bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Disordered-nanoparticle–based etalon for ultrafast humidity-responsive colorimetric sensors and anti-counterfeiting displays
Authors: Jung Chunghwan , Kim Soo-Jung , Jang Jaehyuck , Ko Joo Hwan , Kim Doa , Ko Byoungsu , Song Young Min , Hong Sung-Hoon , Rho Junsuk
Published: March 2022

The development of real-time and sensitive humidity sensors is in great demand from smart home automation and modern public health. We hereby proposed an ultrafast and full-color colorimetric humidity sensor that consists of chitosan hydrogel sandwiched by a disordered metal nanoparticle layer and reflecting substrate. This hydrogel-based resonator changes its resonant frequency to external humidity conditions because the chitosan hydrogels are swollen under wet state and contracted under dry state. The response time of the sensor is ~10
4
faster than that of the conventional Fabry-Pérot design. The origins of fast gas permeation are membrane pores created by gaps between the metal nanoparticles. Such instantaneous and tunable response of a new hydrogel resonator is then exploited for colorimetric sensors, anti-counterfeiting applications, and high-resolution displays.
A flying Schrödinger’s cat in multipartite entangled states
Authors: Wang Zhiling , Bao Zenghui , Wu Yukai , Li Yan , Cai Weizhou , Wang Weiting , Ma Yuwei , Cai Tianqi , Han Xiyue , Wang Jiahui , Song Yipu , Sun Luyan , Zhang Hongyi , Duan Luming
Published: March 2022

Schrödinger’s cat originates from the famous thought experiment querying the counterintuitive quantum superposition of macroscopic objects. As a natural extension, several “cats” (quasi-classical objects) can be prepared into coherent quantum superposition states, which is known as multipartite cat states demonstrating quantum entanglement among macroscopically distinct objects. Here, we present a highly scalable approach to deterministically create flying multipartite Schrödinger’s cat states by reflecting coherent-state photons from a microwave cavity containing a superconducting qubit. We perform full quantum state tomography on the cat states with up to four photonic modes and confirm the existence of quantum entanglement among them. We also witness the hybrid entanglement between discrete-variable states (the qubit) and continuous-variable states (the flying multipartite cat) through a joint quantum state tomography. Our work provides an enabling step for implementing a series of quantum metrology and quantum information processing protocols based on cat states.
Revised tectono-stratigraphic scheme for the Scandinavian Caledonides and its implications for our understanding of the Scandian orogeny
Authors: Jakob Johannes , Andersen Torgeir B. , Mohn Geoffroy , Kjøll Hans Jørgen , Beyssac Olivier
Published: March 2022

The Scandinavian Caledonides formed during the continental collision between Baltica and Laurentia. During the collision, a complex nappe stack was thrust over the Baltican continental margin. The orogen can be subdivided into segments based on architectural differences within the Scandian nappes. The southern and central segments of the orogen link up in the Gudbrandsdalen area in south-central Norway. Alpine-type metaperidotite-bearing metasedimentary complexes occur in the southern and central segments and can be traced continuously along the strike of the orogen from one into the other segment. Traditionally, these units have been assigned to different tectono-stratigraphic levels, one below the Middle Allochthon and one above the Middle Allochthon. Here, we trace the Alpine-type metaperidotite-bearing units from Bergen to Esandsjøen and show that these units exhibit a common geologic and metamorphic history, consistent with the metaperidotite-bearing units representing a single tectonic unit. We suggest that the metaperidotite-bearing units can be used as a “marker level” to revise the tectono-stratigraphy of the Gudbrandsdalen and adjacent areas. The tectono-stratigraphic revisions imply that the Scandian nappe stack consists of seven tectono-stratigraphic levels that can be traced throughout the southern and central segments of the Scandinavian Caledonides. Moreover, the revision of the tectono-stratigraphy and new U-Pb geochronology data also suggest a revision of the timing of the succession of tectonic events leading up to the Scandian continental collision. The available evidence indicates that Baltica-derived tectonic units collided with the Iapetan/Laurentian subduction complexes as early as ca. 450 Ma. The initial collision was followed by in-sequence nappe formation of Baltican-derived units, which occurred contemporaneously with the opening of a marginal basin in the upper plate. After the arrival of thick, buoyant, unthinned Baltican crust at the trench, the main zone of convergence stepped outboard, the marginal basins closed, and those basins were thrust out-of-sequence over the previously assembled nappe stack.
Distribution Patterns of Main Structural-Group Parameters of Crude Oils from North Caucasus Oil-and-Gas Basin According to 1H NMR Data
Authors: Smirnov M. B. , Vanyukova N. A.
Published: March 2022

