bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
HEAVY METALS CONTAMINATIONASSESSMENT FOR SOME IMPORTED AND LOCAL VEGETABLES
Authors: Hassoon H.A.
Published: November 2022

The objective of this study, to was measure concentrations of some heavy metals in various imported and locally produced vegetable crops, including root crops (Turnips ''Brassica rapa'' and Carrots ''Daucus carrota''), stem crops (Potatoes ''Solanum tuberosum'' and Onion ''Allium sativa''), leaves (Lettuce ''Lactuca sativa''), and fruits (Tomatoes ''Lycopersicon esculentum'').These crops were collected from Baghdad central whole sales. X-ray fluorescence spectrometry technique was applied to measure heavy metal concentrations. In the imported vegetables, heavy metal mean concentrations were arranged in the following increasing order: Fe>Zn> Cu>Ni>Co>Cd>Cr>Pb, whereas higher levels of Cr, Fe, Cu, Zn, Cd and Pb (1.2075, 165.995, 37.2275, 43.775, 6.0375, 1.48)mgkg-1, respectively, were found within the locally produced vegetables. High level of Co 3.09625 mgkg-1 was also detected in onion, while, increased concentrations of Ni 7.8675mgkg-1 were found in lettuce collected from local market. Overall significant differences in the heavy metals concentration between imported and locally produced vegetables were observed. The daily intake of four main heavy metals (Cd, Cu, Zn and Pb) had been estimated which revealed highly consumption of Cd (310 and 372 µg per day) for imported and locally vegetables respectively. This study suggests raising the concern of the society and Iraqi government to this problem and to take in consideration its impact on general health and environment.
QUANTITATIVE DETECTION OF CAMV- 35S PROMOTER AND T-NOS TERMINATOR IN GENETIC MODIFIED TOMATO FROM IRAQI MARKETS
Authors: & Saadedin Abbas
Published: November 2022

Aim of this research was quantitative detection of Increase and decrease in copy number of CaMV-35S promoter and Nos terminator in genetic modified tomato by using Real-time PCR. Twenty four samples of genetic modified tomato seeds were isolated from 84 tomato samples collected from Iraqi markets during the period from December 2016 to January 2017. The experiences were conducted in the Institute of Genetic Engineering, University of Baghdad. Go Taq®qPCR master mix kit supplied by USA Promega Company, three specific primers to CaMV-35S promoter, T-Nos terminator and β-actin housekeeping gene supplied by Canadian Alpha Company were used. To quantitative detection of increase and decrease in copy number of GM tomato samples contain CaMV-35S promoter and T-Nos terminator, comparing with the β-actin (houskeeping gene) using Multiple of Median (MoM) equation. The results showed that the lowest recorded of Ct value was (27.88) for CaMV-35S promoter gave an increase in copy number (1.1766) above the normal limit, while highest recorded of Ct value was (32.67) gave an increase in copy number (1.0350) above the normal limit. The lowest recorded of Ct value was (27.35) for T-Nos terminator gave an increase in copy number (1.1600) above the normal limit, whereas highest recorded of Ct value was (32.82) gave a decrease in copy number (0.9920) under the normal limit.
Quadruple Differential Distinguishers and an Automatic Searching Tool
Authors: Qiao Kexin
Published: November 2022

Paper on cryptography.
Multivariate Time Series Imputation: A Survey on available Methods with a Focus on hybrid GANs
Authors: Richter Anna , Ijaradar Jyotirmaya , Wetzker Ulf , Jain Vineeta , Frotzscher Andreas
Published: November 2022

Multivariate time series (MTS) are captured in a great variety of real-world applications. However, analysing and modelling the data for classification and forecasting purposes can become very challenging if values are missing in the data set. The need for imputation methods, to fill the gaps in MTS, is well known. Thus, a great variaty of algorithms for solving this task has been proposed in the literature. However, research community is constantly working on the development of advanced algorithms, that fulfill the special requirements of multidimensional temporal data, since most of the existing imputation methods treat MTS as ordinary structured data and fail to model the temporal relationships within and between sequences of observations. The main emphasis of MTS imputation research is currently put on deep learning (DL) models, especially models making use of generative adversarial networks (GANs). In our survey, we present a general categorization of imputation algorithms and introduce groups of hybrid GAN-models used for the MTS imputation task, which we investigate and discuss in detail. A quantitative comparison of the hybrid GANs’ performance regarding MTS imputation is presented based on our findings in the literature. 
Penatalaksanaan Fisioterapi Kasus Lower back pain e.c Spondylosis Lumbal; Studi Kasus.
Authors: Rosadi Rakhmad , Wardojo Sri Sunaringsih ika , Algifari Muhammad Fauzan
Published: November 2022

Latar Belakang : Nyeri punggung bawah atau LBP adalah nyeri yang terbatas pada regio lumbal, tetapi gejalanya lebih merata dan tidak hanya terbatas pada satu radiks saraf, namun secara luas berasal dari diskus intervertebralis lumbal Nyeri punggung bawah (low back pain) adalah nyeri di daerah punggung bawah, yang mungkin disebabkan oleh masalah saraf, iritasi otot atau lesi tulang. Spondilo berasal dari bahasa Yunani yang berarti vertebra/ tulang belakang. Spondilosis lumbalis dapat diartikan sebagai perubahan pada sendi tulang belakang dengan ciri khas bertambahnya degenerasi diskus intervertebralis yang diikuti perubahan pada tulang dan jaringan lunak atau dapat berarti pertumbuhan berlebihan dari tulang (osteofit). Kunci manajemen yang sukses untuk pasien adalah dua hal yaitu asessment yang akurat untuk mengidentifikasi yang di alami pasien agar dapat menetukan tujuan untuk treatment yang ditopang dengan pengetahuan yang seksama dari individu pasien. Tujuan :Untuk mengetahui efektivitas terapi latihan, manual terapi, stretching, dan elektroterapi TENS terhadap Spondylosis Lumbal. Hasil : Didapatkan hasil penurunan setelah dilakukan treatment pada px tn b. pada pertemuan ke 2 sudah mengalami penurunan nyeri dengan pengukuran NRS, baik pada nyeri gerak, dan nyeri diam, yang pada peetemuan pertama pada nyeri gerak 8, dan nyeri diam 5, saat dilakukan evaluasi pada treatment pertemuan ke 2 mendapatkan hasil nyeri gerak 5 dan nyeri diam 2.
Pengaruh Brain Gym dan Resistance Exercise Pada Lansia dengan Kondisi Demensia Untuk Meningkatkan Fungsi Kognitif
Authors: Triyulianti Sari , Ayuningtyas Leila
Published: November 2022

