bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Management and complications of tubo-ovarian abscesses: a brief literature review
Authors: Akıncı Güzide Ece , Bornaun Teymur , Güven Hamit Zafer
Published: July 2024

Tubo-ovarian abscesses (TOAs) are identified as a severe and complex form of inflammatory disorder, marking an advanced progression of pelvic inflammatory disease (PID), mainly resulting from the escalation of polymicrobial infections within the female genital tract. This literature review is dedicated to elucidating the contemporary management strategies and associated complications of TOAs, amalgamating the current scholarly discourse while spotlighting the emerging therapeutic trends. The inherent complexity of TOAs, manifesting through a broad array of clinical presentations from mild symptoms to acute pelvic discomfort and fever, necessitates a comprehensive, multidisciplinary approach to achieve effective management. Traditional management has predominantly focused on antibiotic therapy, the cornerstone of initial treatment modalities. Nonetheless, this review expands on the increasing acknowledgment of minimally invasive surgical interventions, like ultrasound-guided drainage, especially in scenarios where medical therapy falters or in the presence of sizable abscesses, underscoring scenarios where antibiotic treatment may be insufficient. The discourse further explores the pivotal decision-making concerning surgical interventions, juxtaposing the benefits of abscess resolution against potential risks and complications, such as damage to adjacent structures and implications for future fertility. The review emphasizes the criticality of addressing PID’s risk factors and root causes to avert TOA development. It also ventures into the ramifications of the emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacterial strains for empirical antibiotic therapy selection, highlighting the imperative for continuous research and the adaptation of therapeutic guidelines. The complications associated with TOAs, including sepsis, infertility, and chronic pelvic pain, are meticulously examined to underscore the potential for significant long-term morbidity. Advocating for prompt diagnosis and encompassing management strategies to curtail these adverse outcomes, the review ultimately calls for intensified, quality research to refine TOA management further, particularly against the backdrop of evolving microbial resistance and the advancements in minimally invasive surgical technologies.
Audiobooks as Artifacts: Listening for Classification and Appreciation
Authors: Sheinberg David
Published: July 2024

Their ever-evolving popularity notwithstanding, audiobooks remain a rather undertheorized phenomenon. The prevailing handful of existing studies seem to have adopted an inherently historicist approach, which fails to identify and scrutinize their aesthetic importance. Thus, rather than regarding them as mere recorded ‘versions’ of existing literary works, this book explores them as the unique products of a hitherto undefined artistic genre. As performance-based aural artefacts, the very act of listening to them is rendered an aesthetic experience in its own right. By effectively embracing an interdisciplinary approach and introducing a set of aesthetic questions and philosophical conundrums (ignited by a paradigmatic application of the New Institutional Theory of Art), this study establishes a new aesthetic category—which, in turn, not only classifies audiobooks as artworks to all intents and purposes, but also generates the criteria and parameters for evaluating their merit. Since the proof of the proverbial pudding is purportedly in the eating, in surveying a series of concrete case studies—each highlighting different degrees of complexities—this study mainly examines first-person narratives as the most natural medium for the aesthetics of the audiobook. As such, the investigation herein provides one with comparative close listenings, appropriately analyzing and debating their aesthetic properties. Finally, in exploring what this study identifies as one’s informed intuition and its role in the craft of casting audiobooks, this study also proposes a new understating of how aesthetic appreciation works in action.
ich binz et aber Hagene : zur Inszenierung Hagens von Tronje in den Nibelungenhandschriften A B C D
Authors: Ringelmann Valentina
Published: July 2024

Die vorliegende Arbeit nimmt erstmals die Inszenierung Hagens von Tronje in den Nibelungenliedhandschriften A B C D anhand eines systematischen "close reading" in den Blick und stellt dabei insbesondere die Diskussion um seinen Status als Held in den Fokus. Als wesentliche Textgrundlage dient die synoptische Ausgabe von Michal S. Batts (1971). Sie wird für die Handschrift D, die von der Forschung bis dato weitgehend außen vorgelassen wurde, um die Ausgabe Walter Koflers (2012) ergänzt. Anhand eines Netzes an übergreifenden Analysekriterien, die sich zunächst auf Helden- und Gegnerfiguren gleichermaßen beziehen, wird Hagens Handlungsmacht im sozialen Gefüge des nibelungischen Personenverbandes beschrieben und sein Heldenstatus hinterfragt.
A relação esforço-pausa na luta marajoara
Authors: Campos Italo Sérgio Lopes , Campos Yan Sobral
Published: July 2024

