bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Photo-induced SI-ATRP for the synthesis of photoclickable intercalated clay nanofillers
Authors: Vo V.-S. , Mahouche-Chergui S. , Babinot J. , Nguyen V.-H. , Naili S. , Carbonnier B.
Published: September 2016

Design of functional and hairy nanoclay intercalated assemblies using tandem photoinduced surface initiated ATRP-1,3 dipolar cycloaddition/thiol-yne click reactions.
Fabrication of high performance amine-rich magnetic composite fibers for the recovery of precious Pt(iv) from acidic solutions
Authors: Song Myung-Hee , Harikishore Kumar Reddy D. , Yun Yeoung-Sang
Published: September 2016

Magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) possessing a high surface to volume ratio, copious chemically active sites, and ease of separation from aqueous solutions are emerging materials for water treatment.
Sugarcane molasses as a pseudocapacitive material for supercapacitors
Authors: Sanchez-Sanchez A. , Martinez de Yuso Alicia , Braghiroli Flavia Lega , Izquierdo M. Teresa , Alvarez Edelio Danguillecourt , Pérez-Cappe Eduardo , Mosqueda Yodalgis , Fierro Vanessa , Celzard Alain
Published: September 2016

Carbons from cane molasses with 8 m2 g−1 BET area yielded capacitances up to 153 F g−1 at 0.5 mV s−1 in 1 M H2SO4, with 35.2% pseudocapacitance contribution, due to the high surface concentration of quinone and carbonyl groups.
Detergent-free decellularization of bovine costal cartilage for chondrogenic differentiation of human adipose mesenchymal stem cells in vitro
Authors: Erten Evren , Sezgin Arslan Tugba , Derkus Burak , Arslan Yavuz Emre
Published: September 2016

In this study, we report a novel, detergent-free decellularization protocol for the preparation of intact cartilage ECM-based scaffolds (CEbS) during an effective decalcification process.
Conduction mechanism model, impedance spectroscopic investigation and modulus behavior of the organic–inorganic [(C3H7)4N][SnCl5(H2O)]·2H2O compound
Authors: Hajlaoui Sondes , Chaabane Iskandar , Guidara Kamel
Published: September 2016

In this study, the electric properties and modulus formulation of the compound [(C3H7)4N][SnCl5(H2O)]·2H2O were studied in the 200 Hz to 5 MHz frequency range and the 343–418 K temperature range.
Fluoride adsorption on a cubical ceria nanoadsorbent: function of surface properties
Authors: Dhillon Ankita , Kumar Sharma Tarun , Soni Sarvesh K. , Kumar Dinesh
Published: September 2016

Development of ceria with high fluoride loading capacity at pH 7.0 within 2 h at 1 g L−1 adsorbent dose.
The therapeutic effect of Bletilla striata extracts on LPS-induced acute lung injury by regulation of inflammation and oxidation
Authors: Wang Yongjie , Huang Weizhen , Zhang Jiaozhen , Yang Min , Qi Qiuchen , Wang Kaiming , Li Ang , Zhao Zhongxi
Published: September 2016

Identification of active ingredients, and their structures, from Bletilla striata and investigation of the antioxidative and anti-inflammatory responses in vitro and in vivo.
Preparation, structure and luminescence properties of Ba2V2O7 microrods
Authors: Yu Ruijin , Yuan Maosen , Li Tianbao , Tu Qin , Wang Jinyi
Published: September 2016

Self-activated phosphor Ba2V2O7 microrods were prepared by the hydrothermal reaction method.
Lathyrus aureus and Lathyrus pratensis: characterization of phytochemical profiles by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, and evaluation of their enzyme inhibitory and antioxidant activities
Authors: Llorent-Martínez E. J. , Ortega-Barrales P. , Zengin G. , Uysal S. , Ceylan R. , Guler G. O. , Mocan A. , Aktumsek A.
Published: September 2016

This study suggest that Lathyrus species may be further used in phytopharmaceuticals or food industry applications.
Dual functional star polymers for lubricants
Authors: Cosimbescu Lelia , Robinson Joshua W. , Zhou Yan , Qu Jun
Published: September 2016

Star-shaped poly(alkyl methacrylate)s (PAMAs) with a 3-arm architecture were designed, prepared and their performance as a dual additive (viscosity index improver and friction modifier) for engine oils was evaluated.
ZnIIand CdIIMOFs based on an amidoisophthalic acid ligand: synthesis, structure and catalytic application in transesterification
Authors: Karmakar Anirban , Rúbio Guilherme M. D. M. , Guedes da Silva M. Fátima C. , Ribeiro Ana P. C. , Pombeiro Armando J. L.
Published: September 2016

Metal–organic frameworks of Zn(ii) and Cd(ii) act as recyclable heterogeneous catalysts for the transesterification reaction of carboxylate esters.
Practical carbocatalysis by graphene oxide nanosheets in aqueous medium towards the synthesis of diversified dibenzo[1,4]diazepine scaffolds
Authors: Kausar Nazia , Mukherjee Prasun , Das Asish R.
Published: September 2016

Metal free green protocol in aqueous medium. Use of GO nanosheets as exclusive heterogeneous catalyst. Almost intact catalytic activity upto the 5th run. Mild reaction conditions preserve sensitive structural moeities.
Synthesis and characterization of hierarchical γ-AlOOH and γ-Al2O3 microspheres with high adsorption performance for organic dyes
Authors: Li Zhongfu , Du Yi , Zhang Shiying , Chen Zhongtao , Yang Kai , Lv Xingjie , Zhu Chaofeng
Published: September 2016

