bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Challenges and Teaching Strategies of English Teachers in Industrial Revolution 4.0 Era
Authors: Uspayanti Rezky
Published: July 2021

This study aims to investigate the challenges and teaching strategies of English teachers in District Merauke. This study is a mix-method namely the combination of qualitative and quantitative methods. 16 English teachers as the participants in the study from six high schools in Merauke district namely Senior High School 1 Merauke, Senior High School 2 Merauke, Senior High School 3 Merauke, Vocational High School 3 Merauke, Senior High School YPK Merauke, and MA Al-Munawwaroh. Data collection instruments used were questionnaires and interviews. Questionnaires used consisted of 40 statements and the interview consisted of 14 questions related to challenges and strategy of teaching English in the era of industrial revolution 4.0. As a result, challenges in the teaching and learning process are, especially for online learning. Mostly the students are constrained in technology facilities and motivation of students. While for the strategy in teaching English in industrial revolution era 4.0, by motivating students about the importance of English, providing variations in learning such as the use of video, audio, practice variety questions, using the online application (WhatsApp, google classroom, google translate, zoom, google meet, etc). Besides, by using discussions, question and answer directly, blended learning method, discovery learning, using image media, audio Lingual Method, TPR, GT, using voice note. Thus, by merging cognitive, affective, and psychomotor processes. Besides, for strategies in creating interesting and creative learning in the era of industrial revolution 4.0, by using jokes, games, giving advice, giving praise, and collaborating with native speakers in online learning.
The Students’ Needs in Learning Research Methodology in Linguistics
Authors: Nasution Sukma Septian , Tito Dimas Atmawijaya  , Abdul Aziz
Published: July 2021

This study aims at investigating the students’ needs analysis in learning Research in Linguistics at a university in Indonesia. Its main focus is on the students’ academic needs including difficulties of the materials, learning methods, styles and goals, level of understanding on linguistic research issues, course planning, instructional materials and practices, and evaluation. Using descriptive analytical method, a set of questionnaires was employed in Likert-scale formula. It encompassed samples of 105 learners of English Letter’s study program of the university. To validate the finding of the questionnaire, semi-structured interview to the lecturers and the students were also conducted. It results in that the leaners need; 1) the suitability of the materials composition for learners’ need; 2) using group discussion method in learning activity; 3) a step-by-step process to support practical experience in collecting and analyzing data; 4) Overtly relating components of an academic journal article to the elements of developing a research project. The study ends with a recommendation for composing course materials of Research in Linguistics suited with the afore-mentioned findings.
Brain Based Learning and Urdu EFL Learners' Academic Achievement in English at Secondary School Level in District Vehari
Authors: Ali Muhammad Qasim , Kashif Najam Ul , Shahzad Muhammad Asif
Published: July 2021

Current educational standards are changing dramatically to meet student's academic needs, and learners are at the heart of the educational system. The sole objective of the study is to compare the effect of brain-based learning teaching method and traditional teaching method on students' academic achievement in English at the secondary school level. For this study, the researcher has selected a convenient sample of sixty students enrolled in GBHS9-11/WB who took part in the experiment, and these were divided into two groups: one for control and another for experimental purposes through systematic random sampling. An academic achievement test was developed that served as both a pre-test and a post-test, and both were identical in content and administration. The study concluded that the BBL method is far superior to the traditional method of teaching for the subject of English. Native, foreign or second language learning is a social phenomenon, so brain-based learning teaching method provides socialization to the learner. Therefore, in contemporary forms of teaching, the BBL teaching method is far best for English as a subject.
Teaching the Construction of Feminist Ideology to EFL Learners: A Corpus Approach
Authors: Khan Mamona Yasmin , Rasheed Nausheen , Rasheed Shaheen
Published: July 2021

Corpus Linguistics has gained much importance, and it is now continually been applied in linguistics as well as in literature. This paper aims to investigate the use of corpus linguistics in teaching literature to students. This research has used a both qualitative and quantitative approach. The question it probes to find out is how literature (Feminist Theory) can be taught to students by using the Simple Concordance Program (4.09). The results are: different words, which were supporting the feminist ideology, are extracted from the word list of the sample, and then, feminist analysis is done, according to their occurrence in the phrase and sentences.
Institutional Analysis of Water Governance in Pakistan
Authors: Ali Muhammad , Kumar Suneel , Khoso Pasand Ali
Published: July 2021

Pakistan is said to be at the brink of being a water-scarce country current per capita water availability is 1090 m3 per year. This point to the water governance issues in Pakistan. Given these problems, a debate among scholars and policymakers is what governance model should Pakistan adopt to manage its water resources effectively. A few of them are a proponent of privatization of water, while others argue that traditional warabandi can still be an effective way to manage the water if certain loopholes in the system can be addressed. In this paper, we discuss both models and analysis with institutional theories of (water) property rights and relations, state authority, and neoliberalism to analyze the pros and cons of both models. In conclusion, we enlist the problems that persist in both models and provide recommendations for better governance of water in Pakistan.
The GSP+ Status of Pakistan in the European Union: Challenges and Prospects
Authors: Shad Muhammad Riaz
Published: July 2021