Introdução: Um dos principais problemas enfrentados por treinadores no universo dos esportes de combate (EC) está relacionado a elaboração de meios de treinamento para monitorar a evolução do atleta. Objetivo: analisar através de um etograma, a estrutura temporal e a relação Esforço: Pausa (E:P) na Luta Marajoara (LM). Metodologia: o estudo é descritivo e observacional, onde foram utilizados vídeos da plataforma do YoutubeTM envolvendo torneios de LM realizados em municípios do Arquipélago do Marajó. Os combates foram analisados com base em um etograma, constando categorias de análise e descrição de elementos temporais da LM. Os vídeos foram analisados utilizando o aplicativo para dispositivos móveis DartFish EasyTag® (versão 2.2.10518.0), disponível para os sistemas operacionais Android® e IOS®. Resultados e discussão: a análise das filmagens evidenciou os seguintes valores médios para temporalidade dos combates de LM: Tempo de pausa (seg), 42,2; Tempo de luta no solo, 39,9; Tempo de luta em pé, 49,8; Tempo de esforço, 89,6. Conclusão: a relação E: P da LM é de 2,1:1, enquanto que a relação luta em Pé:Solo é de 1,2:1. Espera-se que a análise temporal aqui apresentada, possa estimular novas investigações em campo, possibilitando comparações para o levantamento cada vez mais fiel de níveis de organização do comportamento na LM.
Noções de expressão espaciais nas línguas Aruák faladas no Noroeste Amazônico
Authors: Miranda Camille Cardoso , Galucio Ana Vilacy
Published: July 2024

Este artigo tem como tema a análise de adposições espaciais em três línguas Aruák (Baniwa, Tariana e Warekena) faladas no noroeste amazônico, mais especificamente no munícipio de São Gabriel da Cachoeira, no estado do Amazonas (Brasil). Neste trabalho, a análise da representação semântica do espaço baseia-se na tipologia semântica e gramática do espaço. A representação semântica dos eventos de movimento é dividida em dois domínios semânticos: a expressão de localização estática, que se refere a um evento que não envolve movimento do fundo, e a dinâmica que envolve movimento. Esses dois tipos são analisados nesse estudo, a partir dos dados que foram coletados em trabalhos acadêmicos das línguas investigadas. Como resultado, verificamos que as adposições estáticas são, predominantemente, mais recorrentes, totalizando 32 tipos enquanto as adposições espaciais dinâmicas, ocorrem apenas em 5 casos. Além disso, verificamos também adposições que têm uma função mais morfossintática, ocorrendo no total em 11 casos, os tipos mais comuns são o comitativo e instrumental e o benefactivo. As adposições analisadas nessa pesquisa não exibem regularmente cognatos, ocorrendo apenas em três casos. Em suma, esse artigo é apenas um recorte preliminar da análise da gramática do espaço em três línguas Aruák, com o intuito de ser um primeiro passo para um estudo mais abrangente sobre esse tema nas línguas da família Aruák.
Attenuation of Cadmium Toxicity by Methanol Extracts of Rauvolfia vomitoria and Aframomum melegueta leaves
Authors: Adeniyi Temidayo , Akinpelu Moronkeji , Omokehinde Akinlami  , Molade James Kolawole  , Jesufemi Oloye  , Akogun Imoleayo
Published: July 2024

Highlights:1. This study provides insight into the detrimental effect of cadmium exposure on mammalian cells using a murine model.2. The co-administration of Rauvolfia vomitoria and Aframomum melegueta leaf extracts is more effective in ameliorating cadmium-induced toxicity than a single administration of each plant extract.3. The co-administration of Rauvolfia vomitoria and Aframomum melegueta plant extracts can upregulate the expression of IL-10 and reverse the derangements in the TNF-Î±, IL-6, SOD, and GPX levels.
 
Abstract
Cadmium has long been known to be an environmental pollutant that can harm human health, with toxicity majorly affecting the kidneys and liver. This study aimed to investigate the mitigating potential of methanol extracts of Rauvolfia vomitoria and Aframomum melegueta leaves in cadmium-induced liver toxicity. Twenty-five male adult Wistar rats, averagely weighing 200 g, were randomly allocated into five groups, each comprising five rats. Group 1 was unexposed to any substances and only received distilled water. Group 2 was given cadmium at a standard dose of 12 mg/kg bw. Groups 3, 4, and 5 received 12 mg/kg bw of cadmium, and each group was treated with 200 mg/kg bw of Rauvolfia vomitoria leaf extract, Aframomum melegueta leaf extract, and a combination of both extracts, respectively. After 28 days, the animals were euthanized to obtain their livers, which were then excised and processed for histopathological, mRNA expression, and biochemical analyses. A one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to analyze the data, and Duncan multiple tests were employed to compare the categorical variables (p<0.05). The results revealed elevated levels of interleukin 10 (IL-10) in the rats treated with Rauvolfia vomitoria and Aframomum melegueta extracts when compared to Group 2. On the other hand, the treatment groups exhibited a significant decrease in tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-Î±) and interleukin 6 (IL-6) levels, along with significantly elevated levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx). Group 5 showed a normal liver histoarchitecture similar to Group 1, reversing the histopathological abnormalities shown in Group 2. In conclusion, the co-administrative treatment using Rauvolfia vomitoria and Aframomum melegueta extracts reversed the cadmium-induced toxicity better than using each plant extract individually. This further suggests that Rauvolfia vomitoria and Aframomum melegueta leaf methanol extracts may ameliorate the effects of cadmium-induced toxicity, including reducing oxidative stress and fortifying the anti-oxidant system.
THE ENHANCEMENT OF THE CAPACITY OF COMMUNITIES AROUND THE FOREST IN PRODUCING ANIMAL FEED THROUGH SILAGE-MAKING TRAINING
Authors: Budiyoko Budiyoko , Syamsi Afduha Nurus , Sunendar Sunendar , Zulkifli Lutfi , Rachmah Malinda , Madiyoh Abdulhakim
Published: July 2024

