bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
TOI-3757 b: A Low-density Gas Giant Orbiting a Solar-metallicity M Dwarf
Authors: Kanodia Shubham , Libby-Roberts Jessica , Cañas Caleb I. , Ninan Joe P. , Mahadevan Suvrath , Stefansson Gudmundur , Lin Andrea S. J. , Jones Sinclaire , Monson Andrew , Parker Brock A. , Kobulnicky Henry A. , Swaby Tera N. , Powers Luke , Beard Corey , Bender Chad F. , Blake Cullen H. , Cochran William D. , Dong Jiayin , Diddams Scott A. , Fredrick Connor , Gupta Arvind F. , Halverson Samuel , Hearty Fred , Logsdon Sarah E. , Metcalf Andrew J. , McElwain Michael W. , Morley Caroline , Rajagopal Jayadev , Ramsey Lawrence W. , Robertson Paul , Roy Arpita , Schwab Christian , Terrien Ryan C. , Wisniewski John , Wright Jason T.
Published: August 2022

We present the discovery of a new Jovian-sized planet, TOI-3757 b, the lowest-density transiting planet known to orbit an M dwarf (M0V). This planet was discovered around a solar-metallicity M dwarf, using Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite photometry and confirmed with precise radial velocities from the Habitable-zone Planet Finder (HPF) and NEID. With a planetary radius of 12.0

−
0.5

+
0.4

R
⊕ and mass of 85.3

−
8.7

+
8.8

M
⊕, not only does this object add to the small sample of gas giants (∼10) around M dwarfs, but also its low density (

ρ
=

0.27

−
0.04

+
0.05

g cm−3) provides an opportunity to test theories of planet formation. We present two hypotheses to explain its low density; first, we posit that the low metallicity of its stellar host (∼0.3 dex lower than the median metallicity of M dwarfs hosting gas giants) could have played a role in the delayed formation of a solid core massive enough to initiate runaway accretion. Second, using the eccentricity estimate of 0.14 ± 0.06, we determine it is also plausible for tidal heating to at least partially be responsible for inflating the radius of TOI-3757b b. The low density and large scale height of TOI-3757 b makes it an excellent target for transmission spectroscopy studies of atmospheric escape and composition (transmission spectroscopy measurement of ∼ 190). We use HPF to perform transmission spectroscopy of TOI-3757 b using the helium 10830 Å line. Doing this, we place an upper limit of 6.9% (with 90% confidence) on the maximum depth of the absorption from the metastable transition of He at ∼10830 Å, which can help constraint the atmospheric mass-loss rate in this energy-limited regime.
Long-period Pulsars as Possible Outcomes of Supernova Fallback Accretion
Authors: Ronchi M. , Rea N. , Graber V. , Hurley-Walker N.
Published: August 2022

For about half a century, the radio pulsar population was observed to spin in the ∼0.002–12 s range, with different pulsar classes having a spin-period evolution that differs substantially depending on their magnetic fields or past accretion history. The recent detection of several slowly rotating pulsars has reopened the long-standing question of the exact physics, and observational biases, driving the upper bound of the period range of the pulsar population. In this work, we perform a parameter study of the spin-period evolution of pulsars interacting with supernova fallback matter and specifically look at the fallback accretion disk scenario. Depending on the initial conditions at formation, this evolution can differ substantially from the typical dipolar spin-down, resulting in pulsars that show spin periods longer than their coeval peers. By using general assumptions for the pulsar spin period and magnetic field at birth, initial fallback accretion rates, and including magnetic field decay, we find that very long spin periods (≳100 s) can be reached in the presence of strong, magnetar-like magnetic fields (≳1014 G) and moderate initial fallback accretion rates (∼1022−1027 g s−1). In addition, we study the cases of two recently discovered periodic radio sources, the pulsar PSR J0901–4046 (P = 75.9 s) and the radio transient GLEAM-X J162759.5–523504.3 (P = 1091 s), in light of our model. We conclude that the supernova fallback scenario could represent a viable channel to produce a population of long-period isolated pulsars that only recent observation campaigns are starting to unveil.
In Situ Observation of Solar-flare-induced Proton Cyclotron Waves Upstream from Mars
Authors: Lin Haibo , Guo Jianpeng , Masunaga Kei , Seki Kanako , Mazelle Christian , Zhao Dan , Huang Hui , Zhao Juan , Wei Yong , Liu Libo
Published: August 2022

