bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mixture prior for sparse signals with dependent covariance structure
Authors: Wang Ling , Liao Zongqiang
Published: April 2023

In this study, we propose an estimation method for normal mean problem that can have unknown sparsity as well as correlations in the signals. Our proposed method first decomposes arbitrary dependent covariance matrix of the observed signals into two parts: common dependence and weakly dependent error terms. By subtracting common dependence, the correlations among the signals are significantly weakened. It is practical for doing this because of the existence of sparsity. Then the sparsity is estimated using an empirical Bayesian method based on the likelihood of the signals with the common dependence removed. Using simulated examples that have moderate to high degrees of sparsity and different dependent structures in the signals, we demonstrate that the performance of our proposed algorithm is favorable compared to the existing method which assumes the signals are independent identically distributed. Furthermore, our approach is applied on the widely used “Hapmap” gene expressions data, and our results are consistent with the findings in other studies.
A Streptococcus pyogenes DegV protein regulates the membrane lipid content and limits the formation of extracellular vesicles
Authors: Lambert Clara , Poullion Thifaine , Zhang Qiufen , Schmitt Alain , Masse Jean-Marc , Gloux Karine , Poyart Claire , Fouet Agnès
Published: April 2023

Membranes contain lipids that are composed of fatty acids (FA) and a polar head. Membrane homeostasis is crucial for optimal bacterial growth and interaction with the environment. Bacteria synthesize their FAs via the FASII pathway. Gram-positive bacteria can incorporate exogenous FAs which need to be phosphorylated to become substrate of the lipid biosynthetic pathway. In many species including staphylococci, streptococci and enterococci, this phosphorylation is carried out by the Fak complex, which is composed of two subunits, FakA and FakB. FakA is the kinase. FakB proteins are members of the DegV family, proteins known to bind FAs. Two or three FakB types have been identified depending on the bacterial species and characterized by their affinity for saturated and/or unsaturated FAs. Some species such as Streptococcus pyogenes, which causes a wide variety of diseases ranging from mild non-invasive to severe invasive infections, possess an uncharacterized additional DegV protein. We identify here this DegV member as a fourth FakB protein, named FakB4. The fakB4 gene is co-regulated with FASII genes suggesting an interaction with endogenous fatty acids. fakB4 deletion has no impact on membrane phospholipid composition nor on the percentage of other major lipids. However, the fakB4 mutant strain produced more lipids and more extracellular membrane vesicles than the wild-type strain. This suggests that FakB4 is involved in endogenous FA binding and controls FA storage or catabolism resulting in a limitation of extracellular FA release via membrane vesicles.
Structured lactation support and human donor milk for German NICUs—Protocol on an intervention design based on a multidimensional status quo and needs assessment (Neo-MILK)
Authors: Scholten Nadine , Fitzgerald Alicia , Matthias Katja , Okumu Mi-Ran , Ohnhäuser Tim , Schmitz Katharina , Schreiner Christine , Schwab Isabella , Stirner Anna , Wullenkord Ricarda , Dresbach Till ,   on behalf of Neo-MILK
Published: April 2023

Introduction

Mother’s own milk is the best nutrition for every newborn and especially for vulnerable infants such as preterm infants with a very low birth weight below 1,500 grams (VLBW). If no MOM is available, human donor milk is the alternative of choice. Mothers of preterm born infants face challenging conditions that impair sufficient milk production. For this reason, it is particularly important to provide structural lactation support and, at the same time, to promote the establishment of human donor milk banks.

Methods and analysis

Via a multidisciplinary approach the Neo-MILK study will develop an intervention for structured breastfeeding and lactation support. This will be based on a comprehensive status quo and needs assessment. In addition, the implementation of human donor milk banks (HDMB) will be supported by the development of standards.

Ethics and dissemination

Intervention development is participatory, involving different disciplines and stakeholders. All surveys are subject to approval by the ethics committee. During the course of the project, the results will be communicated to the scientific community and the general public via publications, the project homepage and social media.

Trial registration number

DRKS00024799 (German Clinical Trials Register).
Four-year-olds selectively transmit true information
Authors: Pueschel Ellyn B. , Ibrahim Ashley , Franklin Taylor , Skinner Samantha , Moll Henrike
Published: April 2023

Two experiments (N = 112) were conducted to examine preschoolers’ concern for the truth when transmitting information. A first experiment (Pilot Experiment) revealed that 4-year-olds, but not 3-year-olds, selectively transmitted information marked as true versus information marked as false. The second experiment (Main Experiment) showed that 4-year-olds selectively transmitted true information regardless of whether their audience lacked knowledge (Missing Knowledge Context) or information (Missing Information Context) about the subject matter. Children selected more true information when choosing between true versus false information (Falsity Condition) and when choosing between true information versus information the truth of which was undetermined (Bullshit Condition). The Main Experiment also revealed that 4-year-olds shared information more spontaneously, i.e., before being prompted, when it was knowledge, rather than information, the audience was seeking. The findings add to the field’s growing understanding of young children as benevolent sharers of knowledge.
Testing three seismic hazard models for Italy via multi-site observations
Authors: Iervolino Iunio , Chioccarelli Eugenio , Cito Pasquale
Published: April 2023