ABSTRAK

Latar Belakang: Demensia adalah suatu sindrom klinis yang ditandai dengan penurunan kognitif secara progresif yang mengganggu kemampuan fungsional secara mandiri. Demensia umumnya disebabkan oleh gangguan beberapa fungsi kortikal yang lebih tinggi, termasuk memori, pemikiran, orientasi, pemahaman, pembelajaran, bahasa, dan penilaian. Demensia disebabkan oleh berbagai penyakit dan kondisi yang menyebabkan rusaknya sel-sel otak atau hubungan antar sel-sel otak. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh senam otak dan latihan resistensi terhadap peningkatan fungsi kognitif pada lansia dengan kondisi demensia. Metode: Studi kasus tunggal dengan desain pre dan post test pada pria berusia 65 tahun dengan kondisi gangguan kognitif sedang. Brain gym dilakukan selama 20 menit, sedangkan latihan resistensi dilakukan selama 60 menit, tiga kali seminggu selama empat minggu. Pengukuran yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini menggunakan Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) untuk mengevaluasi fungsi kognitif pada lansia. Hasil: Setelah diberikan intervensi selama empat minggu didapatkan hasil peningkatan fungsi kognitif. Hasil pada pengukuran awal sebelum diberikan intervensi didapatkan  T0 = 23, dan pada evaluasi akhir tintervensi didapatkan T11= 25. Kesimpulan: Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa brain gym dan latihan resistensi dapat meningkatkan fungsi kognitif pada lansia dengan kondisi demensia
Analisis Keausan Kampas dengan Variasi Jumlah Alur Pada Kampas Rem
Authors: Bimantoro Edy , Darmanto Darmanto
Published: November 2022

Abstrak Kampas rem merupakan bagian dari system pengereman kendaraan bermotor yang memiliki fungsi memperlambat dan menghentikan kendaraan. Proses pengereman tidak akan lepas dari terjadinya keausan. Akibat dari gesekan antara disc brake dan kampas rem itu sendiri.  Keausan bisa terjadi jika dua buah benda yang bergerak dan bergesekan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh jumlah alur dalam kampas rem dengan volume keausan dan laju keausan yang terjadi pada saat pengereman dengan beban konstan 2 kg dan putaran yg konstan juga dengan menggunakan alat uji keausan kampas rem. Variasi jumlah alur pada kampas rem berjumlah 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 dengan waktu pengujian 50 menit dan di ambil data massa kampas rem tiap 10 menit. Hasil pengujian ini volume keausan tentinggi yaitu pada kampas rem dengan jumlah alur 7 kampas A yaitu 143.0368558 mm3 dan untuk   volume keausan terkecil yaitu pada kampas rem dengan jumlah alur 3 kampas A yaitu 117.363574 mm3.  Nilai laju keausan tertinggi yaitu yaitu pada kampas rem dengan jumlah alur 7 kampas A yaitu 1.15209E-07 gr/s.mm²dan untuk laju keausan terkecil yaitu pada kampas rem dengan jumlah alur 3 sisi A yaitu 8.16506E-08..
VARIABEL DOMINAN YANG MEMENGARUHI PERILAKU PENGELOLAAN KEUANGAN KELUARGA MENGHADAPI DAMPAK PANDEMI COVID 19
Authors: Suryantari Eka Putri , Patni Ni Luh Putu Suarmi Sri
Published: November 2022

The economic life of the community during the Covid 19 pandemic experienced a decline due to restrictions on community activities both on a large scale and on a micro scale. The decline in community income due to decreased economic activity, which mostly comes from the tourism sector on the island of Bali, especially for Denpasar as the provincial capital, certainly has an impact on family financial management behavior. The location of this research is in Denpasar City using quantitative methods and the analysis technique used is multiple linear regression.

          The method used in this study is a survey method using online questionnaires as a tool for data collection with 65 respondents. Financial knowledge has an unstandardized beta value of 0.715 which is the highest value compared to the other three variables so that in this study financial knowledge is the dominant variable affecting family financial management behavior during the pandemic. Thus it is very important to increase knowledge about finance that is not only obtained from educational institutions. but can be obtained from family, society and from social media.
FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI TINGKAT INFLASI PROVINSI BALI
Authors: Adiyadnya Made Santana Putra , Putra Gde Bagus Brahma , Santosa I Made Edy Septian
Published: November 2022

Inflation is one indicator to maintain the level of stability of economic activities carried out by people in a country, including Indonesia. This very high inflation phenomenon can occur due to pressure arising from the supply side (cost push inflation), and from the demand side(demand pull inflation) as well as from the side of inflation expectations itself.

The purpose of this study are 1) to know the effect of the exchange rate on the inflation rate in Bali Province; 2) to know the effect of export value on the inflation rate in Bali Province; 3) to know the effect of the money supply on the inflation rate in Bali Province. The analytical tool used is multiple linear regression analysis.

