 pandemic.
METODE ISTINBATH DALAM USHUL FIQH STUDI KASUS : AYAT-AYAT EKONOMI
Authors: Izzah Siti Nailul
Published: February 2022

Method Istinbath is one of the methods of digging the law in ushul fiqh. Where the method of istinbath is used to draw the law from the Qur'an and Sunnah by way of ijtihad. Then this method is associated with economics which is a form of human responsibility as a caliph to create a balance in life to be maintained. The ever -growing economy makes Muslims need guidance in digging or establishing a law. The source of this method is from the arguments of the Qur'an and Sunnah which are seen in terms of language, in terms of the purpose (maqasid) of sharia and in terms of resolving conflicting arguments. In this research focuses onlaw through linguistic terms with the approach of lafadz (exploring thethuruq lafdziyah) and the approach of meaning (thuruq maknawiyah). The approach of lafadz (thuruq lafdiyah) is divided into 4 (four) types: lafadz seen from the scope or meaning created, lafadz seen from the side of use of meaning, lafadz seen from the clear side or not in showing a meaning, and lafadz seen from the way it expresses a meaning.
Prospects of Payment for Ecosystem Services: Case from Water Service Scheme in Nepal
Authors: Dhakal Kunju , Bhattarai Sushma , Dhakal Benju
Published: January 2022

Payment for ecosystem services (PES), a voluntary transaction for the optimum use of scarce natural resources, are highly recommended for conservation of forests and watershed. Despite multiple recommendations, there has not been enough studies regarding PES in Nepal, except for limited areas like hydropower plants and community forests. Every PES scheme is unique, depending upon the conditions prevalent in its site therefore more studies are required to understand appropriateness of PES mechanism. Taking drinking water scheme in Sundarijal watershed as a case, this study assessed drinking water supply scheme prevalent in the site, and prioritized its problems, and expectations, from stakeholders’ perspectives. A phenomenological cross-sectional research approach was used and data were collected through in-depth interviews with major stakeholders. The result transcripts were analyzed in Atlasti version 7 and prioritized based on their frequency. The proper buying and selling mechanisms were not found in the current drinking water supply scheme in Sundarijal. The poor economic condition of users, inadequate funds in water users committee, and inadequate water collection for sales were determined as primary obstacles associated with PES establishment at the study site. Since the area has immense potential for PES, building additional water collection tanks with filter plants, a collaboration of multiple local organizations in the preparation of baseline document, identification of additional water sources, and adequate funding are perquisite to establish proper payment mechanism.
Pitfalls of Scientific Forestry Practices in the Community Forestry of Nepal
Authors: Basnyat Bijendra
Published: January 2022

The government of Nepal abolished scientific forest management in 2021, however, the underlying reason remained unexplored. Hence, this study explores reasons that pushed on abolishment of this practice in the community forestry. The study followed the qualitative methods and reviewed the policy documents, published and unpublished literature followed by semi-structured interviews with forest officials and community forestry leaders. Though scientific forest management was promoted to maximize timber production and employment generation, stakeholders often raised concern over the exploitation of forests, including the appropriateness of the proposed silviculture system along with the governance issues related to it. On the contrary, forest bureaucracy promoted this as an “one size fit approach” irrespective of management objectives while poorly integrating locality factors, and research-generated knowledge. Apparently, scientific forest management is highly contested on technical and managerial grounds, while it is utterly uneconomical to forest user groups. Diverse views, interests and disbelief of the stakeholders, along with inadequate scientific evidence is primary reasons for a failure. Hence, the study argues for promoting “research in use approach” in strengthening forest management practices with the wider engagement of the stakeholders from knowledge generation, use, and dissemination in the community forestry.
Regeneration Status and Diversity under Irregular Shelterwood System: A Study from Panchkanya Community Forest, Sunsari, Nepal
Authors: Kharel Ripesh , Acharya Keshav Raj , Gautam Aayush
Published: January 2022

