bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
İslâm Öncesi Dönemden İslâm Sanatına Terazi Motifi ve Anlamları
Authors: DOĞAN Belkıs
Published: December 2022

İslâm sanatları motif ve figür kullanımı bakımından hayli geniş bir bezeme repertuvarına sahiptir. Eserlerde kullanılan süsleme unsurları, İslâm sanatının karakterini oluşturan tamamen özgün tasarımlardan meydana geldiği gibi Müslümanların yayıldıkları coğrafyalarda yaşamış olan İslâm öncesi medeniyetlerin izlerini de taşıyabilmektedir. Bu noktada terazi, İslâm öncesi dönemden itibaren varlık gösteren ve İslâm sanatında kullanılagelen motifler arasında yer almaktadır. Öte yandan motife gerek İslâm öncesi dönemde, gerekse İslâm sanatlarında birden fazla mânâ yüklenmiştir. Bu makalede motifin sanat eserlerinde karşımıza çıkan biçimleri ve temsil ettiği anlamlar, tarihî süreç içerisinde erişebildiğimiz en erken örneklerinden İslâm sanatındaki son dönem örneklerine değin verilmiştir. Böylece İslâm öncesi medeniyetler ile İslâm sanatında motife yüklenen ortak anlamlar tespit edilmeye çalışılmıştır. Sanat eserlerine yansıyan terazi motifinin anlam bakımından temsil ettiği hususlar; gündelik yaşam, ticaret, dünyevî adalet, ilahî adalet, Zodyak haritasının yedinci burcu şeklinde sınıflandırılabilir. Belirtilen anlamları temsil eden tasvirler, Antik Mısır, Yunan, Roma, Mezopotamya uygarlıkları başta olmak üzere birçok medeniyetin günümüze ulaşan eserlerinde görülmektedir. Bunun yanında motif, semavî dinlerden Yahudilik ve Hıristiyanlık’a ait mimarî yapılarda gerek ahiret inancı ve buna bağlı olarak kıyamet gününde gerçekleşecek olan ilâhî yargılamayı, gerekse Terazi Burcu’nu sembolize eden bir süsleme unsuru olarak yer almaktadır. İslâm mimarîsinde motifin tespit edebildiğimiz en erken tarihli örneği, burç tasviri olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Bununla birlikte motifin, mimarîde geç dönemlerde daha ziyade ahireti sembolize eden bir nesne olarak kullanıldığı anlaşılmaktadır. Zira 18.-19. yüzyıllara tarihlenen camilerin kalem işi bezemeleri, terazinin de içinde yer aldığı cennet, cehennem, mizan, sırat gibi ahirete mahsus konuları bir bütün olarak ihtiva eden kompozisyonlara sahiptir. Tarih boyunca yaşamın bütün yönlerinin genel itibariyle inançlar tarafından biçimlendirildiği yadsınamaz bir gerçektir. Bugün Antik Yunan’da yahut Mısır’da sanat dediğimiz şey, aslında o dönemin dinî inancının somutlaşmış halidir. Aynı durum İslâm sanatı için de geçerlidir. Bu düşünceden hareketle makalede terazi motifinin İslâm sanatlarında kullanımı, dinî ve tasavvufî kaynaklar aracılığıyla okunmaya çalışılmıştır. İki aşamalı gerçekleşen bu okumada, ahiret tasvirine ve dünya/devlet nizamına tekabül eden motifin Kur’an-ı Kerîm, hadis ve tasavvuf metinlerindeki kökeni araştırılmış ve aralarındaki anlam bağı ortaya konulmaya çalışılmıştır. Ayrıca çalışmamızın özgün yaklaşımı olan, dinî metinlerde istifade edilen metaforlar/mecazlar ile sanattaki motifler/figürler arasında teşekkül eden bağa dikkat çekilmiştir. Literatürde İslâm sanatında terazi motifine dair spesifik bir çalışmanın bulunmaması sebebiyle makalenin bu alandaki eksikliği gidermesi hedeflenmektedir.
Trabzon’da Günümüze Ulaşmayan Saraçzade / Hacı Pir Medresesi ve Mimarisi
Authors: YAZICI METİN Nurcan
Published: December 2022

Trabzon’da, Ortahisar Mahallesinde bulunan ve Saraçzade / Hacı Pir Efendi Medresesi olarak bilinen medrese günümüze gelmemiştir. Yapıdan günümüze, Ortasaray, Ortahisar ya da Saraçzade Mescidi olarak bilinen kısmı ve avlu kapısı ulaşmıştır. 18.yüzyılda mevcut olduğu anlaşılan yapı 19.yüzyılın ortalarında yaşanan yangında harap olmuştur. Bu tarihten sonra, yapıya adını veren ve aynı zamanda medresenin müderrisi olan Hacı Pir Efendinin girişimleriyle yeni baştan inşa edilmiştir. Büyük oranda padişahın katkılarıyla; mescid ve kütüphane ile birlikte inşa edildiği anlaşılan medresenin planı ve mimarisi hakkında bilgiler çok sınırlıdır. Medresenin mescidi için valide sultanın da katkı sağladığı arşiv belgelerinde geçmektedir.

Günümüze gelmeyen medresenin projesi, Osmanlı Arşivinde mevcuttur. Projede medresenin kat planları ve cephe görünümüne yer verilmiştir. Yapının dikdörtgen plan şemasında, revaklı, açık avlulu, iki katlı bir medrese olduğu anlaşılmaktadır. Mekanlar her iki katta avlu etrafında, üç yönde dolanan revak dizisinin arkasına gelecek şekilde, “U” düzeninde yerleştirilmiştir. Medresenin günümüze ulaşan mescidi, avlunun köşesinde yer almaktadır. Medreseye giriş, alt katta, güney duvarı ortasındaki kapı açıklığından sağlanmaktadır. Medresenin alt katındaki mekanlar güney, doğu ve kuzey yönde yerleştirilmiştir. Kuzey yöndeki mekanların ise avluya ve dışarıya açık dükkan şeklinde düzenlendiği görülmektedir. Planda mekanlar tek tek tanımlanmıştır. Aynı zamanda medreseye gelir getirmesi amacıyla inşa edildiği anlaşılan dükkanlar alt katta yer almaktadır. Medresenin projede tanımlandığı haliyle inşa edilip edilmediğini tespit etmek zordur.