Kemutug Lor Village, located on the southern slope of Mount Slamet, boasts various potentials, including livestock farming and the utilization of forest resources. One method of forest area management undertaken by the community is the development of an agrosilvopastoral model, which integrates seasonal crop cultivation with forestry and livestock activities. This community service initiative aims to enhance the community's capacity in processing odot grass into silage as high-quality animal feed. The approach utilized in this activity is asset-based community development. Goat farming and the development of the agrosilvopastoral model in the forest area, initiated by the community, serve as the foundation for this community service activity. A total of 23 individuals from the community were equipped with technical skills in silage production using odot grass as the raw material. This endeavor contributes to the utilization of abundant odot grass in Kemutug Lor and the enhancement of livestock feed management within the community. Evaluation results indicate an increase in the community's knowledge of silage production after receiving training materials. Furthermore, subsequent to the conclusion of the training activity, the community engages in periodic practice and production of silage as supplementary animal feed.
CO-PRODUCTION IN THE GOVERNANCE OF MARGOMULYO VILLAGE BASED ON LOCAL WISDOM (A CASE STUDY OF THE SAMIN COMMUNITY)
Authors: Asmorowati Sulikah , Irianto Jusuf , Reindrawati Dian , Prasistya Gabby Julia , Dwintania Feny
Published: July 2024

The village government is expected to be able to have a significant influence on development in various fields. However, this interest often hinders village governance implementation due to the insufficient institutional capacity of the village. This situation can have far-reaching effects on socio-economic issues within the community. Therefore, institutional capacity and the development of c0-production for village governments and communities are key elements in addressing issues in the village. In the governance management process, Margomulyo village officials still require development in various aspects, including governance knowledge and adopting information technology in bureaucracy. This community service activity provides training and mentoring to Margomulyo village government officials to enhance their capacity. The method employed in this activity involves delivering lectures, providing modules, and offering follow-up mentoring. The outcomes of this community service include an improvement in the knowledge of village officials regarding capacity building and co-production, as evidenced by post-test scores, as well as the enhancement of the village website and the prototype of the Saminku application.
Advancements, applications, and safety of negative pressure wound therapy: a comprehensive review of its impact on wound outcomes
Authors: Seth Ishith , Gibson Damien , Lim Bryan , Cevik Jevan , Bulloch Gabriella , Xie Yi , Marcaccini Gianluca , Rozen Warren M. , Cuomo Roberto
Published: July 2024

The increasing adoption and widespread acceptance of negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT) have paralleled the expansion of its indications in clinical practice. The spectrum of indications for NPWT now extends to encompass soft tissue defects arising from trauma, infection, surgical wound care, and soft tissue grafting procedures. Recent advancements in NPWT devices have introduced various adjuncts, such as instillation of fluids or antibiotics into the wound. These additions empower surgeons to enhance the wound healing environment and contribute to combatting infections more effectively. This review delves into the latest literature addressing the proposed mechanisms underlying NPWT's action, its cost-effectiveness, its impact on patient quality of life, and the essential components necessary for its safe use. The review examines the evidence supporting NPWT's application in managing traumatic extremity injuries, controlling infections, and wound care. While NPWT generally exhibits a low complication rate, surgeons must remain aware of the potential risks linked to its utilization. Moreover, the review explores the widening scope of indications for NPWT, shedding light on prospective avenues for innovation and research in this field.
SERVICE ROBOTS IN THE HOTEL INDUSTRY: CUSTOMER ACCEPTANCE AMONG INTERNATIONAL AND LOCAL HOTEL BRAND
Authors: WIASTUTI Rachel Dyah , IGNACIA Stella Nathalia , ANGRAINI Lusiana Dwi , MASATIP Anwari , SINURAYA Enos Julvirta
Published: July 2024

Purpose – This study aims to explore the customer acceptance of service robots in the hotel industry. Four determinants are analysed: perceived privacy, novelty value, service robots appearance, and attitudes towards service robots. The differences in customer acceptance between international and local hotel brands are also presented, along with the genders’ distinctive results. Methodology – The study was conducted in Indonesia, involving 120 respondents who had prior experience staying in the hotel. Data was gathered from May to June 2022 through online questionnaires and analyzed using structural equation modeling with SmartPLS. Findings – Findings show that for international hotel customers, three determinants (perceived privacy, novelty value, and appearance) simultaneously exert a greater influence on customer attitude, compared to local hotel customers. In contrast, the service robots’ acceptance of local hotel customers is influenced more by their attitude, than of international hotel customers. Furthermore, male customers have proven that they have a higher value on all constructs in this research, meaning higher acceptance and attitude, compared to their female counterparts. Originality of the research – This study attempts to go beyond the hotel industry as a whole, but is limited to both international and local hotel brands.
Les Jeux olympiques de Mexico et l’image de l’influence de l’altitude dans la réussite des athlètes kényans
Authors: Thomas Cyril
Published: July 2024