The present study is the outcome of vegetation sampling conducted in the managed and unmanaged forest patch under the irregular shelterwood system to analyze community structure and plant diversity in a degraded mixed forest in eastern Terai, Nepal. Systematic random sampling was followed by laying out 15 quadrates sized 4m2 with uniform spacing of 50 meters in both managed and unmanaged blocks, respectively. This study revealed that the first and second-year regeneration felling subsisted the Shorea robusta in the managed forest patch. There was observed a remarkable increase in regeneration but a decrease in plant diversity in the managed area in comparison to the unmanaged one. Simpson’s index of diversity was 0.760 and 0.890 and Shannon-Wiener indexes were 1.82 and 2.43 in managed and unmanaged forest blocks, respectively. Independent sample t-test showed a significant difference in the total number of regenerations between managed and unmanaged forest blocks since P-value <0.05 (P=0.0166) i.e., managed blocks with opened canopy had higher regeneration but a lower diversity. This study concludes that the irregular shelterwood system is deemed pivotal for increased regeneration of Shorea robusta particularly in the eastern lowland of Nepal.
Spatio-Temporal Patterns of Common Leopard Attacks: A Case Study from Aadhikhola Rural Municipality, Syangja
Authors: Adhikari Deepika , Silwal Thakur , Pokharel Santosh , Gahatraj Saru
Published: January 2022

Information on the spatio-temporal patterns of attacks in certain areas contributes to the designing and implementation of effective mitigation measures. The aim of this study was to assess spatial distribution of Common Leopard attacks to highlight conflict risk zone and temporal trend in Aadhikhola Rural Municipality of Syangja districts from 2016 AD to 2019 AD. Data was collected as registered cases caused by Common Leopard at the Division Forest Office, Syangja according to the Wildlife Damage Relief Guideline, 2013 AD. Total cases were 187 with the highest incidents (n=66) in ward no. 4 (Bangsing). The highest cases occurred in summer (44%) followed by spring (20%). By month the highest number of attacks occurred in July (22%) followed by June, May. Most of the attacks occurred inside livestock sheds (84%), during day time (69%), with goats being the major prey. Kernel Density Estimation (KDE) was used for safety analysis. Kernel density attack layer was reclassified using the geometric interval algorithm to generate five risk zones of leopard attacks. Wangsing, Deurali, Faparthum, Setidovan were very high risk zone for leopard attacks. Predator-proof corrals/ enclosures and improved herding and guarding practices are suggested to reduce livestock losses.
Avian Diversity and Abundance in the Machhaplan Complex, Hetauda, Nepal
Authors: Bhusal Nahakul
Published: January 2022

Avifaunal survey was carried out in Machhaplan Complex, Hetauda from December 2020 to April 2021. The objective of the study was to assess the avian species diversity, richness and abundance. A total of 164 bird species belonging to 19 orders and 59 families were recorded by using Point Count Method. Out of these, 117 species were terrestrial and 47 species were wetland dependent. Passeriformes and Muscicapidae were the most dominant orders and families, respectively with 73 and 12 species. The most abundant species was House Sparrow (Passer domesticus) (n=156). There were 109 resident species, 43 winter visitors, and 12 summer visitors among the recorded species. Common birds accounted for 41% of the total followed by uncommon birds, Rare birds, and Very Common birds with 33%, 17%, and 9%, respectively. Of the total recorded species, two species were Globally Threatened and nine species were Nationally Threatened. Terrestrial birds had the highest Shannon’s Diversity Index (H=3.97) and Margalef 's Richness Index (R=15.53) whereas wetland birds had the highest Pielou's Evenness Index (E=0.86). The assessment of avian diversity suggests that s Machhaplan Complex offers a suitable habitat for avifauna.
Status of Invasive Alien Plant Species in Urban Forest of Hetauda, Nepal
Authors: Panedy Kabita , Poudel Gayatri , Neupane Ashish , Acharya Keshav Raj , Adhikari Subash
Published: January 2022

