bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Effectiveness of nurse-led PMTCT health education on self-stigma reduction among HIV-positive women in Mombasa County, Kenya
Authors: Cheptoek Muhamud Chemowo , Karanja Simon , Kibiti Cromuel , Udu Rahma
Published: June 2023

BACKGROUND

Stigma compromises the quality of life of people living with HIV/AIDS. There is a critical knowledge gap on how to combat self-stigma among HIV-positives. the study assessed the effectiveness of nurse-led PMTCT health education on self-stigma reduction among HIV-positive women attending PMTCT antenatal clinics in Mombasa County, Kenya.

METHODOLOGY

The study used a two-group, quasi-experimental research design. All pregnant HIV-positive women of reproductive age (18-49) who attended PMTCT prenatal clinics at the selected Mombasa County healthcare facilities were included in the study. A nurse-led health education program on PMTCT was provided at the intervention location but not at the control site. The mean difference in the proportion of mothers who reported self-stigma between the intervention and control groups was computed using a chi-square statistic. To assess the effectiveness of nurse-led PMTCT health education intervention, the difference in difference (DiD) was conducted.

RESULT

Chi-square statistics indicated that there were significantly (χ2=151.096, df=1, p<0.001) more HIV-positive women with low self-stigma in the intervention group compared to the control group at the end-line survey. Nurse-led health education on PMTCT reduced the proportion of self-stigma in HIV-positive women from 62.1% to 10.6%. It thus reduced the proportion of self-stigma in HIV-positive women significantly by 82.6%.

CONCLUSION

Nurse-led PMTCT health education should be integrated with other interventional strategies aimed at reducing self-stigma among HIV-positive women attending PMTCT antenatal clinics
Evaluation of the Impact of Urban Forestry on Urban Heat Island
Authors: Ukoha P. A. , Okonkwo S. J. , Adewoye A. R.
Published: June 2023

The purpose of this study is to statistically evaluate the impact of urban forestry on urban heat Island in Umuahia city, located in Eastern Nigeria using Land Surface Temperature (LST) time series. The LST datasets were extracted from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS, MYD11A2 V6) satellite using Python and JavaScript in Google Earth Engine (GEE) platform. Two microclimate environments were considered namely:  The Densely and sparsely populated areas in three different locations each. Each microclimate location had 976 observations starting from the 18th of February 2000 to the 1st of May 2021. The Auto-regressive Moving Average (ARMA) was used to model and predict the time series future points of each location; accuracy was measured using Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE) and Root Mean Square Error (RMSE). The Land surface temperature of each selected microclimate location were monitored and the results showed an average observed temperatures difference of 2.90C between the Densely Populated and Sparsely Populated areas. In conclusion, the study showed that inhabitants of densely populated areas experience higher temperature regime than the inhabitants living within the sparsely populated areas. This increase in temperature within the densely populated could be attributed to the gradual loss of vegetation cover, which is due to man-made activities such as land use, land cover changes, industrial activities, vehicular movements, and the heat generated from buildings within the city. Thus, a spatial development planning strategy, which controls the growth of the built area and add green spaces should be created for a friendly urban environment.
YOLOv7 Applied to Livestock Image Detection and Segmentation Tasks in Cattle Grazing Behavior, Monitor and Intrusions
Authors: Moradeyo O. M. , Olaniyan A. S. , Ojoawo A. O. , Olawale J. A. , Bello R. W.
Published: June 2023

You only look once (YOLO) is a state-of-the-art, real-time object detection system. YOLO version 7 (YOLOv7) model is a variant of YOLO. The objective of this paper is to apply YOLOv7 to livestock image detection and segmentation tasks in cattle grazing behavior, monitor and intrusions. Data obtained revealed that YOLOv7 performs better in terms of speed and accuracy with a mAP of 0.95 than the baseline techniques.
Isolation, Identification and Effect of Fungi from Rhizosphere of Diseased Amaranthus hybridus L., Solanum lycopersicum L., Lactuca sativa L. and Allium fistulosum L Vegetable Crops in selected Farms in Lagos State, Nigeria
Authors: Shonde A. T. , Adekunle A. A. , Samuel T. O. , Adeogun O. O. , Ebabhi A. M. , Kanife U. C.
Published: June 2023

Soil microorganisms play prominent roles in soil health, promotion of crop growth and incidence of disease. The objective of this study was to isolate, identify and understand the impact of fungi isolated from rhizosphere and diseased Amaranthus hybridus L., Solanum lycopersicum L., Lactuca sativa L. and Allium fistulosum L vegetable crops in selected farms in Lagos State of Nigeria using standard techniques. A pathogenicity test was conducted to ascertain the pathogen responsible for crop diseases. A total of 138 fungi isolates comprising of 26 fungi species were isolated from the four selected farms. Idi-Araba farm had the highest fungi isolates with 46%, Mile 12 contributed 24% fungi isolates, Iyana Iba had 18% while the least contribution was Badagry farm with 12% fungi isolates. Five were found to be pathogenic on the vegetables which include Fusarium oxysporium, Fusarium solani, Macrophomina phaseolina, Alternaria alternata, and Colletotrichum gleosporoides. Thirty-three (33%) percent of pathogenic fungi isolated were from Idi-araba farm, Iyana-Iba and Mile 12 farms contributed 25% respectively while Badagry farm contributed 17% pathogenic fungi. Our results showed that the presence of pathogenic fungi in all farms is the principal cause of crop disease and severe post-harvest losses.
Awareness and Perceived Efficiency of Tagiri (Lagenaria breviflorus) among Poultry Farmers in Ido Local Government Area, Oyo State, Nigeria
Authors: Adebayo O. O.
Published: June 2023

