bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Discourse function of personal pronouns in a slavic pro-drop language: Evidence from Croatian L1 argumentative writing
Authors: Cvikić Lidija , Ordulj Antonia
Published: December 2022

At the discourse level, personal pronouns have been acknowledged as one of the most important features used to express writer visibility – involvement of the author in the text. Studies have shown that writer visibility depends on discourse type, cultural conventions, writer’s L1, etc. (Petch-Tyson 1998; Ädel 2001; Rodríguez, Vázquez and Guzmán 2011; Zolotova 2014). This paper investigates the discourse function of personal pronouns in argumentative writing in the Croatian language, a Slavic pro-drop language. For the purpose of this paper argumentative essays written by Croatian native speakers (N=100) are analysed for the frequencies of 1st and 2nd person personal pronouns and their discourse functions.

The results confirmed low frequency of 1st and 2nd person personal pronouns in the corpus, with the dominance of the 1st person singular personal pronoun I. The qualitative analysis shows that the pronoun I is most frequently used to express discourse functions of writer’s stance and writer’s experience, whereas all of the other pronouns were used mostly to express more general claims. The obtained results gave more insight into the use of personal pronouns in a pro-drop language and confirm cultural and linguistic influences on argumentative writing in the first language.
The diachronic evolution of posture verbs in Chinese
Authors: Xiao Lin
Published: December 2022

The linguistic properties of the three most common verbs of posture, which express positions, such as zuò ‘sit’, zhàn ‘stand’, tǎng ‘lie’ have been thoroughly studied in a wide range of languages belonging to typologically different language families, but they have never been extensively investigated in Chinese. Our article traces the diachrony of these verbs from the Archaic Chinese period (5th - 2nd centuries BCE, corresponding to the Classical Chinese by excellence) to the present-day Chinese, showing that they have very rarely been grammaticalized into aspect markers, as has been the case in other languages. We also examine the semantic distinction between the expression of a dynamic vs. static action, as well as the syntactic behavior of these positional verbs. We finally discuss their links with locative / existential verbs from the Early Medieval Chinese onwards (3rd c. CE) and the grammaticalization path that has been hypothesized according to which the posture verbs have been first reanalyzed into locative/existential verbs before being grammaticalized into aspectual markers will be tested.
Fragment questions in Chinese: At the syntax-pragmatics interface
Authors: Yang Xiaolong , Zhou Yong
Published: December 2022

Fragment questions (henceforth FQs) in Mandarin Chinese usually end up with the particlene. In the literature (e.g. Wei 2013, 2016, 2018), Chineseneis construed as functioning similarly to Koeran particle-yoand Chinese FQs are analyzed as a fronting-ellipsis phenomenon. Within the framework of Dynamic Syntax (Kempson et al. 2001; Cann et al. 2005), a parsing-based account of Chinese FQs is proposed, showing that (i)nein Chinese FQs will trigger the REGENERATION process to re-use a macro of actions stored in the previous context; (ii) Semantically, Chinese FQs are often employed as queries about another relatively separate event in connection with the previous one; pragmatically, FQs shows speakers’ interest towards additional information.
Transcending and Calling – One Hundred Years of Philosophical Study in China and its Future Tendency
Authors: Li-wen Zhang
Published: December 2022

The central topic for the philosophical study in China during the past century was to relate our study to Western philosophy and solve the problem of the modernization of Chinese philosophy. Thus, the development of Chinese philosophy during this period is marked by identifying itself with Western criteria of values in addition to its self-orientation, self-introspection, self-development, and self-perfection. In the 21st century, Chinese philosophers will transcend the boundaries of the country to reconcile itself with the world and, at the same time, maintain a style of our own and set up a new theoretical system of Chinese philosophy.

At the turn of the century and millennium, it is customary to look back and summarize the state of development of this century, drawing inspiration and lessons from it to anticipate and look forward to the next century. Since the 1990s, Chinese philosophical circles have held various forms of seminars on this topic, raising insightful and contemplative questions that have contributed significantly to an in-depth exploration of the issue.
Entschärfung des Essentialismusvorwurfs: Einige methodische Überlegungen zur Praxis der Kulturphilosophie
Authors: Ames Roger T.
Published: December 2022