The result of this research were : 1) exchange rate partially has no effect on the inflation rate in Bali Province; 2) export value partially has a negative and significant effect on the inflation rate in Bali Province; 3) money supply partially has a positive and significant effect on the inflation rate in Bali Province.
FINANCIAL DISTRESS DAN PERAN PREDIKTIF RASIO-RASIO KEUANGAN
Authors: Pramitha Gede Dana , Wedasari Desy
Published: November 2022

Distress in financial is a declined financial conditions before bankruptcy or liquidation. Analysis in financial ratio could be use to predict whether companies are facing financial difficuties. The purpose of this study is to examine the relation of financial ratios in predicting financial distress. The sample was 98 manufacturing companies listed for the period of 2016-2018 at Indonesia Stock Exchange. Purposive sampling method to determined sample and analyzed with logistic regression. The results found Current Ratio, Total Asset Turnover and Sales growth variables had no effect while Debt To Total Asset Ratio positively affect and Return on assets has a negative effect in predicting financial distress.
Equity, Diversity and Inclusion moments to raise Equity, Diversity and Inclusion literacy among physician leaders
Authors: Ruzycki Shannon M , Holroyd-Leduc Jayna , Brown Allison
Published: November 2022

Implication Statement
Previous research in our department on equity-deserving groups revealed that physician leaders could improve their understanding of barriers faced by physicians from these groups. We developed EDI Moments, a brief, recurring educational intervention, to raise the EDI literacy of physician leaders in our Department of Medicine. In addition to being considered a good use of time by attendees, EDI Moments have led to new processes and policies to improve EDI in our department. Teams that implement EDI Moments should leverage local EDI expertise and select topics suited for their audience’s baseline knowledge.
Near-peer tutoring: an effective adjunct for virtual anatomy learning
Authors: Sioufi Jeffrey , Hall Brandon , Antel Ryan
Published: November 2022

Implication statement
With recent shifts in medical education to the virtual setting during the COVID-19 pandemic, previous methods of teaching anatomy have been challenged. As such, we created the Medical Students’ Society Anatomy Club (MAC), a student-led near-peer tutoring initiative providing virtual anatomy learning opportunities through interactive large and small group sessions using cadaveric prosection images and models. Sessions had high attendance rates and satisfaction among students. This pilot project demonstrated that near-peer teaching in a virtual learning environment can be an effective adjunct to traditional medical anatomy curricula.
motivación autodeterminada de jóvenes que utilizan Facebook para construir conocimientos
Authors: Valdivia Yábar Silvia Verónica
Published: November 2022

Este artículo estudia la motivación autodeterminada de un grupo de jóvenes de un Programa académico de la Universidad Nacional del Altiplano del Perú que utiliza Facebook como plataforma de construcción de conocimientos. El objetivo fue determinar el nivel de motivación autodeterminada de los estudiantes en actividades de aprendizaje. Se adoptó un enfoque mixto, cualitativo y cuantitativo. Se realizó un cuestionario Likert y una entrevista semiestructurada con 15 estudiantes voluntarios. Los resultados mostraron que la media de las motivaciones intrínsecas prevalece sobre la de las motivaciones extrínsecas y la desmotivación. También, el uso de Facebook fomentó un aumento en la autodeterminación.
El marketing experiencial y la calidad del servicio
Authors: Dueñas Palomino Milagros Yuliana
Published: November 2022

Objetivo. Este articulo tiene como objetivo el describir cómo se relaciona el marketing experiencial y la calidad del servicio. Métodos. Este fue de carácter descriptivo, con enfoque cuantitativo, y de diseño descriptivo–correlacional. Se contó con una población de 114995 habitantes de la provincia de Huánuco que varían entre las edades de 20 a 60 años. La muestra de 163 habitantes fue obtenida a partir de un muestreo probabilístico aleatorio simple. La recolección de datos fue obtenida a partir de una encuesta y como instrumento se implementó un cuestionario aplicado con la finalidad de conocer el comportamiento de las variables y sus dimensiones. Resultados. Las estrategias de marketing experiencial se relacionan de manera significativa con la calidad del servicio. Esta relación se da de manera positiva alta de acuerdo al rango de puntuaciones de la correlación de Pearson (0,962). Así el indicador de nivel de expectaciones de la dimensión de experiencia interactiva presenta un impacto positivo en los clientes encuestados, pues casi todos los encuestados consideran que siempre o algunas veces lo que ofrecen cumple con sus expectativas, mientras que solo un porcentaje pequeño (4,9 %) consideran que nunca lo hacen. Conclusiones. Se concluye que las estrategias de marketing experiencial se relacionan de manera significativa con la calidad del servicio. Esta relación se da de manera positiva alta de acuerdo al rango de puntuaciones de la correlación de Pearson (0,962); por lo cual, se puede decir que el marketing experiencial mejora la calidad del servicio de la empresa
RISK ANALYSIS METHODOLOGIES FOR THE FINANCIAL EVALUATION OF WIND ENERGY POWER GENERATION PROJECTS
Authors: Luka Lugarić  , Slavko Krajcar  , Ante Čurković
Published: November 2022

Pursuant to European legislative and energetics trends, Croatia must significantly increase the number of renewable energy sources in the electrical energy system. Wind power plants are among the most attractive on the market. Since the European experiences of the development, construction and utilization of power plants predominantly employ the project financing model, it is necessary to establish a framework for the analysis of the financial profitability of investments in the construction of a wind power plant. Moreover, in order to increase the security of such investments, a rapid and efficient system is required for the analysis of the investment risks of the project in order to reduce them on the planning or acceptable economic levels. With these goals, a model for the financial evaluation of wind energy power generation projects is presented, together with the elements of the risk analysis employed. The data used are from a project for a wind power plant with a power rating of 18 MW, which is planned for construction on the territory of Zadar County in the environs of Benkovac. In cases where there are no reference documents for Croatia, data and experiences from European projects are used.
Pelatihan Pembuatan Marketing Kit Menggunakan Aplikasi Canva untuk Optimalisasi Digital Marketing
Authors: Veranita Mira , Ramayani Yusuf  , Gunardi
Published: November 2022

Pemasaran digital (digital marketing) saat ini merupakan pendekatan yang paling efektif untuk meningkatkan pemasaran perusahaan. Untuk mengembangkan bisnis dan meningkatkan pemasaran, dilakukan pelatihan pembuatan Marketing Kit dengan menggunakan aplikasi CANVA. Dengan Marketing Kit, informasi digital mengenai usaha dan produk dapat dilakukan dengan lebih mudah, praktis dan efisien.