Proton cyclotron waves (PCWs) upstream from Mars are usually interpreted as waves generated by ion/ion instabilities due to the interaction between the solar wind plasma and the pickup protons, originating from the extended hydrogen (H) exosphere of Mars. Their generation mainly depends on the solar wind properties and the relative density of the newborn protons with respect to the background solar wind. Under stable solar wind conditions, a higher solar irradiance leads to both increased exospheric H density and ionization rate of H atoms, and therefore a higher relative density, which tends to increase the linear wave growth rate. Here we show that the solar irradiance is likely to contribute significantly to PCW generation. Specifically, we present observations from the Mars Atmosphere and Volatile EvolutioN (MAVEN) spacecraft indicating that, around the peak of the X8.2 flare on 2017 September 10, the increased solar irradiance gave rise to higher pickup H+ fluxes, which in turn excited PCWs. This result has implications for inferring the loss of hydrogen to space in early Martian history with more intense and frequent X-class flares as well as their contributions to the total loss.
The DECam Local Volume Exploration Survey Data Release 2
Authors: Drlica-Wagner A. , Ferguson P. S. , Adamów M. , Aguena M. , Allam S. , Andrade-Oliveira F. , Bacon D. , Bechtol K. , Bell E. F. , Bertin E. , Bilaji P. , Bocquet S. , Bom C. R. , Brooks D. , Burke D. L. , Carballo-Bello J. A. , Carlin J. L. , Carnero Rosell A. , Carrasco Kind M. , Carretero J. , Castander F. J. , Cerny W. , Chang C. , Choi Y. , Conselice C. , Costanzi M. , Crnojević D. , Costa L. N. da , Vicente J. De , Desai S. , Esteves J. , Everett S. , Ferrero I. , Fitzpatrick M. , Flaugher B. , Friedel D. , Frieman J. , García-Bellido J. , Gatti M. , Gaztanaga E. , Gerdes D. W. , Gruen D. , Gruendl R. A. , Gschwend J. , Hartley W. G. , Hernandez-Lang D. , Hinton S. R. , Hollowood D. L. , Honscheid K. , Hughes A. K. , Jacques A. , James D. J. , Johnson M. D. , Kuehn K. , Kuropatkin N. , Lahav O. , Li T. S. , Lidman C. , Lin H. , March M. , Marshall J. L. , Martínez-Delgado D. , Martínez-Vázquez C. E. , Massana P. , Mau S. , McNanna M. , Melchior P. , Menanteau F. , Miller A. E. , Miquel R. , Mohr J. J. , Morgan R. , Mutlu-Pakdil B. , Muñoz R. R. , Neilsen E. H. , Nidever D. L. , Nikutta R. , Nilo Castellon J. L. , Noël N. E. D. , Ogando R. L. C. , Olsen K. A. G. , Pace A. B. , Palmese A. , Paz-Chinchón F. , Pereira M. E. S. , Pieres A. , Plazas Malagón A. A. , Prat J. , Riley A. H. , Rodriguez-Monroy M. , Romer A. K. , Roodman A. , Sako M. , Sakowska J. D. , Sanchez E. , Sánchez F. J. , Sand D. J. , Santana-Silva L. , Santiago B. , Schubnell M. , Serrano S. , Sevilla-Noarbe I. , Simon J. D. , Smith M. , Soares-Santos M. , Stringfellow G. S. , Suchyta E. , Suson D. J. , Tan C. Y. , Tarle G. , Tavangar K. , Thomas D. , To C. , Tollerud E. J. , Troxel M. A. , Tucker D. L. , Varga T. N. , Vivas A. K. , Walker A. R. , Weller J. , Wilkinson R. D. , Wu J. F. , Yanny B. , Zaborowski E. , Zenteno A. ,   (DELVE Collaboration, DES Collaboration, Astro Data Lab)
Published: August 2022

We present the second public data release (DR2) from the DECam Local Volume Exploration survey (DELVE). DELVE DR2 combines new DECam observations with archival DECam data from the Dark Energy Survey, the DECam Legacy Survey, and other DECam community programs. DELVE DR2 consists of ∼160,000 exposures that cover >21,000 deg2 of the high-Galactic-latitude (∣b∣ > 10°) sky in four broadband optical/near-infrared filters (g, r, i, z). DELVE DR2 provides point-source and automatic aperture photometry for ∼2.5 billion astronomical sources with a median 5σ point-source depth of g = 24.3, r = 23.9, i = 23.5, and z = 22.8 mag. A region of ∼17,000 deg2 has been imaged in all four filters, providing four-band photometric measurements for ∼618 million astronomical sources. DELVE DR2 covers more than 4 times the area of the previous DELVE data release and contains roughly 5 times as many astronomical objects. DELVE DR2 is publicly available via the NOIRLab Astro Data Lab science platform.
Discovery of a Bimodal Environmental Distribution of Compact Ellipticals in the Local Universe
Authors: Chen Guangwen , Zhang Hong-Xin , Kong Xu , Lin Zesen , Liang Zhixiong , Chen Zuyi , Tang Yimeng , Chen Xinkai
Published: August 2022

Low-mass compact stellar systems (CSSs; M
⋆ < 1010
M
⊙) are thought to be a mixed bag of objects with various formation mechanisms. Previous surveys of CSSs were biased to relatively high-density environments and cannot provide a complete view of the environmental dependence of the formation of CSSs. We conduct the first-ever unbiased flux-limited census of nearby quiescent CSSs over a total sky area of ∼200 deg2 observed by the GAMA spectroscopic survey. The complete sample includes 82 quiescent CSSs, of which 85% fall within the stellar mass range of classical compact ellipticals (cEs). By quantifying the local environment with the normalized projected distance D/R
vir to the nearest luminous neighboring galaxy, we find that these CSSs have a bimodal D/R
vir distribution, with one group peaking near ∼0.1 × R
vir (satellite) and the other peaking near ∼10 × R
vir (field). In contrast to the CSSs, ordinary quiescent galaxies of similar masses have a unimodal D/R
vir distribution. Satellite CSSs are older and more metal-rich than field CSSs on average. The bimodal D/R
vir distribution of quiescent CSSs reinforces the existence of two distinct formation channels (tidal stripping and born-to-be) for cEs and may be understood in two mutually inclusive perspectives, i.e., substantial tidal stripping happens only when satellite galaxies travel sufficiently close to their massive hosts, and there exists an excess of high-density cE-bearing subhalos close to massive halos.
XMM and NuSTAR Observations of an Optically Quiescent Quasar
Authors: Greenwell Claire , Gandhi Poshak , Lansbury George , Boorman Peter , Mainieri Vincenzo , Stern Daniel
Published: August 2022

