bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Association of single nucleotide polymorphisms in CACNA 1A/CACNA 1C/CACNA 1H calcium channel genes with diabetic peripheral neuropathy in Chinese population
Authors: Sun Lin , Ma Jun , Mao Qian , Yang Yun-Long , Ma Lin-Lin , Niu Ling , Liu Li-Feng
Published: March 2018

The present study was conducted to explore the correlations between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the calcium channel CACNA 1A, CACNA 1C, and CACNA 1H genes and diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) amongst the Chinese population. In total, 281 patients diagnosed with type 2 diabetes participated in the present study. These patients were divided into the case group, which was subdivided into the DPN (143 cases) and the non-DPN groups (138 cases). Subsequently, 180 healthy individuals that had undergone routine health examinations were also recruited and assigned to the control group. PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) was used to detect the genotype and allele frequencies of CACNA 1A, CACNA 1C, and CACNA 1H genes; logistic regression analysis to investigate the association of gene polymorphisms with DNP. Gene–gene interactions were then detected by generalized multifactor dimensionality reduction (GMDR). The results revealed that CACNA 1A rs2248069 and rsl6030, CACNA 1C rs216008 and rs2239050, and CACNA 1H rs3794619, and rs7191246 SNPs were all associated with DPN, while rs2248069, rsl6030, rs2239050, and rs7191246 polymorphisms were attributed to the susceptibility to DPN. It was also observed that the optimal models were three-, four- and five-dimensional models with a prediction accuracy of 61.05% and the greatest consistency of cross-validation was 10/10. In summary, these findings demonstrated that the SNPs in the CACNA 1A, CACNA 1C, and CACNA 1H genes were involved in the pathophysiology of DPN. In addition, polymorphisms in the CACNA 1A, CACNA 1C, and CACNA 1H genes and their interactions also had effects on DPN.
Implementing Evidence-Based Practice: Selecting Treatment Words to Boost Phonological Learning
Authors: Storkel Holly L.
Published: March 2018

Purpose

Word selection has typically been thought of as an inactive ingredient in phonological treatment, but emerging evidence suggests that word selection is an active ingredient that can impact phonological learning. The goals of this tutorial are to (a) review the emerging single-subject evidence on the influence of word characteristics on phonological learning in clinical treatment, (b) outline hypotheses regarding the mechanism of action of word characteristics, and (c) provide resources to support clinicians incorporating word selection as an active ingredient in their approach to phonological treatment.

Method

Research demonstrating the influence of the word frequency, neighborhood density, age of acquisition, and lexicality of treatment stimuli on phonological learning is summarized. The mechanism of action for each characteristic is hypothesized. Methods from the research studies are used to create a free set of evidence-based treatment materials targeting most of the mid-8 and late-8 consonants.

Results

Clinicians have numerous evidence-based options to consider when selecting stimuli for phonological treatment including (a) high-frequency and high-density words, (b) low-frequency and high-density words, (c) high-frequency and mixed-density words, (d) low-frequency and late-acquired words, and (e) nonwords.

Conclusion

Incorporating word characteristics into phonological treatment may boost phonological learning.

KU ScholarWorks Supplemental Material

http://hdl.handle.net/1808/24768
Thermal emission of WASP-48b in the Ks-band
Authors: Clark B. J. M. , Anderson D. R. , Madhusudhan N. , Hellier C. , Smith A. M. S. , Collier Cameron A.
Published: March 2018

We report a detection of thermal emission from the hot Jupiter WASP-48b in the Ks-band. We used the Wide-field Infra-red Camera on the 3.6-m Canada-France Hawaii Telescope to observe an occultation of the planet by its host star. From the resulting occultation lightcurve we find a planet-to-star contrast ratio in the Ks-band of 0.136 ± 0.014%, in agreement with the value of 0.109 ± 0.027% previously determined. We fit the two Ks-band occultation lightcurves simultaneously with occultation lightcurves in the H-band and the Spitzer 3.6- and 4.5-μm bandpasses, radial velocity data, and transit lightcurves. From this, we revise the system parameters and construct the spectral energy distribution (SED) of the dayside atmosphere. By comparing the SED with atmospheric models, we find that both models with and without a thermal inversion are consistent with the data. We find the planet’s orbit to be consistent with circular (e < 0.072 at 3σ).
Investigation for additional head loss in helically coiled flexible pipe of a mobile fertigation system
Authors: Basareuski Aliaksandr
Published: March 2018

One of the major parameters of a hydraulic machine is its energy intensity, i.e. its power/output ratio. This article presents the results of theoretical studies of the effects of additional head loss of transporting fluid through helically coiled flexible pipe on specific energy consumption of fertigation machinery and pipeline transport. Computational methods have been used to determine that pressure loss will be 15-20% higher on the average than the loss at a straight section, depending on the average radius of coil helix/design pipe diameter ratio. Correlations have been obtained that allow for justification of major mobile fertilizer system parameters based on the need to minimize pressure loss.
Comparison of price tendencies at domestic agro-food market of Ukraine and at global food market
Authors: Bitter Oleksandr , Petryshyn Lyudmyla
Published: March 2018