The EU granted GSP+ status of Pakistan aimed to foster economic stability and good governance in the country. However, Pakistan's progress vis-a-vis both objectives remains far below the potential. It could not significantly take advantage of enhanced tariff reductions under GSP+ to realize the diversification and value-addition of its exports. Meanwhile, Pakistan's performance in implementing 27 UN conventions�mandatory for a GSP+ beneficiary�needs improvement. The EU assessed the country's overall performance, in this regard, as satisfactory but noted certain human rights violations. In this connection, it has recently started a process for possible 'temporary withdrawal' of Pakistan's GSP+ status. Drawing on the theory of Discursive Institutionalism, this paper analyses challenges and prospects for the GSP+ status of Pakistan. The paper argues that the GSP+ withdrawal will aggravate the economic vulnerability of Pakistan; however, the EU will possibly not exercise this option in view of various economic and political factors.
Leo Nikolayevich Tolstoy and the Influence of English Literature
Authors: Khan Amara , Akram Zainab , Ullah Irfan
Published: July 2021

While Tolstoy is regarded as the greatest writer of global literature and his work being translated into all major languages of the world, his literary relationship with the literature in the English language is largely ignored. The paper explores the influence of the Anglophone scholars and literary figures on the formation of Tolstoy as a great pillar of literature. The paper explores the influence of English and American writers by detailing the contents of his personal library, publications and diary entries. H.D. Thoreau, R.W. Emerson, Longfellow, Mark Twain, Walt Whitman, Laurence Stern, Ernest Miller Hemingway, William Shakespeare, and George Bernard Shaw. His moral rectitude, his love for realism and his humanism find a close connection with the mentioned writers, and the paper details this connection. The paper establishes the position that Tolstoy was a person with the greatest creativity and imagination, he was open to the formative influence and in the process forged his original form of the influence he imbibed in his realistic writings.
Artificial Intelligence as the New Art of War: An Appraisal
Authors: Gul Shabnam , Asghar Muhammad Faizan , Irfan Adeel
Published: July 2021

The world has been drastically moved into new arenas by the implementation of new technologies in almost every discipline. One such advancement is Artificial Intelligence. Artificial Intelligence is playing a vital role in the military. The data scientists are designing such algorithms that can help in understanding the minds of individuals by closely analyzing the patterns of their thinking. Such Algorithms include many different approaches to data mining. All these advancements in Artificial Intelligence are assisting military forces in devising strategies that will not only enhance the functioning but will also give proactive ways rather than reactive ways while handling the wars or the threat of wars(Manzotti and Chella, 2018). In the contemporary world of using soft powers as a skill to resolve conflicts, the use of Artificial Intelligence in order to win wars through hearts and minds has been a much-needed concept. Data scientists and psychologists need to collaborate and design new algorithms to make the best use of Artificial Intelligence.
Islamic Scholars' Research Intends and Trends at University Level
Authors: Ali Muhammad Qasim , Latif Muhammad , Javed Muhammad Latif
Published: July 2021

In this era, research is considered a source of success and development in developed countries. The objectives of the study were to sort out the intends of research scholars in universities and to check the research trends in universities; to investigate the role of research facilities and research culture in promoting research attitude among university students; and to explore the relationship among research culture, research attitude and research facilities at universities. The sample of the study consisted of 341 Islamic research scholars from four distinguished universities of Punjab through a simple random sampling technique. It is empirically estimated the association among research facilities in universities (RFU), research culture in universities (RCU) and research attitude in universities (RAU) show that RFU and RCU have a positive and significant relationship with RAU. Therefore, improvement in research facilities and promotion of research culture in universities may promote research attitude among students.
Effect of the FDA Safety and Innovation Act on racial and gender diversity in neurosurgical device trials
Authors: Siddiqui Neha , Chiu Ryan G. , Nunna Ravi S. , Glastris Georgia , Mehta Ankit I.
Published: July 2021

OBJECTIVE

The US FDA uses evidence from clinical trials in its determination of safety and utility. However, these trials have often suffered from limited external validity and generalizability due to unrepresentative study populations with respect to clinical patient demographics. Section 907 of the FDA Safety and Innovation Act (FDASIA) of 2012 attempted to address this issue by mandating the reporting of certain study demographics in new device applications. However, no study has been performed on its effectiveness in the participant diversity of neurosurgical device trials.

METHODS

The FDA premarket approval (PMA) online database was queried for all original neurosurgical device submissions from January 1, 2006, to December 31, 2019. Endpoints of the study included racial and gender demographics of reported effectiveness trials, which were summated for each submission. Chi-square tests were performed on both endpoints for before and after years of FDASIA passage and implementation.

RESULTS

A total of 33 device approvals were analyzed, with 14 occurring before SIA implementation and 19 after. Most trials (96.97%) reported gender to the FDA, while 66.67% reported race and 63.64% reported ethnicity. Gender breakdown did not change significantly post-SIA (53.30% female, p = 0.884). Racial breakdown was significantly different from the 2010 US Census for all races (p < 0.001) both pre- and post-SIA. Only Native American race was significantly different in terms of representation post-SIA, increasing from 0% to 0.63% (p = 0.0187). There was no significant change in ethnicity.