A segmented heating process with CTAB as a surfactant and pore forming agent has been successfully developed to synthesize hierarchical γ-AlOOH and γ-Al2O3 microspheres with ultra-excellent adsorption performance for Congo red.
Structural properties and corrosion resistance of tantalum nitride coatings produced by reactive DC magnetron sputtering
Authors: Alishahi M. , Mahboubi F. , Mousavi Khoie S. M. , Aparicio M. , Lopez-Elvira E. , Méndez J. , Gago R.
Published: September 2016

There is a correlation between the corrosion resistance, structure, roughness and the porosity of TaN sputtered films.
Solvent-controlled platinum nanocrystals with a high growth rate along 〈100〉 to 〈111〉 and enhanced electro-activity in the methanol oxidation reaction
Authors: Wang Zhanzhong , Suo Quanyu , Zhang Caixia , Chai Zhanli , Wang Xiaojing
Published: September 2016

Platinum nanocrystals with high growth rate along 〈100〉 to 〈111〉 are obtained under a high reduction rate and exhibit enhanced electro-activity in MOR.
Fabrication and characterization of bioactive glass/alginate composite scaffolds by a self-crosslinking processing for bone regeneration
Authors: Zhao Fujian , Zhang Wen , Fu Xiaoling , Xie Weihan , Chen Xiaofeng
Published: September 2016

Bioactive glass/alginate composite scaffolds were fabricated through a self-crosslinking process by bioactive glass microspheres provided Ca2+completely.
Incorporation of CO2philic moieties into a TiO2nanomembrane for preferential CO2separation
Authors: Selyanchyn R. , Staykov A. , Fujikawa S.
Published: September 2016

Here we report a preferential CO2separation membrane consisting of a nanometer-thick TiO2layer incorporated with phtalic acid (PA) molecules on polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) (PA@TiO2/PDMS).
Simultaneously obtaining fluorescent carbon dots and porous active carbon for supercapacitors from biomass
Authors: Xu Manman , Huang Quanbo , Sun Runcang , Wang Xiaohui
Published: September 2016

We present a facile and green approach to simultaneously synthesize fluorescent carbon dots and porous active carbon for supercapacitors via a two-step carbonization process from a widely available protein-rich biomass precursor – soybeans.
Versatile surface charge-mediated anti-fouling UF/MF membrane comprising charged hyperbranched polyglycerols (HPGs) and PVDF membranes
Authors: Park S. Y. , Kim Y. J. , Kwak S.-Y.
Published: September 2016

We develop a charge-modified PVDF UF/MF membrane that restricts membrane fouling derived from charged water contaminants.
Facile synthesis of an Fe3O4/FeO/Fe/C composite as a high-performance anode for lithium-ion batteries
Authors: Li Di , Wang Kangli , Tao Hongwei , Hu Xiaohong , Cheng Shijie , Jiang Kai
Published: September 2016

An Fe3O4/FeO/Fe/C nanocomposite is prepared via a facile and scalable in situ-reduction solid synthesis route and is used as a high-performance LIB anode.
Application of a tandem air-agitated liquid–liquid microextraction technique based on solidification of floating organic droplets as an efficient extraction method for determination of cholesterol-lowering drugs in complicated matrices
Authors: Arghavani-Beydokhti Somayeh , Asghari Alireza , Bazregar Mohammad , Rajabi Maryam
Published: September 2016

To enhance sample clean-up in dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction in complicated matrices, a low-toxicity and sensitive extraction method, tandem air-agitated liquid–liquid microextraction, based on solidification of floating organic droplets is introduced.
RGO enveloped vertically aligned Co3O4nanowires on carbon fabric: a highly efficient prototype for flexible field emitter arrays
Authors: Howli Promita , Das Swati , Saha Subhajit , Das Biswajit , Hazra Partha , Sen Dipayan , Chattopadhyay Kalyan Kumar
Published: September 2016

RGO enveloped Co3O4nanowires on flexible carbon fabric exhibit a splendid field emission performance with remarkably enhanced current density.
Polymorphism/pseudopolymorphism of metal–organic frameworks composed of zinc(ii) and 2-methylimidazole: synthesis, stability, and application in gas storage
Authors: Lo Yang , Lam Chon Hei , Chang Chao-Wen , Yang An-Chih , Kang Dun-Yen
Published: September 2016

This paper reports on the synthesis and stability of a polymorphic system of a metal–organic framework (MOF) composed of zinc(ii) and 2-methylimidazole, as well as its potential applicability in gas storage.
Hierarchical hexagonal boron nitride nanowall–diamond nanorod heterostructures with enhanced optoelectronic performance
Authors: Sankaran Kamatchi Jothiramalingam , Hoang Duc Quang , Korneychuk Svetlana , Kunuku Srinivasu , Thomas Joseph Palathinkal , Pobedinskas Paulius , Drijkoningen Sien , Van Bael Marlies K. , D'Haen Jan , Verbeeck Johan , Leou Keh-Chyang , Leung Kam Tong , Lin I.-Nan , Haenen Ken
Published: September 2016

Covering diamond nanorod with hexagonal boron nitride nanowalls is an effective approach for the fabrication of hierarchical heterostructured field emission devices that open new prospects in flat panel displays and high brightness electron sources.
Ecofriendly synthesis of a heterogeneous polyvinyl alcohol immobilized copper(ii) Schiff base complex as an efficient, reusable catalyst for the one-pot three-component green preparation of 5-substituted 1H-tetrazoles under mild conditions
Authors: Kazemnejadi Milad , Sardarian Ali Reza
Published: September 2016