Optically quiescent quasars (OQQs) represent a recently systematized class of infrared-luminous active galactic nuclei (AGNs) that have galaxy-like optical continua. They may represent an interesting, brief phase in the AGN life cycle, e.g., either cocooned within high-covering-factor media or indicative of recent triggering, though their nature remains unclear. Here, we present the first targeted simultaneous X-ray observations of an OQQ, our previously identified prototype, SDSS J075139.06+402811.2 at z = 0.587. The source is significantly detected over 0.5–16 keV with XMM-Newton and NuSTAR, unambiguously confirming the presence of current accretion activity. Spectral modeling yields an intrinsic luminosity L
2–10 keV ≈ 4.4 × 1043 erg s−1, well within the AGN regime, but underluminous relative to its infrared power. It is lightly obscured, with log N
H [cm−2] ≈ 22.
The Role of Maspin Expression as Diagnostic Tissue Marker in Pancreaticoduodenal Malignant Tumors and Benign Lesions
Authors: ElEsawy Yasmine , Khaled Eman , Biomy Badawea , Elsheikh Samar , El-Yasergy Dina
Published: August 2022

BACKGROUND: Maspin (a tumor suppressor gene) is down-regulated in breast, prostate, gastric, and melanoma. Although it is not detected in normal pancreatic tissue, it is over-expressed in pancreatic cancer suggesting that maspin may play different activities in different cell types. Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PC) acquires maspin expression through hypomethylation of its promoter.

AIM: Because the discrimination between ampullary and periampullary carcinomas is challenging in advanced cases, this inspired us to search for the use of maspin expression to discriminate between ampullary carcinoma (AC), PC, duodenal adenocarcinoma (DC), and other confusing benign and inflammatory pancreatic lesions.

METHODS: Immunostaining for maspin was performed for 80 pancreaticoduodenal lesions. Sixty cases were malignant: 48 cases of pancreatic epithelial tumor (41 PC and 7 solid pseudopapillary neoplasm), 9 AC, and 3 DC. Twenty cases were non-malignant: 12 inflammatory (chronic pancreatitis), 5 benign neoplastic (serous cystadenomas), and 3 normal pancreatic tissue. Cytoplasmic and/or nuclear staining was considered positive as: Focally positive (5–50% of tumor cells), diffusely positive (>50% of tumor cells), or negative (<5% tumor cells).

RESULTS: Maspin expression (positive/negative), distribution (focal/diffuse), and nuclear expression are significantly different between PC, solid pseudopapillary neoplasm, AC, and DC. PC shows significantly higher expression with more diffuse positivity and more nuclear expression than other malignant groups. Forty cases of PC (40/41) (97.6%) showed positive expression; 28 of them (28/40) (70%) showed diffuse expression and 82.5% (33 cases) showed nuclear and cytoplasmic expression. Only one case (14.3%) (1/7) of solid pseudopapillary neoplasm showed positive focal cytoplasmic expression. Three AC cases (3/9) (33.3%) showed positive focal cytoplasmic expression. Two cases of DC (2/3) (66.7%) showed positive focal cytoplasmic expression. Maspin expression shows significant positive correlation with poor prognostic variables as tumor grade, lymphovascular invasion, T stage of PC. Minority of chronic pancreatitis and benign lesions are maspin positive with significant difference from the malignant groups.

CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that maspin can be of value in differentiating pancreatic adenocarcinoma from ampullary carcinoma, duodenal adenocarcinoma, and other confusing lesions as chronic pancreatitis.
Molecular docking investigation of anti-inflammatory herbal compounds as potential LOX-5 and COX-2 inhibitors
Authors: Vyshnevska Liliia , Severina Hanna I. , Prokopenko Yuliya , Shmalko Alexander
Published: August 2022

According to the World Journal of Gastroenterology, more than 5 million people worldwide suffer from inflammatory bowel disease. The use of phytotherapeutic remedies in treatment of chronic inflammatory processes can be an effective alternative in patient’s therapy. The advantage of herbal medicines is the ability to influence various links of pathogenesis, lack of addiction, and the absence of withdrawal syndrome with long-term use in chronic pathology. In order to develop a new combined remedy with anti-inflammatory activity for the treatment of colitis, thirteen herbs, which are used in official or traditional medicine in inflammatory processes, were selected among the Ukrainian flora members. To select the most promising drugs and optimize further pharmacological research, molecular docking of the main active substances of the selected herbs to the fundamental pro-inflammatory enzymes – lipoxygenase-5 (LOX-5) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) – was carried out. Native inhibitors AKBA and celecoxib, respectively, were used as the reference ligands. The selection of candidate structures for in silico research was carried out according to the bibliosemantic research and logical-structural analysis concerning anti-inflammatory effect of the substances, which are part of chemical composition of the selected herbs. Molecular docking results have shown a high affinity level for the active site of the LOX-5 inhibitor gallotannin, quercetin, inulin, sitosterine, and moderate for ellagic acid. High affinity level for the active site of the COX-2 inhibitor was found for inulin, quercetin, gallotannin, ellagic acid and urticin A, moderate one – for gallic acid. For the further pharmacological in vitro and in vivo studies for anti-inflammatory activity, medicinal herbs with the highest content of the mentioned compounds were selected: Inula helenium, Cichorium intybus, Capsella bursa-pastoris, Foeniculum vulgare, Equisetum arvense, Veronica officinalis. Besides, it is recommended to use aqueous extracts of the selected herbs for the further pharmacological studies.
A new phylogeny of Rumex (Polygonaceae) adds evolutionary context to the diversity of reproductive systems present in the genus
Authors: Grant Kirstie D. , Koenemann Daniel , Mansaray Janet , Ahmed Aisha , Khamar Hamid , El Oualidi Jalal , Burke Janelle M.
Published: August 2022