The study investigated the awareness and perceived efficiency of Tagiri (Lagenaria breviflorus) among poultry farmers in Ido Local Government Area, Oyo State, Nigeria using data obtained from eighty well-structured questionnaires. The result showed that 90.0% of the respondents were male, 60% had primary and secondary education and 68.8% practice intensive system of management. The result also revealed that 50.0% are aware of the antimicrobial property used to treat and control bacterial infection, 46.6% are aware that it has antibacterial property which suppresses the growth of bacterial and their ability to reproduce. It also revealed that 93.1% of the respondents used Lagenaria breviflorus for medicinal purpose. In conclusion, it was examined that majority of the farmers used Tagiri in treating poultry diseases. It was therefore recommended that the extension agents should further put more effort by sensitizing the farmers on the benefits of this medicinal plant for healthy growth in poultry management and since it is effective in treating poultry disease, it should also be adopted for other livestock.
Preservative Synergy of Phenol from Tectonia grandis and Some Indigenous Preservatives on Smoked Clarias gariepinus
Authors: Kester C. T.
Published: June 2023

The preservation potentials of phenol produced by hardwood, Tectonia grandis and some selected indigenous preservatives on smoked Clarias gariepinus were investigated in this study. A sample size of 168 catfish was pre-treated with single (10.0% salt (FS), 10.0% lime (FLM), 10.0% pepper (FPP),) and combined (5.0% salt and 5.0% lime (FSL), 5.0% salt and 5.0% pepper (FSP), 5.0% lime and 5.0% pepper (FLP), 3.3% salt, 3.3% lime and 3.3% pepper (FSLP)), untreated serving as control. The fish samples were smoked at 90.0±5.0ºC for 16 hours, stored under ambient conditions for twelve weeks. Phenol (mg/kg) and Total volatile base-Nitrogen (TVB-N, mgN/100g) were determined at 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 and 12 weeks using official methods of analysis of the Association of Official Analytical Chemist. Phenol levels ranged from 1.21±0.01 to 1.31±0.00 mg/kg in untreated samples and 1.16±0.00 (FS) to 1.33 ±0.00 (FLM). Mean values of Total Volatile Bases in Nitrogen (TVB-N) were significantly different (p<0.05), ranging from 14.24±0.02 to 31.38±0.03mgN/100g in untreated samples and 11.06±0.03 (FS) to 128.60±0.04 mgN/100g (FPP) in treated.  The use of pepper as single preservative on smoked fish should be avoided as it must have promoted autolytic process which led to the formation of high level of volatile compounds. This superseded the phenolic effect of T. grandis after 4 weeks of storage during which C. gariepinus could be re-smoked for fresh impartation of the phenol.
Assessment of the knowledge and practice of pediatric pharmacy among hospital pharmacists in Delta State, Nigeria
Authors: Ahwinahwi Ufuoma Shalom , Okolosi-Patani Omotejohwo Emily , Chima Chimamaka Immaculata
Published: June 2023

The importance of pediatric pharmacy practice cannot be overemphasized in a country with high morbidity in children. This study assessed the knowledge and practice of pediatric pharmacy among hospital pharmacists, Delta State, Nigeria. A cross-sectional study of hospital pharmacists from 10 randomly selected hospitals was done with the aid of a self-administered questionnaire. Fifty- two of the 90 (57.8%) questionnaires were analyzed, 41 (78.8%) respondents had pediatric units in their facilities and 6 (11.5%) had undertaken specialized courses in pediatric pharmacy. The overall knowledge score of pediatric pharmacy among the respondents was 48%. Forty-seven (90.4%) knew children handle medicines differently from adults, 45 (86.5%) knew young and older children respond to medicines differently. Forty-three (82.7%) respondents provided incorrect responses on oral absorption of rifampicin and phenobarbitone and 39(75.0%) for penicillins; 49(94.2%) lacked knowledge as to whether weight is the most accurate method of dosage calculation. Nineteen (36.5%) had dispensed unlicensed medicines, 47 (90.4%) had engaged in extemporaneous preparation, 41 (78.9%) had access to pediatric-tailored drug information sources and at least 38 (73.1%) could advice on measurement of small volumes of oral dosage formulation. Overall knowledge of the respondents was below average score but practice was nonetheless encouraging.
Evaluation of bioactive compounds and antioxidant activities of dichloromethane leaf extracts of Ficus trichocarpa and Lasianthera Africana
Authors: Obia C. , Onyegeme-Okerenta B.M. , Monago-Igorodje C.C.
Published: June 2023

