bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Validation of scenario modelling for bridge loading
Authors: OBrien Eugene J. , Leahy Cathal , Enright Bernard , Caprani Colin C.
Published: October 2016

Accurate estimates of characteristic bridge load effects are required for efficient design and assessment of bridges, and long-run traffic simulations are an effective method for estimating the effects. For multi-lane same-direction traffic, truck weights and locations on the bridge are correlated and this affects the calculated load effects. Scenario Modelling is a recently developed method, which uses weigh-in-motion data to simulate multi-lane same-direction traffic while maintaining location and weight correlations. It has been unclear however, whether the method may produce unrealistic driver behaviour when extrapolating beyond the weigh-in-motion measuring period. As weighin-motion databases with more than about a year of data are not available, a microsimulation traffic model, which can simulate driver behaviour, is used here to assess the accuracy of extrapolating traffic effects using Scenario Modelling. The microsimulation is used to generate an extended reference dataset against which the results of Scenario Modelling are compared. It is found that the characteristic load effects obtained using Scenario Modelling compare well with the reference dataset. As a result, for the first time researchers and practitioners can model two-lane same-direction traffic loading on bridges while being confident that the approach is generating accurate estimates of characteristic load effects as well as effectively reproducing the complex traffic correlations involved.
FUNDAMENTAL PARAMETERS OF MAIN-SEQUENCE STARS IN AN INSTANT WITH MACHINE LEARNING
Authors: Bellinger Earl P. , Angelou George C. , Hekker Saskia , Basu Sarbani , Ball Warrick H. , Guggenberger Elisabeth
Published: October 2016

Owing to the remarkable photometric precision of space observatories like Kepler, stellar and planetary systems beyond our own are now being characterized en masse for the first time. These characterizations are pivotal for endeavors such as searching for Earth-like planets and solar twins, understanding the mechanisms that govern stellar evolution, and tracing the dynamics of our Galaxy. The volume of data that is becoming available, however, brings with it the need to process this information accurately and rapidly. While existing methods can constrain fundamental stellar parameters such as ages, masses, and radii from these observations, they require substantial computational effort to do so. We develop a method based on machine learning for rapidly estimating fundamental parameters of main-sequence solar-like stars from classical and asteroseismic observations. We first demonstrate this method on a hare-and-hound exercise and then apply it to the Sun, 16 Cyg A and B, and 34 planet-hosting candidates that have been observed by the Kepler spacecraft. We find that our estimates and their associated uncertainties are comparable to the results of other methods, but with the additional benefit of being able to explore many more stellar parameters while using much less computation time. We furthermore use this method to present evidence for an empirical diffusion–mass relation. Our method is open source and freely available for the community to use.6
Hybrid Warfare - Cases of Croatia and Ukraine
Authors: Jozić Jugoslav , Barić Slavko , Barić Robert
Published: October 2016

Despite the attempts of labeling hybrid warfare as a new form of warfare or even as a factor that is changing the nature of war, hybrid warfare is part of a war from the Antiquity to the present day. The essence of hybrid warfare is in parallel use of regular and irregular military forcesand different means of pressure by a power unwilling to openly attack a weaker opponent. Information dimension is analyzed in the cases of hybrid warfare against Croatia (1990-91) and Ukraine (2014). In both cases the key target of hybrid warfare was social cohesion of the attacked countries. In the Croatian case, despite a strong propaganda campaign followed by the direct and indirect use of military force, the attacking side was unable to break social cohesion of the majority of Croatia's population. In the Ukrainian case, the lack of social cohesion has prevented organization of the efficient response to hybrid warfare waged by the Russian Federation. Both cases also indicate the significance of national identity in preserving a society's social cohesion.
Journal d’un corps
Authors: Salmona Sarah
Published: October 2016

Malgré la soupe et les verres de lait, mon corps et moi avons eu bien du mal à grandir au même rythme. Comment s’élever lorsque le handicap vous retient dans l’enfance et la dépendance ? Comment faire avancer celui qui ne pense qu’à reculer ? Nous avons rencontré beaucoup d’obstacles, mon corps et moi, mais nous avons compris, qu’au cours d’une vie, rien ne pouvait en réalité empêcher un être de grandir et de devenir. Mon corps ne suivait pas bien la courbe mais mon esprit voulait gravir des montagnes. J’ai bien essayé de laisser ce corps capricieux sur le bas-côté mais je n’arrivais pas à faire un pas sans lui. Il a bien fallu nous réconcilier et ne faire plus qu’un pour pouvoir aller toujours plus loin…
Grandir et quitter un camsp en 2016
Authors: Jeannin Catherine , de Courson Françoise , Lopez Nathalie , Baron-Quillevere Michèle
Published: October 2016