Medresenin ilave ve onarımlarla günümüze gelebilen mescidi, dikdörtgen planlı ve kiremit kaplı çatı ile örtülüdür. Mescidin, aynı zamanda medresenin batı duvarı, üzerinde niş ve açıklıklar bulunan Bizans yapısına ait olması muhtemel bir duvardır. Mescidin doğu yönünde, medresenin kapısından, yani güney yönden girişi bulunan, kapalı bir son cemaat yeri düzenlemesi vardır. Son cemaat yerinin doğu duvarı, bu yöndeki medrese mekanına ait olmalıdır. İnşa kitabesi de bu duvar üzerinde bulunmaktadır. İç mekanda kuzey yönde, ortada ahşap bir dikmeyle taşınan ahşap kadınlar mahfili vardır. Mescidin harim mekanı, barok karakterde süslemelere sahip mihrap dışında sadedir.

Bu makalede, Osmanlı Arşivi’nden elde edilen belgeler ışığında, yapının yangın sonrası inşa süreci ve mimarisi değerlendirilecektir. Geç dönem Osmanlı medreselerinin bir örneği olduğu anlaşılan medresenin planı ilk defa bu çalışmada tanıtılacak ve ayrıntılı bir şekilde incelenecektir.
Avrupa Enerji Güvenliği Açısından Hazar Havzasının Artan Önemi: Rusya-Ukrayna Savaşı Bağlamında Bir Değerlendirme
Authors: Turan İshak
Published: December 2022

Ulusal güvenliği bağlamında Ukrayna’nın NATO üyesi olma söylemini ve niyetini devam ettirmesi, Şubat 2022’de Rusya’nın geniş kapsamlı askerî müdahalede bulunmasına yol açmıştır. Bu da Batılı devletlerin Rusya’ya yönelik enerji sektörünü de içine alan yaptırımlar uygulamasına neden oldu. Her ne kadar amaçlardan birisi Rusya’ya olan bağımlılığın azaltılması olsa da Avrupa’da özellikle doğal gaz krizi daha da derinleşmiştir. Bu nedenle Avrupalı devletler enerji güvenliğinde benzer bir risk yaşamamak için sürdürülebilir alternatif güzergâh ve kaynak arayışlarını hızlandırmıştır. Bu doğrultuda zengin doğal gaz yataklarına sahip Hazar Havzası öne çıkmaktadır. Özellikle iki bölge arasında transit ülke konumunda olan Türkiye’nin istikrarlı yapısıyla bölgeye yönelik yapılacak yatırımlar artırılabilir. Bu çalışmada, boru hattı diplomasisi bağlamında Avrupa ile Hazar Havzası arasındaki karşılıklı bağımlılığın nasıl artırılabileceği, bölgedeki doğal gaz kaynağının Avrupa enerji güvenliğine ne ölçüde katkı sağlayabileceği ve iki bölge arasında bir köprü vazifesi gören Türkiye’nin hangi rolü oynayabileceği sorgulanmaktadır.
ВИКОРИСТАННЯ НЕТРАДИЦІЙНОЇ СИРОВИНИ ПІД ЧАС ВИРОБНИЦТВА СЛАБОАЛКОГОЛЬНИХ НАПОЇВ
Authors: Сорокіна С. В. , Колесник В. В. , Полупан В. В. , Акмен В. О. , Penkina N. M.
Published: December 2022

Робота присвячена актуальним питанням використання молочної сироватки, переробці якої, в Україні, стало приділятись менше уваги, для покращення якості таких товарів, як слабоалкогольні напої. З метою задоволення підвищених вимог споживачів до алкогольної продукції та акцентом на інноваційних рецептурах слабоалкогольних напоїв, проведено дослідження технологічних параметрів виробництва даної продукції та запропоновано введення суміші цукрово-сироваткового концентрату. Визначено раціональне співвідношення компонентів цього концентрату та хімічний склад, що є найбільш збалансованим, для введення. Рослинну сировину, для алкогольних напоїв, підібрано виходячи з її фармакопейних властивостей, економічних та органолептичних характеристик, а також наявністю властивостей щодо знижування токсичного ефекту напою. Розроблено рецептуру слабоалкогольних напоїв шляхом використання концентрату молочної сироватки згущеної з цукром з додаванням морсів спиртових з ягід та водних настоїв з рослинної сировини. Представлено спосіб їх виробництва відповідно до класичних технологічних схем. Проведено порівняльну оцінку хімічного складу цукрово-сироваткового концентрату зі зразком молока згущеного з цукром. Визначено хімічний склад розроблених напоїв, що дозволило говорити про перехід, у новий продукт, амінокислот з сироваткових білків та гістидину і проліну з плодів калини, а також про підвищення вмісту органічних кислот, низки зольних елементів та наявність вітаміну С і β-каротину. Зазначений спосіб виробництва може розглядатись як ресурсозберігаючий, а нові слабоалкогольні напої мають перспективи попиту на ринку алкогольної продукції. Впровадження зазначеної технології дозволить розширити існуючий асортимент, задовольнити споживчі вимоги щодо високої якості, підвищити конкурентоспроможність підприємства.
ТЕХНОЛОГІЯ ДЕСЕРТІВ ФУНКЦІОНАЛЬНОГО ПРИЗНАЧЕННЯ
Authors: Антоненко А. В. , Бровенко Т. В. , Стукальська Н. М. , Криворучко М. Ю. , Толок Г. А. , Тонких О. Г.
Published: December 2022