Using the 1H NMR examination of a representative set of crude oils (86 samples, 54 oil fields and exploration areas) from the North Caucasus oil-and-gas basin, we obtained, for the first time, the structural-group composition of crude oils over the entire basin. Distribution density plots were presented for all the composition parameters measured. It was demonstrated that, because none of the parameters obeys normal distribution, non-parametric statistical analysis is needed for the data processing. In particular, medians and median confidence intervals (the latter being determined by signed-rank test), rather than means or root-mean-square deviations, should be relied upon. The North Caucasus oils were found to have a markedly lower content of aromatics (both monocyclic and bi-/polycyclic) than the crude oils from Western Siberia and Volga–Urals. Compared with the Eastern Siberia basin, the North Caucasus oils are distinguished by a slightly higher presence of bicyclic and polycyclic aromatics. At the same time, the North Caucasus oils exhibit the highest content of normal and monomethylated alkanes among the four basins under consideration. The North Caucasus oils were classified into three stratigraphic groups according to their oil composition. The first group consists of Triassic and Jurassic reservoirs. These crude oils have the lowest content of aromatics and the highest content of normal and monomethylated alkanes. The second group is the Cretaceous sediments, and the third group includes Paleogenic and Neogenic deposits. The content of aromatics increases consistently from the bottom to the top of the section.
Iron(II) Clathrochelates in Molecular Spintronic Devices: A Vertical Spin Valve
Authors: Zlobin I. S. , Aisin R. R. , Novikov V. V.
Published: March 2022

The thermal sublimation of the known cage iron(II) complex (clathrochelate) gives thin films of this compound on various supports without violating its integrity as shown by electron spectroscopy. The spin state of the complex remains unchanged compared to the polycrystalline sample and solution. The first prototypes of molecular spintronic devices in the form of a vertical spin valve are prepared from the chosen iron(II) clathrochelate, and their electron transport properties are studied.
Telehealth application of an ultrasonic home spirometer
Authors: Doumit Michael , Ledwos Rianna , Plush Leanne , Chuang Sandra , Gray Melinda , Jaffe Adam , McBride Jamie
Published: March 2022

Objective

To investigate the validity and home use of a personal ultrasonic spirometer.

Methods

Supervised spirometry was performed using laboratory equipment and a personal ultrasonic spirometer. In addition, the ability of children to perform acceptable spirometry during supervised telehealth appointments at home was assessed.

Results

59 children completed spirometry on both devices. There was high between-device intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) for forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) and forced vital capacity (FVC): ICC 0.991 (95% CI 0.985 to 0.995) and 0.989 (95% CI 0.981 to 0.993), respectively. Bland-Altman analysis revealed mean bias and limits of agreement of −0.01 (−0.22 to 0.24) L for FEV1and −0.02 (−0.30 to 0.33) L for FVC. 125 of 140 (89%) supervised telehealth spirometry sessions were acceptable.

Conclusion

There was excellent reliability in between-device measurements; however, the limits of agreement were wide. Therefore, caution is needed if the device is used interchangeably with laboratory equipment. High success rates of telehealth spirometry sessions indicate the device is suitable for this application.
Risk factors for SARS-CoV-2 infection and hospitalisation in children and adolescents in Norway: a nationwide population-based study
Authors: Størdal Ketil , Ruiz Paz Lopez-Doriga , Greve-Isdahl Margrethe , Surén Pål , Knudsen Per Kristian , Gulseth Hanne Løvdal , Tapia German
Published: March 2022

Objective

To determine risk factors for SARS-CoV-2 infection and hospitalisation among children and adolescents.

Design

Nationwide, population-based cohort study.

Setting

Norway from 1 March 2020 to 30 November 2021.

Participants

All Norwegian residents<18 years of age.

Main outcome measures

Population-based healthcare and population registries were used to study risk factors for SARS-CoV-2 infection, including socioeconomic factors, country of origin and pre-existing chronic comorbidities. All residents were followed until age 18 years, emigration, death or end of follow-up. HRs estimated by Cox regression models were adjusted for testing frequency. Further, risk factors for admission to the hospital among the infected were investigated.

Results

Of 1 219 184 residents, 82 734 (6.7%) tested positive by PCR or lateral flow tests, of whom 241 (0.29%) were admitted to a hospital. Low family income (adjusted HR (aHR) 1.26, 95% CI 1.23 to 1.30), crowded housing (1.27, 1.24 to 1.30), household size, age, non-Nordic country of origin (1.63, 1.60 to 1.66) and area of living were independent risk factors for infection. Chronic comorbidity was associated with a slightly lower risk of infection (aHR 0.90, 95% CI 0.88 to 0.93). Chronic comorbidity was associated with hospitalisation (aHR 3.46, 95% CI 2.50 to 4.80), in addition to age, whereas socioeconomic status and country of origin did not predict hospitalisation among those infected.

Conclusions

Socioeconomic factors, country of origin and area of living were associated with the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection. However, these factors did not predict hospitalisation among those infected. Chronic comorbidity was associated with higher risk of admission but slightly lower overall risk of acquiring SARS-CoV-2.
Evaluation of a community-based performance arts programme for people who have experienced stroke in the UK: protocol for the SHAPER-Stroke Odysseys study
Authors: Estevao Carolina , Baldellou Lopez Maria , Davis Rachel E , Jarret Lucinda , Soukup Tayana , Bakolis Ioannis , Healey Andy , Harrington Jean , Woods Anthony , Crane Nikki , Jones Fiona , Pariante Carmine , Fancourt Daisy , Sevdalis Nick
Published: March 2022

Introduction

Stroke survivors, once in the community, face challenges with their long-term rehabilitation care and present higher levels of loneliness, depression and anxiety than the rest of the population. A community-based performance arts programme, Stroke Odysseys (SO), has been devised to tackle the challenges of living with stroke in the UK. In this study, we aim to evaluate the implementation, impact and experiences of SO for stroke survivors.