Plus de dix ans après la promulgation de la loi pour l’égalité des chances et la citoyenneté des personnes handicapées, des médecins et directeurs de camsp exposent leurs constatations sur le terrain au sujet de l’accompagnement des enfants qui grandissent et quittent le camsp . Des avancées significatives ont été observées en termes de moyens humains, de structures, mais des pesanteurs administratives, des projets d’équipes n’évoluant pas au même rythme que la société et les besoins des enfants et de leurs familles et probablement des freins sociétaux, politiques et psychologiques ont encore de graves répercussions sur l’accueil et les modalités d’éducation et de soins de certains enfants. Les familles de quelques-uns d’entre eux, dès l’âge de 4 ans, le plus souvent parmi ceux qui ont le plus de difficultés, ne trouvent pas ou très laborieusement de solutions adaptées en termes de socialisation, d’éducation ou de soins. Ces situations génèrent stress, angoisse, incompréhension, perte de temps préjudiciables au bien-être de l’enfant et à ses progrès et in fine sont totalement antinomiques avec les préconisations de la loi. Le développement de mesures, souvent simples et de bon sens, que les acteurs de terrain voient mises en œuvre mais hélas de manière insuffisante et pas toujours concertée ni adaptée aux besoins locaux, devraient permettre que chaque enfant « autrement capable » ait sa place dans la société, permettant à tous, de façon corollaire, d’apprendre la différence et la tolérance.
Les pubertés chez les jeunes porteurs d’un handicap mental
Authors: Vaginay Denis
Published: October 2016

Les personnes en situation de handicap mental semblaient destinées à rester d’éternels enfants, caractérisés notamment par une sexualité infantile, relativement indifférenciée et non génitalisée. Du fait de singularités que l’on pensait intrinsèques à leur handicap et malgré la variété de ce dernier, elles n’accédaient jamais à une problématique œdipienne. Pourtant, elles étaient toutes, ou presque, pubères sur le plan biologique, à un âge cohérent avec celui de leurs pairs non handicapés. Depuis une quinzaine d’années, elles sont de plus en plus nombreuses à présenter une dynamique adolescente, observable au sein des institutions qui les accueillent, prouvant ainsi qu’elles sont capables de s’inscrire dans une recherche identitaire au cours de laquelle elles se situent dans les différences sexuée et générationnelle et capables d’exprimer leurs désirs. Les changements sociaux qui ont permis cet avènement devraient être appuyés et généralisés pour parfaire leurs effets et toucher aussi les enfants les plus démunis, le plus tôt possible dans leur vie.
Grandir avec un handicap : la transition adolescente
Authors: Écotière Marie-Anne , Pivry Sophie , Scelles Régine
Published: October 2016

Adolescence et handicap, deux termes qui se questionnent mutuellement du fait des interrogations anxieuses que recouvre, pour les jeunes en situation de handicap, le devenir adulte. Or la clinique nous montre que les jeunes déficients, malgré les entraves auxquelles ils sont confrontés, peuvent mener à bien ce processus, en empruntant parfois des voies détournées. Dans cet article, nous questionnons, en nous appuyant sur notre pratique clinique et de recherche auprès d’adolescents déficients intellectuels et d’adolescents déficients moteurs, et à partir de vignettes, les effets du handicap sur le processus d’adolescence. Le handicap est envisagé du côté des limitations motrices et cognitives, mais plus globalement dans la prise en compte des expériences de stigmatisation qu’il fait vivre au sujet et à son environnement. Nous exposons ses incidences potentielles sur le groupe famille, les parents mais aussi la fratrie, ses effets possibles en termes de dépendance et de souffrance psychique pour les adolescents. Cet article permet de mettre en évidence, au-delà des entraves rencontrées, les moyens et les ressources dont disposent ces jeunes pour permettre la mise en œuvre du travail intrapsychique et intersubjectif maturatif relatif à ce processus et ainsi se projeter comme devenant adulte. La dynamique intersubjective est explorée à travers les divers liens familiaux, extrafamiliaux, électifs et affiliatifs, en étai sur les trajectoires singulières des différents jeunes évoqués dans cet article.
Paris, capitale des abeilles ?
Authors: Sagnes Sylvie
Published: October 2016

Le succès que remporte aujourd’hui l’apiculture en milieu urbain est en passe de ramener Paris au rang de « capitale des abeilles ». Autrefois capitale du monde, la ville se fait « petite capitale », semblable à toutes celles qui s’affirment à l’heure de la globalisation. D’un destin de capitale l’autre, a‑t‑on bien affaire à un revirement de l’histoire ? L’analyse des sources littéraires et ethnographiques permet de saisir, en contrepoint de l’image d’une hyper‑capitale, celle d’une localité comme une autre.
La transparence des institutions
Authors: Lamy Jérôme , Plutniak Sébastien
Published: October 2016

Cet article identifie deux programmes d’extension disciplinaire en sciences sociales, fondés sur une redéfinition du statut accordé aux objets : en sociologie, en niant la distinction entre humain et non‑humain ; en archéologie, en introduisant le concept d’« objet‑mémoire », qui intègre l’interaction sociale et les processus mémoriels. Leur discussion est menée à partir d’une ethnographie des contenants usuels d’un laboratoire de biologie. Les marques apposées à leurs surfaces permettent l’analyse conjointe des ensembles d’artefacts, de leur textualité, des processus d’institutionnalisation et de la stratification sociale du laboratoire. Aux ambitions expansionnistes, on oppose une ethnographie des techniques fondée sur la technologie culturelle.
L’aménagement des zones portuaires languedociennes aux XVII e et XVIII e siècles
Authors: Durand Stéphane
Published: October 2016