Найважливішим чинником здоров’я населення є харчування та інтенсивність способу життя. Розроблення функціональних харчових продуктів зі зниженим вмістом вуглеводів та створення шляхів покращення структури харчування в цілому вплине на подальший розвиток технологій харчових продуктів з підвищеною харчовою та зниженою енергетичною цінністю. Основною проблемою харчування в нашій країні є надмірне споживання легкозасвоюваних вуглеводів і забезпечення населення ессенціальними нутрієнтами, які відповідають фізіологічним потребам організму. У статті розглядається актутальність та розроблення технологій десертних страв функціонального призначення – мусу яблучного з фруктозою та борошном кіноа. Проведено органолептичні, технологічні та фізико-хімічні дослідження, які довели доцільність використання фруктози та борошном кіноа. У процесі технологічних розробок з урахуванням органолептичної оцінки, обрано дослідний зразок і розроблено технологію мусу яблучного з фруктозою та борошном кіноа. Було проведено технологічні проробки щодо заміни манної крупи на борошно кіноа. Його вносили в кількості від 10 до 100% до маси манної крупи. Встановлено, що оптимальним являється дозування борошна кіноа в кількості 45 %. Проведена органолептична оцінка мусу яблучного з повним вилученням цукру і манної крупи з використанням кіноа, желатину та фруктози за 5-бальною шкалою, де визначали такі показники якості, як зовнішній вигляд, колір, запах, смак, консистенція. За результатами проведених досліджень розроблено технологію мусу яблучного з фруктозою та кіноа з покращеним вмістом есенціальних нутрієнтів. На підставі отриманих даних можна зробити висновок, що розроблений мус яблучного з фруктозою та кіноа, збагачують раціон харчування людини дефіцитними нутрієнтами та зменшують кількість легкозасвоюваних вуглеводів. Розроблені вироби можна рекомендувати у раціонах з метою профілактики цукрового діабету, для покращення травлення та зміцнення імунітету. Соціальна ефективність розробленої технології мусу яблучного з фруктозою та кіноа полягає у розширенні асортименту десертних страв зі зменшеною кількістю легкозасвоюваних вуглеводів. Розроблена десертна продукція може бути рекомендована для харчування у повсякденних раціонах людей, що працюють на виробництвах важкої промисловості, проживають на екологічно забруднених територіях та всіх верств населення, для задоволення попиту споживачів на функціональні харчові продукти, а також для людей хворих на цукровий діабет і сприятиме поліпшенню якості харчування та оздоровленню населення України.
Mihne sonrası Sünni Düşüncede Kırılma
Authors: ARSLAN Halil , YAVUZ Salih Sabri
Published: December 2022

İslam düşünce tarihinde mihne, tesiri en çok Kelâm üzerinde görülen birçok alanı etkileyen bir hadisedir. Me’mun’la anılan mihne Mütevekkil sonrası yürürlükten kaldırılmıştır. Mihne hadisesi kadar bu hadise sonrasında olan bitenler de ayrı bir dikkati gerekli kılmaktadır. Mihne sonrası, Ahmed b. Hanbel’in duruş ve düşünüşü daha da tavizsiz bir konuma taşınmış ve onu devri için bir meşruiyet kaynağı haline getirmiştir. Mihne sonrası Mutezile yerine ikame edilen Hanbeli fikirler muarızları üzerinde bir baskı aracı haline gelmiştir. Mihne sonrası mutedil şahıslar ve onların görüşleri görünmez hâle gelmiş orta yol bir çözümün adresi olan Eşʻarî de bu ortamdan etkilenmiştir. Bu çalışma mihne sonrası durumun Eş’arî üzerinden sünni kelam üzerindeki etkisinin tasvirini yapmayı amaçlamaktadır.
KKTC HUKUKU’NDA VASİYETNAMENİN DÜZENLENMESİ VE İÇTİHATLAR IŞIĞINDA VASİYETNAMENİN GERİ ALINMASI İLE VASİYETNAMENİN GEÇERLİLİĞİNİN DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ
Authors: ALASLAN Fatma
Published: December 2022

Tek taraflı ölüme bağlı tasarruf olan vasiyetnameler, mirasbırakanın iradesinin metne yansıması olarak karşımıza
çıkmaktadır. Zira, mirasbırakan öldükten sonra gerçekleşmesini istediği son arzularını bir metin haline
getirmektedir. Bu sebeple, vasiyetnameler, şekli anlamda ölüme bağlı tasarruf türü teşkil ederler. Vasiyetname
oluşturulurken, kanunun aradığı şekil şartlarına uyulması gerekmektedir. Kanunun aradığı geçerlilik şartlarına
uygun olarak düzenlenen vasiyetnameler, geçerli bir şekilde oluşturulmuş sayılırlar ve mirasbırakanın ölümüyle,
kendilerine bağlanan hukuki sonuçları doğururlar. Aksi taktirde, vasiyetname geçersizlik yaptırımıyla karşı karşıya
kalmaktadır. Vasiyetname düzenleyecek olan mirasbırakanın öncelikle vasiyetname yapma niyeti ile vasiyetname
yapma ehliyetine sahip olması gerekmektedir. Vasiyetname yapma iradesinin var olmasının yanı sıra, kanunun
aradığı şekle uyulması hem de ölüme bağlı tasarruf yapma ehliyetine sahip olunması, mirasbırakanın geçerli bir
şekilde vasiyetname yapmasına imkân tanıyacaktır. Mirasbırakan, değişen duygu ve arzularına göre, mevcut
vasiyetnamesini ölüm anına kadar her zaman geri alabilir. Geri alma, kısmi geri alma veya vasiyetnamenin
tamamını geri alma şeklinde gerçekleştirilebilir.
Could Decontamination with Salad Dressing effect on S. aureus Load?
Authors: Ayhan Büşra , Bilici Saniye
Published: December 2022