Rumexis one of about 50 genera in the knotweed family, Polygonaceae. The genus comprises about 200 species with bisexual, or more commonly, unisexual flowers, with the species displaying monoecious, dioecious, synoecious (hermaphroditic) or polygamous reproductive systems. Some of the dioecious species have heteromorphic sex chromosomes, which is rare amongst angiosperms. We here present a plastid phylogeny of 67 species, representing all four subgenera. For this study, we used three chloroplast markers,rbcL,trnH-psbA,trnL-Fand dense taxon sampling to reconstruct the most comprehensive molecular phylogeny ofRumexto date. The reconstructed phylogeny for this work resolves six major clades and one large grade in Rumex subg. Rumex. In addition, the species with known dioecious reproductive systems are resolved within a broader clade we term “the dioecious clade”. These results suggest that the species with divergent reproductive systems are more closely related to each other than to other species comprising the rest of theRumexgenus.
Telling Stories That Need Telling: A Dialogue on Resistance in Early Childhood Education
Authors: Archer Nathan , Albin-Clark Jo
Published: August 2022

Recent years have seen international and national policy intensification in early childhood education (ECE). This has manifested in multiple ways, including the design and implementation of increasingly prescriptive curricular policies. Against this backdrop some early educators are
pushing back. Drawing on work from their recent enquiries and doctoral studies, the authors surface less visible pockets of resistance, highlighting actions taken 'under the radar' to respond to such policy demands. 1 Taking the form of a dialogue between two ECE researchers, this paper explores
the actions of a number of educators who found subversive ways which circumvent, mediate and disrupt demands upon them. These multiple, 'below the surface' subversions and resistances illustrate ethical pedagogical decision-making in action.
An uncountable ergodic Roth theorem and applications
Authors: Durcik Polona , Greenfeld Rachel , Iseli Annina , Jamneshan Asgar , Madrid José
Published: August 2022

We establish an uncountable amenable ergodic Roth theorem, in which the acting group is not assumed to be countable and the space need not be separable. This generalizes a previous result of Bergelson, McCutcheon and Zhang, and complements a result of Zorin-Kranich. We establish the following two additional results: First, a combinatorial application about triangular patterns in certain subsets of the Cartesian square of arbitrary amenable groups, extending a result of Bergelson, McCutcheon and Zhang for countable amenable groups. Second, a new uniformity aspect in the double recurrence theorem for \begin{document}$ \Gamma $\end{document}-systems for uniformly amenable groups \begin{document}$ \Gamma $\end{document}. Our uncountable Roth theorem is crucial in the proof of both of these results.
$ \delta $-connectedness modulo an ideal
Authors: Singh Beenu , Singh Davinder
Published: August 2022

The aim of this paper is to introduce the notion of $ \delta $-connectedness modulo an ideal in proximity spaces. A sufficient condition for a $ \delta $-connected modulo an ideal proximity space to be connected modulo an ideal is defined. The notion of $ \delta $-connectedness modulo a proximal property is defined, and several results for $ \delta $-connectedness modulo compactness and modulo pseudocompactness are obtained. $ \delta $-perfect map for proximity spaces is defined and it is shown that the class of $ \delta $-perfect maps is properly contained in the class of perfect maps, and some results about $ \delta $-perfect maps are substantiated.
Preconditioned augmented Lagrangian method for mean curvature image deblurring
Authors: Ahmad Shahbaz , Fairag Faisal , Al-Mahdi Adel M. , Rahman Jamshaid ul
Published: August 2022

Image deblurring models with a mean curvature functional has been widely used to preserve edges and remove the staircase effect in the resulting images. However, the Euler-Lagrange equations of a mean curvature model can be used to solve fourth-order non-linear integro-differential equations. Furthermore, the discretization of fourth-order non-linear integro-differential equations produces an ill-conditioned system so that the numerical schemes like Krylov subspace methods (conjugate gradient etc.) have slow convergence. In this paper, we propose an augmented Lagrangian method for a mean curvature-based primal form of the image deblurring problem. A new circulant preconditioned matrix is introduced to overcome the problem of slow convergence when employing a conjugate gradient method inside of the augmented Lagrangian method. By using the proposed new preconditioner fast convergence has been observed in the numerical results. Moreover, a comparison with the existing numerical methods further reveal the effectiveness of the preconditioned augmented Lagrangian method.
Knowledge and Attitudes of Indonesian General Practitioners Towards the Isoniazid Preventive Therapy Program in Indonesia
Authors: Winardi Wira , Yudistira Nalapraya Widhy , Sarifuddin Sarifuddin , Anwar Samsul , Yufika Amanda , Wibowo Adityo , Fadhil Iziddin , Wahyuni MS Hendra , Arliny Yunita , Behtri Yanifitri Dewi , Zulfikar Teuku , Harapan Harapan
Published: August 2022