Sur la côte du Languedoc, l’Époque moderne fut un temps de construction d’équipements portuaires de grande ampleur, mettant en jeu des sommes colossales. Sur cette côte basse, où les villes portuaires maritimes ne se situaient pas en front de mer, il fut question de créer des avant-ports, plus ou moins bien articulés aux villes existantes, ou d’adapter les anciens ports à l’évolution des trafics. Toutes les greffes ne prirent pas et tous les ports ne furent pas également secourus, avec de lourdes conséquences sur le développement des villes. En effet, plusieurs logiques étaient confrontées empiriquement : tandis que chaque communauté comptait traditionnellement sur ses propres – et maigres – forces, la politique colbertiste du pouvoir royal investissait massivement, mais seulement dans quelques lieux du littoral, au détriment des autres. L’assemblées des états de Languedoc se révéla alors comme le lieu d’ajustement des divers intérêts en présence et les villes furent désormais contraintes d’imaginer leur place dans ce nouveau cadre institutionnel et financier.
La topographie religieuse de Rhodes à l’époque des Chevaliers de Saint-Jean 1309-1522
Authors: Maglio Emma
Published: October 2016

L’article porte sur les églises de Rhodes, afin d’ajouter des données nouvelles ainsi que de clarifier les dynamiques entre bâtiments et espace urbain : il s’agit notamment de mettre en relation la forma urbis avec la distribution des églises, en évaluant également leurs types architecturaux, à partir d’un corpus de sources diverses. Localiser et différencier les lieux de culte urbains permet d’identifier les éléments de continuité et de transformation dans la subdivision de l’espace bâti et religieux, à la suite de l’installation d’une élite catholique latine dans une ville grecque. Les bâtiments sont présentés par rapport au tissu urbain et à l’agrandissement de l’enceinte, nous amenant au constat que les lieux de culte étaient subordonnés aux exigences du pouvoir laïc. Enfin, une analyse quantitative nous permet de mieux définir le rapport entre le culte grec et le culte latin en ville, ainsi que d’amorcer une réflexion autour des contrade et des paroisses, un sujet qui reste peu exploré.
La préservation de l’image de la ville à Strasbourg aux prémices du XX e siècle
Authors: Eberhardt Sophie
Published: October 2016

Le patrimoine architectural et urbain, quelque soit la définition que l’on donne à cette notion de part et d’autre du Rhin, relève à la fois du domaine le plus concret (préserver ou laisser à l’abandon) et le plus symbolique (circonscrire le périmètre d’une « communauté imaginaire », au sens conféré par Benedict Anderson. Les constructions ainsi que les objets d’étude, de protection et de valorisation à Strasbourg lorsque l’Alsace-Lorraine est rattachée à l’Empire allemand (1871- 1918) révèlent pour une part que la politique de préservation de l’image de la ville trouve son origine dans le croisement des cultures françaises et allemandes, ainsi que dans la relecture de la culture locale, résultat de l’influence du mouvement Heimatschutz .
Behavioral Symptoms of Dementia that Present Management Difficulties in Nursing Homes: Staff Perceptions and Their Concordance With Informant Scales
Authors: Davison Tanya E. , McCabe Marita P. , Bird Michael , Mellor David , MacPherson Sarah , Hallford David , Seedy Melissa , O'Connor Daniel W.
Published: October 2016

The current study aimed to profile behaviors associated with dementia that pose management difficulties for staff and determine whether existing rating scales capture these reported behaviors. Staff in 17 nursing homes described the behavioral symptoms of 229 residents with predominantly moderate-severe dementia associated with management difficulties. Behaviors were categorized by an expert clinical panel and compared to items in four dementia behavior rating scales. Staff reported 59 discrete behavioral symptoms, with physically agitated, aggressive verbal, non-aggressive verbal, and aggressive physical behaviors most common, followed by resistance to care and inappropriate social and sexual behaviors. Results suggested that some scales omit important behaviors reported by staff for residents with particularly challenging behaviors. The current study highlights the clinical complexity faced by nursing home staff in managing residents with behavioral symptoms of dementia. [
Journal of Gerontological Nursing, 43
(1), 34–43.]
Life Experiences of Caring for Pets Among Taiwanese Community-Dwelling Older Adults: Pets as an Integral Part of the Family and Beyond
Authors: Yang Chia-Ling , Lee Chun-Ming , Tsao Lee-Ing
Published: October 2016

The purpose of the current study was to use grounded theory to explore the experiences of caring for pets from the perspective of Taiwanese community-dwelling older adults. Twelve participants ages 65 to 73 were interviewed. Data were analyzed using the constant comparative method of qualitative analysis.
Pets as an integral part of the family unit and beyond
was the core category.
The pet becomes part of my family
was identified as the antecedent condition; this process undertakes action and interaction among the categories of
the pet is part of my daily life
,
the pet provides positive life energy
, and
the pet is a sweet companion
. Older adults believe caring for pets can bring them self-affirmation and lead them to blessings and luck. The results provide a framework to understand the experiences of older adults who reside with their pets, and serve as a guide for the design of animal-assisted therapy in future research and practice. [
Journal of Gerontological Nursing
,
43
(1), 44–49.]
Gestión, protección y despoblación en las Reservas de la Biosfera de la Cordillera Cantábrica
Authors: Santos González J. , Redondo Vega J. M.
Published: October 2016

