bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Closed reduction andfluoroscopic‐guidedpercutaneous pinning of femoral capital physeal or neck fractures: Thirteen fractures in 11 dogs
Authors: de Moya Kevin A. , Kim Stanley E. , Guiot Laurent P.
Published: August 2022

Objectives

To report the short‐term clinical outcome and complications in dogs that underwent surgical repair of femoral capital physeal or neck fractures via fluoroscopic‐guided percutaneous pinning (FGPP).

Study design

Retrospective case series.

Animals

Client owned dogs (n = 11) with femoral capital physeal or neck fractures (n = 13).

Methods

Records (July 2018–July 2021) of dogs that underwent surgery for femoral capital physeal or neck fracture repair with FGPP from two hospitals were reviewed. Data collected included signalment, age, weight, preoperative lameness severity, fracture factors (etiology, Salter‐Harris classification, time from injury to surgery, radiographic displacement), surgical factors (surgery time, number/size of implants, reduction quality) and outcome (follow‐up examination findings, radiographic findings, complications).

Results

Most fractures (11/13) occurred secondary to trauma. The median time from injury to surgery was 5.5 days. There was mild radiographic displacement preoperatively in 10/13 fractures. Satisfactory fracture healing and limb function was achieved in 10/13 femurs. Complications occurred in 5/11 cases and included intra‐articular implants, implant failure/nonunion, implant migration (2), and malunion. Of these five complications, two resolved with implant removal, and a salvage procedure was recommended in the remaining cases. Of the three cases requiring salvage procedures, two originally presented with radiographic evidence of fracture chronicity.

Conclusions

FGPP can be used to successfully treat femoral head and neck fractures with appropriate case selection and precise surgical technique.
Oferta educativa desigual y escuelas resilientes
Authors: Krüger Natalia , Formichella María Marta , Hamodi-Galán Carolina
Published: August 2022

La educación es un derecho humano y debe garantizarse de forma inclusiva, equitativa y de calidad. El objetivo general del trabajo es estudiar las desigualdades en la calidad de la oferta educativa de nivel secundario en Bahía Blanca,Argentina. Para ello, se realizó un análisis de conglomerados a partir de un censo oficial y un análisis de estadística descriptiva con base en una encuesta propia. Los resultados muestran desigualdades, pero también la presencia de escuelas resilientes que alcanzan resultados satisfactorios, a pesar de tener condiciones desfavorables con algunas particularidades, específicamente en recursos humanos y materiales, y en la organización y el clima escolar.
Quehacer teológico en Gregorio de Nisa y renovación del quehacer teológico hoy. Marco conceptual desde De Vita Moysis e In Canticum Canticorum
Authors: Jaramillo Vargas Gabriel Alberto , Solano Pinzón Orlando
Published: August 2022

La teología como ejercicio en continua elaboración y en diálogo con los signos de los tiempos necesita renovarse permanentemente en orden a responder mejor a los desafíos de una cultura posmoderna, marcada por el desencanto y heridas de diversa índole. Este artículo mostrará algunos resulados de la investigación doctoral realizada por el autor en la Pontificia Universidad Javeriana (Colombia), titulada “Quehacer teológico en Gregorio de Nisa y renovación del quehacer teológico hoy. Aportes desde De Vita Moysis e In Canticum Canticorum”, la cual se centra de manera especial en la manera como Gregorio hace teología. Uno de los problemas sobre el cual algunos teólogos contemporáneos buscan indagar consiste en la separación entre teología y santidad, la cual dividió algo que era una sola realidad en el quehacer teológico de los padres, como la sangre y la carne deben permanecer juntas para poder vivir. Este problema está acentuado en el contexto latinoamericano, por la lenta recepción y desarrollo de los estudios patrísticos. En la presente investigación parece que Gregorio de Nisa tiene una contribución particular frente a dicho problema en sus dos obras místicas más importantes, en las cuales despliega su manera particular de hacer teología.
Desde la hermenéutica de la apropiación de Paul Ricoeur, en la cual el intérprete se deja guiar por el mundo que los textos le abren, lo comprende y apropia en una experiencia que le permite desubrir nuevas dimensiones de su ser en el mundo, este artículo desea presentar una síntesis del quehacer teológico de Gregorio en La vida de Moisés y Homilías sobre el Cantar de los cantares. En este sentido, el quehacer teológico de Gregorio se podría comprender en el marco conceptual de las siguientes categorías: μυστήριον, μυσταγωγία, μυστικά, γνóφος, ἀκολουθία y ἐπέκτασις. Estas seis importantes categorías podrían contribuir a los esfuerzos de renovación propuestos por el Concilio Vaticano II, y presentes en las teologías contextuales latinoamericanas, que siguen el doble dinamismo de renovación ad fontes y a giorno.
Functional Modeling-Based Digital Twin Architecture Representation: An Instructional Example of a COVID-19 Breathalyzer Kiosk
Authors: Kotecha Maulik C. , Staack David , McAdams Daniel A.
Published: August 2022