Objectives: The Indonesian Ministry of Health launched isoniazid preventive therapy (IPT) in 2016, with general practitioners (GPs) at the frontline of this program. However, the extent to which GPs have internalized this program remains uncertain. The aim of this study was to identify the knowledge and attitudes of GPs towards the IPT program in Indonesia.Methods: This study used an online, self-administered questionnaire distributed via e-mail and social messaging services. A logistic regression model was employed to identify the explanatory variables influencing the level of knowledge and attitudes toward IPT among GPs in Indonesia. An empirical analysis was conducted separately for each response variable (knowledge and attitudes).Results: Of the 418 respondents, 128 (30.6%) had a good knowledge of IPT. Working at a public hospital was the only variable associated with good knowledge, with an adjusted odds ratio (aOR) of 1.69 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.02 to 2.81). Furthermore, 279 respondents (66.7%) had favorable attitudes toward IPT. In the adjusted logistic regression analysis, good knowledge (aOR, 0.55; 95% CI, 0.34 to 0.89), 1-5 years of work experience (aOR, 2.09; 95% CI, 1.21 to 3.60), and having experienced IPT training (aOR, 0.48; 95% CI, 0.25 to 0.93), were significantly associated with favorable attitudes.Conclusions: In general, GPs in Indonesia had favorable attitudes toward IPT. However, their knowledge of IPT was limited. GPs are an essential element of the IPT program in the country, and therefore, adequate information dissemination to improve their understanding is critical for the long-term viability and quality of the IPT program in Indonesia.
The Musicality of Speech
Authors: Lewis James H. P.
Published: August 2022

It is common for people to be sensitive to aesthetic qualities in one another’s speech. We allow the loveliness or unloveliness of a person’s voice to make impressions on us. What is more, it is also common to allow those aesthetic impressions to affect how we are inclined to feel about the speaker. We form attitudes of liking, trusting, disliking or distrusting partly in virtue of the aesthetic qualities of a person’s speech.In this paper I ask whether such attitudes could ever be legitimate. This is a microcosm of the broader issue of whether people’s aesthetic qualities in general can justify the interpersonal valuing attitudes that they so often cause. I draw from recent discussions of body aesthetics to articulate  a pair of challenges. One challenge says that aesthetic judgements of speech are reliant on unjustifiable prejudices. The other holds that a person’s aesthetic qualities are irrelevant to whether they should be liked.Against these challenges I argue that some speech can bear aesthetic qualities which are not reliant on prejudice and which are relevant to whether the speaker should be liked. I develop this argument through an analysis of the concept of lyricism.
Fuzzy-Based Social Relationship-Aware Routing Scheme for Opportunistic Networks
Authors: Rani  , Malik Amita
Published: August 2022

Opportunistic network is the current area of research which facilitates message delivery between the nodes where there is no end-to-end connectivity. The most of the existing routing schemes in Opportunistic networks consume high resources and leads to decline in network efficiency. So, designing an efficient routing scheme for OppNets always remains a stimulating task due to high mobility of nodes, absence of an end-to-end connectivity and the lack of further knowledge about the network topology. In this research paper we propose a novel Fuzzy based Social relationshipAware Routing (F-SAR) scheme in which the decision of the best forwarder to forward the message depend on fuzzy inference system considering residual energy, buffer availability and social relationship of nodes. This routing scheme is simulated in “The ONE” simulator and the results shows that it outperforms SnW, Prophet, and FLDEAR in terms of delivery rate, message transmission overhead, and average latency
Enhancing Cryptography of Grayscale Images via Resilience Randomization Flexibility
Authors: Gutub Adnan
Published: August 2022

Images are the most used e-files within normal personal life utilization affecting overall community safety and security. This research focuses on grayscale images security via resilience crypto-encryption nonviolent utilization. The work relies on flexibility XOR randomizations searching for most secure image crypto scheme testing different pseudo random number generators (PRNG) aiming to select best choice for security enhancement. The experimentations assume flexibly in selecting crypto operation as well as PRNG changings depending on e-image variations. The research implements several encryption schemes adopting substitution and transposition in variance attempts. All PRNGs are tested to encrypt the grayscale images revealing attractive prioritization remarks. The paper search anticipates to recognize an overview of enhancing cryptography of grayscale images via resilience randomization flexibility. The work PRNG and crypto-operation flexibility provided best interesting privacy intellectual image security as innovative basic crypto research track to build upon.
Malware Threat Affecting Financial Organization Analysis Using Machine Learning Approach
Authors: Rawat Romil , Sarangi Sanjaya Kumar , Rimal Yagya Nath , William P. , Dahima Snehil , Gupta Sonali , Sankaran K. Sakthidasan
Published: August 2022

Since 2014, Emotet has been using man-in-the-browsers (MITB) attacks to target companies in the finance industry and their clients. Its key aim is to steal victims' online money-lending records and vital credentials as they go to their banks' websites. Without analyzing network packet payload computing (PPC), IP address labels, port number traces, or protocol knowledge, the authors have used machine learning (ML) modeling to detect Emotet malware infections and recognize Emotet-related congestion flows in this work. To classify Emotet-associated flows and detect Emotet infections, the output outcome values are compared by four separate popular ML algorithms: RF (random forest), MLP (multi-layer perceptron), SMO (sequential minimal optimization technique), and the LRM (logistic regression model). The suggested classifier is then improved by determining the right hyperparameter and attribute set range. Using network packet (computation) identifiers, the random forest classifier detects Emotet-based flows with 99.9726% precision and a 92.3% true positive rating.
A New Cloud-Based Adaptive Mobile Learning System Using Multi-Agent Paradigm
Authors: Chouchane Khamssa , Kazar Okba
Published: August 2022