Methods and analysis

Scaling-up Health Arts Programmes: Implementation and Effectiveness Research (SHAPER)-SO aims to scale-up SO to 75 participants and 47 stakeholders, while simultaneously evaluating the effectiveness and implementation of the programme. The main research aim is to evaluate the implementation, effectiveness, impact and experiences of a community-based performance arts programme (SO for stroke survivors). This mixed-methods study will evaluate the experience and impact of SO on those participating using mixed methods (interviews, observations and surveys) before and after each stage and carry out non-participant observations during a percentage of the workshops, training and tour. Data will be analysed using quantitative and qualitative approaches. This is a study within the SHAPER programme.

Ethics and dissemination

Ethical approval has been granted by the King’s College London PNM Research Ethics Panel, REC reference: LRS/DP-20/21–21549. Written informed consent will be sought for participants and stakeholders. The results of the study will be reported and disseminated at international conferences and in peer-reviewed scientific journals.

Trial registration number

NCT04864470.
An efficient synthesis of substituted hexahydrobenzo[f]thieno[c]quinoline; an advanced intermediate of analog of A-86929, a dopamine D1 full agonist
Authors: Bar Sukanta , Martin Maxwell I.
Published: March 2022

An efficient synthesis of substituted hexahydrobenzo[ f]thieno[ c]quinolines was achieved via catalytic one-pot aziridination followed by Friedel–Crafts cyclization and a mild Pictet–Spengler cyclization protocol. Cu(OTf)2was an effective catalyst for both aziridination followed by Friedel–Crafts cyclization with excellent diastereoselectivity (dr: >99:1) and high yield (75%).
Rapid karyotypic evolution with high diploid number variation in a rare genus of bromeligenous frogs
Authors: Pedroso Ricardo Neves , Santos Marcus Thadeu Teixeira , Lourenço Luciana Bolsoni
Published: March 2022

Bromeligenous Crossodactylodes is a leptodactylid genus closely related to Paratelmatobius and Scythrophrys. The diploid number in all karyotyped species of these two latter genera is 24, which diverges from the modal diploid number (2n = 22) in the family. Here, we analyzed three species of Crossodactylodes and found karyotypes with 2n = 30, 2n = 32, and 2n = 36, diploid numbers that have not been reported in any other diploid leptodactylid species to date. Reconstruction of the ancestral chromosome number indicated that the diploid number changed from 22 to 24 in the common ancestor of Crossodactylodes, Paratelmatobius, and Scythrophrys, and that progressive increases in diploid number have occurred in Crossodactylodes. The large number of telocentric/subtelocentric chromosomes in karyotypes with higher diploid numbers raises the possibility that centric fissions may have occurred during the evolution of Paratelmatobiinae. Three metacentric chromosomes, probably involved in fission events, were inferred to be present in the common ancestor of all species of Crossodactylodes, but in C. bokermanni. Chromosome mapping of the satellite DNA PcP190 suggests homology between one arm of metacentric chromosome 1 of Crossodactylodes sp. 3 and telocentric chromosome 2 of C. itambe, supporting one of the presumed centric fission events.
Coupling matter and curvature in Weyl geometry: conformally invariant $$f\left( R,L_m\right) $$ gravity
Authors: Harko Tiberiu , Shahidi Shahab
Published: March 2022

We investigate the coupling of matter to geometry in conformal quadratic Weyl gravity, by assuming a coupling term of the form $$L_m{\tilde{R}}^2$$

L
m

R
~

2

, where $$L_m$$

L
m

is the ordinary matter Lagrangian, and $${\tilde{R}}$$

R
~

is the Weyl scalar. The coupling explicitly satisfies the conformal invariance of the theory. By expressing $${\tilde{R}}^2$$

R
~

2

with the help of an auxiliary scalar field and of the Weyl scalar, the gravitational action can be linearized, leading in the Riemann space to a conformally invariant $$f\left( R,L_m\right) $$

f

R
,

L
m

type theory, with the matter Lagrangian nonminimally coupled to the Ricci scalar. We obtain the gravitational field equations of the theory, as well as the energy–momentum balance equations. The divergence of the matter energy–momentum tensor does not vanish, and an extra force, depending on the Weyl vector, and matter Lagrangian is generated. The thermodynamic interpretation of the theory is also discussed. The generalized Poisson equation is derived, and the Newtonian limit of the equations of motion is considered in detail. The perihelion precession of a planet in the presence of an extra force is also considered, and constraints on the magnitude of the Weyl vector in the Solar System are obtained from the observational data of Mercury. The cosmological implications of the theory are also considered for the case of a flat, homogeneous and isotropic Friedmann–Lemaitre–Robertson–Walker geometry, and it is shown that the model can give a good description of the observational data for the Hubble function up to a redshift of the order of $$z\approx 3$$

z
≈
3

.
$$\hbox {AdS}_3$$ holography for non-BPS geometries
Authors: Ganchev Bogdan , Giusto Stefano , Houppe Anthony , Russo Rodolfo
Published: March 2022