Probabilistic seismic hazard analysis (PSHA) is widely employed worldwide as the rational way to quantify the uncertainty associated to earthquake occurrence and effects. When PSHA is carried out for a whole country, its results are typically expressed in the form of maps of ground motion intensities that all have the same exceedance return period. Classical PSHA relies on data that continuously increase due to instrumental seismic monitoring, and on models that continuously evolve with the knowledge on each of its many aspects. Therefore, it can happen that different, equally legitimate, hazard maps for the same region can show apparently irreconcilable differences, sparking public debate. This situation is currently ongoing in Italy, where the process of governmental enforcement of a new hazard map is delayed. The discussion is complicated by the fact that the events of interest to hazard assessment are intentionally rare at any of the sites the maps refer to, thus impeding empirical validation at any specific site. The presented study, pursuing a regional approach instead, overcoming the issues of site specific PSHA validation, evaluated three different authoritative PSHA studies for Italy. Formal tests were performed directly testing the output of PSHA, that is probabilistic predictions, against the observed ground shaking exceedance frequencies, obtained from about fifty years of continuous monitoring of seismic activities across the country. The bulk of analyses reveals that, apparently alternative hazard maps are, in fact, hardly distinguishable in the light of observations.
Surfing in the streets: How problematic smartphone use, fear of missing out, and antisocial personality traits are linked to driving behavior
Authors: Hudecek Matthias F. C. , Lemster Simon , Fischer Peter , Cecil Julia , Frey Dieter , Gaube Susanne , Lermer Eva
Published: April 2023

Smartphone use while driving (SUWD) is a major cause of accidents and fatal crashes. This serious problem is still too little understood to be solved. Therefore, the current research aimed to contribute to a better understanding of SUWD by examining factors that have received little or no attention in this context: problematic smartphone use (PSU), fear of missing out (FOMO), and Dark Triad. In the first step, we conducted a systematic literature review to map the current state of research on these factors. In the second step, we conducted a cross-sectional study and collected data from 989 German car drivers. A clear majority (61%) admitted to using the smartphone while driving at least occasionally. Further, the results showed that FOMO is positively linked to PSU and that both are positively associated with SUWD. Additionally, we found that Dark Triad traits are relevant predictors of SUWD and other problematic driving behaviors––in particular, psychopathy is associated with committed traffic offenses. Thus, results indicate that PSU, FOMO, and Dark Triad are relevant factors to explain SUWD. We hope to contribute to a more comprehensive understanding of this dangerous phenomenon with these findings.
Proposing novel natural compounds against Alzheimer’s disease targeting acetylcholinesterase
Authors: Girgin Münteha , Isik Sevim , Kantarci-Carsibasi Nigar
Published: April 2023

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder considered as a global public health threat influencing many people. Despite the concerning rise in the affected population, there is still a shortage of potent and safe therapeutic agents. The aim of this research is to discover novel natural source molecules with high therapeutic effects, stability and less toxicity for the treatment of AD, specifically targeting acetylcholinesterase (AChE). This research can be divided into two steps:in silicosearch for molecules by systematic simulations andin vitroexperimental validations. We identified five leading compounds, namely Queuine, Etoperidone, Thiamine, Ademetionine and Tetrahydrofolic acid by screening natural molecule database, conducting molecular docking and druggability evaluations. Stability of the complexes were investigated by Molecular Dynamics simulations and free energy calculations were conducted by Molecular Mechanics Generalized Born Surface Area method. All five complexes were stable within the binding catalytic site (CAS) of AChE, with the exception of Queuine which remains stable on the peripheral site (PAS). On the other hand Etoperidone both interacts with CAS and PAS sites showing dual binding properties. Binding free energy values of Queuine and Etoperidone were -71.9 and -91.0 kcal/mol respectively, being comparable to control molecules Galantamine (-71.3 kcal/mol) and Donepezil (-80.9 kcal/mol). Computational results were validated through in vitro experiments using the SH-SY5Y(neuroblastoma) cell line with Real Time Cell Analysis (RTCA) and cell viability assays. The results showed that the selected doses were effective with half inhibitory concentrations estimated to be: Queuine (IC50 = 70,90 μM), Etoperidone (IC50= 712,80 μM), Thiamine (IC50= 18780,34 μM), Galantamine (IC50= 556,01 μM) and Donepezil (IC50= 222,23 μM), respectively. The promising results for these molecules suggest the development of the next stepin vivoanimal testing and provide hope for natural therapeutic aids in the treatment of AD.
Peripapillary choroidal microvasculature dropout is associated with poor prognosis in optic neuritis
Authors: Lee Jihei Sara , Park Sungeun , Kim Sung Sik , Kim Chan Yun , Choi Wungrak , Lee Sang Yeop , Bae Hyoung Won
Published: April 2023

Purpose

To identify peripapillary choroidal microvasculature dropout (MvD) in eyes with optic neuritis and its association with longitudinal changes in retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) and ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer (GCIP) thicknesses following diagnosis.

Methods

A total of 48 eyes with optic neuritis was evaluated to identify the presence of peripapillary choroidal MvD, defined as a focal capillary loss with no visible microvascular network in choroidal layer, using optical coherence tomography (OCT) angiography (OCTA). Patients were divided based on the presence of MvD. OCT and standard automated perimetry (SAP) conducted at 1, 3 and 6 months follow-up were analyzed.