Ein wohlbekannter kritischer Einwand gegen jene unter uns, die versuchen, kulturelle Unterschiede im Dienste verantwortungsvoller kultureller Vergleiche hervorzuheben, richtet sich darauf, dass wir uns dabei der Essentialisierung genau dieser Kulturen schuldig machen. Essentialismus ist dabei als eine Verallgemeinerung zu verstehen, die besagt, dass bestimmte Eigenschaften einer gegebenen Bevölkerung innerhalb dieser Kultur universell und zugleich ihr eigentümlich sind, demnach nicht von kontingenten Kontexten abhängen und dass wiederum ebendiese Eigenschaften Relativismus und Inkommensurabilität unter den Kulturen bedingen. In diesem Essay möchte ich den Widerstand einiger zeitgenössischer Forscher anfechten, die es ablehnen, grobe kulturelle Verallgemeinerungen als notwendig zu akzeptieren, wenn es darum geht, die reichhaltigen Differenzen, die zwischen Traditionen walten, zu respektieren und so weit als möglich einen verarmenden Kulturreduktionismus zu vermeiden. Ich würde voraussetzen, dass die Wipfel eines kontinuierlich emergierenden kulturellen Vokabulars selbst in einem tiefen und relativ stabilen Grund aus unbenannten Annahmen wurzeln, die sich über Generationen in der Sprache, den Gebräuchen und den Lebensformen einer lebendigen Tradition abgelagert haben. Und weiter möchte ich argumentieren, dass das Versäumnis, den fundamentalen Charakter kultureller Differenzen als eine ursprüngliche Absicherung gegen die Vergehen des „Essentialismus“ anzuerkennen, selbst nicht harmlos ist. Tatsächlich bewirkt diese Ablehnung kultureller Verallgemeinerungen ironischerweise eine unkritische Essentialisierung der je eigenen kulturellen Annahmen, so dass sich ebendiese Voraussetzungen in die Interpretationen der Lebens- und Denkweisen anderer Traditionen einschleichen.
Literature and Philosophy in Global Dialogue: The Educational Encounter
Authors: Chamat Natalie
Published: December 2022

Literature-Philosophy apprehends the encounter of literature and philosophy as an open dialogue, where the commonality of a specific distance with regard to
ἐπιστήμη
serves to open up discourse beyond knowledge and epistemology. This article serves the purpose to argue for
reading in translation
as a core element of the methodological toolkit and part of a study-focus on Literature-Philosophy in a curriculum of Global Philosophy. It will therefore start by sketching a contextualization of
Tschuang-Tse. Reden und Gleichnisse
, Martin Buber’s poetic renderings of 莊子
,
to introduce into how and why his philosophy of dialogue in her educational form stays trapped within an aesthetically motivated hierarchy of explanation.
Le maître ignorant
by Jacques Rancière will provide a restructuring of the educational encounter as a kind of emancipatory literary poetics of subjectivation inquiry and experience that is political, rather than power-related.
Durability of Bitumen-Stabilized Materials
Authors: Jenkins Kim J.
Published: December 2022

Bitumen-stabilized material (BSM) technology has been developed to stabilize base layers with bitumen to become flexible and durable (moisture resistant) with less than half of the application rate of bitumen that would be used in asphalt. This technology enables bitumen to be dispersed in meniscal droplets among the aggregates of the base layer. Dispersion takes place along with moisture and active filler but without heating the components. Given the need for flexible base layers with moderate stiffness that are not prone to cracking, conventional bases come up short. Cemented bases have high and sometimes variable stiffness, are brittle, and crack; unbound bases have low stiffness, are porous, and rut; whereas asphalt bases are temperature sensitive but, more importantly, are economically and environmentally expensive. The ideal base would be a load-spreading interlayer with intermediate stiffness between that of the surfacing and subbase, i.e., a balanced pavement. The “noncontinuously bound” nature of a BSM results in only partially coated aggregates above the size of 0.300 mm, whereas the majority of the bitumen produces a mastic of finer aggregates (active filler and bitumen) that produce flexible spot welds within the matrix. The hydrophobicity of the bitumen provides robust durability and moisture resistance. In addition, the composition of a BSM base, i.e., approximately 50 % stiffness of asphalt, provides that necessary balance. This state-of-the-art paper identifies the key durability properties that need to be addressed, with the objective of a pavement structure that achieves an adequate lifespan. A number of factors need to be considered and understood, i.e., the role of all components (aggregate, bitumen, active filler, and moisture) and their volumetrics, compaction, permeability, and performance test methods and limits all play a role in satisfying BSM durability.
Mechanical and Environmental Performances of Warm Mix Asphalt with Reclaimed Asphalt and Plant-Based Binder
Authors: Van Rompu Julien , Olard François , Pouget Simon , Schrevel Florent , Geisler Flavien
Published: December 2022

The environmental challenges facing society today are forcing the road construction industry to tackle the twin challenges of decreasing consumption of nonrenewable raw materials and limiting its carbon impacts. Yet, roadworks can deliver some genuine environmental benefits, along with low greenhouse gas emissions, by becoming a carbon sink. Recycling very high proportions of road construction materials and gradually incorporating bio-based products into their composition is now a proven solution. To this end, Eiffage Route has developed a range of plant-based binders, suitable for recycling, which incorporate a high proportion of materials recovered from existing pavement. This article reviews the so-called Biophalt innovation that won the 2019 award presented at the Road and Street Innovation Committee established by the Transport Infrastructure Department of the French Ministry of the Ecological Transition. It consists of a warm mix asphalt (WMA), including a high amount (>30 %) of recycled asphalt and a plant-based patented binder, suitable for any type of traffic. Both environmental and mechanical performances of Biophalt, assessed through SEVE TP modeling and several mix design studies carried out in the framework of different jobsites, are presented. They underline the “carbon sink” properties of the bio-based WMA as well as its compliance with standards defined by the norms of the French asphalt mix design method. It thus demonstrates Biophalt’s ability to combine both sustainability and excellent mechanical characteristics.
Study on Moisture Management Properties of Cotton/Polyester Knitted Fabrics
Authors: Mahalakshmi V. , Pachiayappan K. M. , Udaya Krithika S. M. , Prakash C.
Published: December 2022