This paper explores the status of Invasive Alien Plant Species in an urban forest of Hetauda, Nepal. The study is based on a quadrate survey (130 quadrants) within the transect line at an interval of 30 m within different six habitat types. This study identified a total of 22 invasive alien plant species representing 20 genera and 12 families out of recorded 26 species representing 24 genera and 15 families in the country. This study identified four species namely Chromolaena odorata, Eichhornia crassipes, Lantana camara and Mikania micrantha in the study area that were listed as the world’s 100 worst invasive species. The invasion was found to be negatively correlated with canopy cover. The higher the canopy cover; the lower the abundance of invasive alien species. Regarding the habitat type, settlement area had the highest number of invasive species followed by forest and roadside. Mikania micrantha, Lantana camara, Ageratum houstonianum and Chromolaena odorata were mostly abundant in forest whereas Eichhornia crassipes was highly abundant in wetlands. Mikania micrantha was mostly abundant in settlement area and Senna tora was confined to open land. The relative abundance of Ageratum conyzoides, Senna occidentalis, Ageratum adenophora, Leersia hexandra, Mimosa pudica, Bidens pilosa, Oxalis latifolia, Ipomoea carnea, Amaranthus spinosus, Argemone mexicana, Esosphaerum suaveolens were lower.
First Photographic Evidence of Short-eared Owl Asio flammeus (Pontoppidan, 1763) from Sarlahi district, Nepal
Authors: Rokka Prashant , Bajagain Santosh , Pradhan Aavas
Published: January 2022

This paper presents the first photographic record of the Short-eared Owl Asio flammeus, one of the least studied species of Nepal during opportunistic survey. The new record for Bagmati River stretch on 26 November 2020 were five pairs of Asio flammeus in a grassland dominated area adjacent to agricultural land in Sarlahi district. With this record, conservation efforts in the area should include the regular monitoring and controlled human activities. Moreover, it is crucial to develop conservation awareness on the importance of owls in the ecosystem. It is also necessary to change the perception and attitude of people towards owl which are perceived as sign of evil.
Checklist of floral species at the Institute of Forestry, Pokhara Campus, Pokhara, Nepal
Authors: Miya Mahamad Sayab , Gautam Deepak
Published: January 2022

Plants are a component of biodiversity and support life system on earth. Exploration of plant species is important to aquire knowledge on plant biodiversity and their distribution. This study documents floral species in the Institute of Forestry, Pokhara Campus, Nepal. The Campus is one of the academic institutions for producing forestry graduates. The plant species were listed from 2020 to the first half of the year 2021 by walking along the accessible routes inside the Campus. A total of 331 species of plants from 276 genera and 99 families were recorded. Fabaceae family represented the maximum number of plant species (n=26) followed by Asteraceae (n=25) and Poaceae (n=21). 43% of the total species recorded were herbs. 31% of the total species were trees. 16 species were invasive alien plant species (IAPS) and four species are listed under Appendix-II of CITES.
Exploration of Entrepreneur’s Challenges to Cope with Nepalese Tourism Market Dynamics
Authors: Bhattarai Bal Ram , Prompanyo Manoch
Published: January 2022

Change is inevitable in every sphere of human life; tourism activities are rapidly changing than other activities. The Nepalese tourism industry has also brought changes in different aspects, how those changes are perceived by the entrepreneurs of the industry is the main concern of the study. The primary objective of this study is to explore the dimensions of tourismmarket dynamics and entrepreneur’s readiness to cope with the perceived challenges. A qualitative framework has been adopted of an in-depth interview with leading entrepreneurial personalities of the tourism industry of Nepal. Representing hospitality, catering, trekking, and travel with at least 20 years of experience in tourism-related activities are considered as the true representation to collect primary data. Manual thematic content analysis has been employed to generate the theme of the interview. Major changes in customer expectation because of the market shift, technological advancement but not appropriate application, lacking experienced trained human resources, and travel-related inconvenience are the major challenges for tourism entrepreneurs of Nepal.
Assessing Payment for Ecosystem Services of Panchase Conservation Area: Exploring the Potentialities
Authors: Sharma Muna , Bhattarai Suman , Thapa Shivaraj , Panthi Bharat , Chhetri Hom Bahadur , Gautam Deepak
Published: January 2022