Results

MvD was identified in 20 of 48 eyes (41.7%) with optic neuritis. MvD was most commonly found in the temporal quadrant (85.0%), and peripapillary retinal vessel density in the temporal quadrant was significantly lower in eyes with MvD (P = 0.012). At 6 months follow-up, optic neuritis eyes with MvD showed significantly thinner GCIP in superior, superotemporal, inferior and inferotemporal sectors (P<0.05). No significant difference was noted in SAP parameters. The presence of MvD was significantly associated with thinner global GCIP thickness at 6 months follow-up (OR 0.909, 95% CI 0.833–0.992, P = 0.032).

Conclusion

Optic neuritis showed peripapillary choroidal microvascular impairment in the form of MvD. MvD was associated with structural deterioration at macular GCIP. Further studies are necessary to identify the causal relationship between microvascular impairment and retinal nerve fiber layer damage in optic neuritis.
Takatāpui/LGBTIQ+ People’s Experiences of Homelessness and Sex Work in Aotearoa New Zealand
Authors: Fraser Brodie , Chisholm Elinor , Pierse Nevil
Published: April 2023

At present, there is limited research on the intersection of sex work, takatāpui/LGBTIQ+ communities, and experiences of homelessness in Aotearoa New Zealand. This paper helps to bridge this gap, exploring how takatāpui/LGBTIQ+ people who had been failed by the welfare state engaged in sex work during periods of homelessness, and expressed agency in difficult circumstances. Specifically, we look at sex and sex work as a means to secure basic needs, and in the context of exploitative relationships; the emotional effects of sex work; and safety and policing. A stronger welfare state is needed to provide sufficient support for people to realise an adequate standard of living and treat them with dignity and respect.
Szempontok az iskolai egészségnevelés történetének értelmezéséhez
Authors: Nóbik Attila
Published: April 2023

A modern társadalmak iskolarendszerei számos nem oktatási feladatot látnak el, köztük az egészségneveléssel és egészségfejlesztéssel kapcsolatosakat is. A tanulmány célja olyan szempontok bemutatása, amelyek szerepet játszottak az iskolai egészségnevelés kialakulásában és meggyökeresedésében. A tanulmányban amellett érvelünk, hogy az iskolai egészségnevelés megjelenése elválaszthatatlan a modern társadalmak kialakulásától, illetve annak néhány alapjelenségétől. Ezért a tanulmány első részében azokat a sajátosságokat mutatjuk be, amelyek a modernizációt jellemzik. A modernizáció részfolyamatai közül témánk szempontjából az emberi test és psziché kontrollja iránt megnövekedett társadalmi, hatalmi igény az egyik legjellemzőbb. A modern társadalmak egyik legfőbb célja a normalitás definiálása és a normális testi és pszichés működés általánossá tétele, az abnormalitás visszaszorítása, társadalmi elkülönítése. Tanulmányunkban áttekintjük ezeknek a folyamatoknak a legfontosabb jellemzőit. A testről és a pszichéről zajló társadalmi diskurzus, amelyet leginkább a higiéniai diskurzus kifejezéssel ír le a szakirodalom, egyre inkább az orvostudományok nyelvén zajlott. Általában véve is elmondható, hogy a társadalmi kérdések orvosi problémaként történő kezelése – a medikalizáció – a modern társadalmak egyik alapjelensége. Tanulmányunk utolsó részében pedig azt a folyamatot mutatjuk be, amelynek során a modern tömegoktatási rendszerek és a pedagógia a társadalmi problémák megoldásának kiemelkedő terepévé vált. A nyugati szakirodalomban pedagogizációnak nevezett jelenség adja annak magyarázatát, hogy a higiéniai diskurzus miért jelent meg iskolai keretek között. Véleményünk szerint az iskolai egészségnevelést olyan diskurzusként értelmezhetjük, amely orvosi nyelvezettel rendelkezik és az iskolában zajlik.
Merre tovább a magyar iskolai egészségfejlesztésben?
Authors: Lippai László , Vitrai József
Published: April 2023

A teljeskörű intézményi egészségfejlesztés a köznevelési intézmények egy évtizede kötelezővé tett feladata. Azonban a közelmúltban olyan fontos nemzetközi szakdokumentumok láttak napvilágot, melyek indokolttá teszik a hazai helyzet átgondolását, és bizonyos mértékű újraértékelését. Az Egészségügyi Világszervezet (WHO) 2021-ben megjelent Tegyünk minden iskolát egészségfejlesztő iskolává című szakanyaga, valamint az EIE Iskolai kézikönyv 2.0 módszertani kiadvány 2020-ban aktualizált verziója alapján tanulmányunkban felvázoljuk a köznevelésben megvalósuló egészségfejlesztés jelenlegi célkitűzéseit, a hatékony egészségfejlesztésre vonatkozó elméleti kereteket és globális standardokat, valamint a gyakorlati megvalósításra vonatkozó szakmai ajánlásokat is. Megítélésünk szerint minél nehezebb anyagi, szakmai és társadalmi helyzetben vannak a köznevelési intézmények, annál szükségesebb, hogy a lehetőségekhez igazodva önerőből is történjenek lépések az adott közösség egészségét veszélyeztető tényezők enyhítésének irányába. Tanulmányunkban, a fenti szakanyagok elemzésével ebben szeretnénk támpontokat nyújtani az egészségfejlesztés iránt érdeklődő pedagógusok, iskolaegészségügyi szakemberek, iskolai vezetők és döntéshozók számára.
Az egészségtan tantárgy megjelenése és szerepe az elemi, a polgári és az általános iskolában (1917–1950)
Authors: Fizel Natasa
Published: April 2023