Comfortability of a fabric is achieved by improving the moisture management behavior of the knitwear. In our study, the moisture management behavior of polyester and cotton fibers blended in 100:0, 50:50, and 0:100 ratios in four different structures such as single jersey, cross tuck, cross miss, and twill at two different loop lengths, 0.29 and 0.32 cm, were studied. Objective fabric tests were conducted to analyze the thermal properties of various knitwear. The results clearly proved that the knit fabric made of 100 % polyester has better moisture management behavior and a considerable level of comfort. Therefore, polyester can be applied to active sportswear fabrics. The structure of the fabric and the length of the loops in the fabric further affect the moisture management behavior. The cross-stitch 100 % polyester knit fabric with a loop length of 0.32 has excellent moisture management behavior, which provides excellent moisture management property compared with all other samples.
A Novel Application of Red Mud in Improving Aging Resistance of Asphalt
Authors: Xiao Junwei , Liu Xiaowei , Zhang Henglong , Bi Yufeng , Zhang Jizhe , Xu Run
Published: December 2022

Red mud, a kind of residue after extracting alumina from bauxite, can be a potential anti-aging agent because of its special structure for absorbing light components and retarding oxygen penetration of asphalt. Therefore, the study aims at investigating the feasibility of red mud as modifier of asphalt and most importantly, to improve aging resistance. Modified asphalt was prepared from different contents of red mud (0 %, 1 %, 3 %, and 5 % by weight of asphalt). Conventional asphalt tests and accelerated thermal and ultraviolet aging of asphalt were conducted. The aging of asphalt mixture preparation and asphalt pavement in service is analogous to oven aging and a self-designed ultraviolet aging in the laboratory. The change of chemical components of asphalt after aging was analyzed. The results show that the physical adsorption of red mud and asphalt affects the performance of asphalt. Compared with matrix asphalt, red mud-modified asphalt shows excellent high-temperature deformation resistance and elasticity properties. Moreover, the aging index of red mud-modified asphalts is smaller, and red mud inhibits the formation of carbonyl and sulfoxide during asphalt aging. The slight changes of asphalt performance after aging indicates that it has good aging resistance.
The knowledge of rural secondary school students on spectacle wear for correction of refractive errors: a south east Nigerian study
Authors: Ogbu Nneka , Arinze Obinna , Okoloagu Nkiruka , Edak Ezeanosike , Ndudi Ossa Edmund , William Ireka , Jane Onyekachi , Ogbonnaya Chimdia , Okosa Chimdi Chuka
Published: December 2022

Background: Uncorrected refractive error, the second commonest cause of preventable blindness globally, places a heavy burden on individuals and the society. Spectacles remain the cheapest mode of its correction. Despite the affordability and accessibility of spectacles, the prevalence of uncorrected refractive error remains high due to low demand for spectacles when needed. This could be related to knowledge regarding spectacle wear. Objective: To assess the knowledge of rural secondary school students in Ebonyi State on spectacle wear for correction of refractive errors with a view to improving their utilization of spectacle wear for refractive error correction. Methods: This study was a descriptive cross-sectional questionnaire-based survey of 11 randomly selected rural secondary schools in Ebonyi State, done from September, 2016 to December, 2016. The study instrument was a pretested, researcher-administered questionnaire with sub-fields on participant’s socio-demographics and knowledge of rural secondary school students towards spectacle wear for correction of refractive errors. The collected data was analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) software for windows, version 22.0. Good knowledge of spectacle use was determined by proportion of students who correctly answered 50% of the questions. Descriptive statistics yield frequencies, percentages and proportions, analytical statistics utilized Chi-square or Fishers’ exact test for categorical variables, and student-t test for continuous variables. A p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: There were 453 participants comprising 192 (42.4%) males and 261 (57.6%) females (M: F = 1:1.4) aged 11 to 18 with a mean age of 14.6 ± 1.8 SD years. Most (60.3%; n=273) of the respondents had good knowledge of spectacle wear for refractive error correction. Predictors of good knowledge included being: male, (AOR=0.5; 95% CI = 0.317-0.780), p< 0.002, junior class (AOR=0.6 95% CI: 0.420-0.989), p <0.044, father being self-employed (AOR=1.8,95% CI: 1.173- 2.858), p< 0.008, mother being self-employed (AOR=0.4, 95% CI: 0.173-0.795), p< 0.011 and mothers being unemployed (AOR=0.3, 95% CI: 0.104-0.857), p< 0.025. Conclusion: Knowledge of spectacle wear for correction of refractive error was generally good. However most of the participants had poor knowledge of the use of eye glasses for correction of refractive errors.
Palliative care and locked-in syndrome: Brazilian case report
Authors: Othero Marilia Bense , Rocha Juraci Aparecida
Published: December 2022