This study evaluated the bioactive compounds present in the dichloromethane leaf extracts of Ficus trichocarpa and Lasianthera africana and also assessed the antioxidant activities of the same leaf extracts. The plant materials were washed under running water to remove foreign matters, air-dried at ambient temperatures under a shade for up to 2 weeks, and afterwards pulverized into coarse powders. The bioactive compounds were analysed using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) while the antioxidant activities were assessed by ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assay, DPPH radical scavenging assay, and hydroxyl radical assay. The results of phytochemical content showed that the leaves are rich in secondary metabolites such as alkaloids, terpenes, flavonoids and non-flavonoid phenolics. Quantitatively, alkaloids were the most abundant secondary metabolites (55.73%) present in the leaf of F. trichocarpa. On the other hand, terpenes were the most abundant secondary metabolites present in the leaf of L. Africana (55.45%). The results of antioxidant assay revealed that both F. trichocarpa and L. africana leaves exhibited high antioxidant activities in a dose-dependent manner: 69.52% and 52.08% respectively at 100 μg/ml for DPPH scavenging activities; 73.18% and 65.65 % respectively at 200 μg/ml for FRAP assay; and (86.25% and 67.08 % respectively at 200μg/ml for hydroxyl radical activities. In conclusion, the dichloromethane leaf extracts of F. trichocarpa and L. africana are rich in secondary metabolites such as alkaloids, terpenes, flavonoids and non-flavonoid phenolics. The leaf extracts also have high antioxidant property.
Efficacy of mixed powder of chilli pepper (Capsicum annum) and bitter leaf powder in control of Callosobruschus maculatus in stored cowpea (Vigina unguiculata (L) Walp)
Authors: Wintola H.U. , Okpanachi M. , Umar S.O. , Ogbe K.U.
Published: June 2023

A mixture of two edible plant product powders chilli pepper (Capsicum annum) and bitter leaf (Vernonia amygdalina) (MEPPP) were studied for the effectiveness in suppressing ovipositor, and progeny emergence against Callosobruschus maculatus (f). Pulverized MEPP at the rate of 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5, 3.0g/20g of cowpea seeds were applied as to pre-treated product powder significantly (P≤0.05) reduced oviposition by C. maculatus when tested as pre-treated application, compared with oviposition in control treatments. Consequently, F1 progeny emergence was significantly (P≤05) suppressed compared with emergence in control. In the treatment after infestation, egg mortalities were highest in treatment with at 2g, 2.5g and 3.0g.
Geo-environmental influence on groundwater quality in Ndele, Southern Nigeria
Authors: Kekwaru M. M. , Morrison T. , Abumere E.
Published: June 2023

Groundwater contamination has been a growing issue in recent times as a result of population growth, urbanization and industrialization. Groundwater is highly susceptible to impacts associated with anthropogenic activities such as the release of waste materials to the environment. The groundwater vulnerability of an area is a function of the geologic and environmental factors of the area. The purpose of the study was to determine the impact of geological and environmental factors on groundwater quality in the Ndele Area of Southern Nigeria. Estimations of groundwater flow direction and overland flow direction in the study area were used to establish the likely groundwater vulnerable areas. The water quality index of groundwater sourced from hand-dug wells and boreholes in the study area was used to appraise the groundwater quality of different locations in the area. Water Quality Index is a means of summarizing and reporting water quality in a consistent manner. The mean values of water quality index parameters evaluated revealed that the WQI of water samples sourced from hand dug wells in the lower altitudes and hydraulc head areas (mini-watershed area) were found to be 101.5, which is categorised to be "unsafe for drinking," while those of the two control locations with higher altitudes and hydraulic heads were 69.0 and 67.2, respectively, and are categorised to be "poor water quality." Water samples sourced from boreholes with average depths of 40m in the lower altitudes and hydraulic head areas (mini-watershed areas) and two control areas were found to be 39.0, 44.3, and 41.2 m respectively and categorized to be "good water quality". Thus, based on some environmental ill practices such as the use of open pit toilets, discharge of suckaway to flow with surface runoffs, and improper disposal of domestic wastes in the area, this study has revealed that groundwater at the locations with lower hydraulic heads and altitudes (mini-watershed area) is highly vulnerable. This may be attributed to the fact that lower lands and hydraulic head areas are susceptible to overland and groundwater flow; hence, infiltration and water table recharge by water from higher altitudes that contaminate groundwater in such areas.
Aspartame induced dyslipidemia and plasma hyperviscosity in Albino Wistar Rats
Authors: Eiya B.O. , Osunbor J.O.
Published: June 2023

Aspartame is a low-calorie sweetener that has been used for decades in place of sugar. However, there has been conflicting reports on the use and safety profile of aspartame associated with several diseases especially cancer and cardiovascular diseases. This study therefore aims to determine the effects of aspartame on some cardiovascular indices. Thirty seven (37) young Albino Wistar rats weighing between 110g-140g were used for this study. The rats were divided into five groups; control (5) received 5 ml of distilled water. Group 1 (n=8) received 5 ml of diet soda, group 2 (n=8) received 5 ml diluted (1:1) diet soda, Group 3 (n=8) received 5 ml aspartame 45 mg/kg b.w, Group 4 (n=8) received 5 ml of aspartame 22.5 mg/kg b.w. The various doses of aspartame and diet soda were administered orally daily for ten weeks. Weight of the rats were taken weekly, at the end of the experimental period, the rats were sacrificed and blood samples collected into plain sample bottles and tri sodium citrate bottles. Lipid profile (total cholesterol, HDL-C, LDL-C and triglyceride) were analyzed spectrophotometrically, fibrinogen and blood viscosity were also measured. Results showed that the aspartame and diet soda significantly increased total cholesterol, triglyceride, LDL-C, fibrinogen and plasma viscosity and significantly decreased HDL cholesterol. In conclusion, consumption of aspartame as a sweetener can impact negatively on cardiovascular haemodymic factors. Therefore, its intake should be discouraged.
Hepatoprotective potentials of aqueous leaf and seed extracts of Artocarpus heterophyllus on testosterone propionate induced prostatitis in Wistar rats.
Authors: Okolo L. U. , Uwakwe A.A. , Anacletus F.C. , Nwauche K.T.
Published: June 2023

