bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Generation of PAS-stained images of glomerular tissue units using a generative adversarial network with spectral normalization colorization method
Authors: Peng Jincheng , Chen Guoyue , Saruta Kazuki , Terata Yuki
Published: March 2024

In recent years, the pathological diagnosis of glomerular diseases typically involves the study of glomerular his-to pathology by specialized pathologists, who analyze tissue sections stained with Periodic Acid-Schiff (PAS) to assess tissue and cellular abnormalities. In recent years, the rapid development of generative adversarial networks composed of generators and discriminators has led to further developments in image colorization tasks. In this paper, we present a generative adversarial network by Spectral Normalization colorization designed for color restoration of grayscale images depicting glomerular cell tissue elements. The network consists of two structures: the generator and the discriminator. The generator incorporates a U-shaped decoder and encoder network to extract feature information from input images, extract features from Lab color space images, and predict color distribution. The discriminator network is responsible for optimizing the generated colorized images by comparing them with real stained images. On the Human Biomolecular Atlas Program (HubMAP)—Hacking the Kidney FTU segmentation challenge dataset, we achieved a peak signal-to-noise ratio of 29.802 dB, along with high structural similarity results as other colorization methods. This colorization method offers an approach to add color to grayscale images of glomerular cell tissue units. It facilitates the observation of physiological information in pathological images by doctors and patients, enabling better pathological-assisted diagnosis of certain kidney diseases.
Filosofía de la historia y religión en G. W. F. Hegel
Authors: Gutierrez Soler Julio Antonio
Published: March 2024

No es nuestro propósito relatar el trabajo de Hegel en sus Lecciones de la Historia universal, por el contrario, queremos aprehender el concepto de desarrollo de la historia a partir de la acción (tat) del espíritu, en tanto la historia -dice Hegel- es “la sustancia del espíritu”. Y esta temática la desarrolla tanto en la Enciclopedia, como en la Fenomenología del espíritu, así como en las Lecciones de filosofía de la religión (especialmente en 1828) y en su Filosofía del derecho.  Si no se concibe la historia sino por la acción del espíritu que deviene movimiento y deviene libertad y racionalidad. De tal modo, que puede decirse que la razón dirige la historia. Pero si califica la historia de divina es porque en ella la razón se historiza y pierde su condición abstracta. Pues en la historia, dice Hegel, el espíritu se encuentra en casa. Debe entenderse ese proceso de movimiento, como sustancia espiritual y el fin absoluto en el mundo, de ahí que no pueda hablarse de fin de la historia. El saber absoluto no implica un cierre al proceso infinito de un despliegue a través de las determinaciones finitas. Debe subrayarse la importancia de la eticidad y de la Filosofía del derecho, pues el Estado en cuanto sustancia ética no anula los derechos de los sujetos que devienen a través de la historia. Pudiendo considerarse a los mismos sujetos y los estados formas de objetivación del espíritu en su movimiento. No puede por ello entenderse el saber absoluto siquiera como un cierre de la historia ni como una superación de las figuras que en su movimiento produce. Más bien es lo que Hegel sostiene como Teodicea de la historia. Y en ella, la religión ya manifiesta la asunción de la negatividad y la superación de la muerte de Dios por el espíritu en la comunidad. Ahora bien, la comunidad alcanza su máxima expresión en el Estado, no es la pretensión de Hegel la exaltación del estado, sino que tiene muy en cuenta que los ciudadanos son sujetos de derecho dentro del Estado.
"Living in the time of the butterfly:" Engaging more-than-human temporalities to rethink biodiversity conservation
Authors: González-Duarte Columba , Méndez-Arreola Roberto
Published: March 2024

This article describes the ecological accounts of Jñato and Hñähñu (also known as Mazahua and Otomi) people who inhabit a territory that is today the Monarch Butterfly Biosphere Reserve in México. We draw on their narratives, documented through a multiyear historical and ethnographic study, to discuss multispecies temporalities and reciprocal relations across more-than-human entities. Analyzing local environmental knowledge through "deep time" and relational perspectives, we invite conservation and environmental studies scholars to reconsider epistemological assumptions about time and the Anthropocene. We do so by documenting the multispecies rhythms and temporalities maintained in our research sites from time immemorial. In contrast with linear notions of time, these rhythms operate cyclically through reciprocal gifting between plants, humans, and other entities such as a water spirits and witches. The "deep time" lens that such practices offer, we suggest, can enrich biodiversity conservation and more-than-human political ecologies. We conclude by stressing that this relational "world-making" is also power-laden. Political identities are embedded in, and reconstructed through, a complex political economy and uneven relations of knowledge production. Together, these constitute what we call "the time of the butterfly."
Unique common fixed point results for two maps in incomplete spaces
Authors: Bouhadjera Hakima , Dari Aya , Zouaimia Ryme
Published: March 2024

In this paper, in the first part, we will improve and extend the main results 1 and 2 of Mishra et al. [6] in a b-metric space, and in the second and last part, we will improve and extend Theorem 5 and Theorem 6 of Shah [7] in a b-metric-like space, in both sections, we will use our new notion of occasionally weakly biased maps of type (𝒜). Some illustrative examples are given in order to clarify and support our findings.
On related fixed points in two d-complete topological spaces
Authors: Karayılan Hakan , Telci Mustafa
Published: March 2024

