bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Seasonal Variation of Eutrophication in Some Lakes of Danube Delta Biosphere Reserve
Authors: Török Liliana , Török Zsolt , Carstea Elfrida M. , Savastru Dan
Published: February 2017

To understand the trophic state of lakes, this study aims to determine the dynamics of phytoplankton assemblages and the main factors that influence their seasonal variation. Sampling campaigns were carried out in three lakes from the Danube Delta Biosphere Reserve. Spectral analysis of specific phytoplankton pigments was applied as a diagnostic marker to establish the distribution and composition of phytoplankton taxonomic groups. Fluorescence spectroscopy was used to quantify changes in dissolved organic matter (DOM). The relative contribution of the main phytoplankton groups to the total phytoplankton biomass and the trend of development during succession of the seasons showed that cyanobacteria could raise potential ecological or human health problems. Moreover, fluorescence spectroscopy revealed that Cryptophyta and cyanobacteria were the main contributors to the protein‐like components of DOM. It was concluded that fluorescence could be used to provide a qualitative evaluation of the eutrophication degree in Danube Delta lakes.
Effects of HRT and Loading Rate on Performance of Carriers‐Amended Anammox UASB Reactors
Authors: Chen Chongjun , Zhu Weijing , Huang Xiaoxiao , Zhang Tian C. , Wu Weixiang , Sun Faqian
Published: February 2017

Effects of hydraulic retention time (HRT) and nitrogen loading rate (NLR) on performance of anammox UASBs amended with spherical plastic and bamboo charcoal carriers were investigated. During the experimental period, the performance of reactors was continuously evaluated by monitoring ammonium‐N, nitrite‐N, and nitrate‐N at HRT of 48, 36, 24, and 12 hours. With HRTs between 24 and 48 hours, the ammonium‐N and nitrite‐N removal efficiency was higher than 99%, while the total nitrogen (TN) removal efficiency was almost higher than 90%. When HRT decreased to 12 hours with NLR increasing to 0.16 kg N m−3 d−1, ammonium‐N, and TN removal efficiency decreased to 87 and 80%, respectively. Moreover, phylogenetic analysis revealed anammox community still existed at the HRT of 12 hours and was most closely related to C. Brocadia sp.40. In addition, different types of carriers had no significant influence on the anammox community.
Assessment and Ecological Risk of Heavy Metals in Sediment and Molluscs from the Mediterranean Coast
Authors: El Nemr Ahmed , El‐Said Ghada F.
Published: February 2017

Heavy metal contamination in both sediments and molluscs from the Egyptian Mediterranean coast was investigated. Seawater, sediments, and mollusc samples were collected from representative locations along the coastal area. Different representations of the data set, including, statistical methods (correlation matrix and cluster analyses), various sediment quality assessment methods, and bioaccumulation factor calculation, were combined to investigate the trends of heavy metals, identify pollution sources, and assess sediment quality from a toxicological point of view. The measurements of dissolved oxygen (DO) revealed to relatively well oxygenate surface water in all locations. There is a distinct change in the contents of heavy metals (Fe, Al, Zn, Cu, Ni, Cr, Pb, Cd, and Hg) among the sampling sediments. The statistical interpretations showed that the bio‐availability of the studied heavy metals is controlled by different factors, including the geochemistry of sediments, the hydrology of the system, the uptake of metals from sediments, as well as human anthropogenic activities. Although, there are still certain points of the Egyptian Mediterranean coast with a relatively high concentration of toxic metals, the toxicological approach suggests that the risk for living organisms is not high, but, in the long run, toxicological implications can appear. These results can provide useful information for the local managers and decision makers.
Selecting Sustainability Indicators for Small to Medium Sized Urban Water Systems Using Fuzzy‐ELECTRE
Authors: Chhipi‐Shrestha Gyan , Hewage Kasun , Sadiq Rehan
Published: February 2017

Urban water systems (UWSs) are challenged by the sustainability perspective. Certain limitations of the sustainability of centralized UWSs and decentralized household level wastewater treatments can be overcome by managing UWSs at an intermediate scale, referred to as small to medium sized UWSs (SMUWSs). SMUWSs are different from large UWSs, mainly in terms of smaller infrastructure, data limitation, smaller service area, and institutional limitations. Moreover, sustainability assessment systems to evaluate the sustainability of an entire UWS are very limited and confined only to large UWSs. This research addressed the gap and has developed a set of 38 applied sustainability performance indicators (SPIs) by using fuzzy‐Elimination and Choice Translating Reality (ELECTRE) I outranking method to assess the sustainability of SMUWSs. The developed set of SPIs can be applied to existing and new SMUWSs and also provides a flexibility to include additional SPIs in the future based on the same selection criteria.
Ultrasonic Destruction of Acid Orange 7: Effect of Humic Acid, Surfactants and Complex Matrices
Authors: Hamdaoui Oualid , Merouani Slimane
Published: February 2017

The ultrasonic degradation at 600 kHz of an azo dye, acid orange 7 (AO7), in the presence of various dissolved natural organic matters (humic acid and surfactants) and in environmentally relevant matrices (natural water and seawater) was investigated. Additionally, the dependence of AO7 degradation on several operating parameters was clarified. The obtained results showed that ultrasound completely destroyed AO7 in 90 min of treatment but only 10% of TOC was removed after a long irradiation time. Investigations using the radical scavengers tert‐butyl alcohol and KI revealed that AO7 degradation proceeds through radical reactions occurring at the bubble–liquid interface. AO7 conversion was strongly affected by the operating conditions. While the degradation of the dye was not affected by the presence of humic acid, it was impacted negatively by the presence of surfactants. Replacing deionized water by natural water and seawater as real environmental matrices did not affect the degradation of the dye.
Developing an Integrated Modeling Tool for River Water Quality Index Assessment
Authors: Lai Y.C. , Chien C.C. , Yang Z.H. , Surampalli Rao Y. , Kao C.M.
Published: February 2017