Los Juegos Olímpicos de 1968, celebrados a 2.200 metros de altitud, marcaron a la vez la irrupción de los atletas keniatas en la escena mundial del medio fondo y la aparición de representaciones de las ventajas que les conferiría la altitud en la que vivían. Estos Juegos siguen estando estrechamente asociados a la imagen de los atletas keniatas como portadores de una fantasia de superioridad vinculada al entorno natural en el que evolucionan. Esta representación refleja una construcción mediática francesa que tiende a desvalorizar a estos atletas en una posición subordinada en un espacio deportivo que es vector de discriminación.El estudio se basa en un análisis de las obras sobre el atletismo en Kenia publicadas en Francia, escritas por periodistas, atletas o entrenadores, , y de la prensa especializada francesa a través de los números de Le Miroir de l'athlétisme, l'Équipe athlétisme magazine, VO2 Magazine y l'Athlétisme.Los distintos observadores aprovecharon la singularidad geográfica de la sede olímpica de Ciudad de México para señalar, cuando no desacreditar, la hegemonía keniana en las carreras largas. Esto se debió tanto a su dificultad para separarse de una visión racializada del rendimiento deportivo como al deseo de preservar el lustre vacilante de la media distancia francesa. Aunque controvertida, la imagen de la influencia de la altitud sacada a la luz en los Juegos de México ha perdurado hasta nuestros días, a pesar de la intervención de científicos para arrojar luz sobre este fenómeno.
Piotr Paweł Berezowski (1770-1834), lwowski lekarz i filantrop
Authors: Magowska Anita
Published: July 2024

Artykuł przedstawia postać Piotra Pawła Berezowskiego, zapomnianego polskiego lekarza, absolwenta Uniwersytetu Jozefińskiego we Lwowie. Pochodził z kijowskiej szlachty, a studia ukończył mając zaledwie 19 lat. Poza wykonywaniem praktyki lekarskiej, zarządzał dobrami ziemskimi i zajmował się filantropią. Bogata biblioteka Berezowskiego dowodziła jego zainteresowania prądami oświeceniowymi, ziołolecznictwem i homeopatią.
Antoni Turuto (1887-1966), organizator gorzowskiej służby zdrowia
Authors: Ernst Piotr
Published: July 2024

Antoni Turuto (1887-1966) ukończył studia lekarskie w Petersburgu. W 1919 r. został zmobilizowany do Armii Czerwonej i służył jako lekarz w szpitalach epidemicznych podczas wojny bolszewickiej. W 1922 r. wrócił do Polski i wobec trudności z nostryfikacją dyplomu ukończył studia lekarskie w Wilnie oraz Państwową Szkołę Higieny w Warszawie. Następnie pracował jako lekarz w Wilnie. W 1945 r. przyjechał do Gorzowa Wielkopolskiego, gdzie zorganizował od podstaw system opieki zdrowotnej
Non-polio enteroviruses in outpatients in the Krasnodar
Authors: L.I.Zhukova L.I.Zhukova ,   Kuban State Medical University, Krasnodar, Russian Federation, V.N.Gorodin V.N.Gorodin ,   Specialized Clinical Infectious Diseases Hospital of the Ministry of Health of the Krasnodar Territory, Krasnodar, Russian Federation,   Kuban State Medical University, Krasnodar, Russian Federation,   Kuban State Medical University, Krasnodar, Russian Federation
Published: July 2024

Objective. Characteristics of non-polio enteroviruses in outpatients in the Krasnodar. Materials and methods. The analysis of the incidence of non-polio enteroviruses in 2006–2022 was carried out in Krasnodar. The clinical course of verified non-polio enteroviruses is characterized based on the materials of a retrospective analysis of the medical stories of 157 outpatients. Results. Non-polio enteroviruses in the Krasnodar are constantly recorded in the form of sporadic morbidity with fluctuations from 0.12 to 11.26 per 100,000 population, mainly in toddlers, more often in the summer and autumn. Enterovirus meningitis prevailed in the clinical forms in the first ten years of follow-up, and in the last seven years – small forms of non-polio enteroviruses. Among adult outpatients with a moderate course of the disease predominate (98.2%), more often in the form of serous meningitis (50.9%) and exanthema of the oral mucosa and extremities (40.1%), less often acute respiratory disease (8,9%). Pathognomonic symptoms are not typical for non-polio enteroviruses. The main clinical signs of non-polio enteroviruses infection in all clinical forms are short-term febrile fever, malaise and weakness, symptoms of upper respiratory tract damage, absolute monocytosis, eosinopenia, lymphopenia, increased levels of C RP, as well as clinical and laboratory signs of serous meningitis in meningeal form and typical exanthem in "exanthem of the oral mucosa and extremities". Laboratory diagnostics should include tests to verify non-polio enteroviruses, as well as differential diagnostic studies to exclude clinically similar diseases that may involve etiotropic treatment with drugs of direct action on pathogens. The lack of approved antiviral drugs and the complexity of diagnosis lead to the inclusion of antimicrobial, broad-spectrum antiviral drugs, pathogenetic and symptomatic therapy in the treatment complex. Key words: non-polio enteroviruses, clinical characteristics, diagnosis, treatment
Profile of bacterial species present in urinary tract infections among Bulgarian patients in outpatient healthcare settings
Authors: Koycheva R. ,   Trakia University, Stara Zagora, Bulgaria, Alekova S. ,   Trakia University, Stara Zagora, Bulgaria
Published: July 2024