In this paper, using the method of Hicks, we prove some new related fixed point theorems for pair of mappings on two d-complete topological spaces under the suitable conditions. We also derive some related fixed point theorems from our main results. Finally, by using w-continuity, we establish a related fixed point theorem in d-complete Hausdorff topological spaces.
Variational and numerical analysis of a dynamic elasto-viscoplastic piezoelectric frictional contact problem
Authors: Laid Maiza , Ammar Tedjani Hadj
Published: March 2024

This work studies a mathematical model involving a dynamic contact between two elasto-viscoplastic piezoelectric bodies with damage. The contact is modeled on a combination of a normal compliance and a normal damped response law associated with friction. We derive a variational formulation of the problem and we prove the existence and uniqueness result of the weak solution. The proof is based on the classical existence and uniqueness result for parabolic inequalities, differential equations and fixed-point arguments.

This paper examines a friction problem between two piezoelectric bodies that are elastic- viscoplastic. The study uses both numerical and analytical methods. The contact surface is assumed to have a thin layer of lubricant, and a damped response contact condition is considered. The problem also takes into account electrical and frictional effects. The paper proves the existence of a unique weak solution to the problem by using variational inequalities and a fixed point argument. Additionally, a fully discrete approximation is investigated using the Euler scheme and finite element method for the spatial variable and time derivatives. Error estimates are then calculated, leading to convergence results under certain regularity conditions.
NeuroCyberGuard: Developing a Robust Cybersecurity Defense System through Deep Neural Learning-Based Mathematical Modeling
Authors: Mohammed Ghazi Ghader , Zaheer Zeedon
Published: March 2024

Due to the increasing sophistication and frequency of cyber threats, cyber security has become a pressing issue in today’s interconnected society. The traditional security methods have proven insufficient to tackle the evolving threat landscape, leading to the need for more advanced and effective defence mechanisms. The emerging field of deep neural learning has shown promise in cybersecurity, as it can learn complex patterns and behaviors in data and provide more accurate and efficient detection and prediction capabilities. This research aims to develop a robust cybersecurity defense system, named NeuroCyberGuard, by using deep neural learning-based mathematical modelling. The proposed approach leverages the power of deep neural networks to analyze large amounts of network traffic data, identify potential threats, and provide real-time alerts and responses to prevent security breaches. The mathematical modelling component enables the system to optimize its performance and adapt to changing network conditions and attack patterns. The system will be evaluated using a variety of benchmark datasets and real-world scenarios to validate its effectiveness and efficiency. The expected outcome of this research is a state-of-the-art cybersecurity defense system that provides comprehensive protection against cyber threats and enhances the security posture of organizations.
Design of Calibration System for Multi-Channel Thermostatic Metal Bath
Authors: Zhuo Hua , Xu Yan , Zhou Weihu , Li Feng , Zhao Yikun
Published: March 2024

The use of the thermostatic metal bath is becoming more and more extensive and the requirements for its precision and reliability are also increasing. To meet the needs of the metal bath calibration, a 12-channel thermostatic metal bath temperature field calibration system based on a four-wire PT100 has been designed. The system design includes a front-end temperature measurement component, which consists of a four-wire PT100 and a thermostatic block, and a signal processing component, which consists of a bidirectional constant current source excitation unit, a signal conditioning unit and a high-precision acquisition unit. The STM32f407 is used as the main control chip, and the analog channel selector is used for 12-channel selection. The constant current source is used for signal excitation, the proportional method is used to measure the PT100 resistance, and an acquisition circuit with a high-precision 32-bit ADS1263 analog-to-digital converter is used to amplify, filter and convert the analog signal. After piecewise linear fitting and system calibration, the temperature measurement accuracy can reach 0.4 mK, which meets the calibration requirements of the thermostatic metal bath.
Analysis of The Reuse of Tires in Synthetic Grass in Manaus From the Perspective of The Reverse Logistics Process
Authors: Barbosa Thielsse de Araújo , Tino Cláudio Fernandes , Martins Gilbert Breves , Claro Júnior Luiz Henrique , Oliveira Elisângela Leitão de , Soares Márison Luiz , Nascimento-e-Silva Daniel
Published: March 2024

Objective: This study aimed to analyze the reuse of tires by a company that produces synthetic grass in Manaus from the perspective of the reverse logistics process.
 
Methods: The scientific-technological method was used to build the theoretical architecture and generate empirical findings, consisting of four stages: a) elaboration of guiding research questions, b) data collection from the company's managers and employees through a script interview and an observation script, c) organization of data based on semantic analysis, so that each stage of the logistics process, its operations and purpose could be understood, and d) generation of answers to guiding questions, seeking to know what happens, how it happens and why it happens.
 
Results and discussion: The results showed that 1) the process of reusing the collected tires is made up of a few simple steps, 2) the reverse logistics planning procedures for the materials to be recycled include the objectives of the company and its suppliers, 3) the management procedures for the company's employees when executing the reverse logistics process take into account how much is known about the production and logistics process and 4) the control procedures for the objectives and goals to be achieved are based on indicators and metrics connected with the synergy of the team of collaborators.
 
Research implications: When the objectives and goals of organizations involved in the reverse logistics process are integrated, the possibility of success of the ventures increases considerably. Furthermore, it is necessary that the planning and execution of the reverse logistics process is built based on the stages of the management process.
 