Tanulmányomban az egészségügyi ismeretek, az egészségtan tantárgy első magyar tantervekben való megjelenését vizsgáltam meg az 1917-ben megjelent első ilyen tartalmú tantervkiegészítéstől az 1946-ban életre hívott általános iskola első tanterveire vonatkozóan.
A családi minta fontossága – szülő és gyermek médiahasználata a COVID-19 idején
Authors: Szabó-Prievara Dóra Katalin , Nádudvari Gabriella Erika
Published: April 2023

Manapság a gyermekek is már médiahasználónak minősülnek, ezt a folyamatot pedig csak tovább gyorsította a COVID–19 világjárvány megjelenése, például az online oktatásra való átállással. Kutatásunk célja a szülői attitűd megvizsgálása volt a gyermekük médiahasználati szokásaira, illetve annak szabályozási elveire vonatkozóan. Különösen arra voltunk kíváncsiak, mennyiben változott a korábbi használat a világjárvány ideje alatt. Összesen 30 fővel készült interjú, melyből 15 szülő (5 fő óvodás, 5 fő általános iskolás és 5 fő serdülőkorú gyermek szülője). Az adatgyűjtésre 2022 tavaszán került sor. A család digitális eszközökkel való felszereltsége, a használat mértéke és a használatra vonatkozó szabályok álltak elsősorban a kérdések fókuszában. Eredményeink alapján megállapítható, hogy a gyermekek életkorának előrehaladtával változik a preferált eszköz. Az óvodások esetén a televíziónézés a fő tevékenység, míg később az okostelefon és a saját számítógép, laptop veszi át a helyét. A médiahasználat intenzitása az életkorral emelkedik, a COVID–19 világjárvány alatt pedig tovább fokozódott a gyermekek médiahasználata; ezzel egyidőben csökken a szülői kontroll és a médiahasználat szabályozása. Holott a szülőktől látott minta (különösen általános iskolás korban) jelentős hatással van a gyermek saját szokásainak kialakítására. A szabályozásnak nemcsak a digitális tartalom mennyiségére, hanem annak minőségére és a fogyasztás körülményeire is ki kellene térnie.
Sustainability aspects in real estate management – basics and opportunities for an indicator-based target and reporting system in real estate companies
Authors: Buchholz Matthias , Lützkendorf Thomas
Published: April 2023

The challenge for real estate companies to assess and communicate sustainability aspects at corporate, portfolio and building level is constantly increasing due to many external and internal influences. Corresponding requirements address the sustainability reporting of the company or the environmental performance of the building stock for example. In order to meet legal requirements and to stay competitive, companies use specialisation techniques. One possibility is provided by indicators which can help to gather, assess and communicate sustainability aspects. This paper investigates the information flows between different decision levels of Real Estate Management (REM) that can be established with the help of indicators. The results reveal the relevance of indicators for a horizontal as well as for a vertical integration of sustainability-related information in REM. Moreover, synergies for the development and interpretation of indicators across decision levels can be identified by taking into account measuring units, reference units and system boundaries. Results from a research that reflects the situation in Germany and considers current developments in the EU will be presented.
Quantifying the impact of external and internal factors and their interactions on thermal load behaviour of a building
Authors: Matschi Christoph , Nemeth Isabell
Published: April 2023

For the energy-efficient design of district heating networks, knowledge about the neighborhood heat load behavior, through heating load profiles in high temporal and spatial resolution, is crucial. Due to the high effort required for transient calculations, a less complex method is needed at the neighborhood level. For this reason, a method is developed, which identifies the relevant parameters influencing the building heating load behavior. Taking these parameters into account, a simple method for heating load profiling is developed using a machine learning algorithm. For this purpose, a parameter study is conducted using dynamic thermal building simulation software. Different parameters influencing the building heating load behavior are varied. To determine the strength of the influence of the individual parameters on the building heating load, to check whether the influence of the parameters is constant or varies over the year and whether parameters are missing here, the results of the parameter study are evaluated statistically. First results show promising results in the detection of the significant parameters, for the creation of a model based on a machine learning algorithm, and the possibility of quantifying their impact on building heating load behaviour.
Decision-support tool for prioritizing retrofitting actions on Social Housing stock in Italy
Authors: Gaspari Jacopo , Antonini Ernesto , Marchi Lia
Published: April 2023

Housing is the main environmental impact generator (62 %) of the whole building sector, but it also has the greatest reduction potential. Enhancing its performance is thus crucial to sustainable development. Social Housing (SH) represents a critical asset within the residential segment, due to the recurrent investment shortage and several environmental, social, and economic related implications. In Italy, SH is held by around one hundred public agencies facing endemic resource constraints for both maintenance and retrofitting, which are limited further by a diffused lack of information regarding the conditions and features of the buildings they manage. In cooperation with an Italian SH agency (ACER Bologna), we developed a speedy tool to compare the technical and economic effects of different refurbishment scenarios on a case-by-case basis. This is not a tool to manage retrofitting works, as the many already available, but a means to help large housing managers overcome the intention-action gap that limit their capacity to properly prioritize interventions based on reliable information. The research focuses on the validation of the fast procedure for estimating the baseline energy scenario, arguing that the relatively small inaccuracies are irrelevant for the scope of the tool and are compensated for by the time saved.
Reliability approaches affecting sustainability of existing steel structures
Authors: Sýkora Miroslav , Nadolski Vitali
Published: April 2023