Aim: This study was planned to determine the effects of mint and parsley extracts, vinegar, and chlorine on S. aureus load in lettuce leaves. It was also planned and carried out to evaluate the effectiveness of a salad dressing with appropriate organoleptic properties, developed by the researcher based on mint and parsley extracts.
Material and Method: The study was carried out on lettuce samples, which is a difficult vegetable to clean. S. aureus was inoculated on the lettuce before disinfection. 200 ppm/L of chlorine, vinegar, mint, and parsley extracts as 50 mL/L from each were used as treatments for 5 and 10 minutes. 50 mL/L of salad dressing, prepared using mint and parsley extracts, was used and the lettuce specimens were either dipped in and out of the salad dressing or kept in for 5 minutes. p<0.05 was accepted as statistically significant.
Results: According to the study results, the reduction levels in the S. aureus load caused by the disinfectants were found to be statistically significant (p<0.05). In comparison to the control group, the reductions in the S. aureus load by all applications were significant, and the best reduction was seen in 15 minutes of chlorine and vinegar applications (p=0.01). When the prepared salad dressing was analyzed, it was found that the reduction of S. aureus load by the salad dressing was statistically significant (p<0.00). The overall score of the salad dressing in terms of organoleptic properties was 3.9±0.96 out of 5 points.
Conclusion: The results of the study prove the disinfecting effect of natural extracts. It has also been shown that their use as salad dressing can effectively reduce microbial contamination during serving.
The Effect of Sembukan Leaf Extract (Paederia Foetida) on the Growth of Klebsiella Pneumoniae Bacteria with the Disc Method and the Contact Method
Authors: Setiyo rini Chylen , Pratiwi Nova Linda
Published: December 2022

Sembukan leaf (Paederia foetida) is a wild plant which is known to have many benefits and can be used as a medicinal plant. These plants contain bioactive compounds that function as antibacterial. This study aims to determine the ability of sembukan leaf extract to inhibit the growth of Klebsiella pneumoniae. The methods used in this study were disc diffusion and contact methods, with variations in the concentration of curd leaf extract 0%, 25%, 50%, 75% and 100%. The research data obtained were analyzed by One Way ANOVA with 95% confidence level (p<0.05). The best concentration with the disc diffusion method at a concentration of 75% with an inhibitory diameter of 15.25 mm with a strong category and the best percentage of inhibition method on sembukan leaf extract at 69.42% with a bacteristatic category at a concentration of 75%, while the results of the One Way ANOVA test that has been done obtained a significant value of p=0.000 (p<0.05) indicates a significant effect on the administration of sembukan leaf extract against Klebsiella pneumoniae bacteria. The results showed that sembukan leaf extract was able to inhibit the growth of Klebsiella pneumoniae.
Lacunary Statistical Convergence for Double Sequences on $\mathscr{L}-$ Fuzzy Normed Space
Authors: YAPALI Reha , COŞKUN Husamettin
Published: December 2022

On $\mathscr{L}-$ fuzzy normed spaces, which is the generalization of fuzzy spaces, the notion of lacunary statistical convergence for double sequences which is a generalization of statistical convergence, are studied and developed in this paper. In addition, the definitions of lacunary statistical Cauchy and completeness for double sequences and related theorems are given on $\mathscr{L}-$ fuzzy normed spaces. Also, the relationship of lacunary statistical Cauchyness and lacunary statistical boundedness for double sequences with respect to $\mathscr{L}-$ fuzzy norm is shown.
İngiltere’nin Birinci Dünya Savaşı Öncesi İran Siyaseti ve İki Sadrazamın Öldürülmesi (1800-1907)
Authors: KARADENİZ Yılmaz
Published: December 2022

İngiltere, Hindistan güzergâhındaki İran’a Safevi döneminden itibaren nüfuz etmeye çalışmış, Fars Körfezi’ndeki Portekiz egemenliğini ortadan kaldırdıktan sonra iç kısımlara yönelmiş ve sömürgecilik esasına dayalı siyasetini icraya koymuştur. Hindistan’a üçüncü bir devletin yaklaşmaması için bütün diplomatik manevraları devreye sokmuştur. Kaçar idaresinin ilk yıllarında Napolyon’un İran ile Finkestein’de imzaladığı askeri ittifak anlaşmasını, Rusya ile Tilsit’te İran’ın taksimini içeren anlaşmayı imzalamakla geçersiz kılmıştır. Rusya’nın güneye sarkmamasını masa başında yaptığı diplomatik manevralar ve İran’ın kuzey toprakları ile Osmanlı boğazlarını vaat ederek sağlamıştır. Kaçar idaresinin iki sadrazamı bu siyasetin farkında olarak tedbirler almış, ülkelerinin İngiltere nüfuzundan kurtulması için çaba göstermişlerdir. Muhammed Şah’ın sadrazamı Mirza Ebul Kasım Ferahani (Kaimakam) ve Nasırüddin Şah’ın sadrazamı Mirza Taki Han (Emir-i Kebir), milli unsurlara dayanarak ıslahatlar yapmışlardır. Askeri ve teknik gelişmeler için Avrupa’ya öğrenciler göndermişlerdir. Askeri ıslahatlar için istihdam edilen İngiliz ve Fransız subayların İran yararına çalışmadıklarını fark ederek başka ülkelerden uzmanlar istihdam etmişlerdir. Devlet idaresinde rüşveti ortadan kaldırarak israfı önlemişlerdir. Her iki sadrazamın yaptıkları ıslahatları kendi çıkarına uygun bulmayan İngiltere, zayıf bir İran için diplomatik hilelerle başvurmuştur. Bu siyaseti fark edemeyen Kaçar şahları, aldıkları borç paralar ve pervasızca yabancı sermayedarlara verdikleri imtiyazlar ile ülkelerini İngiliz ve Rus işgaline adım adım götürmüşlerdir. Çalışmamızda Birinci Dünya Savaşı öncesinde İngiltere’nin İran siyaseti ortaya konulurken, bu siyasete karşı çıkarak milli unsurlara dayalı ıslahat yapmaya çalışan iki sadrazamın nasıl gözden düşürüldüğü ve niçin ortadan kaldırıldıkları dönemin ana kaynakları ile izah edilmeye çalışılacaktır. İngiltere’nin İran siyaseti ortaya konulurken, tarihte aynı siyasetin ayrılmaz parçası olan Afganistan kısmı da ele alınacaktır.
Firdevsü’l-Mürşidiyye’nin Tasavvuf Literatürü Açısından Önemi
Authors: GÜNBAL BOZKURT Sevâl
Published: December 2022