Originality / Value: This study shows that innovation and creativity can reuse practically all materials that are usually discarded. Tires are a problem for almost all urban centers, but they have been transformed into exquisite synthetic grass for the most popular sport in Brazil, soccer. The company created other products aimed at home and building decoration.
Lithological features of Lake Bannoe sediments (Southern Urals) as an indicator of environmental and climate changes in the Holocene
Authors: Yusupova A. R. , Nurgalieva N. G. , Kuzina D. M. , Rogov A. M. , Nigamatzyanova G. R.
Published: March 2024

Research subject. Bottom sediments of Lake Bannoe (Southern Urals). Aim. Identification of lithologic features of Lake Bannoe sediments, which could reflect sedimentation conditions in the Holocene. Materials and methods. The detailed complex analysis included radiocarbon dating, grain-size analysis, X-ray diffraction analysis, electron microscopy, X-ray fluorescence and isotope analysis, coercive spectrometry and pollen analysis. Results. Radiocarbon dating showed that sedimentation in Lake Bannoe began no later than ~13 thousand years ago. Combination of data from various laboratory studies unraveled four lithological zones and the corresponding stages in the sedimentation history. The grain size, allothigenic particles, carbonate minerals, organic matter and isotopic composition of carbon and oxygen are the most informative indicators. Grain size variations and the ratio between allothigenic and carbonate components reflect changes in the Lake’s depth and clastic material supply, which, in turn, is associated with humidity. Organic matter parameters (TOC, δ13Corg, C/N ratio) can be considered as indicators of climate-sensitive changes in bioproductivity of the sedimentation basin. They also reflect the ratio of exogenous and endogenous organic matter in the sedimentary environment. The isotopic composition of carbon and oxygen (δ13Ccarb, δ18Ocarb) in sedimentary carbonates is an informative indicator of lithological zones and climatic events of the Holocene due to its sensitivity to changes in biomass, temperature fluctuations, and fresh water inflow. The paramagnetic component k_para was used as an indicator of the allothigenic material input into the lake basin for the first time in this region. Conclusions. The granulometric, mineral, and chemical composition, as well as the magnetic properties of Lake Bannoe sediments reflect the history of Lake sedimentation in the Southern Urals, which agrees mainly with the climate stages of the Holocene.
Upper Ordovician–Lower Silurian deposits in the Zakola section (Ilych River, Northern Urals): Composition, structure, formation environments
Authors: Shmeleva L. A.
Published: March 2024

Research subject. Section of boundary deposits, exposed in the right side of the Zakola stream (the right tributary of the Ilych River, Northern Urals) with a total thickness of 98 m, presented with rock samples (more than 100 pieces), thin sections (100 pieces), slabs (10 pieces), and chemical analyses (15 pieces). Aim. Detailed description of the most complete section of the Upper Ordovician–Lower Silurian boundary sediments of the Shantym facies complex with a stratigraphic reference of layers, lithological typification of sediments, and restoration of sedimentation conditions. Methods. Conventional lithological and paleontological methods were used to dissect the section. Sampling was carried out after 1 m; however, samples were additionally taken when detailed observations were possible to identify lithological and facial differences. The thin sections were studied by the classic method of optical microscopy. The study of the fauna complex was carried out both by collecting samples of the author’s rocks and by the materials of A.I. Antoshkina. In addition, stock materials were attracted. Results. In the section, 14 packs of rocks were identified, which are represented by 6 lithological types of secondary dolomites. Their distribution along the section, along with the presence of characteristic faunal remains, made it possible to establish three members in the section, which can be correlated with the Katian, Hirnantian, and Ruddanian stages of the General Stratigraphic Scale. Conclusion. The Katian deposits are represented by the Yaptikshor Formation (Strata 1), which was formed under the conditions of the lower sublittoral of a ramp-type carbonate platform with a transgressive carbonate tract and a diverse fauna. The beginning of the Hirnantian (Strata 2) is characterized by shallow water conditions of the upper sublittoral up to the littoral, which reflects a sharp shallowing at the Katian–Hirnantian boundary and corresponds to the beginning of the global early Hirnantian regression. The rocks exposed higher up the section indicate sedimentation with a certain rise in the sea level; however, the correlation of this part of the section with the upper part of the Verkh Ruchey Formation is complicated by the fragmentary nature of the outcrops. The overlying Ruddanian deposits (Strata 3) were accumulated on the outskirts of a ramp-type carbonate platform under the conditions of the lower sublittoral, which corresponds to the beginning of the Early Silurian global transgression.
Anatomical-functional state of surface lymphatic system of lower extremities in chronic vein diseases according to fluorescence lymphograph
Authors: Abduvosidov Kh. A. , Chudnykh S. M. , Shestakova V. G. , Alekseev A. G. , Kokoev M. M. , Kozlov N. S. , Korolyuk G. M.
Published: March 2024