Today, Mobile devices are receiving a wide recognition as a cutting-edge technology to assist teaching and learning strategies that harness individual learners’ context. As mobile technology is being resorted to in education systems, tools that help accessing information have changed. In similar fashion, concepts such as Mobile Learning have emerged. Mobile learning is widespread. Furthermore, students nowadays are able to learn regardless of time and place. This is accomplished by mobile technologies and wireless internet connections. Nevertheless, there are still critical challenges regarding this new learning paradigm. In fact, researchers are meeting a difficulty related to providing accessibility for all students. This paper introduces a New Cloud-based Adaptive Mobile Learning System using a Multi-agent paradigm. The system provides adaptive learning content and personalised to the learner’s style and preferences, to increase learner satisfaction and facilitate the learning process. The system was implemented and will be tested with students in a real educational environment.
Subcutaneous finger cardioverter-defibrillator in low weight paediatric patients: a case series
Authors: Sarubbi Berardo , Farina Gabriella , Colonna Diego , Correra Anna , Romeo Emanuele , Ciriello Giovanni Domenico , Oppido Guido , Russo Maria Giovanna
Published: August 2022

Placement of traditional transvenous implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) system in low-weight children is often difficult because of their vessel size, the elevated risk of lead malfunction and failure, children’s growth and various anatomic constraints, creating the need for alternative solutions. Subcutaneous array leads combined with an abdominally placed ICD device can minimize the surgical approach. In this case series, we analyse the data behind indications for subcutaneous finger cardioverter defibrillator (SFCD) and discuss the preliminary clinical experience in low-weight children. We considered 4 consecutive children (mean age 3.9 years, range 3-5.5 years, mean body weight 17.6 Kg, range 14-23 Kg) who underwent SFCD implant from April 2016 to August 2020. All patients showed a good compliance to the device system with no complications (infections or skin erosions). No patients experienced in the observation period (mean time 44.5±21.5 months) sustained ventricular arrhythmias requiring shocks. No inappropriate shocks released by the device occurred. No significant changes were observed in LET (lowest energy tested) performed around 24 months of follow-up. All patients showed a good compliance and stable atrio-ventricular sensing and pacing thresholds. In smaller children in whom a transvenous approach is not feasible or not possible for anatomic reasons, the SFCD appears to be a safe method to prevent SCD with little surgical trauma and preservation of an intact vascular system, providing an adequate bridge to transvenous ICD or subcutaneous ICD implant late in the life.
Exploring the Mechanism of Tripterygium wilfordii Against Cancer Using Network Pharmacology and Molecular Docking
Authors: Xiao Shui-Xiu , Li Shao-Jin , Fang Wan-Xian , Chen Jv , Li Hai-Jian , Situ Yong-Li
Published: August 2022

Background:

The root of Tripterygium wilfordii (Tripterygii radix), a natural powerful traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) for various diseases treatment, has been used for centuries in the Asian countries as anti-rheumatoid arthritis (RA) agent, antioxidant agent, and anti-inflammatory agent. Its combination with other herbs in treating RA has been explored. The anti-RA effect of T. wilfordii for cancer treatment has been supported by some evidence.

Aims and Objectives:

To investigate the anticancer mechanism of T. wilfordii, bioinformatics databases were used to identify its active ingredients.

Materials and Methods:

Target proteins associated with cancer were determined using a network pharmacology analysis platform, and 25 key active compounds and 55 key targets of T. wilfordii were identified in our study. A common potential mechanism of T. wilfordii involvement in cancer was disclosed by in-depth network analysis of diseases, functions, and pathways. Finally, the analysis results of the TCM-disease target protein interaction network revealed 5 potential targets; subsequently, a total of 30 targets (these 5 targets, as well as 25 previously identified compounds) were subjected to molecular docking.

Results:

Our results showed that the therapeutic effect of T. wilfordii in cancer is characterized by multiple components, targets, and pathways. The regulation of signaling pathways such as Kaposi sarcoma-associated herpes virus infection, colorectal cancer, small-cell lung cancer, and prostate cancer may be the important pharmacodynamic basis of anticancer therapy.

Conclusion:

Triptonoditerpenic acid inhibited proliferation and induced apoptosis in SW480 cells. The mechanism may be related to the downregulation of Bcl-2 expression, upregulation of Bax mRNA expression, and expression inhibition of PTGS2.
The Electrical Conductivity and Dielectric Properties of Dental Glass Ionomer Cements
Authors: Reddy Kola Srikanth , Nareshnaik Dungavath , Sunil Veera Venkata Naga , Ali Mirmujahed , Kumari Ganapathy Aruna , Chatta Jemina Shiny
Published: August 2022

Introduction:

Glass ionomer cements find extensive use as dental restoratives for their biocompatibility, favorable mechanical properties, and sustained fluoride ion release. The measurement of the dielectric constant and resistivity of these materials has been used to monitor their setting characteristics. The aims was to study the conductivity and dielectric constant of the dental glass ionomer cement.

Materials and Methods:

Commercially available GIC cement was mixed according to the manufacturer's instructions. The resistivity of the samples was measured using an Inductance(L), Capacitance(C), Resistance(R) meter. The measurements were made both in the initially set samples and after the samples were set for 24 hours. The conductivity and dielectric constant of the samples were calculated.

Results:

There was an increase in the resistivity of the samples and hence a decrease in the conductivity and decrease in the dielectric constant of the samples with an increase in setting time.