This article presents and illustrates a functional modeling-based representation of digital twinning (DT) architectures. We provide a detailed review of the existing architectures and frameworks intended for use on product digital twins. We identified gaps in the prior work on architectures and frameworks for DT of products, product families, and systems. We identified a need for robust representation schemes that enable product-specific synthesis and analysis of DTs, which the existing DT architecture representations do not offer. We integrated the efforts of the researchers on DT architectures in our functional modeling-based architecture representation approach. We included selected attributes of each reviewed framework and addressed the identified gaps through our functional modeling-based DT architecture representation. The proposed architecture representation approach opens up new avenues of research and can potentially help improve the design process for product DT. This paper illustrates our approach through an instructional example of a COVID-19 testing breathalyzer kiosk designed as a rapid response to the COVID-19 pandemic.
Reduced basis methods for numerical room acoustic simulations with parametrized boundaries
Authors: Sampedro Llopis Hermes , Engsig-Karup Allan P. , Jeong Cheol-Ho , Pind Finnur , Hesthaven Jan S.
Published: August 2022

The use of model-based numerical simulations of wave propagation in rooms for engineering applications requires that acoustic conditions for multiple parameters are evaluated iteratively, which is computationally expensive. We present a reduced basis method (RBM) to achieve a computational cost reduction relative to a traditional full-order model (FOM) for wave-based room acoustic simulations with parametrized boundaries. The FOM solver is based on the spectral-element method; however, other numerical methods could be applied. The RBM reduces the computational burden by solving the problem in a low-dimensional subspace for parametrized frequency-independent and frequency-dependent boundary conditions. The problem is formulated in the Laplace domain, which ensures the stability of the reduced-order model (ROM). We study the potential of the proposed RBM in terms of computational efficiency, accuracy, and storage requirements, and we show that the RBM leads to 100-fold speedups for a two-dimensional case and 1000-fold speedups for a three-dimensional case with an upper frequency of 2 and 1 kHz, respectively. While the FOM simulations needed to construct the ROM are expensive, we demonstrate that the ROM has the potential of being 3 orders of magnitude faster than the FOM when four different boundary conditions are simulated per room surface.
Hair cortisol as a viable tool for the assessment of an association between environmental noise exposure and chronic stress
Authors: Michaud David S. , Thomson Errol M. , van Oosterhout Priya , McNamee James P.
Published: August 2022

Entrenched in the well-established link between stress and health, noise exposure as a potential contributor to stress-related health effects receives tremendous attention. Indeed, exposure to noise can act as a stressor as evidenced through increased heart rate, blood pressure, adrenaline, epinephrine, and cortisol. Cortisol is secreted from the adrenal glands in response to stressor-induced activation of the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis. For assessment of environmental noise and stress, repeated sampling in blood, saliva, or urine is necessary to evaluate the association between environmental noise exposure and protracted changes in cortisol. Controlling for the many variables that influence the secretion of cortisol at discrete sampling intervals is challenging. Studies suggest that systemically produced cortisol integrates and remains in hair as it grows, providing a measure that integrates a cortisol response over a longer period, circumventing several limitations associated with multiple sampling. Robust evidence supports the integration of cortisol into hair, yet recent studies call into question the notion that cortisol is retained with growth. The current paper discusses the strengths and limitations of hair cortisol analysis with an emphasis on its utility as a measure of chronic stress in environmental noise studies.
Reduction of a Heme Cofactor Initiates
N
-Nitroglycine Degradation by NnlA
Authors: Strickland Kara A. , Holland Ashley A. , Trudeau Alan , Szlamkowicz Ilana , Beazley Melanie J. , Anagnostopoulos Vasileios A. , Graham David E. , Caranto Jonathan D.
Published: August 2022

Linear nitramines are potential carcinogens. These compounds result from environmental degradation of high-energy cyclic nitramines and as by-products of carbon capture technologies.
Francisella tularensis Exploits AMPK Activation to Harvest Host-Derived Nutrients Liberated from Host Lipolysis
Authors: Dominguez Sedelia R. , Whiles Shannon , Deobald Kelly N. , Kawula Thomas
Published: August 2022

Francisella tularensis
is a zoonotic, facultative intracellular bacterial pathogen that replicates in a variety of cell types during infection. Following entry into the cell and phagosome escape, the bacterium replicates rapidly in the cytoplasm.
F. tularensis
intracellular growth depends on the availability of metabolizable essential nutrients to support replication.
Yellow Fever Molecular Diagnosis Using Urine Specimens during Acute and Convalescent Phases of the Disease
Authors: de Rezende Izabela Maurício , Oliveira Gabriela Fernanda Garcia , Costa Thaís Alkifeles , Khan Aslam , Pereira Leonardo Soares , Santos Tayrine Araújo , Alves Pedro Augusto , Calzavara-Silva Carlos Eduardo , Martins-Filho Olindo Assis , Teixeira-Carvalho Andréa , LaBeaud Angelle Desiree , Drumond Betânia Paiva
Published: August 2022

Prior studies have demonstrated prolonged presence of yellow fever virus (YFV) RNA in saliva and urine as an alternative to serum. To investigate the presence of YFV RNA in urine, we used RT-PCR for YFV screening in 60 urine samples collected from a large cohort of naturally infected yellow fever (YF) patients during acute and convalescent phases of YF infection from recent YF outbreaks in Brazil (2017 to 2018).
Indole Sensing Regulator (IsrR) Promotes Virulence Gene Expression in Enteric Pathogens
Authors: Kumar Aman , Russell Regan M. , Hoskan Mehmet Ali , Sperandio Vanessa
Published: August 2022

