bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Thorakoskopische Sympathektomie bei palmarer und axillärer Hyperhidrosis
Authors: Rohleder Stephan , Münsterer Oliver , Gödeke Jan
Published: July 2020

Zielsetzung Der vorliegende Beitrag zeigt Schritt für Schritt die thorakoskopische Sympathektomie bei primär fokaler Hyperhidrosis.

Indikation Schwitzen ist für die Thermoregulation ein physiologischer und lebenswichtiger Mechanismus. Überproportional gesteigertes Schwitzen, die sog. Hyperhidrose, kann zu erheblichem Leidensdruck bei Patienten aller Altersklassen führen. Man unterscheidet hierbei eine generalisierte, meist durch eine Grunderkrankung bedingte Hyperhidrose von einer fokalen, meist idiopathischen Form, die überwiegend Hände, Achseln, Gesicht und Füße betrifft. Die häufigste Indikation weltweit für eine thorakale Sympathektomie sind die ansonsten therapierefraktäre, idiopathische palmare und axilläre Hyperhidrose, bei denen eine pathologische Sympathikusinnervation der lokalen ekkrinen Schweißdrüsen an Händen und in den Axillen besteht.

Methode Beschrieben wird die thorakoskopische Sympathektomie in Rückenlage mit Oberkörperhochlagerung bei einer adoleszenten Patientin. Unter Vollnarkose und Single-Lumen-Ventilation wird neben einem 3-mm-Kameratrokar in der Axillarfalte ein weiterer 5-mm-Trokar im lateralen 4. oder 5. Interkostalraum (ICR) platziert (im Verlauf der Brustfalte bei weiblichen Patienten). Der Grenzstrang mit den sympathischen Ganglien thorakal (Th) 2 – 4 wird sicher identifiziert, koaguliert und mittels Diathermie auf dem Caput costae jeweils durchtrennt. In der Regel wird die Operation in gleicher Sitzung beidseits thorakal durchgeführt, da das bilaterale, lokal gesteigerte Schwitzen zu den Diagnostikkriterien der Hyperhidrosis zählt.

Schlussfolgerung Die thorakoskopische Sympathektomie ist, insbesondere bei fokaler palmarer und axillärer Hyperhidrosis, aus Sicht der Autoren ein geeignetes Therapieverfahren, um die betreffenden Ganglien und den Grenzstrang selektiv zu durchtrennen. Mit der beschriebenen minimalinvasiven Operationstechnik ist eine anhaltend langfristige Symptomlinderung für die Patienten erreichbar.
Erweiterte Resektionsverfahren bei lokal fortgeschrittenen Tumoren des Thymus im Stadium III
Authors: Markowiak Till , Hofmann Hans-Stefan , Ried Michael
Published: July 2020

Die Therapie lokal fortgeschrittener Tumoren des Thymus bedarf einer differenzierten Diagnostik und multimodalen Vorgehensweise, bestehend aus Operation, Radio- und/oder Chemotherapie. Im Hinblick auf das rezidivfreie Überleben und das Langzeitüberleben stellt auch in diesem Stadium die radikale und vollständige Resektion des Tumors den wichtigsten prognostischen Faktor dar. Das Masaoka-Koga-Stadium III beschreibt das lokal invasive Wachstum von malignen Thymustumoren in die mediastinalen Nachbarstrukturen. Abhängig vom Ausmaß der Tumorinfiltration kann die operative Resektion primär oder nach einer Induktionstherapie durchgeführt werden. In vielen Fällen müssen diese Tumoren jedoch auch als nicht resektabel eingestuft werden, sodass nur eine palliative Radio-/Chemotherapie als Therapieoption bleibt. Vor wenigen Jahren wurde erstmalig eine neue TNM-Klassifikation für maligne Thymustumoren eingeführt, die in vielen Teilen der klassischen Masaoka-Koga-Klassifikation zwar ähnelt, jedoch auch einige therapierelevante Änderungen beinhaltet. So wird hier zwischen den Stadien IIIA und IIIB unterschieden, mit dem Ziel, bei lokal fortgeschrittenen Thymustumoren die Resektabilität differenzierter einschätzen und folglich auch das gesamte Therapiekonzept entsprechend besser planen zu können. Neben Thymus, Thymom, perithymischem Fettgewebe, mediastinaler Pleura (Stadium I) oder Perikard (Stadium II) sollten bei Tumoren des Stadiums III alle infiltrierten Strukturen nach Möglichkeit „en bloc“ entfernt werden. Während bspw. die Lunge, brachiozephale Gefäße oder extraperikardiale Pulmonalgefäße noch reseziert und ggf. rekonstruiert werden können, limitiert die Infiltration der Aorta oder intraperikardialer Pulmonalgefäße häufig eine makroskopisch vollständige Resektion.
Synthesis of Polycyclic Natural Products through Skeletal Rearrangement
Authors: Yokoshima Satoshi
Published: July 2020

Construction of rings through reliable reactions followed by changes in the ring size or the connectivity through skeletal rearrangement provides molecules with a wide range of skeletons. In this account, our syntheses of polycyclic natural products through skeletal rearrangement are discussed.