Pathogenic microorganisms of urinary tract infections are mainly representatives of different bacterial species with a wide variety of virulence factors and multi-drug resistant strains. In connection with determining the empirical therapy of urinary tract infections, it is necessary to know the prevalence and incidence of uropathogens in the region. Objective. To determine the etiological structure of urinary tract infections among Bulgarian patients in the outpatient healthcare setting and their antimicrobial susceptibility and resistance. Patients and methods. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 763 outpatients. There were applied microbiological procedures – urine sample culture and antimicrobial susceptibility test. The principles of the Disc Diffusion Method were applied in determining the sensitivity of microorganisms to antimicrobial chemotherapeutics. Results. The leading contingent were mostly women (75.6%). Predominant working diagnoses as the reason for microbiological analysis were cystitis or tubulointestinal nephritis. A positive urine culture was reported in a significant part of the respondents (46.26%) referred by specialists from primary and secondary health care. Among the isolated strains, Escherichia coli was identified in more than half of the examined individuals (53.3%), with high rates of sensitivity to most antibiotics used in medical practice. 17% and 12.2% were the representations of Enterococcus faecalis and Klebsiella pneumonia in the sample, in which increasing levels of resistance and respectively disturbingly high ones to some of the widely applied antimicrobial agents were measured. Conclusion. E. coli is the most common gram-negative bacteria causing urinary tract infections in the outpatient medical care. An alarming trend of high levels of resistance was reported in E. faecalis, which was the second most common uropathogen of urinary tract infections in the sample. There was a tendency towards significantly increased rates of resistance in less frequently isolated uropathogens in outpatient medical care. Referring to the obtained results of the study, the authors emphasize the need to grade various antimicrobial resistance bacterial profiles in the outpatient healthcare setting. Key words: urinary tract infections, etiology, antibiotic susceptibility
FEATURES OF THE AUTOTHERMAL MODE OF BIOMASS PYROLYSIS
Authors: Braverman V.
Published: July 2024

The relevance of the proposed work is determined by the need for decarbonization of the energy sector of Ukraine and the transition to the production of renewable ecological fuel from agricultural waste. The main method for producing such fuel is pyrolysis. The effective use of biomass in the existing fuel equipment is limited by a number of its specific properties, such as high humidity, low bulk density, high slagging ability of ash, tar deposition in boiler flues, chemical underburning, etc. use as fuel even on existing fuel equipment is pyrolysis, which allows obtaining energetically valuable solid, liquid and gaseous energy products. This paper examines the methods of increasing the economic attractiveness of biomass pyrolysis technologies due to the use of internal exothermic reaction energy. A comparison of different types of pyrolysis in terms of its duration, temperature, and products is given. The conditions under which the process of pyrolysis of biomass becomes auto-thermal have been determined.
On the need to improve legal regulation regarding medical care for patients before and after organ transplantation.
Authors: Novozhilov A. V. ,   Irkutsk State Medical University Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Kitsul I. S. , Piven D. V. ,   Irkutsk State Medical Academy postgraduate education – branch of the Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Further Education «Russian Medical Academy of Continuous professional education» of the Ministry of Health of Russia,   Expert on regulatory issues regulation of health care activities
Published: July 2024

The article substantiates a set of problems associated with imperfect legislation regarding mechanisms for regulating the provision of medical care to patients before and after organ transplantation. The authors show that the current legislation does not define who is the attending physician of a patient awaiting and undergoing an organ transplant, and the legal context for organizing such medical care is not substantiated. This may pose significant risks to patients, reduce the quality of medical care provided, and adversely affect the function of the transplanted organ. Based on the analysis carried out, the article makes specific proposals for making additions to the current specialized procedure for providing medical care and the law of the Russian Federation “On transplantation of human organs and (or) tissues.”
Building an internal communication mechanism for participants in the procurement process of a public health institution.
Authors: Boychuk A.V. ,   FSBI AGP V. I. Kulakov of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation
Published: July 2024