Enteric pathogens sense the complex intestinal chemistry to find a suitable colonization niche. The microbiota plays an important part in shaping this chemistry.
Role of Chromosome- and/or Plasmid-Located
bla
NDM
on the Carbapenem Resistance and the Gene Stability in Escherichia coli
Authors: Sakamoto Noriko , Akeda Yukihiro , Sugawara Yo , Matsumoto Yuki , Motooka Daisuke , Iida Tetsuya , Hamada Shigeyuki
Published: August 2022

Carbapenem-resistant
Enterobacterales
(CRE) carrying
bla
NDM
have spread worldwide since they were first reported in 2009. Many studies using whole-genome sequencing have identified the genetic structures, plasmid scaffolds of
bla
NDM
, and mechanisms of spread via horizontal transfer.
Supplemental Material: Time constraints on hydrocarbon migration and caprock formation recorded by calcite spar in a Carboniferous–Permian carbonate-evaporite succession, Finnmark Platform, Barents Sea
Authors: Hodgskiss Malcolm S.W. , al. et
Published: August 2022

Sample details, detailed methods, and geochemical data. 
Supplemental Material: Secular variation in seawater redox state during the Marinoan Snowball Earth event and implications for eukaryotic evolution
Authors: Shen Weibing , Zhu Xiangkun , al. et
Published: August 2022

Detailed geological setting, methods, supplemental notes, Figures S1–S4, and Tables S1–S4. 
Fifteen-minute consultation: An approach to the child with nephrocalcinosis
Authors: Beal Felicity , Patel Ashish , Hulton Sally-Ann
Published: August 2022

Nephrocalcinosis is a common problem faced in both paediatrics and neonates, which may need referral on to paediatric nephrology. This 15 min consultation aims to look at children of different age groups (neonates, children 1–5 years old and older children) looking particularly at history, examination, causes, initial investigations and management.
Exposure to risk and experiences of river flooding for people with disability and carers in rural Australia: a cross-sectional survey
Authors: Bailie Jodie , Matthews Veronica , Bailie Ross , Villeneuve Michelle , Longman Jo
Published: August 2022

Objectives

In this paper, we explore the exposure to risk and experiences of people with disability and carers during a flooding event and the subsequent mental health impacts.

Design

A cross-sectional survey between September and November 2017. Binary logistic regression models were used to investigate associations between the mental health of people with disability and carers and their exposure to the flood. Inductive content analysis was used to analyse qualitative data.

Setting

Flood-affected communities in the rural area of Northern Rivers, New South Wales, Australia, 6 months after river flooding in 2017.

Participants

People over 16 years and a resident in the Northern Rivers at the time of the flood were invited to participate. Using a purposive, snowballing sampling technique participants were drawn from a wide range of socioeconomic backgrounds and had experienced different degrees of flood exposure.

Results

Of 2252 respondents, there were 164 people with disability and 91 carers. Both groups had increased odds of having their home flooded (people with a disability: OR 2.41 95% CI 1.71 to 3.39; carers: OR 1.76 95% CI 1.10 to 2.84). On evacuation, respondents reported inaccessible, conflicting and confusing information regarding flood warnings. Essential services such as healthcare and social services were disrupted (people with a disability: OR 3.98 95% CI 2.82 to 5.60; carers 2.17 95% CI 1.33 to 3.54) and access to safe and mould free housing post flood event was limited. After taking sociodemographic factors into account, respondents with a disability and carers had greater odds of probable post-traumatic stress disorder compared with other respondents (people with a disability: 3.32 95% CI 2.22 to 4.96; carers: 1.87 95% CI 1.10 to 3.19).

Conclusion

Our findings show the profound impact and systemic neglect experienced by people with disability and carers during and after the 2017 flood event in the Northern Rivers. As people with disability will take longer to recover, they will require longer-term tailored supports and purposeful inclusion in flood preparedness and recovery efforts.
Defining adequacy of staffing in general hospital wards: a Delphi study
Authors: van der Mark Carmen J E M , Kraan Jocelynn , Hendriks Paul H J , Vermeulen Hester , Oostveen Catharina J van
Published: August 2022

Objectives

To gain consensus on the items that determine adequacy of shift staffing.

Design

This was a three-round Delphi study to establish consensus on what defines adequacy of shift staffing in a general hospital ward. A literature review, focus group and five semistructured expert interviews were used to generate items for the Delphi study.

Setting

Multicentre study in The Netherlands.

Participants

Nurses, head nurses, nursing managers, and capacity consultants and managers working for Dutch hospitals.

Results

Twenty-six items were included in the Delphi study. One hundred and sixty-eight, 123 and 93 participants were included in the first, second and third round, respectively. After three rounds, six items were included (mostly related to direct patient care) and nine items were excluded. No consensus was reached on 12 items, including one item that was added after the first round.

Conclusions

This is the first study to specify items that determine adequacy of staffing. These items can be used to measure adequacy of staffing, which is crucial for enhancing nurse staffing methods. Further research is needed to refine the items of staffing adequacy and to further develop and psychometrically test an instrument for measuring staffing adequacy.
Patient preferences for atopic dermatitis medications in the UK, France and Spain: a discrete choice experiment
Authors: Thomas Caitlin , Raibouaa Afaf , Wollenberg Andreas , Capron Jean-Philippe , Krucien Nicolas , Karn Hayley , Tervonen Tommi
Published: August 2022

Objectives

We aimed to quantify patient preferences for efficacy, safety and convenience features of atopic dermatitis (AD) treatments.