The article describes price tendencies at the global and domestic agro-food market of Ukraine. It is proved that FAO Food Price Index, prices for food at the domestic market, as well as prices of food products sell by agricultural enterprises coincide. The research presents peculiarities of the tendencies at the markets of certain kinds of products, defines their statistical characteristics and outlines their impact on economic behavior of agricultural enterprises.
Biostimulants and the antiradical activity of soybean seeds
Authors: Kocira Anna
Published: March 2018

In recent years, the interest in the application of biostimulants has increased, which positively affect the growth and development of plants and contribute to an increase in the yield and quality of crops. In Poland, the area of soybean cultivation is constantly increasing and thus the improvement of the quality of its seeds seems to be purposeful. In the available literature, there are few reports regarding the effect of biostimulants on the antiradical activity of plants. Therefore, studies on the influence of biostimulants on soybean seed antiradical activity seem to be justified. The study was carried out in 2014 - 2016 in Perespa, Poland. Annushka soybean seeds were sown in the third decade of April. During the growing season, four biostimulants: Kelpak SL, Terra Sorb Complex, Atonik, and Tytanit, were used in four combinations, using lower or higher concentrations and single or double spraying. After harvesting the plants, the antiradical activity of the seeds was evaluated by ABTS•+ assay. It has been found that the foliar application of biostimulants positively influenced the studied property. The highest antiradical activity of plants was found upon double spraying with lower concentrations of Atonik and Terra Sorb Complex.
Improvement of the photosynthetic activity of Moldavian dragonhead (Dracocephalum moldavicaL.) through foliar application of a nitrophenolate–based biostimulant
Authors: Kocira Sławomir , Sujak Agnieszka , Oniszczuk Tomasz , Szparaga Agnieszka , Szymanek Mariusz , Karakuła-Juchnowicz Hanna , Krawczuk Anna , Kupryaniuk Karol
Published: March 2018

Application of biostimulants instigates many physiological processes that enhance nutrition efficiency, abiotic stress tolerance, and quality traits of crops, regardless of their nutrient content. One of such preparations is Atonik which contains nitrophenol compounds naturally occurring in plant cells. Several studies have confirmed its beneficial effect on the growth, development, and improved metabolic activity of plants. Therefore, it seems advisable to investigate the effect of Atonik preparation on the photosynthetic activity of Moldavian dragonhead (Dracocephalum moldavicaL.). The reported study was carried out in 2014 in Perespa, Poland. Over the growing season, Atonik was foliar-applied at a dose of 0.3 L/ha (0.1%) and 0.6 L/ha (0.2%) by single and double spraying of plants. Chlorophyll content and nitrogen status (N) were estimated by a Chlorophyll Meter SPAD-502 Plus. The foliar application of Atonik was found to improve the efficiency of the photosynthetic apparatus and chlorophyll content in the leaves ofDracocephalum moldavicaplants, but the results were dependent on biostimulant concentration and number of its applications, and on the date of measurement. To conclude, Atonik is an environmental-friendly preparation which has a positive impact on the metabolic processes of plants.
Investigation of the process of separation of hard-to-divide weeds from seed mixtures of perennial grasses
Authors: Kovalyshyn Stepan , Dadak Viktor
Published: March 2018

The work is devoted to the study of seed separation process of perennial grasses on a pneumatic-electric separator. It highlights the main problems of their post-harvest treatment. The influence of the regulated parameters - the magnitude of the supply of seeds to the air-separator, the air flow rate and the electric field strength on the quality from the segregated seed material of the perennial rye-grass were determined by conducting a multifactorial experiment.

The optimal values of the regulated parameters of the pneumatic electric separation are substantiated, in which the content of heavy separating admixture of weeds in the seed mixture of perennial rye-grass is the least. It is proved that the use in the technological line of seed preparation of perennial grasses of the pneumatic electric separator allows to ensure the quality of the seed material of the perennial rye-grass in accordance with the requirements of the existing standards.
The influence of mixing inside the fermentation reactors during the study of biogas efficiency of the substrates in mesophilic technology
Authors: Kozlowski Kamil , Cieslik Marta , Mazurkiewicz Jakub , Smurzynska Anna , Brzoski Michal , Chelkowski Dawid , Jezowska Aleksandra , Neugebauer Maciej , Oniszczuk Tomasz , Kupryaniuk Karol
Published: March 2018

Along with the development of environmental friendly technologies, an increasing interest in generating the electricity and heat from renewable sources has been observed in Poland. Perfect example of such installations are agricultural biogas plants, where methane fermentation produces high-energy gas fuel i.e. biogas. Before investing, it is necessary to perform a detailed studies of the biogas efficiency of the substrates used. The proper run of fermentation process, as well as the high biogas production related to the operation, depend on many factors, including the mixing inside the reactor. The DIN 38 414-S8 standard, commonly used in the tests, assumes the mixing of the whole eudiometric sets, used in accredited laboratory units, which due to their uniform construction may cause problems. The aim of the study was to determine the effect of laboratory mixing in the fermentation reactor on the biogas efficiency of the maize straw. The experiment tests were performed in the Laboratory of Ecotechnologies, in the Poznan, in accordance with the current standard DIN 38 414-S8.The obtained research results confirmed the effect of mixing inside the fermentation reactors on the biogas efficiency of the maize straw.
Selected parameters of maize straw briquettes combustion
Authors: Kraszkiewicz Artur , Niedziółka Ignacy
Published: March 2018