This study evaluated the hepatoprotective potentials of aqueous leaf and seed extracts of Artocarpus heterophyllus on testosterone propionate induced prostatitis in Wistar Rat. Male Wistar rats of 100- 125g and 100 in number were obtained from the Department of Pharmacology, University of Port Harcourt animal house and was grouped into 10 of 10 rats each. The various groups were fed and administered with various concentrations (100mg/kg, 200mg/kg, 300mg/kg and 200mg/kg combined extract) of the leaves and seeds extracts of A. heterophyllus. The hepatoprotective potentials was studied by evaluating the liver function parameters on the male Wistar rats by day 21, 42 and 63 of the experiment using standard laboratory methods. The results obtained showed significantly (p< 0.05) increased ALP levels (401.57±0.85) on administration of testosterone propionate in group 2 (induced not treated group) day 21, as against the normal control group (294.57±0.06), while group 5 (Rats induced with TP (4 mg/kg) and administered 200 mg/kg of aqueous extract of A. heterophyllus leaves) revealed minimal level of ALP 293.47±0.006 by day 63. Minimum values for AST 23.00±0.51 was seen in group 8 day 21) with maximum activity 76.82±0.09 seen in group 1 day 21, ALT minimum level 7.67±0.33 was observed in group 4 day 21, while maximum levels 38.41±0.51 was seen in group 2 day 21, Albumin minimum level 17.87±0.09 was seen in group 2 day 63, with maximum level 31.13±0.18 observed in group 8 day 63, while minimum Total Protein 26.31±0.84 was shown in group 2 day 63 and maximum 64.63±0.49 in group 8 day 42. Obtained values from groups 5, 6, 9 and 10 were shown to be significantly different when compared with the negative control in group 2 but not significantly different with control group 1 and 3, hence depicting a more stabilized and hepatoprotective system in the plant extract treated groups compared to the negative control (group 2) at day 21. However, group 5 was shown to have higher hepatoprotective potentials by day 42 followed by group 10.
Looking through their eyes: participant-driven videography to inform visitor use management
Authors: Rogowski Julianna , Fefer Jessica P. , Zajchowski Christopher A.B. , Wilkes Jessica , Sharp Ryan
Published: June 2023

Participant-driven videography (PDV) consists of research participants using a camera to record videos about a subject or experience, giving participants control and minimizing researcher assumptions. This multi-case study demonstrates the application of PDV to parks and protected area (PPA) research, and concludes with recommendations for its future application in such research. In interviews conducted remotely with national park stakeholders, participants were asked to conduct a ‘virtual tour’ using video and audio while identifying attributes of importance. Analysis includes a priori coding of videos and transcripts to highlight variables of importance based on visual and auditory clues. SWOT analysis exploring the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats of applying PDV to PPA research indicates its utility for gaining qualitative insights into PPA management above and beyond more common qualitative approaches.
Espionagem e a revelação de segredos estatais: uma análise do artigo 359-K, § 4º, do Código Penal
Authors: Stoco Tatiana
Published: June 2023

The amendment by Law nº 14.197/2021, which introduced art. 359-K, § 4º, in the Brazilian Penal Code, provides a cause for exclusion of criminal liability in case of communication, delivery or publication of information and documents classified as secret, protecting whistleblowers against convictions of espionage, whenever the purpose of disclosure is to expose the practice of crime or violation of human rights. The present article intends to address, at first, whether the Brazilian legislator, contrary to the world trend in this matter, had acted well when inserting in the legal system a provision of this nature. Next, the structure chosen for the criminal protection of whistleblowers against criminal sanctions will be critically analyzed. Finally, in face of the problems raised by the wording of § 4º of art. 359-K of the Brazilian Penal Code, some considerations will be made as lege ferenda, in an attempt to overcome them.
CURRENT PROBLEMS OF IMPROVING THE QUALITY OF EDUCATION AND PHILOLOGY: THEORY, INNOVATIVE TECHNOLOGIES
Authors: Vladlenov Denis , Miroshnyk Svitlana , Balalaieva Olena , Bilier Oksana , Малімон Олександр , Вольчинський Анатолій , Смолюк Вадим , Герасимюк Петро , Ковальчук Андрій , Khimion Liudmyla , Sytiuk Tetiana , Kucher Olena , Moroz Galina , Vydyborets Stanislav , Руденко Тетяна , Korolyova Natalia , Lychuk Mariia , Svystun Nina , Вільчинська Тетяна , Вільчинський Олександр , Чубук Руслан
Published: June 2023

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Features of the Functioning of the Legal System in the Context of Digitalization Processes
Authors: Khomyshyn Iryna , Dragan Ivan , Sidelkovskyi Oleksii , Yepryntsev Pylyp , Fatkhutdinova Olena
Published: June 2023

Using a documentary-based methodology, the aim of the study was to identify the key features of the functioning of the legal system in the context of digitization processes. The rapid growth of information volumes, the formation of information sets and databases, the intensive development of digital technologies, their widespread introduction in various spheres of public life, their mediation in a growing number of areas and types of social interaction, the activities of state and public institutions are a significant factor in the development of modern society, forming a "digital" reality. It is concluded that, in the conditions of the new reality, the law becomes not only a means, a tool ensuring digitalization of economy, management and other segments of social life, but also, an object of influence of "digitalization", by virtue of which it undergoes changes in its form, content, system, structure, mechanism of action and shows tendency to intensify emerging transformations. As a result of the study, the current trends and prerequisites for the characteristics of the functioning of the legal system in the context of digitization processes were investigated.
Población adulta mayor en la agenda de políticas de Ecuador: Una aproximación desde el neoinstitucionalismo
Authors: Floril Anangonó Norma Paola
Published: June 2023