1 Introduction

2 Synthesis through Changes in the Ring Size

3 Synthesis by Biomimetic Strategies

4 Synthesis through Metathesis

5 Synthesis through Temporary Formation of a Ring

6 Conclusion
Scaling laws in turbulence
Authors: Josserand Christophe , Le Berre Martine , Pomeau Yves
Published: July 2020

Following the idea that dissipation in turbulence at high Reynolds number is dominated by singular events in space–time and described by solutions of the inviscid Euler equations, we draw the conclusion that in such flows, scaling laws should depend only on quantities appearing in the Euler equations. This excludes viscosity or a turbulent length as scaling parameters and constrains drastically possible analytical pictures of this limit. We focus on the drag law deduced by Newton for a projectile moving quickly in a fluid at rest. Inspired by this Newton’s drag force law (proportional to the square of the speed of the moving object in the limit of large Reynolds numbers), which is well verified in experiments when the location of the detachment of the boundary layer is defined, we propose an explicit relationship between the Reynolds stress in the turbulent wake and quantities depending on the velocity field (averaged in time but depending on space). This model takes the form of an integrodifferential equation for the velocity which is eventually solved for a Poiseuille flow in a circular pipe.
Tiny device harvests energy from the tap of a finger
Authors: Bandari Anashe
Published: July 2020

By utilizing natural human interactions as an energy source, the device can be used to introduce smart functionalities to everyday objects.
Perspectives on the generation of electron beams from plasma-based accelerators and their near and long term applications
Authors: Joshi C. , Corde S. , Mori W. B.
Published: July 2020

This article first gives the authors' perspectives on how the field of plasma-based acceleration (PBA) developed and how the current experiments, theory, and simulations are motivated by long term applications of PBA to a future linear collider and an x-ray free electron laser. We then focus on some early applications that will likely emerge from PBA research such as electron beam radiotherapy, directional but incoherent x-ray beams for science and technology, near single cycle continuously tunable infrared pulses for spectroscopy, and non-perturbative quantum electrodynamics enabled by PBA electron beams. In our opinion, these near term applications could be developed within the next decade with a concerted effort by the community.
Optoelectronic properties of type-II SePtTe/InS van der Waals heterojunction
Authors: Ren Jialuo , Zhang Chunxiao , He Chaoyu , Ouyang Tao , Li Jin , Tang Chao , Zhong Jianxin
Published: July 2020

Constructing van der Waals (vdW) heterojunctions via stacking different two-dimensional materials is an effective approach to obtain desirable properties. By using the first-principles calculation, we explore the vdW heterojunction based on the Janus structure of the 1T-PtTe2 for the potential application in the excitonic solar cell. The SePtTe/InS vdW heterojunction is found to be an appropriate material with direct bandgap, high carrier mobility, high optical absorption, and staggered type-II band alignment. The donor bandgap is 1.08 eV in the Heyd–Scuseria–Ernzerhof (HSE) level. The optoelectronic properties are effectively modulated by both external electric field and vertical strain because inducing the redistribution of charge density in the interlayer. Within the HSE hybrid density functional, the donor bandgap can be tunable up to 1.38 eV. The high power conversion efficiency is tunable to 24.91%, while the flux of absorbed photons keeps beyond 4.41 mA/cm2. Our results indicate the potential application of the SePtTe/InS heterojunction in solar cell utilization.
On the structure of time-delay embedding in linear models of non-linear dynamical systems
Authors: Pan Shaowu , Duraisamy Karthik
Published: July 2020

This work addresses fundamental issues related to the structure and conditioning of linear time-delayed models of non-linear dynamics on an attractor. While this approach has been well-studied in the asymptotic sense (e.g., for an infinite number of delays), the non-asymptotic setting is not well-understood. First, we show that the minimal time-delays required for perfect signal recovery are solely determined by the sparsity in the Fourier spectrum for scalar systems. For the vector case, we provide a rank test and a geometric interpretation for the necessary and sufficient conditions for the existence of an accurate linear time delayed model. Furthermore, we prove that the output controllability index of a linear system induced by the Fourier spectrum serves as a tight upper bound on the minimal number of time delays required. An explicit expression for the exact linear model in the spectral domain is also provided. From a numerical perspective, the effect of the sampling rate and the number of time delays on numerical conditioning is examined. An upper bound on the condition number is derived, with the implication that conditioning can be improved with additional time delays and/or decreasing sampling rates. Moreover, it is explicitly shown that the underlying dynamics can be accurately recovered using only a partial period of the attractor. Our analysis is first validated in simple periodic and quasiperiodic systems, and sensitivity to noise is also investigated. Finally, issues and practical strategies of choosing time delays in large-scale chaotic systems are discussed and demonstrated on 3D turbulent Rayleigh–Bénard convection.
Mitigation of aerodynamic sound for a laminar flow past a square cylinder using a pair of cowl plates
Authors: Mahato Bikash , Ganta Naveen , Bhumkar Yogesh G.
Published: July 2020