An analysis of the process of burning briquettes made of maize straw was performed. A number of traits have been evaluated, including physical characteristics of the fuel through parameters describing combustion kinetics as well as products and combustion efficiency. The study was conducted in a grate boiler, during which the differentiating factor was the air velocity flowing to the boiler. It was observed that the obtained values of the considered parameters were different, particularly temperature of the flue gas and the amount of CO and SO2 in the flue gas.
The application of various software programs for mapping yields in precision agriculture
Authors: Zagórda Mirosław , Walczykova Maria
Published: March 2018

Yields mapping can be done in GIS programs as well as in specialized software for agriculture. These can be programs designed for preparing informative and application maps and also software designed for integrated management of agricultural production that have a built-in GIS module. In the presented study, representatives of those three groups were taken into consideration – QGIS, Agro-Map, and FarmTMWorks Office (now Trimble Ag Software). The aim of the study was to evaluate the compatibility of the obtained yield maps in terms of basic statistical and geostatistical parameters, such as the average yield, the coefficient of variability, placement on the field zones with different yield ranges, and their percentage share in the area of the field surface. Calculations and visualization of the results were done for winter wheat, winter rape, and corn, cultivated in three-year rotation on one field. All three presented programs allow preparation of raw yield monitoring data so that yield maps produced with identical assumptions of interpolation parameters differ slightly. The difference in the use of these applications is mainly due to the further use of the resulting maps, the time required to learn the program, the task execution time, and the cost of purchase.
A Multistate Model of Reliability of Farming Machinery
Authors: Durczak Karol , Jurek Piotr , Beba Jan , Ekielski Adam , Żelaziński Tomasz
Published: March 2018

The article describes a multistate model of reliability of farming machinery as a deductive stochastic model of the process of changes in the technical conditions observed during operation. These conditions determine the capacity of machinery to fulfil functions, simultaneously keeping safety and maintaining acceptable costs of possible repairs. The theory of semi-Markov processes was used to solve the problem. After detailed analysis of the symptoms of damage to exemplary groups of farming machinery (rotary mowers, rotary harrows and harvesting presses) we obligatorily and arbitrarily proposed an optimal four-state reliability model to describe changes in technical conditions. In contrast to the classic reliability theory, which allows only two states of technical usability (either a machine is fit to function or not), we also allowed intermediate states, because not all types of damage affect the functionality of machinery. This approach increases the probability of technical usability of machinery and rationally delays the moment of premature repair.
Application of FTIR spectroscopy for analysis of the quality of honey
Authors: Kędzierska-Matysek Monika , Matwijczuk Arkadiusz , Florek Mariusz , Barłowska Joanna , Wolanciuk Anna , Matwijczuk Alicja , Chruściel Edyta , Walkowiak Radosław , Karcz Dariusz , Gładyszewska Bożena
Published: March 2018

Every kind of honey is a very precious natural product which is made by Mellifera bees species. The chemical composition of honey depends on its origin or mode of production. Honey consists essentially of different sugars, predominantly fructose and glucose. There are also non – sugar ingredients like proteins and amino acids, as well as some kind of enzymes, such as: invertase, amylase, glucose oxidase, catalase and phosphatase. The fact that honey is one of the oldest medicine known worldwide is remarkable. Scientists all over the world have been trying to improve analytical methods as well as to implement new ones in order to reaffirm the high quality of honey the benefits of which may be distracted or disturbed. There are many methods and popular analytical techniques, including as follows: mass spectroscopy and molecular spectroscopy (especially FTIR spectroscopy). The infrared spectroscopy technique is one of the most common analytical methods which are used to analyse honey nowadays. The main aim of the task was to use ATR-FTIR infrared spectroscopy to compare selected honey samples as well as typical sequences coming out from certain functional groups in the analysed samples.
Modified gelatine structures as packaging material for frozen agricultural products
Authors: Kozłowicz Katarzyna , Kluza Franciszek , Góral Dariusz , Nakonieczny Piotr , Combrzyński Maciej
Published: March 2018