Steel structures are second most numerous in the stock of existing buildings. In contrast to dominating concrete buildings, they are typically lightweight and are more sensitive to alterations in use or loads. While the sustainability principles require to maintain and keep using these structures, structural assessments often indicate insufficient reliability and need for replacements. The submitted contribution shows that the most important reliability considerations affecting the sustainability of existing steel structures consist of specifying (1) appropriate target reliability level, (2) verification methods, and (3) intervention procedures. The study focuses on the first two aspects. (1) Optimum target reliability can be specified by probabilistic optimisation considering sustainability aspects including structural costs, and expected consequences of replacement and of possible failure. It is shown that lower reliability levels might be considered for the assessment of existing structures than for the design of new structures, with benefits for sustainability in construction.Regarding (2), the most efficient verification methods are based on advanced probabilistic approaches. It is demonstrated that sustainability may be significantly affected by the selection of assessment methods. Advanced reliability approaches commonly reduce assessment requirements by 10–15 %. Sustainability indicators are mostly related to the key aspects (1) and (2). Using the advanced methods may bring a significantly positive contribution to sustainability, particularly when an upgrade of the existing structure is associated with high economic cost and significant environmental impact.
Supporting sustainable policies through an Urban Energy-Environmental Model and a Multi-Criteria Analysis: a case study in an Italian province
Authors: Belussi Lorenzo , Barozzi Benedetta , Bellazzi Alice , Danza Ludovico , Devitofrancesco Anna , Ghellere Matteo , Salamone Francesco
Published: April 2023

Public Authorities (PAs) need to define cross-cutting strategies for urban planning including policies for sustainable and energy-efficient buildings and innovative urban solutions. The article presents a decision support tool that combines an Urban Energy Environmental Model (UEEM) and a Multi-Criteria Analysis (MCA) to support the development of sustainable local policies. The UEEM, developed with a bottom-up approach incorporating energy and environmental items, provides a~representation of the performance of local urban areas and quantifies the impact of new interventions in expansion areas. The UEEM is based on the definition of virtual archetypes built on the characteristics of the area under consideration. 92 building archetypes and 40 urban archetypes are developed. The energy performance of each building archetype is calculated with a dynamic simulation tool. The environmental performance of urban areas (overheating risk and outdoor thermal comfort) is analysed through a Grasshopper-based parametric model. In addition, soil permeability is calculated. The UEEM results are aggregated into a single index using the MCA, providing a Municipal Rating Index (MRI). The weights of the MCA are estimated through the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) based on a survey submitted to local stakeholders (municipalities, environmental associations, experts). The model is applied to the province of Monza and Brianza in northern Italy.
A tool for developing a plan for the renovation and remediation of cultural heritage buildings
Authors: Macek Daniel , Schneiderová Heralová Renáta , Hromada Eduard , Vitásek Stanislav , Střelcová Iveta , Brožová Lucie , Pojar Jan
Published: April 2023

Cultural heritage monuments are, to a large extent, public goods of collective consumption, and their preservation is in the public interest of the society as a whole. The benefits arising from the owner's investment and resulting from the existence and the use of a cultural heritage monument are usually not ``consumed'' solely by the owner, but, to a greater or lesser extent, by the whole society or a particular group. In the case of the renovation and remediation of cultural heritage buildings, the life-cycle costs are determined in the operational phase, before the intended renovation or remediation. They should be used to select an economically sustainable solution, with the maximum potential to preserve the cultural and historical value. The paper presents the application designed for the elaboration of plans for the renovation and remediation of cultural heritage monuments, developed in the form of a web interface. The application processes data at the level of individual structural elements. For faster and more comfortable users' work, a database of type objects is used, which combines primary data from the level of structural elements.
The potential of unused railway areas
Authors: Kugl Jiří
Published: April 2023

Railway transportation faces many of the issues that are related to standard brownfields - due to changing technologies and industries, more effective systems (of traffic control in this case) and evolving needs many of the areas are actually no longer necessary for proper function of the railway. That is especially prominent in the case of railway stations, where a significant number of the stations use just a portion of their available tracks, buildings and areas (for example for unloading or repair). The remaining areas are sometimes sporadically used, but more effective and conscious management of the station could fairly easily lead up to the release of these areas for another, more useful function for both the city and the station. This paper will explore the differences between “standard” brownfields and unused railway areas like the typical ownership structure, particular location within the city and the effect station has on the city structure, composition and topography of the areas or the fact that railway areas are most often never really fully abandoned and they do continue to serve in some, albeit diminished capacity. Paper also aims to map out how much of the railways areas are underused or unused in Czech Republic (country with highest rail network density in the world). This paper will then recommend the best ways to use and revitalize them and it will show some successful examples of revitalization projects from all around the world.
A methodological approach for life cycle assessment of refurbishment measures - from building to neighbourhood and municipal level
Authors: Slabik Simon , Zernicke Caya , Storck Michael , Hafner Annette
Published: April 2023