İranlı sûfî ve muhaddis Şeyh Ebû İshak İbrahim b. Şehriyar Kâzerûnî, İshakiyye ya da Murşidiyye adlarıyla da bilinen Kâzerûniyye tarikatının kurucusu, 352 h./ 963 m. yılında Şiraz’ın Kâzerûn kasabasında doğdu. İbni Hafif (Şeyh-i Kebir) ve Ruzbihan Bakli ile Şiraz’ın üç büyük sûfisinden biri olarak gösterilir. Literatürde daha çok cihatçı özelliğine atıf yapılan Kâzerûnî şeyhinin vaazlarında müritlerine bilhassa ilim öğrenmelerini tavsiye etmesi dikkat çekmektedir. Kâzerûniyye tarikatının kuruluş sürecine dair önemli bilgiler içeren Firdevsü’l-Mürşidiyye ve Mirsadü’l-Ahrar olmak üzere Farsça iki menâkıbnâme bulunmaktadır. Bu iki menâkıbnâmenin yazarları, şeyhin üçüncü halifesi Hatip İmam Ebubekir Muhammed b. Abdülkerim’in Arapça olarak yazdığı ve aslı bugün elimizde olmayan eseri Farsçaya tercüme etmek sureti ile eserlerini oluşturmuşlardır. Her iki tercüme eserin kaynağının aynı olması ve Şeyh Ebû İshak’a dair benzer tasavvûfî anlatılara yer vermesine rağmen, mütercimlerin üslubunun farklı oluşunun onlardaki edebî değeri artırdığı görülmüştür. Firdevsü’l-Mürşidiyye, gerek Ebû İshak’ın ve gerekse kendisinden önceki sûfîlerin hayatı ve tasavvufî görüşlerine dair önemli bilgiler içermektedir. Bu çalışmada Firdevsü’l-Mürşidiyye’nin tasavvuf literatürü açısından önemi incelenecek olup, Şeyh Ebû İshak Kâzerûnî’nin hayatına ve Kâzerûniyye tarikatına mensup dervişler adına Anadolu’da açılan tekke ve zaviyelere yer verilecektir.
Representing Post-Revolutionary Iran
Authors: KOÇ Mehmet Akif
Published: December 2022

During more than the last four decades, Iran has been one of the main interest areas not only in global political and strategic agenda but also in the cultural sphere as well. Most of those interests focus on analyzing the domestic and economic situation in addition to the foreign policy of the Islamic Republic. However, one observes a lack of studies analyzing the Iranian diaspora and their culture, lifestyles, and feelings in a comparative way. One such book was published a couple of months ago and authored by Hossein Nazari, an assistant professor from the University of Tehran: Representing Post-Revolutionary Iran. In his book, Nazari elaborates on a very interesting and less-studied phenomenon: which individual or socio-cultural factors and motivations drive the Iranian-American diaspora women toward authoring “memoirs” discussing the situation in the post-revolutionary Islamic Republic of Iran?
Challenges of using Data Mining Techniques to Analyze and Forecast COVID-19 Pandemic in Zambia
Authors: Sakala James , Kunda Douglas
Published: December 2022

COVID-19 is a highly infectious respiratory disease that belongs to the SARS group of viruses that has presented a global challenge to almost everyone world-wide. During the early stages of the pandemic in Zambia, a major challenge was the limited data and datasets for COVID-19. This challenge restricted research, especially in data mining. The challenge of data and datasets is currently improving. This paper presents the challenges of using data mining techniques and models to analyze and forecast the COVID-19 pandemic in Zambia. The analysis initially presents the methodology used for creating a dataset that focuses on the pandemic at provincial scope and uses the Zambia National Public Health Institute (ZNPHI) and Ministry of Health Zambia daily situation reports. The analysis of the pandemic at country level used the COVID-19 datasets from the Humanitarian Data Exchange (HDX) and the European Center for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC). The study finally discusses the development and evaluation of the forecasting model. The forecasting model is based on the COVID_SEIRD Python package. To evaluate the forecasting model, the research utilized a combination of correlation and the max-function from basic statistics. The analysis focuses on finding the provincial area with the most COVID-19 cases in Zambia, while the forecasting process manages to forecast the trend of the pandemic for recoveries and fatalities.
Blockchain Technology and its Implication for the Financial Sector in Zambia
Authors: Neene Victor , Ng’uni Alex , Jere Bob , Kalunga Prudence , Phiri Mwiza
Published: December 2022

Blockchain is the technology that underlies Crypto Currencies and it is poised to revolutionise current existing business processes and models. Its impact is being felt in many spheres of the financial industry in many jurisdictions around the world. Transactions on the blockchain are validated by a network of participating nodes using proof of work or proof of stake algorithms. Security of the data is guaranteed by the application of cryptographic hash functions. The technology has the characteristic of delivering very secure, transparent and innovative financial products. This study presents a systematic literature review of blockchain technologies and their potential application in the financial sector with the view of identifying open challenges and opportunities that it can address in the Zambian Financial Sector Context. The focus of the study was limited to the finance, banking, insurance, tax, mortgages and fintech sectors. The findings of the research showed that the Zambian financial sector can benefit from applying blockchain in its operations. Key benefits to be derived include tamper-proof customer identity validation, guaranteed security and trust, reduction of operational costs, elimination of third parties in transaction processes, reduced financial risks and reliable data sharing and verification.
Distributed Spatial Search Using Paillier Cryptosystem and a Distributed Ring Algorithm
Authors: Katambo Jimmy , Nyirenda Mayumbo , Zulu David
Published: December 2022