The Locked-in syndrome (LIS) is characterized by tetraplegia, aphasia and preservation of the level of consciousness, and it´s associated with a poor prognosis. The palliative approach to these patients is a challenge. This article aims to examine how palliative care could improve LIS patients’ quality of life. It is a case report of a male patient, 29 years, married, photographer, with LIS after traumatic brain injury (TBI), assisted at a hospice in São Paulo. Palliative Care for situations like this is still a relatively unexplored field; in Brazil, there are no published studies. The identification LIS is a clinical challenge and misdiagnosis can occur; the association of serial clinical examination, imaging tests and multimodal neurophysiological evaluation is necessary. The care provided by the Palliative Care team provided symptom control and emotional support to the patient and family. However, the integration with the Neurology team was insipient. It was observed that the access to the health services and health technologies were complicated factors. The lack of early diagnosis and rehabilitation also interfered negatively in the process, causing psychological and social suffering to the patient and his family.
Etiology of a diarrhoea epidemic among employees of a poultry farm in the city of N’zérékoré, Republic of Guinea
Authors: Sangare Sangare Mory , Sangare Lanciné , Keita Namory , Sidibe Youssouf
Published: December 2022

Objective: Acute diarrheal diseases are a primary and recurrent health concern among poultry workers. This study is designed is to determine the causative agent of an epidemic which broke out among the 510 employees of a poultry farm in the City of N'zérékoré. Methodology: Systematic survey was implored according to a list drawn up by the personal chef of the To detect germs commonly implicated in food-borne illnesses, a biological analysis of the stools with the Polymerase Chain Reaction was performed, followed by a direct examination of the stools and poultry feed. Statistical processing was achieved with the BiostatGV software. Results: 104 cases (20,4%) of Salmonella typhi DNA positivity were detected in these stool samples, including 50 cases (9.8%) positive in men versus 54 cases (10.59%) positive in women. the most affected are: (18-29) years old 6.5%, followed by that of (30-41) years old with 5.7%. 73 cases (14,3%) of DNA positivity of Campylobacter spp detected including 44 positive cases in men i.e., 8.6% against 29 positive cases in women, i.e., 5.69%. 32 positive cases (6,3%) of Tapeworm spp eggs detected, including 12 positive cases in men, i.e., 2.4% against 20 positive cases in women, i.e., 3,92%. Conclusion: Among the 510 farm employees, Salmonella typhi, Campylobacters spp, and Tapeworm spp were responsible for the acute diarrhea epidemic declared on 01 / July / 2022.
Arbuscular vesicular mycorrhizae in olive tree (Olea europaea L.)
Authors: Barbaro Gabriela Di , González Basso Valeria
Published: December 2022

The objective of the work was to determine the general and sanitary condition of olive seedlings (Olea europaea L.). For which the presence of the main microbial group that colonizes the roots of the seedlings of this crop was investigated. To determine and assess fungal root infection, colonization by native fungal organisms in roots of olive trees produced in a nursery in the Central Valley of the province of Catamarca (Argentina) was studied. The studies were carried out by microscopic observation of stained fungal structures within the root, using clarification and staining methodologies. Typical structures of endomycorrhizae such as hyphae, arbuscules and vesicles (MVA), and dark septate endophytic fungi (ESO) with septate, melanized hyphae and numerous microsclerotia were observed. This first condition is desirable in all plants due to its ability to promote plant growth of mycorrhizal-forming fungi
The insecticidal potential of neem extracts (Azadirachta indica JUUS) against whiteflies (B. tabaci) in tomato crops
Authors: Graciano-Obeso Adalid , Pollorena-López Gregorio , Humarán-Sarmiento Viridiana
Published: December 2022

The tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) is one of the main vegetables grown in Sinaloa. This crop is affected by pest insects, such as the white fly (Bemisia tabaci). The objective was to evaluate the effect of different doses of neem-based biorational insecticide on the population density of whiteflies. A completely randomized design was established to evaluate the population density of whitefly adults. The treatments evaluated were different doses of neem leaf extracts (NLE): (T1) control, (T2) 200 g NLE•L-1, (T3) 300 g NLE•L-1, (T4) 400 g NLE•L-1 and (T5) 500 g NLE•L-1. An analysis of covariance was applied to the data obtained and the difference between the means was evaluated using the Tukey test with an α=0.05. Neem extracts had an effect on population density (p≤0.05), by reducing the population as the concentration of the extracts increased. T5 presented the highest reduction with 43.56%±1.6, while T4 presented a reduction of 39.27%±1.7, compared to the control. However, the application of T5 causes damage to the plant, so it can be considered that T4 is more suitable for its application. Therefore, neem extracts had an effect in controlling the whitefly population.
Formulation of a mayonnaise-type dressing with the addition of a majagua flower extract (Talipariti elatum Sw)
Authors: Iglesias Guevara Dairon
Published: December 2022

In this work, a mayonnaise-type dressing was formulated with the addition of a majagua flower extract (Talipariti elatum Sw.) using a mixture design for which the percentages of extract, oil and water were taken into account. The antioxidant capacity of the extract to be used was also determined by the DPPH(2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) method and some quality indices related to the plant material. An analysis of the sensory profile was carried out on the elaborated product, taking into account the attributes indicated in the literature. The extract presented a high antioxidant capacity. From the organoleptic point of view, it presented an amber red color and a strong presence of bitter and astringent principles. In addition, the CIELAB method for color determination could be used effectively. The formulation with the best acceptance was 10 % extract, 62.7 % oil and 2 % water, for a rating of 'Like' obtained from a linear model from which the components Extract and Oil turned out to be those of greater influence on the response variable. From the analysis of the sensory profile, it can be seen that the descriptor "stickiness" was the worst evaluated followed by "color" mainly due to the formulation used and the color of the extract.
Investigation on urinary tract infections following C-section and assessment of CTX-M and TEM genes prevalence in Escherichia coli and Klebsiella causing the infections in Lamerd
Authors: Jamali Houshang , Iran Davood
Published: December 2022