A new polymeric Cu(ii) Schiff base complex catalyst is developed, which shows high catalytic activity in the preparation of 5-substituted 1H-tetrazoles under mild and green conditions.
Germanium-based multiphase material as a high-capacity and cycle-stable anode for lithium-ion batteries
Authors: Kwon Dohyoung , Choi Sinho , Wang Guoxiu , Park Soojin
Published: September 2016

Cu-incorporated porous Ge-based anodes with high electrical conductivity are prepared by a simple carbothermic reduction process of CuGeO3. The Cu–Ge-based anodes exhibit outstanding capacity retention at 25 °C and 60 °C.
Preparation of ellipsoid-shaped supraparticles with modular compositions and investigation of shape-dependent cell-uptake
Authors: Ulrich S. , Hirsch C. , Diener L. , Wick P. , Rossi R. M. , Bannwarth M. B. , Boesel L. F.
Published: September 2016

Hybrid ellipsoid-shaped supraparticles consisting of different nanomaterials are fabricated and the influence of the supraparticle shape on cell-uptake is investigated.
Galvanic replacement mediated synthesis of rGO–Mn3O4–Pt nanocomposites for the oxygen reduction reaction
Authors: Jin Wen , Han Xijiang , He Yanzhen , Zhang Bin , Xu Ping , Du Yunchen
Published: September 2016

Here we demonstrate the synthesis of hybrid rGO–Mn3O4–Pt nanocomposites as efficient electrocatalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) in alkaline solutions.
Synergistic effect of carboxylic and amine ligands on the synthesis of CdSe nanocrystals
Authors: Huang X. , Parashar V. K. , Gijs M. A. M.
Published: September 2016

We demonstrate the drastic improvement in absorbance and photoluminescence (UV-PL) of CdSe nanocrystals (NCs) upon adding both a carboxylic acid and an amine ligand to the cadmium acetate green chemistry source.
Novel synthesis of a soy-based polyol for a polyurethane rigid foam
Authors: Fang Zheng , Yang Zhao , Ji Dong , Zhu Ning , Li Xin , Wan Li , Zhang Kai , Guo Kai
Published: September 2016

A novel soy-based polyol was synthesised using a novel method.
Nano-fibrillated cellulose (NFC) as versatile carriers of TiO2 nanoparticles (TNPs) for photocatalytic hydrogen generation
Authors: An Xingye , Wen Yangbing , Almujil Abdullah , Cheng Dong , Li Jianguo , Jia Xu , Zou Jijun , Ni Yonghao
Published: September 2016

Nano-fibrillated cellulose (NFC), an abundant natural biomacromolecule, can have many applications, such as support/carrier for nanoparticles, due to its unique properties.
Enhanced ammonia-borane decomposition by synergistic catalysis using CoPd nanoparticles supported on titano-silicates
Authors: García-Aguilar Jaime , Navlani-García Miriam , Berenguer-Murcia Ángel , Mori Kohsuke , Kuwahara Yasutaka , Yamashita Hiromi , Cazorla-Amorós Diego
Published: September 2016

Pd and CoxPd1−x nanoparticles (NPs), synthesized using the reduction by solvent method, were loaded on SiO2 and Ti–SiO2 supports.
Downregulation of MIM protein inhibits the cellular endocytosis process of magnetic nanoparticles in macrophages
Authors: Zhao Peng , Cao Meng , Song Lina , Wu Hao , Hu Ke , Chen Bo , Wang Qiwei , Gu Ning
Published: September 2016

MIM plays a positive role in the RAW 264.7 cellular endocytosis process of iron oxide nanoparticles mainly in clathrin-mediated pathway, which is a meaningful molecular basis for biomedical applications of nanomaterials.
Imaging specific newly synthesized proteins within cells by fluorescence resonance energy transfer
Authors: Sheng Linfeng , Cai Lesi , Liu Jie , Zhang Sichun , Xu Jing-Juan , Zhang Xinrong , Chen Hong-Yuan
Published: September 2016

A FRET-based strategy is developed to image and track specific newly synthesized endogenous proteinsin situ.
Ru-catalyzed sequence for the synthesis of cyclic amido-ethers
Authors: Trost Barry M. , Sharif Ehesan U. , Cregg James J.
Published: September 2016

A general method for the synthesis of cyclic α-amido-ethers containing different amide functionalities including lactams, tetramic acids, amino acids and nucleoside bases.
Chromium photocatalysis: accessing structural complements to Diels–Alder adducts with electron-deficient dienophiles
Authors: Stevenson Susan M. , Higgins Robert F. , Shores Matthew P. , Ferreira Eric M.
Published: September 2016

A Cr-photocatalyzed [4 + 2] cycloaddition between dienes and electron-deficient alkenes is reported, accessed by up to three converging pathways to yield the “meta” adducts.
Aromatic sulfonation with sulfur trioxide: mechanism and kinetic model
Authors: Moors Samuel L. C. , Deraet Xavier , Van Assche Guy , Geerlings Paul , De Proft Frank
Published: September 2016

Electrophilic aromatic sulfonation of benzene with sulfur trioxide is studied with ab initio molecular dynamics simulations in gas phase, and in explicit noncomplexing (CCl3F) and complexing (CH3NO2) solvent models.
Synthesis and properties of [8]-, [10]-, [12]-, and [16]cyclo-1,4-naphthylenes
Authors: Okada Keishu , Yagi Akiko , Segawa Yasutomo , Itami Kenichiro
Published: September 2016

The synthesis and properties of various [n]cyclo-1,4-naphthylenes ([n]CNs, n = 8, 10, 12, and 16) are described.
A bifunctional metal–organic framework featuring the combination of open metal sites and Lewis basic sites for selective gas adsorption and heterogeneous cascade catalysis
Authors: He Hongming , Sun Fuxing , Aguila Briana , Perman Jason A. , Ma Shengqian , Zhu Guangshan
Published: September 2016