Life cycle assessment (LCA) in the building sector has become a widely used method for quantifying environmental impacts of a building over its entire life cycle. Currently, however, no standardized procedure exists for considering refurbishment measures. In addition, the LCA, according to the European standard EN 15978, is limited to building level only. This paper shows how a~methodological LCA framework of refurbishment methods can be applied at three levels: single building, neighbourhood, and municipality. Initially, the proposed methodological approaches are introduced while the framework rules are defined for each of the three levels. The system boundaries of the LCA differ regarding the assessment levels within the given methodology and are adapted accordingly. In addition, the three levels of assessment are defined by the accuracy of measurement results, and data requirements, as well as by the specific value of the calculations and the ownership of the building stock. The assessment levels provide a specific quality and quantity of environmental indicator results. Thus, the complex interrelationships of the assessment levels are shown. The developed framework for the environmental assessment of refurbishment measures provides comparability at the building level. At the neighbourhood level, emissions from refurbishment measures are compared with the reductions of emissions through heating energy demand. Ultimately, the potential of refurbishment measures at the municipal level can be identified on a large scale and used as a decision-making tool.
Catalogue of construction products containing secondary raw materials from different industries and municipal waste
Authors: Pavlů Tereza , Pešta Jan , Volf Martin , Lupíšek Antonín
Published: April 2023

The building industry consumes a large amount of primary raw materials and also contributes significantly to the production of waste. Applying circular principles in this field to reduce resource consumption and waste production has been investigated in several projects considering the reuse or recycling of construction and demolition waste. However, consumption of primary raw materials can also be reduced by re-targetting waste from different industries and municipal waste to produce new construction products. Thus, opportunities for the recycling of industrial and municipal waste were investigated in this project. The main output is the catalogue, which provides an overview of products with recycled content and secondary materials with the potential to be used in the construction industry such as blast furnace slag, ash, and energy by-products. Also, it contains a list of valid requirements for the use of recycled materials under specific conditions of the Czech Republic. In addition, examples of good practice are presented to break the existing behavioral barriers to the use of secondary raw materials in the Czech construction industry. This contribution summarizes the findings in the field of industrial and municipal waste recycling and its further use as secondary raw materials in the construction industry.
Scholars and Literati at the University of Freiburg (1457–1800)
Authors: Gkopi Anna Maria , Stelter Robert
Published: April 2023

This note is a summary description of the set of scholars and literati who taught at the University of Freiburg from its inception in 1457 to the eve of the Industrial Revolution (1800).
Publicity, Transparency, and Openness in Public Administration
Authors: Rodrigues João Gaspar
Published: April 2023

This work addresses the republican principle of publicity and its constitutional corollaries within administrative activity, in light of the recent Access to Information Law and constitutional guidelines. For the smooth functioning of an open society, all state space is subject to the light of transparency. The concept that transparency in Public Administration is essential for it to function more responsibly and effectively is gaining increasing importance in the theory of administrative law.
Las medidas de reparación y los mecanismos de control judicial establecidos en las sentencias de restitución de tierras del departamento de Santander (Colombia)
Authors: Martín Peré Elisa M.
Published: April 2023

Este artículo muestra resultados de un proyecto de investigación sobre la etapa judicial de la política de restitución de tierras en Santander (Colombia). Así, se han analizado las sentencias dictadas entre 2017 y junio de 2018 con los siguientes objetivos: por un lado, saber qué medidas de reparación adoptaron los órganos judiciales en Santander y en qué proporción, para conocer el enfoque reparador de estos; y por otro, averiguar qué mecanismos de control judicial se establecieron en el fallo para supervisar su cumplimiento. Los resultados muestran que las órdenes relacionadas con la medida de restitución son las más frecuentes, equiparándose la orden de restituir materialmente el bien solicitado, con la de compensar por otro bien equivalente, aspecto que indica un enfoque menos formalista y más adaptado la casuística. Sin embargo, se considera necesario incrementar otras medidas reparadoras, para lograr un enfoque más integral, así como una mayor aplicación del enfoque diferencial de género. Por otro lado, debería fortalecerse el control judicial desde el propio fallo, para un adecuado y efectivo cumplimiento de las órdenes en la etapa postfallo.
La debida motivación de la prueba indiciaria, relacionada con el principio de presunción de inocencia en Perú
Authors: Cabrera Xiomara , Odar Cortez Gaby
Published: April 2023

Esta investigación aborda la incorrecta valoración y motivación de las resoluciones judiciales, vulnerándose el principio de presunción de inocencia. Planteando como problema científico que, la indebida motivación de la prueba indiciaría para la condena, limita la protección del principio de presunción de inocencia en el proceso penal peruano, y como objetivo, una modificación a la Ley N° 29277 de la carrera judicial para proteger la presunción de inocencia en el proceso penal. Se utilizaron métodos científicos jurídicos y estudios de documentos doctrinarios y jurisprudenciales, así como se aplicó una encuesta con cuestionario. Del análisis realizado se corroboran los defectos en la motivación de la prueba indiciaria por el juez en la sentencia, lo cual afecta la presunción de inocencia de los imputados, para lo cual se interesa incorporar como falta disciplinaria, el juez que incumpla con esta exigencia en el proceso penal en la normativa, Ley N° 29277 de la Carrera Judicial. l, Capítulo V: Régimen Disciplinario, artículo 47°: Faltas Graves.
La zona típica de “Lo Zúñiga”, Chile. Conflictos en torno al patrimonio y usos de la historia en un paisaje moldeado por la propiedad
Authors: Lorca Mauricio , Brangier Víctor
Published: April 2023