The challenges of the demographic transition require urgent State actions that meet the needs and demands of the population aged 65 and over. This article addresses the insertion of the problems of the older adult population in the policy agenda of the Ecuadorian State. For this purpose, a qualitative orientation is followed, under the theoretical framework of neoinstitutionalism. For the analysis, a review was made of the trajectory of state action in the recent history of the nation, in which three major facets of the agenda were identified: minimal early insertion, neoliberal opening and recognition of rights. The main conclusion is that it is a symbolic agenda, affected by a sort of institutional ageism, which places the problems of the elderly in a peripheral position in Ecuadorian politics, despite the great normative platform that the country has and a governmental discourse of broad recognition of this group.
Environmental crisis overcoming as a factor for achieving economic sustainability in the context of the European green course
Authors: Voronkova Valentyna , Nikitenko Vìtalina , Oleksenko Roman , Andriukaitiene Regina , Polysaiev Olexsander
Published: June 2023

By means of the modeling methodology, the object of the study was the theoretical and practical aspects of overcoming environmental crises as a factor to achieve sustainability. In today's world, several crises are combined: social, political, cultural and moral, the crisis of democracy, ideology and the general crisis of the capitalist system. More specifically, the economic and environmental crises are linked to the financial crises and the existing disorientation is due, to a large extent, to the financial risks that have affected the ecological footprint of civilization. As a result of the tasks set, the concept of planetary boundaries has emerged as an effective means of measuring the state of the planet and its threats. In this sense, the concept of an economy in need of transformation has been formed, as environmental growth and technological progress are accompanied and even accelerated by economy and resource efficiency. It is concluded that, current trends on Earth are not sustainable, and traditional responses to these problems often depend on the type of economic growth that is strongly associated, simultaneously, with additional resource consumption and the policies that make it possible.
Passive Building Design Evaluation in Nigeria: The Case for Energy-Conscious Design of Residential Buildings for the Dynamics of Nature
Authors: A. Yusuf, , O. K. Akande,
Published: June 2023

Globally, air-conditioning systems consume over 40% of the total energy consumed by buildings. This accounts for one-third of global greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, which significantly contribute to climate change. Building designs must take climate into account at all times. This study sought to evaluate passive methods of making residential buildings more energy efficient, hence lowering energy usage. The study concentrated on residential buildings in Abuja, Nigeria. Using a quantitative method, a survey was utilised to collect data from randomly selected respondents. A total of 121 questionnaires were distributed to study participants, and the weighted mean of replies was sorted ordinally from 107 respondents. Although the results indicated that the residential buildings were designed and supervised by architects and engineers, it was surprising that features that could make the buildings more energy efficient were not fully considered in the design because the respondents were unsure of the availability of passive design measures due to their inadequacy. The study emphasises the necessity of considering the micro climatic condition of the building environment, as well as passive design features that could lessen reliance on mechanical means and so use energy efficiently. The paper builds on the findings by arguing for energy-conscious residential building design that takes into account natural dynamics. This might be accomplished by implementing passive design features appropriate for the climatic environment, which could result in a reduction in energy demand for cooling the indoor environment.
Edible Biopolymers from Marine Algae used as an Alternate Packaging material: A Review on their characteristics and properties
Authors: S.U. Subhalakshmi , A Thahira Banu
Published: June 2023

Food packaging is estimated to account for two-thirds of all plastic waste. As a result, it is crucial to discover alternative packaging materials that are both environmentally friendly and safe for human health. Marine algae are becoming more well-known and in demand as cutting-edge resources for producing biopolymers like proteins and polysaccharides. Because of their biocompatibility, biodegradability, and lack of toxicity, biopolymers have been suggested as potential sources for food packaging materials. Numerous research has thoroughly examined the extraction, separation, and use of marine biopolymers in the creation of sustainable packaging. Marine algae are also rich in protein and mineral content, they also have anticancer, anti-obesity, and hypolipidemic properties due to the presence of polyunsaturated conjugated fatty acids. The edible films enhance the shelf life of food by controlling moisture without changing the elements of food. The marine algae are collected either in the intertidal or subtidal areas and they will be dried for further process. The edible films are environmentally friendly. The edible film made from marine algae is a mixture of protein, polysaccharides, lipids, and resins. The factors which affect the properties of the edible film are the source of raw material, surface charge, hydrophobicity, polymer chain length, plasticizer type, proportion, and synthesis method. There are numerous research has been conducted to develop edible film using various matrix constituents. This review provides an overview of Marine algae, its process, and edible films, its characteristics, and factors affecting the film.
Ulusal Kimlik ve Kültürel Duyarlılığın Tüketici Etnosentrizmi ve Algılanan Risk Üzerindeki Etkisi: Bir Yol Analizi
Authors: KALBURAN Çetin , KANTAR Murat , BARDAKCI Ahmet , HAŞILOĞLU Selçuk Burak
Published: June 2023