Background and objectives: Antibiotics are usually prescribed by surgeons before and after surgery to prevent postoperative infections. Prophylaxes used for cesarean section in Lamerd are cefazolin and cephalexin. According to studies carried out, urinary tract infections can also occur in spite of the above prescribed antibiotics. So, this research was carried out to determine those strains resistant to the mentioned antibiotics and also to identify genes causing resistance in antibiotic-resistant strains. Methods: 140 cases of mothers who had cesarean section (C-section) were considered in this study. The research began in April and lasted till July 2014 for case selection and sampling. It was emphasized to those women delivered via C-section to refer to laboratory 15 days after delivery. UA-UC tests were done on them. Phenotypic confirmatory test was performed for cefazolin and cephalexin antibiotic-resistant strains in the presence of ceftazidime, ceftazidime/clavulanic acid and cefotaxime, cefotaxime/clavulanic acid discs. The presence of CTX-M and TEM genes in the resistant strains were examined finally by performing PCR test. Results: Of 140 studied C-sections, 10 cases of urinary tract infections including 3 cases of E. coli (2.1%), 1 Klebsiella (0.7), 2 cases of Proteus (1.4%) and 4 cases of Staphylococcus (2.8%) were observed. According to phenotypic confirmatory test, Escherichia coli and Klebsiella strains were isolated as strains containing ESBL for next studies. Finally, according to PCR test for Escherichia coli and Klebsiella isolates, all of them contained CTX-M and TEM genes. Conclusion: It is necessary that microbial culture and antibiogram tests to be done before administering any antibiotics, in order to prevent the spread of strains containing ESBL with proper prescription of antibiotics.
The oxalate-degrading activity of Lactobacillus spp. isolated from different sources as the potential probiotic modulators for oxalate homeostasis
Authors: Akulenko Iryna , Skovorodka Marharyta , Serhiichuk Tetiana , Tolstanova Ganna
Published: December 2022

Background: Currently, diseases of the urinary system are observed in 3.5–4% of the world's population. According to WHO, the number of people suffering from this pathology doubles every 7–10 years. To date, hyperoxaluria is considered as the main risk factor for the formation of oxalate-calcium stones, which account for 75% of all kidney stones. One of the main causes of hyperoxaluria is a decrease in the number of microorganisms capable of degrading oxalates, which occurs due to the disruption of the intestinal microbiota. Oxalate-degrading bacteria include the genera Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, Oxalobacter formigenes etc. Searching of probiotic strains with high oxalate-degrading activity have become one of the priorities from the context of research. The aim of the present study was to isolate Lactobacillus spp from different sources and to determine their ability to degrade oxalate. Methods: A total of 23 Lactobacillus spp. from food of animal and vegetable origin were isolated with selective MRS Broth medium and further cultured on MRS Agar or Oxalate Medium with 5 g/l sodium oxalate. ANAERO test23 was used to assess the species affiliation. Oxalate-degrading activity (ODA) was measured by redox titration with KMnO4. Results: Only 7 species of isolated bacteria out of 23 showed the ability to grow on the oxalate-containing culture medium. According to the morphological and physiological-biochemical characteristics, these bacteria belonged to the genus Lactobacillus: L. nagelii – 2 spp, L. rhamnosus – 2 spp., L. frumenti - 1 spp, L. plantarum – 1 spp, L. acidophilu – 1 spp. The most active metabolizers of oxalate on Oxalate Medium were L. plantarum S3 – 42%; L. acidophilus S5 – 38%, and L. nagelii Z2 – 35%; the worst results were shown by L. rhamnosus K7 and L. nagelii S12 – both metabolized only 7% of sodium oxalate. Conclusions: The redoximetric titration with KMnO4 was adopted to evaluate the ODA of bacteria in culture media. Lactobacillus spp. isolated from different sources differs according to the level of ODA. Three promising Lactobacillus species were selected for further estimation of probiotic profile.
Morphologic and textural effects of gelation and mechanochemical activation on dry or wetted simple and complex nanooxides
Authors:   Chuiko Institute of Surface Chemistry of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Gun’ko V. M.
Published: December 2022