Despite the large arsenal of diagnostic methods for studying the lymphatic system, there are isolated works on its morpho-functional state in chronic venous insufluciency. The purpose of the study was to study the anatomical and physiological state of the surface lymphatic system of the lower extremities in persons with different clinical classes of chronic vein diseases using fluorescence lifography. The study was conducted in 105 patients divided into six groups according to the clinical class of chronic diseases of the veins of the lower extremities according to the CEAP classiffication. We used fluorescent lymphography using sodium fluorescein to study the anatomical and functional capabilities of the lymphotone. The study revealed that morphofunctional changes in superficial lymphatic vessels in chronic lower extremity vein diseases depend on venous system decompensation. With an increase in the clinical class of chronic diseases of the veins of the lower extremities, the rate of lymph flow through the superficial lymphatic vessels is statistically significantly reduced. At the same time, the antegrade lymph cell is completely absent in С5-С6, with the appearance of retrograde outflow and discharge of the lymph into the deep lymph vessels. Thus, the progression of chronic venous insufficiency leads to proportional progression of morphofunctional changes in the superficial lymphatic system, which leads to the formation of lymphovenous insufficiency.
Alterations of the life cycle of the tooth in patients with lipalveolopalatinal cliffs. Variations in the dental numerical formula
Authors:   Cátedra de Odontopediatría B y Servicio Interdisciplinario de Atención a Pacientes con Fisura Labioalveolopalatina. Facultad de Odontología. UNC, Ochonga G , Martínez MC ,   Cátedra de Odontopediatría B. Facultad de Odontología. UNC
Published: March 2024

Cleft Lip Alveolo Palatine, commonly knownas FLAP, are congenital conditions. They represent one of the most important and prevalent neonatal pathologies of the stomatognathic system. They are associated with various physical alterations, within which they refer to a series of dental anomalies, variable according to the different odontogenic stages in which they occur.Aim. The purpose of the present study was to identify and analyze clinically and radiographically the number dental anomaliesthat affect the primary and permanent series in a population of children with maxillofacial clefts.Methods. An observational descriptive clinical and radiographic study was carried out on patients between 0 and 13 years old, who attended the Interdisciplinary Care Service for Patients with Lip-Alveolar-palatine Clefts, belonging to the Faculty of Dentistry of the National University of Córdoba. Argentina. Numerical dental alterations of: a) excesses and b) defect were evaluated, both inprimary and permanent series (n= 100).Results. The data expressed a frequency of 11% of supernumeraries and 4% of agenesis in primary dentition series and 11% and 51% respectively in the permanent series. Referring to frequency of anomalies and type of cleft: Primary series agenesis was greater in palatal clefts 14.3%. And in the permanent series 46% unilateral cleft, 53.5% bilateral, and 71.4% in cleft palate. Permanent series supernumeraries were more frequent in unilateral fissures 20%.Conclusion. Children with lip-alveolar-palatine clefts show the clinical and/or radiographic presence of numerical dental anomalies referring to the formation cycle of the dental elements in their growth phase in both dentitions. A similar distribution of supernumeraries was observed, with agenesis predominating in the permanent dentition. A preponderance of affection is evident in the area close to the fissure, the most compromised elements of the central and lateral incisor on the left side
Level of Knowledge, Attitudes and Behavior towards Antibiotic Resistance and Use in The Community in Kota Bangun Seberang Village
Authors: Riska Febriyanti  , Nur Masyithah Zamruddin  , Adam M. Ramadhan
Published: March 2024

Antibiotics are highly used drugs in Indonesia to treat infections. However, low public knowledge about antibiotics leads to their inappropriate use. Inappropriate use of antibiotics will eventually increase health problems in the form of resistance. This study aims to determine the level of knowledge, attitudes and behavior towards resistance and the use of antibiotics in the community in Kota Bangun Seberang. The method used in this research is observational analysis with cross sectional study approach. Data collection was conducted by interviews using questionnaires consisting of questions about resistance and antibiotic use. Sample collection of 80 people using purposive sampling technique. Data were analyzed univariately and bivariately using the Spearman correlation test. The results showed that the majority of respondents' knowledge level was in the good category at 55%, the majority of respondents' attitudes were in the moderate category at 47.5%, and the majority of respondents' behavior was in the good category at 51.25%. Spearman correlation test showed that there was no correlation between the level of knowledge and attitude, as well as the relationship between attitude and behavior of respondents regarding antibiotic resistance and use (sig > 0.01), and there was a very strong positive correlation between the level of knowledge and antibiotic use behavior of respondents (sig < 0.01).
Uji Aktivitas Mukolitik dari Ekstrak Etanol Daun Sirsak (Annona muricata Linn) Menggunakan Mukosa Usus Sapi Secara In Vitro
Authors: Putri Dea Sefiana , Aryati Fika , Narsa Angga Cipta
Published: March 2024

Soursop leaves (Annona muricata Linn) are one of the traditional medicinal plants that have not been extensively studied for their use in cough medicine. Cough is a symptom of respiratory tract disorders and often causes discomfort. One example of a cough is a productive cough. Mucolytics are drugs that work by breaking down mucoprotein strands. This research aims to explore the potential of soursop leaf extract as a mucolytic and identify its active compound groups. The extraction method used is maceration with 70% ethanol. The test uses bovine intestinal mucosa with negative control using phosphate buffer, positive control using herbal medicine X, and the test group using soursop leaf extract with concentrations of 0.5%, 0.75%, and 1%. The viscosity of the test solution is measured with a Rion viscometer. Mucolytic activity is observed through the decrease in mucin viscosity. The research results show that soursop leaf extract at a concentration of 1% has mucolytic effects comparable to herbal medicine X as the positive control. Soursop leaf extract contains compounds such as alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, and saponins.