The goal of this study was to establish a modeling tool for river water quality with a direct linkage to the water quality index (WQI5) calculation and the river water quality model, the Water Quality Analysis Simulation Program (WASP), for pollutant transport modeling. The integrated WASP and WQI5 tool was field‐tested to assess pollutant loadings and their impacts on river environment. Suspended solid (SS) and electric conductivity (EC) correlation equations and the WQI5 calculation tool were included in the water quality model and direct WQI5 calculation. The SS concentration, which was influenced by river flows, had crucial effects on river water quality and WQI5 values. EC value was controlled by dissolution of soil minerals, which was affected by the watershed drainage area and surface runoff. The integrated system could establish a direct correlation for river water quality, river flow, and WQI5.
Effects of Reclaimed Water on the Characteristics of Dimethyl Phthalate Adsorption on Sediments
Authors: Ning Zigong , Li Pengxiang , Zhou Shuang , Li Yunkai , Ishiguro Munehide , Zhao Wei , Wang Meie
Published: February 2017

Adsorptions of Dimethyl Phthalate (DMP) on three sediments in both reclaimed and ultrapure water were studied using the batch technique and the effects of reclaimed water on it were clarified. The data were interpreted by using Freundlich and Dubinin‐Radushkviech models. The values of 1/n were among 0.207 to 0.766, showing the presence of multiple adsorption sites on sediments. Compared with the ultrapure water as the background solution, the adsorption capacities of sediments for DMP were reduced in case of reclaimed water due to the competition of substances in reclaimed water. The mean adsorption energy, E, is smaller in the reclaimed water than that in ultrapure water.
A Simple Two‐Step Cloud Point Extraction Process for Removing Fluorescent Whitening Agents VBL in Industrial Wastewater and Recycling of Surfactant
Authors: Han Juan , Tang Xu , Wang Yun , Li Jing , Ni Liang , Wang Lei
Published: February 2017

With the enhancement of people's environmental consciousness, the treatment of wastewater was studied as the focus of this paper. Here we present a simple two‐step extraction to realize efficient separation of fluorescent whitening agents VBL and cyclic utilization of surfactant to reduce the cost of wastewater treatment and environmental pollution. Firstly, the removal of VBL has been achieved by CPE using TX‐114 as nonionic surfactant. The results showed that complete extraction was possible using 1% (w/w) TX‐114 for VBL concentration not exceeding 17.5 mg/L, otherwise using a higher concentration of 1.5% (w/w) TX‐114. Then the surfactant from the coacervate phase was recycled by changing the potential difference between phases. The morphology of micelles and solubilization mechanism of VBL were demonstrated through the observation of a fluorescent microscope. This method was successfully used to remove the VBL from wastewater sample and the surfactant could be reused several times.
Evaluasi Pelaksanaan Praktik Kerja Industri Siswa Kompetensi Keahlian Jasa Boga SMK N 3 Purworejo
Authors: Iriani Dwi Sapitri , Soeharto Soeharto
Published: February 2017

This study aims to investigate and evaluate: 1) component of context; 2) component of input; 3) component of process; and 4) component of product. The study employed the CIPP model. The research subjects were 65 respondents. The data were collected through a questionnaire, observations, interviews, and documentation. The quantitative data were processed descriptively using SPSS 16.0 program for Windows. The results of the study showed that for context component, there were 34.9% students who strongly agreed, 61.5% who agreed. There were 75% supervising teachers who strongly agreed, 25% who agreed. 100% BS/IS supervisors strongly agreed. The input component, there were 51% students who strongly agreed, 48.8% who agreed. There were supervising 87.5% teachers who strongly agreed, 12.5% who agreed. 100% BS/IS supervisors strongly agreed. The process component, there were 30.2% students who strongly agreed, 48.8% who agreed. There were 62.5% supervising teachers who strongly agreed, 37.5% who agreed. 100% BS/IS supervisors strongly agreed. The product component, there were 41.9% students who strongly agreed, 58.1% who agreed. There were 75.0% supervising teachers who strongly agreed, 25.0% who agreed. 100% BS/IS supervisors strongly agreed. In conclusion, all indicators in each component have been suitable with the implementation of the industrial work practicum in SMK N 3 Purworejo.
Limbah Kulit Pisang Sebagai Alternatif Pengganti Pewarna Sintetis Pada Bedak Tabur
Authors: Tritanti Asi , Pranita Ika
Published: February 2017

This research aims at finding out (1) the process of making banana peel powder that can be used as an alternative for synthetic dyes, (2) the characteristics of banana peel powder product, (3) the result of banana peel coloring powder compared to synthetic coloring, yellow metanil. This study can be categorized as experimental study using two groups of subjects; one group was given a specific treatment while another was used as the control group. The data of the study were collected using labsheets, questionnaires and laboratory testing. Data analysis technique used descriptive statistics, T-Test, and Anova Test. The findings showed that control dye had a bright yellow color while the samples treated with A2 had a dark yellow. Tukey test of A2 treatment showed the score of Tukeytable 3,25< 3,80. It means color intensity from A2 treatment was similar to the control group. The result of laboratory testing showed that the sample of banana peel powder with A2 treatment had the water content of 3,72% in the first test and 3,87 in the second test. Meanwhile, pH value was 6,7 in the first test and 6,6 in the second test.
Penerapan Model Project Based Learning untuk Meningkatan Kinerja dan Prestasi Belajar Fisika Siswa SMK
Authors: Mulyadi Eko
Published: February 2017

This study aims at improving the students’ performance and achievement in grade XI AV1 of SMK Negeri 3 Yogyakarta with the application of Project Based Learning in Physics learning for Static Electricity and Direct Current Electricity competencies. This study used a classroom action research approach implementing two cycles. Every cycle consisted of planning, action, observation and reflection. The PjBL included the steps of determining, planning, scheduling, monitoring, presentation and evaluation. The aspects of the achievement were measured by a pre-test, a product assessment, and a post-test. The results showed that the application of PjBL improved the performance up to 18.75% and improved the achievement 15.70 and 24.63 for the first cycle and the second cycle respectively.
Model Pembelajaran Praktik Pengayaan Motor Listrik Arus Searah Berbantuan Program Delphi
Authors: Djatmiko Istanto Wahyu , Sunyoto Sunyoto , Hertanto Deny Budi
Published: February 2017