Design and setting

Online discrete choice experiment survey.

Participants

Adults in the UK, France and Spain who had used AD treatments during the past 2 years.

Primary and secondary outcome measures

Preferences for attributes were analysed using a multinomial logit model. Willingness to make trade-offs was expressed as the maximum acceptable decrease (MAD) in the probability of achieving clear/almost clear skin at week 16.

Results

The survey was completed by 404 patients (44.1±12.0 years; 65% women; 64% moderate/severe eczema). Most patients (68%) had no prior experience of using self-injectable treatments for AD or any other illness. Participants most valued increasing the chance of achieving a meaningful reduction in itch at week 16 from 20% to 50%, followed by reducing the risks of serious infections from 6% to 0% and of eye inflammation from 20% to 0%. Participants were willing to accept a decrease in the possibility of achieving clear/almost clear skin to obtain a treatment that can be paused (MAD=24.1%), requires occasional check-ups (MAD=16.1%) or no check-ups (MAD=20.9%) over frequent check-ups, is administered as a one time per day or two times per day oral pill versus a subcutaneous injection every 2 weeks (MAD=16.6%), has a 2-day over 2-week onset of action (MAD=11.3%), and can be used for flare management (MAD=5.8%).

Conclusions

Although patients with AD most valued treatment benefits and risks, they were willing to tolerate reduced efficacy to obtain a rapid onset, oral administration, less frequent monitoring and a treatment that can be paused. Understanding patients’ preferences for AD therapies, including new targeted therapies, can aid shared decision-making between clinicians and patients and support health technology assessments.
Effectiveness of the implementation of a perinatal bereavement care training programme on nurses and midwives: protocol for a mixed-method study
Authors: Qian Jialu , Sun Shiwen , Wang Man , Liu Lu , Yu Xiaoyan
Published: August 2022

Introduction

The psychological outcomes for many parents who experience perinatal loss depend on nursing staff’s ability to provide effective bereavement support. However, most nurses and midwives lack the ability to provide bereavement care and suffer from heavy emotional burden. The study aims to investigate the effectiveness of the perinatal bereavement care training programme on nurses and midwives to increase their perinatal bereavement care confidence (PBCC) and to reduce secondary traumatic stress and emotional exhaustion.

Methods and analysis

This study will follow a mixed methodology consisting of two stages. The first stage will adopt a pre/post repeated quasi-experimental design without a control group. The second stage will use a qualitative interview study. This study will be conducted in a tertiary maternity hospital in China in 2022–2023. Ethical approval was obtained from the institutional review board in January of 2020. Outcome measures will be assessed using the Chinese version of the PBCC, STS and the EE subscale of Chinese Burn-out Inventory at baseline, postintervention and at the 3-month follow-up. Participants will be interviewed to understand their perceptions of the training programme.

Ethics and dissemination

This research protocol was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Women’s Hospital School of Medicine, Zhejiang University (IRB no. 20210091). The results will be disseminated through peer-reviewed journals and academic conferences.

Trial registration number

ChiCTR2100049730.
Sharing online clinical notes with patients: implications for nocebo effects and health equity
Authors: Blease Charlotte
Published: August 2022

Patients in around 20 countries worldwide are now offered online access to at least some of their medical records. Access includes test results, medication lists, referral information, and/or the very words written by clinicians (so-called ‘open notes’). In this paper, I discuss the possibility of one unintended negative consequence of patient access to their clinical notes—the potential to increase ‘nocebo effects’. A growing body of research shows that nocebo effects arise by engaging perceptual and cognitive processes that influence negative expectancies, and as a consequence, adverse health effects. Studies show that increased awareness about the side effects of medications, the framing of information and the socioemotional context of care can increase the risk of nocebo effects. Connecting research into the nocebo effect with open notes provides preliminary support for the hypothesis that patient access to clinical notes might be a forum for facilitating unwanted nocebo effects. Furthermore, current findings indicate that we might expect to see systematic differences in how nocebo effects are experienced among different patient populations. The ethical implications of the tension between transparency and the potential for harm are discussed, with an emphasis on what open notes might mean for justice and equity in clinical care for a range of already marginalised patient populations. I argue that to resolve these challenges does not thereby justify ‘closed notes’, and conclude with suggestions for how health systems and clinicians might adapt to this innovation to reduce the risk of potential nocebo effects arising via this novel route.
Urinary HER2, TWEAK and VCAM-1 levels are associated with new-onset proteinuria in paediatric lupus nephritis
Authors: Costa-Reis Patricia , Maurer Kelly , Petri Michelle A , Levy Erez Daniella , Zhao Xue , Faig Walter , Burnham Jon , O'Neil Kathleen , Klein-Gitelman Marisa S , von Scheven Emily , Schanberg Laura Eve , Sullivan Kathleen E
Published: August 2022

Objective

Lupus nephritis is a key driver of morbidity and mortality in SLE. Detecting active nephritis on a background of pre-existing renal damage is difficult, leading to potential undertreatment and accumulating injury. An unmet need is a biomarker that distinguishes active lupus nephritis, particularly important in paediatrics where minimising invasive procedures is desirable.