A bifunctional MOF featuring the combination of open metal sites (Zn2+) and Lewis basic sites (–NH2) has been constructed for selective gas adsorption and heterogeneous cascade catalysis.
Design of a novel fuel cell-Fenton system: a smart approach to zero energy depollution
Authors: Huong Le Thi Xuan , Esmilaire Roseline , Drobek Martin , Bechelany Mikhael , Vallicari Cyril , Nguyen Duy Linh , Julbe Anne , Tingry Sophie , Cretin Marc
Published: September 2016

A model azo dye pollutant, Acid Orange 7 (AO7), was removed efficiently from an aqueous medium by a smart eco-friendly Fuel Cell-Fenton (FC-Fenton) system without any external power supply.
A hollow carbon foam with ultra-high sulfur loading for an integrated cathode of lithium–sulfur batteries
Authors: An Yabin , Zhu Qizhen , Hu Longfeng , Yu Shukai , Zhao Qian , Xu Bin
Published: September 2016

Hollow carbon foam-based integrated S/C cathodes achieve both high sulfur loading and excellent cycling stability for Li–S batteries.
ALD of Pt nanotube arrays supported on a carbon fiber cloth as a high-performance electrocatalyst for methanol oxidation
Authors: Zhang Haifeng , Cheng Chuanwei
Published: September 2016

Ordered Pt nanotube arrays supported on carbon fiber cloth is fabricated by atomic layer deposition route as electrocatalyst for methanol oxidation.
A fascinating multitasking Cu-MOF/rGO hybrid for high performance supercapacitors and highly sensitive and selective electrochemical nitrite sensors
Authors: Saraf Mohit , Rajak Richa , Mobin Shaikh M.
Published: September 2016

A hybrid (Cu-MOF/rGO) prepared by sonication mixing of a Cu-MOF and rGO shows high potential for both supercapacitors and nitrite sensors.
Pressure-assisted preparation of graphene oxide quantum dot-incorporated reverse osmosis membranes: antifouling and chlorine resistance potentials
Authors: Song Xiangju , Zhou Quanzhu , Zhang Tian , Xu Haibo , Wang Zhining
Published: September 2016

A GOQD incorporated TFN RO membrane was developed with excellent performance, high antifouling capacity and improved chlorine resistance.
Synthesis of 1T-MoSe2 ultrathin nanosheets with an expanded interlayer spacing of 1.17 nm for efficient hydrogen evolution reaction
Authors: Jiang Miao , Zhang Junjun , Wu Meihui , Jian Wenjing , Xue Hongtao , Ng Tsz-Wai , Lee Chun-Sing , Xu Jun
Published: September 2016

1T-MoSe2 nanosheets featuring expanded (002) interlayer spacings as large as 1.17 nm are prepared and demonstrated as an efficient electrocatalyst for the hydrogen evolution reaction.
Cellulosic micelles as nanocapsules of liposoluble CdSe/ZnS quantum dots for bioimaging
Authors: Li Yanpeng , Zhang Jinming , Guo Yanzhu , Chen Meiwan , Wang Lu , Sun Runcang , Wang Xiaohui
Published: September 2016

Sustainable light-emitting nanoaggregates obtained by encapsulating liposoluble CdSe/ZnS QDs in novel cellulosic micelles show promise in bioimaging.
Self-assembling Janus dendritic polymer for gene delivery with low cytotoxicity and high gene transfection efficiency
Authors: Ding Sheng-Gang , Yu Lei , Wang Long-Hai , Wang Lin-Ding , Yu Zhi-Qiang , You Ye-Zi
Published: September 2016

Polycations have high DNA condensing ability, low immunogenicity, and great adaptability, which make them promising for gene delivery.
Screening of efficient polymers for siRNA delivery in a library of hydrophobically modified polyethyleneimines
Authors: Shen Wanwan , Wang Hui , Ling-hu Ye , Lv Jia , Chang Hong , Cheng Yiyun
Published: September 2016

Fluoroalkylated polymers are superior to alkylated and cycloalkylated analogs in siRNA delivery.
Novel multifunctional nanospheres of Zn1/3Fe8/3O4@Ag: synthesis, properties and application for multi-modality tumor imaging
Authors: Gao Shengping , Liu Xiaoli , Zhao Chunqiu , Su Meina , Jiang Hui , Wang Xuemei
Published: September 2016

New multifunctional nanospheres have been designed and synthesized through a green and facile strategy, which could be readily used in multi-modality tumor imaging through near-infrared fluorescence (NIRF) imaging, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and computed tomography (CT) imaging.
Direct observation of structural transitions in the phase change material Ge2Sb2Te5
Authors: Shao Ruiwen , Zheng Kun , Chen Yongjin , Zhang Bin , Deng Qingsong , Jiao Lili , Liao Zhiming , Zhang Ze , Zou Jin , Han Xiaodong
Published: September 2016

Electric field-induced transitions from an amorphous to a polycrystalline to a single-crystalline phase in Ge2Sb2Te5were observed, which corresponded to multi-level changes in resistance.
Quasi-two-dimensional β-gallium oxide solar-blind photodetectors with ultrahigh responsivity
Authors: Oh Sooyeoun , Kim Janghyuk , Ren Fan , Pearton Stephen J. , Kim Jihyun
Published: September 2016