The problem of lack of anonymity and confidentiality can be experienced by those who collect statistical data online as well as those who provide the data. One end may be secure, for example, the one providing data, and yet the other end, for example, the one collecting data, may not be secure. In another scenario, both the data provider and collector may seek anonymity. Preventing the decryption of data provided while providing aggregated results is the best solution for such scenarios. To achieve this, this paper proposes a protocol that puts into application. Homomorphic Encryption and a Distributed Ring algorithm, to ensure data anonymity of both parties involved in a spatial search that is a data provider and a searcher. Firstly, we identify a Homomorphic Encryption technique that can work best for a spatial search by reviewing literature on Homomorphic Encryption techniques. Among the Homomorphic Encryption techniques reviewed were Rivest, Shamir and Adleman (RSA), El Gamal cryptosystem, Goldwasser-Micali cryptosystem, Benaloh cryptosystem, Paillier cryptosystem and Fully Homomorphic Encryption (FHE). After a comprehensive study, Paillier Homomorphic Encryption technique was identified as the best approach to be employed in securing a spatial search. Secondly, we propose a protocol for distributed spatial searching using Paillier cryptosystem and distributed ring algorithm principles. Finally, a proof of concept prototype using the proposed approach was implemented. From initial experiments conducted using the proposed approach, it is evident that the bigger cost comes from the communication over the network and less from the encryption algorithm and protocol itself. A 39.7% overhead when compared to the usefulness of the approach, is outweighed making the solution highly practical and useful.
S-I-R Model and COVID-19 Data-Based Numerical Ro Estimation for Pandemic Modeling
Authors: Ahmed Fayzan , Iqbal Majid , Iqbal Arshad , Zaheer Uddin
Published: December 2022

A contagious disease transmits from human to human or animal to human. At present world is encountered with such a disease, known as COVID-19. More than half a million people have died due to this pandemic. The pandemic started in China and spread within no time to other parts of the world. Italy and USA are the most unfortunate countries as a large number of deaths occurred in these two countries. No doubt this contagious disease has created social as well as economic problems all over the world, especially in underdeveloped countries. The disease easily transmits to a healthy person during social contact. An epidemic model was developed known as the Kermack-McKendrick model described as SIR (Susceptible Infected and Recovered) model, it deals with the rate of transmission of disease and rate of infection. It gives a trend of infectious disease in a large population. The model helps epidemiologists and health policymakers to understand the probable transmission of disease and to take possible and effective measures to control or reduce the spread of the virus. The factor Ro, known as the reproductive number, can be considered as a threshold value for the disease to be an epidemic. In this study, we used the SIR model to study the effect of COVID-19 in Pakistan. Three coupled differential equations of the SIR model have been solved by numerically using COVID-19 data for Pakistan.
The Ro estimated by the current Pakistan COVID-19 data is found to be 2.656 from which control measures will cause a decrease in Ro. Due to the reduction in Ro, the apex of the infected population curve predicted to be range from 26 % to 3 %, and the time to reach the apex ranges from 161 to 710 days. Also, the current data is compared with the numerical values by solving the SIR model. However, the model has limitations due to which parameters can be approximately calculated that might match the actual values to some extent. The application of the model is simple and students can easily learn about the computational techniques used to solve the coupled differential equations.
Investigating the Impact of Consensus Algorithm on Scalability in Blockchain Systems
Authors: Khan Kashif Mehboob , Muhammad Abdullah Hayat  , Rana Muhammad Ibrahim
Published: December 2022

In the current era, blockchain has emerged as one the best and promising technology. All the cryptocurrencies have also gained a lot of popularity around the globe which are based on blockchain technology. Blockchain provides a distributed architecture, in which transactions are verified by different validators using different algorithms and then are stored in distributed ledger. The verification of transactions is done using consensus algorithms which verifies that incoming transaction is correct and reliable by different distributed nodes working in a peer-to-peer network. Consensus algorithms ensure the integrity and security of blockchain. There are various types of consensus algorithms used in blockchain technology which are used depending on the architecture and usage, some of the consensus algorithms are Proof of Work (PoW), Proof of Stake (PoS) etc. The Proof of Work algorithm is most widely used across the globe by the community. It is used by many popular cryptocurrency networks like Litecoin and Bitcoin. It requires larger computation power while verifying transactions. The selection of a consensus algorithm is one the most important parts of blockchain, as the consensus mechanism is considered to be the core of a network. It is easier to predict and guarantee the security, reliability, fault tolerance, and recoverability of the system if the correct consensus protocol is selected. A single algorithm can never fulfill all the requirements, there is always a tradeoff in the selection of consensus algorithms. Therefore, it is very important to select the best suited consensus algorithm for the network as the consensus mechanism validates transactions without any third-party platform and prevents malicious activities in the network. This paper investigates the comparison among types of consensus algorithms and their effectiveness and viability.
Evaluation of deep learning approaches for classification of drought stages using satellite imagery for Tharparker
Authors: Raza Muhammad Owais , Tarique Ahmed Khuhro  , Sania Bhatti  , Mohsin Memon
Published: December 2022

Droughts have grown increasingly common, severe, and widespread in recent decades due to climate change, aggravating their harmful repercussions. Drought prediction is very effective for providing early warning and protecting the most susceptible areas from the dangers of drought. This study looked at the feasibility of applying Deep Neural Networks to create drought stage classification models for the Tharpakar District of Pakistan. A collection of satellite pictures of Tharpakar at various degrees of the drought were employed in this investigation. The unique dataset utilized in this study was gathered utilizing the time-lapse function of Google Earth Pro. The drought stages considered in this study are 'Before Drought,' 'Drought,' 'After Drought,' and 'No Drought.' DenseNet, ResNet, InceptionV3, Xception, and VGG19 deep learning architectures were utilized for training the models. Accuracy, Precision, Recall, F1-Score, and ROC curves were used to evaluate all models. According to the experimental results, DenseNet and ResNet were the best-performing models with an accuracy of 70%, while VGG19 was the lowest-performing model with an accuracy of 60%.
Recreational Facilities for Leisure and Pleasure in Shopping Mall in Pakistan
Authors: Memon Reena Majid , Pasha Yasira Naeem , Iftakhar Nazia , Talpur Bushra Danish , Marri Sohrab Ahmed
Published: December 2022