Conclusion:

With the progression of the setting reaction, the Glass ionomer cement changes from ionic to nonionic state, hence causing an increase in the resistivity and decrease in the conductivity and dielectric constant, which suggests that GIC acts as an insulator to thermal and galvanic currents.
A Systemic Security and Privacy Review: Attacks and Prevention Mechanisms over IOT Layers
Authors: Akhtar Muhammad  Shoaib , Feng Tao
Published: August 2022

In this contemporary era internet of things are used in every realm of life. Recent software’s (e.g., vehicle networking, smart grid, and wearable) are established in result of its use: furthermore, as development, consolidation, and revolution of varied ancient areas (e.g., medical and automotive). The number of devices connected in conjunction with the ad-hoc nature of the system any exacerbates the case. Therefore, security and privacy has emerged as a big challenge for the IoT. This paper provides an outline of IoT security attacks on Three-Layer Architecture: Three-layer such as application layer, network layer, perception layer/physical layer and attacks that are associated with these layers will be discussed. Moreover, this paper will provide some possible solution mechanisms for such attacks. The aim is to produce a radical survey associated with the privacy and security challenges of the IoT. This paper addresses these challenges from the attitude of technologies and design used. The objective of this paper is to rendering possible solution for various attacks on different layers of IoT architecture. It also presents comparison based on reviewing multiple solutions and defines the best one solution for a specific attack on particular layer.
On the trend to global equilibrium for Kuramoto oscillators
Authors: Morales Javier , Poyato David
Published: August 2022

In this paper we study convergence to the stable equilibrium for Kuramoto oscillators.
Specifically, we derive estimates on the rate of convergence to the global equilibrium for solutions
of the Kuramoto–Sakaguchi equation departing from generic initial data in a large coupling strength
regime. As a by-product, using the stability of the equation in the Wasserstein distance, we quantify
the rate at which discrete Kuramoto oscillators concentrate around the global equilibrium. In
doing this, we achieve a quantitative estimate in which the probability that oscillators concentrate
at the given rate tends to 1 as the number of oscillators increases. Among the essential steps in
our proof are (1) an entropy production estimate inspired by the formal Riemannian structure of
the space of probability measures, first introduced by Otto (2001); (2) a new quantitative estimate
on the instability of equilibria with antipodal oscillators based on the dynamics of norms of the
solution in sets evolving by the continuity equation; (3) the use of generalized local logarithmic
Sobolev- and Talagrand-type inequalities, similar to those derived by Otto and Villani (2000); (4)
the study of a system of coupled differential inequalities by a treatment inspired by Desvillettes and
Villani (2005). Since the Kuramoto–Sakaguchi equation is not a gradient flow with respect to the
Wasserstein distance, we derive such inequalities under a suitable fibered transportation distance.
Existence of nonnegative solutions to stochastic thin-film equations in two space dimensions
Authors: Metzger Stefan , Grün Günther
Published: August 2022

We prove the existence of martingale solutions to stochastic thin-film equations in the physically relevant space dimension

d=2

. Conceptually, we rely on a stochastic Faedo–Galerkin approach using tensor-product linear finite elements in space. Augmenting the physical energy on the approximate level by a curvature term weighted by positive powers of the spatial discretization parameter

h

, we combine Itô’s formula with inverse estimates and appropriate stopping time arguments to derive stochastic counterparts of the energy and entropy estimates known from the deterministic setting. In the limit

h\searrow 0

, we prove our strictly positive finite element solutions to converge towards nonnegative martingale solutions—making use of compactness arguments based on Jakubowski’s generalization of Skorokhod's theorem and subtle exhaustion arguments to identify third-order spatial derivatives in the flux terms.
Local and non-local improved Hardy inequalities with weights
Authors: Canale Anna
Published: August 2022

The main result in this paper is an improved Hardy inequality for functions in weighted Sobolev spaces, for a class of potentials that perturbs the inverse square potentials and for weight functions satisfying the Hölder condition. As a consequence, we derive some local improved Hardy inequalities.

An application to evolution problems with Kolmogorov operators is shown.
Positive association of unhealthy plant-based diets with the incidence of abdominal obesity in Korea: a comparison of baseline, most recent, and cumulative average diets
Authors: Jung Sukyoung , Park Sohyun
Published: August 2022

OBJECTIVES: Different approaches for analyzing repeated dietary measurements may yield differences in the magnitude and interpretation of findings. We aimed to compare 3 dietary measurements (baseline, most recent, and cumulative average) in terms of the association between plant-based diet indices (PDIs) and incident abdominal obesity in Korean adults aged 40-69 years.METHODS: This study included 6,054 participants (54% women) free of abdominal obesity (defined as waist circumference ≥90 cm for men and ≥85 cm for women) at baseline. As exposures, baseline, most recent, and cumulative average measurements for PDI, healthy-PDI (hPDI), and unhealthy-PDI (uPDI) were created. A Cox proportional-hazard model was used to estimate the hazard ratios (HRs) for abdominal obesity.RESULTS: During 45,818 person-years of follow-up (median, 9 years), we identified 1,778 incident cases of abdominal obesity. In the multivariable-adjusted analysis, a higher uPDI was associated with a higher risk of abdominal obesity in both total and stratified analyses. The findings were consistent across all approaches (Q5 vs. Q1: HRbaseline=1.70; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.46 to 1.98; HRmost recent=1.52; 95% CI, 1.30 to 1.78; HRcumulative average=1.76; 95% CI, 1.51 to 2.06 in the total set). PDI showed no meaningful association with abdominal obesity risk in any analyses. hPDIaverage had a suggestive inverse association with abdominal obesity risk in men, and hPDIbaseline had a positive association with abdominal obesity risk in women.CONCLUSIONS: Greater adherence to unhealthy plant-based diets may increase the risk of developing abdominal obesity in Korean adults. The findings were generally consistent across all approaches.
Physical and mental health characteristics related to trust in and intention to receive COVID-19 vaccination: results from a Korean community-based longitudinal study
Authors: Jeon Ye Jin , Lee Youngrong , Yang Ji Su , Park Young Su , Jung Sun Jae
Published: August 2022