The relevance of the work is determined by the need to optimize the procurement process in state medical institutions to improve the quality and efficiency of medical services provided. The subject of the study is the socio-economic interactions between participants in the procurement process, including preparation, implementation, and monitoring of procurement agreements. The purpose of the study is to identify and systematize the main problems in the field of procurement activities of public medical institutions and develop proposals for solving them based on the principles of cost-effectiveness, transparency and fairness. Materials and methods. The study includes a comprehensive analysis of current regulations governing procurement activities, as well as a study of the experience of implementing procurement procedures in medical institutions. Methods of comparative analysis, systematization and synthesis of the obtained data are used to identify key problems and challenges. Results. The work identified the main problems associated with the procurement process in medical institutions, including shortcomings in the regulatory framework, lack of a clear distribution of responsibilities between participants in the process and ineffective management decisions. Proposals were developed to optimize the procurement process, including adapting procurement models to the size and specificity of the activities of institutions, improving the documentation of the distribution of responsibilities and using digital technologies to improve the monitoring and management of procurement. Conclusions. Optimization of the procurement process in state medical institutions requires a comprehensive approach, including improving the legislative framework, enhancing interaction between structural units, and applying modern technologies to increase transparency and efficiency of procurement activities. These measures will not only help eliminate existing problems but also ensure higher quality and availability of medical services. Application of results. The results of the work can be applied in the healthcare system at the level of state medical institutions for the development and implementation of effective procurement models. They can also be used in the development of regulatory documents regulating procurement in the healthcare sector, as well as in the educational process for training specialists in procurement and logistics management in medical institutions.
Technologies for preventing professional burnout and maintaining the resource state of personnel in primary care in Moscow healthcare.
Authors: Bezymyannyy A. S. ,   Directorate for the coordination of the activities of medical organizations of the Moscow Department of Health, Mingazova E. N. ,   N. A. Semashko National Research Institute of Public Health,   Biomedical University of Innovation and Continuing Education of the State Scientific Center of the Russian Federation – A. I. Burnazyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center of the Federal Medical Biological Agency of Russia,   Kazan State Medical University
Published: July 2024

Advanced technologies for maintaining the resource state of personnel form the basis of a multi-level Comprehensive Program for the Prevention and Combating of Professional Burnout among Medical Workers, developed by the Moscow Department of Health based on an analysis of the experience of global and Russian public and private healthcare organizations. This program covers all aspects of the existing problem and solves it at the system level. Its implementation helps to increase the satisfaction of medical workers with working conditions, leads to a decrease in the number of days of incapacity and dismissals, which in turn leads to an increase in the availability and quality of medical care provided to citizens, as well as an improvement in the image of primary care in Moscow healthcare, and an increase in satisfaction with social policy city from the population as a whole.
Diachronic Analysis of the Philosophic Term “mōrālitās”
Authors: Sochilin Andrey ,   Elisabethian gymnasium
Published: July 2024

The paper explores the origin and semantic derivation of Latin philosophic term “mōrālitās” (“morality”), keeping in mind its generalizing and object-giving function in modern moral philosophy, which is obvious in its derivates in European languages. The semantic derivation of “mōrālitās” is being examined by means of comparative analysis of lexicographical data in three dictionary groups: that of the Late Latin (when the word “mōrālitās” first occurs), of the Medieval Latin (when it enters philosophical lexicon) and that of Early Modern Latin (when the term became widespread and got its modern meaning). To cover the lack of lexicographical information in the latter two groups of dictionaries the study uses Google Books full-text search, which statistically proves, that the term gained popularity only in the first half of 17th century and also gives important clues on the development of its meaning in late scholasticism. In conclusion, it is stated, that semantic derivation of the term in Late, Medieval and Early Modern Latin shares the same common guidelines, namely steady synonymic ties with emerging substantive forms of the adjective “mōrālis” (moral) and term phrases, formed with “mōrālis” and “mōs” (habit, custom). As a result of such a derivation “mōrālitās” came to be highly polysemic term, denoting the very quality of the free and conscious action, its moral worth and the rules to estimate the worth, and the philosophical discipline for doing that, and the subject of this discipline in the same time.
Excerpts from Khalil Rahimov’s book “Himayat al-awliya’ min ihanat al-agwiya’” [The Protection of the Saints from the Abuse of Erring Men]
Authors: Nasyrov Ilshat ,   Institute of Philosophy, Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: July 2024

The present article reveals insufficiently studied aspects of Islamic Mysticism (Sufism) in Russia’s Volga-Ural region at the end of the 19th – beginning of the 20th century in the context of modernization in late imperial Russia. A special attention is paid to the analysis of the contribution made by pedagogue, Sufi and scholar Khalil Rahimov to moderate Muslim reformism. He led extramural polemic with outstanding Russian Muslim reformists on the ways of development of the Muslim community, the role of Islamic Mystical tradition (Sufism) in the life of Muslims. He criticized their religious and philosophical teachings and views on the issues of faith and reason, the adaptation of scientific achievements and cultural models of advanced countries. Khalil Rahimov believed that Muslim education, culture and society should be developed without undermining the foundations of religion. Alongside the research, the article provides a Russian annotated translation of excerpts from Khalil Rahimov’s book “Himayat al-awliya’ min ihanat al-agwiya’” [The Protection of the Saints from the abuse of erring men].
Dramatic impact of blood collection tube and RNA purification method on extracellular RNA transcriptomes
Authors: Vandesompele Jo , Anckaert Jasper , Cobos Francisco Avila , De preter Katleen , de wever olivier , De Wilde Jilke , Decock Anneleen , Decruyenaere Philippe , Deleu Jill , Dhondt Bert , D'huyvetter Thibaut , Everaert Celine , Fierro Carolina , Hendrix An , Helsmoortel Hetty , Hulstaert Eva , Koster Jan , Kuersten Scott , Mercer Timothy , Mestdagh Pieter , Morlion Annelien , Nijs Nele , Nuytens Justine , Philippron Annouck , Piofczyk Thomas , Poma-Soto Franco , Schoofs Kathleen , Schroth Gary , Thas Olivier , Maerken Tom Van , Paemel Ruben Van , Eynde Eveline Vanden , Verniers Kimberly , Verwilt Jasper , Yigit Nurten
Published: July 2024