Kegiatan pelatihan terbagi dalam tahap persiapan, perancangan dan tahap pelaksanaan serta evaluasi. Kegiatan pelatihan dilakukan secara online dengan menggunakan Zoom Meeting, selama 4,5 jam dengan kombinasi metode presentasi, demonstrasi dan praktek langsung pembuatan logo, kartu nama, flyer, poster dan brosur.

Pelatihan bagi Komunitas Muda Positif berjalan dengan lancar dan kondusif, seluruh peserta antusias dan bersemangat untuk membangun bisnisnya dengan lebih baik. Di era serba digital ini, agar mampu bersaing para pelaku usaha termasuk Komunitas Muda Positif perlu adaptasi cepat dan membuka diri terhadap berbagai perubahan serta terus mempelajari berbagai peluang dan memanfaatkan perubahan. Perubahan yang serba instan ini harus tetap disikapi dengan prinsip fokus pada pelanggan.

Kegiatan Pelatihan Marketing Kit ini adalah untuk meningkatkan pemasaran dan memenuhi kepuasan pelanggan akan berbagai informasi mengenai produk dan jasa dengan cepat, kreatif dan inovatif. Pelatihan Marketing Kit dengan memanfaatkan aplikasi CANVA termasuk hal yang baru untuk menjawab tantangan perubahan dan perkembangan teknologi digital, karena  konsumen tidak lagi punya waktu untuk membaca dan menyimpan kartu nama, poster, brosur dan flyer dalam bentuk fisik (hardfile) namun semua kini mengandalkan akses dan penyimpanan di smartphone.   Meski menghadapi sejumlah tantangan akibat pelatihan yang dilakukan secara online karena pembatasan-pembatasan sosial  pandemi Covid-19, namun motivasi peserta untuk berpartisipasi penuh tetap terjaga.
Karakteristik Suhu dan Salinitas di Selat Makassar Berdasarkan Data CTD Cruise Arlindo 2005 dan Timit 2015
Authors: Agustinus Agustinus , Pranowo Widodo setiyo , Nurhidayat Nurhidayat , Asmoro Nuki Widi , Hendra Hendra
Published: November 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan Karakteristik massa air melalui Pola distribusi Suhu dan Salinitas secara menegak dan melintang serta analisa Diagram Tpot-S di Selat Makassar berdasarkan Data CTD Cruise Arlindo 2005 dan Timit 2015. Selat Makassar merupakan salah satu pintu utama Arus Lintas Indonesia (Arlindo) yang membawa massa air dari Samudera Pasifik menuju wilayah Indonesia sehingga pola distribusi Suhu dan Salinitas di Selat Makassar dipengaruhi oleh Arlindo, Berdasarkan hasil Analisa Diagram Tpot-S pada pengolahan data CTD Cruise Arlindo 2005 dan Timit 2015 dengan kedalaman mencapai 1000 meter telah teridentifikasi beberapa karakteristik massa air di Selat Makassar diduga dipengaruhi oleh oleh jenis BBW antara kedalaman 13 m sampai 68 m dengan ciri suhu 25,0°Csampai 29,0°Cdan salinitas 28 ‰ sampai 35 ‰, ESPCW antara kedalaman 69 m sampai 450 m dengan ciri suhu 8,0  sampai 24,0°C dan salinitas 34,4 ‰ sampai 36,4 ‰ dan WSPCW antara kedalaman 111 m sampai 860 m dengan ciri suhu 6,0°Csampai 22,0°C, dan salinitas 34,5 ‰ sampai 35,8 ‰.
THE EFFECTIVENESS OF THE 3R (REDUCE, REUSE, AND RECYCLE) PROGRAM IMPLEMENTED THROUGH WASTE BANKS IN EMPOWERING THE COMMUNITY ECONOMY IN GORONTALO (A Case Study of Parent Waste Bank in Wongkaditi Timur Kota Utara Gorontalo)
Authors: Sabihi Syaiful B. , Husain Walidun , Wantu Sastro Mustapa
Published: November 2022

This research aims to analyze and describe (1) the effectiveness of the 3R program implemented through waste banks in empowering the community economy in Gorontalo and (2) the supporting and inhibiting factors of the 3R program implemented through waste banks in empowering the community economy in Gorontalo. The research method used is qualitative. The research data source is primary data collected using interviews. The data analysis technique used refers to Miles and Huberman’s. The research findings are that (1) the 3R (reduce, reuse, and recycle) program implemented through waste banks has effectively empowered the community economy in Gorontalo. The program is progressively developed, indicated by the fact that waste in Gorontalo has been reduced to the target determined. Contrastively, the city management system comprising selecting, transporting, and processing is still poor. In terms of the economic use, the system does not give significant contributions to the economic improvement of the surrounding community that becomes the customer of waste banks and (2) the crucial internal factors of the 3R program the waste bank owner’s commitment to introducing the program and the employees’ commitment to earning the incentive. Meanwhile, the inhibiting factors are the narrow waste banks and insufficient tools and facilities that support the 3R (reduce, reuse, and recycle) program. Furthermore, the external factors are the government, the cooperation with the waste bank owners in Gorontalo, and a fixed market share where the waste can be sold. Moreover, the inhibiting factors are the community’s perception of waste banks. They perceive small uses of the waste banks and they reluctantly spare time to sell waste in waste banks.
ANADOLU TÜRK BEYLİKLERİNDE SAVAŞ DÜZENİ, SANAT VE TAKTİKLERİ (XIV. VE XV. YÜZYILLAR)
Authors: KAYA Kerim Köksal
Published: November 2022