A new arrangement of splitter plates has been proposed for the mitigation of aeroacoustic noise generated by the two-dimensional laminar flow over a square cylinder at the Reynolds number Re = 100 and the Mach number M = 0.2. The proposed arrangement involves a pair of cowl plates (arc-shaped splitter plates) symmetrically positioned on either side of the wake center-line near the rear corners of the square cylinder. Direct numerical simulations have been carried out to analyze the nature of flow and flow induced sound fields. Unsteady, two-dimensional, compressible fluid flow equations are solved using high-resolution, space–time accurate, dispersion relation preserving schemes. Simulations have been performed for various radial locations of the cowl plates. It is observed that the maximum reduction in sound pressure level of around 24 dB is possible using the proposed cylinder and cowl plate arrangement. Based on the observed directivity patterns, we have classified the sound fields into three different regions.
Assembled medium: A route to the generation of vortex waves carrying orbital angular momentum with different modes
Authors: Yi Jianjia , Liu Chenchen , Shi Zhe , Zhu Lina , Chen Xiaoming , Werner Douglas H. , Nawaz Burokur Shah
Published: July 2020

In this letter, a method for the generation of multimodal vortex waves carrying orbital angular momentum (OAM) is proposed based on the transformation optics concept. The device is equally divided into eight sectors assigned by transformed material parameters, which are determined by solving Laplace’s equation. Sectors with different phase variations from 0 to 2π can be judiciously shuffled to generate vortex beams with different modes. Full wave numerical simulations are performed to validate multimodal OAM beam generation functionality and broadband performance of the proposed device. Such an implementation method opens the door to the application of vortex waves carrying OAM in communication systems.
Defect passivation of grain surface toward perovskite solar cells with a high open-circuit voltage exceeding 1.16 V
Authors: Wang Nana , Zhang Yifeng , Zeng Peng , Hu Yuchao , Li Faming , Liu Mingzhen
Published: July 2020

Organic–inorganic lead halide perovskites have attracted great interest as low-cost and high efficiency solar cells. However, the excessive surface defects of perovskite crystal grains are still a crucial factor that limits further improvement in the performance of corresponding devices. Here, we introduce potassium chloride (KCl) into the precursor of a triple A-cation mixed-halide perovskite to passivate the surface defects and provide an insight into the underlying passivation mechanism of this common salt. We reveal that KCl exists on the surface of perovskite grains, suppressing the grain surface defects and modulating the energy level alignment of the perovskite solar cell (PSC). KCl added PSCs achieved a high open circuit voltage of 1.162 V compared with that of a control device (1.087 V), due to suppressed non-radiative recombination losses. Our work investigates the synergetic effect of K+ and Cl− on the enhancement of the device performance and provides an effective strategy of defect passivation toward highly efficient perovskite solar cells.
Comparing refractive index and density changes with decreasing film thickness in thin supported films across different polymers
Authors: Han Yixuan , Huang Xinru , Rohrbach Alan C. W. , Roth Connie B.
Published: July 2020

Density changes in thin polymer films have long been considered as a possible explanation for shifts in the thickness-dependent glass transition temperature Tg(h) in such nanoconfined systems, given that the glass transition is fundamentally associated with packing frustration during material densification on cooling. We use ellipsometry to compare the temperature-dependent refractive index with decreasing thickness n(h) for supported films of poly(2-vinyl pyridine) (P2VP), poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA), and polystyrene (PS), as these polymers have different silica substrate interactions. We observe similar n(h) trends for all three polymers, with near equivalence of P2VP and PS, characterized by a large apparent increase in refractive index for h ≤ 40 nm–65 nm depending on the polymer. Possible sources of molecular dipole orientation within the film are tested by varying molecular weight, polydispersity, chain conformation, and substrate chemistry. Such film inhomogeneities associated with non-uniform polarizability would invalidate the use of homogeneous layer approximations inherent in most thin film analysis methods, which we believe likely explains recent reports of large unphysical increases in film density with decreasing thickness by a variety of different experimental techniques.
Thermodynamic analysis and material design to enhance chemo-mechanical coupling in hydrogels for energy harvesting from salinity gradients
Authors: Zhang Sui , Lin Shaoting , Zhao Xuanhe , Karnik Rohit
Published: July 2020

Coupling between solution salinity and the mechanics of charged hydrogels presents an opportunity to harvest osmotic energy in a clean and sustainable way. By applying mechanical pressure to retard the swelling or deswelling of hydrogels in saline solutions, the free energy of mixing is converted into mechanical work. This study developed a theoretical framework and experimentally investigated the potential of hydrogels for energy production from salinity gradients. Mathematical modeling revealed the effect of parameters including the charge and elastic modulus of hydrogels, applied pressure, and the solution salinity on energy conversion using different thermodynamic cycles. With proper material design and process control, the thermodynamic efficiency of an ideal process was predicted to exceed 5% with 10 mM and 600 mM NaCl solutions. Experiments with poly (styrene sulfonate) hydrogels verified the theoretically predicted trends and demonstrated more than 10% thermodynamic efficiency for moderate-salinity sources, due to the unique swelling-strengthened mechanical properties of the gels. The study suggests the potential of polyelectrolyte hydrogels in the extraction of energy from low- to moderate-salinity sources and provides a framework for their design.
Dielectric spectra broadening as a signature for dipole–matrix interactions. V. Water in protein solutions
Authors: Latypova Larisa , Puzenko Alexander , Levy Evgeniya , Feldman Yuri
Published: July 2020