Se analiza la situación actual de las Reservas de la Biosfera de la Cordillera Cantábrica, en especial las relaciones que tienen con los Espacios Naturales Protegidos, con los que a menudo coinciden, las relativas a sus órganos de gestión y a uno de sus principales problemas actuales: su dinámica demográfica negativa que ha desembocado en una intensa despoblación y envejecimiento. Aunque se han declarado doce reservas, aún hay muchas zonas que potencialmente lo podían ser, por lo que aún se está lejos de una Reserva de la Biosfera de la Gran Cantábrica. La gestión es dispar de unas autonomías a otras, pues la realiza la administración regional en Asturias, la provincial en Galicia y la administración local en Castilla y León. La despoblación es uno de los fenómenos más graves que sufren casi todas las reservas cantábricas y como proceso aún no se ha detenido. El estatus de Reserva de la Biosfera debe encontrar aún su lugar en el marco de otras figuras que sí son claramente de protección. En general, se remarca la importancia de separar esta figura de otras más consolidadas referidas a Espacios Naturales Protegidos, así como el grave proceso de envejecimiento y despoblación que manifiestan sus territorios.
Enterprise Mobility Reference Architecture
Authors: Richardson Laura , Mukherjea Sougata
Published: October 2016

The smart phone has become one of the most important devices in our day to day lives. Mobility is also impacting business significantly and most enterprises are providing services to facilitate the mobile workforce. This chapter introduces an enterprise mobility reference architecture. The architecture highlights the key aspects of enterprise mobility such as platform and application development, end user support, collaboration, virtualization, mobile security, monitoring and mobile analytics. The architecture is presented from several viewpoints to cater to different needs of clients. The relationship of the mobile architecture to a cloud reference architecture is also explained. Finally, a use case to demonstrate how a real world scenario maps to the architecture is also discussed.
Community Cloud
Authors: Marzantowicz Karolina , Paciorkowski Łukasz
Published: October 2016

Should you turn to a public or private cloud solution? Discussions prizing the first or the second option are endless. Public cloud means flexibility, unlimited scalability, frictionless consumption and less worry for your CIO. On the other hand, private cloud gives you full control over the environment and keeps your data close to you, preferably under your nose—or at least within the borders of your country. Public cloud is relatively cheap, while a private cloud might get pricey. But what if neither of those two options fit your needs? You may not trust public cloud providers, but at the same time you are searching for the way to cut through complexity of the private cloud. The answer to your needs might be a community cloud.
Workload Migration to Cloud
Authors: Thio Choong , Cook Jim
Published: October 2016

Workload migration to cloud is a critical area in increasing the adoption of cloud. In order to fully leverage the power of cloud computing, clients need to determine what workloads and applications are good candidates in the cloud and migrate them quickly and in an efficient manner into the cloud. The main goal of this chapter is to explore and study how workloads can be migrated into cloud. In addition, this chapter will also describe the overall end-to-end process for cloud migration and its resulting benefits.
Uses and Abuses of Ranking in University Strategic Planning
Authors: Wint Zaw , Downing Kevin
Published: October 2016

The ranking of higher education institutions is a growing phenomenon around the world, with ranking systems in place in more than 40 countries. The emergence of world ranking systems that compare higher education institutions across national boundaries and the proliferation of these since the past decade, are indeed a reality now, and are already exerting substantial influence on both short and long term developments of higher education institutions. Rankings are being used by a variety of stakeholders for different purposes. Rankings are no doubt, useful for fostering institutional strategic planning and management, and their communication externally as well as their own institutional community and the national interest.
How Students Choose the University
Authors: Kanonire Tatjana
Published: October 2016

The aim of this chapter is to provide a literature overview about factors that affect students' choice of university. All factors can be divided in two types – individual or personal characteristics of students and institutional factors. Individual characteristics include students' age, gender, ethnicity, family background, ability, interests and motivation. Institutional factors describe university ranking, reputation, potential outcomes and benefits for students, as well as geographical location and costs for student (tuition fee, financial aid and scholarship). The combination of students' individual characteristics determines university choice. However, the quality of teaching, reputation and ranking of university are the most influential characteristic of university.
Embedded Colonial Power
Authors: Gonzales Leslie D. , Waugaman Chelsea
Published: October 2016

In this chapter, we carry forward the work of Gonzales and Núñez by analyzing one specific component of the ranking regime—global ranking systems—to consider how they impact the recognition of knowledge, knowers, and the production of knowledge within academia—issues and activities that are at the heart of faculty work. Using insights from Critical Policy Analysis and Anti-colonial theory, we find that global ranking systems create limits concerning the recognition of knowledge and knowers by: 1) a reliance on Western modes of legitimization; 2) rewarding those that achieve celebrity, massive reach on the basis of numerically calculated impact; and 3) equating knowers to resource generators and knowledge as something that is fundable. Implications for practice and future research are offered.
University Rankingphilia and Phobia
Authors: Okebukola Peter Akinsola
Published: October 2016