CONCLUSIONS

The FDASIA, as currently written, does not appear to have had a significant impact on the racial or gender diversity of neurosurgical device clinical trial populations. This may be due to the noncompulsory nature of its guidance, or a lack of more stringent regulation on the composition of clinical trials themselves.
Should L3 be selected as the lowest instrumented vertebra in patients with Lenke type 5C adolescent idiopathic scoliosis whose lowest end vertebra is L4?
Authors: Banno Tomohiro , Yamato Yu , Oba Hiroki , Ohba Tetsuro , Hasegawa Tomohiko , Yoshida Go , Arima Hideyuki , Oe Shin , Mihara Yuki , Ushirozako Hiroki , Takahashi Jun , Haro Hirotaka , Matsuyama Yukihiro
Published: July 2021

OBJECTIVE

L3 is most often selected as the lowest instrumented vertebra (LIV) to conserve mobile segments in fusion surgery; however, in cases with the lowest end vertebra (LEV) at L4, LIV selection as L3 could have a potential risk of correction loss and coronal decompensation. This study aimed to compare the clinical and radiographic outcomes depending on the LEV in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) patients with Lenke type 5C curves.

METHODS

Data from 49 AIS patients with Lenke type 5C curves who underwent selective thoracolumbar/lumbar (TL/L) fusion to L3 as the LIV were retrospectively analyzed. The patients were classified according to their LEVs into L3 and L4 groups. In the L4 group, subanalysis was performed according to the upper instrumented vertebra (UIV) level toward the upper end vertebra (UEV and 1 level above the UEV [UEV+1] subgroups). Radiographic parameters and clinical outcomes were compared between these groups.

RESULTS

Among 49 patients, 32 and 17 were in the L3 and L4 groups, respectively. The L4 group showed a lower TL/L curve correction rate and a higher subjacent disc angle postoperatively than the L3 group. Although no intergroup difference was observed in coronal balance (CB), the L4 group showed a significantly higher main thoracic (MT) and TL/L curve progression during the postoperative follow-up period than the L3 group. In the L4 group, the UEV+1 subgroup showed a higher absolute value of CB at 2 years than the UEV subgroup.

CONCLUSIONS

In Lenke type 5C AIS patients with posterior selective TL/L fusion to L3 as the LIV, patients with their LEVs at L4 showed postoperative MT and TL/L curve progression; however, no significant differences were observed in global alignment and clinical outcome.
Removal of instrumentation for postoperative spine infection: systematic review
Authors: Hersh Andrew , Young Robert , Pennington Zach , Ehresman Jeff , Ding Andy , Kopparapu Srujan , Cottrill Ethan , Sciubba Daniel M. , Theodore Nicholas
Published: July 2021

OBJECTIVE

Currently, no consensus exists as to whether patients who develop infection of the surgical site after undergoing instrumented fusion should have their implants removed at the time of wound debridement. Instrumentation removal may eliminate a potential infection nidus, but removal may also destabilize the patient’s spine. The authors sought to summarize the existing evidence by systematically reviewing published studies that compare outcomes between patients undergoing wound washout and instrumentation removal with outcomes of patients undergoing wound washout alone. The primary objectives were to determine 1) whether instrumentation removal from an infected wound facilitates infection clearance and lowers morbidity, and 2) whether the chronicity of the underlying infection affects the decision to remove instrumentation.

METHODS

PRISMA guidelines were used to review the PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane Library, Scopus, Web of Science, and ClinicalTrials.gov databases to identify studies that compared patients with implants removed and patients with implants retained. Outcomes of interest included mortality, rate of repeat wound washout, and loss of correction.

RESULTS

Fifteen articles were included. Of 878 patients examined in these studies, 292 (33%) had instrumentation removed. Patient populations were highly heterogeneous, and outcome data were limited. Available data suggested that rates of reoperation, pseudarthrosis, and death were higher in patients who underwent instrumentation removal at the time of initial washout. Three studies recommended that instrumentation be uniformly removed at the time of wound washout. Five studies favored retaining the original instrumentation. Six studies favored retention in early infections but removal in late infections.

CONCLUSIONS

The data on this topic remain heterogeneous and low in quality. Retention may be preferred in the setting of early infection, when the risk of underlying spine instability is still high and the risk of mature biofilm formation on the implants is low. However, late infections likely favor instrumentation removal. Higher-quality evidence from large, multicenter, prospective studies is needed to reach generalizable conclusions capable of guiding clinical practice.
Current applications and safety profile of laser interstitial thermal therapy in the pediatric population: a systematic review of the literature
Authors: Zeller Sabrina , Kaye Joel , Jumah Fareed , Mantri Shilpa S. , Mir Jamshaid , Raju Bharath , Danish Shabbar F.
Published: July 2021

OBJECTIVE

Laser interstitial thermal therapy (LITT) provides a minimally invasive alternative to open brain surgery, making it a powerful neurosurgical tool especially in pediatric patients. This systematic review aimed to highlight the indications and complications of LITT in the pediatric population.

METHODS

In line with the PRISMA guidelines, the authors conducted a systematic review to summarize the current applications and safety profiles of LITT in pediatrics. PubMed and Embase were searched for studies that reported the outcomes of LITT in patients < 21 years of age. Retrospective studies, case series, and case reports were included. Two authors independently screened the articles by title and abstract followed by full text. Relevant variables were extracted from studies that met final eligibility, and results were pooled using descriptive statistics.