In this paper, the fifth of our series focused on the dielectric spectrum symmetrical broadening of water, we consider the solutions of methemoglobin (MetHb) in pure water and in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS). The universal character of the Cole–Cole dielectric response, which reflects the interaction of water dipoles with solute molecules, was described in Paper I [E. Levy et al., J. Chem. Phys. 136, 114502 (2012)]. It enables the interpretation of the dielectric data of MetHb solutions in a unified manner using the previously developed 3D trajectory method driven by the protein concentration. It was shown that protein hydration is determined by the interaction of water dipoles with the charges and dipoles located on the rough surfaces of the protein macromolecules. In the case of the buffered solution, the transition from a dipole-charged to a dipole–dipole interaction with the protein concentration is observed {see Paper III [A. Puzenko et al., J. Chem. Phys. 137, 194502 (2012)]}. A new approach is proposed for evaluating the amount of hydration water molecules bounded to the macromolecule that takes into account the number of positive and negative charges on the protein’s surface. In the case of the MetHb solution in PBS, the hydration of the solvent ions and their interaction with charges on the protein’s surface are also taken into consideration. The difference in hydration between the two solutions of MetHb is discussed.
Provision of a consistent national approach to radiation therapy workforce protection measures in Australia during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Ku Min , Morgan Tanya , Malbon Alan , Bartram Timothy , Cavanagh Jillian , Halvorsen Beni
Published: July 2020

Healthcare workers are at the frontline managing COVID-19 patients with transmission of the COVID-19 virus to healthcare workers evident in many Australian states. Minimisation of this spread is vital to protecting the healthcare workforce with individual organisations detailing best practice for infection and control. However, interpretation and implementation of infection control guidelines is varied across Australian Radiation Therapy Departments, highlighting inconsistencies. Strong leadership, quality communication and clear direction is required during this crisis to ensure that radiation therapists receive all necessary support and resources required to maintain safety and well-being during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Factors associated with HIV and syphilis infection among female sex workers in three cities in Papua New Guinea: findings from Kauntim mi tu, a biobehavioral survey
Authors: Kelly-Hanku Angela , Weikum Damian , Badman Steven G. , Willie Barne , Boli-Neo Ruthy , Kupul Martha , Hou Parker , Gabuzzi Josephine , Ase Sophie , Amos Angeline , Narokobi Rebecca , Aeno Herick , Pekon Simon , Coy Kelsey , Wapling Johanna , Gare Janet , Dala Nick , Kaldor John M. , Vallely Andrew J. , Hakim Avi J. , on behalf of the Kauntim mi tu Study Team
Published: July 2020

Background
In this paper, factors associated with HIV and syphilis infection in three cities in Papua New Guinea are explored. Methods: Respondent-driven sampling surveys among FSW in Port Moresby, Lae, and Mt. Hagen (2016–17) were conducted. FSW who were aged ≥12 years, who were born female, who spoke English or Tok Pisin and who had sold or exchanged vaginal sex in the past 6 months were eligible to participate. Participants were interviewed face-to-face and offered rapid HIV and syphilis testing. Survey logistic procedures were used to identify factors associated with HIV and syphilis infection, including modern contraception use, physical violence and having a casual male partner. Weighted data analysis was conducted. Results: Overall, 2901 FSW (Port Moresby, 673; Lae, 709; and Mt. Hagen, 709) were enrolled in the study. HIV prevalence was 15.2% in Port Moresby, 11.9% in Lae and 19.6% in Mt. Hagen. Factors associated with HIV varied by city; for example, use of modern contraception in Port Moresby, experiences of physical violence in Lae and ever having tested for HIV in Mt. Hagen. No one variable was associated with HIV in all cities. Prevalence of syphilis infection was 7.1%, 7.0%, and 3.0% in Port Moresby, Lae, and Mt. Hagen, respectively. Factors associated with syphilis infection also varied by city and were only significant in Lae. Conclusion: The different factors associated with HIV and syphilis infection in each city highlight the complex HIV and syphilis epidemics among FSW and the importance of conducting surveys in multiple locations and developing local interventions.
Uncertainty analysis and reliability estimation of clamp band joints
Authors: Davar Ali , Azarafza Reza , Mousavi Seyed Sadredin
Published: July 2020

In this paper, a mathematical model is developed to estimate specifications of a clamp band joint by taking into account full effects of the uncertainty of the joint parameters with a reasonable amount of computational cost. In the model, the clamp band joint is partitioned into sectors which are substituted with equivalent springs. The mathematical formulation of the stiffness and load bearing capacity of the joint is derived under combination of the loads. Nonlinear finite-element analysis is conducted to verify the proposed formulation, where all parameters have their nominal value. Finally, a procedure is introduced, in which one can specify the uncertainty of the joint parameters and the safety factor to obtain a desired reliability level from a table.
Taming the snake in paradise: combining institutional design and leadership to enhance collaborative innovation
Authors: Torfing Jacob , Cristofoli Daniela , Gloor Peter A , Meijer Albert J , Trivellato Benedetta
Published: July 2020