Bu çalışmada, ulusal kimlik ile tüketici etnosentrizmi, kültürel duyarlılık ile tüketici etnosentrizmi ve tüketici etnosentrizmi ile algılanan risk arasındaki ilişkilerin ölçülmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaçla, kolayda örneklemle 343 katılımcıdan anket yoluyla toplanan veriler kullanılmıştır. Araştırma modeli, Wang vd.’nin (2018: 326) İngiltere pazarında test ettiği modelden uyarlanmıştır. Araştırma modelini ve modeldeki ilişkileri analiz edebilmek üzere yol analizi gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırmanın sonuçları, ulusal kimliğe yönelik tutumu yüksek tüketicilerin, etnosentrizm düzeylerinin de yüksek olduğu ve bu yüzden yabancı ürün alma eğilimlerinin düşük olduğuna işaret etmektedir. Bulgular, tüketici etnosentrizmi ile yabancı menşeli ürünlere yönelik algılanan risk arasında pozitif bir ilişki olduğunu göstermektedir. Ancak kültürel hassasiyet ile tüketici etnosentrizmi arasında anlamlı bir ilişki ortaya konulamamıştır.
Feasibility study for the creation of a chocolate processing plant
Authors: Huayamave Álvarez Karla Dolores , Mera Parraga Marlon Javier , Gongora Munoz Erika Jahaira , Duenas Utreras Juan Antonio
Published: June 2023

This article presents a feasibility study for establishing a chocolate processing plant. The study employed a comprehensive approach, encompassing with a market analysis, technical assessment, and financial evaluation to examine the acceptance of chocolate, its characteristics, operational requirements, and the potential market impact. The selected target market (individuals aged 15-64) displayed a favorable reception towards the chocolate products. The technical study indicated a projected production capacity of 300,000 chocolate bars annually, commencing from the 8th year and continuing until the 10th year of the project. The financial analysis revealed a promising internal rate of return of 46% and an expected opportunity rate of 35%, resulting in a net present value of $148,039.11. Based on the comprehensive analyses conducted, the project demonstrated feasibility, with a proposed leverage of 98% and a required investment of 2%, resulting in a total investment amounting to $304,814.58.
Use of gamification as a pedagogical strategy to strengthen the understanding of application problems with rational numbers
Authors: Alvarado Rodriguez Ronnie Alexander , Rosado Cusme Kelvin Agustin
Published: June 2023

Gamification is defined as incorporating game elements in non-traditional academic environments to motivate students and improve their engagement and participation in learning processes. This quali-quantitative study aimed to analyze gamification uses as a teaching strategy to improve the understanding of application problems with rational numbers and its influence on motivation during learning. Twenty-eight students participated in this study. The data analysis showed that students who received instruction with gamification obtained a greater understanding of the content and a more remarkable ability to work individually and in teams. In addition, students expressed greater satisfaction and motivation for mathematics through gamification.
Effect of Photochromic Senofilcon A Contact Lens on Total Aberrations of the Eye
Authors: KILIC Deniz , SİREM Muhammed Raşit , AZİZ Yunus Naci , KOCA Semra , TOPRAK İbrahim
Published: June 2023

Purpose: To investigate the effect of newly designed photochromic Senofilcon-A lens(PCL) on optical aberrations of the eye (total (TA) and high-order-aberrations (HOA)) under ambient illumination conditions.

Methods: In this retrospective study, 40 eyes of 20 volunteers were fitted with a non-photochromic Senofilcon-A contact lens on the right eye, a PCL on left eye. Subjects were evaluated in terms of best-corrected visual-acuity. Aberrometric measurements were obtained at baseline(lens-free), with activated and deactivated PCL in 3 mm, 6 mm and maximum pupil size.

Results: In lens-free situation there was no difference in terms of TA and HOAs(for 3mm, 6mm and max-pupil-size, TA; P= .456; P= .687; P= .899 and HOA; P = .226; P = .259; P = .442 respectively).In all pupil diameters, in the PCL group compared to the standard lens group, there was a slight increase in total aberrations independent of lens activation, which was not statistically significant(for 3mm,6mm and max-pupil-size, activated lens situation;P = .523; P = .622; P = .244 and deactivated lens situation; P = .785; P = .357; P = .201,respectively). Contrary to total aberrations, higher order aberrations were non-significantly slightly decreased in the PCL group(for 3mm,6mm and max-pupil-size, activated lens situation; P = .235; P = .661; P = .841 and deactivated lens situation;P = .245; P = .071; P = .231,respectively).

Conclusion: The PCL produces similar TA and HOAs with the non-photochromic soft contact lens in both activated and deactivated situation. PCLs can be preferred for those who need uninterrupted vision in variable light conditions.
DEMOGRAPHIC ANALYSIS OF PEDIATRIC PATIENTS PRESENTING TO THE EMERGENCY DEPARTMENT WITH HEAD TRAUMA
Authors: DANIŞ Faruk , DANIŞ Ayşegül
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Objective: In this study, it was aimed to analyze the demographic characteristics, mortality rates, hospitalization rates and causes of trauma in pediatric patients admitted to the emergency department with head trauma.

Materials and Methods: Pediatric patients admitted to a university hospital emergency department (tertiary emergency service) between 01.01.2015 and 31.12.2020 due to head trauma were included in this study. Demographic data of the patients, computed tomography reports of the heads, inpatient to departments or intensive care units, discharge status, Glasgow Coma Scores, Glasgow Outcome Scores were evaluated retrospectively and statistically analyzed.

Results: 691 patients were included in the study. The median age of the patients was 7.7 years (IQR;4.2-.13.1). It was observed that the most common age range for head trauma was 10-14 years (early adolescence). The most common cause of head trauma was falling (n=501 72.5%). According to GCS, the most common cause of severe trauma was traffic accidents (n=8, 72.7%).