RESULTS

The selection process captured 303 pediatric LITT procedures across 35 studies. Males comprised approximately 60% of the aggregate sample, with a mean age of 10.5 years (range 0.5–21 years). The LITT technologies used included Visualase (89%), NeuroBlate (9%), and Multilase 2100 (2%). The most common indication was treatment of seizures (86%), followed by brain tumors (16%). The mean follow-up duration was 15.6 months (range 1.3–48 months). The overall complication rate was 15.8%, which comprised transient neurological deficits, cognitive and electrolyte disturbances, hemorrhage, edema, and hydrocephalus. No deaths were reported.

CONCLUSIONS

As of now, LITT’s most common applications in pediatrics are focused on treating medically refractory epilepsy and brain tumors that can be difficult to resect. The safety of LITT can provide an attractive alternative to open brain surgery in the pediatric population.
Surgical outcomes in children with bottom-of-sulcus dysplasia and drug-resistant epilepsy: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Jain Puneet , Ochi Ayako , McInnis Carter , Otsubo Hiroshi , Snead O. Carter , Ibrahim George M. , Donner Elizabeth , Widjaja Elysa
Published: July 2021

OBJECTIVE

Bottom-of-sulcus dysplasia (BOSD) is challenging to identify radiologically. The aim of this study was to explore seizure outcomes after resective surgery or MR-guided laser interstitial thermal therapy (MRgLITT) in children with BOSD.

METHODS

Children with radiologically defined BOSD who underwent resective surgery or MRgLITT, with at least 1 year of follow-up were included. Clinical, radiological, neurophysiological, and histological data were extracted from medical records. Invasive video EEG (IVEEG) was used to evaluate the ictal onset zone or motor/language mapping, wherever appropriate. Histology of MRI-visible BOSD, including the overlying and adjacent cortex, was also evaluated.

RESULTS

Forty-one children with BOSD underwent surgical treatment. The lesion was initially overlooked on MRI in 20 patients (48.8%). Of 34 patients who underwent IVEEG and who had available ictal data, the ictal onset zone extended beyond the MRI-visible BOSD in 23 patients (67.6%). Surgical treatment included lesionectomy (24 patients), extended lesionectomy (12 patients), lobectomy (1 patient), and ablation of BOSD (4 patients). The pathology in 37 patients who underwent resection showed focal cortical dysplasia type IIB and type IIA in 21 (53.8%) and 16 patients (41%), respectively. Seizure freedom was achieved in 32 patients (78.1%) after a mean follow-up of 4.3 years.

CONCLUSIONS

Seizure outcomes after resective surgery or MRgLITT in children with BOSD were generally favorable. The authors found that the neurophysiological abnormality and pathology often extended beyond the MRI-visible BOSD.
Балетне лібрето як предмет концептуального аналізу хореографічного твору (на матеріалі творів українських композиторів)
Authors: Чепалов Олександр Іванович
Published: July 2021

Мета статті – з’ясувати закономірності й засоби практичного створення сценарію балетної вистави з позицій драматичної та музично-хореографічної побудови. Методологія. Суміщення емпіричного методу, заснованого на практиці фахового досвіду створення балетних лібрето із загальнонауковими підходами, зокрема аналогії та моделювання, абстрагування та конкретизації, що випливають з концептуальних основ засад образно- художнього втілення сценічного твору. Наукова новизна. У порівнянні з оперною лібретологією загальна теорія й практика балетного лібрето не розроблена; отже, запропоноване дослідження є одним із перших, що претендує на теоретичні узагальнення та відтворює більш сучасний погляд на одну з нагальних проблем створення балетної вистави у наш час. Висновки. У радянському балеті у зв’язку із завданнями ідейності та змістовності драматургії, роль сценарію підвищилася порівняно з балетами минулого. Однак прагнення наблизити сценарій до драматичної п’єси (особливо типове явище для 1930–50-х рр.) давало результати не лише позитивні (в галузі драматургії видовища), а й негативні (порушення законів балетної специфіки, втрата розвиненої танцювальності). Гармонія поєднання сценарної та музично-хореографічної драматургії можлива лише в спектаклях, у яких сценарії створені з урахуванням специфіки музики й хореографії та їхнього органічного злиття. Завдяки розширенню та збагаченню сучасними елементами виражальних засобів хореографії балетні лібрето ставали не просто розширеним описом сценічних подій, а їхнім більш коротким та ємним викладенням, вони давали широкий простір фантазії глядача та когнітивного сприйняття хореографічного тексту. Українські митці орієнтувалися переважно на класичні балетні зразки, звертаючись до вітчизняної та світової літературної класики, сюжетів-легенд, творів історично-патріотичної тематики. Деякі балети створювались до суспільно значущих подій (напр., «Вогонь Еліди» В. Золотухіна до Олімпіади 1980 р. у Москві). Балет В. Бібіка на 2 дії «Гутаперчевий хлопчик» написаний за однойменною повістю Д. Григоровича (зберігся тільки у клавірі). Створення драматургії балетної вистави вимагає значно більших зусиль, ніж в опері; її відрізняють від сценарної форми, апробованої в оперній виставі, монологи, діалоги та прописаний (переважно в ремарках) підтекст.
Master’s Art Photo Project “Ukrainian Renaissance”. Part 2: “Mavka Ofeliia”
Authors: Kotliar Svitlana , Zaspa Iryna
Published: July 2021