The use of blood-based extracellular RNA (cell-free RNA; exRNA) as clinical biomarker requires the implementation of a validated procedure for sample collection, processing, and profiling. So far, no study has systematically addressed the pre-analytical variables affecting transcriptome analysis of exRNAs. In the exRNAQC study, we evaluated ten blood collection tubes, three time intervals between blood draw and downstream processing, and eight RNA purification methods using the supplier-specified minimum and maximum biofluid input volumes. The impact of these pre-analytics on deep transcriptome profiling of both small and messenger RNA from healthy donors' plasma or serum was assessed for each pre-analytical variable separately and for interactions between a selected set of pre-analytics, resulting in 456 extracellular transcriptomes. Making use of 189 synthetic spike-in RNAs, the processing and analysis workflow was controlled. When comparing blood collection tubes, so-called preservation tubes do not stabilize exRNA well, and result in variable RNA concentration and sensitivity (i.e., the number of detected RNAs) over time, as well as compromised reproducibility. We also document large differences in RNA purification kit performance in terms of sensitivity, reproducibility, and observed transcriptome complexity, and demonstrate interactions between specific blood collection tubes, purification kits and time intervals. Our results are summarized in 11 performance metrics that enable an informed selection of the most optimal sample processing workflow for a given experiment. In conclusion, we put forward robust quality control metrics for exRNA quantification methods with validated standard operating procedures (SOPs), representing paramount groundwork for future exRNA-based precision medicine applications.
Investigating the Relationship Between Gut Microbiota and Ischemic Stroke: Genetic Causality and Metabolite Mediation
Authors: Ye Liya , Yu Gang , Shen Jing , Cai Hui
Published: July 2024

Background
The gut microbiota(GM) plays a significant role in health and disease, with numerous studies confirming its association with various diseases. This study aims to evaluate the genetic causal relationship between GM and ischemic stroke (IS), along with exploring potential blood metabolite-mediated mechanisms.
Methods
Utilizing two-sample Mendelian Randomization (MR) and large-scale Genome-Wide Association Studies (GWAS) data, we investigate the association between GM and IS. Bayesian Weighted MR (BWMR) is employed for validation, and genetic correlations are assessed using Bivariate Linkage Disequilibrium Score Regression (LDSC) and Genetic Analysis Incorporating Pleiotropy and Annotation (GPA).
Results
Our analysis using Inverse Variance Weighted (IVW) method indicates that specific microbial groups, such as genus Ruminiclostridium and order Burkholderiales, are significantly associated with IS risk. Mediation analysis suggests that metabolites like Pyruvate, Arachidonate, and HDL-related lipoproteins may mediate this relationship. Multivariate MR analysis confirms the independence of these mediating effects. Furthermore, both LDSC and GPA analyses demonstrate significant genetic correlations between GM and IS.
Conclusion
Through the integration of various statistical methods and GWAS data, this study provides genetic evidence supporting the causal relationship between GM and IS, uncovering potential biological mediating mechanisms. These findings enhance our understanding of the GM's role in cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, offering insights into preventive and treatment strategies.
Mugen-UMAP: UMAP visualization and clustering of mutated genes in single-cell DNA sequencing data
Authors: Li Teng , Zou Yiran , Li Xianghan , Wong Thomas K. F. , Rodrigo Allen
Published: July 2024

Background
The application of Uniform Manifold Approximation and Projection (UMAP) for dimensionality reduction and visualization has revolutionized the analysis of single-cell RNA expression and population genetics. However, its potential in single-cell DNA sequencing data analysis, particularly for visualizing gene mutation information, has not been fully explored.
Results
We introduce Mugen-UMAP, a novel Python-based program that extends UMAP's utility to single-cell DNA sequencing data. This innovative tool provides a comprehensive pipeline for processing gene annotation files of single-cell somatic single-nucleotide variants and metadata to the visualization of UMAP projections for identifying clusters, along with various statistical analyses. Employing Mugen-UMAP, we analyzed whole-exome sequencing data from 365 single-cell samples across 12 non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients, revealing distinct clusters associated with histological subtypes and uncovering patterns of gene mutation that suggest a deeper insight into tumor heterogeneity and evolution.
Conclusions
The application of Mugen-UMAP demonstrates its capacity to provide valuable insights into the visualization and interpretation of single-cell DNA sequencing data. Mugen-UMAP can be found at https://github.com/tengchn/Mugen-UMAP
Wind tunnel study of iron ore dust emissions from stockpile and train wagons
Authors: Fontana Arthur dos Reis Lemos , Silva Artur José Cunha da , Pontes Luana Silva , Mesquita André Luiz Amarante , Martins Marcio Ferreira , Junior Ronaldo Menezes dos Santos
Published: July 2024