This study aims to determine the quality of the direct current electric motor enrichment practice learning media utilizing the Delphi program, the effectiveness of the media, and the enrichment practice learning model utilizing the Delphi program. This study was categorized as a research and development. The subjects of the study were 15 students of the Electrical Engineering department in Engineering Faculty of Yogyakarta State University. The data was analysed descriptively and described in frequency distribution categories. The results of the study were: (1) the quality of the developed materials and the quality of the developed media were categorized as very good and good respectively (2) the effectiveness of the materials was categorized as good (3) the applicable procedure of the developed learning media for the students
Strategi Training within Industry sebagai Upaya Peningkatan Kepercayaan Diri Siswa pada Mata Pelajaran Pengolahan Makanan Kontinental
Authors: Marini Chomzana Kinta
Published: February 2017

Practices in Vocational High Schools hold an important role, because through practices, students could master the skills optimally. Confidence is a significant aspect that should be owned by students to conduct the practices. However in the field, there were several students of grade XI Jasa Boga I of SMKN 1 Sewon who had low confidence in the Continental Cuisine Practice. This was indicated by the hesitation of the students in conducting the practices. Every group depended on the teacher’ assistance. This action research was conducted in three cycles that consisted of planning, implementation, observation, and reflection. The results of the study showed an improvement of the students’ confidence from 2.49 become 2.66 and 2.86 in the subject of Continental Cuisine through Training within Industry Strategy.
Efektivitas Unit Produksi sebagai Sumber Belajar Kewirausahaan di SMK Kota Yogyakarta
Authors: Yuliansah Yuliansah , Rasyid Aliyah A.
Published: February 2017

The objective of this study was to determine how production units can be used effectively as an entreprenuership learning resource to increase the entrepreneurial learning motivation, to clarify the content of the entrepreneurial learning materials and to provide direct experiences for the Vocational High Schools students in Yogyakarta. This study is survey research with quantitative approach. The population of this study were 1.995 students of grade XI and grade XII at 17 Vocational High School in Yogyakarta. 333 students were selected as the sample. Questionnaires and documentation were used for collecting the data. The data was analysed through quantitative descriptive analysis using the Microsoft Excel software. The result of this study indicated that: (1) Production units were effective to increase the intrinsic entrepreneurial learning motivation of the students (2) Production units were ineffective to increase the extrinsic entrepreneurial learning motivation of the students (3) Production units were ineffective to clarify the entrepreneurial learning materials (4) Production units were ineffective to provide direct experiences for the students.
Pembelajaran Kontekstual pada Mata Kuliah Restoran untuk Meningkatkan Kompetensi Mahasiswa Pendidikan Teknik Boga
Authors: Ekawatiningsih Prihastuti
Published: February 2017

The objective of this study was to improve the quality of learning in the subject of Restaurant indicated by the improvement of learning activities and the students’ achievement through the application of contextual learning in the department of Hospitality Engineering. This study is categorised into classroom action research. The data was analysed descriptively. The results revealed: (1) The students were more active in the learning process as indicated by the improvement of the learning activities proved by the following data: in the first cycle, the percentages of the students who pay attention to the lecturers’ explanation, answer questions by providing daily life examples, express opinions, and conduct presentations were 47.5%, 25% 12.5%, 15% respectively, while in the second cycle, they were 52.5%, 12.5%, 50%, 10% respectively. (2) The students demonstrate better mastery of the materials as indicated by the following data: the percentages of the students who achieved very good, good, fair and poor scores were 10%, 50%, 15% and 25% respectively while in the second cycle the students who achieved very good and good scores were 62.5% and 37.5% respectively.Tujuan penelitian ini untuk meningkatkan kualitas pembelajaran mata kuliah Restoran yang ditunjukkan dengan peningkatan aktivitas dan prestasi belajar mahasiswa Prodi PT Boga melalui penerapan pembelajaran kontekstual. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian tindakan kelas. Analisis data yang digunakan analisis deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukan: (1) keaktifan mahasiswa pada pembelajaran Restoran meningkat, terlihat dari data siklus I, mahasiswa memperhatikan penjelasan dosen sebanyak 47,5%, mahasiswa menjawab pertanyaan dengan memberikan contoh dalam kehidupan sehari-hari sebanyak 25%, mahasiswa mengemukakan pendapat sebanyak 12,5% dan mahasiswa melakukan presentasi sebanyak 15%, pada siklus II keaktifan belajar mahasiswa memperhatikan penjelasan dosen meningkat sebesar 52,5%, menjawab pertanyaan meningkat 12,5%, mengemukakan pendapat meningkat 50%, dan kegiatan presentasi meningkat 10%; 2) tingkat pengetahuan mahasiswa terhadap materi pembelajaran Restoran meningkat, terlihat dari data siklus I, 10% mahasiswa memperoleh nilai amat baik, 50% mahasiswa memperoleh nilai baik, 15% mahasiswa memperoleh cukup, dan 25% mahasiswa memperoleh nilai kurang, pada siklus II, hasil belajar mahasiswa pada siklus II adalah 62,5% mahasiswa mendapatkan nilai amat baik dan 37,5% mahasiswa mendapatkan nilai baik.
THE BLENDED LEARNING ACCOMPLISHMENT OF COMPUTER AND NETWORK ENGINEERING EXPERTISE PROGRAM IN VOCATIONAL SCHOOLS
Authors: Prasetyo Aries Alfian , Putro Setiadi Cahyono , Wirawan I Made
Published: February 2017