The characteristics and properties of fumed oxides depend strongly on various external actions that is of importance from a practical point of view. Therefore, gelation or high-pressure cryogelation (HPC) of aqueous media pure or with 0.1 M NaCl, and mechanochemical activation (MCA) of dry or wetted powders of individual (silica, alumina, their mechanical blends) and complex (silica/titania, alumina/silica/titania, AST1, AST1/A–300) nanooxides were studied to analyze the influence of the nanooxide composition, particulate morphology, and preparation conditions on changes in the morphological and textural characteristics of treated samples. The temperature-pressure behavior of different phases (silica, alumina, and titania) under HPC can result in destroy of complex core-shell nanoparticles (100–200 nm in size) in contrast to small nonporous nanoparticles, NPNP (5–20 nm). The textural characteristics of nanooxides are sensitive to any external actions due to compaction of such supra-NPNP structures as aggregates of nanoparticles, agglomerates of aggregates, and visible structures in powders. The compaction of supra-NPNP enhances the pore volume but much weakly affects the specific surface area (with one exception of AST1) because small NPNP are relatively stable during any external actions (HPC, MCA). The compacted materials are characterized by enhanced mesoporosity shifted to macroporosity with decreasing specific surface area and increasing sizes of nanoparticles or to mesopores with increasing MCA time or amounts of water in wetted powders. At low hydration of the A–300 powder (h = 0.5 g/g), the value of SBET slightly increases if MCA is provided by stirring or ball-milling. Diminution of the freezing temperature from 208 to 77.4 K during HPC results in enhanced compaction of aggregates and agglomerates but this does not practically affect the primary nanoparticles. The degree of decomposition of core-shell nanoparticles of AST1 does not practically increase with decreasing freezing temperature from 208 to 77.4 K. Decomposition of core-shell AST1 particles is inhibited under HPC by added A–300 (1 : 1) working as a damper.
Synthesis, properties and application possibilities of X-ray luminescent nanocrystalline lanthanum phosphate
Authors:   Chuiko Institute of Surface Chemistry of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kusyak A. P. , Petranovska A. L. ,   Chuiko Institute of Surface Chemistry of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Turanska S. P. ,   Chuiko Institute of Surface Chemistry of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Oranska O. I. ,   Chuiko Institute of Surface Chemistry of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Shuba Ya. M. ,   Bogomoletz Institute of Physiology of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kravchuk D. I. ,   Bogomoletz Institute of Physiology of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kravchuk L. I. ,   Bogomoletz Institute of Physiology of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Nazarenko V. G. ,   Institute of Physics of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kravchuk R. M. ,   Institute of Physics of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Dubok V. A. ,   Frantsevich Institute for Problems of Materials Science of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine Ukraine, Chornyi V. S. ,   Bogomolets National Medical University Ukraine, Bur’yanov O. A. ,   Bogomolets National Medical University Ukraine, Sobolevs’kyy Yu. L. ,   Bogomolets National Medical University Ukraine, Gorbyk P. P. ,   Chuiko Institute of Surface Chemistry of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
Published: December 2022

The purpose of the work is the synthesis of samples of X-ray luminescent nanodispersed lanthanum phosphate activated with terbium (LaРО4:Tb3+), the study of their structural properties and luminescence spectra when excited by ultraviolet and X-ray radiation, as well as determination of the possibility of their use in nanocomposites with bioactive glass and colloidal nanosystems. Samples of nanocrystalline lanthanum phosphate were synthesized composed of LaPO4·0.5H2O, of hexagonal syngonium, activated with terbium, their structural properties, luminescence spectra were studied upon excitation by UV and X-ray radiation, a possibility was shown to use them in nanocomposites with bioactive sol-gel glass and aqueous colloidal systems. Composites of 60S bioglass with nanodispersed crystalline LaPO4:Tb3+ in the dry state and in distilled water medium demonstrated the presence of luminescence when excited by UV and X-ray radiation. The given data indicate the perspective of nanodispersed phosphors based on lanthanum phosphate, their composites with bioactive sol-gel glass in colloidal systems, for use in optopharmacology and photodynamic therapy of diseases localized in bone tissues. In addition, the results of research can be useful for technical applications, in particular, in the creation of luminescent detectors of high-energy electromagnetic radiation, development of photo- and optoelectronic devices, etc.
Structural and morphological features of microcrystalline сellulose from soybean straw by organosolvent treatment
Authors:   V.P. Kukhar Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry and Petrochemistry of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Tkachenko T. V. , Kamenskyh D. S. ,   V.P. Kukhar Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry and Petrochemistry of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Sheludko Y. V. ,   V.P. Kukhar Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry and Petrochemistry of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Yevdokymenko V. O. ,   V.P. Kukhar Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry and Petrochemistry of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
Published: December 2022

The main idea of this work is to study the possibility of obtaining microcrystalline cellulose from multi-ton and low-value agricultural waste and investigation its structural properties. Air-dry soybean straw, an agricultural waste, was used for the research. Microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) was obtained from it by the method of organo-solvent cooking. Using the methods of XRD, XRF, FTIR-ATR, AFM, TGA and DSC, the structure and morphology of MCC were studied. It is found that increasing the hydromodule reduces the content of lignin and inorganic components. At the same time, both the yields of the MCC and its qualitative characteristics are declining. First of all, the crystallinity index of the MCC decreases with the increasing amount of the liquor ration. The band corresponded to symmetric CH2 bendings at 1435–1429 cm–1, that is known as the crystallinity band, decreased with increasing amount of the liquor ration. The AFM method shows that when forming the surfaces of MCC 10 particles, not only groups of particles are formed, the heights of the elements of which range from 23.8–28.1 to 16.9–26.8 nm, but also elongated units on the surface of which there are individual particles. The surface roughness is 1.6 nm. At the same time, the surface of the MCC 15 has a surface roughness Ra = 3.1 nm. The particles are distributed throughout the scan, with no clusters of particles and their agglomerates, and their heights are 14.4; 18.7; 20.6; 17.4 and 23.9; 18.1; 24.7 nm. 3D image of the particles showed that the particles are pyramids of different configurations similar to the particles in the MCC 10. It should be noted that the range of depressions and heights characteristic of MCC 15 is much smaller (from –13 to +20.7 nm) than in the MCC 10 (from –17.5 to 45.5 nm).
Island-type structures with hypercoordinated atoms
Authors:   Chuiko Institute of Surface Chemistry of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Grebenyuk A. G.
Published: December 2022