Keywords:          Mucolytic, Soursop Leaf, Bovine Bowels Mucose

 

Abstrak

Daun sirsak (Annona muricata Linn) merupakan salah satu tanaman obat tradisional yang belum banyak diteliti penggunaannya sebagai obat batuk. Batuk merupakan gejala adanya gangguan pada saluran pernafasan dan seringkali menyebabkan rasa tidak nyaman. Salah satu contoh batuk yaitu batuk berdahak. Mukolitik merupakan obat yang bekerja dengan cara memecah benang-benang mukoprotein. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat potensi dari ekstrak daun sirsak sebagai mukolitik dan mengidentifikasi golongan senyawa aktifnya. Metode ekstraksi yang digunakan yaitu maserasi menggunakan etanol 70%. Pengujian ini menggunakan mukosa usus sapi dengan kontrol negatif berupa dapar posfat, kontrol positif berupa obat herbal X dan kelompok uji menggunakan ekstrak daun sirsak dengan konsentrasi 0,5%; 0,75% dan 1%. Viskositas larutan uji diukur dengan Viskometer rion. Aktivitas mukolitik dilihat dari penurunan nilai viskositas mukus. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ekstrak daun sirsak pada konsentrasi 1% memberikan efek mukolitik yang sebanding dengan obat herbal X sebagai kontrol positif. Ekstrak daun sirsak mengandung senyawa golongan alkaloid, flavonoid, tanin dan saponin.

Kata Kunci:         Mukolitik, Daun Sirsak, Mukosa Usus Sapi
Formulasi Sediaan Serum Wajah dari Ekstrak Sarang Burung Walet
Authors: Rahmadina Ina Annisa , Prasetya Fajar , Zamruddin Nur Masyitah
Published: March 2024

The swallow's nest (Edible bird's nest) is included in the Apodidae family. Swallow's nest contains several proteins and amino acids, glutathione and antioxidants. Swallow's nest also contains EGF (Epideral grow factor) which functions to regulate cell growth and development. Facial serum is a preparation with a high concentration of active substances and low viscosity, which can deliver a thin film of active ingredients to the skin surface. The results of this study aim to examine the stability of facial serum formulations from edible bird's nest extract. The results of this research produced facial serum preparations. The results of the physical testing showed that the swallow's nest extract facial serum preparation looked stable without any sediment.

Keywords:          Edible bird's nest, facial serum, stability test

 

Abstrak

Sarang burung walet (Edible bird’s nest) termasuk dalam family Apodidae. Sarang burung walet mengandung beberapa protein dan asam amino, glutathione serta antioksidan. Sarang burung walet juga mengandung EGF (Epideral grow factor)yang berfungsi mengatur pertumbuhan dan perkembangan sel. Serum wajah merupakan sediaan dengan zat aktif konsentrasi tinggi dan viskositas yang rendah, yang dapat menghantarkan film tipis dari bahan aktif pada permukaan kulit. Hasil dari penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat stabilitas formulasi sediaan serum wajah dari ekstrak sarang burung walet (Edible bird’s nest). Hasil penelitian ini menghasilkan sediaan serum wajah. Hasil dari pengujian fisik terlihat sediaan serum wajah ekstrak sarang burung walet terlihat stabil tanpa ada endapan.

Kata Kunci:         Edible bird’s nest, serum wajah, Uji stabilitas
Profil Kromatografi Lapis Tipis Antioksidan Tumbuhan Gulma: Axonopus compressus (Sw.) P. Beauv and Digitaria ciliaris (Retz.) Koeler
Authors: Mersi Mersi , Sinthary Venna , Rijai Laode
Published: March 2024

Weeds are plant species that grow around cultivated crops and are often considered unwanted nuisance plants because they are considered harmful. These weeds, which are often considered a nuisance, can be utilised, especially as a source of medicine. Many studies have presented information on the benefits of weed plants as a source of treatment for degenerative diseases. This study aims to determine the secondary metabolite compounds contained in Axonopus compressus and Digitaria ciliaris weed plants through thin layer chromatographic (KLT) profiles. Extraction was carried out by maceration using methanol solvent and the yield value of Axonopus compressus extract was 3.01% and Digitaria ciliaris extract was 3.27%. The KLT profile test obtained secondary metabolite groups of Axonopus compressus and Digitaria ciliaris methanol extracts, namely flavonoids, alkaloids, steroids/terpenoids, saponins, and tannins. Qualitative test of antioxidant activity using DPPH method on KLT plates of methanol extracts of Axonopus compressus and Digitaria ciliaris obtained positive results of yellow stains with RF values of 0.6; 0.65 and 0.7 which indicate the presence of compounds that have antioxidant activity.