Adoption of “Payment for Environmental Services (PES)” scheme can be one option to protect the forest area and the Phewa Lake for sustaining the existing benefits. The study was carried out to explore the adoption possibility of PES mechanism in Panchase Conservation Area (PCA) for the sustainable management of the forest and the Phewa Lake. The study was focused on people of Bhadaure and Chapakot villages of Panchase area as upstream dwellers and different downstream communities benefitted from the lake. Major environmental services were prioritized for both upstream and downstream dwellers and the major impacts on the downstream communities were also found out. Multiple linear regression model was adopted to assess the factors affecting the downstream communities for providing suitable incentives to upstream dwellers. Watershed protection was found to be the major environmental service prioritized by both upstream and downstream respondents. Most of the people of both upstream and downstream communities are willing to accept (WTA) and pay (WTP) for the protection of the prioritized environmental service. Hotel communities were seem to have highest WTP followed by boating, fishing and agricultural communities. Also, Income, education, household member and residential distance were statistically significant to WTP of downstream beneficiary group. Based on the WTP of the downstream beneficiary groups, it is concluded that the area is potential for initiating PES mechanism for the sustainable conservation of watershed and regulate benefits on sustained basis. Education based activities should be organized to enhance participation of more beneficiaries and upstream dwellers whereas proper policy mechanism should be formulated for assuring community people before the implementation of PES.
Assessing the Effectiveness of Foreign AID and Its Mobilization in Nepal
Authors: Kharel Khom Raj , Adhikari Dipak Bahadur , Khadka Ramesh Bahadur
Published: January 2022

This paper has focused on the effectiveness of foreign aid for economic progress of developing nations with emphasis of Nepal. Nepal has the momentum of uplifting developing nations from the least developed countries by accepting foreign aid through the effective mobilization. This study has been conducted by using the historical data over the period of 1992/93-2019/20.The paper has argued that the concept of granting and withholding of foreign support useful resources changed into and nevertheless getting mobilization to steer the macroeconomic policies of growing developing nations. The paper has argued that foreign aid effectiveness reflected in terms of improving people’s livelihood with better status. To measure the effectiveness of the foreign aid, the simple statistical tools have been applied. The present study has found that foreign aid granted to  overnment of Nepal and enhanced great effort in the economy but it changed into positive prerequisites with the aid of using donors and debt which impacted negatively to its motive ensuing Nepal’s government turning into depending on foreign aid effectiveness mobilizations.
Causes of Occupational Changes among Dalit Communities of Kaski District
Authors: Palikhe Amin , Subedi Netra Prasad , Bhandari Hari Bahadur , Adhikari Nabin Bahadur
Published: January 2022

Occupational change from traditionally adopted occupations to new occupations is an increasing trend in the new generation of Nepalese society. And this seems relatively high in the people of Dalit communities. This study aims to investigate the status of occupational change and their causes among the Dalit communities of the Kaski district. This study has conducted by using the quantitative nature of data collected from primary sources with the help of a structured questionnaire. Total 300 head of the household covering 150 from each urban and rural area including 50 each from three Dalit caste groups namely Nepali (Sarki), Pariyar (Damai), and Bishowkarma (Kami) are the sample for this study. The information regarding the occupational change was collected from the head of the household. The study reveals that there is a statistically significant difference in the involvement in a particular occupation in the past and at present. The tendency of abandoning past & caste-based occupation and shifting to new & modern occupation is high (63.33%) among the people of the Dalit communities. While investigating towards causes for occupational change; insufficient for livelihood, low return compares to costs & efforts, lack of skills & knowledge of past occupations, skills & knowledge of other occupations, lack of work for a whole year in traditional occupations, have found as the key causes for the occupational change in the Dalit communities. However, 36.67 percent still involved in past occupations, and the key causes for no change in the past occupations are lack of other skill & knowledge, satisfaction in the past occupation, and lack of capital.
Occupational Change and Socioeconomic Status among Dalit Communities in Kaski District
Authors: Subedi Netra Prasad
Published: January 2022