The growing expectations to public services and the pervasiveness of wicked problems in times characterized by growing fiscal constraints call for the enhancement of public innovation, and new research suggests that multi-actor collaboration in networks and partnerships is superior to hierarchical and market-based strategies when it comes to spurring such innovation. Collaborative innovation seems ideal as it builds on diversity to generate innovative public value outcomes, but there is a catch since diversity may clash with the need for constructing a common ground that allows participating actors to agree on a joint and innovative solution. The challenge for collaborative innovation – taming the snake in paradise – is to nurture the diversity of views, ideas and forms of knowledge while still establishing a common ground for joint learning. While we know a great deal about the dynamics of the mutually supportive processes of collaboration, learning and innovation, we have yet to understand the role of institutional design and leadership in spurring collaborative innovation and dealing with this tension. Building on extant research, the article draws suitable cases from the Collaborative Governance Data Bank and uses Qualitative Comparative Analysis to explore how multiple constellations of institutional design and leadership spur collaborative innovation. The main finding is that, even though certain institutional design features reduce the need for certain leadership roles, the exercise of hands-on leadership is more important for securing collaborative innovation outcomes than hands-off institutional design.
Detecting quantum attacks: a machine learning based defense strategy for practical continuous-variable quantum key distribution
Authors: Mao Yiyu , Huang Wenti , Zhong Hai , Wang Yijun , Qin Hao , Guo Ying , Huang Duan
Published: July 2020

The practical security of a continuous-variable quantum key distribution (CVQKD) system is compromised by various attack strategies. The existing countermeasures against these attacks are to exploit different real-time monitoring modules to prevent different types of attacks, which significantly depend on the accuracy of the estimated excess noise and lack a universal defense method. In this paper, we propose a defense strategy for CVQKD systems to address these disadvantages and resist most of the known attack types. We investigate several features of the pulses that would be affected by different types of attacks, derive a feature vector based on these features as the input of an artificial neural network (ANN) model, and show the training and testing process of the ANN model for attack detection and classification. Simulation results show that the proposed scheme can effectively detect most of the known attacks at the cost of reducing a small part of secret keys and transmission distance. It establishes a universal attack detection model by simply monitoring several features of the pulses without knowing the exact type of attack in advance.
Aerodynamic performance of flexible flapping wings deformed by slack angle
Authors: Addo-Akoto Reynolds , Han Jong-Seob , Han Jae-Hung
Published: July 2020

Wing flexibility is unavoidable for flapping wing flyers to ensure a lightweight body and for higher payload allowances on board. It also effectively minimizes the inertia force from high-frequency wingbeat motion. However, related studies that attempt to clarify the essence of wing flexibility remain insufficient. Here, a parametric study of a flexible wing was conducted as part of the effort to build an aerodynamic model and analyze its aerodynamic performance. The quasi-steady modeling was adopted with experimentally determined translational forces. These forces were determined from 84 flexible wing cases while varying the angle of attack at the wing root α
r and the flexibility parameter, slack angle θ
S, with 19 additional rigid wing cases. This study found α
r for optimum lift generation to exceed 45° irrespective of θ
S. The coefficient curves were well-fitted with a cubed-sine function. The model was rigorously validated with various wing kinematics, giving a good estimation of the experimental results. The estimated error was less than 5%, 6%, and 8% for the lift, drag, and moment, respectively, considering fast to moderate wing kinematics. The study was extended to analyze the pure aerodynamic performance of the flexible wing. The most suitable wing for a flapping-wing micro-aerial vehicle wing design with a simple vein structure was found to be the 5° slack-angled wing. The inference from this study further shows that a small amount of deformation is needed to increase the lift, as observed in natural flyers. Thus, wing deformation could allow living flyers to undertake less pitching motion in order to reduce the mechanical power and increase the efficiency of their wings.
Positive deviance of Tanjung Puting National Park manager: case of Teluk Pulai Village
Authors: Prihatmaja H , Soedomo S , Sunkar A
Published: July 2020

Conflict in the national park can be resolved through the positive deviance of national park manager as shown by case of conflict between the Community of Teluk Pulai Village with the Tanjung Puting National Park (TNTP) and the decreased conflict intensity due to policy implementation of village exclusion from the TNTP areas. The objective is to obtain the facts behind the village exclusion processes.The research is using a qualitative approach with a case study strategy and game theory as a quantitative approach. Data collection is conducted through field observation and non-structural in-depth interviews with the informants which are determined through purposive, snowball, and judgmental methods. The literature review is conducted on the applicable regulations and related research. Data analysis conducted through critical discourse analysis compared to the research problem criterion, there are access, conflict, and positive deviance.The result shows facts lying the conflict situation between the Teluk Pulai Village and the TNTP, also the village exclusion from the TNTP areas in which influenced by the role of TNTP’s manager by using the discourse in which deviant positively. Using the discourse, the TNTP’s manager is utilizing the political process of Spatial Planning of Central Kalimantan Province, up to the issuance of Kepmenhut 529/2012. The discourse is deviant since the general practice of national park’s manager are asserting the paradigm of conservation development pointing out the aspects of protection/preservation and conservation. It is called as positive since it is successfully eliminating the conflict between Teluk Pulai Village and TNTP.
Adaptive Thermal Comfort of Elementary School Student (A Case study of the West Coastal Area of South Sulawesi)
Authors: Mulyadi R , Hamzah B , Ishak M T , Taufik Y R F
Published: July 2020