By using the approach introduced in Ganchev et al. (Q-Balls Meet Fuzzballs: Non-BPS Microstate Geometries. arXiv:2107.09677 [hep-th]) we construct non-BPS solutions of 6D (1, 0) supergravity coupled to two tensor multiplets as a perturbation of $$\hbox {AdS}_3\times S^3$$

AdS
3

×

S
3

. These solutions are both regular and asymptotically $$\hbox {AdS}_3\times S^3$$

AdS
3

×

S
3

, so according to the standard holographic framework they must have a dual CFT interpretation as non-supersymmetric heavy operators of the D1–D5 CFT. We provide quantitative evidence that such heavy CFT operators are bound states of a large number of light BPS operators that are mutually non-BPS.
Multiobjective Symmetric Duality in Higher-Order Fractional Variational Programming
Authors: Kaur Arshpreet , Sharma Mahesh Kumar , Ahmad Izhar
Published: March 2022

We introduce new classes of higher-order functional, termed higher-order [Formula: see text]convex and higher-order [Formula: see text]convex functionals. These classes are illustrated by nontrivial examples. A pair of higher-order multiobjective symmetric fractional variational programs with cone constraints and fixed boundary conditions is formulated. Appropriate duality results are discussed utilizing the aforementioned assumptions. The results in this paper are generalizations of the results already existing in literature.
Sensor Array Optimization to Design and Develop an Electronic Nose System for the Detection of Water Stress in Khasi Mandarin Orange
Authors: Sharma Chayanika , Choudhury Rajdeep , Sarma Utpal
Published: March 2022

Drought stress is one of the most significant abiotic stresses, adversely affecting the economy by tumbling or even eliminating agricultural productivity, development, and yield. Adverse effects of water scarcity can be reduced if certain precautionary actions could be taken in advance. Therefore, monitoring and early detection of the drought can be helpful for preparing a well-developed response plan. In response to the stresses, an intricate response system of the plants is involved which emits a range of Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) from different parts, such as flowers, leaves, roots and stems. These VOCs can be used as fingerprints for categorizing stressed and nonstressed plants. This paper addresses the optimization of an array of gas sensors used in an in-situ stress diagnosis system, and the data obtained after optimization have been used for the detection of induced stresses in plants by recording the VOCs emitted by the plants. The flow characteristics of the gas chamber were modeled using the Finite Element method before fabrication. The temperature modulation of the gas sensors used in the designed electronic nose system was accomplished. The optimization of the sensor array was performed using the radar plot and Wilks’ Lambda technique. The optimum operating temperatures for each gas sensor were selected using a radar plot. Furthermore, the number of the sensors in the sensor array was reduced by choosing the sensors having higher discriminant ability using the Wilks’ Lambda optimization technique. Twelve healthy Khasi Mandarin Orange saplings were considered for the investigation. Three different levels of water stresses are induced in the plants artificially for the experiments. The overall response and the optimized response of the developed electronic nose system are compared using Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA) and bootstrap ensemble K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN) classifier. The Leaf Relative Water Content (LRWC) of the leaves is also measured concurrently to confirm the stress induction in the plants.
A Novel GA-BP Neural Network for Wireless Diagnosis of Rolling Bearing
Authors: Zhu Zhiliang , Xu Xiaofeng , Li Lujia , Dai Yuxing , Meng Zhiqiang
Published: March 2022

Rolling bearings are pivotal components in industrial rotating equipment and the issue of fault will occur inevitably due to long-term abrasion. This study proposes a novel GA-BP neural network (GA-BPNN) algorithm to improve the accuracy of fault diagnosis of industrial rolling bearings. The genetic algorithm (GA) is employed to optimize the structure, initial weight and threshold of BP neural network, which can improve the ability of diagnosis and reduce the time of network training. At first, the structure of network is determined so that the optimal parameters of GA can be given, then the population of GA will be encoded. At second, the individual fitness function is calculated based on the test error norm of the BP neural network, as a criterion for distinguishing the individual from individual. The optimal weight and threshold are obtained by means of the corresponding selection, cross and variation, etc. Finally, the simulation experiment is carried out in Matlab and massive vibration experimental data of industrial rolling bearing are utilized. To verify the ability of the proposed novel GA-BPNN, compared with BP neural network algorithm (BPNN), the convergence speed and accuracy of GA-BPNN are better. The results of experiment illustrate that the optimized GA-BPNN method can identify the fault-type quicker, and has higher feasibility, which can be used to assist diagnosis of industrial bearing and improve efficiency.
Regional Structure of Two- and Three-Frequency Regimes in a Model of Four Phase Oscillators
Authors: Kuznetsov Alexander P. , Sataev Igor R. , Turukina Ludmila V.
Published: March 2022