Experimental data and the results of theoretical modeling of the spatial structure and chemical properties of isolated particles (molecules and clusters) characterized by the presence of hypercoordinated atoms and the molecular crystals formed by them have been analyzed. Methods of describing the distribution of electron density in molecular crystals and their polymorphism are considered. The influence of the chemical nature of the molecules of binary compounds on their capability to associate and form clusters is described, and the transition from dispersion interaction to coordination bonds in such structures is traced.The review highlights the properties of many dimers, trimers and oligomers of hydrides and halides of chemical elements of different valence, clusters of elemental-organic and coordination (both inorganic and organic nature) compounds, polyhedral structures with non-classical coordination of atoms, in particular, metal carbohedrenes. The results of quantum chemical calculations using the methods of Hartree-Fock (HF), configurational interaction, electron density functional theory (DFT) and second-order Möller-Plesset perturbation theory (MP2) of the spatial structure and energy characteristics of the considered models are discussed. Theoretical results are compared with available experimental data.
Determination of the influence of the hydrophobic component on water hold in the composite system created on the base of methylsilica and microcrystalline cellulose
Authors:   Chuiko Institute of Surface Chemistry of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Turov V. V. , Zrol L. V. ,   Chuiko Institute of Surface Chemistry of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Krupska T. V. ,   Chuiko Institute of Surface Chemistry of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
Published: December 2022

Heterogeneous composite systems created on the basis of nanosized methylsilica AM1-200 and microcrystalline cellulose were investigated using the method of low-temperature 1H NMR spectroscopy. Thermodynamic parameters of bound water in hydrated microcrystalline cellulose (MSC) powders and AM1/MSC composites at different ratios of hydrophobic and hydrophilic components were measured. It was established that the hydrophobic component is able to stabilize the aqueous system in the MSS/AM1 composite powders even when the amount of water is twice the amount of the solid phase. From the distributions of the radii of adsorbed water clusters, it follows that in highly hydrated composites, a significant part of the water is in the form of nanodroplets with a radius of several tens of nm
Extraction of Hg2+ ions from aqueous solutions nanocomposites based on magnetite
Authors:   Chuiko Institute of Surface Chemistry of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kusyak N. , Melnyk I. ,   Institute of Geotechnics Slovak Academy of Sciences, Kusyak A. ,   Chuiko Institute of Surface Chemistry of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Petranovska A. ,   Chuiko Institute of Surface Chemistry of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Dzubenko L. ,   Chuiko Institute of Surface Chemistry of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Shlianina A. ,   Zhytomyr Applied College of Pharmacy Zhytomyr Oblast Council, Gorbyk P. ,   Chuiko Institute of Surface Chemistry of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
Published: December 2022

The aim of the work is to study the adsorption properties of nanosized magnetite (Fe3O4) and nanocomposites based on it capable of sorption of Hg2+ ions from aqueous solutions. The direction of research includes the synthesis of nanoscale single-domain magnetite as a magnetosensitive carrier, modification of its surface with a biocompatible coating. The following samples were synthesized for research: Fe3O4, Fe3O4/SiO2 and Fe3O4/DMSA (meso-2,3-dimercaptosuccinic acid), Fe3O4/SiO2/DMSA. Coatings known for their biocompatibility with the environment of a living organism were used to modify the surface of magnetite nanoparticles, in particular, tetraethoxysilane and DMSA. Adsorption of Hg2+ ions on the surface of magnetite and nanocomposites (NCs) was carried out in an aqueous medium in the concentration range С0 = 1,0 – 40,0 mg/l (g = 0,03 g, V = 5 ml, pH = 2,7 ) for 1 hour at room temperature. The concentration of Hg2+ ions before and after adsorption was determined photometrically in the form of monosubstituted dithizonate at a wavelength of 490 nm. The pHIIP value of the surface of the synthesized nanocomposites was determined, and the dependence of the sorption activity on the pH level and the isoionic point of the surface in the range of pH= 2 – 9 was established. To study the kinetics of sorption, a solution with a concentration of Hg2+ = 36 mg/l and pH = 2,7 was used, with a contact time of 15 – 180 minutes. The kinetics and isotherm of sorption were analyzed using kinetic equations and models that take into account the contribution of the chemical reaction to the sorption process. It was established that the kinetics of sorption of Hg2+ ions corresponds to the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. Sorption isotherms correspond to the Freundlich model. The obtained data can be useful in the creation of magnetically controlled sorption materials for the extraction of Hg2+ ions from aqueous solutions and biological fluids.
Hybrid composites prepared by carbonization of acetylacetone and metal acetylacetonates on a surface of silica gel
Authors:   Chuiko Institute of Surface Chemistry of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Gun'ko V. M. , Skubiszewska J. ,   Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, Charmas B. ,   Maria Curie-Skłodowska University
Published: December 2022