Methods

This was a multicentre, prospective study of 113 paediatric patients with biopsy-proven lupus nephritis. Clinical data and urine were obtained every 3–4 months and patients averaged 2 years on study with seven time points. Urine was analysed for human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), tumour necrosis factor-like weak inducer of apoptosis and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) by ELISA. We defined active disease as either a rise in serum creatinine ≥0.3 mg/dL from baseline or a rise in renal Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity Index score from the previous visit. These markers were also studied in patients with acute kidney injury, juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA), amplified pain syndrome and healthy controls.

Results

The rate of active disease was 56% over an average of 2 years of follow-up. HER2 and VCAM-1 were significantly elevated at time points with active disease defined by increased serum creatinine compared with time points with inactive disease or patients who never flared. All three biomarkers were associated with new-onset proteinuria and VCAM-1 was elevated at time points preceding new-onset proteinuria. These biomarkers were not increased in acute kidney injury or JIA.

Conclusion

All three biomarkers were associated with new onset proteinuria and increased VCAM-1 may predict impending proteinuria. These biomarkers provide potential non-invasive measures for monitoring that may be more sensitive to impending flare than conventional measures.
Pain management for the Nuss procedure: comparison between erector spinae plane block, thoracic epidural, and control
Authors: Santana Lisgelia , Driggers John , Carvalho Norman F
Published: August 2022

Objective

Pectus excavatum is a congenital deformity characterized by a caved-in chest wall. Repair requires surgery. The less invasive Nuss procedure is very successful, but postoperative pain management is challenging and evolving. New pain management techniques to reduce opioid reliance include the erector spinae plane (ESP) block. We retrospectively examined opioid consumption after Nuss procedure comparing three pain management techniques: ESP block, thoracic epidural (TE), and patient-controlled analgesia (PCA).

Methods

This retrospective cohort study compared pain management outcomes of three patient groups. Seventy-eight subjects aged 10–18 years underwent Nuss procedure at our institution between January 2014 and January 2020. The primary outcome measure was opioid consumption measured in morphine milligram equivalents. Secondary measures included pain ratings and length of stay (LOS). Pain was quantified using the Numeric Pain Rating Scale. Analysis of variance was performed on all outcome measures.

Results

Average cumulative opioid use was significantly lower in the ESP block (67 mg) than the TE (117 mg) (p=0.0002) or the PCA group (172 mg) (p=0.0002). The ESP block and PCA groups both had a significantly shorter average LOS (3.3 and 3.7 days, respectively) than the TE group (4.7 days). ESP block performed best for reducing opioid consumption and LOS. Reduced opioid consumption is key for limiting side effects. This study supports use of ESP block as a superior choice when choosing among the three postoperative pain management options that were evaluated.

Conclusion

ESP resulted in reduced opioid consumption postoperatively and shorter LOS than TE or PCA for patients undergoing the Nuss procedure for surgical repair of pectus excavatum.
Targeting FHL1 impairs cell proliferation and differentiation of acute myeloid leukemia cells
Authors: Liu Yabo , Li Huibo , Zhao Yanqiu , Li Dandan , Zhang Qian , Fu Jinyue , Fan Shengjin
Published: August 2022

The four and a half LIM domains 1 (FHL1) is considered to play important roles in tumors. This study aims to investigate the role and precise mechanisms of FHL1 in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Here, we found that FHL1 was highly expressed in AML. CCK8, flow cytometry, and Western blot analysis of cell cycle-related proteins showed that overexpression of FHL1 promoted proliferation and accelerated cell cycle progression in HL-60 cells. Conversely, knockdown of FHL1 inhibited the proliferation and induced cell cycle arrest in KG-1 cells. Furthermore, knockdown of FHL1 promoted cell differentiation, while overexpression of FHL1 restrained all-trans retinoic acid induced cell differentiation in HL-60 cells, revealed by Wright–Giemsa staining and cell surface antigen analysis. Moreover, in vivo experiments revealed that depletion of FHL1 inhibited tumor growth and led to increased levels of CD11b and CD14. Here, we first identify an unexpected and important role of FHL1 that contributes to the AML progression, indicating that FHL1 may be a potential therapeutic target for AML.
Rapid mixed forest encroachment and the expansion of red maple (Acer rubrum) in a peatland: a dendroecological and paleoecological approach
Authors: Lavoie Martin , Grondin Pierre , Caron Catherine , Larouche Alayn C. , Poirier Véronique
Published: August 2022

Some ombrotrophic peatlands in temperate regions have been characterized by a process of rapid densification of their forest cover for several decades. This phenomenon is particularly marked in southern Québec (Canada), where a number of peatlands now contain mixed forest stands. The present study aimed to document the woody encroachment dynamics of a peatland colonized by Larix laricina (Du Roi) K. Koch and Acer rubrum L. The specific objectives were to characterize the contemporary dynamics of the forest cover through analysis of dendrometric, dendrochronological, and aerial photographs, and to reconstruct the evolution of tree species present in situ since the peatland’s origin through botanical identification of ligneous remains collected in excavations of the peat as well as macrofossil analysis of a sedimentary core. The vegetation cover underwent rapid transformation beginning in the 1970s, first by the densification of L. laricina, followed by the expansion of A. rubrum. This transformation followed several millennia during which the peatland continuously presented a shrub-dominated cover with a few scattered coniferous trees. The rapid expansion of a mixed forest cover is a unique event in the peatland’s history. Acer rubrum progressively replaced L. laricina and, in the more or less long-term, should become the dominant species.
Patterns of genome size variation in caridean shrimps: new estimates for non-gambarelloides Synalpheus species
Authors: Moraes Isabela R.R. , Pardo Luis Miguel , Araya-Jaime Cristian , Wolf Milena Regina , Yasui George Shigueki , Solano-Iguaran Jaiber J. , Romagnoli Graziela Gorete , Alevi Kaio Cesar Chaboli , Castilho Antonio Leão
Published: August 2022