We fabricated solar-blind photodetectors based on exfoliated two-dimensional β-Ga2O3 flakes, and then systematically characterized their photoresponsive properties. They exhibit extraordinary photoresponsive properties including the highest responsivity among reported semiconductor thin-film solar-blind photodetectors.
Repeated shape recovery of clustered nanopillars by mechanical pulling
Authors: Kim Sang Moon , Kang Seong Min , Lee Chanseok , Jang Segeun , Kim Junsoo , Seo Hyein , Bae Won-Gyu , Yang Shu , Yoon Hyunsik
Published: September 2016

Clustered high-aspect-ratio nanopillars can be recovered to their original shapes by mechanical pulling during a demolding process to overcome the adhesion force between pillars. The process can be applied repeatedly, offering a simple yet powerful way to recover clustered nanostructures in a short time over a large area.
Geometrically isomeric Pt(ii)/Fe(ii)-based heterometallo-supramolecular polymers with organometallic ligands for electrochromism and the electrochemical switching of Raman scattering
Authors: Chakraborty Chanchal , Pandey Rakesh K. , Rana Utpal , Kanao Miki , Moriyama Satoshi , Higuchi Masayoshi
Published: September 2016

Heterometallo-supramolecular polymers with Pt(ii) and Fe(ii) ions introduced alternately were prepared by the 1 : 1 complexation of Fe(ii) ions with cis- or trans-conformational organo-Pt(ii) ligands.
Nectin spot: a novel type of nectin-mediated cell adhesion apparatus
Authors: Mizutani Kiyohito , Takai Yoshimi
Published: September 2016

Nectins are Ca2+-independent immunoglobulin (Ig) superfamily cell adhesion molecules constituting a family with four members, all of which have three Ig-like loops at their extracellular regions. Nectins play roles in the formation of a variety of cell–cell adhesion apparatuses. There are at least three types of nectin-mediated cell adhesions: afadin- and cadherin-dependent, afadin-dependent and cadherin-independent, and afadin- and cadherin-independent. In addition, nectins trans-interact with nectin-like molecules (Necls) with three Ig-like loops and other Ig-like molecules with one to three Ig-like loops. Furthermore, nectins and Necls cis-interact with membrane receptors and integrins, some of which are associated with the nectin-mediated cell adhesions, and play roles in the regulation of many cellular functions, such as cell polarization, movement, proliferation, differentiation, and survival, co-operatively with these cell surface proteins. The nectin-mediated cell adhesions are implicated in a variety of diseases, including genetic disorders, neural disorders, and cancers. Of the three types of nectin-mediated cell adhesions, the afadin- and cadherin-dependent apparatus has been most extensively investigated, but the examples of the third type of apparatus independent of afadin and cadherin are recently increasing and its morphological and functional properties have been well characterized. We review here recent advances in research on this type of nectin-mediated cell adhesion apparatus, which is named nectin spot.
Predicting adherence of patients with HF through machine learning techniques
Authors: Karanasiou Georgia Spiridon , Tripoliti Evanthia Eleftherios , Papadopoulos Theofilos Grigorios , Kalatzis Fanis Georgios , Goletsis Yorgos , Naka Katerina Kyriakos , Bechlioulis Aris , Errachid Abdelhamid , Fotiadis Dimitrios Ioannis
Published: September 2016

Heart failure (HF) is a chronic disease characterised by poor quality of life, recurrent hospitalisation and high mortality. Adherence of patient to treatment suggested by the experts has been proven a significant deterrent of the above‐mentioned serious consequences. However, the non‐adherence rates are significantly high; a fact that highlights the importance of predicting the adherence of the patient and enabling experts to adjust accordingly patient monitoring and management. The aim of this work is to predict the adherence of patients with HF, through the application of machine learning techniques. Specifically, it aims to classify a patient not only as medication adherent or not, but also as adherent or not in terms of medication, nutrition and physical activity (global adherent). Two classification problems are addressed: (i) if the patient is global adherent or not and (ii) if the patient is medication adherent or not. About 11 classification algorithms are employed and combined with feature selection and resampling techniques. The classifiers are evaluated on a dataset of 90 patients. The patients are characterised as medication and global adherent, based on clinician estimation. The highest detection accuracy is 82 and 91% for the first and the second classification problem, respectively.
Relayed FSO communication with aperture averaging receivers and misalignment errors
Authors: Kumar Sharma Prabhat , Bansal Ankur , Garg Parul , Tsiftsis Theodoros , Barrios Ricardo
Published: September 2016

In this study, the performance of decode‐and‐forward relay‐assisted free‐space‐optical (FSO) communication systems under atmospheric turbulence‐induced fading and misalignment errors is investigated. To mitigate the adverse effects of the atmospheric turbulence, the aperture‐averaging receivers are considered both at the relay and destination sides. The atmospheric turbulence‐induced fading is modelled via the exponentiated‐Weibull distribution, which has recently been proposed to characterise an FSO link in the presence of finite‐sized receiver aperture. The expression for the moment generating function (MGF) of the instantaneous signal‐to‐noise ratio is derived. Furthermore, new closed‐form expression for the outage probability is obtained. Moreover, the new expression for the average symbol error rate of the subcarrier intensity‐modulated M‐ary phase‐shift keying is obtained using the MGF‐based approach. Finally, numerical examples are discussed and all the derived analytical results are corroborated by Monte Carlo simulations.
Riccati equations for bounded radiating systems
Authors: Maharaj S. D. , Tiwari A. K. , Mohanlal R. , Narain R.
Published: September 2016

We systematically analyze the nonlinear partial differential equation that determines the behaviour of a bounded radiating spherical mass in general relativity. Four categories of solution are possible. These are identified in terms of restrictions on the gravitational potentials. One category of solution can be related to the horizon function transformation which was recently introduced. A Lie symmetry analysis of the resulting Riccati equation shows that several new classes of exact solutions are possible. The relationship between the horizon function, Euclidean star models, and other earlier investigations is clarified.
A molecular dynamics simulations study on ethylene glycol-water mixtures in mesoporous silica
Authors: Schmitz Rebecca , Müller Niels , Ullmann Svenja , Vogel Michael
Published: September 2016