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to explore factors affecting attitudes toward coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination, including socio-demographic characteristics and mental health status during the pandemic.METHODS: This study analyzed responses from 1,768 participants who were originally included in a community cohort study and responded to 3 online surveys related to COVID-19 (March 2020 to March 2021). The k-means method was used to cluster trust in and intention to receive COVID-19 vaccination. Baseline (2013-2018) socio-demographic characteristics, physical health status, and depressive symptoms were analyzed as exposure variables, and current mental health status was included in the analyses.RESULTS: Almost half of all participants were classified into the moderate trust and high intention cluster (n=838, 47.4%); those with high trust and high intention accounted only for 16.9%. They tended to be older, had high-income levels, and engaged in regular physical activity at baseline (p<0.05), and their sleep quality and psychological resilience were relatively high compared to other groups.CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that more efforts are required to enhance the perceived need for and trust in COVID-19 vaccination.
The incidence of phlebitis development of high concentration of continuous amiodarone infusion with in-line filter compared to the low concentration without in-line filter: a retrospective propensity score-matched analysis
Authors: Cheewatanakornkul Sirichai , Vattanaprasan Piyanai , Uppanisakorn Supattra , Bhurayanontachai Rungsun
Published: August 2022

Background: Phlebitis-associated peripheral infusion of intravenous amiodarone is common in clinical practice, with an incidence between 5% and 65%. Several factors, including drug concentration, catheter size, and in-line filter used, are significantly associated with phlebitis occurrence. We performed a retrospective propensity score-matched analysis to find out whether in-line filter will reduce the incidence of amiodarone-induced phlebitis (AIP) in high concentration of amiodarone infusion compared to low concentration without in-line filter.Methods: Clinical records of all patients who required intravenous amiodarone infusion for cardiac arrhythmias, between January 2017 to December 2019 were retrieved. The incidence of AIP was recorded and subsequently compared among high concentration (2 mg/ml) with an in-line filter and low concentration (1.5 mg/ml) infusion without an in-line filter after a 1 to 2 propensity score matched.Results: The data indicated that among the 214 cases of amiodarone infusion collected, 28 cases used an in-line filter with high concentration while 186 cases received a low concentration of amiodarone infusion without an in-line filter. After 1:2 propensity score matching, the incidence of phlebitis in the high concentration with in-line filter group was significantly higher than the low concentration without in-line filter group (28.6% vs. 3.6%, P<0.01).Conclusions: Despite the usage of in-line filter, the high concentration of amiodarone infusion resulted in a higher incidence of peripheral phlebitis. Central venous catheterization for a high concentration of amiodarone infusion is recommended.
The concept of restriction of competition: time for a rethink?
Authors: Vajda QC Christopher
Published: August 2022

Following the end of the transition period after the UK’s exit from the European Union, the UK courts and the Competition Tribunal may, in certain circumstances, depart from the pre-exit case law of the EU courts. This article considers, by reference to the Court of Justice’s judgments in Generics (UK) v. Competition and Markets Authority and Budapest Bank and the Tribunal’s Supplementary Judgment in Generics (UK) v. Competition and Markets Authority, whether it would be appropriate for the UK courts and the Tribunal to depart from the case law on when an agreement has the object of restricting competition by object, so as to develop a more holistic approach to the concepts of a restriction of competition ‘by object’ and ‘by effect’, by considering together the object and effect of an agreement.
Mask Covered Face Recognition Using Haar Cascade Classifier and Fuzzy Logic
Authors:   Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Delhi Technological University, Delhi, India, Thapliyal Amitabh , Verma Om Prakash , Kumar Amioy
Published: August 2022

Right from the beginning of the COVID-19 outbreak, everyone is aware of the havoc caused by the pandemic. To curb its spread, every healthcare agency and civic body around the globe has been advising to wear masks. However, this necessary practice has posed a significant challenge for the modern-day Facial Recognition technology. Face recognition finds significant application in the security domain that demands speed and accuracy both simultaneously. This requires the system to be highly optimized and efficient. Through this paper, we present a novel approach using Haar cascade classifier for face detection with Local Binary Patterns Histograms (LBPH) face recognizer. This work further goes on to address the various problems that occur when the user wears a mask that covers a different area and percentage coverage of the face resulting in inaccuracies as various tests come with false negatives or false positives. This problem is addressed by making use of a fuzzybased system that decides the “threshold confidence score” needed to pass the authentication dynamically. Our proposed model for masked Face recognition achieves an accuracy of 86% when a Haar-feature-based cascade classifier with LBPH face recognizer is used standalone which further improves to around 97% when used in conjunction with a fuzzy system
Introdução à codificação de textos em TEI (parte 1)
Authors: Vaughan Nicolás
Published: August 2022

Com esta lição, (a primeira de duas partes) aprenderá as bases de TEI-XML para codificar textos