Genome size (GS) or DNA nuclear content is considered a useful index for making inferences about evolutionary models and life history in animals, including taxonomic, biogeographical, and ecological scenarios. However, patterns of GS variation and their causes in crustaceans are still poorly understood. This study aimed to describe the GS of five Neotropical Synalpheus non-gambarelloides shrimps ( S. apioceros, S. minus, S. brevicarpus, S. fritzmueller, and S. scaphoceris) and compare the C-values of all Caridea infraorder in terms of geography and phylogenetics. All animals were sampled in the coast of São Paulo State, Brazil, and GS was assessed by flow cytometry analysis (FCA). The C-values ranged from 7.89 pg in S. apioceros to 12.24 pg in S. scaphoceris. Caridean shrimps had higher GS than other Decapoda crustaceans. The results reveal a tendency of obtaining larger genomes in species with direct development in Synalpheus shrimps. In addition, a tendency of positive biogeographical (latitudinal) correlation with Caridea infraorder was also observed. This study provides remarkable and new protocol for FCA (using gating strategy for the analysis), which led to the discovery of new information regarding GS of caridean shrimps, especially for Neotropical Synalpheus, which represents the second-largest group in the Caridea infraorder.
The charm-quark contribution to light-by-light scattering in the muon $$(g-2)$$ from lattice QCD
Authors: Chao En-Hung , Hudspith Renwick J. , Gérardin Antoine , Green Jeremy R. , Meyer Harvey B.
Published: August 2022

We compute the hadronic light-by-light scattering contribution to the muon $$g-2$$

g
-
2

from the charm quark using lattice QCD. The calculation is performed on ensembles generated with dynamical (u, d, s) quarks at the SU(3)$$_\mathrm{f}$$

f

symmetric point with degenerate pion and kaon masses of around 415 MeV. It includes the connected charm contribution, as well as the leading disconnected Wick contraction, involving the correlation between a charm and a light-quark loop. Cutoff effects turn out to be sizeable, which leads us to use lighter-than-physical charm masses, to employ a broad range of lattice spacings reaching down to 0.039 fm and to perform a combined charm-mass and continuum extrapolation. We use the $$\eta _c$$

η
c

meson to define the physical charm-mass point and obtain a final value of $$a_\mu ^\mathrm{HLbL,c}= (2.8\pm 0.5) \times 10^{-11}$$

a
μ

HLbL
,
c

=

(
2.8
±
0.5
)

×

10

-
11

, whose uncertainty is dominated by the systematics of the extrapolation. Our result is consistent with the estimate based on a simple charm-quark loop, whilst being free of any perturbative scheme dependence on the charm mass. The mixed charm–light disconnected contraction contributes a small negative amount to the final value.
FRW cosmological models with quark and strange quark matters in fractal gravity
Authors: Pawar D. D. , Raut D. K. , Patil W. D.
Published: August 2022

In this research, we have studied a flat Friedmann–Roberston–Walker (FRW) cosmological models with quark and strange quark matter in fractal gravity. We have assumed a fractal parameter [Formula: see text] and the fractal function [Formula: see text] in the form of power law to obtain a deterministic solution of the modified field equations of the models. The solution of field equations is obtained in terms of Kummer’s function of first kind. The physical implications of the models are also discussed.
Hybrid Features and Deep Learning Model for Facial Expression Recognition From Videos
Authors: Gavade Priyanka A. , Bhat Vandana S. , Pujari Jagadeesh
Published: July 2022

Facial expression recognition plays a crucial function in the advancement of technologies that can be used in detecting mental illness, sensors, and a wide variety of applications. Facial expression recognition is an interesting as well as strenuous task in digital field due to the complexity of the varying individuals. The intention of this work is to establish a face recognition model relying upon the modified GWO-based ensemble deep convolutional neural network (DCNN), which effectively recognizes the expressions. The substance of the research anticipates on the proposed modified GWO optimization which helps in maintaining the storage capacity with simple structures and provides high convergence. Enabling the optimization in the ensemble DCNN helps in tuning the internal parameters present in the classifier as well as helps in attaining best solution. The accomplishment of the proposed expression recognition model is evaluated utilizing the parameter metrics accuracy, precision, and recall that attained the values of 94.114%, 92.003%, and 95.734% which is more efficient.
BIOMECHANICAL EVALUATION OF AN INVERTED FIXATION FOR ACL RECONSTRUCTION WITH NONMETALLIC HARDWARE AND TIBIAL SUBCORTICAL SUPPORT TO INCREASE STRENGTH AT THE TIBIAL SITE
Authors: PRADO-NÓVOA MARÍA , TRABALÓN ALEJANDRO PEÑA , MORENO-VEGAS SALVADOR , CAMPOS M. BELEN ESTÉBANEZ , ESPEJO-REINA ALEJANDRO , PEREZ-BLANCA ANA
Published: August 2022