Hybrid adsorbents with carbon/silica, carbon/metal oxide/silica, and carbon/metal/silica could be of interest from a practical point of view since they can effectively adsorb both polar and nonpolar compounds. Therefore, mesoporous silica gel Si–60 modified by carbonization acetylacetone or Ti, Zn, Ni, Co, Cr, Zr acetylacetonates has been studied using nitrogen and water adsorption–desorption, thermogravimetry, transmission electron microscopy, X–ray diffraction, and X–ray fluorescence methods. Grafted C/X phases consist of metal compounds (X denotes metal oxide or silicate or/and metal) and char, whose characteristics can be varied changing metal in the precursors and their amounts. The morphological, structural, and textural characteristics of C/X/SiO2, such as composition and particle size distributions of deposits, a number and kind of polar and non polar surface sites, specific surface area, pore volume, and pore size distributions depend on the type, content, and distribution of the C/X deposits. The changes in the grafted matters occur with increasing precursor and C/X concentrations and a possible catalytic effect of the X phases on the carbonization reactions. Appropriate selection of precursor structure and amounts allows one to vary and control the characteristics of whole hybrid adsorbents that is of importance from a practical point of view.
The role of heat shock proteins in predicting the course of the climacteric syndrome
Authors:   Bogomolets National Medical University, Kyiv, Ukraine, Sokol I.V. , Govsieiev D.O. ,   Bogomolets National Medical University, Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: December 2022

The problem of menopause has been relevant for many decades. A pathogenetically justified method of treatment, taking into account the change in the hormonal background of a woman, is hormone replacement therapy. Determination of immune markers of cellular homeostasis is one of the promising directions, therefore, the study of changes in the levels of antibodies to HSP60 can become a reliable marker of both the course and compensation of disorders of the neurovegetative state in perimenopause. Purpose - to study the role of anti-Müllerian, follicle-stimulating, luteinizing, thyroid-stimulating hormones, antibodies (IgG) to human heat shock protein 60 (HSP60) and its bacterial homologue (GroEl), and obstetric history on the diagnosis and treatment of vasomotor symptoms in perimenopausal women. Materials and methods. 158 patients with climacteric syndrome in perimenopause were examined in the period October 2019 - March 2022. The Group 1 (main) included 80 patients who agreed to treatment and received it according to the standard scheme: combined treatment in a cyclical regimen - estrogens (17β-estradiol) + progestogens (dydrogesterone); the Group 2 (comparison) included 78 women who refused treatment due to estrogen deficiency. Results. Revealed a decrease (p<0.01) in the risk of not achieving a high treatment effect with vasomotor symptoms for treated patients, OR=0.04 (95% CI: 0.01-0.18) compared to the group of untreated patients. With the number of deliveries, the risk of not achieving a high treatment effect in women with vasomotor symptoms increases (p=0.01), OR=2.27 (95% CI: 1.2-4.27) for each delivery. A lower (p=0.039) risk of not achieving a high treatment effect was found in women with vasomotor symptoms at a higher GroEl level, ОR=0.994 (95% CI: 0.987-1.000) for each ng. When standardizing by the thyrotropin hormone and the manifestation of vasomotor symptoms before or without treatment, a decrease (p<0.001) in the risk of not achieving a high effect of treatment in women with vasomotor symptoms for treated patients was found, OR=0.04 (95% CI: 0.01-0.20). Conclusions. This study found that there is no informative indicator for predicting the effectiveness of treatment in women with vasomotor symptoms. It was established that the HSP60 indicator does not affect, and the GroEl indicator affects the effectiveness of the treatment of vasomotor clinical manifestations. The research was carried out in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. The study protocol was approved by the Local Ethics Committee of the institutions. The informed consent of the women was obtained for conducting the studies. No conflict of interest was declared by the authors.
Implementasi Pemberdayaan Ekonomi Masyarakat Pada Bantuan Modal Bergulir Jatim Makmur di Lembaga Filantropi Islam Baznaz Jatim
Authors: Andriani Zakariya Novie
Published: December 2022

ekonomi masyarakat pada bantuan modal bergulir melalui program Jatim Makmur di Lembaga filantropi Islam Baznas Jatim. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif. Hasil penelitian ini yaitu mengetahui implementasi pemberdayaan ekonomi masyarakat pada bantuan modal bergulir melalui program Jatim Makmur di Lembaga filantropi Islam Baznas Jatim dilakukan dengan berbagai cara, yaitu: memberikan bantuan secara berjenjang, mensupport jika usahanya berkembang, saling menjaga hubungan antara amil dengan mustahik sebagai komunikasi, silaturohim, dan pengontrol usaha mustahik yang diberi bantuan modal bergulir. 
 
This study aims to determine the implementation of community economic empowerment in revolving capital assistance through the East Java Prosperity program at the Baznas Islamic philanthropy Institute in East Java. This study uses a qualitative method. The results of this study are knowing the implementation of community economic empowerment on revolving capital assistance through the East Java Prosperity program at the Baznas East Java Islamic philanthropic institution carried out in various ways, namely: providing assistance in stages, supporting if operating develops, maintaining mutual relationships between amil and mustahik as communication, silaturohim, and mustahik business controllers who are given revolving capital assistance..