We perform molecular dynamics simulations to investigate structural and dynamical properties of ethylene glycol–water (EG–WA) mixtures in mesoporous silica. To obtain comprehensive insights into the dependence of liquid behaviors on the confinement features, we exploit that straightforward modification of the force field parameters allows us to vary the properties of the hydrogen-bond network of the confined liquid, we alter the polarity of the silica surface, and we consider amorphous as well as crystalline matrices. It is observed that the confinement induces a micro-phase separation in the liquid, which qualitatively depends on the properties of both liquid and matrix so that EG or WA molecules may be preferentially adsorbed at the silica surface. Furthermore, it is found that the confinement strongly affects the liquid dynamics. Largely independent of the polarity and structure of the matrix, structural relaxation is about a factor of 104 slower at the pore wall than in the pore center. Moreover, the non-Arrhenius temperature dependence of the bulk mixture turns into an Arrhenius behavior of the confined mixture so that the spatial restriction can slow down or speed up the structural relaxation, depending on temperature.
Embedding beyond electrostatics—The role of wave function confinement
Authors: Nåbo Lina J. , Olsen Jógvan Magnus Haugaard , Holmgaard List Nanna , Solanko Lukasz M. , Wüstner Daniel , Kongsted Jacob
Published: September 2016

We study excited states of cholesterol in solution and show that, in this specific case, solute wave-function confinement is the main effect of the solvent. This is rationalized on the basis of the polarizable density embedding scheme, which in addition to polarizable embedding includes non-electrostatic repulsion that effectively confines the solute wave function to its cavity. We illustrate how the inclusion of non-electrostatic repulsion results in a successful identification of the intense π → π∗ transition, which was not possible using an embedding method that only includes electrostatics. This underlines the importance of non-electrostatic repulsion in quantum-mechanical embedding-based methods.
Flash post-discharge emission in a reactive HiPIMS process
Authors: Loquai S. , Zabeida O. , Klemberg-Sapieha J. E. , Martinu L.
Published: September 2016

In the present work, time-, space- and species-resolved optical emission spectroscopy has been applied to investigate post-pulse behavior of the reactive High Power Impulse Magnetron Sputtering (HiPIMS) process with a partially poisoned target. Following each pulse, at a high O2/Ar ratio, a well-defined post-discharge emission zone detaches from the target during the first few microseconds of the electron cool-down; this zone exhibits high emission intensity in the near-surface region, and it moves toward the substrate holder. We link this behavior to a localized high density of metastable molecular oxygen, and to the electron attachment dissociation of oxygen.
Asymmetric diffraction based on a passive parity-time grating
Authors: Zhu Xue-Yi , Xu Ye-Long , Zou Yi , Sun Xiao-Chen , He Cheng , Lu Ming-Hui , Liu Xiao-Ping , Chen Yan-Feng
Published: September 2016

Optical structures with balanced loss and gain provide an efficient platform to study the features of light propagation under non-Hermitian parity-time symmetry. Here, we report a feasible design of one-dimensional parity-time symmetric diffraction grating, where the real and imaginary parts of refractive index are separately modulated. Due to the spontaneous breaking of parity-time symmetry at the exceptional point, asymmetric diffractions are observed between a pair of oblique incident light. This asymmetric phenomenon, determined by the modulation direction of the introduced parity-time symmetry, is also polarization-dependent. The coupled-mode theory is implemented to theoretically analyze the polarization dependent asymmetric diffraction, showing consistence with numerical simulations. Our findings may provide a feasible way for manipulating light and instructively inspire the development of diffraction optics.
Two beam energy exchange in hybrid liquid crystal cells with photorefractive field controlled boundary conditions
Authors: Reshetnyak V. Yu. , Pinkevych I. P. , Subota S. I. , Evans D. R.
Published: September 2016

We develop a theory describing energy gain when two light beams intersect in a hybrid nematic liquid crystal (LC) cell with photorefractive crystalline substrates. A periodic space-charge field induced by interfering light beams in the photorefractive substrates penetrates into the LC layer and reorients the director. We account for two main mechanisms of the LC director reorientation: the interaction of the photorefractive field with the LC flexopolarization and the director easy axis at the cell boundaries. It is shown that the resulting director grating is a sum of two in-phase gratings: the flexoelectric effect driven grating and the boundary-driven grating. Each light beam diffracts from the induced gratings leading to an energy exchange between beams. We evaluate the signal beam gain coefficient and analyze its dependence on the director anchoring energy and the magnitude of the director easy axis modulation.
Root exudation index: screening organic acid exudation and phosphorus acquisition efficiency in soybean genotypes
Authors: Krishnapriya Vengavasi , Pandey Renu
Published: September 2016

High-molecular-weight secretory proteins and low-molecular-weight exudates (carboxylates, phenols, free amino acids and sugars) released from roots of soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) differentially influence genotypic phosphorus (P) acquisition efficiency (PAE). We hypothesised that genotypes with higher root exudation potential would exhibit enhanced P acquisition, and screened 116 diverse soybean genotypes by labelling shoots with 14CO2. A root exudation index (REI) derived from total 14C in the root exudate at sufficient (250 μm) and low (4 μm) P levels was used to classify genotypes for PAE. Genotypes with REI >2.25 exhibited significantly higher exudation at low than at sufficient P, which in turn increased PAE. Under low P availability, efficient genotypes exude a greater quantity of organic compounds into the rhizosphere. This increases P availability to meet the crop requirement, enabling the crop to produce consistent biomass and seed yield with reduced fertiliser addition. Such maintenance of growth and yield potential by mining the inherent soil P is a favourable trait in genotypes, reducing dependence on P fertilisers. Measuring REI at seedling stage to select P-efficient plants accelerates the screening process by accommodating large numbers of genotypes.
Increases in organic carbon concentration and stock after clay addition to sands: validation of sampling methodology and effects of modification method
Authors: Schapel Amanda , Davenport David , Marschner Petra
Published: September 2016