This research aims to study the adaptive thermal comfort in elementary school buildings in the west coastal area of South Sulawesi. It was conducted by field survey method to obtain personal data (clothing and metabolic rate) and environmental parameters such as air temperature and humidity, mean radiant temperature (MRT) and the airflow. During the measurements of environmental parameters, the students filled out questionnaires to find out their perceived comfort level by the Thermal Sensation Vote (TSV) and Thermal Comfort Vote (TCV). In addition, respondents are also asked to give an opinion on their desired thermal preference. The results of the environmental parameters measurements were used as references to calculate the Predicted Mean Vote (PMV), Operative Temperature (Top) and Predicted Percentage of Dissatisfied (PPD). The results show that the condition of the elementary school classrooms along the west coast of South Sulawesi are generally in high temperatures. However, most respondents still feel comfortable and able to adapt to these conditions.
Relationship between Regional Development Level and Accessibility Index in Makassar Coastal Area
Authors: Akil A , Yudono A , Wahyuni S , Ramadhani R , Kamaruddin I
Published: July 2020

Makassar population growth is also quite large, accompanied by the development of urban activities. The development was followed by city facilities and road. The connection between central and periphery area is a demand for community activities in an efficient, safe and comfortable manner. However, in general, the area has low-level accessibility, although the distance is relatively close. The study aims to examine the relationship between regional development level and accessibility level in Makassar coastal area. The accessibility index is analysed using the alpha index (α), while regional development level using LQ-analysis which focuses on residential, education, health, worship, and commercial. Furthermore the relationship between accessibility index and regional development using correlation analysis. The study results showed that the highest accessibility index was located in the city centre and the lowest in the urban periphery. It was also found that urban facilities tend to be higher in city centre than periphery direction. Low accessibility as a result of inequality in road infrastructure has implications for low performance of urban development. It shows that there is a connection between regional development and accessibility level. Therefore, it is recommended to policymakers to build access with high connectivity between the city centre and periphery area while paying attention to the availability of public open space.
Analysis of Sediment Distribution at the Intake Structure
Authors: Bakri B , Pallu S , Lopa R , Maricar F , Sumakin A , Maricar M F , Ridwan
Published: July 2020

As a Maritim country, most of Indonesia’s population lives near the coast or estuary. The main problem felt by the community is sanitation, clean water. The utilization of groundwater is very limited in number because of the influence of seawater intrusion. On the other hand, excess freshwater from upstream is very abundant, especially around the estuary. However, the morphological condition of the river downstream or bay has a significant depth and dimension, so it requires expensive exploitation costs in using the water. One of the solutions that have been done currently to use the water as raw water for clean water is by building free intake around the estuary. Along with river utilization, problems have been found regarding intake capacity and sediment entering the intake beyond the expectation. As a result, it gives an excessive burden on the water treatment plant. This research is an experimental study conducted in the laboratory that aims to determine the distribution of sediment in free intake building. The aims of the research end up to get the most effective intake placement elevation in terms of the capacity and the amount of sediment entering the intake. As a result of this study, it can cope with the high sedimentation rates in the free intake building. The results showed that the minimum discharge to 0.5 lt/second in the intake high (h1) was 0.04 gr, while in the intake high (h3) was 0.01 gr. For the maximum discharge to 0.7 l/sec in the intake (h1) was 1.7 gr while in the intake high (h3) was 0.02 gr. The amount of sediment that comes out through the intake will be directly proportional to the fluid flow in the channel with the same slope and elevation. However, the amount of sediment that comes out through the intake will inversely proportional to the intake elevation, discharge, and the same slope.
Prototype of Electrical Generator Device from Piezoelectric with Serial Configuration - Based on Mechanical Pressure
Authors: Yusran  , Madia A A , Zainuddin Z
Published: July 2020

This study discussed about of prototype of electrical generator device from piezoelectric with serial configuration - based on mechanical pressure. A prototype of a piezoelectric-based power plant that is able to convert mechanical energy (footing) or object load on piezoelectric into electrical energy was the aim of this research. The piezolectric generation system can be applied to serve limited loads and can be a support system for a distributed generation system. The method of research was device design and experimental testing. The experimental testing was carried out by varying pressures on piezoelectric to produce the desired output voltage. In testing, the pressure was generated by two different objects, a human footing and a object load with varying weight. The average voltage produced on human footing was 9.736 V for 60 kg body weight. The average voltage produced on object loads was 1.33 V for 5 kg object weight. This research has succeeded in making a prototype of a power plant using piezoelectric.
Potential of Heart Disease Detection Based on Iridology
Authors: Yohannes C , Nurtanio I , Halim K C
Published: July 2020