We consider the hierarchical organization of the parameter space of four coupled phase oscillators. The structure of the complete synchronization and quasi-periodicity regions of different dimensions are studied. The bifurcation mechanisms of destruction of full and partial synchronizations are discussed.
An Optical Image Encryption Algorithm Based on a Fractional-Order Laser Hyperchaotic System
Authors: Li Xuejun , Mou Jun , Cao Yinghong , Banerjee Santo
Published: March 2022

In recent years, image encryption schemes based on optical methods have been extensively studied. However, possible optical encryption methods in combination with fractional-order laser hyperchaotic systems have not been reported. Therefore, an optical image encryption scheme based on fractional Fourier transform and five-dimensional host-induced nonlinearity fractional-order laser hyperchaotic system is studied in this paper. Firstly, the dynamical characteristics of the proposed fractional-order laser hyperchaotic system are analyzed, and the DSP platform is used to realize the system. Then, a novel image encryption scheme is proposed combining BP neural network, GF(17) domain diffusion and hyperchaotic, random point scrambling algorithm. Finally, the performance of the encryption scheme is analyzed in detail. This work provides an experimental basis and theoretical guidance for image secure communication combining fractional-order laser hyperchaotic systems and optical methods and offers a new research perspective for optical image encryption.
Energy Harvesting from a Micro-System with Circular Bistable Potential Due to Magnets
Authors: Tesso P. C. W. , Tagne R. Kouam , Woafo P.
Published: March 2022

This work analyzes an energy harvesting system made of a beam or an arm possessing a magnet at one end and moving in a circular trajectory on which two magnets are diametrically positioned. The beam is submitted to the effects of two types of excitation. The first one acts when the beam is in a prescribed angle interval and the second one is a time periodic external excitation. The generated mechanical potential energy due to the magnets is presented and discussed. The conditions for complete rotation are obtained. They depend on the external excitation amplitude and system parameters. The resulting types of motion which take place are presented. The bifurcation diagrams plotted versus different control parameters display different dynamical behaviors including chaos. The power variation in a resistive load is presented versus the value of the resistance, the amplitude of excitation and that of the magnet strength. When the magnets have strengths of the same sign, it is found that the power increases with that strength. This is an interesting result since it indicates the increase of power generated thanks to the presence of the magnets.
Stability and Bifurcation in a Leslie–Gower Predator–Prey Model with Allee Effect
Authors: Zhu Zhenliang , Chen Yuming , Li Zhong , Chen Fengde
Published: March 2022

In this paper, we consider a Leslie–Gower predator–prey model with Allee effect on the prey and a linear functional response. Here the Allee effect impacts the birth rate of the prey, which is different from the common multiplicative and additive Allee effects. The model is well-posed, that is, all solutions are bounded. Applying the blow-up method indirectly, we prove that the origin which is not an equilibrium of the system is an attractor. Then we study the existence and stability of equilibria, which indicate that the system undergoes bifurcations. With the help of Sotomayor’s theorem, we show the occurrence of saddle-node bifurcation. Moreover, there is degenerate Hopf bifurcation of codimension at least three. By choosing two (three) parameters of the system as bifurcation parameters and calculating a versal unfolding near the cusp, we demonstrate that the system undergoes Bogdanov–Takens bifurcation of codimension two (three). These theoretical results are supported with numerical simulations.
Fast Diffusion leads to partial mass concentration in Keller–Segel type stationary solutions
Authors: Carrillo J. A. , Delgadino M. G. , Frank R. L. , Lewin M.
Published: March 2022

We show that partial mass concentration can happen for stationary solutions of aggregation–diffusion equations with homogeneous attractive kernels in the fast diffusion range. More precisely, we prove that the free energy admits a radial global minimizer in the set of probability measures which may have part of its mass concentrated in a Dirac delta at a given point. In the case of the quartic interaction potential, we find the exact range of the diffusion exponent where concentration occurs in space dimensions [Formula: see text]. We then provide numerical computations which suggest the occurrence of mass concentration in all dimensions [Formula: see text], for homogeneous interaction potentials with higher power.
Isotropic and complexity-free deformed solutions in self-interacting Brans–Dicke gravity
Authors: Sharif M. , Majid Amal
Published: March 2022

In this work, we focus on constructing two analogs of an anisotropic seed solution via the decoupling technique. For this purpose, we add a new matter source alongside the anisotropic fluid in a static sphere. A transformation in the radial metric component is applied to split the field equations into two sets such that the influence of each source is limited to one array. The anisotropic solution constructed by employing the embedding class-one condition is used to specify the set corresponding to the seed source. We obtain two solutions of the second set (related to the additional source) by applying constraints on the anisotropy and complexity of the self-gravitating system. A smooth junction between the interior and exterior spacetimes determines the unknown constants. Various physical characteristics, such as viability and stability, are graphically analyzed by utilizing the radius and mass of the star PSR J1614-2230. It is found that the extended solutions agree with the energy conditions as well as stability criteria for selected values of the parameters.
Constraints on charged black hole parameters using quasiperiodic oscillations data
Authors: Rayimbaev Javlon , Ahmedov Bobomurat , Bokhari Ashfaque H.
Published: March 2022