In this paper, we evaluate the initial biomechanical properties of an anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction technique that inverts the anatomical location of the commonly used hardware and relies the tibial fixation on the subcortical bone to increase tibial site strength. Four 7-specimen groups were tested in a porcine model: for the control ACL reconstruction technique, the femur with a cross-pin fixation supported in the trabecular bone and the tibia with a biodegradable interference screw (BIS); for the new proposed technique, the femur with a BIS and the tibia with a cross-pin fixation leaned on the tibial subcortical bone. The specimens were subjected to cyclic and load-to-failure tests to compute their biomechanical performance. At the tibia, the cross-pin fixation revealed higher resistance than the BIS ([Formula: see text] for ultimate load and [Formula: see text] = 0.006 for yield load), additionally cyclic and total displacement at representative loads showed extremely high values with BIS fixation (in two specimens greater than 9[Formula: see text]mm for 250 N and greater than 10[Formula: see text]mm for 450[Formula: see text]N). At the femur, no differences between fixations were observed. The inverted ACL reconstruction improves resistance at the tibial site with respect to the control technique, with similar resistance at the femoral site and no differences in total displacement at representative loads. It offers a useful and robust solution when greater tibial resistance is required.
The impact of financial risk attitude on objective-oriented investment behavior
Authors: Shehzad Aamir , Qureshi Shahzadah Fahed , Saeed Muhammad Zubair , Ali Shahid
Published: July 2022

The purpose of this study is to examine the influence of financial risk attitude (FRA) on objective-oriented investment behavior (OOIB) of investors, particularly in underdeveloped countries, by introducing two novel constructs, namely financial satisfaction (FS) as a mediating variable and financial self-efficacy (FSE) as a moderating variable. A cross-sectional and a quantitative approach was used to collect 300 practical responses from active investors through an online questionnaire and a face-to-face interview. To test the hypothesized relationship between the constructed variables, SPSS and Smart PSL were used. According to the analysis, FRA positively impacts OOIB among Pakistani investors. Further, the moderating effect of FSE was found to be significantly positive in the relationship between FRA and FS. Additionally, FS mediates the relationship between FRA and OOIB. Accordingly, a FRA predicts FS and objective-driven investing behavior. This research will be helpful for institutional investors in providing financial services. The study is the first attempt in Pakistan to introduce FS as a mediating construct between FRA and OOIB. Furthermore, this study provides a basis for examining the relationship between FRA and FS as a moderating variable.
Flowboard: How Seamless, Live, Flow-Based Programming Impacts Learning to Code for Embedded Electronics
Authors: Brocker Anke , Schäfer René , Remy Christian , Voelker Simon , Borchers Jan
Published: August 2022

Toolkits like the Arduino system have brought embedded programming to STEM education. However, learning embedded programming is still hard, requiring an understanding of coding, electronics, and how both sides interact. To investigate the opportunities of using a different programming paradigm than the imperative approach to learning embedded coding, we developed
Flowboard
. Students code in a visual iPad editor using
flow-based programming
, which is conceptually closer to circuit diagrams than imperative code. Two breadboards with I/O pins mirrored on the iPad connect electronics and program graph more
seamlessly
than existing IDEs. Program changes take effect immediately. This
liveness
reflects circuit behavior better than edit-compile-run loops. A first study confirmed that students can solve basic embedded programming tasks with Flowboard while highlighting important differences to a typical imperative IDE, Ardublock. A second, in-depth study provided qualitative insights into Flowboard’s impact on students’ conceptual models of electronics and embedded programming and exploring.
COX : Exposing CUDA Warp-level Functions to CPUs
Authors: Han Ruobing , Lee Jaewon , Sim Jaewoong , Kim Hyesoon
Published: August 2022

As CUDA becomes the de facto programming language among data parallel applications such as high-performance computing or machine learning applications, running CUDA on other platforms becomes a compelling option. Although several efforts have attempted to support CUDA on devices other than NVIDIA GPUs, due to extra steps in the translation, the support is always a few years behind CUDA’s latest features. In particular, the new CUDA programming model exposes the warp concept in the programming language, which greatly changes the way the CUDA code should be mapped to CPU programs. In this article, hierarchical collapsing that
correctly
supports CUDA warp-level functions on CPUs is proposed. To verify hierarchical collapsing , we build a framework, COX , that supports executing CUDA source code on the CPU backend. With hierarchical collapsing , 90% of kernels in CUDA SDK samples can be executed on CPUs, much higher than previous works (68%). We also evaluate the performance with benchmarks for real applications and show that hierarchical collapsing can generate CPU programs with comparable or even higher performance than previous projects in general.
In Situ Derived Bi Alloys for High-Performance Li-Ion Batteries: Effect of Conversion Chemistry, Mesomatrix, and Electrolyte
Authors: Ramirez G. , Halajko A. , Amatucci G. G.
Published: August 2022

LixBi alloys are a unique path to enable extraordinarily high rate, safer, and high volumetric energy density batteries. The effectiveness of BiF3 as an electrochemical precursor to a LixBi nanocomposite with excellent cycling efficiency extending beyond 250 cycles is explored to identify key factors critical to future successful development. The relationships between the converted crystallite size and subsequent electrochemical properties were reported with a specific focus on cycling efficiency. Through electrochemical and physical characterization of post-converted BiF3, Bi2O3, and Bi2S3, the size of the post-conversion Bi product was directly correlated with the ionic conductivity of the in situ formed Li salt matrix and subsequent cycling stability. Further key areas for development were introduced, including volumetrically dense conductive alternatives to C and electrolyte formulations, which demonstrate significant improvements in cycling stability. In addition, we demonstrate the ability of BiF3-derived LixBi alloy thin films to delithiate with an 80% utilization at >100 C rate despite the presence of a LiF nanomatrix.
In Situ Thickness Measurements During Cycling of Li-Ion Pouch Cells with Silicon Negative Electrodes
Authors: Arisetty Srikanth , Jimenez Niccolo , Raghunathan K
Published: August 2022