Gelatine gels modified by hydrated paper pulp (PP), ground extruded starch (ES) and hydrogel balls (HGB) were formed so that after the crosslinking process, the plates of suitable thickness could be obtained. Then the material was freeze-dried and the obtained porous gelatine structures as well as styrofoam (XPS) as the reference material were tested for thermal conductivity and bending. The temperature fields were examined during the thawing process of products placed inside the test packagings with modified gelatine structures and polystyrene as well as temperature field profile on outer surface of these packs. The studied materials resemble styrofoam in terms of thermal insulation and exhibited medium thermal conductivity ranging between 0.047 and 0.081 [W·(mK)-1]. The bending strength of the materials under investigation proved higher than that of styrofoam and this fact supports their applicability as an alternative for frozen agricultural products packages.
Effect of composition and processing conditions on selected characteristics of extruded corn instant gruels enriched with fruits addition
Authors: Kręcisz Magdalena , Wójtowicz Agnieszka , Oniszczuk Anna
Published: March 2018

Cranberries and goji berries were used as natural supplements in extruded instant corn gruels. The effects of additive type and level, as well as extrusion-cooking screw speed on selected properties of extrudates were tested. Corn grit was used as the base raw materials and dry and ground goji berries and cranberries were added at 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5%. Extrusion-cooking of blends was performed with a single screw extruder at temperature ranged 125-135°C using various screw speed during processing. Extrudates were ground below 1 mm for instant gruels. Water absorption, water solubility, as well as colour profile were tested. The results showed that the highest water absorption was evaluated for instant gruels consist the highest amount of goji berries extruded at the highest screw speed during processing, while cranberries addition have no significant effect on water absorption. Increasing amount of dry cranberries and goji berries in the recipe affected on lowering the water solubility of the extrudates. Significant effect of fruits on color coordinates was observed. Increasing amount of dry berries lowered lightness L* and yellowness of instant gruels, especially when goji berries were used in the recipe. Increasing the screw speed during processing decreased intensity b* values.
Spectroscopic studies of the quality of WCO (Waste Cooking Oil) fatty acid methyl esters
Authors: Matwijczuk Arkadiusz , Zając Grzegorz , Karcz Dariusz , Chruściel Edyta , Matwijczuk Alicja , Kachel-Jakubowska Magdalena , Łapczyńska-Kordon Bogusława , Gagoś Mariusz
Published: March 2018

Different kinds of biodiesel fuels become more and more attractive form of fuel due to their unique characteristics such as: biodegradability, replenishability, and what is more a very low level of toxicity in terms of using them as a fuel. The test on the quality of diesel fuel is becoming a very important issue mainly due to the fact that its high quality may play an important role in the process of commercialization and admitting it on the market. The most popular techniques among the wellknown are: molecular spectroscopy and molecular chromatography (especially the spectroscopy of the electron absorption and primarily the infrared spectroscopy (FTIR)).The issue presents a part of the results obtained with the use of spectroscopy of the electron absorption and in majority infrared spectroscopy FTIR selected for testing samples of the acid fats WCO (Waste Cooking Oil) types. The samples were obtained using laboratory methods from sunflower oil and additionally from waste animal fats delivered from slaughterhouses. Acid methyl esters were selected as references to present the samples. In order to facilitate the spectroscopic analysis, free glycerol, methanol, esters and methyl linolenic acid were measured
Sugar beets grown in the strip-tillage system at different soil cultivation depths
Authors: Mioduszewska Natalia , Adamski Mariusz , Osuch Ewa , Osuch Andrzej
Published: March 2018

Modifications in soil cultivation affect the quality and quantity of the yield of sugar beets. The crop density, yield and the external quality of sugar beet roots are highly dependent on the preparation of soil. The intensity and precision of fragmentation of the superficial soil layer and the adequate depth of plantation must enable normal development of sugar beets. The aim of the study was to determine the dependence between the depth of soil cultivation in the strip-tillage system used for sugar beet production and the state of the plantation after the emergence of crops as well as the yield quality and quantity. The research encompassed investigations of different depths of strip-tillage systems used for sugar beet production. The systems were evaluated according to the dynamics of crops’ emergence, density, yield and external quality of sugar beet roots.
Selected properties of the potato snacks expanded in the microwave radiation
Authors: Mitrus Marcin , Golian Martyna , Combrzyński Maciej , Matysiak Arkadiusz
Published: March 2018

The results of measurements of the selected properties of the extruded potato pellets and snacks expanded in the microwave field are presented in the paper. The potato pellets with the addition of the baking soda were prepared with a single screw extruder TS-45. The snacks were obtained by pellets expansion in a conventional microwave oven. The expansion index and the hardness of the pellets and the snacks, as well as, the texture properties of the snacks were evaluated during this study. The results showed that baking soda addition reduced the potato pellet expansion during their extrusion. This was an effect of a smaller thickness of the obtained pellets. The addition of baking soda had positive influence on potato snacks expansion in microwave radiation. The higher content of the soda additive resulted in lower hardness of pellets during cutting tests. The opposite effect was observed during texture measurements of the snacks. The addition of baking soda increased hardness of the expanded snacks. Soda addition lowers crispness and fragilityof the potato snacks expanded in the microwave radiation.
Construction design of apple sorter
Authors: Nieoczym Aleksander , Caban Jacek , Marczuk Andrzej , Brumerčik Frantiśek
Published: March 2018