Every year the number of deaths caused by heart disease continues to increase. This is mostly caused by misdiagnosis or misinterpretation of the heart disease symptoms. Therefore, people need to be aware of this disease by maintaining a healthy lifestyle and conducting regular checks on the potential for heart disease. This early examination can be done using the iridology method, namely by analyzing the iris of the eye. This paper presents the implementation of computer vision and machine learning of iridology to detect the potential for heart disease. This system uses Canny edge detection and Principal Component Analysis (PCA) to extract features in the iris region of the eye, and Backpropagation Algorithm of Artificial Neural Networks to create the predictive model. There are 110 data used in this system, consisting of 55 eye images from subjects suffering from heart disease and 55 images of normal subjects. The data is divided into 88 data for training and 22 data for testing. The proposed system produced accuracy up to 95.45% for the test data using the sigma 0.3 for canny edge detection, 50 principal components, 50 hidden neurons, and 0.01 for the error limits.
Implementation of Clustering and Similarity Analysis for Detecting Content Similarity in Student Final Projects
Authors: Ilham A A , Bustamin A , Aswad I , Armin F
Published: July 2020

To finish study, students are requested to submit final projects. In some universities, the final projects are not necessary to be submitted for publication. The final project reports are stored in a local database. As the number of final projects is growing in the local database, similar contents may exist among the documents. The commercial tools cannot be used to detect the content similarity since the documents are not published. This paper proposed a system to detect content similarity in documents that are stored in a local database. Considering the number of stored documents, this similar content detection system implements two step processes. First, clustering documents to find most related documents. Second, finding content similarity among the selected documents. The experiment results show that the system is successfully clustering documents and detecting content similarity by implementing TF-IDF and Cosine Similarity algorithms. This system is limited to proceed documents that are written in Bahasa.
Performance of Routing Protocol OLSR and BATMAN in Multi-hop and Mesh Ad Hoc Network on Raspberry Pi
Authors: Wardi  , Dewiani  , Baharuddin M , Panggalo S , Gufran M F B
Published: July 2020

Ad hoc network is a network where each node can act as a terminal and also as a router. Ad hoc technology does not require infrastructure that controls communication systems centrally. Therefore, each node on the ad hoc network can manage itself. This study aims to design nodes that can be used for communication on wireless ad hoc networks then compare the networks performance on OLSR and BATMAN routing protocols. There are four performance parameters used, namely Throughput, Round Trip Delay (RTD), Packet Delivery Ratio (PDR), and Convergence Time. The topology used includes P2P communication and multi-hop communication. Network performance testing is done both for P2P and multi-hop communication on MESH networks. Convergence Time Testing is done only for multi-hop communication to find out the time needed by the protocol to repair the path when a path fail occurs. The test results show that OLSR gives a better average value of throughput compared to BATMAN. Whereas RTD shows that the BATMAN routing protocol is better compared to OLSR. Both protocols, OLSR and BATMAN, successfully received all data packets sent by the source node on P2P communications. Failure to send data packets occurs in multi-hop communication as indicated by a PDR value of 98% for the OLSR protocol and 95% for the BATMAN protocol.
Determination of Geochemical Correlation of Cu, Pb, Zn in Stream Sediment Samples in Barru Area, South Sulawesi
Authors: Tonggiroh A , Kaharuddin  , Irfan U R , Akbar A
Published: July 2020

The Barru area is known as the rock basement location in Sulawesi Island. The disclosure of ultramafic rock, metamorphic rock, and various sedimentary rock formations in the field and outcrops of unmapping intrusive rocks on a regional scale are certainly very interesting to be used as a media experiment in statistical methods in exploration of mineral resources. This is quite reasonable because among these rock formations are revealed intrusion of dacite and diorite rocks which are alterated and deposited as sulfides. The research gradually combines the pearson hybrid correlation geochemical stream sediment data and intrusive rocks on the relationship between SiO2, TiO2, Al2O3, Fe2O3, MnO, MgO, CaO, Na2O, K2O, P2O5, and Cr2O3 variables which are illustrated by multidimensional spatial correspondence analysis and anomalous sources based on Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Zn, As, Mo, Co, Sb, Cd, and Pb variables. The results showed that the application of the hybrid statistical analysis method was effective enough to identify elemental variables in identifying sulfide deposits and the characteristics of anomalies were quite different from diorite and dacite due to magmatic hydrothermal and tectonic activity.
Extraction of Nickel and Cobalt from Sulawesi Limonite Ore in Nitric Acid Solution at Atmospheric Pressure
Authors: Sufriadin  , Widodo S , Nur I , Ilyas A , Ashari M Y
Published: July 2020