The purpose of the study is to examine the occupational change, socio-economic status among, and the inherent association between occupational changes and socioeconomic status. This study has conducted among the people of Nepali, Pariyar, and Bishwokarma caste of the Dalit communities in the Kaski district of Nepal using the quantitative nature of the information collected from primary sources with the help of a structured questionnaire. The total sample of this study is 300 head of the family member covering 150 from each urban and rural geographical region consisting of 50 from each caste. The data and results show the involvement in a particular occupation in the past and at present have significant variation, as well as the tendency of leaving the caste-based traditional occupation and adopting new & modern occupations is high. From the overall economic perspective, Nepali caste people stand at the first position followed by Bishowkarma, and the last position occupied by Pariyar. While looking from the socio-cultural perspective, Bishowkarma caste people stand at the first position followed by Nepali, and the last position occupied by Pariyar. At the regional level, residence of urban areas have a better overall economic and socio-cultural position compared to the rural areas. However, test statistics reveal the economic status is statistically significant at the caste and regional level whereas, the socio-cultural status is not statistically significant at both caste and regional levels. Finally, while investigating the association between occupational change and socioeconomic status, the results reveal that the overall economic status is the best of those people who have completely changed their past occupations while the overall socio-cultural position is the best of those who have not changed. However, these variations are not statistically significant.
Solid Waste Generation and Management Practice in Pokhara
Authors: Bhattarai Sarmila
Published: January 2022

This study aimed to identify the current status of solid waste generation and its management in Pokhara. For this purpose, eleven institutions were chosen from all the 33 wards of Pokhara Metropolitan City for collecting the information regarding waste generation and composition. Further focus group discussions were carried out with five private sectors involved in the solid waste management system of Pokhara. The per capita waste generation rate was found to vary from minimum value 0.016kg and to a maximum value of 0.082 kg. along with the average of 0.035 kg. The analysis of waste composition showed that landfill matter accounted for the highest fraction, making up 39.23 % of landfill waste, 35.14% of reusable/recycle waste and 25.63% of organic waste. The challenges of solid waste management are increment of waste generations as well as per capita generation with respect to population growth and catchment area, scarcity of garbage collection vehicle, very difficult to manage dead animals, lack of proper management of medical and Industrial waste and hazards waste, health problem of solid waste management staff. The results can be used as part of the waste management planning purpose for the concerned stakeholders
Impact of Covid-19 on Tourism Business in Pokhara Nepal
Authors: Khatiwada Shreekanta S. , Sharma Ramji , Ranabhat Suresh
Published: January 2022

None of the sectors in human society is out of the assault of covid-19 pandemic. Every sphere of human life is affected by this contagion virus nonetheless the severity of influence and impact may vary Tourism is one of the highly injured sectors during on-covid period and so as the situation of Pokhara and its vicinity. This paper, therefore, is an attempt from ‘situation analysis perspective’ to have a bird’s eye view of the impact and implication of covid pandemic over the tourism industry of Gandaki province with special focus on Pokhara by taking three vital variables; investment, employment and volume of transactions. It’s a kind of ‘situation analysis research’ based mainly on secondary information backed up by sufficient primary data and information. The two main impacts of Covid-19 over the tourism domain of Pokhara and its vicinity seem to be the shutdown of substantial numbers of hospitality businesses and the bulk loss of employment from tourism sector.