Keywords:          Axonopus compressus, Digitaria ciliaris, thin layer chromatography, antioxidant

 

Abstrak

Gulma merupakan spesies tumbuhan yang tumbuh disekitar tanaman budidaya dan sering dianggap sebagai tumbuhan pengganggu yang tidak diinginkan karena dianggap merugikan. Tumbuhan gulma yang sering dianggap mengganggu ini dapat dimanfaatkan khususnya sebagai sumber pengobatan. Telah banyak Penelitian yang menyajikan informasi mengenai manfaat tumbuhan gulma sebagai sumber pengobatan penyakit degeneratif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui senyawa metabolit sekunder yang terkandung pada tumbuhan gulma Axonopus compressus and Digitaria ciliaris melalui profil kromatografi lapis tipis (KLT). Ekstraksi dilakukan dengan cara maserasi menggunakan pelarut metanol dan didapatkan hasil nilai rendemen ekstrak Axonopus compressus sebesar 3.01% dan ekstrak Digitaria ciliaris sebesar 3,27%. Uji profil KLT didapatkan golongan metabolit sekunder ekstrak metanol Axonopus compressus dan Digitaria ciliaris yaitu flavonoid, alkaloid, steroid/terpenoid, saponin, dan tanin. Uji kualitatif aktivitas antioksidan menggunakan metode DPPH pada plat KLT ekstrak metanol Axonopus compressus dan Digitaria ciliaris didapatkan hasil positif noda berwarna kuning dengan nilai RF 0,6; 0,65 dan 0,7 yang menunjukkan adanya senyawa yang mempunyai aktivitas antioksidan.

Kata Kunci:         Axonopus compressus, Digitaria ciliaris, kromatografi lapis tipis, antioksidan
Skrining Fitokimia dan Pengujian Toksisitas Ekstrak Etanol Buah Mangrove (Sonneratia ovata) dengan Metode Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT)
Authors: Fitriani Noor , Faisal Muhammad , Agustina Risna
Published: March 2024

The mangrove plant (Sonneratia ovata) serves ecological, culinary, and traditional medicinal purposes, such as treating asthma, reducing fever, addressing hemorrhoids, muscle pain, back pain, bone pain, joint pain, and hepatitis. However, data on the toxicity of this plant is still limited. This research aims to determine the yield value, secondary metabolite outcomes, and toxicity profile of ethanol extract from mangrove fruits (Sonneratia ovata). The research method involves sample preparation, maceration extraction with 96% ethanol, phytochemical screening, and toxicity testing using the BSLT method. The findings reveal a yield value of 56.458% for the mangrove fruit extract. Phytochemical screening indicates the presence of flavonoids, tannins, phenolics, and saponins in the ethanol extract. The toxicity test results show a toxicity value of 7727.914 ppm for the mangrove fruit ethanol extract. In conclusion, based on the BSLT method, the ethanol extract of mangrove fruit falls into the non-toxic category.

Keywords:          Sonneratia ovata, Maceration, Phytochemical Test, BSLT

 

Abstrak

Tanaman mangrove (Sonneratia ovata) memiliki manfaat sebagai ekologi, bahan pangan dan juga sebagai bahan tradisional dalam pengobatan asma, menurunkan panas, pengobatan ambeien, nyeri otot, sakit pinggang, sakit tulang, sakit persendian dan hepatitis namun data toksisitas mengenai tanaman ini masih kurang. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui nilai rendemen, hasil dari metabolit sekunder serta profil toksisitas ekstrak etanol buah mangrove (Sonneratia ovata). Metode penelitian ini yaitu diawali dengan preparasi sampel lalu ekstraksi maserasi dengan etanol 96%, dilanjutkan dengan uji skrining fitokimia serta uji toksisitas dengan metode BSLT. Hasil yang diperoleh dari penelitian ini adalah nilai rendemen dari ekstrak buah mangrove yaitu sebesar 56,458%. Hasil skrining fitokimia menunjukkan ekstrak etanol buah mangrove positif mengandung flavonoid, tannin, fenolik dan saponin. Hasil toksisitas menunjukkan ekstrak etanol buah mangrove memiliki nilai toksisitas sebesar 7727,914 ppm. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini, dapat disimpulkan bahwa uji toksisitas dengan metode BSLT, ekstrak etanol buah mangrove termasuk dalam kategori tidak toksik.

Kata Kunci:         Sonneratia ovata, Maserasi, Uji Fitokimia, BSLT
Ritos como processo formativo e pedagógico: desafio de educação na Guiné-Bissau
Authors: Gomes Décio Otto Carlos , Bernardo Carolina Maria Costa
Published: March 2024

Os ritos são os principais articuladores dos valores que moldam o comportamento dos povos africanos, guineenses em específico. Portanto, na Guiné-Bissau, não se deve construir currículo escolar sem se apoiar nessa herança educacional deixado pelos ancestrais. Como forma de contribuir para melhor compreensão da realidade educacional dos guineenses, para a construção do currículo escolar que dialogue com a diversidade educacional dos guineenses, se desenvolveu esta pesquisa com o objetivo de refletir sobre a importância dos ritos no processo formativo e pedagógico na Guiné-Bissau. Assim, valeu-se das contribuições de trabalhos de Djaló (2012), Canda (2006), Braço (2008), Chaua (2015), Namuholopa (2017) e Binze (2022). Partindo duma abordagem qualitativa, utilizando a pesquisa do tipo bibliográfico, refletiu-se sobre a necessidade de um currículo que leve em conta a realidade social dos guineenses.
The 2018 Toronto Van Attack: Understanding the Disaster by Looking at Vulnerability, Tactics, and Motives
Authors: Rozdilsky Jack L. , Snowden Edward , Thivierge Samuel J.
Published: March 2024