Plant growth on sands is often constrained by water repellence, low fertility and low water-holding capacity (WHC). These soils also have low organic carbon (OC) concentration, particularly in a bleached A2 horizon. Addition of subsoil clay to sands (clay modification) can overcome these constraints and increase WHC; however, little is known about the effect on OC concentration. Clay addition is predicted to increase OC storage via increased OC input from improved plant growth and increased stabilisation of OC by binding to clays. The objectives of this study were (i) to validate the number of soil samples required within a 25-m grid for accurate OC and bulk density measurement in clay-modified soils and (ii) to determine OC concentration, bulk density and OC stocks in clay-modified compared with unmodified soil. The study was carried out on two agricultural properties in South Australia, where unmodified controls (sands with 1–3% clay) were compared with three methods of modification using clay (clay spread, delved and spaded). Soil cores to 50cm depth were collected after harvest within a 25-m grid. The study showed that clay modification could increase OC stocks (0–30cm) by up to 14tha–1 in the South East and 22tha–1 in the Eyre Peninsula. However, the magnitude of the OC stock increase was influenced by the modification method and depended on concentration and depth of incorporation of the added clay and organic matter.
Soil organic and organomineral fractions as indicators of the effects of land management in conventional and organic sugar cane systems
Authors: Brandani Carolina B. , Abbruzzini Thalita F. , Conant Richard T. , Cerri Carlos Eduardo P.
Published: September 2016

Brazilian sugar cane production has undergone changes in residue management. To better understand the dynamics of soil C and N in soil organic matter (SOM) fractions resulting from sugar cane management practices, we determined: the effects of different sugar cane management on the C and N content of SOM fractions; the effects of crop management, soil texture, depth and different organic matter additions on changes in 13C/12C and 15N/14N isotope composition; and the amount of SOC derived from different sources. Physical fractionation of SOM was performed for soils cultivated under four sugar cane managements, namely straw burning(SB), green cane (GC) and organic systems consisting of sugar cane grown under GC harvesting with high inputs of organic residues for 4 and 12 years (O-4 and O-12 respectively), as well as from a native vegetation (NV) area (Goianésia, Brazil). Ultrasonic dispersion of soil samples from 0–5, 5–10, 10–20 and 90–100-cm depths resulted in three organomineral fractions (<53, 75–53 and 2000–75µm) and one organic fraction denoted as light fraction (2000–75µm). C and N concentrations, 13C and 15N natural abundance and the proportion of C derived from C4 sugar cane plant residues (C-C4) were determined for each fraction. The C management index (CMI), derived from the total C pool and C lability, is useful in evaluating the capacity of management systems to improve soil quality and was calculated using the NV as the reference. Highest C and N concentrations were found for O-12 and O-4, mainly for the <53-µm organomineral fraction at 0–5cm depth. The 13C and C-C4 values indicated a greater accumulation of C-C4 in SOM fractions in organic compared with burned and unburned systems. GC combined with organic management is a strategy for long-term storage of total C and N in the SOM fraction associated with <53-µm fraction and light fraction. In addition, the highest CMI and its positive relationship with C-C4 in O-12 suggest the role of this system to foster soil quality improvement. The results allow infer regarding the potential of management practices on C accumulation in SOM fractions, which, in turn, can be used as indicators of the effects of land management.
The rise and fall of a change from below in Early Modern Spanish
Authors: Blas Arroyo José Luis
Published: September 2016

This article deals with the patterns of variation and change undergone by a syntactic variable in Early Modern Spanish grammar, namely the alternation betweendeber‘have to, must, should’ anddeber de + infinitive ‘have to, must, should’ as a modal periphrasis. Based on a 1,500,000-word corpus of immediacy texts (private letters, memories) the results of this variationist study suggest that throughout the 16th century, but more especially during its second half, the prepositional periphrasis gradually became more common, above all in stylistic contexts predominated by the spontaneity and proximity of the relationships between the interlocutors. It was also more frequently found in contexts involving members of northern speech communities, particularly males, the young and the middle-low social strata, the incidence being especially high at the points where some of these groups intersect. All this suggests a change from below in the Golden Age period, which reached considerable dimensions in a relatively short time but was destined to stagnate and later decline just as quickly in the centuries that followed as a result of some structural features, such as the special “visibility” of the preposition, which could have led to the stigmatization of the periphrasis in a similar way to what happened in other Spanish syntactic phenomena.
TheAcadémie Françaiseand monocentricity in a multicultural world
Authors: Amit Aviv
Published: September 2016

TheAcadémie française, one of the oldest language academies in the world, represents a prototypical institutional body that supports strong monolingual ideology. This article sets out to understand its relevance and the normative stance it represents in a multicultural world. It analyzes the symbolic position that this institution still holds in and beyond France in light of the challenges associated with preserving a traditional monocentric language ideology in an era of globalization. In the last two decades, this ideology has been challenged by claims that French can survive as an international language only if it is open to legitimate influences from other cultures.
Writing right
Authors: Pine Judith M.S.
Published: September 2016