The world over, there is a love-hate perspective to university ranking. It is applause when the university is well ranked and rejection when not so favoured. The group with positive disposition to ranking (“rankingphilic”) is quick to cite its ranks on websites and annual reports. The negatively disposed (“rankingphobic”), on the other hand denounces the methodology and emerging league tables. This chapter reviewed developments in higher education ranking/rating in Africa with special focus on Nigeria and the African Quality Rating Mechanism. It addressed accountability issues and the uses to which ranking/rating should be put in bolstering the quality of the higher education system in the region. It presents the findings of an Africa regional study which addressed two questions: What is the perception of African scholars, university managers and students on ranking? What are the arguments in favour or against ranking by stakeholders in the university community in Africa? It concludes with several future scenarios on ranking/rating in the region.
Educating Pre-Service and Novice Teachers on the Best Practices for Curriculum Integration of Web 2.0 Tools and Instructional Technology
Authors: Conway Thomas Robert
Published: October 2016

This chapter explores the use of Web 2.0 technology by pre-service and novice teachers. It explores in particular the use of Blogs, Social Media Networks, and Wikis. For each Web 2.0 technology tool, a discussion about the appropriate use and potential problems ensues. The focus of the chapter is to present the potential ethical concerns for pre-service and novice teachers in the use of Web 2.0 technologies. Additionally, some frameworks are suggested in helping teacher preparation programs educate their candidates on the use of Web 2.0 technologies. A resource of possible Web 2.0 technologies is included at the end of the chapter.
Developing Professional Ethics
Authors: Dreon Oliver
Published: October 2016

In this chapter, the development of the Educator Ethics and Conduct Toolkit (EECT) will be examined. The EECT was created as part of a comprehensive initiative for developing Professional Ethics for preservice and new teachers across the state. Rather than examine educator ethics from a philosophical point of view, the EECT is a practical, scenario-based curriculum which helps beginning teachers examine their fiduciary responsibilities and analyze ethical decision-making in authentic contexts. Utilizing a case study approach, the chapter examines the overall instructional design, development and implementation of the curricular materials.
In Search of Elements to Organize Assessments Remotely in Distance Learning
Authors: Callens Jean Claude , Elen Jan
Published: October 2016

The focus in this contribution is the challenge to develop an efficient and effective learning environment for student teachers, especially with respect to the remote organization of assessment and the remote support of internship for students who follow a distance education program. For both aspects it is examined whether the used methodologies/approaches are in line with the perceptions of different stakeholders (students/lecturers/supervisors). The results reveal that 1) the methodology/approach used to take an exam remotely is in line with perceptions of students, but 2) not all lecturers seem to be convinced about the necessity to give students in distance education control on time, pace and place to take their exams; and they have worries about the workload. Further, the participants perceive a highly led anticipatory reflection assignment as a good instrument to support internship remotely and it seems to be an efficient instrument to support remotely an internship of student teachers. Recommendations are restricted to some suggestions for further research on both aspects.
Creating Digital Safe Spaces for Gender Expression and Sexual Diversity
Authors: Justice Lenora Jean , Hooker Steven D.
Published: October 2016

A school is where individuals go to learn regardless of their ethnicity, physical appearance, physical and/or mental abilities, gender, or sexual orientation. The lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and questioning (LGBTQ) population of students generally face discrimination and/or misunderstanding in diverse groups of students. This chapter is designed to help educators better recognize this group of individuals and to ensure their right to a safe learning environment. Additionally, this chapter includes advice for educators to help students better understand personal sharing in the digital world, in dealing with and preventing cyberbullying, and with creating digital safe spaces for everyone, including LGBTQ students. Advice for preventing and dealing with cyberbullying is also included for administrators, parents, and students.
A Review on Fabricating Procedures in Rapid Prototyping
Authors: Suresh Ganzi , Narayana K. L.
Published: October 2016

Rapid prototyping (RP) advancements are in light of the rule of making three-dimensional geometries straightforwardly from computer aided design (CAD) by stacking two-dimensional profiles on top of one another. Rapid manufacturing (RM) is the utilization of rapid prototyping advancements to make end-utilize or completed items. Aside from the ordinary assembling methods which are utilized for quite a while assembling of an item, added substance assembling methodologies have picked up force in the late years. The explanation for this is that these techniques don't oblige extraordinary tooling and don't evacuate material which is exceptionally advantageous really taking shape of a segment. Rapid manufacturing is the developing innovation in assembling commercial ventures with a specific end goal to create the model inside the less time and expense effective. In this paper we talked about a portion of the fast assembling advancements in light of the sort of crude material is utilized for the procedures, applications, preferences and limits.
Práticas e representações da educação física escolar em diários de classe em Sinop - MT (1979-2009)
Authors: Cruz Claudemir Gomes da , Moreira Evando Carlos
Published: October 2016

O presente artigo tem como objetivo identificar características das aulas de Educação Física da Escola Estadual Nilza de Oliveira Pipino, em Sinop, MT, registradas nos diários de classe entre o período de 1979 e 2009. Para tanto, realizou-se uma pesquisa histórica, do tipo documental, identificando as principais descrições nos diários de classe de turmas de Educação Física. Constatou-se que houve evolução no desenvolvimento das aulas, mas esta se apresentou em menor escala quando comparadas a evolução conceitual da área, visto que é notório o descompasso entre novos debates e propostas e o que ocorreu durante o período histórico estabelecido. Foi possível ainda, identificar fortes ranços tecnicistas nas práticas descritas.
Influência de uma intervenção utilizando a prática variada e em blocos no desempenho das habilidades de controle de objetos
Authors: Van Keulen Guilherme Eugênio , Benda Rodolfo Novellino , Ugrinowitsch Herbert , Valentini Nádia Cristina , Krebs Ruy Jornada
Published: October 2016