The author’s message for this Master’s photo art project consisted of creating a photographic work inspired by the Renaissance and Ukrainian traditions, folklore. A harmonious combination of the Renaissance heritage with the Ukrainian historical and cultural heritage, the disclosure of the concept of “renaissance” in two contexts. The Renaissance heritage is studied as world history and art era. The Ukrainian historical and cultural heritage analysis aims at reviving Ukrainian authenticity and its learning and implementation in a modern interpretation. Since the project’s author is fond of modelling and has participated in the organisation of different shootings for more than five years, and is also the Bachelor of Fine Arts in Art and Visual Culture, it was decided to create a photo art project, where she would be a model and ideological organiser and draw parallels with the help of Fine Art. In this project, the Renaissance features are reflected through associative connections with famous paintings of artists in a new Ukrainian interpretation. The second concept of “renaissance” has the meaning of reviving Ukrainian values, customs, traditions through the symbolic image of a Ukrainian girl who appears in the photos of a photo art project in various roles.
The series of works consists of portrait images of a girl following the theme of the project. In total, there are five series in the project.
Postmodernism Techniques in Poster Projects of the Period of Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Budnyk Andriy
Published: July 2021

The purpose of the study is to identify the features of the use of postmodern techniques in poster projects of the period of the COVID-19 pandemic. Research methods. The methodological basis of the study is comparative and art analysis. The scientific novelty of the study is the consideration of the poster activity of the pandemic period 2020-2021 in the context of postmodernism. Conclusions. In the current poster projects of the quarantine period, postmodern features are clearly traced, which are manifested not only in the visual language of the works, but also in the ways of exhibiting and positioning posters in society and the media. The pictorial component is characterized by the use of metaphor as a universal method, as well as a combination of different styles, multiple approaches, the lack of a dominant vector in solving the visual image. The use of double coding, quotes, reminiscences, games, irony, etc. is revealed.
Archetypes of Greek Myths in the Fashion Design of the XХI Century from a Metamodern Viewpoint
Authors: Gardabkhadze Iryna , Antonova Anna
Published: July 2021

The purpose of the article consists in clarifying the features of the archetypal structures functioning (in this case – archetypes of Greek myths) in modern fashion design and also in the analysis of the fashion design methodology peculiarities in the condi­tions of metamodernism. The realization of this purpose is planned by developing the meth­od of designing modern clothing, taking into account the principles and characteristics of metamodernism. Research methodology. The complex problem of analyzing the features of fashion design development in the environ­ment of metamodernism is solved based on interdisciplinary system analysis with a combi­nation of subject, historiographic and morpho­logical analyzes.Scientific novelty. For the first time, it was shown that modern design trends, such as in-personal empathy and situational expressiveness, more careful consideration of aesthetic guidelines, psychological attitudes, and user expectations, are most harmoniously reflected in the principles of metamodernism. It was demonstrated that in the conceptual space of the metamodern, the principle of os­cillation corresponds to a choice between two competing primary sources of an image gen­eration in fashion design. The images of Greek mythology gods were chosen as traditional ele­ments of the design project, and prototypes of modern clothing models were chosen as com­petitive elements. Conclusions. As a result of the research, we conclude that in the practice of fashion design, it is expedient to solve the project approach in a balanced way between the factors of the creative source, the personal qualities of the individual, and the archetypes manifested in it. The methods for elements of Greek myths heroes’ images synthesizing with elements-carriers of fashion trends was pro­posed, taking into account the tendencies of metamodernism. Experimental approbation of the research results was carried out by assess­ing the artistic and aesthetic qualities of mod­ern women’s clothing models collection based on Greek myths motives. Thus, the results of the collection design confirmed the feasibility of turning to archetypal forms to find innovative design solutions.
‚Fit machen‘ für die Ausbildung
Authors: Thielen Marc , Handelmann Antje
Published: July 2021

Im Lichte der hohen Gewichtung von sozialen Kompetenzen bzw. Softskills im Kontext der dualen Berufsausbildung in Deutschland steht das Verhalten von Jugendlichen gegenwärtig im Fokus pädagogischer Institutionen am Übergang Schule–Beruf. Die gesellschaftlichen Vorstellungen zu den für eine erfolgreiche Ausbildung als notwendig erachteten Verhaltensweisen realisieren sich in berufsvorbereitenden Bildungsgängen des Übergangssektors in einer spezifischen pädagogischen Ordnung, welche die vorliegende Studie ethnografisch beleuchtet.
Verletzendes Verhalten in Kitas
Authors: Boll Astrid , Remsperger-Kehm Regina
Published: July 2021