Este artículo problematiza la narrativa asociada a la construcción y consolidación de la propiedad agrícola en el valle central de Chile como un espacio que ha sido entendido por la historiografía tradicional como cuna de la identidad nacional. Los argumentos orientados a reconocer oficialmente al asentamiento de origen colonial de Lo Zúñiga como “zona típica” lo presentaron como el reflejo estático de un paisaje cultural tempranamente configurado por el latifundio y las relaciones laborales y sociales y las prácticas culturales que se dieron en su interior. Sin embargo, la declaratoria que le confirió estatus patrimonial al poblado en 2005 ha comenzado a ser impugnada por habitantes y organizaciones sociales locales –que estuvieron ausentes del proceso original que solicitó esa distinción–, cuestionando, de paso, la reactualización del relato historiográfico tradicional como narración hegemónica en que se sustentó parte importante del valor patrimonial de Lo Zúñiga. Esta investigación se centró en el análisis del expediente de declaratoria que se construyó entre 2000 y 2005 y que resguarda el Consejo de Monumentos Nacionales de Chile.
Perlindungan Hukum Atas Merek Bagi Pelaku UMKM di Indonesia
Authors: Fatmawati Fatmawati , Aminah Aminah
Published: April 2023

AbstractUMKM as a small-scale industry still think that protection of intellectual property is Nomort important. This proved by still few UMKM Trademark registration at Ditjen of Intellectual Property. Research method is used Yuridical Nomorrmative. The results of this study is Trademark is one of the protected rights from intellectual property rights. Trademark used as instrument to distinguishing goods and services that produced by aNomorther company that similar, or used to marking product to indicate the origin. The conclusion of this study is efforts in provide trademark protection againts UMKM in a away registering UMKM trademark. Because UMKM have capital limitations, assets and yearly outcomes if compared business Nomorn UMKM, because of that goverment provide ease for UMKM to trademark registration, that is through cheaper cost for UMKM trademark registration policy compared Nomorn UMKM trademark, cooperate between Dirjen HKI Kementrian Hukum dan HAM and Kementrian Koperasi dan UMKM, giving financing incentives UMKM trademark registration, and collective trademark registration of UMKM.Keywords: legal protection; brand; umkmAbstrakUMKM selaku suatu industri berskala kecil masih menganggap bahwa perlindungan kekayaan intelektual bukanlah merupakan hal yang penting. Hal tersebut dibuktikan dengan masih minimnya registrasi Merek UMKM di Ditjen Kekayaan Intelektual. Metode penelitian yang dipakai yaitu adalah Yuridis Nomorrmatif. Hasil dari penelitian ini yaitu Merek merupakan salah satu hak yang dilindungi dari HKI. Merek sejak lama digunakan selaku alat untuk membedakan benda dan jasa yang di produksi oleh suatu perusahaan lain yang sejenis, atau digunakan untuk memberikan tanda dari produk yang dihasilkan dengan maksud menunjukan asal-usul dari suatu produk. Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah upaya dalam memberikan perlindungan merek terhadap UMKM adalah dengan metode mendaftarkan merek UMKM. Karena kriteria pelaku usaha UMKM mempunyai keterbatasan dari modal, aset maupun hasil penjualan tahunan jika dibandingkan dengan usaha Nomorn-UMKM, oleh karenanya pemerintah memberikan kemudahan bagi pelaku UMKM untuk mendaftarkan merek, yaitu lewat kebijakan biaya registrasi merek UMKM yang lebih murah dibandingkan merek Non-UMKM, melakukan kerasama antara Dirjen KI Kementerian Hukum dan HAM dan Kementerian Koperasi dan UMKM, memberikan insentif pembiayaan registrasi registrasi merek UMKM, serta registrasi merek kolektif UMKM.Kata kunci: perlindungan hukum; merek; umkm
Editorial
Authors: Šír Jan , Filipová Lucie
Published: April 2023

Editorial
Russia vs. Ukraine: A Subaltern Empire Against the “Populism of Hope”
Authors: Korablyova Valeria
Published: April 2023

This article discusses the ongoing Russian war against Ukraine from a postcolonial perspective. It argues that the structure of coloniality in the region is tripartite: besides Russia and Ukraine, the “West” is present as the main significant Other for both sides. With regard to the West, Russia is a “subaltern empire” and Ukraine is a “double subaltern,” peripheral to more than one center of power. Within this complex of imperiality and subalternity, Russia is engaging in a “catching-up imperialism” driven by resentment against the West. Russia has subsumed neighboring states, or parts of them, in brutal violation of the existing international order. Its leaders claim it is only mimicking the hegemon’s (i.e. the West’s) imperialist modus operandi. This geostrategic pattern is captured by Erik Ringmar’s notion of “recognition games.” Fighting in those “deadly games,” Zelensky’s Ukraine is breaking out of its place as a mute subaltern. The rhetorical aspect of Ukraine’s response to Russian aggression can be called a horizontal “populism of hope.” Ukraine has attained global visibility and recognition in the Northern hemisphere as a beacon of grassroots democracy, resilience and freedom. Russia, however, has rebranded itself as the spearhead of a global fight against Western hegemony. The outcome of this military and discursive standoff will largely define a future normative international order displaying new hierarchies of symbolic power.
Conference Report. The Bavarian-Czech Borderland as an Innovation Space in the “Long” Nineteenth Century, May 27, 2022, Prague
Authors: Wölfl Eliška
Published: April 2023