Testing gravity theories and constraining their parameters using data from astrophysical observations of quasiperiodic oscillations (QPOs) is a powerful approach to study the features of black holes (BHs) and gravity theories in the strong field regime. To this end, we investigate the dynamics of the test particles in the vicinity of some charged BHs such as Reissner–Nordström (RN), regular Bardeen and Ayon–Beato–Garcia (ABG). In particular, we calculate harmonic oscillations and the innermost stable circular orbits (ISCOs) of test particles around these BHs. As an astrophysical application, we discuss the twin peak QPOs in relativistic precession (RP) model and give the possible values of the upper and lower frequencies of the QPOs at the distance from ISCO to infinity around the extremely charged BHs. Moreover, we also investigate the position of the orbit, where twin peak QPO may take place around central (charged) BH in the microquasar GRS 1915-105. We also study the dependence of the distance between the QPO position and ISCO from the BH charge. Using the upper and lower frequencies of the QPO, we obtain the relationship between the mass and charge of the central BH in the microquasar. Finally, we compare the effects of the spin of the Kerr BH and BH charges on the QPO in microquasar GRS 1915-105. We find that the BH charge can mimic the spin up to [Formula: see text] in the Bardeen model and up to [Formula: see text] in the case of special regular BH, admitting the same QPO frequencies.
Optical solitons of NLS-type differential equations by extended direct algebraic method
Authors: Hussain Amjad , Junaid-U-Rehman M. , Jabeen Farah , Khan Ilyas
Published: March 2022

In this paper, we examine the optical soliton solutions of nonlinear partial differential equations belonging to the nonlinear Schrödinger (NLS) class which includes cubic focusing NLS equation and paraxial NLS equation in a Kerr media. We construct the optical soliton of these models using a new extended direct algebraic method (NEDAM). The resulting solutions carry a variety of new families including singular solutions of Types 1 and 2, dark, darkly bright and dark singular soliton solutions. Sufficient conditions are provided for these structures to exist. NEDAM is successfully applied to supposed nonlinear model and provides us some new and interesting solitary wave solutions. These solutions contain the trigonometric-, hyperbolic- and exponential-type functions. Moreover, to present the physical importance of the considered model, some 3D and 2D diagrams of obtained solutions are plotted by using Mathematica under the suitable choice of involving parameters values.
THE EFFECTS OF HIGH-PERFORMANCE WORK SYSTEMS AND COMPETITIVENESS IN IRANIAN START-UPS: THE MEDIATING ROLE OF INNOVATION CAPABILITY MATURITY
Authors: SHAHRIARI MOHSEN , MAHMOUDI-MESINEH MARYAM , HAMADANI ALI ZEINAL
Published: March 2022

In today’s ever-changing market, startups that can effectively respond to environmental changes and can manage unpredictable events will face intense competition. Human resources play a special role in promoting the competitiveness of startups. This study investigated the effect of high-performance work systems (HPWSs) on the competitiveness of startups through the mediating role of innovation capability maturity. The statistical population of the study consisted of Iranian startups based in Isfahan Province. Data were collected using a standard questionnaire, and the structural equation method was used to data analysis. The results showed that high-performance work systems have a positive and significant impact on the competitiveness of the studied startups through the mediating role of innovation capability maturity and about 47% of the total effect of the high-performance work system on competitiveness of them is explained indirectly by the mediating variable of innovation capability maturity.
IMPACTS OF ENVIRONMENTAL UNCERTAINTY ON FIRMS’ INNOVATION CAPABILITY AND STAKEHOLDER VALUE: EVIDENCE FROM THE AUSTRALIAN COURIER INDUSTRY
Authors: WANG MICHAEL , KIM NAMWOON , CHAN RICKY Y. K.
Published: March 2022

COVID-19 pandemic has drawn great attention to environmental uncertainty. The current paper attempts to conceptually develop and empirically validate a research framework that explains how the firms’ environmental uncertainty influences their innovation capability and stakeholder value. Drawing on contingency theory, resource dependence theory, and stakeholder theory, this study develops a conceptual framework for the related constructs and employs a partial least squares structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM) to test the suggested framework. The empirical results validate both measurement (outer) and structural (inner) models. They indicate that environmental uncertainty is negatively associated with the innovation capability and stakeholder value while innovation capability is positively related to both internal and external stakeholder value. The results also show that internal stakeholder value positively affects external stakeholder value. Providing valuable insights into logistics and supply chain management, our study contributes to research in environmental uncertainty and innovation management based on the stakeholder theory.
EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE OF FACULTY WELL-BEING AND INNOVATIVE BEHAVIOUR IN THE EDUCATIONAL SECTOR: ASSESSING THE MODERATING ROLE OF ORGANISATIONAL JUSTICE AND INNOVATIVE LEADERSHIP
Authors: BOURINI ISLAM , AL-BOREENI BAHAA AL-DEEN , JAMAL BANI-MELHEM AHMAD
Published: March 2022