When assessing the quality of fruit and packaging process, fruit-producing farms owners decide to evaluate fruit by people or automated sorting lines. The purchase of an automated sorting line generates high costs for the company, but it brings benefits in the form of increased work efficiency, and the better organization of fruit packaging and storage processes. The use of that machinery and equipment is common in agricultural farms as well as in fruit and vegetable processing companies. Despite the widespread use of various types of fruit sorters, the analysis of the operation of the designed device and the study of its technological parameters is still a current research problem. During operation of the devices for sorting fruit there are many technical problems affecting technological processes and quality of fruits. In order to improve the efficiency of sorting fruit, this process should be quickly and accurately. The purpose of this paper is to present the automated apple sorter line construction design, and software for quality controlling fruits. Selected elements of the sorter structure including endurance calculation using the Finite Element Method (FEM) and fruit control system using image analysis were presented.
Drying kinetics of RDF: Experimental investigation and modeling
Authors: Słomka-Polonis Karolina , Kordon-Łapczyńska Bogusława , Frączek Jarosław
Published: March 2018

An experimental study was performed to determine the drying characteristics of an oversized fraction of RDF alternative fuel using a laboratory scale hot air dryer at a variety air temperatures and a constant air velocity. For this research the industrial RDF was derived from a Regional Municipal Waste Treatment Facility near the city of Kraków, Poland. The samples of RDF were prepared in two forms: ovesized (unmodified condition) and shreded in a two-drum crusher. In addition, the RDF was sorted into three groups of samples: paper, plastic, textiles. Each form of RDF and each group of samples were dried in hot air dryer at temperatures of 50, 70 i 90 °C and a constant air velocity of 1,5 [m·s-1]. The loss of the the samples mass were measured in a continues manner until the equilibrum moisture content was reached. The effective moisture diffusivity [m2·s-1] and activation energies [kJ·mol-1] was amounted. The analysis of the course of moisture content change concludes that that the drying of the RDF alternative fuel occured mainly in the II period of the process during which the transport of water content was carried out by diffusion. And, to a lesser extent, with the surface heat transfer in II period. Based on the calculated data there was a model determined which presented the best possible matching of the course of moisture content change.
Spatial database for division of agricultural plots for the group of vegetableproducers
Authors: Szeląg-Sikora Anna , Rorat Joanna
Published: March 2018

Excessive fragmentation of agricultural enterprises is one of the most important barriers preventing the rational use of land in a large part of Poland. In particular, this problem affects the south-eastern regions of the country. Proper spatial distribution of farmland is one of the most important factors enabling economical effectiveness of agricultural enterprises.

The purpose of the study was to create a spatial database which plotted the agricultural plots of a selected group of producers. The spatial database allowed determining the impact of the plots' location on the organization of field transport between the agricultural enterprise’s head office and its plots.

The scope of study was a group of 5 vegetable producerslocated in Goczałkowice-Zdrój, in the commune of Goczałkowice-Zdrój, in the Pszczynapoviat, in the Śląskie Voivodeship.
Influence of extruder screws speed and process temperature on the extrudate shape changes of the maize-spelt blends
Authors: Tomasz Żelaziński , Adam Ekielski , Adam Siwek , Jacek Słoma
Published: March 2018

The objective of the study was examination of changes in the shape factors of extruded products, which occur as a result of different settings of the extrusion process variables. Samples analysed included products created by means of the extrusion process from a mixture of spelt flour and cornmeal, with the share of spelt at 70 to 100%. The samples were made with the use of a co-rotating twin screw extruder. Two speeds of extruder screw rotation (300 and 350 rpm) as well as two levels of temperature (120 and 140°C) were set during the investigation. The samples obtained were photographed in a light box, following which they underwent an image analysis with the use of specialist vision software. Four shape-related factors were determined: area, elongation factor, Heywood circularity factor and compactness factor. It was determined that the product shape changed significantly depending on the share of spelt flour in the mixture. Moreover, it was observed that change in the screw rotation speed within the analysed range may cause material changes in the shape of particular extrudates.
The weighted energy-dissipation principle and evolutionary Γ-convergence for doubly nonlinear problems
Authors: Liero Matthias , Melchionna Stefano
Published: March 2018

We consider a family of doubly nonlinear evolution equations that is given by families of convex dissipation potentials, nonconvex energy functionals, and external forces parametrized by a small parameter ε. For each of these problems, we introduce the so-called weighted energy-dissipation (WED) functional, whose minimizers correspond to solutions of an elliptic-in-time regularization of the target problems with regularization parameter δ. We investigate the relation between the Γ-convergence of the WED functionals and evolutionary Γ-convergence of the associated systems. More precisely, we deal with the limits δ → 0, ε → 0, as well as δ + ε → 0 either in the sense of Γ-convergence of functionals or in the sense of evolutionary Γ-convergence of functional-driven evolution problems, or both. Additionally, we provide some quantitative estimates on the rate of convergence for the limit ε → 0, in the case of quadratic dissipation potentials and uniformly λ-convex energy functionals. Finally, we discuss a homogenization and a dimension reduction problem as examples of application.
Stochastic locality and master-field simulations of very large lattices
Authors: Lüscher Martin
Published: March 2018