In Kindertageseinrichtungen arbeiten viele pädagogische Fachkräfte am Rande ihrer Belastungsgrenzen, auch aufgrund des immer weiter wachsenden Personalmangels. Die hohe Belastung erschwert zunehmend einen feinfühligen Umgang mit Kindern und kann sogar zu verletzenden Verhaltensweisen führen. Die Forschungsergebnisse der Studie zeigen die komplexen Ausprägungen von verletzendem Verhalten, vor allem aber die Schwierigkeiten der Fachkräfte, einen Ausweg aus Konfliktsituationen zu finden. Zugleich ergeben sich aus den differenzierten Hinweisen der Fachkräfte zentrale bildungs- und gesellschaftspolitische Ansatzpunkte zur Prävention.
Geschlechtlicher Neuanfang
Authors: Oldemeier Kerstin
Published: July 2021

Nach ca. 200 Jahren der Kriminalisierung, Pathologisierung und gesellschaftlichen Unsichtbarkeit nicht-cisgeschlechtlicher Lebensweisen können gegenwärtige Entwicklungen als deutlicher gesellschaftlicher Wandel charakterisiert werden. Mit dem vorliegenden Buch über den geschlechtlichen Neuanfang junger divers* und trans* geschlechtlicher Menschen wird ein Gegenentwurf zu den zahlreichen Stereotypen über Nicht-Cisgeschlechtlichkeit vorgelegt. Im Fokus stehen dabei die subjektiven sowohl negativen als auch positiven Erfahrungen divers* und trans* geschlechtlicher Jugendlicher.
Ensuring the reliability of metal smoke and veintilation pipes and their carrying towers
Authors: Yaroviy Serhii , Savytskyi Mykola , Slobodianiuk Serhii
Published: July 2021

The problem of ensuring the reliability of the work of metal smoke and ventilation pipes and their bearing towers has recently gained special significance in connection with the large number of accidents at industrial enterprises.

Methods of estimation of residual resource of bearing elements of high-rise buildings with various damage detected during diagnostics are developed. The formulas for determining the residual life of metal chimneys are given, the actual reserves of the residual resource are determined after long periods of operation for specific structures.

In this work, variants of reinforcement of the elements of chimneys and towers with the most dangerous injuries (category A) – gaps, with cracks in the main metal and welds, with loss of the overall stability of the trunk of the pipe, have been developed and substantiated. On the basis of the analysis of the summation of internal and external stresses, we obtain formulas for calculating the elastic-deformation state of metal chimneys in the zone of through cracks and holes when performing construction reinforcement works by means of welds for overlays.

The variants of amplification of smoke pipes after the destruction of stops of towers, which perceive wind loads, and as consequences of the loss of overall stability of the pipe are given.

The research results make it possible to assess the reliability of metal smoke and ventilation pipes and their bearing towers after long operating periods, as well as used in the development of regulatory documents when assessing the technical condition and residual life of high-rise buildings.
Sustainability of the unit of protective obstacles under the extra load
Authors: Shapovalov Oleksandr , Kovtun Anatolii
Published: July 2021

The article is devoted to the aspects of engineering provision of forces for the state border protection, namely the use of a blocking barrier obstacle to block certain areas of the territory in order to prevent a mass transfer of the state border violators at the border checkpoints or during the cessation of massive disturbances in the border areas. It also deals with the determination of the stability of the blocking barrier obstacle in the process of preparing it for its intended purpose in case of preventing the passage or breakthrough of the crowd on the prohibited areas of the territory.

Proceeding from the above presented in the article, the state border guard forces were requested to use a new construction of a barrier, namely: a blocking barrier obstacle to which Ukraine's patents for invention were obtained.

The peculiarity of the blocking barrier obstacle is that it consists of hollow connecting elements made of light polymer material. To increase the stability of the blocking barrier in case of external hollow loads, the connecting elements are filled with liquid. Sustainability refers to the ability of the structure to withstand the external loads, capable to shift or overturn them, thus ensuring the increase in the efficiency of the task of preventing passage or breakthrough of violators into the prohibited areas of the territory at the checkpoints. This feature of the blocking barrier obstacle allows construct various design and layout variants, each of which has certain advantages and disadvantages.

The article section contains the study of the processes of the external loads influence on the hollow connecting elements of the blocking barrier obstacle on various volumes and ways of filling it with liquid. Mathematical models of the blocking barrier obstacle stability with liquid have been constructed in case of applying external loads. The analysis of theoretical studies results of the external loads influence on the hollow connecting elements of the blocking barrier obstacle has been carried out.
Сomputer modeling and optimization of energy efficiency potentials in civil engineering
Authors: Koshevyi Oleksandr , Levkivskyi Dmytro , Kosheva Victoria , Mozharovskyi Andrii
Published: July 2021

The paper presents the results of creating a software package for optimizing the calculation of potentials of alternative energy sources in the regions of Ukraine based on BIM technologies (AutoCAD, ArchiCAD, Revit), which are combined using the IFC format. The software package uses mathematical and graph-analytical models of climate and energy zoning in the regions of Ukraine, and with the help of MS Excel visualizes the research process and automates, accelerates optimal decision in design, reconstruction and construction. The process of forming a database for traditional energy sources (electricity, oil products, natural gas, coal, firewood) and a database of energy potentials of alternative energy sources (solar energy, wind energy, geothermal energy, hydropower of small rivers, potentials of livestock and crop biomass potential of excess pressure of natural gas, potentials of heat of soil, ground and sewage, potentials of energy of peat and forest waste) for all regions of Ukraine. The structure of the software package and a block diagram has been developed, all indicators are reduced to a single unit of measurement (MW*h / year per 1000 people). To analyze and make optimal decisions, informative-illustrative bar and sector pie charts are built in MS Excel on five main areas of energy consumption, taking into account alternative energy sources for each region of Ukraine. The general analysis of energy consumption and optimization calculations are carried out with the help of informative-illustrative diagram SANKEY, which is created with the help of "SankeyDiagramGenerator", and visualizes the whole process of graph-analytical modeling of energy consumption in Ukraine.
Improvement of the calculation methodology for covering constructions of the covered field fortifications to ensure the survivability of troops in a modern armed conflict
Authors: Voloshchenko Oleksandr , Kushnirenko Mykola , Chernykh Ihor
Published: July 2021