On April 23, 2018, an attacker drove a van along Toronto’s Yonge Street and its sidewalks, purposely colliding with pedestrians. Ten persons were killed, and 16 were injured. Emergency managers in Canada’s urban centres will occasionally face socially mediated disasters originating from anti-social actions taken by ideologically motivated, violent extremists. The Toronto Van attack was a disturbing rapid sequence mass murder, which was especially depraved due to its sheer levels of violence and specific targeting of women. In an attempt to comprehend the disaster, this paper explores issues of vulnerability, tactics, and motives related to the vehicular ramming attack. It is suggested that the pervasive threat of gender-driven violence needs to be recognized, crime prevention through environmental design and counter terrorism-based soft target hardening strategies can work to reduce risks, failure of imagination leading to disregard of criminal and terrorist threats should be avoided, and any security measures to defend pedestrians should be commensurate with the actual risk present.
Nurses’ Perception of Readiness for Mass Casualty Events Involving Children
Authors: Thuss Rosemary , Kearns Chris , Poonai Naveen , Horney Jennifer A.
Published: March 2024

Background: During mass casualty events, hospitals must be ready to receive and provide patient care for both children and adults. However, many studies have shown that due to a lack of funding, resources, training, and time, nurses consistently report feeling unprepared to care for children during mass casualty events. Methods: To improve understanding of how prepared pediatric-trained nurses are to respond to mass casualty events involving children, Registered Nurses (RN) completed a survey with questions that included four domains: professional demographics and employment history, experience working as an RN in a mass casualty event, knowledge questions related to current organizational mass casualty procedures, and perceptions on professional preparedness.Results: Seventy-four percent of participants agree that a mass casualty event primarily involving children, requiring what is known as a Code Orange activation, will occur at some point during their career. Nurse participants do not currently receive regular training related to a Code Orange activation, and are overall dissatisfied with the little training provided. Nurses believe emergency preparedness is important to their professional development.Discussion: Increasing nurses’ preparedness to respond to a mass casualty event involving children is important and may require additional training across nurses’ career trajectory.
Implementation by the Food and Drug Supervisory Agency (BPOM) of Bamboo Products in Jorong Balai Labuah Bawah, Tanah Datar
Authors: Marlina Winny Alna , Sufiawan Nur Ari , Novani Nefy Putri , Handoko Handoko
Published: March 2024

Sumatera Volunteer Foundation was founded in 2014. The foundation is located in Jorong Balai Labuah Bawah-Lima Kaum, which is located on flat land. The main activity of the non-profit Sumatra Volunteer Foundation is a handicraft business whose main raw materials are obtained from nature Sumatra Volunteer sells goods whose raw material is bamboo, such as straws (Sumatra Straws), food made from coconut shells, gifts made from bamboo, and crafts to finance the Foundation's operational activities. In BPOM permit regulations, only straw products are permitted because they are used directly by users as drinking utensils. The sales system still uses the help of friends, family, alumni, students, and interns from the Sumatra Volunteer Foundation. The marketing activities of the Sumatra Volunteer Foundation do not yet have a BPOM permit, so consumers and potential consumers feel safer when using goods with a BPOM certificate. This activity aims to develop the craft product business at the Sumatra Volunteer Foundation by obtaining a BPOM permit. Educational activities regarding BPOM were successfully carried out with the consideration that the product could be clinically tested.
Traditional Herb Used and Training on Preparation Moringa oleifera Lam. Herb as Dip and Capsules
Authors: Aldi Yufri , Umar Salman , Alianta Aditya Alqamal , Husni Elidahanum
Published: March 2024

Moringa leaves have grown abundantly in the 50 Kota Regency area. Studies have been carried out regarding moringa leaves, and research has shown that moringa leaves are effective as a medicine to increase the body's immunity. The community needs to know and understand the benefits of Moringa leaves. Based on that circumstance, the Community Service regarding how to process the Moringa leave to be dip preparation and capsule has been conducted in Jorong Padang Kandis, VII Koto Talago Sub-district, Guguk District, 50 Kota Regency, West Sumatra. The activity was carried out on 19 August 2023. The participants were the Family Welfare Movement (PKK) and Bundo Kandung groups in Jorong Padang Kandis, attended by 100 participants. The method was lectures and training on preparing Moringa herb leaf preparations and making Moringa leaf capsules, which the community can use directly. Community services topics were "The Utilisation of Traditional Medicines" and "The Efficacy and Research Results of Moringa Leaves." The training was on making Moringa leaf powder based on suitable traditional medicine-making methods, such as dips and capsules from Moringa leaf powder and extract. Community service helped the community understand that Moringa leaves can be used as a traditional medicine to protect the body from infection with microorganisms. The community also made powder packaged as a dip preparation, used like tea bags and put it into capsules.
Socialization of Making Fermented Forages for Animal Feed in Nagari Sariak Laweh
Authors: Yuzaria Dwi , Nuraini Nuraini , Sehir Muhammad , Azzahra Lusi
Published: March 2024

Sariak Laweh is a Nagari in the Indonesian province of West Sumatra's Akabiluru sub-district, Limapuluh Kota Regency. Farmers and breeders of livestock provide the majority of people's livelihoods. Nagari Sariak Laweh has much potential for planting crops like rice and vegetables. In addition, farmers and breeders in Sariak Laweh report a need for more livestock feed. This program aims to educate farmers about fermented forage animal feed and provide them with the necessary skills. Farmers can autonomously create and produce animal feed, which can reduce the amount of input and associated costs. The community engagement service was delivered through lecture and discussion techniques, which included direct conversations, practice sessions, and presentations by subject-matter experts. In order to manufacture fermented forage animal feed, farmers receive training from students. Therefore, this training would help breeders become more adept at using fermented forage animal feed in the field. The products from the training were prepared rice straw and processed corn waste that are ready for fermentation so that farmers can use them as feed samples in the future.
Institutional Restructuring of Shibori Sidomaju Elderly Community for Sustainable Business Support
Authors: Mahmud Amir , Susilowati Nurdian , Rachmadani Wulan Suci
Published: March 2024