Innovative behaviour and its antecedents have become very important for higher education institutions (HEIs) and attracted research interest recently. To address this need, the researcher draws on Human relation theory (HRT) and equity theory to examine the impacts of employee well-being (EW) and employee absorptive capacity (EAC) on innovative employee behaviour. The researchers examined the mediating variable of EAC in this study and the moderation effect of organisational justices and innovative leaders. Data were collected and analysed from 239 full-time academic members working within the HEIs in Jordan. The smart partial least square SmartPLS analysis outputs reveal that EW affects EAC, consequently affecting innovative employee behaviour. Surprisingly, innovative leadership behaviour plays a moderating role in the relationship between EAC and IB. Also, organisational justice affects EAC. These findings provide administrators in HEIs about enhancing innovative academic behaviours by assuring well-being through fairness and leader innovative support.
Facile Detection of Naphthalene with a 5,10,15,20-tetrakis(4-methoxyphenyl)-21H,23H-Porphine Nickel (II)/N-(1-Naphthyl) Ethylenediamine Dihydrochloride Renewable Graphene Oxide Paste Electrode
Authors: Comnea-Stancu Ionela Raluca , van Staden Jacobus (Koos) Frederick , Stefan-van Staden Raluca-Ioana
Published: March 2022

We report the fabrication of a new paste electrode based on 5,10,15,20-tetrakis(4- methoxyphenyl)−21H,23H-porphine nickel (II) (NiTPP) and N-(1-Naphthyl)ethylenediamine dihydrochloride (N-NEDDH) for the electrochemical detection of naphthalene. The electrochemical behaviour of the modified N-NEDDH/NiTPP/GO/CPE was studied by cyclic voltammetry (CV), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and differential pulse voltammetry (DPV). Under the optimal conditions, the modified sensor presented a wide linear range from 1 × 10−8 to 1 × 10−5 mol l−1 in the detection of naphthalene, with a 3 × 10−9 mol l−1 detection limit. Other polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), like phenanthrene, anthracene, fluorene and pyrene showed little interference on the detection. It also demonstrated a good applicability on naphthalene determination from four types of water samples, with good recovery rates.
Review—Women’s Contribution in the Pulse Voltammetric Theories and Applications: Pulse Voltammetry Stands on the Shoulders of Outstanding Women Electrochemists
Authors: Gulaboski Rubin , Bogeski Ivan
Published: March 2022

It is exactly a century since polarography was developed, which is seen as a predecessor of all voltammetric techniques. As cyclic voltammetry (CV) is the most prominent member in the family of voltammetric techniques for mechanistic studies, the so-called “pulse voltammetric techniques” emerged as simple and viable alternatives to CV for mechanistic characterizations and analytical application, as well as for kinetic and thermodynamic evaluations. The theories and practical application of pulse voltammetric techniques were largely developed by several women electrochemists. In this short overview, we outline some of the major achievements of five women electrochemists who contributed immensely to the theoretical and practical application of pulse voltammetric technique. Since the theory and application of pulse voltammetric techniques largely relies on the works of Janet Osteryoung, Sebojka Komorsky Lovric, Angela Molina, Anna Brainina, and Oliveira Brett, we give in this review a short historical overview of the major accomplishments of these five exceptional women electrochemists.
Ensemble machine learning model identifies patients with HFpEF from matrix-related plasma biomarkers
Authors: Ward Michael , Yeganegi Amirreza , Baicu Catalin F. , Bradshaw Amy D. , Spinale Francis G. , Zile Michael R. , Richardson William J.
Published: March 2022

Machine learning algorithms correctly classified patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction with over 90% area under receiver-operating-characteristic curves. Classifications using multidomain features (demographics and circulating biomarkers and echo-based ventricle metrics) proved more accurate than previous studies using single-domain features alone. Excitingly, HFpEF diagnoses were generally accurate even without echo-based measurements, demonstrating that such algorithms could provide an early screening tool using blood-based measurements before sophisticated imaging.
Aortic stiffness is lower when PVAT is included: a novel ex vivo mechanics study
Authors: Tuttle Tyler , Darios Emma , Watts Stephanie W. , Roccabianca Sara
Published: March 2022

We introduce a novel and physiologically relevant way of measuring perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) mechanical stiffness which shows that PVAT’s low, yet measurable, stiffness is linearly correlated with the amount of collagen fibers present within the tissue. Including PVAT in the measurement of the aortic wall’s mechanical behavior is important, and it significantly affects the resulting metrics by decreasing aortic stiffness.
Lung-kidney interactions and their role in chronic kidney disease-associated pulmonary diseases
Authors: Bollenbecker Seth , Czaya Brian , Gutiérrez Orlando M. , Krick Stefanie
Published: March 2022