Shopping is a social activity that takes on many forms in various cultures. The goal of this study is to portray modern shopping as a modified behaviour that is often practiced in shopping malls. It also tries to examine current buying behaviour in light of the recreational facilities available to customers. It refers to the use of a shopping mall for a variety of purposes, including ancillary services. To name a few, there is a food court, a play area, a fitness club, a five-dimensional (5D) movie theater, a Baby Chair, an atrium/exhibition hall, free Wi-Fi, and a cinema hall. These user-based amenities have arisen as distinguishing characteristics of shopping malls, emphasizing a mall's uniqueness. This study focuses on a few recreational facilities and then narrows down to recreational facilities sub-categories at a specific retail mall called Emerald Mall. The data is collected in a quantitative manner and presented statistically, with the findings analyzed using criteria relevant to shopping mall quality as a whole. The findings include the identification of inadequate facilities in the food court, play area, and fitness club. At first, there was a Jest five-dimensional (5D) movie theatre, but now it is not available. Furthermore, a baby chair, an atrium/exhibition hall, free Wi-Fi, and a cinema hall were missing.

According to the findings, the chosen mall requires improvement in a number of areas, while others are already established. The research establishes its contribution as provision of framework and modular analysis of selected study for contextual approach for development of architectural design. In order to solve the detected inconsistencies, the research also suggests design changes in the chosen mall.
House Price Prediction of Real Time Data (DHA Defence) Karachi Using Machine Learning
Authors: Gokalani Lata Bai , Das Bhagwan , Ramnani Dilip Kumar , Kumar Mahender , Shah Mazhar Ali
Published: December 2022

Pakistan’s real estate market has a large impact in GDP growth. Investment in real estate sector in Pakistan is encumbered with lucrative opportunities. The market demand for housing is ever increasing year by year. House sales prices keep on changing and increasing frequently, so there is a need for a system to forecast house sales prices in the future. Several factors that influence house sales price includes; location, physical attributes, number of bedrooms as well as several other economic factors. One of the main motivation of choosing Karachi for the house prediction is that Karachi is capital of Sindh and it has significant importance in country's economic as it is the major commercial and industrial center of Sindh. It is one of the main contribution of the work is that through this the house prediction model based on DHA Karachi data is developed and as per best of our knowledge till today there is no prediction of housing for the country’s important has been developed. has This research paper mainly focuses on real time Defense Housing Authority (DHA) Karachi data, applying different regression algorithms like Decision tree, Random forest and linear regression to find the sales price prediction of the house and compare the performance of these models. Random Forest algorithm gives 98% of accuracy. The proposed work will be very much helpful for the common people, real-estate people, investors and builders to inform them about making decision of selling or buying at Defense Housing Authority (DHA) Karachi.
Kleefstra syndrome combined with vesicoureteral reflux and rectourethral fistula: a case report and literature review
Authors: Lee Chae Won , Park Min Ji , Lee Eun Joo , Lee Sangyoon , Park Jinyoung , Lee Jun Nyung , Lee So Mi , Jeong Shin Young , Cho Min Hyun
Published: December 2022

Kleefstra syndrome is a rare genetic disease characterized by mental retardation, hypotonia, and a characteristic facial appearance. Furthermore, in some cases, Kleefstra syndrome is associated with various anorectal and genitourinary complications, including imperforated anus, vesicoureteral reflux, hydronephrosis, and chronic kidney disease. Herein, we present a case of Kleefstra syndrome with recurrent urinary tract infections associated with vesicoureteral reflux and rectourethral fistula, which was treated by a multidisciplinary approach.
AMR research: a perspective from personal experience
Authors: Kothari Vijay
Published: December 2022

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Holomorphically Planar Conformal Vector Field On Almost $\alpha $-Cosymplectic $(\kappa ,\mu )-$ Spaces
Authors: YILDIRIM Mustafa , AKTAN Nesip
Published: December 2022

The aim of the present paper is to study holomorphically planar conformal vector (HPCV) fields on almost α−α−cosymplectic (κ,μ)−(κ,μ)−spaces. This is done assuming various conditions such as i) UU is pointwise collinear with ξξ ( in this case, the integral manifold of the distribution DD is totally geodesic, or totally umbilical), ii) MM has a constant ξ−ξ−sectional curvature (under this condition the integral manifold of the distribution DD is totally geodesic (or totally umbilical) or the manifold is isometric to sphere S2n+1(√c)S2n+1(c) of radius 1√c1c), iii) MM an almost α−α−cosymplectic (κ,μ)−(κ,μ)−spaces ( in this case the manifold has constant curvature, or the integral manifold of the distribution DD is totally geodesic(or totally umbilical) or UU is an eigenvector of h).h).
ORIGIN AND FORMATION OF INFORMATION AND MEDIA STRUCTURES OF THE ARMED FORCES OF UKRAINE IN 1991-2014
Authors: PORONIUK Roman , HAPEIEVA Olha
Published: December 2022

The article considers the process of formation and transformation of public relations structures in a system of the Ministry of Defense of Ukraine: press centers in commands of families and types of troops (forces) of the Armed Forces of Ukraine, press services of operational commands, positions of divisional (brigade), as well as the accompanying process of optimizing the number of military printed periodicals in 1991–2014.