This study aims to (1) describe supporting and inhibiting factors in blended learning implementation for the students of computer and network engineering expertise program and (2) describe the accomplishment level of the implementation. This study is designed as a descriptive study with quantitative approach. The research object is the blended learning implementation in computer and network engineering expertise program in SMK N 1 Baureno Bojonegoro. The research subjects consist of teachers, facilities, materials and applications and students in the blended learning implementation process. The data was collected using observation, surveys and interviews. It was analyzed using percentages and classification analysis. The results reveals that the blended learning has been appropriately implemented. It is proven by the analysis result of supporting and inhibiting factors including facilities, teachers’ skill, materials and applications and blended learning accomplishment. The result is also supported by the description about blended learning activity, the use of facilities, blended learning composition and the impact of implementing blended learning. The weaknesses in the implementation process are the low quantity and quality of personal computers and inadequate internet connection. Teachers and school boards are expected to work collaboratively to solve the problems thus the implementation of blended learning can be maximized.
E-MODULE DEVELOPMENT FOR THE SUBJECT OF MEASURING INSTRUMENTS AND MEASUREMENT IN ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING EDUCATION
Authors: Fajaryati Nuryake , Nurkhamid Nurkhamid , Pranoto Ponco Wali , Muslikhin Muslikhin , Dwi W Athika
Published: February 2017

This study aims to develop an e-module as a medium of learning for the practice course of Measuring Instruments and Measurement in the Department of Electronics Engineering Education of Yogyakarta State University and to determine the feasibility of the e-module. This study employed a method of research and development. The development process was conducted through four phases by using the model of Lee and Owens which consisted of analysis phase, design phase, developing and implementation phase, as well as evaluation phase.The evaluation was conducted in several stages. Firstly, an alpha test for product validation was conducted by the experts on material and media. After that, a beta test was conducted by testing the product in small group users. The subjects of this study were the students of Electronics Engineering. The instruments used to collect the data were a validation sheet and questionnaires. The results of qualitative data were then modified into quantitative data with a range of 1 to 5, then they were converted with a rating scale to determine the feasibility of the medium. The results showed that based on the alpha test, the medium was in a very high quality. Meanwhile, in the beta test of the instructional aspect, in terms of material and evaluation and the multimedia aspect the e-module was respectively considered feasible and quite feasible. The four indicators namely text, image, animation and video were all generally considered feasible. In terms of usage aspect, the e-module was considered feasible where its two indicators, namely instructions and navigation, were generally regarded as very feasible by all respondents.
A DESCRIPTIVE SURVEY ON SMARTPHONES FEATURES FOR SUPPORTING THE ACADEMIC ACTIVITIES AT UNIVERSITAS PENDIDIKAN GANESHA
Authors: Rustrini Nyoman Putri , Arthana I Ketut Resika , Santyadiputra Gede Saindra
Published: February 2017

The objectives of the study are to analyse the use of smartphones for lecturers and students in Universitas Pendidikan Ganesha which are measured based on the supporting factors of the smartphoness application and to analyse its features in academic activities. The data were collected by using questionnaires and analyzed by using a descriptive analysis method. This study showed that the level of smartphones use to support academic activities is categorized as very high with the motivation factor of 90. 51%. There are 3 groups of features that dominate the use of smartphones namely calculation, storage and documentation. The calculation feature was represented by calculator with the percentage of 99%. The storage feature was represented by contact, gallery, and dropbox with the precentages of 99%, 97%, and 71% respectively. The documentation feature was represented by camera, video and recorder with the percentages of 97%, 81%, and 51% respectively.
Prediksi Debit Sungai Bedog dan Gajahwong Dengan Model Arima sebagai Dasar Penentuan Pola Tanam (Prediction of Bedog and Gajahwong River Discharges Using Arima Model as A Basis to Determine Planting Pattern)
Authors: Murtiningrum Murtiningrum , Sudjarwadi Sudjarwadi , Jayadi Rachmad , Sudira Putu
Published: February 2017

Planting pattern in an irrigation system is affected by water availability in river which may fluctuate from time to time. The objective of this paper is to assess the discharge fluctuation characteristic of Bedog and Gajahwong Rivers measured respectively in Cokrobedog and Mrican Weirs. The historical discharge data of the two rivers was assessed to predict river discharges of subsequent year as a basis of planting pattern determination. The ARIMA model was employed to predict water avalability. Model test showed that ARIMA (1,1,0) and ARIMA (2,1,0) could accurately predict river discharge of the two rivers. Considering parsimony principle, the ARIMA (1,1,0) model was chosen as the most suitable model. Based on predicted discharge, the previous planting pattern can still be applied in the future.ABSTRAKPola tanam pada sistemirigasi dipengaruhi oleh ketersediaan air di sungai yang bervariasi dari waktu ke waktu. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis karakteristik fluktuasi debit Sungai Bedog dan Sungai Gajahwong yang masing-masing diukur di Bendung Cokrobedog dan Bendung Mrican. Data historis debit kedua sungai dianalisis untuk menentukan karakteristik dan memprediksi debit pada tahun berikutnya sebagai dasar penyusunan pola tanam. Model ARIMA dipergunakan untuk memprediksi ketersediaan air. Uji model menunjukkan bahwa ARIMA (1,1,0) and ARIMA (2,1,0) mampu memperkirakan debit kedua sungai. Dengan mempertimbangkan prinsip parsimony, maka model ARIMA (1,1,0) dipilih sebagai model yang paling sesuai. Berdadsarkan prediksi debit, pola tanam sebelumnya yaitu padi-padi-palawija masih dapat diberlakukan di masa yang akan datang.
Perbaikan Sifat Fisik, Kimia, dan Antibakteri Edible Film Berbasis Pati Ganyong (Improvement of Physical, Chemical and Antibacterial Characteristics of Edible Film Based on Canna edulis. Kerr Starch)
Authors: Santoso Budi , Marsega Antaria , Priyanto Gatot , Pambanyun Rindit
Published: February 2017