Literate Lahu, speakers of a Tibeto-Burman language in the ethnically and linguistically diverse uplands of Southeast Asia and southwest China, inscribe their language in an ecology of literacies shaped by the imbrication of a number of ideologies. As members of the larger category of chao khao or mountain people, the Lahu belong to a group which is persistently labeled as Other. (Laungaramsri 2001: 43-4). Lahu are also a people-without-writing (Pine 1999), despite the fact that at least three writing systems exist for Lahu, with a fourth in somewhat limited use and at least one other system in development. The ideological diversity of the entextualization of Lahu benefits seeing it within a particular historical and ecological context. This paper historicizes particular literacy practices within the context of the development of a particular form of written Lahu. It also traces the influence of a phenomenon termed "proprietary orthographies" which permeates the ecology of literacies in mainland Southeast Asia and, I argue, has a significant impact on Lahu language literacy practices. Focusing on a subtle issue of the representation of tone, and also drawing on self-reporting of literacy, as well as making use of Keane's concept of "semiotic ideologies", I argue that orthographies enjoy a complex form of indexicality in this region which differs in small, but important, ways from other areas.
Standardizing opinion
Authors: Frekko Susan E.
Published: September 2016

The grounds of authority for the Catalan language have shifted from authenticity to anonymity, as Catalan becomes redefined as a public language. The “model of language” of the Catalan press reflects this shift, with an emphasis on neutral, transparent Catalan. This article examines original and published letters to the editor in a Catalan-medium newspaper in Barcelona. I argue that standardization of language, page design and signatures in the letters to the editor erases the social indexicality that attaches the original letters to their socially positioned authors. This process of standardization in linguistic and other semiotic modes allows the published letters to index a unified Catalan national “public” rather than their distinct authors.
Language choice in multilingual religious settings
Authors: Ndzotom Mbakop Antoine Willy
Published: September 2016

This paper investigates the impact of the historical factor on language choice in Protestant Churches in Cameroon. It is based on the postulate that religious languages are more stable than their secular counterparts, not only in their forms, but also in their variety. Therefore, it was hypothesized that the first language group to come in contact with the mother mission society of a religious variety is likely to remain the major group in the church, and its language, the liturgical language. To verify this hypothesis, the researcher analysed language use in three Protestant parishes located in the Yaoundé metropolis: the Oyom-Abang parishes of the Eglise Evangélique du Cameroun and Eglise Presbytérienne Camerounaise, and the Yaoundé-Melen-Philadelphie parish of the Eglise Protestante Africaine. The data were collected via participant observation and informal interviews. Their analysis revealed that the use of indigenous languages for key parts of a church service in the three parishes selected was usually associated with the place where the Church was founded, which is the area where its mother mission society first settled in the country. In that vein, the following languages were reported: Bamileke at EEC Oyom-Abang, Basaa at EPC Oyom-Abang, and Ngumba (Kwasio) at EPA Yaoundé-Melen-Philadelphie.
De-stressed words in Mandarin: drawing parallel with English
Authors: Třísková Hana
Published: September 2016

In colloquial Standard Mandarin, monosyllabic tonal function words (such as classifiers, prepositions, personal pronouns, etc.), are regularly pronounced as unstressed and phonetically reduced (e.g. tā 他 [thə]), unless they are emphasized ([thaː]). Their unstressed forms play an important role in speech rhythm. This study investigates this group of words. I open the discussion by addressing the general issue of stress in Mandarin, arguing that de-stress might be an essential notion here. English words with weak forms (articles, prepositions, etc.) are then introduced. I establish a similar group of words in Chinese, coining a new term for them: the cliticoids. The strong resemblance between both groups is pointed out. Finally, pedagogical implications of the findings are proposed: the proper handling of the cliticoids may help L2 learners to improve their oral performance.
Prominence marking in second language Chinese tones
Authors: Zhang Hang
Published: September 2016

Focal prominence in Chinese is expressed mainly by expanding pitch range, intensity and duration, but not by changing the general pitch shape of lexical tones. This poses a great challenge for adult learners of Chinese. This paper investigates how forty English and Japanese speaking learners of Chinese mark Chinese focal prominence (specifically, narrow focus) by analyzing the error patterns made in non-native tonal production of monosyllabic and disyllabic focused words. The research data suggests that the main source of error stems from first language transfer of prosodic structures, although the interlanguage tonal grammars are restricted by some phonological universals. Pedagogical implications are offered at the end of this chapter.
A multi-dimensional corpus study of mixed compounds in Chinese
Authors: Zhang Zheng-sheng
Published: September 2016

Certain mixed compounds, consisting of two synonymous components (one classical and one non-classical), are ideal for investigating lexical stylistics, as they are semantically synonymous but stylistically contrastive with both of their components. They are investigated using Biber’s (1988) multi-dimensional framework for register variation and the statistical method of Correspondence Analysis, which has been used by Zhang (2012, 2013) to show that there are two dimensions in written Chinese, namely the Classical and the Literate. The results, consistently replicated with different corpora, are rather surprising, being partially at odds with the intuitive prediction that mixed compounds should be in-between in stylistic value compared with their components on both dimensions. On one hand, mixed compounds are indeed less classical than their classical components but more classical than the non-classical components; on the other hand, they are interestingly more literate than either of their components. The unexpected results are tentatively attributed to the association of di-syllabicity with the literate style and possibly the propensity for parallelism in Chinese. Pedagogical benefits may be reaped from the present research, as mixed compounds may be ideal for alerting students to stylistic variation in Chinese. They exemplify the two stylistic dimensions most clearly in their embodiment of the tripartite distinctions of non-literate/non-classical vs. strongly classical vs. strongly literate.