The main focus is on the study of the source complex of departmental organizational and administrative acts on the activities of public relations structures and documents stored in the personal archives of former employees of the press services of operational commands for the period determined by the chronological framework of scientific intelligence. Most sources were introduced into scientific circulation for the first time.

It has been investigated that Ukraine was one of the first countries of the former USSR to create a system of public relations in its own armed forces, which is evidence of the democratic path of development of our state. It is proved that despite the significant reduction in the number of military media and the constant search for the optimal model of information and media support of military construction activities in Ukraine managed to retain highly qualified journalists and further ensure the implementation of assigned tasks.

Keywords
Armed Forces of Ukraine, mass media, public relations, military press, media, information war, press service.
READING INTERESTS OF UKRAINIAN YOUTH IN HALYCHYNA IN THE LATE 19th – THE BEGINNING OF THE 20th CENTURY
Authors: HANUSYN Olena
Published: December 2022

The study, based on memoirs, analyzes readers' interests, the role of reading, and the culture of reading of Ukrainian youth in the early 20th century. In the memoirs, there are not mentioned all the literature one read during one's studies, but mostly only some individual works. The most readable works and genres have been outlined, including works on Ukrainian literature and history, adventure novels, socialist literature, humorous magazines, and brochures on puberty. Emphasis is placed on the fact that «extracurricular» reading or informal reading had, first of all, a self-educational goal, in those areas that were of interest to young people or those that were not taught in schools, i.e. satisfied intellectual needs. Foreign literature was read mainly in Polish translations. An essential group of authors read by high school students were Polish classics A. Mickiewicz, J. Slovatsky, J. Kraszewski, and G. Mickiewicz, who were also included in the school curriculum. The most often mentioned in memoirs Ukrainian writers were T. Shevchenko, P. Kulish, M. Kostomarov, H. Kvitka-Osnovianko, I. Franko.

Ukrainian youth received books from scientific, public, and private libraries, in pupils' and students' societies, borrowed, and bought very infrequently. The school tried to control students' extracurricular reading by using punishment. If you read a certain genre of literature (mostly radical socialist), you could be expelled from a real school, gymnasium, or university. «Undesirable» literature included satirical works, romance novels, detective stories, and forensics.

Keywords
readers' interests, literature, high school and university students, Halychyna.
Metodologia para Resolução de Problemas Trigonométrico
Authors: Paulo Paulo Silva
Published: December 2022

Este estudo reflete a metodologia para a resolução de problemas trigonométrico no Instituto Superior Técnico Militar de Luanda, República de Angola. Nesta pesquisa a problemática estudada teve como objectivo a elaboração de uma estratégia metodológica que visou o contributo do pesquisador na melhoria do processo de ensino-aprendizagem de resolução de problemas aplicando a trigonometria nos cursos de Engenharia. A abordagem metodológica para elaboração da pesquisa é quantitativa-qualitativa (mista). Para a fundamentação teórica foi feita análise e interpretação suscinta das principais obras sobre resolução de problemas com destaque a de Polya. Os resultados e as conclusões permitiram identificar as dificuldades dos cadetes e docentes, bem como gizou-se uma proposta de estratégia metodológica.
PENGEMBANGAN MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN SPARKOL VIDEOSCRIBE UNTUK MENULIS TEKS FABEL KELAS VII SMP NEGERI 42 PALEMBANG
Authors: Supriyadi Supriyadi , Lidyawati Yenni , Majid Al
Published: December 2022

This study aims to determine the needs of teachers and students for fable text learning media using Sparkol Videoscribe, designing learning media, and appropriate learning media. This study uses research and development methods using research and development steps Sugiyono. Data collection techniques in this study used interview techniques, questionnaires, and assessment sheets. The source of the data for this research is the seventh grade students of SMP Negeri 42 Palembang. The results of the study are that teachers and students need learning media based on Sparkol VideoScribe to foster students' motivation and interest in writing and help students learn independently. The developed media includes general structure, linguistic features, and steps to write a fable text. The learning media validity test was validated by media experts with a score of 3.50, material experts with a score of 3.67, and linguists with a score of 3.00 with a maximum score of 4.00. Based on the results of the research, the learning media for writing fables based on Sparkol Videoscribe is feasible and suitable to be tested in learning to write fables.
PENGARUH TERAPI BOARD GAME TERHADAP FUNGSI KOGNITIF PADA LANSIA DI PSTW SABAI NAN ALUIH SICINCIN TAHUN 2022
Authors: Ayuni Dini Qurrata , Yenni Yenni , Audiva Rizka Nada
Published: December 2022

One of the health problems that often occurs in the elderly is a decline in cognitive function. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), in 2015, there were 35.6 million elderly people worldwide experiencing cognitive function disorders. Cognitive function includes the process of learning, perception, understanding, understanding, attention, and others, causing the reaction and behavior of the elderly to become slower. The prevalence of the elderly in Indonesia is included in the top five countries with the largest number of elderly people in the world, reaching 18.1 million people in 2010 to 28.8 million in 2020, or doubled (36 million) in 2025. West Sumatra Province has an elderly population reaching 44,403 people. In PSTW the population is 110. The purpose of the study was to determine the effect of playing the Dakon board game therapy on the cognitive function of the elderly.The research method is a quasi experiment using a pre and post test approach without a control design. This research was carried out at PSTW Sabai Nan Aluih Sicincin, the time of the study was from August-September 2022. The population in this study were all patients who were treated, totaling 110 people and the technique was sampling used purposive sampling. Collecting data by guided interviews, with the number of respondents 16 people. The data were then processed computerized and analyzed univariately in the form of frequency distribution and bivariate analysis using paired sample t test statistic test with p value < 0.05.The results showed that the average cognitive function before the intervention was 1.25 and after the intervention was 2.44. The result of p value obtained is 0.000, this means that there is a significant influence between cognitive function before and after the intervention.It is recommended for health workers at PSTW Sicincin to make this therapy as a procedure in overcoming the decline in cognitive function in the elderly. It is recommended for further researchers to continue this research using a control group.