The objective of the research was to improve physical, chemical, and antibacterial edible film based on Canna edulis Kerr by using eel’protein, gambir (Uncaria gambir Roxb), and Citrus hystic extract. The research design was completely randomized factorial design with three replications. There were three studies: the addition of eel’s protein extract, Uncaria gambir Roxb extract, and pH value at the concentration 0 % (v/v), 3 % (v/v), 6 % (v/v), 0 % (w/v), 1.5 % (w/v), 3 % (w/v), and 3, 4, 5, 6 respectively. The results showed that eel’s protein extract concentration significantly effected (at 5 % level test) on thickness and solubility, the Uncaria gambir Roxb extract concentration significantly affected the thickness, percentage of elongation and solubility and interaction between Uncaria gambir Roxb extract and pH value significantly affect the solubility. Charaterictics of the edible film was as follows: thickness 0.15 to 0.28 mm, percentage of elongation 37.17 to 84.4 %, solubility 4,00 to 69.57 %, water vapor transmission rate 4.09 to 11.77 g.m-2.d-1, and inhibition zone for microbe 0.44 to 2.79 mm. ABSTRAKTujuan penelitian ini adalah adalah untuk memperbaiki sifat fisik, kimia, dan antibakteri edible film berbasis pati ganyong dengan memanfaatkan ekstrak protein belut sawah, gambir, dan jeruk kunci. Rancangan penelitian yang digunakan adalah rancangan acak lengkap faktorial dengan tiga kali ulangan. Perlakuan penelitian terdiri atas konsentrasi ekstrak protein belut (0, 3, dan 6 (%v/v); konsentrasi ekstrak gambir (0, 1,5, dan 3 (%b/v), dan pH (3, 4, 5, dan 6). Hasil Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak protein belut berpengaruh nyata terhadap ketebalan dan kelarutan, ekstrak gambir berpengaruh nyata terhadap ketebalan, persentasi pemanjangan, dan kelarutan serta perlakuan interaksi antara ekstrak gambir dan pH berpengaruh nyata terhadap kelarutan edible film. Karakteristik edible film yang dihasilkan memiliki ketebalan berkisar 0,15 hingga 0,28 mm, persen pemanjangan berkisar 37,17 hingga 84,4 %, kelarutan edible film dalam air berkisar 41,00 hingga 69,67 %, laju transmisi uap air edible film berkisar antara 4,09 hingga 11,77 g.m-2.hari-1, dan bersifat antibakteri Staphylococcus aureus dengan nilai diameter daya hambat (DDH) berkisar 0,44 hingga 2,79 mm.
Teknik Gelatinisasi Tepung Beras untuk Menurunkan Penyerapan Minyak Selama Penggorengan Minyak Terendam (Gelatinization Technique of Rice Flour to Reduce Oil Uptake during Deep Fat Frying)
Authors: Florentina Florentina , Syamsir Elvira , Hunaefi Dase , Budijanto Slamet
Published: February 2017

Pregelatinized rice flour is one of ingredients that can reduce oil uptake. Gelatinization can be processed by drum drying, extrusion, and steaming. The aim of this research was to know the effect of gelatinization rice flour by drum drying, extrusion, and cooking rice on water holding capacity, degree of gelatinization, and oil uptake. Oil uptake was analyzed by using food model that substituted with 50 % pregelatinized flour. Results indicated that degree of gelatinization and water holding capacity of pregelatinized flour by drum drying was higher than extrusion and cooking rice. The highest reducing oil uptake of product was produced using pregelatinized flour by drum dryer was 33.70 % while by extruder which was 13.32 % and rice cooker was 10.09 %ABSTRAKTepung beras pragelatinisasi merupakan salah satu ingredien yang dapat mengurangi penyerapan minyak. Proses gelatinisasi dapat dilakukan dengan metode pengeringan drum, ekstrusi, dan pengukusan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh teknik gelatinisasi tepung beras dengan pengeringan drum, ekstrusi, dan pemasakan nasi terhadap daya ikat air, derajat gelatinisasi dan penyerapan minyak. Penyerapan minyak dianalisis dengan menggunakan model pangan yang telah disubtitusi 50 % tepung pragelatinisasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa derajat gelatinisasi dan daya ikat air pada tepung pragelatinisasi dari pengeringan drum lebih tinggi daripada proses ekstrusi dan pemasakan nasi. Penurunan penyerapan minyak tertinggi dihasilkan pada produk dengan penggunaan tepung pragelatinisasi pengeringan drum yaitu 33,70 %, sedangkan ekstruder sebesar 13,32 % dan pemasak nasi sebesar 10,09 %.
Karakteristik Sensori dan Fisiko-Kimia Beras Analog Sorghum dengan Penambahan Rempah Campuran (Sensory and Physicochemical Characteristics of Sorghum Rice Analogue by Mixed Spices Addition)
Authors: Rasyid Maya Indra , Yuliana Nancy Dewi , Budijanto Slamet
Published: February 2017