Conference Report
Initial experiences and usefulness of porcine acellular dermal matrix-assisted prepectoral breast implant surgery: a case series and systematic review
Authors: Lee Chan Yeong , Song Woo Jin , Sim Hyung Bo , Jeong Hyun Gyo , Kang Sang Gue
Published: April 2023

Background We report our experiences with prepectoral placement breast implant surgery using Supporix (HansBioMed), a porcine acellular dermal matrix (PADM), for cosmetic and reconstructive indications. The clinical efficiency, safety, and cost-effectiveness of PADM were also discussed.Methods A single-center, retrospective study was designed from December 2017 to December 2019. The participants were Korean women who underwent PADM-assisted prepectoral breast implant surgery performed by two surgeons. All complications were registered and analyzed. A systematic review and meta-analysis of complication rates after PADM-assisted prepectoral breast implant surgery were conducted for comparison with other studies. A subgroup analysis was performed according to the operation type: the cosmetic breast surgery (CBS) group, the immediate implant-based breast reconstruction (IIBR) group, and the delayed implant-based breast reconstruction (DIBR) group.Results Twenty breasts in 16 patients were included in our study (median follow-up period, 8.25 months). In a systematic review, 20 publications with a total of 2,504 breasts in 1,921 women were quantitively analyzed. The overall complication rates in our study and other studies were 14% and 24% in the total group analysis, 0% and 12% in the CBS group, 62% and 26% in the IIBR group, and 0% and 28% in the DIBR group, respectively.Conclusions Our data support the effectiveness of PADM-assisted prepectoral breast implant surgery, which was comparable to other studies. PADM was effective for reducing seroma and hematoma in the revision CBS group and the DIBR group. In the IIBR group, it was helpful in preventing implant loss and explantation.
Hair diameter measurement methods: micrometer caliper versus phototrichogram
Authors: Park Jae Hyun , Ho Yeh Hong , Manonukul Kotchamol
Published: April 2023

Background Hair diameter is a crucial element in deciding the treatment and predicting the prognosis of hair transplantation in patients with hair loss.Methods Ten female volunteers participated in this study. Three sites at different horizontal positions of the scalp were chosen for measurement: midoccipital, mastoid, and temporal. Three boxes of 1 cm2 were marked from superior to inferior along the midline of each site, and five anagen hairs ≥10 cm long were randomly sampled from each box. The thickness of each collected hair was measured at three positions along the hair length: 1 cm, 5 cm, and 10 cm from the surface of the skin. The diameters of the hairs were measured using a micrometer caliper and a Folliscope phototrichogram, and the measurements were compared.Results The average thickness of all hairs was 76.90±12.29 μm when measured with the caliper and 108.78±19.97 μm when measured with the phototrichogram. There was a statistically significant difference between the two measurement methods (P<0.001). The average hair thickness from the three areas (midoccipital, mastoid, and temporal) showed a significant difference between the caliper and the Folliscope hair measurements (P<0.001): midoccipital area (caliper, 74.46±9.71 μm; Folliscope, 109.03±19.59 μm), mastoid area (caliper, 76.36±10.67 μm; Folliscope, 103.73±18.67 μm), and temporal area (caliper, 79.89±15.18 μm; Folliscope, 113.59±20.43 μm).Conclusions Measuring hair thickness using a phototrichogram, which generates a measurement of the long-axis dimension, is clinically useful in the treatment of patients with hair loss and patients undergoing hair transplantation.
Correction of postoperative temporal hollowing using a combination of thread-lift and autologous fat graft: a case report
Authors: Sung Ki Pyo , Kim Choong Hyeon
Published: April 2023

Postoperative temporal hollowing is a complication that can occur after craniectomy or cranioplasty. It is caused by the disinsertion or displacement of the temporalis muscle and atrophy of the superficial temporal fat pad. We introduce a case of temporal hollowing correction using polydioxanone thread-lifting and fat grafts. A 28-year-old man presented with right temporal hollowing and asymmetric bulging of the zygomatic region. The patient wanted an aesthetically favorable correction with a short recovery period, without using a permanent implant. We performed a two-stage procedure. In the first stage, 21 mL of centrifuged fat was obtained, of which 7 mL was injected into the temporal region. A month later, another 4 mL of the stored fat was injected, and thread-lifting was performed through the temporal region after identifying the deep temporal fascia. Four threads were inserted, pulled toward the entry point, and tied. The anchoring of the thread-lifted tissue remained stable, and the volume of grafted fat was well preserved at the 4-month follow-up. The patient was satisfied with the cosmetic results. In this case, temporal hollowing was effectively managed with fat grafting and thread lifting. We recommend this method as an option for reconstruction of temporal hollowing with a short recovery period and high patient satisfaction.