Baseado no Efeito da Interferência Contextual (EIC), investigou-se a influência de uma intervenção motora no desempenho das habilidades de controle de objetos. Participaram 60 crianças de seis e sete anos, alocadas em três grupos: prática randômica (GR), prática em blocos (GB), grupo controle (GC). As habilidades foram testadas com o Test of Gross Motor Development - 2 (TGMD-2). O delineamento experimental incluiu os períodos: pré-teste, sessões práticas (12), pós-teste. Da intervenção participaram, GR e GB. A análise descritiva demonstrou desempenho adequado das crianças, conforme o TGMD-2. No pós-teste, o teste de Kruskal-Wallis detectou diferença significativa entre grupos. O teste de Mann-Whitney indicou que GR foi superior a GB. Na análise intragrupos o teste de Wilcoxon mostrou melhora significativa em GR (p = 0,0004) e GB (p = 0,004). Concluímos que a intervenção melhorou o desempenho motor das habilidades de controle de objetos, e GR apresentou o melhor desempenho no pós-teste.
Ensino dos esportes coletivos de invasão no ambiente escolar: da teoria à prática na perspectiva de um modelo híbrido
Authors: Costa Luciane Cristina Arantes da , Nascimento Juarez Vieira do , Vieira Lenamar Fiorese
Published: October 2016

Este estudo teve como objetivo estruturar e realizar um programa de intervenção do ensino dos esportes coletivos de invasão (futsal, basquetebol e handebol) verificando sua viabilidade pedagógica no ambiente escolar. Participaram da investigação duas turmas do ensino fundamental (6º e 7º ano) de uma escola pública do estado do Paraná. O processo de intervenção pedagógica foi realizado após a elaboração do planejamento das unidades didáticas, tendo como referência os princípios do Modelo Desenvolvimentista (MD) e do Modelo de Educação Desportiva (MED), denominado de modelo híbrido. As aulas foram fotografadas e filmadas e as unidades didáticas foram previamente estruturadas a partir de lógica de dificuldade crescente. A análise dos dados considerou as informações do diário de campo e as imagens das aulas (fotografia e filmagem), por meio de narrativa pessoal e códigos de análise. As evidências demonstraram que o modelo híbrido de ensino (MD-MED) pode ser viável na realidade investigada apesar das dificuldades estruturais encontradas, compreendendo uma importante alternativa aos modelos tradicionais de ensino dos esportes coletivos.
Diferentes métodos de treinamento com pesos alteram o apetite de adultos jovens?
Authors: Dos Prazeres Thaliane Mayara Pessôa , Aniceto Rodrigo Ramalho , Barros Tércio Araújo do Rêgo , Lima Fábio Fellipe Martins de , Guerra Ricardo Luís Fernandes , Prado Wagner Luiz do
Published: October 2016

Este estudo verificou os efeitos de diferentes métodos de treinamento com pesos sobre a sensação de fome de homens fisicamente ativos. Amostra foi composta por 10 homens, com idades entre 18 e 29 anos. Foram realizadas duas sessões experimentais com wash out de sete dias: no MC os exercícios foram realizados alternados por segmento em forma de estações, enquanto que durante o MT os exercícios foram realizados em séries consecutivas. Ambos os métodos tiveram o mesmo trabalho total. A sensação de fome e perspectiva do consumo alimentar foram coletados nos momentos: basal, IAS e 1hora. Foi identificada diferença apenas entre os momentos (p<0,05), não havendo diferença entre métodos ou efeito de interação (p>0,05). Assim, conclui-se que os métodos de TP não alteraram a sensação de fome e a perspectiva de consumo alimentar, porém nota-se que a magnitude de elevação foi maior no MT.Palavras-chave: Treinamento de resistência; Fome; Ingestão alimentar.
Influência do treinamento físico aeróbio nos marcadores séricos de estresse oxidativo em ratos diabéticos
Authors: Pereira Aron Silva , Spagnol Alexandre Roverati , Luciano Eliete , Leme José Alexandre Curiacos de Almeida
Published: October 2016

Para verificar o efeito do exercício físico sobre biomarcadores de estresse oxidativo em sangue de ratos diabéticos foram utilizados 40 ratos Wistar distribuídos nos grupos controle, treinado, diabéticos e diabéticos treinado. O treinamento físico consistiu de natação 1 hora/dia, 5 dias/semana por 8 semanas. O diabetes foi induzido utilizando aloxana (32mg/kg) Foram analisados os parâmetros séricos: glicose, colesterol, triglicerídeos, proteína c reativa, catalase, superóxido dismutase (SOD) e malondialdeído (MDA). O diabetes aumentou as concentrações séricas de glicose e MDA, porém diminuiu as atividades da SOD e catalase. O treinamento físico reduziu os níveis séricos de glicemia, colesterol e aumentou MDA e catalase nos animais diabéticos. A atividade da SOD nos animais diabéticos foi menor que nos controles, sendo este parâmetro recuperado pelo treinamento físico. Não houve diferenças significativas nos demais parâmetros estudados. Pode ser concluído que o treinamento físico foi eficaz em amenizar a glicemia e amenizar o estresse oxidativo.
Prática habitual de atividade física, hábitos alimentares, modulação autonômica e indicadores antropométricos estão associados à prevalência de pressão arterial elevada?
Authors: Lombardi Gisele , Fernandes Rômulo Araújo , Christofaro Diego Destro , Casonatto Juliano
Published: October 2016