The purpose of this study was to obtain the formula of sorghum rice analogue by mixed spices addition with acceptable sensory and physico-chemical characteristics.  The selection of sorghum rice analogue formula was tested by using hedonic test with 70 untrained panelists. The addition of mixed spices powder was as follows: 30 % onion, 20 % garlic, 10 % bay leaves, 20 % ginger and 20 % lemongrass. Those mixed spices powder were added to the sorghum rice analogue at percentage of 0.25 %, 0,5 %, 1 %, 2 %, 3 % and 0 % (control)  from total dough weight. The sorghum rice analogue was made using extrusion technology (a twin screw extruder). The overall sensory evaluation result showed that the addition of spice mixed had significant effect (p ≤ 0.05) on the characteristics of sorghum rice analogue. The panelists accepted the sorghum rice analogue with 1% mixed spice. The preferred formulation was the addition of 1% mixed spice which contain of  9.56 % moisture, 0.72 % ash, 0.53 % fat, 6.22 % protein, 92.53 % carbohydrate, 26.48 % amyloseand 6,67 % dietary fiber. Sorghum rice analogue enriched by spices is a potential as a rich fiber source.ABSTRAKTujuan penelitian adalah mendapatkan formula beras analog berbahan dasar sorgum dengan penambahan rempah campuran yang dapat diterima secara sensori. Pemilihan formula dilakukan dengan uji hedonik menggunakan 70 orang panelis tidak terlatih. Rempah yang ditambahkan berupa bubuk rempah campuran yang terdiri atas bawang merah 30%, bawang putih 20 %, daun salam 10 %, jahe 20 % dan sereh 20 %. Penambahan bubuk rempah campuran untuk pembuatan beras analog sorghum berturut-turut 0,25 %, 0,5 %, 1 %, 2 %, 3 % dan kontrol (tanpa rempah) dari total berat adonan diluar air. Beras analog sorghum dibuat dengan teknologi ekstrusi menggunakan ekstruder ulir ganda. Hasil uji sensori secara keseluruhan menunjukkan bahwa penambahan rempah campuran berpengaruh nyata (p <0,05) terhadap nasi beras analog yang dihasilkan. Panelis menyukai formula beras analog sorghum dengan penambahan 1 % rempah campuran. Beras analog sorghum dengan penambahan 1% rempah campuran memiliki kadar air 9,56 %, abu 0,72 %, lemak 0,53 %, protein 6,22 %, karbohidrat 92,53 %, amilosa 26,48 % dan serat pangan 6,67 %. Beras analog sorgum yang diperkaya dengan rempah campuran memiliki potensi sebagai pangan kaya serat.
Pengaruh Jenis dan Konsentrasi Asam terhadap Cuko Pempek (Effect of Type and Acid Concentration on Cuko pempek)
Authors: Muchsiri Mukhtarudin , Hamzah Basuni , Wijaya Agus , Pambayun Rindit
Published: February 2017

The aim of this study was to explore the effect of the type and acid concentration on cuko pempek. Preparation of cuko pempek used the Randomized Block Design (RBD) factorial, type of acid comprises acetic acid (A1), lactic acid (A2) and lactic acid applicative (A3). Acid concentration of 200 mL (K1), 250 mL (K2) and 300 mL (K3) with three replications. The observed parameters consisted of chemical analysis such as: total sugars, pH, viscosity, and capsaicin. The organoleptical tests used different tests with standard samples include color, aroma and flavor. While the microbiological analysis was by Total Plate Count (TPC) methods using agar medium spread. The results showed that the type of acid affect the pH, total sugars, viscosity, color, aroma, flavor and had no effect on the levels of capsaicin of cuko pempek. Acid concentration affect the total sugars, capsaicin, color, aroma, taste, while did not affect the pH and viscosity. The interaction of the studied factors affect the pH, total sugars, capsaicin, color, aroma, and taste of cuko pempek. Organoleptical assessment showed that the color, aroma and flavor of cuko pempek were different from the standard samples at the level of the medium, small and very small difference. In microbiological treatment using lactic acid applicative (K3), the viability of cells decreased significantly from a range of LAB 10 CFU/mL to an average of 1.94 × 10 CFU/mL.ABSTRAKTujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh jenis dan konsentrasi asam terhadap cuko pempek. Penyiapan cuko pempek menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) faktorial, jenis asam terdiri asam asetat (A1), asam laktat (A2) dan asam laktat aplikatif (A3). Konsentrasi asam terdiri 200 mL (K1), 250 mL (K2) dan 300 mL (K) dengan tiga ulangan. Parameter yang diamati adalah analisis kimia meliputi total gula, pH, viskositas, dan capsaicin. Uji organoleptik menggunakan uji beda dengan sampel baku meliputi warna, aroma dan rasa. Sedangkan analisis mikrobiologis dengan metode Total Plate Count (TPC) menggunakan media agar gores. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa jenis asam berpengaruh terhadap pH, total gula, viskositas, warna, aroma, rasa dan tidak berpengaruh terhadap kadar capsaicin cuko pempek. Konsentrasi asam berpengaruh terhadap total gula, capsaicin, warna, aroma, rasa, dan tidak berpengaruh terhadap pH dan viskositas. Sedangkan interaksinya berpengaruh terhadap pH, total gula, capsaicin, warna, aroma, dan rasa cuko pempek. Penilaian uji organoleptik menunjukan bahwa warna, aroma dan rasa cuko pempek berbeda dengan sampel baku pada taraf perbedaan sedang, sedikit dan sangat sedikit. Secara mikrobiologis pada perlakuan yang menggunakan asam laktat aplikatif (K3), viabilitas BAL menurun drastis dari kisaran sel-sel BAL 10 CFU/mL menjadi rata-rata sebesar 1,94 × 10 CFU/mL.
Profil Permeabilitas Berdasarkan Struktur Morfologi Membran Polietersulfon pada Pemekatan Larutan Tokoferol (Permeability Profile based on Morphology Structure of Polyethersulfone Membrane on Concentrating the Tocopherol Solution)
Authors: Arahman Nasrul , Arifin Bastian , Razi Fachrul
Published: February 2017