Anadolu Türk beyliklerinin kuruluş dinamikleri göz önüne alındığında Türkiye Selçuklu Devleti’nin uç bölgelerinde gaza ve fetih faaliyetlerini yürütmek ve vatan savunması yapmak büyük öneme sahipti. Nitekim bu önemin farkında olarak Anadolu Türk beyleri her türlü askerî faaliyetinde köklü bir geçmişe sahip olan ve sağlam temellere dayanan Türk savaş düzenini, sanatını ve taktiklerini başarıyla uygulamışlardı. Savaşın meydan, kuşatma veya savunma savaşı olmasına göre ordularını düzenleyen ve taktikler uygulayan Anadolu Türk beyleri yeryüzü ve iklim koşulları gibi maddî unsurlara ve psikolojik savaş unsurlarına dikkat etmişlerdir. Meydan savaşı, kuşatma savaşı veya savunma savaşı olması fark etmeksizin o anki şartların gerektirdiği tuzak kurma, sürpriz baskınlar yapma, hendekler kazma, düşmanın ulaşabileceği su ve gıda kaynaklarını zehirleme, düşmanı kışkırtma gibi askerî faaliyetler bu unsurların bazılarını teşkil etmektedir. Bunların yanı sıra Anadolu Türk beylerinin düşmanın savaş hilelerine karşı önlemleri bağlamında bu hileleri lehlerine çevirdikleri görülmektedir. Yapılan bu çalışmada Anadolu Türk beyliklerinin bazılarından örneklerle meydan, kuşatma ve savunma savaşlarında orduların düzeni, savaş taktikleri ve nitekim Türk savaş dinamizminin ilgili beyliklerdeki tezahürleri araştırılmış ve değerlendirilmeye çalışılmıştır.
TÜRKİYE’DE KAMU DENETÇİLİĞİ KURUMU İLE HUKUK DEVLETİ İLKESİ ARASINDAKİ İLİŞKİ
Authors: KARACA Serden Onur , AZİMLİ ÇİLİNGİR Gülcan
Published: November 2022

Kamu denetçiliği ya da diğer adıyla ombudsmanlık, idarenin işlem ve eylemleri dolayısıyla olumsuz bir şekilde etkilenen vatandaşların uğramış oldukları hak kayıplarının giderilmesi konusunda başvurdukları ve diğer denetim mekanizmalarına oranla daha hızlı ve maliyetsiz olan bir denetim mekanizmasıdır. Kamu denetçiliği kurumu, ülkemizde uygulanmaya başlandığı 2012 yılından itibaren çok önemli bir rol üstlenmiş ve vatandaşların sık sık başvuruda bulunduğu bir denetim mekanizması haline gelmiştir. Hukuk devleti ilkesi, kişisel hak ve özgürlüklerin korunmasını, idarenin şeffaflığı ve hesap verebilirliğinin söz konusu olmasını sağladığından kamu denetçiliği kurumu ile hukuk devleti ilkesi arasında bu anlamda çok yakın bir ilişki ve bağ vardır. Bu çalışmanın amacı Türkiye’deki kamu denetçiliği modelinin amacına uygun bir şekilde işleyebilmesi için ne gibi değişikliklere uğraması ve nelerin yanlış yapıldığının ortaya konmasıdır. Hukuk devleti gibi bireylerin temel hak ve özgürlüklerini korumayı amaç eden bir ilke ile kamu denetçiliği gibi yine bireylerin temel hak ve özgürlüklerini idareye karşı koruyan bir denetim mekanizmasının ortak amaçlarını yerine getirirken, birbirleri ile olan ilişkileri bu çalışmanın bir diğer öne çıkarılmak istenen amacını içermektedir.
A Concise Treatise on Converting Stellar Mass Fractions to Abundances to Molar Ratios
Authors: Hinkel Natalie R. , Young Patrick A. , Wheeler III Caleb H.
Published: November 2022

Understanding stellar composition is fundamental not only to our comprehension of the Galaxy, especially chemical evolution, but it can also shed light on the interior structure and mineralogy of exoplanets, which are formed from the same material as their host stars. Unfortunately, the underlying mathematics describing stellar mass fractions and stellar elemental abundances is difficult to parse, is fragmented across the literature, and contains vexing omissions that makes any calculation far from trivial, especially for nonexperts. In this treatise, we present a clear mathematical formalism and clarification of inherent assumptions and normalizations within stellar composition measurements, which facilitates the conversion from stellar mass fractions to elemental abundances to molar ratios, including error propagation. We also provide an example case study of HIP 544 to further illustrate the provided equations. Given the important chemical association between stars, as well as the interdisciplinary relationship between stars and their planets, it is vital that stellar mass fractions and abundance data be more transparent and accessible to people within different subfields and scientific disciplines.
Absolute Calibration of Cepheid Period–Luminosity Relations in NGC 4258
Authors: Yuan Wenlong , Macri Lucas M. , Riess Adam G. , Brink Thomas G. , Casertano Stefano , Filippenko Alexei V. , Hoffmann Samantha L. , Huang Caroline D. , Scolnic Dan
Published: November 2022

Owing to its accurate distance measured from water-maser motions, NGC 4258 is one of the most important anchors for calibrating the Cepheid period–luminosity relations (PLRs). We expand on previous efforts and carry out a new Cepheid search in this system using the Hubble Space Telescope. We discover and measure a sample of 669 Cepheids in four new and two archival NGC 4258 fields, doubling the number of known Cepheids in this galaxy and obtaining an absolute calibration of their optical PLRs. We determine a Wesenheit (W

VI

HST) PLR of

−
2.574
(
±
0.034
)
−
3.294
(
±
0.042
)
log
P

, consistent with an independent Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) calibration at the level of 0.032 ± 0.044 mag in its zero-point, after accounting for a metallicity dependence of −0.20 ± 0.05 mag dex−1. Our determination of the PLR slope also agrees with the LMC-based value within their uncertainties. We attempt to characterize the metallicity effect of Cepheid PLRs using only the NGC 4258 sample, but a relatively narrow span of abundances limits our sensitivity and yields a W