In lattice QCD and other field theories with a mass gap, the field variables in distant regions of a physically large lattice are only weakly correlated. Accurate stochastic estimates of the expectation values of local observables may therefore be obtained from a single representative field. Such master-field simulations potentially allow very large lattices to be simulated, but require various conceptual and technical issues to be addressed. In this talk, an introduction to the subject is provided and some encouraging results of master-field simulations of the SU(3) gauge theory are reported.
B decay anomalies at LHCb
Authors: Oyanguren Arantza
Published: March 2018

The LHCb collaboration has provided a plethora of precise measurements of flavour observables in the last years. In the B meson sector some of these results show consistent deviations from Standard Model predictions with a clear tendency to specific New Physics scenarios. B decay anomalies are found in particular related to lepton flavour universality tests and angular observables in Flavour-Changing-Neutral-Current transitions. I review here the LHCb measurements and their experimental caveats. Results from Lattice are crucial in the coming years to verify if these anomalies are explained by QCD effects or if they are unambiguous hints of physics beyond the Standard Model.
Recent progress in applying lattice QCD to kaon physics
Authors: Feng Xu
Published: March 2018

Standard lattice calculations in kaon physics are based on the evaluation of matrix elements of local operators between two single-hadron states or a single-hadron state and the vacuum. Recent progress in lattice QCD has gone beyond these standard observables. I will review the status and prospects of lattice kaon physics with an emphasis on non-leptonic K → ππ decay and long-distance processes including K0-K0 mixing and rare kaon decays.
Multi-hadron-state contamination in nucleon observables from chiral perturbation theory
Authors: Bär Oliver
Published: March 2018

Multi-particle states with additional pions are expected to be a non-negligible source of the excited-state contamination in lattice simulations at the physical point. It is shown that baryon chiral perturbation theory (ChPT) can be employed to calculate the contamination due to two-particle nucleon-pion states in various nucleon observables. Results to leading order are presented for the nucleon axial, tensor and scalar charge and three Mellin moments of parton distribution functions: the average quark momentum fraction, the helicity and the transversity moment. Taking into account experimental and phenomenological results for the charges and moments the impact of the nucleon-pionstates on lattice estimates for these observables can be estimated. The nucleon-pion-state contribution leads to an overestimation of all charges and moments obtained with the plateau method. The overestimation is at the 5-10% level for source-sink separations of about 2 fm. Existing lattice data is not in conflict with the ChPT predictions, but the comparison suggests that significantly larger source-sink separations are needed to compute the charges and moments with few-percent precision.
Nucleon axial coupling from Lattice QCD
Authors: Cheng Chang Chia , Nicholson Amy , Rinaldi Enrico , Berkowitz Evan , Garron Nicolas , Brantley David , Monge-Camacho Henry , Monahan Chris , Bouchard Chris , Clark M.A. , Joó Bálint , Kurth Thorsten , Orginos Kostas , Vranas Pavlos , Walker-Loud André
Published: March 2018

We present state-of-the-art results from a lattice QCD calculation of the nucleon axial coupling, gA, using Möbius Domain-Wall fermions solved on the dynamical Nf = 2 + 1 + 1 HISQ ensembles after they are smeared using the gradient-flow algorithm. Relevant three-point correlation functions are calculated using a method inspired by the Feynman-Hellmann theorem, and demonstrate significant improvement in signal for fixed stochastic samples. The calculation is performed at five pion masses of mπ ~ {400, 350, 310, 220, 130} MeV, three lattice spacings of a ~ {0.15, 0.12, 0.09} fm, and we do a dedicated volume study with mπL ~ {3.22, 4.29, 5.36}. Control over all relevant sources of systematic uncertainty are demonstrated and quantified. We achieve a preliminary value of gA = 1.285(17), with a relative uncertainty of 1.33%.
On axions and the chiral anomaly at finite temperature
Authors: Laine Mikko
Published: March 2018

A brief introduction to a plenary discussion session at the Lattice’17 conference on axions and the chiral anomaly at finite temperature is provided.
Can axial U(1) anomaly disappear at high temperature?
Authors: Fukaya Hidenori
Published: March 2018

In our recent study of two-flavor lattice QCD using chiral fermions, we find strong suppression of axial U(1) anomaly above the critical temperature of chiral phase transition. Our simulation data also indicate suppression of topological susceptibility. In this talk, we present both of our theoretical and numerical evidence for disappearance of axial U(1) anomaly, emphasizing the importance of controlling lattice chiral symmetry violation, which is enhanced at high temperature.
The gluon structure of hadrons and nuclei from lattice QCD
Authors: Shanahan Phiala
Published: March 2018