Characterization and leaching study of a limonitic laterite ore from Sulawesi has been undertaken in order to find out mineralogical nature and Ni and Co concentration along with dissolution behavior during leaching process in nitric acid. Extraction rates of Ni and Co in different acid concentration and reaction time were also assessed. Mineralogical identification was conducted using optical microscopy and X-ray diffraction (XRD) techniques; whereas Ni and Co content was determined by means of atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS). Results of analyses show that minerals found in lateritic nickel ore studied were dominated by goethite with less quartz, talc, and trace spinel. Goethite was found to be high dissolution rate in nitric acid whereas quartz, talc and spinel were not dissolved during the leaching process. The highest extraction rates of Ni and Co with different acid concentrations at 1 hour leaching time were 13.22% and 24.17% respectively; whereas the maximum Ni and Co extraction rates under 2 molar nitric acid with different leaching times were obtained at 90 minutes with recovery of 24.17% and 56.53% respectively.
Fatigue Strength Improvement of Low Carbon Steel through Carburizing Process with Coconut Shell Charcoal
Authors: Syahid M , Hayat A , Arief S , Rudi
Published: July 2020

The fatigue strength of low carbon steel is a limitation that is often considered in machine construction, especially in rotating component parts. Low carbon steel has special properties that are soft, good welding and good machining, as well as relatively inexpensive prices but have low fatigue strength. For this reason, in this study, a carburizing process was carried out with the media of coconut shell charcoal as a source of carbon and shell powder as a catalyst. The addition of carbon using the carburizing method is relatively easy and does not require a large cost because the materials used are abundant in nature. The carburization process was carried out at 950°C for 4 hours. Furthermore, mechanical properties were tested with hardness, tensile testing and fatigue testing. The carburization process with charcoal media is expected to increase hardness, tensile strength and fatigue strength. Fatigue testing is carried out by the reverse bending method with a load varying 70%, 60%, 50% and 45% of the tensile strength of the material. In addition, microstructure examination and fault surface observation are also carried out to analyze the phenomenon of changes in material structure due to carburization. The hardness value of ST37 steel before carburizing ie 118 HRB increased to 127 HRB after undergoing carburizing treatment. Tensile test results also experienced an increase in which the initial tensile strength value of ST37 steel by 356.66 MPa increased to 541.15 MPa after the carburizing process. Likewise in fatigue testing, the fatigue limit has increased significantly, where the ST37 steel fatigue limit before the carburizing pack is at a stress level of 161 MPa. After experiencing the carburizing pack process the ST37 steel fatigue limits are at a voltage level of 232 MPa.
Improvement of Production Scheduling Performance using Simulated Annealing Algorithm
Authors: Mangngenre S , Syamsul N , Asmal S , Marco I P , Syamsul N I , Indah A B R
Published: July 2020

Production scheduling aims to minimize processing time, waiting time, and inventory levels, as well as efficient use of facilities, labor, and also equipment. In producing these products there is usually ineffectiveness in the scheduling process, such as sorting jobs that are not optimal so that the production requires a long time to produce products in large quantities. Therefore improving performance in order to increase productivity must be carried out continuously considering tremendously strict competition in the industry and manufacturing sector. This study is aimed to minimize the makespan value by scheduling the job sequence optimally. In this study, simulated Annealing Algorithm is used as one of the algorithms for generic optimization that is then compared to the algorithm used by companies. Based on the data processing, the maximal iteration has been reached with 2 iterations. The last iteration is selected which has the smallest makespan value, namely J2-J4-J3-J1 schedule with makespan value of 18,811.2 minutes. The makespan value obtain by simulated annealing algorithm is considered 9.03% more efficient compared to the companies method.
The Performance of Clay Furnace with Variation in the Diameters of the Briquette Burning Chamber
Authors: Djafar Z , Amaliyah N , Suluh S , Isra M , Piarah W H
Published: July 2020

Biomass fuel is an alternative energy source used in the form of briquettes using clay stoves. Utilization of clay as a briquette stove often results are not satisfactory as is the use of other fuel stoves, this is because the amount of air in the furnace burning chamber has not been determined and focused properly, so the purpose of this study is to determine the thermal efficiency of the furnace at variations in the diameter of the aluminum sleeve in the furnace burning chamber. The method used is to test 5 variations in diameter of the furnace burning chamber (cylinder). The results showed the best thermal efficiency was obtained at 52.87% at 180 mm slab diameter, boiling time at 9 minutes, with a heat loss of only 2.02 kW.
Effect of Different Stern Flap Position and Size as an Energy Saving Device (ESD) for Increasing Fishing Boat Speed
Authors: Klara S , Mahmuddin F , Hariyanto S , Sitepu G , Aman A A
Published: July 2020

One of the most issues on a boat for using energy is resistance. Therefore some energy is needed to be able to overcome the boat resistance. The total resistance depends on the speed of the boat. By reducing the resistance, it will affect the energy usage on the boat. One way to reduce the boat resistance is by installing a stern flap to the stern. Stern flap is a new addition on the stern appendage. Previous studies, the stern flap was able to reduce the resistance. The reduction of resistance occurred on boats can reduce fuel consumption, so it can be one of the innovations in combating the energy crisis. This study used an experimental method that analyzes the position and size of the stern flap, where each position and size of the flap were tested at the same load. From the results and analysis, it shows that the changing position of the stern flap on the surface of the water will increase the boat speed by 4.62% and the changing size of the stern flap size to 85 × 80 cm will increase the speed of the boat by 3.82%.