VI

HST zero-point dependence of −0.07 ± 0.21 mag dex−1. The Cepheid measurements presented in this study have been used as part of the data to derive the Hubble constant in a companion paper by the SH0ES team.
Short GRB Host Galaxies. I. Photometric and Spectroscopic Catalogs, Host Associations, and Galactocentric Offsets
Authors: Fong Wen-fai , Nugent Anya E. , Dong Yuxin , Berger Edo , Paterson Kerry , Chornock Ryan , Levan Andrew , Blanchard Peter , Alexander Kate D. , Andrews Jennifer , Cobb Bethany E. , Cucchiara Antonino , Fox Derek , Fryer Chris L. , Gordon Alexa C. , Kilpatrick Charles D. , Lunnan Ragnhild , Margutti Raffaella , Miller Adam , Milne Peter , Nicholl Matt , Perley Daniel , Rastinejad Jillian , Escorial Alicia Rouco , Schroeder Genevieve , Smith Nathan , Tanvir Nial , Terreran Giacomo
Published: November 2022

We present a comprehensive optical and near-infrared census of the fields of 90 short gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) discovered in 2005–2021, constituting all short GRBs for which host galaxy associations are feasible (≈60% of the total Swift short GRB population). We contribute 274 new multi-band imaging observations across 58 distinct GRBs and 26 spectra of their host galaxies. Supplemented by literature and archival survey data, the catalog contains 542 photometric and 42 spectroscopic data sets. The photometric catalog reaches 3σ depths of ≳24–27 mag and ≳23–26 mag for the optical and near-infrared bands, respectively. We identify host galaxies for 84 bursts, in which the most robust associations make up 56% (50/90) of events, while only a small fraction, 6.7%, have inconclusive host associations. Based on new spectroscopy, we determine 18 host spectroscopic redshifts with a range of z ≈ 0.15–1.5 and find that ≈23%–41% of Swift short GRBs originate from z > 1. We also present the galactocentric offset catalog for 84 short GRBs. Taking into account the large range of individual measurement uncertainties, we find a median of projected offset of ≈7.7 kpc, for which the bursts with the most robust associations have a smaller median of ≈4.8 kpc. Our catalog captures more high-redshift and low-luminosity hosts, and more highly offset bursts than previously found, thereby diversifying the population of known short GRB hosts and properties. In terms of locations and host luminosities, the populations of short GRBs with and without detectable extended emission are statistically indistinguishable. This suggests that they arise from the same progenitors, or from multiple progenitors, which form and evolve in similar environments. All of the data products are available on the Broadband Repository for Investigating Gamma-Ray Burst Host Traits website.
Short GRB Host Galaxies. II. A Legacy Sample of Redshifts, Stellar Population Properties, and Implications for Their Neutron Star Merger Origins
Authors: Nugent Anya E. , Fong Wen-Fai , Dong 董 Yuxin 雨欣 , Leja Joel , Berger Edo , Zevin Michael , Chornock Ryan , Cobb Bethany E. , Kelley Luke Zoltan , Kilpatrick Charles D. , Levan Andrew , Margutti Raffaella , Paterson Kerry , Perley Daniel , Escorial Alicia Rouco , Smith Nathan , Tanvir Nial
Published: November 2022

We present the stellar population properties of 69 short gamma-ray burst (GRB) host galaxies, representing the largest uniformly modeled sample to date. Using the Prospector stellar population inference code, we jointly fit photometry and/or spectroscopy of each host galaxy. We find a population median redshift of

z
=

0.64

−
0.32

+
0.83

(68% confidence), including nine photometric redshifts at z ≳ 1. We further find a median mass-weighted age of t

m
=

0.8

−
0.53

+
2.71

Gyr, stellar mass of log(M
*/M
⊙) =

9.69

−
0.65

+
0.75

, star formation rate of SFR =

1.44

−
1.35

+
9.37

M
⊙ yr−1, stellar metallicity of log(Z
*/Z
⊙) =

−

0.38

−
0.42

+
0.44

, and dust attenuation of

A

V

=

0.43

−
0.36

+
0.85

mag (68% confidence). Overall, the majority of short GRB hosts are star-forming (≈84%), with small fractions that are either transitioning (≈6%) or quiescent (≈10%); however, we observe a much larger fraction (≈40%) of quiescent and transitioning hosts at z ≲ 0.25, commensurate with galaxy evolution. We find that short GRB hosts populate the star-forming main sequence of normal field galaxies, but do not include as many high-mass galaxies as the general galaxy population, implying that their binary neutron star (BNS) merger progenitors are dependent on a combination of host star formation and stellar mass. The distribution of ages and redshifts implies a broad delay-time distribution, with a fast-merging channel at z > 1 and a decreased neutron star binary formation efficiency from high to low redshifts. If short GRB hosts are representative of BNS merger hosts within the horizon of current gravitational wave detectors, these results can inform future searches for electromagnetic counterparts. All of the data and modeling products are available on the Broadband Repository for Investigating Gamma-ray burst Host Traits website.
Data-constrained MHD Simulation for the Eruption of a Filament–Sigmoid System in Solar Active Region 11520
Authors: Liu Tie , Fan Yuhong , Su Yingna , Guo Yang , Wang Ya , Ji Haisheng
Published: November 2022