I discuss recent lattice QCD studies of the gluon structure of hadrons and light nuclei. After very briefly highlighting new determinations of the gluon contributions to the nucleon’s momentum and spin, presented by several collaborations over the last year, I describe first calculations of gluon generalised form factors. The generalised transversity gluon distributions are of particular interest since they are purely gluonic; they do not mix with quark distributions at leading twist. In light nuclei they moreover provide a clean signature of non-nucleonic gluon degrees of freedom, and I present the first evidence for such effects, based on lattice QCD calculations. The planned Electron-Ion Collider, designed to access gluon structure quantities, will have the capability to test this prediction, and measure a range of gluon observables including generalised gluon distributions and transverse momentum dependent gluon distributions, within the next decade.
Resonances from lattice QCD
Authors: Briceño Raúl A.
Published: March 2018

The spectrum of hadron is mainly composed as shortly-lived states (resonance) that decay onto two or more hadrons. These resonances play an important role in a variety of phenomenologically significant processes. In this talk, I give an overview on the present status of a rigorous program for studying of resonances and their properties using lattice QCD. I explain the formalism needed for extracting resonant amplitudes from the finite-volume spectra. From these one can extract the masses and widths of resonances. I present some recent examples that illustrate the power of these ideas. I then explain similar formalism that allows for the determination of resonant electroweak amplitudes from finite-volume matrix elements. I use the recent calculation of the πγ* → ππ amplitude as an example illustrating the power of this formalism. From such amplitudes one can determine transition form factors of resonances. I close by reviewing on-going efforts to generalize these ideas to increasingly complex reactions and I then give a outlook of the field.
Status of Complex Langevin
Authors: Seiler Erhard
Published: March 2018

I review the status of the Complex Langevin method, which was invented to make simulations of models with complex action feasible. I discuss the mathematical justification of the procedure, as well as its limitations and open questions. Various pragmatic measures for dealing with the existing problems are described. Finally I report on the progress in the application of the method to QCD, with the goal of determining the phase diagram of QCD as a function of temperature and baryonic chemical potential.
A complex path around the sign problem
Authors: Bedaque Paulo F.
Published: March 2018

We review recent attempts at dealing with the sign problem in Monte Carlo calculations by deforming the region of integration in the path integral from real to complex fields. We discuss the theoretical foundations, the algorithmic issues and present some results for low dimensional field theories in both imaginary and real time.
Lattice QCD input for nuclear structure and reactions
Authors: Davoudi Zohreh
Published: March 2018

Explorations of the properties of light nuclear systems beyond their lowestlying spectra have begun with Lattice Quantum Chromodynamics. While progress has been made in the past year in pursuing calculations with physical quark masses, studies of the simplest nuclear matrix elements and nuclear reactions at heavier quark masses have been conducted, and several interesting results have been obtained. A community effort has been devoted to investigate the impact of such Quantum Chromodynamics input on the nuclear many-body calculations. Systems involving hyperons and their interactions have been the focus of intense investigations in the field, with new results and deeper insights emerging. While the validity of some of the previous multi-nucleon studies has been questioned during the past year, controversy remains as whether such concerns are relevant to a given result. In an effort to summarize the newest developments in the field, this talk will touch on most of these topics.
Tetraquark candidateZc(3900) from coupled-channel scattering - how to extract hadronic interactions? -
Authors: Ikeda Yoichi
Published: March 2018

We present recent progress of lattice QCD studies on hadronic interactions which play a crucial role to understand the properties of atomic nuclei and hadron resonances. There are two methods, the plateau method (or the direct method) and the HAL QCD method, to study the hadronic interactions. In the plateau method, the determination of a ground state energy from the temporal correlation functions of multi-hadron systems is a key to reliably extract the physical observables. It turns out that, due to the contamination of excited elastic scattering states nearby, one can easily be misled by a fake plateau into extracting the ground state energy. We introduce a consistency check (sanity check) which can rule out obviously false results obtained from a fake plateau, and find that none of the results obtained at the moment for two-baryon systems in the plateau method pass the test. On the other hand, the HAL QCD method is free from the fake-plateau problem. We investigate the systematic uncertainties of the HAL QCD method, which are found to be well controlled.

On the basis of the HAL QCD method, the structure of the tetraquark candidateZc(3900), which was experimentally reported ine+e-collisions, is studied by the s-wave two-meson coupled-channel scattering. The results show that theZc(3900) is not a conventional resonance but a threshold cusp. A semi-phenomenological analysis with the coupled-channel interaction to the experimentally observed decay mode is also presented to confirm the conclusion.
Simulation of an ensemble of Nf = 2 + 1 + 1 twisted mass cloverimproved fermions at physical quark masses
Authors: Finkenrath Jacob , Alexandrou Constantia , Bacchio Simone , Charalambous Panagiotis , Dimopoulos Petros , Frezzotti Roberto , Jansen Karl , Kostrzewa Bartosz , Rossi Giancarlo , Urbach Carsten
Published: March 2018

We present a general strategy aimed at generating Nf = 2+1+1 configurations with quarks at their physical mass using maximally twisted mass fermions to ensure automatic O(a) improvement, in the presence of a clover term tuned to reduce the charged to neutral pion mass difference. The target system, for the moment, is a lattice of size 643 × 128 with a lattice spacing a ~ 0:08 fm. We show preliminary results on the pion and kaon mass and decay constants.
Simulation of lattice statistical models with defects: Critical Casimir Effect
Authors: Mostovoy Sergey , Pavlovsky Oleg
Published: March 2018