Conclusion: In our study; Contrary to the literature, it has been determined that head trauma occurs most frequently in the 10-14 age group. In our study, we found that the most common cause of head trauma was falling, but the most common cause of death was traffic accidents.
Türkiye'de Emeklilik Yaşı Sonrası Çalışma: Yaşam Seyri Yaklaşımından Niteliksel bir Analiz
Authors: Kösem Çınay Mine
Published: June 2023

Emek piyasasındaki düzenlemeler ve emeklilik reformlarını kapsayan çalışma hayatının uzatılmasına yönelik politikalar ile birlikte ileri yaşta çalışmak bugünün toplumlarında bir norm haline gelmiştir. Dünyanın birçok ülkesinde olduğu gibi, Türkiye’de de giderek belirgin bir fenomene dönüşen emeklilik yaşının ötesinde çalışma olgusuna odaklanan bu araştırmanın bulguları Türkiye örneğinde katılımcıların emeklilik yaşının ötesinde çalışmaya devam etme kararlarını etkileyen faktörlerin karmaşıklığını ortaya koymaktadır. Yaşam seyrine yayılmış olan bu faktörler, refah sistemindeki ve emek piyasasındaki değişiklikler, hane halkı ihtiyaçları ve bireysel motivasyonlar gibi farklı düzlemlerde kesişmektedir. Son olarak, araştırma ileriki yaşamda çalışma anlatılarının aynı zamanda Türkiye’de yaşlılıkta gelir kaybı riskinin bireyselleştiğinin bir göstergesi olduğunu ileri sürmektedir.
Türkiye'de Krizler, Afetler ve Çocuk
Authors: Erbil Fetiye
Published: June 2023

Bu yazıda temel olarak Türkiye’de son yıllarda meydana gelen afetler ve krizlerin çocukları nasıl etkilediği incelenmiştir. Bu inceleme, çocuk haklarını ve çocukların iyi olma hallerini merkeze alarak yapılmıştır. 6 Mart 2023 Kahramanmaraş-Hatay merkezli depremler sonrasında çocukların yaşadığı sorunların resmi çekilmiş, yaşadıkları hak ihlalleri listelenmiş ve benzer durumlarda yapılması gereken öneriler sıralanmıştır. Yakın zamanda yaşanan bir başka büyük kriz olan Covid-19 salgını esnasında alınan tedbirlerin çocukların yaşantısını nasıl etkilediği ve benzer salgınlarda atılması gereken adımlar incelenmiştir. Son olarak, Türkiye’nin içinde bulunduğu ekonomik kriz sebebiyle derinleşen yoksullukla birlikte, düşük gelirli hanelerde çocukların temel haklarına erişimde yaşadığı zorluklardan bahsedilmiştir. Önümüzdeki yıllarda meydana gelebilecek krizler ve afetlerle ilgili yapılması gereken çocuk-merkezli hazırlıklar konusunda öneriler verilmiştir.
Deprem Bölgesinde Göçmen/Sığınmacı/Mülteci Olmak
Authors: Uyan Semerci Pınar , Danış Didem , Birol Barış , Turan Dilşad
Published: June 2023

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What We Owe Each Other: A New Social Contract for a Better Society by Minouche Shafik
Authors: Cihan Özlem
Published: June 2023

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Pelatihan Pembuatan Spray Tanaman Serai untuk Mencegah DBD dalam Meningkatkan Kesehatan dan Ekonomi Keluarga
Authors: Melviani Melviani , Nugraha Dyan Fitri , Novianty Nadya , Noval Noval
Published: June 2023

Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) is a major health problem in Indonesia caused by dengue virus infection carried by the Aedes aegypty mosquito. It is not new that people's main choice to avoid mosquito bites is to use mosquito repellent products containing synthetic insecticides that are widely sold in the market and used by burning, spraying, applying and even electronics that require electricity. Synthetic insecticides are associated with events that can harm the environment and health. Therefore, switching to natural ingredients that are relatively much safer is considered important. One plant with mosquito-repellent power is lemongrass (Cymbopogon citratus). The purpose of this service is to provide skills to the community in processing lemongrass into mosquito repellent spray to prevent dengue fever which is also valuable in improving the family economy. The methods used in this service are education about dengue fever, the benefits of lemongrass, and tips on managing a business and training on making lemongrass plant spray. The service participants seemed very enthusiastic in participating in the entire series of activities. Abstrak: Demam Berdarah Dengue (DBD) merupakan masalah kesehatan utama di Indonesia yang disebabkan oleh infeksi virus dangeu yang dibawa oleh nyamuk Aedes aegypty. Bukan hal baru bahwa pilihan utama masyarakat untuk menghindari gigitan nyamuk adalah dengan menggunakan produk anti nyamuk yang mengandung insektisida sintetik yang banyak dijual di pasaran yang digunakan dengan cara dibakar, disemprot, dioleskan bahkan eletrik yang membutuhkan aliran listrik. Penggunaan insektisida sintetik dikaitkan dengan kejadian yang dapat membahayakan lingkungan dan kesehatan. Oleh karena itu, dianggap penting untuk beralih pada bahan alami yang relatif jauh lebih aman. Salah satu tanaman yang mempunyai daya penolak nyamuk adalah serai (Cymbopogon citratus). Tujuan pengabdian ini adalah untuk memberikan keterampilan pada masyarakat dalam mengolah serai menjadi spray anti nyamuk untuk mencegah DBD yang juga bernilai dalam menignkatkan ekonomi keluarga. Metode yang digunakan dalam pengabdian ini adalah edukasi mengenai DBD, manfaat serai, dan tips mengelola usaha serta pelatihan pembuatan spray tanaman serai. Peserta pengabdian nampak sangat antusias dalam mengikuti seluruh rangkaian kegiatan.
Pemberdayaan Keluarga Sebagai Upaya Meningkatkan Kesehatan Lansia
Authors: Wawomeo Aris , Cahyani Sisilia Leny , Woga Raimunda , Kurnia Theresia Avila
Published: June 2023