The Shibori Sidomaju elderly group is a community that actively produces and sells shibori cloth. As the Shibori Batik business develops, there are many conflicts of interest between members. The management chairman committed fraud by taking over all the assets owned by the community, so the village government took over the management. This community service aims to transfer knowledge regarding institutional strengthening through management reorganization by establishing articles of association, by-laws, and organizational structure. The approach to community service activities used is Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA) in counseling, mentoring, and training. The target community is the administrators and members of the Batik Shibori Elderly group in Kenteng Village. The activities were carried out from July to August 2023. The results show that Shibori managers understand the importance of institutional legality and the Shibori organizational structure. The output of the activity was the article by law, which was agreed upon and approved by all Shibori members. On this occasion, an organizational structure was also agreed upon that reflects the primary duties of the management, members, and village government. The division of leading tasks and functions can increase the sense of responsibility, commitment, and loyalty. Awareness and understanding of leading tasks and functions are the keys to developing the Shibori business.
Penerapan Teknologi Virtual Reality Dalam Pengembangan Laboratorium Virtual Kimia Terapan
Authors: Arwani Issa , Afirianto Tri , Aminul Akbar Muhammad , Putra Sativandi
Published: March 2024

Selama masa pandemi COVID-19 pada tahun 2020 sampai dengan 2022, pembelajaran praktikum di Laboratorium Kimia Terapan Politeknik Negeri Malang (Polinema) tidak dapat terselenggara secara optimal karena kontak fisik antara dosen, asisten, mahasiswa dan peralatan praktikum di laboratorium sangat dibatasi atau bahkan digantikan dengan metode daring seluruhnya. Hilangnya kegiatan praktikum di laboratorium sebagaimana mestinya berdampak signifikan terhadap menurunnya pengalaman mahasiswa dalam mengenal lingkungan laboratorium, dalam melakukan tahapan eksperimen, serta keterampilan dalam menggunakan berbagai peralatan di laboratorium. Hal ini membutuhkan solusi alternatif berupa pemanfaatan teknologi daring sebagai media pembelajaran dalam bentuk laboratorium virtual. Fokus pengembangan laboratorium virtual pada penelitian ini meliputi pengenalan lingkungan dan standar operasional pelaksanaan praktikum di Laboratorium Kimia Terapan Politeknik Negeri Malang. Pengembangan laboratorium virtual untuk media pembelajaran praktikum virtual kimia menggunakan metode Design Thinking. Metode Design Thinking memiliki rangkaian proses meliputi Empathize, Define, Ideate, Prototype, dan Test. Metode Design Thinking menggunakan setiap proses untuk menemukan kebutuhan dan masalah pengguna. Hal ini kemudian akan menjadi solusi yang diterjemahkan ke dalam bentuk desain antarmuka dan interaksi. Teknologi virtual reality yang digunakan dalam pengembangan laboratorium virtual ini adalah aplikasi 3DVista yang diintegrasikan dengan aplikasi Moodle dan modul-modul yang disediakan oleh phet. Laboratorium virtual yang telah dihasilkan kemudian dinilai melalui uji coba usability dengan menggunakan kuesioner System Usability Scale (SUS) dan uji kompatibilitas dengan menggunakan aplikasi SortSite. Berdasarkan hasil pengujian tersebut, sistem beroperasi dengan baik secara fungsional di semua browser tanpa menimbulkan masalah kritis dan sistem termasuk dalam kategori baik, dengan skor grade B untuk aspek usability.
A Case of Necrotizing Fasciitis of the Breast Following Lumpectomy and Oncoplastic Closure
Authors: Berger Lauren , Spoer Daisy , Huffman Samuel , Drew Eleanor , Greenwalt Ian , Fan Kenneth
Published: March 2024

Background. NF is a life-threatening soft tissue infection that most commonly occurs in the lower extremity. While presenting symptoms such as erythema, severe pain, sepsis, and wound crepitation are well documented, diagnosis of NF of the breast often is obscured by a low clinical index of suspicion due to its relative rarity as well as by the breast parenchyma that physically separates the underlying fascia and overlying skin. Several risk factors have previously been identified, such as underlying infection, diabetes, advanced age, and immunosuppression. However, the gross morbidity and high mortality associated with NF warrant continued surveillance of contributing factors across any anatomic location. Fifteen cases in the literature document the development of NF following breast surgery. Case Report. The authors of this case report aim to expand on the current literature through the presentation of a unique case of NF of the breast following right breast lumpectomy and oncoplastic closure with left reduction mammaplasty in an immunocompromised patient found to have concurrent perforated sigmoid diverticulitis. Conclusion. This case exemplifies how frequent postoperative surveillance, a low threshold for intervention, and efficient coordination of care are vital to minimizing the morbidity and mortality risks associated with NF of the breast.