Separation technique by membrane technology has been widely applied for separation and purification of minor  components from vegetable oil. Membrane was prepared and modified in several way in order to improve the filtration performance in purification process of vegetable oil. In this work, the filtration performance of three types of polyethersulfone hollow fiber membrane was investigated. The main objective of this research was to study the effect of membranes type on the filtration performance of tocopherol solution. Three series of filtration experiment were conducted by using fabricated membrane by dissolving of polyethersulfone (PES) in N-methyl pyrrolydone (NMP) with different polymer composition. The membranes was M1 = PES 20 % + NMP, M2 = PES 18 % + NMP, and M3= PES 20 %+ Polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP 5 %) + NMP.  The difference structure of membrans was confirmed by scanning electron microscopy measurement. The permeability profile of tocopherol solution of 500 ppm was observed by using a single module of hollow fiber membrane with filtration flow of pressure driven inside (PDI). It is shown that, the permeability of tocopherol solution was maximum and stable using PES membrane was composed by M3 system. Moreover, the improvement of tocopherol concentration in retentate solution was about two times higher than that the original solution that was obtained from filtration system of M1 membrane.ABSTRAKTeknik separasi dengan membran teknologi telah diaplikasikan secara luas untuk pemisahan dan pemurnian komponen minor dari minyak tumbuh-tumbuhan. Membran telah dibuat dan dimodifikasikan dengan berbagai cara untuk meningkatkan kinerja filtrasi pada proses pemurnian minyak tumbuh-tumbuhan. Pada penelitian ini, dipelajari kinerja filtrasi tiga jenis membran hollow fiber yang terbuat dari polimer polietersulfon. Tujuan utama penelitian adalah untuk melihat pengaruh jenis membran terhadap kinerja filtrasi larutan tokoferol. Tiga seri penelitian ultrafiltrasi telah dirancang dengan menggunakan membran yang dibuat dengan melarutkan polietersulfon (PES) dalam N-metil pirolidon (NMP) dengan komposisi polimer yang berbeda. Ketiga jenis membran yang digunakan adalah M1 = PES 20 % + NMP, M2 = PES 18 % + NMP, dan M3 = PES 20 % + Polivinil pirolidon (PVP 5 %) + NMP.  Perbedaan struktur morfologi membran telah dikonfirmasikan dengan analisis scanning electron microscopy. Profil permeabilitas larutan tokoferol 500 ppm diobservasi menggunakan modul tunggal membran hollow fiber dengan tipe aliran pressure driven inside (PDI). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa permeabilitas larutan tokoferol tertinggi dihasilkan dengan menggunakan membran M3. Lebih lanjut, peningkatan konsentrasi larutan tokoferol sekitar dua kali lebih tinggi dari konsentrasi awal dicapai dari proses filtrasi dengan membran M1.
Efek Hipoglikemik Kecambah Beras Merah pada Tikus yang Diinduksi STZ-NA dengan Parameter Kadar Insulin, Indeks HOMA-IR dan HOMA β (Hypoglycemic Effect of Red Rice Germ on Insulin Levels, HOMA-IR, and HOMA β Index of STZ-NA Induced Rats)
Authors: Nurhidajah Nurhidajah , Nurrahman Nurrahman
Published: February 2017

The process of germination of grains such as rice, could increase some nutritional values of  amino acids and dietary fiber. Red rice and its sprouts are believed to be able to decrease blood glucose in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM). The aim of this study was to evaluate the hypoglycemic effect of red rice sprouts in STZ-NA induced diabetic rats on blood glucose level, insulin level, and HOMA-IR and HOMA-β index. This experimental study was conducted based on randomized post test only control group design using 24 male Wistar rats aged 2.5 months. Rats were divided into 4 groups, one group without induction of STZ-NA fed with a standard diet (control) and three groups of STZ- NA induced with a standard diet, red rice and red rice germ. Experiments were conducted for 6 weeks. The results showed that sprouted red rice lowered blood glucose levels by 61.88 % and the value of HOMA-IR (insulin resistance parameters) by 56.82%. Insulin level increased by 16.35 % and HOMA-β by 763.6 %. This study showed that red rice germ was able to decrease blood glucose levels and increase insulin resistance of DM rats and the strength of the pancreatic beta cells. ABSTRAKProses perkecambahan biji-bijian seperti beras, dapat meningkatkan beberapa nilai gizi seperti asam amino dan serat pangan. Beras merah dan kecambahnya diyakini mampu menurunkan glukosa darah pada penderita diabetes melitus (DM). Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengevaluasi efek hipoglikemik kecambah beras merah pada tikus diabetes yang diinduksi STZ-NA terhadap kadar glukosa darah, insulin, serta indeks HOMA-IR dan HOMA β. Penelitian ini bersifat eksperimental in vivo pada hewan coba tikus Wistar jantan usia 2,5 bulan sebanyak 24 ekor dengan desain penelitian randomized post test only control group. Tikus dibagi menjadi 4 kelompok, masing-masing 1 kelompok tanpa induksi STZ-NA dengan diet standar dan 3 kelompok diinduksi STZ-NA dengan diet standar, beras merah dan kecambah beras merah. Percobaan dilakukan selama 6 minggu. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kecambah beras merah mampu menurunkan kadar glukosa darah sebesar 61,88 % dan nilai HOMA-IR (parameter resistensi insulin) 56,82 %. Kadar insulin meningkat 16,35 % dan HOMA β 763,6 %. Disimpulkan, kecambah beras merah mampu menurunkan kadar glukosa darah dan memperbaiki kondisi resistensi insulin tikus DM, dan kekuatan sel beta pankreas.
Sifat Fisikokimia Tepung dari 10 Genotipe Ubi Kayu (Manihot esculenta Crantz) Hasil Pemuliaan (Physicochemical Properties of Cassava Flour (Manihot esculenta Crantz) of 10 Breeding Genotipes)
Authors: Rahmiati Tengku Mia , Purwanto Yohanes Aris , Budijanto Slamet , Khumaida Nurul
Published: February 2017