The influence of lattice structure defects on phase transition phenomena was studied in framework of 2D spin model. Effective mass of defect was proposed for investigation of conformal properties of the model at critical point. The volume dependence of defect’s mass at critical point and the Critical Casimir interaction of two defects were studied. It was shown that this Casimir interaction is attraction for any value of hopping parameter. The confinement of the defect on the defects line and the process of defects line collapse were studied. Applications in nanophysics and biophysics were discussed.
Equation of state of non-relativistic matter from automated perturbation theory and complex Langevin
Authors: Loheac Andrew C. , Braun Jens , Drut Joaquín E.
Published: March 2018

We calculate the pressure and density of polarized non-relativistic systems of two-component fermions coupled via a contact interaction at finite temperature. For the unpolarized one-dimensional system with an attractive interaction, we perform a thirdorder lattice perturbation theory calculation and assess its convergence by comparing with hybrid Monte Carlo. In that regime, we also demonstrate agreement with real Langevin. For the repulsive unpolarized one-dimensional system, where there is a so-called complex phase problem, we present lattice perturbation theory as well as complex Langevin calculations. For our studies, we employ a Hubbard-Stratonovich transformation to decouple the interaction and automate the application of Wick’s theorem for perturbative calculations, which generates the diagrammatic expansion at any order. We find excellent agreement between the results from our perturbative calculations and stochastic studies in the weakly interacting regime. In addition, we show predictions for the strong coupling regime as well as for the polarized one-dimensional system. Finally, we show a first estimate for the equation of state in three dimensions where we focus on the polarized unitary Fermi gas.
Minimally doubled fermions and spontaneous chiral symmetry breaking
Authors: Osmanaj (Zeqirllari) Rudina , Hyka (Xhako) Dafina
Published: March 2018

Chiral symmetry breaking in massless QCD is a very important feature in the current understanding of low energy physics. Low - lying Dirac modes are suitable to help us understand the spontaneous chiral symmetry breaking, since the formation of a non zero chiral condensate is an effect of their accumulation near zero. The Banks – Casher relation links the spectral density of the Dirac operator to the condensate with an identity that can be read in both directions. In this work we propose a spectral method to achieve a reliable determination of the density of eigenvalues of Dirac operator near zero using the Gauss – Lanczos quadrature. In order to understand better the dynamical chiral symmetry breaking and use the method we propose, we have chosen to work with minimally doubled fermions. These kind of fermions have been proposed as a strictly local discretization of the QCD fermions action, which preserves chiral symmetry at finite cut-off. Being chiral fermions, is easier to work with them and their low - lying Dirac modes and to understand the dynamical spontaneous chiral symmetry breaking.
Chiral condensate and Dirac spectrum of one-and two-flavor QCD at nonzero θ-angle
Authors: Kieburg Mario , Verbaarschot Jacobus , Wettig Tilo
Published: March 2018

In previous work we showed that the chiral condensate of one-flavor QCD exhibits a Silver Blaze phenomenon when the quark mass crosses m = 0: the chiral condensate remains constant while the quark mass crosses the spectrum of the Dirac operator, which is dense on the imaginary axis. This behavior can be explained in terms of exponentially large cancellations between contributions from the zero modes and from the nonzero modes when the quark mass is negative. In these proceedings we show that a similar Silver Blaze phenomenon takes places for QCD with one flavor and arbitrary θ- angle, and for QCD with two flavors with different quark masses m1 and m2. In the latter case the chiral condensate remains constant when m1 crosses zero at fixed m2 > 0 until the Dashen point m1 = –m2 is reached, where the chiral condensate has a discontinuity. In terms of contributions from the Dirac spectrum the shift of the discontinuity from m1 = 0 to m1 = -m2 also arises from exponentially large cancellations between the zero and nonzero modes when m1m2 < 0. All calculations are performed in the microscopic or ε-domain of QCD. Results for arbitrary θ-angle are discussed as well.
Life Outside the Golden Window: Statistical Angles on the Signal-to-Noise Problem
Authors: Wagman Michael
Published: March 2018

Lattice QCD simulations of multi-baryon correlation functions can predict the structure and reactions of nuclei without encountering the baryon chemical potential sign problem. However, they suffer from a signal-to-noise problem where Monte Carlo estimates of observables have quantum fluctuations that are exponentially larger than their average values. Recent lattice QCD results demonstrate that the complex phase of baryon correlations functions relates the baryon signal-to-noise problem to a sign problem and exhibits unexpected statistical behavior resembling a heavy-tailed random walk on the unit circle. Estimators based on differences of correlation function phases evaluated at different Euclidean times are discussed that avoid the usual signal-to-noise problem, instead facing a signal-to-noise problem as the time interval associated with the phase difference is increased, and allow hadronic observables to be determined from arbitrarily large-time correlation functions.