This work presents the development of a research facility to evaluate dust emissions involving wagon and stockpile models, considering operational and environmental variables. Furthermore, the influence of wagon vibration along the railway was considered to match the experimental conditions more closely to reality. The experimental apparatus consisted of a wind tunnel to simulate the wind speed, two lamps with controlled power sources to simulate insolation, a spray nozzle to simulate rain, a turntable to modify the wind direction, a dynamic weighing system, and a particle counter to record particulate emissions during the test. Performance tests of solidifying-type dust suppressants were also conducted. A suppressant application system was incorporated into the wagon and stockpile models. The tests demonstrated that the experimental apparatus could evaluate the performance of dust suppressants and could be used for approval purposes. Tests with vibration revealed interesting effects resulting from material compaction in wagons. Endurance tests demonstrated the apparatus capacity in tests of this nature. Thus, the developed experimental apparatus could be employed as an important tool to develop scientific studies on dust emissions.
Rapid remote volcanic ashfall impact assessment for the 2022 eruption of Hunga volcano, Tonga: a bespoke approach and lessons identified
Authors: Weir Alana M. , Williams James H. , Wilson Thomas M. , Hayes Josh , Stewart Carol , Leonard Graham , Magill Christina , Jenkins Susanna , Williams Shaun , Craig Heather M. , Kula Taaniela , Fraser Stuart , Pomonis Antonios , Gunasekera Rashmin , Daniell James E. , Coultas Emma
Published: July 2024

When disasters occur, rapid impact assessments are required to direct response priorities, support in-country efforts and inform the mobilisation of aid. The 15 January 2022 eruption of Hunga volcano, Tonga, and the resulting atmospheric shockwave, ashfall, underwater mass disturbance and tsunami, caused substantial impacts across the Kingdom of Tonga. Volcanic impacts of the scale observed after the eruption are rare, necessitating a reliance on international advice and assistance. The situation was complicated by the loss of Tonga’s international submarine fibreoptic cable, causing a complete loss of communications for approximately 20 days, along with border closures due to the COVID-19 pandemic. A need emerged for a rapid remote volcanic impact assessment and provision of specialist advice to help inform the response of international partners. Here we present a novel methodology for conducting rapid remote volcanic ashfall impact assessments, conducted over a 10-day period following the eruption. We used three different hazard models for ashfall thickness across the main island of Tongatapu and available asset information and vulnerability functions for buildings, agriculture, electricity networks, water supply and roads, to provide initial estimates of losses due to ashfall from the 15 January eruption. For buildings, we estimated losses, both as total losses and as percentages of the total replacement cost of buildings on Tongatapu. For agriculture, we made probabilistic estimates of production losses for three different crop classes. For ashfall cleanup, we estimated ranges of ashfall volumes requiring cleanup from road surfaces and roofs. For water supply, electricity networks and roads, our analysis was limited to assessing the exposure of important assets to ashfall, as we had insufficient information on system configurations to take the analysis further. Key constraints to our analysis were the limited nature of critical infrastructure asset inventories, and the lack of volcanic vulnerability models for tropical regions including Pacific Island nations. Key steps towards iteratively improving rapid remote impacts assessments will include developing vulnerability functions for tropical environments, including Pacific islands, as well as ground-truthing estimated losses from remote approaches against in-person impact assessment campaigns.
Versatility of Patient Specific Implants in Reconstruction of Maxillofacial Defect: A Case Report of Central Giant Cell Granuloma
Authors: Mehra Hemant , Humne Abhijeet , Gupta Hemant , Gangwar Ankit
Published: July 2024

Reconstructing maxillofacial defects is challenging due to its complex anatomy and cosmetic and functional effects on patients. From a functional and esthetic view, it is imperative for surgeons to accurately restore the defect in a way that will ensure patient satisfaction and well-being. Here, a case of large lytic lesion of anterior mandible, causing extensive bony resorption, in a young female patient is reported. Incisional biopsy was performed and the histopathological features were suggestive of Central giant cell granuloma (CGCG). Surgical treatment by en-bloc resection of the lesion was done. Although, several reconstruction options in the literature are available for the residual bony defect including iliac crest graft, costochondral graft, submental island flaps and more. However, the advent of additive manufacturing, 3–dimensional (3D) printing, and the recent advances in those technologies has positively influenced the biomedical field, leading to the utilization of patient-specific implants (PSIs) in the surgical repair of maxillofacial defects. This report highlights the advantages of using Patient Specific Implant and describes our experience with it.