Objetivo: Analisar a associação entre pressão arterial elevada, obesidade geral e abdominal, indicadores de atuação autonômica, prática habitual de atividade física e hábitos alimentares na rede pública de ensino de Londrina/PR. Métodos: Foram avaliados 189 sujeitos (75 masculino e 114 feminino), com idade entre 10 e 17 anos. Foram realizadas avaliações antropométricas, além da pressão arterial de repouso, atuação autonômica, hábitos alimentares e prática habitual de atividade física. O teste qui-quadrado foi aplicado para verificar associações da pressão arterial (variável dependente) com as demais variáveis. Aplicou-se também a regressão de Poisson para identificação da magnitude da associação. Resultados: Obesidade e obesidade abdominal foram associadas à pressão arterial elevada. Indivíduos com obesidade abdominal obtiveram 2,3 vezes mais chance (P=0,002) de apresentarem pressão arterial elevada. Conclusão: Adolescentes com obesidade abdominal possuem aproximadamente duas vezes mais chances de apresentarem pressão arterial elevada, independente dos níveis de obesidade.
Influência do conhecimento tático processual no comportamento tático durante diferentes pequenos jogos no futebol
Authors: Praça Gibson Moreira , Costa Cícero Luciano Alves , Falconi Frederico , Andrade André Gustavo Pereira de , Chagas Mauro Heleno , Greco Pablo Juan
Published: October 2016

Este estudo comparou o comportamento tático de jogadores de futebol com diferentes níveis de conhecimento tático processual (CTP) durante Pequenos Jogos (PJ) praticados com superioridade numérica. Dezoito atletas de futebol do sexo masculino configuraram seis equipes de três jogadores cada, três delas compostas pelos atletas com maior desempenho no teste de CTP e as outras três equipes constituídas pelos jogadores com menor desempenho. Realizaram-se seis dias de coleta, totalizando 24 séries de jogos de 4 minutos de PJ. Utilizou-se ANOVA Two-way (grupo x jogo) para análise dos dados. Resultados apontaram ausência de interação entre fatores grupo e jogo, sendo estes analisados isoladamente. No fator grupo observou-se diferença significativa no parâmetro “espaço sem bola”, realizado com maior frequência no grupo com menor conhecimento tático. No fator jogo, a configuração 3vs.3 apresentou maior incidência de penetrações, enquanto a configuração 4vs.3 apresentou maior incidência de unidade (ofensiva e defensiva), cobertura defensiva e equilíbrio de recuperação. Conclui-se haver diferenças nas configurações de jogo, cabendo às comissões técnicas adequá-las à intencionalidade da sessão de treino.
Satisfação no trabalho dos professores de educação física da rede municipal de ensino de São José-SC
Authors: Nascimento Raquel Krapp do , Folle Alexandra , Rosa Alzira Isabel da , Both Jorge
Published: October 2016

O objetivo desse estudo foi analisar a satisfação no trabalho de professores de Educação Física. Participaram 73 professores de Educação Física da rede municipal de ensino de São José (SC). Na coleta de dados, utilizou-se dois instrumentos: questionário sociodemográfico e “Escala de Avaliação da Qualidade de Vida no Trabalho Percebida por Professores de Educação Física”. No tratamento estatístico empregou-se os testes: qui-quadrado para Grupo Único e Prova U de Mann-Whitney. Os resultados elucidaram que os professores estão satisfeitos na avaliação global e nas dimensões progressão na carreira, autonomia, leis e normas e relevância social do trabalho, apresentando-se insatisfeitos com sua remuneração. Revelaram ainda que os professores com mais de quatro anos de tempo de serviço na rede estão mais satisfeitos na avaliação global e na dimensão relevância social, enquanto os professores com 10 anos ou mais de docência estão satisfeitos com as dimensões progressão na carreira, relevância social, autonomia e integração social.
Exploring the Perceptions of Newly Credentialed Athletic Trainers as They Transition to Practice
Authors: Walker Stacy E. , Thrasher Ashley B. , Mazerolle Stephanie M
Published: October 2016

Context:

Research is limited on the transition to practice of newly credentialed athletic trainers (ATs). Understanding this transition could provide insight to assist employers and professional programs in developing initiatives to enhance the transition.

Objective:

To explore newly credentialed ATs' experiences and feelings during their transition from student to autonomous practitioner.

Design:

Qualitative study.

Setting:

Individual phone interviews.

Patients or Other Participants:

Thirty-four ATs certified between January and September 2013 participated in this study (18 women, 16 men; age = 23.8 ± 2.1 years; work settings were collegiate, secondary school, clinic, and other). Data saturation guided the number of participants.

Data Collection and Analysis:

Participants were interviewed via phone using a semistructured interview guide. All interviews were recorded and transcribed verbatim. Data were analyzed through phenomenologic reduction, with data coded for common themes and subthemes. Credibility was established via member checks, peer review, and intercoder reliability.