Cell expansion and contraction are major concerns for battery pack and module developers. This work is an effort to understand the behavior of cell expansion due to formation, lithiation and cycling, with measurements made by a system that uses a Linear Variable Differential Transformer (LVDT) sensor. For a NCM622-Silicon cell, impact of factors such as initial compression pressure and calendaring of electrodes on cell expansion were explored. Reversible expansion during charge/discharge in a cycle is a function of cell capacity and reversible expansion can be reduced with increasing initial compression. Irreversible expansion during cycling grows linearly with the number of cycles and can also be reduced with initial compression of the cell. With initial compression of 45 psi, measurements showed 3% cell expansion during formation, 4% reversible expansion in a charge/discharge cycle with C/5 rate, and 12% irreversible expansion over 220 cycles. From the data, a hypothesis was developed suggesting that SEI growth and plastic deformation of the silicon particles could be the main causes for irreversible expansion of the cells with silicon electrodes, with the assumption that cells show less than 20% capacity fade over life.
Elementally Resolved Dissolution Kinetics of a Ni-Fe-Cr-Mn-Co Multi-Principal Element Alloy in Sulfuric Acid Using AESEC-EIS
Authors: Han Junsoo , Gerard Angela Y. , Lu Pin , Saal James E. , Ogle Kevin , Scully John R.
Published: August 2022

Atomic emission spectroelectrochemistry (AESEC) combined with linear sweep voltammetry (LSV) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) provided insights on both active and passive dissolution of Ni-Fe-Cr-Mn-Co multi-principal element alloy. Elemental dissolution rates measured by AESEC during open circuit experiment were in agreement with those extrapolated from AESEC-LSV and indicated element-specific dissolution tendencies. AESEC-EIS at open circuit potential showed nearly in-phase elemental dissolution during potential modulation which suggests direct dissolution from the alloy surface to the electrolyte. In the passive potential domain, no oscillation of the elemental dissolution rate was detected by AESEC-EIS, suggesting non-oxidative chemical dissolution of the outer layer of the passive film. In this case, dissolution at the passive film/electrolyte interface was equal to the metal oxidation rate (passive current density) at the metal/passive film interface and the passive current density was independent of potential.
Efficiency Evaluation and Analysis of Low-Carbon Tourism and Ecological Construction Based on DEA Model
Authors: Guo Eryan , He Jing
Published: July 2022

The rapid development of tourism in China has also caused a lot of energy consumption and serious environmental problems. In the context of sustainable development, low-carbon tourism has become the consensus of management departments, relevant industries, and academia. In environmental-related fields, DEA is considered as an excellent efficiency analysis tool because of its powerful optimization ability. The final variable of DEA method is weight. In order to avoid the influence of human factors with predetermined weights in tourism analysis, this paper studies the evaluation of tourism ecological efficiency based on DEA model. China’s overall tourism ecological efficiency showed a fluctuating upward trend, rising from 0.853 in 2018 to 0.906 in 2021. The national average efficiency over the past four years is 0.855, which is at a low level, indicating that the construction of tourism ecology is still in its infancy, and there is still much room for improvement in the future. As the tourism industry system involves many aspects, such as natural ecology, humanities, economy, and so on, it is an extremely complex system. The research on the ecological efficiency of tourism cannot simply rely on the knowledge system and thinking of a single discipline. Therefore, combined with the relevant theories and knowledge of tourism, management, industrial economics, regional economics, industrial ecology, and other disciplines, this paper makes a systematic study on the problems and countermeasures of Qiaozhai.
Effects of Implementing Night Operation Signal Coordination on Arterials
Authors: Yue Rui , Yang Guangchuan , Zheng Yichen , Yang Yang , Tian Zong
Published: August 2022

Traffic signal coordination, which connects a series of signals along an arterial by various coordination methodologies, has been proven as one of the most cost-effective means for alleviating traffic congestion. Various metropolitan planning organizations (MPO) or transportation management centers (TMC) have included signal timing updates in their strategic plans. However, in practice, signal coordination is usually implemented when traffic volume is heavy (i.e., during peak hours). For the rest of the day, the free operation strategy is usually used to reduce the waiting time of uncoordinated phases. However, this free operation strategy may result in the loss of operational efficiency on the major street. Currently, implementing signal coordination during off-peak hours is rare in the U.S. since there is lack of an efficient method that considers traffic operations for both the major and the minor streets. Therefore, this research provides a novel method that balances the control delays between the major street and the minor street. The procedure is to optimize the splits of the major street while also using the reservice strategy in the signal controller for the minor street. Microsimulation modeling was employed to assess the performance of traffic signal coordination during off-peak periods. Results show that, under reasonable splits, the coordination effect on the major street can be achieved and protected with an acceptable delay to minor street traffic. The strategy can be immediately implemented to reduce travel time for major street traffic.