The separation of a filament and sigmoid is observed during an X1.4 flare on 2012 July 12 in solar active region 11520, but the corresponding change in magnetic field is not clear. We construct a data-constrained magnetohydrodynamic simulation of the filament–sigmoid system with the flux rope insertion method and magnetic flux eruption code, which produces a magnetic field evolution that may explain the separation of the low-lying filament and high-lying hot channel (sigmoid). The initial state of the magnetic model contains a magnetic flux rope with a hyperbolic flux tube, a null-point structure, and overlying confining magnetic fields. We find that the magnetic reconnections at the null point make the right footpoint of the sigmoid move from one positive magnetic polarity (P1) to another (P3). The tether-cutting reconnection at the hyperbolic flux tube occurs and quickly cuts off the connection of the low-lying filament and high-lying sigmoid. In the end, the high-lying sigmoid erupts and grows into a coronal mass ejection, while the low-lying filament remains stable. The observed double J-shaped flare ribbons, semicircular ribbon, and brightenings of several loops are reproduced in the simulation, where the eruption of the magnetic flux rope includes the impulsive acceleration and propagation phases.
A Machine-learning Approach to Enhancing eROSITA Observations
Authors: Soltis John , Ntampaka Michelle , Wu John F. , ZuHone John , Evrard August , Farahi Arya , Ho Matthew , Nagai Daisuke
Published: November 2022

The eROSITA X-ray telescope, launched in 2019, is predicted to observe roughly 100,000 galaxy clusters. Follow-up observations of these clusters from Chandra, for example, will be needed to resolve outstanding questions about galaxy cluster physics. Deep Chandra cluster observations are expensive, and it is unfeasible to follow up every eROSITA cluster, therefore the objects that are chosen for follow-up must be chosen with care. To address this, we have developed an algorithm for predicting longer-duration, background-free observations, based on mock eROSITA observations. We make use of the hydrodynamic cosmological simulation Magneticum, simulate eROSITA instrument conditions using SIXTE, and apply a novel convolutional neural network to output a deep Chandra-like “super observation” of each cluster in our simulation sample. Any follow-up merit assessment tool should be designed with a specific use case in mind; our model produces observations that accurately and precisely reproduce the cluster morphology, which is a critical ingredient for determining a cluster’s dynamical state and core type. Our model will advance our understanding of galaxy clusters by improving follow-up selection, and it demonstrates that image-to-image deep learning algorithms are a viable method for simulating realistic follow-up observations.
Tracing PAH Emission in λ-Orionis Using COBE/DIRBE Data
Authors: Chuss David T. , Hensley Brandon S. , Kogut Alan J. , Guerra Jordan A. , Nofi Hayley C. , Siah Javad
Published: November 2022

We use archival COBE/DIRBE data to construct a map of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) emission in the λ-Orionis region. The presence of the 3.3 μm PAH feature within the DIRBE 3.5 μm band and the corresponding lack of significant PAH spectral features in the adjacent DIRBE bands (1.25, 2.2, and 4.9 μm) enable estimation of the PAH contribution to the 3.5 μm data. Having the shortest wavelength of known PAH features, the 3.3 μm feature probes the smallest PAHs, which are also the leading candidates for carriers of anomalous microwave emission (AME). We use this map to investigate the association between the AME and the emission from PAH molecules. We find that the spatial correlation in λ-Orionis is higher between AME and far-infrared dust emission (as represented by the DIRBE 240 μm map) than it is between our PAH map and AME. This finding, in agreement with previous studies using PAH features at longer wavelengths, is in tension with the hypothesis that AME is due to spinning PAHs. However, the expected correlation between mid-infrared and microwave emission could potentially be degraded by different sensitivities of each emission mechanism to local environmental conditions even if PAHs are the carriers of both.
Observation of Gravitational Waves by Invariants for Electromagnetic Waves
Authors: Park Chan
Published: November 2022

We lay a theoretical foundation in the observation of gravitational waves (GWs) by electromagnetic waves (EMWs) performing a full electromagnetic analysis without any optical approximation. For that, the perturbation of plane EMWs is obtained by solving the perturbed Maxwell equation with GWs in the Minkowski background spacetime. In a GW detector using the EMWs, we propose to measure the electromagnetic invariants that are independent of the motion of the EMW receiver and whose perturbations are gauge-invariant. Imposing a physical boundary condition at EMW emitters, we have analytic results for the perturbations of invariants that can be measured in the EMW receiver. Finally, we show antenna patterns of the detector with monochromatic plane GWs and EMWs.
Effect of Yoga on Dysmenorrhea in 6th Grade Elementary School Students at Rusunawa Health Center: A Quasi-Experimental Study
Authors: Nuryaningsih Nuryaningsih , Rosyati Heri
Published: November 2022

BACKGROUND: From 35 elementary school students in Marunda, 23 students (65.7%) had primary dysmenorrhea. Dysmenorrhea can interfere with student learning activities and concentration. Interventions need to be given so that students can increase their productivity and learning achievement.

AIM: This study aims to analyze the effect of yoga on dysmenorrhea in 6th grade elementary school students at Rusunawa Health Center.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study used a quasi-experimental approach with a non-equivalent control group design. The yoga group was given yoga practice for 3 months of the menstrual cycle. The sample consisted of 33 students in the yoga group and 33 students in the control group. Dysmenorrhea pain intensity was measured by Wong Baker Pain Rating Scale. Statistical tests used were Friedman test, Mann–Whitney test, and Ordinal Regression test.

RESULTS: There was a significant difference in pain duration and pain intensity of dysmenorrhea in the past 3 months in the yoga group (p < 0.001). There was a significant difference in pain duration and pain intensity of dysmenorrhea between the yoga group and control group on the measurements in the 2nd month (p = 0.009; p < 0.001) and the 3rd month (p < 0.001; p < 0.001).