The task of improvement of the calculation methodology for covering constructions of the covered field fortifications against shell-hole, penetration, ricochet and high-explosive action is solved to ensure the survivability of troops in a modern armed conflict.

An analysis of the 2014-2018 anti-terrorist operation and the ongoing Joint Forces operation proves that artillery, mortar and aircraft high-destructive munitions are currently the main means of firing the enemy. Under such conditions, the survival of our troops directly depends on their effective shelter in covered field fortifications. An important element of the arrangement of such fortifications is the calculation of the structures of their covering against penetration, shell-holing, ricocheting and high-explosive action, which are performed to determine the structure of the covering, its material and thickness.

The novelty of the improved technique, unlike the existing ones, is that the calculations of the covering structures take into account the shape of the warhead of artillery, mortar and aircraft ammunition, the angle of encounter and the final speed of these munitions at the moment of their impact on the covered fortification and the pliability of the covering material.

Here are given the examples of calculation for the closed field fortifications structures against penetration of the warhead into the covering material, cases of punching the covering material enclosed with brittle material, ricochet of the warhead from the covering and destruction of the covering as a result of high explosive action.

The obtained results will be used to calculate the protective structures of long-term fortifications for command and control centres and field hospitals.
LAPFES
Authors: Dantas Jurema Barros , Lima Filho Francisco Ilo
Published: July 2021

Como resposta à tendência generalista da graduação em Psicologia, em 2015, foi fundado o Laboratório de Estudos em Psicoterapia, Fenomenologia e Sociedade (LAPFES), com intuito de aprofundar a formação dos alunos em estudos socialmente contextualizados, seguindo uma perspectiva de base fenomenológica. Assim, a proposta deste artigo é apresentar, de uma maneira geral, as ações do laboratório em todos os seus aspectos institucionais. Foram realizadas consultas aos documentos de cadastros, arquivos de ações e, principalmente, ao Regimento Interno do LAPFES e ao seu Memorial. O texto foi dividido de forma a abordar separadamente os eixos de pesquisa, ensino e extensão trabalhados no laboratório. Ao todo o LAPFES promoveu 12 ações de extensão, 7 pesquisas, 28 grupos de estudos, 10 cursos de extensão, e fez mais de 7.000 atendimentos à comunidade em geral em diferentes contextos de saúde com o plantão psicológico. Conclui-se que o LAPFES, ao longo dos seus anos de existência, se destacou nas diversas ações promovidas, com impacto e relevância social.
Dinámica de incendios forestales en la Reserva para Parque Nacional San Rafael, Paraguay, periodo 2007-2017
Authors: Lorenz Zimmermann Laura Noemi , Eisenkölbl Closs Alicia Raquel , Amarilla Rodríguez Stella Mary
Published: July 2021

Cada año la Reserva para Parque Nacional San Rafael (RPNSR) se ve afectada por incendios forestales que ocasionan daños a extensas superficies tanto de bosques como pastizales naturales y otros componentes de la biodiversidad. Esto puede resultar en un inconveniente si no se toman las medidas correspondientes en la gestión de estos fenómenos. Por ello, el objetivo principal fue analizar la dinámica de los incendios forestales en la RPNSR, mediante un análisis multitemporal en el periodo 2007-2017, con el registro detallado de los focos de calor captados por el sensor MODIS y análisis con sistemas de información geográfica. Comparación y análisis con los datos de precipitaciones mensuales. Los mismos dieron como resultado que indistintamente del régimen pluviométrico dado a lo largo del periodo de análisis, se registraron ocurrencia de incendios. Con relación a la cantidad de focos de calor registrados mensualmente, los meses de mayor registro de focos de calor van de junio a noviembre, siendo los meses de julio y agosto los que más  repetidamente presentan los picos  más elevados.  En base a estos resultados y analizando los antecedentes de acciones en gestión de incendios forestales, ya emprendidas por organizaciones e instituciones en la RPNSR, se propuso un Plan de Prevención y Control de Incendios Forestales con los puntos más resaltantes.
Reutilización del efluente de un humedal construido de flujo subsuperficial vertical en un cultivo hidropónico tipo NFT de Lactuca sativa
Authors: Troche Arias Guido Andrés , Duré Giselle , Velázquez Decoud Lorena , López Arias Tomás Rodrigo
Published: July 2021