The increasing life expectancy in Indonesia is a sign that the government must be more serious in improving programs related to the elderly, especially the health of the elderly in a comprehensive manner so that the welfare of the elderly is getting better and they can live properly. Family support is needed to maintain the health of the elderly, to improve the quality of life of the elderly. The main health problem experienced by the elderly population worldwide is non-communicable diseases. The targets of this community service activity are posyandu cadres and families who have the elderly. This type of activity is community service in the form of health education related to elderly health problems, providing training to families, filling out the Family Health Monitor board and the "Healthy Elderly, Happy Family" module and conducting home visits to analyze the health of the elderly directly and the risk factors that threaten the health of the elderly. This community service activity was conducted from April 11 to June 26, 2021. This service was conducted in the Rewarangga Health Center Area, East Ende District, Ende Regency, NTT Province. This activity was attended by 10 elderly posyandu cadres and 30 families who have the elderly. There is a need for further community service activities in this area, due to its difficult access and signal location, so the public is rarely exposed to the latest health information. Abstrak: Meningkatnya angka harapan hidup di Indonesia merupakan pertanda bahwa pemerintah harus lebih serius dalam meningkatkan program-program yang berkaitan dengan lanjut usia terutama kesehatan lanjut usia secara komprehensif agar kesejahteraan lanjut usia semakin baik dan dapat hidup dengan layak. Dukungan keluarga sangat diperlukan dalam menjaga kesehatan lansia, guna meningkatkan kualitas hidup lansia. Masalah kesehatan utama yang dialami oleh penduduk lanjut usia di seluruh dunia adalah penyakit tidak menular. Sasaran kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini adalah kader posyandu dan keluarga yang memiliki lansia. Jenis kegiatannya adalah pengabdian masyarakat berupa penyuluhan kesehatan terkait masalah kesehatan lansia, memberikan pelatihan kepada keluarga, mengisi papan Pemantau Kesehatan Keluarga dan modul “Lansia Sehat, Keluarga Bahagia” serta melakukan kunjungan rumah untuk menganalisis kesehatan lansia. lansia secara langsung dan faktor risiko yang mengancam kesehatan lansia. Kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini dilaksanakan pada tanggal 11 April s/d 26 Juni 2021. Kegiatan pengabdian ini dilaksanakan di Area Puskesmas Rewarangga, Kecamatan Ende Timur, Kabupaten Ende, Provinsi NTT. Kegiatan ini diikuti oleh 10 kader posyandu lansia dan 30 keluarga yang memiliki lansia. Kesimpulan: Perlu adanya kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat lebih lanjut di daerah ini, karena lokasinya yang sulit diakses dan sulit sinyal, sehingga masyarakat jarang terpapar informasi kesehatan terkini.
Implikasi Perubahan Perizinan Tenaga Kerja Asing terhadap Pendapatan Asli Daerah Kabupaten Lombok Barat
Authors: Sartori Saskia Nina , Ufran Ufran
Published: June 2023

The establishment of the Job Creation Law which was aimed to respond to global economic development and accelerate domestic economic growth, was being rejected by various groups of people resulting in a Judicial Review process by the Constitutional Court of Indonesia. The law has been declared being conditionally unconstitutional by the Court which brings out juridical implications. This study aims to analyze the juridical implications of the establishment of job creation law towards changes in permits for the use of foreign workers and the implication of the change on the original local government revenue of West Lombok. This research uses a normative method with a conceptual and statutory approach. The result of this study shows changes regarding to the permit for foreign workers' usage due to the problematic newly established law. However, this is not supported by a supporting regional regulation therefore the retribution cannot be carried out effectively by the West Lombok District Government. Abstrak: Pengesahan Undang-Undang Cipta Kerja yang ditujukan untuk meresponi perkembangan ekonomi global serta mempercepat pertumbuhan ekonomi dalam negeri mendapatkan penolakan dari berbagai kalangan hingga melalui proses judicial review di Mahkamah Konstitusi. Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi terhadap Undang-Undang Cipta Kerja yang dinyatakan inkonstitusional bersyarat kemudian berdampak secara yuridis. Penelitian ini ditujukan untuk menganalisis dampak yuridis disahkannya Undang-Undang Cipta Kerja terhadap perubahan perizinan dalam  penggunaan tenaga kerja asing serta implikasinya terhadap Pendapatan Asli Daerah di Lombok Barat. Metodologi penelitian yang digunakan ialah penelitian normatif dengan pendekatan konseptual dan perundang-undangan. Hasil penelitian menenjukkan bahwa terdapat perubahan pengaturan terkait izin kerja bagi Tenaga Kerja Asing namun tidak didukung dengan adanya penyesuaian melalui Peraturan Daerah sehingga penarikan retribusi daerah tidak dapat dilakukan secara efektif.