Chronic illnesses rarely present in a vacuum, devoid of other complications, and chronic kidney disease is hardly an exception. Comorbidities associated with chronic kidney disease lead to faster disease progression, expedited dialysis dependency, and a higher mortality rate. Although chronic kidney disease is most commonly accompanied by cardiovascular diseases and diabetes, there is clear cross talk between the lungs and kidneys pH balance, phosphate metabolism, and immune system regulation. Our present understanding of the exact underlying mechanisms that contribute to chronic kidney disease-related pulmonary disease is poor. This review summarizes the current research on kidney-pulmonary interorgan cross talk in the context of chronic kidney disease, highlighting various acute and chronic pulmonary diseases that lead to further complications in patient care. Treatment options for patients presenting with chronic kidney disease and lung disease are explored by assessing activated molecular pathways and the body’s compensatory response mechanisms following homeostatic imbalance. Understanding the link between the lungs and kidneys will potentially improve health outcomes for patients and guide healthcare professionals to better understand how and when to treat each of the pulmonary comorbidities that can present with chronic kidney disease.
Evaluation of Therapeutic Effect and Prognosis of Danzhi Xiaoyao Powder Combined with Photodynamic Therapy in the Treatment of Rose Acne
Authors: Yu Xinjian , Zhang Ni , Jin Jing , Yin Xuwen , Luo Jing
Published: March 2022

Background. Rose acne is a chronic inflammatory skin disease that can cause paroxysmal flushing, persistent erythema, papules or papules on the face, and pustules, and it has a greater impact on the life of patients, so it is important to treat it. Objective. To investigate the effect of Danzhi Xiaoyao Powder combined with photodynamic therapy (PDT) on the curative effect evaluation and prognosis of patients with rose acne. Patients and Methods. The clinical data of 110 rose acne patients who were treated in our hospital from January 2019 to January 2021 were selected as the subject of this retrospective study. They were divided into a control group and a treatment group according to the random residue grouping method. The new crown epidemic, loss to follow-up, etc. fell out of 5 cases in each group, and finally, 50 cases in each group were left. Among them, the control group was treated with PDT, and the treatment group was combined with Danzhi Xiaoyao Powder on the basis of the control group. Then we observe and compare the effects of skin lesion scores and clinical symptom scores and differences in clinical efficacy between the two groups. Results. The comparison of the clinical symptom scores of the two groups of patients before treatment was not statistically significant (

P
>
0.05

), while the burning score, tingling score, dryness score, and pruritus score of the treatment group after treatment were significantly different. The internal comparison after treatment was lower than before treatment, and the comparison between the treatment groups was significantly higher than the control group, which was statistically significant (

P
<
0.05

). There was no statistically significant difference in the skin lesion scores of the two groups before treatment (

P
>
0.05

), while the papules score, pustule score, erythema score, and telangiectasia score of the treatment group after treatment were significantly different and compared within the group. After treatment, the treatment group was significantly higher than the control group, and the comparison was statistically significant (

P
<
0.05

). The effective rate of 98.00% in the treatment group was significantly higher than the 76.00% in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (

P
<
0.05

). The clinical efficacy of the two groups of patients showed that the rash, chest tightness, nausea, and diarrhea of the treatment group were significantly lower than those of the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (

P
<
0.05

). Conclusion. Danzhi Xiaoyao Powder combined with PDT to treat rose acne is effective, can quickly control inflammatory papules and inflammatory erythema, effectively improve the clinical symptoms of patients, and reduce adverse reactions.
Investigation of Friction Stir-Welded B4C Particles-Reinforced Copper Joint: Mechanical, Fatigue, and Metallurgical Properties
Authors: Sezhian M. Vetrivel , Chakravarthi G. , Giridharan K. , Stalin Balasubramaniam , Kumar B. Yokesh , Sureshkumar P. , Vairamuthu J. , Krishnaraj Ramaswamy
Published: March 2022

Solid-state friction stir welding (FSW) is a sophisticated technique that can join materials that are similar and different without significantly affecting the properties of the base materials. The purpose of this study is to enhance the tensile strength, micro-hardness, and fatigue strength of the copper (C1100) butt-joints reinforced with B4C nanoparticles. The effects of B4C nanoparticle inclusion on the mechanical properties of the fabricated joints are studied in correlation with the microstructural features of the welded joints using optical microscopy. The joints are fabricated on a specialized friction stir welding machine (VMC-TC-1200) with a square pin-profiled tool. Defect-free joints of 3 mm copper plates are produced at the constant tool rotational speed of 1100 rpm, welding speed of 30 mm/min, plunge depth of 0.25 mm, and constant axial stress of 5 kN. B4C particles of 1, 2, 3, and 4wt% are added to the joints and their properties are compared with the joints produced without the inclusion of B4C particles to study the effects of the addition of nanoparticles. The joints attained a maximum micro-hardness of 123 HV, fatigue strength of 159 MPa, and tensile strength of 203 MPa with the addition of 3% B4C. Microstructural investigations performed through an optical microscope and scanning electron microscope (SEM) indicated the presence of homogeneously distributed B4C particles engulfed by finely refined grains. The thermal conductivity of the B4C particles facilitated the smooth flow of copper around the particles by forming a thin lubricating layer, thus improving the properties of the joints. Furthermore, this study has established that the addition of B4C particles is an effective and eco-friendly method of producing strong joints which could be used for industrial and defense applications.