La creciente demanda de sistemas de tratamientos alternativos de aguas residuales de origen industrial y doméstico se ha convertido en un área de sumo interés, ubicando a los humedales construidos como una opción de probada eficiencia. Paralelamente se trabaja intensamente en la búsqueda de opciones para la reutilización de las aguas residuales según diferentes usos posibles. El objetivo del presente trabajo fue tratar un agua residual doméstica mediante un humedal construido de flujo subsuperficial vertical con Typha dominguensis y evaluar la efectividad de la reutilización del efluente tratado en un cultivo hidropónico de tipo NFT con Lactuca sativa. El humedal fue operado durante tres meses a una carga de 83 g DQQ/m3 d. Los porcentajes de remoción en promedio para cada parámetro fueron de 91% para la DQO, 64% para el NTK, 89% para ortofosfato, 81% para nitrógeno amoniacal y 88% para coliformes fecales respectivamente. Los resultados de evaluación de la reutilización del efluente tratado como medio de cultivo hidropónico indican que el efluente del sistema permite el crecimiento de L.
Effects of Nano-Scale Zero Valent Iron Fresh and Aged Particles on Environmental Microbes
Authors:   Department of Clinical Microbiology and Applied Technology, Faculty of Medical Technology, Mahidol University,  Bangkok 10700, Thailand, Jongwachirachai Papitcha , Jiemvarangkul Pijit ,   Department of Civil Engineering, King Mongkut’s University of Technology North Bangkok, Bangkok 10800, Thailand
Published: July 2021

Currently, nano-scale zero valent iron particles (nZVI) are being increasingly used in many types of environmental remediation. Due to their usage, nZVI can be left in the environment and may cause toxic effects to living beings, especially surrounding microorganisms. Environmental bacteria in soil and water are some of the main factors affecting plant productivity and other microorganisms in ecosystems. This study evaluated the toxicological effects of nZVI and aged nZVI on bacteria commonly found in the environment. Bacterial, namely E. coli, P. aeruginosa, S. aureus, B. subtilis, and Rhodococcus sp., were treated with different concentrations of nZVI at different times of exposure in in vitro conditions, and bacterial cell viability was determined in order to analyze the toxic effects of nZVI over the course of treatments. The data revealed that at the highest nZVI concentration (1,000 mg/L), B. subtilis and Rhodococcus sp. had the highest resistance to nZVI (49.35% and 48.31% viability) and less resistance in P. aeruginosa (2.26%) and E. coli (0.50%) was observed. The growth of microorganisms significantly increased after exposure with seven and 14-day aged nZVI particles. Therefore, the toxicity of aged nZVI to microbial organisms was reduced. Hence, this study demonstrated the toxic effects of nZVI and aged nZVI particles on several species of bacteria in vitro. Less toxicity to bacteria was observed in aged nZVI. These findings provide more understanding in the toxic effect of nZVI to microorganisms.
Land prices and railroad building in European Russia, 1860s to the early 1900s
Authors: Leonard Carol S. , Nazarov Zafar , Borodkin Leonid I. , Karpenko Maria A. , Konchakov Roman B.
Published: July 2021

This paper shows that railroad building in Russia, as in Europe and the US in the nineteenth century, improved the value of land, a classic benefit of transportation investment in largely agrarian countries. From a database constructed for this paper, we use cross-sectional data for the fifty European Russian regions to show the association of the length of the railroad (measured in 1894), land prices (measured in 1900) and annual growth of land prices (in rubles) for 1885–1910.
ОСОБЛИВОСТІ СТАНОВЛЕННЯ ПРОСВІТЯНСЬКОГО РУХУ НА ВОЛИНІ ТА ВИНИКНЕННЯ ПЕРШИХ «ПРОСВІТ»
Authors: Тичина Іван
Published: July 2021

Товариство «Просвіта» було засноване у Львові у 1868 році і швидко завоювало популярність серед мешканців Галичини. На Волинь просвітянський рух поширюється значно пізніше, у роки Великої війни. Відмінний від Гали- чини історичний розвиток Волині, входження останньої до складу Російської імперії не давали змоги поширити- ся просвітницьким ідеям у краї раніше. Лише в роки Першої світової війни, яка принесла із собою руйнацію не лише кордонів, а й імперій, стали можливими утворення на теренах Волині перших «Просвіт» та поширення їх діяльності в усьому регіоні. Перша «Просвіта» на Волині була заснована в містечку Мацеїв Ковельського повіту Волинської губернії. Її заснування пов’язане із перебуванням у Мацеєві українських Січових стрільців та відомого українського військового діяча Дмитра Вітовського. Саме Д. Вітовському вдалося організовувати відкриття на Волині мережі українських приватних шкіл та згуртувати інтелігенцію Мацеєва в просвітянський гурток, який і запо- чаткував просвітянський рух на Волині. За кілька років «Просвіти» рясною сіткою вкрили усю Волинь, їх популярність серед населення із року в рік зростала. «Просвіти» стали центрами культурно-мистецького життя та шкільництва українців. Однак утвердження на теренах Західної Волині Другої Речі Посполитої негативно вплинуло на просвітянський рух. Польська влада вважала волинські «Просвіти» експозитурою галицького національного руху і стала на шлях їх переслідування, аж до закриття «Просвіт» у краї. Відсутність єдиного об’єднавчого центру, відмова польської влади реєструвати статут Товариства призвели до повної ліквідації «Просвіт» на Волині уже на початку 30-х років ХХ століття.