Results:

The 3 themes that emerged from the data were (1) transition to practice preparation, (2) orientation, and (3) mentoring. Transition to practice was rarely discussed during professional preparation, but information on the organization and administration or capstone course (eg, insurance, documentation) assisted participants in their transition. Participants felt that preceptors influenced their transition by providing or hindering the number and quality of patient encounters. Participants from larger collegiate settings reported more formal orientation methods (eg, review policies, procedures manual), whereas those in secondary school, clinic/hospital, and smaller collegiate settings reported informal orientation methods (eg, independent review of policies and procedures, tours). Some participants were assigned a formal mentor, and others engaged in peer mentoring.

Conclusions:

Employers could enhance the transition to practice by providing formal orientation and mentorship. Professional programs could prepare students for the transition by discussing how to find support and mentoring and by involving preceptors who provide students with opportunities to give patient care.
Well-Being in Residency: A Systematic Review
Authors: Raj Kristin S.
Published: October 2016

Background 

Rates of physician burnout have increased in recent years, and high burnout levels are reported by physicians in training.

Objective 

This review of the research on resident well-being seeks to identify factors associated with well-being, summarize well-being promotion interventions, and provide a framework for future research efforts.

Methods 

Keywords were used to search PubMed, PsycINFO, and MEDLINE. Studies included were conducted between 1989 and 2014. The search yielded 82 articles, 26 which met inclusion criteria, and were assessed using the Medical Education Research Study Quality Instrument.

Results 

Articles measured resident well-being and associated factors, predictors, effects, barriers, as well as interventions to improve well-being. Factors identified in psychological well-being research—autonomy, building of competence, and strong social relatedness—are associated with resident well-being. Sleep and time away from work are associated with greater resident well-being. Perseverance is predictive of well-being, and greater well-being is associated with increased empathy. Interventions focused on health and coping skills appear to improve well-being, although the 3 studies that examined interventions were limited by small samples and single site administration.

Conclusions 

An important step in evolving research in this area entails the development of a clear definition of resident well-being and a scale for measuring the construct. The majority (n = 17, 65%) of existing studies are cross-sectional analyses of factors associated with well-being. The literature summarized in this review suggests future research should focus on factors identified in cross-sectional studies, including sleep, coping mechanisms, resident autonomy, building competence, and enhanced social relatedness.
Taking Rater Exposure to Trainees Into Account When Explaining Rater Variability
Authors: Boscardin Christy K. , Wijnen-Meijer Marjo , Cate Olle ten
Published: October 2016

Background 

Rater-based judgments are widely used in graduate medical education to provide more meaningful assessments, despite concerns about rater reliability.

Objective 

We introduced a statistical modeling technique that corresponds to the new rater reliability framework, and present a case example to provide an illustration of the utility of this new approach to assessing rater reliability.

Methods 

We used mixed-effects models to simultaneously incorporate random effects for raters and systematic effects of rater role as fixed effects. Study data are clinical performance ratings collected from medical school graduates who were evaluated for their readiness for supervised clinical practice in authentic simulation settings at 2 medical schools in the Netherlands and Germany.

Results 

The medical schools recruited a maximum of 30 graduates out of 60 (50%) and 180 (17%) eligible candidates, respectively. Clinician raters (n = 25) for the study were selected based on their level of expertise and experience. Graduates were assessed on 7 facets of competence (FOCs) that are considered important in supervisors' entrustment decisions across the 5 cases used. Rater role was significantly associated with 2 FOCs: (1) teamwork and collegiality, and (2) verbal communication with colleagues/supervisors. For another 2 FOCs, rater variability was only partially explained by the role of the rater (a proxy for the amount of direct interaction with the trainee).

Conclusions 

Consideration of raters as meaningfully idiosyncratic provides a new framework to explore their influence on assessment scores, which goes beyond considering them as random sources of variability.
Predicting the salt water intrusion in the Shatt al-Arab estuary using an
analytical approach
Authors: Abdullah Ali D. , Gisen Jacqueline I. A. , van der Zaag Pieter , Savenije Hubert H. G. , Karim Usama F. A. , Masih Ilyas , Popescu Ioana
Published: October 2016

Abstract. Longitudinal and vertical salinity measurements are used in this study to predict the extent of inland seawater intrusion in a deltaic river estuary. A predictive model is constructed to apply to the specific tidal, seasonal, and discharge variability and geometric characteristics of the Shatt al-Arab River (SAR) situated along the border of Iraq and Iran. Reliable hydrologic simulation of salinity dynamics and seawater intrusion was lacking prior to this study. Tidal excursion is simulated analytically using a 1-D analytical salt intrusion model with recently updated equations for tidal mixing. The model was applied under different river conditions to analyse the seasonal variability of salinity distribution during wet and dry periods near spring and neap tides between March 2014 and January 2015. A good fit is possible with this model between computed and observed salinity distribution. Estimating water abstractions along the estuary improves the performance of the equations, especially at low flows and with a well-calibrated dispersion–excursion relationship of the updated equations. Salt intrusion lengths given the current data varied from 38 to 65 km during the year of observation. With extremely low river discharge, which is highly likely there, we predict a much further distance of 92 km. These new predictions demonstrate that the SAR, already plagued with extreme salinity, may face deteriorating water quality levels in the near future, requiring prompt interventions.