CONCLUSIONS: Yoga had a significant effect in reducing the pain duration and pain intensity of dysmenorrhea in 6th grade elementary school students at Rusunawa Health Center. Midwives can educate elementary school students and young women in the working area of Rusunawa Health Center to use yoga as an alternative therapy to reduce dysmenorrhea.
Acquired Hemophilia A in a Female: A Case Report
Authors: Azis Fahrul Abdul , Hardjianti Tutik , Benyamin Andi Fachruddin , Saleh Sahyuddin , Minhajat Rahmawati , Bayu Dimas
Published: November 2022

INTRODUCTION: Coagulation factor deficit is a very uncommon hemostatic condition in which a single component or numerous factors are lacking. Hereditary coagulation factor defects are autosomal recessive, meaning that they can affect both men and women. However, hemophilia A, caused by lack of clotting factor VIII (FVIII), is an X-linked condition. Acquired hemophilia A (AHA) is a bleeding disorder caused by autoantibodies to FVIII. It should be distinguished from congenital hemophilia, an inherited disorder caused by a mutation in the FVIII gene. Here, we report the first known case in Indonesia, a 24-year-old female diagnosed with AHA.

CASE PRESENTATION: A 24-year-old woman was referred to our facility for prolonged epistaxis. She had no previous history of extended menstrual flow or frequent epistaxis episodes, and there was no history of epistaxis or prolonged bleeding in her family. Bleeding time and prothrombin time were both normal, but time to activate partial thromboplastin was longer. The patient was diagnosed with AHA after von Willebrand disease (VWD) was ruled out.

DISCUSSION: In some rare situations, females can be affected by X-linked illnesses such as hemophilia A and B. This may be due to a carrier mother or affected father, skewed X chromosome inactivation, Turner syndrome, inhibitory antibodies (acquired hemophilia), or a random mutation on the active X chromosome. In such instances, treatment is challenging. The usual treatment of choice is recombinant coagulation factors.

CONCLUSION: Although VWD is the most frequent hereditary bleeding problem in females, other rare disorders such as AHA may be implicated. Clinicians should be aware of this when faced with patients that lack a history of bleeding disorders. Furthermore, AHA should be considered as a differential diagnosis in every female patient suffering from hemorrhage. Therefore, a comprehensive diagnostic approach is needed.
A multi-tiered approach to map and assess the natural heritage potential to provide ecosystem services at a national level
Authors: Nedkov Stoyan , Nikolova Mariyana , Prodanova Hristina , Stoycheva Vanya , Hristova Desislava , Sarafova Eugenia
Published: November 2022

Natural heritage (NH) possesses an outstanding universal value that can be described as “natural significance” at a national level. The ecosystems can be considered as the spatial units which represent the NH of the particular area in terms of their value to people. Recreation and tourism are amongst the important values which are strongly dependent on the NH and they have a certain impact on the ecosystems' condition and the quality of the services they provide. The efforts through the Mapping and Assessment of Ecosystems and thier Services (MAES) process led to the development of a multi-tiered approach that considers different methods at different levels of detail and complexity and can be applied according to specific needs, data and resource availability. In this paper, we propose the development of this methodology for the specific need for mapping and assessment of the NH as a source of ecosystem services (ES) for recreation and tourism. The conceptual scheme of the study demonstrates how the MAES framework can be adapted to the specific needs of the work and arrange the methods into three tiers according to the data availability and resources. The mapping and assessment procedure is based on an algorithm for spatial data analyses which enables the evaluation of the NH potential to provide 15 ecosystem services. The results show that the NH of Bulgaria is a valuable source of ES which are well presented in most parts of the country. The areas with very high potential form several clusters that correspond to the country's tourist regions. The proposed approach is applicable on the national scale and solves the problem of data availability limitations for various ES. The algorithm ensures the optimal quality of the results using the available data and resources. Instead of an expert-based assessment for all services which is easier, but less accurate, the proposed approach provides the means how to define more precise indicators, based on statistical data or models where possible. The study provides appropriate data for analyses of the methods’ performance at different tiers.
Entrepreneuriat, spiritualité et religion
Authors: Stambouli Jamel , Arcand Sébastien
Published: November 2022

Ce chapitre présente les résultats d’un travail de recherche effectué auprès d’entrepreneurs immigrants maghrébins à Montréal. Ces entrepreneurs ont choisi d’investir le marché des produits religieux musulmans. Nous avons mis l’accent sur l’influence des dimensions religieuses dans les pratiques managériales et entrepreneuriales de ces entrepreneurs. Des entretiens semi-directifs ont été effectués auprès de quarante-cinq entrepreneuses et entrepreneurs dans la région de Montréal. Les résultats montrent un effet important des valeurs religieuses et spirituelles sur les décisions et les pratiques managériales des entrepreneurs. Nous avons constaté également que la dimension religieuse permet de dépasser l’opposition nécessité/opportunité associée aux motivations entrepreneuriales. Les résultats révèlent également que les stratégies managériales des entrepreneurs varient selon leur degré de croyance et de pratiques religieuses. À partir de nos résultats, nous proposons un modèle décrivant le processus de prise de décision du choix entrepreneurial des immigrants musulmans.
Entrepreneuriat, spiritualité et religion
Authors: Balemba Kanyurhi Eddy , Bucekuderhwa Bashige Célestin , Kadundu Karhamikire Paul , Haguma Mushigo Benjamin , Cubaka Mushagalusa Jonathan , Labii Kadurha Heureuse , Ombeni Mirindi Julienne
Published: November 2022

L’objectif de ce chapitre est d’analyser les liens existant entre la religiosité, la volonté d’aider les autres et la performance perçue. Les données ont été collectées auprès 304 entrepreneurs informels exerçant le commerce transfrontalier à Bukavu, en République démocratique du Congo. Les données ont été traitées en recourant à l’analyse factorielle exploratoire et confirmatoire et à la modélisation par équations structurelles. Les résultats montrent que la religiosité intrinsèque influence positivement à la fois la volonté d’aider les autres et la performance perçue. Les résultats montrent aussi que la volonté d’aider les autres influence positivement la performance perçue. Les résultats accordent donc un rôle stratégique à la religiosité intrinsèque dans les pays en développement. Les croyances et pratiques religieuses ne peuvent pas seulement y être vues comme des réalités déconnectées de la société et de la sphère de l’entreprise. Elles se manifestent dans des faits et actions tangibles pour le bien-être de l’entrepreneur et de sa communauté.