The objectives of this study were to characterize and evaluate the physicochemical properties of 10 cassava breeding genotypes developed by cassava crop improvement of (Institut Pertanian Bogor) IPB research group. The physicochemical characterization was performed by measuring water content, ash, protein, fat, carbohydrate, pasta (pasting properties), starch total, amylose content, and whiteness. The results showed that each genotype has different chemical content and gelatinization properties. The highest water content (11.48 ± 0.12 %) was found in genotype V4D0 (variant genotype Malang 4), ash (1.83 ± 0.02 %) in V5D2 (1) (A variant of genotype Malang 4-1), fat (1.62 ± 0.93 %) and protein (4.73 ± 0.19 %) in V3D1 (1) (variant UJ 5-1). Genotype V1D1-1(1) (A variant of genotype Ratim-1) has the highest amylose (23.33 ± 0.04 %) and the lowest ones (13.13 ± 0.48 %) was found in genotype V2D1-1(3). Genotype V2D0 has the highest total starch (88.67 %) and the lowest (74.3%) was obtained in V5D2 (1). The highest whiteness value was measured in genotype V1D0 i.e. 93.13 %. For pasting properties testing, it was measured that genotype V2D1-1 (3) had the lowest peak viscosity i.e 4,006 cP and the high of end of viscosity occurred 2,592 cP in genotype V4D2-1 (2) (A variant of genotype Adira 4-1), were correlated with high amylose content owned flour is 22.03 ± 0.25%. ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkarakterisasi dan mengevaluasi sifat fisikokimia 10 genotipe ubi kayu hasil pemuliaan team crop improvement ubi kayu Institut Pertanian Bogor (IPB). Karakterisasi fisikokimia dilakukan dengan cara melakukan analisis kadar air, abu, protein, lemak, karbohidrat, pasta (pasting properties), total pati, kadar amilosa, dan derajat putih. Dari hasil karakterisasi diperoleh bahwa setiap genotipe ubi kayu memiliki kandungan kimia dan sifat gelatinisasi yang berbeda-beda. Kadar air tertinggi dimiliki genotipe V4D0  (Genotipe Malang 4) 11,48 ± 0,12 % , kadar abu dan lemak tertinggi adalah genotipe (V5D2 (1) (Varian dari genotipe Malang 4-1) yaitu 1,83 % ± 0,02 dan 1,62 ± 0,93 % serta kadar protein tertinggi adalah V3D1 (1) (Varian UJ 5-1) 4,73 ± 0,19 %. Genotipe V1D1-1 (1) (Varian dari genotipe Jame-1) memiliki kadar amilosa tertinggi yaitu 23,33 ± 0,04 % sedangkan yang terendah dihasilkan oleh genotipe V2D1-1 (3) (Varian dari genotipe Ratim-1) yaitu 13,13 ± 0,48 %. Genotipe V2D1-1 (3) (Varian genotipe Ratim-1)  memiliki viskositas puncak terendah yaitu 4.006 cP berkorelasi positif dengan kandungan amilosa paling rendah yang dimilikinya. Viskositas akhir yang tinggi terjadi pada genotipe V4D2-1(2) (Varian genotipe Adira 4-1) yaitu 2.592 cP yang berkorelasi dengan tingginya kandungan amilosa yang dimiliki tepung tersebut yaitu 22,03 ± 0,25 %.
Performansi Pendingin Termoelektrik Alat Transportasi Ikan Segar pada Berbagai Tegangan (Thermoelectric Performance of Refrigerated Fish Container at Various Voltages)
Authors: Widianto Tri Nugroho , Hakim Arif Rahman
Published: February 2017

Thermoelectric performance test of refrigerated fish container at various voltages was conducted. Performance test aims to determine temperature of heat pipe, heat sink, room container and electric current requirements of thermoelectric refriferator at various voltages. Thermoelectric refrigerator composed of two pieces peltier elements, aluminiums bracket, fan, heat sink and heat pipe. Thermoelectric refrigerator was placed at the top of fish container. Various voltages used were 8 V, 10 V, and 12 V. Parameters measured were the amount of electric current through the thermoelectric, temperature of heat sink, heat pipe and room container. Room container temperature could be reached on 12, 10 and 8 V were 14, 16 and 17 °C respectively. Heat sink temperature on 12 V was -0.1 °C and temperature on 8 and 10 V were 3-4°C. Heat pipe temperature on 12 and 10 V reached 30-31 °C, while temperature on 8 V was 27 °C. The electric current requirements on 12, 10 and 8 V were 6.3, 4.8 and 3.8 A with energy requirements of refrigerated fish container were 75, 48 and 30 watt respectively. The cooling capacity of peltier module on 12 V was 12.5 W, while the cooling capacity on 10 and 8 V were 10.5 W respectively.ABSTRAKUji performansi pendingin termolektrik alat transportasi ikan segar pada berbagai tegangan telah dilakukan. Uji performansi dilakukan untuk mengetahui suhu heat pipe, heat sink serta ruang peti insulasi serta kebutuhan listrik sistem pendingin pada berbagai tegangan. Sistem pendingin termoelektrik tersusun dari dua buah elemen peltier, bracket alumunium, fan, heat sink dan heat pipe. Pendingin termoelektrik dipasang di bagian atas peti insulasi. Uji performansi dilakukan pada tegangan 8, 10 dan 12 V. Parameter yang diukur adalah jumlah arus listrik yang melalui sistem pengingin, suhu heat sink, heat pipe dan suhu ruang peti insulasi. Suhu ruang peti insulasi yang dicapai pada tegangan 12, 10 dan 8 V berturut-turut sebesar 14, 16 dan 17 °C. Suhu heat sink yang dicapai pada tegangan 12 V sebesar -0,1 °C, sedangkan pada tegangan 8 dan 10 V tidak jauh berbeda yaitu antara 3-4 °C. Suhu heat pipe yang dicapai pada tegangan 12 dan 10 V tidak jauh berbeda yaitu sekitar 30-31 °C, sedangkan pada 8 V sebesar 27 °C. Kebutuhan arus listrik sistem pendingin pada tegangan 12, 10 dan 8 V sebesar 6,3; 4,8 dan 3,8 A dengan kebutuhan energi berturut-turut 75, 48 dan 30 Watt. Nilai cooling capacity elemen peltier pada tegangan 12 V sebesar 12,5 W, sedangkan pada tegangan 10 dan 8 V sebesar 10,5 W.
BOOK REVIEW. FIRST OF BANYAN TREES
Authors: Indarwaty Henny
Published: March 2017

The ever fascinating part of an anthology is found in its diverse writings, in both the theme and style. That is also true to Rayuan Pohon Beringin (Flirt of banyan tree), an anthology of short stories published by Gadjah Mada University Press. The anthology is a collection of short stories in the Literature and Arts Award I, held for the first time by the Faculty of Cultural Sciences UGM. The title is taken from one of the winners of the short story competition – “Rayuan Pohon Beringin” (Flirt of banyan tree).